bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financial evaluation
Authors: Shipp Travis
Published: October 2006

Because Program evaluation entails both financial and nonfinancial information, a rationale for jnancial analysis is presented to help administrators combine conclusions with the value judgments that are inescapably interrelated.
Educational materials for teaching adults
Authors: Meierhenry Wesley C.
Published: October 2006

The use of various materials is necessary if all instructional goals and objectives are to be realized by all learners. Decisions about the nature and types of resources to be used should reflect consideration of a number of factors.
Designing instructional media for attitudinal outcomes
Authors: Simonson Michael R.
Published: October 2006

There is no best medium for producing attitudinal outcomes, but there is probably a best approach for maximizing desirable outcomes in a specific situation.
Computers and materials for teaching adults problem solving
Authors: Thomas Rex A.
Published: October 2006

Educators have only superficially tapped computers as a source of learning materials, yet the computer is inherently a high‐level, personalized learning environment.
Self‐assessment in educational programs for adults
Authors: Goldman Leo
Published: October 2006

The point of self‐assessment is to have a clearer sense of purpose and a renewed commitment to live an effective and satisfying life.
Merging instructional technology with management practices
Authors: Chellino Susan N. , Walker Richard J.
Published: October 2006

To ensure improved peformance and achieve organizational results, practitioners in industry must extend their eforts beyond the classroom to the workphce.
Military education and training
Authors: Larson Gordon
Published: October 2006

In the armed services, the dgerences between training and education have implications for training evaluation.
Training for effective collaborative learning
Authors: McKinley John
Published: October 2006

Collaborative learning begins as a coojmative process of exploring a subject of common concern, but itJourishes only when we help each other to struggle with ourselves to attain new insights.
State‐of‐consciousness psychology and learning capacity
Authors: Roberts Thomas B.
Published: October 2006

What do biofeedback, mediation, psychedelics, and the related psychotechnologies say about human nature, and what new prospects do they offer continuing education?
Changing students' approaches to study through classroom exercises
Authors: Gibbs Graham
Published: October 2006

To help students learn more flectively involves more than improvement of their study techniques. Their approaches to study tasks may be constrained their concepts of learning. How can their understanding be enhanced?
Self‐directed learning: A critical review of research
Authors: Brookfield Stephen
Published: October 2006

Self‐directed learning comprises a major area of research and theory in adult education, yet the studies conducted have a culture‐ and class‐specific level of generalizability.
A critical theory of self‐directed learning
Authors: Mezirow Jack
Published: October 2006

Becoming critically aware of what has been taken for granted about one's own learning is the key to self‐directedness.
Enhancing participation through the nominal group technique
Authors: Vedros Kathy R.
Published: October 2006

The nominal group technique provides a structured process that enables adults to participate in planning their learning activities.
Evaluating continuing professional education
Authors: Knox Alan B.
Published: October 2006

A realistic approach to program evaluation can enhance the quality of continuing educators' decision making.
Adult institutional provision
Authors: Jing Fang , Zhuomin Gao
Published: October 2006

Adult schools have different missions: general studies and scientific knowledge, professional technology, or art and cultural life.
Ingredients of successful programming
Authors: Lewis Linda H.
Published: October 2006

When indiuidual support is boosted by institutional commitment, reentry women reap maximum benefits.
Developments in continuing education in the professions
Authors: Welsh Linda
Published: October 2006

Professional bodies are the rnouing force behind the expansion of continuing professional education in the United Kingdom.
How to avoid negative reactions to programs
Authors: Simerly Robert G.
Published: October 2006

Understanding the most common mistakes that lead to negative reactions to programs can help us plan more satisfying learning experiences.
Understanding the application of learning
Authors: Kemerer Richard W.
Published: October 2006

Understanding why learning is not applied in participants' natural environments can lead to the design of more effective education and training programs.
Aspects of effective learning environments
Authors: Hiemstra Roger
Published: October 2006

This chapter describes a personal journey to a working definition of learning environments and suggests how ingrained views of these environments can be changed when they impede the learning process.
Professional development, artistry, and style
Authors: Brockett Ralph G.
Published: October 2006

Professional development is vital to a vision for the future of adult and continuing education.
An institutional history of certificate programs at George Washington University
Authors: Smith Abbie O.
Published: October 2006

The development of career certificate programs at George Washington University highlights one institution's pioneering efforts.
Adult learning: Where have we come from? where are we headed?
Authors: Merriam Sharan B.
Published: October 2006

Early efforts to understand how adults learn were by psychologists who studied learning in general; adult educators then joined in. Recently, other perspectives have been developed to help us understand adult learning.
Choosing to be a consultant: This is a living?
Authors: Zachary Lois J.
Published: October 2006

The author's reflections on personal diary entries describe everyday struggles, concerns, and issues that confront adult education consultants.
Sculpting the learning organization: Consulting using action technologies
Authors: Watkins Karen E. , Marsick Victoria J.
Published: October 2006

