bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecological Benefit Evaluation of Low Carbon Enterprises Based on Neural Network
Authors: Yang Hongru , Li Jiajun , He Yun
Published: February 2024

In order to scientifically and reasonably evaluate the ecological efficiency of low-carbon enterprises, this article proposes a neural network-based ecological benefit evaluation strategy for low-carbon enterprises. Firstly, the concept of low-carbon economy is introduced, and the evaluation indicators for low-carbon supply chain performance of steel enterprises are established from three aspects of economy, energy, and environment for filtering, integrated with the connotation of energy conservation and emission reduction to establish an indicator system for low-carbon supply chain performance evaluation of steel enterprises. Then, a BP neural network model is constructed for simulation testing, and neural network is adopted to train and test these sample data to calculate the comprehensive scores of various ecological benefit indicators. Finally, through empirical analysis of the problems in the low-carbon supply chain in the case, it is proved that the proposed solution has good adaptability and self-regulation ability, and it can more accurately reflect the low-carbon efficiency level of the enterprise.
Chatglm-6b-pl: Application of Parallel Reinforcement Models for Large Models in Unbalanced Medical Small Sample Datasets
Authors: Mu Tong
Published: February 2024

Cancer, as one of the widely discussed contemporary topics, has attracted much attention. Its occurrence is closely related to economic development, lifestyle choice and environmental factors. Due to factors such as incidence, routine data set processing cannot be applied to data sets with low incidence. As a hot spot in the field of artificial intelligence, the performance of large-scale models has been greatly improved compared with its predecessors. As a lightweight model in the field of large models, Chatglm-6b not only shows some performance characteristics of large models, but also imposes a low resource demand on training..In the training stage, the lora fine-tuned training method is adopted, and the parallel model and Chatglm-6b share Chatglm-6b own tokenizer for serial training. In the inference phase, the parallel model will be run in parallel with Chatglm-6b, and the tensor generated by the Chatglm-6b model will be weighted fused with the same size generated by the parallel model before generating the output results. The model is intended to solve the problem of bias in the prediction results due to data imbalance during the small-sample disease risk prediction task . The model was validated on the real dataset of postoperative lung cancer complications provided by a hospital in Beijing and the public dataset of breast cancer prediction in kaggle.
A Diagnosis Method for Electrical Equipment Overheating Fault Based on Mean Shift Algorithm
Authors: Xu Qiushi , Pan Jiawei , Ning Jian
Published: February 2024

In order to improve the operational safety of electrical equipment, it is necessary to effectively diagnose its overheating faults. Therefore, a method for diagnosing overheating faults in electrical equipment based on the Mean shift algorithm is proposed. Firstly, an infrared thermal imager is used to collect infrared images of electrical equipment. Secondly, the Mean shift algorithm is used to segment the infrared image of electrical equipment and obtain the overheated area of the electrical equipment. Finally, the relative temperature difference method is used to diagnose overheating faults in electrical equipment. The experimental results show that compared to existing methods for diagnosing overheating faults, this method can accurately diagnose overheating faults in electrical equipment and reduce the missed diagnosis rate.
Fast Location Method of Geological Disaster Area Based on Remote Sensing Image
Authors: Dang Yuning
Published: February 2024

In view of the current poor effect of regional identification and location of geological disasters, a rapid location method of geological disasters based on remote sensing images is proposed. The remote sensing images are used to collect and analyze the characteristic data of single-stage remote sensing disasters, and the threat evaluation index of geological disasters is constructed, so as to accurately identify and locate disasters of different types and severity. Finally, through experiments, it is confirmed that the rapid location method of geological disasters based on remote sensing images has high accuracy, and the time consumption is significantly lower, which fully meets the research requirements.
Clustering Research on Influencing Factors of Local Green Finance and Taxation Based on Factor Analysis Method
Authors: Liu Chunchao , Lin Maonian , Lu Na
Published: February 2024

In order to analyze the influencing factors and regional differences of local green fiscal and tax business development, an evaluation scheme based on factor analysis and clustering is proposed. Based on the tax data of 10 cities in Hainan province, this paper establishes the main index system that affects their tax ecology. Then, factor analysis and k-means algorithm are integrated to empirically analyze the influencing factors of tax revenue in 2019, and the final comprehensive evaluation is acquired through data preprocessing, variance test and main factor extraction. On this basis, SPSS statistics are performed to find out the problems and gaps in the ecological environment of each city. The case analysis results show that the statistical analysis method of tax data in this paper is effective and real-time, which can be used as a basis to put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.
MOOC Teaching Management Scheme Based on Optimized SVM
Authors: Yu Xiaokun
Published: February 2024

