bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Idiopathic Bilateral Bloody Tearing
Authors: Beyazyıldız Emrullah , Özdamar Yasemin , Beyazyıldız Özlem , Yerli Hasan
Published: January 2015

Bloody tear is a rare and distinct clinic phenomenon. We report a case presenting with the complaint of recurrent episodes of bilateral bloody tearing. A 16-year-old girl presented to our clinic with complaint of bloody tearing in both eyes for 3 months. Bloody tearing was not associated with her menses. A blood-stained discharge from the punctum was not observed during the compression of both nasolacrimal ducts. Nasolacrimal passage was not obstructed. Imaging studies such as dacryocystography and gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of nasolacrimal canal were normal. Intranasal endoscopic evaluation was normal. We collected samples from bloody tears two times and pathological examination was performed. Pathological analysis showed lots of squamous cells and no endometrial cells; dysplastic cells were found. Further evaluations for underlying causes were unremarkable. No abnormalities were found in ophthalmologic, radiologic, and pathologic investigations. This condition is likely a rare abnormality and the least recognized aetiology for the idiopathic phenomenon.
Customized Transportation, Equity Participation, and Cooperation Performance within Logistics Supply Chains
Authors: Lin Xudong , Ma Lijun , Zheng Zunxin
Published: January 2015

Customized transportation has received growing concerns by researchers and practitioners in recent years. Despite the fact that one consignor often holds partial ownership of its carrier within a supply chain, the existing interpretations behind them remain relatively unexplored. Based on the game models, we find that a simple take-or-pay contract is not likely to solve the low-efficient customized production problem, and equity participation mechanism plus simple contract may improve the cooperation performance of customized transportation. In the case of the owner-managed carrier, only when purchasing at par can it be ensured to obtain the socially optimal customization investment, but when purchasing at premium or discount, the optimal partial ownership selected by consignor cannot motivate the carrier to make the most efficient customization investment. With the optimal solutions, we also provide a theoretic foundation for calculating the optimal partial ownership and for interpreting why the interfirm share-holding ratios of the member-firms within the familial-type logistic supply chains are much larger than the ratios within the public-type logistic supply chains. Finally, our results show that the familial-type logistic supply chains may choose more efficient customized production level than public-type logistic supply chains.
Optimal Control Algorithm of Constrained Fuzzy System Integrating Sliding Mode Control and Model Predictive Control
Authors: Song Chonghui
Published: January 2015

The sliding mode control and the model predictive control are connected by the value function of the optimal control problem for constrained fuzzy system. New conditions for the existence and stability of a sliding mode are proposed. Those conditions are more general conditions for the existence and stability of a sliding mode. When it is applied to the controller design, the design procedures are different from other sliding mode control (SMC) methods in that only the decay rate of the sliding mode motion is specified. The obtained controllers are state-feedback model predictive control (MPC) and also SMC. From the viewpoint of SMC, sliding mode surface does not need to be specified previously and the sliding mode reaching conditions are not necessary in the controller design. From the viewpoint of MPC, the finite time horizon is extended to the infinite time horizon. The difference with other MPC schemes is that the dependence on the feasibility of the initial point is canceled and the control schemes can be implemented in real time. Pseudosliding mode model predictive controllers are also provided. Closed loop systems are proven to be asymptotically stable. Simulation examples are provided to demonstrate proposed methods.
Zoledronic Acid May Reduce Intraoperative Bleeding in Spinal Tumors: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Juan , Zheng Wei , Tan Yan , Hu Xiao-Yuan , Huang Quan , Fan Kai-Hua , Ma Jie , Xiao Wen-Jing , Ren Jian-Dong , Hou Jun , Xiao Jian-Ru
Published: January 2015

Between June 2010 and June 2011, 176 patients were divided into 2 groups: a group with spinal metastasis of solid tumors (n=157) and a group with multiple myeloma (n=19). Both groups were further divided into 2 subgroups: a group receiving zoledronic acid before surgery and a control group. The zoledronic acid subgroup of the solid tumors group was group A (n=81), the control subgroup of the solid tumors group was group B (n=76), the zoledronic acid subgroup of the multiple myeloma group was group C (n=10), and the control subgroup of the multiple myeloma group was group D (n=9). The average intraoperative blood loss during spinal surgery was as follows:1311±691 mL in group A and1752±740 mL in group B (P=0.000) and1994±810 mL in group C and3134±795 mL in group D (P=0.000). Patients receiving zoledronic acid before surgery had significantly less intraoperative bleeding than those who did not receive it. Preoperative use of zoledronic acid can effectively reduce intraoperative bleeding during surgery for the treatment of spinal tumors.
The Diagnosis of Invasive and Noninvasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis by Serum and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Galactomannan Assay
Authors: Zhang Shuzhen , Wang Sibu , Wan Zhe , Li Ruoyu , Yu Jin
Published: January 2015

