bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aerosol and physical atmosphere model parameters are both important sources of uncertainty in aerosol ERF
Authors: Regayre Leighton A. , Johnson Jill S. , Yoshioka Masaru , Pringle Kirsty J. , Sexton David M. H. , Booth Ben B. B. , Lee Lindsay A. , Bellouin Nicolas , Carslaw Kenneth S.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Changes in aerosols cause a change in net top-of-the-atmosphere
(ToA) short-wave and long-wave radiative fluxes; rapid adjustments in clouds,
water vapour and temperature; and an effective radiative forcing (ERF)
of the planetary energy budget. The diverse sources of model uncertainty and
the computational cost of running climate models make it difficult to isolate
the main causes of aerosol ERF uncertainty and to understand how observations
can be used to constrain it. We explore the aerosol ERF uncertainty by using
fast model emulators to generate a very large set of aerosol–climate model
variants that span the model uncertainty due to 27 parameters
related to atmospheric and aerosol processes. Sensitivity analyses shows that
the uncertainty in the ToA flux is dominated (around 80 %) by uncertainties
in the physical atmosphere model, particularly parameters that affect cloud
reflectivity. However, uncertainty in the change in ToA flux caused by
aerosol emissions over the industrial period (the aerosol ERF) is controlled
by a combination of uncertainties in aerosol (around 60 %) and physical
atmosphere (around 40 %) parameters. Four atmospheric and aerosol parameters
account for around 80 % of the uncertainty in short-wave ToA flux (mostly
parameters that directly scale cloud reflectivity, cloud water content or
cloud droplet concentrations), and these parameters also account for around
60 % of the aerosol ERF uncertainty. The common causes of uncertainty mean
that constraining the modelled planetary brightness to tightly match
satellite observations changes the lower 95 % credible aerosol ERF value from
−2.65 to −2.37 W m−2. This
suggests the strongest forcings (below around −2.4 W m−2)
are inconsistent with observations. These results show that, regardless of
the fact that the ToA flux is 2 orders of magnitude larger than the aerosol
ERF, the observed flux can constrain the uncertainty in ERF because their
values are connected by constrainable process parameters. The key to reducing
the aerosol ERF uncertainty further will be to identify observations that can
additionally constrain individual parameter ranges and/or combined parameter
effects, which can be achieved through sensitivity analysis of perturbed
parameter ensembles.
Internal consistency of the Regional Brewer Calibration Centre for Europe triad during the period 2005–2016
Authors: León-Luis Sergio Fabián , Redondas Alberto , Carreño Virgilio , López-Solano Javier , Berjón Alberto , Hernández-Cruz Bentorey , Santana-Díaz Daniel
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Total ozone column measurements can be made using Brewer spectrophotometers,
which are calibrated periodically in intercomparison campaigns with respect
to a reference instrument. In 2003, the Regional Brewer Calibration Centre
for Europe (RBCC-E) was established at the Izaña Atmospheric Research
Center (Canary Islands, Spain), and since 2011 the RBCC-E has transferred its
calibration based on the Langley method using travelling standard(s) that are
wholly and independently calibrated at Izaña. This work is focused on
reporting the consistency of the measurements of the RBCC-E triad (Brewer
instruments #157, #183 and #185) made at the Izaña Atmospheric
Observatory during the period 2005–2016. In order to study the long-term
precision of the RBCC-E triad, it must be taken into account that each Brewer
takes a large number of measurements every day and, hence, it becomes
necessary to calculate a representative value of all of them. This value was
calculated from two different methods previously used to study the long-term
behaviour of the world reference triad (Toronto triad) and Arosa triad.
Applying their procedures to the data from the RBCC-E triad allows the
comparison of the three instruments. In daily averages, applying the
procedure used for the world reference triad, the RBCC-E triad presents a
relative standard deviation equal to σ = 0.41 %, which is
calculated as the mean of the individual values for each Brewer
(σ157 = 0.362 %, σ183 = 0.453 % and
σ185 = 0.428 %). Alternatively, using the procedure used
to analyse the Arosa triad, the RBCC-E presents a relative standard deviation
of about σ = 0.5 %. In monthly averages, the method used for
the data from the world reference triad gives a relative standard deviation
mean equal to σ = 0.3 % (σ157 = 0.33 %,
σ183 = 0.34 % and σ185 = 0.23 %).
However, the procedure of the Arosa triad gives monthly values of
σ = 0.5 %. In this work, two ozone data sets are analysed:
the first includes all the ozone measurements available, while the second
only includes the simultaneous measurements of all three instruments.
Furthermore, this paper also describes the Langley method used to determine
the extraterrestrial constant (ETC) for the RBCC-E triad, the necessary first
step toward accurate ozone calculation. Finally, the short-term or intraday
consistency is also studied to identify the effect of the solar zenith angle
on the precision of the RBCC-E triad.
Connecting the Greenland ice-core and U / Th timescales via cosmogenic radionuclides: Testing the synchronicity of Dansgaard-Oeschger events
Authors: Adolphi Florian , Bronk Ramsey Christopher , Erhardt Tobias , Edwards R. Lawrence , Cheng Hai , Turney Chris S. M. , Cooper Alan , Svensson Anders , Rasmussen Sune O. , Fischer Hubertus , Muscheler Raimund
Published: July 2018

