bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The initial reasons for the revocation of a banking license of a credit institution in the context of constitutional legal proceedings
Authors: Kurakin Aleksei Valentinovich , Karpukhin Dmitrii Vyacheslavovich
Published: February 2021

Measures of administrative coercion have become widely used in the financial segment of economic relations. The revocation of a banking license of a credit institution is one of the most popular ones. The legal mechanism of this measure of administrative coercion has been in force for three years, but its analysis in the context of application to particular credit institutions reveals a range of fundamental problems connected with the clarification of the character, the role and the place of this measure within the system of administrative coercion. The authors analyze the problem of revocation of a banking license of a credit institution as it is described in the decisions of the Constitutional Court to find the key to the understanding the solution to these problems. The academic novelty of the research consists in the analysis of legal problems of using the measures of administration coercion in the banking system. The authors pay attention to the various functions of measures of administrative coercion in the banking system, and focus on such aspect as the revocation of a banking license of a credit institution. This measure is a form of administrative coercion combining the elements of prevention, constraint, and punishment of a credit institution. The authors note that the revocation of a banking license is one of the most serious measures of administrative coercion, and it is important to observe the constitutional principles of using it.  
Legal status of court assessors
Authors: Manin Iaroslav
Published: February 2021

The research subject is the legal status of jurors and commercial court assessors; the research object is social relations emerging during the implementation of substantive and procedural rules defining the status of the above mentioned categories of assessors according to the Russian national legislation as judges ad hoc. The author analyzes the legislation regulating the jurors and commercial court assessors focusing on its interpretations - judicial and doctrinal. The research contains the discussions with Russian scholars on the research topic, generalizes their views, describes contradictions and demonstrates the differences in their opinions. The author uses the statistical and other methods and arrives at particular conclusions. The author places the conclusions and suggestions both in the very text and in the executive summary of the article. The main is the conclusion about the equality of legal statuses of federal judges, jurors and commercial court assessors, and the equality of the statuses of federal judges emeritus and court assessors with the expired tenure. The novelty of the research consists in particular suggestions about the improvement of the legislation and detailed (compared with other works) elaboration of the status of court assessors. The author’s contribution consists in the elaboration of the problem which is of theoretical and practical importance, and is particularly urgent in the context of the judicial reform and law enforcement activities affecting protected persons.
Drafting and passing of the Constitution of the Russian Federation in the conditions of confrontation between the legislative and presidential branches in 1993
Authors: Khubeshty Artur Feliksovich
Published: February 2021

The object of this research is the process of drafting and passing of the 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation. The subject of this research is the political confrontation between the President and legislative authority in the context of elaboration of the basic law of the Russian Federation. The article employs the method of systemic analysis, which allows to gradually trace and analyze the events that determined the impossibility of adopting the Basic Law at the Congress of People’s Deputies of the Russian Federation. The author outlines the causes of confrontation between the President and the legislative branch, as well assesses the political situation, in which the new political system layered over the old, forcing the Congress of People’s Deputies and the Supreme Soviet of Russia to leave the political arena. The article reveals the conditions established in Russia in the 1990 – 1933 for the transformation of sociopolitical relations that allowed the President to take control over the initiative, which determined the political structure and the vector of socioeconomic development of the country. Based on the chronological analysis of the events, the conclusion is made that the likelihood of vast increase of the President’s role in the new political system was predetermined by indecisiveness of the legislative branch. The President and his team were able to implement in draft of the Constitution all their intentions balancing the presidential and parliamentary authorities.
Justice / Injustice in the metaphors of Russian politicians
Authors: Zeng Yalin
Published: February 2021

This article is dedicated to the analysis of reflection of the ethical category of “Justice / Injustice” in the Russian linguistic consciousness, in the speeches of various politicians. The object of this research is the representation of situational and value characteristics of this concept in the political metaphors. Special attention is given to the choice of metaphorical images for discussing different political disputes and debates on the question of achieving justice. The author examines such aspects as the category of eventivity, category of value, and verbalization of the concepts of “Justice / Injustice” using metaphors in the political discourse. The scientific novelty consists in merging political values with political metaphors for comprehensive analysis of value orientations of a politician, as well as characteristics of the use of political metaphors in the axiological aspect. It is proven that the value system forms value-semantic space of language. The analysis of metaphorical images in the political media discourse allowed revealing the current Russian political situation, which correlates to the concept of “Justice” within the value system of the Russian people. The acquired results can be applies in teaching stylistics and pragmatics of the Russian language, special courses of cognitive linguistics, conceptual research in linguistics, linguoculturology, as well as some fundamentals of political linguistics.
Ameliorative effects of high-protein diet on hepatotoxic alterations in Swiss albino mice exposed to mobile phone radiation
Authors: Bhattacharya Debajyoti , Biswas Prerona , Gangopadhyay Somnath , Bhakta Mausumi Sikdar
Published: February 2021

Objectives:

Nowadays, mobile phones have become a prime necessity. At present, various advance networking connections such as 3G and 4G are available in the market to get a faster service. However, these mobile phones emit harmful electromagnetic radiations which have various ill effects on different physiological systems. The present study has been done to find out the extent of damage caused by mobile phone radiation on liver cells, and, whether high-protein diet (HPD) has any ameliorative effect on such changes.