The incidence and mortality of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) are rising, particularly in critically ill patients and patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Noninvasive aspergillosis occurring in these patients requires special attention because of the possibility of developing subsequent IPA, given the poor health and worsened immune state of these patients. We compared the performance of the Platelia galactomannan (GM) enzyme immunoassay in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum. The sensitivity, and specificity of BALF-GM were 85.4% and 62.4%, and those of serum-GM were 67.9% and 93.5% at the cutoff index of 0.5. As the cutoff index increased, the specificity of BALF-GM detection was increased with the detriment of sensitivity. The area under the ROC curves was 0.817 (95% CI: 0.718–0.916) for BALF-GM and 0.819 (95% CI: 0.712–0.926) for serum-GM. The optimal cutoff index was 1.19 for BALF-GM, and the sensitivity and specificity were 67.9% and 89.2%. The BALF-GM assay is more sensitive in detecting pulmonary aspergillosis than serum-GM assay and fungal cultures. However, BALF-GM assay has a high false-positive rate at the cutoff index of 0.5. Hence, the diagnostic cutoff index of the BALF-GM assay should be improved to avoid the overdiagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis in clinic.
Computation of Nonlinear Parameters of Heart Rhythm Using Short Time ECG Segments
Authors: Koichubekov Berik , Korshukov Ilya , Omarbekova Nazgul , Riklefs Viktor , Sorokina Marina , Mkhitaryan Xenia
Published: January 2015

We propose the method to compute the nonlinear parameters of heart rhythm (correlation dimensionD2and correlation entropyK2) using 5-minute ECG recordings preferred for screening of population. Conversion of RR intervals’ time series into continuous functionx(t)allows getting the new time series with different sampling ratedt. It has been shown that for alldt(250, 200, 125, and 100 ms) the cross-plots ofD2andK2against embedding dimensionmfor phase-space reconstruction start to level off atm=9. The sample sizeNat different sampling rates varied from 1200 atdt= 250 ms to 3000 atdt= 100 ms. Along with, theD2andK2means were not statistically different; that is, the sampling rate did not influence the results. We tested the feasibility of the method in two models: nonlinear heart rhythm dynamics in different states of autonomous nervous system and age-related characteristics of nonlinear parameters. According to the acquired data, the heart rhythm is more complex in childhood and adolescence with more influential parasympathetic influence against the background of elevated activity of sympathetic autonomous nervous system.
Association of Antigen-Specific T-cell Responses with Antigen Expression and Immunoparalysis in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Fichtner Sabrina , Hose Dirk , Engelhardt Melanie , Meißner Tobias , Neuber Brigitte , Krasniqi Fatime , Raab Marc , Schönland Stefan , Ho Anthony D. , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Hundemer Michael
Published: January 2015

Purpose: Cancer testis antigens (CTA) are immunotherapeutical targets aberrantly expressed on multiple myeloma cells, especially at later stages, when a concomitant immunoparesis hampers vaccination approaches.

Experimental Design: We assessed the expression of the multiple myeloma antigen HM1.24 (reported present in all malignant plasma cells) and the CTAs MAGE-A2/A3 and NY-ESO-1 (aberrantly expressed in a subset of patients with myeloma), in CD138-purified myeloma cells by qRT-PCR (n = 149). In a next step, we analyzed the antigen-specific T-cell responses against these antigens by IFNγ EliSpot assay (n = 145) and granzymeB ELISA (n = 62) in relation to stage (tumor load) and expression of the respective antigen.

Results: HM1.24 is expressed in all plasma-cell samples, whereas CTAs are significantly more frequent in later stages. HM1.24-specific T-cell responses, representing the immunologic status, significantly decreased from healthy donors to advanced disease. For the CTAs, the probability of T-cell responses increased in early and advanced stages compared with healthy donors, paralleling increased probability of expression. In advanced stages, T-cell responses decreased because of immunoparesis.

Conclusion: In conclusion, specific T-cell responses in myeloma are triggered by antigen expression but suppressed by tumor load. Future CTA-based immunotherapeutical approaches might target early plasma-cell diseases to establish prophylactically a specific T-cell response against late-stage antigens in immunocompetent patients. Clin Cancer Res; 21(7); 1712–21. ©2015 AACR.
Detection, Characterization, and Inhibition of FGFR–TACC Fusions in IDH Wild-type Glioma
Authors: Di Stefano Anna Luisa , Fucci Alessandra , Frattini Veronique , Labussiere Marianne , Mokhtari Karima , Zoppoli Pietro , Marie Yannick , Bruno Aurelie , Boisselier Blandine , Giry Marine , Savatovsky Julien , Touat Mehdi , Belaid Hayat , Kamoun Aurelie , Idbaih Ahmed , Houillier Caroline , Luo Feng R. , Soria Jean-Charles , Tabernero Josep , Eoli Marica , Paterra Rosina , Yip Stephen , Petrecca Kevin , Chan Jennifer A. , Finocchiaro Gaetano , Lasorella Anna , Sanson Marc , Iavarone Antonio
Published: January 2015

Purpose: Oncogenic fusions consisting of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and TACC are present in a subgroup of glioblastoma (GBM) and other human cancers and have been proposed as new therapeutic targets. We analyzed frequency and molecular features of FGFR–TACC fusions and explored the therapeutic efficacy of inhibiting FGFR kinase in GBM and grade II and III glioma.