Abstract. During the last glacial period Northern Hemisphere climate was characterized by extreme and abrupt climate changes, so-called Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events. Most clearly observed as temperature changes in Greenland ice-core records, their climatic imprint was geographically widespread. However, the temporal relation between DO-events in Greenland and other regions is uncertain due to the chronological uncertainties of each archive, limiting our ability to test hypotheses of synchronous change. On the contrary, the assumption of direct synchrony of climate changes forms the basis of many timescales. Here, we use cosmogenic radionuclides (10Be, 36Cl, 14C) to link Greenland ice-core records to U / Th-dated speleothems, quantify offsets between both timescales, and improve their absolute dating back to 45 000 years ago. This approach allows us to test the assumption that DO-events occurred synchronously between Greenland ice-core and tropical speleothem records at unprecedented precision. We find that the onset of DO-events occurs within synchronization uncertainties in all investigated records. Importantly, we demonstrate that there remain local discrepancies in the temporal development of rapid climate change for specific events and speleothems. These may be either related to the location of proxy records relative to the shifting atmospheric fronts or to underestimated U / Th-dating uncertainties. Our study thus highlights the potential for misleading interpretations of the Earth system when applying the common practice of climate wiggle-matching.
The Google Earth Engine Digitisation Tool (GEEDiT) and the Margin change Quantification Tool (MaQiT) – simple tools for the rapid mapping and quantification of changing Earth surface margins
Authors: Lea James M.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Changes in margins derived from satellite imagery are quantitative indicators of the environmental processes and drivers acting on the Earth's surface, for example retreating ice margins or coastal changes with rising sea level. However, the large-scale rapid visualisation and analysis of the satellite record is often impractical due to factors such as computer processing power, software availability, internet connection speed and/or user expertise in remote sensing. Here are presented three new, freely accessible tools that together can be used to process, visualise and review data from the full Landsat 4–8 and Sentinel 1–2 satellite records in seconds, enabling efficient mapping (through manual digitisation) and automated quantification of margin changes. These tools are highly accessible for users from a range of remote-sensing expertise (from academics to high school students), with minimal computational, licensing and knowledge-based barriers to access. The Google Earth Engine Digitisation Tool (GEEDiT) allows users to define a point anywhere on the planet and filter data from each satellite for user-defined time frames, maximum acceptable cloud cover extent, and options of predefined or custom image band combinations via a simple graphical user interface (GUI). GEEDiT allows georeferenced vectors to be easily and rapidly mapped from each image, with image metadata and user notes automatically appended to each vector, which can then be exported for subsequent analysis. The GEEDiT Reviewer tool allows users to quality control their own/others' data and also filter existing datasets based on the spatial/temporal requirements for their particular research question. The Margin change Quantification Tool (MaQiT) is complementary to GEEDiT and GEEDiT Reviewer, allowing the rapid quantification of these margin changes by utilising two well-established methods that have previously been used to measure glacier margin change and two new methods via a similarly simple GUI. A case study of the lake-terminating glacier Breiðamerkurjökull, Iceland, is used to demonstrate the complementary functionality of GEEDiT, GEEDiT Reviewer and MaQiT, though it should be noted that MaQiT is also suitable for the (re-)analysis of existing datasets not generated by GEEDiT. MaQiT has been developed with the original aim of quantifying tidewater glacier terminus change, though the methods included within the tool have potential for wide applications in multiple areas of Earth surface science (e.g. coastal and vegetation extent change). It is hoped that these tools will allow a wide range of researchers and students across the geosciences to efficiently map, analyse and access volumes of data that would have previously proven prohibitive.
Simulating atmospheric tracer concentrations for spatially distributed receptors: updates to the Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport model's R interface (STILT-R version 2)
Authors: Fasoli Benjamin , Lin John C. , Bowling David R. , Mitchell Logan , Mendoza Daniel
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) model
is comprised of a compiled Fortran executable that carries out advection and
dispersion calculations as well as a higher-level code layer for simulation
control and user interaction, written in the open-source data analysis
language R. We introduce modifications to the STILT-R code base with the aim
to improve the model's applicability to fine-scale (< 1 km) trace
gas measurement studies. The changes facilitate placement of spatially
distributed receptors and provide high-level methods for single- and
multi-node parallelism. We present a kernel density estimator to calculate
influence footprints and demonstrate improvements over prior methods.
Vertical dilution in the hyper near field is calculated using the Lagrangian
decorrelation timescale and vertical turbulence to approximate the effective
mixing depth. This framework provides a central source repository to reduce
code fragmentation among STILT user groups as well as a systematic, well-documented workflow for users. We apply the modified STILT-R to light-rail
measurements in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, and discuss how results
from our analyses can inform future fine-scale measurement approaches and
modeling efforts.
Vegetation distribution and terrestrial carbon cycle in a carbon cycle configuration of JULES4.6 with new plant functional types
Authors: Harper Anna B. , Wiltshire Andrew J. , Cox Peter M. , Friedlingstein Pierre , Jones Chris D. , Mercado Lina M. , Sitch Stephen , Williams Karina , Duran-Rojas Carolina
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) are used for studying historical and
future changes to vegetation and the terrestrial carbon cycle. JULES (the
Joint UK Land Environment Simulator) represents the land surface in the
Hadley Centre climate models and in the UK Earth System Model. Recently the
number of plant functional types (PFTs) in JULES was expanded from five to nine to better represent functional
diversity in global ecosystems. Here we introduce a more mechanistic
representation of vegetation dynamics in TRIFFID, the dynamic vegetation
component of JULES, which allows for any number of PFTs to compete based
solely on their height; therefore, the previous hardwired dominance hierarchy
is removed. With the new set of nine PFTs, JULES is able to more accurately reproduce global
vegetation distribution compared to the former five PFT version. Improvements
include the coverage of trees within tropical and boreal forests and a
reduction in shrubs, the latter of which dominated at high latitudes. We show that JULES is
able to realistically represent several aspects of the global carbon (C) cycle.
The simulated gross primary productivity (GPP) is within the range of
observations, but simulated net primary productivity (NPP) is slightly too
high. GPP in JULES from 1982 to 2011 is 133 Pg C yr−1, compared to
observation-based estimates (over the same time period) between 123 ± 8
and 150–175 Pg C yr−1. NPP from 2000 to 2013 is 72 Pg C yr−1,
compared to satellite-derived NPP of 55 Pg C yr−1 over the same
period and independent estimates of 56.2 ± 14.3 Pg C yr−1. The
simulated carbon stored in vegetation is 542 Pg C, compared to an
observation-based range of 400–600 Pg C. Soil carbon is much lower
(1422 Pg C) than estimates from measurements (> 2400 Pg C), with large
underestimations of soil carbon in the tropical and boreal forests. We also examined some aspects of the historical terrestrial carbon sink as
simulated by JULES. Between the 1900s and 2000s, increased atmospheric carbon
dioxide levels enhanced vegetation productivity and litter inputs into the
soils, while land use change removed vegetation and reduced soil carbon. The
result is a simulated increase in soil carbon of 57 Pg C but a decrease in