Materials and Methods:

Male Swiss Albino mice were divided into four groups. Two groups of animals were exposed to mobile phone radiation at global system for mobile communications like frequencies at 1.8 GHz for 3 h continuously per day for 90 days. One of these radiation exposed groups received a normal diet (containing 5% casein) and the other exposed group received a HPD (supplemented with 20% casein). The control group animals received only a normal diet, while the animals of the remaining group received only a HPD. The serum biochemical and histological parameters of liver tissues and ladder assay of hepatic DNA were studied.

Results:

A significantly elevated level (P < 0.05) of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, bilirubin and serum caspase-3 levels was observed in the group of animals exposed to electromagnetic radiation emitted from mobile phone. Histological changes were also observed in the experimental groups. Moreover, in genomic DNA ladder assay, fragmented DNA was observed in exposed group, which is a probable sign of cell apoptosis. Recovery symptoms were observed in the animals supplemented with high casein diet.

Conclusion:

From the present study, it may be concluded that electromagnetic radiation emitted from mobile phones has damaging effects on hepatocytes which may be ameliorated by HPD.
Desiring the restructuring of physiology laboratories for digital way of teaching: Perceptions of medical teachers in India
Authors: Taranikanti Madhuri , Mudunuru Aswin Kumar , Yerra Aruna Kumari , Srinivas M. , Guntuka Rohith Kumar , Dronamraju Akhila , Taranikanti Sai Shriya
Published: February 2021

Objectives:

The medical college curriculum in India has not seen a change for the past several years. An initiative has been taken by the Medical Council of India (MCI) in the Graduate Medical Regulation 2018 to bring a uniform change in teaching-learning methods. This change is necessary in all fields of medical education. Restructuring the physiology laboratories to teach practical procedures using digital computerised equipment and techniques could bring about deeper learning. The past several years have made physiology merely imaginative rather than experiential.

Materials and Methods:

A qualitative study was done using a questionnaire to obtain the perceptions of medical teachers of both genders engaged in teaching medical physiology. Desires and opinions of physiology teachers in changing the way physiology is taught were obtained.

Results:

Medical teachers felt that a change is necessary to provide better learning experience. More than 80% opined that computerised equipment provide better practical experience with wider understanding of the concepts which students can relate to theoretical concepts. About 85% of teachers supported the move to suggest to MCI on restructuring the laboratories with computerised equipment. More importantly, many teachers expressed that the digital laboratories would make learning very interesting, autonomous and self-directed. The study is not just a platform for opinions but is intended to prompt reflection and bring clarity to the regulatory bodies showing a way forward to change the laboratory setup urgently.

Conclusion:

Most of the medical teachers in India are finding it appropriate to employ digital ways in teaching Physiology to have better learning outcomes.
Comparison of autonomic function tests and high-sensitivity C-reactivity protein in overweight patients of polycystic ovarian syndrome and overweight controls
Authors: Pattnaik Sanghamitra , Gupta Supriya , Saxena Upma , Matlani Monika , Kapoor Raj
Published: February 2021

Objectives:

Both polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and high body mass index (BMI) are associated with autonomic dysfunction. Most of the patients of PCOS have high BMI. Hence, BMI is likely to be a factor contributing to the autonomic dysfunction in PCOS. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a marker of inflammation and a predictor of future cardiovascular risk. PCOS patients have low-grade chronic inflammatory state. Coexistence of PCOS and obesity causes more increase in CRP, thereby further increasing the risk of cardiovascular morbidity. We have performed autonomic function tests and estimated hs-CRP in overweight patients of PCOS and compared our findings with the control group consisting of overweight normal subjects. Our aim is to find out whether the cardioautonomic and inflammatory changes seen in PCOS are due to the presence of increased weight or do the presence of increased weight add to the severity of these changes seen in PCOS.

Materials and Methods:

Cases consisted of 44 overweight patients of PCOS and controls included 44 healthy overweight subjects, all in the age group of 18–45 years. Autonomic function test consisted of three sympathetic and three parasympathetic reactivity tests. The following tests were done for parasympathetic reactivity: (a) Deep breathing test – expiration:inspiration ratio (E:I) was calculated. (b) Valsalva maneuver-Valsalva ratio was calculated. (c) Heart rate changes from lying to standing (LST) - 30:15 ratio was calculated. For assessing sympathetic reactivity, the following tests were used: (a) Isometric handgrip test – the difference between resting diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reading and the reading before release of hand grip is noted. (b) Cold pressor test (CPT) – The rise in DBP over the baseline DBP was noted. (c) Systolic BP (SBP) change in LST – the maximum fall in SBP was recorded. Measurement of serum hs-CRP was done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:

We found that in the overweight PCOS group, there was a significant decrease in both sympathetic and parasympathetic reactivity than the overweight control group (p=0.000 for Valsalva ratio, 0.027 for 30:15 ratio, and 0.0005 for CPT). The difference between hs-CRP in controls and PCOS was also significant (P = 0.039).

