bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital sketch maps in teaching GIS for law enforcement students
Authors: Pődör Andrea , Zentai László , Gál Erika
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This paper presents a project-based learning method designed by teachers of GIS for students in public order. The aim of the method is to utilize GIS technologies for analysing digital sketch maps made after interviewing people by students. This method gives a hands-on experience of the students about the subjective feelings of the citizens of the examined settlements. For the projects, a paper-based survey and a web application in the form of digital sketch maps were used.The article shows the process of projects used in the studies of public order. The methods applied in the phase of planning, processing and visualising of the data are explained in the case of digital sketch maps and of paper-based surveys. Some general findings of the project are also introduced as well as the students’ opinion of the effectiveness of the projects.General findings show that the results of the students correlate with observations found in the literature. It is evident that more informatics the students acquire during their everyday routine, the more useful and beneficial they find the usage of Geographical Information Systems and the project of using digital sketch maps of fear of crime in different cities.
Geomorphological analysis of wetland distribution on various spatial scales
Authors: Sasaki Natsuki , Sugai Toshihiko
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This study introduces some case analyses of wetland distribution on various spatial scales, from nationwide to the area of a wetland group, with a focus on geomorphological feature. Then described the usefulness of GIS analysis in wetland research. The nationwide wetland distribution in Japan showed that wetland density was high at less than 200 m and around 1600–2000 m. Wetlands in mountainous regions were concentrated in snowy Quaternary volcanic regions from the center to the northern part of Japan. This implied snow accumulation and topography of volcanic mountains are important for wetland formation. Secondly, we clarified that wetlands were mainly distributed on the gentle slope of original volcanic surfaces and in landslides in the Hachimantai volcanic groups, in the northern Japan, using 10-m grid DEM and aerial photo interpretation. With the higher-resolution data, it was clear that wetlands were arranged depending on the microtopography of landslides and volcanic surfaces and groundwater. Using data with resolution suitable for the target topographical size and combining the results of multiple spatial scales/resolutions, we can understand the origin of wetlands in more detail.
Developing Interactive Map Apps for an Exhibition on the Topic ‘Fremdsein’: a Joint Endeavour by Students and Lecturers
Authors: Schaab Gertrud , Stern Christian , Jedersberger Jan , Samedov Agageldi
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The Faculty of Information Management and Media (IMM) at Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences received funding for a project called ‘Fremdsein 4.0’. It targeted experiences about educational migration through applying various media means. Two interdisciplinary workshops were conducted focussing on the German words ‘Fremdsein’ and ‘Heimat’ as main topics, which relate to feelings of “foreignness” or of being at home. Among other results, two Web map apps that help to reflect on the two terms were conceptualized and evolved over time to become part of an exhibition towards the end of the project. The paper starts with describing the various contexts in which the map apps are placed: maps used in exhibitions, a reflection on ‘Fremdsein’, interdisciplinary learning and conceptualizing, and finally Web mapping and personalized maps. Next, the process of the map app development is covered, which led to two robust browser-based offline apps named ‘Ideal Home Finder’ and ‘Emotional Foreignness Ranking’. The former app, based on the research of Hofstede et al., makes use of empirically derived dimensions on cultural differences. By answering six questions, the user can find out in which countries he/she might feel at home. The latter app, which more directly resulted from workshop outcomes and personal experiences of the participants, allows to come up with rankings of emotional “foreignness” for five previously selected countries. We discuss and conclude with reflections on the two workshops, the developed apps and the exhibition.
The Development of Open Source Based Citizen Collaboration Applications for Infrastructure Management: My City Report
Authors: Seto Toshikazu , Sekimoto Yoshihide , Omata Hiroshi , Maeda Hiroya , Kashiyama Takehiro , Higashi Shusaku , Fujii Masato , Seki Haruyuki
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This paper describes the development of the “My City Report” open source platform as a tool to encourage citizens to solve problems themselves as well as actively hearing and carefully considering citizens’ opinions. This was accomplished by conducting demonstration experiments utilizing data from several domestic municipalities. The development was done by prototyping and its efficacy was tested in different population sizes from 15 local governments during a period of three years. These discussions showed a functional improvement based on over 300 positive feedback comments. Furthermore, the developed applications and systems were tested on a public cloud during the same period, and some municipalities received long-term submissions from citizens and road administrators. This paper details the current arrival points and issues concerning civil collaboration and management efficiency targeting roads based on data driving. We discuss the current goals and issues concerning citizens’ collaboration and management efficiency for roads based on data driving.
The bicycle at the end of the 19th century: An instrument for land surveying and mapping
Authors: Thielmann Tristan
Published: July 2019

