bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Atlas of Microfacies in Carboniferous Carbonates of the Canadian Cordillera
Authors: Mamet B L
Published: December 2015

Ninety-five plates of typical foraminiferal and algal assemblages are presented for the "Exshaw," Banff, Pekisko, Shunda, Turner Valley, Livingstone, Mount Head, Etheri ngton, Debolt, Peratro - vich?, Nizi, Prophet, Besa River, Flett, Hart River, Ettrain, Alapah,
and Wahoo Formations of the Canadian Cordillera (Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon Territory). Nineteen assemblage zones ranging from Tournaisian to Moscovian, and nine major carbonate platform environments with twelve biotic assemblages are described and illustrated.
The Jurassic faunas of the Canadian Arctic, Lower Jurassic Ammonites, biostratigraphy and correlations
Authors: Frebold H
Published: December 2015

A number of ammonite genera and species previously unknown in the Lower Jurassic beds of the Cana di an Arc tic are described in this report. These are: Psiloceratinae? (possibly Hettangian), Charmasseiceras and Coroniceras (Primarietites) (Bucklandi Zone of the
Lower Sinemurian), Gleviceras plauchuti Frebold sp. nov. (Oxynotum Zone of the Upper Sinemurian), Echioceras ak/avikense Frebold sp. nov. and Echioceras arcticm Frebold sp. nov. (Raricoslatum Zone of the Upper Sinemurian), Amalrhem stokesi ( J. Sowe rby) (Margaritalus Zone of the Upper
Pliensbachian), Hi/daires sp. indet. (Falcifer Subzone of the Lower Toarcian), and Zugodacrylites cf. braunianus (d'Orbigny) (Braunianus Subzone of the Middle Toarcian). The generic posit ion of some previously described ammonites is revised: the Late Toarcian species Peronoceras spinatum (Frebo ld)
and P. po/are (Frebold) were assigned formerly to Catacoeloceras Buckman. The sequence of Lower Jurassic ammonites in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago is now more complete. Moreover, it is virtually identical to that in the Richardson and British Mountains and in northern Alaska. In addition, the
principal gaps in the sequences of the three compared areas (Lower Pliensbachian and upper part of Upper Toarcian) are the same. There are also close similarities to the sequence in northeastern Russia.
The Brachiopod Warrenella in the Lower and Middle Devonian formations of northwestern Canada
Authors: Ludvigsen R , Perry D G
Published: December 2015

A new species is described, based on a single specimen obtained from etching Wenlockian limestones of the Cape Phillips Formation from Baillie Hamilton Island.
Stratigraphy and correlation of Lower Paleozoic formations, subsurface of Cornwallis, Devon, Somerset, and Russell islands, Canadian Arctic Archipelago
Authors: Mayr U
Published: December 2015

Five wells in the south-central part of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago are correlated with each other and with selected surface sections on the basis of lithology and contained micro- and macrofaunas. The wells penetrate a combined section ranging in age from
Late Cambrian to Early Devonian. The lower part of the Cornwallis Central Dome well yielded Late Cambrian trilobites and is correlated with the Parrish Glacier Formation of the Franklinian Geosyncline and is equivalent in age to part of the Gallery Formation of the Arctic Platform. The Late Cambrian
hiatus in the Arctic Archipelago is less extensive than hitherto presumed. The Turner Cliffs Formation in the basal part of the Garnier well yielded Early Ordovician conodonts and, thus, is equivalent to the Copes Bay Formation. The Cornwallis Group and lower part of the Allen Bay Formation of the
Cornwallis Resolute Bay well are traced to northeastern Somerset Island and Brodeur Peninsula and there can be recognized as subdivisions of the Baillarge Formation. The Cape Crauford Formation is correlated with the upper part of the Allen Bay Formation. The lower member of the Cape Storm Formation
is present in the Devon well only, and it is a facies equivalent of the upper part of the Allen Bay Formation. The upper member of the Cape Storm Formation is a regionally persistent unit and is present in wells on Devon, Russell, and Somerset Islands. The new ly named Drake Bay Formation has its
type section in the Russell Island well and consists of dolomite and silty and argillaceous limestone. It is of Late Silurian and Early Devonian (Pridolian to Siegenian) ages and is correlated with the Peel Sound and Read Bay Formations. The sequence penetrated by the wells was deposited on the
Arctic Platform and the shelf of the Franklinian Geosyncline. During Late Cambrian and most of Ordovician times, the geosynclinal shelf subsided faster than the platform, resulting in a significantly thicker sediment column in the shelf area. Sedimentation on the platform was modified by several
uplifts, including the Boothia Uplift and the Melville Arch. This latter feature is centred on Brodeur Peninsula. During Ashgillian and Silurian times, sedimentation on the Arctic Platform and the Franklinian shelf was relatively uniform. Differences in thickness are minor. The laterally diminishing
influence of open water onto the platform is reflected in the different carbonate facies.
Early Ordovician (Late Arenig) brachiopods from Virgin Arm, New World Island, Newfoundland
Authors: Neuman R B
Published: December 2015

