bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОЦЕНКА ПОТОКОВ МЕТАНА В ЭКОСИСТЕМЕ КРУПНОБУГРИСТОГО БОЛОТА ПОДЗОНЫ КРАЙНЕСЕВЕРНОЙ ТАЙГИ НА ЕВРОПЕЙСКОМ СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОКЕ РОССИИ (ПО РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМ ДВУХ МЕТОДОВ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ)
Authors: С.В. ЗАГИРОВА , М.Н. МИГЛОВЕЦ , С.В. ЯКУБЕНКО
Published: November 2024

В статье приведена оценка эмиссии метана в экосистеме крупнобугристого болота на европейском северо-востоке России на основании результатов измерений методом статических камер и микровихревых пульсаций в период вегетации. Основной вклад в экосистемный поток вносят мочажины, скорость эмиссии метана за сезон на этих элементах рельефа составила в среднем 5,7 мг/(м2∙ч) и контролировалась температурой почвы и уровнем грунтовых вод. Скорость эмиссии метана с поверхности гряд и торфяного бугра была заметно ниже и составляла 0,85 и 0,28 мг/(м2∙ч) соответственно. На торфяном бугре поступление метана в атмосферу зависело от мощности, температуры и влажности активного слоя торфа. Кумулятивный экосистемный поток метана в мае - сентябре, полученный на основании результатов измерений методом камер и микровихревых пульсаций, соответствовал 9,5 и 11,4 г/м2.

The article presents an estimate of methane emission in palsa mire in the European North-East of Russia based on the results of measurements by the method of static chambers and eddy covariance during the growing season. Hollows make the main contribution to the ecosystem flux, the rate of methane emission per season on these relief elements averaged 5,7 mg/(m2∙h) and was controlled by soil temperature and groundwater level. The methane emission on the ridges and the peat mound was noticeably lower and corresponded to 0,85 and 0,28 mg/(m2∙h). On the peat mound, the methane flux depended on the thickness, temperature, and humidity of the active peat layer. The cumulative ecosystem flux of methane into the atmosphere in May-September, obtained by the method of chambers and eddy covariance, corresponded to 9,5 and 11,4 g/m2.
ДОЛГОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ЧИСЛЕННОСТИ ПТИЦ БАРГУЗИНСКОГО ХРЕБТА (СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОЧНОЕ ПРИБАЙКАЛЬЕ)
Authors: А.А. АНАНИН
Published: November 2024

Выполнены исследования 36-летней динамики численности видов (1984-2020 гг.) на постоянных учетных маршрутах от побережья оз. Байкал до высокогорий Баргузинского хребта (460-1700 м над ур. м.). Выявлено устойчивое снижение суммарного обилия фоновых видов птиц после 1997-1998 гг. Полученные долговременные ряды наблюдений (на примере модельных групп птиц) позволили выявить отклики биоты на климатические изменения в регионе оз. Байкал. Периоды высокой и низкой численности в популяциях фоновых видов птиц региона, вероятно, связаны с прохождением влажной и засушливой фаз длительного климатического цикла. Для восьми фоновых видов (16,0 %) показаны положительные тренды долговременных изменений численности, а у 18 видов (36,0 %) установлено устойчивое снижение обилия. Отрицательные тенденции изменений численности у дальних мигрантов преобладают над тенденциями роста (11 видов против трех с положительными трендами). Раскрыты некоторые механизмы формирования локального населения птиц, в том числе с использованием перераспределения плотности гнездования видов между речными долинами и местообитаниями на высотном профиле. Современные долговременные изменения климата в регионе оказывают положительное влияние на изменения обилия фоновых видов птиц в высокогорье по сравнению с нижележащим горно-лесным поясом.

А 36-year study of bird number dynamics (1984-2020) on permanent accounting routes from the coast of Lake Baikal to the Barguzin Range highlands (460-1700 m s. l.) were performed. A steady decrease in the total abundance of background bird species after 1997-1998 was revealed. The resulting long-term series (as the example of model groups of birds) made it possible to identify the responses of the biota on climatic changes in the Lake Baikal region. Periods of high and low numbers in bird`s populations are probably associated with the passage of a wet and arid phases of a climatic cycle. In 8 background species (16.0 %), positive trends of long-term changes in abundance were revealed, and in 18 species (36.0 %), a steady decrease in abundance was established. Negative trends in population changes in distant migrants prevail over growth trends (11 species against 3 with positive trends). Some mechanisms of the formation of the local bird`s population are disclosed, including using the redistribution of the nesting species density between the river valleys and habitats at the high-altitude profile. Current long-term climate change in the region has a positive impact on changes in the abundance of background bird species in the highlands compared to the underlying mountain forest belt.
АККЛИМАЦИЯ ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧЕСКОГО АППАРАТА ЛИСТЬЕВ И РЕПРОДУКТИВНОЙ СФЕРЫ DRYAS OCTOPETALA L. ПРИ ИНТРОДУКЦИИ В СРЕДНЮЮ ПОЛОСУ РОССИИ
Authors: Е.В. ЧЕРНЯЕВА , Н.Г. КУРАНОВА , В.П. ВИКТОРОВ
Published: November 2024