Conclusion:

In our study, we concluded that the pathological changes due to PCOS could be attributed directly to the extent of inflammation measured by hs-CRP levels. These changes were not directly related to BMI as proven by comparing with controls (overweight non-PCOS subjects).
Nerve conduction velocities in radiologic technologists: A pilot study
Authors: Singhal Shefali , Jain Gaurav , Arya Prachi , Verma Virandra , Rajput Ajit Singh
Published: February 2021

Objectives:

Radiologic technologists (RTs) are typically exposed to low doses of radiations for longer periods, which have a health risk over many organs and tissues. Resistant tissues like nerves have shown neuropathic changes due to acute high-dose radiation exposure in the form of radiation therapy but the effect of low-dose chronic radiation exposure over peripheral nerves in RTs has been studied scantily.

Materials and Methods:

Nerve conduction parameters were recorded from 30 RTs and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals who were not exposed to radiation. Motor nerve conduction study (NCS) of bilateral median, ulnar, radial, common peroneal and tibial nerves and sensory NCS of bilateral median, ulnar and radial nerves were recorded and compared.

Results:

Significant changes were observed in the form of reduction in motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity (P < 0.05) in all the examined nerves. Sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitudes were reduced and latencies were prolonged significantly (P < 0.05) in all the examined sensory nerves. We also found reduced compound muscle action potential amplitude (significant in ulnar, radial, common peroneal and tibial nerves) along with prolonged motor distal latencies (significant in median, ulnar and tibial nerves) among RTs compared to healthy individuals.

Conclusion:

Chronic low-dose exposure of ionising radiation causes sub-clinical neuropathies affecting both sensory and motor nerves.
General Chemistry: Large Classes, Mixed Public, Three Languages (A Personal Experience)
Authors: Fromm Katharina M.
Published: February 2021

At most universities, teaching general chemistry to fresh(wo)men is a challenge as the audience is usually composed of students of different backgrounds and interests. On one hand, the lecture is meant to bring all students to a basic level of chemistry required for future studies,
on the other hand, certain concepts are discussed in much more depth than what students know from school. While it is already a balancing act to teach the content to students with little chemistry knowledge without boring those who took intensive classes at school, the University of Fribourg
adds a challenge by teaching officially bilingual classes.
Intersubjectivity and the Sociology of Alfred Schutz
Authors: Trujillo Joaquin
Published: March 2021

This article endeavors to answer three questions. (1) What is the interpretation of intersubjectivity posited by the sociology of Alfred Schutz? (2) Can we augment it by way of Husserl’s transcendental-phenomenological investigation of intersubjectivity? (3) What can Heidegger’s hermeneutics of intersubjectivity add to Schutz’s interpretation? The answer to the first question comprises six theses wrested from Schutz’s sociology. The analysis responds negatively to the second question. Its answer to the third question suggests the exposure of Schutz’s interpretation of intersubjectivity to Heidegger’s hermeneutics extends its exhibition of the phenomenon, enhances the disclosing-saying power of his sociology, and primes its empirical development.
Alienation and the Sociology of Alfred Schutz
Authors: Trujillo Joaquin
Published: March 2021

This article investigates the phenomenon of alienation as its rendition relates to the sociology of Alfred Schutz. Its goal is to augment our understanding of alienation within the context of Schutz and hermeneutic-phenomenology’s interpretation of intersubjectivity. It responds to the question: “If the World is indeed so profoundly intersubjective”, as Schutz’s sociology and hermeneutic-phenomenology suggest, “why does the everyday person dwelling in the life-world of the natural attitude commonly not endure it?” This article begins with a review of Schutz’s apparent neglect to address the phenomenon of alienation then responds to the capital question it poses with a hermeneutic-phenomenological exhibition of the matter that aims to compliment his sociology. Transcendental-horizonal and being-historical expositions of alienation are provided. The article concludes with a return to Schutz’s sociology to determine whether it contains a hidden interpretation of alienation in light of the preceding analysis. The final section also tables considerations for further sociological and phenomenological research of alienation.
Textes posthumes IV : Sur la théorie de l’objet : Natorp versus Husserl
Authors: Brisart Robert
Published: March 2021

