bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação em movimento: do desempenho do aluno à reflexão na prática pedagógica
Authors: Pereira Ana , Azevedo Lise , Lopes Rubens Fernando de Souza , Nogueira Teresinha
Published: September 2019

Uma das maneiras que as empresas utilizam para verificar o conhecimento da língua inglesa de seus funcionários ou de candidatos em seu processo de seleção é através dos exames de proficiência. Acompanhando essa tendência, o corpo docente da Faculdade de Tecnologia Jéssen Vidal de São José dos Campos (FATEC) elaborou um teste, Exame de Verificação de Aprendizagem (EVA), composto por questões de reading e listening, cujo conteúdo é baseado no livro adotado. Além de verificar como os alunos estão aprendendo o conteúdo, objetiva-se também prepará-los para realizar testes de proficiência. O resultado tem sido utilizado como feedback para os docentes e discentes. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste artigo é descrever um processo de avaliação, inicialmente, de caráter classificatório que, no decorrer do tempo, adquiriu caráter formativo devido à necessidade de se criar um instrumento subsidiário significativo da prática educativa. Para fundamentar a realização deste estudo, utilizamos os conceitos de avaliação propostos por Luckesi (2002; 2004), Fernandes (2009), Vygotsky (1999) eMéndez (2002), e pensamentos de Perrenoud (2002) sobre a prática reflexiva do professor. Para a pesquisa, caracterizada como estudo de caso, fizemos um recorte e, metodologicamente, apresentamos o resultado de questões do exame aplicado ao curso de Gestão de Produção Industrial nos segundo e quarto semestres. O exame é composto de 80 questões, divididas em listening, subdividas em quatro seções com nível de dificuldade crescente, e reading, que segue o mesmo padrão. Analisamos duas questões em cada subdivisão, utilizando como critério de seleção aquelas que apresentam o maior número de erros e acertos. Os resultados indicam que os acertos são decorrentes de domínio lexical e de situações de listening exploradas em sala de aula. Os erros foram mais presentes em questões que necessitavam de inferência por parte do aluno. Essa análise nos fornece subsídios para reflexão sobre nossa prática docente e sua transformação.
Além da sala de aula: uma metodologia de ensino baseada no estudo de gêneros textuais do Marketing
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Renata , Fetzner Drey Rafaela
Published: September 2019

A presente pesquisa objetivou que alunos de uma disciplina de Marketing de um curso profissionalizante da área de vendas conseguissem compreender dois gêneros importantes para a profissão de vendedor – o flyer e a fala do vendedor - a fim de permitir que os estudantes se comunicassem com eficácia em sua atuação profissional. Assim, este trabalho visou a analisar se o uso de um material didático específico, construído a partir da concepção de gêneros textuais e mediado pelo docente (VYGOTSKY, 2005) poderia ser significativo para essa turma de estudantes.  A disciplina para a qual o material foi desenvolvido e (onde também foi pilotado) fez parte de um curso gratuito profissionalizante de Vendedor do Programa Pronatec. Como parte da pesquisa-ação desenvolvida, foi construída uma metodologia de trabalho, em amparo ao objetivo principal desta pesquisa, para ser um instrumento significativo e para auxiliar docentes da disciplina de Marketing em suas práticas de ensino. O objetivo dessa proposta didática era que os alunos conseguissem alinhar a teoria à prática, portanto, os alunos praticaram os gêneros estudados com o objetivo de atuarem em uma feira de produtos reciclados, fabricados pela própria turma. Os alunos produziram um flyer para divulgação da feira, na qual fizeram uso do gênero “fala do vendedor” para alcançarem seu objetivo: boas vendas. As análises demonstraram que os alunos conseguiram se apropriar das características de ambos os gêneros, pois os objetivos de comunicação foram cumpridos: o flyer trouxe compradores à feira; e os alunos conseguiram vender vários produtos ao utilizarem a fala do vendedor de acordo com as características dos gêneros trabalhadas em sala de aula. Nesse sentido, foi possível concluir que o material oportunizou a construção de novos conhecimentos importantes para a prática de vendas, propiciando o alcance de resultados práticos positivos atrelados à teoria empregada pela pesquisa.
O trabalho com a cultura local em uma turma de língua inglesa do PRONATEC
Authors: Bezerra Selma Silva
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de fazer um relato de experiência de uma atividade do curso de língua inglesa, desenvolvido em uma turma do PRONATEC, no Instituto Federal de Alagoas/Campus Satuba. Após observação da turma, notei que havia alunos que trabalhavam com artesanato em argila e com pintura. Percebi também que há uma tradição cultural, voltada para o artesanato, na cidade de Satuba. Essas descobertas me fizeram desenvolver um ensino que, além de ampliar o conhecimento da língua inglesa, também promovesse as questões culturais locais. Como aparato teórico, temos Kramsch (1993) e Tavares (2006), no que diz respeito às questões culturais na sala de aula de línguas estrangeiras e o The New London Group (1996), com a pedagogia dos multiletramentos.  O trabalho culminou com a produção de um fôlder turístico da cidade de Satuba, descrevendo a história e os artesãos da cidade, com apresentações orais em inglês e com uma exposição das peças dos alunos. Tal experiência mostrou que, enquanto professores de língua inglesa, podemos gerar momentos de aprendizagem significativa para nossos alunos, desde que conheçamos mais nossas realidades.
A literatura afro-brasileira no ensino médio: uma discussão necessária.
Authors: Xavier Glaucia do Carmo , Aniceto Érica Alessandra Fernandes
Published: September 2019