Experimental Design: Overall, 795 gliomas (584 GBM, 85 grades II and III with wild-type and 126 with IDH1/2 mutation) were screened for FGFR–TACC breakpoints and associated molecular profile. We also analyzed expression of the FGFR3 and TACC3 components of the fusions. The effects of the specific FGFR inhibitor JNJ-42756493 for FGFR3–TACC3–positive glioma were determined in preclinical experiments. Two patients with advanced FGFR3–TACC3–positive GBM received JNJ-42756493 and were assessed for therapeutic response.

Results: Three of 85 IDH1/2 wild-type (3.5%) but none of 126 IDH1/2-mutant grade II and III gliomas harbored FGFR3–TACC3 fusions. FGFR–TACC rearrangements were present in 17 of 584 GBM (2.9%). FGFR3–TACC3 fusions were associated with strong and homogeneous FGFR3 immunostaining. They are mutually exclusive with IDH1/2 mutations and EGFR amplification, whereas they co-occur with CDK4 amplification. JNJ-42756493 inhibited growth of glioma cells harboring FGFR3–TACC3 in vitro and in vivo. The two patients with FGFR3–TACC3 rearrangements who received JNJ-42756493 manifested clinical improvement with stable disease and minor response, respectively.

Conclusions: RT-PCR sequencing is a sensitive and specific method to identify FGFR–TACC–positive patients. FGFR3–TACC3 fusions are associated with uniform intratumor expression of the fusion protein. The clinical response observed in the FGFR3–TACC3–positive patients treated with an FGFR inhibitor supports clinical studies of FGFR inhibition in FGFR–TACC–positive patients. Clin Cancer Res; 21(14); 3307–17. ©2015 AACR.

See related commentary by Ahluwalia and Rich, p. 3105
HER Targeting in HER2-Negative Breast Cancers: Looking for the HER3 Positive
Authors: Campbell Marcia R. , Moasser Mark M.
Published: January 2015

Targeting HER2 for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancers is now a validated treatment paradigm. However, evidence suggests that this family of receptors may have important roles outside of the realm of HER2 amplification. There is considerable interest in the development of biomarkers to identify such breast cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 21(13); 2886–8. ©2015 AACR.

See related article by Leary et al., p. 2932
Searching for the Immune Basis of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Teixeira Antonio Lucio , Rodrigues David Henrique , Marques Andrea Hovarth , Miguel Eurípedes C. , Fontenelle Leonardo F.
Published: January 2015

The etiopathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) remains elusive. Clinical observation of the elevated frequency of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with rheumatic fever, a post-streptococcal autoimmune disease, prompted the study of immune parameters in OCD. Anti-basal ganglia antibodies have been described in a subset of OCD patients. The assessment of circulating cytokines and immune cells confirmed unequivocal changes in at least some patients, although it is difficult to establish a particular immune profile in OCD. Several factors, including the use of psychotropic drugs and the presence of comorbid conditions, seem to influence these immune parameters.
Efficient Bone Formation in a Swine Socket Lift Model Using Escherichia coli-Derived Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Adsorbed in β-Tricalcium Phosphate
Authors: Ono Mitsuaki , Sonoyama Wataru , Yamamoto Katushi , Oida Yasutaka , Akiyama Kentaro , Shinkawa Shigehiko , Nakajima Ryu , Pham Hai T. , Hara Emilio S. , Kuboki Takuo
Published: January 2015

Several preclinical studies have shown that Escherichia coli-derived bone morphogenetic protein-2 (E-BMP-2) is as effective as mammalian cell-derived bone morphogenetic protein-2 (C-BMP-2) in the treatment of bone defects. However, further investigation of the effectiveness and determination of the optimal dosage of E-BMP-2 in large animals are still necessary before its full application in humans. This study investigated the efficiency of different concentrations of E-BMP-2 adsorbed in β-TCP for bone augmentation and osseointegration of immediate dental implants in a swine socket lift model. Following exposure of the maxillary sinus lateral wall, a 3.4-mm (diameter) cavity was drilled and filled with 0.1 g of β-TCP containing different doses of E-BMP-2 (0, 10, 30, or 100 μg/site) to lift the Schneiderian membrane. A dental implant was then immediately inserted. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone density (BD) examined via histological analysis were used as parameters to assess E-BMP-2 efficiency in bone formation. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured using Osstell to determine the effect of E-BMP-2/β-TCP on implant stability. After 8 weeks, the groups that received 30 and 100 μg of E-BMP-2 showed substantial new bone formation in the elevated space, while no bone formation was observed with β-TCP alone. Accordingly, BIC and BD presented a dose-dependent response to increasing doses of E-BMP-2. However, there was no increase in implant stability with E-BMP-2 treatment. In conclusion, the E-BMP-2/β-TCP combination was efficient in bone formation and osseointegration of dental implants in a socket lift model in mini-pigs.
Genetic Susceptibility to Dental Caries Differs between the Sexes: A Family-Based Study
Authors: Shaffer John R. , Wang Xiaojing , McNeil Daniel W. , Weyant Robert J. , Crout Richard , Marazita Mary L.
Published: January 2015

