bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISA ENDAPAN SEDIMEN PADA BELOKKAN SUNGAI AKIBAT PERUBAHAN DEBIT ALIRAN (Studi Kasus: Belokan Sungai Batang Kuranji Lokasi Jembatan Siteba Kota Padang)
Authors: Nofrizal Nofrizal , Riko Mhd , Agusman Jeki Tri
Published: July 2022

Sungai Batang Kuranji sebagai salah satu sungai besar di Kota Padang merupakan sungai yang memiliki banyak meander (belokkan). Kondisi morfologi sungai yang demikian cenderung mengakibatkan aliran air yang terjadi mengarah ke daerah tertentu di sisi luar belokkan. Analisa dengan judul “ Analisa Endapan Sedimen Pada Belokkan Sungai Akibat Perubahan Debit  “, memiliki rumusan masalah Berapa debit dan perubahan debit air serta Berapa Volume Sedimen pada pada sungai batang Kuranji, Kota Padang Sematera Barat. Tujuan Analisa ini adalah mencari hasil dari perubahan debit air dan volume sedimen akibat debit banjir pada sungai Batang Kuranji, Kota Padang Sumatera barat.Analisa ini menggunakan metoda Hasper, Rasional serta menggunkan Poter-Meyer-Muller untuk mencapai hasil akhir Analisa ini. Dengan data Primer yang didapat secara langsung dan data Sekunder yang telah ada dalam jurnal-jurnal terkait. Landasan teori yang dipakai adalah Hidrologi dan Hidrolika Sungai.Sesuai Analisa yang telah dilakukan didapat kesimpulan bahwa Debit air yang mendekati rata-rata untuk kala ulang 20 tahun adalah 238,81 m3/s. Serta dari hasil Analisa tersebut pula didapatkan hasil Volume Sedimen sebesar 981,11 m3/sekali banjir , dengan konsentrasi sedimen 0,000077. Dari data tersebut didapatkan data visual yakni terjadinya pendangkalan dan juga penumpukan pada Sebagian sungai di belokkan, sehingga dapat disarankan untuk melakukan normalisasi sebagai pengatasan masalah tersebut.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN DESAIN STRUKTUR GEDUNG BETON BERTULANG SISTEM RANGKA PEMIKUL MOMEN KHUSUS (SRPMK) DAN SISTEM GANDA (DUAL SYSTEM) DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Agus Agus , Cahya Fazi Oktoferian
Published: July 2022

Kota Padang terletak pada daerah gempa kuat sebagaimana Peta Wilayah Gempa Indonesia 2017. Untuk membangun Gedung di daerah rawan gempa kuat, terdapat beberapa sistem struktur yang direkomendasikan, diantaranya adalah Sistem Rangka Pemikul Momen Khusus (SRPMK) dan Sistem Ganda (Dual System). Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menganilisis perbandingan desain bangunan beton bertulang kedua sistem struktur tersebut ( SRPMK dan Dual System) yang terletak di kota Padang. Model bangunan beton bertulang 6 tingkat didesain sebagai  Sistem Rangka Pemikul Momen Khusus (SRPMK) dan Sistem Ganda (Dual System) untuk mengetahui perbandingan dari respon masing-masing bangunan terhadap beban-beban yang terjadi serta untuk mengetahui penggunaan sistem struktur yang efisien. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi SAP2000 versi 14. Perancangan bangunan gedung ini berdasarkan persyaratan Beton Struktural untuk Bangunan Gedung (SNI 2847-2013) dan persyaratan Perencanaan Gempa untuk Struktur Bangunan Gedung dan Non Gedung (SNI 1726-2019). Perencanaan ini dimulai dari menentukan data-data dasar perencanaan dan pembebanan yang terjadi pada struktur. Pembebanan dihitung berdasarkan denah lantai dan fungsi bangunan. Perhitungan pembebanan dilakukan mengikuti persyaratan Beban Minimum untuk Perancangan Bangunan Gedung dan Struktur Lain (SNI 1727-2013). Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan, dapat dilihat bahwa bangunan yang menggunakan Sistem Rangka Pemikul Momen Khusus (SRPMK) memiliki displacement dan drift yang lebih besar jika di bandingkan dengan bangunan yang menggunakan Sistem Ganda (Dual System), meskipun keduanya masih dalam batas yang diizinkan. Sedangkan dari dimensi penampang kolom, pada Sistem Ganda (Dual System) memiliki dimensi kolom yang lebih kecil dari banguan yang menggunakan Sistem Rangka Pemikul Momen Khusus (SRPMK). Walau bagaimanapun, berdasarkan analisis dinamis pada kedua model struktur bangunan, pada dasarnya model struktur Sistem Rangka Pemikul Momen Khusus (SRPMK) didapati lebih efisien.
PERANCANGAN USER INTERFACE SISTEM INFORMASI E-REPOSITORY KARYA ILMIAH PADA AKADEMI KEPERAWATAN BAITURRAHMAH PADANG BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Nelfira Nelfira , Arman Arman , Elizamiharti Elizamiharti , Sari Amelia Rafika
Published: July 2022

