bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sains dan Teknologi Perspektif Hadis
Authors: Hoir Bayumi Nasrul
Published: December 2020

AbstrakSains (ilmu pengetahuan) merupakan sesuatu yang penting dalam agama Islam. Ilmu pengetahuan dapat membuahkan hasil yang baik untuk setiap insan. Oleh sebab itu penting bagi kita untuk mencari ilmu. Teknologi sebagai hasil daripada sains, memiliki peran penting dalam kehidupan. Sains dan teknologi merupakan satu kesatuan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Keduanya memiliki hubungan yang sangat erat, dimana teknologi sebagai refleksi dari ilmu pengetahuan (sains). Dalam penggunaanya, teknologi bisa saja membuahkan hasil positif dan negatif. Hal tersebut tergantung dari orang yang menggunakannya. Ketika digunakan dalam hal positif maka akan positif juga hasilnya. Sebaliknya, jika digunakan dalam hal negatif maka hasilnya menjadi negatif.Dalam artikel ini, pembuatan dilakukan dengan cara pengumpulan data. Karena materi sains dan teknologi dalam perspektif hadis tidaklah mudah. Adapun pembuatan artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan arahan terhadap penggunaan atau penerapan sains dan teknologi. Supaya kita tidak keliru dan tidak salah mempergunakan teknologi di zaman sekarang.
ETOS KERJA
Authors: Maisah Ismul
Published: December 2020

Terdapat 6 hadis tentang etos kerja yaitu; 1) hadis tentang niat, 2) hadis tentang bekerja dengan mencari kayu bakar, 3) hadis tentang tangan di atas lebih baik daripada tangan di bawa, 4) hadis tentang do’a meminta perlindungan dari kefakiran, 5) hadis tentang makanan yang paling baik adalah hasil dari kerja keras dan 6) hadis tentang menanam pohon sekalipun hari kiamat telah terjadi. Hadis-hadis tentang etos kerja tersebut terbagi ke dalam 3 aspek; 1) etos kerja dari aspek akidah, 2) etos kerja dari aspek ibadah dan 3) etos kerja dari aspek akhlak. Selanjutnya aplikasi hadis-hadis etos kerja pada masa kini ialah orang mukmin dalam bekerja harus memiliki niat yang kuat, jujur, istiqamah, amanah, tekun, kemampuan bekerja kerasa dan bertanggungjawab.
The global melt inclusion C/Ba array: mantle variability, melting process, or degassing?
Authors: Matthews Simon , Shorttle Oliver , Maclennan John , Rudge John
Published: December 2020

The Earth’s mantle holds more carbon than its oceans, atmosphere and continents combined, yet the distribution of carbon within the mantle remains uncertain. Our best constraints on the distribution of carbon within the upper mantle are derived from the carbon-trace element systematics of ultra-depleted glasses and melt inclusions from mid-ocean ridge basalts. However, carbon-trace element systematics are susceptible to modification by crustal processes, including concurrent degassing and mixing, and melt inclusion decrepitation. In this study we explore how the influence of these processes varies systematically with both the mantle source and melting process, thereby modulating both global and local carbon-trace element trends.We supplement the existing melt inclusion data from Iceland with four new datasets, significantly enhancing the spatial and geochemical coverage of melt inclusion datasets from the island. Within the combined Iceland dataset there is significant variation in melt inclusion C/Ba ratio, which is tightly correlated with trace element enrichment. The trends in C/Ba-Ba space displayed by our new data coincide with the same trends in data compiled from global ocean islands and mid-ocean ridges, forming a global array. The overall structure of the global C/Ba-Ba array is not a property of the source, instead it is controlled by CO2 vapour loss pre- and post-melt inclusion entrapment; i.e., the array is a consequence of degassing creating near-constant maximum melt-inclusion carbon contents over many orders of magnitude of Ba concentration.On Iceland, extremely high C/Ba (>100) and C/Nb (>1000) ratios are found in melt inclusions from the most depleted eruptions. The high C/Ba and C/Nb ratios are unlikely to be either analytical artefacts, or to be the product of extreme fractionation of the most incompatible elements during silicate melting. Whilst high C/Ba and C/Nb ratios could be generated by regassing of melt inclusions by CO2 vapour, or by mantle melting occurring in the presence of residual graphite, we suggest the high values most likely derive from an intrinsically high C/Ba and C/Nb mantle component that makes up a small fraction of the Icelandic mantle.
Distributed Ledger Technologien im Rheinischen Revier in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Authors: Trauth Daniel , Niemietz Philipp , Mayer Johannes , Beckers Alexander , Prinz Wolfgang , Williams Robin , Bergs Thomas
Published: December 2020