Many of the factors affecting susceptibility to dental caries are likely influenced by genetics. In fact, genetics accounts for up to 65% of inter-individual variation in dental caries experience. Sex differences in dental caries experience have been widely reported, with females usually exhibiting a higher prevalence and severity of disease across all ages. The cause for this sex bias is currently uncertain, although it may be partly due to the differential effects of genetic factors between the sexes: gene-by-sex interactions. In this family based study (N = 2,663; 740 families; ages 1-93 years), we assessed dental caries via intra-oral examination and generated six indices of caries experience (DMFS, dfs, and indices of both pit-and-fissure surface caries and smooth surface caries in both primary and permanent dentitions). We used likelihood-based methods to model the variance in caries experience conditional on the expected genetic sharing among relatives in our sample. This modeling framework allowed us to test two lines of evidence for gene-by-sex interactions: (1) whether the magnitude of the cumulative effect of genes differs between the sexes, and (2) whether different genes are involved. We observed significant evidence of gene-by-sex interactions for caries experience in both the primary and permanent dentitions. In the primary dentition, the magnitude of the effect of genes was greater in males than females. In the permanent dentition, different genes may play important roles in each of the sexes. Overall, this study provides the first direct evidence that sex differences in dental caries experiences may be explained, in part, by gene-by-sex interactions.
Thyroid Cytopathology with an Emphasis on the ‘Atypical Cells of Uncertain Significance' Category: A 3-Year Audit with Cytohistologic Correlation
Authors: Fatman Luvo , Michelow Pamela M.
Published: January 2015

Background: The National Cancer Institute meeting of 2007 resulted in the reporting terminology for thyroid cytopathology. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) aims to standardise thyroid cytopathology reporting for cytology centres and clinicians alike. Study Objective: To compare our laboratory's performance against TBSRTC. The second aim was to determine our laboratory's atypia of undetermined significance/follicular cells of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) reporting rate and malignant outcomes. Our laboratory subclassifies the AUS/FLUS category into AUS/FLUS not otherwise specified (NOS) and AUS/FLUS cannot exclude malignancy. Materials: All thyroid reports were retrieved from our computerised database for the period of January 1, 2008 to March 31, 2011. Histologic correlation was obtained where available, and cases were classified according to their original diagnosis into 1 of the 6 categories of TBSRTC. Results: A total of 1,767 cases were retrieved. The categories were as follows: inadequate (n = 415; 23%), benign (n = 1,063; 60%), AUS/FLUS (n = 141; 8%) [NOS (n = 93; 5%) and cannot exclude malignancy (n = 48; 3%)] suspicious for follicular/Hürthle cell neoplasm (n = 68; 4%), suspicious for malignancy (n = 37; 2%) and malignant (n = 43; 2%). The malignant rates for the categories were as follows: -6 (26%), 0 (0%), 8 (40%), 9 (38%), 11 (42%), 15 (62.5%), and 15 (94%), respectively. Conclusion: We have shown that the AUS category carries a higher malignant rate than that of the AUS category in TBSRTC of 5-15%. We conclude that subclassifying the AUS/FLUS category into NOS and cannot exclude malignancy helps to better identify patients with an increased risk of malignancy in the AUS/FLUS cannot exclude malignancy category.
Body Site Staphylococcus aureus Colonization among Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Eells Samantha J. , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Bolaris Michael A. , May Larissa , Miller Loren G.
Published: January 2015

Background: Patients on maintenance hemodialysis therapy are at high risk for health care-associated infections. Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of health care-associated infections among maintenance hemodialysis patients. It is established that S. aureus colonization is associated with an increased risk for subsequent infection in this population. There is an increasing number of reports that extranasal S. aureus colonization is more common than previously believed and in certain body sites even more common than nasal colonization. There are few data describing extranasal colonization among maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods: We surveyed 100 patients at 3 body sites (anterior nares, oropharynx, and inguinal region) for S. aureus colonization. Participants were also administered a standardized survey to assess risk factors for S. aureus colonization. Results: We found that 42% (95% CI 32-52) of patients were S. aureus colonized in >1 body site. Extranasal colonization was found among 32% (95% CI 23-41). There were trends suggestive of an association between S. aureus colonization and younger age (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-1.001, p = 0.06) and not having been hospitalized in the previous 12 months (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.19-1.06, p = 0.14). Conclusion: Extranasal S. aureus colonization is common among maintenance hemodialysis patients with a prevalence of approximately one third. Future S. aureus decolonization efforts may need to consider not just nasal decolonization but also decolonization of the skin and oropharynx.
Regulation of Chick Ebf1-3 Gene Expression in the Pharyngeal Arches, Cranial Sensory Ganglia and Placodes
Authors: El-Magd Mohammed Abu , Saleh Ayman A. , Farrag Foad , Abd El-Aziz Reda M. , Ali Haytham A. , Salama Mohamed F.
Published: January 2015

