bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonreciprocal Spin Waves in a Magnonic Crystal with In-Plane Static Magnetization
Authors: Verba Roman , Bankowski Elena , Meitzler Thomas , Tiberkevich Vasil , Slavin Andrei
Published: January 2017

It is shown that spin waves propagating in a planar periodic array of dipolarly coupled magnetic strips or dots with in-plane static magnetization can be nonreciprocal. The conditions of the spin waves nonreciprocity are: (i) breaking of the mirror symmetry of an array with respect to its plane, and (ii) complex structure of the array lattice. These conditions can be satisfied, e.g., if an array consists of at least two groups of strips (dots) having different thicknesses (heights). The largest nonreciprocity can be achieved if the static magnetic state of an array is antiferromagnetic, and the difference in the strip thicknesses is about two times. A significant dependence of the spin wave nonreciprocity on the static magnetic state of a strip array allows one to create magnonic crystals with reconfigurable nonreciprocal properties.
Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in Fe–N Thin Films: Threshold Field for Irreversible Magnetic Stripe Domain Rotation
Authors: Garnier L.-C. , Eddrief M. , Fin S. , Bisero D. , Fortuna F. , Etgens V. H. , Marangolo M.
Published: January 2017

The magnetic properties of an iron nitride thin film obtained by ion implantation have been investigated. N[Formula: see text] ions were implanted in a pristine iron layer epitaxially grown on ZnSe/GaAs(001). X-ray diffraction measurements revealed the formation of body-centered tetragonal N-martensite whose [Formula: see text]-axis is perpendicular to the thin film plane and [Formula: see text]-parameter is close to that of [Formula: see text]-Fe8N. Magnetic measurements disclosed a weak perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) whose energy density [Formula: see text] was assessed to about 105[Formula: see text]J/m3. A sharp decline of the in-plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) was also observed, in comparison with the body-centered cubic iron. The origin of the PMA is attributed to the MCA of N-martensite and/or stress-induced anisotropy. As a result of the PMA, weak magnetic stripe domains with a period of about 130[Formula: see text]nm aligned along the last saturating magnetic field direction were observed at remanence by magnetic force microscopy. The application of an increasing in-plane magnetic field transverse to the stripes [Formula: see text] highlighted a threshold value ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]T) above which these magnetic domains irreversibly rotated. Interestingly, below this threshold, the stripes do not rotate, leading to a zero remanent magnetization along the direction of the applied field. The interest of this system for magnetization dynamics is discussed.
Theoretical Study of the Stripline Ferromagnetic Resonance Response of Metallic Ferromagnetic Films Based on an Analytical Model
Authors: Hai R. , Kostylev M.
Published: January 2017

We develop an advanced analytical model for calculating the broadband stripline ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) response for metallic ferromagnetic films, taking into account the exchange interaction as well as the exchange boundary conditions at the film surface. This approach leads to simple analytical expressions in the Fourier space. As a result, a numerical code which implements inverse Fourier transform of these equations is very quick. This allows us to explore a wide space of parameters as numerical examples of application of this theory. In particular, we investigate the joint effects of microwave eddy current shielding and magnetization pinning at the ferromagnetic film surfaces on the shape of the stripline FMR response of the film.
Recent Progress in Atomic Layer Deposition of Multifunctional Oxides and Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Liu Hongfei
Published: January 2017

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has long been developed for conformal coating thin films on planar surfaces and complex structured substrates based on its unique sequential process and self-limiting surface chemistry. In general, the coated thin films can be dielectrics, semiconductors, conductors, metals, etc., while the targeted surface can vary from those of particles, wires, to deep pores, through holes, and so on. The ALD coating technique, itself, was developed from gas-phase chemical vapor deposition, but now it has been extended even to liquid phase coating/growth. Because the thickness of ALD growth is controlled in atomic level ([Formula: see text]0.1[Formula: see text]nm), it has recently been employed for producing two-dimensional (2D) materials, typically semiconducting nanosheets of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). In this paper, we briefly introduce recent progress in ALD of multifunctional oxides and 2D TMDCs with the focus being placed on suitable ALD precursors and their ALD processes (for both binary compounds and ternary alloys), highlighting the remaining challenges and promising potentials.
A case study assessing thermal activity at a significant geotourism locality of Ema coal tailing dumps in the mining landscape of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Authors: Marschalko Marian , Zástěrová Petra , Yilmaz Işık , Jelínek Petr , Růžička Jan , Růžičková Kateřina , Duda Robert
Published: January 2017

The study focuses on the assessment of surface area thermal activity measured by air thermal photography at the significant geotourism locality of Ema coal tailing dumps. Ema has become a geotourism post-mining landmark associated with black coal mining in Ostrava, the third largest city in the Czech Republic. At the same time, Ostrava is the largest industrial city in the Czech Republic. The study analyses a new approach to assess the surface area thermal activity in coal tailing dumps. A correct analysis of the surface area thermal activity is a fundamental requirement for projects to deal with the clean-up of a dump with thermal activity. Ema has a scientific and geotourism–educational character and it is important to plan solutions to achieve thermal activity stabilization. A 4 year monitoring programme was implemented using a new approach grounded in assessment based on thermal activity area classification (active and inactive), and comparison with a reference point in the dump with the highest temperature without thermal activity during the measurement period. It was this boundary condition that facilitated the correct assessment of the thermal activity surface area and it helped to establish gradual decreases in thermal activity from 0.29 ha (i.e. 0.79% of the total area of the dump) in 2011 to 0.15 ha (i.e. 0.41% of the total area of the dump) in 2014.
Collective Turnover
Authors: Hausknecht John P.
Published: January 2017

