bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Optimization Method of the MPPT Algorithm and Balancing Voltage Control of the Three-Level Boost Converter (TLBC)
Authors: Abouobaida Hassan , Bied Said El
Published: April 2019

This paper is dedicated to studying the control of the Three Level Boost Converters (TLBC) and the optimization method of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) based a variable step. The main objective of the optimization is to find a compromise between the response time and the amplitude of the oscillations around the optimal point. The nonlinear behavior of the TLBC is manifested by the presence of the disturbances. For reasons of simplicity of the control, a linearization based on the dynamic compensation of the disturbance is proposed. On the one hand, a cascaded MPPT algorithm and a simple linear regulator allow adjusting the inductance current and a maximum power operation of the wind system. On the other hand, a second linear regulator ensures balancing of the output voltages. The paper proposes a new approach to the optimization of the Inc-Cond MPPT. The suggested contribution consists of using an exponential function of the power derivative to develop a variable step. The adoption of the variable step size according to the dynamics of the wind system implies a compromise between the response time and the amplitude of the ripples around the optimal point. The simulation results showed that a variable step size, especially in transient conditions and during a very rapid climate change recover the optimum power point within a reasonable time and suitable amplitude of the oscillations. The results achieved in this study show the ability of the proposed approach to extract the maximum power according to the available wind speed while guaranteeing a better efficiency. The developed study is summarized by the following points: (a) modeling the wind conversion systems, (b) detailing the control approach of the TLBC and presenting the variable step method (c) presenting the simulations results and evaluating the perf.
Optimal Power Flow Based Economic Generation Scheduling in Day-ahead Power Market
Authors: Choudhary Kshitij , Kumar Rahul , Upadhyay Dheeresh , Singh Brijesh
Published: April 2019

The present work deals with the economic rescheduling of the generation in an hour-ahead electricity market. The schedules of various generators in a power system have been optimizing according to active power demand bids by various load buses. In this work, various aspects of power system such as congestion management, voltage stabilization and loss minimization have also taken into consideration for the achievement of the goal. The Interior Point (IP) based Optimal Power Flow (OPF) methodology has been used to obtain the optimal generation schedule for economic system operation. The IP based OPF methodology has been tested on a modified IEEE-30 bus system. The obtained test results shows that not only the generation cost is reduced also the performance of power system has been improved using proposed methodology.
Analysis of Various Carriers Overlapping PWM Strategies for a Single Phase Ternary Multilevel Inverter
Authors: Balamurugan C. R. , Bensraj R.
Published: April 2019

Multilevel inverters are used in power conversion system due to improved voltage and current waveforms. This paper presents the comparison of various Carrier Overlapping Pulse Width Modulation (COPWM) Strategies for the three phase Cascaded Multi Level Inverter (CMLI). Various new schemes adopting the constant switching frequency and also variable switching frequency multicarrier control freedom degree combination concepts are developed and simulated for the chosen three phase CMLI. A single phase CMLI is controlled in this paper with Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM) reference along with Carrier Overlapping (CO) techniques and simulation is performed using MATLAB-SIMULINK. The variation of fundamental RMS output voltage and total harmonic distortion is observed for various carrier overlapping techniques. Among the various equal amplitude and unequal amplitude carriers carrier overlapping techniques such as COPWM-A, COPWM-B and COPWM-C, It is observed from Table 4 that all PWM method provides output with relative low distortion for equal amplitude carriers. If equal voltage sources are chosen then the THD will be less in the case of unequal amplitude carriers. But for the unequal voltage sources the THD is more in the case of unequal amplitude carriers.  It is observed from simulation results that (Table-5) almost in all the strategies unequal amplitude carriers gives more fundamental RMS values compared to equal amplitude carriers. It is seen from table 6 that peak voltage is more in the case of unequal amplitude carriers compared to equal amplitude carriers. It is observed from the table 7 that dc components are less in both equal and unequal amplitude carriers.
A Novel on Stability and Fault Ride through Analysis of Type-4 Wind Generation System Integrated to VSC-HVDC Link
Authors: Phani Kumar Ch. S. V. S. , Kumar T Vinay
Published: April 2019

Now-a-days pollution is increasing due to “Non Renewable Energy Sources”. In order to enhance the efficiency of conventional grid and to generate the electrical power in eco-friendly way, the renewable energy sources are employed. In this paper a type 4 wind generation system is implemented to analyse the system under fault conditions and to analyse the grid stability. In the proposed system type-4 wind generation system integrated to grid through VSC-HVDC link analysis is done by considering a fault on the grid side by the system gets isolated and wind generation system transfers voltage to local load and remote load. When a DC fault is occurred on the VSC-HVDC link then the grid side breaker and wind side breaker gets open, then system gets isolated. This is implemented by considering “Low Voltage Ride Through” (LVRT) conditions, According to the Indian grid code of contact wind generation maintain constant even the voltage collapse is occurred on the grid side. The proposed VSC-HVDC based Type-4 Wind Generation System give more reliable to operate in LVRT condition and can meet the Load demand when the system is under fault condition to some extent; The proposed method is Type –4 Wind generator is of 4.4MW/2.2kV each with a total plant capacity of 110MW operated with VSC based HVDC transmission system with 110kV DC bus voltage connected to 220kV grid. The results obtained shows the Grid is operates under fault ride through conditions stability.
Localized Transient Stability (LTS) Method for Real-time Localized Control
Authors: Miah Abdul Malek
Published: April 2019

