bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public Perception and Attitude on Fact-checking: A Case Study from Indonesia
Authors: Putri Limilia  , Gelgel Ni Made Ras Amanda , Rahmiaji Lintang Ratri
Published: November 2022

Fact-checking, for over a decade, is part of misinformation debunking strategies. This initiative, during the period, get pros and cons regarding to its effectiveness. In the midst of the controversy, it is necessary to figure out whether this practice is widely known and public perception and attitude towards fact-checking. Survey was conducted to gather data from 13 provinces in Indonesia. The provinces were elected in purpose to represent three are in Indonesia namely west, central, and east. Quota sampling based on age group category was proportionally utilized regarding to sampling techniques (N= 846). Research depicts fact-checking is not popular among the respondents particularly women, people with low level of education, and the older generation; thus, many of them rarely did fact-checking. Liputan6, Kompas, and Cekfakta.com are the most popular fact-checking organization while fact-checking by the government is the least popular. Most of the respondents have a positive perception and attitude on fact-checking such as reading, re-share, and discussing the clarified information with other people.
Awareness of Earthquake Disaster Information by Teenagers in Pagar Alam City
Authors: Reza Aprianti
Published: November 2022

agar Alam is a disaster-prone area because this area has a volcano that can be active at any time. Conditions and information about the activities of Mount Dempo are very important for the entire community to know as a form of anticipation if an earthquake and eruption occur. The media is a part of the process of disseminating disaster-related information. However, it turns out that not all people in Pagar Alam City have concerned know this. So in the process of disaster mitigation experiencing difficulties. This research was conducted by distributing google forms to teenagers in Pagar Alam City, namely high school/vocational high school students. The goal is to find out if they have the initiative to find out about disaster information in their area. And categorize what media are the references in obtaining news about the disaster. With the uses and gratification theory as well as a disaster mitigation approach, the results obtained are that most of the youth in Pagar Alam know that they live in disaster-prone areas. Facebook is the most common reference in providing information about disasters that occur and they have enough initiative to seek further information about disasters, especially earthquakes. The Pagar Alam City Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) as the party responsible for disaster management has been widely known by the people of Pagar Alam City, only those disaster mitigation activities that should be part of their duties are not felt by the majority of the community.
Digital Skill: Optimizing the Utilization of Information Technology by Pesantren University in Alumni Tracking Activities
Authors: Rila Setyaningsih  , Abdullah Abdullah , Prihantoro Edy , Hustinawaty Hustinawaty
Published: November 2022

Digital skill is the ability to discover, evaluate, use, share and create content using digital devices. The implementation of alumni tracing based on website is a form of implementing digital skills in educational communication. This research was conducted to determine the implementation of a tracer study at Universitas Darussalam (UNIDA) Gontor as a boarding school-based university by optimizing information technology according to design standards and methodologies set by the Directorate General of Belmawa Ristekdikti RI. This study uses a qualitative case study approach because the researcher wants to dig deeper into the phenomenon of optimizing information technology in Pesantren in carrying out alumni tracking. Collecting data through interviews and observations with the manager of the tracer study at the university level and the person in charge of the tracer study of the study program. The data analysis technique was carried out based on the theory of Milles and Huberman which consisted of data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Source and method triangulation was used as a technique for measuring the validity of the data in this study. The results showed that the implementation of the tracer study at Darussalam Gontor University had optimized the use of information technology in the form of a google form. In addition, a website-based alumni tracking system is currently being developed. This study uses the Theory of Planned Behavior as a research framework. With regard to technology adoption, there are 3 things that are extracted from the research subjects, namely abilities, knowledge, and resources owned by the implementer of the UNIDA Gontor tracer study, 3) the resources have been well prepared for the adjustment to the standards and methodology of the tracer study set by the Directorate General of Belmawa Ristekdikti. The recommendation given by the researcher is that there is a need to increase skills and knowledge for optimizing the use of a website-based alumni tracking system and providing appropriate resources.
Self-identifying as Anglican within the two political jurisdictions on the island of Ireland: A study among sixth-form students in the Greer tradition.
Authors: Francis Leslie J. , McKenna Ursula
Published: November 2022

This study explores what self-assigned religious identity as Church of Ireland means to sixth-form students living on the island of Ireland. Drawing on data contributed to the 2011 Greer survey on sixth-form religion by 327 self-identified Anglican students in Northern Ireland and by 288 in the Republic of Ireland, the salience of religious practices, religious beliefs, and moral values is compared between the two groups. The main conclusion drawn is that religious practice and religious belief is significantly more important to Anglican students in Northern Ireland than in the Republic of Ireland, suggesting that in the Republic of Ireland self-identification with the Church of Ireland may be of greater cultural significance (rather than religious significance) compared with Northern Ireland.
Implementation Selection to Increase Body Weight Fancy Mice
Authors: Cahyowati Meireni , Baliarti Endang , Sumadi Sumadi
Published: November 2022

