bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DMA2022 Dynamic resistance and energy absorption of sandwich beam with based on micro-topology optimization with maximum shear modulus
Authors: Li Shiqiang , Li Yuwei , Ma Xiaomin , Fang Jianguang , Liu Zhifang , Wang Zhihua
Published: November 2022

Based on the mechanical characteristics of the core layer, which withstands the shear stress and deformation of a sandwich beam, a topology optimization framework based on the bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization method is proposed to optimize the core layer composed of a periodic base cell with extreme shear stiffness. The effects of the volume fraction, filter radius, and initial periodic base cell (PBC) aspect ratio on the micro-topology of the core and the dynamic response process, core compression, and energy absorption capacity of the sandwich beams under blast impact loading were analyzed by the finite element method. The results demonstrated that the over-pressure action stage was coupled with the core compression stage. Under the same loading and mass per unit area, the sandwich beam with a 20% volume fraction core layer had the best blast resistance. The filter radius has a slight effect on the shear stiffness and blast resistances of the sandwich beams, but increasing the filter radius could slightly improve the bending stiffness. Upon changing the initial PBC aspect ratio, there are three methods for PBC evolution: the first is to change the angle between the adjacent bars, the second is to further form holes in the bars, and the third is to combine the first two methods. However, not all three methods can improve the energy absorption capacity of the structure. Changing the aspect ratio of the PBC arbitrarily may lead to worse results. More detailed studies are necessary if further optimization is to be achieved.
Anti-CD21 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cells for the Treatment of T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Maciocia Nicola , Burley Amy , Hoekx Malika , Nannini Francesco , Wawrzyniecka Patrycja , Karpanasamy Thaneswari , Lee Lydia , Ferrari Mathieu , Marafioti Teresa , Gritti Giuseppe , Onuoha Shimobi , O'Connor David , Mansour Marc , Khwaja Asim , Pule Martin , Maciocia Paul
Published: November 2022

Relapsed/refractory (R/r) T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) has a dismal prognosis, with an unmet need for effective novel therapies. The successes seen in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy for B-ALL have yet to be fully translated to T-ALL. Most strategies have targeted pan-T antigens (CD7, CD5) but these may be limited by T cell aplasia and fratricide, requiring elimination of CAR-T antigen expression during manufacture and salvage hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Here, we describe CD21 as a novel immunotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of T-ALL. CD21 is largely confined to malignant T cells with expression in 57% of diagnostic T-ALL but only on a minor fraction of mature T cells (10%). While anti-CD21 CAR-T targeting membrane distal epitopes were ineffective, CAR-T cells utilising a novel Fab-CAR architecture and binding to membrane proximal epitopes showed no fratricide and were potent against low antigen density cell line and patient-derived xenograft models of T-ALL in vitro and in vivo. Further, we showed that CD21 expression in T-ALL can be upregulated by inhibition of the PI3K/ axis. CD21 is a novel target for CAR-T cell therapy in T-ALL, avoiding the fratricide and T cell aplasia seen with many T-ALL CAR-T strategies.
Vibrations of a dual-rotor system in aero-engine induced by the support misalignment
Authors: Ma Pingping , Han Qingkai , Lin Jinshan , Dong Yuehui
Published: November 2022

In this paper, an analytical model of rotor-bearing-rotor coupling system is established for aero-engine from the Lagrange equation, based on the dynamics theory of the dual-rotor system and combined with its stiffness, damping and misalignment characteristics. In the model, the misalignment fault simulation method is introduced. The coupling effect between the low-pressure rotor and high-pressure rotor and the influence of misalignment of the support on low-pressure coupling are considered. The vibration characteristics of the dual-rotor system with the misalignment fault of the low-pressure turbine rear support is studied. The time-domain responses, the frequency spectra, and the shaft-center trajectory of the dual-rotor system with different misalignment are obtained. The influence of unbalance on the vibration characteristics of the low-pressure rotor and the high-pressure rotor with misalignment fault is analyzed. Finally, test verification is carried out by the designed dual-rotor test rig. The experimental results are consistent with the analytical results, which confirm the feasibility of the established model and the simulation method in this paper. The results may provide a theoretical basis for research on the misalignment fault in aero-engine dual-rotor systems.
Metabolite profiling and transcriptome analysis explains difference in accumulation of bioactive constituents in Taxilli Herba from different hosts
Authors: Yuan Jiahuan , Wu Nan , Cai Zhichen , Chen Cuihua , Zhou Yongyi , Chen Haijie , Xue Jia , Li Li , Liu Xunhong , Wang Wenxin , Cheng Jianming
Published: November 2022