Very recently, a new methodology was introduced solely for the purpose of real-time localized control of transient stability. The proposed new method is based on the localized transient stability of a power system. This is completely a new idea in transient stability. In this method, the post-fault power system is represented by a two-generator localized power system at the site of each individual generator. If each of these localized power systems reaches its respective stable equilibrium, then the full power system also reaches its stable equilibrium. Therefore, in terms of real-time localized control of transient stability, if each of the localized power systems is driven to its respective stable equilibrium by local control actions with local computations using the locally measured data, then the full power system is driven to its stable equilibrium. Thus the method can be easily implemented for real-time localized control of transient stability. In this paper, the details of the mathematical formulations are presented. Some interesting test results on the well-known New England 39-bus 10-generator system are also presented in this paper to demonstrate the potential of the proposed method for use in real-time localized control of transient stability.

 
Netload-constrained Unit Commitment Considering Increasing Renewable Energy Penetration Levels: Impact of Generation Schedules and Operational Cost
Authors: Abujarad Saleh Y. , Mustafa M. W. , Jamian J. J. , Abdilahi Abdirahman M. , Zareen N.
Published: April 2019

In the context of low carbon power systems, the penetration levels of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are expected to increase dramatically. In this regard, this paper investigates the maximum RES penetration level constrained by net load while considering an inflexible Unit Commitment (UC) model. To solve the UC problem, an enhanced priority list (EPL) based method is developed. In the proposed method, the plants were activated sequentially based on the operational price. The system constraint violations were repeatedly corrected until all system constraints (such as net load and spinning reserves) were satisfied. The proposed EPL method was efficient to achieve a near optimal solution under high shares of RES. Furthermore, the research work investigates three different scenarios representing penetration levels of 10% solar-only, 14.5% wind-only and 27.5% mixture of both solar and wind. The impact of each penetration level on the system scheduling and operational cost were analyzed in detail. The analysis presented shows that a potential operational cost savings of 21.6 $/MW, 20 $/MW and 11.1 $/MW is feasible under each of the represented scenarios, respectively.
Reliability worth Assessment of Active Distribution System Considering Protective Devices and Multiple Distributed Generation Units
Authors: Sarma S Subramanya , Madhusudhan V. , Ganesh V.
Published: April 2019

Reliability worth assessment is a primary concern in planning and designing of electrical distribution systems those operate in an economic manner with minimal interruption of electric supply to customer loads. Renewable energy sources (RES) based Distributed Generation (DG) units can be forecasted to penetrate in distribution networks due to advancement in their technology. The assessment of reliability worth of DG enhanced distribution networks is a relatively new research area. This paper proposes a methodology that can be used to analyze the reliability of active distribution systems (DG enhanced distribution system) and can be applied in preliminary planning studies to compute the reliability indices and statistics. The reliability assessment in this work is carried out with analytical approach applied on a test system and simulated results validate that installation of distributed generators can improve the distribution system reliability considerably.
Micro Hydropower System Design for Gua Kelam Electricity Supply
Authors: Albreem Mamoud A. M. , Aspan Rosnita Md
Published: April 2019

Sufficient and uninterrupted electricity supply is one of the main factors to develop the country. Today, electricity can be generated using a variety of sources, whether from non-renewable sources as well as renewable resources. To generate electrical power, Malaysia can't rely entirely on non-renewable resources such as petroleum and coal as these are finite resources which are experiencing depletion around the world. Electricity generated from renewable sources such as water, particularly from micro hydropower systems is considered the cheapest and most environmentally friendly source of electrical energy. Based on the reconnaissance study conducted, the streams of flowing water in Gua Kelam have the potential to yield about 34.29 kW of electricity power, based on the head height of 27 m and flow rate 0.216 m3/s. In this paper, a model for an ordinary micro hydropower facility has been proposed. It links various electromechanical equipment consisting of a hydraulic turbine governor, and a synchronous generator. The modeling was executed to design a micro hydropower system as an alternative source of supply of electricity to Gua Kelam, Perlis. The proposed model was tested by placing a three-phase fault to earth for the purpose of testing the reliability of the system. With the selection of an appropriate control system, the proposed model is very suitable for the development of micro hydropower system at a potential site such as Gua Kelam.
Interleaved Flyback Converter with Embedded Grid Interacting PV Cascaded MLI
Authors: V Jaikrishna , Dash Subhranhsu Sekhar , Alex Linss T , Sridhar R.
Published: April 2019

