bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Omadacycline as a Component of Mycobacterium Abscessus Eradication in an Adolescent With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Tucker Mary Kate , Droemer Lee , Condren Michelle
Published: April 2023

Lung damage caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections can be devastating to individuals that are predisposed to chronic respiratory colonization. Cystic fibrosis patients are at increased risk for diminished lung function and increased mortality from NTM pulmonary infections. Treatment regimens are often intense and prolonged. The case described in this report is of a 16-year-old male with cystic fibrosis infected with Mycobacterium abscessus who showed evidence of severe nodular pulmonary disease on chest computerized tomography. His intensive treatment phase was complicated by neutropenia and drug resistance, leading to the use of omadacycline. Because of rapid improvement clinically and on computed tomography, he was successfully treated with a modified, less intense continuation phase that included azithromycin, omadacycline, and inhaled amikacin. The patient also was switched from tezacaftor/ivacaftor to elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor during the course of NTM treatment.
Assessing the English Grammar Proficiency of Online Filipino English Teachers
Authors: Pablo James Michael
Published: April 2023

Recent literatures suggested that the English proficiency of Filipinos has been declining in the past decade. Despite this, several English language schools from countries like China, Japan, and Korea still hire Filipino teachers. Many of their stakeholders still believe that Filipinos are the most cost-effective option for their English language learning compared to their international counterparts. However, due to the expansion of the English language learning industry, competitors have started to challenge the affordability of Filipino teachers with native or native-like English teachers at a reasonable price. This study assessed the English grammar proficiency of 401 Filipino English teachers who are currently teaching online. Results showed that 90% of the respondents did not score more than 75% and that they struggled with basic grammar particularly in the use of verbs and adverbs. If Filipino English teachers want to remain competitive and rebrand themselves, they must undertake a self-analysis of their English skills to find their weak points and undergo a training and development program by themselves or with their current employers.
The Importance of Reading Books in students’ life
Authors: VERO Eskja
Published: April 2023

Books play an important role of a teacher, guide, and friend in our life. Why is it important to read books? Why do students need books? This is the research question we have raised, according to the chairman of the Publishers Association, Petrit Ymeri, which was invited to the UET Forum, in a conversation with students and lecturers at the end of of the 20th edition of the book in Tirana: where he showed the problems facing the book, from VAT to bad translations. One of the concerns raised by UET students in their questions, was the battle of paper book with the digital book and the world of social networks that has involved young people. Concretely, he argued that, “the book is always fashionable, it’s a paper or a digital book, we get it online, download it or not, we read, as Umberto Eco said that we need to flip our eyes when we read on the phone or ipad. The book of paper, continues to be the winner everywhere, because the book of the paper can be re-read. We all know, besides the pleasure we have in our hands, but even when you make a note, you go back to read it again”. (Mapo, 2018). A study published in Social Science & Health shows that reading books has a significant relationship to increase lifespan. A team of public health researchers from Yale University looked at data for 3,635 Americans over age 50 collected from 1992 to 2012. Adjusting for age, sex, race, education, wealth, marital status, and depression they found, that those who read books were more likely to live longer. (Flood, 2016). In this study, we want to measure book readership of students. How many students are currently reading and how to encourage readers of the future? POLIS No. 18, ISSUE 2/ 2019 55 We have compiled a self – questionnaire that measures student involvement with the genre of reading, engagement in fairs, the participation in city libraries, etc. About 80 questionnaires were distributed to see the current situation of students in a Private University (European University of Tirana).
Managing and/or Leading? Exploring the Identity of Unit Coordinators through Two Case Studies
Authors: Loo Daron Benjamin , Lam Aileen Wanli
Published: April 2023

Literature has shown that unit coordinators at universities, who are considered middle managers, occupy a rather ambiguous space. This is because the nature of oversight employed by unit coordinators could be that of managing or leading. These types of oversights, however, may not be easily distinguished. This caveat serves as the basis for this study, which seeks to explore the professional identity of two unit coordinators — Aileen and Daron. Data was collected from reflections written by Aileen and Daron over one academic year (two semesters) about their experiences of oversight of two separate modules.
Revolutionizing Vocabulary Learning
Authors: Tuakia Mohammad Daryono
Published: April 2023

This study explores the potential of Kinetic Typography in enhancing vocabulary mastery in language learning. Traditional methods of vocabulary teaching can be ineffective due to their tedious nature. Kinetic Typography offers an engaging way of presenting vocabulary that can facilitate learners' understanding and retention. The study aims to design Kinetic Typography-based materials for vocabulary mastery and evaluate their effectiveness in improving the English vocabulary of seventh-grade students in Tangerang, Indonesia. The findings can contribute to the development of effective language learning materials that incorporate Kinetic Typography and advance research on its role in language learning. The methodology includes observation, interview, questionnaire, and vocabulary tests, with results analyzed using descriptive statistics. The effectiveness of the material will be evaluated by comparing mean scores of the vocabulary test before and after the treatment activity
Ayuno intermitente y sus efectos en la reducción de peso e indicadores metabólicos en adultos con sobrepeso u obesidad
Authors: Macias Bañuelos Valeria Jamilet , Morales-Rivera Eugenia
Published: April 2023

