bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive dimensions of health research among indigenous Siberians
Authors: Snodgrass J. Josh , Sorensen Mark V. , Tarskaia Larissa A. , Leonard William R.
Published: February 2007

Present evidence suggests that modern humans were the first hominid species to successfully colonize high‐latitude environments (≥55°N). Given evidence for a recent (<200,000 years) lower latitude naissance of modern humans, the global dispersal and successful settlement of arctic and subarctic regions represent an unprecedented adaptive shift. This adaptive shift, which included cultural, behavioral, and biological dimensions, allowed human populations to cope with the myriad environmental stressors encountered in circumpolar regions. Although unique morphological and physiological adaptations among contemporary northern residents have been recognized for decades, human biologists are only now beginning to consider whether biological adaptations to regional environmental conditions influence health changes associated with economic modernization and lifestyle change. Recent studies have documented basal metabolic rates (BMRs) among indigenous Siberian populations that are systematically elevated compared to lower latitude groups; this metabolic elevation apparently is a physiological adaptation to cold stress experienced in the circumpolar environment. Important health implications of metabolic adaptation are suggested by research with the Yakut (Sakha), Evenki, and Buriat of Siberia. BMR is significantly positively correlated with blood pressure, independently of body size, body composition, and various potentially confounding variables (e.g., age and smoking). Further, this research has documented a significant negative association between BMR and LDL cholesterol, which remains after controlling for potential confounders; this suggests that high metabolic turnover among indigenous Siberians has a protective effect with regard to plasma lipid levels. These results underscore the importance of incorporating an evolutionary approach into health research among northern populations. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 19:165–180, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic structure of circumpolar populations: A synthesis
Authors: Crawford Michael H.
Published: February 2007

This article summarizes research conducted on the genetic structure of circumpolar populations of Alaska, Siberia, and the Aleutian Archipelago from 1977 to present. Three research programs are described: (1) 1977–1978, on the genetics of small, Yupik‐speaking communities of St. Lawrence Island (Savoonga and Gambell) compared with Inupk communities of King Island and Wales, Alaska. This research, based on 25 standard protein and blood markers, demonstrated genetic discontinuity between the populations of the two language groups, patterns of gene flow, and the co‐evolution of genes and languages in the Arctic. (2) 1989–1995, on the origins of Native American populations in Siberia. DNA was collected from two Evenki reindeer herding populations: Surinda and Poligus, a Ket community on the Stony Tunguska River, Sulamai, and a cattle‐herding village from Gorno Altai, Mendur‐Sokhon. Using an assortment of molecular markers, such as mitochondrial DNA, DNA fingerprints, and nonrecombining Y‐chromosome markers, this research demonstrated the close genetic affinities among the Siberian and the Native American indigenous groups. (3) 1999 to present, on the origins of populations of the Aleutian Islands and their underlying genetic structure. A total of 11 inhabited islands from the Aleutian Archipelago were sampled and based on mtDNA sequences was shown to cluster tightly with Siberian Eskimo and Chukchi populations. Evidence of genetic drift through founder effect was demonstrated on Bering Island, where the D2 haplotype was fixed. Genetic discontinuity based on mtDNA was shown through SAMOVA between Kamchatkan and Aleut populations. An intimate relationship between geography and genetics through Mantel tests was observed for both Siberia (r = 0.55 P > 0.001) and the Aleutian Islands (r = 0.72 P > 0.000). The genetic structure of the populations of the Aleutian Archipelago most closely approximates the isolation‐by‐distance model. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 19:203–217, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Increasing knowledge of PTEN germline mutations: Two additional patients with autism and macrocephaly
Authors: Herman Gail E. , Butter Eric , Enrile Benedicta , Pastore Matthew , Prior Thomas W. , Sommer Annemarie
Published: February 2007

Recently, Butler et al. [2005; J Med Genet 42:318–321] reported the presence of heterozygous germline mutations in the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in three children with autism and macrocephaly. Here, we report the presence of PTEN mutations in two additional unrelated children with macrocephaly and autism. Our findings extend those of Butler et al. and suggest that PTEN gene sequencing should be included in the genetic evaluation of this subset of autistic individuals. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Entwicklung einer Toolbox zur zwei‐ und dreidimensionalen instationären thermischen Bauteilsimulation mit KARDOS
Authors: Erdmann Bodo , Ljubijankić Manuel , Nytsch‐Geusen Christoph
Published: February 2007

