bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Remote VSD Installation of a Single-Well Platform
Authors: Alghamd Albaraa A. , Alomran Abdulaziz Y. , Alwadaani Abdulrahman T. , Wirasupena Harisza K.
Published: October 2024

Single-well production platforms have presented challenges in terms of the limited footprint of facility upgrades as well as the associated cost of upgrading platforms. The paper will address the installation of a remote VSD system to operate the ESP installed on a single-well platform.

The approach for such a novel project is to locate the closest platform with the required infrastructure available. This is to facilitate ESP deployment on a single-well platform with limited floor space for mounting the surface equipment. To avoid major modifications to the platform structure, the VSD is installed in another platform within the vicinity. Both platforms are connected with a 5 KV submarine cable to operate the ESP remotely.

The subject remote VSD installation on the single-well platform has resulted in a cost avoidance of capital expenditure compared to the conventional platform upgrades to accommodate ESP surface equipment. A minor upgrade to the single-well platform was done for ESP installation to unlock the well's potential in combination with VSD installation on the nearest platform.

The voltage drop in this case is much higher in the single-well platform than in the conventional platform due to the distance from the remote VSD to the ESP. Additionally, the specifications of the cable ensured that the readings were transmitted and available at the VSD skid. The novelty of the remote VSD system is that it will unlock the potential and avoid associated capital costs of upgrading single-well platforms that are constrained due to platform limitations.
Optimized ESP Operations: The Impact of Comprehensive Troubleshooting Workflows on Remote and Field Operations
Authors: McPhail A. G. , Atencia J. P. , Corredor F.
Published: October 2024

Unconventional wells pose significant challenges, making effective Electric Submersible Pump (ESP) troubleshooting essential to enhance production and prolong equipment life. This paper details the successful resolution and prevention of ESP-related problems through comprehensive troubleshooting workflows that connect remote and field operations for a key operator in the Bakken. The consistent execution of these workflows has improved ESP uptime, longevity, and increased production. The operation's success depended on advanced decision trees, digital tools, and efficient communication among team members.

Implementing an operations-tailored ESP optimization team featuring round-the-clock subject matter experts and dedicated field service technicians led to the development of an operational playbook. This comprehensive guideline encompassed proactive trend evaluation, troubleshooting procedures, performance evaluations, and communication protocols. Utilizing SCADA platforms, data analytics, and visualization software, the team provided 24/7/365 monitoring and optimization for hundreds of ESP systems in the Bakken. Through continuous collaboration with the operator and dedicated field service technicians, troubleshooting workflows helped determine whether specific issues required remote or on-site resolution, increasing operational efficiency.

By successfully executing these workflows, ESP uptime, run life, and premature equipment failure rates improved significantly. From 2021 to 2023, field-wide average uptime rose from 94.4% to 96.5% across all assets. Equipment run life increased by 51.3%, equivalent to 117 days, and premature equipment failures (less than 180 days run life) decreased by 63.7%. In a distribution of approximately 35,000 shutdowns, the 24/7 monitoring and optimization team operator observed ~48% fewer high motor temperature shutdowns than the cumulative average for Bakken operators.

This paper presents detailed solutions to troubleshooting the ESP-related problems associated with unconventional wells. It encompasses sophisticated decision trees, utilizing digital tools, and underscores the importance of immediate collaboration between the operator, remote engineers, and field personnel. Implementing a customer-specific ESP optimization team and playbook provides a comprehensive approach, offering fresh insights into integrated problem-solving in the petroleum sector.
A Case Study of Well Integrity Challenges and Resolutions for the Gas Lift Appraisal Project: How 42 Gas Lift Wells Were Developed Post Mitigation of Well Integrity Challenges to Meet Double Barrier Compliance
Authors: Soni Dhirendra Kumar , Mohammed Al Breiki Noora
Published: October 2024

Gas lift is a widely used artificial lift technique to enhance the production of oil and gas wells. However, gas lift operations pose significant well integrity challenges, especially in sour fields where the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) can cause severe corrosion, erosion and stress cracking of the well components. Moreover, gas lift wells require double barrier compliance to prevent the uncontrolled release of hydrocarbons and sour gas to the environment, which can have catastrophic consequences for the health, safety and environment (HSE) of the personnel and the facilities. Therefore, gas lift wells demand special consideration for the casing selection and design, cement compliance, completion material, wellhead surface design, preventive maintenance and HSE testing to meet double barrier requirements.

