bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problems of general practice-family medicine distance teaching at the undergraduate level and ways of their solution
Authors:   I.Ya. Gorbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Babinets LS
Published: August 2021

Topicality. Online-learning, which has become a requirement of the circumstances of the epidemiological situation in Ukraine, leads to a number of problems that have to be solved in this way, as far as possible, taking into account the real possibilities of logistics and staffing of the educational process. The aim is to analyze the main problems of distance learning of the discipline «general practice-family medicine» at the undergraduate level of higher medical education, as well as to suggest possible ways to solve them. Main part. The main problem of distance learning of the discipline «general practice-family medicine» is the lack of a real practical part of the lesson. An important stage in the work of a primary care physician at the present stage is the development of skills in working with the E-Health-system, which has become impossible online. An important disadvantage of distance learning is the lack of need for students and teachers to maintain the image of a professional form. A significant problem is the lack of practice by students of the skill of advising the patient with certain real problems and diseases, because each situation is personalized. There is also the problem of technical inconveniences when working online, which prevents the full development of the content of the lesson. The limited ability to work in groups with peers prevents you from feeling feedback from other participants in the learning process. In the context of distance learning, teachers should try to solve the above problems. At the departments that teach general practice-family medicine, it is necessary to ask students to work independently to consider interesting clinical situations of comorbid patients. Considering clinical situations, it is necessary to develop algorithms for comprehensive examination of patients in the outpatient phase, rational schemes of diagnosis and treatment, both protocol and adjuvant, as the medicine of the future must become more personalized, integrative and preventive, especially in the oup-patient. Conclusions: Today there is an urgent need to develop and implement in the educational process of distance learning programs that meet the best world standards and provide training for medical professionals at a high professional level. The use of the Internet provides the ability to quickly access the information resources of the institution and the ability to effectively interact «teacher-student», both online and off-line modes. It is necessary to work in such a way as to minimize the shortcomings of distance learning in the teaching of clinical disciplines. In addition, the deepening of knowledge about coronavirus infection, the basics of its epidemiology, clinic, treatment and prevention, in our opinion, will expand the possibilities of conducting classes in clinical disciplines in an off-line mode, but optimal effective distance learning will always be in demand.
Comparative study of some immunological parameters in case of intestinal parasitic invasion in student
Authors:   Azerbaijan Medical University, Mamedova Sh.F.
Published: August 2021

A total of 395 practically healthy students were under our supervision. The control group consisted of 22 healthy students matched by age and sex, without concomitant diseases. The students were between the 17-21. It was revealed in 49- giardiasis, in 46- ascariasis, in 26- enterobiosis, in 67-mixed parasitosis. The mixed group is divided into 4 subgroups: a) giardiasis + ascariasis b) giardiasis + enterobiosis c) giardiasis + ascariasis+ enterobiosis d) ascariasis+ enterobiosis. In addition to some immune parameters, the concentration of IgA, IgM, IgG, IgE was determined. The data, which showed the results of the studies, turned out to be lower: in the blood serum of İl-4, almost 4 times(5,6pg/ml) (р <0,05). Based on the data obtained, in can be concluded that intestinal parasitosis is a factor influencing the immune status of patients with parasitism. Intestinal parasitisms, in particular giardiasis, cause intestinal dysbiosis, inhibit the normal intestinal microflora and weaken the local immunity of the digestive tract, as a result of which conditionally pathogenic flora is activated and pathogenic microorganisms develop.
MA’ÂYIR AL-ADAWÂT AL-TAQWÎMIYAH LI AL-KITÂB AL-MADRASÎ LI AL-LUGHAH AL-‘ARABIYAH LI AL-INDÛNÎSIYÎN : DIRÂSAH BINÂIYAH TAKÂMULIYAH
Authors: Pransiska Toni , Widodo Sembodo Ardi
Published: August 2021

There are several problems regarding textbooks in Indonesia, especially Arabic textbooks. First, the procurement stage, such as the process of writing, obtaining texts, evaluating, and publishing. Second, the distribution stage such as access to textbooks, and purchasing power of textbooks. Third, the stage of the use of books which covers the confusion of teachers in using textbooks and the period of use of school books. The aspects of the evaluation of textbooks will be important in the future. Therefore, this research aims to construct instrumental assessment of arabic teaching books from national and international perspectives. This is important to do as an effort to obtain quality Arabic textbooks with international insight. This research uses a Research and Development (R & D) approach and content analysis. The results of this study show that the Arabic textbook assessment instrument made by the National Education Standards Agency (BSNP) and the American Council on Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) is still lacking because it does not accommodate all the points and basic elements contained in a Arabic textbooks as a Foreign language. So, the construction of a comprehensive integrated integrative Arabic textbook assessment instrument is absolutely necessary in order to obtain good and quality Arabic textbooks.
COMPILING VOCABULARY LISTS FOR CORPUS-BASED ARABIC FOR TOURISM TEACHING
Authors: Hendra Faisal , Rufaidah Mujahidah Fharieza
Published: August 2021

