bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Suicidal Ideation and Its Association with Mental Health Disorders Among Medical Sciences Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Joulaei Hassan , Foroozanfar Zohre , Parhizkar Mohammad , Bakhtiar Maryam , Malekpour Mahdi
Published: December 2024

Background: Depression, anxiety, and stress are prevalent among medical sciences students globally and contribute to suicidal ideation. Many risk factors are associated with the mental health problems of medical sciences students. Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and suicidal ideation, as well as their associated factors, among medical, dental, and pharmacy students in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 292 students. We collected background information and data on socioeconomic status (SES). We used the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) and the Beck Scale for suicidal ideation (BSSI) to assess depression, anxiety, stress, and suicidal ideation. The data were analyzed using a linear regression model. Results: The prevalence of medium to high-risk suicidal thoughts among all students was 56.8%, with 6.5% of students reporting high-risk suicidal thoughts. The prevalence of mild to extremely severe depression, anxiety, and stress was 66.8%, 59.5%, and 52.1%, respectively. Factors significantly associated with the severity of suicidal thoughts included being single (β = -2.11), having a positive history of psychiatric illness (β = 2.64), having a positive history of chronic medical conditions (β = 4.23), and higher scores of depression (β = 1.97) and anxiety (β = 0.49). Additionally, a higher academic semester and greater interest in courses were significantly associated with lower scores of depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed a higher rate of depression, anxiety, stress, and suicidal ideation among medical sciences students compared to the global prevalence. This underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions to improve students’ mental health. More specifically, recognizing the risk factors for suicidality and promoting access to counseling services and mental health awareness programs can help prevent suicidal thoughts.
Behavioral and Electrophysiological Evidence of Time Dilation Induced by Click Train in a Temporal Reproduction Task
Authors: Parsaei Fahimeh , Heysieattalab Soomaayeh , Motie Nasrabadi Ali , Nazari Mohammad Ali
Published: December 2024

Background: The temporal reproduction paradigm is extensively used to study human time perception. Despite extensive behavioral and physiological research, the effect of click trains on different supra-second interval timings in the time reproduction task remains unclear. Event-related potentials (ERPs), such as contingent negative variation (CNV), might provide further insight into the underlying processes occurring at various timing stages. Methods: In this study, constant and click trains stimuli were presented to the 33 participants in a time reproduction task. During the encoding phase, participants in each condition were given different click train interval timings (1400, 1600, 1800, and 2000 ms). In this original research, we examined the influence of click trains on time reproduction performance using behavioral and electrophysiological methods. Results: Findings revealed time dilation during the presentation of click trains in behavioral patterns (P-value = 0.001). Furthermore, electroencephalography (EEG) data revealed a distinct CNV during the encoding and reproduction of interval timings. In the reproduction phase, CNV amplitudes were more negative in the click trains condition compared with the constant auditory stimulation condition (P-value = 0.027). Statistically significant differences were also observed in the CNV amplitudes at various interval timings during the encoding phase, but the amplitude did not increase linearly. Conclusions: Intriguingly, according to the proposed neural mechanism studies, the brain structures affected by the click train corresponded to the electrodes that CNV was observed in the time reproduction task. These findings contribute to our understanding of the striatal-beat frequency (SBF) timing model.
FK506 Binding Protein 5 and Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4 Genes as Biomarkers and Treatment Responders in Major Depressive Disorder: Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Jalalian Mehrdad , Pourasghar Mehdi , Majd Ahmad , Ghalehnoei Hossein , Kianmehr Zahra
Published: December 2024

Background: Major depressive disorder is one of the most common causes of disability in people of the world, so it has imposed a heavy burden on society in terms of medicine and the economy. One of the important and valuable biomarkers in identifying major depressive disorder is the FKBP5 and SLC6A4 genes in depressed patients. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of FKBP5 and SLC6A4 genetic markers in distinguishing major depressive disorder (MDD) patients from healthy controls (HCs) and the responses to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and fluoxetine therapy. Methods: Forty patients diagnosed with MDD based on the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (DSM-V) criteria and 44 HCs were included in our study from patients of private clinics and Zare Hospital Sari from January 2022 to March 2022. Sampling was carried out from MDD patients and HCs. The patients were randomly assigned to CBT or fluoxetine therapy groups using a randomization block method. The CBT group (12 weeks/one session per week/90 minutes per session), the fluoxetine therapy group (3 months/20 mg daily/weekly follow-up), and relative gene expression alterations were calculated using the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique. Results: The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that FKBP5 [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.724, standard error = 0.054, P < 0.001] and SLC6A4 (AUC = 0.661, standard error = 0.092, P = 0.036) genes have acceptable sensitivity and accuracy in identifying MDD from HCs. After the therapeutic intervention, a significant decrease in the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) scores was observed in both groups (CBT group, P < 0.001, fluoxetine group, P < 0.001). Comparing before and after treatment in the CBT group, a significant decrease in FKBP5 (P < 0.001) and SLC6A4 (P < 0.001) gene expression were observed. In the fluoxetine group, SLC6A4 (P = 0.44) gene expression did not show any significant changes, but FKBP5 (P < 0.001) gene expression decreased. Conclusions: The present study showed that the FKBP5 and SLC6A4 genes are appropriate biomarkers for distinguishing MDD patients from HCs and treatment response. However, more research is required to identify biomarkers in distinguishing MDD patients from HCs and treatment response.
Predictive Insights Into Bioactive Compounds from Streptomyces as Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mutant Strains by Receptor Binding Domain: Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation Approaches
Authors: Kalhor Hourieh , Mokhtarian Mohammad Hossein , Rahimi Hamzeh , Shahbazi Behzad , Kalhor Reyhaneh , Komeili Movahed Tahereh , Abolhasani Hoda
Published: December 2024