The importance of extracting power from renewable energy sources are increasing in the modern world as the power demand is increasing day by day and the non renewable energy sources are getting dried up. Solar power is a domestic source of energy and its availability throughout the year makes it a primary target to solve this crisis. It will never produce any hazardous waste or pollution. But various issues like Power quality problems and Harmonic distortion seep in due to the intermittent nature of PV system. This paper proposes a cascaded H–bridge multilevel inverter for grid connected PV system with a flyback converter. This helps to achieve maximum power point tracking and also provides isolation which will further help to increase system efficiency. The DC–DC flyback converters are cascaded to generate multilevel output voltage. Then this multilevel dc output is given to H bridge inverter to generate multilevel output. A new control algorithm is used in this paper which combines voltage–hold Perturb and observe method and modified PWM algorithm which helps to achieve the best MPPT. The proposed topology is implemented in PSIM. The Simulation and Hardware results reveal that the suggested technique is highly.
Improved virtual flux direct power control of three phase PWM rectifier using SOGI-FLL estimator under disturbed voltage conditions
Authors: Rahab A , Benalla H , Senani F
Published: April 2019

In this paper, improved sonsorless direct power control (DPC) of three-phase rectifiers is presented. The new system are based on virtual flux (VF) and notch filter using Second Order Generalized Integrator frequency located loop SOGI-FLL estimator. In order to improve the VF-DPC performance of PWM rectifier, an improved observation method of virtual flux-linkage is proposed. To avoid the relevant problems of pure integrator, and to achieve the accurate observation of the grid voltage’s phase, (SOGI-FLL) are used to displace the pure integrator. Theoretical principles of this method are presented and discussed. These strategies are also investigated under disturbed grid voltage. A theoretical analysis of active and reactive power under a non-ideal source is clearly demonstrated. In order to calculate the compensated powers, the extraction of positive, negative, and harmonic sequences of voltage and current is needed and a multiple dual SOGI-FLL method is used for rapid and accurate extraction. It is shown that the VFDPC with integrating notch filter exhibits several advantages, particularly providing small ripple of DC-link voltage and sinusoidal line current when the supply voltage is not ideal.
Estimation of daily vertical solar irradiation by the use of meteorological data
Authors: Benziane Mourad , Ayad Mouloud , Saoudi Kamel , Rezki Mohamed
Published: April 2019

Energy has been recognized as one of the most inputs for social and economic improvement and a clean energy is a challenge in the future. Therefore, renewable energy has become one of the most popular sources of energy. The solar energy, is one of this renewable energy, has the most propriety which is the durability. Due to its geographical location, Algeria has one of the world’s most important gas reserves, and has in addition one of the highest solar reservoirs in the world. Solar irradiation is an essential parameter for many applications such as the design and performance of renewable energy systems, but this is not always available, especially in remote locations. The prediction of solar irradiation values is often the only practical way to acquire these data. The objective of this work is to develop a model for the prediction of the Vertical Solar Irradiation (VSI) based on real meteorological data. This model is based on the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN).
Terminal voltage and power regulation using vehicle-to-grid (V2G) schemes integrated to smart interconnected power system
Authors: Mohamed Tarek Hassan , Abdel-Rahim Abdel-moamen Mohammed
Published: April 2019

This paper is an attempt to use the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) connected system to play an effective job in the regulation of the voltage and power of the power system besides its positive effect for the system frequency. A two area power system is used to measure the effectiveness of the proposed V2G scheme. The proposed system is tested under the step load change condition and three phase short system case. A comparison between the system with proposed V2G schemes and that system without V2Gs is carried out showing the importance of the presence of the V2G schemes on system frequency, terminal voltage and total power. MATLAB /SIMULINK software package is used as a test environment.
Improving CCT-D and LO of the 6600K ICP-WLEDs by K2SiF6:Mn4+ Phosphor
Authors: Tran Tin Phu , Le Anh Vu , Tran Minh , Huu Khanh Nhan Nguyen , Thanh Trang Tran
Published: April 2019

In this research, we propose a novel recommendation for improving CCT-D and lumen output (LO) of the 6600K in-cup packaging white LEDs (ICP-WLEDs) by varying its particle concentration. By using Light Tools and Mat lab software based on the Mie Theory, we derive the influence of the red phosphor particle’s concentration on the D-CCT and LO. The results show that the CCT-D are significantly affected when the concentration of the red phosphor varying from 0% to 1.8%. The CCT-D decreases from 4000K to 2200K and LO increases from 800 lm to 1300 lm.
A five-level multilevel topology utilizing multicarrier modulation technique
Authors: Rasheed Rabiya , K K Saju , V Bindu
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a new topology for cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter utilizing multicarrier modulation technique. The new five-level topology utilizes a capacitive divider network consisting of two capacitors for producing output voltage levels. The developed circuit has reduced number of switches and dc sources compared to conventional five level inverters. Five main power switches, a single additional diode apart from antiparallel diodes, two capacitors and a dc supply constitute a single five level unit. Simulations as well as experimental results are verified for the new topology utilising multicarrier modulation technique with reduced harmonic distortions in the output.
“Nearest Zero-point” Algorithm for Cooperative Robotic Search Missions
Authors: Aryai Vahid , Kharazi Mahsa , Ariai Farid
Published: April 2019