O debate na escola sobre as questões etnicorraciais se faz cada vez mais necessário. Já existem leis que tornam obrigatórias as reflexões e atividades sobre a temática em sala de aula, principalmente nas disciplinas de artes, literatura e história. No entanto, na prática, não é isso que ocorre. A Lei 10.639/03, mesmo após 16 anos de vigência, não tem sido efetivada conforme foi proposto. Pensando nisso, o Grupo de Estudos sobre Ensino e Aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa e Literatura (GEALI), do Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais – Campus Ouro Preto, desde 2016, vem estudando e formando-se sobre a Literatura Afro-brasileira e os modos de se trabalhar o tema em sala de aula. Para complementar o trabalho que vem sendo feito pelo grupo, com a parceria de pesquisadores, professores e alunos de outras universidades e outros IFs, o GEALI desenvolveu um projeto de extensão que teve como objetivo levar para a sala de aula, de forma efetiva e sistemática, a Literatura Afro-brasileira, com o propósito de valorizar a cultura e história do povo negro, superando as desigualdades presentes na educação escolar. Para realizar o projeto, o GEALI, a partir de seus encontros mensais, criou roteiros para o trabalho dessa Literatura com turmas dos cursos Técnicos-Integrados do IFMG e proporcionou formação específica para professores do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública municipal em Mariana (MG), bem como encontros com jovens que são atendidos na Fundação de Arte de Ouro Preto (FAOP). Este relato de experiência apresenta os resultados alcançados pelo referido projeto.
Releituras machadianas no século XXI: desafios e perspectivas para a nova geração hightech
Authors: Staudt Sheila Katiane
Published: September 2019

Machado de Assis publicou mais de 200 contos, sendo considerado melhor contista que romancista por muitos teóricos. As obras machadianas nos revelam os defeitos e qualidades da sociedade brasileira tendo como cenário os becos e ruas do Rio de Janeiro, abordando as modificações que o Brasil passou no século XIX. Desde 2015, percebeu-se que as aulas de Português e Literatura dos cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio em Administração, Eletrônica e Informática do IFRS Canoas não são suficientes para se trabalhar a fundo um escritor como Machado de Assis. O projeto de Ensino “Releituras Machadianas” tem como objetivo aproximar os estudantes das obras machadianas, para ajudá-los reler o texto para outra arte seja ela gráfica, musical, teatral ou cinematográfica, a fim de consolidar os clássicos, bem como “traduzi-los” para a linguagem contemporânea, a qual o estudante está habituado. Em 2016, iniciaram-se os encontros semanais direcionados aos alunos do campus, intitulados “Encontros com Machado”, com a finalidade de aproximá-los ainda mais das obras do autor. A posterior produção de clips musicais, HQs, peças de teatro, curtas-metragens ou musicais é fortemente incentivada, haja vista a proposta de realização, por este projeto, do evento anual Festival Literário do IFRS Campus Canoas.
O uso dos emojis na construção de sentidos do discurso multimodal
Authors: Tenório Albertina Maria Melo
Published: September 2019

Resumo: O objetivo da pesquisa é abordar sobre a contribuição do Letramento digital no desenvolvimento das produções textuais multimodais online, dos graduandos de letras.  Fundamentamo-nos na perspectiva interacionista, discursiva e dialógica, que considera o discurso como produto social e a prática discursiva em semiosfera digital, como produto do desenvolvimento advindas de outros letramentos, inserido-se  no Macroletramento.  Ancorados nesta forma de abordagem, foi realizada uma atividade prática em sala de aula, tendo por ambiente de aprendizagem a plataforma digital, WhatsApp (aplicativo de mensagens instantâneas). O estudo apresentado baseia-se epistemológicamente nas investigações de Dudeney, Hockly e Pegrum (2016) sobre Letramentos digitais e suas variedades; Ribeiro (2016) e sua definição de texto multimodal pautada na ideia de “poder semiótico”; Kress e Van Leeuwen (2006) sobre o incremento das novas linguagens aos textos verbais; Coscarelli (2016) a respeito da multimodalidade como combinações entre duas ou mais modalidades da linguagem; e, Bourdieu (2004) e o conceito de Habitus.
Observatório de neologismos da língua portuguesa: da sala de aula para a pesquisa
Authors: Eckert Kleber
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é a apresentação dos primeiros resultados de um trabalho de investigação desenvolvido a partir de uma necessidade pedagógica, qual seja, a falta de opções didático-metodológicas nos livros didáticos sobre a formação de novas palavras na língua portuguesa. Trata-se de um estudo nomeado Observatório de Neologismos, cujo desenvolvimento deu-se a partir de um projeto de pesquisa executado no IFRS campus Bento Gonçalves, o qual teve, entre seus objetivos, principalmente, identificar a formação de neologismos da língua portuguesa a partir de um corpus previamente delimitado; classificar os neologismos nos dois principais subtipos: os de forma e os de sentido; identificar a presença de estrangeirismos; e identificar os processos de formação de palavras presentes nesses neologismos. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, foi feito um estudo teórico acerca do tema dos neologismos e utilizaram-se textos de três colunistas da Revista Época on-line a fim de se identificarem os candidatos a neologismos, o que se nomeou de corpus de extração. De posse das palavras que despertavam um sentimento de novidade, consultou-se o corpus de exclusão, formado por diferentes dicionários gerais da língua, a fim de se verificar se as palavras identificadas realmente podiam ser classificadas como unidades neológicas. Por fim, percebeu-se que nas palavras classificadas como neologismos, ocorrem os mesmos processos de formação pelos quais são formadas as palavras já dicionarizadas, tais como a prefixação, a sufixação, a composição, a abreviação e a acrossemia. Os resultados alcançados poderão qualificar o ensino de língua portuguesa no que se refere aos processos de formação de novas palavras.
O uso do Duolingo no ensino de língua inglesa em curso técnico de nível médio integrado
Authors: Lima Samuel de Carvalho , Soares Kássio Roberto Brito
Published: September 2019

