bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discussing antioxidant therapy in patients with cad: influence of mexiprim on myocardial ischaemia and cardiac arrhythmias
Authors: М. М. Долженко  , О. В. Шершньова  , I. О. Филимонова  , О. О. Нудченко  , К. С. Фарадж  , Я. С. Дьяченко  , Л. І. Яковенко  , І. М. Сорока  , С. З. Лурье
Published: December 2020

The objective: evaluation of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (Mexiprim, Stada) efficacy in post-MI patients with CAD, angina pectoris, arterial hypertension anf cardiac arrhythmias at gospital and out-patient stages.
Irritable bowel syndrome with constipation: pathogenetic correction of natural enterosorbents
Authors: Т. Д. Звягінцева  , А. І. Чернобай
Published: December 2020

The article presents current data on irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. Described risk factors, pathogenesis a detailed explanation the role of gut microbiota, dysbiosis and nutrition in the development of mechanisms of the disease. The basic principles of treatment with the use of native enterosorbent1prebiotic Bionorm.
Experience of clinical application of aerosol formulations of herbal drugs in the treatment of acute inflammation of the oropharynx childhood
Authors: Л. В. Квашніна  , В. П. Родіонов
Published: December 2020

The objective: to increase the effectiveness of treatment of inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx (exacerbations of chronic faringotonzillita) in children by topical drugs Laryngo-spray and Throat-spray.
COMPARATIVE AND COMPETITIVES ADVANTAGES: PERSPECTIVE OF RURAL TOURISM (STUDY ON TOURISM IN THE PROVINCE OF BALI INDONESIA)
Authors:   Udayana University, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Bali, Indonesia, WARDANA I Made , SUKAATMADJA I Putu Gde ,   Udayana University, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Bali, Indonesia, YASA Ni Nyoman Kerti ,   Udayana University, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Bali, Indonesia, SETINI Made ,   Udayana University, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Bali, Indonesia
Published: December 2020

Rural tourism is an interpretation of the development of culture-based and environmentally sustainable tourism and involves various stakeholders including local communities. Data were analyzed using the SEM-PLS, sample Research respondents numbered 192 including farmers, tourism industry players, village leaders, NGOs, academics and the government. The findings of this study are that community involvement in sustainable rural tourism has a positive and significant impact on efforts to build a comparative advantage of village tourism. Meanwhile, community involvement does not have a significant effect on efforts to build competitive advantage. Government involvement in sustainable rural tourism has no significant effect on efforts to build a comparative advantage of village tourism. Meanwhile, government involvement has a positive and significant effect on efforts to build a competitive advantage in rural tourism. The involvement of the private sector and non-governmental organizations has a positive and significant effect on sustainable rural tourism and the competitive advantage of rural tourism. Meanwhile, the involvement of the private sector and non-governmental organizations has no significant effect on the comparative advantage of rural tourism. The role of the Government involvement, the private sector must be linked with the non-governmental organizations self-help so that it has a positive impact towards the development of sustainable rural tourism.
Theoretical and applied issues of selection and training of operators of human-machine complexes in domestic ergonomics
Authors: Rytov Mikhail , Spasennikov Valeriy
Published: December 2020

The main criteria, stages and directions of professional selection of operators of the "man-machine-environment" systems are revealed. Mathematical models of professional aptitude assessment based on the use of a sequential probability ratio and the theory of pattern recognition are presented. Given the approach to assessment of efficiency of professional selection, taking into account the accuracy, reliability and validity of the forecast of professional suitability of operators and the possibility of assessing the professional suitability of operators and the quality of the workplace for temporary tochnostyu and probabilistic indicators. Modern training technologies used in military and civil man-machine complexes are considered.
The Features of Legal Regulation of Big Data in the Context of the Development of the Digital Earth
Authors: De Apro Sona
Published: December 2020

When creating a Digital Earth, huge amounts of data are generated through remote sensing and various sensors to observe our planet. Big Data has become of particular value in the context of the development of the Digital Earth. At the same time, every day there is more and more information, which creates serious problems for their collection, storage, processing, ensuring their security and legal regulation. The advent of cloud technologies has made it possible to provide computing support for collecting, storing and processing Big Data, while the heterogeneity of the amount of data collected is growing and it becomes difficult to determine their legal regime, jurisdiction and protection in general. The report analyzes the sources of Big Data used for the development of the Digital Earth, the peculiarities of their collection, storage and processing through cloud technologies, analyzes the prospects and risks of the development of the digital Earth in terms of the security of Big Data and their legal regulation.
MOVING OUT OF POVERTY MODEL THROUGH COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT (Study of littoral communities in Makassar)
Authors: Dahliah Dahliah , Serang Serlin , As’ad Ajmal
Published: December 2020

