bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Method of Qur’anic Exegesis in Indonesian Modern Context: A Study of Hamka’s and Quraish Shihab’s Thoughts on Trinity
Authors: Muna Moh. Nailul
Published: October 2022

This paper aims to analyze the modern interpretation method in Indonesia when understanding verses closely related to a concept outside Islamic religion. One of them is Trinity conception criticized by Quran on (5:73-75). Indonesian interpreters explain this passage in a variety of ways and the those are viewed dogmatically; using the method of quoting the Quran and Hadith, the opinion of the Salaf and Mutakallimn scholars. Hamka and Quraish Shihab made a different offer. Hamka in al-Azhar's interpretation tends to read the Quranic criticism using the Bible. Meanwhile, Shihab uses logical reasoning in reading these verses. These two things become new markers of the development of modern Indonesian commentary regarding with objectively reading trinity conception rather than by dogmatic sense. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytical. The results obtained from the two objects of this study are that the methods used by Hamka and Quraish Shihab are intertextuality and reasoning. The two methods allow wider acceptance of the interpretation product, including to non-Muslims.
Mushaf Blawong Gogodalem: Interpretasi Sejarah Melalui Pendekatan Kodikologi
Authors: Fais Nor Lutfi , Jamil Abdul , Sukendar Sukendar
Published: October 2022

Artikel ini mengkaji empat manuskrip Al-Qur’an yang berada di desa Gogodalem. Menurut kepercayaan masyarakat setempat, manuskrip-manuskrip tersebut merupakan tulisan tangan asli Mbah Jamaluddin. Namun demikian, kajian awal menunjukkan bahwa keempat manuskrip tersebut tidak dapat dinisbatkan kepada Mbah Jamaluddin. Penggunaan alas mushaf yang tidak ditemukan chain line di sepanjang garis vertikal kertasnya mengindikasikan bahwa mushaf tersebut paling awal datang dari awal abad ke-19 M. Selain itu, gaya kepenulisannya mengindikasikan bahwa keempat mushaf ditulis oleh lebih dari satu orang. Jika demikian, maka kepada siapa mushaf tersebut dinisbatkan? Melalui pendekatan kodikologi dan sejarah, kajian ini berupaya memberikan interpretasi sejarah terhadap mushaf Gogodalem. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa keempat mushaf memiliki hubungan dengan Keraton Surakarta. Interpretasi ini berpijak pada penggunaan alas mushaf, model iluminasi, dan relasi sejarah yang dimiliki. Sementara itu, deskripsi mushaf menunjukkan bahwa rasm yang digunakan keempat mushaf merupakan campuran antara usmani dan imlai, mengikuti qiraat Imam Hafṣ, serta model iluminasi tetumbuhan (floral) yang sederhana dan tidak mencolok.
Vernakularisasi Tafsir Al-Qur’an di Kalimantan Barat (Studi Atas Tafsir Ᾱyāt aṣ-Ṣiyām Karya Muhammad Basiuni Imran)
Authors: Parwanto Wendi
Published: October 2022

This study examines the vernacularization of tafsir Ᾱyāt aṣ-Ṣiyām  by M. Basiuni Imran which has not been done by many researchers. This type of research is library research with the primary data of manuscript tafsir Ᾱyāt aṣ-Ṣiyām  by M. Basiuni Imran. The analytical model used is a narrative analysis and by using the concept of vernacularization. The conclusion of this article shows that vernacularization is not only a process of translating from Arabic to a local language but there are elements of locality that are accommodated in the translation process. The form of vernacularization is divided into two, namely: 1) vernacularization in the form of diction and language; 2) vernacularization in the form of narrative or interpretation content. Likewise in the tafsir Ᾱyāt aṣ-Ṣiyām , the form of vernacularization in the interpretation belongs to the vernacularization of diction or language, namely the use of the words Uwas (remember), Tembawang (a former farming hut), and Sungai (a description of the reality of West Kalimantan).
Etika Lingkungan Biosentris dalam Al-Quran: Analisis Tafsir Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup Karya Kementerian Agama
Authors: Mun'im Zainul
Published: October 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menguji konsep etika lingkungan dalam buku Tafsir Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup yang disusun oleh Tim Lajnah Pentashihan Al-Qur’an, Kementerian Agama RI. Artikel merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis. Artikel ini menggunakan teori etika lingkungan yang dikembangkan oleh Sonny Keraf sebagai dasar analisisnya. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa penafsiran tentang isu-isu lingkungan dalam Tafsir Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup cenderung menjadikan semua unsur alam, baik manusia dan unsur-unsur yang lainnya, sebagai dasar kehidupan yang tidak dapat diabaikan. Kelestarian gunung, laut, air, binatang dan tumbuh-tumbuhan tidak dapat diabaikan hanya demi kepentingan manusia. Dalam mengeksplor alam, manusia terikat dengan etika-etika yang telah dirumuskan Al-Qur’an, di antaranya adalah mengambil pelajaran dari setiap bencana alam, tidak bersikap berlebih-lebihan dan bermewah-mewahan, serta membiasakan hidup bersih. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa etika lingkungan yang disusun dalam Tafsir Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup lebih mengarah kepada etika intermediate environmental yang bersifat biosentris, yakni paham yang menjadikan seluruh unsur dalam ekosistem alam sebagai dasar kehidupan bersama.
Konsep Ḥākimiyyah: Menimbang Ayat Suci dan Ayat Konstitusi dalam Negara Demokrasi
Authors: Hanafi Muchlis Muhammad
Published: October 2022

