bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic Piezo-Nanogenerator Integrated Flexible Self-Charging Supercapacitor Power Cell: Overview and Outlook
Authors:   School of Materials science & Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India, Panigrahi Karamjyoti ,   Current address: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, India, 411008
Published: September 2021

Coupling of energy harvesting unit with the energy storage one has already gained considerable attention in the development of self-powered portable gadgets. Nanogenerators (NGs) and flexible supercapacitors (SCs), both are considered as leading energy devices in their respective domains. Integration with each other opens up the new possibility of self-charging supercapacitors. Among, the NGs piezo-electric NGs are preferred over triboelectric NGs for integration with SC to avoid additional circuit complexity. Here, device architecture, the working principle, and imperative parameters regarding piezo-electric NG-based self-powered SCs are sequentially discussed. Finally, a conclusion is drawn from some recent works, and remarks are provided for cultivating its overall performance.
Spiritualitas Muhammadiyah: Kontekstualisasi Gagasan Sufisme Ahmad Dahlan dalam Masyarakat Postmodern
Authors: S.A.P. Rangga Sa’adillah
Published: September 2021

Kiai Dahlan sebagai hoofdBestuur Muhammadiyah adalah tipe ulama purifikatif dan rasional dalam beragama. Ia menekankan pentingnya aksi dari pada berteori, pentingnya akal dari pada takhayul. Dalam praktik keberagamaannya terdapat potret-potret kehidupan sufistik yang merupakan bagian dari wilayah tasawuf. Kiai Dahlan mengajarkan tentang tazkiyat al-nafs, dhikr al-mawt yang merupakan bagian dari tema kesufian. Modernisme dikembangkan atas pelbagai postulat pemikiran rasionalisme, empirisme dan positivisme, sengaja mengabaikan dimensi kehidupan yang sangat mendasar, sedangkan postmodernisme cenderung lebih konstruktif, karena berupaya menawarkan pelbagai visi alternatif mengenai kebenaran. Dus, bukan sekedar dekonstruksi terus-menerus tanpa henti, tetapi juga rekonstruksi yang bersifat positif. Gagasan spiritualime yang dipancarkan oleh kiai Dahlan berpendar dari dimensi esoteris jiwanya, atau lebih nyaman disebut dengan sufi akan tetapi tidak terikat pada tarekat. Sebab, sufi ala kiai Dahlan adalah sufisme makrifat, ketundukkan totalitas pada Tuhan melalui syariat-Nya, kedalaman ilmu, kesabaran amal dan kebijaksanaan dalam penghayatan.
Studi Perbandingan Pendidikan Akhlak Perspektif al-Ghazāli dan al-Attas
Authors: Tolchah Moch.
Published: September 2021

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami gagasan pendidikan fundamental dari tokoh cendikiawan muslim Abū Hāmid Muḥammad al-Ghazālī dan Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas tentang pendidikan akhlak. Konsep tersebut dijadikan sebagai gagasan dasar dalam membangun sumber daya manusia. Beberapa temuan dalam penulisan ini dapat disimpulkan: Pertama, konsep pendidikan akhlak menurut al-Ghazālī merupakan proses menghilangkan sifat-sifat tercela yang ada pada diri dan menanamkan sifat terpuji, yang bertujuan menghasilkan insān kāmil dan mendekatkan diri kepada Allāh. Pendidikan akhlak yang dikemukakan al-Ghazālī menekankan pada unsur jiwa yang mempunyai kedudukan sentral pada diri manusia sehingga dalam metode pendidikan akhlak beliau memilih menggunakan metode tazkīyat al-nafs, mujāhadah dan riyāḍah. Menurut al-Ghazālī guru mempunyai tugas dan kedudukan yang agung sebagaimana Rasul, serta memberikan kriteria kepribadian yang dimiliki guru dan murid. Kedua, konsep pendidikan akhlak al-Attas diadopsi dari konsep ta’dīb yang sudah mencakup unsur-unsur ‘ilm, ta‘līm dan tarbīyah serta penekanannya cenderung lebih banyak pada perbaikan budi pekerti dengan menggunakan metode tawhīd, cerita dan metafora. Di lain pihak Al-Attas menganjurkan pendidik dan peserta didik mempunyai niat ikhlas dalam mengajar dan menuntut ilmu. Ketiga, konsep pendidikan akhlak yang ditawarkan al-Ghazālī dan al-Attas mempunyai tujuan yang sama, membentuk insān kāmil dan taqarrub kepada Allāh. Mereka menganjurkan sifat keihklasan dimiliki oleh guru dan murid dalam pembelajaran, karena pembelajaran adalah kegiatan memberi dan menerima yang akan tersampaikan jika ada niat ikhlas dalam pelaksanaannya.
Kecerdasan Spiritual Anak; Dimensi, Urgensi dan Edukasi
Authors: Sofiyah Siti
Published: September 2021