Fossiliferous volcaniclastic beds among extrusive rocks of the Middle volcanic unit of the Summerford Group at four places on New World Island indicate marine environments from beneath the euphotic zone to very shallow water around volcanic islands in the
Proto-Atlantic Ocean. Of the 27 brachiopod species from calcareous tuff at Virgin Arm, six are placed in new genera, one each in new species of Atelelasma and Ahtiella, and others are assigned with varying degrees of confidence to established genera of the Baltic and Scoto-Appalachian biogeographic
provinces. Comparison is closest with the late Arenig brachiopods of Anglesey, northwestern Wales, suggesting extension of the Celtic biogeographic province to include such peri-insular occurrences.
Sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Mesoproterozoic Elwin Subgroup (Aqigilik and Sinasiuvik formations), uppermost Bylot Supergroup, Borden Rift Basin, northern Baffin Island
Authors: Knight R D , Jackson G D
Published: December 2015

The Elwin Formation of the Mesoproterozoic Nunatsiaq Group is renamed Elwin Subgroup with two intergradational formations of similar thickness named Aqigilik and the overlying Sinasiuvik. The Elwin Subgroup marks an abrupt change in basin dynamics from regional
faulting, which accompanied deposition of immediately underlying rocks during closing of the Mesoproterozoic Poseidon Ocean, to regional warping of a mature stable shelf. Strata consist of at least 890 m of unmetamorphosed laminated to thick bedded and massive, varicoloured sandstones, siltstones,
shales, and minor carbonate rocks. The Aqigilik Formation contains five members and the Sinasiuvik, three. Subdivision is based on the arrangement of lithofacies that represent: 1)braidplain, 2) shoreface, 3) backshore-lagoon, and 4) shallow shelf environments. Basal Aqigilik Formation shallow
marine deposits underlie a northeast prograding tongue of sheetflood-dominated, braidplain deposits. The braidplain grades laterally into, and is overlain by intertidal deposits, succeeded by backshore and lagoonal, and by shallow-shelf and shoreline deposits. Paleocurrents indicate west to
southwest sources. Sinasiuvik strata were deposited on a siliciclastic shelf of a subsiding basin. Each member of the formation consists of a fining- and thinning-upwards transgressive cycle capped by a thicker coarsening- and thickening-upwards shoaling cycle. These members reflect overall
deepening and stabilization of the shelf. Paleocurrent directions range from east (base) to northwest (top) and indicate a more northerly transport direction in comparison to the Aqigilik Formation directions. A semi-arid to arid climate is indicated by the presence of evaporite mineral
pseudomorphs, ephemeral stream deposits, and stromatolitic dolostones. Paleomagnetic data suggest deposition in a northern tropical region.
Ground ice volumes determined from shallow cores from western Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island, Northwest Territories
Authors: Hodgson D A , Nixon F M
Published: December 2015

