bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying Tennis Players’ Performance and Analyzing Momentum Fluctuations Based on Weighted Logistic Regression Model
Authors: Zhang Zihan
Published: October 2024

This paper proposes a dual-model approach to analyze tennis players’ performance and predict match outcomes, which combines a weighted logistic regression model and a decision tree model. By examining key factors such as scoring rate and serving status, the models calculate the scoring probabilities at different time points, quantifying the performance of players throughout the match. Furthermore, the paper constructs a decision tree model to predict shifts in the match situation based on momentum fluctuations. The research findings underscore the importance of momentum in determining match outcomes and provide valuable insights for training and match strategies. This dual-model approach offers a fresh perspective on the impact of momentum in tennis matches, allowing players to better understand and adapt to the dynamics of momentum fluctuations throughout a match. Additionally, the study suggests targeted training, simulated match conditions, psychological training, real-time data tracking, and physical preparation as strategies to enhance performance and adapt to momentum changes. This comprehensive approach provides players with valuable insights to optimize their performance and strategies in tennis matches.
The Infringement of Deepfake Technology on Personal Privacy and Legal Protection: A Discussion Based on Article 1032 of the Civil Code
Authors: Han Mengqi
Published: October 2024

The rapid development of deepfake technology has infringed upon personal privacy in the form of the disclosure and misuse of personal information, infringement upon the peace of people's life, and damage to personal image and reputation. The disclosure and misuse of personal information should be analysed from the perspectives of personal use and commercial use of information data; infringement upon the peace of people's life should be examined from the perspectives of fraud and harassment, and malicious pursuit using deepfake technology; and damage to personal image and reputation should be discussed from the two levels of initial damage to personal image and reputation and aggravated damage to personal reputation after dissemination through the media. Article 1032 of the Civil Code clearly defines the scope of privacy protection as the peace of people's private life, private space, private activities and private information, as well as the infringement of privacy rights through means such as spying, intrusion, disclosure and publication, which reflects the legislative inertia to strengthen the protection of privacy and personal information. Article 1032 of the Civil Code, the Personal Information Protection Law, the Provisions on the Administration of Deep Synthesis of Internet-based Information Services, and other laws and regulations together form the current personal privacy protection system. However, existing laws do not provide specific explanations for key terms such as 'leakage', 'intrusion' and 'damage', which leads to uncertainty in the application of the law and makes it difficult to effectively protect personal privacy in actual operations. At the same time, there is a lack of clear definitions of the scenarios and specific standards of behaviour that the technology may involve, which has exacerbated public concerns about personal privacy security. Strengthening legal protection against deepfake technology requires refining legal concepts and drawing on knowledge from comparative law: 'leakage' can be considered the illegal acquisition and dissemination of unauthorised data and information, 'intrusion' can be defined as behaviour that disrupts the normal order of others and causes mental distress, and 'damage' can be understood as behaviour that causes negative evaluation or loss to the image, reputation or property of others. The legislative department should take the lead and cooperate with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in formulating specific standards for evaluating behaviour. The deterrent effect of the law should be strengthened by refining relevant legal provisions in the Civil Code and the Personal Information Protection Law and increasing the penalties for violations of the law. This will better balance technological development and personal privacy protection and improve China's personal privacy protection system.
An Experimental Study of Virtual Space Design for Emotional Intervention in Autistic Children with Eye Movement Technology
Authors: Li Li , Wang Luwei , Zhu Xiao , Wan Sixuan
Published: October 2024

In this thesis, virtual technology is combined to study the eye-tracking status of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) towards their preference for space. Aided by virtual technology, experimental research is conducted to capture the Eye-tracking data of the subjects, so as to determine their degree of preference for space. A one-week experiment of virtual space preference is performed on ten children with ASD aged 8-14, and the experimental data are collected and organized by the researcher from two parts, namely, eye-tracking data validity and spatial validity. By comparing the experimental data processing, it is figured out that the subjects are more inclined to Space 2 in the experiment, and most of the subjects show a strong interest in Space 2. These results preliminarily indicate that eye-tracking data of children with ASD can serve as a basis for judging their preferences.
Research on Landscape Design of Wetland Parks from an Ecological Perspective
Authors: Xiang Mengqi
Published: October 2024

Urban wetland parks represent a unique ecosystem within cities, possessing significant environmental regulation and social service functions. This paper takes Wuhan East Lake National Wetland Park as its research subject. Through an investigation of the current status of East Lake National Wetland Park, and in conjunction with relevant theories on wetland park landscape construction, it analyzes the landscape construction strategies of Wuhan East Lake National Wetland Park from an ecological perspective.
An Empirical Study of WGAN and WGAN-GP for Enhanced Image Generation
Authors: Lu Liyuan
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to advance the Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks (WGANs) and their enhancements, particularly focusing on the gradient penalty. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), introduced by Goodfellow et al. in 2014, have revolutionized the domain of image generation. To address the limitations of GANs, the WGAN was proposed. However, WGANs rely on weight clipping, which introduces its own set of issues such as slow convergence and potential gradient vanishing. The inefficiency and instability of WGANs have troubled its users. To solve these problems, WGAN with Gradient Penalty (WGAN-GP) was developed to address these challenges. It provides more stable gradients and reduces the risk of mode collapse by using a gradient penalty to enforce the necessary constraints. In this paper, the author implemented both WGAN and WGAN with Gradient Penalty (WGAN-GP) and evaluated them using the CIFAR-10 and MNIST datasets. The results show that WGAN-GP's outputs are more stable and efficient in the early rounds, confirming the effectiveness of the gradient penalty in training image datasets.
Performance Comparison of UCB, TS, and -Greedy TS Algorithms through Simulation of Multi-Armed Bandit Machine
Authors: Liu Zhuoran
Published: October 2024

Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) algorithms are classic algorithms that address sequential decision-making under uncertainty by solving the exploration-exploitation trade-off dilemma. This study investigates the performance comparison of multiple MAB algorithms using a simulated multi-armed bandit machine with Bernoulli reward distribution as the experimental environment. This study compares the performance differences among Upper Confidence Bound (UCB), Thompson Sampling (TS) and -Greedy Thompson Sampling (-TS) in this environment, and attempts to set different parameters, namely the number of arms and the number of experimental rounds and calculate the corresponding cumulative regret of the algorithm under various conditions. The size of the cumulative regret reflects the performance of each algorithm in the simulated slot machine model with rewards that conform to the Bernoulli distribution. In addition, the algorithm running time under the same conditions is also recorded to analyze from the perspective of algorithm efficiency. The experimental results show that under the experimental environment of this study, the cumulative regret produced by the UCB algorithm is more than three times that of the other two algorithms. When the number of trials is small, the cumulative regret generated by the TS algorithm is small, but overall, the performance of the TS algorithm and the -TS algorithm set in this experiment in minimizing the cumulative regret is not much different. However, TS runs in a shorter time under the same conditions. The results of this experiment show that after the number of rounds of experimental operation reaches a large enough number, the operating efficiency of the TS algorithm will be significantly higher than that of the -TS algorithm. TS algorithms have higher randomness, so they show better performance under this experimental condition. The -TS under the parameter setting of this study encourages exploration more in the early stage of the experiment, so it will produce greater cumulative regret than the traditional TS algorithm. In the long run, the performance difference between the two in the multi-armed bandit problem with Bernoulli distribution of rewards is very small. However, the TS algorithm has more advantages in algorithm execution efficiency, so when solving similar problems, the TS algorithm is a better choice.
Mobile Banking: Drives Changes in The Consumptive Behavior of Generation Z in Batu Ampar Kramat Jati
Authors: Fadillah Putri Nur , Subali Subali
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of technology has led to various changes in the banking industry, including the rise of electronic payments such as mobile banking. This study aims to understand the impact of mobile banking on the consumption behavior of Generation Z in the Batu Ampar area of Kramat Jati. The study collected quantitative data through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents with sampling techniques, namely non-probability sampling in the form of purposive sampling. The data was then analyzed using the SPSS 25 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) application. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between mobile banking and consumptive behavior. The regression test revealed that for every 1% increase in mobile banking usage, the value of consumption behavior increases by 1.471. Through the Product Moment Correlation Analysis, it is known that R count 0.05 ≥ 0.000 means that there is a significant relationship between Mobile Banking (X) and Consumptive Behavior (Y). In the F test, it is obtained that F count is 36.417> F table, namely 3.94, which can be seen that variable X (Mobile Banking) has an effect on variable Y (Consumptive Behavior) which means Hα is accepted and H0 is rejected by having an influence value of 27.1% of the consumption behavior can be attributed to mobile banking, while the remaining 72.9% is influenced by other factors not considered in this study. Overall, these findings highlight the influence of mobile banking on the consumption behavior of Generation Z.
Sklerallinsenanpassung bei einem Kleinkind nach Exzision eines Limbusdermoid
Authors: Speedwell Lynne , Lakhani Shreeti , McVeigh Emma
Published: October 2024