In order to analyze the students’ MOOC learning situation and feed back the learning results in a timely manner, this paper uses MOOC data mining in teaching practice to establish a learning and teaching management model to evaluate and predict the students’ learning quality. In this scheme, feature engineering method is applied to mine the characteristics of MOOC learners’ behavior, and an improved global optimal guidance support vector machine(SVM) is proposed. With the learning behavior log of learners in multiple MOOCs as the data source, the improved method is adopted to extract and process the data to acquire the relevant characteristics of learners, which is used to provide effective methods and references for prediction analysis research in MOOC environment. The case analysis results show that it can provide the best technical solution for online learning effect prediction in combination with the relevant needs of MOOC education indicator evaluation.
Drug Bioavailability Prediction Research Based on Neural Network
Authors: Dong LiHui
Published: February 2024

In order to establish a more effective identification model of drug activity, a study on drug bioavailability prediction based on neural network is proposed. This paper summarizes the application of QSAR/QSPR method in environmental effect evaluation and drug design, and determines the QSPR relationship between drug molecular structure and drug bioavailability. Then we calculate the physicochemical and quantitative parameters of drug molecules, and use neural networks to correlate the physicochemical and quantitative parameters of drug molecules with drug bioavailability. The correlation is adopted to predict the bioavailability of the drug. The simulation results show that the improved BP algorithm effectively solves the problems of slow convergence speed and easy to fall into local minima of conventional schemes, which improves the accuracy of drug bioavailability prediction.
Design and Implementation of a Science and Technology Management System Based on Decision Tree Algorithm
Authors: Yang Jian , Han Zehua , Wan Xiang , Kang Junsheng , Li Jingjing
Published: February 2024

Traditional manual management methods can no longer meet the needs of modern social development. This article designs a comprehensive technology management system with intelligent mining function. We have designed the overall architecture of each functional module and system, and provided the basic process of a technology management system based on B/S. On this basis, scientific analysis is conducted on important decision data that affect the operation of science and technology projects. C4.5 algorithm is adopted for preliminary analysis of performance evaluation results and information gain rate is used to improve the complexity. In the case study, a decision tree for optimizing technology management is generated through detailed steps such as collecting data, preprocessing data, calculating information gain rate, determining splitting attributes, and post pruning. In the system functional testing and performance testing results, such scheme has been proven to obtain scientifically reliable and high-precision project management information results. Compared with traditional algorithms, the accuracy has been improved by more than 20% in performance, thus achieving online optimization of the project application management process and greatly improving the efficiency of technology project management.
Paper Cuttings Pattern Feature Extraction Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Chen Jieru , Wang Kunlun , Daud Wan Samiati Andriana W. Mohamad
Published: February 2024

According to the characteristics of exaggeration and deformation of paper cuttings patterns, this paper adopts machine vision to classify and recognize paper cuttings patterns and extract features. Based on the analysis of the characteristics acquired above, the nearest neighbor classifier is used for pattern recognition. Then, the normalized invariant moments are used to train the BP neural network, and a new neural network structure is obtained by combining hollow convolution and feature fusion modules to train the model to learn features. During the process of feature extraction, the improved SIFT algorithm is applied to improve the efficiency of the algorithm through dimensionality reduction, achieving the final feature matching. The experimental test uses a large number of paper cuttings pattern examples, and adopt Libsvm to process actual features. The results show that the improved algorithm can effectively remove noise interference in paper cuttings pattern matching, which greatly improves the accuracy, and the time complexity is better than traditional SIFT algorithm.
Human Exercise Intensity Monitoring Method Based on Smart Bracelet
Authors: Yang Huan
Published: February 2024

The existing human movement intensity monitoring only rely on a single physiological data changes, with general standards to determine whether the intensity is too large, not only the lack of flexibility in monitoring, and monitoring accuracy and real-time poor. In order to monitor exercise intensity more conveniently and accurately and improve the curve existing in the above method, a human exercise intensity monitoring method based on smart wristband was studied. For PPG signal collected by smart bracelet, the artifact removal process is carried out by GAN After extracting PPG and ECG signal characteristics, human body motion posture was identified by combining the motion posture change data collected by the bracelet. According to the heart rate and load intensity range of standard setting is roughly, based on the SVM model to estimate abnormal physiological data of firefly algorithm, realization of human movement monitoring intensity. The experiment was carried out among 100 monitoring objects, and the accuracy rate of monitoring exercise intensity by using smart bracelet was higher than 97%, and the monitoring effect was better by giving feedback to the change of intensity of the monitoring object in real time.
An Accurate Recommendation Method of Online Teaching Video Based on Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Cai Jianhua , Hu Qingchun
Published: February 2024