vegetation carbon of 98 Pg C. The total simulated loss of soil and
vegetation carbon due to land use change is 138 Pg C from 1900 to 2009,
compared to a recent observationally constrained estimate of
155 ± 50 Pg C from 1901 to 2012. The simulated land carbon sink is
2.0 ± 1.0 Pg C yr−1 from 2000 to 2009, in close agreement with
estimates from the IPCC and Global Carbon Project.
A run control framework to streamline profiling, porting, and tuning simulation runs and provenance tracking of geoscientific applications
Authors: Sharples Wendy , Zhukov Ilya , Geimer Markus , Goergen Klaus , Luehrs Sebastian , Breuer Thomas , Naz Bibi , Kulkarni Ketan , Brdar Slavko , Kollet Stefan
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Geoscientific modeling is constantly evolving, with next-generation geoscientific models and applications placing large demands on high-performance computing (HPC) resources. These demands are being met by new developments in HPC architectures, software libraries, and infrastructures. In addition to the challenge of new massively parallel HPC systems, reproducibility of simulation and analysis results is of great concern. This is due to the fact that next-generation geoscientific models are based on complex model implementations and profiling, modeling, and data processing workflows. Thus, in order to reduce both the duration and the cost of code migration, aid in the development of new models or model components, while ensuring reproducibility and sustainability over the complete data life cycle, an automated approach to profiling, porting, and provenance tracking is necessary. We propose a run control framework (RCF) integrated with a workflow engine as a best practice approach to automate profiling, porting, provenance tracking, and simulation runs. Our RCF encompasses all stages of the modeling chain: (1) preprocess input, (2) compilation of code (including code instrumentation with performance analysis tools), (3) simulation run, and (4) postprocessing and analysis, to address these issues. Within this RCF, the workflow engine is used to create and manage benchmark or simulation parameter combinations and performs the documentation and data organization for reproducibility. In this study, we outline this approach and highlight the subsequent developments scheduled for implementation born out of the extensive profiling of ParFlow. We show that in using our run control framework, testing, benchmarking, profiling, and running models is less time consuming and more robust than running geoscientific applications in an ad hoc fashion, resulting in more efficient use of HPC resources, more strategic code development, and enhanced data integrity and reproducibility.
Modeling the glacial lake outburst flood process chain in the Nepal Himalaya: reassessing Imja Tsho's hazard
Authors: Lala Jonathan M. , Rounce David R. , McKinney Daene C.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The Himalayas of South Asia are home to many glaciers that are retreating due to climate change and causing the formation of large glacial lakes in their absence. These lakes are held in place by naturally deposited moraine dams that are potentially unstable. Specifically, an impulse wave generated by an avalanche or landslide entering the lake can destabilize the moraine dam, thereby causing a catastrophic failure of the moraine and a glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF). Imja-Lhotse Shar Glacier is amongst the glaciers experiencing the highest rate of mass loss in the Mount Everest region, in part due to the expansion of Imja Tsho. A GLOF from this lake may have the potential to cause catastrophic damage to downstream villages, threatening both property and human life, which prompted the Nepali government to construct outlet works to lower the lake level. Therefore, it is essential to understand the processes that could trigger a flood and quantify the potential downstream impacts. The avalanche-induced GLOF process chain was modeled using the output of one component of the chain as input to the next. First, the volume and momentum of various avalanches entering the lake were calculated using Rapid Mass Movement Simulation (RAMMS). Next, the avalanche-induced waves were simulated using the Basic Simulation Environment for Computation of Environmental Flow and Natural Hazard Simulation (BASEMENT) model and validated with empirical equations to ensure the proper transfer of momentum from the avalanche to the lake. With BASEMENT, the ensuing moraine erosion and downstream flooding was modeled, which was used to generate hazard maps downstream. Moraine erosion was calculated for two geomorphologic models: one site-specific using field data and another worst-case based on past literature that is applicable to lakes in the greater region. Neither case resulted in flooding outside the river channel at downstream villages. The worst-case model resulted in some moraine erosion and increased channelization of the lake outlet, which yielded greater discharge downstream but no catastrophic collapse. The site-specific model generated similar results, but with very little erosion and a smaller downstream discharge. These results indicated that Imja Tsho is unlikely to produce a catastrophic GLOF due to an avalanche in the near future, although some hazard exists within the downstream river channel, necessitating continued monitoring of the lake. Furthermore, these models were designed for ease and flexibility such that local or national agency staff with reasonable training can apply them to model the GLOF process chain for other lakes in the region.
Economically optimal safety targets for interdependent flood defences in a graph-based approach with an efficient evaluation of expected annual damage estimates
Authors: Dupuits Egidius Johanna Cassianus , Diermanse Ferdinand Lennaert Machiel , Kok Matthijs
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Flood defence systems can be seen as multiple interdependent flood defences. This paper advances an approach for finding an optimal configuration for flood defence systems based on an economic cost–benefit analysis with an arbitrary number of interdependent flood defences. The proposed approach is based on a graph algorithm and is, thanks to some beneficial properties of the application, able to represent large graphs with strongly reduced memory requirements. Furthermore, computational efficiency is achieved by delaying cost calculations until they are actually needed by the graph algorithm. This significantly reduces the required number of computationally expensive flood risk calculations. In this paper, we conduct a number of case studies to compare the optimal paths found by the proposed approach with the results of competing methods that generate identical results. The proposed approach is set up in a generic way and implements the shortest-path approach for optimising cost–benefit analyses of interdependent flood defences with computationally expensive flood risk calculations.
Hadal water biogeochemistry over the Izu–Ogasawara Trench observed with a full-depth CTD-CMS
Authors: Kawagucci Shinsuke , Makabe Akiko , Kodama Taketoshi , Matsui Yohei , Yoshikawa Chisato , Ono Etsuro , Wakita Masahide , Nunoura Takuro , Uchida Hiroshi , Yokokawa Taichi
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Full-depth profiles of hydrographic and geochemical
properties at the Izu–Ogasawara Trench were observed for the first time
using a CTD-CMS (conductivity–temperature–depth profiler with
carousel multiple sampling) system. Additionally, comparative samplings were
done at the northern Mariana Trench using the same methods. A well-mixed
hydrographic structure below 7000 m was observed within the Izu–Ogasawara
Trench. Seawater samples collected from this well-mixed hadal layer
exhibited constant concentrations of nitrate, phosphate, silicate, and
nitrous oxide as well as constant nitrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions
of nitrate and nitrous oxide. These results agree well with previous
observations of the Izu–Ogasawara hadal waters and deep-sea
water surrounding the Izu–Ogasawara Trench. In turn, methane concentrations and
isotopic compositions indicated spatial heterogeneity within the well-mixed
hadal water mass, strongly suggesting a local methane source within the
trench, in addition to the background methane originating from the general
deep-sea bottom water. Sedimentary compound releases, associated with
sediment re-suspensions, are considered to be the most likely mechanism for
generating this significant CH4 anomaly.
Coupled Wind Turbine Design and Layout Optimization with Non-Homogeneous Wind Turbines
Authors: Stanley Andrew P. J. , Ning Andrew
Published: July 2018

