bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Autoplay untuk Menunjang Kurikulum Merdeka di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Anam Syariful , Septiliana Lilla
Published: August 2023

Kurikulum memegang peran yang paling penting dalam pelaksanaan program pendidikan. Jika kurikulum dirancang dengan kurang tepat, siswa akan kesulitan mencapai tujuan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan tuntutan zaman. Dari problem tersebut, penting bagi kurikulum untuk bersifat dinamis dan dapat beradaptasi sesuai dengan perkembangan teknologi dan zaman. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi dan gambaran yang jelas tentang pembelajaran berbasis mandiri dengan menggunakan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK), salah satunya melalui penggunaan media pembelajaran autoplay di sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui penelitian kepustakaan. Dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran autoplay, guru dapat memperoleh wawasan mengenai bagaimana yang akan diajarkan dan metode untuk mengajarkan kepada siswa agar mencapai tujuan pembelajaran mandiri yang diinginkan. Proses media pembelajaran autoplay ini menekankan pembelajaran yang berarti dan menarik bagi siswa, serta membantu guru dalam mengembangkan kompetensi dalam konteks pembelajaran mandiri, seperti kompetensi digital yang berkualitas tinggi dalam informasi, komunikasi, pembuatan konten editorial, keamanan, dan penyelesaian masalah pendidikan.
Konsep Etika Antara Guru dan Murid dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Etis Religius Manajemen Pendidikan Islam Telaah atas Pemikiran Al-Zarnuji dan KH. Hasyim Asy’ari
Authors: Pranata Fringgi , Sukarno Sukarno , Anwar Kasful
Published: August 2023

Dalam hemat penulis, al-Zarnuji dan Hasyim Asy’ari mencurahkan gagasannya mengenai konsep etika guru dan murid sama-sama melandasi ajaran dengan penekanan religious ethics, yakni penekanan proses pencarian ilmu senantiasa mengacu pada etika dan senantiasa memperhatikan asas kemanfaatan yang dapat dihasilkan apabila etika guru dan murid dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik dan benar. Dalam kajian ini, penulis mengelaborasi pemikiran kedua tokoh di atas untuk mengetahui sejauh mana etika guru dan murid. Begitu pula bagaimana pengaruhnya terhadap pola Pendidikan kekinian, jika konsep tersebut diaplikasikan. Metode yang penulis gunakan dalam kajian ini adalah Jenis penelitian library research. Peneliti menggunakan data-data kualitatif berupa kepustakaan di antaranya adalah data mengenai pendekatan etis religius dalam Pendidikan Islam berbasis perspektif al-Zarnuji dalam kitab Ata’lim wal Muta’alim dan Hasyim Asy’ari Adabu al’alim wal muta’allim sebagai objek penelitian.
Menumbuhkan Keaktifan Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Akidah Akhlak Melalui Model Simulasi Berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Jannah Misbahul , Cahyadi Ani
Published: August 2023

Mayoritas guru menggunakan metode yang monoton dan tradisional seperti metode ceramah dan penugasan mengerjakan LKS, sangat jarang dijumpai seorang guru yang sedang mengajar pembelajaran Aqidah Akhlak dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran yang bervariatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  peran guru dalam menumbuhkan keaktifan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran akidah akhlak melalui model simulasi berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah wawancara dan observasi. Yaitu wawancara dengan guru mata pelajaran akidah akhlak dan mengobservasi proses pembelajaran. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pertama pada bagian penggunaan model simulasi pada mata pelajaran akidah akhlak Madrasah Ibtidaiyah guru menggunakan model pembelajaran yang beravriatif, tidak hanya menggunakan model ceramah dan tanya jawab saja.. Mengenai langkah-langkah dalam penggunaan model simulasi itu ada dua tahapan yaitu tahap persiapan dan tahap pelaksanaan. Kedua pada bagian keaktifan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran akidah akhlak di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah sudah terkondisikan, dan yang ketiga yaitu tentang peran guru dalam menumbuhkan keaktifan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran akidah akhlak  melalui model simulasi itu ada 4 peran yang dilakukan guru diantaranya adalah menjelaskan, mewasiti, melatih dan mendiskusikan.
Pengembangan Aplikasi BIS (Belajar Infaq dan Sedekah) Berbasis Thunkable untuk Menumbuhkan Kesadaran Menunaikan Sedekah dan Infaq pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Alghifa Muhammad Dzar , Meidi Siti Nur Hayati , Aeni Ani Nur , Nasution Zulfan Kamal
Published: August 2023

Islam mengajarkan kepada umatnya untuk memiliki jiwa dermawan dengan tujuan untuk mengingat karunia Allah dari berbagai nikmat yang diberikan-Nya. Sedekah disunnahkan bagi orang-orang yang memiliki kelebihan harta. Untuk menerapkan hal itu, dilakukanlah berbagai macam proses untuk penanaman karakteristik sejak dini. Edukasi melalui aplikasi pembelajaran android merupakan salah satu langkah yang tepat mengingat perkembangan zaman dan teknologi yang semakin pesat dan mudah diakses oleh segala kalangaan termasuk anak-anak. Sehingga kami mengembangkan aplikasi BIS (Belajar Infaq dan Sedekah) berbasis thunkable untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran menunaikan sedekah dan infaq pada siswa SD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyadarkan pentingnya penanaman pengetahuan sedekah dan infaq diusia dini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Design and Development (D&D) dengan melakukan wawancara kepada salah satu guru dan peserta didik kelas 6 di SD Sukamaju. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara. Maka hasil yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini adalah yang pertama mengetahui desain menarik yang diguanakan dalam aplikasi BIS sebagai media edukasi, kedua mengetahui bahan-bahan edukasi yang menarik, ketiga mengetahui bagaimana penilaian ahli mengenai aplikasi BIS untuk pembelajaran PAI di SD.
Challenges in Accessing and Utilizing Information in Digital Resource Platforms by Academic Staff in Selected Public Universities in Kenya.
Authors: Tenya A N , Maina J , Awuor F
Published: August 2023