The use of Distributed Ledger Technologies in the field of production optimizes various use cases. Within the framework of the research project “Blockchain Reallabor in the Rheinisches Revier”, five use cases were defined for production in the first year of the project. The confidence in and transparency of stored data, the elimination of central entities and automatic micropayments in real time are revolutionizing auditing, product and process monitoring and life cycle assessment. With the machine data marketplace for trading process data and the rental of machine capacities in the form of subscription, for example, a Distributed Ledger creates new business models.In North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), the field of users (17 percent) is currently not highly developed in comparison to service providers, infrastructure providers and research alliances (83 percent). Nevertheless, there are some projects that usually contain the described use cases in a less complex way and thus confirm their validity. An analysis of the ecosystem Distributed Ledger Technologies in the Rheinisches Revier provides some insights into the actors involved. There is a trend towards large companies implementing Distributed Ledger Technology projects. It is not possible to make a technology or infrastructure recommendation based on the developed ecosystem, since the identified use cases are handled with different infrastructures depending on the project.Finally, it should be emphasized that the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia can be considered a pioneer in Distributed Ledger Technologies in Germany. A nation-wide comparison of users from the manufacturing industry shows that over 65 percent are located in NRW. The establishment of the Distributed Ledger Technology in the small and medium business sector is, from today‘s point of view, the next step towards reaching the level of perfect productivity according to the Gartner hype cycle.
Processing of semantic and grammatical gender in Spanish speakers with aphasia
Authors: Piazza Giorgio , Calabria Marco , Semenza Carlo , Poletto Cecilia
Published: December 2020

Background. Previous studies have argued that two types of linguistic gender exist: grammatical gender, which is arbitrarily assigned to nouns, and semantic gender, which depends on the gender of the referent. Aim. We explore the hypothesis that these two types of gender entail distinct cognitive processes by investigating the performance of people with aphasia at the level of sentence comprehension.Methods and Procedure. Eleven people with aphasia and a control group of 13 age-matched healthy participants took part in a constrained completion choice task. The participants had to complete sentences in a way that made the last word gender congruent. The subjects of the sentences had either Semantic gender (“enfermera”, nurse; indicating the sex of the referent), Grammatical gender (“silla”, chair), or Opaque-Grammatical gender (“tomate”, tomato).Results. People with aphasia performed more poorly in all gender conditions than healthy controls. They also were less accurate in both the Grammatical and Opaque-Grammatical conditions than in the Semantic gender condition.Conclusion. We propose that semantic and grammatical gender entail two levels of gender processing and that semantic gender is processed faster because it provides more salient information.
Motivation and climate change: A review
Authors: Brick Cameron , Bosshard Anna , Whitmarsh Lorraine
Published: December 2020

This paper reviews motivations people experience about climate change and integrates recent findings into the BUCkET model of core social goals (Fiske, 2018). We argue that environmentalism is not the main cause of thoughts or behaviors about climate change. Rather, the evolved social needs for Belongingness, Understanding, Control, self-Enhancement, and Trust are more practical intervention targets than the attempt to create environmentalist beliefs or identities. We used database searches to identify the key research areas on motivation and climate change and synthesized articles into the BUCkET model. This revealed some limiting assumptions of previous approaches and suggests the effectiveness of targeting existing motives rather than fostering new values or worldviews.
Immersive virtual reality as a tool to learn problem-solving skills
Authors: Araiza-Alba Paola , Keane Therese , Chen Won Sun , Kaufman Jordy
Published: December 2020

Immersive virtual reality (IVR) technology has demonstrated positive educational outcomes related to its use and is gaining traction in educational and training settings; IVR is expected to have widespread adoption within the classroom in the upcoming years. However, the educational potential of IVR has not been thoroughly investigated, especially as a tool for problem-solving skills. Therefore, this study was designed to answer the following questions: (1) Is IVR a useful tool to learn and practice problem-solving skills? More specifically, do children using IVR solve a game better than those using a tablet application or a board game? (2) Does IVR provide a more engaging experience for children to practice problem-solving skills than on a tablet or a board game? (3) Do problem-solving skills learned with IVR technology transfer to real-life (physical game)? Children (n = 120) aged 7–9.9 years were randomly assigned to a problem-solving game in one of three conditions: board game, tablet, or IVR. The results showed that, overall, the percentage of children who completed the problem-solving game was higher in the IVR condition (77.5%), compared with those in the tablet (32.5%) or board game (30%) conditions. We also found that the interest and enjoyment scores of participants using IVR were significantly higher than participants in the other two conditions, and that the children in the IVR condition were able to learn how to solve the problem and transfer their learning to the physical game. IVR is a technology capable of engaging interest and motivating the user, as well as having the potential to assist in cognitive processing and knowledge transfer.
Literature and Writing Therapy in Counseling
Authors: Natasya Nadia
Published: December 2020

Penggunaan literature terapeutik sebagai alat penyembuhan konseling dikenal dengan berbagai nama. Biblioterapi, bibliocounseling, terapi puisi, dan skriptoterapi adalah istilah yang paling umum untuk dijelaskan. Melalui tulisan kita dapat melakukan katarsis, pelepasan ataupun terapi.
The Benefits of Living with Close Others: A Longitudinal Examination of Mental Health Before and During a Global Stressor
Authors: Sisson Natalie M. , Willroth Emily C , Le Bonnie M. , Ford Brett Quaid
Published: December 2020

