bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Makroekonomske
determinante dioničkih cijena na primjeru Hrvatske
Authors: Arnerić Josip , Vladović Luka
Published: April 2021

Cilj je ovog rada istražiti povezanost između makroekonomskih pokazatelja hrvatskog
gospodarstva i dioničkih cijena na Zagrebačkoj burzi. U tu svrhu korišteni su
panel-podatci i korigirani procjenitelj fiksnog efekta. U dosadašnjim
istraživanjima na ovu temu nije korišten korigirani procjenitelj fiksnog
efekta, već su korišteni ostali procjenitelji statičkih panel-modela (procjenitelj
s fiksnim efektom i združeni procjenitelj) i dinamičkih panel-modela
(Arellano-Bondov procjenitelj i Blundell-Bondov procjenitelj), stoga korištenje
korigiranog procjenitelja fiksnog efekta predstavlja glavni doprinos ovoga
rada. Rezultati procijenjenih dinamičkih panel-modela pokazali
su kako na cijene dionica na hrvatskom tržištu kapitala statistički značajan i
pozitivan utjecaj imaju cijene istih dionica iz prethodnog kvartala, indeks
industrijske proizvodnje, realni BDP, inflacija i kamatne stope. S druge
strane, negativan utjecaj imaju indeks pouzdanja potrošača, ESI, indeks cijena
nekretnina, neto štednja sektora kućanstva te dug opće države.
Evaluation of objective video quality assessment methods on video sequences with different spatial and temporal activity encoded at different spatial resolutions
Authors: Vlaović Jelena , Žagar Drago , Rimac-Drlje Snježana , Vranješ Mario
Published: April 2021

With the development of Video on Demand applications due to the availability of high-speed internet access, adaptive streaming algorithms have been developing and improving. The focus is on improving
user’s Quality of Experience (QoE) and taking it into account as one of
the parameters for the adaptation algorithm. Users often experience changing network conditions, so the goal is to ensure stable video playback with satisfying QoE level. Although subjective Video Quality Assessment (VQA) methods provide more accurate results regarding user’s QoE, objective VQA methods cost less and are less time-consuming. In this article, nine different objective VQA methods are compared on a large set of video sequences with various spatial and temporal activities. VQA methods used in this analysis are: Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), MultiScale Structural Similarity Index (MS-SSIM), Video Quality Metric (VQM), Mean Sum of Differences (DELTA), Mean Sum of Absolute Differences (MSAD), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Netflix Video Multimethod Assessment Fusion (Netflix VMAF) and Visual Signal-to-Noise Ratio (VSNR). The video sequences used for testing purposes were encoded according to H.264/AVC with twelve different target coding bitrates, at three different spatial
resolutions (resulting in a total of 190 sequences). In addition to objective quality assessment, subjective quality assessment was performed for these sequences. All results acquired by objective VQA methods have been compared with subjective Mean Opinion Score (MOS) results using Pearson Linear Correlation Coefficient (PLCC). Measurement
results obtained on a large set of video sequences with different spatial resolutions show that VQA methods like SSIM and VQM correlate better with MOS results compared to PSNR, SSIM, VSNR, DELTA, MSE, VMAF and MSAD. However, the PLCC results for SSIM and VQM are too low (0.7799
and 0.7734, respectively), for the usage of these methods in streaming services instead of subjective testing. These results suggest that more efficient VQA methods should be developed to be used in streaming testing procedures as well as to support the video segmentation process.
Furthermore, when comparing results obtained for different spatial resolutions, it can be concluded that the quality of video sequences encoded at lower spatial resolutions in cases of lower target coding bitrate is higher compared to the quality of video sequences encoded at higher spatial resolutions at the same target coding bitrate, particularly when video sequences with higher spatial and temporal information are used.
The Effect of Space-filling Curves on the Efficiency of Hand Gesture Recognition Based on sEMG Signals
Authors: Tsinganos Panagiotis , Cornelis Bruno , Cornelis Jan , Jansen Bart , Skodras Athanassios
Published: April 2021

Over the past few years, Deep learning (DL) has revolutionized the field
of data analysis. Not only are the algorithmic paradigms changed, but also the performance in various classification and prediction tasks has been significantly improved with respect to the state-of-the-art, especially in the area of computer vision. The progress made in computer
vision has produced a spillover in many other domains, such as biomedical engineering. Some recent works are directed towards surface electromyography (sEMG) based hand gesture recognition, often addressed as an image classification problem and solved using tools such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). This paper extends our previous work on the application of the Hilbert space-filling curve for the generation of image representations from multi-electrode sEMG signals, by investigating how the Hilbert curve compares to the Peano- and Z-order space-filling curves. The proposed space-filling mapping methods
are evaluated on a variety of network architectures and in some cases yield a classification improvement of at least 3%, when used to structure the inputs before feeding them into the original network architectures.
The Use of Movies as Reading Comprehension Materials for Eighth Grade
Authors: Hanif Nurman , Wiedarti Pangesti
Published: April 2021

