bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manufacturing Uniform Cerebral Organoids for Neurological Disease Modeling and Drug Evaluation
Authors: Hong Hyowon , Jun Yesl , Yoon Sae-Bom , Park Seoyoon , Lee Jaemeun , Jang Jeong Woon , Nam Hye Jin , Cho Heeyeong
Published: October 2024

Human cerebral organoids are promising tools for investigating brain development and the pathogenesis underlying neurological disorders. To use organoids for drug effectiveness and safety screening, the organoids dispensed into each well must be prepared under precisely the same conditions as the cells. Despite decades of extensive research on approaches to improve organoid generation, various challenges remain, such as low yields and heterogeneity in size and differentiation both within and between batches. Here, we newly established uniform cerebral organoids (UCOs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells by optimizing organoid size and performing real-time monitoring of telencephalic differentiation marker expression. These organoids exhibited morphological uniformity and consistent expression of
FOXG1
during telencephalic differentiation, with high productivity. Moreover, UCOs faithfully recapitulated early corticogenesis, concomitant with the establishment of neuroepithelial populations, cortical plate neurons, and glial cells. Furthermore, UCOs systematically developed neural networks and exhibited both excitatory and inhibitory electrophysiological signals when exposed to neurotransmission blockers. Neurodevelopmental disease models derived from UCOs manifested neurite outgrowth defects, which could be ameliorated with targeted drug treatment. We propose UCOs as an advanced platform with low organoid variations and high reproducibility for modeling both brain development and neurological diseases.
Aohan Dryland Agricultural Landscape with an 8,000-Year History of Foxtail Millet Cultivation in China
Authors: Wang Chu-Qiao , Zheng Yan-Qing , Guo Zi-Hong , Guan De-Yang , Bian Zhen-Xing
Published: October 2024

The unique dryland farming system in Aohan boasts a rich historical and cultural heritage, retaining its original agricultural planting techniques. After a long-term evolution, this system has given rise to a diverse and distinct dryland agricultural landscape, which plays a pivotal role in enhancing both agricultural productivity and landscape sustainability within arid regions. Nevertheless, a comprehensive exploration into categorizing dryland agricultural landscapes and their distinct attributes has yet to be undertaken. For this purpose, field surveys were conducted in Aohan County, Inner Mongolia, from 2022 to 2023. Using unmanned aircraft vehicle imagery and on-site investigations, the area was classified into 4 main types of dryland agricultural landscapes. Three typical watersheds corresponding to these landscape types were selected, and their cultivated land system service values were calculated. Results indicated that owing to differences in topographical configuration, landscape structure and composition, and land utilization patterns, Aohan area dryland agricultural landscape can be broadly classified into 4 categories: The compound agro-forestry-pastoral landscape facilitates the comprehensive utilization of resources; the typical dryland agricultural landscape strikes a balance between agricultural production and ecological preservation; the dryland terraced landscape contributes to resolving water scarcity issues; and the compound crop landscape enhances production efficiency while augmenting biodiversity functionality. This study investigated and analyzed the dryland farming systems in Aohan County from the perspectives of agricultural landscape characteristics, management, and cultivated land system services. By clarifying the types and characteristics of dryland agricultural landscapes, it contributes to the sustainable development of these landscapes and ecosystems. Furthermore, it establishes a research foundation for the sustainable utilization of dryland cultural heritage sites.
Comparative Analysis of the 2013 and 2022 Record-Breaking Heatwaves over the Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Shi Taoyuan , Liu Wanlei , Li Xiaofeng , Zhang Tuantuan , Qiao Shaobo , Yu Wei , Xu Lianlian , Deng Kaiqiang
Published: October 2024

The Yangtze River Basin (YRB) experienced record-breaking heatwaves (HWs) during the summers of 2013 and 2022. A comparative analysis of their variations and physical causes was undertaken using ERA5 reanalysis data to determine the similarities and differences between their characteristics and mechanisms. The results show that the duration of the 2013 and 2022 HWs rank as the second and first longest, respectively, since the 1950s. Both HWs were associated with anomalous high pressure and descending motions over the middle and lower reaches of the YRB in conjunction with a westward shift of the Northwestern Pacific subtropical high in summer. These high-pressure anomalies over the YRB led to decreases in total precipitation, soil moisture, and cloud cover and increases in surface solar radiation and air temperature, favoring the 2 HWs. However, high-pressure anomalies associated with the 2013 HWs peaked in July, while those associated with the 2022 HWs peaked in August. The 2022 HWs were of longer duration and higher intensity than those in 2013, which was primarily due to the stronger anticyclonic circulation anomalies induced by more intense Rossby wave trains in the mid to high latitudes in 2022. Notably, the zonal sea surface temperature gradient in the tropical Pacific, which was larger in 2022 than in 2013, played a crucial role in triggering the high-pressure anomalies and extreme HWs over the YRB through forcing distinct patterns of northeastward propagating wave trains over East Asia in the 2 years.
Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi Yargılamasında Dostane Çözüm ve Tek Taraflı Deklarasyon Usulü: Adalet Verimlilik Çatışması
Authors: Yılmaz Eren Esra
Published: October 2024

Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi, başvuru sahipleri tarafından gündeme getirilen insan hakları sorunlarını sınırlı insan kaynağı ile makul sürede çözmeye çalışmaktadır. İş yükünü azaltmak amacıyla dostane çözüm ve tek taraflı deklarasyon gibi usuller yargılamanın parçası haline getirilmiştir. Böylece özellikle yerleşik içtihadın bulunduğu mükerrer davalarda tarafların Mahkeme gözetiminde anlaşması ile uyuşmazlıkların çözüme kavuşturulması amaçlanmaktadır. Öte yandan Mahkeme 2019 yılından itibaren bütün başvurular bakımından dostane çözüm teklifinde bulunmayı ana kural haline getirmiştir. Bu uygulamanın yargılama sürecinin hızlanmasına ve Mahkemenin etkinliğinin arttırılmasına katkıda bulunacağı ifade edilmektedir. Ancak usulün otomatik olarak tüm davalar bakımından uygulanması başvurucular bakımından hak kaybına yol açabilecek ve madde 2 ve 3 gibi ciddi insan hakları ihlalleri bakımından bu usul, mağdur yanında Mahkeme’nin misyon ve itibarına da zarar verebilecektir. Bu makalede, AİHM’in iş yüküne çare olarak geliştirilen dostane çözüm ve tek taraflı deklarasyon usulleri, yargılama sistemi reformları ışığında ele alınmaktadır. Her bir çözüm yolunun olumlu ve olumsuz yönleri incelenerek, mahkeme önündeki bütün başvurular bakımından adeta hızlandırılmış usul şeklinde yeknesak bir uygulama oluşturulmasının AİHM yargılama sistemi bakımından sakıncalarına değinilmektedir. İnsan hakları yargılamasında uzlaşmanın hangi hallerde meşru sayılabileceği değerlendirilerek özellikle tek taraflı deklarasyon usulünde mağdurların rızası hilafına başvurunun sonlandırılması karşısında bu usulün madde 2 ve 3 ihlali gibi ciddi nitelikteki insan hakları ihlalleri bakımından daha titizlikle uygulanması ve Bakanlar Kurulu’na da denetim yetkisi tanınması gerektiği ifade edilmektedir. Başvuruların hızlıca çözüme kavuşturularak Mahkemenin verimliliğinin arttırılması ile insan hakları ihlallerinin tespiti ve mağdurun tatmini suretiyle adaletin sağlanması arasındaki denge doğru belirlenmelidir.
THE GREAT BUILDINGS OF COMMUNISM IN THE MIRROR OF SOVIET NOSTALGIA
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tikhonova S.V.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the evolution of the mythology of the great construction projects of communism in the context of nostalgia for the Soviet. The author shows the specifics of the formation of the mythology of great construction projects in the Soviet media sphere through connection with the basic constructs of the official communist ideology. This mythologem was never able to move into the discourses of historical memory, since the exposure of the cult of personality and mass repressions launched the process of undermining trust in the Soviet mythological pathos of the great construction projects of communism until its complete ideological corrosion during the period of perestroika. However, the specifics of the accumulation of primary scientific data on the history of the economy of forced labor in the USSR pushed into the shadows the real participation in great construction projects not only of the civilian population, but also of Komsomol activists who went en masse to these sites at the call of the Communist Party. The initial conditions of many construction projects were very harsh, and the objects themselves were distinguished not only by their scale, but also by their knowledge intensity, which implied their high technological efficiency. Currently, great Soviet construction projects penetrate into the space of media memory through the digital content of tourists, whomthey attract as a source of unprecedented impressions of exotic sights. The author concludes that in the case of great construction projects, Soviet nostalgia as a cultural movement works with the material, rather than symbolic, dimension of great construction projects, drawing positive connotations to elevate their image within the experience industry.
Forward head posture in sports-involved children
Authors: Karasek Boris , Kojić Miloš , Mikić Mladen , Varga Evelin , Šćepanović Tijana
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Forward head posture (FHP) is the most common cervical postural fault in the sagittal plane that can cause various issues and conditions. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of FHP among sports-involved children and to examine the differences in craniovertebral angle (CVA) with regard to gender, age, neck pain, and the sports in which they participate.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 154 sports-involved children (76 males and 78 females), aged 11–14, participating in various sports (basketball, football, volleyball, and athletics). After obtaining signed consent, photography of the sagittal view was performed in a standing position, which was then used to measure the CVA using the Web Plot Digitizer software. A questionnaire was used to gather data about gender, age, sports in which a participant is involved, presence of neck pain, and pain scale.
Results: Among the 154 children, 37 (24.03%) exhibited FHP (15 males, 22 females). The mean CVA for the entire sample was 51.30° ± 6.20°. Female participants had a significantly lower CVA (p = .021) compared to male participants. No significant differences were found with regard to age, presence of neck pain, or engagement in a specific sport.
Conclusion: FHP is present in sports-involved children, with a higher prevalence among females.
Produção de Conhecimentos sobre Lazer e Pessoas com Deficiência
Authors: Nascimento Aline Amorim do , Montenegro Gustavo Maneschy
Published: October 2024

