bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATING STIFFNESS PROPERTY MATCHING AND HOMOGENIZATION OF THE DOUBLE-DOUBLE FAMILY OF LAMINATES
Authors: HAWKINS AIDAN , MILLEN SCOTT L. J. , ARAVAND M. ALI
Published: November 2023

The investigation of stiffness property matching and homogenization of the Double-Double (DD) family of laminates is presented. DD laminates are a new layup design approach composed of repeated sub-laminates, comprising two sets of bi-angled plies, [±φ°, ±ψ°]r. The DD laminate approach simplifies the design of composite structures, reduces manufacturing complexity, and allows for rapid thickness tapering, presenting substantial prospects for reducing structural mass. An order-of-magnitude improvement in matching accuracy for both in-plane and bending stiffness properties was observed when extended DD sub-laminates, featuring additional 0°, 90° or ±φ° plies, were incorporated as options in the quad laminate matching process. Additionally, homogenization of laminates comprised of extended DD sub-laminates was examined, concluding that extended DD sub-laminates have no negative implications in terms of laminate homogenization if the correct sub-laminate permutation is selected.
DAMAGE INITIATION OF CONTINUOUS FIBER LAMINATED THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES
Authors: BUENROSTRO JAVIER , MILLER SANDI G. , RICKS TRENTON M. , PERIERA J. MICHAEL
Published: November 2023

The use of advanced thermoplastic composites (TPC) for structural applications in the aerospace and automotive industries has grown increasingly popular due to their high performance, high manufactured part output, and sustainability. Advanced manufacturing processes of thermoplastic composites allow for the building of complex optimized structural geometries with both continuous and discontinuous fibers. With more complex parts and processes comes the need for established qualification methodologies. Characterization of damage evolution from different manufacturing processes needs to be further explored to better understand the behavior of TPC for aerospace environments. Investigation into the differences in the damage behavior of continuous and discontinuous laminated TPC in tension and compression is important for aerospace applications where impact and crush damage is likely. Experiments using continuous fiber laminated IM7/PEKK TPC, [±45]4s specimens loaded in tension and [90/0]3s specimens loaded in compression, are performed to obtain stress vs strain curves with Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and acoustic emission (AE) transducers to monitor damage initiation and evolution. Next, interrupted low-cycle mechanical tests are performed on [±45]4s laminates with optical microscopy in between cycles to support characterization and understanding of the relevant damage mechanisms needed for material models. The damage mechanisms in laminated composites are of interest to better understand the effects of different fiber architectures on the laminate scale behavior, which can be used to calibrate continuum damage mechanics models.
RECONSTRUCTION OF A SIC-SIC CMC MICROSTRUCTURE USING DEEP LEARNING AND ADVANCED IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUE
Authors: KALEEL IBRAHIM , RAUSCHER SOPHIE-MARIA , RAINA ARUN
Published: November 2023

The paper presents a workflow for the reconstruction of a SiC-SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC) microstructure using advanced image processing techniques and deep learning. The objective of this research is to develop highly accurate physics-based computational models for CMCs by gaining a comprehensive understanding of the microstructural features and their impact on material properties. A workflow is presented to classify voxels into individual components and extract stochastic data for establishing microstructure-property correlations. X-ray computed tomography (CT) data of the SiC/SiC CMC with a plain weave architecture and 00/900 fiber orientation are reconstructed using advanced image processing techniques. The resulting CT data is successfully segmented into three material constituents: tows, matrix, and pores. Pore segmentation is accomplished using the Otsu segmentation algorithm, while a deep learning-based U-net model is employed for accurate segmentation between SiC tows and the SiC matrix. Furthermore, an anisotropic segmentation algorithm is utilized to classify tow voxels along different directions, capturing the intricate variations within the microstructure. Geometrical and morphological attributes are extracted from the segmented data for further analysis.
Polskie frazeologizmy pochodne od biblijnej frazy Łatwiej wielbłądowi przejść przez ucho igielne niż bogaczowi wejść do królestwa niebieskiego
Authors: Ignatowicz-Skowrońska Jolanta
Published: November 2023

