bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etiology of Symptomatic Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Anyimba Solomon K. , Nnabugwu Ikenna I. , Onuh Augustine C.
Published: March 2022

Background:

The causes of upper urinary tract (UUT) obstruction vary from one geographical location to another, and across gender and age. Similarly, the site of obstruction along the ureter varies with the nature of the obstructing lesion. Data in this regard from southeast Nigeria are deficient.

Objective:

To determine the causes of symptomatic UUT obstruction in southeast Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

The medical records of individuals with confirmed UUT obstruction presenting from January 2011 to November 2017 were reviewed for information on the cause and location of obstruction. In addition, the pattern of the obstructions caused by UUT stones was compared across the gender and age of individuals. All statistical analyses were done using SPSS® version 21.

Results:

The medical reports of 267 individuals are included for analysis. Overall, urinary stone is the most prevalent cause of UUT obstruction, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.25. From 50 years of age onward, obstructing UUT stones are commoner in females (χ2 = 5.03; P = 0.03). In addition, obstructing UUT stones are more common on the right (55.1%) and in the upper ureter (48.9%) in univariate analyses. Congenital pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction is observed to be the most prevalent congenital cause of UUT obstruction. Uterine fibroids in females and advanced prostate cancer in males are also notable causes of ureteric obstruction.

Conclusion:

Beyond urinary stone and congenitally defective PUJ, uterine fibroids and prostate cancer are other notable causes of ureteric obstruction in southeast Nigeria.
Eye Health Status of Government Employed Drivers in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Asimadu Ifeoma Nwabuogo
Published: March 2022

Background:

Driving requires good vision for safe and effective execution. Eye examination is required before issuance of drivers’ license, but seldom conducted.

Aim:

The study aimed to evaluate the visual status of drivers in the Enugu state government house and to determine the adequacy of their vision for the job.

Materials and Methods:

Case files of drivers working in the government house that came for eye check in May 2015, at Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Teaching hospital were retrieved. Sociodemographic data, relevant history, and clinical ophthalmic findings were reviewed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done using the Epi-info (version 7.2.4.0). A value of P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Fifty drivers’ case files were selected, of which 47 (94%) had complete information and 3 (6%) case files were grossly inadequate and were thus discarded. All were men aged 27–59 years. The mean age was 49.787 ± 7.3 years. Three (6%) underwent a visual test before obtaining their first drivers’ license. None had a comprehensive eye examination at employment. Eye tests are not regularly conducted. Forty-one (87.23%) had mild, 4 (8.51%) moderate, and 2 (4.26%) had severe visual impairment. Refractive errors accounted for 76.60% of ocular morbidities. Thirty-five (81.40%) of the 43 (91.49%) drivers who were above 40 years had presbyopia. Four (8.51%) were below 40 years, and only one was presbyopic (odds ratio [OR] 11.333; 95%; confidence interval [CI] 1.049–122.393; P = 0.0459). Glaucoma accounted for 10.64%. Esterman’s efficiency score showed 91.49% with scores of 96–100.

Conclusion:

Uncorrected refractive errors were quite common among the drivers. Periodic eye tests should be performed on drivers. This should be enforced to ensure safer road travel.
Health-related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and People without Diabetes at a Tertiary Hospital in Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Okpuruka Perpetua O. U. , Anarado Agnes N. , Nwonu Eunice , Chinweuba Anthonia , Ogbonnaya Ngozi P. , Opara Hope C. , Anetekhai Chinenye J.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL), a patient-sensitive outcome globally, has become the clinician’s primary goal of care. Evidence suggests that diabetes mellitus (DM) and its treatment/care impair patients’ HRQOL, which varies depending on patient population/factors. Diabetics’ HRQOL in South-South Nigeria is largely unknown.

Objectives:

This study assessed and compared the HRQOL of patients with type 2 diabetes attending the outpatient diabetic clinic at a tertiary hospital in Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, South-South Nigeria with age-/gender-matched nondiabetics living within the same environment.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive cross-sectional comparative study recruited 200 respondents, respectively those with type 2 diabetes (cases) and nondiabetics (controls). Data were collected by using the World Health Organization Quality of Life–BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics at P≤ 0.05 level of significance.

Results:

The two groups (200 each) had no significant differences (P = 0.35 - P = 0.98) in terms of their demographic variables. The diabetic group mean scores were significantly (P = 0.00) lower than that of the non-diabetics in terms of WHOQOL-BREF overall, health satisfaction, physical, psychological, and social domains. Diabetics with tertiary education (58%) had a significantly higher mean score (P = 0.012) in terms of overall WHOQOL-BREF than those with secondary and primary education (42%). Ninety-two patients (46%) with diabetes had comorbidities that increased significantly with age (P = 0.00) and expressed less satisfaction with their health (P = 0.04).

