bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CREATING AN INTERNAL SOURCE OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE ORGANIZATION ON THE BASIS OF TALENT MANAGEMENT
Authors: Gorbunova A. Yu. , Gorbunov Yu. V. , Mezhova L. N.
Published: August 2021

In the face of intensifying external changes, organizations, looking for sustainable sources of economic growth, increasingly pay attention to internal factors. Among these internal (endogenous) factors, the presence of highly intelligent, talented workers is becoming increasingly important, taking into account the transition of the economy to the post-industrial stage of development. Formation of a team of such employees and their effective management requires the presence of special methods and approaches. In management, as a response to this request, a separate method of personnel management and employee development has developed — talent management. The purpose of the study is to study the features and prospects of the talent management method to ensure the economic growth of an organization based on internal sources in the context of the post-industrial stage of economic development. The result of the research is to study the process of implementing the talent management method in an organization. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the study of the possibilities of fragmentary use of this method, taking into account the limited resources and capabilities of the organization. The conclusion is made about the positive results of the limited use of the talent management method for individual subsystems of the organization, which shows the availability of this method for use in a shortened, truncated version for Russian organizations experiencing a shortage of resources.
ESCALATION OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION AS A REALITY AND A NECESSITY FOR IMPROVING THE STRUCTURE OF THE DOMESTIC ECONOMY
Authors: Mishchenko V. V. , Mishchenko I. K.
Published: August 2021

The article highlights the importance of a balanced structure of the economy in terms of the ratio of the production of goods and the provision of services; the history of specialization of the Russian Federation as a state and territorial entity, the key features of its structure are considered. Modern aspects of import substitution in Russia are described. A comment is made on the program “Import Substitution 2.0”, which is based on quotas for public procurement from Russian suppliers. Some problems and negative aspects of the state of implementation of the import substitution program in the Russian Federation are reflected. It is concluded that the measures for the development of import substitution were largely unsystematic, were of a fragmented nature, and in some cases even contradicted each other. Their implementation failed to optimize the structure of the economy. A set of measures to escalate import substitution is proposed, including the priority development of specific types of goods with a certain share of sales abroad and the coverage of import substitution in the sphere of services.
ALTAI TERRITORY: CONSEQUENCES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND DIRECTIONS FOR THEIR LEVELING
Authors: Trotskovskiy A. Ya. , Sabyna E. N.
Published: August 2021

The coronavirus pandemic has an impact not only on the morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases, but also on an increase in unemployment and drop in income, as well as on all areas of life as result of self-isolation and quarantine measures.

Many analytical materials provide an analysis of the state of the economic sphere in our country, but, at the same time, there are very few publications that would relate to the socio-economic situation of the regional economy. The pandemic has impacted all organizations directly or indirectly, but tourism, hospitality, pharmaceuticals, passenger transportation, catering, sports and culture are particularly affected.

The current situation demanded from the state authorities and local self-government significant organizational and financial resources associated with both minimizing losses in the economy: supporting small and mediumsized businesses, the population, and organizing the work of medical institutions experiencing an increased load in terms of reprofiling beds, equipping hospitals with additional equipment, consumables. The authors analyzed the main measures taken by both federal and regional authorities to maintain entrepreneurial activity and the population in the current situation in the Altai Territory. The article provides recommendations aimed at minimizing the consequences of COVID-19.
INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STRATEGIC PROGRAMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MUNICIPAL FORMATION
Authors: Chirkova O. A.
Published: August 2021

The article considers the role and features of the organization of the information support system in the implementation of strategic programs for the development of the municipality. The main purpose of the information support system in the implementation of strategic programs for the development of the municipality is determined. The basic requirements for information that is used in the process of implementing programs of a strategic nature for the development of a municipality are proposed. The classification of information on the implementation of such programs into external and internal, which in turn are divided into subgroups, is proposed. The author’s definition of the concept «information support for the implementation of strategic programs for the development of the municipality «is also proposed. The author came to the conclusion that a properly organized system of information provision should be given the opportunity to assess the prospects of implementation of programs of strategic character development of the municipality, to make a forecast, to control the execution of these programs allow to analyze the pace of implementation of these programmers, to develop measures to improve the implementation of strategic development programs of the municipality.
The Institution of Khan's Power of Kazakh Tribes in the Assessments of Russian Scientists and Officials (18th — Early 19th Centuries)
Authors: Gundova O.E.
Published: August 2021

On the basis of published scientific works and office-work documents, the issues of coverage of the khan power in Kazakh society by Russian scientists and officials of the 18th — early 19th centuries are considered. The relevance of the work is due to the poor study of assessments of this institution by contemporaries in the process of its gradual transformation by the imperial authorities. The need to collect information about the political institutions of Kazakh society was due to the need to integrate the Kazakh zhuzs into the general imperial space. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the assessment by Russian by the Russian authorities and the scientific community of the khan's power included three main components. The first is the election of the khans, which was viewed by observers as an integral element of the institution of the khan's power and legitimized the khan's power in society. The second is the direct dependence of the amount of power of the khan on his personal authority among his subjects, without which the ruler did not enjoy support in society. The third is the perception of the khan's power as a weak and limited to the clan nobility. In the 18th and early 19th centuries the assessments of the institution under consideration by Russian researchers did not always correspond to reality; the collected information was utilitarian and discrete.
Kulak Exile on the Territory of the Present-day Krasnoyarsk Territory in Early 1930: Planning and Scale
Authors: Esin R.S.
Published: August 2021