The aim of this article is to describe the use of movies as reading materials for the eighth grade of junior high school. Movies can be developed as materials to enhance students’ critical thinking and improve their comprehension through multimodal texts provided as their visual media in learning reading. By reading the subtitles of the movies, students could improve their reading skill supporting by visualization of images. The literature review of this article recommended why movies should be developed as reading materials in language learning with their advantages and benefits. Many previous studies suggested that movies could be the appropriate media for English language teaching to motivate students and improve their language skills. English teachers could modify and develop reading materials based on the movies' content to encourage students in language learning. This research applied research and development by adopting the Borg & Gall design. The data techniques of this research included a questionnaire, interview, observation, and documentation. The result of this research indicated that the total mean scores of material aspects, language aspects, and graphic aspects ranged from 3.00 to 3.50. Therefore, the scores were categorized as good and very good. Thus, it can be concluded that the developed product of this research was valid, effective, and appropriate.
The Semiotics of Christian Theological Translation and Interpreting
Authors: Yamat Ezuoke, Chukwudinma O. , Ngozi IJIOMA, Patricia
Published: April 2021

The Christian theological text, whether written or oral is a derivative of a sacred text called The Bible, thus, making the theological text a second order text. This makes it possible for the Christian theological text to adopt first of all, the semiotic forms of The Bible: signs, symbols, vestments and colours as well as those of the modern church. Semiotic translation which implies a decoding of signs and symbols, interprets textual signs and symbols in a source text (ST) to the target audience (TA). Hence, translation is an interpretative activity. The translation of Christian theological semiotics could be done in-text, in footnotes or in notes and references as a form of elucidation to the target audience.  Theology is a discipline and as such, most of its signs and symbols are technical. To deal with its semiotics is part of the deverbalisation process which its translator must engage in, in order to understand the source text (ST) and to reverbalise the same. The paper aims at furnishing Christian theological translators with the meanings of selected Christian theological signs and symbols. This is a plunge into the dynamic equivalence of the signs and symbols, since formal equivalence, calque and loaning do not deliver the relevant comprehension needed by the translator for adequate reverbalisation of the source text. The paper highlights the importance of semiotic research in the translation of Christian theological texts.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ДИНАМІЧНОЇ НАВАНТАЖЕНОСТІ ВАГОНІВ ІЗ ПРУЖНИМИ ЕЛЕМЕНТАМИ В НЕСУЧИХ КОНСТРУКЦІЯХ
Authors: Fomin О.V. , Lovska А.О.
Published: April 2021

Вступ. Транспортна галузь є невід’ємною частиною розвитку національної економіки країни. Для забезпечення її безперебійного функціонування особлива ува- га має приділятися технічній забезпеченості залізничного парку. Тому важливим є впровадження заходів, які сприятимуть покращенню експлуатації рухомого складу. Мета. Обґрунтування впровадження пружних елементів у несучі конструкції ван- тажних вагонів для зменшення їх динамічної навантаженості в експлуатації. Результати. Для зменшення динамічної навантаженості основних типів вантажних вагонів в експлуатації запропоновано впровадження в їх несучі конструкції пружних елементів. За рахунок опору сил сухого тертя між вертикальними частинами гори- зонтальних листів, під якими розміщуються пружні елементи, та стінок П-подібного профілю здійснюється зменшення динамічної навантаженості несучих конструкцій вагонів. Для обґрунтування запропонованого рішення проведено математичне моделю- вання. Для цього складено математичну модель, яка враховує вертикальні переміщення вагонів, що рухаються в порожньому стані стиковою нерівністю. Розв’язок матема- тичної моделі здійснений у програмному комплексі MathCad. Дослідження проведені стосовно найбільш поширених типів вантажних вагонів в експлуатації: напіввагон, вагон-платформа, критий вагон. Встановлено, що запропоновані рішення дають змогу зменшити динамічну навантаженість несучих конструкцій вагонів порівняно з ваго- нами-прототипами: напіввагон – 35%, вагон-платформа – 15%, критий вагон – 20%. Хід руху вагонів оцінюється як «відмінний». Висновки. Проведені дослідження спри- ятимуть зменшенню втомної міцності несучих конструкцій вагонів, створенню від- повідних напрацювань щодо проектування інноваційних конструкцій вагонів, а також підвищенню ефективності експлуатації залізничного транспорту.
Ранні наслідки впливу лісової пожежі на різноманітність грибних угруповань соснових лісів Лівобережної України з особливим акцентом на мікоризних грибах
Authors: Davydenko K. V. , Vysotska N. Yu. , Yushchyk V. S. , Markina T. Yu.
Published: April 2021

Forest fires constitute widespread and potentially destructive disturbances in forest ecosystems, particularly negative impact on soil mycorrhizal fungi which are major players of the belowground plant. This study investigated the short-term effects of wildfire on fungal communities in Left-Bank Ukraine with special emphasis on mycorrhizal fungi. During the fourteen months after autumn wildfire, fruiting bodies found in the plots were identified, and their mycological richness, diversity and production in both burned and unburnt areas were measured. Total fungal diversity decreased in burned plots, where fungal richness and diversity of mycorrhizal species were significantly lower. Our results also confirmed the data on a rather destructive influence of post-fire forest management on fungal diversity. Only three mycorrhizal fungi associated with Pinus sylvestris L. were common to both sites while pyrophilic species were in close association with burned sites.
3 Figs., 1 Table, 31 Refs.

