bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of insecticides against basic potato’s phytophages under sprinkling and drip irrigation
Authors:   State Enterprise ", Melnychuk F.S. ,   Central Laboratory of Water and Soil Quality", Alekseeva S.A. ,   State Enterprise "Central Laboratory of Water and Soil Quality", Hordiienko O.V. ,   State Enterprise "Central Laboratory of Water and Soil Quality", Melnychuk L.M. ,   Institute of Water Problems and Reclamation of NAAS of Ukraine, Shatkovska K.B. ,   Institute of Water Problems and Reclamation of NAAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article summarizes the results of determining the effectiveness of insecticides against the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) and aphids (Aphididae) with various methods of their application. Tests of a wide range of drugs with different active substances have provided high rates of stored yield in the system of potatoes’ protection. The investigated preptns showed a high level of protection against damage of plants by the Colorado potato beetle, when processing potato tubers. So, the effectiveness of the Prestige insecticides, 290 FS, Emesto Quantum 273,5 FS and Celest Top 312,5 FS, in the phase of active growth of the culture was 91,2-97,6%, and the duration of the protective effect was much longer than in Cruiser 350 FS, l.s.c, where the death rate was 86,1%. The predominant method of insecticidal treatments is the spraying of the aerial parts of plants during the growing season, as a rule, during the period of mass revival and development of Colorado potato beetle larvae. The greatest efficacy of insecticides on day 3 was noted on the options with the introduction of Confidor, 20% w.s.c., Calypso, 48% s.c. and Enzhio, 24,7% s.c., respectively 99,5%, 99,2% and 99,3%. The largest decrease in the number and population of potato plant aphids was noted with the use of the sample Enzhio, 24,7% s.c. at the recommended consumption rate – 98,2%. Along with this, other methods of insecticides’ applications are being developed and improved, in particular, the introduction of preps with drip irrigation. The effectiveness of the insecticides Enzhio, 24,7% s.c., Confidor, 20% w.s.c., was on par with Calypso, 48% s.c. The lowest protection observed in the areas of Actara’s, 24% c.p. application. In a field assessment of the insecticide’ use against aphids on a drip irrigation, it was noted that, with the usage of the Enzhio, 24,7% s.c., the efficiency was 99,4%. The use of other insecticides also contributed to a decrease in the population of potato plants by insect-pests and provided high protection at the level of 93,1-95,4%. Accordingly, the yield of potato tubers with the application of Enzhio, 24.7% s.c. was maximum and amounted to 29,7 t/ha.
Methods prognostication for description dynamics of Electronic Navigational Charts
Authors:   National university ", Шпилевский В.В. ,   Odessa maritime academy",   / Национальный университет ",   Одесская морская академия", Крупов И.В.
Published: December 2020

n presented research, there are some explanations about mechanisms of using natural processes to make forecast of changes in bottom topography in shallow water under navigation conditions. The key factor is the development of programs that can track changes in natural processes with displaying and fixation on electronic devices. Any research should preferably be carried out considering changes of the object over time and under the influence of various factors simultaneously and dynamically. In the article dynamic processes are divided into "significant" and "insignificant".
Marine diesels mechanical charging driving improvement through overrunning-safety clutch application
Authors:   National university ", Проценко Владислав Олександрович ,   Odessa maritime academy",   / Национальный университет ",   Одесская морская академия", Малащенко Володимир Олександрович
Published: December 2020

