bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İmparatorluk Çağında Osmanlı Mezhepler Tarihi Yazıcılığı
Authors: Öğe Furkan Ramazan
Published: February 2025

Ottoman Sects Historiography in the Age of EmpirernThe primary literature on the history of Islamic sects consists of works such as maqāla, firaq, and milal-nihal. Through these works, the authors expressed their views on the sects both in their own time and past. They generally did this through a sect template. Different sect traditions have emerged according to the form and content of the template. The most famous among these is the Ashʿarī and the Eastern Hanafī sect tradition. Although their knowledge value is open to debate, the classifications of sects in these traditions are the most fundamental source of information in the history of Islamic sects. In this context, the subject of this study is to determine and examine the classifications of sects written by Ottoman scholars who lived in the Ottoman geography in the 15th and 16th centuries, either independently or by allocating a place in their work. In other words, the reflection of the historical literature of sects in the classical period on the Ottoman Empire was tried to be revealed. Accordingly, the classification of nine authors and thirteen sects determined to have lived in the mentioned century was examined. It is not certain that all of these thirteen classifications belong to their authors. Among them, seven are certain and six are doubtful. In this study, which aims to reveal the literature in this period when authenticity was a serious problem, inferences were made about the historiography of Ottoman sects by comparing the classifications of sects in the texts with the past. In the aforementioned historiography, which follows both the Eastern Hanafī and Ashʿarī sect tradition, the authors were most influenced by Abū Mutīʿ (d. 318/930) in the Eastern Hanafī, on the other hand, al-Shahristānī (d. 548/1153) and mostly al-Āmidī (d. 631/1233), in the Ashʿarī tradition. When it comes to the content of the classifications, the texts in the Eastern Hanafī tradition acted more protectively. They adopted the attitude of transferring the text that reached them as it is, while the authors of the Ashʿarī tradition tried new classifications. Although it is accepted that there was some writing in Ottoman sectarian history, it does not seem easy to speak of a strong writing similar to that of the early period.rnKeywords: History of Islamic Sects; Ottoman; Eastern Hanafita; Firaq; 73 Fıraq; Classification of Sects
Müslümanların Hayatında Kayıp Din İslam
Authors: Hacımustafaoğlu Faysal
Published: February 2025

Islam, the Lost Religion in the Lives of MuslimsrnThe state of disarray in the Islamic world is due to the fact that after believing in Allah, we do not stand by His commands, we stand neutral and even against them… This situation has raised two important issues. Firstly, due to the blindness and deafness to the Ahkām al-Dīnah, which is related to life, the Muslims’ perception of religion has become distorted. Because religion, which is separated from life, has no place left for it other than minds and temples. By forcing religion to remain in a mystical sphere, Muslims have fallen far away from the sacred goal… Secondly, the concepts of the obligations of Muslims towards eachother and life have become ineffective. The concept of Islamic brotherhood and the concept of the Ummah have lost their relevance in practical life, and the Divine principles that define the nature of the relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims and many other concepts have become impossible to produce benefit. The work of our inability to surrender to Allah and His religion is there. One only has to look at the Islamic geography for confirmation… In its most explicit and daring form, this book seeks to answer the question: surrender to Allah or surrender to Allah’s religion? Every one of us has the right to ask these questions as the Islamic world continues to live a life that harbors gigantic contradictions with the social goals of Islam. Because our lives give us the answer to which religious understanding we have decided on. Then the paths lead either to Allah or to the fifty-two-peaked Olympus, which hides the houses of gods and the tombs of gods that have been turned into temples. The god that those who thumb their noses at the commands of the Creator claim to believe in may be a little less or a little more than the sum total of the gods of Olympus. But it is clearly not the religion and belief in God that the Qur’an describes…rnKeywords: Islam, Muslim, Religion, Bidat, Hurafa
“The Provincetown Players and the Federal Theatre: The Essay Susan Glaspell Never Wrote”
Authors: Hernando-Real Noelia
Published: February 2025

Susan Glaspell directed the Midwestern Play Bureau from September 1936 to April 1938. Glaspell, an experienced playwright and fiction writer, confided that she hesitated when Hallie Flanagan invited her to take over this work, but eventually accepted. Having been a foundational part of the Provincetown Players, the little theatre that had redirected the route of modern American drama in the 1910s and 1920s, Glaspell recognized in the FTP another milestone in American theatre history. This essay takes up Glaspell biographers’ suggestion that Glaspell possibly saw in the FTP an opportunity to continue the legacy of the Provincetown Players. Now based on unpublished notes Glaspell wrote, this paper examines the many parallels between the Provincetown Players and the FTP, with a special emphasis on the similarities Glaspell found between Jig Cook and Hallie Flanagan, which prompted her to accept Flanagan’s proposal, as well as on Glaspell’s role within both organizations.
Black Theatre, Archives and the Federal Theatre Project
Authors: Dossett Kate
Published: February 2025