A mean ice content of 53 per cent was estimated for 152 boreholes drilled to depths of 1 to 8 m on Fosheim Peninsula. Visual estimates were supplemented with a few laboratory measurements. Cores were obtained from raised marine sediments, weathered clastic
rock, till, and peat. The majority of boreholes were in clay- to sand-sized Holocene marine-deltaic deposits (64 per cent ice); one third of these boreholes were in frost-fissure troughs (84 per cent ice). Frost fissures occupy 25 per cent by volume of the upper 2 m of marine fines. Polygon
centres were underlain by 47 per cent ice, which included some massive ice lying between marine veneer and shale. For weathered rock (38 per cent ice), the finer material was generally more icy than the coarse, except for some clay shale showing no visible ice. No difference was observed in ice
content of rock above and below marine limit. Sites disturbed by compaction or scraping were depressed by thaw of ice-wedge tops and other segregated ice. Generally, if the frost table was lowered, then liquefaction of fine grained sediments would occur.
Summertime sources of dimethyl sulfide in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Baffin Bay
Authors: Mungall E. L. , Croft B. , Lizotte M. , Thomas J. L. , Murphy J. G. , Levasseur M. , Martin R. V. , Wentzell J. J. B. , Liggio J. , Abbatt J. P. D.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) plays a major role in the global sulfur cycle. In addition, its atmospheric oxidation products contribute to the formation and growth of atmospheric aerosol particles, thereby influencing cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) populations and thus cloud formation. The pristine summertime Arctic atmosphere is a CCN-limited regime, and is thus very susceptible to the influence of DMS. However, atmospheric DMS mixing ratios have only rarely been measured in the summertime Arctic. During July–August 2014, we conducted the first high time resolution (10 Hz) DMS mixing ratio measurements for the Eastern Canadian Archipelago and Baffin Bay as one component of the Network on Climate and Aerosols: Addressing Key Uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments (NETCARE). DMS mixing ratios ranged from below the detection limit of 4 to 1155 pptv (median 186 pptv). A set of transfer velocity parameterizations from the literature coupled with our atmospheric and coincident seawater DMS measurements yielded air-sea DMS flux estimates ranging from 0.02–12 μmol m−2 d−1, the first published for this region in summer. Airmass trajectory analysis using FLEXPART-WRF and chemical transport modeling using GEOS-Chem indicated that local sources (Lancaster Sound and Baffin Bay) were the dominant contributors to the DMS measured along the 21 day ship track, with episodic transport from the Hudson Bay System. After adjusting GEOS-Chem oceanic DMS values in the region to match measurements, GEOS-Chem reproduced the major features of the measured time series, but remained biased low overall (median 67 pptv). We investigated non-marine sources that might contribute to this bias, such as DMS emissions from lakes, biomass burning, melt ponds and coastal tundra. While the local marine sources of DMS dominated overall, our results suggest that non-local and possibly non-marine sources episodically contributed strongly to the observed summertime Arctic DMS mixing ratios.
Validation of MIPAS IMK/IAA methane profiles
Authors: Laeng A. , Plieninger J. , von Clarmann T. , Grabowski U. , Stiller G. , Eckert E. , Glatthor N. , Haenel F. , Kellmann S. , Kiefer M. , Linden A. , Lossow S. , Deaver L. , Engel A. , Hervig M. , Levin I. , McHugh M. , Noël S. , Toon G. , Walker K.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) is an infrared (IR) limb emission spectrometer on the Envisat platform. It measures trace gas distributions during day and night, pole-to-pole, over an altitude range from 6 to 70 km in nominal mode and up to 170 km in special modes, depending on the measurement mode, producing more than 1000 profiles day−1. We present the results of a validation study of methane, version V5R_CH4_222, retrieved with the IMK/IAA (Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Karlsruhe/Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia, Grenada) MIPAS scientific level 2 processor. The level 1 spectra are provided by the ESA (European Space Agency) and version 5 was used. The time period covered is 2005–2012, which corresponds to the period when MIPAS measured trace gas distributions at a reduced spectral resolution of 0.0625 cm−1. The comparison with satellite instruments includes the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS), the HALogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE), the Solar Occultation For Ice Experiment (SOFIE) and the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY). Furthermore, comparisons with MkIV balloon-borne solar occultation measurements and with air sampling measurements performed by the University of Frankfurt are presented. The validation activities include bias determination, assessment of stability, precision validation, analysis of histograms and comparison of corresponding climatologies. Above 50 km altitude, MIPAS methane mixing ratios agree within 3 % with ACE-FTS and SOFIE. Between 30 and 40 km an agreement within 3 % with SCIAMACHY has been found. In the middle stratosphere, there is no clear indication of a MIPAS bias since comparisons with various instruments contradict each other. In the lower stratosphere (below 25 km) MIPAS CH4 is biased high with respect to satellite instruments, and the most likely estimate of this bias is 14 %. However, in the comparison with CH4 data obtained from cryogenic whole-air sampler (cryosampler) measurements, there is no evidence of a high bias in MIPAS between 20 and 25 km altitude. Precision validation is performed on collocated MIPAS–MIPAS pairs and suggests a slight underestimation of its uncertainties by a factor of 1.2. No significant evidence of an instrumental drift has been found.
Autoregressive spatially varying coefficients model for predicting daily PM2.5 using VIIRS satellite AOT
Authors: Schliep E. M. , Gelfand A. E. , Holland D. M.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. There is considerable demand for accurate air quality information in human health analyses. The sparsity of ground monitoring stations across the United States motivates the need for advanced statistical models to predict air quality metrics, such as PM2.5, at unobserved sites. Remote sensing technologies have the potential to expand our knowledge of PM2.5 spatial patterns beyond what we can predict from current PM2.5 monitoring networks. Data from satellites have an additional advantage in not requiring extensive emission inventories necessary for most atmospheric models that have been used in earlier data fusion models for air pollution. Statistical models combining monitoring station data with satellite-obtained aerosol optical thickness (AOT), also referred to as aerosol optical depth (AOD), have been proposed in the literature with varying levels of success in predicting PM2.5. The benefit of using AOT is that satellites provide complete gridded spatial coverage. However, the challenges involved with using it in fusion models are (1) the correlation between the two data sources varies both in time and in space, (2) the data sources are temporally and spatially misaligned, and (3) there is extensive missingness in the monitoring data and also in the satellite data due to cloud cover. We propose a hierarchical autoregressive spatially varying coefficients model to jointly model the two data sources, which addresses the foregoing challenges. Additionally, we offer formal model comparison for competing models in terms of model fit and out of sample prediction of PM2.5. The models are applied to daily observations of PM2.5 and AOT in the summer months of 2013 across the conterminous United States. Most notably, during this time period, we find small in-sample improvement incorporating AOT into our autoregressive model but little out-of-sample predictive improvement.