This paper presents a case study of the well integrity challenges encountered and solutions implemented during the gas lift appraisal project in a sour field in the UAE. The paper aims to discuss the well integrity challenges faced during appraisal study for two wells and demonstrate how the operator was able to achieve double barrier compliance for the gas lift operations during the development of 42 gas lift wells. The paper also intends to provide valuable insights and lessons learned for improving the performance and reliability of gas lift wells in mature sour field.
Understanding the value of meningococcal vaccination for adolescents and young adults in the United States
Authors: Langevin Edith , Robertson Corey , Galarza Katherine , Dogu Alp , Cristeau Olivier , Clay Emilie , Wu Jianhong , Shin Thomas
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: A two-dose series of quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) is recommended for the prevention of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in adolescents in the United States. In June 2024, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices discussed plans to review the adolescent meningococcal vaccination schedule. Various options are under consideration, including removing the first dose of MenACWY at age 11-12 years.
OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the public health impact and cost-effectiveness of administering one or two doses of MenACWY compared to a scenario with no vaccination.
METHODS: We constructed an incidence-based population model to compare costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) associated with different vaccination schedules in a cohort of 11–25-year-olds, from a societal perspective, over a lifetime analytic horizon for outcomes related to death and disabilities. The main analyses compared the standard of care (SoC) to no vaccination and two doses of quadrivalent vaccine at 11 years and 16 years of age to no vaccination. Further scenarios examined the impact of alternative assumptions applied to the first and/or second dose of MenACWY.
RESULTS: Compared to no vaccination, the SoC was projected to reduce IMD cases by 277 per year, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $625,322/QALY. Administering 2 doses of MenACWY was projected to reduce the annual number of IMD cases by 275 at an ICER of $438,948/QALY, which increased to 631 at an ICER of $190,030/QALY when herd immunity was considered. Alternatively, if only 1 dose of MenACWY were administered, the reduction in cases would be 253 if administered at 11–12 years old and 125 if given at 16 years, with ICERs of $252,249 per QALY and $352,169/QALY, respectively. Assuming a 25% increase in vaccination coverage rate, one MenACWY dose at 16 years resulted in 156 cases avoided.
CONCLUSIONS: The two doses of MenACWY that are currently recommended play a crucial role in reducing the burden of IMD and the first dose contributes significantly (≥ 90%) to this reduction. It is essential to take this finding into account when considering any updates to the adolescent meningococcal vaccination schedule in the United States.
Collagen-disruptive cell therapy: adoptive transfer of membrane-anchored, tumor cell surface vimentin-targeted interleukin 12–armed TILs suppress collagen expression to boost deep T-cell infiltration via dual signaling activation and significant CCKAR reduction.
Authors: Li Shulin
Published: October 2024

Tumor-targeted T-cell therapies of various types have been booming, but T-cell therapy is limited by its inability to penetrate the collagen barrier surrounding tumors. The destruction of tumor collagen is significant because collagen both suppresses T cells and contributes to the formation of the extracellular matrix. Our previously reported cell surface vimentin (CSV)–targeted and membrane-anchored IL12-armed (attIL12) T cells can reduce collagen production by killing cancer-associated fibroblasts, thereby increasing T-cell infiltration. However, attIL12-T cells cannot reduce collagen expression by tumors that highly express CCKAR. In this study, we discovered that CCKAR directly boosts collagen production by tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. attIL12-modified tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) disabled collagen production by CCKAR-high autologous tumor cells in vitro and sarcoma patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) in vivo. This disruption of collagen production by tumor cells required a simultaneous interaction between the CSV on autologous tumor cells, which is targeted by attIL12, and HLA-TCR on attIL12-TILs; when either interaction was abrogated, collagen production and CCKAR expression were not shut down. Mechanistically, the interaction between attIL12-TILs and autologous tumor cells synergized IFNγ production, which in combination with CCKAR downregulation reduced collagen expression through suppression of both TGFβ-stimulated SMAD activation and CCKAR-AKT signaling. Diminishing collagen expression from tumor cells significantly increased T-cell infiltration and improved tumor growth inhibition in PDX sarcomas. This study thus uncovers the first tumor collagen–disrupting T-cell therapy we know of. This is significant because collagen is enriched in most high-grade CCKAR+ human sarcomas. Thus, this attIL12-TIL therapy holds great clinical potential for boosting T-cell infiltration in high-grade, collagen-rich tumors.
Rapidly recurring superior cerebellar artery aneurysm following embolization after neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer: a case report
Authors: Pan Qichen , Gu Shujuan , Chen Hongyan , Zhao Xudong , Zhao Jiahui , Zou Cunyi
Published: October 2024

Background
Neoadjuvant therapy is becoming increasingly common for tumor treatment, yet its impact on aneurysm is rarely reported. We report an attractive case in which a superior cerebellar artery aneurysm rapidly recurred following embolization after neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer.
Case presentation:
A 49-year-old female patient underwent superior cerebellar artery embolization and extraventricular drainage for subarachnoid and intraventricular hemorrhage. She had received two cycles of neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer 40 days prior. Postoperatively, she was successfully discharged and received neoadjuvant therapy for one cycle again. Afterwards, she was readmitted due to hydrocephalus. DSA revealed the embolized aneurysm recurred, and secondary embolization and ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery were performed. Four months later, this aneurysm had progressed and subsequently recurred. Considering the urgent need for treatment of breast cancer, we suggested that patient prioritized tumor treatment.
Conclusion
Clinicians should be alert that neoadjuvant therapy may promote the progression of cerebral aneurysms, especially those complicated by hydrocephalus.
Exact parallelized dynamic mode decomposition with Hankel matrix for large-scale flow data
Authors: Asada Hiroyuki , Kawai Soshi
Published: October 2024