This essay examines the history of the Federal Theatre archive and how it has shaped scholarly research on Federal Theatre dramas. In particular it explores how race and gender hierarchies inform the knowledge produced about the Federal Theatre, influencing both what is collected and how scholars and theatre practitioners’ approach archives of dramatic literature and theatre. It argues that we need to find new ways to read the archive if we are to understand the history and significance of the FTP for African Americans and for women. Too often we turn to the most accessible archives, attempting to read “against the grain” in archives that privilege the experiences and narratives of white subjects. This chapter argues that we need first to move “along the grain,” to understand how and in what contexts the archive becomes a knowledge producer, and how this has shaped the cumulative processes of cultural production from the 1930s to the present.
НАЦІОНАЛЬНА ІДЕЯ ЯК ОСНОВА ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ МІФОЛОГІЇ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Ковалевська Тетяна
Published: February 2025

У статті здійснено системний аналіз української національної ідеї як фундаментального чинника політичної міфології України. Досліджено концептуальні підходи до визначення національної ідеї, її структурні характеристики та функціональне значення в суспільно-політичних процесах.  Визначено роль національної ідеї у формуванні колективної ідентичності, мобілізації суспільства, забезпеченні його консолідації в умовах внутрішніх трансформацій та зовнішніх викликів. Особливу увагу приділено механізмам міфологізації національної ідеї, її відображенню в політичній комунікації, ідеологічних конструктах, інформаційних кампаніях та цифровому просторі. Розглянуто вплив політичної міфотворчості на наративну структуру національної ідеї, її адаптацію до історичних і соціокультурних контекстів. Здійснено критичний аналіз класичних концепцій української національної ідеї, представлених у працях М. Драгоманова, Д. Донцова, В. Липинського, М. Грушевського, М. Міхновського, та сучасних досліджень цієї проблематики. Виокремлено основні підходи до визначення української національної ідеї, зокрема державницький, аксіологічний, консолідуючий та європоцентричний. Визначено, що ці підходи не є взаємовиключними, а, навпаки, взаємодоповнюють один одного, що зумовлює багатовекторний характер української національної ідеї. Окремий акцент зроблено на трансформації української національної ідеї в умовах війни з росією. Розглянуто процес її міфологізації як мобілізаційного чинника, що формує героїчні наративи, укріплює національну ідентичність і сприяє згуртуванню суспільства перед загрозами зовнішньої агресії. Зроблено висновок, що українська національна ідея є динамічним концептом, який адаптується до змінних історичних обставин, виконує інтеграційну та мобілізаційну функції та залишається ключовим елементом політичної міфології України. Перспективним напрямом подальших досліджень визначено розробку теоретичних засад універсальної моделі української національної ідеї, здатної забезпечити цілісність політичної нації та ефективно реагувати на виклики глобалізованого світу.
Proposal for a New Bassendean Reference Soil in Western Australia
Authors: TURNER BENJAMIN L , LALIBERTÉ ETIENNE
Published: February 2025

Soils on the Lower Pleistocene Bassendean sands of the Swan Coastal Plain of Western Australia are among the most infertile in the world, but support plant communities of remarkable diversity. Following detailed studies of soil chronosequences in the Perth region, the current Bassendean reference soil near Yalgorup National Park appears to be on a Middle Pleistocene Spearwood dune, rather than a Lower Pleistocene Bassendean dune. This assessment is based on the bright yellow subsoil, rather than the bleached quartz sand that characterises soils on Bassendean sand. We therefore propose a new location for the Bassendean reference soil, on Lower Pleistocene dunes in the Yeal Nature Reserve north of Perth. The site forms part of the Guilderton soil chronosequence and the extensive Bassendean dunes in this region retain a distinct dune morphology. The proposed reference soil consists of many metres of medium and coarse-grained bleached quartz sand with extremely low total P concentrations (<3 g P m-2 in the upper metre). The profile provides an exemplary Bassendean soil suitable for the regional reference, and demonstrates the consequences of long-term pedogenesis on the Swan Coastal Plain.
Kesejahteraan Psikologis Karyawan Dalam Interaksi Aktif Dengan Konsumen Pada PT. Property Group Jln. Tb Simatupang Blok B30, Medan, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Rina Octaviana  , Sagala Rikayanti
Published: February 2025

This activity aims to identify factors that affect employee psychological well-being in active interaction with consumers and provide strategic recommendations to improve the quality of consumer service. The results of the study indicate that employees experience stress, fatigue, and emotional distress due to intensive consumer interaction. Other factors such as work environment, organizational communication, and social support also affect employee psychological well-being. In conclusion, this report presents strategic recommendations to improve employee psychological well-being and the quality of consumer service at PT. Property Group, including: (1) stress management training, (2) improving the work environment, (3) improving organizational communication, and (4) social support programs. These recommendations are expected to help PT. Property Group improve the quality of consumer service and improve the psychological well-being of its employees.
Développement et mises à l’essai d’un outil numérique d’autorégulation en correction textuelle auprès d’élèves de 5e secondaire
Authors: Beaudoin Alexandra
Published: February 2025