Key words: mycorrhiza, pine plantation, post-fire erosion, wildfire.
Мінливість і взаємозв’язки морфолого- анатомічних показників хвої сосни звичайної в умовах свіжого субору
Authors: Tereshchenko L. І. , Gordiyashchenko A. Y. , Samoday V.P.
Published: April 2021

Метою дослідження був пошук маркерних ознак, які ідентифікують дерева, та взаємозв’язків морфолого-анатомічних показників хвої дерев сосни звичайної (Pinus sylvestris L.) на основі вивчення мінливості ознак у насадженні ДП «Тростянецьке лісове господарство» Сумської області. Гілки з хвоєю заготовлено із середньої частини крони 31 дерева в умовах свіжого субору. Визначення зв’язків між показниками здійснено кореляційним, графічним і регресійним методами аналізу. Виявлено, що амплітуда варіювання довжини дворічної хвої була на 18 % більшою, ніж однорічної. Коефіцієнти варіації більшості морфолого-анатомічних показників дерев відповідають низькому та середньому рівням ендогенної мінливості, підвищеним рівень мінливості є лише для показника відстані між провідними пучками в центральному циліндрі. До морфолого-анатомічних ознак хвої, які диференціюють дерева, належать: довжина хвої, площу її поперечного перерізу, ширина хвої, ширина центрального циліндра та кількість смоляних каналів. Зроблено припущення про можливість використання маркером мікропопуляційного рівня співвідношення індексу форми центрального циліндра та індексу форми поперечного перерізу хвої.

Ключові слова: Pinus sylvestris L., параметри хвої, пагони, центральний циліндр, маркерні ознаки, смоляні канали.
Сезонні особливості виникнення пожеж в листяних лісах зеленої зони міста Харків
Authors: Melnyk Ye. Ye. , Voron V. P.
Published: April 2021

Наведено результати досліджень тенденцій виникнення пожеж у листяних лісах зеленої зони міста Харків на прикладі насаджень ДП «Жовтневе ЛГ» та ДП «Харківська ЛНДС» за період 2005–2018 рр. Визначено середньорічні кількість і площу пожеж та горимість листяних лісів, а також кількість і площі пожеж у цих лісах за різних класів пожежної небезпеки за умовами погоди та за різного значення комплексного показника пожежної небезпеки в окремі пори року. Проаналізовано кількість випадків пожеж у середньому за день для листяних лісів за різних класів пожежної небезпеки за умовами погоди у весняний, літній та осінній сезони. Наведені дані використано для оцінювання місцевої шкали класів пожежної небезпеки за умовами погоди та для поліпшення прогнозування й попередження займань у листяних лісах.

Ключові слова: лісова пожежа, загоряння в лісі, пожежонебезпечний період, комплексний показник пожежної небезпеки.
Non-thermal argon plasma biocidal effect on the barley seed microbiota
Authors:   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kharlamov V.A. , Polyakova I.V. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Petrukhina D.I. ,   Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology
Published: April 2021

The non - thermal argon plasma biocidal effect to be determined by the decrease in the total microbial count (36.7% reduction when barley seeds are treated for 5 minutes) of the surface microbiota has been shown. Microorganisms of the surface microbiota of the studied seeds have been isolated and identified. Plasma treatment is recommended to reduce microbiological contamination of agricultural plant seeds.
The optimal method for assessing gas reserves based on the calculation of gas hydrodynamic parameters
Authors: Roy M.M , Akulshin O.O , Solovyov V.V , Usenko V.H , Limar I.V
Published: April 2021

Purpose. Development of a new methodology for calculating gas reserves for gas wells of any productivity. Methodology. The calculation method was developed using the theoretical provisions of gas dynamics. It is based on the actual data from the study on gas wells in one developed mode. Findings. For the first time, a methodology for calculating gas reserves was proposed during the development of one study mode. In parallel with the calculation of gas reserves, the possibility of analytical calculation of a significant number of gas-hydrodynamic parameters opens up. Originality. The developed methods for calculating the value of the initial gas reserves and gas-hydrodynamic parameters of the studied gas objects have no analogs in domestic and world practice. The first of the methods is distinguished by the simplicity of calculation and the availability of the initial data for its use. The second is based on the differential, differential-integral, and integral methods to improve the accuracy of the calculated results. Practical value. The new methods for calculating gas reserves will make it possible to quickly assess hydrocarbon raw materials in the investigated object. The availability, minimization, and accuracy of the initial data for calculating gas reserves are undoubtedly signs of the optimality of the method. The simplicity of the calculation makes it possible to widely use the technique. The use of a new methodology for interpreting the results of gas well research in one mode will make it possible to depart from the traditional research method. Due to this, the number of research modes is reduced by several times. It also means a reduction in emissions to the atmosphere if the well is not operated with backpressure at the wellhead. A significant reduction in the cost of the research process due to the reduction in research time is also a factor in significant savings in research funds.
Predicting changes in the sulfur content during steam coal preparation and the level of sulfur dioxide emissions when its combustion
Authors: Chernyavskyy M.V , Voronov A.M , Moiseienko O.V , Duliienko S.H , Monastyriova T.M
Published: April 2021