POLISH PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS DERIVED FROM THE BIBLICAL PHRASE ‘ŁATWIEJ WIELBŁĄDOWI PRZEJŚĆ PRZEZ UCHO IGIELNE NIŻ BOGACZOWI WEJŚĆ DO KRÓLESTWA NIEBIESKIEGO’
The subject of the article are Polish phraseological units which derive from the biblical quotation Łatwiej wielbłądowi przejść przez ucho igielne niż bogaczowi wejść do królestwa niebieskiego (‘It iseasier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God’). The IT assisted research which is based on citations found in 4464 contextual records from 1693–2022 showed that the above quotation first appeared in the Polish language in the middle of the 16th century, and that by the end of the 17th century it was used in non-Biblical texts either as a quotation or a free paraphrase. Phraseological units which derive from it can be found in various texts as late as in the middle of the 19th century. The earliest are the comparative structures in the form of syntactically dependent expressions, or phrases which connote a sentence or a clause such as: (jest, było) łatwiej (łacniej) wielbłądowi (słoniowi) przejść (przeleźć, przekraść się, przecisnąć się, przedostać się) przez ucho igielne (igielne ucho) niż (aniżeli) [do something for someone, achieve something, accomplish something]; Łatwiej (prędzej) wielbłąd (słoń) przejdzie (przedostanie się, przeciśnie się, prześlizgnie się) przez ucho igielne niż (aniżeli) [someone does something, someone achieves something]. Later, the expression kto, co przejdzie – przechodzi, przecisnął się, przecisnęło się – przeciska się, etc., przez ucho igielne (igielne ucho) (+what) has got stabilized. First it meant that ‘someone or something fulfilled severe conditions, met demanding requirements, endured a rigorous test’. In the course of time a new meaning was added: ‘someone or something overcame obstacles or difficulties’; today the phrase isused in various texts as a polysemantic unit. The expression ucho igielne (+what) was the last one to beisolated – nowadays, its usage has two meanings: 1. ‘a tiny place, narrow passage, tight gate, pass’ and 2. ‘careful selection, checkpoint, requirements or conditions imposed upon someone or something’.
O labializacji w języku polskim
Authors: Dunaj Bogusław , Mycawka Mirosława
Published: November 2023

ON THE LABIALIZATION IN POLISH LANGUAGE
The authors of the article attempted to answer several questions about the phenomenon of labialization: 1) What are the reasons for its absence in the Polish literary language?; 2) The time of the emergence of labialization; 3) Since when such pronunciation began to be treated as dialectal?; 4) What was the everyday pronunciation of writers at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries? As for the first question, the authors are inclined to the thesis that the primary factor in the absence of labialization in the literary language was the influence of the Mazovian dialect, and an additional factor was the influence of Latin pronunciation. Labialization in southwestern dialects is an old phenomenon, having arisen at least in the 14th, and perhaps even as early as in the 12th century. Such pronunciation began to be treated as dialectal perhaps as early as the second half of the 16th century. The answer to the fourth question is that the writers of the second half of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century did not use dialects in their daily interactions although their language undoubtedly contained some regional elements that were more numerous than today.
Nazwa „mowa chachłacka” w relacjach powojennych przesiedleńców ze Wschodu zamieszkałych w zachodniej Polsce
Authors: Czarnecka Katarzyna , Dzięgiel Ewa , Kravchuk Alla
Published: November 2023

THE NAME MOWA CHACHŁACKA (KHAKHOL LANGUAGE) IN ACCOUNTS FROM DISPLACED POST-WAR MIGRANTS FROM THE EAST TO WESTERN POLAND
This paper concerns the usage of the linguonym mowa chachłacka (Khakhol language) in Galicia, Podolia and Volhynia during the first half of the 20th Century. Therefore, it can be considered in the realm of historical sociolinguistics.The source material is comprised of interviews, recorded 1992–2006, with over 100 forced migrants from eastern voivodeships of the interwar Second Polish Republic. After World War 2, the respondents were resettled from their home towns into the new borders of post-war Poland, areas which belonged to Germany until 1945. The research method chosen was partially standardized interviews, which were first recorded and then written down.The paper is focused around the following issues: 1) which linguistic variety was referred to as mowa chachłacka in the interwar period within the researched communities, 2) whether this name contained a value judgement, 3) what was the prestige of mowa chachłacka in these communities. The first chapter of the paper concerns the history of the Russian lexeme хохол/хaхол, which forms the basis of the linguonym mowa chachłacka, and which has been used since the 17th Century to refer to Ukrainians. The article takes into account ideas concerning researching social attitudes to a language, such as standard language ideology and monoglossic ideology.
Gwarowe nazwy roślin derywowane semantycznie od nazw chorób
Authors: Buława Monika
Published: November 2023

DIALECT PLANT NAMES SEMANTICALLY DERIVED FROM NAMES OF DISEASES
It is possible to distinguish three groups among dialect phytonyms derived from names of diseases:1) names which originated from names of diseases due to the process of neosemantisation, 2) names morphologically derived from names of diseases, 3) collocations a) with the name of the disease, b) with an adjective derived from the name of the disease. In the article phytonyms from the first group have been analyzed and the focus is on determining their semantic motivations and thusdepicting the factors which underlie the nomination processes that led to their appearance. In the most typical situation neosemantisation is motivated by the purpose i.e. for the treatment of which disease or ailment the plant was used for. Other motivational hypotheses are primarily connected with the look of the plant or its specific part which may resemble a disease symptom (as it is in the case of kołtun and similar names) or trigger more indirect associations with diseases (like in the case of names of the kind ślepota and kurza ślepota).
Materiały do Słownika historyczno-geograficznego Tatr i Podtatrza Witolda Henryka Paryskiego
Authors: Jurczyńska-Kłosok Agnieszka
Published: November 2023

