bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The risk of combined use of herbal and conventional medicines in diabetic patients
Authors: Rahem Abdul , Athiyah Umi , Setiawan Catur Dian , Hermansyah Andi
Published: October 2023

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to increase due to changes in human lifestyle. Adherence to taking medication becomes one of the keys to successful blood glucose control. Unfortunately, not all people with DM are obedient to take medicine because of various reasons, such as fear of the side effects. To avoid some concerns about medicine, some prefer to add herbal medicine.
Objective: This study determined whether the addition of herbal medicine to conventional drugs increases the incidence of hypoglycemia.
Methods: This study was carried out from October 2019-March 2020 on 350 Madurese patients with DM in 33 primary healthcare centres of Madura. Data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire. The independent variable in this study was the use of herbal medicine, while the dependent variable was the incidence of hypoglycemia.
Results:  About 41.4% of respondents used herbal medicine in addition to conventional drugs. Among those who consumed herbal medicine, 59.3% experienced hypoglycemia, while 24.4% did not take herbal medicine. The results showed a significant relationship between the use of herbal medicine and the incidence of hypoglycemia with a p-value of 0.0001.
Conclusion: The use of herbal medicine increased the incidence of hypoglycemia.
Investigating the anti-allergic activity of Phyllanthus niruri via MALT1 protease inhibition: An in silico approach
Authors: Marhaeny Honey Dzikri , Aliyah Alma Nuril , Miatmoko Andang , Khotib Junaidi
Published: October 2023

Background: Allergic inflammation is a condition caused by complex interactions between several inflammatory cells in the body. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) is a cysteine protease that bridges innate and adaptive immune responses in allergic inflammation. MALT1 protease inhibition is a potential strategy for controlling IgE-mediated allergic disease. P. niruri is a medicinal plant with anti-allergic properties.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-allergic activity of P. niruri secondary metabolites against MALT1 protease through in silico approach.
Method: Physicochemical properties and drug-likeness evaluation were determined using SwissADME. The toxicity properties prediction was analysed using pkCSM. AutoDock Vina was used to evaluate the best binding energy of the compounds against the receptor (PDB ID: 3V4O and 4I1R). Visualisation was obtained using Biovia discovery studio visualiser.
Result: Docking analysis showed that ten of 21 compounds have lower binding affinity than the native ligand and reference drugs at the 3V4O receptor. At the 4I1R receptor, only three compounds have a lower binding affinity than its native ligand, but only one compound has a lower binding affinity than all reference drugs.
Conclusion: Several P. niruri secondary metabolites were potentially predicted to be developed as MALT1 protease inhibitory agents.
Assessment of community-based sanitation management in coastal areas from an economic and financial perspective
Authors: Susilawati  , Harahap R. Hamdani , Mulya Miswar Budi , Andayani Lita Sri , Falefi Reinpal
Published: October 2023

Background: Community-Based Sanitation Management (CBSM) in coastal areas requires motivation and support from various stakeholders.    
Objective: To analyse the level of CBSM based on the socio-economic status of the community and its constraints.    
Method:  A cross-sectional study was conducted in the subdistrict of Deli Serdang, North Sumatra, Indonesia with a sample size of 414 households. The outcome measured in this study is the economic impact on CBSM. Data analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test with variable tests of economics and the level of CBSM.    
Result: Most communities living in coastal settlements have inadequate sanitation knowledge and skills, which poses an inhibiting factor for management.    
Conclusion: Community participation in sanitation management in coastal areas is significantly low (low=27.7%, medium=65.0%). Therefore, support from stakeholders is needed. This study recommends that early and continuous education alongside training is required to increase knowledge on clean, healthy, and sustainable sanitation management.
Exploring the pharmacist role and challenges during COVID-19 pandemic in the public healthcare setting: A qualitative study
Authors: Pratiwi Asri Putri , Utami Wahyu , Athiyah Umi , Rahem Abdul , Sukorini Anila Impian , Hermansyah Andi
Published: October 2023

Background: Pharmacists working in the Public Health Center (PHC) setting are at the frontline response and often have to adapt to the COVID-19 crisis. However, there is a deficit of studies examining their roles and challenges regarding providing pharmaceutical care and how they adapt to the COVID-19 situation in Indonesia.
Objective: This study aims to explore the views and experiences of pharmacists in the PHC during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Four Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) involving 40 PHC pharmacists working in Surabaya were conducted in May 2021. The FGDs were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and subsequently analysed for any emerging theme.
Results: Most participants viewed that the restriction of face-to-face interaction hampered the provision of pharmaceutical care in the PHC. Protective equipment and partition screens during patient visits have challenged pharmacists to communicate effectively. Services such as direct one-on-one drug information and patient counselling were still provided, often facilitated with written aids, but for a limited time, providing opportunities for pharmacists to deliver messages through WhatsApp and telephone.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted pharmaceutical service delivery in PHC. However, it has preserved the important role of pharmacists to ensure safe and quality services, particularly with the presence of the COVID-19 vaccination programme.
Medication complexity and COVID-19 pandemic impact on the cost burden in non-COVID elderly patients at the emergency department
Authors: Hamidah Khusnul Fitri , Rahmadi Mahardian , Abdissalam Erfan , Septiani Indah , Utomo Febriansyah Nur , Batubara Wieka Rafelina
Published: October 2023

