bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demanda hídrica e coeficientes de cultivo de milho safrinha consorciado com braquiária
Authors: Fietz Carlos Ricardo , Comunello Elder , Garcia Rodrigo Arroyo , Flumignam Danilton Luiz , Ceccon Gessi
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a demanda hídrica e os coeficientes de cultivo do consórcio milho com braquiária. O experimento foi conduzido na Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, em Dourados, MS. A necessidade hídrica do consórcio foi determinada com um lisímetro de pesagem. O trabalho foi realizado nas entressafras da soja de 2015 e 2017. O milho e a braquiária foram semeados nas mesmas linhas, espaçadas de 0,45 m. Os coeficientes de cultivo do consórcio apresentaram valores de 0,6 na fase inicial, 1,2 na fase intermediária e 0,55 na fase final. O Kc máximo do consórcio foi similar ao recomendado pela FAO para milho solteiro.
Indicadores bioclimáticos e simulação de potenciais perdas econômicas da produção de leite em Pernambuco
Authors: Moura Gustavo André Bernado , Silva Thieres George Freire , Souza Luciana Sandra Bastos de , Jardim Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz , Alves Hygor Kristoph Muniz Nunes , Pinheiro Antônio Gebson , Salvador Kaique Renan da Silva , Souza Leonardo Francelino de
Published: March 2020

Objetivou-se estimar os impactos potenciais do clima na produção de leite ao longo do ano em Pernambuco, por meio da análise do conforto térmico, redução do consumo alimentar, declínio da produção de leite e das perdas econômicas. Utilizou-se dados de oito estações meteorológicas convencionais distribuídas no Estado, pertencentes ao Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, com séries de dados acima de 30 anos, para cálculo dos seguintes indicadores bioclimáticos: índice de temperatura e umidade (ITU), redução do consumo alimentar e declínio da produção de leite (DPL). Para estimativa das perdas econômicas, considerou-se o DPL e o valor médio pago ao produtor pelo litro de leite. Em todos locais estudados, verificou-se redução do consumo alimentar, podendo chegar até 1,64 kg animal-1 dia-1. Ainda que, em média, alguns locais não apresentaram ITU > 74 (limite crítico), em pelo menos parte do ano, todos os locais registram declínio da produção de leite, exceto no município de Triunfo para o nível produtivo (NP) de 10 kg animal-1 dia-1. Nota-se que, à medida que o NP dos animais foi maior o efeito potencial do clima no DPL foi mais pronunciado. As perdas atingiram até 4,31 kg animal-1 dia-1, o que resultou em redução da rentabilidade de até R$2,06 por dia e R$ 556,20 por lactação.
Soma térmica para estabelecimento de novas cultivares de cana-de-açúcar
Authors: Knapp Fábio Miguel , Caron Braulio Otomar , Sgarbossa Jaqueline , Silva Marcelo Damaceno da , Olibone Ana Julia , Tibolla Liliane Bárbara , Souza Velci Queiroz de
Published: March 2020

O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a soma térmica necessária do plantio à emergência de toletes de cana-de-açúcar e o filocrono de mudas da emergência até a emissão da quarta folha de genótipos de cana-de-açúcar desenvolvidos para o cultivo na região Sul do Brasil. Um experimento em casa de vegetação, com 15 genótipos foi conduzido em Frederico Westphalen, RS. Os genótipos de cana-de-açúcar utilizados foram UFSM XIKA FW, UFSM LUCI FW, UFSM PRETA FW, UFSM DINA FW, UFSM MARI FW, RB855156, RB966928, RB946903, RB925345, RB965902, RB867515, RB925268, RB935744, RB845210, IAC87-3396. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso com 4 repetições. Calculou-se a soma térmica necessária do plantio a emergência e a soma térmica da emergência até a emissão da quarta folha e seu respectivo filocrono (°C folha-1). A soma térmica, bem como o filocrono, mostrou grande variação entre os genótipos. Os genótipos UFSM FW obtiveram os melhores desempenhos e a cultivar UFSM LUCI FW foi a com menores taxas de soma térmica e filocrono necessário para emissão de folhas, evidenciando crescimento e desenvolvimento superiores aos outros genótipos nas condições climáticas da região Sul do Brasil.
Demir veya Çelikten Eşya Ticaretinde Türkiye’nin Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlüğü ve Rekabet Gücü
Authors: FİDAN Hüseyin
Published: March 2020

Demir-Çelik
endüstrisi Türkiye ekonomisi için hem dış ticaret açığının kapatılması hem de
istihdam bakımından önemli bir paya sahiptir. Türkiye’nin dünya ölçeğinde
rekabet gücüne sahip olduğu önemli bir endüstri koludur. Bu çalışmanın amacı,
Türkiye demir veya çelikten eşya sektörünün uluslararası ticarette rekabet
gücünü analiz etmektir. Bu çalışmada, GTİP 6 ölçeğinde demir veya çelikten eşya
grubu incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Balassa’nın Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı
Üstünlükler (RCA) endeksi ve Vollrath endeksleri kullanılmıştır. Alt sektör
bazında rekabet analizi yapılmış ve ihracatçı firmalara yol gösterici sonuçlar
elde edilmiştir. 2001-2018 dönemini kapsayan analizlere ait veriler
Uluslararası Ticaret Merkezi (ITC-TRADEMAP) ve Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK)
veri tabanlarından elde edilmiştir. Bu analizler için dünyanın önemli ihracatçı
ülkeleri olan Almanya, İtalya, Fransa, Polonya, Çek Cumhuriyeti, Avusturya ve
Hollanda incelenmiştir. Elde edilen Balassa ve Vollrath endekslerine göre;
Türkiye demir veya çelikten eşya ihracatında uluslararası karşılaştırmalı
üstünlüğe sahiptir. Balassa endeksine göre Türkiye, Fransa ve Hollanda’ya karşı
rekabet üstünlüğüne sahipken; Vollrath endeksine göre; Türkiye, Almanya,
Fransa, Polonya, Çek Cumhuriyeti, Avusturya ve Hollanda karşı rekabet
üstünlüğüne sahiptir.
Karbondioksitli Kaskad Soğutma Sistemlerinin Enerji Performans Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KOVACI Tuğba
Published: March 2020

