bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“A system that wasn’t really optimized for me:” Factors influencing autistic college students’ access to information
Authors: Stockwell Kayden M , Robertson Zoe Sargent , Lampi Andrew Joseph , Steinmann Talyn , Morgan Erline , Jaswal Vikram K
Published: February 2025

More autistic adults pursue higher education each year, but rates of mental health conditions and graduation rates suggest they are not being adequately supported. In this qualitative study, we report on factors that influence how autistic college students learn about the resources and opportunities available to help students succeed in higher education. We interviewed 14 autistic students at a public university in the United States as part of a larger project to understand the campus climate for autistic students. Participants were interviewed either in groups or individually via Zoom, or asynchronously over email. We used Reflexive Thematic Analysis to identify patterns of meaning across the dataset and provide a theoretically informed interpretation of autistic college students’ access to information about resources and opportunities. We constructed two themes related to the difficulties autistic students face in accessing information. The first theme was Challenges Navigating the Interactions Required to Access Information. This theme positions participants’ accounts of difficulty accessing socially mediated information within a reciprocal framework. The second theme was University Expectations Limit Information Access. This theme explains how university expectations, practices, and policies that were not designed with autistic students in mind can serve as a barrier to information access. Our participants’ experiences highlighted how access to information about the resources and opportunities that could support their success can impact not only their academic and interpersonal experiences, but also their sense of belonging to their university community. By better understanding the multiple, interacting factors that influence autistic college students’ access to information—and subsequently, resources and opportunities—we can move towards informed, structural changes in higher education that will provide more equitable access to autistic people.
The Impact of Communicating the Benefits and Safety of Psilocybin on Policy Support: A Survey Based Experiment.
Authors: Hitchins Karla , Reynolds James
Published: February 2025

Background: Preliminary evidence suggests psilocybin may have therapeutic value for various mental health conditions; despite this, it is currently illegal in the UK. Less is known about how people form their attitudes towards psilocybin policies. Objectives: To explore whether beliefs about the benefits and safety of psilocybin influence support for psilocybin policies.Methods: In an online survey experiment, 804 participants were randomised to receive one of four interventions in a 2 (no information vs evidence for psilocybin benefits) x 2 (no information vs evidence for psilocybin safety) design. Public support for four psilocybin policies and beliefs about the benefits and safety of psilocybin were measured before and after participants were randomised to a group.Results: In a two-way ANCOVA, the Benefits Intervention significantly increased policy support overall and for two of four psilocybin policies when analysed separately. Furthermore, the Benefits Intervention significantly strengthened beliefs that psilocybin is beneficial and safe. The Safety Intervention increased psilocybin policy support overall (d = .10, p = .003); and for three of four psilocybin policies when analysed separately. The Safety Intervention also strengthened beliefs that psilocybin is safe but not that it is beneficial.Conclusions: Communicating the benefits and safety of psilocybin can increase psilocybin policy support and strengthen beliefs about psilocybin, however further research is needed to explore the longevity of these results.
The two sides of CU traits: Testing maltreatment and psychopathic traits in the distinction of variants in adolescents in residential care
Authors: Maneiro Lorena , López-Romero Laura
Published: February 2025

Child maltreatment has been consistently linked to the secondary variant of psychopathy, but studies using a person-based approach to explore its role, especially in highly vulnerable populations, are lacking. This study aims to identify profiles of adolescents in residential care based on child maltreatment and psychopathic traits, and to examine their relationship with the number of previous placements and developmental outcomes at two time points. The sample included 161 adolescents aged 12-18 (M = 15.22, SD = 1.59), with 77 adolescents followed up. Latent profile analysis identified four profiles: low-risk, primary psychopathy, secondary interpersonal/behavioral, and secondary affective. The primary psychopathy subgroup exhibited the highest levels of externalizing problems at T1 and T2, while the secondary interpersonal/behavioral group reported higher levels of child maltreatment, more previous placements, and greater trauma-related symptoms. The secondary affective subgroup showed a more adaptive adjustment compared to the other high psychopathy subgroups. These results are discussed.
Validating AI-assisted evaluation of open science practices in brain sciences: ChatGPT, Claude, and human expert comparisons
Authors: Lee Daryl Yu Heng , Shanks David
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the efficacy of AI-assisted evaluation of open science practices in brain sciences, comparing ChatGPT 4 and Claude 3.5 Sonnet against human expert assessment. We analysed 100 randomly selected journal articles across various brain science disciplines using a 6-item transparency checklist. Three human experts and two AI chatbots independently evaluated the articles. Results showed strong correlations between human and AI chatbot overall ratings. Both chatbots demonstrated high concordance with humans in assessing code sharing, materials availability, preregistration, and sample size rationales. However, they struggled with accurately identifying the presence of data availability statements and assessing public accessibility of shared data. These findings suggest that AI chatbots can effectively support the evaluation of some open science practices and potentially expedite the assessment process in academic research. However, their limitations in certain areas highlight the continued importance of human oversight in ensuring comprehensive and accurate evaluations of scientific transparency.
Communicating Global Income Rank Increases Charitable Donations
Authors: Spiteri Glen William , Maier Maximilian , Coulson Harry D , Lieder Falk
Published: February 2025