Background: The global increase in the elderly population and the incidence of emergency conditions due to physiological changes pose cost challenges for emergency services. COVID-19 potentially affects the financial burden of medication in elderly patients.    
Objective: To analyse the impact of medication complexity on the cost burden in elderly patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.    
Method: A retrospective observational study was conducted among elderly patients (aged > 60 years) who visited ED but were not hospitalised between January to April 2020. The medication complexity was measured using the Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) while the cost was collected from the hospital information system.    
Result: A total of 321 ED visits were included in this study. The results showed that the mean of the total medication was 3.89 ± 1.70, while the mean score of the MRCI was 15.20 ± 6.54. The mean medication cost required was IDR 56,342 for each ED visit.    
Conclusion: This study provided an overview and input to control medication costs for elderly patients in the emergency setting. Interested parties can design policies that are beneficial in economics and therapeutic outcomes.
Foodborne disease and food safety among college students in pandemic situation
Authors: Moelyaningrum Anita Dewi , Keman Soedjajadi , Melaniani Soenarnatalina , Notobroto Hari Basuki , Rokhmah Dewi , Megatsaari Hario
Published: October 2023

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were 6,205 cases of food poisoning recorded by the Public Health Emergency Operation Centre (PHEOC) Indonesia.
Objective: The objectives of this study were to assess the profile, knowledge, attitude, and practice of food safety among college students in a pandemic situation.
Method: This research is a cross-sectional study conducted online at Universitas Jember, Indonesia, in October 2020. The sample used was (n=187, college students whose profiles, knowledge, attitude and practice were analysed with a chi-square test and Spearman rank (α = 0.05).
Result: The respondents were female (86.1%) and living in a dormitory (90.9%). The knowledge was medium, the attitude was neutral, and the practice was average. There was a significant correlation between profile and knowledge, attitude, and practice (p < 0.05); knowledge and attitude; knowledge and practice; attitude and practice in food safety among college students. (p < 0.05; α = 0.05).
Conclusion: The college curriculum should be improved in knowledge, attitude and practice to prevent foodborne disease, especially in the pandemic situation.
Synthesis of 2-hydroxybenzohydrazide derivatives with microwave irradiation and activity against Escherichia coli
Authors: Suzana  , Fika Amalia Najati  , Isnaeni  , Tutuk Budiati
Published: October 2023

Background: This study synthesised derivatives of 2-hydroxybenzohydrazide using microwave irradiation (green chemistry) and tested their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.
Objective: The reaction yielded N'-Benzylidene-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide, N'-(2-Methoxybenzylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide, and N'-(4-Methoxybenzylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide compounds. Prior to compound synthesis, docking was performed with the ENR inhibitor receptor (Pdb.1C14), to determine the antibacterial activity test.
Method: The synthesis was carried out using a condensation reaction. Identification of compounds was carried out by UV-VIS, FTIR, and 1H-NMR spectroscopies. Antibacterial activity against E. coli was evaluated using the well method. Molecule docking study was performed using Mollegro virtual docker.
Results: The percentage yield of the synthesis of 2-hydroxybenzohydrazide derivatives was obtained at 68-81%. Docking with the ENR inhibitor receptor for these compounds resulted in a lower rerank score than the initial compound (methyl salicylate). These compounds exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli.
Conclusion: These compounds can synthesised using microwave irradiation. N'-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide has greater activity against E. coli.
Increased levels of IL-10 in the spleen after induction of pili protein 65.5 kDa Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Agustina Dini , Diana Chusna Mufida  , Enny Suswati  , M. Ali Shodikin  , Bagus Hermansyah  , Ajeng Samrotu Sa'adah  , Tio Wisnu Pradana Putra  , Samudra Ayu
Published: October 2023

Background: One of the gram-negative bacteria often found as the cause of nosocomial infections is Klebsiella pneumoniae. This bacterium has a mortality rate of 28.3% due to ESBL strains that cause resistance to several antibiotics and the absence of a vaccine as a preventive measure.
Objective: To determine the level of IL-10 in the spleen after induction of the protein pili K. pneumoniae 65.5 kDa in mice.
Method: This study used mice spleen samples from 21 mice aged six to eight weeks in an experimental investigation with a randomised posttest-only control group design. There are three groups, K1 as a PBS-given control, 65.5 kDa antigen protein pills + Freund’s adjuvants are given to K2, and Freund's adjuvants are given to K3. Interleukin-10 concentrations were measured using the ELISA and analysed by a one-way ANOVA assay.
Result: The research showed significant differences in each group at IL-10 levels after administration of the pili protein K. pneumoniae using one-way ANOVA (p = 0.036). The treatment group had the highest average levels of IL-10, so there was an increased association between exposure to pili protein and IL-10 levels in rats. A significant increase in IL-10 levels was found in the treatment group compared to the control and adjuvant groups.
Conclusion: Induction of protein pili Klebsiella pneumoniae 65.5 kDa increases IL-10 levels in spleen mice.
Protective effects of Piper crocatum ethanol extract on Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Authors: Dewi Ika Puspita , Fajrin Fifteen Aprila , Yumna Nadia Kholidatul , Rahmawati Hesti Nur , Christanty Fransiska Maria , Holidah Diana
Published: October 2023