Strategies and dilemmas of adult education consultants who use action technologies to build learning organzations are outlined and illustrated.
Global and analytical ways of processing information
Authors: Flannery Daniele D.
Published: October 2006

To be a successful learner in the twenty‐first century, one must be adept at processing information both globally and analytically.
Memory is not only about storage
Authors: Huber Kay L.
Published: October 2006

The structural model of human memory and its major processing operations are linked with their application to teaching and learning.
Review and critique of available learning‐style instruments for adults
Authors: James Waynne B. , Blank William E.
Published: October 2006

Learning‐style instruments have specific purposes and certain limitations.
Giving voice: An inclusive model of instruction—a womanist perspective
Authors: Sheared Vanessa
Published: October 2006

Marginalization occurs when one person's views are valued and voiced at the sociopolitical and historical expense of others. Understanding the individual's polyrhythmic reality gives us a way of giving voice to the multiple and varied realities found in the classroom.
Developing a personal and professional agenda for change
Authors: Hayes Elisabeth
Published: October 2006

Eliminating racism and sexism requires strategies for personal and professional change.
Issues and challenges confronting mentoring
Authors: Galbraith Michael W. , Cohen Norman H.
Published: October 2006

An understanding of vexing issues and challenges is a foundation for advancing practice and research about the mentoring process.
Community and computer‐generated distance learning environments
Authors: Cook Dale L.
Published: October 2006

This chapter offers techniques for creating a learning community in cyberspace.
Negotiating between competing interests in planning continuing medical education
Authors: MacLean Roger G.
Published: October 2006

Program planners need to be aware of the purpose of continuing professional education in their organization and the organization's expectations for it. One purpose that continuing medical education may serve is to expand the clinical practice of an institution by generating patient referrals from community‐based primary care physicians.
Learning from practice: Learning to see what matters in program planning
Authors: Wilson Arthur L. , Cervero Ronald M.
Published: October 2006

Planning responsibly requires educators to learn to read situations in terms of power relations and interests.
Women in family literacy programs: A gendered perspective
Authors: Cuban Sondra , Hayes Elisabeth
Published: October 2006

What do women participants in family literacy programs want and need? Little attention has been given to these women's dream of an education for themselves as well as their children.
Voices from the fields: Community‐based migrant education
Authors: Velázquez Loida C.
Published: October 2006

An exploration of the complex interaction of factors that shapes migrant adults' participation in Adult Basic Education programs leads to recommendations for effectively meeting migrant farmworkers' educational needs.
Popular education: An appropriate educational strategy for community‐based organizations
Authors: Beder Hal
Published: October 2006

Advice for establishing popular education programs, an adult education strategy particularly relevant to community‐based organizations, rests on an understanding of the components of popular education and how they function.
Group learning in adult education: Its historical roots
Authors: Rose Amy D.
Published: October 2006

Education in groups has a long history in American adult education. Modern adult education has reinvigorated the original emphasis on social change through groups.
Constructing group learning
Authors: Heimlich Joe E.
Published: October 2006

The author explores methods used with groups and discusses the process of constructing activities that focus on group learning.
Part four: Should practitioners educating adults in the workplace be credentialed?. Human resource development practitioners should resist professional licensing
Authors: Gilley Jerry W.
Published: October 2006

There are compelling reasons why people who are involved in facilitating workplace learning should resist efforts toward professional licensing.
Mechanismus der polarographischen Reduktion des Nitrazepams. 8. Mitt.: Arzneimittelanalysen mittels Polarographie oder Oszillopolarographie
Authors: Oelschläger H. , Volke J. , Lim G. T.
Published: October 2006

Nitrazepam wird in Abhängigkeit vom pH‐Wert der Pufferlösungen an der Quecksilbertropfelektrode in verschieden großen Stufen reduziert. Mit Hilfe des Amel‐Potentiostaten, der durch einfaches Umschalten die polarographische Kontrolle des Elektrolyseprozesses ermöglicht, gelang die Aufklärung der den Stufen zugrunde liegenden Reaktionsmechanismen. In sauren Puffern wird zunächst die Nitrogruppe des Nitrazepams zur Hydroxylamingruppe reduziert, und bei negativerem Potential folgt in einer additiven Stufe die Reduktion der protonierten Hydroxylaminogruppe und der Azomethingruppe (4, 5). In alkalischen Puffern ist die negativere Reduktionsstufe nur halb so groß wie die erste Reduktionsstufe, weil infolge unzureichender Hydroxoniumionen‐Konzentration in der Grundlösung die NHOH‐Gruppe nicht protoniert und daher nur noch die Azomethingruppe bei negativerem Potential reduziert wird.
Raumerfüllung und Acidität bei Amindehydrierungen
Authors: Möhrle H. , Gundlach P.
Published: October 2006

Untersuchungen bezüglich des üblichen Essigsäurezusatzes bei der Dehydrierung von Aminen ergeben dessen Entbehrlichkeit.