Partant de la critique natorpienne de Husserl, l’auteur explique en quel sens les Recherches logiques ont amorcé un démantèlement du « mythe de l’objet ou du donné », que Husserl cependant, en raison de son correspon­dantisme, n’a pas su mener à son terme avant la Krisis, où, se rapprochant étonnamment des idées de Natorp, il finit par reconnaître que « l’objectivité à laquelle prétendent les prestations de la science continuent de porter la marque du “subjectif-relatif”, puisque toutes les productions scientifiques se rat­tachent ultimement à l’activité concrète de l’homme dans son monde ».
Textes posthumes VI : Leçon sur Sartre et Husserl
Authors: Brisart Robert
Published: March 2021

Issu d’une audition faite à Liège en mai 2009, ce texte analyse le texte de Sartre, « Une idée fondamentale de la phéno­ménologie de Husserl : l’intentionnalité ». D’abord, Brisart y approuve l’interprétation de Sartre sui­vant laquelle l’intentionnalité de Husserl marque, à l’encontre d’un certain mythe de l’intériorité, une profession de foi réaliste « dans sa version externaliste la plus forte ». Ensuite, il dénonce chez l’un et l’autre un mythe plus profond, constitutif du réalisme philosophique, qu’il dénomme le mythe de l’objet.
Merleau-Ponty, Foucault et l’autonomie de la conscience
Authors: Cormick Claudio
Published: March 2021

Nous essayerons dans ce travail d’analyser le problème du caractère conditionné ou autonome du sujet de la connaissance, en prenant comme point de départ la mise en rapport proposée par Philippe Sabot, dans un article récent, entre les thèses de Michel Foucault dans Les mots et les choses et celles de Maurice Merleau-Ponty dans son cours Les sciences de l’homme et la phénoménologie. D’abord (section 1) nous reconstruirons brièvement la lecture de Sabot, selon laquelle les deux philosophes auraient accordé sur un même « diagnostic » initial sur la dualité empirico-transcen­dantale de la condition humaine, malgré les différences de leurs solutions au dilemme. Ensuite (section 2), nous rappellerons que la « dualité » des vues sur l’homme consiste, pour le phénoménologue, en la tension entre une approche à la conscience comme « autonome » ou comme « conditionnée » par son milieu, et essaierons une reconstruction de l’argument selon lequel une telle dualité ne peut pas être simplement dépassée par le biais d’une acceptation unilatérale de la deuxième thèse. Le pas suivant (section 3) sera d’analyser si c’est bien d’une telle contradiction qu’il s’agit lorsque Foucault se réfère au rapport entre l’ « empirique » et le « transcendantal » — une lecture qui a été défendue non seulement par Sabot mais aussi par d’autres lecteurs de Foucault comme Jürgen Habermas. Au contraire, nous allons argumenter que — précisément parce que Foucault parle d’une « répétition » de l’empirique au niveau du transcendantal, d’une « valeur » transcendantale donnée aux contenus empiriques — il n’y a chez l’ « archéologue » aucune adhésion à la thèse que la dualité entre ces deux vues sur la conscience concernerait la di­chotomie autonomie-conditionnement. Par ailleurs (section 4), l’archéologue n’a pas même besoin d’aborder un « dilemme » comme celui qui existe pour Merleau-Ponty, parce que, comme il le déclare dans plusieurs textes, le caractère historiquement et socialement conditionné de la conscience n’empêche pas la capacité de celle-ci à distinguer le vrai du faux.
De l’autre côté du miroir de l’imagination : Imagination et imagerie mentale
Authors: Arcangeli Margherita
Published: March 2021

L’imagination est un sujet très débattu au sein de la philosophie contemporaine. Une question spécifique concerne le périmètre de l’imagination et s’attache à étudier quels phénomènes mentaux nous pouvons légitimement considérer comme imaginatifs. Selon une idée répandue, l’imagerie mentale est une figure de l’imagination qui présente des similarités avec la perception — ce qui a été appelé « imagination sensorielle ». Dans cette contribution, nous remettons en cause cette idée, plus tenue pour acquise qu’analysée. À travers une discussion des thèses défendues par Alan White, l’un des rares auteurs qui soutiennent que l’imagerie mentale n’est pas imaginative, nous montrerons qu’il convient de distinguer deux sens de la notion de l’« imagerie mentale ». Si selon un premier sens, l’imagerie mentale peut être assimilée à l’imagination sensorielle, il faut faire remarquer que selon le second sens, l’imagerie mentale ne constitue pas un phénomène spécifiquement imaginatif. Nous montrerons en outre comment le fait de négliger la distinction entre les deux sens embrouille les discussions sur l’imagination, quand l’imagerie mentale est invoquée. Notre hypothèse est que cette distinction est la clé d’une meilleure compréhension du domaine de l’imagination.
Quelle place pour l’imagination dans une phénoménologie de l’architecture ? Réflexions à partir de Roman Ingarden
Authors: Steinmetz Rudy
Published: March 2021