Background: The kidney is one of the main target organs of toxic substances, including drugs. Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity is thought to be caused by the formation of oxidative stress and can be prevented by antioxidants. Piper crocatum has potent antioxidant activity.
Objective: This study aims to determine the nephroprotective activity of Piper crocatum.
Method: The study used Wistar rats in five groups (normal, negative, and ethanol extract of Piper crocatum with doses of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg BW). The nephrotoxicity was induced by gentamicin for eight days. On the ninth day, the kidney function parameters (blood, urea, nitrogen, creatinine and uric acid) and malondialdehyde levels were measured, and kidney histology analysis was performed.
Results: The results demonstrated that the extracts show lower kidney function parameters and malondialdehyde levels than the negative control.
Conclusion: Piper crocatum is a potential nephroprotective agent.
The activity of bioactive compounds from bidara upas (Merremia mammosa (Lour) Hall. f.) as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV2 entry stage: In silico study
Authors: Purwitasari Neny , Agil Mangestuti , Siswodihardjo Siswandono , Maulana Saipul , Zubair Muhammad Sulaiman
Published: October 2023

Background: Covid 19 is a global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2, a novel coronavirus. This virus enters target organ epithelial cells by utilising two host proteins; Transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2) and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). The inhibition of TMPRSS2 has shown to be a promising means to prevent viral infection. Molecular docking, and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) analysis will determine the activity of Merremia mammosa (Lour) Hall.f. secondary metabolites against the TMPRSS2 of SARS-CoV2.    
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the in silico activity of Merremia mammosa (Lour) Hall.f. active compounds against TMPRSS2 of SARS-CoV2.
Method: Molecular docking was performed on 206 compounds obtained through metabolite profiling from a previous study on the SARS-CoV TMPRSS-2 protein (PDB id.7MEQ) using the Maestro Schrodinger software.
Result: The results indicated there were 6 compounds (three of which were flavonoids: cynarine, phellodensin F, and gemixanthone A) with docking scores lower than standard drugs (nafamostat as a native ligand). ADMET analysis revealed that among 6 compounds, cynarine has the highest drug-likeness and the greatest inhibitory potential against TMPRSS2.
Conclusion: Cynarine was found to be active and promising to be developed as an inhibitor of the SARS-CoV2 entry step.
Perception of healthcare personnel in interprofessional collaborations: A study in two “type c” hospitals in East Java
Authors: Wahyuni Khurin In , Nita Yunita , Zairina Elida
Published: October 2023

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) describes Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) as a comprehensive service provided by several health workers from different professional backgrounds, collaborating with patients, families and communities to provide quality services.    
Objective: To investigate the relationship between professions, gender, length of employment and age with IPC.    
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two type C hospitals in East Java from June to July, 2022. The total sampling technique used involved doctors, pharmacists, nurses and nutritionists. Informed consent was given to all study participants. The Collaborative Practice Assessment Tool (CPAT) questionnaire used a five-point Likert scale which comprising eight domains.    
Results: From the lowest average results for each domain, significant differences were found in the education group with the domain "team relations with the community, namely the pharmacist profession".     
Conclusion: Doctors, pharmacists, nurses and nutritionists have different levels of IPC perception in eight domains but there were no significant differences.
Factors that contribute to blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Achmad Gusti Noorrizka Veronika , Yufria Lea Nanda , Rahem Abdul , Pristianty Liza
Published: October 2023

Background: Diabetes needs to be well controlled so as not to cause acute and chronic complications. Therefore, it is necessary to comply with regimen therapy and control diet and physical exercise.    
Objective: This study aimed to assess the contribution of medication adherence and nonpharmacological therapy adherence, as well as other factors affecting blood sugar control.    
Method: This study involved 76 type 2 diabetic patients from a Community Health Center in East Surabaya. Medication adherence was measured with an ARMS questionnaire and pill count, while nonpharmacological therapy was measured with a self-developed questionnaire.    
Result: The majority of respondents have uncontrolled blood sugar levels, were not compliant with treatment both as measured by ARMS and by the pill count method, and are not compliant with nonpharmacological therapy with the following frequencies: 85.5% (n=65), 92.1% (n=70), 57.9% (n=44), 98.7% (n=75). The results of multiple correlation tests showed that age, duration of treatment, adherence to treatment with the ARMS method and the pill count method, and adherence to nonpharmacological therapy simultaneously affected blood sugar control by 72.7%.     
Conclusion: Factors that simultaneously determine poor blood sugar control are age, duration of diabetes therapy, non-adherence to treatment, and non-adherence to nonpharmacological therapy.
Chemoinformatics approach to the screening and development of quassinoids from Brucea javanica as antituberculosis drugs
Authors: Nurhan Ahmad Dzulfikri , Sulistyowaty Melanny Ika , Ekowati Juni
Published: October 2023

