bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPLITTING OF TROPHIC NICHES IN UNDERYEARLINGS OF MINNOW PHOXINUS PHOXINUS (L.) AND GUDGEON GOBIO GOBIO (L.) SHARING THE SAME HABITAT
Authors: Zhgareva Nina Nikolaevna , Strelnikova Aleksandra Pavlovna , Shlyapkin Igor Viktorovich
Published: June 2018

The article gives the results of determining feeding spectra of underyearlings of minnow ( Phoxinus phoxinus (L.)) and gudgeon ( Gobio gobio (L.)) living in the middle flow of the river Kes’ma (tributary of Rybinsk reservoir), as well as limits of feeding biotopes of their juveniles and proportion of structural zones determining their ecological niches at the first year of life. Analysis of similarity and distinction of food composition consumed by fry of both fish species utilizing common foraging resources in the process of sharing the same habitat was performed. It was shown that diet of gudgeon fry is more diverse, compared to minnow fry. Gudgeon was found to forage on invertebrates belonging to seven classes while minnow’s diet comprised representatives of four classes. Food objects common for both fish species were oligochaetes and larvae of amphibiotic insects. Chironomid larvae dominated in the food of both fish species. This can be observed in both the frequency of occurrence of these food items in the digestive tract (100%), as well as in the indices of its mass in the boluses. Species composition of chironomid larvae found in the food of gudgeon and minnow was significantly different. These differences are conditioned by both the biological features of single species such as their confinement to certain micro-habitats as well as the foraging behavior of fish fry. Because of current lack of hydrobiological research in the Kes’ma river, the prelist of invertebrates found in dietary intake of fish fry of the local habitat is considered to have a great practical value.
FORMING CASPIAN SPRAT STOCKS IN MODERN STATE OF THE SEA ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Paritskiy Yuriy Aleksandrovich , Razinkov Vjacheslav Petrovich
Published: June 2018

More than 50 years sprat fishing has been a leading trend in the Caspian Sea. Annual catch of sprat species (common kilka, anchovy, big-eyed kilka) reached 440.000 tons. The main fishery object was anchovy sprat. In recent decades anchovy sprat stock has decreased. Common sprat has become main fishery object. There took place redistribution of sprat concentrations in the sea. Middle part of the Caspian Sea has become the general area of commercial stocks of sprat distribution. The cause of these changes was ecosystem deterioration of the Caspian Sea. In this regard, there was made an attempt to generalize the material of many years of ecological monitoring and to determine the degree of impact of outside environment factors on the pelagial ecosystem of the Caspian Sea and forming sprat stocks. According to the analysis results, seismic activity, sea pollution with chemical wastes or petroleum products, sharp increase of the number of unwanted invaders can be considered the factors affecting the habitat of aquatic bioresearches. Closed water reservoirs, circulation of tides, specific ecological features can become the result of transforming separate anomalies into major catastrophes, which will result in decreasing fish productivity of the sea area. One of the problem solutions concerning common sprat commercial stocks decrease is a purposeful struggle against an invader ctenophore-mnemiopsis - the main rival in feeding adult planktivorous fishes and a direct predator for fish spawn and larvae
PRESENT STATUS OF NATURAL REPRODUCTION OF STURGEON (ACIPENSERIDAE) IN THE URAL RIVER
Authors: Kamelov Askarbay Kadralyevich , Kadimov Erbolat Latifovic , Asylbekova Saule Zhangirovna , Isbekov Kuanysh Baibulatovich , Kulikov Evgeniy Vyacheslavovich
Published: June 2018

In the current conditions of a critical reduction of sturgeon stocks and the imposed moratorium on industrial sturgeon catching it is necessary to take urgent and cardinal measures to save the Caspian populations of these valuable fish species. To restore the number of sturgeons in the Ural-Caspian basin it is first of all necessary to increase the efficiency of natural reproduction. The Urals is the only river in the basin of the Caspian Sea with an undisturbed hydrological regime that allows to maintain the normal dynamics of migrations of sturgeon fishes and conditions for spawning and the subsequent ramp of the young. The current state of the natural reproduction of sturgeon in the Ural river was analyzed; data on the dynamics of sloping migration of young sturgeon, their number and mass are given. It has been established that the main factors affecting the reproduction of sturgeon are the hydrological conditions of the river of a particular year, as well as the number of producers that are allowed to enter spawning grounds. It has been stated that the beginning of sturgeon juveniles ramp into the Ural River shifted to later period and can be registered only since June; ramp duration has greatly decreased; average mass of ramping juveniles also decreased; since 2007 Acipenser nudiventris juveniles haven’t been observed, and since 2010 stellate sturgeon juveniles haven’t been come across. It is shown that at present, due to a number of reasons, the efficiency of natural reproduction of sturgeon in the Ural River is reduced to zero.
DYNAMICS OF ZOOBENTHOS DEVELOPMENT WITHIN THE WATER AREA OF THE YURI KORCHAGIN FIELD IN THE NORT PART OF THE CASPIAN SEA
Authors: Studnikov Semen Nikolaevich , Malinovskaya Lyubov Vasilievna , Kuzin Alexey Vladimirovich
Published: June 2018