Cette recherche-développement vise à répondre à un besoin identifié par un enseignant de français dans le cadre de sa pratique : aider ses élèves à commettre moins de méprises rédactionnelles dans leurs productions écrites (syntaxe, ponctuation, orthographes lexicale et grammaticale). L’objectif de cette recherche est de concevoir et mettre à l’essai un outil numérique d’autorégulation en correction textuelle auprès d’élèves de 5e secondaire. La recherche s’appuie sur l’approche méthodologique de la recherche-développement avec un devis qualitatif. L’outil développé a été mis à l’essai à quatre reprises auprès de trois classes de 5e secondaire (79 élèves) et de leur enseignant. Les mises à l’essai ont permis de recueillir les observations des participant·e·s afin d’améliorer l’outil in situ. Les données analysées permettent de dégager les caractéristiques essentielles de l’outil développé et d’identifier des constats généraux en lien avec la démarche de développement.
Designing a dissected teaching method in the professional education of cadets of educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Kandabar Aleksandr Nikolaevich
Published: February 2025

The object of the research is the professional physical training of cadets in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The subject is the indicators of readiness of cadets. The purpose of the study is to identify the effectiveness of using the dissected teaching method and the developed summing exercises at the initial stage of training in physical training classes, as well as the optimization of educational process in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. In the course of this study, the following tasks were solved with the cadets: – to prove the effectiveness of the use of the dissected teaching method and the developed summing exercises in physical training classes in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia; – to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed exercises and the impact on the technical readiness of cadets. To achieve those goals, the following research methods were used: pedagogical observation, pedagogical testing and methods of mathematical statistics. The main conclusions of the study are: the use of a dissected method and developed multifunctional complexes of summing exercises helps to improve professional skills, as well as technical and tactical readiness of students in physical training classes; a training session on detention techniques should include both general development preparatory exercises and special preparatory exercises to develop and improve cadets' physical qualities, psychological stability, courage, determination, technical and tactical skills. The professional training of law enforcement officers places high demands on physical fitness. Physical fitness is one of the factors that have a significant impact on the effectiveness of performing professional tasks by police officers. The obtained results of the conducted research can be implemented in the educational process of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. These studies are of practical importance. The scientific novelty of the research is the multifunctional complexes of summing exercises developed by the author.
Um porto em quatro tempos: Salvador e as dinâmicas de acumulação de capital
Authors: Pinho José Ricardo Moreno
Published: February 2025

A obra compara as dinâmicas de transformação do porto de Salvador com as mudanças das formas de acumulação de capital, seus arranjos e sua hegemonia. Trata-se de um estudo acerca das mudanças legais, da relação entre o estado e os privados, das mudanças físicas no porto e na estrutura urbana do seu entorno.
Opportunity makes a hub or a leader
Authors: Slak Rupnik Marjan
Published: February 2025

Functional subpopulations of β-cells emerge to control pulsative insulin secretion in the pancreatic islets of mice through calcium oscillations.
SERBP1 interacts with PARP1 and is present in PARylation-dependent protein complexes regulating splicing, cell division, and ribosome biogenesis
Authors: Breunig Kira , Lei Xuifen , Montalbano Mauro , Guardia Gabriela DA , Ostadrahimi Shiva , Alers Victoria , Kosti Adam , Chiou Jennifer , Klein Nicole , Vinarov Corina , Wang Lily , Li Mujia , Song Weidan , Kraus W Lee , Libich David S , Tiziani Stefano , Weintraub Susan T , Galante Pedro AF , Penalva Luiz O
Published: February 2025

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) containing intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are present in diverse molecular complexes where they function as dynamic regulators. Their characteristics promote liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and the formation of membraneless organelles such as stress granules and nucleoli. IDR-RBPs are particularly relevant in the nervous system and their dysfunction is associated with neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumor development. Serpine1 mRNA-binding protein 1 (SERBP1) is a unique member of this group, being mostly disordered and lacking canonical RNA-binding domains. We defined SERBP1’s interactome, uncovered novel roles in splicing, cell division and ribosomal biogenesis, and showed its participation in pathological stress granules and Tau aggregates in Alzheimer’s brains. SERBP1 preferentially interacts with other G-quadruplex (G4) binders, implicated in different stages of gene expression, suggesting that G4 binding is a critical component of SERBP1 function in different settings. Similarly, we identified important associations between SERBP1 and PARP1/polyADP-ribosylation (PARylation). SERBP1 interacts with PARP1 and its associated factors and influences PARylation. Moreover, protein complexes in which SERBP1 participates contain mostly PARylated proteins and PAR binders. Based on these results, we propose a feedback regulatory model in which SERBP1 influences PARP1 function and PARylation, while PARylation modulates SERBP1 functions and participation in regulatory complexes.
Silicon mitigates the adverse effects of drought on Lolium perenne physiological, morphometric and anatomical characters
Authors: Mastalerczuk Grażyna , Borawska-Jarmułowicz Barbara , Sujkowska-Rybkowska Marzena , Bederska-Błaszczyk Magdalena , Borucki Wojciech , Dąbrowski Piotr
Published: February 2025