Permasalahan pokok penelitian ini adalah bagaimana membina kecerdasan spiritual anak dalam keluarga. Adapun tujuan penulis mengangkat topik ini adalah untuk mengungkap peran orang tua dalam membina kecerdasan spiritual anak dalam lingkungan keluarga. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kualitatif ini, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa kecerdasan spiritual adalah sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan ruh, semangat dan jiwa religius serta memiliki pola pemikiran tauhid (integralistik) serta berprinsip hanya karena Allah. Secara umum, ada dua faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kecerdasan yaitu; figur genetik atau bawaan dan faktor lingkungan yaitu lingkungan rumah, kecukupan nutrisi, interfensi dini dan pendidikan di sekolah. Maka, langkah-langkah yang harus diperhatikan orang tua dalam pembinaan kecerdasan spiritual pada anak antara lain: melibatkan anak dalam kegiatan-kegiatan keagamaan, bacakan puisi-puisi atau lagu-lagu yang spiritual dan inspirasional, bawa anak untuk menikmati keindahan alam, ikut sertakan anak dalam kegiatan-kegiatan sosial dan jadilah cermin positif. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan bagi orang tua, pendidik, dan penanggungjawab pendidikan pada umumnya dalam upaya menanamkan kecerdasan spiritual sejak dini pada anak.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Tajwid dan Sholat dengan Game Android di Sekolah Dasar Mursyidah Surabaya
Authors: Mubarokah Arzaqillah
Published: September 2021

Pesatnya kemajuan teknologi berdampak pada terjadinya perubahan dalam berbagai aspek, termasuk aspek pendidikan. Proses belajar mengajar tidak hanya berfokus pada penggunaan satu atau dua buku pedoman saja, namun juga telah mengintegrasikan kecanggihan teknologi seperti gadget dan koneksi internet. Salah satunya adalah adanya pemanfaatan game android edukatif oleh pendidik dalam mata pelajaran Al-Quran Hadits (Qurdits) dan Fiqih. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi guru dan peserta didik terhadap penerapan game edukasi bertajuk game Tajwid Petualangan dan game fiqih Marbel (Mari Belajar) Sholat di SD Mursyidah Surabaya. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif, agar dapat mendeskripsikan penelitian secara mendalam dan mendetail. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan kedua games edukatif tersebut memberikan banyak manfaat kepada masing-masing pihak khususnya terhadap peserta didik, seperti bertambahnya minat belajar siswa, pembelajaran di kelas lebih komunikatif dan menyenangkan dan meningkatnya hasil belajar siswa. Selain itu, tantangan baru juga dirasakan oleh guru berupa: peningkatan efektifitas penggunaan game android edukatif dan pendampingan kepada siswa untuk memilih game android yang bermanfaat baik di dalam ataupun di luar kelas.
Model Program Pengembangan Diri dalam Mengembangkan Potensi Siswa di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 3 Peterongan Jombang
Authors: Takwil Moh
Published: September 2021

Program pengembangan diri adalah suatu keharusan di sekolah baik  berbentuk kegiatan ektrakurekuler maupun bimbingan konseling. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menggali dan mengembangkan minat bakat siswa agar tumbuh sesuai dengan bakatnya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan program pengembangan diri di SMP Negeri 3 Peterongan Jombang. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan program pengembangan diri di SMP Negeri 3 Peterongan Jombang dilaksankan dengan: Pertama, Program ekstrakurekuler, di mana dilakukan dengan tiga tahap yaitu (1) Tahap perencanaan dengan mengevaluasi program ektrakurekuler tahun sebelumnya dan menghasilkan rekomendasi untuk tahun berjalan. (2) Tahap pengelompokan, di mana sebelum kegiatan dilaksanakan siswa dikelompokkan berdasarkan minat dan bakatnya. (3) Tahap pelaksanaan, yaitu kegiatan ektrakurekuler dilaksanakan pada hari sabtu dan minggu dengan didampingi oleh Pembina dan penanggungjawab dalam hal ini adalah Waka Kesiswaan. Kedua, Program bimbingan dan konseling yang dilakukan guru BK mengacu kepada kebutuhan berdasarkan penelitian atau survey minat bakat siswa. Ada empat layanan yang diterapkan yaitu: layanan dasar,layanan permintaan dan perencanaan individual, Layanan Responsif, dukungan sistem.
A Comprehensive Comparison of Label Setting Algorithm and Dynamic Programming Algorithm in Solving Shortest Path Problems
Authors: Kparib Douglas Yenwon , Addor John Awuah , Turkson Anthony Joe
Published: September 2021

In this paper, Label Setting Algorithm and Dynamic Programming Algorithm had been critically examined in determining the shortest path from one source to a destination. Shortest path problems are for finding a path with minimum cost from one or more origin (s) to one or more destination(s) through a connected network. A network of ten (10) cities (nodes) was employed as a numerical example to compare the performance of the two algorithms. Both algorithms arrived at the optimal distance of 11 km, which corresponds to the paths 1→4→5→8→10 ,1→3→5→8→10 , 1→2→6→9→10  and  1→4→6→9→10 . Thus, the problem has multiple shortest paths. The computational results evince the outperformance of Dynamic Programming Algorithm, in terms of time efficiency, over the Label Setting Algorithm. Therefore, to save time, it is recommended to apply Dynamic Programming Algorithm to shortest paths and other applicable problems over the Label-Setting Algorithm.
The Belgian debate on restitution since 2018
Authors: Zian Yasmina
Published: September 2021

The Belgian debate on restitution since 2018 – A perspective on the political acts shaping

