bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards the possibility to combine LOFAR and GNSS measurements to sense ionospheric irregularities
Authors: Flisek Paweł , Forte Biagio , Fallows Richard , Kotulak Kacper , Krankowski Andrzej , Bisi Mario , Mevius Maaijke , Froń Adam , Tiburzi Caterina , Soida Marian , Śmierciak Bartosz , Grzesiak Marcin , Matyjasiak Barbara , Pożoga Mariusz , Dąbrowski Bartosz , Mann Gottfried , Vocks Christian , Zucca Pietro , Błaszkiewicz Leszek
Published: August 2023

Inhomogeneities within the ionospheric plasma density affect trans-ionospheric radio signals, causing radio wave scintillation in the amplitude and phase of the signals. The amount of scintillation induced by ionospheric irregularities typically decreases with the radio wave frequency. As the ionosphere affects a variety of technological systems (e.g., civil aviation, financial operations) as well as low-frequency radio astronomy observations, it is important to detect and monitor ionospheric effects with higher accuracy than currently available. Here, a novel methodology for the detection and characterization of ionospheric irregularities is established on the basis of LOFAR (Low-Frequency Array) scintillation measurements at Very High Frequency (VHF) that take into account the lack of ergodicity in the intensity fluctuations induced by scintillation. The methodology estimates the S4 scintillation index originating from irregularities with spatial scales in the inertial sub-range of electron density fluctuations in the ionosphere. The methodology is illustrated by means of observations that were collected through the Polish LOFAR stations located in Bałdy, Borowiec and Łazy: its validation was carried out by comparing LOFAR VHF scintillation observations with independent Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) observations that were collected through a high-rate receiver located near the LOFAR station in Bałdy as well as through geodetic receivers from the Polish ASG-EUPOS network. Two case studies are presented: 31 March 2017 and 28 September 2017. The comparison between LOFAR S4 observations and independent ionospheric measurements of both scintillation and rate of change of Total Electron Content (TEC) from GNSS reveals that the sensitivity of LOFAR and GNSS to ionospheric structures is different as a consequence of the frequency dependency of radio wave scintillation. Furthermore, it can be noticed that observations of LOFAR VHF scintillation can be utilised to detect plasma structures forming in the mid-latitude ionosphere, including electron density gradients occurring over spatial scales that are not necessarily detected through traditional GNSS measurements: the detection of all spatial scales is important for correct monitoring and modelling of ionospheric processes. Hence, the different sensitivity of LOFAR to ionospheric structures, in addition to traditional GNSS ionospheric measurements, allows us to expand the knowledge of ionospheric processes.
Rehabilitation bei Post-COVID und Fatigue
Authors: Kupferschmitt Alexa , Kleinschmidt Judit , Köllner Volker
Published: August 2023

Folgeerkrankungen von COVID-19 stellen nach wie vor eine Herausforderung dar. Selbst wenn nur 2 % der akut Infizierten ein klinisch relevantes Post-COVID-Syndrom entwickeln, ist von etwa einer Mio Betroffenen auszugehen. Fatigue ist eines der häufigsten Symptome des Post-COVID-Syndroms. Aufgrund seiner gesundheitlichen, gesellschaftlichen und ökonomischen Bedeutsamkeit müssen effektive Behandlungs- und Rehabilitationsangebote etabliert werden.
Ambulante Gruppentherapie für Patient*innen mit Post-COVID-Syndrom
Authors: Zimmermann-Schlegel Verena , Gronewold Nadine
Published: August 2023

Anhaltende Beschwerden nach SARS-CoV-2 Infektion sind häufig, psychosozial meist sehr beeinträchtigend und gesamtgesellschaftlich von Bedeutung. Da bislang kein kausaler Therapieansatz zur Verfügung steht, ist die Etablierung symptomorientierter und supportiver therapeutischer Angebote notwendig. Ein ambulantes gruppentherapeutisches Behandlungskonzept für Patient*innen mit Post-COVID-Syndrom wird hier vorgestellt.
Molekulare Diagnostik und Therapie des Differenzierten Schilddrüsenkarzinoms
Authors: Ruf Juri , von Daak Frederik , Dierks Christine
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassend ergeben sich somit eine Vielzahl an Therapiemöglichkeiten für
radiojodrefraktäre differenzierte Schilddrüsenkarzinome (Abb. 1). Primär kann durch eine gezielte Redifferenzierungstherapie eine erneute
Radiojodtherapie ermöglicht werden. Des Weiteren stehen mit Sorafenib und Lenvatinib in der
Erstlinie der medikamentösen Systemtherapien 2 effektive VEGFR-Inhibitoren zur Verfügung.
Lenvatinib wird hierbei als wirksamer angesehen. Bei Versagen von Sorafenib ist der Wechsel
auf den noch breiter wirksamen VEGFR/FGFR-Inhibitor Lenvatinib sinnvoll. Bei Progress auf
Lenvatinib ist eine molekulare Diagnostik mittels frischer Biopsie notwendig, um spezifische,
medikamentös angehbare Läsionen wie BRAF-V600E-, RET- und NTRK-Fusionen zu identifizieren und
mittels spezifischer Inhibitoren zu blockieren. Bei Fehlen spezifischer Treibermutationen
stehen als Salvage-Therapien Cabozantinib oder die Hinzunahme eines Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitors
zur Verfügung.
Schilddrüsenfunktionsstörungen im Alter
Authors: Iwen Alexander
Published: August 2023

