bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desenvolvimento motor de prematuros nascidos abaixo de 2.500g no primeiro ano de vida: interferência do crescimento infantil
Authors: Sangali Caroline Sangali Cenci , De Toni Tainá , Trubian Fernanda , Lodi Mayra Nathu , Bonetti Leandro Viçosa , Saccani Raquel
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: verificar se há relação entre o desenvolvimento motor e o crescimento infantil de crianças nascidas prematuras abaixo de 2.500 g até os 12 meses de idade corrigida. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva e observacional, de caráter associativo e delineamento transversal, com 85 prematuros até 12 meses e peso ao nascer abaixo de 2.500g. Retirou-se do prontuário informações das características biológicas e ambientais da criança. Para o desenvolvimento motor, foi utilizada a Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) e para avaliar o crescimento, as informações foram colocadas em gráficos de referência da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Na análise de dados, utilizou-se teste de Correlação de Pearson e teste de Qui Quadrado de Pearson (nível de significância foi p<0,05). Resultados: O peso (p=0,001) e IMC (p< 0,0001) demonstraram correlação moderada e significativa com o percentil de desempenho motor dos bebês. Ademais, as associações dos indicadores de crescimento com as categorias de desempenho motor também foram significativas, tanto em peso (p=0,01) quanto em IMC (p=0,04). A estatura demonstrou correlação mais baixa, porém significativa (0,05) com a categorização de desempenho motor. Conclusão: Observa-se forte relação entre o crescimento infantil e o desenvolvimento motor de crianças prematuras. Foi demonstrado que os indicadores antropométricos de peso e IMC tiveram importantes interações com o desenvolvimento motor das crianças.
Tecnologias Assistivas: Aplicações na prevenção de quedas de idosos
Authors: Nascimento Marcelo De Maio , Silva Paloma Sthefane Teles , Juchem Luciano
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Identificar os serviços de suporte oferecidos pelas Técnicas Assistivas à avaliação do risco de quedas de idosos e o monitoramento de suas residências, bem como, apresentar uma visão geral sobre os principais dispositivos utilizados, descrevendo suas particularidades.Materiais e Métodos: Revisão da Literatura nas bases Lilacs, Medline e SciELO. Foram incluídos artigos no idioma inglês, publicados entre os anos 2010-2019, com foco na população ≥60 anos. Os descritores utilizados foram: gerontecnologia, tecnologia assistiva, envelhecimento, quedas, detecção de quedas, avaliação, risco de quedas, sensores vestíveis, sensores ambientais.Resultados: 20 artigos de 448 atenderam os critérios de inclusão. Verificou-se que dois dispositivos foram principalmente discutidos na literatura: sensores vestíveis e sensores domiciliares. Constatou-se que os dispositivos são compostos por algoritmos aptos a detectar e analisar a queda em diferentes estágios.Conclusão: Técnicas Assistivas podem contribuir à prevenção de quedas de idosos, exame da marcha e do equilíbrio, detecção de movimentos por meio de câmeras em residências, identificando a inatividade ou o contorno do corpo. Em razão da redução do preço dos Smartphones, estima-se relativo aumento do uso desses dispositivos, que apresentam bússolas digitais, GPS, microfone, câmera, acelerômetros e giroscópios.
The Burden of Senescent Dysfunctional Telomeres in Normal Cells – a Pilot Study
Authors: Kahl Vivian Francilia Silva
Published: May 2022

Introdução: Telômeros disfuncionais são críticos para a saúde humana. Eles podem ser identificados pelo seu comprimento, pela prevalência de variantes nas repetições teloméricas e pela frequência de danos localizados nos telômeros, marcados pela presença de -H2AX.Materiais e Métodos: Usando o ensaio de disfunção telomérica induzida (mTIF), esse estudo investigou a presença de TCAGGG, uma repetição telomérica variante, e sua associação com a repetição canônica (TTAGGG) em uma linhagem cancerígena (HT1080) e uma linhagem celular normal (MRC-5) humanas ao longo de um período (120 dias).Resultados: Devido à parada do crescimento celular que acompanha a senescência, as células MRC-5 em estágio final de duplicação de população (DP) apresentaram telômeros particularmente curtos quando comparadas às células HT1080 em qualquer estágio e à MRC-5 em estágio inicial de DP. Células cancerígenas exibiram elevados níveis da variante TCAGGG, tanto sozinha ou colocalizada com a sequência canônica. As linhagens HT1080 e MRC-5 em estágio inicial tiveram níveis de -H2AX aumentados quando co-localizados à sequência canônica, à sequência variante, e às duas sequências combinadas, quando comparadas com MRC-5 em estágio final.Conclusão: Este estudo piloto identificou que a linhagem de fibrossarcoma HT1080 é mais suscetível à ocorrência de variantes teloméricas, enquanto células normais em estágio final exibem mais altos níveis de telômeros disfuncionais, indicados por telômeros mais curtos e presença aumentada de -H2AX.
Некоторые аспекты аппроксимации нечетких подмножеств
Authors: Гаджиев Ф.Г. , Джафарова Е.Щ.
Published: May 2022

В статье рассматривается проблема исследования плохо структурированных задач, решение которых представляется в плоскости разработки соответствующих дескриптивных систем, характеризующихся особыми базами знаний, содержащих в себе средства организации и поддержки решений без явного использования стандартных эвристик. Используемая с этой целью аппроксимация нечетких подмножеств, реализованная на основе разработанного программного обеспечения и апробированная на материалах космических исследований свидетельствует об эффективности ее использования при решении вышеуказанных задач.
Повышение эффективности работы информационного ресурса банка за счет инфографики
Authors: Горячкин Б.С. , Федорова А.А.
Published: May 2022