Digital resource platforms have gained significant recognition as valuable tools for education and research within universities. These platforms enable easy access, sharing and dissemination of information, leveraging the advancements in information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Nonetheless, users of these platforms face challenges in effectively accessing and utilizing these information resources due to complexities in navigation. This issue arises from a mismatch between user expectations and the design of information platforms, which hinders seamless access and utilization of information. This may adversely affect teaching and research output that are core mandates of universities. The purpose of the study was to explore challenges that academic staff experience in accessing and utilizing information in digital resource platforms in the selected public universities in Kenya. The study was based on a pragmatic paradigm where it adopted a mixed method approach. This enabled the research to collect both quantitative and qualitative data that complemented each other in collecting accurate and reliable data. Purposive and census sampling techniques were used to draw respondents from the targeted population. The sample size was 113 respondents comprising 86 academic staff, four university librarians and 23 library staff in charge of digital content. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences was used to analyze quantitative data while thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in form of tables, charts and verbatim reports. The findings showed that academic staff had inadequate digital literacy skills and slow in adopting technology that resulted in ineffective access and under-utilization of e-content. Major challenges faced by academic staff were limited range of digital resource platforms, unattractive visual design, inadequate digital literacy skills and technological dynamism. The study recommended for increased digital resource platforms to facilitate wider access, development of appealing visual design and continuous digital literacy training among users.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICES FOR COMMON LIFESTYLE DISEASES AMONG COMMERCIAL PROFESSIONAL DRIVERS: A CROSSECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Akhtar Khan Shoeb , Kiran Naagar Jagrati , Jain Anil , Mishra Nitu , Saad Talha , Singh Puja , Mishra Satyendra , Ilyas Mohammad
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Commercial professional drivers are at risk of developing various metabolic diseases as they are exposed to various risk factors due to the nature of their work. The study highlighted the knowledge, attitude, and practices towards various lifestyle diseases and their risk factors in the Sagar district of Central India. A crossectional study was conducted Method: among 496 drivers. A face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire was conducted and translated into the local language to make it easier for study participants to understand. It contained 4 parts: socio-demographic, general knowledge, attitude towards the risk factors, and practice towards risk factors. The data was entered into SPSS. The multivariate and univariate logistic regression analyses were computed to identify associated factors. Odds ratios and their corresponding 95% condence intervals were determined. 189 considered hypertension as the Results: main disease and 121(24.39%) as diabetes as a fatal disease occurring due to smoking and tobacco chewing. Approximately half of the respondents smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day. About 56.45% believe blood pressure checkups should be done every six months. About 217(43.75%) of the participants are in favor of reducing the chance of diabetes through medication. Moreover, 401(80.84%) were ready to quit smoking and alcohol consumption. Only 71(14.31%) of the participants monitor BP regularly. A higher proportion of the respondents 310(62.5%) had reduced sugar intake and only 183(36.89%) got their blood sugar checked regularly. Conclusion: Periodic training/orientation programs for all drivers for adherence with appropriate knowledge, attitude, and practice toward decreasing cardiovascular risk factors should be conducted.
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE, SEVERITY OF DEPRESSION AND ADHERENCE IN TYPE2 DIABETIC PATIENTS VISITING TERTIARY CARE.A HOSPITAL-BASED STUDY.
Authors: ud din Dar Nizam , Majid Gania Abdul , Mohi ud din Bhat Aijaz , Majeed Himayun , A Mir Feroze
Published: August 2023

Depression is more common in people with type 2 diabetes than in the genera Background and Objective: l population.
Metabolic consequences of diabetes can dent nerves and vasculature, impairing brain functioning and subsequently
causing depression. Depression and diabetes could affect the treatment and outcomes of both disorders simultaneously. The objective of the study
was to assess the sociodemographic prole, the severity of depression, and adherence among type 2 diabetic patients.Poor adherence to treatment
at large affects the course and prognosis of the disease This study is a Materials and Methods: hospital-based, cross-sectional study that was
done from November 2021 to May 2022 with permission from the ethical; committee. The study was conducted among 95 Type2 diabetic
patients who were on treatment in tertiary care centers. All of them fullled the inclusion criteria. Assessment of depression was done by PHQ-9
and CRS scales were used for this study. In our study majority of our participants a Results: mong 95 type 2 diabetic patients the majority
belonging to the age group of 41-60 were married, males from urban backgrounds, and unemployed having primary education. The majority had
an HBA1C level of>6.5% and a lower adherence rate. Depression is common among diabet Conclusion: ic patients. The analysis revealed that
depression among type 2 diabetic patients needs to be evaluated at an early stage with an emphasis on compliance or adherence to treatment
protocols. Therefore, a multi-specialty approach and specic interventions address this comorbid depression in this specic group.
ETHICS AND PROFESSIONALISM IN UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL CURRICULUM
Authors: A Gazala , Garg Nita , Afzal Tahir , Samiullah Samiullah
Published: August 2023