Article deals with marine diesels mechanical charging driving protecting problem. On the base of marine diesel EMD 710G overrunning clutch construction analysis its disadvantages were highlighted. Main of them is the principle of working load transfer by friction forces. That is the reason of clutch skidding in operation and charging efficiency degradation. A new design of the safety-overrunning clutch for marine diesels mechanical charging driving, based on the principle of engagement is proposed. In new overrunning-safety clutch construction, which protected by patent, the overrunning and safety parts are mutually integrated. Clutch operations on the overrunning and overload modes are described. On the basis of ball acting forces on steady motion description expressions for its static balance are obtained. Those static balance expressions were the basis for coupling nominal working torque ratios receiving. On the next stage ball forces balance on the overload mode was analyzed. As a result of those stage studies expressions for calculating overload spring deformation, torques of the beginning and ending of its operation are obtained. On the basis of clutch nominal torque, torques of beginning and ending operation the ratios for assessing the main operational characteristics of the coupling when operating in overload mode are obtained - coefficients for exceeding the nominal torque, response accuracy and sensibility.
Application of Optical Switches in ship’s data transfer systems
Authors:   National university ", Рябцов А.В. ,   Odessa maritime academy",   / Национальный университет ",   Одесская морская академия"
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the usage of optical switches in ship's automated systems to increase the noise immunity of transmitted information. Ship’s sizes enlargement leads to the lengthening of communication lines. This causes the increasement of noises and electromagnetic interference to the signals in cable lines. Traditional methods of interference protection are becoming ineffective. Therefore, fiber-optic communication lines (FOCL) are used onboard the ships, where information is distributed in the form of modulated light pulses. Theoretically it makes possible to eliminate the interference at all. Also it increases the noise immunity of transmitted information in the main communication lines of ship’s systems. However, other sections of ship communications remain wired and are still subjected to interference. The usage of FOCL in all sections of ship communication lines is still impossible due to the high cost of optoelectronic switching equipment, where the principle of double conversion is used.
Study of enhancing thermo-hydraulic performance of turbulent flow inside a tube occupied with central cut twisting tapes
Authors: S. Mushatet Khudheyer , A. Rishak Qais , H. Fagr Mohsen
Published: December 2020

The present 3D numerical study was performed to show the effects of the length of central cut twisting tape (CCTT) on the characteristics of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic fields when this tape is inserted inside a tube in which, air is flows in turbulent pattern. Central cut twisting tapes of the same cut ratio (c = C/D) of 0.4 and four different length ratio (LR = l/L) of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 were inserted in the tested tube that subjected to a uniform heat flux. The range of Reynolds number of air flow was 10000 ? Re ? 40000. Fluent in ANSYS 15 was used for problem designing, formulation and results obtaining in the present study. Finite volume method was the discretization method and tetrahedral type of mesh element was used. RNG k-? was chosen as the turbulent model. The obtained results showed that the increasing in Reynolds number leads to an increasing in Nusselt number and a decreasing in both friction factor and thermal performance factor. Also, these results cleared that the increasing in the length ratio of the studied type of twisting tape gives higher Nessult number, friction factors and thermal performance factor of 171.172, 0.0932 and 1.432 respectively
Study The Performance of Double-Acting Stirling Engine
Authors: J.Hansh Zahra , J.Abd Haider
Published: December 2020

In this paper, study and design of double acting Stirling engine with one piston conducted .The thermodynamic analysis was developed by using MATLAB program for predict the periodic variation of pressure, specific volumes. The performance prediction of the double-acting Stirling engine was developed using ANSYS 18.2 program. This theoretical study mainly studies the influence of the engine parameter (charge pressure) on the engine performances (engine speed, torque, and power output). The performance of the engine was examined for different values ??of the charge pressures (1, 3, 6 bar). The results indicated the maximum power and torque 117.8 W, 2.5404 N.m at 443 rpm when the charge pressure was 6 bars
News Coverage of Child Labor Issue in Pakistani Press: A Comparative Analysis of Daily Dawn and Daily Jang
Authors: Ali Adnan , Rehman Arshad , Hassan Khayam
Published: December 2020

The aim of this research was to evaluate child labor issue in the news coverage of in mainstream Pakistani press. The study also examined the news about awareness and education of the public towards the child labor issue. Quantitative content analysis was done for collection of data. A comparative study was conducted, where the news of the front and back page of the daily Dawn (English) and daily Jang (Urdu) were analyzed through purposive sampling technique from January 1st, 2016 to June 30th, 2016. The study revealed that the issue had not given more coverage, the newspapers had published more news single column, the government organizations had given more information instead of non-government organizations, and both newspapers had given more news about the violation of the child labor rights. While to educate and aware the public less coverage had been given.
BESTE FORMUNDA ÇEMBER USÛLÜNDE BESTELENMİŞ ESERLERİN USÛL-ARUZ-EZGİ İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: KARAMAN Sibel , YILMAZ Nurten
Published: December 2020

