bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Посвящается памяти А.И. Морозова Фаза Имри-Ма в системах с дефектами типа "случайное локальное поле" и "случайная локальная анизотропия" (О б з о р)
Authors: Берзин А.А. , Морозов А.И. , Сигов А.С.
Published: October 2021

The conditions for the appearance in systems with defects of the "random local field" and "random local anisotropy" type of the Imry-Ma phases, in which the direction of the order parameter follows large-scale fluctuations of a random field or random anisotropy, are considered. It is shown that the anisotropy of the distribution of random fields of defects in the space of the order parameter can lead to the appearance of the long-range order. An attention is paid to phase diagrams arising as a result of competition between random fields of defects and anisotropy induced by defects. By the example of a system with random anisotropy (nanocrystalline ferromagnet), the dependences of the coercive field on the crystallite size are considered.
Двумерные электроны низкой плотности в магнитном поле
Authors: Бисти В.Е.
Published: October 2021

The photoluminescence spectrum from the two-dimensional low density electrons with the localized valence-band holes in magnetic field is studied. The ground state is considered as Wigner crystal ore the strongly correlated electron system. For the quantum Wigner crystal the Landau levels for vacancions (quasiholes appearing in the process of photoluminescence) are calculated in the quasiclassical approximation. The spectrum of single-particle excitations for a triangular lattice in the nearest-neighbor approximation is used. It is found that Landau levels for vacancions depend unusually on magnetic field. For the electron system with strong Coulomb interaction the Mahan exciton effect in the photoluminescence for the two-dimensional electrons in magnetic field is considered.
High Work-Related Stress and Anxiety as a Response to COVID-19 Among Health Care Workers in South Korea: Cross-sectional Online Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ahn Myung Hee , Shin Yong-Wook , Suh Sooyeon , Kim Jeong Hye , Kim Hwa Jung , Lee Kyoung-Uk , Chung Seockhoon
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 outbreak had a severe impact on health care workers' psychological health. It is important to establish a process for psychological assessment and intervention for health care workers during epidemics.

OBJECTIVE

We investigated risk factors associated with psychological impacts for each health care worker group, to help optimize psychological interventions for health care workers in countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

Respondents (n=1787) from 2 hospitals in Korea completed a web-based survey during the period from April 14 to 30, 2020. The web-based survey collected demographic information, psychiatric history, and responses to the 9-item Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics (SAVE-9), 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scales. We performed logistic regression to assess contributing factors as predictor variables, using health care workers’ depression as outcome variables.

RESULTS

Among 1783 health care workers, nursing professionals had significantly higher levels of depression (PHQ-9 score: meannurse 5.5, SD 4.6; meanother 3.8, SD 4.2; P<.001), general anxiety (GAD-7 score: meannurse 4.0, SD 4.1; meanother 2.7, SD 3.6; P<.001), and virus-related anxiety symptoms (SAVE-9 score: meannurse 21.6, SD 5.9; meanother 18.6, SD 6.3; P<.001). Among nursing professionals, single workers reported more severe depressive symptoms than married workers (PHQ-9 score ≥10; meannurse 20.3%; meanother 14.1%; P=.02), and junior (<40 years) workers reported more anxiety about the viral epidemic (SAVE-9 anxiety score; meannurse 15.6, SD 4.1; meanother 14.7, SD 4.4; P=.002). Logistic regression revealed that hospital (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.45, 95% CI 1.06-1.99), nursing professionals (adjusted OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.02-1.98), single workers (adjusted OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.05-2.16), higher stress and anxiety to the viral infection (high SAVE-9 score, adjusted OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.17-1.24), and past psychiatric history (adjusted OR 3.26, 95% CI 2.15-4.96) were positively associated with depression.

CONCLUSIONS

Psychological support and interventions should be considered for health care workers, especially nursing professionals, those who are single, and those with high SAVE-9 scores.

CLINICALTRIAL
Human-Centered Design of a Digital Health Tool to Promote Effective Self-care in Patients With Heart Failure: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Johnston William , Keogh Alison , Dickson Jane , Leslie Stephen J , Megyesi Peter , Connolly Rachelle , Burke David , Caulfield Brian
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Effective self-care is an important factor in the successful management of patients with heart failure (HF). Despite the importance of self-care, most patients with HF are not adequately taught the wide range of skills required to become proficient in self-care. Digital health technology (DHT) may provide a novel solution to support patients at home in effective self-care, with the view to enhancing the quality of life and ultimately improving patient outcomes. However, many of the solutions developed to date have failed to consider users’ perspectives at the point of design, resulting in poor effectiveness. Leveraging a human-centered design (HCD) approach to the development of DHTs may lead to the successful promotion of self-care behaviors in patients with HF.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to outline the HCD, development, and evaluation process of a DHT designed to promote effective self-care in patients with HF.