MATERIALS FOR THE HISTORICAL-GEOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF THE TATRA MOUNTAINS AND PODTATRZE REGION BY WITOLD HENRYK PARYSKI
The nomenclature of the Tatra and Podtatrze Mountains has for over a hundred years been of interest not only to linguists and historians but also to people working on this subject as a hobby. An example of such a person was Witold Henryk Paryski – the author of important studies mainly on Tatra subjects, who collected material for the Historic-Geographical Dictionary of the Tatra Mountains and the Podtatrze. However, the work was not completed and remained in the form of notes collected in a total of 150 binders and folders, which, after the deaths of Paryski and his wife, Zofia, together with other materials, were deposited in the Zofia Radwańska-Paryska and Witold Henryk Paryski Tatra Documentation Centre, a unit functioning within the structures of the Tatra National Park in Zakopane. The aim of this article is to provide a general characterization of this part of the collection, which was to become the basis for the publication of the aforementioned dictionary. The presentation of the archival material is the result of a search conducted by the author in 2022 in the ODT TPN in Zakopane and financed with funds from Program Excellence Initiative at the Jagiellonian University.
Techniques for the restorative management of localized and generalized tooth wear
Authors: Milosevic Alex
Published: November 2023

This narrative review describes techniques and materials available to restore the worn dentition. Emphasis is given to application of composite resin as this material can be bonded to worn surfaces and is easily adjusted either within an existing or at an increased vertical dimension. The relevance of the differences in the composition of glass ceramics and polycrystalline ceramics for restoration in various wear scenarios are discussed. Removable dentures are still appropriate in certain circumstances, but require an understanding of their limitations.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Young and old patients with a range of aetiologies and presentations expect dentists to know how best to restore their disordered, worn dentition.
Tooth wear in children: prevalence, presentation and prevention
Authors: O'Sullivan Elizabeth
Published: November 2023

Tooth wear in children is a multifactorial process that can be due to either physiological or pathological processes. The most frequent type of tooth wear in children is erosion, and its contribution to overall tooth wear is explained. The prevalence, aetiology, presentation and management of tooth wear, especially erosion, are discussed in this article, with practical clinical advice for the treating clinician and families. The challenges to giving practical preventive advice, and the complexities involved in overcoming dietary and lifestyle changes in an environment of powerful advertising, peer pressure and social media influencers are discussed in detail.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Erosive tooth wear is common in children, so understanding the aetiology and giving families practical and relevant preventive advice is important.
Using diagnostics in supporting sustainable worm control in horses
Authors: Matthews Jacqueline B. , Austin Corrine J.
Published: November 2023

Anthelmintic resistance in horses is an ongoing problem. Changes in methods of worming – from group worming to testing individual horses and worming appropriately – are important to help prevent any further resistance developing. There are various methods to test for worm burdens in horses, including faecal egg counts, blood tests and saliva tests. This article discusses these methods in relation to specific species of gastrointestinal parasites, in addition to how pasture management can be used to help maintain low levels of resistance.
Band structure optimization of superconducting photonic crystals based on transmission spectrum calculation
Authors: Liu Gang , Lu Shuzhen , Gao Yongpan , Wang Fei , Jia Baonan , Guan Xiaoning , Han Li Hong , Lu Pengfei , Song Haizhi
Published: November 2023

The design of photonic crystals using novel materials is of great significance for the construction of high-performance, next-generation photonic crystal devices. We propose a universal Band structure-Transmission optimization-Band structure method based on moving asymptotic (MMA) method, which can be widely applied to photonic crystal structures. In this paper, we use the method to optimize the band structure of high temperature superconducting photonic crystal, and obtain a wider photonic bandgap and better band flatness in a specific frequency band. This method avoids the disadvantages of traditional scanning methods such as low efficiency and high resource consumption, allows multi-parameter optimization, and improves the accuracy and effectiveness of band modulation based on the iterative process of numerical calculation. The study provides some insights for the design of novel wide-bandgap optical devices.
Demonstration of 120 Gbit/s turbulence-resilient coherent optical communication employing cylindrical vector beam multiplexing
Authors: Yu Yong , Xu Mingfeng , Pu Mingbo , Ding Jiazheng , Chen Shuangcheng , Zhang Yiqun , Zhou Mengjie , Guo Yinghui , Li Xiong , Ma Xiaoliang , Luo Xiangang
Published: November 2023

Free space optical (FSO) communication has gained widespread attention due to its advantages, including high confidentiality, high communication capacity, and no limitation of spectrum. One of the great challenges in FSO communication is the transmission performance degradation in atmospheric turbulence channel due to wavefront distortion and scintillation. Here, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a 120 Gbit/s vector beam multiplexed coherent optical communication system with turbulence-resilient capacity. Four multiplexed vector beams, each carrying a 30 Gbit/s quadrature phase-shift keying signal, propagate through different turbulence conditions. The influence of turbulence channel on the vector beam impairments is experimentally investigated. Under the weaker turbulence conditions, the system bit error rates are below the forward error correction threshold of 3.8 × 10−3. In comparison with the Gaussian mode, the communication interruption probability of the vector beams system decreases from 36% to 12%-18% under stronger turbulence conditions.
Factors associated with use of community-based, peer-led sexual and reproductive health services by adolescent boys and young men aged 18–24 in Lusaka, Zambia: A case control study nested in the Yathu Yathu trial
Authors: Phiri Mwelwa M. , Hensen Bernadette , Sigande Lucheka M. , Floyd Sian , Schaap Albertus J. , Simuyaba Melvin , Mwenge Lawrence , Zulu-Phiri Rosemary , Mwape Louis , Fidler Sarah , Simwinga Musonda , Hayes Richard , Ayles Helen M.
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Adolescents and young people (AYP) aged 15–24 years have the least access to facility-based sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services, including HIV services. The Yathu-Yathu cluster-randomized trial (CRT) in Zambia tested whether a novel peer-led community-based approach increased knowledge of HIV status amongst AYP. In this nested case-control study, we aimed to identify factors associated with non-attendance to the Yathu Yathu hubs by adolescent boys and young men (ABYM) aged 18-24-years.