One of the main purposes of the monitoring studies is a long-term research of benthic communities of the north part of the Caspian Sea. Analysis of quantitative and qualitative characteristics is the only means to formulate main laws of the development of benthic biocenosis in terms of enhanced oil and gas field development, as well as to provide a forecast of the state of the fields and of the human impact on them. In the survey period, from 2014 to 2016, 43 species of benthic invertebrates, namely 2 species of Annelida, 32 species of Crustacea and 9 species of Mollusca, were identified as the result of zoobenthos development study. In that period, total average population density of the benthic fauna within the Yuri Korchagin field water area made 6 716 organisms per square meter, while the general average biomass constituted 77.324 grams per square meter. During the whole period of the research such zoobenthos species as Crustaceans and mainly Gammarids, including Ch. Ischnus and St. similis , dominated in terms of population density. As to biomass, the most abundant zoobenthos species were molluscs - Mediterranean species M. lineatus and A. ovata with D. protracta - a marine species - dominating in different years. Zoobenthos diversity, quantity fluctuations and dominance of given species in biomass and population density at certain stations of the studied water area were linked principally to the water salinity, type of soil and food resources availability. The study of benthic invertebrates showed that Yuri Korchagin field area in the north part of the Caspian Sea is characterized by a high development of euryhaline and marine benthic invertebrates.
Blasphemy, the Fate of Ahmadiyya in Lombok and a Critique of Religious Discourse
Authors: Masnun M.Ag.
Published: June 2018

Though Indonesia has claimed a principle of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika ("different but one"), in reality the country has faced fragmentation over the differences in its society, with its people blaspheming and killing each other. Ironically, the inter-religious conflict which has occurred is no longer between practitioners of different religions, but between practitioners of the same religions. This article is based on observational research conducted by the writer during his time in an area which has faced relatively intense violence: Lombok. Observations indicate that several types of violence are occurring in this area, namely cultural violence, social violence, gender violence, and violence in the name of religion. This last type of violence has been particularly dominant in Lombok, which is popularly known as “the island of a thousand mosques”. One form of violence in the name of religion is violence against the area’s Ahmadiyya population. One may ask, then, why is violence still used and considered a superior approach to problem solving than non-violence? Why are people trapped in the logic of difference and forget that different peoples have meeting points? How can these differences be dealt with so that they do not become self-destructive forces?
Metaphorical modelling in the case of cosmetic companies’ image development
Authors: Ivantsiv Oryslava
Published: June 2018

The article focuses on metaphorical modelling as a means of corporate image development. The research data includes an electronic corpus of 185 press releases issued by five international cosmetic companies. A methodology of analysing metaphorical models based on the consideration of the model’s frame-slot structure was applied. The study resulted in the singling out of two major metaphorical clusters within the corporate discourse of image-making – BUSINESS IS A HUMAN BEING and BUSINESS IS ART. Although these models do not embrace the whole range of sources of metaphorical expansion, they nevertheless essentially contribute to creating a relatively holistic image of a cosmetic company as a perfect organism that produces masterpieces to meet the needs and expectations of the target audience.
Nghiên cứu chế tạo cảm biến miễn dịch điện hóa sử dụng kháng thể IgY chiết xuất trực tiếp từ trứng gà làm phần tử dò ứng dụng trong phát hiện virus Newcastle
Authors: Tran Thi Luyen
Published: June 2018

Đối với các bệnh truyền nhiễm do virus nói chung và bệnh Newcastle ở gia cầm nói riêng, kỹ thuật chẩn đoán nhanh sử dụng thiết bị đơn giản, dễ chế tạo, có độ nhạy và độ chọn lọc cao, thao tác mẫu dễ dàng là yếu tố quan trọng để phát hiện sớm dịch bệnh, từ đó có các biện pháp ngăn chặn quá trình lây nhiễm và đưa ra phác đồ điều trị hiệu quả. Cảm biến miễn dịch là một trong những thiết bị được kỳ vọng đáp ứng được hầu hết yêu cầu trên và có triển vọng thay thế một phần hay hoàn toàn các kỹ thuật chẩn đoán truyền thống. Trong nghiên cứu này, hệ ba điện cực sử dụng điện cực so sánh thay thế Ag/AgCl được tích hợp với một bình phản ứng mini, kháng thể IgY kháng virus Newcastle chiết xuất trực tiếp từ trứng gà được cố định lên trên bề mặt điện cực vàng (cảm biến miễn dịch), cảm biến miễn dịch điện hóa tích hợp bình phản ứng mini đã chế tạo được ứng dụng trong phát hiện virus Newcastle.
Quốc hội Việt Nam đang chuyển đổi: Quốc hội ‘tham luận’, đến Quốc hội ‘tranh luận’
Authors: Nguyễn Đăng Duy
Published: June 2018

Phân tích sự thay đổi trong hoạt động nghị trường của Quốc Hội Việt Nam từ khi thành lập đến nay, tác giả cho rằng trước Đổi mới, hoạt động nghị trường của Quốc Hội Việt Nam chủ yếu là “tham luận” – tức minh họa, giải thích chủ trương, chính sách của Đảng và báo cáo thành tích, khó khăn cùng những quyết tâm thực hiện các chủ trương chính sách của Đảng và nhà nước ở địa phương. Kể từ khi Đổi mới, hoạt động nghị trường của Quốc Hội Việt Nam ngày càng chuyển sang “thảo luận” và tranh luận– tức không chỉ bình luận, giải thích, mà còn bao hàm cả việc đánh giá, phản biện các chủ trương, chính sách của Đảng Cộng sản.
MARITIME DISPUTE SETTLEMENT BETWEEN EL SALVADOR AND HONDURAS BY INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE: AN EXPERIENCE FOR VIETNAM
Authors: Diến Nguyễn Bá , Nguyễn Hùng Cường , Đinh Phạm Văn Minh
Published: June 2018

On December 11th 1986, Honduras and El Salvador sumitted a copy of the Special Agreement requesting to settle their disputes over land and sea to the International Court of Justice (ICJ). The case was resolved by the ICJ in a final judgment on September 11th1992. Through the Judgement, ICJ clarified the legal status of the historic bay and application of the principle ofeffective occupation;which becomes experiences for Vietnam in settling disputes of sovereignty over islands and delimitation of the sea, as well as using evidences and interventing in the International Court of Justice.
Laws of some countries in the world on international cooperation in criminal procedures and the lesson for Vietnam
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Ly
Published: June 2018