Банковская сфера, как одна из лидеров освоения современных информационных сервисов, широко использует цифровизацию своих услуг. Однако эффективность предоставления подобных услуг в значительной степени определяется не объемом и сложностью информационного обеспечения, не характеристиками программных продуктов, а надлежащим представлением клиентам соответствующих процедур и инструментов. Этой проблеме и посвящена настоящая статья, в которой рассмотрен эргономичный способ описания, представления и получения услуги, а также вопрос эффективного восприятия целевой банковской информации. Проведен анализ того, как визуализация текстов позволяет улучшить воспринимаемость человеком информации в банковской сфере. Приведены различные варианты предоставления услуги и обосновано доказаны преимущества предложенного авторами варианта.
Совершенствование образовательных программ ординатуры и ДПО - путь к повышению качества специалистов здравоохранения и фармации
Authors: Жмуров В.А. , Соловьева С.В. , Викулова К.А. , Калинина В.Л.
Published: May 2022

В работе представлены особенности разработки образовательных программ подготовки кадров высшей квалификации ( ординатура) и программ дополнительного профессионального образования ( ДПО) в соответствии с профессиональными стандартами специалистов здравоохранения и фармации. Большое внимание уделено симуляционному обучению, которое позволяет осваивать практические навыки в соответствии с трудовыми функциями профессиональных стандартов. В программах ДПО содержится перечень профессиональных компетенций ( ПК), которые также сопоставляются с трудовыми функциями профессиональных стандартов, а также с квалификационными требованиями , указанными в квалификационных справочниках по соответствующей должности или специальности.
Изменения лабораторных показателей крови при COVID-19
Authors: Мамедова С.М. , Бугаева А.В. , Лидохова О.В. , Гребенникова И.В.
Published: May 2022

Новый возбудитель инфекции SARS-CoV2, вызывающий COVID-19, относится к группе инфекций, которая прежде всего поражает дыхательную систему. Однако патогенез COVID-инфекции затрагивает поражение многих органов и систем. Все это отражается на показателях клеточного состава крови. Выраженность изменений этих показателей тесно взаимосвязана с тяжестью течения инфекции.
О необходимости и возможности создания и применения резервных мобильных центральных станций сетей спутниковой связи
Authors: Карачевцев А.Е. , Ширко А.И.
Published: May 2022

Статья посвящена проблеме резервирования сетей спутниковой связи, решением которой является создание и внедрение резервных мобильных центральных станций. Практическая реализация данного предложения позволит повысить устойчивость сети спутниковой связи от воздействия различных факторов.
Construction of the fitness function depending on a set of competing strategies based on the analysis of population dynamics
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Kuzenkov Oleg
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this work is to construct a fitness function that depends on the set of coexisting competing hereditary elements based on population dynamics in the “predator– prey” model with the logistic growth of prey. Materials and methods. The work uses the generalized Volterra model. The planktivorous fish plays the role of a predator. Many different species of zooplankton are considered as prey, which differ from each other in the hereditary strategies of daily vertical migrations. The model takes into account the intraspecific competition of prey. The peculiarity of the model consists of the presence of pairs of hereditary strategies in which the carriers of the first can displace the carriers of the second and vice versa — the carriers of the second can displace the carriers of the first, depending on the set of competing strategies in which they coexist. To restore the fitness function, the ranking method is used, which is reduced to the classification of ordered pairs of hereditary strategies into two classes “the first strategy displaces the second” and “the second displaces the first”. Results. The article presents a new methodology for constructing the fitness function. The technique involves two stages. First, the fitness function is reconstructed for a certain finite subset of elements on the basis of processing data on the long-term dynamics and comparing their competitive advantages. At the second stage, the form of the fitness function is derived for an arbitrary set of elements. It uses the features of interspecies interaction reflected in the model. With the help of the constructed fitness function, an evolutionarily stable regime of daily vertical migrations of zooplankton is modeled by numerically solving the minimax problem. Conclusion. The proposed method for constructing a fitness function that depends on a set of competing strategies is quite general and can be applied to a wide range of models of population dynamics. The strategy of diel vertical migrations of zooplankton constructed as a result of modeling is in good agreement with empirical data.
On the 75th anniversary of Vladimir G. Yakhno
Authors:   Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nuidel Irina
Published: May 2022

This year 2022, Vladimir Grigorievich celebrated his seventy-fifth anniversary. We, his students and colleagues, sincerely congratulate him on his birthday and wish him health, fulfillment of personal and creative plans!
Contribuição experimental e teórica de João Claudio Todorov para o estudo de Controle Aversivo
Authors: Moraes Antonio Bento Alves de , Rolim Gustavo Sattolo
Published: May 2022

