bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synchronization and Optimal Operation of a 140 kVA Inverter in On-Grid Mode Using Mamdani Controllers in Cascade
Authors: Rodríguez-Flores Jesús , Herrera-Perez Victor , Gavilanes Javier , Morocho Andrés , Hernandez-Ambato Jorge
Published: February 2023

This paper addresses the synchronization and operation of a 140 kVA inverter system connected to the main grid as part of a decentralized microgeneration system. The considerations for the supply of electrical energy stored in battery banks, mostly of photovoltaic origin, involve a study of the details of a rigid nonlinear system, which parallels the generation and distribution standards typical of hydroelectric and thermoelectric plants. Considering aspects related to power electronics operation, this paper presents both the modeling and the controlling aspects necessary to synchronize and ensure a stable operation of the microgeneration systems when connected to the main grid. Statistical processing was developed to guarantee synchronization between the systems without presenting electric shocks by simulating the magnetic link in asynchronous generators to meet this aim. The proposed model simulates the increase in power by a phase shift by maintaining a constant frequency based on a Chirp wave generator. The proposed process considers a generation power baseband operation. A Mamdani-type fuzzy proportional-integral controller is used to determine the power setpoint, which sets the Chirp generator phase shift setpoint, which includes a Mamdani fuzzy proportional-type controller. Both controllers are connected in a cascade. The applied correlational technique to achieve the synthesis of the sinusoid and the synchronization presented optimal performance when using 17 samples per signal period. The design of the transformer primarily, guaranteed a phase shift of −4.3018°, allowed for a THD below 2.75%.
Automatic Annotation of Functional Semantics for 3D Product Model Based on Latent Functional Semantics
Authors: Han Zhoupeng , Zhang Hua , He Weirong , Ba Li , Yuan Qilong
Published: February 2023

To support effectively function-driven 3D model retrieval in the phase of mechanical product conceptual design and improve the efficiency of functional semantics annotation for 3D models, an approach for functional semantics automatic annotation for mechanical 3D product model based on latent functional semantics is presented. First, the design knowledge and function knowledge of mechanical product model are analyzed, and the ontology-based functional semantics for assembly product is constructed. Then, some concept about functional region is defined, and the 3D product model is decomposed into functional regions with different levels of granularity. The similarity of the functional region is evaluated considering multisource attribute information and geometric shape. Subsequently, the similarity based on latent functional semantics annotation model for functional regions is established, which is employed for annotating automatic latent functional semantics in the 3D product model structure. Finally, mechanical 3D models in the model library are used to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed approach.
Inverse Heat Transfer Analysis Method to Determine the Entropic Coefficient of Reversible Heat in Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: Han Ukmin , Choi Hongseok , Lee Hyoseong , Lee Hoseong
Published: February 2023

An entropic coefficient of reversible entropic heat is a key parameter in determining the battery thermal responses, but its measurement is challenging due to time consuming and inaccurate traditional methods. In this regard, an analytical approach based on the inverse heat transfer problem is newly proposed to precisely determine the entropic coefficient with low experiment cost. Experiments are conducted by discharging the battery under four different current rates to inversely estimate the entropic coefficients, and the least squares regression are conducted to optimize the derived entropic coefficients. Through the comparison with the existing potentiometric method, the experimental time can be reduced by 93.7%. Furthermore, the accuracy of the proposed method is well verified by validating within the root mean square error of 0.848°C by comparing with the experimental results. Through the validation processes under various operating conditions, such as low to high current rates, charging process, dynamic loads, and different ambient temperatures, the proposed method is proven over temperatures ranging from 10°C to 60°C. Conclusively, the proposed method can be a great alternative to replace the classical experimental methods.
Atuação do Movimento Negro para Formulação de políticas Educacionais Afirmativas
Authors: Franco Júlia Ferreira
Published: February 2023

As relações entre o Estado e a Sociedade sofreram grandes mudanças ao longo do tempo, atualmente é possível perceber a existência de um controle social da sociedade civil sobre o Estado. Neste cenário os movimentos sociais têm um papel fundamental ao questionar as deficiências do modelo de sociedade, propor em conjunto com o Estado políticas públicas capazes de sanar esses problemas, melhorar as condições de vida dos cidadãos e assegurar o acesso a direitos para toda a população. O presente artigo irá abordar o papel do Movimento Negro na construção de políticas públicas de ação afirmativa na área educacional, sendo elas, a Lei 10.639/03 que tornou obrigatório o ensino da história afro-brasileira e a Lei de Cotas; buscando focar na articulação realizada pelo movimento para dialogar com o Estado e a sociedade de forma a tornar uma realidade reivindicações antigas do Movimento Negro, modificando assim a cultura política da sociedade.
PERSONALITY’S EXPERIENCE OF ITS OWN DESTRUCTIVENESS
Authors: Kostromina Svetlana N. , Filatova Anastasya F.
Published: February 2023