Abstract. In this study, wind farms were optimized to show the benefit of coupling turbine design and layout optimization, as well as including different turbine designs in a single wind farm. For our purposes, turbine design included hub height, rotor diameter, rated power, tower diameter, tower shell thickness, and implicit blade chord and twist distributions. A 32-turbine wind farm and a 60-turbine wind farm were both considered, as well as a variety of turbine spacings and wind shear exponents. Structural constraints as well as turbine costs were considered in the optimization. Results indicate that coupled turbine design and layout optimization is superior to sequentially optimizing turbine design, then turbine layout. Coupled optimization results in an additional 2–5 % reduction in cost of energy compared to optimizing sequentially. Furthermore, wind farms with closely spaced wind turbines can greatly benefit from non-uniform turbine design throughout the farm. Some of these wind farms with heterogeneous turbine design have an additional 10% cost-of-energy reduction compared to wind farms with identical turbines throughout the farm.
Corporate governance and entrepreneurial orientation of family SMEs: an analysis of the influence of family involvement at different levels
Authors:   Departamento de Economía Financiera I, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, C/Elcano, 21, 48008 Bilbao, (España). unai.arzubiaga@ehu.eus, Arzubiaga Unai
Published: July 2018

The entrepreneurial attitude of companies is key to compete in a globalized and dynamic economic environment. Thus, it is of special interest the analysis of the factors that promote or hinder the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of organizations. In the case of family businesses, the interaction between the family and the business can directly affect the OE, although this effect may vary depending on whether it occurs in the top management team or in the Board of Directors. In addition, the effect of family involvement in both organs may be affected by their respective sizes. Based on a sample of 91 family SMEs, this paper shows the negative effect on OE of a high proportion of family members in the Board and in the top management team, an effect that is reinforced when the number of decision-makers in each organ is greater. This study also finds that the involvement of different family generations in the top management team has a positive effect on EO, decreasing this influence in larger top management teams In addition to the theoretical implications of these findings, the practical implications for managers and owners of family SMEs that are immersed in a period of professionalization are especially interesting. Thus, this study can be helpful in designing the size and the composition of the top management team and the Board of Directors of this type of organization.
Relevance of indicators linked to communication and accountability in not-for-profit organizations
Authors:   Departamento de Economía Financiera I, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Av. Lehendakari Agirre 83, 48015, Bilbao (España). javier.corral@ehu.eus, Corral Lage Javier , Maguregui Urionabarrenechea M. Lorea ,   Departamento de Economía Financiera I, Facultad de Economía y Empres, C/Elcano, 21, 48008 Bilbao, (España). lorea.maguregi@ehu.eus, Elechiguerra Arrizabalaga Crisanta ,   Departamento de Economía Financiera I, Facultad de Economía y Empres, C/Elcano, 21, 48008 Bilbao, (España). crisanta.elechiguerra@ehu.eus
Published: July 2018

