bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unexpected consequences? Bicameral policymaking shifts through term limits
Authors: Olds Christopher
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The imposition of term limits in bicameral (two‐chamber) state legislatures could produce unforeseen consequences in the policymaking process. Supporters of term limit rules have not considered that their imposition could fundamentally shift the sequence of policymaking in legislatures. This is important given that research on sequential bicameral policymaking suggests qualities of the lower chamber allow it to cultivate policy expertise such that the upper chamber will defer to the lower chamber in policymaking. This project aims to explore whether this proposed policymaking sequence exists in term‐limited states.

Design/methodology/approach

A comparison of policy adoptions in states with and without term limits is performed using an original data set on bill adoptions for all US bicameral legislatures that had a regular session between the years 2000 and 2006. Least‐squares regression models evaluate whether basic characteristics of legislatures are as relevant as term limit characteristics in explaining the level of outputs from the lower chamber in term‐limited states.

Findings

In states with term limits, the level of policy adoptions initiated by the lower chamber is lower than levels seen in states without term limits. This finding holds when controlling for other relevant variables that can potentially explain lower chamber productivity.

Research limitations/implications

The study analyzes aggregate state‐level data and does not interview individual legislators in states with and without term limits on whether term limits can alter future legislative behavior.

Originality/value

This study is the first to examine whether the policymaking sequence differs between states that possess and do not possess term limit rules.
Technology forecasting for residential energy management devices
Authors: Daim Tugrul U. , Iskin Ibrahim , Ho Daniel
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to forecast the performance and adoption of residential energy management technology (REMT).

Design/methodology/approach

The paper integrates scenarios, analogy and Bass diffusion model.

Findings

Four different scenarios were identified. Bass curve parameters were extracted through many different existing devices, and then fit into each scenario subjectively to produce four different kinds of diffusion curves.

Originality/value

The approach and the model provide decision and policy makers to evaluate how they should position new energy management innovations based on the desired type of diffusion.
A study of adult protection referrals in two local authorities: an overview of findings for managers and practitioners
Authors: Cambridge Paul , Mansell Jim , Beadle‐Brown Julie , Milne Alisoun , Whelton Beckie
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to report the key findings from a study of adult protection referrals collected by two English local authorities during 1998‐2005.

Design/methodology/approach

Referrals were analysed for patterns relating to risk with client level data supplemented by information from the local authority databases and from the Care Quality Commission. The analysis also examined associations between adult protection processes and outcomes and looked at how adult protection monitoring data could be improved to better inform safeguarding management and practice at local and national level.

Findings

Sexual abuse was most frequently reported for people with intellectual disabilities, who were also at higher risk of abuse when living out of area. Older people were most at risk of financial abuse in community settings and of neglect in residential care.

Originality/value

The study identifies patterns of risk in the abuse of older people and those with intellectual disabilities and informs preventive interventions. It also indicates priorities for improving the quality and comparability of adult protection monitoring data.
Reforming the legal framework for adult safeguarding: the Law Commission's final recommendations on adult social care
Authors: Spencer‐Lane Tim
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to set out the Law Commission's final recommendations for the reform of adult social care, with a particular emphasis on the recommendations for a new legal framework for adult safeguarding in England and Wales.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper discusses each of the Law Commission's recommendations for adult safeguarding and contrasts them with the proposals put forward at the consultation phase of the review.

Findings

The paper argues that a single legal framework for adult social care, including adult safeguarding, with have substantial benefits in terms of legal clarity, consistency and efficiency.

Social implications

A clear and single legal framework is important for older and disabled people, and their carers, in order to understand fully their entitlements, and for local authorities and partnership agencies (such as the NHS and the police) in order to understand fully their responsibilities.

Originality/value

The paper provides a clear summary of the Law Commission's final report – in particular the recommendations for adult safeguarding.
Entrepreneurial marketing: a strategy for the twenty‐first century?
Authors: Morrish Sussie C.
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present the author's view of the role of entrepreneurial marketing (EM) as a strategy to address the dynamic marketing environment of recent times.

Design/methodology/approach

The author reflects on some significant marketing changes and provides some contemporary example of companies that have successfully adopted EM approaches and challenged traditional marketing wisdom.