Neste trabalho, apresentamos a narrativa de ensino com o uso do aplicativo Duolingo em aulas de língua inglesa em uma turma de 4o ano do Curso Técnico de Nível Médio Integrado em Meio Ambiente no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte, campus Ipanguaçu. Fundamentados nas concepções do m-learning, nossa intervenção pedagógica foi realizada em 7 encontros presenciais no ano de 2017, totalizando 12h/a. Nossa experiência contou com a participação de 31 alunos com idades entre 17 e 19 anos e integrou o uso de smartphones e os componentes curriculares previstos no Projeto Pedagógico de Curso (PPC). O êxito da nossa experiência se reflete no interesse imediato dos alunos pela possibilidade de aprender inglês utilizando um aplicativo que se assemelha a um jogo, o que pode ser corroborado pelas anotações no diário reflexivo feitas pelo professor. Concluímos que o Duolingo pode se configurar uma ferramenta de suporte ao ensino de gramática e vocabulário em língua inglesa, quando em seu uso estiver previsto o planejamento que considere os interesses dos alunos e os objetivos da disciplina.
Entre o virtual e o concreto: um olhar sobre os entrecruzamentos de expectativas e realidades vividas no estágio curricular obrigatório para a conclusão de um curso de Licenciatura em Letras
Authors: Rego Marianna Collares Soares
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um relato de experiência baseado nas vivências de uma acadêmica do curso de Letras Português/Inglês durante seu estágio curricular obrigatório em um Instituto Federal na região sul do Brasil. Busca-se, também, enfatizar a importância do diário de bordo – teacher’s journal – como escrita, que propiciou reflexões sobre o ser e o fazer docentes e que, posteriormente, repercutiram na constituição da identidade profissional da pesquisadora em questão. Como de praxe, os estágios obrigatórios para conclusão de cursos de graduação constituem-se como espaços para que os sujeitos em formação possam simular o porvir e, neste caso específico, para desenvolver atividades de ensino de língua inglesa concatenadas com a realidade dos estudantes, com foco em tarefas que os colocassem como indivíduos ativos no processo de aprendizagem dessa língua estrangeira. Desse modo, espera-se que esta narrativa possa ecoar e ajudar aqueles que trabalham em prol de uma aula de língua inglesa mais eficiente.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN MULTIGRAVIDA TRIMESTER III TENTANG TANDA – TANDA BAHAYA KEHAMILAN DENGAN PEMERIKSAAN KEHAMILAN DI BPM NY. ERWIN ( Desa Titik Kecamatan Kandat Kabupaten Kediri )
Authors: KOMARIYAH SITI
Published: September 2019

Selama kehamilan dan perkembangan kehamilan dari bulan ke bulan diperlukan kemampuan seorang ibu hamil untuk beradaptasi dengan perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi pada fisik dan mentalnya. Semakin bertambah usia kehamilan, akan mengakibatkan bentuk tubuh ibu berubah yang semula langsing menjadi tidak langsing lagi. Hal itu tidak perlu dikhawatirkan karena perubahan tersebut adalah suatu keadaan yang normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan primigravida dalam menghadapi perubahan fisiologi selama kehamilan.

     Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua primigravida di BPS Ny. Anik. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 22 responden dan diambil secara Total Sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang berskala HARS dan dianalisa dengan menggunakan editing, coding, scoring, tabulating.

     Hasil penelitian terhadap 22 responden didapatkan yang tidak ada kecemasan sebanyak 0 responden (0%), kecemasan ringan sebanyak 22 responden (100%), kecemasan sedang sebanyak 0 responden (0%), dan kecemasan berat sebanyak 0 responden (0%).

Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah semua responden mengalami kecemasan ringan yaitu 22 responden (100%). Oleh karena itu hendaknya bidan bisa memberikan informasi yang dibutuhkan responden khususnya primigravida sehingga responden tidak akan mengalami kecemasan dalam menghadapi kehamilannya.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN KANKER LEHER RAHIM DENGAN MOTIVASI WANITA PASANGAN USIA SUBUR MELAKUKAN PEMERIKSAAN IVA (Di RT 02 RW 02 Desa Surat Kecamatan Mojo Kabupaten Kediri)
Authors: Agustin Lia
Published: September 2019

Kanker serviks merupakan keganasan yang terjadi pada leher rahim yang merupakan bagian terendah dari rahim yang menonjol ke puncak liang senggama. Kanker leher rahim banyak ditemukan di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Salah satu yang mempengaruhi tingginya angka kejadian kanker leher rahim adalah kurangnya motivasi masyarakat untuk melakukan skrining.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan kanker leher rahim dengan motivasi wanita pasangan usia subur melakukan pemeriksaan IVA.

Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi yang diteliti meliputi seluruh wanita pasangan usia subur usia 15-49 tahun di RT.02 RW.02 Ds.Surat Kec.Mojo Kab.Kediri berjumlah 36 responden. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling, seluruh populasi dijadikaan responden. Variabel dependen pengetahuan wanita pasangan usia subur tentang kanker leher rahim dan variabel independen motivasi wanita pasangan usia subur melakukan pemeriksaan IVA. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah kuesioner. Pengolahan data dengan editing, coding, scoring, tabulating dan kemudian dilakukan analisa data menggunakan uji spearman rank.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang yaitu 26 responden (72,2%) dan motivasi rendah yaitu 20 responden (55,5%). Hasil uji Spearman Rank didapatkan ρ-value sebesar 0.017 < α (0.05) dan r = 0,394, artinya ada hubungan antara pengetahuan wanita pasangan usia subur tentang kanker leher rahim dengan motivasi wanita pasangan usia subur melakukan pemeriksaan IVA di RT.02 RW.02 Ds.Surat Kec.Mojo Kab.Kediri.