Aim: To establish the role of ethics and Professionalism in the curriculum of Undergraduate Medical students. Study
Design: A classroom study was conducted on 156 MBBS 1st year students. A questionnaire comprising of 15 questions
was given to the students related to virtues like ethic 4 questions and Professionalism 11 questions, the answers were analyzed and their
percentages were calculated. Results were tabulated and represented graphically. The need for teaching ethics and Professionalism Conclusion:
has a reciprocal relationship in the formation of professional identity and professionalism acts as an essential part of its curricula throughout the
entire course of medical education.
“CASE REPORT- COMPLETE HYDATIFORM MOLE IN A 47 YEAR OLD WOMAN”
Authors: Merchant Uditi , Desai Ashwini , Raje Shweta
Published: August 2023

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) represents a spectrum of lesions characterised by an abnormal proliferation of trophoblast, including complete hydatidiform mole, partial hydatidiform mole, invasive hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumour, epithelioid trophoblastic tumour, placental site nodule and plaque, and exaggerated placental site reaction.[1] Complete mole is characterised by gross hydropic villous swelling with some degree of circumferential and haphazard trophoblast proliferation microscopically.[2] The incidence of pregnancy in perimenopausal women is extremely low. Most pregnancies that occur will end in spontaneous abortion. In the remaining pregnancies the incidence of GTD is greatly increased.[3] Benign gestational trophoblastic diseases generally occur in younger women of reproductive age and is extremely rare in peri and post menopausal women. Only isolated cases of hydatidiform mole in elderly women have been reported in the literature[3,4]. We report on a patient aged 47 years with a complete hydatidiform mole to emphasise that this diagnosis should still be considered at an older age.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF ER, PR & HER 2/ NEU RECEPTOR STATUS IN RELATION TO PROGNOSTIC OUTCOME OF BREAST CARCINOMA PATIENTS.
Authors: Merchant Ishan , Merchant Uditi , Chamania Shobha
Published: August 2023

The study was done retrospectively on 50 patients of breast cancer to establish association between ER, PR status,
HER2/neu overexpression, clinical features and tumour histopathology, and to effectively use these parameters to
prognosticate and treat breast cancer patients. We found that ER, PR combined is a good prognostic indicator for carcinoma breast while
HER2/neu cannot be used individually for prognosticating the outcome in women with carcinoma breast. But when HER2/neu is combined with
ER and PR, we found worst outcome in women having triple negative (ER -, PR -, HER2/neu -) status and best outcome is seen in women with
triple positive (ER +, PR +, HER2/neu +) status.
TO STUDY THE OUTCOMES OF SURGERY IN EARLY VS. LATE CASES OF CHRONIC TUBERCULOUS CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS
Authors: Srivastava Ayush , Kansal Akshit , Verma Ankit , Joshi Yashika , Dwivedi Sanskruti
Published: August 2023

The study was performed to study the outcomes of surgery in early vs late cases of chronic constrictive pericarditis of
tuberculous origin. A retrospective analysis was undertaken in 30 patients out of which 18 were female and 12 were male
with mean age of 30±18.2 years who underwent pericardiectomy for chronic constrictive pericarditis from November 2022 to May 2023. The
patients were preoperatively optimised with dopamine (5mcg/hr) and furosemide(2mg/hr) 12 hours prior to the surgery to prevent low cardiac
output syndrome in patients undergoing pericardiectomy via subxiphoid approach uniport Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery [1]. The tissue
excised was sent for histopathological studies for the conrmation of the diagnosis. In our study, the mortality rate was 13% (4 patients). The
cause of death in 2 patients within 48 hours of post operative period was severe low cardiac output syndrome. 2 patients died after 2 months of post
operative period due to disseminated tuberculosis and its complications. Median stay in Intensive Care Unit was 3±2 days. Most patients were
discharged early. Advanced age, late presentation, severe low cardiac output and immunocompromised status were poor predictors of survival
according to univariate analysis. Early and radical intervention in form of total pericardiectomy via subxiphoid uniport video assisted
thoracoscopic surgery is advocated in early as well as late cases to prevent mortality and morbidity. Early Surgical intervention along with
aggressive anti tubercular therapy against tuberculosis is essential to prevent its dissemination and complications [3].
ANATOMICAL CONCEPT OF KATIKATARUNA MARMA & ITS APPLIED ASPECT.
Authors: Priyanka Priyanka , Sharma Sachin
Published: August 2023

