bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new approach for professional dental bleaching using a polymeric catalyst primer
Authors: Dias Marlon Ferreira , Martins Beatriz Voss , de Oliveira Ribeiro Rafael Antonio , Leite Maria Luísa , Ortecho‐Zuta Uxua , Hebling Josimeri , Costa Carlos Alberto de Souza
Published: October 2022

Objective

Evaluate the influence of a polymeric catalyst primer (PCP) on esthetic efficacy (EE), degradation kinetics of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and trans‐amelodentinal cytotoxicity (TC) of bleaching gels.

Materials and Methods

The following groups were established: G1: No treatment (NC, negative control); G2: PCP; G3: 10% H2O2; G4: PCP + 10% H2O2; G5: 20% H2O2; G6: PCP + 20% H2O2; G7: 35% H2O2 (positive control); G8: PCP + 35% H2O2. To determine EE, enamel/dentin discs (E/DDs) were stained and subjected or not to bleaching protocols for 45 min. To assess TC, the E/DDs were adapted to artificial pulp chambers. The extracts (culture medium + gel components diffused through E/DDs) were applied to odontoblast‐like MDPC‐23 cells. The viability (VB), oxidative stress (OxS), morphology (SEM), amount of H2O2 diffused and the production of hydroxyl radical (OH•) were assessed (two‐way ANOVA/Tukey/paired Student t‐test; p < 0.05).

Results

The highest EE was found in G8 (p < 0.05), and G4, G6, and G7 did not differ statistically (p > 0.05). In G4, the limited H2O2 diffusion reduced OxS and increased cell VB (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Coating the enamel with PCP containing 10 mg/ml of manganese oxide before applying the 10% H2O2 bleaching gel maintains the EE of conventional in‐office bleaching and minimizes the toxic effects of this esthetic therapy.

Clinical Significance

Coating the enamel with a PCP before applying the bleaching gel may potentiate the EE of the conventional in‐office tooth bleaching and reduce the toxicity of this professional therapy to the dental pulp.
Evaluation of six different one‐step universal adhesive systems in terms of dentin bond strength, adhesive interface characterization, surface tension, contact angle, degree of conversion and solvent evaporation after immediate and delayed use
Authors: Balkaya Hacer , Demirbuğa Sezer
Published: October 2022

Objectives

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of different waiting periods on resin‐dentin bond strength (BS), degree of conversion (DC), contact angle (CA), surface tension (ST), solvent evaporation (weight loss) and the characteristics of adhesive interfaces of the current six universal adhesive resins (ARs).

Materials and Methods

A total of 216 caries‐free human lower third molar teeth were used. Composite resin restorations were performed by applying six universal ARs in etch‐and‐rinse and self‐etch mode on standardized dentin surfaces after 0, 5, and 30 min waiting time. Then, a micro‐shear BS test, SEM examination and characterization of the adhesive interface were performed. In addition, DC, CA, ST, solvent evaporation of all tested ARs were evaluated.

Results

The obtained data were statistically anaIyzed. The tested ARs did not show any statistical difference between 0 and 5 min evaluations in all parameters evaluated except for weight loss (p > 0.05). While the weight loss, ST and CA of all ARs increased in 30 min (p < 0.05), the BS, DC, thickness of the adhesive layer and the hybrid layer, resin tag length and number of resin tags varied according to the ARs used. When the ARs were used in etch‐and‐rinse mode, all the parameters evaluated also varied according to the AR used. Higher adhesive layer thickness and lower hybrid layer thickness were found in the self‐etch mode (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

All of the adhesives tested can be safely used up to 30 min. This could also prevent economical loss caused by waste adhesive material.

Clinical Significance

It is important to know how the bond strength, degree of conversion, adhesion, contact angle and surface tension properties of the adhesive resin waiting in the dispensing cup for a long time during clinical use are affected to make ideal restorations.
A new species ofParotocinclus(Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from the rio Pardo basin, Bahia State, Brazil, with comments on the sexually dimorphic traits of the nares and olfactory lamellae
Authors: Silva‐Junior Dario E. , Zanata Angela M.
Published: October 2022

A new species ofParotocinclusis described from lower rio Pardo basin, Bahia, Brazil. The new species differs from the majority of its congeners by the presence of a rudimentary or vestigial adipose fin, restricted to one to three small unpaired plates on the typical location of the fin. The new species differs from congeners that lack a well‐developed adipose fin, and also from various other congeners, by a series of features including the absence of unicuspid accessory teeth and abdomen completely covered by plates similar in size.Additionally, mature males of the new species possess hypertrophied and a higher number of olfactory lamellae, when compared to similar‐sized or even larger females. Hypertrophied and higher number of olfactory lamellae in males is shared with the congeners from the north‐eastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion examined to the feature.
OpNAC1 transcription factor regulates the biosynthesis of the anticancer drug camptothecin by targeting loganic acid O‐methyltransferase in Ophiorrhiza pumila
Authors: Hao Xiaolong , Wang Can , Zhou Wei , Ruan Qingyan , Xie Chenhong , Yang Yinkai , Xiao Chengyu , Cai Yan , Wang Jingyi , Wang Yao , Zhang Xuebin , Maoz Itay , Kai Guoyin
Published: October 2022