Purpose. Development of a method and forecast estimation of sulfur dioxide emission reduction during combustion of steam coal by regulating its quality during coal preparation. Methodology. Study on sulfur content in coal using sieve, fractional analysis, analysis of ash and total sulfur content. Forecasting of sulfur content in concentrate according to the developed calculation method. Production tests at the coal preparation plant. Forecasting of the level of SO2 emissions during pulverized coal combustion according to the developed calculation method. Findings. The distribution of sulfur content of Ukrainian steam bituminous coal by size classes depending on ash content is investigated; the proximity of sulfur content to the linear dependance on the ash content of the run-of-mine coal, rock-free substance, rock and concentrate is proved. The calculations of the level of SO2 emissions during pulverized combustion of coal and its cleaned products taking into account their elemental composition is performed, and the linear dependence of the level of SO2 emissions on the total sulfur content to lower heating value (LHV) ratio is proved. Based on the obtained results, methods are developed for determining the expected sulfur content in the concentrate and the forecasted level of SO2 emissions during its combustion; the optimal depth of preparation for the coal from various mines is determined by the criterion of compliance of the SO2 emission level with the current environmental standards. Originality. Proximity of the sulfur content to the linear dependence on the ash content of the run-of-mine coal, rock-free substance, rock and concentrate is proved. The linear dependence of the level of SO2 emissions on the ratio of the total sulfur content to LHV during pulverized combustion of coal and its clean products is proved. Practical value. A method has been developed for determining the expected sulfur content in the products of coal preparation by jigging, taking into account the allowable content of the high-density fraction in the concentrate and adding dense slimes to the coal preparation products. A method has been developed for determining the predicted level of SO2 emissions during their combustion. The optimal depth of the coal preparation for coal from various mines has been determined by the criterion of compliance of the level of SO2 emissions with the current environmental standards.
Investigation on the process of injection of commercial grade and blended fuel in a diesel engine
Authors: Abramchuk F.I , Avramenko A.M , Kuzmenko A.P
Published: April 2021

Purpose. A computational valuation of the parameters of the process of commercial grade and blended fuel flow in the injector nozzle of a locomotive diesel engine, and its impact on spraying conditions in the combustion chamber. Methodology. The scientific investigation is based on using the technique of a comparative numerical experiment. Modern numerical methods in computational fluid dynamics are used for simulating fuel flow and spraying processes in the injector nozzle and combustion chamber. Findings. It was found that when working with commercial grade fuel with maximum pressure in the area of the injector well of 85MPa, the fuel flow velocity in the fuel injection nozzle hole reaches 434 m/s, whereas when working with fuel blended with alcohol the velocity decreases to 429 m/s (at a 25% alcohol concentration). Due to the lower pressure of saturated vapours of the blended fuel, as compared to that of commercial grade fuel, the fuel-air mixing conditions degrade at the operating duty being investigated. Originality. The investigation helped to study the impact of blended fuel composition on changes in the processes of its flow in the injector nozzle, and on the injection into the combustion chamber and the fuel-air mixing conditions. The study results helped to develop recommendations on ensuring effective ICE operation with blended fuel. Practical value. A change in the conditions of blended fuel spraying and fuel-air mixing should be taken into account when choosing effective fuel injection advance angles and fueling principles in order to ensure high ICE economic and ecological performance.
New aspects of the methodology for assessing the complexity of the structure of technological systems of the mining and metallurgical complex
Authors: Rud Yu.S , Bilonozhko V.Yu
Published: April 2021