Schilddrüsenfunktionsstörungen sind verbreitete Erkrankungen, mit der hohen
Lebenserwartung in Europa steigt auch die Anzahl älterer Patienten. Die Physiologie der
Schilddrüsenhormone und deren Regulation verändert sich mit zunehmendem Alter, hierbei ist die
Veränderung der Thyreoidea-stimulierendes Hormon (TSH)-Sekretion die klinisch relevanteste,
gleichzeitig werden nicht in allen Laboren altersabhängige Referenzbereiche angegeben. Ältere
Patienten haben auch öfter Begleiterkrankungen und Schilddrüsenfehlfunktionen haben einen
negativen Einfluss aus diese, insbesondere auf kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen. Während es klare
Indikationen für die Behandlung manifester Hyperthyreosen und Hypothyreosen gibt, werden bei latenten Schilddrüsendysfunktionen altersabhängige Behandlungsempfehlungen gegeben. Die
European Thyroid Association rät bei Patienten die älter als 65 Jahre sind und an einer
latenten Hyperthreose leiden zu einem TSH-Spiegel von 0,1mU/l als Grenzwert: Bei einem
TSH-Wert <0,1mU/l besteht eine eindeutige Indikation für eine Therapie, bei einer
TSH-Konzentration >0,1mU/l wird eine relative Therapieindikation gesehen. Patienten über 65
Jahre mit einer latenten Hypothyreose und einem TSH-Wert >10mU/l sollten therapiert werden,
insbesondere wenn sie kardiovaskuläre Begleiterkrankungen haben. Die Therapie muss bei diesen
Patienten gut überwacht werden, da eine Levothyroxin-Überdosierung ebenfalls schädlich ist.
Bei Patienten mit einer latenten Hypothyreose und einem TSH-Wert zwischen 7 und 10mU/l gibt es
hingegen keine eindeutige Indikation für eine Therapie mit Levothyroxin, weil eine solche
Therapie weder positive Effekte auf Mortalität und Morbidität noch auf die Lebensqualität hat.
Electronic Health Record Adolescent Confidentiality in a Safety Net Setting
Authors: You Jacqueline Guan-Ting , Potter Julia Esther , Mishuris Rebecca Grochow
Published: August 2023

Background The 21st Century Cures Act provides improved access to one's medical record but presents new challenges to adolescent confidentiality in the domain of health care information technology. Adolescent patients, who have the right to confidential care in certain areas as dictated by state law, face the prospect of parents and guardians erroneously accessing their confidential health information.

Objectives Our institution, the largest safety net hospital in our region, sought to quantify the proportion of adolescent patient portal accounts likely being accessed by guardians and to implement corrective measures for the patient portal sign-up process in our electronic health record (EHR) system.

Methods We manually reviewed our institution's adolescent patient portal accounts based on email addresses associated with adolescents' accounts. We implemented EHR changes to address the potential for breach of confidentiality as a result of adolescent patient portal account creation by guardians. One intervention was creating a “guardrail rule” to prevent guardians from creating adolescent patient portal accounts with their own email addresses. After email reminders to adolescent patients to update their accounts, we deactivated accounts with concern for erroneous guardian access.

Results Sixty percent of our institution's adolescent patient portal accounts had possible direct access by guardians. Following requests to update account access, 425 (18.8%) of accounts had email addresses updated by adolescent patients and 1,830 (81.2%) accounts were deactivated.

Conclusion More nuanced EHR functionality for adolescent patients and their guardians can help health care systems provide confidential, patient-centered care for adolescents, while allowing guardians to access appropriate health information to facilitate care. There is an opportunity for a national consensus on how adolescents and their guardians can access health information by patient portal.
Safety and Pitfalls of Blepharoptosis Surgery in Elderly People
Authors: Shirakawa Yuji , Uemura Kazuhisa , Kumegawa Shinji , Ueno Kazuki , Iwanishi Hiroki , Saika Shizuya , Asamura Shinichi
Published: August 2023

Background Elderly patients often have complications of blepharoptosis surgery that can result in the appearance or exacerbation of superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK). However, postoperative changes to SPK status have not been previously reported. We used subjective assessment of symptoms and measurement of SPK scale classification to investigate the safety and efficacy of blepharoptosis surgery in elderly patients.

Methods Included in this prospective study were 22 patients (44 eyes) with bilateral blepharoptosis that underwent surgery. Patients comprised 8 males and 14 females with a mean (±standard deviation) age of 75.7 ± 8.2 years (range: 61–89). Blepharoptosis surgery consisted of transcutaneous levator advancement and blepharoplasty including resection of soft tissue (skin, subcutaneous tissue, and the orbicularis oculi muscle). Margin reflex distance-1 (MRD-1) measurement, a questionnaire survey of symptoms and SPK scale classification, was administered preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively for evaluation.