Camptothecin (CPT) is an anticancer pentacyclic quinoline alkaloid widely used to treat cancer patients worldwide. However, the biosynthetic pathway and transcriptional regulation of camptothecin are largely unknown. Ophiorrhiza pumila, the herbaceous plant from the Rubiaceae family, has emerged as a model plant for studying camptothecin biosynthesis and regulation. In this study, a high‐quality reference genome of O. pumila with estimated size of ~456.90 Mb was reported, and the accumulation level of camptothecin in roots was higher than that in stems and leaves. Based on its spatial distribution in the plant, we examined gene functions and expression by combining genomics with transcriptomic analysis. Two loganic acid O‐methyltransferase (OpLAMTs) were identified in strictosidine‐producing plant O. pumila, and enzyme catalysis assays showed that OpLAMT1 and not OpLAMT2 could convert loganic acid into loganin. Further knock‐out of OpLAMT1 expression led to the elimination of loganin and camptothecin accumulation in O. pumila hairy roots. Four key residues were identified in OpLAMT1 protein crucial for the catalytic activity of loganic acid to loganin. By co‐expression network, we identified a NAC transcription factor, OpNAC1, as a candidate gene for regulating camptothecin biosynthesis. Transgenic hairy roots and biochemical assays demonstrated that OpNAC1 suppressed OpLAMT1 expression. Here, we reported on two camptothecin metabolic engineering strategies paving the road for industrial‐scale production of camptothecin in CPT‐producing plants.
Navigating Uncertainty: A Case Study of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy
Authors: Blumenfeld Julie , Koo Kristin
Published: October 2022

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), the most common liver disorder of pregnancy, is associated with complications for both a pregnant person and their fetus. The underlying cause is not well understood. The pruritus associated with ICP is uncomfortable for pregnant people; however, the primary concern is the fetal risk. Fetal risks include preterm labor and birth and intrauterine fetal demise. This is particularly significant for certain populations because of the disparities in incidence of ICP; in the United States, it disproportionately affects Latinx people, the largest and fastest‐growing minority population. Diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of ICP are vital to reduce discomfort from pruritis and avoid potential fetal demise. However, diagnosis and treatment are complicated by the lack of definitive diagnostic criteria, the frequent delay in laboratory analysis, and the cost of treatment. This case report aims to improve midwives’ familiarity with ICP and discusses the epidemiology, risk factors, presentation, diagnostic criteria, and available management strategies for this disease as well as the importance of anticipatory guidance regarding increased lifetime risk of ICP in future pregnancies and hepatobiliary disease. Additionally, it discusses the challenges involved in diagnosis and access to treatment. Prompt diagnosis and initiation of treatment may reduce fetal morbidity and mortality.
The impact of break duration, time of break onset, and prior shift duration on the amount of sleep between shifts in heavy vehicle drivers
Authors: Harris Rachael , Beatty Caroline J. , Cori Jennifer M. , Spitz Gershon , Soleimanloo Shamsi Shekari , Peterson Scott A. , Naqvi Aqsa , Barnes Maree , Downey Luke A. , Shiferaw Brook A. , Anderson Clare , Tucker Andrew J. , Clark Anna , Rajaratnam Shantha M. W. , Howard Mark E. , Sletten Tracey L. , Wolkow Alexander P. ,   the National Transport Commission Heavy Vehicle Driver Fatigue Project Team
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to examine the impact of break duration between consecutive shifts, time of break onset, and prior shift duration on total sleep time (TST) between shifts in heavy vehicle drivers (HVDs), and to assess the interaction between break duration and time of break onset. The sleep (actigraphy and sleep diaries) and work shifts (work diaries) of 27 HVDs were monitored during their usual work schedule for up to 9 weeks. Differences in TST between consecutive shifts and days off were assessed. Linear mixed models (followed by pairwise comparisons) assessed whether break duration, prior shift duration, time of break onset, and the interaction between break duration and break onset were related to TST between shifts. Investigators found TST between consecutive shifts (mean [SD] 6.38 [1.38] h) was significantly less than on days off (mean [SD] 7.63 [1.93] h; p < 0.001). Breaks starting between 12:01 and 8:00 a.m. led to shorter sleep (p < 0.05) compared to breaks starting between 4:01 and 8:00 p.m. Break durations up to 7, 9, and 11 h (Australian and European minimum break durations) resulted in a mean (SD) of 4.76 (1.06), 5.66 (0.77), and 6.41 (1.06) h of sleep, respectively. The impact of shift duration prior to the break and the interaction between break duration and time of break were not significant. HVDs’ sleep between workdays is influenced independently by break duration and time of break onset. This naturalistic study provides evidence that current break regulations prevent sufficient sleep duration in this industry. Work regulations should evaluate appropriate break durations and break onset times to allow longer sleep opportunities for HVDs.
A Phytophthora capsiciRXLR effector manipulates plant immunity by targeting RAB proteins and disturbing the protein trafficking pathway
Authors: Li Tianli , Ai Gan , Fu Xiaowei , Liu Jin , Zhu Hai , Zhai Ying , Pan Weiye , Shen Danyu , Jing Maofeng , Xia Ai , Dou Daolong
Published: October 2022