Artikel ini ingin menjelaskan tentang konsep hakimiyah yang sering dijadikan legitimasi sebagian komunitas muslim dalam konteks bernegara. Konsep ini juga sering dijadikan sebagai dasar tindakan yang mengarah pada ektrimisme dengan dalih agama. Keinginan untuk menegakkan hukum Allah yang berlandaskan Al-Qur’an dibenturkan dengan kewajiban menaati konstitusi dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Implikasinya, muncul penolakan dan larangan mematuhi hukum dan perundang-undangan yang tidak bersumber dari Al-Qur’an dan hadis. Tidak jarang, sering berujung saling mengkafirkan satu sama lain. Melalui studi literatur tafsir dan pendekatan sejarah, penulis berusaha memetakan konsep ḥākimiyyah secara lebih objektif dan kontekstual. Hasilnya, penerapan konsep ḥākimiyyah tidaklah meniscayakan formalitas agama. Namun bisa tercermin dari munculnya regulasi dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang bersumber pada nilai-nilai beragama. Apalah artinya formalisasi konsep, namun hasil kebijakannya justru bertolak belakang dengan nilai-nilai luhur yang terkandung dalam kitab suci.
The current approach and the treatment of adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Sekulic Borivoj
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The treatment outcome of adolescents and young adults with
acute lymphoblastic leukemia is much poorer in contrast to pediatric
patients. By changing the concept of the treatment for patients who are
adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, especially
with the use of pediatric regimens, significant improvement in survival has
been made (current 5-year survival rate goes up to 70%). Contributing
factors for different outcomes between children and adolescents and young
adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Beside the differences between
pediatric and adult protocols, there are several factors which can explain
the different outcomes between these groups of patients with acute
lymphoblastic leukemia. One of the main factors is different biology of the
leukemias and, on the other side, lower accrual rates in clinical trials in
adolescents and young adults and their specific psychosocial factors, like
poor compliance with the treatment and missed appointments. Current
treatment and novel approaches in the treatment of adolescents and young
adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Current treatment approach to the
adolescent and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is based on
the pediatric protocols with the risk-adapted strategy, which depends
primarily on the cytogenetics and postinduction minimal/measurable residual
disease. The main goal of the novel treatment, especially with the use of
targeted therapy and innovative immunotherapies incorporated in the
pediatric protocols, is to achieve a deep and durable leukemia-free
survival. To transplant or not to transplant adolescents and young adults
with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is still a matter of debate, particularly
in the era of pediatric regimens and the new sequence algorithm with the
upfront use of novel drugs. Conclusion. Adolescent and young adult patients
with acute lymphoblastic leukemia should be treated in specialized centers
by an experienced multidisciplinary team with close attention to their
particular needs.
Treatment of lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Marisavljevic Dragomir , Savic Aleksandar , Bogdanovic Andrija
Published: October 2022

Introduction. We present the recommendations for treatment of the lower-risk
myelodysplastic syndromes on behalf of the Serbian myelodysplastic syndromes
group. Material and Methods. A literature review was conducted using the
following bibliographic databases: Google Scholar, MEDLINE and Kobson. The
recommendations for treatment of lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes are
based on expert opinion based on review of the literature and contemporary
recommendations for treatment of lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes.
Recommendations. Anemia is the most relevant cytopenia in terms of frequency
and symptoms in lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes, and may be treated
successfully with erythropoietic stimulating agents, with or without
granulocyte growth factor, provided a careful selection is performed on the
basis of Revised International Prognostic Scoring System, endogenous
erythropoietin levels, and transfusion independence. In case a patient fails
erythropoietic stimulating agents treatment, the available options may
include lenalidomide, hypomethylating agents, and a rather large number of
experimental agents. Chelation therapy is recommended in patients who have
received or are anticipated to receive > 20 red blood cell transfusions and
those with serum ferritin levels > 2500 ng/mL. Specific therapy for
thrombocytopenia has been proposed in experimental clinical trials with
thrombomimetic agents that have shown good efficacy, but raised some safety
concern. Severe neutropenia is targeted symptomatically with growth factor
supportive care. The immunosuppressive treatments are indicated mainly for
pancytopenia, hypoplastic lowerrisk myelodysplastic syndromes. Finally,
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the curative option for younger,
good performance (fit) lower-risk patient with poor risk features, according
to European Blood and Marrow Transplantation/European Leukemia Net
International expert panel and myelodysplastic syndrome-RIGHT group.
Conclusion. Treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes is mainly based on
resolution of symptoms due to particular cytopenia(s).
Treatment of higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Savic Aleksandar , Marisavljevic Dragomir , Bogdanovic Andrija
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of clonal
haematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by cytopenia, dysplasia,
ineffective hematopiesis, recurrent genetic abnormalities, and increased
risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia. In this paper, we present the
review and recommendations for treatment of high risk myelodysplastic
syndromes on behalf of the Serbian myelodysplastic syndromes group. Material
and Methods. A literature review was conducted using the following
bibliographic databases: Google Scholar, MEDLINE and Kobson. The
recommendations treatment of high risk myelodysplastic syndromes are based
on expert opinion based on review of literature and contemporary
recommendations for treatment of high risk for myelodysplastic syndromes.
Recommendations. Higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes should be defined in
patients risk group with > 3.5 IPSS-R score. Allo- HSCT is recommended in
fit higher-risk patients with IPSS-R > 3.5 as well as in fit lower-risk
patients with poor risk features according to EBMT/ELN International expert
panel and myelodysplastic syndromes right group. Acute myeloid leukemia like
or hypomethylation treatment before Allo-HSCT is indicated in patients with
myelodysplastic syndromes with ? 10% of blasts. Azacitidine is recommended
in intermediate-2 and high risk IPSS patients who are not eligible for
transplantation with minimal number of six cycles to define response. Acute
myeloid leukemia like treatment is recommended in fit higher-risk for
patients with myelodysplastic syndromes with excess of blasts, good
performance status, without substantial comorbidities, and with no poor/very
poor cytogenetics/genetics. Conclusion. The treatment of fit higher-risk
patients should be based on allo-SCT. In patients who are not candidates for
transplant hypomethylation treatment is indicated as well as acute myeloid
leukemia like treatment in selected patients.
Pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Serbia - 25 years of experience
Authors: Vujic Dragana , Zecevic Zeljko , Simic Marija , Gobeljic Borko , Lazic Emilija , Samardzija Gordana , Serbic Olivera
Published: October 2022

