bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Glasgow Coma Scale Score on 28-Day Mortality in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Multi-center Retrospective Study Based on the eICU Collaborative Research Database
Authors: Xiu Guanghui , Wei Qimei , Sang Shuping , Wang Qipeng , Cai Fei , Liu Ping , Ling Bing , Li Xiuling
Published: December 2023

Objectives To determine the effect of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score on 28-day mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Methods ARDS patients were enrolled from the eICU-CRD and stratified into survival and death groups based on 28-day survival.The primary predictor was the GCS score, which incorporates component scores for eyes, verbal, and motor responses, and a severity score (mild: 13-15, moderate: 9-12, severe: 3-8). A binary logistic regression model was developed using a random allocation of 2/3 patients as the modelling group and the remaining 1/3 as the internal validation group, and our model was externally validated using data from the Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University.
Results A total of 10,371 patients met the eligibility criteria, with a 28-day mortality rate of 27.4%. Our risk prediction model incorporated 12 variables, and the AUC for discrimination in the modeling, internal validation and external validation groups was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.79-0.82), 0.80 (95% CI, 0.78-0.81) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.71-0.88), respectively, indicating favorable discrimination and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow P=0.466).
Conclusions Our study revealed that the individual components of the GCS (verbal, eyes, motor) and the severity score (mild, moderate, severe) demonstrated comparable predictive effects to the total GCS score.
Nivolumab as Second-Line Therapy Improves Survival in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Sanai Faisal M. , Odah Hassan O. , Alshammari Kanan , Alzanbaqi Adnan , Alsubhi Murooj , Tamim Hani , Alolayan Ashwaq , Alshehri Ahmed , Alqahtani Saleh A.
Published: December 2023

Background
Limited data exists for the efficacy and outcomes of nivolumab as a second-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in patients with uHCC who experienced disease progression during sorafenib treatment.
Methods
In this retrospective, observational, multicenter study, adult Child-Turcotte-Pugh A/7B patients with uHCC who tolerated sorafenib therapy but showed disease progression switched to second-line intravenous nivolumab (n = 42). A similar number of consecutive, unselected patients who were maintained on sorafenib therapy, regardless of tumoral response or progression, served as historical controls (n = 38). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS, defined as the time from starting sorafenib in either group up to death due to any cause) and analyzed by intention-to-treat.
Results
The mean age of the overall cohort was 72.4 ± 10.1 years, of whom 87.5% were males, and 58.8% had underlying viral etiology. Patients in the two cohorts were similar, except those who received nivolumab had more co-morbidities (70.0% vs. 15.4%), ECOG-2 status (21.4% vs. 15.8%), BCLC stage C (81.0% vs. 47.4%), and extravascular invasion (54.4% vs. 21.8%) (P < 0.05 for all). More patients in the nivolumab arm were Child-Turcotte-Pugh B (35.7% vs. 21.1%, P = 0.15). Median OS was 22.2 months (95% CI: 8.9–49.8) in second-line nivolumab and 11.0 months (95% CI: 3.6–18.4) in sorafenib alone (HR 1.93; 95% CI: 1.1–3.3, P = 0.014). Median OS after starting nivolumab was 10.2 months, and time-to-progression was 4.9 months (95% CI: 3.2–6.3).
Conclusion
Nivolumab is an effective second-line treatment option in patients with uHCC who progress on sorafenib, with significantly improved OS. These early real-life data offer encouraging results, similar to those shown in Phase I/IIa clinical trials. Further investigations are warranted for the use of nivolumab as a monotherapy.
Inflammation in Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament of Cervical spine:Monocytes increased significantly
Authors: Wu Hao , Wang Longqing , Ye Cheng , Chen Qing , Xie Dong , Zhao Qi , Shi Mingliang , Niu Baocheng , Yang Lili
Published: December 2023

Objective: To investigate the expression of inflammatory cells in patients with Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament of the Cervical spine (COPLL), and to explore the relationship between inflammation and COPLL.
Methods: The study included 215 patients with OPLL and 184 control patients without COPLL. For the case-control analysis, 147 patients with COPLL and 147 demographically matched control patients without COPLL were included through PSM. The Leukocyte count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, hs-CRP, EMR, and NLR were assessed. Furthermore, the relationship between the inflammatory cells and the extent of COPLL was analyzed.The data were also compared between the patients with different types of COPLL.
Results: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the COPLL group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The hs-CRP in the continuous types ofCOPLL group was significantly higher than that in other subtypes. No correlation was found between any of the biomarkers and the extent of ossification.
Conclusion: Compared with patients with simple cervical spondylosis, mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood of patients with cervical posterior longitudinal ligament ossification are significantly higher, suggesting that patients with cervical posterior longitudinal ligament ossification may be accompanied by a special inflammatory response.
Fe3O4@Chitosan@ZIF-8@RVG29, an Anti-Glioma Nanoplatform Guided By Fixed and Activated By Alternating Magnetic Field
Authors: Savari Mohammad-Nabil
Published: December 2023

