bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mulheres em situação de violência sexual sob efeito de drogas facilitadoras de abuso sexual
Authors: Kluk Elizama , Trigueiro Tatiane Herreira , Berteloni Glauciane Marques de Assis , Lourenço Rafaela Gessner
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Caracterizar os relatos de ocorrência das fichas de notificação de mulheres que sofreram abuso sexual facilitado por drogas entre os anos de 2010 e 2019. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, qualitativa e transversal com coleta de dados secundários do serviço de epidemiologia de um Hospital no estado do Paraná. A amostra foi composta por 342 fichas de notificação. Foram realizadas análise descritiva simples e análise de conteúdo temática do breve relato da ocorrência. Para auxílio na organização dos dados, foi utilizado o software Webqda®. Resultados: Os agressores utilizaram duas vias para cometer a violência sexual facilitada por drogas: aproveitaram do consumo voluntário de drogas ou álcool pela mulher em 218 (66,06%) relatos e forçaram o consumo de drogas ou álcool em 112 (33,93%). Conclusão: O enfrentamento dessa violência depende da implementação de políticas públicas preventivas, da divulgação dos serviços especializados e de assistência qualificada e da não culpabilização da mulher.
Sürdürülebilir Etkinlik Farkındalık Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması
Authors: Adatepe Eda , Kolayiş Hakan
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırma spor etkinliklerine katılan bireylerin sürdürülebilir etkinlik farkındalıklarını ölçen bir ölçme aracı geliştirmek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Literatür, uzman görüşü ve saha çalışanları ile madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Bu araştırma grubu, ulusal ve uluslararası spor etkinliklerine katılmış, Türkiye’deki antrenör, sporcu, beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni, hakem, idari kadrolarda yer alan spor yöneticileri ve teknik kadro çalışanlarından oluşmuştur. Bu araştırmaya 812 gönüllü birey katılmıştır. Veriler Google Forms ile toplanmıştır. Genel tarama modeline göre desenlenmiş, betimsel bir çalışmadır. “Sürdürülebilir Etkinlik Farkındalık Ölçeği” (SEFÖ) adı verilen ölçme aracı için açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda yapısal geçerlik ölçütleri sağlanmış ve 24 madde ölçme aracının son halini oluşturmuştur. Ölçme aracı destek, performans değerlendirme, sistem yapısı ve süreçler boyutlarını içeren toplam 4 alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Ölçme aracının geneli bağlamında Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlık katsayısı .936 tespit edilerek ölçme aracının güvenilir olduğu ve dört faktörlü yapıda olan ölçme aracının tüm alt boyutlarında hedeflenen özellikleri ölçtüğü ve geçerli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak geliştirme çalışması yapılan bu ölçek, araştırmanın amacına uygun olarak ölçmek istenilen özellikleri ölçen geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olarak kullanılabilir.
Desain Solar Cell Trainer Dengan Analisis Morfologi
Authors: Fitri Normaliaty , Kusmindari Christofora Desi
Published: June 2022

One of the strategies and implementations in realizing resources with character education and skills in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0, innovation development of learning support tools, continues to develop as a form of student support in facing the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Learning media is an important factor that will affect student learning outcomes. The toughness of providing media in the field of learning can increase the value of efficiency and effectiveness in the teaching and learning process. There are obstacles in the learning process of basic energy conversion practice teaching materials in the Electrical Engineering laboratory at Bina Darma University, because in practical activities there are no training aids (trainers). The main purpose of the morphological method is to expand research into new solutions carried out on the design of an object, where the steps in the morphological method begin by making a list/table of the necessary characteristics or functions of a product that may be achieved on the trainer, resulting in the identification of the feasibility of a combination of a product. sub solution. By using morphological analysis, it is hoped that the solarcell trainer made according to good standards, with the hope that students can use it in understanding the concept of solar power generation.
PERANCANGAN ALAT PERONTOK KOPI YANG ERGONOMIS DENGAN PENDEKATAN QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT
Authors: Kevas Luther , Sunarni Theresia
Published: June 2022

Barumanis Village is located in Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu Province. The majority of Barumanis villagers are coffee farmers. The picking process consists of cutting twigs and threshing fruit. The coffee threshing process causes musculoskeletal complaints, which are indicated by the NBM value reaching 71.1 points and the heart rate when working reaches 100.34 pulses/minute. Based on these problems, the researchers designed an ergonomic coffee thresher using the Quality Function Deployment approach. In designing an ergonomic coffee thresher using farmer anthropometric data, and plant size data as the basis for the size of the designed tool, where the data has passed the normality test, adequacy test, and data uniformity test. The coffee thresher is designed with a design that allows the farmer to use the tool with one hand. The use of a coffee thresher can increase the threshing yield on average up to 49.52 kg/hour. The increase in the speed of threshing coffee is supported by the use of a high-speed dynamo to thresh the coffee cherries. In addition, the use of this coffee thresher device can also reduce musculoskeletal disorders, marked by a decrease in the NBM value to 54.93 points, and a decrease in heart rate when working up to 91.06 points. The cost incurred to make the tool is Rp. 840,000,-.
PENGARUH TEGANGAN PANEL SURYA TERHADAP NILAI TEGANGAN INDUKTOR SEBAGAI REKAYASA ENERGI ALTERNATIF
Authors: Fitriani Endah , Fitri Normaliaty
Published: June 2022

