bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phylogeography and genetic variation in Western Jacob's ladder (Polemonium occidentale) provide insights into the origin and conservation of rare species in the Great Lakes region
Authors: Rose Jeffrey P. , Sytsma Kenneth J.
Published: October 2022

The perennial herb Western Jacob's Ladder (Polemonium occidentale, Polemoniaceae) is widespread in the mountains of western North America but reappears as a disjunct in the Great Lakes Region in Minnesota and Wisconsin, USA as the narrow endemic P. occidentale subsp. lacustre. This distribution is shown by a diverse assemblage of angiosperms. It has been hypothesized that these species became isolated just after the Last Glacial Maximum, but this has not been tested. Additionally, the genetic diversity and population connectivity of the endemic Great Lakes flora has been understudied, with important conservation implications. Using genotyping‐by‐sequencing, we examined the relationship of P. occidentale subsp. lacustre to its closest relatives, relationships among all known populations, and genetic diversity within these populations. Polemonium occidentale subsp. lacustre represents an isolated, unique lineage that diverged from its closest relatives 1.3 Ma and arrived in the Great Lakes Region by at least 38 ka. Nearly all extant populations diverged prior to the Last Glacial Maximum, are genetically distinct, and show little within‐population genetic diversity. Clonality may mitigate reduction in diversity due to drift. Mixed population signal between Wisconsin and some Minnesota populations may be due to gene flow during the Late Pleistocene. While populations of P. occidentale subsp. lacustre may be relictual from a now extinct western relative, it is best treated as a distinct species. Conservation efforts should focus more on ensuring that current populations remain rather than maintaining large populations sizes across a few populations. However, encouraging habitat heterogeneity may accomplish both simultaneously.
Science in the mist: A model of asymmetric information for the research market
Authors: Pernagallo Giuseppe
Published: October 2022

This paper aims to describe the process underlying the submission and acceptance of high quality papers to top journals via a model of asymmetric information. Researchers have the relevant information, namely the probability that the research paper will be recognised by the scientific community. The model predicts many empirical facts of modern publishing systems: top journals receive too many submissions; few published papers are recognised by the scientific community; risky papers benefit from imperfect information, and groundbreaking papers are more likely to be published than in the case of perfect information; the distribution of papers can be skewed to the right. An extension of the model that considers the reputation of researchers shows that researchers with low reputation may be precluded from publishing in top journals, so the scientific system may be against innovation fostered by young scholars. Monte Carlo simulations and real data are used to substantiate the paper's findings. Policy implications and Pareto efficiency are also discussed.
Metformin prevents hypoxia‐induced podocyte injury by regulating the ZEB2/TG2 axis
Authors: Kolligundla Lakshmi P. , Kavvuri Rajesh , Singh Ashish K. , Mukhi Dhanunjay , Pasupulati Anil K.
Published: October 2022

Aim

Podocytes, a vital component of the glomerular filtration barrier, are vulnerable to various noxious stimuli, including Hypoxic. HIF1α that transduces hypoxic adaptations induces Transglutaminase 2 (TG2), which catalyses cross‐linking of extracellular matrix proteins. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of regulation of TG2 by HIF1α.

Methods

HIF1α was induced in podocytes by treating with FG4592 (Roxadustat) or hypoxia (1% oxygen) and in mice by treating with FG4592. Gene expression and protein analysis of ZEB2, TRPC6 and TG2 were performed in both experimental models. Histological and kidney function analyses were performed in mice.

Results

Data mining revealed co‐expression of HIF1α, ZEB2, TRPC6 and TG2 in the chronic kidney diseases (CKD)‐validated dataset. We observed elevated expression of ZEB2, TRPC6 and TG2 in FG4592‐treated podocytes. Ectopic expression of ZEB2 resulted in high TRPC6 expression, elevated intracellular calcium levels and increased TG2 activity. Blocking the TRPC6 channel or inhibiting its expression partially attenuated FG4592‐induced TG2 activity, whereas suppression of ZEB2 expression significantly abolished TG2 activity. Furthermore, we noticed the induction of the ZEB2/TRPC6/TG2 axis in podocytes in mice administered with FG‐4592. Metformin ameliorated the HIF1α‐induced podocyte injury and proteinuria in mice administered with FG‐4592.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that HIF1α stimulates both TG2 expression and activity via ZEB2/TRPC6 axis, whereas abrogation of HIF1α by metformin prevented hypoxia‐induced glomerular injury. Metformin could be explored to treat proteinuric diseases such as CKD, sleep apnea and renal Ischemia–reperfusion‐injury, where hypoxia is considered a risk factor.
Men who have sex with men: An approach to social network analysis
Authors: Marqués‐Sánchez Pilar , Bermejo‐Martínez David , Quiroga Sánchez Enedina , Calvo‐Ayuso Natalia , Liébana‐Presa Cristina , Benítez‐Andrades José Alberto
Published: October 2022

Background

Dating apps for men who have sex with men (MSM) have favored unprotected sexual encounters; other unsafe practices, including drug use, are widespread. No evidence is available from the perspective of the structure of their relationships, a personal aspect included in all nursing meta‐paradigms.