This review builds from the last major narrative review of collective turnover ( Hausknecht & Trevor 2011 ) to identify theoretical and empirical advancements in understanding the causes and consequences of turnover rates at the team, group, work unit, and organizational levels. I discuss important developments in collective-level theorizing [including context-emergent turnover (CET) and turnover capacity theory], meta-analytic summaries, longitudinal investigations, and more. The review concludes with recommendations for future collective turnover research.
Dynamic Self-Regulation and Multiple-Goal Pursuit
Authors: Neal Andrew , Ballard Timothy , Vancouver Jeffrey B.
Published: January 2017

Self-regulation is the dynamic process by which people manage competing demands on their time and resources as they strive to achieve desired outcomes, while simultaneously preventing or avoiding undesired outcomes. In this article, we review the current state of knowledge regarding the process by which people manage these types of demands. We review studies in the organizational, cognitive, social psychology, and human factors literatures that have examined the process by which people (a) manage task demands when working on a single task or goal; (b) select which tasks or goals they work on, and the timing and order in which they work on them; and (c) make adjustments to the goals that they are pursuing. We review formal theories that have been developed to account for these phenomena and examine the prospects for an integrative account of self-regulation that can explain the broad range of empirical phenomena examined across different subdisciplines within psychology.
Psychological Capital: An Evidence-Based Positive Approach
Authors: Luthans Fred , Youssef-Morgan Carolyn M.
Published: January 2017

The now recognized core construct of psychological capital, or simply PsyCap, draws from positive psychology in general and positive organizational behavior (POB) in particular. The first-order positive psychological resources that make up PsyCap include hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism, or the HERO within. These four best meet the inclusion criteria of being theory- and research-based, positive, validly measurable, state-like, and having impact on attitudes, behaviors, performance and well-being. The article first provides the background and precise meaning of PsyCap and then comprehensively reviews its measures, theoretical mechanisms, antecedents and outcomes, levels of analysis, current status and needed research, and finally application. Particular emphasis is given to practical implications, which focuses on PsyCap development, positive leadership, and novel applications such as the use of video games and gamification techniques. The overriding theme throughout is that PsyCap has both scientific, evidence-based rigor and practical relevance.
Mitochondrial connexin40 regulates mitochondrial calcium uptake in coronary endothelial cells
Authors: Guo Rui , Si Rui , Scott Brian T. , Makino Ayako
Published: January 2017

Connexins (Cxs) are a group of integral membrane proteins that can form gap junctions between adjacent cells. Recently, it was reported that Cx43 is expressed not only in the plasma membrane but also in the inner mitochondrial membrane and that it regulates mitochondrial functions. Cx40 is predominantly expressed in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and plays an important role in the electrical propagation between ECs and endothelial/smooth muscle cells. However, it is unknown whether Cx40 is expressed in the mitochondria and what the role of mitochondrial Cx40 is in endothelial functions. We observed in coronary ECs that Cx40 protein was expressed in the mitochondria, as determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence studies. We found that mouse coronary ECs (MCECs) isolated from Cx40 knockout (Cx40 KO) mice exhibited significantly lower resting mitochondrial calcium concentration ([Ca2+]mito) than MCECs from wild-type (WT) mice. After increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyto) with cyclopiazonic acid, calcium uptake into the mitochondria was significantly attenuated in MCECs from Cx40 KO mice compared with WT MCECs. There was no difference in resting [Ca2+]cyto and store-operated calcium entry in MCECs from WT and Cx40 KO mice. We also detected a significant decrease in the concentration of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Cx40 KO MCECs. Cx40 overexpression in ECs significantly increased resting [Ca2+]mito level and calcium uptake by mitochondria in response to increased [Ca2+]cyto and augmented mitochondrial ROS production. These data suggest that mitochondrial Cx40 contributes to the regulation of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis.
Na-K-ATPase regulates intercellular communication in the vascular wall via cSrc kinase-dependent connexin43 phosphorylation
Authors: Hangaard Lise , Bouzinova Elena V. , Staehr Christian , Dam Vibeke S. , Kim Sukhan , Xie Zijian , Aalkjaer Christian , Matchkov Vladimir V.
Published: January 2017