At present, the selection of teaching video by users is blind. To change this problem, an accurate recommendation method based on KNN collaborative filtering technology is proposed. We study the characteristics of online education resource courses, collaborative filtering algorithm and personalized recommendation technology. Aiming at the defects of traditional collaborative filtering technology, SVM algorithm with KNN algorithm are adopted for filtering and sorting, according to user preferences and needs, o overcome the impact of data quality on recommendation algorithms. Then, the weighted sum of the similarity of the item scoring matrix is also used to calculate the user similarity, and to push the similar teaching resources that users were most interested in. The results of case analysis showed that the collaborative filtering algorithm designed by us can make implicit evaluation on the system to modify the parameters of the system, effectively improve the accuracy of personalized recommendation and adapt to multiple changing user groups.
Painting Style Recognition and Classification Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Multi-Kernel Learning
Authors: Wang Qiang
Published: February 2024

The existing methods of style classification mainly focus on Chinese landscape paintings and Western oil paintings, but their texture and color information are different from those of face paintings. It is impossible to directly use current methods to distinguish the different styles of face paintings. Aiming at the above problems, a classification algorithm of portrait style based on components and features of painting style is proposed. Based on summarizing the traditional image recognition technology, this paper takes VGG-Network as an example to discuss the convolution neural network used in image recognition and the network structure of convolution neural network used to realize image style feature recognition. Then a multi-core learning based image style classification algorithm is put forward, which maps different feature components corresponding to heterogeneous data into different feature spaces using different kernel functions. The experimental results show that the proposed classification method of portrait style has stronger robustness and higher classification accuracy.
Deep learning-based differentiation of peripheral high-flow and low-flow vascular malformations in T2-weighted short tau inversion recovery MRI
Authors: Hammer Simone , Nunes Danilo Weber , Hammer Michael , Zeman Florian , Akers Michael , Götz Andrea , Balla Annika , Doppler Michael Christian , Fellner Claudia , Platz Batista da Silva Natascha , Thurn Sylvia , Verloh Niklas , Stroszczynski Christian , Wohlgemuth Walter Alexander , Palm Christoph , Uller Wibke
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Differentiation of high-flow from low-flow vascular malformations (VMs) is crucial for therapeutic management of this orphan disease. OBJECTIVE: A convolutional neural network (CNN) was evaluated for differentiation of peripheral vascular malformations (VMs) on T2-weighted short tau inversion recovery (STIR) MRI. METHODS: 527 MRIs (386 low-flow and 141 high-flow VMs) were randomly divided into training, validation and test set for this single-center study. 1) Results of the CNN’s diagnostic performance were compared with that of two expert and four junior radiologists. 2) The influence of CNN’s prediction on the radiologists’ performance and diagnostic certainty was evaluated. 3) Junior radiologists’ performance after self-training was compared with that of the CNN. RESULTS: Compared with the expert radiologists the CNN achieved similar accuracy (92% vs. 97%, p = 0.11), sensitivity (80% vs. 93%, p = 0.16) and specificity (97% vs. 100%, p = 0.50). In comparison to the junior radiologists, the CNN had a higher specificity and accuracy (97% vs. 80%, p < 0.001; 92% vs. 77%, p < 0.001). CNN assistance had no significant influence on their diagnostic performance and certainty. After self-training, the junior radiologists’ specificity and accuracy improved and were comparable to that of the CNN. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic performance of the CNN for differentiating high-flow from low-flow VM was comparable to that of expert radiologists. CNN did not significantly improve the simulated daily practice of junior radiologists, self-training was more effective.
Comparisons of administrative record rosters to census self-responses and NRFU household member responses
Authors: Mulry Mary H. , Tello-Trillo Cristina J. , Mule Vincent T. , Keller Andrew
Published: February 2024

