bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Du trompe-l’oeil cinématographique
Authors: Stoichita Víctor I.
Published: November 2020

Le trompe-l’oeil cinématographique précède l’invention du cinéma. Il naît dans la peinture, au moment où les artifices mis en jeu arrivent à briser la “frontière esthétique”1, en suggérant un dépassement dynamique des limites de l’image. La magie de cet exploit apparaît d’abord dans le domaine pur de la peinture des premiers Temps Modernes. Ses origines sont très lointaines.Parcourir toutes les étapes menant des expériences fondatrices à celle de l’animation permise par l’invention de la technique cinématographique dépasserait de beaucoup les limites du présent article. Je me contenterai pour cette raison d’une très brève incursion dans la préhistoire immédiate du trompe-l’oeil cinématographique, à l’époque de grande effervescence technique que fut le XIXe siècle, pour pouvoir me consacrer ensuite (et d’une manière plus analytique) à la considération d’un des exemples les plus marquants de trompe-l’oeil proposé par le cinéma de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle.
La obra inmaculista de los Mora y su círculo en el arzobispado de Granada
Authors: Peinado Guzmán José Antonio
Published: November 2020

La familia de los Mora, a caballo entre el siglo XVII y XVIII, supone un hito dentro de la escuela granadina de escultura. Su ingente producción se concentra principalmente la temática de Pasión. Este artículo recoge su labor en la iconografía inmaculista, deudora de los cánones de Alonso Cano. El trabajo de taller que comenzará a partir del menor de los Mora, Diego, permitirá que los encargos artísticos se multipliquen. Será a raíz de Diego de Mora cuando contemplemos algún prototipo iconográfico inmaculista diferente del ideado por el racionero Cano. El texto que proponemos aborda la catalogación de los diferentes arquetipos que desarrollan los Mora en la temática concepcionista, además de sacar a la luz algunas imágenes desconocidas que consideramos de su factura.
Entre lo flexible y lo complejo: tiempo y percepción en Enrique X. Macías (1958-1995)
Authors: Villar-Taboada Carlos
Published: November 2020

Enrique X. Macías (1958-1995) fue autor de una música fuertemente condicionada por su afán de componer con rigor intelectual. Desarrolló una carrera de notable proyección internacional gracias a su utilización de principios estructuradores que combinaban la flexibilidad y la complejidad y manifestando una consideración reflexiva del tiempo y la percepción en la música. Para demostrarlo, completo un selectivo examen de su producción a través del comentario analítico de diferentes composiciones que abarcan toda su trayectoria. El texto consta de una puesta al día del estado de la cuestión, un breve retrato biográfico, una aproximación analítica musical con algunos ejemplos representativos de las técnicas más habituales y unas conclusiones sobre las consecuencias estéticas de su catálogo de obras
Los discursos poscolonialista y feminista sobre el arte moderno: la crítica de Les Demoiselles d’Avignon
Authors: Baiges Maite Méndez
Published: November 2020

Les Demoiselles d’Avignon de Picasso (1907) ha sido considerada  a lo largo de un siglo una obra paradigmática del arte y la estética modernas, y, como tal, se ha visto sometida al análisis de la mayoría de los enfoques de la historia del arte. La crítica en torno a esta obra ha ido modelando lo que denominamos “relato ortodoxo de la modernidad”. Los enfoques más recientes, procedentes de la crítica feminista y la poscolonialista (incluidos los estudios sobre el “subalterno”), suponen una auténtica deconstrucción del discurso dominante sobre lo moderno o vanguardista. Este texto analiza pormenorizadamente los presupuestos de esta nueva crítica.
Joseph Beuys y el todo dialéctico
Authors: Ortuzar González Mónica
Published: November 2020

En los innumerables artículos de y sobre Joseph Beuys que se han escrito encontramos insistentemente un modelo de frase con la que se plantea su propuesta de Arte en el pensamiento dialéctico occidental y sobre todo con sus lecturas de juventud: Hegel, los Románticos y el cristianismo.
La Frontera del Gótico: James Fergusson y la arquitectura española
Authors: Mateo Matilde
Published: November 2020

Las historias del arte generales escritas por historiadores anglosajones presentan un mapa de la arquitectura gótica en el que España brilla por su ausencia. En este artículo se indaga cómo, cuándo y porqué se inicio esta tradición de marginación del gótico español, concluyendo que se remonta al historiador de la arquitectura victoriano James Fergusson. Por una parte, Fergusson argumentó que los edificios españoles eran imitaciones imperfectas de modelos europeos, y por otra que los españoles eran una raza semítica carente de genio artístico e incapaz de crear una arquitectura de valor. Estos argumentos de tipo formal y etnológico le llevaron a concluir que la frontera sur del gótico acababa en los Pirineos y debería excluir España. A un nivel más profundo, sin embargo, lo que de verdad se estaba cuestionando no era el mapa del gótico, sino el de la Europa occidental, y si España merecía serincluído en él.
El París de Haussmann como territorio de la utopía: Victor Fournel (1865) y Victor Hugo (1867)
Authors: Calatrava Juan
Published: November 2020

El resurgimiento del género político-literario de la utopía en las décadas centrales del siglo XIX, ligado a las nuevas condiciones de las metrópolis industriales, presenta en París un privilegiado territorio de aplicación, sobre todo en el momento de los grands travaux del barón Haussmann. Se analizan en este artículo dos textos especialmente signifi cativos a este respecto: el Paris nouveau et Paris futur de Victor Fournel (1865) y la Introduction redactada por Victor Hugo para la Paris Guide editada con motivo de la exposición universal de 1867.
El "Intercambio de las Princesas": arte y política en las fiestas de la boda de Fernando de Borbón y Bárbara de Braganza
Authors: Pimentel Antonio Filipe
Published: November 2020