Background: The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 interacts with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in humans. To date, numerous SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly those involving mutations in the RBD, have been identified. These variants exhibit differences in transmission, pathogenicity, diagnostics, and vaccine efficacy. Objectives: Although therapeutic agents are currently available to inhibit SARS-CoV-2, most provide supportive and symptomatic relief. Moreover, different variants may exhibit resistance to these treatments. This study aimed to identify a potential compound with favorable antiviral effects against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Methods: The study explored drug discovery through structure-based virtual screening of natural products (NPs) from the StreptomeDB database, targeting the ACE2-binding pocket of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein. The analysis included the wild-type protein (PDB ID: 6VW1) as well as the Alpha, Beta, Delta, Lambda, Omicron/BA.1, and Omicron/BA.2 variants. Results: In silico screening identified ‘Stambomycin B’ as a potential compound with the highest binding affinity. Molecular dynamics simulations of the complexes, conducted over 100 ns, confirmed the prediction that ‘Stambomycin B’ could inhibit different SARS-CoV-2 variants effectively. Conclusions: This study concludes that ‘Stambomycin B’, a macrolide compound produced by Streptomyces ambofaciens, may be a candidate NP for effectively combating all mutants that occur in the binding of SARS-CoV-2 RBD to ACE2, even those that may arise in the future.
Propaganda and ideological representation of women in The Secret of Women (2014) and Maleficent (2014)
Authors: Yahya Mohammed Estabraq , Vafa Amirhossein
Published: December 2024

The paper compares female representation in two selected films, The Secret of Women and Maleficent, released in 2014. The aim is to show the influence of cinema on shaping and commercializing female protagonists' identities. The films are affected by the geopolitical context of Iraq/America. The Secret of Women, set in the 1950s, delves into the complex experience of females and celebrates their strength, knowledge, and persistence. Maleficent displays the determination and compassion of the main protagonist. The findings indicate that these two films support a more positive ideology and avoid traditional gender roles and stereotypes. The Secret of Women empowers Manahil by giving her a strong voice, highlighting the communist and tribal issues of her time. In the same way, Maleficent deviates from the conventional representation of strong women by analyzing the themes of salvation, the conflict between matriarchy and patriarchy, and women's empowerment. The results enhance the continuing discourse on gender representation in films and the capacity for cinema to question cultural norms and perspectives toward women.
Kültür Turizmi Kapsamında Adramytteion Antik Kenti’nin Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir GZFT Analizi
Authors: Avan Seznur , Dulgaroglu Oguzhan
Published: December 2024

Antik kentler destinasyonlar için önemli turistik ürünlerdir. Balıkesir’in Burhaniye ilçesinde yer alan Adramytteion Antik Kenti de bu turistik ürünlerden biri olarak ele alınabilir. Araştırmada Adramytteion Antik Kenti, kültür turizmi çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Bu araştırmada, Adramytteion Antik Kenti'nin bölgenin kültür turizmine stratejik katkıları ve etkileri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan gözlem tekniği kullanılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen gözlemler neticesinde Adramytteion Antik Kenti'nin turizm potansiyeline yönelik SWOT analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sırasında, antik kentte gözlemlenen tabelalar ve antik kente ilişkin literatür taramasından alınan bilgiler de göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Araştırmada Adramytteion Antik Kenti ve çevresi incelenmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde öne çıkan bulgularda, antik kentin bölgenin turizm potansiyeline katkı sağlaması açısından “çevre düzenlemesinin daha özenli ve dikkat çekici olması gerektiği ve antik kenti öne çıkaracak tabela sayısının artırılması gerektiği” tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma, 17-21 Temmuz 2024 tarihleri arasında yazarlar tarafından antik kentte çekilen fotoğraflarla desteklenmiştir. Antik kent çevresi incelendiğinde çeşitli arkeolojik bulgular ve mimari kalıntılar tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda bölgenin tanıtımının yapılabilmesi, destinasyonun pazarlanabilmesi açısından yatırımlar yapılması ve antik kente giden yolun çevresinin düzenlenmesi için turizm paydaşlarına yönelik birçok öneri geliştirilmiştir.
En İyi Müze Ödüllü Efes Deneyim Müzesi Ziyaretçi Yorumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Sezgin Mete , Karagöz Bengü Su , Toklu Ölmez Elmas
Published: December 2024

