bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENDAMPINGAN PENYULUH LAPANGAN KELUARGA BERENCANA (PLKB) DALAM VERIFIKASI DAN PELACAKAN FAKTOR DETERMINAN STUNTING-WASTING DI DESA BENGLE
Authors: Simatupang Abdul Malik , Hariyanti Lusiana Pradana , Yanti Wandecha Rahma , Wiboworini Budiyanti
Published: November 2023

Desa Bengle terletak di Kecamatan Wonosamodro merupakan salah satu desa lokus stunting dengan prevalensi stunting berdasarkan E-PPGBM Maret 2023 sebesar 9,23% dan data pendataan keluarga (PK-21) dengan presentasi keluarga berisiko stunting sebesar 6,7%.  Adanya selisih antara data balita stunted dan keluarga berisiko stunting memerlukan solusi yang dapat dilakukan melalui pendampingan PLKB. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu mendampingi PLKB dalam verifikasi dan pelacakan faktor determinan stunting-wasting. Metode yang digunakan yaitu wawancara langsung kepada ibu balita stunting-wasting dengan tahapan prosedur yaitu tahap persiapan dan tahap pelaksanaan. Dalam tahap persiapan dilakukan proses pengumpulan data, memastikan data serta melakukan verifikasi data dari sumber data yang digunakan, selanjutnya pada tahap pelaksanaan balita yang terdeteksi stunting-wasting kemudian dilakukan audit dan pelacakan terhadap faktor determinan stunting-wasting agar dapat dilakukan tindak lanjut yang lebih tepat sesuai akar masalah. Dari kegiatan pendampingan ini didapatkan hasil 2 balita terdiagnosis stunting-wasting dengan faktor determinan dominan yaitu panjang badan lahir, MP-ASI, tinggi badan ibu, pendapatan orang tua dan asupan makan. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah balita yang teridentifikasi stunted berdasarkan indikator TB/U <-2 SD belum dapat dikatakan stunting. Kegiatan ini telah berhasil menetapkan diagnosis stunting-wasting pada 2 balita dan didapatkan hasil faktor determinan yang dominan antara lain panjang badan saat lahir, MP-ASI, tinggi badan ibu, pendapatan orang tua dan asupan makan balita. Saran yang dapat dilakukan setelah kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu kepada pihak PLKB melalui BKKBN dan Dinas Kesehatan secara bersama melakukan verifikasi dan sinkronisasi data balita stunted agar mendapatkan data balita stunting yang valid.
HUBUNGAN KADAR ASAM URAT DAN GLUKOSA DARAH PADA WANITA USIA DEWASA-TUA DI DESA MANDIRAJA WETAN
Authors: Husen Fajar , Ratnaningtyas Nuniek Ina
Published: November 2023

Penyakit degeneratif menjadi salah satu hal yang banyak dijumpai di pedesaan. Prevalensi penyakit degeneratif seperti diabetes, stroke, asam urat dan hipertensi masih terus meningkat setiap tahun. Komplikasi yang muncul dengan tingginya kadar asam urat sangat berhubungan erat dengan hiperurisemia, sehingga penting sekali untuk diketahui dan memonitor kadar asam urat serta glukosa darah agar komplikasi yang mungkin muncul seperti penyakit kardiovaskuler akibat tingginya kadar glukosa darah dan asam urat dapat diminimalisir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara peningkatan kadar asam urat dan glukosa darah dengan wanita usia lanjut. Pengukuran kadar glukosa darah dan asam urat menggunakan EasyTouch GCU-Meter. Metode penelitian dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, dan untuk dapat menentukan hubungan atau korelasi (r) dan koefisien determinasi (R2) digunakan uji pearson correlation dengan menggunakan software SPSS v.27.0. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata usia responden didominasi wanita dewasa-tua usia 51 – 70 tahun, dengan 90% level asam urat diatas 6.0 mg/dL serta level glukosa dalam darah 66.67% diatas 140 mg/dL (44.67% kategori pra-diabetes dan 20% kategori diabetes). Selain itu terdapat hubungan yang kuat (p < 0.05) antara peningkatan level asam urat, glukosa dalam darah serta usia pada responden wanita dewasa-tua, dengan rentang indeks korelasi
КВЕСТ-ЕКСКУРСІЇ З ВІРТУАЛЬНИМ ГІДОМ ЯК ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ПОДІЄВІ ПРОДУКТИ ІНДУСТРІЇ ТУРИЗМУ ТА ГОСТИННОСТІ
Authors: Якименко-Терещенко Наталія , Чайка Тетяна , Яріко Мирослава
Published: November 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню сучасних успішних практик проектування, рекламування та проведення квест-екскурсій із віртуальним гідом; удосконаленню підходів до їх методичного забезпечення та практичної реалізації. Уточнено визначення таких понять, як «квест», «квест-екскурсія», «квест-екскурсія з віртуальним гідом». Проаналізовано сучасні тенденції зміни споживчих переваг у сфері туризму та гостинності. Досліджено перспективи розвитку галузі у відповідь на зміни зовнішнього середовища, а також конкретні приклади представлених на ринку цифрових екскурсійних продуктів. Виділено основні напрями підвищення конкурентоспроможності туристично-екскурсійного бізнесу, що пов'язані із задоволенням споживчих запитів на унікальність, персоніфікацію, гейміфікацію та діджиталізацію споживчого досвіду. Встановлено, що квест-екскурсії з віртуальним гідом є перспективним та затребуваним напрямком екскурсійної діяльності. Суспільна та соціокультурна значимість цифрових екскурсійних продуктів спонукає державу та громадські об'єднання брати участь у фінансуванні відповідних стартапів, що сприяє розвитку даного напряму на його початкових етапах. Проаналізовано характерні риси квест-екскурсій, що відрізняють їх від екскурсійних продуктів інших типів. Зокрема, інтерактивність, подієвість, наявність ігрового та змагального компонентів, безособова участь екскурсовода на етапі проведення квест-екскурсії з віртуальним гідом. Все це визначає певні відмінності методичного забезпечення квест-екскурсій із віртуальним гідом від методичного забезпечення екскурсій традиційного типу. У зв'язку з цим, особливу увагу приділено удосконаленню методичного підходу до проектування та проведення квест-екскурсій із віртуальним гідом. Акцент зроблено на такі проблеми, як: виділення структурних елементів екскурсійного квеста; види квест-завдань екскурсійного квесту; орієнтовні розрахункові параметри квест-екскурсії; міждисциплінарна взаємодія IT-технологій та екскурсійної діяльності; технологія проектування квест-маршрутів із віртуальним гідом; роль екскурсовода у проектуванні та проведенні квест-екскурсій з віртуальним гідом.
Awareness of War and Immunity: Focusing on the case of World War and Joseph Pilates
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Choi Sun-Ah
Published: November 2023