The aims of this study; 1) to analyze the poverty levels of littoral communities in Makassar. 2) To reinforce the economic sector based on littoral potency by Moving Out of Poverty (MOP) model along with government programs. 3) To utilize the potential and empowerment of littoral communities. Seemingly, poverty as deficient conditions by individuals or communities. Conceptually, this study was conducted by a quantitative paradigm with a case study approach. The data obtained from observations, depth interviews, and questionnaires. The studies showed that: there was a significant effect in strengthening the quality of the human resources to empowerment. Subsequently, no significant effect between economic institutions to empowerment, There was a significant effect between fishing gear or production equipment to empowerment, There was not a significant effect in improving the quality of the human resources to Moving Out of Poverty (MOP) by empowerment, There was no effect between economic institutions and Moving Out of Poverty (MOP) by empowerment, There was no effect of fishing gear to Moving Out of Poverty (MOP) significantly, There was no significant effect between education to Moving Out of Poverty (MOP).
THE EFFECT OF FINGERPRINTS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF OFFICERS (Study of SME and Industrial Cooperatives in Bantul)
Authors: Jumiati Jumiati , Pribadi Ulung , Rusli Muhammad
Published: December 2020

The fingerprint is digital access used on a person's fingerprint (thumb) in filling in the presence of a bio. The purpose of this study is to be able to know how far functional fingerprints are to the discipline of the employees in the Cooperative Office of SMEs Bantul Regency. Fingerprint itself is present to make it easier for humans to fill in attendance bio to streamline employees' time in office activities. Employees of SME cooperatives Bantul Regency is very helped by the fingerprint itself as one of the means that facilitates employees in continuing the activity of Their data used in this study is secondary data and literature study surveys by taking from several sources such as websites to obtain relevant results.
EGYPTIAN POLICY BASED ON INSIGHTS OF HISTORY OF MUSLIM MOVEMENT AND SALAFI MOVEMENT
Authors: Ramadhan Jelang
Published: December 2020

The aftermath of the Arab Spring was leaving a great turnover for many countries as the regime changed, so does Egypt. As one of the most influential countries both in the Middle East and North Africa, Egypt's domestic politics is quite dynamics since immemorial time, from numerous kingdoms, West colonialism until republic under the authoritarian regime in this modern days. For once, the dynamics of politics itself comes from the grass-root level whichever reached the top such as al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun or Muslim Brotherhood and Salafi Movements which caught people’s attention, not only in Egypt but the entire world. Both basically have religious intentions as it is considered Islamic movements except for their differences in political experience, religious interpretation and manners overpower contestation. Although Egypt currently is controlled by a military coup regime that tends to perpetuate the power, the Brotherhood and Salafi Movements which likewise spread to many countries still lurking and it might be consolidating the power to turn back the democracy to Egyptian who suffer from authoritarian style regime ever since the establishment of the nation after independence from British colonialism. This paper is aimed to describe the policy of the Islamic movement in Egypt which is based on religious intention and the interaction with politics and democratic goal from the nature of establishment,  during the Arab Spring and the prospect for Muslim Brotherhood and Salafi Movements as the unrest recently occured.
Does managerial ability enhance earnings quality? The moderating role of corporate governance quality and ownership concentration
Authors: Romadhon Fitri , Kusuma Indra Wijaya
Published: December 2020

Earnings quality is information that can be determined by various factors, one of which is managerial ability. Thus, management quality itself can have a positive or negative impact on earnings quality, depending on the factors that affect their relationships. This study was conducted to reexamine the effect of managerial ability on earnings quality by including corporate governance quality and ownership concentration as factors that are expected to be able to explain the inconsistencies in the results of previous studies. This study used the data of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2016 as study sample with total observations were 253. The analysis technique used for hypothesis testing was a multiple linear regression analysis. This study succeeds in proving the moderation role of governance quality in strengthening the relationship between managerial ability and earnings quality. However, the role of ownership concentration as moderator factors failed to prove in this study. Interestingly, there is a negative effect between managerial ability and earnings quality. The opportunistic actions taken by managers who want to meet their performance targets was considered as the reason of the negative effect between managerial ability and earnings quality.
Knowledge sharing activities among public sector employees: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Supriatna Metha Djuwita
Published: December 2020