This study aims to produce a user interface for scientific work repository information systems that are useful for facilitating the Baiturahmah Nursing Academy in searching for scientific work references online. Scientific works are scientific essays that present general facts and are written according to the correct writing methodology and the truth can be proven, the opinions in scientific works are always accompanied by supporting evidence, for that the process of storing scientific works can be arranged in a structured manner. The management of scientific works from the Baiturrahmah Nursing Academy community is currently still manual, the process to access scientific works is done by borrowing directly from the library. The method used in this research is the Waterfall Model System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and system design tools using the UML model. While the programming language and database design used the PHP programming language and MySQL database. The results of this study are a scientific work repository application that can be accessed online which provides convenience in the process of storing scientific papers, making it easier for the Baiturrahmah Nursing Academy to find references for writing scientific papers.
ANALISIS TINGKAT LABOUR UTILITATION RATE (LUR) PRODUKTIVITAS TENAGA KERJA PADA PEKERJAAAN PASANGAN BATA PEMBANGUNAN GIS 150 kV KOTA PADANG
Authors: Honesti Leli , Yusnita Yessy
Published: July 2022

One of the elements that affect the achievement of construction project objectives is labor productivity. The level of labor productivity can be measured in various ways, where one method that is already known is the Labor Utilization Rate (LUR) method. Here it is assessed how much the LUR level of each worker is, namely the level of effectiveness of workers at work. Several factors that can affect the level of productivity, in this case are age, work experience, education level, wage suitability, health, relations between workers, and managerial. The purpose of this research is to 1). determine the level of Labor Utilization Rate (LUR) of labor productivity; 2). determine the factors that influence age, work experience, education level, wage suitability, health, relations between workers, and managerial on labor productivity and, 3) determine which factors are the most dominant influencing productivity levels in bricklaying work. The research was conducted at the 150 kV GIS construction project in Padang City by observing the productivity level of each 10 workers for 3 days and accompanied by filling out a questionnaire. Based on observations in the field, then taking and collecting data, namely productivity data and questionnaires, then data processing was carried out with the help of the SPSS version 21 program. the 150 kV GIS development project in Padang City is 89.29% > 50%. This shows productive because it is more than 50%. Variables that have been determined, with a significance value of 0.053 > 0.05, so that it simultaneously has no effect. Then, partially age with a sig value of 0.011 <0.05 and work experience with a sig of 0.041 <0.05, so that it affects the level of productivity. From this study also found that managerial variables have an effect, which is the most dominant, which has a beta value of 1.953.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP PEKERJA TAMBANG BATUBARA TENTANG KESELAMATAN KERJA DI PT. SURYA ANUGRAH SEJAHTERA PROV. JAMBI
Authors: Herlina Yeni , Asih Wenny Murdina
Published: July 2022

Keselamatan Kerja salah satu aspek perlindungan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerjas Undang-undang No.1 tahun 1970 pentingnya pengelolaan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja di sektor tambang tersebut pemerintah mengeluarkan peraturan tentang Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja khusus tambang yaitu KEPDIRJEN MINERBA Kemektivitas nasional. ntrian ESDM Nomor 185.K/37.04/DJB/2019 Untuk  mencegah  kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja maka pentingnya pengetahuan dan sikap tenaga kerja yang baik dalam penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja di tempat kerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran pengetahuan  dan sikap pekerja tambang batubara tentang keselamatan kerja di Blok PIT 1A PT. Surya Anugrah Sejahtera Kabupaten Bungo. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan jumlah responden 33 orang pekerja. Cara pengambilan sampel dengan seluruh anggota populasi dijadikan subyek penelitian, penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari sampai bulan November 2021 dan teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan angket. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sebanyak 51,5% pekerja tambang batu bara memiliki pengetahuan tinggi  tentang keselamatan kerja dan sebanyak 60,6% pekerja memiliki sikap positif tentang keselamatan kerja. Diharapkan kepada pihak perusahaan agar pekerja memiliki pengetahuan rendah dan sikap negatif tentang keselamatan kerja mendapat penyuluhan dan pelatihan tentang keselamatan kerja tambang, khususnya tambang batubara terbuka.
PERANAN DESA ADAT DALAM PENANGANAN PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DESA DALUNG KECAMATAN KUTA UTARA KABUPATEN BADUNG PROVINSI BALI
Authors: Bhakti I Gede Umbu , Artadi I Putu Hardi Surya , Budiman La Arif
Published: July 2022

This research was based on the increasment of the positive cases of COVID-19 which is absolutely huge cases. This afected towards the villagers economic which is the task of the traditional village in controlling, efforting, and serving the implementation of Parahyangan, Pawongan and Palemahan in Traditional Village therefore the role of the traditional village is exactly needed to conserve the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research aimed to know the role of traditional village in conserving the Covid-19 pandemic, also knowing the factors which are able to decrease the Pandemic case of Covid-19 and the effort that the traditional village to be done in conserving the Pandemic of Covid-19 at Dalung Village North Kuta District Badung Regency Bali Province. Normatively, this research refers to Bali Provincial Regulation Number 4 of 2019 about Traditional Village in Bali and teoritically this research refers to synergy theory by Stephen R. Covey. This research was qualitative using descriptive method and inductive approach. The technique of data gathered through interview, observation, and documentation. The technique of data analyzis was through data gathered, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The result of this research showed that the role of the traditional village in conserving the Pandemic of Covid-19 is already optimal which is showed by the amount case of Covid-19 has decreased, even though the obstacle is stil exist such as the people still disobey the health protocol, but this has been followed up by pecalang and giving sanctions for those who violate the Covid-19 health protocol.
The Somatechnics of Cognition, Memory and Desire in Salman Rushdie’s Quichotte and Fury
Authors: Sinha Swatee , Roy Anjali Gera
Published: July 2022