Limited water resources and natural drought may result in reduced water availability for the population’s needs and the maintenance of the proper vegetation condition. Understanding the impact of drought on turfgrass species is essential to developing strategies that enhance the adaptability of plants to drought stress. It is vital for maintaining green areas in cities under changing climatic conditions. Therefore, studies on the ability of turfgrasses to recover after periods of drought without irrigation are becoming increasingly essential. We conducted research to determine the possibility of reducing the negative impact of drought stress on the photosynthetic efficiency, the morphometric features of plant shoots and roots, and the distribution of biomass of Lolium perenne lawn cultivars in the initial period of growth by applying biostimulant with silicon. We also investigated how drought and silicon (Si) application affect the leaf and root anatomical structure of L. perenne plants. Studies on the influence of drought on the physiological, biometric parameters and anatomical characteristics of two L. perenne cultivars were carried out under two levels of soil moisture (well-watered plants—control and drought caused by the cessation of watering) and also two variants of Si application (with and without Si application). Plants were exposed to drought in the tillering phase for 21 days. After this time, all plants were provided with optimal soil moisture conditions for the next 14 days (recovery period). Measurements of physiological parameters and biometric features of plants were evaluated in four terms: after 7, 14 and 21 days of drought and after recovery. Drought stress in L. perenne cvs. resulted in decreasing values of physiological parameters, especially maximal fluorescence, the quantum efficiency of photosystem II and photosynthetic electron transport rate compared with the values of features in well-watered plants. These adverse impacts were reflected in decreased biomass-related traits: shoot number, shoots and roots biomass, as well as area and length of roots. The application of Si reduced the detrimental effects of drought by accelerating plant growth after stress and increasing the values of most of the investigated physiological parameters. Under drought stress conditions, Si application led to the development of two-cell-layer exodermis, which reduced the water losses in L. perenne roots and shoots and, as a result, improved the drought tolerance of plants.
Evaluation of Constraints to Women Participation in Agricultural Grant Funded by SEEFOR in Delta and Rivers States, Nigeria
Authors: U. G. Okorie, , U. N. Akwiwu,
Published: February 2025

The study evaluated the constraints to women participation in State Employment Expenditure for Result (SEEFOR) funded agricultural grant in Delta and Rivers States of Nigeria. It described the socio-economic characteristics of the women and evaluated the constraints faced in participating in the project.  A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 403 beneficiaries. Questionnaire and personal interviews were used to elicit data from the respondents. Descriptive statistical tools such as mean, percentage, Likert scale and inferential statistics such as independent t-test and Pearson product-moment correlation was used to present and analyse data collected. The results revealed that the mean age of the women participants were 45 and 48 years in Delta and Rivers States, respectively; 87.3% in Delta State and 71% in Rivers State were married; 64.3% and 73.3% in Delta and Rivers States had one form of education or the other.  The respondents had a mean household size of 6 and 5 persons in Delta and Rivers States, respectively; 91.6% in Delta and 79% in Rivers State had farming as a major occupation; 95% in Delta State and 47.5% in Rivers State had a small enterprise size.  The mean monthly income were N31,818.62 and N25,013.01 for Delta and Rivers States respectively. In Delta State, lack of land (=3.40), poor involvement of local people (=3.31) and insecurity (=3.07) while in Rivers State issue of theft (=3.35), youth restiveness (=3.00) and insecurity (=2.96) were found to be the most serious constraints encountered by the respondents. The hypothesis revealed there was a significant relationship between the socio-economic characteristics of the participants and their level of participation in the project. The study concludes that the project has relatively affected the socio-economic status of women and community development in Delta State. Based on the findings it was recommended that the government, should collaborate with the local people and intensify efforts to address the issues of insecurity in the rural areas of Delta and Rivers States, which posed a major constraint to women participation in the project.
Employee Engagement Unveiled: Insights from a Qualitative Study
Authors: Mohammed Kassim M.
Published: February 2025

Employee engagement has emerged as a vital metric that not only enhances productivity but also boosts profitability and increases overall employee satisfaction. Cultivating an engaged culture is crucial for long-term business success.
This qualitative study aims to investigate the myriad factors that can either facilitate or obstruct the employee engagement process by examining these factors from the employees' perspectives. By gaining insights into employees' viewpoints, organizations can better understand their interests and implement tailored initiatives that resonate with them, eventually leading to a more engaged employee base. Recognizing these foster and obstructive factors is critical for optimizing the engagement process and managing challenges effectively.
The study utilized an open-ended questionnaire methodology to gather data from 399 participants employed in large retails specializing in home appliances and electronics in Jordan. Initially, 420 employees were contacted, but 399 valid questionnaires were analyzed after excluding incomplete responses. Two principal questions were designed to elicit direct insights from participants: one regarding the factors that promote employee engagement and the other addressing potential impediments to engagement. Participants further elaborated on their perceptions regarding the advantages of being engaged in their organizations.
The findings indicate that employee engagement is inherently subjective, contingent upon individual perceptions and experiences. Consequently, it is imperative to involve employees in any engagement strategy to foster a more inclusive and effective process. By considering their viewpoints, organizations can develop a positive work environment that serves as a motivational catalyst, thereby contributing to the establishment of fully engaged employees.
Glimpse of Multifaceted Therapeutic Potential of Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.): From Traditional Medicine to Modern Applications
Authors: Shivandu Shiv kumar , Sharma Ishani , Arya Nishchala , Kumar Gaurav , Garg Jayesh , Khosla Saijal , Kumar Harush
Published: February 2025

