bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Extrusion Temperature on the Corrosion Behavior in Sodium Chloride Solution of Solid State Recycled Aluminum Alloy 6061 Chips
Authors: Alharthi Nabeel H. , Sherif El-Sayed M. , Taha Mohamed A. , Abbas Adel T. , Abdo Hany S. , Alharbi Hamad F.
Published: April 2020

In the present work, aluminum alloy 6061 (AA6061) device chips were subjected to cold compaction monitored by an extrusion procedure at an extrusion ratio of 5:2 and elevated temperatures of 350, 425, and 500 °C, respectively. The influence of changing temperature on the corrosion of the extruded alloys after 1 h and 24 h in 3.5% NaCl solutions was studied. The polarization (cyclic potentiodynamic polarization, CPP) results indicated that the corrosion decreases with the increase of extrusion temperature of AA6061 from 350 to 500 °C. Impedance (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS) experiments provided a remarkable increase in the corrosion resistance with rising the extrusion temperature. Potentiostatic current-time (PCT) curves indicated that the current initially increased then decreased for all alloys after 1 h measurements. Prolonging the exposure time to 24 h was observed to decrease the rate of corrosion for all AA6061 alloys as proved by CPP and EIS data. This effect was found to increase the pitting corrosion as indicated by the measured PCT curves and by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images for the surface of the alloys. The surface layers formed on AA6061 alloys were mostly composed of aluminum oxide as presented by the spectra of the energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX). All results indicated that the increase of the temperature of extrusion increased the corrosion resistance via decreasing the corrosion current and corrosion rate, and that this effect was found remarkably increased when the immersion time increased from 1 to 24 h exposure to the chloride test solution.
Estimates of Autozygosity Through Runs of Homozygosity in Farmed Coho Salmon
Authors: Yoshida Grazyella M. , Cáceres Pablo , Marín-Nahuelpi Rodrigo , Koop Ben F. , Yáñez José M.
Published: April 2020

The characterization of runs of homozygosity (ROH), using high-density single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) allows inferences to be made about the past demographic history of animal populations and the genomic ROH has become a common approach to characterize the inbreeding. We aimed to analyze and characterize ROH patterns and compare different genomic and pedigree-based methods to estimate the inbreeding coefficient in two pure lines (POP A and B) and one recently admixed line (POP C) of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) breeding nuclei, genotyped using a 200 K Affymetrix Axiom® myDesign Custom SNP Array. A large number and greater mean length of ROH were found for the two “pure” lines and the recently admixed line (POP C) showed the lowest number and smaller mean length of ROH. The ROH analysis for different length classes suggests that all three coho salmon lines the genome is largely composed of a high number of short segments (<4 Mb), and for POP C no segment >16 Mb was found. A high variable number of ROH, mean length and inbreeding values across chromosomes; positively the consequence of artificial selection. Pedigree-based inbreeding values tended to underestimate genomic-based inbreeding levels, which in turn varied depending on the method used for estimation. The high positive correlations between different genomic-based inbreeding coefficients suggest that they are consistent and may be more accurate than pedigree-based methods, given that they capture information from past and more recent demographic events, even when there are no pedigree records available.
Burnout in Gastroenterology Unit Nurses
Authors: Socaciu Andreea Iulia , Ionut Razvan , Barsan Maria , Ungur Andreea Petra , Rajnoveanu Armand Gabriel
Published: April 2020

(1) Background: Burnout syndrome is a significant problem in nursing professionals but may be dependent on the type of care that they provide. The objectives of our study are to identify and explore risk factors associated with burnout among gastroenterology nurses. Identifying the risk factors involved is an essential element for prevention programs. (2) Methods: We performed an analytical descriptive cross-sectional study. Burnout was measured using an adapted version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire. Strength of association between burnout scores and risk factors was calculated using Fischer’s exact test; (3) Results: Our subjects were all female nurses. Work-related risk factors, such as an increased workload and a large number of night shifts have been associated with burnout in nurses, together with a lack of physical activity. We found no significant associations with sociodemographic factors; (4) Conclusions: Gastroenterology nurses are affected by high levels of emotional exhaustion. Work-related risk factors and a sedentary lifestyle result in a greater prevalence of burnout. In this category of healthcare workers, preventive actions are needed. The physical activity outside work could be a protective factor for burnout, and an exercise program could contribute to the effectiveness of well-established burnout intervention programs.
Understanding the Link between Animal Cruelty and Family Violence: The Bioecological Systems Model
Authors: Jegatheesan Brinda , Enders-Slegers Marie-Jose , Ormerod Elizabeth , Boyden Paula
Published: April 2020

Violence towards animals and violence towards people are often interconnected problems, and as such, this phenomenon has been termed the Link. Violence towards animals is a strong predictor that the abuser may inflict violence on people. However, it must not be assumed this is always the case. Professionals treating an animal or a human patient/client who has been subjected to abuse are uniquely situated to act in the role of ‘first responders’ when they suspect or recognize animal abuse, human abuse, or family violence. To more fully understand the Link the authors introduce Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological systems model through which to examine the complexity of the problem. Using data from earlier studies in which they interviewed police officers, other law enforcers, veterinarians, social workers, and community and family members, the authors discuss the correlation between animal cruelty and family violence. Furthermore, they examine how Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological systems model has the potential to better support animal and human health and welfare professionals in the identification of strategies for animals and humans caught in abusive settings. The authors recommend that these professionals become familiar with the bioecological systems model, which will enable them to better understand the psychological problems of animal cruelty and family violence and the different bioecological contributing factors. The authors emphasize transdisciplinary collaboration as vital in the recognition, prevention, and protection of animal and human victims trapped in family violence.
Pressure Sensing Technique for Observing Seabed Deformation Caused by Submarine Sand Wave Migration
Authors: Liu Xiaolei , Zheng Xiaoquan , Tian Zhuangcai , Zhang Hong , Chen Tian
Published: April 2020