There is considerable interest in developing anti-Glioma Nanoplatforms. They make the all-in-one combination of therapies possible. Here we show how the selective Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell killing of the here-established nanoplatforms increased after each coating and how the here-established vibration-inducing Alternating magnetic field (AMF) decreased the treatment time from 72 hours to 30 seconds. Thanks to their magnetite core, these nanoplatforms can be guided to the tumor's specific site by a Fixed magnetic field, they bypass the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) and accumulate at the tumor site thanks to the RVG29 bonding to the G-protein on the ion-gated channel receptor known as the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAchR), which expresses on BBB cells and overexpresses on GBM cells, and thanks to the positive charge gained by both chitosan and RVG29's peptide. Both ZIF-8 and its mediate adherence, Chitosan increases the drug loading capacity that stimuli response to the tumor's acidic environment. The Zn2+ ions generated from ZIF-8 sustained degradation in such an environment kill the GBM cells. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) evaluated these nanoplatform's size under 250nm indicating their compatibility with brain applications. Based on their elements' intrinsic properties, these nanoplatforms can enhance and combine other adjuvant therapies.
Education Loss After Natural Disasters and the Potential Exacerbation Through Reconstruction
Authors: Lv Lei
Published: December 2023

Natural disasters pose substantial risks to human capital and economic development, a threat further exacerbated by the escalating impacts of climate change. To deepen our understanding of how natural disasters can impact education, I conducted an analysis of the effect of the 2006 Yogyakarta Earthquake on total years of education and the likelihood of completing various educational levels. This was achieved through a difference-in-difference strategy, leveraging variations in earthquake damage across birth cohorts and geographic locations at the subdistrict level while accounting for individual migration history. Among boys, the results reveal a reduction of 1.2–2.6 years in education, translating to a 10–20% decrease in the sample average. The probability of an individual completing senior high school decreases by 6 to 10 percentage points, accounting for a 6.5–10% reduction in the sample average. No significant effect is observed among girls. Examination of employment and occupational changes before and after the earthquake suggests that boys may have left school for work and actively participated in reconstruction efforts following the earthquake due to higher-paid work opportunities. This dynamic potentially explains the observed reduction in their educational attainments. An analysis of economic activities in affected communities revealed a short-term growth spurt, as indicated by changes in nighttime light patterns before and after the earthquake at the community level. This growth, however, appeared to be temporary. While short-lived opportunities for employment in reconstruction efforts may generate immediate economic benefits, they also carry the potential risk of causing lasting human capital loss.
JEL: Q54, I25, J24, N35, H84
Assessing soil organic carbon and its relation with biophysical and ecological parameters in Tropical Reserve Forest Ecosystem, India
Authors: Kumar Pavan , Sajjad Haroon , Srivast Prashant Kumar , Kumari Preeti , Dobriyal Manmohan
Published: December 2023

Organic matter in soil is an essential parameter for assessing the various agrodynamic properties of soils. The paper makes an attempt to assess the level of soil organic carbon (SOC) and analyze its relationship with biophysical parameters in Sariska Tiger Reserve (STR), India. SOC was predicted from normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) pixel values of Sentinel 2A data. Two ecological parameters namely NDVI and bare soil index (BSI) and one biophysical parameter namely soil pH were executed to determine their relationship with SOC. A total of 30 samples were collected through stratified random sampling. Regression analysis was performed between estimated and predicted SOC. Findings of this study can effectually be utilized for conservation and management of Sariska Tiger Reserve. The methodology will retrofit better policy implementation for maintaining the health of forest species in STR and can be applied on other Reserve forest of socio-ecological significance.
Engineering of a photosynthetic diazotroph as biofertilizer for efficient nitrogen fixation powered by sunlight
Authors: Zeng Yan , Wang Mengmei , Yu Yunkai , Wang Lida , Cui Lingwei , Li Chang , Liu Ying , Zheng Yanning
Published: December 2023

Background
Photosynthetic diazotrophs expressing iron-only (Fe-only) nitrogenase can be developed into a promising biofertilizer, as it can accomplish the energy-intensive process of nitrogen fixation by light energy and is independent on the molybdenum availability in the soil. However, the expression of Fe-only nitrogenase in diazotrophs is repressed by the fixed nitrogen of the soil, limiting the efficiency of nitrogen fixation in farmland with low ammonium concentrations that are inadequate for sustainable crop growth.
Results
We succeeded in constitutively expressing the Fe-only nitrogenase even in the presence of ammonium by controlling the transcription of Fe-only nitrogenase gene cluster (anfHDGK) with the transcriptional activator of Mo nitrogenase (NifA*) in several different ways, indicating that the engineered NifA* strains can be used as promising chassis cells for efficient expression of different types of nitrogenases. When applied as a biofertilizer, the engineered Rhodopseudomonas palustris effectively stimulated rice growth, contributing to the reduced use of chemical fertilizer and the development of sustainable agriculture.
Conclusion
We developed the engineered R. palustris strains that constitutively express Fe-only nitrogenase in the presence of ammonium for the first time. These R. palustris strains driven by sunlight can be used as efficient nitrogen biofertilizers.
Periodic-chaotic alternating regimes during a fast solar metric-radio pulsation event
Authors: Mendez Adolfo L. , Ventura Angel
Published: December 2023