Marma is one of the unique part and concept of Ayurveda that has been discussed in all the classical texts and deeply
elaborated by Acharya Sushruta in 6th chapter of Sharir Sthana. It can be explained as sandhisthanam or jeevasthanam.
Marma are meeting place of ve elements of the body - Mamsa, Sira, Snayu, Asthi and Sandhi. Marma are the vital areas avoided during surgical
procedures due to its fatality. In vedas Instructions in the battle eld to protect marmas and techniques of attacking marma places to inactivate the
apponent. Acharya susruta described 107 marma and classied them in different ways. Katikataruna marma is one of the prushthagata marma
located on either side of the vertebral column where each component of the shroni khandam joins to form the katikataruna marma. This marma is
located on sciatic notch with dimension of half anguli and they are 2 in number. It is very well said that injury to spinal cord or its supporting
structure can cause permanent change in its strength, sensation and other body functions. The knowledge of marma is one such concept used all
over the world for prevention and cure of diseases since centuries. It holds its own prime importance in shalyatantra. This paper gives knowledge
about anatomical location, structural entity and clinical importance of Katikataruna Marma.
MANAGEMENT OF PALATOGINGIVAL GROOVE WITH A COMBINED ENDODONTIC PERIODONTAL LESION IN THE MAXILLARY RIGHT LATERAL INCISOR: A CASE REPORT WITH A TWO-YEAR FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Yadav Seema , Faraz Farrukh , Kumar Rega
Published: August 2023

Palatogingival groove (PGG) is a developmental defect results from an alteration in the growth of the inner enamel epithelium and the hertwig's root sheath. The most frequently affected teeth by this malformation are maxillary lateral incisors. PGG may predisposes either to necrosis of pulp or to periodontal pocket and bone loss, or can cause a combined endodontic periodontal lesion. This case report presents the successful management of PGG with a combined lesion in the maxillary right lateral incisor. A 26-year-old male patient came with a chief complaint of small swelling in relation to the upper front teeth region. Clinical examination revealed buccal intraoral swelling with palatal gingival inammation and a deep periodontal pocket with respect to tooth #12. The tooth was non responsive to pulp sensibility test. The periapical radiograph showed a para-pulpal line with pear-shaped periapical radiolucency, suggestive of PGG. The case represented pulpal necrosis with asymptomatic periapical periodontitis along with localized periodontitis with PGG. The management included endodontic treatment followed by surgical periodontal therapy with groove sealing using glass ionomer cement. On a two-year follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic, and healing of the periapical lesion was apparent on the periapical radiograph.
“A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSES WITH ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE VS LARYNGEAL MASK AIRWAY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING GENERAL ANAESTHESIA”
Authors: G Kannan , Khadiri S Suzana , Kulasekhar Ashok
Published: August 2023

The ability to regulate airways is critical for the clinical anaesthesiologist. It is an essential component of general
anaesthesia, providing for breathing and oxygenation as well as anaesthetic gas distribution. In terms of both anatomical
location and degree of invasiveness, laryngeal mask airways (LMA) have gained popularity in airway management as a missing link between
facemask and tracheal tube. The anaesthesiologist values hemodynamic stability for the benet of the patients, particularly during intubations
and laryngeal mask placement. Because of the intensive stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, laryngoscopy and endotracheal
intubation can produce dramatic alterations in hemodynamics. The purpose of this study was to compare the hemodynamic changes that occurred
during endotracheal intubation versus laryngeal mask airway placement. The objecti Objectives: ve of the study is to compare the hemodynamic
responses with endotracheal tube verses laryngeal mask airway in patients undergoing general anaesthesia. In terms of demographic Results:
data, the two groups were equivalent since there were no signicant variations in age, gender, duration of operation, ASA grades, or MPC
categorization. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) are all greater
in the ETT group than in the LMA group, which is statistically signicant. Conclusion: This study indicated a haemodynamic response
consisting of an increase in heart rate, SBP, DBP, and MAP with both ETT and LMA. The reaction induced by ETT insertion on the other hand, is
substantially higher than that caused by LMA insertion.
COMPLICATIONS DURING THE THERAPEUTIC PLASMA EXCHANGE
Authors: Bharti Jyoti , Chandra Tulika , Solanki Archana , Singh Ashutosh , Himanshu Reddy D. , Agrawal Mallika
Published: August 2023

Therapeutic apheresis is the treatment of diseases through removal or extracorporeal manipulation of blood components
or specic blood substances. In this we were observe the complications during the procedure with respect to patient's
demographic proles and procedural variations in one-year. In our study total 60 cases and total 150 TPE cycles were performed the mean age of
total patients was 31.95±11.66. Female dominance was observed [78(52%)] over males [72(48%)]. Overall, 56(71.79%) females were observed
without complications however 22(28.21%) were observed with complications. Maximum pulse rate was observed during the procedure
(97.05±8.30), maximum systolic blood pressure(SBP) was observed at pre-procedure (121.43±17.28), maximum diastolic blood pressure(DBP)
was also observed at pre-procedure (85.93±7.06), maximum reaspiratory rate(RR) was reported during the procedure (25.40±12.87) and
maximum oxygen saturation(SPO2) was reported before start the procedure (98.64±2.42). Maximum mean variation of pulse was observed
itching (38±20), followed by hypothermia (28.50±12.60). Maximum mean variation of SBP was observed for itching (15±5), followed by
tingling sensation over all body (10±00). Maximum mean variation of DBP was observed for nausea (5±5). Maximum mean variation of RR was
observed itching (8.50±4.50). Maximum mean variation of SPO2 was observed for tingling sensation over all the body (2±00). Complication
during the procedure primarily in females with a correlation with BMI. With respect to procedural variation, the most common complication was
itching followed by a tingling sensation over all the body in correlation with Pulse Rate, Systolic BP, Diastolic BP, Respiratory Rate, and SPO₂.
All the complications were mild and manageable.
AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE OF ILI AND SARI IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, JORHAT
Authors: Phukon Pinkee , Gogoi Barbi , Kumari Dutta Sima , Barua Purnima
Published: August 2023