Zwei‐ und dreidimensionale dynamische thermische Bauteilsimulationen unter Berücksichtigung instationärer klimatischer Randbedingungen können das reale Bauteilverhalten in guter Näherung abbilden. Bisherige Werkzeuge zur mehrdimensionalen thermischen Bauteilsimulation weisen häufig Einschränkungen in den abzubildenden Bauteilgeometrien und ‐topologien auf oder können bzgl. zusätzlicher physikalischer Effekte (z. B. hygrothermisches Bauteilverhalten) nicht erweitert werden. Aus diesem Grund wurde auf Grundlage des allgemeinen FEM‐Werkzeugs KARDOS, mit welchem Multiphysics‐Probleme modelliert werden können, eine Toolbox zur thermischen Bauteilsimulation erstellt. Diese erlaubt die Eingabe nahezu beliebiger zwei‐ und dreidimensionaler Bauteilgeometrien in ein objektorientiertes Bauteilmodell. Ausgehend von diesem Bauteilmodell wird über einen Präprozessor die Vernetzung des Berechnungsgebiets für die FEM‐Simulation mit KARDOS automatisch durchgeführt. An Hand einiger Fallbeispiele wird die KARDOS‐basierte Toolbox zur Bauteilsimulation demonstriert.
Placental growth patterns affect birth weight for given placental weight
Authors: Salafia Carolyn M. , Zhang Jun , Miller Richard K. , Charles Adrian K. , Shrout Patrick , Sun Wenyu
Published: February 2007

BACKGROUND:

An important contributor to fetal growth is growth of the placenta, the fetus' sole source of nutrients and oxygen. Here we use placental growth measures (larger and smaller disk diameters, reflecting the laterally expanding chorionic plate, and disk thickness) to test the hypothesis that placental growth patterns, while associated with placental weight and birth weight, measure placental functional efficiency, and will have independent effects on the feto‐placental weight ratio (FPR).

METHODS:

Placental measures were available from 23,313 participants in the Collaborative Perinatal Project delivered between 34 and 43 completed weeks. Continuous variables were analyzed by regression for associations with placental weight, birth weight, and FPR, to further explore effects of placental growth patterns on the FPR (lateral chorionic plate growth and chorionic disk thickness were grouped as low, normal, and high values). The relationships of the nine resultant combinations of placental growth categories to the FPR using birth weight adjusted for gestational age, infant gender, parity, and African American race were analyzed (ANOVA).

RESULTS:

As chorionic disk area and thickness increased, birth weight and placental weight increased, and the FPR decreased (each p < .0001) after adjustment for gestational age, parity, race, and infant gender. Small, thin placental disks had an adjusted FPR of 8.46; the largest, thickest placentas had an adjusted FPR of 6.33. The nine categories of FPRs were significantly different, consistent with chorionic plate area and disk thickness combining to determine the FPR.

CONCLUSIONS:

Patterns of placental growth, relating to different functional dimensions of the placenta, deliver a different birth weight for a given placental weight. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bioluminescent signal system: bioluminescence immunoassay of pathogenic organisms
Authors: Frank L. , Markova S. , Remmel N. , Vysotski E. , Gitelson I.
Published: February 2007

The Ca2+‐regulated photoprotein obelin has been examined as a label for bioluminescence immunoassay of infective agents. The hepatitis B virus (HbsAg) and the bacteria Escherichia coli and Shigella sonnei lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were chosen as model antigens. Chemically synthesized obelin‐corresponding antibody conjugates were used in a solid‐phase microplate immunoassay. The sensitivities achieved by the assay were 0.25 ng/mL for S. sonnei LPS and 0.375 ng/mL for HbsAg. A novel, filter‐based immunoassay to determine bacterial admixtures in the environment was proposed. The NanoCeram filters were effectively applied to ‘trap’ and pre‐concentrate pathogens from samples under study for the purposes of further detection and measurement of the absorbed material by bioluminescence immunoassay. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bovine fetal microchimerism in normal and embryo transfer pregnancies and its implications for biotechnology applications in cattle
Authors: Turin Lauretta , Invernizzi Pietro , Woodcock Marion , Grati Francesca R. , Riva Federica , Tribbioli Giulia , Laible Götz
Published: February 2007

Fetal cells and DNA have been detected in the maternal circulation during and after pregnancy in a few mammalian species. The incidence of similar microchimerism in cattle could have repercussion for the application of modern biotechnologies such as the transfer of transgenic embryos. To determine if feto‐maternal leakage can occur in pregnant cows, we have analyzed maternal blood samples for the presence of fetal DNA during gestation and post‐partum periods. Y chromosome‐specific DNA was detected in up to 73% of blood samples from naturally mated heifers carrying conventional bull calves and a transgene‐specific sequence in up to 50% of recipient cows carrying transgenic fetuses. These findings document for the first time that transplacental leakage of fetal DNA into the maternal circulation can occur in cattle despite the epitheliochorial placenta of ruminants, with potential implications for the utilization of recipient cows in the food chain.
An artificial liver sinusoid with a microfluidic endothelial‐like barrier for primary hepatocyte culture
Authors: Lee Philip J. , Hung Paul J. , Lee Luke P.
Published: February 2007