This article analyses political discourses in the light of the vocabulary and suggestions contained in the parliamentary resolutions proposed in 2019 dealing with the restitution. It appears that the discourses are committed but the developed suggestions are mild. This apparent contradiction can be explained through Hanna Pitkin’s work on political representation. Using this analysis, two reflections are proposed in the conclusion: one on the Belgian case with regards to the European context and the other on the current expectations of society.
Gestão de risco: estudo de caso sobre os desafios na implantação e implementação
Authors: Furlan Loana De Moura , Pacheco Anderson Sasaki Vasques
Published: September 2021

Objective: The Public Administration faces the influence of internal and external factors that bring uncertainty regarding the achievement of its objectives. These uncertainties can be called organizational risks, which can be analyzed by the Implementation and its processes. However, these phases have been approached as synonymous, making it difficult to measure the results desired by Risk Management. Thus, this article aims to highlight the difference in implementation and implementation in risk management, as well as to elucidate the challenges faced by the Federal Institute of Santa Catarina in the Risk Management process.Methodology/Approach: This research is classified as a qualitative case study, with information analysis through interviews with the organization's employees and participant observation over three years.Originality/Relevance: The study provides empirical evidence on the distinction between the implementation and implementation stages, as well as their challenges, to improve the studies and execution of Risk Management. Main results: The implementation and its phases were identified, with challenges occurring in both, especially regarding the difficulty of public servants in understanding risk management and its context, the preparation of risk maps, the assignment of roles outside the committee, and the creation of indicators concise.Theoretical-methodological contributions: Institutions need to go beyond standardization and regulation, completing all the steps established in the implementation of Risk Management, subsequently introducing implementation, and institutionalizing their practices in the management processes.
KOLIKO STUDENTI KATOLICI U BIH POZNAJU SVOJU, A KOLIKO RELIGIJU SVOJIH SUSJEDA
Authors: Cvitković Ivan
Published: September 2021

Religijska samoidentifikacija stanovnika Bosne i Hercegovine (popis 2013.). U Bosni i Hercegovini se ne susreću različite religije, već građani s različitim religijskim identitetima. Nakon rata 1991.-1995. trebalo je obnoviti međusobno porušene mostove. Zato je potrebno znanje i o sebi i svom religijskom identitetu, ali i o drugima i njihovim religijskim identitetima. U radu će biti riječi o tome koliko studenti katolici u Bosni i Hercegovini imaju znanja o svojoj religiji (katoličanstvu) i o religiji svojih susjeda (muslimana, pravoslavnih, židova). Da li se više razumijemo ili mrzimo, što se više poznajemo? O uzorku. Kako stoji s religioznošću studenata katolika (vjerska naobrazba; poznavanje abrahamskih religija; poznavanje najrasprostranjenije kršćanske molitve, najpoznatijeg kršćanskog blagdana; poznavanje simbola svoje religije). Analiza podataka o tome koliko studenti katolici poznaju svoju religiju. Može li se religioznost studenata mjeriti odlaskom u crkvu? Posjeduju li Bibliju; je li im poznato kako se nazivaju dva dijela Biblije; vjerovanje u Boga, dušu, zagrobni život, raj … Što znaju o Jeruzalemu, Deset zapovijedi, evanđeljima, franjevcima u BiH, religijskim vođama. Drugi dio rada analizira kako studenti katolici poznaju religiju svojih susjeda: poznavanje židovske religije, islama, pravoslavlja i ostalih religija u BiH. Što studenti katolici misle o ateistima? Pokazatelji (ne)uvažavanja različitosti. Iskustvo života s pripadnicima drugih religija. Kako katolike doživljavaju studenti muslimani, a kako studenti pravoslavci. Zaključak.
Izborni zakon Bosne i Hercegovine i limiti etnonacionalne paradigme
Authors: Mijović Pavle
Published: September 2021

Izborni zakon Bosne i Hercegovine predstavlja, u svojoj specifičnoj pravnoj formi, vjeran odraz općih načela definiranih Daytonskim ustavom koja su i kalcificirala etničku podjelu zemlje. Interdisciplinarni pristup konstitucionalnim odrednicama prisutnim i u izbornom zakonu pokazuje jasne crte političke svijesti koja ga je donijela. Prvi dio članka pokušava rekonstruirati dominantnu političko-društvenu ideju u pozadini izbornog zakona. Izborni zakon Bosne i Hercegovine ogledni je primjer nedovršene konstitucionalne i državne arhitekture, posebice u vidu nedovršenog etnonacionalnog fiksizma te problematike ljudskih prava. Etnonacionalna paradigma, evidentna još od prvih višestranačkih izbora u Bosni i Hercegovini, više od samog izbornog procesa ukazuje na etničko svrstavanja. Stoga će koncept „statističke nacionalizacije“ biti analiziran. Drugi dio članka konfrontira dominantnu ideju izbornog zakona Bosne i Hercegovine s određenim aspektima političke teorije. Ustavna kategorija konstituenata je privilegirana u odnosu na kategoriju „Ostalih“, što predstavlja eklatantan primjer diskriminatorne prakse, koji očekivano, nije u skladu s bilo kojim normativnim dokumentom vezanim za ljudska prava. Čak i iz etnonacionalne perspektive, navedeni Izborni zakon je nedovršen. Nadalje, inherentni limiti konsocijacijskog okvira su analizirani. Treći dio članka analizira ograničenja etno-partitokracija pokazujući kako je u jednom takvom sistemu, individualna perspektiva gotovo nepostojeća. Obrisi kritičke teorije ukazuju na nužnost alteracije određenih društvenih stvarnosti te stvaranja društvenog modele osjetljivog na različitosti ali usmjerenog prema razvijenim demokratskim tekovinama.
Foreign Direct Investment - Domestic Investment Nexus: Evidence from India
Authors: Babu Abraham
Published: September 2021