Dengan adanya hubungan pengetahuan kanker leher Rahim dengan motivasi wanita pasangan usia subur melakukan pemeriksaan IVA di RT.02 RW.02 Ds.Surat kec.Mojo Kab.Kediri. peneliti menyarankan hendaknya tenaga kesehatan meningkatkan partisipasi dalam memberikan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat tentang kanker leher rahim dan cara pencegahanya.
Productivity Improvement Of Corrugated Carton Industry By Implementation Of Continuous Improvement, 5s, Work Study, And Muda Elimination: A Case Study Of Xyz Co., Ltd.
Authors:   Faculty of Business Administration, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi / Pathumthani, Thailand., Burawat Piyachat
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to make productivity better by means of 5S, work study, and Muda elimination in corrugated carton industry which was conducted from November 2018 to March 2019 from a case study of XYZ Co., Ltd. The data were collected from managers and supervisors and the problems were analyzed by brainstorming together with cause and effect diagram. Crucial problems of production occurred from human errors, i.e. production employees ignored to check the availability of machines before operating the machine, production employees neglected to prepare materials for next orders while machines operating, and warehouse employees randomly checked the humidity before the storage of corrugated sheet papers. Employees could be trained about production process, machine operation, quality inspection, and planning process. The production process could be changed from operating machine without checking machine availability and removing material remains in the machine to check availability and removing materials remains in the machine before operating new purchasing order. The output was then increased from 2,000 to 2,300 ton per month, accounting for 15.00 percent of improvement. The defect was reduced from 160 to 140 pieces per month, accounting for 12.50 percent of improvement. Regarding the storage process, it could be changed from random check of humidity to check of humidity every time. The messy in warehouse had caused mixing of wet or damp raw materials with good quality raw materials. Once it was improved by cleaning, classifying materials, products and areas with sign boards, the results showed that the materials and products were easier to find and product quality was increased. Company launches 5S policy and doing 5S activities continuously twice a month. The findings presented that the number of employees who neglected to comply with the organizational regulations was reduced from 6 to 2 persons, accounting for 66.67 percent of improvement.
微创痔疮手术联合地奥司明片治疗痔疮的临床研究
Authors: 张 宝安
Published: September 2019

为了观察微创痔疮手术+ 地奥司明片治疗痔疮的疗效，收集痔疮患者共88 例且分成2 组，对照组常规手术+ 安慰剂治疗，研究组微创痔疮手术+ 地奥司明片治疗，对比观察临床疗效。结果显示，研究组的总有效率明显比对照组高些（P0.05）；比较2 组患者的术中出血量、手术时间和伤口愈合时间，差异显著（P0.05）；研究组的并发症发生率比对照组更低（P0.05）。由此得出，痔疮患者配合微创痔疮手术与地奥司明片治疗，疗效确切。
Pengaruh Pesan Gizi Singkat dan Pendidikan Gizi terhadap Praktik Makan Pasien Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Salatiga
Authors: Simanjuntak Rohani
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Rendahnya tingkat kecukupan energi dan protein pada pasien rawat inap di rumah sakit disebabkan oleh rendahnya asupan makanan rumah sakit. Pesan gizi singkat dan pendidikan gizi dapat mempengaruhi praktik makan pasien sehingga meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, tingkat kecukupan energi dan protein. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemberian pesan gizi singkat dan pendidikan gizi terhadap praktik makan pasien rawat inap di RSUD Salatiga. Metode : Quasi experimental dengan rancangan pre-test post-test design with control group. Kelompok perlakuan (38 responden) mendapatkan makanan rumah sakit (3 hari) disertai pesan gizi singkat dan pendidikan gizi dari ahli gizi (2 hari). Kelompok kontrol (38 responden) hanya mendapatkan makanan rumah sakit (3 hari). Skor pengetahuan dan sikap diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Tingkat kecukupan energi dan protein diperoleh dari hasil konversi asupan makanan rumah sakit (comstock) dan asupan makanan luar rumah sakit (recall 24 jam). Hasil : Tidak ada perbedaan skor pengetahuan, sikap, tingkat kecukupan energi dan protein sebelum intervensi antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Setelah intervensi, pada kelompok perlakuan ada peningkatan skor pengetahuan dari 60±15,54 menjadi 92,5+8,48, skor sikap dari 19,5Â±5,5 menjadi 24±4,79, tingkat kecukupan energi makanan rumah sakit dari (53,4±8,8)% menjadi (92,5±11,3)%, tingkat kecukupan energi total dari (51,9±11,9)% menjadi (98,7±13,1)%, tingkat kecukupan protein makanan rumah sakit dari (50,3±15,3)% menjadi (103,0±17,9)% dan tingkat kecukupan protein total dari (51,02±16,8)% menjadi (107±19,0)%. Tidak ada peningkatan skor pengetahuan, sikap, tingkat kecukupan energi dan protein pada kelompok kontrol.Pemberian pesan gizi singkat dan pendidikan gizi meningkatkan skor pengetahuan, sikap, tingkat kecukupan energi dan protein dari makanan rumah sakit dan total. Pemberian pesan gizi singkat dan pendidikan gizi tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kecukupan energi dan protein makanan luar rumah sakit (p= 0,76 dan p=0,86). Simpulan : Pemberian pesan gizi singkat dan pendidikan gizi meningkatkan skor pengetahuan, sikap, tingkat kecukupan energi dan tingkat kecukupan protein makanan rumah sakit dan total.
Pengaruh Adenotonsilektomi Terhadap Tekanan Telinga Tengah, Timpanogram dan Kualitas Hidup Anak Adenotonsilitis Kronik dengan Disfungsi Tuba
Authors: Suprihati Suprihati
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Adenotonsilitis kronik (ATK) pada anak dapat menimbulkan berbagai komplikasi antara lain disfungsi tuba dan penurunan kualitas hidup. Disfungsi tuba dapat menyebabkan penurunan tekanan telinga telinga (MEP) dan timpanogran abnormal, yang dapat berlanjut menjadi OME. Adenotonsilektomi (ATE) pada anak dengan ATK diharapkan dapat menghilangkan disfungsi tuba dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup anak. Tujuan : Membuktikan bahwa ATE dapat memperbaiki fungsi tuba dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup anak ATK dengan disfungsi tuba. Metode : Penelitian intervensi dengan subyek penelitian anak ATK usia 3 - 14 tahun dengan timpanogram abnormal. Pemeriksaan timpanometri dan pengukuran skor kualitas hidup dilakukan sebelum dan 4 minggu sesudah ATE dibandingkan terapi antibiotik. Analisis data dilakukan dengan statistik nonÂ  parametrik. Hasil : Tiga puluh anak ATK dengan disfungsi tuba, 15 anak dilakukan ATE dan 15 anak diberi terapi antibiotic selama 2 minggu. Usia terbanyak antara 7-  7,5 tahun dengan rerata ± SD = 8,6 ± 2,5 tahun. Pada kelompok ATE, perbaikan MEP lebih besar dibanding kelompok terapi antibiotic (p=0,08). Perbaikan fungsi tuba menjadi normal pada kelompok ATE lebih banyak dibanding kelompok terapi antibiotik (p=0,02). Kualitas hidup pada kelompok ATE mengalami perbaikan bermakna dibanding kelompok terapi antibiotik (p=0,00). Simpulan : ATE dapat memperbaiki fungsi tuba eustachiiÂ  dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup anak  ATK yang disertai disfungsi tuba.
Modifikasi Tekstur Makanan dan Minuman Pasien Disfagia
Authors: Puruhita Niken
Published: September 2019