The first allogeneic identical sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell
transplantation at the Institute for Mother and Child Health Care of Serbia
?Dr. Vukan Cupic? (Institute) was performed in the seventies of the last
century. Almost twenty years later, the first allogeneic transplant from
sibling haploidentical donor was performed in an infant suffering from
severe combined immunodeficiency. After several years of efforts, the bone
marrow transplant unit was opened in April 1997 at the Institute. Over the
25 years, the transplant team performed 360 hematopoietic stem cell
transplantations, 175 autologous and 185 allogeneic (103 from identical
sibling donor, 43 from haploidentical sibling donor, 36 from matched
unrelated donor, 2 from identical sibling cord blood and 1 from unrelated
identical cord blood).
From inborn errors of immunity to lymphoma: A hematologist’s point of view
Authors: Marjanovic Goran , Dzopalic Tanja , Kostic Milos , Lazarevic Milan , Stojanoski Zlate , Bonaci-Nikolic Branka
Published: October 2022

After infections, malignancies, lymphomas especially, are the second most
frequent cause of death in patients with inborn errors of immunity. Factors
predetermining the appearance and aggressiveness of lymphomas include gene
defects, defects of immune surveillance and regulation as well as infections
with oncogenic viruses. Aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas, mostly diffuse
large B-cell and Bukit subtypes are predominant in deoxyribonucleic acid
repair defects, while Hodgkin lymphoma becomes equally present in patients
with defects of immune regulation. Marginal zone and mucosa-associated
lymphoid tissue lymphomas, appear to be frequent in defects of antibody
production, especially in patients with common variable immune deficiency.
The prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus may vary within entities, but there is
no entity without at least a few cases of lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus
co-infection. Standard treatment of lymphomas associated with
deoxyribonucleic acid repair defects and severe combined deficiencies, is
stem cell transplantation. Lymphomas in inborn errors of immunity with a
less severe clinical presentation, should be treated with immunochemotherapy
and monoclonal antibodies (Brentuximab, Rituximab) wherever feasible. There
is no data about the usefulness of checkpoint inhibitors, bi-specific
antibodies and T-cells with chimeric antigen receptor. Allogeneic stem cell
transplantation represents a major indication for treatment of
relapse/refractory lymphomas in any inborn error of immunity. Potential
benefit of therapy with Chimeric antigen receptor Natural-killer cells in
lymphomas associated with inborn errors of immunity, remains to be seen in
future studies.
High-grade B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Sretenovic Snezana , Djurdjevic Predrag
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Aggressive B-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of
diseases with various clinical, patohistological, genetic characteristics
and a variety of treatment outcomes. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the
most common lymphoma in European countries, some lymphomas are recognized as
specifically aggressive, providing non-adequate response to the standard
treatment (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine,
prednisone). High-grade B-lymphomas. One group consists of those which are
carriers of the c-myc, bcl-2 or bcl-6 rearrangement established by
Fluorescence in situ hybridization, and are called high grade B lymphomas,
which can be double hit or triple hit. The other group consists of those
with blastoid morphology, which are not carriers of the c-myc, bcl-2 and
bcl- 6 rearrangement and are called Not Otherwise Specified. This
heterogeneous group is a carrier of a single myc mutation in 45% of cases,
in 15% of patients, an additional analysis of gene expression profiling
indicates the presence of high grade B lymphomas double hit sig+. Extranodal
localization with Central Nervous System involvement is frequently reported.
Clinical staging and disease progression along with risk assessment by means
of IPI scores and aaIPI scores in patients with high-grade B-lymphomas.
Diagnostic procedures during the clinical interview, physical examination,
laboratory analyses and various additional diagnostic procedures. High-grade
Blymphomas treatment. Studies indicate more intensive induction chemotherapy
including central nervous system prophylaxis for these patients. Conclusion.
The question of how to choose the most effective therapeutic strategy in
high grade B lymphomas is still open at this moment, and examinations are
focused on the research of molecular mechanisms of lymphomagenesis.
Real-world evidence in diagnostics and treatment of patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Bila Jelena , Sretenovic Aleksandra , Markovic Olivera , Stanisavljevic Natasa , Vlaisavljevic Nada , Savic Ivanka
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Multiple myeloma is the second most common malignant hemopathy.
The average incidence of this disease in our country is 4.2-6.7/100,000