The relationship between foreign direct investment and domestic investment is intriguing. An important question arises - does foreign direct investment crowd in or crowd out domestic investment? This paper examines this nexus in the post-1991 period in India, which is also considered as the post-reform period. It is during this era; the above-mentioned topic gains more impetus as the economy opened up for further foreign inflows. The time period taken for the paper was from 1990-91 to 2014-15. The data series were checked for stationarity and the presence of long run relationship between foreign direct investment and domestic investment was analysed using cointegration test. Thereafter, the vector error correction model was estimated. The results clearly show that foreign direct investment crowds out domestic investment in India in the post reform period. The findings have significant policy implications because there is a substituting relationship between foreign direct investment and domestic investment in India.
APLICAÇÃO DE REDES NEURAIS CONVOLUCIONAIS NO RECONHECIMENTO DE CARACTERES EM PLACAS INFORMATIVAS JAPONESAS
Authors: Furusho Rafael Yuji Hirata , Silva Francisco Assis da , Almeida Leandro Luiz de , Pereira Danillo Roberto , Pazoti Mário Augusto , Artero Almir Olivette , Piteri Marco Antonio
Published: September 2021

Unlike most Western countries, which have a Latin-derived base alphabet, Japan has two syllabic alphabets called Hiragana and Katakana, and a Chinese alphabet, called Kanji. The vast differences in the writing of these Eastern alphabets to Western alphabets, Western alphabet-based OCR algorithms tend not to efficiently detect Japanese characters. This work contributes to a methodology applying digital image processing techniques, such as color range-based segmentation, edge detection and mathematical morphology techniques, to detect Japanese traffic informationalplates correctly the perspective and segment the characters contained in it. A convolutional neural network wasused to perform the classification of Hiragana characters contained in the segmented plates, withaccuracyof 94.37%.
MAKEMESEE –UMA SOLUÇÃO PARA O AUXÍLIO DE DEFICIENTES VISUAIS
Authors: Ricci Henrique Ramos , Silva Francisco Assis da , Pazoti Mário Augusto
Published: September 2021

Solutions involving artificial intelligence has become increasingly common in the last years because the increase of computer power and emergence of new technologies. These works include many humansneeds, like autonomous cars, segmentation of medical images or financial market predictions. Since accessibility is a very important area and the techniques like artificial intelligence and computer vision can make solutions to help disabled people, this paper is showing an aid that can detect, calculate and narrate obstacles to help visual impairment people. With a hardware compound by two webcams, responsible by to get different images from a scene, and a software that can processing the images, classifying, and detecting the obstacles, the system can informthe user what are ahead.
Buskaki Empresas - Ferramenta para busca de dados abertos de empresas curitibanas
Authors: B. Junior Everton S. , Cavassin Wilian , Kozievitch Nádia P. , Gutierrez Matheus Biscaya
Published: September 2021

A busca de dados de Pessoa Jurídica é um processo relevante para diversas entidades, seja para consultar uma fonte confiável de dados sobre potenciais parceiros de negócios, para estudos relacionados a desenvolvimento urbano ou para simplesmente coletar informações sobre determinada empresa. Neste contexto, este artigo apresenta uma ferramenta para busca de informações de empresas curitibanas que disponibilize outras formas de consulta além do CNPJ, baseada em Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG) e cidades inteligentes. A ferramenta utiliza dados abertos e aplica algoritmos de comparação textual para aumentar a abrangência dos resultados da busca.
Estudo comparativo de plataformas de Deep Learning: Apache Singa, Graphlab e H2O
Authors: Fank Elias Augusto , Schreiner Geomar A. , Duarte Denio
Published: September 2021

Técnicas de Deep learning vêm mostrando avanços em várias tarefas de aprendizado de máquina. Porém a implementação dessas técnicas é muito complexa. Assim, para ajudar na implementação de projetos de Deep Learning, plataformas estão sendo criados. Já existe uma quantidade considerável destas plataformas disponível. Isso acaba trazendo uma dificuldade na escolha de quem procura começar um projeto. Com o objetivo de auxiliar nesta escolha, este trabalho faz um estudo comparativo entre algumas plataformas: Apache Singa, Graphlab e H2O. Experimentos são conduzidos utilizando os conjunto de dados MNIST e KDD Cup 1999. Resultados apontam que as plataformas testadas têm suas vantagens: Graphlab é a mais intuitiva, a Apache Singa oferece mais recursos e H2O obteve os melhores resultados de predição.
Escola Regional de Banco de Dados em 15 edições: Um Levantamento Bibliométrico
Authors: Souza Fernanda M. de , Gasparini Vinícius , Duarte Denio , Schroeder Rebeca
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma análise da produção bibliográfica da Escola Regional de Banco de Dados (ERBD), que em 2019 completou 15 edições. Para tanto, foram coletados os principais metadados dos artigos publicados nestes 15 anos de evento. Dada a inexistência de um repositório que reúna todos estes dados, este trabalho contribui com a construção de um banco de dados com informações de todas as edições do evento. As estatísticas de artigos, autores e colaborações fornecidas por este artigo podem contribuir para o auto-conhecimento desta comunidade e favorecer a reﬂexão de sua evolução.
Uma Análise das Ocorrências de Fogo e Incêndios Florestais no Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina entre 2015 e 2020
Authors: Oliveira Jaevillen F. , Pinto Juliana A. , Costa Daniel A. , Passos Adlla Katarine A. C. , Silva Wanderson B.
Published: September 2021