Disfagia adalah terhambatnya proses perpindahan makanan dan cairan dari mulut ke lambung. Komplikasi disfagia antara lain malnutrisi, dehidrasi, pneumonia aspirasi dan bahkan kematian. Pasien disfagia biasanya mengalami kesulitan mengkonsumsi makanan reguler dengan konsistensi bervariasi. Perubahan tekstur makanan yang sesuai dapat menurunkan risiko pneumonia aspirasi, meningkatkan asupan dan status gizi pasien disfagia. Modifikasi tekstur makanan secara bertahap disesuaikan dengan perkembangan kondisi pasien. Kemampuan menelan pasien diuji berkala sebelum diberikan makanan yang lebih padat konsistensinya. Modifikasi tekstur makanan hendaknya dilakukan tanpa mengubah warna dan cita rasa untuk meningkatkan selera makan pasien. Bentuk dan tekstur makanan yang tersedia di RSUP Dr. Kariadi meliputi makanan biasa, makanan lunak, makanan saring, dan makanan blenderized. Minuman encer berisiko menyebabkan aspirasi pada pasien disfagia. Modifikasi minuman dengan menambahkan pengental akan lebih mudah ditoleransi. Pengental minuman ini belum tersedia di Indonesia, sehingga RSUP Dr Kariadi menggunakan jeli sebagai pengental. Metode yang banyak dipakai untuk mengukur kosistensi makanan untuk pasien disfagia antara lain adalah line spread test dan fork test.
Perbandingan Tinggi Badan dan Rentang Tangan Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Wongsodjaja Jessica
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Rentang tangan (RT) adalah parameter tubuh terbaik yang dapat dijadikan sebagai prediktor tinggi badan (TB), khususnya bagi anak dengan disabilitas atau deformitas ekstremitas bawah dan anak-anak yang dirawat di rumah sakit. Usia, jenis kelamin, dan suku bangsa adalah faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap tinggi badan, sehingga diperlukan suatu rumus perhitungan tinggi badan berdasarkan rentang tangan khusus untuk penduduk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan tinggi badan dan rentang tangan anak usia sekolah dasar. Metode : Rancangan penelitian adalah cross-sectional dengan observasional analitik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April-Mei 2015. Besar subyek minimal adalah 29 subyek dan total responden penelitian adalah 335 responden. Pengukuran tinggi badan dan rentang tangan dilakukan dengan menggunakan stadiometer dan penggaris panjang yang terkalibrasi. Uji statistik menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson dan Spearman, kemudian dilakukan analisis regresi linier untuk mengetahui rumus perhitungan tinggi badan. Hasil : Persamaan umum estimasi tinggi badan laki-laki adalah 2TB = 15,615 + 0,879 RT (r = 0,956, R = 91,7%) dan perempuan 2adalah TB = 17,108 + 0,869 RT (r = 0,972, R = 94,9%). Rumus khusus estimasi tinggi badan untuk anak laki-laki usia 7 tahun adalah TB = 30,547 + 0,750 RT, sedangkan anak perempuan adalah TB = 29,476 + 0,764 RT. Rumus khusus untuk anak laki-laki usia 8 tahun adalah TB = 24,119 + 0,801 RT, sedangkan anak perempuan adalah TB = 28,660 + 0,771 RT. Rumus khusus untuk anak laki-laki usia 9 tahun adalah TB = 26,190 + 0,801 RT, sedangkan anak perempuan adalah TB = 16,356 + 0,869 RT. Rumus khusus untuk anak laki-laki usia 10 tahun adalah TB = 12,218 + 0,906 RT, sedangkan anak perempuan adalah TB = 11,347 + 0,918 RT. Rumus khusus untuk anak laki-laki usia 11 tahun adalah TB = 26,117 + 0,801 RT, sedangkan anak perempuan adalah TB = 22,269 + 0,833 RT. Rumus khusus untuk anak laki-laki 12 tahun adalah TB = 31,881 + 0,773 RT, sedangkan anak perempuan TB = 50,476 + 0,648 RT. Simpulan : Rentang tangan berkorelasi sangat kuat dengan tinggi badan, sehingga estimasi tinggi badan anak dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus khusus per usia dan jenis kelamin yang lebih bermakna secara klinis
Sugar Beet Improvement using Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation technology
Authors: Youssef Abo-Bakr A. , Rslan Wessam M.
Published: September 2019