Conclusion:

Patients with diabetes had lower HRQOL scores than non-diabetics, implying the negative impact of diabetes and its treatment/care on their life. Diabetics’ HRQOL should be routinely evaluated and enhanced by empowering diabetic self-care activities that aid diabetes control and retard complications.
Bloody Nipple Discharge in a 5-Month-Old Female
Authors: Garba Maria Ahuoiza , Akau Stephen Kache , Laila Hassan
Published: March 2022

Mammary ductal ectasia (MDE) is both rare and benign in children. Less than 50 cases have so far been reported in the literature. It often presents as bloody nipple discharge (BND) and results in significant parental anxiety. Although mostly thought to be developmental in origin, the practice of pressing breast swellings in neonates and infants could potentially predispose the breast tissues to infection. Lack of awareness of MDE among healthcare providers may result in unnecessary, expensive, and even invasive investigations. We report a case of MDE presenting as BND and subclinical mastitis in a 5-month-old girl.
Pre-operative Lipid Profile of Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Njoku Paschal O. , Meka Ijeoma A. , Mbadiwe Nkeiruka
Published: March 2022

Background:

Dyslipidemia is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Different schools of thought hold different opinions regarding the use of statins in the perioperative period for cardiac surgery patients. There seems not to be a consensus yet on when to commence statin therapy for cardiac surgery patients not yet on treatment for dyslipidemia, but the beneficial effects of dyslipidemia management are not in doubt.

Objectives:

The objective was to characterize the pattern of dyslipidemia and atherogenic indices present in cardiac surgery patients.

Materials and Methods:

The study was a retrospective record review of patients who presented for open heart surgery between 2013 and 2017. Results of pre-operative lipid profile of patients were extracted and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Atherogenic risk was determined using three different risk ratios: atherogenic plasma index and Castelli’s risk indices-I and II.

Results:

The study included a total of 51 adult patients with the age range 18–75 years and male: female ratio of 1:1.4. Dyslipidemia observed in participants was majorly in the form of low high-density lipoprotein 24 (49.0%) and elevated low-density lipoprotein 11 (22.5%). Using atherogenic plasma index, more than one-quarter of participants 15 (30.6%) were found to be in the high- and medium-risk groups.

Conclusion:

Incidental findings of dyslipidemia made in this group of patients have its associated health implications. Hence, it buttresses the importance of assessing for and adequate management of the medical condition, particularly in a group of patients already burdened with CVD.
NOTTO Guidelines for Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia in Organ Donation and Transplantation
Authors: Kute Vivek B. , Asthana Sonal , Gupta Subhash , Agarwal Sanjay K. , Guditi Swarnalatha , Sahay Manisha , Pal Sujoy , Sudhindran S. , Sharma Ashish , Seth Sandeep , Krishna Gokhale Alla Gopala , Hote Milind Dhahir , Chaudhury Arpita Ray , Soin Arvinder Singh , Rela Mohamed , Malhotra Rajesh , Bansal Virinder K. , Rana Devinder Singh , Sahai Rajneesh , Ramesh Vasanthi
Published: March 2022

From the context of organ donation, COVID-19 vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is important as there is an ethical dilemma in utilizing versus discarding organs from potential donors succumbing to VITT. This consensus statement is an attempt by the National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization (NOTTO) apex technical committees, India, to formulate the guidelines for deceased organ donation and transplantation in relation to VITT to help in appropriate decision-making. VITT is a rare entity, but a meticulous approach should be taken by the organ procurement organization's (OPO) team in screening such cases. All such cases must be strictly notified to the national authorities (NOTTO) as a resource for data collection and ensuring compliance with protocols in the management of adverse events following immunization. Organs from any patient who developed thrombotic events up to 4 weeks after adenoviral vector-based vaccination should be considered to be linked to VITT and investigated appropriately. The viability of the organs must be thoroughly checked by the OPO, and the final decision in relation to organ use should be decided by the expert committee of the OPO team consisting of a virologist, a hematologist, and a treating team. Considering the organ shortage, in case of suspected/confirmed VITT, both clinicians and patients should consider the risk[FIGURE DASH]benefit equation based on limited experience. An appropriate written informed consent of potential recipients and family members should be obtained before the transplantation of organs from suspected or proven VITT donors.
Pharmacometrics Approaches and its Applications in Diabetes
Authors: Aziz Sohail , Harun Sabariah Noor , Sulaiman Syed Azhar Syed , Ghadzi Siti Maisharah Sheikh
Published: March 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent and progressive in nature. As the time progress, the multifaceted complications and comorbidities associated to diabetes worsen in the form of macrovascular or microvascular or both. Pharmacometrics modeling is a step forward in minimizing the risk or at least understanding the factors associated to its progression with the passage of time. These models investigate diabetes treatments effects and the progression factors with different viewpoints incorporating insulin-glucose dynamics, dose-response and pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics relationships. Pharmacometrics modeling is an innovative approach in a sense that it is taking us away from the conventional analysis by providing all the opportunities in improving the decision-making in health sector. It has been suggested that we can achieve greater statistical power for determining drug effects through model-based evaluation than through traditional evaluations. The main aim of this review was to evaluate pharmacometrics approaches used in modeling diabetes progression through time and also the integrated models describing glucose-insulin dynamics.
Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Potential of an Isolated Hydroalcoholic Fraction from the Fruit of Withania coagulans
Authors: Waris Md. , Shahzad Naiyer , Al-Ghamdi Saeed Saeed , Mir Showkat Rasool , Tanuja
Published: March 2022