Nesse breve ensaio pretende-se enfatizar a contribuição experimental e teórica de João Claudio Todorov para o estudo de Controle Aversivo. Este texto apresenta brevemente a trajetória acadêmica, as publicações e algumas reflexões relacionadas ao tema Controle aversivo, a saber, (1) estudos sobre o procedimento de Sidman (esquiva sinalizada ou não sinalizada), (2) os efeitos da punição em estudos experimentais e sobre metacontingências) e (3) discussões teóricas sobre a produção relativa ao uso do controle aversivo. Esse professor e pesquisador brasileiro se destacou no cenário da Psicologia cientifica, como um dos principais pensadores da Análise Experimental do Comportamento do Brasil, a partir da segunda metade do século XX e início do século XXI. Esse ensaio busca resgatar a importância não apenas do pesquisador e professor, mas de uma pessoa compromissada com a reflexão rigorosa e crítica diante de dados experimentais e das práticas culturais.Palavras-chave: Controle aversivo, Esquiva, Análise Experimental do Comportamento, Todorov.
Sobre João Claudio Todorov
Authors: Pessotti Isaias
Published: May 2022

Sobre João Claudio Todorov
A defesa da Amazônia e a luta contra o negacionismo científico: entrevista com Philip Fearnside
Authors: Léna Philippe , Issberner Liz-Rejane
Published: May 2022

Nesta entrevista, Philip Fearnside, membro da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, um dos cientistas mais respeitados e citados da ciência ambiental no mundo, nos fala de sua longa trajetória dedicada à defesa do meio ambiente em geral e da Amazônia em particular. Escreveu trabalhos que são referência sobre os riscos socioambientais da abertura de estradas em determinadas áreas cobiçadas para fins econômicos. Fearnside também é uma referência quando se trata de resistência à construção de barragens para a geração de energia na Amazônia, como a de Belo Monte. A defesa dessas ideias já lhe custou ataques da parte de representantes de interesses políticos favoráveis à exploração econômica da Amazônia. Nesta entrevista, ele responde sobre o papel do cientista contra o negacionismo climático e a desinformação, tema que o próprio Fearnside já abordou em sua vasta obra
Sustainability Profit Gained by the Optimized Clamped Beams
Authors: Žula Tomaž , Kravanja Stojan , Jelušič Primož
Published: May 2022

The paper presents the optimization of the sustainability profit achieved by the production of clamped beams in civil engineering. It proposes to design a range of beams using three different material alternatives: structural steel, reinforced concrete and glulam. For this reason, three optimization models of beams are developed for the three materials. In addition, two different objectives are defined for each material alternative: for the economic profit and for the sustainability profit (which includes the eco costs of global warming). The proposed objectives are subject to the design, resistance and deflection constraints of the clamped beam, which are determined in accordance with the specifications of Eurocodes 2, 3 and 5. The mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) approach is used to find most advantageous material alternative of the beams. GAMS /Dicopt is used. The numerical example presented at the end of the paper clearly shows that reinforced concrete beams have the highest economic and sustainability profit.
Fibre Reinforced Alkali-Activated Rock Wool
Authors: Pavlin Majda , Horvat Barbara , Ducman Vilma
Published: May 2022

Mineral wool, i.e. rock and glass wool, represents considerable challenge after its functional-time runs out due to its small density leading to large volume consumption during transport and in landfills where it usually ends. Because rock wool is mineralogically and chemically a promising precursor material for alkali-activation, it was milled from few centimetres-decimeters long fibres to micron-sized fibres. Since fibres in alkali-activated materials generally show an increase in mechanical strength, especially the bending strength, 1 m% of additional fibres (basalt, cellulose (2 types), glass, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol and steel fibres) was used in the alkali mixture, that was curred at 40 °C for 3 days. Time dependence of the mechanical strengths of alkali-activated materials with and without additional fibres was followed. Maximal increase of compressive and bending strength after 28 days was reached with polypropylene fibres, i.e. it was 20% and 30% higher than compressive and bending strength of alkali-activated material without additional fibres respectively.
Activity of α--Amylase from P. ostreatus Grown on Waste Substrates
Authors: Primožič Mateja , Knez Željko , Leitgeb Maja
Published: May 2022

Forest and agricultural waste can be a major development and ecological opportunity. Therefore, it is reasonable to use biological waste further to produce energy and for the manufacture of certain products with high added value, such as, for example, the cultivation of fungi and, consequently, the production of biocatalysts with high market value. In addition, the use of agriculture waste for Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) growth can be integrated to waste management and the development of the bioeconomy. The cultivation of P. ostreatus using waste plant biomass from agriculture (straw, grass, courgettes, cucumbers, peaches, apricots, pears, and peppers) was performed in order to obtain the highest increase in biomass production of the cultivated mushroom and as a potential source of α-amylase, with high catalytic activity. The highest α-amylase activities were achieved when pears or apricots were used as a substrate for P. ostreatus cultivation.
A Novel Process to Produce Adipic Acid by Catalytic Dehydroxylation of Biomass-derived Mucic Acid
Authors: Harth Florian M. , Hočevar Brigita , Likozar Blaž , Grilc Miha
Published: May 2022

The heterogeneously catalyzed dehydroxylation of mucic acid to produce adipic acid, a highly relevant polymer precursor, was investigated. The use of methanol as solvent is particularly important since it not only acts as reducing agent but also protects the carboxylic acid functionality by esterification. Re/C was found a well-suited catalyst for this reaction and not only showed high activity but was also reusable with suitable reactivation procedure. Under optimized reaction conditions, 98 % of dehydroxylated products could be obtained from mucic acid. Moreover, combining Re/C with a suitable hydrogenation catalyst (e.g. Pd/C) and performing the reaction under H2 atmosphere steers the reaction towards adipic acid ester. Therefore, it could be shown that adipic acid derivatives are available from biomass-accessible mucic by this novel and renewable approach.
One-pot Algae Conversion Into Sustainable Biofuel by Catalytic Hydroprocessing
Authors: Marinič Dana , Hočevar Brigita , Grilc Miha , Likozar Blaž
Published: May 2022