Bu
çalışmada, R744 + R717 / R1234ze / R134a / R152a soğutkanları kullanılan dört
farklı kaskad sisteminin karşılaştırılması sunulmuştur. Analiz -45°C’den
-20°C’ye değişen farklı evaporatör sıcaklıklarında ve 30°C’den 50°C’ye değişen
farklı kondenser sıcaklıklarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Evaporatör sıcaklığı
25°C arttırıldığında, tüm sistemin soğutma performansı (COPSYS)
değeri yaklaşık %60 ila %64 arasında artmış ve kompresör gücü de yaklaşık %38
oranında azalmıştır. Kondenser sıcaklığının 20°C arttırılması, COPSYS'de
%29 34 oranında bir azalmaya ve kompresör gücünde yaklaşık %38-50 oranında bir
artışa neden olmuştur. Sonuçlara göre, düşük küresel ısınma potansiyeli (GWP)
ve yüksek soğutma performansı değerine sahip olan R744/R717 soğutucu
akışkanları kullanılan "sistem 1" kombinasyonunun, incelenen diğer
kaskad soğutma sistemlerinden daha verimli olduğunu belirlenmiştir.
Postmodern Bir Film Anlatısı: Kayıp Otoban (Lost Highway)
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Ali
Published: March 2020

Sanat
dallarından mimari, edebiyat ve sinema başta olmak üzere birçok alanda
kendisini hissettirten postmodernizm, batı medeniyetini sürükleyen politik
tepki hareketlerinin bir yansıması olarak bilinir. Genel anlamda yeni bir
kültürel olgu olarak, modernizme karşı oluşan bir tepki hareketi olarak
nitelendirilebilir. Ancak her ne kadar modernizmin tekliğine karşı var olmuş
bir olgu olarak görülse de postmodernist kuramcılarından olan Foucault ve
Lyotard’a göre, estetik anlatının günlük hayat pratiklerine karışması sonucu
oluşan bir yaklaşımdır.

Eklektik
bir anlatı yapısına sahip olan postmodernizim, her türlü sanatsal anlayışı
irdeleyip kullanabilme potansiyelini bünyesinde taşır. Bu yapısıyla hikâye
aktarımında iç içe geçmiş örgüsel olay akışı üzerinden ilerler. Ancak film
anlatısında kullanılan bu yöntem, izleyicinin filmi anlamlandırmasını
zorlaştırabilmektedir. Bu zorluğun temelinde ise olay örgüsünde yaratılmış olan
alt ve üst katmanlar arasındaki bağlantıyı anlamlandıramamasından kaynaklanmaktadır.

Bu
çalışmanın amacı postmodern anlatı örneklerinden olan Kayıp Otoban (Lost Highway 1997) filminin türün özelliklerini
yansıtıp yansıtmadığını üzerinde bir analiz yapmaktır. Ancak bu analizi
postmodern sinemanın özelliklerinden olan pastiş, parodi ya da ironi üzerinden
yapılmayacaktır. Bunun nedeni David Lynch’in olay aktarımında gerçeklik ve
kurgu yoluyla aktarımını yaparken aynı zamanda gerçek ve gerçekdışılık
arasındaki ayrımın bulanıklaştırmasıdır.
Üniversitenin Markalaşması: Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi’nin Markalaşma Sürecinin İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Celile , ÇETİNKAYA BOZKURT Özlem , DAL Nil Esra
Published: March 2020

Günümüzde ürün ve hizmetler gibi üniversiteler de marka olma yolunda
ilerlemektedirler. Artan rekabet ortamları ve üniversitelerin ulusal ve
uluslararası bilinirliğini artırma çabaları üniversitelerin markalaşmasını
zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy
Üniversitesi’nin marka üniversite olma sürecinde hangi adımları uyguladığını
içerik analizi ile incelemek ve üniversitenin marka yönetim sürecine dair
değerlendirmelerde ve önerilerde bulunmaktır. Elde edilen verilere göre
markalaşma sürecine durum analizi yaparak başlayan üniversite, güçlü ve zayıf
yönlerini analiz ederek çalışmalarını sürdürmüştür. Kendini Burdur ilinin can
damarında yer alan Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi ailesi olarak konumlandıran
üniversite, ‘İstiklalden İstikbale’ sloganı ile insanların zihninde yer etme
çabası ile süreci yönetmektedir. ‘Hayvancılık ve Hayvancılığa Dayalı
Sanayiciliğin Geliştirilmesi’ alanında Kalkınma Bakanlığı tarafından
desteklenecek 5 pilot üniversiteden biri olarak seçilen Burdur Mehmet Akif
Ersoy Üniversitesi yöre ile ilintili olarak hayvancılık, hayvancılığa dayalı
sanayi ve özellikle gıda sanayi konusunda da konumlandırma çalışmaları
yapmaktadır.
PENGANTAR
Authors: alfriana
Published: March 2020