Primary hepatocytes represent a physiologically relevant model for drug toxicity screening. Here, we created a biologically inspired artificial liver sinusoid with a microfluidic endothelial‐like barrier having mass transport properties similar to the liver acinus. This unit consisted of a cord of hepatocytes (50 × 30 × 500 µm) fed by diffusion of nutrients across the microfluidic endothelial‐like barrier from a convective transport vessel (10 nL/min). This configuration sustained rat and human hepatocytes for 7 days without an extracellular matrix (ECM) coating. Experiments with the metabolism mediated liver toxicant diclofenac showed no hepatotoxicity after 4 h and an IC50of 334 ± 41 µM after 24 h. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007; 97: 1340–1346. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Drug–polymer microparticles produced by supercritical assisted atomization
Authors: Reverchon Ernesto , Antonacci Alessandra
Published: February 2007

The supercritical assisted atomization (SAA) was proposed as a new technique to produce composite microparticles for drug controlled release. Ampicillin trihydrate and chitosan were selected as model drug and carrier, respectively, and 1% v/v acetic acid aqueous solution was used as solvent. The effect of the polymer/drug ratio on particle morphology and drug release rate was evaluated. SEM analysis indicated that non‐coalescing spherical microparticles formed by chitosan/ampicillin were produced by SAA. All coprecipitates produced have a sharp particle distribution, with diameters ranging between about 0.1 and 6 µm. SAA composite microparticles were characterized by X‐ray, DSC, EDX and UV‐vis analysis. A solid solution of the chitosan and ampicillin was produced and a stabilizing effect of the polymer on the drug has resulted that protects ampicillin from thermal degradation. A prolonged release from SAA coprecipitates with respect to raw drug and physical mixtures of chitosan and ampicillin was obtained; moreover, the polymer/drug ratio has revealed to be a controlling parameter for drug release. Drug release mechanisms characteristic of swelling‐controlled systems were observed, with ampicillin release depending on both relaxation and diffusive mechanisms. An empirical binomial equation was used to describe experimental data, showing a fair good agreement with ampicillin release data if both the relaxational and the diffusional parameters are function of the polymer/drug ratio. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007; 97: 1626–1637. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Optical Thermometer Based on the Delayed Fluorescence of C70
Authors: Baleizão Carlos , Nagl Stefan , Borisov Sergey M. , Schäferling Michael , Wolfbeis Otto S. , Berberan‐Santos Mário N.
Published: February 2007

A sensitive and broad‐ranged optical thermometer, based on the thermally activated delayed fluorescence of fullerene C70, is presented. It consists of C70 molecularly dispersed in a polymer film. Several polymer matrices were investigated. In the absence of oxygen the fluorescence intensity increases markedly with temperature. At 25 °C the fluorescence intensity of C70 increases maximally by a factor of between 17 and 22, depending on the polymer, whereas at 100 °C the fluorescence intensity can be 79 times higher. In the absence of oxygen and for temperatures above 20 °C, the red fluorescence of C70 in the films is so intense that it is easily perceived by the naked eye. For the systems studied, the fluorescence intensity is very sensitive to temperature. This results in a working range from −80 to at least 140 °C in the case of C70 in poly(tert‐butyl methacrylate) (PtBMA). Perylene was incorporated into the film as an internal reference in order to enable ratiometric measurements. The sensitivity of the lifetime of the delayed fluorescence to temperature is also high and results in an even wider working range. The performance of the C70/PtBMA film was measured against a well‐known optical temperature probe, [Ru(phen)3] (phen=phenanthroline). The results show that the C70/PtBMA film is a very good system for optical temperature‐sensing over a wide range of temperatures, outperforming known standards.
Demonstration of Promoted Zinc Schlenk Equilibria, their Equilibrium Values and Derived Reactivity
Authors: Blake Alexander J. , Shannon Jonathan , Stephens John C. , Woodward Simon
Published: February 2007

