bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microfluidic Actuated and Controlled Systems and Application for Lab-on-Chip in Space Life Science
Authors: Zhao Yimeng , Lv Xuefei , Li Xiaoqiong , Rcheulishvili Nino , Chen Yu , Li Zhe , Deng Yulin
Published: January 2023

The use of space environment to carry out life science research is of great significance. However, there are limitations in complex manipulation, research models based on mammalian and 2-dimensional cell culture experiments, etc. Microfluidic chips possess the characteristics of integrating the relevant functions of traditional laboratories into micron-scale chips, with low energy consumption, high throughput, and automation. The application of microfluidic chips can overcome the challenges of space environments, the scarce experimental resources, and the unmanned operation problems to some extent. Moreover, microfluidic chips can realize long-term experimental operation and remote data recording and transmission. To carry out related research with microfluidic chips, the actuation and control of microfluidics are very important. In this paper, the microfluidic actuated and controlled technologies in microfluidic chips are reviewed, and then the application of microfluidic chips and microfluidic actuated and controlled systems in space life science is also briefly described.
Evaluation of the propensity for innovation activity of the regions of Azerbaijan
Authors: Salifova Tarana Shahvalad
Published: January 2023

Different approaches to the assessment of regional innovation activity were considered in the article. The characteristics of regional innovation activity were investigated. The regions of Azerbaijan were assessed in terms of propensity for innovation activity based on a new methodological approach. The ranking of regions was determined based on indices of propensity to innovation activity. Proposals regarding the development of regional innovation activity have been presented.
Penatalaksanaan Tube Exposed Glaukoma Implant pada Glaukoma Sudut Terbuka
Authors: Arifani Anisa Feby , Prahasta Andika , Gustianty Elsa , Rifada R. Maula , Umbara Sonie
Published: January 2023

Pendahuluan : Glaukoma sudut terbuka primer saat ini masih merupakan kasus utama yang menyebabkan morbiditas okular di negara berkembang. Glaucoma drainage device (GDD) merupakan salah satu penatalaksanaan operasi dalam menangani kasus glaukoma. Tindakan operasi GDD memiliki faktor resiko. Erosi pada implant di konjungtiva dan tube exposed merupakan komplikasi paling sering dalam tindakan operasi GDD.
Tujuan : Untuk melaporkan kasus penatalaksanaan tube exposed glaukoma implant
Presentasi Kasus : Seorang pria, 50 thn datang dengan keluhan tidak nyaman pada mata kanan. Pasien memiliki riwayat operasi glaukoma implant pada mata kanan 5 tahun yang lalu. Pada pemeriksaan opftalmologis mata kanan didapatkan tube exposed disertai dengan injeksi siliar. Pasien kemudian dilakukan penatalaksanaan untuk memperbaiki glaukoma implant dengan menggunakan graft sklera pada mata kanan.
Kesimpulan : Tindakan operasi GDD menjadi salah satu tindakan yang biasa dilakukan untuk penatalaksanaan glaukoma , Tube exposed pada GDD dapat di tatalaksana dengan menggunakan graft sklera.
Perception of Ethics and Professionalism Teaching among Dental Professionals at a Teaching Hospital in Karachi
Authors: Jawed Rubab , Dr Ruqayyah Quresh Hashmi  , Dr Hafsa Usman  , Dr Mehtab  , Dr Saba Sabir
Published: January 2023

Background: Health care professionals come across many ethically difficult situations in their clinical practices and community; the students should be equipped with skills to resolve ethical and professional issues.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Baqai dental college, Karachi. All the faculty members and house officers of the dental teaching hospital were included in the study. The tool used for the data collection was a structured questionnaire, for drawing views of the participants on professionalism and ethics teaching. The survey instrument evaluated two domains; attitudes 25 items, and goals 19 items on ethics and professionalism education. Data were recorded and analyzed in SPSS 24. To compare the responses of both the groups, that is, the house officers and the faculty member’s independent t-test was applied to compare the mean scores. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: The questionnaire was circulated to a total of 157 participants (75 faculty members and 82 house officers) with a 100% response rate. The faculty members and the house officers showed a positive attitude regarding ethics, professionalism, and teachings. The participants agreed with the goals that can be achieved by incorporating professionalism and medical ethics in education. The participant strongly affirmed the learning and teaching of professionalism (4.06 ± 0.989).

Conclusion: The realization of the need to teach ethics and professionalism by dental professionals is the first step to bringing change in their daily clinical practice and interpersonal qualities.

Keywords: Ethics, Professionalism, “Education, Medical”, “Personality development”, “Social Desirability”.
Role of Steroids in Reducing Recurrence of Urethral Stricture after Direct Vision Internal Urethrotomy
Authors: Umer Farooq  , Khan Faraz Basharat , Irfan Ahmad  , Muhammad Nawaz  , Changazi Shabbar Hussain , Muhammad Imran
Published: January 2023

Background: Recurrence of urethral strictures is the most frequent and bothersome complication, with majority of stricturesrecurring after optical internal urethrotomy. The objective of this study was to establish the role of oral steroid therapy after direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) in minimizing recurrence of urethral stricture.

Methodology: It was a randomized controlled trial carried out at Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi from January 2018 to March 2021. A total of 180 male patients with urethral stricture of ≤2 cm were included. Patients with traumatic stricture, post-anastomotic urethroplasty strictures, neurogenic bladder and history of steroid intake were excluded. Patients were randomly categorized into two groups i.e. Group A patients were given oral prednisolone (6 mg tablet twice daily for 4 weeks) while group B was control group. Patients were followed up to 12 months for recurrence of stricture.

Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 44.38 ± 8.03 years while in group B was 46.64 ± 6.66 years. The mean length of stricture in group A was 0.93 ± 0.26 cm and in group B was 0.95 ± 0.27 cm. Recurrence of stricture was seen in 18 (20.0%) patients in group A (oral steroids group) and 42 (46.67%) patients in group B (no oral steroids) with p-value of 0.0001.

Conclusion: Oral prednisolone therapy after internal urethrotomy waseffective in decreasing the rate of recurrence of urethral stricture.

Keywords: Oral, Recurrence, Steroid, Urethral Stricture.
Vertical alignment control of self-ordered multilayered Ge nanodots on SiGe
Authors: Wen Wei-Chen , Schubert Markus Andreas , Tillack Bernd , Yamamoto Yuji
Published: January 2023

Self-ordered multilayered Ge nanodots with SiGe spacers on a Si0.4Ge0.6 virtual substrate are fabricated using reduced-pressure chemical vapor deposition, and the mechanism of vertical ordering is investigated. The process conditions of Ge and SiGe layer deposition are H2-GeH4 at 550 °C and H2-SiH4-GeH4 at 500 °C–550 °C, respectively. By depositing the SiGe at 550 °C or increasing Ge content, the SiGe surface becomes smooth, resulting in vertically aligned Ge nanodots to reduce strain energy. Ge nanodots prefer to grow on the nanodot where the SiGe is relatively tensile strained due to the buried Ge nanodot underneath. By depositing at 500 °C and lowering Ge content, checkerboard-like surface forms, and the following Ge nanodots grow at staggered positions to reduce surface energy. The Ge nanodots are laterally aligned along the elastically soft 〈100〉 direction without pre-structuring resulting from the strain distribution.
Comparing h-BN and MgO tunnel barriers for scaled magnetic tunnel junctions
Authors: Robertson J. , Naganuma H. , Lu H.
Published: January 2023

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) with MgO/Fe based interfaces and perpendicular spin directions form the basis of present-day spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memories. Many semiconductor devices, such as CMOS transistors, have undergone fundamental changes in materials design as dimensional scaling has progressed. Here, we consider how future scaling of MTJs might affect materials choices, comparing different tunnel barriers, such as 2D h-BN materials with existing MgO tunnel barriers. The different interfacial sites of h-BN on Ni or Co are compared in terms of their physisorptive or chemisorptive bonding and how this affects their transmission magnetoresistance, ability to create perpendicular magnetic isotropy, and unusual factors such as the “pillow effect.” These effects are balanced by the beneficial chemical thermodynamics of the existing MgO barriers and MgO/Fe interfaces.
Coherent growth of β-(Al
x
Ga1−x
)2O3 alloy thin films on (010) β-Ga2O3 substrates using mist CVD
Authors: Kaneko Masahiro , Nishinaka Hiroyuki , Kanegae Kazutaka , Yoshimoto Masahiro
Published: January 2023

Herein, we demonstrate β-(Al
x
Ga1−x
)2O3 thin films that were coherently grown on a (010) β-Ga2O3 substrate using mist chemical vapor deposition (CVD). X-ray diffraction and reciprocal space mapping results revealed that the β-(Al
x
Ga1−x
)2O3 thin films were of high-crystalline quality and were grown coherently to attain an Al content of 18.3% as measured by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. Importantly, based on their surface morphologies, the coherently grown β-(Al
x
Ga1−x
)2O3 thin films have atomically flat surfaces. These results indicate that mist CVD is a promising technique for β-(Al
x
Ga1−x
)2O3/β-Ga2O3 heterojunction devices.
Strain-induced tunable optoelectronic properties of inorganic halide perovskites APbCl3 (A = K, Rb, and Cs)
Authors: Islam Md. Rasidul , Mazumder Abdullah Al Mamun , Mojumder Md. Rayid Hasan , Shifat A. S. M. Zadid , Hossain M. Khalid
Published: January 2023

Halide perovskites are promising photovoltaic, solar cell, and semiconductor materials. Density-functional theory (DFT) models address compressive and tensile biaxial strain effects on APbCl3, where A = (K, Rb, and Cs). This research shows how A-cation impacts bandgap energy and band structure. The direct bandgap for KPbCl3, RbPbCl3, and CsPbCl3 is found 1.612, 1.756, and 2.046 eV, respectively; increases from A = K to Cs. When spin–orbital coupling (SOC) is introduced, bandgaps in KPbCl3, RbPbCl3, and CsPbCl3 perovskites are reduced to 0.356, 0.512, and 0.773 eV, respectively. More tensile strain widens the bandgap; compressive strain narrows it. Without SOC, the bandgaps of KPbCl3, RbPbCl3, and CsPbCl3 were tuned from 0.486 to 2.213 eV, 0.778 to 2.289 eV, and 1.168 to 2.432 eV, respectively. When the compressive strain is increased, the dielectric constant of APbCl3 decreases (redshift) and increases (blueshift) as the tensile strain is increased. Strain improves APbCl3 perovskite’s optical performance.
Monte Carlo simulation of the lateral spread for proton beams in voxelized water phantom using GEANT4 platform
Authors: Kaanouch Othmane , Krim Mustapha , Ghazi Ismail , Saidi Kamal , Essaidi El Mehdi , Tantaoui Meriem , Saad El Madani
Published: January 2023