Methods

Yathu Yathu was a CRT conducted in two communities in Lusaka, Zambia, with 10 intervention and 10 control zones. AYP in all zones were offered prevention points cards (PPC), which incentivized and tracked service use at the hubs and health facility. In intervention zones, services were provided to AYP through community-based spaces (hubs) led by peer support workers. In these zones, cases were defined as those not having accessed any service at a hub and controls as those that accessed at least one service. Data were collected from October 2020 to January 2021 and analysed using methods appropriate for unmatched case-control studies.

Results

161 cases and 160 controls consented to participate in the study. Participants aged 20–24 years (adjOR 1.99, 95%CI 1.26–3.12, p = 0.003), who were educated up to college level (adjOR 8.47,95%CI 2.08–34.53, p = 0.001) or who reported being employed in the last 12 months (adjOR 2.15, 95%CI 1.31–3.53, p = 0.002) were more likely to not attend the hubs. ABYM who had a friend with a PPC were more likely to attend the hubs (adjOR 0.18 95%CI 0.09–0.35, p<0.001). Most cases reported having their last HIV test at the local government health facility (58%) while most controls reported HIV-testing at a Yathu Yathu hub (82%). Among the controls, 84% (134/160) rated the hub experience as excellent. Among cases, 65% (104/161) stated they didn’t visit the hubs “due to employment”.

Conclusions

Despite Yathu Yathu services being community-based and more accessible compared to health facilities, we found age, education and employment were associated with not attending hubs. Strategies are needed to reach employed young men who may not have access to SRH/HIV services during conventional working hours and to better utilise peer networks to increase service use.
Half logistic-truncated exponential distribution: Characteristics and applications
Authors: Gul Ahtasham , Sandhu Amjad Javaid , Farooq Muhammad , Adil Muhammad , Hassan Yasir , Khan Faridoon
Published: November 2023

Gul and Mohsin 2021 developed a new modified form of renowned “Half logistic” distribution introduced by Balakrishnan (1991) and named it half logistic-truncated exponential distribution (HL-TEXPD). Some mathematical characteristics are studied, including hazard function, Pth percentile, moment generating function and Shannon entropy. Simulation study is performed to examine the behaviour of parameter estimates. The proposed model is fitted on three real data sets to check its efficacy. Additionally, TTT (total time on test) plot is drawn to study the failure rate of the three data sets. The results verdict that HL-TEXPD can be efficiently utilized in the field of engineering and medical sciences based on the data sets under study contrary to the classical and baseline models.
Network traits driving knowledge evolution in open collaboration systems
Authors: Ren Ruqin , He Jia
Published: November 2023

Network interpretation illuminates our understanding of the dynamic nature of cultural evolution. Guided by cultural evolution theory, this article explores how people collectively develop knowledge through knowledge collaboration network traits. Using network data from 910 artifacts (the WikiProject Aquarium Fishes articles) over 163 weeks, two studies were designed to understand how collaboration network traits drive population and artifact-level knowledge evolution. The first study examines the selection pressure imposed by10 network traits (against 11 content traits) on population-level evolutionary outcomes. While network traits are vital in identifying natural selection pressure, intriguingly, no significant difference was found between network traits and content traits, challenging a recent theory on network-driven evolution. The second study utilizes time series analysis to reveal that three network traits (embeddedness, connectivity, and redundancy) at a prior time predict future artifact development trajectory. This implies that people collectively explore various positions in a potential solution space, suggesting content exploration as a possible explanation of knowledge evolution. In summary, understanding the interplay between network traits and content exploration provides valuable insights into the mechanisms driving knowledge evolution and offers new avenues for future research.
Understanding surgical smoke in laparoscopy through Lagrangian Coherent Structures
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Crowley Caroline , Khan Mohammad Faraz , Bustamante Miguel D. , Cahill Ronan A. , Nolan Kevin
Published: November 2023

In laparoscopic surgery, one of the main byproducts is the gaseous particles, called surgical smoke, which is found hazardous for both the patient and the operating room staff due to their chemical composition, and this implies a need for its effective elimination. The dynamics of surgical smoke are monitored by the underlying flow inside the abdomen and the hidden Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCSs) present therein. In this article, for an insufflated abdomen domain, we analyse the velocity field, obtained from a computational fluid dynamics model, first, by calculating the flow rates for the outlets and then by identifying the patterns which are responsible for the transportation, mixing and accumulation of the material particles in the flow. From the finite time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) field calculated for different cross-sections of the domain, we show that these material curves are dependent on the angle, positions and number of the outlets, and the inlet. The ridges of the backward FTLE field reveal the regions of vortex formation, and the maximum accumulation, details which can inform the effective placement of the instruments for efficient removal of the surgical smoke.
Descriptive regression tree analysis of intersecting predictors of adult self-rated health: Does gender matter? A cross-sectional study of Canadian adults
Authors: Vafaei Afshin , Stewart Jocelyn M. , Phillips Susan P.
Published: November 2023

