bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation Path of Green Vocational Education in Guangxi Under the Background of Rural Revitalization: Taking Civil Engineering Major as an Example
Authors: Peng Cong , Liu Zhengquan , Yang Wei , Lv Chunyu
Published: January 2024

Green vocational education is a proactive response to the social objectives of sustainable development, building upon traditional vocational education. It serves as a crucial means to achieve sustainable development in both urban and rural areas. Green vocational education plays a significant role in cultivating diverse talents for rural revitalization. Therefore, there are corresponding pathways for implementing civil engineering talent training. This paper examines the current state of green vocational education development in Guangxi within the context of rural revitalization and proposes an implementation pathway based on civil engineering majors. These findings provide valuable insights towards realizing the integration and transformation of green vocational education.
Assessing “Servingness” at a Private Hispanic-Serving Institution through the Lens of Cariño (“Care”)
Authors:   , Diekmann Anuradha
Published: January 2024

Latinx enrollment in higher education is outpacing the growth of other racial/ethnic groups, but students experience disparate opportunity gaps and have decreased degree attainment (Anthony Jr. et al., 2021; Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities, 2022b; Kelly et al., 2010; Lara & Wood, 2015; Núñez, 2017; Postsecondary National Policy Institute, 2021). Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs), defined as eligible institutions with at least 25% Latinx undergraduate and 50% low-income students, were created by the federal government to increase educational opportunity and attainment and address the needs of these students (Valdez, 2015). However, the federal government has not defined how HSIs serve their students, nor do they provide guidance on how to make such an assessment. There is also debate about how to holistically assess servingness since HSIs are institutionally diverse. This exploratory qualitative case study assesses how a private HSI serves its Latinx students by focusing the analysis on institutional structures. There is little empirical research about how to operationalize, enact, or assess servingness and this study is the first of its kind to formally apply Garcia et al.’s (2019) structures for serving to answer these research questions: 1. How do cultural, diversity, and institutional factors influence how Latinx students are served? 2. How does funding and community outreach influence how Latinx students are served? 3. How do learning and leadership practices influence how Latinx students are served? A review of literature describes historical perspectives on Latinx education and HSIs, the benefits of moving toward an asset-based perspective, and how servingness can be defined, operationalized, and assessed. The study also explores the value of infusing the ethic of cariño (“care”), a culturally-responsive lens, into institutional practices. Methodology describes the case study design, data, ethical requirements, and positionality. Data were obtained through document analyses, interviews and focus groups, and observations. Garcia et al.’s (2019) institutional structures for serving were categorized within the three research questions. Then, each structure was analyzed within the university setting to assess how it served Latinx students. In addition, three overarching themes emerged. Lastly, the study concluded with limitations, implications for practice, and recommendations for future research.
Examining the Relation Between Social Anxiety and Cannabis Problems Among College Students Through Coping-Related Expectancies and Motives
Authors: Berry Katherine , Livingston Nicholas , Briles EmmaJo , Looby Alison
Published: January 2024

Objective: College students high in social anxiety are at increased risk for cannabis-related problems. This may be particularly true when they hold strong coping-related expectancies and motives for cannabis. However, few studies have examined these constructs together in accordance with the motivational model, which posits that substance use is proximally influenced by motives and more distally influenced by expectancies. Thus, the current study examined whether the relation between social anxiety and cannabis-related problems was indirectly explained through coping-related expectancies, motives, and cannabis use. Method: Past-month cannabis users (N = 660; 71.6% female, 47.3% white non-Hispanic) from seven U.S. universities completed an online survey assessing social anxiety, and cannabis use frequency, problems, expectancies, and motives. A saturated path model examined social anxiety as a predictor of cannabis problems via coping-related expectancies and motives, and cannabis frequency. Results: There was a positive indirect effect of social anxiety on cannabis problems through cognitive and behavioral impairment expectancies, depression coping motives, and cannabis use. Social anxiety also indirectly positively related to cannabis problems via social and sexual facilitation expectancies, social anxiety coping motives, and cannabis use. Further, social anxiety indirectly positively related to cannabis problems through relaxation and tension reduction expectancies, both depression and social anxiety coping motives, and cannabis use. These indirect effects were invariant by sex assigned at birth. Conclusions: Results support using a theory-informed model of coping-related cannabis cognitions to understand the relation between social anxiety and cannabis problems. Interventions that modify coping-related cognitions may reduce cannabis-related problems in college students high in social anxiety.
Neurosensory Recovery Following Skeletonization of Mental Nerve During Open Reduction & Internal Fixation for Mandibular Fractures
Authors: Ahmed Moiz , Zulfiqar Gulraiz , Khan Shahzada Faiz Ahmad , Iftikhar Bisma , Mahmood Asad
Published: January 2024

