bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Revival of Cholera Vaccines: The Century-Old Making of a Global Success Story
Authors: Heyerdahl Leonardo
Published: November 2024

Cholera vaccines have existed since the nineteenth century but were largely considered an ineffective control strategy for much of their history. However, in 2012, cholera vaccination campaigns were piloted in Haiti and Guinea using a preexisting vaccine formula. These initial efforts quickly expanded to dozens of countries. A global stockpile of millions of doses was established, positioning cholera vaccines as a cornerstone to the Global Task Force on Cholera Control’s Roadmap to ending cholera by 2030. What factors contributed to this remarkable turnaround? This piece explores the epistemic, moral, and industrial reconfigurations that sustained the crafting of a global vaccine success story and its ramifications within a shifting global health landscape, including the potential displacement of water and sanitation interventions. The research is based on my participation in cholera vaccine introductions as a medical NGO worker and on symmetric ethnographic fieldwork conducted in African settings targeted for reactive cholera vaccination and in global North centers influencing global cholera vaccine policy.
La pêche wolastoqey à l’oursin vert : Agencement socioécologique dans l’estuaire du Saint-Laurent
Authors: Gagnon-Lewis Charlotte , Mirza Vincent
Published: November 2024

Cette recherche explore les motivations inhérentes à la pêche commerciale de l’oursin vert par la Première Nation Wolastoqiyik Wahsipekuk. Cette pratique de pêche met en opposition une série de logiques : locales et globales, revendications territoriales et marchés étrangers, approches industrielles et préoccupations environnementales. L’article suggère que l’anthropologie contemporaine, à travers le concept d’agencement, permet une compréhension plus complète des réalités complexes de cette pratique. À partir de données ethnographiques recueillies dans l’industrie de l’oursin au Bas-Saint-Laurent, l’article soutient que cette pêche permet aux pêcheurs de négocier la préservation de leur mode d’occupation du territoire ancestral malgré les pressions écologiques, économiques et politiques propres à l’époque contemporaine. L’article suggère également que la prise en compte de cette négociation ouvre des perspectives vers lesquelles repenser nos modes d’approvisionnements alimentaires inadaptés aux réalités fluctuantes du monde contemporain.
In Search of Atmospheres: Directions, Methods, Perspectives: An interview with Tonino Griffero
Authors: Sokolovskiy Sergei , Griffero Tonino
Published: November 2024

The interview touches upon the diversity of traditions (including national ones) of atmospheric research, on the correlation of the concepts of (affective) atmosphere with the concepts of mood (Stimmung) and ambiance, on research methods and ways of conceptualizing atmospheric phenomena by the German phenomenologist, Hermann Schmitz, and the specialist in aesthetics, Gernot Böhme, and, finally, on the prospects of using the methods and approaches under consideration in social sciences.
Vaccins imparfaits : Un problème épineux dans le développement accéléré des vaccins
Authors: Graham Janice , Peeters Grietens Koen
Published: November 2024

Si aucun vaccin ne peut offrir une protection totale, un haut niveau de réglementation en matière de sécurité, d’efficacité et de qualité est fondamental pour la confiance du public et l’adoption des vaccins en tant qu’outils essentiels de la santé publique mondiale. Cet article traite d’une préoccupation croissante au sujet des vaccins sous-optimaux « imparfaits » qui menacent les interventions d’urgence en cas de pandémie, ainsi que les programmes de santé publique habituel. Des normes réglementaires souples permettent aujourd’hui d’approuver plus rapidement des vaccins et des produits thérapeutiques dont l’efficacité n’est peut-être pas optimale. Des normes réglementaires flexibles permettent aujourd’hui d’approuver plus rapidement des vaccins et des produits thérapeutiques dont l’efficacité pourrait être sous-optimale. Les compromis entre les avantages et les inconvénients qui jouent un rôle considérable dans l’évaluation réglementaire, et à tous les stades du développement et de l’administration des vaccins, méritent d’être mieux connus du public, d’être plus transparents et de faire l’objet d’une plus grande responsabilisation. En nous basant sur le cas du premier vaccin antipaludique homologué, le RTS,S Mosquirix™, et à la lumière de l’approbation rapide des vaccins contre la COVID-19, nous examinons les implications socio-techniques des vaccins imparfaits dans les logiques vaccinales mondiales et suggérons des possibilités de renforcement de la légitimité pour informer la prochaine génération de la politique réglementaire en matière de technologie.
Processing of Sludge Water from Alumina Production by Electrodialysis
Authors: Vasiunina N.V. , Dubova I.V. , Druzhinin K.E. , Ghilmanshina T.R.
Published: November 2024