Background: Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and Inuenza like illness (ILI) causes substantial mortality and
morbidity world-wide. This study aims to characterize the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of SARI and ILI
cases among the patients attending JMCH. SARI and ILI surveillance was c Methods: onducted from 2019 to 2022. Retrospective analysis of
case-based surveillance data pertaining to all reported SARI and ILI cases was performed. Out of 365 ILI and SARI cases, 72 cases were Results:
identied for ILI and 293 cases for SARI. 13 samples (3.56%) tested positive for inuenza by RT-PCR, of which 10 samples were positive for
inuenza A H1N1 and three samples for inuenza A H3N2. The highest rate of Inuenza A H1N1 was found in the age group of 16 to 25 years
(40%; n=4). Similarly, inuenza A H3N2 was shown to be positively equivalent in individuals aged 5 to 15, 6 to 15, and 56 to 65 (33.33%; n=1).
Among the tested samples, the majority were male (58.72%, n=218,) as compared to female (40.27%, n=147). Symptoms of fever (98.63%;
n=289) and sore throat (97.22%; n=70) was more prevalent among the SARI and ILI cases respectively. Continued and extended Conclusion:
monitoring of SARI and ILI cases is in need to fully assess the burden of u disease, dene risk groups and establish better control measures.
OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF SJOGREN'S SYNDROME: A CASE SERIES
Authors: Arora Charu , Sharma Anshu , Dubey Priyanka , Bishnoi Marisha
Published: August 2023

Purpose: Sjogren's syndrome is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder of exocrine glands distinguished by
lymphocytic inltration mainly involving lacrimal and salivary glands which ultimately leads to keratoconjunctivitis
sicca and xerostomia. We are hereby presenting a case series of the same from Ophthalmological point of view. A detailed slit lamp Method:
examination was done. Schirmer's test 1 and tear lm breakup time readings were recoded for all patients. Punctate epithelial erosions Results:
were noted on slit lamp examination in few patients. Tear lm breakup time and Schirmer's test 1 values were found reduced. On investigation
SSA/Ro titres was increased and ANA was positive. Ophthalmologists m Conclusion: ay be the rst to diagnose an underlying systemic disorder
that presents with dry eye thus Improving quality of life of patients and saving from vision threatening complications.
A CASE REPORT OF MECONIUM ILEUS WITH INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION.
Authors: Alam Choudhury Khurshed , Gupta Manish , Jain Vishal , Midha Abha
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Meconium Ileus is the obstruction of the terminal ileum by abnormally tenacious meconium. Postnatal
clinical signs such as abdominal distension, failure to pass meconium and eventual bilious vomiting, usually evolve
within 24-48 hours. Can also be diagnosed antenatally on maternal ultrasound scan of the abdomen. To report a case of meconium ileus Objective:
presenting as acute intestinal obstruction. A late preterm (36 weeks), appropria Clinical Case: te for gestational age (AGA) (2500 grams), female
child, delivered via emergency caesarean section, who presented at 8 hours of life with respiratory distress and further developed abdominal
distension with failure to pass meconium since birth. A hyperosmolar contrast Conclusion: enema is both diagnostic & therapeutic
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN TRABECULECTOMY WITH MITOMYCIN C TO TRABECULECTOMY WITH OLOGEN IMPLANT
Authors: Ranjan Sneha , Mohan Shalini , Khan Perwez , N. Kushawaha R. , Shrikant Shrikant
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The longitudinal, Prospective study was done to compare the outcome, risks and benets of trabeculectomy
augmented Mitomycin C compared to Trabeculectomy with Ologen implant. Two groups Methods: were studied, Group
1- Patients who underwent trabeculectomy augmented with Mitomycin C Group 2- patients who underwent trabeculectomy with Ologen implant.
A total of 40 study subjects were included who underwent visual acuity assessment, measurement of IOP, Slit lamp examination, and Visual eld
assessment. Both the groups showed improvement in UCVA and BCVA(p<0.05) but there was no Results- signicant difference between them
(p>0.05). Both the group showed signicant reduction in IOP (p<0.05) but there was no signicant difference between them (p>0.05). There was
signicant difference in bleb related complications between the two groups (p< 0.05). Bleb morphology was better and the bleb related
complications were less in Group 2 (Ologen group) as compared to Group 1 ( Mitomycin Group). Trabeculectomy with Ologen Conclusionimplant is better alternative and demonstrates equal efcacy in terms of IOP reduction with lesser Bleb related complications and less requirement
of secondary procedures.
The protective role of Ageratum conyzoides (Billy goat weed) in cyclophosphamide induced haematological damage and cytogenotoxicity
Authors: Mobolaji A.A , Barde T , Oyelowo-Abdulraheem F.O , Usende I. L.
Published: August 2023