Background: Intraoral open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) procedures used to treat mandibular fractures can result in neurosensory abnormalities due to soft tissue and nerve manipulation. While treating fractures located in the parasymphysis and anterior body regions, where the inferior alveolar and mental nerves are located, there is limited access which can impede correct reduction and hinder the use of optimal fixation. To counter these problems, better access can be gained through skeletonization of the mental nerve, which is known to result in neurosensory disturbances. However, the extent of neurosensory deficits that may result from these procedures and the degree of their recovery remain unknown in current literature. Objective: The primary purpose of our study was to evaluate and correlate the objective and subjective neurosensory recovery of the mental nerve following skeletonization during Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of mandibular fractures. Study Design: This was a prospective observational study. Settings: The adult subjects having mandibular fractures treated at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, a level III tertiary care hospital. Duration: The study duration was from July 1, 2022 and December 31, 2022. Methods: Demographic details were taken and preoperative objective and subjective neurosensory assessment was performed. Following surgery, postoperative objective and subjective neurosensory assessment was performed on post op day 1, after 1 and 6 weeks. Collected data was analysed with significance level of <0.05. Results: Twenty four subjects who completed regular follow-up visits for 6 weeks were included in this study. All subjects had objective or subjective neurosensory deficit preoperatively. Following surgery, all the subjects had FSR grade S0 and subjective loss of sensation at immediate postoperative assessment after surgery. 87.5% of the subjects had complete objective and subjective neurosensory recovery at the end of 6 weeks. There was a significant negative correlation between objective and subjective neurosensory recovery during the initial stages of the study, which became non-significant by the end of 6 weeks. Conclusion: Following mental nerve skeletonization during ORIF of subjects with mandibular fractures having some degree of preoperative paraesthesia, a majority of subjects achieved complete neurosensory recovery 6 weeks postoperatively. Therefore, it is expected for a skeletonized mental nerve to return to normal function within 2 months after ORIF for mandibular fractures.
Electrospinning and Optical Properties of Polyacrylonitrile/Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposite Fibers
Authors: Radee Farah M.
Published: January 2024

In situ polymerization was used in this work to prepare polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposite at various ratios (5, 10, 15, and 20 weight percent of TiO2). PAN/TiO2 nanofibers were created using the electrospinning process from a homogenized solution. X-ray diffraction data demonstrated that a structural change to an amorphous state had taken place. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the morphology of the high-aligned fibers with PAN diameters of roughly 33 nm and 51 nm of PAN/(10wt%)TiO2 was examined. A spectrophotometer was used to examine the optical characteristics of the nanofiber films at wavelengths between 200 and 900 nm. The energy gap (Eg) of the nanofiber films was computed, and it decreased as the weight ratio of the TiO2 nanoparticle increased. With 5, 10, and 15% weight percentage of TiO2, respectively, the energy gap (Eg) of PAN nanofibers changes from 3.92 eV to 3.72, 3.39, 3.19 eV. Several other parameters have also been calculated, including the excitation coefficient (k), refractive index (n), Urbach tail (Et), dielectric constant (e1), dielectric loss (e2), and volume and surface energy loss functions (VELF) and (SELF).
Manajemen Produksi Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Organik di Blora, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Yudhi Joshinjitsu Fatirizqina , Kartika Juang Gema , Sukma Dewi
Published: January 2024

Kelor termasuk komoditas hortikultura tropis yang memiliki banyak manfaat dan dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif pemenuhan pangan fungsional. Kegiatan penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data dan mengevaluasi pengelolaan tenaga kerja pada sistem budidaya kelor dengan menghitung efisiensi penggunaan tenaga kerja. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga Mei 2019 di Blora, Jawa Tengah. Kebutuhan tenaga kerja dihitung berdasarkan jumlah HOK realisasi pada setiap jenis pekerjaan. Jenis pekerjaan yang dapat diamati meliputi pemupukan, pemanenan, pengendalian hama, serta pengendalian gulma dan pembumbunan. Jumlah HOK yang dimiliki perusahaan adalah 1,800 HOK, sedangkan HOK realisasi yang dihitung di lapangan berjumlah 1,491 HOK sehingga kebutuhan tenaga kerja lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan realisasi yang ada pada perusahaan. Kelebihan tenaga kerja pada perusahaan disebabkan oleh jam kerja yang dibebankan perusahaan lebih kecil dibandingkan jam kerja standar. Peningkatan efisiensi tenaga kerja dapat dilakukan dengan mengurangi jumlah tenaga kerja menjadi 5 orang dan penambahan jam kerja efektif menjadi 7 jam.

Kata kunci : efisiensi tenaga kerja, jam kerja, jenis pekerjaan
Loopy Orthogonal Signal Correction Scatter Correction in Non-Invasive Blood Glucose
Authors: Misrika Dahlia , Erfiani Erfiani , Wigena Aji
Published: January 2024

Spectroscopy is the study of matter based on light, sound, or particles emitted, absorbed, or reflected as well as the study of methods for generating and analyzing spectra. The spectrum has systematic diversity, namely the presence of light scattering and differences in the size of objects. The spectroscopic output allows for scattering shifts, because the same object measured several times does not exactly produce the same spectrum. Problems found in the spectrum can be overcome by pre-processing the data, namely the scatter correction method. Scatter correction is used to reduce the physical properties in the spectrum so that the information obtained is relatively the same for each spectrum, produces good estimates, and can be interpreted well. One of the spectroscopic tools that utilize infrared light is a non-invasive blood glucose level measuring device. The output of the tool is the time domain and intensity spectrum. Each object from the resulting spectrum still has noise, so scatter correction can be applied to this data. The purpose of this study was to perform a loopy Orthogonal Signal Correction (OSC) scatter correction method on time domain spectrum data on intensity on a non-invasive blood glucose level measuring device. The OSC method uses the concept of orthogonality to the mean by drawing the intensity value, weighting it, calculating the vector loading and then making corrections to the initial intensity. Based on the analysis, the loopy OSC method is better than OSC because the convergence is more accurate, the mean difference is smaller, the variance is smaller and the value converges on all the values tested. Based on exploration and the average difference, the loopy OSC method is better able to form the same pattern for each replication. This also shows that an object that is measured repeatedly has been able to be identified as the same object.
Strategi Optimalisasi Tambahan Penghasilan Pegawai (TPP) Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Pada Biro Keuangan Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Barat
Authors: Voltri Fransisca , Harianto Harianto , Mulatsih Sri
Published: January 2024