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo mapear a produção de conhecimentos sobre lazer e pessoas com deficiência. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, onde foram encontrados 46 trabalhos. Os estudos selecionados foram categorizados nos seguintes eixos: acessibilidade em espaços públicos de lazer; qualidade de vida e práticas de lazer; políticas públicas e inclusão; percepções sociais e atitudes; tecnologia e lazer; produção científica e grupos de pesquisa. O lazer desempenha um papel fundamental na vida desta população, proporcionando oportunidades para o desenvolvimento pessoal, social, cognitivo e físico. Porém, são necessários avanços para garantir o acesso ao lazer, sobretudo que no que diz respeito à implementação de políticas públicas. As pessoas com deficiência têm direito a expressar sua necessidade, e como qualquer cidadão, devem ter o acesso ao lazer garantido.
Torcedores Entusiastas e seus Rituais Quando Assistem uma Partida de Futebol pela Televisão
Authors: Dantas Sergio Silva , Pereira Barbara Luana Geraldini , Anselmo Larissa Gonçalves Lindolfo , Esparrinha Lucas Mesquita , Montini Rafael Gambarini
Published: October 2024

Este artigo trata sobre como se dá o ritual de um torcedor entusiasta por um time de futebol assistir um jogo do seu time pela televisão. Considerando este aspecto, o referencial teórico é composto pelos conceitos de comportamento do consumidor, identidade social e consumo simbólico. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, baseada em entrevistas em profundidade e duas rodadas de observação com 16 torcedores entusiastas de futebol. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que assistir um jogo do seu time pela televisão segue um ritual, com etapas antes, durante e após o jogo. Além disso, foi possível verificar a relação dos torcedores com as marcas que patrocinam seus times. Essa relação oferece a oportunidade de pertencimento e associação a um determinado grupo, influenciando em seu processo identitário.
The Use of QR Code-Based Arabic Ewan Textbooks in Learning Mahārah Kalām
Authors: Salamah Ummu , Wibisono Muassomah
Published: October 2024

Learning Arabic for beginners Of course, you really need a guide book in learning a language. The book does not seem archaic and monotonous but a textbook that is creative, innovative and easy to understand for students. Al Maahira IIBS Malang, recently this institution launched the implementation of a very interesting textbook adopted from Ewan University, namely the book "Ewan Arabic" in which there are Arabic language materials juxtaposed with QR Codes. This will help teachers in developing their teaching innovations, even making the teaching process more exciting creative to support the student learning process to run smoothly and foster the spirit of student learning motivation. The researcher used a qualitative descriptive method supported by quantitative data analysis. The use of QR-Code-based ewan textbooks supports students in learning maharah kalam can motivate them. The learning atmosphere has changed to be more lively students are also more active and enthusiastic.
Metode Hypnoteaching melalui Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) dalam Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa Arab
Authors: Alvina Vikria Tahta , Haryati Ratih , Hilmi Mustafiqul , Hilmi Danial
Published: October 2024

This qualitative descriptive research with a literature review design adopts the hypnoteaching method through the Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) approach as an innovative effort to enhance students' motivation in speaking the Arabic language. The study's research question is if the hypnoteaching approach based on Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) can boost students' motivation to speak Arabic. The study's findings suggest that the hypnoteaching method and Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) are useful in educational growth, especially the Arabic language. The steps of hypnoteaching involve motivation, pacing, leading, positive words, praise, modeling, and teacher expertise. The application of NLP involves understanding students' characteristics, using outcomes, rapport, sensory acuity, and flexibility. Furthermore, the use of hypnoteaching through NLP in learning Arabic speaking can be an effort to enhance students' learning motivation, create more effective learning, overcome psychological barriers, and encourage students' motivation to actively develop Arabic speaking skills. Thus, this forms a strong foundation for the significant development of students' speaking skills.
Чи відбулося вдосконалення кримінального законодавства за злочини проти встановленого порядку несення або проходження військової служби під час дії воєнного стану?
Authors: Григор’єва Марина
Published: October 2024