An exact parallel algorithm of dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) with Hankel matrices for large-scale flow data is proposed.The proposed algorithm enables the DMD and the Hankel DMD for large-scale data obtained by high-fidelity flow simulations, such as large-eddy simulations or direct numerical simulations using more than a billion grid points, on parallel computations without any approximations.The proposed algorithm completes the computations of the DMD by utilizing block matrices of \(X^TX\inRR{k}{k}\) (where \(X\inRR{n}{k}\) is a large data matrix obtained by high-fidelity simulations, the number of snapshot data is \(n\gtrsim10^9\) , and the number of snapshots is \(k\lesssim O(10^3)\) ) without any approximations: for example, the singular value decomposition of \(X\) is replaced by the eigenvalue decomposition of \(X^TX\) .Then, the computation of $X^TX$ is parallelized by utilizing the domain decomposition often used in flow simulations, which reduces the memory consumption for each parallel process and wall-clock time in the DMD by a factor approximately equal to the number of parallel processes.The parallel computation with communication is performed only for $X^TX$, allowing for high parallel efficiency under massively parallel computations.Furthermore, the proposed exact parallel algorithm is extended to the Hankel DMD without any additional parallel computations, realizing the Hankel DMD of large-scale data collected by over a billion grid points with comparable cost and memory to the DMD without Hankel matrices.Moreover, this study shows that the Hankel DMD, which has been employed to enrich information and augment rank, is advantageous for large-scale high-dimensional data collected by high-fidelity simulations in data reconstruction and predictions of future states (while prior studies have reported such advantages for low-dimensional data).Several numerical experiments using large-scale data, including laminar and turbulent flows around a cylinder and transonic buffeting flow around a full aircraft configuration, demonstrate that (i) the proposed exact parallel algorithm reproduces the existing non-parallelized Hankel DMD, (ii) the Hankel DMD for large-scale data consisting of over a billion grid points is feasible by using the proposed exact parallel algorithm with high parallel efficiency on more than 6 thousand CPU cores, and (iii) the Hankel DMD has advantages for high-dimensional data such as $n\gtrsim10^9$.
Challenges Facing Proper Application of Interprofessional Education in Sudan: Perspectives of Candidates of Master of Health Professions Education (2020-2023)
Authors: Ahmed EMAN , ALI Qurashi
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Traditional medical and health schools used to teach students in separated setup. However, gap appeared between the evolving challenges of health requirements and the static educational system. The latter has failed to keep in pace with the everyday changes in health needs. Interprofessional education (IPE) indicates interaction between various professions and creates a strong base for teamwork and collaboration. The model of IPE is innovative method that might need planning and groundwork prior to execution.
Aim of the study
To determine the challenges that might face application of interprofessional education in Sudanese medical and health schools.
Research method
Design of the current study is descriptive cross-sectional study that conducted via questionnaire. The questionnaire divided into two parts. The first for personal information and second part to assess thoughts and views of the participants to the anticipated challenges for application of IPE in Sudan.
Population were candidates of program of health professions education in Sudan. One hundred and one candidates from various specialties participated in the study; (response rate of 51.53%) The results of statistical analysis use Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) - version 28.
Results
Majority of participants believed that integrating 𝐈𝐏𝐄 curriculum content into existing curriculum represents an obstacle and suggested that learning approach and styles need adjustment for smooth implementation. Majority of participants supported that additional time is crucial to accommodate IPE curriculum. Significant differences in these finding differ according to academic rank, specialty involved and years of experience.
The participants believed in the negative impact of compromised funding, inadequate premises. Majority of the participants irrespective of their specialties, experience or rank assumed that enthused and motivated students -reasonable number of- would facilitate the application.
Conclusion
IPE is an innovative appealing model in adult education that needs meticulous planning and preparation prior to execution.
Clinical trial number: not applicable.
Total Antioxidant Capacity Status In Non-Obese Adolescent Females With PCOS: A cross section study
Authors: Zaki Moushira , Salem Sondos , Salama Ehab , Girgiss Mina Wassef , Elnahas Tamer , Sherity Safenaz Y. El , Youness Eman Refaat
Published: October 2024