Provinsi Sulawesi Barat telah memberikan kompensasi untuk meningkatkan motivasi kepada PNS dalam bentuk pemberian tambahan penghasilan pegawai (TPP). Pemberian TPP di Biro Keuangan Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Barat didasarkan pada kehadiran pegawai. Ditinjau dari dampak motivasi pegawai untuk meraih prestasi kerja yang tinggi sebagai salah satu dampak yang diharapkan dari penetapan tambahan penghasilan pegawai ini, terlihat bahwa harapan tersebut belum dapat dicapai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menentukan dalam pemberian tambahan penghasilan pegawai (TPP) pada Biro Keuangan Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Barat; dan 2) merumuskan strategi optimalisasi pemberian tambahan penghasilan pegawai (TPP) dalam meningkatkan kinerja PNS pada Biro Keuangan Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dengan kuesioner dan focus group discussion (FGD), serta data dari dokumen dan laporan yang dikeluarkan oleh instansi yang berwenang. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskripsi dan analisis SWOT. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian untuk mengoptimalkan pemberian TPP pada Biro Keuangan Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Barat perlu dilakukan adanya peningkatan efektivitas manajemen kepegawaian berbasis kinerja untuk membangun profesionalisme PNS.
Analisis Keberlanjutan Pelaksanaan Program Gerbangku Di Kabupaten Merauke
Authors: Balagaise Ancelina , Hartoyo Sri , Kolopaking Lala M
Published: January 2024

Gerakan Pembangunan Kampungku (Gerbangku) merupakan salah satu program pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dilaksanakan oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Merauke sebagai terobosan untuk mengangkat derajat kehidupan masyarakat yang masih terisolasi, baik ekonomi, kesehatan, infrastruktur dan pendidikan, terutama untuk masyarakat asli Papua yang tinggal di kampung-kampung. Kendala utama dalam perkembangan pembangunan yakni belum meratanya akses layanan pendidikan serta masih rendahnya kualitas SDM khususnya pada wilayah kampung yang mayoritas penduduk asli Papua. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengidentifikasi dan evaluasi pembangunan pendidikan melalui pelaksanaan program Gerbangku; dan (2) menganalisis status keberlanjutan program pembangunan daerah dengan konsep Gerbangku berdasarkan dimensi ekologi, dimensi ekonomi, dimensi pendidikan, dimensi sosial-budaya, dimensi kelembagaan, dan dimensi teknologi infrastruktur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis pembangunan berkelanjutan dengan konsep program Gerbangku di Kabupaten Merauke terlihat bahwa status keberlanjutan untuk dimensi ekologi termasuk dalam status cukup berkelanjutan (61,24%), dimensi ekonomi kurang berkelanjutan (45,38), dimensi pendidikan kurang berkelanjutan (44,26%), dimensi sosial cukup berkelanjutan (56,05%), dimensi kelembagaan cukup berkelanjutan (53,07%), dan dimensi teknologi cukup berkelanjutan (52,10%).
Strategi Penguatan Kelembagaan Program Perbaikan Gizi Masyarakat Di Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Miza Teuku Iqbal , Kolopaking Lala M , Hakim Dedi Budiman
Published: January 2024

Gizi buruk-kurang merupakan masalah yang dihadapi oleh pemerintah baik tingkat pusat maupun daerah. Kekurangan gizi dapat menyebabkan kematian dan penyakit infeksi serta berdampak pada perkembangan intelektual, produktivitas dan tumbuh kembang anak. Dalam upaya penanggulangan gizi buruk-kurang peran stakeholder sangat penting. Dengan adanya UKBM dapat membantu tugas pemerintah dalam menjalankan program perbaikan gizi masyarakat yang bertujuan melakukan pencegahan dan penanggulangan   gizi   buruk-kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) menganalisis implementasi kebijakan Perbaikan Gizi masyarakat; dan 2) merumuskan strategi penguatan kelembagaan Program Perbaikan Gizi Masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa masalah gizi buruk-kurang dapat dilakukan pencegahan dengan melakukan penyuluhan, membuka konsultasi dan pemeriksaan baik pada kegiatan di puskesmas maupun posyandu. Untuk penanggulangan gizi buruk-kurang pemerintah bekerjasama dengan masyarakat atau kelompok masyarakat. Peran puskesmas dalam menjaring informasi dari kader posyandu bertujuan untuk mendektesi kasus gizi buruk-kurang. Petugas kesehatan juga aktif mendatangi keluarga yang mengalami masalah gizi serta melakukan pemantauan kondisi atau perkembangannya. Usaha dalam mencapai indikator SPM, perlu adanya kerjasama yang sinergi lintas SKPD dalam perbaikan gizi masyarakat.
Strategi Pengembangan Cabai Merah Pada Lahan Produktif Sekitar Das Ciliwung Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Nur Kurnia , Baga Lukman M , Falatehan A Faroby
Published: January 2024