A study by Elechiguerra, Corral-Lage and Maguregui in 2015 shows how a model of social and economic indicators can help provide more transparent information on the Not-For-Profit area. Based on this premise, the objective of this work is to corroborate, using Cronbach´s Alpha, the degree of reliability of the set of social indicators related to the area of communication and accountability, with the desire and eagerness to favour the processes of issuing clearer and more homogeneous information related to this area within the Not-For-Profit Sector. It identifies which are the dimensions that the Not-For-Profit Organizations (NFPO) themselves think they must do when it comes to communicate information and accountability in an effective and efficient way. To this end, a survey has been carried out in which the opinion of 122 Spanish NFPO is gathered. Subsequently, based on the correlation study, the data obtained were analysed making it clear that the indicators these organizations grant a higher degree of reliability in the area studied are those related to anti-corruption measures, stakeholders´ participation in the entity process, the auditors´ insights and their committees. And those linked to penalties-sanctions and complaints-claims are discarded as they do not add value to the indicators as a whole.
Em meio a escombros éticos-emocionais: o público como espectador-personagem na atualização da experiência neorrealista em Funny Games
Authors: Ramari Thiago Henrique , Demétrio Silvio Ricardo
Published: July 2018

A partir de Deleuze (1990), o presente artigo explica como o cineasta austríaco Michael Haneke resgata, estende e atualiza a experiência neorrealista no longa-metragem Funny Games (1997). Com base na discussão empreendida, constata-se que, assim como os realizadores neorrealistas transformaram os personagens em personagens-espectadores, Haneke atribui aos espectadores o papel de espectadores-personagens, submetendo-os a situações óticas e sonoras puras que dificultam qualquer reação.
Caça aos espelhos: o potencial de significados que emerge em autorretratos de Vivian Maier
Authors: Costa Márcia Rodrigues da , Drigo Maria Ogécia
Published: July 2018

Busca-se compreender o autorretrato como representação que engendra intenções do fotógrafo e do dispositivo e explicitar os sentidos assim neles engendrados por meio de quatro autorretratos de Vivian Maier, produzidos com o uso de espelhos. Deciframos fotografias conforme Flusser, refletimos sobre o autorretrato por meio de Dubois e de Barthes.
A Breakdown in the Special Theory of Relativity Demonstrated Based on an Elucidation of the Relativity of Time
Authors: Suto Koshun
Published: July 2018

In the thought experiment in this paper, we consider inertial frames M and A moving at constant velocity relative to each other. First, a light signal is emitted from inertial frame M toward inertial frame A when the time on a clock in inertial frame M is 1 (s). In the scenario of this paper, that light arrives at inertial frame A when time on the clock in A is 2 (s). Next, the situation is reversed, and a light signal is emitted from inertial frame A toward inertial frame M when the time in inertial frame A is 1 (s). That light arrives at inertial frame M when the time in M is 2 (s). According to the special theory of relativity (STR), the two inertial frames are equivalent, and thus it is not surprising that symmetric experiment results are obtained. However, it has already been pointed out that, among the coordinate systems regarded by Einstein as inertial frames, there are “classically stationary frames” where light propagates isotropically, and “classically moving frames” where light propagates anisotropically. If a classically stationary frame is incorporated into a thought experiment, it becomes easier to predict the experiment results. This paper elucidates a system whereby symmetrical experiment results can be obtained, even if the two coordinate systems are not equivalent. If one attempts to explain such experiment results from the standpoint of the STR, it ironically requires the use of logic that is unacceptable under the STR. Thus, this paper explains those experiment results by using logic different from the STR, and demonstrates the breakdown in the STR.
The harbor of Berenike in the early Roman period: overview of the excavations from 2009 to 2015; with Appendix: The pottery evidence
Authors: Zych Iwona
Published: July 2018

Excavations by the American–Polish project in Berenike on the Red Sea, co-directed from 2008 by Steven E. Sidebotham (University of Delaware) and Iwona Zych (PCMA University of Warsaw), have aimed at uncovering and reconstructing the ancient landscape of the southwestern embayment, tentatively identified as the harbor of the Hellenistic and early Roman city, and its immediate vicinity. A review of the evidence from the excavation of several trenches in this area paints a picture of the bay—still incomplete—and contributes to a reconstruction of the cultural and economic landscape, the "lived experience" of the town's inhabitants and incoming merchants and sailors during the heyday of "Imperial" Berenike, that is, in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD.
FILOSOFIA COMO POLITICA CULTURAL: REDESCRIÇÕES, IDENTIDADE E COMUNIDADES INCLUSIVAS
Authors: Vitória Paulo Andrade
Published: July 2018