Dehydrierungsversuche an sterisch stark gehinderten Aminen zeigen, daß die Raumerfüllung des quecksilberorganischen Restes in der Grüßenordnung einer Methylgruppe liegt.
Student financial aid
Authors: Harris Major L.
Published: October 2006

The administration, sources, and distribution of grants and loans at one college are described in detail.
Unfilled promises of federal aid
Authors: Morrow John
Published: October 2006

Most everyone is still looking to the federal government for fiscal relief, but it is probably the most complicated and unpredictable of sources.
The nontraditional young adult student
Authors: Robbins William A.
Published: October 2006

Three types of students are expected to return to community colleges to resume their interrupted education: alienated drop‐outs, stop‐outs, and shoved‐outs.
The new meaning of postsecondary education
Authors: Cosand Joseph P.
Published: October 2006

Changes in federal policy regarding postsecondary and career education will require adaptability of community colleges and cooperation with other institutions.
A state educational and manpower forecasting model for community college planners
Authors: Finch Harold I.
Published: October 2006

Community colleges could use a forecasting model to better match manpower supply to demands, as institutions in Kansas have done.
Some educational parameters for the energy equation: A case study
Authors: Aley Tilghman H. , Reitz Richard
Published: October 2006

This case study relates how Casper College in Wyoming responded creatively to the prospect of an endowment and evolved the plans for an environmentally relevant energy institute.
Public service education programs
Authors: Denure Mary E.
Published: October 2006

Education for public service programs is a good example of the successful fusion of traditional vocational and academic disciplines.
Try it, you'LL like it—business simulation, that is
Authors: Sprick Warren J.
Published: October 2006

Role‐playing can be an effective learning technique, particularly in education for business, where personal interaction is so important.
Participation exercises in a psychology course
Authors: Brender Myron
Published: October 2006

Suggestions for student activity with the material of a course.
Introducing students to poetry
Authors: Carnicelli Thomas A.
Published: October 2006

Specific exercises focusing on only one aspect of poetry at a time can help alleviate students' fears and give them a measure of creative involvement.
United states history: The neanderthal of the community college curriculum?
Authors: Millington William G. , Pelsinger Myron G.
Published: October 2006

A dialogue about history teaching becomes, indirectly, a discussion of the liberal arts in general.
Further information and assistance
Authors: Purdy Leslie
Published: October 2006

Additional resources on community college instruction, supplied by the ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges.
Community colleges should not go it alone
Authors: Priest Bill J.
Published: October 2006

Though the colleges might like to retain their independent stance, they will benefit by exchanging information and cooperating in noncompetitive areas.
Coordination: The Florida pattern
Authors: Henderson Lee G.
Published: October 2006

A maximum of local control, with state planning, coordination, and financial support for community colleges, and a single Department of Education for all public education are features of the Florida pattern of coordination.
The need to coordinate research and data collection
Authors: Wellman Fred I.
Published: October 2006

Coordinated data collection and use are needed to improve management, increase accountability, meet demands for information, and prevent havoc in administering cooperative ventures.
Further information and assistance
Authors: Bloom Janet , Frankel Joanne
Published: October 2006

Additional resources on state coordination, supplied by the ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges.
The elephant as a hurdler
Authors: Mirkin Melvin J.
Published: October 2006

The miscellany of functions under the community college umbrella might be better performed by new organizations with different names.
World community college: A 20:20 vision
Authors: Eskow Seymour , Caffrey John
Published: October 2006

Tomorrow's college achieves a balance between local roots and a sense of world community.
Instructional development: Lessons learned
Authors: Carmichael John H.
Published: October 2006

A practitioner “on the battlefield of learning” gives practical assistance in overcoming the barriers to faculty involvement, organizing staff, and creating an effective reward system for faculty.
Exploiting learning resources: A team approach
Authors: Terwilliger Gloria
Published: October 2006

Through the synthesis of multiple expertise, instructors and learning resource center staff specialists can offer students multidimensional learning experiences.
Copyright and ownership of college‐developed materials
Authors: Voegel George H. , Fisher Marshall
Published: October 2006

How William Rainey Harper College has developed policies on copyright and ownership of home‐grown materials.
Some value considerations
Authors: Voegel George H.
Published: October 2006

Concluding comments on some recurrent issues in the use of educational technology in community colleges.
Southern appalachia: A special challenge
Authors: Cottingham Tom , Cooper Leland
Published: October 2006

The characteristics of the residents of Southern Appalachia require a unique response fiom the community colleges seeking to serve them.
Self‐examination at harford
Authors: Oosting Kenneth W.
Published: October 2006