Sebagai ibukota negara, DKI Jakarta menjadi barometer pencapaian keberhasilan sebuah program pembangunan. Demikian juga dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan pokok termasuk cabai yang harus dipasok dari berbagai daerah penyanggah di sekitarnya, khususnya dari Provinsi Jawa Barat. Salah satu kendala stabilitas penyediaan cabai untuk Jakarta, yang berdampak pada kenaikan harga yang sangat tinggi adalah jauhnya lokasi sentra produksi. Salah satu potensi lahan yang dapat diberdayakan adalah wilayah yang berdekatan dengan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) dengan memanfaatkan ketersediaan air irigasi. DAS yang dipilih adalah sungai Ciliwung di Kabupaten Bogor dengan memanfaatkan potensi lahan produktif di sekitarnya. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk merumuskan strategi pengembangan cabai merah pada lahan produktif di sekitar DAS Ciliwung Kabupaten Bogor melalui pengembangan kelembagaan usahatani yang dianalisis menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Alternatif strategi yang menjadi prioritas utama dalam pengembangan cabai merah pada lahan produktif di sekitar DAS Ciliwung Kabupaten Bogor melalui pengembangan kelembagaan usahatani adalah Pengembangan Kawasan Hortikultura Berbasis Lingkungan dengan nilai 0,372. Implementasi strategi prioritas untuk pengembangan cabai merah di lokasi penelitian adalah mengembangkan potensi kawasan cabai merah berbasis lingkungan di sekitar DAS dengan memantapkan implementasi GAP dalam pengembangan kawasan cabai merah.
Ainda orientalismo
Authors: Silva Adriana Minervina da , Conte Daniel , Pureza Fernando Cauduro , Orlandini Giovani Buffon , Mineiro Imara Bemfica , Cândido Luana , Valois Maria Luana Caminha , Cruz Rafaela Rogério , Andrade Brenda Carlos de , Vasconcelos Raira Costa Maia de , Postal Ricardo , Mendes Rogério , Cunha Rubelise da , Breunig Tiago Hermano
Published: January 2024

Partindo da urgência em se fomentar perspectivas epistêmicas não eurocêntricas e da consequente e necessária compreensão de como foram forjados os paradigmas de saber que nortearam a formação de uma modernidade ocidental excludente, Ainda Orientalismo reúne leituras tecidas a partir do Orientalismo: o Oriente como invenção do Ocidente, do autor palestino Edward W. Said. Fruto das discussões do Grupo de Pesquisa Subalternidades, Transculturalidade e Perspectivas Decoloniais – SUTRA, realizadas entre os meses de março e outubro de 2021 na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, este livro retoma o texto de Said, clássico no campo dos Estudos Culturais, e reflete sobre sua atualidade para pensar a condição contemporânea de comunidades do Sul Global da qual fazemos parte, bem como para fornecer elementos de reflexão sobre literaturas produzidas em diferentes latitudes. O Orientalismo é revisitado, aqui, a partir de olhares que interrogam sobre suas contribuições para as discussões contemporâneas tais como os processos decoloniais, a afirmação de culturas subalternizadas através de sua literatura, bem como os mecanismos de combate cultural e literário a partir de diferentes pautas. Nesse sentido, o livro se organiza em duas partes: uma de reflexões de cunho mais teórico, travadas sobre e a partir do livro de Said, e outra de caráter mais analítico, onde se estendem diálogos com textos literários de distintas origens e a partir de temáticas diversas.
Environmental Effects on the Norbornadiene-quadricyclane Photoswitch for Molecular Solar Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Christian Danø , Kurt V Mikkelsen
Published: January 2024

Today’s need for renewable energy combined with modern societies' reliability on on-demand power leads us to find solutions that can store excess or produce directly to storage for later use. A MOlecular Solar Thermal (MOST) based on norbornadiene/quadricyclane(NBD/QC) does the latter with an isomeric photoswitching molecule pair. The theoretical studies of molecular solar thermals (MOST) provide a needed understanding of potential synthetic candidates. We have investigated an array of more complex solvation models for the norbornadiene/quadricycle (NBD/QC) photoswitch and the impacts of the models on the first absorption energy. Our results have been obtained with various density functional theoretical methods and basis sets.
¿Reconocimiento o menosprecio social? Una mirada a las trayectorias laborales de mujeres dedicadas al trabajo doméstico remunerado en Chile
Authors: Villarroel Valdés Rosa , Muñoz Ávalos Marcela
Published: January 2024

El trabajo doméstico remunerado (TDR) ha servido como punto de acceso al ámbito laboral para mujeres pertenecientes a sectores sociales precarizados, con un nivel educativo más bajo y condiciones de mayor vulnerabilidad. El proceso investigativo se realizó como un estudio descriptivo-interpretativo de carácter cualitativo, al analizar las representaciones discursivas de mujeres trabajadoras domésticas remuneradas y su relación con el mercado del trabajo. El análisis da cuenta de las dinámicas de reconocimiento y agravio moral en las relaciones laborales de estas mujeres, que evidencian una serie de tensiones en relación con las esferas de reconocimiento social propuestas por Axel Honneth.
La experiencia de la violencia psiquiátrica en Chile: el sufrimiento de la locura en el siglo XXI
Authors: Castro Manuel Alejandro
Published: January 2024