Electromagnetic induction can be produced from the inductor winding. The number of turns affects the magnetic field produced, which is directly proportional to the input voltage applied to the coil. In this study, the output voltage of the solar cell as input to the primary coil of the inductor. Changes in the solar cell voltage affect the magnitude of the magnetic field so that it affects the amount of voltage flowing in the inductor. An inductor with a total of 600 turns is able to turn on the lights wirelessly compared to a coil with a small number of turns. By using a voltage from the solar cell of 13.22 V and the number of turns of 600 turns, it is able to turn on a lamp with a power of 5 Watt, 10 Watt, 15 Watt and 20 Watt with a power transfer distance of 5 cm.

 

Keywords: Solar Cell, Inductor, Magnetic Field
Alat Pengukur Tinggi Badan, Berat Badan, Dan Suhu Badan Digital Menggunakan Sensor Ultrasonik, Load Cell, Dan Inframerah Mlx90614
Authors: Saputra Festian Yanuar , Al Amin M. Saleh , . Perawati
Published: June 2022

Digitally measuring height, weight, and human body temperature based on Arduino nano, ultrasonic (proximity sensor), Load Cell (weight sensor), and Mlx90614 (temperature sensor) is a tool that serves to measure and get the value of a sensor quantity on a person's body based on certain units. The working principle of this tool is based on ultrasonic reflected light, the pressure of an object, and infrared radiation. The system design includes the working principle of ultrasonic sensors, load cells, Mlx90614, arduino nano, 16x2 lcd + i2c lcd, lm2596 step down module. This device circuit system is a circuit capable of changing a length, weight, and temperature so that it can be processed and displayed in the form of an electrical system. The process of change is by converting distance, weight, and temperature into analog voltages, after going through the signal conditioning process by amplifying, the analog voltage is converted into digital data. The digital data obtained is then processed by Arduino and displayed. The results of the performance of this tool have an average measurement error of 1.16% for measuring height, -0.69% for measuring weight, and 4.35% for measuring body temperature.

Keywords:  Arduino Nano, Ultrasonic Sensor, Load Cell Sensor, Mlx90614 Sensor.
ANALISIS ALAT PENDETEKSI GAS HIDROGEN SULFIDA MENGGUNAKAN HAZARD AND OPERABILITY STUDY DI PERUSAHAAN MINYAK DAN GAS
Authors: AR Hasmawaty , Palini Rahmad Andika
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hasil dari resiko gas hidrogen sulfida, alat pendeteksi gas hidrogen sulfida dan alat bantu pernafasan di kawasan lingkungan kerja yang berpotensi terhadap kesehatan dan keselamatan karyawan para pekerja di lingkungan kerja PT. Corroshield Indonesia Stasiun Ibul Pali. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini melakukan identifikasi bahaya untuk meningkatkan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja di area Stasiun Ibul dengan metode hazard and operability study. Data yang diambil adalah konsentrasi gas hidrogen sulfida dari alat pendeteksi gas hidrogen sulfida dan resiko paparan gas hidrogen sulfida dari wawancara dengan pekerja di lokasi yang telah ditentukan. Hasil penelitian didapat masih banyak karyawan yang tidak menggunakan alat pendeteksi gas hidrogen sulfida dan alat bantu pernafasan. Adanya potensi bahaya di area kilang, pengeboran dan pipa. Penilaian resiko terdapat kategori 3 tingkat yaitu resiko kecil, sedang dan tinggi. Resiko terbesar yaitu sedang terdapat pada area pengeboran, pipa dan kilang. Rekomendasi yang diberikan adalah karyawan harus disiplin yaitu harus menggunakan alat pendeteksi gas hidrogen sulfida dan alat bantu pernafasan
Perencanaan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH) di Desa Tanjung Raman Talang Air Selepah Kecamatan Pendopo Kabupaten Empat Lawang
Authors: Ardo Beni , Emidiana Emidiana , Perawati Perawati
Published: June 2022

Electricity is needed by all levels of society. Talang Air Selepah is a village located in Pendopo District, Empat Lawang Regency. This gutter has not served electricity by PLN. Microhydro power plants are power plants with capacities ranging from 100 W to 100 kW. This research is expected to be a reference for the community  implementing the results of this study. Measurements obtained a discharge of 7.44 /s from a river width of 6 meters and an average water flow velocity of 1.06 m/s with a planned head of 1 meter. Based on results of calculations carried the power that can be generated by the PLTMH talangair selepah is 42 kW. The turbine plan to be used in this MHP is a propeller turbine with an open flume type with a turbine efficienct of 0.80% with turbine power 58.34 kW, a generator with an output of 60 kW is needed. Freshgen generator with output of 60 kW with a generator efficiency 0.80%. The results of this plan can later be implemented and can provide benefits to meet electricity needs in Tanjung Raman Village.
PENGARUH PELAYANAN PRIMA TERHADAP KEPUASAN NASABAH (STUDI KASUS DI PT. BANK JATIM CAPEM MARON PROBOLINGGO)
Authors: Junaedi Deddy
Published: June 2022