For better or worse, the people we live with may exert a powerful influence on our mental health, perhaps especially during times of stress. The COVID-19 pandemic—a large-scale stressor that prompted health recommendations to stay home to reduce disease spread—provided a unique context for examining how the people we share our homes with may shape our mental health. A seven-wave longitudinal study assessed mental health month-to-month before and during the pandemic (February through September, 2020) in two diverse samples of U.S. adults (N = 656; N = 544). Pre-registered analyses demonstrated that people living with close others (children and/or romantic partners) experienced better well-being before and during the pandemic’s first six months. These groups also experienced unique increases in ill-being during the pandemic’s onset, but parents’ ill-being also recovered more quickly. These findings highlight the crucial protective function of close relationships for mental health both generally and amidst a pandemic.
Sodium Imbalance as a Marker of Prognosis of Outcome in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Khambhu Bikesh , Jha Rajiv , Bista Prakash
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Sodium imbalance in post-traumatic brain injury is not uncommon. It’s early detection and treatment is vital as it increases morbidity and mortality if not treated on time. We study the effect of Sodium imbalance as a predictor of outcome in these patients.

Methods and Materials: Patients diagnosed with traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to Neurosurgery department were included in this study. Traumatic brain injury cases managed between 1st Baisakh 2074 B.S. and 29th Chaitra 2074 B.S. were analyzed prospectively.  Glasgow Coma Scale, Computed Tomography scan of head, duration of hospital and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay, and Glasgow Outcome Scale in relation to sodium imbalance measured within 24 hours of injury were assessed. Mortality and morbidity were measured using Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS).

Results: A total of 100 patients with traumatic brain injury admitted in the Neurosurgery department of Bir Hospital were included in this study. Sixty seven cases were categorized as mild, 18 as moderate and 15 as severe according to the severity of TBI. The maximum serum sodium level observed was 168 and lowest was 110 mmol/l. The association of sodium imbalance with severity of head injury was found to be statistically significant. The sensitivity of sodium imbalance measured within 24 hours of injury in prognosticating outcome of patient till death or before discharge from hospital on the basis of GOS and Neuro ICU stay day is significant with p value <0.05.

Conclusion: Sodium imbalance is an independent prognostic factor outcome in TBI. Continuous monitoring of sodium level in the neurosurgical ICU setting is mandatory to manage patients with head injury with or without undergoingneurosurgical intervention as it has prognostic value with outcome measures like GOS and ICU stay days.
DISCARDING FLOW PROPOSITION OF HOSPITAL ELECTRO-ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Authors: MARCIANO MARCELO ANTUNES
Published: December 2020

This work has as its proposition, to present a project whose main goal is to suggest the establishment of a flow with detailed stages, from the moment that it is defined the discarding of an electro- electronic equipment used in hospital environment until the reuse of possible material to the manufacturing of new equipment. The suggestion is applying to all the equipment electro-electronic used in the hospital (be the biomedical, electro-mechanic in general, computer, refrigerator, air conditioner etc.). And thus contributing to issues socio-environmental, as well as economic – financial, through an appropriated discarding process
Cinnamomum verum (True Cinnamon) Leaf Essential Oil as an Effective Therapeutic Alternative against Oral and Non-oral Biofilm Infections: A Brief Review
Authors: Wijesinghe Gayan Kanchana , Rossini de Oliveira Thaís , Camila Maia Flavia , Busato de Feiria Simone , Joia Felipe , Priscila Barbosa Janaina , Cláudia  Boni Giovana , Höfling	hofling@fop.unicamp.br José Francisco
Published: December 2020

Medicinal plants play a major role as an alternative therapeutic agents for various disease conditions including cardiac and hepatic diseases, microbial infections and non-communicable disease such as diabetes mellitus. With the excessive use of synthetic antimicrobial drugs, micro-organisms become more virulent and resistant to available antimicrobial therapeutic agents. Further majority (around 60%-80%) of human microbial infections are biofilm associated infections and various resistance mechanisms of biofilms make it more difficult to eradicate or treat biofilm infections using available antimicrobial therapeutics. Further, biofilm structure acts as a physical barrier and prevent penetration of antimicrobial agents towards the biofilm core. Currently, scientists pay their attention to invent novel effective antimicrobial agents with less side effects for these biofilm infections. Phytochemicals have identified as a potential alternative antimicrobial strategy in biofilm control and eradication. Cinnamomum verum is a native Sri Lankan medicinal plant that has been widely used as a culinary spice, exhibits many medicinal benefits especially activity against microbial infectious diseases. Essential oils extracted from leaf and bark of C. verum have been used as a safe and effective antimicrobial agents against various infections for centuries. This review analyses the available scientific literature evidences on appositeness of true cinnamon leaf essential oil as an alternative antimicrobial strategy to control microbial biofilm infections with medical importance.
Orthodontic treatment of an adult patient with aggressive periodontitis – A case report
Authors: Mohamed Makhbul Mohd Zambri , Shapeen Izrawatie Mardiana , Wan Hassan Wan Nurazreena
Published: December 2020