The oomycete pathogen Phytophthora capsici encodes hundreds of RXLR effectors that enter the plant cells and suppress host immunity. Only a few of these genes are conserved across different strains and species. Such core effectors might target hub genes and immune pathways in hosts. Here, we describe the functional characterization of the core P. capsici RXLR effector RXLR242. The expression of RXLR242 was up‐regulated during infection, and its ectopic expression in Nicotiana benthamiana, an experimental plant host, further promoted Phytophthora infection. RXLR242 physically interacted with a group of RAB proteins that belong to the small GTPase family and play a role in regulating transport pathways in the intracellular membrane trafficking system. In addition, RXLR242 impeded the secretion of PATHOGENESIS‐RELATED 1 (PR1) protein to the apoplast. This phenomenon resulted from the competitive binding of RXLR242 to RABE1‐7. We also found that RXLR242 interfered with the association between RABA4‐3 and its binding protein, thereby disrupting the trafficking of the membrane receptor FLAGELLIN‐SENSING 2. Thus, RXLR242 manipulates plant immunity by targeting RAB proteins and disrupting protein trafficking in the host plants.
Experimental infection of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus and Culex pipiens mosquitoes with Bluetongue virus
Authors: Ledda Salvatore , Foxi Cipriano , Puggioni Giantonella , Bechere Roberto , Rocchigiani Angela Maria , Scivoli Rosario , Coradduzza Elisabetta , Cau Simona , Vento Luigi , Satta Giuseppe
Published: October 2022

Bluetongue disease (BT), caused by Bluetongue virus (BTV), infects wild and domestic ruminants, causing severe economic damage in the cattle and sheep industry. Proven vectors of BTV are biting midges belonging to the Culicoides genus, but other arthropods are considered potential vectors, such as ticks, mosquitoes, wingless flies, and sand flies. The present study represents the first attempt to evaluate the vectorial capacity of Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus for BTV. Mosquitoes were artificially fed with blood containing BTV serotype 1. Infection, dissemination and transmission rates were evaluated at 0, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after an infected blood meal. Viral RNA was only detected up to 3 days post infection in the bodies of both species. This study indicates that the two Italian populations of Cx. pipiens and Ae. albopictus are not susceptible to BTV infection.
Systematic review of small intestine pacing parameters for modulation of gut function
Authors: Nagahawatte Nipuni D. , Cheng Leo K. , Avci Recep , Angeli‐Gordon Timothy R. , Paskaranandavadivel Niranchan
Published: October 2022

Background and Purpose

The efficacy of conventional treatments for severe and chronic functional motility disorders remains limited. High‐energy pacing is a promising alternative therapy for patients that fail conventional treatment. Pacing primarily regulates gut motility by modulating rhythmic bio‐electrical events called slow waves. While the efficacy of this technique has been widely investigated on the stomach, its application in the small intestine is less developed. This systematic review was undertaken to summarize the status of small intestinal pacing and evaluate its efficacy in modulating bowel function through preclinical research studies.

Methods

The literature was searched using Scopus, PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Studies investigating electrophysiological, motility, and/or nutrient absorption responses to pacing were included. A critical review of all included studies was conducted comparing study outcomes against experimental protocols.

Results

The inclusion criteria were met by 34 publications. A range of pacing parameters including amplitude, pulse width, pacing direction, and its application to broad regional small intestinal segments were identified and assessed. Out of the 34 studies surveyed, 20/23 studies successfully achieved slow‐wave entrainment, 9/11 studies enhanced nutrient absorption and 21/27 studies modulated motility with pacing.

Conclusion

Small intestine pacing shows therapeutic potential in treating disorders such as short bowel syndrome and obesity. This systematic review proposes standardized protocols to maximize research outcomes and thereby translate to human studies for clinical validation. The use of novel techniques such as high‐resolution electrical, manometric, and optical mapping in future studies will enable a mechanistic understanding of pacing.
What Is the Normal Trajectory of C‐Reactive Protein, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Plasma Fibrinogen and D‐Dimer after Two‐Stage Exchange for Periprosthetic Joint Infection?
Authors: Wu Yuangang , Zhou Jinhan , Liu Ran , Zeng Yi , Sun Kaibo , Li Mingyang , Peng Linbo , Xu Jiawen , Shen Bin
Published: October 2022

Objective

C‐reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), plasma fibrinogen and D‐Dimer are used as diagnostic biomarkers of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The purpose of the study was to investigate the normal trajectory of CRP, ESR, plasma fibrinogen and D‐Dimer at different time points after two‐stage exchange arthroplasty for PJI.

Methods

We studied 53 patients undergoing two‐stage exchange for PJI at five time points: preoperatively (T0), duration of hospital stays (T1), 30 days (T2), 30–90 days (T3), and 90–180 days (T4) after surgery. The medical records of all patients were well documented and carefully reviewed. The Shapiro–Wilk test was utilized to compare the normal distribution for continuous variables, and the nonnormally distributed data were used for Friedmann's one‐way repeat measures analysis of variances. Post hoc Dunnett's test was used to compare each pair of data to find differences from baseline.