Since discovering Agrobacterium tumefaciens distinctive capacity to incorporate a specified part of their transfer-DNA (T-DNA) into eukaryotic cells, the bacteria were commonly used for crop transformation originally of dicotyledonous crops and subsequently of nearly all organisms. To achieve this, the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid was changed to extract phytohormone and opine biosynthetic proteins (cytokinin and auxin) so as not to interfere with ordinary morphological growth. Overall, the conversion mediated by Agrobacterium was easier, more effective and less costly relative to other technologies. It also results in insertions with small copy count. Tumor development in crops has also proved the susceptibility of explants from field-grown sugar beet crops to Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Early efforts by Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transform sugar beet were unsuccessful, primarily owing to inability to regenerate crops from stably modified callus or suspended cells. A genotype-independent method was defined under which cotyledonary explants of various sugar beet genotypes are inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens comprising whether kanamycin tolerance and GUS activity or kanamycin resistance, GUS activity and glyphosate tolerance. GUS expression, NPT dot blot as well as EPSPS assays verified the presence of transgenes; progeny showed Mendelian genetically modified inheritance and glyphosate tolerance at deadly concentrations to control plants. Unfortunately, there was no publication of technical information of the technique. Here we reviewed the concept Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and how to be applicable
Synthesis and potent cytotoxic activity of a novel diosgenin derivative and its phytosomes against lung cancer cells
Authors: Xu Liang , Xu Dekang , Li Ziying , Gao Yu , Chen Haijun
Published: September 2019

Diosgenin (Di), a steroidal sapogenin derived from plants, has been shown to exert anticancer effects in preclinical studies. Using Di as a starting material, various Di derivatives were designed and synthesized, aiming to discover new steroid-based antitumor agents. In this work, we synthesized several Di derivatives and screened FZU-0021-194-P2 (P2), which showed more potent cytotoxic activities against human non-small-cell lung cancer A549 and PC9 cells. Considering that Di has a unique sterol structure similarly to cholesterol, P2 phytosomes (P2Ps) were prepared to further improve the water solubility of P2. The P2Ps exhibited a particle size of 53.6 ± 0.3 nm with oval shape and a zeta potential of −4.0 ± 0.7 mV. P2Ps could inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells more efficiently than Di phytosomes after 72 h of incubation time by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The results indicated that P2Ps could be a promising anticancer formulation for non-small-cell lung cancer.
Self-Medication with Antibiotics among University Students in LMIC: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Rixiang , Mu Tingyu , Wang Guan , Shi Jing , Wang Xin , Ni Xiaoli
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) is common among university students in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, there has been no meta-analysis and systematic review in the population.

Methodology: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for the period from January 2000 to July 2018. Only observational studies that had SMA among university students from LMICs were included. A random-effects model was applied to calculate the pooled effect size with 95% confidence interval (CI) due to the expected heterogeneity (I2 over 50%).

Results: The pooled prevalence of SMA of overall included studies was 46.0% (95% CI: 40.3% to 51.8%). Africa had the highest pooled prevalence of SMA among university students (55.30%), whereas South America had the lowest prevalence (38.3%). Among individual LMICs, the prevalence of SMA among university students varied from as low as 11.1% in Brazil to 90.7% in Congo.

Conclusions: The practice of SMA is a widespread phenomenon among university students in LMICs and is frequently associated with inappropriate use. Effective interventions such as medication education and stricter governmental regulation concerning antibiotic use and sale are required to be established in order to deal with SMA properly.
Langue morte
Authors: Chaboudez Gisèle
Published: September 2019

La conception de la mort en psychanalyse ne saurait se suffire d’une dualité entre vie et mort, fût-elle pulsionnelle. Elle doit être repensée entre plusieurs termes, notamment au regard du sexe et du langage, puisqu’elle est conséquence de l’un et n’est sue que par l’intermédiaire de l’autre.
La mise à l’écart du placenta : une modalité de fabrication d’un corps subjectif
Authors: Barry Aboubacar
Published: September 2019

Après deux articles et des passages de livres consacrés à la tradition de l’enterrement des placentas dans les cultures traditionnelles, l’auteur entreprend ici de comprendre ce phénomène en l’intégrant dans le cadre général des rapports que ces sociétés entretiennent avec les objets jugés polluants. Cette tradition fait partie des faits psychiques de l’inconscient rapportés par les ethnologues et sur lesquels l’approche psychanalytique se révèle pertinente et éclairante.
Un psychanalyste sublime
Authors: Mac Clay Edit
Published: September 2019

Le présent article tend à repérer les coordonnées de la sublimation qui s’opère dans l’acte même du psychanalyste, celle qui peut se produire dans ce que Lacan a appelé la psychanalyse en intension, et celle qui intervient dans le passage au public, dans la psychanalyse en extension. Pour ce faire, un nouage sera proposé entre les notions suivantes : pulsion invocante, écho et fantasme. Il est issu des travaux du séminaire que nous menons depuis quelques années avec Erik Porge autour de la sublimation dans le cadre de l’association Encore.
Présentation de l’article « Freud’s First Year in Practice, 1886-1887 » de Siegfried Bernfeld et Suzanne Cassirer Bernfeld (1952)
Authors: Longé Thierry
Published: September 2019