A 26-year-old man with an aggressive periodontitis sought for orthodontic treatment to improve the appearance of his smile. He presented with generalised anterior spacing, missing lowerleft central incisor and deep traumatic bite. He was treated successfully with a combination of orthodontic and periodontal treatment. After 18 months of orthodontic treatment and follow upby the periodontist, his alignment of teeth was improved, a stable occlusion was achieved, and occlusal trauma was prevented. As a result, the patient’s smile appearance and selfconfidence were improved. Orthodontic tooth movement is not only to correct the alignment of his teeth but also to improve the bone level especially at the anterior region. This case report shows the successful treatment outcome in aggressive periodontitis patient which requires good collaboration between the orthodontist and the periodontist.
The COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sumners Paige
Published: December 2020

The present study examined the most prominent subject matter in CBC news articles during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The sample was collected through a google web search that read “COVID-19 AND Coronavirus AND CBC news articles AND Alberta.” The 50 most recent news articles that appeared in this search and contained “COVID-19” or “Coronavirus” in relation to Alberta in the article headline were sampled. The article headlines were individually analyzed in a first-phase coding process and then re-examined for common themes. A qualitative content analysis determined that the most prominent subject matter in CBC news articles was statistics (50%) followed by general updates (22%), COVID-19 information (14%), current events (6%), and regulations (4%). An additional category titled ‘other’ (4%) was created for articles with subject matter that was unrelated to these themes. The analysis found that the most prominent news content in CBC news articles was related to fear inducing information which replicates the results from earlier studies on the H1N1 pandemic in 2009.
The genus Ecphylus Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) in Japan
Authors: Belokobylskij S.A.
Published: December 2020

The Japanese species of the genus Ecphylus Foerster, 1862 are reviewed. Three new species belonging to the subgenus Sactopus Ashmead, 1900, E. (S.) conformis sp. n., E. (S.) konishii sp. n. and E. (S.) subtropicalis sp. n., are described and illustrated. Ecphylus (S.) hattori Kono & Watanabe, 1935 is considered a valid species, distinctly separated from the Western Palaearctic E. (S.) caudatus Ruschka, 1916. A key to all Eastern Palaearctic species of Ecphylus is provided.
Neurosurgery at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: experience from a Surabaya academic tertiary hospital
Authors: Suryaningtyas Wihasto , Wahyuhadi Joni , Turchan Agus , Subagio Eko Agus , Parenrengi Muhammad Arifin , Apriawan Tedy , Al Fauzi Asra , Bajamal Abdul Hafid
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE

Global outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has forced healthcare systems worldwide to reshape their facilities and protocols. Although not considered the frontline specialty in managing COVID-19 patients, neurosurgical service and training were also significantly affected. This article focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak at a low- and/or middle-income country (LMIC) academic tertiary referral hospital, the university and hospital policies and actions for the neurosurgical service and training program during the outbreak, and the contingency plan for future reference on preparedness for service and education.

METHODS

The authors collected data from several official databases, including the Indonesian Ministry of Health database, East Java provincial government database, hospital database, and neurosurgery operative case log. Policies and regulations information was obtained from stakeholders, including the Indonesian Society of Neurological Surgeons, the hospital board of directors, and the dean’s office.

RESULTS

The curve of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Indonesia had not flattened by the 2nd week of June 2020. Surabaya, the second-largest city in Indonesia, became the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia. The neurosurgical service experienced a significant drop in cases (50% of cases from normal days) along all lines (outpatient clinic, emergency room, and surgical ward). Despite a strict preadmission screening, postoperative COVID-19 infection cases were detected during the treatment course of neurosurgical patients, and those with a positive COVID-19 infection had a high mortality rate. The reduction in the overall number of cases treated in the neurosurgical service had an impact on the educational and training program. The digital environment found popularity in the educational term; however, digital resources could not replace direct exposure to real patients. The education stakeholders adjusted the undergraduate students’ clinical postings and residents’ working schemes for safety reasons.

CONCLUSIONS

The neurosurgery service at an academic tertiary referral hospital in an LMIC experienced a significant reduction in cases. The university and program directors had to adapt to an off-campus and off-hospital policy for neurosurgical residents and undergraduate students. The hospital instituted a reorganization of residents for service. The digital environment found popularity during the outbreak to support the educational process.
Virtual learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: a turning point in neurosurgical education
Authors: El-Ghandour Nasser M. F. , Ezzat Ahmed A. M. , Zaazoue Mohamed A. , Gonzalez-Lopez Pablo , Jhawar Balraj S. , Soliman Mohamed A. R.
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused dramatic changes in medical education. Social distancing policies have resulted in the rapid adoption of virtual learning (VL) by neurosurgeons as a method to exchange knowledge, but it has been met with variable acceptance. The authors surveyed neurosurgeons from around the world regarding their opinions about VL and how they see the future of neurosurgical conferences.