An objective prior error quantification for regional atmospheric inverse applications
Authors: Kountouris P. , Gerbig C. , Totsche K.-U. , Dolman A. J. , Meesters A. G. C. A. , Broquet G. , Maignan F. , Gioli B. , Montagnani L. , Helfter C.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Assigning proper prior uncertainties for inverse modelling of CO2 is of high importance, both to regularise the otherwise ill-constrained inverse problem and to quantitatively characterise the magnitude and structure of the error between prior and "true" flux. We use surface fluxes derived from three biosphere models – VPRM, ORCHIDEE, and 5PM – and compare them against daily averaged fluxes from 53 eddy covariance sites across Europe for the year 2007 and against repeated aircraft flux measurements encompassing spatial transects. In addition we create synthetic observations using modelled fluxes instead of the observed ones to explore the potential to infer prior uncertainties from model–model residuals. To ensure the realism of the synthetic data analysis, a random measurement noise was added to the modelled tower fluxes which were used as reference. The temporal autocorrelation time for tower model–data residuals was found to be around 30 days for both VPRM and ORCHIDEE but significantly different for the 5PM model with 70 days. This difference is caused by a few sites with large biases between the data and the 5PM model. The spatial correlation of the model–data residuals for all models was found to be very short, up to few tens of kilometres but with uncertainties up to 100 % of this estimation. Propagating this error structure to annual continental scale yields an uncertainty of 0.06 Gt C and strongly underestimates uncertainties typically used from atmospheric inversion systems, revealing another potential source of errors. Long spatial e-folding correlation lengths up to several hundreds of kilometres were determined when synthetic data were used. Results from repeated aircraft transects in south-western France are consistent with those obtained from the tower sites in terms of spatial autocorrelation (35 km on average) while temporal autocorrelation is markedly lower (13 days). Our findings suggest that the different prior models have a common temporal error structure. Separating the analysis of the statistics for the model data residuals by seasons did not result in any significant differences of the spatial e-folding correlation lengths.
The yearly amount and characteristics of deep-buried phreatic evaporation in hyper-arid areas
Authors: Li H. , Wang W. , Zhan H. , Qiu F. , Wu F. , Zhang G.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Water scarcity is the primary cause of land deterioration, so finding new available water resources is crucial to ecological restoration. We investigated a hyper-arid Gobi location in the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in this work wherein the burial depth of phreatic water is over 200 m. An air-conditioner was used in a closed greenhouse to condense and measure the yearly amount of phreatic evaporation (PE) from 2010 to 2015. The results show that the annual quantity of PE is 4.52 mm, and that the PE has sinusoidal characteristics. The average PE is 0.0183 mm d-1 from March to November. Accordingly, by monitoring the annual changes in soil–air temperature and humidity to a depth of 5.0 m, we analyzed the water migration mechanism in the heterothermozone (subsurface zone of variable temperature). The results show that, from March to November, the temperature and absolute humidity (AH) increase. This is due to the flow of solar heat entering the soil – the soil subsequently releases moisture and the soil is in a state of increasing AH so that evaporation occurs. From November to March, the temperature decreases. Now, the soil absorbs water vapor and AH is in a state of decline. Thus, it is temperature alternation in the heterothermozone – due to solar heat transfer – that provides the main driving power for PE. When it drives water vapor to move downwards in the heterothermozone, a small part is reversed upwards and evaporates. Solar radiation intensity dominates the annual sinusoidal PE characteristics.
Which are the highest peaks in the US Arctic? Fodar settles the debate
Authors: Nolan M. , DesLauriers K.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. While creation of the United States Geological Survey's topographic maps of the eastern Alaska Arctic were an outstanding accomplishment for their time, they nonetheless contained significant errors when made in the late 1950s. One notable discrepancy relates to the tallest peak in the US Arctic: USGS maps of different scale alternate between Mt Chamberlin and Mt Isto. Given that many of the peaks here are close in height and covered with glaciers, recent climate change may also have changed their height and their order. We resolved these questions using fodar, a new airborne photogrammetric technique that utilizes Structure-from-Motion (SfM) software and requires no ground control, and validated it using GPS measurements on the peaks and using airborne lidar. Here we show that Mt Chamberlin is currently the 3rd tallest peak and that the order and elevations of the five tallest mountains in the US Arctic are Mt Isto (2735.6 m), Mt. Hubley (2717.6 m), Mt. Chamberlin (2712.3 m), Mt. Michelson (2698.1 m), and an unnamed peak (2694.9 m); these orthometric heights relative to the NAVD88 vertical datum, established with use of GEOID12B. We find that it is indeed plausible that this ranking has changed over time and may continue to change as summit glaciers continue to shrink, though Mt Isto will remain the highest under current climate trends. Mt Isto is also over 100 m higher than the highest peak in the Canadian Arctic, making it the highest peak in the North American Arctic. Fodar elevations compared to within a few centimeters of our ground-based GPS measurements of the peaks made a few days later and our complete validation assessment indicates a measurement uncertainty of better than ±20 cm (95 % RMSE). By analyzing time-series of fodar maps, we were able to detect topographic change on the centimeter-level on these steep slopes, indicating that fodar can be used to measure mountain snow packs for water resource availability or avalanche danger, to measure glacier volume change and slope subsidence, and many other applications of benefit to society. Compared to lidar, the current state-of-the-art in airborne topographic mapping, we found this SfM technique as accurate, more scientifically useful, and significantly less expensive, suggesting that fodar is a disruptive innovation that will enjoy widespread usage in the future.
Temor, silencio y deliberación: la inhibición de la opinión en Tucídides
Authors: Sancho Rocher Laura
Published: December 2015