The process of examining governance structures and procedures has a value independent of the substantive changes that may result. The author's conclusions underline the importance of avoiding “models of governance” by stressing the individuality of institutions and their need for compatible systems.
An unsteady state
Authors: Sumner Patsy R.
Published: October 2006

The intense organizational efforts of rival unions have been a major factor in the adoption of collective bargaining by faculties at more than half of the community colleges in states with enabling legislation. The economic situation has increased faculty receptivity to union overtures, and imminent federal legislation may provide the opportunity for greatly expanded unionization.
Managing the management team
Authors: Grede John
Published: October 2006

Continuing experience in postsecondary education collective bargaining calls forth new perceptions by management and a do‐it‐yourself approach.
Collective bargaining in a state system
Authors: Helland Philip C.
Published: October 2006

Minnesota's experience has implications for all multi college systems.
Is there still room for the humanities?
Authors: Turesky Stanley F.
Published: October 2006

A political scientist looks at the humanities in community colleges from the perspective of the National Endowment for the Humanities.
A consortium approach to faculty renewal
Authors: Taylor William R.
Published: October 2006

A cooperative effort among two‐year and four‐year institutions has resulted in a model program of faculty development.
English garbed in the humanities
Authors: Keller David M.
Published: October 2006

An experimental freshman English course in which the teaching of basic skills and exposure to humanistic disciplines have been integrated at every level.
Humanities for the occupational or noncontinuing student
Authors: Stack Shannon C.
Published: October 2006

Students explore creativity and the relationships among the humanities and technology in two interdisciplinary courses.
Gentrain: An instructional delivery system
Authors: Nash Philip C.
Published: October 2006

How Monterey Peninsula College achieved an interdisciplinary general education program with a time‐modulated and highly mediated format.
Film forums: On being human
Authors: Peterson Robert E.
Published: October 2006

The meaning and purpose of existence are investigated through film discussion groups conducted at off‐campus locations.
The humanities facuity: A review
Authors: Cohen Arthur M. , Brawer Florence B.
Published: October 2006

An analysis of the preparation, inservice training, attitudes, values, and approaches to instruction of the faculty teaching the humanities in community colleges.
Interdisciplinary humanities: Sources and information
Authors: Crandall Deborah , Rinnander Elizabeth
Published: October 2006

Additional resources on community college humanities programs, supplied by the ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges.
Reflections on the cluster college
Authors: Anthony John H.
Published: October 2006

The purposes, advantages, risks, and varieties of clustering, in order to humanize and individualize learning.
The cluster dean: Innovation in administration
Authors: Dolan R. Edmund , Mittler Mary I.
Published: October 2006

The man in the middle, the generalist, the composite of all department chairmen—these are some of the names given to the cluster dean.
Mbo in the community college: Point …
Authors: Segner Ken B. , Britton George M.
Published: October 2006

The authors attack management by objectives (MBO) because research has not demonstrated its effectiveness in operating colleges, because the school is not a system, and because MBO tends to promote adversary relationships.
College without a campus
Authors: Smith Peter P.
Published: October 2006

The organization of the Community College of Vermont illustrates that a lateral authority structure and mutually supportive subsystems are necessary to manage a noncampus institution.
Finding the funds
Authors: Yarrington Roger
Published: October 2006

Community services funding is a mixed picture The ideal solution is to see the institution's total program as community service and develop more appropriate financing pattern for the whole college.
Cabrillo serves an exceptional town
Authors: Welch Timothy
Published: October 2006

„Students”︁ at Cabrillo College range from truck gardeners to Utopians, with more people being served than live in the community.
The colleges' roles for service
Authors: Leo Robert J.
Published: October 2006

The college can act as a deliverer, a convener, a planner, a coordinator, and a collaborator.
The challenge of being a female trustee
Authors: Smith Joyce A.
Published: October 2006

Who opens the door is unimportant; what counts is making sure the community college is open to all who can benefit from it.
Preparing for collective bargaining
Authors: Gardiner Richard A.
Published: October 2006

A case study analysis of the effects of stress on the members of one board's bargaining team.
Trustees, lobbying, and legislators
Authors: Calvert Walter B.
Published: October 2006

Effective board members understand and are involved in politics at all governmental levels.
Futures
Authors: McIntyre Charles
Published: October 2006

What lies ahead for the community colleges? Competition with alternative institutions and a decrease in vocational preparation are two probabilities.
Youth disintegration: The data
Authors: Wynne Edward
Published: October 2006

Trend data associated with increased alienation and a decrease in coping skills among youth point to symptoms of inadequate socialization of young people to adulthood.
Personal outcomes as goals of career education
Authors: Keislar Evan R.
Published: October 2006

Work experience for youth can be a means of developing coping, decision making, and problem solving skills.
Student‐designed field experiences
Authors: Permaul Jane S.
Published: October 2006

Student‐designed field experiences for which students receive course credit can become integral components of undergraduate education.
Cooperative education and acquisition of generalizable coping skills: An assessment
Authors: Ginsburg Mark G.
Published: October 2006

