bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREDICTION OF UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATION PERFORMANCE OF TURKISH LIGNITE RESERVES USING STOICHIOMETRIC EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
Authors: CANBAZ Engin , GÜR Mesut
Published: October 2020

Underground coal gasification (UCG) is a coal conversion process that enables the utilization of coal reserves in-situ, and it is an alternative technique to conventional mining methods. Previous experimental studies showed that UCG is a suitable method for the usage of low-rank coal or lignite reserves, which have the major part in the Turkish coal reserves. In this study, a thermochemical equilibrium model of UCG process is developed to predict syngas composition and to compare UCG-performance of the selected lignite reserves in Turkey. The lignite sites are chosen according to the described UCG site selection criteria. The equilibrium model consists of gasification reactions and water-gas shift reaction and it considers the effect of the drying process. The model is validated using the results of the lab-scale experimental UCG study. The predictions are made for both oxygen and steam-gasification processes. Results show that the lignite reserves which have high moisture content but low carbon content are suitable for hydrogen-rich syngas production and hydrogen production capabilities of all reserves can be enhanced significantly by the additional steam supply as the gasification agent.
THERMOECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF T56 TURBOPROP ENGINE UNDER DIFFERENT LOAD CONDITIONS
Authors: OZEN Dilek , UYSAL Cuneyt , BALLI Ozgur
Published: October 2020

In this study, T56 turboprop engine was theoretically modelled for 75% load, 100% load, military (MIL) mode, and Take-off mode conditions. For each load conditions, thermoeconomic analyses of T56 turboprop engine were performed to allocate the unit costs of shaft work and thrust and to determine exergy destruction cost rates for system equipment. In thermoeconomic analyses, Specific Exergy Costing (SPECO) and Modified Productive Structure Analysis (MOPSA) methods were used. MOPSA method gave higher unit cost values for shaft work and thrust compared to SPECO method. As a result, for Take-off mode, the unit cost of shaft work transferred to propeller was determined to be 78.87 $/GJ in SPECO method, while this value was calculated to be 84.68 $/GJ with MOPSA method. The unit cost of negentropy of T56 turboprop engine decreased with increasing in engine load and ranged from 14.98 $/GJ to 11.08 $/GJ. The exergy destruction cost rates obtained with MOPSA method for the system equipment were considerably lower than the results obtained with SPECO method. For instance, in Take-off mode, exergy destruction cost rate of combustion chamber was calculated to be 865.10 $/h in SPECO method, whereas it was calculated to be 247.94 $/h in MOPSA method. The exergoeconomic factor of overall system was determined to be 23.07% in SPECO method, and 54.16% in MOPSA method for Take-off mode
UZUN BİR KARAYOLU TÜNELİNDE ACİL DURUM SİMÜLASYONU
Authors: DİNLER Nureddin , KAÇAN Özkan
Published: October 2020

Karayolu taşımacılığında coğrafi olarak aşılması güç olan bölgelerde tüneller hem kat edilecek yolu kısaltmakta hem de yakıt tasarrufu sağlamaktadır. Bir taşıtın tünel içerisinde yanması oluşabilecek en kötü senaryodur. Dünyada insanların hayatlarını kaybetmesi ile sonuçlanan büyük tünel yangınları olmuştur. Ülkemizde de Ovit, Kop ve Zigana tüneli gibi uzun karayolu tünelleri inşa edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, uzun bir karayolu tüneli (14500 m) içerisindeki taşıt yangını (30 MW) için acil durum modellemesi yapılmıştır. Acil durum için kritik nokta belirlenerek, 1000 m uzunluğunda bölge 1/100 ölçeğinde incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Ansys Fluent kullanılmıştır. Türbülanslı akış şartları dikkate alınmıştır. Yangının olduğu bölgedeki sıcaklık dağılımı, karbonmonoksit (CO) emisyon dağılımı ve hız dağılımları incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar grafikler halinde verilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Sıcaklık değerleri incelendiğinde yangın bölgesinde ortalama sıcaklık değerlerinin ilk 30 m’de ortalama 400 K’in üzerinde belirlenmiştir CO emisyon değerlerinin ise atış şaftına kadar 400 ppm seviyelerinin altına düşmediği, özellikle ilk 50 m’de ortalama 1000 ppm’in üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir.
ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND PHONON CONTRIBUTION TO THE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY IN THE BI-IN SYSTEM
Authors: ATA Pınar , BAYRAM Ümit , ÖZTÜRK Esra , AKSÖZ Sezen , MARAŞLI Necmettin
Published: October 2020

In this study, the contribution of phonon to the thermal conductivity in the In-Bi (Indium-Bismuth) system due to its composition variation was determined from their electrical and thermal conductivity measurements. Because of the common usage of In-Bi system in many technological applications, thermal and electrical conductivity variations with temperature for different compositions of Bi component were measured. Four-Point Probe (FPP) and Linear Heat-Flow (LHF) methods were used for electrical and thermal conductivity measurements respectively. Intermetallic systems' electrical conductivity values were determined between 0.8524 (1/Ω m) ×106 and 2.8381(1/Ω m) ×106 and thermal conductivity values were found between 14.50 (W/Km) and 35.93 (W/Km) at the melting temperature. Electron and phonon contributions to the thermal conductivity were calculated by using Wiedemann-Franz Law (WFL) from the measured values. The temperature coefficients values () of electrical and thermal conductivity were calculated between 0.46-2.54 (K-1) x10-3 and 1.29-4.34 (K-1) x10-3 respectively. In order to observe microstructure of the Bi-In intermetallic alloy Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and to determine the composition of the phases in the structures, Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) were used. Also melting temperatures (349.03 K-387.24 K), enthalpy of fusion (17.97 J/g- 42.37 J/g) and specific heat change (0.159 J/gK-0.372 J/gK) of Bi-In alloy systems were measured by using Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC).
Utilization of Diagnostic Facilities In Non-government Medical College Hospital: A Study on HFRCMCH
Authors: Anwar K S , Uddin AKM S
Published: October 2020

