bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Mass Transfer and Reaction Kinetics in ZnO Nanoparticle Micro-Reactor Systems for AMX and DOX Degradation
Authors: Becheikh Nidhal
Published: April 2024

This study aims to model the coupled phenomena of photocatalytic reaction and mass transfer in the degradation of Amoxicillin (AMX) and Doxycycline (DOX) using Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles within microreactor systems. The objective is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic interaction between the photocatalytic degradation kinetics and the mass transfer processes to optimize the conditions for efficient antibiotic removal from contaminated water. This involves characterizing the reaction kinetics via the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, estimating the mass transfer coefficients, and analyzing the effects of axial dispersion to ensure the accurate determination of intrinsic kinetic constants and minimize mass transfer limitations. This study used a syringe pump to ensure a consistent flow of antibiotic solution into the microreactor. The results indicate that AMX reaches adsorption equilibrium more rapidly than DOX, corresponding to its faster photocatalytic degradation kinetics and higher final conversion rate (89% for AMX, 86% for DOX). The mass transfer coefficient (kd) was estimated using the Sherwood number, derived from three different models, with the constant Sherwood model best fitting the R1 microreactor data. An analysis of the Damköhler number (DaII) indicates that high flow rates minimize mass transfer limitations in the R1 microreactor, allowing the determination of near-intrinsic kinetic constants. On the contrary, at low flow rates, kinetic constants are apparent as a result of mass-transfer limitations. The study concludes that higher flow rates (≥ 10 mL/h) in the R1 microreactor are preferable to approach intrinsic kinetics and reduce mass transfer limitations during photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics. These findings underscore the potential of ZnO-based oxidation processes in treating antibiotic-contaminated water with optimized conditions, providing a pathway for efficient and sustainable wastewater treatment.
Characterization of Pure and Doped ZnO Nanostructured Powders elaborated in Solar Reactor
Authors: Schiopu Adriana-Gabriela , Oproescu Mihai , Iana Vasile Gabriel , Moga Sorin Georgian , Negrea Denis Aurelian , Vilcoci Denisa Stefania , Cirstea Georgiana , Ducu Catalin Marian , Iota Miruna-Adriana
Published: April 2024

The synthesis of nano-oxides is an important field of nanotechnology, as these materials possess unique properties and applications. Several methods have been developed for synthesizing nano-oxides, each offering advantages and disadvantages depending on the desired material characteristics. Solar energy focused on solar reactors can be utilized for nano-oxide elaboration, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach. The current article presents the research carried out for the elaboration of pure and doped nanostructured zinc oxides using solar energy. The morphostructural characteristics were determined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. The attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis of pure and doped nanostructured ZnO. The optical properties were highlighted by UV-VIS Spectroscopy. The research points out that crystallite sizes vary between 37 and 51 nm due to the influence of doping metal. The morphology associated with these particles is predominantly whiskers with elongated parts between 0.18 and 1.4 um. Doping with Fe, Si, Yb, and Ce causes a wider band gap compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles. As solar energy becomes more accessible and efficient, solar-driven synthesis of pure and doped ZnO is poised to be a crucial factor in shaping the future of material science and technology.
Study of the Injection of Secondary Air into the Intake Manifold of the Gas Turbine to Avoid the Compressor Surging Phenomenon
Authors: Balan George Iulian , Zisopol Dragos Gabriel , Stefan Amado , Nastasescu Vasile , Grigore Lucian
Published: April 2024

This paper presents part of the research on avoiding or reducing the surging effects that appear in the axial compressor intake manifold of a gas turbine. This research has led to an original solution validated by numerical simulations and experimental investigations. The increased amount of air suddenly required in the transient regime of the gas turbine is introduced into the intake manifold through slits arranged perpendicular to the direction of flow, on an aerodynamic profile at a certain angle to it and a certain distance from the minimum transversal section. The slits are arranged on the opposite sides of the gallery and connect with a transverse channel of the airfoil, in which there is air under pressure, from which the introduction of additional air is ordered. The numerical and experimental results extended to the influence of many geometric and mechanical parameters, proving that the proposed solution is as effective as possible compared to the classic ejector solution.
A Hybrid Intelligent Controller for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles
Authors: Jayaraj Jayakumar , Obulesu Dakka , Govindaraj Hemaprabha , Josh Francisxavier Thomas , Rajeswaran Nagalingam , Reddy Chilakala Rami , Algarni Abdullah S. , Abdullah Alwabli  , Malky Saeed Faisal
Published: April 2024

A smart battery electric vehicle control framework is proposed in this paper. The specific controller empowers ceaseless observation and management of the battery's state with the scope of extending the vehicle's driving range under varying temperature and driving pattern conditions. The proposed method utilizes an incorporated scheme for dealing with a crossover energy stockpiling framework to expand a battery's lifespan while further ensuring its smooth activity.
Development and Characterization of a PLA Biocomposite reinforced with Date Palm Fibers
Authors: Ghanmi Ines , Slimani Faouzi , Ghanmi Samir , Guedri Mohamed
Published: April 2024