METHODS

The authors conducted a global online survey assessing the experience of neurosurgeons and trainees with VL activities. They also questioned respondents about how they see the future of on-site conferences and scientific meetings. They analyzed responses against demographic data, regions in which the respondents practice, and socioeconomic factors by using frequency histograms and multivariate logistic regression models.

RESULTS

Eight hundred ninety-one responses from 96 countries were received. There has been an increase in VL activities since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Most respondents perceive this type of learning as positive. Respondents from lower-income nations and regions such as Europe and Central Asia were more receptive to these changes and wanted to see further movement of educational activities (conferences and scientific meetings) into a VL format. The latter desire may be driven by financial savings from not traveling. Most queried neurosurgeons indicated that virtual events are likely to partially replace on-site events.

CONCLUSIONS

The pandemic has improved perceptions of VL, and despite its limitations, VL has been well received by the majority of neurosurgeons. Lower-income nations in particular are embracing this technology. VL is still evolving, but its integration with traditional in-person meetings seems inevitable.
Recapitulating the Bayesian framework for neurosurgical outpatient care and a cost-benefit analysis of telemedicine for socioeconomically disadvantaged patients in the Philippines during the pandemic
Authors: Ferraris Kevin Paul , Golidtum Jared Paul , Zuñiga Brian Karlo W. , Bautista Maria Cristina G. , Alcazaren Jose Carlos , Seng Kenny , Navarro Joseph Erroll
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE

In the Philippines during recent months, a neurosurgical center that caters primarily to socioeconomically disadvantaged patients has encountered unprecedented changes in practice patterns brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, the usual task of outpatient care has shifted to the telemedicine format, bringing along all of its attendant advantages and gargantuan challenges. The authors sought to determine the responsiveness of this telemedicine setup to the needs of their disadvantaged patients and explored the application of Bayesian inference to enhance the use of teleconsultation in daily clinical decision-making.

METHODS

The authors used the following methods to assess the telemedicine setup used in a low-resource setting during the pandemic: 1) a cross-sectional survey of patients who participated in a medical consultation via telemedicine during the 16-week period from March 16, 2020, to July 15, 2020; 2) a cost-benefit analysis of the use of telemedicine by patients; and 3) a case illustration of a Bayesian approach application unique to the teleconsultation scenario.

RESULTS

Of the 272 patient beneficiaries of telemedicine in a 16-week period, 57 responded to the survey. The survey responses regarding neurosurgical outpatient care through telemedicine yielded high ratings of utility for the patients and their caregivers. According to 64% of respondents, the affordability of the telemedicine setup also prevented them from borrowing money from others, among other adverse life events prevented. There were realized financial gains on the part of the patients in terms of cost savings and protection from further impoverishment. The benefit-cost ratio was 3.51 for the patients, signifying that the benefits outweighed the costs. An actual teleconsultation case vignette was reported that is meant to be instructive and contributory to the preparedness of the neurosurgeon on the provider end of the service delivery.

CONCLUSIONS

Telemedicine holds promise as a viable and safe method for health service delivery during the pandemic. In the setting of a health system that is continually challenged by shortages of resources, this study shows that an effective telemedicine setup can come with high benefit-cost ratios and quality of care, along with the assurance of patient satisfaction. The potential for high-quality care can be enhanced by the inclusion of the Bayesian framework to the basic toolkit of remote clinical assessment. When confronted with choices in terms of differential diagnosis and tests, the rigor of a simple application of the Bayesian framework can minimize costs arising from uncertainties.
Are You Flirting, Objectifying or What? a Conversation Analysis of “you’re very sexy” Conversational Turn
Authors:   School of Humanities, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Oktarini Kadek Ratih Dwi
Published: December 2020

Intent identification is one of the most critical components in conversational agent design. Conversational agent “is any dialogue system that not only conducts natural language processing but also responds automatically using human language.” (Conversational Agent, 2019). The crux of designing human-like conversational agent is to mimic how human understands another human and then responds “naturally”. The current study attempts to answer the fundamental question: how to model human processes of understanding another human? In order to answer that question, it starts from exploring some basic concepts relevant to intent identification from Conversation Analysis (CA). CA is a mature field that studies authentic human interaction. The basic concepts from CA are then synthesised into a model that potentially fit to existing framework and paradigm in conversational agent design, i.e. Natural Conversation Framework (NCF) and Intent-Entity-Context-Response (IECR) paradigm. Instead of using a made-up sentence, the model is then tested to an authentic conversational turn seksi sekali dirimu ‘you’re very sexy’. The test shows that the model is able to detect several possible intents contain in this authentic conversational turn. The model is also able to handle Conversational Indonesian and multi-modality. Considering the versatility of Conversation Analysis, in all likelihood the model will be able to handle any language and all kinds of modalities. Future study can be done to analyse more Conversational Indonesian data (to develop library of intent for Conversational Indonesian Language), as well as conversational data from different languages and conversational data containing diverse modalities.
Politiken der Generativität und Reproduktive Rechte. Eine Einleitung
Authors: Kahlert Heike , Blome Agnes
Published: December 2020