Background:Taxilli Herba (TH) is a semi-parasitic therapeutic herb and the host plant is a key factor affecting its quality. Morus alba L. (SS) and Liquidambar formosana Hance (FXS) are the two most frequent hosts. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism causing the variation in the accumulation of bioactive constituents in TH from SS and FXS.
Results:In this paper, 3319 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) comprising the transcription factor families AP2/ERF and MYB super_family were identified. In addition, 81 compounds were identified and their relative levels were compared between the SS and FXS groups using data from the ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS) analysis. Putative biosynthesis networks of flavonoid and phenylpropanoid were created combined with structural genes. The expression patterns of genes were mostly consistent with the variation of bioactive constituents in TH. Notably, the expression trend of UDP-glycosyltransferase genes in TH suggested that postmodification of glycosyltransferase may participate in downstream flavonoid synthesis.
Conclusions:The findings of this work would shed light on the relationship between gene regulation and the flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in TH, providing fundamental information on the difference in molecular mechanisms for the quality formation of TH from various hosts.
Microbiota-modulated spermine promotes brain metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer by regulating microglia M2 polarization via the STAT3 pathway
Authors: li huanhuan , Liu Lichao , Bin Yawen , Zeng Hao , Wang Jiaojiao , Zhang Ruiguang , Tong Fan , Yang Nong , Dong xiaorong
Published: November 2022

Brain metastasis (BM) is associated with high mortality in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Alterations in the gut microbiota have been implicated in modulation of brain disorders through the gut-brain-axis (GBA). However, the underlying mechanism by which the gut microbiota affects the development of BM in NSCLC remains largely unknown. In patients, we identified 16 genera of differential bacteria positively or negatively correlated with BM in NSCLC patients, as represented by Klebsiella, unclassified_f_Enterobacteriaceae and Alistipes by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In addition, untargeted metabolomics (LC-MS/MS and GC/MS) identified 76 metabolites, that were associated with BM. The combination of intestinimonas and spermine was considered a potential marker for the diagnosis of BM in NSCLC. Moreover, the plasma metabolite spermine enhanced BM by promoting M2 polarization of microglia via activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro, suppressing innate immune function, which in turn promoted tumor progression. Overall, our study demonstrated the composition of both the gut microbiota and metabolites changed significantly between groups, and revealed that metabolite spermine promotes BM by skewing the polarity of M2 microglia by activating STAT3 signals. Our results provide a novel perspective regarding host-gut microbiota interplay in BM of NSCLC and highlight a potential risk of spermine in promoting BM.
A literature review of methods for assessment of reproducibility in science
Authors: Nordling Torbjörn , Peralta Tomas Melo
Published: November 2022

Introduction: In response to the US Congress petition, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine investigated the status of reproducibility and replicability in science. A piece of work is reproducible if the same results can be obtained while following the methods under the same conditions and using the same data. Unavailable data, missing code, and unclear or incomplete method descriptions are common reasons for failure to reproduce results.
Objectives: The motivation behind this review is to investigate the current methods for reproducibility assessment and analyze their strengths and weaknesses so that we can determine where there is room for improvement.
Methods: We followed the PRISMA 2020 standard and conducted a literature review to find the current methods to assess the reproducibility of scientific articles. We made use of three databases for our search: Web of Science, Scopus, and Engineering Village. Our criteria to find relevant articles was to look for methods, algorithms, or techniques to evaluate, assess, or predict reproducibility in science. We discarded methods that were specific to a single study, or that could not be adapted to scientific articles in general.
Results: We found ten articles describing methods to evaluate reproducibility, and classified them as either a prediction market, a survey, a machine learning algorithm, or a numerical method. A prediction market requires participants to bet on the reproducibility of a study. The surveys are simple and straightforward, but their performance has not been assessed rigorously. Two types of machine learning methods have been applied: handpicked features and natural language processing.
Conclusion: While the machine learning methods are promising because they can be scaled to reduce time and cost for researchers, none of the models reviewed achieved an accuracy above 75%. Given the prominence of transformer models for state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) tasks, we believe a transformer model can achieve better accuracy.
Sentiment Analysis of Text to Speech with Emotion
Authors: Shunmugam Arun , Soundar K. Ruba
Published: November 2022

In sentiment analysis, the most accepted technique in statistical learning approaches is Bag-of-words (BOW). Though BOW is widely accepted technique, the elementary deficiencies in treating the polarity shift problem restrict the performance of BOW. In order to address this problem a model called Multiple sentiment analysis (MSA) for sentiment classification is proposed in this paper. For each training and test review a novel data expansion method by creating a sentiment reversed review is first introduced. To study a sentiment classifier, original as well as reversed training reviews are used in pairs. For this purpose, a multi-mood training algorithm is proposed. A multiple prediction algorithm is also proposed in order to classify test reviews with the consideration of two sides of one review.
Pan-cancer analyses confirmed the cuproptosis-related gene LIPT1 as an immunotherapy predictor and prognostic biomarker
Authors: Yang Peipei , Li Ye , Huang Wenjie , Song Siyuan , Gu Peixin , Zhou Jiayu , Liu Jiatong , Gu Haoqing , Li Jingzhan , Qi Xiafei , Shu Peng
Published: November 2022