The hydro-alcoholic extract of Withania coagulans fruits was investigated for preliminary phytochemical screening and characterized by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Column chromatography of the hydro-alcoholic extract of W. coagulans eluted with four different combinations of ethyl acetate and methanol yielded four fractions (WCF01, WCF02, WCF03, and WCF04). One of these fractions, WCF02, significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity with IC50 values of 104.71 μg/mL and 70.79 μg/mL, respectively. WCF02 further reduced blood glucose levels in comparison to control in the starch tolerance test. The extract showed a relative dose-dependent effect. It was observed that none of the extracts could delay the peak blood glucose that was achieved after 60 min of carbohydrate challenge, but these blunted the glycemic peak.
Development of Hif1a Pharmacogenomic Mutation Models to Study Individual Variations in Drug Action for Tumor Hypoxia
Authors: Balasubramaniam Vaisali , Namboori P. K. Krishnan
Published: March 2022

Objective:

Tumor hypoxia, a predominant feature of solid tumor produces drug resistance that significantly impacts a patient's clinical outcomes. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α) is the major mutation involved in establishing the microenvironment. As a consequence of its involvement in pathways that enable rapid tumor growth, it creates resistance to chemotherapeutic treatments. The propensity of medications to demonstrate drug action often diverges according to the genetic composition. The aim of this study is therefore to examine the effect of population-dependent drug response variations using mutation models.

Methods:

Genetic variations distinctive to major super-populations were identified, and the mutated gene was acquired as a result of incorporating the variants. The mutated gene sequence was transcribed and translated to obtain the target amino acid sequence. To investigate the effects of mutations, protein models were developed using homology modeling. The target templates for the backbone structure were identified by characterization of primary and secondary protein structures. The modeled proteins were then validated for structural confirmation and flexibility. Potential models were used for interaction studies with hypoxia-specific molecules (tirapazamine, apaziquone, and ENMD) using docking analysis. To verify their stability under pre-defined dynamic conditions, the complexes were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation.

Results:

The current research models demonstrate with the pharmacogenomic-based mutation of HIF1α the impact of individual variants in altering the person-specific drug response under tumor hypoxic conditions. It also elucidates that the therapeutic effect is altered concerning population-dependent genetic changes in the individual.

Conclusion:

The study, therefore, asserts the need to set up a personalized drug design approach to enhance tumor hypoxia treatment efficacy.
Melatonin prevents the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in sleep-restricted mice by improving oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation
Authors: Wang Tie , Wang Zixu , Cao Jing , Dong Yulan , Chen Yaoxing
Published: March 2022

Background:

Intestinal inflammation caused by sleep restriction (SR) threatens human health. However, radical cure of intestinal inflammatory conditions is considerably difficult. This study focuses on the effect of melatonin on SR-induced intestinal inflammation and microbiota imbalance in mice.

Methods:

We successfully established a water platform to induce long-term SR in mice for 28 days with or without melatonin supplementation. The SR-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory changes were evaluated in plasma and jejunum tissue samples using in vitro assays. Additionally, changes in the intestinal microbiota were explored using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.

Results:

After 20 h of chronic sleep restriction for 28 consecutive days, plasma melatonin was significantly reduced by 48.91% (P < 0.05), while GLU, NE, and CORT were significantly increased (34.32%–90.28%, P < 0.05). The activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT) and T-AOC in intestinal tissues of SR mice were decreased (17.02%–40.92%, P < 0.05), while the content of MDA was increased (15.12%, P = 0.0089). The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) ware increased (65.27%–123.26%, P < 0.05), while the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and IFN-γ) were decreased (26.53%–60.41%, P < 0.05). High-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA from jejunum samples demonstrated an overall increase in the number of OTUs (30.68%, P = 0.015). The α-diversity (Shannon, ACE and Chao1) of jejunum was increased (28.18%–48.95%, P < 0.05), and the β-diversity (PCoA and NMDS) was significantly different from that of the control group (P = 0.001). Furthermore, the prevalences of Helicobacter and Clostridium were higher, whereas that of Bacteroidetes and Lactobacillus were lower in SR mice than in controls (P < 0.05). However, melatonin supplementation reversed the SR-induced changes and improved oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and microbiota dysbiosis in the jejunum, and there was not significant difference compared with the control group (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Melatonin prevents the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in SR mice by improving oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation. Our results may provide a theoretical basis for conducting clinical research on insufficient sleep leading to intestinal health in humans and hence facilitate a better understanding of the role of melatonin.
Olive Schreiner’s Oceanic Imaginary and the Question of Deep History
Authors: Geustyn Maria
Published: March 2022

This article proposes a reading of the ocean in Olive Schreiner’s life, her letters and her works. Schreiner’s representation of the South African landscape has been much celebrated in literary scholarship, yet the oceanic settings in her novels have been ignored to date. This article explores the representation of the sea in three parts: I draw on Schreiner’s biographies to consider both her geographic movements and her reading practices as models for her scenes of the sea. Secondly, I turn to the letters she wrote after her crossing to England and read for mentions of the ocean and the sea and the language Schreiner uses to represent them. Lastly, using an oceanic lens, I read and compare The Story of an African Farm and From Man to Man.
From Words to Deeds: the Story of the Olive Schreiner Scholarship
Authors: Bock Mary
Published: March 2022

