bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
КОНЦЕПТ ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ В АНГЛОЯЗЫЧНЫХ СМИ
Authors: Glebova Ekaterina Alexandrovna
Published: April 2019

Данная работа является лингвокультурологическим исследованием явления глобализации. В работе исследуется концепт глобализации, отражающийся в дискурсе англоязычных СМИ. Попытка интерпретировать понятие глобализации в лингвистике на материале периодических изданий англоязычных средств массовой информации и стало целью данной работы.В качестве основных методов исследования применялись метод интерпретативный, словообразовательный, стилистический и количественный методы, применяемые для анализа фрагментов печатных текстов периодических американских и английских изданий, содержащих апелляцию к изучаемому концепту.Научная новизна исследования состоит в выявлении концепта глобализации на материале англоязычных СМИ и описания его образной составляющей.Результаты исследования: образ глобализации в англоязычных СМИ раскрывается преимущественно через метафоры природного мира и человеческой деятельности, указывая на масштабность и стихийность исследуемого явления.
МЕТОД ТИПОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИНДЕКСОВ В ИССЛЕДОВАНИИ АФФИКСОВ СО ЗНАЧЕНИЕМ КАЧЕСТВА В ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОМ АНГЛОЯЗЫЧНОМ ТЕКСТЕ
Authors: Dmitrieva Elizaveta Igorevna
Published: April 2019

Цель исследования. Статья рассматривает применение метода типологических индексов в анализе словообразования. Типологическое индексирование помогает объективно описать частотность того или иного языкового явления. Принимая во внимание принцип эргодичности, заключающийся в том, что если в одной части системы осуществлена комбинация элементов определенного типа, то она осуществима и в другой части системы, можно считать метод индексов применимым для анализа отдельных языковых явлений на конкретном языковом материале. В данной работе рассмотрены индекс суффиксации, префиксации и деривации применительно к категории качества. Материалом практической части исследования служат профессиональные тексты железнодорожной тематики.Методы и методология исследования. Основными методами является индексирование, квантитативный анализ и сопоставление.Результаты исследования. Из полученных данных можно сделать вывод о том, что в профессиональном тексте наиболее часто встречаются суффиксы -ation, -ment, -ity и префиксы in-, en-.Область применения полученных результатов. Полученные результаты могут применяться в дальнейших исследованиях в области словообразования и терминоведения, в ходе процедуры стандартизации терминов, а также при обучения английскому языку для специальных целей.
КОГНИТИВНО-ИДЕОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ РУССКОГО И АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЖАРГОНОВ НАРКОМАНОВ
Authors: Khasanova Nurgizya Fialitovna
Published: April 2019

Репрезентация когнитивной сферы, выявление идеографических характеристик эмотивной лексики и фразеологии русского и английского жаргонов наркоманов определяют актуальность темы и проблематику статьи, которая позволяет выявить и описать языковой и социокультурный мир наркоманов. В данной статье основные виды деятельности и интересы лиц, принадлежащих к данному социокультурному сообществу, классифицируются четырьмя направлениями: «бизнес», «удовольствие», «болезнь» и «конечный результат», которые раскрывают основные характеристики жаргона наркоманов, проявляющихся в эмоциональном отношении к реалиям, эксплицируя таким образом антиценностную аксиологию картины мира жаргона наркоманов.Цель. Целью статьи является систематическое и сопоставительное описание жаргона наркоманов русского и английского языков в аспекте их социолингвистических характеристик.Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу исследования образуют типологическое описание анализируемого материала. Метод частичной выборки лексем и фразеологизмов из жаргонных и арготических словарей; компонентного анализа; когнитивного и идеографического моделирования.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что предложена новая классификация для характеристики русского и английского жаргонов наркоманов, уточнены представления о смысловой структуре эмотивных языковых единиц жаргона наркоманов, об аффективных сторонах языковой личности исследуемой субкультуры.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в сфере социальной диалектологии, лексикологии, фразеологии и аксиолингвистики.
LOCALIZATION OF WEBSITE VERBAL CONTENT INTO ENGLISH AS A MARKETING STRATEGY
Authors: Volkova Irina Dmitrievna
Published: April 2019

Цель. На сегодняшний день необходимость локализации онлайн-ресурсов обусловлена глобализирующей тенденцией развития интернет-коммуникации. Стратегии локализации варьируются в зависимости от характера реализуемых посредством интернет-платформ продуктов и услуг, однако в любом случае локализованные версии предоставляют потенциальным клиентам доступ к достоверным источникам информации о мировых брендах. Целью настоящего исследования является изучение феномена локализации с лингвистической точки зрения применительно к вербальному контенту международных сайтов. В статье предпринимается попытка обоснования необходимости дифференции англоязычного контента для каждой из англоязычных стран, включенных в структуру локализованных версий сайтов, и выявить вербальные средства, за счет которых осуществляется данный процесс.Методология проведения работы. Основу исследования образуют методы контекстуального, сравнительного и прагматического анализа.Результаты. В результате проведенного исследования были описаны механизмы создания локализованного контента в рамках одного сайта и в пространстве одного языка – английского. В статье делается вывод о значимости локализации сайта и текста, в частности, на английский язык и о необходимости дифференциации между двумя уровнями, на которых может осуществляться локализация – уровень текста и интертекстуальный уровень.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в сфере осуществления масштабных проектов локализации различных видов международных сайтов.
СТАРОФРАНЦУЗСКАЯ ЛЕКСИКА СО ЗНАЧЕНИЕМ «ЯЗЫК» В СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОЙ КАРТИНЕ МИРА
Authors: Gadzhieva Zamira Tsaraevna , Kaitukova Svetlana Ilinichna
Published: April 2019