The topic of Stalin's repressions is relevant both for professional historians and for modern Russian society. Despite the large number of publications on this topic, we believe it is important to continue the study of the problem of repression in the USSR in 1928-1953. In particular, it is necessary to continue studying the kulak exile in the USSR in the early 1930s, in which the movement and eviction of the dispossessed took place. In 1927, the Fifteenth Congress of the CPSU (b) decided to intensify the offensive against the well-to-do strata of the village. The fist was declared a "class enemy". As a result, hundreds of thousands of people were exiled to continue this policy, which had a significant impact on the national and ethnic composition of the population, as well as on the economy of the Soviet Union as a whole and its individual regions. The article deals with the planning and scale of the movement of exiled kulaks to the territory and inside the modern Krasnoyarsk territory in the early 1930s. Finally, it is concluded that as a result of the kulak exile in the districts located on the territory of the modern Krasnoyarsk territory, tens of thousands of people were displaced. Under the pressure of the peasant resistance, as well as in connection with the beginning of the rasputitsa (the seasonal off-road), the resettlement had to be suspended. As a result, the article defines the regional specifics of the scale of resettlement of the dispossessed in the study period in the areas located on the territory of the modern Krasnoyarsk territory.
From Akmolinsk to Nur-Sultan: the Influence of the State Ideology on Developing the Official City Symbols
Authors: Derendyaeva A.D. , Chernyshov Yu.G.
Published: August 2021

The article studies the development processes of the official (city) symbols of the current capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan at different stages of the city's history. The influence of the state ideology on development of the symbolic space of Kazakhstani territories is analyzed by the example of this city. The authors show how heraldic symbols were created in various historical periods: during the time the Kazakh zhuzes were part of the Russian Empire, then during the period of the Kazakh SSR in the USSR and, finally, in the years after the emergence of the independent Republic of Kazakhstan. It is noted that the symbolic space of the city of Nur-Sultan changed at different stages of the city's existence and largely depended on the practice of spreading political ideology. Thus, the first stage is analyzed in terms of the influence of the Russian Empire ideology, including the theory of «official nationality», the second stage shows the role of the Soviet propaganda system of Marxist-Leninist ideology, the third stage is assessed in terms of the influence of ideology aimed at consolidating the multinational Kazakhstan people. When N.A. Nazarbayev had come to power the course of the country's long-term development was defined, it was aimed at strengthening the unity of society and creating a new national capital. This strategy was implemented including with the help of a symbolic space — the official city symbols (coat of arms, flag). The authors note that at this stage the symbolism begins to reflect to a greater extent the historical and cultural traditions of the country. At the same time, Nur-Sultan is positioned both as a «national capital» and as a city for all nations living in Kazakhstan.
The Defeat of Marc Macrinius Vindex. To the History of the Marcomannic Wars in the Middle Danube
Authors: Rubtsov S.M.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the military action of the Roman Empire in the Middle-Danube valley in the early spring 170 year 2-nd centuries A.D. The main aim of this article consists in reconstruction one of the important events in Roman wars against the Germans tribe marcomanni, who lived on the territory of modern-day Czechia (ancient Boygemia). The author uses the analytical and comparative methods, analyzing the historical works of Roman authors and epigraphic facts. One of the main new aspects of article consists in chronology of events. The author tries to prove that defeat of Roman army and death of praefectus Marc Macrinius Vindex took place at the same time in early spring 170 year 2-nd centuries A.D.. This defeat had the important influence on the other military operations in the next time. Marcomanni and his allies seriously threatened the Roman province of Pannonia situated on the right bank of the Danube. The emperor Marcus Aurelius (161 — 180 A.D) waged several wars against the marcomanni and their allies quadi in 167 — 180 A.D. In winter 169 A.D. Marcus Aurelius became the sole emperor. He came back in Carnuntum in Upper Pannonia and began to complete the army for the offensive against marcomanni. The legatus Augusti Marc Macrinius Avitus Catonius Vindex with vexillationes of five Pannonia's legions and a few auxiliums forced a crossing the Danube in the early spring 170 A.D. Marcomanni defeated the Roman army and killed the legatus Augusti. The Germans captivated many soldiers from legions and auxiliums, burned several war-camps in Upper and Lower Pannonias. They reached the borders of the North Italy and besieged the Aquileja again. The author comes to the conclusion, that in result of the defeat of Marc Macrinius Vindex the Roman troops in the Middle and Lower Danube stood on the defensive.
Reviews of the Regions of the Russian Empire as a Historical Source on the History of Education (on the Example of the Regions of the Steppe Territory and Turkestan)
Authors: Rygalova M.V.
Published: August 2021