Recent studies have shown that Lipoyltransferase 1 (LIPT1) is a cuproptosis-key gene that plays a critical role in cancer progression, and therefore exploring the underlying mechanisms and biological functions of LIPT1 may provide potential therapeutic guidance for cancer treatment. Our study explored the expression levels and prognostic values of LIPT1 in pan-cancer by using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), GEPIA2, and ciBioPortal databases bioinformatics platforms. We found that LIPT1 was aberrantly expressed in most cancer types. patients with kidney Chromophobe (KICH) and kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma(KIRP) with high LIPT1 expression were significantly associated with poor prognosis.
However, patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), Rectum adenocarcinoma (READ), Skin Cutaneous Melanoma (SKCM) with high LIPT1 expression showed good prognosis. In addition, we evaluated the genetic alterations, methylation levels, and immunoassays of pan-cancerous LIPT1.
To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of LIPT1, we performed single-cell sequencing to elucidate the expression of LIPT1 associated with DNAdamage, Differentiation, and DNArepair. Thus, these comprehensive pan-cancer analyses suggest that LIPT1 may have potential significance for the progression of various cancers. In conclusion, LIPT1 may be a prognostic and immune-related biomarker for a variety of cancers.
Tobacco Consumption Patterns among Iranian Adults: a National and Sub-national Update from the STEPS Survey 2021
Authors: Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen , Ghanbari Ali , Malekpour Mohammad-Reza , Masinaei Masoud , Ahmadi Naser , Ghamari Seyyed-Hadi , Naderian Mohammadreza , Fattahi Nima , Rashidi Mohammad-Mahdi , Maleki Ali , Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab , Rezaei Nazila , Mehr Elmira Foroutan , Moghimi Mana , Rezaei Negar , Farzadfar Farshad
Published: November 2022

Background and objective

Smoking is recognised as a critical public health priority due to its enormous health and economic consequences. Constant monitoring of the effectiveness of tobacco control programs calls for timely population-based data. This study reports the national and sub-national patterns in tobacco consumption among Iranian adults based on the results from the STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS) survey 2021.

Methods

This study was performed through an analysis of the results of the STEPS survey 2021 which had been conducted as a nationally representative cross-sectional study. Participants included Iranian adults aged ≥ 18 years in all provinces of Iran, who were selected via multistage cluster sampling method. Data were analyzed via survey analysis while considering population weights.

Results

The total number of participants was 27874, including 15395 (55.23%) women and 12479 (44.77%) men. The all-ages prevalence (95% CI) of current tobacco smoking was 14.01% (13.56–14.48): 4.44% (4.09–4.82) among women and 25.88% (25.03–26.75) among men. The all-ages prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 9.33% (8.95–9.72): 0.77% (0.62–0.95) among women and 19.95% (19.17–20.75) among men. The all-ages prevalence of current hookah smoking was 4.5% (4.23–4.78): 3.64% (3.33, 3.98) among women and 5.56% (5.12–6.03) among men. The mean (SD) number of cigarettes smoked per day among current cigarettes smokers was 11.4 (9.82): 5.9 (6.76) among women and 11.65 (9.87) among men. The mean (SD) monthly times of hookah use was 23.87 (44.95): 29.93 (48.26) among women and 19.02 (41.52) among men. The national all-ages prevalence of second-hand smoking at home was 24.65 (24.06–25.25): 27.39 (26.6-28.19) among women and 20.28 (19.4-21.18) among men. The national all-ages prevalence of second-hand smoking at work was 20.73% (20.11–21.36): 17.96% (17.21–18.73) among women and 25.15% (24.07–26.26) among men.

Conclusion

The tobacco consumption in Iran remains alarmingly high, indicating the current tobacco control policy implementation level is ineffective and insufficient. This calls for adopting, implementing, and enforcing comprehensive packages of evidence-based tobacco control policies.
Compound heterozygous mutations in the TPP1 gene causes the rare Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 : A case report and review
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Wang Xingchen , Jia Yuanyuan , Liu Ruihan , Xia Min , Nie Qiong , Kong Qingxia
Published: November 2022

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia type (SCA) type 7 is an inherited neurological disorder that can be inherited as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked, or mitochondrial. In clinical practice, the most common type of SCA7 is autosomal dominant, and the autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 7 (SCAR7) has been rarely reported. Here, we report the first case of SCAR7 from China with compound heterozygous missense mutations in the Tripeptidyl peptidase-I (TPP1) gene.
Case presentation: A 25-year-old female patient presented with difficulty in walking, easy falling, accompanied by limb shaking, unstable holding objects, slurred speech, choking and coughing when drinking water, palpitations, easy hunger, and hyper-eating without obvious causes 12 years ago. She was admitted to a tertiary general hospital for a cranial MRI examination, which showed cerebellar atrophy. The patient had dysarthria, and had horizontal nystagmus in both eyes for left vision. She was not stable and precise enough in the bilateral finger-nose test and heel and knee shin test and showed Romberg's sign (+). Wechsler Adult intelligence test suggested mild intelligence defect. Genetic testing showed that there were two compound heterozygous mutations in the TPP1 gene. The patient was diagnosed as SCAR7.
Conclusions: The results of autosome testing and sequencing showed that the SCAR7 case was caused by compound heterozygous mutations of the TPP1 gene (c.1468G>A p.Glu490Lys and c.1417G>A p.Gly473Ary). This mutation has not been reported in the Chinese population and is a rare novel mutation. This finding provides a new starting point for the study of the SCAR7 gene.
Constructing of a scientific fitness literacy evaluation model for adults
Authors: Zhang Yanfeng , Gao Yibo , Deng Pengyu , Wang Huan , Wu Dongming , Fu Jinmei , Zhang Fuhong , NAITO Hisashi , Lin Sen , Pan Xiang , Jiang Lupei , Zhao Shuangying , Zhang Aoyu , He Jin
Published: November 2022