inhabitants per year. Despite significant progress in the overall survival
over the past 20 years, only 10-15% of patients achieve long-term remission
and an average survival that corresponds to the average life expectancy of
the general human population. The current recommendations for the treatment
of multiple myeloma are globally based on the results of randomized clinical
trials in which only 10-40% of patients are treated, which is why the
analysis of the results of the patients treated outside of randomized
clinical trials, the so-called ?Real-World Evidence? data, is very
important. Diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma - Real-World
Evidence. Through presentations of the cases from routine clinical practice,
multiple myeloma treatment modalities are presented in accordance with
modern recommendations for diagnosis and treatment, as well as the multiple
myeloma phase of the disease: treatment approach in newly diagnosed
patients; treatment of the first relapse; and treatment of the second and
subsequent relapses. Conclusion. The analysis of Real-World Evidence data
indicates significant differences between clinical and laboratory
characteristics of patients treated outside randomized clinical trials in
comparison to the randomized clinical trials participants, with an
significant impact to the therapeutic approach, course and outcome of the
disease, consequently leading to the necessity of further Real- World
Evidence analyzes and their inclusion in the current recommendations for
multiple myeloma diagnosis and treatment
Myeloproliferative neoplasms and pregnancy
Authors: Urosevic Ivana , Bogdanovic Andrija , Lekovic Danijela
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The Myeloproliferative Neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of
clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by increased
proliferation of the myeloid lineages in the bone marrow. A particular
clinical challenge is presented by certain situations in patients with
myeloproliferative Neoplasms, which we do not encounter daily. For this
reason, in this paper, we will emphasize the approach to overcoming
obstacles in patients with Myeloproliferative Neoplasms in specific
settings, like pregnancy. Pregnancy with Philadelphia chromosome-negative
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms has been reported to be associated with
maternal thrombosis, hemorrhage, and placental dysfunction leading to fetal
growth restriction or loss. Thrombocytosis, leucocytosis, high level of
hematocrit, activation of Platelets, leucocytes, and circulating
pro-thrombotic are connected with the pathogenesis of thrombosis in MPNs
With survival expectations similar to age-matched controls and excellent
response and worldwide access to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, family planning
is increasingly important for many patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.
All patients were managed by a multidisciplinary team of physicians with
obligatory hematological and gynecologistsobstetrician consultations.
Clinical significance of bleeding scoring systems
Authors: Vucic Miodrag , Lilic Bozidar
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Bleeding scoring systems are used for predicting the risk of a
specific primary outcome in a specific population.In this article, we
present scoring systems frequently used in internist practice. Bleeding
scoring systems for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Are divided into
clinical, endoscopic,and combined scoring systems, according to the type of
variables included. Besides traditional systems (Rockall,
Glasgow-Blatchford), we primarily present clinical scoring systems used for
upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Bleeding scoring systems for patients with
atrial fibrillation on anticoagulant therapy. We refer to the most
significant scoring systems - ATRIA, HAS-BLED, and ORBIT. Since the
prognostic performance of the existing scoring systems is less than
satisfactory, medical organizations suggest they should be used for
recognizing patients who deserve close monitoring during anticoagulant
therapy. Bleeding scoring systems for patients with acute myocardial
infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. ACUITY-HORIZONS
was proven to be superior to other scoring systems in predicting bleeding
within 30 days in patients with a myocardial infarction treated with
transradial percutaneous coronary intervention. Bleeding scoring systems for
bleeding disorders. Scoring systems enable the detection of bleeding
disorders before performing laboratory tests. Considering the frequency
severity of symptoms, newer systems have been developed for the pediatric
population and self-testing by modifying the original scoring system.
Conclusion. Although medical organizations encourage the implementation of
scoring systems in clinical practice, the development of newer and enhanced
existing systems requires a comprehensive approach and critical analysis of
the existing systems.
Febrile neutropenia in patients with hematological malignancies - definition, diagnosis and management
Authors: Vidovic Ana , Sefer Dijana , Rajic Jovan , Gunjak Tara , Milosevic Violeta , Jovanovic Snezana
Published: October 2022