In 1955 a group of Olive Schreiner’s former friends and admirers of her work founded a scholarship for South African women: in accordance with her ideals of education for women and equality of opportunity for all peoples, the scholarship was open to South African woman, irrespective of race, colour or creed, who wished to study at a university in South Africa. The scholarship was administered by a committee of trustees until 1985, when it was handed over to the University of Cape Town. This essay traces the story of the Olive  Schreiner Scholarship. The founding of the scholarship is set against the background of Schreiner’s ideas on the importance of education for all women, as expressed in her polemical writing and her letters. Using as a primary source the minutes of committee meetings, the essay goes on to show how Schreiner’s ideals were carried forward in the aims of the founders and trustees and in their practical  management of the Olive Schreiner Scholarship from 1955 to 1985, a time of institutionalised inequality in educational opportunities for South Africans of different communities. The legacy of the scholarship is illustrated using extracts from the responses of five former scholarship holders to a questionnaire submitted to them in 2020.
Cytological Study of 2n Pollen Formation in Musa
Authors: Adeleke M.T.V. , Pillay M. , Okoli B.E.
Published: March 2022

Current Musa breeding strategies are complex and time consuming involving the selection of tetraploids from 3x - 2x crosses. Secondary triploids are then obtained by crossing these tetraploids with diploids. Considering the very low hybrid seed set, routine embryo rescue procedures of hybrid seeds and the long growth cycle of banana, it takes approximately 10 - 12 years to produce an acceptable banana hybrid. The banana breeding process could benefit tremendously if triploid bananas could be obtained directly from 2x - 2x crosses through the process of unilateral sexual polyploidization. There are few reports on the mechanisms through which Musa species produce 2n pollen. This study investigated the type of meiotic irregularities that lead to 2n pollen formation in diploid, triploid and tetraploid Musa accessions using cytological analyses. The results showed that aberrations in cytokinesis and karyokinesis during microsporogenesis are possible mechanisms for 2n pollen formation in Musa. The meiotic aberrations described in this study have implications for Musa breeding. It appears that 2n pollen formation in Musa occurs via both first division restitution (FDR) and second division restitution (SDR). FDR is said to be more promising in transferring more heterozygosity from parents to offspring.
Quality Assessment of Strips produced from Soybean and Cassava Flour Blends
Authors: Onwuzuruike U.A. , Okakpu K.G. , Ndife J. , Uzochukwu U.C. , Abiamere E.U.
Published: March 2022

This study evaluated the quality characteristics of strips produced from blends (%) of soybean and cassava flours. Wholesome cassava roots and soybean grains were procured and processed into flours. Seven blends of soybean and cassava flour blends were formulated (0:100, 100:0, 50:50, 40:60, 20:80, 60:40 and 80:20) while 100% wheat flour served as control. Strips were produced from the blends. The composite flours were analyzed for their functional properties while the proximate, mineral, vitamin, antinutrient contents and sensory characteristics (assessed by 25 panelists) of the strips were assessed. The statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA at 95% confidence level. The functional properties ranged from 0.53 to 0.77 g/mL for bulk density, 3.76 to 12.88% for foam capacity, 1.92 to 49.00% for foam stability, 108.00 to 204.00 g/mL for oil absorption capacity, 81.00 to 140.50 g/mL for water absorption capacity and 61.07 to 87.00°C for gelatinization temperature. The results of proximate analysis ranged from 1.44 to 3.46% for moisture, 1.63 to 3.91% for ash, 2.04 to 10.76% for fat, 0.18 to 1.37% for crude fibre, 4.07 to 24.16% for protein and 60.46 to 88.10% for carbohydrate. The phytate, tannin, trypsin inhibitor, saponin and hydrogen cyanide ranged from 0.22 to 5.59 mg/100g, 0.34 to 4.13 mg/100g, 0.04 to 1.69 mg/100g, 0.02 to 0.36 mg/100g and 0.00 to 2.11 mg/100g respectively. Sensory analysis revealed that 80% soybean flour and 20% cassava flour possessed better organoleptic characteristics. Production of strips from blends of soybean and cassava flours improved the nutrient composition, sensory properties with acceptable/safe antinutrient limit which can be optimized for value addition.
Characterization of Novel Alkaline Protease producing Bacillus subtilis C3a-FIIRO with Potential for Industrial Application
Authors: Fashola F.A. , Fadipe O.T. , Nwagala P.N. , Olatope S.O. , Augustine C.P. , Ibidapo O.I. , James I.C. , Aderinwale F.B. , Orji F.A. , Lawal A.K.
Published: March 2022

Microbial alkaline protease is one of the dominant industrial enzymes which function in splitting polypeptides chain of protein into monomers of amino acids and peptides. This study aimed to identify alkaline protease produced by Bacillus sp. Soil samples were aseptically collected from dump sites in FIIRO, Lagos state, Nigeria. The samples were serially diluted, and bacteria were isolated using pour plate method. The resulting isolates were screened and morphologically characterized. The isolate with the highest protease production potential was subjected to biochemical characterization using Analytical Profile Index (API) identification kit system and 16S rRNA sequencing. The selected isolate was used to produce alkaline protease by solid state fermentation using rice bran as a substrate. Out of the 18 bacteria isolated, 11 isolates showed alkaline protease production potential. Isolate C3a-FIIRO was selected for its maximal alkaline protease produced as indicated by a 56 mm zone of clearance. Morphological and biochemical characterization revealed isolate C3a-FIIRO as a member of the genus Bacillus. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed the isolate as Bacillus subtilis C3a-FIIRO (MW577298) with closest homology to Bacillus subtilis Y17B. The enzyme activity of 6848.171 U/ml ± 0.11 and protein concentration of 152.13 mg/ml ± 0.003 showed that Bacillus subtilis C3a-FIIRO has potential for sustainable alkaline protease production.
The psychological impact of intensive care unit admission on relatives of critically ill patients
Authors: Ige O.A. , Kolawole I.K. , Ajiboye P.O.
Published: March 2022