Цель. Основной целью настоящей статьи является попытка систематизироваить и дополнить лексику со значением «язык» в старофранцузском языке.Предметом анализа выступают лексемы со значением «язык», зафиксированные в словаре старофранцузкого языка А.Ж. Греймаса.Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу исследования образует историко-этимологический метод, который позволяет выявить специфические черты анализируемой лексики в указанном периоде, а также помочь современному читателю максимально адекватно воспринять информацию с учетом большого хронологического разрыва.Результаты. В результате анализа выявлено, что семантическая эволюция лексики со значением «язык» и ее функционирование в рассматриваемом периоде свидетельствует, главным образом, о значительных изменениях в их семантике, приведших к выработке специфического для средневековой культуры способа концептуализации окружающей действительности, состоящего из чрезвычайно гибкого и разностороннего дробления последней.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены при преподавании истории французского языка, лексикологии и в практике составления словарей.
Microbiopolitics in art: Joyful acts of insurrection
Authors: Pérez Bobadilla Mariana
Published: April 2019

This article explores projects of art and biology as joyful acts of insurrection. It presents critical and creative perspectives to generate alternative structures of subjectivity. These alternative structures gain relevance when intersectional variables of privilege and discrimination as political tools are set in crisis by a postanthropocentric awareness. The thesis of this article is that in order to understand and develop postanthropocentric intersectional positions, the microbial posthuman joins the cartographies of the posthuman as a material possibility from microscopic biological matter and philosophical and artistic thought. This microbial posthuman also allows for a reframing in the light of microbiopolitics, a redistribution of pain, life and death within a broader notion of life.
The anthropocosmic vision of mixed reality: Taking HCI artwork Flow of Qi (2007) as a case study
Authors: Wu Yi-Chen
Published: April 2019

This article critically investigates the potential confrontation that exists between mixed reality in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) artworks that are, respectively, based on the concepts of phenomenology and Chinese Qi. My proposal is exemplified by the Industrial Technology Research Institute of Taiwan’s Flow of Qi (2007), which uses ultra wide band technology that instantly transforms the data of a pair of participants’ real-time breath into the replication of calligraphy masterworks projected onto the floor in front of the participants. To explore how efficiency of breath constitutes mixed reality in Flow of Qi, I draw a parallel between Qi, which is embodied as breath, and agency whereby, as discussed by Murray and Hansen, the notion of the perception-action relationship is emphasized. However, compared to agency, Qi is characterized as evoking ‘the unity of the cosmos with humanity’ (t’ien-jen ho-yi) because the participants are involved in a process wherein the masters used their brushstrokes to grasp the respiration of the cosmos. Therefore, employing the concepts of Chinese Qi draws out an anthropocosmic vision of mixed reality that links participants with the cosmos and manifests a Qi world-view through digital media.
Quantifying the value teachers place on non-monetary factors when evaluating job opportunities
Authors: Gunther Jeffrey
Published: April 2019

The way in which working conditions, personal characteristics, and school factors influence teacher recruitment and retention is an oft-studied topic in the field of education finance and policy. Through decades of research, it has become increasingly clear that teachers respond to a set of monetary and non-monetary factors when making decisions in the teacher labor market. What is less clear is the relative or absolute value teachers place on factors such as salary, student demographic factors, school conditions, and other working conditions such as class size, curricular autonomy, and principal support, to name a few. This project introduces the use of a novel survey methodology to the field to aim to answer these questions. This study utilizes Adaptive Choice-Based Conjoint (ACBC) analysis to quantify the relative importance of various monetary and non-monetary job factors to practicing teachers as they consider the desirability of various hypothetical schools. The use of ACBC in an estimate of the value placed on various working condition factors by secondary teachers in Utah and an analysis of how those valuations vary with personal and demographic factors. The results of this research provide practical recommendations for administrators and policymakers that aim to make schools more desirable for teachers and demonstrates the use of a novel methodology to answer outstanding questions in the field of teacher recruitment and retention.
Análisis de la carrera docente en la educación primaria en México: Entre el credencialismo y la meritocracia
Authors: Cuevas Yazmín , Rangel Montalvo Karla
Published: April 2019