METHODS

A design thinking approach within the HCD framework was undertaken, as described in the International Organization for Standardization 9241-210:2019 regulations, using a 5-step process: empathize, ideate, design, develop, and test. Patients with HF were involved throughout the design and evaluation of the system. The designed system was grounded in behavior change theory using the Theoretical Domains Framework and included behavior change techniques. Mixed methods were used to evaluate the DHT during the testing phase.

RESULTS

Steps 1 to 3 of the process resulted in a set of evidence- and user-informed design requirements that were carried forward into the iterative development of a version 1 system. A cross-platform (iOS and Android) mobile app integrated with Fitbit activity trackers and smart scales was developed. A 2-week user testing phase highlighted the ease of use of the system, with patients demonstrating excellent adherence. Qualitative analysis of semistructured interviews identified the early potential for the system to positively influence self-care. Specifically, users perceived that the system increased their confidence and motivation to engage in key self-care behaviors, provided them with skills and knowledge that made them more aware of the importance of self-care behaviors, and might facilitate timely help seeking.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of an HCD methodology in this research has resulted in the development of a DHT that may engage patients with HF and potentially affect their self-care behaviors. This comprehensive work lays the groundwork for further development and evaluation of this solution before its implementation in health care systems. A detailed description of the HCD process used in this research will help guide the development and evaluation of future DHTs across a range of disease use cases.
mHealth Apps for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation: State of the Practice Review (Preprint)
Authors: Ryan Shíofra
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

The number of mobile health (mHealth) apps released for musculoskeletal (MSK) injury treatment and self-management of home-exercise programmes (HEPs) has risen rapidly in recent years as digital health interventions are explored and researched in more detail. As this number grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to navigate the market and select the most appropriate app for their use-case. It is also unclear as to what features developers of these apps are harnessing to support patient self-management, and how they fit into clinical care pathways.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to scope the current market of mHealth apps for MSK rehabilitation and to report on the app features, claims, evidence-base and functionalities.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study of apps for MSK rehabilitation was performed across both major app stores: iOS App Store and Google Play Store. Four search terms were used; physiotherapy rehabilitation, physical therapy rehabilitation, rehabilitation exercise and therapeutic exercise, to identify apps which were then cross-referenced against set selection criteria by four reviewers. Each reviewer, where possible, downloaded the app and accessed supplementary literature available on the product to assist in data extraction.

RESULTS

A total of 1322 apps were identified. After application of the inclusion/exclusion criteria and removal of duplicates, 144 apps were included in the study. Over half of the included apps (56.3%) had been released within the past three years. Three quarters (74.3%) of the apps made no reference to evidence supporting the design or efficacy of the app, with only 11.1% providing direct citations to research. The majority of apps did utilise exercise pictures (95.8%) or videos (67.4%), however comparatively few harnessed additional features to encourage engagement and support self-management such as an adherence log (45.8%), communication portal (22.2%), patient reported outcome capture (25%), or direct feedback (39.6%). Of note, and somewhat concern, many of these apps prescribed generic exercises (64.6%) in the absence of individualised input to the user, with few providing specific patient education (34%), and safety advice or disclaimers (26.4%).

CONCLUSIONS

The cohort of apps included in this study contained a large heterogeneity of features meaning it is difficult for users to identify the most appropriate or effective app. Many apps are missing the opportunity to offer key features which could promote exercise adherence and encourage self-management in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. Furthermore, very few developers currently offering products on the market are providing evidence to support the design and efficacy of their technologies.
Ferrocement as a Retrofitting Material for Beam Column Joint
Authors: Yadav Twinkle
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Structure safety is of utmost importance in modern days. Now- a- days ferrocement is gaining popularity as a retrofitting material due to ease of its application and availability. The most critical location of failure in any structure is beam column joint. The aim of this paper is to analyse the effect of retrofitting on beam column joint using ferrocement as a retrofitting material. Square wire mesh and triangular wire mesh was used for retrofitting beam column joint. Beam column joint is designed using ductile detailing code IS 13930:2016. Axial and reverse cyclic displacement load is applied on the specimen. Further unstrengthen and strengthened specimen were analysed using ANSYS software. A comparative study was done and it was concluded that after retrofitting, the specimen shows considerable decrease in total deformation. It shows that retrofitted beam column joint was more stable than the unstrengthened beam column joint. So, to increase the serviceability of any structure it is recommended to retrofit the structure. Keywords: BCJ, ferrocement, wire mesh, retrofitting
Street Pothole and Speed breaker detection with Theft Prevention Techniques: A Survey
Authors: Bokade Rushikesh
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Potholes are very harmful road surface conditions that prevent a safe, secure and reliable transportation and movement of people, goods and services. Road surface obstacles such as potholes affect the safety and comfort of most road users and commuters. Bad road networks hamper the smooth movement of goods and services and contribute to the poor growth and development of the economy whiles good road networks provides access to markets and enable fast and smooth transportation of goods and services from producers to consumers. Early detection and maintenance of potholes helps to create a conducive and reliable road network that facilitates the smooth movement of people, goods and services. Transportation Plays a Big Part of our daily Lives. Every year, People are Increasingly using vehicle Especially Two-wheeler Motorcycle their Common mode of Transportation. The increases of Motorcycle users, Motorcycle theft also rampant over the year. This paper contains a survey on various potholes and speed breaker detection techniques with theft protection techniques. Keywords: Street pothole, Speed breaker, machine learning, GSM, Theft prevention system, Micro-controller.
Razón y experiencia: contribuciones para una ampliación de la diversidad epistemológica
Authors: Ramírez Fernando Lautaro
Published: October 2021