Introduction: It is recognized that ICU patients are exposed to massive stresses both from their life-threatening illness and the necessary intensive medical procedures they are subjected to. These stresses may lead to psychological problems like depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, the psychological demands and impact of the ICU on the relatives of these patients are often not appreciated. We aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression and the influence of ICU specific interventions on the development of psychological symptoms in relatives of ICU patients. Methods: This prospective, descriptive, questionnaire-based study was conducted on all consenting primary caregivers of patients on admission in the intensive care unit during the study period. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the General Health Questionnaire were used to determine the presence of psychological disorders during this study.Result: In this study, GHQ demonstrated a 72.5% prevalence of psychological illness in relatives of ICU patients. The prevalence of psychological illness using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was 56.3% on the anxiety scale and 55% on the depression scale.Conclusion: Critical care can result in the development of psychological disorders among primary caregivers of ICU patients. Intensive care physicians need to pay more attention to their care's impact on the psychological health of their patients’ relatives.
Ikwuano Women in 1929 Women’s Protest: A Recipe from Women War in Ancient Israel (Judges 4:4-24)
Authors: Ndubuwa Ohaeri Nnaemeka , Oko Asukwo Edet
Published: March 2022

This paper focused on the uniqueness of Ikwuano women in terms of their contributions towards economic and political development, particularly around 1929 events. It aimed at accentuating the valiant role of Ikwuano Women in their gallant protest to claim their rights against household taxation by the British Colonial rule through the Warrant Chiefs. The research adopted a historical method to trace the role of women in the Ancient Israeli war in Judges 4:4-24 which applies to the Aba Women Protest. A historical examination shows that the 1929 so-called 'Aba Women Riot' was an Igbo women's traditional demonstration that allowed women to express their disapproval of any policy that infringes their human rights at that time. Foreign publishers used derogatory dictions such as riot, revolt, and war and later termed it “Aba Riot”, excluding women, probably because they were oblivious of the aforementioned protest in Igbo tradition or that they denied political fault of household taxation policy and assault to women as colonialists. The findings unveiled that the contributions of Ikwuano women to the political and economic development of Nigeria cannot be overemphasized, just as Deborah's and Jael’s exploits in Ancient Israel cannot be underestimated. The paper also investigated that the so-called Aba Women Riot of 1929 emanated from a clan called Oloko, in Ikwuano under Old Aba Province, as a protest which spread to Aba, Owerri, Calabar, and other Eastern Region of Nigeria. It gained international attention that resulted in the cancellation of Women's Taxation, the improvement of the national economy, and abrogation of the Warrant Chief System. The paper recommended the empowerment of Ikwuano Women, adequate support of the Government in revitalizing the production of cash crops in Ikwuano through mechanization and mass employment of indigenous youth in the aforementioned Institutes to alleviate poverty in the area. Lessons should be learned from women's war in ancient Israel contained in Judges 4:4-24, which reveals the inherent ability of women to promote national economy, peace, politics, and defense against external aggressions.
Some Remarks on the Possibility of VAT Group’s Introduction Into the Bulgarian Tax Legislation
Authors: Dulevski Stoycho
Published: March 2022

The provision of Art. 11 of the Council Directive 2006/112 of 28 November 2006 on the common system of value added tax (VAT Directive) introduces the VAT group’s concept. It should be noted that it grants a right and not an obligation on a Member State (MS) to transpose this text into its domestic law on appropriate way. So far, Bulgaria has not such provision in its national legislation. The current study is dived into three main parts. The first examines some relevant case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in this matter that will be followed by author’s comment. The second emphasizes certain VAT group’s specifics through the prism of the domestic legislation of some MSs. The third refers to its possible future transposition into the Bulgarian tax law. Taking into account both the European and the national practice on this issue, the author will try to design an exemplary VAT group’s provision from Bulgarian perspective.
Moral Threats in Finances in the Light of Catholic Social Thought (Selected Issues)
Authors: Kucharski Adam
Published: March 2022

The impact of the importance of finance on social life, unprecedented in history, has numerous consequences. Basing the world economy on debt money may significantly change the existing ownership systems and lead to the formation of a new world power based on turbo-capitalism. These tendencies are supported by the postulate to limit the influence of ethics on economic behavior, which leads to the support of the general policy of overconsumption. The aim of this article is to highlight some of the threats resulting from the progressive financialisation of social life and the development of corpo-capitalism. Some theses from the field of Catholic social thought will serve as the background for the following reflection. The analytical-synthetic method adopted in the article consists in comparing selected moral threats present in the sphere of contemporary finances with some statements taken from documents and studies in the area of social Christian morality. This procedure aims to emphasize the need to recognize the key role of the ethical dimension of economic life as an element of the internal structure of any free, truly human behavior.
Propuesta de ordenamiento al tránsito urbano de Portoviejo desde Ramos Iduarte hasta Monumento de Agricultura
Authors: García-Vinces Jimmy Jeffrey , Jácome-Macías Dayana Nathaly , Pérez-Loor Dennys Loryín
Published: March 2022