Este artículo tiene como propósito responder a las siguientes preguntas: ¿en México qué desarrollo ha tenido la carrera docente en educación primaria entre 1930 y 2017?, ¿cuáles son los cambios que se han presentado en la carrera en relación con el contexto histórico-político?, y ¿cuáles han sido los elementos y los criterios que han dirigido tal regulación docente? Se realizó un análisis de leyes, reglamentos y normas en relación con la carrera docente. Entre los principales resultados se encontró que este país ha seguido tres enfoques de carrera. El primero es el credencialista, como consecuencia del desarrollo del naciente sistema educativo y de los pactos políticos entre el sindicato de maestros y el Estado. El segundo es el enfoque transitorio, que incorporó elementos de la meritocracia en una estructura legal credencialista. El tercero es, el meritocrático, que destaca por el uso de evaluaciones de desempeño para la gestión de la carrera docente, para lo que se crearon nuevas instancias con el fin de desplazar al sindicato de los procesos de regulación. Se observa que las particularidades del sistema educativo, así como el contexto histórico-político marcan trayectos singulares de la carrera docente mexicana.
A report on new chromosome number of three Dioscorea species
Authors: Paul Chiranjit , Debnath Bimal
Published: April 2019

Chromosomal study conducted in nine species of Dioscorea from different forest belts of Tripura revealed that their somatic chromosome number ranged from 2n=40 to 2n=60. The record of 2n=40 chromosome in the sexual phenotypes of Dioscorea hamiltonii, Dioscorea glabra and Dioscorea pubera are the first time report from Tripura, North East India. Moreover the somatic chromosome counts of 2n=60 in Dioscorea pentaphylla would be attributed as a new cytotype. However at the respective ploidy level no difference in somatic chromosome count was observed between their sexes.
Tempo, história e subjetividade em uma abordagem “atópica” das teses de Walter Benjamin em seu ensaio Sobre o conceito de história
Authors: Andrade Marta Mega de
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo, busca-se refletir acerca dos problemas do tempo e da subjetividade na produção de conhecimento histórico. A abordagem escolhida é profundamente inspirada no pensamento de Giorgio Agamben e parte da citação da relação entre história e poesia no trecho 1451 (a, b) da Poética de Aristóteles. O trecho procura estabelecer uma diferença entre história e poesia, que é discutida aqui com referência a três dimensões míticas da temporalidade grega — aiôn, chrónos, kairós — com o objetivo de caracterizar esboços de uma concepção de tempo diferente da nossa e para a qual se propõe aqui a imagem do “corpo do tempo”. O diálogo que se segue com as teses incluídas em Sobre o conceito de história, de Walter Benjamin, aproxima a problemática do corpo do tempo à questão da ação e da subjetividade histórica, indagando sobre a possibilidade de conceber uma imagem do tempo mais adequada à ação constituinte do sujeito histórico e a sua relação com o possível.
Com a metodicidade das obras de jurisprudência: o julgamento histórico a partir da Guerra civil no Rio Grande do Sul, de Tristão de Alencar Araripe (1879-1881)
Authors: Antoniolli Juliano Francesco
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo,analiso o julgamento histórico como parte integrante da produção historiográfica no século XIX. Para isso, exploro o confronto de interpretações acerca da Revolução Farroupilha (1835-1845) iniciado em 1879, em torno da memória documentada de Tristão de Alencar Araripe, e da recepção desse documento na Corte e na província do Rio Grande do Sul. A memória e as respostas que ela gerou permitem refletir sobre a construção de juízos pelos historiadores na sua prática de representação do passado. Nesse sentido, exploro duas possibilidades de interpretação. No primeiro momento, trato de refletir o condicionamento social dos julgamentos históricos, salientando, para o caso de Araripe, os aspectos relativos à sua formação e atuação como letrado e como político. Em seguida, debruço-me sobre alguns princípios que fundamentavam o ofício do historiador, tais como a seleção das fontes e a imparcialidade na apreciação dos fatos, por meio da crítica à memória formulada por Karl von Koseritz.
Exemplary History: Competition in Roman Historiography
Authors: Balmaceda Catalina
Published: April 2019

A great part of the perceived value of history in the ancient world was connected with its educational function. In one way or another, it was regarded as a beneficial guide to conduct or as magistra vitae (Cicero, De Oratore II, 36). To give political instruction and advice on the one hand (Polybius, I, 1, 2), and to provide exempla, were two major aims of history. This paper will argue that by narrating the history of the past, historians not only judged past actions or people, and provided useful moral examples to their contemporaries, but also stimulated a type of competition between past and present times. By recording good examples to be imitated and bad ones to be avoided, the Roman historians promoted the code of values of the maiores for their own time, fostered action and, to a certain extent, became significant indicators to Roman society. This competitive aspect of Roman historiography is illustrated here in three distinct categories, analysing the work of major Roman historians: Sallust, Livy and Tacitus.
Knowledge and practices among primary school children regarding use of sanitary latrine in Kushtia municipality of Bangladesh
Authors: Reza Hasan Mahfuz , Saha Ashees Kumar
Published: April 2019