Aim

To study the structure of MSM networks through dating and contact applications and this relationship to risky sexual activities such as condom use, chemsex (sex while using drug), and group sex.

Design

Descriptive cross‐sectional study.

Sample

A total of 32 MSM participants from Madrid (Spain).

Measurements

Socio‐demographic and structural variables with Social Network Analysis (SNA) metrics. Data on condom use, drug use during encounters, and group sex were included.

Results

Twenty‐five percent of respondents practiced chemsex, and 75% of these used poppers. MSM with higher socioeconomic status participated in group sex sessions more frequently than those with lower socioeconomics. Within the network analysis, the relationships strong showed greater ease in having unprotected anal intercourse.

Conclusion

SNA can be effective in the study of MSM sexual networks and their risk behaviors for community nurses to improve their interventions in sexual health promotion.
The diving response and cardiac vagal activity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ackermann Stefan Peter , Raab Markus , Backschat Serena , Smith David John Charles , Javelle Florian , Laborde Sylvain
Published: October 2022

This article aimed to synthesize the various triggers of the diving response and to perform a meta‐analysis assessing their effects on cardiac vagal activity. The protocol was preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42021231419; 01.07.2021). A systematic and meta‐analytic review of cardiac vagal activity was conducted, indexed with the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) in the context of the diving response. The search on MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, ProQuest and PsycNet was finalized on November 6th, 2021. Studies with human participants were considered, measuring RMSSD pre‐ and during and/or post‐exposure to at least one trigger of the diving response. Seventeen papers (n = 311) met inclusion criteria. Triggers examined include face immersion or cooling, SCUBA diving, and total body immersion into water. Compared to resting conditions, a significant moderate to large positive effect was found for RMSSD during exposure (Hedges' g = 0.59, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.82, p < .001), but not post‐exposure (g = 0.11, 95% CI −0.14 to 0.36, p = .34). Among the considered moderators, total body immersion had a significantly larger effect than forehead cooling (QM = 23.46, df = 1, p < .001). No further differences were detected. Limitations were the small number of studies included, heterogenous triggers, few participants and low quality of evidence. Further research is needed to investigate the role of cardiac sympathetic activity and of the moderators.
Media exposure, threat processing, and mitigation behaviors in Gulf Coast residents facing the co‐occurring threats of COVID‐19 and hurricanes
Authors: Garfin Dana Rose , Thompson Rebecca R. , Wong‐Parodi Gabrielle
Published: October 2022

The 2020 hurricane season threatened millions of Americans concurrently grappling with COVID‐19. Processes guiding individual‐level mitigation for these conceptually distinct threats, one novel and chronic (COVID‐19), the other familiar and episodic (hurricanes), are unknown. Theories of health protective behaviors suggest that inputs from external stimuli (e.g., traditional and social media) lead to threat processing, including perceived efficacy (self‐ and response) and perceived threat (susceptibility and severity), guiding mitigation behavior. We surveyed a representative sample of Florida and Texas residents (N = 1846) between April 14, 2020 and April 27, 2020; many had previous hurricane exposure; all were previously assessed between September 8, 2017 and September 11, 2017. Using preregistered analyses, two generalized structural equation models tested direct and indirect effects of media exposure (traditional media, social media) on self‐reported (1) COVID‐19 mitigation (handwashing, mask‐wearing, social distancing) and (2) hurricane mitigation (preparation behaviors), as mediated through perceived efficacy (self‐ and response) and perceived threat (susceptibility and severity). Self‐efficacy and response efficacy were associated with social distancing (p = .002), handwashing, mask‐wearing, and hurricane preparation (ps < 0.001). Perceived susceptibility was positively associated with social distancing (p = 0.017) and hurricane preparation (p < 0.001). Perceived severity was positively associated with social distancing (p < 0.001). Traditional media exhibited indirect effects on COVID‐19 mitigation through increased response efficacy (ps < 0.05), and to a lesser extent self‐efficacy (p < 0.05), and on hurricane preparation through increased self‐efficacy and response efficacy and perceived susceptibility (ps < 0.05). Social media did not exhibit indirect effects on COVID‐19 or hurricane mitigation. Communications targeting efficacy and susceptibility may encourage mitigation behavior; research should explore how social media campaigns can more effectively target threat processing, guiding protective actions.
Control Design for a Marine Hydrokinetic Cycloturbine Vehicle
Authors: Goldschmidt Margalit Z. , Horn Joseph , Jonson Michael L.
Published: October 2022