Background

While self-rated health (SRH) is a well-validated indicator, its alignment with objective health is inconsistent, particularly among women and older adults. This may reflect group-based differences in characteristics considered when rating health. Using a combination of SRH and satisfaction with health (SH) could capture lived realities for all, thus enabling a more accurate search for predictors of subjective health. With the combined measure of SRH and SH as the outcome we explore a range of characteristics that predict high SRH/SH compared with predictors of a low rating for either SRH or SH.

Methods

Data were from the Canadian General Social Survey 2016 which includes participants 15 years of age and older. We performed classification and regression tree (CRT) analyses to identify the best combination of socioeconomic, behavioural, and mental health predictors of good SRH and health satisfaction.

Results

Almost 85% of the population rated their health as good; however, 19% of those had low SH. Conversely, about 20% of those reporting poor SRH were, none-the-less, satisfied. CRT identified healthy eating, absence of a psychological disability, no work disability from long-term illness, and high resilience as the main predictors of good SRH/SH. Living with a spouse or children, higher social class and healthy behaviours also aligned with high scores in both self-perceived health measures. Sex was not a predictor.

Conclusions

Combining SRH and SH eliminated sex as a predictor of subjective health, and identified characteristics, particularly resilience, that align with high health and well-being and that are malleable.
How many categories are there in crossmodal correspondences? A study based on exploratory factor analysis
Authors: Ohtake Yuka , Tanaka Kanji , Yamamoto Kentaro
Published: November 2023

Humans naturally associate stimulus features of one sensory modality with those of other modalities, such as associating bright light with high-pitched tones. This phenomenon is called crossmodal correspondence and is found between various stimulus features, and has been suggested to be categorized into several types. However, it is not yet clear whether there are differences in the underlying mechanism between the different kinds of correspondences. This study used exploratory factor analysis to address this question. Through an online experiment platform, we asked Japanese adult participants (Experiment 1: N = 178, Experiment 2: N = 160) to rate the degree of correspondence between two auditory and five visual features. The results of two experiments revealed that two factors underlie the subjective judgments of the audiovisual crossmodal correspondences: One factor was composed of correspondences whose auditory and visual features can be expressed in common Japanese terms, such as the loudness–size and pitch–vertical position correspondences, and another factor was composed of correspondences whose features have no linguistic similarities, such as pitch–brightness and pitch–shape correspondences. These results confirm that there are at least two types of crossmodal correspondences that are likely to differ in terms of language mediation.
Activin type I receptor polymorphisms and body composition in older individuals with sarcopenia—Analyses from the LACE randomised controlled trial
Authors: Bashir Tufail , Achison Marcus , Adamson Simon , Akpan Asangaedem , Aspray Terry , Avenell Alison , Band Margaret M. , Burton Louise A. , Cvoro Vera , Donnan Peter T. , Duncan Gordon W. , George Jacob , Gordon Adam L. , Gregson Celia L. , Hapca Adrian , Hume Cheryl , Jackson Thomas A. , Kerr Simon , Kilgour Alixe , Masud Tahir , McKenzie Andrew , McKenzie Emma , Patel Harnish , Pilvinyte Kristina , Roberts Helen C. , Rossios Christos , Sayer Avan A. , Smith Karen T. , Soiza Roy L. , Steves Claire J. , Struthers Allan D. , Tiwari Divya , Whitney Julie , Witham Miles D. , Kemp Paul R.
Published: November 2023

Background

Ageing is associated with changes in body composition including an overall reduction in muscle mass and a proportionate increase in fat mass. Sarcopenia is characterised by losses in both muscle mass and strength. Body composition and muscle strength are at least in part genetically determined, consequently polymorphisms in pathways important in muscle biology (e.g., the activin/myostatin signalling pathway) are hypothesised to contribute to the development of sarcopenia.

Methods

We compared regional body composition measured by DXA with genotypes for two polymorphisms (rs10783486, minor allele frequency (MAF) = 0.26 and rs2854464, MAF = 0.26) in the activin 1B receptor (ACVR1B) determined by PCR in a cross-sectional analysis of DNA from 110 older individuals with sarcopenia from the LACE trial.

Results

Neither muscle mass nor strength showed any significant associations with either genotype in this cohort. Initial analysis of rs10783486 showed that males with the AA/AG genotype were taller than GG males (174±7cm vs 170±5cm, p = 0.023) and had higher arm fat mass, (median higher by 15%, p = 0.008), and leg fat mass (median higher by 14%, p = 0.042). After correcting for height, arm fat mass remained significantly higher (median higher by 4% padj = 0.024). No associations (adjusted or unadjusted) were seen in females. Similar analysis of the rs2854464 allele showed a similar pattern with the presence of the minor allele (GG/AG) being associated with greater height (GG/AG = 174±7 cm vs AA = 170 ±5cm, p = 0.017) and greater arm fat mass (median higher by 16%, p = 0.023). Again, the difference in arm fat remained after correction for height. No similar associations were seen in females analysed alone.