Knowledge sharing has an important role in the management of any organization. It can lead to increased knowledge creation, collaboration level, and level of innovation, which, in turn, increases organizational performances. However, few studies have empirically examined the effect of knowledge sharing activities on an individual's belief in a public sector organizational setting, especially in Indonesia. This study was conducted to analyze the role of knowledge sharing in affecting the activities of creative self-efficacy within public organizations. This study used purposive sampling which designed to focus on employees who have positioned as a researcher in one of Directorate of Ministry of Public Works and Housing of the Republic of Indonesia. The questionnaire used in this study was adapted from Brockhus and Yu instruments. The result of this study shows that there is a positive and significant effect of knowledge sharing activities on creative self-efficacy. The higher the level of knowledge sharing activities within the organization, the more it will encourage creative self-efficacy. The majority of the respondent in this study that classified as Y generation (Millenials) was the main reason of the differences between the conclusion of this study and previous ones who argues that knowledge sharing initiatives are more difficult to be implemented in public sector organization as many of public sector officers believe that the activities of knowledge sharing meant losing power and an extra work surface.
How social media marketing influences consumers purchase decision? A mediation analysis of brand awareness
Authors: Ardiansyah Fajar , Sarwoko Endi
Published: December 2020

The important usage of social media as highly interactive platforms of communications is bound to change the way companies approach marketing. Many previous studies conclude that social media has proven to be a key factor in creating brand awareness. Thus, a higher level of awareness will affect consumers' decisions positively. However, few studies focus on the role of brand awareness as a mediation construct in affecting purchase decisions. Therefore, this study aims to explore the mediation role of brand awareness on the relationship between social media marketing and purchase decisions. The study conducted is quantitative research based on a survey approach. Purposive sampling and ordinary least square regression were used as sampling techniques and data analysis. The study revealed that social media marketing has a positive and significant influence on both brand awareness and purchase decisions. Unfortunately, this study failed to prove the direct and indirect effect of brand awareness on purchase decisions. The nature of wetsuit (sportswear) that can be categorized as a high involvement product was considered as the main reason for the insignificancy effect of brand awareness on purchase decision and the mediation role of brand awareness. In the case of high involvement products, consumers tend to be rational so that they were required more time and effort to evaluate specific product performances and characteristics.
Searching for new theorems in M: a pure mathematical programming language
Authors: Lobo Matheus Pereira
Published: December 2020

We present a project to be deployed in Python to serve as a powerful auxiliar tool for theorem proving. In the future, it can be turned into a programming language in its own right.
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 1B catalytic gamma subunit, PAFAH1B3, is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2020

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 1B catalytic gamma subunit, encoded by PAFAH1B3, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. PAFAH1B3 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of PAFAH1B3 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of PAFAH1B3 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
PENILAIAN BERBASIS ANDROID MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI PLICKERS
Authors: Asrifan Andi
Published: December 2020

Plickers adalah sebuah website yang digunakan untuk melakukan penilaian formatif yang menerapkan tes pilihan ganda ataupun tes benar-salah. Penggunaan website ini dipadukan dengan penggunaan aplikasi smartphone berbasis android ataupun ios dengan cara kerja menggunakan kartu yang telah disiapkan oleh plickers sehingga memudahkan siswa untuk menjawab soal yang diberikan oleh guru dengan hanya mengangkat kartu plickers. Guru menggunakan aplikasi Plickers pada android atau pun ios sehingga bisa melakukan scanning untuk mengoreksi jawaban siswa, sedang siswa cukup menggangkat kartu plickers untuk menjawab soal yang diberikan guru.
Ukuran Gejala Data Belum Dikelompokan (Studi Kasus : Jumlah Warga Yang Meninggal Akibat Terjangkit Virus Covid-19 di Kota Depok Per-oktober 2020)
Authors: Azis Adellina Sylvira , Farabbi M.Alfarisi , Tatarang Dian Kristianto , firmansyach Aziiz
Published: December 2020

The statistic is a method developed for analyzing, analyzing, and compiling sample data to get the right data. Also, observation is needed to get accurate and concrete data. Various kinds of methods can be used to obtain the data, one of which is the Symptom Symptoms Data Center is the symptom data which is divided into two, namely the symptom center symptom data grouped and the data center symptom grouped. This journal will explain in detail the size of Symptoms in unclassified data centers Symptom Measurement of Unclassified Data Centers or also Symptom Size Single grouped data centers are data that are not arranged in a frequency distribution, so there are no category intervals and category midpoints. Symptom measurement data centers have not been grouped namely the calculated average (mean), measuring / geometric mean, harmonic average, tertiary average, median, mode, and fractile (quartile, decile, percentile). Measurement can use Microsoft Excel and SPSS applications
The Importance of Environmental Materials in Indonesian Language Learning in The School Environment
Authors: izzah Rahmil
Published: December 2020

This essay was created to find out the Importance of Environmental Materials in Indonesian Language Learning in the School Environment because environmental materials in Indonesian language learning become one of the important topics that need to be discussed because basically the environment becomes a topic that mostly meets indonesian language learning textbooks. In Indonesian language learning, the environmental material that is usually discussed is about the surrounding environment in the community. In the research I did on Indonesian language learning is also what makes environmental materials as a theme or topic that needs to be examined, analyzed and must be understood by students or students in school.
CXorf40B is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2020