The philosophical transformation carried out Xavier Zubiri, especially in his mature work: Sentient intelligence allows to rethink the bases of rationality in structural unity with the senses, allowing a plurality of ways of accessing reality on its foundation (experience), and surpass, in that way, the monological rationality promoted by positivism and pragmatism. To this end, we move through the different landmarks of Zubiri’s work: first, the primordial apprehension of reality from its multiple sentient openings; then, we stop at the constitution of meaning by logos emphasizing how culture prioritize one type of sense (view, hear, touch, etc.) over the rest, forging a type of openness to reality and determining a horizon of meaning for it; later, we inquire into how reason accesses the foundation of the real, this allows us to show how the different rationalities settle their options for meaning. From here we contrast with religious rationality founded on historical-scientific criterion, and a strictly religious one, which, ultimately, allow us to finish systematizing and giving a unity of meaning to the previews proposals that were made. Finally, all this enables us to explore the consequences for a sociology of knowledge (Epistemologies of the South), and to think about the conditions of intercultural dialogue, and, subsequently, the scenarios of and interlogical construction.
Interpretar el sufrimiento: Walter Benjamin, Theodor W. Adorno y la cuestión de la verdad
Authors: Moreno María Rita
Published: October 2021

This article postulates that the criticality of epistemology elaborated by Walter Benjamin and Theodor W. Adorno is based not so much on the reformulation of a philosophical praxis against modern reason, but mainly on the metamorphosis of the concept of truth. Specifically, it is affirmed that the critique of modern reason carried out by both thinkers is associated with the determination of the temporal nucleus of truth as negativity and mourning. In the context of a rational crisis, Benjamin and Adorno open the possibility of a relationship with objectivity in the form of a critical interpretation of that temporal nucleus. This, linked to the dialectic of modern catastrophe, deals with exposing the fragments produced by the subjectivist super-determination governed by the logic of identity. To justify this, first, we explain the identification made by both philosophers between the temporal nucleus of truth and the concept of sad-negative truth; imbrication that tries to condense the consequences of the subjectivist constitution of reason. Then, we point out the conjugation of this definition of truth with the production of suffering. Next, we determine in what sense the negativity of the truth opens up the dialectical character of the modern catastrophe. Finally, we indicate the necessary association of such a critical epistemology with the historical apocatastasis.
La Constitución después de octubre: el proceso constituyente frente a la crisis del neoliberalismo
Authors: Charney John , Marshall Pablo
Published: October 2021

This article analyses the constitutional crisis that was triggered in Chile by the events of 18 October 2019. The purpose is to explain the link between the constitution and social unrest and to explore whether a constituent process, such as the one designed in Chile, has the potential to address the unrest that produced it. The failed experience of Bachelet’s constituent process and the Latin American reform processes of the last thirty years show the threats and challenges of the future Chilean constitution.
Estimation accuracy of species abundance based on environmental DNA with relation to its production source, state, and assay methodology suggested by meta-analyses
Authors: Jo Toshiaki , Yamanaka Hiroki
Published: October 2021

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a promising tool for non-disruptive
and cost-efficient estimation of species abundance. However, its
practical applicability in natural environments is limited because it is
unclear whether eDNA concentrations actually represent species abundance
in the field. Although the importance of accounting for eDNA dynamics,
such as transport and degradation, has been discussed, the influences of
eDNA characteristics, including production source and state, and
methodology, including collection and quantification strategy and
abundance metrics, on the accuracy of eDNA-based abundance estimation
were entirely overlooked. We conducted a meta-analysis using 56 previous
eDNA literature and investigated the relationships between the accuracy
(R2) of eDNA-based abundance estimation and eDNA characteristics and
methodology. Our meta-regression analysis found that R2 values were
significantly lower for crustaceans than fish, suggesting that less
frequent eDNA production owing to their external morphology and
physiology may impede accurate estimation of their abundance via eDNA.
Moreover, R2 values were positively associated with filter pore size,
indicating that selective collection of larger-sized eDNA, which is
typically fresher, could improve the estimation accuracy of species
abundance. Furthermore, R2 values were significantly lower for natural
than laboratory conditions, while there was no difference in the
estimation accuracy among natural environments. Our findings shed a new
light on the importance of what characteristics of eDNA should be
targeted for more accurate estimation of species abundance. Further
empirical studies are required to validate our findings and fully
elucidate the relationship between eDNA characteristics and eDNA-based
abundance estimation.
Surrogation Fundamentals: Measurement and Cognition
Authors: Black Paul W. , Meservy Thomas O. , Tayler William B. , Williams Jeffrey O.
Published: October 2021