Communication between vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is dependent on gap junctions and is regulated by the Na-K-ATPase. The Na-K-ATPase is therefore important for synchronized VSMC oscillatory activity, i.e., vasomotion. The signaling between the Na-K-ATPase and gap junctions is unknown. We tested here the hypothesis that this signaling involves cSrc kinase. Intercellular communication was assessed by membrane capacitance measurements of electrically coupled VSMCs. Vasomotion in isometric myograph, input resistance, and synchronized [Ca2+]i transients were used as readout for intercellular coupling in rat mesenteric small arteries in vitro. Phosphorylation of cSrc kinase and connexin43 (Cx43) were semiquantified by Western blotting. Micromole concentration of ouabain reduced the amplitude of norepinephrine-induced vasomotion and desynchronized Ca2+ transients in VSMC in the arterial wall. Ouabain also increased input resistance in the arterial wall. These effects of ouabain were antagonized by inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation with genistein, PP2, and by an inhibitor of the Na-K-ATPase-dependent cSrc activation, pNaKtide. Moreover, inhibition of cSrc phosphorylation increased vasomotion amplitude and decreased the resistance between cells in the vascular wall. Ouabain inhibited the electrical coupling between A7r5 cells, but pNaKtide restored the electrical coupling. Ouabain increased cSrc autophosphorylation of tyrosine 418 (Y418) required for full catalytic activity whereas pNaKtide antagonized it. This cSrc activation was associated with Cx43 phosphorylation of tyrosine 265 (Y265). Our findings demonstrate that Na-K-ATPase regulates intercellular communication in the vascular wall via cSrc-dependent Cx43 tyrosine phosphorylation.
Lack of skeletal muscle IL-6 influences hepatic glucose metabolism in mice during prolonged exercise
Authors: Bertholdt Lærke , Gudiksen Anders , Schwartz Camilla L. , Knudsen Jakob G. , Pilegaard Henriette
Published: January 2017

The liver is essential in maintaining and regulating glucose homeostasis during prolonged exercise. IL-6 has been shown to be secreted from skeletal muscle during exercise and has been suggested to signal to the liver. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of skeletal muscle IL-6 on hepatic glucose regulation and substrate choice during prolonged exercise. Skeletal muscle-specific IL-6 knockout (IL-6 MKO) mice (age, 12–14 wk) and littermate lox/lox (Control) mice were either rested (Rest) or completed a single bout of exercise for 10, 60, or 120 min, and the liver was quickly obtained. Hepatic IL-6 mRNA was higher at 60 min of exercise, and hepatic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 was higher at 120 min of exercise than at rest in both genotypes. Hepatic glycogen was higher in IL-6 MKO mice than control mice at rest, but decreased similarly during exercise in the two genotypes, and hepatic glucose content was lower in IL-6 MKO than control mice at 120 min of exercise. Hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA and protein increased in both genotypes at 120 min of exercise, whereas hepatic glucose 6 phosphatase protein remained unchanged. Furthermore, IL-6 MKO mice had higher hepatic pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)Ser232 and PDHSer300 phosphorylation than control mice at rest. In conclusion, hepatic gluconeogenic capacity in mice is increased during prolonged exercise independent of muscle IL-6. Furthermore, Skeletal muscle IL-6 influences hepatic substrate regulation at rest and hepatic glucose metabolism during prolonged exercise, seemingly independent of IL-6 signaling in the liver.
Diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease progression: role of DPP4
Authors: Nistala Ravi , Savin Virginia
Published: January 2017

The protein dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is a target in diabetes management and reduction of associated cardiovascular risk. Inhibition of the enzymatic function and genetic deletion of DPP4 is associated with tremendous benefits to the heart, vasculature, adipose tissue, and the kidney in rodent models of obesity, diabetes and hypertension, and associated complications. The recently concluded, “Saxagliptin Assessment of Vascular Outcomes Recorded in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus—Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 53” trial revealed a reduction in proteinuria in chronic kidney disease patients (stages 1-3). These results have spurred immense interest in the nonenzymatic and enzymatic role of DPP4 in the kidney. DPP4 is expressed predominantly in the glomeruli and S1–S3 segments of the nephron and to a lesser extent in other segments. DPP4 is known to facilitate absorption of cleaved dipeptides and regulate the function of the sodium/hydrogen exchanger-3 in the proximal tubules. DPP4, also known as CD26, has an important role in costimulation of lymphocytes via caveolin-1 on antigen-presenting cells in peripheral blood. Herein, we present our perspectives for the ongoing interest in the role of DPP4 in the kidney.
Sleeping beauty: awakening urothelium from its slumber
Authors: Balsara Zarine R. , Li Xue
Published: January 2017

The bladder urothelium is essentially quiescent but regenerates readily upon injury. The process of urothelial regeneration harkens back to the process of urothelial development whereby urothelial stem/progenitor cells must proliferate and terminally differentiate to establish all three urothelial layers. How the urothelium regulates the level of proliferation and the timing of differentiation to ensure the precise degree of regeneration is of significant interest in the field. Without a carefully-orchestrated process, urothelial regeneration may be inadequate, thereby exposing the host to toxins or pathogens. Alternatively, regeneration may be excessive, thereby setting the stage for tumor development. This review describes our current understanding of urothelial regeneration. The current controversies surrounding the identity and location of urothelial progenitor cells that mediate urothelial regeneration are discussed and evidence for each model is provided. We emphasize the factors that have been shown to be crucial for urothelial regeneration, including local growth factors that stimulate repair, and epithelial-mesenchymal cross talk, which ensures feedback regulation. Also highlighted is the emerging concept of epigenetic regulation of urothelial regeneration, which additionally fine tunes the process through transcriptional regulation of cell cycle genes and growth and differentiation factors. Finally, we emphasize how several of these pathways and/or programs are often dysregulated during malignant transformation, further corroborating their importance in directing normal urothelial regeneration. Together, evidence in the field suggests that any attempt to exploit regenerative programs for the purposes of enhanced urothelial repair or replacement must take into account this delicate balance.
Four‐Week Consumption of Malaysian Honey Reduces Excess Weight Gain and Improves Obesity‐Related Parameters in High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats
Authors: Samat Suhana , Kanyan Enchang Francis , Nor Hussein Fuzina , Wan Ismail Wan Iryani
Published: January 2017