The possibility of using the electrodialysis for processing weak aluminate solutions (sludge water) for the purpose of their concentration and causticization is analyzed. For testing, a three-chamber electro-dialysis cell with heterogeneous cation exchange membranes MK-40 was used. The optimal operating parameters of the process were determined, as follows: pole-to-pole distance 3–4 cm and current density 2 A/dm2 at the operating voltage on the cell of 20–26 V. Specific electricity consumption was established as 9.7–20.6 kWh/kg alkali, causticization efficiency 56.1–69.6%, alkali yield – 81%.
Conversion of CO2 into Synthetic Motor Fuels
Authors: Zubkov I.N. , Saliev A.N. , Zubkova M.A. , Telegin D.V. , Papeta O.P. , Dulnev A.V. , Yakovenko R.E.
Published: November 2024

The process of CO2 conversion into synthetic hydrocarbons including the stages of synthesis gas production on the catalyst NIAP 06-06 and hydrocarbon synthesis by the Fischer-Tropsch method on a bifunctional zeolite-containing catalyst has been investigated. Experimental studies of the process of catalytic conversion of CO2 into synthesis gas were carried out in order to obtain gas with the ratio of H2/CO close to the required ratio for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The possibility of obtaining gasoline and diesel fractions of hydrocarbons with a high content of isomeric structures that increase the performance characteristics of motor fuels has been shown. The yield of hydrocarbons C5+ with 1 m3 of initial CO2 and H2 at the synthesis temperature of 220 °C is found to be 44.5 g.
Transformation of Forest Phytocenoses Near the Gypsum Mining Enterprise in the Arkhangelsk Region
Authors: Nakhod V.A. , Malov A.I. , Churakova E.Yu. , Sidorova O.V.
Published: November 2024

The results of monitoring studies of forest vegetation in the vicinity of a gypsum mining enterprise in the Arkhangelsk region are presented. The study of the most important morphometric parameters and vitality of plants of all main tiers of forest communities, as well as extra-tier biota, which included epiphytic and epixylous mosses and lichens, was carried out. It was shown that the composition and structure of the forest stand, herbaceous-shrub, moss-lichen tiers, as well as extra-tier biota did not undergo noticeable changes. It was noted that on the majority of sample plots, which are located in close proximity to the quarry boundary, there was an increase in the number of undergrowth, changes in the height and vitality of undergrowth bushes.
Anthropogenic Impact on Soils of Cities Irkutsk, Angarsk
Authors: Lopatina D.N.
Published: November 2024

The morphological field description of soil profiles of the territory of Irkutsk region was carried out. Samples of soils, soil-forming rocks and vegetation were taken for further physical and chemical analyses to determine soil properties in the studied areas. Sample preparation of soils was carried out, phytotoxicity of soils was analyzed. Processing of the obtained data was carried out, as a result of which the percentage of germination of radish seeds in the upper horizons of soils of the key areas of Irkutsk and Angarsk cities was revealed, the length of shoots and the length of roots in the soils of the studied samples were measured, the index of soil toxicity was calculated.
Comparison of the Ability of Woody Plants of Different Species to Accumulate Heavy Metals in Urban Environment
Authors: Petukhov A.S. , Kremleva T.A. , Khritonin N.A. , Petukhova G.A.
Published: November 2024

Soil and aerotechnogenic migration of metals into woody plants (birch (Betula pendula) and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera)) from technogenic zones of Tyumen was studied. Soil and tree leaves were sampled in the conditionally background area, near the airport, railway station and bus station, as well as in the area of enterprises: engine-building, oil refinery, battery and metallurgical plants. The content of acidsoluble form of metals in soils and leaves was determined by atomic emission spectroscopy. It was revealed that the accumulation of metals in soils from the anthropogenic zones of Tyumen compared to the control decreased in the series Pb>Cd>Cr>Cr>Ni>Zn>Cu>Fe>Co>Mn and reached 20 times. The accumulation of metals by birch leaves was found to decrease in the series Pb>Cr>Fe>Co>Cu>Cu>Ni>Zn>Mn>Cd, and by poplar leaves – Cr>Fe>Pb>Zn>Cd>Cu>Co>Mn>Ni. The accumulation and migration of metals in soils and trees from the urban environment were analyzed, which allowed us to identify Cd, Pb and Cr as metals with the “highest ecological risk”.
International Legal Framework for Traditional Knowledge and Intellectual Property Rights
Authors: Sukardi Dina Haryati , Malagano Tahura , Muhadi Muhadi , Dwi Maharani Aqilla , Yonnawati Yonnawati
Published: November 2024

Traditional knowledge held by indigenous and local communities has important cultural and ecological value. International legal frameworks have been developed to protect and manage this knowledge in a fair and sustainable manner. Legal instruments such as the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Nagoya Protocol regulate access to genetic resources and promote the equitable sharing of benefits among communities holding traditional knowledge. However, implementation at the national level is faced with challenges such as harmonization with complex national laws and limited resources. Case studies demonstrate the various strategies used by countries to improve legal protection, including strengthening national legal frameworks and active participation of indigenous communities in decision-making. With joint efforts, it is hoped that this legal framework will ensure that traditional knowledge is well preserved for future generations, while providing equitable benefits to the communities that own it.
The Effect of a Realistic Mathematics Education Approach with the Jigsaw Learning Model on Students' Creative Thinking Ability and Self-regulated Learning
Authors: Partiga Maryam Bumi , Dhoruri Atmini
Published: November 2024