This research is explanatory. The purpose of this study is (1) To analyze and determine the effect of service attitude aspects on customer satisfaction; (2) To analyze and determine the effect of service aspects Attention to customer satisfaction; (3) To analyze and determine the effect of service aspects of the Actions on customer satisfaction. The population in this study are customers who conduct financial transactions at Bank Jatim Capem Maron Probolinggo. Sampling at the time of the study using the method of accidental sampling took samples of anyone who was there or happened to be found when filling out the questionnaire. The results of this study are (1) Attitude has a significant and negative influence on Customer Satisfaction; (2) Attention has a significant and positive influence on Customer Satisfaction; (3) Action is the most dominant variable.
MODEL LOCAL CULTURE TOURISM BERBASIS TANEAN LANJHANG DESA LARANGAN LUAR PAMEKASAN
Authors: Mansur Mansur , Muhtadi Ridan , Kamali Kamali , Rofiki Akhmad
Published: June 2022

This research aims to find the concept of local cultural tourism based on tanean lanjhang and applicable ways to preserve it by prioritizing the welfare of the surrounding community as well as in a sustainable manner. This qualitative-descriptive study collected data using in-depth interview techniques, participative observation and documentation. The result is that the field of local culture tourism does not only rely on tanean lanjhang, the Nurun Tajalla mosque, the sacred tomb of Bhujuk Jepara, mandhapa, tomang handicrafts and Nyato springs, but on reflection-products in the deepest contents of people's awareness. Preserving culture is ancestral fanaticism. Meanwhile, living in harmony, practice, economy, prosperity and sustainability in MICE-based regional tourism is local wisdom that deserves to be fought for and must be guarded by the Pamekasan authorities.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KESEHATAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH MELALUI METODE RGEC (RISK PROFILE, GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, EARNINGS, CAPITAL) TAHUN 2015-2019 (Studi pada PT Bank Syariah Bukopin (Persero) Tbk)
Authors: Aini Rizka Nur , Surya Pratikto Muhammad Iqbal
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAKSektor Perbankan di Indonesia memegang peranan penting dan menjadi urat nadi bagi perekonomian. Sesuai dengan UU No. 10 Tahun 1998, tujuan dari perbankan di Indonesia yaitu meningkatkan pembangunan nasional dan pertumbuhan ekonomi sebagai upaya untuk mensejahterakan rakyat. Sisterm operasional bank harus mempertimbangkan aspek risiko yang mungkin timbul. oleh karena itu, prinsip kehati-hatian wajib diterapkan utamanya pada perbankan syariah. Pengelolaan tersebut akan besar pengaruhnya terhadap kesehatan bank. PT.Bank Syariah Bukopin (persero) Tbk. merupakan bank yang menyediakan Produk dan Layanan terbaik sesuai dengan Prinsip Syariah yang bermula masuknya konsorsium PT Bank Bukopin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kesehatan kinerja keuangan pada PT. Bank Syariah Bukopin tahun 2015-2019 dengan menggunakan metode RGEC. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan metode RGEC dalam menganalisis laporan keuangan. Hasil penelitian jika dilihat dari rasio Risk Profile perusahaan dapat dikategorikan cukup sehat dan bank Syariah bukopin sudah baik dalam menangani masalah kredit macet. untuk rasio Good Corporate Governance kinerja perusahaan sangat baik dan berarti manajemen tidak melakukan pelanggaran selama kurun waktu 2015-2019 dan untuk Rasio Earning kinerja perusahaan masih belum cukup baik sehingga diperlukan adanya kebijakan baru guna meningkatkan kesehatannya. Untuk rasio Capital kondisi perusahaan dapat dikategorikan sangat sehat artinya bank mampu memenuhi segala kewajiban dengan modal yang cukup.Kata Kunci : Perbankan, Kesehatan Bank, Metode RGEC, Bukopin Syariah
PERAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH DALAM UMKM UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN EKONOMI INDONESIA
Authors: Harmar Pramesti
Published: June 2022

This research is descriptive qualitative using literature study obtained from several sources of secondary data, in the form of theories, reports, research results and others.It aims to analyze the role of Islamic banking in UMKM to  Indonesia's economic growth. Crisis conditions occurred during the period 1997 to 1998, only the UMKM (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) sector was able to remain strong after the economic crisis. The number of UMKM did not decrease, instead their growth increased . The efforts of Islamic banking in developing the country's economy include providing financing through micro, small and medium enterprises. As the government pays attention to the development of UMKM in Indonesia, sharia banking also participates in empowering these UMKM  which will then stimulate economic sectors and spur economic growth.
Millennial Generation Consumer Preferences and Perceptions of Halal Cosmetics (Case Study at Nurul Jadid Islamic Boarding School)
Authors: Saifuddin Saifuddin , Aisyah Sitti
Published: June 2022

