bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Purified regenerating retinal neurons reveal regulatory role of DNA methylation-mediated Na+/K+-ATPase in murine axon regeneration
Authors: Rizk Elias , Madrid Andy , Koueik Joyce , Sun Dandan , Stewart Krista , Chen David , Luo Susan , Hong Felissa , Papale Ligia A. , Hariharan Nithya , Alisch Reid S. , Iskandar Bermans J.
Published: January 2023

While embryonic mammalian central nervous system (CNS) axons readily grow and differentiate, only a minority of fully differentiated mature CNS neurons are able to regenerate injured axons, leading to stunted functional recovery after injury and disease. To delineate DNA methylation changes specifically associated with axon regeneration, we used a Fluorescent-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS)-based methodology in a rat optic nerve transection model to segregate the injured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) into regenerating and non-regenerating cell populations. Whole-genome DNA methylation profiling of these purified neurons revealed genes and pathways linked to mammalian RGC regeneration. Moreover, whole-methylome sequencing of purified uninjured adult and embryonic RGCs identified embryonic molecular profiles reactivated after injury in mature neurons, and others that correlate specifically with embryonic or adult axon growth, but not both. The results highlight the contribution to both embryonic growth and adult axon regeneration of subunits encoding the Na+/K+-ATPase. In turn, both biochemical and genetic inhibition of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump significantly reduced RGC axon regeneration. These data provide critical molecular insights into mammalian CNS axon regeneration, pinpoint the Na+/K+-ATPase as a key regulator of regeneration of injured mature CNS axons, and suggest that successful regeneration requires, in part, reactivation of embryonic signals.
Direct electrochemical identification of rare microscopic catalytic active sites
Authors: Bentley Cameron L. , Gaudin Lachlan F. , Kang Minkyung
Published: January 2023

Local voltammetric analysis (combined with a new data processing protocol) in a scanning electrochemical droplet cell format is used to directly identify previously unseen regions of elevated electrocatalytic activity on the basal plane of 2H-MoS2.
Masking thiol reactivity with thioamide, thiourea, and thiocarbamate-based MBPs
Authors: Seo Hyeonglim , Kohlbrand Alysia J. , Stokes Ryjul W. , Chung Jeewon , Cohen Seth M.
Published: January 2023

Thioamide-based compounds are described as a novel class of metal-binding pharmacophores (MBPs) for developing Zn(ii)-dependent metalloenzyme inhibitors by masking thiol reactivity.
NIR luminogen for low-temperature photothermal therapy by triggering HSP90α down-regulation
Authors: Yang Xinzhe , Ding Keke , Zhang Guiquan , Han Pengbo , Hu Rong , Wang Zhiming , Qin Anjun , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: January 2023

The constructed NIR luminogen efficiently triggered the down-regulation of the HSP90α protein through photo-thermal conversion based on a gene interference strategy both in vitro and in vivo.
Photochemical and electrochemical co-regulation of the BiVO4 photoanode for water splitting
Authors: Xu Huimin , Xu Dongbo , Deng Shuang , Li Dan , Jiang Tianyao , Li Longhua , Fan Weiqiang , Lei Yong , Shi Weidong
Published: January 2023

A novel photochemical and electrochemical co-regulation strategy for fabricating BiVO4 photoanodes was developed, and an excellent photocurrent density of 6.42 mA cm−2 can be delivered with the assistance of an ultrathin NiFeOx layer at 1.23 V versus RHE.
Photovoltaic effect in metal foils and crystals of topological insulators
Authors: Kozhemyakin Gennadiy Nikolaevich , Bendryshev Ylii Nikolaevich , Churilov Alexei Vyacheslavovich
Published: January 2023

Bi and Bi-based crystals of topological insulators demonstrate high surface charge transport and a change in polarity due to the photovoltaic effect.
Recent advances in n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors and their multi-functional applications
Authors: Zhang Yihan , Wang Yongshuai , Gao Can , Ni Zhenjie , Zhang Xiaotao , Hu Wenping , Dong Huanli
Published: January 2023

A comprehensive summary and deep insights into the synthesis, characterization and multi-functional device applications of n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors are provided in this study.
Aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon hydroxylation via a formally NiIVO oxidant
Authors: Heim Philipp , Gericke Robert , Spedalotto Giuseppe , Lovisari Marta , Farquhar Erik R. , McDonald Aidan R.
Published: January 2023

The reaction between NiII salts and m-CPBA can lead to a potent formally NiIVO oxidant capable of arene hydroxylation, which decays to yield a meta-stable NiIII-phenolate.
Acid hydrolysis of chitin in calcium chloride solutions
Authors: Wang Yudi , Kou Jia , Wang Xuewei , Chen Xi
Published: January 2023

This work describes a mild aging-hydrolysis integrated approach to selectively produceN-acetyl-d-glucosamine from chitin in cheap and abundant CaCl2-based molten salt hydrate solvents.
Quantifying the environmental benefits of a solvent-based separation process for multilayer plastic films
Authors: Munguía-López Aurora del Carmen , Göreke Dilara , Sánchez-Rivera Kevin L. , Aguirre-Villegas Horacio A. , Avraamidou Styliani , Huber George W. , Zavala Victor M.
Published: January 2023