Findings

EM is best conceived not as a nexus between marketing and entrepreneurship, but as an augmented process, where both the entrepreneur and the customer are the core actors, co‐creating value within the marketing environment.

Originality/value

While this is an opinion piece, the paper provides evidence of how EM can be adopted and applied by entrepreneurial firms and challenges marketers to create and control their own‐marketing environment.
Influence from entrepreneurship in marketing theory
Authors: Hultman Claes M. , Hills Gerald E.
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to point at some examples where entrepreneurship theory can influence the developments within marketing theory.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors present conceptual arguments for an increased attention to findings within entrepreneurship theory in the future research and education of marketing.

Findings

Present mainstream marketing theory can be criticized for emphasizing managerial marketing behavior. Entrepreneurial activities are an important part of today's business world and this should be reflected in how we teach and research marketing. The research interface between entrepreneurship and marketing can, therefore, create fruitful developments for marketing. Some examples are: opportunity recognition processes; how marketing decisions are made and implemented; and strategic marketing.

Originality/value

The paper reflects the authors' opinion and provides some arguments for an increased focus on entrepreneurial aspects in future marketing education and research.
Entrepreneurship's relevance to marketing
Authors: Miles Morgan P. , Crispin Stuart , Kasouf Chickery J.
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to better define the contribution of entrepreneurship to the advancement of marketing thought.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is a literature review that uses examples from the literature to propose new research directions.

Findings

The paper proposes research opportunities, and concludes that the contributions of entrepreneurship to normative macro‐marketing are largely absent.

Practical implications

The marketing/entrepreneurship interface continues to be a connection that is difficult to define. Yet, it is an area with rich research potential, and it is critical that marketing embraces these opportunities to strengthen its strategic focus as a discipline.

Originality/value

The paper integrates literature from a variety of perspectives from marketing and related fields, and maps the marketing/entrepreneurship interface on Hunt's classification schema.
Entrepreneurial and SME marketing
Authors: Gilmore Audrey
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to consider marketing and its relevance to entrepreneurs and small to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs), and how entrepreneurs and SMEs owner/managers adapt and use marketing for their specific requirements during the life of an enterprise. Initially, the paper will give some background to the subject, including how entrepreneurs and SMEs owner/managers are defined and their value to the economy.

Design/methodology/approach

The discussion draws from the academic literature and from experience of working with entrepreneurs and SMEs over a number of years. The background characteristics and frameworks of entrepreneurial and SMEs marketing are considered, with emphasis on a pragmatic approach, to try to understand how entrepreneurs and SMEs actually “do” business.

Findings

The main body of the paper focuses on the nature of entrepreneurial marketing typically used by SMEs. The key themes of the discussion are how entrepreneurs and SME owner/managers adapt standard marketing frameworks to suit their own enterprises, how they use networks to improve their business activity, the use and development of marketing management competencies and how they try to use and develop innovative marketing.

Research limitations/implications

Finally, the paper comments on the inter‐relationships and relevance of entrepreneurship and marketing for each other.

Originality/value

In practice, entrepreneurial and SMEs marketing is quite different from the marketing frameworks described in the standard marketing textbooks used to teach most undergraduate students. This paper illustrates how entrepreneurs and SMEs adapt and use marketing according to the needs of their enterprises.
Contextual marketing
Authors: Deacon Jonathan H. , Harris Jackie
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptualisation of the components of contextual marketing (CM), in light of the outcome of the Charleston Summit, through the development of the meaning and operation of language used in context – that is: the language and the associated meaning of words used in a highly socialised setting such as a small firm and articulated through conversation.

Design/methodology/approach

A conceptualisation of the components of CM are proposed based upon a critical review of pertinent literature and the development of extant conceptualisations for research at the marketing/entrepreneurship interface.

Findings

A model is produced that outlines a development of one of the four perspectives (as an outcome of the Charleston Summit) of research at the marketing/entrepreneurship interface and proposes that a third notion be considered in developing research studies that includes the wider aspects of sociology, psychology, anthropology and philosophy – in this case: sociolinguistics, in order that a better insight be gained of the meaning and operation of marketing at the “interface”.

Practical implications

A more detailed understanding of the components of CM will advance research meaning and gain practitioner credibility.