On cosmetic products, the halal label indicates a product made from ingredients that do not contain haram elements. The halalness of cosmetic products is also determined by the manufacturing process. Although using parts of animals that are categorized as halal, these animals must be ensured that they have been processed according to Islamic law. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method that aims to determine the preferences and perceptions of millennial consumers towards halal cosmetics at the Nurul Jadid Islamic Boarding School. The results of this study indicate that students or millennial generation consumers in Islamic boarding schools have the same preferences and perceptions of halal cosmetics, namely prioritizing the halalness of every cosmetic product that will be consumed, even though there are one or several of the students who use cosmetics whose halalness is not clear. But so far, the boarding school has guaranteed the halalness of every cosmetic product sold in the boarding school environment, because all the shops that operate in the boarding school environment have been confirmed to sell halal products that are allowed in Islam in accordance with the sharia.
AKSELERASI PETUMBUHAN EKONOMI SYARIAH DALAM KONTEKS POLITIK EKONOMI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wartoyo Wartoyo
Published: June 2022

Based on statistical data, there is a tendency for a decline in the performance of Islamic banks, which is characterized by stagnation in market share growth that has not reached the target in recent years. There are several factors that are suspected to be obstacles to the development of the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia, ranging from the inadequacy of human resources to the ambivalence between the concept of sharia and operations in the field. The complexity of the problem has an impact on the low public trust about the existence of Islamic banks among conventional financial institutions. As a result, the enthusiasm and response of the public towards Islamic financial products and services in the banking sector, insurance, capital markets and other sectors have become flat, and instead become an obstacle to the growth of assets and market shares of the Islamic financial industry. For this reason, cooperation between stakeholders is needed so that the problems in the development of Islamic banks are not only sourced from one aspect, but almost all aspects from upstream to downstream, starting from regulation, human resources, product quality, quantity of Islamic banks and also the level of education and public understanding. the product is still very minimal can be resolved properly to support the sustainability and development of the Islamic economy.
ANALYSIS OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT IN INCREASING SAVING PRODUCTS IN KSPPS BMT NU, MLANDINGAN BRANCH, SITUBONDO
Authors: Rizal Sofian Syaiful , Dewi Mamik Sari
Published: June 2022

Marketing management is the key to the continuity of an organization’s business so that it runs according to its function. The development of financial institutions, both banks, and non-banks, will encourage financial institutions always to optimize their marketing activities. Analyzing the market and its environment to find out how big the opportunity is to seize the market and how big the threat is that must be faced. This article aims to find out how marketing management is in improving products at the BMT NU Mlandingan branch. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method by conducting structured interviews in the form of questions related to obtaining relevant informants from customers and employees of the BMT NU Mlandingan Branch. Marketing management process by doing market segmentation, target market, determination, positioning, and differentiation. Savings and financing products are good and increasing from the intensity of increasing the number of customers with the reason that customers are easier and understand the advantages of savings and financing products at the malandingan branch of BMT NU. The findings in this study indicate that promotions can increase the number of customers in a faster time and reach a wider audience using existing media. Keywords: Marketing management, Products, BMT
In vivo Assessment of Localised Corneal Biomechanical Deterioration With Keratoconus Progression
Authors: Lopes Bernardo T. , Padmanabhan Prema , Eliasy Ashkan , Zhang Haixia , Abass Ahmed , Elsheikh Ahmed
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the regional corneal biomechanical deterioration with keratoconus (KC) progression as measured by the Stress-Strain Index (SSI) maps.

Methods: The preoperative examinations of 29 progressive KC cases that were submitted to corneal cross-linking (CXL) were evaluated. The examinations included the tomography and the SSI measured by the Pentacam HR and the Corvis ST (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany), respectively. The results were recorded twice, the latter of which was at the last visit before the CXL procedure. The patient-specific SSI maps were built, using data at each examination, based on finite element modelling and employing inverse analysis to represent the regional variation of biomechanical stiffness across the cornea.

Results: All cases presented significant shape progression (above the 95% CI of repeatability) in anterior and posterior curvatures and minimum thickness. The overall corneal stiffness as measured by the SSI within the central 8 mm-diameter area underwent slight but significant reductions from the first to the last examination (−0.02 ± 0.02, range: −0.09 to 0, p < 0.001). In all 29 cases, the reduction in stiffness was localised and concentred in the area inside the keratoconus cone. The SSI values inside the cone were significantly lower in the last examination (by 0.15 ± 0.09, range: −0.42 to −0.01, p < 0.001), while the SSI outside the cone presented minimal, non-significant variations (0 ± 0.01, range: −0.04 to 0.01, p = 0.999).

Conclusion: It has been observed through the SSI maps that the regional deterioration in stiffness was concerted inside the area of pathology, while only mild non-significant alterations were observed outside the area of pathology.
Metabolic Engineering of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to Efficiently Synthesize L-Ornithine From Inulin
Authors: Zhu Yifan , Hu Yi , Yan Yifan , Du Shanshan , Pan Fei , Li Sha , Xu Hong , Luo Zhengshan
Published: June 2022