Con el fin de garantizar una circulación más fluida y segura del tránsito vehicular y peatonal, se elabora el presente artículo científico, pues se proponen alternativas de mejoras referentes al nivel de servicio para mitigar el caos vehicular presente en la zona de estudio, teniendo en cuenta que en la calle Ramos Iduarte y Avenida Universitaria misma que conduce al Monumento de la Agricultura, son avenidas consideradas como vías de mayor flujo ya que las mismas forman parte del ingreso y salida a la ciudad de Portoviejo. El incremento de la población y del parque automotor, así como el aumento del uso de vehículos particulares y la alta tendencia a la utilización de vehículos tipo moto, hacen que la red vial en muchos tramos sea insuficiente. Dentro del desarrollo de este artículo se implementó la recolección de datos, misma que, consistió en realizar un aforo vehicular, los cuales fueron tomados en los semáforos, mediciones de las características existentes, para aliviar el gran congestionamiento vehicular de la intersección es que propone modificar los tiempos semafóricos, donde se priorice la seguridad de los peatones.

Palabras clave: Tráfico vehicular, aforo vehicular, parque automotor.
Finite torsors over strongly $F$-regular singularities
Authors: Carvajal-Rojas Javier
Published: March 2022

We investigate finite torsors over big opens of spectra of strongly $F$-regular germs that do not extend to torsors over the whole spectrum. Let $(R,\mathfrak{m},k)$ be a strongly $F$-regular $k$-germ where $k$ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$. We prove the existence of a finite local cover $R \subset R^{\star}$ so that $R^{\star}$ is a strongly $F$-regular $k$-germ and: for all finite algebraic groups $G/k$ with solvable neutral component, every $G$-torsor over a big open of $\mathrm{Spec} R^{\star}$ extends to a $G$-torsor everywhere. To achieve this, we obtain a generalized transformation rule for the $F$-signature under finite local extensions. Such formula is used to show that that the torsion of $\mathrm{Cl} R$ is bounded by $1/s(R)$. By taking cones, we conclude that the Picard group of globally $F$-regular varieties is torsion-free. Likewise, it shows that canonical covers of $\mathbb{Q}$-Gorenstein strongly $F$-regular singularities are strongly $F$-regular.

Comment: 30 pages. Final version accepted to EPIGA
Proof Theory of Riesz Spaces and Modal Riesz Spaces
Authors: Lucas Christophe , Mio Matteo
Published: March 2022

We design hypersequent calculus proof systems for the theories of Riesz
spaces and modal Riesz spaces and prove the key theorems: soundness,
completeness and cut elimination. These are then used to obtain completely
syntactic proofs of some interesting results concerning the two theories. Most
notably, we prove a novel result: the theory of modal Riesz spaces is
decidable. This work has applications in the field of logics of probabilistic
programs since modal Riesz spaces provide the algebraic semantics of the Riesz
modal logic underlying the probabilistic mu-calculus.
“Imperial Habit”: Russia’s Attempt to Gain a Foothold on the Eastern Coast of the Caspian Sea in the Era of Peter the Great
Authors: Toropitsyn Ilya V.
Published: March 2022

The article displays one of the directions of Russia’s foreign policy during the reign of Peter the Great, namely, an attempt to gain a foothold on the Eastern coast of the Caspian Sea for further advancement through the Central Asian states to India in order to establish direct trade relations. The paper analyzes the goals and objectives set up by Peter the Great to Prince A. Bekovich-Cherkassky to initiate a new trade route to India from the Caspian Sea basin. Russia’s steps aimed at creating a foothold on the Eastern coast of the Caspian Sea are being considered. The adopted scientific ideas about the number of strongholds in the Caspian region founded by Russia in 1716 are analyzed. The Russian-Turkmen relations are described during the period of Russia’s activity in the Caspian region and after the failure of the Khiva expedition of 1717. The fate of Russian fortress-cities in the eastern Caspian region is traced. The assessment of the actions of Prince A. Bekovich‑Cherkassky on the implementation of Russia’s policy in the Caspian region is given in the context of Peter the Great’s plans.
Reaction against Subordination of Women Observed from the Struggle of Hawa in Mabala’s Hawa the Bus Driver
Authors: John Madoshi Peter
Published: March 2022

This study examined Richard Mabala’s young adult prose fiction: Hawa the Bus Driver. The study used Social Critical Theory as a tool of analysis. Examining the work thematically, the reading revealed a struggle of the major character Hawa in Hawa the Bus Driver. The character is portrayed to have: recognition of female potentiality and the urge of equality in male dominated society. The study shows that the author in this work has drawn the characters in such a way that at the exposition of the narrative, she encounters male chauvinism and the pain of gender stereotype. Nevertheless, she emerges as heroine at the resolution by acquiring recognition and acceptance in her society. A careful reading indicates that the author, through creative writing, intends to inculcate gender education in society and he chooses juvenile audience as the area of commencement.
Traumatismo postcoital - fistula recto-vaginal reporte de un caso y revisión bibliográfica
Authors: FIGUEROA SILVIA INES
Published: March 2022

RESUMEN

Introducción: El compromiso de recto y la comunicación anormal entre éste y vagina es inusual, denominándose fistula recto-vaginal (FRV).