Изучали ритм развития, сезонную динамику содержания пигментов, удельную листовую поверхность (SLA), содержание воды, скорость накопления сухого вещества в листьях Dryas octopetala весенней и осенней генераций в условиях интродукции. Полученные результаты сравнили с аналогичными показателями в естественном ареале по литературным данным. Установлено, что перестройка на клеточно-тканевом уровне привела к увеличению удельной листовой поверхности в 3,7-4 раза. У листьев весенней генерации увеличились срок жизни, продолжительность вегетации, количество хлорофиллов и каротиноидов. В листьях осенней генерации эти показатели не изменились. В листьях весенней и осенней генераций содержалось 7,89 мг∙г-1 и 3,32-6,48 мг∙г-1 хлорофилла соответственно. Структурно-функциональные характеристики пигментного аппарата листьев весенней генерации соответствовали высокой интенсивности фотосинтеза, осенней - низкой интенсивности. В условиях интродукции первые проявили экологическую пластичность и высокую способность к акклимационным перестройкам, вторые - консервативную, стенобионтную стратегию адаптации. Показатели роста D. octopetala сохранились на характерном для вида уровне. Количество и масса диаспор на один цветок, длина цветоносов выросли в 2,2 и 2,8 раза соответственно. Всхожесть за все время наблюдения была низкой, 2,32 ± 0,7 % за шестилетний период наблюдений.

The rhythm of development, seasonal dynamics of photosynthetic pigment content, specific leaf area (SLA), water content, and the rate of accumulation of dry matter in D. octopetala leaves of spring and autumn generations under introduction conditions were studied. The obtained results were compared with similar indicators in the natural habitat according to the literature data. It was found that the restructuring at the cellular-tissue level led to an increase in the specific leaf area by 3.7-4 times. The leaves of the spring generation have increased the life span, the duration of vegetation, the amount of chlorophylls and carotenoids. In the leaves of the autumn generation, these indicators have not changed. The leaves of the spring and autumn generations contained 7.89 mg∙g-1 and 3.32-6.48 mg∙g-1 of chlorophyll, respectively. The structural and functional characteristics of the pigment apparatus of the leaves of spring generation corresponded to the high intensity of photosynthesis, the autumn - low intensity. Under the conditions of introduction, the former showed ecological plasticity and a high ability to acclimation changes, the latter - a conservative, stenobiont adaptation strategy. The growth rates of D. octopetala remained at the characteristic level for the species. The number and mass of diaspores per flower, the length of peduncles increased by 2.2 and 2.8 times, respectively. Germination over the entire observation period was low, 2.32 ± 0.7 % over a six-year observation period.
РАЗНООБРАЗИЕ И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ЛИТОБИОНТНЫХ СООБЩЕСТВ НА ПАМЯТНИКЕ НАСКАЛЬНОГО ИСКУССТВА “ТОМСКАЯ ПИСАНИЦА”
Authors: Д.Ю. ВЛАСОВ , М.С. ЗЕЛЕНСКАЯ , К.В. САЗАНОВА , С.Б. ЩИГОРЕЦ , А.Р. ИЗАТУЛИНА , О.А. РОДИНА , И.С. СТЕПАНЧИКОВА , А.Д. ВЛАСОВ , Е.И. ПОЛЯНСКАЯ , Д.А. ДАВЫДОВ , Е.А. МИКЛАШЕВИЧ , О.А. ПАВЛОВА , О.В. ФРАНК-КАМЕНЕЦКАЯ
Published: November 2024

С использованием комплекса биологических и минералогических методов изучены процессы биологических повреждений горной породы уникального памятника наскального искусства Западной Сибири “Томская писаница”. Видовой состав литобионтного сообщества (бактерий, грибов и лишайников) выявлен с использованием комплекса культуральных, морфологических и молекулярно-генетических методов. Показано, что разрушение памятника является следствием взаимосвязанных физических, химических и биологических процессов, сопровождающихся изменением свойств горной породы и ее биологической колонизацией. Структура микробных сообществ зависит от локальных условий и сукцессионных процессов. Развитие биопленок с доминированием цианобактерий приурочено к зонам повышенного увлажнения и образования карбонатных корок. Обсуждены вопросы адаптации выявленных микроорганизмов к существованию на Томской писанице, а также их роль в процессах оксалатной и карбонатной биоминерализации. Полученные результаты указывают на опасность ухудшения состояния уникального памятника “Томская писаница” и свидетельствуют о необходимости поиска новых эффективных способов его защиты с учетом накопленных научных данных.

The processes of biodeterioration of the unique monument of rock art in Western Siberia “Tomskaya Pisanitsa” were studied by complex of biological and mineralogical methods. The species composition of the lithobiotic community (bacteria, fungi, and lichens) was identified using a complex of cultural, morphological, and molecular genetic methods. It is shown that the destruction of the monument is a result of interrelated physical, chemical and biological processes, accompanied by a change in the properties of the rock and its biological colonization. The structure of microbial communities depends on local environment and successional processes. The development of biofilms with the dominance of cyanobacteria was observed on the rock zones of increased moisture and the formation of carbonate crusts. The problems of adaptation of the lithobiotic microorganisms to existence at the rock art monument “Tomskaya Pisanitsa” as well as their role in the processes of oxalate and carbonate biomineralization are discussed. The obtained results point to the danger of deterioration of the “Tomskaya Pisanitsa” and indicate the need to find new effective ways to protect this monument taking into account the accumulated scientific data.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ СКОРОСТИ РОСТА, ФЛУОРЕСЦЕНТНЫХ И ЦИТОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ У МИКРОВОДОРОСЛИ DUNALIELLA SALINA (TEOD.) ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНОЙ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ МЕДИ В СРЕДЕ
Authors: А.И. АКИМОВ , Е.С. СОЛОМОНОВА , Н.Ю. ШОМАН , О.А. РЫЛЬКОВА
Published: November 2024