Arabic for Tourism is a course that can be facilitated with innovative teaching materials along with the availability of learning resources on the internet rich in vocabulary and terms typical to the field of Arabic tourism. Therefore, the use of Arabic tourism websites is an effective way to compile vocabulary lists. The articles published in this kind of websites can be collected to be used as a corpus, then processed using a corpus processing software, AntConc. This study used a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches with descriptive and comparative methods using a corpus linguistic approach. Teachers can take advantage of the features in this application to identify vocabularies commonly used in the world of tourism. These features are word frequency, concordance, collocation, and N-Gram. The results can be used as a reference in compiling an Arabic for Tourism vocabulary list.
Factors Related to Serious Safety Events in a Children’s Hospital Patient Safety Collaborative
Authors: Burrus Stephanie , Hall Matthew , Tooley Emily , Conrad Kate , Bettenhausen Jessica L. , Kemper Carol
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Serious safety events (SSEs) occur infrequently at individual hospitals, making it difficult to establish trends to improve patient care. Patient safety organizations, such as the Child Health Patient Safety Organization (CHILDPSO), can identify trends and support learning across children’s hospitals. We aim to describe longitudinal trends in SSE rates among CHILDPSO member hospitals and describe their sources of harm.

METHODS

SSEs from 44 children’s hospitals were assigned severity and reported to CHILDPSO from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2018. SSEs were classified into groups and subgroups based on analysis. Events were then tagged with up to 3 contributing factors. Subgroups with <5 events were excluded.

RESULTS

There were 22.5 million adjusted patient days included. The 12-month rolling average SSE rate per 10 000 adjusted patient days decreased from 0.71 to 0.41 (P < .001). There were 830 SSEs reported to CHILDPSO. The median hospital volume of SSEs was 12 events (interquartile range: 6–23), or ∼3 SSEs per year. Of the 830 events, 21.0% were high severity (SSE 1–3) and approximately two-thirds (67.0%, n = 610) were patient care management events, including subgroups of missed, delayed, or wrong diagnosis or treatment; medication errors; and suboptimal care coordination. The most common contributing factor was lack of situational awareness (17.9%, n = 382), which contributed to 1 in 5 (20%) high-severity SSEs.

CONCLUSIONS

Hospitals sharing SSE data through CHILDPSO have seen a decrease in SSEs. Patient care management was the most frequently seen. Future work should focus on investigation of contributing factors and risk mitigation strategies.
Restricting the Sale of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Flavors
Authors: Shah Shetal I. , Siddiqui Sara , Krief Eve Meltzer
Published: August 2021

Electronic nicotine delivery system use contributes to the epidemic of youth vaping. Regulations to curtail or prohibit the sale of flavored nicotine products aim to disrupt initiation of child nicotine use by reducing access to enticing nicotine flavorings. A total of 6 states and >300 localities have restricted or banned flavored nicotine product sales. In this case study, we outline the use of a localized town-based strategy, which offered 2 potential bills to incrementally restrict or prohibit sale of flavored vape products when county or state legislation was not politically feasible. Over the course of 18 months, these bills reduced the number of municipalities where these products could be sold or advertised until county, city, and statewide bans were effectively in place, ultimately making the passage of a bill in the statehouse palatable. Strong partnerships with officials who had expertise in local town government, local American Academy of Pediatrics chapter physician champions, and a diverse coalition were instrumental in motivating smaller governments, which often pass legislation faster than larger legislatures, to create child-protective tobacco policies.
Tensiones en la implementación de la Estrategia Entrelazando en el Sujeto de Reparación Colectiva de las veredas Hinche Alto e Hinche Bajo en el municipio de La Palma, Cundinamarca, en el marco de la Ley 1448 del 2011
Authors: Liberato López Angela Marcela , Rodriguez Suárez Miguel Antonio , Fajado Ramírez Laura Alejandra
Published: August 2021

En el marco de la ley 1448 del 2011, se formula la Estrategia Entrelazando como metodología de la medida de rehabilitación utilizada en la reparación colectiva en Colombia, es implementada por Unidad para la Atención y Reparación Integral a las Víctimas en el Sujeto de Reparación Colectiva de la Palma Cundinamarca, en las veredas Hinche Alto e Hinche Bajo. En el presente artículo, se disertará sobre las divergencias y convergencias que emergen en la implementación de la Estrategia Entrelazando a través de la instalación del discurso de poder estatal, burocrático y rígido; y, el discurso de poder del SRC de la Palma, impulsado desde el liderazgo femenino, el arraigo al territorio y la autonomía local.
El proyecto necropolítico en Colombia: Una reflexión desde el trabajo social sobre el asesinato sistemático de lideres sociales y defensores de derechos humanos
Authors: López Villamil Juan David
Published: August 2021

A partir de la firma de los acuerdos de paz entre el Estado colombiano y las FARC-EP se han disparado los asesinatos de lideres sociales y defensores de derechos humanos en el país, en este contexto surge el interés por reflexionar sobre las causas y objetivos de dicha práctica. Entonces se desarrolla un contexto histórico que inscribe la eliminación del otro en las coordenadas de la desigualdad social y la exclusión política, posteriormente desde el concepto de Necropolítica se explican las formas de instrumentalización de la muerte, para finalmente analizar los efectos de esta practica en el quehacer del trabajo social.
Entrevista com Joselia Aguiar
Authors: Nascimento Fábio Varela
Published: August 2021