People in high-income countries underestimate their affluence relative to the global population, potentially limiting their will- ingness to donate to charity. We test whether a rank-based nudge (RBN) informing individuals how their post-tax income ranks globally increases charitable donations. Further, because people have been shown to shift their reference point for who should give to charity based on their current income, we inves- tigate whether donations can be boosted by asking how much people with different income ranks should give to charity (in- junctive distribution task, IDT) before administering the RBN. Participants (N = 1,217) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: control, RBN, IDT, or IDT+RBN. Those in the RBN conditions donated significantly more and reduced over- estimation of others’ income across all percentiles of the global income distribution. However, the addition of the IDT did not further increase donations. These findings suggest that RBNs effectively boost generosity by correcting misperceptions of relative affluence.
When Bayesians take over: A computational model of parental intervention
Authors: Shachnai Reut , Kleiman-Weiner Max , Berke Marlene , Leonard Julia
Published: February 2025

When children encounter new challenges, parents often ask themselves: should I let my child figure it out, or should I step in and do it for them? How parents resolve this dilemma is linked to various child developmental outcomes, yet we know little about the cognitive computations that underlie parents’ decision to intervene. Here, we model parenting decisions as a Bayesian solution to a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) and qualitatively compare predictions with behavioral data from real-time parent-child interactions. Empirically, we find that parents are more likely to take over when they believe children are less skilled and when tasks are challenging, and more likely to step back when they believe their child can learn from doing the task on their own. The model captures the fine-grained ways in which these factors shape parent decision-making and, alongside the empirical data, uncovers the cognitive computations that drive parental intervention.
Working with dissociation in the context of first episode psychosis: Guidance for therapists
Authors: Černis Emma , johns louise , Hardy Amy
Published: February 2025

BackgroundDissociative experiences are common transdiagnostically, and particularly prevalent in psychosis. Such experiences have long been under-recognised in routine clinical practice, despite evidence that dissociation is related to clinical complexity and increased risk of self-harm and suicidality. Adopting a symptom-specific, targeted approach to conceptualisation and intervention of dissociation may help improve outcomes. AimsThe evidence base for psychological treatments targeting dissociation is building, but training and guidance for clinicians remains sparse. This review outlines a preliminary approach to the treatment of a subtype of dissociative experience (‘felt sense of anomaly’ dissociation), based on emerging research evidence and clinical practice. The guidance is tailored to the context of first episode psychosis, and may also have broader clinical relevance.MethodFactors to consider in the assessment, formulation, and intervention of felt sense of anomaly dissociation in the context of first episode psychosis are outlined, including reflections on process issues. We present a cognitive-behavioural model, where affect-related changes are interpreted as an internal threat, driving a maintenance cycle of catastrophic appraisals and safety behaviours. Using this formulation, evidence-based therapy techniques familiar to most readers can then be applied.ConclusionsIt is important for clinicians to consider dissociation. As well as generating new avenues for translational intervention research, we anticipate that the novel insights and specific advice outlined here will be of use to professionals working with dissociation in psychosis (and beyond). Encouragingly, we demonstrate that widely used, evidence-based skills and techniques can be employed to address distress arising from dissociation.
Perceptual-cognitive differences between university hockey players and non-hockey players
Authors: Birch-Hurst Kayley , Maddocks Michael , Asquith Phoebe , Clark Kait
Published: February 2025

Athletes exhibit exceptional fitness levels and cognitive abilities in practice and competition. A large body of work has demonstrated that expert athletes perform better than novices and non-athletes on sport-specific tasks, but the transfer of sports training to more general laboratory-based measures of perception and cognition is less clear. A number of studies have explored the relationship between sports expertise and perceptual-cognitive abilities, but some findings are contradictory, and there is a lack of clarity of effects associated with various facets of attention. This study aimed to assess whether university-level athletes demonstrate superior performance across a broad range of visual-attentional skills compared to non-athletes, while controlling for potential motivational differences between the groups. We administered a comprehensive battery of computer-based visual tasks to university hockey players and non-athlete student controls. Our tasks assessed selective attention (Eriksen Flanker Task), sustained dynamic attention (Multiple-Object Tracking), spatial distribution of attention (Useful Field of View), and basic perception (Line Comparison). We found that, compared to controls, the hockey players demonstrated enhanced performance in measures of selective attention and in identifying transient stimuli at central fixation, even after controlling for potential group differences in motivation and strategy. Our results provide novel insight into sport-specific and sport-general cognitive enhancements associated with competitive sport training and have implications for generalised enhancements in cognitive performance.
Strengthening TVET through Private Sector Engagement in Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Anoj
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to scrutinize existing legislative frameworks, policies, and the present scenario of private sector engagement in the technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in Nepal to understand their roles in developing a competitive technical and vocational workforce equipped with 21st century skills for employability. Utilizing qualitative research, the study reviews TVET-related legislative and policy documents as well as current implementation practices. Additionally, it uses Nepal as a case study to explore the tripartite relationship among the government, TVET providers, and private sector employers. It also reviews policies and plans, including the TVET Sector Strategic Plan (2023-32) and the 16th Periodic Plan, which emphasize collaboration between the government, academia and industry to create the skilled workforce. Despite efforts, the current state of TVET in Nepal, which is largely managed by CTEVT, shows minimal involvement from private sector employers compared to the government and TVET providers. Such insufficient industry engagement results in adverse impacts on graduates' employability. The study concludes urgency of effective collaboration among government, TVET providers, and private sector employers and calls for reform in legal and policy frameworks and the adoption of strategies to encourage meaningful private sector engagement in TVET. These strategies include apprenticeships, internships, and dual VET systems. This approach will not only help Nepal maintain a balanced relationship among key stakeholders but also enhance quality and relevance of TVET programs, leading to better employment opportunities for graduates and a more competitive national economy.
Teaching with AI: A Practical Guide to a New Era of Human Learning
Authors: Adhikari Eka Raj
Published: February 2025