El ayuno intermitente ha demostrado ser eficaz en la pérdida de peso y en el control metabólico de pacientes con sobrepeso u obesidad, pero no se considera una estrategia ideal para el tratamiento del sobrepeso ni de la obesidad, ya que, al año, su efecto se equipara a los resultados de llevar una dieta hipocalórica convencional. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar, mediante una revisión sistemática, el efecto del ayuno intermitente en la reducción de peso y los indicadores metabólicos en adultos con obesidad. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos EBSCO, PubMed, Scielo y Redalyc de artículos en inglés y en español, publicados entre 2018 y 2022, en los que se aplicara el ayuno intermitente de cualquier tipo, participaran adultos con sobrepeso u obesidad y cuyos efectos se apreciaran en indicadores antropométricos o metabólicos. Como resultado, se encontró que hubo una pérdida de peso de 2 a 5 kg al año (↓5.2 %), se midió la masa libre de grasa, la cual en tres meses se redujo en 2.7 % y, en algunos casos, se reportaron mejoras en los niveles de insulina (↑9.1 %), glucosa (↓1.4 %), aumento de colesterol HDL (↑7 %) y disminución de triglicéridos (↓13 %), así como la disminución de 3.4 mmHg en la presión sistólica.
ENHANCING STUDENT PERFORMANCE IN FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING AT SECONDARY SCHOOL BY USING THE ACTIVITY-BASED METHOD OF TEACHING
Authors: Köprülü Fatma
Published: April 2023

Due to the second-year financial accounting students' subpar performance, this investigation was started. The aforementioned issue is brought on by students' lack of enthusiasm for the study of financial accounting. It was discovered that the issue may be the result of subpar instruction, subpar student learning, and subpar subject interest. Every year, their low performance was repeated. Additionally, some of the students chose the business course because it was required of them by their parents or the school administration. Observing students' behavior in financial accounting lectures and speaking with several of the pupils revealed the issue. Also, their performances in class exercises, class test, assignment and the end of term exams he gave them. The results of the class test showed the following results; 10 students representing 23% scored between 10 to 20 marks and 33 students representing 77% of the total population scored between 0 to 9 marks. The results of the end of first year third term examination showed the following result showed the following results; 0 students (0%) had A1, 3 students (7%) had between B2 and B3, 10 students (22%) had between C4 to C6, 5 students (12%) had D7, 20 students (47%) had E8 and 5 students (12%) had F9. The information gathered above showed that the form two business students of Afua Kobi Ampem Senior High School were performing very poorly in the area of Financial Accounting thus the need for this study.
Investigation of a COVID-19 Cluster in a State Quarantine Facility in Thailand and Prevention Measures for Incoming Travelers
Authors: Jitpeera Charuttaporn , Panjangampatthana Apinya , Insri Chanchanok , Sinor Watcharaphon , Wongsanuphat Suphanat , Srisupap Wallapa , Nittayasoot Natthaprang
Published: April 2023

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) became a global pandemic in 2020. Thailand introduced a mandatory 14-day quarantine at government facilities for all arrivals. On 15 May 2020, the Department of Disease Control received notification concerning ten confirmed COVID-19 cases at a state quarantine center. A joint investigation led by the Department of Disease Control confirmed the diagnoses, identified the source of infection, and assessed the state quarantine’s environment and procedures. The confirmed cases were all on a flight from Pakistan. The attack rate among the passengers was 9%. All had a risk history of COVID-19 infection in Pakistan, such as attending crowded areas and living in an area with a COVID-19 outbreak. On the flight, three possible clusters could be classified using the two-row rule; however, all cases wore a face mask throughout the journey. Transmission was unlikely to have occurred at the quarantine center due to a lack of contact history and appropriate preventive measures in place. This investigation provides insight into the state quarantine practices and shows gaps for improvement, such as using genomic data for cluster identification and developing a COVID-19 questionnaire for use at the quarantine center.
An Outbreak Investigation of COVID-19 among Furniture Factory Workers at Kuala Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Shanmugam Thana Sehgaran , Bakon Sophia Karen , Mohamad Zuraifah Asrah , Perumal Alagi Selvi , Rathakrishnan Kaliaperumal , Nagalingam Tharmarajah , Munisamy Murallitharan
Published: April 2023

On 9 Dec 2020, a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case was reported in Telok Datuk Panglima Garang, Kuala Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia. The findings revealed that the virus originated from a distributing site of a furniture factory, where the index case worked as a lorry driver. The outbreak investigation was conducted by health district officers using a COVID-19 public health risk assessment. We determined the exposure risk of the index case, and close contacts (families, relatives, work colleagues, and segments of the population) that were likely to be infected. One hundred furniture factory workers were screened and five workers, including the index case, were confirmed positive using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Those who tested positive were lorry drivers and lorry attendants who were stationed at loading area A. No workers from the other areas were tested positive, suggesting localized transmission in the factory. The COVID-19 public health risk assessment, isolation of index cases and quarantine of close contacts have enabled effective control measures in preventing further spread and community transmission.
An Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in a Garment Factory near the Thailand–Myanmar Border, Tak Province, Thailand, August–September 2021
Authors: Bo Sein Hlyan , Swaddiwudhipong Witaya , Suphanchaimat Rapeepong , Sujinpram Saran , Sawangpol Chanasan , Srethapranai Vanlaya
Published: April 2023