Background. The concept of personality destructiveness describes the variety of widespread destructive and self-destructive phenomena in human life. The study of such phenomena caters to the needs of psychological counselling and psychotherapy, cause, in the long term, it can contribute to the prevention of the negative consequences of destruction for personality and others. In addition, such a study can be a way of rethinking the unambiguously negative interpretations of human destructiveness, since, according to many psychologists and philosophers of the 20th-century, destruction is associated with positive changes, development and “coming into being”. Objective. Th e purpose of this study is to explore the psychological characteristics of a personality’s experience of its own destructiveness. Methods. A semi-structured interview and a survey with application of psychodiagnostic techniques (Th e Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire by R.B. Cattell and the I-Structural Test of G. Ammon) were used as research methods. Sample. The sample consisted of 30 people aged 18 to 45, residents of St. Petersburg, Rostov-on-Don and other cities of the Russian Federation. Results. Signifi cant components of a personality’s experience of typical situations connected with destructive manifestations were identifi ed, which differ depending on the direction of destruction to oneself, to another person or to material objects. The experience of self-destructiveness is characterized by the predominance of mental assessments of the situation, negative emotions and unambiguously negative meanings, while destructiveness toward another corresponds to a more ambivalent emotional experience and ambiguous interpretation. Th e destruction of material objects is oft en accompanied by positive emotions and active behavior, the attributing a neutral meaning to the destruction. A connection between the measure of destructiveness as a personality trait and emotional instability, low sensitivity, nonconformism and the emotional content of experiencing destructiveness was found. Conclusion. Th e research data indicate the ambiguity and multi-vector nature of the phenomenon of destructiveness, its connection with both negative and positive emotions (joy, interest), constructive meanings (protecting the boundaries of the Self, defending independence) and positive life changes in the personality’s representation. Practical application of the results. Data on the personality’s experience of its own destructiveness, its semantic content, meaning in a life context, as well as its connection with the structure of personality, are valuable for the practice of psychological counseling and psychotherapy and correspond to a wide range of client requests.
PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY AND THE SATISFACTION WITH THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES AS FACTORS OF WELL-BEING IN THE WORKPLACE
Authors: Emelin Vadim A. , Rasskazova Elena I. , Ivanova Tatiana Yu.
Published: February 2023

Background. Th e present paper discusses the relevance of identifying oneself with a professionalism, the attitude to the profession and the role in the professional activity as an integral characteristic of the professional identity among representatives of diff erent positions. Objective. Th e identifi cation of the relationship between the professional identity and satisfaction with professional activities (work process, working conditions, organization, choice of profession, etc.) and well-being in the workplace among representatives of various positions. Sample. 11 558 employees (7,373 women, 63.8%, and 4,175 men, 36.2%) of a large energy company in the Russian Federation. Methods. Th e participants fi lled in the questionnaire on the components of job satisfaction, the scales of the work involvement, the boredom at the workplace, the emotional exhaustion and initiative. Results. Th e representatives of diff erent positions are most satisfi ed with the benefi ts of their work for people, with their choice of profession and the profession itself and the labour process but they are less satisfi ed with the working conditions, payment, management and professional prospect. As for representatives of all the positions, involvement in the work, a low level of boredom and emotional exhaustion and initiative depend on not only the satisfaction with working conditions, payment, management and the professional prospect but also on the satisfaction with the choice of profession, the profession itself, its content, the benefi t to people and the labour process. Conclusion. Regardless of the position and satisfaction with working conditions, the satisfaction with the choice of profession, its content and benefi ts for people and the labour itself predict the involvement in work, initiative, a low level of emotional exhaustion and the boredom at work.
SOCIAL SUCCESS OF THE SUBJECT, ENVIRONMENT, RESOURCES: OPEN QUESTIONS
Authors: Tolochek Vladimir A.
Published: February 2023

Background. Historically changing ideas about the social success of a person, its specifi city for representatives of diff erent social groups, the expansion of the number of criteria for describing this phenomenon are becoming a permanently relevant scientifi c and scientifi c-practical problem. Associated with it is the phenomenon of «resources», in the explanation of which there are many open questions. Object of the study is to study the spatial characteristics of the conditions of the social micro- and mesoenvironment as potential resources for the social success of subjects. Methods. Historical-theoretical analysis, empirical research (author’s method — questionnaire «Dynamics of professional life style»), methods of parametric statistics. Results. An analysis of the survey data of 482 men and women aged 30– 50 years (132 civil servants, 129 engineers and heads of departments of industrial enterprises, 221 managers) showed that higher assessments of the subjective signifi cance of environmental conditions as “professional factors” , updated as resources, and the largest number of intercorrelations (with r ≥ 0.300) took place in the sample of civil servants; smaller ones — engineers and heads of departments of industrial enterprises and in a sample of managers. Conclusion. Diff erent conditions of the social environment are not equally signifi cant for all people (persons of diff erent sex, age, working in diff erent fi elds of activity, having diff erent experience, etc.) in their positive and negative impact on various manifestations of a person’s success. Diff erences in environmental conditions, refl ected as the specifi city of the correlation pleiades for each group, indicate a non-separate eff ect on the success of the subject. Both individual conditions and their combinations represent relatively stable, integral and closed spaces. Th e conditions of the parental family, one’s family, formed by a person’s activity in the spheres of his interpersonal relations, in their subjective perception and subjective signifi cance for diff erent people, act as diff erent, isolated spaces.
TRANSSEXUAL SELF-ESTEEM IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF TRANSGENDER TRANSITION
Authors: Kumchenko Sergey K. , Tkhostov Alexander Sh. , Rasskazova Elena I.
Published: February 2023