Design criteria for evaluating work experience programs can be applied to the assessment of cooperative education propams.
Community councils as an intermediate institution
Authors: Barton Pad E.
Published: October 2006

Representative community councils are needed to serve a coordinating function as independent institutions between schools and the workplace.
The transition from school to work in Synanon
Authors: Carder Brooks
Published: October 2006

The Synanon Game helps to integrate the physical proximity of education and work within a total planned community.
The impact of community college structure on the school‐to‐work transition
Authors: Lieberman Janet
Published: October 2006

Special problems result from the diverse goals and heterogeneity of the community college faculty and student body and require overcoming staff resistance to innovation.
Demographic and economic influences on the growth and decline of higher education
Authors: Carroll Stephen J. , Morrison Peter A.
Published: October 2006

The flow of population and financial resources has great impact on student enrollments in higher education.
Recommendations for practice and research
Authors: Ginsburg Mark B. , Silberman Harry F.
Published: October 2006

A summary of the problems and proposed solutions examined in this issue of New Directions.
The university as an agent of instructional change in community colleges
Authors: Schultz Raymond E.
Published: October 2006

The contributions of the university to improving instruction range from research through graduate preparation to workshops and information dissemination.
The staff development committee: A model for instructional change
Authors: Wallace Terry H. Smith
Published: October 2006

The faculty committee has several advantages over other models in promoting professional development and better teaching.
Instructional change: Some predictions
Authors: Hammons James O.
Published: October 2006

More individualized learning and computer‐assisted instruction are only two of the changes that lie ahead.
Florida and Illinois: Views on staff development
Authors: Novak Charles R. , Barnes Barbara K.
Published: October 2006

Community college professionals offm their perceptions of staff development programs in Florida and Illinois.
Performa: Helping the teachers in francophone Quebec
Authors: Riendeau Marcel
Published: October 2006

Faculty development is growing in La Belle Province and flexibility is the reason.
A strategy for inservice instructional development
Authors: Johnson Rita B. , Johnson Stuart R.
Published: October 2006

Instructional development may require novel workshop procedures to help faculty members implement their goals, set up appropriate learning activities, and continually improve the design of their instruction.
Communication with special populations
Authors: Eitzen Maggie
Published: October 2006

The Efforts of Phoenix College in Arizona illustrate how a college can establish successful communications with nontraditional students.
The right of the student consumer to be better informed
Authors: Elosser Bonnie
Published: October 2006

Institutions need to examine their public relations programs for misleading and inaccurate statements and develop specific ways to give students the information they need for making decisions.
Will you be sued this year? the legal aspects of public relations
Authors: Nash James N.
Published: October 2006

Laws and regulations affecting the public relations function must be adhered to if legal entanglement due to wrong words or pictures is to be avoided.
PR: It's everyone's job
Authors: Bender Louis W.
Published: October 2006

Too often institutions have a myopic view of their public relations program, focusing only on the PR officer and only on the local scene.
Sources and information
Authors: Rinnander Elizabeth
Published: October 2006

Additional materials on community college public relations are available from a variety of sources, as these references from the ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges show.
Staffing: Where and how
Authors: Keim William A.
Published: October 2006

Seeking and training teachers capable of teaching in nontraditional modes is essential for community‐based programs.
Brokering: Providing student services in open systems
Authors: Mills Steve
Published: October 2006

Brokering, involving advisement, advocacy, information, and referral to other agencies, cannot meet all the student service needs of nontraditional students but offers a model for reaching and helping them.
Community impact: Does it really make a difference?
Authors: Micek Sidney S. , Cooper Edward M.
Published: October 2006

Too many community‐impact studies focus only on economic impacts rather than on all the differences a college makes to the the community it serves.
Institutional responses to reduced resources
Authors: Sussman Herbert M.
Published: October 2006

A case study of severe budget reductions at New York City Community College may be instructive to college administrators who have not yet lived through such trauma.
Reduced resources and the academic program
Authors: Decosmo Richard
Published: October 2006

“Planning and reallocating” and “pruning and grafting” form two promising approaches to reducing the cost of the academic program when reductions are inevitable.
Sources and information for coping with reduced resources
Authors: Hill Andrew
Published: October 2006

Further resources from the ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges can help readers confront the budget crunch creatively.
The maze in Connecticut
Authors: Darnowski Vincent S.
Published: October 2006

Is it possible for a community college to achieve its objectives if its autonomy is severely restricted by state regulation? The Connecticut community colleges struggle with a highly centralized bureaucracy, with mixed results and a great deal of frustration.
Balancing state and local control in Florida's community colleges
Authors: Owen Harold James
Published: October 2006

More financial support by state government for local community colleges need not result in additional state controls.
State coordination of locally controlled community colleges
Authors: Wellman Fred I.
Published: October 2006