No presente artigo defendo a tese rortyana de que as relações de poder serão mais justas se começarmos a nos redescrevermos linguisticamente de maneira nova, criando um padrão de conduta linguístico que, se adotado, promova formas apropriadas de comportamento não linguístico. Para tanto, abordo a concepção de jogos de linguagem do segundo Wittgenstein, que nos permite extrair a tese de que a linguagem é contingente. Defender o caráter contingente da linguagem é simplesmente defender o caráter natural, social e histórico da linguagem. Apresento a ideia de McDowell de que a entrada em um jogo de linguagem significa a entrada no espaço das razões. Como Rorty, acredito que a identidade humana pode ser redescrita se adotarmos novas formas de descrevermos a nós mesmos e às nossas instituições políticas. A sugestão do presente artigo é de que devemos adotar vocabulários ou jogos de linguagem que incluam termos e discursos capazes de promoverem a tolerância e o diálogo e excluam discursos de ódio e preconceito, o que pode levar a construção de sociedades mais inclusivas.
SSITUAÇÃO, SUBJETIVIDADE E APELO EM PYRRHUS ET CINÉAS DE SIMONE DE BEAUVOIR
Authors: Teixeira Nathan
Published: July 2018

Em seu primeiro ensaio filosófico, Pyrrhus et Cinéas, Simone de Beauvoir busca fundamentalmente marcar a indissolúvel interdependência da liberdade humana a partir do entrelaçamento das situações.  Temos ainda a colocação de que é a partir de sua noção de situação que abre-se um lugar privilegiado para compreensão da ambigüidade de nosso existir no mundo e ainda para a  contestação da aparente indiferença das ações frente à reflexão. Neste contexto emerge a compreensão de Beauvoir acerca das noções de situação, subjetividade e apelo, mostrando-se como centrais para a estrutura argumentativa de seu texto além de configurarem desde já uma modificação de algumas postulações ontológicas de Sartre. Portanto, tal texto é de suma importância para a compreensão do desenvolvimento de seu pensamento, e é neste viés que buscaremos oferecer uma leitura de Pyrrhus et Cinéas que permita a apresentação concisa da da significação destes termos, destacando-se sua importância para a caracterização do pensamento ético-existencial de Simone de Beauvoir
O SENTIDO ONTOLÓGICO DA ALTERIDADE SEGUNDO MERLEAU-PONTY
Authors: Santos Renato Dos
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo analisa a noção de alteridade nos últimos textos de Merleau-Ponty. Mostra, ainda, como o filósofo supera o problema do espírito, que sempre impediu a relação intersubjetiva, por meio da reabilitação ontológica da noção de estrutura, pensada como carne (La chair). A relação com o outro não recai mais na consciência da subjetividade, visto que ambos estão presos num mesmo tecido gestáltico, como quiasmas, de tal modo que toda realidade sensível é feita desse mesmo estofo primordial. A diferenciação, portanto, ocorre no próprio mundo enquanto figura sobre fundo.
A CRISE DA DEMOCRACIA SEGUNDO DERRIDA
Authors: Bellei Sérgio Luiz
Published: July 2018

Jacques Derrida entende a crise da democracia não em termos de um movimento histórico a ser superado por medidas corretivas, mas em termos de uma crise permanente provocada desde sempre por um sistema autoimune que ataca o organismo democrático a partir do seu interior. A forma privilegiada de combate a essa crítica permanente consiste na possibilidade de um porvir imprevisível e improgramável que foi objeto de questionamentos por representantes maiores da tradição marxista.
MULTIFOCAL APPROACH: UM NOVO PARADIGMA HERMENÊUTICO PARA A FILOSOFIA
Authors: De Melo Edvaldo Antonio , Pieterzack Cristiane
Published: July 2018

Trata-se do resenha do livro intitulado By the sophists to Aristotle through Plato, organizado pelos autores Elisabetta Cattanei, Arianna Fermani e Maurizio Migliori, e publicado pela Academia Verlag, Sankt Augustin, 2016, pp. 250. O livro é uma coletânea de artigos de pesquisadores da Universidade de Estudos de Macerata, Itália, especializados em filosofia antiga.
CIÊNCIA, UM MONSTRO: LIÇÕES TRENTINAS
Authors: Dutra Crysman
Published: July 2018

Publicado em língua portuguesa no ano de 2016, Ciência, um monstro: Lições trentinas contém uma série de palestras proferidas pelo físico e filósofo austríaco Paul Karl Feyerabend (1924-1994), que foi – juntamente com Karl Popper, Thomas Kuhn e Imre Lakatos – um dos filósofos da ciência mais respeitados do século XX. As conferências ocorreram entre os dias 4 e 8 de maio de 1992, na cidade de Trento, Itália. Além das quatro conferências que já estavam definidas, Feyerabend permitiu mais um encontro com o público, no qual foi feito um debate em que a plateia apresentava suas dúvidas e objeções quanto às palestras e às ideias anarquistas de Feyerabend. A edição brasileira foi traduzida por Rogério Bettoni e conta com um excelente artigo de abertura elaborado por Luiz Henrique de Lacerda Abrahão.
FACES DA CRISE CONTEMPORÂNEA: UMA LEITURA DA OBRA ESTADO DE CRISE DE ZYGMUNT BAUMAN E CARLO BORDONI
Authors: Máximo Teodoro Maria Cecília , Filgueiras Lacerda Gustavo Marcel
Published: July 2018

Resenha da obra Estado de Crise.
Propagação da Maré Salina em um Estuário Tropical Estrangulado, Ipojuca, NE-Brasil
Authors: LINS Sayonara Raíza R. M. , MEDEIROS Carmem
Published: July 2018