Проведена оценка изменения удельной скорости роста, флуоресцентных, цитометрических и морфологических показателей зеленой микроводоросли Dunaliella salina при добавлении в культуральную среду ионов меди в концентрации 0-3750 мкг/л. Наиболее чувствительным параметром водорослей по отношению к действию меди является скорость роста, ее снижение отмечено при концентрации поллютанта выше 150 мкг/л, гибель культуры - при 1500 мкг/л и выше. Численность клеток водорослей в стационарной фазе роста закономерно снижается с повышением содержания меди в среде от 150 до 3750 мкг/л. Установлено, что медь не влияет на эффективность работы фотосинтетического аппарата водорослей при концентрациях, не приводящих к гибели культуры. Снижение значений максимального квантового выхода флуоресценции, нефотохимического тушения флуоресценции и относительной максимальной скорости электронного транспорта ниже оптимальных значений может использоваться как показатель летального воздействия исследуемого поллютанта на D. salina. При концентрации меди 750 мкг/л и выше отмечены: увеличение объема клеток, увеличение количества клеток шаровидной формы, деформация и перфорация плазмалеммы, преобладание деформированных клеток неправильной формы, двукратное снижение внутриклеточного содержания хлорофилла а и удельного выхода флуоресценции на хлорофилл а (мкг/л).

The changes in the specific growth rate, fluorescent, cytometric and morphological parameters of the green microalgae Dunaliella salina were evaluated when copper ions were added to the culture medium at a concentration of 0-3750 µg/L. The growth rate is the most sensitive parameter of algae to the action of copper, its decrease was noted at the concentration of the pollutant above 150 µg/L, the death of the culture - at 1500 µg/L and above. The number of algae cells in the stationary phase of growth naturally decreases with an increase in the copper content in the medium from 150 to 3750 µg/L. It was found that copper does not affect the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus of algae at concentrations that do not lead to the death of the culture. A decrease in the values of the maximum quantum yield of fluorescence, non-photochemical quenching of fluorescence and the maximum relative electronic transport rate below the optimal values can be used as an indicator of the lethal effect of the studied pollutant on D. salina. At a copper concentration of 750 µg/L and above, it was noted: an increase in cell volume, an increase in the number of spherical cells, deformation and perforation of the plasmalemma, the predominance of deformed cells of irregular shape, a twofold decrease in the intracellular content of chlorophyll a and the specific yield of fluorescence per chlorophyll a.
РЕАКЦИЯ ЛИШАЙНИКА HYPOGYMNIA PHYSODES НА ПЫЛЕВОЕ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЕ В ЗОНЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ СРЕДНЕ-ТИМАНСКОГО БОКСИТОВОГО РУДНИКА
Authors: Т.Н. ПЫСТИНА , Е.Г. КУЗНЕЦОВА , А.Б. НОВАКОВСКИЙ
Published: November 2024

Представлены результаты многолетнего мониторинга (2002-2017 гг.) состояния эпифитного лишайника Hypogymnia physodes на территории воздействия Средне-Тиманского бокситового рудника (Республика Коми), где основным загрязнителем окружающей среды является пыль с преобладанием в ее составе Al и Fe. Выделены три периода реакции лишайника на загрязнение: шоковый, максимальных изменений, адаптации. В результате загрязнения значительно снизилось проективное покрытие вида, увеличилась доля некрозов талломов, уменьшились их линейные размеры. Через десять лет после начала мониторинга показатели жизненного состояния H. physodes стали стабилизироваться, а затем и улучшаться, что можно объяснить адаптацией лишайника к хроническому загрязнению среды пылевыми выпадениями. Изучение динамики содержания основных поллютантов показало, что в процессе эксплуатации рудника происходит их накопление в талломах лишайника в ряду: Al > Fe> Ni > Cu > Pb.

Here, we present the results of long-term monitoring (2002-2017) of epiphytic lichen Hypogymnia physodes in the influence zone of the Middle Timan Bauxite Mine (Komi Republic). The main environmental pollutant in this area is dust with a predominance of Al and Fe. Three periods of the reaction of lichen to dust pollution are identified: shock, maximum changes, and adaptation. Dust pollution significantly decreased the projective cover of the species under study, increased the frequency of thallus necrosis and decreased thallus linear dimensions. In ten years after we started our monitoring studies, the vital state parameters of H. physodes began to stabilize and then to improve due to adaptation of the lichen to chronic environmental pollution with dust. The study of changes in the content of main pollutants showed that, during the mine operation, they accumulate in the thalli of the lichen H. physodes in the following order: Al > Fe > Ni > Cu > Pb.
ЭКОЛОГО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ФОМОИДНОГО МИКРОМИЦЕТА CALOPHOMA COMPLANATA
Authors: С.В. СОКОРНОВА , Е.Л. ГАСИЧ , Л.Б. ХЛОПУНОВА , А.Н. АЛЕКСЕЕВА
Published: November 2024

Дана эколого-генетическая характеристика фомоидного гриба Calophoma complanata - потенциального биогербицида гигантских борщевиков. Анализ экологических параметров мест сбора коллекционных образцов C. complanata показал, что этот патоген обнаруживается в местах с повышенной влажностью и более низкой, чем у других фомоидных микромицетов, температурой. Сумма активных температур >10 °C в пограничных точках распространения этого вида составляет от 106,0 (Шетландские острова) до 911,5 (Люблин (Польша)), при крайне невысоком среднем значении - 570. Наибольшее и наименьшее значения гидротермического коэффициента Селянинова наблюдаются в тех же точках и составляют 3,26 и 1,31 соответственно при среднем значении 1,9. Ареал распространения этого вида характеризуется длительным фотопериодом. Идентификация до вида и локализация C. complanata MF-32.121 в растениях проведены классическими морфологическими, гистохимическими и молекулярными методами. Сделано предположение о том, что данный вид в зависимости от окружающих условий может как вызывать заболевание у гигантских борщевиков, так и переходить в эндофитное состояние. Мы считаем, что это один из механизмов, позволяющих выживать патогену в суровых природных условиях. Полученные данные позволят прогнозировать эффективность микогербицидов на основе этого гриба в зависимости от экологических условий, оценивать долгосрочные риски, связанные с их применением, раскрывают спектр нецелевых биологических активностей этого вида.