On 16 Sep 2021, Thailand's Division of Epidemiology, was notified of an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a garment factory in Tak Province. An outbreak investigation was conducted to determine epidemiological characteristics of cases, identify risk factors associated with infection, and recommend appropriate preventive measures. A review of COVID-19 surveillance data and outbreak reports was performed. An active case finding was conducted among the factory workers. We interviewed the manager and workers of the factory and performed an environmental observation and conducted a case-control study. Logistic regression models were employed. Of 242 workers tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 by rapid antigen test kit, 90 (37.2%) were found positive. The attack rate was highest in the sewing department (47.4%) and among female workers (53.8%). The prevalence of asymptomatic infection was 15.6%. One case with pneumonia was found and there were no deaths. Working in the sewing department was a significant risk factor [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–9.79] while mask wearing [adjusted OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.14–0.82] was a protective factor. Overcrowding and poorly ventilated conditions were observed in the workplace. Our investigation confirmed a COVID-19 outbreak in a garment factory. Reorienting the environment and strengthening individual protective measures, such as mandatory mask wearing and physical distancing amongst the workers, are recommended.
An Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreak from Rice, Bangladesh, January 2021
Authors: Jiti Jafrin Jahed , Billah Mallick Masum , Rahman Mahbubur , Hassan Rashedul , Habib Zakir Hossain , Alamgir A.S.M. , Henderson Alden , Shirin Tahmina
Published: April 2023

On 7 Jan 2021, the health manager at Bheramara, Bangladesh, notified the Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Research that 18 people were hospitalized for acute gastrointestinal illness. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to describe the outbreak and identify its source and took actions to contain it. Cases ate lunch after a funeral service on 5 January in Bheramara and had three or more loose stools in 24 hours, and vomiting or abdominal cramps after 5 January. We interviewed attendees with a semi-structured questionnaire. A Food Safety Inspector examined the food preparation areas. Stool and water samples were tested for enteric pathogens. Food-specific-attack rates, risk ratios, and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Common symptoms were diarrhea (94%) and vomiting (42%). The median incubation period was 16 hours (range 7–23). The attack rate of lunch attendees was 62% (72/117) with one death. Attendees who ate the second serving of rice had significantly higher risk of having acute gastrointestinal illness than those who did not (risk ratio 2.59, 95% CI 1.06–6.34). No pathogenic organism was isolated from stool and water samples. We suspected inadequately stored cooked rice was the source of the outbreak. We recommend proper cooking and storage of rice in a clean environment to prevent future outbreaks.
Secondary Human-to-human Transmission of Nipah Virus in an Ambulance, Northwestern Bangladesh, February 2019
Authors: Alam Mohammad Gazi Shah , Billah Mallick Masum , Sharif Ahmad Raihan , Sultana Sharmin , Shano Shahanaj , Rahman Md Kaisar , Islam Ariful , Alamgir A.S.M. , Shirin Tahmina , Flora Meerjady Sabrina
Published: April 2023

Nipah virus (NiV) infection is a zoonotic disease with epidemic potential due to its human-to-human transmission. In Bangladesh, where NiV infection is frequent, NiV spillover from fruit bats to humans usually occurs in winter. This study aimed to describe the magnitude and scope of a NiV outbreak in February 2019, identify the source of infection, and contain the spread of disease. We interviewed the cases’ family members, conducted verbal autopsies, and collected samples for laboratory tests. Five family members reported died from, at the time, an unknown disease. All had fever, altered mental status, vomiting and diarrhea. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed NiV in one person. We suspected secondary transmission occurred when the family traveled with the primary case from their house to the hospital by ambulance. The trip took 8.5 hours and no one wore a face mask or gloves. The secondary attack rate among ambulance travelers was 67%. In this outbreak, NiV was transmitted human-to-human among riders in the ambulance. We recommend that everyone should use protective measures while traveling with suspected NiV infected patients to reduce the risk of transmission. Strengthening the existing Nipah virus surveillance system may generate earlier notification and response to contain further transmission.
An Investigation of Extensively Drug - resistant Tuberculosis: Revealing Potential Improvements for Tuberculosis Control Program
Authors: Wongsanuphat Suphanat , Jitpeera Charuttaporn , Suwanchairob Orathai , Theprongthong Wannisa , Tantiworrawit Patcharin , Thammavijaya Panithee
Published: April 2023

On 31 May 2019, the Division of Epidemiology (DoE) was notified of a confirmed extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) case in Bangkok. The DoE and local teams conducted a joint investigation to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the case, identify possible source cases and contacts, and implement control measures. A descriptive study was performed among cases and close contacts by interviewing and reviewing the medical records using a standard case definition. An environmental study was performed at the case's house, workplaces, and tuberculosis (TB) clinic. The TB drugs were tested to analyze the content of active ingredients and dissolution. The case was a 36-year-old Thai male. In 2011, he was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and had received inappropriate treatment. He developed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) eight months later and XDR-TB in May 2019 with delayed hospital admission. Two possible source cases, both co-workers of the index case, were identified. Of 21 contacts, 13 were screened with a chest x-ray and found to have no abnormality. At the TB-clinic, drugs were stored in a room with inappropriate levels of temperature and humidity; however, the content of active ingredients and dissolution of TB drugs were within normal limits. Early hospital admission and monitoring of drug stockpile environments according to standard guidelines are recommended.
E-LEARNING/M-LEARNING – THE NEW TREND IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
Authors:   Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, Condruz-Bacescu Monica
Published: April 2023