Purpose. To develop a new approach to evaluating the complexity of the structure of technological systems of mining and metallurgical complex with the proposed integrated index. The practical application of this indicator is due to the methodological difficulties arising when determining the hierarchical level of the elements of the systems studied. Methodology. A systematic approach is applied that allow us to explore industrial complexes of equipment as systems objects and present them in the form of technological systems. Methods of analysis and synthesis are used that allow us to identify common elements in the known methods for estimating the complexity of systems and to develop a new methodological approach to the process of decomposition systems. Methods of simulation of technological systems are applied, which allow submitting them in the form of models structural-element schemes. Findings. A new methodological approach is proposed to quantify the complexity of the structure of technological systems of mining and metallurgical complex, in which the process of decomposition of the system is performed by the method of successive cut-off of element connections with the system. Using the proposed decomposition method provides high accuracy and reliability when comparing technological systems with the structure of different hierarchical levels and consisting of a different number of subsystems and elements. Approbation of the developed method on the example of the pelletising plant pellets No. 2 of Pivnichnyi Mining and Processing Plant (Kryvyi Rih). It is shown that in the real technological systems the complexity of the structure occurs mainly due to the series connection of extra equipment rather than creating new relations. To increase the index of relative complexity of the technological system management structure, it is reasonable to use a combined series-parallel connection of additional technological equipment, which ensures the highest hierarchical level of the elements in the system. Originality. The originality of the new approach to assessing the complexity of structure of the technological systems of mining and metallurgical complex is to develop a method of decomposition of the system, the essence of which consists in the successive cutting off of the connection of the elements with the system. Practical value. The practical value of methodological approach the developed by the authors to estimate the complexity of the structure of the technological systems of the mining and metallurgical complex is that in contrast to the known method, the quantitative evaluation of system structure complexity is performed without performing the operation of the formal description of the structure. It provides high accuracy and reliability of the result, reduces the complexity of the evaluation process.
Control of density and velocity of emulsion explosives detonation for ore breaking
Authors: Kononenko M.M , Khomenko O.Ye , Kovalenko I.L , Savchenko M.V
Published: April 2021

Purpose.Development of a new procedure for calculating the density of emulsion explosives (EE), that will allow determining the detonation velocity along the charging length, depending on the inclination of boreholes during ore breaking. Methodology.A calculation method for the redistribution of EE density and mass in boreholes at different angles of inclination has been developed by using the well-known laws of hydrostatics. Measurement of the detonation velocity of the EE Ukrainit-PP-2B was conducted by using the method of polygon experimental tests. The numerical simulation of changes in the detonation velocity of explosives in boreholes was conducted by using the proposed method and established regularities. Findings.Methods of calculation of EE density changing along the charging column length under the action of hydrostatic pressure at different angles of inclination of both ascending and descending boreholes have been developed. Based on experimental data, regularities of detonation rate changing from density and charge diameter for EE Ukrainit-PP-2B, varying according to exponential law have been established. The rational initial density of EE Ukrainit-PP-2B has been established for ores breaking by boreholes, which is equal to 8001000 kg/m3, at which the detonation rate along the length of the charge column at different angles of inclination of the boreholes is maintained. The obtained results will allow controlling density and detonation velocity during ore breaking. Originality.The density of EE increases in the formed charging column under the action of hydrostatic pressure: in ascending boreholes from the face, while in descending boreholes from the brow. Practical value.Application of the calculation results of EE density at different inclination angles of boreholes makes it possible to determine in the charge column sections with its critical values more than 1410 kg/m3, at which a sharp attenuation of the detonation rate begins. Consideration of this phenomenon makes it possible to prevent the occurrence of failures at the explosion of charges in boreholes during ore breaking.
Determination of the cutting force components while milling cylindrical surfaces with an oriented tool
Authors: Kalchenko V.V , Tsybulya S.D , Kolohoida A.V , Sakhno Ye.Yu , Boyko S.V
Published: April 2021

Purpose. Construction of a general modular mathematical spatial model of the removal allowance process and shaping when milling round surfaces of rotation, such as camshaft necks, cylindrical surfaces of gearbox shafts and others. Determination of the components of the cutting forces when machining with crossed axes of the milling cutter and part in order to use the results when assigning machining modes. Methodology. Theoretical development of a modular mathematical model of the removal allowance process and shaping during milling of cylindrical surfaces was carried out using a matrix apparatus for converting coordinate systems. Unified modules were developed: instrumental, orientation and shaping, which allowed us to describe the processing of the part more clearly. All calculations were performed in the mathematical package Mathcad. Using the functions available in the package, a graphical representation of the mathematical model of the tool and machined surfaces was obtained. Using the logical blocks developed in the program, the characteristics of the treated surface were investigated, such as roughness in the axial and radial planes. The influence of the tool orientation angle and the number of cutter teeth on the roughness of the machined surface was investigated. The known formulas for calculating the cutting forces during milling are specified. Findings. A general modular mathematical spatial model is constructed of the removal process of an allowance and formation at milling by the oriented tool of round surfaces of rotation, such as necks of camshafts, cylindrical surfaces of shafts of transmissions and others. The roughness parameters of the treated surface are determined. The outflow of the tool characteristics and the angle of its orientation on the geometric roughness in the axial and radial sections is investigated. The area of the layer cut off by one tooth of a mill is defined. The calculation formulas are specified for finding the components of cutting forces during milling. Originality. A modular spatial model of the process of milling cylindrical surfaces with an oriented tool is proposed, on the basis of which the components of cutting forces are calculated, which can be used in designing new tools and improving machining conditions by the existing ones. Practical value. Based on the use of modern computer facilities and software, the developed calculation program allows controlling the process of forming cylindrical surfaces during their milling with an oriented tool. It also allows predicting the initial machining accuracy by determining the parameters of geometric roughness in axial and radial sections. This makes it possible to choose the optimal tool orientation angle, milling cutter parameters and cutting modes to achieve high productivity and processing quality.
Environmental water security policy in the EU, Ukraine and other developing countries
Authors: Mitryasova O.P , Pohrebennyk V.D , Petrov O.S , Bezsonov Ye.M , Smyrnov V.M
Published: April 2021