The STRAP process can provide environmental benefits over the virgin film production process. We identified the polymers and process units that have the highest environmental impact.
Taming diamines and acyl chlorides by carbon dioxide in selective mono-acylation reactions
Authors: Lauridsen Jerik Mathew Valera , Poderyte Margarita , Lee Ji-Woong
Published: January 2023

Selective monoacylation and unsymmetric diamide formation reactions using acyl chlorides and diamines under ambient CO2 pressure (400 ppm – 1 atm), enabling facile synthesis of bioactive molecules.
3D-printed capillaric ELISA-on-a-chip with aliquoting
Authors: Parandakh Azim , Ymbern Oriol , Jogia William , Renault Johan , Ng Andy , Juncker David
Published: January 2023

The ELISA chip is a capillary-driven lab-on-a-chip that automates ELISA protocol including aliquoting, flowing, and flushing of sample and reagents by structurally encoding all fluidic operations in a capillaric circuit and powering it with a paper.
Degradation of methylene blue by an E-Fenton process coupled with peroxymonosulfate via free radical and non-radical oxidation pathways
Authors: Wang Song , Zhang Yonggang
Published: January 2023

This paper reports a combined advanced oxidation process to degrade methylene blue and investigates its oxidation mechanism and degradation pathway.
Synthesis of a novel perovskite-carbon aerogel hybrid adsorbent with multiple metal-Lewis active sites for the removal of dyes from water: experimental and DFT studies
Authors: Sanaei Daryoush , Dehghani Mohammad Hadi , Sharifan Hamidreza , Jain Monika , Roshan Bahram , Arcibar-Orozco Javier A. , Inglezakis Vassilis J.
Published: January 2023

Rational design of a double perovskite-carbon composite with multifarious active sites for the removal of dyes from aqueous solution.
Establishment of different aliphatic amines-based rapid self-healing Mg(OH)2 metallogels: exploring the morphology, rheology and intriguing semiconducting Schottky diode characteristics
Authors: Majumdar Santanu , Pal Baishakhi , Lepcha Gerald , Sundar Das Krishna , Pal Indrajit , Ray Partha Pratim , Dey Biswajit
Published: January 2023

Different aliphatic-amine-based rapid self-healing Mg(ii)-metallogels have been established through exploring their morphology, rheology and intriguing semiconducting Schottky diode characteristics.
Integrating highly active graphite nanosheets into microspheres for enhanced lithium storage properties of silicon
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Dong , Liu Zhichao , Liu Xianzheng , Fu Jie , Zhang Chunjie , Zhang Rui , Wen Guangwu
Published: January 2023

Highly active graphite nanosheets are integrated with Si nanoparticles to prepare porous microspheres by spray-drying and a subsequent annealing process, which demonstrate superior lithium storage properties.
Computational study of the interaction of the psychoactive amphetamine with 1,2-indanedione and 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one as fingerprinting reagents
Authors: Bhikharee Divya , Rhyman Lydia , Ramasami Ponnadurai
Published: January 2023

Amphetamine in fingerprints is predicted to be detectable using fingerprinting reagents by UV-vis spectroscopy and a visible colour change.
Organic binary charge-transfer compounds of 2,2′ : 6′,2′′ : 6′′,6-trioxotriphenylamine and a pyrene-annulated azaacene as donors
Authors: Das Rajorshi , Linseis Michael , Schupp Stefan M. , Gogesch Franciska S. , Schmidt-Mende Lukas , Winter Rainer F.
Published: January 2023

Three binary charge-transfer (CT) compounds resulting from the donor 2,2′ : 6′,2′′ : 6′′,6-trioxotriphenylamine (TOTA) and the acceptors F4TCNQ and F4BQ and of a pyrene-annulated azaacene (PAA) with the acceptor F4TCNQ are reported.
Solvent-dependent fluorescence behaviour of imide-fused [n]phenacenes (n= 3, 5, 7)
Authors: Nose Keito , Yoshioka Kaito , Yamaji Minoru , Tani Fumito , Goto Kenta , Okamoto Hideki
Published: January 2023

Imide-fused [n]phenacenes were synthesised and their fluorescence spectra were observed to reveal that they showed positive solvatofluorochromism due to intramolecular charge transfer from the phanacene π core to the imide moieties in the S1state.
When a machine detects student reasoning: a review of machine learning-based formative assessment of mechanistic reasoning
Authors: Martin Paul P. , Graulich Nicole
Published: January 2023

In chemistry, reasoning about the underlying mechanisms of observed phenomena lies at the core of scientific practices. The process of uncovering, analyzing, and interpreting mechanisms for explanations and predictions requires a specific kind of reasoning: mechanistic reasoning. Several frameworks have already been developed that capture the aspects of mechanistic reasoning to support its formative assessment. However, evaluating mechanistic reasoning in students’ open responses is a time- and resource-intense, complex, and challenging task when performed by hand. Emerging technologies like machine learning (ML) can automate and advance the formative assessment of mechanistic reasoning. Due to its usefulness, ML has already been applied to assess mechanistic reasoning in several research projects. This review focuses on 20 studies dealing with ML in chemistry education research capturing mechanistic reasoning. We developed a six-category framework based on the evidence-centered design (ECD) approach to evaluate these studies in terms of pedagogical purpose, rubric design, construct assessment, validation approaches, prompt structure, and sample heterogeneity. Contemporary effective practices of ML-based formative assessment of mechanistic reasoning in chemistry education are emphasized to guide future projects by these practices and to overcome challenges. Ultimately, we conclude that ML has advanced replicating, automating, and scaling human scoring, while it has not yet transformed the quality of evidence drawn from formative assessments.
Stimulation of natural killer cells with small molecule inhibitors of CD38 for the treatment of neuroblastoma
Authors: Mills Catherine M. , Benton Thomas Z. , Piña Ivett , Francis Megan J. , Reyes Leticia , Dolloff Nathan G. , Peterson Yuri K. , Woster Patrick M.
Published: January 2023