Background
The endocrine disease polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has a number of complications. Teenagers all over the globe are becoming increasingly concerned about the syndrome. It has been suggested that oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
Aim
The purpose of the present work was to estimate Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in non –obese adolescents and decide if the TAC could be a potential marker for the prediction and diagnosis of PCOS.
Methods
Serum samples were collected to assess the levels of follicle stimulant hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), serum lipids, serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in 50 non-obese patients with PCOS and 50 controls; correlation analysis was made between serum lipid, hormonal parameters and TAC.
Results
Adolescents with PCOS had significantly lower levels of TAC compared with controls and showed significant higher values of LH, FSH and LH/FSH ratio. There were significant negative correlations between TAC levels with LH, FSH and LH/FSH. Linear regression analysis revealed statistically significant correlations between TAC and LH and FSH levels in non-obese adolescents with PCOS.
Conclusion
Serum TAC level was diminished in non-obese PCOS patients and was related to increase of LH/FSH ratio. So, quantification of TAC activity in serum could be of value in assessment of cases at higher risk for development of PCOS, suggesting its possible role in regulating sex hormones and could have potential roles in the etiopathogenesis of PCOS in non-obese adolescent females.
Analysis of the shear strength of a hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) implant: A in vivo study in pigs
Authors: noree Nikom , Tangpornprasert Pairat , virulsri Chanyaphan , Wangdee Chalika , Akaraphutiporn Ekkapol , Wilairat Vajara
Published: October 2024

We assess the shear strength of a commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) implant coated with hydroxyapatite (HA) in the intramedullary canal of miniature pigs' femur. The research involved the utilization of cylinders coated with cpTi-HA, which had an average diameter of 9 mm and a length of 10 mm. The interfacial strength between the bone and the implant reached an ultimate value of 11.32 MPa. The procedure of implantation was performed on three miniature pigs, and the process of osteointegration was assessed using three-dimensional images and histomorphology. In order to examine any detachment, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to inspect the complete interface between the implant and the bone. Our discoveries revealed a failure mode that resembled the removal of the femoral stem in a hip revision procedure at the bone-to-bone interface.
Advancing Phototherapies in Glioblastomas: Plasma Membrane Damage by Single-Point Laser Irradiation Using Clinical Cancer Markers.
Authors: Carrizo Cristina , Córdoba Jaime Fernández , Oña Ana , D´Agostino Gianluca , Thompson Sebastian
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to present a novel phototherapeutic approach by inducing plasma membrane damage and cell death in glioblastoma cells using single-point laser irradiation rather than larger area irradiation.
Methods:
Glioblastoma cells were cultured in 2D monolayers and 3D spheroid models. Fluorescent markers like 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), the precursor of Protoporphyrin IX (PPIX), and Sodium Fluorescein (NaF) aid in tumor visualization during surgery are being explored for photodynamic therapy (PDT). 5-ALA and NaF were applied to induce PPIX production or dye uptake, respectively. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed dye localization—PPIX on the plasma membrane and NaF in the extracellular space. Cells were irradiated with a focused laser, and the resulting plasma membrane damage was assessed through viability assays and membrane integrity markers. Cell death was quantified in both monolayers and spheroids.
Results:
PPIX was localized on the plasma membrane, while NaF remained in the extracellular space, contacting the membrane. Single-point laser irradiation induced plasma membrane disruption in both conditions, resulting in selective cancer cell death. Both dyes led to significant cell death, even at the center of spheroids, demonstrating the effectiveness of this method in 3D structures.
Conclusions:
This study presents a novel approach using focused laser irradiation and clinically approved dyes to induce precise, targeted cell death in glioblastoma models, suggesting a promising potential for theranostic applications in tumor eradication.
Kimura disease: comprehensive analysis of clinical features, comorbidities, and treatment approaches
Authors: Zhu Wenjiao , Zhang Lei , Zhang Jing , Wang Wei , Xiang Ye , He Dingxian , Shi Jing , Liang Yiran , Shi Yuanping , Ning Xianhui , Ye Ling , Jin Meiling
Published: October 2024

Background
Kimura disease (KD) is a rare, chronic, inflammatory disorder characterized by painless subcutaneous masses, lymphadenopathy, elevated eosinophil counts and increased serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Due to the heterogeneity and rarity, current diagnostic and treatment approaches for KD are often delayed and have limited efficacy.
Methods
The clinicopathological data of 51 KD patients between January 2014 and December 2023 were retrieved and stratified based on age and mass size, respectively. A case ofrecurrent KD who responded well to a low dose of mepolizumab was described.
Results
We found that pruritus occurred in 45.8% of patients, with higher rates in older patients (P=0.033). Edema was observed in 29.2%, with higher prevalence in younger patients (P=0.010). The mean maximum mass size was 3.1cm, varying by age group (P=0.005). The mean time to diagnosis was 36 months, increasing with mass size (P=0.024). Meanwhile, we reported that one of these 51 patients was successfully treated with mepolizumab at a dose of 100mg every 4 weeks.
Conclusion
We conclude that pruritus and edema are the two main clinical manifestation of KD, and the size of mass is related to the time of diagnosis. Biologic agents targeting the Th2 pathway show promise for KD treatment.
A deep learning model to diagnose and evaluate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using biplanar radiographs
Authors: Xie Kunjie , Zhu Suping , Lin Jincong , Li Yi , Huang Jinghui , Lei Wei , Yan Yabo
Published: October 2024