Microalgae have emerged as a promising feedstock for third generation biofuels. This study aims to investigate the reaction conditions for biodiesel production from microalgae. Microalgae were liquefied and transformed into a mixture of diesel like hydrocarbons using commercial bifunctional NiMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. GC-MS analysis revealed that the produced bio-oils are a complex mixtures of partially or completely deoxygenated compounds. The most promising experiment using 25 wt% of catalyst at 350 °C of reaction temperature and 50 bar of initial hydrogen pressure yielded 22.6 wt% of liquid alkanes with the high selectivity towards pentadecane, hexadecane, heptadecane and octadecane.
Study on effect of fly ash and limestone powder on compressive strength of roller compacted concrete for dam construction
Authors: Ojha P N , Singh Brijesh , Singh Pranay , Singh Abhishek , Mandre Manish Kumar
Published: May 2022

Roller compacted concrete (RCC) is a special concrete having similar ingredients as in the case of conventional concrete, but in different proportions. Use of fly ash to replace significant proportion of Portland cement (PC) for RCC mix is very popular. However, use of limestone in RCC is not so popular. Limestone can act as an inert filler as well as can take part in hydration process and development of different hydration products to a limited extent. The study attempts to determine the optimal replacement levels of PC using fly ash and limestone for development of high volume fly ash based roller compact concrete with limestone filler for use in construction of dams in India by evaluating the fresh properties (in terms of Vee Bee time, density and setting time) and compressive strength (at 7, 28, 56, 90 and 180 days) for different RCC mixes having varying proportions of PC, fly ash and limestone. The study evaluation of 17 RCC mixes prepared by replacing PC to an extent of 72% (by weight of total cementitious content) using two types of fly ash and two types of limestone from different sources to observe the variations in setting time, short and long-term strength for the concrete. For RCC mixes having ternary cementitious systems (combination of OPC, fly ash and limestone), setting time values were observed to be in between setting times of mixes made with binary cementitious systems (i.e. OPC and limestone & OPC and fly ash). Optimum performance in terms of compressive strength at all the ages was observed for mixes with ternary cementitious system due to the synergistic contributions (physical and chemical) of both fly ash and limestone.
Polygenic analysis of genetic susceptibility to essential hypertension
Authors: Timasheva Y. R. , Gerasimova K. A. , Tuktarova I. A. , Erdman V. V. , Nasibullin T. R.
Published: May 2022

Objective. To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying genetic susceptibility to essential hypertension (EH) using polygenic analysis of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).

Design and methods.Genotyping of renin (REN, rs2368564), angiotensinogen (AGT, rs4762), angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1, rs5186), chymase 1 (CMA1, rs1800875) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, rs1799752) polymorphic variants was performed in 346 patients with EH and 377 controls, Russians and Tatars by ethnic origin.

Results. ACE rs1799752polymorphism was significantly associated with EH risk in Tatars (PBonf= 0,003) and in the total study group (PBonf= 4,09 x 10–5). Polygenic approach identified 12 genotypes and/or alleles combinations of RAAS genes polymorphisms, significantly associated with EH in the Tatars, and 6 patterns associated with EH in the total study group. The highest risk of disease in Tatar men was associated with REN rs2368564*T + AGTR1 rs5186*C/A + ACE rs1799752*D combination (OR = 16,64, PBonf= 0,001), in the total group — with REN rs2368564*T/C + CMA1 rs1800875*G combination (OR = 2,37, PBonf= 0,045).

Conclusions. Our findings indicate that EH risk in men of Russian and Tatar ethnicity is significantly associated with ACE rs1799752 polymorphism, and the results of polygenic analysis demonstrate an association of the disease risk with genotype/allele combinations of polymorphic variants in REN (rs2368564), AGTR1 (rs5186), ACE (rs1799752), and CMA1 (rs1800875) genes.
Cardiometabolic risk factors and renin-angiotensin system polymorphisms in young individuals with various metabolic phenotypes
Authors: Chulkov V. S. , Gavrilova E. S. , Chulkov V. S. , Pankova E. D. , Martynov S. A. , Manzhos V. I.
Published: May 2022

Background. The increased prevalence of obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases attract attention worldwide. Renin-angiotensin system can link obesity and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.

Objective. To access a comprehensive assessment of cardiometabolic risk factors and gene polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system in metabolic phenotypes among young individuals.

Design and methods.The sample consisted of 251 individuals, who were divided into four groups: group 1 — metabolically healthy individuals with normal body mass index (BMI) (n = 62); group 2 — metabolically unhealthy individuals with normal BMI (n = 57); group 3 — metabolically healthy overweight/obese individuals (n = 16); group 4— metabolically unhealthy overweight/ obese individuals (n = 116). All participants answered a questionnaire designed for this study. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical parameters were assessed. The following polymorphisms were evaluated:, A1166C polymorphism of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene (rs5186), M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene (rs699), T174M polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene (rs4762), I/D polymorphism of the angiotensinconverting enzyme gene (rs4340).