COVID-19-associated lockdown has been implemented worldwide, potentially causing unfavorable changes in lifestyle and psychological health. Physical literacy, healthy diets, and lifestyles play important roles in mitigating the adverse effects. Therefore, this study aimed to enable individuals to understand their fitness literacy and establish a personalized exercise plan.
In this study, 903 adults aged 19－59 were surveyed based on the concept of scientific fitness literacy and the influencing factors in the context of the effective containment of COVID-19 before (2019) and during (2020) the pandemic. This study screened four factors from four dimensions–cognition, attitude, ability and skills, and behavior and habits–that can influence adults' scientific fitness literacy. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and AMOS software were used to construct an evaluation index system of scientific fitness literacy for adults.
The model consisting 10 items with 4 factors to evaluation index system has good overall fitness, reliability, convergent validity, differential validity, and model stability and was able to analyze the factors that affect the scientific fitness literacy of individuals from different perspectives. This allowed individuals at different stages to have a deeper understanding of scientific fitness literacy.
Factors affecting pharmacists’ capacity to deliver pharmacy service in community pharmacies using Zhengzhou, China, as an example
Authors: Meng Wenxin , Wang Yanan , Shen Jian , Yan Mingxun , Hu Yuanjia , Jiang Rong
Published: November 2022

Background
This paper analyzed the factors influencing capacity to deliver pharmacy service, which had great significance in improving pharmacy service level and promoting people’s drug safety. This paper aimed to explore the relationship between ability of pharmacy service and income, career prospects, job satisfaction, cumulative hours of continuing education, and awareness of the need for continuing education among pharmacists in Zhengzhou community pharmacy based on the principal component regression analysis.
Methods
Through the random sampling method, a total of 124 pharmacists participated in the questionnaire survey. Principal component analysis was used to eliminate the correlation between factors. Regression analysis was used to study the influencing relationship between capacity of pharmacy service and the related factors.
Results
This study extracted two principal components, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 56.604%. Further analysis revealed that cumulative hours of continuing education (0.1178), job satisfaction (0.0783), career prospects (0.042), awareness of the need for continuing education (0.0358), and income (0.0067) all had a positive impact on pharmacists’ abilities in pharmacy service. Among them, the degree of their influence gradually decreased.
Conclusion
To enhance pharmacists’ capacity to provide pharmacy service in community pharmacies, on the one hand, continuing education should be further strengthened to enhance pharmacists’ professionalism. On the other hand, the government should broaden their career prospects, improve their career treatment, and increase their job satisfaction, ultimately enhancing their capabilities to deliver pharmacy service.
Validation and Cultural Adaptation of a Greek Version of Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool 10 (Pedi – EAT – 10) in Greek-Cypriot Parents
Authors: Georgiou Rafaella , Papaleontiou Andri , Voniati Louiza , Siafaka Vasiliki , Ziavra Nafsika , Tafiadis Dionysios
Published: November 2022

Purpose:The Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool (Pedi - EAT - 10) is a clinical screening tool that has been designed to assess pediatric patients at risk of penetration and/or aspiration symptoms of dysphagia, reported by parents or caregivers. The aim of this study was to translate and validate Pedi-EAT-10 in Greek language and to correlate its results with the Penetration and Aspiration scale (PAS) and pharyngeal residue.
Methods: This study included sample of 222 parents or caregivers who have children with and without feeding and/or swallowing disorders. The children were randomly selected from cypriot public school, cypriot special public school, and the Speech, Language, and Hearing clinic of the European University of Cyprus; the children’s parents filled out the Pedi-EAΤ-10 questionnaire. For test-retest reliability, all participants administered the Pedi-EAT-10 again once more 2 weeks after the initial administration.
Results: Validity was established by comparing the scores of children with and without feeding and/or swallowing disorders. Internal consistency of Pedi-EAT-10 was high (Cronbach's alpha 0.801). The split-half reliability technique demonstrated very good Pedi-EAT-10 internal consistency (split-half reliability coefficient = 0.789). A test-retest reliability measure showed strong correlation (r= 0.998). The cut-off point of Pedi-EAT-10 total score and PAS scale was 11.00. Finally, Pedi-EAT-10 total score in predicting pharyngeal residue observed a cut-off of 8.00.
Conclusion:In conclusion, the Greek version of Pedi-EAT-10 is shown to be a clinically valid and reliable screening tool for the assessment of the pediatric population with a risk of dysphagia.
WITHDRAWN: SHOX variations in Idiopathic Short Stature in North India and its overall prevalence in Asia
Authors: Srivast Priyanka
Published: November 2022