Intensive chemotherapy/radiotherapy in cancer, especially with hematologic
malignancies, causes cellular injury and suppression of inflammatory
responses, which increase the risks of neutropenia and febrile episodes.
Absolute neutrophil count < 1 ? 109/L is considered neutropenia, with
absolute neutrophil count < 0.5 ? 109/L or < 1 ? 109/L that is expected to
decrease to < 0.5 ? 109/L in the next 48 hours considered severe
neutropenia, while absolute neutrophil count < 0.1 ? 109 is referred as
profound neutropenia. Febrile episodes are usually defined as oral
temperature > 38.3?C or two consecutive readings > 38.0?C lasting more than
1 hour. Although there is the possibility of non-infection-caused febrile
neutropenia, most episodes are caused by infections. Febrile neutropenia is
a clinical emergency that requires prompt management. Despite advances in
therapy in recent years, febrile neutropenia remains a common complication
in chemotherapy causing serious clinical results, including death. The
administration of empirical antibacterial therapy has been successful in the
management of febrile neutropenia since its launching 50 years ago. The wide
application of broad-spectrum antibiotics has effectively decreased the
mortality of febrile neutropenia patients. Neutropenic patients who remain
febrile despite 4-7 days of broad-spectrum antibacterial therapy are at a
high risk of invasive fungal infection. Empirical antifungal therapy with
Amphotericin B or Caspofungin in persistently febrile neutropenic patients
and other high-risk patients has shown to reduce the risk of invasive fungal
infection by 50 - 80% and the risk of fungal infection-related mortality by
23- 45%. Lipid formulations which improve the therapeutic ratio of the
traditional formulation are available
Peran Strategis Kerjasama IA-CEPA Terhadap Pemulihan Ekonomi Indonesia di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Nuranisa Salma Alysa , Paksi Arie Kusuma
Published: October 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 telah menyebar di seluruh dunia dan berdampak pada perekonomian global secara signifikan. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang mengalami krisis ekonomi yang cukup tajam sebagai konsekuensi dari pandemi ini.. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peran strategis kerjasama IA-CEPA dan bagaimana kontribusinya terhadap pemulihan ekonomi Indonesia di masa pandemi COVID-19. Subjek penelitian ini adalah langkah-langkah yang dilakukan di bawah kerjasama IA-CEPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi literatur berupa artikel ilmiah, buku, data statistik serta laporan resmi dari pemerintah, dan sumber-sumber yang relevan lainnya. Sumber-sumber yang telah diperoleh tersebut kemudian digabungkan untuk dianalisis sehingga dapat menghasilkan interpretasi dari penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang ditemukan, langkah-langkah yang dilakukan pada kerjasama IA-CEPA telah berhasil mendukung Indonesia dalam memulihkan perekonomiannya yang sempat terpuruk pada masa pandemi. Dalam upaya penguatan ekonomi Indonesia, program-program yang diselenggarakan dalam kerjasama IA-CEPA berfokus pada sektor investasi dan ekonomi, barang dan jasa, serta pengembangan sumber daya manusia.
Pestes, pragas e outros bichos: as duas grandes epidemias de Londres (1348 e 1665)
Authors: Alfonso-Goldfarb Ana Maria , Bombini Raíssa Rocha
Published: October 2022

As grandes epidemias de peste que atingiram ao longo de muitos séculos os ingleses, refletiram mudanças importantes para os conhecimentos de cada período histórico. Esse artigo busca unir duas extremidades de um decorrer de grandes catástrofes epidemiológicas na Inglaterra, com um olhar especial à populosa Londres, começando com a primeira entrada da peste bubônica na cidade, em 1348, e seu provável último grande surto, em 1665. Os dois episódios tocados aqui são apresentados sob a perspectiva das novidades, semelhanças e diferenças entre essas duas pontas da história, passando pelas novas respostas da medicina no século XIV e os princípios de uma ‘aritmética política’ no século XVII. Para esse fim, são de extrema importância diferentes fontes, como as inúmeras cópias do tratado médico de John de Burdeaux, escritos a partir de 1390, e o Observations de John Graunt, publicado a partir de 1662.
A física do estado sólido no Brasil: relações entre ciência, indústria e sociedade
Authors: Marzagão Laércio Antonio
Published: October 2022

Entender o processo de transformação do conhecimento em riqueza no Brasil e as circunstâncias em que essa transformação ocorre é a questão primordial para este trabalho. Para efeito desta pesquisa a articulação de uma área particular do conhecimento, que é a física do estado sólido, com a indústria correspondente foi avaliada. Em primeiro lugar é construída uma história da física do estado sólido no Brasil segundo três trajetórias distintas: a da academia, a da indústria e a do Estado. A presença do Estado nesse estudo se justifica pela importância que, desde a Segunda Guerra Mundial, o papel de recursos públicos tem desempenhado, em todo o mundo, no desenvolvimento da tecnologia e da ciência. O estudo de materiais sólidos ganha maior relevância após a guerra, portanto, é uma disciplina recente e, além disso, é também de escassos registros. Por essas duas razões, a metodologia adotada para sua construção é a da história oral híbrida. Foram recolhidos testemunhos, através de entrevistas, de personalidades das três áreas mencionadas, que participaram e criaram essa história nas últimas décadas. O conjunto dessas entrevistas constitui o corpo documental principal dessa pesquisa. E esta história oral é híbrida, pois as entrevistas, que tratam todas de um mesmo tema, dialogam naturalmente entre si e são refletidas em fontes externas. A história é então construída através do entrelaçamento desses três universos. Por hipótese, este trabalho considera que a articulação eficaz entre academia e indústria é dependente de contexto. Para efeito de avaliação dessa articulação e do consequente sucesso dessa indústria, é necessária a eleição de um marco teórico, e este foi tomado emprestado da economia. Michael Porter, acadêmico de Harvard que trabalha entre os mundos da economia e da administração, também considera a relevância do ambiente empresarial – ou do contexto – no sucesso de uma determinada indústria e estabelece a sua “teoria do diamante”. Esse recurso teórico é utilizado nessa pesquisa para avaliar os fatores que determinaram a história da indústria de semicondutores no Brasil. Os resultados obtidos nessa pesquisa podem ser utilizados na formulação e condução de políticas científicas, tecnológicas e industriais no Brasil.
Thinking vs. Thought in the context of David Bohm: The Awakening of Creativity as Opposed to Arbitrariness and Fragmentation of Scientific Knowledge
Authors: André Juliana Genevieve Souza
Published: October 2022