Background: The morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis (TB) remain high in various countries as a result of pharmacological intervention failures, such as incomplete treatment regimens and inadequate doses, triggering resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains to anti-TB drugs used. This phenomenon requires innovation to explore and develop novel anti-TB drugs so that the problem of resistance is overcome and treatment of TB is more optimal.    
Objective: In this study, chemoinformatics investigations were carried out on quassinoids derived from Brucea javanica to be developed as anti-TB drugs.    
Method: Evaluation of drug-likeness with the SwissADME online tool, prediction of toxicity with the pkCSM online tool, and molecular docking studies with AutoDock Vina software were performed on 18 quassinoids from Brucea javanica.    
Result: The findings showed that Bruceine A, Bruceine, and Bruceine D, met the drug-likeness criteria, showed a good toxicity profile, and had better binding energy (-7.5; -7.5; and -7 kcal/mol, respectively) than isoniazid (-5.8 kcal/mol) which is a first-line anti-TB drug on enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA; PDB ID: 2NSD).    
Conclusion: This study found several quassinoids from Brucea javanica with the potential to be developed as anti-TB drugs.
Patient’s perception of the image of community pharmacists
Authors: Ismail Hasan , Athijah Umi , Hidayat Widi , Rahem Abdul
Published: October 2023

Background: Patients' understanding of the pharmacists’ role is needed to create a positive image so that it is easier for pharmacists to make patients understand the use of drugs.    
Objective: This study aimed to assess the public perception of the image of pharmacists in providing services to patients.   
Method: An observational study was conducted on fifty-three (53) respondents who received pharmaceutical services directly from pharmacists at the pharmacies in East Java. The research variable was the pharmacists' image which is measured through competence, ethics, communication skills, and emotional intelligence based on the perception of the patient.    
Result: The majority of pharmacists had good ratings for their competence and ethics (96%), and most of the pharmacists were perceived to have good communication skills and emotional intelligence (92% and 79% respectively).    
Conclusion: The pharmacists' images, according to the patients' perception were in the “good” category, although there is a need to be an increase in emotional intelligence.
Pregnant women behaviours in early detection of preeclampsia warning signs based on health belief model: A structural equal modelling analysis
Authors: Santi Dwi Rukma , Suminar Dewi Retno , Devy Shrimarti Rukmini , Mahmudah
Published: October 2023

Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication that frequently arises during the second trimester, typically after 20 weeks of pregnancy, requiring increased awareness and vigilance.
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse factors affecting pregnant women’s behaviours in early detection of warning signs of preeclampsia (PE) based on the health belief model.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted, with 225 respondents as research subjects in Tuban Regency.  The sampling technique used was stratified random sampling. Data analysis employed structural equal modelling.
Results: The results demonstrated that sociodemographic factors had an indirect pathway toward detection behaviours of the PE warning signs through perceived susceptibility/severity and perceived barrier. Health belief factors, including perceived susceptibility/severity, perceived threat, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, and perceived self-efficacy, had direct pathways toward detection behaviours of the PE warning signs.  Cues to action had both direct and indirect pathways toward detection behaviours of the PE warning signs.
Conclusion: Improvement of promotion efforts and comprehensive health education by incorporating cognitive, physiological, and psychosocial beliefs were immensely required to enhance better detection behaviours.
Análise do nível de sonolência e qualidade de sono em praticantes de natação e desistentes
Authors: Silva Vitória Oliveira Silva da , Cesconeto Jéssica Silvestre , Silva Luciano Acordi da
Published: October 2023

Continuar na prática habitual de atividade física como a natação, pode representar uma estratégia válida para manutenção da qualidade de sono desses indivíduos ativos.Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o nível de sonolência e sono em sujeitos praticantes de natação e desistentes, em tempos de COVID-19. A amostra foi composta de 22 adultos, com faixa etária de idade entre 31 a 45 anos, sendo separados em grupo praticantes (n=12) de natação e grupo desistentes (n=10). Os resultados apontaram que sujeitos praticantes de natação, durante a pandemia de COVID-19, apresentaram menores níveis de sonolência (6,44±2,35 escores) e melhor de sono (4,44±0,75 escores) quando comparado com sujeitos desistentes (11±2,31escores; 9.22±2,05 escores). Em relação ao percentual, observaram-se uma diferença nos níveis de 41% na sonolência e 51% no sono de sujeitos praticantes, quando comparados com desistentes. Conclui-se que os praticantes de natação que permaneceram ativos durante a pandemia, apresentam melhores níveis de sono e sonolência do que desistentes.
Análise da síndrome de adaptação geral no entendimento da carga de treino de Matveev
Authors: Marques Junior Nelson Kautzner
Published: October 2023