In this article, a case study was carried out on the harmony of usûl (rhythmic pattern) with aruz (meter), and melody with lyrics of çenber usûl compositions from the oral works of classical Turkish music composed in the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Documentary screening and document review methods were used in the study. Seventy-two notes of the work were found in the documentary screening. Except for one of the works in the beste form, the rhythms were identified and divided into groups. According to the findings obtained, the distribution of the works belonging to the classified rhythms in the tempo schematics and the melody-tempo relationship according to the course of the melody were shown. At the end of the research it was found that 56 of the works composed in the çenber usûl are fâ'ilâtün / fâ'ilâtün / fâ'ilâtün / fâ'ilün; 9 of the works are mefâ'îlün / mefâ'îlün / mefâ'îlün / mefâ'îlün / mefâ'îlün, 4 are fe'ilâtün / fe'ilâtün / fe'ilâtün / fe'ilün(fâ'il); 1 mefâ'il / fe'ilâtün / mefâ'ilün / fe'ilün and 1 of them were in the of mef'ûlü / fâ'ilâtü / mefâ'îlü / fâ'il rhythm, and that the tempos are compatible with the lyrics, as well as with the melodies.
Change of air temperature in Crimea
Authors: Gorbunov Roman V. , Gorbunova Tatiana Yu. , Drygval Anna V. , Tabunshchik Vladimiir A.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of spatial and temporal dynamics research of the air temperature fields on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula due to the change of circulation epochs and periods of the Northern Hemisphere. Average multiannual maps of air temperature on the Crimean Peninsula for each circulating epoch and period were obtained, as well as maps of temperature fields dynamics at their change. Based on the obtained analysis of the maps it was found out that change in air temperature occurred not synchronously, but had its own characteristics in different regions of the Crimean Peninsula, which is explained by the influence of local factors. Zones characterized by constant maximum air temperatures in all considered periods have been recorded. It was found that during the instrumental observations on the Crimean Peninsula the warming occurred by 1 °C. This warming was occurring during the last circulation period.
Integrating Safety-II into Safety Management
Authors: Wäfler Toni , Gugerli Rahel , Nisoli Giulio
Published: December 2020

We all aim for safe processes. However, providing safety is a complex endeavour. What is it that makes a process safe? And what is the contribution of humans? It is very common to consider humans a risk factor prone to errors. Therefore, we implement sophisticated safety management systems (SMS) in order to prevent potential "human failure". These SMS provide an impressive increase of safety. In safety science this approach is labelled "Safety-I", and it starts to be questioned because humans do not show failures only. On the contrary, they often actively contribute to safety, sometimes even by deviating from a procedure. This "Safety-II" perspective considers humans to be a "safety factor" as well because of their ability to adjust behaviour to the given situation. However, adaptability requires scope of action and this is where Safety-I and Safety-II contradict each other. While the former restricts freedom of action, the latter requires room for manoeuvring. Thus, the task of integrating the Safety-II perspective into SMS, which are traditionally Safety-I based, is difficult. This challenge was the main objective of our project. We discovered two methods that contribute to the quality of SMS by integrating Safety-II into SMS without jeopardizing the Safety-I approach.
A Simple and Efficient Tensor Calculus for Machine Learning
Authors: Laue Sören , Mitterreiter Matthias , Giesen Joachim
Published: December 2020

Computing derivatives of tensor expressions, also known as tensor calculus, is a fundamental task in machine learning. A key concern is the efficiency of evaluating the expressions and their derivatives that hinges on the representation of these expressions. Recently, an algorithm for computing higher order derivatives of tensor expressions like Jacobians or Hessians has been introduced that is a few orders of magnitude faster than previous state-of-the-art approaches. Unfortunately, the approach is based on Ricci notation and hence cannot be incorporated into automatic differentiation frameworks from deep learning like TensorFlow, PyTorch, autograd, or JAX that use the simpler Einstein notation. This leaves two options, to either change the underlying tensor representation in these frameworks or to develop a new, provably correct algorithm based on Einstein notation. Obviously, the first option is impractical. Hence, we pursue the second option. Here, we show that using Ricci notation is not necessary for an efficient tensor calculus and develop an equally efficient method for the simpler Einstein notation. It turns out that turning to Einstein notation enables further improvements that lead to even better efficiency.

The methods that are described in this paper for computing derivatives of matrix and tensor expressions have been implemented in the online tool www.MatrixCalculus.org .
Severity Distribution of Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Yuan Jing , Maserejian Nancy , Liu Yulin , Devine Sherral , Gillis Cai , Massaro Joseph , Au Rhoda
Published: December 2020