International cooperation in criminal procedure is an indispensable trend in the period of globalization and international integration. This formed a system of global, regional and national laws regulating international activities in the criminal field. Each country or region has different legal frameworks for international cooperation in criminal procedure and its effectiveness is not the same. Thus, this paper focuses on analyzing the legal provisions of some countries, thereby drawing lessons for Vietnam on the improvement of the law, establishing a legal framework for criminal international cooperation to improve the effectiveness of international cooperation in the CPR.
Validity of Clinical Small–Fiber Sensory Testing to Detect Small–Nerve Fiber Degeneration
Authors: Ridehalgh Colette , Sandy-Hindmarch Oliver P. , Schmid Annina B.
Published: June 2018

Background

Small–nerve fiber, or small-fiber, degeneration commonly occurs in patients with peripheral neuropathies, resulting in a deterioration of nerve function. Currently, the gold standard to identify small-fiber degeneration is through skin biopsy. Simple clinical tests aim to identify small-fiber degeneration, but their validity remains unknown.

Objectives

To examine the validity of clinical tests to assess small–nerve fiber degeneration, using carpal tunnel syndrome as a model neuropathy.

Methods

One hundred seven participants (22 healthy, 85 with carpal tunnel syndrome) in this prospective, cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study underwent pinprick testing of the index finger and were assessed for cold detection threshold and warm detection threshold using quantitative sensory testing. In a subgroup of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (n = 51), cold and warm sensations were also tested, using coins at room and body temperature, respectively. The validity of these clinical tests was established against intra-epidermal nerve fiber density measured in skin biopsies from the index finger.

Results

Optimal validity occurred with clusters of tests. Specifically, normal warm or cold sensation is highly sensitive to rule out small-fiber degeneration (sensitivity, 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85, 0.99), but has a low specificity (0.20; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.52). By contrast, a reduction in pinprick is highly specific (0.88; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.95), and so can be used to rule in small-fiber degeneration. For quantitative sensory testing, the highest specificity (0.83) occurs for warm detection threshold and the highest sensitivity (0.84; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.91) for cold detection threshold or warm detection threshold.

Conclusion

Pinprick testing, followed by warm and cold tests if pinprick is normal, is a valid and cost-effective method to detect small-fiber degeneration. For quantitative sensory testing, warm detection threshold is useful for ruling in small-fiber degeneration. To rule out small-fiber degeneration, both cold detection threshold and warm detection threshold must be negative.

Level of Evidence

Diagnosis, level 2. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(10):767–774. Epub 22 Jun 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.8230
Perceptions of Rehabilitation and Return to Sport Among High School Athletes With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Qualitative Research Study
Authors: DiSanti Justin , Lisee Caroline , Erickson Karl , Bell David , Shingles Michael , Kuenze Christopher
Published: June 2018

Background

Adolescent athletes struggle to return to sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) for physical and psychosocial reasons. The ability to integrate contextual evidence obtained directly from patients with the growing body of quantitative rehabilitation research may aid clinicians in taking an evidence-based approach to rehabilitation and return to sport within the adolescent population.

Objectives

To assess perceived barriers to return to sport, as well as positive and negative factors influencing recovery, among high school athletes with recent history of ACLR.

Methods

This phenomenographic cross-sectional study included a sample of 10 high school–aged individuals (7 female, 3 male; mean ± SD age, 16.8 ± 1.1 years; time since surgery, 5.5 ± 1.4 months) who underwent ACLR and had not returned to sports. Participants completed a semi-structured interview focused on attitudes related to return to sport, perceived physical or psychosocial barriers to physical activity and return to sport, and rehabilitation characteristics that may facilitate or hinder return to sport.

Results

Participants reported psychosocial barriers to return to sport with greater consistency than physical barriers. Consistently reported barriers included the feeling that sport-based activities were now associated with injury, a persistent sense of uncertainty regarding full recovery, and the sense that comparison to others with ACLR by parents or coaches hindered their ability to make progress in rehabilitation.

Conclusion

Early identification of athletes at risk for persistent psychosocial barriers, such as fear of reinjury and uncertainty regarding full recovery, and establishment of peer mentoring groups to facilitate psychosocial support throughout the rehabilitation process may be key components of a gradual, patient-centered approach to improving mental and physical readiness for return to sport. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(12):951–959. Epub 22 Jun 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.8277
Öğrencilerin Sportif Rekreatif Aktivitelere Düzenli Katılımlarına Yönelik İlgilerinin Değerlendirilmesi (Kocaeli Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: TURHAN Aydın , AKDENİZ Hakan , BAYAZIT Betül
Published: June 2018