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar y visualizar la violencia psiquiátrica que ocurre al interior de las hospitalizaciones psiquiátricas chilenas de la región Metropolitana, a través de un estudio narrativo acerca de las experiencias de personas con diagnósticos psiquiátricos en los tratamientos de salud mental. A partir de un abordaje cualitativo de investigación se estudió las experiencias de personas con esquizofrenia, trastorno afectivo bipolar y depresión severa en distintos dispositivos de salud mental pública chilena, especialmente hospitales psiquiátricos y unidades de hospitalización psiquiátrica en hospitales generales. El objetivo se centró en conocer esas experiencias en primera persona, en relación con temáticas tales como la experiencia de vivir diagnosticado psiquiátricamente, el consumo de psicofármacos, el estigma, etc. Para efectos de este artículo, la cuestión de la hospitalización psiquiátrica se volvió una dimensión elemental, precisamente por la develación de relatos que reflejan la violencia psiquiátrica en los centros de hospitalización. Concluimos que en la actualidad de la salud mental chilena, a pesar de todos los avances en cuanto a políticas más democráticas, persisten prácticas traumáticas ejercidas a las personas hospitalizadas en los centros de internación psiquiátrica.
Narrativas en las trayectorias de vida de pacientes con la enfermedad de Takayasu: cinco casos de análisis
Authors: Hibert Pérez Soto Mariana Paola
Published: January 2024

A nivel internacional, la enfermedad de Takayasu (ETAK) ha sido poco estudiada por la literatura médica, al ser una enfermedad rara (ER), ergo, en literatura social es aún más escasa. Durante la pandemia por COVID-19, el Trabajo Social mexicano en la salud hizo su aportación sobre esta enfermedad autoinmune con una tesis de maestría, mostrando el aspecto social del paciente al interactuar con la cotidianidad. El objeto de ese estudio fueron las narrativas de trayectoria de vida de 5 pacientes mexicanas con esta vasculitis. Desde un punto biográfico, la investigación fue cualitativa y exploratoria; compartió las consecuencias sociales de la enfermedad, mediante la recopilación de cursos de vida, mapas corporales y familiogramas. Con los resultados obtenidos se diseñaron acciones de mejoras para la vida de las entrevistadas, las cuales están expuestas estructuralmente a efectos del neoliberalismo como la violencia, el patriarcado, la discriminación, además de la fatiga, la depresión, etc.
Transformación del sistema y experiencia docente en pandemia: análisis desde la teoría de la actividad
Authors: Gonzalez Palacios Micaela , Hojman Viviana , Perez J. Carola , Valenzuela-Ramirez Pilar
Published: January 2024

Las medidas de distanciamiento social implementadas durante la pandemia por covid-19 trasladaron la actividad educativa en Chile al formato virtual. Con el fin de explorar la experiencia docente en relación con la educación remota en contexto de pandemia, se realizó un estudio cualitativo basado en una epistemología dialéctica. Participaron cinco docentes de educación básica de un colegio particular subvencionado de una comuna semi rural de la Región Metropolitana de Chile.  Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y se analizaron utilizando la Teoría de la Actividad Histórica-Cultural. Los resultados indican que, junto con la incorporación de nuevas herramientas tecnológicas en la mediación de aprendizajes, hubo tensiones asociadas con la incorporación de las familias al proceso, cambios en las reglas y límites del trabajo, y aislamiento en la comunidad escolar. Todo lo anterior influyó en una evaluación principalmente negativa de la experiencia por parte de las y los docentes entrevistados.
Creencias y actitudes de adultos sobre uso del castigo físico: intervención basada en enseñanza multimedia
Authors: Capano-Bosch Alvaro , González-Tornaría María del Luján , Mels Cindy , Navarrete Antola Ignacio , Ibarra Alexander
Published: January 2024

A pesar de las consecuencias negativas del castigo físico sobre el desarrollo infantil, muchos padres y madres presentan ideas favorables que lo promueven. Esta comunicación evalúa las creencias y actitudes de adultos referentes de niños y niñas de cero a 3 años sobre el castigo físico. La intervención, de máximo 15 minutos, se realiza a través de un multimedia interactivo, con el objetivo de informar y procurar un cambio de actitudes a partir de conocer las consecuencias del castigo físico y presentar alternativas en la línea de la disciplina positiva. El diseño de la investigación es cuasi experimental, con grupo de intervención y control. Se utilizan cuestionarios autoadministrados que evalúan actitudes hacia el castigo físico y hacia el cuidado y la disciplina sensible. Los resultados muestran un efecto positivo de la intervención, con disminución en las actitudes favorables para el uso de disciplina violenta en el grupo expuesto al multimedia.
SEED VIABILITY, GERMINATION, AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF CAPSICUM CULTIVATED SPECIES
Authors: Corozo Quiñónez Liliana , López-Cedeño Johanna , Lascano-Borja Gabriela , Monteros-Altamirano Álvaro , Arteaga-Alcívar Francisco , Jaimez Ramón E. , Pinoargote Miryan , Cedeño-García George , Sánchez-Mora Fernando , García-Dávila Mario Augusto
Published: January 2024