Reviews of the provinces and regions of the Russian Empire (appendices to the reports of governors) are a comprehensive source on the history of the regions. As the official statistical publication, the reviews are controversially assessed by historians for the reliability of the data. However, comparisons with other sources, as well as critical analysis, allow researchers to view the survey as a representative source. The article analyzes the source potential of reviews as a source on the history of the development of education in the outskirts territories of the Russian Empire. The characteristics of the information contained in the source on the development of education are given. As a result of working with the source, a set of issues in the field of education development that should be considered using the survey data as an independent or auxiliary source (quantitative growth of educational institutions, students, development of the network of educational institutions, its structure, features). The requirements for the structure of gubernatorial reports and their appendices were established at the beginning of the 19th century. However, the structure of reviews and the information presented in them differs significantly depending on the year or region. Matching of the information with other sections of the source and the historical context of the period under review allow us to conclude that the reviews in the education section are highly informative.
Safety, Tolerability, and Biologic Activity of AXA1125 and AXA1957 in Subjects With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Harrison Stephen A. , Baum Seth J. , Gunn Nadege T. , Younes Ziad H. , Kohli Anita , Patil Rashmee , Koziel Margaret J. , Chera Harinder , Zhao Jeff , Chakravarthy Manu V.
Published: August 2021

INTRODUCTION:

AXA1125 and AXA1957 are novel, orally administered endogenous metabolic modulator compositions, specifically designed to simultaneously support multiple metabolic and fibroinflammatory pathways associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study assessed safety, tolerability, and biologic activity of AXA1125 and AXA1957 in NAFLD.

METHODS:

In this multicenter, 16-week, placebo-controlled, single-blind, randomized clinical study in subjects with NAFLD stratified by type 2 diabetes, AXA1125 24 g, AXA1957 13.5 g or 20.3 g, or placebo was administered twice daily. Key metabolism (MRI-proton density fat fraction [MRI-PDFF] and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) and fibroinflammation markers (alanine aminotransferase [ALT], corrected T1 [cT1], keratin-18 [K-18] M65, and N-terminal type III collagen propeptide [Pro-C3]) were evaluated. Safety outcomes included adverse events and standard laboratory assessments.

RESULTS:

Baseline characteristics of the 102 enrolled subjects, including 40 with type 2 diabetes, were consistent with presumed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. AXA1125 showed consistently greater biologic activity than AXA1957 or placebo. Week 16 changes from baseline with AXA1125 vs placebo: MRI-PDFF −22.9% vs −5.7%, HOMA-IR −4.4 vs +0.7, ALT −21.9% vs −7.2%, K-18 M65 −13.6% vs +20.1%, cT1 −69.6 vs +18.3 ms (P < 0.05), and Pro-C3 −13.6% vs −3.6%. Week 16 changes from baseline with AXA1957 20.3 g: MRI-PDFF −8.1%, HOMA-IR +8.4, ALT −20.7%, K-18 M65 6.6%, cT1 −34.7 ms, and Pro-C3 −15.6%. A greater proportion of subjects treated with AXA1125 achieved clinically relevant thresholds: ≥30% MRI-PDFF, ≥17-IU/L ALT, and ≥80-ms cT1 reductions at week 16. Study products were safe and well tolerated with stable lipid and weight profiles.

DISCUSSION:

Both compositions showed multitargeted activity on relevant NAFLD pathways. AXA1125 demonstrated the greatest activity over 16 weeks, warranting continued clinical investigation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis subjects.
Accelerated aging studies of the selected commercial films
Authors: Cichecka Magdalena , Pałys Beata , Wilbik-Hałgas Bożena , Struszczyk Marcin H.
Published: August 2021

The Arrhenius method was used to investigate the effect of accelerated aging conditions on the physical and mechanical properties of polymer films for technical, medical, food and office applications. Temperature and UV radiation were taken into account as environmental factors. It was shown that the tested films are more sensitive to thermal degradation than UV radiation. The reduction in tensile strength after thermal aging does not exceed 40%, and in the case of UV radiation, 14%. The estimated lifetime of the tested films is over 5 years.
Ideology’s Absent Shadow: A Conversation about Rhetoric
Authors: Johnson Paul Elliott , McKerrow Raymie E.
Published: August 2021

We have been asked to engage in a conversation about the current role of ideology—as critique, as rhetoric, as a framework within which academics operate. Our approach will not seek to write the history of rhetorical critique from an ideological perspective, nor work from extant literature as one might in a traditional research essay. Still, we reference ideas emanating from that literature; instead of the normal “source citation in text,” we will list references at the end. Our ideas do not exist in a vacuum—they are stimulated by our own reading/writing in the area of ideology critique— from the original “ideological turn” to the present day. Hence it seems appropriate to acknowledge where ideas, especially about missing elements or future trajectories in research, come from. This conversation touches on the Cold War afterlife of the public as an ideological force, whiteness’s role in gatekeeping the field, and how political liberalism and those interpellated by it constrain the field’s future(s).
Visual Rhetoric in Flux: A Conversation
Authors: Bruce Caitlin Frances , Finnegan Cara A.
Published: August 2021