Within the category of power that regulates the human body, there is also an ideological form of knowledge. In the field of research that intensively explored the collective form of humans, interest in the ‘human body’ is increasing. “Sociology of the Body” is recognized as an independent field of sociology that studies society. At the same time as the Western industrialization and modernization process developed, the perception of the human body was transformed together. Humanities medicine is the area that standardizes value problems in relation to diseases and health problems of the human body. In the history of infectious diseases, it can be seen that citizens’ health and disease management have been managed through various policies since early on. The 1918 influenza outbreak was highly contagious and spread to young, healthy adults in their 20s and 30s. Joseph Pilates put forward the motto of “a sound mind in a sound body”. This study aims to study changes in perception of war and immunity. COVID-19 Pandemic Is Increasing Interest In Immunity And Physical Activity And Health And Hygiene Issues. We tried to approach social phenomena with increased interest in health and hygiene issues with a wide spectrum.
A Critical Analysis of the Allied Military Alliance Before and After the Cairo Conference
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Ki Se-Chan
Published: November 2023

This paper tried to critically examine the military alliance between the U.S., Britain, and China through China’s role in the Cairo talks and changes in the Allied strategy against Japan before and after the talks. Immediately after the outbreak of the Pacific War, the national government proposed a military alliance to the West, and a military alliance was signed between the United States, Britain, and China. However, each country had a different view of the Allied military alliance. As a result, the difference in strategy between the US, UK, and Chinese military leaders resulted in Burma being occupied by the Japanese military in a short period of time. Since 1943, as the war has developed in favor of the Allies on the battlefields of Europe and the Pacific, the Allies held Cairo talks for the post-war Asian initiative and the Japan-Japan strategy. Chiang Kai-shek’s participation in the Cairo conference led China to become one of the four major powers. But it was a semi-final in justification, not a real one.
In Tehran, the Allies decided to end the war in Asia after ending the war in Europe first. Of course, the strategy agreed upon by the Allies at the Tehran talks may have been a way to quickly end World War II as a whole. However, this strategy could have a huge negative impact on Eastern Europe and Asia, even if the damage to the Chinese national government was left alone. First of all, in Europe, the Soviet Union advanced to Germany and influenced post-war Eastern Europe, and then in Northeast Asia, the Soviet Union exerted influence over Manchuria rather than other powers, which had a decisive impact on the outcome of the post-war civil war.
Psychoanalytical Study of American Society in the 1920s from the View of F.S. Fitzgerald
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Park Kee-Tae
Published: November 2023

In the 1920s, American society had been already filled with romantic wonder and riches. However, the Materialism that resulted from rapid industrialization ruined universal hopes and ideal values of the American society including American Dream and American Traditional Innocence and so on.
The aim of this thesis is to look into and examine the characters’ social backgrounds in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby with regard to psychoanalytical perspectives, which help us to understand whether the atmosphere of American society was matched or not in the 1920s. Thus, as one way to closely approach these issues, we analyze the states of mind within the characters focused on Freudian and Jungian notion of psychoanalysis theories.
According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. there are three steps(=Id-Ego-Super Ego) that play parts in moral judgment and control within the states of human mind. Therefore, when psychoanalytic theory applies to the characters in The Great Gatsby, we can distinguish them as three groups; Firstly, the main character, Gatsby, who didn’t realize ideal values of American society in the 1920s represents the Ego world. Secondly, an observant bastard Tom and his wife Daisy, Myrtle, and Jordan are in the Id state.
In fact, we are willing to say that Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is his autobiographical work to apprise the corruption of American society at that time he lived. Hence, the reason why Freud’s theory was applied to the characters in The Great Gatsby is to help not only understand many persons’ psychology from the characters of Fitzgerald’s work on American society in the 1920s but also heal those who live in the modern society through the psychoanalytical approach.
Impact of special educational needs provision on hospital utilisation, school attainment and absences for children in English primary schools stratified by gestational age at birth: A target trial emulation study protocol
Authors: Nguyen Vincent , Lewis Kate Marie , Gilbert Ruth , Dearden Lorraine , De Stavola Bianca
Published: November 2023