Background
Short stature homeobox (SHOX) haploinsufficiency underlies idiopathic short stature (ISS) and Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis (LWD). The worldwide prevalence of SHOX variations in ISS varies from 2.5–15%. This study aims to assess the implication of SHOX variation in ISS in North India and its overall prevalence in Asian population.
Methods
SHOX gene analysis carried out by Multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA) followed by Sanger sequencing in 54 patients with variable phenotypes. Meta-analysis was done to evaluate its prevalence which comprises 11 previous studies including present, carried out on a total of 979 participants.
Results
SHOX gene analysis resulted in 12.9% of positivity (7.4% deletions and 5.5% duplications). SHOX association was seen significantly related to gender, with predominance in female sex (P-value: 0.047). Short arms and forearms were the only significantly associated trait seen in 51.85% of children. We have found a rare association of multiple exostosis with LWD in a child with deletion. The prevalence of SHOX variation came as 15.2% in Asians. No significant difference was found in geographical region-specific analysis.
Conclusion
This meta-analysis compiles findings from the last decade and provides an updated picture of the prevalence of SHOX variations in Asians, emphasizing their potential as therapeutic targets in ISS patients.
Synthesis of ZnxNi1-xFe2O4, MnxNi1-xFe2O4, MgxNi1-xFe2O4, CuxNi1-xFe2O4 and CaxNi1-xFe2O4 via co-precipitation method and their application for treatment of textile wastewater
Authors: Fatima Laiba , Munir Ruba , Noreen Saima , Ali Khuram
Published: November 2022

The discharge of synthetic dyes imparting serious consequences on life. Therefore, an environment-friendly co-precipitation method was utilized to prepare the nanocomposites of doped Nickel ferrite as novel adsorbents for eradication of DB-199 dye. The maximum pH for synthesized ZnxNi1-xFe2O4, MnxNi1-xFe2O4, MgxNi1-xFe2O4, CuxNi1-xFe2O4 and CaxNi1-xFe2O4 were reported to be 2 and 3 with 0.05 g/50 mL maximum adsorbent dosage of synthesized doped Nickel ferrite respectively. The optimum contact time was found at 60 min and 45 min. The maximum initial concentration of DB-199 Dye and the respective adsorption capacity for ZnxNi1-xFe2O4, MnxNi1-xFe2O4, MgxNi1-xFe2O4, CuxNi1-xFe2O4, and CaxNi1-xFe2O4 was found 50 mg L1- (33.169 mg g1-), 75 mg L1- (48.610 mg g1-), 75 mg L1- (46.657 mg g1-), 50 mg L1- (31.150 mg g1-) and 75 mg L1- (44.840 mg g1-) were acquired. All the adsorbents ZnxNi1-xFe2O4, MnxNi1-xFe2O4, MgxNi1-xFe2O4, CuxNi1-xFe2O4, and CaxNi1-xFe2O4 showed their optimum absorption 32.833 mg g1-, 38.892 mg g1-, 36.939 mg g1-, 30.880 mg g1- and 34.852 mg g1- respectively at 30 ºC. Among the applied Kinetics models, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order while isotherm models, Langmuir and D-R models showed satisfactory fitness. The adsorption process for doped nickel ferrite nanoparticles was found to be exothermic in nature.
Effect of basic amino acid pretreatment on the quality of canned Antarctic krill
Authors: Sun Peizi , Zhang Xuedi , Ren Xiang , Cao Zhiqi , Zhao Yanfen , Man Hao , Li Dongmei
Published: November 2022

Antarctic krill (Euphausia Superba) has a high nutritional value; however, due to its autolysis characteristics and easy deterioration characteristics after heating, which leads to difficulties in processing, canned Antarctic krill is one of the few products that exist. However, canned Antarctic krill have a rough taste, high hardness, and poor palatability. Therefore, there is a need to improve its quality. In recent years, the good performance of basic amino acids as a Phosphate-free additives in improving the product quality of foods has indicated their broad application prospect. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of basic amino acid (L-arginine (Arg), L-lysine (Lys), and L-histidine (His)) pretreatment on enhancing the quality of canned Antarctic krill. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance, magnetic resonance imaging, and textural profile analyses, color, scanning electron microscopy, thiobarbituric acid reaction substances (TBARS), pH, and sensory evaluation were used to determine the indices of krill meat at different pretreatment conditions and processing stages. The results showed that compared to the sodium tripolyphosphate pretreatment group, krill meat pretreated with Lys had a larger peak area of immobile water, higher pseudo-color image brightness after sterilization of krill meat, a more complete microstructure network. Additionally, it had the best water-holding capacity, lower hardness and TBARS values, and significantly higher a* values, indicating that Lys effectively improved the texture and color of krill, protecting the microstructure, and reducing the degree of oxidation. Sensory evaluation results showed that the Lys-treated canned Antarctic krill had a better flavor and texture compared to other canned products. The results of this study suggest that Lys can provide a regulatory strategy for effectively enhancing the quality of canned Antarctic krill.
Impacts of Climate Change Impacts on the Biogeography of three Amnesic Shellfish Toxin-producing Diatom species
Authors: Borges Francisco O. , Lopes Vanessa M. , Santos Catarina Frazão , Costa Pedro Reis , Rosa Rui
Published: November 2022

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are considered one of the main risks for marine ecosystems and human health worldwide. Climate change is projected to induce significant changes to species geographic distribution, and, in this sense, it is paramount to accurately predict how it will affect toxin-producing microalgae. In this context, the present study intends to project the potential biogeographical changes in habitat suitability and occurrence distribution of three key amnesic shellfish toxin (AST)-producing diatom species (i.e., Pseudo-nitzschia australis, P. seriata, and P. fraudulenta) under four different climate change scenarios (i.e., RCP-2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5) and up to 2050 and 2100. For this purpose, we applied species distribution models (SDMs) using four abiotic predictors (i.e., sea surface temperature, salinity, current velocity, and bathymetry), in a MaxEnt framework. Overall, considerable contraction and potential extirpation was projected for all species at lower latitudes, together with projected poleward expansions into higher latitudes, mainly in the northern hemisphere. The present study aims to contribute to further the knowledge on the impacts of climate change on the biogeography of toxin-producing microalgae species, while at the same time advising towards the correct environmental management of coastal habitats and ecosystems.
FOEH: Frequent Pattern Mining Performance Optimization over Large Transactional Data in Extended Hadoop MapReduce
Authors: S Guru Prasad M , N Naveen Kumar H , Shah Mohd Asif , K Raju , K Santhosh Kumar D , S Chandrappa
Published: November 2022