Despite the promising potential of bio-composites derived from plant fibers due to their ecological and economic benefits, challenges persist in their preparation, restricting their commercial applications. These challenges are primarily associated with developing suitable methods, acquiring appropriate equipment for treating plant fibers, and addressing the time constraints in preparation. This study aims to contribute to the development and characterization of a new biocomposite and biodegradable material based on natural fibers produced through hot compression. The newly developed biocomposite comprises commercial biodegradable poly-lactic acid (PLA) as a matrix and untreated fiber fabric extracted from date palms as reinforcement. The use of untreated fiber fabric has successfully overcome the preparation difficulties. Experimental results on the new biocomposite reveal the strong adhesion between its fibers and the matrix, emphasizing the significant impact of choosing the right manufacturing conditions on the developed mechanical properties.
The Effect of Waste Marble Dust and Corncob Ash on the Engineering and Micro-Structural Properties of Expansive Soil for Use in Road Subgrades
Authors: Wongbae Leonardo Z. , Kabubo Charles , Owayo Alphonce
Published: April 2024

This research investigated the effect of Waste Marble Dust (WMD) and Corncob Ash (CCA) on expansive soil's engineering and microstructural properties. Various laboratory experiments were performed on the natural soil to ascertain its characteristics. The corncobs underwent pre-water treatment for fourteen days to remove excess potassium and increase their silica content, resulting in a rise in the silica level from 0% to 50%. At first, only WMD was added to the soil in increments of 5% to 30% using compaction and California bearing tests. The optimum dosage of 15% WMD addition yielded the best result. CCA was then incorporated by the weight of the soil from 2% to 10% in increments of 2% to the first optimum (15% WMD) to obtain the overall optimum for the study (15% WMD and 8% CCA). Stabilization of the natural soil using both materials led to the modification and solidification of the soil mass, evident by the rise in California bearing ratio values from 1.68% to 15.53% and unconfined compressive strength from 41.33 kN/m2 to 174.68 kN/m2. There was also a decrease in the soil's free swell from 120% to 15% as well as reductions in the liquid limits from 56.23% to 36.01% and in the plasticity index from 29.74% to 8.72%, respectively. The microstructural images showed the formation of cementitious compounds in the form of calcium silicate hydrate and calcium aluminate hydrate gels. The findings indicate that using WMD and CCA as a unit has great potential in enhancing engineering properties, like strength parameters and the swell potential of expansive soils.
A Data Acquisiton System with sEMG Signal and Camera Images for Finger Classification with Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Mersinkaya Ismail , Kavsaoglu Ahmet Resit
Published: April 2024

Advances in robotics and biomedical engineering have expanded the possibilities of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) in the last few years. The identification of hand movements is the accurate and real-time signal acquisition of hand movements through the use of image-based systems and surface electromyography sensors. This study uses multithreading to record motion signals from the forearm muscles in conjunction with a surface electromyography (sEMG) sensor and a camera image. The finger movement information labels were tabulated and analyzed along with the simultaneous acquisition of surface electromyography signals and these gestures through the camera. After the acquisition, signal processing techniques were applied to the sEMG signal markered from the camera. Therefore, once the interface is established, data sets suitable for machine learning can be generated.
Deep Learning for Tomato Disease Detection with YOLOv8
Authors: Zayani Hafedh Mahmoud , Ammar Ikhlass , Ghodhbani Refka , Maqbool Albia , Saidani Taoufik , Slimane Jihane Ben , Kachoukh Amani , Kouki Marouan , Kallel Mohamed , Alsuwaylimi Amjad A. , Alenezi Sami Mohammed
Published: April 2024

Tomato production plays a crucial role in Saudi Arabia, with significant yield variations due to factors such as diseases. While automation offers promising solutions, accurate disease detection remains a challenge. This study proposes a deep learning approach based on the YOLOv8 algorithm for automated tomato disease detection. Augmenting an existing Roboflow dataset, the model achieved an overall accuracy of 66.67%. However, class-specific performance varies, highlighting challenges in differentiating certain diseases. Further research is suggested, focusing on data balancing, exploring alternative architectures, and adopting disease-specific metrics. This work lays the foundation for a robust disease detection system to improve crop yields, quality, and sustainable agriculture in Saudi Arabia.
Sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının ve öğretmenlerinin alan sınavına yönelik görüşlerinin incelenmesi
Authors: Akyol Senanur , Elvan Özlem
Published: April 2024