İnsan hayatında teknolojinin gelişmesiyle hızla artan hareketsizlik,
kişilerin yaşam kalitesini önemli derecede etkilemektedir. Günümüzde yaşam
kalitesini arttırmaya yönelik uygulanan sportif rekreatif aktivitelerin önemi
gittikçe artmaktadır. Öğrencilerin sportif rekreatif aktivitelere düzenli
katılımlarına yönelik ilgilerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılan çalışma bu
bağlamda hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma grubunu, Kocaeli Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi
ve Spor Yüksekokulu ile Eğitim Fakültesi’nde okuyan ve çalışmaya gönüllü olarak
katılan 184'ü (%63.3) kadın ve 116'sı (%38.7) erkek olmak üzere toplam 300
öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, Ergül’ün (2008)
“Üniversite Gençliğinin Sportif Rekreasyon Etkinliklerine Yönelik İlgileri ve
Katılma Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi” adlı çalışmasında kullandığı 38 soruluk
anket formu uygulanmıştır. Anketlerden elde edilen verilerin frekans ve yüzde
değerlerine ilişkin dağılımları SPSS 20.0 paket programında değerlendirilerek
tablolar haline getirilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan 300 öğrenciden 226’sı (%88.7)
çocukluk çağında spor yapıp aynı zamanda %45.3’ü beden eğitimi derslerinde
sporla ilgili yeterli bilgi aldığını ve spor yapmaya devam ettiklerini belirtmişlerdir.
Bu öğrencilerden %56.7’si sağlık için spor merkezlerinde, %22’si eğlence amaçlı
olarak, %17.3’ü kulüplerde ve %4.0’ü de okul takımlarında spor yaptıklarını
belirtmişlerdir. Spor faaliyetlerine katılım nedenlerinin ise sırasıyla; %12’si
sağlıklı bir yaşam, %8.3’ü monotonluktan kurtulmak, %14.3’ü kilo vermek, %10.3’ü
sporda başarı kazanmak, %33’ü değişik arkadaş grubu edinmek ve %12’si de ev
ortamından kurtulmak için spor etkinliklerine katıldıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Bu
sonuçlar göz önüne alındığında; üniversite öğrencilerinin hem sosyal, hem
sportif hem de kültürel gelişimlerine katkı sağlayacak olan sportif rekreatif
aktivitelere düzenli katılımlarına yönelik ilginin arttırılmasının büyük önem
taşıdığı söylenebilir.
17 Yaş Grubu Milli Badmintoncuların Müsabaka Sırasında Yaptıkları Basit Hatalar İle Fiziksel Performansları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Hotaman Fatih , Özgür Beyhan , Coşan Fehim
Published: June 2018

Bu çalışmada, 17 yaş
grubu milli badmintoncuların müsabaka sırasında yaptıkları basit hatalar ile
fiziksel performans seviyeleri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak amaçlanmıştır.
Araştırmaya, yaş ortalaması 15.6±1.34, spor yılı 6.60±0.54 olan 5 erkek milli
badmintoncu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırma Türkiye Badminton Federasyonu
2017 yılı faaliyet programında yer alan 15 yaş altı Türkiye şamopiyonası, 17
yaş milli takım seçmesi, badminton süper ligi, badminton 1. ligi ve Turkey
Junior 2017 turnuvalarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan
badmintoncuların toplamda 43 maçı incelenmiş, her sporcunun ortalam maç sayısı
8.60±2.60 ve set sayısı 2.32±0.24 olarak bulunmuştur. Sporcuların fiziksel
performanlarını belirlemek için boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı ölçümleri, 20 m
sürat, t-test, dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama, esneklik (otur-eriş), sırt
ve bacak kuvveti testleri uygulanmıştır. Basit hatalar, T.H (toplamda yapılan
basit hata), K.T.S (kaybedilen toplam sayı), B.K.T.S.Y (basit hataların
kaybedilen toplam sayıdaki yüzdesi), H.Ö.K (Ön korta yapılan hata), H.O.K (Orta
kortta yapılan hata) ve H.A.K (Arka kortta yapılan hata) olarak analiz
edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin SPSS paket programında tanımlayıcı
istatistikleri (standart sapma, minimum, maksimum, ortalama) ve basit hatalar
ile fiziksel performans arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için Spearman korelasyon
analizi uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, badmintoncuların durarak uzun atlama
değerlerindeki artış ile T.H ve H.Ö.K’ nin anlamlı olarak azaldığı görülürken
(r=-.900; p<0.05), vücut ağırlığı artışı ile H.A.K’ nin anlamlı
olarak arttığı görülmüştür (r=-.975; p<0.01).
Predicting Feasible Organic Reaction Pathways Using Heuristically Aided Quantum Chemistry
Authors: Rappoport Dmitrij , Aspuru-Guzik Alan
Published: June 2018

Studying organic reaction mechanisms using quantum chemical methods requires from the researcher an extensive knowledge of both organic chemistry and first-principles computation. The need for empirical knowledge arises because any reasonably complete exploration of the potential energy surfaces (PES) of organic reactions is computationally prohibitive. We have previously introduced the Heuristically-Aided Quantum Chemistry (HAQC) approach to modeling complex chemical reactions, which abstracts the empirical knowledge in terms of chemical heuristics—simple rules guiding the PES exploration—and combines them with structure optimizations using quantum chemical methods. The HAQC approach makes use of heuristic kinetic criteria for selecting reaction paths that are not only plausible, that is, consistent with the empirical rules of organic reactivity, but also feasible under the reaction conditions. In this work, we develop heuristic kinetic feasilibity criteria, which correctly predict feasible reaction pathways for a wide range of simple polar (substitutions, additions, and eliminations) and pericyclic organic reactions (cyclizations, sigmatropic shifts, and cycloadditions). In contrast to knowledge-based reaction mechanism prediction methods, the same kinetic heuristics are successful in classifying reaction pathways as feasible or infeasible across this diverse set of reaction mechanisms. We discuss the energy profiles of HAQC and their potential applications in machine learning of chemical reactivity.
AN ERROR ANALYSIS IN THE USE OF PUNCTUATION IN NARRATIVE TEXT AT SECOND GRADE OF SMA NEGERI 1 MAKASSAR
Authors: Amelia Dea Rezky , Ampa Andi Tenri , Ilmiah Ilmiah
Published: June 2018