Litchi, known for its delicious taste, it is not just a culinary treat but provides a wide range of medicinal benefits. Mostly cultivated in warm climates across China, India. Its rich history intertwines with diverse cultural traditions. Beyond its tantalizing flavor, litchi unveils a diverse range of therapeutic properties. From ancient remedies for diabetes to modern insights into its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral process, litchi emerges as a versatile healer. This review explores the bioactive compounds in different plant parts of litchi. Key findings of this review reveal the neuroprotective role of the litchi saponins and its anti-cancerous potential by inhibition of tumor growth, ad it hepatoprotective effects against liver toxins. Moreover, its extracts demonstrate significant anti-diabetic, anti-obesity and lipid lowering effects. Suggesting their application in managing metabolic disorders. This paper provides a consolidated version of traditional knowledge with contemporary scientific research emphasizing litchi’s potential as a functional food and its increasing relevance in modern health care.
Epidemiological Studies on Staphylococcal Otitis in Dogs at Jabalpur, India
Authors: Walia Chetanya , Jatav Ranbir Singh , Pradhan Shashi , Mishra Apoorva , Pratap Aditya , Shukla Sanjay , Shrman Kshemankar , Dhingra Diva , Kumar Dushyant
Published: February 2025

Ear affections are one of the most common conditions prevalent in canine practice and have a worldwide distribution. Inflammation of external, middle and inner ear are referred as otitis externa, otitis media and otitis interna, respectively and is reported to be the most frequent canine infectious disease over the past decades. The present study was undertaken to investigate the epidemiological study of Staphylococcal otitis in dogs. A total of 2420 dogs from May to October-2024 were screened for the study. Among them, 106 dogs suspected to have otitis were screened, out of which 89 dogs were confirmed for otitis and subjected to indirect smear examination and isolation of Staphylococcal species. Among which, 68 dogs were found to be suffering from Staphylococcal otitis resulting in overall occurrence of 2.8 per cent. Higher occurrence was observed in dogs of 3-5 years of age followed by dogs of age group more than 6 years. Amongst different breeds, notably higher occurrence was observed in Labrador Retrievers followed by German Shepherd. Sex wise occurrence was seen higher in males as compared to females. The percentage of dogs with bilateral ear infection was more pronounced as compared to unilateral ear infection. Mostly, dogs had a duration of illness for less than 1 week. Amongst different types of exudate, yellowish exudate was presented more. Cytological examination revealed that mixed infection (bacteria + Malassezia) was the commonest cause for otitis.
Paddy Crop Monitoring Using Landsat 8 and Sentinel Data: A Case Study in Kandi Mandal of Telangana, India
Authors: N Hari, , Ch Roshini, , K Praveen Kumar, , E Nandini, , K Sravan, , P Laxman Rao, , Neelambika
Published: February 2025

Monitoring paddy crop using remote sensing data has become increasingly prevalent due to its ability to provide timely and spatially comprehensive information. This study focuses on the utilization of Landsat 8 and Sentinel satellite imagery for monitoring paddy crops in the Kandi Mandal of Telangana, India. The primary objective is to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of these satellite datasets in capturing key agricultural parameters such as vegetation indices and land use changes throughout the crop growth cycle. The methodology involves preprocessing of satellite imagery to derive spectral indices like Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Ground truth data collected through field surveys are used for validation and accuracy assessment. Temporal analysis of satellite data over multiple growing seasons provides insights into crop health, growth stages, and phenological changes. Results indicate that combining Landsat 8 and Sentinel data enhances the accuracy of crop monitoring compared to using a single dataset alone. The study demonstrates the potential of remote sensing technologies in supporting precision agriculture practices and informing decision-making processes for sustainable crop management.
Ragam Hias Majapahit sebagai Alternatif Desain Motif
Authors: Khoir Arifatul , Adiani Ningroom
Published: February 2025

Masa kejayaan sampai keruntuhan Majapahit meninggalkan beragam budaya berwujud cerita dan ragam hias yang tersebar di beberapa daerah, khususnya di Mojokerto, Jawa Timur. Ragam hias peninggalan kerajaan majapahit sebagai kekuatan budaya yang khas dan harus dilestarikan, salah satunya dengan cara menelaahnya, sehingga ragam hias tersebut dapat diadaptasi ke dalam produk-produk sekarang. Dengan meneliti artefak tersebut dan menghasilkan beberapa desain motif, maka motif tersebut dapat diterapkan pada berbagai desain perhiasan, motif kain, dan lain lain. Telaah digunakan metode kualitatif dengan hasil, antara lain: beberapa ragam hias majapahit yang akan dikelompokkan menjadi tiga, yaitu: ragam hias utama, ragam hias isin-isin dan ragam hias pengisi. Lambang kerajaan Majapahit dan beberapa ragam hias lain berbentuk geometris dan organik sebagai perwujudan dari buah Maja (asal nama kerajaan Majapahit), banyak ditemui di ragam hias peninggalan kerajaan Majapahit. Komposisi desain motif akan diwujudkan dengan tiga teknik menurut teori dari Welianto. Beberapa desain motif tersebut dapat diterapkan dalam pembuatan produk, antara lain : pola motif pada kain dengan teknik batik dan motif pada desain perhiasan.
Representasi Gangguan Mental dalam Permainan “A Space For The Unbound”
Authors: Stevanie Felicia
Published: February 2025