Günümüzde müzeler ziyaretçilere yeni ve farklı bir deneyim sunmak için daha etkili ve ilgi çekici olan yollara başvurmaktadır. Teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte müzelerde ziyaretçilere aktarılan olayların duyulara hitap etmesini sağlayan, hissedilebilir deneyimler etkileyici olabilmekte ve kalıcılığı arttırabilmektedir. Bu deneyim müzelerinden biri de UNESCO Dünya Mirası Listesi’nde yer alan Efes Antik Kenti’nin bir parçası olarak hizmet veren Efes Deneyim Müzesi’dir. Tüm duyulara hitap ederek aktarılan bu hikayeleri deneyimlemek isteyen ziyaretçilerin sayısı artmaktadır. 2023 yılında hizmete başlayan müze, 2024 yılında “En İyi Müze” ödülünün de sahibi olmuştur. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Efes Deneyim Müzesi ziyaretçilerinin deneyimlerini paylaştıkları yorumları analiz ederek deneyim müzeleri hakkındaki görüşlerin ortaya konulması ve öneriler sunmaktır. Bu kapsamda nitel veri analiz yöntemlerinden içerik analizi ile Google yorumlardan 802 yorum incelenmiştir. MAXQDA programı aracılığıyla çözümlenen veriler doğrultusunda değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda Efes Deneyim Müzesi ziyaretçilerinin genel olarak olumlu değerlendirmelerde bulunduğu, olumsuz yorumlarda en fazla ücret unsurunun ön plana çıktığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Dukungan Manajerial sebagai Faktor Pendorong Kreativitas Karyawan: Studi Kasus di PT Byrnecut Indonesia
Authors: Purba Yessica Pauline Riani , Ismail Iriani
Published: December 2024

This study aims to identify the effect of managerial support on employee creativity levels. The background of this research is the need for companies in the mining industry to continually innovate and face operational challenges. This research employed a qualitative approach with a case study method, where data was collected through in-depth interviews with employees and managers of PT Byrnecut Indonesia. The results show that managerial support, whether in the form of resources, guidance, or feedback, plays an important role in facilitating employee creativity. Employees who receive good managerial support tend to be more motivated to generate new ideas and contribute to company innovation. The conclusion of this study confirms the importance of management’s role in creating an environment conducive to creativity, which ultimately contributes to organizational success.
Impact of Fuel Subsidy Removal on Trading and Marketing Activities in Takum LGA of Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Shipurut Geoffrey Nanbal , Onyedikachi Nwanma Gloria , Abubakar Ali
Published: December 2024

The removal of fuel subsidies led to a rise in the price of fuel. These rapid changes hurt the activities of many Nigerians as nearly all homes and businesses use subsidised petrol to power their generators due to the problems with the nation's electrical supply. This paper looks into the impact of fuel subsidy removal on trading/marketing activities in Takum LGA. The study used a descriptive, cross-sectional survey research design. A sample size of 400 respondents was selected from the total population of 211,700 using the Tare Yamane formula. Questionnaires were distributed to 400 respondents who were randomly selected across the wards in Takum LGA. Responses from the questionnaire were analysed using the descriptive statistics of frequency counts and percentages, and Pearson Correlation. The Pearson Correlation was used to test the stated hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance with the use of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). The study revealed that the removal of petroleum subsidies had its most severe impact on trading and marketing activities during May–August 2023, as businesses were unprepared for the sudden fuel price spike, leading to disrupted supply chains and reduced profits. Although the impact slightly moderated in September–December 2023, it persisted into January–March 2024, indicating prolonged economic stress. The study recommended that a targeted measure, like financial assistance for small firms, transportation subsidies for necessities, and infrastructure investments to stabilise supply chains, should be implemented with subsidy removal policies.
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis pada Materi Ikatan Kimia Fase F SMA/MA
Authors: Khairanisa Ayudia , Fitri Bali Yana , Hardeli Hardeli
Published: December 2024

Chemistry lessons not only focus on mastering basic concepts, but also on developing critical thinking skills. The development of critical thinking skills in chemistry lessons has not been supported by good conditions in the field. This can be seen from the use of conventional learning models and teaching materials that are often used, namely only package books. So that to fulfill the effective learning process, teaching materials are needed that can help students achieve critical thinking skills. This research aims to produce a PBL-based LKPD to improve critical thinking skills in chemical bonding material phase F SMA/MA. This type of research is Educational Design Research with the Plomp development model. The subjects of this study are UNP chemistry lecturers, chemistry teachers of SMAN 1 Koto XI Tarusan and students of SMAN 1 Koto XI Tarusan. Data was obtained from validity questionnaires, practicality sheets, and pretest and posttest scores. The validation data was processed using Aiken's V formula. Based on the results found, it can be concluded that the LKPD developed is already in the valid category with an Aiken's V value of 0.88 and is very practical with a percentage of practicality based on teacher assessments of 92% and students of 91%. To see the improvement of critical thinking skills, pretest and posttest were carried out for students. Based on the results of the study, an N-Gain value of 0.7 was obtained. It can be concluded that LKPD is valid and very practical to be used in learning and is efficiently used to improve students' critical thinking skills.
Pengaruh Penerapan Ideologi Pancasila terhadap Karakter Tanggung Jawab Siswa di SDN 15 Sutijo
Authors: Rizki Arif Aulia , Ananda Arifan , Kamal Muhiddinur , Januar Januar
Published: December 2024