Background of the work is associated with the high signifi cance of an accurate assessment of the adaptive potential of a transsexual sent for transgender transition. To date, psychological constructs that make it possible to predict this potential look unconvincing due to the blurriness of these constructs, as well as ways to evaluate them. Th e ability for adequate self-assessment is proposed as a relevant construct. Objective is to state the self-esteem of transsexuals at diff erent stages of transgender transition in comparison with non-transexuals. Methods. Th e anonymous questionnaire includes the M. Kuhn — T. McPartland test «Who am I» modifi ed by A. Th ostov, E. Rasskazova, V. Emelin (2014); «Cognitive Beliefs Inconsistency Study Method» (Rasskazova, Th ostov, Abramova, 2015); «Satisfaction with Life Scale» (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, Grin, 1985; adapted by E. Osin, D. Leontiev, 2008). ANOVA is used in the SPSS 23 program. Sample. Control group: 120 cisgender people. Main group: 151 transsexuals: Male-to-Female (MtF), Female-to-Male (FtM). Results. Well-being level of MtF in fi nal stage of transgender transition is equal to that of cisgender people, and FtM’s level is lower (F = 8.384; P < 0.01). FtM in all stages of transgender transition give higher marks of social recognition of their self-identifi cations than MtF (F = 8.996; P < 0.01). FtM rate their masculinity from the point of friends’ view higher than MtF (F = 3.413; P < 0.05). MtF transsexuals in all stages of transgender transition rate their self-identifi cations lower than FtM (F = 3.532; P < 0.05). Conclusion. FtM have an overestimation of self-esteem in terms of masculinity, social recognition. It is associated with psychological compensation of a lower level of well-being than MtF. MtF more accurately rate reality in all stages of transgender transition and do not resort to compensatory mechanisms.
COPE-30: PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE SHORT VERSION OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE INVENTORY FOR COPING STRATEGIES EVALUATION
Authors: Odintsova Maria A. , Radchikova Nataly P. , Aleksandrova Lada A.
Published: February 2023

Background. Numerous studies show that coping plays a big role in a person’s adaptation to stressful situations and becomes the center of psychological practice, which dictates the need to develop a reliable, valid and compact tool that allows you to identify certain coping strategies. Objective. Th e aim of the study was to develop a brief version of the Russian-language methodology for evaluating coping strategies (COPE-30) based on the full Russian version. Methods. Th e survey included socio-demographic indicators and an assessment of life situation diffi culty. Th e following methods were used: COPE, Hardiness Survey, Personal Self-Activation Inventory, “Subjective appraisal of diffi cult life situation” technique. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, exploratory and confi rmatory factor analysis, three-way ANOVA, and two-way ANCOVA were used as data processing methods. Sample. Data were obtained from an online survey (2021–2022). In total, the study involved 1395 people aged 18 to 76 years (average 32 ± 11 years, median = 31 years), of which 72,5% were female, 24,6% male, and 2,9% other. Results. Psychometric indices indicate good internal consistency of the COPE-30 scales. Th e results of the confi rmatory factor analysis confi rm the correspondence of the 15-factor COPE-30 model to the data obtained under diff erent instructions. Th ree second-order factors obtained on the basis of 15 coping strategies correlate with all the characteristics of a diffi cult life situation, self-activation and hardiness. Women more oft en use the coping strategies “Concentration on emotions and their active expression”, “Religion” and “Emotional social support”, and men — “Humor”, even when controlling for the diffi culty of the situation. Conclusion. Th e proposed COPE-30 inventory is a suffi ciently reliable, internally consistent and valid tool for determining individual coping strategies. It has the same good psychometric characteristics as the full version of the inventory, and works well with situational and dispositional approaches.
A multiobjective path-smoothing algorithm based on node adjustment and turn-smoothing
Authors: Cao Ning , Yi Guodong , Zhang Shuyou , Qiu Lemiao
Published: February 2023