Background: Studies providing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prevalence data have largely neglected to characterize the proportion of AD that is mild, moderate, or severe. Estimates of the severity distribution along the AD continuum, including the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage, are important to plan research and allocate future resources, particularly resources targeted at particular stages of disease. Objective: To characterize the distribution of severity of AD dementia and MCI among prevalent cases in the population-based Framingham Heart Study. Methods: Participants (aged 50–94) with prevalent MCI or AD dementia clinical syndrome were cross-sectionally selected from three time-windows of the population-based Framingham Heart Study in 2004-2005 (n = 381), 2006-2007 (n = 422), and 2008-2009 (n = 389). Summary estimates of the severity distribution were achieved by pooling results across time-windows. Diagnosis and severity were assessed by consensus dementia review. MCI-progressive was determined if the participant had documented progression to AD dementia clinical syndrome using longitudinal data. Results: Among AD dementia participants, the pooled percentages were 50.4%for mild, 30.3%for moderate, and 19.3%for severe. Among all MCI and AD participants, the pooled percentages were 29.5%, 19.6%, 25.7%, and 45.2%for MCI-not-progressive, MCI-progressive, mild AD dementia, and the combined group of MCI-progressive and mild AD dementia, respectively. Distributions by age and sex were presented. Conclusion: The finding that half of the people living with AD have mild disease underscores the need for research and interventions to slow decline or prevent progression of this burdensome disease.
Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 (APOE ɛ4) Allele is Associated with Long Sleep Duration Among Elderly with Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Basta Maria , Zaganas Ioannis , Simos Panagiotis , Koutentaki Eirini , Dimovasili Christina , Mathioudakis Lambros , Bourbouli Mara , Panagiotakis Symeon , Kapetanaki Stefania , Vgontzas Alexandros
Published: December 2020

Background: Apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) ɛ4 allele increases the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Furthermore, among patients with cognitive impairment, longer sleep duration is associated with worse cognitive performance. To date, literature examining the associations between APOE ɛ4 allele and objective sleep duration is limited. Objective: Our aim was to assess the association between APOE ɛ4 and objective sleep duration, among patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. A sub-sample of 89 patients with AD (n = 49) and MCI (n = 40) were recruited from a large, population-based cohort of 3,140 elders (>60 years) residing on Crete, Greece. Methods: All participants underwent medical history/physical examination, extensive neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological evaluation, 3-day 24 h actigraphy and APOE ɛ4 allele genotyping. Comparisons of sleep duration variables between APOE ɛ4 allele carriers and non-carriers were assessed using ANCOVA, controlling for confounders. Results: The sample included 18 APOE ɛ4 carriers and 71 non-carriers, aged 78.6±6.6 and 78.2±6.5 years, respectively. Comparisons between the APOE ɛ4 carriers and non-carriers revealed no significant differences in terms of demographic and clinical variables. In terms of objective sleep duration across the two groups, APOE ɛ4 carriers compared to non-carriers had significantly longer nighttime Total Sleep Time (nTST) (7.7±1.4 versus 7.2±1.3  h, respectively, p = 0.011), as well as 24 h TST (8.5±1.6 versus 7.8±1.5  h, respectively, p = 0.012). Conclusion: Among patients with MCI and AD, APOE ɛ4 carriers have longer objective nighttime and 24 h sleep duration compared to non-carriers. These findings further support that objective long sleep duration is a genetically-driven pre-clinical marker associated with worse prognosis in elderly with cognitive impairment.
Space reconstruction of audiovisual media based on artificial intelligence and virtual reality
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxiong , Ye Sizhan
Published: December 2020

In the electronic age, the changes in the mirror space constructed by movies are also brought about by changes in the media. Cinematic space is a four-dimensional space illusion including time created by the use of light and shadow, color, perspective, sound, and the movement of characters and cameras. It is not a real four-dimensional space, but a reflection and reproduction of the real space. With the goal of improving the accuracy of spatially coded structured light 3D reconstruction, this paper conducts in-depth research on several key technologies that affect the reconstruction accuracy and makes corresponding innovations and improvements. Moreover, this paper respectively proposes an adaptive structured light spatial coding algorithm based on geometric features and a color structured light decoding algorithm based on color shift technology. In addition, this paper implements a spatially coded structured light three-dimensional reconstruction system and calibration system. The simulation research shows that the method in this paper has certain reliability.
Research on the improvement of teachers’ teaching ability based on machine learning and digital twin technology
Authors: Siyan Chen , Tinghuai Wang , Xiaomei Li , Liu Zhu , Danying Wu
Published: December 2020