Many studies revealed the potential of honey consumption in controlling obesity. However, no study has been conducted using Malaysian honey. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of two local Malaysian honey types: Gelam and Acacia honey in reducing excess weight gain and other parameters related to obesity. The quality of both honey types was determined through physicochemical analysis and contents of phenolic and flavonoid. Male Sprague‐Dawley rats were induced to become obese using high fat diet (HFD) prior to introduction with/without honey or orlistat for four weeks. Significant reductions in excess weight gain and adiposity index were observed in rats fed with Gelam honey compared to HFD rats. Moreover, levels of plasma glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol, plasma leptin and resistin, liver enzymes, renal function test, and relative organ weight in Gelam and Acacia honey treated groups were reduced significantly when compared to rats fed with HFD only. Similar results were also displayed in rats treated with orlistat, but with hepatotoxicity effects. In conclusion, consumption of honey can be used to control obesity by regulating lipid metabolism and appears to be more effective than orlistat.
Effects of Herb‐Partitioned Moxibustion on the miRNA Expression Profiles in Colon from Rats with DSS‐Induced Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Huang Yan , Ma Zhe , Cui Yun-hua , Dong Hong-sheng , Zhao Ji-meng , Dou Chuan-zi , Liu Hui-rong , Li Jing , Wu Huan-gan
Published: January 2017

Objective. This study explored the mechanism of herb‐partitioned moxibustion (HM) on dextran sulfate sodium‐ (DSS‐) induced ulcerative colitis (UC) from the miRNA perspective. Methods. Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups [normal control (NC) group, UC model (UC) group, and herb‐partitioned moxibustion (UCHM) group]. The UC and UCHM groups were administered 4% DSS for 7 days. The UCHM group received HM at the Tianshu (bilateral, ST25). The effect of HM on UC was observed and the miRNA expression profile in the colon tissues was analyzed. Results. Compared with the UC group, the body weights were significantly higher in the UCHM group on day 14 (P < 0.001); the macroscopic colon injury scores and microscopic histopathology scores in the UCHM group decreased (P < 0.05); and there were 15 differentially expressed miRNAs in the UCHM group. The changes in miR‐184 and miR‐490‐5p expression levels on the UC were reversed by HM intervention. Validation using qRT‐PCR showed that two miRNAs expression trend was consistent with the sequencing results. Conclusion. HM at ST25 might regulate miR‐184 and miR‐490‐5p expression, act on the transcription of their target genes to regulate inflammatory signaling pathways, and attenuate inflammation and tissue injury in the colons of rats with DSS‐induced UC.
A Generalization of the Krätzel Function and Its Applications
Authors: Dernek Neşe , Dernek Ahmet , Yürekli Osman
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we introduce new functionsYρ,rν(x)as a generalization of the Krätzel function. We investigate recurrence relations, Mellin transform, fractional derivatives, and integral of the functionYρ,rν(x). We show that the functionYρ,rν(x)is the solution of differential equations of fractional order.
An Undiagnosed Case of Hypothalamic Hamartoma with a Rare Presentation
Authors: Badihian Shervin , Bahrani Saeideh , Tabrizi Nasim , Moein Houshang , Zare Mohammad , Barekatain Majid , Basiratnia Reza , Rahimian Elham , Mehvari Habibabadi Amirali , Moein Payam , Mehvari Habibabadi Jafar
Published: January 2017

Background. Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are rare tumor-like malformations that may present with complex partial seizures refractory to anticonvulsants in adulthood. The condition may be misdiagnosed because of rarity.Case Presentation. We report a 25-year-old man with complaint of seizures presented by falling, tonic spasm of limbs, oral automatism, vocalization, and hypermotor activities. His seizures started at the age of one month and presented as eye deviation and upper limbs myoclonic jerk, followed by frequent seizures with variable frequency. The patient had delayed developmental milestones and was mentally retarded. He was hospitalized and underwent video-EEG monitoring and neuroimaging, and the diagnosis of HH was made. The patient became candidate for surgery after that.Conclusion. In this case, the underlying etiology of seizures was diagnosed after 25 years. HH is a rare condition and neurologists may encounter very small number of these cases during their practice. Therefore, they should consider it in patients who present with suspected signs and symptoms.
Advances and Prospects in Stem Cells for Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Wang Mingjie , Yuan Zhiguo , Ma Ning , Hao Chunxiang , Guo Weimin , Zou Gengyi , Zhang Yu , Chen Mingxue , Gao Shuang , Peng Jiang , Wang Aiyuan , Wang Yu , Sui Xiang , Xu Wenjing , Lu Shibi , Liu Shuyun , Guo Quanyi
Published: January 2017