Abstract. At the end of the 19th century, the bicycle was a medium used for land development, connection, sensing and routing. This article explores these features of the bicycle based on the League of American Wheelmen bulletins that were published between 1880 and 1902. The enquiry shows that the bicycle constitutes a rural geomedium since the first cyclists regarded themselves as land surveyors. Furthermore, the bicycle, as a vehicle that is connected to an individual, links the starting and end points of a route – without stops on the way and without changing vehicles. This continuity of movement is a highly essential property of the medium ‘bicycle’. Being awheel and making the countryside accessible cartographically are therefore closely linked to each other; they take place in one and the same procedure as part of the joint practice of land surveys. During this process, the bicycle proves to be an ideal instrument for the sensing of road surface conditions and therefore functions as a mediator between the road and the cyclist. It also serves as a mediator between urban and rural areas and as a connected device: the bicycle is the condition for cooperation for Bicycle Clubs, which enjoyed enormous popularity at the end of the 19th century. It facilitated the cooperative experiencing and exploring of the land that had yet not been documented cartographically and, in turn, yielded its own new form of representation: navigable maps in the form of route guides.
Individual level heat risk evaluation using GPS towards smart navigation system
Authors: Yoshida Takahiro , Yamagata Yoshiki , Murakami Daisuke
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Urban heat risk management is an urgent issue in Japan. Although it is difficult to evaluate heat risk at spatially fine scale due to measurement data restrictions, heat risk varies depending on the location of the people. As a first step of developing smart navigation system for managing heat risk, we try to evaluate personal heat risk by combining ground surface temperature observed from an aircraft and people location acquired from mobile phones at the same time. G star statistic is used to detect high risk areas considering instantaneous co-occurrence of high temperature distribution and walking people density.
A New Approach to Teaching C++ Programming for Cartography Students by Means Training Programs with Emphasizing Cartography and Geodesy
Authors: Zablotskii Vladimir
Published: July 2019

Abstract. A new course of C++ programming for cartographers and surveyors has been developed. Pedagogical experiments were carried out in the period of 2009–2019 in Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography. The new course focuses on the use of cartographic tasks and geodetic exercises to illustrate various programming language constructions. Direct and inverse geodetic problem, position determination via a topographic map, work with a theodolite when performing angular measurements, leveling, etc. are considered in training modules. Programs are used as supporting data during the lectures, and as tasks for practical. This is the main purpose of the training. Currently, more than fifty training programs are used in the training process. All programs contain no more than 60 lines of code to ease the understanding of the program by students. The examples the typical training programs for students studying the C++ are discussed. The first program Theodolite is designed to study the concept of class, constructor, destructor, and object-oriented programming in general. The second program focuses to solve the inverse of the geodetic task.
Statistical Atlas of Poland and statistical atlases of voivodships
Authors: Zych Maciej , Medolińska Katarzyna
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In 2018, 100 years had passed since the Central Statistical Office of Poland (since 2017: Statistics Poland – GUS) was established. This anniversary was considered an opportunity for preparation of a series of cartographic publications, i.e. 16 statistical atlases of Polish voivodships (first order administrative units) and the Statistical atlas of Poland. Publication of such a series of atlases is a new undertaking in the history of Polish statistics – it involved both the employees of the head office of Statistics Poland in Warsaw and the staff of statistical offices in 16 voivodships. Statistical atlases of voivodships and the Statistical atlas of Poland count 1888 pages in total with 2934 maps, on which the development of the country is presented in relation to regional and local conditions. All atlases are bilingual, Polish-English.
Landslide hazard zonation assessment using GIS analysis at the coastal area of Safi (Morocco)
Authors: El Bchari Fatima , Theilen-Willige Barbara , Ait Malek Halima
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Landslide hazard is one of the major environmental hazards in the coastal area. For helping the planners in selection of suitable locations to implement development projects, a landslide hazard zonation map has been produced for the coastal area of Safi (Morocco) as part of coastal Meseta. For this purpose, after preparation of a landslide inventory of the study area, some major parameters were examined for integrated analysis of landslide hazard in the region. The analyses of parameters were done by geo-referencing and lateral model making, satellite imaging of the study area, and spatial analyses by using geographical information system (GIS). The produced factor maps were weighted with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and then classified. The study area was classified into four classes of relative landslide hazards: negligible, low, moderate, and high. The final produced map for landslide hazard zonation in coastal area revealed that: the parameters of slope, geologic formation and fracturation have strong correlation and predict 75% of existing instabilities.
Ancient Anatolian Grids
Authors: Eren Şirin Gülcen
Published: July 2019