The qualitative analysis results of teachers’ abilities are difficult to quantify, and ability problems in the teaching process are difficult to be effectively measured. In order to study methods to improve teachers’ teaching abilities, this paper builds a corresponding teacher competence evaluation model based on machine learning and digital twin technology, establishes a data collection model for teachers’ professional competence, and establishes a data fusion model. It includes data cleaning model based on XML information template, data integration model, multi-index screening mechanism and clustering strategy based on perturbation attributes. On this basis, this paper uses decision tree algorithm, random forest algorithm and neural network algorithm to construct three scheduling rule mining models aiming at teachers’ professional ability. In addition, this paper establishes a digital twin-driven multi-knowledge model scheduling optimization architecture that uses the three scheduling rules mined. The research results show that the model constructed in this paper has good performance.
Simulation of public art communication in colleges based on smart cloud platform and artificial intelligence algorithm
Authors: Yingying Zhang
Published: December 2020

Public art communication in colleges and universities needs to be launched with the support of artificial intelligence systems. According to the current situation of public art communication in colleges and universities, this paper builds a smart cloud platform for public art communication in colleges and universities with the support of artificial intelligence algorithms. Moreover, this paper introduces the bandwidth offset coefficient to judge the change of network throughput, introduces the slice download rate difference to first judge the consistency change trend of bandwidth, and then further proposes the calculation method of bandwidth prediction value by situation. In addition, this paper proposes a flexible transmission mechanism based on smart collaborative networks. Through in-depth perception of network status and component behavior, this mechanism implements the selection of the optimal path in the network according to the current network status and user service requirements to complete the transmission of service resources. If the current transmission path fails, the mechanism should ensure the continuity and reliability of the service. The research results show that the system constructed in this paper has good performance and can be applied to practice.
Application of VR image recognition and digital twins in artistic gymnastics courses
Authors: Shi Tan
Published: December 2020

Because rhythmic gymnastics requires a combination of human movements and hand-held instruments, it is difficult to teach and requires high movement standards. Therefore, the actual course teaching is difficult. In order to improve the teaching efficiency of rhythmic gymnastics courses, based on VR image recognition technology and digital twins, this paper combines the actual teaching needs of rhythmic gymnastics to build a corresponding auxiliary teaching system. The sports database designed in this article mainly has three kinds of sports: difficulty movements, connecting movements and equipment movements. It is different from the traditional method in that each movement and the device-related connection movement correspond to a difficulty movement of the same length and close coordination, and the connection movement plays a role in smoothly connecting the two difficulty movements. In addition, the performance of the auxiliary teaching system constructed in this paper is studied through system experiments. The research results show that this system is feasible.
Real-time monitoring of physical education classroom in colleges and universities based on open IoT and cloud computing
Authors: Jianbang Guo , Changxin Sun
Published: December 2020

The teaching effect of college physical education classroom needs to be combined with artificial intelligence system. From the actual situation, the current college physical education classroom is mostly based on manual teaching and manual management, so the teaching effect is not good. In order to change the traditional teaching mode and improve the classroom detection effect, based on the open Internet of Things and cloud computing technology, this paper builds a real-time monitoring system of college physical education classroom, and proposes a number of new and improved algorithms, which provide a theoretical and technical basis for the application of automatic identity positioning in large scenes. Moreover, this study obtains field scenes through field image data collection and field data processing, and then combines the regional scenes with field measured data to verify accuracy and trends to obtain students’ morphological characteristics. In addition, this paper designs practical experiments to verify the system performance. The research results show that the intelligent system constructed in this paper has certain effects and can be applied to physical education.
Over-ground robotic lower limb exoskeleton in neurological gait rehabilitation: User experiences and effects on walking ability
Authors: Jyräkoski Taina , Merilampi Sari , Puustinen Juha , Kärki Anne
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

Over-ground robotic lower limb exoskeletons are safe and feasible in rehabilitation with individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and stroke. Information about effects on stroke rehabilitees is scarce and descriptions of learning process and user experience is lacking.

OBJECTIVE:

The objectives of this study were to describe how rehabilitees learn exoskeleton use, to study effects of exoskeleton assisted walking (EAW) training, and to study rehabilitees’ user experiences.

METHODS:

One-group pre-test post-test pre-experimental study involved five rehabilitees with stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants in chronic phase underwent twice a week an 8-week training intervention with Indego exoskeleton. Process of learning to walk and the level of assistance were documented. Outcome measurements were conducted with 6-minute and 10-meter walk tests (6 MWT, 10 mWT). User experience was assessed with a satisfaction questionnaire.

RESULTS:

Rehabilitees learnt to walk using the exoskeleton with the assistance from 2–3 therapists within two sessions and progressed individually. Three participants improved their results in 10 mWT, four in 6 MWT. The rehabilitees felt comfortable and safe when using and exercising with the device.