1995 wurde das im Rahmen der Internationalen Konferenz zu Bevölkerung und Entwicklung ein Jahr zuvor verabschiedete Konzept der Sexuellen und Reproduktiven Gesundheit und Rechte, kurz: Reproduktive Rechte, in die Aktionsplattform der vierten Weltfrauenkonferenz integriert und völkerrechtlich als Bestandteil der Menschenrechte anerkannt. Die Übersetzung dieses Konzepts in nationale Politiken wird seither von einem regen Diskurs und politischen Aktivitäten verschiedener Akteur*innen begleitet. Der Artikel beleuchtet zunächst das komplexe Verhältnis von Staat, Politik und Bevölkerung. Im darauffolgenden Schritt stehen einige feministische Perspektiven auf ‚Generativität‘ als Fundament der Bevölkerungsentwicklung im Fokus. Danach wird das Konzept der Reproduktiven Rechte näher erörtert und anhand von zentralen Indikatoren im weltweiten Vergleich veranschaulicht. Schließlich werden Konfliktlinien im anhaltenden Streit über die Umsetzung dieses Menschenrechts umrissen. Mit einem Überblick über die Beiträge zum Schwerpunkt schließt die Einleitung.
Evaluating Additional Aspects of Muscle Function with a Digital Handgrip Dynamometer and Accelerometer for Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: A Pilot Study
Authors: Klawitter Lukus , Mahoney Sean J. , Dahl Lindsey , Hackney Kyle J. , Herrmann Stephen D. , Edwards Bradley , McGrath Ryan
Published: December 2020

Handgrip dynamometers are used to assess handgrip strength (HGS), and low HGS is linked to poor cognitive function. Although HGS is a reliable measure of muscle function, it is only measuring maximal grip force. Other aspects of muscle function such as force control, fatigability, and steadiness are unaccounted for in current HGS protocols. This pilot study sought to determine the role of maximal HGS, submaximal HGS force control, HGS fatigability, and HGS neuromuscular steadiness on cognitive function in older adults. Our findings indicate that these additional HGS measurements could factor into detecting poorer cognitive functioning, while also evolving HGS protocols.
A systematic literature review on semantic models for IoT-enabled smart campus
Authors: Nagowah Soulakshmee D. , Ben Sta Hatem , Gobin-Rahimbux Baby
Published: December 2020

Smart communities have recently gained much attention. Researchers have been trying to tackle a number of challenges faced by smart communities. Interoperability is one key challenge that occurs due to different systems using different knowledge representations. To solve interoperability problems, ontologies are seen as a promising solution as they provide a commonly agreed vocabulary for representing data that are understandable by stakeholders of smart communities. Smart communities make use of Internet of Things (IoT) and ubiquitous networks to support communication among objects and devices in such environments. Smart campuses are examples of smart communities. Recently, many articles related to ontologies focusing on smart communities and smart campuses in IoT environments, have been published. This paper presents a Systematic Literature Review that has been conducted using Google Scholar. 18 ontologies for smart communities/smart campuses have been identified and analyzed out of 341 articles from year 2010 to 2019. The review classifies the ontologies in terms of domain, ontologies being reused, availability online, limitations, language adopted and coverage. It additionally discusses on the standards, the level of expressiveness, the ontology development approaches and methodologies adopted by the identified ontologies. Our analysis shows that the identified ontologies have been developed based on different ontological commitments. None of them have come up with a core semantic model that models different collaborating domains in a smart campus such as smart learning, smart management, smart governance, smart room, smart health, smart library and smart parking among others and that enhances cross-domain interoperability in a such an environment. Further details on our findings are presented and discussed in the paper.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis screening: Could a school-based assessment protocol be useful for an early diagnosis?
Authors: Scaturro Dalila , de Sire Alessandro , Terrana Pietro , Costantino Claudio , Lauricella Lorenza , Sannasardo Claudia Emilia , Vitale Francesco , Mauro Giulia Letizia
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis screening still needs a considerable implementation, particularly throughout a school-based assessment protocol. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of clinical examinations currently in use for the diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, through a survey carried out in secondary schools to standardize a screening protocol that could be generalized. METHODS: In their classrooms, the adolescents underwent an idiopathic scoliosis screening through three examinations: Adam’s test, axial trunk rotation (ATR) and plumb line. In case of single positivity to one of the three examinations, a column X-ray examination was recommended. RESULTS: The sensitivity and diagnostic specificity of Adam’s test or ATR were 56.3% and 92.7%, respectively. The positivity to at least one between ATR or plumb line showed that sensitivity was higher than specificity: 91.3% versus 80.8%; the positivity to at least one between Adams’s test or plumb line showed a sensitivity of 95.2% and a specificity of 81.5%. Finally, the positivity to all three examinations showed an increase in specificity (99.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our findings show that this school-based screening protocol had a very high specificity in early diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
Partial Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex I Reduces Tau Pathology and Improves Energy Homeostasis and Synaptic Function in 3xTg-AD Mice
Authors: Stojakovic Andrea , Chang Su-Youne , Nesbitt Jarred , Pichurin Nicholas P. , Ostroot Mark A. , Aikawa Tomonori , Kanekiyo Takahisa , Trushina Eugenia
Published: December 2020