An evaluation of the lateral spread that the proton beams undergo during their interactions with a water phantom has been performed. We calculated and evaluated the dose distribution spatially deposed of protons acceleration up to energies between 70 and 215 MeV using a voxelized water phantom as a 3D detector. A 0.1 mm3 size precision voxel was used to detect and calculate the deposed energy and dose in any area of the water phantom using the GEANT4 platform based on the Monte Carlo method simulation. We find that, regardless of the initial proton energy, the lateral spread follows a parabolic pattern as a function of depth, and the ratio of the radius at the Bragg peak to the depth of the Bragg peak is around 2.8%. A good agreement has been found compared to other analytical models, simulation methods, and especially to experimental data.
Inactivating gram-positive microorganism by using atmospheric pressure discharges with water mist
Authors: Takahashi Kazuo , Yuri Atsushi , Sanada Yosuke , Ohara Tomoya , Ukai Ryota
Published: January 2023

Dusty plasmas corresponding to plasmas containing micro-particles have interested plasma scientists for a few decades. In this study, a plasma including water mist is introduced as the dusty plasma, with potential for applications to biological and other engineering techniques. The plasma with water mist was generated by combining a dielectric barrier discharge with an Ar gas flow transporting the water mist in the atmosphere. The water mist in the discharge enhanced inactivating spores of a microorganism (Geobacillus stearothermophilus). Under these conditions, optical emission of OH radicals from the discharge center was clearly observed. The spores were little affected by the water mist directly introduced to them under the discharge but were effectively inactivated by discharge plasma involving the water mist. The O and N species produced by the metastable Ar in the atmosphere, and possible OH radicals excited by the discharge in the water mist, are discussed as the likely reaction schemes of spore inactivation.
Effects of ion implantation process on defect distribution in SiC SJ-MOSFET
Authors: Fukui Takuya , Ishii Tatsuya , Tawara Takeshi , Takenaka Kensuke , Kato Masashi
Published: January 2023

A superjunction (SJ) structure in power devices is compatible with low specific on-resistance and high breakdown voltage. To fabricate the SJ structure in SiC power devices, the repetition of ion implantation and epitaxial growth processes is a practical method. However, the impact of ion implantation on device performance has rarely been reported. In this study, we measured the carrier lifetime distributions in a SiC MOSFET with an SJ structure using a microscopic free carrier absorption method. Furthermore, we observed the distribution of defects via cathodoluminescence and deep levels via deep-level transient spectroscopy. We observed that Al ion implantation induced defects and reduced the carrier lifetime in the SJ structure. However, N ion implantation does not significantly induce defects. Additionally, Al ion implantation at room temperature exhibited more significant effects than implantation at 500 °C. The results can aid in controlling the carrier lifetime in SiC SJ MOSFETs.
Protected unit distribution near interfaces of chemically amplified resists used for extreme ultraviolet lithography
Authors: Kozawa Takahiro
Published: January 2023

In the nanofabrication, the interfacial effects are a serious issue. The effects of resist interfaces on the dynamics of low-energy (near thermal energy) electrons are among them for extreme ultraviolet lithography. In this study, the interfacial effects on the protected unit distribution (latent image) of chemically amplified resists were investigated using a simulation on the basis of their sensitization and reaction mechanisms. The formation of the latent images of line-and-space patterns with 12–32 nm pitch was calculated, assuming the chemically amplified resists consisting of an acid generator, a photodecomposable quencher, and partially protected acidic polymer. The aspect ratio was 2. The boundary conditions at the resist interfaces had a significant impact on the latent images near the resist interfaces even for the line-and-space patterns with 32 nm pitch. With a decrease of the pitch, the effects of boundary conditions became affecting the latent image even at the center (half-depth).
Pengaruh Pemahaman Akuntansi Terhadap Implementasi SAK EMKM (Survei pada UMKM Kuliner di Kota Bandung)
Authors: Novatiani R. Ait , Sari Diana , Nuryaman  , Asikin Bachtiar , Yuniarti Rita , Novianto Robertus Ary
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian yang dilakukan ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh pemahaman akuntansi terhadap implementasi SAK EMKM. Populasi yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah UMKM kuliner yang berada di Kota Bandung. Sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik convenience sampling sehingga diperoleh sebanyak 60 UMKM Kuliner. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode analisis regresi sederhana dengan SPSS 20. Hasil penelitian memberikan bukti bahwa pemahaman akuntansi semakin baik maka implementasi SAK EMKM semakin baik
Directrices anticipadas durante el periodo de gestación. Aspectos bioéticos y normatividad en México
Authors: Pérez Ferrer Lorena Andrea , Weingerz Mehl Samuel , Madero Mesa Rodrigo
Published: January 2023

Las directrices anticipadas aún no se encuentran legisladas en todos los estados de la República mexicana. En algunos de los estados en los que sí se encuentran legisladas, se prohíbe expresamente su validez durante el periodo de gestación. Lo anterior representa dilemas bioéticos y jurídicos importantes, los cuales revisamos para esclarecer las diversas interrogantes que surgen en materia de la protección tanto del bebé como de la madre gestante. Concluimos que existe una necesidad de desarrollar una ley federal que homologue las directrices anticipadas, garantizando una muerte digna a todos los mexicanos, y que establezca que en caso de encontrarse en periodo de gestación, se busque asesoría por un comité de bioética que apoye a determinar en cada caso particular, las condiciones que favorezcan el desarrollo y supervivencia del bebé, siempre que sea posible, sin recurrir a tratamientos y/o medidas extraordinarias que pongan el riesgo la muerte digna y libre de sufrimiento de la madre.
Transhumanismo, tecnohumanismo y ética
Authors: Benvenga Luca
Published: January 2023

En el presente artículo se describirá y analizará, mediante una revisión de la literatura, el transhumanismo, una compleja corriente de pensamiento cuyo proyecto implica la fusión del individuo y la máquina.