Measurement is a fundamental part of accounting. A primary purpose of measurement is to provide more concrete representations of abstract strategic objectives. A potential consequence of using measures to proxy for less-tangible strategic constructs is the tendency for managers to fall prey to surrogation, losing sight of strategic constructs and behaving as though measures are the constructs of interest. We show that surrogation is a nonconscious process. We also extend understanding of the conditions necessary for surrogation to occur by showing that mere awareness of measurement (even absent compensation) is sufficient to induce surrogation. These findings have implications for any setting where measures are used to represent a more abstract construct. While using measures is clearly very beneficial, we highlight the importance of understanding when and why surrogation can occur and developing strategies to reduce its effects.

Data Availability: Data are available upon request.
JMJD8 Is a Novel Molecular Nexus Between Adipocyte-Intrinsic Inflammation and Insulin Resistance
Authors: You Dongjoo , Jung Byung Chul , Villivalam Sneha Damal , Lim Hee-Woong , Kang Sona
Published: October 2021

Chronic low-grade inflammation, often referred to as metainflammation, develops in response to overnutrition and is a major player in the regulation of insulin sensitivity. While many studies have investigated adipose tissue inflammation from the perspective of the immune cell compartment, little is known about how adipocytes intrinsically contribute to metainflammation and insulin resistance at the molecular level. In this study, we demonstrate a novel role for Jumonji C domain-containing protein 8 (JMJD8) as an adipocyte-intrinsic molecular nexus between inflammation and insulin resistance. We determined that JMJD8 was highly enriched in white adipose tissue, especially in the adipocyte fraction. Adipose JMJD8 levels were dramatically increased in obesity-associated insulin resistance models. Its levels were increased by feeding and insulin and inhibited by fasting. A JMJD8 gain-of-function was sufficient to drive insulin resistance, whereas loss-of-function improved insulin sensitivity in mouse and human adipocytes. Consistent with this, Jmjd8-ablated mice had increased whole-body and adipose insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance on both chow and a high-fat diet, while adipocyte-specific Jmjd8-overexpressing mice displayed worsened whole-body metabolism on a high-fat diet. We found that JMJD8 affected the transcriptional regulation of inflammatory genes. In particular, it was required for lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammation and insulin resistance in adipocytes. For this, JMJD8 required interferon regulatory factor 3 to mediate its actions in adipocytes. Together, our results demonstrate that JMJD8 acts as a novel molecular factor that drives adipocyte inflammation in conjunction with insulin sensitivity.
COVID-19–Induced New-Onset Diabetes: Trends and Technologies
Authors: Metwally Ahmed A. , Mehta Pranav , Johnson Brian S. , Nagarjuna Anvith , Snyder Michael P.
Published: October 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic continues to spread worldwide with approximately 216 million confirmed cases and 4.49 million deaths to date. Intensive efforts are ongoing to combat this disease by suppressing viral transmission, understanding its pathogenesis, developing vaccination strategies, and identifying effective therapeutic targets. Individuals with preexisting diabetes also show higher incidence of COVID-19 illness and poorer prognosis upon infection. Likewise, an increased frequency of diabetes onset and diabetes complications has been reported in patients following COVID-19 diagnosis. COVID-19 may elevate the risk of hyperglycemia and other complications in patients with and without prior diabetes history. It is unclear whether the virus induces type 1 or type 2 diabetes or instead causes a novel atypical form of diabetes. Moreover, it remains unknown if recovering COVID-19 patients exhibit a higher risk of developing new-onset diabetes or its complications going forward. The aim of this review is to summarize what is currently known about the epidemiology and mechanisms of this bidirectional relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes. We highlight major challenges that hinder the study of COVID-19–induced new-onset of diabetes and propose a potential framework for overcoming these obstacles. We also review state-of-the-art wearables and microsampling technologies that can further study diabetes management and progression in new-onset diabetes cases. We conclude by outlining current research initiatives investigating the bidirectional relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes, some with emphasis on wearable technology.
JMJD8 is a Novel Molecular Nexus Between Adipocyte-Intrinsic Inflammation and Insulin Resistance
Authors: You Dongjoo , Jung Byung Chul , Villivalam Sneha Damal , Lim Hee-Woong , Kang Sona
Published: October 2021