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that chromosome X open reading frame 40B, encoded by CXorf40B, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. CXorf40B mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of CXorf40B in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival. Modulation of CXorf40B expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Preverbal syntactic complexity leads to local coherence effects in Hindi
Authors: Bhatia Sakshi , Husain Samar
Published: December 2020

The effective use of preverbal linguistic cues to make successful clause-final verbal prediction as well as robust prediction maintenance has been argued to be a cross-linguistic generalization for SOV languages such as German and Japanese. In this paper, we show that native speakers of Hindi (an SOV language) falter in maintaining clause-final verbal predictions in the presence of a center-embedded relative clause with a non-canonical word order. The fallibility of the parser is illustrated by the formation of a grammatically illicit locally coherent parse as well as by poor comprehension accuracy. Our investigations suggest that while plausibility is essential, presence of overt agreement features might not be necessary for forming a locally coherent parse in Hindi. The work highlights how top-down processing and bottom-up information interact during sentence comprehension in SOV languages – comprehension suffers with increased complexity of the preverbal linguistic environment.
PENYULUHAN MODEL PENDAMPINGAN KADER TERHADAP PERUBAHAN STATUS GIZI BADUTA KEP (BAYI DUA TAHUN)
Authors: ALAM SYAMSUL
Published: December 2020

Masalah gizi kurang dan gizi buruk pada anak balita masih menjadi masalah gizi utama yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian lebih serius.5 Prevalensi gizi kurang dan gizi buruk pada anak balita di Indonesia masih tinggi. Hasil analisis riset kesehatan dasat tahu 2010 dilaporkan bahwa prevalensi balita kurang gizi (balita yang mempunyai berat badan kurang) secara nasional adalah sebesar 17,9 persen diantaranya 4,9 persen yang gizi buruk. Prevalensi balita gizi kurang menurut provinsi yang tertinggi adalah Provinsi NTB (30,5%), dan terendah adalah Provinsi Sulut (10,6%). Sementara itu prevalensi balita pendek (stunting) secara nasional adalah sebesar 35,6 persen, dengan rentang 22,5 persen (DI Yogyakarta) sampai 58,4 persen (NTT). Prevalensi balita kurus (wasting) secara nasional adalah sebesar 13,3 persen, dengan prevalensi tertinggi adalah Provinsi Jambi (20%), dan terendah adalah Bangka Belitung (7,6%). Penyuluhan melalui pendampingan gizi yang dilakukan oleh kader posyandu yang dibina dan dilatih petugas gizi apabila dilaksanakan dengan baik maka akan meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi ibu, memperbaiki pola pengasuhan dan perawatan anak khususnya yang terkait dengan cara pemberian makanan anak, memelihara kebersihan anak dan memberikan pengobatan pada anak yang sakit. Apabila praktek pengasuhan anak dapat diperbaiki maka secara langsung akan meningkatkan status gizi dan menurunkan kejadian dan durasi penyakit infeksi pada anak, sehingga pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan status gizi anak.
SK Penugasan
Authors: Arsyam Muhammad
Published: December 2020

hhhhuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuullloooffftttdddgggg
Komunikasi Termediasi dan Momentum Revitalisasi Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Alkhajar Eka Nada Shofa
Published: December 2020

Alkhajar, E. N. S. (2020). Komunikasi Termediasi dan Momentum Revitalisasi Pembelajaran Daring. In E. N. S. Alkhajar & S. H. B. Wijaya (Eds.), Dinamika Komunikasi dalam Pandemi COVID-19 (pp. 181-194). Yogyakarta: KBM Indonesia.
Increased emotional eating during COVID-19 associated with lockdown, psychological and social distress
Authors: Cecchetto Cinzia , Aiello Marilena , Ionta Silvio , Gentili Claudio , Osimo Sofia Adelaide
Published: December 2020

Due to the spread of COVID 2019, the Italian government imposed a lockdown on the national territory. Initially, citizens were required to stay at home and not to mix with others outside of their household (Phase 1); eventually, some of these restrictions were lifted (Phase 2). To investigate the impact of lockdown on emotional and binge eating, an online survey was conducted to compare measures of self-reported physical (BMI), psychological (Alexithymia), affective (anxiety, stress, and depression) and social (income, workload) state during Phase 1 and Phase 2. Data from 365 Italian residents showed that increased emotional eating was predicted by higher depression, anxiety, quality of personal relationships, and quality of life, while the increase of bingeing was predicted by higher stress. Moreover, we showed that higher alexithymia scores were associated by increased emotional eating and higher BMI scores were associated with both increased emotional eating and binge eating. Finally, we found that from Phase 1 to Phase 2 binge and emotional eating decreased. These data provide evidence of the negative effects of isolation and lockdown on emotional wellbeing, and, relatedly, on eating behaviour.
NIRvP: a robust structural proxy for sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis across scales
Authors: Dechant Benjamin , Ryu Youngryel , Badgley Grayson , Köhler Philipp , Rascher Uwe , Migliavacca Mirco , Zhang Yongguang , Tagliabue Giulia , Guan Kaiyu , Rossini Micol , Goulas Yves , Zeng Yelu , Frankenberg Christian , Berry Joseph
Published: December 2020

Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is a promising new tool for remotely estimating photosynthesis. However, the degree to which incoming sunlight and the structure of the canopy rather than leaf physiology contribute to SIF variations is still not well characterized. Here we demonstrate that the canopy structure-related near-infrared reflectance of vegetation multiplied by incoming sunlight (NIRvP) is a robust proxy of far-red SIF across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Our findings indicate that contributions from leaf physiology to SIF variability are small compared to its structure and radiation components. NIRvP captured spatio-temporal patterns of photosynthesis better than SIF, which seems to be mostly due to the retrieval noise of SIF. Our results highlight the promise of using widely available NIRvP data for vegetation monitoring and also indicate the potential of using SIF and NIRvP in combination to extract physiological information from SIF.
Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security for Whom? IRS Overreaches in Denying CARES Act Economic Impact Payments to Migrant Workers and Incarcerated Individuals
Authors: Schwegel Justin
Published: December 2020

Individuals who received advance refunds under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act met the eligibility criteria in their 2019 tax filings (or 2018 filings if they had not yet filed 2019 taxes). Advance refunds are treated as a refund of an overpayment of 2018 or 2019 taxes. Subsequent changes in tax filing status in 2020 do not retroactively make one ineligible for an advance refund. On May 6, the IRS issued guidance on its Economic Impact Payment Information Center website instructing incarcerated individuals and certain resident aliens that they should return the economic impact payments (also called advance refunds or stimulus payments) they received from the IRS. This guidance is not legally binding for two distinct reasons. First, it was issued without conforming to the procedural requirements of the Administrative Procedure Act. Second, the guidance exceeded the IRS’s rule-making authority because it contradicts unambiguous statutory language.
Pregnancy during the pandemic: The impact of COVID-19-related stress on risk for prenatal depression
Authors: King Lucy S , Feddoes Daisy E. , Kirshenbaum Jaclyn Schwartz , Humphreys Kathryn Leigh , Gotlib Ian
Published: December 2020

Pregnant women may be particularly sensitive to negative events (i.e., adversity) related to the COVID-19 pandemic and affective responses to these events (i.e., stress). We examined COVID-19-related stress and adversity in a sample of 725 pregnant women residing in the San Francisco Bay Area in March-May 2020, 343 of whom provided addresses in California that were geocoded and matched by census tract to measures of community-level risk factors. Women who were pregnant during the pandemic had substantially elevated depressive symptoms compared to matched women who were pregnant prior to the pandemic. Several individual- and community-level risk and protective factors were associated with women’s scores on two latent factors of COVID-19-related stress and adversity. Highlighting the role of subjective responses to the pandemic in vulnerability to prenatal depression and factors that influence susceptibility to COVID-19-related stress, these findings inform understanding of the psychosocial sequelae of disease outbreaks among pregnant women.
Describing the elephant: a foundational model of human needs, motivation, behaviour, and wellbeing
Authors: Habermacher Andreas , Ghadiri Argang , Peters Theo
Published: December 2020

Models of basic psychological needs have been present and popular in the academic and lay literature for more than a century yet reviews of needs models show an astonishing lack of consensus. This raises the question of what basic human psychological needs are and if this can be consolidated into a model or framework that can align previous research and empirical study. The authors argue that the lack of consensus arises from researchers describing parts of the proverbial elephant correctly but failing to describe the full elephant. Through redefining what human needs are and matching this to an evolutionary framework we can see broad consensus across needs models and neatly slot constructs and psychological and behavioural theories into this framework. This enables a descriptive model of drives, motives, and well-being that can be simply outlined but refined enough to do justice to the complexities of human behaviour. This also raises some issues of how subjective well-being is and should be measured. Further avenues of research and how to continue building this model and framework are proposed.
MEMERANGI TITIK JENUH KULIAH ONLINE DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Salsabila Indina
Published: December 2020