El inusual episodio del intercambio de princesas que, en enero de 1729, reunió en la frontera de Caya, entreElvas y Badajoz, a las dos cortes ibéricas, fue un espectáculo sin precedentes en cuanto a pompa y emulaciónmutua, que si bien ha despertado mucho interés tanto por parte de la historiografía como por parte de la historiografíadel arte de ambos países, no suscitó una comparación crítica por parte de ninguna de las dos disciplinas.El presente artículo profundizará en muchos de estos aspectos a lo que se suma la luz que aporta nueva e importante documentación
Olivenza: Modelo de transferencias arquitectónicas y urbanísticas entre España Y Portugal
Authors: Pizarro Gomez Francisco Javier
Published: November 2020

El posicionamiento de una población en el territorio implica una serie de relaciones dentro-fuera que marcan lahistoria de aquélla y define la dinámica de su plano. En el caso de las ciudades fronterizas este hecho se revelacon toda su fuerza. En la población “rayana” de Olivenza se dan, además, una serie de factores históricos queconvierten a esta localidad en un ejemplo paradigmático de cómo las circunstancias militares y políticas generanlas pautas y directrices condicionantes del origen y desarrollo de la ciudad.En el paisaje arquitectónico y en la evolución del plano de Olivenza, se refleja con claridad tanto la histórica alternanciapolítico-militar que vive la ciudad entre 1297 (Tratado de Alcañices) y 1801 (Tratado de Badajoz) como lanecesidad de que la plaza tuviera que adaptarse a la misma a partir de dinámicas urbanas en las que se oscilaráentre el eje norte-sur, cuando forma parte del reino lusitano, y este-oeste, cuando depende de la corona castellana.
Los Descendimientos de Michael Coxcie
Authors: Diéguez Rodríguez Ana
Published: November 2020

La documentación hispana sobre el Descendimiento de Roger van der Weyden del Museo del Prado es de sobraconocida. En cambio, la de las copias hechas por Michiel Coxcie en el siglo XVI no está tan clara. Pues el seguimientode su historia documental a través de las fuentes hispanas constata la existencia de tres copias hechaspor Coxcie. Dos de estas copias están en el Museo del Prado (nº 1.893 y nº 1.894). En cambio, de la tercera nose tiene ninguna noticia. Permanece en España hasta principios del siglo XIX, momento en que sale del país.Coincidiendo en fechas con la adquisición de una copia del Descendimiento de Van der Weyden por parte de laGemäldegalerie de Berlín.
Relaciones artíticas transfonterizas. La actividad de los canteros gallegos en la cuenca del Lima/Limia en la Época Moderna
Authors: Cardona Paula Cristina Machado
Published: November 2020

La región de Galicia asume una considerable expresión en la presencia y permanencia de maestros canteros enel norte de Portugal. La proximidad geográfica y las históricas relaciones comerciales y culturales son razones depeso que justifican, de forma más global, el gran flujo de artistas gallegos en dirección a la cuenca del Lima.Observando el panorama general de las obras ejecutadas por artistas y artífices gallegos en la región de Lima espossible constatar, que gran parte de las obras que absorbían mano de obra gallega eran de carácter arquitectónicoy dentro de esta categoría, las que más abundaban eran las religiosas, aunque, en casos puntuales, maestroscanteros gallegos son contratados para ejecutar obras de arquitectura civil. No obstante, aún se mantienenmuchas preguntas en torno a la investigación que está por hacer, en el sentido de descubrir de forma más precisala expresión, dimensión e influencia de estos artistas por toda la región del Norte de Portugal
Portugal-España: la difusión del arte contemporáneo
Authors: Rodríguez Caldas María del Mar
Published: November 2020

Recorrido por las principales instituciones de difusión del arte contemporáneo españolas y portuguesas, atendiendoa los cambios experimentados en ambos países en sus periodos democráticos y a las relaciones deintercambio que se han establecido entre ellos. Se examina la dotación, ámbito de actuación y modo de funcionamientode las infraestructuras artísticas portuguesas, factores que estarían en el origen de las relacionesasimétricas observadas entre ambos países; así como las disposiciones que han presentado los agentes artísticosy que se traducirían en relaciones de proximidad o de distancia.
Tras las huellas de Hércules. La "Estoria de Espanna", la Torre de "Crunna" y el Pórtico de la Gloria
Authors: Vigo Trasancos Alfredo
Published: November 2020

La Estoria de Espanna de Alfonso X no sólo incide de manera muy explícita en convertir a Hércules en el granconquistador legendario de nuestro país tras la muerte del tirano Gerión y en el fundador de una nueva MonarquíaHispánica que pondrá en manos de su heredero Espán, sino que indica con precisión que el gran héroe griegohabía levantado dos grandes torres en los límites extremos de Occidente —en Cádiz y en A Coruña— y quefue esta última ciudad, con el nombre de Crunna, la primera que funda en la península. Por otra parte, esta presenciade Hércules en la España medieval, que se remonta a muy conocidas fuentes de la Antigüedad clásica, talvez ayude a identificar la controvertida figura del hombre barbado que domina a dos leones en el basamentodel parteluz del Pórtico de la Gloria, que debe aludir a una representación del héroe identificado con la Españapagana que sería aplastada por la fe cristiana introducida en nuestro país por el Apóstol Santiago.
THE 2019 GENERAL ELECTION AND THE POLITICS OF INCONCLUSIVE ELECTION IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW OF THE AFFECTED STATES
Authors: Sule Babayo , Sambo Usman
Published: November 2020