Incêndios ﬂorestais são considerados catástrofes ambientais e podem ser provocados por ações humanas ou por fatores naturais. A região do Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina (Chapada Diamantina Bahia) está entre as Unidades de Conservação Federais que registram grandes números de focos de incêndios. O estudo desta região, e de uma área circundante de 10km do parque, tem como objetivo identificar possíveis relações entre processos atmosféricos e a quantidade de ocorrências de focos de fogo. Para isso, foi utilizada uma série temporal de 6 anos (2015 2020) e coletados dados disponibilizados pelo INPE e INMET, contendo registros de ocorrências de focos de fogo e dados meteorológicos respectivamente.
Modeling Routing Processes through Network Theory: A Grammar to Define RDEVS Simulation Models
Authors: Blas María J. , Espertino Clarisa , Gonnet Silvio
Published: September 2021

The Routed DEVS (RDEVS) formalism provides a reasonable formalization for the simulation of routing processes. In this paper, we introduce a context-free grammar for the definition of routing processes as a particular case of a constrained network model. Such grammar is based on a metamodel that defines the semantics over the syntactical elements. This metamodel allows a direct mapping between its concepts and RDEVS simulation models. A Java implementation is provided for the grammar as a plug-in for Eclipse IDE. The main benefit of this software tool is the feasibility of getting a simulation model without having programming skills.
Emprego de Simulações Computacionais em Problemas Envolvendo Agricultura: Um Estudo de Mapeamento Sistemático
Authors: Santos Dienefer Fialho dos , Basso Fábio Paulo , Luizelli Marcelo Caggiani , Cabrera Saimon Martins
Published: September 2021

O avanço das tecnologias de redes de sensores sem fio (RSSF) permite monitorar ambientes de forma assistida por software. Entre os vários contextos de emprego, a agricultura inteligente desempenha um papel importante na sociedade, caracterizando um potencial para a realização de estudos aplicados. No entanto, os custos associados aos equipamentos em cenários envolvendo diversos sensores dificultam o exercício da aprendizagem baseada em problemas. Estudos voltados para simulações computacionais têm o potencial de explorar o tema sem tais custos, portanto, um potencial de exploração em disciplinas de aprendizagem baseadas em problemas. A literatura da área carece de uma caracterização do uso de simulações computacionais para problemas envolvendo agricultura. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um estudo de mapeamento sistemático, proporcionando essa caracterização por meio de 35 estudos analisados.
A Proposal for Sharing Software Process Provenance Data in Heterogeneous Environments
Authors: Costa Gabriella , Teixeira Eldânae Nogueira , Werner Cláudia , Braga Regina
Published: September 2021

Software development practices have evolved, and new approaches have emerged, like Global Software Development (GSD). In addition, software development companies started to adopt data-driven practices in parts of their business. However, using and sharing software process data in a distributed and heterogeneous environment, like the GSD context, could be a challenging topic for many software engineers. In this paper, we present a proposal for sharing software process provenance data using a model that extends PROV, the PROV- SwProcess model. An example of applying this model using a process from the industry that deals with error handling and the implementation of new features in an Enterprise Resource Planning system is presented and explains how the model allows sharing software process provenance data, in addition to providing inferences and insights about these data.
Two-Dimensional Materials for Advanced Solar Cells
Authors: Kumar Singh Manoj , V. Shinde Pratik , Singh Pratap , Kumar Tyagi Pawan
Published: September 2021

Inorganic crystalline silicon solar cells account for more than 90% of the market despite a recent surge in research efforts to develop new architectures and materials such as organics and perovskites. The reason why most commercial solar cells are using crystalline silicon as the absorber layer include long-term stability, the abundance of silicone, relatively low manufacturing costs, ability for doping by other elements, and native oxide passivation layer. However, the indirect band gap nature of crystalline silicon makes it a poor light emitter, limiting its solar conversion efficiency. For instance, compared to the extraordinary high light absorption coefficient of perovskites, silicon requires 1000 times more material to absorb the same amount of sunlight. In order to reduce the cost per watt and improve watt per gram utilization of future generations of solar cells, reducing the active absorber thickness is a key design requirement. This is where novel two-dimensional (2d) materials like graphene, MoS2 come into play because they could lead to thinner, lightweight and flexible solar cells. In this chapter, we aim to follow up on the most important and novel developments that have been recently reported on solar cells. Section-2 is devoted to the properties, synthesis techniques of different 2d materials like graphene, TMDs, and perovskites. In the next section-3, various types of photovoltaic cells, 2d Schottky, 2d homojunction, and 2d heterojunction have been described. Systematic development to enhance the PCE with recent techniques has been discussed in section-4. Also, 2d Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite explained briefly. New developments in the field of the solar cell via upconversion and downconversion processes are illustrated and described in section-5. The next section is dedicated to the recent developments and challenges in the fabrication of 2d photovoltaic cells, additionally with various applications. Finally, we will also address future directions yet to be explored for enhancing the performance of solar cells.
Severe Testing and Characterization of Change Points in Climate Time Series
Authors: Ricketts James , Jones Roger
Published: September 2021