Long-term, continuous in-situ observation of seabed deformation plays an important role in studying the mechanisms of sand wave migration and engineering early warning methods. Research on pressure sensing techniques has examined the possibility of using the temporal characteristics of the vertical deformation of the seafloor to identify important factors (e.g., wave height and migration rate) of submarine sand wave migration. Two pressure sensing tools were developed in this study to observe the seabed deformation caused by submarine sand wave migration (a fixed-depth total pressure recorder (TPRFD) and a surface synchronous bottom pressure recorder (BPRSS)), based on the principle that as a sand wave migrates under hydrodynamic forcing, the near-bottom water pressure, bottom pressure and total fixed pressure synchronously change with time. Laboratory flume experiments were performed, using natural sandy sediments taken from the beach of Qingdao, China, to better present and discuss the feasibility and limitations of using these two pressure sensing methods to acquire continuous observations of seabed deformation. The results illustrate that the proposed pressure sensor techniques can be effectively applied in reflecting elevation caused by submarine sand wave migration (the accuracy of the two methods in observing the experimental bed morphology was more than 90%). However, an unexpected step-like process of the change in sand wave height observed by BPRSS is presented to show that the sensor states can be easily disturbed by submarine environments, and thus throw the validity of BPRSS into question. Therefore, the TPRFD technique is more worthy of further study for observing submarine sand wave migration continuously and in real-time.
Ulva intestinalis Protein Extracts Promote In Vitro Collagen and Hyaluronic Acid Production by Human Dermal Fibroblasts
Authors: Bodin Justine , Adrien Amandine , Bodet Pierre-Edouard , Dufour Delphine , Baudouin Stanislas , Maugard Thierry , Bridiau Nicolas
Published: April 2020

With the increase in life expectancy, reducing the visible signs of skin aging has become a major issue. A reduction in collagen and hyaluronic acid synthesis by fibroblasts is a feature of skin aging. The green seaweed, Ulva intestinalis, is an abundant and rich source of nutrients, especially proteins and peptides. The aim of this study was to assess the potential cosmetic properties of a protein fraction from Ulva intestinalis (PROT-1) containing 51% of proteins and 22% of polysaccharides, and its enzymatic peptide hydrolysates on human dermal fibroblasts. PROT-1 was extracted using a patented acid- and solvent-free process (FR2998894 (B1)). The biochemical characterization and chromatographic analysis showed a main set of proteins (25 kDa). To demonstrate the anti-aging potential of PROT-1, fibroblast proliferation and collagen and hyaluronic acid production were assessed on fibroblast cell lines from donors aged 20 years (CCD-1059Sk) and 46 years (CCD-1090Sk). PROT-1 induced a significant increase in collagen and hyaluronic acid production per cell, and a reduction in cell proliferation without increasing cell mortality. These effects were reversed after protein hydrolysis of PROT-1, showing the central role of proteins in this promising anti-aging property.
Cell Death Effects Induced by Sulforaphane and Allyl Isothiocyanate on P-Glycoprotein Positive and Negative Variants in L1210 Cells
Authors: Kontar Szilvia , Imrichova Denisa , Bertova Anna , Mackova Katarina , Poturnayova Alexandra , Sulova Zdena , Breier Albert
Published: April 2020

Variants of L1210 leukemia cells-namely, parental P-glycoprotein-negative S cells and R and T cells expressing P-glycoprotein, due to selection with vincristine and transfection with the human p-glycoprotein gene, respectively-were used. The responses of these cell variants to two naturally occurring isothiocyanates-sulforaphane (SFN, from cruciferous vegetables) and allyl isothiocyanate (AITC, from mustard, radish, horseradish and wasabi)-were studied. We obtained conflicting results for the cell death effects induced by isothiocyanates, as measured by i. cell counting, which showed inhibited proliferation, and ii. cell metabolic activity via an MTS assay, which showed an increased MTS signal. These results indicated the hyperactivation of cell metabolism induced by treatment with isothiocyanates. In more detailed study, we found that, depending on the cell variants and the isothiocyanate used in treatment, apoptosis and necrosis (detected by annexin-V cells and propidium iodide staining), as well as autophagy (detected with monodansylcadaverine), were involved in cell death. We also determined the cell levels/expression of Bcl-2 and Bax as representative anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family, the cell levels/expression of members of the canonical and noncanonical NF-κB pathways, and the cell levels of 16 and 18 kDa fragments of LC3B protein as markers of autophagy.
Effects of Virgin Olive Oil on Bone Health in Ovariectomized Rats
Authors: Díaz-Curiel Manuel , Torrubia Blanca , Martín-Fernández Marta , Rubert Mercedes , Piedra Concepción De la
Published: April 2020