The histological features of cartilage call attention to the fact that cartilage has a little capacity to repair itself owing to the lack of a blood supply, nerves, or lymphangion. Stem cells have emerged as a promising option in the field of cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine and could lead to cartilage repair. Much research has examined cartilage regeneration utilizing stem cells. However, both the potential and the limitations of this procedure remain controversial. This review presents a summary of emerging trends with regard to using stem cells in cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In particular, it focuses on the characterization of cartilage stem cells, the chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells, and the various strategies and approaches involving stem cells that have been used in cartilage repair and clinical studies. Based on the research into chondrocyte and stem cell technologies, this review discusses the damage and repair of cartilage and the clinical application of stem cells, with a view to increasing our systematic understanding of the application of stem cells in cartilage regeneration; additionally, several advanced strategies for cartilage repair are discussed.
Ticagrelor Associated Heart Block: The Need for Close and Continued Monitoring
Authors: Sharma Munish , Mascarenhas Daniel A. N.
Published: January 2017

Ticagrelor is an antiplatelet agent prescribed to prevent the development of adverse cardiac events after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). According to the PLATO trial, ticagrelor is associated with ventricular pauses in the first week of treatment; however, these episodes were felt to be asymptomatic and nonfatal to the patient. We present a case of ticagrelor related second-degree type II heart block causing severe dizziness and diaphoresis that resolved after discontinuation of the medication.
Copper Sulfide Catalyzed Porous Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Counter Electrode for Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells with High Fill Factor
Authors: Koyasu Satoshi , Atarashi Daiki , Sakai Etsuo , Miyauchi Masahiro
Published: January 2017

The performance of quantum dot-sensitized solar cell (QDSSC) is mainly limited by chemical reactions at the interface of the counter electrode. Generally, the fill factor (FF) of QDSSCs is very low because of large charge transfer resistance at the interface between the counter electrode and electrolyte solution containing redox couples. In the present research, we demonstrate the improvement of the resistance by optimization of surface area and amount of catalyst of the counter electrode. A facile chemical synthesis was used to fabricate a composite counter electrode consisting of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) powder and CuS nanoparticles. The introduction of a sputtered gold layer at the interface of the porous-FTO layer and underlying glass substrate also markedly reduced the resistance of the counter electrode. As a result, we could reduce the charge transfer resistance and the series resistance, which were 2.5 [Ω] and 6.0 [Ω], respectively. This solar cell device, which was fabricated with the presently designed porous-FTO counter electrode as the cathode and a PbS-modified electrode as the photoanode, exhibited a FF of 58%, which is the highest among PbS-based QDSSCs reported to date.
Removal of Heavy Metals from Drinking Water by Magnetic Carbon Nanostructures Prepared from Biomass
Authors: Muneeb Ur Rahman Khattak Muhammad , Zahoor Muhammad , Muhammad Bakhtiar , Khan Farhat Ali , Ullah Riaz , AbdEI-Salam Naser M.
Published: January 2017

Heavy metals contamination of drinking water has significant adverse effects on human health due to their toxic nature. In this study a new adsorbent, magnetic graphitic nanostructures were prepared from watermelon waste. The adsorbent was characterized by different instrumental techniques (surface area analyzer, FTIR, XRD, EDX, SEM, and TG/DTA) and was used for the removal of heavy metals (As, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) from water. The adsorption parameters were determined for heavy metals adsorption using Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The adsorption kinetics and effect of time, pH, and temperature on heavy metal ions were also determined. The best fits were obtained for Freundlich isotherm. The percent adsorption showed a decline at high pH. Best fit was obtained with second-order kinetics model for the kinetics experiments. The values ofΔH°andΔG°were negative while that ofΔS°was positive. The prepared adsorbent has high adsorption capacities and can be efficiently used for the removal of heavy metals from water.
NOTCH1 Mutations in Aortic Stenosis: Association with Osteoprotegerin/RANK/RANKL
Authors: Irtyuga Olga , Malashicheva Anna , Zhiduleva Ekaterina , Freylikhman Olga , Rotar Oxana , Bäck Magnus , Tarnovskaya Svetlana , Kostareva Anna , Moiseeva Olga
Published: January 2017

Background. The NOTCH pathway is known to be important in the pathogenesis of calcific aortic valve disease, possibly through regulators of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK), and its ligand (RANKL) system. The purpose of the present study was to search for possible associations between NOTCH1 gene mutations and circulating levels of OPG and soluble RANKL (sRANKL) in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). Methods. The study was performed on 61 patients with AS including 31 with bicuspid and 30 with tricuspid aortic valves. We applied a strategy of targeted mutation screening for 10 out of 34 exons of the NOTCH1 gene by direct sequencing. Serum OPG and sRANKL levels were assessed. Results. In total, 6 genetic variants of the NOTCH1 gene including two new mutations were identified in the study group. In an age- and arterial hypertension-adjusted multivariable regression analysis, the serum OPG levels and the OPG/sRANKL ratio were correlated with NOTCH1 missense variants. All studied missense variants in NOTCH1 gene were found in Ca(2+)-binding EGF motif of the NOTCH extracellular domain bound to Delta-like 4. Conclusion. Our results suggest that the OPG/RANKL/RANK system might be directly influenced by genetic variants of NOTCH1 in aortic valve calcification.
Mannose-Binding Lectin: Biologic Characteristics and Role in the Susceptibility to Infections and Ischemia-Reperfusion Related Injury in Critically Ill Neonates
Authors: Auriti Cinzia , Prencipe Giusi , Moriondo Maria , Bersani Iliana , Bertaina Chiara , Mondì Vito , Inglese Rita
Published: January 2017

The mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a member of the collectin family, belonging to the innate immunity system. Genetic, biologic, and clinical properties of MBL have been widely investigated throughout the last decades, although some interesting aspects of its potential clinical relevance are still poorly understood. Low circulating concentrations of MBL have been associated with increased risk of infection and poor neurologic outcome in neonates. On the other hand, an excessive and uncontrolled inflammatory response by the neonatal intestine after the exposure to luminal bacteria, leading to an increased production of MBL, may be involved in the onset of necrotizing enterocolitis. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the current knowledge about genetic and biologic characteristics of MBL and its role in the susceptibility to infections and to ischemia-reperfusion related tissue injuries to better explore its clinical relevance during the perinatal period and the possible future therapeutic applications.
Impact of Combined Subthalamic Nucleus and Substantia Nigra Stimulation on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease Patients
Authors: Hidding U. , Gulberti A. , Horn A. , Buhmann C. , Hamel W. , Koeppen J. A. , Westphal M. , Engel A. K. , Gerloff C. , Weiss D. , Moll C. K. E. , Pötter-Nerger M.
Published: January 2017

The goal of the study was to compare the tolerability and the effects of conventional subthalamic nucleus (STN) and combined subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra (STN+SNr) high-frequency stimulation in regard to neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson’s disease patients. In this single center, randomized, double-blind, cross-over clinical trial, twelve patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (1 female; age:61.3±7.3years; disease duration:12.3±5.4years; Hoehn and Yahr stage:2.2±0.39) were included. Apathy, fatigue, depression, and impulse control disorder were assessed using a comprehensive set of standardized rating scales and questionnaires such as the Lille Apathy Rating Scale (LARS), Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), Becks Depression Inventory (BDI-I), Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (QUIP-RS), and Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). Three patients that were initially assigned to the STN+SNr stimulation mode withdrew from the study within the first week due to discomfort. Statistical comparison of data retrieved from patients who completed the study revealed no significant differences between both stimulation conditions in terms of mean scores of scales measuring apathy, fatigue, depression, impulse control disorder, and quality of life. Individual cases showed an improvement of apathy under combined STN+SNr stimulation. In general, combined STN+SNr stimulation seems to be safe in terms of neuropsychiatric side effects, although careful patient selection and monitoring in the short-term period after changing stimulation settings are recommended.
An Asymptomatic and Overelongated Styloid Process
Authors: Soylu Emrah , Altan Ahmet , Sekerci Ahmet Ercan , Akbulut Nıhat
Published: January 2017

Elongation of the styloid process is a rare condition. Only 4% of patients have clinical symptoms where elongated styloid process (ESP) occasionally irritates or disrupts adjacent anatomical structures, which is called Eagle syndrome. This present report was aimed at reporting an asymptomatic ESP with unusual width and length.
False Positive Findings on I-131 WBS and SPECT/CT in Patients with History of Thyroid Cancer: Case Series
Authors: Hannoush Zeina C. , Palacios Juan D. , Kuker Russ A. , Casula Sabina
Published: January 2017

Introduction. Although whole body scan (WBS) with I-131 is a highly sensitive tool for detecting normal thyroid tissue and metastasis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), it is not specific. Additional information, provided by single photon emission computed tomography combined with X-ray computed tomography (SPECT/CT) and by the serum thyroglobulin level, is extremely useful for the interpretation of findings. Case Presentation. We report four cases of false positive WBS in patients with DTC: ovarian uptake corresponding to an endometrioma, scrotal uptake due to a spermatocele, rib-cage uptake due to an old fracture, and hepatic and renal uptake secondary to a granuloma and simple cyst, respectively. Conclusions. Trapping, organification, and storage of iodine are more prominent in thyroid tissue but not specific. Physiologic sodium-iodine symporter expression in other tissues explains some, but not all, of the WBS false positive cases. Other proposed etiologies are accumulation of radioiodine in inflamed organs, metabolism of radiodinated thyroid hormone, presence of radioiodine in body fluids, and contamination. In our cases nonthyroidal pathologies were suspected since the imaging findings were not corroborated by an elevated thyroglobulin level, which is considered a reliable tumor marker for most well-differentiated thyroid cancers. Clinicians should be aware of the potential pitfalls of WBS in DTC to avoid incorrect management.
Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor-1 Is a Valuable Marker for the Prediction of Deep Venous Thrombosis and Tumor Metastasis in Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Fei Xianming , Wang Huan , Yuan Wufeng , Wo Mingyi , Jiang Lei
Published: January 2017

Activation of blood coagulation contributes to cancer progression. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-1 (TFPI-1) is the main inhibitor of extrinsic coagulation pathway. The aim of this study is to assess the predicting significance of TFPI-1 for thrombotic complication and metastasis in lung cancer patients. Total of 188 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were included in this study. Plasma TFPI-1, D-dimer (D-D), antithrombin (AT), Fibrinogen (Fbg), and coagulating factor VIII activity (FVIII:C) were measured. In NSCLC patients, significantly decreased TFPI-1 and AT and increased D-D, Fbg, and FVIII:C levels were observed, and there was a significant correlation between TFPI-1 and other hemostatic parameters (P<0.001, resp.). NSCLC patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or metastasis had significantly lower TFPI-1 levels than those without DVT or metastasis (P<0.01, resp.). Multivariate regression revealed that TFPI-1 acted as a predictor for DVT or tumor metastasis in NSCLC patients [OR: 4.15 or 3.28,P<0.05, resp.]. The area under ROC curve of TFPI-1 was 0.905 (95% CI, 0.842~0.967) or 0.828 (95% CI, 0.742~0.915) for predicting DVT or metastasis (P<0.001, resp.). The optimal point of TFPI-1 was 57.7 or 54.3 ng/mL for predicting DVT or metastasis, respectively. Combination of TFPI-1 and D-D measurements can improve the predicting power for DVT or metastasis in NSCLC patients. Our findings suggested that TFPI-1 was a valuable predictor of DVT and tumor metastasis in NSCLC patients.
Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem Using an Improved Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Wang Lei , Cai Jingcao , Li Ming , Liu Zhihu
Published: January 2017