The article deals with the importance of e-learning/m-learning in acquiring a foreign language. As the amount of information that must be accumulated in school/university has increased significantly in recent years, the pupil/student nowadays is moving towards using computers as a means of information in the learning process. The article also presents the advantages and disadvantages of e-learning and some examples of online platforms that offer English courses. A new concept is introduced, namely mobile learning. M-learning is a new method, a relatively new concept in the learning process. M-learning means that learning does not only happen at a desk, nowadays students should have constant access to information no matter the place they are. The conclusion is that e-learning/m-learning cannot completely replace the classical methods of learning, but can facilitate and improve the learning process.
Desde el Tribunal de Honor
Authors: Jurado Golón Ana María
Published: April 2023

La declaración de principios éticos para psicólogos "se refiere al marco moral compartido que guía e inspira a psicólogas y psicólogos de todo el mundo hacia los más elvados ideales éticos en su trabajo profesional y científico".
Reflexión sobre la salud mental en Guatemala,
Authors: Figueroa Briceño Mayra
Published: April 2023

Los problemas que surgen en torno a la salud mental impactan a todas las poblaciones al disminuir su calidad de vida, su capacidad laboral y productividad, que produce grandes costos para el Estado;
Etiologies sociales et conséquences des avortements non-médicalisés : Mécanismes de solutions, une enquête menée à Selembao en République démocratique du Congo
Authors: Massikini Elie Mary-Joe
Published: April 2023

Les avortements non-médicalisés sont des faits sociaux criminels capables d’empêcher l’épanouissement de cette strate sociale composée des jeunes filles. Dans le cadre de cette étude, la méthode dialectique et la technique d’échantillonnage par grappes ou stratifiée où la population cible est répartie en sous-groupe homogène c’est-à-dire exclusivement des jeunes filles (5.609 individus sur la densité démographique de 56.095 de sujets féminins) ont été utilisés dans le but de mieux comprendre ce fléau social dysfonctionnel. La démarche sociologique consiste à chercher les étiologies sociales des avortements non-médicalisés, à analyser les conséquences multiples afin de trouver des orientations thérapeutiques efficaces pour pouvoir protéger cette masse juvénile féminine en pleine perdition totale. Les résultats de cette recherche montrent que les approches préventives sont efficaces y compris la communication intrafamiliale. Aussi, cette enquête de terrain a révélé que la précarité des parents, les influences iatrogènes groupales, l’irresponsabilité parentale, la carence d’une communication intrafamiliale franche concernant la sexualité épanouie, la curiosité perverse, etc. sont des étiologies sociales des avortements non-médicalisés. Mots clés: Avortements non-médicalisés, jeunes filles, préventions, la famille, pauvreté
Construction des situations contextualisés pour les apprentissages en mathématiques à l’école primaire en République Démocratique de Congo
Authors: Muamba Yombo Peter
Published: April 2023

Le présent article est un outil pédagogique dont la construction est décrite de manière pratique sur base de l’approche par les Situations partant des difficultés éprouvées par les apprenants pendant leurs premières années de scolarité. Cet outil qui est un support destiné aux enseignants et chercheurs, montre comment construire suivant différentes étapes des situations d’apprentissage adaptées à leur environnement socioculturel. Mots clés: Situations, approche par les situations, compétences
Le stress au travail chez les agents administratifs dans les Institutions Supérieures et Universitaires de la ville d’Uvira, République démocratique du Congo
Authors:   Section de Santé Publique, Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales d’Uvira, République démocratique du Congo, Bushobole Akiba Derrick
Published: April 2023

L’objet de cette étude est d’analyser la prévalence, l’impact sur le rendement et les problèmes générateurs des stress chez les agents administratifs dans les institutions d’Enseignement Supérieur et Universitaire de la ville et territoire d’Uvira. Elle est une étude descriptive transversale faite chez 86 agents administratifs dans 3 institutions d’enseignement supérieur et universitaire publique d’Uvira sur le 4 que compte la ville, de Mars à novembre 2022. Après analyse, tous les enquêtés affirment être informés sur le stress, et de tous 79% prouve leur bonne connaissance en définissant correctement le stress. La prévalence du stress chez les agents est de 96,4%. De tous, dans l’état de stress 85,4% se disent être très perturbé et ne peuvent donc pas travailler. A 89,2% la production journalière est perturbée par la survenue de stress chez l’agent et la capacité intellectuelle du stressé ne fonctionne pas normalement. Certains facteurs principaux ont été identifiés comme cause des stress chez les agents enquêtés, dont: à 54,2 % Insuffisance du salaire, les mauvaises conditions de travail vient avec 26,6%, les charges liées à la fonction 16,8% et autres. Au vu de ce qui précède, il est important que le gouvernement qui est l’employeur revoie à la hausse les salaires octroyés aux agents administratifs de l’enseignement supérieur et universitaire leur permettant ainsi à répondre aux besoins fondamentaux. Ainsi, aux Comités de Gestion de pouvoir créer un climat de travail favorable et une bonne collaboration et/ou communication entre la hiérarchie et les agents. Mots clés : Stress, conditions de travail, enseignement supérieur et universitaire, République démocratique du Congo
Smartphone Price Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors:   Department of Economics, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Delhi NCR Campus, India., Honey Richard
Published: April 2023