The presence of promoted Schlenk equilibria for organozinc halide species has been explicitly demonstrated by13C NMR studies. Thus, addition of methylaluminoxane (MeAlO)n, MAO, to RZnX (R=Et, Bn, ArCH2, (CH2)3CO2Et; X=Cl, Br) leads to the formation of ZnR2and ZnX2⋅MAO. For EtZnCl, equilibration of ZnEt2and ZnX2⋅MAO is rapid at −35 °C; aKvalue of 0.19 M−1indicates the equilibrium favours ZnEt2(0.75–3.0 equiv MAO). Use of RZnX/MAO mixtures allows copper‐catalysed 1,4‐addition to 2‐cyclohexenone to be achieved, but a competing cascade reaction (two subsequent Michael additions and an intramolecular aldol reaction) leads to novel tetracyclic by‐products (characterised crystallographically in one case). Activation of EtZnCl is also achieved by ZnMe2addition and the presence of intermediate EtZnMe was observed by13C NMR spectroscopy (at equilibrium,K≈1). Asymmetric conjugate addition in this system can be realised (up to 92 % eefor additions to 2‐cyclohexenone).
Two Metal‐Rich Phosphides — The Crystal Structures of Mg8Ir23P8 and Mg13Pt26P10.
Authors: Loehken Anke , Imre Anette , Mewis Albrecht
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Versatile Scheme for Preparing Single‐Phase Yttrium Oxysulfate Phosphor.
Authors: Shoji Masahiko , Sakurai Kenji
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An ortho‐Silicate‐hydroxide: Rb5[SiO4][OH].
Authors: Kerp Oliver , Moeller Angela
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
In situ X‐Ray Powder Diffraction, Synthesis, and Magnetic Properties of InVO3.
Authors: Lundgren Rylan J. , Cranswick Lachlan M. D. , Bieringer Mario
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structure Determination of the New Vanadium Molybdenum Mixed Oxide V1.1Mo0.9O5 from Synchrotron X‐Ray Powder Diffraction Data.
Authors: Duc F. , Gonthier S. , Brunelli M. , Trombe J. C.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Enantioselective Transfer Hydrogenation of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones.
Authors: Martin Nolwenn J. A. , List Benjamin
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ring Size and Substituent Effects in Oxyanion‐Promoted Cyclizations of Enyne‐allenes: Observation of a Myers—Saito Cycloaromatization at Cryogenic Temperature.
Authors: Waddell Michelle K. , Bekele Tefsit , Lipton Mark A.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Regio‐ and Chemoselective Ring Opening of Oxa‐Bridged Piperidinones Toward Functionalized Furanones and Piperidines.
Authors: Muthusamy Sengodagounder , Krishnamurthi Janagiraman , Suresh Eringathodi
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrophobic Amplification of Noncovalent Organocatalysis.
Authors: Kleiner Christian M. , Schreiner Peter R.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
CeCl3×7H2O—NaI/SiO2 Promoted Beckmann Rearrangement (under Solvent‐Free and Microwave Irradiation).
Authors: Li Zheng , Lu Zhong , Ding Runbo , Yang Jingya
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Direct Coupling Reaction Between Alcohols and Silyl Compounds: Enhancement of Lewis Acidity of Me3SiBr Using InCl3.
Authors: Saito Takahiro , Nishimoto Yoshihiro , Yasuda Makoto , Baba Akio
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Advanced Fine‐Tuning of Grubbs/Hoveyda Olefin Metathesis Catalysts: A Further Step Toward an Optimum Balance Between Antinomic Properties.
Authors: Bieniek Michal , Bujok Robert , Cabaj Maciej , Lugan Noel , Lavigne Guy , Arlt Dieter , Grela Karol
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Heteropolyacid Encapsulated into Mesoporous Silica Framework for an Efficient Preparation of 1,1‐Diacetates from Aldehydes under a Solvent‐Free Condition.
Authors: Wang Jianmin , Yan Liang , Qian Guang , Yang Keli , Liu Haitao , Wang Xiaolai
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Facile and Catalytic Method for Selective Deprotection of tert‐Butyldimethylsilyl Ethers with Copper(II) Bromide.
Authors: Bhatt Suchitra , Nayak Sandip K.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Self‐Assembly of Tripodal Squaraines: Cation‐Assisted Expression of Molecular Chirality and Change from Spherical to Helical Morphology.
Authors: Ajayaghosh Ayyappanpillai , Chithra Parayalil , Varghese Reji
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Aerobic Allylic Oxidative Carbocyclization of Allene‐Substituted Olefins: Immobilization of an Oxygen‐Activating Catalyst.
Authors: Piera Julio , Naerhi Katja , Baeckvall Jan‐E.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Copper(II)‐Catalyzed O‐Phenylation of Alcohols with Organobismuth(V) Reagents: A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of Simple tert‐Alkyl Phenyl Ethers.
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Sakurai Naoto , Ikegai Kazuhiro
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Simple Synthesis of α‐Methyl‐γ‐keto Acids.
Authors: Pawar B. V. , Waghmare B. Y. , Lokhande P. D.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Environmentally Friendly One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Alkylated Nitriles Using Hydrotalcite‐Supported Metal Species as Multifunctional Solid Catalysts.
Authors: Motokura Ken , Fujita Noriaki , Mori Kohsuke , Mizugaki Tomoo , Ebitani Kohki , Jitsukawa Koichiro , Kaneda Kiyotomi
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Solvent‐Free Facile Synthesis of Novel α‐Tosyloxy β‐Keto Sulfones Using [Hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene.
Authors: Kumar Dalip , Sundaree M. Swapna , Patel Gautam , Rao V. S. , Varma Rajender S.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave‐Promoted Synthesis of Polyhydroxydeoxybenzoins in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Hakala Ullastiina , Waehaelae Kristiina
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
PCC/SiO2—H2SO4: A Convenient System for in situ Oxidative β‐Acetamidoketone Formation from Aromatic Alcohols and Silyl Ethers.