Стаття присвячена одній із актуальних проблем в кримінальному праві у сучасних умовах - удосконаленню кримінального законодавства за злочини проти встановленого порядку несення або проходження військової служби під час дії воєнного стану, що тісно пов’язана з загальним процесом удосконалення системи кримінального законодавства України. Зміни, що відбуваються у суспільстві останнім часом потребують інтенсивної законотворчої діяльності, тому що війна поставила нові завдання перед суспільством та державою у зв’язку з чим виникла потреба правового регулювання тих суспільних відносин, які раніше не були пріоритетними. Досліджено обставину, яка після введення воєнного стану в Україні законодавцем передбачена, як кваліфікуюча ознака у досить великій кількості кримінальних правопорушень в Особливій частині КК, а саме - вчинення злочину з використанням умов воєнного стану. Розглянуто один із напрямків сучасної кримінально-правової політики, який стосується застосування до порушників некаральних заходів кримінально-правового реагування та інституту звільнення від кримінальної відповідальності. Доведено, що досягнення цілей кари і виправлення особи, яка вчинила кримінальне правопорушення, загального і спеціального запобігання кримінальним правопорушенням іноді стає недоцільним, як і притягнення особи до кримінальної відповідальності.  Проаналізовано пропозицію законодавця звільняти особу від кримінальної відповідальності за тієї обставини, що в інших складах кримінальних правопорушень є обтяжуючою, а саме – дія воєнного стану. Досліджено, передумову та підставу звільнення особи від кримінальної відповідальності у зв’язку з вчиненням нею кримінального правопорушення, передбаченого статтями 407, 408 КК.  Доведено, що вдосконалення під час дії воєнного стану кримінального законодавства у сфері злочинів проти встановленого законодавством порядку несення або проходження військової служби тісно пов’язане зі встановленням юридично визначених механізмів звільнення військовослужбовців Збройних Сил України від кримінальної відповідальності за вчинення військового кримінального правопорушення. Установлено, що механізм звільнення особи (в тому числі й військовослужбовця) вже передбачено в розділі ІХ Загальної частини КК, в нормах, що встановлюють добровільну відмову від доведення кримінального правопорушення до кінця. Зазначено, що для таких цілей можна використовувати обставини, що виключають кримінальну протиправність діяння, а також ст. 431, «Виконання обов’язку щодо захисту Вітчизни, незалежності та територіальної цілісності України», де йдеться про обставину, що виключає кримінальну протиправність діяння, вчиненого в умовах воєнного стану або в період збройного конфлікту та спрямованого на відсіч чи стримування збройної агресії будь-якої країни.
Відмова від військової служби по релігійним або іншими переконаннями – право людини чи спосіб ухилення
Authors: Федіна Вікторія
Published: October 2024

Право відмовитися від призову на військову службу тісно пов’язане з правом на свободу думки, совісті та релігії або переконань. За останні десятиліття багато держав скасували загальний військовий обов’язок і перейшли до формування збройних сил на добровільній основі. На практиці виникають ситуації, коли особа відмовляється від призову на службу через релігійні переконання й пояснює відмову тим, що віра забороняє їй брати в руки зброю. У невеликій числі держав військовий призов був відновлений, а в Норвегії та Швеції підлягати призову стали і жінки. У статті розглядаються деякі питання, що стосуються права людини на відмову від військової служби по релігійним або іншими переконаннями, а також використання цієї умови як спосіб ухилення.
Analyzing the impact of government subsidies on household welfare during economic shocks: A case study of Iran
Authors: Dehghan Mohammad , Mousavi Seyed Nematollah , Zare Ebrahim
Published: October 2024

The study evaluates the effectiveness of Iranian government subsidies for households by comparing the welfare impact of food price shocks with the subsidy payments they receive. This helps us assess the government’s efforts to reduce poverty in Iran. The household income and expenditure survey in 2020 was used to calculate compensated price elasticities using the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QAIDS). Results showed negative and less than 1 own-price elasticities for all food items, with a sensitivity to changes in income greater than one for demand of cereals, cooking oil, and fruits. Then, compensated variations (CV) welfare index was used to evaluate the effectiveness of government support payments in reducing household vulnerability due to food price increases. The results showed that the CV fluctuates between 8.05-80.46 $ under different scenarios. In other words, consumers are in a worse situation in terms of welfare and their expenditure increases. The vulnerability index of low-income households, after applying different food price scenarios, is in the range of 1.46-14.67%, which is reduced to 1.35-14.53% by implementing the cash-targeted subsidy policy. In other words, the effectiveness of the government’s subsidy policy of $19 per person could reduce the vulnerability of these households by only 0.14%.
Exploring preferences for contractual terms in a scenario of ecological transition for the agri-food sector: a latent class approach
Authors: CIliberti Stefano , Frascarelli Angelo , Martino Gaetano , Marchini Andrea
Published: October 2024

Governance mechanisms along the agri-food supply chains are increasingly important in a scenario of ecological transition. Under the conceptual and analytical lens of the Transaction Cost Economics, we explored farmers’ preferences towards a variety of clauses usually adopted in production contracts. To this purpose, a discrete choice experiment among 190 durum wheat producers in Italy was conducted. Results from a latent class model showed that producers were mainly interested in fixed prices formula and to join shared rules of production but revealed little or no interest for compelling sustainable cultivation techniques and the provision of technical assistance. However, these preferences are heterogeneous across farmers and vary depending on their level of education and previous use of contractual arrangements, with relevant implications for contract design and management.
Governance mechanisms along the agri-food supply chains are increasingly important in a scenario of ecological transition. Under the conceptual and analytical lens of the Neo Institutional Economics, we explored farmers’ preferences towards a variety of clauses usually adopted in production contracts. To this purpose, a discrete choice experiment among 190 durum wheat producers in Italy was conducted. Results from a latent class model showed that that producers were mainly interested in fixed prices formula and to join shared rules of production but revealed little or no interest for compelling sustainable cultivation techniques and the provision of technical assistance. However, these preferences are heterogenous across farmers and vary depending on their level of education and previous use of contractual arrangements, with relevant implications for contract design and management.
Intention and behavior toward eating whole grain pasta on a college dining campus: Theory of Planned Behavior and message framing
Authors: Sogari Giovanni , Wongprawmas Rungsaran , Andreani Giulia , Lefebvre Michele , Pellegrini Nicoletta , Gómez Miguel I. , Mora Cristina , Menozzi Davide
Published: October 2024