Elections are usually accompanied with controversies and irregularities in Nigeria emanating from several factors such as the procedures, regulations, nature of political culture and political gameplay in the country and elites’ attitudes towards power. The 2019 Gubernatorial election in Nigeria was enshrouded in controversies, malpractices and inconsistencies because of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) guidelines for the conduct of election which provided for inconclusive elections in some circumstances. This study examined critically some states in Nigeria that are affected by the politics of inconclusive elections where the elections were extended for additional two weeks due to some issues that could not allow for the final declaration after the first date of the election. The inconclusive election heralded several problems and a setback to election in Nigeria because of recorded violence, malpractices, rigging and other related obstacles. The research employed a qualitative methodology of data collection and analysis. Both primary and secondary sources were used for data collection. The primary sources involved an in-depth interview, participant observation and reference to INEC’s documented data. The secondary data used were books, journals, newspapers, internet sources and reports. The data collected were discussed using content analysis for analytical interpretations. The study discovered that the guideline for the conduct of the 2019 General Election which stipulated for the provision of inconclusive election created several inconclusive elections in some states like Adamawa, Bauchi, Benue, Kano, Plateau and Sokoto which later was followed by irregularities and violence. The work recommends among others that such criteria should be abandoned and declare any contestant that fulfill the minimum criteria as returned elected.
India-France Relations in the Post-Cold War Era
Authors: Nandy Debasish
Published: November 2020

India-France relations in the post-Cold War era are very cordial. As early as the 1980s, France wished to give greater scope to its relations with India. Relations between India and France have traditionally been close and friendly. With the establishment of strategic partnerships in 1998, there has been significant progress in all areas of bilateral cooperation through regular high-level exchanges at the Head of State/Head of Government levels and growing cooperation and exchanges including in strategic areas such as defense, counter-terrorism, nuclear energy, and space. France was the first country with which India agreed on civil nuclear cooperation following the waiver given by the Nuclear Suppliers’ Group, enabling India to resume full civil nuclear cooperation with the international community
Thoughts Triggered by “Skyscapes in the Academy: Is There a Future?”
Authors: Gautschy Rita
Published: November 2020

Thoughts Triggered by “Skyscapes in the Academy: Is There a Future?”
Whither Skyscape Archaeology?
Authors: Silva Fabio
Published: November 2020

Whither Skyscape Archaeology?
All Cannings Long Barrow
Authors: Daw Timothy
Published: November 2020

All Cannings Long Barrow: The Reasoning and Motivation Behind a Modern Barrow
A Field-validated Multi-objective Optimization of the Shape and Size of Windows Based on Daylighting Metrics in Hot-summer Mediterranean and Dry Summer Continental Climates
Authors:   Society for Research on Education, Design, and Architecture (SEDARCH), Ottawa, Canada, Kharvari Farzam
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the optimum size of windows based on the window-to-floor ratio (WFR) for the main cardinal directions in Hot-summer Mediterranean (Csa) and Dry Summer Continental (Dsa) climates (Köppen–Geiger classification system) by carrying out a multi-objective optimization that relies on three dynamic metrics of Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI-a (autonomous)), Daylight Autonomy (DA), and Annual Sunlight Exposure (ASE1000,250) in Radiance version 5.1. A validation against field measurements is conducted under an overcast sky with an illuminance of 11000 lux. The Pareto front is used to pick the best solutions for evaluating the most optimized solutions. Accordingly, the minimum standards for cardinal directions in each climate are defined. The minimum suggested WFR for the Dsa and Csa climates for the south-, east-, north-, and west-facing windows are 20%, 15%, 20%, and 15% (Dsa) and 20%, 20%, 25%, and 20% (Csa), respectively. Furthermore, the results show the shape and relative proportions of windows (vertical/horizontal) have a significant effect on the metrics. As a result, this paper introduces the “Proportion Ratio” as a new indicator for designing windows.
Satisfaction of deaf patients with the health care
Authors: Rezende Regiane Ferreira , Guerra Leonor Bezerra , Carvalho Sirley Alves da Silva
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: to investigate the satisfaction of deaf people in relation to the health services, to characterize the sample regarding sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and self-perception of deafness, and to verify if there is an association between satisfaction with care, communication, professionals, and self-perception of deafness. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional study conducted with a semi-structured questionnaire in 74 deaf adults. A descriptive analysis of the characterization of the sample and attendance, and an analysis of the association between satisfaction, professionals, self-perception, service used, and schooling level was performed, using the chi-square test. The level of significance adopted was 5%. Results: the sample was composed mainly of women (66.2%), 18 to 28 years old (46.5%), of socioeconomic class D (51.3%), having finished high school (56.76%), and employed as an office assistant or typist (90%), 63.5% self-declared as deaf, 51.3% were bilingual, and 54.4% were not satisfied with the medical care. There was a statistically significant difference between the level of satisfaction of the volunteers with the health care received in relation to the different health professionals who attended them (p< 0.05). Conclusion: most of the population was not satisfied with medical care, although this service was most sought. The type of communication used by the professionals and the presence of an interpreter were not effective. It is necessary to implement strategies to ensure accessibility and comprehensive careto this population.
Experiences of violence at school from the stuttering patients’ perspective
Authors: Zamprogno Marina Pelingrin , Mandrá Patrícia Pupin , Gonçalves Tatiane Cristina , Jorge Tatiane Martins
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: to characterize school-aged patients with persistent stuttering regarding their self-reported experiences of violence at school. Methods: the sample comprised 10 patients with persistent stuttering, 10 to 17 years old, regardless of their sex and stuttering characteristics, who received care at a fluency outpatient center in the heart of São Paulo State, Brazil. The collection instrument was an 11-question, multiple-choice, self-administered questionnaire. The data were descriptively analyzed based on the frequency of the answers. Results: almost half of the stuttering patients reported suffering bullying, in which they were given nicknames, defamed, blamed for everything that happened, physically attacked, and mocked. The classroom was the most mentioned environment where bullying took place. The following reactions to violence were mentioned: “talking to friends, teachers/principals, and relatives”, “sadness”, and “desire to change schools”. Conclusion: despite the small sample size, it was possible to note alarming data and the importance of educative/preventive actions in the school environment, approaching both bullying and stuttering.
Clinical swallowing assessment in the diagnosis of silent aspiration
Authors: Fabricio Mariana Zerbetto , Pacheco-Castilho Aline Cristina , Pontes-Neto Octavio Marques , Dantas Roberto Oliveira
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: to identify, in the clinical assessment of swallowing, signs indicating silent aspiration in ischemic stroke patients. Methods: forty-six patients were assessed, 17 days being the mean time elapsed from the stroke to the swallowing assessment. The clinical assessment encompassed structural and functional aspects, oximetry monitoring, and cervical auscultation. During the videofluoroscopy examination, the patients were also monitored with pulse oximetry. In both assessments, the patients were given 100 ml of liquid. In the statistical analysis, the exact logistic regression test and odds ratio calculation were used, with a 0.05 significance level. Results: seven, out of the 46 patients, presented aspiration, which was silent in six of them. Change in the cervical auscultation, in the clinical assessment (OR: 18.8; 95% CI: 1.2 - 1000, p = 0.03), was associated with silent aspiration, as detected in the videofluoroscopy. The hawking present in the analysis of the recording (OR: 12.2; 95% CI: 1.23 - ∞, p = 0.03), was associated with possible non-silent laryngotracheal penetrations and aspirations. No change was identified regarding oxygen saturation in patients presented with silent aspiration. Conclusion: the change in cervical auscultation observed in the clinical assessment can indicate silent aspiration in patients affected by an ischemic stroke.
Hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in a renal transplant recipient case report
Authors: Nieto-Rios John Fredy , Zuluaga-Quintero Monica , Valencia-Maturana Julio Cesar , Bello-Marquez Diana Carolina , Aristizabal-Alzate Arbey , Zuluaga-Valencia Gustavo Adolfo , Serna-Higuita Lina Maria , Arias Luis Fernando
Published: November 2020