A retrospective study was done to evaluate the availability of medical investigation facilities in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital (HFRCMCH) for a period of 6 months. The study was designed to find out the gaps in the study Institute which is a tertiary level hospital in Dhaka city. Data was collected from medical records by check list and interview schedule. Out of 49687 patients. 85.28% received services from out patient department and 14.72% from in patient department. Among them. 26151 cases were referred for investigation from out patient and inpatient departments. Out of those 24.36% were blood for routine examination. 17.72% urine for routine examination and 10.77% blood urea and 24.46% blood sugar. 3.82% stool for routine examination and 18.87% for radiological investigation of chest. hi the inpatient department, routine examination of blood was highest (25.38%). next was blood sugar (23.01%). Some specific investigation namely S. Creatinin, S. Electrolytes, Liver function tests, VDRL, widal test, Blood grouping. Culture & sensitivity test were done. Out of specific tests. Blood grouping was highest followed by serum electrolytes. Majority of doctors (86.67) expressed satisfaction in regard to availability of Reagent and Films. Most doctors (93.33) expressed satisfactions in regard to result of laboratory tests and imaging. Regarding the skill of laboratory technician, 43.33% doctors opined good and 56.67% opined as moderate. The results of the study might help the administrator and planner to take steps for further improvement and appropriate utilization of laboratory facilities. However, there is an urgent need for improvement and horizon of investigation facilities should be expanded.
Calcium - Phosphate Index: Considerable Indicator in Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Mili N Y , Hoque Md. E , Akhter S , Lovely N S
Published: October 2020

Since the early 1970s. calcium phosphate (Ca-P) index has been regarded as a risk factor for extra skeletal calcification. tumoral calcinosis and increased cardiovascular event and death. The general consensus was not to exceed 70 ing2h1Lt (5.6 unno1/1,2) in chronic kidney disease. The present study was done to find out the Ca - P index in different stages of (CKB) patients to assess the risks of the patients which can be understood and be negotiated. In this study 100 of previously diagnosed chronic kidney disease patients of different stages as CKD stage Ill. IV and stage V were included. Subjects were divided into three groups according to staging of chronic kidney disease : group A (stage 111) were 34 patients, group 8 (Stage IV) were 36 and group C (Stage V) were 30 patients. Mean serum inorganic phosphate level was in group A .5.41 + 2.49. group 8 8.17 + 3.63 and in group C 10.50 + 3.06. Mean serum Calcium level in three groups were in group-A 8.36± 0.74. group- B 8.10± 0.75 and in group- C was 7.43± 1.27 ). Ca - P index was calculated by multiplying the serum calcium and phosphate level. Mean Ca-P index was in group-A 49.39+ 22.95. group B-67.93+ 31.2 and in group-C 90.76+ 24.82. Statistical analysis was done betWeen these groups and it was signifimuly higher in group B than group A ( p< 0.06. group A is group 8). in group C than group A ( p< 0.00. group A vs group C) and in ,group C than group ft ( p< .002. group B vs group C). It was found that as the renal function deteriorates gradually the Ca P index increases and it is highly significantly higher in CKD — V patient than other stages.
Clinico-demographic Characteristics of Patients with Cirrhosis of Liver : Experienced at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kabir AKM S , Alam Md. F , Ghosh C K , Ahmed S N , Sikder S
Published: October 2020

Cirrhosis of liver is one of the commonest hepatobiliary problems in Bangladesh as well as in global perspective. The purpose of the present study was to find out the clinico-demographic characteristics of liver cirrhosis patients admitted at a tertiary care hospital. Patients who are clinically suspected to have cirrhosis of liver, admitted in medicine units of Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital, Dhaka have been analyzed regarding clinical presentation and complications profile. Total 100 patients were included of which 84% were cirrhosis of liver, 7% were chronic active hepatitis, 3% were chronic persistent hepatitis, 2% were Wilson's disease with cirrhosis and 4% were hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on the top of cirrhosis of liver. The peak age incidence was between 31-50 years with male-female ratio of 4.88:1. History of jaundice (42%), parenteral medications (14%), infusion (6%) and abdominal surgery (4.0%) were important findings from patient's past history. History of alcohol intake was found in only 4% cases. Overall, weakness (78%), anorexia (72%), abdominal swelling (74%), weight loss (64%), ankle swelling (42%), low grade fever (35%) and yellowish discolouration of eyes, skin and urine (37%) were the most common symptoms. Common signs, revealed by clinical examination as a whole, were anaemia (55%), ascites (68%), oedema (52%), jaundice (34%), palpable spleen (55%) and hepatic facies (37%). Cirrhosis of liver most commonly occurs in middle aged male patients. Weakness, weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort/dyspepsia and swelling of the abdomen are the most prevalent symptoms.
Análisis descriptivo de la industria de muebles de madera de Delicias, Chihuahua
Authors: Magaña Magaña José Eduardo , Talamantes Gonzáles Thalia Fernanda , Villareal Ramírez Víctor Hugo , Kiessling Davison Christian Mauricio , Palacios Monarrez Abdoón
Published: October 2020