This study was conducted to identify the regulation of the expression of the cEbf1-3 (chick early B-cell factor 1-3) genes in the pharyngeal arches (PAs), cranial sensory ganglia and placodes. cEbf1 and cEbf3 were mainly expressed in the cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) occupying the PAs, but cEbf2 was expressed in the mesenchymal core. cEbf1-3 were prominently expressed in the olfactory placodes, but cEbf1 and cEbf3 were only expressed in the otic vesicle. cEbf1 was expressed in all cranial sensory ganglia, cEbf2 (only) in the dorsolateral ganglia and cEbf3 in the trigeminal and vestibular ganglia. The removal of the source (the cranial neural tube) of the cranial NCCs before their migration to the PAs led to downregulation of cEbf1 and cEbf3 and upregulation of cEbf2 expression. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that sonic hedgehog did not regulate cEbf1-3 expression in the PAs or associated ganglia. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2) can, however, directly and indirectly regulate cEbf1 and cEbf3 expression in the PAs and the proximal (NCC-derived) portion, but not the distal (placodal-derived) portion of the cranial sensory ganglia. Conversely, cEbf2 expression was upregulated following injection of Noggin before the migration of NCCs, but did not change after the overexpression of either Noggin or Bmp2 in the arch after NCC migration. In conclusion, Bmp2 regulates cEbf1 and cEbf3 expression in PAs and cranial sensory ganglia both directly and indirectly, via the migration of cranial NCCs. However, cEbf2 expression in the mesenchymal core of PAs is controlled by other undetermined signals.
Nox4 Is a Major Source of Superoxide Production in Human Brain Pericytes
Authors: Kuroda Junya , Ago Tetsuro , Nishimura Ataru , Nakamura Kuniyuki , Matsuo Ryu , Wakisaka Yoshinobu , Kamouchi Masahiro , Kitazono Takanari
Published: January 2015

Background: Pericytes are multifunctional cells surrounding capillaries and postcapillary venules. In brain microvasculature, pericytes play a pivotal role under physiological and pathological conditions by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aims of this study were to elucidate the source of ROS and its regulation in human brain pericytes. Methods: The expression of Nox enzymes in the cells was evaluated using RT-PCR and western blot. Superoxide production was determined by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable chemiluminescence. Silencing of Nox4 was performed using RNAi, and cell proliferation was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. Results: Nox4 was predominant among the Nox family in human brain pericytes. Membrane fractions of cells produced superoxide in the presence of NAD(P)H. Superoxide production was almost abolished with diphenileneiodonium, a Nox inhibitor; however, inhibitors of other possible superoxide-producing enzymes had no effect on NAD(P)H-dependent superoxide production. Pericytes expressed angiotensin II (Ang II) receptors, and Ang II upregulated Nox4 expression. Hypoxic conditions also increased the Nox4 expression. Silencing of Nox4 significantly reduced ROS production and attenuated cell proliferation. Conclusion: Our study showed that Nox4 is a major superoxide-producing enzyme and that its expression is regulated by Ang II and hypoxic stress in human brain pericytes. In addition, Nox4 may promote cell growth.
A Case of Cellular Fibrous Histiocytoma on the Right Elbow with Repeated Relapse within a Short Period
Authors: Tsunoda Kanako , Oikawa Hiroki , Maeda Fumihiko , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Akasaka Toshihide
Published: January 2015

Cellular fibrous histiocytoma, a variant of fibrous histiocytoma, is a designation used for lesions showing increased cellularity with a fascicular growth pattern and frequent extension into the subcutis. Here we describe a case of cellular fibrous histiocytoma showing repeated recurrence in a 36-year-old woman who initially presented with a 2-cm cutaneous tumor on her right elbow. Histopathologically, the first resected specimen demonstrated irregularly arranged collagen fibers mixed with scattered proliferating plump to spindle-shaped fibrohistiocytes. However, examination of the resected specimens obtained after recurrence showed that the cellularity had increased, the spindle-shaped cells showing monomorphic proliferation with a fascicular and storiform growth pattern extending into the subcutis, as well as an increase of Ki-67 positivity. Since the lesion showed repeated relapse within a short period, we performed wide-field resection of the tumor with a 3-cm margin. Currently, 48 months after surgery, there has been no local recurrence or metastasis, but continuous strict follow-up will be necessary.
Agency in Movement: An Introduction
Authors: Zurr Ionat
Published: January 2015

Agency in Movement is a collection of papers responding to ideas concerning perceptions of life and agency through movement. This quest is part of a research project that explores, practically and theoretically, the animation of lab-grown life: Tissue Engineered Muscle Actuator (TEMA). Here the author introduces different approaches to untangle the relations between life and movement.
Not Moving—Living
Authors: Catts Oron
Published: January 2015

This paper will explore the challenges of presenting unmediated liveness of living tissue engineered sculptures and overcoming the perceptual stillness of the semi-living. By looking at the work of The Tissue Culture & Art Project which since 1996 has used living tissue in its artworks, the author explores the strategies of dealing with the presentation of “aliveness” in living, yet seemingly motionless, “objects”.
Sequences and Intervals
Authors: Polmeer Gareth
Published: January 2015

This article discusses some ideas around video and color through nature, landscape and technology. This is related to experimental film and video practices in Europe and North America and various aesthetic traditions.
Typification of the Linnaean name Asperula cynanchica (Rubiaceae)
Authors: FERRER-GALLEGO PEDRO PABLO
Published: January 2015