Sistem informasi manajemen adalah sistem perencanaan bagian dari pengendalian internal suatu bisnis yang meliputi pemanfaatan dari manusia, dokumen, teknologi, dan prosedur oleh akutansi manajemen untuk memecahkan masalah bisnis seperti biaya produk, sistem layanan, atau suatu strategi bisnis.Sistem informasi manajemen dibedakan dengan sistem informasi karena SIM digunakan untuk mengananlisis sistem informasi lain yang diterapkan pada aktivitas operasional organisasi. Secara akademis, istilah ini umumnya digunakan untuk merjuk pada kelompok metode menejemen informasi yang bertalian dengan otomasi atau dukungan terhadap pengambilan keputusan manusia misalnya sistem pendukung keputusan, sistem pakar dan sistem informasi eksekutif.
The principle of maximum entropy and quantum error correction in contexts of quantum gravity
Authors: Icefield William
Published: March 2020

This paper is no longer maintained, succeeded by a new paper that combines ideas from multiple works. Please refer to the new paper.
Selection Effects on Dishonest Behavior
Authors: Houdek Petr , Bahník Štěpán , Hudik Marek , Vranka Marek Albert
Published: March 2020

Many experimental studies use random assignment to identify factors influencing dishonesty. However, in real-life, people deliberately choose dishonesty-enabling environments. In two laboratory experiments, we let participants self-select in two tasks, one of which enabled them to cheat. We found that participants low in the honesty-humility were more likely to choose the cheating-enabling task. Furthermore, after choosing it, they cheated even more than when they were randomly assigned to it for the first time. When choosing the cheating-enabling task was costly, the interest in it decreased, but those who chose the task anyway cheated even more. An intervention based on social proof aimed to discourage self-selection into the cheating-enabling environment had the opposite effect. The results suggest that immoral individuals are likely to dominate cheating-enabling environments, where they cheat extensively. Interventions trying to limit the choice of these environments may backfire and lead to the selection of the worst fraudsters.
Kegiatan Center for Community Based Renewable Energy (CORE) Universitas Udayana Dalam Mendukung Pencapaian Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: UDAYANA Core
Published: March 2020

Pada tanggal 25 September 2015 bertempat di Markas Besar Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB), para pemimpin dunia secara resmi mengesahkan Agenda Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (Sustainable Development Goals) sebagai kesepakatan pembangunan global. CORE Universitas Udayana dibentuk oleh Rektor Universitas Udayana berdasarkan SK Rektor No 210/UN.14/HK/2016 yang didukung oleh Konsorsium Perguruan Tinggi Hijau Indonesia yang didanai oleh Millenium Challenge Account Indonesia (MCA-I) Pemerintah Amerika Serikat. Sejak berdiri CORE telah melakukan berbagai kegiatan seperti pengkajian penerapan teknologi, penelitian terapan dan juga pengabdian masyarakat. Di samping itu, CORE juga telah berhasil membangun jejaring nasional dan internasional untuk mendukung perkembangan energi terbarukan di Indonesia.
Algorithmic Discrimination Causes Less Moral Outrage than Human Discrimination
Authors: Bigman Yochanan , Gray Kurt , Waytz Adam , Arnestad Mads , Wilson Desman
Published: March 2020

Companies and governments are using algorithms to improve decision-making for hiring, medical treatments, and parole. The use of algorithms holds promise for overcoming human biases in decision-making, but they frequently make decisions that discriminate. Media coverage suggests that people are morally outraged by algorithmic discrimination, but here we examine whether people are less outraged by algorithmic discrimination than by human discrimination. Eight studies test this algorithmic outrage deficit hypothesis in the context of gender discrimination in hiring practices across diverse participant groups (online samples, a quasi-representative sample, and a sample of tech workers). We find that people are less morally outraged by algorithmic (vs. human) discrimination and are less likely to hold the organization responsible. The algorithmic outrage deficit is driven by the reduced attribution of prejudicial motivation to algorithms. Just as algorithms dampen outrage, they also dampen praise—companies enjoy less of a reputational boost when their algorithms (vs. employees) reduce gender inequality. Our studies also reveal a downstream consequence of algorithmic outrage deficit—people are less likely to find the company legally liable when the discrimination was caused by an algorithm (vs. a human). We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these results, including the potential weakening of collective action to address systemic
Robo-investment aversion
Authors: Niszczota Paweł , Kaszás Dániel
Published: March 2020