Marine Hydrokinetic (MHK) cycloturbines generate sustainable power by exploiting tidal currents. By powering the turbines and using pitching foils for control, a vehicle comprised of MHK cycloturbines also has the ability to station keep and maneuver. The vehicle consists of four counter-rotating cycloturbines, with hydrofoils oriented perpendicular to the flow in a paddlewheel configuration. Lift and drag generated from these foils sum together to produce thrust. An experimentally tuned simulation model that solves the six-degrees-of-freedom rigid body equations of motion for the MHK vehicle subject to hydrodynamic, hydrostatic, and propulsive forces is used to aid the design of vehicle controllers. Global feedback controllers are initially designed by applying classical control methods to an approximate linear model of the system dynamics. A higher performing nonlinear controller is designed using the nonlinear dynamic inversion (NDI) method. NDI accounts for the nonlinearities of the MHK system and therefore is suitable for a wide range of operating conditions. The response of the classical and NDI controllers to speed, depth, roll, pitch, and yaw commands are evaluated and compared in simulation. The classical controller outperforms the NDI controller for small amplitude maneuvers, although the degradation with NDI is minor. However, in the nonlinear operating regime the NDI controller outperforms the classical controller and the classical controller exhibits instability.
A Machine Learning Approach to Predicting Unsteady Transonic Flow of Pitching Airfoils
Authors: Kaul Upender K.
Published: October 2022

A machine learning methodology has been proposed in this paper to study the unsteady transonic aerodynamics in the flutter regime. The methodology is based on a well-established regularization technique, and it compares very well with the data modeling approach proposed recently by the author in the prediction of the lift coefficient, cl, of NACA00 series airfoils over a range of reduced frequency. The present methodology has been extended to the prediction of the airfoil pitching moment coefficient, cpm, also. Just as in the case of the data model proposed earlier, the regularization-based machine learning model is trained on a subset of the considered reduced frequency range and a subset of the NACA00 series airfoils. The model predictions are in good agreement with the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results, in the reduced frequency range for the selected test NACA00 profiles including those with a thickness typical of supercritical wing sections. The machine learning methodology presented here represents a new technology that can be used in the prediction of transonic flutter aerodynamics of wings using a strip theory approach. This new approach can be coupled with a simple finite element model such as a beam element model offering a rapidly implementable aeroelastic framework for the design of new transonic wings.
Ammonia Slip Estimation Based on Ammonia Slip Catalyst Control-Oriented Modeling and On-Board Diagnostics NOX Sensor Cross-Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Piqueras Pedro , Pla Benjamín , Sanchis Enrique José , Aronis André
Published: October 2022

The incoming emission regulations for internal combustion engines are gradually introducing new pollutant species, which require greater complexity of the aftertreatment systems concerning layout, control, and diagnostics. This is the case of ammonia, which is injected into the exhaust gas through urea injections for NOx abatement in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems and can also be generated in three-way catalysts. However, ammonia slip requires its oxidation on a dedicated ammonia slip catalyst (ASC). The set composed of the urea injection system, SCR, and ASC requires control tools to ensure high NOx conversion efficiency and compliant ammonia slip under real driving conditions. These tasks are based on the use of NOx sensors ZrO2 pumping cell-based, which has the disadvantage of high cross-sensitivity to ammonia that can affect the measurement of NOx and compromise the SCR-ASC control strategies. The present work proposes a methodology to predict ammonia and NOx tailpipe emissions. For this purpose, a control-oriented ASC model was developed to use its ammonia slip prediction to determine the cross-sensitivity correction of the tailpipe NOx sensor. The model is based on a simplified solution of the transport equations of the species involved in the ASC reaction mechanism. The model was calibrated using steady- and quasi-steady-state tests performed in a Euro 6c engine. Finally, the performance of the proposed methodology to predict NOx and ammonia emissions was evaluated against experimental data corresponding to worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycles (WLTC) applying different urea dosing strategies.
An N-glycan on the C2 domain of JAGGED1 is important for Notch activation
Authors: Meng Yao , Sanlidag Sami , Jensen Sacha A. , Burnap Sean A. , Struwe Weston B. , Larsen Andreas H. , Feng Xinyi , Mittal Shruti , Sansom Mark S. P. , Sahlgren Cecilia , Handford Penny A.
Published: October 2022

The canonical members of the Jagged/Serrate and Delta families of transmembrane ligands have an extracellular, amino-terminal C2 domain that binds to phospholipids and is required for optimal activation of the Notch receptor. Somatic mutations that cause amino substitutions in the C2 domain in human JAGGED1 (JAG1) have been identified in tumors. We found in reporter cell assays that mutations affecting an N-glycosylation site reduced the ligand’s ability to activate Notch. This N-glycosylation site located in the C2 domain is conserved in the Jagged/Serrate family but is lacking in the Delta family. Site-specific glycan analysis of the JAG1 amino terminus demonstrated that occupancy of this site by either a complex-type or high-mannose N-glycan was required for full Notch activation in reporter cell assays. Similarly to JAG1 variants with defects in Notch binding, N-glycan removal, either by mutagenesis of the glycosylation site or by endoglycosidase treatment, reduced receptor activation. The N-glycan variants also reduced receptor activation in a Notch signaling–dependent vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation assay. Loss of the C2 N-glycan reduced JAG1 binding to liposomes to a similar extent as the loss of the entire C2 domain. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the presence of the N-glycan limits the orientation of JAG1 relative to the membrane, thus facilitating Notch binding. These data are consistent with a critical role for the N-glycan in promoting a lipid-binding conformation that is required to orient Jagged at the cell membrane for full Notch activation.
Attenuated Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Regains Its Fatal Virulence by Serial Passaging in Pigs or Porcine Alveolar Macrophages To Increase Its Adaptation to Target Cells
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Zhang Mengsi , Cui Xiaochun , Gao Xiang , Sun Weifeng , Ge Xinna , Zhang Yongning , Guo Xin , Han Jun , Zhou Lei , Yang Hanchun
Published: October 2022