In the magnetically dominated corona, loop-like structures are expected to undergo pulsating events which are highly structured in time and classified into different types from strictly periodic to irregular. In the case of periodic pulsations, they differ in their characteristic period: from tens of minutes (associated with global large-scale structure oscillations) to milliseconds (fast oscillations associated with a small local scale). These pulsations are strongly related to the basic physical properties of the solar corona and the evolution of magnetic loop-like structures that make up the entire solar atmosphere. This contribution describes a real-world scenario where a route to chaos and reverse processes take place. We examine the dynamic characteristics of a group of a train of pulsations at metric waveband solar radio emission as it evolves in time. The associated time series was recorded with the radio polarimeter of the INAF Trieste Astronomical Observatory, Basovizza Station on April 17, 2002, with a resolution time of 10 ms. Possible scenarios and mechanisms for the observed deterministic-chaos alternating regimes are discussed.
Meningitis Screening in Young Infants Based on a Novel, Non- Invasive, Transfontanellar Ultrasound Device: a Proof-of- Concept Study
Authors: Ajanovic Sara , Jobst Beatrice , Jiménez Javier , Quesada Rita , Santos Fabiao , Lopez-Azorín Manuela , Valverde Eva , Ybarra Marta , Bravo M. Carmen , Petrone Paula , Sial Hassan , Muñoz David , Agut Thais , Salas Barbara , Carreras Nuria , Alarcón Ana , Iriondo Martín , Luaces Carles , Ibáñez Alberto , Parrilla Montserrat , Elvira Luis , Calvo Cristina , Pellicer Adelina , Cabañas Fernando , Bassat Quique
Published: December 2023

Background
Meningitis is a potentially life-threatening disease if not promptly diagnosed and treated. Clinical presentation is often unspecific, especially among young infants and newborns, justifying the need to perform lumbar punctures (LP) to obtain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for a laboratory-based confirmation. In high-income settings, LPs are often part of the protocolized systematic approach to screen for meningitis. Given its relatively low incidence, most are not confirmatory. The aim of this study was to validate a novel transfontanellar ultrasound-based technique to screen for meningitis, designed to non-invasively identify ranges of white blood cells (WBC) in CSF, to be used on patients with criteria for a LP.
Methods
We prospectively recruited patients under one year of age, with suspected meningitis, a permeable fontanelle and a LP performed within 24h before enrolment, from three Spanish University Hospitals (2021–2023). Images showing the backscatter pattern from CSF were obtained using a customized high-resolution (HR) ultrasonic probe. A deep-learning model (DL) was trained to classify CSF patterns according to WBC values obtained through the LP, setting a 30 cells/mm3 threshold to differentiate controls from cases.
Results
We obtained a set of 781 HR CSF images from 16 targeted and recruited patients. In parallel, 17 LPs were performed, confirming 6 meningitis cases (one patient had a second LP to verify response to treatment) which were paired to 445 CSF frames, and 10 controls, with 336 CSF images. After training the DL model, the device showed a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 90% at patients' level, with one control misclassified.
Conclusion
This proof-of-concept study confirmed that our device, based on ultrasound and DL, could potentially be used as an automated screening method to modulate indications to perform LPs.
Curtobacterium salicis name sp. nov., isolated from willow tree stems in Washington state
Authors: Freeman John , Firrincieli Andrea , Baker Douglas , Doty Sharon
Published: December 2023

Curtobacterium sp. strain WW7 is a Gram-positive, non-motile, orange rod-shaped bacterium isolated from branches of wild willow (Salix sitchensis) trees on nitrogen-free media. The WW7 strain shows growth in the temperature range between 4 and 30°C, a pH range of 6–7.7, and tolerates up to 5.5% (w/v) of NaCl. The genome sequencing of strain WW7 revealed a genome size of approximately 3.8 Mbp and a G + C content of 71.3 mol%. The phylogenomic analyses support the WW7 affiliation to a novel Curtobacterium lineage, with C. herbarum being the closest type-strain. Chemotaxonomic analysis indicates that WW7 capacity to assimilate carbohydrates was similar to the type strains, i.e. C. luteum, C. albidum, and C. flaccumfaciens, while no assimilation of the organic acids succinate, alpha-Ketobutyrate, mono methyl-succinate, and lactate was observed. Finally, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis identifies anteiso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0 major cellular fatty acids (FAs) which is a common feature for members of the Curtobacterium genus. Based on the results of phylogenomic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain WW7 represents a novel Curtobacterium lineage, for which the name Curtobacterium salicis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WW7PP(DSM 34805PP - NRRL B-68078PP).
Keto-anthraquinone covalent organic framework for H2O2 photosynthesis with oxygen and alkaline water
Authors: Zhang Lizhi , Zhang Xiangcheng , Cheng Silian , chen Chao , Wen Xue , Miao Jie , zhou Baoxue , Long Mingce
Published: December 2023

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) photosynthesis is an attractive carbon-neutral process for decentralized applications, but suffers from insufficient activity of catalysts due to the high energy barrier of hydrogen extraction from H2O without sacrificial reagent. Herein, we report that mechanochemically synthesized keto-form anthraquinone covalent organic framework (Kf-AQ) is able to directly synthesize H2O2 with molecular oxygen and alkaline water (pH = 13) in the absence of any sacrificial reagents, with a superior production rate of 4784 µmol h− 1 g− 1 under visible light irradiation (λ > 400 nm) and an impressive apparent quantum yield (AQY) of 15.8% at 400 nm. Characterization results revealed that the strong alkalinity resulted in the formation of OH−(H2O)n clusters in water, which were first adsorbed on keto moieties of Kf-AQ and then more easily dissociated into molecular oxygen and active hydrogen with the injection of photoelectrons, because the energy barrier of hydrogen extraction from OH−(H2O)n was largely lowered by weakening the H-bonded networks of H2O molecules owing to the excessive electrons in OH−. The produced active hydrogen quickly diffused to react with anthraquinone to generate anthrahydroquinone, which was subsequently oxidized by molecular oxygen to selectively produce H2O2. This study provides a novel efficient H2O2 photosynthesis material, and also sheds light on the importance of hydrogen extraction from H2O for photocatalytic H2O2 synthesis.
Investigation of Thallium as a Contaminant in Dietary Supplements Marketed for Weight Loss and Physical Fitness
Authors: Tessele Igor , Molin Thaís R. Dal , Dognini Jocinei , Noremberg Simone , Carvalho Leandro M.
Published: December 2023