A síndrome de adaptação geral (SAG) pode ser definida como as respostas fisiológicas do atleta por causa do estresse da carga de treino que provocam adaptações a esse estímulo, mas se essa carga continuar a ser executada pode ocasionar a fadiga. O objetivo do ensaio foi explicar o motivo que Matveev nunca usou a SAG na carga ondulada. A periodização de Matveev utiliza com mais frequência a carga ondulada para o atleta aguentar o estímulo das sessões. A SAG foi estudada por Selye, ela é composta pela reação de alarme, fase de resistência e fase de exaustão. Um dos primeiros a utilizar a SAG para entender o efeito da carga no organismo do atleta foi Prokop em 1959. Então, a partir desse momento, a SAG foi difundida na literatura do treinamento esportivo e foi atribuída a Matveev que ele usou essa teoria para explicar o efeito da ondulação da carga no atleta. Mas Matveev nunca usou a SAG para fundamentar cientificamente a carga ondulada. Matveev fez dois questionamentos sobre esse conteúdo: 1º a SAG não pode ser conteúdo teórico da sua periodização porque ela foi estudada no estresse baseada na patologia e 2º, nela não está inserido o volume e a intensidade tornando inadequado essa teoria para fundamentar a carga da sua periodização. Em conclusão, os mecanismos fisiológicos da SAG foram estudados principalmente em ratos, e não em humanos, tornando interessante dos cientistas do esporte de estudar a SAG no atleta durante a carga ondulada de Matveev.
Conectividade e funções neurais da amígdala no transtorno do espectro autista
Authors: Cruz Gleide Neves , Silva André Ribeiro da , Barros Jônatas de França , Soares Jitone Leônidas , Hora Verônica Santos da , Ferreira Vânia Maria Moraes
Published: October 2023

A amígdala é uma estrutura do cérebro que desempenha um papel importante na regulação emocional e social. Em indivíduos com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA), a amígdala pode ter algumas diferenças estruturais e funcionais em comparação com indivíduos neurotípicos. O objetivo do estudo foi reunir os aspectos do conhecimento atual sobre as diferenças morfológicas e funcionais da amígdala associadas às alterações neurofuncionais que afetam a cognição das pessoas no TEA. Foi feita uma revisão integrativa da literatura, a partir de 9 artigos publicados nas bases da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online (SCIELO), National Library of Medicine (PubMed) e The Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (Mental Health) a partir de pesquisas realizadas entre 2016 a 2022. As pesquisas sugerem que a amígdala em autistas pode estar hiperativa em situações sociais, o que pode levar a uma maior ansiedade e dificuldades na interação social. Além disso, a amígdala pode estar menos conectada com outras regiões do cérebro que estão envolvidas na compreensão de emoções e processamento social. Essas diferenças na função da amígdala podem contribuir muito para as características do autismo, incluindo dificuldades na comunicação social e interação, bem como comportamentos repetitivos e restritivos. No entanto, mais pesquisas são necessárias para entender completamente como a função da amígdala está relacionada com o autismo e como essas diferenças podem ser tratadas, planejadas e implementadas pelos profissionais da saúde e educação de forma eficaz.
Análisis técnico de acciones motrices en jóvenes taekwondoines: Campeonato Brasileño 2019
Authors: Kleszezuk Pedro Alencar , Borges Gustavo André
Published: October 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las técnicas de acciones motrices (golpes) de deportistas juveniles de taekwondo (TKD) en el campeonato brasileño 2019. Se analizaron doce combates, con 24 atletas juveniles masculinos, entre 15 y 17 años, en categoría pesado. Todos los combates fueron analizados a través de video, durante el Campeonato Brasileño de TKD, en agosto de 2019. Se analizaron los golpes de patadas básicas y circulares y golpes de puño y el tiempo de preparación (posición de guardia) y pelea. Como resultado, el tiempo de preparación fue de más del 59,3% del tiempo de combate. Todas las acciones motrices registradas ocurrieron en promedio en 48,8 segundos (40,7%). Cada deportista realizó un promedio de 22 golpes por combate. El mayor número de golpes ocurrió en la segunda vuelta y con un aumento en la diversidad de golpes. Las patadas frontales representaron el 92,4% del total de golpes durante el combate. Bandal Tchagui fue el golpe de combate más frecuente, con una media de 11,5±5,48 patadas por combate, seguida de Yop Tchagui (5,2±3,97) y Tolyo Tchagui (3,0±1,68), como las patadas más frecuentes. Las patadas circulares representaron menos acciones por combate (0,17±0,48). No hubo diferencias en los golpes entre las vueltas, sin embargo, en la segunda vuelta se observó un aumento del 12,9% del total de golpes, ocurriendo el 48,5% de estas acciones entre patadas circulares y golpes de puño, lo que indica un intento de obtener una puntuación más significativa con el uso de golpes de lucha más complejos.
Comparação de hábitos relacionados às atividades laborais antes e durante a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Frantz Marina Ziegler , Pilling Betiane Moreira , Candotti Cláudia Tarragô , Santos Ingrid Claudia Pereira dos , Giendruczak Paula Andryelly Gomes
Published: October 2023