This research aimed to predict smart phone prices using two supervised machine learning algorithms: Decision Tree and Random Forest Regression. Data was collected from the Indian e-Commerce website Flip kart using Python libraries such as Beautiful Soup and Selenium, and was cleaned and pre-processed for analysis. The results showed that the Decision Tree algorithm had an R^2of 89.3%. The Random Forest classifier showed the R^2 value with an accuracy score of 82.8%. The study offers a method for accurately predicting smart phone prices that could be useful to determine the cost of their products and ultimately benefit the entire smart phone market. Key Word: Smartphone, Price Prediction, Machine Learning, Decision Tree, Random Forest Regression.
Fault Diagnosis of Gearbox Using Machine Learning Approach
Authors:   St. Vincent Pallotti College of Engineering and Technology,  Maharashtra, India., Aurangabadkar Ajinkya , Kolhe Saurabh , Shahakar Safalya , Dubey Harsh , Bhandare Shankul , Lanjewar Dr. Pramod
Published: April 2023

Gear box is crucial in industrial processes, enabling adjustments of speed and load conditions to meetoperational needs. As gearboxtechnologyadvances, their capabilities increase, but component failure can result in product losses and maintenance costs. Detecting potential failures before handis essential, and vibration measurementis a proven method for monitoring machine condition and predictinggearboxfaults. This study explores the use of machine learning to develop an automated fault diagnosis system for gear boxes using vibration signals. The performance of the developed model is compared with existing methods to determine the most effective algorithm. This research paper explores the application of machine learning techniques for faultdiagnosis of gear boxes using vibration signals. The study involved collecting vibration data fromgearboxes in both good and defective conditions, under various loading conditions. Statistical features were extracted from the collected data and used to develop a fault identification system. The performance of the developed model was evaluated and compared with existingmethods. The study also aimed to determine the mostsuitablealgorithm for the collected data. Overall, the paper provides insights into the effectiveness of using machine learning approaches for gear box fault diagnosis and identifies the best-performing algorithm for this task. Key Word: Machine Learning, Gearbox, Vibration, Data preprocessing, Algorithms.
Application of Compressive Sensing (CS) to Wide-Band Cognitive Radio signals
Authors: Nagah Mohammed , Mostafa Shimaa , Megahed Mohamed , K. Salama Mohamed
Published: April 2023

Compressive Sensing (CS) is a digital signal processing developed theory that encloses the signal sampling and compression, based on the sparsity characteristics of signal. This can decrease sampling rate, so reduce computational complexity of the system without degrading the performance of the system. This paper describes the theoretical frame and a few key technical, then illustrates the application of compressed sensing theory to wide-band cognitive radio signals. Spectrum sensing is a critical issue in wide-band Cognitive Radio (CR) networks as it faces hard challenges such as high hardware cost, complexity, sampling rate and processing speed. Thus, this paper shows that Compressive Sensing could be exploited in wide-band Cognitive Radio networks to solve the spectrum sensing problems mentioned above.
A reading in the poem Khamriya Abi Nawas "Step away from the neighborhood"
Authors: Barakah Asmaa
Published: April 2023

This research aims to shed light on the manifestations of influence and vulnerability between cultures, and for that it was represented by the example of an Abbasid poetic poem by the poet "Abi Nawas", and worked to highlight the aspects of originality in this literary work while shedding light on the aspects that were affected by these civilizational factors, and how they were manifested in The poet in his poem, and how he interacted and expressed it clearly, despite the collision of what he brought with his religious and literary cultural heritage.
Low-GWP non-flammable alternative refrigerant blends for HFC-134a :
Authors: Domanski Piotr A , McLinden Mark O , Babushok Valeri I , Bell Ian H , Fortin Tara J , Hegetschweiler Michael J , Huber Marcia L , Kedzierski Mark A , Kim Dennis K , Lin Lingnan , Linteris Gregory T , Outcalt Stephanie L , Payne W Vance , Perkins Richard A , Rowane Aaron , Skye Harrison
Published: April 2023

This project addresses the objectives of the Statement of Need number WPSON-17-02 for “No/Low Global Warming Potential Alternatives to Ozone Depleting Refrigerants” issued by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) environmental science and technology program, planned and executed in full partnership with the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The goal of this Statement of Need was to identify low global-warming-potential (GWP), non-flammable refrigerants to replace HFC-134a (GWP = 1300) in military equipment.
Nye perspektiver på udvikling i og af landdistrikterne
Authors: Bjørnshave Noe Egon , Hvarregaard Thorsøe Martin , Mau Pedersen Niels Jørgen , Toft Jensen Henrik , Nørgaard Helle , Kalsø Hansen Høgni , Manniche Jesper
Published: April 2023

Forholdet mellem udviklingen i landdistriktskommunerne og bykommunerne – mellem centre og periferi – får stigende opmærksomhed i den offentlige debat og på de politiske dagsordner. Det har således også været et centralt tema i debatten op til det seneste folketingsvalg.
Fra ekskluderende til inkluderende erhvervspolitik: mod et geografisk og branchemæssigt mere sammenhængende Danmark
Authors: Manniche Jesper , Hansen Teis
Published: April 2023