Abstract. For as long as humans have existed, they have created specific legal structures and technical means of representation in order to situate themselves within the geographical space where they live, to find the right direction, to measure time and distance, to define property and to calculate gradients. With the progress of civilisation, maps came to be used as an instrument for controlling society, siting architectural structures, establishing towns and determining trade axes and property rights. As social structures and the needs and relationships embedded in them changed, and technical and technological methods became more advanced, cartography developed too, and the uses of maps increased. From their earliest discovery, the basic characteristics of maps were grids, isohypses (contours) and physical data. The geography and settlements of Anatolia provide some clues as to the types of grid that were used in ancient times. There are invisible grids compatible with Euclidean geometry. These can only be detected from the clues given by the settlement locations. These grids, which have determined the locations of settlements, the pattern of roads, the geostamps® and the division of the land in Anatolia, are an unknown aspect of the ancient era. In response to the obscurity of the topic, this paper sets out to make a preliminary appraisal of the grids of the ancient era. With the aid of a multi-disciplinary approach, an inter-disciplinary methodology and the Google Earth software, it outlines some of the types of grid that it has been possible to identify from analyses and drawings of the geography of Anatolia, together with their measures and origins. The paper aims to make a contribution to the disciplines of cartography and spatial planning by presenting the invisible grids of the Anatolia.
GIS Maps as Powerful Curriculum Artefacts
Authors: Fargher Mary
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Maps have always been central to high quality geography education. Recent developments in web GIS have opened up new potential for teachers using GIS maps as powerful curriculum artefacts. Curriculum artefacts are resources that have signature meaning for teaching and learning. This paper argues that the use of GIS maps as curriculum artefacts can significantly enhance geography teaching and learning in schools. To illustrate this line of argument, a GIS curriculum artefact constructed in ESRI ArcGIS Online is critically evaluated using Maude’s typology of powerful geography knowledge as an analytical framework. The analysis identifies a number of educational benefits of using GIS maps as curriculum artefacts in school geography via a GeoCapabilities approach. The paper concludes with recommendations for the future geography curriculum development with GIS map artefacts in schools.
Spatial Analysis to Identify Factors Affecting Residential Land Prices in Disaster Areas
Authors: Inagaki Keiko , Sadohara Satoru
Published: July 2019