Wabah pandemi Covid-19 ini mengakibatkan setiap orang harus melakukan segala aktivitas secara online. Berbagai macam aktivitas yang pada mula nya dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan banyak orang harus di batasi atau dilaksanakan secara daring atau online. Terutama dalam pelaksaan perkuliahan yang harus dilaksanakan secara online. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mencegah penyebaran virus corona. Kuliah online ini lama kelamaan menyebabkan mahasiswa menemui suatu titik jenuh dikarenakan banyak hal yang menghambat proses perkuliahan secara online ini. Akibatnya banyak mahasiswa hanya mengikuti perkuliahan tanpa paham apa yang telah dipelajari sebelumnya. Hal ini tentu saja merupakan menjadi salah satu penghambat mahasiswa untuk dapat berkembang secara maksimal. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa penyebab dari titik jenuh yang dirasakan mahasiswa pada kuliah online di masa pandemi Covid-19 ini dan bagaimana cara mengatasi titik jenuh tersebut. Dalam melakukan kajian ini penulis menggunakan metode studi pustaka terhadap berbagai kajian terhadulu yang pernah dilakukan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penyebab mahasiswa jenuh dengan kuliah online adalah tidak dapat berinteraksi secara langsung dalam perkuliahan dan tidak dapat mengenal secara langsung teman-teman baru. Cara mengatasi titik jenuh ini adalah dengan motivasi dari orang tua dan dukungan dari orang-orang sekitar.
MENULIS DAN STRES
Authors: Paradina Fitrah
Published: December 2020

Menulis sebenarnya adalah suatu kegiatan yang mudah yang bisa dilakukan dimana saja dan kapan saja, menulis juga tidak harus selalu menggunakan media penyalur seperti kertas dan pulpen, ataupun tablet dan laptop, tetapi menulis juga bisa dilakukan dikepala kita melalui pikiran. Menulis adalah kegiatan yang menyenangkan karena dapat menuangkan perasaan yang sedang dirasakan. Selama pandemik Covid-19 ini mewabah di Indonesia, banyak orang yang merasakan stres dan bosan karena tidak dapat melakukan aktivitas seperti biasanya. Ketika perasaan stres datang kita bisa menyalurkan ataupun mengurangi stres tersebut salah satunya dengan menulis, ataupun mendengarkan musik. Menulis apa yang sedang dirasakan atau membuat rencana kegiatan yang akan dilakukan dapat membuat kita melupakan stres. Mendengarkan musik juga merupakan kegiatan yang sering dilakukan ketika mengalami stres, dengan mendengarkan musik perasaan yang disalurkan lewat lagu itu akan mengurangi sters yang dirasakan dan membuat kita menjadi happy kembali dan stres pun hilang. Satu hal yang sering terjadi ketika menulis adalah kesalahan dalam penulisan kata atau sering disebut dengan istilah typo, typo bisa terjadi dikarenakan adanya kecepatan kerja otak yang berpikir ketika sedang mengetik atau menulis, dan ketika ingin memperbaiki typo disaat tengah menulis itu bisa mengganggu kelancaran dalam menulis yang menyebabkan proses menyalin dari pikiran kedalaam tulisan digital menjadi berantakan. Kegiatan mendengarkan musik dan menulis merupakan salah satu kegiatan untuk menghilangkan stres yang bisa disebut dengan istilah coping stress yang tergolong dalam bagian escape avoidance.Kata Kunci : Menulis, stres, typo
Explaining Rural Conservatism: Political Consequences of Technological Change in the Great Plains
Authors: Dasgupta Aditya , Ramirez Elena Ruiz
Published: December 2020

How did rural areas become conservative electoral strongholds in the US and other advanced capitalist economies? This paper argues that technological change transformed not only agriculture but rural political preferences during the twentieth century. It studies a natural experiment: the post-WWII introduction of improved groundwater pumps and center-pivot irrigation, which enabled farmers to irrigate otherwise arid land in the Great Plains. These innovations mainly benefited counties overlying the Ogallala aquifer – a pattern we validate with computer-vision estimates of technology diffusion using satellite imagery. Difference-in-difference analyses exploiting this differential impact indicate that technological change played a large role in the region’s long-term conservative electoral transformation. Additional tests, including comparison of individual policy preferences inside/outside of the Ogallala aquifer, support the hypothesis that this was due to increasingly capital-intensive agriculture and the growing power of agribusiness interests which benefit from conservative economic policies. The findings demonstrate how new technologies made new politics in rural America.
Precolonial States and Development: Evidence from Agriculture in Africa
Authors: Dasgupta Aditya , Johnson-Kanu Ada
Published: December 2020

Low agricultural productivity is a major source of poverty in Africa, where much of the population works in agriculture, yet subsistence production and food insecurity are widespread. However, some pockets of agriculture in Africa are highly productive. In this paper, we assemble a geospatial dataset of all pre-colonial African states in existence between 1500 and 1850, and utilize remote-sensing data based on satellite imagery to show that areas (pixels) in proximity to the location of pre-colonial state capitals display higher levels of contemporary agricultural output. This relationship exists across and within countries, agro-ecological zones, and river basins. We rule out spurious correlation with spatial randomization tests. We argue that via path-dependence and spatial agglomeration effects, pre-colonial states transmitted the territorial reach that was critical for state-led agricultural modernization in the twentieth century. The findings support a growing literature linking contemporary economic development to state capacity transmitted from pre-colonial political institutions.
First approach to the semantic analysis of the academic production of the Faculty of Sociology of the Santo Tomás University (Colombia) teachers
Authors: Urra Miguel
Published: December 2020