Kesehatan mental merupakan hal yang penting untuk disadari dalam diri masyarakat untuk mencegah adanya gangguan mental terutama untuk generasi muda. Berbagai media mulai mengambil tema ini untuk menyuarakan keberadaan dan pentingnya hal ini, salah satunya adalah video game. “A Space For The Unbound” merupakan permainan yang menyuarakan tentang kepentingan kesehatan mental, dengan membawakan situasi dan kondisi aktual mengenai stigma, kebiasaan masyarakat Indonesia yang dapat memberikan dampak seperti gangguan mental terhadap anak-anak muda dalam jalan ceritanya. Penelitian ini akan menganalisis mengenai representasi gangguan mental yang ada di beberapa spacedive yang dilakukan oleh tokoh utama permainan dengan menggunakan analisis semiotika milik C.S. Peirce yang kemudian ditulis dan dijelaskan secara deskriptif.
Semiotika Toleransi: Analisis Budaya dalam Dimensi Visual Film Pendek “Wei”
Authors: Sukmono Ilham , Amalia Winda , Ananda Asri Dwi , Hendrayani Yani
Published: February 2025

Film adalah tayangan gambar dan suara yang dapat menyampaikan makna pentingnya menghormati dan memahami perbedaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis simbolisme visual dalam film WEI yang digunakan sutradara untuk menyampaikan pesan tentang perbedaan agama dan konflik keluarga dalam bingkai budaya Tionghoa di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis konten serta teori semiotika Charles Sanders Peirce yang mencakup tanda, objek, dan interpretan. Penelitian menemukan bahwa simbol budaya, seperti rumah makan Bak Kut Teh yang berarti sup iga babi, kalender sobek, dan tempat ibadah Kelenteng, mencerminkan budaya etnis Tionghoa. Adegan pemeran utama sedang bersembahyang menunjukkan konflik agama dalam keluarga. Simbol opor ayam menjadi lambang makanan pemersatu yang menggambarkan pentingnya toleransi antar umat beragama di Indonesia. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa simbol-simbol tersebut menyampaikan pesan untuk menghormati dan menciptakan harmoni dalam perbedaan agama di Indonesia.
Konstruksi Prahara Sambo: Jurnalisme Viral dalam Bingkai Media Online
Authors: Apul Merlina Maria Barbara , Liwang Grishiella Patricia , Lapalelo Putra Aditya
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini berangkat dari pengamatan bahwa logika media massa dan logika berbagi di media sosial, telah mengaburkan perbedaan antara profesional dan amatir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengurai keterkaitan antara framing media dan berita berstandar viral dalam peristiwa kasus Ferdy Sambo di media online dengan engagement media sosial tertinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan content tools Buzzsumo untuk menarik data dengan pencarian words trends “Ferdy Sambo” dan “Putri Candrawathi” dengan metode analisis framing Zhondang Pan dan Gerald M. Kosicki. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dua bingkai utama. Pertama, pembunuhan Brigadir J sebagai bentuk menjaga kehormatan keluarga oleh Ferdy Sambo. Kedua, Putri Candrawathi meskipun berstatus sebagai tersangka, cenderung ditampilkan media sebagai tokoh protagonis yang menjadi korban kekerasan seksual. Sementara itu, berdasarkan identifikasi elemen berita viral, ditemukan elemen elite people, negative, conflict/violence dan shocking mendominasi kedua words trens. Adapun elemen sexuality mendominasi dalam words trends ‘Putri Candrawathi’. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan unsur sensasi untuk menciptakan rasa emosional pembaca, dominan dalam bingkai teks media. Kesimpulannya, obsesi media terhadap viralitas membuat penggunaan diksi atau frasa cenderung digunakan untuk memanipulasi emosi pembaca. Akibatnya, narasi media cenderung abai untuk menyampaikan informasi yang utuh dan komperhensif.
Screening for Breast Cancer
Authors:   US Preventive Services Task Force, Nicholson Wanda K. , Silverstein Michael , Wong John B. , Barry Michael J. , Chelmow David , Coker Tumaini Rucker , Davis Esa M. , Jaén Carlos Roberto , Krousel-Wood Marie , Lee Sei , Li Li , Mangione Carol M. , Rao Goutham , Ruiz John M. , Stevermer James J. , Tsevat Joel , Underwood Sandra Millon , Wiehe Sarah
Published: April 2024

Importance

Among all US women, breast cancer is the second most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer death. In 2023, an estimated 43 170 women died of breast cancer. Non-Hispanic White women have the highest incidence of breast cancer and non-Hispanic Black women have the highest mortality rate.