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Fatigue due to compassion in health professionals and coping strategies: a scoping review
Authors: Jilou Vivian , Duarte Joyce Mara Gabriel , Gonçalves Rosa Helena Aparecida , Vieira Edson Elias , Simões Ana Lúcia de Assis
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the current state of knowledge on compassion fatigue in the work context of healthcare professionals; and how coping strategies are established in this scenario. Method: a scoping review with search applied to the databases: MEDLINE, LILACS, CINAHL, Scopus. Temporal limit: 2009 to 2019. The data was analyzed and synthesized in narrative form Results: thirty articles were selected, synthesized into two categories: a) Health work and compassion fatigue: conceptual analysis, context, and manifestations; b) Coping strategies for compassion fatigue. Conclusions: this study presented: a descriptive and general panorama about compassion fatigue in healthcare professionals, identifying a greater consolidation of the concept between 2015 and 2018; and some coping strategies. The association between health and spirituality is highlighted as one of the strategies in this scenario, enabling new research to be conducted in view of the importance of the theme in life, health work.
Factors associated with the homicides of women who are victims of violence
Authors: Barros Sheyla Carvalho de , Pimentel Dayane da Rocha , Oliveira Conceição Maria de , Bonfim Cristine Vieira do
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify factors associated with homicides in women who had prior notification of violence in the state of Pernambuco, 2011 to 2016. Methods: a transversal, quantitative and observational study, guided by the STROBE tool, with data of homicides of women obtained from the Mortality Information System; and of violence against women, from the Grievance Notification Information System. The logistic regression model was used to verify the factors associated with the homicides. Results: there were 32,308 cases of violence against women and 1,162 homicides. The chances of homicide were higher for women: victims of physical violence (2.39 times more), aggression by object of court (2.32 times more), aggression by firearm (6 times more), and when there was a recurrence of violence (3.82 times more). Conclusions: association of physical violence, agression by object of court, aggression by firearm, recurrence of violence with homicides of women in the state of Pernambuco was found.
Transcultural validation of an instrument to evaluate Advanced Nursing Practice competences in Brazil
Authors: Minosso Kamila Caroline , Toso Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to carry out a transcultural validation of the Modified Advanced Practice Nursing Role Delineation Tool for the Brazilian language. Methods: methodological and quantitative study, including the process of translation and cultural adaptation of the instrument. The committee of evaluators was formed by seven experts. Data collection for the pre-test took place from November 2020 to January 2021, with 30 nurses from the West of Paraná. Data analysis used Cronbach’s alpha, intraclass correlation, and kappa. Results: the agreement of the evaluator committee reached a substantial kappa of 0.68 and an intraclass correlation of 0.80, and as a result, the version for application in a pretest was approved. The pretest found a 0.98 Cronbach’s Alpha and an intraclass correlation of 0.61. Conclusions: the instrument was found to be culturally adapted and can be used in the country to identify the competences of the Primary Healthcare Nurses to develop advanced nursing practices.
Mapping of advanced practice nursing actions in the Family Health Strategy
Authors: Almeida Emerson Willian Santos de , Godoy Simone de , Silva Ítalo Rodolfo , Dias Orlene Veloso , Marchi-Alves Leila Maria , Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to map advanced practice nursing actions implemented in the Family Health Strategy context. Methods: cross-sectional exploratory study carried out with Family Health Strategy nurses. Data obtained in the mapping were compared to the characteristics that define advanced practice nurses and are adopted internationally by using a checklist based on the International Council of Nurses Guidelines. Results: the mapping allowed to identify advanced practice nursing actions, such as advanced assessment, judgement, decision-making, and diagnostic reasoning skills and authority to diagnose and prescribe medications, diagnostic testing, and therapeutic treatments. However, evidence found in the educational preparation domain indicated evident fragility, expressed as the low percentage of nurses credentialed with a professional master’s degree. Conclusions: the present study showed that nurses in the Family Health Strategy carry out advanced practice nursing actions without the professional master’s degree recommended for credentialing, with pertinent legislation, which requires initiatives to be taken by nursing leaders to overcome this deficiency.
A EMERGÊNCIA DA CULTURA VISUAL: ALGUNS ELEMENTOS DA MUTAÇÃO DO SUJEITO ARTE-EDUCATIVO
Authors: ZANETTI FERNANDO LUIZ
Published: August 2021

RESUMO: O presente artigo é parte de uma pesquisa que problematiza o encontro da arte com a educação no Brasil, nas últimas duas décadas. Pautados em procedimentos analíticos advindos do pensamento de Michel Foucault, buscaram-se delinear as condições de possibilidade da transição de um sujeito que possui, de acordo com Ana Mae Barbosa, proveniência em práticas como a do Canto Orfeônico, para um sujeito forjado na Cultura Visual. Trabalhou-se com uma extensa gama de artigos de revistas acadêmicas, as quais permitiram mapear um arquivo em que tais práticas se instituíram. Notou-se que tal transição, apesar de visar a um projeto emancipatório de mudança social, comunga absolutamente com os recentes modelos de controle social dos sujeitos da educação.
O FIO E A MISSANGA: PENSANDO A FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE A PARTIR DE NARRATIVAS DA EXPERIÊNCIA NA ALFABETIZAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS
Authors: OLIVEIRA DANIEL DE , ARAUJO MAIRCE
Published: August 2021