Tras un primer breve análisis sobre los orígenes del transhumanismo, se investiga la vinculación cada vez más fuerte de los paradigmas antropocéntrico y tecnocéntrico, con el fin de comprender, a través de la figura del cíborg, cómo el progreso actual de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) y la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) insinúan un alto nivel de penetración en lo humano. Se analizan las cuestiones éticas que plantean los procesos de hibridación en la actualidad. Asimismo, se presta especial interés a la exploración de la polarización existente entre conservadores y progresistas, con referencia a sus respectivas formas de interpretar la relación entre el sujeto y la tecnología.
¿Cómo afrontar la infertilidad de modo médico, respetando a las personas y el amor conyugal? La ayuda de la naprotecnología en estos procesos
Authors: Vaquero José Francisco , Marcos Helena , Mena María Victoria , Carrión Venancio
Published: January 2023

¿Qué hacer cuando el matrimonio quiere tener un hijo y éste tarda en venir, o simplemente no viene? La naprotecnología, como estudio médico de la fertilidad masculina y femenina, ofrece una respuesta válida para afrontar esta situación de infertilidad/esterilidad.

Seguimos como camino el método triangular propuesto por Elio Sgreccia: ver los datos científicos para realizar un análisis antropológico y una valoración ética que oriente el actuar concreto.La naprotecnología, como ciencia médica, constituye un abordaje médico y científico que busca resolver los trastornos reproductivos y ginecológicos del varón y de la mujer, identificando las principales causas que afectan a la verdadera salud reproductiva. A partir de este diagnóstico, busca corregir las posibles alteraciones y restaurar la salud y fertilidad. Este modo de afrontar la infertilidad/esterilidad se ilustra con varios casos clínicos y los resultados obtenidos en España durante los años 2015 a 2021.

A continuación, realizamos un análisis antropológico del modo de afrontar la infertilidad, analizando el sujeto que la padece: ¿Quién es el ser humano? ¿Cómo es su sexualidad? ¿En qué entorno se realiza primordialmente la procreación? Con esta base esbozamos un juicio ético ante este modo de afrontar los problemas de infertilidad/esterilidad.
Bioética: vulnerabilidad y responsabilidad en el comienzo de la vida
Authors: Garibay López Marcela
Published: January 2023

Reseña
REVIEW ARTICLE ON PPIUCD
Authors: C G Poornima , K M Ashwini , Sarvand Victoria , N K Kavitha , R Ramya
Published: January 2023

The intrauterine contraceptive device is a long acting reversible contraceptive, it is one of the most effective and safe method of contraception.
Immediate postpartum IUCD service program approved by government of India in 2010. In most developing countries delivery time is the primary
opportunity for women to access postpartum family planning method. PPIUCD it is of two types: IUCD 375 and IUCD 380-A. It is interfere with
the ability of sperm to survive and to ascent the fallopian tubes where fertilization occurs and it alters sperm migration, ovum transport and
fertilization. There are different timing of PPIUCD insertion such as Post placental insertion, Intra-Cesarean and within 48 hours after delivery.
PPIUCD has no hormonal side-effects, but sometimes may lead to abnormal menstrual bleeding.
EVALUATION OF NORMAL VALUES OF EVANS INDEX IN SOUTH KERALA POPULATION USING COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY OF BRAIN
Authors: Elsa Jose Jesin , Roy N.
Published: January 2023

Introduction In the adult human brain, there are four connected ventricles - two lateral ventricles within the cerebrum, a midline third ventricle
between the right and left thalami, and a midline fourth ventricle lying between the cerebellum posteriorly and the pons and medulla anteriorly1.
Evans index is the ratio of the maximum width of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle to the maximum transverse diameter of the inner table of
the skull. A clear understanding of the normal values of Evans index and variations of the ventricular system of brain is useful for clinicians,
radiologists and neurosurgeons in their daily clinical practice2. To determine Aims And Objectives the normal values of Evans index using
Computerized tomography of brain in South Kerala population. The study was conducted in indi Materials And Methods viduals who attended the
Department of Radiodiagnosis in Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. Those patients whose brain CT scans were read as normal
by the radiologist were taken up for the study, during the period from January 2019 to June 2020. A total of 200 CT brain of individuals above 10
years of age were taken.100 males and 100 females were included in the study group. Results The mean Evans index in the study was found to be
0.258±0.05 in males, 0.255±0.03 in females and an overall mean of 0.256±0.04 was calculated. Conclusion The present study shows that Evans
index was more in individuals who were above 60 years in both males and females. Knowledge of Evans index will help in the diagnosis of
idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and in the assessment of outcome of patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement.
IMAGING FINDINGS IN PANCREATIC NEOPLASMS ON MDCT: A PICTORIAL CASE SERIES FROM A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Chandra Shivani , Yadav Vinay
Published: January 2023