Introduction One third of children in English primary schools have additional learning support called special educational needs (SEN) provision, but children born preterm are more likely to have SEN than those born at term. We aim to assess the impact of SEN provision on health and education outcomes in children grouped by gestational age at birth. Methods We will analyse linked administrative data for England using the Education and Child Health Insights from Linked Data (ECHILD) database. A target trial emulation approach will be used to specify data extraction from ECHILD, comparisons of interest and our analysis plan. Our target population is all children enrolled in year one of state-funded primary school in England who were born in an NHS hospital in England between 2003 and 2008, grouped by gestational age at birth (extremely preterm (24-<28 weeks), very preterm (28-<32 weeks), moderately preterm (32-<34 weeks), late preterm (34-<37 weeks) and full term (37-<42 weeks). The intervention of interest will comprise categories of SEN provision (including none) during year one (age five/six). The outcomes of interest are rates of unplanned hospital utilisation, educational attainment, and absences by the end of primary school education (year six, age 11). We will triangulate results from complementary estimation methods including the naïve estimator, multivariable regression, g-formula, inverse probability weighting, inverse probability weighting with regression adjustment and instrumental variables, along with a variety for a variety of causal contrasts (average treatment effect, overall, and on the treated/not treated). Ethics and dissemination We have existing research ethics approval for analyses of the ECHILD database described in this protocol. We will disseminate our findings to diverse audiences (academics, relevant government departments, service users and providers) through seminars, peer-reviewed publications, short briefing reports and infographics for non-academics (published on the study website).
Sağlık turizmi ve hemşirelik
Authors: Birbudak Satı , Baykal Ülkü
Published: November 2023

Sağlık Turizmi son yıllarda sağlık sektöründe adından sıkça bahsettiren bir kavram olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Turizm ve sağlık sektörünün ortak buluşma noktası olarak görülmektedir. Sağlık Turizminde uygulamada alt dalları oluşmuştur. Özellikle termal turizm, yaşlı sağlığı turizmi, medikal turizm gibi alt başlıklar yer almaktadır. Tüm bu yeni oluşumlar sağlık ekonomisine olumlu katkılar sağlamaktadır. Bu ekonomik artılar sektörün gelişmesini ve hızla büyümesini sağlamıştır. Gelişim sürecindeki bu ilerleme ile sağlık turizmi mevzuatında ve uygulamada görev ve sorumluluk tanımlamalarını getirmiştir. Uygulayıcılar ile aracı kurum ve kuruluşların sektörde tanımlamaları yapılarak yetki ve sorumlulukları belirlenmektedir. Hemşirelik açısından değerlendirildiğinde mevzuat ve uygulamada henüz tanımlamalar yer almamıştır. Özellikle hemşirelik bakımını ilişkin getirecek mevzuatta boşlukların doldurulması gereklidir. Bu derlemede, sağlık turizmi ve turist sağlığına ilişkin yönetmelikler incelenmiş ve hemşireliğin bu sektördeki yeri ve önemi belirtilmektedir.
Polikistik Over Sendromu Yaşam Kalitesi-50 Ölçeği’nin Türkçe uyarlamasının geçerlik ve güvenirliği
Authors: Koyutürk Gamze , Anaforoğlu Külünkoğlu Bahar
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada kadınlarda polikistik over sendromunun yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkisini belirleyen Polikistik Over Sendromu Yaşam Kalitesi-50 Ölçeğinin geçerlik güvenirliğini sınanması amaçlandı. Yöntem: Polikistik Over Sendromu Yaşam Kalitesi-50 Ölçeğinin psikometrik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi için yapılan metodolojik çalışmaya 250 kişi katıldı. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin fiziksel ve sosyodemografik verileri ile hastalığa özgü bilgileri alındı. Çeviri ve kültürel adaptasyonu yapılan ölçeğin önce kapsam geçerliği değerlendirildi, ardından pilot çalışması yapıldı. Ölçeğin kriter geçerliği için Short Form-36 anketi kullanıldı. Güvenirlik, iç tutarlılık ve test-tekrar test yöntemleriyle belirlendi. Bulgular: Polikistik Over Sendromu Yaşam Kalitesi-50 ölçeğinin iç tutarlılık katsayısı (Cronbach alpha) 0.972, alt boyutlara ait iç tutarlılık katsayılarının ise 0.956 ile 0.977 arasında değişim gösterdiği belirlendi. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda 6 boyutlu bir yapı elde edildi ve faktör yükleri 0.582-0.927 arasında değişim gösterdi. Alt boyutlar psikososyal ve duygusal, doğurganlık, cinsel fonksiyon, obezite ve menstrüel bozukluklar, tüylenme, başa çıkma olarak adlandırıldı. Ayrıca Polikistik Over Sendromu Yaşam Kalitesi-50 Ölçeği ile Short Form-36 ölçeği arasında istatistiksel anlamlı ilişki tespit edildi. Sonuç: Polikistik Over Sendromu Yaşam Kalitesi-50 ölçeğinin, 6 alt boyut ve 50 maddelik Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik ölçütlerini kabul edilebilir düzeyde karşıladığı belirlendi.
The relationship between health sciences students' knowledge of cancer and behavioral styles
Authors: Gençtürk Nuran , Ay Fatma , Madenoğlu Kıvanç Meral
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge of cancer and behavioral styles of health sciences faculty students registered at a state university. Method: The study is cross-sectional and descriptive. The study sample consisted of 1204 students at the Faculty of Health Sciences of a state university in Istanbul during the 2018-2019 fall semester. The Questionnaire Form and Miller Behavioral Style Scale (MBSS) were administered to the students. The data were evaluated using the SPSS package program in the computer environment. Results: The students’ mean age was 20.74±2.603. It was determined that at least one relative of 32.2% of the students had cancer, grandfathers mostly had cancer, and lung cancer was the most common cancer. A statistically significant difference was found upon examining the knowledge of cancer risks and early diagnosis methods of the students with and without a family history of cancer. The mean MBSS score was found to be 6.49±4.085 for students with a family history of cancer, and 5.97±4.092 for students without a family history of cancer. There was a significant difference when statistically comparing the mean MBSS scores of the students with and without a family history of cancer. Conclusion: Students with a family history of cancer were more knowledgeable about cancer risk factors and early diagnosis methods and applied early diagnosis methods such as mammography, clinical breast examination, and endoscopic examinations. Furthermore, the mean MBSS scores of students with a family history of cancer were higher than those without a family history of cancer.
Elit futbol takımındaki sporcuların sıvı tüketim alışkanlıkları ve hidrasyon durumlarının belirlenmesi
Authors: Çilekçi Mestan Hüseyin , Kızıltan Gül
Published: November 2023