State coordination of locally controlled community colleges is necessary and helpful, but it should be conducted in a “joint partnership” approach.
A public community college in a system of systems
Authors: Koehniine William A.
Published: October 2006

What is the place of a public community college in a complex statewide network of coordinating and planning agencies?
State‐local partnership in junior college governance
Authors: Moody George V.
Published: October 2006

A balance between state and local decision making results in an effective community college system.
Balancing state‐local control: Sources and information
Authors: Hill Andrew
Published: October 2006

Further resources from the ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges can help readers in balancing the state‐local control issue.
Cognitive therapy: A new mission for community colleges
Authors: Martin Robert G.
Published: October 2006

Cognitive therapy, a remedial concept, offers ways to teach intellectual skills while at the same time teaching the content of a discipline.
Sources and information: View from the faculty
Authors: Hill Andrew
Published: October 2006

A review of sources for further information are presented in this chapter.
Serving part‐time students through career education
Authors: Richardson Richard C. , Svaco Mike , Rooth Stewart
Published: October 2006

The growing need for career education for students who already have jobs can be accommodated.
Speaking with employers
Authors: Rislov Sigurd
Published: October 2006

Career programs can be prepared in association with employers.
General education: A missed opportunity returns
Authors: Hammons James O.
Published: October 2006

The community college has another opportunity to make good on its stated purpose of offering general education.
Competency‐based general education
Authors: Hunter Walter E.
Published: October 2006

General education can have speccific objectives.
Developing a values curriculum
Authors: Janette Al Smith , Martin M.
Published: October 2006

A discussion of how community college faculty can integrate values education into the two‐year college curriculum.
Issues in curriculum formation
Authors: Cohen Arthur M.
Published: October 2006

How should the differences between operational definitions of curriculum and students' course‐taking preferences be reconciled?
A rationale for international education
Authors: Adams Hugh
Published: October 2006

Our community colleges must become world colleges if they are to prepare students for the interdependent world in which they will live.
Cultural studies: Becoming our own teachers
Authors: Fersh Seymour
Published: October 2006

As nations become increasingly interdependent and technological changes increase, students will need to learn more from, as well as about, their world.
Taking the word to Washington
Authors: Hayden Rose I.
Published: October 2006

Community and junior colleges must explore extensively the dimensions of available federal support if they are to contribute substantially to internationalizing education.
Developing an older population program
Authors: Demko David
Published: October 2006

Organizing a program to serve older adults can be done through procedures that involve many college groups.
Arizona consortium for senior adult education
Authors: Knight Josephine L.
Published: October 2006

A successful consortium approach to providing educational opportunities for seniors.
Programs for disabled students
Authors: Reid Barbara A.
Published: October 2006

An organizational structure that can facilitate the initiation and implementation of disabled students program.
Expanding educational services to the hearing‐impaired
Authors: Boukouvalas Costas S. , Gay Melvin L.
Published: October 2006

All community colleges can meaningfully serve the hearing‐impaired through a comprehensive support service program.
Serving rural women: A college‐community partnership
Authors: Woodie Shirley H. , Bauer Mary D.
Published: October 2006

A college‐community partnership has demonstrated significant potential for identifying and fulfilling the needs of rural women.
Equity: Not for women only
Authors: Stewart Anne
Published: October 2006

Effective response to women's needs require fundamental and campuswide change with a minimal shifting of resources.
Dynamics of community college women's programming
Authors: King Maxwell C. , Elledge‐Heimer Muriel Kay
Published: October 2006

An innovative delivery system and program structure that has had significant impact in the area of women's programming.
Sources and information: Special programs for special populations
Authors: Cacciola Roseann Marie
Published: October 2006

The ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges can help readers sample model programs for women, older adults, and the disabled.
Academe, action, and leadership: How to avoid overmanaging a nonevent
Authors: Eaton Judith S.
Published: October 2006

An informed, intimate relationship needs to be maintained between managers in community colleges and the academic process in order to have genuine academic leadership.
Effective personnel administration—better utilization of human resources
Authors: Burns Dorothy M.
Published: October 2006

With a major portion of all community college budgets being spent on personnel and related costs and with personnel management becoming extremely complex, new approaches toward human resources management are crucial to the continuing vitality of community colleges.
Consumer‐oriented student development and college services
Authors: Leach Ernest R.
Published: October 2006

Consumers of student development and college services will demand changes in delivery models and staffing patterns in the 1980s.
Information for institutional renewal
Authors: Spencer Richard L.
Published: October 2006

Institutional renewal, unless it links directly to data, will be almost impossible. However, few are actually aware of the state‐of‐the‐art tools available to generate data that link directly to planning for such renewal.
Concluding comments
Authors: Lahti Robert E.
Published: October 2006