Araştırmanın amacı, 2013 yılından itibaren yapılan alan sınavına ilişkin sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adayları ve öğretmenlerinin görüşlerini detaylı bir şekilde incelemektir. Sosyal bilgiler öğretmenliği alan sınavıyla hedeflenen; nitelikli ve alanında uzman, kendini sürekli geliştiren ve yeni değerlere açık öğretmenlerin seçilmesidir. Araştırmanın katılımcıları sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarından ve öğretmenlerinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma, fenomenoloji desenine dayalı nitel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmış ve geçerlik ile güvenirlik prensipleri dikkate alınmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adayları ve öğretmenlerinin alan sınavına yönelik benzer görüşlere sahip oldukları görülmüştür. Alan sınavının içeriğinin zor, konularının yoğun ve detaylı bilgilerden oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcılar, alan sınavının gerekliliğini vurgulayarak bilgilerinin sınanmasının doğru bir yöntem olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. Katılımcılar, Kamu Personeli Seçme Sınavı'nın yalnızca alan sınavından oluşması durumunda başarı ve motivasyonda artış olacağını ve tek bir sınava girme durumunda avantajlarının daha fazla olacağını belirtmişlerdir. Ayrıca katılımcılar soru dağılımlarının daha çok tarih ve coğrafya odaklı olması gerektiğini ifade etmişlerdir. Araştırmada, alan sınavının atanmalara olumlu ve olumsuz etkilerinin olduğu ve öğretmen adayları ile öğretmenlerin birçok beklentiye sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Crime Activity Detection System
Authors: Fija Sayyad  , Puja Parasur  , Sarala Chattar  , Dnyaneshwari Rakshe  , Prof. Dipali Dube
Published: April 2024

Video Surveillance plays a pivotal role in today’s world. The technologies have been advanced too much when artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning pitched into the system. Using above combinations, different systems are in place which helps to differentiate various crime behaviors from the live tracking of footages. The most unpredictable one is human behavior and it is very difficult to find whether it is detecting crime or not. Deep learning approach is used to detect crimeor normal activity in an academic environment, and which sends an alert message to the corresponding authority, in case of predicting a crime activity. Monitoring is often performed through consecutive frames which are extracted from the video.
A Survey on Forensic Evidence Management under AWS-S3 Service
Authors: Dr. Archana B  , Adithya Baragi S  , Anusha K N  , Jeevan Basri B S  , Karthik E M
Published: April 2024

Evidence management is crucial in the field of forensic science. Evidence obtained from a crime scene is important in solving the case and delivering justice to the victim involved. Hence, protecting the integrity of the evidence throughout the process is of prime importance. Chain of Custody (CoC) is the process which maintains the integrity of the evidence using Blockchain Technology. Inability to maintain the chain of custody will make the evidence inadmissible in court, eventually leading to the case dismissal. Digitalization of forensic evidence management system is a need of time as it is an environment friendly model. Blockchain are digitally distributed ledgers of transactions signed cryptographically in chronological order that are sorted into blocks and is completely open to anyone in the blockchain network. Present study aims to create a framework and further propose an algorithm to implement blockchain technology to digitalize forensic evidence management system and maintain Chain of Custody
CargoLinker: Streamlined Container Booking App
Authors: Khan Sahil  , Khatri Dawood  , Mahimi Abraar  , Sheikh Moiz  , Er. Farida Attar
Published: April 2024

The global shipping and logistics industry play a vital role in facilitating international trade, yet small-scale exporters often face challenges in booking cargo container space efficiently. CargoLinker is a web and mobile application designed to bridge this gap, connecting exporters with available cargo container space in a streamlined manner. It is developed using an open source framework named Flutter , CargoLinker aims to enhance the efficiency and affordability of cargo shipping for small-scale exporters. The main aim of this application is to minimize the cost for small traders and maximize the profit for the company. This paper presents an overview of CargoLinker, its features, benefits, development process, challenges, and future directions
Orally Disintegrating Tablets: A Short Review
Authors: Pallavi Mhaske  , Punam Narwade  , Dr Aijaz Sheikh  , Dr. K. R. Biyani
Published: April 2024

Mouth dissolving tablets are well established dosage forms available in the market. The numerous advantages that they offer to the patients in terms of compliance as well as to the manufacturers in terms of huge revenues by line extension of products are well known. In spite of such popularity, there seems to be lack of a standardized system to characterize these dosage forms. Enormous work has been done in this field, wherein some of the researchers have developed their own methods of evaluation. This article attempts to present a detailed review regarding technological advances made so far in the area of evaluation of mouth dissolving tablets with respect to special characteristics of these unique dosage forms. In the absence of any available standardized method, the author’s recommendation on critical issues in the field may be considered.
Review Paper on Deepfake Video Detection using Neural Networks
Authors: Arya Shah  , Ashwin Thakur  , Atharva Kale  , Harsh Bothara  , Prof. D. C. Pardeshi
Published: April 2024

With the increasing computational power, the creation of indistinguishable human synthesized videos, known as deepfakes, has become remarkably easy. These realistic face-swapped deepfakes have raised concerns as they can be utilized for malicious purposes such as causing political unrest, fabricating terrorism events, spreading revenge porn, and blackmailing individuals. In this research, we present a novel deep learning-based method that effectively distinguishes AI-generated fake videos from real ones. Our approach focuses specifically on detecting replacement and reenactment deepfakes. We harness the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to combat the challenges posed by AI itself. The core of our system lies in a ResNext Convolutional Neural Network, which extracts frame-level features. These features are then used to train a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)-based Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) that classifies videos as either manipulated (deepfake) or authentic (real).To ensure real-time applicability and enhance the model's performance on real-world data, we evaluate our method using a large and balanced dataset
"Meu luto é mais dolorido que o dele": Experiências de Perda Gestacional
Authors: Santos Priscilla Andrewns dos , Tavares Sandi Teresinha Nottar da Silva , Pimenta Clara Foletto , Levandowski Daniela Centenaro
Published: April 2024