It is crucial to recognize and characterize pancreatic masses as they differ widely in their management and prognosis. MDCT is touted as the "main
workhorse" for their evaluation. In addition to being quick and cost-effective, it allows for multiphasic imaging, which enables excellent
characterization of the mass lesion and provides information about the extent, vascular inltration, and sites of metastasis, all of which are crucial
determinants for resectability. It is also helpful in characterizing cystic lesions and can help in segregating them into premalignant, malignant or
benign, thus aiding in taking landmark and life altering decisions for patient treatment. 40 patients in the age range of 54 - 67 years were studied
using a 128 slice MDCT scanner with a pancreatic protocol. Pancreatic neoplasms were more common in males than in females. The most common
solid pancreatic neoplasm was pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and the most common cystic neoplasm was IPMN. All of the cases of mucinous
cystadenomas were females. In this review, we showcase the imaging ndings of cystic as well as solid pancreatic tumours using MDCT.
A STUDY ON ROLE OF ULTRASOUND IN ANTENATAL FETAL WEIGHT ASSESEMENT AND CORRELATION WITH POSTNATAL WEIGHT
Authors: Mittal Mukesh , Nitharwal Pankaj , Mathur Abhinav , Gupta Isha , Goyal Ravina
Published: January 2023

Background: The assessment of fetal growth is a critical component of prenatal care, enabling identication of fetuses at risk of perinatal
morbidities and mortality. The fetal weight determination using ultrasound is one of the best indicators of fetal growth, however its accuracy is still
questionable as it is affected by multiple anthropometric and genetic factors. Very little information is available regarding the effectiveness of the
currently used western population-based models in calculation of fetal weight in Indian scenario. Our study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of Aim:
prenatal ultrasound in calculation of estimated fetal weight in third trimester using pre-natal ultrasound at a tertiary care center in Rajasthan, India.
Materials and Methods: Descriptive type of observational study was done at a tertiary care hospital in Rajasthan. 73 pregnant females were
evaluated with estimated fetal weight (EFW) calculation using Hadlock 2 (AC, BPD, FL) formula and compared with actual birth weight. Results:
Positive correlation existed between EFW and ABW with spearman's rho coefcient=0.615, p value <0.001. This difference in weight by
ultrasound and actual weight was found to be statistically signicant (t=3.094, Df=144, p value<0.002). Our study was one of the very Conclusion:
few studies which demonstrated that statistically signicant differences existed between the estimated fetal weight on USG and the actual birth
weight on the basis of the currently used fetal weight estimation formulas which are based on foreign populations. High percentage error was noted
in the calculation of fetal weight which may be due to a lot of factors like- fetal head position in pelvis , machine quality, maternal obesity, maternal
restlessness during scan, excess fetal movements, subjective variations etc.
A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 ADMITTED AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.
Authors: S Ansiya , Patel Sudhendu , Shah Vidhi
Published: January 2023

Background: COVID-19 is associated with huge morbidity and mortality in India. Identication of factors associated with mortality would make
a difference in the management of COVID-19 infection-related illness. To eval Objective: uate the risk factors which can predict the outcome in
covid 19 survivors and non survivors including patient characteristics, comorbidities, laboratory abnormalities and modes of oxygenation and
ventilation among 200 patients with COVID-19 infection admitted to a tertiary care hospital fullling inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the data
collected were coded and entered in Microsoft Excel sheet which was re-checked and analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 25. Results:
Out of 200 cases, 126(63%) patients were male while 74(37%) patients were female. The overall case-fatality rate among admitted cases was
24(12%) [In non -survivors males (12.7%) and females (0.8%)]. The Univariate analysis showed that more patients in the deceased group had
respiratory rate of >30 cycles/min(p<0.001) spo2 75 +/- 13 (p<0.001), Patient who had pulse rate 96+/-19 (p=0.003) found to be signicantly
associated. The Mean ± SD of white blood cell count, NLR, SGOT, APTT, S.Bilirubin , Total protein ,Albumin, Creatinine ,RBS, Trop I. CRP, D
dimer, LDH ,Ferritin, IL6 ,PCT were statistically signicant and affecting mortality. In non-survived patients needed higher mode of oxygenation
.out of 13 patients who required NIV on admission ,15 patients survived and 8 patient non-survived(P=0.002). out of 13 patients who required
invasive ventilation, 5 patients survived and 8 patients non survived (p=0.001). Those who received more days of oxygenation they are not
survived (6.25±4.19 P=0.001) and those who had prolonged ventilatory days also not survived (4.46±3.50 P=<0.001). Those who had admitted in
ICU for mean days of 5±3.60 (p= <0.001) also not survived. All above differences were found to be statistically signicant. There was no
signicant difference in the age, gender, clinical features, preexisting comorbidities between the two groups (p>0.05). Multivariate analysis using
binary logistic regression was done to nd out independent factors associated with mortality. Logistic regression performed for signicant
variables found in the univariate analysis showed higher HRCT CT severity score associated higher odds of death.
Conclusion: The higher HRCT CT severity score associated higher odds of death. Lab markers such as raised TLC, NLR, CRP, LDH, ferritin, Ddimer, SGOT, APTT, Sodium, Creatinine, IL6, PCT and low albumin were associated with worse outcomes in COVID-19 illness.
STUDY OF SECOND TRIMESTER CERVICAL LENGTH AS A PREDICTOR OF PRETERM LABOUR-A PROSPECTIVE STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Qurat Qurat , Rahi Shayesta , Ahmad Lone Sameer , Ahmad Kumar Irshad
Published: January 2023