In five experiments (N = 3,828), we investigate whether people prefer investment decisions to be made by human investment managers rather than by algorithms (“robos”). In all of the studies we investigate morally controversial companies, as it is plausible that a preference for humans as investment managers becomes exacerbated in areas where machines are less competent, such as morality. In Study 1, participants rated the permissibility of an algorithm to autonomously exclude morally controversial stocks from investment portfolios as lower than if a human fund manager did the same; this finding was not different if participants were informed that such exclusions might be financially disadvantageous for them. In Study 2, we show that this robo-investment aversion manifests itself both when considering investment in controversial and non-controversial industries. In Study 3, our findings show that robo-investment aversion is also present when algorithms are given the autonomy to increase investment in controversial stocks. In Studies 4 and 5, we investigate choices between actual humans and an algorithm. In Study 4 – which was incentivized – participants show no robo-investment aversion, but are significantly less likely to choose machines as investment managers for controversial stocks. In contrast, in Study 5 robo-investment aversion is present, but it is not different across controversial and non-controversial stocks. Overall, our findings show a considerable mean effect size for robo-investment aversion (d = –0.39 [–0.45, –0.32]). This suggests that algorithm aversion extends to the financial realm, supporting the existence of a barrier for the adoption of innovative financial technologies (FinTech).
Perceptual effects of unequal saccadic adaptation produced by a dichoptic step
Authors: Kosovicheva Anna , Bex Peter J.
Published: March 2020

The binocular coordination of eye movements in a three-dimensional environment involves a combination of saccade and vergence movements. To maintain binocular accuracy and control in the face of sensory and motor changes (that occur with e.g. normal aging, surgery, corrective lenses), the oculomotor system must adapt in response to manifest visual errors. This may be achieved through a combination of binocular and monocular mechanisms, including the recalibration of saccade and vergence amplitudes in response to different visual errors induced in each eye (Maiello, Harrison, & Bex, 2016). This work has used a double-step paradigm to recalibrate eye movements in response to visual errors produced by dichoptic target steps (e.g., leftward in the left eye and rightward in the right eye). Here, we evaluated the immediate perceptual effects of this adaptation. Experiment 1 measured localization errors following adaptation, by comparing the apparent locations of pre- and post- saccadic probes. Consistent with previous work showing localization errors following saccadic adaptation, our results demonstrated that adaptation to a dichoptic step produces different localization errors in the two eyes. Furthermore, in Experiment 2, this effect was reduced for a vergence shift in the absence of a saccade, indicating that saccade programming is responsible for a large component of this illusory shift. Experiment 3 measured post-saccadic stereopsis thresholds and indicated that, unlike localization judgments, adaptation did not influence stereoacuity. Together, these results demonstrate novel dichoptic visual errors following oculomotor adaptation, and point to monocular and binocular mechanisms involved in the maintenance of binocular coordination.
An agent-based model of multi-dimensional opinion dynamics and opinion alignment
Authors: Schweighofer Simon , Garcia David , Schweitzer Frank
Published: March 2020

It is known that individual opinions on different policy issues often align to a dominant ideological dimension (e.g. ``left'' vs. ``right'') and become increasingly polarized. We provide an agent-based model that reproduces these two stylized facts as emergent properties of an opinion dynamics in a multi-dimensional space of continuous opinions. The mechanisms for the change of agents' opinions in this multi-dimensional space are derived from cognitive dissonance theory and structural balance theory. We test assumptions from proximity voting and from directional voting regarding their ability to reproduce the expected emerging properties. We further study how the emotional involvement of agents, i.e. their individual resistance to change opinions, impacts the dynamics. We identify two regimes for the global and the individual alignment of opinions. If the affective involvement is high and shows a large variance across agents, this fosters the emergence of a dominant ideological dimension. Agents align their opinions along this dimension in opposite directions, i.e. create a state of polarization.
Investment Pattern of Financially Literate Persons in Nepal
Authors: Dangol Jeetendra , Shakya Rohi
Published: March 2020

The paper investigates the investment pattern of financially literate persons based on 314 individual investors of Nepal. The mean, ANOVA and logistic regression is used. The results show that investors have higher level of financial literacy level. Among them, male participants, investors of age group 20-30 and income level of Rs 50,001 and above scored higher in financial literacy. The financial literacy increased with increase in the education level as well as the income level. The study reveals that there are differences between investment patterns among the high and low financially literate persons. These groups differ in term of their investment preferences, investment objectives, investment tenure, sources of investment advices and awareness level.
Determinants of bank selection among working people in Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Sanil Siddartha , Paudel Phadindra Kumar
Published: March 2020

The major objective of the study is to know the determinant of bank selection among working people in Kathmandu Valley. The study has explored seven factors which are core service delivery, external and internal aesthetics of bank, convenience, financial benefit, technology, recommendation by peers and staff. The study developed the questionnaire considering these seven factors and to confirm the reliability, questionnaire was distributed to 10 people which revealed questionnaire was fairly reliable for research administration. Arithmetic Mean, ANOVA and correlation analysis are basis for statistical analysis. The study finds that convenience significantly impacts the banking decisions among working people in Kathmandu Valley which includes item like convenient location, close to home, adequate number of location, security, convenience, reputation of organization and proximity. Bank should focus more on items like accurate account information and pleasant bank atmosphere. Working people are more sensitive in cost rather than benefit and they are more sensitive to interest rate in fixed deposit to saving in banking decision. Correlation analysis in study asserts that recommendation by peers is weekly correlated with other factor which research found that banks need to improve in faster service, queue management, front desk employee, ATM and mobile service and information sharing.
Determinants of Green Brand Trust and the Mediating Role of Green Brand Satisfaction
Authors: Sharma Angel , Paudel Phadindra Kumar
Published: March 2020