As an extension of the classical job shop scheduling problem, the flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP) plays an important role in real production systems. In FJSP, an operation is allowed to be processed on more than one alternative machine. It has been proven to be a strongly NP-hard problem. Ant colony optimization (ACO) has been proven to be an efficient approach for dealing with FJSP. However, the basic ACO has two main disadvantages including low computational efficiency and local optimum. In order to overcome these two disadvantages, an improved ant colony optimization (IACO) is proposed to optimize the makespan for FJSP. The following aspects are done on our improved ant colony optimization algorithm: select machine rule problems, initialize uniform distributed mechanism for ants, change pheromone’s guiding mechanism, select node method, and update pheromone’s mechanism. An actual production instance and two sets of well-known benchmark instances are tested and comparisons with some other approaches verify the effectiveness of the proposed IACO. The results reveal that our proposed IACO can provide better solution in a reasonable computational time.
Internet of Things: Architectures, Protocols, and Applications
Authors: Sethi Pallavi , Sarangi Smruti R.
Published: January 2017

The Internet of Things (IoT) is defined as a paradigm in which objects equipped with sensors, actuators, and processors communicate with each other to serve a meaningful purpose. In this paper, we survey state-of-the-art methods, protocols, and applications in this new emerging area. This survey paper proposes a novel taxonomy for IoT technologies, highlights some of the most important technologies, and profiles some applications that have the potential to make a striking difference in human life, especially for the differently abled and the elderly. As compared to similar survey papers in the area, this paper is far more comprehensive in its coverage and exhaustively covers most major technologies spanning from sensors to applications.
Combined TRAF6 Targeting and Proteasome Blockade Has Anti-myeloma and Anti-Bone Resorptive Effects
Authors: Chen Haiming , Li Mingjie , Sanchez Eric , Wang Cathy S. , Lee Tiffany , Soof Camilia M. , Casas Christian E. , Cao Jasmin , Xie Colin , Udd Kyle A. , DeCorso Kevin , Tang George Y. , Spektor Tanya M. , Berenson James R.
Published: January 2017

TNF receptor–associated factor 6 (TRAF6) has been implicated in polyubiquitin-mediated IL1R/TLR signaling through activation of IκB kinase (IKK) to regulate the NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways. Here, TRAF6 protein was determined to be overexpressed in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) from patients with multiple myeloma. TRAF6 expression in BMMCs from patients with progressive disease is significantly elevated as compared with individuals in complete remission, with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, or healthy subjects. Furthermore, TRAF6 dominant–negative (TRAF6dn) peptides were constructed which specifically reduced TRAF6 signaling and activation of IKK. TRAF6 not only reduced cellular growth but also increased the apoptosis of multiple myeloma tumor cells in a concentration-dependent fashion. Because TRAF6 activates IKK through polyubiquitination, independent of its proteasome activity, a TRAF6dn peptide was combined with the proteasome inhibitors bortezomib or carfilzomib to treat multiple myeloma. Importantly, targeting of TRAF6 in the presence of proteasome inhibition enhanced anti–multiple myeloma effects and also decreased TLR/TRAF6/NF-κB–related signaling. Finally, TRAF6dn dose dependently inhibited osteoclast cell formation from CD14+ monocytes, induced with RANKL and mCSF, and markedly reduced bone resorption in dentin pits. In all, these data demonstrate that blocking TRAF6 signaling has anti–multiple myeloma effects and reduces bone loss.

Implications: The ability to target TRAF6 signaling and associated pathways in multiple myeloma suggests a promising new therapeutic approach. Mol Cancer Res; 15(5); 598–609. ©2017 AACR.
The Role of White Matter Damage in the Risk of Periprocedural Diffusion-Weighted Lesions after Carotid Artery Stenting
Authors: Maggio Paola , Altamura Claudia , Lupoi Domenico , Paolucci Matteo , Altavilla Riccardo , Tibuzzi Francesco , Passarelli Francesco , Arpesani Roberto , Di Giambattista Guido , Grasso Rosario Francesco , Luppi Giacomo , Fiacco Fabrizio , Silvestrini Mauro , Pasqualetti Patrizio , Vernieri Fabrizio
Published: January 2017