En raison des contraintes matérielles et fonctionnelles qui pèsent sur l’architecture, Roman Ingarden a tendance à n’accorder qu’une place restreinte à l’imagination dans ce domaine artistique. Or de grands architectes modernes comme Le Corbusier et Mies van der Rohe ont tâché de libérer l’espace construit de telles contraintes. Pour y parvenir, ils ont mis en œuvre ce qu’il n’est pas inconvenant d’appeler une épokhè architecturale. L’effet le plus notable de celle-ci a consisté dans la « réduction » de la substance physique et des finalités utilitaires des structures bâties qu’ils portaient à l’existence. C’est cette épokhè et la valorisation du rôle de l’imagination qu’elle entraîne dans le champ architectural qui sont au cœur de l’analyse proposée ici.
Imagination, représentation et impression : Quelques remarques grammaticales de Wittgenstein
Authors: Gauvry Charlotte
Published: March 2021

Notre article explore les analyses de Wittgenstein développées dans ses Remarques sur la philosophie de la psychologie II de 1948 qui examinent la corrélation entre la représentation et l’imagination. Ces remarques ont une portée essentiellement grammaticale en ceci qu’elles ont pour finalité de clarifier la manière dont les concepts de « représentation », d’ « image » et d’ « impression sensorielle » sont effectivement mobilisés dans nos jeux de langage ordinaires. Le premier objectif de l’article est de souligner la dimension critique de l’analyse de Wittgenstein en manifestant sa portée polémique à l’encontre de la conception de Hume qui associe l’imagination à une « idée » ou « image interne » et qui postule la thèse selon laquelle l’image interne et l’impression sensorielle diffèrent par leur degré de vivacité. L’un des enjeux de l’analyse wittgensteinienne est en effet de montrer qu’une telle conception repose sur un « mythe de l’image interne ». La preuve en est qu’il est possible de dissocier le concept d’imagination (entendue comme représentation), de ceux d’image et d’impression, même si ces concepts sont souvent corrélés. Plus positivement, le deuxième objectif de l’article est de souligner quelques spécificités grammaticales de la représentation par image. L’analyse conceptuelle manifeste en effet le fait que seule l’imagination, entendue comme activité de représentation, à la différence de l’impression, 1/ est soumise à la volonté, 2/ est une pratique normée, 3/ présente une dimension créatrice. En raison de ces spécificités, il s’avère que seule l’imagination est susceptible d’inventer de nouveaux jeux de langage. En conséquence, l’article insiste pour conclure sur le fait que l’imagination se présente comme un outil méthodologique privilégié de l’analyse wittgensteinienne dont l’une des aspirations ultimes est d’obtenir une visée synoptique de nos différents jeux de langage.
The computational power of matchgates and the XY interaction on arbitrary graphs
Authors: Brod Daniel J. , Childs Andrew M.
Published: March 2021

Matchgates are a restricted set of two-qubit gates known to be classically simulable when acting on nearest-neighbor qubits on a path, but universal for quantum computation when the qubits are arranged on certain other graphs. Here we characterize the power of matchgates acting on arbitrary graphs. Specifically, we show that they are universal on any connected graph other than a path or a cycle, and that they are classically simulable on a cycle. We also prove the same dichotomy for the XY interaction, a proper subset of matchgates related to some implementations of quantum computing.
Study on error reconciliation in quantum key distribution
Authors: Li Qiong , Le Dan , Mao Haokun , Niu Xiamu , Liu Tian , Guo Hong
Published: March 2021

As one of the most important procedure in quantum key distribution system, the error reconciliation algorithm has drew many attentions. However, studies on the error reconciliation algorithm mainly focuses on the reconciliation efficiency. Since the ultimate goal of study on the error reconciliation is to find the most suitable algorithm for a quantum key distribution system and maximize the throughput rate of the whole system, the indicator of reconciliation efficiency is not full-scale enough to evaluate an error reconciliation algorithm. In this paper we propose a new evaluation scheme, including four direct indicators and one composite indicator to solve the problem. Following the new scheme, seven representative error reconciliation algorithms are simulated and compared thoroughly, i.e. BBBSS, the original Cascade and two improved Cascade algorithms, Winnow, and two LDPC based algorithms. Our works are very beneficial to the evaluation, comparison, selection and optimization of error reconciliation algorithms for a practical quantum key distribution system.
Galois unitaries, mutually unbiased bases, and mub-balanced states
Authors: Appleby D. Marcus , Bengtsson Ingermar , Dang Hoan Bui
Published: February 2021

A Galois unitary is a generalization of the notion of anti-unitary operators. They act only on those vectors in Hilbert space whose entries belong to some chosen number field. For Mutually Unbiased Bases the relevant number field is a cyclotomic field. By including Galois unitaries we are able to remove a mismatch between the finite projective group acting on the bases on the one hand, and the set of those permutations of the bases that can be implemented as transformations in Hilbert space on the other hand. In particular we show that there exist transformations that cycle through all the bases in all dimensions d = p^n where p is an odd prime and the exponent n is odd. (For even primes unitary MUB-cyclers exist.) These transformations have eigenvectors, which are MUB-balanced states (i.e. rotationally symmetric states in the original terminology of Wootters and Sussman) if and only if d = 3 modulo 4. We conjecture that this construction yields all such states in odd prime power dimension.
Commuting quantum circuits with few outputs are unlikely to be classically simulatable
Authors: Takahashi Yasuhiro , Tani Seiichiro , Yamazaki Takeshi , Tanaka Kazuyuki
Published: February 2021