This present Doctoral Thesis deals with David Bohm's reflection on the Act of Thinking vs. Thinking, and its impacts that would affect freedom for creativity, or, on the contrary, would run into arbitrariness and fragmentation, especially in scientific knowledge. For that, we combined some of his works, written in the period of his maturity. In the weaving of our text, following the line of Bohm, we resort to the use of metaphors and analogies, in order to explore not only the “awakening of his creativity”, through the contexts to which he was involved, but also his repertoire, their lenses to understand the world involved and explained. In addition, we analyze how their affective bonds would have contributed to their particular way of making themselves: as a physicist and free thinker. Although he was a scholar born in the last century, we will see how other researchers, even today, seem to share the "same" act of thinking, which in a way, even if implied, continues to extend its influence to many.
Analisis Manajemen Sumber Daya Nazir Tentang Perwakafan Dan Efektifitasnya Terhadap Pengelolaan Wakaf
Authors: Nisa Roudhatun , Gazali Ahmad , Anafarhanah Sri
Published: October 2022

Pengelolaan wakaf yang baik sangat dipengaruhi oleh nazir selaku pengelola, penerapan fungsi POAC dalam lembaga nazir sangat penting dilakukan guna meningkatkan kualitas SDM dan nilai dari wakaf. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan. Hasil dari penelitian mengatakan bahwa nazir di kecamatan Penajam didominasi oleh nazir yang berlatarbelakang pendidikan SLTA, kemudian penerapan fungsi manajemen sumber daya manusia pada (a)perencanaan, sistem pemilihan nazir telah sesuai dengan undang-undang (b)pengorganisasian, pembentukan struktur, pengembangan SDM melalui pelatihan, serta kompensasi non finansial (c)pelaksanaan yaitu dimulai dari administrasi hingga pengelolaan wakaf sesuai dengan peruntukkannya, dan (d)pengawasan, dilakukan langsung oleh kementerian agama dan KUA. Dari hasil diatas penerapan manajemen sumber daya manusia pada nazir  masih belum terlaksana dengan baik karena kurangnya pelatihan sehingga menyebabkan kurangnya pengetahuan nazir terhadap wakaf serta pengelolaan yang masih bersifat tradisional, akan tetapi secara garis besar pengelolaan wakaf dikecamatan Penajam bisa dikatakan efektif karena pengalaman yang dimiliki nazir.
TikTok Islam: Ekspresi Anak Muda, Media Baru, dan Kreativitas di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Husna Fathayatul , Triantoro Dony Arung , Nafisah Raudhatun
Published: October 2022

Artikel ini fokus membahas tentang ekspresi anak muda di tengah pandemi. Selama pandemi, aktivitas sosial dimediasi melalui teknologi komunikasi modern seperti media sosial. Kondisi ini mendukung munculnya berbagai ekspresi anak muda di media sosial, salah satunya dalam bentuk menyebarkan pesan-pesan keagamaan di TikTok. Untuk mengetahui lebih jauh terkait fenomena ini, penulis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang menekankan pada kerja etnografi virtual dan dianalisis dengan literatur-literatur yang relevan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Husain Basyaiban, salah satu anak muda Muslim, aktif menggunakan TikTok melalui akun @basyasman00 untuk menyebarkan pesan-pesan keagamaan di masa pandemi. Meskipun secara sosiologis, TikTok menimbulkan polemik di satu sisi, tetapi di sisi lain menjadi peluang untuk membangun popularitas. Selain itu, sikap ekspresi di media sosial sejalan dengan upaya pembentukan identitas diri dan munculnya wacana narsistik.
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Plantlet Regeneration in Ammonium Nitrate Free Stock Solution-1 of Murashige & Skoog (MS, 1962) Plant Tissue Culture Medium
Authors: Hoque Md. Ekramul , Hena Hasna , Ali Md. Ershad
Published: October 2022

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plantlet regeneration potentiality was studied in ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) free tissue culture medium. Four different treatments were designed from the compositions of the stock solution-01 of plant tissue culture medium. Those were -Treatment-1 (Stock solution -01 as recommended by Murashige & Skoog (1962), Treatment-2 (MS stock solution-01 without having NH4NO3), Treatment-3 (MS stock solution-01without NH4NO3 but other component had double concentration), Treatment-4 (Readymade MS powder, Duchefa Biocheme, The Netherland). Shoot length, shoot diameter, node number and leaf number per plantlet were highest in Treatment-4 at 14, 21 and 28 days after inoculation (DAI). Shoot regeneration parameters were statistically similar with the treatment-3 and the check treatment-1. But the check treatment-1 showed better result in root number and root length (cm) as compared to treatment-3 and treatment-4. The treatment-2 showed lowest result in each of the said parameter. The stock solution-01 which was formulated without ammonium nitrate and has double dose of other ingredient has the potentiality for potato plantlet regeneration, but it was not as suitable as Readymade MS powder (Duchafa, The Netherland).
Impact of Online Learning and Students’ Personal Factors on Students’ NWEA Scores
Authors: Sahin Adam , M. Matteson Shirley
Published: October 2022

This study investigated the impact of online learning on students’ math and ELA test scores through the lens of their personal skills in addition to students’ reflections about their experience with online learning. We recruited Harmony Public Schools (HPS) 3rd–10th-grade students. We used paired t-test and multiple regression for the first and second research questions, respectively. We utilized mainly a qualitative approach for the third question. We found that HPS schools’ students made progress in math and ELA (English Language Arts) although their regular schooling completely moved to online during the 2020-2021 school year. We also found that students with higher self-efficacy, growth mindset and engagement scores had higher test scores compared to their counterparts with lower of those values. Qualitative data findings revealed that students found online learning more comfortable and convenient, however, they disliked the motivation and technical problems, and lack of social component of it.
Geochemical Assessment for Trace Metal Contamination of Mining Wastes of Fel and Its Environs in Adamawa Region (Cameroon)
Authors: Arnaud Tonang Zebaze , Adoua Njueya Kopa , Pierre Nguetnkam Jean , Rigobert Tchameni , Maurice Kwékam , Brown Akang Ndelle
Published: October 2022