Results. In young individuals with metabolically unhealthy overweight/ obesity, a higher frequency of coexistent abdominal obesity and hypertension was found in combination with a higher frequency of the allele T of AGT 235M/T. The greater differences in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in combination with a higher serum levels of leptin and low serum concentrations of adiponectin were also found in young individuals with metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity.
Association of plasma folic acid levels with parameters of glutathione metabolism in hypertensive patients with comorbid diseases
Authors: Alexandrova L. A. , Subbotina T. F. , Ionova Zh. I. , Berkovich O. A. , Zhloba A. A.
Published: May 2022

Objective. Hypertension (HTN) is characterized by a high incidence of comorbidity. An individual approach to the management of such patientsrequires new markers for differential diagnosis. The pathophysiology of most comorbidities is closely related to endothelial dysfunction triggered by an imbalance in redox processes.

The aim of this work is to assess the relationship between plasma level of folic acid (FA) and the state of the redox system of erythrocyte glutathione in patients with HTN and concomitant target organ damage in cardiovascular diseases (HTN + CVD), chronic kidney disease (HTN + CKD) and discirculatory encephalopathy (HTN + DE).

Design and methods. We enrolled 93 patients with HTN admitted to the clinics of the Pavlov University, and 30 donors of the reference group. We assessed plasma concentration of folic acid, the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) in erythrocytes.

Results. In HTN patients with the deficiency of FA, a lower content of GSH and activity of GR in erythrocytes were found compared to the HTN patients without deficiency and the reference group. In the groups HTN + CVD and HTN + DE, the GSH level and GR activity correlated with the plasma concentration of FA and were lower in the subgroups with FA deficiency. In subgroups with normal FA content, these parameters did not differ from the reference indicators.

Conclusions. The parameters of GSH and GR in patients with HTN + CVD and HTN + DE, but not HTN + CKD, can be considered as potential markers of functional FA deficiency.
Hypertension as a mask of ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis
Authors: Bashnyak V. S. , Mamutova E. M. , Berns S. A. , Almazova I. I. , Shashkova N. V. , Shepel R. N. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: May 2022

Glomerulonephritis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) is one of the causes of renal parenchymal disease, which can lead to secondary hypertension (HTN). Clinical course of HTN in this case is usually mild, however, high blood pressure can become the only reason to refer to a primary care physician. We report a case of a 45-year old woman with renal parenchymal disease due to ANCA-glomerulonephritis and secondary HTN. HTN was the only clinical manifestation of the disease led to the hospital admission. With this clinical case we emphasize that primary care physicians should always attempt to identify secondary causes of HTN.
Wielka Kwesta Ogólnokrajowa „Ratujcie dzieci” 1916–1919
Authors: Przeniosło Małgorzata
Published: May 2022

Autorka w swojej pracy skupia się na inicjatywie organizowanej w latach 1916-1919 przez Radę Główną Opiekuńczą w Warszawie oraz przez Główny Komitet Ratunkowy w Lublinie. Akcja pod hasłem „Ratujcie dzieci” miała na celu zdobycie funduszy na pomoc dzieciom podczas toczącej się właśnie Wielkiej Wojny.
Niemowlę jako obiekt zainteresowania rodziców, lekarzy i państwa w XIX wieku
Authors: Kurowska Hanna
Published: May 2022

Celem Autorki artykułu będzie przedstawienie pojawienia się zainteresowania rodziców, lekarzy i państwa stanem zdrowia dziecka w pierwszym roku życia. Badaczka omówi rozpoczętą kampanię uświadamiania rodziców, a szczególnie matek, przez lekarzy i społeczników, a niekiedy i państwo, która miała na celu uzmysłowienie, że to one mają decydujący wpływ na zdrowie, a nawet życie swojego potomstwa. Artykuł wskaże zjawiska, które przyczyniły się do spadku śmiertelności niemowląt oraz w konsekwencji wydłużenia życia człowieka. Zostanie ukazany powolny proces uświadamiania, zachęcania i przestrzegania trwający całe stulecie, a którego owoce zostaną dostrzeżone na przełomie XIX i XX wieku.
Zabawy, zabawki i zajęcia dzieci na początku XX wieku na łamach czasopisma „Dziecko”
Authors: Nawrot-Borowska Monika
Published: May 2022

Celem Autorki jest odtworzenie oraz problemowa systematyka zagadnień z zakresu zabawek, zabaw i zajęć dla dzieci proponowanych na łamach wydawanego w Warszawie na początku XX wieku periodyku „Dziecko. Czasopismo poświęcone wychowaniu domowemu i społecznemu”, który miał na celu propagować ideę wychowania i nauczania w domu rodzinnym jako swoistego rodzaju remedium na ówczesną zrusyfikowaną szkołę.
Wychowanie dziecka w XIX stuleciu w świetle praktycznych porad Lucyny Ćwierczakiewiczowej
Authors: Zyśk Justyna , Czerniak Grażyna
Published: May 2022

XIX wiek to czas wielu zmian i przemian, również w zakresie prowadzenia gospodarstwa domowego czy wychowywania dzieci. Dynamika była tak duża, że zaczęto wydawać poradniki stanowiące nie tylko pomoc w rozwiazywaniu życiowych trudności, lecz również będącymi kompendium wiedzy oraz nowinek cywilizacyjnych. Na ziemiach polskich w XIX wieku poczytność tego typu publikacji była również znaczna. Jedną z kobiet, która wydawała tego rodzaju publikacje była Lucyna Ćwierczakiewiczowa, której „365 obiadów za 5 złotych” popularnością przewyższało „Ogniem i mieczem” Henryka Sienkiewicza.
Kultura czytelnicza dziecka ziemiańskiego na przykładzie biblioteki pałacowej w Maluszynie
Authors: Rybka Aleksandra
Published: May 2022