RESUMO: O presente artigo problematiza uma forma de compreensão da formação docente, que se dá nos atravessamentos cotidianos a partir de experiências (LARROSA) mobilizadas pelo exercício da docência. Metodologicamente optamos pela pesquisa narrativa e (auto)biográfica, na medida em que esse caminho nos possibilita falar com a escola e a partir da escola, ao invés de falar sobre a escola. O objetivo desse artigo é produzir reflexões que contribuam para o debate sobre essa perspectiva de formação que compreende a experiência como lócus privilegiado da formação docente e a narrativa docente como meio de refletir sobre o vivido na docência, o que nos permitiu compreender como o olhar do outro ajuda a nos formar. Trazemos aqui a narrativa de um processo de aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita, em uma turma de alfabetização da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), no município do Rio de Janeiro, envolvendo a produção de uma carta, no qual uma estudante e seu professor vivem a experiência do ensinaraprender como acontecimento (GERALDI), colocando questões sobre a teoriaprática alfabetizadora em curso nos cotidianos escolares. Ajudam na reflexão sobre o tema Freire (1996, 2014), Garcia e Alves (2002; 2012), Larrosa (2014) e Geraldi (2015). Na experiência aqui narrada, a relação dialógica entre uma estudante e seu professor, ao longo das aulas, nos permitiu perceber o que esses diálogos vividos revelavam sobre o processo de aprendizagem dessa estudante, ao mesmo tempo em que se constituiu também formativo para o professor.
FINANCIAMENTO PÚBLICO (FIES E PROUNI) PARA O ENSINO DE MEDICINA NO BRASIL: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA E AS DISTORÇÕES CRIADAS
Authors: NASSAR LEONARDO MASO , COUTO MARIA HELENA DA COSTA , PEREIRA JÚNIOR GERSON ALVES
Published: August 2021

RESUMO: As pressões da sociedade, após a expansão do ensino superior privado, resultou na criação do FIES e do PROUNI. Com o aumento do número de novas escolas de Medicina em decorrência da Lei do Programa Mais Médicos, novas pressões poderão ocorrer por conta de vagas ociosas, inadimplência dos estudantes ou redução dos incentivos govervanemtais. O objetivo deste artigo é mapear os estudos acerca do financiamento estudantil para o ensino superior no Brasil e realizar uma discussão relacionando os achados com a situação da graduação de medicina no Brasil. Utilizou-se como método a Scooping review do Joanna Briggs Institute com os descritores: financiamento governamental, privatização e instituições acadêmicas. 134 artigos foram encontrados para uma seleção final de 11 trabalhos. Os resultados evidenciaram a importância do auxílio governamental para a organizações privadas de ensino, incentivando a expansão do segmento. Para o ensino de Medicina, a expansão privada é motivo de alerta pela qualidade questionável de muitas instituições.
PÓS-DEMOCRACIA E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: PETRY CLERISTON
Published: August 2021

RESUMO: Apresento no artigo um estudo sobre as possibilidades educacionais num contexto “pós-democrático”. A “Pós-Democracia” repercute no Brasil pela ausência de limites aos poderes (econômico, político) que flexibiliza, mercantiliza e destrói direitos, no qual a violência perverte o espaço público invisibilizando e desumanizando os indesejáveis ao projeto neoliberal. Uma pesquisa em educação não pode negligenciar a relevância de investigar sobre o contexto em que ela acontece, ao mesmo tempo em que propõe alternativas que garantam sua especificidade. Nesse sentido, a partir da interpretação de autores fundamentais, estabeleci relações com base na plausibilidade e coerência dos argumentos em auxiliar-me na construção de respostas ao problema central. A educação, para fazer frente à “Pós-Democracia”, acontece privilegiadamente na escola, na qual os estudantes devem ter acesso à verdade e ao conhecimento (em contraposição à “Pós-verdade”), ao respeito aos limites (a verdade, o conhecimento, o mundo e os outros são limites ao narcisismo infantil e às perversões), à imposição de limites (a escola se torna um limite às injunções da família, da economia, da sociedade e da política), à introdução no “mundo” e ao aprendizado de valores democráticos.
Soil Water Uptake by Amazonian Trees and Simulation of Impacts on Energy Fluxes and Soil Moisture Dynamics at the LBA Flux Towers
Authors: Zanin Paulo Rodrigo
Published: August 2021

Abstract Observational and modeling studies show that a deeper soil water uptake by tree roots is required for evapotranspiration in the Amazon Basin. Therefore, this study performed three numerical modeling experiments with different depths of soil water uptake by Amazonian tree roots using the Eta/CPTEC regional climate model. In the “Control” and “Deep Soil Shallow Root” experiments the depth of soil water uptake by tree roots is set up with 2 m, while in the “Deep Soil Deep Root” experiment this depth is set up with 7.2 m, according to the observational studies. The energy balance at the LBA flux towers is better simulated in the “Deep Soil Deep Root” experiment than in other experiments. Moreover, with the “Deep Soil Deep Root” experiment the seasonality of evapotranspiration is reduced in the regions where there is strong seasonality of precipitation, while the seasonality of moisture is reduced in shallow soil layers and increases in the deeper soil layers. In addition, in the regions with strong seasonality of precipitation the deeper soil layers have an inter-annual hydrological memory, and in all regions the soil moisture memory is inversely related to the amount of precipitation, with different behaviors in each soil layer. In conclusion, the deeper soil water uptake by the Amazonian trees is important for the energy balance and soil moisture dynamics in the Amazon Basin.
Indicadores de Veranicos e de Distribuição de Chuva no Ceará e os Impactos na Agricultura de Sequeiro
Authors: Rocha Thaís Braga Carneiro , Vasconcelos Júnior Francisco das Chagas , Silveira Cleiton da Silva , Martins Eduardo Sávio Passos Rodrigues , Gonçalves Suellen Teixeira Nobre , Silva Emerson Mariano da , Alves José Maria Brabo , Sakamoto Meiry Sayuri
Published: August 2021