This paper applies misspecification (M-S) testing to the detection of abrupt changes in climate regimes as part of undertaking severe testing of climate shifts versus trends. Severe testing, proposed by Mayo and Spanos, provides severity criteria for evaluating statistical inference using probative criteria, requiring tests that would find any flaws present. Applying M-S testing increases the severity of hypothesis testing. We utilize a systematic approach, based on well-founded principles that combines the development of probative criteria with error statistical testing. Given the widespread acceptance of trend-like change in climate, especially temperature, tests that produce counter-examples need proper specification. Reasoning about abrupt shifts embedded within a complex times series requires detection methods sensitive to level changes, accurate in timing, and tolerant of simultaneous changes of trend, variance, autocorrelation, and red-drift, given that many of these measures may shift together. Our preference is to analyse the raw data to avoid pre-emptive assumptions and test the results for robustness. We use a simple detection method, based on the Maronna-Yohai (MY) test, then re-assess nominated shift-points using tests with varied null hypotheses guided by M-S testing. Doing so sharpens conclusions while avoiding an over-reliance on data manipulation, which carries its own assumptions.
Probiotics and Postbiotics from Food to Health: Antimicrobial Experimental Confirmation
Authors: Cheruiyot Kosgey Janet , W. Mwaniki Mercy , Zhang Fengmin
Published: September 2021

The field of probiotics is up-and-coming, especially in management of microbial pathogens. Probiotics confer nutritional benefits, reduce inflammation and infection. Probiotics have also shown to be helpful in the management of microbial pathogens, which include bacteria, fungi, and viruses. To ernes this potential maximumly, there is a need for an elaborate screening system for new isolates. This entails; rigorous screening methods and thorough confirmatory systems. There is need also to come up with standard methods used to evaluate the probiotics mechanism of action both in vivo and in vitro. In summary, there is a need for a standard screening process for probiotic microorganisms that is reproducible. The aim is to ensure that, the candidate microbial cultures are not written off without proper investigations. This will also fasten the screening process and save time and resources wasted in pre-screening experiments.
Promoting meaningful assessment in an overcrowded English First Additional Language Intermediate Phase classroom
Authors: Ntsala Sekanse Abiner
Published: September 2021

This article provides prospects on how English First Additional Language (FAL) teachers working in overcrowded intermediate phase classrooms can assess meaningfully. It is in response to numerous reports that highlight the poor performance in English First Additional Language by South African intermediate learners. Seeing that overcrowdedness has been singled out as one of the possible causes of this reality, this paper integrates overcrowdedness as an important variable. This work, informed by the complexity theory, was steeped in phenomenology as a research design, resulting in the use of the interpretive paradigm. Qualitative research methods were used where interviews and observations provided insight into good practice. Data were analysed mostly thematically, ultimately revealing the significance of assessment tools, the length and weight of assessments, selective approaches to assessments, informal assessments, observations and group assessment. These results illuminated the nonlinearity of the language classroom since other teachers can assess productively despite the number of learners in their classrooms. A notable issue about the insights is that it is rewarding to combine ingenuity and simplicity.
‘Signposting' research stories in doctoral theses: Writing that keeps the reader in mind
Authors: Leshem Shosh , Bitzer Eli
Published: September 2021

One critical component in doctoral theses is having the readers in mind by orienting them to ‘the story of the research’. The candidate might be writing for an audience familiar with the broader content, however, when original material is explained and put in context, exceptional emphasis on clarity might be needed. Readers would therefore appreciate signposts to direct them on their journey through the work. The aim of our study is twofold: Firstly, to identify and briefly reflect on the signposts or links that make thesis texts more reader-friendly and assist the reader in understanding the text. Secondly, we selected and analysed eight completed theses in relation to three of these critical research components that play a pivotal role in creating coherence and cohesiveness in a study: conceptual frameworks, research questions and theoretical perspectives. Our primary sources were eight completed doctoral theses in education from different universities. The analysis of the selected theses identified signposting with varied measures of success: while in some studies the signposting was most helpful, in others it seemed vague, handled clumsily or over-used. The paper should alert candidates and supervisors to ways and means of making their writing more reader-friendly and thus promote their chances of positive examiner impressions.
An Investigation on the One-year Rate of Arteriovenous Fistula Failure and Its Related Factors in Patients with End-stage Renal Disease; an Experience in Golestan Province of Iran
Authors: Esmaeil Mosharafi Fariba , Montazeri Maryam , Amirkhanlou Saeid
Published: September 2021