Tucídides es una de nuestras mejores fuentes de información para conocer la práctica argumentativa de la deliberación democrática. En este trabajo se analiza uno de los vicios que, según el historiador, haría su aparición en la escena política ateniense a la muerte de Pericles: la instrumentalización del miedo para obtener la victoria momentánea en la asamblea. El temor prudente, que fuera una arma periclea para conducir la deliberación racional en aras del bien común, habría desaparecido siendo sustituido por el amedrentamiento del rival, la calumnia, el obstruccionismo y la parálisis de la confrontación dialéctica. Instauradas en la ciudad la desconfianza y la sospecha de ocultación, los golpistas del 411 hallaron el terreno abonado para callar las voces contrarias y, gracias al silencio, instaurar el terror.
Los emigrantes en las áreas mineras y las ciudades de Hispania: religión, identidades y difusión cultural
Authors: Olivares Pedreño Juan Carlos
Published: December 2015

En el presente artículo analizamos los desplazamientos de cultos indígenas hispanos desde distintas áreas de la Península Ibérica hacia los principales lugares de inmigración en Hispania: las áreas mineras y las ciudades. Proponemos que estos grupos de emigrantes rendían culto en su nueva residencia a las deidades que veneraban en sus regiones de procedencia como un medio de preservar su cohesión social y su identidad cultural. La dureza de la vida laboral en las áreas mineras reforzaba la necesidad de fortalecer los lazos culturales.
El orgullo del compatriota. Discurso, ideología y nacionalismo banal en "El País"
Authors: Carrión López Jorge
Published: December 2015

Este estudio presenta un análisis sociológico de discurso del diario El País a través del cual se pretende explicar el caso de lo que hemos venido a llamar el “orgullo del compatriota”, es decir, la exportación de la identidad nacional más allá de las fronteras estatales y el sentimiento de orgullo que se pretende reproducir a través de estas informaciones en cada país -en este caso España-. Esto se realiza mediante los diversos útiles teóricos que ofrece Michael Billig en su concepto de “nacionalismo banal”, así como diferentes conceptos de análisis del discurso y de la retórica. Lo que este estudio pretende enriquecer es la tarea que se le supone al sociólogo: romper con el sentido común para extraer del olvido las prácticas invisibilizadas.
Orientación al mercado y tipología de las cooperativas agroalimentarias en base a la competitividad. Caso-estudio de las citrícolas españolas
Authors: Lajara-Camilleri Natalia , Server Izquierdo Ricardo J.
Published: December 2015

La globalización ha recrudecido más si cabe la competencia en los mercados y las empresas deben afianzar y mejorar su posición competitiva para asegurar la supervivencia. Para ello resulta vital, entre otras cuestiones, velar por los intereses de los inversores al tiempo que cuidan de sus clientes. Las cooperativas sufren una coyuntura semejante respecto a sus socios y el mercado, es decir respecto a sus clientes internos (socios) y externos (mercado). El enfoque de las actividades y la estrategia de la cooperativa frente a esta dualidad determina su grado de orientación al mercado.Los estudios relacionados con la orientación al mercado en cooperativas son escasos en comparación con otras formas empresariales y han estado normalmente centrados en la figura de las cooperativas de segundo grado y circunscritos a sectores muy específicos.El sector citrícola español es uno de los más dinámicos y desarrollados del panorama productivo agrario. Su extensa experiencia comercial tanto a nivel doméstico como internacional confiere un carácter diferenciador a las entidades que operan en este subsector. Este trabajo analiza la posición de las cooperativas citrícolas españolas en relación a la orientación al mercado así como los factores de gestión y estrategia que están relacionadoscon ella. Para ello se utiliza una escala MARKOR, validada en estudios anteriores, sobre una muestra de 45 cooperativas.Se establece además una tipología de cooperativas citrícolas en base a los factores de competitividad que permiten ahondar en el conocimiento que existe sobre esta cuestión en entidades de economía social. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto un elevado grado de relación entre la innovación, el perfil del empresario y el conocimiento del entorno en relación con el grado de orientación al mercado.
The Ecological Implications of Martin Buber's Zionism: The Myth of Zion in Martin Buber's Thought
Authors: Breslauer S. Daniel
Published: December 2015

Several theories about Jewish ethical reflection and ecological ethics compete for attention. Some theorists do utilize Martin Buber's thinking, both his general philosophy and his specific writings about Zion. Looking at Buber's approach to Zion as a myth helps focus his thinking, particularly in relationship to the diverse views in current Jewish thought. This paper examines Buber's view of myth, his discussion of the myth of Zion, and the implications of this mythic approach to ecological ethics.
Impact of Using CALL on Iranian EFL Learners' Vocabulary Knowledge
Authors: Yunus Melor Md , Salehi Hadi , Amini Mahdi
Published: December 2015

Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) integration in EFL contexts has intensified noticeably in recent years. This integration might be in different ways and for different purposes such as vocabulary acquisition, grammar learning, phonology, writing skills etc. More explicitly, this study is an attempt to explore the effect of using CALL on vocabulary acquisition of EFL learners. It also discusses CALL applications for vocabulary instruction and searches for efficient methods to integrate CALL in vocabulary acquisition. For the discussion, it reviews the results of previous international and Iranian studies on CALL integration in vocabulary instruction to illustrate the state of research in this field. Based on the literature review, it is proposed that further research is required to find out the influences of CALL on different facets of vocabulary knowledge. At the end, some pedagogical implications have been offered for EFL teachers and learners.
Capital Structure and Firms’ Performance: Evidence from Vietnam’s Stock Exchange
Authors: Nguyen Tristan , Nguyen Huy-Cuong
Published: December 2015

Our paper examines what impact capital structure has on firms’ performance in selected firms listed on HCMC Stock Exchange. The data is collected from 147 listed companies during the period from 2006 to 2014. The study not only checks the impact the level of leverage has on firms’ performance, which is found to be negative in this study, but it also uses the short-term and long-term debt ratios to see the effect of debt maturity. However, there is no difference whether it is short-term or long-term. Tangibility is found to be negative with a very high proportion on average. With the suggestion that companies might invest too much in fixed assets and there is a lack of efficiency, this could be the alert for firms to improve their management process. Size and growth are found to be positive, since larger firms have lower costs of bankruptcy and higher growth rates associate with higher performance. Moreover, the study also adds the effects of industry and macroeconomics, and the result shows a correlation between the two factors and firms’ performance.
Agriculture Credit in Developing Economies: A Review of Relevant Literature
Authors: Yadav Priyanka , Sharma Anil K.
Published: December 2015