The consumption of whole grains has several health benefits, however, most US consumers – including young adults – do not meet the recommended consumption intake. To understand the underlying factors affecting the intention and consumption of whole grain pasta, a survey based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was developed and administered to US college students. For four weeks, participants (n = 325) either did not receive any information (control) or received weekly messages on the health benefits of whole grain pasta (e.g., high fiber and niacin contents) in the forms of gain- (treatment 1) or loss-framed (treatment 2) information. Variables of the TPB model and consumers’ perceptions were investigated both at Time 1, when the first message was received (week 0), and at Time 2, one month after the intervention (week 4). Results from the two moments were compared. We found that the TPB measures and perceived usefulness were not influenced by the treatment group; however, the gain-framed message engendered greater message engagement than the loss-framed one. Finally, results from the structural equation model showed that attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were positively associated with the intention to consume whole grain pasta, and the intention was a strong determinant of participants’ behavior. Based on our results, implications and suggestions for future studies are discussed.
Simbiosis social y bifurcaciones: Tejiendo redes en educación y empresa
Authors:   Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Pérez Yoc Adery Luciano
Published: October 2024

La simbiosis, un concepto profundamente arraigado en la biología y en la ecología, se refiere a la interacción cooperativa y mutuamente beneficiosa entre distintos organismos. Esta noción se ha expandido más allá de su origen biológico para abarcar una variedad de relaciones interdependientes en múltiples disciplinas. Sin embargo, Maturana y Varela (2003), describen cómo los sistemas vivos, mediante procesos de autopoiesis, mantienen su identidad a través de la interacción constante con su entorno, una forma de simbiosis donde cada organismo contribuye y recibe algo vital para su supervivencia. Esta visión pone de relieve la simbiosis como un mecanismo fundamental para la autorregulación y la sostenibilidad en sistemas vivos.
Nurses’ Views and Attitudes of the Performance Appraisal System Efficacy and Its Impact on Their Work Outcomes in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Jaber Mohammad J. , Alshodukhi Abeer M. , Bindahmsh Alanoud A. , Baker Omar G. , Almutairi Amer O. , Kanaan Abdullah , Preez Susanna E. du , Jaber Samer J.
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Performance appraisal (PA) is essential for healthcare organizations. Highlighting the impact of the nursing PA system on nurses’ work outcomes has the potential to significantly improve the quality of patient care. Understanding and enhancing the performance appraisal system is key to achieving this goal. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of the nursing PA system and its effect on nurses’ work outcomes. It also compared the perceptions of PA among staff nurses (SNs), charge nurses (CNs), and head nurses (HNs), providing valuable insights into the dynamics of the nursing PA system.

Method

A cross-sectional, descriptive, and comparative design was adopted to assess the current nursing PA system.

Results

This study, which included 356 nurses, revealed significant differences in the perception of PA among nurses at all levels. The findings underscore the practical implications of the potential for more efficient use of PA to improve nurses’ performance. SNs and CNs showed significant gender-based differences in PA effectiveness (p = 0.006) and efficiency (p = 0.034). The participant’s age and years of nursing experience also had statistically significant effects on PA effectiveness (p = 0.006, p = 0.025, respectively).

