bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Monetary Policy via the Taylor Rule in a Selection of Middle-Income Emerging Market Economies: Issues and Evidence
Authors: Agwuna Leonard , Irrshad Kaseeram , Mazorodze Brian T
Published: September 2022

Monetary policies have a history of changing over time as central banks seek frameworks that suit the current state of their economies. In this research, the objective was to re-examine the famous Taylor rule (augmented to include the exchange rate) and proceed to establish its validity in the wake of recent unconventional policy developments from the United States. The Taylor rule posits that interest rates respond to the deviation of inflation from a given target and the output gap. The study is limited to five emerging market economies namely Brazil, Chile, Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey which are all inflation targeting economies with quarterly data observed between 1998 and 2020. Overall, the variables exhibited a mixed order of integration which necessitated the use of the ARDL bounds testing procedure in the time series framework. The study also invoked the panel vector autoregression model with impulse response functions computed using the local projections method. The study observed two main results. First, there is evidence that interest rates respond to inflation dynamics and demand fluctuations both in the short-run and long-run in most of these countries as predicted by the Taylor rule. Second, there is evidence of a significant association between policy rates and the exchange rate.
Basal Cell Carcinoma Of Eyelid: A Surgical Challenge Solved
Authors: Sharma Ram L , Sharma Kalpana , Parmar Deepti , Gulati Vibham , Dhiman Swati
Published: September 2022

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin malignancy constituting 90% of eyelid tumors. Although it rarely metastasizes, it needs to
be addressed with timely diagnosis and prompt treatment to avoid disfigurement of the tissues it invades. We report a case of 72 years old
male with basal cell carcinoma of the lateral canthus. The patient was planned for an excision biopsy of the lesion. Despite the excision of
a large tumor involving the lateral canthus of the left eye (3*3 cm) and a large portion adjoining the upper and lower eyelids (1.5 cm
approximately), we were able to restore the eyelid contour at the lateral canthus. There have been many proposed treatment modalities for
basal cell carcinoma however excision biopsy remains the gold standard. This article outlines the etio-pathogenesis, clinical features, and
various treatment modalities in the management of basal cell carcinoma.
To the interpretation of frequency components of the heart rate variability
Authors: Kuzmenko N. V. , Tsyrlin V. A. , Pliss M. G.
Published: September 2022

Assessing the sympathetic-vagal balance is an important task for predicting shifts in the functioning of the body when adapting to changing external conditions, as well as aging, various pathological processes and therapy. Today, the method of analyzing the spectrum of heart rate variability (HRV) for determining the sympathetic-vagal balance due to its simplicity and non-invasiveness has become widespread both in clinical practice and in experimental studies. The article analyzes the results of our own and literary studies of influence of various effects on hemodynamic parameters, the level of circulating catecholamines, sympathetic nervous activity, the baroreceptor reflex, and also on the components of the HRV spectrum (LF (low frequency), HF (high frequency) and LF/HF). Often different authors under the same impact register different changes. Reasons for this include different doses of drugs, nature/strength of exposure (for stress and exercise), time between drug administration and registration. In addition, the effect of some drugs can be enhanced in the case of pathology, such as hypertension. Based on the comparison of the vectors of changes in the studied parameters, we concluded that, using the frequency analysis of HRV, it is necessary to draw a conclusion about the sympatho-vagal balance with great care due to the ambiguous nature of LF component, but HF component gives information of the tone of the vagus with sufficient accuracy.
Hybrid revascularization of chronic occlusion of the aorto-femoral segment in a patient with critical ischemia of the lower limbs and ischemic heart disease
Authors: Susanin N. S. , Chernyavsky M. A. , Vanyurkin A. G. , Solovyov V. A. , Belova Yu. K. , Odintsov N. S.
Published: September 2022

Backgound. The number of patients with Leriche’s syndrome has increased dramatically. Despite the compensatory development of collaterals, this condition most often leads to symptoms of intermittent claudication and can result in critical ischemia and amputations. TASC II guidelines recommend reconstructive surgery, but this approach is associated with high perioperative mortality. So far, only few studies reported the results of endovascular correction of the atherogenic process in the infrarenal aorta.

Objective. To present a clinical case of hybrid revascularization of the aortofemoral segment in a patient with ischemic heart disease.

Design and methods. A 68-year-old patient with Leriche’s syndrome underwent ultrasound of the brachiocephalic arteries, coronary angiography, and multispiral computed tomography with angiography. Subsequently, hybrid surgery was performed.

Results. Given the critical ischemia of the lower extremities and comorbidities, a hybrid surgical intervention was performed: endarterectomy from the femoral arteries and endovascular recanalization of the occlusion of the aortoiliac segment using the “kissing stents” technique.