Presently, mobile robots experience problems of time consumption, poor security, and high computational complexity in global path-smoothing algorithms. This study presents a multiobjective path-smoothing algorithm, including a path point adjustment algorithm and a turn-smoothing method called the point adjustment algorithm and smoothing. First, the proposed path point adjustment algorithm filters and moves the nodes in an original path to decrease the length of the path and increase the angle of the turns in the path. Second, the proposed turn-smoothing method inserts the B-spline curve into the processed path to smooth the discontinuous turns in the path. Subsequently, the positions of the control points are adjusted based on the property of the B-spline to ensure that the smoothed path can avoid obstacles and satisfy the maximum curvature constraint. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can quickly calculate the path satisfying the robot dynamic constraints in various environments combined with different global path planning algorithms. Compared with other mainstream path-smoothing algorithms, this algorithm makes a substantial improvement in path length.
Unpacking the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between ideal-actual self-discrepancy, stressful life events, depression and anxiety: Results from 1,144 young people in an epidemiological study in Hong Kong
Authors: Nam Suen Yi , Cheuk Ying Crystal Ling , Charlton Cheung , Lai Ming Christy Hui , Ming Yin Stephanie Wong , Tak Hing Michael Wong , Kit Wa Sherry Chan , Ho Ming Edwin Lee , Yu Hai Eric Chen
Published: February 2023

Background:

Self-discrepancy is associated with poorer mental health, yet its mechanism is understudied. A recent study found that resilience plays a moderating role in the relationship between self-discrepancy and depressive symptoms in adults. The current study investigated whether there were any similar relationships among young people aged 15 to 24 years.

Methods:

As part of the ongoing Hong Kong Epidemiological Study of Mental Health (HK-YES) project, the current study analysed data from 1,144 participants who provided complete data on ideal-actual selfdiscrepancy, psychiatric conditions, resilience level and recent stressful life events (SLEs).

Results:

Ideal-actual self-discrepancies were associated with increased depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as odds of 12-month major depressive episodes (MDEs) and generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). All these associations became nonsignificant after adjusting for resilience. Separate models found resilience mediating rather than moderating the relationship. According to four-way decomposition, the pure indirect effect explained most of the total effects of self-discrepancy on mental health conditions. The mediation effects on symptom severity were recently revealed to be more prominent among individuals with substantial exposure to SLE.

Conclusions:

Resilience functions mainly as a mediator in the relationship between self-discrepancy and mental health conditions, and its effect is weakened by the exposure of SLEs. Important implications are discussed regarding the use of resilience-focused interventions and the consideration of recent adversity.
Tycho Brahe’s observations of Præsepe Cancri
Authors: Schou Ole
Published: February 2023

Tycho Brahe made several thousand observations of the celestial bodies, in general with an unprecedented accuracy and precision. A group of observations of a nebulous object known as Præsepe differs, however, significantly from the general picture. Over a period of 3 years, Tycho observed different astronomical coordinates for Præsepe; the values of meridian altitude differed by as much as 8 arcminutes for repeated observations, and the declination values by up to 5 arcminutes, systematic discrepancies such as these never seen before or since for Tycho’s stellar observations. In this article it will be demonstrated that these differences were due to the observation of three or four individual stars and not of a single arbitrarily defined centre in Præsepe, the open star cluster M44 as it is known today. Individual stars had not been resolved in Præsepe before, and consequently neither had their celestial coordinates been determined. Tycho selected a single of the observed stars to represent Præsepe and included its celestial coordinates in his star catalogues.
Opening Pandora's Box: The Extreme Right and the Resurgence of Racism in Brazil
Authors: Bernardino-Costa Joaze
Published: February 2023

The emergence of Bolsonarism as a face of the extreme right in Brazil has come out of the articulation of several groups mobilized on social networks around a handful of key ideas including moral conservatism, economic liberalism, patriotism, public security, and a common enemy. Research on social networks and articles in the press shows that Bolsonarism has opened a Pandora's box, releasing behavior that combines racist antiracialism and racist racialism and that aims to dismantle the recent achievements of black and indigenous groups.

A emergência do Bolsonarismo como manifestação da extrema direita no Brasil deve sua origem à articulação de vários grupos que se mobilizaram nas redes sociais em torno de um conjunto de idéias chaves que inclui um inimigo comum, um conservadorismo moral, um liberalismo econômico, o patriotismo e a segurança pública. Estudos sobre as redes sociais e artigos nos jornais mostram que o Bolsonarismo tem abrido uma caixa de Pandora, fomentando um comportamento que combina o antiracialismo racista com um racialismo racista que almeja desmontar os sucessos recentes conseguidos por grupos negros e indígenas.
“We Are without God Now”: Benign Neglect and Planned Destruction of Brooklyn’s Bushwick Neighborhood
Authors: Hernandez Mario
Published: February 2023