Introduction:- Cervical dysfunction either due to disruption of intact cervical epithelial barrier or mechanical incompetence of the cervix has
been associated as one of the risk factors for preterm premature rupture of membranes and preterm birth. Our aim was to study second trimester
cervical length as a predictor of preterm labour in our population. Methodology:-This hospital based prospective study was conducted in a tertiary
care hospital over a period of one and a half year (2019-2021). The relationship of cervical length between the 16th and 24th week of pregnancy
and preterm delivery was evaluated for the 82 women after inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was analyzed using SPSSversion 11.0. Results:-
The mean age of study patients was 29.3±2.52 years, with 52.4% (most common) being in the age group of 28-31 years. 26.8% patients had a
cervical length of ≤2.5 cm while 73.2% had cervical length of >2.5 cm at the time of examination. 45.1% women delivered at <37 weeks of
gestation while 54.9% delivered at term. Most of the patients i.e., 64.6% delivered by normal vaginal delivery and 35.4% delivering by Cesarean
section. 72.7% patients with short cervical length delivered at <37 weeks while only 35% of those with normal cervical lengths delivered at <37
weeks. This difference was statistically signicant (p<0.0002). Conclusion:- We concluded that a short cervical length of< 2.5 is a risk factor for
development of spontaneous preterm labour and that ≤ 2.5mm is an optimum threshold for it.
DOSIMETRIC COMPARISON OF FLATTENING FILTER-FREE BEAMS WITH THE FLATTENED BEAM OF 6 MV AND 10 MV PHOTON FOR VOLUMETRIC MODULATED ARC THERAPY IN CERVIX CARCINOMA PLANS
Authors: J Kamalnath , Nigam Jitendra , N S Silambarasan , S Navitha , Kumar Piyush
Published: January 2023

Aim: To dosimetrically compare Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plan of attening lter-free beam (FFF) and attened beam (FB) for 6
MV and 10 MV photon beams planned for cervix carcinoma cases. A total number of t Materials and Methods: hirty three cervix carcinoma cases
treated in 2021 and 2022 were selected retrospectively. The VMAT plans were prepared using Eclipse™ 13.6v Treatment Planning System.
Prescription used for planning was 50 Gy in 25 Fraction. 16 patients planned with 6MV and 6MV-FFF beam. Remaining 17 patients were planned
with 10MV and 10MV-FFF beam. Two full arcs with no avoidance sector were used in all plans. For inverse planning optimization Progressive
Resolution Optimizer (PRO) with 2.5 mm grid size used and for dose calculation, Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm (AAA) was used. During
optimization, dose objectives of PTV and OAR are kept constant between two plans. Priorities and NTO also maintained similar between two set of
plans. Optimization and dose calculation steps are repeated sometimes to achieve clinically acceptable plan. The tools used to evaluate the plans
are; Target Conformity Index (CI), Homogeneity Index (HI), dose to OARs, mean Normal tissue integral Dose (NTID), total monitor units (MUs)
and Beam on Time (BOT) were analyzed. For statistical analysis, student t-test method was used. From the results it is observed that plans Result:
created by FB and FFF beams are clinically acceptable. CI, HI in PTV coverage, normal tissue volume receiving low doses, MU and BOT are
showing signicant results. Mean NTID is found to be signicant only in 10MV beams. FFF VMAT plans does not shows any signicant
dosimetric differences over FB VMAT plans in terms of OAR mean dose in cervix carcinoma cases. However 10 MV-FB shows better rectum
sparing than 10 MV-FFF. FB can be used for VMAT plans when conformity and homogeneity Conclusion: Index are concerned. FFF beams
VMAT plan can be used for patient those who have chances of secondary malignancies since it reduces volume receiving low doses.
CONTRIBUTING FACTORS IN DEVELOPMENT OF SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Alrajafi Gali , Wahyuningsih Yulia , Maretha Carla
Published: January 2023

Speaking is the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and non-verbal symbols, in a variety of contexts. Low motivation in speaking will be formidable reality for the teacher. The students are often reluctant to speak because they are shy and are not predisposed to express themselves in front of other people, especially when they are being asked to give personal information or opinions. The type of this research is ethnography research (realist ethnography), but the research is not stop in Ethnography but it is followed with Research and Development (R&D). Both of them are included in Qualitative Research. Language teachers always develop speaking skills by using different  techniques  and  strategies,  the  data  indicated  that  the selected  teachers  were  using  the  communicative  approach, direct method, and audio-lingual method and others.  The techniques mostly used were discussion, role play, oral report, questions and answers, conversation and debate. The way teachers assess students’ performance was effective.
Hubungan dukungan keluarga dan petugas kesehatan dengan pemeriksaan iva pada wanita usia subur (wus) di banjar tegal
Authors: Yanti Ni Luh Gede Puspita , Citrawati Ni Ketut
Published: January 2023

Kanker leher rahim paling sering menyerang wanita di seluruh dunia yang dapat menyebabkan kematian pada penderitanya. Kanker serviks pada fase awal sering kali tidak menimbulkan adanya gejala, namun bila sudah berkembang menjadi kanker serviks, barulah muncul gejala-gejala seperti pendarahan serta keputihan pada vagina yang tidak normal, sakit saat buang air kecil dan rasa sakit saat berhubungan seksual. Deteksi dini perlu dilakukan untuk menekan angka kejadian, salah satunya dengan metode Inspeksi Visual Asetat (IVA). Penelitian menggunakan design kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 112 WUS yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data bivariate menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan dukungan keluarga (p=0,000) dan petugas kesehatan (p=0,000) dengan pemeriksaan IVA. WUS yang mendapatkan dukungan dari keluarga dan petugas kesehatan dalam melakukan pemeriksaan IVA akan cenderung bersedia melakukan pemeriksaan IVA secara rutin. Petugas kesehatan diharapkan rutin dalam memberikan pendidikan kesehatan dan memotivasi WUS serta melibatkan keluarga, sehingga cakupan IVA meningkat.
Design of IoT Based Water Monitoring System (Simonair) For Arwana Fish Cultivation
Authors: Sholihah Walidatush , Hendriana Andri , Kusumanti Ima , Novianty Inna
Published: January 2023