Abstract Thrombotic microangiopathies are disorders characterized by nonimmune microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and multi-systemic failure. They are classified as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome, and typical hemolytic uremic syndrome. The latter is associated with intestinal infections by Shiga toxin-producing bacteria. Typical hemolytic uremic syndrome in adults is an extremely rare condition, characterized by high morbidity and mortality. It has been seldom described in solid organ transplant recipients. Here is presented the case of a kidney transplant recipient who had typical hemolytic uremic syndrome with multisystem commitment, refractory to management and with a fatal outcome.
O gênero Galeandra Lindl. (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) no Distrito Federal e no Estado de Goiás, Brasil
Authors: Santos Igor Soares dos , Silva Marcos José da
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Galeandra Lindl. é um gênero neotropical com aproximadamente 18 espécies distribuídas desde o sul da Flórida, incluindo as Antilhas, até o norte da Argentina, sendo o Brasil seu centro de diversidade, com 14 espécies, das quais três são endêmicas. Este estudo apresenta o tratamento taxonômico das espécies de Galeandra ocorrentes no Distrito Federal e no Estado de Goiás. Foram encontradas seis espécies (G. beyrichii Rchb. f., G. blanchetii E.S. Rand., G. junceaoides Barb. Rodr., G. montana Barb. Rodr., G. paraguayensis Cogn. e G. styllomisantha (Vell.) Hoehne), as quais foram contrastadas por uma chave de identificação, descrições taxonômicas, comentários, além de um mapa de distribuição, ilustrações e fotos.
O Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo: marcas de sua criação, 1940-1959
Authors: Silva Ewerton Luiz Figueiredo Moura da , Mota André
Published: November 2020

Este artigo foi escrito a partir de um trabalho de perscrutação a jornais, relatórios e textos memorialísticos e objetiva oferecer um contributo historiográfico sobre a criação do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, sancionada em janeiro de 1959 após uma movimentação institucional liderada pelo professor Carlos da Silva Lacaz, seu primeiro diretor. Procura-se destacar aqui dois importantes eixos que contribuíram para a decisão em prover a capital paulista de um Instituto de Medicina Tropical: em primeiro lugar, a internacionalização da Medicina Tropical brasileira, nomeadamente sua relação com tropicalistas portugueses, consubstanciada com a ida de brasileiros – em especial, paulistas – aos institutos de Medicina Tropical na Europa e, em segundo lugar, a presença de endemias rurais no estado de São Paulo (Brasil), que começavam a tornar-se visíveis na capital em decorrência dos movimentos migratórios em direção à cidade.
Hamid-ili’nde Ulaşım Sistemi ve Zaviyeler
Authors: YİĞİT İlker
Published: November 2020