Results

Compare with T0 point, the levels of CRP and ESR increased significantly and reached peak values at T1 point (all P < 0.001), with median values of 56.40 mg/L (range, 5.54–161.0 mg/L) and 49.00 mm/h (range, 13.00–113.0 mm/h), respectively. In addition, the levels of plasma fibrinogen and D‐Dimer increased significantly and reached peak values at T1 point (all P < 0.001), with median values of 4.13g/L (range, 2.27–6.80 mg/L) and 4.00 mg/L (range, 0.19–14.01 mg/L), respectively. CRP and ESR rapidly declined at the T2 point with significantly compared with T0 point (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001). The levels of CRP, ESR, plasma fibrinogen and D‐Dimer returned to preoperative levels of 5.23 mg/L (range, 1.01–21.70 mg/L), 19.00 mm/h (range, 6.00–60.00 mm/h), 3.38g/L (range, 1.71–5.10 g/L) and 2.33 mm/h (range, 0.19–6.87 mg/L) at T4 point, and there was no significant difference compared with T0 point (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions

The study demonstrated the normal trajectory of CRP, ESR, plasma fibrinogen and D‐Dimer at five time points in patients who underwent two‐stage exchange for PJI. Thus, the results have the possibility of providing signs of infection after the patient receives two‐stage exchange arthroplasty for PJI, which can benefit from early treatment.
Feasibility of a novel algorithm for automated reconstruction of the left atrial anatomy based on intracardiac echocardiography
Authors: Akerström Finn , Drca Nikola , Jensen‐Urstad Mats , Braunschweig Frieder
Published: October 2022

Background

Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is frequently used to guide electrophysiology procedures. The novel automated algorithm Cartosoundfam is a model‐based algorithm which reconstructs a 3D anatomy of the left atrium (LA) based on a set of 2D intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) frames, without the need to manually annotate ultrasound (US) contours.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of the Cartosoundfam module in routine clinical setting.

Methods

We included 16 patients undergoing LA mapping/catheter ablation. Two‐dimensional US frames were acquired from the right atrium (RA) and the right ventricular outflow tract. The Cartosoundfam map was validated in two steps: (1) identification of anatomical structures (pulmonary veins [PV] and LA body and appendage) by alignment of the ablation catheter to the automated map; and (2) analysis of the automated lesion tags (Visitag) location in relation to the PV antrum of the Cartosoundfam map in nine patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing first time pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).

Results

Mean 2D US frames per patient were 29 ± 6 and acquisition time was 16 ± 4 min. All anatomical structures were correctly identified in all patients (step 1). In the step 2 validation, the median distance to the map was 2.0 (IQR: 2.4) mm and the majority of the Visitags were classified as satisfactory (69%) but all PV segments had some Visitags classified as unsatisfactory.

Conclusion

The automated ICE‐based algorithm correctly identified the LA anatomical structures in all patients with a 69% anatomical accuracy of the Visitags alignments to the PV antrum segments.
Oxidative stress, DNA damage, and histological alterations in Bombyx mori exposed orally to pesticide dimethoate
Authors: Qadri Hashim Ashraf , Qamar Ayesha , Maheshwari Nikhil
Published: October 2022

Pesticides are an essential part of agricultural practices that ward off pathogens and diseases from the agricultural crop. However, apart from target organisms, these chemicals also have adverse effects on non‐target organisms. Dimethoate is an insecticide used extensively in agriculture and horticulture practices worldwide. We used the silkworm Bombyx mori as a model organism to study the effect of commercial formulation of dimethoate (Dimethoate‐30% EC) on the gut, silk gland, and fat body tissues. LD50 of dimethoate‐30% EC on silkworm (B. mori) was 997 ppm, as reported in a previous study. We used concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 ppm in our experiments. Our results showed that sub‐lethal doses of dimethoate caused weight loss and induced damage at the histological level to the mid‐gut, silk gland, and fat body of B. mori. It also caused a decrease in the level of antioxidants like CAT, SOD, GPx, GSH, and GST, indicating that dimethoate has produced a shift of ROS balance towards free radical generation and therefore resulted in overall damage to this organism. Sub‐lethal doses of this pesticide also caused lipid peroxidation in the silk gland, gut, and fat body of B. mori, damaging these tissues. The disruption was also seen in the mid‐gut and middle silk gland at the DNA level, where it caused single‐strand breaks, as was revealed by single cell gel electrophoresis studies. Damage at histological, biochemical, and molecular levels was most extreme at a concentration of 100 ppm, the highest sub‐lethal concentration given to B. mori.
An anatomy of the impact of COVID‐19 on the global and intra‐Commonwealth trade in goods
Authors: Khorana Sangeeta , Martínez‐Zarzoso Inmaculada , Ali Salamat
Published: October 2022

This article employs gravity modeling to examine the effect of COVID‐19 on global and intra‐Commonwealth trade. It uses bilateral monthly exports, number of COVID‐19 cases and deaths and the stringency of measures. The main novelty is the use of price indices as proxies for multilateral resistance terms, which allow us to identify, supply, and demand effects of COVID‐19 on bilateral trade. The incidence of COVID‐19 impacts Commonwealth trade flows, the effect varies with the development level. High numbers of COVID‐19 cases, including deaths, in low‐income importers reduced Commonwealth exports unlike high‐income importers that show higher exports. The incidence of COVID in an exporters' neighbouring countries impacted trade and restrictions in high‐income countries increased Commonwealth trade. Short‐term trends project a negative change in both exports and imports of Commonwealth countries.
Associations between Contraceptive Decision‐Making and Marital Contraceptive Communication and use in Rural Maharashtra, India
Authors: Nazarbegian Melody , Averbach Sarah , Johns Nicole E. , Ghule Mohan , Silverman Jay , Lundgren Rebecka , Battala Madhusudana , Begum Shahina , Raj Anita
Published: October 2022