Use laboratory animal for research purposes is often used especially in the fields of health research, food, agriculture, and livestock. The laboratory animal that is often used as research objects include rabbits, mice, guinea pigs, monkeys, and rats. Research in the field of livestock in animal breeding requires a long time to research and a large number of animals so mice can be used to apply it. The goal of research is determine effect of the selection program on parameters of mice body weight including weaning weight and adult weight. The research was held with Fancy mice keeping and selection implementation of weaning weight 21 days age (WW21) and 35 days age (AW35) which starts from 0 generation until 2nd generation. The data used in the selection of Fancy mice on 0 generation until 2nd generation each of 327 tails, 330 tails, and 263 tails. The result of the selection of Fancy mice to WW21 increased obtained WW21 G0 to G1 is 3.69 gram and WW21 G1 to G2 is 2.09 gram. Selection of Fancy mice to AW35 that result in AW35 G0 to G1 is 5.14 gram and AW35 G1 to G2 is 4.92 gram, which means selection is impacting increased WW21 and AW35 Fancy mice.
Sistem Pintar IoT Berbasis Arduino dan Android untuk Pengontrolan Kondisi pH dan TDS pada Pengairan Hidroponik
Authors: Hermala Irvan , Ismail Agus , Hendrasto Nur , Harisuddin Harisuddin , Daulay Syukur
Published: November 2022

IoT merupakan salah satu kemajuan yang signifikan dalam bidang informasi dan teknologi dan terus dapat dikembangkan untuk kemudahan aktivitas manusia. Pada penelitian ini, Sistem pintar IoT berbasis arduino dan android untuk pengukuran keasaman dan nutrisi air pada hidroponik. Arduino digunakan sebagai prosesor data yang masuk dari sensor untuk ditampilkan pada layar dan direspon memlaui relay untuk menghidupkan pompa jika nilai TDS dibawah nilai yang ditentukan. Data dari arduino dikirim ke cloud firebase sehingga bisa diakses melalui perangkat android.  Perangkat lunak prosesor Arduino menggunkan bahasa C yang diedit pada IDE arduino. Android didesain menggunakan XML dan Kotlin untuk membantu proses control aplikasi yang dibuat menggunakan aplikasi android studio. Alat ukur arduino dikalibrasi dengan menggunakan data tegangan dan data PH serta data TDS yang seharusnya pada cairan kalibrasi. Kemudian didapatkan model linier untuk PH dan model polynomial pangkat tiga untuk TDS. Model tersebut diimplementasikan pada arduino dan didapatkan nilai pengukuran mendekati nilai kalibrasi dengan kesalahan 5.86% untuk PH dan 11.1% untuk TDS. Sistem IoT diamati dengan mencoba tampilan data serta otomasi dan control manual melalui android. Hasil tampilan, otomasi dan kontrol  manual bekerja secara efektif sesuai fungsi sebagai IoT.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MENJADI KAMPUNG TEMATIK MELALUI PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH
Authors: Yusra Yusra , Ulfah Maria , Efendi Yempita , Putri Sindy Gemaeka
Published: November 2022

Sampah adalah sisa kegiatan sehari-hari manusia dan/atau proses alam yang berbentuk padat. Saat ini masalah sampah menjadi masalah yang sulit ditangani. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan memberdayakan masyarakat tentang cara pengolahan sampah guna mewujudkan kampung tematik. Mitra yang menjadi sasaran dari kegiatan PKM ini adalah dua kelompok masyarakat yang tinggal di pesisir pantai yakni RT 02 RW 14 dan RT 02. RW. 07 Kelurahan Pasia Nan Tigo, Kecamatan Koto Tangah Kota Padang. Metode yang dilakukan dalam PKM ini adalah penyuluhan dalam bentuk sosialisasi, pelatihan dan praktek langsung tentang penggolahan sampah. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat telah terlaksana dengan baik. Para peserta antusias dan berpartisipasi aktif dalam kegiatan ini. Dari hasil evaluasi menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang sampah dan pengelolaannya. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan akibat sampah serta menciptakan usaha kreatif yang bernilai ekonomi
SIZE-DEPENDENT EFFECTS IN ATOMIC CLUSTERS
Authors:   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors, SHARIPOV A. S. , LOUKHOVITSKI B. I. ,   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors
Published: November 2022

The size-dependence of different physical properties of atomic clusters (by the example of binding energy, collision diameter, and static isotropic polarizability) is discussed. For specific analysis, we mainly use the reliable data on small atomic clusters obtained by the use of quantum chemical calculations by various authors, including the authors of the present paper. The revealed regularities allow us to develop the methodology for physically-based extrapolating the multitude of size-dependent physical properties of small atomic clusters towards significantly larger (nanometer- and even micrometer-sized) particles.
SPHERICAL DIFFUSION FLAME IN MICROGRAVITY CONDITIONS: FIRST RESULTS OF JOINT RUSSIAN-AMERICAN SPACE EXPERIMENT FLAME DESIGN - ADAMANT
Authors:   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FROLOV S. M.
Published: November 2022