Small molecule inhibitors of CD38 promote increases in interferon gamma and stimulate natural killer cell proliferation for the treatment of neuroblastoma.
Diffuse multiphase coexistence renders temperature-insensitive lead-free energy-harvesting piezoceramics
Authors: Xi Kaibiao , Hou Yudong , Yu Xiaole , Zheng Mupeng , Zhu Mankang
Published: January 2023

A temperature-insensitive FOM was obtained in lead-free system with diffuse multiphase coexistence, and a record power density of 865 μW cm−3 at 80 °C was measured for cantilever beam-type PEH.
Rational construction of loosely packed nickel nanoparticulates with residual HCOO ligands derived from a Ni-MOF for high-efficiency electrocatalytic overall water splitting
Authors: Wang Shumin , Zhang Yi , Deng Xiaoyang , Ma Zizai , Cheng Rentao , Wan Zihao , Li Jinping , Wang Xiaoguang
Published: January 2023

Loosely packed nanoparticulate Ni-250-2@NF architecture with the existence of residual HCOO ligands from Ni-MOF@NF exhibits remarkable electrocatalytic HER, OER and overall water splitting activities.
Chitosan based dielectrics for use in single walled carbon nanotube-based thin film transistors
Authors: Ronnasi Bahar , Tousignant Mathieu N. , Lessard Benoît H.
Published: January 2023

Chitosan is a sustainable and solution-processable natural polyelectrolyte that can form electrical double layers at high frequencies (<1 kHz) when integrated as the dielectric in metal–insulator–metal capacitors (MIM) and thin-film transistors (TFT).
Chlorination effects of a non-fullerene acceptor based on a selenium heterocyclic core for high-efficiency organic solar cells
Authors: Feng Hao , Meng Xianglin , Fu Liying , Liu Chunbo , Yin Xinxing , Zhu Enwei , Li Zaifang , Che Guangbo
Published: January 2023

The photovoltaic performance of three chlorinated NFAs based on a selenium heterocyclic core (namely BTSeIC-2Cl-γ, BTSeIC-2Cl-mix and BTSeIC-4Cl) were researched by precisely regulating the number and position of end-group chlorine atoms.
Catalytic templated length-controlled oligomerization
Authors: Lewandowski Bartosz , Schäfer Rebecca J. B. , Cotter Etienne , Harangozo Dora , Wennemers Helma
Published: January 2023

Design of a catalytic, templated length-controlled oligomerization.
Correction: An amplification-free, 16S rRNA test for Neisseria gonorrhoeae in urine
Authors: Zheng Zhenrong , Cao Yan , Chandrasekaran Sukantha , Schmidt Jacob J. , Garner Omai B. , Monbouquette Harold G.
Published: January 2023

Correction for ‘An amplification-free, 16S rRNA test for Neisseria gonorrhoeae in urine’ by Zhenrong Zheng et al., Sens. Diagn., 2023, 2, 163–167, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2sd00128d.
Pixel-Based Swallow Measurements: Correcting Nonsquare Pixels
Authors: Larsen Deirdre , Ikuma Takeshi , Neubig Luisa , Kist Andreas M. , Leonard Rebecca , McWhorter Andrew J. , Kunduk Melda
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

This research note illustrates the effects of video data with nonsquare pixels on the pixel-based measures obtained from videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS).

Method:

Six pixel-based distance and area measures were obtained from two different videoflouroscopic study units; both yielding videos with nonsquare pixels with different pixel aspect ratios (PARs). The swallowing measures were obtained from the original VFSS videos and from the videos after their pixels were squared.

Results:

The results demonstrated significant multivariate effects both in video type (original vs. squared) and in the interaction between video type and sample (two video recordings of different patients, different PARs, and opposing tilt angles of the external reference). A wide range of variabilities was observed on the pixel-based measures between original and squared videos with the percent deviation ranging from 0.1% to 9.1% with the maximum effect size of 7.43.

Conclusions:

This research note demonstrates the effect of disregarding PAR to distance and area pixel-based parameters. In addition, we present a multilevel roadmap to prevent possible measurement errors that could occur. At the planning stage, the PAR of video source should be identified, and, at the analyses stage, video data should be prescaled prior to analysis with PAR-unaware software. No methodology in prior absolute or relative pixel-based studies reports adjustment to the PAR prior to measurements nor identify the PAR as a possible source of variation within the literature. Addressing PAR will improve the precision and stability of pixel-based VFSS findings and improve comparability within and across clinical and research settings.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21957134
Analysis of Tongue Muscle Strain During Speech From Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Shao Muhan , Xing Fangxu , Carass Aaron , Liang Xiao , Zhuo Jiachen , Stone Maureen , Woo Jonghye , Prince Jerry L.
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

Muscle groups within the tongue in healthy and diseased populations show different behaviors during speech. Visualizing and quantifying strain patterns of these muscle groups during tongue motion can provide insights into tongue motor control and adaptive behaviors of a patient.