Abstract. On March 11, 2011, a catastrophic earthquake struck Japan’s Tohoku area, which faces the Pacific Ocean. In this study, a multivariate spatial analysis was conducted to analyse the factors affecting residential land prices in the disaster-stricken area using the Hedonic Price Method. For the analysis, we first, collected spatial data, including land price maps, tsunami damage area map, flood hazard map, landslide hazard map, railway map, zoning map, and public building map of Miyagi prefecture. Second, we examined the extent to which the damage caused by the tsunami inundation can influence land prices, in order to clarify the relationship between natural disasters and land price fluctuations. The results of the multivariate analysis concluded that the tsunami inundation affected the price of land, particularly after the Great East Japan Earthquake (2011) in Miyagi prefecture. Furthermore, the degree of the tsunami inundation and the distance from public housing constructed after the disaster influenced land price fluctuations after the earthquake. In other words, the human settlements have been affected by disaster damage and reconstruction plan. Present studies have demonstrated the residents’ attitudes towards housing location choices before and after the earthquake disaster. By improving the precision of the multiple regression analysis in the future, we will be able to utilize the experiences of previous disasters as lessons learnt for safety and sustainability, particularly Sustainable Development Goal 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.
Reaffirmation of J. Bertin's Ordinal Matrix for business strategy decision – taking apart of visualized data on map and reconstruction by the Ordinal Matrix
Authors: Ishida Keiichi
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Visualization of statistical data is used for a good communication among involved personals. Taking an example of question on earthquake, it is important to review information where it will be occurred and how strong intensity is. Cartogram types of maps allow to easily see such information at a glance for everyone.In case of insurance companies who develop their business worldwide, the map let them understand where we see earthquake risks without knowing local location information. This means that a European underwriter can review it even if this personal do not know Japanese earthquake risk at all, for example. So, the map is one of fundamental tools to assess where the company shall take insurance risks more or do not take it. In other word, where they efficiently do marketing to provide insurance? For marketing strategy, it is needed to see and to analyse several issues at once, i.e., how much exposures they are retaining within their portfolio, how much loss they will pay in future and how many expected clients they will have. Analysis for each aspect can be done by using a map to visualize relevant data. This is known as statistical map.However, a simultaneous observation of different maps is not easy to see and understand how each aspect of alanysis should be considered with others. Now, this paper aim to show a capability of Jacques Bertin’s Ordinal Matrix. So, information on maps is taken and integrated by Bertin’s Matrix to analyse all information at once. And we will see how the Matrix lead us to make a decision for future strategy.
Depiction of Line Features on Folded Maps on Example of Old Maps of the Vltava River
Authors: Janata Tomas , Krejci Jiri
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Under an ongoing research project being concerned with the Vltava river in Czech Republic, it is being dealt with various aspects of the riverine landscape, considering the significant changes that have taken place in its history and also the fact that the Vltava represents the most important and longest Czech river. This paper aims to introduce a narrow part of the ongoing research – selected old multi-sheet map works connected with the river and outline the process of utilizing similar cartographic works within greater projects processing geospatial data. These maps represent predecessors of general (‘military’) surveys of the whole Czech Lands and pose a great representative of hand-written large-scale maps created without any known geometric network and may be appropriately compared with the First Military Survey maps also lacking geometric network but bringing a great amount of topographic content.
Enriching complex road intersections from OSM with traffic-related behavioral information
Authors: Keler Andreas , Grigoropoulos Georgios , Mussack Dominik
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Bicycle traffic in urban environments has various complex aspects in relation to the used space and the assigned transport infrastructures, especially in urban environments. Depending on the traffic situations, the built static urban infrastructure design, and, the other traffic participants involved, there are more or less challenging possibilities of its representation. Modelling and simulating urban bicycle traffic should include the interactions to other traffic participants, and, of course, behavioral aspects within each ride. Therefore, we introduce a method for enriching road features from OSM with traffic-related behavioural information. We focus on road intersections, since those are the locations with the highest number of interactions, communications, and, accidents. Our aim is to extend microscopic traffic flow simulations for achieving higher accuracies in simulation results and for applying bicycle movement models that are more adapted to reality. As an example we present a behavioral catalogue for cyclists, focussing on urban roundabouts, which results from real video observations and subsequent classifications.We classify into typical, frequently occurring and unusual bicycle maneuvers, and, include those into a specification procedure when enriching various OSM features.
Geographic Information and Geo-visualisation in support of Disaster Resilience
Authors: Kurwakumire Edward , Muchechetere Paul , Kuzhazha Shelter , Ikokou Guy Blachard
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Society continues to become more spatially enabled as spatial data becomes increasingly available and accessible. This is partly due to democratisation of data achieved through open access of framework data sets. On the other hand, mobile devices such as smartphones have become more accessible, giving the public access to applications that use spatial data. This has tremendously increased the consumption of spatial data at the level of the general public. Spatial data has a history in planning and decision making as detailed in literature on promises and benefits of geographic information. We extend these promises to sustainability and disaster resilience. It is our belief that geographic information (GI) and geographic information infrastructures (GIIs) contribute positively towards the achievement of sustainability in cities and nations and in disaster resilience. This study carries out a review of geo-visualisation and GI applications in order to determine their suitability and impact in disaster resilience. Real-time GI are significant for cities to ensure sustainability and to increase disaster preparedness. Geographic information infrastructures need to be integrated with BIG data systems to ensure that local government agencies have timely access to real time geographic information so that decisions on sustainability and disaster resilience can be effectively done.
Automatic Geological Map Generalization for special geobody – A Case Study on Dyke
Authors: Li Wenjing , Li Siyi , Jia Hongguo
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Dykes are always closely coexisting with ore veins in deposit, they are of great significance in the revelation of regional geology evolution, prosperity of ore prospecting. This paper presents a method for the generalization of dykes as part of automated geological map generalization progress. Based on the principle of good continuation, dykes were amalgamated preliminarily. Then the reserve quota was calculated on the basis of radical law for the editing of dykes. Finally, the outer shape and internal construction of dykes were simplified. The experiment results show that the generalization method can avoid discontinuity as a prerequisite to retaining formation lithology and characteristics of geological structure. This method offers a new perspective for dealing with exceptional geographic elements while generalizing a geologic map.
Miura-ori, Basics for Designing its Folding Machines
Authors: Miura Koryo
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The unique property of the Miura-ori map is due to the geometric property of “the single degree of freedom”. With this, one can open a map with a single pull motion. However, due to this property, the high-speed folding machine is difficult to realized. In this presentation, author investigates the natural geometric properties of Miura-ori in detail and proposes a basic concept for designing its folding machine. Though, the result does not provide a draft of a folding machine, the basics for the design parameters is beneficial for future works.
User Preferences for Bus Map Design: Evidence from a Map Usability Study
Authors: Mohd Said Mohd Shahmy , Forrest David
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This study represents the final stage of an investigation into understanding the variation in bus map design and the impact of map design preferences in public transportation information portrayal, with a particular focus on Malaysia. In many cities, bus services represent an important facet of easing traffic congestion and reducing pollution. However, with the entrenched car culture in many countries, persuading people to change their mode of transport is a major challenge. To promote this modal shift, people need to know what services are available and where (and when) they go. Bus service maps provide an invaluable element of providing suitable public transport information, but are often overlooked by transport planners, and are under-researched by cartographers. There are various approaches to the design of bus maps, but it is always an issue for the authorities to understand which designs are preferred by the public and which perform best in conveying the required information. A total of 100 Malaysians completed six journey-planning tasks using two network bus maps, which were different in designs. The two bus map designs involved in this study are based on previous map analysis research.The study found that majority of respondents were competent as they successfully completed the journey planning task, with more than 80 percent of the tasks being answered correctly. Additional enquiries proved that the effective design used in a bus map can attract more users to use public transportation, thus provide evidence that map availability can play a part in enhancing public transport ridership.
Mapping Gentrification in Little Tokyo, Los Angeles: Using Geographic Information System (GIS) Analytical Tools
Authors: Nakashima Saki
Published: July 2019