Results The median MRD-1 was 1 mm preoperatively and 2.5 mm postoperatively, representing a significant postoperative improvement. SPK area and density scores were found to increase when the MRD-1 increase was more than 2.5 mm with surgery. All 10 items on the questionnaire tended have increased scores after surgery, and significant differences were observed in 7 items (poor visibility, ocular fatigue, heavy eyelid, foreign body sensation, difficulty in focusing, headaches, and stiff shoulders).

Conclusion Blepharoptosis surgery was found to be a safe and effective way to maintain the increase in MRD-1 within 2.0 mm. Despite the benefits, surgeons must nonetheless be aware that blepharoptosis surgery is a delicate procedure in elderly people.
Alcohol-Related Liver Disease: Is There a Safe Alcohol Consumption Limit for Liver Disease?
Authors: Pekarska Katrina , Parker Richard
Published: August 2023

This review is to evaluate how much alcohol is safe in the context of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). In patients without an established diagnosis of ALD consuming alcohol at quantities below 12 to 20 g daily with alcohol-free days is associated with a very low risk of developing disease. This risk is mediated by the presence of cofactors such as sex, medical comorbidity, obesity, and genetic factors. A threshold effect below which liver disease will not occur is not seen, instead a dose–response relationship where risk ranges from low to high. Once ALD is present, natural history studies confirm that continued alcohol consumption is clearly associated with an increased risk of ill health and premature death. In conclusion, low-level alcohol consumption in the absence of liver disease is associated with a very small risk of developing ALD, but once ALD is present patients should be supported to achieve complete abstinence from alcohol.
Release of Severe Postburn Neck Contractures Under Local Anaesthesia and Ketamine
Authors: Dalal M D , Daver B M , Dalal S P
Published: August 2023

Seventeen severe postburn neck contractures were released under local infiltration anaesthesia and intravenous ketamine and split skin grafted. This anaesthetic technique obviates the need for endotracheal intubation which is difficult in such patients. Anaesthesia was sufficient for the procedure, blood loss was minimal and there was no graft loss. One patient had emergence phenomenon and there were no other complications attributable to the procedure.
Deep focus light-field camera for handheld 3D intraoral scanning using crosstalk-free solid immersion microlens arrays
Authors: Kwon Jae-Myeong , Bae Sang-In , Kim Taehan , Kim Jeong Kun , Jeong Ki-Hun
Published: August 2023

3D in vivo imaging techniques facilitate disease tracking and treatment, but bulky configurations and motion artifacts limit practical clinical applications. Compact light-field cameras with microlens arrays offer a feasible option for rapid volumetric imaging, yet their utilization in clinical practice necessitates an increased depth-of-field for handheld operation. Here, we report deep focus light-field camera (DF-LFC) with crosstalk-free solid immersion microlens arrays (siMLAs), allowing large depth-of-field and high-resolution imaging for handheld 3D intraoral scanning. The siMLAs consist of thin PDMS-coated microlens arrays and a metal–insulator–metal absorber to extend the focal length with low optical crosstalk and specular reflection. The experimental results show that the immersion of MLAs in PDMS increases the focal length by a factor of 2.7 and the transmittance by 5.6%–27%. Unlike conventional MLAs, the siMLAs exhibit exceptionally high f-numbers up to f/6, resulting in a large depth-of-field for light-field imaging. The siMLAs were fully integrated into an intraoral scanner to reconstruct a 3D dental phantom with a distance measurement error of 82 ± 41 μm during handheld operation. The DF-LFC offers a new direction not only for digital dental impressions with high accuracy, simplified workflow, reduced waste, and digital compatibility but also for assorted clinical endoscopy and microscopy.
Adaptive backstepping fuzzy synchronization control of fractional-order chaotic systems with input saturation and external disturbances
Authors: Lin Ming , Zhang Xiulan , Qiu Huiming
Published: August 2023

In this paper, an adaptive backstepping command filtered controller is proposed for a class of uncertain strict feedback fractional-order chaotic systems with input saturation and external disturbances. A command filter is designed to avoid the “explosion of complexity” problem in the conventional backstepping technique. To tackle with filter error and improve synchronization accuracy, a compensation mechanism is provided. Meanwhile, fuzzy logic systems are utilized to approximate unknown functions, and disturbance observers are constructed to reduce the impact of unknown disturbances. In particular, to reduce the chattering phenomenon, a smooth function rather than the sign function is used in the controller design, and the stability of the closed-loop system can be guaranteed by the proposed synchronization controller. A simulation study is provided to confirm the practicality and validity of the proposed method.
Contactless measurement of minority carrier lifetime and background carrier concentration in unintentionally doped GaAsSb for short-wave infrared detection
Authors: Arquitola A. M. , Lee S. , Jung H. , Nooman N. , Krishna S.
Published: August 2023