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest pokazanie, w jaki sposób dziecko ziemiańskie, a więc wychowane i ukształtowane w określony sposób, nabyło i realizowało swoją kulturę czytelniczą. Ważne jest również, jak rozbudzano zaciekawienie słowem drukowanym, kształtowano zainteresowania i kompetencje czytelnicze, a także na czym polegał dobór odpowiednich książek dla dzieci.
„Post mortem” – niezwykła moda na fotografię pośmiertną
Authors: Janicka Iwona
Published: May 2022

With the invention of the daguerreotype in 1839 the posthumous paintings previously made for the kings and the aristocracy were ousted by photography. As cameras became better and photos cheaper the popular interest in this kind of memorabilia grew wider. Interestingly enough people wanted to perpetuate not only happy families and important events, but also the dead loved ones, whose image had not been captured during their lifetime. Thus post mortem photography was developed. The most common locations were private homes and professional studios. Photos of this kind fall into four categories: those made at home, showing the deceased in their natural surroundings; pictures that posed the dead as if they had been alive; photos of children with hidden mothers and the last category – of the dead pets, usually dogs. The article using XIXth century photos from Gdańsk and Victorian England describes characteristics of post mortem pictures, methods of “work” with the dead, as well as the motives behind the phenomenon.
Biżuteria patriotyczna przejawem XIX-wiecznej mody czy stosunku do Ojczyzny
Authors: Załęczny Jolanta
Published: May 2022

During the history of Poland jewelry was not only used for decoration, it was one of the means of manifesting patriotic values. The origins of patriotic jewelry goes back to XVIIIth century, during Kościuszko Uprising. Later, patriotic jewelry was an integral part of all subsequent uprisings. By using national symbols it became a way of expressing patriotic feelings and manifesting resistance against government in all Polish Partitions. The notable elements of patriotic jewelry were an eagle, a cross, an anchor, a heart and bows in national colors. In the XIXth century wearing patriotic jewelry were strictly forbidden in all Polish Partitions.
O pilności względem ubioru. Modna panna w świetle XIX-wiecznej literatury poradnikowej
Authors: Raińska Kinga
Published: May 2022

Since ancient times, attention to appearance was for young women an important issue, because it had large influence on their future. Girls that was neat, comely and well dressed had a much better chance to fulfill their life’s mission – become wife and mother. Proper dress, was intended to provide girls well-being, it had to protect diseases, deformation of the body, be one of the positive factors affecting their health. It also had to help them find and keep husband with them. We have to remember that in the nineteenth century, when the goal of life of every young lady was to be a wife and mother, respect for their own health and care for the external appearance were for young women extremely important. The desire to marry stems not only from tradition, but also was a result of vital necessity. In the present era for women only good marriages and property of her husband, were the guarantee of a secure future. The authors of guides offered the girls a wide range of tips on the latest fashion trends. Columnists his attention directed not only for masking or elimination of existing defects in beauty, but also on aspects of preventive maintenance of health, promoting specific patterns of clothes for girls. The suggestions contained in this guides was orienting in some way young ladies, made them realize for what they should pay special attention in daily treatments for a beautiful exterior.
Zakazana miłość jako plama na złotych szatach arystokratycznego rodu („Serce i ręka” J.I. Kraszewski)
Authors: Mazur Karolina
Published: May 2022

The novel contemporary Józef Ignacy Kraszewski's Heart and hand in an interesting way in line with the issues related to the fashion, apparel, and nineteenth-century lifestyle of the aristocracy. Olimpia, the main character in the song, going into a love affair with the music teacher stained the good name of his family. Love nineteen Miss Jaroslaw Nephew was the novel compared to the stain on the golden robes aristocratic family. According to the parents of the heroine only way to wash off her wedding was proud and the rebellious daughter of Zygmunt Dobiński. However feast and destiny triumphs over the marriage of convenience. Olimpia meets beloved during our honeymoon at one of the concerts. Then her life makes sense and is firmly committed to the goal. Zygmunt takes divorce and marries Jaroslaw. In this way the „stain” turns into love pattern on aristocratic robes.
Improving students’ cricket hitting skills using digital test
Authors: Padli Padli , Mardela Romi , Yendrizal Yendrizal
Published: May 2022

This study aims to find out the level of students’ hitting skills and student responses after using ball-hitting skills. This type of research is a mixed method with an explanatory model. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a sample of 30 students who were active and contracted in the cricket courses. Before collecting data, the researcher tested the instrument using reliability and validity tests. Then, data analysis was conducted using quantitative data analysis in the form of linear regression and qualitative data analysis used Miles and Huberman’s method. The findings obtained in the field show that students have the skill to hit the ball and respond well. Other findings also show that there is an effect of student responses to the observations made. This means that there is an influence of the tools used on students’ ball-hitting skills.

Keywords: Student hitting skills, ball-hitting skill gauge, cricket.
The impact of the shift to distance learning on the seven principles of good practices in university education in light of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ahmad Baniomar Khitam
Published: May 2022

Abstract

         This study aimed to know the level of impact of the shift to distance learning on the seven principles of good practices in university education taking the novel coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic into consideration from the viewpoint of students of faculties of education. The research method used for this study was descriptive, a well structured questionnaire was developed for this, which was then administered to 435 students. The results revealed that the level of impact of the shift to distance learning on these principles taking the COVID-19 pandemic into consideration from the standpoint of the students was average. The study also revealed that the impact of the transition to distance learning on these principles, taking the COVID-19 pandemic into consideration due to the variables of academic level, appreciation, devices used in distance learning and software used in distance learning, and that there are differences due to the variable type of university in favour of public universities, was not statistically significant. The study recommendations, most notably the development of a national strategy for the development of distance learning to maintain its sustainability after the end of the corona pandemic.