The research was aimed to find out the kinds of errors in the use of punctuation in narrative text at second grade of SMA Negeri 1 Makassar. The research focused on five punctuation, they are full stop, comma, question mark, exclamation point, and quotation mark. The method of this research was descriptive quantitative. The subjects of this research took 36 students from 4 classes, it used random sampling technique. The researcher used narrative text as instrument. From the result, there are some kinds of errors students made, they are Misordering, omission, and addition of punctuation. Omission of full stop was dominant error made by students that is 19.22%. In writing, punctuation is very important because it can make reader understand the meaning of writing.
Variación fenotípica infraespecífica de la codorniz de California (Callipepla californica, Aves: Odontophoridae) de la península de Baja California, México
Authors: Cabrera-Huerta María , Ruiz-Campos Gorgonio , De la Cueva Horacio , Unitt Philip , García-De León Francisco J.
Published: June 2018

Para determinar caracteres diagnósticos de utilidad en la identificación taxonómica infraespecífica de la codorniz de California (Callipepla californica) de la península de Baja California, comparamos fenotípicamente cuatro subespecies nominales mediante el análisis estadístico multivariado de 18 caracteres: nueve morfométricos y nueve colorimétricos. Examinamos 338 especímenes de museos provenientes de 114 sitios, comparándolos por subespecie y localidad tipo. El análisis de componentes principales (ACP) no pudo determinar grupos congruentes con las subespecies taxonómicas a pesar de que los caracteres asociados con las medidas del pico y de coloración en ambos sexos tuvieron un poder de discriminación significativo. El análisis de función discriminante (AFD) presentó diferencias significativas en las categorías de comparación a priori, P < 0.05, donde fenotípicamente la distinción de las subespecies (C.c. californica, C.c. plumbea, C.c. decolorata y C.c. achrustera) sólo fue posible entre las localidades tipo. Los machos se separan por la longitud del culmen, longitud de la mandíbula, luminosidad del pecho, flanco y parche amarillo, mientras que las hembras por la longitud del pico, longitud del ala y longitud de la mandíbula. Los resultados que obtuvimos no aportan evidencia suficiente para la validación o rechazo de las subespecies nominales, por lo que la presencia de un patrón de mosaico en la variación fenotípica de las poblaciones podría explicar las diferencias morfométricas y colorimétricas observadas.
Türk Edebiyatı Tarihine Bir Katkı Olarak Modern Türk Edebiyatı
Authors: Ceylan Sercan
Published: June 2018

21. yüzyıla gelinceye değin Türk Edebiyatı
tarihiyle ilgili pek çok çalışma ortaya konmuş ve bunlar büyük oranda yazarlarının
yöntemsel, biçimsel ya da düşünsel tercihlerine bağlı kalarak didaktizmi /
öğreticiliği hedefliyor görünmüşlerdir. Bu çalışmalar edebiyat, dil ve kültür zincirini
ilerletmek, tanıtıcı ve açıklayıcı bilgileri okur için bir drajeye dönüştürmek
ve edebiyat eğitimi bakımından derli toplu bir kaynak olmak görevlerini
üstlenirler. Dil devrimi öncesinden, Abdülhalim Memduh’un Tarih-i Edebiyat-ı Osmaniye’sinden başlayarak özgül bir disipline
kavuşan edebiyat tarihçiliğinin genellikle 20. yüzyılda devinime kavuştuğunu
görüyoruz. Bu yazıda ise Türk edebiyatı tarihindeki yeri, nitelikleri, işleviyle Modern
Türk Edebiyatı mercek altına alınacaktır.
Tres siglos de la invención de la sostenibilidad
Authors: Mallén Rivera Carlos
Published: June 2018

Si la ciencia es la constelación de hechos, teorias y métodos; entonces, los científicos son personajes que han contribuido con alguno de los elementos que configuran ese universo. Por lo cual, el desarrollo científico se conviene en un proceso gradual que añade conceptos, solos y en combinación al caudal creciente de la técnica y del conocimiento. Sin embargo, señala Thomas Kuhn en su libro La estructura de las revoluciones científicas, los historiadores de la ciencia han “descubierto” lo difícil que resulta desempeñar las funciones que el desarrollo, por acumulación, les asigna. Una narración de un proceso en incremento hace cada vez más complicado responder a preguntas tales como: ¿Cuándo se descubrió el oxígeno? Para Kuhn, con más frecuencia se comienza a sospechar que constituye un error plantear ese tipo de preguntas. Quizá la ciencia no avanza aglutinando descubrimientos e inventos individuales.

Simultáneamente, los historiadores de la ciencia se enfrentan a dificultades para distinguir el componente científico de las observaciones pasadas. Tal vez, un descubrimiento o planteamiento es tachado de intrascendente o peor aun de falso, abandonado, en la mejor de la suertes, en los archivos polvosos de la indiferencia académica. Años o siglos después descubrimos que ni era irrelevante e incluso respondía a un cúmulo de preguntas y necesidades.
PROSPECCIÓN DASOMÉTRICA DE LA FAMILIA CYATHEACEAE EN RESTAURACIÓN EN CUETZALAN, PUEBLA
Authors: Rovirosa M. Cuitláhuac A. , Rovirosa F. Israel
Published: June 2018