Conclusions. The requirements for equipment and experience of the surgical team limit the widespread use of hybrid correction of an occlusive lesion of the infrarenal aorta. The lack of randomized trials creates uncertainty in the choice of revascularization tactics. In the framework of this clinical case, the effectiveness of hybrid surgery in the treatment of a patient with multifocal atherosclerosis has been proven.
O IMPACTO DA PANDEMIA COVID 19 SOBRE A POLÍTICA DE SAÚDE E OS DESAFIOS DA CLASSE TRABALHADORA
Authors: Albino Nathália Moreira , Maríngolo Aline Cristina do Prado , Liporoni Andréia Aparecida Reis de Carvalho
Published: September 2022

A partir da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, este artigo analisa o impacto da pandemia Covid-19 sobre a política de saúde. O objetivo é apontar a trajetória e as racionalidades que perpassam a política de saúde desde os anos 1990, com ênfase nas propostas de contrarreforma na saúde a partir do governo Bolsonaro, sobretudo em contexto de pandemia. No contexto da maior crise sanitária de dimensão mundial, o governo federal tem minimizado a pandemia e suas consequências, em função do seu projeto de extrema direita, que prioriza o lucro acima da vida, ignorando e banalizando as mais de 551 mil mortes no Brasil. Identifica, a partir das leituras dos documentos e das portarias governamentais, os diversos ataques à política de saúde no Brasil. Considera necessário resistir aos interesses do capital na saúde que desmontam o SUS e afastam a possibilidade de efetivação dos princípios da Reforma Sanitária, sobretudo frente à política de morte do atual governo.
SANEAMENTO BÁSICO NO BRASIL
Authors: Sales Vanessa Mendes
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a polêmica em torno da titularidade dos serviços públicos de saneamento básico após a aprovação da Lei Federal nº 14.026/2020, conhecida como o Novo Marco Regulatório do Setor. Busca investigar se as alterações implementadas pelo novo diploma legal representam uma transferência velada da responsabilidade estatal na universalização dos serviços para o setor privado, especialmente no que tange ao esgotamento sanitário. Sem pretender esgotar o tema, objetiva fazer uma pesquisa bibliográfica eminentemente qualitativa e exploratória amparada no método indutivo. Conclui queo diploma viola as competências dos municípios e que, em certa medida, realiza a transferência de responsabilidade na provisão dos serviços de saneamento para a iniciativa privada, atacando a capacidade do Estado de alcançar a tão sonhada universalização.
O MONSTRO FRIO DA NECROFILIA GOVERNAMENTAL
Authors: Bittencourt Renato Nunes
Published: September 2022

Resenha do livro de Diego Reis O governo da emergência: Estado de Exceção, guerra ao terror e colonialidade. Rio de Janeiro: Multifoco, 2020
A HISTÓRIA DO BRASIL ATRAVÉS DOS OLHARES DE BORIS FAUSTO, SÉRGIO BUARQUE DE HOLANDA E JOSÉ MURILO DE CARVALHO
Authors: Quevedo Elaine Cristina Segheto , Botezini Natana Alvina
Published: September 2022

O presente ensaio versa sobre as contribuições trazidas por três importantes obras na área de História do Brasil, sendo as mesmas: História do Brasil de autoria de Boris Fausto, Raízes do Brasil, escrita por Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, e Cidadania no Brasil – O longo caminho, de José Murilo de Carvalho. Tais obras se colocam como fundamentais para a compreensão do desenvolvimento do país em termos culturais, políticos e sociais. Através das análises elaboradas pelos três estudiosos expoentes da História do Brasil, observamos as nuances que envolveram os percursos de formação do povo brasileiro em suas mais diversas facetas.  O tema se desenvolve através da pesquisa bibliográfica realizada nas três obras  supramencionadas, buscando assinalar pontos de continuidade e distanciamento entre o pensamento dos três estudiosos.
O PENSAMENTO DECOLONIAL PARA SE PENSAR A EDUCAÇÃO EM TEMPOS DE GLOBALIZAÇÃO NEOLIBERAL
Authors: Martins José Eduardo , Neves França Eliacir
Published: September 2022

Vivemos em uma época marcada pelo advento de um novo paradigma civilizacional denominado por alguns teóricos de pós-modernidade. Esta traz consigo mudanças e incertezas em uma variedade de áreas do conhecimento e da vida desestabilizando aqueles conceitos apoiados na ideia de fundamentação, própria da razão moderna, cujo impacto se faz sentir de modo cada vez mais forte e difuso. No contexto atual de globalização econômica acelerada, surgem críticas que buscam desconstruir o pensamento hegemônico atual. Todo esse movimento acaba por refletindo no campo da educação, um espaço permeado por contradições uma vez que boa parte daqueles que atuam no seu âmbito a mantém fortemente ligada ao modelo eurocêntrico, seja na pesquisa ou no ensino. A instituição escolar de educação básica ou superior responsável, historicamente, pelo estudo, produção e/ou transmissão dos conhecimentos resultantes da vida em sociedade ainda está estruturada com base no modelo jesuíta da ratio studiorum, salvo raras exceções. Diante dos desafios postos especialmente pelo fenômeno da globalização entendemos ser premente repensar a educação e a instituição escolar. Portanto propomos neste texto, de forma ainda muito preliminar, uma discussão que aponta uma alternativa ao modelo eurocêntrico manifesto no campo da educação, especialmente no Brasil, que se sustenta na perspectiva decolonial presente no pensamento de Paulo Freire.
BIOPOLÍTICA E CONTROLE DOS CORPOS FEMININOS
Authors: Costa Marli Marlene Moraes da , Soares Etyane Goulart
Published: September 2022