Lors des conférences du 15 octobre et du 26 novembre 1886, Freud se fait, devant la conservatrice Société des médecins de Vienne, le passeur des théories de Charcot sur l’hystérie masculine et l’hystérie traumatique. Siegfried et Suzanne Bernfeld font, dans les pas de Freud lui-même, de cette confrontation aux mandarins viennois le ressort de son retrait puis de son isolement sur la scène médicale locale. On croisera utilement ces deux points de vue avec celui de Henri Ellenberger dans l’article qu’il consacra à ces deux conférences.
La place de la verbalisation dans l’activité de résolution de problèmes en mathématiques : le cas du problème des portes de prison
Authors: Chanudet Maud
Published: September 2019

Nous nous intéressons à la place de la verbalisation dans l’activité de résolution de problèmes en mathématiques. Nous faisons l’hypothèse que la verbalisation, en tant qu’activité langagière orale ou écrite, joue un rôle important dans l’activité de résolution de problèmes en mathématiques et dans le développement des apprentissages associés. Après avoir présenté nos ancrages théoriques, nous nous plaçons dans le cadre d’un cours centré sur le développement des compétences des élèves en résolution de problèmes pour étudier cela en contexte réel de classe, lors de séances dédiées à un problème appelé « problème des portes de prison ». Nous analysons différentes formes de verbalisation, à travers les échanges langagiers entre trois élèves amenés à résoudre ensemble ce problème, et dans leur production écrite, et cherchons en particulier à identifier les modes de raisonnement et de preuve ainsi que les systèmes sémiotiques mobilisés.
Secondary Trauma in Children and School Personnel
Authors: Motta Robert
Published: September 2019

A review of childhood secondary trauma is presented. Secondary trauma involves the transfer and acquisition of negative affective and dysfunctional cognitive states due to prolonged and extended contact with others, such as family members, who have been traumatized. As such, secondary trauma refers to a spread of trauma reactions from the victim to those who have close contact with the traumatized individual. Assessment devices are reviewed and most of these appear to be designed to assess secondary or vicarious traumatization in therapists rather than in the general population of adults. The majority of scales lack cutoff scores and this is a significant weakness. The modified Stroop procedure is presented as non-paper and pencil method of assessing secondary trauma reactions. The evaluation of the efficacy of therapeutic interventions for secondary traumatization is virtually non-existent. Systematic studies of secondary trauma are in their infancy and a good deal of further research is needed.
Child Abuse and Neglect
Authors: Jameel Syed Najmah , Shah Shawkat Ahmad
Published: September 2019

Child abuse and neglect is a global problem which needs attention from every corner of the world. This chapter aims to investigate the definitions, types and causes of child neglect and abuse, as well as their impacts on children, risk and protective factors associated with child abuse and neglect, and child abuse neglect prevention and intervention. This chapter will provide an insight into problems faced by child abuse and neglect victims in particular because they are extremely vulnerable and incapable of defending themselves. This will in turn provide a base for school counsellors to have introspection on the existing frame of strategies/policies with this sensitive section of the population. It may provide baseline for designing new strategies in accordance with the needs of the victims of child abuse. Further it will be a unique way to address this complex social problem.
Comparison of Porosity Evaluation Methods Using the Example of Dissimilar Metal Joints
Authors: Kurushkin Dmitry , Mushnikov Igor , Rylkov Evgenii , Isupov Fedor Y. , Panchenko Oleg , Golubev Iurii
Published: September 2019

Welded metal porosity significantly influences the mechanical properties of dissimilar metal joints. In this study, the comparison of porosity evaluation methods was held using the sample of welded-brazed zinc coated steel and Al-Mg-alloy plates joint. Relative porosity was measured through cross-sections’ images area analysis, as well as it was evaluated through 3D-fitting of spotted on these images pores. Area and size of pores was measured, volume and distribution were evaluated. It was found that relative porosity values estimated by 2D and 3D methods are equal.
Improving the Quality of Parts Produced by Bending in a Die with an Elastic Element
Authors: Nesterenko Elena , Volgushev Anton , Frese Katharina
Published: September 2019

The process of less than 90 degrees angle bending is presented in this article. Elastic-plastic deformation took place in the sample. After removing the force, the effect of elastic spring-back occurs – the angle of the part is increased by a value that depends on many parameters. The usage of an elastic element in the stamp allows us to change the angle of spring-back. This is happened doe to adjusting the height of the press stroke. This allows us to produce parts with accurate dimensions.
Comparison of Supermacroporous Polyester Matrices Fabricated by Thermally Induced Phase Separation and 3D Printing Techniques
Authors: Stepanova Mariia , Eremin Aleksei , Averianov Ilia , Gofman Iosif , Lavrentieva Antonina , Korzhikov-Vlakh Viktor , Korzhikova-Vlakh Evgenia
Published: September 2019

Supermacroporous three-dimensional matrices based on poly-D,L-lactide or polycaprolactone were fabricated by thermally induced phase separation method and 3D printing technique. The morphology and mechanical properties of the resulting matrices were studied with the use of optical and scanning electron microscopy and the uniaxial compression test, respectively. All matrices were characterized with supermacroporous structure suitable for cell penetration. A significant increase in Young's modulus and tensile strength was established for both polymer matrices prepared by 3D printing technique.
Designing of Topology Optimized Parts for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Orlov Alexey , Masaylo Dmitriy V. , Polozov Igor A. , Ji Pu Guang
Published: September 2019