Conclusion

This study’s findings underscore the significant impact of inappropriate PA systems, inefficient instruments, and unskilled evaluators on organizational commitment, job satisfaction, maintaining a committed nursing workforce, and high-quality healthcare. The study also highlights the importance of effective performance appraisal systems in healthcare organizations. However, the study also emphasizes the crucial role of a mutual understanding between the appraiser and the appraisee. This understanding is a key factor in enhancing the efficacy of PA, thereby emphasizing its importance in the appraisal process.
Analisis Kesalahan Menulis Kosa Kata Bahasa Arab Mahasiswa Pusat Studi Bahasa Asing (PSBA) STKIP Muhammadiyah Kalabahi Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Prasong Muthiah , Pakro Pahlawan
Published: October 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kesalahan menulis kosa kata Bahasa Arab mahasiswa Pusat Studi Bahasa Asing (PSBA) STKIP Muhammadiyah Kalabahi tahun ajaran 2023-2024. Dengan menggunakan metode analis deskriptif kualitatif. Sedangkan Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi yaitu pengamatan secara langsung, kegiatan wawancara dilakukan kepada mahasiswa PSBA dan Dokumentasi merupakan proses pengumpulan data dan pengolahan data berupa hasil lembar kerja mahasiswa. Sedangkan analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan model analisis data Corner yaitu 1) menetapkan luas sampel dan media data. Peneliti mengambil data sampel yaitu mahasiswa PSBA tapel 2023/2024 dengan media data tulisan kosa kata dalam Bahasa Arab yang ditulis. 2) mengidentifikasi kesalahan. Peneliti mengumpulkan bentuk-bentuk kesalahan-kesalahan penulisan kosa kata mahasiswa PSBA dari hasil ujian akhir semester. 3) mengklasifikasi kesalahan. Peneliti mengklasifikasikan kesalahan-kesalahan penulisan kosa kata yang ditulis mahasiswa PSBA. 4) mengevaluasi kesalahan. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti memberikan penilaian secara serius terhadap setiap kesalahan penulisan kosakata mahasiswa PSBA. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukan kesalahan dari 4 aspek yaitu : 1) kesalahan berdasarkan penambahan huruf.. 2) kesalahan berdasarkan penghilangan Sebagian huruf. 3) kesalahan berdasarkan penghilangan harakat (tanda baca). 4) kesalahan berdasarkan kekeliruan huruf. Adapun penyebab dari kesalahan-kesalahan tersebut adalah mahasiswa kurang memperhatikan tulisan kosa kata dengan baik pada saat menghafal, sehingga berpengaruh pada saat menulis serta mahasiswa kurang melakukan latihan penulisan kosa kata secara terus-menerus. Dari masing-masing kesalahan telah dipaparkan analisisnya, sehingga muncul upaya perbaikan atau evaluasi untuk meminimalisir kesalahan-kesalahan tersebut yakni 1) memilih metode pembelajaran. 2) pemberian contoh terkait kaidah penulisan. 3) Latihan secara berulang-ulang (tadribat).
Flipped Classroom for EFL Learners :
Authors: Mohammad Mustafizur Rahman , Mir Sadia Siddequa, , Sakiba Binte Yusuf
Published: October 2024

This paper tends to investigate whether EFL learners are developing their language skills as a result of the use of Flipped Classroom as a pedagogical strategy at Daffodil International University or not. In the beginning, an overview of the Flipped Classroom is given: then, the paper examines the perspectives of both the teach-ers and the students regarding their use of the Flipped Classroom. Thirdly, an analysis of the survey on the Flipped Classroom is discussed. And finally, suggestions are made to ensure the highest benefit of EFL students from the Flipped Classroom. The researchers try to show how Flipping the Classroom can improve EFL learners 'skills.
Graffiti as a Youth Subculture
Authors: Shuvro Das
Published: October 2024

This paper intends to study the implication of graffiti as a weapon of subculture in Bangladesh vis-a-vis its emergence as a new art form that symbolizes rebellion and a call for liberty, equity, and freedom. By dint of graffiti, the young generation of Bangladesh can express their desire to set themselves five from all the obstacles and let their inner voices be heard by others, which makes it the representative of the youth. This paper analyzes the multilayered and multifaceted terrains that graffiti behold and the way it contributes to the upheavals of youth breaking the shackles of oppression and taking an active part in the meaning-making process of the country. Lately, a surge of street art has been widespread, and through this, hopefully, the ruled class people, especially the youngsters, can voice their distress and address the authority. This paper will attempt to address and analyze all these issues in the light of the essay 'Subculture: The Meaning of Style' by Dick Hebdige
English Language Teaching Through YouTube :
Authors: Al Mahmud Rumman , Sheikh Mobasher Ahmed
Published: October 2024

The study attempts to explore the present scenario of YouTube language teaching in Bangladesh and to define how the Tubers select material and conduct classes on YouTube. This study explored ten renowned YouTube language channels in terms of some variables like video characteristics, attractiveness, clarity reaction. content. skills and teaching methodology. For this purpose. a questionnaire survey is conducted and naturalistic observation is carried out. In addition, a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was made to get learners' opinions. The findings show that except for three channels most of them are following the traditional approach of language teaching. The findings also indicate that most of the facilitators belong to nonlinguistic backgrounds and do not have any teacher training experience. Again. inadequate focus is given in developing individual language skills. Therefore, YouTube language teaching needs modification.
Hemoperitoneum in pediatric patients with Congo-Crimean hemorrhagic fever
Authors: Berdaliyeva F.A. , Abuova G.N. , Polukchi Tatyana V. , Aliev D.S. , Utepbergenova G.A. , Bukharbayev Y.B.
Published: October 2024

Objective.
To identify specific features of the clinical course of Congo-Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in children in order to optimize early and differential diagnosis, management tactics and treatment of pediatric patients

Materials and Methods.
A retrospective analysis of 159 probable and confirmed cases of Congo-Crimean hemorrhagic fever was carried out in patients admitted to the infectious diseases departments of Shymkent, district hospitals of Turkestan region for the period 2013–2022, of which 39 (24.5%) were children aged 1 to 18 years.

Results.
Of the 39 cases of CCHF in children, 9 (23.07%) were reported as confirmed, 5 (12.8%) as probable and 25 (64.1%) as suspected cases. In the epidemiological history, tick bite was noted in 25 (64.1%) cases. The incubation period in children and adolescents ranged from 1 to 14 days, on average – 9–8 days. Two children developed a severe complication of CCHF – hemoperitoneum.