Authors: Khodaei Mohammad Mehdi , Khosropour Ahmad Reza , Fattahpour Pyman
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of γ‐Hydroxy α,β‐Epoxyesters and Their Conversion into β‐Hydroxy α‐Sulfenyl γ‐Butyrolactones.
Authors: Rodriguez Santiago , Kneeteman Maria , Izquierdo Javier , Lopez Irakusne , Gonzalez Florenci V. , Peris Gabriel
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 3‐Alkyl‐5‐arylamino‐6,11‐dihydro‐3H‐anthra[1,2‐d] [1,2,3]triazole‐6,11‐dione 2‐Oxides by Nitrosation of 3‐Alkylamino‐5‐arylamino‐6H‐anthra[1,9‐cd]isoxazol‐6‐ones.
Authors: Gornostaev L. M. , Dolgushina L. V. , Titova N. G. , Arnol'd E. V. , Lavrikova T. I.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thermally Induced Rearrangement of the Arylhydrazones of Furoxan‐3‐yl Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Molotov Sergey I. , Epishina Margarita A. , Kulikov Alexander S. , Nelyubina Yulia V. , Lyssenko Konstantin A. , Suponitsky Kirill Yu. , Makhova Nina N.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Cascade Wacker—Heck Reaction: Chemoselective Coupling of Two Electron‐Deficient Reactants.
Authors: Silva Franck , Reiter Maud , Mills‐Webb Rebecca , Sawicki Marcin , Klaer Daniel , Bensel Nicolas , Wagner Alain , Gouverneur Veronique
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unique Tandem Heck‐Lactamization Naphthyridinone Ring Formation Between Acrylanilides and Halogenated Pyridines.
Authors: Cvetovich Raymond J. , Reamer Robert A. , DiMichele Lisa , Chung John Y. L. , Chilenski Jennifer R.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
α,γ‐Diamino Acids: Asymmetric Synthesis of New Constrained 6‐Amino‐3‐azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane‐6‐carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Caputo Francesco , Cattaneo Cristian , Clerici Francesca , Gelmi Maria Luisa , Pellegrino Sara
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
4′,4′′(5′′)‐Dibenzo‐18‐crown‐6‐diaryl‐acetohydroxamic Acids
Authors: Grebenyuk A. D. , Tashmukhamedova A. K.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Denitrocyclization in the Synthesis of Dibenzothiazepinones.
Authors: Smirnov Alexey V. , Kalandadze Levan S. , Sakharov Vladimir N. , Dorogov Milhail V.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Controlled Introduction of Allylic Group to Chlorosilanes.
Authors: Li Zhifang , Cao Xiaojun , Lai Guoqiao , Liu Jinhua , Ni Yong , Wu Jirong , Qiu Huayu
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Cyanohydrin Trimethylsilyl Ethers of Diacylferrocenes.
Authors: Bian Zhan‐Xi , Wang Yan‐Xue , Zhao Hai‐Ying
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Guaianolides from Salvia nubicola (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Ali Muhammad Shaiq , Ahmed Waqar , Armstrong Andrea Florence , Ibrahim Syed Amir , Ahmed Shakeel , Parvez Masood
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
2‐Amino‐7‐chloro‐2′‐deoxytubercidin
Authors: Seela Frank , Peng Xiaohua , Eickmeier Henning , Reuter Hans
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Total Synthesis of (+)‐Migrastatin (I).
Authors: Reymond Sebastien , Cossy Janine
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of New Muricatacin and Goniofufurone Analogues.
Authors: Popsavin Velimir , Sreco Bojana , Krstic Ivana , Popsavin Mirjana , Kojic Vesna , Bogdanovic Gordana
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Lignans from the Roots and Rhizomes of Clematis manshurica.
Authors: Shi She‐Po , Jiang Dan , Dong Cai‐Xia , Tu Peng‐Fei
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Statistical Modeling of a Ligand Knowledge Base.
Authors: Mansson Ralph A. , Welsh Alan H. , Fey Natalie , Orpen A. Guy
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Prediction of pH‐Dependent Aqueous Solubility of Druglike Molecules.
Authors: Hansen Niclas Tue , Kouskoumvekaki Irene , Joergensen Flemming Steen , Brunak Soeren , Jonsdottir Svava Osk
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
In situ Microstructure Control of Oriented Layered Double Hydroxide Monolayer Films with Curved Hexagonal Crystals as Superhydrophobic Materials.
Authors: Chen Hongyun , Zhang Fazhi , Fu Shanshan , Duan Xue
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Traditional and Modern Approaches to the Synthesis of Quinoline Systems by the Skraup and Doebner—Miller Methods
Authors: Yamashkin S. A. , Oreshkina E. A.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Aryl C‐Glycosides via the Heck Coupling Reaction
Authors: Wellington Kevin W. , Benner Steven A.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Allylsodium Compounds
Authors: Mordini Alessandro , Valacchi M.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Bis(organosulfanyl)‐ and Bis(organoselanyl)methyllithium Compounds
Authors: Najera Domingo Carmen , Yus Astiz Miguel
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Alkyllithium and Cycloalkyllithium Compounds
Authors: Brandsma Lambert , Zwikker Jan W.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
β‐Lithio Aldehydes, β‐Lithio Ketones, and Related Compounds
Authors: Caine Drury
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Organic Molecule Adsorption on Solid Surfaces: Chemical Bonding, Mutual Polarization and Dispersion Interaction
Authors: Schmidt W. G. , Seino K. , Preuss M. , Hermann A. , Ortmann F. , Bechstedt F.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Radical‐Radical Reaction Dynamics: A Combined Crossed‐Beam and Theoretical Study
Authors: Choi Jong‐Ho
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Catalysis: Experimental and Computational
Authors: Willock David J.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Thermal, Electrical and Catalytic Studies of Some Transition Metal Polychelates of Bis‐bidentate Schiff Base
Authors: Bansod Ashish , Aswar Anand
Published: February 2007