The joint NASA\,—\,Roscosmos Flame Design (Adamant) spaceflight experiment is one of six International Space Station (ISS) investigations which are currently a~part of the Advanced Combustion via Microgravity Experiments (ACME) project. The objective of the spaceflight experiment is to study normal and inverse (with respect to the direction of forced convection) spherical diffusion ethylene—oxygen diluted flames around a~porous sphere (PS) in microgravity when the flame structure can be isolated from natural convection effects. The experiment is focused on revealing the conditions of flame extinction caused by radiative heat loss and the onset (inception) of soot. The data from the experiment are used for validating numerical simulations based on the physical and mathematical models of different complexity including detailed/reduced chemical mechanisms of fuel oxidation, species transport, and radiative heat transfer. It is expected that the project will improve our understanding of flame physics and chemistry and provide novel solutions for controlled combustion with reduced pollutants in terrestrial applications. The paper presents some experimental and computational results obtained so far by the international research team.
ПРИРОДА ТУНГУССКОГО ВЗРЫВА
Authors:   Сибирский государственный университет геосистем и технологий, ФОМИН П. А.
Published: November 2022

Сделан обзор результатов выполненных исследований природы Тунгусского взрыва, серебристых облаков и озонных <<дыр>>. Показано, что в основе Тунгусского события лежит детонация тороидального облака, образованного разовым выбросом газообразного метана (имеющего газогидратную природу) в атмосферу. Взрыв инициирован относительно небольшим, полого летевшим метеоритом, скорость которого к моменту инициирования замедлилась до нескольких километров в секунду. Указана область, откуда произошел выброс. Рассчитаны возможные траектории метеорита, оценены его максимальный и минимальный размеры. Определено наиболее вероятное место его падения. Выполнен модельный эксперимент по вывалу леса (взрыв детонирующего шнура в форме кольца над <<лесом>> из проволочек). Результаты эксперимента были статистически обработаны. Показано, что вывал проволочек полностью идентичен вывалу леса при Тунгусском взрыве. Показано, что природа серебристых облаков, озонного слоя и озонных <<дыр>> связана с цепным окислением водорода в верхних слоях атмосферы. Дано объяснение световым, акустическим и атмосферным явлениям (увеличение яркости серебристых облаков над северной Европой после взрыва, нарушения озонного слоя, магнитная буря), связанным с Тунгусским событием. Объяснено отсутствие значительного количества метеоритного вещества в области эпицентра. Сделана оценка характерного размера микрокапель, сорванных с расплавленной поверхности метеорита (и,~соответственно, характерный размер микрочастиц метеоритного вещества, найденного в районе взрыва). Оценена возможная скорость вращения метеорита и связанное с ней изменение его траектории. Проанализирована вероятность взрывов наподобие Тунгусского. Совокупность полученных результатов подтверждает рассматриваемую гипотезу, не противоречит известному фактическому материалу и физически корректно объясняет все особенности Тунгусского явления.
Capacidad antioxidante de jugos de arándano antes y después de su almacenamiento a baja temperatura
Authors: Díaz-Torres Rocío Del Carmen , Cilia-López Virginia Gabriela
Published: November 2022

Se evalúa la actividad antioxidante (AA) de jugos de arándano disponibles en los supermercados de San Luis Potosí, México, antes y después de su almacenamiento a baja temperatura (4 °C) mediante los métodos ABTS•, DPPH• y FRAP. Se analizan 12 jugos comerciales al abrirlos (D1) y 24 horas después (D2). Los resultados se expresaron como capacidad antioxidante equivalente a vitamina C (VCEAC) y porcentajes de inhibición de radicales libres. La mayor AA se registró a los 60 min, aunque fue diferente en los tres métodos. La AA disminuyó significativamente en D2. Por lo tanto, se recomienda el consumo de jugo de arándano una vez abierto el envase para garantizar el consumo de los compuestos antioxidantes asociados a un efecto benéfico para la salud.
OUTDOOR TOURISM DEMAND SEGMENTATION: A CASE STUDY FROM NORTH OF PORTUGAL
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, UNIAG, Bragança, Portugal, SCALABRINI Elaine , CORREIA Alexandra ,   Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, UNIAG, CITUR, Viana do Castelo, Portugal, NUNES Alcina ,   Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, UNIAG, Bragança, Portugal, VELOSO Cláudia ,   University of Aveiro, GOVCOPP, ESTGA, Águeda, Portugal, VIEIRA Elvira ,   Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, UNIAG, ISAG-EBS, CICET-FCVC, Viana do Castelo, Portugal, FERREIRA Fernanda ,   School of Hospitality and Tourism of P. Porto, UNIAG, Vila do Conde, Portugal, SILVA Goretti ,   Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, UNIAG, CITUR, Viana do Castelo, Portugal, FONSECA Manuel ,   Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana Do Castelo, UNIAG, Portugal, CARRANÇA Paulo ,   Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Turismo do Porto e Norte de Portugal, Viana do Castelo, Portugal, SANTOS Sónia ,   Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal, FERNANDES Paula Odete ,   Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, UNIAG, Bragança, Portugal
Published: November 2022