Chronic
low-grade inflammation, often referred to as metainflammation, develops in
response to overnutrition and is a major player in the regulation of insulin
sensitivity. While many studies have investigated adipose tissue inflammation
from the perspective of the immune cell compartment, little is known about how
adipocytes intrinsically contribute to metainflammation and insulin resistance
at the molecular level. Here, we demonstrate a novel role for Jumonji C Domain
Containing Protein 8 (JMJD8) as an adipocyte-intrinsic molecular nexus between
inflammation and insulin resistance. We determined that JMJD8 was highly
enriched in white adipose tissue, especially in the adipocyte fraction. Adipose
JMJD8 levels were dramatically increased in obesityassociated insulin
resistance models. Its levels were increased by feeding and insulin, and
inhibited by fasting. A JMJD8 gain-of-function was sufficient to drive insulin
resistance, whereas loss-of-function improved insulin sensitivity in mouse and
human adipocytes. Consistent with this, Jmjd8-ablated
mice had increased whole-body and adipose insulin sensitivity and glucose
tolerance on both chow and a high-fat diet, while adipocyte-specific Jmjd8-overexpressing mice displayed
worsened whole-body metabolism on a high-fat diet. We found that JMJD8 affected
the transcriptional regulation of inflammatory genes. In particular, it was
required for LPS-mediated inflammation and insulin resistance in adipocytes.
For this, JMJD8 required Interferon Regulatory Factor (IRF3) to mediate its
actions in adipocytes. Together, our results demonstrate that JMJD8 acts as a
novel molecular factor that drives adipocyte inflammation in conjunction with
insulin sensitivity.
Exploring reasons to attend formal teaching sessions among students: A self-determination theory perspective
Authors: Fröberg Andreas , Jonsson Linus
Published: October 2021

Among students in higher education, attending formal teaching sessions might be important not only for academic achievement but also to foster human values. Despite this, the low and declining attendance rate is a growing concern in higher education. This study aimed to explore what students believe teachers could do to facilitate attendance at formal teaching sessions in the physical education part of the teacher education program in Sweden. Three focus group interviews were conducted among students aged 20 to 35 who attended the teacher education programme. The self-determination theory was used as a theoretical framework, and data were analysed and categorised using qualitative content analysis. The analysis of the interviews formed an overarching theme that intersected with four categories. The results show that teachers might facilitate attendance during formal teaching sessions by providing opportunities for students to interact with each other; match challenges with skills; be engaged, enthusiastic, and caring; and outline the value and rationale. The study’s implications for teachers are discussed in the paper.
By neglecting George Perkins Marsh, we only have Paulo Freire’s utopia
Authors: Fortunato Ivan
Published: October 2021

This paper seeks to demonstrate that the environmental issues were pointed out by George Perkins Marsh at least one hundred years before it become a part of the global agenda in the 1970s. As per our research we can we can clearly state that the negligence given to his book “Man and Nature”, in which he has proven that aggression to nature meant aggression to human life, became responsible for the serious environmental problems that we have today. If a return in time is unlikely to prevent industrial capitalism from following its rite of destruction-production-oppression-consumption all we have is the hope that all of this can be mitigated in some way. We bet on environmental education, mainly mediated by hope and utopia very well outlined by the patron of Brazilian education, Paulo Freire. This article is an essay in which we weave together neglect with hope.
Covid-19, Vaccination and Labour Discrimination
Authors: Cardo Ivan Antonio Rodríguez
Published: October 2021

The aim of this paper is to provide a first approach to the possible discriminatory nature of the employer's decisions motivated by the refusal of the employee to be vaccinated against COVID (or by the decision of being vaccinated, even if those situations are rare). This is a sensible issue, because Labour Law does not usually provide a straightforward answer and fundamental rights are at stake (health, privacy, equality and non-discrimination and even the right to protection of personal data).
Auditory processing abilities in pitch and duration pattern tests for elderly:
Authors: Zukowski Debora Bonizio , Balen Sheila Andreoli , Taveira Karinna Veríssimo Meira , Silva Isabella Monteiro de Castro , Viana Lucas Moura , Porporatti André Luiz
Published: October 2021