Four path planning and data exchange algorithms for cooperative search and coverage robotic missions are proposed and modified. The introduced methods are simulated using C++ programming environment and the results are discussed in detail for environments with static obstacles. It has been shown that using the “nearest zero-point” algorithm can greatly optimize the mission duration and also overlapping of the search trajectories. Finally, the results are compared with several existing algorithms.
Quadrotor Control System with Hand Movement Sign as an Alternative Remote Control
Authors: Putro Nur Achmad Sulistyo , Dharmawan Andi , Priyambodo Tri Kuntoro
Published: April 2019

Quadrotor is an unmanned aerial vehicle which is controlled by remote control. Unfortunately, not all of the remote control are easy to use, especially for people who have lacking abilities in piloting. This study aims to design a prototype system to control  quadrotor using hand movements, as an alternative to the conventional remote control that more simple. This system is consists of 2 parts, quadrotor and handheld. Both systems can communicate wirelessly using radio frequency 2.4 GHz. The handheld system will read the orientation angle of the hand by IMU sensor and it will be converted into a command to determine the direction motion of the quadrotor. To get the orientation angle from the IMU sensor data, we used DCM sensor fusion method. Quadrotor needs a control system that can make its respond runs optimally. In this study, the method of the control system that used is PID controller. The PID gain obtained using Ziegler-Nichols oscillation method and then fixed again by fine-tuned method.
Sensor Fusion of Leap Motion Controller and Flex Sensors using Kalman Filter for Human Finger Tracking
Authors: Joseph Vedhagiri Godwin Ponraj , Ren Hongliang
Published: April 2019

In our daily life, we, human beings use our hands in various ways for most of our day-to-day activities. Tracking the position, orientation and articulation of human hands has a variety of applications including gesture recognition, robotics, medicine and health care, design and manufacturing, art and entertainment across multiple domains. However, it is an equally complex and challenging task due to several factors like higher dimensional data from hand motion, higher speed of operation, self-occlusion, etc. This paper puts forth a novel method for tracking the finger tips of human hand using two distinct sensors and combining their data by sensor fusion technique.
Controlling of Mobile Robot by Using of Predictive Controller
Authors: Rezaee Alireza
Published: April 2019

In this paper implementation of Model Predictive
Controller on mobile robot was explained. The conducted
experiments show effectiveness of the proposed method on
control of the mobile robot. Furthermore the effects of the model
parameters such as control horizon, prediction horizon,
weighting factor and signal filter band on the controller
performance were studied. Finally, a comparison between the
designed MPC controller and PID and adaptive controllers was
presented demonstrating superior performance of the Model
Predictive Controllers.
Improving Transient Stability in Power Systems by Using Fuzzy Logic Controlled SVC
Authors: Abadi Reaza Ashrafi Habib , Nekoubin Amir
Published: April 2019

This paper presents the capability of a fuzzy logic based stabilizer used for generating the supplementary control signal to voltage regulator of static VAR compensator (SVC) for improving damping oscillations in power systems. Generator speed deviation and line active power were chosen as input signals for the fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The quantity of reactive power supplied/absorbed by SVC is determined based on the two input signal and deviation of terminal voltage at each sampling time. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control is demonstrated with Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system and multi machine system which show improvement over the use of a fixed parameter controller. It has been observed that a robust controller is obtained with fuzzy logic controller.
Exploration Strategies of Coordinated Multi-Robot System: A Comparative Study
Authors: El shenawy Ayman. , Mohamed Khalil. , M. Harb Hany.
Published: April 2019

Environment Exploration is the basic process that most of Multi Robot Systems applications depend on it. The exploration process performance depends on the coordination strategy between the robots participating in the team.  In this paper the coordination of Multi Robot Systems in the exploration process is surveyed, and the performance of different Multi Robot Systems exploration strategies is contrasted and analyzed for different environments and different team sizes.
Harmonic Analysis of Three-phase Fixed Capacitor–thyristor Controlled Reactor under Balanced and Unbalanced Conditions
Authors: Badugu Jayababu , P.Obulesu Y. , Saibabu Ch.
Published: April 2019

Three-phase Fixed Capacitor Thyristor Controlled Reactor is widely used for reactive power compensation in power systems because of reduced cost and high reliability.  The problem with FC-TCR is that to generate current harmonics when it is partially conducting. When this harmonic current is interacted with system impedance, voltage waveform will distorted. This harmonic pollution is undesirable in power systems. Therefore, it is important to know the harmonic behaviour of three-phase FC-TCR before they can be used in a power system network. This paper presents the harmonic analysis of three-phase FC-TCR operating under balanced and unbalanced conditions. This analysis is useful to design the harmonic filter to reduce the harmonic pollution in power systems.The proposed work is implemented in MATLAB environment.
Implement the Harmonic Search Algorithm with Optimum Location of Capacitors Sizing and Dispatchable DGs to Control the Reactive Power on Interconnected Bus System
Authors: Suneetha M. , Rao R.Srinivasa , Subramanyam B.
Published: April 2019