In this conversation series, we discuss some of the enduring and evolving interests that the subfield of visual rhetoric provokes for us. We begin with how we found visual rhetoric; questions of disciplinarity and methodology; issues of archive and field; concerns about the objects and scenes for visual rhetoric; and conclude with a focus on the future, core and evolving concepts, and pedagogy.
“An Impression of Asian People”: Asian American Comedy, Rhetoric, and Identity in Ali Wong’s Standup Comedy
Authors: Kim Euni
Published: August 2021

While many have critiqued the racist, sexist, and otherwise prejudiced nature of comedic rhetorics, few have considered how identity-based comedy, particularly racial comedy, functions productively, rather than merely oppressively. Studies of comedic rhetorics have primarily focused on Black and white comedians, but the increasing number and variety of popular comedians of color demands investigation into how comedians from different racial backgrounds use humor to rhetorically articulate the boundaries of their racial(ized) identities. This essay theorizes comedic rhetoric, particularly stereotypes in comedy, as a constitutive form of rhetoric that can articulate generative racial identities as they exist within the ambivalent spaces of in-group stereotypes. By pairing polysemy, Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of polyphony, and Tina Chen’s theory of impersonation to analyze the standup performances of Asian American comedian Ali Wong, this essay ultimately represents a necessary intervention into understanding racial comedy and stereotypes as potentially productive sites for examining racial identity.
Rhetoric for Earthly Coexistence: Imagining an Ecocentric Rhetoric
Authors: Barnett Joshua Trey
Published: August 2021

What obligations do scholars of rhetoric and public address have to understand, address, and sustain the conditions of earthly coexistence? Only if the field of rhetoric embraces a genuinely ecological notion of rhetoric, the author argues, and only if we collectively commit to addressing the ecological dimensions of our various objects of study, can we truly give back to the earth in ways that honor all that it has given, and continues to give, to us. Toward that end, this essay outlines several dimensions of an “ecocentric rhetoric.“
Le récit dans l'image
Authors: Baroni Raphaël
Published: August 2021

Cet article propose une réflexion sur le potentiel narratif des images. Un aperçu des définitions de la narration, confrontant leurs particularités apporte les dernières tendances de la narratologie post-classique. La question de la narrativisation des images est abordée à partir de quelques exemples artistiques, qui représentent différents différents rapports à la dimension temporelle du récit. En prenant en considération les notions de séquence, d'intrigue et de configuration, une typologie des procédés de narrativisation de l’image fixe est développée.
Reparações e Dívidas Aliadas no Entreguerras: de Versalhes (1919) a Lausanne (1932)
Authors: Osvaldo Colombo Arthur , Gonçalves Patrocínio Sartório Sarah , Favorato Diego Gonçalves
Published: August 2021

O artigo se propõe a explicitar os principais desdobramentos dos pagamentos das reparações da Primeira Guerra Mundial (1914-1918) impostas à Alemanha. Neste, inicialmente são mencionadas as perdas humanas e materiais devido à Primeira Guerra Mundial. Ao final da guerra, uma nova reorganização territorial da Europa iria emergir, com a desintegração de impérios e o surgimento de novos países. Ao final, discute-se os reparos de guerra instituídos no Tratado de Paz de Versalhes (1919), de modo que as dificuldades econômicas enfrentadas pela Alemanha e pela França, em específico, surgem como ponto central da discussão deste artigo.
Analysis of Machine Learning Approach for the mode model in SWC Mapping in Automotive Systems
Authors: Khan Owes , Shahini Geri , Hardt Wolfram
Published: August 2021

Automotive technologies are ever-increasinglybecoming digital. Highly autonomous driving together withdigital E/E control mechanisms include thousands of softwareapplications which are called as software components.Together with the industry requirements, and rigoroussoftware development processes, mapping of components as asoftware pool becomes very difficult. This article analyses anddiscusses the integration possibilities of machine learningapproaches to our previously introduced concept of mappingof software components through a common software pool
Smartphone imaging technology and its applications
Authors: Blahnik Vladan , Schindelbeck Oliver
Published: August 2021

Thanks to their portability, connectivity, and their image performance – which is constantly improving – smartphone cameras (SPCs) have been people’s loyal companions for quite a while now. In the past few years, multicamera systems have become well and truly established, alongside 3D acquisition systems such as time-of-flight (ToF) sensors. This article looks at the evolution and status of SPC imaging technology. After a brief assessment of the SPC market and supply chain, the camera system and optical image formation is described in more detail. Subsequently, the basic requirements and physical limitations of smartphone imaging are examined, and the optical design of state-of-the-art multicameras is reviewed alongside their optical technology and manufacturing process. The evolution of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors and basic image processing is then briefly summarized. Advanced functions such as a zoom, shallow depth-of-field portrait mode, high dynamic range (HDR), and fast focusing are enabled by computational imaging. Optical image stabilization has greatly improved image performance, enabled as it is by built-in sensors such as a gyroscope and accelerometer. Finally, SPCs’ connection interface with telescopes, microscopes, and other auxiliary optical systems is reviewed.
Verbundzentralen in der Pandemie
Authors: Freis Johanna , Kühn Roswitha , Willwerth Regina
Published: August 2021