Bir yerden başka bir noktaya ulaşmanın temel aracı tarih boyunca yollar olmuştur. Yol güzergâhları, özellikle geçmiş dönemlerde büyük ölçüde doğal koşullara bağlı kalmış olup siyasi organizasyonlar çeşitli çalışmalar, tesis ettikleri yol ve yol üzerindeki yapılar ile ulaşımın sağlık bir biçimde işlemesine gayret etmiştir. Gerek Selçuklu ve gerekse Osmanlı döneminde hükümdarlar dervişlere, şeyhlere, ulu kimselere, arazi tahsis ederek vakıf kurmalarına imkan sağlamışlardır. Böylece tesis edilen zaviye ve zaviye fonksiyonlu yapılarla en ücra alanlarda, geçitlerde ulaşımın güvenli ve rahat bir şekilde sağlanmasını temin etmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada da temel olarak Hamid-ili ulaşım ağı ve hususiyle de ulaşım sistemi zaviyeler üzerinden konu edinilmiştir. Kaynak olarak çalışmada 1501 yılına ait Hamid Sancağı Vakıf Defteri transkripsiyon metni kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu defterdeki zaviyeler ve bunların bulunduğu yerleşme merkezlerinin lokalizasyonu yapılarak ulaşım ağı jeomorfolojik şartlar göz önünde bulundurularak çizilmiştir. Böylece han ve kervansaray bulunmayan sahalarda “gelen giden yolculara hizmet şartı” ile ulu kimselere temlik edilen arazilerde tesis edilen tekke, zaviye, hankâh, gibi yapılar ulaşımın adeta can damarını oluşturduğu görülmüştür.
Factores que influyen en la lealtad del cliente en el comercio electrónico del turismo
Authors: Martelo-Gómez Raúl , Villabona-Gómez Natividad , Bastidas-Gómez Maira
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: esta investigación tuvo como finalidad determinar los factores influyentes en la lealtad del consumidor en el mercado del turismo electrónico, relacionados con la intención o la tendencia a visitar y recomprar un paquete de viaje. Método: para lo anterior, se desarrolló un estudio descriptivo con diseño cualitativo retrospectivo, cuya población estuvo constituida por los clientes de cinco agencias turísticas. Como técnica de recolección de información se utilizó la revisión documental y para el análisis de los datos, la técnica MICMAC. Resultados y discusiones: los resultados arrojados por la técnica MICMAC sugieren que la e-Lealtad está dada por la calidad percibida, la honestidad, la organización, la variedad de sitios ofrecidos y la eficiencia de la agencia para cumplir con los servicios ofrecidos. Esto demuestra la importancia de generar estrategias que involucren los factores encontrados como claves; sin embargo, el factor transporte que también debería situarse entre los claves y determinantes, se ubicó en la zona autónoma. Conclusiones: Finalmente, la fidelidad del cliente representa un elemento clave en el mercado electrónico, por lo cual el marketing debe invertir esfuerzo suplementario en detallar su formación y resultado. La variedad de instrumentos de fidelización es extensa, y es la razón por la cual, se debe analizar el entorno en el que se desenvuelve el negocio, para poder generar estrategias de fidelización que se mantengan a través del tiempo.
The dialectics of homeland and identity: Reconstructing Africa in the poetry of Langston Hughes and Mohamed Al-Fayturi
Authors: Gohar Saddik M.
Published: November 2020

The article investigates the dialectics between homeland and identity in the poetry of the Sudanese poet, Mohamed Al-Fayturi and his literary master, Langston Hughes in order to underline their attitudes toward crucial issues integral to the African and African-American experience such as identity, racism, enslavement and colonisation. The article argues that – in Hughes’s early poetry –Africa is depicted as the land of ancient civilisations in order to strengthen African-American feelings of ethnic pride during the Harlem Renaissance. This idealistic image of a pre-slavery, a pre-colonial Africa, argues the paper, disappears from the poetry of Hughes, after the Harlem Renaissance, to be replaced with a more realistic image of Africa under colonisation. The article also demonstrates that unlike Hughes, who attempts to romanticize Africa, Al-Fayturi rejects a romantic confrontation with the roots. Interrogating western colonial narratives about Africa, Al-Fayturi reconstructs pre-colonial African history in order to reveal the tragic consequences of colonisation and slavery upon the psyche of the African people. The article also points out that in their attempts to confront the oppressive powers which aim to erase the identity of their peoples, Hughes and Al-Fayturi explore areas of overlap drama between the turbulent experience of African-Americans and the catastrophic history of black Africans dismantling colonial narratives and erecting their own cultural mythology.
Vlae tussen woorde as poëtikale spilpunte in nege landskappe van ons tye bemaak aan ’n beminde en die windvanger van Breyten Breytenbach
Authors: Beukus Marthinus
Published: November 2020

Breytenbach’s two volumes, Nege landskappe van ons tye bemaak aan ’n beminde (“nine landscapes of our time bequeath to a lover”, 1993) and Die windvanger (“the wind catcher”, 2007), show remarkable similarities regarding his ars poetica. In both volumes the poet plays with the number nine – nine sections referring back to the seminal first poem. Both volumes feature omissions, parentheses and silences in the different sections as well as in the poems. In “versetverse” (“resistance verse”) Breytenbach invites the reader as participant to fill the gaps, to claim the landscape as an inheritance and to catch the wind. This article explores the leads, provided by the poet, to investigate explicit statements on the nature and value of the poems. A comparative reading of the two volumes indicates the poet’s parallel approach and methodology.
De creatieve bewegingen van een vrije geest: aantekening over het contrast tussen Breytenbach’s integrale werkwijze en de gefragmenteerde perceptie van zijn werk
Authors: Van Krevelen Laurens
Published: November 2020

Breyten Breytenbach’s multiple and many-sided work ranges from poetry, fiction, drama and essay to drawing, print and painting an cultural reasearch and activism. He has always emphasized that his varied activities and expressions are essentially one integrated art of living and thinking. However, the public and critical perception of Breytenbach’s work tends to ignore its fundamental interconnections, reducing it to loose, fragmented aspects.
Platero en ek
Authors: Coetzee J. M.
Published: November 2020