Osteoporosis is a pressing concern facing public health, thus making research into the effects of nutrients on bone health particularly important. Evidence from preclinical studies using animal models and a limited number of studies in human suggests that olive oil (OO) is a protective agent for bone. The aim of this work is to study the effects of virgin olive oil (VOO) consumption by ovariectomized rats on bone health. A total of 48 6-month-old female Wistar rats weighing 320 ± 10 g (mean ± SD) were divided into the following groups: SHAM (n = 12), simulated intervention; OVX (n = 12), ovariectomized; OVX + 100 (n = 12), ovariectomized and treated with VOO (100 µL/day by oral gavage); and OVX + 200 (n = 12) ovariectomized and treated with VOO (200 µL/day by oral gavage), all over 3 months. Femoral (F) and lumbar (L) bone mineral density (FBMD and LBMD), microtomographic parameters, fractal dimension D2D and D3D, and biomechanical properties were studied. After 3 months of VOO treatment, although FBMD and LBMD were not affected, bone quality was improved, as the elasticity of bone and fractal dimension (complexity of bone) were more similar to healthy bone. Our results support the findings of previous research suggesting that dietary intake of olive oil may exert beneficial effect on some bone characteristics.
Modifications of the Protein Characteristics of Pacaya Caused by Thermal Treatment: A Spectroscopic, Electrophoretic and Morphological Study
Authors: Hernández-Castillo Jocelyn Blanca Esthela , Bernardino-Nicanor Aurea , Vivar-Vera María de los Ángeles , Montañez-Soto José Luis , Teniente-Martínez Gerardo , Juárez-Goiz José Mayolo Simitrio , González-Cruz Leopoldo
Published: April 2020

The inflorescences of Chamaedorea tepejilote Liebm. are consumed as food in Central America and southern Mexico but is an underutilized food because of its sensory characteristics, principally due to its bitter taste. However, the inflorescences of Chamaedorea tepejilote Liebm. are nutritionally promising due to their high protein content (approximately 25%). Protein isolates from pacaya were modified via three different thermal treatments to determine the effect of the treatments on the protein structures. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the pacaya protein isolate particles had less rough and irregular surfaces with larger particle sizes due to an aggregation process when a thermal treatment was used compared to those when no thermal treatment was used. An increase in the intensity of the low molecular weight protein fractions (≤20 kDa) in the electrophoretic pattern of the proteins was observed, which was generated by the hydrolysis of the proteins by heat treatment. The modifications in the FT-IR spectra showed that thermal treatment of pacaya affected the secondary structure of its proteins, mainly when microwave treatment was used. Raman spectroscopy revealed that the α–helical structure was dominant in the proteins of pacaya and that thermal treatment increased the fraction of the β–sheet structure at the expense of the α–helical structure.
A Novel Detector Based on Convolution Neural Networks for Multiscale SAR Ship Detection in Complex Background
Authors: Dai Wenxin , Mao Yuqing , Yuan Rongao , Liu Yijing , Pu Xuemei , Li Chuan
Published: April 2020

Convolution neural network (CNN)-based detectors have shown great performance on ship detections of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. However, the performance of current models has not been satisfactory enough for detecting multiscale ships and small-size ones in front of complex backgrounds. To address the problem, we propose a novel SAR ship detector based on CNN, which consist of three subnetworks: the Fusion Feature Extractor Network (FFEN), Region Proposal Network (RPN), and Refine Detection Network (RDN). Instead of using a single feature map, we fuse feature maps in bottom–up and top–down ways and generate proposals from each fused feature map in FFEN. Furthermore, we further merge features generated by the region-of-interest (RoI) pooling layer in RDN. Based on the feature representation strategy, the CNN framework constructed can significantly enhance the location and semantics information for the multiscale ships, in particular for the small ships. On the other hand, the residual block is introduced to increase the network depth, through which the detection precision could be further improved. The public SAR ship dataset (SSDD) and China Gaofen-3 satellite SAR image are used to validate the proposed method. Our method shows excellent performance for detecting the multiscale and small-size ships with respect to some competitive models and exhibits high potential in practical application.
Nonlinear Hydraulic Pressure Response of an Improved Fiber Tip Interferometric High-Pressure Sensor
Authors: Huang Wei , Zhang Zhe , He Jun , Du Bin , Liao Changrui , Liu Shen , Yin Guolu , Wang Yiping
Published: April 2020

We demonstrate a silica diaphragm-based fiber tip Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) for high-pressure (40 MPa) sensing. By using a fiber tip polishing technique, the thickness of the silica diaphragm could be precisely controlled and the pressure sensitivity of the fabricated FPI sensor was enhanced significantly by reducing the diaphragm thickness; however, the relationship between the pressure sensitivity and diaphragm thickness is not linear. A high sensitivity of −1.436 nm/MPa and a linearity of 0.99124 in hydraulic pressure range of 0 to 40 MPa were demonstrated for a sensor with a diaphragm thickness of 4.63 μm. The achieved sensitivity was about one order of magnitude higher than the previous results reported on similar fiber tip FPI sensors in the same pressure measurement range. Sensors with a thinner silica diaphragm (i.e., 4.01 and 2.09 μm) rendered further increased hydraulic pressure sensitivity, but yield a significant nonlinear response. Two geometric models and a finite element method (FEM) were carried out to explain the nonlinear response. The simulation results indicated the formation of cambered internal silica surface during the arc discharge process in the fiber tip FPI sensor fabrication.
Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration to Remove Nickel Ions: A Response Surface Method and Artificial Neural Network Optimization
Authors: Lin Weiyun , Jing Liang , Zhang Baiyu
Published: April 2020