Conclusion

These data suggest that polymorphic variation in the ACVR1B locus could be associated with body composition in older males. The activin/myostatin pathway might offer a novel potential target to prevent fat accumulation in older individuals.
Strontium-doped hydroxyapatite and its role in osteogenesis and angiogenesis
Authors: Ran Ling , Liu Lishuang , Gao Jingjing , Pan Yang , Ramalingam Murugan , Du Xiaoyu , Liu Ying , Cheng Lijia , Shi Zheng
Published: November 2023

For the past 50 years, hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used in bone defect repair because it is the main inorganic component of the mineral phase of a human bone. Extensive preclinical and clinical studies have shown that strontium (Sr) can safely and effectively help prevent and treat bone diseases, including osteoporosis. These findings have resulted in the concept of integrating Sr and HA for bone disease management. The doped Sr can improve the physicochemical properties of HA and enhance its angiogenic and bone regeneration ability. Nevertheless, no study has reviewed the design strategy of Sr-doped HA (Sr-HA) to understand its biological roles. Therefore, in this article, we review recent developments in Sr-HA preparation and its effect on osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo along with key suggestions for future research and development.
A produção secundária de vidro romano em Conímbriga: novos dados
Authors: Da Cruz Mário , Gratuze Bernard
Published: November 2023

A questão da produção local de vidro romano em Conímbriga foi pela primeira vez levantada por Jorge de Alarcão em 1964. Em 2009, ao tratarmos da produção de vidro no noroeste peninsular, dedicamos‑lhe uma pequena nota de revisão onde se defendia que a produção de vidro em Conímbriga, sendo plausível, não havia sido comprovada de forma irrefutável. Já em 2013, a propósito da elaboração de um levantamento dos sítios de produção de vidro da Hispânia, tivemos a possibilidade de verificar pessoalmente os indícios de produção mencionados bem como proceder à análise química de uma pequena amostragem. São esses resultados arqueométricos que agora apresentamos e que permitem confirmar de forma inequívoca a existência de uma produção secundaria de vidro em Conímbriga durante o séc. III d.C., pelo menos.
Enhancing Energy Efficiency in Cluster Based WSN using Grey Wolf Optimization
Authors: Rai Ashok Kumar , Tyagi Lalit Kumar , Kumar Anoop , Srivastava Swapnita , Fatima Naushen
Published: November 2023

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are typically made up of small, low-power sensor nodes (SNs) equipped with capability for wireless communication, processing, and sensing. These nodes collaborate with each other to form a self-organizing network. They can collect data from their surrounding environment, such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, or motion, and transmit it to a central base station (BS) or gateway for additional processing and analysis. LEACH and TSEP are examples of cluster-based protocols developed for WSNs. These protocols require careful design and optimization of CH selection algorithms, considering factors such as energy consumption, network scalability, data aggregation, load balancing, fault tolerance, and adaptability to dynamic network conditions. Various research efforts have been made to develop efficient CH selection algorithms in WSNs, considering these challenges and trade-offs. In this paper, the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm is employed to address the problem of selecting CHs (CHs) in WSNs. The proposed approach takes into account two parameters: Residual Energy (RE) and the distance of node (DS)s from the BS. By visualizing and analyzing the GWO algorithm under variable parameters in WSNs, this research identifies the most appropriate node from all normal nodes for CH selection. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model, utilizing GWO, outperforms other approaches in terms of performance.
Uso de vello facial en héroes de películas clásicas
Authors: Momin Fareen , Wagner Richard F.
Published: November 2023

La industria cinematográfica utiliza hallazgos dermatológicos para ayudar a los espectadores a diferenciar entre héroes y villanos. Este estudio buscó determinar si existe una asociación significativa entre la presencia de vello facial y el tipo de carácter.
Se analizaron los 10 mejores héroes y villanos masculinos de la lista de los 100 mejores héroes y villanos del American Film Institute para detectar la presencia de vello facial. Se analizaron un total de 20 personajes de 19 películas. El vello facial se definió como el cabello presente en la cara que podía identificarse fácil y claramente como barba, perilla o bigote.
Los 10 villanos analizados en este estudio no tenían vello facial en comparación con 5 héroes con esta característica (100 % frente a 50 % respectivamente). El tipo de vello facial observado en los héroes era una combinación de barba y bigote. La prueba Exacta de Fisher reveló una asociación significativa entre la presencia de vello facial y el tipo de carácter (p=0,0325).
Según este análisis, parece haber una tendencia a ayudar a los espectadores a distinguir héroes de villanos mediante el uso de características mutables. El uso del vello facial para identificar héroes es notable porque, si bien no es un trastorno dermatológico, investigaciones anteriores han revelado un mayor uso de hallazgos dermatológicos en los antagonistas en comparación con los protagonistas.
Pensamiento de Ávalos sobre la Pertinencia contemporánea de la filosofía política de Marx
Authors: Mendes Áquilas
Published: November 2023