Purpose. This case report describes the management of refractive error and amblyopia using a scleral lens fitted to the eye of a young child with an irregular cornea resulting from limbal dermoid removal and corneal transplant in infancy. Material and Methods. A young infant was initially fitted with spectacles and occlusion therapy following the surgical excision of a limbal dermoid and full thickness corneal transplant. The vision did not improve in spite of patching so the child was referred for contact lens fitting. Various iterations of scleral lens fitting were carried out. Results. Scleral lens fitting was attempted from the age of 2 years but transplant rejections, the COVID-19 pandemic and variable cooperation meant that adequate lens wear could not be achieved in the early stages. In addition, the corneal shape changed during the course of the fitting. During these periods, spectacle wear and occlusion therapy were maintained until a good lens fit could be achieved following several modifications. Treatment is ongoing but at the age of 5 years, the visual acuity is 0.24 logMAR letters. Conclusion. Scleral lenses can be used to habilitate the vision in an eye with an irregular cornea but when scleral lens wear is not possible, it is important to persevere with spectacle correction and patching therapy. Several iterations of scleral lenses may be needed as the eye changes and the child grows.
Aktueller Stand der Früherkennung von Hornhautektasien – Die korneale biomechanische Analyse
Authors: Herber Robert , Raiskup Frederik
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Topographic and tomographic parameters are often not sufficient for early diagnosis of corneal changes. Pathological processes begin in the microstructure before topographic/tomographic abnormalities become apparent. Biomechanical parameters correlate strongly with microscopic structural parameters, while they can be used for early detection of ectasia. Material and Methods. This review summarizes the biomechanical properties of the cornea with regard to the detection of early ectasia and keratoconus. Air-puff tonometry is used to record the deformation behavior of the cornea and to derive corneal deformation parameters and biomechanical indices for ectasia detection. Results. The biomechanical parameters in keratoconus differ significantly from those of healthy eyes. Changes in the cornea can be detected even before topographic or tomographic changes. Artificial intelligence approaches support the merging of the numerous available data on single parameters for appropriate handling in clinical practice. Conclusion. Examination of corneal biomechanics using air-puff tonometry is a new method to detect possible early changes in the tissue. The biomechanical parameters, especially those of Scheimpflug-based air-puff tonometry, reveal changes before they are visible on topography or tomography. This is of great importance in refractive surgery, but also in the management of keratoconus.
Literaturrecherche und Methodenbewertung zur Oberflächenreibung von weichen Kontaktlinsen
Authors: Förster Nele , Sickenberger Wolfgang , Marx Sebastian
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Numerous reports have hypothesised that there is a strong correlation between the contact lens (CL) comfort and its on-eye friction. Hence many methods had been developed, to measure coefficients of friction (CoF) of soft CL. The aim of this work is the review, evaluation and discussion of these methods. Material and Methods. From the relevant literature, 15 methods published between 1995 and 2021 have been chosen based on their frequency of citation or because of their new or unusual approach. The evaluation focuses on the requirement that the method should closely mimic the CL on-eye situation. Moreover, it has been examined if these methods produce comparable results. Results. None of the methods meet the requirements in every aspect and many show large differences in the used techniques. That includes the often used tribometer, a rheometer, a pendulum, an inclined glass plate and fingers. Moreover, it has been shown that the methods create a wide range of CoFs. For example, the material nelfilcon A, measured by five different methods, show values between 0.013 and 0.474. That is a difference of 0.461. On the other side, for narafilcon A the difference between CoFs is only 0.143. Conclusion. To ensure that results from CoF measurements are valid and comparable between and within studies, a standardised method needs to be defined or developed. Choosing methods and parameters that simulate on-eye conditions would be beneficial in predicting wearing comfort and the effect of lubricating eyedrops. Thus, a more suitable method must be developed in the future.
Hubungan Adversity Quotient dan Self Efficacy dengan Kreativitas Siswa di MA Mambaul Ulum Bata-Bata Pamekasan
Authors: Faruk Umarul
Published: October 2024

This study aims to explain the relationship between adversity quotient and self-efficacy with creativity involving 80 students of Madrasah Aliyah Mambaul Ulum Bata-bata in Pamekasan (40 students of class X and 40 students of class XI). The measuring tools used are the adversity quotient scale and the creativity scale proposed by experts, as well as the self efficacy scale. The results showed that adversity quotient and self efficacy were significantly correlated with creativity where the value of F = 31.560 at the value of p = 0.000 (p < 0.01). The determination coefficient is 0.450, so this means that the adversity quotient variable and the self efficacy variable (independent variable) give an effective contribution together of 45% to the creativity variable (bound variable), while the remaining 55% is influenced by other variables that are not included in this study.
Revitalisasi Karya Sastra Islami dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia untuk Membangun Karakter Islami MA Darul Ulum II Bujur Tengah Pamekasan
Authors: Wafi Abdul , Hasan Moh. Khalid
Published: October 2024

This study aims to explore and analyze the revitalization of Islamic literary works in Indonesian language learning at MA Darul Ulum II Bujur Tengah Pamekasan, focusing on three main aspects: the use of Islamic literary works in learning, the teaching methods applied by teachers, and their impact on the formation of students' Islamic character. Through a qualitative approach, data is collected through observation, interviews with teachers and students, and analysis of learning documents. Data analysis techniques consist of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the use of Islamic literary works has been carried out significantly, with the selection of relevant works to support learning objectives and Islamic values. The teaching methods used by teachers include interactive discussions, critical readings, and creative activities that actively engage students, thereby increasing their engagement and understanding of the material. In addition, the impact of teaching Islamic literary works on students' character can be seen from the improvement of Islamic attitudes, behaviors, and values applied in daily life. This study concludes that the revitalization of Islamic literary works in Indonesian learning not only enriches students' learning experience, but also contributes to the development of strong Islamic characters.
Hakikat Manusia Menurut Pandangan Islam (Studi Literatur)
Authors: Elvarisna Elvarisna , Sari Rahmi , Irawadi Hermen , Amra Abhanda
Published: October 2024