Dietary supplements are drastically growing as a category of consumer products all over the world. The abuse of supplements marketed for slimming purposes and physical fitness has been observed worldwide in recent years, which raises concerns in terms of public health. In this study, different types of dietary supplements marketed and delivered through the e-commerce were studied for the determination of thallium as a hazardous inorganic contaminant. The total content of thallium was determined by a sensitive voltammetric method after a microwave-assisted oxidative digestion of the sample. In addition, a comparative spectrometric method was applied for validation of the results in the samples. The maximum concentration found for thallium was found to be 2.89 mg kg−1, which well agree with the comparative measurement. Considering the 32 studied formulations, it can be pointed out that ~ 24% of the of dietary supplements presented Tl concentrations at concentrations higher than 1 mg kg−1. The results permitted the assessment of the health risk related to thallium from contaminated samples, based on the calculation of the estimated daily intake (EDI) and the risk quotient (HQ). The highest daily intake of thallium was calculated as 82.0 µg day−1 in a protein-based supplement, which is equivalent to an EDI of 1.17 µg kg−1 day−1. This work highlights the need to develop regulations on the limits of toxic elements as thallium in widely consumed dietary supplements, as well as an in-depth look at the adverse effects caused by this element in the human body.
Knowledge and attitude of Ethiopian Parents about Paediatric Pain
Authors: Desalegn Mitiku , Shitemaw Tewoderos , Kassie Genanaw , Lemma Lire
Published: December 2023

Background
Despite the fact that mothers care for their children's pain in most cases, it has been noted that mothers have limited knowledge and attitude about pediatric pain. A significant proportion of parents hold an erroneous attitude toward postoperative pain medications out of fear of side effects. This study aims to assess parental knowledge and attitude about postoperative pediatric pain and pain medications.
Method
This is institutional based cross sectional study conducted on 82 parents at NEMMCSH. A convenience sampling technique was used to select parents. This study has used a validated questioner (PPEM and MAQs). Descriptive statistics were utilized to analyse parent’s response and presented with frequency and percentage. Logistic regression analysis was done to determine the socio demographic variables predicting parental knowledge and attitude. The statistical tests were performed at 95% CI, 5% significance level.
Result
Only 21.7% of parents have good knowledge about pain, and 17.3% of parents have a good attitude about pain medication. About 78% of parents agreed that children always express pain by crying or whining. The majority of parents (75.6%) believe children who are playing are not in pain. Regarding to parental attitude about pain medications, majority of parents (61%) believe that children should be given pain medication as little as possible because of its side effects. Nearly 26.8% of parents consider that if children are given pain medication and 63.4% of parents respond that pain medication works best when it is given as little as possible. Most parents (73%) support the idea that pain medication should be given when the pain is quite bad. After multivariable analysis no variables are found to have association.
Conclusion
The overall knowledge and attitude of parents about postoperative pain and pain medication were poor. This misconception could affect effective pediatric pain management.
Study on Child Malnutrition using Data Visualization
Authors: kiran Chimpiri Sai , Maragatham S
Published: December 2023

Malnutrition in childhood is still a major global health issue that has a big impact on kids' growth and well being. This study thoroughly examines the physiological indicators of childhood malnutrition, such as stunting, wasting, underweight, and overweight, in children under five years of age. A severe sign of malnutrition, stunting is defined by insufficient height for age and has long-lasting effects on both physical and cognitive development Conversely, wasting is a serious problem in youngsters since it indicates dangerously low weight for height and is frequently linked to rapid weight loss. Children who are underweight may be wasted, stunted, or have had inadequate energy intake over a prolonged period of time.The research makes use of large datasets to look at the distribution and prevalence of these malnutrition indicators in different nations and areas. Bar charts and choropleth maps, among other visualizations, offer valuable information about the top nations with respect to the prevalence of stunting, underweight, wasting, and overweight children. In addition, the study project presents a novel method to determine the top countries with the greatest average prevalence of kid malnutrition by integrating these four variables, thereby illuminating the total burden of childhood malnutrition. The study's conclusions deepen our understanding of the worldwide context of childhood malnutrition and highlight the necessity of focused interventions and legislative changes to address this pressing problem. The study also emphasizes how crucial it is to keep an eye on these metrics in order to evaluate advancements and guide evidence-based plans targeted at enhancing the health and nutritional condition of children everywhere.
Life Orientation and Career Adaptability among Young Adults: Mediation Effect of Promotional and Preventive Regulatory Focus
Authors: Paszkowska-Rogacz Anna
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the presented study was to investigate the relationship between career adaptability and developmental tasks among young adults with regard to life orientation. Additionally, the study aimed to determine whether self-regulation acts as a mediator in the relationship between life orientation and career adaptability. A total of 435 young adults, aged 18 to 34 years, were included in the study. The research utilized the Social Participation Questionnaire, the Self-Regulation Scale, and the Polish version of the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale-5. Mediation analysis revealed that the promotion regulatory focus served as a mediator in the relationship between life orientation and all five categories of career adaptability in the transitive orientation dependence model.
An Individually Delivered Mindfulness Based Intervention Protocol: Efficacy in Panic Disorder
Authors: Bhattacharya Suvosree , Nag Mouma , Roy Prasanta Kumar , Mukhopadhyay Pritha
Published: December 2023