This research aimed to segment the market of visitors who practise outdoor activities in the North region of Portugal based on their motivations. An online survey was conducted between June to September of 2021, with a sample of 200 tourists who realised the region's outdoor activities during this period. The data collected allowed determining factor analysis and the clusters. Two factors: services/hospitality and nature experiences, and three clusters: soft practitioners, radicals, and enthusiasts were delimited. The results show that these groups differ in motivations and practised activities. Segmentation of outdoor tourism demand in North of Portugal should set out marketing and promotion strategies in different destinations, attracting demand from outside the region, and according to their preferences.
Morpho-physiological reactions of mosses to the action of abiotic factors on post-technogenic areas of sulphur deposite
Authors:   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine, Baik O. , Kit N. ,   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine
Published: November 2022

The morphological structure of turfs and the activity of the main enzymes of antioxidant protection: peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase of the dominant species of mosses Barbula unguiculata Hedw,, Bryum caespiticium Hedw., Bryum argenteum Hedw. and Brachythecium salebrosum (Hoffm. eх F.Weber & D. Mohr) Schimp. from different transects of the northern exposure of sulfur mining dump No. 1 in the summer and autumn seasons were studied. It is shown that the morphological structure of the turfs of the mosses Bryum argenteum and Brachythecium salebrosum in the post-technological areas of sulfur mining is important for moisture conservation and depends on the microclimatic conditions of local growth and the life form of the species. It was found that the activity of enzymes depends on the species characteristics of mosses. The dependence of the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the investigated mosses on the intensity of light and temperature on the transects of dump No. 1 was defined. In the summer period, the highest indicators of the activity of antioxidant enzymes were noted in moss samples from the northern top of the dump, where the influence of high temperatures and light intensity, as well as lack of moisture, are particularly noticeable. Under the experimental conditions, in Barbula unguiculata and Bryum caespiticium from the northern top of the dump, under the influence of 24-hour exposure to a temperature of 42 °C, the most significant increase in peroxidase activity by 1.2–1.4 and SOD by 1.6–1.9 times was found. Increasing in peroxidase activity and SOD caused by hyperthermia were reversed by pretreatment with the protein biosynthesis inhibitor cyclohexamide, that may indicate about involvement of the protein synthesizing system in this process. It is likely that the increasing of the activity of antioxidant enzymes is caused primarily by the change in gene expression of stress proteins that control the synthesis of specific adaptogens and protectors, indicating that the extreme conditions of an anthropogenically transformed environment contribute to the development of forms of organisms with the highest potential opportunities.
KARAKTERISTIK EKOLOGI MANGROVE DI KAWASAN SILVOAKUAKULTUR
Authors: Muarif Muarif , M Samun
Published: November 2022

The development of mangrove by silvoaquaculture approach is an integrating between mangrove conservation and economic improvement of coastal communities by aquaculture production. The study aims to determine the ecological characteristics of mangroves in silvoaquaculture areas.  The research locations include Karangsong, Brondong, and Pabean Ilir in Indramayu Regency and use a survey technique using the quadrant transect method. The silvoaquaculture pond area in Indramayu Regency has five types of mangroves, namely Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, and Rhizophora stylosa.  Rhizophora mucronata is the dominant mangrove species. The best mangrove ecological conditions are found in empang parit and komplangan ponds, so based on the ecological characteristics of mangroves, it is recommended that the development of silvoaquaculture ponds use empang parit or komplangan type of pond.
Effects of Repeated Cryopreservation of Cleavage-Stage Embryos on Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes of Single Embryo Transfer
Authors: Wang Yali , Chen Dongjia , Cai Bing , Huang Dan , Xu Yanwen , Ding Chenhui
Published: November 2022

Background: Embryo cryopreservation is an important part of assisted reproductive technologies to increase cumulative pregnancy rate in clients. However, in clinical settings, embryos can be subjected to repeated cryopreservation-warming cycles due to certain clinical circumstances. There are limited data on the effect such cycles may have on the success of embryo transfer procedures. In this study, we investigated the effect of repeated cryopreservation of cleavage-stage embryos on the pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of frozen embryo transfer (FET). Methods: We retrospectively collected data on single cleavage-stage embryo transfer (ET) cycles performed in our center from January 2017 to August 2021 and identified 98 cycles of repeated cryopreservation-warming in cleavage-stage ET cycles. Propensity score matching was conducted according to the age of the patients, body mass index, endometrial thickness, type of oocyte retrial cycle, and quality of the transplanted embryos to match once-cryopreserved cleavage-stage ET cycles in our center at a ratio of 1:3 (caliper value 0.01). Finally, 294 once-cryopreserved cleavage-stage ET cycles were set as controls. Clinical pregnancy, early miscarriage, live birth rates, and other pregnancy and perinatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results: Similar success rates were obtained with twice-cryopreserved embryo transfers (n = 98) and with once-cryopreserved embryo transfers (n = 294). Importantly, there was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy, early miscarriage, and live birth rates as well as perinatal outcomes such as preterm birth and pregnancy complication rates between the two groups. There were no birth defects in the two groups. Conclusions: Repeated cryopreservation may not negatively affect pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of single cleavage-stage ET and may present a safe option for resuscitated cleavage-stage embryos that have been canceled for transfer.
PD-L1 on Circulating Tumor Cells Indicates Poor Prognosis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Xue-fei , Zhang Guo-chao , Wu Sha-fei , Li Jia-xin , Sun Qiang
Published: November 2022