O artigo tem como finalidade abordar a maternidade compulsória e o aborto a partir de um debate da biopolítica e do controle social sob os corpos femininos. Desse modo, questiona-se: de que forma o controle social influencia no predomínio de discursos que legitimam a maternidade compulsória e impedem a descriminalização do aborto? Nesse sentido, visando responder ao problema de pesquisa, utilizam-se os métodos de abordagem dedutiva e de procedimento hermenêutico, bem como a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica. Assim, o artigo divide-se em dois objetivos específicos, sendo que: primeiro, estuda-se a biopolítica e o controle social relacionados com a maternidade compulsória. Segundo, aborda-se o debate sobre o aborto à luz do direito comparado. Conclui-se que a biopolítica e o controle social influenciam diretamente na criminalização do aborto, especialmente no Brasil, tendo em vista que extirpam das mulheres o exercício da autonomia de seus corpos, fazendo o controle populacional a partir da exploração e dominação da mulher, com o fim de manter a supremacia masculina.
REFUGIADOS AMBIENTAIS
Authors: Dezem Lucas Teixeira , Lehfeld Lucas de Souza
Published: September 2022

A terminologia de refugiados ambientais é designada ao grupo de pessoas que precisam se retirar de seus locais de origem por conta de catástrofes naturais ocorridas por intervenção humana ou não. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir justamente sobre a falta de proteção específica sob os refugiados ambientais, traçando breves comentários sobre prováveis soluções do tema. Acerca do resultado encontrado, pode-se inferir que diante da falta de regramento específico, os refugiados ambientais são colocados em situação de vulnerabilidade jurídica, sendo que poucos Estados têm condição normativa eficaz, não discriminatória e duradoura para esse grupo de pessoa. Portanto, o latente aumento no fluxo migratório em nível internacional por conta de questões ambientais, implica em formulações de tratados internacionais voltados para a proteção dessa comunidade.
OS OBSTÁCULOS PARA A IMPLANTAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO EM DIREITOS HUMANOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Maciel Tiales Júnior , Gorczevski Clóvis
Published: September 2022

Este artigo trata da educação em direitos humanos e dos documentos nacionais para a sua implantação no Brasil, e considera-se relevante, pois a educação, enquanto ferramenta eficaz reconhecida para a formação de um indivíduo, é meio efetivo para a plena concretização da dignidade da pessoa humana, haja vista que auxilia o ser humano a compreender suas causas e oferece material para a análise, tomada de decisões e atitudes que certamente contribuirão para amenizar as mazelas sociais contemporâneas. Neste sentido, a educação em direitos humanos contribui na criação de uma cultura de prevenção, fundamental para a erradicação da violação destes, bem como é o meio para efetivamente dar a conhecer e distinguir os referidos direitos para que seja possível atuar a seu favor e, sobretudo, desfrutá-los. Desta maneira, é imprescindível analisar os documentos nacionais para se analisar como é a previsão dentro do ordenamento brasileira da modalidade de ensino em comento. O problema enfoca em responder quais são os documentos nacionais que prevêem a implantação da educação voltada aos direitos humanos. O objetivo geral é apontar os documentos nacionais no Brasil que estabelecem a implantação da educação em direitos humanos e os objetivos específicos são: a) abordar o direito humano à educação; b) apresentar a educação em direitos humanos e os seus objetivos; e c) apontar os documentos nacionais nos quais consta a previsão para a implantação da educação em Direitos Humanos no Brasil. O método de abordagem é de investigação dedutivo e de pesquisa o bibliográfico, através do procedimento de artigo científico para que ao final sejam apresentados os documentos nos quais conste a previsão da implantação da educação em direitos humanos.
AS REPERCUSSÕES JURÍDICAS E SOCIAIS DA SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM MULHERES TRABALHADORAS DURANTE A PANDEMIA DO NOVO CORONAVÍRUS (COVID 19)
Authors: Gorczevski Clovis , Kohls Cleize Carmelinda
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo busca analisar a incidência da síndrome de Burnout em mulheres trabalhadoras no Brasil durante a pandemia do novo coronavírus - COVID19.  Pretende-se encontrar respostas para os seguintes problemas de pesquisa: Como a pandemia de COVID 19 relaciona-se com a síndrome de Burnout em mulheres trabalhadoras? Qual a proteção legal existente no Brasil para as mulheres trabalhadoras acometidas da síndrome de Burnout? E quais as lições que podem ser extraídas do contexto de pandemia para o enfrentamento e prevenção da síndrome? Para responder estes problemas, a pesquisa é desenvolvida por meio do método hipotético dedutivo, através de pesquisas bibliográficas e de dados propor alternativas para o enfrentamento da temática. Objetiva-se apresentar uma análise das desigualdades de gênero no mercado de trabalho brasileiro, demonstrando sua relação com a síndrome de Burnout, e investigando sobre a proteção legal existente para as mulheres acometidas da síndrome e as políticas públicas que podem ser desenvolvidas para o enfrentamento da problemática. O estudo demonstra a importância de políticas públicas preventivas, através do incentivo para a adequação de condutas pelas empresas, e a necessidade de políticas públicas informativas sobre o problema.
QUANDO COMEÇA OU TERMINA UMA PESQUISA? EM DEFESA DE UM ANTIMANUAL DE ETNOGRAFIA
Authors: Pereira Alexandre Barbosa
Published: September 2022