Polychelates of Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) with the bis salen‐type ligand derived from 4,4′‐bis[(salicylaldehyde‐5)azo]biphenyl and 1,4‐diaminobutane have been synthesized. All the polychelates have been characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR, electronic spectra and thermogravimetric studies. All the complexes isolated in solid state are dark coloured and insoluble in water and common organic solvents. The ligand behaves as a bis‐bidentate molecule coordinating through the phenolic oxygen and azomethine nitrogen atoms. The thermal decomposition of these metal complexes was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and data have been analyzed for kinetic parameters using Broido equation. The solid‐state electrical conductivity of the ligand and its polychelates in the form of compressed pellet was studied in the temperature range from 313 to 413 K. All the polychelates were found to show semiconducting nature. The Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) polychelates have been assessed for the catalytic epoxidation of styrene.
Tris(2,2′‐bipyridyl) Ruthenium(II) Doped Silica Film Modified Indium Tin Oxide Electrode and Its Electrochemiluminescent Properties
Authors: Wei Hui , Du Yan , Kang Jian‐Zhen , Xu Guo‐Bao , Wang Er‐Kang
Published: February 2007

An approach was reported to synthesize silica hybridized ruthenium bipyridyl complex through amidation reaction by covalent attachment of bis(bipyridyl)‐4,4′‐dicarboxy‐2,2′‐bipyridyl‐ruthenium to (3‐aminopropyl)‐triethoxy‐ silane. The hybrid complex then was gelatinized through acid catalytic hydrolysis method and a sol‐gel modified indium tin oxide electrode was prepared via spin coating technique. As prepared indium tin oxide electrode possesses good stability therein with excellent electrochemiluminescence behavior.
Effects of Ti and Zr Substituted on the Electrochemical Characteristics of MgNi‐Based Alloy Electrodes
Authors: Feng Yan , Jiao Li‐Fang , Yuan Hua‐Tang , Zhao Ming
Published: February 2007

Mg‐based hydrogen storage alloys MgNi, Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni, and Mg0.9Ti0.06Zr0.04Ni were successfully prepared by means of mechanical alloying (MA). The structure and the electrochemical characteristics of these Mg‐based materials were studied. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) result shows that the main phases of the alloys exhibit amorphous structure. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photograph shows that the particle size of Ti and Zr substituted alloys was about 2–4 µm in diameter. The cycle lives of the alloys were prolonged by adding Ti and Zr. After 50 charge‐discharge cycles, the discharge capacity of Mg0.9Ti0.06Zr0.04Ni was 91.74% higher than that of MgNi alloy and 37.96% higher than that of Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni alloy. The main reason for the electrode capacity decay is the formation of Mg(OH)2 (product of Mg corrosion) at the surface of alloy. The potentiodynamic polarization result indicates that Ti and Zr doping improves the anticorrosion in an alkaline solution. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results suggest that proper amount of Ti and Zr doping improves the electrochemical catalytic activity significantly.
Studies on Interaction between Gatifloxacin and Bovine Serum Albumin by Spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Hui , Ye Yan , Zeng Zheng‐Zhi
Published: February 2007