Nickel ions from aqueous solutions were removed by micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF), using the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a chelating agent. Process variables and indicators were modeled and optimized by a response surface methodology (RSM), using the Box–Behnken design (BBD). The generated quadratic models described the relationship between a performance indicator (nickel rejection rate or permeate flux) and process variables (pressure, nickel concentration, SDS concentration, and molecular weight cut-off (MWCO)). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that both models are statistically significant. To remove 1 mM of nickel ions, the optimal condition for maximum nickel removal and flux were: pressure = 30 psi, CSDS = 10.05 mM, and MWCO = 10 kDa, resulting in a rejection rate of 98.16% and a flux of 119.20 L/h∙m2. Experimental verification indicates that the RSM model could adequately describe the performance indicators within the examined ranges of the process variables. An artificial neural network (ANN) modelling followed to predict the MEUF performance and validate the RSM results. The obtained ANN models showed good fitness to the experimental data.
2019 Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting: An Analysis of Serious Events and Incidents From the Nation's Largest Event Reporting Database
Authors: Kepner Shawn , Jones Rebecca , Allen Caitlyn , Glunk Daniel , Weitz Eric , Smullens Stanton
Published: April 2020

Pennsylvania is the only state that requires healthcare facilities to report all events of harm or potential for harm. Serious Events and Incidents are reported to the Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System (PA-PSRS)*, which is the largest repository
of patient safety data in the United States, and one of the largest in the world, with over 3.6 million acute care records. The overwhelming majority (97.1%) of all acute care event reports are Incidents. For 2019, there were 284,847 Incidents and 8,553 Serious Events for a total of 293,400 reported events.

The counts of all events and the percentage that are Serious Events reported over the last eight years are provided in Figure 1. The total number of event reports has increased during the last four years. The number of reported Serious Events has increased over the past three years with the largest annual increase occurring in 2019 (+5.7%). This article will show details of the PA-PSRS acute care data along with longitudinal and categorical insights that can be used for improving patient safety.
Healthcare-Associated Infections in the Long-Term Care Setting: An Analysis of Reports From Pennsylvania
Authors: Kepner Shawn , Harper Amy , Jones Rebecca , Allen Caitlyn , Hoffman Regina , Glunk Daniel , Weitz Eric , Smullens Stanton
Published: April 2020

The Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System (PA-PSRS) is the largest repository of patient safety data in the United States. In addition to over 3.6 million Acute Care records, PA-PSRS has collected more than 330,000 Long-Term Care (LTC) healthcare-associated in¬fection reports since 2009. A total of 28,310 infections were reported in 2019, representing a 9% decrease from the prior year. The Northwest region of the state had the highest infection reporting rate, with 1.25 reports per 1,000 resident days. There was a 20% reduction in both the number and reporting rate of respiratory tract infections from 2018 to 2019; however, respiratory tract infections remained the most frequently reported infection type overall. Cellulitis, soft tissue, or wound infection was the most frequently reported infection subtype in 2019, followed by pneumonia and symptomatic urinary tract infection. With this information, nursing homes and interested parties can determine which trends or characteristics of the data are relevant for reduction in infections in nursing homes. Overall, this analysis demonstrates areas in which continued education and infection prevention measures can be applied to further enhance the safety for residents in long-term care facilities.
Consumo midiático, localismos e cosmopolitismos: a série brasileira Coisa mais linda
Authors: Greco Clarice , Souza Gustavo , Luci Pereira Simone
Published: April 2020

Este artigo traz reflexões sobre novas formas de consumo midiático, como as plataformas de Video on Demand a exemplo da Netflix, abordando o localismo nas produções nacionais e o cosmopolitismo proporcionado pela transmissão de conteúdo para públicos globais. A conceituação teórica é ancorada em autores que discutem o consumo cultural (GARCÍA CANCLINI, 2004), a nacionalização da ficção televisiva (LOPES, 2004) e a memória como recurso no audiovisual (MACDOUGALL, 1998). Em seguida, discorremos brevemente sobre as séries nacionais produzidas pela Netflix Brasil até o final de 2019, a fim de ilustrar as primeiras experiências da produtora e a tendência a certos tipos de narrativas ou gêneros. Por fim, analisamos os elementos nacionais e a relação com a memória presentes na série Coisa Mais Linda (Netflix Brasil, 2019). A análise da série parte da ideia de “promessa de sentido” (JOST, 2008) para, a seguir, se deter na narrativa com foco nas personagens (JOLY, 1996). Como resultado argumentamos que é possível perceber na série elementos de uma ‘brasilidade’ demarcada para conquista de público internacional e o uso de uma temporalidade passada para discutir questões do presente.
URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN THE SOUTH OF SIBERIA: FORMATION OF COMMUNICATION CORRIDORS
Authors: Skryabin P.
Published: April 2020