Resumo O Nordeste do Brasil apresenta acentuada variabilidade interanual da precipitação com alguns anos secos e outros chuvosos. Nessa região, ocorrem os veranicos, que são dias consecutivos com ausência de precipitação durante o período da estação chuvosa, que ocasionam perdas nas safras agrícolas. O presente artigo tem como objetivo utilizar um indicador de veranicos já estabelecido por outros autores e identificar sua relação com o índice de Distribuição de Chuva e regionalizar de acordo com as macrorregiões do estado, bem como, compreender as possíveis consequências, de forma qualitativa e quantitativa, sobre as perdas de safra no Ceará. A área de estudo compreendeu o estado do Ceará e as análises foram realizadas para o período de 1980 a 2018.A partir dos dados de rendimento do IBGE, foram calculadas as perdas das culturas do milho e feijão, e através dos resultados pode-se inferir que: as correlações realizadas com os dados de perdas de safra, veranicos e o IDC evidenciaram que para a maior parte do estado existe correlação direta, ou seja, quanto maior a frequência de eventos de veranicos maior a perda de safra. Além disso, verificou-se que, quando há uma melhor distribuição da precipitação ao longo das regiões do estado ocorre menor perda de safra.
Physical, biochemical, and sensory properties of strawberries grown in high-altitude tropical climate
Authors: Pinheiro Débora Fernandes , Resende Juliano Tadeu Vilela de , Constantino Leonel Vinicius , Hata Fernando Teruhiko , Hata Natália Norika Yassunaka , Lustosa Sebastião Brasil Campos
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT New cultivars generated each year by international breeding programs enter the Brazilian market. These cultivars need to be tested for their adaptation to the climate in each environment due to the great variety of climates that exist in the country. Strawberry is a highly appreciated fruit due to its biochemical and sensory characteristics and is considered the most important berry. The objective of this study was to determine the physical, biochemical, and sensory properties by performing a sensory evaluation of strawberry fruits, commercially cultivated in the South Minas Gerais region, which is characterized by high-altitude tropical climates. Data were analyzed, and statistical parameters were generated using the principal component analysis (PCA), heat maps, and dendrograms to determine the genetic profile of each cultivar, as well as their relationship. The treatments and analyzed variables were divided into four groups based on the UPGMA method. Considering breeding programs aiming to identify and select strawberries genotypes with better biochemical properties, group III (‘Albion’ and ‘Oso Grande’) was selected due to its high DPPH antioxidant activity, intermediate anthocyanin content, and total phenolic compounds. The Albion cultivar showed excellent biochemical attributes, especially with regard to the levels of glucose, fructose, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity (FRAP and DPPH). Based on the hierarchical grouping and sensorial quality of fruits, the Camarosa cultivar had the lowest scores for most of the sensory attributes evaluated. Minas-C and Oso Grande cultivars presented the highest scores for all the evaluated attributes, including overall acceptance, aroma, color, and purchase intention.
Thermal comfort of beef cattle in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Cesca Rafaela Silva , Santos Rodrigo Couto , Goes Rafael Henrique de Tonissi e Buschinelli de , Favarim Ana Paula Cassaro , Oliveira Mario Sergio Garutti de , Silva Natália Coimbra da
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Evaluation of the comfort and animal welfare parameters enables determining the best environmental conditions for livestock creation. The present study was aimed to determine the thermal comfort index for beef cattle using interpolation techniques for the State of Mato Grosso do Sul during extreme summer and winter seasons for a period of 10 years. The analysis was performed on the climatic variables data provided by the National Institute of Meteorology, Brazil. The maximum (THImax) and minimum (THImin) temperature and humidity indices (THIs) of 28 weather stations distributed across the state were calculated, and the thematic maps of the THIs (maximum and minimum) calculated for the summer and winter seasons were prepared. The results revealed a state of emergency in the two largest animal-producing cities in the state; namely, Corumbá and Ribas do Rio Pardo, while two other cities, Chapadão do Sul and Costa Rica emerged as favorable regions for the production of beef cattle. The Spline method used in the present study, therefore, proved to be a suitable tool for analyzing a small number of weather stations distributed over a large territorial area.
Insegurança alimentar e fatores sociais, econômicos e nutricionais em estudantes de escolas rurais
Authors: Bueno Marilene Cassel , Franco Jaquieli Gruhm , da Silva Leal Greisse Viero , Kirsten Vanessa Ramos
Published: August 2021