Platero and ek deur Juan Ramón Jiménez, die 1956-wenner van die Nobelprys vir letterkunde, word gewoonlik gesien as ’n boek vir kinders. Dit word in elk geval as sodanig in die boekhandel bemark. In hierdie stel vignette wat deur die figuur van die donkie Platero byeen gehou word, is daar egter heelwat wat vir ’n fyngevoelige kind moeilik sal wees om te verdra, en verder ook heelwat wat buite die belangstellingsveld van kinders val. Om hierdie rede beskou ek Platero en ek eerder as die indrukke van ’n dorpslewe, en wel van Jiménez se tuisdorp Moguer in Andalusië, soos gesien deur die oë van ’n volwassene wat ’n baie sensitiewe digter is en daarom nie voeling verloor het met die intensiteit van ’n kind se ervarings nie – indrukke wat op delikate en beheersde wyse weergegee word soos wat gepas is wanneer daar aan die sy, en as metgeselle op die daaglikse rondtes, ’n gehoor saamloop met ’n ongerepte blik en die ontvanklike siel van kinders.
Wind power variability and power system reserves in South Africa
Authors: Sorensen Poul , Litong-Palima Marisciel , Hahmann Andrea N. , Heunis Schalk , Ntusi Marathon , Hansen Jens Carsten
Published: November 2020

Variable renewable generation, primarily from wind and solar, introduces new uncertainties in the operation of power systems. This paper describes and applies a method to quantify how wind power development will affect the use of short-term automatic reserves in the future South African power system. The study uses a scenario for wind power development in South Africa, based on information from the South African transmission system operator (Eskom) and the Department of Energy. The scenario foresees 5% wind power penetration by 2025. Time series for wind power production and forecasts are simulated, and the duration curves for wind power ramp rates and wind power forecast errors are applied to assess the use of reserves due to wind power variability. The main finding is that the 5% wind power penetration in 2025 will increase the use of short-term automatic reserves by approximately 2%.
On the record - An obituary for Professor Mike Brogden, sociologist, social historian, policing scholar, troublemaker of sorts
Authors: Van der Spuy Elrena
Published: November 2020

Elrena van der Spuy reflects on the life and work of Mike Brogden, whose work on on crime, criminal justice and policing in the context of social history shaped converstations on police reform and the field of criminology in South Africa.
La fábula: un recurso pedagógico para la enseñanza de valores
Authors: Vásquez Villanueva Salomón , Agustín Cristóbal Moisés , Del Águila Gonzáles Marina , Diaz-Pinedo Moisés , Espinoza Vásquez Yoselin Gisela
Published: November 2020

Este artículo tiene el objetivo de leer y analizar las fábulas, que comprenden un recurso pedagógico en la enseñanza de valores. A fin de lograr este objetivo, se han diseñado los siguientes tópicos relativos a la fábula: características, tipos, valores didácticos y estructura. Por otro lado, los estudiantes se encuentran actualmente sumergidos en las TIC’S (Tecnologías de la información) buscando distracción, entretenimiento, pasatiempo, etc., con el propósito de satisfacer sus necesidades triviales, negativas y vulgares. Su preferencia se inclina a la navegación en internet en vez de abrir las páginas de un libro y educarse. Se hace evidente que, además de la falta de información, comunicación, educación, cultura y reflexión, se están perdiendo los valores necesarios para la educación integral. Por lo tanto, las lecturas y análisis de las fábulas como estrategia didáctica constituyen un recurso pedagógico para la enseñanza de valores, de una manera dinámica y divertida, permitiendo que el relato actúe de mediador durante el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
El método Singapur: sus alcances para el aprendizaje de las matemáticas
Authors: Tapia Reyes Ruth Alesshandra , Murillo Antón Jaimin
Published: November 2020

Uno de los grandes retos de las matemáticas es implementar estrategias para su aprendizaje. Esto supone un reto para los docentes hoy en día quienes, en la mayoría de los casos, no se desprenden del modelo educativo de enseñanza tradicional, cuya consecuencia es la presencia de alumnos desmotivados y con dificultades para el aprendizaje de las matemáticas. Por ello, el propósito del presente artículo es analizar los alcances que tiene el Método Singapur para la enseñanza de las matemáticas, mencionando las dimensiones, enfoques, metodología y teorías que sustentan dicho método. Este se basa en el desarrollo de pensamiento de los estudiantes para transfórmalos en ciudadanos capaces de enfrentar las exigencias de la sociedad con una actitud creativa y abierta. Asimismo, se basa sobre el enfoque Concreto, Pictórico, Abstracto (CPA). La principal conclusión obtenida es que el Método Singapur ha incrementado positivamente el aprendizaje de las matemáticas, ya que permite a los estudiantes pasar de una fase manipuladora a una fase de dibujo, y gradualmente alcanzar un nivel abstracto.
Scrapping the Workshop of the World: Civic Infrastructuring and the Politics of Late Industrial Governance
Authors: Kenner Alison
Published: November 2020

To understand harm in breathing spaces requires analysis of the ways in which structural violence is built into technologies of environmental governance; a script that cannot recognize the dynamic relationships between bodies, atmospheres, and the industrial practices that condition both. In this paper, I show how community members in a small, Philadelphia neighborhood came to understand that toxic air is made permissible through late industrial political techniques. One of these techniques is a civic engagement platform, designed to more efficiently and transparently connect the public with municipal agencies, and recommended to community members as a means to address atmospheric hazards. Despite initial public optimism, the City’s civic engagement platform failed to address environmental hazards. Rather than abandon the platform, however, community members appropriated the City’s digital infrastructure to run an environmental reporting project. Drawing on the work of STS scholars, I describe the community’s work as civic infrastructuring, a sociotechnical process that utilized public infrastructure to better understand government failure and build community capacity to engage the administration, even if on late industrial terms.
Aggregate Airs: Atmospheres of Oil and Gas in the Greater Chaco
Authors: Grant Sonia
Published: November 2020