Medical plants are now explored as alternative for treatment and prevention of various disease conditions. Ageratum conyzoides (A. conyzoides) is a common plant with long traditional medicinal use history. This study investigated the hypothesis that A. conyzoides protects against haematological damage and cytogenotoxicity induced by acute exposure to cyclophosphamide. A total of twenty (24) adult male Wistar rats weighing 208.50±28.3 g was randomly divided into four groups of six animals each. Group 1 served as control group and received 0.5 ml of Tween-20 orally and sterile injection water intraperitoneally on days 1 and 4. Group 2 received 0.5ml of Tween-20 orally and 40 mg/kg body weight of cyclophosphamide intraperitoneally on days 1 and 4. Group 3 received 500 mg/kg body weight of A. conyzoides extract orally and sterile injection water intraperitoneally on days 1 and 4. Group 4 received 500 mg/kg body weight of A. conyzoides extract orally and 40 mg/kg body weight of cyclophosphamide intraperitoneally on days 1 and 4. Oral treatment was daily and lasted for 7 days. Whole blood was collected for complete blood count and assessment of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio, Monocytes-to-Lymphocytes ratio (MLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) as biomarkers of systemic inflammation and immunosuppression; and bone marrow smear were analyzed for micronucleated normochromated and polychromated erythrocytes (MNNCE and MNPCE), and PCE/NCE ratio was scored as index of cytotoxicity following exposure to cycophosphamide and the protective role of A. conyzoides. Our results showed cyclophosphamide caused significant reduction in WBC, platelet, RBC, Hb and PCV values. Also, cyclophosphamide induced significant increased abnormal RBC morphophenotypes, including irregular, teardrop, macrocytes, helmet, fragmented, sickle, burr and target cells, with consequent increase in frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic and micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes. Interestingly, treatment with A. conyzoides produced a significant amelioration of these cyclophosphamide-mediated effects. The mechanisms by which A. conyzoides ameliorated these toxic effects of cyclophosphamide remain to be fully investigated.
Evaluation of Antibody Titre in Dogs Vaccinated against Canine Parvovirus in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogbu K.I. , Abdullahi M.A. , Momoh-Abdullateef H. , Chukwudi I.C. , Bata I.S. , Ezema K.U. , Salami A.C. , Sabo J.A. , Aiyedun P.O. , Emennaa C.I. , Ihenatuoha A.U. , Tion M.T. , Malgwi R.I. , Okonkwo R.A
Published: August 2023

Canine parvoviral enteritis is a highly contagious disease with fatal outcomes, in most cases populations with high morbidity and mortality rate. The study was conducted to determine the immune status of dogs vaccinated against Canine Parvovirus (CPV) using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sixty randomly selected dogs were used for the study, out of which four had no level of determined antibody titre (1-2 S – unit), fifty six had protective immunity (3-6 S-unit) which comprised 24 (40%) males and 36(60%) females. Among the males, 23(95.83%) were protective while 33(91.67%) among the females were protective. A total of 17 dogs were puppies and all had protective immunity (3-6 S-unit) while 43 were adults out of which 39 (90.70%) had protective immunity (3-6 S-unit). A total of 30 dogs were sampled from each local government area out of which 28(93.33%) had protective immunity (3-6 S unit) in each local government. The breeds included in the study were Caucasian, Mongrel, Rottweiler, Lhasa, Bull mastiff and German Shepard out of which all had protective immunity 56(93.33%) (3-6 S-unit) except 4(6.67%) for Caucasian that were unprotected. Based on the number of primary vaccinations, 3 dogs had single, 4 dogs had double and 52 dogs had triple primary vaccination out of which 56 dogs had protective antibody titre (3-6 S-unit). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between sex, age, location, breeds and level of immunity while there was a significant difference (P< 0.05) between the number of primary vaccination and immune titre of the dogs sampled
Evaluation of Antibacterial Effects of Combretum dolichopetalum Methanol Leaf Extract on some Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Ikpendu C. N, , Udeh N. E. , Egwu L. U. , Orji E. , Obasi C.C. , Okite N. , Nsisong S. E.
Published: August 2023

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a threat to global public health and a challenge in treating infectious diseases. This has resulted in a shift of research attention to natural substances such as medicinal plants that could be a source of developing novel drugs. Combretum dolichopetalum has been reported to have antidiarrhoeal effects in rats. In this study, the antibacterial potential of different concentrations of methanolic extract of Combretum dolichopetalum was evaluated against seven pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella gallinarum, Aeromonas hydrophilia, Pasteurella multocida, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Shigella dysenteriae) at different concentrations using the agar well diffusion method. Antibiogram of these organisms were also carried out by the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Zones of inhibition were calculated as means ± SEM. Result showed that the plant extract had significant concentration dependent antibacterial activity compared to distilled water and some known drugs (P<0.05). All concentrations showed activity against all bacteria, unlike the drugs, which had selective activity, with concentration of 400 mg/ml, showing the highest activity. Tested bacteria exhibited a high level of resistance to synthetic drugs ranging from 48% to 100%. Multi-drug resistance was also observed. S. gallinarum, B. cereus and E. coli exhibited 100% resistance to all test antibiotics. All organisms showed 100% resistance to Ampicillin-Clavulanic acid and Ceftriaxone. Results from this study show that C. dolichopetalum possesses antimicrobial activity as it inhibited growth of all test bacteria.
Prevalence of Parasites Infestation in Cultured and Wild African Catfish in Zaria Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Dauda J , Abdulsalam H , Bello A.M , Audu Y , Wakawa A.M , Bolorunduro P.I
Published: August 2023