Purpose. To determine the key principles of environmental security of aquatic ecosystems in the context of sustainable use of natural resources and socio-economic development. Methodology. Comparative analysis and systematic approach. Findings. Principal aspects of water resources management in the states of the world are analyzed in the context of the provisions of the sustainable development concept. Comparison of countries with different levels of development has allowed identifying key methodological provisions that are implemented in the environmental policy ofwater. An approach to determination of the limiting indices of the impact on the environment is proposed. It was revealed that most post-Soviet countries do not use the concept of ecological system and ecosystem services in their legislative framework, which today are an integral part of the environmental policy and legislation of developed countries. The basic principles of the ecological safety of aquatic ecosystems are as follows: a water body (surface or underground ones) is a complex, functionally integrated and self-regulating ecological system. It cannot be considered as a volume with a resource for biological and amenity needs; priority in the water use should be given to the living components that exist in it and ensure its functional integrity. Any aquatic ecosystem should be economically assessed not only in terms of available water resources, but also considering other ecosystem services, particularly, the diversity of its biotic components. All these principles and the approach presented, if introduced into domestic legislation, will allow achieving progress in the field of ecological safety of aquatic ecosystems and sustainable social economic development. Originality. An approach has been improved which determines the efficiency of environmental policy in the field of water resources safety through a correlation analysis of water consumption and population size. Practical value. The research results allow for quantitative assessment of water resource management. The results of the study on the influence of the factor of freshwater resources on the socio-economic development of countries and regions of the world suggest that there is a strong statistically significant correlation in this system of connections.
Analysis and forecast of production and utilization of industrial waste in Ukraine
Authors: Perevozova I
Published: April 2021

Purpose. To analyze the situation with the generation, utilization and accumulation of industrial wastes, to develop the mathematical model of forecasting and, using this model, to identify the main trends in forming and accumulating waste for next years and current threats. Methodology. In the scientific research presented in the article, general and special methods of cognition were applied. For the use of the indicated methods complex approach was applied. Complex use of methods of regular supervision, comparative analysis, content analysis, and logical generalization, quantitative and qualitative comparison allowed not only determining the range of industries that make a major contribution to the formation of existing industrial wastes, but also proving that the main polluter is the extractive industry. Complex use of methods of scientific abstraction and mathematical formalization allowed not only creating a mathematical model for the formation of forecasts for industrial wastes for subsequent periods but also strengthening their relevance by highlighting the colored noise and predicting trends in the coming years. Findings. The results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the annual increase in industrial waste by industries prove the mono-sectoral impact on the formation of the crisis situation. Threats have been detected of multiplicative year-on-year growth of waste accumulated during operation in specially designated places and facilities and annual growth of accumulation of dangerous industrial waste of IIII classes. The created mathematical model allowed carrying out forecasting of volumes of formation and utilization of industrial waste. Due to this, further analytical studies have shown that the volume of waste generation in recent years is twenty times as much as the volumes of disposal. There has also been a catastrophic decrease in the rate of dangerous waste disposal and outpacing the growth of total waste accumulation. Originality. As a result of the analysis, it is found that the trend of recent years to increase waste generation has been formed due to the extractive industry and quarry development. Threats of a crisis situation formation as a result of the reduction of dangerous waste utilization and the multiplicative year-on-year growth of the total accumulated wastes have been established. During the research, a mathematical model was developed for the analysis of waste generation and utilization and forecasting of their volumes. Practical value. The results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the annual increase in the volume of industrial wastes by industries prove the mono-sectoral impact on forming of the crisis situation. The application of the developed mathematical model of forecasting of volumes of waste formation and utilization provides new opportunities for the analysis of the situation and introduction of advanced methods of waste management.
Assessment of the ecological risk of pollution of soil and bottom sediments in the Ukrainian Danube region
Authors: Serbov M , Hryb O , Pylypiuk V
Published: April 2021