This publication is devoted to the prospects of urban development in the southern part of Siberia, including the Altai territory, the southern part of the Novosibirsk region, the southern tip of the Krasnoyarsk territory, the Kemerovo and Irkutsk regions, the Altai Republic, Khakassia and Tyva. From the North, the territory under study is bounded by the Trans-Siberian railway and from the East by the shore of Lake Baikal. Within the boundaries of the South Siberian settlement system, the author identifies three major settlement systems (agglomeration systems). The first system is developed in the Ob river basins (formed by the confluence of the Biya and Katun rivers) and the Tomi, including the Novosibirsk, Barnaul–Biysk, Kemerovo–Novokuznetsk, and Gorno-Altaisk–Maima agglomerations. The second system is developing along the Yenisei and includes the Krasnoyarsk and Abakan agglomerations and the city of Kyzyl. The third Baikal-Angra system is developing in the triangle Trans-Siberian railway-the West Bank of Baikal – Baikal-Amur highway, including the Irkutsk agglomeration of a number of cities and settlements. Each settlement system has been formed and is developing on the lines of intersection of transport and logical corridors (the Trans-Siberian highway, the Baikal-Amur highway, the Chui tract, and others). The lines of these corridors are determined by natural and landscape factors (coasts of large rivers, mountains, intermountain basins, steppes). The study of typological features of the territory allows to identify directions for the formation of future communication and logistics corridors and the development of a network of interconnected settlements.
CREATING AN ADAPTIVE ARCHITECTURE BASED ON BAMBOO STRUCTURES
Authors: Solanilla Medina Yo. M.
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to brief historical excerpts about the types of adaptability of architectural objects based on structures using bamboo. The main methods of forming adaptive architecture on flooded territories, on water spaces and on the ground surface in forests on supports are considered. The traditional experience of building an object with a clay basement of the Paetses Indians is studied to protect the building and property of residents from rising groundwater during prolonged rains. Architectural objects are adapted to local natural and climatic conditions using local renewable natural materials. For countries with a hot-humid climate, bamboo trunks are the main quick-renewable and easy processed material. The durability and strength of this material allow to reliably place various buildings and structures in the flooded and coastal areas. The structural elements of these objects have retained their operational qualities for many years. The coastal territories attracted the ancient settlers with rich coastal vegetation, the diversity of the animal world and the ease of hunting and fishing, as well as the ability to use water for technical and hygienic needs. These factors serve as the main reason for choosing construction sites in areas with adverse climatic conditions.
Cultura de Paz Como Mecanismo para la Convivencia Humana, Intercultural y de otras Nacionalidades, desde la Educación
Authors: Novoa Seminario Militza , Reina Chila Rosa Ángela , Yerovi Ricaurte Elke Jacqueline
Published: April 2020

Esta investigación tuvo como propósito sensibilizar a los docentes en torno al fortalecimiento de la cultura de paz como mecanismo para la convivencia humana, intercultural y de otras nacionalidades para comprender su relevancia en el desarrollo integral del estudiante e interpretar la relación con la convivencia en el contexto educativo. Para cumplir con el objetivo trazado se utilizó la metodología de la monografía, bajo la modalidad documental de tipo descriptivo y como técnicas para la recolección de la información fueron el análisis y síntesis, revisión bibliográfica, el fichaje y el análisis de documentos. Cuando no se respetan la dignidad y los derechos de las personas se originan situaciones de discriminación, rechazo e injusticia por motivos de recursos económicos, raza, sexo, salud, creencias, cultura. Lo importante es la capacidad de afrontar positivamente los conflictos en el marco de la paz, la escuela está llamada a robustecerla reforzando en el ámbito escolar la cultura de paz para la convivencia.
Perfüzyonist Mesleğinin Sağlık Çalışanları Arasındaki Bilinirliği
Authors: AMAÇ Bişar , BALTACI Ecehan
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma perfüzyonist mesleğinin sağlık çalışanları arasındaki bilinirliğinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu araştırmanın evrenini Şanlıurfa il merkezinde bulunan bir kamu hastanesinin çalışanlarından ankete katılmayı kabul eden 125 sağlık personeli oluşturdu. Verilerin toplanmasında “Anket Formu” kullanıldı. Hazırlanan “Anket Formu” katılımcıların demografik bilgilerini belirleyen ve perfüzyonistliğin mesleki ve eğitimsel nitelikleri ile ilgili sorulardan oluşmaktadır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin yaş ortalaması 29,02±7,66, 80 (%64)’i kadın ve 45 (%36)’i erkek, 20 (%16)'i lise, 42 (%33,6)'i önlisans, 45 (%36)'ı lisans ve 18 (%14,4)'i lisansüstü eğitim seviyesine sahipti. Katılımcıların meslekleri ise 16 (%12,8)'sı ebe, 47 (%37,6)'si hemşire, 8 (%6,4)'i hekim, 34 (%27,2)'ü sağlık teknikeri/teknisyeni ve 20 (%16)'si sağlık lisansiyeri idi. Sağlık çalışanları büyük oranda perfüzyonistliği bildikleri ancak mesleksel niteliği, rol ve görevlerini ve eğitimsel düzeyini büyük çoğunluğun bilmediği görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Perfüzyonistlik mesleğinin gerçek rol ve sorumluluklarını, almaları gereken eğitimi sağlık çalışanları halen daha yeteri kadar bilmemektedir. Mesleğin niteliği, rolleri ve eğitimi hakkında daha fazla tanıtım ve bilgilendirilmelerin yapılması gerekmektedir.
Salgınlarda Toplum Davranışı ve Sağlık Okuryazarlığı
Authors: ÖZKAN Seçil , TÜZÜN Hakan , UĞRAŞ DİKMEN Asiye , İLHAN Mustafa Necmi
Published: April 2020