La industria de fabricantes de muebles de madera contribuye de manera importante a la generación de empleos de la región de Delicias, Chihuahua. La muestra con la que se logró la presente investigación fueron empresas representativas de la industria como lo demuestra el hecho de que el promedio de antigüedad en el mercado fue de 30 años. Se determinó las capacidades y necesidades productivas. Se aplicó un cuestionario de 35 preguntas con 95 variables, aplicados a 25 empresas. De los cuales el 40% son microempresas y el 53% son pequeñas empresas. El total de profesionistas en la muestra fue de 8.24% del número total de trabajadores que laboran principalmente en el área administrativa.  El 93% de las empresas no cuentan con un plan estratégico lo que representó una gran debilidad. Entre las principales fortalezas fueron que el 53% cuenta con una antigüedad en el mercado de 31 a 40 años, lo que significó que tienen experiencia en la industria y cuentan con capacidad emprendedora y potencial para transformar de manera competitiva en diseño y calidad sus productos. Lo anterior manifestó que se tiene que trabajar más en capacitación en las áreas de producción, calidad y manejo de desechos, en planeación estratégica, en la norma ISO 035, en uso de suelo e integración a las diferentes asociaciones empresariales.
Análisis descriptivo de las MYPyMES agroindustriales de la región de Delicias, Chihuahua
Authors: Magaña Magaña José Eduardo , Chacón Márquez Aracely , Villareal Ramírez Víctor Hugo , Hermosillo José Javier , Ortega Montes Fabiola Iveth
Published: October 2020

Esta investigación se realizó en el municipio de Delicias, Chihuahua en el año 2019. Se determinó analizar las capacidades productivas, emprendedoras y comerciales de las MIPyMES agroindustriales de producción y comercialización. Se utilizó la técnica de encuesta con un cuestionario de 33 preguntas con 188 variables, aplicados a 35 empresas. Los principales resultados que arrojo este estudio fueron que 36% son microempresas, 44% pequeñas empresas, 16% de medianas empresas y una gran empresa que representa el 4%. Con base a la distribución de la planta, existe una participación mayor del 65.71% de trabajadores en el departamento de producción. El 52% de las empresas no tienen una planeación estratégica como tal y tienen objetivos y metas de producción y ventas de acuerdo a sus compromisos y no como un documento de guía estratégica que implica la producción. En tanto el 12% que pertenecen a las microempresas, manifestaron que no tiene nada de planeación estratégica. Entre las principales fortalezas se encontró que las empresas son dirigidas por personas con capacidad emprendedora y potencial para transformar de mejor forma, estrategias que les permita alcanzar un futuro deseable para la organización. Esto, hace que utilice sus recursos de la mejor forma para alcanzar sus objetivos, tales como recurso humano, equipo e infraestructura, ventas y canales de distribución. Sin embargo, se tiene que trabajar más en sus debilidades tales como capacitación, planeación estratégica e integración a las diferentes cámaras y organizaciones.
THE RADIOLOGICAL PATTERN OF CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA IN THE UNDER-5-AGE GROUP IN NORTH-WESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: SA Saidu , SM Maaji , DA Nzeh , NM Jiya
Published: October 2020

Objectives: To describe the radiological pattern of pneumonia in children under - five years of age examined at the Radiology Department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, (UDUTH) Sokoto. Materials and Methods: One hundred and ninety seven (197) children, under five years of age had chest radiographic examination over a 20 months period (February 2004 to September 2005) at the Department of Radiology UDUTH. Requests for chest radiographs were made by medical practitioners mostly paediatricians based on their clinical suspicion of pneumonia. The data were analysed using SPSS 16.0 software. Results: The largest number of patients presented in their infancy: 87 out of 197 (44.2%) followed by those in their second year: 70 out of 197 (35.5%). The peak period of presentation was in the cold and windy harmattan months of January and February 2005 made up of 42 patients (21.3%). The commonest radiological feature consisted of mottled opacities in the lung fields due to patchy consolidation of bronchopneumonia seen in 62 out of 197 patients (31.5%). Fifty three patients (26.9%) showed punctate opacities in the perihilar regions. Uniform consolidation of lobar pneumonia was observed in 9 patients (4.6%) with one of them showing associated soft tissue wasting. Conclusion: Pneumonia remains a common cause of morbidity in childhood. Radiological examinations are useful in defining the nature and extent of the disease as well as follow up. Seasonal variations exist in its incidence and so public health preventive measures should be intensified at such peak periods to check the spread of the disease.
HYDATIDIFORM MOLE IN A VIRGIN: A CASE REPORT
Authors: CE Shehu , AA Panti , AE Ukwu , AU Adoke
Published: October 2020