Reversion to virulence of a live attenuated vaccine is a public concern; however, direct scientific evidence is limited, and the mechanism is still poorly understood. Here, we present direct evidence for the reversion to virulence of PRRS MLV after serial passaging in pigs or target cells and found a correlation between virulence reversion and increased replication fitness in primary PAMs.
Lagoon infilling by coral reef sand aprons as a proxy for carbonate sediment productivity
Authors: Vila-Concejo Ana , Hamylton Sarah M. , Webster Jody M. , Duce Stephanie J. , Fellowes Thomas E.
Published: October 2022

Sand aprons are distinctive landforms that offer important insights into sedimentary dynamics for reef platform development. Here we link temporal and spatial scales of 21 sand aprons in the southern Great Barrier Reef to understand their Holocene formation and evolution in response to relative sea-level changes, the depth of the Pleistocene base, and contemporary morphodynamics. Our results show that lagoon infilling is a function of reef size and is a self-limiting process controlled by hydrodynamics and relative sea-level changes. Lagoon infilling does not depend on the type of reef or degree of exposure to waves, but it could reflect past wave climates. Our carbonate productivity estimates based on lagoon infilling are remarkably similar to those inferred from habitat classification. Finally, we hypothesize that current carbonate productivity has slowed because of the effects of climate change.
Analysis of free vibration of hydraulic opposing cylinders controlled by a servo valve
Authors: Yuan Xiaoming , Wang Weiqi , Zhu Xuan , Zhang Lijie
Published: October 2022

The fluid transmission medium has large compressibility and low rigidity, and its physical properties are extremely sensitive to state parameters such as flow, pressure, and temperature. Therefore, compared with the mechanical transmission system, the natural frequency of the fluid transmission system is relatively low and has time-varying characteristics. After a wide frequency range change in the load frequency and long-term operation, the excitation frequency of the fluid transmission system is more likely to approach its natural frequency and causes resonance. Therefore, based on the analytical relationship between the dynamic bulk modulus and the equivalent stiffness of the oil, the dynamics model of the system of the hydraulic opposing cylinders controlled by a servo valve was established by using the lumped parameter method. Through the free vibration analysis, the natural frequencies and main vibration modes of the system were determined, and the sensitivity changes of the natural frequencies to the design parameters were revealed. The maximum error between the theoretical modal frequency and the experimental one was 3.77%, which verified the correctness of the dynamics model. This research can provide a theoretical reference for the optimization of the dynamic performance of the hydraulic transmission system.
Constraining the nuclear spin distribution using improved $$^{197}$$Au neutron resonance parameters
Authors: Koehler P. E. , Ullmann J. L. , Couture A. J. , Mosby S. M.
Published: October 2022

New neutron transmission data at resonance energies using a $$^{197}$$

197

Au sample were measured using an early version of the Device for Indirect Capture Experiments on Radionuclides (DICER), which is under development at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). These data were combined with previous neutron transmission and capture data in a simultaneous R-matrix analysis to extract improved neutron resonance parameters for this nuclide. As a result, total radiation widths, $$\varGamma _{\gamma }$$

Γ
γ

, were obtained for 33 $$J=1$$

J
=
1

and 44 $$J=2$$

J
=
2

$$^{197}$$

197

Au+n resonances. $$\varGamma _{\gamma }$$

Γ
γ

distributions for these two spins states were compared to distributions calculated according to the nuclear statistical model using published nuclear level density (NLD) and photon strength functions (PSF) measured using the Oslo technique. The calculated distributions were found to be narrower and the average values for the two spins states closer together than the data. The calculation can be brought into agreement with the data by substantial modifications to the spin distribution in $$^{198}$$

198

Au as a function of excitation energy. As far as we know, the spin distribution currently is otherwise poorly constrained. The modified spin distribution changes the shapes of the NLD and PSF extracted using the Oslo technique and so could have broad implications.
Recurrence flow measure of nonlinear dependence
Authors: Braun Tobias , Kraemer K. Hauke , Marwan Norbert
Published: October 2022

Couplings in complex real-world systems are often nonlinear and scale dependent. In many cases, it is crucial to consider a multitude of interlinked variables and the strengths of their correlations to adequately fathom the dynamics of a high-dimensional nonlinear system. We propose a recurrence-based dependence measure that quantifies the relationship between multiple time series based on the predictability of their joint evolution. The statistical analysis of recurrence plots (RPs) is a powerful framework in nonlinear time series analysis that has proven to be effective in addressing many fundamental problems, e.g., regime shift detection and identification of couplings. The recurrence flow through an RP exploits artifacts in the formation of diagonal lines, a structure in RPs that reflects periods of predictable dynamics. Using time-delayed variables of a deterministic uni-/multivariate system, lagged dependencies with potentially many time scales can be captured by the recurrence flow measure. Given an RP, no parameters are required for its computation. We showcase the scope of the method for quantifying lagged nonlinear correlations and put a focus on the delay selection problem in time-delay embedding which is often used for attractor reconstruction. The recurrence flow measure of dependence helps to identify non-uniform delays and appears as a promising foundation for a recurrence-based state space reconstruction algorithm.
CUR Transformer: A Convolutional Unbiased Regional Transformer for Image Denoising
Authors: Xu Kang , Li Weixin , Wang Xia , Hu Xiaoyan , Yan Ke , Wang Xiaojie , Dong Xuan
Published: October 2022