Abstract. From the time when its roots traced back all the way back in 1886, Little Tokyo has overcome numerous obstacles including the Great Depression, Japanese American internments in the Second World War, racial discrimination, transition into Bronxville, multinational redevelopment projects, and the demographic/ geographic dispersion of the Nikkei communities. Despite these numerous development, Little Tokyo remains the major historical, cultural, and civic center for Japanese Americans living in Southern California and has continued to be a historically and a culturally symbolic space for many. This research strives to identify the trends of gentrification in the study area; Little Tokyo, through indicators or variables in 5 domains: (A) Housing, (B) Demography, (C) Income, (D) Education Level, and (E) Public Safety with the central focus on housing. To analyze the occurrence of these elements between the year 1990 and 2013, quantitative research including GIS groundworks were delivered. This research is aimed at becoming a tool to measure and potentially assist communities to make more robust development intervention and implementation by identifying the trends that emerge socio-economic problems like gentrification facing local communities around the world.
Data assimilation as a learning tool to infer ordinary differential equation representations of dynamical models
Authors: Bocquet Marc , Brajard Julien , Carrassi Alberto , Bertino Laurent
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Recent progress in machine learning has shown how to forecast and, to some extent, learn the dynamics of a model from its output, resorting in particular to neural networks and deep learning techniques. We will show how the same goal can be directly achieved using data assimilation techniques without leveraging on machine learning software libraries, with a view to high-dimensional models. The dynamics of a model are learned from its observation and an ordinary differential equation (ODE) representation of this model is inferred using a recursive nonlinear regression. Because the method is embedded in a Bayesian data assimilation framework, it can learn from partial and noisy observations of a state trajectory of the physical model. Moreover, a space-wise local representation of the ODE system is introduced and is key to coping with high-dimensional models. It has recently been suggested that neural network architectures could be interpreted as dynamical systems. Reciprocally, we show that our ODE representations are reminiscent of deep learning architectures. Furthermore, numerical analysis considerations of stability shed light on the assets and limitations of the method. The method is illustrated on several chaotic discrete and continuous models of various dimensions, with or without noisy observations, with the goal of identifying or improving the model dynamics, building a surrogate or reduced model, or producing forecasts solely from observations of the physical model.
Política en las redes, redes en la política: estudios de caso de la campaña #VivirSinMiedo
Authors: Escuder Rodríguez Santiago
Published: July 2019

Esta investigación se propuso explorar la campaña de reforma constitucional “Vivir Sin Miedo” como estudio de caso sobre el uso de las redes sociales electrónicas a nivel político en Uruguay. La reforma considera entre otros puntos la creación de una guardia militar y la “cadena perpetua revisable”. El objetivo del trabajo es mostrar cómo los diferentes actores nucleados en torno a la temática captan y se apropian del espacio virtual. Conocer la forma topológica de estas redes y vislumbrar si estas logran despolitizar el tema e impactar en la difusión de su mensaje hacia nuevos adherentes de todos los partidos políticos. O por el contrario, representan una red compacta de actores dentro de un mismo espectro ideológico, que comparten una misma preocupación sin ir más allá de sus preferencias partidarias. Para ello, se colectaron un conjunto de tweets y retweets en torno al hashtag #VivirSinMiedo” para su posterior procesamiento y análisis en grafos. Entre los principales hallazgos se destacan la existencia de una red compacta descentralizada en tres grandes sub-redes, las cuales están conformadas básicamente por los propulsores de la campaña por un lado (núcleo duro de actores políticos vinculados a la reforma). Un cinturón de adherentes partidarios. Y otro cinturón de adherentes no partidarios, con lazos débiles hacia los actores políticos. Pese a existir “brokers” y replicadores de información independientes (periodistas), la red #VivirSinMiedo no hace más que difundir la campaña entre “iguales” (nodos que comparten preferencias políticas), siendo su capacidad de expansión hacia nuevos adherentes muy restringida.
The Role of CAPM and Oil Prices to Analyze the Firm’s Stock Return
Authors: Khalid Muqaddas , Khan Kaleem , Saleem Hina
Published: July 2019

This paper attempts to analyze the applicability of CAPM and the effect of oil prices on firm’s stock in case of Pakistan. To examine this research objective, we use the yearly data of 148 listed firms over the period of 2006 to 2015. We employ three different estimation techniques, panel correlated standard error estimation (PCSE), Driscoll and Kraay (DK) estimation and common correlated effects pooled (CCEP), to analyze the relationship between oil variables and firm’s stock return. Moreover, we further estimate the variables by using robust estimation techniques to validate the empirical results. The estimations report the inapplicable of market premium in case of Pakistani firms. However, the oil price and lagged oil prices provides the evidence of negative and statistically significance in textile, sugar, cement, chemical and engineering sectors. On contrary, the oil prices and lagged oil prices have positive and significant impact on stock return in transportation and energy sectors. In conclusion, it is difficult to escape the conclusion that oil price have higher influence on stock returns as compared to the market premium and nearly all the manufacturing sectors are inversely affected by the oil price rise.
Geology of the Abitibi Greenstone Belt
Authors: Monecke Thomas , Mercier-Langevin Patrick , Dubé Benoît , Frieman Ben M.
Published: July 2019

The Abitibi greenstone belt, which straddles the border between Ontario and Quebec in eastern Canada, represents one of the largest and best-preserved Neoarchean greenstone belts in the world. The belt consists of E-trending successions of folded volcanic and sedimentary rocks and intervening domes of intrusive rocks. Submarine volcanism occurred between 2795 and 2695 Ma. Six volcanic assemblages have been defined, recording submarine volcanism during specific periods of time. Komatiite successions within some of these volcanic assemblages are host to magmatic sulfide deposits. However, economically more important are volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, which contain a total of ~775 million tonnes (t) of polymetallic massive sulfides. Approximately half of the endowment is hosted by volcanic rocks of the 2704 to 2695 Ma Blake River assemblage. VMS deposits of this assemblage also account for most of the synvolcanic gold in the Abitibi greenstone belt, totaling over 1,100 t (~35 Moz).