This research is motivated by the problem of the low character of responsibility of students at SDN 15 Sutijo, which can be seen from the lack of discipline, punctuality, and lack of responsibility for tasks and the surrounding environment. This phenomenon reflects the urgent need to reinforce the internalization of Pancasila ideological values in education to form better student characters. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Pancasila ideology implementation on students' responsibility character at SDN 15 Sutijo. This study used a quantitative approach with a single group experimental research type with pretest - posttest. The population in this study were all students at SDN 15 Sutijo totaling 53 students who also became the sample in this study. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the paired sample t test. The results of this study found that the application of Pancasila ideology affects the character of student responsibility at SDN 15 Sutijo as evidenced by the results of the t test that the sig value is 0.003 <0.05 and the value of t count is 3.259> t table which is 2.007 and the value > t table which is 3.418> 2.052.
Role of Digital Skills as Strategy for Women Empowerment
Authors: Fozia Dilawar  , Irshad Hussain  , Riffat Tahira
Published: December 2024

This qualitative study was conducted to (a) examine the role of digital skills for women empowerment in Pakistan; and (b) identify the challenges faced by women having [low education level] in using digital platform for employment. The study used focused group interview(s) of the participants women who were digitally skilled and running some sort of online business. The study concluded that digital skills to enabled women to become financially independent, and to extend and strengthen their social networks. They have become empowered to play important roles in family and society. They can address their socio-cultural challenges and are respected in their families and society. However, they need training to use digital platforms properly, government support, and access to affordable technology to promote empowerment.
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab: Mengubah Cara Belajar di Era Digital
Authors: Firdaus Ferry Maulana , Aziz Muhammad Tareh
Published: December 2024

The use of Arabic language learning applications in the digital age has brought a significant change in the way the language is learned. The Arabic language plays an important role in diplomacy, economics, international relations, and religion, making it crucial to master. Digital technology, through applications like Duolingo, Rosetta Stone, and Memrise, offers flexible and interactive solutions that enable students to learn anytime and anywhere. The research uses qualitative descriptive approaches to explore the impact of such applications on learning processes. Research results show that this application improves student motivation and involvement compared to conventional methods. Students appreciate application flexibility and interactivity, while teachers report efficiency in material preparation and improved learning outcomes. Despite the huge benefits, challenges such as technical constraints and adaptation to new technologies remain. Therefore, there is a need for continuous improvement in the application and support of educational institutions for effective integration. Overall, Arabic learning applications are an innovative and effective tool in improving Arabic language competence in the digital age.
Strategi Efektif untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Nahwu dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab
Authors: Ghoffar Achmad Mujahid , Muid Faruq Abdul
Published: December 2024

This article explores effective strategies for improving the understanding of nahwu in Arabic language learning, given the complexity of the nahwu rules that are often challenging for students. Using a qualitative approach to case study design, the study involves observations, interviews, and document analysis to evaluate various methods of teaching nahwu. The results show that contextual approaches, interactive media, collaborative learning, and problem-based approaches significantly improve student understanding of Nahwu. This article recommends the implementation of these strategies in the Arabic curriculum in schools and suggests further research to explore the application of this strategy in the context of other Nahwu learning and different Arabic language skills.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Terhadap Pengembangan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa
Authors: Afifatun Nafsiyah  , Choir Jihan Alhanin
Published: December 2024

This article examines the influence of learning Arabic on the development of critical thinking skills of students. The study uses a qualitative and quantitative approach to identify how aspects of learning Arabic can strengthen students' analytical, evaluative, and creative abilities. Through a survey of 100 students and in-depth interviews with 10 Arabic language teachers, the study explored the role of grammar complexity, text analysis, and interactive teaching methods in improving critical thinking skills. Teachers that teaching methods involving group discussions and debates strengthen students' evaluative and collaborative abilities. In addition, cultural and historical insights gained through Arabic language learning broaden students’ perspectives, making them more critical and analytical in dealing with academic challenges and everyday life. Integrating Arabic learning into school curricula can be an effective strategy to prepare students to face a complex and dynamic world.
Penggunaan Podcast sebagai Media Alternatif dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab
Authors: Syamlan Atika Chairul , Mufidah Zuhrotul
Published: December 2024

The use of alternative media in learning Arabic is becoming increasingly relevant in the digital age. One of the media that has great potential is the podcast. This article discusses the effectiveness of podcasts as a tool for learning Arabic, covering methods, results, and interpretation of the research carried out. The study involved 50 high school students divided into experimental groups and control groups. Research methods include pre-test and post-test to measure improvement in Arabic language skills as well as interviews and questionnaires to dig students' experiences. Research results show that podcasts can improve students' understanding of Arabic material, especially in the aspect of listening and speaking. The discussion also covered challenges, such as device and internet access constraints, as well as strategies to maximize the use of podcasts in learning, including combinations with face-to-face sessions and the provision of additional resources. With the right approach, podcasts can be an effective tool in learning Arabic.
Perkembangan Studi Bahasa Arab di Era Modern: Tantangan dan Peluang
Authors: Aufan Ni'am  , Rido’i Muhammad
Published: December 2024