This research attempts to examine how perceived green brand quality and perceived performance influences customers trust in green brands through enhancing brand satisfaction. Using a sample of 108 customers in Hong Kong who were observed buying green tissue products, we investigate the relationship of perceived green brand quality and perceived performance with green brand trust, and the mediating effects of green brand satisfaction on these relationships. The results show that perceived green brand quality and perceived performance positively contribute to green brand trust directly and green brand satisfaction is an effective mechanism through which perceived green brand quality and perceived performance promote trust in a green brand.
Parental and Peer Influence on the Saving Behavior of the Youth
Authors: Dangol Jeetendra , Maharjan Saru
Published: March 2020

This paper explores the parental and peer factors which influence the saving behavior of the youth. This paper is based on a structured questionnaire with various dimensions of the saving behavior, parental and peer influence. Judgmental and convenience sampling techniques were used to collect the data of 390 respondents from Kathmandu Valley who have completed Master’s degree and are employed. The study reveals that there is significant relationship between peer influence and saving behavior. Similarly, there is significant relationship between parental financial teaching and saving behavior. Independence, control, habit formation, encouraging saving are mechanisms that influences saving behavior. However parent’s encouragement to save highly affects the saving behavior. Therefore receiving financial teaching from parents ensures sound saving behavior.
Collaboration for Knowledge Creation in Nepalese Hospitality Industry
Authors: Maharjan Pushpa
Published: March 2020

This paper examines the different factors promoting collaboration for knowledge creation in the hospitality industry such as hotel, travel and trekking agencies. The study is based on primary data with 382 responses. The self-administered questionnaires were used to collect the perceptive opinions from the respondents. The study concludes that hospitality industry employees’ supportive and participative behaviour and keep each other informed about work-related issues in the team have a larger impact on the knowledge creation while each employee contributes equally to the organisation’s service innovation influences less.
Balancing Act: An Approach for Organization Management in the 21st Century
Authors: Thapa Ajay
Published: March 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to discuss why the balancing act is an important approach in leading or managing public and private organizations in the 21st century. The paper presents a brief concept of the terms; exhibits a critical discussion on the application of balancing act between the various approaches of organization management such as continuity and diversity, individual and organization incentive, conformity and individualism, centralization and decentralization, face to face and distant communications, and different but complementary roles into public and private organizations; and finally draws a conclusion. The paper is expected to be useful for the leaders and/or managers of public and private organizations to manage organizations efficiently and effectively.
Dementia as a Public Health Priority
Authors: Sapkota N. , Subedi S.
Published: March 2020

No abstract available.
Consultation Liaison Psychiatry: A Study at GMC
Authors: Thapa D.K. , Lamichhane N. , Timasina R. , Subedi S.
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Consultation Liaison Psychiatry is the fusion of Psychiatry and general medicine. The presence of mental disorders in physically ill people is often associated with poor medication compliance, slower or incomplete recovery, poor participation in the rehabilitation program, increased mortality and the high psychiatric comorbidity to other medical disorders in hospitalized patients significantly increases their length of hospital stay. Therefore, mental health professionals have important role to provide holistic care to people with various physical illnesses.

Material and Method: This is a hospital- based, cross- sectional, descriptive study conducted for the period of six months, from 1st Baisakh, 2076 (14th April, 2019) to 30th Asoj, 2076 (17th October, 2019) at the department of Psychiatry at Gandaki Medical College, Pokhara, Nepal. This study was conducted to diagnose the various psychiatric disorders among the in-patients suffering from other physical illness, which were referred from other medical specialties. The psychiatric evaluation and the diagnosis were made by the consultant psychiatrists.

Results: The total number of cases enrolled were163, out of which male were 96 (58.8%) and female were 67 (41.2%) in numbers. The age of the patients ranged from 6 years to 90 years with the mean age of 41.17 ± 18.57 years. Majority of the in- patient cases referred for psychiatric assessment were from the Internal medicine (42.3%), followed by ICU (23.3%), Surgery (12.8%), Orthopedics (9.8%) and Gynecology and Obstetrics (7.3%) specialty. Among the in- patient referral cases, the most common psychiatric diagnosis was substance dependence syndrome (39.2%), followed by anxiety disorder (17.1%), delirium due to general medical condition (12.2%), depression (6.7%), seizure disorder (6.7%) and intentional self harm (5.5%).

Conclusion: Under Consultation Liaison Psychiatry, the most common diagnoses to look for are the substance dependence syndrome, anxiety disorder, delirium, depression, seizure disorder, self harm etc.
Treatment Non-Compliance In Patients Suffering From Schizophrenia And Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD): A Comparative Study
Authors: Paudel K. , Subedi S.
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Non-adherence to appropriately prescribed medication for psychiatric disorders prevents patients from realizing the full benefits of their treatment and negatively impacts on individuals, their families and the healthcare system. Understanding and reducing non-adherence is therefore a key challenge to quality care for patients with psychiatric disorders. This finding highlights the prevalence, consequence of non-adherence and barriers to adherence. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine the incidence and factors associated with medication non-compliance among patients suffering from schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorders.

Material and Method: This cross-sectional study included 94 schizophrenia and 76 bipolar affective disorder subjects who were visited psychiatric OPD of tertiary level hospital and disproportionate stratified random sampling method. An anonymous socio-demographic as well contributing factor questionnaire pre tested, semi structured pro forma by interview method and a clinical proforma designed by Morisky, the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) were used for data collection.

Results: The prevalence of non-compliance was 88%, the independent predictors of non-compliance were; seeking for traditional/spiritual treatment, weight gain as side effects of drugs , increased number of medication (p=0.038), beginning of medication start (p=0.057), unemployment (p=0.059), low level of insight/education (p=0.044), male as gender (p=0.016).