We study the classical simulatability of commuting quantum circuits with n input qubits and O(log n) output qubits, where a quantum circuit is classically simulatable if its output probability distribution can be sampled up to an exponentially small additive error in classical polynomial time. Our main result is that there exists a commuting quantum circuit that is not classically simulatable unless the polynomial hierarchy collapses to the third level. This is the first formal evidence that a commuting quantum circuit is not classically simulatable even when the number of output qubits is O(log n). Then, we consider a generalized version of the circuit and clarify the condition under which it is classically simulatable. Lastly, using a proof similar to that of the main result, we provide an evidence that a slightly extended Clifford circuit is not classically simulatable.
Entanglement of simultaneous and non-simultaneous accelerated qubit-qutrit systems
Authors: Metwally Nasser
Published: February 2021

In this contribution, we investigate the entanglement behavior of a composite system consists of two different dimensional subsystems in non-inertial frames. In particular, we consider a composite system of a qubit(two-dimensional) subsystem and a qutrit (threedimensional) subsystem. The degree of entanglement is quantified for different cases, where it is assumed that the two-subsystems are simultaneously or non- simultaneously accelerated. The entanglement decays with the increase of the acceleration of any subsystem. In general, the decay rate of entanglement increases with higher dimension of the accelerated subsystem. These results could be important in building an accelerated quantum network consist of different dimensions nodes.
METHODOLOGY FOR OPTIMIZING THE PARAMETERS OF MACHINE FEEDING OF CATTLE
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, KIRSANOV VLADIMIR V. , PAVKIN DMITRIY YU. , NIKITIN EVGENY A. , DOVLATOV IGOR M.
Published: March 2021

The authors propose a methodology for determining technological parameters for the machine implementation of the preparation and distribution of feed mixture at cattle breeding facilities. The proposed methodology can be used to determine the optimal ratio parameters of the number of technical means for preparing a feed mixture and the number of operations performed for feeding cattle with multi-component feed mixtures. It was developed taking into account livestock breeding requirements and standards. The authors present an analysis that takes into account the European, Russian and American experience of the technology of organizing cattle feeding. This methodology applies to facilities (a farm) practicing year-round keeping of animals, where a concrete feed table is mounted in the same plane with the passage for technical equipment: a tractor, an aggregated or self-propelled mixer dispenser, as well as an auxiliary technical means – a feed pusher or its substitute attachments on the tractor. The feed mixture is dispensed on both sides. Taking into account the strategy of organizing the technological process of cattle feeding, the proposed method allows determining the optimal construction parameters of livestock facilities at the design stage, as well as the number and productivity of the machines used.
DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS FOR METHODS AND TECHNICAL MEANS OF FARM CROP PROTECTION
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, DOROKHOV ALEKSEI S. , STAROSTIN IVAN A. , ESCHIN ALEKSANDR V.
Published: March 2021

Modern intensive highly productive agricultural production should be based on a combination of various types of plant protection measures – quarantine, agrotechnical, chemical, breeding, biological, mechanical and physical methods, taking into account the balance between their effi ciency, minimal negative impact on the environment and economic feasibility. The paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the listed methods. The chemical method of plant protection, despite its shortcomings, is one of the most widely used productive and eff ective methods. The negative eff ect of the chemical method can be signifi cantly reduced by tightening the requirements for the safety of using pesticides for the environment and human health, ensuring targeted application of the product directly to the treated object, increasing the quality of application and reducing the loss of working fl uid, using productsw with a narrower range of action and short decomposition time. The authors stress that in order to achieve maximum effi ciency of chemical treatment, sprayer nozzles must provide a monodisperse spray and, at the same time, be able to adjust the size of monodisperse aerosol droplets in the range from 10 to 150 microns. Technical means for plant protection should be equipped with means that allow eliminating or minimizing the working fl uid drift as a result of wind exposure and evaporation, and ensuring the forced deposition of aerosol droplets on the treated objects to reduce the loss of working fl uid.
CONCEPTUAL GROUNDS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A REGIONAL MULTIFUNCTIONAL SERVICE CENTER FOR DAIRY LIVESTOCK
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, EROKHIN MIKHAIL N. , DOROKHOV ALEKSEI S. , KIRSANOV VLADIMIR V. , CHEPURINA EKATERINA L.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The paper outlines the main problems related to the technical service of machines and equipment used in dairy farming. The authors analyze the companies that provide their services to dairy farms of various sizes and forms of ownership, ranging from personal subsidiary farms to agricultural holdings. The main disadvantages of technical service of small and medium farms are shown, namely: large number and disunity of individual equipment suppliers; lack of incoming control of products and materials being in contact with milk; inconsistency in a number of cases of the proposed technical and technological solutions and equipment operation modes with the international requirements and other regulatory documents; impossibility of providing qualifi ed consulting, technical, fi nancial, legal and economic support to agricultural producers. The authors propose a structural and logistic model of a regional multifunctional service center for the livestock breeding industry, providing comprehensive technological, technical and operational services related to consulting, training, choosing the best available technologies and appropriate sets of machines. The multifunctional service center is expected to unite the disparate eff orts of regional service companies and dealers, improve the quality of services provided to commodity producers, and raise the level of production on small and medium-size farms.
EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINING THE ANGLE OF LATERAL STATIC STABILITY OF MACHINES WITH BALANCED SUSPENSION OF THE STEERING WHEEL AXLE
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, SCHIGOLEV SERGEY V. , LOMAKIN SERGEY G.
Published: March 2021