Teaching with AI: A Practical Guide to a New Era of Human Learning, authored by Jose Antonio Bowen and C. Edward Watson, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2024, pp. 270. Paperback & E-book: $ 24.95. ISBN: 978-1-4214-4922-7 (Paperback), ISBN: 978-1-4214-4923-4 (E-book)
Nuclear Weapons Prohibition Treaty: Towards the Peaceful Civilian Use
Authors: Dongol Nikhil
Published: February 2025

With the rapid advancement of technology, the demand for energy is ever-growing. In response To meet the growing need, nuclear power has emerged as a viable solution. At the same time, states tend to strategically rely on this as a policy of deterrence, mainly through the development of nuclear weapons. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has been constantly advocating for the peaceful use of nuclear technology; however, there is rapid growth of these nuclear arsenals and, subsequently, an arms race. Enacting a robust legal framework is crucial to revitalize the core objective and prevent potential deviation. An extensive analysis of existing legal frameworks regulating nuclear energy and weapons are required, notably the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW), which is not prevalent in the existing scholarship. In In this milieu, the paper aims to examine various national/international laws governing nuclear weapons and provide a holistic understanding of the legality surrounding the same. This paper explores how the International Law Framework regulates nuclear weapons and their prohibition and how it sets standards, paving the pathway for their peaceful uses. In the national context, the paper analyses Nepal's laws and policies relating to the peaceful use of nuclear energy and its subsequent technologies. However, this paper does not attempt to provide a blueprint for implementing nuclear policy in Nepal; rather, it highlights the need to collaborate with IAEA and nuclear-advanced countries, the opportunities brought, and the inherent challenges associated with it. Methodologically, the research involves reviewing secondary data, focusing on laws/regulations concerning nuclear weapons and their ethical considerations. This doctrinal study involves comprehensive reviews of various legal frameworks, case narrative studies, and content analysis. The aim is to explore the existing legal regime governing nuclear weapons and its relation to atomic/nuclear diplomacy.
Geopolitics and National Security of Nepal
Authors: Angdembe Deependra
Published: February 2025

Nepal's strategic position between two aspiring world powers, China and India, has made her a fulcrum of geopolitical competition, often shaping the national security landscape. Additionally, landlocked status and closeness to these aspiring world powers add layers of complexity, as we must navigate the juxtaposing ideologies, power dynamics, and security interests. Notwithstanding, Nepal endeavors for non-alignment; recent developments in Nepal’s political, economic, and security apparatus with the increased competition among the global powers are significant enough to create both challenges as well as opportunities. In this article, there is a review of work and development of a sound pathway to improve our understanding and foreign policy approach while examining patterns of geopolitical competition, security threats, and potential benefits, utilizing an interpretivist approach that includes case studies. This research contributes insights into the unique security challenges Nepal faces and offers strategic recommendations that may support more comprehensive policymaking. Rather than comparing Nepal with others with similar geopolitical apparatus, the focus is on the geopolitics. and national security issues of Nepal. This study implements an interpretivist lens to delve into the multifaceted relationship between national security and geopolitics. By analyzing diverse secondary sources, including scholarly articles and online newspapers, through qualitative content analysis, this research aims to uncover the subjective interpretations and contextual nuances that underpin this dynamic field.
Infarto omental primario idiopático como causa de abdomen agudo
Authors: Reyna Villasmil Eduardo
Published: February 2025