Arwana fish is an ornamental fish that has high aesthetic value and is popular with Indonesian people. Silver Arowana is a type of freshwater ornamental fish originating from Brazil and belonging to the Osteoglossum genus. Problems in arowana fish farming include water quality, disease, nutrition and spawning (breeding). An important problem in enlarging silver arowana fish seeds is one of the maintenance media. Water quality is an external factor that plays a role in supporting fish growth. Water quality management has been one of the inhibiting factors in aquaculture, because it requires time, procedures and several stages to assess aquaculture water quality parameters, so farmers are late in handling the fish which results in death. Monitoring water quality that is practical, efficient and easy according to the development of IOT-based information technology 4.0 is urgently needed by cultivators to control fish in real time so that fish survival can be optimized. The research will be carried out for two years, namely 2022 and 2023. The purpose of the first phase of the research is to create an IOT-based Water Quality Monitoring System (SIMONAIR), while the second stage of research aims to apply the use of SIMONAIR to support the growth of arowana fish. The research was conducted at the Vocational School of IPB and in collaboration with a partner, namely CV Viez Aquatics. Phase 1 research will focus on the manufacture and calibration of SIMONAIR. Phase 2 research The use of the SIMONAIR application on silver arowana fish given different feed treatments. The overall research results are a technology package for silver arowana fish cultivation with high technology for the community or fish farmers
Зчеплення стрижневої арматури класу а500с зі сталефібробетоном зразків балкового типу
Authors: Білозір В.В. , Мазурак Р.А.
Published: January 2023

Проаналізовано результати експериментів з витягування стрижневої арматури класу А500С зі сталефібробетону елементів балкового типу. Показано, що напруження зчеплення, які відповідають зсувові незавантаженого кінця стрижня 0,1 мм, можна достатньо точно оцінити рівнянням регресії, отриманим за результатами випробування на витягування стрижнів з призматичних зразків та з використанням поправочного коефіцієнта 0,84.  При цьому відношення експериментальних і теоретичних напружень знаходиться в межах 0,95 ‒ 1,05.
Інженерно-технічне забезпечення діагностики корозійного стану під час реконструкції мостових споруд
Authors: Онищенко А. М. , Гібаленко О.М. , Чиженко Н.П. , Карнаков І.А.
Published: January 2023

Діагностика технічного стану металоконструкцій мостових споруд, експлуатація яких відбувається у корозійно-агресивних середовищах промислових підприємств, обумовлює необхідність розвитку методичного підходу, який забезпечує комплексний облік параметрів дійсного стану споруд і факторів режиму експлуатації. Структурний опис процесу діагностики стану будівель за критерієм забезпечення заходів первинного та вторинного захисту від корозії дозволяє здійснити виконання програми реконструкції на основі технічного моніторингу.
Особливості впливу адгезійних добавок на бітуми різного структурно-реологічного типу
Authors: Пиріг Я.І. , Галкін А.В.
Published: January 2023

В статті розглянуто особливості впливу поширеної в Україні адгезійної добавки Wetfix BE на властивості в’язких дорожніх бітумів, що застосовуються для приготування асфальтобетонних сумішей. На основі отриманих даних встановлено різницю впливу адгезійної добавки на стандартні показники якості та зміну властивостей після старіння бітумів різного структурно-реологічного типу.
Artificial Intelligence Crimes
Authors: Al Qatawneh Ibrahim Suleiman , Moussa Ahmed Fekry , Haswa Maher , Jaffal Zeyad , Barafi Jamal
Published: January 2023

The rapid evolution of information and communication technologies and the diversity of interconnection networks have been significant factors in broadening the application do-mains of such technologies. Consequently, so-called artificial intelligence crimes (AIC) have emerged involving a corresponding rise in criminality figures, affecting individuals' rights and freedoms. The emergence of AI-related crimes has triggered many challenges for the judiciary nationally and internationally. Thereby, jurisprudence and the judiciary must consider whether the existing provisions of law are sufficient to confront these crimes, or is there a need to strengthen international, regional, and national legislation to cover such cases. Such peculiarities characterizing AI crimes have complicated dealing with criminal activities, and they are usually dealt with using traditional criminal provisions, which may be compromised by the principle of criminal legality and the limited interpretation of a criminal provision. Accordingly, legislative steps must be taken to combat such crimes by enforcing legal provisions intended to criminalize the newly introduced criminal acts.

 

Received: 31 October 2022 / Accepted: 22 December 2022 / Published: 5 January 2023
Decentralisation at the Grassroots: Status of Panchayats Extension to Scheduled Areas of Jharkhand
Authors: Prasad Sachchidanand , Mitra Abhijit , Chintamani Bhupesh Gopal , Shrivastava Gitanjali , Naikade Kshitij , Shelke Atmaram
Published: January 2023

The term decentralisation is now universally accepted. The quality of governance enhances through decentralisation. In the time of post-globalisation, it allows citizens to express their views regarding the process of developmental work in their area. This paper examines the status of grassroots-level implementation of Panchayats Extension (PESA) to Fifth Scheduled Areas of Jharkhand. The empirical study conducted shows that Jharkhand still requires to strengthen and promote the practice of decentralization, so that gram sabha enjoys the power envisaged under PESA Act, 1996. The historical deprivation of Jharkhand during the period when it was a part of United Bihar, is also responsible for the present state of development at the local level. After the inception of Jharkhand as a new state, it initially suffered from unstable governments and delays in the election process at the panchayats level. This did not allow tribal peoples to participate in decentralized governance. This paper suggests some policy implications which can improve the level of decentralized authority in the scheduled area of Jharkhand.