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is the dominant strain used to produce γ-polyglutamic acid from inulin, a non-grain raw material. B. amyloliquefaciens has a highly efficient tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolic flux and glutamate synthesis ability. These features confer great potential for the synthesis of glutamate derivatives. However, it is challenging to efficiently convert high levels of glutamate to a particular glutamate derivative. Here, we conducted a systematic study on the biosynthesis of L-ornithine by B. amyloliquefaciens using inulin. First, the polyglutamate synthase gene pgsBCA of B. amyloliquefaciens NB was knocked out to hinder polyglutamate synthesis, resulting in the accumulation of intracellular glutamate and ATP. Second, a modular engineering strategy was applied to coordinate the degradation pathway, precursor competition pathway, and L-ornithine synthesis pathway to prompt high levels of intracellular precursor glutamate for l-ornithine synthesis. In addition, the high-efficiency L-ornithine transporter was further screened and overexpressed to reduce the feedback inhibition of L-ornithine on the synthesis pathway. Combining these strategies with further fermentation optimizations, we achieved a final L-ornithine titer of 31.3 g/L from inulin. Overall, these strategies hold great potential for strengthening microbial synthesis of high value-added products derived from glutamate.
Regulation of Malignant Myeloid Leukemia by Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Tan Zhenya , Kan Chen , Wong Mandy , Sun Minqiong , Liu Yakun , Yang Fan , Wang Siying , Zheng Hong
Published: June 2022

Bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) has been proven to have benefits for both normal hematopoietic stem cell niche and pathological leukemic stem cell niche. In fact, the pathological leukemia microenvironment reprograms bone marrow niche cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells for leukemia progression, chemoresistance and relapse. The growth and differentiation of MSCs are modulated by leukemia stem cells. Moreover, chromatin abnormality of mesenchymal stem cells is sufficient for leukemia initiation. Here, we summarize the detailed relationship between MSC and leukemia. MSCs can actively and passively regulate the progression of myelogenous leukemia through cell-to-cell contact, cytokine-receptor interaction, and exosome communication. These behaviors benefit LSCs proliferation and survival and inhibit physiological hematopoiesis. Finally, we describe the recent advances in therapy targeting MSC hoping to provide new perspectives and therapeutic strategies for leukemia.
The Chromatin Landscape Channels DNA Double-Strand Breaks to Distinct Repair Pathways
Authors: Chen Zulong , Tyler Jessica K.
Published: June 2022

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), the most deleterious DNA lesions, are primarily repaired by two pathways, namely homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), the choice of which is largely dependent on cell cycle phase and the local chromatin landscape. Recent studies have revealed that post-translational modifications on histones play pivotal roles in regulating DSB repair pathways including repair pathway choice. In this review, we present our current understanding of how these DSB repair pathways are employed in various chromatin landscapes to safeguard genomic integrity. We place an emphasis on the impact of different histone post-translational modifications, characteristic of euchromatin or heterochromatin regions, on DSB repair pathway choice. We discuss the potential roles of damage-induced chromatin modifications in the maintenance of genome and epigenome integrity. Finally, we discuss how RNA transcripts from the vicinity of DSBs at actively transcribed regions also regulate DSB repair pathway choice.
Synergistic Regulation of S-Vacancy of MoS2-Based Materials for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Li Xiao-Yun , Zhu Shao-Ju , Wang Yi-Long , Lian Tian , Yang Xiao-yu , Ye Cui-Fang , Li Yu , Su Bao-Lian , Chen Li-Hua
Published: June 2022

Low or excessively high concentration of S-vacancy (CS-vacancy) is disadvantageous for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of MoS2-based materials. Additionally, alkaline water electrolysis is most likely to be utilized in the industry. Consequently, it is of great importance for fine-tuning CS-vacancy to significantly improve alkaline hydrogen evolution. Herein, we have developed a one-step Ru doping coupled to compositing with CoS2 strategy to precisely regulate CS-vacancy of MoS2-based materials for highly efficient HER. In our strategy, Ru doping favors the heterogeneous nucleation and growth of CoS2, which leads to a high crystallinity of Ru-doped CoS2 (Ru-CoS2) and rich heterogeneous interfaces between Ru-CoS2 and Ru-doped MoS2-x (Ru-MoS2-x). This facilitates the electron transfer from Ru-CoS2 to Ru-MoS2-x, thereby increasing CS-vacancy of MoS2-based materials. Additionally, the electron injection effect increases gradually with an increase in the mass of Co precursor (mCo), which implies more S2- leaching from MoS2 at higher mCo. Subsequently, CS-vacancy of the as-synthesized samples is precisely regulated by the synergistic engineering of Ru doping and compositing with CoS2. At CS-vacancy = 17.1%, a balance between the intrinsic activity and the number of exposed Mo atoms (EMAs) to boost highly active EMAs should be realized. Therefore, the typical samples demonstrate excellent alkaline HER activity, such as a low overpotential of 170 mV at 100 mA cm−2 and a TOF of 4.29 s−1 at -0.2 V. Our results show promise for important applications in the fields of electrocatalysis or energy conversion.
On the Link Between Global Volcanic Activity and Global Mean Sea Level
Authors: Dumont Stéphanie , Petrosino Simona , Neves Maria C.
Published: June 2022