This article examines developments in the study of Arabic in the modern era with a focus on the challenges and opportunities that arise as a result of technological advances and social change. The research uses descriptive analytical methods to evaluate a variety of literature and related data. The results show that despite the challenges, such as resource constraints, curriculum changes, and adaptation to new needs in language learning, there are huge opportunities that can be exploited. Using advanced technology and adapting to social dynamics can contribute to improving the quality of Arabic language learning. These findings highlight the importance of curriculum adaptation and the use of technology to meet challenges and exploit opportunities in developing Arabic study. With the right approach, Arabic education can become more effective, relevant, and responsive to changing times, paving the way for future progress in Arabic learning.
Metode Pembelajaran Kolaboratif dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Bahasa Arab
Authors: Durrotunnasihah  , Putra Ramadani
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the application of collaborative learning methods in improving Arabic writing skills. Through a collaborative approach, students are expected to be more active and interactive in the learning process, so that their writing skills can be significantly improved. The study uses a case study method with a qualitative approach involving 30 eleventh-grade students at a madrasah in Jakarta. The learning process lasted 8 weeks, during which time students engaged in a variety of collaborative activities such as group discussions, joint writing, and group projects. Data is collected through observations, interviews, and student writing analysis before and after the application of collaborative methods. Research results showed significant improvements in students' writing skills, in terms of cohesion and coherence, more diverse vocabulary usage, and better sentence structure. These findings show that collaborative learning methods are effective in improving students' Arabic writing skills and are highly recommended for application in Arabic language learning in schools. Further research could explore the application of this method in other language skills such as reading and speaking.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Teknologi Informasi Terhadap Pelayanan Administrasi Sekolah di SLTA dan Madrasah
Authors: Sundari Gita , Rusdinal  , Sulastri  , Yulianto Santoso
Published: December 2024

This research aims to obtain information about the use of information technology and school administrative services, as well as the impact of information technology use on school administrative services. The hypothesis proposed in this study is "there is a significant influence between the use of information technology and school administrative services in high schools and madrasas in Padang Panjang City." The population of this study consists of 110 school administrative staff, and a sample of 68 school administrative staff was taken using the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling technique. Data were collected through a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis used the Product Moment correlation technique with the help of SPSS version 29.0 in 2024. The research results show that: (a) the use of information technology is classified as good (80.30% of the ideal score), (b) the school administration services are classified as fairly good (77.84% of the ideal score), and (c) there is a significant relationship between the use of information technology and school administration services in high schools and madrasas in Padang Panjang City.
Pengertian dan Ruang Lingkup Musytaraq Al Lafzi, Ta'addud Al Ma'na serta Taraduf dalam Kajian Ilmu Dalalah
Authors: Mukhlis M. Hasbi , Hidayat Nandang Sarip
Published: December 2024