This research aims to describe the concept of human rights in an Islamic perspective by exploring the primary sources of the Qur'an and Hadith. This study examines how Islam's views on human nature, the role of the caliph, and the purpose of human creation affect the understanding of human rights. In addition, this study also analyzes how these concepts are elaborated by scholars and how their implications for human life practices. Through a qualitative approach with literature review, this research is expected to contribute to enriching the understanding of human rights in the context of Islamic values, as well as identifying the relevance of these values in the context of modern life
Tourism Student Satisfaction with Extra-curricular Activities in a Public Higher Education Institution in the Philippines
Authors: Magboo-Campo Catherine
Published: October 2024

Higher education institution (HEI) is viewed as a significant driver of individual and national prosperity. HEI in the Philippines like Mindoro State University (MinSU), the only university in the province, delivers student development services that are designed for the exploration, enhancement, and development of the student’s full potential for personal growth, leadership, and social responsibility through various institutional and student-initiated activities. Recognizing this, MinSU is focusing on meeting its students’ needs, expectations, and satisfaction, the ultimate beneficiaries of the educational experience. This study assessed the satisfaction of tourism management students with extra-curricular activities (ECAs) during the academic year 2023-2024. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study utilizes a quantitative survey to gauge overall satisfaction and identify areas of strength and weakness. Additionally, qualitative interviews provide an in-depth exploration of student experiences, allowing them to articulate the “why” behind their satisfaction levels and let them make recommendations. Findings show students prioritized participation in cultural ECAs that provided opportunities to showcase their talents and creativity, contributing to reduced academic stress. Additionally, to improve student preparedness, the Council of Tourism Students Organization might consider a phased implementation of the existing SCALE program for the next semester. This study provides the factors that contribute to student satisfaction with ECAs, ultimately for the development of more engaging and enriching action plans that enhance the holistic experience towards student-initiated activities for lifelong learners as the future tourism industry workforce.
Basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Bala Mujtaba , Umar Sufiyanu , Salihu Aliyu , Bawa Anas , Braimah Ramat , Abubakar mohammad
Published: October 2024

Basal cell adenoma (BCA) is a rare benign tumor of the salivary glands that often involves the parotid gland. It is clinically similar to other benign tumors of the salivary glands, such as pleomorphic adenoma. Histopathology remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to report the case of a 50-year-old man who presented with a painless, firm, non-tender, mobile tumor in the left parotid gland for 2 years. A detailed history and histological examination revealed a basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland. This study also provides a review of related literature.
Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an inactivated infectious bronchitis virus vaccine candidate from a local isolate of Bangladesh
Authors: Parvin Mst , Haque Md , Haque Mohammad , Kamal Md , Sadekuzzaman Mohammad , Hayat Sajedul , Rahman Md , Siddique Mahbubul , Nahar Sham , Khasruzzaman A , Hossain Muhammad , Islam Md
Published: October 2024