Aims/Objectives
Mindfulness based interventions (MBIs) are group based intervention programs applied on a variety of Psychological conditions such as anxiety disorders, mood disorders, substance use and eating disorders. However, there is hardly any literature on MBI following an individually tailored protocol. The present study tries to see the effectiveness of an individually tailored MBI protocol on patients with Panic disorder
Methods
15 participants were enrolled with the primary diagnosis of Panic Disorder for the study. The participants completed an individually tailored MBI program spanning over 12 weeks approximately. They were evaluated at 4 time points using Hamilton Anxiety Rating scale (HAM-A), Beck depression Inventory (BDI) and Panic Severity Scale (PSS) from baseline to follow up. Further, seven of them were interviewed after 6 months of completion of MBI to understand the mechanism of change that MBI brought in them.
Result
A Mixed method analysis was undertaken. Trend Analysis revealed a significant linear decrease of symptoms (p< 0.01) across the different time points for all the three measures. A between group repeated measure ANOVA revealed a significant difference between the time points of intervention (p<0.01). The semi structured interview was analyzed using a Framework approach and revealed that the participants could overcome their habits of rumination and handle their distress in a better way. They also accepted that the individually conducted MBI was beneficial for them.
Conclusion:This study revealed that the individually tailored MBI was effective for patients with Panic Disorder. Such a program could help those participants who are not ready to join a group based program and clinicians who can implement MBI on a daily basis in their clinical setting.
Unveiling the Issues: Feminist Legal Theory's Critique on Rape Formulation in Indonesia
Authors: Al Ma'shumiyyah Maryamul Chumairo'
Published: December 2023

The crime of rape remains a crucial issue in Indonesia. The formulation of the rape offence regulated in Article 285 of the Criminal Code has several weaknesses. It is considered no longer in line with current legal developments, leading to suboptimal handling of rape cases. This research further analyzes the problematic formulation of the crime of rape in various laws and regulations, especially in the Criminal Code, and the reformulation and redefinition of rape in the new Criminal Code using the Feminist Legal Theory approach. This is a doctrinal study utilizing a literature review. The results indicate that the formulation in Article 285 of the Criminal Code has weaknesses, including issues related to the scope of rape, the conventional interpretation of intercourse, and limitation to a specific gender. Rape is closely linked to gender relations' inequality, placing female rape victims at risk of victimization from various parties. Therefore, it is essential to shape laws with a gender perspective.Tindak pidana perkosaan masih menjadi permasalahan krusial di Indonesia. Formulasi delik perkosaan yang diatur dalam Pasal 285 KUHP memiliki sejumlah kelemahan dan dianggap tidak lagi sesuai dengan perkembangan hukum, sehingga penanganan kasus perkosaan tidak optimal. Penelitian ini mengkaji lebih lanjut mengenai problematika formulasi tindak pidana perkosaan dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan, khususnya dalam KUHP, serta reformulasi dan redefinisi perkosaan dalam pembahasan KUHP baru dengan menggunakan pendekatan Feminist Legal Theory. Penelitian ini bersifat doktrinal dan menggunakan studi pustaka. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa formulasi dalam Pasal 285 KUHP memiliki kelemahan, seperti ruang lingkup perkosaan, pemaknaan konvensional tentang persetubuhan, dan keterbatasan pada satu gender tertentu. Perkosaan terkait erat dengan ketidaksetaraan dalam relasi gender, yang membuat perempuan korban perkosaan rentan terhadap viktimisasi dari berbagai pihak. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk membentuk hukum yang berperspektif gender.
The Concept of Legal Intensity: Harmonizing God’s Rule within Constitutional Law
Authors: Arlis Arlis
Published: December 2023