Se clasifican como simples o complejas en función de su tamaño, localización y etiología subyacente.

Método: Reportamos un caso de un paciente femenino de 27 años con fistula recto-vaginal postcoital con perforación del tabique rectovaginal a 1 cm del introito y 2 cm del margen anal.

Se realiza cierre simple de la lesión con abordaje transanal y transvaginal.

Control a los 6 meses sin evidencia de recidivas.

Conclusión: La reparación con cierre simple de las fistulas recto vaginal con abordaje anal y vaginal presenta buenos resultados con recuperación y cicatrización total de la lesión, sobre todo para fistulas simples. Las lesiones complejas se deben tratar con cautela y tener en cuenta la causa de origen.

Palabras Clave: fistula rectovaginal; vagina; coito; postcoital; fistulas.
Cartas al Editor
Authors: Acco Gavilán Carmen , Arakaki Gómez Alejandra , Moron Valenzuela Julia C.
Published: March 2022

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Effectiveness of Multimodal Ayurvedic Treatment in Vataja Pandu w.s.r Nutritional Deficiency Anemia - A Case Report
Authors: Swathi Bhat  , Ananta S Desai
Published: March 2022

Panduroga is a condition where in Pitta Pradhana Tridoshas affect the Dhathus causing deterioration of Varna and Bala, leading to Twak Vaivarnyatha or Pandutha. In present day medical science, symptoms of Pandu are alike to that of anaemia. Anemia is a condition presenting with a depletion of hemoglobin concentration below normal values, or Hematocrit or Red blood cells in the blood. On an average, about 30% or nearly one third of world’s population is claimed to be affected by anemia because of numerous causes. In India prevalence is extremely high compared to world prevalence, close to 51%. Nutritional macrocytic anemia (NMA) in prevailing population and in pregnancy, commonly seen in India, most likely represents combined deficiency of iron, folic acid and vitamin B12. A 45 years old female presented with complaints of Panduta (Pallor of skin), Daurbalya (weakness), Aruchi (loss of appetite), Padashopha (pedal oedema), Pindikodweshtana (leg cramps), Shrama Shwasa (exertional dyspnoea) and Hriddrava (palpitation) with haemoglobin concentration 3.7gm% visited OPD of SJIIM, GAMC, Bengaluru. Initially she was started with oral medications followed by admission to in-patient ward on the succeeding visit. The present case study is intended to understand the accuracy of multimodal Ayurvedic approach consisting of oral medications and Matra Basti with Dadimadya Ghrita, in the management of Panduroga and is found to be effective in overcoming Vataja Pandu
Murvadi Agada-QC Analysis, Method of Preparation & its Uses in Current Scenario
Authors: Hiremath Rudramma R , Digra Roshi
Published: March 2022

Murvadi Agada is a unique and useful formulation, which is specifically prescribed for Agni Vikara’s. It is a compound herbal preparation that is explained under the context of “Garopahat Paavaka” i.e. a condition which is a result of impaired Agni caused due to administration of Gara visha. The formulation is a sole contribution of Asthanga Kara’s which is not explained elsewhere. Murvadi Agada has to be administered with Anupanas like Ushana Jala, Takra, Mastu and Amla Rasa Dravyas. Gara visha condition in present era can arise due to addition of toxic substances like animal excreta, toxic medicines, viruddhaaushadhi etc to food substances. In current scenario all the junk food, colouring agents, food additives, preservatives, packed food items and drinks can be taken as Gara Visha. This may produce Agni Vikara’s (digestive disorders) like Sthoulya, Arsha, Attisara, Udara Rogas etc. Murvadi Agada administered with proper Anupana can help in these diseases
WEWENANG PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PEMBERIAN IZIN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Authors: Saija Vica J. E.
Published: March 2022

The results showed that local governments have the authority to give a license for environmental management based on the Chapter 237 Law Number 32 of 2004 Concerning the Local Government Jo Chapter 63 Law Number 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, verse (2) letter r and verse (3) letter o. As a holder of the delegation, the local government then have the authority to issue permits and enforce the law on consent in the form of monitoring and enforcing sanctions. Licensing authority for environmental management by local governments in its implementation was not maximized yet, this is due to the Law Number 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, which does not have implementing regulations, the rule of umbrella act is to set the basic terms only, that contributes to there was no concrete licensing division of the authorized government, both at the central and regional. Therefore, it is the authority of government including local government (Ministers, Governors, Regents/Mayors) should be based on the criteria  of externality, accountability, and efficiency. And recommended that the licensing authority for environment management, in its implementation, should be based on the principle of Good Licensing Governance on Based Natural Resources, in order to prevent abuse of authority and to simplify the licensing process. The Law Number 32 of 2009 it is implementation, it still needs to be followed up with any implementing regulation in order to run as it is expected.
Gender disparity in anthropometric and fitness characteristics of university students
Authors: Moses M. Omoniyi , Osei Francis
Published: March 2022