Seed viability of domesticated and cultivated Capsicum species: Capsicum annuum L., Capsicum baccatum L., Capsicum chinense Jacq., Capsicum frutescens L., and Capsicum pubescens Ruiz and Pav. was tested by the tetrazolium method. The seeds were soaked in three tetrazolium salt solutions of 1, 0.5 and 0.2%, and temperature conditions of 30 - 35 C for 3 h. The percentage of seeds stained in relation to the total number of seeds was evaluated. To estimate germination, the seeds were subjected to chemical treatments with gibberellic acid (GA3) at doses of 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg L-1 at room temperature for 24 h. The germination rate was estimated, while plant height was evaluated at 10, 20 and, 30 days after sowing (DAS). Capsicum seed viability fluctuated between 52.44% and 97.11%. The highest percentage of viability was obtained with the 1% dose of tetrazolium (81.63%), while the 0.2% dose resulted in the lowest average value (63.7%). In addition, C. annuum, C. baccatum and C. chinense showed high staining patterns, while most of the observed patterns in C. frutescens corresponded to non-viable seeds. After GA3 application, average seed germination was 100% in C. chinense; 75.6% in C. baccatum; 73.32% in C. annuum; and 61.5% in C. frutescens. However, the application of GA3 did not cause an additional effect on the germination of Capsicum seeds. The highest plant height at 30 DAS was observed in accessions of C. annuum (9.08 cm), while C. chinense presented the lowest value (4.49 cm).
Análisis del uso y apropiación de los parques de mitigación de tsunamis a una década de su construcción. Casos de estudio, parques de mitigación, comunas de Tomé y Cobquecura, Región del Biobío, Chile.
Authors: Cerda Inostroza Claudia , Pérez Bustamante Leonel , Delpino Chamy Montserrat
Published: January 2024

Este artículo analiza y discute, sobre el uso y la apropiación ciudadana de los parques de mitigación de tsunamis construidos post terremoto del año 2010, según la condición de espacio público conferida a este tipo de infraestructuras. Se evalúa en qué medida se produjo un uso y apropiación efectiva de éstas en el tiempo y en relación a los entornos urbanos en que fueron emplazadas. El objetivo es comprender qué factores fa-cilitaron o impidieron el logro exitoso de esta doble condición pretendida para estas infraestructuras como elementos de miti-gación y recreación a la vez, insertos en medio de dinámicas culturales y sociales, propias de los asentamientos litorales de la zona sur del país. Los análisis se basan en los resultados obtenidos a partir de una investigación hecha sobre dos parques de mitigación construidos en las comunas de Tomé y Cobquecura respectivamente e implementados bajo los Planes de Reconstrucción del Borde Costero. En éstos se evaluó cómo se configuró la relación con el contexto urbano cercano y cuáles fueron las dinámicas de uso y apropiación establecidas por parte de los ciudadanos/público/habitantes con relación a estas infraestructuras. La metodología usada fue de carácter mixto, en base a dos categorías de análisis: integración con el entorno; uso y apropiación del espacio. Y las principales técnicas utilizadas fueron: obser-vación de campo; análisis de frecuencia de uso; y entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores relevantes y usuarios. El artículo concluye que elementos del diseño como el tamaño, los bordes y la accesibilidad, influyen directamente en el uso del parque, mientras que generar espacios flexibles de mitigación, variedad de actividades, algunas preexistentes y elementos de memoria per-miten que las personas se apropien del espacio. Por el contrario, cuando las medidas de mitigación no han funcionado en su diseño, se genera un espacio desolado y frío.
Manejo de la vía aérea en el niño con secuencia de Pierre Robin
Authors: Nadia Tuyani Soliman  , Rosa María Pernas Mera
Published: January 2024

Resumen En el paciente pediátrico los problemas respiratorios constituyen una de las principales causas de morbi-mortalidad perioperatoria. En determinadas patologías, estos problemas se ven gravemente acentuados. A la vulnerabilidad respiratoria hay que sumar lo difícil que resulta la valoración de la vía aérea en el niño. Un ejemplo de todos estos desafíos lo constituye el paciente con Secuencia de Pierre Robin. Actualmente no existen guías estandarizadas en anestesia para el manejo de la vía aérea en estos pacientes, aunque sí publicaciones que sitúan al fibrobroncoscopio óptico como el Gold Standar para la intubación. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con Secuencia de Pierre Robin intubada con éxito mediante videolaringoscopio GlideScope®.
Ciencia detrás de la magia. Redes neuronales.
Authors: Manuel Molina
Published: January 2024

Una red neuronal consiste en una serie de capas de unidades de procesamiento, llamadas neuronas, que realizan transformaciones de los datos de entrada para generar un dato de salida. Se describen los fundamentos del funcionamiento interno de una red neuronal artificial.
Role of Primary School Head Teachers in Curriculum Implementation in Sindh
Authors: Dool Masood Ahmed , Shah Dr. Hasan Syed , Siddiqui Kamran Akhtar , Dool Mahmood Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This research work has been led to explore the role of head teachers (HTs), particularly in Curriculum Understanding and its Implementation (CU&I). In order to create school leaders that can cope as unique practices, the Instructional leaders have to implement the leadership practices to improve the overall activities in realm of the school generally and CU&I particularly.