Background
Accurate measurement of the alignment parameters of spinal radiographs is crucial for diagnosing and evaluating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Manual measurement is subjective and time-consuming. The recently developed artificial intelligence models mainly focused on measuring the major curve’s CA on the coronal plane and ignored the evaluation of the sagittal plane. Based on that, we developed a deep learning model that could automatically measure alignment parameters in biplanar radiographs.
Methods
In this study, our model adopted ResNet34 as the backbone network and mainly consisted of landmark detection and CA measurement. A total of 748 biplane radiographs were collected and randomly divided into training and testing sets in a 3:1 ratio. Two senior spinal surgeons independently manually measured alignment parameters and recorded the time taken. The diagnosis performance of the model was evaluated through the ROC curve and AUC. Severity classification and sagittal abnormalities were visualized using a confusion matrix. Compared with the gold standard gold, we tested the reliability and validity of the model using the ICC, simple linear regression, and Bland-Altman plots.
Results
Our AI model achieved the diagnostic accuracy of scoliosis at 97.2%, and AUC was 0.972 (0.940-1.000). For severity classification, the overall accuracy was 94.5%. All accuracy of sagittal abnormalities was greater than 91.8%. The MAD of coronal and sagittal parameters was 2.15 ° and 2.72 °, and ICC was 0.985, 0.927. The simple linear regression showed a strong correction between all parameters and the gold standard (p < 0.001, R2 > 0.686), and the Bland-Altman plots showed that the mean difference of the model was within 2 °.
Conclusions
This deep learning model can accurately and automatically measure spinal alignment parameters with reliable results, significantly reducing diagnostic time, and might provide the potential to assist clinicians.
Hepatotoxic effects of low-concentration exposure to the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in adult male zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Oliveira Breno Raul Freitas , Neto José Soares , Davico Carla , Moreira Daniele , Pinheiro Lucas , Pereira Aline Guimarães , Izídio Geison Souza
Published: October 2024

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is an herbicide widely used around the world. It has been detected in water samples, with a half-life ranging from 15 to 300 days depending on environmental conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a commercial formulation containing 2,4-D on oxidative stress markers, as well as on liver histopathological and histochemical parameters, in adult male Danio rerio for 7 days. The results revealed structural and vascular lesions in the livers of zebrafish across all groups exposed to 2,4-D (at concentrations of 0.03, 0.3 and 3.0 mg/L). Analysis of the Histopathological Alteration Index suggests severe (3.0 mg/L) or moderate (0.03 and 0.3 mg/L) liver impairment in zebrafish exposed to 2,4-D. Exposure to the herbicide also led to a reduction in acid polysaccharides (0.03 and 3.0 mg/L) and glutathione (GSH) levels (at concentrations of 0.03 and 3.0 mg/L), and increased levels of the oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (at concentrations of 0.03 and 0.3 mg/L). No significant changes in lipid peroxidation levels were observed. These findings suggest that as little as 7 days of exposure to permissible concentrations of 2,4-D (0.03 mg/L) or higher (0.3 and 3.0 mg/L) can negatively affect biochemical, histochemical, and histopathological parameters, as well as the integrated biomarker response index in the liver of adult zebrafish. This study provides the first evidence of the hepatotoxic effects of the herbicide 2,4-D in adult male Danio rerio.
Explaining the experience of telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation in Kermanshah emergency medical Dispatch: A qualitative study
Authors: zaheri Fatemeh , Abdi Alireza , Rahmati Mahmood
Published: October 2024

Background: Telephone Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (T-CPR) administered by Emergency Medical Dispatchers (EMDs) to bystanders of out-of-hospital arrest patients when the patient's condition is not visible, present significant challenges. There is limited literature on T-CPR, prompting our study to explore the experiences of T-CPR in the Kermanshah EMDs.
Method: This descriptive phenomenological study involved 12 EMDs from the Kermanshah Emergency Medical Center, all of the participants were female and with an average age of 29 years. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with participants selected via purposive sampling. The data were analyzed thematically using Collizi's seven-step approach.
Result: The study included 12 EMDs, with an average age of 28.33 years and 2.33 years of work experience. Analysis of 12 interviews yielded 456 codes, which were categorized into three main themes: 1-“Perceived Nursing Care in Telephone Resuscitation”: sub-themes include Nursing care in anxiety, empathic care, Care based on professional ethical principles, 2-“Professional Abilities of EMDs”: Sub-themes include perceived professional skills of EMDs and satisfaction from successful performance, 3-“Cultural Necessities Related to Telephone Resuscitation”: Sub-themes include challenges related to training, communication barriers, the need for public education and cultural changes.
Conclusion:Participants reported that T-CPR is often unsuccessful in their region due to factors such as low levels of education, the need for cultural reform, and a general lack of public awareness about emergency tasks. Effective T-CPR requires improved communication skills from EMDs, correcting the misconception that CPR can worsen the condition, presence of EMDs fluent in different accents, informing the public about answering correctly to the EMD’s questions, in strategies for managing stressful situations, and enhanced training for bystanders. Addressing these issue through better education and cultural shifts is essential for improving T-CPR outcomes.
Diagnostic Accuracy of miRNA to Identify Colorectal cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Zhigang , Wu Zhengheng , Tan Haifen , Yu Fuqian , Wang Dongmei
Published: October 2024

