bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transforming to a Sustainable City Through Technological Change
Authors: Goi Chai Lee
Published: April 2021

This chapter analyses the transformation of a sustainable city through the process of technological change. With urban areas having a growing majority population, it is very important to focus on how technology can help in creating a more sustainable future. Technology and innovation are central to the implementation of the sustainable development of a city. The technological revolution through technological change has an impact on building a sustainable city, which involves social, economic, and environmental aspects. Technological change involves the overall process of invention, innovation, and diffusion of technology.
Implementing Volume-Based Feeding to Optimize Delivery of Enteral Nutrition
Authors: Bonomo Angela , Blume Diane Lynn , Davis Katie , Kim Hee Jun
Published: April 2021

Background

At least 80% of ordered enteral nutrition should be delivered to improve outcomes in critical care patients. However, these patients typically receive 60% to 70% of ordered enteral nutrition volume. In a practice review within a 28-bed medical-surgical adult intensive care unit, patients received a median of 67.5% of ordered enteral nutrition with standard rate-based feeding. Volume-based feeding is recommended to deliver adequate enteral nutrition to critically ill patients.

Objective

To use a quality improvement project to increase the volume of enteral nutrition delivered in the medical-surgical intensive care unit.

Methods

Percentages of target volume achieved were monitored in 73 patients. Comparisons between the rate-based and volume-based feeding groups used nonparametric quality of medians test or the χ2 test. A customized volume-based feeding protocol and order set were created according to published protocols and then implemented. Standardized education included lecture, demonstration, written material, and active personal involvement, followed by a scenario-based test to apply learning.

Results

Immediately after implementation of this practice change, delivered enteral nutrition volume increased, resulting in a median delivery of 99.8% of ordered volume (P = .003). Delivery of a mean of 98% ordered volume was sustained over the 15 months following implementation.

Conclusions

Implementation of volume-based feeding optimized enteral nutrition delivery to critically ill patients in this medical-surgical intensive care unit. This success can be attributed to a comprehensive, individualized, and proactive process design and educational approach. The process can be adapted to quality improvement initiatives with other patient populations and units.
Postnatal care of the woman and her baby during hospital stay; bridging the gap in reproductive healthcare
Authors: Dasanayake D. L. W. , Goonewardene I. M. R.
Published: April 2021

Postnatal care of the woman and her newborn baby, is the weakest and the most neglected component of reproductive health care. As the first day of the postpartum period carries the highest risk of adverse outcomes for the woman and her baby, it is essential that comprehensive postnatal care is initiated immediately after delivery and continued until the woman is discharged from hospital. The aspects of postnatal care which should be initiated on the first postpartum day itself include: pain management; perineal care; bladder care; care of the new born; postpartum contraception; lactation management; and assessment of psychological wellbeing. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has issued detailed, evidence-based recommendations for postnatal care. These WHO recommendations, as well as other, evidence-based recommendations, especially for postpartum contraception, are feasible and applicable in Sri Lanka, and therefore should be implemented.
Recalcitrant livedoid vasculopathy; long-term remission achieved with pentoxifylline combined with colchicine
Authors: Fernando S. G. S. , Gamage N.
Published: April 2021

No abstract available
Post COVID-19 tuberculosis: An emerging threat of pandemic
Authors: Zahid Aqusa , Iqbal Nousheen , Moeen Sarosh , Irfan Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) pandemic has hit the world hard. Millions of people have died due to the infection and several have suffered with what are now known as post COVID-19 squeal. Among these squeals one is immunosuppression which leaves patients prone to severe opportunistic infection. We here report a case of young female who was infected by COVID-19 and later developed cavitary pneumonia which upon investigation turned out to be due to mycobacterium tuberculosis.  Through this report we aim to highlight the importance of high index of suspicion for infection like Mycobacterium tuberculosis after COVID-19 infection which developed in a healthy immunocompetent patient.
Table of Contents Vol 44, No 1 (2020)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: April 2021

No abstract avaialble.
Evolution of Fibro-Calcific Plaque in Different Segments of the Pulmonary Trunk
Authors: Pahuja Kavita , Bissa Amardeep
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

Fibro-calcific plaque is one of the earliest representations of atherosclerosis in the ageing pulmonary trunk. It may vary in the different parts of the pulmonary trunk and may increase with age.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred and twenty pulmonary trunks of adult human forensic bodies were taken. Histological slides were formed, and occurrence of fibro-calcific plaque was observed in the different segments of the pulmonary trunk were microscopically. Data were statically analysed using the ANOVA and P-test methods.

Results:

There was an increase in the occurrence of fibro-calcific plaque in each segment of the pulmonary trunk up to the middle age, but there is a decrease in older age group except in the distal segment which show continuous increase with all age groups. Our results show agreement with previous workers.

Conclusion:

There was no significant difference in the occurrence of fibro-calcific plaque in different segments of the pulmonary trunk, and it increases up to middle age and show some decrease in the older age group in the pulmonary trunk.
Effect of Submarine Microclimate on Respiratory Physiology of Submariners
Authors: Verma Vivek , Sharma Abhishek , Anand N.
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

A few personnel feel more tired staying and working inside submarine, as compared to ashore/outdoor spaces, or even onboard afloat platforms (ships). The microclimate onboard underwater platforms play a vital role in determining the respiratory physiology parameters of personnel onboard. There exists a felt need for deeper evidence in this regard.