A perda gestacional (PG) é um evento complexo e potencialmente traumático, muitas vezes invisibilizado socialmente. A escassez de estudos sobre aspectos psicológicos relacionados à PG pela perspectiva masculina aponta a necessidade de ampliar a compreensão do tema. Este estudo objetivou conhecer as repercussões e o processo de luto decorrente de uma PG, assim como as diferenças entre as experiências de homens e mulheres que compartilharam esta perda, com base em um estudo de casos múltiplos (Yin, 2005), qualitativo e transversal, com três casais. Foram aplicados Ficha de Dados Sócio-Demográficos e Clínicos, Brief Symptom Inventory, Escala de Luto Perinatal e uma entrevista individual sobre a experiência de PG ocorrida nos últimos 12 meses. A análise dos dados revelou que a forma como o parto foi vivido, incluindo o manejo e cuidado das equipes, pode ser atenuante ou complicadora do processo de luto. A presença de rituais de despedida e ações de simbolização da perda, o sentir-se mãe/pai mesmo na ausência do filho e a flexibilização do papel de apoio entre o casal também repercutiram no processo de luto. A vivência corporal da gestação e da PG na mulher mostrou-se um importante demarcador da experiência feminina e masculina, tanto pela singularidade do processo psíquico que acarreta, quanto pela compreensão social de maior sofrimento feminino nessa situação, o que reforça a importância de dar visibilidade às dores de ambos.
A faculty-led resident strike team as a force expander during disaster
Authors: Cornelius Angela P. , Rodrigues-Rosa Axel
Published: April 2024

The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic produced an unprecedented strain on the United States medical system. Prior to the pandemic, there was an estimated 20,000 physician shortage. This has been further stressed by physicians falling ill and the increased acuity of the COVID-19 patients. Federal medical team availability was stretched to its capabilities with the large numbers of deployments.

With such severe staffing shortages, creative ways of force expansion were undertaken. New Orleans, Louisiana, was one of the hardest hit areas early in the pandemic. As the case counts built, a call was put out for help. The Louisiana State University (LSU) system responded with a faculty-led resident strike team out of the LSU Health Shreveport Academic Medical Center.

Residents and faculty alike volunteered, forming a multispecialty, attending-led medical strike team of approximately 10 physicians. Administrative aspects such as institution-specific credentialing, malpractice coverage, resident distribution, attending physician oversight, among other aspects were addressed, managed, and agreed upon between the LSU Health Shreveport and the New Orleans hospital institutions and leadership prior to deployment in April 2020.

In New Orleans, the residents managed patients within the departments of emergency medicine, medical floor, and intensive care unit (ICU). The residents assigned to the medical floor became a new hospitalist service team. The diversity of specialties allowed the team to address patient care in a multidisciplinary manner, leading to comprehensive patient care plans and unhindered team dynamic and workflow. During the first week alone, the team admitted and cared for over 100 patients combined from the medical floor and ICU.

In a disaster situation compounded by staff shortages, a resident strike team is a beneficial solution for force expansion. This article qualitatively reviews the first published incidence of a faculty-led multispecialty resident strike team being used as a force expander in a disaster.
A distinct immune cytokine profile is associated with morning cortisol and repeated stress
Authors: Ryznar Rebecca , LaPorta Anthony , Cooper Spencer , Maher Nicholas , Clodfelder Christian , Edwards Jeffrey , Towne Francina , Gubler K. Dean
Published: April 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate possible immune cytokine trends throughout a week-long surgical simulation mass-casualty training session in order to determine the effects of stress inoculation on the immune system.

Methods: Thirty-seven military medical students participated in a hyper-realistic surgical simulation training event conducted at Strategic Operations site in San Diego, California. Salivary samples were collected every morning of the stress training exercise for 4 consecutive days. Cortisol, along with a panel of 42 immune cytokines, was measured using multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays from Eve Technologies. The determined concentrations were averaged and plotted on a scatter plot, and then points were fit to a second-order polynomial trendline of best fit to measure.

Results: The cytokines epidermal growth factor, growth-related oncogene-α, interleukin (IL)-1α, and platelet-derived growth factor-AA followed a noted pattern of cortisol decrease throughout the week. In addition, cytokines IL-27, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, IL-10, and IL-13 demonstrated a late peak, followed by a return to baseline at the conclusion of training. Finally, the cytokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 displayed a decline throughout the week followed by an increase on the last day of stress training.

Conclusions: Altogether, these results help to identify important biomarkers that may help to improve long-term stress adaptation and prevent post-traumatic stress disorder following exposure to repeated stress.
Advanced Surgical Skills for Exposure in Trauma (ASSET) course improves military surgeon confidence
Authors: Saberi Rebecca A. , Parker Graham B. , Mohsin Noreen , Gilna Gareth P. , Cioci Alessia C. , Urrechaga Eva M. , Buzzelli Mark D. , Schulman Carl I. , Proctor Kenneth G. , Garcia George D.
Published: April 2024

Objective: Active duty military surgeons often have limited trauma surgery experience prior to deployment. Consequently, military-civilian training programs have been developed at high-volume trauma centers to evaluate and maintain proficiencies. Advanced Surgical Skills for Exposure in Trauma (ASSET) was incorporated into the predeployment curriculum at the Army Trauma Training Detachment in 2011. This is the first study to assess whether military surgeons demonstrated improved knowledge and increased confidence after taking ASSET.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Quaternary care hospital.