The study aims to discover the idea of legal intensity in the context of the harmonization of God's rule into Constitutional Law. The method used is qualitative. The results showed that the idea of legal intensity in the context of harmonising God's rule into Constitutional Law is necessary. The harmonization is in line with the theory of the purpose of the law for the benefit of servants in the world and the hereafter. Constitutional law during the Prophet Muhammad SAW is the best example. The legal intensity regulates how to achieve a better life, specifically constitutionality. When the country's laws are of superior quality, then Allah Swt will prosper the country. The provisions in Article 29 Paragraph 1 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of 1945 state that the state based on the One True God in substance contains the principle of tawhid by God's rules. Students' views on harmonising God's rule into Indonesian Constitutional Law generally agree with the idea of legal intensity. The idea of legal intensity among them has universal criteria: the path of God Almighty's rule, sincerity, gratitude, bound by promises to God, with God, fitrah, quality of law, scientific responsibility, Adat basandi syara' syara' basandi kitabullah syara' mangato adat mamakai. Students agreed because the idea of legal intensity was very good and influential in realizing the state's goals.Penelitian bertujuan untuk menemukan gagasan intensitas hukum dalam konteks harmonisasi aturan Tuhan ke dalam Hukum Tata Negara. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gagasan intensitas hukum dalam konteks harmonisasi aturan Tuhan ke dalam Hukum Tata Negara sangat diperlukan. Harmonisasi tersebut sejalan dengan teori tujuan hukum untuk kesejahteraan hamba di dunia dan akhirat. Hukum tata negara pada masa Rasulullah SAW merupakan contoh terbaik. Intensitas hukum mengatur cara mencapai kehidupan yang lebih baik, khususnya tentang konstitusionalitas. Ketika hukum negara berkualitas unggul, maka Allah Swt akan memberkahi negara tersebut. Ketentuan dalam Pasal 29 Ayat 1 Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 menyebutkan bahwa negara berdasarkan Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa secara substansi mengandung prinsip tauhid oleh aturan Tuhan. Pandangan mahasiswa tentang harmonisasi aturan Tuhan ke dalam Hukum Tata Negara Indonesia umumnya setuju dengan gagasan intensitas hukum. Gagasan intensitas hukum di antara mereka memiliki kriteria universal: jalur aturan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, ikhlas, syukur, terikat oleh janji kepada Tuhan, bersama Tuhan, fitrah, mutu hukum, tanggung jawab ilmiah, Adat basandi syara' syara' basandi kitabullah syara' mangato adat mamakai. Mahasiswa setuju karena gagasan intensitas hukum sangat bagus dan berpengaruh dalam mewujudkan tujuan negara.
Legal Analysis of the Role of the Regional Assembly in the Monitoring of Notaries After Amendment of Law No. 2/2014
Authors: Riyanti Devi , Susilo Adhi Budi , Aziz Ahmad Shamsul Abd
Published: December 2023

Notaris, a specialized position appointed by the state, must adhere to the law in its activities. An institution is responsible for implementing and overseeing notaries in a specific region (district/city) to ensure that notaries do not violate their duties. Thus, establishing a Regional Supervisory Council is essential to act as the vanguard in conducting guidance and supervision of notaries. The research methodology employed is juridical-empirical, with a descriptive analysis specification. The findings reveal that the role of the Regional Supervisory Council in guiding and overseeing notaries in Semarang Regency is based on Ministerial Regulations and decisions, and its actions are grounded in the Notary Law, specifically Article 70 of Law No. 2 of 2014, an amendment to Law No. 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary Public. Challenges faced by the Regional Supervisory Council for Notaries in executing its authority are twofold. Internally, there are constraints related to minimal budgeting, limited supporting facilities, and the busy schedules of each official. Externally, challenges include several notaries lacking permanent offices, the coexistence of signboards for Land Deed Officials with notaries, which should be separate, and the disorganized arrangement of notarial protocols.Notaris merupakan jabatan khusus dari negara dituntut untuk tunduk pada undang-undang dalam kegiatannya, terdapat suatu badan yang mempunyai kewenangan dan kewajiban dalam melaksanakan dan pengawasan notaris di daerah (Kabupaten/kota) agar notaris tidak melakukan pelanggaran dalam menjalankan tugas jabatanya maka perlu adanya Majelis Pengawas Daerah sebagai garda depan dalam melaksanakan Pembinaan dan Pengawasan terhadap notaris Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris, spesifikasi yang digunakan bersifat deskritif analisis (1). Hasilnya, peran Majelis Pengawas Daerah dalam pembinaan dan pengawasan notaris di wilayah Kabupaten Semarang dalam menjalankan tugas mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri, keputusan menteri dan untuk dasar tindakannya mengacu pada undang-undang jabatan notaris pada Pasal 70 Undang-Undang No 2 Tahun 2014 perubahan atas Undang-Undang No 30 Tahun 2004 Tentang Jabatan Notaris Kendala yang di hadapi oleh Majelis Pengawas Daerah Notaris dalam melaksanakan kewenangannya. bersifat intern meliputi: anggaran yang minim, sarana penunjang yang terbatas dan kesibukan masing-masing pengurus. lalu yang bersifat ekstern adalah beberapa Notaris yang belum mempunyai kantor tetap,Masih terdapat papan nama Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) dengan Notaris, yang seharusnya tandanya dipisah dan protokol notaris yang tidak tertata rapi
EXPERIENCES OF PHYSICAL THERAPISTS WORKING IN NEUROLOGICAL REHABILITATION DURING COVID-19
Authors: Aktaş Arda , Serel Arslan Selen
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The study aimed to identify the experiences of physical therapists working in neurological rehabilitation during the COVID-19 process.
Methods: The draft survey was created by two physical therapists working in the field of neurological rehabilitation, and Lawshe method was used to assess its content validity. The survey included demographic information and questions regarding clinical practice, and psychological states. The final survey was administered via Google forms. Only physical therapists working in the field of neurology were involved in the study.
Results: The content validity ratio of the draft survey was found to be 0.745. According to this survey, the number of patients per week decreased significantly during the first 3 months and normalization process (p
Evaluating the Stormwater Management Model for hydrological simulation of infiltration swales in cold climates
Authors: Bosco Camillo , Abdalla Elhadi Mohsen Hassan , Muthanna Tone Merete , Alfredsen Knut , Rasten Britt , Kjennbakken Heidi , Sivertsen Edvard
Published: December 2023

The Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) is a widely used tool for assessing the hydrological performance of infiltration swales. However, validating the accuracy of SWMM simulation against observed data has been challenging, primarily because well-functioning infiltration swales rarely produce surface runoff, especially over short monitoring periods. This study addresses this challenge by using measured subsurface water storage levels for calibration and validation. The study evaluated three SWMM modules, namely, the snowpack, aquifer, and low-impact development (LID) modules, to simulate subsurface water storage levels of an infiltration swale located in a cold climate region during snow and snow-free periods. Global sensitivity analysis was used to identify influential parameters within these modules. The findings revealed that only a few parameters significantly influenced model outputs. Moreover, the aquifer module outperformed the LID module in simulating subsurface water storage due to limitations in setting the initial saturation of the LID module. Furthermore, simulation accuracy was better during snow-free periods due to challenges in simulating snow dynamics during snow periods with the snowpack module. The calibrated models offer valuable insights into the long-term hydrological performance of infiltration swales, enabling practitioners to identify events that trigger flooding in these systems.
Healthcare facility water, sanitation, and hygiene service status and barriers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Derso Atimen , Addis Taffere , Mengistie Bezatu
Published: December 2023

Inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices within healthcare facilities heighten the likelihood of hospital-acquired infections. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the status of WASH services and barriers at public healthcare facilities in Addis Ababa. A converging parallel mixed design was conducted among 86 public health care facilities and 16 key informants. A stratified sampling technique was used to select health care facilities. Quantitative data was collected using a semi-structured checklist, and qualitative data was collected using key informant interviews. Thematic data analysis was done to identify the barriers. Independent analysis of the healthcare WASH domain revealed that 86% and 14% of healthcare facilities had access to basic and limited water services, respectively; 100% had limited access to sanitation services; and 88.4% had limited hand hygiene services. While 97.7% and 29% did not have environmental cleaning or waste management services, respectively. Lack of WASH service infrastructure, resource availability, governance and collaborative work, capacity and awareness building, and a framework for monitoring and evaluation were found to be barriers to WASH services. Lack of basic WASH service access and existing challenges at healthcare facilities hinder efforts towards infection prevention and control.
Identificação das necessidades educacionais especiais
Authors: Johnson Luanna Freitas , Yaegashi Solange Franci Raimundo , Forno Leticia Fleig Dal
Published: December 2023

A identificação das necessidades educacionais especiais de estudantes que constituem o público-alvo da educação especial e que são encaminhados ao Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) se configura como um desafio aos professores. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, teve como objetivo descrever esse processo, bem como as práticas pedagógicas utilizadas. Participaram do estudo onze professoras que atuam em Sala de Recursos Multifuncionais (SRM) no estado de Rondônia-RO. Os resultados indicam que tanto o processo de identificação quanto o de atendimento às necessidades educacionais especiais apresentam muitas controvérsias em virtude da falta de modelos ou instrumentais e da ausência de discussões teóricas que subsidiem as práticas pedagógicas empregadas na avaliação para esse fim. Nesse contexto, a Psicologia Histórico-Cultural parece oferecer possibilidades para a construção de caminhos teóricos e práticos para subsidiar a identificação e o atendimento às necessidades educacionais especiais requeridas pelos estudantes encaminhados ao AEE.
FETO-MATERNAL AND NEONATAL COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM IN PREGNANCY
Authors: SABBITHI SUNANDA , PRASANNA MUDHAM SAI , EKKA ANIMA , VAISHNAVI DILLIKAR
Published: December 2023

Objective: To analyze and report the maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications in Antenatal hypothyroid women and to give the frequency of the co-existence of Anemia with Hypothyroidism in pregnancy.
Methods: A Prospective and an observational study was conducted on 200 Antenatal hypothyroid women admitted to the Obstetrics ward. In the period of 6 mo (August 2022-January 2023), the study was carried out through the examination of medical records of Antenatal women with Hypothyroidism.
Results: Of 200 Antenatal hypothyroid women enrolled in the study, Denovo Hypothyroidism was seen in 56% of women. Maternal complications reported include–(Lower Segment Cesarean Section) LSCS seen in 54.5%, Preeclampsia in 19%, mild anemia in 28%, (Post-Partum Hemorrhage) PPH in 7.5%,(Premature Rupture Of Membranes) PROM in 11.5%, Oligohydramnios in 24.5% of women. Fetal complications found were in fetal distress in 21%, in 32.5 %, Respiratory distress in 17.5%, and Low birth weight in 16% of Neonates.
Conclusion: Our study concludes that the number of pregnant women affected by Hypothyroidism has increased to a larger extent. Hence, the suspected risk factors of Hypothyroidism have to be addressed and monitored closely to decrease the rate of feto-maternal and neonatal complications in pregnancy, vital for the overall well-being of hypothyroid mothers and their babies.
LARYNGEAL LEIOMYOSARCOMA-A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: GUPTA MONIKA , SINDHU ANJALI , PUNIA PREETI , ANJALI  , SINGH SUNITA
Published: December 2023