Focusing on the neighborhood of Bushwick from the post–World War II (WWII) era to the onset of the neighborhood’s gentrification, this paper traces the fundamental significance of race in the policy decisions that led to the evolution of Bushwick from a vibrant middle-class community to one of concentrated poverty and blight by the end of the twentieth century. Drawing on firsthand accounts, senate hearings, court trials, media accounts, as well as the secondary literature, this paper shows how policy actions and inaction led to the inevitable destruction in the neighborhood during the blackout of 1977. Although the blackout marks one of the most turbulent periods in the neighborhood’s history, the community’s resilience is accentuated throughout the destruction and its aftermath. Today, as Bushwick’s residents face a new threat in the form of gentrification, this paper seeks to situate this contemporary development within the historical and ongoing significance of race in urban studies.
Putting the Apocalyptic Jesus to the Sword: Why Were Jesus’s Disciples Armed?
Authors: Meggitt Justin
Published: February 2023

The claim that the historical Jesus was a violent revolutionary has seen a revival in recent years with the work of Dale Martin and Fernando Bermejo-Rubio. Central to their case is the datum that Jesus’s disciples were armed at the time of his arrest in anticipation of their active participation in an end-time battle. However, whilst it can be established that it is likely that the disciples did carry bladed implements that could be used as weapons, when the literary and material-cultural evidence is scrutinised more closely, it is unreasonable to infer that these were intended to be used for apocalyptic ends or that the disciples or anyone else would see them as evidence of military intent.
Event-triggered bipartite consensus control algorithm design for nonlinear second-order multi-agent systems
Authors: Yang Ruitian , Peng Li , Yang Yongqing
Published: February 2023

Bipartite consensus of nonlinear second-order multi-agent systems with directed communication topology is investigated in this article. A kind of novel event-triggered control protocol is proposed, which based on relative information sensing. Different from some conventional event-triggered control for second-order multi-agent systems, the event-triggered control in distributed way for second-order multi-agent systems is studied in this article, which imply that the controller of each follower only needs to collect the local information. To eliminate too large control gain, the control gain of control protocol is further designed based on adaptive way. Moreover, these control algorithms prove that Zeno behavior can be avoided. Finally, the performance of the proposed control protocols is presented by virtue of two simulation examples.
Pursuing Diversity: The Context, Practices, and Diversity Outcomes of Intentionally Diverse Charter Schools
Authors: Seifert Sophia , Porter Lorna , Cordes Sarah A. , Wohlstetter Priscilla
Published: February 2023

Background:

In the United States, students’ experiences are shaped by racioethnic, socioeconomic, and linguistic segregation. School choice, and especially charter schools, generally exacerbate existing levels of school segregation. Counter to this trend, hundreds of intentionally diverse charter schools (IDCS), with a mission to promote school diversity, have opened across the country.

Purpose:

This study aims to clarify how IDCS operationalize their mission to serve diverse populations. To do so, we examine contextual factors that influence diversification efforts, the strategies that IDCS use to pursue diverse enrollments, and whether sample IDCS are more diverse than comparison schools.

Research Design:

This study uses a convergent mixed-methods design, in which qualitative and quantitative data were independently collected and analyzed, then merged for final analysis. The qualitative phase included thematic analyses of 101 interviews and 40 focus groups with IDCS staff and leaders to identify key contextual factors and practices that shape diversification efforts. For quantitative analyses, we used student and school-level administrative data from sample and comparison schools in New York, Colorado, and California. We explored researcher-created diversity outcomes for sample and comparison schools, including a racioethnic diversity index representing the probability that any two students chosen at random will be of a different race/ethnicity, and locally created diversity goals of having 40%–50% of enrolled students qualify for free/reduced price lunch (FRL) and no racial majority group among enrolled students.

Conclusions/Recommendations:

We found that local context, including race-neutral state policies and local housing patterns, created barriers to recruiting and enrolling diverse students. To overcome these barriers, IDCS staff developed data-driven recruitment and enrollment practices that were differentiated by the target group. Practices focused on increasing awareness of the school, building trust, and investing parents in the schools’ diversity mission. Enrollment data show that sample IDCS are more diverse than a set of comparison schools, with mixed results when analyzing diversity outcomes with locally defined goals. We conclude that, despite contextual barriers, choice schools have considerable agency in fostering school diversity.
Towards an Ontology of Contemporary Reality?
Authors: Susen Simon
Published: February 2023

The main purpose of this paper is to provide a critical overview of the key contributions made by Luc Boltanski and Arnaud Esquerre in Qu’est-ce que l’actualité politique? Événements et opinions aux XXIe siècle. Whereas Enrichment: A Critique of Commodities is essentially a study in economic sociology, Boltanski and Esquerre’s latest book reflects a shift in emphasis towards political sociology. As demonstrated in this paper, their inquiry into the ontologie de l’actualité – that is, the ontology of contemporary reality – contains valuable insights into the relationship between the production, circulation, and consumption of news, on the one hand, and the emergence of processes of politicization, on the other. The first half of this paper comprises a summary of the central arguments developed in Boltanski and Esquerre’s investigation, before moving, in the second half, to an assessment of its most significant limitations.
Acute severe pulmonary hypertension during weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass for aortic valve replacement surgery: A case report
Authors: Xiong Jiyue , Liu Ting , Zheng Jianqiao , Du Lei , Lin Jing
Published: February 2023