Transient microwave reflectance (TMR) measurements are used to characterize the minority carrier lifetime and background carrier concentration of unintentionally doped (UID) Ga0.5As0.5Sb lattice matched to InP at room temperature. A p-i-n sample is measured, with UID GaAsSb as the intrinsic absorber. In addition to UID GaAsSb, we determine the minority carrier lifetime and doping concentration of a buried doped n+ GaAsSb layer. The measured minority carrier lifetimes are 20.5 ± 6.3 and 0.56 ± 0.23 µs for UID and doped GaAsSb, respectively, and comparable to that of lattice matched InGaAs. For both layers, the dominant recombination mechanisms are Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) and Auger mechanisms. The measured background carrier concentrations are in good agreement with capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurements, with n0 = 1.81 ± 0.61 × 1015 cm−3 by TMR and n0 = 1.5 × 1015 cm−3 by C–V measurements for the UID layer and ND = 5.18 ± 1.42 × 1017 cm−3 by TMR and ND = 3–4 × 1017 cm−3 by C–V measurements for the doped layer. An absorber-only structure was also measured, and we report the SRH lifetime, radiative coefficient, and Auger coefficient for this sample.
Solid solution softening or hardening induced by minor substitutional additions in a Hf20Nb31Ta31Ti18 refractory high entropy alloy
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Jin Lu , Mao Huahai , Murakami Hideyuki , Guo Sheng
Published: August 2023

The effect of minor additions of substitutional elements such as Al, Cu, Mn, and Fe on the room-temperature (RT) and elevated-temperature hardness of a single bcc phase Hf20Nb31Ta31Ti18 refractory high entropy alloy is studied here. Interestingly, 2.5 at. % nominal addition of Fe hardened the base Hf20Nb31Ta31Ti18 alloy in the temperature range from RT to 800 °C, while the same nominal content of addition of Al, Cu, and Mn softened the base alloy from RT to 1000 °C. Regardless of solid solution hardening or solid solution softening, the hardness variation with temperature essentially showed the same three-stage pattern for all studied alloys here: a temperature-dependent decrease in hardness below 300 °C/400 °C, followed by a temperature-independent hardness plateau between 300/400 and 800 °C, and finally a temperature-dependent decrease in hardness at temperatures higher than 800 °C. The mechanism for solid solution hardening or softening in bcc-structured refractory high entropy alloys is discussed, together with their temperature dependence.
Comparison of patient responses to telehealth satisfaction surveys in rural and urban populations in Queensland
Authors: Greenup Edwin Phillip , Best Daniel
Published: August 2023

Objective Telehealth has for many years been identified as a potential contributor to reducing healthcare access inequality. For these benefits to be realised, patients must be accepting and satisfied with the delivery of healthcare in this manner. Measuring patient satisfaction across a large geographical area is important to ensure that investments in telehealth are delivering the benefits that are intended. Methods A brief survey was automatically issued on completion of a patient’s telehealth appointment, requesting patient feedback on their experience and information on the location of where they participated in the appointment. These results were compared to an article review which sought examples of other patient satisfaction measures that compared rural and urban populations. Results No significant correlations between survey responses and established demographic indices were found. When stratified by the Modified Monash Model band from which the patient participated in their telehealth appointment from, an ANOVA test determined that rurality was not a predictor of survey response. A review of articles found four articles that compared rural and urban satisfaction responses. Conclusion No evidence of a patient’s location influencing their satisfaction with telehealth was observed. This may be attributed to a variety of technical improvements introduced over the past 5–10 years that have made participating in telehealth appointments less technically demanding and more accessible. Telehealth is likely to be contributing to a reduction in healthcare access inequality in Queensland.
A suicidal mechanism for the exquisite temperature sensitivity of TRPV1
Authors: Mugo Andrew , Chou Ryan , Chin Felix , Liu Beiying , Jiang Qiu-Xing , Qin Feng
Published: August 2023

The vanilloid receptor TRPV1 is an exquisite nociceptive sensor of noxious heat, but its temperature-sensing mechanism is yet to define. Thermodynamics dictate that this channel must undergo an unusually energetic allosteric transition. Thus, it is of fundamental importance to measure directly the energetics of this transition in order to properly decipher its temperature-sensing mechanism. Previously, using submillisecond temperature jumps and patch-clamp recording, we estimated that the heat activation for TRPV1 opening incurs an enthalpy change on the order of 100 kcal/mol. Although this energy is on a scale unparalleled by other known biological receptors, the generally imperfect allosteric coupling in proteins implies that the actual amount of heat uptake driving the TRPV1 transition could be much larger. In this paper, we apply differential scanning calorimetry to directly monitor the heat flow in TRPV1 that accompanies its temperature-induced conformational transition. Our measurements show that heat invokes robust, complex thermal transitions in TRPV1 that include both channel opening and a partial protein unfolding transition and that these two processes are inherently coupled. Our findings support that irreversible protein unfolding, which is generally thought to be destructive to physiological function, is essential to TRPV1 thermal transduction and, possibly, to other strongly temperature-dependent processes in biology.
Pioneering interpreting studies
Authors: Pöchhacker Franz
Published: August 2023

On the occasion of her 80th birthday, this article highlights the pioneering contribution of Ingrid Kurz to the
development of interpreting studies. Following a biographical sketch describing her professional and academic career over half a
century, the most important themes of her research are reviewed under the headings of history, profession, psychology, training,
quality, media, and fiction. An attempt is made to gauge the impact of her pioneering work and to trace some of its links to
recent research in the field. Kurz’s early work is placed in its context at the time and compared to present-day features of the
discipline. With reference to trends such as internationalization, specialization and professionalization, Kurz is characterized
as a precursor whose unique combination of professional commitment and intellectual curiosity in the formative decades of
interpreting studies yielded an impact that would no longer be conceivable in the way the discipline has evolved in the 21st
century.
Quietly angry, loudly happy
Authors: Bolo Eric , Samoul Muhammad , Seichepine Nicolas , Chetouani Mohamed
Published: August 2023