Aims and Objectives:

This study is an effort to analyze if there exists any relationship between concentrations of respiratory gases (such as oxygen and carbon dioxide) and other parameters of submarine microclimate, on the respiratory physiology parameters (such as respiratory rate [RR] and SpO2) of personnel onboard underwater platforms. The difference in concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in exhaled air of personnel both inside and outside submarine was also studied. Any difference between smokers and nonsmokers regarding this parameter was also evaluated.

Materials and Methods:

The study was carried out on thirty healthy volunteers posted onboard a submarine. Concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, as also the exhaled air, were measured using a digital gas analyzer. Humidity, temperature, and oxygen saturation were measured using digital meters. The values both inside and outside were recorded and compared.

Results:

There was a statistically significant difference in the temperature, humidity, and level of CO2 inside and outside the submarine. There was no statistically significant difference in level of oxygen in atmosphere, oxygen and carbon dioxide in exhaled air, RR, and SPO2 level inside and outside the submarine.

Conclusion:

The corrected effective temperature inside a submarine is to be measured periodically and maintained in the comfort zone. The level of CO2 should be maintained close to environmental levels.
Overview on urinary tract infection, bacterial agents, and antibiotic resistance pattern in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Zhang Xiuchun , Gao Hui , Fu Juan , Lin Feng , Khaledi Azad
Published: April 2021

Background:

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a mainly common infection in kidney transplant recipients. This study decided to investigate UTI, bacterial agents, and antibiotic resistance pattern in kidney transplant recipients from Iran.

Materials and Methods:

Search process was conducted for UTI, bacterial agents, and antibiotic resistance pattern in kidney transplant recipients from Iran via electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, etc.,) with Mesh terms in either Persian and English languages without limited time to May 31, 2020. Data were analyzed by comprehensive meta-analysis software.

Results:

The combined prevalence of UTI in renal transplant recipients was reported by 31.1%. The combined prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria was 69%. The most common pathogens among Gram negatives were E. coli followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae with frequency 43.4% and 13%, respectively. Subgroup analysis for Gram-positive bacteria showed the combined prevalence of 31%. The most common microorganism among Gram positives belonged to coagulase-negative Staphylococci and Enterococci with a prevalence of 10.2% and 9%, respectively. Subgroup meta-analysis of antibiotic resistance for Gram-negative showed the most resistance to cephalexin followed by carbenicillin with a prevalence of 89.1% and 87.3%, respectively.

Conclusion:

Our review showed a noticeable rate of UTI (31.1%) among renal transplant recipients in Iran and a high prevalence of Gram-negative (69%) and Gram-positive (13%) microorganisms. A high resistance rate was seen against almost all antibiotics used for the treatment of UTI. Therefore, empirical prescription of antibiotics should be avoided, and it should be based on data obtained from antibiogram tests.
O aplicație a metodei balanței lemnului în România
Authors: Panaite Cristian , Bouriaud Laura
Published: April 2021

Analiza fluxurilor de lemn este importantă pentru orice evaluare a sustenabilității de utilizare a resursei forestiere. Au fost analizate în acest studiu fluxurile de lemn brut din România în 2017, pornind de la un scenariu de consum bazat pe capacitatea maximă de procesare instalată. Balanța resurselor lemnoase consideră utilizarea lemnului ca materie primă și a produselor secundare din lemn (deșeuri generate în procesare), care pot fi utilizate ca intrări pentru utilizarea ulterioară în sectorul prelucrării lemnului sau al energiei.
Rezultatele studiului arată că, la o capacitate maximă de procesare (scenariu ipotetic), consumul intern al României ar fi de 46 de milioane m3 pe an, din care 49% este reprezentat de consumul de energie, majoritar în gospodării. Capacitatea maximă instalată a industriei de prelucrare a lemnului este de 18,7 milioane m3. Diferența dintre producția internă și consumul aparent ajunge la 23 de milioane de m3, o estimare similară cu cea oferită de JRC Europe pentru 2015. Sunt necesare cercetări suplimentare pentru a îmbunătăți modelul propus de balanță a lemnului prin obținerea de date cât mai apropiate de consumul real din industria de prelucrare a lemnului. Studiul recomandă necesitatea  de re-evaluare a politicilor publice de trasabilitate a lemnului și a elaborării unor politici mai prudente în privința utilizării biomasei forestiere pentru producția industrială de energie.
Prof. dr. Aurel Rusu – inginer silvic și geodez deopotrivă (1917-2020)
Authors: Vorovencii Iosif , Curtu Alexandru Lucian
Published: April 2021

Cu mare tristețe, Universitatea Transilvania din Brașov anunță trecerea la cele veșnice a prof. dr. Aurel Rusu (1917-2020), în data de 30 noiembrie. Prof. Rusu a contribuit semnificativ la dezvoltarea în România a silviculturii și geodeziei. A avut o lungă asociere cu Facultatea de Silvicultură șiExploatări Forestiere din Brașov, unde a predat din 1949 până la pensionarea sa în 1983. A fost decan al facultății din 1972 până în 1976 și membru al Consiliului Facultății și al Senatului universitar. Pentru contribuțiile sale științifice substanțiale în silvicultură și geodezie a devenit membru al Academiei de Științe Agricole și Silvice și membru de onoare al Asociației de Fotogrametrie și Teledetecție.
Przestrzeń publiczna Kampusu Morasko w Poznaniu w opinii studentów
Authors: Konecka-Szydłowska Barbara
Published: April 2021