This research aims to describe and explain the theories of musytaraq al lafzi, ta’addud al ma’na, and taraduf within the discipline of semantics or dalalah in the study of Arabic linguistics, using library research as the data source. (library research).Various expressions in the study of the Arabic language are found to have their own unique characteristics and are interesting to study in depth. The relationships between meanings, such as those in modern linguistics called synonymy, polysemy, homonymy, and antonymy, are all found in Arabic linguistics and are also frequently encountered in the language of the  Al Quran. The results of this research indicate that there are words with one term and multiple meanings, and there are also terms with multiple words and one meaning. Additionally, there are words and meanings that contradict each other, which are referred to in this context as mustaraq al lafzi, taraduf/muradif, and tudaad. Related to the position of Arabic as the language of the  Al Qur'an, the existence of musyataraq al lafz, taadud al makna, and taraduf also affects its translation and interpretation. The existence of patterns included in the study of the science of dalalah in the Al Qur'an is one of the proofs that the Al Qur'an possesses advantages and uniqueness in terms of language, known as I’jazul Al Lughawi.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Probiotic and Synbiotic on Post-hatch Splenic Development in Broiler Chicken
Authors: Aktar Shabnaz , Mst. Aesha  , Akter Most. Rukhsana , Hossain KM Mozaffor , Khatun Afia , SM Kamruzzaman  , Gofur Md. Royhan
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The use of antibiotics in poultry feed is becoming more prohibited globally, it is important to consider the potential of natural feed additives as antibiotic substitutes to support the development and operation of chickens' immune systems. The study aimed to assess the effect of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation in broiler feed on the post-hatch development of broiler spleen.
Materials and methods: A total of 270-day-old broiler chickens of both sexes were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments each consisting of three replicates and each replicates had 30 chickens. The dietary treatments included the control group receiving a basal diet, the second group receiving a basal diet supplemented with probiotic (Pro.B® with 0.5 gm/Kg feed), and the third group receiving a basal diet supplemented with synbiotic (SynBac® with 1 gm/4-liter water). Probiotic and synbiotic supplementation in feed was started from day seven. Samples (n=15) were collected on the first day and every week until five weeks of age, and the biometry and histomorphometry parameters of the spleen in different groups were studied.
Results: The biometrical values of spleen were higher at every age group in both probiotic- and synbiotic-treated broiler chickens compared to the control broilers, but significantly higher biometrical values were observed only in synbiotic-treated broiler chickens at five weeks of age compared to other groups. Regarding histomorphometry parameters, capsule thickness was insignificantly lower until day 28 and significantly lower at day 35 in both probiotic and synbiotic-treated broiler chickens compared to the control group. Moreover, the length and width of lymphatic nodules were higher in both probiotic and synbiotic-treated broiler chickens compared to the control broiler chickens. Remarkably, no significant differences were observed in the biometrical and histomorphometric parameters of the spleen between the probiotic and synbiotic-treated broiler chickens.
Conclusion: Dietary inclusion of probiotics and synbiotics in broiler feed could improve the post-hatch growth of the spleen. However, the supplementation of both synbiotics, along with probiotics in the broiler diet had a profound influence on the post-hatch growth of the spleen which has been indicated by a significant increase in biometrical values.
Effects of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), Onion (Allium cepa L.) Extracts and their Mixtures on White Leghorn Layers Performance and Blood Profile
Authors: Bekele Alemu Seyoum , Girma Abebe Meseret , Kebede Senbeta Ewonetu
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The consumer’s requirements for the highest quality animal products should be achieved by the application of appropriate health-safe animal diets. The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of rosemary and onion extracts on performances, and some hematological and serum biochemical parameters of White Leghorn.
Materials and methods: One hundred twenty White Leghorn layers at 32 weeks of age were randomly allocated to four treatments each replicated three times with ten layers and one cock per replication and managed on a deep litter system for 70 days. The treatments were control group without any addition of feed additives (T1), basal diet supplemented with 4 milliliters of onion extract in water (T2), basal diet supplemented with 4 milliliters of rosemary extract in water (T3), and basal diet supplemented with 4 milliliters of onion and rosemary extract mixture in water (T4). The data on performance parameters such as feed intake, body weight change body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, egg production, egg mass, and serum biochemistry and hematology were evaluated.
Results: The daily feed intake of chickens in T2 was significantly higher than the feed intake of chickens in T1, T3, and T4. There was no significant difference in packed cell volume percentage but there was a significant difference in total serum cholesterol in T1 compared to T4. Layers supplemented with onion extract had lower blood total cholesterol levels compared to other groups. Results revealed that the use of onion extract (T2) in drinking water recorded significantly higher daily feed intake, body weight change, and gain compared to other groups. Layers fed on onion blended with rosemary extract in drinking water recorded the highest feed conversion compared to T1, T2, and T3 treatments.
Conclusion: The use of rosemary, onion extracts, and their mixtures in drinking water significantly influenced most of the studied hematological and serum biochemical parameters of White Leghorn layers except packed cell volume and serum albumin.
Unveiling Novel Biomarkers: A Clinical Study of miR-146a and miR-222 in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Rezazadeh Khabaz Mohammad Javad , Aghajani Ayda , Fattahpour Alireza , Faravani Fatemeh , Heidari Banafsheh
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting 5%-10% of women of reproductive age. It is marked by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology, with associated long-term health risks, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and infertility. This study investigates the potential of specific microRNAs, namely miR-146a and miR-222, as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of PCOS.
Materials and Methods: A structured, evidence-based approach was undertaken using real-time PCR to analyze the expression levels of miR-146a and miR-222 in Wistar albino rats with DHEA-induced PCOS. Blood samples were collected for RNA extraction and subsequent miRNA expression quantification. The diagnostic potential was evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the expression data.
Results: Both miR-146a and miR-222 showed upregulation in the PCOS group, compared to controls, though these differences were not statistically significant. ROC analysis indicated that miR-222 had a moderate discriminatory capability, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.70, supporting its potential as a biomarker for PCOS. miR-146a presented an AUC of 0.65, suggesting a less robust but relevant role in differentiating PCOS from control samples.
Conclusion: The findings propose that miR-146a and miR-222 may serve as viable biomarkers for PCOS, facilitating the advancement of non-invasive diagnostic methods and targeted therapeutic options. Nevertheless, additional studies with larger sample sizes are essential to substantiate these preliminary findings.
The Development and Validation of Self-Concept Scale For Pakistani University Students
Authors: Sajjad Hussain  , Maryam Rizvi  , Muhammad Ali Jawad Raza  , Ali Sher
Published: December 2024

Cultural aspects are dominant in almost all areas of research and require special attention while conducting a study. The same goes for under-focused self-concept which varies from individualistic to collectivistic cultures. In the present research, an indigenous scale was developed to explore the self-concept of university students in Pakistani culture. In the first phase, 60 university students were interviewed separately and generated the item pool of 46 statements. Then repeated and ambiguous items were excluded, and a list of 40 items was used for piloting on 30 university students as a self-report measure of a 5-point rating scale (Self-Concept Scale). Finally, a convenient sample of 300 university students (154 boys and 146 girls) was given the final list of 40 items, Self-Concept Scale for Adolescents, and a demographic sheet. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to investigate the collected data. The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) produced a two-factor solution: positive and negative self-concept. Lastly, 38 items were finalized for the self-concept scale, the first factor was based on 22 items and the second factor consisted of 16 items. The SCS was found to have high internal consistency, concurrent validity, and split-half reliability. This scale can be used in further research, assessment, and counseling services for the students.
Report on the Pottery Found in the 2022 Excavations of Houses NH5, NH9, NH12 in the City of Amunhotep III in Western Thebes
Authors: Ahmed Asmaa Ibrahim
Published: December 2024