Purpose: to analyze the performance of elderly people with hearing loss compared to normal-hearing elderly people in the Pitch Pattern Sequence Test (PPS) and Duration Pattern Sequence Test (DPS). Research strategy: Electronic search strategies were individually developed for each of the following databases: LILACS, LIVIVO, Pubmed, Scopus, SpeechBITE and Web of Science. Grey literature was searched by using Google Scholar, OpenGrey and Proquest Dissertations and Theses. Selection criteria: Observational studies that evaluated elderly (over 60 years old) with age related hearing loss or presbycusis, ranging from mild to moderately severe, with different scores, compared to normal hearing for pitch (PPS) or duration pattern sequence (DPS) tests were included. The methodology of selected studies was evaluated using Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (MAStARI) critical appraisal tools for cross sectional studies. No restrictions regarding language, period of publication or gender were applied. Results: Title and summary of 1042 articles were analyzed after duplicates were removed. From this analysis, the full texts of 15 articles were analyzed. Five studies were included in this systematic review, three studies used the Musiek DPS version, two used the Auditec DPS and PPS version. Risk of bias was low (three studies) and moderate (two studies), according to this protocol. Conclusion: This systematic review showed no score differences between groups with presbycusis compared with normal hearing for DPS and PPS test. More primary studies utilizing the same protocol for PPS and DPS are needed.
Variações linguísticas e seus efeitos na saúde:
Authors: Falcão Ana Regina Graner , Souza Luiz Augusto de Paula
Published: October 2021

Introdução: As variações linguísticas não correspondem a distúrbios de comunicação, entretanto a sua valoração, constitui fonte de preconceito linguístico e discriminação social, chegando a processos de “patologização”. Falantes de variações linguísticas não prestigiadas, supondo algum distúrbio, procuraram o serviço de saúde com queixa de sofrer discriminação por preconceito linguístico. Experimentavam sensação de inferioridade, retraimento social, até rebaixamento da autoestima; levando a crises de ansiedade ou a episódios depressivos. Objetivo: Analisar as repercussões das variações linguísticas em um grupo de sujeitos, estabelecer indicações à reflexão sobre essa problemática no campo da saúde, especialmente no manejo dessas repercussões no âmbito da clínica fonoaudiológica. Método: Estudo de natureza descritiva, caracterizado, em seu desenho, como estudo de caso. Utilizou-se a metodologia do Grupo de Discussão, que consiste em favorecer e promover a construção de discurso grupal; sendo este o objeto da pesquisa. Resultados e Discussão: As variações linguísticas são constituídas em função de origem, extração sociocultural e condição socioeconômica e foram percebidas como variável significativa da discriminação e exclusão social. As categorias analíticas depreendidas do discurso grupal: preconceito e bullying; comunidade de fala e exclusão social; expectativas frente à norma prestigiada. O trabalho fonoaudiológico deverá: - reconhecer e valorizar o sofrimento das vítimas; - promover o trânsito pelas variações linguísticas, entender nuances fonético-fonológicas, sintáticas, semânticas e prosódicas, avaliando os usos e contextos sociais dos gêneros discursivos orais. Conclusão: Indicar à Fonoaudiologia para acolher e atender as vítimas de preconceito linguístico, no âmbito da ação clínica de prevenção de agravos e de promoção da saúde.
efeito do peso e da idade gestacional na via auditiva de lactentes
Authors: Ribeiro Georgea Espindola , Lyra João César , Silva Daniela Polo Carmargo da
Published: October 2021

Introdução: Lactentes nascidos com baixo peso ao nascer em relação a sua idade gestacional são mais propensos à morbimortalidade neonatal e infantil. O Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Tronco Encefálico (PEATE) é uma ferramenta útil para averiguar a atividade neuroelétrica da via auditiva do tronco encefálico. Objetivo: Investigar o efeito do peso e da idade gestacional na via auditiva do tronco encefálico em lactentes. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado em um hospital público, no período de janeiro de 2017 a dezembro de 2018, composto por lactentes nascidos pequenos para idade gestacional (PIG), como grupo estudo e lactentes adequados para idade gestacional (AIG), como grupo comparação. Ambos foram semelhantes com relação à idade gestacional, indicadores de risco para deficiência auditiva e idade no momento da avaliação audiológica. Todos foram submetidos aos exames de emissões otoacústicas evocadas por estímulo transiente e PEATE. Resultados: Participaram 172 lactentes com idade média de 1,3 meses para os nascidos PIG e de 1,5 meses para os AIG. Na avaliação por meio do PEATE, houve aumento significativo apenas para os valores das latências absolutas, entretanto, os valores das medianas tanto das latências absolutas como das latências interpicos foram semelhantes entre os grupos. Conclusão: O efeito do peso ao nascimento e da idade gestacional, em lactentes nascidos com peso inferior ao percentil 10, não demonstrou comprometimento da via auditiva no primeiro mês de vida.
Hubungan Pengawasan dengan Disiplin Kerja Pegawai Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kota Padang
Authors: Berliana Hikmah Putri , Nelitawati Nelitawati , Rifma Rifma , Irsyad Irsyad
Published: October 2021

Abstract

This study aims to see how the discipline of work, the supervision of the leadership and the relationship of supervision with the work discipline in Department of the city of Padang. The population of research is all employees in Department of the city of Padang amounted to 54 people and the sample is 33 people that is determined based on techniques proportionate stratified random sampling. The instrument used is the questionnaire that contains about discipline and supervision. The result is a significant relationship between the supervisory with discipline of work employees in the Deparment of the city of Padang.
Focused Ion Beam Exposure of Ultrathin Electron-Beam Resist for Nanoscale Field-Effect Transistor Contacts Formation
Authors:   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Russia, Tsarik K.A.
Published: October 2021