Public space of the Morasko Campus in Poznań in the opinion of students Public spaces are an important part of urban space. The paper presents the results of the research on the assessment of the public space of the Morasko Campus situated in the northern part of Poznan. The analysis covers the years 2006 and 2017 and uses the semantic differential method worked out by Osgood, Succi and Tannenbaum in 1957. The study of public space was conducted in terms of five basic categories of spatial order: (1) town-planning – architectural order, (2) functional order, (3) aesthetic order, (4) social order and (5) ecological order. The obtained results show that, in the opinion of students, the Morasko space obtained a higher assessment in all the categories over the study period (an increase in the average assessment from 3.9 to 4.8). In 2017, ecological order was the category assessed highest , and functional order the one assessed lowest,. In the studied years the Campus space was assessed lowest by the students of the Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, which was caused by its peripheral location. Due to the great importance of the natural values of the Campus, their detailed description is presented at the end of the study. Zarys treści: Ważną częścią przestrzeni miejskiej są przestrzenie publiczne. W opracowaniu zaprezentowano wyniki badań na temat oceny przestrzeni Kampusu Morasko, położonego w północnej części Poznania. Zakres czasowy analizy obejmuje zasadniczo lata 2006 i 2017. W opracowaniu posłużono się metodą dyferencjału semantycznego opracowaną przez Osgooda, Succiego i Tannenbauma w 1957 r. Badanie przestrzeni publicznej przeprowadzono w odniesieniu do pięciu podstawowych kategorii ładu przestrzennego: 1) ładu urbanistyczno-architektonicznego, 2) ładu funkcjonalnego, 3) ładu estetycznego, 4) ładu społecznego oraz 5) ładu ekologicznego. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają stwierdzić, że zdaniem studentów w badanym okresie nastąpił wzrost oceny przestrzeni Kampusu Morasko we wszystkich kategoriach (wzrost średniej oceny syntetycznej z 3,9 do 4,8). W 2017 r. zdecydowanie najwyżej ocenianą kategorią był ład ekologiczny, a najniżej ład funkcjonalny. W badanych latach najgorzej przestrzeń Kampusu oceniali studenci Wydziału Nauk Geograficznych i Geologicznych, co spowodowane było peryferyjną lokalizacją tego wydziału. Ze względu na duże znaczenie walorów przyrodniczych Kampusu w końcowej części pracy przeprowadzono ich pogłębioną charakterystykę.
Poczucie samotności jako moderator przebiegu kryzysów sytuacyjnych, rozwojowych i egzystencjalnych
Authors: Dołęga Zofia
Published: April 2021

The Feeling of Loneliness as a Moderator of the Course of Situational, Developmental and Existential Crises

The article addresses the issue of different categories of psychological crises. The main thesis of the work formulates the belief that feeling of loneliness (consisting of three dimensions: a feeling of social, emotional and existential loneliness) in crisis states is an important moderator (predictor) of their course and ultimately psychological consequences. In the theoretical layer, the problem raised here is based on the assumptions of life-span developmental psychology theory, and in the empirical layer refers to the results of a number of research projects in which a sense of loneliness among other numerous variables has been given the status of predictor. The results of the projects show that taking the feeling of loneliness into account provides a better insight into the direct or indirect consequences of psychological crises with different characteristics. This matters not only theoretically, but also practically. On the one hand, it raises awareness of the course and psychological consequences of crises caused by various risks, losses and relational deficits. On the other hand, it advocates the use of proprietary tools to measure feelings of loneliness: (SBS-C, 8–13 years), adolescents (SBS, 12–19 years), and adults (SBS-AD and SBS-ADC) (Dołęga, 2020).
Building Timeless.co Brand Awareness Through Influencer and Internet Marketing
Authors: Budyanto  , Mariana Christy Dwita , Yusuf Dionisius
Published: April 2021

Perkembangan yang pesar pada teknologi menyebabkan peningkatan perkembangan pada industry smartphone serta sangat diminati oleh masyarakat Indonesia.  Sejumlah 175 juta pengguna smartphone di Indonesia telah terhubung pada internet dan sebagaian besar dari mereka menghabiskan waktu lebih dari 3 jam setiap harinya untuk mengakses media sosial.  Perkembangan smartphone telah menyebabkan terbukanya peluang bagi perusahaan untuk menciptakan kesadaran merek, salah satunya adalah perusahaan produsen jam tangan otomatis. Tujuan dari riset ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah Timeless.com dapat menciptakan kesadaran merek melalui pemasaran via influencer dan pemasaran via internet.  Selain itu, riset ini pun bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran yang paling efektif untuk meningkatkan kesadaran merek Timeless.co.  Riset ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif melalui pendekatan eksplanatif.  Data riset dikumpulkan dengan metode convenience sampling dan dianalisis melalui SPSS v25.  Hasil riset ini mengindikasikan bahwa pemasaran via influencer dan internet mempengaruhi kesadaran merek Timeless.co.  Strategi yang efektif bagi Timeless.co adalah pemasaran via internet
Chromosome-level genome assembly of the humpback puffer, Tetraodon palembangensis
Authors: Zhang Rui , Li Chang , Yu Mengjun , Huang Xiaoyun , Zhang Mengqi , Liu Shanshan , Pan Shanshan , Xue Weizhen , Wang Congyan , Mao Chunyan , Zhang He , Fan Guangyi
Published: April 2021