Ávalos, Gerardo. Ética y Política en Karl Marx. México: Universidad Autónoma Metropolititana-Xochimilco, Editorial Terracota, 2021.
Se refiere a una Reseña del libro de Gerardo Ávalos, Ética y Política en Karl Marx. El libro de Gerardo Ávalos, al ofrecernos el profundo aporte de Marx, no a través de una perspectiva económica de su pensamiento, sino sobre todo en la valorización de su fuente filosófica política en su crítica a la economía política, refuerza la comprensión de este filósofo de Tréveris, como menciona Gerardo, acerca de la comprensión de la sociedad moderna, su lógica estructurante, su organización mundial y sus contradicciones. Para asegurar un hilo conductor sobre el carácter revolucionario del aporte de Marx, valorando su ética y política, Ávalos traza un camino muy articulado entre sus 8 capítulos, brindando un itinerario de lectura y reflexión cada vez más amena y profunda.
Aplikasi Spherical Trigonometry dalam Menentukan Arah Kiblat Umat Islam
Authors: Maknun Churun Lu'lu'il
Published: November 2023

Matematika banyak diterapkan di berbagai bidang keilmuan, seperti sains, teknologi, ekonomi termasuk dalam bidang agama. Salah satu penerapan penting matematika dalam agama khususnya agama Islam adalah dalam menentukan arah kiblat. Hal ini penting karena kondisi permukaan bumi yang terus berubah akibat pergeseran lempeng sehingga arah kiblat secara kontinu akan terus dilakukan. Hasil dan pembahasan dalam artikel ini diperoleh melalui kajian literatur dengan cara mengkonstruksi  definisi dan teorema yang berkaitan dengan bentuk permukaan bumi, dan perhitungan geometris pada elipsoid. Dengan menggunakan prinsip geometri bola, segitiga bola dan trigonometri bola yang mencerminkan bentuk bumi yang berupa ellipsoid dapat dirumuskan cara menghitung arah kiblat untuk setiap daerah di permukaan bumi, yaitu dengan menggunakan aturan kosinus sebagai berikut: cos B= (cos b - cos a cos c)/sin a sin c. Selain itu disajikan pula bagaimana penggunaan rumus tersebut dengan menerapkan teknologi Google Earth dalam contoh konkrit penentuan arah kiblat dari suatu kota di Indonesia ke Kabah. Ketepatan penentuan koordinat lokasi menjadi penentu presisi dari sudut arah kiblat.
[There are numerous applications of mathematics in other fields such as science, technology, economics and religion. One of the most important application of mathematics in religion is its use in deciding the direction of Kaaba for Moslem. This problem is important since the earth surface periodically changes due to the tectonic shift. The result of this study retrieved from literature study by constructing both the definitions and theorems of earth surface and geometrics calculation on ellipsoid. Using the spherical geometry, spherical trigonometry, and spherical triangle the formula to calculate the angle of Kaaba direction from particular point was constructed as follows: cos B= (cos b - cos a cos c)/sin a sin c. Further, the explanation of how to use and calculate the formula was also presented in this paper using the asssistance of Google earth technology. To sum up, the precision of coordinate of location becames main factor to obtain exact angle.]
Mathematical Model, Stability Analysis and Numerical Simulations for The Spread of Malaria Disease in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia
Authors: Prihantini Prihantini
Published: November 2023

Indonesia merupakan negara yang sering terjadi penyakit malaria. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan model matematika yang mampu memodelkan distribusi malaria. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat model dengan variabel yang memperhatikan suspected, infeksi, dorman dan pulih. Hasil model yang terbentuk kemudian disimulasikan dengan menggunakan software maple 18. Dari hasil simulasi dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi penurunan populasi yang terinfeksi dan peningkatan populasi yang pulih dari waktu ke waktu.
[Indonesia is a country with frequent malaria cases. Therefore, a mathematical model is needed to model the distribution of malaria. The purpose of this study is to create a model with susceptible, infected, dormant and recovered compartments and to see the results of the simulation performed using maple 18 software. From the simulation results, it can be concluded that there is a decrease in the infected population and an increase in the recovered population over time.]
Harga Minyak Mentah WTI Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Time Series Markov Chain
Authors: Nurlela Siti , Fanani Aris , Hani Khaulasari
Published: November 2023

Harga minyak mentah merupakan salah satu patokan untuk perekonomian dunia. Harga minyak mentah sering mengalami naik turun yang disebabkan oleh pendapatan dan permintaan. Kaadaan yang terjadi ini dapat diatasi dengan prediksi menggunakan metode fuzzy time series markov chain. Data harga minyak mentah WTI merupakan bentuk data time series yang diakses dari webside Id.investing. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pengambilan keputusan para investor. Metode fuzzy time series markov chain pada harga minyak mentah jenis WTI mendapatkan nilai akurasi prediksi lebih dari 98%, sedangkan nilai dari MAPE adalah 1.18%.
Análisis crítico del discurso de las políticas educativas con tecnologías de información y comunicación: Tensiones, similitudes y diferencias en la producción de las políticas de México, Colombia y Brasil
Authors: Rojas-Quesada Luis Gerardo
Published: November 2023