Introduction: idiopathic primary omental infarction is a rare cause of acute abdomen, with symptoms resembling those of acute appendicitis. Case report: 12-year-old female patient who presented with acute, intermittent, moderate to severe abdominal pain. Upon examination, abdomen was soft, depressible, with rebound tenderness on deep palpation in the right lower quadrant. Abdominopelvic computed tomography imaging showed a fat density tumor with small vessels, inflammatory changes within the omentum in the right upper quadrant and scant amount of fluid around the greater omentum. With the diagnostic possibility of focal omental infarction, it was managed conservatively with analgesia and anti-inflammatory medication. Discussion: due to its infrequent and non-specific presentation, it mimics other pathologies. It is rarely considered among the differential diagnoses of acute right-sided abdominal pain during childhood. Conservative treatment and surgery are the only therapeutic options, although there is no consensus regarding their effectiveness. Conclusion: idiopathic primary omental infarction should be considered in patients with acute abdominal pain. When diagnosed in the initial phase, the patient can be treated conservatively. Surgical intervention is indicated when conservative treatment fails, or complications arise.
Mioclonías como presentación de neurotoxicidad inducida por opioides
Authors: Gómez García Diego Mauricio , Arce Gálvez Leonardo
Published: February 2025

Introduction: opioid-    induced neurotoxicity (OIN) can manifest as myoclonus, a rare complication requiring early intervention. Objectives: to report a rare side effect of opioid therapy and identify the underlying risk factors. Case Report:  A 78-year-old woman coming from southwest Colombia, diagnosed with breast and thyroid cancer with lung metastasis. She presented with chronic neck pain secondary to cervical surgical lymphadenectomy, inadequately treated with a two opioids combination (hydrocodone-oxycodone). Following opioid therapy instauration, she presented myoclonic contractions of the upper extremities. During care provision, she underwent various studies, which were within the normal range. It was concluded that this was a case of opioid-induced neurotoxicity. Pharmacological management was reviewed. One of the opioids was discontinued and the dosage of the other opioid was adjusted, with favorable clinical outcomes. Conclusions: assessing risk factors and appropriate use of opioid medication favor patient pharmacological safety. Early identification of symptoms warrants a successful intervention and symptom control.
Lactato vs CURB 65 y CRB65 como predictor de resultados clínicos en neumonía adquirida en la comunidad
Authors: Diaztagle Fernández Juan José , Eslava Orozco David Felipe , Núñez Pinilla Edwin Reynaldo , Pacheco Cárdenas Ariel Andrés
Published: February 2025

Introduction: community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide and in Colombia, hence scales or measures for prognosis prediction are essential for defining its management. Objectives: to evaluate whether lactate and CURB65 and CRB65 severity scores are related to clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients admitted with CAP. Materials and methods: a retrospective study including patients admitted to the emergency room for CAP in two university hospitals in Bogotá. The sensibility, specificity, predictive values, and areas under the curve (AUC) of lactate, CRB65, and CURB65, were established to identify in-hospital mortality, need of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation (MV). Results: 153 patients were included, 78 (51%) were men and the median age was 75 years (IQR 62 - 83). The AUC to identify in-hospital mortality was 0.76 (CI 95%=0.65-0.87) for CURB65, and 0.70 (CI 95%=0.56-0.83) for lactate. Regarding patients requiring ICU admission, CURB65 had an AUC=0.77 (IC 95%=0.69-0.86) and lactate an AUC=0.67 (IC 95%= 0.54-0.80). Combining lactate and CURB65 did not improve the AUCs for the evaluated outcomes. Conclusion: in the study population, CURB-65 better predicted clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for CAP. Adding lactate did not improve prognosis assessment.
Hemorragia alveolar asociada con tirofiban
Authors: Aguilar Arias Alexander , Martínez Carlos Arturo , Arango Ana María , Vélez Garcés Sara , Aguilar Arias Catalina
Published: February 2025

Case: we present a patient with alveolar hemorrhage associated with tirofiban, whose diagnosis was delayed because the initial signs, which were misinterpreted as pneumonia, were unrecognized. Discussion and conclusions: an early and accurate diagnosis is essential to guide the appropriate management of any type of bleeding complication in a patient with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), especially in a case of alveolar hemorrhage (AH).
Anemia hemolítica autoinmune por anticuerpos fríos asociada con infección severa por SARS-COV-2 ¿causalidad o casualidad?
Authors: Oriuela Quiroga Jhoan , Gómez Galeano Kelly , Yory Montalvo Nicolas , Ocampo Posada Martín , Garces Villabón Leopoldo
Published: February 2025

Introduction: COVID-19 disease has a wide spectrum of manifestations, going from asymptomatic to severe cases, where respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome feature a high mortality rate. Among the extrapulmonary manifestations, hematologic manifestations, including autoimmune hemolytic anemias, are becoming of great interest.  Case presentation: a patient with severe COVID-19 disease and documented cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Discussion:   is focused on the literature found since the COVID-19 pandemic was declared and its relationship with said hematologic disorder. Conclusions: the importance of this report lies in recognizing the relationship between these two entities to provide timely treatment.
Ansiedad, dolor y resiliencia en pacientes con ventilación mecánica invasiva en unidad de cuidado intensivo: un estudio piloto
Authors: Hernández Zambrano Sandra Milena , Toro Ortiz Ana Isabel , Villalobos Lagos Angie Lorena , Agudelo Parra Saida Lorena , Arévalo Barrios Jhon Bairo , Ettenberger Mark , Chavez Chavez Josefina , Casanova Libreros Rosangela , Silva Fajardo Ingrid , Fandino Vergara Lizeth Alexa , Maya Castro Rafael Camilo
Published: February 2025