Originality/value

This paper develops a conceptual framework for future and further research at the interface by considering the need to introduce fundamental socially derived aspects to the scope of research – in this case the third notion of sociolinguistics – in order to gain a better insight to the phenomena of marketing in entrepreneurial small firms.
Lost or just at a crossroads: is entrepreneurship the way forward for marketing?
Authors: McAuley Andrew
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to reflect on whether entrepreneurship is the way forward for marketing.

Design/methodology/approach

The approach is to reflect on work undertaken in the area and to make some additional contemporary observations.

Findings

Together, both entrepreneurship and marketing offer the opportunity to develop unique and tailored solutions to consumers' needs and wants.

Originality/value

This viewpoint has value in its contribution to stimulating thinking and debate about future directions for research.
The use of a mandatory best practice reminder in the electronic record improves influenza vaccination rate in a pediatric rheumatology clinic
Authors: Patwardhan Anjali , Kelleher Kelly , Cunningham Dennis , Menke James , Spencer Charles
Published: October 2011

Purpose

Children with rheumatic disease, who are infected with influenza, have an increased rate of complications. These complications can be reduced by improving the flu vaccination rate. This paper's aim is to document the authors' purpose of increasing the influenza vaccination rate through information technology (IT) intervention in this high risk population of patients.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors retrospectively reviewed the electronic health records (EHR) of three yearly cohorts (2007, 2008, and 2009) of rheumatology clinic patients from a large pediatric hospital for evidence of influenza vaccination. They introduced an automatic best practice reminder intervention in patients' EHR from September 2009 to April 2010. Using Clarity Report Write for EPIC, each chart was examined for evidence of influenza vaccination to test for vaccination rate difference among the cohorts. The authors employed logistic regression equations to control for possible confounders using SAS 9.1.3.

Findings

There was a significant difference in the probability of being vaccinated before and after intervention (pvalue <0.0001).The vaccination rate increased from 5.9 percent in 2007, 7.8 percent in 2008 and to 25.5 percent in 2009. During all three years, individual attending's contribution and ethnicity of patients had significant effects on vaccination rate. Confounders such as age, sex, insurance status and distance travelled from clinic had no effect on the vaccination rate.

Originality/value

EHR‐embedded information in past studies has been only modestly effective in improving care for many chronic conditions. The automatic best practice reminder for flu‐vaccine appears to be effective for changing physician's behaviors and improving the vaccination rate in rheumatology clinics.
Implementing and adopting electronic health record systems
Authors: Cresswell Kathrin , Worth Allison , Sheikh Aziz
Published: October 2011

Purpose

This paper aims to outline an approach to study the implementation and adoption of information technology systems in healthcare.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use the introduction of electronic health records, part of the English National Programme of Information Technology, as an example to illustrate how theoretical lenses need to be effectively integrated with practical considerations in order to help researchers to overcome the theory‐practice gap in relation to research in this area.

Findings

Integrating actor‐network theory (ANT) with other theoretical lenses can usefully inform the design of evaluation of the implementation of electronic health record systems into healthcare settings, but it is necessary that such deliberations are informed by guidance on how to use conceptual considerations in practice.

Originality/value

The paper outlines how combining a case study‐based approach informed by multi‐sited ethnography and drawing on ANT offers a method for a theoretically‐based approach to such evaluations.
Clinical governance, education and learning to manage health information
Authors: Ellis Beverley , Howard John
Published: October 2011

Purpose

This paper aims to suggest that the concept of clinical governance goes beyond a bureaucratic accountability structure and can be viewed as a negotiated balance between imperfectly aligned and sometimes conflicting goals within a complex adaptive system. On this view, the information system cannot be separated conceptually from the system of governance it supports or the people whose work it facilitates or hinders.

Design/methodology/approach

The study, located within the English National Health Service (NHS) between 1999 and 2005, is case study based using a multi method approach to data collection within two primary care organisations (PCOs). The research strategy is conducted within a social constructionist ontological perspective.

Findings

The findings reflect the following broad‐based themes: mutual adjustment of a plurality of stakeholder perceptions, preferences and priorities; the development of information and communication systems, empowered by informatics; an emphasis on education and training to build capacity and capability.