Status of anthropometric and fitness characteristics are usually considered as vital tools for health assessment. Although studies have reported that university students exhibit different health related lifestyles, gender comparative information on anthropometric and fitness characteristics in Ghana is scarce. The study examined gender disparity in anthropometric and fitness characteristics of apparently healthy university students. A cross sectional descriptive design approach was utilized. 120 randomly recruited university students (mean age 22.01 ± 2.29years, male, 67 and female, 53) participated in the study. Body weight, height, body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, trunk flexibility and static body balance were measured in a laboratory setting. Results showed that male had higher age (P < 0.05), height (P < 0.05), waist circumference (P < 0.05), waist-hip ratio (P < 0.05) and static balance (P < 0.05) significantly. Weight (P < 0.05) and body mass index (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in female. The proportion of anthropometric and static balance characteristics of male university students was higher than female while trunk flexibility of male compared favourably with their female counterparts. To encourage healthy living of female in this study, flexibly modified and friendly physical activity programmes are recommended.
Juventude e Sociabilidade em um “território pacificado” no Rio de Janeiro: diversidade de experiências e seus marcadores sociais
Authors: Heilborn Maria Luiza , Faya Alfonsina , Souza Josué Ferreira
Published: March 2022

O artigo versa sobre as repercussões da implantação de uma nova política de segurança pública – unidades de polícia pacificadora (UPPs) em determinado Complexo de Favelas do Rio de Janeiro.  Focaliza o impacto dessa nova ordem na dinâmica das sociabilidades juvenis, diferenciando-a por gênero e geração. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de trabalho etnográfico de uma equipe de pesquisadores jovens na localidade e utilização de diferentes estratégias metodológicas diante de alguns constrangimentos presentes no campo. A realização de entrevistas nem sempre foi bem sucedida pelo receio da parte dos informantes de serem marcados por olheiros do tráfico remanescente. O lazer dos jovens foi profundamente modificado pela interdição dos bailes funk e pelo impedimento de grupos espontâneos de conversa no âmbito da rua. Certas práticas de sociabilidade foram deslocadas para outros lugares da cidade, dificultando o acesso dos menos providos de capital financeiro. As novas políticas voltadas para a juventude, como forma de ampliar os limites de cidadania, não incorporam as expectativas dos jovens locais.
Dança e Culturas Populares
Authors: Osorio Patricia Silva , Gonçalves Renata de Sá
Published: March 2022

Apresentamos uma discussão sobre dança e culturas populares. Problematizamos os conceitos de dança e cultura popular, esboçando um breve panorama de seu desenvolvimento nas Ciências Sociais, e particularmente nos estudos antropológicos.
Anti-documentário e perspectivismo: estratégias para fazer e olhar filmes (não) etnográficos
Authors: Altmann Eliska
Published: March 2022

Interseções entre arte e documentário são discutidas no artigo por intermédio de quatro materiais brutos. Quatro filmes brasileiros contemporâneos subdivididos em duas formas semânticas: documentário de (ou feito por) artista e documentário sobre (cujo tema é) artista. Com base em Folia no morro, de Arthur Omar (2008), Andarilho, de Cao Guimarães (2007), Cildo, de Gustavo Rosa de Moura (2008), e A obra de arte, de Marcos Ribeiro (2009), serão tratados os conceitos de anamorfose e ontologia, que compreendem formas “desenquadradas” e “enquadradas” de fazer arte do documentário (ou documentário-arte) e arte no documentário (ou documentário sobre arte).
Um espaço adaptado, habitado e filmado: expansões de uma memória através de sua recriação estética
Authors: Pimentel Juliano Rodrigues
Published: March 2022

Este estudo tem como tema a adaptação fílmica e suas implicações estéticas e audiovisuais relacionadas a uma ampliação de uma memória de um objeto cultural. Trago como objetos empíricos o conto Pela passagem de uma grande dor, de Caio Fernando Abreu, e sua adaptação homônima para o formato audiovisual. À luz da Poética do espaço de Gaston Bachelard, analiso as imagens do conto adaptado e apresento uma estética particular proposta pelo curta como proponente de uma ampliação da memória cultural do objeto-fonte.
O sonho do nixi pae. A arte do MAHKU – Movimento dos Artistas Huni Kuin
Authors: Mattos Amilton Pelegrino
Published: March 2022

Inspirado no filme O sonho do nixi pae (2014), o artigo percorre a trajetória do MAHKU – Movimento dos Artistas Huni Kuin, traçando paralelos entre o percurso do grupo e a travessia mítica dos huni kuin que atravessaram o jacaré-ponte. O artigo se dedica a pensar a música e suas transformações em artes visuais e audiovisual desde uma teoria da tradução nativa.
O regime de Comodato como empecilho aos direitos dos quilombolas
Authors: Silva Sandro José
Published: March 2022

O artigo descreve as relações entre as empresas de commodities e os quilombolas no norte do estado do Espírito Santo. A partir do cenário do conflito étnico e territorial, proponho descrever como as relações entre capital e quilombolas se mantém com base na reprodução das condições de subalternidade. Lanço mão da análise de dispositivos desenvolvidos pelas empresas de commodities para acomodar os conflitos enquanto se colocam como mediadores no acesso à direitos, antes apenas oferecidos pelo Estado.