Bu çalışma, elit futbol takımında yer alan sporcuların sıvı tüketim alışkanlıklarının ve hidrasyon durumlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma, elit bir spor kulübünde Aralık 2022-Mayıs 2023 tarihleri arasında gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 17 yaş ve üzeri 26 Kadın, 76 Erkek olmak üzere toplam 102 sporcu üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada tüm sporculara, demografik bilgilerini, diyetisyenden danışmanlık alma ve uygulama durumlarını, sıvı tüketimi ile ilgili öneri alma durumlarını ve sıvı tüketimi ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerini, sıvı tüketim alışkanlıklarını, egzersiz/müsabaka öncesi-sırası-sonrası sıvı tüketim alışkanlıklarını saptamak amacıyla oluşturulan anket formu yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile uygulanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan sporcuların antropometrik ölçümleri araştırmacı tarafından ölçülüp kaydedilmiştir. Erkeklerde vücut ağırlığı (72.46 kg), boy uzunluğu (178.41cm), kas kütlesi (63.95 kg), su kütlesi (43.51 kg), su oranı (%60.3) ve yağ oranı (%6.71); kadınlarda vücut ağırlığı (61.05 kg), boy uzunluğu (166.13 cm), kas kütlesi (51.17 kg), su kütlesi (31.53 kg), su oranı (%52.06) ve yağ oranı (%15.48) ortalamaları hesaplanmıştır. Sporcuların %97.1’i etkin bir sıvı alım stratejisine sahip olunması gerektiğini belirtmiştir. Sporcuların %94.1’inin antrenman/müsabaka öncesi içecek tükettiği, %100’ünün antrenman/müsabaka sırasında içecek tükettiği ve %96.1’inin günlük veya antrenman/müsabaka sonrasında içecek tükettiği saptanmıştır. Sporcuların idrar özgül ağırlığı (USG) ölçümleri kadınlarda 1.012±0.005 g/ml, erkeklerde 1.012±0.003 g/ml ve tüm sporcularda 1012±0.004 g/ml olduğu saptanmıştır. Sporcuların antrenmana, müsabakaya yönelik içecek tüketim miktarı ile idrar özgül ağırlığı ölçüm sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında yeterli miktarda sıvı alan sporcuların hidrate olduğu görülmüştür. Kadın sporcuların erkek sporculara göre kahve, enerji içeceği, gazlı içecek ve antrenman sırasında sıvı tüketimi daha fazla bulunmuştur. Cinsiyete göre USG sonuçlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır.
Livestock keeping and consumption in improving nutritional status of 6 to 59 months old children in Kasulu rural households
Authors:   Department of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3006, Morogoro, Tanzania., Stanslaus James , Nyaruhucha Cornelio ,   Department of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3006, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Published: November 2023