Keywords: Distance learning, good practices, university education, coronavirus (covid-19) pandemic.
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome
Authors: Deschamps Gabrielle N.
Published: May 2022

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare, multifactorial, multisystem disorder that affects approximately 1/10,000–100,000 newborns. Mutations and/or variants have been identified in seven genes that have been associated with the diagnosis of this disorder. As all of them affect the cohesin complex, CdLS is also referred to as a “transcriptomopathy” or “cohesinopathy.” The phenotype and presentation vary greatly, though there is a classic phenotype that includes a distinctive craniofacial appearance and growth pattern in addition to limb malformations. Because there are multiple overlapping phenotypes with Cornelia de Lange syndrome and other syndromes and sequences, early diagnosis and management of Cornelia de Lange syndrome is imperative. This will enhance the quality of life for individuals with this disorder, as many are now likely to live well into adulthood.
Sexual Exploitation, Abuse and Harassment in the Food Security Sector
Authors: Rohwerder Brigitte
Published: May 2022

Globally food insecurity is rising, especially for women and girls, potentially placing them at increased risk of sexual exploitation and abuse in their attempts to access food. Most of the existing literature focuses on sexual exploitation and abuse than on sexual harassment, and the literature focusing on sexual harassment tended not to specify the organisations involved making it hard to identify if they are in the food security sector. Most of the literature seems to focus on sexual exploitation and abuse relating to food security in humanitarian rather than other settings Sexual exploitation and abuse and sexual harassment is widely underreported across the aid sector and data is not routinely collected indicating whether or not the case relates to food security programming. This report thus aims to discover what is known about the particular risks and incidence of sexual exploitation and abuse and sexual harassment in the food security sector, and what learning is there on effective risk analysis and management. Several recommendations from the literature for food security actors are provided at the end of the report, including suggestions from beneficiaries for measures that could be taken to make food distribution processes safer.
Self-regulation among young people: typologization and modeling
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Political Research of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zubok Yu. A.
Published: May 2022

Книга продолжает серию публикаций, посвященных разработке методологических подходов к социологическому изучению саморегуляции жизнедеятельности молодежи в изменяющейся реальности. В этом издании теоретическая и методологическая разработки механизмов социальной саморегуляции молодых людей дополняются анализом типов и форм их саморегуляционного поведения в различных сферах жизнедеятельности, на основании чего производится моделирование саморегуляционных процессов. Книга предназначена для ученых и практиков: специалистов в области исследований молодежи, организации работы с молодежью, государственной молодежной политики, – а также общественных и политических деятелей. Может служить пособием для изучения социологии, в частности таких её областей, как социология молодежи и социология культуры, и политологии.
José Fernando Lousada Arochena. Las enfermedades profesionales en perspectiva de género
Authors: Núñez-Cortés Contreras Pilar , Núñez-Cortés Contreras Pilar
Published: May 2022

Este artículo reseña: José Fernando Lousada Arochena. Las enfermedades profesionales en perspectiva de género. Bomarzo, Albacete, 2021.
Interação de bebês com objetos técnicos e processos de individuação
Authors: Caetano Sabrina de Oliveira , Impedovo Maria Antonietta , Tebet Gabriela Guarnieri de Campos
Published: May 2022

O artigo explora como os bebês interagem com objetos técnicos de complexidade crescente. O referencial teórico trata do toque e da convergência prospectiva entre objetos e sujeitos. Neste artigo, a questão de pesquisa é: como os bebês interagem com objetos de crescente complexidade tecnológica, ativando uma dimensão material a serviço de sua individuação? Observações foram realizadas na França e no Brasil em creches e em residências de famílias com bebês. É proposta uma metodologia não antropocêntrica - ligando o sistema corpo-ambiente. Alguns episódios serão apresentados para evidenciar como os bebês ativam a dimensão material a serviço de sua individuação, destacando a impossibilidade de separar indivíduo-ambiente.
Resistensi Antibiotik terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli yang Diisolasi dari Ayam Layer di Desa Sesaot Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Agustin Alfiana Laili Dwi , Ningtyas Novarina Sulsia Ista'In , Tirtasari Kunti
Published: May 2022