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly aggressive, high-incidence malignancy. CRC accounted for approximately one out of every ten cancer cases and deaths. Although miRNAs are often used for medical diagnostic purposes, their diagnostic effectiveness in CRC remains uncertain.
Methods
Therefore, from January 2016 to April 2024, we conducted a comprehensive search of China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (WoS) and other resources. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), area under the curve (AUC) and Fagan plot analysis were used to assess the overall test performance of machine learning approaches. Moreover, we evaluated the publication bias by the Deeks’funnel plot asymmetry test.
Results
Ultimately, a total of 23 publications were identified and incorporated into this meta-analysis. The aggregated diagnostic data were as follows: The sensitivity of the test was 0.83, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.81–0.84. The specificity was found to be 0.83 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.81–0.84. The PLR was 4.60 with a 95% CI of 3.77–5.62. The NLR was 0.22 with a 95% CI of 0.17–0.27. The DOR was 23.79 with a 95% CI of 16.26–34.81. The AUC was 0.90 with a 95% CI of 0.87–0.92. The Deek funnel plot suggests that publication bias has no statistical significance. The Fagan plot analysis that the positive probability is 50% and the nagative probability is 5%.
Conclusion
In summary, our results suggest the high accuracy of miRNAs in diagnosing CRC.
Geomorphological evolution of small watershed on the Loess Plateau based on slope shape spectra
Authors: Jiang Hongtao , Chen Nan , Wang Chen , Li Sijia , Ou Mengyao
Published: October 2024

The Loess Plateau, the world's largest loess deposit, is characterized by distinctive landforms and severe soil erosion. Limited long-term observational data has hindered a comprehensive understanding of watershed evolution in this region. This study uses laboratory-based artificial rainfall simulations to investigate the long-term geomorphological evolution of watersheds on the Loess Plateau.Digital elevation models and terrain analysis techniques were employed to analyze geomorphological processes. Through correlation analysis and Sheffield entropy calculations, an optimal combination of terrain factors—including slope, aspect, plan curvature, profile curvature, and elevation—was identified to accurately describe slope characteristics. Multi-resolution image segmentation, Moran's I, and weighted variance were used to optimize segmentation parameters, achieving precise slope unit segmentation. Based on these parameters, we classified slope shapes, constructed slope shape spectra, and analyzed their changes over time. Results indicate that as the watershed evolves, the entropy of slope spectra increases while skewness and kurtosis decrease, indicating greater geomorphological complexity and diversity. The watershed's evolution progresses through three stages: slope shape development, slope shape growth, and slope shape maturity, each marked by distinct geomorphological features. By analyzing landscape indices at both class and landscape levels, we observed significant variation during the early development stage, followed by stabilization during the maturation phase. These findings demonstrate that slope shape spectra effectively capture the dynamic evolution of slopes in the Loess Plateau, offering new insights for understanding its geomorphological evolution and providing a novel method for quantitative geomorphology.
China vs. USA: Unpacking Their Central Roles in the Global Production Network
Authors: Guan Jun , Liu Yue , Xing Lizhi , Hou Tingyu , Qiao Xiaoyong
Published: October 2024

The United States, as the world's largest consumer market, is through the "Climate Act", "De-Risking", and other means, and continues to promote friend-shoring, near-shoring, and industrial chain relocation plan to China's import and export trade recovery a layer of haze. From 2020 onwards, China will gradually decline from the United States' largest trading partner to the third largest trading partner, surpassed by Mexico and Canada, and the gap in market share is increasing. In conclusion, Sino-US trade friction has profoundly changed the structure of the international division of labor and the structure of traded commodities, and how to measure the impact on the global economic system as well as the industrial status of the two countries from the perspective of complexity science has become an important issue worthy of research. This paper utilizes the Multi-Region Input-Output (MRIO) Data compiled by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to construct the Global Production Network (GPN) aimed at restoring the transfer process of intermediate products in the Global Value Chain (GVC), and designs a dynamic network characteristic indicator based on the biased random walk process, and uses it to measure the industrial impact and demand dependence of the industrial sector on a global scale. The study shows that Sino-US trade friction can ostensibly protect the United States trade, but it actually hinders the process of globalization, and can only win a certain competitive advantage for it in the short term; in the long run, this unilateral protection behavior is not only detrimental to the integration of the global economy, but will also exacerbate the trade deficit, intensify trade friction, and weaken its own economic strength. Finally, based on the principles of "mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation", this paper puts forward policy recommendations for expanding and deepening economic and trade cooperation between the two countries.
NONO directs PKM2-mediated H3T11ph to promote triple-negative breast cancer metastasis by activating SERPINE1 expression
Authors: Li Qixiang , Ci Hongfei , Zhao Pengpeng , Yang Dongjun , Zou Yi , Chen Panhai , Wu Dongliang , Shangguan Wenbing , Li Wenyang , Meng Xingjun , Xing Mengying , Chen Yuzhong , Zhang Ming , Chen Bing , Kong Lingdong , Zen Ke , Huang David C.S. , Jiang Zhiwei , Zhao Quan
Published: October 2024