The humpback puffer, Tetraodon palembangensis, is a poisonous freshwater pufferfish species mainly distributed in Southeast Asia (Thailand, Laos, Malaysia and Indonesia). The humpback puffer has many interesting biological features, such as inactivity, tetrodotoxin production and body expansion. Here, we report the first chromosome-level genome assembly of the humpback puffer. The genome size is 362 Mb, with a contig N50 value of ∼1.78 Mb and a scaffold N50 value of ∼15.8 Mb. Based on this genome assembly, ∼61.5 Mb (18.11%) repeat sequences were identified, 19,925 genes were annotated, and the function of 90.01% of these genes could be predicted. Finally, a phylogenetic tree of ten teleost fish species was constructed. This analysis suggests that the humpback puffer and T. nigroviridis share a common ancestor 18.1 million years ago (MYA), and diverged from T. rubripes 45.8 MYA. The humpback puffer genome will be a valuable genomic resource to illustrate possible mechanisms of tetrodotoxin synthesis and tolerance.
ROLE OF HURST EXPONENT IN PREDICTION OF MARKET EFFICIENCY IN KSE-100 INDEX
Authors:   International Islamic University, Islamabad., Ijaz Syeda Tayyaba
Published: April 2021

Purpose:- This paper aims to investigate the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) and validity of Random Walk Model (RWM) in KSE-100 index starting from 1992 till 2014 taking monthly averages of index. Methodology:- Main focus of the paper is to evaluate the efficiency in KSE-100 index with respect to application of Hurst Exponent and Rescaled Ranged Statistics. Although many researchers have previously explained the working of EMH in KSE-100 index but rarely anyone has explained it using Hurst Exponent Analysis on over all longest period since the establishment of KSE-100 index Feb, 1992 to Dec, 2014. Annual Rescaled Range Statistics are also calculated to explain the good or bad years according to Estimated Hurst Statistics. All statistical analysis has been performed on Gretl which gives the good grasp over Hurst Exponent Analysis. Results:- The results revealed that overall KSE-100 index is not following the random walk and is not performing efficiently, and yearly break up shows that market was persistent in few years but mostly it was antipersistent (long-run memory prevails). Practical Implication:- Implementing Hurst Exponent Analysis enabled us to get rigorous result about performance of the Pakistan stock market in terms of efficiency that implied chances of arbitrage opportunity prevail significantly.
PENGARUH PANDEMI COVID 19 TERHADAP MARAKNYA KASUS PERCERAIAN DI BERBAGAI PENGADILAN AGAMA
Authors: Kurniawan I Gede Hartadi , Judge Zulfikar , Olivia Fitria , Suprayogi Agus , Slamet Sri Redjeki , Siswanto Ade Hari , Arianto Henry
Published: April 2021

Pandemi Covid 19 telah membawa begitu banyak pengaruh bagi seluruh sendi kehidupan masyarakat di seluruh dunia, tidak terkecuali di Indonesia. Semua bermula dari diberlakukan status Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia yang bermuara dengan ditutupnya berbagai jenis usaha yang tidak masuk ke dalam jenis usaha yang diperbolehkan beroperasi selama masa PSBB. Hal yang hampir sama juga terjadi di berbagai penjuru dunia, sehingga sangat berpengaruh baik secara langsung ataupun tidak langsung terhadap kegiatan perdagangan ekspor dan impor. Kurangnya pemesanan barang hasil industri dari luar negeri ataupun bahan –bahan impor sebagai bahan baku produksi, mengakibatkan gelombang Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja ataupun pengurangan karyawan di berbagai jenis industri, sehingga mengakibatkan problem ekonomi rumah tangga karyawan dari berbagai industri dan pabrik-pabrik, sehingga bermuara ke gugatan perceraian akibat faktor ekonomi keluarga. Dengan  banyaknya kasus perceraian di Indonesia di masa pandemi covid 19, maka secara otomatis berdampak kepada banyaknya duda atau janda baru sebagai akibat hasil dari proses siding perceraian. Oleh karenanya ,tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini supaya dapat menerima masukan dari peserta webinar untuk ditemukan solusi terhadap akibat dari proses perceraian dan  terkait dengan Undang-Undang nomor 1 tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan yang seharusnya perlu di revisi kembali di beberapa pasalnya, karena tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan dalam berbagai agama yang diakui di Indonesia, dan secara khusus tentang ketentuan mengenai perkawinan di dalam  ajaran Agama Islam.Adapun metode pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah menggunakan metode seminar secara daring atau dinamakan Webinar Kata kunci : perceraian, pandemi, perkawinan
Fiscal Impacts of Demographic Transition in Pakistan
Authors: Raza Taqi , Asghar Nabila , Rasul Farhat
Published: April 2021