In the Greater Chaco region of northwest New Mexico, new fracking technologies are stirring up lands, chemicals, and relations that concentrate attention in the surround. This article argues that extraction’s cumulative atmospheric effects are experienced by Diné residents of the region in ways that cannot be accounted for by the agencies that manage oil and gas. The state’s presumption of atmospheric commensurability is reinforced by techniques of settler governance that fragment ecological and ontological domains like air and land. This fragmentation often preempts the possibility for Indigenous claims to meaningfully disrupt administrative or judicial actions. Unfolding extraction’s atmospheres across three cases, I examine how scale mediates the problem of commensurability. I describe how prevailing approaches to regulating impacts of the oil and gas industry manipulate scale in ways that obscure the cumulative effects of extraction.  Drawing on fieldwork with Diné residents of the region who have mobilized to study how fracking affects their wellbeing, and I show how this scalar work facilitates the commensuration of extraction’s impacts across Indigenous and non-Indigenous worlds––as well as when this commensuration fails.
Breathing Fire into Landscapes that Burn: Wildfire Management in a Time of Alterlife
Authors: Zahara Alex
Published: November 2020

Across the globe, settler nation-states are being forced to contend with the large-scale ecological and social disruptions caused by settler colonialism. Wildfires are a charismatic example of this: when anthropogenic climate change combines with colonial forest management practices, wildfires act in ever changing ways with often violent and uneven impacts to human and nonhuman life. In a context of environmental change, managers, fire ecologists, and politicians alike are increasingly looking to reintroduce fire as a way of restoring “natural” forest landscapes while reducing fire suppression costs. In this paper, I examine one such policy of fire re-integration, in what is currently the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, the homelands of more than 50,000 Indigenous people (Cree, Dakota, Dene, Métis) who live in the province’s Boreal Forest region. In 2004, the Province implemented a controversial policy that locals colloquially refer to as “Let-it-Burn,” where fires are allowed to burn until they encroach upon something designated of “value” (typically human life, community structures, public infrastructure, and commercial timber). While wildfire managers, scientists, and politicians alike consistently advocate for policies of fire-reintegration as ecologically-sound and financially responsible ways forward with fire management, many locals have argued that “Let-it-Burn” is a direct affront to Indigenous sovereignty, destroying contemporary forest landscapes and rebuilding them through state-sanctioned settler values. Breathing fire back into landscapes that burn is a peculiar solution that at once acknowledges and erases the effects of fire’s removal through policies of restoration that risk ignoring the ongoingness of life in forested areas. Through interviews and archival and ethnographic fieldwork, this paper traces the history of the province’s “Let-it-Burn” policy, asking the question, “how to burn well in compromised lands?”  As a way forward with fire reintegration (or not), I highlight the necessity of Indigenous partnership, leadership, and direction within fire management practices on Indigenous territory, which may include fire suppression. This paper adds to STS scholarship on ecological ruination and alterlife, arguing that wildfire management practices are likely to cause harm so long as the effects of settler colonialism are placed in the past and Indigenous rebuilding is erased.
A Commentary: Breathing Together Now
Authors: Choy Timothy
Published: November 2020

It is a challenging and important time to breathe together. A reflection on the timeliness and resonance of the thematic collection "Breathing Late Industrialism."
PEMIKIRAN KEBAHAGIAAN MENURUT ARISTOTLE DAN IBNU MISKAWAYH: SATU ANALISIS AWALAN
Authors: AYOB MOHD ANNAS SHAFIQ , ZAINI MOHD NORAZRI MOHAMAD , SAIRI FARIDAH MOHD , MD SOH NOOR SYAHIDA
Published: November 2020

Kebahagiaan merupakan salah satu topik utama yang mendominasi wacana falsafah etika. Konsep kebahagiaan mula dibincangkan sejak munculnya perbincangan falsafah iaitu pada zaman Yunani klasik seperti yang dibincangkan oleh Aristotle dalam buku Nicomachean Ethic, sehingga dibincangkan dalam tamadun Islam oleh beberapa ahli falsafah Islam seperti Ibn Miskawayh dalam Tahdhib al Akhlaq. Kedua tokoh tersebut mempunyai pendekatan yang berbeza berkaitan konsep kebahagiaan. Justeru, kajian ini menganalisis makna dan cara mencapai kebahagiaan yang telah dibincangkan menurut perspektif dua orang tokoh pemikir tersebut berdasarkan hasil penulisan mereka. Penelitian ini mengetengahkan metode perbandingan makna dan cara mencapai kebahagiaan. Hasil kajian mendapati wujud persamaan dan perbezaan dalam konsep kebahagiaan di antara Aristotle dan Ibn Miskawayh dalam beberapa aspek tertentu. Eudaimonia, merupakan konsep yang dibincangkan melalui perbincangan menerusi pencarian Aristotle melalui persoalan yang menjadi tumpuan manusia iaitu apakah yang menjadi tujuan akhir dan kebaikan yang tertinggi dalam kehidupan manusia. Selain itu, kebahagiaan dapat dicapai melalui aspek pemilihan dan pengawalan tingkah laku serta perbuatan dalam kesederhanaan serta hubungan nalaran yang telah dibincangkan oleh Aristotle dan Ibnu Miskawayh melalui kaitan dan perbezaannya.
KEFAHAMAN NILAI ETIKA DAN MORAL PELAJAR DI INSTITUSI PENGAJIAN TINGGI: SATU SOROTAN LITERATUR
Authors: HASSAN RUSLAN , ZAIN FARID MAT , BAKAR KASEH ABU , KAMARUZZAMAN AZMUL FAHIMI
Published: November 2020