Background: Accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) protein is associated with synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We previously demonstrated that neuroprotection in familial mouse models of AD could be achieved by targeting mitochondria complex I (MCI) and activating the adaptive stress response. Efficacy of this strategy on pTau-related pathology remained unknown. Objective: To investigate the effect of specific MCI inhibitor tricyclic pyrone compound CP2 on levels of human pTau, memory function, long term potentiation (LTP), and energy homeostasis in 18-month-old 3xTg-AD mice and explore the potential mechanisms. Methods: CP2 was administered to male and female 3xTg-AD mice from 3.5–18 months of age. Cognitive function was assessed using the Morris water maze. Glucose metabolism was measured in periphery using a glucose tolerance test and in the brain using fluorodeoxyglucose F18 positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET). LTP was evaluated using electrophysiology in the hippocampus. The expression of key proteins associated with neuroprotective mechanisms were assessed by western blotting. Results: Chronic CP2 treatment restored synaptic activity in female 3xTg-AD mice; cognitive function, levels of synaptic proteins, glucose metabolism, and energy homeostasis were improved in male and female 3xTg-AD mice. Significant reduction of human pTau in the brain was associated with increased activity of protein phosphatase of type 2A (PP2A), and reduced activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). Conclusion: CP2 treatment protected against synaptic dysfunction and memory impairment in symptomatic 3xTg-AD mice, and reduced levels of human pTau, indicating that targeting mitochondria with small molecule specific MCI inhibitors represents a promising strategy for treating AD.
Entropy-based analyzing anomaly WEB traffic
Authors: Nasseralfoghara Mehrdad , Hamidi HamidReza
Published: December 2020

The application nature of HTTP protocol allows the creation of a covert timing channel based on different features of this protocol (or different levels) that has not been addressed in previous research. In this article, the entropy-based detection method was designed and implemented. The attacker can adjust the amount of channel entropy by controlling measures such as changing the channel’s level or creating noise on the channel to protect from the analyzer’s detection. As a result, the entropy threshold is not always constant for detection. By comparing the entropy from different levels of the channel and the analyzer, we concluded that the analyzer must investigate traffic at all possible levels. We also illustrated that by making noise on a covert channel, its capacity would decrease, but as entropy increases, it would be harder to detect it.
Evaluation of road condition based on BA-BP algorithm
Authors: Jia Dongyao , Zhang Chuanwang , Lv Dandan
Published: December 2020

BP (Back Propagation) neural network has been widely applied for classification tasks including road condition evaluation, however, BP model has the problem of lower accuracy and slow convergence rate. A novel road condition evaluation method based on BA-BP (Bat-Back Propagation) algorithm is proposed for the unstructured small road condition evaluation, which filled the vacancy of specific small road scenes. Firstly, five kinds of road condition features including roughness, curvature, obstacle width to height ratio, obstacle effective area ratio, obstacle coefficient are defined and extracted. Then obstacles from region of interest (ROI) in front of the vehicle are analyzed. Finally, Bat algorithm is used to optimize the searching of initial network weights and thresholds, which obtained a higher accuracy of 95.15% and efficient training process. Comparison experiments showed that the proposed approach improved the accuracy with 5.31%, 3.32%, 3.17% than the BP, GA-BP and FA-BP model, respectively. As for the processing time of collected road data, BA-BP network consumed less time of 2 s and 3.9 s compared with GA-BP and FA-BP. Proposed method also outperformed than most of the state-of-the-art approaches with higher accuracy and simpler hardware environments, which proved its potential of being popularized in large scale real-time systems.
Minimal structure approximation space and some of its application
Authors: El-Sharkasy M. M.
Published: December 2020

Topological concepts play an important role in applications and solving real-life problems. Among of these concepts are neighbourhood and minimal structure. In this paper, we introduce a new space-based on a generalized system with a binary relation on a nonempty set by using the concept of a minimal structure, which is called a minimal structure approximation space (briefly, MSAS), and study some of its properties. Also, we compare the advantages of MSAS with neighbourhood approximation space which are based on the same starting point, and apply the concept of MSAS in some examples of chemistry to extraction and reduct the information. Finally, we investigate the concepts of the separation axioms on MSAS and study some of its properties in the information system as the process of approximation of information.
Prenatal counseling: Guidelines for the care of people with spina bifida
Authors: Church Paige Terrien , Castillo Heidi , Castillo Jonathan , Berndl Anne , Brei Timothy , Heuer Gregory , Howell Lori J. , Merkens Mark
Published: December 2020