Artiklen diskuterer mulighederne for at adressere den geografiske skæve erhvervsudvikling, som har kendetegnet Danmark i en årrække, gennem mere helhedsorienterede og stedtilpassede tilgange i erhvervs- og innovationspolitikken. Der er behov for i højere grad at udvikle samspilsrelationer mellem erhvervssektorer og integrere by- og landområderi fælles strategiske erhvervsudviklingsindsatser. Artiklen beskriver først de seneste årtiers erhvervsudvikling med fokus på den geografiske dimension og diskuterer dernæst kritisk hovedlinjerne i Danmarks erhvervspolitik med en særlig opmærksomhed på den seneste reform af erhvervsfremmesystemet i 2018. Den diskuterer, hvorvidt begrebet Foundational Economy kan pege på alternative tilgange og konkluderer, at en mere holistisk erhvervspolitik med fordel kunne inkorporere begrebets lokale udviklingselement. Endelig diskuterer vi mulighederne for en mere inkluderende og holistisk erhvervspolitik med udgangspunkt i planerne om Bornholm som bæredygtig energi-ø.
Landdistrikterne i den kommunale økonomi – afspejles de i økonomiaftaler og udligning?
Authors: Mau Pedersen Niels Jørgen
Published: April 2023

Kommunesektorens og hermed landkommunernes rolle i velfærdssamfundet er vokset. En væsentlig forhandlingsinstitution i den statslige-kommunale styring er årlige økonomiaftaler, som for en 28-årig periode er undersøgt for landdistriktsrelaterede emner. Disse optræder i varierende omfang, men overraskende beskedent i senere år trods mulig potentiel interesse fra stat og kommuner. Fordelingsspørgsmål kan vanskeligt håndteres i økonomiaftalerne, men her er en anden væsentlig økonomisk institution det kommunale tilskuds- og udligningssystem. Dette belyses i tre dimensioner med betydning for landkommuner og via de tre seneste største systemrevisioner i 2007, 2013 og 2021. Adskillige elementer har forbindelse til økonomiske vilkår for landkommuner, som vinder i alle tre ændringer, men primært i 2020-reformen. Landkommunerne tegner sig 2022-niveaumæssigt for ca. halvdelen af den samlede omfordeling fra systemet. Visse af de seneste ændringer i udligningen synes ikke klart fagligt funderede, og i en politik-sammenhæng er der fordele og ulemper ved at søge udligning tænkt sammen med regional udvikling.
Abstracts
Authors: Nørgaard Helle
Published: April 2023

Abstracts
Politisk adfærd langt fra Slotsholmen
Authors: Nyholt Niels
Published: April 2023

Over de seneste 20 år er opbakningen til højrepopulistiske partier polariseret på tværs af land og by. Det gælder også i Danmark, hvor vi har set fremkomsten af ”Det gule Danmark”. Men hvad motiverer dette skift i stemmeadfærden? I denne artikel beskriver jeg de geografiske forskelle i opbakningen til højrepopulistiske partier i Danmark og præsenterer de centrale forklaringsmodeller fra den internationale litteratur. Jeg finder at polariseringen delvist kan tilskrives ændringer i, hvor folk bosætter sig, men også kontekstuelle forhold, som har medført fremkomsten af en landlig bevidsthed, hvor folk føler sig økonomisk-, værdimæssigt- og politisk marginaliseret.
Tidlige indsatser kan øge (alle) børns læring
Authors: Bleses Dorte
Published: April 2023

Der er en betydelig social slagside med hensyn til de børn, der sakker læringsmæssigt bagud tidligt i livet. Det kan få betydning for børnenes senere uddannelsesmuligheder. Undersøgelser peger på, at læringsmiljøet i dagtilbuddene ikke har tilstrækkelig kvalitet til at give alle børn de nødvendig  erfaringsmuligheder for læring. Lodtrækningsforsøg af pædagogiske indsatser i danske dagtilbud dokumenterer, at det er muligt at styrke kvaliteten af læringsmiljøet og børns tidlige læring, uanset børnenes sociale baggrund, selv under hverdagslige vilkår. I partnerskabet ”Vi lærer sammen” undersøges det, hvorvidt det er muligt at opskalere en effektiv pædagogisk indsats og øge alle børns læring. ”Vi lærer sammen” understøtter faste kognitive og socioemotionelle læringsområder, som personalet selv omsætter til en pædagogisk praksis med fokus på rigt sprog og interaktioner i aktiviteter, der er understøttede, engagerende og udviklende for det enkelte barn.
Hvad er konsekvenserne af reduceret uddannelsesstøtte og omlægning til lån?
Authors: Nielsen Arendt Jacob
Published: April 2023