Livestock keeping and consumption of Animal Source Foods (ASF) in Kasulu rural households is relatively poor, thus posing a higher risk of under-five children malnutrition. Therefore, the study examined if livestock keeping and consumption contributes to nutritional status among 6 to 59 months old children. A cross-sectional study design was employed involving 413 households using a semi-structured questionnaire to obtain socio-demographic data using a standardized procedure. The study found a strong relationship between livestock ownership, Animal Source Food consumption, and improved nutritional status. Chicken (p = 0.000), goat (p = 0.025), sheep (p = 0.026), and duck (p = 0.000) showed a strong association in terms of consumption. Animals like chicken (p = 0.011), and pigeons (p = 0.000) consumption showed a strong association with being underweight. Pigeon (p = 0.000) consumption showed a strong association with wasting and no animal consumption showed a strong association with stunting. Binary regression showed a higher odd ratio with goat (OR = 2.576, 95%CI: 0.909-4.076) and (OR = 2.915, 95%CI: 0.334-2.055) led to stunting and underweight respectively. The study concludes that livestock keeping and Animal Source Food consumption improve children’s nutritional status and households in the study area. Therefore Kasulu rural households are encouraged to keep more livestock and consume regularly animal-sourced foods. Keywords: Contribution, animal source food, under five, Kasulu rural households.
Insights into technical challenges in the field of microplastic pollution through the lens of early career researchers (ECRs) and a proposed pathway forward
Authors: Danopoulos Evangelos , Stanton Thomas , Ma Yini , Horton Alice A. , Chen Qiqing , Levermore Joseph M. , Li Jiana , McGoran Alexandra R. , Lai Yujian , Nolte Stefanie , Li Ruilong , Alvarez Barrantes Lucrecia , Tu Chen , Beaumont Hazel , Williams Ben , Hartl Mark G. J. , Shi Huahong , Rotchell Jeanette M. , Nel Holly A.
Published: November 2023

Early career researchers (ECR) face a series of challenges related to the inherent difficulties of starting their careers. Microplastic (MP) research is a topical field attracting high numbers of ECRs with diverse backgrounds and expertise from a wealth of disciplines including environmental science, biology, chemistry and ecotoxicology. In this perspective the challenges that could hinder scientific, professional, or personal development are explored, as identified by an international network of ECRs, all employed in MP research, that was formed following a bilateral workshop for scientists based in the UK and China. Discussions amongst the network were grouped into four overarching themes of technical challenges: in the field, in the laboratory, in the post data collection phase, and miscellaneous. The three key areas of representativeness, access to appropriate resources, training, and clean labs, and the use of databases and comparability, as well as the overarching constraint of available time were identified as the source of the majority of challenges. A set of recommendations for pathways forward are proposed based on the principles of research openness, access to information and training, and widening collaborations. ECRs have great capacity to promote research excellence in the field of MPs and elsewhere, when provided with appropriate opportunities and suitable support.
Prevalence and Impact of BRAF mutation in patients with concomitant papillary thyroid carcinoma and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Janicki Lukasz , Patel Agastya , Jendrzejewski Jarosław , Hellmann Andrzej
Published: November 2023

Background

Evidence suggests that patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) are at significantly higher risk of developing papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, the course of PTC in patients with both diseases concomitantly has been found to be more indolent than conventional PTC. Additionally, it has been well proven that BRAF mutation results in an aggressive course of PTC. The aims of this meta-analysis were to identify prevalence of BRAF mutation and its impact on clinicopathological features in patients with concomitant PTC-HT.

Methods

Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched until 16.09.2022, resulting in 227 articles, of which nine studies were included. Summary estimates, comparing patients with (A) BRAF (+) PTC-HT versus BRAF (+) PTC, and (B) BRAF (+) PTC-HT versus BRAF (-) PTC-HT, were generated with Review Manager 5.0.

Results

In total, 6395 patients were included in this review. PTC-HT patients had significantly less BRAF mutation than PTC patients (Odds Ratio (OR) (95% Confidence Interval (CI))=0.45 (0.35-0.58), P<0.001). BRAF (+) PTC-HT patients were significantly more likely to have multifocal lesions (OR (95% CI)=1.22 (1.04-1.44), P=0.01) but less likely to have lymph node metastasis (OR (95% CI)=0.65 (0.46-0.91), P=0.01) and extrathyroidal extension (OR (95% CI)=0.55 (0.32-0.96), P=0.03) compared to BRAF (+) PTC patients. BRAF (+) PTC-HT patients were more likely to have multifocal lesions (OR (95% CI)=0.71 (0.53-0.95), P=0.02), lymph node metastasis (OR (95% CI)=0.59 (0.44-0.78), P<0.001) and extrathyroidal extension (OR (95% CI)=0.72 (0.56-0.92), P=0.01) compared to BRAF (-) PTC-HT patients.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis highlights that the lower prevalence of BRAF mutation in patients with PTC-HT than conventional PTC may explain the indolent clinicopathological course in this cohort.
A multi-taxonomic survey to determine the conservation status of native pollinators
Authors: Schlesinger Matthew D. , White Erin L. , Corser Jeffrey D. , Danforth Bryan N. , Fierke Melissa K. , Greenwood Carmen M. , Hatfield Richard G. , Hietala-Henschell Katie G. , Mawdsley Jonathan R. , McFarland Kent P. , Niver Robyn , Rozen Jerome G. , Van Dyke Maria , Howard Timothy G.
Published: November 2023

The worldwide decline of insects calls for understanding the conservation status of key insect groups at local and regional scales. Pollinators are widely recognized as especially important to native ecosystems and agriculture and their declines have been met with calls for inventory and monitoring. In New York State, we conducted a four-year survey effort to document the distribution and status of key native pollinators in four insect orders: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Lepidoptera. In this paper, we describe the process of designing and implementing the study in the hopes that other jurisdictions could follow a similar model. We combined systematic field inventories, surveys of special habitats, target species surveys, community science observations, and museum and partner data to create a comprehensive look at the distribution of each of 457 species in two time periods (2000 to present and 1999 and earlier). We used the conservation status ranking system developed by NatureServe and generated ranks and a series of distribution maps and phenology charts for each species. We describe the effort needed to carry out the study, as well as reasons for its success and areas for improvement.
Risk factors of local control in adrenal metastases treated by stereotactic body radiation therapy - a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liao Xuehong , Kishi Kazushi , Du Kaixin , Komaki Ritsuko , Mizoe Junetsu , Aikawa Gosuke , Zheng Wei , Pan Chao
Published: November 2023

Purpose

This study is aimed to explore risk factors affect the therapy outcomes of adrenal metastases (AM) for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and guide clinical dose selection.