Salgınlarda, insanların davranışsal tepkilerinin toplumsal sonuçları etkilediği görülmüştür. Acil müdahale için toplum bilimlerine dayalı yaklaşımları ve müdahaleleri entegre etmek önemlidir. Müdahalelerin toplum tarafından algılanması ve uygulanması ise bireylerin sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyi ile yakından ilişkilidir. Bu derlemede salgınlarda birey davranış modelleri ve etkili faktörler incelenmiştir. Salgın esnasında uygulana kriz iletişiminin başarısında sağlık okuryazarlığının etkisine değinilmiştir.
Structure Engineering in Biomass-Derived Carbon Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Li Ruizi , Zhou Yanping , Li Wenbin , Zhu Jixin , Huang Wei
Published: April 2020

Biomass-derived carbon materials (B-d-CMs) are considered as a group of very promising electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage (EES) by virtue of their naturally diverse and intricate microarchitectures, extensive and low-cost source, environmental friendliness, and feasibility to be produced in a large scale. However, the practical application of raw B-d-CMs in EES is limited by their relatively rare storage sites and low diffusion kinetics. In recent years, various strategies from structural design to material composite manipulation have been explored to overcome these problems. In this review, a controllable design of B-d-CM structures boosting their storage sites and diffusion kinetics for EES devices including SIBs, Li-S batteries, and supercapacitors is systematically summarized from the aspects of effects of pseudographic structure, hierarchical pore structure, surface functional groups, and heteroatom doping of B-d-CMs, as well as the composite structure of B-d-CMs, aiming to provide guidance for further rational design of the B-d-CMs for high-performance EES devices. Besides, the contemporary challenges and perspectives on B-d-CMs and their composites are also proposed for further practical application of B-d-CMs for EES devices.
Health Care Utilization and Expenditure in War Survivors
Authors: Mousavi Batool , Maftoon Farzaneh , Soroush Mohammadreza , Mohammad Kazem , Majdzadeh Reza
Published: April 2020

Background: To describe the utilization and out-of-pocket (OOP) payments of war survivors receiving health care services and its determinants. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out by systematic random sampling at national level (n = 3079) on healthcare utilization in war survivors on their last received services. A validated questionnaire was used to gather the information of inpatient and outpatient healthcare services and OOP payment. The data were analyzed to indicate the determinants of health utilization and expenses. Results: Health care utilization was reported in 91.6% (n = 2822). The majority (82.5%) received one or two services in their last visits, mostly related to physician visits and medications (65.97%). Health care utilization was higher than general population annually, especially in physician visit (6.6 versus 4.89), medication (5.1 versus 3.6), and hospitalization (0.78 versus 0.15). About 20.2% (n = 599) of the study population paid out of their pocket for their last medical care services. The frequency of OOP payment was greater for physician visit and medication. Payment for hospitalization, imaging, and lab tests were more significantly associated with proceeding to reimburse the expenses (P<0.001). The median OOP payment was US$10.8 (interquartile range US$20.6). Gender (P=0.003), area of residence (P=0.01) and being war victims (P=0.005) were the significant determinants for both OOP payments and reclaiming the expenditure. Higher amount of payments (P<0.001) and more received health services (P=0.002) were also important factors in reclaiming the expenditure. Conclusion: Both outpatient services and hospital admission are more frequent among war survivors compared to the general Iranian population. Future studies should attempt to explore the reasons.
Peace through Health and Medical Education: First Steps in Inclination of Healthcare Workers Toward Conflict-Preventive Activities
Authors: Taherifard Erfan , Molavi Vardanjani Hossein , Arya Neil , Salehi Alireza
Published: April 2020

Background:The number of deaths and disabilities due to all types of violence has increased; violence and especially war heavily affect public and individual health and all sectors, including the health sector, are responsible for making attempts to take part in mitigation of war effects. However, "peace through health" has not been so far included globally in the curriculum of basic medical schools. The study aims to prepare data on responsibilities that could be devolved to health sector, and the importance and role of education for those health workers who are willing to participate in the peace fieldMethods:A systematic search in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and ERIC was conducted looking for relevant documents following combination of the key terms: peace, health and education.Results:Health professionals consider war as a serious contagious disease that needs to be prevented like any other diseases. Prevention maneuvers at the primordial, primary, secondary and tertiary stages are important tasks that can be carried out by health professionals; there is an increasing demand for establishment of some courses; the roles and the manner of performing these tasks are not part of medical curriculum and for better execution of these roles, peace through health courses should be developed and then integrated to the current curriculum of health-related universities.Conclusion:The work of developing peace through health courses has been started before and it will continue until it completely becomes an accepted global course.
Human Casualties and War: Results of a National Epidemiologic Survey in Iran
Authors: Soroush Mohammadreza , Ganjparvar Zohreh , Mousavi Batool
Published: April 2020