Phone calls are an essential communication channel in today’s contact centers, but they are more difficult to
analyze than written or form-based interactions. To that end, companies have traditionally used surveys to gather feedback and
gauge customer satisfaction. In this work, we study the relationship between self-reported customer satisfaction (CSAT) and
automatic utterance-level indicators of emotion produced by affect recognition models, using a real dataset of contact center
calls. We find (1) that positive valence is associated with higher CSAT scores, while the presence of anger is associated with
lower CSAT scores; (2) that automatically detected affective events and CSAT response rate are linked, with calls containing
anger/positive valence exhibiting respectively a lower/higher response rate; (3) that the dynamics of detected emotions are linked
with both CSAT scores and response rate, and that emotions detected at the end of the call have a greater weight in the
relationship. These findings highlight a selection bias in self-reported CSAT leading respectively to an over/under-representation
of positive/negative affect.
On the traces of “apples”, “plums”, and “pears”
Authors: Kilani Marwan
Published: August 2023

Wanderwords are a very common phenomenon among the languages of the world, but they are rarely discussed in
detail. Their paths of spreading are often considered hardly reconstructible and their origins beyond reach, and being
non-inherited, they are often ignored by the linguists working on the history of the languages involved. The present article
questions both these tendencies, as it aims at exploring, as far as possible, the origins and interconnections of a series of
related words referring to “apples”, “plums”, and other fruits attested in various languages and language families of the Near
East. The article has two goals. First, to try to reconstruct the borrowing chains and general spread of these terms, thus going
as close as possible to their putative origin. Second, to provide a test case and an illustration of a general methodological
framework that can be used to study the history of such wanderwords.
Effect of Sr2+doping on the microwave dielectric properties of BaZrO3ceramics
Authors: Cui Dewei , Shao Hui
Published: August 2023

In this study, undoped and Sr2+doped BaZrO3ceramics were prepared by solid-state reaction using 3 wt-% B2O3as sintering aid. The phase composition and microstructure of BaZrO3were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that introducing an appropriate amount of Sr2+makes BaZrO3ceramics Q ×  f value and density increase. In addition, the dielectric constant of BaZrO3ceramics increases with the increase of Sr2+addition. With excellent microwave dielectric properties, ϵr = 34.17 and Q ×  f value of 39,070 GHz(@ 7.8 GHz) τf =  + 140 ppm/°C were obtained in 6 at.-% Sr2+doped BaZrO3with 3 wt-% B2O3sintering aid at 1275°C for 5 h. Using this material as the medium, the simulation of GPS antenna by HFSS software shows that this material has the potential to be used as the antenna medium material.
Speeding-up direct implicit particle-in-cell simulations in bounded plasma by obtaining future electric field through explicitly propulsion of particles
Authors: Tan 谭 Haiyun 海云 , Huang 黄 Tianyuan 天源 , Ji 季 Peiyu 佩宇 , Zhou 周 Mingjie 铭杰 , Zhuge 诸 Lanjian 葛兰剑 , Wu 吴 Xuemei 雪梅
Published: August 2023

The direct implicit particle-in-cell is a powerful kinetic method for researching plasma characteristics. However, it is time-consuming to obtain the future electromagnetic field in such a method since the field equations contain time-dependent matrix coefficients. In this work, we propose to explicitly push particles and obtain the future electromagnetic field based on the information about the particles in the future. The new method retains the form of implicit particle pusher, but the future field is obtained by solving the traditional explicit equation. Several numerical experiments, including the motion of charged particle in electromagnetic field, plasma sheath, and free diffusion of plasma into vacuum, are implemented to evaluate the performance of the method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can suppress finite-grid-instability resulting from the coarse spatial resolution in electron Debye length through the strong damping of high-frequency plasma oscillation, while accurately describe low-frequency plasma phenomena, with the price of losing the numerical stability at large time-step. We believe that this work is helpful for people to research the bounded plasma by using particle-in-cell simulations.
Evaluation of the green mussel floating cage related to the enlightenment aspect through the analysis of the Perna viridis spat settlement & population structure
Authors: Farikhah  , Safitri N. M. , Aminin  , Suhaili
Published: August 2023

A floating cage is one of the methods of cultivating green mussels that can potentially be used as a medium for maritime education because it is easily accessible to people of various age groups, especially in green mussel cultivation related to mangrove ecotourism. This study aims to analyze the design of floating cages from light and shaded zones based on the spat density and the population structure. The research was conducted in floating cages operated in the Java Sea, Banyuurip Village, Ujungpangkah District at coordinates 06°52’18.84” South Latitude and 112°29’41.19” East Longitude. The spat density was calculated per collector rope per depth (1-4m). When the green mussels were harvested in five-month cultivation from each zone, the population structure was analyzed with Excel 2010 software and measured for the population frequency distribution to investigate the percentage of mussels that reached consumer size. The differences between open and shaded population variables were evaluated by t-test (α=5%). The results of this study show that the density of spat attachment to the collector in the open space was 17.044±724 individuals/m2, and in the shaded area was 16.085±4634 individuals/m2. The density of the spat at a depth of 1m (22,538±4,536 individuals/m2) was significantly different (p<0.05, with three observations) from the density at a depth of 4m (10,830±1,016 individuals/m2) in a light area. However, the spat settlement between each depth was not significantly different in the shaded area. The population structure of green mussels in both areas had seven length classes (class I-VII) with a 7.8 mm interval. The percentage of the class VI population (47.4-55.20 mm) in the light area (31%) was significantly different (p<0.05) from the shaded area (25.79%). It means that the portion of green mussels suitable for harvest (length 40-80 mm) in the light zone is more than in dark zone. We conclude that lighting is an essential aspect of the rate of spat attachment, survival, and growth. The proportion and position of the shaded area in the floating cages must be adjusted so that the growth of the spat is not blocked.
Sustainable Development Strategy of Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Aquaculture Using The SWOT and QSPM Approach : A Study in Fahiluka, Malaka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Leven W A , Liufeto F C , Pasaribu W
Published: August 2023