Los Ciateales o helechos arborescentes con registro fósil se remontan al periodo Jurásico. En la flora actual son parte vital de la biodiversidad del ecosistema del Bosque Mesófilo de Montaña y están amenazados de extinción. El orden incluye ocho géneros y 750 especies que pertenecen a Cyathea. Son tropicales y subtropicales y se extienden en regiones templadas de Nueva Zelanda y Sudamérica. Abundan en el estrato inferior de los bosques. Los troncos están ramificados y su altura varía de 1 a 20 m. Los estipes de los ciateales son herbáceos, los rizomas tienen una protostela central, en las partes más viejas, pasa de modo muy variado a un retículo con carácter de sifonostela o polistela, xilema central, floema periférico en el esfuerzo a veces grueso (con raíces caulogenas rígidas). Se determinó la dasometría de Cyatheaceae restauradas in situ en la área natural protegida Cuetzalan, Pue. El crecimiento ponderado del estipe varía entre 30 y 90 cm por año, a partir del tipo de suelo, la sombra y la competencia de las especies forestales. El Ø-(X) es de 15-23 cm y el número de frondas es de 24 por estipe. La maduración del “tallo” para su aprovechamiento es útil después del décimo año. La La discusión siempre ha estado orientada hacia su uso comercial en calidad de maquique, cuyos resultados sugieren perspectivas sostenibles.
PRODUCCIÓN DE Prosopis laevigata (Humb. et Bonpl. ex Willd.) M.C. Johnst. CON DIFERENTES MEZCLAS DE SUSTRATO
Authors: Prieto Ruiz José Ángel , Rosales Mata Sergio , Sigala Rodríguez José Ángel , Madrid Aispuro Rosa Elvira , Mejía Bojorques Jorge Manuel
Published: June 2018

Se determinó el efecto de cinco combinaciones de sustrato sobre la calidad de Prosopis laevigata producido en vivero, las cuales estuvieron conformadas por una mezcla base (MB), compuesta por 55 % peat moss + 50 % vermiculita + 21 % agrolita; y por otro lado, corteza compostada (CC). Las mezclas consideradas fueron: 1) 50 % CC + 50 % MB, 2) 60 % CC + 40 % MB, 3) 70 % CC + 30 % MB, 4) 80 % CC + 20 % MB, y 5) 100 % de MB. Durante la preparación se añadieron 7 kg m-3 del fertilizante granulado Multicote®. Se emplearon charolas de poliestireno con 77 cavidades, cada una con capacidad para 170 mL. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar y cada tratamiento constó de cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluaron altura, diámetro del cuello, biomasa seca total e índice de calidad de Dickson. En plantas con cinco meses de edad, se obtuvieron diferencias significativas (p < 0.05), que dependieron de las composiciones. La mayoría de las variables respondieron mejor ante el enriquecimiento dado por 50 % CC + 50% de MB; con las otras mezclas se obtuvieron resultados similares, con excepción de aquella constituida por 80 % de CC y 20 % de MB, en la que se registraron parámetros menores. Los valore obtenidos indican que el uso de corteza compostada es una alternativa viable para el crecimiento de P. laevigata en vivero, ya que contribuye a la disminución de gastos de producción con relación a la mezcla base, que tiene un costo elevado.
ENSAYO DE SEIS ESPECIES ARBÓREAS PARA LA REFORESTACIÓN DE LA SEGUNDA. SECCIÓN DEL BOSQUE DE CHAPULTEPEC
Authors: López López Stephanie Fabiola , Benavides Meza Héctor M.
Published: June 2018

La Ciudad de México ha sufrido un deterioro ambiental debido al crecimiento desmedido de su población humana, por lo que es necesario mejorar sus áreas verdes e incrementar los servicios ambientales y la calidad de vida de sus pobladores. El Bosque de Chapultepec destaca por ser la de mayor extensión (686 ha), además de su relevancia histórica, cultural y recreativa. La 2a Sección ha sufrido una reducción de su dosel debido, principalmente, a la declinación del eucalipto, una de las especies de mayor frecuencia; sin embargo, con el fin de contar con nuevas opciones para su reforestación, se evaluó la respuesta de seis especies arbóreas nativas de México, mediante un ensayo con un diseño de tres bloques al azar con nueve plantas por especie en cada parcela, en las que se determinó su supervivencia, altura y diámetro basal cada tres meses durante un año. Hubo diferencias entre los porcentajes de supervivencia (100 – 77.78 %), aunque no estadísticamente significativos; sin embargo, en las tasas de crecimiento en diámetro y altura se presentaron diferencias, pues los valores más grandes se registraron en Thevethia thevetioides, Heliocarpus reticulatus, y Pinus greggii var. australis. Todas las especies, con excepción de Pinus cembroides, mostraron una buena respuesta a las condiciones ambientales de la 2a sección, por lo que pueden ser una buena alternativa para reforestar las áreas verdes de la Ciudad de México que reúnan condiciones ecológicas similares.
EFECTO DE LA FERTILIZACIÓN SOBRE EL CRECIMIENTO Y CONTENIDO DE COMPUESTOS VOLÁTILES EN Satureja macrostema (Benth) Briq.
Authors: Torres-Martínez Rafael , Bello-González Miguel Ángel , Molina-Torres Jorge , Ramírez-Chávez Enrique , García-Rodríguez Yolanda , Fulgencio-Negrete Rodolfo , García-Hernández Alejandra , López-Gómez Rodolfo , Martínez-Pacheco Mauro Manuel , Lara Chávez Blanca Nieves , Salgado-Garciglia Rafael
Published: June 2018

El nurité, Satureja macrostema, tiene gran importancia en la medicina tradicional mexicana. El presente trabajo evaluó el crecimiento y contenido de compuestos volátiles en la parte aérea de esta especie. El efecto de la fertilización mineral N – P - K se analizó en plantas micropropagadas (clones), cultivadas por 90 días en invernadero. Se aplicaron tres niveles de N – P – K mensualmente, de la siguiente manera: T2: 10 – 10 - 10; T3: 17 – 17 - 17 y T4: 20 – 20 – 20, además de un tratamiento testigo, T1: 1 g kg-1 de sustrato. Las plantas del T4 tuvieron el mayor tamaño, con 50.33 cm de altura, 227.1 hojas por individuo, 9.52 cm2 de área foliar y 24.94 g de peso fresco (4.72 g de peso seco). Los volátiles fueron examinados por cromatografía de gases y espectrometría de masas. Se registraron con más abundancia: pulegona, limoneno, linalol, mentona y verbenona. Se determinaron cantidades superiores a las del testigo conforme fueron más altas las concentraciones de fertilizante; así, se extrajeron para el T4: 45.95 μg g-1 de pulegona, 2.17 μg g-1de limoneno, 10.79 μg g-1de linalol y 3.06 μg g-1de mentona, excepto la verbenona que fue más cuantiosa en el T1. La fertilización con T4 resultó positiva, tanto para el crecimiento de la planta, como para la abundancia de volátiles, en comparación con las plantas no fertilizadas.
DENDROCRONOPIROLOGÍA: ANÁLISIS DE LA EVIDENCIA MORFOLÓGICA DE INCENDIOS FORESTALES
Authors: Ávila Flores Diana Yemilet , González Tagle Marco Aurelio , Jiménez Pérez Javier , Aguirre Calderón Oscar Alberto , Treviño Garza Eduardo Javier , Vargas Larreta Benedicto
Published: June 2018