The typification of Asperula cynanchica L. (Rubiaceae) is discussed. Designation of a lectotype is based on consultation of Linnaeus’s original material and the literature cited in the protologue. The herbarium sheet preseved at UPS [Herb. Burser XIX: 8 (UPS-BURSER)] is designated as lectotype.
Species of the genus Galathea Fabricius, 1793 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae) from the Indian and Pacific Oceans, with descriptions of 92 new species
Authors: MACPHERSON ENRIQUE , ROBAINAS-BARCIA AYMEE
Published: January 2015

The genus Galathea is one of the most speciose and unwieldy groups in the family Galatheidae. The examination of more than 9000 specimens of 144 species collected in the Indian and Pacific Oceans using morphological and molecular characters, has revealed the existence of 92 new species. The specimens examined during this study were obtained by various French expeditions supplemented by other collections from various sources, and including the type specimens of some previously described species. Most of the new species are distinguished by subtle but constant morphological differences, which are in agreement with molecular divergences of the mitochondrial markers COI and/or 16S rRNA. Here, we describe and illustrate the new species and redescribe some previously described species for which earlier accounts are not sufficiently detailed for modern standards. Furthermore we include a dichotomous identification key to all species in the genus from the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Assessing and Improving the Local Added Value of WRF for Wind Downscaling
Authors: García-Díez M. , Fernández J. , San-Martín D. , Herrera S. , Gutiérrez J. M.
Published: January 2015

Limited area models (LAMs) are widely used tools to downscale the wind speed forecasts issued by general circulation models. However, only a few studies have systematically analyzed the value added by the LAMs to the coarser-resolution-model wind. The goal of the present work is to investigate how added value depends on the resolution of the driving global model. With this aim, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model was used to downscale three different global datasets (GFS, ERA-Interim, and NCEP–NCAR) to a 9-km-resolution grid for a 1-yr period. Model results were compared with a large set of surface observations, including land station and offshore buoy data. Substantial biases were found at this resolution over mountainous terrain, and a slight modification to the subgrid orographic drag parameterization was introduced to alleviate the problem. It was found that, at this resolution, WRF is able to produce significant added value with respect to the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis and ERA-Interim but only a small amount of added value with respect to GFS forecasts. Results suggest that, as model resolution increases, traditional skill scores tend to saturate. Thus, adding value to high-resolution global models becomes significantly more difficult.
Recent Intensification of the Western Pacific Subtropical High Associated with the East Asian Summer Monsoon
Authors: Matsumura Shinji , Sugimoto Shiori , Sato Tomonori
Published: January 2015

The summer western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) has intensified during the past three decades. However, the underlying mechanism is not yet well understood. Here, it is shown that baiu rainband activity in midsummer, which is part of the East Asian summer monsoon, plays an important role in recent intensification in the WPSH along the baiu rainband. In contrast with the WPSH, the summer Okhotsk high, which is located to the north of the baiu rainband, has weakened during the past three decades. The north–south contrasting changes between the two highs reflect a response to northward-moved and enhanced baiu heating, which intensifies the upper-tropospheric ridge, resulting in the baroclinic intensification of the WPSH. Regional climate model experiments also support the observational analysis. Therefore, baiu convective activity in midsummer can act as a major driver for the WPSH intensification. The results here suggest that the mechanism intensifying the summer North Pacific subtropical high clearly differs between the western and eastern Pacific.
Physician Intervention for Improving Tobacco Control Among Parents Who Use Tobacco
Authors: Robinson Leslie A. , Clawson Ashley H. , Weinberg Joseph A. , Salgado-Garcia Francisco I. , Ali Jeanelle S.
Published: January 2015

Research has demonstrated that parents who smoke are often inadvertent sources of their children’s first cigarettes. Teaching parents to restrict their tobacco may give pediatricians another method for helping parents who are not ready to quit smoking. This purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of a program training pediatricians to discuss tobacco control with smoking parents and to examine changes in parents’ tobacco control after the physician intervention. One month after the intervention by pediatricians, parents reported significantly improved tobacco control. They were more likely to count their packs and cigarettes and to keep their tobacco products at work and on their person. Parents reported restricting household control of adult smoking, and children were exposed to significantly less secondhand smoke. These results showed that it is possible to integrate advice about tobacco control into a busy pediatric practice and to improve parents’ restrictions of their tobacco products.
Asymmetric intergroup bullying: The enactment and maintenance of societal inequality at work
Authors: Soylu Soydan , Sheehy-Skeffington Jennifer
Published: January 2015

What does inequality mean for dysfunctional organizational behaviours, such as workplace bullying? This article argues that workplace bullying can be understood as a manifestation of intergroup dynamics originating beyond the organization. We introduce the construct of asymmetric intergroup bullying: the disproportionate mistreatment of members of low status groups, with the intended effect of enhancing the subordination of that group in society at large. Analysis of data from 38 interviews with public and private sector workers in Turkey depicts a pattern of asymmetric intergroup bullying, undertaken to achieve organizational and broader sociopolitical goals. Respondents reported bullying acts used to get rid of unwanted personnel, with the goal of avoiding severance pay, or of removing supporters of the former government from positions of political and economic influence. Bullying was also described as working towards the dominance of the sociocultural worldview of one political group over another. We discuss asymmetric intergroup bullying as one mechanism through which acute intergroup hierarchy in the broader society corrupts management practice and employee interactions, in turn exacerbating economic inequality along group lines.
The developmental state, speculative urbanisation and the politics of displacement in gentrifying Seoul
Authors: Shin Hyun Bang , Kim Soo-Hyun
Published: January 2015