The lithographic methods are used to form contacts for nanostructures smaller than 100 nm , in part, e-beam lithography and focused ion beam lithography with the use of electron-sensitive resist. Focused ion beam lithography is characterized by greater susceptibility to resist, high value of backward scattering, proximity effect, and best ratio of speed performance and contrast to exposed elements’ minimal size, compared to e-beam lithography. In this work, a method of ultrathin resist exposure by focused ion beam is developed. Electron-sensitive resist thickness dependence on increase of its toluene dilution was established. It was shown that electron-sensitive resist thinning down to 30 μm based on α-chloro-methacrylate with α-methylstyrene allows the 500-nm gapped metal contacts formation over a span of 30 μm. Silicon nanostructures within metallic nanoscale gap on dielectric substrate have been obtained. The geometry of obtained nanostructures was studied by optical, electron, ion, and probe microscopy. It has been established that it is possible to not use additional alignment keys when nanoscale field-effect transistors are created based on silicon nanostructures.
Procedure to improve the accuracy of dental implant failures by data science techniques
Authors: Ganz Nancy , Ares Alicia E. , Kuna Horacio D.
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, the prediction about dental implant failure is determined through clinical and radiological evaluation. For this reason, predictions are highly dependent on the Implantologists’ experience. In addition, it is extremely crucial to detect in time if a dental implant is going to fail, due to time, cost, trauma to the patient, postoperative problems, among others. This paper proposes a procedure using multiple feature selection methods and classification algorithms to improve the accuracy of dental implant failures in the province of Misiones, Argentina, validated by human experts. The experimentation is performed with two data sets, a set of dental implants made for the case study and an artificially generated set. The proposed approach allows to know the most relevant features and improve the accuracy in the classification of the target class (dental implant failure), to avoid biasing the decision making based on the application and results of individual methods. The proposed approach achieves an accuracy of 79% of failures, while individual classifiers achieve a maximum of 72%.
Sociocultural Space: On the ProЬlem ofExplanation and Understanding
Authors: Shmakov V. S.
Published: October 2021

The socio-cultural orientation of modernization processes changes the emphasis in the social development of mankind, emphasizes the need to determine the place and role of man in the world. The transformation of the socio-cultural space under the pressure of globalization dictates the need to understand the structure and functions that determine the vectors of development of the world community, changing the accents of evolution. Structurally, the socio-cultural space integrates the social and cultural potential of activities, including !оса! communities. It functionally ensures the reproduction of culture and sociality, sets the permissiЬle limits of reform, guaranteeing the preservation of socio-cultural integrity, implementing the functions of socialization, regulation, information, feedback.
Development of Integrated Distribution and Inventory System Simulation Model Using Mobile Depot
Authors: Djanggu Noveicalistus H
Published: October 2021

Distribution activities are carried out to move an item from one point to another. Product distribution activities are conducted from the production area to the distribution or warehouse area, then from the warehouse to the retailer or consumer. Distribution activities can be established using various modes of land, river, ocean, and air transportation. Land transportation is greatly influenced by road conditions. River and sea transportation excels in carrying capacity which leads to the reduction of distribution costs. The disadvantages of water transportation are longer moving duration and dependence on weather. A warehouse is a typical facility used to accommodate inventory. Inventory system will generate holding costs. River transportation with a large carrying capacity can be used as a distribution medium and temporary warehouse. The land route in the West Kalimantan region is suitable for trucks with a moderate carrying capacity. River routes in West Kalimantan can reach several strategic areas, and river conditions have appropriate specifications for transportation mode with large capacities. The distribution and inventory system integration model using a mobile depot has been proposed in previous studies. Therefore, this research focuses on developing a simulation model for the aforementioned system. The results of this study are expected to provide information about the optimal value of the model configuration and strategy.
Ageing Effects on Dual-Tasking Performance that Involved Turning-While-Walking
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, School of Nursing and Health Studies, The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, nga Chan Wing , YW Chan Eva ,   Department of Physiotherapy, School of Nursing and Health Studies, The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Veronika Schoeb ,   School of Health Sciences (HESAV), University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HESSO), Lausanne, Switzerland, WN Tsang William ,   Department of Physiotherapy, School of Nursing and Health Studies, The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Published: October 2021