The accelerated use of technical prostheses as assistive devices has resulted in an externalisation of the site of cognition outside the sensory-motor neural apparatus. This has in turn problematised the notion of embodied cognition and corporeal integrity. Bernard Stiegler in For a New Critique of Political Economy (2010a) states that human beings not only evolve and mature genetically but ‘extragenetically’ and ‘epiphylogenetically’, that is through artificial prostheses or means which are not organic. The ‘exosomatization’ ( Stiegler 2019 ) of the cognitive processes of memory and desire through tools, language, artifacts and technical memory banks has resulted in the formation of hybrid milieus of cognition arising out of an enjambment of soma, that is the body with its neural circuits, and external technics or prostheses that are designed to augment neural receptivity through an amplification of sensory-motor experiences. If the act of memory entails a recapitulation and retention of the past, desire as protention involves a transmission of this past into the future. Such anticipations of the future are increasingly mediated through analogue and digital modes of transmission resulting in the emergence of trans-corporeal sites of cognition. As we adapt to the grammar of analogue broadcasting and navigate through grammes of computational data, we experience a heightened discretisation or fragmentation of the organic plane of consciousness into bits of information. This accelerated discretisation of our cognitive abilities results in a breakdown of the accretive nuances of memory and desire as embodied/somatic processes. Through a close reading of Salman Rushdie’s novels Quichotte (2019) and Fury (2001), this article explores synaptic connections between the human and the non-human as parts of multi-componential apparatuses of memory and desire. It puts forward the thesis that the welding together of an artificial digital memory and the organic biochemistry of cognition alters the preconditions of desire and intelligibility as somatic processes.
Geology as Somatechnics: Re-imagining Human and Technology Entanglements in Geologies of the Future
Authors: Tien Jianni , Florence Eloise
Published: July 2022

In this article we offer a textual analysis informed by feminist framings of the geologic as a somatechnic research practice. The turn to geology in recent feminist scholarship responds to the explosion of discourse on the Anthropocene (itself a geologic term) interrogating the power relations implicit in geology as a seemingly objective research practice and epistemology. We use this theoretical standpoint on geology to analyse two literary representations of geologies of the future –  Dawn by Octavia Butler and Earth After Us by Jan Zalasiewicz. In Earth After Us, aliens of the future mine the depths of the earth to understand humans’ relationship with the planet and planetary annihilation. In Dawn, aliens mine the geology of human flesh and genetics to understand the same thing. Through our analysis we demonstrate the ways that geology, as a specifically Western epistemology and research practice, relies on the distinction between the body – ‘bio’ – and nature – ‘geo’ – that Povinelli has termed ‘Geontopower’ (2016). Geontopower traces the ways that the research practices and epistemologies of geology are built from Western perspectives, that in turn are built on the backs of bodies – the slave power that built empires, as well as the long fossilised bodies that have powered capitalism. Through a feminist lens we demonstrate how these text’s representations of future geologies articulate a somatechnics in which bodies and technologies are intertwined. We argue that thinking geologically is a somatechnical research practice that reveals the extractive epistemologies implicit in ‘the White Geology of the Anthropocene’ ( Yusoff 2018 ). We conclude by offering a somatechnic geology in which the entangled relationships between bodies and systems of colonialism and capitalism are acknowledged as imbricated in the layers of flesh of humans and the planet alike, in order to imagine more just futures in an era of ecological urgency.
Wild Self-Care
Authors: Clay Simon
Published: July 2022

Self-care has become a major topic in recent years; everyone seems to be talking about it. Within the academy, discussions on self-care often revolve around the neoliberalisation of self-care, how these practices commodify bodies and lives, and the intimate relationship between the biomedical model of health and self-care. This article takes a radical departure from the current purview of self-care discussions and offers an emancipatory alternative: ‘wild self-care’. This ‘wild’ model of self-care considers how creative, alternative, transgressive, and/or unexpected forms of care can be legitimate ways of pursuing well-being. Wild self-care is highly emotional in nature, articulates the way care is inherently communal, and ultimately grounded in the pursuit for agency. Drawing from a set of interviews conducted with 16 individuals in Aotearoa New Zealand and Australia who identified as a gay/queer man or a member of the gay community, I describe a range of different wild self-care practices and demonstrate how sex work, drug use, sex in public, kink, and alternative forms of political activism can be used as legitimate ways of caring for the self and pursuing well-being.
Investigation of Sodium Benzoate and Potassium Sorbate in Anti-Diabetic Herbal Drugs
Authors: Islam Nazmul , Faruque Md. Omar , Zamir Rausan
Published: July 2022