Frequent item mining is a process wherein we extract or mine frequent itemsets from a given input dataset. Apriori algorithms and FP-growth algorithms are two types of common pattern mining algorithms. Traditional implementations of such frequent item mining algorithms tend to be inefficient when it comes to mining frequent item sets over large transactional datasets, owing to the fact that they consume a greater amount of time in performing the same. In order to tackle the issues mentioned, large transaction datasets using the extended Hadoop MapReduce Framework are considered. On the same, a novel distributed, parallel processing, frequent item mining algorithm is integrated. The analysis of the performance of the implemented algorithm proves that the performance of frequent item analysis in relation to data uploading time, HDFS disk utilization, and data processing time has improved drastically.
Identification of Iron Metabolism-Related Gene Signatures for Predicting the Prognosis of Patients with Skin Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Guo Yuchen , Song Chuanjun , Zhang Lianghui , Han Zhihang , Zhu Lingjun
Published: November 2022

Background
Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is an aggressive form of skin cancer with an elevated risk of metastasis and high mortality rates. Current immunotherapies represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), such as anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/L1, have achieved remarkable durable responses in SKCM treatment. Recent studies have highlighted the biological significance of iron metabolism modification in tumorigenicity and progression. However, there has been insufficient evidence to reveal the prognostic value of iron metabolism-related genes (IMRGs) in SKCM and its relationship with the immune microenvironment and the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Methods
In this study, we curated 85 iron metabolism-related genes and performed unsupervised consensus analysis to identify iron metabolism modification patterns and the IMRG signature in SKCM. We used the ssGSEA algorithms to quantify the infiltration levels of various immune cells. An IMRG scoring scheme based on the PCA algorithm was used to evaluate the iron metabolism modification patterns of individual tumors.
Results
We identified three distinct iron metabolism modification patterns among 685 SKCM samples, which were associated with different prognoses and biological pathways. Meanwhile, three distinct iron metabolism modification patterns of SKCM had different immune cell infiltration. Based on the IMRG score, SKCM patients can be divided into high and low score subgroups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the IMRG score was an independent prognostic indicator. It was concluded that patients with lower IMRG scores had prolonged survival time. We further proved that a lower IMRG score was correlated with PD-L1, PD-1, CTLA4 expression, and better immune responses.
Conclusions
Our study highlights that iron metabolism is significantly associated with prognosis and immune cell infiltration. What’s more, this analysis of different IMRG patterns in SKCM patients contributed to a deeper understanding of TME and provided new perspectives for predicting prognosis and designing individualized immunotherapy strategies for SKCM patients.
Investing in student wellbeing: A design-based educational research approach to develop a longitudinal proactive program to improve wellbeing of medical students
Authors: Hameleers Ron J.M.G. , Terlouw A. Jasmijn , Laan Roland F.J.M. , de Pol Marjolein H.J. van
Published: November 2022

Background
Many medical students suffer from psychosocial distress and mental health problems, raising concerns about their sustainable employability and subjective wellbeing. Therefore, our faculty decided to design a wellbeing program building on the paradigm that in order to sustainably take care of others and deliver high-quality and safe patient care, (future) health professionals should take care of their own wellbeing first. The aim of our research was to design a theory-informed program on student wellbeing allowing students to acquire skills in this regard. In this paper, we describe the iterative design process and the results of our longitudinal proactive wellbeing program.
Methods
We conducted an educational design approach in four phases to construct the program in order to simultaneously gain new insights and develop practical solutions. We implemented the phases of educational design research over the course of two academic years. Phase 1 consisted of a review of the literature and a context and needs analysis in order to draft design principles and requirements. Phase 2 consisted of the cyclical and iterative process of design, construction and interim evaluation and adjustments of the wellbeing program (WB-program). In phase 3, evaluation and reflection, the program was implemented and evaluated. Phase 4 consisted of ongoing maturation and theoretical understanding of the program.
Results
With our educational design-based approach to construct a WB-program, we were able to design, construct and evaluate an evidence-informed longitudinal proactive wellbeing program for all bachelor of medicine students at our faculty. The most noteworthy result thus far is that students who are exposed to a longitudinal program with recurring attention on improving and maintaining wellbeing learn to value the importance of self-care and wellbeing and develop skills in this regard.
Conclusion
Taken together, our study suggests that it is possible to integrate wellbeing in a core undergraduate curriculum on a large scale. We therefore consider the results of this educational design-based development of our WB-program as a proof of concept for a longitudinal integrated program to support student wellbeing.
In silico molecular docking and ADMET properties of prunetin compounds for diabetic nephropathy effect
Authors: Samy Jose Vinoth Raja Antony , Natesan Vijayakumar
Published: November 2022