Background: The purposes of sanitation are to provide a healthy living environment for everyone, to protect the natural resources such as surface water, ground water, soil and to provide safety; security and dignity for people when they urinate or defecate. Effective sanitation system provide barrier between excreta and humans in such a way as to break the disease transmission cycle. The study was conducted to explore the level of knowledge and practices of primary school children regarding use of sanitary latrine.Methods: A cross sectional survey was carried out among 372 children in 4 selected primary schools. Data were collected using questionnaires regarding socio-demographic characteristics of children, their knowledge and practices of using sanitary latrine.Results: Study results showed majority of the students (84.9%) heard the name of sanitary latrine and 15.1% students didn’t. The study showed that about 80.1% students had pucca/water seal latrine and 18.8% students had kantcha latrine in their houses. It was found that almost all students (98.4%) use sanitary latrine and only 1.6% didn’t. It was also found that about 98.9% students use soap after defecation and 1.1% use only water.Conclusions: The result shows that majority of the students heard the name of sanitary latrine and almost all students use sanitary latrine. So the knowledge and practices regarding use of sanitary latrine of primary school children is satisfactory.
Assessment of prevalence and knowledge, attitude and practice of tobacco consumption among school going adolescent boys in urban field practice area of medical college: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Singh Dhananjay Kumar , Kesarwani Priyanka , Sinha Shivani , Singh Vipul Kant
Published: April 2019

Background: Tobacco abuse is one of the biggest curses that modern society has come across. It is not confined to any one country or region alone, but has widely afflicted the globe. The most susceptible time for initiating use of tobacco in India is adolescence and early adulthood, ages 15-24 years while some start as young as 10 years.Approximately 55,500 adolescent start using tobacco every day in India, joining the 7.7 million young people under the age of 15 who already use tobacco on a regular basis.Methods: It is a community based cross-sectional study conducted among school going adolescent boys of urban field practice area of medical college during July to September 2017. Data was collected through pretested semi-structured self -administered questionnaire given to students by the investigators. Data collected were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 17 software.Results: The prevalence of ever use of tobacco was 17.5% among school going adolescent boys in urban field practice area. In the present study it was observed that 174 (95.1%) adolescent boys had knowledge regarding hazards of tobacco. 110 adolescents (60.1%) had knowledge that passive smoking was harmful.Conclusions: The study suggests that the prevalence of tobacco consumption was high among school going adolescent boys in urban field practice area of medical college. The knowledge of students regarding harmful effects of tobacco was not adequate. Attitude and practice regarding tobacco consumption is also not satisfactory.
Does health seeking behaviour influences on quality of life of type II diabetes patients, an untouched area in diabetes, study done in JSS Hospital, Mysore
Authors: B. B. Savitha Rani , Kulkarni Praveen , N. C. Ashok , M. Renuka , K. S. Vinay
Published: April 2019

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a multisystem disorder associated with number of complications. If patients are to contribute to the effective control of diabetes, awareness and practices can assist in reducing the incidence of its complications.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 200 type II diabetic patients at JSS Hospital, Mysuru was conducted, assessment of health seeking behaviour using semi structured questionnaire was done. Quality of life was assessed using WHO QOL-BREF Questionnaire.Results: Among 200 study participants 53.5% belongs to age group 41-60, 57.5% were males, 44.5% were having family history of diabetes, 68.5% were on oral hypoglycemic agents. 163 (81.5%) were anxious when they were diagnosed as diabetics, 123 (61.5%) were influenced by themselves to go for investigations, 68 (34%)were influenced by Doctors, 131 (65.5%) had no money as the barrier to attend hospital for check-up, 186 (93%) visit hospital once in less than 3 months, 180 (90%) of them believed oral drugs are the treatment for diabetes, 188 (94%) prefer Allopathic medicine. Association between initial response on diagnosis and interval for regular monitoring with Quality of life of diabetic patients was statically significant (p≤0.05).Conclusions: Health seeking behaviour is an important determinant of controlled glycaemic status and Quality of life of people living with diabetes.
Quantification of poor menstrual hygiene among women of reproductive age group in a slum of Kolkata
Authors: Dasgupta Aparajita , Roy Keya , Bandyopadhyay Lina , Paul Bobby
Published: April 2019