This study aims to describe: (1) The effect of a Realistic Mathematics Education Approach with a Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model on Students' Creative Thinking Abilities; (2) The effect of a Realistic Mathematics Education Approach with a Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model on Students' Learning Independence; (3) The effect of a Realistic Mathematics Education Approach with a Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model on Students' Creative Thinking Abilities and Self-regulated Learning. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design. The population in this study were all class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Kota Bima for the 2023/2024 academic year, consisting of 10 classes. Two classes were randomly selected as the research sample, namely class VIII-2 as the experimental class I, which was treated with realistic mathematics education approach with a jigsaw type cooperative learning, and class VIII-3 as the experimental class II, which was given the realistic mathematics education approach. The instruments used to collect data were creative thinking ability tests and self-regulated learning questionnaires. The validity of the contents of the instrument was determined by asking for the assessment of two experts (expert judgment) who stated that the instrument was suitable for use after revision. The tests used were independent sample t-test and hottelling T2. The results of the study show: (1) Learning using realistic mathematics education approach with a jigsaw type cooperative learning model has a significant effect on students' creative thinking abilities; (2) Learning using a realistic mathematics education approach with a jigsaw type cooperative learning model has a significant effect on self-regulated learning; (3) Learning using a realistic mathematics education approach with a jigsaw type cooperative learning model has a significant effect on students' creative thinking abilities and self-regulated learning.
Analysis of High School Students' Mathematical Literacy Skills in Solving Contextual Problems on SPtDV Material
Authors: Harahap Lidra Ety Syahfitri , Andayani Sri
Published: November 2024

Mathematical literacy is one of the abilities that must be possessed in today's 21st-century education. This study aims to describe the mathematical literacy skills of grade X students at one of the Yogyakarta high schools in Bantul Regency in solving contextual problems on SPtDV (System of Inequality of Two Variables) material. The method used was descriptive qualitative. Data were collected through multiple-choice tests, descriptions, and questionnaires using SPtDV material. Data analysis was done by reducing and presenting data, and drawing conclusions based on indicators of students' mathematical literacy (mathematical process). Sampling of the population was carried out using a non-purposive sampling technique. To determine the number of samples to be taken, researchers used a saturated sampling technique. The research subjects were students of class X of Yogyakarta Private Senior High School in Bantul Regency in the first semester of the 2023/2024 academic year, with a total of 20 students. The results showed that students with high ability were able to fulfill all three aspects of the indicators in mathematical literacy skills, namely formulating, using, and interpreting. While students with moderate ability were able to fulfill two aspects of the indicator, namely formulating and using. And students with low ability were only able to fulfill one aspect of the indicator, namely formulating. The percentage of results obtained is based on the Mathematical Literacy Profile Criteria, namely: 10% proficient, 60% proficient, 15% basic, and 15% need special intervention. This study implies that it is important for other researchers to explore the factors that influence the mathematical literacy skills of low-ability students, especially in high school students or equivalent.
“Don’t just be ordinary”: Understanding the Resilience of College Students of Color at a Predominantly White Institution
Authors: Storlie Cassandra Ann , Mulvey Bridget , Erby Adrienne
Published: November 2024

Despite the prevalence of student multicultural centers providing support to students of Color across higher education institutions in the United States, experiences related to marginalization and discrimination remain present on college campuses. Using an ecological systems framework, researchers interviewed seven undergraduates active with their university’s student multicultural center to explore their experiences of resilience more deeply at a Predominantly White Institution (PWI). Findings indicate a need for expanding support for students who experience frequent microaggressions and stereotyping related to their marginalized identities. Systemic recommendations for working with college students of Color are presented.
The Effect of the Payment of Diya by the Institutions on the Acquittal of the Debtor's Liability
Authors: Rezaei Musa , Jafari Rasool , Babaei Esmail
Published: November 2024