This study has examined the fiscal impacts of the demographic transition. Declining fertility rate and increasing life expectancy rate are expected to cause ageing in Pakistan. The population projections of United Nation’s World Population Prospects were used, for projecting the labour force, which uses different scenarios to project population namely low variant, medium variant and high variant scenario. The study found that projected labour force is expected to decline under the medium variant scenario. The study examined the impact of expected decline in labour force on output growth of Pakistan using growth accounting technique, and found that under medium variant scenario, Pakistan is expected to face a loss of 4% of GDP at the end of this century. On the expenditure side, this study attempted to measure the impact of demographic transition on pension expenditures. Due to the increase in the proportion of the dependent population pension expenditures are expected to rise from 1.2% of GDP in 2015 to 3.5% of GDP by the end of the century. Due to the increase in old-age dependency ratio and hike in pension expenditures of Pakistan pay-as-you-go pension system is expected to become fiscally unsustainable as fewer workers would be bearing the burden of aged population. This fact advocates transition from pay-as-you-go pension system to fully funded pension system.
NON POPULAR PRACTISES OF STHANIK CHIKITSA IN DIFFERENT GYNAECOLOGICAL DISORDERS
Authors: Gopal M Jadhav
Published: April 2021

Women health is always at risk due to her socio economic secondary status in Indian society. External opening of her reproductive system is surrounded by the infection prone zones like anal and urethral openings. Also her involvement in reproductive and sexual acts leads to many infectious disease. This entire course along with many anatomical deformities results in various pathophysiological conditions of reproductive system affecting her health. Such conditions are called as Yonivyapad i.e. diseases of female reproductive system in Ayurved texts. Puberty, menarche, sexually active and reproductive period, antenatal period, perpurium, use of various contraceptive aids, menopausal time and various gynaecological diseases are common events of her life. Twenty Yonivyapada are described by all major Ayurved Sanhita. Causes for many of them are local factors and rest are due to complications of major systemic illness. Doshas are major causative factor in yonivyapada. Various local remedies called as Sthanik Chikitsa are available which can give relief at most extent in certain Yonivyapda. Local modalities like Basti, Uttarbasti, Varti, Kalka Dharan, Kshar Pratisaran, Yoni Dhupan, Sek, Abhyang, Pichu, and Yonidhavan are much effective than any modern remedies. But these therapies are practised at institutional levels only. They are not even popular in upcoming generation of Ayurved practitioners. Promotion of these therapies at small set ups is essential to establish good clinical outcome in the management of gynaecological disorders by Ayurved therapy. Their simple techniques, importance, efficacy and cost effectiveness are more favourable aspects to implement them conveniently. Wide use and large scale acceptance can result into implementation of Sthanic chikitsa in the government public health centres in future.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBOMINERAL FORMULATION - SEPTIPAT 250 TABLET
Authors: Khare Rashmi  , Patwardhan Abhishek  , Patwardhan Ashwini  , Pananchery Jeeja  , Jain Ashish
Published: April 2021

Ayurveda is the oldest system of medicine. Ayurvedic, herbal and herbo-mineral preparations are used for the treatment of chronic and degenerative diseases with less side-effects. Septipat - 250 Tablet is a compound herbomineral formulation widely used in Ayurvedic clinical practice as natural antibiotics, which has a tendency to kill the bacteria and give health and hygiene. Septipat - 250 Tablet consists of Kanchnar (Bauhinia variegata), Gulvel (Tinospora cordifolia), Shuddha Guggul (Commiphora mukul), Nagakaeshar (Mesua ferrea) and four mineral ingredients Tamra bhasma, Mandur bhasma, Shadgun Kajjali and Saindhav Lavana. The detailed evaluation of this Patented and Properitory Product was studied for the following parameters: physico-chemical, elemental assay and HPLC analysis of the product. The parameters were found to be sufficient and set as reference specification for the Septipat - 250 Tablet quality control study.
PEDIATRIC MANIFESTATION OF IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME AND AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Deepak S. Khawale  , Sudha Singh  , Varsha N. Sane
Published: April 2021

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common and bothersome disorder in children with an increasing prevalence noted during the past two decades. It has a significant effect on the lives of affected children and their parents and poses a significant burden on healthcare systems. As the patho-physiology of IBS is multifactorial It is difficult to overcome the therapeutic demand of childhood IBS using the same conventional therapeutic agents. The treatment trials are still going on to understand the paediatric IBS and currently focusing on multiple combined interventions in modern science.

Background: A 14 years old male patient came to OPD (29/02/2020) having complaint of frequent abdominal pain with increased frequency of motion along with visible mucus discharge whole day since 15 days with frequent episodes since last 2 years.

Methodology: In Ayurveda this problem comes under Jatharagni dusti and the present case has been successfully treated as per treatment regimen of Grahani chikitsa.