Objective: Infectious bronchitis (IB), a highly infectious acute viral disease, is a major burden to the chicken industry worldwide. The research aimed to develop an inactivated IB vaccine using local isolates and assess its immunogenicity compared to other commercial live IB vaccines.
Materials and Methods: An inactivated vaccine using a candidate IB virus (PP067159.1: Alim_IB_1001) of the QX genotype was developed according to WOAH guidelines. Chickens were vaccinated with three doses (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 ml) at 7 days old, with a booster at 37 days old via subcutaneous (SC) and intramuscular (IM) routes. Blood samples were collected on days 7, 37, and 67 to measure immune response by indirect ELISA. On day 67, chickens were challenged with a virulent IBV strain to assess vaccine protection. The experimental IB vaccine’s immunogenicity, protective efficacy, and antibody duration were compared to a live IB vaccine (Live CEVAC® IBird) using three vaccination schedules: killed-followed-killed, live-followed-killed, and live-followed-live.
Results: Chickens vaccinated with SC with 1.0 ml showed higher antibody titers compared to other SC and IM routes of vaccination. SC vaccination with 0.5 and 1 ml provided the highest protection (93%). The killed-followed-killed vaccination method produced a more consistent and protective level of antibody titers in chickens compared to the other vaccination schedules. The experimental inactivated IB vaccine led to a higher survival rate (93%) compared to live-followed-killed (87%) and live-followed-live (73%), with statistical significance (p < 0.01). All three chicken groups maintained protective antibody titers (>396) at 307 days, but titers declined faster in the live-followed-live and live-followed-killed groups compared to the killed-followed-killed group.
Conclusion: The study found that the experimental inactivated IB vaccination can protect com¬mercial-layer chickens from natural IB outbreaks of the QX genotype.
The effect of toll-like receptor 7/8 ligand in inhibiting the motility of putative X-chromosome-bearing sperm in rams
Authors: Setiawan Rangga , Widyastuti Rini , Nurmeidiansyah An , Solihati Nurcholidah
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study aims to determine the effect of a toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) ligand on the motility of putative X- and Y-chromosome-bearing sperm in rams.
Materials and Methods: Sperm from three fertile rams were incubated with tris-citrate buffer containing 0 to 0.9 μM resiquimod (a TLR7/8 ligand) that affects only the X chromosome sperm. Sperm was then subjected to a swim-up test method. After incubation, sperm in the top and lower layers of the media were transferred into a separate new tube. Sperm motility characteristics, concentration, morphometry, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration from both layers were identified. The data were analyzed for multiple comparisons using one-way analysis of variance.
Results: The study demonstrated that the presence of resiquimod used in the swim-up method facilitated the morphometric separation of smaller sperm, predominantly representing Y chromosome sperm in the top layer. Meanwhile, larger samples, indicating X chromosome sperm, accumulated in the lower layer of the media, thus increasing sperm concentration. Resiquimod also decreased motility in the lower layer, but samples in the top layer were unaffected. This decrease was reinforced by the depletion of the ATP level of sperm at the lower level.
Conclusion: The TLR7/8 ligand reduced the motility of the putative X-sperm by decreasing their ATP content, allowing separation from the putative Y-sperm. These results suggested the importance of TLR7/8 as a potential biomarker in sperm selection technology.
Infectivity and molecular epidemiology of Peste des Petits ruminants virus in slaughtered goats at the local meat market of Mymensingh division, Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Sajeda , Pervin Munmun , Sultana Nazneen , Hossain Muhammad , Islam Md , Khan Mohammad
Published: October 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize the circulating Peste des Petits Ruminants virus (PPRV) from slaughtered goats and conduct a phylogenetic analysis of the N gene of PPRV.
Materials and Methods: A total of 196 slaughtered goats were investigated at the marketplaces of Mymensingh division from January 2019 to March 2021. Lungs, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes were collected for histology and molecular study. In-house developed Reverse- Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) protocols were carried out using designed primer sets (PPRV NF-gctctgtgattgcggctgagc and PPRV NR-cctggtcctccagaatcttggcc). The CLC sequence viewer was used for phylogenetic analysis.
Results: Grossly pneumonic lungs, shrinkage spleen, and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes with hemorrhages were recorded. Both intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies were seen in lymphocytes of the mesenteric lymph node, spleen, and lungs. PPRV was detected in 37 goats (18.9%) by RT-PCR test. The 402-bp amplicon was generated in PPRV-positive cases. The phylo¬genetic analysis showed that the studied PPRV isolates of the Mymensingh division belonged to lineage IV.
Conclusion: The prevalence of PPR was 18.9% in slaughtered goats at marketplaces in the Mymensingh division. Slaughterhouses may be a source of PPRV, and it can be horizontally trans¬mitted from the meat market to the farm. Restricting sick animal movement within the country, mass PPR vaccination campaigns, increased awareness, and improved biosecurity in the meat market may lessen the incidence of PPR in goats.
Performance and nutritional status of Holstein crossbred cows in a selected area of Bangladesh under the existing farming system
Authors: Rahman Md , Chowdhury Rakhi , Islam Khan
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the body weight (BW), milk yield, nutritional status, and profitability of moderate genetic (MG) and high genetic (HG) merit of Holstein crossbred (HC) cows in a tropical region under the existing farming system.
Materials and Methods: Data was gathered from 204 nursing cows of MG (n = 99) and HG (n = 105) merit of HC cows throughout a year in the dairy zone Keraniganj, Bangladesh. HC cows of MG and HG merit contained 50.0%–67.7% and 75.0%–87.5% Holstein blood, respectively. Data on genetic merit, BW, lactation stage and number, daily milk yield, feed intake, feed, and milk price were documented. All variables were except genetic merit analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.
Results: HC cows of MG and HG merit had 433 and 493 kg BW (p < 0.01), and daily produced 11.99 and 14.06 kg milk (p = 0.07) with having 0.99 and 1.15 feed efficiency (p = 0.06), respectively but dry matter intake did not vary (p > 0.05). HC cows of both genetic merit daily offered surplus metabolizable energy and digestible crude protein through roughage and concentrate than their requirement (p > 0.05). The milk production cost of both genetic merit HC cows was alike (p > 0.05), whereas almost two times more profit was obtained in HG merit HC compared to MG merit HC cows (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: HC cows of HG merit showed superior potentiality of milk yield, profit, and feed efficiency, whereas MG merit HC cows revealed inferior feed efficiency and milk yield.
Seasonal histological changes and aquaporin 5 immunoreactivity in the ductus deferens and prostate gland of Saudi Arabian dromedary camel
Authors: Babiker Marwa
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the seasonal histological structure changes and immunoreactivity of Aquaporin 5 (AQP-5) in the ductus deferens and prostate under the light microscope.
Materials and Methods: For the present study, twelve mature male camels were employed. Following the animals breeding and non-breeding seasons of slaughter under official licensing and veterinary supervision, samples were obtained from various regions of the ductus deferens and prostate gland and processed using general histology and immunohistochemical methods.
Results: The secretory end pieces of the vas deferens ampulla and prostate gland of the Saudi Arabian dromedary camel were well developed during reproductive and non-reproductive seasons. The spermatozoa were noticed in the lumen of the ductus deferens during the reproductive and non-reproductive seasons. The response of AQP-5 in the ductus deferens was particularly
significant throughout the not-rutting season. Moreover, during the non-breeding season, the prostate gland showed a strong to moderate response. In the breeding season, the ampulla of the ductus deferens showed an insignificant reaction. Additionally, the body and disseminated portion of the prostate gland showed a mild to moderate response.
Conclusion: The results suggested that Saudi Arabian dromedary camels might produce sperm during rutting and non-rutting seasons.
Classical swine fever: Unveiling the complexity through a multifaceted approach
Authors: Khairullah Aswin , Effendi Mustofa , Moses Ikechukwu , Fauzia Kartika , Puspitasari Yulianna , Riwu Katty , Fauziah Ima , Raissa Ricadonna , Silaen Otto , Wibowo Syahputra , Yanestria Sheila , Kusala Muhammad , Abdila Syafiadi , Pratama Bima , Hasib Abdullah
Published: October 2024