Background: Limited studies have reported epidemiologic data on the impact of Iran-Iraq war. This study examines the war casualties for both combatants and civilians on Iranians at national level. Methods: Databases of Veterans and Martyrs Affair Foundation (VMAF), Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC) and Ministry of Health were used to collect the data. The prevalence of injuries for both civilians and combatants was presented. Casualties were studied based on conventional and unconventional weapons attacks (1980–2018), separately. Results: The Iran-Iraq war led to 183623 lost lives, 554990 injured and 40240 captured. The mean length of captivity was 45.7 months (1 month-19 years) and 2.7% (n = 575) died in captivity. There were 1439180 war related injuries recorded in databanks, mostly affecting men (98.4%). About 1439180 injuries were recorded, most of them related to conventional weapons (938928 [65.24%]). Remaining artillery and mortar fragmentation in the body (39.5%, n = 371236), psychological disorders (15.9%, n = 228944), and exposure to chemical weapons (11%, n = 158817) were the most prevalent war-related injuries. Conclusion: Human casualties of the Iran-Iraq war on the Iranian side and the health care system are huge even after more than three decades.
Provision of Peace and Right to Health through Sanctions: Threats and Opportunities
Authors: Dastafkan Reihaneh , Salehi Hadi , Hooshmand Mohammad Mehdi
Published: April 2020

According to the purposes for the formation of the United Nations, sophistication of institutions like the Security Council must be evaluated based on the provision of peace and how they guarantee human rights. Therefore, in case Security Council does not follow these two mentioned factors, its function would be itself a threat to the international peace and security. This analytical research is based on collecting library theoretical data related to different field studies which investigated the effects of sanctions issued by the Security Council, the United States and the European Union on citizens’ health and tried to assess both their efficiency and legitimacy. The right to health is connected with the right of living. In case enough drugs, appropriate treatment and medical equipment are not provided at the proper time, both physical and mental health might be threatened and this can cause death of a large number of people. Considering the Security Council as an institution which is expected to take into account the citizens’ basic rights and not to ignore its own initial objective, the present paper was an attempt to provide explanations for the above concepts and their relationships and to analyze the findings of previous field studies. The paper concluded that sanctions issued by the Security Council and the United States are potentially functioning as threats to the international peace and so these sanctions are violating the citizens’ right to health.
Petroleum systems and structures offshore central West Greenland: implications for hydrocarbon prospectivity
Authors: Gregersen Ulrik , Bidstrup Torben , Bojesen-Koefoed Jørgen A. , Christiansen Flemming G. , Dalhoff Finn , Sønderholm Martin
Published: April 2020

A detailed geophysical mapping project has been carried out by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) in the offshore region south-west and west of Disko and Nuussuaq, central West Greenland as part of the preparations for the Disko West Licensing Round in 2006 (Fig. 1). The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the prospectivity of this almost 100 000 km2 large region, and to increase knowledge of basin evolution and the structural development. Results of the work, including a new structural elements map of the region and highlights of particular interest for hydrocarbon exploration of this area, are summarised below. Evidence of live petroleum systems has been recognised in the onshore areas since the beginning of the 1990s when seeps of five different oil types were demonstrated (Bojesen-Koefoed et al. 1999). Oil seeps suggesting widely distributed marine source rocks of Mesozoic age are particularly promising for the exploration potential (Bojesen-Koefoed et al. 2004, 2007). Furthermore, possible DHIs (Direct Hydro carbon Indicators) such as gas-clouds, pock marks, bright spots and flat events have been interpreted in the offshore region (Skaarup et al. 2000; Gregersen & Bidstrup in press). The evaluation of the region (Fig. 1) is based on all public and proprietary seismic data together with public domainmagnetic and gravity data. The seismic data (a total of c. 28 000 line km) are tied to the two existing offshore exploration wells in the region (Hellefisk-1 and Ikermiut-1). The study also incorporates information on sediments and volcanic rocks from onshore Disko and Nuussuaq (Fig. 2). Ten seismic horizons ranging from ‘mid-Cretaceous’ to ‘Base Quaternary’ (Fig. 2) have been interpreted regionally. Large correlation distances to wells, varying data quality and a thick cover of basalt in the north-eastern part of the region, add uncertainty in the regional interpretation, especially for the deeper horizons such as the ‘mid-Cretaceous’ equivalent to Santonian sandstone interval drilled in Qulleq-1 far south. Based on the seismic interpretation (Fig. 3) structural elements maps, horizon-depth maps and isopach maps have been produced; these maps, together with general stratigraphic knowledge on potential reservoirs, seals and source rocks (Fig. 2), provide important information for discussions of critical play elements including kitchens and structures.The existence of many large structures combined with the evidence of live petroleum systems has spurred the recent major interest for hydrocarbon exploration in the region.
Dos momentos constitucionales en Juan Bautista Alberdi: entre Théodore Jouffroy y Benjamín Constant
Authors: Betria Mercedes , Rodríguez Gabriela
Published: April 2020

Analizamos dos momentos constitucionales en la obra de Juan Bautista Alberdi a partir de sus lecturas de Théodore Jouffroy y Benjamin Constant. En el primer caso, ponemos en relieve la concepción filosófico- moral del derecho así como el modelo de publicista que fue Jouffroy para el “joven” Alberdi de 1837. En el segundo, analizamos el modo en que, en 1852, adoptó la postura de Constant para pensar la autoridad política a partir de las diversas teorizaciones del “poder neutral” plasmado en la figura presidencial de la Constitución Nacional de la República Argentina sancionada en 1853.
Axel Honneth. La idea del socialismo. Una tentativa de actualización
Authors: Ciappina Damián
Published: April 2020