Methods and materials

PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched in September 22, 2022 in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were used to search for sources of heterogeneity and identify risky outcomes factors. Publication bias test and sensitivity analysis were also conducted.

Results

Thirty-three studies with full text from 2009 to 2022 about AM with SBRT on 1483 patients were included. Pooled 1- and 2-year local control (LC) and overall survival(OS) were 81.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 75.6%-86.5%), 62.8% (95% CI, 53.8%-71.8%), 67.4% (95%CI, 61.8%-73.1%) and 46.5% (95%CI, 40.4%-52.6%), respectively. Biological effective dose (BED, α/β=10Gy) and dose per fraction affected 1-year LC (Qm=23.89, 15.10; P<0.0001, 0.0001). In the range of 60-80Gy (BED10), the group of dose per fraction ≥ 9Gy achieved the excellent 1-year LC (< 9Gy: ≥ 9Gy =78%, 91%; χ2 = 10.16, P = 0.001). Tracking technology significantly affected 1- and 2-year OS (Qm = 5.73, 8.75; P = 0.017, 0.003) and high tracking adoption group showed excellent 1- and 2- year OS (78.7% [95%CI, 68.6%- 88.9%]; and 62.9% [95%CI, 53.1%-72.7%]).

Conclusion

Increasing the dose per fraction appropriately may help control locally AM lesious. Tracking technology might contribute to improve survival of advanced patients with AM. But these results need prospective studies to verify them.
Combined score of Y chromosome loss and T-cell infiltration improves UICC based stratification of esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Raters Verena Maria , Gebauer Florian , Löser Heike , Schröder Wolfgang , Schlösser Hans Anton , Fuchs Hans , Bruns Christiane , Quaas Alexander , Zander Thomas
Published: November 2023

Background

Staging, especially clinical lymph node staging in esophageal adenocarcinoma has only moderate sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, we evaluated combined molecular markers to predict prognosis.

Patients and methods

890 tumor tissue samples were obtained from patients who underwent surgery for esophageal adenocarcinoma with curative intent. These were stained by tissue micro array for 48 markers which are associated with tumorigenesis and correlated with clinical data (TNM-staging, overall survival) by multivariate Cox regression.

Results

Two markers (preserved Y chromosome and high grade of (CD3+) T-cell infiltration) were found to be significantly and independently associated with better overall survival. We formed a score (called CY score) from the two markers. The more markers are positive and thus the higher the score (ranging from 0 to 2), the better the overall survival, independently of UICC. Moreover, we developed a combination score of the UICC and CY score based on cluster analysis. Patients with a UICC stage of III with the presence of both traits (CY=2) can be assigned to a better prognosis group (group II), whereas patients with a UICC stage of I without both traits (CY=0) must be assigned to a worse prognosis group (group II). Therefore, patients in stage I with adverse molecular signature might benefit of multimodal therapy.

Conclusion

In summary, the CY score adds prognostic information to the UICC stage based on tumor biology in esophageal adenocarcinoma and warrants further evaluations in independent clinical cohorts.
Research progress in the role and mechanism of Leucine in regulating animal growth and development
Authors: Rehman Shahab Ur , Ali Rahmat , Zhang Hao , Zafar Muhammad Hammad , Wang Mengzhi
Published: November 2023

Leucine, a branched-chain amino acid, is essential in regulating animal growth and development. Recent research has uncovered the mechanisms underlying Leucine’s anabolic effects on muscle and other tissues, including its ability to stimulate protein synthesis by activating the mTORC1 signaling pathway. The co-ingestion of carbohydrates and essential amino acids enhances Leucine’s anabolic effects. Moreover, Leucine has been shown to benefit lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity, making it a promising strategy for preventing and treating metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and obesity. While emerging evidence indicates that epigenetic mechanisms may mediate Leucine’s effects on growth and development, more research is needed to elucidate its mechanisms of action fully. Specific studies have demonstrated that Leucine promotes muscle growth and metabolic health in animals and humans, making it a promising therapeutic agent. However, it is essential to note that Leucine supplementation may cause digestive issues or interact with certain medications, and More study is required to determine definitively optimal dosages. Therefore, it is important to understand how Leucine interacts with other nutrients, dietary factors, and lifestyle habits to maximize its benefits. Overall, Leucine’s importance in human nutrition is far-reaching, and its potential to prevent muscle loss and enhance athletic performance warrants further investigation.
G6PDH as a key immunometabolic and redox trigger in arthropods
Authors: Moraes Bruno , Martins Renato , Lopes Cintia , Martins Ronald , Arcanjo Angélica , Nascimento Jhenifer , Konnai Satoru , da Silva Vaz Itabajara , Logullo Carlos
Published: November 2023

The enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) plays crucial roles in glucose homeostasis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), being also involved in redox metabolism. The PPP is an important metabolic pathway that produces ribose and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), which are essential for several physiologic and biochemical processes, such as the synthesis of fatty acids and nucleic acids. As a rate-limiting step in PPP, G6PDH is a highly conserved enzyme and its deficiency can lead to severe consequences for the organism, in particular for cell growth. Insufficient G6PDH activity can lead to cell growth arrest, impaired embryonic development, as well as a reduction in insulin sensitivity, inflammation, diabetes, and hypertension. While research on G6PDH and PPP has historically focused on mammalian models, particularly human disorders, recent studies have shed light on the regulation of this enzyme in arthropods, where new functions were discovered. This review will discuss the role of arthropod G6PDH in regulating redox homeostasis and immunometabolism and explore potential avenues for further research on this enzyme in various metabolic adaptations.
Using digital assessment technology to detect neuropsychological problems in primary care settings
Authors: Libon David J. , Matusz Emily Frances , Cosentino Stephanie , Price Catherine C. , Swenson Rod , Vermeulen Meagan , Ginsberg Terrie Beth , Okoli-Umeweni Adaora Obiageli , Powell Leonard , Nagele Robert , Tobyne Sean , Gomes-Osman Joyce Rios , Pascual-Leone Alvaro
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Screening for neurocognitive impairment and psychological distress in ambulatory primary and specialty care medical settings is an increasing necessity. The Core Cognitive Evaluation™ (CCE) is administered/scored using an iPad, requires approximately 8 min, assesses 3- word free recall and clock drawing to command and copy, asks questions about lifestyle and health, and queries for psychological distress. This information is linked with patients’ self- reported concerns about memory and their cardiovascular risks.

Methods

A total of 199 ambulatory patients were screened with the CCE as part of their routine medical care. The CCE provides several summary indices, and scores on 44 individual digital clock variables across command and copy tests conditions.

Results

Subjective memory concerns were endorsed by 41% of participants. Approximately 31% of participants reported psychological distress involving loneliness, anxiety, or depression. Patients with self-reported memory concerns scored lower on a combined delay 3- word/ clock drawing index (p < 0.016), the total summary clock drawing command/ copy score (p < 0.050), and clock drawing to command Drawing Efficiency (p < 0.036) and Simple and Complex Motor (p < 0.029) indices. Patients treated for diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) scored lower on selected CCE outcome measures (p < 0.035). Factor analyses suggest that approximately 10 underlying variables can explain digital clock drawing performance.

Discussion

The CCE is a powerful neurocognitive assessment tool that is sensitive to patient’s subjective concerns about possible decline in memory, mood symptoms, possible cognitive impairment, and cardiovascular risk. iPad administration ensures total reliability for test administration and scoring. The CCE is easily deployable in outpatient ambulatory primary care settings.
Internalization of negative societal views on old age into self-perceptions of aging: exploring factors associated with self-directed ageism
Authors: Ishikawa Motoko
Published: November 2023

Introduction

A growing number of research has provided evidence for the negative impact of ageism on older people’s health and well-being. Among the three different manifestations of ageism, namely institutional, interpersonal and self-directed ageism, significant ageism-health associations have been proved to be strongest for self-directed ageism. This supports stereotype embodiment theory, which maintains that lifetime exposure to negative age stereotypes leads to the internalization of ageism as a form of negative attitudes towards own aging and it adversely affects health and well-being in old age. However, little is known about how people internalize negative age stereotypes held in the society into self-perceptions of aging.

Methods

This study aimed to explore how socially shared beliefs about old age are internalized into self-perceptions of aging focusing on uncovering factors related to self-directed ageism. Data were derived from the survey that had examined citizen’s attitudes towards old age and aging in Finland. Multinominal logistic regression models were performed to examine the association of sociodemographic and contextual factors with different combinations of societal age stereotypes and two indicators of self-perceptions of aging: subjective views on old age and personal feelings of own old age.

Results

The analyses showed that being female, attaining tertiary education, evaluating poor quality of life and awareness of institutional old age discrimination were related to holding negative views on aging towards both society and oneself.

Discussion

The findings from univariate and multivariate models suggest that it is not age per se, but structural and cultural circumstances shaped with growing older that turns socially shared negative age stereotypes into negative self-perceptions of aging. Even though the study addressed situations in one country, the findings have an important implication for other rapidly aging societies regarding how social and cultural contexts are closely linked to the formation of self-directed ageism.
Experimental Investigation on Flow Control over a Circular Cylinder Using Antiphase Pulsed Jets
Authors: Pan Jiaxin , Wang Wanbo , Wang Xunnian , Li Chaoqun , Zhao Xinhai , Tang Kun
Published: November 2023