Classical swine fever (CSF), sometimes referred to as hog cholera, is a highly contagious, virally-based, systemic illness that affects both domestic and wild pigs. The virus known as classical swine fever (CSFV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family, specifically the genus Pestivirus. This disease is thought to be endemic in many Asian countries that produce pork as well as in several countries in Central and South America, the Caribbean, and elsewhere. As previously indicated, depending on the virulence of the virus strain involved and several host circumstances, clinical indications of CSFV infection can vary greatly, ranging from abrupt fatality to an occult course. CSF diagnosis can be made by serological detection, antigen, RNA, and isolation. CSF's highly varied symptoms and post-mortem pathology resemble those of African swine fever. African swine fever (ASF). The kind of CSFV, the pig's age, and its susceptibility all affect the clinical symptoms. Pigs that contract CSFV, a highly infectious and economically significant virus. The great economic significance of the swine business makes the classical swine fever virus a potential bioterrorism threat. Live attenuated CSF vaccinations have been around for many years and are quite safe and effective. Controlling epidemics in CSFV-free zones requires quick action. Pigs that are impacted must be slaughtered, and the carcasses must be buried or burned.
Stem bark ethanolic extract of Pinus merkusii induces caspase 9-mediated apoptosis in HeLa cells
Authors: Achmad Agung , Proboningrat Annise , Ansori Arif , Fadholly Amaq , Rochmi Siti , Samsudin Rinza , Hidayatik Nanik , Hendarti Gracia , Jayanti Shara
Published: October 2024

Background:
Cervical cancer is a severe concern for women throughout the world. This percentage of cancer incidence causes sufferers to die at a high rate. It is believed that the bark of the Pinus merkusii tree contains anti-cancer compounds that inhibit cervical cancer cell growth.

Aim:
This present study aims to examine the cytotoxic ability of P. merkusii tree bark ethanol extract (PMBE) by inducing apoptosis in HeLa cells.

Methods:
We administered the PMBE at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 400 µg/mL to HeLa cell cultures. We then conducted the MTT cytotoxicity assay, detected apoptosis via Annexin V binding, and observed caspase 9 expression via immunocytochemistry.

Results:
PMBE showed cytotoxic activity on HeLa cells with an IC50 of 226.6 µg/mL for 24 hours of treatment. PMBE caused early apoptosis in up to 81.31% of HeLa cells, as well as increased caspase-9 expression.

Conclusion:
Based on this study, PMBE is predicted to have dose-dependent antiproliferative or cytotoxicity effects on the HeLa cell line through the intrinsic pathway apoptosis mechanism.
Effect of Java plum (Syzygium cumini) leave extract and a silver nanoparticles synthesis on pathogens in skin diseases of dogs
Authors: Wongstitwilairoong Namthip , Jermnark Usuma , Paochoosak Napasorn , Limsivilai Orawan , Chimnoi Wissanuwat , Yohannes Yared , Ikenaka Yoshinori , Saengtienchai Aksorn
Published: October 2024

Background:
Antibiotic use has been rising in both humans and animals. The growing concern over antimicrobial drug resistance and the promotion of regional drug use have led to a rising in the interest medicinal applications of herbs combined with biosynthesized nanoparticles.

Aim:
To evaluate the antimicrobial and acaricidal effects of Syzygium cumini leaves crude extract (Sc-CE) and biosynthesized S. cumini silver nanoparticles (Sc-AgNPs) on dog skin pathogens and determined the optimal concentration and time for in vitro application.

Methods:
S. cumini leaves (Sc) were prepared as Sc-CE and Sc-AgNPs. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized employing various techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Phytochemical analyses were conducted using liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry screening (LC/QTOF-MS). Antimicrobial activity was examined against gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, yeast strains including Malassezia pachydermatis and Candida albicans, and ectoparasite. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on canine primary dermal fibroblast (CPDF) using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Results:
The Sc-AgNPs exhibited nanoparticle sizes ranging from 100 to 350 nm with aggregated spherical shape and contained Ag element in this nanoparticle. Myricetin and Phloretin were among the extracted compounds, contributing to the reduction of pathogenic organisms. Sc-AgNPs showed high efficacy against skin pathogens compared to Sc-CE, with lower cytotoxicity effect on CPDF.