Studying a large number of volcanic eruptions is a way to decipher general characteristics related to volcano dynamics but also on external forcing influencing it, such as solid Earth and ocean tides. Many studies have tackled this tidal influence on the onset of volcanic eruptions and more generally, on volcanic activity. However, the interplay between this quasi-permanent forcing and volcanic systems is still poorly understood. With the present study, we propose to consider a global viewpoint to address this interaction. We analyzed the number of monthly volcanic eruptions and the global mean sea level between 1880 and 2009 using the Singular Spectrum Analysis time-series analysis technique to evaluate the existence of common periodicities. We found multi-decadal components of similar periodicities present in both time-series which we link to those already recognized in the polar motion. Its multi-decadal variations result in a mass reorganization in the oceans whose associated stress changes may impact processes generating volcanic eruptions worldwide. Our results show the influence of global processes on volcanic activity and open many questions to further investigate these multi-scale interactions.
Study on Mechanical Characteristics and Construction Control of the Railway Overlapping Tunnels
Authors: Fengjie Yuan , Yang Liu , Qianwei Xu , Yuanlin Zheng , Lisheng Hu , Ping Zhao , Yuebang Cui
Published: June 2022

In tunnel engineering, newly built tunnels will disturb the surrounding strata and close-to-existing tunnels, which may cause secondary lining cracking and overall damage to existing tunnels. In this paper, combined with the engineering problem of longitudinal cracks in the secondary lining of the lower tunnel caused by the super-close construction of a new tunnel in Chongqing, China, the deformation laws of the tunnel vault, inverted arch, and transverse brace during the construction of an overlapping tunnel are studied by using the finite element method. According to the distribution characteristics of stratum shear stress and plastic zone, the stratum and tunnel disturbance are analyzed. At the same time, combined with the field records, the causes and distribution laws of longitudinal cracks in the lower tunnel lining are explored. The research results show that the main reason for the cracking of the secondary lining is the bias effect of the post-excavation tunnel construction on the lower tunnel. When the tunnel spacing is small, the stratum maximum shear stress is concentrated, the penetration of the plastic deformation zone is more connected, and the settlement of the vault, horizontal convergence, and the deformation of the upper part of the arch waist of the lower tunnel are more intensified. This short-distance bias action causes the deformation of the stratum and the tunnel and eventually cracks in the lining.
Study of the Effect of the Driving Force on the Kinetics of CO2 Hydrate Growth in Coal Particles
Authors: Chuanhai Liu , Ran Chen , Baoyong Zhang , Qiang Wu , Qiang Zhang , Qiong WU
Published: June 2022

Coal and gas outbursts are geological disasters occurring in the process of coal mining that can cause serious casualties and economic losses, among which CH4 is the main component of coal mine gas. However, there are still many coal seams around the world that are dominated by CO2. Although the frequency of CO2 gas outburst accidents is relatively low, CO2 outbursts are very violent, notably difficult to control and highly dangerous. The application of hydration curing technology to reduce the pressure and gradient of CO2 gas in the coal can effectively reduce the occurrence of coal and CO2 outburst. Accordingly, in this paper, experimental studies on the growth kinetics of CO2 hydrate with three driving forces (2, 2.5, 3 MPa) were carried out under four different coal particle sizes (C1: 0.425–0.850 mm, C2: 0.250–0.425 mm, C3: 0.180–0.250 mm, C4: 0–0.180 mm) to obtain kinetic parameters such as gas consumption, growth rate, and heat of decomposition during the synthesis of CO2 hydrate. The results show that the hydrate nucleation time in the same particle size system does not follow the same decreasing trend with increasing driving force. Gas consumption of CO2 hydrates in the same particle size system increased with increasing driving force, and there exists a critical value regarding the effect of the driving force on CO2 hydrate generation in coal particles with the particle size. Under the same temperature conditions, increasing the driving force in the particle size system could increase the CO2 hydrate growth rate. With decreasing coal particle size and increasing driving force, the promoting effect gradually exceed the inhibiting effect, which promote CO2 hydrate formation. Through linear fitting, an equation of the average growth rate of CO2 hydrates versus the driving force for the C1-C4 systems is fitted to provide a reference to predict the average CO2 hydrate growth rate. In the same medium, with increasing driving force, more heat is required for complete decomposition, which remains relatively stable, and the heat of decomposition of CO2 hydrates is the highest in the C1 medium, indicating that the presence of CO2 hydrates in the C1 system represents the most stable state.
Unfolded Protein Response–Related Signature Associates With the Immune Microenvironment and Prognostic Prediction in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Zhang Zhao , Liu Xincheng , Cheng Debin , Dang Jingyi , Mi Zhenzhou , Shi Yubo , Wang Lei , Fan Hongbin
Published: June 2022

Background: Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant bone tumor commonly occurring in adolescents with a poor 5-year survival rate. The unfolded protein response (UPR) can alleviate the accumulation of misfolded proteins to maintain homeostasis under endoplasmic reticulum stress. The UPR is linked to the occurrence, progression, and drug resistance of tumors. However, the function of UPR-related genes (UPRRGs) in disease progression and prognosis of osteosarcoma remains unclear.

Methods: The mRNA expression profiling and corresponding clinical features of osteosarcoma were acquired from TARGET and GEO databases. Consensus clustering was conducted to confirm different UPRRG subtypes. Subsequently, we evaluated the prognosis and immune status of the different subtypes. Functional analysis of GO, GSEA, and GSVA was used to reveal the molecular mechanism between the subtypes. Finally, four genes (STC2, PREB, TSPYL2, and ATP6V0D1) were screened to construct and validate a risk signature to predict the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma.