Background: Aortic arch calcification (AAC) is very common in hemodialysis patients and is associated with cardiovascular events and the incidence of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure. In order to predict the prognosis of patients, a study was conducted to determine the annual failure rate of AVF and its related factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 145 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who were AVF candidates, visiting a referral center in Golestan province of Iran. After the insertion of intravenous arterial fistulas, posterior-anterior chest x-rays were captured, and the grafts were classified by a radiologist. Patients were followed for one year, and the rates of fistula failure (FF) and cardiovascular mortality were recorded. Finally, the data were entered into SPSS 19 software and analyzed by the Chi-square test. Results: Of 112 patients followed up for one year, 56.2% were men. During the one-year follow-up period, 5.3% of the patients developed arteriovenous FF, and this event was more common in men, but the difference was not statistically significant. The majority of the AVF candidates had a history of diabetes and hypertension, but no association was found between the one-year FF rate and these two diseases. Nearly 7.7% of the patients had grade III calcification, but no significant relationship was observed between the AAC grade and AVF failure rate. Conclusions: The rate of one-year FF was higher among ESRD patients with a history of chronic kidney diseases. Our results also demonstrated that the mortality rate is higher in patients with a high degree of AAC and patients with medical history (cardiovascular disease and diabetes).
Problemas com a Justiça. Uma Análise da Argumentação do Livro I da República
Authors: Figueiredo Maria José ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

Considering its structure and purpose, as well as its ending, Republic I can be taken as an elenchtic dialogue. In this article, I analyse its elenchoi, show some deficiencies in Socrates’s refutations and point to the developments Socrates's positions will have in the whole text of the Republic. I also allude, in an additional note, to the recognized inconsistencies of Socrates's definition of justice.
Platão e Aristóteles. Duas Teses sobre a Substância e as Categorías
Authors: Mesquita António Pedro ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

In this article we try to demonstrate two theses concerning both the nature and the object of Aristotelian Metaphysics. These theses are the following: 1 - Substance has not in Aristotle a purely instrumental value: in fact it refers, by its own nature, the whole of those beings which really are, that is, to individuals', 2 -For this reason, Metaphysics, as science of ens qua ens, performs a specific and unique role within Aristotle’s thought (as prima philosophia) and in this role it cannot be replaced by any other science. We argue these theses through previous translation and commentary of Metaphysics Z1. Further discussion will then show how they both assume and implicate the fundamental difference between Plato’s and Aristotle's ontologies.
Mathesis Leibniziana
Authors: Cardoso Adelino ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

Dans cet article, l’auteur éssaie de montrer qu'on trouve chez Leibniz une mathesis, c'est-à-dire une conception du savoir et de l'organisation des savoirs, originale, laquelle est entièrement discernable d’autres mathesis qui ont été proposées par ses contemporains du XVIIe siècle. Du point de vue thématique, l'auteur croit que cette mathésis reçoit son intelligibilité de la relation que Leibniz établit entre la métaphysique et les mathématiques. Sous ce rapport, on constate des vraies transformations dans la pensée de Leibniz, dès le moment où il fait son adhésion au mécanisme (1668) jusqu'à la formulation de sa dernière pensée. Dans cette évolution, la correspondance avec de Volder joue un rôle décisif. La thèse centrale qu'on soutient ici est celle que l'intelligibilité du leibnizianisme se caracterise par l'articulation entre système et architéctonique. Enfin, on soutient que l'individu est pour Leibniz un point architéctonique, par lequel on peut accéder au point de vue adéquat au maximum de notre compréhension du réel.
O Que é a Filosofia?
Authors: Mesquita António Pedro ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

Dans un article précédent, nous avons essayé de réfuter la thèse selon laquelle la philosophie possède une nature essentiellement indéfinissable. En utilisant cette fois une voie positive, nous cherchons d’établir les conditions d’une définition de la philosophie qui contienne organiquement les éléments suivants: d’abord, la philosophie en tant qu’activité et en tant qu’ensemble de problèmes; deuxièmement, la philosophie et sa nature radicalement créatrice; en dernier lieu, l’identification de la philosophie avec un intérêt irréductiblement philosophique de la raison elle-même. Après la présentation philosophique de la définition proposée, il y a lieu a une discussion de ses virtualités pédagogiques.
Cassirer/Heidegger. O Encontro de Davos ou o Debate sobre Kant e a Modernidade
Authors: Peixe Dias Manuel ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

À Davos, 1929, la défense de l'idéal des Lumières, de l'idealisme allemand et surtout de la puissance de l’esprit humain de se transcender en formes symboliques, prend en Cassirer la figure à'ultime combat, la culture c'est, pour l'homme, l'unique forme de dépasser la immédiatité de son existence, c'est à dire, sa finitude. Hegel, après Schiller, l'a bien dit: du calice de ce royaume des esprits s'écoule ju s qu'à lui l' in fin it Mais pour Heidegger, la transcendance de l'homme n'a de sens qu’à partir de la problématique centrale de la philosophie: faire sortir l'homme de lui-même et [de] le reconduire dans le tout de l'étant pour lui rendre manifeste (...) le néant de son destin. C'est bien les débuts de la querelle modernité/postmodernité.
Filosofia e Estilo Literário em Heidegger e em Platão. Um Exemplo
Authors: Borges-Duarte Irene ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

Die Frage nach dem inneren Bezug zwischen den philosophischen Gehalt eines Gedankens und die Form oder Stil, wodurch er zum Ausdruck gebracht wird, wird hier mit der Hilfe eines Beispiels thematisiert: Heideggers unz eitgemässe Einübung des platonischen Dialog-Stils (bei der Feldweg-Gespräche). Auch wenn eine äussere Explikation dafür gefunden werden kann, nur ein im Innerste des heideggerschen Denkens gewürzeltes Motiv kann ein solchen Gebrauch verstandlich machen: der Versuch mit dem in der metaphysischen Tradition ungedachten Seyn gestimmt zu bleiben, ihm sein neuen "grossen Stil" zu verschaffen.
A Estrutura Triádica da Filosofia de M. Blondel (o Trinitarismo Blondeliano)
Authors: Neves M. Patrão ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