Research limitations/implications

Limitations of case study methodology include a tendency to provide selected accounts. These are potentially biased and risk trivialising findings. Rooted in specific context, their generalisability to other contexts is limited by the extent to which contexts are similar. Reasonable attempts were made to minimise any bias. The diversity of data collection methods used in the study was an attempt to counterbalance the limitations highlighted in one method by strength from alternative techniques.

Practical implications

The paper makes recommendations in two key governance areas: education and learning to manage health information. In practice, the lessons learned provide opportunities to inform future approaches to health informatics educational programmes.

Originality/value

With regard to topicality, it is suggested that many of the developmental issues highlighted during the establishment of quality improvement programmes within primary care organisations (PCGs/PCTs) are relevant in the light of current NHS reforms and move towards commissioning consortia.
Historical background of corporate social responsibility
Authors: Moura‐Leite Rosamaria C. , Padgett Robert C.
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a long history associated with how it impacts on organizations' behavior. In order to understand CSR's impact on organization behavior, therefore, it is necessary to comprehend its progression. Subsequently, the purpose of this paper is to trace the conceptual evolution of CSR.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper reviews the literature and adopts a chronological structure organized on a decade‐by‐decade basis. The results demonstrated that CSR research has changed constantly during the last 60 years.

Findings

In the 1950s the primary focus was on businesses' responsibilities to society and doing good deeds for society. In the 1960s key events, people and ideas were instrumental in characterizing the social changes ushered in during this decade. In the 1970s business managers applied the traditional management functions when dealing with CSR issues, while, in the 1980s, business and social interest came closer and firms became more responsive to their stakeholders. During the 1990s the idea of CSR became almost universally approved, also CSR was coupled with strategy literature and finally, in the 2000s, CSR became definitively an important strategic issue.

Research limitations/implications

The focus of this work is on researches that have generated much of the original discourse on this issue, since it is difficult to cover all of the existing literature. In addition, this analysis of the conceptual evolution of CSR started with Bowen's, although earlier references can be found.

Originality/value

This paper provides didactical information of the conceptual evolution of CSR, also it advances on the discussion of the progress of CSR throughout time that has caught the attention of several researchers and finally it provides recommendations for further studies.
A free market capitalism or a speculative market capitalism?
Authors: Mraović Branka
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the interaction between the economic and political imperatives of new monetarism. The breakdown of the global derivatives markets, which came into the spotlight during the 2008/2009 global debt crisis, brought up the issue of trust. The matter at hand is the loss of trust in investors' ability to make informed decisions, but trust in the self‐regulating capacity of open markets has also been seriously shaken.

Design/methodology/approach

Relying on Roche and McKee's analysis of the global financial crisis, the author emphasizes that new monetarism is not a new paradigm, but rather a result of economic circumstances. Although the growth of financial asset prices was indeed partly a result of the liberalization of financial markets, the decisive factor is to be found in the creation of new financial instruments. On the one hand, derivatives have drastically increased the “investment power” or “purchasing power” of money. However, on the other hand, derivatives are a form of under‐appreciated liquidity that creates bubble assets.

Findings

Over the last two decades, the value of global financial assets has grown much faster than the real economy in its background, which means that in the era of new monetarism, financial markets set the tone of the real economy. Consequently, in the eyes of investors, the crucial term becomes “liquidity”, rather than “real economy”. As disinflation multiplied the value of financial assets, central banks progressively lost control of money. Players in financial markets that had increasing trust in cheap money started to introduce new forms of money, which allowed them to create liquidity, independently of the central bank. It has been shown that the quantity and cost of money available for investment can be frozen up to a point where it threatens the global financial system.

Practical implications

Networks for promoting social responsibility of the corporate sector, which more and more tightly cover our small planet, wish to make transparent the connections between corporate leaders, politicians and organizations to which they are connected. Their members conduct research with the aim of making the invisible power of money visible.

Originality/value

New financial democracy in the post‐modern era presupposes financially literate citizens, which without a doubt presents a challenge for education systems, which will evidently have to incorporate a new, crucial form of literacy, in addition to linguistic, mathematical and computer literacy – financial literacy.
Rural banks' financial capital and livelihoods development of women farmers in Ghana
Authors: Akudugu M.A.
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to find out how financial capital from rural banks is contributing to the livelihoods development of women farmers who constitute the most vulnerable and disadvantaged group in Ghana and other developing countries.