Ecological and genetic characteristics of the phoma-like fungus Calophoma complanata were defined. C. complanata is a potential bioherbicide of the giant hogweed. An ecological analysis of the C. complanata sample collection sites showed this pathogen is found where the humidity is high, and the temperature is a lower than at other sites of phoma-like micromycetes. The growing degree days >10 ℃ (GDD) of the distribution of the species varies between 106.0 (Shetland) and 911.5 (Lublin, Poland) with rather low average of 570. The minimum and maximum Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient on the boundary of the species area are 3.26 and 1.31, respectively, with the average of 1.9. The species area is characterized by long photoperiods. Classical morphological, histochemical, and molecular methods for founding C. complanata MF-32.121 in plants were carried out. It is shown that this species, depending on the conditions, can be able to cause the Sosnowsky's hogweed disease, or turns to the endophytic lifestyle. We believe that this is one of the mechanisms that allow the pathogen to survive in harsh natural conditions. The obtained data allow to predict the effectiveness of mycoherbicides depending on environmental conditions, to assess the long-term risks associated with its application and to reveal the spectrum of non-target biological activities.
ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ СТРУКТУРА И ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ ПОПУЛЯЦИЙ ЛИСТВЕННИЦЫ СИБИРСКОЙ (LARIX SIBIRICA LEDEB.) НА ОСНОВЕ ГЕНОТИПИРОВАНИЯ ГЕНОМА ПУТЕМ СЕКВЕНИРОВАНИЯ
Authors: С.В. НОВИКОВА , Н.В. ОРЕШКОВА , В.В. ШАРОВ , В.Л. СЕМЕРИКОВ , К.В. КРУТОВСКИЙ
Published: November 2024

Приведены результаты исследования генетической дифференциации популяций лиственницы сибирской (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) в широтном градиенте климатических условий, полученные на основе генотипирования генома с помощью высокопроизводительного секвенирования геномных районов ДНК, ассоциированных с сайтами рестрикции (ddRADseq). Изучена также корреляция пяти основных климатических переменных с изменчивостью 47 929 генетических маркеров - однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов или “снипов” (от английского SNPs - single nucleotide polymorphisms). Всего изучено 125 деревьев: 61 дерево в четырех популяциях вдоль западной географической трансекты и 64 дерева в четырех популяциях вдоль восточной географической трансекты. Выявлен 21 SNPsс признаками отбора, включая 9 SNPsаутлайеров, чья изменчивость не может быть объяснена селективно-нейтральными процессами, и 12 SNPs, чья изменчивость коррелировала с изменчивостью некоторых климатических факторов. Семь SNPsрасположены в интронах митохондриальных генов, три расположены вблизи митохондриальных генов, кодирующих NAD2 и рибосомальные белки S7 и S11, один на отдалении от ядерного гена, кодирующего белок, гомологичный связанному с микротрубочками futsch-подобному белку Arabidopsis thaliana, два в белковых генах неизвестной природы и три в контигах, не содержащих гены, и для которых не найдены гомологичные последовательности в NCBI GenBank.

The genetic differentiation of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) populations in the latitudinal gradient of climatic conditions was studied based on high-throughput double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) data. We studied the correlation of five main climatic variables with the variability of 47,929 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A total of 125 trees were studied: 61 trees in four populations along the western geographic transect and 64 trees in four populations along the eastern geographic transect. 21 SNPs with signatures of selection were identified, including 9 outlier SNPs whose variability cannot be explained by selectively neutral processes, and 12 SNPs whose variability correlated with the environmental factors. Seven SNPs are located in the introns of mitochondrial genes, three are located relatively close to the mitochondrial genes encoding NAD2 and ribosomal proteins S7 and S11, one is located at a distance from the nuclear gene encoding a protein homologous to the microtubule-associated futsch-like protein of Arabidopsis thaliana, two in the protein genes of an unknown nature and three in contigs containing no genes, and for which no homologous sequences were found in the NCBI GenBank.
ЦИТОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА РАЗНОВОЗРАСТНЫХ ЭМБРИОГЕННЫХ КЛЕТОЧНЫХ ЛИНИЙ, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ ЧЕРЕЗ СОМАТИЧЕСКИЙ ЭМБРИОГЕНЕЗ У LARIX SIBIRICA LEDEB
Authors: М.Э. ПАК , О.В. ГОРЯЧКИНА , И.Н. ТРЕТЬЯКОВА , Е.Н. МУРАТОВА
Published: November 2024