Die Auswirkungen der Corona-Pandemie auf die Arbeit der beiden Verbundzentralen BSZ (SWB) und VZG (GBV) waren und sind vielfältig. Fernleihe und Schulungen mussten unter Zeitdruck und aus dem Homeoffice heraus neu organisiert werden. Im Bereich des E-Book-Metadatenmanagements stieg die Anzahl der Einspiel-Aufträge auf Grund befristeter kostenloser Verlagsangebote sehr stark an. Die Vorteile der Kooperation von VZG und BSZ haben sich in dieser Zeit deutlich gezeigt und bewährt.
Ein Jahr Corona-Pandemie: Erfahrungen in der Österreichischen Bibliothekenverbund und Service GmbH
Authors: Kann Bettina
Published: August 2021

Der Aufsatz beinhaltet die Erfahrungen der Österreichischen Bibliotheken Service GmbH (OBVSG) während der Corona-Pandemie. Im Vordergrund standen die geänderten Arbeitsbedingungen durch Homeoffice und neue digitale Kommunikationsformen sowie rasches Reagieren auf geänderte rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen und Kundenanforderungen.
A screening method to spot biomarkers that may warn of serious events in a chronic disease – illustrated by cardiological CLARICOR trial data
Authors: Winkel Per , Hilden Jørgen , Jakobsen Janus Christian , Lindschou Jane , Jensen Gorm Boje , Kjøller Erik , Sajadieh Ahmad , Kastrup Jens , Kolmos Hans Jørn , Larsson Anders , Ärnlöv Johan , Bjerre Mette , Gluud Christian
Published: August 2021

Objectives

To develop a crude screening method for detecting biomarkers which frequently exhibit a rise (or fall) in level prior to a serious event (e.g. a stroke) in patients with a chronic disease, signalling that the biomarker may have an alarm-raising or prognostic potential. The subsequent assessment of the marker’s clinical utility requires costly, difficult longitudinal studies. Therefore, initial screening of candidate-biomarkers is desirable.

Methods

The method exploits a cohort of patients with biomarkers measured at entry and with recording of first serious event during follow-up. Copying those individual records onto a common timeline where a specific event occurs on the same day (Day 0) for all patients, the baseline biomarker level, when plotted against the patient’s entry time on the revised timeline, will have a positive (negative) regression slope if biomarker levels generally rise (decline) the closer one gets to the event. As an example, we study 1,958 placebo-treated patients with stable coronary artery disease followed for nine years in the CLARICOR trial (NCT00121550), examining 11 newer biomarkers.

Results

Rising average serum levels of cardiac troponin T and of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were seen prior to a fatal cardiovascular outcome. C-reactive protein rose prior to non-cardiovascular death. Glomerular filtration rate, seven lipoproteins, and nine newer cardiological biomarkers did not show convincing changes.

Conclusions

For early detection of biomarkers with an alarm-raising potential in chronic diseases, we proposed the described easy procedure. Using only baseline biomarker values and clinical course of participants with coronary heart disease, we identified the same cardiovascular biomarkers as those previously found containing prognostic information using longitudinal or survival analysis.
Aitionetprophasischez Hippocrate et Galien : deux mots pour une même cause ?
Authors: Boudon-Millot Véronique
Published: August 2021

This paper deals with the two notions ofaitionoraitiaandprophasisin the Greek medical texts and asks the question of whether these words are synonymous or not. Therefore, it explores their different meanings in different contexts both in the Hippocratic and in the Galenic corpus. It also investigates how Galen understands these two notions when he reads them in the Hippocratic treatises and how he explains them in his commentaries to Hippocrates, and in particular, if he gives the same meaning to these words in his own treatises or if he uses them in a different way.
Medical and Philosophical Causality of Nutrition. About some Hippocratic Issues
Authors: Darbo-Peschanski Catherine
Published: August 2021

After a quick overview on the specification of the causal role of the powers or faculties (δυνάμεις) in nutrition, from the Hippocratic physicians to Galen,viaAristotle, the article defines the set of questions about this process that the Hippocratic physicians leave open. It then examines how Aristotle provides some sort of indirect physical and ethical answers, while Galen openly takes the side of reappropriating the central Stoic concept ofoikeiôsisin a Platonist way.
Galen and the Formal Cause
Authors: Chiaradonna Riccardo
Published: August 2021

This paper focuses on Galen’s views about the formal cause against the wider background of his account of causation. In his works on the pulse, Galen provides an in-depth discussion of issues such as the theory of causes and the problem of definition. While Galen is inclined to incorporate Peripatetic doctrines and vocabulary, he neglects Aristotle’s formal cause both in his account of causes and in that of definition. Further parallels outside the corpus on the pulse confirm Galen’s reserved attitude towards the (Peripatetic) formal cause. In his work That the Faculties of the Soul Follow the Mixtures of the Body, however, Galen refers favourably to the Peripatetic theory of hylomorphic form. More precisely, Galen equates the Peripatetic en-mattered form with the mixture of homoeomerous bodies (the ratio or proportion of the elementary qualities in them). Here I will attempt to provide an explanation of Galen’s mixed attitude towards the formal cause and I will argue that his general position is consistent after all. In addition to this, I will try to set Galen’s position against the background of the Peripatetic debates on the status of form.
The Structure of Courage in theLaches,MenoandProtagoras
Authors: Jirsa Jakub
Published: August 2021