Conclusions.
The probability of CCHF infection in children increases during the season of tick vector activity. The clinical picture of CCHF in children may be similar to manifestations of this infection in adults. Among the rare severe forms of CCHF, children may develop hemoperitoneum.
Optimizing Data Ingestion and Manipulation for Sports Marketing Analytics
Authors: Shyamakrishna Siddharth Chamarthy  , Satish Vadlamani  , Ashish Kumar  , Om Goel  , Pandi Kirupa Gopalakrishna  , Raghav Agarwal
Published: October 2024

In the dynamic landscape of sports marketing, the ability to effectively ingest and manipulate data is critical for driving decision-making and enhancing competitive advantage. This paper explores strategies for optimizing data ingestion and manipulation processes tailored to sports marketing analytics. We begin by analyzing the complexities of data sources, including social media, ticket sales, fan engagement metrics, and market trends. The diverse nature of these data streams necessitates robust ingestion frameworks that can accommodate real-time processing and historical data analysis.
We propose a hybrid approach that leverages modern data engineering techniques, such as ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) processes, data warehousing, and cloud-based solutions. This approach enables seamless integration of structured and unstructured data, ensuring that marketers can access comprehensive insights into consumer behavior and campaign effectiveness. Furthermore, we discuss the application of advanced analytics and machine learning models to refine data manipulation techniques, enabling organizations to derive actionable insights that drive marketing strategies.
By implementing these optimized processes, sports marketing professionals can enhance their understanding of audience preferences, optimize resource allocation, and ultimately improve return on investment (ROI) for marketing initiatives. This paper contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing a framework for optimizing data ingestion and manipulation in sports marketing analytics, thus empowering organizations to make data-driven decisions that resonate with fans and stakeholders alike.
Machine Learning Applications in Fraud Detection for Financial Institutions
Authors: Indra Reddy Mallela  , Phanindra Kumar Kankanampati  , Abhishek Tangudu  , Om Goel  , Pandi Kirupa Gopalakrishna  , Prof.(Dr.) Arpit Jain
Published: October 2024

In the rapidly evolving financial landscape, fraud detection has emerged as a critical challenge for institutions seeking to protect their assets and maintain customer trust. This paper explores the application of machine learning (ML) techniques in enhancing fraud detection mechanisms within financial institutions. By harnessing the power of algorithms and data analytics, organizations can identify patterns and anomalies in transaction data that traditional methods often overlook. Various ML models, including supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning, are evaluated for their effectiveness in detecting fraudulent activities.
The study emphasizes the importance of feature engineering and data preprocessing in developing robust ML models, as the quality of input data significantly influences the accuracy of predictions. Furthermore, the paper discusses the integration of real-time data processing, which enables institutions to respond swiftly to potential threats. The challenges associated with imbalanced datasets, false positives, and the need for continuous model updates to adapt to evolving fraud tactics are also addressed.
Ultimately, this research highlights that leveraging machine learning not only improves the detection rate of fraudulent transactions but also enhances operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. By implementing these advanced technologies, financial institutions can create a proactive fraud detection framework, significantly reducing financial losses and reinforcing their commitment to safeguarding client interests in an increasingly digital world. This study serves as a foundational reference for practitioners and researchers aiming to advance the application of ML in the fight against financial fraud.
Advanced Algorithms for Surge Pricing Optimization in Multi-City Ride-Sharing Networks
Authors: Abhijeet Bajaj  , Dr Satendra Pal Singh  , Murali Mohana Krishna Dandu  , Raja Kumar Kolli  , Om Goel  , Prof.(Dr) Punit Goel
Published: October 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of ride-sharing services, surge pricing has emerged as a crucial mechanism for managing demand and supply dynamics, particularly in multi-city networks. This study explores advanced algorithms designed to optimize surge pricing strategies in these complex environments. By leveraging machine learning techniques and real-time data analytics, the proposed algorithms enhance pricing efficiency while ensuring fairness and customer satisfaction. The research incorporates a multi-agent system approach, facilitating coordinated pricing decisions across different cities to minimize price discrepancies and improve service availability. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithms in maximizing revenue while mitigating negative customer experiences associated with high surge rates. This work contributes to the existing literature on ride-sharing economics by providing a comprehensive framework for implementing advanced surge pricing algorithms, ultimately aiming to enhance operational efficiency and user satisfaction in multi-city ride-sharing networks.
АРАБСКАЯ НАУКА И КУЛЬТУРА И ЕЕ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ЕВРОПУ В СРЕДНИЕ ВЕКА
Authors: Хатуев И.З. , Сугаипова А.М.
Published: October 2024

В статье авторы рассмотрели вопрос влияние арабской культуры на Европу в Средние ве-ка, поставили целью раскрыть основные достижения арабо-мусульманской культуры и науки в период средневековья, охарактеризовать влияние научных открытий арабских уче-ных на развитие научно-культурной жизни западноевропейских стран в период средневеко-вья, раскрыть процесс заимствования европейцами основных успехов ученых Арабского Во-стока, выявить роль арабо-мусульманской цивилизации в развитии культуры и науки Евро-пы.
MAMMOGRAM DETECTION USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: BHAVANI K.SHIVA , G.JASHIKA  , M.SAHITHI  , N.ENDHUJA
Published: October 2024