Result: The complete relief has been seen in 6 weeks.
THE ROLE OF ADULT LEARNING AND EDUCATION
Authors: Ernazarova Marxabo
Published: April 2021

В данной статье рассматривается роль обучения и образования взрослых, которое позволит проводить научно-методическую, педагогическую и социокультурную работу со взрослыми обучающимися.
ADULT EDUCATION IS AN AGENT FOR ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Authors: Umarova Fotima
Published: April 2021

представлен краткий обзор рациональности образованиявзрослых в современных условиях.
PROBLEM OMONOMII IN LEARNING ENGLISH
Authors: Omonturdieva Zebokhon
Published: April 2021

The article deals with issues related to the homonymy of the English language. The problem of homonyms is learned and its solution through the use of anecdotes, jokes and puns in English are considered.
APPLICATION OF BIG DATA TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Medetova Kunduz
Published: April 2021

Big Data can become an indispensable tool for transforming the education system, modernizing approaches, narrowing existing gaps and introducing expertise to improve the efficiency of the educational system. Today, the task of presenting technologies for working with big data is considered relevant, which is aimed at the development of educational systems through the identification of formed patterns in the education system. The author of the article defines the methodological aspects of the implementation of big data technology in education, as well as methods of working with them. The main approach in this case is modeling the development of the educational system with the inclusion of regulation measures based on the results of the analysis of the identified formed patterns.
Perceived Effects of Computer-Based Examination (CBE) on Essay Writing Skills of Undergraduates in Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State
Authors: Felix Ilori Olusi , Angela Onobun
Published: April 2021

The study examined the perceived effects of Computer-Based Examination (CBE) on essay writing skills of undergraduates in Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State. One research question was raised and answered while the three hypotheses were formulated and tested in the study. The descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The population of this covered all the 27,388 regular undergraduate students in Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma. A sample size of 546 students were selected for the study. The proportional random sampling technique was used to select 2% of the total number of students across each of the faculties in the institution. The instrument used for the collection of data was developed by the researcher and titled: “Computer Based Examination Perception Questionnaire (CBEPQ)”. The instrument has a reliability alpha (α) of 0.78. The research question was analysed using the mean ( ) and standard deviation (S.D) while the t-test statistics for two independent samples was used to test hypothesis 1, 2 and 3 at 0.05 level of significance. Based on findings, it can be concluded that computer-based examination (CBE) has effect on their essay writing skills as undergraduates in Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State. Hence, it is concluded that undergraduate students of Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma perceived that computer-based examination (CBE) has effect on their essay writing skills. Female undergraduates of Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State had higher perception on the effect of CBE on essay writing but their perception of CBE on essay writing did not differ by age and level of study.
Predicting Loan Defaults Using Logistic Regression
Authors: Zhao Selena , Zou Jiying
Published: April 2021

We used anonymized data from a loan company to analyze correlations between loan defaults and other characteristics of loans or borrowers of loans. We performed an exploratory data analysis of the different factors and how they correlated with loan defaults. Using observations made in the EDA, we proceeded to use logistic regression to predict the odds of loan defaults with several loan characteristics as predictor variables. Different models were evaluated and cross-validated using AIC, AUC, and predicted accuracy. Weighted accuracy was also measured because the loan dataset was a stratified sample. We concluded that the interest rate most accurately predicted the odds of a loan default and that the most useful model was both simplistic and accurate. Research was limited by the variables that were not analyzed during EDA, the limited variables the loan dataset contained, and the modeling technique used.
Effect of Compensation, Quality of Work Life on Performance
Authors: Komar Irsan , Brahmasari Ida Aju , Nugroho Riyadi
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of compensation, quality of work life on employee performance at the Directorate General of Customs and Excise, East Java Regional Office I. The study population was 1323 employees. employees, the number of samples is 200 respondents. The technique of collecting data through a questionnaire. Model testing with structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. The test results show that the model (fit) can be seen from the values of GFI, AGFI, TLI, CFI, RMSEA and CMIN / DF respectively 0.902, 0.907, 0.964, 0.968, 0.026 and 1.127 which indicate the model fit criteria. The results showed that: 1) Compensation has a significant effect on Quality of Work Life, 2) Compensation has a significant effect on Performance, 3) Quality of Work Life has a significant effect on Performance, 4) Compensation has no significant effect on Performance through Quality of Work Life for Office employees Region of the Directorate General of Customs and Excise, East Java I
Analysis of Factors Affecting Nursing Services with Inpatient Satisfaction at Harapan / Pematangsiantar Hospital
Authors: Simanullang Lena F. , Amirah Asriwati , Aini Nur
Published: April 2021

Improving quality of nursing services became a major issue in health development both in national and global, because of growing demands on health services organization to give satisfaction with nursing services maximally by providing the best service to facilitate the ease of fulfilling the needs and realize the satisfaction. This study was a quantitative research design survey analytic used cross-sectional approach. It was conducted at Harapan Hospital Pematangsiantar. The population were 280 respondents  and  a sample obtained by 74 respondents. Data analysis of univariate, bivariate using chi - square and multivariate using logistic regression at 95% confidence level (α = .05). The result showed that more respondents who gave a rating of good in the aspect of reliability, followed by the aspect of responsiveness, tangible, assurance, and empathy the influence aspects in this study were reliability        (p=.002), assurance (p=.014), tangible (p=.011), empathy (p=.030), responsiveness (p=.024). The most influential aspects of this study was  the reliability with  Exp(B)/OR=20.667 that aspect of reliability that respondents perceived to have the opportunity 20.667 times to produce patient satisfaction. It is concluded that there was an influence of reliability, assurance, tangible, empathy, responsiveness to patient satisfaction in Harapan Hospital. It is recommended to hospital to further improve the quality of nursing service, to improve the welfare of nurse through provision of appropriate  incentives hope the nurse, provide training, and installing  CCTV in every  room and monitoring of the level of patient satisfaction on a regular basis  through a survey so that can improve the quality of  hospital services as a whole.
Fabrication and study of Raman signal enhancement of pyramid/nano-Ag structured Silic substrate
Authors: Dau Tran Anh Nguyet , Van Vo Kim Hieu , Tran Thi Thanh Van , Huynh Nguyen Thanh Luan ,   Faculty of Material Science and Technology, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Vietnam,   Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City,   Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City,   Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City
Published: April 2021