The following article provides an interpretation of the structure of courage in Plato’sLaches,MenoandProtagoras. I argue that these dialogues present courage (ἀνδρεία) in the soul according to the same scheme: that there is a normatively neutral psychic state which is informed by the knowledge of good and evil. The knowledge (ἐπιστήμη) which informs this normatively neutral psychic state is called practical wisdom (which Plato refers to as φρόνησις or sometimes σοφία). This interpretation seems to negate the claim that virtue is knowledge. I will show, however, that this is not a contradiction and that virtue is in fact knowledge, despite the complex moral psychology of courage. Finally, I will argue that the conception of courage in theRepublicaddresses some of the problems posed by the discussion of courage in the above-mentioned dialogues.
Synthesis and characterization of bio catalyst prepared from dairy waste for lactic acid esterification
Authors: Bhusari Amol A. , Mazumdar Bidyut , Rathod Ajit P.
Published: August 2021

Dairy byproduct is known for its valuable chemical and nutritional content possessing high market potential. Notwithstanding, it is tractable to exploit its utilization. The waste generated is organic and having huge energy potential. The objective of current research is to synthesize novel catalyst from a dairy based solid waste called Ghee Residue by chemical activation process and deploy it for the production of iso-butyl lactate. Surface identity of catalyst was furnished using Brunauer-Emmet Teller (BET) method and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Effect of variables like reaction time, temperature of reaction and loading of catalyst on lactic acid conversion were studied. In addition to this, reaction kinetics modelling was performed using 2nd order pseudo-homogeneous approach. It was inferred that, both internal as well as external resistance of mass transfer could not offer any influence on overall rate of reaction in this esterification. Optimum condition for esterification reaction was at 368 K with 3% catalyst loading giving the highest conversion around 74%. The energy of activation for the present system using synthesized catalyst was 41.5 kJ/mol and found to be lower in comparison with the other catalysts. Although, the activity of GRC declined gradually less than 10% from the activity of the several reaction cycle.
An ideal solution for the deployment of photovoltaic generators using agent-based Nash Differential Evolution (NashDE) algorithm
Authors: C. M. Thasnimol , R. Rajathy
Published: August 2021

This paper combines evolutionary game theory and Agent-based modelling for finding out the optimal location and size of multiple solar PVs in an unbalanced distribution system. The use of Agent-based modelling in solar PV placement is new and hence provides a valuable contribution. NashDE algorithm is implemented and simulated using an agent-based modelling framework MESA. In MA-NashDE, the optimization variables, i.e., the power system buses, are clustered into several zones using both the Loss Sensitivity Index and the Voltage Sensitivity Index. Each zone is under the control of a Nash/zonal player, and the strategy adopted by the zonal player will evolve through Multi-Agent Differential Evolution (MADE) algorithm. This is a novel study focusing on the PV placement problem by Agent-based Evolutionary Game Theory. The proposed methodology was tested using IEEE 34 and IEEE 123 bus radial distribution network using the OpenDSS-Python COM interface.
Brandom on Perceptual Knowledge
Authors: Kalpokas Daniel
Published: August 2021

According to Brandom, perceptual knowledge is the product of two distinguishable capacities: (i) the capacity to reliably discriminate behaviorally between different sorts of stimuli, and (ii) the capacity to take up a position in the game of giving and asking for reasons. However, in focusing exclusively on the entitlements and commitments of observation reports, rather than on perception itself, Brandom passes over a conception of perceptual experience as a sort of contentful mental state. In this article, I argue that this is a blind spot, which makes Brandom’s account of perceptual knowledge unable to properly accommodate the phenomenon of seeing aspects.
Human Striving and Absolute Reliance upon God: A Kierkegaardian Paradox
Authors: Barrett Lee C.
Published: August 2021

Kierkegaard’s texts suggest countervailing construals of the respective roles of divine and human agency in an individual’s pursuit of blessedness. Kierkegaard paradoxically suggests that the individual must depend entirely on grace for the birth and development of faith, and at the same time actively cultivate faithful dispositions and passions. But Kierkegaard did not espouse Calvinistic divine determinism, or Pelagian autonomous human agency, or the Arminian cooperation of the two. For Kierkegaard, the ostensible paradox of grace and free will is not a cognitive conundrum but is rather a challenge to integrate faith as a gift and faith as a task.
Towards the Socratic Mission: Imitatio Socratis
Authors: Parding Mathias G.
Published: August 2021