Introduction: about 90% of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) require invasive mechanical intubation during their stay. Symptoms such as anxiety and pain, allows assessing the subject´s adaptive capacity. Objective: to describe the applicability of the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI), visual analog scale (VAS) and brief resilience scale (BRS) instruments in critical patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in the ICU of a high complexity hospital in Bogotá. Methodology: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The STAI-6, EVA and BRS were used for data collection to evaluate anxiety, pain and resilience in adult patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation. The Stata 17 software was used to conduct a descriptive analysis. Results: of the 23 participants, 82.6% were women aged 24 to 84 years. Pain was rated as mild by 78.26% of patients on the pain scale.  A high level of anxiety was experienced by 39.13% of patients, and in 60.86% resilience was found to be within the normal range. Conclusion: pain was the easiest sign to identify; the STAI-6 scale was useful and simple to apply to detect the anxiety level in ventilated critical patients; the BRS scale was not very specific and made understanding and assessment of resilience in mechanically ventilated patients, more complex.
Caracterización de la población pediátrica con labio y/o paladar hendido en un hospital regional del sur colombiano
Authors: Gutierrez Vargas Maria Camila , Ostos Alfonso Henry
Published: February 2025

Introduction: cleft lip (CL), and cleft palate (CP) or combined cleft lip and palate (CLP) are a group of congenital anomalies caused by the failure of fusion of embryonic tissues. Objective: to characterize the pediatric population with cleft lip and/or palate. Materials and methods: a retrospective cross-sectional observational descriptive study conducted during 2022 in a regional hospital. Results: 42 patients were included, predominantly females, the majority were non-syndromic, two died due to other congenital malformations and molecular detections such as the NOTCH1 variant and Xq26.32 and 4q32.3-q34.3 microdeletions were identified in three patients. The diagnosis was postnatal (95%). Unilateral CLP of the left side was the most common cleft type. Gender distribution showed that CLPs occurs more frequently in males, CPs in females, while CL occurs in both genders in equal numbers. Risk factors identified were alcohol intake (2%), pesticide exposure (12%) and family history of orofacial clefts (13%). The mean age at first surgical repair was 18 months, cheiloplasty (24%) being the main procedure performed, requiring an average of 2 surgical interventions, with complications in 33%. Discussion: most cases were non-syndromic, which correlates with the epigenetic component of this entity, the frequency of the type of lesions and their gender distribution differs from the existing epidemiology reports. Conclusion: prenatal testing for these conditions and optimizing the age at first surgical repair, are recommended.
Validez del lactato como biomarcador de mortalidad pediátrica en choque séptico
Authors: Gutierrez Vargas María Camila , Sendoya Vargas Jesús David , Bonell Serrato Juan Pablo , Fernández Camacho Laura Lucia , Caviedes Pérez Giovanni , Carvajal Duque Darling
Published: February 2025

Introduction: septic shock is a major cause of pediatric admission and mortality in intensive care. Lactate is a potential biomarker for early detection and mortality prediction, for low lactate clearance values are associated with decreased survival. Objective: to establish the validity of this biomarker and whether there is a relationship between hyperlactatemia and its serum clearance, with mortality in patients with septic shock. Materials and Methods:  a case series carried out at the Neiva Hospital, Colombia, between October 2019 and February 2020, including patients from 1 month to 18 years of age, excluding transferred or previously treated patients. Data was collected through a daily medical record review, using descriptive statistics and p-value. Results: 22 patients were analyzed, most of them females (63.6%), mean age 4 years, mortality 13.6%. Pneumonia was the primary cause of septic shock. The highest hyperlactatemia values were found at diagnosis. The highest clearance level was obtained between 6 and 12 hours after admission. No p - value for mortality, lactate levels and clearance were < 0.05. Discussion: lactate as a mortality marker in the pediatric population is still under study. The limitation of this study is the small sample size, to which the p-value result of > 0.05 could be attributed. Conclusion: this study does not have enough statistical power to endorse the correlation between lactate clearance levels with death in the studied sample; studies including a greater number of pediatric cases, is recommended.
Determinantes sociales de la salud y la desnutrición crónica en la primera infancia en comunidades urbanas vulnerables colombianas
Authors: Gomez-Suarez Marcela , Acelas González Gabriel Esteban
Published: February 2025

Introduction: chronic childhood malnutrition (CCMN) is a global issue affecting millions of children, especially in middle-income and low-income countries. This phenomenon, resulting from a variety of factors, carries serious sequelae on a child´s growth, and physical and cognitive development. Addressing this problem by analyzing the social determinants of health (SDH), provides a broad view of the need of impacting each of these factors. Lack of accessing essential nutrients linked to factors such as poverty, discrimination and social inequalities have a direct impact on child nutrition. The problem is aggravated by living conditions, especially in rural areas, where access to basic services such as drinking water and sanitation is limited. Objective: to analyze the SDH present in vulnerable urban communities in Bogotá, related to CCMN. Discussion and conclusion: understanding these determinants is fundamental to tackle this problem and design comprehensive public policies considering the complete territorial and social reality in combating child malnutrition. However, assuming this great challenge requires comprehensive actions addressing inequalities, from poverty to ethnic identity, ensuring equal opportunities, access to health and nutrition services, and community empowerment promotion.
Jenifer Dayana Diosa Torres
Authors: Chaparro Serrano María Fernanda
Published: February 2025