Turning-while-walking requires attention. This task can demand more attention when performed with a concurrent cognitive task, particularly in older adults. This study therefore aimed at examining the effects of ageing on dual-tasking performance that involves turning-while-walking in youngold adults (age 65-74). Eleven young-old adults and ten young adults were recruited. Single auditory Stroop test, single turning-while-walking test, and dual-tasking that combined the two single tests were assessed. Results showed that young-old adults compromised accuracy in cognitive task when dualtasking, while their physical task performance was not significantly affected by an additional cognitive task. The results suggested that the young-old adults could have employed a ‘posture first’ strategy to maintain balance when there were insufficient attentional resources for them to perform the two tasks simultaneously. When compared to the young subjects, the young-old adults performed similarly during the physical task. However, they reacted significantly slower than their younger counterparts in the cognitive task when dual-tasking. The results raise concerns regarding the dual-tasking ability of communitydwelling young-old adults, even if they appear to be physically fit. Future studies incorporating different cognitive tasks are warranted. Correlation between dualtasking ability, physical function, cognitive function, and activity level are also worth investigating.
Marxism, Psychoanalysis and Economics: An Anthropological Remark
Authors:   Ministry of Education, Italy, G Iurato
Published: October 2021

The basic economic notion of marginal utility is revised in the light of certain well-known Marxian ideas, supported by some new interpretations of psychoanalytic notions, to try to clarify which is the position of human being in the world, within the context of economic anthropology.
Can Marine Cloud Brightening Reduce Sea-Surface Temperatures to Moderate Extreme Hurricanes and Typhoons?
Authors:   Institute for Energy Systems, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, SH Salter
Published: October 2021

Elevated sea-surface temperatures are a necessary but not sufficient requirement for the formation of hurricanes and typhoons. This paper suggests a way to exploit this. Twomey [1] showed that cloud reflectivity depends on the size-distribution of cloud drops, with a large number of small drops reflecting more than a smaller number of larger ones. Mid-ocean air is cleaner than over land. Latham [2-4] suggested that reflectivity of marine stratocumulus clouds could be increased by releasing a submicron spray of filtered sea water into the bottom of the marine boundary layer. The salt residues left after evaporation would be mixed by turbulence through the full depth of the marine boundary layer and would be ideal cloud condensation nuclei. Those that reached a height where the air had a super-saturation above 100% by enough to get over the peak of the Köhler curve would produce an increased number of cloud drops and so trigger the Twomey effect. The increase in reflection from cloud tops back out to space would cool sea-surface water. We are not trying to increase cloud cover; we just want to make existing cloud tops whiter. The spray could be produced by wind-driven vessels cruising chosen ocean regions. The engineering design of sea-going hardware is well advanced. This paper suggests a way to calculate spray quantities and the number and cost of spray vessels to achieve a hurricane reduction to a more acceptable intensity. It is intended to show the shape of a possible calculation with credible if not exact assumptions. Anyone with better assumptions should be able to follow the process.
Clinical Dental Assistants are Crucial Bedrock Team Members in the Academic Clinical Dental Milieu during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Department of General Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, USA, W Wasson , J Harper ,   Clinical Affairs, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, USA, A Braxton ,   Department of General Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, USA, M Dehghan ,   Department of General Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, USA, AE Hall ,   The Learning Center, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 Pandemic forced immediate changes in how dental academicians must teach dental student doctors’ hands-on acquisition of Dental Auxiliary Utilization (DAU) principles. The Clinical Dental Assistants’ (CDAs) presence was reduced drastically in their clinical access during patient care in the distal part of the Spring Semester 2020 and the early months of the Fall Semester of 2020. The substantive and necessary limitations for safety in the academic setting and societal dental health care needs have reduced student doctors’ opportunities to utilize clinical dental assistants (CDAs) for DAU. CDAs’ value in an academic dental care milieu is paramount to student doctors’ successful transition from the preclinical to clinical and ultimately transition to private clinical practices.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: More than Just a Lung Problem
Authors:   Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Tanta, Tanta, Egypt, D Emam , L Van der Veeken ,   Clinical Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, A El Badry ,   Department Radiology, University Hospitals Tanta, Tanta, Egypt, A Elattar ,   Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Tanta, Tanta, Egypt, A Awara ,   Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Tanta, Tanta, Egypt, J Deprest ,   Clinical Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Published: October 2021

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by a defect in the diaphragm, which permits abdominal organs to herniate into the thorax. This causes lung hypoplasia and at birth, children with CDH experience respiratory distress and pulmonary hypertension. Despite optimal neonatal treatment, CDH is still associated with a high mortality and morbidity. In severe cases, Fetal Intervention (FETO) may alter the natural course of this disease. Herein we describe the rationale, action mechanism and technique to perform this intervention. Despite hope giving results, this technique remains investigational for left sided CDH. However, an increased survival may come at the cost of increased morbidity. Children born with CDH are at increased risk for long and short-term morbidity, including neurodevelopmental problems. Until now, there are still uncertainties about the severity and prevalence of neurologic morbidity. Furthermore, it remains uncertain if these problems are already present prenatally and if a prenatal intervention influence this.