Image denoising is a fundamental problem in computer vision and multimedia computation. Non-local filters are effective for image denoising. But existing deep learning methods that use non-local computation structures are mostly designed for high-level tasks, and global self-attention is usually adopted. For the task of image denoising, they have high computational complexity and have a lot of redundant computation of uncorrelated pixels. To solve this problem and combine the marvelous advantages of non-local filter and deep learning, we propose a Convolutional Unbiased Regional (CUR) transformer. Based on the prior that, for each pixel, its similar pixels are usually spatially close, our insights are that (1) we partition the image into non-overlapped windows and perform regional self-attention to reduce the search range of each pixel, and (2) we encourage pixels across different windows to communicate with each other. Based on our insights, the CUR transformer is cascaded by a series of convolutional regional self-attention (CRSA) blocks with U-style short connections. In each CRSA block, we use convolutional layers to extract the query, key, and value features, namely
Q
,
K
, and
V
, of the input feature. Then, we partition the
Q
,
K
, and
V
features into local non-overlapped windows and perform regional self-attention within each window to obtain the output feature of this CRSA block. Among different CRSA blocks, we perform the unbiased window partition by changing the partition positions of the windows. Experimental results show that the CUR transformer outperforms the state-of-the-art methods significantly on four low-level vision tasks, including real and synthetic image denoising, JPEG compression artifact reduction, and low-light image enhancement.
Myosin 5b is required for proper localization of the intermicrovillar adhesion complex in the intestinal brush border
Authors: Dooley Sarah A. , Engevik Kristen A. , Digrazia Jessica , Stubler Rachel , Kaji Izumi , Krystofiak Evan , Engevik Amy C.
Published: October 2022

The intestinal epithelium absorbs nutrients and water through an elaborate apical membrane of highly organized microvilli. Microvilli organization is regulated by the intermicrovillar adhesion complexes, which create links between neighboring microvilli and control microvilli packing and density. In this study, we report a new trafficking partner of the IMAC, Myosin 5b. Loss of Myosin 5b results in a disorganized brush border and failure of IMAC proteins to reach the distal tips of microvilli.
Comparison of Proximate and Phytonutrient Compositions of Cashew Nuts and Apples from Different Geographical Areas of Burkina Faso
Authors: Dakuyo Roger , Konaté Kiessoun , Sanou Abdoudramane , Kaboré Kabakdé , Sama Hemayoro , Bazié David , Diao Mamounata , Dicko Mamoudou Hama
Published: October 2022

The cashew plant is an allogamous plant that produces two types of fruits: the nut and the cashew apple. The present study was conducted to perform a comparison of proximate and phytonutrient compositions of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) nuts and apples from different geographical areas of Burkina Faso. For this purpose, 60 samples of apples and kernels were collected from the three main cashew cultivation areas. The nutritional potential of cashew nuts and apples produced was evaluated to enhance their food processing. Protein, carbohydrates, lipids, dietary fibers, ascorbic acid, tannins, anthocyanins, chlorophyll, lycopene, and β‐carotene contents were assessed. The results revealed high contents of lipids (50.42 ± 2.3 g/100 gDW), proteins (22.32 + −1.8 g/100 gDW), and starch (12.05 ± 1.27 g/100 g DW) in almonds. Apples, on the other hand, are rich in lipids, ascorbic acid (387.45 ± 17.4 mg/100 g), soluble sugars (387.45 ± 17.4 mg/100 g,), and pigments (lycopene, anthocyanin, β‐carotene, and chlorophyll). In summary, almonds may be suitable as a source of lipids and related products. Apples can be used as natural antioxidants and produce juices. All of these data are important clues for cashew by‐product processing. These results obtained provide a scientific basis for their food and economical valorization of cashew fruits.
Resilient Performance of Self‐Centering Hybrid Rocking Columns: Theory, Experiment, and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Yan Shi , Wang Tao , Su Xing
Published: October 2022