Jenifer siempre será recordada por docentes, compañeros y amigos como una mujer valiente con un inquebrantable deseo de superación y de convertirse en una profesional de instrumentación quirúrgica, con el propósito de ayudar a su familia y mejorar su calidad de vida. Su partida inesperada nos deja un profundo dolor, pero nos reconforta saber que pudimos acompañarla en algún tramo de su camino.
Inclusión y equidad: un compromiso en la formación de profesionales de la salud
Authors: Cely Cabeza Sandra
Published: February 2025

La Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS) con el propósito de convertirse en una institución verdaderamente inclusiva, desarrolla acciones afirmativas a través de la división de responsabilidad social, el programa ability y universidad saludable. En línea con su política de multidiversidad e inclusión, la FUCS promueve un mensaje positivo a la comunidad universitaria, resaltando el valor de estos esfuerzos y cómo aportan a la responsabilidad social de la institución. 
En este sentido se fomenta una cultura de equidad, empatía y diversidad, con el propósito de eliminar barreras de acceso y erradicar cualquier forma de violencia y discriminación, acciones que buscan impactar en forma directa el desarrollo de las actividades académicas, administrativas y misionales, consolidando un ambiente de respeto y reconocimiento por la diferencia.
Dr. Manuel Elkin Patarroyo Murillo
Authors: Gómez López Arley
Published: February 2025

Me ha correspondido en esta nota editorial el honor de hacer una semblanza de uno de los más grandes científicos colombianos del último siglo, cuya obra y legado trasciende diversas áreas de la medicina, desde enfermedades como el lupus eritematoso y la artritis hasta las enfermedades infecciosas  como la lepra y la tuberculosis, el virus del papiloma humano y la malaria, a cuyas investigaciones se dedicó hasta el último día.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa Bimbingan Konseling
Authors: Khaq Muhammad Iqbal Zamanul , Yustinus Windrawanto  , Sapto Irawan
Published: February 2025

Pembelajaran daring merupakan media alternatif ketika pembelajaran luring tidak dapat dilakukan. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring memiliki keterbatasan dalam interaksinya dan keberhasilan proses pembelajaran sangat dipengaruhi oleh motivasi belajar. Tanpa adanya motivasi belajar tujuan pembelajaran tidak dapat tercapai. Dengan demikian, tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh pembelajaran daring terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa BK UKSW Angkatan 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan model kasual komparatif. Subjek penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah populasi 46 mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode angket. Kemudian dilakukan analisis data menggunakan regresi linier sederhana setelah dilakukan uji prasyarat serta uji hipotesis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diperoleh hasil nilai signifikansi 0,00 < 0,05 dengan nilai thitung 3,840 > ttabel 1,684 yang berarti ada pengaruh positif. Oleh karena itu, upaya dari pendidik ketika melakukan pembelajaran daring merupakan kunci keberhasilan dari pembelajaran daring.
Kata kunci: pembelajaran daring, motivasi belajar, mahasiswa
Survey Perilaku Agresi Verbal Siswa SMK
Authors: Buamona Livia , Eka Wahyuni  , Wirda Hanim
Published: February 2025

Agresi verbal di kalangan peserta didik SMK semakin menjadi perhatian dunia pendidikan karena dampaknya yang signifikan terhadap iklim belajar, hubungan sosial, dan perkembangan kepribadian peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola perilaku agresi verbal dan faktor pemicunya pada peserta didik kelas XI SMK Yappenda. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei deskriptif, dengan populasi sebanyak 208 peserta didik dan sampel yang dipilih secara purposif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Skala Perilaku Agresi Verbal berbasis skala Likert, yang telah diuji validitasnya (nilai korelasi > 0,30) dan reliabilitasnya (koefisien alpha 0,85). Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak IBM SPSS Statistics. Hasil menunjukkan ejekan (45%), sindiran (35%), dan hinaan (28%) sebagai bentuk perilaku yang dominan, dengan intensitas lebih tinggi pada peserta didik laki-laki. Faktor pemicu utama meliputi pengaruh teman sebaya (60%), tekanan akademik (52%), dan paparan media sosial (48%). Temuan ini menggarisbawahi urgensi intervensi berbasis konseling pengelolaan emosi untuk menciptakan lingkungan pendidikan yang kondusif dan mendukung perkembangan peserta didik secara positif.
Kata kunci: agresi verbal, SMK, hubungan sosial
Underestimation of liver fibrosis using vibration-controlled transient elastography on cirrhosis. Are there predictors?
Authors: Horta Gloria , Razzak Iyiad Alabdul , Zhang Xinyuan , Zhang Xuehong , Lai Michelle
Published: February 2025

Background:

Detection of liver fibrosis helps to make therapeutic decisions and with screening in patients with chronic liver diseases. Transient elastography (TE) is an accurate, noninvasive technique to assess liver fibrosis but sometimes it is underestimated. Here we aimed for associations and predictors related to the underestimation of liver fibrosis using TE.