Submarine volcanism was followed by the deposition of large amounts of sedimentary material derived from a shallow marine or subaerial hinterland, created as a result of crustal thickening during an early phase of mountain building at ≤2690 to ≤2685 Ma. Submarine volcanic rocks and the overlying flysch-like sedimentary rocks of the Porcupine assemblage were affected by large-scale folding and thrusting during at least one deformational event prior to 2679 Ma. At this time, a terrestrial unconformity surface developed between the older and already deformed rocks of the Abitibi greenstone belt and molasse-like sedimentary rocks of the Timiskaming assemblage, which were deposited between ≤2679 and ≤2669 Ma. Deposition of the Timiskaming sedimentary rocks occurred in extensional basins and was locally accompanied by predominantly alkaline volcanism and related intrusive activity.

Crustal shortening and thick-skinned deformation resulted in the structural burial of the molasse-like sedimentary rocks of the Timiskaming assemblage after 2669 Ma. Panels of Timiskaming deposits were preserved in the footwall of these thrusts, which are today represented by major fault zones cutting across the supracrustal rocks of the Abitibi greenstone belt. The structural history of these fault zones is complicated by late-stage strike-slip deformation. The Porcupine-Destor and Larder Lake-Cadillac fault zones of the southern Abitibi greenstone belt as well as second- and third-order splays off these fault zones are host to a number of major orogenic gold deposits. The gold endowment of these deposits exceeds 6,200 t (~200 Moz), making the Abitibi greenstone belt one of the economically most important metamorphic terranes in the world.
Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposits of the Noranda Camp
Authors: Monecke Thomas , Gibson Harold L. , Goutier Jean
Published: July 2019

The Noranda camp in the southern Abitibi greenstone belt comprises over 20 volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits hosted by volcanic rocks of the 2704–2695 Ma Blake River Group. Decades of research and exploration have provided a firm understanding of the characteristics of these deposits as well as the geological controls on deposit location. Observations made on the deposits of the Noranda camp significantly contributed to the syngenetic model of massive sulfide formation and shaped the current understanding of ancient and modern sea-floor hydrothermal systems.

The Horne and Quemont deposits, which are the largest deposits in the Noranda camp, are hosted by 2702 Ma felsic volcanic successions dominated by volcaniclastic rocks. The massive sulfide ores of these deposits largely formed through processes of subseafloor infiltration and replacement of the highly permeable wall rocks. Laterally extensive hydrothermal alteration halos dominated by chlorite and sericite surround the replacement ores. The Horne deposit formed in an extensional setting in a graben bounded by synvolcanic faults. Rapid extension accompanying deposit formation resulted in the upwelling of mantle-derived mafic melts and the emplacement of a thick package of mafic rocks in the stratigraphic hanging wall of the deposit.

Most of the massive sulfide deposits in the Noranda camp are hosted by a 2700–2698 Ma bimodal volcanic succession that formed in a large volcanic subsidence structure to the north. The ~2,000-m-thick lava flow-dominated volcanic package is floored by the large, multiphase, synvolcanic Flavrian pluton. The deposits in this part of the Noranda camp are small (<5 million tonnes) and primarily formed as sulfide mounds on the ancient sea floor. Synvolcanic structures provided cross-stratal permeability for the hydrothermal fluids and controlled the location of volcanic vents. Thin tuffaceous units mark the sea-floor positions hosting the massive sulfide mounds within the flow-dominated volcanic succession. The concordant massive sulfide lenses overlie discordant alteration pipes composed of chlorite- and sericite-altered rocks. Contact metamorphism associated with the emplacement of the ~2690 Ma Lac Dufault pluton converted the hydrothermal alteration pipes into cordierite-anthophyllite assemblages.