Virginity, for females, is defined by an intact hymen. Pregnancy in the presence of an intact hymen is a rare occurrence. We report a case of hydatidiform mole in a 26 year old single lady with intact hymen. She presented with three months history of amenorrhea, lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding with passage of vesicles. The patient denied any history of penetrative sexual intercourse but volunteered a history of two episodes of intense romance with her boyfriend with resultant ejaculation of semen on her thighs. A pelvic mass of about 22 weeks size, without discernible fetal parts was palpable on abdominal examination while pelvic examination revealed a normal vulva and vagina smeared with altered blood, with an intact hymenal ring. She had suction evacuation and histology confirmed complete hydatidiform mole. The hymen was torn during the procedure and she is on follow up. The intention of this report is to alert clinicians that an abnormal, premalignant tumour can be a complication of pregnancy in a virgin. Intact hymen, pregnancy, hydatidiform mole Keywords
AN AUDIT OF BREAST BIOPSIES IN BABCOCK UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL ILISHAN REMO, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA, BETWEEN JANUARY 2013 TO AUGUST 2015
Authors: Kolawole Olanrewaju Aramide , Samson Oluwayomi Oyedeji
Published: October 2020

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most important tumors affecting women in Nigeria and all over the world, with high morbidity and mortality if detection is delayed or if wrong diagnosis is made. Objectives: This study was carried out to review the histology of all breast biopsies sent to Histopathology Laboratory in Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan, Nigeria. Method: All breast biopsies received from January 2013 to August 2015 were analyzed. Demographic data such as age, sex, and anatomical site of the biopsy were obtained through histology request card and biopsy registers. Result:Atotal of 55 breast samples were received during the period under review, 45 samples (81.8%) were benign lesions, 9 samples (16.4%) malignant lesions and 1 sample (1.8%) was an inflammatory lesion. The age group with the highest occurrence of breast pathology is 10-19 years, which are mostly benign lesions, with 30-39 years age group having the highest occurrence of malignant lesions. Conclusion: The study indicated that most breast lesions occurring in the first three decades of life are benign, while those in the elderly are mostly malignant. We recommend strong awareness campaign to encourage early detection and appropriate management of these lesions.
Dynamic Channel Allocation Considering Random User Distribution and Mobility
Authors: Vora Rushabh , Tamboli Sagar , Shah Priyanshu , Kulkarni Sukanya
Published: October 2020

Recently, heavy traffic in the spectrum with interference being the most prohibiting factor has given rise to the need for efficient channel assignment techniques to increase the overall system capacity. In this paper using MATLAB we provide a comparison between fixed channel allocation (FCA) and dynamic channel allocation (DCA) which attempts to allocate channels to users in such a way so that the average blocking probability and forced termination in the entire system is minimized. Further in contrast to traditional DCA schemes we have considered random user mobility and traffic variations to study forced termination probability.
Frictional Power Minimization in Partially Textured Piston Ring Assembly
Authors: Ashwin Aaron M. , Shashidar Akash
Published: October 2020

A significant share i.e. 60% of the total power loss in a modern automotive engine in form of heat, either from the engine surface or the exhaust pipe, of which the friction losses may vary from 18% to 20% and frictional losses are also responsible for about 25% of the fuel consumption. It is noted that almost 80% of the frictional losses are due to the frictional losses in the piston ring assembly (PRA). That leaves less than one quarter of the indicated power in terms of brake power. This paper analyses different methods developed by the automobile industries in order to reduce the friction power losses it may be in form of the development of better lubricants, design and partial laser surface texturing (LST) of the piston rings.
Automatic Cradle Movement For Infant Care
Authors: Ebenezer Anritha , Anupreethi S.
Published: October 2020

Our project is a novel approach in designing an automatic cradle swinging system for assisting infant care. This equipment can be mainly used in the hospitals to provide an aid to the nurse in taking care of the infant or at home to monitor the baby while the parent is at work and the baby is under the care of baby sitters. It has a cry analyzing system which detects the babies cry pitch and accordingly the cradle rocks. At the maximum it could have six rocks per minute. If the baby doesn’t stop crying within a particular instant of time a call or a message will be delivered to the nurse or to the parent’s mobile number via GSM , thus intimating them that the baby has to be taken care of. In addition to this it has a wet sensor, temperature sensor and a respiration sensor. If the baby wets an alarm or a display will be intimating in the case of wet sensor and for temperature sensor, if the baby’s temperature rises above the normal body temperature then an alarm and a display message would intimate that the baby has to be taken care of. We use respiration sensor here to detect the apnea condition and to wake up the baby by giving a vibration.
Embedded Controller in Farmers Pump by Solar Energy
Authors: Ganesh K. , Girisha S. , Kannan G. Amirtha
Published: October 2020

The primary aim of this project is to develop and atomize the solar farmers pump (water pump) considering the power supply, direct current (DC), Alternating current (AC), inverter frequency, a well, water level in the well, submersible monoblock pump. Here we introduce an advanced technique with GSM module. The solar pumps which work by utilizing the energy from the SOLAR ARRAYS and the power from the PV are stored in a battery. The power from the battery is inverted and given to the pump for irrigation. This pump is also controlled by the GSM module. The use of GSM mode is to start and stop working of pumps using mobile phone; the water level monitoring is also done by the GSM mode which this also provides the message for each hour. This is done with the embedded C in PIC16F877A microcontroller. The main advantage of this project is optimizing the power and also saving government’s free subsidiary electricity (22% of total power production in India). This proves an efficient and economy way of irrigation and this will automate the agriculture sector.
Priority Based Mathematical Modeling for Grid Computing Environment
Authors: Datta Abhinandan , Banerjee Imon
Published: October 2020