The Golden City (“Dazzling Aten”) that dates to the era of King Amenhotep III was revealed in 2021 in the area north of Medinet Habu by the Egyptian mission headed by Zahi Hawass. The excavation recovered a large group of pottery of various shapes and sizes. This article focuses on the complete pottery vessels from houses NH 5, NH9, and NH12 of the residential neighborhood. The three houses discussed here were chosen from the twenty-three discovered to date as containing representative examples of the pottery from the site, and which identify the type of activity prevalent in the houses.
تم الكشف عن المدينة الذهبية (“آتون المبهرة”) التي تعود إلى عصر الملك أمنحتب الثالث عام 2021 في المنطقة الواقعة شمال مدينة هابو على يد البعثة المصرية برئاسة زاهي حواس. عثرت أعمال التنقيب على مجموعة كبيرة من الفخاريات ذات الأشكال والأحجام المختلفة. تركز هذه المقالة على الأواني الفخارية الكاملة من المنازل 5 NHو NH9و فيNH12 الحي السكني. تم اختيار المنازل الثلاثة التي تمت مناقشتها هنا من بين المنازل الثلاثة والعشرين المكتشفة حتى الآن، لأنها تحتوي على أمثلة تمثيلية للفخار من الموقع، والتي تحدد نوع النشاط السائد في المنازل
Conceived, Created, Changed?
Authors: Broschat Katja , Eckmann Christian , Mertah Eid
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes the techniques used to decorate the golden throne of Tutankhamen (Carter 91). A recent publi- cation claimed that the throne was not originally made for Tutankhamen but for Nefertiti, subsequently undergoing adaptations for Ankhkheperure Neferneferuaten, who served as co-regent with Akhenaten, and later for Smenkhkare. These alterations would have necessitated replacing parts of the gilding, such as the names of the royal couple. It would also have entailed modifying the scene on the backrest, including removing a princess behind the queen, adding crowns, and making various other changes. Another scholar proposed that the armrests were added later and implied that even the size of the throne might have been changed.
Technological and scientific data derived from the authors’ intensive technical study of the throne allowed for the testing of these hypotheses. This article examines the fundamental techniques and materials used to create the ornate and unique decoration of the throne, as well as the technical specifications for proposed modifications in recent years.
In their conclusion, the authors argue that there is insufficient evidence to substantiate theories that suggest a shift in ownership of the throne, even when considering alterations in the decoration and as widely acknowledged—in the inscriptions, from the earlier names of the royal couple to their later names.
يتناول هذا المقا بتحليل التقنيات المستخدمة في زخرفة كرسي العرش الذهبي للملك توت عنخ آمون (كارتر رقم 91). قد ادعت إحدى الدراسات المنشورة حديثاً أن كرسي العرش لم يُصنع في الأصل للملك توت عنخ آمون بل للملكة نفرتيتي، ثم خضع لاح ًقا لتعديلات من أجل عنخ-خبرو-رع نفر-نفرو-آتون التي شاركت الملك أخناتون ومن بعده الملك سمنخ-كا-رع الحكم. كانت هذه التعديلات ستقتضي استبدال أجزاء من التذهيب، مثل أسماء الزوجين الملكيين. وكان ذلك سيستلزم أي ًضا تعديل المنظر المصور على مسند الظهر، بما في ذلك إزالة الأميرة الواقفة خلف الملكة وإضافةتيجانوإجراءتعديلاتأخرىمختلفة.اقترحباح ٌثٌآخرأنمسنديذراعيالكرسيقدأضيفالاحًقا،وأشارضمنًياإلىأنهحتىحجم
الكرسي ربما قد جرى تعديله. أتاحت البيانات التقنية والعلمية المستمدة من الدراسة الفنية المكثفة التي أجراها مؤلفو هذا المقال على كرسي العرش اختبار هذه
الفرضيات. يتناول هذا المقال دراسة التقنيات والمواد الأساسية المستخدمة لتنفيذ الزخارف الفريدة من نوعها في كرسي العرش بالإضافة إلى المواصفات الفنية للتعديلات المقترحة في السنوات الأخيرة.
Survey of Some Sites in the Wadi el-Gemal National Park in the Eastern Desert
Authors: Guzmán Joan Oller , Sidebotham Steven E. , Geerts Roderick C. A. , Kolvers Ritchie , Palerm Antoni Puig
Published: December 2024