Recent brownfields exploration successes have demonstrated that massive sulfide discoveries are still possible in one of Canada’s most mature mining camp through three-dimensional geological modeling performed at the camp scale. Geologic target generation through computer modeling has reversed the general trend of progressively deeper exploration with time in the Noranda camp. Deep exploration currently focuses on the reevaluation of a previously uneconomic low-grade ore zone at the Horne deposit.
The Most Used Forms and Methods of Citizens Involvement in Terrorist and Extremist Activity
Authors: A. Danekenova , G. Zhussupova , R. Nurmagambetov , S. Shunayeva , V. Popov
Published: July 2019

The article analyzes development features of terrorist and extremist activity in the world, as well as in the Republic of Kazakhstan in particular. Authors focus on problems, which have arisen in connection with the emergence of terrorist and extremist activity, and also on the ways of it decision. The article raises one of the large international terrorist organizations – “DAESH”, which recruited people from around the world. Authors completely open methods of propaganda and recruitment of people of this organization. The special importance in prevention is allocated for public authorities, realizing confessional policy.
Medezeggenschap ten aanzien van benoeming, beloning en ontslag van bestuurders: veel bevoegdheden, weinig invloed
Authors: Zaal I.
Published: July 2019

Medezeggenschap ten aanzien van benoeming, beloning en ontslag van bestuurders: veel bevoegdheden, weinig invloed

Vanwege maatschappelijke onrust is de positie van de OR ten aanzien van beloning, benoeming en ontslag van bestuurders sinds 2000 aanzienlijk uitgebreid. De OR heeft informatierechten, standpuntbepalingsrechten en een adviesrecht zonder beroep. Recent is daar een overlegrecht over de beloningsverhoudingen bij gekomen. In deze bijdrage bespreekt de auteur deze bevoegdheden en vergelijkt ze deze met elkaar. Leiden al die bevoegdheden daadwerkelijk tot meer invloed van de OR op de beloning, benoeming en het ontslag van bestuurders?
Metatexto e interepisteme: democratizando el conocimiento
Authors: Valero Silvia
Published: July 2019

Este artículo analiza, desde la novela A medianoche llegan los muertos (1998), de Eliseo Altunaga, el cambio en el “orden gnoseológico” al que apunta parte de la literatura afrocubana de fines de siglo XX. En tal sentido, se buscará mostrar que, más allá de evidenciar un proceso de interculturalidad, Altunaga ha redefinido/reinventado la memoria cultural proponiendo alternativas al pensamiento único occidental.
Reseña: "Los cárteles no existen. Narcotráfico y cultura en México" de Oswaldo Zavala
Authors: Ricárdez Frías Rosana Carmita
Published: July 2019

Reseña: Los cárteles no existen. Narcotráfico y cultura en México (2018) de Oswaldo Zavala
Fabulaciones. La astucia de los mitos
Authors: Campra Rosalba
Published: July 2019

El texto es un testimonio del itinerario de la autora a partir de su descubrimiento en la infancia de los mitos clásicos, que coincide con el descubrimiento de los distintos niveles de la lengua, y prosigue con el acercamiento al mundo mítico prehispánico. La realidad de los mitos y su persistencia en busca de nuevas voces se vuelve la materia de la propia escritura ficcional y de exploraciones en el campo de la imagen, experiencia aquí ilustrada a través de sus microrrelatos (tomados por lo general de R. Campra, Mínima Mitológica) y poemas (R. Campra, Moradas de los Mayores).
Mito, literatura y nación: el mito de Sikán y la construcción del mundo Abakuá en Alejo Carpentier y Lydia Cabrera
Authors: Sosa Cabanas Alberto
Published: July 2019

Las sociedades secretas abakuá han sido históricamente asociadas con el crimen y la delincuencia dentro del imaginario cubano. Una mirada atenta revela, en cambio, la necesidad de repensar la naturaleza de estas organizaciones de ayuda mutua basadas en un complejo universo mítico-religioso. El mito genesíaco de Sikán funciona como punto de apoyo de una cosmovisión única dentro del espectro de los cultos afrocubanos, entre los que se incluye el abakuá. El siguiente ensayo explora la incorporación de este mito y de la presencia abakuá en textos de Alejo Carpentier y Lydia Cabrera, y su relación con una hibridez genérica marcada por lo etnográfico y lo literario. Con este propósito, el presente ensayo se orienta hacia la búsqueda y deconstrucción de representaciones literarias de la presencia negra en Cuba y sus efectos en la configuración de las obras en cuestión.
Tiempo mexicano: Miguel Ángel Tenorio y la teatralización del imaginario mítico contemporáneo
Authors: Di Matteo Angela
Published: July 2019

Incorporada a su gramática dramatúrgica la perspectiva nacionalista de Rodolfo Usigli, Miguel Ángel Tenorio ha ido cuestionando, a lo largo de toda su producción, las figuras clásicas del imaginario mexicano para investigar una distinta representación del perfil histórico nacional. Con Travesía guadalupana(1996), que coloca en la actualidad contemporánea a los más poderosos personajes del pasado mitológico (Tonantzin, Coatlicue, Huitzilopochtli, Coyolxauhqui, Tezcatlipoca y Tlazoltéotl), Tenorio dibuja un viaje en las imágenes del estatuto ontológico de la memoria mítica y lleva al espectador al espacio circular de una superficie cronológica abierta, donde los distintos niveles temporales coinciden en un único supertiempo.
La reescritura poética de la historia inca en El enemigo y la mañana de Jorge Enrique Adoum
Authors: Gómez Soriano Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2019