Methods:

We conducted a prospective cohort study involving adult patients with cirrhosis who underwent TE and had their clinical data analyzed. Patients were categorized into two groups based on liver stiffness measurement (LSM), either ≥10 kPa or <10 kPa, which was considered an underestimation of liver fibrosis. Multivariate analysis and logistic regression models were used to identify predictors and their associated strengths. One-way analysis of variance and multiple Tukey comparisons were used to determine the association with cirrhosis etiology.

Results:

Of 248 patients included, 29.4% had underestimation of liver fibrosis, and when compared with the ≥10 kPa group, significant differences were found in cirrhosis etiology ( p = 0.03) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT; p = 0.03), among others. The main cirrhosis etiologies included nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (30.65%), alcohol-related liver disease (27.02%), and hepatitis C virus (26.21%), with significant liver stiffness mean difference between them. There was a significant association between LSM <10 kPa and cirrhosis etiology (odds ratio 1.147; 95% CI 1.012–1.301) and ALT (odds ratio 1.019; 95% CI 1.005–1.033).

Conclusions:

Underestimation of liver fibrosis using TE in cirrhosis likely occurs with hepatitis C virus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and low ALT levels.
NATIVE ALUMINIUM IN CHALCEDONIAN PEBBLE FROM SÃO MIGUEL, AZORES, PORTUGAL
Authors:   Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil, Costa Marcondes , Valente Glayce ,   Faculty of Conservation and Restoration, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil, Horta Susana ,   Azores Gems and Minerals, São Miguel, Açores, Portugal
Published: February 2025

The chemical element aluminium, the third most abundant in the Earth’s crust, is part of the chemical composition of more than a thousand species of minerals. However, as a native element, it is very rare, with only 22 known occurrences in the world to date. While the chemical element was discovered in 1825, the industrial production of the metal began in 1856. The discovery of the first occurrence of native aluminium only occurred in 1978, but it was only actually accepted in 1983. The penultimate discovery was made in Tolbachik in Russia and this work presents the occurrence of a micro flake of native aluminium in chalcedonian pebble from São Miguel, Azores, Portugal.
DE BREJOS À VEREDAS – A BURITIZEIRA
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Palmas, Tocantins, Silva Maria Ecilene
Published: February 2025

Antes que os primeiros raios de sol tocassem a quietude das águas e transformassem o buritizal em um espelho gigante e estilhaçado, nós já estávamos lá. Minha mãe, altiva e forte como as palmeiras que se erguiam imponentes, liderava o caminho. Eu, pequena e curiosa, seguia seus passos largos e coordenados, mas, ora ou outra, os meus pés, indecisos, afundavam no lamaçal turfoso. Um passo em falso, ela dizia, e o pântano te engole inteira, abrindo suas gargantas escuras e famintas. O perigo sussurrava nas sombras, onde raízes grossas mimetizavam serpentes; e troncos retorcidos se confundiam com histórias de peçonhas adormecidas. Mesmo envoltas no breu, aquelas raízes — pneumatóforas — emergiam das águas, alçando seus suspiros aos céus. Uma lição silenciosa sobre resiliência como linguagem primordial. Para durar, precisa se aprender a respirar em qualquer lugar.
Тəжірибелі антракозда аз дозалы гамма-сəуленің əсер ету кезіндегі босрадикалды тотығудың рөлі
Authors: Чуленбаева Л.Е. , Ілдербаев О.З.
Published: February 2025

Зерттеу мақсаты— көмір шаңы мен аз дозалы иондағыш сəуленің (0,2 Гр) кейінгі кезеңдегі əсеріне ұшыраған жануарлардың иммунокомпетентті ағзаларында липидтердің асқын тотығының рөлін анықтау. Бақылау жұмысы 3 топқа бөлінгенWistar қатарындағы 30 ақ аталық егеу құйрықтарға жүргізілді: I-топ— интактілі; II-топ— көмір шаңын жұтқан топ; III-топ— гамма-сəулесіне жəне көмір шаңына шалдыққан топ. Тəжірибелік егеуқұйрықтарда эксперименттік антракозды модельдеуүшін арнайы арналған шаң беретін камера қолданылды. III-топтағы жануарларды зерттеуге 90 күн қалғанда чехиялық TERAGAM 60 Сo («ISOTREND spol. s.r.o.», Чех Республикасы) атты радиотерапевтік қондырғысымен 0,2 Гр дозада бір мезетте сəуле берілді. Сəулелеуге дейінжануарларда топометриялы-дозиметриялық дайындық жұмысы жүргізілді. Ол үшін нысана«Теrasix» (Чех Республикасы) симуляторының изоцентрикалы терапевті столына орналастырылды, ол өзініңқұрылымы жəне өлшемдері бойынша гамма-сəуле терапевті столына сəйкес келеді. Көмір шаңы жəнерадиацияның бірлесе əсері липидтердің гиперпероксидациясын тудыра отырып, неғұрлым тереңірек ықпал көрсеткен. Көмір шаңы мен радиациялық фактордың ықпалынан ДК жəне МДА мөлшерлері артып, оның есебінен зерттеу нысаналарында тотығу күйзелісінің еселене жүргені тіркелді.
Influence of various pollutants to the environment on metabolic status laboratory animals organism
Authors: Shorin S.S. , Mashzhan A.S.
Published: February 2025