Resumo Introdução Segurança alimentar é definida por lei e refere-se ao acesso a alimentos de qualidade e em quantidade suficiente. Objetivo Avaliar a insegurança alimentar e sua relação com a classe econômica, o programa de transferência de renda e o estado nutricional de estudantes de escolas rurais. Método Estudo transversal, com estudantes de escolas rurais, que utilizou a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar e a classificação socioeconômica da Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa. O estado nutricional foi avaliado por meio do Índice de Massa Corporal e do índice Estatura para Idade. Resultados Foram avaliadas 121 famílias com 157 crianças e adolescentes, das quais 57,9% se encontravam em insegurança alimentar e 46,3% eram beneficiárias do Programa Bolsa Família. As famílias de classes socioeconômicas mais baixas estiveram relacionadas com a insegurança alimentar (p < 0,0001). As famílias participantes do Programa Bolsa Família obtiveram maior prevalência de insegurança alimentar (p < 0,0001). Ao avaliar o estado nutricional, foram encontrados altos percentuais de obesidade em crianças (19,7%) e adolescentes (22,9%). Conclusão As famílias rurais avaliadas apresentaram alta prevalência de insegurança alimentar relacionada com a menor classe socioeconômica e a participação do Programa Bolsa Família.
Mentoria virtual para estudantes de medicina em tempos de covid-19
Authors: Rios Izabel Cristina , Medeiros Junior Martim Elviro de , Fernandes Maria Teresa de Almeida , Zombini Edson Vanderlei , Pacheco Maira Kassabian Oliveira , Mascarenhas Elcio Gomes , Azuma Joselita Batista , Vital Junior Pedro Felix
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Introduction: Throughout the SARS-COV-2 pandemic, schools had to adopt social distancing and remote learning, which, according to recent studies suggest an increase in depression, anxiety and behavioral disorders among university students. Medical training, which has a heavy load of psychological issues had to face this aggravating factor, reinforcing the need for support actions for students, such as mentoring programs. Mentoring programs offer empathetic and developmental support that encourages self-care, well-being and resilience. Experience report: A group of teacher-mentors from a medical school adapted the mentoring activities to a remote model, offering them to upper-level students who had already participated in mentoring, and, separately, to students who were newly enrolled in the medical course. In the remote format, the mentoring proposal was maintained as a “place of conversation”, but on a digital platform. The technical follow-up was carried out by remote meetings of the group of teacher-mentors, and consultation with students through a self-administered online questionnaire. The data obtained were submitted to content analysis. Discussion: From March to December, 109 virtual mentoring meetings were held. The students considered the meetings satisfactory in terms of the quality of discussions, the mentors’ attitudes and the emotional environment. The interactive development varied among groups, but it was observed to be easier in the groups of upper-level students. Among the newly-enrolled students, the recurring topic was the fear of poor performance in the tests, losing the semester, or not learning. Upper-level students highlighted the difficulties of adapting to remote learning and organizing their activities, and the decrease in practical activities. All groups reported fear of the pandemic, of death, of the worsening of parents’ financial situation, and sadness about the loss of relatives to COVID-19. It drew the attention of the mentors the fact that the students, even in a welcoming space, kept the cameras turned off. Conclusion: For mentors and students, virtual mentoring worked as an important student support system. Upper-level students and first-year ones reported feeling cared for, supported and grateful, suggesting that the meetings allowed a good interaction and produced beneficial effects. A limitation of this study was the duration of the experiment. Therefore, it is recommended that the research be maintained.
Educação Ambiental Pós-Crítica como Possibilidade para Práticas Educativas Mais Sensíveis
Authors: Iared Valéria Ghisloti , Hofstatter Lakshmi Juliane Vallim , Tullio Ariane Di , Oliveira Haydée Torres de
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O manuscrito apresenta contribuições da sensibilidade na criação de vínculos afetivos e engajamento nas temáticas ambientais. Os argumentos foram construídos a partir da análise de conteúdo de três pesquisas de doutorado, nas quais os resultados apresentaram dados que permitiram reflexões convergentes: I) vivências na natureza durante a infância, II) vivências e vinculações afetivas aos lugares e momentos, III) experiência estética/sensorial no meio ambiente. Concluímos argumentando pela relevância de uma virada ontológica na pesquisa e no aprofundamento de estudos que investiguem a interface entre as novas epistemologias ecológicas e a educação ambiental.
A Relação Público-Privada na Oferta da Educação Infantil em Porto Alegre
Authors: Peroni Vera Maria Vidal , Susin Maria Otilia Kroeff , Montano Monique
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O artigo apresenta a pesquisa sobre a parceria do poder público com instituições da sociedade civil para a oferta de educação infantil, no município de Porto Alegre, capital do Rio Grande do Sul, no período de 2017 a 2019. O referencial teórico-metodológico consultado parte da materialização do Estado, em um processo de correlação de forças, construídas historicamente por sujeitos que demandam políticas públicas. Constatou-se o incremento do setor privado na oferta e execução da política municipal de educação infantil, com implicações para a democratização do acesso e do atendimento das crianças. Assim, o direito à educação infantil não se concretiza plenamente, fortalecendo as desigualdades em uma sociedade de classes.
Plasticidade neuronal da via auditiva em crianças com transtorno dos sons da fala: estudo dos Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Longa Latência
Authors: Luna Amanda Cristina , Silva Liliane Aparecida Fagundes , Barrozo Tatiane Faria , Leite Renata Aparecida , Wertzner Haydée Fiszbein , Matas Carla Gentile
Published: August 2021