Este artigo propõe, a partir dos desafios do distanciamento imposto pela pandemia, discutir a relação entre afastamento e aproximação na etnografia. Para isso, trabalhou- se não com uma perspectiva que se colocasse como um manual de etnografia, a pensar caminhos possíveis, mas com uma espécie de antimanual, que apresentasse os problemas da pesquisa etnográfica.Discutiu-se, assim, a partir de diferentes referências bibliográficas, principalmente da antropologia brasileira, como há várias possibilidades de produção de distanciamentos em relação ao campo e aos interlocutores da pesquisa, pela produção de um distanciamento temporal e espacial que se constitui como um exercício de hierarquização, ou por como o etnógrafo, do campo ao texto, precisa refletir constantemente sobre essa dialética entre proximidade e distanciamento. Conclui-se que a etnografia, com sua proposição inovadora e criativa no campo da antropologia, deve, simultânea e paradoxalmente, desprezar um apego rígido a perspectivas teórico-metodológicas e cultivar um profundo rigor intelectual.
АНАЛИЗ УСЛОВИЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ БОРТОВ ЖЕЛЕЗОРУДНЫХ КАРЬЕРОВ, СЛОЖЕННЫХ ОСАДОЧНЫМИ ПОРОДАМИ
Authors: Ефремов Евгений Юрьевич , Обогрелова Полина Игоревна
Published: September 2022

Актуальность. Анализ устойчивости горных пород при решении геомеханических и инженерно-геологических задач сталкивается с рядом трудностей при отображении физико-механических свойств массива горных пород на расчетных моделях. Среди них основными являются: широкий диапазон свойств, структура массива, отсутствие достаточного количества исходных данных. Исходные параметры имеют существенную важность при математическом моделировании, что выражается в принципе GIGO (англ. Garbage In, Garbage Out, «Мусор на входе – мусор на выходе»). Целью работы является изучение влияния разброса физико-механических свойств горных пород, слагающих борта карьеров, на их устойчивость. Объектом исследования является верхняя часть массива, сложенная комплексом пород мезо-кайнозойского возраста. Полигоном исследования выступает Соколовское железорудное скарновое месторождение, разрабатываемое одноименным карьером в сложных инженерно-геологических условиях. Методы. Исследование проводилось в рамках гипотезы предельного равновесия с помощью расчетных методов Филлениуса, Спенсера, Бишопа. Изучалась чувствительность модели борта карьера к прочностным параметрам горных пород: сцеплению и углу внутреннего трения. Анализ чувствительности осуществлялся с помощью перебора значений параметров в пределах диапазона свойств, полученных в ходе испытаний. Результаты и выводы. Результаты исследований позволили установить зависимости коэффициента устойчивости бортов карьера от изменчивости физико-механических свойств мезо-кайнозойских отложений. Для инженерно-геологических условий Соколовского карьера выявлены породы, представляющие наибольшие риски с точки зрения устойчивости бортов. Применяемый подход является разновидностью сценарного прогнозирования и наряду с решением обратных задач, необходимых для калибровки моделей, является подходящим методом для оценки геомеханических условий.
СИСТЕМА ПАРОСНАБЖЕНИЯ НЕФТЕПЕРЕРАБАТЫВАЮЩЕГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ КАК ОБЪЕКТ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Матвейкин Валерий Григорьевич , Краснянский Михаил Николаевич , Дмитриевский Борис Сергеевич , Василевский Константин Сергеевич
Published: September 2022

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью разработки и внедрения комплекса программно-технических средств – системы автоматизированного управления процессом пароснабжения – для осуществления оптимального управления энергетическими ресурсами – паром среднего и высокого давления. В настоящий момент система управления данным ресурсом представляет собой разрозненные локальные системы автоматизированного регулирования с обратной связью, осуществляющие стабилизацию параметров теплоносителя в момент подачи на установку. Исследование в данном направлении позволит сформировать централизованный подход к управлению технологическим процессом пароснабжения и улучшить технико-экономические показатели нефтеперерабатывающих производств.Цель: разработка такой автоматизированной системы управления процессом пароснабжения, которая бы сократила потребление пара внешней выработки и максимально использовала внутренние ресурсы предприятия. В рамках реализации данной системы предполагается, что разрабатываемая автоматизированная система управления направлена на повышение энергоэффективности паропотребляющих производств.Объект: система пароснабжения нефтеперерабатывающего предприятия, состоящая из последовательно и параллельно соединенных трубопроводами установок-потребителей и установок-генераторов пара среднего и высокого давления.Методы исследования основаны на формировании математического описания установок, участвующих в технологическом процессе пароснабжения, вычислительной математики, теоретических основ автоматического управления, а также современных подходов в управлении технологическим процессом.Результаты. Осуществлена декомпозиция технологического процесса пароснабжения в разрезе отдельных установок. Каждый элемент был рассмотрен как объект управления, для каждого из объектов управления определены векторы входных, выходных, промежуточных величин и возмущающего воздействия. На основе полученных данных предложен алгоритм управления процессом пароснабжения, определена структура системы управления и подобраны основные элементы комплекса программно-технических средств.
ПРОСТАЯ МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ ДЛЯ ДОЛГОСРОЧНОГО ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА ЗЕРНА
Authors: Кирста Юрий Богданович , Пузанов Александр Васильевич , Рождественская Тамара Анатольевна
Published: September 2022