Most of well-known jurists of the Ahl al-Bayt and Hanafi schools have officially recognized the responsibility of the wise man in pure unintended murder and have agreed with the guarantee of the wise man. Just as in the era of the issuance of the Ahadith, the inclusion of ruling of the responsibility of the wise has been definite; But today's conditions of the society seems completely different from the conditions of the era when those Ahadith were issued; Because in the era of issuing the Ahadith, tribial affiliations and tribal relations prevailed in the societies of that day, especially in the Arabian Peninsula, and support and compensation were done through the tribal system, but today, the tribal system and tribal relations have been dismantled, and compensation and protection are done through commitments and contracts. Today, in many societies, the guarantee of the wise is totally removed, so there will not be any ruling. In such societies, compensation for damages must be done through commitments and contracts with institutions such as insurance, but in societies where guarantee of the wise is still in effect, if the wise shows disobedience to the payment of indemnity and its performance by institutions such as insurance, in some cases the wise will be acquitted of responsibility, and in some cases due to negligence of the divine duty, the wise will be punished even though compensation has been done by the institutions. Based on this, the present article tries to discuss and investigate the possibility of replacing institutions such as insurance instead of the wise institution in Ahl al-Bayt jurisprudence and Hanafi jurisprudence.
Arabic Language Learning Strategy for Elementary School Graduates in Pondok Pesantren Yusuf Abdussatar Kediri Lobar West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Gufron Moh. , Junaidi Junaidi , Mulianah Baiq , Rohmawati Rohmawati
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the Arabic language learning strategy for elementary school graduates at Pondok Pesantren Yusuf Abdussatar, Kediri Lobar, West Nusa Tenggara. The background of this research is based on the importance of mastering Arabic as a means of communication and understanding religious texts in Islamic boarding schools. However, elementary school graduates who enter pesantren often have limitations in Arabic language skills. Therefore, effective learning strategies are needed to facilitate their understanding. This article examines the various methods used, ranging from the communicative approach, context-based learning, to the use of interactive media and a supportive learning environment. This research uses qualitative methods with observation, interview and document analysis techniques. The results show that the applied learning strategies succeeded in improving students' learning motivation and their Arabic language skills, especially through the combination of theory and hands-on practice. In addition, the active involvement of teachers and the support of an intensive boarding school environment play an important role in the success of the learning process. This article recommends further development on the integration of technology in Arabic language learning to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of learning in Islamic boarding schools.
Analysis of Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability in Terms of Multiple Intelligence, Cognitive Style and Learning Style of Junior High School Students
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Jailani Jailani
Published: November 2024

This study aims to describe: (1) the mathematical problem-solving ability of Sleman Regency's JHS students, (2) whether there is a difference in students' mathematical problem-solving ability in terms of multiple intelligence, (3) whether there is a difference in students' mathematical problem-solving ability in terms of cognitive style, (4) whether there is a difference in students' mathematical problem-solving ability in terms of learning style, and (5) whether there is an interaction between multiple intelligences, cognitive style and learning style. The research method used is a survey method with a quantitative approach. The research population is JHS students in the 2023/2024 school year in Sleman. The sample is 434 students, determined using a stratified proportional random sampling technique. The instruments used were a mathematical problem-solving ability test, a GEFT test, a multiple intelligence questionnaire, and a learning style questionnaire. The data analysis is descriptive statistics to determine students' mathematical problem-solving ability level and inferential statistics using a three-way ANOVA test to describe students' mathematical problem-solving ability's differences in terms of multiple intelligence, cognitive style and learning style, and to describe the interaction between multiple intelligences, cognitive style and learning style. The analysis showed that: (1) the mathematical problem-solving ability average score of Sleman's JHS students is 53.49 which is in the moderate category, (2) there is no difference in students' mathematical problem-solving ability in terms of multiple intelligence, (3) there is a difference in students' mathematical problem-solving ability in terms of cognitive style, (4) there is no difference in students' mathematical problem-solving ability in terms of learning style, and (5) there is no interaction between multiple intelligence, cognitive style and learning style of students.
ICT Integration and Students’ 21st-Century Learning Skills in ELT
Authors: Wiranda Febri , Setyowati Ciptaningrum Dyah
Published: November 2024

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become essential in developing nations in recent years, greatly influencing a number of industries, including ELT and education. However, although incorporating technology into instruction is emphasized in today's educational environment, research on how these affects students’ abilities for 21st-century learning has yielded mixed results that leads to the inconsistent information, including in Indonesia. Therefore, to address this issue, ICT integration in ELT and its impact on students' learning capabilities at SMA N 3 Yogyakarta are examined in this qualitative case study. Data from 10 grade X participants spread across five classrooms were collected through document analysis, classroom observation, and in-depth interviews. The results showed that ICT integration is common, mostly at the passive and amplification levels. Citizenship, collaboration, creativity, and communication all showed positive effects; however, critical thinking and character still need further evaluation. To get the most out of ICT and help instructors develop 21st-century abilities, effective teaching methods and frameworks are advised. It is also suggested that standardized rules and guidelines should be established for the incorporation of ICT in education.
Representation of gender images of female military in the Ukrainian media
Authors: Zavhorodnia Daryna-Mariia , Martsenyuk Tamara
Published: November 2024