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a common finding in aged individuals affected by carotid artery disease and are a risk factor for first-ever and recurrent stroke. We investigated if white matter damage increases the risk of brain microembolism during carotid artery stenting (CAS), as evaluated by the appearance of new areas of restricted diffusion on diffusion-weighted images (DWI). Methods: We evaluated 47 patients with severe internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis undergoing CAS, comparing preprocedural clinical, ultrasound and radiological characteristics. WMH volume was computed on FLAIR images before CAS. After CAS, the DWI scan was looked over for areas of restricted diffusion (DWI lesions). A first univariate analysis was adopted to compare groups according to the occurrence of DWI lesions. Then, the variable DWI lesion was modelled by means of a logistic regression model. Results: Seventeen patients developed at least 1 DWI lesion after CAS. Compared with non-DWI, DWI patients were more commonly treated in the left ICA (p = 0.007) and had a more severe WMH damage (p = 0.027). Indeed, the risk of a DWI lesion was higher in left versus right stenosis (OR = 9.0, 95% CI 1.9-42.7, p = 0.005) and increased for each log-unit of WMH lesion load (OR = 7.05, 95% CI 1.07-46.49, p = 0.042). A WMH lesion load of at least 5.25 cm3 had a 50% probability of occurrence of a new DWI lesion. Conclusions: Treated side and preexisting white matter damage are risk conditions for brain microembolism during CAS. This should be taken into account to optimize severe carotid artery disease management.
Effective Intravitreal Injections of Bevacizumab in a Case of Serous Macular Detachment from the Superior Border of the Posterior Staphyloma
Authors: Tsubota Yukiko , Takahashi Hidenori , Sugisaki Kenji , Tanabe Tatsuro , Fujino Yujiro
Published: January 2017

Purpose: We present an atypical case of submacular fluid leading to serous macular detachment. Method/Patient: A 69-year-old man was evaluated for metamorphopsia in the left eye. Results: Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in both eyes. He had undergone cataract surgeries in both eyes 12 years ago. The axial length was 25.93 mm (OD) and 24.12 mm (OS). Optical coherence tomography showed posterior staphylomas and subretinal fluid on the superior border of the staphylomas in both eyes; in the left eye, submacular fluid was noted extending up to the macula. Fundus fluorescein angiography revealed leakage from the superior border of the staphylomas in both eyes. The fluid persisted for 4 months. Four consecutive, monthly injections of bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 mL) were administered in the left eye; subsequently, the subretinal fluid gradually dissipated from the macula and became localized at the superior border of the staphyloma. This localization persisted for 12 months. Conclusions: We have detailed a case of submacular fluid that spread from the superior border of the posterior staphyloma in a patient with macular detachment, in whom intravitreal injections of bevacizumab were highly effective in eliminating the fluid.
Investigation of New Therapeutic Targets in Undifferentiated Endometrial Sarcoma
Authors: Baek Min-Hyun , Park Jeong-Yeol , Rhim Chae Chun , Kim Jong-Hyeok , Park Yangsoon , Kim Kyu-Rae , Nam Joo-Hyun
Published: January 2017

Background: Undifferentiated endometrial sarcoma (UES) is a very rare subtype of uterine sarcoma, which has no consensus on the treatment. We investigated the expression of potential new therapeutic targets in UES to improve its aggressive clinical course and poor survival outcome. Methods: The immunohistochemical expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), c-KIT, c-ABL, platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), protein kinase B (AKT1), mammalian target of rapamycin, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2), Wilms tumor (WT1), aromatase inhibitor (CYP19A1), and histone deacetylase (HDAC) series in 10 UES patients were assessed using tissue microarrays. Results: Strongly positive immunoreactivities were observed for VEGF, AKT1, and HDAC2/7 in 8 (80.0%) tumors; for CYP19A1 and HDAC6 in 9 (90%) tumors; and for HDAC1/4/8 in 10 (100%) tumors. Strong expression of CYP19A1 and HDAC6 was associated with distant recurrence (p = 0.030, both), and expression of WT1 indicated a more advanced stage (p = 0.033). UES treated with adjuvant therapy showed better disease-free and overall survivals (both 0 vs. 33.3%, p = 0.003). Conclusion: VEGF, AKT1, CYP19A1, and the HDAC1/2/4/6/7/8 series show an especially high frequency of strong immunoreactivity in UES and can be considered potential therapeutic targets.
Treatment of Hypernatremia in Breastfeeding Neonates: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bischoff Adrianne Rahde , Dornelles Alícia Dorneles , Carvalho Clarissa Gutierrez
Published: January 2017

Background/Aims: Hypernatremic dehydration in term neonates is associated with inadequate fluid intake, usually related to insufficient lactation. The use of hypotonic fluids is appropriate to dilute serum sodium (SNa), but cerebral edema may develop when it happens abruptly. Our objective was to clarify how to correct hypernatremic dehydration properly. Methods: The following databases were searched, limited to studies published until January 31st, 2016: Clinical Trials, MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, and the Cochrane Library. We included open-label trials, nonrandomized controlled trials, or prospective and retrospective case series evaluating relevant outcomes. Information regarding the way of administering the treatment, type of fluid used, rates of complications and outcomes, as well as the rate of SNa reduction were collected. Results: Searches yielded 771 articles: 64 had the full text reviewed and 9 were included. No randomized clinical trials or systematic reviews focusing on treatment of hypernatremic dehydration and its outcomes were found. We found a scarcity of high quality studies and great methodology heterogeneity. Conclusions: More severe hypernatremia is at greater risk of causing severe adverse effects of treatment. There is no consensus about the optimal rate of SNa drop in this population, but a slower correction appears to be safer. Questions as when parenteral fluids are indicated remain unanswered.