Patients and participants: Attending military surgeons who completed ASSET between July 2011 and October 2020.

Main outcome measure(s): Pre- and post-course self-reported comfort level with procedures was converted from a five-point Likert scale to a percentage and compared using paired t-tests.

Results: In 188 military surgeons, the median

time in practice was 3 (1-8) years, with specialties in general surgery (52 percent), orthopedic surgery (29 percent), trauma (7 percent), and other disciplines (12 percent). The completed self-evaluation response rate was 80 percent (n = 151). The self-reported comfort level for all body regions improved following course completion (p < 0.001): chest (27 percent), neck (23 percent), upper extremity (22 percent), lower extremity (21 percent), and abdomen/pelvis (19 percent). The overall score on the competency test improved after completion of ASSET, with averages increasing from 62 ± 18 percent pretest to 71 ± 13 percent post-test (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: After taking the ASSET course, military surgeons demonstrated improved knowledge and increased confidence in the operative skills taught in the course. The ASSET course may provide sustainment of knowledge and confidence if used at regular intervals to maintain trauma skills and deployment readiness.
Perceptions regarding second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among Indian adults: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sharma Priyanka , Khokhar Anita , Mittal Shubham
Published: April 2024

Background and aims: A massive surge in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths occurred in India during March–April 2021, and this was considered as second wave of the pandemic in the country. This study was conducted to find out the perceptions about second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among Indian adults.

Methods: An online-survey-based cross-sectional study was conducted over 3 weeks from April 21, 2021

to May 11, 2021. Information regarding sociodemographic profile, perceptions about COVID-19 during second wave, perceptions and practices related to COVID-19 vaccination, COVID-19 appropriate behavior, and government’s response to the pandemic was collected. Descriptive analysis was performed.

Results: A total of 408 study participants were included. Mean age of the study participants was 29.2 ± 10.4 years. Around 92.6 percent (378) of respondents agreed that COVID-19 in 2021 is different from 2020. Perceived reasons for increased severity and cases were change in virus characteristics; social, religious, and political gatherings; and complacent behavior by people. Three-fourth (311, 76.2 percent) of the study participants agreed that vaccines have a positive role against COVID-19. Majority of the study participants (329, 80.6 percent) concurred that lockdown restrictions help in control of the pandemic. About 60.3 percent (246) of respondents had less trust on government post this pandemic compared to pre-COVID-19 times.

Conclusion: The public perception about reasons for second wave in India acknowledges both human and virus factors and highlights the importance of shared responsibility between citizens and government for controlling the pandemic.
Designing user-centered decision support systems for climate disasters: What information do communities and rescue responders need during floods?
Authors: Hillin Julia , Alizadeh Bahareh , Li Diya , Thompson Courtney M. , Meyer Michelle A. , Zhang Zhe , Behzadan Amir H.
Published: April 2024

Flooding events are the most common natural hazard globally, resulting in vast destruction and loss of life. An effective flood emergency response is necessary to lessen the negative impacts of flood disasters. However, disaster management and response efforts face a complex scenario. Simultaneously, regular citizens attempt to navigate the various sources of information being distributed and determine their best course of action. One thing is evident across all disaster scenarios: having accurate information and clear communication between citizens and rescue personnel is critical.

This research aims to identify the diverse needs of two groups, rescue operators and citizens, during flood disaster events by investigating the sources and types of information they rely on and information that would improve their responses in the future. This information can improve the design and implementation of existing and future spatial decision support systems (SDSSs) during flooding events. This research identifies information characteristics crucial for rescue operators and everyday citizens’ response and possible evacuation to flooding events by qualitatively coding survey responses from rescue responders and the public. The results show that including local input in SDSS development is crucial for improving higher-resolution flood risk quantification models. Doing so democratizes data collection and analysis, creates transparency and trust between people and governments, and leads to transformative solutions for the broader scientific community.
Identifying and assessing corporate employment variables that influence community resilience: A novel model
Authors: Wood Erik Xavier , Lam Jon C. , Sanders Monica
Published: April 2024

Quantifying the concept of disaster resilience on a local level is becoming more critical as vulnerable communities face more frequent and intense disasters due to climate change. In the United States (US), corporations are often evaluated using social justice or environmental sustainability matrices for financial investment consideration. However, there are few tools available to measure a corporation’s contribution to disaster resilience on a local level. This study includes a focused literature review of employment variables that contribute to community resilience and a national survey that asked US emergency managers to rank the variables they believe have the greatest influence on individual resilience. A novel corporate community resilience model that ranks corporate contributions to disaster resilience in the communities where they operate was developed and then tested against data from five employment sectors from the same area. This model can be used by stakeholders to better understand how corporations can most efficiently contribute to county- and subcounty-level disaster resilience. The metrics used in this study are universal and translative, and thus, the development of this resilience model has global disaster resilience implications.
Rapid assessment of public interest in drought and its likely drivers in South Africa
Authors: Bayne Robyn J. , Pyle Des , Chipumuro Masterson , Tandlich Roman
Published: April 2024