Design/methodology/approach

Women farmers were randomly sampled, resulting in 100 beneficiary and 100 non‐beneficiary women farmers who were used for the study. The incomes of women farmers were compared and the factors influencing income earnings estimated using simple regressing analysis.

Findings

Financial capital from rural banks was found to have positive contributions to the livelihood development of the women farmers and the poor in general. Whereas, the beneficiary women farmers had significant improvement in their access to health care, education and increased income among others, the non‐beneficiaries only had marginal improvements.

Research limitations/implications

Women farmers do not keep accurate records on their production activities and had to rely on their memories to give costs of production and outputs obtained. This might have slightly affected the results.

Practical implications

Governments and development partners in third world countries should integrate the provision of financial capital in their development policy formulations. This is critical for the attainment of the millennium development goals (MDGs), especially on the reduction of extreme poverty and hunger as well as gender equality and empowerment.

Originality/value

This research paper brings to light the fact that financial capital is an important tool that can be used to turn life around for poor families and individuals in developing countries in Africa and elsewhere. It demonstrates how financial capital is critical for the attainment of the MDGs.
Transformational place building: a mixed method exploration of small businesses
Authors: Thomas David F. , Gould James M. , Gaede Diane B. , Jurin Richard R.
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of transformational business practices using the construct of organizational place building. The objective is to develop a more expansive model of place building that examines and the potential of their business practices on place.

Design/methodology/approach

This project employed a mixed method research focusing on collecting, analyzing, and mixing both quantitative and qualitative data in a single study or series of studies. Members from the chamber of commerce of three cities in Northern Colorado participated in two phases of research.

Findings

The mixed method approach captured key themes that provided a discernable structure to the place building construct, and revealed that businesses build place in a variety of ways each according to their own culture and business model.

Research limitations/implications

The traditional model of corporate social responsibility while important, is limited in scope and influence. In contrast, we have argued for a more expansive perspective which examines how transformational organizations value place and the potential of their business practices to enhance or diminish community well‐being.

Social implications

The paper presents a step in the direction of building a coherent theory of how organizations build place and poses new questions about the role of organizations in relation to places.

Originality/value

A theoretical understanding of how organizations contribute to the construction of place would benefit from the work of economists, geographers, sociologists as well as management theorists.
Indigenous wildlife enterprise
Authors: Austin Beau J. , Garnett Stephen T.
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the Gulin Gulin Buffalo Company (GGBC), an Indigenous wildlife enterprise, within a sustainable livelihoods framework and to understand the factors that have contributed to its success.

Design/methodology/approach

A combination of participatory observation, semi‐structured interviews and a focus‐group discussion were undertaken to understand the implications of the enterprise with regards to each of the five capitals of the sustainable livelihoods framework.

Findings

The GGBC has successfully mustered feral buffalo from Northern Australia for 20 years. A livelihoods assessment of the industry shows that the natural capital (the buffalo) are harvested below replacement levels, financial returns are significant, the business possesses adequate physical infrastructure, human capital is increased through on‐the‐job training, and there is community support. Seven factors underpin this enterprise's success: the productive capacity of the buffalo and the resources it consumes; the minimal amount of anti‐use sentiment harboured by the Australian public towards the commercial use of buffalo; the size of the market and its indifference to wild harvested stock; consistent culturally aware management; strong historical roots in the pastoral industry; considerable alignment of the company's activities to the local culture; and strong relationships with the associated community.

Originality/value

This paper provides insight into the nature of a successful Indigenous wildlife enterprise in remote and regional Australia that sheds light on Indigenous enterprise success more generally. As such, this paper will be valuable for Indigenous entrepreneurs and Indigenous economic development professionals, policy makers and researchers.
Benchmarking the student experience: the offshore campus experience
Authors: Sid Nair Chenicheri , Murdoch Nicolene , Mertova Patricie
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to look at the role of the student experience questionnaire in collecting students' perceptions of their experiences in studying at an offshore campus of an Australian University, compared with the experiences of the University's students in Australia. In particular, it seeks to highlight the difference in perceptions of students resulting, for example, from the size of the campus versus the size of other campuses and the whole institution.