Se plantea un acercamiento crítico a la reescritura poética de la historia llevada a cabo en El enemigo y la mañanade Jorge Enrique Adoum. Este poemario, el segundo de la serie agrupada bajo el título Los cuadernos de la Tierra, toma como materia poética la expansión del Imperio Incaico hasta los territorios del actual Ecuador. El autor plantea una recreación de los mitos, la religiosidad, las costumbres y la historia del Tahuantinsuyo, en una labor de recuperación histórica nacida de una necesidad identitaria. Claro ejemplo de la reflexión histórica llevada a cabo en los años 50 y 60 del siglo pasado, el poemario expresa la conexión del pasado con la actualidad, en una crítica contra todo imperialismo y abuso de poder, al tiempo que esboza un nuevo mito para ese tiempo nuevo: el del patriota que lucha por su territorio, un mito que tiene evidentes conexiones con la filosofía del hombre nuevo expresada por Ernesto Che Guevara.
PROBLEMY REALIZACYJNE GATUNKOWEJ OCHRONY GRZYBÓW W LASACH
Authors: Grzywacz Andrzej , Referowska- Chodak Ewa
Published: July 2019

The paper presents the implementation problems related to the species protection of fungi in forests broken into four basic groups: legal, practical, conceptual and organisational. The legal problems include the lack of the exact interpretation of the terms: “a small number of specimens” and “a negative impact on the preservation of the proper conservation status”, as well as the ensuing ineffective law enforcement issues. The lack of monitoring of fungi, insufficient use of nature protection areas for the conservation of fungi or the lack of conservation programmes for the endangered species are the examples of practical problems. Conceptual problems are related to the construction of the lists of protected fungi, while organisational problems include – inter alia insufficient number of specialists involved in the protection of fungi, lack of a specified responsibility for the fungus conservation actions, as well as limitations in the effective fungus protection in the absence of the current and complete data on their occurrence.
OCHRONA PRZYRODY W GRUZJI I AZERBEJDŻANIE
Authors: Beker Cezary , Rączka Grzegorz
Published: July 2019

The article presents the diversity of the natural environment of Transcaucasia, focusing on nature conservation issues, based on the authors' journeys as part of Erasmus + mobility, in Georgia and Azerbaijan as well as available information from literature and Internet sources.
PROBLEM RACJONALNEJ GOSPODARKI POPULACJĄ DZIKA W CELU OGRANICZENIA ROZPRZESTRZENIANIA SIĘ WIRUSA ASF
Authors: Pałubicki Jakub , Grajewski Jan , Twarużek Magdalena
Published: July 2019

African swine fever – (ASF) is a disease affecting both farm pigs as well as wild boars, characterised by very high mortality of the animals. Therefore, in the light of possible losses to the farmers, the problem seems of key importance. Options of the virus spread control, prevention and plausible management have been numerous, even controversial at times.
Farmers’ societies have tried to attribute the whole blame to wild boars and advocated the urge to depopulate the species, buy means of intensified, group hunt of the sows. Is this solutions truly reasonable, sensible and eco-friendly?
WPŁYW FRAGMENTACJI NA MEZOFAUNĘ GLEBOWĄ W EKOSYSTEMACH GÓRNEGO DNIESTRA
Authors: Czarnobaj Jurij , Jaworncka Olga
Published: July 2019

Fragments of forest ecosystems, secondary bushes and meadows within the borders of the alluvial valley of the upper Dniester river are located (the western region of Ukraine). The conservative nature of the pedobionts complexes allows us to form a sozology strategy for the renewal of the primary ecosystems, or the stabilization of secondary forest logging and meadows communities. The quantitative and qualitative indicators of the individual groups of soil mesofauna are estimated
EWOLUCJA POWIERZCHNI I RZĘDNEJ ZWIERCIADŁA WODY JEZIORA MIEDZNO
Authors: Miatkowski Zygmunt , Pepliński Paweł
Published: July 2019

The changes in area size and elevation of water surface of the Miedzno lake were studied in the paper. The study was carried out on the basis of the analysis of archival cartographic materials, technical documentations and published works. From the first half of the 19th century the Miedzno lake area was about 125 - 135 ha and the lake water level elevation approx. 85.0 m a.s.l. In the period from the mid-19th century to the 1990s the Miedzno lake water table elevation decreased to about 81.0 m a.s.l. and the lake surface area decreased to approx. 8-10 ha.
TURYSTYKA I REKREACJA LEŚNA NA TERENIE GMINY SEJNY W KONTEKŚCIE POTRZEB I OCZEKIWAŃ MIESZKAŃCÓW I TURYSTÓW
Authors: Zubowicz Grzegorz
Published: July 2019

The paper is devoted to a study on the current state of tourism and recreation in the village of Sejny. The results were created on the basis of a questionnaire, in which the residents of the village of Sejny and other people who visit the region for tourism and recreation purposes took part. Respondents were asked about the current state of forest infrastructure, the respondents assessed and if it is at a sufficient level. Thanks to the survey, information on the needs and visions of people in the field of tourism and forest recreation in the village of Sejny was obtained.