The monthly search volumes for drought were extracted from Google® for South Africa using the Keywordseverywhere.com plugin from January 2004 until June 2022. To identify the potential qualitative drivers for such public interest the following data extracted by the plugin were investigated and analysed: the drought-related keywords, the long-tail keywords similar to drought, and the “people also searched for category” from the South African users. The Google Trends monthly score was extracted for South Africa and the Eastern Cape Province, and specific local municipalities/towns/cities in the province. The aim was to assess the relative significance of the drought interest in comparison to public interest in other search terms. The results of the Kruskal–Wallis analyses of variance by ranks showed that there was a statistically significant difference between individual values of the monthly search volumes for drought in South Africa, as a function of time of data extraction (5 percent level of significance; p-value ≤ 4.7 × 10−14). The monthly search volumes increased with time, which is based on the results of the Mann–Kendall test at a 5 percent level of significance (p-value ≤ 0.0092). Analyses of the Google Trends scores indicate that the relative interest in drought in South Africa and the Eastern Cape Province increased with time between January 2004 and June 2022 (the Mann–Kendall test at a 5 percent level of significance; p-value = 0.0011). The population’s searches for drought were relatively low when compared to other search terms on Google. Drought adaptation of the South African community could be considered a driver of the Google searches for drought, but it is a marginal topic compared to other topics in Google searches. It might be necessary to increase this significance by investigating the “Google-search patterns for droughts” in the areas of Tshikaro, Mafusini, Cofimvaba, and Nxotsheni in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.
Special Issue on Climate Change and Sustainability in Emergency Management
Authors: Emergency Management Journal of
Published: April 2024

Volume 22, Number 7
Trends in admissions for COVID-19 in the United States between April 2020 and December 2021 and cardiovascular events
Authors: Ramphul Kamleshun , Dhaliwal Jasninder Singh , Sombans Shaheen , Passi Jatin Kumar , Aggarwal Shruti , Kumar Nomesh , Sakthivel Hemamalini , Ahmed Raheel , Verma Renuka
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can lead to cardiovascular complications. We aimed to understand the trends in admission for COVID-19 and the incidence of various cardiovascular events.

Material and methods

The 2020 and 2021 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was studied for cases of COVID-19 between April 2020 and December 2021 in the United States. Linear-by-linear association helped us understand the trends of various events.

Results

The number of cases of COVID-19 was highest in January 2021 (261,469 patients). The incidence of acute pulmonary embolism rose from 2.08% in April 2020 to 4.82% in November 2021, while deep vein thrombosis cases rose from 1.74% in April 2020 to 2.63% in December 2021. The incidence of cardiac arrest varied, with a maximum of 3.00% in August 2021. Similarly, acute ischemic stroke cases experienced their highest incidence in January 2021 (0.91%). The incidence of myocarditis was highest in April and May 2020 (0.42% each). Peak takotsubo cases were seen between October and December 2021. The highest overall all-cause mortality among COVID-19 cases was seen in April 2020 (16.74%).

Conclusions

Throughout the 21 months of our analysis, various trends in COVID-19 cases and incidence of cardiac events were noticed. This could relate to the different variants of COVID-19, their direct and indirect impact on coagulation pathways and the myocardial tissues, and the protective roles of the vaccines.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi Siswa MAN 2 Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Zuldimon Zuldimon
Published: April 2024

The objective of this research is to determine the influence of learning media and learning motivation on the learning outcomes of economics subject among students at MAN 2 Pesisir Selatan. Additionally, the study aims to examine the combined effect of learning media and learning motivation on the learning outcomes of economics subject among students at MAN 2 Pesisir Selatan. The research will be conducted in two stages. The first stage involves a preliminary survey to gather data on the population size and sample to be surveyed. In the second stage, the instrument will be piloted, followed by data collection. The chosen research design is descriptive quantitative. Descriptive research aims to present factual and comprehensive characteristics of the population in a systematic manner. The research will utilize experimental method and random sampling to select a sample of 120 students from the entire population of MAN 2 Pesisir Selatan. Data collection will take place in May 2023 using class questionnaires and direct experiments. The results of this study indicate that learning outcomes are influenced by learning media, as indicated by the F-value = 0.000 < 0.05. Further testing of the learning media is shown by the t-value = 0.000 < 0.05. This confirms that the learning outcomes of the economics subject improve when measured against explanatory media. The learning outcomes of the economics subject are influenced by learning motivation, as indicated by the F-value = 0.000 < 0.05. Further motivation tests also show a t-value = 0.000 < 0.05.
Efektifitas Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Terhadap Proses Pembelajaran Kimia
Authors: Refnita Refnita
Published: April 2024