Based on developments in gender sociology, the theoretical foundations of patriarchal and egalitarian approaches to gender images via analysis of gender roles are defined. The patriarchal approach to gender roles is based on biological determinism and essentialism and creates a clear division into male and female roles that are often opposed. Appealing to the principles of sociobiology, this approach involves the gendered division of labor laid down into gender-role stereotypes; assigning different psychological and behavioral characteristics to women and men with the help of gender traits and a gendered perception of appearance. Accordingly, the main attributes of femininity are attachment to reproductive and caring work; softness and emotionality, and a canonically attractive appearance. The increase in the number of female military personnel since the beginning of the full-scale Russian invasion has led to an increase in their visibility in the media, which can be considered an egalitarian trend.The empirical basis of the article is a qualitative content analysis of selected 48 media materials published in the period from February 24, 2022, to April 25, 2024, which contain references to the participation of female military personnel in the Russo-Ukrainian war.Quotes conveying gender-role stereotypes, appearance stereotypes, and gender trait stereotypes were coded within the patriarchal approach. Gender-role stereotypes manifested themselves in narratives about the traditional division of roles, the exoticization of female military personnel, benevolent sexism, and protective paternalism toward military women.Within the framework of the egalitarian approach, two strategies were considered: gender neutrality and gender sensitivity. In the framework of the first, the identity of the “military person” came to the fore, as opposed to the gender identity. In the materials of the sample, this was reflected both in the phrases of the heroines that “there are no men and women at the front”, and from the side of the media, which used similar phrases for the titles of the materials. When applying the strategy of gender sensitivity, women in the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) were discursively singled out in a separate category, in particular, on behalf of the media. It was said that women in the army occupy various positions, both rear and combat, and this is not an anomaly or an exception to the rules. At the same time, the issue of the fact that women face certain challenges (access to military equipment is still quite limited) and have unmet needs, such as the lack of women’s uniforms, equipment, and limitations in personal hygiene, was brought up.
The attitude of Ukrainian society toward equal rights and opportunities in the military sphere
Authors: Kravets Daria , Martsenyuk Tamara
Published: November 2024

Ensuring gender equality in general and in the military sphere during wartime is an important component of democratic development, particularly in Ukrainian society. At the beginning of the article, the international and Ukrainian experience of ensuring equal rights and opportunities in the military sphere was studied; the experience of integrating women into the armed forces of such countries as Norway, Israel, the United States of America, and Canada is systematized. The peculiarities of the involvement of women in the military sphere of Ukrainian society from a historical perspective are clarified.What do Ukrainians think about the involvement of women in the military, especially during the Russian-Ukrainian war and after the full-scale invasion? The empirical part of the work is based on the analysis of quantitative data obtained as a result of three representative surveys from the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) in 2018 and the research agency “Info Sapiens” in 2023 and 2024. Accordingly, the dynamics of Ukrainian society’s attitude to gender equality in the military sphere in 2018, 2023, and 2024, including, depending on socio-demographic indicators, were revealed. Finally, the public opinion of the Ukrainian society about the option of the army, which should be introduced in Ukraine, was studied.The results of a survey of Ukrainian society over the last six years of the Russo-Ukrainian war demonstrate wave-like support for egalitarian ideas regarding the policy of equal rights and opportunities in the military sphere. One year after the full-scale invasion (in 2023), support increased, and two years later (in 2024), it was back to 2018 levels.In general, more than half of surveyed Ukrainians, both men and women, support the statement that women should be given equal opportunities with men to work in the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) and other military formations. The level of support is higher among those with higher education as well as among people in the older age group.It is important to add that, among other things, this is influenced by the historical persistence of the tradition of women’s participation in combat operations, which has been traced since the First World War.Ukrainian society supports the idea of a rather American model of the army – the conscription of both men and women only voluntarily (under contract). On the other hand, support for the Israeli model – the conscription of all men and all women – is very low. The current version of the army – the conscription of all men and only some women – is also not very popular in Ukrainian society.
Attitude of human rights defenders to the phenomenon of feminization of the army
Authors: Bondar Viktoria , Selianinova Anastasiia
Published: November 2024

The feminization of the army is part of the objective process of feminization of society. The military realities of Ukrainian society point to the need to involve women in military service as full-fledged subjects of military activity. However, there are many obstacles and prejudices on the way to achieving gender equality and combating discrimination in the army. Therefore, the article presents the results of considering this issue from the perspective of representatives of women’s human rights organizations. Empirically, the study is based on a series of semi-structured depth interviews, which made it possible to assess the prospects and challenges on the way to feminization of the Ukrainian army from the perspective of actors.The results of the study have shown that the increase in the number and importance of the role of women in the army takes place in a context shaped by the activities of government agencies, international organizations, the public sector, business, media and socio-political events. Representatives of women’s human rights organizations note that the state should play a key role in implementing gender policies, but currently, its involvement is insufficient or, in some aspects, absent altogether. The participants of the study also highly appreciate the role of civil society organizations in combating gender inequality; as such, organizations study the experience of women in the army, promote their contribution to military affairs, conduct educational activities, promote legislative changes, engage in advocacy and even provide material support.Ukraine’s army is gradually feminizing and the situation of women in the military is improving: the number of women in the army, including in combat and leadership positions, the existence of public discourse on women in the army, the absence of restrictions for women in the army at the legislative level, and the consideration of the needs of women in the military, as exemplified by the adoption of anatomical uniforms and the development of special protection for women. However, there are also many challenges that prevent women from joining the army or complicate their service: the condemnation of women soldiers and veterans by certain members of society, sexism in various forms, paternalism, violence and discrimination in the army itself, the lack of effective mechanisms to counteract them, and the conservatism of the military leadership, which is reluctant to make changes.
Gendered experience of military service in the Armed Forces of Ukraine (on the example of a military unit X 0000)
Authors: Kolomiets Snizhana , Prokhorova Anna
Published: November 2024