Design/methodology/approach

The case study is based on a student learning experience questionnaire utilised by a large research‐intensive Australian tertiary institution (with two overseas campuses). The results of the questionnaire are compared between one overseas campus and the whole institution. The case study looks at the experiences of the overseas campus compared with the Australian experience. Although the case study is situated within one institution, there are aspects and lessons that are applicable to other institutions internationally, in particular when considering collecting student feedback in relation to multi‐campus or multi‐venue programmes.

Findings

Higher satisfaction rates for different aspects of student learning experience were identified at the overseas campus in comparison with the whole institution. This was attributed to the smaller size of the overseas campus and thus better engagement of and personal attention to students at this campus. This finding may be particularly relevant to other international institutions in relation to the role of an institution's size and collection of student feedback.

Practical implications

The case study outlines a number of strategies adopted to enhance student engagement and subsequently to improve the aspects which they have indicated as being less satisfactory. The institution was chosen as an example of how particular strategies may be adopted in other institutions.

Originality/value

Enhancement of student experience is pre‐conditioned by good survey response rates among students for an institution to base its actions on opinions of a sufficiently high number of students. This paper describes a successful strategy of engaging students adopted by a large research‐intensive Australian university, and thus increasing survey response rates.
Healthcare teamwork best practices: lessons for industry
Authors: Tanco Martín , Jaca Carmen , Viles Elisabeth , Mateo Ricardo , Santos Javier
Published: October 2011

Purpose

Since the field of healthcare was a latecomer to the quality movement, knowledge transfer has generally flowed in one direction, from industry to healthcare. However, organisations can also be enriched by healthcare. In particular, this paper aims to show industry that important lessons can be learned regarding how teamwork is generally managed within healthcare.

Design/methodology/approach

To identify the useful lessons that healthcare can teach industry, the authors started with a brainstorming session among the members of the research team to pin‐point the lessons based on their experience with healthcare and industrial environments. Afterwards, an exhaustive review of the relevant literature from the last ten years was carried out.

Findings

Industrial organisations need to develop teamwork frameworks focused on involving every employee in cross‐disciplinary, empowered and trained teams. Moreover, from a team perspective, special care must be shown when defining clear roles, focusing on end clients, formulating shared objectives and facilitating internal communications.

Practical implications

The ten lessons from healthcare teamwork best practices believed to be the most important are given in the paper. Although some of these lessons may not be completely new concepts for industrial organisations, the paper shows how healthcare develops, spreads and applies these concepts in the real world.

Originality/value

The paper summarises, in ten useful lessons for organisations, healthcare's best teamwork practices in the literature.
Relationships between the integration of audits and management systems
Authors: Bernardo Merce , Casadesus Marti , Karapetrovic Stanislav , Heras Iñaki
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the application and the level of integration of internal and external audits in organizations that are registered to multiple management system standards.

Design/methodology/approach

Using descriptive analyses, this work examines the manner in which organizations, categorized in a previous study with respect to the degree of integration of their standardized management systems (MSs), apply and integrate the related MS audits. The sample included 435 Spanish organizations registered to ISO 9001: 2000 and ISO 14001: 2004 at the minimum.

Findings

It was found that organizations that exhibited a higher level of integration of their standardized MSs also demonstrated more highly‐integrated audits. In addition, the level of integration was generally higher for internal compared with the external audits.

Research limitations/implications

The main limitation was related to the survey responses, because they were asked and obtained from the organizations' managers only, and not from the registrars or other external audit bodies.

Originality/value

The study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the usage of auditing systems in organizations, in particular the level of integration of internal and external MS audits relative to the integration of the corresponding MSs.
Police reform: from police authorities to police and crime commissioners
Authors: Joyce Peter
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to consider the background of the proposal contained in the coalition government's Police and Social Responsibility legislation to replace police authorities with directly elected police and crime commissioners (PCCs) and to evaluate the potential problems that will arise from this reform.

Design/methodology/approach

The research is library‐based, utilising a range of primary and secondary sources. The objectives of the research are addressed by examining a number of key themes: the creation of police authorities; the evolution of police authorities; the target regime; consequences of increased central control over policing; the Community Empowerment agenda; the reform of police authorities; the 2010 coalition government and PCCs; problems posed by PCCs; and the progress of reform.