Pulmonary arterial pressure (PAH) usually increases after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), but this normally does not affect weaning off CPB. Here we report a case of severe PAH in a patient with normal left atrial pressure. Prolonging CPB by 45 min did not lead to lower PAH. Given that lung injury can stimulate secretion of vasoconstrictors that trigger PAH, we decided to gradually increase blood flow into the lungs in an effort to restore the balance between pulmonary vasoconstrictors and vasodilators. Pulmonary artery pressure gradually decreased, allowing the patient to be weaned off CPB, after which she recovered uneventfully. Our experience suggests an approach for managing acute, severe PAH after CPB without the need for mechanical circulatory support.
A phase 1b study to investigate the potential interactions between ASP8062 and buprenorphine/naloxone in patients with opioid use disorder
Authors: Ito Mototsugu , Walzer Mark , Beth Blauwet Mary , Spence Anna , Heo Nakyo , Kelsh Debra , Blahunka Paul , Erdman Jay , Nour Alsharif Mohamad , Marek Gerard J
Published: February 2023

Background:

There is an unmet need for therapeutics with greater efficacy and tolerability for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD). ASP8062 is a novel compound with positive allosteric modulator activity on the γ-aminobutyric acid type B receptor under development for use with standard-of-care treatment for patients with OUD.

Aims:

To investigate the safety, tolerability, interaction potential, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of ASP8062 in combination with buprenorphine/naloxone (B/N; Suboxone®).

Methods:

In this phase 1, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study, patients with OUD began B/N (titrated to 16/4 mg/day) treatment upon enrollment (induction, Days 1–4; maintenance, Days 5–18; downward titration, Days 19–26; and discharge, Day 27). On Day 12, patients received a single dose of ASP8062 60 mg or placebo with B/N and underwent safety and PK assessments. Primary endpoints included frequency and severity of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), clinical laboratory tests, respiratory depression, and suicidal ideation. Secondary endpoints investigated the impact of ASP8062 on B/N PK.

Results:

Eighteen patients were randomized and completed the study (ASP8062, n = 12; placebo, n = 6). With this sample size typical for phase 1 drug–drug interaction studies, ASP8062 was well tolerated; most TEAEs were mild in severity, and none led to treatment withdrawal. ASP8062 did not enhance substance use-related TEAEs, respiratory depression, or suicidal ideation and did not have a clinically significant impact on the PK of B/N.

Conclusions:

In this phase 1 study, ASP8062 was safe, well tolerated, and did not enhance respiratory suppression induced by buprenorphine.

Trial registration:

Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04447287.
Simulations or Client Projects? Aligning Social Media Skills Development to Industry Expectations
Authors: Beachum Nicole , Krallman Alexandra
Published: February 2023

Social media is rapidly growing and evolving from the introduction of new platforms to platform-specific innovations. The dynamic nature of social media makes it difficult for even practitioners to keep up; therefore, the gap between academia and industry continues to grow. This gap presents significant challenges for marketing educators to keep course content current so students are ready for the workforce. To identify which types of social media pedagogical assessments best meet industry needs and make recommendations for bridging this gap, this article uses a three-study approach consisting of content analysis of job descriptions, practitioner interviews, and student perceptions of two commonly used pedagogical assessments: simulations and client-based projects. Results show the critical need for social media meta-skills and technical skills, with client-based projects significantly improving meta-skill acquisition by undergraduate students compared with simulations alone. Practical implications for helping educators improve market-ready graduates for entry-level jobs with a social media component are discussed.
Optimal maximum power point tracking of wind turbine doubly fed induction generator based on driving training algorithm
Authors: Mostafa Mohamed Abdelateef , El-Hay Enas A. , ELkholy Mahmoud M.
Published: February 2023

The operation of wind power system at optimum power point is a big challenge particularly under uncertainty of wind speed. As a result, it is necessary to install an effective maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller for extracting the available maximal power from wind energy conversion system (WECS). Therefore, this paper aims to obtain the optimal values of injected rotor phase voltage for doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) to ensure the extraction of peak power from wind turbine under different wind speeds as well as to get the optimal performance of DFIG. A new metaheuristic optimization approach; Driving Training Algorithm (DTA) is used to crop the optimal DFIG rotor voltages. Three different scenarios are presented to have MPPT, the first one is the MPPT with unity stator power factor, the second one is the MPPT with minimum DFIG losses, and the third scenario is MPPT with minimum rotor current to reduce the rating of rotor inverter. The MATLAB environment is used to simulate and study the proposed controller with 2.4 MW wind turbine. The optimum power curve of wind turbine has been estimated to get the reference values of DFIG mechanical power. The results ensured the significance and robust of the proposed controller to have MPPT under different wind speeds. The DTA results are compared with other two well-known optimization algorithms; water cycle algorithm (WCA) and particle swarm optimizer (PSO) to verify the accuracy of results.
Will the Order Be Canceled? Order Cancellation Probability Prediction Based on Deep Residual Model
Authors: Sun Haokai , Lv Zhiqiang , Li Jianbo , Xu Zhihao , Sheng Zhaoyu
Published: February 2023