Between December 19, 2022, and January 3, 2023, the authors conducted intensive surveys of several Roman-era sites in the Wadi el-Gemal National Park (Eastern Desert). These surveys were part of the Sikait 2023 exca- vations directed by J. Oller Guzmán. The Sikait Project is a joint archaeological mission between the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and the Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology. Its main goal is to study the processes of extraction and commercialization of emeralds in antiquity, focusing its work on Wadi Sikait, one of the main emerald-bearing areas in the Eastern Desert. However, the Sikait Project also documents the archaeological heritage of the Wadi el-Gemal National Park, conducting yearly surveys in this area.1
أجرى كاتبو هذا المقال في الفترة من 19 ديسمبر 2022 إلى 3 يناير 2023 أعمال مسح مكثفة للعديد من المواقع من العصر الروماني في محمية وادي الجمال (الصحراء الشرقية). أُجريت أعمال المسح هذه في إطار أعمال التنقيب التي أُجريت في عام 2023 في وادي سكيت برئاسة جوزمان. مشروع سكيت هو بعثة أثرية مشتركة بين جامعة برشلونة المستقلة والمركز البولندي لآثار البحر الأبيض المتوسط. يهدف المشروع في المقام الأول إلى دراسة عمليات استخراج الزمرد والاتجار فيه في العصور القديمة مع التركيز على وادي سكيت الذي يُعد احد المناطق الرئيسية التي تحتوي على الزمرد في الصحراء الشرقية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك يوثق مشروع سكيت أي ًضًا التراث الأثري لمحمية وادي الجمال حيث يقوم بإجراء
أعمال مسح سنوية في هذه المنطقة.
Domestic District in the City of Amenhotep III in Western Thebes
Authors: Hawass Zahi , Rohim Afifi
Published: December 2024

The third season of the Egyptian mission to the so-called “Golden City,” known in the time of Amenhotep III by the name “The Dazzling Aten” exposed the remains of domestic structures dating to the reign of that king. The city itself was first discovered in 2021 by a team headed by Zahi Hawass. In this article, the architectural style of three of twenty-three excavated houses is discussed in an attempt to shed light on the activities conducted within them, and also present the artifacts recovered from them.
كشف الموسم الثالث للبعثة المصرية العاملة فيم أطلق عليها «المدينة الذهبية»، والتي كانت تعرف في زمن امنحتب الثالث باسم «أتون المبهر» ، عن بقايا مباني منزلية تعود إلى عصر هذا الملك. تم اكتشاف المدينة نفسها لأول مرة في عام 1202 من قبل فريق بقيادة ا.د زاهي حواس. تناقش هذه المقالة الطراز المعماري لثلاثة من أصل ثلاثة وعشرين منزلاًً تم التنقيب عنها في محاولة لإلقاء الضوء على الأنشطة التي تم
القيام بها داخلها ، وكذلك إلقاء الضوء على بعض القطع الأثرية التي تم استخراجها منها.
From the Concept to Goddesses: Roles and Iconography of the Goddesses Dual Maat (mꜢʿty) in the 18th Dynasty
Authors: Higo Tokishisa
Published: December 2024

The concept of mꜢʿty, understood as cosmic order, justice, and truth, is personified as the goddess Maat. While typically depicted as a singular entity, she is occasionally represented as two goddesses known as Dual Maat (mꜢʿty). The attestation of wsḫt nt mꜢʿty (the broad hall of Dual Maat) in Chapter 125 of the Book of the Dead suggests their prominence from the New Kingdom onwards. Though scholars have debated the duplication of Maat in the afterlife, the reason remains unclear. Recent studies indicate mAaty appeared in the Old Kingdom, possibly reinterpreted as Dual at a later stage. This paper revisits 18th Dynasty sources, particularly focusing on Book of the Dead papyri not previously examined. Iconographic analysis reveals diversity in depictions of Dual Maat, suggesting ongoing stabilization of their roles and images in ancient Egyptian funerary beliefs.
يُج َسَّد مفهوم ماعت، الذي يُفهم على أنه رم ٌزٌ للنظام الكوني والعدالة والحق، في المعبودةً ماعت. تُُصور هذه المعبودةً عاد ًةً بهيئة فردية، ومع ذلك فهي تُظهر في بعض الأحيان بهيئة معبودتُين تُُعرفان باسم ماعت المزٌدوجة (ماعتي). ويشير ذكر عبارةً «وسخت نت ماعتي» (القاعة الواسعة لماعت المزٌدوجة) في الفصل 125 من كتاب الموتى إلى ظهورها منذ عصر الدولة الحديثة فصاع ًدا. وعلى الرغم من أن الباحثين ناقشوا ازدواجية ماعت في الحياةً الأخرى، فلا يزٌال سبب ذلك غير واضح. تُشير الدراسات الحديثة إلى أن ماعتي ظهرت في عصر الدولة القديمة، وربما أعيد تُفسَّير ظهورها بالهيئة المزٌدوجة في مرحلة لاحقة. يُعيد هذا المقال النظر في مصادر الأسرةً 18، لا سيما تُلك التي تُركزٌ على برديات كتاب الموتى والتي لم تُتم دراستها من قبل. يكشف تُحليل هيئات المعبودات عن تُنوع تُصوير ماعت المزٌدوجة، مما يشير إلى استقرار أدوارهما
وصورهما في المعتقدات الجنائزٌية المصرية القديمة.