As atividades laborais têm influência nos hábitos comportamentais e posturais, como também na prática de atividade física dos indivíduos. A pandemia do COVID-19 alterou rotinas e estilo de vida da população. Esse estudo objetiva comparar os hábitos de vida relacionados às atividades laborais antes e durante a pandemia da COVID-19. A amostra foi composta de 50 indivíduos no Grupo Pré-Pandemia (GPP) e 50 no Grupo Pandemia (GP) que preencheram o questionário BackPEI-A. Foram analisadas as questões: postura sentada na mesa, postura sentada na cadeira, postura para utilizar o computador, postura ao dormir, tempo utilizando o computador, tempo de sono, costume de estudar na cama, prática e frequência de exercícios físicos. A comparação entre os grupos foi realizada com os testes Exato de Fisher, Qui-quadrado, Mann-Whitney e t de Student. No GP houve aumento da adoção de uma postura inadequada ao sentar, ao utilizar o computador e ao dormir; e aumento no tempo de uso do computador, de sono e no hábito de estudar na cama. Ainda, no GP houve um leve aumento de adeptos à prática de exercícios físicos. Conclui-se que a pandemia da COVID-19 impactou de forma negativa em alguns hábitos de vida relacionados às atividades laborais dos indivíduos, quando comparados os grupos GPP e GP.
Experimental study on Partial Replacement of Cement by Granite Powder
Authors: Krishnaraj V  , Mruthun J  , Nesanth R  , Kamalesh S
Published: October 2023

The usage of cement has expanded significantly as a result of daily advancements and development in the construction industry, and the amount of solid debris generated during construction demolition has also increased significantly. These factors led to the reuse of destroyed construction waste like granite powder, which helped to minimize both the amount of solid waste produced and the shortage of cement needed to make concrete. Waste generated from the manufacturing facility of granite powder also results from the destruction of buildings. According to studies, 20–30% of the material prepared in powder production plants ends up as waste. Due to the limited supply of cement, it should be necessary to make use of this waste material in order to manage building wastes. In place of cement, crushed waste granite powders are used. 0%, 30%, 35%, 40%, and 45% of the cement was substituted with crushed granite waste powder. Concrete of the M25 grade has been developed and tested. By substituting different percentages of crushed powder for cement, several mix designs for various sorts of mixes were created. Following completion of the 7, 14, and 28-day curing periods, experimental studies were conducted to determine the workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of various concrete mixes containing various percentages of crushed trash. It has been found that as the percentage of crushed powder replacement increases, so does the workability. Additionally, the fine granite powder boosts concrete strength by up to 35% percentage.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACIVITY OF SUBSTITUTED 2-AMINOBENZOTHIAZOLE
Authors: Harshawati B Kalantri  , Pravin B Raghuwanshi  , Mrunal M Mahajan
Published: October 2023

Heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives have gained popularity due to their prominent medicinal importance, as well as in organic chemistry. The versatile and synthetically accessible 2-aminobenzothiazole scaffolds have the all-round character for multiple applications obviously because they are synthetically accessible. Benzothiazole is a representative class of sulfur containing heterocyclics. Four substituted 2-aminobenzothaizoles were prepared from ammonium thiocyanate and substituted aniline in presence of HCl and ethanol by conventional method. The substituted products were characterized through IR, NMR and Mass spectroscopic methods. The synthesized compounds like substituted 2-aminobenzothiazoles and their derivatives studied for the MIC value by dissolving in ethanol. The effect of electron withdrawing and donating group was studying using serial dilution method.
Amorf Polimerler
Authors: KILINÇ Özge , TOPLAN Nil
Published: October 2023