This paper aims to present a comprehensive review of 110 studies on agriculture credit in developing countries during 1995 to 2015. The literature has been classified and presented on the basis of time period, country of study, methodology used, issues covered, and sources of study. Agriculture credit has gained interest of policy makers and researchers in developing economies in recent years with raising concerns of issues like food security and rising population. However, the situation of small and marginal farmers is still vulnerable and they lack timely and adequate access to institutional sources of finance. Non-institutional sources of credit are still dominant in rural credit markets; while the role of micro-finance appears dubious. This study will prove helpful for policy makers and future researchers who wish to study diverse issues in rural finance in general and agriculture credit in particular.
Resolving a Teacher-Student Conflict: An Intrinsic Case Study
Authors: Isaacson Atara
Published: December 2015

This article presents an episode that occurred during a semester-long academic course called: Conduct Problems and Class Navigation. It focuses on investigating the behavior of a student who, because of her uniqueness, was an interesting candidate for an intrinsic case study. This paper presents a distinctive way of handling an interfering and disruptive student in an academic course at the university. The description of the case takes the reader on a narrative journey and demonstrates a solution for the inappropriate behavior. The lecturer’s persistent and consistent use of the bypass procedure demonstrates an on-site application of a teaching tool and her response influenced the student’s behavior and achievement. This also caused the other students to be aware of basic rules concerning class conduct.

The lecturer’s conduct in this case can contribute to beneficial conduct during academic teaching. The novelty here is in the lecturer’s modeling approach, which allows students to experience firsthand, a way of disciplinary problem solving which they can use with their future students.
Skryté kurikulum, žité příběhy. Narativy studentů učitelství o škole
Authors: Lojdová Kateřina
Published: December 2015

Empirická studie je věnována skrytému kurikulu v příbězích o zkušenostech studentů učitelství se školou. Výsledkem narativní analýzy 88 studentských vyprávění je identifikace dvou typů skrytého kurikula. Kritériem pro typologii je to, zda se skryté kurikulum utváří mezi aktéry na různých sociálních pozicích ve škole, mezi kterými je hierarchický vztah, nebo mezi aktéry na stejných sociálních pozicích ve škole, mezi kterými je vztah nehierarchický. První typ je označen jako vertikální skryté kurikulum a utváří se mezi aktéry na odlišných sociálních pozicích ve škole, tedy nejčastěji mezi učiteli a žáky. Vertikální skryté kurikulum odhaluje konflikty mezi žáky a školou, které se objevují zejména v hodnotové rovině, dále pak rituály, kterými škola hodnoty prosazuje, s tím související podobu moci školy a rezistence žáků vůči této moci. V neposlední řadě je součástí vertikálního skrytého kurikula také bezmoc školy, a to v situacích, kdy mají žáci ve škole mocenskou převahu. Druhý typ skrytého kurikula je označen jako horizontální skryté kurikulum a vztahuje se k aktérům na stejných sociálních pozicích, tedy k žákovskému kolektivu. Opět se týká zejména hodnot, které se žáci ve škole učí, tentokrát však ve třídním kolektivu. Dochází zde k vzájemnému vyjednávání identit žáků. V neposlední řadě je zachyceno, jak do žákovských vztahů zasahují učitelé, kteří tak proměňují obsah horizontálního skrytého kurikula. Závěrem je diskutován význam zkušeností ze skrytého kurikula v průběhu povinné školní docházky pro budoucí učitele.
Pedagogika a paradigmatický obrat v metodologii a teorii
Authors: Šíp Radim
Published: December 2015

Příspěvek popisuje paradigmatický obrat, který pozměňuje raně moderní východiska vědy. Opouští objektivistický realismus a korespondenční teorii pravdy a poznání. V textu autor představuje pragmatistickou teorii poznání (Dewey) a závěry pozdní fenomenologie (Merleau-Ponty, Barbaras, Ricoeur), která znovu objevuje faktické kořeny transcendentální roviny. Oba směry zdůrazňují vliv tělesnosti na proces poznání, což vede k závazkům, jež významně proměňují metafyzická východiska moderní vědy. Změny, které autor popisuje, se dotýkají jak metodologické, tak teoretické roviny. Na rovině metodologie autor poukazuje na to, jak je rozpouštěna příliš striktní hranice mezi přírodními a sociálními vědami a mezi kvantitativní a kvalitativní metodologií, a dokládá potřebu nahradit tato rozdělení tzv. „kontinuitou disciplinovaného vědeckého výzkumu“. Na teoretické rovině autor popisuje změnu role teorie a význam, jaký v této proměně hraje znovuobjevení somatické dimenze lidského poznání. Všechny tyto změny zásadně proměňují sebereflexi vědy jak na obecné úrovni, takna úrovni jednotlivých disciplín – tedy i v pedagogice.
Niphargus dancaui sp. nov. (Amphipoda, Niphargidae) – a new species thriving in sulfidic groundwaters in southeastern Romania
Authors: Brad Traian , Fišer Cene , Flot Jean-François , Sarbu Serban M.
Published: December 2015