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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF BIONIC SOIL-ENGAGING BLADES
FOR SOIL ADHESION REDUCTION BY SIMULATING
ARMADILLIDIUM VULGARE BODY SURFACE
Authors: Massah Jafar , Hassanpour Roudbeneh Fatemeh , Hassanpour Roudbeneh Zeinab , Asefpour Vakilian Keyvan
Published: April 2020

Soil adhesion is a physical phenomenon which results in undesirable effects including increment in drag force and energy consumption of cutting or tillage tools. One method to reduce the soil adhesion is biomimetics, i.e., focusing on the technique soil-burrowing animals’ benefit. In this study, three types of blade were designed and built: flat blade, corrugated blade and a combination of flat and corrugated blades. The corrugated blade was simulated from Armadillidium vulgare body surface geometrical shape. Experimental results showed that in dry soil, flat and corrugated blades required similar drag force while the combined blade showed higher drag force requirements. In wet soil, the corrugated blade resulted in the lowest drag force, which was due to faster movement of soil layer on the blade surface. Drag force of the corrugated blade was lower than the half of the drag force of two other blades at travel speed of 0.04 m/s. Besides, the drag force of corrugated blade decreased by increasing the blade travel speed. Furthermore, in wet soil, the energy consumption of the corrugated blade at the travel speeds of 0.02 and 0.04 m/s was 66% and 83% lower than the flat blade, respectively.
Finommechanikai elem erő-elmozdulás diagramjának meghatározása speciális robotmegfogóval
Authors: Rónai László , Szabó Tamás
Published: April 2020

A cikk egy korábban kifejlesztett intelligens robotmegfogó ellenőrzési folyamatokra való alkalmazhatóságát tárgyalja egy konkrét példán keresztül. A szerkezet tartalmaz egy erőmérő cellát és egy mikrovezérlőt az erőmérés lehetővé tételéhez. A megfogó egység ezen felül alkalmas szerelési folyamatok intelligens elvégzésére is. Egy műanyag akkumulátor tartó fedél részösszeállításán keresztül bemutatásra kerül a fedélben található spirál rugó erő-elmozdulás karakterisztikájának felvétele. A kapott eredmények lehetőséget adhatnak adott szerkezetek minőségbiztosítási kiértékelésére.
Időben változó hőátadás matematikai modellje és CFD szimulációja
Authors: Takács Dávid , Erdős Antal , Petrik Máté
Published: April 2020

Jelen tanulmányban a tranziens hőátadás jelensége kerül tárgyalásra, konkrétan gördülőcsapágyak gördülő elemének vizsgálata a hőkezelést követő lehűlés során golyó és henger esetén. Bemutatásra kerül a hővezetés elméleti és matematikai háttere és az alkalmazhatóságának határa, valamint a technológiának köszönhetően ugyanezen probléma számítógépes (CFD) analízise.
Optimized Complexity Problem Based on Combined Fully Blind Self Adapted Method using PSO for Cognitive Radio Spectrum Sensing
Authors:   Madhav Institute of technology and Science, Gwalior, Rajput Rakesh Singh , Gupta Rekha ,   Madhav Institute of technology and Science, Gwalior, Trivedi Aditya ,   ABV Indian Institute of Information technology and Management, Gwalior
Published: April 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to solve the complexity problem and improved existing methods such as energy detection, Maximum-Minimum Eigen value detectors (MME), MME with blind two stage detector and adaptive covariance threshold method. PSO algorithm stands for Particle Swarm Optimization is utilized to novelty the optimal sensing time at that there will be maximum detection of probability for the Primary user. In which, we compare the optimal-PSO algorithm with non-optimal method. The simulation of the paper is depend on the performance of probability of detection based on the false alarm rate on the different region of the signal to noise ratio. The proposed optimized method of detector shows a superior performance values when compared to three individual detectors. The performance metrics of proposed method are performed better than other three individual detector.
Automatic Attendance System with Face Recognition using Machine Learning
Authors:   Department of CSE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, India, T.* Nagamani , Logeswari Dr. S. ,   Department of CSE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, India., Gomathy Dr. B. ,   Department of CSE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, India., Sathishkumar Mr. P. ,   Department of CSE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, India., Kiruthikaa Mrs. K. V. ,   Department of CSE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, India.
Published: April 2020

Object and Face detection and recognition is one of the mostly researched area in computer vision. This particular field of work is widely used in mobile phones and laptops for unlocking the system by the user. Recently this field gained importance in the automatic attendance system in schools, colleges and institution. The institutions are moving from biometric based attendance to face recognition based attendance system. In this project work, I have used machine learning techniques to create a complete system of automatic attendance system which can be implemented very easily. There are majorly four steps involved in the system. Firstly, the datasets can be created instantly using webcam and in the second stage the created data set have to be trained and the trainer algorithm will create the trainer.yml document. As a next step, the face recognition algorithm have to be performed in order to recognize the faces of various students and teacher. In the final step, the attendance of the students will be updated in the CSV file or Excel. The proposed work is very much suited for the real time applications like automatic attendance system. HaarCascade is very effective technique to produce much simple and accurate system.