This article presents the results of an experimental study of dust containing a complex microconcentrations metals. Quantitative characteristics carcinogenic risk in inhalation and oral intake of chemical compounds have been established. The results of complex ecological studies on the evaluation unfavorable environmental factors, the carcinogenic risk of cancer development among the population living in the zone a dysfunctional region, specifies the features ecological and hygienic situation caused by chemical contamination of some natural environments (air, water, snow, soil). The role of low metal concentrations in the dust composition on the metabolic processes in the body has been experimentally established, the dose-dependent changes have been determined, that the trigger mechanism toxicity of chemical compounds is the inefficiency the cellular mechanisms in the splitting corpuscular microparticles ofdust penetrating into the blood stream, provoking increased oxidative stress in the internal organs.
Distribution of Lymantria disparin forests of CSI «Kyzylzharskoe forestry» of the North Kazakhstan region
Authors: Kozhevnikova L.N. , Levykh A.Yu. , Panchenko V.Yu.
Published: February 2025

Lymantria disparis one of the most dangerous, widespread forest pests. In most of its range this species gives periodic outbreaks of mass reproduction. Its polyphage caterpillars can eat about 300 plant species, but they cause special damage to birch plantations. Based on this, a number of studies on the distribution of the Lymantria disparhave been conducted in the Kyzylzharskoye forestry in the North Kazakhstan region: ac-counting, collection, analysis of all stages of pest development. Repeated outbreaks of pest activity were identified in researching territory in 3 zones: minor damage zone (the occurrence of foci less than 30 %), periodic intensive damage zone (31–70 %) and permanent damage (more than 70 %). Also pointed that prolonged drought for several years has a great influence on the duration of outbreaks of Lymantria disparmass reproduction. It confirmed by our records of increasing amount of pests in 2016 and 2017 years. With the aim of exterminating the pest and reducing the foci of infection of birch plantings with Lymantria dispar, CSI «Kyzylzharskoe forestry» carried out forest treatment with the biological preparation «Hercules–48 %». This drug belongs to the 3rd class of danger and is safe for people, warm-blooded animals, birds, bees and useful entomofauna.
Биотехнология: ее роль и место в научно-техническом прогрессе
Authors: Кaрeнов Р.C. , Бекишев К.Б.
Published: February 2025

Сегодня наблюдается острая практическая потребность в новых технологиях, призванных ликвидировать нехватку продовольствия, энергии, минеральных ресурсов, улучшить состояние здравоохранения и охраны окружающей среды. Бурное развитие современной молекулярной биологии и генетики, опирающихся на достижения химии и физики, позволяет использовать потенциал живых организмов винтересах хозяйственной деятельности человека. В статье излагаются пути развития и достижения биотехнологии как науки, возникшей на стыке нескольких биологических дисциплин: генетики, вирусологии, микробиологии, растениеводства. Описываются уникальные возможности практического использования результатов исследований в этой области в Республике Казахстан. Делается вывод, что в нашей стране биотехнология уже вносит немалую лепту и, вероятно, в будущем внесет решающий вклад в решение глобальных проблем человечества. Доказывается, что в Казахстане есть все условиядля прорыва в перспективе в сфере производства биопрепаратов.
Экологическая тропа как одна из форм развития экологического туризма
Authors: Дмитриев П.С. , Носонов А.М. , Лысакова Т.Н. , Гордиянова Г.В. , Лаптевa И.В.
Published: February 2025

В статье рассмотрены понятие экологической тропы, проблема экологического образования и воспитания, раскрыта актуальность и обозначены проблемы развития экологического туризма в Северо-Казахстанской области. Сформулированы предпосылки развития экологического туризма в данном регионе, охарактеризованы трудности развития экотуризма и рассмотрены возможные пути их преодоления. Выявлено значение экологических троп в развитии экологического туризма. Изучены типы, задачи, этапы организации экологической тропы как одного из эффективных факторов формирования экологической культуры и экологического образования. Обсуждается проблема развития продуктивной деятельности через исследовательскую и проектную деятельность участников на основе учебной экологической тропы. Создание экологической тропы является первым шагом к сохранению окружающей среды. Сделаны выводы о том, что экологический туризм, безусловно, не решает проблему разрушения природной среды. Однако он позволяет смягчить удары, наносимые беззаботным отношением людей к ней, сохраняя уголки нетронутой природы и содействуя приумножению природных ценностей не только посредством экологического образования туристов, но и за счет средств, направляемых из доходов от экологического туризма на решение таких задач.