This article presents the results of a bibliometric investigation, whose object of study is the academic production of the faculty of the Faculty of Sociology of the Santo Tomás University. Through the elaboration of word clouds with the titles of the publications of the teachers, it is concluded that there is a great semantic variety in the analysis of all the titles produced, a greater specificity if only the last five are taken into account years and interdisciplinary work that enriches the collection of analysis categories deployed in research projects.
Homoploutia: Top Labor and Capital Incomes in the United States, 1950—2020
Authors: Berman Yonatan , Milanovic Branko
Published: December 2020

Homoploutia describes the situation in which the same people (homo) are wealthy (ploutia) in the space of capital and labor income in some country. It can be quantified by the share of capital-income rich who are also labor-income rich. In this paper we combine several datasets covering different time periods to document the evolution of homoploutia in the United States from 1950 to 2020. We find that homoploutia was low after World War II, has increased by the early 1960s, and then decreased until the mid-1980s. Since 1985 it has been sharply increasing: In 1985, about 17% of adults in the top decile of capital-income earners were also in the top decile of labor-income earners. In 2018 this indicator was about 30%. This makes the traditional division to capitalists and laborers less relevant today. It makes periods characterized by high interpersonal inequality, high capital-income ratio and high capital share of income in the past fundamentally different from the current situation. High homoploutia has far-reaching implications for social mobility and equality of opportunity. We also study how homoploutia is related to total income inequality. We find that rising homoploutia accounts for about 20% of the increase in total income inequality in the United States since 1986. (Stone Center Working Paper Series)
Feto-maternal Outcome in Pregnancies Complicated by Hypertensive Disorder: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Centre of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Karki Gyanendra Man Singh , Priyadarshini Mona , Pradhan Tarun
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is one of the major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the associated maternal and fetal outcome and complications in pregnancies complicated by hypertensive disorders at a tertiary care hospital in eastern Nepal.

Methodology: This retrospective cross section observational study included purposely-selected one hundred thirty four pregnant women from April 2019 to April 2020 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Tankisinuwari, Morang, Nepal. Maternal age, gravidity, period of gestation at presentation, associated maternal comorbidities/ risk factors, mode of delivery, indication for surgery, maternal outcome and complications, fetal outcome was recorded and data was analysed using SPSS version 23 software.

Result: Out of the 134 study population,35.8% of the mothers with hypertensive disorders were noted in the age group between 25-29 years and almost two third of the patients were multigravida. 55.2% patients had mild, while 44.8% had severe hypertension. About 83.6% of the hypertensive pregnant mothers delivered preterm between 33 to 36 weeks of gestation. 61.9% mothers underwent cesarean section with the most common indication being non-reassuring fatal heart rate pattern, while 34.3% women delivered vaginally. 86 out of 134 cases did not develop any complications while, postpartum haemorrhage was the most frequently encountered complication seen in 17.9% cases followed by eclampsia encountered in 13.4% patients. The mortality encountered was 0.7%. Neonatal complications were found in 50% cases, 15.7% neonates had low APGAR score and 8.2% had meconium aspiration, while 4.5% intrauterine deaths and 3% neonatal deaths were observed.

Conclusion: There is adverse impact of hypertension during pregnancy over maternal and perinatal outcome. Hence, early identification and prompt referral to the well-equipped center is necessary to reduce the associated morbidity and mortality.
Significance of Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Various Musculoskeletal Disorder
Authors: Jha Subash Chandra , Gupta Mithilesh , Dev Binit , Regmi Sudeep , Chaudhary Ajay , Mahato Ajay
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Ultrasound is a safe, highly cost effective and non-invasive imaging technique without any absolute contraindication. It is also one of the most useful investigations in all medical specialities worldwide. The trend of use of ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of various musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) is tremendously rising in orthopedics practice in Nepal over the last few years.

Objectives: The study was conducted to fulfill the existing lacunae in medical literature about use and benefits of ultrasound in context of Nepal. The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of ultrasound in the diagnosis of MSD among patients attending orthopedic department.

Methodology: All the consecutive patients who visited department of orthopedics and received the diagnosis of MSD and had undergone ultrasonography from February 2017 to February 2019 were included in the study. The effectiveness of ultrasound was evaluated by assessing the correlation between clinical and ultrasound based diagnosis.

Results: Out of 420 patients, majorities were female (55%). Out of 6 different anatomical sites identified, maximum patients had problem around wrist and hand (31%) followed by ankle and foot (22.9%). Similarly the most common diagnosis was related to tendon pathology including tendonitis, tenosynovitis and tendinopathy (31.9%). There was statistically significant correlation between ultrasound and clinical diagnosis with P value <0.01.