Mining waste due to gold exploitation has a great consequence for the environment and needs to be assessed where mining sites are developed for good sustainable environmental management because it is responsible for the release of massive amounts of hazardous metals. For this purpose, the diagnosis of the current state of the environment of the mining sites of Fel and its environs was carried out through physical and geochemical analysis to assess evidence of pollutant capacity. Physical analyses focus on the granulometry of wastes while geochemical analyses concern the assessment of the amount 10 Metallic trace elements (MTE) on 9 samples from three mining sites. The results of the granulometric analyses reveal heterogeneity and discontinuity in the sandy gravel texture of the waste. Geochemical analyses show that a fine fraction less than 80 μm presents the best geochemical result for all chemical elements. The geoenvironmental assessment of the wastes according to the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeomax=7,14), the Contamination Factor (CFmax=212,45), the Degree of Contamination (DCmax=252,86) and the Sediment Pollution Index (SPI), characterized by low polluted sediment (SPImax=4,07), made it possible to establish the high link between As and Sb with very high concentrations, thus extreme pollution of these elements in the mining waste of the study area, particularly in Foum, Mama Wassande and Fel. Strong to very strong positive correlations observed between As and Cu, Pb, Cd and Cr, suggest that these MTE originated from a common source of contamination. Therefore, these MTE should be assessed on groundwater to prevent and avoid or minimize their effect on human health in this environment.
HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection in Pregnancy: Case Report
Authors: Harjoto Budi Setiawan , Sanjaya I Nyoman Hariyasa , Putra I Gede Mega , Pangkahila Evert Solomon
Published: October 2022

The ongoing outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been associated with worse outcomes in several populations, including those with co-morbidities. Pregnant women are one such group of individuals that may be at increased risk of infection related to physiologic changes in metabolic and maternal immune system changes in normal pregnancy. This risk may increase with underlying immunocompromised states such as in people living with HIV (PLWH). However, there is currently limited data on pregnant women with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and HIV. In this paper, a case of pregnant women infected with COVID-19 and HIV co-infection is reported.
Does the Student Feel Bothered by COVID-19 News?
Authors: Oktaviani Salsabil Dwi , Relintra M. Aldan , Astuti Putri Yuni , Maulida Isni Sania , Sulistiobudi Rezki Ashriyana
Published: October 2022

COVID-19 pandemic generated copious amounts of news regarding COVID-19 that is circulating among the public. Both positive (e.g., vaccine development) and negative (e.g., COVID-19 cases increase) news affect emotional states on an individual level, specifically for the student in higher education. They are struggling in challenging situations while adapting to online learning, which is not easy for them. This study aims to gain knowledge and gather empirical data on the COVID-19 news impact on young adult students in one of the public universities in West Java, Indonesia. We used an experimental approach in this study. Sixty participants were randomly assigned into control and experiment (i.e., being exposed to COVID-19 news) groups. Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule was used to measure participants' emotional state before and after the experiment. This study shows that COVID-19 news significantly decreases participants’ positive affect when participants have personal experience with COVID-19. Therefore, information sharing regarding COVID-19 has to be done with caution to protect individual emotional states during the pandemic. The student also should restrict the abundant information relating to COVID-19 to maintain their positive emotional state.
Diabetes és COVID-19 : A Magyar Diabetes Társaság tevékenységének bemutatása a pandémia ideje alatt
Authors: Rosta László , Mező Tibor , Kempler Péter
Published: October 2022

A diabetes COVID-19-fertőzésben a rossz prognózis és a halálozás jelentős rizikófaktora. A nem megfelelő glikémiás kontroll, a nagy vércukor-variabilitás és a társbetegségek bizonyítottan további független rizikótényezőknek tekinthetők a klinikai gyakorlatban. Éppen ezért a vércukorszint és a diabeteshez kapcsolódó társbetegségek fokozott kontrollja kiemelten fontos a szövődmények elkerülése céljából. Az internet gyors fejlődésével párhuzamosan már a pandémia előtt is elkezdődött a diabetesgondozás fokozatos átalakulása. A járványhelyzet azonban új helyzetet elé állította a cukorbetegeket és az egészségügyi ellátókat egyaránt, megnyitva a lehetőséget a digitális alapú ellátás fejlődésének irányába. A pandémia ideje alatt a Magyar Diabetes Társaság számos formában nyújtott támogatást a cukorbetegek telemedicinaalapú gondozásához.
Az inzulingyártás kezdetei Magyarországon
Authors: Winkler Gábor , Kis János Tibor , Schandl László
Published: October 2022

Az inzulin felfedezése és az első inzulinkezelés évei Magyarországon a trianoni kábultság, az ország méltatlan és indokolatlan feldarabolása idejére estek. Az ország fennmaradása és kiharcolt történelmi helye megtartása szempontjából kulcsfontosságú volt, hogy lépést tudjon tartani a tudomány fejlődésével, megmaradjanak nemzetközi kapcsolatai a tudományos és a művészeti élet reprezentánsaival. A hazai inzulingyártás elindulása e törekvések megvalósulásának eklatáns példája. A közlemény áttekinti a magyarországi inzulingyártás közvetlen előzményeit és emléket állít azon kutatóknak, valamint nagyszámú, névvel nem ismert háttérbeli segítőiknek, akik hozzájárultak e munka sikeréhez.
Diabeteses betegek alapellátása Európában : Országok közötti összehasonlítás
Authors: Rurik Imre , Nánási Anna , Orozco-Beltran Domingo , Kolozsvári László Róbert
Published: October 2022