Findings

The research established that the role performed by police authorities in the governance of policing was in need of reform, in particular because of their inability to ensure that local concerns were adequately addressed by their police forces. However, it is argued that replacing an authority with one single person possessing considerable powers over policing poses significant dangers which include the potential of this reform to politicise the police.

Originality/value

The paper presents a detailed analysis of a key aspect of coalition government policing policy and seeks to establish that what is proposed contains serious weaknesses which must be addressed in order to provide for a workable system of police governance. It is of relevance to those engaged in delivering policing, crime prevention and community safety agendas.
Tales from prison: reflections on a decade of offender research
Authors: Briggs Daniel
Published: October 2011

Purpose

This paper aims to present the author's reflections on prison research studies undertaken over the last ten years.

Design/methodology/approach

Some reflections come from personal diaries while others are lasting memories, which made a significant impact on the author as a young researcher.

Findings

The reflections highlight several important aspects of researching prisons: that people in prison may be quite selective about information they disclose if interviewed; that prisons, rather than prisoners, can act as significant barriers for researchers – operationally as well as institutionally; that this why the researcher should try to go beyond “the interview” at all opportunities and look to engage as much as possible with interviewees – even if it means walking around the wing, playing pool with them or seeing their cells.

Originality/value

The short paper will be useful for any researchers entering custody with the task of undertaking quick‐fire research studies.
The partnership approach as a process in dealing with crime and disorder reduction
Authors: Houghton John
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The paper seeks to examine the developments from the 1970s to the present that led to the creation of the partnership approach, to ask whether it is still viable in today's world.

Design/methodology/approach

Early experiments are analysed together with common problem areas which arose. It charts the interest in these ideas by central government and the implementation of various policies which set the scene for a major step forward in the Crime and Disorder Act 1998. It then briefly examines recent public inquiries, together with an experimental project set up in Manchester in 2008 with a Home Office grant, to assess whether the “partnership approach” is still an effective process to address crime reduction.

Findings

In conclusion, whilst acknowledging that practitioners in the field are supportive of this “approach”, certain issues remain unresolved. If public support is to be maintained, the paper offers a course of action which would improve the situation.

Originality/value

Notwithstanding the problems and difficulties identified, there is still a general support for the “partnership approach” from the agencies which make up this process; however, it is difficult to assess whether the public is offering the same degree of acceptance. What is clear is that this “approach” has not developed as swiftly and as surely as anticipated.
CETL for employability: identifying and evaluating institutional impact
Authors: Laughton David John
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the aims, objectives and approach to change adopted by the e3i CETL for Employability at Sheffield Hallam University and illustrates the impact of change via three thematic case studies and an organising framework for understanding the locus of change with respect to work‐related learning: module curriculum and pedagogy (micro level), Faculty and Departmental strategies and operations, course design, structure and delivery (meso level), and institutional policies and processes (the macro level). These experiences are distilled to formulate recommendations for a modus operandi for those interested or involved with transforming higher education institutions (HEIs) to create a greater emphasis on and enhanced opportunities for students to engage with work‐related learning.

Design

A case studies approach is utilised to illustrate the work of the CETL in practice and generate insights.

Findings

Findings suggest that HEIs can successfully embrace the WRL agenda and make a significant contribution to achieving its aims and objectives. Central to this success is encouraging institutions to absorb WRL into their mission in an overt manner, providing guidance, support, encouragement, inspiration, resources and reward to colleagues involved in creating and facilitating WRL, and adopting a modus operandi with regards to change that resonates with institutional academic culture.

Practical implications

The paper suggests an approach to strategic and transformative change in HEIs that will be of interest to change agents across the sector.

Originality/value

The paper adds insights to the expanding literature on managing large‐scale change initiatives in HEIs.
Recognising a more complete education through a Lifewide Learning Award
Authors: Jackson Norman
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to an educational design developed by the SCEPTrE CETL at the University of Surrey, aimed at encouraging, recognising and valuing learning and personal development gained through students’ lifewide (co‐ and extra‐curricular) experiences.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper explores, through a single case study, the development and piloting of a Lifewide Learning Award through which capability that is relevant to being an effective professional can be recognised.

Findings

An award framework and supporting guidance and web infrastructures was devised and successfully piloted. Although feedback from student participants and from external peers employed as independent auditors was positive and encouraging, because of significant cost‐cutting within the University, the Award Framework is not being taken forward.