The present work intends to show that Maurice Blondel's philosophy follows a triadic structure made up by the undissociable bond between thought, being and action, which is not just the resuit of the evolution achieved in the Trilogy but that was already present since L'Action (1893). Firstly we briefly outline the itinerary from L'Action (1893) to the Trilogy, underlining the continuity that Blondel ascribes to his progress coming later to make evident the unity of his philosophical project. Secondly we will consider the aspects revealing a triadic structure in the philosophy of action: the sense of action as mediation, the dialectics of action and the logic of action. Finally we will show how blondelian philosophy, in its characteristic structure, corresponds, quoting the author, to an "unitarian trinity".
A Questão da Síntese na Génese do Idealismo Alemão, Partindo do seu nais Antigo Programa
Authors: do Carmo Ferreira Manuel J. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

La synthèse est la question cruciale qui met en marche la perspectivation transcendentale de Kant - une logique de la synthèse - dont les apories, qui se manifestent clairement dès 1789, ont déclenché la naissance de l’Idéalisme Allemand. Celui-ci poursuivra, dans de différentes directions, le but de les intégrer et de les résoudre de façon systématique. Le plus ancien Programme... condense l'effervescence productive autour du thème et resserre les motifs directeurs des positions de Hölderlin, de Hegel et de Schelling - auteurs qui se rejoignent dans l'affirmation de la nature dialectique de la synthèse paradigmatique de l'identité et de la différence. Ils élèvent la catégorie de la relation à concept nucléaire d'une philosophie de l'esprit, axe d'une résolution polysémique du problème de la synthèse.
Middle Permian ostracods (Crustacea) from the Guadalupe Mountains, West Texas, USA
Authors: Tarnac Anaëlle , Forel Marie-Béatrice , Nestell Galina , Nestell Merlynd , Crasquin Sylvie
Published: September 2021

Middle Permian (Guadalupian) ostracods are described from the Williams Ranch Member of the Cutoff Formation (Roadian) and the McKittrick Canyon Member of the Bell Canyon Formation (Capitanian) from two sections exposed in Culberson County, Guadalupe Mountains, West Texas. Their taxonomy is discussed and adds to the scientific understanding of marine ostracod biodiversity and palaeobiogeography during the Middle Permian. Ostracod assemblages are represented by 51 species of 26 genera and 15 families. Eleven species are newly described: Healdia mckittrickensis Crasquin sp. nov., Healdia cutoffella Crasquin sp. nov., Aurikirkbya guadalupensis Crasquin sp. nov., Hollinella (Hollinella) williamsranchensis Crasquin sp. nov., Geisina culbersonensis Crasquin sp. nov., Paraparchites pecosensis Crasquin sp. nov., Bairdia elcapitanensis Forel sp. nov., Ceratobairdia mescaleroella Forel sp. nov., Ceratobairdia sexagintaduella Forel sp. nov., Ceratobairdia pratti Forel sp. nov., and Denticupachydomella bellcanyonensis Forel sp. nov. The diagnosis of the genus Denticupachydomella is emended. The palaeobiogeographic distribution of the species is analyzed and exemplifies the taxon exchanges between Tethyan and Panthalassic localities in the Permian. The eastern margin of the Palaeo-Tethyan realm is shown to have played a major role in radiation of taxa in the Permian.
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Survival in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Receiving Fluoropyrimidine-Based Chemotherapy
Authors: Kichenadasse Ganessan , Miners John O. , Mangoni Arduino A. , Karapetis Christos S. , Hopkins Ashley M. , Sorich Michael J.
Published: September 2021

Background: Concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may negatively affect the efficacy of anticancer drugs such as fluoropyrimidines in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The primary objective of this study was to assess whether there is an association between concomitant PPI use and survival outcomes in patients with CRC treated with a fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: A secondary analysis of 6 randomized controlled clinical trials in patients with advanced CRC was conducted using individual patient data through data-sharing platforms. The outcome measures were progression-free survival and overall survival in PPI users and nonusers. Subgroup analysis included the type of chemotherapy, capecitabine versus 5-FU, line of therapy, and addition of a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor. Overall pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a random effects model. Results: A total of 5,594 patients with advanced CRC across 6 trials and 11 trial arms were included; 902 patients were receiving a PPI at trial entry and initiation of chemotherapy. PPI use was significantly associated with worse overall survival (pooled HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.03–1.40; P=.02; I2 for heterogeneity = 69%) and progression-free survival (overall pooled HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05–1.37; P=.009; I2 = 65%) after adjusting for clinical covariates. Furthermore, the association between concomitant PPI use and survival outcomes was similar across most treatment subgroups. Conclusions: We speculate that alterations in the gut microbiome, altered immune milieu within the tumor, and interactions through transporters are potential mechanisms behind this association between PPI use and chemotherapy in patients with CRC, which warrant further study. Concomitant use of PPIs is associated with worse survival outcomes in patients with CRC treated with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. Clinicians should cautiously consider the concomitant use of PPIs in such patients.