Цель: разработка универсальной интегрированной методологии и статистико-имитационной модели для долгосрочного прогноза содержания токсичных химических элементов в урожаях зерновых культур. Объекты. Исследование основано на системном подходе и проведено на примере пшеницы, выращиваемой в Алтайском крае – одном из основных зернопроизводящих регионов России. Образцы пшеницы были отобраны в 10 районах, несколько различающихся по климатическим условиям. Всего было изучено содержание 19 химических элементов (Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Zn, Al, As, Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, P). Показано, что концентрации Pb (свинец), Cr (хром), Cu (медь) и Na (натрий) в зерне пшеницы зависят от климатических особенностей района возделывания. Методы. Установлены регрессионные зависимости содержания элементов от среднемноголетних месячных значений температуры воздуха и осадков. На основе регионального векового климатического цикла, нормализации и пространственного обобщения температуры воздуха и осадков, обеспечивающих единообразную динамику их относительных месячных значений (в процентах) по всему исследуемому региону, был составлен прогноз их изменений к 2030 г. Результаты. Процедура отбора проб зерна, ГИС-технологии для обработки метеорологических и картографических данных, методы прогнозирования изменений климата и определения количественных взаимосвязей содержания химических элементов в зерне с климатическими характеристиками – все вместе составляют методологию, позволившую разработать прогностическую модель содержания токсичных веществ в пшенице. Модель использована для оценки изменений Pb, Cr, Cu и Na в зерне пшеницы к 2030 г. Содержание других элементов в пшенице слабо коррелирует с многолетними изменениями температуры воздуха и осадков, поэтому оно вряд ли может существенно измениться. После 2030 г. концентрации Pb, Co (кобальт) и Cr в пшенице, поставляемой на элеваторы из некоторых муниципальных районов, превысят их допустимые уровни для продовольственного зерна.
РОЛЬ ОПАСНЫХ ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ ПРИ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ НЕФТЕПРОВОДА «ЧАЯНДА-ВСТО»
Authors: Строкова Людмила Александровна , Нечаев Дмитрий Андреевич
Published: September 2022

Актуальность работы определена важностью обеспечения бесперебойной работы трубопроводного транспорта, обусловливающего энергетическую и экономическую безопасность страны. Проявления опасных геологических процессов могут привести к сбоям в работе трубопроводов с последствиями, варьирующимися от травм/смерти, воздействия на окружающую среду и материального ущерба до длительных перебоев в обслуживании и невыполнения поставленных задач. Отказы в работе трубопроводов в результате природных явлений, как правило, являются редкими (но дорогостоящими) событиями. Именно поэтому важно правильно оценить грунтовые условия и предсказать их изменение при эксплуатации трубопровода.Цель: идентифицировать участки трассы с вероятной активацией опасных геологических процессов и их влияние на эксплуатацию сооружения.Методы: анализ результатов инженерных изысканий по обустройству Чаяндинского нефтегазоконденсатного месторождения и данных геотехнического мониторинга по трассе нефтепровода.Результаты. Проведено описание инженерно-геологических условий трассы нефтепровода. Наиболее распространенными опасными геологическими процессами в пределах трассы трубопровода являются карст, заболачивание, водная эрозия, а также проявления геокриологических процессов – термоэрозия, термокарст, морозное пучение, морозное трещинообразование, наледеобразование. Определены участки проявления геологических процессов по трассе трубопровода. Наиболее протяженными оказались процессы, связанные с изменением многолетнемерзлых грунтов и карстовые процессы. Оценка вклада опасных геологических процессов произведена по секциям между узлами запорной арматуры нефтепровода, что позволит обеспечить безопасность транспортировки нефти, ее регулировку за счет отключения участка линейной части трубопровода. Идентифицированы наиболее уязвимые участки трассы нефтепровода по возможности проявления геологических опасностей.
Flexibility and agility in pedagogical contingency planning design in open, distance and e-learning
Authors: Nyoni Jabulani
Published: September 2022

Pedagogical contingency policy planning in open distance and e-learning plays a critical role in achieving the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, with the aim to stem poverty, protect the planet, foster gender equality, defend and promote cultures and cultural understanding, and ensure prosperity for all. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to describe criticalities of flexibility and agility in pedagogical contingency policy planning designs in open, distance and e-learning in developing states like South Africa. Furthermore, it examines epistemologies of diverse students’ pedagogic inclusion in line with social justice and equal rights during strategic planning and management. The legal rational paradigm is underpinned by a qualitative narrative research design to analyse available theories and epistemologies of flexibility and agility in pedagogical contingency policy planning theories in open distance and e-learning. Using the theory of justice by Rawls, the paper recommends that flexibility and agility in pedagogical contingency policy planning in open, distance and e-learning ecosystems must ensure that students from diverse backgrounds are catered for in line with social justice and equal rights values and principles. This is critical for a country like South Africa to achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
Building a sustainable and democratic future in rural South African higher education institutions
Authors: Olawale Babawande , Mncube Vusi , Ndondo Shepherd , Mutongoza Bonginkosi Hardy
Published: September 2022