A novel self‐centering hybrid rocking column (HRC) with a replaceable soft steel energy dissipator (RED) is proposed to solve the issue of traditional frame structures being vulnerable to damage during earthquakes and difficult rehabilitation after. The resilient performance of the proposed RED‐HRC was investigated by using theoretical, experimental, and numerical methods. The yield states of the designed RED are taken as the control points to establish theoretically the corresponding relationship f (M, θ) between the overturning moment M and the rotation angle θ of the RED‐HRC. In addition, a group of RED‐HRC specimens were tested under pseudo static loading to investigate the resilient performance by considering the main influencing factors of the cross‐sectional area of the prestressed unbonded tendons, the initial value of the prestressing force, the axial compression ratio of HRCs, and the thickness of the RED. Moreover, a finite element model (FEM) validated by the experimental data was established by using the ABAQUS platform to further study the resilience of the proposed RED‐HRCs, focusing on the energy dissipating efficiency of the RED. The design method and process for the RED‐HRC were finally developed. A typical hysteretic response with “double‐flag shape” characteristics was obtained. These results show that the proposed RED‐HRC has excellent resilient performances of good energy dissipation capacity, strong self‐centering ability, and high strength and stiffness, realizing the goal of low damage level during the earthquake and quick rehabilitation after.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment for Androgenetic Alopecia Based on Animal Experiments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liang Yanbo , Yuan Jing , Shazada Nururshopa Eskander , Jiang Jun , Wu Jianlin
Published: October 2022

Background. In the present study, we systematically evaluated the effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in rodent models (rats and mice) to provide potential evidence for the treatment of AGA by TCM. Methods. Previous research papers focusing on the treatment of AGA by TCM were retrieved from various electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Vip, Wanfang data, and CBM) up to October 30, 2021. Screening of the literature was performed independently, and data were extracted and assessed. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results. When compared with the model groups, a group of C57BL/6 mice treated with TCM showed an increase in the total number of hair follicles (mean difference [MD] = 11.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] [5.94,18.03],

P
=
0.0001

), as well as a decrease in serum testosterone (T) level (MD = −1.10, 95% CI [−1.43, −0.78],

P
<
0.00001

), skin discoloration time (MD = −2.93, 95% CI [−4.03, −1.84],

P
<
0.00001

), and skin hair growth time (MD = −3.16, 95% CI [−4.16, −2.16],

P
<
0.00001

). Terminal hair/vellus hair also increased in TCM-treated AGA animals (MD = 3.02, 95% CI [2.05, 3.98],

P
<
0.00001

). No significant difference was found in serum estradiol (E2) level, skin tissue E2 level, or skin tissue T level between the TCM-treated group and the model group. Conclusion. TCM can increase the total number of hair follicles and terminal hair/vellus hair ratio, and reduce skin discoloration time and skin hair growth time in AGA animal models. These effects may be related to the reduction of the serum T level in AGA animals. These conclusions need to be verified by high-quality studies as the current analysis may be affected by the number and quality of the studies identified.
Construction of Leisure Physical Education Teaching Model Based on Multisensor Fusion
Authors: Zhang Qunxi
Published: October 2022

Physical education is an important part of course teaching. Doing well in the teaching of this course can not only improve students’ quality, but also promote students’ healthy and all-round development. With the rapid development of China’s economy, leisure sports, as an important way of leisure life, are increasingly favored by people. However, the related leisure sports service talents and industrial management talents are in short supply, which has restricted the development of the leisure sports industry in breadth and depth. The demand in the leisure sports market for advanced applied talents has put forward the call of the times for the direction of running sports colleges and universities, which is also the significance of the study. To sum up, this paper builds a leisure physical education teaching model based on multisensor fusion. Firstly, it summarizes leisure sports and multisensor fusion technology and then introduces how to add multisensor technology to physical education teaching. Finally, some experiments are carried out using the data set published by the University of California. In the model training, the super parameters of the convolutional neural network with two to eight layers are tested. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the model; it achieves an accuracy of 86% when the number of convolutional layers is 6. The connotation of sports leisure and entertainment and the content of talent training mode is clarified, which lays a theoretical foundation for the following research. Among them, the construction of a curriculum system is the core part of talent training measures, and it is also an important part of the construction of leisure sports specialty.
Interpersonal Relationship, Knowledge Characteristic, and Knowledge Sharing Behavior of Online Community Members: A TAM Perspective
Authors: Jiarui Wu , Xiaoli Zhang , Jiafu Su
Published: October 2022

With the rapid development of information science and technology, online communities are attracting an increasing number of participants, who can share information, create original content, and offer emotional support, thus communicating and spreading knowledge frequently within the community. To develop a model of influencing factors for the knowledge sharing behavior of online community members, this study employs the technology acceptance model (TAM) as a moderator variable based on the social exchange theory. In this study, the influencing factors model for knowledge sharing behavior of online community members was tested using PLS-SEM. The results show that knowledge sharing is motivated by trust and quality of knowledge; the interaction term of perceived usefulness and knowledge quality of the user has a significant negative correlation with the knowledge sharing behavior of online community users; perceived usefulness significantly positively moderates the correlation between knowledge tacitness and knowledge sharing behavior of users; perceived ease of use significantly positively moderates the relationship between knowledge quality and knowledge sharing behavior; perceived ease of use significantly negatively moderates the relationship between knowledge tacit and knowledge sharing behavior. In order to maximize the activity and stickiness of the online community platform, the platform must focus on maintaining and enhancing the platform’s credibility and knowledge quality. On the other hand, the online community platform extols its professional utility and ease of operation, which are conducive to the generation of behavior that is conducive to knowledge sharing.
Ferulic Acid Mitigates Growth and Invasion of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Inducing Ferroptotic Cell Death
Authors: Cao Yu , Zhang Hong , Tang Jianming , Wang Rui
Published: October 2022