Over the past 10 years, the Ukrainian state has provided opportunities for women to serve in the army on an equal basis with men at the legislative level. Meanwhile, the army may still be identified as a maledominated institution, as Ukrainian servicewomen still face challenges during their service because of their sex.The empirical frame of the study was a case study (containing qualitative and quantitative components) of the experience of military service in the military unit X 0000. Based on the analysis of secondary sources and our own empirical research, we managed to identify gendered challenges specific to the experience of servicewomen in the Armed Forces, including during the Russian-Ukrainian war.The key gendered challenges of serving in the military unit X 0000 for women were vertical and horizontal gender segregation; the need to correspond with masculine standards and to combine the status of a military with the status of a woman, wife, and mother that sometimes have opposite role expectations, which can lead to role conflict; the need to combine childcare and household duties with work; stereotypes about servicewomen that exist within and outside the army; sexism and violence (psychological abuse and sexual harassment). The case study results allowed us to confirm empirically, illustrate with examples, and clarify the range of gendered challenges in the army, outlined in the analysis of secondary sources.The study highlights the special challenges for military women that arise during the period of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. For example, women, unlike men, may be protected and prevented from working in ‘male’ positions. The article also shows that servicewomen may themselves uphold traditional gender roles, try to conform to patriarchal norms, and oppose gender equality. All this leads to the reproduction of gender inequality in the army.
Local Perception of The Effects of Climate Uncertainty on Cattle Farming in Burkina Faso: A Case Study of The Mouhoun Province
Authors: ZAN Amadou , Sampebgo Abdoul-Aziz , Bonkoungou Joachim , Bassole Clément Dieudonné
Published: November 2024

Climate change represents a threat to pastoralists in the Mouhoun Province, whose main source of income is the exploitation of natural and animal resources. The problem of this study is based on the good perception of breeders which was necessary for them to adapt to the climatic crises that have already occurred. The objective of this study is to analyze the perception of the effects of climate uncertainty on ruminant breeding in the Mouhoun province. For this purpose, 286 breeders, including agro-breeders and agro-breeders, or 22 breeders per village, were surveyed. In addition, a focus group was organized in each village, for a total of thirteen (13). Phinks software was used to process the individual survey data. The results indicate a deterioration in the forage supply of natural rangelands (100%), an increase in the mobility of animals (69.31%), an increase in morbidity (69.3%) and a drop in the frequency of twin births (56.0%). In summary, it appears that the population has a good perception of the effects of the local climate on animals and forage resources. Furthermore, although it is difficult to integrate research evidence into development policies and practices, the results of this research could guide policy decision-making. This study leads to the conclusion that the changes perceived by breeders are relevant for the development of adaptation strategies to climate change.
Barriers and Strategies for Utilizing School Outdoor Spaces: Exploring the Experiences of High School Teachers in the Southeastern U.S.
Authors: Waddell Erin , Bobilya Andrew J. , Faircloth W. Brad , Daniel Brad , Hoffman Ashley
Published: November 2024

School outdoor spaces provide many mental and physical benefits for students. Yet, teachers may not have the opportunity to conduct lessons in these outdoor spaces due to personal or systemic barriers. While K-8 teachers’ perceptions of barriers have been well explored, there is currently a lack of research investigating high school teachers’ perceptions. This study used an online survey to explore the barriers and strategies of 154 high school teachers in using their schools’ outdoor spaces. These results showed that there were differences between barriers from previous studies that could affect how high school teachers overcome them. Knowing these barriers and some strategies teachers have used to overcome them can play a major role in increasing the use of school outdoor spaces to meet the needs of today’s high school students.
Exploring the Role of Recreation in Rural NH Youths' Negotiation of Master Narratives
Authors: Moscouver Kate , Seaman Jayson , Hartman Cindy L. , Coppens Andrew D. , Falcone Hannah
Published: November 2024