Conclusion: Overuse tendon injury are common pathology around wrist and ankle that can be diagnosed by ultrasound along with many other MSD. The use of ultrasound is gradually widening in scope but has to be performed by the expert to improve the diagnostic accuracy and also to avoid misleading diagnoses.  Since there is significant correlation between clinical and ultrasound based diagnosis, it can be beneficial even for young doctors for making effective diagnosis of MSD.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound in Palpable Breast Lesions
Authors: Pathak Manish Raj , Gautam Mahesh , Bhandari Rashmita
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Breast carcinoma is the second leading cause of cancer related mortality in females around the world. Ultrasound plays a key role in differentiating cystic and solid lesions and is a convenient and non-invasive diagnostic tool to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in palpable breast lesions.

Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with palpable breast lesions who presented in Department of radio diagnosis and imaging of Nobel Medical collegefor a period of one-year from February 2019- January 2020 using ultrasound. A total of 60 patientswereevaluated in the study. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were calculated.

Results: Out of 60 patients evaluated, ultrasound showed 46 (76.7%) cases to be benign and 14 (23.3%) cases to be malignant. FNAC revealed benign disease in 47 (78.3%) patients and malignant disease in 13 (21.7%) patients. The most common benign lesion was fibroadenoma. We found nearly 91.7% of the malignant lesions had spiculated margins and microcalcification. The sensitivity of ultrasound was 95.74% and specificity 92.3% with diagnostic accuracy 95%.

Conclusion: Ultrasound is a convenient and non-invasive diagnostic tool with good sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy in palpable breast lesions.
Evaluation of open reduction and internal fixation of displaced intra-articular fracture of calcaneum- A short term study
Authors: Jha Ranjib Kumar , Thapa Santosh
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Management of displaced intraarticular fracture of calcaneum is controversial. Non-operative management often have unsatisfactory result due to subtalar arthritis and abnormal foot morphology.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate clinical and radiological outcome of patients with displaced intra-articular fracture of calcaneum treated by open reduction and internal fixation(ORIF) with plates and screws through extensile lateral approach.

Methodology: This was prospective clinical study conducted in Nobel Medical College between November 2016 to December 2019. The patients were treated by ORIF with calcaneal plates and screws through extensile lateral approach. Patients were followed up for minimal one year. Patients were evaluated clinically by using AOFAS hind foot score and radiologically by measuring Bohler’s and Gissane angle and calcaneal height and width.

Results: Out of total 26 cases, fifteen were sander’s type II, eight were type III and three were type IV. The mean age of patients was 33.92 years. The mean delay of surgery due to swelling was 8.65±1.95 days. The averagefollow-up period was 17 months.  The mean AOFAS hind foot score was85.08±7.67. Tenpatients (38.46%) had excellent, twelve patients(48.61%) had good and four patients(15.38%) had fair outcome.There were significant association between improvement in Bohler’s and Gissane angle and functional outcome measured by AOFAS hind foot score.

Conclusion : Open reduction and internal fixation of displaced intraarticular fracture of calcaneum with calcaneal plates and screws through extensile lateral approach produce good clinical and radiological result.
Uremic Pruritus and associated factors in Chronic Dialysis Patients: An Observational Study in Western Nepal
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Subedi Saujan , Maskey Abhisek , Asim Mohammad , Sathian Brijesh , Neupane Deepika
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Pruritus is one of the well-recognized major skin derangements in patients with advanced renal failure and are usually  without visible skin lesions. Only few studies have addressed this issue in Nepalese population.

Objective:.The present study aims to identify the prevalence and associated factors of uremic pruritus in chronic dialysis patients in western Nepal.

Methodology:A prospective observational study was conducted to include all chronic dialysis patients with uremic pruritus at the Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal over a period of one year (June 2018 and May 2019).

Results: During the study period, a total of 59 patients were included in the study with mean age of 55.8±15.8years,of which 37 (63%) patients developed uremic pruritus.

Statistically significant relationship betweenpresence of pruritus and  pruritus severity with frequency of itching grade and sleep disturbance score among elderly (p=0.001) were observed

The serum urea can predict uremic pruritus among elderly patients with a good diagnostic value.  The multivariate analysis showed male gender, hypertension, elevated serum albumin and random blood sugarwere independent predictors of pruritus in patients undergoing chronic dialysis.

Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that higher proportion ofpatients undergoing chronic dialysis werediagnosed with uremic pruritus (63%) and occurrence of pruritus had association with frequency of itching grade and sleep disturbance score .The serum levels of urea may predict the occurrence of pruritus among elderly patients.Furthermore, a large multicenter study is warranted with longer follow up which may provide robust information on the burden of pruritus and its associated factors to guide appropriate management among elderly.