One of the U.S. Census Bureau’s innovations in the 2020 U.S. Census was the use of administrative records (AR) to create household rosters for enumerating some addresses when a response was not available but high-quality ARs were. The goal was to reduce the cost of the fieldwork in the Nonresponse Follow-up (NRFU). The original plan had NRFU beginning in mid-May and continuing through late July. However, the pandemic forced the delay of NRFU and caused the Internal Revenue Service to postpone the income tax filing deadline, resulting in an interruption in the delivery of ARs to the U.S. Census Bureau. The delays were not anticipated when U.S. Census Bureau staff conducted the research on AR enumeration with the 2010 Census data in preparation for the 2020 Census or during the fine tuning of plans for using ARs during the 2018 Census Test. These circumstances raised questions about whether the quality of the AR household rosters was high enough for use in enumeration. To aid in investigating the concern about the quality of the AR rosters, this study compares census rosters to AR rosters that meet a quality standard at addresses that have both and the census roster is either a self-response or a NRFU household member response. A key result is that the mode of census response and the amount of time between the response and the April 1st reference date impacts the agreement rate between AR roster size and the census roster size at addresses that have both types of rosters.
Nomograms predict survival in elderly women with triple-negative breast cancer: A SEER population-based study
Authors: Feng Ruigang , Huang Wenwen , Liu Bowen , Li Dan , Zhao Jinlai , Yu Yue , Cao Xuchen , Wang Xin
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: The effective treatment of breast cancer in elderly patients remains a major challenge. OBJECTIVE: To construct a nomogram affecting the overall survival of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and establish a survival risk prediction model. METHODS: A total of 5317 TPBC patients with negative expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) who were diagnosed and received systematic treatment from 2010 to 2015 were collected from the American Cancer Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. They were randomly divided into training set (n= 3721) and validation set (n= 1596). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to identify prognostic features, and a nomogram was established to predict the probability of 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS and BCSS. We used consistency index (C-index), calibration curve, area under the curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate the predictive performance and clinical utility of the nomogram. RESULTS: The C-indices of the nomograms for OS and BCSS in the training cohort were 0.797 and 0.825, respectively, whereas those in the validation cohort were 0.795 and 0.818, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves had higher sensitivity at all specificity values as compared with the Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) system. The calibration plot revealed a satisfactory relationship between survival rates and predicted outcomes in both the training and validation cohorts. DCA demonstrated that the nomogram had clinical utility when compared with the TNM staging system. CONCLUSION: This study provides information on population-based clinical characteristics and prognostic factors for patients with triple-negative breast cancer, and constructs a reliable and accurate prognostic nomogram.
Development and validation of a clinical prediction model for glioma grade using machine learning
Authors: Wu Mingzhen , Luan Jixin , Zhang Di , Fan Hua , Qiao Lishan , Zhang Chuanchen
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Histopathological evaluation is currently the gold standard for grading gliomas; however, this technique is invasive. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a diagnostic prediction model for glioma by employing multiple machine learning algorithms to identify risk factors associated with high-grade glioma, facilitating the prediction of glioma grading. METHODS: Data from 1114 eligible glioma patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, which was divided into a training set (n= 781) and a test set (n= 333). Fifty machine learning algorithms were employed, and the optimal algorithm was selected to construct a prediction model. The performance of the machine learning prediction model was compared to the clinical prediction model in terms of discrimination, calibration, and clinical validity to assess the performance of the prediction model. RESULTS: The area under the curve (AUC) values of the machine learning prediction models (training set: 0.870 vs. 0.740, test set: 0.863 vs. 0.718) were significantly improved from the clinical prediction models. Furthermore, significant improvement in discrimination was observed for the Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI) (training set: 0.230, test set: 0.270) and Net Reclassification Index (NRI) (training set: 0.170, test set: 0.170) from the clinical prognostic model. Both models showed a high goodness of fit and an increased net benefit. CONCLUSION: A strong prediction accuracy model can be developed using machine learning algorithms to screen for high-grade glioma risk predictors, which can serve as a non-invasive prediction tool for preoperative diagnostic grading of glioma.
Effect of biopreparations on growth parameters of Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf
Authors: Suhareva Lyubov' Vladimirovna
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The purpose of the study was to study the effectiveness of microbiological preparations on the growth characteristics of Sudan sorghum under the conditions of the Vologda region on the background with and without fertilizers. Methodology and methods. Research work was first carried out in the Vologda region in the experimental field of FSBSI “Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” in 2022. Biopreparations based on living cells of microorganisms were used, the basis of the drug “Naturost-Aktiv” consists of cell culture Lactobacillus buchneri, “Naturost-M” – Bacillus megaterium. The object of the study was Sudanese sorghum variety Zemlyachka. Small-scale field experiment included the following variants: control (1 var.), control + fertilizer (2 var.), biopreparation (3 var.), biopreparation 1 + fertilizer (4 var.), biopreparation 2 + fertilizer (5 var.). Repetition of the experiment – 3 times, the area of recording plot 5 m2. Indicators are presented by 4 counts per season. Results. The total bushiness in the variant with the “Naturost-Aktiv” increases by 35.3 %, an increase of 29.4 % to the control is noted in the variant “Naturost-Aktiv” + fertilizer. Productive bushiness was fixed in each variant, the maximum increase to the control was 45.5 % in the variant control + fertilizer. The greatest gain to the control of 42.5 % in the average area of the leaf surface was determined in the variant with the use of the drug “Naturost-M” and fertilization. Scientific novelty. For the first time a study on Sudan sorghum variety Zemlyachka in the conditions of the Vologda region using the biopreparation “Naturost-Aktiv” based on the cell culture Lactobacillus buchneri and “Naturost-M” – Bacillus megaterium on the background with and without fertilizers, which then can be recommended to increase the adaptation of plants and increase productivity, in turn Sudan sorghum can be recommended as a basic or auxiliary element of crop rotation.
Effect of irrigation on fertilizer nitrogen requirement, economic returns, and water availability in a corn-soybean rotation
Authors:   , Al Ubori Rafid
Published: February 2024