Conclusion: Based on the outcome of the study, we recommend the development of psycho-educational programmes on compliance and the active involvement of the relatives and significant others in the management of patients of mentally ill patients.
Serum Lithium in Patients in Remission of Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Lamichhane N. , Timasina R.R. , Thapa D.K. , Sharma R. , Vaidya L. , Subedi A. , Chaudhary D.K.
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Bipolar affective disorder a chronic, and highly disabling psychiatric disorder is one of the leading causes of disability and is estimated to affect more than 1% of the global population irrespective of origin, ethnicity, nationality or socioeconomic status. The effectiveness of lithium in mania and psychotic excitement was proven first proven in 1960 and since then lithium is considered to be a gold standard treatment for bipolar disorder.

Material and Method: A total of one hundred thirty five patients with bipolar disorder were enrolled in a prospective study to analyze the serum lithium levels on maintenance dose of lithium. After ethical clearance data was collected from patients attending BG Hospital and Research Centre from July 2013 to July 2019. The patients who were on maintenance treatment with different doses of lithium only were included. These patients were tested for serum lithium concentration as per lithium monitoring guidelines. Serum Lithium, serum electrolytes, height and weight of the patients were recorded. The psychiatric diagnosis was made according to the ICD-10 criteria. Data were computed and analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Parametric and non-parametric statistical technique was applied wherever appropriate.

Results: The minimum efficacious serum lithium level in the long-term treatment of bipolar disorder was found at 0.16 mmol/l and maximum serum levels was 1.51 mmol/l. The mean serum lithium level was 0.596 mmol/l with standard deviation of 0.237 mmol/l.

Conclusion: There is substantial variation in between the serum lithium levels of patients in remission on long term treatment. The uncertainty about the most efficacious serum lithium level for the long-term treatment of bipolar disorder leads to the suggestion of the treatment of individual patients to be based on clinical response rather than on serum lithium levels.
Study Of The Functioning Level In People Having Psychosocial Disabilities
Authors: Jha R.K. , Mahat P. , Shrestha R.L. , Kami K.B. , Chaudhary A. , Chaudhary S.
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Mental health is state of wellbeing in which as individual realizes in his or her abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community (WHO, 2004). Schizophrenia is a significantly disabling disease that affects social family psychological, vocational and occupational functioning (Lyngdoth, L. et al, 2016). Depressive disorders often start at a young age; they reduce people’s functioning and often are recurring (Marcus et al., 2012). Studies have shown decreased functioning ability in people having mental illness in Nepal. This study was done to explore the impact of mental illness in their daily functioning abilities.

Material And Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 120 people suffering from mental illness (psychosocial disabilities) for more than six months. Mental health social workers who were facilitating mental health self-help group of treatment seeking mental health patients in the health facilities were trained and supervised during data collection. Selected participants were informed about research objectives and received consent for the study. Nepali adopted WHO-DAS-2 (Thapa et al, 2005) was used to collect both demographic and functioning abilities of research participants. Data were analysed using SPSS 20th version mainly for descriptive statistics.

Results: Participants' age ranged from 18-60 years with mean age 29.53 (SD±10.8), with gender distribution 58.3% female and 41.7% male. People with psychosocial disabilities experienced in an average 9.45 days difficulty, average 6.95 days they couldn't do daily work and minimized work for average 3.55 days in the month. Female with mental health problems experienced more difficulties in daily life functioning (S1-S12 items in WHO-DAS) where moderate to severe level difficulties observed than male with mental health problems. Emotional effect due to health problems, talking with unknown people, difficulties in friendship area and doing daily activities were affected significantly statistically (p=0.01, 0.05, 0.04 and 0.02). Ethnicity and gender is significantly correlated with total affected days (r=.221, -.180 p= 0.05, table 3). Gender and total affected working days is correlated but not significant statistically.

Conclusion: Level of functioning is affected significantly in people having psychosocial disabilities; impairment is higher in female, people suffering with severe form of mental illness. Findings indicate need of awareness in mental health. Further research is necessary in larger and representative population including care-taker of mentally ill person.
Severity Of Relapse And Medication Adherence In Patient Of Schizophrenia: A Study From Nepal
Authors: Singh P.M. , Karmacharya S. , Khadka S.
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a clinical syndrome of variable, but profoundly disruptive psychopathology. Though it is one of the top ten illness contributing to global burden of disease, relapse rate in schizophrenia is high. Globally relapse rate varies from 50% to 92% and are similar in developed and developing countries. There are various factors associated with relapse, common being poor adherence to treatment. The estimated rate of non-adherence in schizophrenia are 50% widely ranging from 4% to 72%. This study was aimed to find the socio-demographic status of non-adherent group, contributing factors and their severity.

Material and Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study among 95 schizophrenia relapsed patients seeking psychiatric inpatient services at Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Attarkhel, Nepal from the period of Baisakh 3rd 2074 to Baisakh 4th 2075. The socio-demographic variables and clinical data of patients were recorded on proforma developed by department of Psychiatry. The severity of illness was assessed by using The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Also, medication adherence was assessed using Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS).

Results: Out of 95 relapsed patients, greater number (62.1%) were non-adherent to medication and (37.9%) were adherent to medication. Also, the symptom severity assessment showed significantly severe relapse in non-adherent patient group (43.1%) than adherent patient group (3.1%).