Grids are a form of distributed computing whereby a “super virtual computer” is composed of many networked loosely coupled computers acting together to perform very large tasks. This technology has been applied to computationally intensive scientific, mathematical, and academic problems through volunteer computing, and it is used in commercial enterprises for such diverse applications as drug discovery, economic forecasting, seismic analysis, and back office data processing in support for ecommerce and Web services. One of the main motivations of grid computing is resource sharing. Our main goal of this paper is to propose a new model that can assign priority of each user level job. We basically focused on mathematical modeling and pseudo coding of this system. Further we would like to simulate this environment using GridSim and compare this system with the existing one.
Factors Influencing Healthcare Professionals’ Perception towards EHR/EMR Systems in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alanazi Bander , Butler-Henderson Kerryn , Alanazi Mohammed R.
Published: October 2020

Electronic health and medical records are widely adopted in many healthcare settings worldwide to improve the quality of care. Users’ perception is a significant factor influencing the successful implementation and use of e-health technologies. This systematic review aimed to identify factors influencing the perceptions of healthcare professionals towards the adoption and use of electronic health and medical record systems to improve the quality of healthcare services in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council. We identified primary studies evaluating healthcare professionals’ perception towards electronic health records and/or electronic medical records in the Gulf region. Seven electronic databases, including Medline, CINAHL, Informit Health Collection, Science Direct, ProQuest, PubMed, and Scopus were used to search for the relevant articles published between January 2007 and December 2016. Thirteen articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. Both individual and system-related factors were found to positively or negatively influence healthcare providers’ perceptions towards the systems. Understanding the impact of healthcare professionals’ perception of health information technology is important for policymakers involved in the implementation programs to ensure their success. Future studies should evaluate other individual characteristics such as age, gender, and profession of the healthcare providers on their perceptions towards e-health technologies.
Temas para a sociologia da educação contemporânea em Adorno e Sartre: infância, pensamento, dialética
Authors: Pinto Fábio Machado , Bassani Jaison José , Richter Ana Cristina
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho, de natureza teórica, analisa fragmentos dos escritos de Theodor W. Adorno (1903-1969) e Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) e destaca reflexões para a pesquisa sociológica no campo da Educação, considerando a inflexão que ambos propõem em “direção ao sujeito”. De modo mais específico, realizamos uma leitura de como cada autor refletiu sobre sua própria infância e educação, buscando articular a reflexão autobiográfica que cada um realiza, de diferentes formas, ao núcleo duro de suas concepções teóricas. Ao observarmos como cada autor, na condição de adulto, rememora de forma sistematizada (na filosofia ou na literatura) sua própria infância, refletindo, entre outros aspectos, sobre a condição social de suas famílias e da classe burguesa, a relação com os adultos e com os artefatos (culturais e tecnológicos) de sua época, incluindo a escolarização, podemos também perceber elementos de suas concepções teóricas sobre a subjetividade e de suas análises sobre as vicissitudes do sujeito no contemporâneo. Enquanto que, para Sartre, a infância emerge no âmbito de uma concepção restauradora da narrativa como mediadora da experiência, em um processo, sempre ainda aberto, de transformação da existência, para Adorno, a rememoração sobre sua infância se articula às temáticas da pátria (não como território, mas como humanidade) e da utopia e se coloca como possibilidade de releitura das singularidades das experiências infantis como forma de confrontação e atualização das promessas contidas no passado.
Susceptibilidade a desertificação para o estado de Pernambuco
Authors: Cerqueira Michelle Adelino , Rodrigues Flavia Mazzer , Almeida Gleymerson Vieira Lima de
Published: October 2020

A desertificação tem sido considerada um dos mais graves problemas ambientais da atualidade. Os efeitos de tal processo atingem a ordem política, econômica, social, cultural e ambiental. Para tanto, uma das formas mais úteis e aplicadas para estudos de verificação susceptibilidade a desertificação é através do cálculo do Índice de Aridez (IA), visto que é o único que utiliza variáveis quantitativas para esta análise. A aridez é a característica do clima que relaciona a insuficiência de precipitação adequada para manter uma vegetação, onde o grau de aridez de certa região depende da quantidade de água proveniente da precipitação e da perda máxima possível de água através da evaporação e transpiração, ou evapotranspiração. Portanto, este trabalho tem como objetivo obter a distribuição espacial do índice de aridez para o Estado de Pernambuco, com o auxílio de sistema de informação geográfica, visando a identificação de áreas que apresentam uma maior susceptibilidade à ocorrência da desertificação.
Intensidade ecológica do bem-estar no Brasil: uma abordagem regional
Authors: Mattos Ely José de , Toigo Camila Horst , Souza Osmar Tomaz de
Published: October 2020