Background: Menstruation, a phenomenon unique to the females, is the cyclical shedding of the inner lining of uterus. It is associated with myths and misconceptions and poor knowledge of the normal physiology. Above all, poor menstrual hygiene is a precursor of various morbidities related to the reproductive tract. This study was conducted among women of reproductive age (WRA) group with the aim to assess their socio demographic characteristics, to elicit the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding menstruation and to find the factors associated with the menstrual hygiene practice.Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 152 women aged (15-49 years) during December 2017 to January 2018 in Lockgate area of Chetla, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and practices towards menstruation were obtained from structured questionnaire. Outcome variable was menstrual hygiene practice. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were performed to analyze the data by using SPSS 16.0 version.Results: The mean ages of the participants were 27±8 years. Inadequate knowledge, negative attitude and unsatisfactory practice towards menstruation were 73.7%, 65.1% and 62.5% respectively. Significant correlates were Lower level of education [AOR=1.6 (1.3, 2.1)] and less per capita income [AOR=4.7(1.4, 15.5)] for inadequate knowledge. Less per capita income [AOR=4.7(1.9, 11.1)] for negative attitude. Increasing age [AOR=1.1 (1, 1.2)] and lower level of education [AOR=1.3 (1.2, 1.6)] for unsatisfactory menstrual hygiene practice when adjusted with other variables in the multivariate analysis.Conclusions: Women need to be educated about the significance of menstruation, importance of high quality menstrual hygiene management, use of satisfactory absorbent material, proper and hygienic disposal of menstrual absorbent so as to enable them to lead a healthy reproductive life.
Health education as a tool to quit tobacco use among non-teaching staff in a medical college of North Karnataka: an interventional study
Authors: Kumar Shashikanth Yogesh , Priydarshini Ankita
Published: April 2019

Background: Non-teaching staff working in medical institutes forms a formidable workforce and an important sector with respect to public health point of view. Nothing much is known about their tobacco habits and quit patterns.Methods: An interventional study was conducted for the period of two months among 258 non-teaching staff in a medical college in north Karnataka. A self-administered questionnaire followed by intervention in the form of health education about the harms of tobacco was given to the participants. Further, follow-up was conducted after a week and at the end of one month using the same questionnaire to study the quit rate among the tobacco users. Appropriate statistical tests were used to analyze the results.Results: Among 258 consented participants, 98 (38%) were using tobacco in any form. Smoking forms of tobacco use was seen in 17 (17.35%), smokeless forms in 61 (62.24%) and dual smoking and smokeless forms in 20 (20.41%) participants. Among tobacco users, only 30 (32.60%) actually attended the intervention. First follow-up was attended by 26 (86.67%) but none of them had quit tobacco. Second follow-up was again attended by same 26 participants. Among them, 3 (11.54%) participants had quit tobacco.Conclusions: Tobacco consumption among the study participants was high. Compliance for health education to quit tobacco was poor among study participants. Similarly, tobacco quit rate among those who attended the intervention and the two follow up sessions was very poor.
Prevalence of accidents and poisoning due to household hazardous materials in a rural area of Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Ramanan Karunakaran Shree , Muthunarayanan Logaraj , Ramraj Balaji
Published: April 2019

Background: Over the last few decades hazardous materials have become a common household item in many rural areas of the developing world. Due to their easy availability, commercialization, accessibility and lack of awareness it has become a significant health problem globally. The objective of the study is to estimate the prevalence of household hazardous material accidents and poisoning and the factors associated with household hazardous accidents and poisoning among the rural population.Methods: A cross sectional study was done among the households located in rural fields practice area tertiary care hospital, with the sample size of 244 households by probability proportion sampling method. House to house interview was conducted using a predesigned, pre-tested questionnaire and household hazardous accidents and poisoning was assessed.Results: The overall prevalence of household hazardous accidents was 2.1% among the population. Among them 70% were less than 10 years of age followed by 10 to 20 years. The prevalence of household hazardous accident and poisoning was found to be positively associated with the factors like age <10 years, easy accessibility and storage in the open self.Conclusions: Regular assessment for household hazardous accident and poisoning should be carried out at the community level to find the exact burden. Utilization of this information, especially by the stakeholders and policy makers in the regional health sectors, can avert the problematic health situation.
Knowledge attitude practice on breast self-examination in a rural area in North Kerala
Authors: Ishaaque Sherin , Gopalamenon Nandini
Published: April 2019

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It is estimated that 5,08,000 women died due to breast cancer in 2011 globally. Late detection of breast cancer decreased the survival rate to 56% and the 5-year survival rate reached 85% with early detection of breast cancer. Breast self-examination (BSE) is an inexpensive tool which helps women to detect any early changes in their breasts and thus helps to reduce the breast cancer mortality and morbidity. The present study was designed to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding BSE among women aged 25 years and above.Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in rural North Kerala, among 206 women aged ≥25 years selected by cluster sampling. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire.Results: The participants were aged between 25-94 years (mean age 40.15±13.17). 62.6% have heard about BSE. Among the 206 participants, 12% had good knowledge while 10.6% knew the correct technique of doing BSE and only 0.06% knew that BSE must be performed once a month. Though 80.5% have good attitude regarding BSE, only 36% practised BSE and only 0.04% performed it every month. Educational status (high school and below vs higher secondary and above) was found to be significantly associated with knowledge (p<0.001) and practice (p=0.003). Knowledge regarding BSE was significantly associated with practice (p<0.001) while family history of breast cancer was not (p=0.072).Conclusions: The respondents had good attitude regarding BSE but knowledge and practice on BSE were very poor. Educational status has an influence on the knowledge and practice while family history did not have any influence.
Attitude towards compulsory rural health services among interns of RajaRajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru
Authors: S. C. Ranganatha , M. N. Damayanthi , Jailkhani Sheetu
Published: April 2019