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os achados dos Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Longa Latência (PEALL) em crianças com Transtorno dos Sons na Fala (TSF) após terapia fonoaudiológica. Método Estudo clínico longitudinal e prospectivo em um grupo de 14 crianças com TSF, de cinco a sete anos de idade, de ambos os sexos. Foram aplicadas as provas de Nomeação de Figuras e Imitação de palavras, para as quais foi calculado o índice de gravidade Porcentagem de Consoantes Corretas. Foram registrados os PEALL com estímulo de fala e foram analisados os valores de latência e amplitude dos componentes P1, N1, P2, N2 e P3. Cada criança foi avaliada em dois diferentes momentos: avaliação inicial e após 12 sessões de terapia fonoaudiológica. Resultados Os resultados mostraram que após terapia fonoaudiológica, o valor do índice de gravidade Porcentagem de Consoantes Corretas aumentou e um maior número de componentes foi observado nos registros dos PEALL nas crianças com TSF. Também foi observado um aumento estatisticamente significativo na amplitude do componente P3, demostrando que modificações anatomofisiológicas ocorreram no sistema nervoso auditivo central após intervenção, proporcionando melhora nos resultados dos PEALL. Conclusão Após terapia fonoaudiológica, foi observada melhora no desempenho fonológico das crianças, aumento no número de componentes presentes nos PEALL, bem como aumento na amplitude do componente P3, demonstrando que ocorreu plasticidade na via auditiva após um curto período de intervenção fonoaudiológica.
Externalidades Positivas ou Efeitos Excludentes? Integração Socioeconômica de Três Bairros Populares em Salvador em relação aos seus Condomínios Vizinhos de Elite
Authors: Treuke Stephan
Published: August 2021