Conclusion: Non-adherent to medication is associated with significantly severe relapse in patients of Schizophrenia. Therefore, improving adherence to medication can be achieved by focusing on the identified multitude of factors driving non-adherence.
First-Year Engineering Students’ Research Experience in Web Mapping
Authors: Mah Claire , Hong Daphne , Chen Vanessa , Stefanakis Emmanuel
Published: March 2020

Involving undergraduate students in research projects has been a growing trend in post-secondary education. This paper introduces three Web mapping applications developed by first-year engineering students at the University of Calgary. The projects were carried out over 16 weeks by students who did not have any previous knowledge of mapping or geospatial information systems. The outcomes clearly demonstrate the high competence and creativity of the students. According to the students’ reflections, these projects have been a unique learning experience and an excellent starting point in their academic career.
Colonial Extractions: Oral Health Care and Indigenous Peoples in Canada, 1945–79
Authors: Carstairs Catherine , Mosby Ian
Published: March 2020

Indigenous Peoples in Canada currently experience much higher rates of oral health problems than their non-Indigenous counterparts. A number of recent reports have shown that Indigenous children have very high rates of tooth decay, that large numbers of Indigenous people report experiencing ongoing and persistent pain in their mouths, and that significantly more Indigenous people than non-Indigenous Canadians have no teeth at all. These oral health inequalities are important, not just because they have a profound impact on Indigenous Peoples’ quality of life but also because poor oral health is linked to other health issues that currently disproportionately impact Indigenous communities, including diabetes and heart disease. From 1945 to 1979, the federal government made only limited attempts to provide oral health care to Indigenous Peoples despite treaty promises of health care. The government did not believe that it had any obligation to provide oral health care, and as a result, the services provided were rushed, inadequate, inconsistent, and sometimes cruel. Indigenous Peoples experienced much higher levels of tooth extractions and lower rates of denture provision than was the case among non-Indigenous peoples in Canada, with ongoing consequences for their oral health today.
Home-based sex communication, school coverage of sex, and problems in sexual functioning among adolescents
Authors: Foshay Jeffrey E. , O’Sullivan Lucia F.
Published: March 2020

Young people experience problems in sexual functioning at high rates. Sexual health education (SHE) has been found to reduce risk for negative outcomes, yet research has not addressed how SHE is related to problems in sexual functioning among adolescents. The current study assessed how perceived quality of sexual education at home and quality of coverage of sexual health topics in school are related to sexual functioning among adolescents. Adolescents (N = 411, 16–21 years) completed measures of sexual functioning and related distress, sexual self-esteem, and school SHE and home-based sex communication. Lower sexual-self-esteem was related to higher odds of reporting a sexual problem as well as more distress about these problems. After controlling for sexual self-esteem, higher perceived quality of home-based communication with parents about sex was associated with lower odds of having one or more sexual problems (OR = .80), but higher odds of having distressing sexual problems (OR = 1.51) for male adolescents only. Quality of coverage of sex topics in SHE was unrelated. These findings suggest that home-based sex communication for male adolescents may be important for experiencing problems overall, but also may contribute to heightened distress should a problem occur. Results are discussed in terms of differential socialization by parents in communicating with sons and daughters about sex.
Determinação de pH ideal para aumento de produtividade no processo de biotransformação de esteróides
Authors: Cardoso Jailson Cardoso dos Santos , Leite Cleiton Oliveira , Nogueira da Silva Dalton Giovanni
Published: March 2020

O desenvolvimento dos esteroides é um dos mais fascinantes campos da medicina, química e microbiologia industrial, principalmente devido ao fato de vários esteróides discrepantes, como os ácidos biliares e os hormônios sexuais, dentre outros, serem essenciais para os processos biológicos. O termo de biotransformação ocorre devido ao processo em que substâncias como o fármaco, nutrientes, dejetos e toxinas dentro de um organismo passam por reações químicas, sendo geralmente medidas por enzimas, que as transforma em um composto contrário do insólito administrado. Para o tratamento de algumas doenças foi necessária a administração de esteroides ou hormônios, mas, devido a sua complexidade, a obtenção da forma sintética dessas moléculas é proibitivamente cara. Desencadearam-se então experimentos com biotransformações; isso pode ocorrer com a presença do microrganismo ou pode-se produzir a enzima através do crescimento do microrganismo e posterior extração. A maior vantagem da biotransformação em relação à síntese química é a seletividade e a economia de processos. Devido a gama de opções na biotransformação de esteróides passou-se a ser factível a obtenção de novas moléculas até então não existentes na natureza, o que proporcionou a criação de medicamentos melhores e com menos efeitos colaterais. Estudos feitos com uma cepa do fungo Curvularia lunata mostraram que o controle de pH é necessário para manter a enzima no melhor nível de produção, e que o máximo de crescimento do microrganismo foi atingido quando o pH foi controlado em 7,0. Posto isto, os resultados descobertos entre as condições experimentais foram paragonados as porcentagens do esteróide formado contra a porcentagem de esteróide de partida, pH, crescimento e esterilidade.
Impacto de medicamentos biossimilares utilizados na imunoterapia contra o câncer de mama no Brasil
Authors: Brandão Dias Debora Queila , Souza Kudo Carina Rocha , Garcia Daniel Moreno
Published: March 2020