Power system is combination of generation, transmission and Distribution Network. In modern trends power system operation is very difficulty due to energy storage elements, and variable inductive load. In power system, control the reactive power is essential to maintain the safe and more reliability of power system operation. In this paper, to organize the real power and reactive power by optimizing and sizing of capacitors and Dispatchable  Distribution generators in a distribution network with help of Harmonic Search Algorithm. The constraints of power system like voltage, real power and reactive and branch current carrying capacity are included in the evaluation of the objective function. To validate  planned development network an IEEE 30 bus investigation system is considered.
Backstepping Control for MPPT and UPF of a Three Phase Single Stage Grid Connected PV System
Authors: Malah M. El , Ba-razzouk A. , Guisser M. , Abdelmounim E. , Madark M.
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a new control methodology of a three phase grid connected photovoltaic system without using the intermediary DC/DC converter. Based on the synchronized nonlinear model of the whole photovoltaic system, two controllers have been proposed for the three-phase inverter in order to ensure the operation of the PV system at the maximum power point with unity power factor and minimum grid disturbance. Grid synchronization has been ensured by a three-phase 2nd order PLL (Phase-Locked Loop). The stability of each controller is demonstrated by means of Lyapunov analysis and evaluated under changing atmospheric conditions using the Matlab/Simulink environment, the simulation results clearly demonstrate the performance provided by each controller.
FPGA Based a PWM Technique for Permanent Magnet AC Motor Drives
Authors: Sutikno Tole , Nik Idris Nik Rumzi , Satya Widodo Nuryono , Jidin Auzani
Published: April 2019

The permanent magnet AC motor trapezoidal (BLDC motor) is not strictly DC motor, which uses a pulsed DC fed to the stator field windings to create a rotating magnetic field. Therefore, the motor needs an electronic commutation to provide the rotating field. A pair of switches must be turned on sequentially in the correct order to energize a pair of windings. If the incorrect order is applied, then the BLDC motor will not operate properly. This paper presents a smart guideline to ensure that the order to energize a pair of windings is correct. To ensure the guideline, FPGA based a simple commutation state machine scheme to control BLDC motor is presented. The experiment results have shown that the guideline is correct. The commutation scheme was successfully realized using Altera's APEX20KE FPGA to control BLDC motor in both of forward/reverse rotations or forward/reverse regenerative braking properly.
Controller for Network Interface Card on FPGA
Authors: Kamble Suchita , Mhala N. N.
Published: April 2019

The continuing advances in the performance of network servers make it essential for network interface cards (NICs) to provide more sophisticated services and data processing. Modern network interfaces provide fixed functionality and are optimized for sending and receiving large packets. Network interface cards allow the operating system to send and receive packets through the main memory to the network. The operating system stores and retrieves data from the main memory and communicates with the NIC over the local interconnect, usually a peripheral component interconnect bus (PCI). Most NICs have a PCI hardware interface to the host server, use a device driver to communicate with the operating system and use local receive and transmit storage buffers. NICs typically have a direct memory access (DMA) engine to transfer data between host memory and the network interface memory. In addition, NICs include a medium access control (MAC) unit to implement the link level protocol for the underlying network such as Ethernet, and use a signal processing hardware to implement the physical (PHY) layer defined in the network. To execute and synchronize the above operations NICs also contents controller whose architecture is customized for network data transfer. In this paper we present the architecture of application specific controller that can be used in NICs.
AES Encryption Algorithm Hardware Implementation: Throughput and Area Comparison of 128, 192 and 256-bits Key
Authors: El Adib Samir , Raissouni Naoufal
Published: April 2019

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) adopted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to replace existing Data Encryption Standard (DES), as the most widely used encryption algorithm in many security applications. Up to today, AES standard has key size variants of 128, 192, and 256-bit, where longer bit keys provide more secure ciphered text output. In the hardware perspective, bigger key size also means bigger area and small throughput. Some companies that employ ultra-high security in their systems may look for a key size bigger than 128-bit AES. In this paper, 128, 192 and 256-bit AES hardware are implemented and compared in terms of throughput and area. The target hardware used in this paper is Virtex XC5VLX50 FPGA from Xilinx. Total area and Throughput results are presented and graphically compared.
A Novel Evolutionary Method for Designing Optimized Multifunctional Logic Modules
Authors: Anjomshoa Mehdi , Mahani Ali
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we proposed a novel heuristic method based on Imperialist competitive Algorithm (ICA) to design combinational logic modules which performing different arithmetic functions. According to conventional methods, for multi functional circuit, a distinct circuit is designed for each specific function and then all of them are combined together with multiplexer(s) to have desired circuit. But in our proposed method the whole circuit structure is designed and optimized in one procedure by ICA Algorithm. We tried to optimize the area of circuit by reducing the number of transistors forming logic gates. Simulation results show that our method significantly reduces the number of transistors and gates and accordingly the circuit area.
Low Power VLSI Design and Implementation of Area-Optimized 256-bit AEStandard for Real Time Images on Vertex 5
Authors: AV Shruthi , Alice Electa , Bilal Mohammed
Published: April 2019