What does gentrification mean under speculative urbanisation led by a strong developmental state? This paper analyses the contemporary history of Seoul’s urban redevelopment, arguing that new-build gentrification is an endogenous process embedded in Korea’s highly speculative urban development processes from the 1980s. Property owners, construction firms and local/central governments coalesce, facilitating the extraction of exchange value by closing the rent gap. Displacement of poorer owner-occupiers and tenants was requisite for the success of speculative accumulation. Furthermore, the paper also contends that Korea’s speculative urbanisation under the strong developmental (and later (neo-)liberalising) state has rendered popular resistance to displacement ineffective despite its initial success in securing state concessions. Examining the experience of Seoul in times of condensed industrialisation and speculative urbanisation helps inform the existing literature on gentrification by resorting to non-Western empirics.
Effect of blend ratio and testing rate on the adhesion properties of pressure-sensitive adhesives prepared from epoxidized natural rubber 25/acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber blend
Authors: Poh BT , Soo KW
Published: January 2015

The dependence of adhesion properties, that is, viscosity, tack, peel strength, and shear strength of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR 25)/acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber blend pressure-sensitive adhesive on blend ratio and testing rate was studied using coumarone–indene resin and toluene as tackifier and solvent, respectively. The rubber blend ratio was fixed at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of ENR 25 content. Four different thicknesses, that is, 30, 60, 90, and 120 μm, were used to coat the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. The viscosity of adhesive was determined by a Brookfield viscometer, whereas loop tack, peel strength, and shear strength were measured using a Lloyd adhesion tester operating at 10–60 cm/min. Results show that the viscosity of the adhesive decreases with increasing % ENR 25, whereas loop tack and peel strength pass through a maximum value at 20% ENR 25, an observation which is attributed to the optimum wettability and compatibility of adhesive at this optimum ENR 25 content. For the shear strength, it increases steadily with % ENR 25 due to the constant increase in cohesive strength. Adhesion property also increases with coating thickness and rate of testing at a fixed blend ratio.
Urban Decay Photography and Film
Authors: Arnold Sarah
Published: January 2015

Detroit’s perceived social and industrial degeneration has been matched by an unfortunate aesthetic appreciation for the image of urban ruination. Detroit, and other cities experiencing economic disinvestment, have become the inanimate models for a documentary and artistic mode of photography that fetishizes scenes of urban decline and abandonment. Such cities and urban spaces have become real-life stand-ins for the apocalyptic imagination already nurtured in broader arts and media. The fascination with the ruins of contemporary culture and the proliferation of what is sometimes referred to as “ruin porn” photography, point toward Susan Sontag’s cautious warning about the photographer’s complicity in retaining the photographed object’s state of being. Drawing on Sontag’s suspicions of photography, I offer a critique of the function and meaning of ruin photography. I draw on both Sontag’s and Roland Barthes’s cautions about the interpretive function of the photograph in terms of the act of photographing the object as well as the meaning that the photograph proposes. Using this framework, I consider the recent conceptualizations of ruin, particularly the industrial ruin, as ambivalent and multifaceted. I question whether this multidimensionality is evident in the ruin photography of Yves Marchand and Romain Meffre and others, the urban exploration photography of Detroiturbex, and the documentary film Deptropia. I suggest that the photographer’s fascination with places of ruin carries out the double act of fixing such places firmly in a particular melancholic moment and equally fixes any potential meaning potentially represented in such imagery.
Depressive Symptoms Among Older Mexicans
Authors: Monserud Maria A. , Wong Rebeca
Published: January 2015

Widowhood is often associated with decreased mental health. In developing countries with low institutional support, such as Mexico, social integration can be particularly consequential for widowed older adults’ psychological well-being. This study investigates the interplay among depressive symptoms, widowhood, gender, and social integration in a nationally representative sample of older Mexicans. Drawing on Waves 1 (2001) and 2 (2003) of the Mexican Health and Aging Study, we estimated the ordinary least squares regressions to examine the implications of widowhood, gender, social support, social network, and social engagement for changes in depressive symptoms between the waves among Mexicans aged 50 and older ( N = 8,708). The findings indicate that social integration can mitigate as well as exacerbate depressive symptomatology among older Mexicans. Certain aspects of social integration can moderate marital status-gender differences in depressive symptoms among older Mexicans.
Geographies of race and ethnicity 1
Authors: Pulido Laura
Published: January 2015

In this report I compare two forms of racism: white privilege and white supremacy. I examine how they are distinct and can be seen in the environmental racism arena. I argue that within US geographic scholarship white privilege has become so widespread that more aggressive forms of racism, such as white supremacy, are often overlooked. It is essential that we understand the precise dynamics that produce environmental injustice so that we can accurately target the responsible parties via strategic social movements and campaigns. Using the case of Exide Technologies in Vernon, California, I argue that the hazards generated by its longstanding regulatory noncompliance are a form of white supremacy.
engAGE in Community
Authors: John Deborah H. , Gunter Katherine
Published: January 2015