While higher education is crucial for the development of ideals and skills necessary for democratic societies to take root and prosper, higher education institutions’ missions have been tested during this time of uncertainty. The Covid-19 pandemic has revealed the instabilities and disparities in global higher education by exacerbating profound social fractures and long-standing structural imbalances. As such, the study examined how the Covid-19 pandemic has affected rural higher education institutions in building a sustainable and democratic future. It also examined students and staffs’ perspectives on how these higher education institutions responded to the Covid-19 pandemic in building a resilient, inclusive and democratic culture. Informed by an interpretivist paradigm, the study utilised a qualitative research approach and a case study design. Data were collected at two rural universities from university managers, lecturers and students using interviews. The study’s findings revealed that while the Covid-19 pandemic represents a time of survival of the fittest, which also strengthened democratic tenets and revolutionised the higher education sector, the pandemic has revealed pre-existing institutional issues and vulnerabilities in rural higher education institutions. Research findings also revealed that the pandemic has also spotlighted the poor and the most vulnerable in society as rural HEIs endeavoured to build resilience, and an inclusive and democratic culture to stay sturdy in the face of the ‘new normal’ and emerge stronger from the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the study’s findings, it was concluded that building a resilient, inclusive and democratic culture at HEIs could generate success for higher education institutions by influencing students’ career opportunities and employment readiness, amongst many others. We recommend that HEIs consider focusing more on equity and inclusion; reinforce capacities for risk management at all levels of the system; strong leadership and coordination; and enhance consultation and communication mechanisms.
Quantas o de los burócratas alegres
Authors: Bula Caraballo Germán Ulises , González Montero Sebastián Alejandro
Published: September 2022

En la vida actual cada vez priman más la competencia, la burocratización y, sobre todas las cosas, los números: indicadores, puntajes y los rankings. Esto es particularmente cierto en la vida académica, la cual es un espejo bien claro de un mundo más amplio en el que esos valores dejan cada vez más huella. Este libro explora la vida en el reino de la cantidad y la inflexibilidad: la paranoia, la intriga, las falacias y obsesiones de quienes rigen y sirven en el mundo de los indicadores. También explora posibilidades de transformación de ese estado de cosas asumiendo, sin signo ideológico, las capacidades de acción de quienes hacemos parte de la academia e investigación a nivel universitario.
“Partisanship” at the Late Soviet Factory through the Prism of Andrey Alekseev's Dramatic Sociology.
Authors: Pinchuk Olga
Published: September 2022

The article attempts to analyze informal practices at a late Soviet factory through the prism of the factory ethnographic project of the Soviet sociologist Andrei Alekseev, who in the 1980s. worked in the workshop of the Lenpoligraphmash plant. Based on the materials published as a result of the research project, a number of questions are raised: What is remarkable about the experience of the sociologist Andrey Alekseev? How does participant observation research help to study the organization of labor in a Soviet factory? Is it possible to say that informal practices in the work of workers were aimed only at “escaping” from the control of the factory administration, and autonomy at the workplace served solely to satisfy personal needs? The focus of the article is an informal practice, which the workshop workers called "partisanism" — the informal production of spare parts that are subsequently used not for personal purposes, but for the needs of production. It is argued that, firstly, contrary to the belief of researchers of Soviet labor, the ability of workers to act outside the field of view of the administration can be aimed not only at shirking and avoiding work, but also at building new ways of organizing labor, aimed, among other things, at management of collective planning obligations; secondly, Alekseev’s research project itself became “partisan”, since, on the one hand, it made it possible to explore and capture in detail the informal life of a Soviet enterprise shop in the 1980s, on the other hand, it became an alternative way to study Soviet society, a methodological and empirical initiative, an invention , but at the same time a contribution to the history of Soviet industrial sociology.
Dynamics of the natural movement of the population as a threat to the demographic security of Russia
Authors: Ildarkhanova Chulpan , Ibragimova Alisa , Abdulzyanov Artur
Published: September 2022

This article examines the retrospective dynamics of the natural movement of the population of the Russian Federation from the perspective of achieving demographic security of the country. The purpose of the work is to analyze the indicator of natural population growth/decline through economic demography and social demography to identify the impact of socio-economic conditions on demographic processes and the impact of demographic factors of changes in the natural movement of the population on socio-economic dynamics. To achieve this goal, Family and Demography Center of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, with the direct participation of the authors, conducted a monitoring study of demographic processes (natural population growth/ decline, fertility and mortality) for the period from 2000 to 2020 within the framework of the preparation of the Demographic Report-2021 "Retrospectives and prospects of reproduction of the population of the Republic of Tatarstan (2000-2020)", which made it possible to analyze the dynamics of these demographic processes. The Russian Federation is in a demographic crisis, which is characterized by depopulation, when mortality exceeds fertility, which is especially aggravated due to the spread of the COV1D-19. Changes in the natural movement of the population are largely determined by changes in the sex and age structure of the population: a decrease in the number of women of reproductive age, increased mortality of men of working age, aging of the population. 1n the course of work on the article, the results of the sociological study "Demographic Well-Being of Russia", conducted in 2020 with the participation of the authors of the article, as well as regression and correlation analysis were used to identify the relationship between variables. The results obtained indicate the relationship between natural population decline and economic processes. The negative consequences are connected with a reduction in the labor force, aging of the population, deterioration of public health, etc. The results of the study are of practical value for the development of an effective demographic policy of the Russia.
Using digital technologies by medical professionals
Authors: Kolennikova Olga
Published: September 2022