The objective of the study was to assess sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate in some anti-diabetic herbal drugs (ADHDs) collected from local markets using UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. Analytes were measured in bulk and finished drug formulations at 224 nm for Sodium benzoate and 254.5 nm for potassium sorbate. The calibration curve obeyed Beer’s law in the range of 0-40 ppm for sodium benzoate and 0-50 ppm for potassium sorbate and passed the goodness of fit evaluation. Limit of detection, LOD and limit of quantification, LOQ for sodium benzoate was 0.13 pm and 0.40 ppm respectively. The limit of detection, LOD and limit of quantification country is unknown. To conclude, whether the herbal drugs are safe to consume in terms of preservatives, more assessment is required., LOQ for potassium sorbate were 0.28 pm and 0.85 ppm respectively. No samples crossed safety limits for sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate. Overall picture of preservative content in herbal drugs of the country is unknown and, in this study, we identified both preservatives in the drug samples. To conclude, whether the herbal drugs are safe to consume in terms of preservatives, more assessment is required.
Non-Stationary Vibratory Signatures Bearing Fault Detection Using Alternative Novel Kurtosis-based Statistical Analysis
Authors: Kasim Nur Adilla , Mohamed Mohd Ghafran , Nuawi Mohd Zaki
Published: July 2022

Vibration signature-based analysis to detect and diagnose is the commonly used technique in the monitoring of rotating machinery. Reliable features will determine the efficacy of diagnosis and prognosis results in the field of machine condition monitoring. This study intends to produce a reliable set of signal features through an alternative statistical characteristic before available relevant prediction methods. Given the above advantage of Kurtosis, a newly formed feature extraction analysis is adapted to extract a single coefficient out of EMD-based pre-processing vibration signal data for bearing fault detection monitoring. Each set of IMFs data is analyzed using the Z-rotation method to extract the data coefficient. Afterwards, the Z-rot coefficients, RZ are presented on the base of the specification of the defect vibratory signal to observe which IMF data set has the highest correlation over the specification given. Throughout the analysis studies, the RZ shows some significant non-linearity in the measured impact. For that reason, the Z-rotation method has effectively determined the strong correlation that existed in some of the IMFs components of the bearing fault. It corresponds to the first IMF for the inner race and the rolling ball specified a strong RZ coefficient with the highest correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9653 (1750 rpm) and R2 = 0.9518 (1772 rpm), respectively. Whereas, the 4th IMF decomposition for the outer race bearing fault scored is R2 = 0.8865 (1772 rpm). Meanwhile, the average R-squared score in the correlation between RZ coefficient and bearing fault throughout the study is R2 = 0.8915. Thus, it can be utilized to be the alternative feature extraction findings for monitoring bearing conditions.
On Some Properties of Determinants of Bicomplex Matrices
Authors: KUMAR JOGENDRA
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we have studied Determinants of Bicomplex Matrices and investigated their properties. We have introduced Bicomplex Symmetric Matrix, Bicomplex Skew-Symmetric Matrix, Bicomplex idempotent matrix, Bicomplex Skew-idempotent matrix, Bicomplex Involutory matrix, Bicomplex skew-involutory matrix, three types of Hermetian and Skew-Hermetian Matrix, Bicomplex Orthogonal Matrix and three types of Unitary Matrix and investigated the properties of their determinants.
Convergence Analysis and Approximate Optimal Temporal Step Sizes for Some Finite Difference Methods Discretising Fisher's Equation
Authors: Agbavon Koffi Messan , Appadu Appanah Rao , Inan Bilge , Tenkam Herve Michel
Published: July 2022

In this study, we obtain a numerical solution for Fisher's equation using a numerical experiment with three different cases. The three cases correspond to different coefficients for the reaction term. We use three numerical methods namely; Forward-Time Central Space (FTCS) scheme, a Nonstandard Finite Difference (NSFD) scheme, and the Explicit Exponential Finite Difference (EEFD) scheme. We first study the properties of the schemes such as positivity, boundedness, and stability and obtain convergence estimates. We then obtain values of L1 and L∞ errors in order to obtain an estimate of the optimal time step size at a given value of spatial step size. We determine if the optimal time step size is influenced by the choice of the numerical methods or the coefficient of reaction term used. Finally, we compute the rate of convergence in time using L1 and L∞ errors for all three methods for the three cases.
Quantitative Analysis by 3D Graphics of Thoraco-Abdominal Surface Shape and Breathing Motion
Authors: Aliverti Andrea , Lacca Davide , LoMauro Antonella
Published: July 2022

Chest wall motion can provide information on respiratory muscles' action and on critical vital signs, like respiration and cardiac activity. The chest wall is a structure with three compartments that are independent to each other and can move paradoxically according to the pathophysiology of the disease. Opto-electronic plethysmography (OEP) allows for non-invasively 3D tracking of body movements. We aimed to extend the characteristics of OEP analysis to local analyses of thoraco-abdominal surface geometry and kinematics during respiration. Starting from the OEP output file, the 3D markers’ coordinates were combined with a triangulation matrix. A smoothing procedure (an automatic and iterative interpolation process to increase the number of vertices from 93 to 548) was applied to allow for precise local analysis of the thoraco-abdominal surface. A series of measurements can be performed to characterize the geometry of the trunk and its three compartments, in terms of volumes, height, diameters, perimeters, and area. Some shape factors, such as surface-to-volume ratio or height-to-perimeter ratio, can be also computed. It was also possible to build the vector field associated with the breathing motion of all the vertices, in terms of magnitude and motion direction. The vector field data were analyzed and displayed through two graphic tools: a 3D heatmap, in which the magnitude of motion was associated to different colors, and a 3D arrow plot, that allowed us to visualize both the magnitude and the direction of motion with color-coded arrows. The methods were applied to 10 healthy subjects (5 females) and also applied to two cases: a pregnant woman at each trimester of gestation and a patient before and after a demolition thoracic surgery. The results proved to be coherent with the physiology of healthy subjects and the physiopathology of the cases. We developed a new non-invasive method for respiratory analysis that allowed for the creation of realistic 3D models of the local and global trunk surface during respiration. The proposed representation constituted a very intuitive method to visualize and compare thoraco-abdominal surface movements within and between subjects, therefore enforcing the potential clinical translational value of the method.
Deconvolution of a Large Cohort of Placental Microarray Data Reveals Clinically Distinct Subtypes of Preeclampsia
Authors: Yao Tian , Liu Qiming , Tian Weidong
Published: July 2022