To investigate the flow control characteristics of antiphase pulsed jet technology and explore a more efficient method to control unsteady flow with minimal impact on flow turbulence, wind tunnel experiments were conducted. The aim was to address the issue of flow separation control on the surface of a cylindrical model. The model had a diameter of 100 mm, and an experimental setup utilizing an antiphase pulsed jet excitation was developed. The optimisation of unsteady jet control involved adjusting parameters such as jet momentum coefficient, slot position, and excitation frequency. The flow separation control effect on the cylinder surface was compared between in-phase and antiphase pulsed jet using a particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. The mechanisms of flow control for these two methods were analysed. The results showed that in still air, increasing the jet momentum led to a gradual decrease in the high-velocity region, which also moved away from the wall. Under incoming flow conditions, positioning the slot closer to the separation point resulted in better flow separation control, particularly when the excitation frequency matched the main flow frequency. Both in-phase and antiphase pulsed jet excitations effectively suppressed flow separation. In the near-wall region within the symmetric plane between the two slots, the antiphase excitation reduced the root mean square of velocity fluctuations by approximately 1.9% and increased the average velocity by approximately 15.5% compared to in-phase pulsed jet excitation. In-phase pulsed jets exhibited low-frequency, high-velocity characteristics near the separation point, while antiphase pulsed jets, due to the alternating discharge of the two jets, had a lesser impact on the flow field turbulence.
Influence of Chemical Composition and Degree of Fragmentation of Millet Grain on Confused Flour Beetle (Tribolium confusum Duv.) Infestation
Authors: Ludwiczak Emilia , Nietupski Mariusz , Laszczak-Dawid Agnieszka , Gabryś Beata , Kordan Bożena , Purwin Cezary
Published: November 2023

Owing to its wealth of nutritional values and low cultivation requirements, millet can become a key crop in global food systems. Thus, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) declared that 2023 is the International Year of Millet. The introduction of this cereal and its products into universal food circulation calls for a multidimensional approach, which would also consider threats posed by pests during the storage of cereal kernels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum Duv.) on common millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) and products obtained from this cereal, and to analyze the factors which influence its development (chemical composition of kernels, degree of their fragmentation). The study was conducted under laboratory conditions in an environmental test chamber (temperature 30 °C, humidity 70%, light—complete darkness). Millet grains of the Jagna cultivar and its products were weighed at 20 g, placed in vinidur dishes, and 10 beetles were then placed on the prepared material. The experiment demonstrated that the millet grain and food products obtained from this grain (millet flour, flakes, groats) could be a suitable habitat for the development of the confused flour beetle. The key regulator for the development of this pest insect is the degree of fragmentation of the infested material. The millet grain and millet products (except millet flour) are characterized by less numerous developments of beetle progeny than wheat products, which could be another advantage of millet in an integrated international system of grain storage. Chemical analysis also showed a significant correlation between the abundance of offspring generation and the content of crude fat (especially linoleic acid—C 18:2). Knowledge of the resistance or susceptibility of millet to storage pests may be useful in implementing integrated principles of protection of stored products against pests.
Automated Counting of Tobacco Plants Using Multispectral UAV Data
Authors: Lin Hong , Chen Zhuqun , Qiang Zhenping , Tang Su-Kit , Liu Lin , Pau Giovanni
Published: November 2023

Plant counting is an important part in precision agriculture (PA). The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) becomes popular in agriculture because it can capture data with higher spatiotemporal resolution. When it is equipped with multispectral sensors, more meaningful multispectral data is obtained for plants’ analysis. After tobacco seedlings are raised, they are transplanted into the field. The counting of tobacco plant stands in the field is important for monitoring the transplant survival rate, growth situation, and yield estimation. In this work, we adopt the object detection (OD) method of deep learning to automatically count the plants with multispectral images. For utilizing the advanced YOLOv8 network, we modified the architecture of the network to adapt to the different band combinations and conducted extensive data pre-processing work. The Red + Green + NIR combination obtains the best detection results, which reveal that using a specific band or band combinations can obtain better results than using the traditional RGB images. For making our method more practical, we designed an algorithm that can handling the image of a whole plot, which is required to be watched. The counting accuracy is as high as 99.53%. The UAV, multispectral data combined with the powerful deep learning methods show promising prospective in PA.
Effect of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on the Growth, Yield, and Irrigation Water Productivity of Processing Tomatoes under Drip Irrigation and Mulching
Authors: Xu Jing , Wan Wenliang , Zhu Xiaoling , Zhao Yanhui , Chai Yaqian , Guan Sihui , Diao Ming
Published: November 2023

The application of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies with high water-saving effects for processing tomatoes is an important current research trend. In this study, we aimed to reveal the patterns of growth, yield, and irrigation water productivity (WPI) in response to the water deficit in processing tomatoes under drip irrigation and plastic mulching in Xinjiang. To determine a more precise irrigation regime, various degrees of RDI treatments were applied to processing tomatoes in 2022 and 2023. A total of five water gradients were set up: RI (Regular Irrigation; 4500 m3/ha), W1 (4185 m3/ha), W2 (3870 m3/ha), W3 (3555 m3/ha), and W4 (3240 m3/ha). The results revealed that under RI, the yield and irrigation water productivity were 142 t/ha and 31.49 kg/m3, respectively. Compared with RI, W1 exhibited an increase in yield and irrigation water productivity of 12.13% and 22.39%, respectively; however, other treatments exhibited a decrease. The main reasons for the increase in yield under the W1 treatment were: the W1 treatment, improved photosynthetic performance, increased dry matter accumulation, and improved soil moisture conditions, thus promoting plant growth and development. In addition, in terms of water regulation at various fertility stages, moderate water deficiency at the seedling stage (S), flowering stage (F), and maturity stage (M) and rewatering at the fruit expansion stage (E) were more conducive to optimizing the yield structure. In conclusion, considering plant growth status, dry matter accumulation, yield, and WPI, we suggested that the W1 treatment is the optimal RDI mode most suitable for drip irrigation under mulching for processing tomatoes in Xinjiang. This study provided a theoretical and technical basis for the promotion of “water-saving and efficiency-enhancing” production of processing tomatoes.