Filosofi model pembelajaran kooperatif Group Investigation adalah konstruktivisme, yang dalam proses pembelajarannya bukanlah transfer pengetahuan dari guru kepada siswa, melainkan siswa itu sendiri yang secara aktif menemukan sesuatu dan membangun pengetahuannya sendiri, bukan proses mekanis untuk mengumpulkan fakta. Siswa bertanggung jawab atas hasil belajar. Siswa membuat penalaran dari apa yang mereka pelajari dengan cara menemukan makna, membandingkannya dengan apa yang sudah diketahui, dan menyelesaikan ketidaksamaan antara apa yang sudah diketahui dan apa yang dibutuhkan dalam pengalaman baru.
Analisis Perubahan Makna Dalam Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut Karya Azhari Aiyub
Authors: Ramli Nasrah, Mohammad Harun,
Published: April 2024

This research aims to describe the changes in meaning found in Azhari Aiyub’s Novel entitled Kura-Kura Berjanggut.  This study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The source of this research data is from Azhari Aiyub’s Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut. The data include parts of the novel that contain changes in meaning. The data are analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis techniques. This study shows various changes in meaning found in the Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut written Azhari Aiyub, including generalization, specialization, pejoration, and amelioration changes. Generalization changes are found in the words melecehkan (harass), hamba (slave), abdi (servant), selir-selir (concubines), menyuap (bribe), mengganas (fierce), pahlawan (hero), meniru (mimic), hampa (empty), dan musuh (enemy). Meanwhile, specialization changes can be observed in words suara lonceng (bell sound), bajingan tua (old bastard), yang mulia (your Excellency), dijual (sold), para pelawak (comedians), orang-orang liar (savages), terkutuk (cursed), memburu (hunt), cadar (burqa), dan menyusut (shrink). Furthermore, amelioration changes are found in words baku hantam (fight), menonjok (punch), mencaci maki (berate), lenyap tanpa bekas dari dunia (vanished from the world), seorang durjana (a wicked), penggulingan kekuasaan (overthrow of power), menghalau (dispel), keculasan (laziness), menyikut (elbow), pongah (arrogant), ekspedisi (expedition), benalu (parasite), dan pembangkang (a disobedient). Finally, pejoration changes are found in words lumpuh (paralysed), babi sisir (pig), anak haram (illegitimate child), pejabat rendahan (low rank officials), mampus (dead), dungu (stupid), pencabulan (molestation), membantai (slaughter), bunting (pregnant), mengkhianati (betray), boyak (crushed), meluluhlantakkan (destroy), merampas (rob), membaiat (pledge allegiance, menguntit (stalk), pendaran (luminescence), and muak (fed up).
Analisis Dialek Dalam Bentuk Bahasa Percakapan Dalam Film “Imperfect” Karya Meira Anastasia
Authors: Mimi Rosadi Frindah Selawati Pandiangan,
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penggunaan dialek dalam bentuk Bahasa percakapan yang ada di dalam film Im’Perfect karya Meisa Anastasya. Penggunaan Bahasa dialek dalam film ini merupakan kajian dari sosiolinguistik. Peneliti memilih kajian dialek dalam film Im’Perfect ini dikarenakan banyaknya ditemukan penggunaan dialek dalam bentuk Bahasa percakapan yang ada dalam film tersebut sehingga menarik perhatian peneliti untuk meneliti kajian dialek dalam film ini dalam bentuk kajian sosiolinguistik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kajian dialek dalam bentuk Bahasa percakapan dalam film Im’Perfect karya Meisa Anastasya. Sumber penelitian ini adalah film Im’Perfect yang akan dikaji dengan mengguanakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dalam bentuk naratif. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini menggunakan Teknik analisis data isi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Teknik membaca dan menyimak dari film tersebut. Peneliti menonton film Im’Perfect tersebut kemudian menyimak dialek yang digunakan dalam bentuk Bahasa percakapan yang dikaji secara sosiolinguistik. Temuan dari hasil data penelitian ini adalah banyaknya bentuk dialek Bahasa percakapan yang digunakan dalam film Im’Perfect tersebut sehingga memberikan kemudahan kepada peneliti dalam menganalisis kajian dialek dalam film tersebut. Dialek yang digunakan dalam film tersebut sangat banyak, mulai dari dialek batak, dialek Betawi dan sebagainya. Hasil data disajikan dalam bentuk tampilan gambar dan Bahasa percakapan yang digunakan dalam gambar tersebut. Penggunaan kajian dialek yang digunakan dalam film ini dapat menganalisis bentuk Bahasa percakapan yang digunakan sehingga dapat mendeskripsikan bentuk Bahasa percakapan yang digunakan sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian.
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Saintifik Pada Tema Ekosistem Di Kelas V SD
Authors: Rangkuti Nurhalizah Br , Sukmawarti Sukmawarti
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi karena kurangnya minat siswa dalam menggunakan bahan ajar lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD)  dikarenakan tampilan lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD)  hanya menggunakan kertas buram dan dikemas biasa.  proses belajar mengajar belum sepenuhnya menggunakan pendekatan saintifik, karena siswa masih bergantung dan di dominasi guru dalam pembelajaran. Materi yang terdapat dalam bahan ajar juga masih tergolong meluas belum mengkaitakan dengan lingkungan sekitar siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk Mengembangkan lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) berbasis pendekatan saintifik pada pembelajaran tematik untuk siswa kelas V SD. Dengan adanya lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) berbasis pendekatan saintifik pada pembelajaran tematik untuk siswa kelas V SD. Peserta didik lebih tertarik dan termotivasi dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Pengembangan ini telah menghasilkan suatu produk berupa Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) pada Pembelajaran Tematik Tema 5 Ekosistem untuk siswa kelas V SD  dengan menggunakan model 4D yang dimodifikasi menjadi 3D dengan langkah-langkah (1) Define (Pendefinisian), (2) Design (Perancangan) dan (3) Development (Pengembangan. Berdasarkan evaluasi, saran dan komentar dari respon guru, ahli media dan ahli materi maka Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) pada tema ekosistem yang di kembangkan dinyatakan Valid atau Sangat Layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar dalam pembelajaran. Dengan adanya Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) yang menarik dapat menjadikan proses pembelajaran lebih efektif, lebih semangat dalam belajar dan sangat membantu dalam penyampaian materi khususnya pembelajaran tematik tema 5 materi ekosistem.
WRITING AND READING
Authors: Nascimento Rodrigues Kátia
Published: April 2024