A literatura moderna sobre a relação entre atividade humana e pressão ambiental tem crescido. Uma das abordagens recentes é relacionar o crescimento econômico com a intensidade ecológica do bem-estar humano (EIWB), que é medida através da razão de uma variável de pressão ambiental e uma variável de bem-estar humano. O presente artigo investiga os efeitos do crescimento econômico sobre a EIWB no Brasil e suas grandes regiões entre 2002 e 2014. Para isso, utilizou-se o modelo de regressão time-series cross-section (TSCS) Prais-Winsten. Os resultados apontam que o crescimento econômico está associado ao aumento da intensidade ecológica do bem-estar para o Brasil como um todo para o período analisado. Quando observados os resultados para as regiões, identifica-se que as regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste replicam este efeito. As regiões Sul e Sudeste não confirmam tal resultado.
Em busca da cidade moderna: a remodelação urbana de São Luís durante a Era Vargas (1936-1945)
Authors: Santos Luiz Eduardo Neves dos , Costa Maria Clélia Lustosa
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo versa sobre o processo contraditório de legitimação por um lado de um urbanismo moderno, mas de natureza estatal e autoritária, no contexto de fortalecimento dos municípios brasileiros frente à uma nova realidade urbano-industrial no Brasil dos anos 1930 e 1940. Mais especificamente se detém nas repercussões para o espaço urbano de São Luís, capital do estado do Maranhão, durante a interventoria de Paulo Ramos e da gestão modernizante dos prefeitos Saboya Ribeiro e Pedro Neiva no período varguista. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa histórica a partir de fontes primárias, como jornais e documentos oficiais da época, com o objetivo de compreender como se deu a remodelação urbana em São Luís.
Impact of the Variability in Vertical Separation between Biomass-Burning
Aerosols and Marine Stratocumulus on Cloud Microphysical Properties over the Southeast Atlantic
Authors: Gupta Siddhant , McFarquhar Greg M. , O'Brien Joseph R. , Delene David J. , Poellot Michael R. , Dobracki Amie , Podolske James R. , Redemann Jens , LeBlanc Samuel E. , Segal-Rozenhaimer Michal , Pistone Kristina
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Marine stratocumulus cloud properties over the southeast Atlantic Ocean are impacted by contact between above-cloud biomass-burning aerosols and cloud tops. Different vertical separations (0 to 2000 m) between the aerosol layer and cloud tops were observed on six research flights in September 2016 during the NASA ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES) field campaign. There were 30 contact profiles where the aerosol layer with aerosol concentration (Na) > 500 cm−3 was within 100 m of cloud tops, and 41 separated profiles where the aerosol layer with Na > 500 cm−3 was located more than 100 m above cloud tops. For contact profiles, the average cloud droplet concentration (Nc) in the cloud layer was up to 68 cm−3 higher, the effective radius (Re) up to 1.3 µm lower and the liquid water content (LWC) within 0.01 g m−3 compared to separated profiles. Free tropospheric humidity was higher in the presence of biomass-burning aerosols and contact profiles had a smaller decrease in humidity (and positive buoyancy) across cloud tops due to higher median above-cloud Na (895 cm−3) compared to separated profiles (30 cm−3). Due to droplet evaporation from entrainment mixing of warm, dry free tropospheric air into the clouds, the median Nc and LWC for contact profiles decreased with height by 21 % and 9 % in the top 20 % of the cloud layer. The impact of droplet evaporation was stronger during separated profiles as a greater decrease in humidity (and negative buoyancy) across cloud tops led to greater decreases in median Nc (30 %) and LWC (16 %) near cloud tops. Below-cloud Na was sampled during 61 profiles, and most contact profiles (20 out of 28) were within high-Na (> 350 cm−3) boundary layers while most separated profiles (22 out of 33) were within low-Na (
Development and intercity transferability of land-use regression
models for predicting ambient PM10, PM2.5, NO2 and O3 concentrations in northern Taiwan
Authors: Li Zhiyuan , Ho Kin-Fai , Yim Steve Hung Lam
Published: October 2020

Abstract. To provide long-term air pollutant exposure estimates for epidemiological studies, it is essential to test the feasibility of developing land-use regression (LUR) models using only routine air quality measurement data and to evaluate the transferability of LUR models between nearby cities. In this study, we develop and evaluate the intercity transferability of annual average LUR models for ambient respirable suspended particulates (PM10), fine suspended particulates (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) in the Taipei–Keelung metropolitan area of northern Taiwan in 2019. Ambient PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and O3 measurements at 30 fixed-site stations were used as the dependent variables, and a total of 156 potential predictor variables in six categories (i.e., population density, road network, land-use type, normalized difference vegetation index, meteorology, and elevation) were extracted using buffer spatial analysis. The LUR models were developed using the supervised forward linear regression approach. The LUR models for ambient PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and O3 achieved relatively high prediction performance, with R2 and leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) R2 values of > 0.72 and > 0.53, respectively. The intercity transferability of LUR models varied among the air pollutants, with transfer-predictive R2 values of > 0.62 for NO2 and
The making of the New European Wind Atlas – Part 1: Model sensitivity
Authors: Hahmann Andrea N. , Sīle Tija , Witha Björn , Davis Neil N. , Dörenkämper Martin , Ezber Yasemin , García-Bustamante Elena , González-Rouco J. Fidel , Navarro Jorge , Olsen Bjarke T. , Söderberg Stefan
Published: October 2020