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] In regions of the US and the world where precipitation does not consistently meet crop water needs, there is extensive research documenting the value of irrigation to increased and/or stabilized yields. Delaying nitrogen (N) applications into the growing season supports more accurate N recommendations and reduces potential for N loss; but delayed applications can pose risks including lower yield. The objectives of this study were to: 1) Evaluate effect of irrigation strategy on yield potential and economic returns in a corn-soybean rotation on a claypan soil; 2) Evaluate an ET checkbook method for assessing water status of corn and soybeans under two irrigation methods; 3) Understand how delayed N applications affected the economically optimum N rate (EONR) and the yield potential of corn, as affected by irrigation; and 4) Evaluate the effect of irrigation strategy on resilience of maximum corn yield to timing of nitrogen application. Two irrigation experiments were conducted at University of Missouri Greenley Research Center near Novelty, MO from 2015 to 2018. In each experiment, three irrigation treatments: sprinkler irrigation, subsurface drip irrigation, and no-irrigation control were set up in a randomized block design with three replications. One set of plots was planted to corn and other to soybean. Both were managed as a corn-soybean rotation resulting in both phases of the rotation present in each year. Optimum fertilizer N rate was determined at V-6 and V-10 by applying six N rates (0, 61, 135, 202, 270, and 337 kg N ha-1) as a split-plot treatment within irrigation plots. Additionally, we tested yield effects of 270 kg N ha-1 applied preplant, V-6, V-10, VT and R3, comparing the N applied as a split application (40 percent preplant as anhydrous ammonia) or all at the designated time. All N except the preplant split treatment was surface applied as ammonium nitrate. Using sensors to schedule irrigation likely would have resulted in better estimate water deficit than the ET checkbook method in corn-soybean rotation on a claypan soil. Sprinkler irrigation attained higher yields with less N than drip irrigation. There was no economic benefit to irrigation in the three-year study due to limited or no response to irrigation in 2016 and 2017 and yield loss in corn due to under-irrigation using the checkbook method in 2018. There was no effect of application timing on EONR in any of the irrigation treatments. Delaying N application past V-10 required split-applications to avoid yield loss. This research documented substantial flexibility in timing of N applications and that higher changes in yield potential largely explained higher N requirements in irrigated corn.
Penyuluhan Pemanfaatan TOGA dan Cara Memilih Obat Tradisional yang Baik dan Benar
Authors: Intiyani Rafila , Fitriyati Laeli , Fitri Dwiki , Alifah Dika
Published: February 2024

Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki begitu banyak tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat. Tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA) dapat dijadikan sebagai obat yang aman, tidak mengandung bahan kimia yang berbahaya, harganya murah, serta mudah didapatkan masyarakat. TOGA sering digunakan masyarakat selain untuk mencegah atau menyembuhkan penyakit juga banyak digunakan untuk meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh, mengembalikan kesegaran tubuh yang berdampak pada peningkatan kesehatan masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini adalah Pendidikan Masyarakat dan Pelatihan. Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini terdiri dari 2 macam kegiatan yaitu Penyuluhan Pemanfaatan TOGA Dan Cara Memilih Obat Tradisional Yang Baik Dan Benar. Kegiatan PkM dilakukan di Balai Desa Giyanti, Rowokele, Kebumen. Rata-rata hasil dari pretest sebelum dilakukan sosialisasi mengenai pemanfaatan TOGA yaitu 56,7 sedangkan nilai postest setelah dilakukan sosialisasi yaitu sehingga 93,33. Rata-rata hasil dari pretest sebelum dilakukan sosialisasi mengenai cara memilih obat tradisional yang aman adalah 58,4 sedangkan nilai postest setelah dilakukan sosialisasi yaitu 89,6. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang besar terhadap pemberian sosialisasi mengenai pemanfaatan TOGA dan sosialisasi mengenai cara memilih obat tradisional yang aman diharapkan masyarakat dapat memanfaatkan TOGA yang ada dilingkungan desa Giyanti.
Mystical motives in Kazakh stories
Authors:   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Askarova А.Sh. , Kulmanov K.S. ,   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of mystical motives in Kazakh stories. The author, on the basis of comparative historical, hermeneutic, historical and functional principles, explored the features of the use of mystical motifs in small genres of modern Kazakh prose - in stories. The study is based on world and domestic literary samples, their origins, evolution and modern transformation are consistently shown. The bases of irrational knowledge - the systems of mythical, esoteric, religious exploration of the world - are analyzed, the mystical motives related to them are investigated. As a distinctive feature of Kazakh mystical motifs, it was suggested that its origins lie in the rites of Tengrian knowledge and MuslimSufi traditions. Mystical motifs in the stories of Kazakh writers of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century were studied, their typology, features, methods were determined. In addition, the article reveals the general nature and essence of mysticism through the description of mystical lines in Kazakh and foreign works. Considering the connection of mysticism with literature, its artistic activity was determined on the basis of Kazakh stories. The activity of the mystical method was revealed in the stories of Oralkhan Bokey, Mukhtar Magauin, Nurgali Oraz, Koishybek Mubarak, which describe the Kazakh society, human psychology, human destiny. Based on a comparison with foreign works, a peculiar conclusion was made about the similarity of the general idea and the transition of mystical plots.
Eastern traditions in fables of storytellers of the land of Syr (Turmagambet, Zhusip, Omar)
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Zhanbershiyeva U. , Oralova G. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Tulebayeva А. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kamisheva G.A. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the issue of reflecting oriental traditions in the fables of such storytellers of the land of Syr as Turmagambet Iztleuov, Shorayaktyn Omary, Kete Zhusip, Kanly Zhusip Kadirbergenuly, Bazar Zhyrau and others. A scientific analysis of these traditions in the works of poetsstorytellers Syr is given: similar plots are revealed, repetition of motives, continuity; the cognitive function of the expressive means of speech used in fables to attract the attention of readers is analyzed. On the example of fables created on the basis of oriental plots, conclusions are drawn about the ways of thinking of storytellers, arguments are given. The article reveals the meaning of Eastern traditions in the work of storytellers of the land of Syr. An assessment is made of the educational significance of the fables of Turmagambet, Zhusip and Omar. Using the example of the fables-verses of these three poets, it is possible to identify the artistic features of the literary heritage of the storytellers of the land of Syr. Analyzing the oriental nature of the fables and poems, we come to the conclusion that the work of the poets and storytellers of Syr is an integral part of the national literature. Based on the fundamental research of Kazakh scientists, an attempt is made to comprehensively reveal oriental motives; world and national cultural and literary connections and the significance of the Eastern tradition are revealed. The contribution of Syr’s storytellers to the development of this method is considered, a scientific description of their poetic worldview is given. From a cognitive point of view, the oriental model and instructive thoughts reflected in fables are analyzed. The article reveals the features of the Eastern tradition in the fables of the poets-narrators of the land of Syr, and proves their national value.
Principle Ideas of Visible Thinking in Teaching English in Kazakhstan
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Baigunissova G. , Beisembayeva Zh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Abaidulla M. ,   L.N. Gumiliyov Eurasian National University
Published: February 2024

Visible thinking is a consistent, flexible and methodical approach to the organization of the educational process, allowing teachers to integrate the development of students’ thinking with the study of the materials. Currently, most foreign language teachers are unable to make full effective use of visual learning tools. For this reason, they often serve as decorations, rather than a tool for developing students’ language and thinking skills. As a result, this article examines key issues of using visual materials based on the principles of visible thinking in teaching English, proposed by experienced teachers from various backgrounds. Hence, a sociological survey was conducted among teachers in Kazakhstan, as well as interviews with teachers from Turkey and Kazakhstan. The survey offered questions that allowed delving into practical ideas and recommendations on the use of visible thinking in teaching English. The main results showed that images are the most effective material among other visual means in teaching English. Moreover, the article contains recommendations on how to integrate this approach in the English classroom under the principles of visible thinking
Identifying and Fostering Gifted University Students Across English Language Skills
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Zhussupova R. , Amrenova A. , Nur Shamsudin Abikar
Published: February 2024