It has been well established that the dysfunctional placenta plays an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE), a hypertensive disorder in pregnancy. However, it is not well understood how individual cell types in the placenta are involved in placenta dysfunction because of limited single-cell studies of placenta with PE. Given that a high-resolution single-cell atlas in the placenta is now available, deconvolution of publicly available bulk PE transcriptome data may provide us with the opportunity to investigate the contribution of individual placental cell types to PE. Recent benchmark studies on deconvolution have provided suggestions on the strategy of marker gene selection and the choice of methodologies. In this study, we experimented with these suggestions by using real bulk data with known cell-type proportions and established a deconvolution pipeline using CIBERSORT. Applying the deconvolution pipeline to a large cohort of PE placental microarray data, we found that the proportions of trophoblast cells in the placenta were significantly different between PE and normal controls. We then predicted cell-type-level expression profiles for each sample using CIBERSORTx and found that the activities of several canonical PE-related pathways were significantly altered in specific subtypes of trophoblasts in PE. Finally, we constructed an integrated expression profile for each PE sample by combining the predicted cell-type-level expression profiles of several clinically relevant placental cell types and identified four clusters likely representing four PE subtypes with clinically distinct features. As such, our study showed that deconvolution of a large cohort of placental microarray provided new insights about the molecular mechanism of PE that would not be obtained by analyzing bulk expression profiles.
Repetitive DNA Sequences in the Human Y Chromosome and Male Infertility
Authors: Xu Yong , Pang Qianqian
Published: July 2022

The male-specific Y chromosome, which is well known for its diverse and complex repetitive sequences, has different sizes, genome structures, contents and evolutionary trajectories from other chromosomes and is of great significance for testis development and function. The large number of repetitive sequences and palindrome structure of the Y chromosome play an important role in maintaining the stability of male sex determining genes, although they can also cause non-allelic homologous recombination within the chromosome. Deletion of certain Y chromosome sequences will lead to spermatogenesis disorders and male infertility. And Y chromosome genes are also involved in the occurrence of reproductive system cancers and can increase the susceptibility of other tumors. In addition, the Y chromosome has very special value in the personal identification and parentage testing of male-related cases in forensic medicine because of its unique paternal genetic characteristics. In view of the extremely high frequency and complexity of gene rearrangements and the limitations of sequencing technology, the analysis of Y chromosome sequences and the study of Y-gene function still have many unsolved problems. This article will introduce the structure and repetitive sequence of the Y chromosome, summarize the correlation between Y chromosome various sequence deletions and male infertility for understanding the repetitive sequence of Y chromosome more systematically, in order to provide research motivation for further explore of the molecules mechanism of Y-deletion and male infertility and theoretical foundations for the transformation of basic research into applications in clinical medicine and forensic medicine.
Folate Carrier Deficiency Drives Differential Methylation and Enhanced Cellular Potency in the Neural Plate Border
Authors: Alata Jimenez Nagif , Strobl-Mazzulla Pablo H.
Published: July 2022

The neural plate border (NPB) of vertebrate embryos segregates from the neural and epidermal regions, and it is comprised of an intermingled group of multipotent progenitor cells. Folate is the precursor of S-adenosylmethionine, the main methyl donor for DNA methylation, and it is critical for embryonic development, including the specification of progenitors which reside in the NPB. Despite the fact that several intersecting signals involved in the specification and territorial restriction of NPB cells are known, the role of epigenetics, particularly DNA methylation, has been a matter of debate. Here, we examined the temporal and spatial distribution of the methyl source and analyzed the abundance of 5mC/5 hmC and their epigenetic writers throughout the segregation of the neural and NPB territories. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) on Reduced Folate Carrier 1 (RFC1)-deficient embryos leads to the identification of differentially methylated regions (DMRs). In the RFC1-deficient embryos, we identified several DMRs in the Notch1 locus, and the spatiotemporal expression of Notch1 and its downstream target gene Bmp4 were expanded in the NPB. Cell fate analysis on folate deficient embryos revealed a significant increase in the number of cells coexpressing both neural (SOX2) and NPB (PAX7) markers, which may represent an enhancing effect in the cellular potential of those progenitors. Taken together, our findings propose a model where the RFC1 deficiency drives methylation changes in specific genomic regions that are correlated with a dysregulation of pathways involved in early development such as Notch1 and BMP4 signaling. These changes affect the potency of the progenitors residing in the juncture of the neural plate and NPB territories, thus driving them to a primed state.
Selective Secretion of KDEL-Bearing Proteins: Mechanisms and Functions
Authors: Palazzo F. C. , Sitia R. , Tempio T.
Published: July 2022