This chapter provides a synthesis of thought from each contributor's point of view on needed institutional changes.
The abc's of institutionalizing lifelong learning programs
Authors: Perk Joanne L.
Published: October 2006

Gaining institutional acceptance and continuing support for lifelong learning programs in higher education is certainly essential and frequently difficult. The time to develop strategies for programs' institutionalization is at their inception; this will help to avoid mistakes and oversights that may hinder the programs' adoption by their institutions.
Equipping faculty to serve lifelong learners
Authors: Christensen Frank
Published: October 2006

Graduate institutions and directors of college in‐service activities must be responsible for preparing faculty to deal with the ever increasing number of adult learners.
Competence‐based education for adult learners
Authors: Hayenga E. Sharon , Lsaacson Hope B.
Published: October 2006

Various types of competence‐based programs focus attention on educational outcomes, evaluate practices on the basis of performance, improve the credentialing process, offer flexibility, and provide quality control of educational experiences.
From the president's perspective: Part‐time faculty in the 1980s
Authors: Harris David A.
Published: October 2006

The critical issues surrounding the use of part‐time faculty are enumerated and suggestions for action are advanced.
Can participatory programs realize part‐time faculty potential?
Authors: Smith Richard R.
Published: October 2006

Part‐time faculty are becoming a significant segment of the resources of community colleges. The time has come to pool our resources to help part‐timers teach effectively.
Instructional practices of part‐time faculty
Authors: Friedlander Jack
Published: October 2006

Part‐time faculty differ from full‐time on most measures related to instructional practices.
Realizing part‐time faculty potential
Authors: Parsons Michael H.
Published: October 2006

One model to develop part‐time faulty potential uses six components. The design addresses the needs of small institutions with limited resources.
Support for training vocational‐technical adjunct faculty
Authors: Desantis Joseph P.
Published: October 2006

Financial assistance is available to conduct in‐service training when community colleges work cooperatively with their state agencies.
Mainstreaming part‐time faculty: Issue or imperative?
Authors: Albert Louis S. , Watson Roliin J.
Published: October 2006

An examination of the legal and administrative issues related to “mainstreaming” of part‐time faculty has become imperative in an era of delining enrollments and faculty retrenchment.
Sources and information: Using part‐time faculty effectively
Authors: Sillman Donna
Published: October 2006

Further resources from the ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges can provide examples on how community colleges are effectively using their part‐tim staff.
Individualized mathematics instruction
Authors: Mitchell Myrna L.
Published: October 2006

When attrition rates in many community college classes soar, modularized individualized study allows a larger percentage of students to achieve a degree of success.
Mathematics placement testing
Authors: Wood June P.
Published: October 2006

At one community college placement testing has had a dramatic effect in reducing failure in mathematics courses for incoming students.
Individualizing instruction: A systematic approach
Authors: Thompson Fred A.
Published: October 2006

Classes with large numbers of passive, part‐time students pose an important instructional problem. Engaging diverse individual students in a productive learning process can make a difference.
Alternatives to the standard biology course
Authors: Slutsky Bette
Published: October 2006

A biology course on women's sexuality, offered as an alternative to the general education general biology course, has proved to be popular and of value to men and women, as well as an aid in dispelling misinformation about and ignorance of women's own bodies.
Articulating with industry in economic development
Authors: Bushnell David S.
Published: October 2006

Mainstream economists would agree that the education services directed at maintaining and upgrading the productivity capacity of workers figure prominently in decisions to locate or expand business operations.
Can vocational graduates find jobs?
Authors: Walleri R. Dan , Pritchett Betty
Published: October 2006

Effective manpower planning is essential if we are to ensure the availability of jobs for graduates of vocational education programs as well as adjust program offerings to changing needs with limited resources.
Women community college presidents
Authors: Taylor Emily
Published: October 2006

No type of postsecondary institution has exceeded the community colleges' 200 percent gain in women presidents during the past five years, and their ranks will continue to grow in the decades ahead.
Research for policy formation at the state level
Authors: Lach Ivan J.
Published: October 2006

Statewide planning and policy formulation have greatly increased in scope and significance, but statewide research to support decision making has not.
Information resource management
Authors: Rossmeier Joseph G.
Published: October 2006

Management of information resources is utilized for systematic, institution wide planning of rational decision making.
Using student data for academic planning
Authors: Baratta M. Kathryne
Published: October 2006

Student data can be used as an aid to academic planning in community colleges.
Utilization of student information systems
Authors: Hall Toni M. , Reed Jim F.
Published: October 2006

Student information systems provide information about students that can be fully utilized by college decision makers.
Improving decision making through institutional research
Authors: Mehallis Mantha V.
Published: October 2006

The future of institutional research is focused on management, planning and evaluation for administrative decision making.
College strategies for implementing a marketing program
Authors: Mulder‐Edmondson Anne
Published: October 2006

Colleges can take certain steps to involve everyone in the development Of a marketing plan.
Segmentation: Slicing the urban pie
Authors: Keim William A.
Published: October 2006