Method:

We present a pipeline to estimate the strain along the muscle fiber directions in the deforming tongue during speech production. A deep convolutional network estimates the crossing muscle fiber directions in the tongue using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data acquired at rest. A phase-based registration algorithm is used to estimate motion of the tongue muscles from tagged MRI acquired during speech. After transforming both muscle fiber directions and motion fields into a common atlas space, strain tensors are computed and projected onto the muscle fiber directions, forming so-called strains in the line of actions (SLAs) throughout the tongue. SLAs are then averaged over individual muscles that have been manually labeled in the atlas space using high-resolution T2-weighted MRI. Data were acquired, and this pipeline was run on a cohort of eight healthy controls and two glossectomy patients.

Results:

The crossing muscle fibers reconstructed by the deep network show orthogonal patterns. The strain analysis results demonstrate consistency of muscle behaviors among some healthy controls during speech production. The patients show irregular muscle patterns, and their tongue muscles tend to show more extension than the healthy controls.

Conclusions:

The study showed visual evidence of correlation between two muscle groups during speech production. Patients tend to have different strain patterns compared to the controls. Analysis of variations in muscle strains can potentially help develop treatment strategies in oral diseases.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21957011
Geometry estimation for multiple autonomous underwater vehicles using active sound source
Authors: Ji Ziliang , Song Sanming , Liu Kaizhou , Li Liming , Liu Jing , Feng Xisheng
Published: January 2023

Underwater acoustic target detection with multiple autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) has the advantage of scalable aperture, however, it depends on the accurate estimation of the shape and structure of the swarm. In this study, a method based on an active sound source is proposed for geometry estimation of distributed nodes. Pulses or chirp signals, transmitted by the source, arrive AUV nodes with different time delays and are collected by the hydrophones, from which the formation geometry could be estimated. Firstly, the frequency‐sliding generalised cross‐correlation (FS‐GCC) feature matrix between the signals received by each node and the reference node is extracted. Secondly, an autoencoder network is employed to enhance the time delay line implied in the FS‐GCC matrix, from which a time delay between two nodes is obtained. A time delay vector could be constructed by concatenating the delays between the reference node and all other nodes when the source lies at different orientations. Lastly, the time delay matrix, which is composed of time delay vectors in a time window when AUV circularly moves around the detection nodes, is further decomposed by singular value decomposition to obtain the formation geometry. The feasibility and effectiveness are verified by the simulation dataset, anechoic pool experiment, and lake trial. The root mean square error of the proposed geometry estimation method drops by 9% and 54% for two typical geometries when compared with ref. [1] for the simulation dataset, which becomes 45% and 37% for the anechoic pool experiment. Though the estimation error increases in lake trials, the proposed method achieved a relatively better precision. It is found that the proposed method has better performance when the formation geometry of AUVs approaches a regular polygon and when the source works in a stop‐and‐go mode. Furthermore, when the source distance meets the far‐field assumption, the azimuthal span of source movement relative to AUVs should be larger than 30°.
Gravity in the local Universe: Density and velocity fields using CosmicFlows-4
Authors: Courtois H. M. , Dupuy A. , Guinet D. , Baulieu G. , Ruppin F. , Brenas P.
Published: January 2023

This article publicly releases 3D reconstructions of the local Universe gravitational field below z = 0.8 that were computed using the CosmicFlows-4 (CF4) catalog of 56 000 galaxy distances and its subsample of 1008 supernovae distances. The article also provides measurements of the growth rate of structure using the pairwise correlation of radial peculiar velocities fσ8 = 0.38(±0.04) (ungrouped CF4), fσ8 = 0.36(±0.05) (grouped CF4), fσ8 = 0.30(±0.06) (supernovae), and of the bulk flow in the 3D-reconstructed local Universe 230 ± 136 km s1 at 300 h100−1 Mpc of distance from thes observer. The exploration of 10 000 reconstructions has led to the conclusion that the distances delivered by the CF4 catalog are compatible with a Hubble constant of H0 = 74.5 ± 0.1 (grouped CF4), H0 = 75.0 ± 0.35 (ungrouped CF4), and H0 = 75.5 ± 0.95 (CF4 supernovae subsample).
A plausible molecular mechanism to explain near-infrared continuum emission: Recurrent fluorescence
Authors: Lacinbala O. , Calvo F. , Dartois E. , Falvo C. , Parneix P. , Simon A. , Pino T.
Published: January 2023

Context. Very small grains and large hydrocarbon molecules are known to convert a fraction of the ultraviolet (UV) and visible stellar radiation to near- and mid-infrared (IR) photons via stochastic heating and subsequent radiative de-excitation. However, no convincing explanation for the near-IR continuum emission observed in some reflection nebulae and planetary nebulae has been provided so far.