In multicellular organisms, cells must continuously exchange messages with the right meaning, intensity, and duration. Most of these messages are delivered through cognate interactions between membrane and secretory proteins. Their conformational maturation is assisted by a vast array of chaperones and enzymes, ensuring the fidelity of intercellular communication. These folding assistants reside in the early secretory compartment (ESC), a functional unit that encompasses endoplasmic reticulum (ER), intermediate compartment and cis-Golgi. Most soluble ESC residents have C-terminal KDEL-like motifs that prevent their transport beyond the Golgi. However, some accumulate in the ER, while others in downstream stations, implying different recycling rates. Moreover, it is now clear that cells can actively secrete certain ESC residents but not others. This essay discusses the physiology of their differential intracellular distribution, and the mechanisms that may ensure selectivity of release.
Progress on Multifunction Enzyme-Activated Organic Fluorescent Probes for Bioimaging
Authors: Lian Jie , Wang Yipeng , Sun Xiaomeng , Shi Quanshi , Meng Fanda
Published: July 2022

Bioimaging techniques are of increasing importance in clinical and related fields, which also have been successfully applied in the in vivo/in vitro imaging system. Due to the vital factor of enzymes in biological systems, enzyme-activated fluorophores, which could turn “on” the fluorescence signal from an “off” state, offer non-invasive and effective potential for the accurate bioimaging of particular cells, tissues, or bacteria. Comparing with the traditional imaging probes, enzyme-activated organic small fluorophores can visualize living cells within small animals with high sensitivity, high imaging resolution, non-invasiveness, and real-time feedback. In this mini review, well-designed enzyme-activated organic fluorescent probes with multiple functions are exclusively reviewed through the latest development and progress, focusing on probe design strategy, fluorescence property, enzyme activation process, and bioimaging applications. It is worth noting that multi-enzyme-activated strategies, which could avoid the production of “false-positive” signals in complex biological systems, effectively provide high selective and real-time bioimaging, indicating the exciting potential of intraoperative fluorescence imaging and diagnosis tools.
Prebiotic Chemistry: The Role of Trimetaphosphate in Prebiotic Chemical Evolution
Authors: Gan Dingwei , Ying Jianxi , Zhao Yufen
Published: July 2022

Life’s origins have always been a scientific puzzle. Understanding the production of biomolecules is crucial for understanding the evolution of life on Earth. Numerous studies on trimetaphosphate have been conducted in the field of prebiotic chemistry. However, its role in prebiotic chemistry has been documented infrequently in the review literature. The goal of this thesis is to review the role of trimetaphosphate in the early Earth’s biomolecule synthesis and phosphorylation. Additionally, various trimetaphosphate-mediated reaction pathways are discussed, as well as the role of trimetaphosphate in prebiotic chemistry. Finally, in our opinion, interactions between biomolecules should be considered in prebiotic synthesis scenarios since this may result in some advances in subsequent research on this subject. The research establishes an essential and opportune foundation for an in-depth examination of the “mystery of life".
Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein-Based Vaccine: a Distant Dream
Authors: Kar Sonalika , Sinha Abhinav
Published: July 2022

The neglected but highly prevalent Plasmodium vivax in South-east Asia and South America poses a great challenge, with regards to long-term in-vitro culturing and heavily limited functional assays. Such visible challenges as well as narrowed progress in development of experimental research tools hinders development of new drugs and vaccines. The leading vaccine candidate antigen Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein (PvDBP), is essential for reticulocyte invasion by binding to its cognate receptor, the Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines (DARC), on the host’s reticulocyte surface. Despite its highly polymorphic nature, the amino-terminal cysteine-rich region II of PvDBP (PvDBPII) has been considered as an attractive target for vaccine-mediated immunity and has successfully completed the clinical trial Phase 1. Although this molecule is an attractive vaccine candidate against vivax malaria, there is still a question on its viability due to recent findings, suggesting that there are still some aspects which needs to be looked into further. The highly polymorphic nature of PvDBPII and strain-specific immunity due to PvDBPII allelic variation in Bc epitopes may complicate vaccine efficacy. Emergence of various blood-stage antigens, such as PvRBP, PvEBP and supposedly many more might stand in the way of attaining full protection from PvDBPII. As a result, there is an urgent need to assess and re-assess various caveats connected to PvDBP, which might help in designing a long-term promising vaccine for P. vivax malaria. This review mainly deals with a bunch of rising concerns for validation of DBPII as a vaccine candidate antigen for P. vivax malaria.
The First Molecular Genotyping of Naegleria fowleri Causing Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis in Thailand With Epidemiology and Clinical Case Reviews
Authors: Soontrapa Pannathat , Jitmuang Anupop , Ruenchit Pichet , Tiewcharoen Supathra , Sarasombath Patsharaporn T. , Rattanabannakit Chatchawan
Published: July 2022

Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare and fatal central nervous system infection caused by Naegleria fowleri, a free-living amoeba found in the environment. To date, eight pathogenic N. fowleri genotypes have been reported worldwide. We aimed to explore the genotypes of N. fowleri that cause primary amebic meningoencephalitis in Thailand. In 2021, the 17th PAM case was reported, and a retrospective literature search of PAM cases in Thailand from 1982 through April 2021 was performed. Phylogenetic and genotyping analyses of the two mitochondrial (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA) and nuclear (ITS1 and 5.8s rRNA) genes of N. fowleri were performed on four available clinical isolates. Based on the mitochondrial and nuclear genes, N. fowleri genotype T3 was found to cause PAM in three out of four cases. However, disagreement between the genotype based on the mitochondrial and nuclear genes was found in one of the PAM cases, in which the 12S rRNA locus suggested the causative genotype as T1, while the ITS1 implied genotype T4. The discrepancy between the mitochondrial and nuclear genome was previously observed, which suggests the possible horizontal gene transfer among N. fowleri species. Based on the ITS1 gene, two N. fowleri genotypes, T3 and T4, were found to be the genotypes causing PAM in this study. In addition, N. fowleri genotype T2 was previously reported in a traveler who was infected in Thailand. Thus, at least three genotypes (T2, T3, and T4) of N. fowleri are found to be associated with PAM in Thailand.
Multimodality and English for Special Purposes: Signification and Transduction in Architecture and Civil Engineering Models
Authors: Hellwig Anne F. J. , Jones Pauline T. , Matruglio Erika , Georgiou Helen
Published: July 2022

The applied disciplines of architecture and civil engineering require students to communicate multimodally, and to manipulate meaning across media and modes, such as image, writing or moving image. In their disciplinary studies for example, students must be able to transform the language of lectures and textbooks into models and diagrams. In their future workplaces, they will commonly be required to transform reports and legal documents into floor plans and digital & physical 3D models. Such multimodal literacy, however, is not typically reflected in their related subject-specific English language courses, especially in Germany, where a text-centric approach is favored. To better reflect the demands placed upon them, students in two courses of English for Architecture and Civil Engineering were tasked with creating digital, multimodal artifacts to explain a concept from either of these fields to a lay audience. The resultant artifacts used a wide variety of semiotic resources to make meaning, including a total of 26 separate architectural and civil engineering models. This is a quantity sufficiently large enough to invite closer examination, and also reflects the important role models play in the fields of architecture and civil engineering, both at university and in the workplace. This paper suggests that models of this kind exist within a system of signs, in which meaning is created in the relationships between the signs. The process of transforming one resource into another also invites the consideration of the artifacts in terms of the notion of “transduction”, to discern how meaning changes between contexts, practices and modes and to contribute to existing literature on multimodal texts in tertiary education, particularly within a language-learning context.
Impact of Non-cardiac Comorbidities on Long-Term Clinical Outcomes and Health Status After Acute Heart Failure in China
Authors: Huo Xiqian , Zhang Lihua , Bai Xueke , He Guangda , Li Jiaying , Miao Fengyu , Lu Jiapeng , Liu Jiamin , Zheng Xin , Li Jing
Published: July 2022

Background

Individual non-cardiac comorbidities are prevalent in HF; however, few studies reported how the aggregate burden of non-cardiac comorbidities affects long-term outcomes, and it is unknown whether this burden is associated with changes in health status.

Aims

To assess the association of the overall burden of non-cardiac comorbidities with clinical outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF).

Methods

We prospectively enrolled patients hospitalized for HF from 52 hospitals in China. Eight key non-cardiac comorbidities [diabetes, chronic renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), anemia, stroke, cancer, peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and liver cirrhosis] were included, and patients were categorized into four groups: none, one, two, and three or more comorbidities. We fitted Cox proportional hazards models to assess the burden of comorbidities on 1-year death and rehospitalization.

Results

Of the 4,866 patients, 25.3% had no non-cardiac comorbidity, 32.2% had one, 22.9% had two, and 19.6% had three or more in China. Compared with those without non-cardiac comorbidities, patients with three or more comorbidities had higher risks of 1-year all-cause death [heart rate, HR 1.89; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.48–2.39] and all-rehospitalization (HR 1.35; 95%CI 1.15–1.58) after adjustment. Although all patients with HF experienced a longitudinal improvement in QoL in the 180 days after discharge, those with three or more non-cardiac comorbidities had an unadjusted 11.4 (95%CI −13.4 to −9.4) lower Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) scores than patients without comorbidities. This difference decreased to −6.4 (95%CI −8.6 to −4.2) after adjustment for covariates.

Conclusion

Among patients hospitalized with HF in this study, a higher burden of non-cardiac comorbidities was significantly associated with worse health-related QoL (HRQoL), increased risks of death, and rehospitalization post-discharge. The findings highlight the need to address the management of comorbidities effectively in standardized HF care.
Characteristics of Very High-Power, Short-Duration Radiofrequency Applications
Authors: Orbán Gábor , Salló Zoltán , Perge Péter , Ábrahám Pál , Piros Katalin , Nagy Klaudia Vivien , Osztheimer István , Merkely Béla , Gellér László , Szegedi Nándor
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Pulmonary vein isolation is the cornerstone of rhythm-control therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF). The very high-power, short-duration (vHPSD) radiofrequency (RF) ablation is a novel technology that favors resistive heating while decreasing the role of conductive heating. Our study aimed to evaluate the correlations between contact force (CF), power, impedance drop (ID), and temperature; and to assess their role in lesion formation with the vHPSD technique.