Mesenchymal neoplasms are sporadic in the larynx accounting for about 1% of all laryngeal malignancies. Leiomyosarcoma is a high-grade tumor of smooth muscle fibres which is very rarely seen in the larynx. The present case report aims to discuss a rare case of laryngeal leiomyosarcoma with special emphasis on immunohistochemical techniques in arriving at the diagnosis.
NANOENCAPSULATION OF LUTEOLIN: ENHANCING BIOAVAILABILITY AND MEDICINAL BENEFITS
Authors: B. RAKSHA , M. VAISHNAVI , M. DURGA , BANU B. BRINDHA , R. DEEPIKAA
Published: December 2023

Luteolin is a naturally occurring chemical widely found in plants ranging from Bryophyta to Magnoliophyta. It can be obtained from several dietary sources such as carrots, olive oil, celery, spinach, oregano, and, fossils of some organisms such as Celtis and Ulmus dating back 36 to 25 million years. It is synthesized by the Shikimate pathway. The major qualities and therapeutic benefits of luteolin include cytoprotective abilities, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Antidepressant, Antidiabetic, Antiallergic, Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging and High radical scavenging. The antioxidant and Reactive Oxygen Species scavenging activity of luteolin aids in treating and curing inflammatory skin processes. It has been proven to act as a therapeutic drug with a wide spectrum of scope in the prevention and treatment of a vast range of malignant and benign cancers, extending from bladder cancer to breast cancer and from oral cancer to glioblastoma, which is achieved by its anticancer, antioxidant properties and cytoprotective abilities. Apart from its anticancer properties, it has a great scope in the restoration from neuropsychiatric disease and high-level fatigue due to Long COVID syndrome-associated brain fog and Chemo fog. The poor solubility and low bioavailability of luteolin limit its use in food and medicine. Synthetic and Natural polymer-based delivery systems have been developed to improve its stability and bioavailability. This review will highlight recent research on its nanoencapsulation and provide more information on luteolin to help readers have a better grasp of the compound's medicinal benefits.
Antiviral Activity of Marine Actinomycetes, Saccharopolyspora jiangxiensis IMA1 against Influenza A/(H1N1) pdm09
Authors: Ramesh Kiruba , Ethiraj Kannapiran , Krishnamoorthy Madhuri , Rajendran Kumar , Krishnasamy Kaveri , Srinivasan Sivasubramanian , Padmanaban Padmapriya
Published: December 2023

Influenza viruses are major communicable pathogens responsible for respiratory diseases affecting millions worldwide and denoted by increased morbidity and significant mortality. Antiviral drugs and periodical vaccination are used to control Influenza infections. The utility of currently available drugs is of major concern due to emergence of drug resistance. This necessitates the development of novel antiviral drugs from natural resources. Broad arsenal of highly effective novel anti-influenza drugs can be developed from actinomycetes which have been explored for development of an array of antimicrobials. Fractions of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous of the Saccharopolyspora jiangxiensis IMA1 were employed to assess the antiviral activity against Oseltamivir resistant influenza A/(H1N1)pdm09 virus. MTT, Plaque Reduction, Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and DAPI staining assays were performed to validate the study findings. Selectivity Index value of 18.38µg/ml concentration of the fraction was found to be effective to inhibit the growth of influenza viruses employing the Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cell line. Fraction produced a visually noticeable reduction in cytopathic effect as well as a reduction in viral titre as determined by the reduction in plaque formation. qRT-PCR assay clearly showed a linear relationship between the fraction concentration and the Ct values, demonstrating the virus growth inhibitory activity of the fraction. S.jiangxiensis IMA1 ethyl acetate fraction showed promising antiviral activity as revealed by inhibiting the amplification of influenza virus type A/(H1N1)pdm09. The research findings will be useful for the development of new antiviral drug from the bioactive actinomycetes extractions.
GC-MS Characterization of Eupatorium odoratum (L.) Leaves Essential Oil and Evaluation of In vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Choudhary Enna , Bithel Navneet , Sharma Tanuja , Saini Priyanka , Rajput Minakshi
Published: December 2023

The leaves essential oil of Eupatorium odoratum (L.) obtained by the hydro-distillation method was light yellowish in colour, having pungent aromatic fragrance with the yield of 0.010%. Fifteen secondary metabolites were identified via the GC-MS analysis of the essential oil and tau-Cadinol (20.10%) was found to be the major secondary metabolite in the essential oil followed by α Bisabolol (15.33%), cis-muurola-4 (14) 5- diene (10.79%), Isobornyl acetate (6.40%), and Isocaryophyllene (5.39%). The antimicrobial efficacy was investigated via agar well diffusion technique and essential oil was most effective against P. aeruginosa with inhibition zone 22.00±0.57 mm, which was followed by E. coli (19.00±0.57 mm), S. aureus (18.33±0.33 mm), K. pneumoniae (16.50±0.33 mm), and S. pyogenes (11.00±0.33 mm). MIC and MBC values were observed lowest against P. aeruginosa, i.e. 3.12µl/ml and 6.24µl/ml, respectively. Antioxidant activity of essential oil was investigated by DPPH and H2O2 scavenging assay and IC50 value was found very low, i.e. 10.58µl/ml and 11.76µl/ml, respectively, so the essential oil was considered as a potential antioxidant agent. The results validate scientifically the traditional utilization of leaves essential oil of E. odoratum in traditional medicinal system and confirmed that it can be used as modern phytomedicines as an antimicrobial as well as antioxidant agent.