Result: We identified two subtypes according to the UPRRG expression patterns. The subgroup with higher immune scores, lower tumor purity, and active immune status was linked to a better prognosis. Meanwhile, functional enrichment revealed that immune-related signaling pathways varied markedly in the two subtypes, suggesting that the UPR might influence the prognosis of osteosarcoma via influencing the immune microenvironment. Moreover, prognostic signature and nomogram models were developed based on UPRRGs, and the results showed that our model has an excellent performance in predicting the prognosis of osteosarcoma. qPCR analysis was also conducted to verify the expression levels of the four genes.

Conclusion: We revealed the crucial contribution of UPRRGs in the immune microenvironment and prognostic prediction of osteosarcoma patients and provided new insights for targeted therapy and prognostic assessment of the disease.
Contribution of HLA and KIR Alleles to Systemic Sclerosis Susceptibility and Immunological and Clinical Disease Subtypes
Authors: Hanson Aimee L. , Sahhar Joanne , Ngian Gene-Siew , Roddy Janet , Walker Jennifer , Stevens Wendy , Nikpour Mandana , Assassi Shervin , Proudman Susanna , Mayes Maureen D. , Kenna Tony J. , Brown Matthew A.
Published: June 2022

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoinflammatory, fibrotic condition of unknown aetiology. The presence of detectable autoantibodies against diverse nuclear antigens, as well as strong HLA associations with disease, suggest autoimmune involvement, however the links between endogenous and exogenous risk factors and SSc pathology remain undetermined. We have conducted a genetic analysis ofHLAinheritance in two independent and meta-analysed cohorts of 1,465 SSc cases and 13,273 controls, including stratified association analyses in clinical and autoantibody positive subgroups of disease. Additionally, we have used patient genotypes to impute gene dosages across theKIRlocus, encoding paired activating and inhibitory lymphocyte receptors for Class I HLA ligands, to conduct the largest analysis ofKIR-HLAepistatic interactions in SSc to date. We confirm previous Class II HLA associations with SSc risk and report a new Class I association with haplotypeHLA-B*44:03-HLA-C*16:01 at genome-wide significance (GWS). We further report statistically significantHLAassociations with clinical and serological subtypes of disease through direct case-case comparison, and report a new association ofHLA-DRB1*15:01, previously shown to bind topoisomerase-1 derived peptides, with anti-topoisomerase (ATA) positive disease. Finally, we identify genetic epistasis between KIRs and HLA class I ligands, suggesting genetic modulation of lymphocyte activation may further contribute to an individual’s underlying disease risk. Taken together, these findings support future functional investigation into endogenous immunological and environmental stimuli for disrupted immune tolerance in SSc.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of CPR5 Genes in Gossypium Reveals Their Potential Role in Trichome Development
Authors: Wang Heng , Umer Muhammad Jawad , Liu Fang , Cai Xiaoyan , Zheng Jie , Xu Yanchao , Hou Yuqing , Zhou Zhongli
Published: June 2022

Trichomes protect plants against insects, microbes, herbivores, and abiotic damages and assist seed dispersal. The function of CPR5 genes have been found to be involved in the trichome development but the research on the underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms are extremely limited. Herein, genome wide identification and characterization of CPR5 genes was performed. In total, 26 CPR5 family members were identified in Gossypium species. Phylogenetic analysis, structural characteristics, and synteny analysis of CPR5s showed the conserved evolution relationships of CPR5. The promoter analysis of CPR5 genes revealed hormone, stress, and development-related cis-elements. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the CPR5 genes were largely related to biological regulation, developmental process, multicellular organismal process. Protein-protein interaction analysis predicted several trichome development related proteins (SIM, LGO, and GRL) directly interacting with CPR5 genes. Further, nine putative Gossypium-miRNAs were also identified, targeting Gossypium CPR5 genes. RNA-Seq data of G. arboreum (with trichomes) and G. herbaceum (with no trichomes) was used to perform the co-expression network analysis. GheCPR5.1 was identified as a hub gene in a co-expression network analysis. RT-qPCR of GheCPR5.1 gene in different tissues suggests that this gene has higher expressions in the petiole and might be a key candidate involved in the trichome development. Virus induced gene silencing of GheCPR5.1 (Ghe02G17590) confirms its role in trichome development and elongation. Current results provide proofs of the possible role of CPR5 genes and provide preliminary information for further studies of GheCPR5.1 functions in trichome development.
Targeted Analysis of circRNA Expression in Patient Samples by Lexo-circSeq
Authors: Naarmann-de Vries Isabel S. , Eschenbach Jessica , Schudy Sarah , Meder Benjamin , Dieterich Christoph
Published: June 2022

Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been extensively studied in animals and plants. circRNAs are generated by backsplicing from the same linear transcripts that are canonically spliced to produce, for example, mature mRNAs. circRNAs exhibit tissue-specific expression and are potentially involved in many diseases, among them cardiovascular diseases. The comprehensive analysis of circRNA expression patterns across larger patient cohorts requires a streamlined and cost-effective workflow designed to meet small input requirements. In this article, we present Lexo-circSeq, a targeted RNA sequencing approach that can profile up to 110 circRNAs and their corresponding linear transcripts in one experiment. We established Lexo-circSeq employing total human heart RNA and show that our protocol can detect depletion of a specific circRNA in hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Finally, Lexo-circSeq was applied to biopsies from patients diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), respectively. Interestingly, our results indicate that circular-to-linear-ratios for circSLC8A1 and circRBM33 are deregulated in cardiomyopathy.
Multivalent Interaction of Beta-Catenin With its Intrinsically Disordered Binding Partner Adenomatous Polyposis Coli
Authors: Rowling Pamela J. E. , Murton Ben L. , Du Zhen , Itzhaki Laura S.
Published: June 2022