Mammogram detection plays a critical role in early breast cancer diagnosis, and leveraging machine learning techniques can significantly enhance diagnostic accuracy. This project addresses the classification and segmentation of mammogram images to identify abnormalities. We employed a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm for binary classification to categorize mammogram images as either ‘Normal’ or ‘Malignant’. For region-based segmentation of detected abnormalities, we utilized an Attention-based optimized UNET algorithm. The preprocessing phase included resizing, normalization, and shuffling of the dataset to prepare it for training. Due to the large size of comprehensive mask image datasets (166 GB), which are impractical to download or process with standard systems, we used a smaller subset of images for training. Consequently, while the classification model performs with reasonable accuracy, the segmentation results may exhibit limited precision due to the constrained training data. The trained model can be applied to test images, where malignant predictions trigger segmentation of the affected regions using the UNET algorithm. This approach demonstrates the feasibility of integrating CNN and UNET for mammogram analysis, though future work will benefit from access to larger datasets for improved segmentation accuracy.
CONTROL CLOUD DATA ACESS PRIVELAGE AND ANONYMITY WITH FULLY ANONYMOUS ATTRIBUTE BASED ENCRYPTION
Authors: TEJA O.RAMYA , REDDY K. SATHWIKA , G. ARUNDATHI  , REDDY G. NIKHITHA
Published: October 2024

Cloud computing is a revolutionary computing paradigm, which enables flexible, ondemand, and low-cost usage of computing resources, but the data is outsourced to some cloud servers, and various privacy concerns emerge from it. Various schemes based on the attribute-based encryption have been proposed to secure the cloud storage. However, most work focuses on the data contents privacy and the access control, while less attention is paid to the privilege control and the identity privacy. In this paper, we present a semi-anonymous privilege control scheme AnonyControl to address not only the data privacy, but also the user identity privacy in existing access control schemes. AnonyControl decentralizes the central authority to limit the identity leakage and thus achieves semianonymity. Besides, it also generalizes the file access control to the privilege control, by which privileges of all operations on the cloud data can be managed in a fine-grained manner. Subsequently, we present the AnonyControl-F, which fully prevents the identity leakage and achieve the full anonymity. Our security analysis shows that both AnonyControl and AnonyControl-F are secure under the decisional bilinear Diffie–Hellman assumption, and our performance evaluation exhibits the feasibility of our schemes.
ROBUST DETECTION OF LINK COMMUNITIES WITH SUMMARY DESCRIPTION IN SOCIAL NETWORKS
Authors: BHAVANI MRS B DURGA , NIHARIKA NANDIGAMA , PRANITHA LOYAPALLY , ARCHITHA KONDU
Published: October 2024

Community detection has been extensively studied for various applications. Recent research has started to explore node contents to identify semantically meaningful communities. However, links in real networks typically have semantic descriptions and communities of links can better characterize community behaviors than communities of nodes. The second issue in community finding is that the most existing methods assume network topologies and descriptive contents carry the same or compatible information of node group membership, restricting them to one topic per community, which is generally violated in real networks. The third issue is that the existing methods use top ranked words or phrases to label topics when interpreting communities, which is often inadequate for comprehension. To address these issues altogether, we propose a new Bayesian probabilistic approach for modeling real networks and developing an efficient variational algorithm for model inference. Our new method explores the intrinsic correlation between communities and topics to discover link communities and extract semantically meaningful community summaries at the same time. If desired, it is able to derive more than one topical summary per community to provide rich explanations. We present experimental results to show the effectiveness of our new approach and evaluate the method by a case study.
Prognostic evaluation using radiomics after stereotactic body radiotherapy in early-stage lung cancer
Authors: Yakar Melek
Published: October 2024

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, is the most common subtype of lung cancer with an incidence of 85%. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a curative treatment option for patients with early-stage NSCLC who cannot undergo surgery due to medical reasons or who refuse surgery. Radiomics non-invasively extracts advanced imaging features invisible to the human eye from medical images. Radiomics has prognostic value in predicting oncological outcomes after lung SBRT. Although studies on this subject are available in the literature, they are quite heterogeneous. There is a need for large-scale multicenter studies in which standard imaging techniques are used to obtain radiomic features, artificial intelligence-based segmentations are used to eliminate differences between contours, and SBRT dose schemes with appropriate therapeutic indexes are applied. This review aimed to interpret the existing studies and emphasize the clinical importance of radiomics, which can contribute to personalized treatment. A comprehensive literature search was conducted through the PubMed database using a wide range of keywords, which yielded 11 peer-reviewed articles published between 2017 and 2024. Seven articles evaluated computed tomography radiomics, and four evaluated fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography radiomics. Oncological outcomes are not always identical in patients with a similar history receiving similar treatments at the same stage and age. Clinical, demographic, or treatment-related data are insufficient to predict prognosis and determine personalized treatment. Incorporating radiomics to these data can help establish models with higher accuracy and achieve personalized treatment.