This study aims to develop milkfish (Chanos chanos) aquaculture in Fahiluka, Malaka and then set strategic priorities based on Quantitative Strategies Planning Matrix (QSPM) analysis. The data includes primary data from 50 milkfish farmers in Fahiluka and secondary data from documents from the Fahiluka village office. Based on the SWOT analysis, the strength (S) of ponds get a score of 0.60, they are privately owned ponds while the weakness (W) is that the pond area is in a disaster prone area, with a score of 0.54, market demand opportunity (O) is high with a score of 0.58. Meanwhile, the threat (T) is fishing theft with a score 0.45. Based on the QSPM analysis, total attractive score is 7.66, indicating an increase in pond management activities through the implementation of biosecurity.
The Effect of Aeration on Male Individual Productivity and Ephippia Moina micrura
Authors: Fatina A E , Herawati V E , Chilmawati D , Rosellia S , Maskur  , Windarto S
Published: August 2023

Moina is a group of tiny shrimp belonging to the class Crustacea and the sub-order Cladocera, which can reproduce and grow quickly in various food sources and can be cultivated under low oxygen and high ammonium content. Utilization of Moina as natural food is not maximized because it is still constrained by quality and management of food availability in cultivation media which affects its productivity. One of the efforts to make Moina available sustainably is by producing ephippia. Ephippia is a product of Moina’s sexual reproduction which can be mass-produced to meet Moina’s availability and continuity. This study aimed to examine the effect of aeration on the productivity of male individuals and ephippia Moina micrura. This study used an experimental method, a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 2 treatments with 6 replications. The treatments applied were Moina culture using aeration and Moina culture without aeration. The test animal used was Moina micrura, reared in a jar with a density of 50 ind/L for 14 days. The results of this study indicated that, Moina culture using aeration had a significantly decreased on individual male and ephippia Moina micrura productivity. The best productivity of male and ephippia individuals with culture treatment without aeration was 66 ± 2.79 ind/L and 10 ± 0.9 grains/20 ml of sample.
The Effect of Difference Dose Quail Manure Fertilizer on The Population Growth of Daphnia sp. that Cultured in Soy Stew Water
Authors: Alfiyanti Diastuti Nur , Chilmawati Diana , Harwanto Dicky
Published: August 2023

Daphnia sp. is one of the alternative food organisms that potential to be developed on the availability of live food organisms in the hatchery cause has many benefits, like as easy to digest by fish larvae and being able to culture in massal. The study aims to know the effect of the different doses of quail manure on the growth pattern of Daphnia sp. that be cultured in soy stew water and to know the best dose of quail manure to increase the growth rate of Daphnia sp. The experimental method was employed in this research with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and four replicates. The treatments tested were the different doses of quail manure organic, that is 0 g/L, 2.5 g/L, 3 g/L, and 3.5 g/L. Daphnia sp. is cultured in a 10L jar with a media volume of 5L. Observation and calculations were carried out for 16 days with the initial density of Daphnia sp. being 30 indv/L. This research result showed that different doses of quail manure had a significant effect (P<0,05) on the growth pattern of Daphnia sp. The time value of the adaptation phase and the specific growth rate in treatment with a dose of 2.5; 3; and 3.5 g/L were not significantly different but better than treatment with a dose of 0 g/L, each of which is 0.243/day, 0.315/day, 0.322/day, and 0.310/day. The maximum density of each treatment was significantly different with the best value obtained at a dose of 3 g/L which was 1725 ind/L and the lowest was obtained at a dose of 0 g/L, which was 475 ind/L. Based on the result of this research, it can be concluded the treatment with a dose of 3 g/L of quail manure was the dose that gave the best growth for Daphnia sp.
Analysis of water condition based on suspended sediment distribution and phytoplankton abundance in Lasolo Bay, Southeast Sulawesi Province
Authors: Irawati  , Sara L , Muliddin  , Asriyana A , Gunawan Y , Syamsul R H , Restele  , Harisma
Published: August 2023