Conclusion:
The Sc-AgNPs demonstrated superior efficiency against pathogens in dog skin diseases as both concentration- and time-dependent and were deemed safe to CPDF within 24h.
Navigating Q fever: Current perspectives and challenges in outbreak preparedness
Authors: Meles Dewa , Khairullah Aswin , Mustofa Imam , Wurlina Wurlina , Akintunde Adeyinka , Suwasanti Niluh , Mustofa Rheza , Putra Satriawan , Moses Ikechukwu , Kusala Muhammad , Raissa Ricadonna , Fauzia Kartika , Aryaloka Suhita , Fauziah Ima , Yanestria Sheila , Wibowo Syahputra
Published: October 2024

Q fever, also known as query fever, is a zoonotic illness brought on by the Coxiella burnetii bacteria. This disease was first discovered in 1935 in Queensland, Australia. Worldwide, Q fever is a disease that requires notification, and certain nations classify it as a national health concern. A feature of C. burnetii is known as cell wall phase fluctuation. Serological testing is the main method used to diagnose Q fever illnesses. Inhalation is the primary method of C. burnetii transmission in both people and animals, with smaller amounts occurring through milk and milk product ingestion. The bacterial strain that is causing the infection determines how severe it is. Q fever is a significant zoonosis that can be dangerous for personnel working in veterinary laboratories, livestock breeding operations, and slaughterhouses due to its high human contagiousness. C. burnetii is a biological weapon that can be sprayed on food, water, or even mail. It can also be employed as an aerosol. Antibiotics work well against this disease's acute form, but as the infection develops into a chronic form, treatment becomes more difficult and the illness frequently returns, which can result in a high death rate. Vaccination has been demonstrated to lower the incidence of animal infections, C. burnetii shedding, and abortion. Several hygienic precautions should be put in place during an outbreak to lessen the spread of disease to animals.
Therapeutic effect of nimustine in a dog with intracranial histiocytic sarcoma
Authors: Tagawa Michihito , Itoi Takamasa , Yoshitake Ryohei , Kutara Kenji , Akashi Natsuki , Mitsui Ikki , Okamura Yasuhiko
Published: October 2024

Background:
Intracranial histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is uncommon in dogs, and no standard treatment has yet been defined for this disease. Herein, we describe a case of intracranial HS that responded favorably to nimustine treatment.

Case Description:
A 9-year-old, castrated Welsh Corgi Pembroke presented with a two-month history of quadriplegia. Intracranial disease was suspected on neurological examination, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a contrast-enhanced mass in the left frontal lobe. Following tissue biopsy, the patient received intravenous nimustine (ACNU) treatment. The patient's neurological symptoms partially improved, and a reduction in tumor volume was observed on MRI on day 99. After three administrations of ACNU, tumor regrowth was confirmed on day 124, and temozolomide was subsequently administered. The patient subsequently showed no major changes in clinical symptoms, but subsequently died suddenly on day 195.

Conclusion:
In this case, administration of ACNU provided temporary symptom improvement and tumor reduction. Therefore, ACNU monotherapy may be a therapeutic option for canine intracranial HS.
Factors influencing survival time in dogs with lymphoma: Correspondence
Authors: Daungsupawong Hinpetch , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: October 2024

The publication on “Evaluation of factors influencing survival time in 77 dogs with lymphoma”. This work offers important insights into prognostic markers in canine lymphoma. However, there are several areas where the technique and outcomes should be improved.
Acute phase proteins patterns as biomarkers in bacterial infection: Recent insights
Authors: Ali Amer , Darwish Wageh
Published: October 2024

Escherichia coli is a bacterium with command and pathogenic variants. It has been implicated in the induction of several inflammatory conditions. Finding a biomarker for infection began many years ago. The challenge of using acute phase proteins (APPs) as biomarkers for infection is a promising target for many researchers in this field. Many APPs have been studied for their roles as biomarkers of E. coli infection. The following review aims to highlight recent trials that have approved the use of adiponectin, amyloid A, ceruloplasmin, C-reactive protein, Haptoglobin, and Pentraxin 3 as biomarkers for E. coli infection and assess the obtained results. In conclusion, despite the existing approaches for the use of APPs as biomarkers in E. coli infection, we recommend more precise studies to enable these markers to be more specific and applicable in clinical fields. APPs could be markers for systemic inflammatory conditions, regardless of the causative agent.
Source of semiprimeness of $\ast$-prime rings
Authors: Karalarlıoğlu Camcı Didem , Yeşil Didem , Albayrak Barış
Published: October 2024