Purpose. The paper deals with assessment of the ecological risks of pollution of soil at the sites where unusable plant protection chemicals are stored, and of the bottom sediments in the Ukrainian section of the Danube and in the Danube region lakes. Methodology. The applied analytical methods and synthesis of the data obtained while monitoring the studied objects, comparing data, logical generalization and analogies in combination with expert appraisals and monographic and graphical analytic studies. Findings. It was concluded that the condition of land resources of the Danube region of Ukraine is unsatisfactory. The risk of the soil ecosystem instability in the majority of the region areas is assessed as high. The monitoring data pertaining to the sites where unusable plant protection chemicals are stored indicate that the maximum permissible concentrations of certain pollutants surpass the standards by 5.032.0 times. The ecological condition of soils is assessed as medium bad while the risks are at the level varying between considerable to high. The ecological condition of bottom sediments in the Lower Danube is assessed as satisfactory, except in Kuhurlui, Yalpuh and Kytai Lakes where it is unsatisfactory. The ecological risk level in the Ukrainian section of the Danube and in the Danube region ranges from high to considerable. Originality. For the first time ever, for the Danube region of Ukraine a comprehensive assessment of the ecological risk of soil pollution, which included assessment of the risk of instability of the soil ecosystem resulting from storage of unusable plant protection chemicals, was performed. The integral assessment of the bottom sediment pollution was made for the site located between Reni town and the Danube estuary, and in Danube Lakes. Analysis of the existing methodologies for assessment of the ecological risk of soil and bottom sediment pollution enabled to develop and apply recommendations how to use indicator values describing the ecological condition with due account of the physical degradation and pollution criteria. Practical value. The obtained results can be used for the development of a strategy of effective and sustainable management of the Ukrainian Danube regions natural resources based upon the instruments and mechanisms aimed at solution of the social and economic development problems bearing in mind possible impact of the destabilizing factors.
Assessment of potential dangers of installations at Rhourde Nouss station within the framework of The Law 45/DG (Ouargla, Algeria)
Authors: Boudiaf M , Chaib R , Fredj M
Published: April 2021

Purpose. According to the SONATRACH groups requirements, a hazard study should be carried out conforming to Law 45/DG in order to manage risk situations better and to ensure maximum operational safety. Methodology. The work presents modeling of accident scenarios through the ALOHA software. The identification and characterization of potential hazards of the facilities are carried out by the XRISK software while using the preliminary risk analysis method (PRA) and the bow tie method (in a horizontal plane). Finding. An assessment of the socio-economic impact in the event of an accident in the hydrocarbon industry is given as well as recommendations to avoid unforeseen consequences. Originality. For the first time at SONATRACH, the LOPA software has been used to model accident scenarios in the hydrocarbon industry. The latter refers to high-risk industries where every activity, whether industrial or commercial, is subject to incidents or serious situations that could seriously disrupt the operation of the organization, or even damage or destroy it. Practical value. Sensitive elements have been identified, which respectively include the station staff, the DSP agents on duty (digital signal processing), the subcontractors, i.e. a permanent population of 30 people on average. The occurrence of the potential major accidents identified in the risk analysis would cause the gas compression to stop at Rhourde Nouss station. Thus, there is a pressure drop at the level of the gas pipelines, which reduces the gas flow significantly, while its extent and duration will depend on the restarting of the station. Furthermore, the effects of damage to the equipment concerned could result in a significant cost for their replacement within a reasonable time.
Despertar científico: Workshops interativos com Engenharia
Authors: Chiarello Luana Marcele , Botton Vanderleia , Gonçalves Marcel Jefferson , Silva Marcela Kotsuka da , Carvalho Lisiane Fernandes de
Published: April 2021

O fortalecimento das relações entre entidades escolares e universidades é benéfico para ambas as partes e também para a comunidade local, que é favorecida pela divulgação do conhecimento científico. A utilização de ações na forma de workshops e conferências que despertem o interesse de alunos da área tecnológica, desde o ensino fundamental, pode levar ao desenvolvimento de competências para a formação do ser cientista. O objetivo deste trabalho foi despertar nos alunos do ensino fundamental o interesse pela área tecnológica, tanto pela instigação quanto pela futura possibilidade de inserção no meio acadêmico. Para tanto, foi promovida a interação de professores, alunos de graduação e pós-graduação dos cursos de Engenharia de Alimentos e Engenharia Química com alunos dos cursos de ensino fundamental da rede municipal. Foram realizadas aulas teóricas e workshops práticos na própria universidade onde se discutiu o conhecimento tecnológico. Após a conclusão dessas ações, foi aplicado um questionário para avaliar a aprovação e o interesse dos alunos. Essas ações fomentaram nos alunos o desejo de vivenciar a universidade, além de servirem também para a troca de saberes pedagógicos e de ensino-aprendizagem entre professores e alunos a nível básico, graduação e pós-graduação.
Pengembangan LKPD Matematika Berbasis Kaligrafi dengan Pendekatan Guided Discovery Learning
Authors: Choirudin Choirudin , Anwar M. Saidun , Azizah Isnaini Nur , Wawan Wawan , Wahyudi Apri
Published: April 2021