Abstract. This is the first of two papers that document the creation of the New European Wind Atlas (NEWA). It describes the sensitivity analysis and evaluation procedures that formed the basis for choosing the final setup of the mesoscale model simulations of the wind atlas. The suitable combination of model setup and parameterizations, bound by practical constraints, was found for simulating the climatology of the wind field at turbine-relevant heights with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Initial WRF model sensitivity experiments compared the wind climate generated by using two commonly used planetary boundary layer schemes and were carried out over several regions in Europe. They confirmed that the most significant differences in annual mean wind speed at 100 m a.g.l. (above ground level) mostly coincide with areas of high surface roughness length and not with the location of the domains or maximum wind speed. Then an ensemble of more than 50 simulations with different setups for a single year was carried out for one domain covering northern Europe for which tall mast observations were available. We varied many different parameters across the simulations, e.g. model version, forcing data, various physical parameterizations, and the size of the model domain. These simulations showed that although virtually every parameter change affects the results in some way, significant changes in the wind climate in the boundary layer are mostly due to using different physical parameterizations, especially the planetary boundary layer scheme, the representation of the land surface, and the prescribed surface roughness length. Also, the setup of the simulations, such as the integration length and the domain size, can considerably influence the results. We assessed the degree of similarity between winds simulated by the WRF ensemble members and the observations using a suite of metrics, including the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD), a statistic that measures the distance between two probability distributions. The EMD was used to diagnose the performance of each ensemble member using the full wind speed and direction distribution, which is essential for wind resource assessment. We identified the most realistic ensemble members to determine the most suitable configuration to be used in the final production run, which is fully described and evaluated in the second part of this study (Dörenkämper et al., 2020).
Oceanic response to the consecutive Hurricanes Dorian and
Humberto (2019) in the Sargasso Sea
Authors: Avila-Alonso Dailé , Baetens Jan M. , Cardenas Rolando , De Baets Bernard
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Understanding the oceanic response to tropical cyclones (TCs) is of importance for studies on climate change. Although the oceanic effects induced by individual TCs have been extensively investigated, studies on the oceanic response to the passage of consecutive TCs are rare. In this work, we assess the upper oceanic response to the passage of the Hurricanes Dorian and Humberto over the western Sargasso Sea in 2019 using satellite remote sensing and modelled data. We found that the combined effects of these slow-moving TCs led to an increased oceanic response during the third and fourth post-storm weeks of Dorian (accounting for both Dorian and Humberto effects) because of the induced mixing and upwelling at this time. Overall, anomalies of sea surface temperature, ocean heat content and mean temperature from the sea surface to a depth of 100 m were a 50, 63 and 57% smaller (more negative) in the third/fourth post-storm weeks than in the first/second poststorm weeks (accounting only for Dorian effects) of Dorian, respectively, while surface chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration anomalies, the mean ch-a concentration in the euphotic zone and the chl-a concentration in the deep chlorophyll maximum were 16, 4 and 16% higher in the third/fourth post-storm weeks than in the first/second post-storm weeks, respectively. The sea surface cooling and increased biological response induced by these TCs were significantly higher (Mann-Whitney test p < 0.05) as compared to climatological records. Our climatological analysis reveals that the strongest TC-induced oceanographic variability in the western Sargasso Sea can be associated with the occurrence of consecutive TCs and long-lasting TC forcing.
Sea-ice and water dynamics and moonlight impact the acoustic backscatter diurnal signal over the eastern Beaufort Sea continental slope
Authors: Dmitrenko Igor A. , Petrusevich Vladislav , Darnis Gérald , Kirillov Sergei A. , Komarov Alexander S. , Ehn Jens K. , Forest Alexandre , Fortier Louis , Rysgaard Søren , Barber David G.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. A 2-year-long time series of currents and acoustic
backscatter from an acoustic Doppler current profiler, moored over the
eastern Beaufort Sea continental slope from October 2003 to September 2005,
were used to assess the dynamics and variability of the sound-scattering layer.
It has been shown that acoustic backscatter is dominated by a synchronized
diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton. Our results show that DVM
timings (i) were synchronous with sunlight and (ii) were modified by
moonlight and sea ice, which attenuates light transmission to the water
column. Moreover, DVM is modified or completely disrupted during highly
energetic current events. Thicker ice observed during winter–spring 2005
lowered the backscatter values but favored extending DVM toward the
midnight sun. In contrast to many previous studies, DVM occurred through the
intermediate water layer during the ice-free season of the midnight sun in
2004. In 2005, the midnight-sun DVM was likely impacted by a high acoustic
scattering generated by suspended particles. During full moon at low cloud
cover, the nighttime moonlight illuminance led to zooplankton avoidance of
the subsurface layer, disrupting DVM. Moreover, DVM was disrupted by
upwelling, downwelling, and eddy passing. We suggest that these deviations
are consistent with DVM adjusting to avoid enhanced water dynamics. For
upwelling and downwelling, zooplankton likely respond to the along-slope
water dynamics dominated by surface- and depth-intensified flow,
respectively. This drives zooplankton to adjust DVM by aggregating in the
low or upper intermediate water layer for upwelling and downwelling,
respectively. The baroclinic eddy reversed DVM below the eddy core.
The potentials of high-resolution photogrammetry for
analyzing glacier retreat in the Ötztal Alps, Austria
Authors: Geissler Joschka , Mayer Christoph , Jubanski Juilson , Münzer Ulrich , Siegert Florian
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Glaciers all over the world experience an increasing mass loss during recent decades due to change in the global climate. This leads to considerable environmental consequences in the densely populated Alps and many other mountain ranges in the world. We used high-resolution aerial photogrammetry within the AlpSenseBench project to investigate glacier retreat in great spatial and temporal detail in the Ötztaler Alps, a significant glacier area in Austria. Long-term in situ glaciological observations are available for this region, and a multitemporal time series of digital aerial images with a spatial resolution of 20 cm acquired over a period of 10 years exists. Glacier retreat of all 25 glaciers in the region, including the Vernagtferner, was analyzed by investigating glacier extent and surface elevation changes, derived from the aerial images by digital surface model (DSM) generation. Due to different acquisition dates of the large scale photogrammetric surveys and the glaciological data, a correction was established using a dedicated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) survey across the major part of the Vernagtferner. This allowed us to compare the mass balances from geodetic and glaciological techniques, which reveals the potentials of the combination of these two techniques for gaining a better insight into glacier changes and its spatial distribution. The results show a clear increase of glacier mass loss for all glaciers in the region, including the Vernagtferner over the last decade. Additionally, the influence of debris-cover on mass balance, as well as the magnitude of dynamic processes, could be quantified. The comparison of geodetic elevation differences and the interpolated glaciological data reveals that there exists a high potential in detecting local peculiarities of mass balance distribution and for correcting small scale deviations, not revealed in the interpolated glaciological information. The availability of high resolution multi-temporal digital aerial imagery for most of the glaciers in the Alps will provide a more comprehensive and detailed analysis of climate change-induced glacier retreat.
Soil infiltration characteristics and pore distribution under
freezing-thawing conditions
Authors: Jiang Ruiqi , Li Tianxiao , Liu Dong , Fu Qiang , Hou Renjie , Li Qinglin , Cui Song , Li Mo
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Frozen soil infiltration widely occurs in hydrological processes such as seasonal soil freezing and thawing, snowmelt infiltration, and runoff. Accurate measurement and simulation of parameters related to frozen soil infiltration processes are highly important for agricultural water management, environmental issues and engineering problems in cold regions. Temperature changes cause soil pore size distribution variations and consequently dynamic infiltration capacity changes during different freeze-thaw periods. To better understand these complex processes and to reveal the freeze-thaw action effects on soil pore distribution and infiltration capacity, selected black and meadow soils and chernozem, which account for the largest arable land area in Heilongjiang Province, China. Laboratory tests of soils at different temperatures were conducted using a tension infiltrometer and ethylene glycol aqueous solution. The stable infiltration rate, hydraulic conductivity were measured, and the soil pore distribution was calculated. The results indicated that for the different soil types, macropores, which constituted approximately 0.1 % to 0.2 % of the soil volume under unfrozen conditions, contributed approximately 50 % of the saturated flow, and after soil freezing, the soil macropore proportion decreased to 0.05 % to 0.1 %, while their saturated flow proportion decreased to approximately 30 %. Soil moisture froze into ice crystals inside relatively large pores, resulting in numerous smaller-sized pores, which reduced the number of macropores while increasing the number of smaller-sized mesopores, so that the frozen soil infiltration capacity was no longer solely dependent on the macropores. After the ice crystals had melted, more pores were formed within the soil, enhancing the soil permeability.
Zizek y el “regreso” de la negatividad
Authors: Cano Germán
Published: October 2020