Online ride-hailing is gradually becoming one of the indispensable travel modes for people. Online ride-hailing platforms receive tens of thousands of taxi travel orders every day. However, some orders are canceled by the user after the driver answers. User cancellation of orders will disrupt the regular operation of the taxi platform, reduce the efficiency and income of drivers on the online ride-hailing platform, and affect the ride experience of other users. To capture the relationship between the cancellation probability of online taxi orders and users, we first analyze the factors that affect users’ cancellation of online taxi orders. We find that the cancellation probability of online ride-hailing orders is highly correlated with the travel time of the online taxi, the distance between vehicle and passengers, road congestion conditions, and alternative transportation resources around the passengers. Second, a deep residual network-based ride-hailing order cancellation probability prediction model (DeepOCP) is designed to predict the probability of a user canceling an answered online-hailing order. Finally, the Didi Chengdu Express public data set is used to test the model’s effectiveness. This paper is the first study to use a deep-learning model to predict the cancellation probability of online ride-hailing orders.
Exploring Factors Associated With Crossing Assertiveness of Pedestrians at Unsignalized Intersections
Authors: Li Zihao , Kong Xiaoqiang , Zhang Yunlong
Published: February 2023

A pedestrian’s assertiveness when crossing an intersection measures his or her willingness to cross under given conditions, and this level of assertiveness affects pedestrian crossing behavior and safety. Crossing assertiveness at an unsignalized intersection is a complex psychological decision affected by many features, such as the speeds and trajectories of oncoming vehicles, eye contact, facial expression, and hand gesture communications between pedestrians and drivers. To provide a comprehensive understanding of crossing assertiveness of pedestrians at unsignalized intersections, this study applied a pattern recognition method—association rules mining to uncover the patterns for different levels of crossing assertiveness, including assertive, neutral, and passive, using a unique naturalistic driving dataset. An elaborated feature engineering with the decision tree, gradient-boosting decision tree, and XGBoost with SHAP were utilized to select a distinct feature set as input of the Apriori algorithm to recognize the patterns. The results revealed that the driver’s facial expression, the driver’s initiative and passive yield, and the presence of the “yield-to-pedestrian” traffic sign were highly associated with assertive crossing. Features such as the absence of pedestrians on the crosswalk, the presence of incoming speeding vehicles, and the absence of traffic control signs were strongly related to passive crossing. Meanwhile, the number and position of pedestrians at the crosswalk or near the curbside, the communication between pedestrians and drivers, and who actively seeks eye contact were the three major features to convert crossing from neutral to assertive or passive. The results provided a unique and meaningful understanding of pedestrian crossing assertiveness at unsignalized intersections.
Fuzzy Decision Systems for Sustainable Transport: Mapping the Future
Authors: Yadegar Zeynab , Alimohammadlou Moslem
Published: February 2023

The transportation sector has extensive environmental, social, and economic impacts on society. Given such impacts, it is necessary for this sector to rely on sustainable development. A growing number of investigations explore fuzzy decision systems for sustainable transport each year, addressing a multitude of topics in this area of research. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status and trends of studies exploring “fuzzy decision systems for sustainable transport.” To accomplish this, the study relies on the scientometric analysis and uses the bibliographic information stored on Web of Science Core Collection. The study, more specifically, seeks to focus on three central purposes: to identify the specifications of publications investigating fuzzy decision systems for sustainable transport; to explain how research studies in this field have taken shape; and to specify hot topics and frontiers of research exploration in this area. The findings of this study offer new insights into research on fuzzy decision systems for sustainable transport, from various perspectives. Another contribution of this study is that it helps researchers to readily observe the status of various topics in this area and gain knowledge of the frontiers of research.
“Tram Wrong Way” International Experience and Mitigation of Track Switch Errors
Authors: Currie Graham , Reynolds James , Logan David , Young Kristie L.
Published: February 2023