As the diagnosis of Spina Bifida (SB) is often made prenatally, SB-specific prenatal counseling is needed. It is essential to provide information about medical care and lifelong impact of this diagnosis, treatment options available to women carrying fetuses affected, and resources that will assist in the care of individuals with SB. This article outlines the SB Prenatal Counseling Guidelines from the 2018 Spina Bifida Association’s Fourth Edition of the Guidelines for the Care of People with Spina Bifida and acknowledges that further research in SB prenatal counseling is warranted.
Implementation of online questionnaires in the General Household Survey in Hong Kong
Authors: Or Olivia Oi Yan
Published: December 2020

The General Household Survey (GHS) of Hong Kong is a monthly household survey on labour force characteristics and household income. Traditionally, data collection was conducted via face-to-face interviews through field visits and computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI). In July 2017, the Census and Statistics Department (C&SD) introduced an online questionnaire (OQ) in the GHS to enhance its services to survey respondents. Considering the importance of GHS statistics, the tight monthly survey cycle and the complexities involved in adding a new data collection mode, a phase-by-phase approach was adopted with close monitoring of data quality of the survey estimates. With satisfactory trial results, the OQ was fully implemented in the GHS in January 2019. Being a convenient and privacy-assured channel, the OQ helps entice sampled households to respond to the GHS and increases the contact rate of those households who are more difficult to reach by the conventional data collection methods. During COVID-19 when face-to-face interviews had to be adjourned, the OQ provided a powerful channel for data collection. With targeted messages appealing for response by OQ sent to sampled households in a more proactive manner, the take-up rate of the OQ increased by as much as 10 percentage points, partly compensating the loss due to the suspension of field visits such that monthly labour force statistics could continue to be published during the epidemic. The paper was prepared under the kind mentorship of Ms Lisa Bersales, former Chief Statistician of the Philippines.
Florescimento, viabilidade e quantificação polínica em Brachiaria brizantha sob doses de boro e manejo de uniformização do crescimento
Authors:   Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Lima Natalia Dias , Verzignassi Jaqueline Rosemeire ,   Embrapa Gado de Corte, Mauad Munir ,   Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Costa José Alexandre Agiova da ,   Embrapa Ovinos e Caprinos, Liborio Claudia Barrios de ,   Instituto Federal Goiano, Silva Fábio Adriano Santos e ,   Instituto Federal Goiano, Vieira Welinton Fernandes ,   Embrapa
Published: December 2020

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of growth management at different times of uniformization in plants of Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Paiaguás, associated with application of boron doses, quantifying the effects in the flowering and emission of reproductive tillers, and in the quantity and quality of pollen. The trial was conducted at Embrapa Gado de Corte in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil, in the 2018/2019 harvest, using a randomized block design with four replications, organized in a 3x5 factorial scheme, in which the three plant uniformization seasons consisted of, non-standardized (free growth), standardized at 67 days or 81 days after sowing, and the applications of five doses of boron, zero (control), 1, 2, 4 and 8 kg ha-1. The different doses of boron applied did not influence flowering, as well as reproductive tillering and the quantity and viability of pollen grains. The standardization management of the plants prolonged the flowering period of the cultivar. Plants kept in free growth showed greater quantity and viability of pollen grains, while the other uniformity times reduced the viability of pollen grains. Environmental factors such as precipitation and temperature interfered with reproductive tillering and viability of pollen grains.
Diagnostic Tests and Clinical, Laboratory and Radiological Charactersitics of COVID-19 in Pregnant Women: A Review
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Hasani Moghadam Sedigheh , Alipour Abbas ,   Department of Community Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Addiction Research Institutes, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Abedian Kenari Saeid ,   Department of Immunology, Immunogenetic Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institutes, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Khani Soghra ,   Department of Midwifery, Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Published: December 2020

The emerging Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease and the definitive gold standard for its diagnosis in pregnancy has not yet been established. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of reviewing the diagnostic methods and clinical, laboratory and radiological symptoms of COVID-19 disease in pregnant women. The present study is a Narrative review. To do so, the keywords were searched in the Scopus, Google scholar, PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, WHO databases from April 1, 2020 to May 9, 2020. 34 articles were obtained and finally 6 articles were used to write this study. Evidence related to the purpose of this study was identified in three categories. The first category examines clinical findings (fever and cough), the second category examines laboratory findings (leukocytosis and lymphopenia), and a third category examines chest radiographic findings (Pure ground-glass opacity). Since infection is one of the most important causes of death in pregnant women and is one of the preventable and controllable factors, so by identifying the correct diagnostic methods of this infection, at-risk pregnant women will be identified and Prevent the consequences of this infection.