The Wnt signalling pathway plays key roles in cell proliferation, differentiation and fate decisions in embryonic development and maintenance of adult tissues, and the twelve Armadillo (ARM) repeat-containing protein β-catenin acts as the signal transducer in this pathway. Here we investigate the interaction between β-catenin’s ARM repeat domain and the intrinsically disordered protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). APC is a giant multivalent scaffold that brings together the different components of the so-called “β-catenin destruction complex”, which drives β-catenin degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Mutations and truncations in APC, resulting in loss of APC function and hence elevated β-catenin levels and upregulation of Wnt signalling, are associated with numerous cancers including colorectal carcinomas. APC has a long intrinsically disordered region (IDR) that contains a series of 15-residue and 20-residue binding regions for β-catenin. Here we explore the multivalent nature of the interaction of β-catenin with the highest affinity APC repeat, both at equilibrium and under kinetic conditions. We use a combination of single-site substitutions, deletions and insertions to dissect the mechanism of molecular recognition and the roles of the three β-catenin-binding subdomains of APC.
Effects of Outdoor Walking on Positive and Negative Affect: Nature Contact Makes a Big Difference
Authors: Legrand Fabien D. , Jeandet Philippe , Beaumont Fabien , Polidori Guillaume
Published: June 2022

It has been consistently demonstrated that physical exercise is a cost-effective way to promote emotional well-being. However, the environment in which it takes place might amplify or mitigate this beneficial effect. The present study aimed at comparing the effects of walking in a natural or urban field setting on positive and negative affect. For this purpose, 150 students (46 female, 104 male; mean age: 20.2 years) were randomized into one of three groups: Green Walking (GW, n = 50), Urban Walking (UW, n = 50), or no-exercise (control; CTRL, n = 50). Positive and negative affect ratings were collected for each participant before and after walking (or before and after attending a class in the CTRL group). Exercise parameters (duration, intensity, weather conditions, group size) were identical in the GW and UW groups. The walking routes differed in terms of vegetation density, proximity of water, presence of traffic, and amount of asphalted surfaces. Participants in the GW and UW groups reported significant reductions in negative affect pre- to post walking. However, positive affect was increased only for participants in the GW group. This finding may have meaningful implications for mental health professionals who treat patients with significant emotional distress or mood instability. Several explanations are discussed as potential mechanisms for the more beneficial effect of Green walking, and presented as an important avenue for future research.
The Nature of Illusions: A New Synthesis Based on Verifiability
Authors: Tyler Christopher W.
Published: June 2022

This overview discusses the nature of perceptual illusions with particular reference to the theory that illusions represent the operation of a sensory code for which there is no meaningful ground truth against which the illusory percepts can be compared, and therefore there are no illusions as such. This view corresponds to the Bayesian theory that “illusions” reflect unusual aspects of the core strategies of adapting to the natural world, again implying that illusions are simply an information processing characteristic. Instead, it is argued that a more meaningful approach to the field that we call illusions is the Ebbinghaus approach of comparing the illusory percept with a ground truth that is directly verifiable as aberrant by the observer in the domain of the illusory phenomenology (as opposed to relying on the authority of other experts). This concept of direct verifiability not only provides an operational definition of “illusion”; it also makes their interactive observation more effective and informative as to the perceptual processes underlying the illusory appearance. An expanded version of Gregory’s categorization of types of illusion is developed, and a range of classic and more recent illusions that illustrate the differences between these philosophical viewpoints is considered in detail. Such cases make it clear that the discrepancies from the measurable image structure cannot be simply regarded as idiosyncrasies of sensory coding, but are categorical exemplars of perceptual illusions. The widespread existence of such illusory percepts is indicative of the evolutionary limits of adaptive sensory coding.
Autism Spectrum Disorder Genes: Disease-Related Networks and Compensatory Strategies
Authors: Lim Hye Kyung , Yoon Jong Hyuk , Song Minseok
Published: June 2022

The mammalian brain comprises structurally and functionally distinct regions. Each of these regions has characteristic molecular mechanisms that mediate higher-order tasks, such as memory, learning, emotion, impulse, and motor control. Many genes are involved in neuronal signaling and contribute to normal brain development. Dysfunction of essential components of neural signals leads to various types of brain disorders. Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social deficits, communication challenges, and compulsive repetitive behaviors. Long-term genetic studies have uncovered key genes associated with autism spectrum disorder, such as SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3, methyl-CpG binding protein 2, neurexin 1, and chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 8. In addition, disease-associated networks have been identified using animal models, and the understanding of the impact of these genes on disease susceptibility and compensation is deepening. In this review, we examine rescue strategies using key models of autism spectrum disorder.