Perkara yang harus ditekankan bagi melahirkan pelajar yang berakhlak mulia adalah dengan memberi penekanan kepada aspek kefahaman yang jelas berkaitan nilai etika dan moral yang menjurus kepada pembinaan peradaban. Ini bagi melahirkan pelajar yang berilmu dan beriman, berakhlak mulia serta bersedia menangani cabaran semasa dunia global. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti kefahaman pelajar terhadap dimensi nilai etika dan moral dari sudut keperluan dan mengenal pasti pelaksanaan kaedah penerapan nilai etika dan moral terhadap pelajar. Kajian ini merupakan kajian literatur melalui analisis kandungan dan dihuraikan secara deskriptif. Pengumpulan data diperoleh daripada penulisan ilmiah seperti tesis, disertasi, buku, jurnal, kertas kerja, seminar prosiding dan laman sesawang yang berautoriti. Hasil kajian menunjukkan nilai etika dan moral semakin tidak dititikberatkan dan memperlihatkan senario semakin terpinggir dalam kehidupan seharian khususnya dalam kalangan pelajar. Implikasi kajian ini boleh digunakan sebagai garis panduan kepada organisasi yang terlibat dalam usaha mereka untuk membangunkan nilai etika dan moral ini dalam memperkukuhkan sahsiah mahasiswa ketika di alam universiti sebelum mereka melibatkan diri ke alam pekerjaan kelak.
KIYAI SALLEH BIN ABD. KARIM: AMALAN KEBATINAN KUMPULAN SELEMPANG MERAH
Authors: ALI MUHAMAD SHAFIQ MOHD , SAMIAN ABDUL LATIF
Published: November 2020

Kumpulan Selempang Merah agak terkenal dengan perjuangan menentang komunis di negeri Johor terutama di bahagian Batu Pahat. Kumpulan ini terkenal dengan menggunakan selempang merah apabila sedang bertempur dengan pihak komunis. Kumpulan ini telah diketuai oleh Kiyai Salleh yang merupakan seorang pejuang untuk mempertahankan kedaulatan agama dan juga bangsanya. Kumpulan Selendang Merah ini telah berjuang menentang kezaliman dan kekejaman komunis dengan hanya menggunakan parang panjang. Di samping menggunakan senjata fizikal, kumpulan ini juga menggunakan ayat-ayat atau zikir-zikir tertentu bagi mensiapkan diri dalam sudut rohani bagi menentang komunis. Terdapat beberapa pendapat menyatakan bahawa ilmu yang diturunkan oleh Kiyai Salleh ini merupakan ilmu pendamping dengan jin kerana peluru yang ditembak oleh komunis kepada mereka tidak lut pada badan dan menyatakan ini merupakan ilmu kebal yang diamalkan oleh ahli kumpulan Selempang Merah. Oleh yang demikian, makalah ini akan membincangkan zikir-zikir dan amalan yang diamalkan oleh kumpulan ini yang diturunkan oleh Kiyai Salleh kepada pengikutnya berdasarkan catatan-catatan yang dibuat oleh beberapa individu yang pernah menemubual ahli kumpulan Selempang Merah dan juga ahli keluarga Kiyai Salleh. Berdasarkan kepada pengumpulan maklumat ini, dapat diperhatikan amalan yang diturunkan oleh Kiyai Salleh merupakan amalan zikir harian dan tidak menyimpang daripada amalan Islam. Amalan ini menjadi pendinding kepada pengamalnya apabila mereka yakin dengan bantuan dan kekuasaan daripada Allah Yang Maha Kuasa.
Uso de espécies silvestres como fontes de resistências às cercosporioses no amendoim
Authors: Suassuna Taís de Moraes Falleiro , Custódio Adriana Regina , Martins Kennedy Brunno de Brito , Heuert Jair , Suassuna Nelson Dias , Moretzsohn Márcio de Carvalho
Published: November 2020

A produtividade de amendoim pode ser reduzida devido a ocorrência de doenças foliares, necessitando, portanto, de controle químico com fungicidas para evitar perdas. Algumas espécies silvestres do gênero Arachis apresentam resistências às doenças foliares, sendo fontes de genes de resistências para introgressão no amendoim cultivado. O trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a resistência às cercosporioses de progênies derivadas de espécies silvestres em combinação com linhagens e acompanhar os segmentos genômicos oriundos de espécies silvestres, possivelmente com genes de resistência às doenças foliares nas progênies. As progênies foram testadas em condição de alta pressão de inóculo das cercosporioses, sem controle com fungicidas e tiveram desenvolvimento vegetativo normal, porte predominantemente rasteiro e, plantas com sintomas de mancha anelar em diversas parcelas. Nenhuma progênie apresentou resistência completa às cercosporioses. A linhagem 19-2673 obteve o menor valor de severidade (2,94) apresentando dois segmentos com genes de resistência de A. cardenasii com locos em homozigose. Como referência, a cultivar IAC OL3 obteve valores médios de 8,88. As progênies 19-2675, 19-2674 e 19-2671 não tiveram desfolha completa do terço inferior, com todos os locos em heterozigose. As progênies 19-2688, 19-2687, 19-2680 e 19-2679 não apresentaram os segmentos de A. cardenasii e tiveram maior severidade intermediária e desfolha mais intensa dos terços inferior e médio das plantas. As progênies com alta severidade e maior desfolha também não apresentaram os segmentos de A. cardenasii. Foram identificadas quatro progênies interespecíficas, com maiores níveis de resistência às cercosporioses, provenientes das espécies A. magna, A. batizocoi e A. cardenasii.