A new Vertex6-chipscope based implementation scheme of the AES-256 (Advanced Encryption Standard, with 256-bit key) encryption and decryption algorithm is proposed in this paper. For maintaining the speed of encryption and decryption, the pipelining technology is applied and the mode of data transmission is modified in this design so that the chip size can be reduced. The 256-bit plaintext and the 256- bit initial key, as well as the 256-bit output of cipher-text, are all divided into four 32-bit consecutive units respectively controlled by the clock. In this novel work, substantial improvement in performance in terms of area, power and dynamic speed has been obtained.
Crosstalk Minimization in VLSI Interconnects
Authors: Kaur Damanpreet , Sulochana V.
Published: April 2019

Crosstalk noise is often induced in long interconnects running parallel to each other .There arises a need to minimize the effect of these crosstalk noise so as to maintain the signal integrity in interconnects. So in this paper crosstalk noise is minimized using various techniques such as repeater (bidirectional buffer) insertion along with shielding, skewing and shielding & skewing simultaneously. With the help of these techniques crosstalk noise is controlled to a great extent in long interconnects. Prelayout simulations for crosstalk are carried out for different techniques at 90nm technology nodes using cadence. The influences of these techniques are analyzed and it is found that crosstalk is reduced upto 57%.
An Efficient Implementation of the Entire Transforms in the H.264/AVC Encoder using VHDL
Authors: Rad Farhad , Broumandnia Ali
Published: April 2019

The H.264/AVC standard achieves remarkable higher compression performance than the previous MPEG and H.26X standards. One of the computationally intensive units in the MPEG and H.26X video coding families is the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). In this paper, we propose an efficient implementation of the DCT, inverse DCTs and the Hadamard transforms in the H.264/AVC encoder using VHDL. The synthesis results indicate that our implementation of the entire transforms achieves lower power, delay and area consumption compared to the existing architectures in the H.264/AVC encoder.
Implementation of High Speed Self Switching Frequency Agile RADAR
Authors: Lakshmi K Jansi , Narayana Reddy K Surya
Published: April 2019

 The radar has to resist diversified jamming; High Speed self-adaptive frequency   agility   is   an   important   and   effective function  for radars to resist jamming.  The procedure to achieve this function are described, and the function is realized with FPGA using Hardware description  Language, the validity is proved by on- line sampling and simulation. The High speed self-adaptive frequency agility module can analyze the type of jamming to select  transmitting  frequency  to avoid the frequencies which have interference, under frequency       diversity  and  fixed  frequency, respectively. The   general   application   on   a   searching   radar shows that the module has good real-time and anti- jamming capacity.
Implementation of LOCO-I Lossless Image Compression Algorithm for Deep Space Applications
Authors: Praveena P.
Published: April 2019

Present emerging trend in space science applications is to explore and utilize the deep space. Image coding in deep space communications play vital role in deep space missions. Lossless image compression has been recommended for space science exploration missions to retain the quality of image. On-board memory and bandwidth requirement is reduced by image compression. Programmable logic like field programmable gate array (FPGA) offers an attractive solution for performance and flexibility required by real time image compression algorithms. The powerful feature of FPGA is parallel processing which allows the data to process quicker than microprocessor implementation. This paper elaborates on implementing low complexity lossless image compression algorithm coder on FPGA with minimum utilization of onboard resources for deep space applications.
Software Design and Development of Beverage Vending Machine System Using ARM Architecture with LPC2148
Authors: Naik Dessai Sanket Suresh
Published: April 2019

Beverage vending machine systems are becoming popular in the Indian market.These systems are today available in Indian MNCs and some top rated restaurants and hotels.In most systems the operation are carried manually by the operator in which the billing and change making is carried out by the owner who runnig the shop or restaurant.In India tea and coffee habits were cultured by the colonial rule of the British and the Portuguese,even tody the colonial rule had been over but the habits of tea and coffee beverage consumptions becomes as the routine daily life.Hence there is a need to understand beverage vending machine systems to serve the Indian Market.

In this paper,a critical analysis of requirement has been carried out and the system design had been arrived at.The system requirement demand an ARM based controller for better system performance.To meet the system performance criteria and richest of peripherals an LPC2148 with low cost had been selected.The system is more efficient to analyse the change making and the identification had been carried out using the motors,LCDs,water heater,solenoid valve,money box,change making and dispensing unit.