Women's contraceptive decision‐making control is crucial for reproductive autonomy, but research largely relies on the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) measure which asks who is involved with decision‐making. In India, this typically assesses joint decision‐making or male engagement. Newer measures emphasize female agency. We examined three measures of contraceptive decision‐making, the DHS and two agency‐focused measures, to assess their associations with marital contraceptive communication and use in rural Maharashtra, India. We analyzed follow‐up survey data from women participating in the CHARM2 study (n = 1088), collected in June–December 2020. The survey included the DHS (measure 1), Reproductive Decision‐Making Agency (measure 2), and Contraceptive Final Decision‐Maker measures (measure 3). Only Measure 1 was significantly associated with contraceptive communication (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.75, 95 percent confidence interval [CI]: 1.69–4.49) and use (AOR: 1.73, 95 percent CI: 1.14–2.63). However, each measure was associated with different types of contraceptive use: Measure 1 with condom (adjusted relative risk ratio [aRRR]: 1.99, 95 percent CI: 1.12–3.51) and intrauterine device (IUD) (aRRR: 4.76, 95 percent CI: 1.80–12.59), Measure 2 with IUD (aRRR: 1.64, 95 percent CI: 1.04–2.60), and Measure 3 with pill (aRRR: 2.00, 95 percent CI: 1.14—3.52). Among married women in Maharashtra, India, male engagement in decision‐making may be a stronger predictor of contraceptive communication and use than women's agency, but agency may be predictive of types of contraceptives used.
Transfusion‐associated hyperkalemia in pediatric population: Analyses for risk factors and recommendations
Authors: Yamada Chisa , Edelson Maureen F. , Lee Angela C. , Saifee Nabiha H. , Dinov Ivo D.
Published: October 2022

Background

Transfusion‐associated hyperkalemia (TAH) is a potentially life‐threatening complication of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Previously, we reported features of RBC transfusions from 35 pediatric patients (TAH group) who had hyperkalemia with RBC transfusion in one‐year period at four facilities. In this study, we used multivariate analyses and artificial intelligence to compare the TAH group to newly collected control group (non‐TAH group) to identify factors associated with TAH occurrence.

Study Design

A review of RBC transfusion with TAH was compared to non‐TAH group who did not develop TAH with RBC transfusion at each facility during the same one‐year period. The non‐TAH group included 12 patients each in 5 age groups. Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests recursive feature elimination, least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator (LASSO), and other artificial intelligence techniques were employed to identify the most salient features associated with predicting specific clinical outcomes for TAH occurrence.

Results/Findings

Pre‐transfusion creatinine, comorbidities of kidney and/or liver dysfunctions, and total transfused volume within 12 h (tV‐12) per kg and per estimated total blood volume (eTBV) showed statistically significant differences between TAH and non‐TAH groups. Multivariate analysis revealed the biggest factor in TAH occurrence was tV‐12/kg followed by age of RBC units. The thresholds of risks were tV‐12/kg of 30 ml/kg, tV‐12/eTBV of 30%, and RBC unit age of 7.95 days.

Conclusions

The study findings suggest that the biggest factor on TAH occurrence is tV‐12/kg. More importantly, 30% of eTBV transfusion could cause TAH in patients with multiple comorbidities.
Gerenciamento do tempo entre estudantes de enfermagem
Authors: Ferreira Aydogdu Ana Luiza
Published: October 2022

Introdução: o tempo é um dos bens mais valiosos do ser humano, portanto, deve ser utilizado de forma adequada. É impossível ditar o quanto o tempo durará, mas é possível gerenciar o tempo. Para algumas profissões, como a enfermagem, o gerenciamento do tempo pode ser decisivo, pois, cuidar demanda competência, dedicação e tempo. Objetivo: analisar a literatura científica a respeito do gerenciamento do tempo entre estudantes de graduação em enfermagem. Método: revisão integrativa com base em referencial que estipula cinco etapas. Foram recuperados artigos de pesquisa primária através de buscas nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs, BDENF, Ibecs, PubMed, Scopus e Ulakbim a partir da questão norteadora: O que foi produzido na literatura científica a respeito do gerenciamento do tempo entre estudantes de enfermagem? Resultados: quinze artigos foram incluídos. Determinou-se que apesar de o gerenciamento do tempo ser fundamental para a enfermagem, o mesmo não é ensinado como deveria ser. Estudos identificaram que estudantes de enfermagem que gerenciam bem o tempo são mais motivados e menos ansiosos e estressados. O uso excessivo da Internet é prejudicial para o discente tanto pelo desperdício de tempo como devido ao surgimento de problemas sociais. Conclusão: ao utilizar corretamente o tempo os estudantes aumentam a qualidade de sua vida acadêmica e pessoal.
Mite fauna abundance and composition on apples in southern Brazil
Authors: Silva Darliane Evangelho , Nascimento Joseane Moreira Do , Pavan Aline Marjana , Corrêa Luiz Liberato Costa , Bizarro Gabriel Lima , Ferla Júlia Jantsch , Toldi Maicon , Johann Liana , Ferla Noeli Juarez
Published: October 2022