Practical implications

Universities that are successful in promoting and recognising such personal learning, personal development and self‐authorship will have a competitive advantage over those that do not. The implication is that all institutions of higher education should include such frameworks in their strategies for preparing students for the complexities that lie ahead of them.

Originality/value

The core concepts of lifewide learning and lifewide curriculum and the application of these concepts through an award framework which enables a number of important learning theories to be connected and integrated. The Learning Partnership Model for “self‐authorship” developed by Baxter Magolda and others in the USA is particularly relevant. While the new educational practices are not being taken forward at Surrey the ideas can be readily adapted to other institutional contexts.
The Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management: first reflections
Authors: Kovács Gyöngyi , Spens Karen M.
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the editorial operations underpinning the Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management in light of the review process and the quality of articles. It further outlines the articles in the special issue and relates them to the scope of the journal.

Design/methodology/approach

The editorial processes of the journal are analysed and reviewed.

Findings

The journal draws on a variety of research streams in humanitarian logistics; it is concluded that there is a need to stress the importance of research with managerial insights for humanitarians still further.

Research limitations/implications

Humanitarian logistics is an emerging field and, unsurprisingly, there is still a lack of good empirical research and research with rigor as well as relevance. Based on submission statistics it can be concluded that the field has already reached a global dimension.

Practical implications

There is still a lack of empirical studies in humanitarian logistics research regardless of methods. However, an explicit discussion of managerial implications alongside theoretical conclusions would be essential in order to lead to any social and practical implications of the research.

Social implications

These reflections on the editorial processes of JHLSCM as a new journal are used to raise the transparency of these processes.

Originality/value

The article shows how global the field of humanitarian logistics research has become, already, throughout the first year of the journal.
A qualitative study exploring the challenges of humanitarian organisations
Authors: Sandwell Christopher
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify the underlying issues of humanitarian disaster relief logistics in order to provide an understanding of the challenges facing humanitarian organisations in a wider context.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper takes a qualitative approach, adopting a two‐dimensional multi‐strategy research design, culminating in a model of theoretical understanding.

Findings

The results suggest that operational issues encountered in humanitarian logistics are symptomatic of wider issues affecting humanitarian organisations. In understanding this, challenges were identified that, if overcome, could make for more effective relief missions.

Research limitations/implications

In terms of implications, this paper provides an opportunity for further research, including the testing of the suggested model against an extended sample size which could include senior managers of humanitarian organisations (involved in strategising), and United Nations representative(s).

Practical implications

The research raises an awareness of the characteristics of humanitarian organisations that may well be acting as barriers to greater effectiveness and efficiency.

Originality/value

Rather than maintaining an operational focus throughout, the scope and nature of this study provide an insight into humanitarian organisations that allows for a deeper level of understanding to be gained in terms of their characteristics, which broadens the context against which the ensuing discussions/arguments can prevail. The resultant model provides a catalyst for further research and discussion.
A two‐stage procurement model for humanitarian relief supply chains
Authors: Falasca Mauro , Zobel Christopher W.
Published: October 2011

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discuss and to help address the need for quantitative models to support and improve procurement in the context of humanitarian relief efforts.

Design/methodology/approach

This research presents a two‐stage stochastic decision model with recourse for procurement in humanitarian relief supply chains, and compares its effectiveness on an illustrative example with respect to a standard solution approach.

Findings

Results show the ability of the new model to capture and model both the procurement process and the uncertainty inherent in a disaster relief situation, in support of more efficient and effective procurement plans.

Research limitations/implications

The research focus is on sudden onset disasters and it does not differentiate between local and international suppliers. A number of extensions of the base model could be implemented, however, so as to address the specific needs of a given organization and their procurement process.

Practical implications

Despite the prevalence of procurement expenditures in humanitarian efforts, procurement in humanitarian contexts is a topic that previously has only been discussed in a qualitative manner in the literature. This work provides practitioners with a new approach to quantitatively assess and improve their procurement decision processes.

Originality/value

This study adds to the existing literature by demonstrating the applicability and effectiveness of an analytic modeling technique based on uncertainty, such as stochastic programming with recourse, in the context of humanitarian relief procurement activities.