The interaction of gatifloxacin (HGA) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) at 15 and 37 °C has been investigated by fluorescence quenching spectroscopy in aqueous solution. The bimolecular quenching rate constant was determined by Stern‐Volmer curves and the values were Kq=9.28×1012 L·mol−1·s−1 (15 °C) and Kq=8.51×1012 L·mol−1·s−1 (37 °C). The results showed that the fluorescence quenching mechanism of BSA by HGA was a static quenching procedure. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that electrostatic forces played major role in the interaction of BSA with HGA. Studies on the relationship between the concentration of HGA and the fluorescence intensity of BSA >showed that BSA and HGA bound at the molar ratio 1:1 and the equilibrium constant K0 was 6.80×104 L·mol−1. The binding distances between BSA and HGA and the energy transfer efficiency were obtained based on the FÖrster's theory.
Study of the Electroless Silver Seed Formation on Silicon Surface
Authors: Tong Hao , Wang Chun‐Ming , Ye Wei‐Chun , Chang Yan‐Long , Li Hu‐Lin
Published: February 2007

The silver seed on silicon was prepared through aqueous HF and AgNO3 solution at room temperature. In order to explore the formation process of silver seed on silicon, the methods of open circuit potential with time (OCP‐t), anodic stripping sweep voltammetry (ASV) and scanning tunneling microscope (STM) were used in this work. The procedure of silver nucleus growing into large particles was explained by electro‐negativity. The growth mechanism of silver seed on silicon has been presented: at first, the silver monolayer and multilayer firstly grows onto silicon without fully covering the surface at the expense of silicon etching due to the silver seed attracting the electron from silicon, after that, the monolayer coalesces together, forming continuous grain film with some silver atoms diffusing into the silicon and the multilayer still grows thick simultaneously.
Synthesis and Evaluation of PDE5 Inhibitory Activity of Novel Pyrido[2′,1′:5,1]pyrazolo[4,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐one Derivatives
Authors: Tian Guang‐Hui , Xia Guang‐Xin , Jin Wei‐Xi , Chen Xin‐Jian , Lai Shun‐An , Wei Ya‐Bing , Ji Ru‐Yun , Shen Jing‐Shan
Published: February 2007

Novel pyridopyrazolopyrimidinone derivatives were designed and synthesized as potential PDE5 inhibitors. The target compounds demonstrated significant inhibitory activity against human platelet PDE5, but less potent than sildenafil.
Structure–Activity Study on the Spatial Arrangement of the Third Aromatic Ring of Endomorphins 1 and 2 Using an Atypical Constrained C Terminus
Authors: Yu Ye , Shao Xuan , Cui Yun , Liu Hong‐mei , Wang Chang‐ling , Fan Ying‐zhe , Liu Jing , Dong Shou‐liang , Cui Yu‐xing , Wang Rui
Published: February 2007

The discovery of endomorphins (EMs) has opened the possibility of searching for new analgesics. However, the design of peptide analgesics has proven to be very difficult as a result of their conformational flexibility and a lack of clarity in structure–activity relationships (SAR). In EMs, the amino acid side chains exhibit considerable conformational flexibility, especially in the third aromatic ring, which is free to adopt a bioactive conformation. To resolve these problems, a series of C terminus EM analogues, [Xaa4‐R]EMs, modified through the substitution of Phe4with nonaromatic residues and termination with benzyl groups, were designed to generate conformational constrains of the third aromatic ring by amide bond and torsion angles (ϕ4andψ4) of Xaa4. Introduction of (S)‐α‐methyl or (S)/(R)‐α‐carboxamide on the methylene unit of the benzyl group was designed to produce an atypical topographical constraint (ϕ5) of the third aromatic ring rotation. Interestingly, some EM derivatives, with elimination of the C‐terminal carboxamide group and significant changes in the address sequence (Phe4‐NH2), still exhibited higher μ‐opioid receptor (MOR) affinity than unmodified EMs. In contrast, some analogues with incorrectly constrained C termini displayed very low affinity and pharmacological activities. Thus, our results indicate that these EM analogues, with atypical constrained C termini, provide model compounds with potent MOR agonism. They also give evidence that the proper spatial orientation and conformational restriction of the third aromatic ring are crucial for the interaction of EMs with MOR.
Toward designing asymmetric head gradient coils for high‐resolution imaging
Authors: Vegh Viktor , Sanchez Hector , Brereton Ian M. , Crozier Stuart
Published: February 2007