The production of apples (Malus domestica: Rosaceae) in Brazil is concentrated in three states in the southern region of the country. This crop is of great economic importance for the region, and is usually susceptible to infestations of mite populations. However, recent surveys of mite species associated to apples are scarce. The aim of the present study was to fill this void by analyzing species abundance and composition on three apple cultivars in the southern region of Brazil. The survey was carried out in the states of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Santa Catarina (SC), and Paraná (PR). A total of 94 apple orchards were evaluated (43 Gala, 40 Fuji and 11 Eva), in 19 municipalities. Twenty plants were sampled from each orchard in March 2019, with four leaves collected from each plant, thus totaling 80 leaves/orchard. Mites were screened and identified in the Laboratório de Acarologia of Universidade do Vale do Taquari - UNIVATES. Data were analyzed using the R software with mixed generalized linear models, non-metric multidimensional scaling, and PERMANOVA. A total of 4,909 mite specimens were identified, belonging to eight species and six genera, of which 1,833 were classified as phytophagous, 1,758 as predators, and 1,318 as generalists. The most abundant phytophagous species was Aculus schlechtendali (33.55%), followed by the predator Neoseiulus californicus (33.14%) and by the generalist Tarsonemus (Tarsonemus) sp. (23.99%). Abundance was similar between Eva and Fuji cultivars. However, these cultivars differed in composition, as did Eva and Gala. The mean number of mites found in Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul was similar, although Paraná had a higher number. Species composition also differed among the three states evaluated. Considering the importance of the apple production in the southern region of Brazil, studies on species composition and abundance are important, aiming to monitor potential damage-causing organisms to the crop and associated predators.
The kinase PLK1 promotes the development of
Kras
/
Tp53
-mutant lung adenocarcinoma through transcriptional activation of the receptor RET
Authors: Kong Yifan , Allison Derek B. , Zhang Qiongsi , He Daheng , Li Yuntong , Mao Fengyi , Li Chaohao , Li Zhiguo , Zhang Yanquan , Wang Jianlin , Wang Chi , Brainson Christine F. , Liu Xiaoqi
Published: October 2022

Increased abundance of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is observed in various tumor types, particularly in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Here, we found that PLK1 accelerated the progression of LUAD through a mechanism that was independent of its role in mediating mitotic cell division. Analysis of human tumor databases revealed that increased PLK1 abundance in LUAD correlated with mutations in KRAS and p53, with tumor stage, and with reduced survival in patients. In a mouse model of KRAS
G12D
-driven, p53-deficient LUAD, PLK1 overexpression increased tumor burden, decreased tumor cell differentiation, and reduced animal survival. PLK1 overexpression in cultured cells and mice indirectly increased the expression of the gene encoding the receptor tyrosine kinase RET by phosphorylating the transcription factor TTF-1. Signaling by RET and mutant KRAS in these tumors converged to activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Pharmacological inhibition of the MAPK pathway kinase MEK combined with inhibition of either RET or PLK1 markedly suppressed tumor growth. Our findings show that PLK1 can amplify MAPK signaling and reveal a potential target for stemming progression in lung cancers with high PLK1 abundance.
Pathogenic
Neisseria
Bind the Complement Protein CFHR5
via
Outer Membrane Porins
Authors: Yee Wearn-Xin , Tang Christoph M. , Lavender Hayley
Published: October 2022

Neisseria meningitidis
and
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
are important human pathogens that have evolved to bind the major negative regulator of the complement system, complement factor H (CFH). However, little is known about the interaction of pathogens with CFH-related proteins (CFHRs) which are structurally similar to CFH but lack the main complement regulatory domains found in CFH.
Rift Valley Fever Virus Infects the Posterior Segment of the Eye and Induces Inflammation in a Rat Model of Ocular Disease
Authors: Schwarz Madeline M. , Connors Kaleigh A. , Davoli Katherine A. , McMillen Cynthia M. , Albe Joseph R. , Hoehl Ryan M. , Demers Matthew J. , Ganaie Safder S. , Price David A. , Leung Daisy W. , Amarasinghe Gaya K. , McElroy Anita K. , Reed Douglas S. , Hartman Amy L.
Published: October 2022

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) infection leads to eye damage in humans in up to 10% of reported cases. Permanent blindness occurs in 50% of individuals with significant retinal scarring.
Draft Genome Sequence of Two Salmonella enterica Subspecies
enterica
Serovar Minnesota Strains Harboring
Mcr-
1.1 Gene Isolated from Chicken Meat in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mukhtar Lenah E. , Alhamed Ashwaq S. , Mujallad Mohammed I. , Alshdokhi Elaf A. , Alreshoodi Fahad M. , Al Rashidy Malfi S. , AlAkeel Saleh I. , Alajel Sulaiman M.
Published: October 2022

Salmonella
has been reported as a high-priority pathogen by the World Health Organization. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of 2
Salmonella enterica
serovar Minnesota strains isolated from chicken meat in Saudi Arabia (named SA49317 and SA49319) belonging to sequence type (ST) 548, revealing mobile colistin resistance (
mcr
)
-
1.1 gene for colistin resistance.
Draft Genome Sequence of an Aspergillus Strain Isolated from a Honey Bee Pupa
Authors: Hatmaker E. Anne , Miller Delaney L. , Newton Irene , Rokas Antonis
Published: October 2022

Insect-associated fungi play an important role in wild and agricultural communities. We present a draft genome sequence of an entomopathogenic strain from the fungal genus
Aspergillus
, isolated from a honey bee pupa.
Association between initiation of fluoroquinolones and hospital admission or emergency department visit for suicidality: population based cohort study
Authors: Wang Junyi , Gagne Joshua J , Kattinakere-Sreedhara Sushama , Fischer Michael A , Bykov Katsiaryna
Published: October 2022

Objective

To evaluate the association between initiation of fluoroquinolones and hospital admission or emergency department visit for suicidality.