Представлены результаты цитогенетического исследования четырех эмбриогенных клеточных линий (КЛ) лиственницы сибирской (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) разной продолжительности культивирования: молодые (две четырехмесячные и 16-месячная КЛ) и длительно-пролиферирующая (11-летняя КЛ). Три клеточные линии являются диплоидными и содержат в кариотипе нормальное для данного вида число хромосом (2n = 24). Клеточная линия, которая культивировалась 16 месяцев, способная формировать соматические зародыши, оказалась анеуплоидной (2n = 25). Для данной клеточной линии, вероятно, характерна трисомия по одной из пар субметацентрических хромосом. Длительно пролиферирующая КЛ, от которой получены жизнеспособные плодоносящие клоны, в течение 11 лет культивирования сохраняет диплоидное число хромосом и является генетически стабильной. Кариотип хвойных растений характеризуется высокой степенью стабильности и большая часть видов семейства Pinaceae, к которому относится род Larix Mill., содержит 24 хромосомы (2n = 24). В связи с этим обнаружение цитогенетически устойчивых клеточных линий с измененным хромосомным набором представляет большой интерес для генетики этой группы растений. Выявление стабильно диплоидных клеточных линий актуально для генетико-селекционных работ, направленных на создание высокопродуктивных плантаций с заданными наследственными свойствами.

The results of cytogenetic analysis of four embryogenic cell lines of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) of different ages: young (two four-month and 16-month CLs) and long-proliferating (11-year CL) are presented. Three cell lines are diploid and contain in the karyotype the normal number of chromosomes for this species (2n = 24). A 16-month-old CL capable of forming somatic embryos was aneuploid (2n = 25). This cell line is probably characterized by trisomy on one of the pairs of submetacentric chromosomes. The long-term proliferating CL, from which regenerants and clones were obtained, retains a diploid number of chromosomes during 11 years of cultivation and remains genetically stable. The karyotype of conifers is characterized by high degree of stability and most of the species contain 24 chromosomes (2n = 24). Therefore, the detection of cytogenetically stable cell lines is of great interest for genetic work of this group of plants and creation of highly productive plantations with specified hereditary properties.
ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ СТРУКТУРА "ТЕХНОГЕННЫХ" ЛЕСОВ В ЗОНЕ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ НЕФТЕКОМПЛЕКСА ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ: ПОСТАНОВКА ПРОБЛЕМЫ
Authors: В.В. ТАРАКАНОВ , К.Г. ХОМУТОВА
Published: November 2024

С применением шести полиморфных микросателлитных маркеров ядерной ДНК в зоне деятельности нефтекомплекса Западной Сибири проведено пилотное обследование трех близко расположенных популяций сосны Pinus sylvestris L. - суходольной, болотной и "техногенной" (возникшей на песчаном основании кустовой площадки бурения). Показано, что исследуемые популяции довольно близки по основным параметрам генетической изменчивости, оцениваемой по шести полиморфным локусам. При этом обнаружены небольшие, но статистически значимые различия между суходольной и болотной популяциями, в том числе по FIS. "Техногенная" популяция занимает промежуточное положение между изученными естественными популяциями и не обнаруживает статистически значимых отличий от них. Высказаны предположения о том, что наиболее вероятной причиной последнего является формирование "техногенных" молодняков сосны из смеси генотипов суходольной и болотной популяций, а также о том, что появление уникальных (приватных) аллелей в "техногенной" и смежной с ней болотной популяциях может быть индуцировано химическим загрязнением.

With the use of six polymorphic microsatellite markers of nuclear DNA in the territory of oil complex of Western Siberia’s activity, a pilot study of three closely spaced populations of Pinus sylvestris L. - bog land, dry land, and "technogenic" (originated on the sandy base of the drilling pad) was carried out. It showed that the studied populations are quite close in terms of the main parameters of genetic variability, assessed by six polymorphic loci. At the same time, small but statistically significant differences were found between the dry land and bog land populations, including one’s in FIS. The "technogenic" population has an intermediate position between the studied natural populations and does not show statistically significant differences from them. It has been suggested that the most likely cause of the latter is the formation of "technogenic" young pine stands from a mixture of genotypes of the dry land and bog land populations, as well as that the appearance of unique (private) alleles in the "technogenic" population and adjacent bog land population can be induced by chemical pollution.
Production of activated carbon from decayed wood: Surface modification using high-frequency DBD plasma for enhanced Rhodamine B dye adsorption – A kinetic and equilibrium study
Authors: Roohbakhsh Bidaei Mahmood , Azadfallah Mohammad , Yarahmadi Rasoul , Goleij Niloofar
Published: November 2024

The potential of decayed wood was investigated as a raw material to produce activated carbon. Both sound and decayed beech wood specimens were subjected to chemical activation with ZnCl2 at a carbonization temperature of 400 °C and 75% impregnation ratio to produce activated carbon. The produced activated carbon was tested using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analyses to investigate its properties. The activated carbon was used to adsorb rhodamine B dye in an aqueous solution. Additionally, to investigate the impact of activated carbon surface modification on the adsorption of rhodamine B dye, both kinds of activated carbon underwent surface modification using dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) plasma at a high frequency of 20 kHz in the air atmosphere for 20 min at a voltage level of 10 kV. The modification of the activated carbon substantially improved its characteristics, resulting in a 20% increase in rhodamine B removal for the activated carbon derived from sound wood and a 12% increase for the activated carbon derived from decayed wood. The utilization of DBD air plasma in this method is suitable because of its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and improved adsorption capacity in activated carbon.
Effect of physical and chemical treatment on the characteristics of wheat straw as fuel for energy applications
Authors: Said Noha , Alrowais Raid , Abdel-Daiem Mahmoud M.
Published: November 2024