Background: In breast cancer, research concerning programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is limited. Besides, the best cell type for determining the prognostic and predictive values of PD-L1 has not been established. This study investigated associations between PD-L1 on tumor cells (TCs), CTCs, and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), respectively, and prognosis and clinicopathological features in breast cancer. Methods: Twenty patients with breast cancer were recruited; one was excluded for confirmed lymphoma. The PD-L1 on TCs and TIICs was determined via immunohistochemistry; PD-L1 mRNA expression on CTCs was analyzed. The chi-squared test and Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model analyses were applied. Results: The median follow-up time was 60 months. Of the 19 patients, 14 had >1 CTC/10 mL peripheral blood. Among these, each had ≥1 CTC showing PD-L1. At baseline, there was no difference between groups with or without metastasis regarding CTCs and PD-L1 expression. Patients with high PD-L1 levels on CTCs had poor overall survival (p = 0.034). In the multivariate analysis, PD-L1 levels on CTCs and T stage were independent prognostic factors (p = 0.029, 0.010, respectively). Conclusions: High levels of PD-L1 on CTCs may prognose shorter overall survival in breast cancer.
A Comparison of Triple and Double Sperm Washing for Density Gradient Preparation in Intrauterine Insemination Cycles when Overnight Incubation of Specimens Occurred: A Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Soyer-Calıskan Canan , Hatirnaz Kaan , Celik Samettin , Başbuğ Alper , Hatirnaz Ebru S. , Hatirnaz Safak , Dahan Michael H.
Published: November 2022

Background: The number of sperm washes to maximize outcomes for intra-uterine insemination has not been well investigated. Therefore, we undertook to compare the pregnancy and live birth rates of triple sperm washing and double sperm washing for density gradient preparation for intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles. Methods: A retrospective cohort study including 279 couples (136 couples with triple sperm washing and 143 couples with double sperm washing) with a diagnosis of unexplained infertility and mild male subfertility who had IUI cycles between April 2015 and April 2017 were evaluated. After overnight incubation of the sperm, subjects underwent either traditional double sperm washing or Triple sperm washing which consists of use of a third gradient and spinning procedure to the conventional double gradient sperm washing in order to obtain a higher quantity of motile sperm. Results: Total sperm count after triple washing was higher than double sperm washing (98.25 ± 62.06 vs. 81.08 ± 31.57; p = 0.003). Positive β-hCG test and live birth per cycle were higher in triple sperm washing (25.8% vs. 13.3%, p = 0.009; 18.4% vs. 9.8%, p = 0.039; respectively) than in the double sperm washing group. Conclusions: The use of motile sperms obtained from triple sperm washing may increase the rates of pregnancy and live birth in IUI cycles of women with unexplained and mild male factor infertility. A prospective randomized study should be undertaken to confirm the results.
SIRT3 Enhances the Protective Role of Propofol in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction via Activating Autophagy Mediated by AMPK/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Li Shang , Zhou Yi , Hu Huaying , Wang Xiaodong , Xu Junjun , Bai Chaobo , Yuan Junliang , Zhang Dongliang
Published: November 2022

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication after surgery and anesthesia. In this study, we aimed to determine the neuroprotective mechanism of Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and propofol in POCD. Methods: The cognitive dysfunction models in C57BL/6J mice were induced and treated, then cognitive function of mice were tested using morris water maze and novel object recognition tests. Primary neurons were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic neuroinflammation during POCD. Meanwhile, cells were treated with propofol. 3-methyladenine (3-MA) was administrated to inhibit autophagy in neurons. SIRT3 overexpression vector was constructed to upregulate SIRT3. Biomarker changes in inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy were determined in vivo and in vitro. Results: Propofol enhanced the spatial cognitive ability and novel objective recognition of POCD mice. Inflammation and oxidative stress were observed in the hippocampus, which were inhibited by propofol treatment. During POCD, SIRT3 expression and autophagy in the hippocampus was decreased; propofol activated autophagy and upregulated SIRT3. In LPS-stimulated neurons, SIRT3 upregulation enhanced the anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative stress roles of propofol; SIRT3 elevated propofol-activated autophagy in neurons undergoing LPS administration. Moreover, 3-MA reversed propofol-induced biomarker changes in inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy in LPS-stimulated neurons. In POCD mice, SIRT3 upregulation enhanced the cognitive function during propofol treatment; SIRT3 overexpression elevated the inhibitory role of propofol in inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy. AMPK/mTOR pathway was activated in response to propofol treatment and SIRT3 enhanced the signaling activation. Conclusions: SIRT3 enhances the protective effect of propofol on POCD by triggering autophagy that eliminates oxidative stress and inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Weak precipitation δ2H response to large Holocene hydroclimate changes in eastern North America
Authors: Stefanescu Ioana , Shuman Bryan , Grigg Laurie , Bailey Adriana , Stefanova Vania , Oswald W.
Published: November 2022