El régimen de incendios es una importante fuerza evolutiva que modifica la estructura y favorece la adaptación de algunos ecosistemas al fuego. En la última década el número de estudios enfocados a la reconstrucción histórica de la ocurrencia de incendios alrededor del mundo se ha incrementado. En el presente trabajo se hace una descripción de la aplicación de los métodos dendrocronológicos para la reconstrucción y análisis de los regímenes ecológicos de fuego, así como de su implicación en el manejo de los recursos forestales. Entre las técnicas conocidas figuran el análisis de carbón en sedimentos de lagos, la estructura de edades, y la teledetección. Sin embargo, una de las más empleadas es el análisis de las cicatrices de fuego en los árboles, las cuales se forman cuando el calor es demasiado intenso, o bien tiene un tiempo de residencia muy largo, suficiente como para penetrar la corteza y matar parte del cambium. Mediante su aplicación es factible reconocer el historial del siniestro en los bosques, a partir de la evidencia plasmada en los anillos de crecimiento. Esta opción provee bases sustentadas útiles para el diseño y desarrollo de estrategias de manejo integral del fuego, las que deben ser consideradas como una pieza fundamental en los programas de restauración y protección de los ecosistemas.
Lookup Table Algorithm for Error Correction in Color Images
Authors: Abdulsattar Ruaa Alaadeen , Hussein M. Ali Nada
Published: June 2018

Error correction and error detection techniques are often used in wireless transmission systems. A color image of type BMP is considered as an application of developed lookup table algorithms to detect and correct errors in these images. Decimal Matrix Code (DMC) and Hamming code (HC) techniques were integrated to compose Hybrid Matrix Code (HMC) to maximize the error detection and correction. The results obtained from HMC still have some error not corrected because the redundant bits added by Hamming codes to the data are considered inadequate, and it is suitable when the error rate is low for detection and correction processes. Besides, a Hamming code could not detect large burst error period, in addition, the have same values sometimes which lead to not detect the error and consequently increase the error ratio. The proposed algorithm LUT_CORR is presented to detect and correct errors in color images over noisy channels, the proposed algorithm depends on the parallel Cyclic Redundancy Code (CRC) method that's based on two algorithms: Sarwate and slicing By N algorithms. The LUT-CORR and the aforementioned algorithms were merged to correct errors in color images, the output results correct the corrupted images with a 100 % ratio almost. The above high correction ratio due to some unique values that the LUT-CORR algorithm have. The HMC and the proposed algorithm applied to different BMP images, the obtained results from LUT-CORR are compared to HMC for both Mean Square Error (MSE) and correction ratio.Â  The outcome from the proposed algorithm shows a good performance and has a high correction ratio to retrieve the source BMP image.
Patientâ€™s Cancer Categorization Based On Jaccard and Venn Techniques
Authors: Omar Nurul Aswa , Efendi Riswan , Wahid Norfaradilla , Mohd Yasin Afiq Luqman
Published: June 2018

Under some circumstances, hospitals and clinics need to know the preliminary patientâ€™s disease categorization, such as H1N1, Dengue, HIV/AIDS and others. However, categorizing patients will be useful in the future if the hospitals Â properly recorded their patient criteria and crucial details such as patientâ€™s name, symptoms, temperature and others. There are many benefits by grouping the patients together such as the hospitals will know how to provide an appropriate medicine to the patient, which patient will get the highest priority and should be quarantined.Â  It is very important to know how to group the patients by using their symptoms detected. This study will focus on patients with cancer problems using Jaccard index and Venn diagram techniques. Their data will be collected from a hospital and the patients are selected randomly. Patients with lungs, brain and breast cancer will be selected in this study.
Augmented Reality to Induce Enjoyment in Edutainment Mobile Game
Authors: Beng Keat Oo Yew , Wahid Noorhaniza , Murli Norhanifah , Hamid Rahayu A.
Published: June 2018

Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that overlay the computer generated image on real world object. AR has been implemented in various fields and one of the fields is edutainment-based game. Edutainment-based game is a game designed to make the learning process become more fun. Among the edutainment gameplay genre such as tile-matching, action puzzles, traditional puzzle games, and hidden object. However, there are still a lack of edutainment gameplay that utilizes AR technology for hidden object game genre. The hidden object game in the market today does not use 3D scene as their background. Therefore, the objective of this project is to develop an AR edutainment game in 3D scene view by using hidden object puzzle genre. This edutainment game can be used as an alternative edutainment teaching aids in kindergarten and primary school. Playerâ€™s enjoyment is measured based on the evaluation of user acceptance level towards the gameplay, functionality and performance level. Results of user testing shows that 67% of the total respondents strongly agreed that this game is enjoying to be played. In addition, there are 53% of the respondents agreed that the game is stable when being played in a mobile device. Next, there are 67% of the respondents agreed that the presentation of the information and instruction are clear.
Exploratory Study of Kohonen Network for Human Health State Classification
Authors: Rahman Hamijah Mohd , Arbaiy Nureize , Che Lah Muhammad Shukeri , Hassan Norlida
Published: June 2018