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major long term hurdles of diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes affects 30% of individuals while type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects 40% of individuals. DM is now used in a greater number of anti-diabetic medications, but there are a number of disadvantages, including drug resistance, decreased effectiveness, negative effects, and even toxicity. The anti-diabetic alternative medications for isoflavnoid compounds are used for the treatment of diseases and disorders with their fewer side effects, easy availability, and low cost. Hence, the present study was Prunetin (PRU) an methoxyflavonoids from the isoflavone family. In this compound has been used for in silico screening for diabetic nephropathy potential, were performed with four target proteins: insulin degrading enzyme (IDE), glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), and glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GFPT). ChemSpider and NCBI PubChem databases software were used for ligand preparation in a molecular docking study. In silico druglikeness, ADME, and toxicity studies prediction of PRU using the Swiss ADME server and ProTox-II web server. Molecular docking studies for targeted proteins with drug candidates that have inhibitory action by minimum binding energy and affinity score. Hence the research suggested that PRU could be a potential diabetic nephropathy drug.
Salivary Alpha-Amylase (sAA) Concentration Related to Fatigue Biomarkers in Palm Oil Offiffice Workers in Jambi Province: Preliminary Study
Authors: Kusmawan David
Published: November 2022

Background
The use of Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) has the potential as a biological sign of work-related fatigue caused by stress and mental workload. This study aimed to determine the levels of sAA and the factors that influence it.
Methods
This study used a cross-sectional design with a sample of 40 office staff respondents at PT XYZ (Persero). Measurements were made to determine work-related fatigue, mental workload, and sleep quality. Meanwhile, the measurement of basic sAA levels was carried out using the sandwich ELISA method using the Bioenzy® Kit Assay.
Results
Results of the descriptive analysis showed that workers were dominated by men by 75% with high education level and marital status of 72.5%. Mental Workload Scoring with NASA-TLX shows an average score of 70.91 which is categorized as high workload. Analysis with Pearson correlation showed that the variables of work-related fatigue and sleep quality were significantly correlated with sAA concentration. The final model showed that the work-related fatigue variable indicated that for each one-unit increase in work-related fatigue, the sAA (U/mL) concentration will increase by 15.901 (U/mL). While the sleep quality variable showed the result that for every unit increase in sleep quality, the sAA concentration will decrease by 13.38 (U/mL).
Conclusion
sAA concentration can be used as a potential candidate for biological markers related to sleep quality and work-related fatigue
New technological trajectories to reduce fossil-fuel pollution and support sustainable socioeconomic systems
Authors: Coccia Mario
Published: November 2022

One of the fundamental problems in modern economies is high carbon emissions and diffusion of pollutants from industrial activities focused on fossil-based energy that generate detrimental effects on climate, environment and human population. The goal of this study is to analyze new trajectories of technologies that can reduce, whenever possible, environmental degradation and support a sustainable growth. A model of technological evolution is proposed to detect new technological trajectories directed to sustainability. Results reveal that technologies with a high sustainability perspective for reducing environmental pollution and climate change are: offshore wind turbines, carbon capture storage technology associated with renewable energy, cellular agriculture and blockchain technology directed positive environmental impact. Findings here can sustain decision making of policymakers towards investment in promising technological directions that reduce environmental pollution and sustain ecological transition and sustainable development in human society.
Analysis of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Expression and Amplification in Cholangiocarcinoma and Correlation with Histological Types
Authors: Costa Vanesse Maria , Soares Ibere Cauduro , Pereira Marina Alessandra , Souza Nathalia Caroline Santiago e , Assato Aline Kawassaki , Jukemura José , Jureidini Ricardo , Alves Venâncio Avancini Ferreira , Mello Evandro Sobroza
Published: November 2022

Evaluate expression and amplification of EGFR in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and correlate with the different histological types. 74 patients with CCA from 1992 to 2017 were evaluated. Cases were classified in large duct subtype (DL), cholangiolocarcinoma (CLC), intermediate cell carcinoma (ICC) and papillary (LP).The immunohistochemistry (IHQ) was conducted in 71 cases and the amplification of EGFR was using the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in 48 cases. From the 74 patients, most lesions affected the perihilar topography (54%, 40/74), extrahepatic portion (27%, 20/74) and the least frequent was the intrahepatic (19%, 14/74). Periductal infiltrative macroscopic growth patterns 60.9% (45/74) and the mass forming 33.7% (25/74) were the predominant, intraductal pattern 5.4% (4/74) lower frequency. The DL subtype was the most frequent (66.2%, 49/74), followed by the CLC (21.7%, 16/74). The LP (8.1%, 6/74) and the ICC (4.0%, 3/74) had a lower frequency. In the IHQ, EGFR showed positivity in 80.2% (57/71), presenting moderate intensity 2+ in 55.0% (39/71) of the cases and strong intensity 3+ in 25.3% (18/71), 14 were detected as negative 19.8%. The FISH, of the 48 cases, 10.5% (5/48) were amplified by the gain in the number of copies of the EGFR gene and 89.5% (43/48) were considered negative. The amplified cases were distributed in 12.5% (4/32) of the DL subtype and 12.5% (1/8) of the CLC subtype. The IHQ expression of EGFR in the tumor is high in all histological subtypes of CCA. EGFR amplification occurred in a small portion of the DL and CLC subtypes.
Motive des Fahrens ohne (gültigen) Fahrschein
Authors: Schwerdtfeger Stefanie , Wilde Mathias , Lanzendorf Martin
Published: November 2022