The pyramid-structured silicon substrate was successfully fabricated by a chemical corrosion method with an average thickness of about 1 - 3 μm with the optimal parameters such as corrosion temperature of 70oC, corrosion time of 5 min, concentration KOH of 3 M and isopropyl alcohol concentration of 1 M. After that, the silver nanoparticles layer (thickness 20 nm) was coated on the silicon substrate by a sputtering method to enhance the SERS signal. The results proved that the Pyramid/nano Ag structure silicon substrate showed the enhancement effect of Raman signal, and Rhodamine 6G pigment in food at low concentration (10-6 M) was detected and the enhancement factor was 9.7 × 102.
Narrow band imaging and autofl uorescence in orofaryngeal carcinoma diagnostics
Authors: Sýba Jaroslav , Lukeš Petr , Dostálová Lucie , Chovanec Martin , Plzák Jan
Published: April 2021

Despite progress in the treatment of head and neck cancer, the five-year overall survival rate is still low because of late dia­gnosis. The head and neck mucosal tumours were usually dia­gnosed in higher stages in past, therefore new endoscopic optical imaging methods were developed for better and earlier detection of these lesions. They are divided in two main groups – horizontal and vertical methods. The horizontal ones show the surface of the mucous membrane (narrow band imaging, autofluorescence, photodynamic dia­gnosis, magnifying and contact endoscopy). The vertical ones show different layers of the mucosa (optical coherence tomography and confocal endomicroscopy). Narrow band imaging and autofluorescence endoscopy are already used routinely in foreign countries, magnifying and contact endoscopy are getting to practice recently. The authors present a summary of narrow band imaging and autofluorescence endoscopy usage in the dia­gnostics of oropharyngeal carcinoma.
Intermediate rings of complex-valued continuous functions
Authors: Acharyya Amrita , Acharyya Sudip Kumar , Bag Sagarmoy , Sack Joshua
Published: April 2021

For a completely regular Hausdorff topological space X, let C(X, C) be the ring of complex-valued continuous functions on X, let C ∗ (X, C) be its subring of bounded functions, and let Σ(X, C) denote the collection of all the rings that lie between C ∗ (X, C) and C(X, C). We show that there is a natural correlation between the absolutely convex ideals/ prime ideals/maximal ideals/z-ideals/z ◦ -ideals in the rings P(X, C) in Σ(X, C) and in their real-valued counterparts P(X, C) ∩ C(X). These correlations culminate to the fact that the structure space of any such P(X, C) is βX. For any ideal I in C(X, C), we observe that C ∗ (X, C)+I is a member of Σ(X, C), which is further isomorphic to a ring of the type C(Y, C). Incidentally these are the only C-type intermediate rings in Σ(X, C) if and only if X is pseudocompact. We show that for any maximal ideal M in C(X, C), C(X, C)/M is an algebraically closed field, which is furthermore the algebraic closure of C(X)/M ∩C(X). We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the ideal CP (X, C) of C(X, C), which consists of all those functions whose support lie on an ideal P of closed sets in X, to be a prime ideal, and we examine a few special cases thereafter. At the end of the article, we find estimates for a few standard parameters concerning the zero-divisor graphs of a P(X, C) in Σ(X, C).
Mujeres pioneras de la farmacia española relacionadas con la Comunidad Valenciana
Authors: Núñez Valdés Juan
Published: April 2021

Este artículo continúa una línea de investigación del autor cuyo objetivo es el de presentar las biografías de mujeres españolas pioneras en diferentes campos científicos y de la salud, con el propósito de ponerlas como referentes ante la sociedad y mostrarlas como ejemplo de superación ante el resto de mujeres. En él se muestran las biografías de tres mujeres licenciadas en Farmacia entre finales del siglo XIX y primeras dos décadas del XX, que bien por nacimiento o por el lugar donde estudiaron estuvieron muy ligadas a la Comunidad Valenciana. Ellas son María Dolores Pujalte Martínez, María Castelló Castelló y Amparo Conca Torrero. La metodología utilizada ha consistido en completar los escasísimos datos que pueden encontrarse de ellas en la literatura con otros nuevos procedentes de la investigación en hemerotecas de periódicos de la época y archivos y registros oficiales.
Prevalence of Sleep Disorders in Moderate to Severe Type of Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Bhate Janhvi J , Ramachandran Chithra , Menon Unnikrishnan K , Panikkar Siddharth
Published: April 2021

Aim and objective

To study the prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with moderate and severe types of allergic rhinitis (AR).