Background: In India, majority of Doctors are working in urban than rural areas. Health situation report suggests that medical students should be provided with a rural clinical placement to make them familiar with the rural workplace. Hence the present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the attitude of the interns of RajaRajeswari Medical College and Hospital (RRMCH), Bengaluru, towards compulsory Rural Health Services.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at RRMCH, Bengaluru for a period of two months. All the interns willing to participate and present on the day of study were included. Consent was taken and the information was collected by using a self administered semi-structured questionnaire. The participants were asked to respond on a five point Likert scales, ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 and Pearson’s chi-square test was applied.Results: Out of 100 interns, majority (56%) was females, 85% were Hindu by religion and 68% were from urban locality. Out of 100 interns, only 14% showed positive attitude towards compulsory rural health services. The reasons for positive attitude were that it provides a good exposure of general practice and an opportunity for independent working.Conclusions: In the present study, only 14% interns showed positive attitude towards rural health services. Perceived factors such as Isolation from family and Inadequate Hospital infrastructure emerged as barrier for the interns to opt for rural services.
Timely referral and safe transport of neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of tertiary care government hospital of Agra district: a cross sectional study
Authors: Negi Rudresh , Agrawal Renu , Kaushal Sunil K. , Misra Sunil K.
Published: April 2019

Background: Timely referral and safe transport form a crucial link for the survival and safety of sick newborn. Thus the study aimed at assessing referral and transport of sick neonates admitted to NICU of a tertiary care government hospital and the factors associated with direct referral and safe final transport.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out in among 450 neonates and was based on face to face interview with caregivers. The data was analyzed using proportions and mean values Chi square test of significance and independent t test were appropriately applied and p<0.05 was taken to be statistically significant. Odds ratios were calculated for dichotomous variables.Results: 72.6% of high risk pregnancies were transferred timely in utero to district hospitals. Around two thirds (65.8%) of neonates were referred by doctors. Treatment during transportation was administered to 29.6% of the neonates. 50.2% of neonates have used the services of an ambulance at some point of time during their travel. Highly significant association of direct referral was observed with earlier age at admission (2.3 days), early development of neonatal symptoms (1.45 days), lesser gestational age (33.1 weeks) and lesser total distance travelled (15.7 km). The odds of final transport of newborns in ambulance was significantly more in males (OR=1.5), rural residents (OR=1.5) and registered pregnancies (OR=4.3).Conclusions: Wide variations remain in neonatal referral and transport with some glaring gaps which need to be adequately addressed.
Assessment of death registration coverage and its delays in district Faridkot: an urban rural comparison
Authors: . Anupamdeep , Padda Preeti , Gupta Sanjay , Gupta Vishal , Devgan Shalini , Monga Shamim
Published: April 2019

Background: Death registration has been made compulsory under the RBD Act 1969 as it acts as a back bone for planning services and formulates policies. According to CRS 2013, at national level, 70.9% of deaths were registered which is far from magic figure of 100% despite of concerted efforts of government. So this study was conducted to assess the coverage of death registration and its delays.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted over a period of one year where 332 households(166 each from urban and rural area reporting deaths in last two years were included in study after taking informed written consent. Relevant information was collected using a predesigned and pretested questionnaire by house to house survey. Coverage was calculated with possession of death certificate. Data was compiled and analyzed using EpiInfo07 (CDC, Atlanta, USA).Results: Out of 332 deaths, 245 (74%) out of which only140 (57%) possessed the death certificate. The main cause of death was cardiac diseases. Maximum coverage was seen in the age group 41-60 years. Delay in registration was seen in 48% with significantly higher proportion in rural area (59%) than in urban area (40%). Reasons for delay were time constraints, lack of knowledge and financial constraints. Socio demographic variables like religion, caste, type of family, family size and SES were not found to be associated with delay.Conclusions: The coverage of death registration was comparatively higher than national data and delay was observed in about half of the death registration coverage.
Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding generic medicines and its usage: a community-based study
Authors: Ballala Kirthinath , Rao Chythra R. , Chaudhary Aparna S. , Bidnurmath Ashwini S. , Pandey Akhilesh K.
Published: April 2019