Objective

The USPSTF commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of different mammography-based breast cancer screening strategies by age to start and stop screening, screening interval, modality, use of supplemental imaging, or personalization of screening for breast cancer on the incidence of and progression to advanced breast cancer, breast cancer morbidity, and breast cancer–specific or all-cause mortality, and collaborative modeling studies to complement the evidence from the review.

Population

Cisgender women and all other persons assigned female at birth aged 40 years or older at average risk of breast cancer.

Evidence Assessment

The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that biennial screening mammography in women aged 40 to 74 years has a moderate net benefit. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to determine the balance of benefits and harms of screening mammography in women 75 years or older and the balance of benefits and harms of supplemental screening for breast cancer with breast ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), regardless of breast density.

Recommendation

The USPSTF recommends biennial screening mammography for women aged 40 to 74 years. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening mammography in women 75 years or older. (I statement) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of supplemental screening for breast cancer using breast ultrasonography or MRI in women identified to have dense breasts on an otherwise negative screening mammogram. (I statement)
Screening for Breast Cancer
Authors:   US Preventive Services Task Force
Published: April 2024

In this JAMA Patient Page, the US Preventive Services Task Force provides a guide to screening for breast cancer.
Altered Plasma Levels and Tissue Expression of Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha in Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Xu Shuang , Jiemy William F. , Boots Annemieke M. H. , Arends Suzanne , van Sleen Yannick , Nienhuis Pieter H. , van der Geest Kornelis S. M. , Heeringa Peter , Brouwer Elisabeth , Sandovici Maria
Published: April 2024

Objective

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is characterized by granulomatous inflammation of the medium‐ and large‐sized arteries accompanied by remodeling of the vessel wall. Fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) is a serine protease that promotes both inflammation and fibrosis. Here, we investigated the plasma levels and vascular expression of FAP in GCA.

Methods

Plasma FAP levels were measured with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in treatment‐naive patients with GCA (n = 60) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) (n = 63) compared with age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (HCs) (n = 42) and during follow‐up, including treatment‐free remission (TFR). Inflamed temporal artery biopsies (TABs) of patients with GCA (n = 9), noninflamed TABs (n = 14), and aorta samples from GCA‐related (n = 9) and atherosclerosis‐related aneurysm (n = 11) were stained for FAP using immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence staining was performed for fibroblasts (CD90), macrophages (CD68/CD206/folate receptor beta), vascular smooth muscle cells (desmin), myofibroblasts (α‐smooth muscle actin), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9).

Results

Baseline plasma FAP levels were significantly lower in patients with GCA compared with patients with PMR and HCs and inversely correlated with systemic markers of inflammation and angiogenesis. FAP levels decreased even further at 3 months on remission in patients with GCA and gradually increased to the level of HCs in TFR. FAP expression was increased in inflamed TABs and aorta of patients with GCA compared with control tissues. FAP was abundantly expressed in fibroblasts and macrophages. Some of the FAP+ fibroblasts expressed IL‐6 and MMP‐9.

Conclusion

FAP expression in GCA is clearly modulated both in plasma and in vessels. FAP may be involved in the inflammatory and remodeling processes in GCA and have utility as a target for imaging and therapeutic intervention.
Adaptive super twisting observer‐based prescribed time integral sliding mode tracking control of uncertain robotic manipulators
Authors: Shen Hesong , Song Tangzhong , Fang Lijin , Wang Huaizhen , Zhang Yue
Published: April 2024

A novel integral sliding mode control (ISMC) strategy combined with an adaptive super twisting observer (ASTO) for an uncertain robotic manipulator tracking control system is presented in this article. The comprehensive uncertainties including both parameter perturbations and external disturbances are considered during the controller design. Firstly, a new nominal control law with prescribed time convergent property based on time varying scaling function is presented for the system without uncertainties. Then this nominal control law constitutes the prescribed time convergent sliding surface for ISMC. As the reaching phase is eliminated in ISMC, leading to the prescribed time stability of the whole control system without uncertainties. Secondly, take the system uncertainties (both the matched and unmatched uncertainties) into consideration, two ASTOs are designed for handling them. So, the lumped uncertainties of the robotic manipulator control system can be well estimated and compensated in finite time with the help of backstepping method. Besides, the finite time convergent adaptive switching gains of the ASTO make the system stable without knowing the bounds of the uncertainties exactly and suppress the chattering phenomenon of control input. Finally, the proposed control algorithm is validated by simulation and experiment on a robotic manipulator. Also, from a quantitative analysis, we testify the proposed control scheme outperforms the compared one in all of the discussed cases of simulation part.
Commercial Soccer Ball‐Integrated Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Heo Deokjae , Hur Jiwoong , Lee Sungjin , Lin Zong‐Hong , Lee Sangmin
Published: April 2024