The use of wheat straw as a renewable energy source is essential from both energy production and environmental points of view. It has a great energy potential that can be generated either by combustion or anaerobic digestion. However, there are some limitations during its conversion to energy in both techniques. Therefore, the current study investigated the effect of physical and chemical treatments on the characteristics of wheat straw as fuel for energy applications. Water washing of wheat straw and mixing with KOH solution were applied for physical and chemical treatments. Physical, chemical, and thermal characteristics of wheat straw were investigated before and after the treatments. It was found that the wheat straw has high carbon (44.8%) and volatile contents (87.1%), making it an excellent source for energy production. The physical treatment showed a positive impact on reducing the ash content (by 14.9%) and undesirable compounds, such as K and Cl, which were reduced by 46.4% and 57.0%, respectively. Moreover, it reduced sintering formation through combustion. In contrast, the chemical treatment resulted in 9.3% lignin removal and destroyed the complex lignocellulosic structure, thereby increasing the cellulose accessibility and enhancing the anaerobic digestion process. Therefore, the applied treatments showed attractive options to solve problems related to straw energy generation.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles made with Phyla nodiflora leaf extract have anti-hyperuricemic effect on monosodium urate crystal-induced gouty arthritis
Authors: Li Xianyao , Tang Yaqin , Li Lihua
Published: November 2024

The production of nanoparticles in the presence of biomaterials has become a promising substitute to traditional chemical and physical manufacturing procedures. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were prepared using Phyla nodiflora leaf extracts as a natural reducing agent, along with distilled water. The nanoparticles were analysed using various methods such as transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential to examine their synthesis, structural morphology, chemical bonding, elemental composition, and crystalline structure. ZnO-NPs were orally provided for three weeks instead of usual drinking water to assess their therapeutic efficacy. Blood biochemical examinations were performed, including liver and kidney function tests, lipid profiles, and complete blood counts. The study exhibited a notable reduction in blood urea, creatinine, and uric acid levels, substantially alleviating hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis. A slight increase in liver enzymes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT) was detected in the study groups, with no negative changes histopathologically found in the liver, muscle, or kidney tissues. The results indicate that ZnO-NPs have the potential to be an effective alternative to current pharmaceutical treatments for hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis.
Convertibility and water resistance of wax-based spray coating with the addition of polylactic acid
Authors: Lyytikäinen Johanna , Pesonen Antti , Tanninen Panu , Leminen Ville
Published: November 2024

Petroleum-based plastic coatings are used to create moisture barriers and heat-sealable layers on paperboard. Despite their good convertibility and barrier properties, the use of sustainable biobased polymer coatings as alternatives has attracted interest due to environmental concerns. In this study, the convertibility and water resistance of bio-based multilayered coating composed of biowax and polylactic acid (PLA) were investigated. Convertibility of the coatings was studied through heat-sealing experiments and by evaluating their durability when they were subjected to high stresses during creasing and folding. Surface imaging was performed to evaluate film formation and coating integrity. The wettability and water absorption properties of the coatings were also investigated. Different coating compositions resulted in different film formation processes, surface appearances, and water absorption. The presence of wax in a coating increased its hydrophobicity and reduced its water absorption already with the smallest addition in the coating. However, a high wax content in the coating caused defects in the coating layer, whereas the addition of PLA increased the convertibility of the coated material. This indicates that water resistance, heat sealability, and convertibility can be simultaneously achieved by optimizing the composition of wax and PLA coatings.
Is it possible to produce sustainable aviation fuels from lignocellulosic biomass waste?
Authors: Mendieta Carolina M. , Kruyeniski Julia , Vallejos María E. , Area María C.
Published: November 2024

Sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) are alternatives to fossil fuels produced from biological or non-fossil feedstocks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In the alcohol-to-jet (ATJ) route, alcohol (ethanol, isobutanol, or butanol) dehydration is the key conversion step to create long-chain hydrocarbons. In this context, this Editorial deals with the ethanol-to-ethylene-to-jet route (EEJ) technology and challenges for producing SAF from lignocellulosic biomass waste (LCBW).
Project-based learning in timber engineering education: A recent example
Authors: Derikvand Mohammad
Published: November 2024

This opinion paper advocates for project-based learning (PBL) and teaching as a way of preserving active learning in timber engineering education. A recent example of using PBL in a timber engineering course is presented. Its strengths and associated challenges are briefly highlighted, and some suggestions are provided for the adoption of such approaches.
Heads of state to a courties of Kazimieras Grand Duke of Lithuania. Characterisation of Alexander Soltan's politics
Authors: Trimonienė Rita
Published: November 2024

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Anniversary of the University in Warsaw
Authors: Jegelevičius Sigitas
Published: November 2024

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Yitzkah Arad. Ghetto in Flames. The Struggle and Destruction of the Jews in Vilnius during the Holocaust. - Jerusalem 1980. 500 p.
Authors: Jakubčionis Algirdas
Published: November 2024

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Juozas Jurginis (1909 02 05 - 1994 07 06)
Authors: Gudavičius Edvardas
Published: November 2024

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Comparison of a fixed dose of 0.15% Hypobaric and 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine for shortterm unilateral lower limb orthopedic surgeries.Retrospective study with two videos
Authors: Imbelloni, MD, PhD Luiz Eduardo , Rivoli, MD Anna Lúcia Calaça , Neto, MD, PhD Sylvio Valença de Lemos , Cristina Pinho, MD Ana , Carneiro, MD, MSc, PhD Antonio Fernando , Nóbrega, MD, MSc Marciano de Souza , Morais Filho – MSc Geraldo Borges de
Published: November 2024