Denne artikel gennemgår evidens for konsekvenser af en reduktion af statens uddannelsesstøtte (SU) samt omlægning af SU til lån. SU-ordningen har to primære formål: At få flere i uddannelse og at øge den sociale mobilitet. Jeg gennemgår to danske effektstudier, der begge understøtter, at SU-ordningen opfylder de to formål. Begge studier er dog foretaget på data af ældre dato, og der er begrænset viden om, hvordan en eventuel erstatning af stipendier med lån kan afbøde effekterne af en reduktion af stipendier. På baggrund af eksisterende viden vurderes det, at der vil være risiko for, at en reduktion af SU-ordningen reducerer andelen af unge med en uddannelse og mindsker den sociale mobilitet, og at omlægning til lån ikke kan afbøde disse effekter. Effekterne fra de danske studier illustreres i et simpelt eksempel. Afslutningsvis fremhæves, at der er behov for diskussion af, hvordan og om en besparelse fra reduktioner af SU kan anvendes bedre.
Social mobilitet i optagelse til videregående uddannelser
Authors: Gandil Mikkel Høst
Published: April 2023

Hvordan påvirkes social mobilitet af optagelsessystemet til videregående uddannelser? Det undersøger jeg ved at simulere effekten af vidtgående ændringer af, hvordan uddannelserne udvælger ansøgere. Jeg viser, at muligheden for at ændre akademikerbørns overrepræsentation på universiteterne er begrænset, såfremt man ikke kan påvirke unges uddannelsesønsker. Fordi optagelsessystemet primært fordeler ansøgere mellem uddannelser, viser jeg samtidig, at casestudier af enkelte uddannelser kan være særdeles vildledende om, hvordan ændrede regler påvirker det samlede optag.
Archaeological Analysis and Concepts of Causality
Authors: Trigger Bruce G.
Published: April 2023

The explanatory power of archaeological data is determined by the kind and degree of regularities in socio-cultural phenomena. This paper discusses current anthropological views that are relevant to prehistoric archaeology with respect to four dimensions of freedom or constraint: the role played by rational calculation, the degree of systemic regularity, the relative importance of deterministic foci, and the degree of systemic integration. It is argued that more attention should be paid to this set of problems as part of a broader effort to establish realistic goals for prehistoric archaeology and appropriate methods for achieving them.
Échange et endogamie : la préférence matrimoniale et sa signification chez les Musulmans bengalis
Authors: Bouez Serge
Published: April 2023

Les Musulmans bengalis sont, pour la plupart, des descendants de convertis d’origine hindoue. De ce fait, la structure de la parenté n’est pas, chez eux, très différente de celle qui prévaut chez leurs voisins hindous d’aujourd’hui : on observe dans les deux cas un modèle cognatique qui produit une parentèle très élargie, excluant d’emblée toute forme de mariage entre cousins, aussi bien parallèles que croisés. On est toutefois surpris de constater, à l’examen de nos matériaux recueillis dans deux villages du Bengale de l’Ouest, que seuls les mariages entre cousins parallèles sont déconsidérés par les Musulmans bengalis. À l’inverse, le mariage avec la cousine croisée matrilatérale est non seulement permis, mais recommandé au nom d’un idéal assez vague d’hypogamie qui en sous-tend la pratique. Cependant, cette formule n’aboutit jamais à la constitution de cycles d’alliance. Celle-ci reste au contraire très dispersée, mais les liens à court terme qu’elle produit sont un facteur d’intégration de la société musulmane bengalie qui se serait sans doute beaucoup plus segmentée si les mariages entre cousins parallèles avaient été la norme. Cette hypothèse trouve une preuve dans la position intermédiaire du mariage avec la cousine croisée patrilatérale qui, tout en créant la même intégration que son homologue matrilatéral, se rapproche de la formule du mariage entre cousins parallèles du point de vue économique : il permet au patrilignage de récupérer à la seconde génération la dot qui, dans ce cas, est la seule prestation pertinente.
Graceful Exits: Spirit Possession as Personal Performance in Mayotte
Authors: Lambek Michael
Published: April 2023

In what ways can spirit possession among the Malagasy speakers of Mayotte (Comoro Islands, East Africa) be said to be a creative performance? Situating trance episodes in the broader life context of the performer enables us to see that style is in large part a product of frame management. A good performer provides a clear and resonant articulation of her identities as character, medium, and person. Such an articulation is examined at two problematic moments—the closing of a possession ceremony and the closing of a career in old age. The focus on exits marks a departure from the epidemiological slant characteristic of much of the literature and provides a novel way of dealing with trance practice in a non-deterministic framework.
Transformations in the Meaning of Unemployment
Authors: Smucker Joseph
Published: April 2023

Over recent years the discourse of government policy-makers on the issue of unemployment has become transformed from a moral problem of social equity and the rights of citizens to an economic cost, necessary for a more efficient economy, useful in controlling inflation. This shift represents one outcome of a continual tension between social equity for the ostensibly free and equal citizen on one hand and preserving the "efficiency" of the economy on the other. The shift in the discussion of these cultural themes by policy makers has had an effect on the perspectives of the larger population.
L’appropriation des principes de flexibilité de la pédagogie universelle : une étude de cas en contexte universitaire Québécois
Authors: Desmarais Marie-Elaine , Rousseau Nadia , Stanke Brigitte
Published: April 2023