Design

Population based cohort study.

Setting

IBM MarketScan database, USA.

Participants

2 756 268 adults (≥18 years) who initiated an oral fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin, ofloxacin, gatifloxacin, norfloxacin, lomefloxacin, besifloxacin) or comparator antibiotic (January 2003 to September 2015) and had at least six months of continuous health plan enrollment and a diagnosis of pneumonia or urinary tract infection (UTI) three days or less before the drug initiation date. Comparator antibiotics were azithromycin in the pneumonia cohort and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the UTI cohort. Participants were matched 1:1 within each cohort on a propensity score, calculated from a multivariable logistic regression model that included 57 baseline covariates.

Main outcomes measure

Primary outcome was hospital admission or emergency department visit for suicidal ideation or self-harm within 60 days after treatment initiation. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Results

The pneumonia cohort included 551 042 individuals, and the UTI cohort included 2 205 526 individuals. During the 60 day follow-up, 181 events were observed in the pneumonia cohort and 966 in the UTI cohort. The adjusted hazard ratios for fluoroquinolones were 1.01 (95% confidence interval 0.76 to 1.36) versus azithromycin in the pneumonia cohort and 1.03 (0.91 to 1.17) versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the UTI cohort. Results were consistent across sensitivity analyses and subgroups of sex, age, or history of mental illnesses.

Conclusion

Initiation of fluoroquinolones was not associated with a substantially increased risk of admission to hospital or emergency department visits for suicidality compared with azithromycin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
Probabilistic assessment of induced seismicity at the Alberta No. 1 geothermal project site
Authors: Yaghoubi Ali , Hickson Catherine J. , Leonenko Yuri , Dusseault Maurice B.
Published: October 2022

Alberta No. 1 (ABNo1) is a geothermal project targeting deep carbonate, conglomerates, and sandstone formations in a potential production and injection zone for geothermal energy exploitation within the Municipal District of Greenview south of Grande Prairie, Alberta, Canada. In geothermal systems without a steam fraction (typically systems under 170 °C), rapid widespread pore pressure changes and slow temperature changes have led to increased deviatoric stresses, resulting in induced seismicity. A concern for the ABNo1 Geothermal Project is that anthropogenic seismicity from oil, gas, and well field fluid injection has created felt events in Alberta. Thus, at the beginning of this type of project, it is prudent to review the potential for induced seismicity. In this study, a geomechanical study of the Leduc and Granite Wash Formations, two potential geothermal fluid exploitation zones, has been undertaken based on borehole geophysics and regional injection-induced earthquake data. Determining subsurface properties such as state of stress, pore pressure, and fault properties, however, poses uncertainties in the absence of actual data from the target formations. Geomechanical analysis results (with associated uncertainties) are used to assess the potential for injection-induced earthquakes. A Monte Carlo probability analysis is employed to estimate the likelihood of slippage of the known faults close to the ABNo1 Geothermal Project. A cumulative distribution function of the critical pore pressure on each fault is derived from the local tectonic stress state and Mohr–Coulomb shear parameter analyses. The resultant probabilistic fault stability maps can serve as a baseline for future fluid injection projects in the region including wastewater disposal, hydraulic fracture stimulation, CO2sequestration, as well as geothermal energy extraction.
Genetic Algorithm-Based Adaptive Wiener Gain for Speech Enhancement Using an Iterative Posterior NMF
Authors: Yechuri Sivaramakrishna , Vanabathina Sunny Dayal
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we propose a genetic algorithm-based adaptive Wiener gain for speech enhancement using an iterative posterior non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). In the recent past, NMF-based Wiener filtering methods were used to improve the performance of speech enhancement, which has shown that they provide better performance when compared with conventional NMF methods. But performance degrades in non-stationary noise environments. Template-based approaches are more robust and perform better in non-stationary noise environments compared to statistical model-based approaches but are dependent on a priori information. Combining the approaches avoids the drawbacks of both. To improve the performance further, speech and noise bases are adapted simultaneously in the NMF approach. The usage of Super-Gaussian constraints in iterative NMF still improves the performance in non-stationary noise. The silence frame is a challenging task in the case of NMF; still there will be some amount of noise present in those frames. For further enhancement, we have combined with a genetic algorithm (GA)-based adaptive Wiener filter which performs well in denoising and also the GA search the adaptive [Formula: see text] allows us to control the trade-off between fitting the observed spectrogram of mixed speech and noise achieving high likelihood under our prior model. The proposed method outperforms other benchmark algorithms in terms of the source to distortion ratio (SDR), short-time objective intelligibility (STOI), and perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ).
Crowdsourcing Truth Inference via Reliability-Driven Multi-View Graph Embedding
Authors: Wu Gongqing , Zhuo Xingrui , Bao Xianyu , Hu Xuegang , Hong Richang , Wu Xindong
Published: October 2022