Si no reconocemos ya en Slavoj Žižek al “intelectual universal” sartreano ni al “específico” foucaultiano, ni al “orgánico” gramsciano ni al militante autonomista receloso de toda vanguardia teórica, ¿quién es exactamente? ¿Alguien que ocupa, en nuestra sociedad contemporánea, cierta posición de “analista” desencadenando operaciones de “transferencia”, invitando a “atravesar los fantasmas”? ¿Pero no es este “enfant terrible”, a raíz de su popularidad, el filósofo actual que, a pesar de sus invectivas contra la posmodernidad, mejor ha sabido adaptarse al ecosistema posmoderno? En este artículo buscaremos analizar el significado de su figura a la luz de un diagnóstico sobre lo que aún significa para nosotros el siglo veinte.
Variabilidad de los Efectos de la Motivación sobre las Estrategias Desarrolladas por Ratas en el Laberinto Radial
Authors: Soto Caro Fabián , Saavedra María de los Ángeles
Published: October 2020

Investigaciones previas han mostrado que el nivel de deprivación alimenticia influiría sobre el tipo de estrategia utilizada por ratas en el laberinto de brazos radiales. Los animales más motivados utilizarían estrategias basadas en claves egocéntricas propioceptivas, mientras los menos motivados utilizarían estrategias basadas en claves alocéntricas visuales. En la presente investigación se intentó replicar tales resultados con el objeto de explorar más finamente estas estrategias. Sin embargo, se obtuvieron resultados negativos en dos experimentos. En el experimento 1, 24 ratas albinas fueron separadas en dos grupos con distinto peso corporal: los animales en el grupo G75 (n=12) fueron deprivados de comida hasta alcanzar un 75% de su peso de alimentación libre, y los animales en el grupo G85 (N=12) fueron deprivados hasta alcanzar un 85% de su peso de alimentación libre. En el experimento 2, 9 ratas albinas fueron separadas en dos grupos con distintas raciones diarias de comida: GB (n=5) con una ración de 10 gramos, y GA (n=4) con una ración de 20 gramos. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el uso de estrategias en ninguno de los dos experimentos. Estos resultados cuestionan la generalidad de la relación previamente encontrada entre el nivel de motivación de las ratas y el uso deestrategias para la búsqueda de comida en el laberinto radial. Se discute acerca de las condiciones específicas bajo las cuales un mayor nivel de deprivación alimenticia llevaría a utilizar estrategias más simples, basadas en claves propioceptivas, para abastecerse de comida en el laberinto radial.