The system is tested and validated for the specified test cases.The milk motor run for 10 rotations to drive 200 milligrams of milk powder to the container to make to tea or coffee beverage.In this system a stepper motor had been used can be replaced by using dc motors to avaoid power losses.In future an ATM or credit card based payment system can be incorporated to these systems.
The Experimental Platform Design for NCS Based on CAN Bus
Authors: Weiquan Zhao , Huaqiang Yuan , Xiaorui Wei
Published: April 2019

In order to facilitate research on the performance of Networked Control System, overcome the defects of unable to reflect the system performance, based on the CAN bus a kind of NCS experimental platform is designed. The system is composed of a main node and several slave nodes and Dc motor as the actuator. The master node is designed with ARM + U-boot + Linux structure, connecting with PC via Ethernet. For this experiment platform, using c + + Builder a scheduling algorithm performance testing software is developed, to further research on the effects of different scheduling algorithm on the NCS performance.
Real-Time Algorithms and Architectures for several user Channel Detection in Wireless Base Station Receivers
Authors: Meena Nitish , Parihar Nilesh
Published: April 2019

In this paper presents algorithms and architecture designs that can meet real-time requirements of for several user channel estimation and detection in code-division multiple-access-based wireless base-station receivers. Entangled algorithms proposed to implement several user channel assessment and demodulation make their real-time execution difficult on current digital signal processor-based receivers. A based several user channel assessment scheme requiring matrix conversion is draft again from an demodulation perspective for a reduced intricacy, repetitive scheme with a simple fixed-point very large scale integration  architecture. A reduced-intricacy, bit-streaming several user demodulation algorithm that avoids the need for demodulation is also developed for a simple, pipelined VLSI architecture. Thus, we develop real-time solutions for several user channel assessment and demodulation for third-generation wireless systems by: 1) designing the algorithms from a fixed-point execution perspective, without significant loss in error rate performance; 2) task partitioning; and 3) designing bit-streaming fixed-point VLSI architectures that explore pipelining, correspondence, and bit-level computations to achieve real-time with minimum area overhead.
An Efficient Framework for Floor-plan Prediction of Dynamic Runtime Reconfigurable Systems
Authors: Al-Wattar Ahmed , Areibi Shawki , Grewal Gary
Published: April 2019

Several embedded application domains for reconfigurable systems tend to combine
frequent changes with high performance demands of their workloads such as image processing, wearable computing and
network processors.  Time multiplexing of reconfigurable hardware resources raises a number of new issues, ranging
from run-time systems to complex programming models that usually form a Reconfigurable
hardware Operating System (ROS).  The Operating System performs online task scheduling and handles resource management.
There are many challenges in adaptive computing and dynamic reconfigurable systems. One of the major understudied challenges
is estimating the required resources in terms of soft cores, Programmable Reconfigurable Regions (PRRs),
the appropriate communication infrastructure, and to predict a near optimal layout and floor-plan of the reconfigurable logic fabric.
Some of these issues are specific to the application being designed, while others are more general and relate to the underlying run-time environment.
Static resource allocation for Run-Time Reconfiguration (RTR) often leads to inferior and unacceptable results.
In this paper, we present a novel adaptive and dynamic methodology, based on a Machine Learning approach, for predicting and
estimating the necessary resources for an application based on past historical information.
An important feature of the proposed methodology is that the system is able to learn and generalize and, therefore, is expected to improve
its accuracy over time.  The goal of the entire process is to extract useful hidden knowledge from the data. This knowledge is the prediction
and estimation of the necessary resources for an unknown or not previously seen application.
Development of BSP for ARM9 Evaluation Board
Authors: Pandit K. Vinayak , Dessai Sanket , Chaudhari Shilpa
Published: April 2019

With an increasing usage of ARM9 core for different kinds of applications ranging from data acquisition to Mobile application, there arises the need for developing ARM9 based board. To bring up this board, board supporting package (BSP) is must. Board supporting package virtualizes the platform hardware so that the different drivers can be ported easily on any hardware. The boot loader is the initial stage of firmware, which initializes the hardware components presents on the board. A universal Bootloader is chosen and is to be customized with respect to target board. In the later section bootloader is interfaced to the kernel which is obtained form an authorized distributor under general purpose license. The customized board specific routines as well drivers are ported onto the hardware. Then the compiled kernel image is ported onto the target board using a debugger and SAM-BA utility. Linux kernel has seen major releases; the basic architecture of the Linux kernel has remained more or less unchanged. The latest 2.6 version of Linux kernel is ported onto target hardware. Kernel support for many architectures and high-end I/O devices gives the independence to choose appropriate hardware for developing system. The bootloader customization is the critical step, which involves a lot of modifications in the header files. BSP components such as bootloader, kernel is compiled using GNU tool chain; obtained image is ported on target using debugger. BSP porting is a very complex task, which required knowledge of hardware and software control sequence and boot strategy of the controller.
An Automated Way of Baking Process for Moisture Sensitive Components
Authors: Ramamoorthy A. , Jagadeeshraja M. , Manivannan L. , Raja K.
Published: April 2019