Rural youths often feel compelled to leave their home communities to seek new opportunities, especially at the secondary-postsecondary educational transition. These decisions are driven in part by perceived developmental imperatives to leave rural regions given messages that success is best achieved elsewhere. The present study used the framework of identity master narratives to explore recreation’s role in facilitating youth postsecondary planning in the rural northeastern state of New Hampshire. The study extends and deepens prior research seeking to understand some of the structural-psychological factors connecting recreation involvement in adolescence, postsecondary decision making, and broader developmental patterns among the 15-19 and 20-24 age cohorts. Findings suggest that recreational involvement is associated with postsecondary plans, and that a strong educational and vocational identity can also provide clarity for the future. Recreation and youth professionals inevitably engage with developmental processes and can support postsecondary planning by exposing youths to broad possible futures.
A Data-Based Discussion About Land Management Decisions That Limit Access to Protected Areas
Authors: McCole Dan , Perry Elizabeth E. , Bobilya Andrew J. , Janes Madison M. , Owens Travis
Published: November 2024

Outdoor educators rely on access to protected natural areas to provide transformative learning experiences, yet increasing recreational use threatens this access due to ecological harm and resulting management interventions. This paper explores the ecological impacts of non-motorized outdoor recreation and the implications for outdoor educators’ access to protected areas, using the Manistee River Trail in Michigan as a case study. Drawing on academic literature and field observations, this commentary highlights the adverse impacts of quiet recreation, such as erosion and campsite proliferation, and the challenges faced by conservation agencies in managing overuse. The commentary includes a brief overview of data collection methods used to assess the MRT’s condition and offers recommendations for collaborative approaches between curricular and co-curricular outdoor education programs and conservation agencies to address these challenges. By emphasizing the importance of data-driven management decisions and partnerships, this paper underscores the need to balance conservation efforts with access to outdoor classrooms.
PRECEDENTES REAIS, GERENCIAIS E DECISÕES DE APLICAÇÃO
Authors: Nunes José Luiz , Da Franca Couto Fernandes de Almeida Guilherme
Published: November 2024

Este artigo propõe uma tipologia das decisões judiciais em geral, olhando especificamente para o caso do Supremo Tribunal Federal, com o objetivo de clarificar o conteúdo do direito revelado através da jurisprudência. Segundo a classificação proposta, decisões judiciais podem ser precedentes reais, precedentes gerenciais, ou decisões de aplicação. Precedentes reais estabelecem regras que não versam sobre a restrição da competência da própria corte. Em contrapartida, precedentes gerenciais são aquelas decisões que estabelecem restrições sobre a competência do próprio tribunal. Conforme veremos, os precedentes gerenciais com frequência não são muito informativos sobre o conteúdo do direito positivo e sua prevalência pode reduzir drasticamente a visibilidade dos precedentes reais. Finalmente, decisões de aplicação são aquelas que se limitam a aplicar alguma fonte do direito previamente existente (incluindo, mas não se limitando, a aplicação de precedentes reais). A análise dos dados do Supremo Tribunal Federal aponta para a viabilidade e importância prática e teórica da distinção, especialmente para investigações quantitativas, já que experimentos utilizando uma árvore de decisão revelam que citações recebidas pelos processos são altamente informativas de sua classificação.
A DISCRICIONARIEDADE TÉCNICA ADMINISTRATIVA LIMITADA PELOS ESTUDOS TÉCNICOS DOS IMPACTOS HÍDRICOS NA ANÁLISE COM BASE EM CASOS DE MINERAÇÃO NO DISTRITO FEDERAL, BRASIL
Authors: Garcia Batista Lima Moraes Gabriela , Peres Bernardes Nathalia
Published: November 2024

As condicionantes são cláusulas da licença ambiental que definem restrições, exigências e medidas de prevenção e mitigação aos empreendimentos, exercendo um papel de prevenção de danos ambientais no licenciamento. A definição dessas medidas ocorre dentro da discricionaridade do órgão ambiental, estando, contudo, limitada à análise do empreendimento e à sua adequação às normas legais. O presente estudo procurou adentrar a importância de instrumentos técnico-científicos presentes no licenciamento ambiental como limites técnicos e materialização do princípio da proporcionalidade na definição de condicionantes, utilizando o conceito de discricionaridade técnica da administração pública no campo de estudo do Direito dos Recursos Hídricos. Em termos metodológicos, o estudo foi viabilizado a partir de uma análise de quatro processos administrativos de licenciamento ambiental de empreendimentos de mineração do Distrito Federal – obtidos junto ao Instituto Brasília Ambiental –, nos quais foram identificadas as condicionantes presentes voltadas à prevenção, adaptação e mitigação de impactos em recursos hídricos das atividades de mineração. Observou-se a forma como essas condicionantes estão configuradas nos processos, de maneira preventiva, ou como ajuste na operação, refletindo-se sobre os limites da discricionariedade técnico-administrativa do órgão ambiental. Como conclusão geral, entre os instrumentos técnicos que podem orientar a discricionariedade técnico-administrativa, destacam-se aqueles técnico-científicos relacionados à prevenção dos impactos hídricos: o Plano de Recuperação de Áreas Degradadas, o Plano de Recomposição Topográfica, o Estudo e o Monitoramento Hidrogeológico, sistemas de drenagem e bacias de decantação. Mostraram, pois, direta relevância à prevenção dos impactos hídricos, os instrumentos que propiciam estudos e informações técnicas da área afetada.
Ambiguous AI: Lossy Compression, Model Collapse, and Intercultural Sensitivity
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Shin Haerin
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the intersections of artificial intelligence (AI), cultural representation, and intercultural sensitivity, critiquing the impact of lossy compression and model collapse on cultural expression in AI systems. The study introduces “intentional patiency” as an alternative framework, conceptualizing AI not merely as an active agent but as a cultural receptor, and in turn, producer. AI systems often rely on compression algorithms that strip away cultural complexities, rendering nuanced traditions as simplified, stereotypical artifacts. Drawing on frameworks from Ted Chiang’s metaphor of lossy compression to Wendy Chun’s critique of noise, the essay explores how AI’s data optimization selectively filters cultural diversity, perpetuating dominant narratives while silencing marginalized voices. Model collapse in generative systems demonstrates while also exacertabting the pitfalls of homogenous data to reduce cultural representations to monolithic “single stories,” echoing concerns raised by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. To address this issue, this essay advocates for an interculturally sensitive AI development paradigm, incorporating cultural expansion and ethical safeguards to mitigate cultural erasure. Through the concept of “ambiguous AI,” a paradigm rooted in probabilistic engagement and intentional patiency, the essay seeks to reframe AI’s role as a nuanced participant in cultural discourse, promoting culturally adaptive architectures.
Disability Arts and Disability Aesthetics
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Yoo Hyun-Joo
Published: November 2024