The criterion to determine the stability of self-propelled agricultural machines is the angle of lateral static stability. The authors analyzed methods for determining the angle of lateral static stability of self-propelled wheeled vehicles used during the state tests. The analysis revealed a signifi cant deviation in the obtained results depending on the experimental and analytical methods used. Based on their analysis, it was determined that such a discrepancy in the results can be explained by a signifi cant simplifi cation of the calculation scheme used in the experimental-analytical method, instead of the tire deformation taken into account. The authors propose a method for determining the angle of lateral static stability for wheeled vehicles equipped with a balanced suspension of a steering axle. Moreover, the paper presents additional measurements and established relationships to take into account the eff ect of both the suspension, and tire deformation on the considered angle. To determine the angle of the lateral static stability of the machine, taking into account the infl uence of the balance suspension of the steering axle and the tire deformation, the authors propose to use a graphical method. Using this method reduces the labor intensity and increases the information value of the analysis, showing the signifi cance of each factor aff ecting the angle. The paper shows the expediency of using the proposed technique, which makes it possible to signifi cantly reduce the deviation of the calculated and experimental values of the lateral static stability angle.
Seismic Behavior of a Tall Building Reinforced with High Strength Bars
Authors: Aldahlki Husain S. A. , Hueste Mary Beth
Published: February 2021

Reinforced concrete tall buildings are widely spread around the world. Tall buildings in high seismic regions have substantial capacity requirements due to both gravity loads and seismic demands that often lead to very heavily congested sections. Therefore, using high strength reinforcement with a reduced area of steel bars introduces a valuable solution. However, the tensile characteristics of high strength reinforcement differ from conventional reinforcement and may lead to differences in the structural response and behavior of structural members. Consequently, the global response of the building seismic-force-resisting system (SFRS) could vary from that of a conventional steel reinforced SFRS. This study investigates the global and local response of a tall concrete building reinforced with high strength reinforcement (Grade 100 (690 MPa)) when subject to earthquake demands. A three-dimensional model for a case study building, which is a 46-story tall building, was prepared. By using the capabilities of nonlinear analyses in OpenSees, the building model was developed and analyzed. The performance of the building reinforced with conventional and high strength reinforcement was investigated and reviewed according to the Tall Building Initiative (TBI) guidelines. Eleven different ground motions were selected and scaled to represent the Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCER) level for the case study building site. The global and local response parameters showed that the tall building reinforced with a reduced area of high strength steel (Grade 100 (690 MPa)) performed similarly to the same building reinforced with conventional reinforcement (Grade 60 (414 MPa)). The results provide information relevant to the implementation of high strength reinforcement in seismic applications and serves to increase the understanding of the resulting impacts on the structural response of a case study tall building.
Replacement of the Myrtle Avenue Viaduct
Authors: Decorges Guy , Quaglia Chad , Zoli Theodore , Abbas Syed , Mandell Jacob
Published: February 2021

The original 100 m long Myrtle Avenue Viaduct was constructed in 1913 and carried two critical New York City Transit (NYCT) subway tracks in Brooklyn. The geometric configuration of the viaduct weaves through a narrow corridor on a NYCT-owned private right-of-way with multiple adjacent properties, including occupied houses straddling the viaduct on both the east and west sides. Many of these residents and businesses had to be relocated during the 10-month replacement process. Constant operation and exposure to the elements resulted in severe deterioration of the original viaduct leaving it in a state of disrepair. Factoring risk, cost and existing conditions of the structure, the engineer’s assessment led to a proposed design alternative beyond the client’s expectations, which originally called for replacement of the superstructure only. The designer recommended an entirely new structure and promised completion within the same time frame as the originally planned partial replacement.
Construction methods for building the Hisingen Bridge
Authors: Ekholm Kristoffer , Hellgren Jacob
Published: February 2021

Gothenburg’s main connection across the river Göta älv needs to be secured for the future. The existing bascule bridge will be replaced by a new vertical lift bridge as of 2021. This river crossing is the only connection across the river for the entire tram network in Gothenburg. It is also a very important connection for busses, pedestrians, bicycles and cars. The location of the new bridge, close to the existing bridge in the central part of Gothenburg, generates several challenges that requires special attention such as: logistics, construction planning and minimal impact on the existing city during construction.