The study aimed to investigate the occurrence of gastrointestinal (GIT) parasites in wild and cultured catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in Zaria and its Environs, Nigeria. Two hundred and forty (240) African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) of both sexes were sampled from cultured ponds and some water bodies around Zaria (including Galma dam, river Kubanni, River Saye). The fish were transported to the Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria and used for the study. The catfish were dissected longitudinally and examine for parasites (GIT) grossly, and using Simple flotation technique for parasite eggs and oocysts of helminths and protozoans. Modified Ziehl Neelson staining technique was further performed on oocysts suspected to be Cryptosporidium. The result showed an overall occurrence of 32.5% for GIT parasites in Clarias gariepinus in the study area. The GIT parasites identified in both wild and cultured Clarias gariepinus were Procamallanus laevionchus (46.7%), Capillaria species (13.3%), and some unknown helminths (40.0%). There was a highly significant difference (p = 0.001) in the occurrence of Crytosporidium oocysts in wild Clarias gariepinus (86.2%) compared with cultured Clarias gariepinus (13.8%). Based on the sex; there was an observably higher occurrence of GIT parasites in male catfish (17.1%) than in female (15.4%), although not statistically significant (p = 0.645). The finding of this work revealed that gastrointestinal parasites are prevalent in the Clarias species sampled in Zaria and its Environs. It is hereby recommended that effective control measures and good culinary practices should be adopted to decimate the effect of these parasites in fish, especially those raised in culture ponds to improve productivity.
Haematolocal Effects of Subacute Toxicity of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Datura Metel Linn. and its Amelioration of Dimethoate Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Saleh A. , Fatihu M.Y. , Muhammed N. , Sani N. A. , Abalaka S.E. , Ibrahim N.D.G.
Published: August 2023

Datura metel is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant, belonging to the family Solanaceae with major bioactive components such as tropane alkaloids. Several animals were reported to have manifested toxicity signs including circulatory and respiratory failure, resulting in death after consumption of the plant. The present study sought to unravel the haematological effects of D. metel leaves as well as its ameliorative potential to dimethoate toxicity. Twenty-five clinically healthy adult Wistar rats with a Mean weight of 208 ± 23 g were randomly divided into 5 groups of 5 rats each. Group I (control) received soya bean oil at 2 mg/kg while groups II, III, IV, and V received 500 mg/kg ethanol leaf extract of Datura metel (ELEDM), 30 mg/kg of dimethoate (DT), DT+ELEDM, and DT+AP, respectively, for 4 weeks. The median lethal dose (LD ) of the ELEDM 50 and DT were found to be 3950 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg, respectively. Generally, ELEDM and DT individually induced significant (P<0.05) alterations in the measured parameters mostly in the 3rd and 4th week. The mixture of DT+ELEDM achieved a considerable ameliorative effect. Therefore, the administration of ELEDM acted as a powerful cholinergic antagonist against the effects of toxicity induced by DT in Wistar rats. This may be useful, especially in areas where animals are prompt to DT toxicity and individuals who are occupationally exposed daily to low doses of such insecticides with poor accessibility to the antidote.
Haematological Changes Following Intramuscular and Per- Rectal Diclofenac Sodium Administration in Dogs undergoing Orchiectomy
Authors: Yusuf Z.B. , Zaifada A. U. , Laku D. , Haruna A. A.
Published: August 2023

A total of 30 Nigerian indigenous male dogs aged 1-2 years (1.65±0.47) and 11-15kg (13.4±1.27) body weight were used for the study. They were randomly allocated into 6 groups of 5 dogs each. Groups A1, B1 and C1 for intramuscular at 2mg/kg, 3mg/kg and 4mg/kg respectively and Groups A2, B2 and C2 for per-rectal at 2mg//kg, 3mg/kg and 4mg/kg. Haematological values of Packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), Red blood cell (RBC), White blood cell (WBC) and Differential leucocyte counts (DLC) of Lymphocyte (LYM), Neutrophils (NEU), Monocyte (MON) and Eosinophils (EOS) were determined. Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software Version 22.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago. Illinois). General Linear Model (GLM) using repeated measures Analysis of Variance (RM-ANOVA), to compare the mean of different groups at a 95% confidence interval and a 5% level of significance was used. The PCV, Hb and Rbc values of the dogs castrated were within normal range when compared with specie corresponding values. The PCV value was lowest 38.6±1.9 at 2nd hour 2mg/kg for per rectum and highest of 44.1±1.9 at the 9th hour for per rectum at 4mg/kg dose. The Hb value was lowest at 12.9±0.5 at 1st hour for per rectum at 4mg/kg dose and the highest of 15.3±0.8 at 0 hour for intramuscular at 2mg/kg. The Rbc value was lowest at 4.0±1.5 at 4th hour, 2mg/kg for per rectum and the highest of 6.6±0.3 at 7th hour, 2mg/kg. The Total leucocyte count (TLC) values of WBC and DLC also recorded significant differences. There was significant difference (P<0.05) between routes but values remain within normal range of values. This finding shows that the use of Diclofenac as a short term analgesic caused no significant changes on the haematocrit values of dogs when used after castration. This finding has also indicated that short-term use of diclofenac through the per rectum route may be safe and had no deleterious effect on haematological value of Nigerian indigenous male dogs
Biosecurity and Economic Impact of Major Diseases of Livestock Among Rural Farmers in Plateau State, Nigeria: A Pilot Study.
Authors: Rayyanu U. A. , Olabode M. P. , Haliru H , Logyang L. E. , Bwala D. , Bolajoko M. B.
Published: August 2023