Objective. Ferroptosis is an iron- and ROS-dependent form of cell death initiated by lipid peroxidation. The rapidly developing study of ferroptosis has facilitated its application in cancer therapeutics. The current study is aimed at investigating the functional property of ferulic acid (FA, a phenolic acid substance) on inducing ferroptosis in antiesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods. ESCC cells were administrated with gradient doses of FA or with ferroptosis inhibitor deferoxamine. Cellular growth was measured with CCK-8 and colony formation experiments. LDH, caspase-3, MDA, SOD, GSH, and iron were assayed with corresponding kits. Apoptotic level was evaluated through Annexin V-FITC apoptosis staining, with migration and invasion utilizing Transwell assays. Through quantitative RT-PCR, angiogenesis-relevant genes VEGFA and PDGFB were detected. ROS generation was measured via DCFH-DA probe. Immunoblotting was conducted for monitoring ACSL4, SLC7A11, HO-1, and GPX4. Results. FA administration observably mitigated cellular viability and colony formation capacity and motivated LDH release, caspase-3 activity, and apoptosis in EC-1 and TE-4 cells. In addition, migration and invasion together with angiogenesis of ESCC cells were restraint by FA. FA exposure led to the increase of MDA content, ROS production, and iron load as well as the reduction of SOD activity and GSH content. Also, FA augmented the activities of ACSL4 and HO-1, with lessening SLC7A11 and GPX4. Nonetheless, deferoxamine restrained the effect of FA on ESCC ferroptosis. Conclusion. Altogether, FA may act as a ferroptosis inducer and thus attenuates cell growth and invasion of ESCC, which boosts the clinical application of FA in ESCC therapeutics.
Effect of Aging on the Adsorption of Tetracycline by Humic Acid: Insight into the Morphology and Chemical Composition
Authors: Zheng Chunli , He Fei , Cao Zhiwu , Cheng Xingxing , Wang Zhenxing
Published: October 2022

Tetracycline (TC) is a commonly used antibiotic and enters the soil environment continuously. As humic acid (HA) is one of the most important components in soils, it is necessary to investigate the adsorption behavior of TC by HA under different conditions. In this paper, the factor of “aging” was considered. The methodology of coating CaCO3 precipitation on the surface of HA was adopted to simulate the aging process. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm demonstrated that the uptake of TC over HA was quicker with more amount than aged HA, meaning that aging affected the mass transfer of TC from the bulk solution to the outer surface of HA as well as from HA outer surface to its interior pores. To explain the effect of aging, BET was utilized to characterize the morphology of HA and aged HA. It was found that aging resulted in a decrease in specific surface area and pore size. XPS, FTIR, and 2D-COS revealed how aging influenced the chemical composition of HA. Five kinds of functional groups carried by HA contributed to the adsorption of TC, in which the binding affinity towards TC followed the order of [Formula: see text]. These results indicated that -COO was the most sensitive adsorption site. Compared to HA, the content of -COO for aged HA decreased obviously. In summary, aging affected the morphology and chemical position of HA and consequently lead to the change in adsorption kinetics and isotherm of TC.
Effects of Thermo-Conductivity on Hydromagnetic Nanofluid Convective Flow through an Artificial Kidney past a Porous Stretching Cylinder
Authors: Venance Christopher , Kinyanjui Mathew N. , Giterere Kang’ethe
Published: October 2022

The study of the effects of thermo-conductivity on hydromagnetic nanofluid convective flow through hollow fibers in an artificial kidney past a porous stretching cylinder has been considered. The flow is unsteady and magnetic field is perpendicular applied to the porous stretching cylinder in the artificial kidney. Metallic nanoparticles have been used to improve the heat conduction of the base fluids. The equations governing the hydromagnetic nanofluid convective flow past porous stretching cylinder in an artificial kidney are highly coupled and nonlinear; the equations are solved by finite difference method, a class of numerical techniques for solving differential equations by approximating derivatives with finite differences that applies Crank–Nicolson techniques, and the results obtained are presented graphically followed by discussion of the findings. The effects of each nondimensional parameter on flow variables such as velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles have been discussed. The nanoparticles dissolved in the base fluid improve thermo-conductivity of nanofluid; however, the axial velocity, radial velocity, and temperature as well as concentration of solutes increase as dialysis session of hemodialysis during the filtration of patient’s blood in an artificial kidney decreases from a minimum of six hours to two hours in a day.
Online Multiplayer Tracking by Extracting Temporal Contexts with Transformer
Authors: Han Xiao , Wang Yongbin , Liu Shouxun , Jin Cong
Published: October 2022