La producción discursiva de políticas educativas con tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) ha aumentado de manera generalizada. En Latinoamérica, han surgido nuevas estrategias que, desde el COVID-19, se han visto fortalecidas. Con la finalidad de identificar y analizar las tensiones y diferencias discursivas en esta región, se plantea un análisis crítico del discurso de estas políticas en tres países: México, Colombia y Brasil. Se utilizan complementariamente dos elementos propuestos por Fairclough: la concepción tridimensional del discurso y las dimensiones del análisis crítico del discurso. Como resultado de la investigación, se encuentra que se naturalizan lógicas de solucionismo tecnológico en los sistemas educativos en las que se le despoja características históricamente pedagógicas a lo educativo para atribuírselas en a las TIC. Adicionalmente, se encuentran similitudes discursivas en las formas de justificar y en la estructuración de las estrategias de inclusión de las TIC en los sistemas educativos. Las diferencias que se encuentran en las formas de representar la formación y el horizonte educativo. Se concluye resaltando la importancia de pensar estas políticas desde tres elementos: el desplazamiento de lo propiamente pedagógico hacia las TIC, inclusión-exclusión que representan esta inclusión y el régimen de historicidad que acompaña la inmersión de las tecnologías en los escenarios educativos.
The Potential of Biomaterial-Based Solutions in Cancer Research and Treatment
Authors: Boone Hannah
Published: November 2023

Cancer is a very troubling disease due to its unique morphological characteristics, capacity for drug resistance, and immunosuppressive abilities. Traditional methods used both for research of cancer and its subsequent treatment have fallen short of being able to accurately understand and ultimately defeat cancer within the body. Biomaterials present a unique solution to many problems associated with cancer. The use of biomaterials in cancer cell modeling has promoted a better understanding of tumor microenvironments. Biomaterials can also serve as drug and adjuvant carriers that are more likely to reach their target cancer cells. Many biomaterials also have standalone antitumor properties, and can also help in modulating the immune response, triggering various immune cells to attack cancerous cells. Naturally derived biomaterials include polysaccharides, lipids, polypeptides, vitamin E derivatives, and even plant extracts like curcumin. Biomaterial-based cancer treatments tend to have a longerlasting and more dependable effect inside the body and can come in many different forms, from polymeric scaffolds to injectable nanoparticles.
Analysis of High School Graduate Data Using Database Analytics Tools
Authors: Ceman Ezana , Salihovic Ajdin , Jukic Samed
Published: November 2023

It can be confidently stated that access to education is one of the most prized possessions available to us today. Although there are underlying factors such as the discrepancies in the education being provided worldwide, it is imperative that data scientists and all those interested take advantage of the data publicly available to draw necessary insights into how to better the education sector in our respective countries. The purpose of this research is to showcase various analytical insights into the 2020 New York State (NYS) high school graduation rate data using various advanced database systems techniques, specifically using SQL. With these analyses, further studies and conclusions can be drawn for local governments to implement into their plans to increase the quality of the schooling system, to aim for equality for all without reg
Enhancement of flexural behavior of hybrid flat slab by using SIFCON
Authors: Alsheameri Aliyaa M. , Rasheed Laith Sh. , Alsaad Aymen J.
Published: November 2023

Flat slab systems are widely utilized in construction due to their versatility and efficient use of space. Nevertheless, they are susceptible to flexural failure, particularly in the tension zone. To address this issue, slurry-infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) has been proposed as a solution owing to its exceptional strength and durability. This research examines the effect of utilizing SIFCON in the tension zone of flat slab systems to enhance their flexural performance. The study encompasses testing eight identical slabs, two of which were cast with normal concrete, while the remaining six were hybrid slabs incorporating SIFCON. The specimens were subjected to vertical loading to compare their flexural behavior and identify the optimal dimensions for the SIFCON layer. The slabs had identical dimensions but varied in reinforcement. Group A had a reinforcement ratio ofρ= 0.5%, whereas Group B had a ratio ofρ= 0.335%. All slabs had a constant thickness of the SIFCON layer of 20 mm in the tension zone but varied in the dimensions of the SIFCON layer (100, 50, 30%) from the slab dimensions. A square plate with dimensions (140 × 140 × 20) mm supported the load for all slabs. The load was applied gradually until failure, and the load–deflection curves were recorded for each slab. The result showed that using SIFCON in the tension zone improved the flexural resistance of flat slab systems. The hybrid slabs with SIFCON demonstrated higher ultimate loads and lower deflections than the control slabs that used regular concrete. In particular, the hybrid slabs with a 100% SIFCON layer exhibited the best results, with a rise in ultimate load of 179 and 100% for Groups A and B, respectively, compared to the control slabs. In addition, there was a significant decrease in deflection of 62.35 and 52.38% for Groups A and B, respectively, relative to the control slabs. The study found that the optimal combination of the SIFCON dimension was when the 50% slab dimension was covered and the reinforcing bar area for the hybrid reinforcement system was smaller.