The purpose of this qualitative research was to explore HTs perform as leaders in CU&I, to develop the educational institution, supervise the teaching and learning process, to understand the curriculum, seek achievement of the learners. Discovering the role of HTs concerning CU&I it in the context of upper Sindh has remained almost unexplored. The purposive and convenient sampling was used to select the head teachers (n.6). Data were analyzed using the thematic analysis for the emergent themes. The findings were that head teachers as leaders in CU&I perform differently in different areas.  These findings support the head teachers to apply better CU&I to improve the process of the schooling in above terms.  The implication is for the head teachers working in the public sector schools to be set the example for the current and upcoming head teachers.
Predicting the Potential Invasion Hotspots of Chromolaena odorata under Current and Future Climate Change Scenarios in Heterogeneous Ecological Landscapes of Mizoram, India
Authors: Sengupta Rabishankar , Dash Sudhansu Sekhar
Published: January 2024

Recent trends in globalization, human mobility surge and global trade aggravated the expansion of alien species introduction leading to invasion by alien plants compounded by climate change. The ability to predict the spread of invasive species within the context of climate change holds significance for accurately identifying vulnerable regions and formulating strategies to contain their wide proliferation and invasion. Anthropogenic activities and recent climate change scenarios increased the risk of Chromolaena odorata invasion and habitat expansion in Mizoram. To forecast its current distribution and habitat suitability amidst climatic alterations in Mizoram, a MaxEnt-driven habitat suitability model was deployed using the default parameters. The resultant model exhibited that the current spatial range of C. odorata occupies 15.37% of geographical areas deemed suitable for varying degrees of invasion. Projections for 2050 and 2070 anticipated an expansion of suitable habitats up to 34.37% of the geographical area of Mizoram, specifically under RCP 2.6 in 2070 in comparison with its present distribution. Currently, the distributional range of C. odorata in Mizoram spans from lower (450 m) to mid elevational ranges up to 1700 meters, with limited presence at higher altitudes. However, the habitat suitability model extrapolates that climate changes will elevate the invasion risk posed by C. odorata across Mizoram, particularly in the North-Western and Central regions. The projection of further territorial expansion and an upward shift in altitudinal range in the future underscores the urgency of instating robust management measures to pre-empt the impact of C. odorata invasion. This study recommends the imperative nature of effective C. odorata management, particularly during the initial stages of invasion.
Improving salt stress tolerance in Zea mays L. by modulating osmolytes accumulation and antioxidant capacity with Rutin
Authors: Sezgin Muslu Asiye
Published: January 2024

The growth and productivity of maize are severely affected by stress factors. Maize seedlings under salt stress were grown hydroponically to study the effect of rutin (Rut), a flavonoid, on changes in the stress parameters (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), total chlorophyll), water status (leaf relative water content (RWC), osmolytes; proline, total soluble sugar), and activities of the main antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase (POD)). After 21 days of growth, plants were applied with Rut as foliar spray. After 24 hours, seedlings were exposed to osmotic stress by 100 and 200 mM NaCI in the Hoagland’s Solution for 72 hours. Six groups were designed including a control (without NaCl or Rut), 150 mM NaCl, 200 mM NaCl, Rut, Rut+150 mM NaCl, and Rut+200 mM NaCl. Plant leaves were harvested 25 days after treatments. Exogenous significantly decreased TBARS and H2O2 contents in leaves of salt-stressed seedlings compared to salt stresses, enhanced the level of osmolytes, leaf RWC, activities of SOD, CAT, APX, and POD, and relative expression levels of SOD, CAT1, and APX1. As a result, findings from the study present reveal the effect of Rut on salt stress tolerance in maize seedlings under different osmotic stress. Here, it was clear that Rut played an active role in stress-alleviating. This application under salt stress can be useful in developing salt stress tolerance in crops for the agriculture sector.
The Impact of Stress and Depression on Adolescents: An Empirical Study
Authors: Kulshreshtha Medha Narayan , Sharma Roopali , Yadav Saroj
Published: January 2024

Background: stress and depressive mood swings among adolescents have a serious influence in the later part of life. It is necessary to analyse the problems of adolescents in order to create psychologically strong society.

   The aim of study was to investigate the driving factors of stress and instable mood in adolescents.

   This also helped to reveal the educational and social barriers of adolescents. Research hypothesis: stress and depressive mood swings in adolescents mostly occur due to events in their habitual places, such as schools, public places, and family.

   Patients and methods: the primary data of the study was obtained from 138 school student adolescents. The gathered data of semi-structured questionnaire was analysed, using Quantitative Research Methodology, SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science), statistical tests, like Correlation, ANOVA, and Descriptive statistics.

   Results: disasters of stress and depressive mood swings affect the lifestyle of adolescents. The study suggested that the family environment and academic problems were the vital psychological factor affecting the adolescents. Avoiding negative thoughts helps to increase one’s self esteem. Education improves the involvement in socialising.

   Conclusion: involvement of parents in education process contributes to create positive family environment, which in turn helps to identify solutions for improving one’s self esteem. Concentration on severe disasters of stress and depressive mood swings among adolescents facilitates the creation of a strong psychological society.
Clinical and Psychopathological Features of Late-Onset Schizophrenia and Schizophrenia-Like Psychosis
Authors: Pochueva V. V. , Kolykhalov I. V.
Published: January 2024

Background: schizophrenia-like psychosis with very late onset is one of the most common diagnostic group in late age mental disorders exclude dementia and depression with psychotic symptoms [1]. Geriatric psychiatrists discuss its similarity to neurodegenerative diseases and risk of dementia development in the outcome of disease.