Lasolo Bay is a part of water in North Konawe Regency that connects the Lasolo River and sea waters. Several activities from Nickel mining activities that have been carried out around the bay have caused the physical condition of Lasolo Bay to change, namely an increase in turbidity and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in marine waters. TSS and phytoplankton are among the indicators for determining the level of productivity of water. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of TSS, nitrate and phosphate on phytoplankton abundance as an indicator of the level of aquatic productivity. The study was conducted in August 2021. Determination of sampling location based on purposive sampling method at 9 stations based on three layers of light penetration depth of 100%, 50% and 25% of surface light intensity. TSS analysis using gravimetric methods and phytoplankton abundance analysis using the Sedgwick Rafter Counting Chamber tool at the Biological Laboratory of FMIPA University of Halu Oleo. The results showed that TSS concentrations ranged from 160–390 mg/l and phytoplankton abundances at each station ranged from 1208–3040 cells/l. Increased TSS concentrations affect phytoplankton abundance. In general, high TSS values were at stations close to the mouth of the Lasolo river and high phytoplankton abundances were in the central part of Lasolo Bay. The abundance of phytoplankton in the waters of Lasolo Bay falls into the moderate category.
Effect of Chitosan on Physical Characteristic of Tapioca Edible Film with Ariid Catfish Bone Gelatin (Arius thalassinus)
Authors: Arni L S , Purnamayati L , Riyadi P H
Published: August 2023

Ariid catfish is a demersal fish species with a high production rate. Fishbone is a by-product with protein content converted into gelatin. Gelatin can be utilized as an edible film due to its low water resistance and low tensile strength so that a suitable polymer is needed to form a good film, namely chitosan and tapioca starch. This study aimed to determine the effect of chitosan on the characteristics and the best formulation of tapioca edible film with ariid catfish bone gelatin. The method of making the edible film is by extracting gelatin, then gelatin is mixed with tapioca starch, chitosan and glycerol, then molded and dried. This research was a laboratory experiment using a completely randomized design (CRD) of 4 treatments, namely different concentrations of gelatin:chitosan (20:0%, 15:5%, 10:10%, and 5:15%) with 3 repetitions. The testing parameters observed were tensile strength, elongation, thickness, solubility, water vapor transmission rate and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The best edible film was produced from the treatment of 10% gelatin and 10% chitosan with a tensile strength value of 2.62 Mpa; elongation of 17.4%; water vapor transmission rate of 5.96 g/m2/hour; solubility of 35.22% and thickness of 0.17 mm and SEM observations showed that the edible film morphology was smoother, compact and not hollow.
The Effect of Palm Shell and Empty Fruit Bunch Composition Ratio on the Quality of Biopellets for Co-firing
Authors: Diana Riztamala , Rusdianasari  , Kalsum Leila
Published: August 2023

Agricultural waste resources, such as biomass, can be turned into valuable alternative energy sources. Biomass is critical to achieving renewable energy in Indonesia. The usage of renewable energy sources, such as biofuels (BBN), should be increased because the demand for fossil fuel sources is increasing year after year, and these fuels are limited and expensive. Biomass-derived from palm oil industry waste in the form of palm shells and empty palm oil bunches (EFB) is currently not being utilized optimally. Therefore, efforts need to be made to make palm shell waste and EFB more valuable products. The content in palm shells and EFB can potentially be converted into fuel in the form of biopellets, namely palm shells and EFB with a composition ratio of 100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70 and 0:100. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the ratio of the composition of biomass raw materials on the Quality of Biopellets for Co-firing. The results showed that the composition ratio of 30:70 has a higher calorific value and meets SNI 8951:2020 as co-firing for power plants.
Treatment of Dug Well Water in Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan, with Electrocoagulation
Authors: Maleiva Lalak Tarbiyatun Nasyin , Nugraheni Putranty Widha , Ramadhan Finar , Putra Leonardus Sandy Ade , Kusumawardhani Eka
Published: August 2023

Dug well water is one of the clean water sources used in Kubu Raya Regency. However, through the initial testing, the physical and chemical qualities of the water were inadequate to meet the hygiene and sanitation demands of daily living following Regulation No. 32 of the Minister of Health of Indonesia 2017. Consequently, the objective of this study was to examine the treatment of dug well water by electrocoagulation and electrocoagulation-coagulation employing Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) as a coagulant with varying periods (45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes). Increasing the processing time in the electrocoagulation treatment enhanced the pH and TDS values while lowering the color, turbidity, Fe, and Mn metals. The pH value increased for the electrocoagulation-coagulation treatment. Conversely, the concentrations of color, turbidity, Fe metal, and Mn metal dropped, however, the TDS value increased, exceeding the threshold. Ultimately, the electrocoagulation treatment was more effective at reducing contaminants, as measured by advances in efficiency for pH, turbidity, color, Fe, and Mn.
Inventory of Medicinal Plants in West Sumatra Province that has the Potential to Treat Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Syamsurizal S. , Asriyani Milda Fitri , Ikhwan Mardiana , Yanifa Nurul , Wiranti Wira , Santika Silva , Des M , Violita  , Chatri Moralita , Badriyya Elsa
Published: August 2023

This study aims to identify plant species with potential anti-diabetic properties. From March to June 2022, this research was conducted in West Sumatera, Indonesia, in 5 regencies, 56 villages, and through interviews with 179 community leaders. This survey and interview study is descriptive in nature. The findings revealed that there were 44 species belonging to 33 families. Leaves, seeds, bark, tubers, rhizomes, stems, fruit skins, and other plant components are utilized. Medicinal herbs are processed by boiling, squeezing, pounding, and drying. Various local wild and cultivated plants have the potential to be used as medicinal plants, particularly DM medicines.
Identification of surface layer structure using seismic refraction for landslide mitigation in Tandikek region, West Sumatra Indonesia
Authors: Daraini Della Putri , Syafriani  , Akmam  , Dwiridal Letmi
Published: August 2023