Background: India is the largest provider of generic medications globally. Despite this, several essential medicines remain inaccessible to majority of the general population, due to poor awareness, unavailability of drugs, distrust about the quality of the medicines, poor policy implementation and inadequate recommendation by doctors.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 1151 adults in rural and urban areas attached to the community outreach area of a University Medical College. Written informed consent was taken from the participants. Data was collected using a pre-tested semi-structured online questionnaire and analysed using SPSS 15.0.Results: Knowledge regarding generic medicines was found to be low among the surveyed population (666, 57.9%), irrespective of their socio-economic status, education, occupation, place of residence or presence of chronic illnesses. As the knowledge was poor, participants were briefed about the generic medicines and their benefits. Thereafter, the attitude was assessed and found to be favourable among more than half (633, 55.0%) of the surveyed population. The usage of Generic medicines was found to be poor among the respondents. Only 53 (4.6%) of the total study population had switched from branded to generic medicines in the past six months as generic medicines were less expensive compared to their branded counterparts.Conclusions: The awareness about generic drugs and its usage was poor in the surveyed population. A favourable attitude towards generic drugs was achieved by educating the people about their similarity to branded medications. Therefore, there is a need to educate people not only about the quality, safety and efficacy of the generic medicines but also about the government initiatives like the Jan Aushadhi scheme.
Epidemiological investigation of an acute gastroenteritis outbreak in a tribal village near Madhya Pradesh-Maharashtra border
Authors: Bawa Mukesh S. , Kinge Amol D. , Borde Ananta , Patil Sarika , Gosavi Shriram , Pagar Vikrant , Rathod Mamata , Chavan Sushant , Shirpurkar Mangesh
Published: April 2019

Background: Diarrhoeal diseases represent a major health problem in developing countries. Conservative estimates place the global death toll from diarrhoeal diseases at about two million deaths per year (1.7 - 2.5 million deaths), ranking third among all cases of infectious disease death worldwide. The prime purpose of an outbreak investigation is to control the outbreak, limit its spread to other areas and assess how preventive strategies could be further strengthened to reduce or eliminate the risk of such outbreak in future.Methods: It was a descriptive cross sectional study of epidemic occurred in Khetiya village, Dist Barwani (MP), population of 67,500 during 17 October 2016 to 17 November 2016. All the cases reported within last one week around the market place village in Khetiya, presenting with symptoms and signs of AGE (as per standard case definition of IDSP) and willing to participate in the investigation.Results: Males were 56.96%, & female cases were 43.03%. Majority of the study subjects lied between 20-40 years. The mean age was 30.15±5 years. Majority of the cases belonged to lower middle class SES (38%). 87% population was tribal, 48% cases were labourers, 42% were farmers and 10% were others.Conclusions: Males were 56.96%, & female cases were 43.03%. Majority of the study subjects lied between 20-40 years. The mean age was 30.15±5 years. Majority of the cases belonged to lower middle class SES (38%). 87% population was tribal, 48% cases were labourers, 42% were farmers and 10% were others.
Determinants of menstrual hygiene among school going adolescent girls in urban areas of Hyderabad
Authors: Chajhlana Sunil Pal Singh , Amaravadhi Sai Ram , Mazodi Sai Deepika , Kolusu Venkata Sravani
Published: April 2019

Background: The word adolescent is derived from the Latin word “adolescere”, which means to grow into maturity. The adolescent girls get debarred due to various social misconceptions, lack of privacy, illiteracy of parents, especially mother, low socioeconomic conditions, and lack of proper health awareness and education about this sensitive issue which ultimately results this age group into vulnerability to reproductive tract infections, which can be reduced by improving the knowledge about the menstrual hygiene.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among school going adolescent girls during the month of November 2018. Data was collected using a questionnaire which includes socio-demographic variables and menstrual hygiene practices. Sample size of the study was 69 students. The assessment of knowledge was done as good knowledge (score: >5/10) poor knowledge (score <5/10). The of data and the. All the data collected was entered and analysed with MS excel software 2007.Results: 28.1% girls were aware of menstruation prior to attainment of menarche.. Major source of information about menstruation is mother (53.6%). More than 80% of adolescent girls are using sanitary pads as an absorbent. Lack of disposal facility and lack of water supply are reasons for school absenteeism.Conclusions: In this study the knowledge of menstruation hygiene among the study population is significantly associated with mother’s education and occupation.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of >20 years
Authors: Gilla Sravanthi , Abida Humera
Published: April 2019

Background: Obesity is a newly emerging, global pandemic problem involving developed as well as developing countries. Even in countries like India, which are typically known for high prevalence of under nutrition, significant proportions of overweight and obese now coexist with the undernourished. Overweight and Obesity are the 5th leading risk of global deaths. Rapidly changing diets and lifestyles are increasing the global obesity epidemic. According to recent estimates, there are more than one billion overweight people worldwide, and some 300 million of these are estimated to be obese. Obesity is one of the important risk factors for non communicable disease like CAD, stroke, cancer, depression etc, going to increase burden of non communicable diseases in terms of morbidity and mortality. Aims and objectives were to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of >20 years and to identify various factors associated with overweight and obesity.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted and 446 women of 20-60 years age were included in the study. A Predesigned questionnaire was used for the study. Anthropometric measurements such as weight, height, waist circumference were measured using standard techniques.Results: In the present study, prevalence of overweight in the study population was 28.2% and obesity 13.6%. Overweight & Obesity were significantly associated with family history, comorbid conditions etc.Conclusions: Prevalence of overweight & obesity is increasing in developing countries like India due to changing life styles, diet patterns and sedentary life style. This observation emphasizes large scale awareness campaign about overweight and obesity.
Effect of core strengthening on cardiovascular fitness and flexibility in obese individuals: experimental study
Authors: Multani Gurmeet Kaur , Sutar Anuradha , Nikhade Nitin , Ghodey Snehal
Published: April 2019