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) are representative mechanical energy harvesters that can easily generate electricity based on contact electrification and electrostatic induction. However, most TENGs have low mechanical and electrical output stabilities because of their unstable structures, in which separate TENG devices are attached to the outside surface of commercial products/items for application. Herein, a commercial soccer ball‐integrated TENG (CSB‐TENG) is proposed as a potential solution. The CSB‐TENG is designed with an electrode‐fully packaged all‐in‐one structure; thus, it can have remarkable mechanical and electrical output stability for 160 000 cycles. For one bouncing motion, the CSB‐TENG generates a maximum peak power of 480 μW. The working mechanism of the CSB‐TENG is established by considering the actual motion of a soccer ball (kicking, bouncing, and rolling). The electrical output of the CSB‐TENG is evaluated and analyzed based on various design and environmental variables (ball material, shoe material, ground material, impact force, ball drop height, and electrode size) in daily life. The CSB‐TENG demonstrates applications, including LED array illumination and capacitor charging tests.
Ionic‐Rich Vermiculite Tailoring Dynamic Bottom‐Up Gradient for High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Junshuai , Li Jiabao , Duan Jialong , Zhang Xinyu , Dou Jie , Guo Qiyao , Jiang Chi , Zhao Yuanyuan , Huang Hao , Tang Qunwei
Published: April 2024

Mixed‐halide perovskites are emerging as excellent photovoltaic candidates because of their tunable bandgaps for semitransparent and tandem perovskite solar cells. However, the notorious film quality originated from the rapidly downward crystallization process susceptibly propagates enormous detrimental defects, which deteriorate the photovoltaic performance and accelerate halide segregation. To address this issue, herein, a multilayer alkalis‐intercalated‐vermiculite is employed as pre‐buried interface modifier to regulate the perovskite lattice property. The matchable lattice structure between perovskite and vermiculite by forming Pb─O bond not only releases the interfacial strain during the film growth but also the embedded alkalis ions can gradually diffuse into perovskite lattice to form a favorable vertical gradient owing to the weak interlamellar van der Waals interaction, playing bis‐roles of atomical lubricant and ion‐reservoir to eliminate detrimental defects. As a result, the film quality and lattice stability is significantly improved with suppressed phase segregation for mixed‐halide perovskites, accompanying a champion efficiency of 11.42% for carbon‐based CsPbIBr2 device, 15.25% for carbon‐based CsPbI2Br device and 23.17% for p‐i‐n inverted (Cs0.05MA0.05FA0.9)Pb(I0.93Br0.07)3 cell. This work provides a new strategy on buried interface engineering for making high‐efficiency and stable perovskite platforms.
Graphdiyne‐Supported Metals and Metal Compounds: Synthesis, Applications, and Future Prospects
Authors: Xu Shiyu , Kang Baotao , Li Hao , Yoo Pil Jin , Lee Jin Yong
Published: April 2024

Graphdiyne (GDY) is a 2D carbon allotrope that has become increasingly prevalent among the family of carbon materials. GDY has advantages of high specific surface area and unique sp‐ and sp2‐hybridized carbon atom networks, is endowed with naturally adjustable bandgap, uniformly nanoporous structure, rapid carrier mobility activated by inhomogeneous π orbitals, and accessible on/off rations. These advantages, coupled with the direct binding ability of metal atoms resulting from sp‐hybridization, enable GDY to be applied across various research fields, especially as a substrate to support and further improve the performances of metals and metal compounds. Though many studies have considered the applications of GDY‐supported metals and metal compounds, a comprehensive introduction of synthesis and applications is deficient. Nonetheless, a discussion considering these diverse studies is essential to attract the attention of researchers and promote the development of new perspectives. In this review, a basic understanding of GDY and a thorough introduction to the synthesis and applications of GDY‐supported metals and metal compounds are presented. The review considers nanoparticles, nanoclusters, and dual and single atoms, and concurrently catalogues these in specific application domains. Moreover, future challenges and the development potentials of GDY‐supported materials are discussed to provide different perspectives and ideas.
α‐MnO2/RuO2 Heterostructure‐Modified Polypropylene Separator for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Battery
Authors: Ma Zhiyuan , Qi Zhengqiu , Song Guihao , Huang Siming , Du Zhiwei , Dong Junjie , Guan Chunmei , Luo Pan , Gan Ping , Yu Bo , Guo Bingshu , Chen Junchen , Wang Mingshan , Zhang Jin , Li Xing , Zhang Jing , Li Fujun
Published: April 2024

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery is a promising next‐generation energy storage system. However, the poor cyclability caused by the shuttle effect is still a key challenge for its practical application. Here, a polypropylene separator modified with α‐MnO2/RuO2 heterostructure is presented to facilitate the transformation of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and optimize the rate‐determining step in both the reduction and oxidation processes of the sulfur electrode. The unique separator effectively suppresses the dissolution and shuttling of soluble LiPSs in Li–S batteries. The α‐MnO2/RuO2 heterostructure modified separator with a Ru content of ≈8 wt% enables a high areal capacity of over 5.0 mAh cm−2 after 55 cycles at 0.2C in a Li–S coin cell, and the resultant pouch cell retains 78.2% of its initial capacity after 200 cycles at 0.1C, suggesting considerable potential for commercial applications. This work provides new insights into the regulation of electrochemical reactions in Li–S batteries.