Amorf polimerler, moleküllerin düzenli ve yapılandırılmış bir düzenlemesine sahip olan kristalli polimerlerin aksine, rastgele ve düzensiz bir molekül düzenlemesine sahiptir. Amorf polimerler, kristal bir yapıya sahip olmadıklarından daha esneklerdir. Bu malzemeler grubu şeffaflık, esneklik ve darbe direncinin önemli olduğu uygulamalarda kullanılmaktadır. Kristal yapıya sahip olmadıkları için ışığı dağıtmazlar, bu da onları lensler veya ekranlar gibi optik netliğin önemli olduğu uygulamalarda kullanım için ideal kılmaktadır. Amorf polimerlerin yapı eksiklikleri, işlemede tekdüzelik elde etmeyi zorlaştırabileceğinden, işlenmeleri kristal polimerlere göre daha zor olabilmektedir. Ayrıca kristal polimerlerden daha düşük erime noktalarına sahip olduklarından yüksek sıcaklıklarda deformasyona veya erimeye karşı daha duyarlıdırlar. Teknoloji ilerledikçe ve yeni malzemeler geliştirildikçe, amorf polimerler, ambalajdan elektroniğe ve tıbbi cihazlara kadar uzanan endüstrilerde büyük olasılıkla önemli rol oynamaya devam edecektir. Bu makale kapsamında amorf ve kristalin polimerlerin yapısı ve çeşitleri araştırılmış, kıyaslamalı bir şekilde polimerlerdeki amorf ve kristalin düzen incelenmiş, polimerlerin genel olarak sınıflandırılması yapılmış ve fiziksel özelliklerine de yer verilmiştir.
The Cost of Food Crime Phase 2 - Project Brief and Deliverables
Authors: Cox Adam , Shepherd David , Jack Lisa , Miller Gerald , Smart Edward , Button Mark , Wohlschlegel Ansgar ,   University of Portsmouth,   University of Swansea,   FoodChainID
Published: October 2023

This research – Phase 2 – will draw on findings and outputs from Phase 1, Cox et al. (2020)(footnote 1). The aim for phase 2 will be to build on Phase 1 using its outputs and methods to produce monetised estimates pertaining to the cost of food crime The overarching aim of this research is to produce robust estimates of the cost of food crime on UK society that uses a bottom-up approach; identifying costs to individuals, businesses and government. The research in itself can be considered ground-breaking in that current estimates of the cost of food crime are based on high level estimates and proxy numbers. The exact outputs will depend on the methodology decided upon by the contractor of the work, however the deliverables expected are as follows: i) A bespoke, self-contained database containing all data that is used in the case studies. This should be easily updatable and accessible to all users. ii) Extrapolated estimates of the total economic cost of food crime, along with sensitivity tests. iii) Manuals for both the database and model. iv) A report including the results, as well as the assumptions made and where improvements may be possible as more data and data sourcing techniques become available in the future. v) PowerPoint presentation summarising the results of the project, as well as how they have been constructed. vi) As part of the conceptual framework developed in phase 1, the total cost was broken down into individual cost areas and methods of calculating these costs were suggested. vii) Both the database and model will need to be updateable, such that pending improvements in data collection or changes in economic conditions can be reflected in the framework accordingly.
Toward quantitative Raman spectroscopy
Authors:   National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, College of Science, Taiwan, Witek Henryk A. , Raj Ankit ,   National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, College of Science, Taiwan, Chao Yen-Bang ,   National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, College of Science, Taiwan
Published: October 2023

Raman spectra recorded using various Raman spectrometers can be quite different. The main reason for those discrepancies is the lack of a consistent calibration scheme. Our work over the past few years was devoted to finding a universal absolute calibration scheme of Raman apparatuses that would allow us to report consistent Raman spectra of molecules with an absolute intensity scale. The reported scheme is based on a carefully designed home-built Raman spectrometer, for which the conceivable sources of experimental errors have been included in the analysis, and hence eliminated. The experimental rotational and rovibrational Raman spectra of various isotopologues of molecular hydrogen (H2, HD, and D2) recorded on our apparatus are then compared to very accurate, state-of-the-art calculations of Raman cross-sections, and the comparison is used to design the final correction to the Raman intensity scale of our apparatus. The Raman spectrometer calibrated in this way is subsequently used to measure standardized Raman spectra of organic molecules, which can serve as benchmarks in the calibration of the plethora of Raman spectrometers used in chemical laboratories. Most of the experimental details of our work were already published previously (for detailed information, see the attached reference list); the current contribution focuses on theoretical aspects of our work.
Bacteria in drinking and bathing mineral waters of Serbia with polymer-degrading potential
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Serbia, Ciric Milica , Šaraba Vladimir ,   University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Serbia, Budin Clémence ,   Microlife Solutions, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, de Boer Tjalf ,   Microlife Solutions, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Milovanovic Jelena ,   University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Serbia, Nikodinovic-Runic Jasmina ,   University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Serbia
Published: October 2023

Three mineral water occurrences, captured by wells with a depth of 6.5-442.5 m and used for drinking and bathing purposes, were sampled and cultivated under conditions favouring the growth of anaerobic, microaerophilic or CO2 bacteria, in order to capture predominantly anaerobic portion of the bacteriome, which is dominant in water and soils. Cultivated bacteria were identified by next-generation 16S sequencing and their biotechnological potential in plastics and lignocellulose degradation was explored. Most abundant genera detected in examined samples mainly belong to facultative anaerobes that are common representatives of water and soil environments. In total, 17 genera were detected with a relative abundance over 1% in all three samples, including Aeromonas, Exiguobacterium, Comamonas and Acinetobacter. Half of the screened isolates demonstrated growth on at least one plastic or lignocellulosic polymer, with one isolate demonstrating growth on all tested substrates, one demonstrating carboxymethyl cellulose- and one arabinoxylan-degrading ability. Some of the representatives of genera identified with high relative abundance in mineral water samples, such as Aeromonas, Klebsiella, Escherichia, Salmonella, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus, have been previously documented to have pathogenic potential. Due to the use of investigated mineral waters for drinking and bathing, the health risk from such bacteria in these occurrences needs to be continuously monitored, while, on the other hand, mineral waters deserve special attention in the future from the aspect of screening for biotechnologically relevant enzymes.
Transformational Leadership on Performance with Locus of Control as Moderating
Authors: Zacharias Tehubijuluw , Laurens Samson
Published: October 2023