   The aim was to study the clinical and psychopathological features of very late manifesting schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses and their impact on the course of the disease.

   Patients and methods: 45 patients were observed, the mean age was 70.6 ± 8.70 years. Patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, chronic delusional disorder and schizophrenia-like disorder, with onset after 60 years. Psychopathological and psychometric (PANSS, CDSS, HAMD, MoCA, MMSE) methods were used. Assessment was performed at the 0 day and at the 28th day from the beginning of the treatment.

   Results: heterogeneity and different short-terms outcomes of acute psychosis were described depending on the clinical characteristics and predominant syndrome complex. In 15 cases (33 %) prevailed severe polymorphic psychotic symptoms of mental disorganization with formation of negative symptoms and cognitive impairment with decreasing social and daily activity. In 22 cases (49 %) dominated paranoid symptoms with old age persecutory delusions with formation of residual positive and negative symptoms. In 8 cases (18 %) prevailed affective and delusional symptoms. This group was characterized with high level of reduction of productive symptoms and restoration of premorbid social and daily activity.

   Conclusions: features of clinical characteristics, including the nature and severity of cognitive impairment at the onset of disease, are significant for prognosis and outcomes of disease. The data obtained could be served for the development of personalized therapeutic approaches that take into account the syndromic features and course of late-onset psychosis.
Tinnitus and Psychiatric Disorders (a Clinical Psychopathological Study of Patients without Otorhinolaryngological Pathology)
Authors: Yakimets A. V. , Morozova S. V. , Stakanov P. A. , Sadkova O. A. , Polyakova E. P.
Published: January 2024

Background: tinnitus is the perception of acoustic, phantom sounds in the ear and/or head in the absence of an external source. The prevalence of tinnitus is 5–15 % in the population. The occurrence of subjective noise may have a number of possible causes, but the causal relationship between psychiatric disorders and tinnitus remains insufficiently proven, according to previous studies.

   The aim was to study an acoustic phenomenon of the “ear/head noise” type, comparable with tinnitus symptomatology, in the absence of otorhinolaryngological, neurological, somatic pathologies.

   Patients and methods: the sample consisted of 12 patients (11 men, 1 woman, mean age 38 ± 8.5 years) who underwent complex psychopathological, pathopsychological, psychometric, otorhinolaryngological, neurological, and instrumental examinations, statistical. The patients met the diagnostic criteria of subjective tinnitus according to ICD-10 classification (code H93.1).

   Results: the psychopathological qualification of tinnitus in our observations corresponds to psychosensory disorders of the synesthesia type. In the most cases, the ear noise occurred against the background of already long-standing neurotic or overvalued hypochondria. Depending on clinical picture of ear noise, and features of the course of hypochondriacal disorder, the acoustic phenomenon of the “ear / head noises” type was revealed within four nosologies: hypochondriacal schizophrenia, schizotypal disorder, cluster B personality disorder with the phenomenon of hypochondriacal diathesis, paranoid personality disorder with the phenomenon of overvalued hypochondria.

   Conclusion: the results of the present study, in spite of a limited number of observations, allow us (as a working hypothesis) to propose the following statement: the acoustic phenomenon of the “ear / head noise” type can manifest in psychiatric disorders (psychopathological phenomena of the hypochondriacal circle) duplicating the symptoms of tinnitus at clinical level which, are formed within otolaryngological, neurologicl and somatic pathology. Taking into account these clinical data, hypochondriacal formations appearing in the considered casuistic of the present study, having no base of otorhinolaryngology-related pathology, or internal organ pathology, can be qualified in accordance with the criteria presented in publication A. B. Smulevich et al. (2023) as a part of somatic paranoia. Further comprehensive study of this phenomenon is necessary for more accurate verification of the clinical criteria for differential diagnosis, increasing the efficiency of identifying the pathology under discussion, and determining rational methods of complex treatment, including psychopharmacotherapy and psychotherapeutic modalities.
Suicidal Behavior in the Context of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder — Psychiatric and Psychosocial Aspects
Authors: Rozanov V. A. , Karavaeva T. A. , Vasileva A. V. , Radionov D. S.
Published: January 2024

Background: stress and trauma are important both for the development of PTSD and suicide, however, suicidal behavior in PTSD is not characterized enough.

   The aim of this narrative review is to present the latest and most evidence-based data on the relationship between suicidal behavior (in its wide range of manifestations — from suicidal thoughts and attempts to completedsuicide) with a psychiatric diagnosis of PTSD, or with individual symptoms of this disorder in different contingents.

   Materials and methods: data search was performed in PubMed and e-Library, as well as in relevant monographs, mostly evidence-based sources.

   Results: the data available strongly suggest that PTSD is not a priority, but a significant factor in an increased risk of suicide, especially in case of comorbidity with depression and addictions. The more a particular group is exposed to traumatic stress, the stronger the relationship between PTSD symptoms and suicidal behavior. The impact of PTSD on suicidality is largely mediated by the comorbidity and severity of psychosocial maladjustment that often accompanies PTSD. Dependence on a traumatic event and stress vulnerability are common links in the pathogenesis of PTSD, depression, and suicide.

   Conclusion: in clinical practice, the presence of a diagnosis or selected symptoms of PTSD is the reason for closer attention to the suicidal tendencies of the patient and the use of targeted prevention measures. On the population level, it is necessary to pay more attention to general hardiness and stress resilience.