This study constructs a structure $S_{R}^{\ast}$ that had never been studied before and obtained new results by defining a subset $S_{R}^{\ast}$ of $R$ as
$S_{R}^{\ast}=\left\{ \left. a\in R\right\vert aRa=aRa^{\ast}=(0)\right\} $ where $\ast$ is an involution and it is called as the source of $\ast$-semiprimeness of $R$. Moreover, it investigates some properties of the subset $S_{R}^{\ast}$ in any ring $R$. Additionally, the relation between the prime radical, which provides the opportunity to work on prime rings, has been studied in many ways, and the set $\mathcal{S}_{R}^{\sigma}$, the motivation of this study, is provided. Furthermore, it is proved that $\mathcal{S}_{R}^{\sigma}=\{0\}$ in the case where the ring $R$ is a reduced ($\sigma$-semiprime) ring and $f(\mathcal{S}_{R}^{\sigma})=\mathcal{S}_{f(R)}^{\sigma}$ under certain conditions for a ring homomorphism $f$. Besides, it is presented that for the idempotent element $e$, the inclusion $e\mathcal{S}_{R}^{\sigma}e\subseteq\mathcal{S}_{eRe}^{\sigma}$ is provided, and for the right ideal (ideal) $I$ of the ring $R$, $\mathcal{S}_{R}^{\sigma}(I)$ is a left semigroup ideal (semigroup ideal) of the multiplicative semigroup $R$. In addition, it is analyzed that the set $\mathcal{S}_{R}^{\sigma}$ is contained by the intersection of all semiprime ideals of the ring $R$.
The Influence of Transformational Leadership and HEXACO Personality on Millennial Soldiers' Discipline in Indonesian Army (TNI AD)
Authors: Yudhiksa I Made Maha , Darwin Muhadjir , Kutanegara Pande Made , Sumaryono
Published: October 2024

This study examined the influence of transformational leadership style and HEXACO personality dimensions on the discipline of millennial soldiers in the Indonesian Army (TNI AD), focusing on leadership levels in Combat and Combat Support Battalions. The research utilized a mixed-method approach to explore how these variables interacted and contributed to enhancing soldier discipline. The findings indicated that both the transformational leadership style and the HEXACO personality dimensions significantly influenced soldier discipline. Furthermore, the study provided recommendations for applying an ideal leadership style that aligns with the unique cultural and generational characteristics in Indonesia. This research contributed to military leadership literature by offering new insights into human resource management within a military context, particularly in addressing the challenges posed by the millennial generation.
Post-Thoracotomy Pain Syndrome: Incidence, Neuropathic Component, and Risk Factors
Authors: Ermis Okan , Karabiyik Lale , Akcali Didem , Tastepe Abdullah Irfan
Published: October 2024

Objective: Pain that recurs or persists at least two months after thoracotomy is defined as post-thoracotomy pain syndrome (PTPS), and neuropathic pain (NP) is expected to develop in approximately half of these patients. This study aimed to examine the frequency of PTPS, the neuropathic component of pain, and the effecting risk factors in patients who underwent thoracotomy. Methods: 862 patients who underwent thoracotomy were monitored between January 2010 and May 2013 at Gazi University Faculty of Medicine Hospital. The study continued with 277 patients who could be contacted by phone at least three months after the operation. In these patients, the presence of pain was questioned, if present, the severity of pain, NP and affecting risk factors were investigated. The pain severity and NP component were evaluated using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) questionnaires, respectively. Results: Severe PTPS frequency after thoracotomy was found to be 19.1 % and NP was present in 53% of patients with NRS 3-10. As the severity of pain increased, the frequency of NP and analgesic drug consumption increased (p<0.05). As risk factors gender, age, operation duration and epidural analgesia application did not significantly affect the frequency and severity of PTPS and NP. As the time after the operation increased; PTSP frequency, neuropathic pain frequency and pain intensity were decreased (p<0.05). Conclusion: Severe PTPS is detected in approximately one in five patients who undergone thoracotomy and half of them had NP. The neuropathic component of pain increases as pain intensity increases and decreases as time passes after surgery. The development of PTPS and NP should be reduced by providing effective analgesia. Keywords: Thoracotomy, chronic pain, post-thoracotomy pain syndrome, neuropathic pain
Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided and Palpation Techniques in Radial Artery Cannulation
Authors: Salık Fikret , Turgut Mehmet Ali , Kaydu Ayhan , Baysal Yıldırım Zeynep , Andan İbrahim , Erdal Erbatur Meral , Kızıltaş Ayşe , Şener Fuat , Aktiz Bıçak Esra , Bıçak Mustafa
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to evaluate ultrasound-guided radial artery cannulation versus conventional digital palpation techniques in terms of first-trial success, number of attempts, intervention time, and complication rates. Methods: The study was designed as a prospective, randomized, controlled study. The study included 44 patients and divided into two groups: Group US (ultrasound guided cannulation group) and Group P (palpation cannulation group). Demographic data and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded. Procedure time, number of cannulas used, success rate on the first attempt, complications and number of attempts were analyzed in both groups. Results: Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were similar between the groups. In the ultrasound-guided cannulation group, the cannulation time was significantly shorter (p=0.023), the success rate on the first attempt was higher (p=0.042), the number of cannulas used was lower (p=0.030), and the number of attempts was lower (p=0.039) compared to the palpation method. However, complication rates were similar between both groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that ultrasound-guided radial artery cannulation is superior to digital palpation with higher first-trial success, shorter procedure time, and less cannula use. The results support the standardization of ultrasound-guided cannulation in larger populations. Keywords: Radial artery cannulation, ultrasound, palpation, success