Niphargus dancaui sp. nov., previously referred to as Niphargus cf. stygius, was sampled from various groundwater sites in and near the town of Mangalia (SE Romania) and described with Movile Cave (a sulfidic, chemoautotrophically based ecosystem) as type locality. A short comparison with Niphargus stygius specimens from Slovenia was made, together with a morphological analysis of interpopulational variability. Males of N. dancaui sp. nov. were relatively large (17 mm), with long antennae, pereiopods and uropod III. Females were slightly smaller, with shorter antennae, pereiopods and uropod III. Interpopulational variability was noticed in the chaetotaxy of the telson lobes and uropod III. N. dancaui sp. nov. is morphologically very close to N. lessiniensis and N. tridentinus, two species present in northern Italy, but distinct genetically from them based on 28S rRNA sequences. Instead, the closest relative of N. dancaui sp. nov. sequenced so far for this marker is N. montanarius, which inhabits a sulfidic cave system in central Italy. The work presented here contributes to our knowledge of groundwater crustacean biodiversity in general and of the systematics of the genus Niphargus in particular.
Akademikui Pranui Mažyliui – 130
Authors: Basys Vytautas , Olechnovičienė Jadvyga
Published: December 2015

2015 m. sausio 24 d. – Lietuvos mokslų akademijos (LMA) tikrojo nario, profesoriaus, mokslų daktaro Prano MAŽYLIO 130 gimimo metų sukaktis. Ta proga išleistas proginis vokas, Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto Akušerijos ir ginekologijos klinika kartu su Kauno krašto akušerių ginekologų draugija Lietuvos medicinos ir farmacijos istorijos muziejuje 2015 m. vasario 5 d. organizavo mokslinę konferenciją „Gyvenimas kaip legenda. Akademikas Pranas Mažylis, 1885–1966“, atidarė parodą „Akademikas profesorius Pranas Mažylis – Lietuvos akušerijos ir ginekologijos mokyklos įkūrėjas, gimdymo pagalbos organizatorius, klinicistas, pedagogas“.
Straipsnyje pateikiami svarbiausieji Lietuvos mokslų akademijos akademiko Prano Mažylio gyvenimo etapai ir jo veikla dirbant Akademijos institutuose, komisijose, vadovavimas moksliniams tyrimams ir šių tyrimų svarbiausi rezultatai.
Cartografia social: o mapa como construção cultural e exercício do poder
Authors: Santos Jadson de Jesus , Silva Gicélia Mendes da
Published: December 2015

Este artigo é produto da dissertação de mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente da Universidade Federal de Sergipe.  O trabalho traz um descritivo histórico sobre os diversos tipos de cartografias, incluindo a cartografia social e a utilização delas nos diversos processos de formação histórica da sociedade através das diversas culturas e da formação dos diversos poderes exercidos.
SEGREGAÇÃO SOCIOESPACIAL E MORADIA NO BRASIL ENTRE FINAIS DO SÉCULO XIX E INÍCIO DO SÉCULO XX
Authors: Soares Edmilson , Santos Leandro Bruno
Published: December 2015

Este texto é uma revisão bibliográfica, parte de uma pesquisa de iniciação científicia e aborda a cidade brasileira entre a segunda metade do século XIX e as primeiras décadas do século XX, quando se verificam mudanças estruturais no âmbito econômico, social e político que conduzirão às nova formas de produção e consumo da cidade e da moradia. Sobrepõe-se à matriz arcaica de feição colonial uma nova roupagem que, travestida de moderna, só fez exacerbar suas dramáticas injustiças, levando à produção de um espaço urbano segregado, tanto no plano social como no espacial. A questão do acesso à terra e a atuação do Estado estão no cerne dessas enormes desigualdades.
O TERRITÓRIO GEOGRÁFICO COMO PERSPECTIVA DE ANÁLISE DA CRIMINALIDADE VIOLENTA
Authors: Ferreira Santos Marcia Andréia
Published: December 2015

RESUMO: Este trabalho objetivou-se a discutir o conceito de território como categoria de análise da criminalidade violenta, em especial do tráfico de drogas. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir do levantamento bibliográfico sobre a temática em livros, dando ênfase aos trabalhos desenvolvidos por geógrafos.
A comparison of death recording by health centres and civil registration in South Africans receiving antiretroviral treatment
Authors: Johnson Leigh F , Dorrington Rob E , Laubscher Ria , Hoffmann Christopher J , Wood Robin , Fox Matthew P , Cornell Morna , Schomaker Michael , Prozesky Hans , Tanser Frank , Davies Mary‐Ann , Boulle Andrew ,   for the International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS Southern Africa (IeDEA‐SA) Collaboration
Published: December 2015

Introduction

There is uncertainty regarding the completeness of death recording by civil registration and by health centres in South Africa. This paper aims to compare death recording by the two systems, in cohorts of South African patients receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART).

Methods

Completeness of death recording was estimated using a capture–recapture approach. Six ART programmes linked their patient record systems to the vital registration system using civil identity document (ID) numbers and provided data comparing the outcomes recorded in patient files and in the vital registration. Patients were excluded if they had missing/invalid IDs or had transferred to other ART programmes.