Being a gifted and talented learner may mean having academic and creative skills that are above the norm in the classroom. This small-scale study that lasted 12 weeks explored how English language skills (reading, writing, speaking, and listening) in tandem were improved among Kazakhstani Pre-service English teachers. Gardner’s (1983) Multiple Intelligence and Vygotsky’s (1978) Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) were used as theoretical frameworks. A total of 20 (12 females and 8 males) respondents participated in the study. In addition to the pre-course, mid-term, and post-course English language assessments, each week’s assessment and survey data were collected. The language assessments showed improvement in participants’ language skills; whilst survey data indicated two prevalent themes: the importance of the intervention for professional development and the importance of scaffolding. Limitations of the study included the lack of standardized measurement tools for language assessment. The study recommends further research that involves a larger sample with equal gender representation to enable the generalization of the outcome.
Description of the system of tasks for gradual learning the Kazakh language
Authors:   M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Koshanova Zh. , Akhmetova T. ,   M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the system of tasks aimed at the level mastery of the Kazakh language on the basis of the Model curriculum of the general education cycle for higher and postgraduate educational institutions, for students studying in non-linguistic specialties. The article also reflects the requirements for reproductive, variative, research, creative tasks in teaching the Kazakh language and their detailed description is given. Tasks are selected in accordance with the types of speech activity (speaking, listening, reading, writing, communication). The main purpose of the article is to analyze the work of scientists from a scientific and theoretical point of view, to identify and systematize the types of tasks, based on the content of each activity, to study and demonstrate skills aimed at effectively teaching the Kazakh language: working with a dictionary, building diagrams, drawing up abstracts on a specific topic , compiling comparative charts and graphs, working with literature, holding discussions, holding debates (reflections, discussions), holding a round table, etc. In addition, the results of the development and use of the task system developed in the process of teaching the Kazakh language are investigated, thereby revealing the scientific and methodological significance of the article. A thoughtfully designed system of tasks creates an opportunity to form the linguistic competencies of students, to fully master all types of speech activity (speaking, listening, reading, writing, communication) in the process of learning the Kazakh language.
Toponymic atlas of Kazakhstan with tooltips (preliminary compilation work)
Authors:   Astana IT University, Zhussupov А. , Moldakhmetova Z. ,   Astana IT University
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the toponymic map of Kazakhstan, which demonstrates the distribution of the main types of geographical names of substrate origin on the territory of modern Kazakhstan. The maps will contain toponyms of different categories and language groups, which give an idea of the toponymic landscape of Kazakhstan. Toponymy is inherently linguistic and includes historical, geographical, ethnographic, cultural, sociological and literary components that help identify the distinctive features of objects and traditions, which takes this direction beyond the scope of linguistics itself and makes it an autonomous discipline that uses predominantly linguistic methods. Methods closely related to the complex of humanities and earth and universe sciences. The importance of the science of place names is invaluable when studying a country. The atlases will reflect hydronyms, oikonyms, oronyms, urbanonyms, hodonyms, gorononyms, droonyms, macrotoponyms, cosmonyms, phytotoponyms, microtoponyms, anthropotoponyms and microtoponyms of various types and their areas. The maps will be compiled by IT specialists, taking into account modern requirements. It should be noted that this atlas will be periodically updated, depending on the priority areas of certain areas. In addition to old and new names, the atlas will be filled with information about the time of renaming. The electronic version of the atlas will be made in MapInfo Professional, version 9.0. The work will be of interest to specialists in linguistic geography, onomastics, archeology, and ethnography.
The problem of transcription of the text in Khosrow and Shirin
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics named after A. Baitursynuly, Mamyrbek G.
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the problems of translating the text of the written heritage, marked with Arabic script, into Cyrillic, and also talks about the principles of transcription and transliteration. The author of the article analyzed the fact that during the Soviet period, when translating the written heritage preserved in the Arabic script into Cyrillic, a tradition of transcription was formed, close to the Uzbek or Tatar languages, and that this process continued after gaining independence, and suggested the need for transcription of the written heritage closer to the Kazakh language, and pointed out the main reasons for this. The article analyzes the positions of domestic and foreign scientists in the transcription of Arabic scriptures using examples. In particular, Turkologists E. Nadjip, V.Radlov, E. Sevortyan, V. Nadelyaev, D. Nasilov, E. Tenishev, A. Shcherbak, as well as Turkish scientists N. Hadjieminoglu and B. Dag analyze the positions and main features of the transcription of Arabic written in Cyrillic and Latin. The fact that Turkish scientists used symbols that are not in the Turkish alphabet when transcribing Khosrow and Shirin monument and the main reasons for this are shown in the article using specific examples. The article also highlights the similarities and differences between practical transcription and transliteration and analyzes the functions of both. Focusing on the history of the study of the concepts of transcription and transliteration in linguistics, comparative studies of the conclusions of scientists were carried out. The similarities and differences between the two concepts are analyzed.
Multidimensionality approaches to the study of political discourse
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nugumanova A. , Zhunussova Zh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of political discourse as a complex phenomenon through the prism of scientific views of foreign and Kazakh researchers. The need to study this issue is conditioned by the continuous development and transformation of the political system. The article identifies and comprehends the distinctive features of discourse as a term that has gone far beyond the boundaries of linguistic science, and also identifies several directions revealing its conceptual intersections with other linguistic categories. Special attention in the article is paid to the analysis of political discourse in its broad and narrow sense and the identification of its main features and functions, including the possible transformation of discursive events in the process of communicative interaction. The aspects of different interpretation and comparison of the concept of political discourse by Russian, Kazakhstani and foreign scientists are also considered. Distinctive features of modern political discourse are identified and analyzed, existing and interchangeable synonyms of this concept are noted. The conducted research allows us to consider this type of discourse as a phenomenon that plays an important role in the formation of public opinion, determination of political priorities and retention of power, as an important area for understanding linguocultural peculiarities.
Turkic genesis of “seahorses” according to Serikbol Kondybai (based on sacred texts of Mangistau)
Authors:   Sh. Esenov Caspian University of Technology and Engineering, Nurdauletova B. , Amankosov O. ,   Sh. Esenov Caspian University of Technology and Engineering
Published: February 2024