The objective of my project is to the new technology termed as “baking process” to remove the moisture content available in the particular electronics devices which is used in Rea time industrial application. In Industries there are certain policies are maintained for semiconductor devices, which referred as “Shelf life” of the material. Once it crossed its lifetime, some process need to done to extend this. Depends on the moisture sensitive characteristics baking is employed mainly to shelf life extension. The Baking is the process of removing of moisture content from particular semiconductor device in order to effective usage in the production line.  In my propose method the moisture content is measured by corresponding moisture sensor. If it is normal level the processor goes to the normal state, If it is reaches the abnormal level (presence of moisture) the processor baked the product. Temperature and humidity sensors are effectively monitor and provide the signal to the processor. The UTLP kit provide the information about the status of the product.
Fast, Intelligent and Secure an Embedded Health-care Supervisory System
Authors: Bidgar Neha Shivaji
Published: April 2019

The world of medical supervisory system should remotely monitor various parameters of patients with help of electronics. This work aims at monitoring parameters in fast, intelligent and secure way. The work emphasizes on designing an embedded system which handles critical parameters of patients in hospital/nursing units. The data samples are processed using an ARM based CPU’s and to achieve performance metrics TI RTOS is used and validated. The system generates interrupts based on the priority of each of critical parameters with a threshold in it and enables alarming/warning system. The data is then transferred to IoT layer using a CC3100 TI based SoC for further reference and processing.
In this paper, 4 parameters has been monitored for designing system such as measuring Respiratory rate for human breath, MMG signal for muscle movement, Blood pressure rate as well as Temperature. RTOS helps with scheduling as well as with interrupts also helps Wi-Fi module to work with it. Wi-Fi module provides many security options as WEP, WAP, and WAP2.
Design and Implementation of 8x8 Multiplier using 4-2 Compressor and 5-2 Compressor
Authors: Kishore K. Hari , Akhil K. , Viswanath G. , Kumar N. Pavan
Published: April 2019

In this paper, a 8x8 multiplier is realized by using 4-2 and 5-2 compressors. Low-power high speed 4-2 compressors and 5-2 compressors are extensively utilized for numerical realizations. Both the compressors circuits that is the 4-2 compressor circuit and 5-2 compressor circuit internally consist of the logic gates i.e. the XOR and XNOR gates.  4-2 compressor circuit has been designed uses a brand new partial-product reduction format that consecutively reduces the utmost output new style of number needs less variety of MOSFET’s compared to Wallace Tree Multipliers. The 4-2 compressor used is created from high-speed and consists of logic gates XOR and XNOR gates and transmission gate primarily based electronic device. The regular delay and switching energy also called as power-delay product (PDP) is differentiated with the 5-2 compressor enforced with 4-2 Compressors and while not compressors, and is evidenced to own minimum delay and PDP. Simulations are performed by mistreatment Xilinx ten.1 ISE.
Using FPGA Design and HIL Algorithm Simulation to Control Visual Servoing
Authors: Faisal Abdulrazak Lway , Aljawary Zaid A.
Published: April 2019

This is a novel research paper provides an optimal solution for object tracking using visual servoing control system with programmable gate array technology to realize the visual controller. The controller takes in account the robot dynamics to generate the joint torques directly for performing the tasks related to object tracking using visual servoing. Also, the notion of dynamic perceptibility provides the capability of the designed system to track desired objects employing direct visual servoing technique. This idea is assimilated in the suggested controller and realized in the programmable gate array. Additionally, this paper grants an ideal control framework for direct visual servoing robots that incorporates dynamic perceptibility features. With the aim of evaluating the proposed FPGA based architecture, the control algorithm is applied to Hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HIL) set up of three degrees of freedom rigid robotic manipulator with three links. Furthermore, different investigations are performed to demonstrate the behavior of the proposed system when a trajectory adjacent to a singularity is attained.
Smart Assisted Vehicle for Disabled/Elderly using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Pandey Shubham , Chandewar Shubham , A. Krishnamoorthy
Published: April 2019

Independent mobility is a key component in maintaining the physical and psychosocial health of an individual. Further, for people e having disabled/elderly, independent mobility increases vocational and educational opportunities, reduces dependence on caregivers and family members, and promotes feelings of self-reliance. Psychologically, a decrease in mobility can lead to feelings of emotional loss, anxiety, depression, educed self-esteem, social isolation, stress, and fear of abandonment. Even though the benefits of powered mobility are well documented, the safety issues associated with operation of powered vehicles often prevent clinicians and rehabilitation practitioners from prescribing powered mobility. So we are introducing an intelligent vehicle for disables/elderly people which uses an array of sensors to help with the movement of the vehicle with minimal human interaction. Functionalities of the proposed system are further enhanced using android interface connect to the vehicle via Bluetooth.