In eastern North America, annual precipitation increased by >40% over the Holocene, largely in response to melting of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The change substantially raised lake levels and transformed conifer-dominated ecosystems into mesic deciduous forests. δ2H values of terrestrially derived leaf-wax n-alkanes can facilitate diagnoses of the climate dynamics involved by reconstructing δ2H values of mean annual precipitation (δ2HMAP). However, competing influences on δ2HMAP values in the mid-latitudes, such as changes in moisture sources and in the seasonal distribution of precipitation, can generate confounding effects. To test δ2HMAP sensitivity to potential changes associated with the final Holocene phases of deglaciation in eastern North America, we used 14 fossil-pollen records to reconstruct monthly precipitation changes and to model δ2HMAP values during the Holocene. The pollen-inferred precipitation increased by 100-200 mm during both cold and warm seasons, but modelled δ2HMAP values changed by only ~10‰, because isotopically-heavy summer precipitation increased by nearly as much as the cold-season isotopically-light winter precipitation. Three new leaf wax n-C29-alkane (δ2HC29) records spanning the Holocene from Vermont, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts closely follow modeled δ2HMAP trends and confirm only a small decline in δ2HMAP values over the Holocene. Because the shifts in precipitation seasonality accurately predict the n-alkane records, changes in moisture sources or pathways appear to play only a minor role in the regional δ2HMAP history despite the effects of deglaciation on atmospheric circulation. Soil evaporation also did not significantly alter δ2HC29 values from the values predicted using the pollen-derived reconstructions. The results affirm that δ2HC29 values faithfully detected anticipated isotopic changes in δ2HMAP values, but that important paleoclimate events may not always yield strong changes in δ2HMAP values.
Predicting Decision-makers' Algorithm Use
Authors: Neumann Marvin , Niessen Susan , Meijer Rob
Published: November 2022

Decision makers typically integrate multiple pieces of information to make predictions and decisions. They also sometimes receive algorithmic advice, but often discount such advice. This usually results in less consistent and less accurate predictions than consistently using the advice. We hypothesized that individual differences on psychological traits such as dutifulness (a facet of conscientiousness), decision-making styles, and predictor validity beliefs are related to the consistent use of algorithmic advice, judgment consistency, and predictive validity. We sampled participants with hiring experience (N = 308) who predicted the performance of job applicants based on test scores and interview ratings, and they also received algorithmic advice. The results showed that more dutiful participants and participants with more accurate predictor validity beliefs used the algorithm more, and made more consistent and more accurate predictions. We did not find evidence that an intuitive decision-making style was related to these outcomes. Exploratory analyses showed that cognitive ability was positively related to the consistent use of algorithmic advice and judgment consistency, but not significantly related to predictive validity. Furthermore, the other conscientiousness facets and the general factor were similarly related to the outcome variables as dutifulness. Organizations may want to hire conscientious decision makers, and decision makers with accurate predictor validity beliefs. In addition, organizations could provide training on predictor validities.
The Surprising Robustness of Visual Search Against Concurrent Auditory Distraction
Authors: Mandal Ananya , Liesefeld Anna M. , Liesefeld Heinrich R
Published: November 2022

People often complain about distraction by irrelevant sounds that reportedly hampers performance on concurrent visual tasks demanding the allocation of focused attention towards relevant stimuli, such as processing street signs during driving. To study this everyday issue experimentally, we devised a cross-modal distraction paradigm, inspired by a standard visual-distraction paradigm (additional-singleton paradigm) that is highly sensitive to measure interference on the allocation of attention. In a visual-search pop-out task, participants reported whether a salient target (a tilted bar) was present or absent, while a completely irrelevant, but salient auditory distractor accompanied some trials. To our surprise, the results revealed no notable distraction on visual-search performance (controlled for speed-accuracy tradeoffs). Reliable auditory distraction failed to occur even when the distractor was a (highly salient) auditory oddball or was additionally presented with a temporal advantage of 300 ms. However, when the auditory modality was made relevant globally while maintaining its irrelevance to the visual-search task, we finally observed the expected interference effect.
Investigating the relation between second language proficiency and study success using a causal inference approach
Authors: Spit Sybren , Andringa Sible , Ryan Oisín
Published: November 2022

Research suggests that second language proficiency is key in students’ study progress. Prior research primarily focused on the statistical relation between proficiency and success among university students. This approach has two limitations. First, it is unclear how this statistical relation varies across different educational levels. Second, it is unclear whether these relations are informative about the causal relation between proficiency and success, which makes it difficult to develop intervention policies based on these studies. To address these shortcomings, we analyze a large historical registry dataset, which contains information on study success and language proficiency in examinees of the Dutch as a second language state exam. First, we map out the statistical dependency between language proficiency and examinees’ study success in various educational levels. Next, using novel graphical approaches to causal inference, we estimate the effect of a hypothetical intervention: would an increase in language proficiency affect study success rates?
Everyday helping is associated with enhanced mood but greater stress when it is more effortful
Authors: Pronizius Ekaterina , Forbes Paul , Feneberg Anja Christine , Miculescu Bianca , Nater Urs , Piperno Giulio , Silani Giorgia , Stijovic Ana , Lamm Claus
Published: November 2022