Aims. We aim to investigate the extent that recurrent fluorescence originating from stellar photon absorption by Cn (n = 24, 42, 60) carbon clusters can account for the IR emission detected in various interstellar environments. To this aim, we modelled the collective emission signature of a carbon cluster sample induced by irradiation from a 20 000 K blackbody source. From the obtained results, we set out to determine the fraction of interstellar carbon locked up in the emitting objects.

Methods. The collective emission signature was computationally determined for different structural families encompassing cages, flakes, pretzels, and branched isomers by means of a kinetic Monte Carlo stochastic approach based on harmonic vibrational densities of states. The collective emission spectra result from the overall radiative cooling of a large population of neutral carbon clusters, during which recurrent fluorescence and vibrational emission compete with each other.

Results. Our modelling shows that recurrent fluorescence from C60 cages and flakes (with little or no sp1 carbon atoms) and C42 cages are able to explain the near-IR continuum emission observed in several reflection nebulae and planetary nebulae. Assuming that the continuum emission observed towards NGC 7023 is due to recurrent fluorescence induced by UV or visible photon absorption in neutral cage carbon clusters containing about 30–60 atoms, the carriers contain about 0.1–1.5% of the interstellar carbon abundance.
Development of scientific-based irrigation systems on hydromodule districts of ghoza in irrigated areas of bukhara region based on computer technologies
Authors: Khamidov Mukhamadkhan , Matyakubov Bakhtiyar , Gadaev Nodirjon , Isabaev Khasimbek , Urazbaev Ilkhom
Published: January 2023

Аbstract. In this article, due to year-by-year global climate change and the increase in water shortage, the water demand for cotton in the Bukhara region was developed based on FAO methodology, i.e., CropWat 8.0 model program, taking into account soil-hydrogeological conditions the results of scientific research are presented. Water-saving, scientifically based irrigation procedures for cotton irrigation were developed according to the generally accepted scale of hydromodular regions N.F. Bespalov. The seasonal irrigation norms of cotton in the Bukhara region by hydromodule regions were 3900 (VIII) - 7200 (I) m3/ha.
Development of a traditional transport system based on the bee colony algorithm
Authors: Ziyadullaev Davron , Muhamediyeva Dildora , Ziyaeva Sholpan , Xoliyorov Umirzoq , Kayumov Khasanturdi , Ismailov Otabek
Published: January 2023

At present, a significant part of optimization problems, particularly questions of combinatorial optimization, are considered NP-complete problems. When solving optimization problems, the neural network approach increases the probability of obtaining an optimal solution. The traveling salesman problem is considered a test optimization problem. This problem was solved using the Hopfield neural network. In solving optimization problems, numerous computation processes and computation time are required. To improve performance and increase the program's speed, there are cases of inappropriate purchase of additional programs and tools, and involvement of additional services. In these cases, parallel computing technologies are used to give an effective result. Based on the developed algorithms, several computational experiments were carried out. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the algorithms of artificial neural networks proposed by us, in comparison with the algorithms created based on Hopfield neural networks, are characterized by low resource consumption and efficiency in terms of high speed. But, it should be noted that if the volume of tasks is very large, neural network algorithms may become less efficient due to longer computation. In such cases, it is usually advisable to use evolutionary algorithms. In particular, the study considers using the bee swarm algorithm for parallel computing technologies. Solving optimization problems using the bee swarm algorithm in parallel computing technologies can be significantly efficient and fast.
Modelling effects of irrigation with collector-drainage water on second crop productivity in sample of mung beans
Authors: Isayev Sabirjan , Malikov Elyor , Tadjiev Sunnat , Berdiyorov Elyor , Pulatova Munisa
Published: January 2023

Syrdarya region of the Republic of Uzbekistan mainly grows cotton, winter wheat, rice, corn, oats, and barley. Each type of plant requires a certain amount of moisture, nutrients, temperature, solar energy, and other factors.

Although the plants listed above are resistant to a certain level of mineralized water resources, improper use of ditch water will worsen the reclamation condition of the soil.

Therefore, the study and modeling of the impact of irrigated water quality on productivity are one of the pressing issues.

To parameterize the CropSyst model, the plant under study is grown under stressless conditions, and all the observed parameters are included in this model. For example, it requires regular and timely irrigation, proper care, adequate fertilizer application, soil reclamation management, and phenological observations during each growing season.

In the next validation phase, the selected replanting mung bean is grown under altered conditions, such as changing the irrigation regime or applying different amounts of fertilizer. These modified parameters are entered into the model and constructed by comparing the results shown in the model with the results obtained in practice. If the results shown in the model are the same as the results obtained from the field experiment, then this model is considered to be correctly parameterized. In the application section, we will again test the model and recommend it to farmers for use.
Two-axle bogie vibration damping system with additional damping elements
Authors: Avdeeva Anna , Khromova Galina , Radjibaev Davran
Published: January 2023