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis seni kaligrafi dengan pendekatan guided discovery learning materi persegi dan persegi panjang kelas VII di MTs Ma’arif 01 Punggur dan untuk mengetahui respon siswa. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan manfaat bahwa LKPD berbasis seni kaligrafi ini dapat dijadikan salah satu bahan ajar. LKPD berbasis seni kaligrafi dapat membiasakan peserta didik untuk membaca atau menulis ayat Al-Quran. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (RnD) dengan model 4D yang merupakan singkatan dari define (pendefinisian), design (perancangan), development (pengembangan), desseminate (penyebaran). Berdasarkan analisis data hasil penelitian LKPD berbasis seni kaligrafi dengan pendekatan guided discovery learning pada materi persegi dan persegi panjang kelas VII di MTs Ma’arif 01 Punggur mendapatkan penilaian dari ahli materi, ahli media, ahli bahasa dan ahli kaligrafi serta hasil dari respon siswa bahwa LKPD ini layak untuk dijadikan bahan ajar dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar pada materi persegi dan persegi panjang.
Analisis Pemecahan Masalah Matematika pada Blended Learning dengan Menggunakan Kemampuan Berpikir Mahasiswa di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Ibnatur Husnul Nisak Ruwah , Nurullah Mawardi
Published: April 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana pemecahan masalah matematika pada blended learning dengan menggunakan kemampuan berpikir mahasiswa di perguruan tinggi se-jabodetabek. Dimana perguruan tinggi tersebut harus menerapkan blended learning di program studi matematika. Komponen yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir divergen mahasiswa adalah fluency, flexibility, originality, dan elaboration.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode deskriptif. Pemilihan sampel ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling, dan teknik pengambilan data dengan memberikan tes pemecahan masalah statistik, menganalisis hasil tes pemecahan masalah statistik, mengelompokkan mahasiswa ke dalam kelompok atas, menengah, dan bawah untuk kemudian dipilih 1 mahasiswa guna diwawancarai terkait hasil tes. Wawancara ini bertujuan untuk mengklarifikasi hasil tes pemecahan masalah statistik dalam kemampuan berpikir divergen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik triangulasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa blended learning UNPAM dengan komponen yang berhasil diserap adalah fluency, originality dan elaboration. Untuk BINUS dalam kontekstual-learning dengan komponen yang terserap adalah fluency, flexibility, originality dan elaboration. BINUS dengan e-learning, menunjukkan komponen yang terserap adalah fluency dan elaboration.
Reduced physiological performance in a free-living coralline alga induced by salmon faeces deposition
Authors: Legrand E , Kutti T , Gonzalez Casal EV , Rastrick SPS , Andersen S , Husa V
Published: April 2021

Maerl beds are formed by the accumulation of free-living coralline algae and have considerable ecological signiﬁcance due to the high diversity of associated fauna and flora. The rapid expansion of the Atlantic salmon Salmo salar aquaculture industry in Norway may have major impacts on surrounding maerl beds through the release of effluents, including fish faeces. This study is the first to test the effects of salmon faeces and inorganic sediment deposition on the photosynthesis, respiration, calcification and pigment content of the coralline alga Lithothamnion soriferum. In a 6 wk laboratory experiment, inorganic sediment and salmon faeces deposition significantly reduced the amount of light reaching the surface of coralline algae. No impact of inorganic sediment deposition was detected on L. soriferum physiology, while salmon faeces deposition increased respiration rate and reduced net primary production and calcification. The accumulation of salmon faeces stimulates proliferation of bacteria, with adverse consequences on L. soriferum physiology due to the potential release of toxic compounds. Burial by salmon faeces deposition also affects the physiology of coralline algae due to the flocculation of sticky faeces particles, which may limit nutrient and gas exchanges in the vicinity of thalli. Carbon dioxide accumulation in the vicinity of L. soriferum may lead to a decline in pH and alter the calcification process in cell walls. In natural maerl beds, the negative effect of faeces deposition may be exacerbated by longer-term exposure and the presence of other chemicals released by fish farms.
Ontogenetic profiles of dentine isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) reveal variable narwhal Monodon monoceros nursing duration
Authors: Zhao ST , Matthews CJD , Davoren GK , Ferguson SH , Watt CA
Published: April 2021

Stable isotope analysis (SIA) of sequential dentine growth layer groups can be used to estimate the lifetime diet of individuals and infer major ontogenetic shifts such as the completion of nursing. We used SIA of dentine from narwhalMonodon monocerosembedded canine teeth to investigate ontogenetic dietary patterns, with a focus on nursing duration. We also determined whether nursing duration differed between sexes and between 2 periods during which narwhals may have undergone dietary shifts due to warming. Embedded teeth from both sexes were collected near Pond Inlet, Nunavut, Canada, in 1982 and 1983 (n = 17) and 2015 and 2017 (n = 14). Nursing duration ranged from ~2 to ~6 yr, with 60% of narwhals being nursed beyond the previously published estimate of <2 yr. The proportion of individuals nursed <2 yr versus >2 yr did not differ between sexes or periods. This study not only revealed that narwhals vary extensively in their nursing duration, but also indicated that extended nursing (>2 yr) with gradual introduction of solid food over this period was common. These findings provide insights into narwhal life-history strategies, as extended nursing may be another feature of a long-lived, slow-reproducing mammal adapted to unique polar conditions that are threatened by global warming.
A year later: Life after the Year of the Nurse
Authors: Marzilli Colleen
Published: April 2021

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