Background: Unilateral spinal anesthesia in orthopedic surgery of a limb has its advantages, especially in patients undergoing outpatient basis surgeries. Low dose, slow speed of administration and remaining in lateral decubitus for a certain period facilitate unilateral distribution in spinal anesthesia. Isobaric solutions of local anesthetics are not suitable for this type of anesthesia. Hypobaric and hyperbaric solutions of bupivacaine were compared in unilateral spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries of one limb on an outpatient basis. Methods: Retrospective study carried out between 2002 and 2020 with 497 patients were randomly divided into two groups to receive 6 mg of 0.15% hypobaric bupivacaine or 6 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. The solutions were administered in the L3-L4 space with the patient in the left lateral decubitus and remaining in this position for 15 minutes. Sensitive anesthesia was evaluated by the pin prick test. Motor blockade was determined by the modified Bromage scale. Both blockades were compared with the opposite side and among themselves. Results: There was a significant difference between the side of the surgery and the opposite side in all two groups at 15 minutes, but the frequency of unilateral spinal anesthesia was 90.9% with the 0.15% hypobaric bupivacaine versus 93.2% with the 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. Patients did not develop any hemodynamic changes. Post puncture headache and transitory neurological symptoms were not observed. Conclusion: Spinal anesthesia with hypobaric and hyperbaric solutions present a higher frequency of unilateral anesthesia, without cardiocirculatory alteration, and patient satisfaction in remaining with a limb without anesthesia.
Astrophysical phenomena explainable by the particles’ density levels in a Cold Genesis Theory
Authors: Arghirescu Marius
Published: November 2024

The paper shows that some astrophysical phenomena such as the initial TOV limit of neutron stars’ mass and the transition density interval from neutron star to a quark star, can be explained unitary, by the specific structure and the density levels of the fermionic elementary particles specific to the particle models of a Cold genesis theory of the author: superdense centroid, kerneloid and photonic shell maintained by etherono-quantonic vortex/vortices of magnetic moment(s), which explain and physical phenomena such as: the connection between the photon’s structure and the electronic neutrinos, the scattering centers experimentally evidenced inside the proton at electron-proton scattering at high and very high energies and inside the electron by X-rays, the Compton effect, the nuclear and the strong force, in a fractalic scenario of particles’ forming, from the considered etherono-quantonic energy.
Describing Kepler Orbits with the Ulianov Orbital Model
Authors: Ulianov MSc, PhD Dr. Policarpo Yoshin
Published: November 2024

This paper presents the Ulianov Orbital Model (UOM), a simplified approach to two-body orbital mechanics. The UOM provides equations to calculate the standard ellipse parameters (a and b) and orbital trajectories and velocities from three UOM basic parameters (Ue, R0, and V0). It introduces a new kind of elliptical trigonometric functions, which simplify plotting orbital trajectories and their velocities over time and in elliptical angular steps. The Ulianov Elliptic Transform (UET), generates an impressive effect of rotating and scaling an ellipse, transferring its center from one of the foci to the geometric center of the ellipse. The UET offers a new and easy way to create and manipulate ellipses using both numerical and analytical methods.
High Speed Method of Conversion Numbers from Residue Number System to Positional Notation
Authors: Lutsenko Vladislav Vyacheslavovich , Babenko Mikhail Grigoryevich , Khamidov Munis Musinovich
Published: November 2024

The Residue Number System is a widely used non-positional number system. Residue Number System can be effectively used in applications and systems with a predominant proportion of addition, subtraction and multiplication operations, due to the parallel execution of operations and the absence of inter-bit carries. The reverse conversion of a number from Residue Number System to positional notation requires the use of special algorithms. The main focus of this article lies in introducing the new conversion method, which incorporates Chinese Remainder Theorem, Akushsky Core Function and rank of number. The step-by-step procedure of the conversion process is detailed, accompanied by numerical examples. The proof of the relationship between the ranks of positional characteristics using the Chinese Remainder Theorem is presented. Through careful analysis and comparison with existing transformation methods, it is concluded that the presented approach takes on average 8 % less time than the Approximate Method.
A Gáta–Wieselburg-kultúra temetője és kiemelkedő síregyüttesei Nagycenk-Farkasverem lelőhelyről
Authors: Melis Eszter , Savanyú Bálint , Hajdu Tamás , Gémes Anett , Gyenesei Katalin , Mrenka Attila
Published: November 2024

Absztrakt

Az M85 autóút nyomvonalának ásatásain 2017–2018-ban, Nagycenk határában a réz/bronztágyak mennyiségében és típusában is egyedülálló, újabb bronzkori temető került elő. A csontvázas temetkezések és mellékleteik a Nyugat-Magyarországon, Kelet-Ausztriában és Délnyugat-Szlovákiában elterjedt Gáta–Wieselburg-kultúrához köthetők (Rei. BA1–A2, Kr. e. 2200/2100–1600/1500). A jelen előzetes közleményben a harminckét síros nagycenk-farkasvermi temető három, kiemelkedő társadalmi helyzetű férfi temetkezését mutatjuk be. A radiokarbon adatok alapján, a magyarországi kora és középső bronzkor fordulójára (1σ valószínűséggel Kr. e. 2010–1780 közé) keltezhető sírok egy, gazdagságában és kapcsolatrendszerében, s talán technikai tudásában (fémborításos kőbuzogány) európai viszonylatban is jelentős közösségre utalnak a Fertő-tó vidékén, a közép-németországi, kora bronzkori „fejedelmi temetkezések” időszakában.
Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence and risk factors of cats in the Budapest area
Authors: Dunay Miklós Pál , Zólyomi Dorottya , Gulyás Eszter , Dunay Ildiko Rita
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to survey the current distribution of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) seropositivity within the cat population in Budapest area. Therefore, blood samples of 123 cats aged 0.5–18 years were collected. The measurements were performed by the commercial ID Screen® Toxoplasmosis Indirect Multi-species ELISA kit. The results indicate an overall 31.7% of seropositivity, which was significantly increasing with age. A correlation was also detected between the outdoor lifestyle and T. gondii infection. A significantly higher proportion of cats living outdoors were seropositive (38.8%) compared to those living indoor (18.6%) (P = 0.022). Finally, our study indicates a lower T. gondii seropositivity rate in cats compared to previous studies from Hungary, as well as from other European regions.
STEWART PLATFORM MULTIDIMENSIONAL TRACKING CONTROL SYSTEM SYNTHESIS
Authors: Zozulya V. A. , Osadchy S. І.
Published: November 2024