Trams can go the wrong way at track switches causing disruption and safety risks. In 2019 Melbourne experienced 370 incidents, Toronto 155, and Zurich 194. This paper explores wrong-way incident occurrences and mitigations. It explores literature, reviews global practice, and mines an incident database in Melbourne. Driver fatigue is the principal cause of rail crashes in Australia. Cognitive secondary tasks such as point and call (PAC) can focus vigilance, but no published evidence on PAC effectiveness on railways was found beyond laboratory experiments. However, this study found evidence of PAC effectiveness in San Diego and Toronto, with a broadly 30% to 40% incident reduction impact. International practice shows widespread occurrence of incidents. Automated switch control systems and the removal of driver in-cab control of points can reduce incident occurrence, but not entirely. San Diego has in-cab control but low incident rates, which result from PAC-type measures. A review of Melbourne incidents found that January/February and November are high incident months and Monday/Friday high incident days: each have special event working, and on Monday drivers may be starting a new week of shifts. During the day, early prepeak services, 10 a.m., and evening peaks had high incident occurrences, potentially associated with shift start/changing patterns. Incidents were highly concentrated: 42% at only 10% of switches. New drivers had high incident rates: 15% of incidents in Melbourne, 30% in Toronto, and 33% in Zurich involved drivers in their first year. Findings on incident mitigation and directions for future research are identified.
Approach for Estimating Inspection Staffing Needs for Highway Construction Projects
Authors: Mohamed Mamdouh , Tran Dai Q.
Published: February 2023

Construction inspectors are the primary workforce in the highway construction industry who ensure that the work on infrastructure projects meets or exceeds the quality standards set. However, there is a growing concern in state departments of transportation (DOTs) about the inspection process because of the declining availability of experienced inspectors. This study proposes an approach for estimating inspection staffing needs for highway construction projects. Data from 157 construction projects completed between 2017 and 2021 were used to evaluate project inspection staff size based on the project type, cost, and duration. A total of 35 core inspection items were identified by carrying out a content analysis of construction inspection documents. Then, a focus group of 18 experts from the Kansas DOT was conducted to verify the list of 35 cost inspection items and evaluate the number and experience of inspectors required for each item. The four project types included in the analysis are as follows: grading/surfacing; sealing; surface recycling and overlay; and bridge repair. The analysis showed that the inspection staffing needs depend on project type, duration, and size. The grading/surfacing and bridge repair projects require more inspection staff than the sealing, and surface recycling and overlay projects. The result of a Spearman’s correlation analysis indicated that there is a significant association between the risk level of an inspection item and the number and experience of inspectors required for that item. The findings from this study may help state DOTs identify their needs for inspection staff and improve the quality of highway construction projects.
Graph Supported Mode Detection within Mobile Phone Data Trajectories
Authors: Wischer Thomas , Cik Michael , Fellendorf Martin
Published: February 2023

Mobile phone data (MPD) has been used in various studies to analyze human travel behavior in time and space. While the pure number of available trips is promising, data quality and the information density of each individual trajectory is relatively low. Travel mode detection of MPD-trajectories is a challenging task, since geographic location data is noisy and the events within a trajectory are irregular (event-based instead of time discrete). In this paper, we present a method to identify travel modes typically observed in urban areas, such as walking, bicycle, tram, bus, and car. The method requires concise network graphs for each mode. Annotated GPS trajectories were collected from volunteers as ground truth to train and validate various machine learning algorithms. The cleaned trajectories of the MPD are segmented into individual trips, which are mapped on the network graphs using a map-matching algorithm. Various features, such as trip distance and travel speed, were analyzed to identify the most suitable features for classifying the available modes with a random forest (RF) and a support-vector machine algorithm. With the RF algorithm, about 80% of all trips were associated to the correct mode. Since the total dataset was only comprised of about 600 trips, which then needed to be split into an evaluation dataset and a training dataset, we suspect the accuracy of the method will increase with more data. Based on the results, this work presents a proof of concept for determining the travel mode of MPD-trajectories.
Case Study on the Impact of Flooding and Inundation on Pavement Performance
Authors: Chen Qiming , Zhang Zhongjie , Gaspard Kevin
Published: February 2023

The experimental program was designed to discover the effectiveness of various treatments on mitigating pavement distress (mostly longitudinal cracking issues) caused by normal seasonal volumetric changes in expansive clays. Unfortunately, these objectives were compromised by subsequent flooding events. However, these flooding events offered rare opportunities to evaluate the impact of inundation on the performance of newly constructed pavement sections. Flood-induced pavement movement was monitored with cross-section surveys. Pavement condition data were obtained from regular pavement management activities conducted by the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development’s Pavement Management System unit. The roadway pavements of test sections experienced significant movement because of the floods, but it is differential movement across the pavement that caused longitudinal cracks. The test section, with a geotextile-wrapped sand layer placed between the pavement structure and subgrade, had the best performance among all test sections with respect to longitudinal cracking; better performance was achieved when this sand layer was extended to the edge of the foreslope. This may be because the geotextile-wrapped sand layer created both a drainage system to minimize moisture fluctuations in the subgrade and a flexible mechanical system to absorb the swelling pressures from the underlying subgrade. Flood-induced structural damage was apparent by comparing falling weight deflectometer data of different test sections. Flood-induced heaves and depressions caused the ride quality of the roadway to deteriorate faster than expected. This may be because the prolonged inundation expedited the transition process of the pavement structure and materials from the newly constructed state to the natural equilibrium state.