RESUMO A recente transformação espacial das regiões periféricas das cidades latinoamericanas induzida pela construção de condomínios fechados de elite instigou a discussão se este desdobramento favorece a integração socioeconômica das camadas baixas. Visando contribuir a um debate ainda incipiente no Brasil, neste trabalho indaga-se sob quais condições o efeito-território, acometendo as populações dos bairros Calabar, Bate Facho e Vila Verde – Salvador, Brasil – se vê mitigado pela proximidade aos condomínios de elite. À base de entrevistas, identificam-se três mecanismos – as alterações no sistema de suporte, o impacto do crime e a estigmatização da população – que explicam a variabilidade do efeito-território nestes três locais. Discute-se que as oportunidades de participação socioeconômica do indivíduo vis-à-vis seu entorno geográfico estão condicionadas à existência de espaços públicos e ao impacto do crime. O efeito mitigador das externalidades positivas declina nos bairros periféricos Bate Facho e Vila Verde, onde os condomínios fechados fisicamente isolados produzem efeitos excludentes.
Mineralization of pig slurry compost treated with retorted oil shale and dicyandiamide in two contrasting soils
Authors: Monteiro Luanna Corrêa , Aita Celso , Schirmann Janquieli , Pujo Stefen Barbosa , Giacomini Diego Antônio , Paust Kathleen da Silva , Silveira Carlos Augusto Posser , Giacomini Sandro José
Published: August 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate carbon and nitrogen mineralization in the soil after the application of composts produced in an automated composting plant, using pig slurry (PS) with and without the addition of retorted oil shale (ROS) and dicyandiamide (DCD) during composting. Laboratory studies were carried out for 180 days on two soils with contrasting characteristics: sandy-loam Typic Paludalf and clay Rhodic Hapludox, which were managed for more than 10 years under a no-tillage system. The composts were thoroughly mixed with the soils. The mineralization of the C and N from the compost was evaluated by measuring continuously CO2 emissions and periodically mineral N (NH4+ + NO3-) content in the soils, respectively. The mineralization of the C from the compost without ROS and DCD was higher in the sandy-loam soil (20.5%) than in the clay soil (13.9%). Similarly, 19.4% of the total N from the compost was mineralized in the sandy-loam soil and 10.9% in the clay soil. The presence of ROS in the compost reduced C mineralization by 54%, compared with the treatment without additives, in the sandy-loam soil and caused net N immobilization in both soils during incubation. The addition of DCD during PS composting did not affect the mineralization of the C and N from the compost in both soils. The addition of ROS during the composting of PS favors the retention of the C from the compost in the soil, especially in the sandy-loam one, but results in a net N immobilization.
Biological solubilization of phosphate rock by solid-state cultivation to produce eco-friendly fertilizers
Authors: Klaic Rodrigo , Gava Junior Marcelo , Florencio Camila , Ribeiro Caue , Farinas Cristiane Sanchez
Published: August 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the solubilization of phosphorus from a phosphate rock by Aspergillus niger, under solid-state cultivation (SSC) in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse, by maximizing the efficiency of citric acid production. The phosphate rock (IPR) chosen for the study is a type of igneous rock with a very low phosphorus solubility, obtained from the Itafós company, in Arraias, in the state of Tocantins, Brazil. The rotatable central composite design (RCCD) was used as a statistical tool to evaluate the effect of the concentrations of the carbon source (sucrose) and of the IPR on the SSC medium as a strategy to improve P solubilization. In the process without the IPR, there was a citric acid production of up to 300 g per kilogram of substrate. The experiments in the RCCD showed that the addition of the IPR affected citric acid production, with values of solubilized P ranging from 1.44 to 2.72 g per kilogram of substrate and of solubilized P yield from 12.96 to 48.94%. The analysis of the solubilized P/sucrose ratio showed favorable conditions for P solubilization and citric acid production. The obtained solubilized P values are promising considering that the IPR has a very low solubilization, with only 8.6% P2O5. Overall, these findings could contribute to the development of biotechnological processes for producing eco-friendly phosphate fertilizers, as an alternative for a more sustainable agriculture.
Ecotoxicological assessment of silicate rock fertilizers using soil invertebrates
Authors: Niva Cintia Carla , Segat Julia Cora , Baretta Dilmar , Baretta Carolina Riviera Duarte Maluche , Oliveira Maria Inês Lopes de , Fialho Arlini Rodrigues , Marchi Giuliano , Martins Éder de Souza
Published: August 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the possible adverse effects of rock dusts on the avoidance behavior of earthworms and collembolans, as well as on the survival and reproduction of enchytraeids, in ecotoxicological tests using artificial and natural soils. The tests were performed following international guidelines (ISO 17512-2/2011, ISO 11267/1999, and NBR ISO 16387/2012), with some adaptations, in order to evaluate the effect of dusts from two silicate rocks, biotite schist and phonolite, at the concentrations of 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, and 100%, in artificial and natural (Arenosol and Ferralsol) soils. The avoidance behavior of the earthworm Eisenia andrei and the collembolan Folsomia candida was evaluated, as well as the survival and reproduction of the enchytraeid Enchytraeus sp. Biotite schist and phonolite affected negatively earthworms when applied to the soil at concentrations equal to or higher than 1.0%. The observed effect was associated to the greater presence of salts, especially in the phonolite, and to changes in soil texture when higher concentrations were used. Negative effects on collembolans and enchytraeids were verified at concentrations of 10% or using pure rock dusts. Agronomic rates smaller than 1.0% (approximately 20 Mg ha-1) rock dusts do not cause avoidance behavior or reduction in the survival and reproduction of invertebrates in the soil.
Physiological changes in soybean cultivated with soil remineralizer in the Cerrado under variable water regimes
Authors: Pereira Lucas Felisberto , Ribeiro Junior Walter Quadros , Ramos Maria Lucrécia Gerosa , Santos Nicolas Zendonadi dos , Soares Guilherme Filgueiras , Casari Raphael Augusto das Chagas Noqueli , Muller Onno , Tavares Cássio Jardim , Martins Éder de Souza , Rascher Uwe , Guimarães Cristiane Andréa de Lima , Pereira André Ferreira , Mertz-Henning Liliane Márcia , Sousa Carlos Antonio Ferreira de
Published: August 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the soil remineralizer fine-graded mica schist (FMS) on soybean (Glycine max) physiology, yield, and grain quality under different water regimes (WRs) in the Brazilian Cerrado. The experiment was conducted under field conditions for two years, using four WRs and three treatments: mica schist, conventional fertilization, and control. In 2017 and 2018, the following WRs were evaluated: WR1, WR2, WR3, and WR4, corresponding to a mean value of 100, 65, 44, and 28% of crop evapotranspiration replacement, respectively. Photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, effective quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (Fv’/Fm’), quantum yield (PSII) (ᶲFSII), and electron transport rate reduced as a function of the advanced phenological stage of soybean and the reduction in WR. Grain quality was only affected by the WR. The mica schist was statistically similar to conventional fertilization and the control in 2017 and 2018. Yield decreased due to the anticipation of soybean phenological age and WR, but there were no differences between the three treatments in 2017 and 2018. The reduction in soybean yield is attributed to stomatal closure, loss of photoprotective capacity, and damage to the photosynthetic machinery caused by drought.
Social value, infrastructure and stakeholder engagement: a complex triangle
Authors: Fitton Sarah , Moncaster Alice
Published: August 2021

Infrastructure is critical for the economic and social prosperity of society. Some large infrastructure projects are also critical for the future of society due to their intergenerational nature and long lifespan. Understanding the social value of infrastructure is therefore important to deliver a socially successful as well as technically successful project. Stakeholder engagement, in turn, is critical in understanding and identifying social value; however, the strength of this relationship is often underestimated during project development. The impact of this underestimation can be detrimental to a project. Using the case study of the Didsbury Flood Storage Basin Improvements Scheme in Greater Manchester, UK, this paper demonstrates how the stakeholder engagement process is intrinsically linked to social value preservation, creation and enhancement on infrastructure projects. It is argued that by investing time, resources and money in the stakeholder engagement process, the social value creation and enhancement on a project can be significant. If this investment is missing on a project, the social value perceived to be received by stakeholders diminishes. Therefore, this paper calls for a greater understanding of the interdependency between the stakeholder engagement process and social value, and a need for an appreciation of this relationship within the infrastructure sector.