Results

After exclusions, 91,548 patient records were included. Of deaths recorded in patients files after 2003, 94.0% (95% CI: 93.3–94.6%) were recorded by civil registration, with completeness being significantly higher in urban areas, older adults and females. Of deaths recorded by civil registration after 2003, only 35.0% (95% CI: 34.2–35.8%) were recorded in patient files, with this proportion dropping from 60% in 2004–2005 to 30% in 2010 and subsequent years. Recording of deaths in patient files was significantly higher in children and in locations within 50 km of the health centre. When the information from the two systems was combined, an estimated 96.2% of all deaths were recorded (93.5% in children and 96.2% in adults).

Conclusions

South Africa's civil registration system has achieved a high level of completeness in the recording of mortality. However, the fraction of deaths recorded by health centres is low and information from patient records is insufficient by itself to evaluate levels and predictors of ART patient mortality. Previously documented improvements in ART mortality over time may be biased if based only on data from patient records.
Brukermedvirkning i psykiatriske institusjoner. Praktisering av ”brukermedvirkning” gjennom miljøterapeutiske aktiviteter
Authors: Mathisen Vår , Obstfelder Aud , Lorem Geir , Måseide Per
Published: December 2015

The purpose of this article is to examine how user participation is enabled in practice. Fieldwork is conducted in three Norwegian District Psychiatric Centres (DPCs), with an emphasis on observations of staff working with patients and interviews. The theoretical framework is interactionism. The data analysis shows that efforts to involve patients in activities related to their own illness and their stay at the centres are integrated into the work. The findings show that much time is spent on motivating patients to want to live. Practicing of user participation in combination with milieu therapy creates dilemmas. The staff must balance between the various considerations in their work: to motivate individual patients to live and to ensure that daily routines and milieu therapeutic joint activities are implemented. Such dilemmas give the staff a feeling of inadequacy in the practice of user participation. Because, either they must pressure patients to do things against their will or reject individual wishes for adapted services to get the daily routines to go round.
Enveiskjørt samarbeid? En studie av kommunale ledere og legers erfaringer fra samarbeid med helseforetak om kommunale akutte døgnenheter
Authors: Skinner Marianne Sundlisæter
Published: December 2015

The Norwegian Coordination Reform of 2012 transferred responsibilities from the state-run specialist health service to the municipality-run primary healthcare service, simultaneously aiming to improve coordination and cooperation between the two levels. This article investigates how managers and doctors in the municipalities have experienced cooperation with the hospitals on the service level since the reform was implemented. The study focuses on municipal emergency bed units, which are to be introduced in all 428 Norwegian municipalities by 2016. Qualitative interviews with representatives from eight emergency units were conducted in order to identify routines for hospital-municipality cooperation on the service level. The study indicates that there is a majority of cooperation-passive municipality/hospital constellations and a minority of cooperation-active constellations. Furthermore, it is unclear who has the responsibility for initiating and maintaining cooperation. It is argued that both parties have to be active to establish effective cooperation structures on the service level.
Sammen går vi døden i møte
Authors: Molnes Sven Inge
Published: December 2015

In 2011 it was reported 29,907 people with a cancer diagnosis, and despite the fact that survival numbers increase, it is still a significant number of people who die of cancer every year. The process of dying and death is a natural part of life, but it's not always easy to deal with this. The purpose of this study was to examine how nurses experience spiritual aspects for cancer patients living at home. Data were collected using semi-structured, individual interviews with ten nurses. The interviews were analysed by means of Giorgi analytical method. The nurses said it was important to have a dialog with the patient about spiritual aspects, but several nurses had problems involving themselves in talks related to the patient’s situation and his thoughts about the death. To allow more cancer patients a good and worthy treatment in their own home, the community health services should focus more on increasing the skills related to spiritual aspects for cancer patients at home.
Markedsliberalistiske forskyvninger i det psykiske helsefeltet – om forholdet mellom politisk styring og faglig disiplinering
Authors: Karlsson Bengt
Published: December 2015

Since 1998, there has been several extensive reforms in the mental health field in Norway. The reforms have changed the basic politics and conditions for the development of the field and set out a new framework for the different actors' participation. There are tensions in the development of the field with different strategies focusing on demands for change and better quality in the services. The reforms highlights different aspects of leadership and management through control, power and knowledge, discipline and self-discipline. The change of services also require ways to change the professionals and the citizens' different identities. The ways they collaborate and relate to one another are being standardized and often experienced as depersonalized. Meanwhile, both the service users and the professionals are involved in the governance and thus have a decisive influence on the success of the changes. This is a disciplinarian of the professionals into practices based in neoliberal thinking rather than based in professionals' knowledge from experience and practice. Many professionals experience their autonomy as reduced and threatened. They are being forced into a certain ways of organizing and practicing their work.
Erfaringer med helsemonitorering for KOLS-pasienter
Authors: Bjørkquist Catharina
Published: December 2015

This article analyzes how health monitoring by tablet computer of COPD patients can contribute to safety and coping. The aim is to document and discuss experiences from users and the project team member who is also a nurse, with the use of telecare technology. The study was qualitative, using in-depth interview and short enquetes. Results show that the users increased their understanding of their physical condition and got better control of their illness. Accordingly, they coped better and felt more secure. Their level of activity was hardly affected even though one patient argued that the monitoring helped her adapt the level of activity to her present physical condition. Based on this study, we have, however, no significant indication that health monitoring by the use of tablet computer may reduce hospitalization and readmission rates.