The growing numbers of older adults in the United States will have a significant impact on community resources, which will affect the ability of residents to live and thrive in their local community regardless of age. For this study, we applied explanatory sequential mixed methods and community-based participatory research (CBPR) to discover how attributes of the physical, social, and service environments determine residents’ perceptions of community age-friendliness and conditions for aging-in-place. A population survey measuring county residents’ ( n = 387) perceptions and importance of community resources that support community livability are explained by thematic results of the CBPR, that is, emergent proximal and distal age-friendly factors. Our qualitative approach engaged local people ( n = 237) in participatory processes to study and share perceptions of environmental attributes in six communities in one Oregon county. Findings are integrated to explain similarities and differences in older residents’ lived experience of rural and urban settings with regard to age-friendly foci.
Exploring the Relationships Between Different Types of Facebook Use, Perceived Online Social Support, and Adolescents’ Depressed Mood
Authors: Frison Eline , Eggermont Steven
Published: January 2015

This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the relationships between different types of Facebook use, perceived online social support, and boys’ and girls’ depressed mood. To address this aim, this study ( N = 910) developed a comprehensive model that (1) differs between specific types of Facebook use, (2) examines the mediating role of perceived online social support, and (3) takes adolescent users’ gender into account. Structural equation modeling showed that the harmful impact of Facebook use exclusively occurs among girls who passively use Facebook and among boys who actively use Facebook in a public setting. Girls, however, who actively use Facebook, either in a public setting or in a private setting and subsequently perceive online social support, benefit from actively using Facebook, as perceived online social support negatively predicted girls’ depressed mood. The discussion focuses on the explanation and understanding of these findings, key limitations, and directions for future research.
Rapid-Onset Piperacillin-tazobactam Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Shaik Shamsuddin , Kazi Haseeb A. , Ender Peter T.
Published: January 2015

Thrombocytopenia can occur from a variety of etiologies. Drug-induced thrombocytopenia is known to occur with beta-lactam medications, but often in the setting of prolonged use. We describe 2 patients who developed rapid-onset thrombocytopenia from piperacillin/tazobactam. Other causes of immediate thrombocytopenia were excluded. These cases describe a rare presentation of rapid-onset thrombocytopenia in a commonly used medication.
The Redesign of a Community Pharmacy Internship Program
Authors: Pattin Anthony J. , Kelling Sarah E. , Szyskowski Jim , Izor Michelle L. , Findley Susan
Published: January 2015

Background:

Pharmacy internships provide students with practical experiences that lead to enhancement of clinical skills and personal growth.

Objective:

To describe the design and implementation of a structured 10-week summer pharmacy internship program in a supermarket chain pharmacy.

Methods:

The pharmacy leadership team developed and piloted a new format of the pharmacy internship during the summer of 2013. Pharmacy students in professional year 1 (P1), 2 (P2), and 4 (P4) were invited to apply for a paid internship. Pharmacy students were recruited from all colleges of pharmacy in the state of Michigan. The goal of the new program was to create a focused learning opportunity that encouraged students to develop knowledge, skills, and abilities about patient care, pharmacy management, and working within a team.

Results:

A total of 19 interns were recruited (P1 = 7, P2 = 7, and P4 = 5). Students practiced 40 hours per week and participated in the medication dispensing process and employee biometrics screening program. Interns provided approximately 500 assessments on pharmacy employees and all P1 and P2 interns completed a patient care project.

Conclusions:

The restructured internship program provided pharmacy students with a 10-week program that exposed them to many aspects of community pharmacy practice. The program needs future refinement and assessment measures to verify interns improve skills throughout the program.
Finite element analysis and experimental investigations of the back case of a transmission with a central brake
Authors: Wang Yuanlong , Wang Liangmo
Published: January 2015

Because of limitations in the vehicle layout, a central brake system was installed directly on the transmission’s back case of a certain type of medium-size truck. Under the condition of emergency braking, the back case easily fails because of the large braking torque. In this paper, a method of structure improvement, finite element analysis and experimental investigations of the transmission’s back case was proposed. Two improved designs of the back case are discussed. The finite element analysis results indicated that the improved back case was capable of bearing the maximum braking torque, which was also verified by vehicle road tests and torque tests. The modal analysis results implied that the lowest free modal frequency of the improved back case was increased and far away from the engine excitation frequency. In addition, the first-order constrained modal frequency was also greater than the gear meshing frequency. The overall results implied that the improved design of the transmission’s back case was applicable under normal conditions, and the proposed method was sufficiently accurate for wide use.
Talking about dying and death: On new discursive constructions of a formerly postulated taboo
Authors: Wildfeuer Janina , Schnell Martin W , Schulz Christian
Published: January 2015

In this article, we pursue a critical and multimodal discourse analysis of texts in the context of the innovative German discourse project ‘30 young people talk to dying people and their relatives’ – an initiative by two German universities encouraging young people to develop an explicit attitude towards death. We take a detailed look at the various text forms (short films about discussions between the young people and dying patients, online postings about their experiences, etc.) by asking how the concepts of ‘dying’ and ‘death’ are new and differently constructed in these various textual artefacts. A formal as well as critical analysis of the semantic content produced by the participants will examine how this content is produced and how new types of sociocultural practices become visible in these texts.