Creation of digital space in healthcare requires linking technical changes with raising trust in information and communication technologies (ICT) and development of appropriate skills of medical workers. Digital skills are considered as an important element of the general qualification of a medical professional. The paper examines to what extent doctors and nurses use ICT in their work, whether they have sufficient competencies and what are the scope and types of training in this field of knowledge. The sources of empirical materials are databases from two surveys conducted by Rosstat in 2020, namely, Comprehensive observation of the living conditions of the population and the second round of the Statistical Observation on the participation of the population in continuing education. It turned out that most doctors used computer and other digital equipment, but a significant part of nurses (47%) did not use them. In comparison with other specialists, doctors and nurses have a very limited remote format of work that is caused by both the field specifics and lack of opportunities. About 30% of doctors and nurses did not have enough digital competencies that reduced their job satisfaction. With basic computer literacy and the Internet skills, the lack of knowledge and skills concerned the field of medical information systems and specific digital tools. Medical professionals made up for the lack of skills mainly through self-education, rather than by specialized training. For successful implementation of a large-scale state program of digitalization in healthcare, it is necessary to create a flexible system of professional development in the field of ICT, included in the general system of continuing medical education.
Regional housing problems of the population: Far Eastern Federal District
Authors: Yarasheva Aziza , Makar Svetlana
Published: September 2022

The article deals with topical issues related to current trends in the provision of comfortable housing for residents of the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD). The purpose of the work is to identify, based on the analysis of statistical and sociological data, the features of the state of the housing stock of the macroregion, which has spatial significance, and show relevant tools for solving these regional problems. On the basis of the general scientific dialectical approaches used by the authors, the following is shown: relative quantitative and qualitative parameters of the housing stock of the Far Eastern Federal District, differentiation of the regions — subjects of the Russian Federation by housing provision for the population and housing improvement, the degree of satisfaction with housing according to surveys of residents, provision of the Far Eastern Federal District with the infrastructure of mortgage lending, debt on housing loans. The macro-regions of Russia and the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District are ranked according to the specific indicator of housing provision and improvement of the housing stock in 2020. The specific of the situation of the Far Eastern Federal District at the national level and intra-macro-regional differences are identified. The measures applied by the State, in particular, mortgage housing lending for individuals, are assessed, the differentiated results of the use of the Far Eastern Mortgage program by the population are analyzed, taking into account provision of the Far Eastern Federal District with financial infrastructure. It is concluded that housing is a component that is significant for various spatial levels. Additional financing of the FEFD regions since 2014 at the expense of state programs has not affected the growth of the housing stock of the FEFD, which, in terms of specific indicators of housing provision, is marked by values below the Russian average for the entire three-year period (2018-2020). This macro-region is distinguished at the national level by the lowest values of the housing stock owned by citizens. In a number of regions of the Far Eastern Federal District, there is an obvious need to improve the quality of housing (the Republic of Buryatia and the Trans-Baikal Territory). The State mortgage program in the macroregion is the only opportunity to purchase housing, taking into account the debt burden of the population, the decrease in nominal and real incomes, the presence of unemployment, incl. hidden, reduction in the number of credit institutions (rehabilitation of banks in recent years).
On the Question of Cultural Memory and Identity in the Works of J. Assman
Authors: Alekminskaya Gul’nara
Published: September 2022

This article discusses the views of J. Assman on the essence of cultural memory and the identity formed on its basis. Identity can be viewed as the result of reflection on the unconscious self-image. J. Assman established a connection between personal and collective identity. Individual consciousness can be defined as sociogenic, not only because it arises in the process of socialization, but also because it creates a community and is the bearer of a collective self-image. J. Assman highlights the difference between individual and personal identity. Both aspects of self-identity are sociogenic and culturally determined, they arise in the mind, formed by the language, values and norms of a particular culture. Identity is a product of social construction and therefore always acts as a cultural identity. The difference between a collective identity and a different one is that the second one is symbolic. Collective identities belong to the realm of the social imagination. Collective identity also exists only to the extent that individuals recognize it as their own. Societies need the past for their self-determination. Awareness and recognition of belonging to a particular culture is a cultural identity. Personal identity is achieved through communication and interaction with other people, through living with them in a common symbolic world of meaning. Culture becomes the second nature of man, man adapts to the symbolic world of meanings. Culture creates a space suitable for human existence and is a prerequisite for the formation of personal and individual identity. The semantic horizons shared by people become a symbolic expression of we-identity. Of great importance is speech and the general system of symbols – the main means of forming groups. The complex of community transmitted in symbols is a cultural formation – something through which a collective identity is created and preserved in the change of generations. The sense of community is generated by the circulation of common meaning.
Moderators of the Connection between Pro-social Behavior and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Nastina Ekaterina
Published: September 2022