Crowdsourcing truth inference aims to assign a correct answer to each task from candidate answers that are provided by crowdsourced workers. A common approach is to generate workers’ reliabilities to represent the quality of answers. Although crowdsourced triples can be converted into various crowdsourced relationships, the available related methods are not effective in capturing these relationships to alleviate the harm to inference that is caused by conflicting answers. In this research, we propose aReliability-drivenMulti-viewGraphEmbedding framework forTruthinference (TiReMGE), which explores multiple crowdsourced relationships by organically integrating worker reliabilities into a graph space that is constructed from crowdsourced triples. Specifically, to create an interactive environment, we propose a reliability-driven initialization criterion for initializing vectors of tasks and workers as interactive carriers of reliabilities. From the perspective of multiple crowdsourced relationships, a multi-view graph embedding framework is proposed for reliability information interaction on a task-worker graph, which encodes latent crowdsourced relationships into vectors of workers and tasks for reliability update and truth inference. A heritable reliability updating method based on the Lagrange multiplier method is proposed to obtain reliabilities that match the quality of workers for interaction by a novel constraint law. Our ultimate goal is to minimize the Euclidean distance between the encoded task vector and the answer that is provided by a worker with high reliability. Extensive experimental results on nine real-world datasets demonstrate that TiReMGE significantly outperforms the nine state-of-the-art baselines.
SPAP: Simultaneous Demand Prediction and Planning for Electric Vehicle Chargers in a New City
Authors: Wang Yizong , Zhao Dong , Ren Yajie , Zhang Desheng , Ma Huadong
Published: October 2022

For a new city that is committed to promoting Electric Vehicles (EVs), it is significant to plan the public charging infrastructure where charging demands are high. However, it is difficult to predict charging demands before the actual deployment of EV chargers for lack of operational data, resulting in a deadlock. A direct idea is to leverage the urban transfer learning paradigm to learn the knowledge from a source city, then exploit it to predict charging demands, and meanwhile determine locations and amounts of slow/fast chargers for charging stations in the target city. However, the demand prediction and charger planning depend on each other, and it is required to re-train the prediction model to eliminate the negative transfer between cities for each varied charger plan, leading to the unacceptable time complexity. To this end, we design an effective solution of
S
imultaneous Demand
P
rediction
A
nd
P
lanning (
SPAP
): discriminative features are extracted from multi-source data, and fed into an Attention-based Spatial-Temporal City Domain Adaptation Network (
AST-CDAN
) for cross-city demand prediction; a novel Transfer Iterative Optimization (
TIO
) algorithm is designed for charger planning by iteratively utilizing
AST-CDAN
and a charger plan fine-tuning algorithm. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets collected from three cities in China validate the effectiveness and efficiency of
SPAP
. Specially,
SPAP
improves at most 72.5% revenue compared with the real-world charger deployment.
STHAN: Transportation Demand Forecasting with Compound Spatio-Temporal Relationships
Authors: Ling Shuai , Yu Zhe , Cao Shaosheng , Zhang Haipeng , Hu Simon
Published: October 2022

Transportation demand forecasting is a critical precondition of optimal online transportation dispatch, which will greatly reduce drivers’ wasted mileage and customers’ waiting time, contributing to economic and environmental sustainability. Though various methods have been developed, the core spatio-temporal complexity remains challenging from three perspectives: (1) Compound spatial relationships. According to our empirical analysis, these relationships widely exist. Previous studies focus on capturing different spatial relationships using multi-homogeneous graphs. However, the information flow across various spatial relationships is not modeled explicitly. (2) Heterogeneity in spatial relationships. A region’s neighbors under the same spatial relationship may have different weights for this region. Meanwhile, different relationships may also weigh differently. (3) Synchronicity between compound spatial relationships and temporal relationships. Previous research considers synchronous influences from spatial and temporal relationships in a homogeneous fashion while compound spatial relationships are not captured for this synchronicity.

To address the aforementioned perspectives, we propose the
S
patio-
T
emporal
H
eterogeneous graph
A
ttention
N
etwork (STHAN), where the key intuition is capturing the compound spatial relationships via meta-paths explicitly. We first construct a spatio-temporal heterogeneous graph including multiple spatial relationships and temporal relationships and use meta-paths to depict compound spatial relationships. To capture the heterogeneity, we use hierarchical attention, which contains node level attention and meta-path level attention. The synchronicity between temporal relationships and spatial relationships, including compound ones, is modeled in meta-path-level attention. Our framework outperforms state-of-the-art models by reducing 6.58%, 4.57%, and 4.20% of WMAPE in experiments on three real-world datasets, respectively.
3D Structure Analysis for Understanding of Li Electrodeposition and Dissolution Mechanism
Authors: Nishikawa Kei , Shinoda Keisuke
Published: October 2022

Li metal was electrodeposited and electrochemically dissolved on an ultra-micro-electrode to model the transition of morphology and three-dimensional structure of a Li metal electrode during cycles. The first electrodeposition produced a uniform and dense column structure, but solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) remained on the electrode during the next electrochemical dissolution. The accumulation of the SEI residue obstructs the uniform electrodeposition of Li metal in the following cycles and increases resistance, accelerating the degradation of the electrode and causing the isolated Li metal to form the “dead lithium.”
Review—Current Mirror Analysis and Design in CNTFET and CMOS Technology Including Noise Effects
Authors: Marani R. , Gelao G. , Perri A. G.
Published: October 2022

In this paper at first we review a procedure that, through the design of a basic current mirror, allows a comparison between CNTFET and MOS technology. For every simulation parameters of merit, such as relative error in reference current replication and small-signal output resistance, are evaluated in order to show the differences between the two considered technologies. Then the analysis is carried out considering also the effects of noise. For reference current of 1 μA and 10 μA the output static and dynamic characteristics are better in the case of CNTFET, but for all cases the output noise current is always higher for the CNTFET than for the MOS. The software used is Advanced Design System (ADS) which is compatible with the Verilog A programming language.