Materials and methods

Patients presenting to the ENT OPD of a tertiary care hospital were evaluated using validated tools. Those with symptoms of allergic rhinitis and having a score of >7 using the score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR) questionnaire, were assessed for severity of allergic rhinitis using allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) classification. A total of 210 patients with moderate to severe AR were included. Associated sleep disorders were assessed using self-administered questionnaires-French version (HD 42) and Epworth sleepiness scale score (ESS). The data was compiled into IBM SPSS statistics 2.0 windows and correlated.

Results

Among 210 patients included in this study, the sleep disorders reported were insomnia in 59%, hypersomnia in 38.6%, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in 2.4% with no gender or age significance (p = 0.153 and 0.173, respectively). A total of 83.3% of patients complained of tiredness on waking up in the morning and 54.3% of patients reported daytime somnolence. Snoring was correlated with OSA and was seen to be higher in males (45%, p = 0.001) and middle aged (42.96 years, p = 0.002).

Conclusion

There is a significant prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis. Early detection and treatment of these will improve their quality of life.

Clinical significance

Patients presenting with AR symptoms should be routinely questioned about their sleep quality and daytime somnolence so that early detection and aggressive treatment of AR can help in controlling the resultant sleep disturbances and thereby significantly improve the quality of life in these individuals.

How to cite this article

Ramachandran C, Bhate JJ, Menon UK, et al. Prevalence of Sleep Disorders in Moderate to Severe Type of Allergic Rhinitis. Indian J Sleep Med 2021;16(1):1–4.
Clarifying the Applicability of PREN Equations: A Short Focused Review
Authors: Craig Bruce
Published: April 2021

The application of pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN) equations for stainless steels has become ubiquitous across many industries, none more so than the petroleum industry. These useful equations are often used to develop new alloys based on generating the highest possible PREN, however, they are frequently applied incorrectly to environments that are not consistent with the original basis of their development. This focused review presents some of the origins of the PREN equations and their limitations especially for use in oil and gas applications.
Playing Fair
Authors: Butler Joy I.
Published: April 2021

Playing Fair shows teachers how to create the learning environments typical of the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) approach. This text takes the TGfU approach to a new level, incorporating the development of group processes and democratic behaviors that promote personal growth as well as the ability to thrive in group situations.

Antisocial behavior and bullying are ongoing problems in schools today. The concepts and practical ideas for lessons offered in Playing Fair address those problems proactively as students learn about conflict resolution, inclusion, democratic decision making, leadership, and bullying. The topics in this book come together in developing the cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains, all primary goals of the physical education curriculum.

Playing Fair offers teachers these benefits:
Practical classroom stories showing teachers how they can apply theory and learning situations to their own students and school contextActivities that include modifications so teachers can apply the games with students of all developmental levelsLearning checks consisting of questions for teachers to ask their students in order to assess their learningKey Concepts, a special element that calls out important concepts for readers

Playing Fair will help students gain a better understanding of themselves and others, and it will make them sensitive to issues such as social justice, collaboration, negotiation, inclusiveness, and fairness. Students will learn to make informed decisions in the context of their invented games and to make intentional, reasoned inquiries about game situations, which they can then transfer to other areas of their lives.
Teaching Children Gymnastics
Authors: Werner Peter H. , Williams Lori H. , Hall Tina J.
Published: April 2021

This third edition of Teaching Children Gymnastics will help you tailor a gymnastics program to your teaching situation while combining the best facets of developmental skills, health-related fitness, and conceptual learning based on process characteristics of body, space, effort, and relationships. Internationally renowned author and educator Peter Werner and coauthors Lori Williams and Tina Hall guide you through the process of teaching gymnastics skills and then linking those skills into sequences.
Physical Activities for Young People with Severe Disabilities
Authors: Canales Lindsay K. , Lytle Rebecca K.
Published: April 2021

Physical Activities for Young People With Severe Disabilities will help you provide high-quality physical education for students with cerebral palsy, spina bifida, and other orthopedic impairments that inhibit their ability to function physically. This compact book includes

• 50 illustrated activities that use common objects as equipment,

• evidence-based research that outlines the benefits of physical activity for people with disabilities and that you can use to support your adapted program, and

• safety tips and teaching strategies for working with students with disabilities.
Teaching Healthy Lifestyles in Middle School PE
Authors: Gorwitz Crystal
Published: April 2021

MISSING
Developmental and Adapted Physical Activity Assessment
Authors: Horvat Michael , Kelly Luke E. , Block Martin E. , Croce Ron V.
Published: April 2021

Developmental and Adapted Physical Activity Assessment details the assessment process, explains how to use assessment data when making programming decisions, and reviews specific assessment tools for adapted physical educators and physical therapists. It describes assessment concepts and procedures and provides the information teachers need to accurately assess their students with disabilities.

Written by four of the most experienced and trusted specialists in adapted physical activity, Developmental and Adapted Physical Activity Assessment

walks you systematically through the assessment cycle from beginning to end, providing accountability for all involved;helps you assess the whole student-including social, affective, physical, and cognitive domains-to spur development to its fullest potential;compares and contrasts existing assessment tools;offers in-depth case studies in each chapter to reinforce and enhance understanding of real-world challenges; andincludes appendixes with sample write-ups of different assessments.