The principal aim of this article is to explore the mechanism of association between informal helping behavior and life satisfaction among Russians. It especially focuses on the potential moderating role of the close relationship between the agent and the beneficiary, as well as the values and demographic characteristics of the agent. To test the main hypotheses, multiple regression analysis is applied to online survey data (N=732) with respondents sampled from a large consumer panel. As expected, a significant positive relationship was observed between the cognitive component of subjective well-being and the self-reported frequency of helping both close ones and strangers, with the association being more pronounced in the former case. At the same time, the effect of pro-social action towards relatives and friends appeared to vary depending on the value orientation and age of the respondent: in older people (51+), as well as those who attach greater importance to the equal treatment of all people (high score on Universalism), helping relatives is not as closely associated with subjective well-being. As far as the positive effect of helping strangers on life satisfaction is concerned, no significant moderation effects were detected, which indicates its relative universality. The potential implications for kindness interventions and volunteer recruitment as well as the prospects for future research are discussed in the conclusion.
Selected Formal and Casual Correspondence between sociologists P.A. Sorokin and L. von Wiese (1950–1966). Transl. from Eng. and publication by N.A. Golovin
Authors: Golovin Nikolay
Published: September 2022

The postwar correspondence between P.A. Sorokin, head of the Harvard Centre for the Study of Creative Altruism, and L. von Wiese, President of the German Society for Sociology and publisher of a respected sociological journal from 1950 to 1966, describes their cooperation on issues of general sociology and in the search for practical ways of humanizing the postwar world. It covers notable events in P.A. Sorokin's scientific biography: his conflict with T. Parsons, L. von Wiese's role in its alleviation, Sorokin's creative plans and their implementation, the work of the Research Center for the Study of Creative Altruism, and evidence of recognition of Sorokin's work in West German society. This publication was prepared with support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project №20-011-00451, CGES Saint Petersburg and Bielefeld Universities, Grant №1 from 05.02.2021, on permission from The Pitirim Sorokin Foundation, the German Federal Archives (Bundesarchiv, BAarch B 320/39) and the Pitirim A. Sorokin Collection, University Archives & Special Collections, the University Library at the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. Letters written by L.vonWiese as a response to P.A.Sorokin are quoted in footnotes with numbering in Latin numerals. Footnote icons written in Arabic numerals refer to notes that supplement the main text.
“Sociologos: Platonic Dialogue” by Alexander Goldenweizer and “Pseudo-Sociologos. A Reply to Professor Goldenweiser” by Pitirim Sorokin. Transl. from Eng. by V.V. Sapov
Authors: Sapov Vadim
Published: September 2022

For the reader’s consideration— an article never before translated to Russian written by American anthropologist Alexander Goldenweiser, where he attempts to dismantle the first three volumes of Pitirim Sorokin’s “Social and Cultural Dynamics” that came out in 1937. In it he comprehensively criticizes Sorokin’s “Dynamics” to the point where he completely refutes all of it. The article is written in the form of a “platonic dialog” partaken by world famous scientists, artists and sociologists, with Socrates himself presiding on this “Areopagus”, who, after hearing out the prosecution, sentences Sorokin to capital punishment. Sorokin responded with an article where he analyzed all charges against him and issued his own decisive verdict— “not guilty”. The publication is meant to commemorate 85 years since the release of the first three volumes of “Social and Cultural Dynamics”.
[Rev.] Ionin L.G. The Drama of Max Weber’s Life. Moscow: Izdatel’skii dom “Delo” RANKHiGS publ., 2022
Authors: Maslovskiy Mikhail
Published: September 2022

This is a review of Leonid G. Ionin’s book devoted to Max Weber’s life and work. The book presents certain facts from Weber’s biography that are not widely known to the Russian audience. The author of the book focuses on Weber’s relationships with the people surrounding him. Aside from that, the author analyzes some elements of Weberian sociology while defining the influence of Protestant ethic on modern capitalism, as well as rationalization theory and the typology of domination. It is argued in the review that Ionin’s book makes an important contribution to the development of Max Weber studies in Russia.
Résidus d’antibiotiques dans la viande bovine et les œufs vendus à N’Djaména et à Moundou (Tchad)
Authors: Amine Alhadj Souleymane , Soudy Imar Djibrine , Zoli Pagnah André , Mouiche Mouliom Mohamed Moctar , Bagari Iya Souley
Published: September 2022

Ces dernières décennies, l’intensification de la production animale a été favorisée par l’usage des médicaments vétérinaires, en particulier les antibiotiques. Dans ce contexte, cette étude a été menée afin de rechercher la présence de résidus d’antibiotiques dans les denrées alimentaires d’origine animale comme la viande de bovins et les œufs de poules. Des échantillons ont étés prélevés (166 issus de viande bovine et 227 d’œufs) dans différents points d’abattage et de commerce des villes de N’Djaména et Moundou au Tchad. Les résultats ont montré la présence de résidus d’antibiotiques dans 72 des 166 échantillons de viande, soit une prévalence de 43,3 %, et dans 60 des 227 échantillons d’œufs, soit une prévalence de 26,4 %. Ces pourcentages élevés de résidus d’antibiotiques dans les denrées alimentaires fréquemment consommées constituent un problème de santé publique. Des études avec des méthodes quantitatives plus poussées devraient être conduites pour identifier la nature des antibiotiques présents dans ces denrées, ainsi que pour en quantifier les teneurs.
Gestão de Doentes Crónicos Complexos: Um Velho Desafio, Cada Vez Mais Atual
Authors: Loureiro Natália , Sousa Miguel
Published: September 2022

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