Sports competition is one of the most popular programs for many audiences. Tracking the players in sports game videos from broadcasts is a nontrivial challenge for computer vision researchers. In sports videos, the direction of an athlete’s movement changes quickly and unpredictably. Mutual occlusion between athletes is also more frequent in team competitions. However, the rich temporal contexts among the adjacent frames have been excluded from consideration. To address this dilemma, we propose an online transformer-based learnable framework in an end-to-end fashion. We use a transformer architecture to extract the temporal contexts between the successive frames and add them to the network training, which is robust to occlusion and complex direction changes in multiplayer tracking. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on three sports video datasets by comparing them with recently advanced multiplayer trackers.
Evolution and Evaluation: Sarcasm Analysis for Twitter Data Using Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Bhakuni Monika , Kumar Karan , Sonia  , Iwendi Celestine , Singh Avtar
Published: October 2022

This paper addresses the evolution and evaluation of sarcasm in textual form. The growing popularity of social networking sites is well known, and every individual generates a whole new set of opinions in form of blogs, microposts, etc. Sentiment analysis is one of the fastest evolving aspects of artificial intelligence categorizing opinions under positive, negative, or neutral sentiments. One such part of sentiment analysis is sarcasm. Sarcasm is becoming a common phenomenon in networking sites where expressing murky feelings wrapped by positive words for conveying contempt is highly used, making it difficult to understand the actual meaning of a statement. When reading customer reviews or complaints, it might be helpful to understand the consumers’ genuine intentions in order to enhance the efficiency of customer support or after-sales services. In this paper, different classifiers—decision tree, Naïve Bayes, k-nearest, and support vector machine are used to predict a statement under the category sarcastic or nonsarcastic using tweeter data; the following proposed methodology is used for the experimental evaluation concluding that the given classifiers SVM gains the highest accuracy of 93%, whereas Naïve Bayes and decision tree are performing well with an accuracy of 83% and 86%, respectively, along with the lowest of 51% attained by KNN.
Severe, Treatment-Refractory Periodontitis and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Multidisciplinary Case Report
Authors: Mario Figliuzzi Michele , Luca Parentela , Domenico Aiello , Simone Altilia
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Vitamin D deficiency and periodontitis are common diseases among people. These conditions interact with each other and worsen the patient’s health. Modern dentistry aims to rehabilitate oral health and bring it back to the original state or even improve aesthetics. Without analysing the general health conditions of patients and without a multidisciplinary approach, it is sometimes not possible to solve a case such as we describe. This study shows how a vitamin D deficit can influence the choice of dental treatment. The patient, a 40-year-old woman, in generally good health, came to our observation complaining about pain during mastication, and profuse bleeding during home hygiene maneuvers. She wished to solve this situation. Materials and Methods. Since the patient did not respond well to the initial periodontal therapy, we carried out some accurate research concerning the patient’s previous clinical history, and as we suspected that a vitamin D deficit might be involved, a chemical test for vitamin D was carried out and the results confirmed our suspicions. The team programmed the following therapeutical plan: Phase 1—rehabilitation of normal values of vitamin D with the support of an endocrinologist; Phase 2—full mouth disinfection; Phase 3—periodontal surgical restorative therapy; and Phase 4—orthodontic therapy and fixed prosthetics rehabilitation. Results. The results for this clinical case were extremely satisfying; we were able to bring the periodontal illness under control; resolve the orthodontic problems; and rehabilitate the patient both functionally and aesthetically. Conclusion. Thanks to the collaboration and communication between specialists from different sectors of medicine and dentistry, the clinical case was solved with absolutely satisfactory results.
Lifespan Estimates of Solutions for a Coupled System of Wave Equations with Damping terms and Negative Mass terms∗
Authors: Yang Jie , Ming Sen , Han Wei , Du Jiayi
Published: October 2022

The main purpose of this paper is to study the formation of singularity for a coupled system of wave equations with damping terms, negative mass terms, and divergence form nonlinearities. Upper bound lifespan estimates of solutions to the system are obtained by using the iteration method. The results are the same as the corresponding coupled system of the wave equation with power nonlinearities |v|pand |u|q. To the best of our knowledge, the results in Theorems 1–5 are new. In addition, the variation trend of the wave is analyzed by using numerical simulation.
Redesigning and Implementing the Public Game Information and Rating System in South Korea
Authors: Kang HoSeong , Kim JungYoon
Published: October 2022

Rating reviews in the game industry aim to enhance the protection of young users, promote game ethics, and prevent negative use of it as a gambling but recent studies and public opinions have reported that the current rating system in South Korea is excessively regulative. To address this issue, this study was conducted to redesign the public game rating system on the Game Ratings and Administration Committee (GRAC) for the public data usage based on the comparison with other better structured media rating systems. The redesigned system utilized a parsing technique to easily access specific data or items, and a Jsoup library was utilized in the Java environment. The system consists of a URL collection module, connection module, detailed collection module, and storage module. If a user requests information from a game rating database through the proposed system, the requested information is arranged sequentially and provided to the user in XML and JSON forms. The designed and implemented collection data were comparatively inclusive and structural to satisfy the public for the better and easier public data usage. This study is expected to help build an environment where game users can obtain information both easily and correctly, and it will eventually lead to a better understanding of the current game industry in South Korea and its clear way to go.