This study aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership on performance with locus of control as moderating of Bappeda employees of Maluku Province. This study uses a descriptive-quantitative approach with a causal correlation type. The research was conducted at Bappeda Maluku Province. The population used in this study were all employees at the Bappeda of Maluku Province, consisting of 86 people. Determining the number of samples is based on the sample table developed by Issac and Michael, where if the population is 86 people, then at a 5% confidence level, the number of samples is determined as many as 79 people. Data were analyzed using path analysis.The results of the study concluded that (1) transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Bappeda Maluku Province employees, (2) transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on the locus of control of Bappeda employees in Maluku Province, (3) locus of control has a positive and significant effect on performance Maluku Province Bappeda employees, (4) transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on performance through locus of control Maluku Province Bappeda employees.
A Study of Factors that Influence Intention to Use Telemedicine Applications in the Era of Post Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Mizana Hafizhul , Octavia Jenny , Veronica Simanjuntak Maria , T Wijonarko Pradith , Triani Rita
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted to get some insights into what factors influence individual behavior to use telemedicine applications post-COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Some studies were done previously during the COVID-19 pandemic era; however, as we moved to the new era post covid-19 pandemic, it would be interesting to find the answers. The research method was the quantitative approach. Survey to total 746 respondents spread throughout Indonesia were conducted, but 620 valid responses were collected to analyse user behavior towards the of telemedicine applications. Findings – The findings indicated that intention to use telemedicine application post COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia was jointly predicted and explained 64.8% by performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition, hedonic motivation, price values, habit, perceived security and reliability. The result also revealed that three variables which are performance expectancy, habit, perceived security and reliability have strong positive correlations and significant influence on individual behavior towards the use of telemedicine. Respondents were collected randomly from some areas, meanwhile Indonesia is a large country, consists of more than 10,000 islands. The result may be applicable only in some places. Based on the findings, it is important for healthcare professionals or those who have interest in the telemedicine industry to carefully look at three key factors related to improve performance expectancy, build users habit, and ensuring security and reliability in order to drive individuals' behavior to use telemedicine application in Indonesia. This study is using modified UTAUT2 model to assess individual behavior towards use of telemedicine application post covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia.
ETIOTROPIC THERAPY OF MILD COVID-19 IN OUTPATIENT PATIENTS: MOLNUPIRAVIR IS IN FOCUS
Authors: Balykova Larisa A. , Pshenichnaya Natalia Yu. , Omarova Khadizhat G. , Pushkar Dmitrii Yu. , Zaslavskaia Kira Ya. , Zemskov Dmitrii N. , Taganov Aleksei V. , Belyi Petr A. , Gorelov Aleksandr V. , Kozlov Evgenii D. , Shepeleva Olga I. , Prekina Valentina I. , Semenova Elena V.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the drug Molnupiravir in adult outpatients with mild Covid–19. Materials and methods. A randomized comparative open clinical trial of Molnupiravir (800 mg twice daily for 5 days in addition to symptomatic/pathogenetic therapy) was conducted in confirmed COVID-19 in comparison with a standard therapy. 240 patients (average age – 43.5 years; 70% had risk factors) were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to the Molnupiravir group and the standard therapy group. Clinical efficacy was assessed based on the analysis of the patient's daily diary, physical examination data and SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the smear from the oropharynx and nasopharynx. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with the transition of COVID-19 course to a more severe degree relative to the initial state 2 weeks after the onset of the disease. Significance was assessed using a two-sided version of the Fisher Exact test. Results. Molnupiravir: a) reduced the risk of disease progression by 4 times by the 14th –15th day of follow-up, compared with the risk in the control group (2.5% and 10% of patients, respectively, p = 0.0149); b) accelerated virus elimination by the 6th – 7th day of follow-up (71.67% vs. 58.33%, respectively); c) accelerated clinical recovery (which by day 6-7 had 19% of patients in the Molnupiravir group, and 6% of patients on standard therapy); d) reduced the frequency and severity of COVID-19 symptoms: cough, ageusia. The incidence of adverse events in the study participants was comparable. Conclusions. Molnupiravir administration reduces the risk of COVID-19 progression to a severe course, reduces the severity of COVID-19 clinical manifestations, probably by accelerating the virus elimination. The data obtained indicate feasibility of using Molnupiravir for COVID-19 treatment on an outpatient basis.