To maintain excellent production on a farm, biosecurity is critical. Smallholder livestock producers and their animal health management practices are often perceived to increase the risk for disease incursion and spread within farms. This pilot study is aimed at assessing rural farmers’ practices and knowledge of preventive and biosecurity measures against major diseases of livestock and determining the socioeconomic impact of these diseases in these communities within Nigeria. This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey in five Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Plateau State, Nigeria. 3 major communities that rear poultry, small and large ruminants within these 5 LGAs were identified as the Berom, Tarok, and Fulani communities; from where 50 farmers were randomly selected from the list of willing farmers to participate in the present study. The farmers identified Contagious Bovine Pleuron Pneumonia and Foot and Mouth Disease as the major disease of cattle while Peste des Petits Ruminants as the major disease of small ruminants and New Castle Disease for poultry. Contagious Bovine Pleuron Pneumonia, Foot and Mouth Disease, Peste des Petits Ruminants, and New Castle Disease are the diseases identified by respondents as the most economically important disease in cattle, small ruminants, and poultry respectively. 30% of the farmers do nothing in case of a Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia outbreak while 60% protect their animals through medication or isolation in case of Foot and Mouth Disease. 26% of the farmers sell out their animals in the Peste des Petits Ruminants outbreak while 50% of the respondents do nothing in case of a New Castle Disease outbreak. It is recommended that a robust and sustained awareness of the economic importance of livestock diseases, and a campaign on how to prevent, control, and institute effective biosecurity measures against the diseases are carried out in Plateau State farming communities and beyond.
Students' Attitudes Toward the Clinical Learning Environment and Clinical Supervision in Nursing College at the University of Mosul
Authors: Mukhlif Hanaa Hussein
Published: August 2023

Background: Clinical training is a part of nursing education and it is the way to prepare nursing students to  become responsible for providing high quality of care as nursing care professionals.     
Objectives: Assessing students' attitudes toward the clinical learning environment and clinical supervision. Also, identifying if student class and the patient’s number in the wards had an effect on attitudes.   
Methodology: A descriptive study design  and choose a random sample consisted of (200) students from Nursing College at Mosul University. The present study was conducted from the 1st  March of 2022 to the 1st   of March 2023. The questionnaire comprises first section which contains demographic characteristics. The second section include (12) questions for a clinical environment, In addition, the third section was (12) questions for clinical supervision.                                                                                
Results: Students had negative attitudes toward clinical supervision and the clinical learning environment (42%, 36.5%) respectively.  The current study found a significant relationship between students' attitudes and the role of the clinical supervisor at a P-value equal to or less than 0.05.        
Conclusion:Nursing students had mixed attitudes, with negative attitudes about clinical supervision and positive attitudes about the clinical learning environment. In addition, determining the class of students and the number of patients in hospital wards had an impact on students' attitudes
Effect of patient education on Number of Re-Hospitalizations in Patient with Chronic Heart Failure Disease
Authors: Khanjary Mohammed , Varaei Shokoh
Published: August 2023

Background: Heart failure is a global health issue that affects approximately 26 million individuals worldwide. The majority of individuals with heart failure live with a significant symptom burden, comorbidities, and impairment; up to 88% of persons with heart failure experience breathlessness at repose.     
Objectives: determination the Effect of patients education on number of re-hospitalizations in Patients With chronic Heart Failure disease.    
Methodology: A randomized control trail (RCT) was conducted in Holy Karbala City in Iraq. A purposive sample of heart failure patients in clinic and out clinic. Then based of Block Random Assignment, the patients were divided into two groups, the control group consist of (35) patients and intervention group consist of (35) patients, the patients in study group exposed to the health education about heart failure self-management . Data were collected by using demographic questionnaire included age, gender, marital status, level of education, duration of heart disease, side of heart failure, Occupation Status, and  number of  hepatizations during last three month. A descriptive and inferential data statistical technique was used to analyze the data.                                                                                
Results: The results of study showed a significant decreasing number of hospitalization Among patients in intervention group comparing with those in a control group at a p-value less than 0.01.        
Conclusion: Implementation of Patient education can decrease in number of re-hospitalizations of patients with chronic heart failure
Double Gastric and Duodenal Perforations at The Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes in One Case
Authors: G Sogoba, , S Sangare, , I Traore, L. , S Diakite, A. , M Magassa, , D Katile, , L Goita, , M Kouyate,
Published: August 2023

We report the observation of a patient presenting with acute generalized peritonitis. Emergency surgery found a double perforation, one on the stomach and the other on the duodenum. We performed a suture revival of the perforations plus a gastro-entero-anastomosis, then washed and drained the cavity. We discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic features of this rare condition.
Surgical Approach of Substernal Goiter
Authors: Ghebouli K. , Manaa I. , Larkem H. , Belbekri M. , Kecir M-A
Published: August 2023

Substernal goiters are quite common; their diagnosis is mainly based on the CT scan which must be performed systematically in case of suspicion of intrathoracic extension of the goiter. The diagnosis of thoracic goiter requires surgical excision, most often by cervicotomy, more rarely by sternotomy. The arguments in favor of this surgical treatment are twofold: on the one hand the inevitable evolution towards phenomena compression; on the other hand, the risk of malignant transformation.