Our affective states can influence whether we help others and after helping we often experience improved affect. One important factor determining whether we help, is the amount of effort involved. Using an ecological momentary assessment approach across two measurement bursts (N = 803; N = 303), we investigated the affective antecedents and consequences of everyday helping in terms of participants’ self-reported momentary stress and mood valence, with a specific focus on the perceived amount of effort involved. Regardless of the amount of effort involved in helping, participants reported more positive mood valence after helping across both measurement bursts. In burst 2, this mood boosting effect of helping was strongest in those reporting lower mood prior to helping. In burst 1, we found a bidirectional relationship between stress and helping effort: the greater the effort involved in helping, the greater the perceived stress both before and after helping. Contrary to our preregistered hypotheses, changes in stress or mood valence did not precede helping regardless of the amount of effort involved. Our results support previous work linking helping to enhanced mood but suggest that when helping is more effortful it is both preceded and followed by greater stress. These findings have important implications for fostering and sustaining prosocial behaviours, especially when effort is involved.
A modal age at death approach to forecasting mortality
Authors: Bergeron-Boucher Marie-Pier , Vázquez-Castillo Paola , Missov Trifon
Published: November 2022

Recent studies have shown that there are some advantages in forecasting mortality with other indicators than death rates. In particular, the age-at-death distribution provides readily available information on central longevity measures: mean, median and mode, as well as information on lifespan variation. The modal age at death has been increasing linearly since the second half of the 20th century, providing a strong basis to extrapolate past trends. We develop a model to forecast the age-at-death distribution that directly forecasts the modal age at death and lifespan variation while accounting for dependence between ages. We forecast mortality at age 40 and above in six Western European countries. The introduced model increases forecast accuracy compared with other forecasting models and provides consistent trends in life expectancy and lifespan variation at age 40 over time.
Policymaking under Influence
Authors: Blumenthal Benjamin
Published: November 2022

Policymaking is an arduous process and politicians often fail to change the status quo despite their best efforts. I introduce the notion of influence players, an umbrella term for political actors such as interest groups or legislators, who can positively or negatively affect policy proposals’ odds of implementation by exerting costly effort. Analysing a parsimonious model of policymaking with an imperfectly effective politician and an influence player, I show how and when threats, opposition, or support can affect policymaking, depending on the influence player’s cost of effort and effectiveness. My comparative static analysis shows that, under certain conditions, influence players can be harmed by being more effective or having a lower cost of effort, through these changes’ consequences on their bargaining position. I conclude my analysis by discussing the perspectives the model offers on legislative politics and special interest politics.
Transitivity promotes effective risk management in resource sharing networks
Authors: Ready Elspeth , Jones James Holland
Published: November 2022

Production and exchange systems in agrarian subsistence economies have been described as following a "safety-first" decision-making principle that minimizes the risk of shortfall. Here, we extend and formalize this idea, with a particular focus on hunter-gatherer economies. Most hunter-gatherers are exposed to substantial livelihood risk because of the variable nature of their resource base. The primary mechanism of risk management observed among hunter-gatherers is food-sharing. We ask what kinds of network structures are most effective for managing the livelihood risks faced by hunter-gatherers, recognizing that such networks are epiphenomena of interactions between actors trying to minimize individual (or family) risk. This implies a trade-off between structures that effectively spread risk versus those that prevent disturbances from propagating. Echoing the classical anthropological literature, we suggest that generalized exchange is the foundation for subsistence risk-management networks. While the micro-foundations of generalized exchange have historically been couched in terms of cyclical tie-formation, we show that networks formed by a preponderance of cyclical relations would not satisfy the fundamental risk-management objective. Instead, we suggest that transitive closure, a process typically associated with hierarchical social relations, should be the primary mechanism of sharing-network formation. Networks formed by strong transitive closure are characterized by high tie density that produces many paths over which generalized exchange can be realized, a process that leads the resulting networks to be characterized by a strong core-periphery structure. We test this hypothesis with data on country-food sharing among Inuit hunters in Nunavik, finding that the food-sharing network has very high transitivity and is characterized by a striking core-periphery structure. We conclude with a discussion of network structure under different modes of livelihood risk management and what these networks tell us about adaptation to contemporary climate change.
Response of Light Intensity to The Carotenoid Content of Sea Grape Caulerpa sp.
Authors: Rosnawati Rina , Cokrowati Nunik , Diniarti Nanda
Published: November 2022

Caulerpa sp. is a green alga that grows naturally in Indonesian waters. Caulerpa sp. grows in shallow seas with calm currents and attaches to coral substrates or sand substrates and rock fragments. In Indonesia, this alga is widely used as a food ingredient. Caulerpa sp.  Contains lignan which is beneficial to human health, namely its ability to prevent the growth of cancer cells. This study aims to determine the difference in the number of carotenoids in Caulerpa sp. with different light intensities using controlled containers at the Laboratory of Fish Production and Reproduction, University of Mataram. The method used was experimental with a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 30 days of maintenance. The results showed the growth of Caulerpa sp. highest in treatment D (3 light 3000 lux) with an average absolute growth of 80 g, specific growth of 0,92 %, stolon length of 6,4 cm, and the highest carotenoid content. The lowest growth value was in treatment A (1 light 500 lux) with an absolute growth value of 35 cm, specific growth of 0,44%, stolon length of 4,6 cm, formula length 2,6 carotenoid content of 0.15 mg/g
Inhibition Zone Test of Chaetomorpha sp. Extract Against Aeromonas hydrophilla and Vibrio sp. Bacteria
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Gazali Mohamad , Kurniawan Ronal
Published: November 2022