O desenvolvimento de medicamentos biossimilares tem sido uma solução inovadora na área da saúde, pois tem oferecido oportunidade de crescimento e avanço biotecnológico para as indústrias farmacêuticas, assim como novas opções de tratamento para pacientes oncológicos. O HER2 é um alvo terapêutico clinicamente estabelecido na terapia contra a neoplasia maligna da mama, estima-se que a superexpressão de HER2 ocorre em aproximadamente 20% dos casos de carcinoma mamário; diversos medicamentos biológicos estão em desenvolvimento, porém atualmente apenas alguns anticorpos monoclonais foram autorizados no Brasil para o tratamento de câncer de mama positivo para HER2, incluindo trastuzumabe, pertuzumabe, trastuzumabe emtansina (T-DM1) e CT-P6. Com a aprovação de novas moléculas e expiração das patentes destes fármacos, houve um aumento das opções de produtos biológicos disponíveis a custos potencialmente mais baixos. O presente estudo é uma revisão bibliográfica, que possui como objetivo abordar sobre a terapia-alvo realizada com biossimilares no tratamento da neoplasia da mama com superexpressão do HER2 que possui um dos piores prognósticos em relação aos demais subtipos. Posteriormente apresentamos estudos sobre a eficácia clínica dos anticorpos monoclonais aprovados pela ANVISA. Em conclusão, estudos têm comprovado os benefícios no uso de biossimilares quando adicionados à quimioterapia adjuvante e neoadjuvante, melhorando significativamente a sobrevida do paciente. O tratamento do câncer de mama metastático positivo para HER2, foi desenvolvido com anticorpos monoclonais humanizados, os quais aumentam significativamente o resultado e eficácia da terapêutica e, devido aos excelentes resultados apresentados, novos medicamentos direcionados ao HER2 estão em desenvolvimento
Alimentos com ação fotoprotetora : possível prevenção no câncer de pele?
Authors: Batista Franciele Cristina , Suzuki Vanessa Yuri , Collina Sangiuliano Lorena Dal , Gomes Heitor Carvalho , De Oliveira Filho Renato Santos , Oliveira Carlos Rocha , Ferreira Lydia Masako
Published: March 2020

Introdução: O câncer de pele é o mais frequente no Brasil e representa 30% de todos os tumores malignos registrados no país. Alguns compostos bioativos presentes nos alimentos como carotenóides (betacaroteno, licopeno), probióticos e ômega-3, extrato de própolis, podem auxiliar na proteção da pele contra os danos causados por raios ultravioleta. Material e método: Para atingir o objetivo foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica para avaliar a ação fotoprotetora dos compostos bioativos, nas principais bases de dados em saúde Pubmed, Lilacs e Scielo, com palavras-chave: neoplasias cutâneas, dieta, fotoproteção, nos idiomas português e inglês, considerando o período de 2008 a 2019. Resultado: O uso de betacaroteno na fotoproteção mostrou-se eficaz, com suplementação diária entre 15 mg e 180 mg e protegeu a pele contra queimaduras solares. Extrato de tomate contendo licopeno conferiu proteção contra danos agudos à pele causados pela exposição solar à longo prazo. A suplementação de licopeno e luteína protegeu a pele contra danos à pele causados pela radiação solar.  A ingestão diária da bebida polifenol chá verde por 12 semanas apresentou efeito fotoprotetor. Observou-se que substâncias não tóxicas consumidas na dieta como polifenóis em frutas, vegetais, vinho, chá e cafeína, ou disponíveis na forma oral de suplementos, podem aumentar a produção de ATP e inibir a produção de ROS ou diminui a produção de PGE2, causando redução dos danos induzidos pela luz solar em humanos e protegendo a pele por vários mecanismos potenciais. Extrato de própolis tem sido utilizado no preparo de alimentos e bebidas com a finalidade de melhorar ou prevenir o câncer, e a fruta romã pode exercer ação antiinflamatória, antiproliferativa e ter efeitos anti-tumorigênicos. Conclusão: Conforme os artigos estudados, o consumo dos compostos bioativos carotenoides como betacaroteno e licopeno, flavonóides, polifenóis, cafeína, ácidos graxos poli-insaturados ômega-3, vitamina E e minerais como o selênio, são estratégias eficientes na proteção da pele contra a radiação solar, diminuindo o risco do câncer de pele. Entretanto, mais estudos clínicos randomizados precisam ser realizados para confirmar seus efeitos e estabelecer doses adequadas para efeito fotoprotetor.
CHANGE OF FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN SERVICE IN CONDITIONS OF STRATEGIC PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Stankevich Anastasia Alekseevna
Published: March 2020

In the article the author considers as an example the function of the personnel service of the enterprise in the conditions of strategic personnel management in the paradigm of strategic management. The tendencies of formation of strategic approach to personnel management, tasks and functions of HR - service of the enterprise are revealed. Reasonable conclusions have been made on the reform of personnel services of organizations, which should be carried out taking into account the strategic perspective, which will allow in the future to move to strategic personnel management.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF REINDEER BREEDING IN THE UST-YAN
DISTRICT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SAKH (YAKUTIA)
Authors: Nikiforov Anatoly Gavrilievich
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the problems and prospects of the development of reindeer husbandry, a traditional type of activity of the indigenous peoples of the Ust-Yansky district. Reindeer husbandry is their cultural tradition, way of life and economy of reindeer husbandry.