Kohonen Network is an unsupervised learning which forms clusters from patterns that share common features and group similar patterns together. This network are commonly uses grids of artificial neurons which connected to all the inputs. This paper presents an exploratory study of Kohonen Neural Network to classify human health state. Neural Connection tool is used to generate the result based on Kohonen learning algorithm. Procedural steps are provided to assist the implementation of the Kohonen Network. The result shows that side 2 is more appropriate for this problem with efficient learning rate 1.0. It gives good distribution for training and test patterns. Study to the variation of datasetâ€™s size will be considered in the near future to evaluate the performance of the network.
Developing Context Awareness Mobile Application for Blood Donation
Authors: Sugijarto Dian Pradhana , Mukhtar Muriati , Safie Nurhizam , Sulaiman Riza
Published: June 2018

The implementation of context awareness in smartphones is getting broader. Through embedded sensors in smartphones, they are able to detect the deviceâ€™s location and communicate through radio frequency. By communicating through Near Field Communication (NFC), smartphones are able to read NFC tags in short distances to understand the context of the information. Developing a mobile application in the context of blood donation will allow the application to assist donors through the process of donation and improves the userâ€™s experience. The blood donation study is conducted at the National Blood Centre (NBC) in Malaysia. In developing the mobile application, the system architecture and development pattern were designed. The system architecture is presented to understand the requirements of implementing the application. The Model-View-Presenter (MVP) pattern was utilized to develop the application to ensure the development followed the standard procedure. The mobile application with the context awareness ability was evaluated through interviews with potential end users and the stakeholders of NBC. The evaluation resulted in positives responses and offered valuable feedbacks.
Venetian Hosts and Ottoman Guests in the Venedik Sarayı in Constantinople (c. 1670-1681)
Authors: Pedani Maria Pia
Published: June 2018

After the end of the Cretan war (1645-1669) and before the starting of the Morean war (1684-1699) Venetian diplomats settled again in Constantinople and in the Venetian Palace (Venedik Sarayı) that had been the embassy of the Republic for centuries. In this period baili and extraordinary ambassadors (ambasciatori straordinari) used to celebrate Venetian or Ottoman civic and religious festivals with dinners and parties. Their guests were above all other European diplomats and middle-ranking Ottoman officials. Some Turks, above all those who lived in the neighbourhood, contributed to the organisation of such events with their gifts and, in exchange, they received money or other presents. This paper aims to study the circulation of objects and commodities between Europe and the Ottoman Empire and, in particular, which kind of items were exchanged before or during official dinners held in the Venetian Palace or in the Venetian summer houses in Arnavutköy and Balta Liman. The Turks brought or sent mostly vegetables, flowers and different kind of food, while Venetians used to give to their guests not only the famous Venetian cloths but also unusual objects such as ivory boxes, gloves, brushes, glass sculptures, mirrors, fans, fake flowers and so on. The sources used for this research are the accounting books of the Venetian embassy for the years 1670-83.
Il Cairo: luoghi semi-ufficiali e personaggi eccentrici nei romanzi di Shalabī e Abū Julayyil
Authors: Dozio Cristina
Published: June 2018

Cairo is a constantly expanding and changing megalopolis, whose residents negotiate the binary oppositions of centre/periphery, development/poverty, and local/global. This paper investigates the literary representation of the Egyptian capital in four novels by Shalabī and Abū Julayyil published between 1981 and 2008. Firstly, it overviews recent scholarship about the literary geography of Cairo. Then, it examines the narrative techniques employed by Shalabī and Abū Julayyil to portray semi-official spaces, such as historical palaces now in decline, hash dens, shantytowns, and buildings on the verge of collapse. I argue that these spaces interact with the rest of the city, while developing a highly local culture, embodied by eccentric humorous characters.
Un ‘tiepido’ inverno riformatore
L’inizio del rinnovamento politico in Mongolia, 1989-1990
Authors: Vitti Emiliano
Published: June 2018

In the wake of the structural crisis that hit the European countries of the Soviet Block in the last months of 1989, also the Mongolian communist institutions knew the strong opposition of a part of the population against the state and political system represented by the People’s Republic of Mongolia, born in 1924 under the influence of the Bolshevik revolution. The aim of this paper is to analyse the evolution of the opposition movements to the regime, the actions implemented by the reformers and the government reactions in a tense political context that did not result in bloody repressions, but gave rise to a process of gradual political, economic and institutional change, which marked a decade of Mongolian history.
Bṛhaspati and the Barhaspatyas
Authors: Bhattacharya Ramkrishna
Published: June 2018

The name of Bṛhaspati is associated with the materialist doctrine in India. He is supposed to be the preceptor of the gods. It was in order to help them in their battle against the demons that he created the materialist doctrine and thereby deluded the demons. This story, Puranic in origin, can be traced back to a late Upaniṣad, Maitrī. However, the story given in the Viṣṇu Purāṇa and other sources does not contain anything specifically materialistic; all the heretical doctrines preached by Māyāmoha appear to be pre-existing; the Jains and the Buddhists are particularly mentioned, not the Lokāyatikas or the Cārvākas. More interestingly, in some other later sources, Bṛhaspati does not seem to be a god or a demi-god; he is as much a human as Kapila, Gautama and other founders of philosophical systems are. This trend of treating Bṛhaspati as a human is found in Kṛṣṇamiśra’s play, the Prabodhacandrodaya. He belongs to the camp of Kali. Whatever be the identity of Bṛhaspati, his attribution to materialism is inappropriate and has got nothing to do with the development of materialism in India.