Chaetomorpha sp. is a green algae that has anti-bacterial compounds and at certain times found very much. The purpose of this study was to see the inhibition zone produced from the ethanol extract of Chaetomorpha sp. against A. hydrophilla and Vibrio sp. This research was done in March 2022. Extraction of Chaetomorpha sp., antibacterial effectiveness testing was done at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Riau University. The method used is descriptive method. Sensitivity test was performed using the Kirby Bauer disc method. To reduce the error rate, it was repeated three times. The doses of macroalgae extract used were, doses of 100% (10,000 ppm), 90% (9,000 ppm), 80% (8,000 ppm), 70% (7000 ppm), 60% (6000 ppm), 50% (5000 ppm), 40 % (4000 ppm), 30% (3000 ppm), 20% (2000 ppm), 10% (1000 ppm) and control (Oxytetracycline). Based on the observations, it was found that the use of ethanol extract of Chaetomorpha sp. The result is able to inhibit the growth of bacteria A. hydrophilla and Vibrio sp. at the highest dose (10000 ppm) in an range of 13.5 -14.5 mm which was classified as strong category, the lowest dose was at 5000 ppm as moderate category.
Research during COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives from the Ethics Committees of a Lower Middle Income Country
Authors: Ghimire N. , Panthee A. , Sharma M. R. , Adhikari R. K. , Gyanwali P.
Published: November 2022

The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created paradoxically a good opportunity globally to conduct research in the field of health and social science, and a Lower Middle-Income Country (LMIC) like Nepal is not an exception in this regard. During this ongoing pandemic, the Ethical Review Board (ERB) of Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC) has received numerous research proposals regarding COVID-19. As its main responsibility is to ensure participants’ safety, at the same time maintaining the scientific standard of research, the ERB has meticulously gone through all the proposals received so far. During this situation of a health emergency, the ERB of NHRC has had a different experience compared to the usual time. Its strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats have been like never before.
The Clash of Economic and Religious Fundamentalism in Aslam's The Blind Man's Garden
Authors: Mustafa Atta-ul- , Amir Muhammad Asaf , Farooq Sardar Ahmad
Published: November 2022

This study aims to understand the clashes between American economic fundamentalists and Islamic religious fundamentalists in South Asia regarding Nadeem Aslam's The Blind Man's Garden (2013). The study explores that the economic entrepreneurs of the neo-imperialists give birth to counterproductive acts of religiosity. It shows how the ugliness of economic hunger is adroitly hidden behind the polished face of globalization, just as the priggish and snobbish religiosity of Muslim fundamentalists encloses their avarice for power and wealth. Using Tariq Ali's theory of Clashes of Fundamentalisms, the study proves that the root cause of civilizational clashes is the outcome of conflicts of interests between Western economic fundamentalists and Muslim religious fundamentalists. The study concludes the economic, political, cultural and strategic motives working behind the goals of establishing neo-imperialism through the elimination of borders for neo-liberalist gains in the wake of the war on terror.
Pelatihan Ekonomi Kreatif Dan Pendampingan Edukatif Untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Masyarakat Di Desa Sambiroto
Authors: Muzaiyanah Muzaiyanah , Syaifuddin Mohammad , Winarto Wahid Wachyu Adi
Published: November 2022

Abstract: The quality of society is a changing condition of a value that is part of the character in accordance with the expectations of society. The community quality improvement carried out in the village of Sambiroto focuses on improving the economy and community education through the creative economy and education with tutoring. The goal is none other than to improve the quality of rural communities, especially during this COVID-19 pandemic. The method used is to go directly to the field to implement the program that has been prepared. The result is by conducting entrepreneurship socialization, creative business training, digital marketing training, training on making cassava crispy leaves, training in making bouquets, making living pharmacies, and tutoring as a way to improve children's education.Abstrak: Kualitas masyarakat adalah kondisi perubahan nilai yang menjadi bagian dari karakter sesuai dengan harapan masyarakat. Peningkatan kualitas masyarakat yang dilakukan di Desa Sambiroto berfokus pada peningkatan ekonomi dan pendidikan masyarakat melalui ekonomi kreatif dan pendidikan dengan bimbingan belajar. Tujuannya tak lain untuk meningkatkan kualitas masyarakat pedesaan, terutama di masa pandemi COVID-19 ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan terjun langsung ke lapangan untuk melaksanakan program yang telah disusun. Hasilnya dengan melakukan sosialisasi kewirausahaan, pelatihan bisnis kreatif, pelatihan digital marketing, pelatihan membuat daun garing singkong, pelatihan membuat karangan bunga, membuat apotek hidup, dan bimbingan belajar sebagai salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan pendidikan anak.