This article aims to present the Writing and Reading Project: a Right for Everyone, developed by me for Escola Municipal Expedicionário Aquino de Araújo. The genesis occurs from concerns and questions as a teacher in the Municipal Networks of Rio de Janeiro (1990 to 1995) and Duque de Caxias (since 1987) in relation to learning to read and write by students and teaching by teachers. Throughout the work, the importance of orality is proposed, for two reasons: it precedes writing and is forgotten at school for the construction of a good text. Speaking and writing as different discursive practices in the same linguistic system. Writing as a point of arrival, as it is carried out in the social sphere. Thus, students are guaranteed the use of their citizenship and taught how to produce texts in the most varied situations. Writing will be given relevance because we live in a literate world where different textual genres circulate. How to teach without the main tool? The text. In this case, the literary text. Another occupation is the path to be taken between the starting point and the arrival point: the student's difficulty in elaborating, concatenating and articulating ideas to develop or transcribe what is thought. How to coordinate all this? How to understand and produce a text without other skills: listening, speaking and reading? Another relevant point is the teaching of grammar in the text, that is, the teaching of grammatical content through the handling of texts. Is Productive Language Teaching possible, filled with reflective activities, that is, creating epilinguistic analysis activities?
Implications of AI in land management
Authors: Kiptoch William Ndiema
Published: April 2024

This study sought to find out implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in land management. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers significant benefits for land development and decision-making, ethical concerns regarding data privacy, bias, and social impact necessitate frameworks to ensure its responsible application. The increasing use of AI models in land management raises ethical concerns about data ownership, privacy, algorithmic bias, environmental impact, and social displacement. Traditional research ethics frameworks may not be sufficient for AI-driven land management practices.  This paper examines critical issues arising from data governance, algorithmic transparency, and environmental and social impact assessment. It proposes frameworks that consider established research ethics principles and advocate for community engagement.  The paper highlights the potential for AI to contribute to sustainable and equitable land management. However, it also identifies potential negative consequences such as job losses, unequal access to technology, and exacerbation of existing social divides.  The paper emphasizes the need for collaboration between researchers, policymakers, communities, and developers to construct ethical frameworks that ensure AI contributes to sustainable land management practices.  These frameworks should address data governance, algorithmic transparency, environmental and social impact assessments, and community engagement.
Sobre Alegria e Esquecimento
Authors: Arcela Walter
Published: April 2024

Neste texto, trato sobre a exposição ‘‘Sobre Alegria e Esquecimento’’, individual do artista pernambucano Marcelo Silveira, inaugurada na Galeria Amparo 60, em Recife. Esta exposição exibe a série de obras, de nome homônimo a mostra, onde Silveira manuseia e ressignifica álbuns de fotografias de formandos das décadas de 1920 a 1940, criando colagens e sobreposições cartemáticas que abordam a noção de memória em paralelo com seu verso, o esquecimento.
Discriminação algorítmica no mercado de trabalho: o viés preditivo na interpretação de dados
Authors: Pantoja Adilson Carvalho , Leão Semírames de Cássia Lopes
Published: April 2024

O presente analisa o uso de inteligência artificial nos processos empresariais de recrutamento e desligamento de trabalhadores. A problemática consiste na ocorrência de práticas discriminatórias por algoritmos, em ofensa aos princípios do art. 6º da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados - nº 13.709/2018. Para tanto, utilizando o método jurídico-dedutivo, através de revisão bibliográfica e estudo de casos, verificou-se os riscos do uso preditivo de dados e da automação de processos decisórios nos contratos trabalhistas. Em conclusão, foi demonstrado que os sistemas automatizados podem reproduzir práticas discriminatórias institucionalizadas ou não, com a influência direta dos controladores e dos dados enviesados.