The landslide in West Tandikek Nagari, Padang Pariaman Regency, in 2009 was triggered by an earthquake that claimed hundreds of lives and buried several villages. Losses caused by landslides in West Tandikek Nagari should be minimized by studying the causes and symptoms of landslides. Disaster mitigation efforts must be carried out to anticipate and mitigate losses due to landslides so that the impacts can be overcome. These disaster mitigation actions can be carried out by identifying areas with the potential for landslides based on the subsurface structure in West Tandikek Nagari. This type of research was descriptive. Data collection is carried out directly using the Sysmatrack-MAE Seismograph, 12 geophones, GPS, gauges, trigger cables, geophone cables, and sources in the form of a seismic hammer and iron plate with the seismic refraction method. Data processing to obtain velocity and depth values for each track below the surface with the seismic refraction method and for interpretation used the Time-Term Inversion. The results obtained for the first layer are dominated by sand and soil materials. The second layer is dominated by alluvium gravel sand and clay. The relatively hard layer of clay and alluvium makes it difficult to store and pass water. This will cause water from the top layer to accumulate in the rock, which makes the rock slippery. This slippery clay layer will act as a subsurface for the weathering material above it to move out of the hillside
Application of vermicompost from spent coffee ground on the growth of Capsicum frutescens L.
Authors: Darwis Darsef , Lisdiana Hayyun , Erdawati
Published: August 2023

This research aims to know the effect of vermicompost from the spent coffee ground on the growth of vegetative Capsicum frutescens L. The research was conducted in the experimental field of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, from May until August 2022. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design (RAL) nonfactorial with four treatments and three replications to obtain 12 units of trial. Each experimental unit consisted of 3 seeds, so there are 36 seedlings. The parameters measured were seedling height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area, and the ratio of the canopy and root dry weight. Data analysis used SPSS 24 with ANOVA method on 95% level. The results showed that the dosing vermicompost fertilizer could improve seedling height, some leaves, stem diameter, leaf area, dry weight and ratio of cacao seedling room from spent coffee grouts header. A vermicompost fertilizer dose of 25 g/5 kg produced the highest growth in Capsicum frutescens L. breeding.
Optimization of Chloride (Cl−) on Dimethylamine (DMA) Modified Mesoporous Silica
Authors: Zikra Fadhilatu , Oktavia Budhi , Putra Ananda , Kurniawati Desy
Published: August 2023

Mesoporous silica was prepared using sodium silicate as a precursor and Cetyl Trimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) as a templating agent. The adsorption ability of silica was enhanced by using DMA (dimethylamine) as a modifier and glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) as a linking compound. The adsorption process was carried out by incorporating the chloride solution into the DMA-modified mesoporous silica, followed by the desorption process by flowing the acid solution. The desorption agent’s type and concentration determine the desorption process’s effectiveness. In this study, 0.0744 mg of chloride ions were completely desorbed using 0.08 M HNO3.
Nitrogen addition affects floral and vegetative traits, reproduction, and pollinator performance in Capsicum annuum L.
Authors: Gao Rui , Hu Baoshuang , Yuan Yibin , He Mengying , Wang Ruolan , Lou Yuanxin , Mu Junpeng
Published: August 2023

Background and Aims

It has been demonstrated that nitrogen (N) addition alters flower morphology, floral rewards and pollinator performance. However, little is known about the effects of N addition on plant reproduction, including fruit set and seed set during selfing and outcrossing, floral and vegetative traits, and pollinator performance. We hypothesized that N addition would influence fruit set, seed set in selfed and outcrossed flowers, the relationship between vegetative and flower traits, and pollinator performance.

Methods

A 2-year pot experiment was conducted in which Capsicum annuum was exposed to three levels of relatively short-term N supply, i.e. 0 g m–2 (no N addition, as a control), 4 g m–2 (4N) and 16 g m–2 (16N), which are equivalent to about 0-, 1- and 4-fold of the peak local N deposition. We measured flower rewards, flower morphology, flowering phenology, as well as pollinator visitation rate, fruit set and seed set by self- and outcross-fertilization of C. annuum.

Results

The four levels of N addition increased plant biomass, biomass allocation to flowers, flower size, stigma–anther separation, nectar production and pollen production, resulting in an increase in pollinator visitation and fruit set. Nevertheless, the control and 16 levels of N addition reduced plant biomass, biomass allocation to flowers, flower size and stigma–anther separation, and nectar and pollen production, and consequently decreased pollinator visitation and fruit set. Exclusion of pollinators and hand-pollination experiments revealed that low levels of N addition were associated with high seed set in outcrossed flowers; however, this trend was reversed in flowers grown in the control and 16N treatments.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that an optimal level of 4N can enhance the correlation between flower traits, pollinator performance and plant reproduction. Our findings cast new light on the underlying mechanisms of plant–pollinator interactions and plant adaptation to nitrogen deposition.