There are no optimal vibration damping designs for safe movement at the present stage of the development of high-speed rail transport. The purpose of improving existing structures is their ability to simultaneously dampen both longitudinal and transverse vibrations. For dynamic research, an analytical method has been developed for calculating the stresses and deformations of the sidewall of the frame of an electric locomotive bogie in motion, taking into account the unevenness of the joints. The result of the work on creating a new design of a two-axle bogie of a railway vehicle, with additional damping elements of the vibration damping system, is the Patent of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the invention No. IAP 06498 [1]. The considered design is universal and suitable for a subway car, motor locomotive, or railcar.
Polymer reagent in construction practice
Authors: Goncharova Natalya , Abobakirova Zebuniso , Davlyatov Shoxrux , Umarov Shodil , Mukhamedzanov Alexsandr
Published: January 2023

This article is devoted to the use in concrete of the polymeric reagent POLY-ANS, developed based on the production waste of polyacrylonitrile fibers. The results of the effect of the reagent on the capillary absorption of concrete, which contributes to the provision of high resistance of cement concrete in saline environments, are given.
Continuous vapor processes in newly laid concrete
Authors: Khakimov Sh.A. , Maksud ugli Bakhtiyor , Mamadov B.A.
Published: January 2023

This article presents the results of experiments on the physical processes that occur during the hardening process of concrete in dry hot-climatic seasons and the reduction of their negative effects - as well as on the physical and mechanical properties. Under the influence of solar radiation and high temperature, the amount of water in the newly laid concrete mixture begins to evaporate rapidly. As a result of intensive evaporation of water in the concrete mixture from the bottom to the top, interconnected pores are formed, as a result of which the concrete has a defective structure, and this situation leads to a decrease in concrete strength. As a result of dehydration of the concrete mixture, the cement hydration process slows down and may even stop. If the hardening of the concrete is not adequately controlled, its strength may be only 50% of the design strength. The duration of keeping newly laid concrete under polymer films is determined by the construction laboratory, taking into account specific climatic conditions. Covering the concrete surface with inventory thermal insulation coatings (ITVP). These covers are made by pulling two-layer polyethylene film on wooden or metal frames. They can also be folded and assembled. The effectiveness of this method is not very high, it is considered a waste product.
Evaluating performance of MIKE 11 NAM model for runoff modeling on upper basin of Orontes River in Syria
Authors: Slieman Alaa , Kozlov Dmitry
Published: January 2023

This study aims to evaluate the performance of MIKE 11 NAM model for runoff modeling in case of lack of data as a case study on the upper basin of the Orontes River in Syria. In this study, MIKE 11 NAM was relied on as one of the most important hydrological analysis and modeling models. At first, the data used was processed, and the gaps in the time series were filled; then, the data was entered into the model, and the trial-and-error method was used to adopt the model parameters that give the best results. By comparing the results with the measured real values of the flow, it was found that there are large errors and unreliability of the model, which is due to the lack and unreliability of the available data, and this is consistent with the results of other studies conducted in similar cases using the same model. Therefore, this study recommends expanding the possibility of using Mike's model and other models for hydrological analysis and modeling, especially in case of lack of data, because of this great importance in the preparation of hydrological studies, water balance studies, and sustainable development of water resources in the studied area.
Fluid movement in pipeline with one inflow
Authors: Rakhimov Kudrat , Rakhimov Abdukhalil , Khusanova Djamila , Sultonov Rustam , Ochildiyev Feruzjon
Published: January 2023

In engineering practice, we often encounter issues related to the connection of flows. In which, in the butt places, vortex zones are observed. The article considers the problem of fluid motion in a channel with one inflow. The scientific papers devoted to the connection of flows are studied. The pressure and non-pressure movement of fluid in the channels, as well as the influence of the structural elements of the system on the hydraulic parameters of the flow, are considered. In the article, the functions describing the main parameters of the channel and inflow are constructed using the formulas of the theory of jets, which made it possible to determine the boundary lines of the vortex zone, the angle of expansion, and the inflow with a uniform connection of the flow. The results obtained show that for a uniform connection of the flow along the channel and along the lateral inflow, it is necessary to take απ ≈ 30° – 45° at χπ ≈ 0° – 2°, while the vortex boundary line is very close to the circular arc.
Control method for stage degradation of centrifugal pump unit parts in the system of technical condition monitoring and automatic diagnosis
Authors: Bekchanov Fakhriddin , Atajanov Adiljan , Khudaev Ibrokhim , Yusupov Furkat
Published: January 2023

Reliable operation of a centrifugal pump unit, as an electric motor, which is a reliable link in the composition of a centrifugal pump unit, depends on many factors, as well as an important factor in the trouble-free operation of a centrifugal pump unit is the reliability of rolling bearings. The presented work is devoted to the study of the processes of multi-stage failure of the parts of the rolling bearing of a centrifugal pump unit, i.e., repeatedly occurring self-eliminating failures of the same nature - intermittent failures, establishing the dependences of vibration changes in the degradation process, developing control methods and developing methods for identifying and predicting staged failure processes.
Draft sprinkler irrigation system design development
Authors: Samiev Luqmon , Jalilova Khumora , Jalilov Sirojiddin , Xusanova Jamila , Mamatova Dilnoza
Published: January 2023