Resistensi antibiotik saat ini menjadi ancaman terbesar bagi kesehatan masyarakat global, sehingga WHO mengkoordinasi kampanye global untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap antibiotik. Resistensi merupakan kemampuan bakteri untuk menghilangkan ataupun melemahkan daya kerja antibiotik. Munculnya kemampuan bakteri, khususnya Escherichia coli untuk bersifat resisten terhadap penggunaan senyawa antibiotik tentunya menimbulkan masalah yang besar bagi manusia, hewan, dan lingkungan. Kecamatan Narmada yang ada di Lombok Barat merupakan salah satu Kecamatan yang memiliki populasi ternak ayam yang cukup banyak, salah satu penyakit infeksi yang sering meyerang unggas dan diobati menggunakan antibiotik adalah Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengatahui data resistensi antibiotik pada Escherichia coli, data resistensi tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu upaya pencegahan resitensi antibiotik terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli di peternakan ayam layer di desa Sesaot Kabupaten Lombok barat. Jenis penelitian deskriptif. Dengan menggunakan delapan isolat Escherichia coli, diujikan dengan antibiotic Tetracyline, Penicllin G dan Oxytetracyline. Uji resistensi bakteri dilakukan setelah diperoleh hasil dari identifikasi bakteri, bakteri Escherichia coli distreak menggunakan cotton bud dan dioleskan ke media Mueller Hilton Agar (MHA) kemudian disc cakram antibiotik ditempelkan pada media tersebut dan diinkubasi selama 24 jam dengan suhu 37oC pada inkubator. Hasil yang didapatkan dari enam isolat Escherichia coli yang diuji resistensi antibiotik, antibiotik dikategorikan supceptible Tetracycline (0.0%), Penicillin G (0.0%), dan Oxytetracycline (0.0%). Antibiotik dikategorikan intermediet terdiri dari Tetracycline (33.3%), Penicillin G (0.0%), dan Oxytetracycline (0.0%). Kemudian antibiotik dikategorikan resisten terdiri dari Tetracycline (66.6%), Penicillin G (100%), dan Oxytetracycline (100%).
Sensitivity of MCF-7 mammosphere CSCs to neutron radiation
Authors: Shuvatova Valentina G. , Semochkina Yuliya P. , Strepetov Alexander N. , Moskaleva Elizaveta Yu.
Published: May 2022

Aim: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are highly resistant to chemotherapy and γ-irradiation. Neutrons have a high linear energy transfer, which can lead to extensive damage to the DNA of tumor cells and CSCs. The aim of this work was to compare the sensitivity of MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells and CSCs to γ- and γ,n-irradiation. Methods: To increase the number of CSCs, MCF-7 cells were cultured as mammospheres. γ-irradiation was carried out in a GUT-200M device (60Co source) in the dose range of 1-8 Gy at a dose rate of 0.75 Gy/min. γ,n-irradiation was carried out in an IR-8 reactor in the dose range of 0.05-2 Gy at a dose rate of 0.06 Gy/min. DNA DSB formation was assessed by the level of γH2AX foci using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. CSCs were identified by flow cytometry as CD44+/CD24-/low cells. Results: We showed that γ,n-irradiation induced the formation of γH2AX foci of a larger size than did γ-irradiation and led to more severe DNA damage per 1 Gy. Moreover, γ,n-radiation was found to have a high relative biological effectiveness (RBE) as assessed by the cell survival rate, the number of CSCs in culture, and the ability of CSCs to repopulate. The highest RBE of neutron radiation was observed at low doses, when cell survival rate decreased by only 5%-10%. With an increase in the radiation dose, the RBE value decreased for all studied parameters, but it remained as high as 5. Conclusion: γ,n-radiation is highly effective against CSCs. Our results explain the efficacy of neutron therapy for resistant forms of breast cancer.
A simple method that enhances minority species detection in the microbiota: 16S metagenome-DRIP (Deeper Resolution using an Inhibitory Primer)
Authors: Nakajima Aruto , Yoshida Keisuke , Gotoh Aina , Katoh Toshihiko , Ojima Miriam N. , Sakanaka Mikiyasu , Xiao Jin-Zhong , Odamaki Toshitaka , Katayama Takane
Published: May 2022

Aim: 16S rRNA gene-based microbiota analyses (16S metagenomes) using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are widely used to examine the microbial community composition in environmental samples. However, the sequencing capacity of NGS is sometimes insufficient to cover the whole microbial community, especially when analyzing soil and fecal microbiotas. This limitation may have hampered the detection of minority species that potentially affect microbiota formation and structure. Methods: We developed a simple method, termed 16S metagenome-DRIP (Deeper Resolution using an Inhibitory Primer), that not only enhances minority species detection but also increases the accuracy of their abundance estimation. The method relies on the inhibition of normal amplicon formation of the 16S rRNA gene of a target major (abundant) species during the first PCR step. The addition of a biotinylated primer that is complementary to the variable sequence of the V3-V4 region of the target species inhibits a normal amplification process to form an aberrant short amplicon. The fragment is then captured by streptavidin beads for removal from the reaction mixture, and the resulting mixture is utilized for the second PCR with barcode-tag primers. Thus, this method only requires two additional experimental procedures to the conventional 16S metagenome analysis. A proof-of-concept experiment was first conducted using a mock sample consisting of the genomes of 14 bacterial species. Then, the method was applied to infant fecal samples using a Bifidobacterium-specific inhibitory primer (n = 11). Results: As a result, the reads assigned to the family Bifidobacteriaceae decreased on average from 16,657 to 1718 per sample without affecting the total read counts (36,073 and 34,778 per sample for the conventional and DRIP methods, respectively). Furthermore, the minority species detection rate increased with neither affecting Bray-Curtis dissimilarity calculated by omitting the target Bifidobacterium species (median: 0.049) nor changing the relative abundances of the non-target species. While 115 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were unique to the conventional method, 208 ASVs were uniquely detected for the DRIP method. Moreover, the abundance estimation for minority species became more accurate, as revealed thorough comparison with the results of quantitative PCR analysis. Conclusion: The 16S metagenome-DRIP method serves as a useful technique to grasp a deeper and more accurate microbiota composition when combined with conventional 16S metagenome analysis methods.