 

Received: 7 October 2022 / Accepted: 28 December 2022 / Published: 5 January 2023
Optical trapping forces of focused circular partially coherent beams on Rayleigh particles
Authors: Chaoqun Yu  , Fuchang Chen  , Jun Zeng  , Cheng Huang  , Zhimin He  , Huichuan Lin  , Yongtao Zhang  , Ziyang Chen  , Jixiong Pu
Published: January 2023

The optical trapping forces of tightly-focused radially polarized circular partially coherent beams on Rayleigh particles are theoretically investigated. Numerical calculations are performed to study the optical trapping forces on Rayleigh particles for different initial coherent length of the incident circular partially coherent beams. The results show that the magnitude of the gradient force decreases with the reduction of the initial coherent length of the focused radially polarized circular partially coherent beams, while the balanced position (i.e., the position where the optical trapping forces becomes zero) stays constant. Moreover, the focused spot gradually elongates along the optical axis with the reduction of the initial coherent length, and the axial gradient force on Rayleigh particles also decreases gradually with the reduction of the intensity gradient in axial direction. As there exists an spherical aberrant in the focusing optical system, the focal spot in the direction of the optical axis becomes trumpet-shaped, and the optical trapping forces on Rayleigh particles change as well.
New Approaches in Solid Waste Recycling and Management in Erbil City
Authors: Aziz Shuokr Qarani , Ismael Sarwah Othman , Omar Imad Ali
Published: January 2023

Solid waste management (SWM) is an integral part of an environmental management system. This study focused on the production of urban solid waste, the amount of each part of solid waste, and the revenue from recyclable materials in Erbil City, Iraq's Kurdistan Region. The results show that the average generation rate of municipal solid waste (MSW) was around 1.338 kg/capita/day. Also, MSW usually contained combustibles (60%), non-combustibles (5%), and recyclable materials (35%). The average weight percentages of MSW components were: organic material (35%), plastic (27%), paper and corrugated cardboard (14%), metals (2%), glass (3%), yard trimmings and wood products (3%), and other types (16%). The study observed that large quantities of food waste were produced from a common source. Additionally, the expected income from the recyclable solid waste in the City of Erbil for plastic, metal, cartons, and papers was 175 $/ton, 235 $/ton, and 135 $/ton, respectively.
Forestier's disease as the cause of extra-oesophageal dysphagia. A case report.
Authors: Navarro Moreno E , Pérez Campos E , López González J
Published: January 2023

La enfermedad de Forestier o hiperostosis esquelética idiopática difusa, es una patología reumatológica que se caracteriza por la osificación del ligamento longitudinal anterior (LLA) y la formación de puentes intervertebrales, pudiendo afectar a cualquier ligamento y tendón del aparato locomotor extravertebral. Cuando es sintomática, se caracteriza por presentar dolor y rigidez cervical-dorsal, siendo la disfagia una manifestación muy poco frecuente. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 64 años con disfagia de larga data y cervicalgia, diagnosticándose finalmente de Enfermedad de Forestier.
Is it too late or is it too early? Abernethy’s malformation
Authors: Pérez Campos E , Calvo Bernal MM , Sánchez García O
Published: January 2023

La malformación de Abernethy es una anomalía vascular congénita rara del sistema venoso esplácnico, que consiste en la persistencia de shunts portosistémicos que favorecen el drenaje de la circulación venosa intestinal y esplácnica directamente a la circulación sistémica, sin pasar previamente por el hígado. Dada la ausencia de flujo venoso directo hacia el hígado, se produce flujo arterial compensatorio, favoreciendo la aparición de tumores a edades tempranas y, en ocasiones, de difícil diagnóstico debido al caprichoso comportamiento vascular, como en el caso de nuestro paciente.
Social overshadowing: Revisiting cue-competition in social interactions
Authors: Telga Maïka , Alcalá José A. , Heyes Cecilia , Urcelay Gonzalo P.
Published: January 2023

In a large variety of contexts, it is essential to use the available information to extract patterns and behave accordingly. When it comes to social interactions for instance, the information gathered about interaction partners across multiple encounters (e.g., trustworthiness) is crucial in guiding one’s own behavior (e.g., approach the trustworthy and avoid the untrustworthy), a process akin to trial-by-trial learning. Building on associative learning and social cognition literatures, the present research adopts a domain-general approach to learning and explores whether the principles underlying associative learning also govern learning in social contexts. In particular, we examined whether overshadowing, a well-established cue-competition phenomenon, impacts learning of the cooperative behaviors of unfamiliar interaction partners. Across three experiments using an adaptation of the iterated Trust Game, we consistently observed a ‘social overshadowing’ effect, that is, a better learning about the cooperative tendencies of partners presented alone compared to those presented in a pair. This robust effect was not modulated by gender stereotypes or beliefs about the internal communication dynamics within a pair of partners. Drawing on these results, we argue that examining domain-general learning processes in social contexts is a useful approach to understanding human social cognition.