This article shows the analysis of the parameters of a sprinkler irrigation system following different natural conditions (climate, soil, and hydrogeological) and their analysis in the implementation of the hydraulic calculation and design. According to the majority of literature, several calculations are made for the pressure and discharge during sprinkler irrigation. In the system under analysis, calculations are made on the irrigation processes of pipes and their outflow. It uses Google Earth and AutoCAD. In the hydraulic calculation of the system parameters, it was determined that the area's natural conditions are important and that changes and additions should be made to the calculations.
Development of technology for reuse of collector trench waters
Authors: Samiev Luqmon , Qurbanov Holmurod , Xusanova Jamila , Mamatova Dilnoza , Djalilov Sirojiddin , Jalilova Khumora
Published: January 2023

It is known that water in nature has the property of self-purification. But by our century, the level of water pollution exceeded the norm. As a result, water could not completely eliminate the contaminants contained in its composition. This also defines the problem of solving on self-purification of water. There are various ways to control the quality of water, from which it is possible to list the following: reduce the number of dissolved salts contained in the water or dilute the water, reduce the hardness of the water, reduce the amount of iron contained in it, reduce the number of floating substances hanging in the water, etc. Therefore, in this proposed method, salt underground water sources are used, and the problems of water for use in rural areas, farms, and similar enterprises have been solved. The degree of desalination depends on the content of water. Magnesium cation water is sufficient to separate the gypsum compounds, which are found to be unfavorable for this method. This requires a method and technology that will distinguish only these salts from water. In this article, the process of adding irrigation water to groundwater, treating it, and reusing it for irrigation has been implemented. An experiment was conducted using Faraday's law. The experiment was mainly to remove unwanted salt content from the water through plates and check the quality of the water. As a result, the excess amount of salt in the water was removed, and it was reused and used for irrigation.
Mitigating impact of risks on economic integration between entities in agrifood supply chain
Authors: Pardaev Khusniddin , Hasanov Shavkat , Muratov Shukrullo , Saydullaeva Fotima
Published: January 2023

The paper aims to assess and reduce the risks associated with infrastructure, financial, natural and environmental, farm management, and political changes among smallholders in tomato supply chain entities. Uncertainties related to the producer, buyer, infrastructure, finance, natural and environmental, management, and political changes in STSC take into account risk levels' assessment. These threats were assessed using Fuzzy Linguistic Quantifier Order Weighted Aggregation (FLQOWA) model. The obtained results showed the level of risk arising in production, cooperation, infrastructure, and financial issues. At the same time, measures to reduce risk levels were taken in the study. According to the results, applying "written contract" and "insurance" to collaborative relationships to reduce risk levels has been shown to reduce risks to 0.6 coefficients. The results obtained from this investigation will have a positive effect if policymakers use the applications to increase the economic cooperation between the subjects in STSC.
Analysis of the safety of pumping units of pumping stations of machine water lifting in the function of reliability indicators
Authors: Toirov Olimjon , Khalikov Salikhdjan
Published: January 2023

The article presents ways of analyzing the safety of pumping units of pumping stations of machine water lifting in the function of reliability indicators, taking into account the complexity of analyzing the safety of pumping stations of machine water lifting and presenting the pumping unit of a pumping station as a "system", as well as taking into account the need to attract information about their functional scheme, information about the reliability indicators of the elements included in these schemes, information about the adopted system of maintenance and repair, as well as the criteria for the failure of such systems, structural schemes for calculating the reliability of the pumping unit have been developed. The developed structural scheme for calculating the reliability of a pumping unit is presented, consisting of an electric motor, a pump, a power supply network, a control device, a converter, a machine exciter or a semiconductor excitation system, a winding, active steel, an excitation winding, a collector-brush apparatus, a bearing, guide bearings, an oil cooler, an air cooler of an electric motor, a working ring, guide bearings, system lubrication of pump bearings. Structural diagrams are also given for four variants of the design layout of pumping units: each pumping unit supplies water to its pipeline; several pumping units operate in one common pressure pipeline; the main and backup pumping units are connected in series; pumping units are connected to a common pressure pipeline in series-parallel. Based on these structural schemes, formulas for determining the probability of trouble-free operation of the pumping unit and pumping units, considering their structural layout, are compiled. The article assumes that the uptime of the synchronous motor of the pumping unit is distributed exponentially, and the law of the repair time distribution corresponds to the gamma distribution.
Investigation of asynchronous electric motor winding in heating mode and drying mode to prevent moisture
Authors: Ibragimov Matkarim , Akbarov Dilmurod , Tadjibekova Iroda
Published: January 2023