Disability aesthetics has emerged in the modern/contemporary era as a critical approach that challenges traditional notions of beauty, wholeness, and normalcy in art. By centering the experiences and perspectives of disabled individuals, disability aesthetics seeks to subvert ableist assumptions and stereotypes, presenting disability as a natural part of human diversity.
This paper aims to explore how disability aesthetics challenges ableism, expands our understanding of art and beauty, and brings about societal changes through a critical analysis of various examples of disability arts in the modern/contemporary era. However, this paper also acknowledges the potential pitfalls within the field of disability aesthetics. These include the risk of fetishization or exoticization of disability, and the need for a more intersectional analysis that considers how disability intersects with other marginalized identities. As disability aesthetics continues to evolve, it is crucial to address these challenges and work towards a more nuanced and inclusive understanding of disability representation in art.
Given this, by critically examining both the strengths and limitations of disability aesthetics, this paper aims to contribute to the ongoing dialogue about representation, identity, and artistic expression in the context of disability. Ultimately, it underscores the importance of continual reflection and refinement within the field to ensure that disability aesthetics remains a powerful tool for social change and artistic innovation.
Une technique nouvelle : le clouage des bois durs au pistolet. (Essais effectués sur l'Azobé)
Authors: Sallenave P.
Published: November 2024

De nombreux bois tropicaux sont beaucoup trop durs pour être cloués ensemble. Lorsque l'on plante des clous dans Lophira procera (EBA au Nigeria) à l'aide d'un marteau, ceux-ci se plient très souvent au lieu de pénétrer. Dans ce cas, il n'y a pas d'autre solution que de percer des trous avant de clouer ou de visser à l'aide de boulons.Le Centre Technique Forestier Tropical a mis au point un nouvel outil, un marteau-pistolet qui permet de clouer le Lophira procera, un des bois les plus durs connus. Un outil similaire est utilisé depuis longtemps pour planter des clous dans le béton et la tôle : Ce nouvel outil permet d'utiliser des clous ordinaires, alors que ceux utilisés pour le béton et la tôle étaient de fabrication spéciale. Les résultats obtenus parlent d'eux-mêmes.
Bariatric surgery in patients with obesity and end-stage heart failure with left ventricular assist devices: a brief guide
Authors: Em Steven T. , Parikh Manish S. , Orandi Babak J. , Ren-Fielding Christine J.
Published: November 2024

The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, leading to a rise in several comorbidities, and is itself an important risk factor for heart failure. Patients with end-stage heart failure and obesity are often not eligible for heart transplantation (HT) and instead receive cardiac support from left ventricular assist devices (LVAD). In the absence of other contraindications, patients with obesity who are on LVAD support can lose enough weight to later qualify for HT. Bariatric surgery had been explored as an approach for weight loss in this patient population and was found to be a safe and effective option. One recent systematic review and meta-analysis has shown 67.4% of patients with LVAD support are able to be listed for transplantation after bariatric surgery and subsequent weight loss (95%CI: 0.477-0.871). Of these, 32.5% would go on to receive a heart transplant (95%CI: 0.201-0.448). There were also numerous cases of patients whose cardiac function improved after bariatric surgery such that they were delisted for HT and some had subsequent removal of their LVAD. There are many perioperative considerations when evaluating patients with LVADs for bariatric surgery. However, with careful patient selection by a multidisciplinary team and mindful preparation, patients with obesity and end-stage heart failure have an opportunity for longer years of life.