Background
Emerging evidence has revealed that PKM2 has oncogenic functions independent of its canonical pyruvate kinase activity, serving as a protein kinase that regulates gene expression. However, the mechanism by which PKM2, as a histone kinase, regulates the transcription of genes involved in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) metastasis remains poorly understood.
Methods
We integrated cellular analysis, including cell viability, proliferation, colony formation, and migration assays; biochemical assays, including protein interaction studies and ChIP; clinical sample analysis; RNA-Seq and CUT&Tag data; and xenograft or mammary-specific gene knockout mouse models, to investigate the epigenetic modulation of TNBC metastasis via NONO-dependent interactions with nuclear PKM2.
Results
We report that the transcription factor NONO directly interacts with nuclear PKM2 and directs PKM2-mediated phosphorylation of histone H3 at threonine 11 (H3T11ph) to promote TNBC metastasis. We show that H3T11ph cooperates with TIP60-mediated acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27ac) to activate SERPINE1 expression and to increase the proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of TNBC cells in a NONO-dependent manner. Conditional mammary loss of NONO or PKM2 markedly suppressed SERPINE1 expression and attenuated the malignant progression of spontaneous mammary tumors in mice. Importantly, elevated expression of NONO or PKM2 in TNBC patients is positively correlated with SERPINE1 expression, enhanced invasiveness, and poor clinical outcomes.
Conclusion
These findings revealed that the NONO-dependent interaction with nuclear PKM2 is key for the epigenetic modulation of TNBC metastasis, suggesting a novel intervention strategy for treating TNBC.
The Role of AI in Shaping Future Tourism and Hospitality Trends
Authors: Nguyen Quoc-Loc , Tran Phi-Phung
Published: October 2024

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and other advanced technologies is transforming the Tourism and Hospitality industry, reshaping operations and elevating service standards. This study offers a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of AI’s impact on the sector, providing valuable insights into key research trends, influential authors, and significant contributions from academia and industry. Using data from the Web of Science, the study examines the evolution of AI-related research from 1990 to 2023, highlighting its role in enhancing customer satisfaction, operational efficiency, and innovation. The findings reveal the industry's growing reliance on AI to address challenges such as those posed by the COVID-19 pandemic and advance smart tourism and sustainable development. This research not only maps the current landscape of AI in hospitality and tourism but also identifies future directions for technology-driven growth and innovation. By bridging the gap between academic research and industry practice, this study offers a valuable resource for scholars and practitioners aiming to harness the potential of AI to drive competitive advantage and sustainable progress in the field.
Evaluation of PAMAM dendrimers-stabilized gold nanoparticles: two-stage procedure synthesis and toxicity assessment in MCF-7 breast cancer cells
Authors: Kołodziejczyk Agnieszka Maria , Grala Magdalena , Komorowski Piotr
Published: October 2024

Gold nanoparticles stabilized with polyamidoamine dendrimers are one of the potential candidates for use as a contrast agent in computed tomography. This work demonstrates a rapid, two-step synthesis of such complexes, which are size-stable for up to 18 months. The first step of the synthesis involves a short 3-min sonication of gold (III) chloride hydrate with polyamidoamine dendrimers of 4th generation, while the second step uses microwaves to reduce gold (III) chloride hydrate with sodium citrate. Physicochemical characterization of the gold nanoparticle-polyamidoamine dendrimers complexes was performed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering technique, infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The toxicity of synthesized gold nanoparticles stabilized with polyamidoamine dendrimers on MCF-7 cell line has been studied using tetrazolium salt reduction test. The produced gold nanoparticles were administered to the MCF-7 cell culture line in two configurations: immediately after synthesis and after 18 months from synthesis. The cytotoxicity results were supplemented with studies of the influence of commercially available gold nanoparticles stabilized only with sodium citrate.
Integrating Molecular and Phenotypic Approaches to Assess Genetic Diversity in Heliconia Genotypes
Authors: AY Jagtap , PR Jadhav , SA Safeena , AU Solanke , MC Pagariya , KV Prasad , PG Kawar
Published: October 2024

The genus Heliconia exhibits remarkable diversity, particularly in the morphological traits of its plants. Notable variations in the color and size of inflorescence bracts, along with differences in flower type and size, are key markers for distinguishing species and genotypes. This extensive morphological diversity, observed at both interspecies and intraspecific levels, prompted the present study, which aims to assess genetic variability among 28 Heliconiagenotypes using molecular markers. We employed Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers to analyze genetic diversity. The Jaccard similarity coefficient indicated considerable genetic variation among the genotypes, with pairwise values ranging from 0.302 to 0.943, leading to the clustering of the genotypes into two major groups at a similarity coefficient of 0.59. Furthermore, multifactorial analysis (MFA) was conducted on agro-morphological traits, revealing leaf morphology and plant height as the most significant contributors to phenotypic variation. Hierarchical cluster analysis based on phenotypic data also divided the genotypes into two main clusters, corresponding to the groupings identified by molecular data. These findings highlight the value of integrating molecular and phenotypic analyses to comprehensively evaluate genetic diversity and characterize Heliconia populations. This approach not only aids in the conservation and management of Heliconia genetic resources but also supports future breeding programs aimed at developing improved cultivars with desirable ornamental and commercial traits.
Investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance gene prevalence in Capnocytophaga spp. isolated from dogs and cats and characterization of novel class A β-lactamase CST-1
Authors: Umeda Kaoru , Suzuki Michio , Imaoka Koichi
Published: October 2024