Methods

Consecutive patients who underwent initial point-by-point RF catheter ablation for AF were enrolled in the study. The vHPSD ablation was performed applying 90 W for 4 s with an 8 ml/min irrigation rate.

Results

Data from 85 patients [median age 65 (59–71) years, 34% female] were collected. The median procedure time, left atrial dwelling time, and fluoroscopy time were 70 (60–90) min, 49 (42–58) min, and 7 (5–11) min, respectively. The median RF time was 312 (237-365) sec. No steam pop nor major complications occurred. A total of 6,551 vHPSD RF points were analyzed. The median of CF, maximum temperature, and ID were 14 (10–21) g, 47.6 (45.1–50.4) °C, and 8 (6–10) Ohms, respectively. CF correlated significantly with the maximum temperature (p < 0.0001). A CF of 5 g and above was associated with a significantly higher temperature compared to those lesions with a CF below 5 grams (p < 0.0001). Bilateral first-pass isolation rate was 84%. The 6-month AF-recurrence rate was 7%.

Conclusion

The maximum temperature and CF significantly correlate with each other during vHPSD applications. A CF ≥ 5 g leads to better tissue heating and thus might be more likely to result in good lesion formation, although this clinical study was unable to assess actual lesion sizes.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction With Subsequent Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Su Xin , Wei Yuzhen , Pang Shuo , Zhang Zeqing , Zhang Yunxiao , Zheng Peipei , Li Haiyu , Sang Haiqiang , Dong Jianzeng
Published: July 2022

Objective

Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) post acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a severe clinical condition with a poor prognosis. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the rate of in-hospital mortality in patients with GIB post-AMI and to identify the potential risk factors of this situation.

Methods

In this single-center retrospective study, a total of 154 patients diagnosed with AMI who subsequently suffered GIB were enrolled from October 2013 to December 2021. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical data were collected. The in-hospital mortality was the outcome of interest. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the potential risk factors of in-hospital mortality.

Results

Among the 154 subjects included in the final analysis, the mean age was 65.58 ± 11.20 years, and 104 (67.53%) were males. GIB occurred in 11 patients after thrombolytic therapy, 50 patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and 93 patients during drug conservative treatment. A total of 41 patients died in the hospital. The in-hospital mortality rate of the thrombolysis group, PCI group, and drug conservative treatment group was 27.27% (3/11), 28.00% (14/50), and 25.81% (24/93), respectively. There was no difference in the in-hospital mortality among the three groups. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the peak levels of TnI (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.12, P = 0.011), condition of cardiogenic shock after admission (OR 14.52, 95% CI 3.36–62.62, P < 0.001), and the use of the mechanical ventilator (OR 8.14, 95% CI 2.03–32.59, P = 0.003) were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality.

Conclusion

Regardless of the treatment strategy for AMI, once GIB occurred, the prognosis was poor. High in-hospital mortality in patients with GIB post-AMI was independently associated with the peak levels of TnI, condition of cardiogenic shock, and the use of a mechanical ventilator.
Ocean Dynamics and Methane Plume Activity in Tatar Strait, Far Eastern Federal District, Russia as Revealed by Seawater Chemistry, Hydroacoustics, and Noble Gas Isotopes
Authors: Snyder Glen Tritch , Yatsuk Andrey , Takahata Naoto , Shakirov Renat , Tomaru Hitoshi , Tanaka Kentaro , Obzhirov Anatoly , Salomatin Aleksandr , Aoki Shinsuke , Khazanova Elena , Maryina Evgeniya , Sano Yuji , Matsumoto Ryo
Published: July 2022

This investigation presents methane, noble gas isotopes, CTD, and stable isotopic data for water samples collected in Niskin bottles at Tatar Strait during the spring seasons of 2015 and 2019 onboard the Russian R/V Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev. The results are compared to previous research carried out in 1999 in a nearby portion of the Strait and demonstrate that salinity and temperature can change appreciably. The CTD data from 1999 shows warm surface waters underlain by cold subsurface waters. In contrast, the 2015 data show the CTD data that show warm temperatures and high salinity extending down from the surface well into intermediate waters, while the 2019 data show cold surface waters underlain by even colder subsurface waters. CTD data collected above active gas plume sites along Sakhalin Island’s western shore show no substantial difference in temperature or salinity from the non-plume sites, and the methane concentrations at all of the measured sites are significantly above saturation, even in the shallow waters. Hydroacoustic data also suggest the presence of free gas and gas hydrate–coated methane bubbles from the seafloor at least to the base of upper intermediate waters. All of the intermediate and deep Japan Sea Proper waters in Tatar Strait still retain tritiogenic3He, similar to that observed throughout much of the Japan Sea, indicating limited vertical exchange between these layers and surface waters. An analysis of the δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon in the seawater shows that positive values are limited to surface waters and that the waters become progressively more depleted in13C with depth. The results are consistent with research over the past several decades which has shown that ventilation of intermediate and deep Japan Sea Proper water is somewhat limited, while both the temperature and salinity of surface and subsurface water layers within the strait are sensitive to the balance between cold, less saline waters contributed by the Amur River/Primorye Current from the north and warm, saline waters contributed by the Tsushima Current from the south.