Segmentation is a proper means of identifying groups in need in a community and of making each such segment aware of the specific services available to them.
The university connection: Symbiosis through marketing
Authors: Bailey Edwin R.
Published: October 2006

Institutional well being requires mutually beneficial and cooperative approaches to marketing between community colleges and universities.
Caution! marketing may be hazardous to your institutional health
Authors: Gollattscheck Jams F.
Published: October 2006

Marketing changes institutions, but not always in expected or desirable directions. Colleges considering marketing activities should explore the possible negative effects and ensure that they plan accordingly.
Evaluation of marketing practices in community colleges
Authors: Myran Gunder , Ralph Mark
Published: October 2006

It is necessary to create the same quality and intensity of interaction with adult groups in the community as has traditionally existed with high school students.
Does community college education produce in students?
Authors: Linthicum Dorothy S.
Published: October 2006

Economic gains experienced by students in community colleges outweigh the social benefits of education, but the extent and direction of change is a function of student decisions in the realms of education and career.
Advancing community college impact through business and industry
Authors: Fidler Timothy A.
Published: October 2006

In an era of dramatic, fast‐paced technological change, community colleges can be a valuable partner of business and industry in the preparation of a trained labor force. This partnership will mean keeping pace with change as well as advancing change through leadership for labor and industrial development.
Emerging relationships between community colleges and state and local agencies
Authors: Wing Paul
Published: October 2006

Few colleges can expect to succeed in the 1980s by being all things to all people. Community colleges, like all other institutions, must consider their goals and impact in the larger higher education system when developing plans for the future.
Improving college resources through impact assessment
Authors: Alfred Richard L.
Published: October 2006

Community colleges can ill afford to function in isolation from the political and economic base provided by external constituencies. Impact assessment strategies are needed to guide resource allocation and generation decisions in pursuit of selective goals with constituencies.
Eric sources and information: Measuring the benefits of community colleges
Authors: Friedlander Jack
Published: October 2006

Further information about institutional impact impact is available in the ERIC system.
The transfer function —one of many
Authors: Knoell Dorothy M.
Published: October 2006

Transfer education has moved from being the dominant function of community colleges to being one of many functions — still important but enrolling a much smaller proportion of students than in the past.
Articulation and the chief instructional ocfficer
Authors: Smith Jack E.
Published: October 2006

The chief instructional officer must assume a prominent role in articulation related activities.
Community college and proprietary school relationships within the educational marketplace
Authors: Peterson John H.
Published: October 2006

Uncertain economic conditions and fluctuations in student enrollments creale a need and opportunity for greater communication and cooperation between community colleges and proprietary institutions.
ESCALATE: A system of transfer equivalency information
Authors: Hendershot Eleanor M.
Published: October 2006

The way in which one state utilized computer resources service make information available to transfer students is described.
Sources and information: Revitalzing articulation and transfer
Authors: Palmer James C.
Published: October 2006

Material abstracted from recent additions to the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) system provides further information on articulation and transfer.
Concluding comments
Authors: Kintzer Frederick C.
Published: October 2006

Actual data and poling decisions concerning transfer and articulation are needed.
Thirty years have passed: Trends in general education
Authors: Cross K. Patricia
Published: October 2006

What has happened in the thirty years that have passed since the first major study of general education in the community colleges?
General Education and the Transfer Function
Authors: Koltai Leslie
Published: October 2006

Transfer‐oriented general education is now at a crossroads.
Concerns About Using Student Ratings in Community Colleges
Authors: Cashin William E.
Published: October 2006

The questions two‐year colleges have about student ratings are very similar to those four‐year colleges have; so are the answers.
Faculty Development: A Necessary Corollary to Faculty Evaluation
Authors: Hammons James
Published: October 2006

Both faculty development and faculty evaluation are essential elements in institutional improvement.
Preparing and Nurturing Professional Counselors
Authors: Creamer Don G.
Published: October 2006

Community college counseling roles and functions are sufficiently different from those in other colleges to merit separate Preparation and nurturance.
Strategic Planning
Authors: Groff Warren H.
Published: October 2006

To paraphrase Peter Drucker, a strategic plan is a collection of todayapos;s decisions that will shape tomorrowapos;s college. Strategic planning is a process that articulates the best thinking of those involved in creating and implementing institutional strategies.
Strategic Elements of Financial Management
Authors: Lorenzo Albert L.
Published: October 2006

Given the interrelationship between institutional goals and financial resources, it follows that an organizationapos;s future can be no more certain than its finances. The strategic manager must therefore strive to bring the highest degree of certainty into the financial plans of the college.
The Critical Link: From Plans to Programs
Authors: Baker George A. , Moore Kay Mccollough
Published: October 2006

The challenge to community colleges is to translate the vision of strategic plans into the reality of programs and services for students.