In Mangystau sacred texts (petroglyphs, epitaphs, inscriptions), the image of a horse occupies a special place. There is a mythological concept of the «sea horse» in the folklore of the peoples living near the Caspian Sea. «Water stallion» coming out of the water is used as a symbol of speed in the language of giraffes. The article examines the researches of the Kazakh local historian, geographer, ethnographer, mythologist Serikbol Kondybai regarding the «sea horse» in Turkish mythology. Serikbol Kondybai says that the root of the word «ertteu» in the Kazakh language is connected with the person «ert» and its original meaning is «order». He said that to saddle a horse is to tame a horse, thereby moving from chaos to space. In this article, Serikbol’s opinion was supplemented with ethnographic, archeological, folklore research data and analyzed. Scientific information was given on the Turkish genesis of the horse cult, which complements S. Kondybai’s historical-linguistic, cognitive-folkloric research. As a result of the study, the final opinion was proposed that «the domestication of the horse is the beginning of human civilization.» As documentary material for the article, materials of a field expedition organized in 2020-2022 as part of the scientific project «AP08856996 Conceptual space of sacred texts of Mangystau (zhyrau texts, epitaph inscriptions, petroglyphs)» were used.
Problems of modern publishing: design, font and layout
Authors:   Аl-Farabi Kazakh National University, Bolatova Zh. , Sarsenbayeva A. ,   Аl-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kulkenov D.M. , Slamgazhy A. ,   Аl-Farabi Kazakh National University,   Astana IT University
Published: February 2024

The rapid development of Information Technology and computer technology has led to a huge change in the publishing industry. Today’s publishing industry has moved from a former mold machine to a modern automated system. In the last 10-15 years, domestic publishing houses have begun to use new computer technologies and search for them. The very fact that printed graphics began to be included in educational processes as part of computer technology means that society paid special attention to science and education, and from it the art of writing.In response to various historical and social changes, printed graphics have taken over the circle, adapting to various writing options and relying on the phonemic principle, from letter spelling to expression. The book’s decoration is determined by its internal content. However, because the first book’s cover catches the eye, the design of the book cannot be as important as the internal content. Despite extensive research in the field of domestic design, there are almost no works related to book design and font. This fact adds to the study’s importance. For a deeper disclosure of the topic, a qualitative research method was used. A qualitative comparative analysis of their products was carried out, taking as the object of study three printed works actively operating in the publishing market. As a result of this study, the main elements of book design were created ‒ by use of drawing and colors, and their dependence on the style of the shape properties of the main graphic elements. Using computer graphic methods, new examples of the use of drawing and colors in book design were demonstrated. In book design, there was a need not only to have professional skills and knowledge of the publishing industry, but also to master the psychology of color and design by a specialist.
Trends in the development of socio-cultural aspects of TV programs
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kobeisin K.В. , Uzbekova G.S. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: February 2024

Kazakhstan has recently seen significant trends and transformations in the socio-cultural aspects of television programs. One of the main trends is the increase in the amount of Kazakh-language content on television. In Kazakhstan, in recent years, much attention has been paid to the development of national culture, language, and history, and this is reflected in television. However, despite this, there is still a lot of foreign content on television, especially in the entertainment sector.Another trend is the increase in the number of TV channels. Currently, there are more than 200 TV channels in Kazakhstan, which provides a wide choice for viewers. There have also been changes in the socio-cultural perception of the content of television programs. Today, viewers are more critical of propaganda materials and content that promotes violence or extremism. Finally, one of the most obvious sociocultural trends today is the development of Internet television. In general, Internet television is becoming more popular, and this leads to significant changes in traditional television, including at the level of sociocultural aspects. ВЕСТНИК Евразийского национального университета имени Л.Н.Гумилева. Серия ЖурналистикаBULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Journalism Series139139No 3(144)/2023In general, it can be said that the trends and transformations of the socio-cultural aspects of TV programs in Kazakhstan show the direction of the development of television in the country in the future, and how the role of television in shaping the worldview of viewers can change.