A diabetes világszerte nagy népegészségügyi problémát jelent. A házi/családorvosok fontos szerepet játszanak a diagnózis felállításában és a kezelésben. Célunk volt a háziorvosok szerepének, kompetenciájának és gyakorlatának vizsgálata Európa országaiban, a különbségek és párhuzamosságok bemutatása az érdeklődő magyar olvasóknak. A gyakorlati háziorvosi teendőkre és kompetenciákra vonatkozó kérdőívet szerkesztettünk és ezt olyan európai szakembereknek küldtük el megválaszolásra, akik saját országukban elismert tekintélynek számítanak az alapellátásban végzett diabetológiai ellátásban és a kutatásban. Összesen 21 országból érkezett vissza 54 kitöltött kérdőív. Mindegyik országban elsősorban az alapellátásban történik a diabetes diagnosztizálása. A szűrés meghíváson vagy szervezett kampányon alapul, azonban néhány országban a szűrés alkalomszerű vagy önkéntes. Több országban nincs szűrési protokoll, vagy ha igen, azt különféle szakmai testületek állították össze. Az utánkövetés gyakoriságát általában a beteg állapotának vagy laboratóriumi paramétereinek változása határozza meg. A vizsgált európai országokban nincs egységes kompetenciája a háziorvosoknak, ez többnyire az illető ország alapellátási rendszerének pozíciójától, pénzügyi és „visszatérítési” szabályozóitól függ. Ebből a szempontból a volt szocialista országok betegei hátrányosabb helyzetben vannak.
Destino corporal y rituales fúnebres: preferencias en la vejez
Authors: Mazzetti Latini Carolina
Published: October 2022

El artículo exhibe las preferencias respecto a los rituales fúnebres en personas mayores de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. En consonancia con las transformaciones en la ritualidad funeraria, la decisión sobre el destino corporal oscila entre la autonomía personal, la negociación con el entorno social o la delegación familiar. En efect­o, se reconoce un cambio de época en torno a la vigencia de algunos r­itos, así como el despliegue de prácticas creativas cuya ritualización se a­sume en tanto mediación para conectar con la vida y con la muerte. Los hallazgos se enmarcan en un estudio sobre los imaginarios sociales acerca de la muerte en la vejez a partir de un análisis cualitativo desde un marco biográfico interpretativo.
Detecting Anomalies in Advertising Web Traffic with the Use of the Variational Autoencoder
Authors: Gabryel Marcin , Lada Dawid , Filutowicz Zbigniew , Patora-Wysocka Zofia , Kisiel-Dorohinicki Marek , Chen Guang Yi
Published: October 2022

This paper presents a neural network model for identifying non-human traffic to a web-site, which is significantly different from visits made by regular users. Such visits are undesirable from the point of view of the website owner as they are not human activity, and therefore do not bring any value, and, what is more, most often involve costs incurred in connection with the handling of advertising. They are made most often by dishonest publishers using special software (bots) to generate profits. Bots are also used in scraping, which is automatic scanning and downloading of website content, which actually is not in the interest of website authors. The model proposed in this work is learnt by data extracted directly from the web browser during website visits. This data is acquired by using a specially prepared JavaScript that monitors the behavior of the user or bot. The appearance of a bot on a website generates parameter values that are significantly different from those collected during typical visits made by human website users. It is not possible to learn more about the software controlling the bots and to know all the data generated by them. Therefore, this paper proposes a variational autoencoder (VAE) neural network model with modifications to detect the occurrence of abnormal parameter values that deviate from data obtained from human users’ Internet traffic. The algorithm works on the basis of a popular autoencoder method for detecting anomalies, however, a number of original improvements have been implemented. In the study we used authentic data extracted from several large online stores.
Rotors of Vertical-Axial Wind Turbines Assembled in Bearings and Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Blade with Unclosed Wing Profile
Authors: Panda Anton , Rozhkova Lyudmila , Kuznetsov Eduard , Nahornyi Volodymyr
Published: October 2022

In world practice, traditional blades used in high-speed wind turbines, both horizontal-axial and vertical-axial, have a wing-shaped profile. However, for horizontal-axial wind turbines, blades with such a profile have a fairly narrow range of operating values of the angle of attack of the incoming air flow and a low value of the moment of pulling from place. As for vertical-axial wind turbines, the self-starting of the rotor with wing blades is completely absent and additional devices are needed to start the rotor into operation. In order to ensure the self-starting of the rotor and the operation of the wind turbine at high and low wind speeds, a new shape of the blade profile was developed, called non-closed wing profile. The concept of the development is that the blade should have a configuration in which the pulling force is involved at the beginning of the movement, and then, with the establishing of the movement, a lifting force would arise, which acquires a prevailing character in the operating mode. The article presents the results of experimental studies of the aerodynamic characteristics of the developed non-closed wing blades. One of the results obtained is to determine the effect of the thickness of the blade profile on the range of values of subcritical angles of attack of the incoming air flow and the differences between the nature and range of changes in the coefficients of lifting force and pulling force in a traditional wing blade and a blade with a non-closed wing profile. Studies of the rotor model of a vertical-axial wind turbine with non-closed wing blades have confirmed the presence of its self-starting and operability even at low wind speeds.