It is known that Kierkegaard’s relation to politics was problematic and marked by a somewhat reactionary stance. The nature of this problematic relation, however, will be shown to lie in the tension between his double skepticism of the order of establishment [det Bestående] on the one hand, and the political associations of his age on the other. In this tension he is immersed, trembling between Scylla and Charybdis. On the one hand Kierkegaard is hesitant to support the progressive political movements of the time due to his skepticism about the principle of association in the socio-psychological climate of leveling and envy. On the other hand, his dubious support of the order of the establishment, in particular the Church and Bishop Mynster, becomes increasingly problematic. The importance of 1848 is crucial in this regard since this year marks the decisive turn in Kierkegaard’s authorship. Using the letters to Kolderup-Rosenvinge in the wake of the cataclysmic events of 1848 as my point of departure, I wish to elucidate the pathway towards what Kierkegaard himself understands as his Socratic mission.
What is Worldly Logic and Why Might it Lead to Suicide? Kierkegaard, Wittgenstein, and the Critique of Logic
Authors: Djordjevic Charles
Published: August 2021

In contemporary philosophy, there is a growing interest in how Søren Kierkegaard’s metaphilosophy and philosophical methodology may have influenced Ludwig Wittgenstein. This paper contributes to this discussion by arguing that each shares and critiques a particular conception of logic that I term “worldly logic.” Roughly, “worldly logic” contends logic and metaphysics are intimately interconnected. It further argues that reading Kierkegaard’s brief thoughts on logic, in the Climacus texts, through the lens of the later Wittgenstein, helps to clarify the nature of Kierkegaard’s critique. Finally, it argues that their shared abhorrence of a particular sort of philosophy of logic is principled and apt.
Menschenrechte – eine baptistische Perspektive
Authors: Strübind Andrea
Published: August 2021

Der Einsatz für die Religionsfreiheit gehört zu den denominationellen Charakteristika und Grundsätzen (Baptist Principles) des weltweiten Baptismus. Der Beitrag trägt geschichtliche Beispiele zusammen, die diese Grundhaltung belegen. Zudem werden gegenwärtige Gefährdungen und Engführungen (Evangelikale Bewegung, Neue Rechte in den USA) herausgearbeitet. Es stellt sich die Frage, wie sich die baptistische Fokussierung auf die Religionsfreiheit zu den anderen Menschenrechten verhält.
Menschenrechte: Zur adventistischen Positionierung
Authors: Höschele Stefan
Published: August 2021

Adventisten sind, geprägt vor allem durch ihre amerikanische Herkunft, Menschenrechtsbefürworter von Anfang an. Dennoch spielen Reflexionen zu den Menschenrechten in adventistischer Theologie und Ethik bislang so gut wie keine eigenständige Rolle – bis auf die Religionsfreiheit, die aufgrund der eigenen Minderheitensituation von existenzieller Bedeutung war. Die Sabbattheologie und die Betonung des Dekalogs können als hilfreiche Beiträge in der Diskussion um menschenrechtliches Denken angesehen werden.
Systematische Positionen zu den Menschenrechten in der chalkedonischen Orthodoxie
Authors: Grigore Mihai-D.
Published: August 2021

Der Beitrag bietet einen synthetischen Überblick über die systematische Untermauerung der Menschenwürde und Menschenrechte in der Dogmatik und Ethik der chalkedonisch-orthodoxen Kirchen. Der Diskurs entfaltet sich entlang wichtiger semantischer Felder wie „Bild Gottes im Menschen“, „Angleichung an Gott“, „Menschenwürde als moralische Performanz“, „der Mensch als Person“ oder „Christengemeinschaft (Koinonia)“. Der Beitrag stellt eine unzureichende, zögerliche und uneinheitliche theologisch-systematische Auseinandersetzung mit Menschenrechten in den orthodoxen Traditionen fest.
Menschenrechte: eine koptisch-orthodoxe Sicht
Authors: Rezkalla Sherif
Published: August 2021

Der Artikel zeigt auf, dass aufgrund der langen Verfolgungsgeschichte in koptisch-orthodoxen Überlegungen zu den Menschenrechten die Gleichberechtigung der Kopten in Ägypten im Vordergrund stand, während die darüber hinausgehende Diskussion noch am Anfang steht. Die koptische Theologie basiert auf der biblischen Anthropologie, die die Gleichheit aller Menschen betont. Ziel des menschlichen Lebens ist die Gottebenbildlichkeit, die in der Einheit mit Christus und der Teilhabe am Leben der Dreifaltigkeit gipfelt. Damit ist die Liebe die Grundlage für die Bestimmung der Werte, Rechte und Pflichten.
The use of semiotic resources in traffic policing: an exploration of genre structure and exchanges in traffic accident handling in China
Authors: Wu Qijing , Wang Zhenhua
Published: August 2021

In China, the increasing traffic pressure has created traffic policing problems such as the heavy workloads of traffic police, as well as more conflicts between traffic police and road users. The treatment of traffic policing as a semiotic practice provides both a new perspective in and a helpful approach to dealing with these problems, yet few studies have investigated how semiotic resources are used in traffic policing interactions. This article examines the supportive role of semiotic resources in traffic policing, and draws upon genre and exchanges involved as an illustration. The data include three audio recordings of traffic accident handling cases in Shanghai, China. Through qualitative analysis of the data from the perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics, this article identifies the genre stages (both obligatory and optional stages) in traffic accident handling and their logico-semantic relations, and situates the typical exchanges and moves used by traffic police in different stages. It also discusses the usefulness of semiotic resources for traffic policing and the implications of these resources in tackling the existing problems of traffic policing in China.
The Written British National Corpus 2014 – design and comparability
Authors: Brezina Vaclav , Hawtin Abi , McEnery Tony
Published: August 2021