Asynchronous motors are used in many agricultural industries. Agricultural production is a production with high humidity. As noted above, one of the main reasons for the failure of electric motors in agricultural installations during prolonged downtime is the insulation breakdown due to its dampness. Moistening the winding insulation will degrade the dielectric performance of the insulation. If the electric motor is often switched on and the total operating time per day is at least 4 - 6 hours in rooms with high humidity but without ammonia vapors, then dangerous waterlogging of the windings does not occur. Preheating the windings for an electric motor with a power of 3 kW, to maintain the state of the insulation resistance at a level safe for switching on, can be provided with a power of 12 W.
Physico-mechanical properties of seed pile of fodder crops
Authors: Razzokov T.X. , Toshtemirov S.J. , Latipov Sh.A.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study is to study and analyze the physical and mechanical properties of the seed pile of fodder crops. The results of determining the physico-mechanical properties of the seed pile of fodder crops obtained in the combing clover plants with a comb of the combing drum of the harvesting machine are presented. The basic principles and methods of classical mechanics, mathematical analysis, and statistics were used in this study. It was found that the stiffness of the stems of the seed pile at a humidity of 40-60% is in the range of 0.07-0.008 N / m2. At the same time, with a moisture content of 35-65%, its bulk mass is 80-185 kg/ m3, respectively. The minimum value of the angle of the natural slope of the clover seed pile is 48o, and its maximum value reaches up to 90o; the value of the static friction coefficient at a humidity of 40-60% is within 0.98-1.02, and the value of the dynamic friction coefficient is within 0.5-0.7. The pile's temperature is directly proportional to the storage time; during self-heating, the appearance of the pile gradually changes depending on the storage time and temperature duration.
Fire alarm systems construction on artificial intelligence principles
Authors: Andreev A. , Doronin A. , Kachenkova V. , Norov B. , Mirkhasilova Z.
Published: January 2023

Coverage of modern views on security trends and directions for developing security systems in the context of global automation and integration into unified automated control systems. An overview of the prospects for using artificial intelligence in security systems to identify difficult to classify situations using signs obtained from monitoring data. Assessment of the prospects for the use of fire alarm systems based on the principles of artificial intelligence based on neural networks (building on the principles of combinatorics of methods of neural networks and odd logic systems). Construction of a mathematical model that describes the process of generating a reliable formation of a signal about the transition of the system to the "fire" state and a description of the problem of correctly setting the system response threshold for signal generation, solving the problem of minimizing the number of false positives by introducing an additional channel that receives initial information about the state of the object in the optical range. Investigation of the reliability of the characteristics of gas fire detectors declared by the manufacturer to determine the possibility of using them as initial elements of fire alarm systems built on the principles of neural networks.
Properties of a composite magnetically soft material based on coated iron powders
Authors: Govor G.A. , Demidenko O.F. , Normirzaev A.R. , Tukhtabayev M.A.
Published: January 2023

A method has been developed to study the properties of composite SMC materials based on high-purity iron powders, the lowest carbon content materials, for example, ABC100.30 iron powder, have higher values of magnetic parameters and minimal losses. The structure and morphology of the surface of the obtained composite materials were studied. The results of the influence on the properties of SMC materials of various insulating coatings were obtained, and SMC materials with titanium oxide coatings had better characteristics. The influence of the thickness of the oxide coating on the decrease in magnetic permeability of SMC materials was studied. The influence of insulating coatings' thickness on the SMC material's magnetic properties was determined.
Effect of different additives on the physical and mechanical properties of liquid-glass core mixtures
Authors: Kuchkorov Lochinbek , Alimukhamedov Shavkat , Tursunov Nodirjon , Toirov Otabek
Published: January 2023

The molding sands composition research of various compositions has been carried out. Quantitative dependences of the influence of additives on the physical and mechanical properties of core mixtures are obtained.
Improving use of shunting locomotives based on changes in infrastructure of railway station
Authors: Suyunbayev Shinpolat , Khusenov Utkir , Khudayberganov Sakijan , Jumayev Sherzod , Kayumov Shokhrukh
Published: January 2023

It is known that one of the main factors reducing the shortage of shunting locomotives at railway stations and leading to a reduction in their employment time due to increased labor productivity is the state of equipment of the railway station infrastructure with SCB devices. This article presents a way to attract low-mobility shunting locomotives by reducing the duration of employment of shunting locomotives allocated for the daily amount of work performed at the station when equipping them with devices by changing the infrastructure of an electric decentralized railway station. A comparative analysis of the time spent by the shunting locomotive in motion during the day when performing each technological operation for the maintenance of cargo facilities, as well as the amount of time spent on additional actions, is carried out.
Fuzzy model of transport demand
Authors: Muhamediyeva D.K. , Mirzarahmedova A. , Khasanov U.U.
Published: January 2023

The development of transport networks is costly and cannot solve all transport problems. In this regard, scientifically based planning of the development of the transport complex acquires an important role to improve the quality of the functioning of the transport system, such as improving the organization of traffic in various parts of the network, optimizing the system of public transport routes, creating convenient transfer hubs, etc. To solve such problems, the paper considers the development of intelligent transport systems and mathematical modeling of transport demand. The central task of developing a transport model is to determine the equilibrium state of the transport system, i.e., the problem of the distribution of flows in the network, which involves two main stages. In the first stage, one or several correspondence matrices are evaluated based on the traffic flow's initial data and behavior. The second stage consists of the distribution of traffic matrices on the graph of the transport network, i.e., in solving the problem of finding traffic flows or the problem of transport equilibrium. The problem of transport equilibrium is reduced to an optimization problem in which restrictions are imposed depending on the values of the elements of the traffic matrix. The search for new methods for solving optimization problems of weakly formalized processes is caused by the presence of processes and phenomena, which is difficult to describe by methods of classical mathematics due to their indeterminacy and unreliability, incompleteness, and fuzziness of the initial information. The mathematical model of the optimization problem is described by the objective function and constraints. Classical mathematical programming and its variations are largely a normative methodology for effective choice. Fuzzy programming highlights the natural multiplicity of inaccurately defined goals, restrictions, and their meanings.