En contexte universitaire québécois, la diversification de la population étudiante soulève plusieurs défis (Vagneux & Girard, 2014). L’organisation actuelle des services répond uniquement aux étudiants ayant un diagnostic par la mise en place d’interventions individualisées. La mise en œuvre des principes de flexibilité de la pédagogie universelle apparait comme une piste de solution avantageuse puisqu’elle soutient la prise en compte de cette diversité autrement que par un diagnostic (Orr & Bachman-Hammig, 2009). Cette étude de cas réalisée auprès de professeurs ou de chargés de cours en contexte universitaire québécois vise à mieux comprendre le processus d’appropriation des principes de flexibilité de la pédagogie universelle. Les résultats décrivent cette démarche d’appropriation et ce que les participants comprennent de la pédagogie universelle.
Legal regulation of tax benefits in the taxation of income of individuals transactions with digital rights (cryptocurrencies)
Authors: Titorenko Semen Konstantinovich
Published: April 2023

The author discusses the features of the legal regulation of tax benefits in the taxation of transactions of individuals with digital rights in the Russian Federation. As a result of the study, the author identified a gap in the legal regulation of taxation of digital rights in the Russian Federation, when determining the system of tax benefits for transactions with digital rights. It is necessary to highlight the features of the legal regulation of taxation of income of individuals on transactions with digital rights and determine whether these features are applicable to the legal regulation of taxation of income of individuals on transactions with digital rights in the Russian Federation. The problem is that in the legislation of the Russian Federation there is no legal regulation of taxation of income of individuals on transactions with digital rights, in particular, tax benefits are not established when calculating the tax base of income on transactions with digital rights. The goal of the study is to investigate the experience of foreign legislation and regulatory legal regulation of the Russian Federation and to identify the problems of legal regulation of taxation of income of individuals on transactions of individuals with digital rights. Previously, research in the field of legal regulation of taxation of income of individuals on transactions with digital rights has not been conducted.
Choice of Lane-Changing Point in an Urban Intertunnel Weaving Section Based on Random Forest and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Zhao Chuwei , Zhao Yi , Wang Zhiqi , Ma Jianxiao , Li Minghao
Published: April 2023

Urban intertunnel weaving (UIW) section is a special type of weaving section, where various lane-changing behaviours occur. To gain insight into the lane-changing behaviour in the UIW section, in this paper we attempt to analyse the decision feature and model the behaviour from the lane-changing point selection perspective. Based on field-collected lane-changing trajectory data, the lane-changing behaviours are divided into four types. Random forest method is applied to analyse the influencing factors of choice of lane-changing point. Moreover, a support vector machine model is adopted to perform decision behaviour modelling. Results reveal that there are significant differences in the influencing factors for different lane-changing types and different positions in the UIW segment. The three most important factor types are object vehicle status, current-lane rear vehicle status and target-lane rear vehicle status. The precision of the choice of lane-changing point models is at least 82%. The proposed method could reveal the detailed features of the lane-changing point selection behaviour in the UIW section and also provide a feasible choice of lane-changing point model.
Bachelorstudenters erfaringer med kvalitet i praksisstudier under koronapandemien
Authors: Engan Bjørbu Emilie , Røkholt Gro , Flittie Onstad Ragnhild
Published: April 2023

Koronapandemien aktualiserte utfordringer for gjennomføring av praksisstudier ved helse- og sosialfaglige profesjonsutdanninger på universiteter og høgskoler. Hensikten med denne studien er å undersøke hvilke erfaringer studenter ved helse- og sosialfaglige bachelorutdanninger har med kvalitet i praksisstudier, under koronapandemien. Formålet med studien er å bidra til bevissthet rundt koronapandemiens konsekvenser for studentene og praksisstudiene deres, samt gi innsikt i hvordan lignende situasjoner kan håndteres i fremtiden. Studien har en kvalitativ tilnærming med et beskrivende design. Totalt åtte studenter delte sine erfaringer gjennom digitale intervjuer på Zoom. Funnene viser at studentenes erfaringer varierer og særlig tre temaer var fremtredende i analysen: studentene opplevde utydelige forutsetninger for praksisstudiene, de opplevde å få en endret studiehverdag og de opplevde varierende oppnåelse av læringsutbytte.
Association between Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Guo Yicong , Zhang Yu , Tang Xiangling , Liu Xionghao , Xu Huilan
Published: April 2023

Background

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are currently one of the major causes of pregnancy-related maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies provide evidence that maternal Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms probably play a key role by affecting the biological function of vitamin D in some adverse pregnancy outcomes, while the relationship between the VDR gene polymorphisms and the risk of HDP remains controversial in current studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the association of the VDR gene polymorphisms with HDP susceptibility.

Methods

This meta-analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and a protocol has been registered in the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42022344383) before commencing this review. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched until January 21, 2023. Case-control and cohort studies that reported the association of the VDR gene polymorphisms with HDP were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for non-randomized studies. The odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the five models (allele model, dominant model, recessive model, homozygous model, heterozygous model) were pooled respectively, and subgroup analysis was performed based on ethnicity.

Results

A total of ten studies were included. The VDR gene ApaI polymorphism was associated with HDP susceptibility in the dominant model (OR: 1.38; 95% CI [1.07–1.79]; P = 0.014) and the heterozygote model (OR: 1.48; 95% CI [1.12–1.95]; P = 0.006). In subgroup analysis, the heterozygote model (OR: 2.06; 95% CI [1.21–3.52]; P = 0.008) of the ApaI polymorphism was associated with HDP in Asians, but not in Caucasians.

Conclusion

The VDR gene ApaI polymorphism may be associated with HDP susceptibility. Insufficient evidence to support the existence of ethnic differences in this association.