Due to the additive manufacturing process concept - layered synthesis of products, it becomes necessary to apply new approaches to the design of parts. One of the main tools that need to operate is numerical simulation, capable, with a skilful approach, to give an engineer an integrated procedure to the development of new products. Numerical modeling, in addition to carrying out strength calculations, includes topology optimization and the creation of lattice structures, through which it is possible to create lightweight products. New design meets requirements of strength characteristics. The use of this tool leads to a reduction in the amount of initial material and as a result - cost saving. In this paper, using the bracket as an example, was used the topology optimization method with subsequent redesign. The paper presents the results of calculations of the stress-strain state of the initial and final structures, allowing estimating the possible reduction in the mass of the product and the amount of consumable material in the manufacture of additive technologies.
Numerical Simulation of Hot High Strain Rate Torsion Tests for Al-Based Alloys
Authors: Naumov Anton , Borisov Anatolii , Doroshchenkova Anastasiya  Y.
Published: September 2019

The present research describes the comparison of numerical and physical simulation of hot high strain rate torsion tests for Al-based alloys in order to clarify the accuracy of calculations using basic grades of materials in Deform-3DTM software. A comparative visual analysis of the results is presented. Obtained data on the distribution of temperatures, strains, stresses and strain rates during the torsion test are discussed.
Phytoplankton, Trophic State and Ecological Potential in reservoirs in the State of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Eduardo Henrique Costa , Vicentin Aline Martins , Machado Leila Dos Santos , Pompêo Marcelo Luiz Martins , Carlos Viviane Moschini
Published: September 2019

This study evaluated the ecological potential of reservoirs in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, having phytoplankton as a biological quality element. Integrated water column sampling was carried out in the dam, and in the intermediate and fluvial zones of the Igaratá, Atibainha, Paiva Castro, Rio Grande, Itupararanga, Broa, Barra Bonita, Guarapiranga and Salto Grande reservoirs in July 2015. Physico-chemical and biological parameters were analyzed in all environments. The phytoplankton was analyzed under an inverted microscope, and measurements of density, diversity, equitability and dominance were determined. The data was ordered using PCA and CCA analysis. The ecological potential of the reservoirs was determined through the evenness index. The electrical conductivity, nitrate, nitrite and orthophosphate were higher in the more eutrophic reservoirs: Salto Grande, Barra Bonita, Guarapiranga and Rio Grande. A trophic gradient was observed among the sampling points, suggesting a conservation spectrum. There was dominance of cyanobacteria in the eutrophic reservoirs associated with low diversity and high dominance. The total density was correlated with TP, TN, and pH. A divergent relationship between the trophic state index and the evenness index was observed. The Atibainha, Itupararanga, Broa, Barra Bonita and Salto Grande reservoirs were classified as water bodies of very poor ecological quality (Bad). The evenness index seems to be a good alternative to the biomonitoring of the studied reservoirs.
Convergence of the Allen–Cahn equation to the mean curvature flow with 90°-contact angle in 2D
Authors: Abels Helmut , Moser Maximilian
Published: September 2019

We consider the sharp interface limit of the Allen–Cahn equation with homogeneous Neumann boundary condition in a two-dimensional domain

\Omega

, in the situation where an interface has developed and intersects

\partial \Omega

. Here a parameter

\varepsilon > 0

in the equation, which is related to the thickness of the diffuse interface, is sent to zero. The limit problem is given by mean curvature flow with a 90°-contact angle condition and convergence using strong norms is shown for small times. Here we assume that a smooth solution to this limit problem exists on

[0, T]

for some

T > 0

and that it can be parametrized suitably. With the aid of asymptotic expansions we construct an approximate solution for the Allen–Cahn equation. In order to estimate the difference of the exact and approximate solution we use a spectral estimate for the linearized Allen–Cahn operator.
Partitives and Partitivity
Authors: Falco Michelangelo , Zamparelli Roberto
Published: September 2019

The paper offers a broad overview of several structures that fall under the umbrella term of “partitives”. It surveys previous analyses and proposes a treatment based on two null operators, PART% and PARTPRO, with different syntactic and semantic properties. The approach is argued to outperform previous theories in its ability to cover conjunctions, mass cases and contrastive differences across Italian and English. Crowd-sourced grammaticality judgments and corpus searches are used to supplement informal judgments and try to shed light on a complex set of facts.
Macroinvertebrados intermareales y su asociación con tres tipos de microhábitats en el Refugio de Vida Silvestre Río Escalante – Chacocente, Carazo, Nicaragua
Authors: Garmendia-Zapata Miguel , Reyes P. Rosa María
Published: September 2019

Las comunidades de macroinvertebrados son de mucha importancia, pues tienen un rol ecológico imprescindible como parte del engranaje biótico de las zonas intermareales. El presente estudio se realizó en el Refugio de Vida Silvestre Río Escalante – Chacocente en Carazo, Nicaragua, donde se caracterizaron y compararon parámetros de biodiversidad (riqueza de especie y abundancia) y composición de especie entre tres tipos de microhábitats (aglomeraciones de rocas) definidos por la forma de las rocas que los conforman. Como resultado se contaron 1 808 individuos, 30 especies, 26 géneros, 24 familias y siete clases. Las especies más abundantes según el número de individuos fueron en principio: Nerita scabricosta (175 individuos), Littorina aspera (162), Acar rostae (153), Byssomera affinis (117), Eriphia squamata (110) y Anachis lyrata (106). El microhábitat denominado Peñas, fue el significativamente más rico y donde se determinó mayor abundancia; sin embargo, la composición de especie comparada entre los microhábitat no difirió significativamente, pero sí entre las parcelas individuales, siendo la parcela denominada Peña 1, la que presentó tipos de especies diferentes y en mayores abundancias en comparación con el resto de las parcelas.