O rio Ipojuca figura dentre os rios Pernambucanos que sofreram maiores alterações em sua geometria/desembocadura e descargas fluviais. Este estudo enfoca a propagação da maré salina e o regime salino neste sistema. Os trabalhos abrangeram um levantamento morfobatimétrico, obtenção de perfis CTD e medições de correntes em períodos chuvoso (jun-ago/2017) e de estiagem (dez/17) em ciclos de sizígia e quadratura. O estuário é raso (-1,4 a 9,1m) em seus trechos superior e mediano, com profundidade média de 0,5m (0,4-9,5m) e presença de um canal central profundo e de bancos de areia emersos em seu trecho inferior. O estuário é do tipo 1b pelo sistema de classificação de Hansen and Rattray (1966), moderadamente estratificado e lateralmente homogêneo. O transporte salino é governado por processos difusivos, recebendo moderadas a elevadas descargas fluviais no período chuvoso e tendendo a parcialmente estratificado, com baixas entradas de água doce durante o período de estiagem. A excursão da maré salina alcança 2,0-5,7km para montante de sua desembocadura, sendo fortemente influenciada pelo regime das chuvas e secundariamente pelo ciclo das marés. A condição de barra estrangulada dificulta as trocas com a área costeira, a entrada das águas marinhas e a drenagem de águas de fundo.
Reseñas
Authors: Aparicio Rodríguez Luis , Criado Marcos , Pisarello Gerardo , García Aniza
Published: July 2018

RESEÑA de : Hoffmann, Hasso. Filosofía del Derecho y del Estado. Ed. Universidad Externado de Colombia. Bogotá: 2002 RESEÑA de : Bobbio, Norberto. Teoría general de la política.
Edición de Antonio de Cabo y Gerardo Pisarello. Editorial Trotta. Madrid: 2003 RESEÑA de : Sáenz Royo, Eva. Estado social y descentralización política : una perspectiva constitucional comparada de
EEUU, Alemania y España. Thomson-Civitas. Madrid: 2003 RESEÑA de : Abramovich, Víctor y Courtis, Christian. Los derechos sociales como derechos exigibles. Editorial Trotta. Madrid:
2002
¿El fin del garantismo? : la actualidad constitucional en EEUU en 2002
Authors: Criado Marcos , Cabo Antonio de
Published: July 2018

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La STS de 27 de marzo de 2003 de ilegalización de Batasuna : el Estado de Derecho penetra en Euskadi
Authors: Vírgala Foruria Eduardo
Published: July 2018

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RESEÑA de : Sarmiento Ramírez-Escudero, Daniel. Poder Judicial e integración europea : la construcción de un modelo jurisdiccional para la Unión. Madrid : Civitas, 2004
Authors: Azpitarte Sánchez Miguel
Published: July 2018

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RESEÑA de : Alberti Rovira, Enoch. El proyecto de nueva Constitución Europea : balance de los trabajos de la Convención sobre el Futuro de Europa, Valencia : Tirant lo Blanch, 2004
Authors: Gómez Lugo Yolanda
Published: July 2018

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Whose voice? : la actualidad constitucional en EEUU en 2004
Authors: Criado de Diego Marcos
Published: July 2018

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Discurso de la concordia
Authors: Alzaga Villaamil Óscar
Published: July 2018

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Encuesta sobre el orden sucesorio a la Corona
Authors: - -
Published: July 2018

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Reflexiones sobre la propuesta de nuevo Estatuto de Cataluña
Authors: Carreras Serra Francesc de
Published: July 2018

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Actualidad política y constitucional francesa (2004/2005)
Authors: Sánchez Navarro Ángel J.
Published: July 2018

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Los derechos fundamentales en la España del siglo XX
Authors: Varela Suanzes-Carpegna Joaquín
Published: July 2018

In this article I will study the idea, and especially the legal regulation and the real aplication of the constitutionnal rights in Spain during the XXth century. The main object of the article is giving a short and clear synthesis about this subject. I will mainly analyze two basic ideas: the content of the fundamental rights, in accordance with the classic distinction between civil, political and social rights; and the form used to protect those rights, that will require to study its legal aplication by courts, and its guarantees opposite of the legislative and executive powers.
La interdicción de discriminación por razón de orientación sexual. Comentario a la sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional 41/2006
Authors: Elvira Perales Ascensión
Published: July 2018

In his last book, Lorenzo Martín-Retortillo analyzes the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights regarding to religious freedom. What can we learn about this jurisprudence? According to the 10.2 of Spanish Constitution, provisions relating to the fundamental rights and liberties recognized by the Constitution shall be construed in conformity with the international treaties and agreements there on ratified by our State.
Dogmática de los derechos fundamentales y transformaciones del sistema constitucional
Authors: Pérez Luño Antonio Enrique
Published: July 2018

This essay studies the aspects that have contributed to the crisis of the theory of the fundamental rights inspired by the juridical positivism. The legal systems and, in particular, their normative sources, have been directly affected by the phenomenon of prevail of the state’s monopoly of creation of juridical norms. A deep change has been verified inside the legal systems that has been translated into a triple displacement: from the unit to the pluralism; from the fullness to the jurisdictional opening; and from the coherence to the argument. In this work these new phenomena and their repercussion are analyzed for the freedoms.
La muy discrecional doctrina del margen de apreciación nacional según el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos: soberanía e integración
Authors: García Roca Francisco Javier
Published: July 2018