Background: Obesity is associated with various physiological changes which decrease the cardiovascular fitness and flexibility and slows person activity. Core muscles strengthening improve respiratory efficiency and activity of the diaphragm. Hence this study aimed to examine effect of core strengthening on cardiovascular fitness and flexibility in obese individuals.Methods: Experimental study of 6 weeks was carried out among 16 people who were selected by purposive sampling there was 1 drop out. Subjects between 18-25 years, male & female with BMI ≥25 kg/m2-35 kg/m2 were selected. Pre reading were taken by measuring Queen's college step test, Modified sit and reach test, Shoulder and arm flexibility test which were recorded at week 1st, week 3rd and of the same at 6th week. Core strengthening exercise were given targeting 5 regions upper & middle abs, oblique, transverses, lower abs were progressed every 2 weeks by increasing repetition and difficulty level e.g., unstable surface (Swiss ball).Results: A significant improvement was found in readings of VO2max (Queen's College step test), modified sit and reach test, shoulder & wrist flexibility test (p<0.0001).Conclusions: The study showed positive result with (p<0.05) which suggests that core strengthening improves cardiovascular fitness and flexibility in obese individuals.
Facial paralysis probably related to systemic isotretinoin
Authors: Kutlu Ömer , Balta İlknur , Karaarslan Engin , Nalbant Emine Esra Kıratlı , İmren Göğem , Ekşioğlu Hatice M.
Published: April 2019

We report a patient with severe acne who developed facial paralysis after two months of treatment with oral isotretinoin. Drug withdrawal resulted in a complete clinical recovery. Our case and a review of the literature indicate that oral isotretinoin might be capable of causing a dysfunction of predominantly sensory nerve fibers in some individuals. Clinicians should be aware of possible neurological sensorial symptoms during isotretinoin therapy.

 
Local realism quantum mechanics can be established: a review of the book of quantum mechanics’ return to local realism
Authors: Tu Runsheng
Published: April 2019

All the experiments that prove that Einstein is wrong and Bohr won have a serious flaw or loophole that is difficult to overcome — Have to subjectively judge the state of the system before the measurement. Undoubtedly, the establishment of quantum mechanics of local realism is a strong support for Einstein. Many people are dissatisfied with the quantum mechanics of non-local realism and want to establish the quantum mechanics of local realism. But they did not break through the bottleneck. The concept of wave function is widely used in existing quantum mechanics. However, the nature of the wave function is unanswerable. The model of "real wave curling inside the particle" determines that the wave function is the motion equation of localized real wave. The wave mechanics based on such wave functions is quantum mechanics of localized realism. The mathematical formal system of local realism quantum mechanics is the same as the existing one. Explanation of double slit diffraction can be experiment by directional quantization. The explanation system of local realism quantum mechanics is established, and it is guaranteed that this system can also be organically combined with the existing mathematical formal systems of quantum mechanics. Local realism quantum mechanics has all the elements of a valuable new theory, and its birth conforms to the law of theoretical development.
COMPOSITIONAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY IN OBESE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Gerasimchik O. A. , Girsh Ya. V.
Published: April 2019

Background. The steady growth of obesity in the children’s age group determines the need for integrated modern approaches to diagnosis and therapy.

Objective. To determine the body composition of adolescents with different body mass for the quantitative analysis of the internal environment of the organism using the method bioimpendancemetria.

Design and methods. To determine the composition of the body, 121 adolescents aged 10–17 years were examined, the average age was 13.9 years (± 2.1). Evaluation of anthropometric data and determination of BMI at the 1st stage of the study allowed to identify 3 groups of patients: group 1 — adolescents with normal body weight, 40 people (33 %), group 2 — overweight, 48 people (40 %) and group 3 — obese, 33 adolescents (27 %). At stage 2nd, the analysis of the body structure using computer impedance, which allows to determine the composition of the body in a percentage.

Results. When assessing the structure of the body, in group with normal body weight, the content of adipose tissue corresponds to the normal value. In adolescents overweight and obesity in 100 % of cases there was an increased content of fat mass. In the group of adolescents with normal body weight, the percentage deviation of AKM is 16–17 %, in the group with excess body weight 12–40 %. Insufficient as well as excessive percentage of AKM causes hunger. The higher AKM in full adolescents, the more difficult the process of weight loss. During the evaluation of the main metabolism it was found that in the group of obese patients the indicators exceeded those in the groups with normal and overweight.

Conclusion. The use of bioimpedance analysis allows to create an optimal set of sequential effects aimed at correcting the fat mass, water composition and muscle mass of the patient, which determines a more directed and effective weight loss and the possibility of dynamic control.