Purpose Capnocytophaga spp., common inhabitants of the animal oral cavity, are zoonotic pathogens transmitted to humans through dog/cat bites and cat scratches. Appropriate antimicrobial therapy is essential for treat this zoonotic disease because of the rapid deterioration at disease onset; however, antimicrobial resistance of animal bite-associated Capnocytophaga spp. has not been fully investigated. We sought to understand the antimicrobial susceptibility and prevalence of resistance genes among Capnocytophaga sp. isolates obtained from dogs and cats.Method Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of nine antibiotics for 57 C. canimorsus, C. cynodegmi, C. canis, C. felis, C. stomatis, and C. catalasegens isolates were assayed by E-test. Resistance genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction, nucleotide sequencing, and whole-genome sequencing.Results The MICs of penicillin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, clindamycin, minocycline, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin were high for some isolates. The MICs of imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were low for all isolates. Known resistance genes blacfxA2, blaOXA−347, emrF, and tetQ were detected using polymerase chain reaction. Mutation in the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyrA was also detected. Cst-1, a previously unreported gene, was identified using whole-genome analysis of two C. stomatis isolates. CST-1 was proposed as a class A, subclass A2, β-lactamase based on amino acid sequence and phylogenetic relationship. In recombination experiments, CST-1 inactivated penicillin and first- and second-generation cephems; however, sulbactam inhibited it.Conclusion Known and novel resistance genes are prevalent among Capnocytophaga spp. in animal oral cavities. The findings have significant clinical implications, especially in antimicrobial treatment.
Maximizing Oil Recovery and Economic Returns through Strategic Well Spacing in the Mishrif Formation, Southern Iraq
Authors: Khashman Mohammed A. , Shirazi Hamed , AL-Dujaili Ahmed N. , Sulaiman Nada M.
Published: October 2024

The Mishrif Formation in Southern Iraq is a major carbonate reservoir with significant hydrocarbon potential. However, its complex geology presents challenges for efficient oil recovery. This study investigates the optimization of oil recovery and economic outcomes by integrating dynamic modeling and well-spacing strategies in the Mishrif Formation. Dynamic reservoir modeling provides a detailed simulation of reservoir behavior, enabling precise decision-making regarding Well placement and production strategies. Optimized Well spacing maximizes reservoir drainage while minimizing interference, enhancing overall recovery rates. Using a selected oil field in Southern Iraq as a case study, this research demonstrates the application of these advanced techniques. The results indicate that integrating dynamic modeling with optimized Well spacing significantly improves oil recovery and economic performance. Key findings include increased hydrocarbon production, reduced operational costs, and improved financial returns. This study contributes to the broader understanding of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in carbonate reservoirs, offering valuable insights for future EOR projects in similar geological settings. The implications of this research are substantial for the oil industry, particularly in regions with complex reservoirs like the Mishrif Formation. The findings suggest that adopting these advanced techniques can lead to more efficient and economically viable oil recovery operations. Future research should focus on refining these methods and exploring their applicability in other challenging reservoir environments.
Integrating ecological niche modeling and land use analysis for targeted conservation of Elaeocarpus prunifolius in India
Authors: Iralu Viheno Iralu , Adhikari Dibyendu , Upadhaya Krishna , Choudhury Hiranjit
Published: October 2024

Mismatch between broad spatial scales at which niche models operate vis-à-vis the finer localized scales required for conservation actions often hinder the effective translation of model outputs into actionable strategies. This study addresses this issue by integrating ecological niche modelling (ENM) with land use and land cover (LULC) analysis to improve the conservation status of a threatened tree species Elaeocarpus prunifolius in Northeast India. Using the Maximum Entropy (Maxent) model, we predicted the potential distribution of E. prunifolius using MODIS-based Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and ASTER-based elevation data. The predicted distribution, covering 8.97% (~ 201,321 ha) of Meghalaya's total geographical area, was further refined through the overlay of LULC maps, identifying ~ 17,033 ha as highly suitable habitat. Field validation of the predicted distribution maps led to the discovery of new populations, confirming the model accuracy. This integrated approach demonstrates the effectiveness of combining ENM with LULC analysis for the precise identification of conservation sites, thereby improving the potential for successful conservation and reintroduction efforts for E. prunifolius. The study highlights the critical role of integrating predictive models with ground validation in developing informed and effective conservation strategies.