The new bridge is constructed as two separate bridges. One larger bridge that carries all means of transportation with a vertical lift span over the fairway and one bridge exclusively for public transport. There are several very difficult technical challenges within this project. One key challenge has been finding a balance between on-site construction and off-site prefabrication due to lack of space and tight deadlines. None of the construction are not allowed to have any negative impact on the traffic nor surrounding structures, which has shown to be difficult during foundation works.
Anticipate Construction of Single Pylon Cable-Stayed Kretek II Bridge in Near-Fault Zone
Authors: Santoso Budi , Pramudito Ary , Zamad Muhammad Kadri
Published: February 2021

The earthquake event occurred with a magnitude of 7.4 which caused a tsunami and liquefaction was the cause the Ponulele bridge collapse, which precisely cut the location of the fault. Such events are expected not to occur in other locations. The characteristics of Kretek II cable-stayed bridge location is relatively identical to the location of the Ponulele Bridge. The distance of Opak fault from the location of the planned Kretek II Bridge is approximately 20 m with a slip-rate of 2.4 mm/year. This situation is also exacerbated by local soil conditions that have the potential for liquefaction.
The 200 Year Bridge - The New Goethals Bridge as a Roadmap
Authors: Spoth Thomas , Condell Seth
Published: February 2021

The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey has completed the replacement of the congested and functionally obsolete Goethals Bridge, a circa 1928 steel cantilever truss bridge, with a dual-span modern cable-stayed bridge connecting Elizabeth, New Jersey and Staten Island, NY. Designed as a 150 year service life structure, the newly opened crossing paves the way towards achieving the possibility of a 200 year bridge, both in material durability, structural redundancy / resilience, and modal flexibility.

The new crossing features three eastbound and three westbound lanes plus a 3 m wide shared use path (SUP) for bicycles and pedestrians. To accommodate future expansion, the superstructure of the cable stayed spans is designed to receive steel framing to support a variety of possible transit options including light rail, while the substructure need not be strengthened for this future load. With a 274 m main span, the new crossing provides a significant maritime navigational improvement over the original 205 m steel truss span.

Herein we focus on the strategic application of corrosion protection strategies to achieve the long service life in a competitive bid environment, structural benefit of the design as relates to resiliency, modal flexibility, and operational redundancy to withstand extreme events.
Lessons from the Cardington Fire Tests: Applications in the Performance-Based Fire Design
Authors: Galluzzi Nicoletta , O'Connor Mark A.
Published: February 2021

Performance-based fire design represents one of the routes available to design for structural fire safety. The development of the approach and the assessment of the behaviour of multi-storey composite steel structures in fire have been mainly developed from the understanding gained from the Cardington full-scale fire tests carried out between 1995-96. The tests not only contributed to the understanding of the inherent fire resistance of steel-framed buildings, but also provided significant data to validate computational finite element (FE) models which are now used to develop optimum fire protection designs for safety, sustainability and economy.

By adopting the performance-based approach to structural fire engineering, more economical designs and efficient construction programmes of buildings can be achieved. Additionally, performance-based design can enhance the levels of safety by providing a better understanding of the actual behaviour of the structure during fire.

This paper outlines the lessons learned from the Cardington fire tests and the development of the key outcomes in the last 20 years in the advancement of the performance-based fire design process. Examples of practical applications of performance-based fire design on large and tall steel-framed buildings carried out by the authors are given along with the main challenges and technical issues.
Post-Tensioned Stress Ribbon Systems in Long Span Roofs
Authors: Ahmed Samih , Minchot Guayente , Eriksson Anders , King Fritz , Hällgren Mikael
Published: February 2021

Cable systems have numerous advantages, such as: large column-free areas, and reduced materials consumption, which reduces the load and the cost. Nevertheless, they are rarely used in long span roofs due to large deflections, and the insuﬃcient space for end supports, or/and back-stayed cables. This work suggests the use of post-tension stress ribbon system in long span roofs in order to reduce the pull-out forces, deﬂections and concrete stresses compared to a conventional cable system. A comparison is carried out through meticulous and accurate finite element simulations, using SAP2000, implemented for the new +200m roof of Västerås Travel Center (Sweden), which will become one of the longest cable suspended roofs in the world, if not the longest. Results confirm the suitability and superiority of stress ribbon systems as it reduces concrete stresses, deﬂections, pull-out forces and vertical reactions. These reductions are found highly correlated to the applied prestressing forces.