Das Fahren ohne (gültigen) Fahrschein im ÖPNV ist bereits seit den 1960er Jahren ein Problem zahlreicher Verkehrsunternehmen. Auch für die ÖPNV-Nutzenden stellt es ein Problem dar, da Personen, die den ÖPNV ohne (gültiges) Ticket nutzen in Deutschland eine Straftat begehen. In der Wissenschaft wurde das Thema aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven heraus untersucht (v.a. Rechtswissenschaften, Betriebswirtschaften, Kriminologie sowie einige sozialwissenschaftliche Ansätze), jedoch konzentriert sich die Forschung vorrangig auf sozio-demographische Charakteristika, Marktsegmentierungen und die Folgen des Fahrens ohne (gültigen) Fahrschein für Verkehrsunternehmen und -verbünde. Die Motive und Beweggründe des Fahrens ohne (gültigen) Fahrschein werden in den vorhandenen Studien lediglich objektiv betrachtet. Das Arbeitspapier zeigt die Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung der Motive des Fahrens ohne (gültigen) Fahrschein im Bediengebiet des Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbundes (RMV), die mithilfe von qualitativen Interviews mit Personen, die bei einer Fahrkartenkontrolle kein (gültiges) Ticket vorzeigen konnten, exploriert wurden.
Socio-cultural and Gender Impacts on Resilience Access to and Utilization of Contraceptives Service during Covid-19 Pandemic by Women of Reproductive Age in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Oyewo Esther
Published: November 2022

Cultural and gender factors are a major obstacles to informed discussions about sexual and reproductive health issues, particularly regarding contraception. This paper presents the findings of a cross-sectional quantitative study exploring socio-cultural and gender impacts on resilience access to and utilization of contraceptives service during the Covid-19 Pandemic by women of reproductive age in Oyo state, Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 471 users of Maternal New-borne and Child Health (MNCH) services such as postnatal and family planning that responded to 43 structured questionnaires that included socio-demographical characteristics, access, and utilization, socio-cultural and gender factors amidst Covid-19 pandemics. Of the 471 respondents, the mean age of respondents was 29.63± 3.29years, with (34.2%) within the 26-30 years age group. The findings show that of the total respondents, 59.4% required permission/consent to use contraceptive services, of which 96.1% mentioned spouses must give consent/approval for them to visit health facilities for contraceptive use. On the way that their spouses do influence, 43.5% mentioned cost, choice of methods 41.6%, and timing by 14.4%. On the respondents’ concerns/issues as a result of poor access to contraceptive information/services; 10.8% expressed unplanned pregnancy, fighting with spouses (11.3%), and poor mutual sexual relationships by 12.3% and experienced side effects by just 1.1%, while the rest 64.5% expressed no concerns/issues. Other societal influences mentioned included friends/relations, in-laws, clergy, and social class/group. The socio-cultural and gender effect included strict caution/disapproval by spouses (7.0%), carefree attitudes in society (4.0%), and fear of Covid-19 infection by 19.7%. Chi-square analysis for gender and socio-cultural revealed p=0.008 and p=0.002 on access and utilization of contraceptive services. The study therefore provides insight to the socio-cultural and gender impacts on women’s s health decision-making. This is important for public health programme designs, even in the face of any pandemic like Covid-19, towards resilience access and service utilization of contraceptive services. Keywords: Access and utilization, Contraceptives, Covid-19, Gender, Socio-cultural.
Impact of Awareness Programme on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Covid-19 Digital Apps among Health Workers
Authors: Sakthivel Rajathi
Published: November 2022

Digital applications, which can be easily accessible through android mobiles or tablets, were highly helpful for the front-line Covid workers. Numerous Digital applications were developed during the Covid pandemic, which helped in contact tracing, consultations, vaccine registration, and other related information specifically for Covid-19. Health workers in the Urban Primary Health Centres were the gross root health care workers who were frequently utilised in the Covid relief work. The objectives of the study were to assess the Pre & Post-test level of Knowledge and attitude on digital applications (Covid-19) among health workers, to assess the impact of the awareness programme on Covid 19 digital applications, to find the correlation between the level of Knowledge and attitude on digital application (Covid-19) A quantitative research approach of pre-experimental one group pre & post-test design was adopted. 30 Health workers from Urban Primary Health Centres, Chennai, were selected through a non-probability convenient sampling technique. The Knowledge was assessed through a structured questionnaire & attitude was assessed through a 5-point Likert scale developed by the investigators. The study presented 7.4 & 0.9 as the mean difference for Knowledge & attitude, respectively and found significance at p ≤ 0. 05. There was a positive correlation between Knowledge and attitude with ‘r’ value of 0.06 and found significant relation at p ≤ 0.01. The awareness programme developed was found effective among the health workers, and they could utilise the digital applications without doubt and hesitancy after the awareness programme developed by investigators. Keywords: Attitude, Awareness program, Covid 19, Digital apps, Health workers, Knowledge, Primary health centres.