The British National Corpus 2014 is a major project led by Lancaster University to create a 100-million-word corpus of present day British English. This corpus has been constructed as a comparable counterpart of the original British National Corpus (referred to as the BNC1994 in this article), which was compiled in the early 1990s. This article starts with the justification of the project answering the question of ‘Why do we need a new BNC?’. We then provide a general overview of the construction of the Written British National Corpus 2014 (Written BNC2014); we also briefly discuss some issues of data collection before looking in detail at the design of the corpus. Compiling a large general corpus such as the Written BNC2014 has been a major undertaking involving teamwork and collaboration. It also required generosity on the part of the many individuals and organisations who contributed to the data collection.
Content validation of the nursing intervention Dialysis Access Maintenance
Authors: Gonçalves Letícia Mattos , Lins Silvia Maria de Sá Basílio , Souza Priscilla Alfradique de , Tavares Joyce Martins Arimatéa Branco , Pires Bruna Maiara Ferreira Barreto , Assad Luciana Guimarães
Published: August 2021

Objective: to validate the content of the Dialysis Access Maintenance intervention. Methods: methodological validation study, composed of 28 participants who analyzed each activity of the intervention through the Likert scale, considering the importance and objectivity, which provided the calculation of the index of validity of content and frequency to assess the realization of the activities. Results: the 11 intervention activities were validated. Of these, seven obtained a content validity index ≥ 0.8 and four, > 0.5 and < 0.8. In the qualitative part, three categories emerged: 1) Positive reinforcement of the Nursing Interventions Classification activity; 2) Contribution to improve the Nursing Interventions Classification activity; and 3) Disagreement regarding the activity proposed by the Nursing Interventions Classification. Conclusion: all activities were considered important and objective, validating the intervention.
Development of nurses' evidence-based practice skills: contributions of clinical supervision
Authors: Teixeira Ana Isabel Carvalho , Teixeira Leonor Olímpia Lopes Sousa Morais , Pereira Rui Pedro Gomes , Barroso Cristina , Carvalho António Luís Rodrigues Faria de , Püschel Vilanice Alves de Araújo
Published: August 2021

Objective: to evaluate the impact of the implementation of the SafeCare Model on the evidence-based practice competencies of nurses. Methods: mixed method characterized by concomitant triangulation. Quantitative data were collected before and after the implementation of the Model, by means of the Clinical Effectiveness and Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire, with descriptive statistical analysis. Evidence values were obtained using the Wilcoxon test. Thirteen nurses participated. Qualitative data were obtained from interviews with 11 nurses from a public hospital and analyzed using the Content Analysis technique. Results: there were no statistically significant differences with the implementation of the model. However, nurses identified increased competencies in evidence-based practice with the recognition of advantages in their professional development, organization, and patient care. Conclusion: the implementation of the model has been shown to have contributed to the development of competencies in evidence-based practice.
Occupational stress, work engagement and coping strategies in Community Health Workers
Authors: Faria Francielli Regini Carvalho de , Lourenção Luciano Garcia , Silva Albertina Gomes da , Sodré Paula Canova , Castro Jussara Rossi , Borges Márcio Andrade , Gazetta Cláudia Eli
Published: August 2021

Objective: to evaluate the levels of occupational stress, work engagement, and coping strategies among community health workers. Methods: cross-sectional study with 133 Community Health Workers. We used a questionnaire with socioeconomic and professional variables, the Work Stress Scale, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, and the Coping Modes Scale. Results: The mean occupational stress score was 2.7. Work engagement levels were high for dedication (4.0), vigor (4.3), and overall score (4.0). Problem-focused coping modes (3.9; ±0.6) and based on religious practices and fantasy thinking (3.4; ±0.7) stood out. Conclusion: there is a high percentage of professionals with significant occupational stress. The levels of work engagement were medium for absorption and high for dedication, vigor, and overall score. The coping strategies are focused on problem solving, religious practices and fanciful thoughts of positive character.
Patient safety culture in Primary Health Care
Authors: Bohrer Jéssica Karine Lopes , Vasconcelos Ana Catarina Laboissière , Bezerra Ana Lúcia Queiroz , Teixeira Cristiane Chagas , Andrade Juliane , Santos Paulo Henrique Fernandes dos , Paranaguá Thatianny Tanferri de Brito
Published: August 2021

Objective: to evaluate the patient safety culture in a primary care health unit. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted with 51 professionals linked to Primary Health Care. Data were collected using the self-administered instrument Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture, translated, adapted and validated for use in Brazil. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Nurses, physicians, Community Health Agents, among other professionals participated. Results: the dimensions of the patient safety culture in Primary Health Care indicated opportunities for improvement or weaknesses in the service. The general assessment of patient safety and the global assessment of the quality of care provided in Primary Health Care were appointed as good or fair. Conclusion: the safety culture in Primary Care did not identify strong dimensions; there were problems with equipment, performance and availability of test results and exchange of information with imaging centers/laboratories in the care network.