The established case-law of European Court of Human Rights on margin of national appretiation is one of the capital criteria for reviewing the decision made by national authorities after a superficial examination of the facts. Its application is very imprecise and discretionary, producing sometimes unpredictable, astonishing even contradictory effects. It corresponds more to the justice of case than a genuine general legal doctrine. Its current ground should be more in the considerable cultural pluralism of the peoples that take part of the Council of Europe than in the national (state) sovereignty, in view of the context of European integration, because the realities of the suppositions of fact should be integrated in the rights. But the Court itself and the scientific academic doctrine should make an effort in substituting this tool for other more accurate legal technique that may fulfil similar aims.
La autonomía privada y los derechos fundamentales : los intereses generales, mandato constitucional
Authors: López Pina Antonio
Published: July 2018

In this article the author meditates on the main problem of our societies, on which Tocqueville already pointed out what can be made so that in popular government‘s equitable society governs the empire of the law and not the despotism. Our architecture constitutional part of the private autonomy but this freedom can only reconcile with the freedom of the others ones when it is limited through the public interest. The author explains it with several examples.
Actualidad política y constitucional francesa (2006-2007)
Authors: Sánchez Navarro Angel
Published: July 2018

The last twelve months have been undoubtedly marked by the French electoral calendar. Despite of that, institutional life has continued, producing three new constitutional reforms (with particular reference to the constitutional prohibition of the death penalty), and some other legal changes which, sometimes submitted to the Constitutional Court, deserve some closer consideration.
Encuesta sobre derechos fundamentales
Authors: - -
Published: July 2018

t is approached in this survey the constitutional treatment of the fundamental rights. This way, for example, the systematic of the Title I of the Constitution, the nature of the principles rectors or the different approaches of the limitation of rights.
Repertorio bibliográfico sobre orientación y método del Derecho Constitucional
Authors: Alguacil González-Aurioles Jorge , Reviriego Picón Fernando
Published: July 2018

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Las leyes de acompañamiento y el problema de las "Leyes Ómnibus"
Authors: Giménez Sánchez Isabel M.
Published: July 2018

II Premio TRC
La progresiva equiparación al Estado como modelo autonómico: el caso de Andalucía
Authors: Fernández Alles José Joaquín
Published: July 2018

Las últimas reformas estatutarias confirman que el modelo autonómico español sigue más abierto que nunca y, en virtud de los nuevos contenidos asumidos por algunas Comunidades Autónomas, se dirige a la progresiva equiparación normativa, institucional y relacional con el Estado. Sentada la imposible equiparación total en la regulación de los derechos fundamentales (sólo regulable por Ley Orgánica) y en materia competencial (competencias exclusivas absolutas), en este artículo se describe y analiza el proceso de equiparación normativa, institucional y relacional que, a raíz de la aplicación de la LO 2/2007, de 19 de marzo, se suscitan en el desarrollo y aplicación del Estatuto de Autonomía para Andalucía en sus primeros años de vigencia: las potestades normativas con fuerza de ley (Decreto-Ley y Decreto-Legislativo), la más amplia Administración periférica de todas las Comunidades Autónomas, el entendimiento constitucional del bilateralismo y de los acuerdos sobre financiación, la igualdad de género como principio rector del derecho electoral y del sistema institucional, la participación autonómica en el proceso decisorio europeo y la intensa integración normativa del Reglamento del Parlamento de Andalucía.
Sobre la reforma del federalismo en Alemania
Authors: Häde Ulrich
Published: July 2018

Tras diversas modificaciones menores de la Ley Fundamental desde el año 1949, que condujeron a pocas novedades en las relaciones entre la Federación y los Länder, comenzó en el año 2003 la actual reforma del federalismo, que se ha llevado a cabo en dos fases. En la primera fase, concluida en 2006 bajo la Gran Coalición de Gobierno, el objetivo fue un reparto más claro de las competencias legislativas entre la Federación y los Länder y una reducción del número de Zustimmungsgesetze. La segunda fase de la reforma ha entrado en vigor en junio de 2009 y se ha centrado en las relaciones financieras entre la Federación y los Länder. Objeto central de la reforma ha sido una limitación a la capacidad de endeudamiento estatal, inspirada por el modelo europeo de disciplina presupuestaria, y que prohibirá a partir de 2020 el endeudamiento estructural de los Länder. Antes de esa fecha será necesario conseguir poner en práctica un nuevo sistema de compensación financiera que asegure que, también desde ese momento, la Federación y los Länder, en particular los del Este de Alemania, sigan disponiendo de medios suficientes para cumplir las tareas a ellos asignadas.
RESEÑA de: Aparicio Pérez, Miguel Ángel. Derechos, deberes y principios en los Estatutos de Autonomía
Authors: Alguacil González Aurioles Jorge
Published: July 2018

El libro defiende en un extenso capítulo introductorio la existencia de declaraciones de derechos en los Estatutos de Autonomía. La imposible disociación entre existencia de un poder público y el reconocimiento de derechos, en definitiva, lo explica. A continuación examina su alcance y efectos en las diversas reformas existentes.
El coste de los derechos fundamentales : un comentario de la STC 49/1999, de 5 de abril
Authors: Rodríguez Ruiz Blanca
Published: July 2018

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La causa de nulidad del artículo 62.1.a) de la Ley 30/1992, de 26 de noviembre, de Régimen Jurídico de las Administraciones Públicas y del Procedimiento Administrativo Común en la doctrina del Consejo de Estado
Authors: - -
Published: July 2018

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