Context. Creating guaranteed competitive motion control systems for complex multidimensional moving objects, including unstable ones, that operate under random controlled and uncontrolled disturbing factors, with minimal design costs, is one of the main requirements for achieving success in this class devices market. Additionally, to meet modern demands for the accuracy of motion control processes along a specified or programmed trajectory, it is essential to synthesize an optimal control system based on experimental data obtained under conditions closely approximating the real operating mode of the test object.
Objective. The research presented in this article aims to synthesize an optimal tracking control system for the Stewart platform’s working surface motion, taking into account its multidimensional dynamic model.
Method. The article employs a method of a multidimensional tracking control system structural transformation into an equivalent stabilization system for the motion of a multidimensional control object. It also utilizes an algorithm for synthesizing optimal stabilization systems for dynamic objects, whether stable or not, under stationary random external disturbances. The justified algorithm for synthesizing optimal stochastic stabilization systems is constructed using operations such as addition and multiplication of polynomial and fractional-rational matrices, Wiener factorization, Wiener separation of fractional-rational matrices, and the calculation of dispersion integrals.
Results. As a result of the conducted research, the problem of defining the concept of analytical design for a Stewart platform’s optimal motion control system has been formalized. The results include the derived transformation equations from the tracking control system to the equivalent stabilization system of the Stewart platform’s working surface motion. Furthermore, the structure and parameters of the main controller transfer function matrix for of this control system have been determined.
Conclusions. The justified use of the analytical design concept for the Stewart platform’s working surface optimal motion control system formalizes and significantly simplifies the solution to the problem of synthesizing complex dynamic systems, applying the developed technology presented in [1]. The obtained structure and parameters of the Stewart platform’s working surface motion control system main controller, which is divided into three components W1, W2, and W3, improve the tracking quality of the program signal vector, account for the cross-connections within the Stewart platform, and increase the accuracy of executing the specified trajectory by increasing the degrees of freedom in choosing the controller structure
Blueberry Muffin Baby Syndrome in a Patient with Congenital Leukemia: Clinical Case
Authors: Aliev Timur Z. , Belysheva Tatiana S. , Machneva Elena B. , Valiev Timur T. , Batmanova Natalia A. , Kostareva Irina O. , Burlaka Natalia A. , Potemkina Tatiana I. , Sergeenko Karina A. , Kudaeva Lyudmila M. , Trushkova Irina Yu. , Murashkin Nikolay N. , Kirgizov Kirill I. , Varfolomeeva Svetlana R.
Published: November 2024

Background. Blueberry muffin baby syndrome in newborns is characterized by diffuse nodular skin lesions and it is difficult for diagnosis due to diverse etiology. Etiological factors include congenital infections, intrauterine hemolytic disease, multifocal vascular abnormalities, and neoplastic conditions. Congenital neonatal leukemia is rare disease and it is usually revealed during the first month of life. Clinical case description. This clinical case presents a patient with congenital acute myeloid leukemia and severe skin manifestations. Treatment has included risk-adapted chemotherapy with subsequent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a haploidentical donor (father). Conclusion. The significance of multidisciplinary approach in management of patients with congenital leukemias consist of timely determination of the disease variant, prognostic risk group, and initiation of programmed treatment.
Acne Vulgaris in Adolescents: Scientific Evidence for Optimizing Treatment Regimens via Dermatocosmetics
Authors: Araviyskaya Elena R. , Murashkin Nikolay N. , Ivanov Roman A.
Published: November 2024

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common skin pathology in adolescents, it is characterized by chronic recurrent inflammatory process affecting the pilosebaceous units. This disease has significant negative effect on both quality of life and psychosocial well-being, resulting in development of various mental disorders and physical discomfort, including not only typical clinical signs, but also post-acne symptom complex. Nowadays, the paramount importance in disease pathophysiology are changes in the skin microbiome caused by interactions between genetic and exposomal factors leading to increased cutaneous fatty secretion by sebocytes and concomitant dysfunction of the epidermal barrier due to ongoing inflammatory process. Current AV treatment options include topical and systemic therapies with various clinical and pharmacological groups. However, most available options (for dermatovenerologists) can provoke dry skin and irritate sensitive adolescent skin due to additional disruption of epidermal barrier and microbiome composition. All together it significantly reduces patient compliance, and, therefore, reduces the treatment success rate. We have to mention that AV management should be carried out for a long time to prevent the recurrence observed in one third of all cases. It emphasizes the topicality of adequate optimization of treatment regimens used in wide clinical practice. In this context, guidelines for skin care have the leading role. It is crucial part of AV management, and it can not only improve compliance, but also increase the efficacy of prescribed drugs through synergistic interactions. Though, the comprehensive analysis of the available core care products, their composition and the effect of their ingredients on the structural and functional integrity of the skin, is required to ensure such effect.