The aim of the research described here is to design head gradient coils using approaches previously developed by the authors. The wave equation method for designing gradient coils is used to design a transverse gradient coil winding on a cylindrical/spherical former. The results are compared with asymmetric cylindrical designs and other well‐known head gradient coil designs to establish the quality of the gradient coil winding. Comparisons of field, inductance, torque, and other quality factors are made before conclusions are drawn about the adequacy of such a winding pattern to perform high‐resolution imaging of the head. We show that it is possible to generate a robust winding pattern that has good efficiency and produces a sufficiently large imaging volume. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 31B: 1–11, 2007
Assessing the impact of pollution on the Japaratuba river in Brazil using the Drosophila wing spot test
Authors: Moraes Pantaleão Silmara de , Alcântara Ayda Vera , Hora Alves José do Patrocínio , Pavanin Luiz Alfredo , Graf Ulrich , de Rezende Alexandre Azenha Alves , Bueno Valadares Bruno Lassmar , José Fragiorge Edson , de Souza Neila Coelho , Rosa Guterres Zaira da , Spanó Mário Antoônio
Published: February 2007

The Drosophila melanogaster somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) was used to assess the genotoxicity of surface (S) and bottom (B) water and sediment samples collected from Sites 1 and 2 on the Japaratuba River (Sergipe, Brazil), an area impacted by a petrochemical industrial complex that indirectly discharges treated effluent (produced water) into the river. The genotoxicity tests were performed in standard (ST) cross and high bioactivation (HB) cross flies and were conducted on samples taken in March (dry season) and in July (rainy season) of 2003. Mutant spot frequencies found in treatments with unprocessed water and sediment samples from the test sites were compared with the frequencies observed for similar samples taken from a clean reference site (the Jacarecica River in Sergipe, Brazil) and those of negative (ultrapure water) controls. While samples from the Japaratuba River generally produced greater responses than those from the Jacarecica River, positive responses were detected for both the test and reference site samples. All the water samples collected in March 2003 were genotoxic. In July 2003, the positive responses were restricted to water samples collected from Sites 1 B and 2 S in the ST cross. The genotoxicity of the water samples was due to mitotic recombination, and the samples produced similar genotoxic responses in ST and HB flies. The spot frequencies found in the July water samples were considerably lower than those for the March water samples, suggesting a seasonal effect. The only sediment samples that were genotoxic were from Site 1 (March and July) and from the Jacarecica River (March). The genotoxins in these samples produced both somatic mutation (limited to the Site 1 sample in HB flies) and recombination. The results of this study indicate that samples from both the Japaratuba and Jacarecica Rivers were genotoxic, with the most consistently positive responses detected with Site 1 samples, the site closest to the putative pollution source. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 48:, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of ultrafine crystalline SiO2 particulate in cultured human lymphoblastoid cells
Authors: Wang Jing J. , Sanderson Barbara J.S. , Wang He
Published: February 2007

Respirable crystalline silica has been classified as a human lung carcinogen. Ultrafine (diameter < 100 nm) silica particles may be important in carcinogenesis, although the mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, WIL2‐NS cells were incubated for 6, 24, and 48 hr with 0, 30, 60, and 120 μg/ml ultrafine crystalline SiO2 (UF‐SiO2). The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects caused by UF‐SiO2 in cultured human cells were investigated via a set of bioassays. Significant dose‐ dependent decreases in percent cell viability were seen with increasing dose of UF‐SiO2 in the methyl tetrazolium assay. Significant decreases were seen at 120 μg/ml (58, 38, and 57% for 6, 24, and 48‐hr exposure, respectively). During 4 days growth in the flasks, there was a slight recovery observed after washing off UF‐SiO2 as measured by the population growth assay. Significant dose‐dependent reduction in the cytokinesis block proliferation index was observed by the cytokinesis block micronucleus assay. Treatment with 120 μg/ml UF‐SiO2 for 24 hr produced a fourfold increase in the frequency of micronucleated binucleated cells (MNBNC). The increase in MNBNC was dose‐dependent. The lowest dose that gave a statistically significant increase in MNBNC was 30 μg/ml (24‐hr treatment), which had cytotoxicity of less than 10%. There was no significant difference in DNA strand breakage as measured by the Comet assay. A significant increase in induced mutant frequency was found at 120 μg/ml as detected by the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase mutation assay. The results indicate that UF‐SiO2 is cytotoxic and genotoxic in cultured human cells. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.