CONCLUSION:

Indego exoskeleton may be beneficial to gait rehabilitation with chronic stroke or TBI rehabilitees. The rehabilitees were satisfied with the exoskeleton as a rehabilitation device.
A Cognitive Poetic Analysis of Yahya Kemal’s ‘Silent Ship’
Authors: BAŞ Melike
Published: December 2020

This study is a cognitive stylistic/poetic analysis of one of Turkish literature’s best-known poems ‘Sessiz Gemi’ (Silent Ship) by Yahya Kemal Beyatlı. More specifically, based on the premises of Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980) and Conceptual Blending Theory (Fauconnier & Turner, 1998, 2002), the study aims to identify the conceptual devices and strategies used in the construction and interpretation of the poem. The analysis reveals that the poem is rich in conceptual projections and symbols, which make the whole poem an allegory for the concept of ‘death’. Within the frame of JOURNEY, a blend is constructed between the sea voyage and the abstract concept of death, which entails several conceptualizations that match with the metaphors CHANGE OF STATE IS CHANGE OF LOCATION, DEATH IS GOING TO A FINAL DESTINATION and DEATH IS REST proposed by Lakoff and Turner (1989). The study reveals that a cognitive poetic approach to literary texts is significant in disclosing the conceptual processes the human mind undergoes to sort out the composition of the text by the writer and decomposition by the readers.
Formative Assessment Performed by High School Teachers in the Pandemic Era
Authors: Robiasih Hasti , Lestari Titi
Published: December 2020

AbstractAssessment is an integral part of the learning and teaching process. Effective formative assessment is intended to improve students’ achievement and raise teacher’s quality. However, qualified formative assessment is rarely performed in a real classroom in this pandemic era. This paper describes how senior and vocational high school teachers conduct a formative assessment in this pandemic era. It focuses primarily on the type of task and activity offered, language skills and components covered, the fulfillment of good criteria of assessment, the development of students’ critical thinking, also the strengths and weaknesses of the assessment. The data collected by means of documents assessment created by the teachers. Data analysis was conducted by employing Miles, Huberman, and Saldana’s theory. The results indicate the teachers conducted formative assessment mostly via Google Classroom and WhatsApp. In assessing speaking and reading, teachers provide various texts followed dominantly by multiple choices tests. In writing, students are assigned to share their feeling and opinion about a movie or current topic and write texts based on picture series. Teachers also employed form-focused grammar activities. It is evident that some tasks promote students’ critical thinking. However, some tasks are not well-constructed in terms of suitability with basic competence, time allotment, and the level of difficulties. Therefore, it is questionable whether the purpose to make changes to instruction can be achieved or not.Keywords: changes to instruction, formative assessment, Google Classroom, pandemic era
Nominal suffixes as markers of information structure in Basketo
Authors: Inui Hideyuki
Published: December 2020

This paper deals with the information function of two nominal suffixes, -i appearing in all
nouns, and -n- in first- and second-person pronouns in Basketo, a North Omotic language
predominantly spoken in the Basketo Special Woreda in Ethiopia. The suffix -i is often
described as nominative. However, object nouns without definite marker can be marked
by -i, and as a result -i can appear in both subject and object in the same sentence. We
analyze morpheme -i as a marker of specificity. Suffix -n- distinguishes short and long
forms of the first- and second-person subject pronoun. The short form is the same as the
possessive. In general, the possessive does not bear any pragmatic information in discourse.
Therefore, short pronouns also show no pragmatic function, but show what is
subject or agent in a clause. On the other hand, long pronouns are morphologically and
pragmatically marked. We analyze morpheme -n- as the foregrounded topic in discourse
in contrast with zero anaphora.
Returning to Public Transit after an Epidemic
Authors: Rauws Robin , van Lierop Dea
Published: December 2020

The present study assesses the effect of COVID-19 related measures on public transit loyalty distinguishing between captive, choice and captive-by-choice riders. Results demonstrate that, due to fear of infection, users expect to use public transit less than before the onset of COVID-19 and report expected increases in the use of (electric) bicycles, (shared) cars and scooters. In addition, car ownership, gender, travel frequency and the possibility to work from home are other significant drivers of public transit loyalty. These findings contrast with research conducted pre-COVID-19, in which user satisfaction was commonly the most important driver of loyalty.
SAÚDE DOCENTE: LICENÇAS MÉDICAS EM PROFESSORES DA REGIÃO LESTE DA REDE MUNICIPAL DE CAMPINAS/SP
Authors: Silva Marcell Rezende
Published: December 2020

Diversas pesquisas têm analisado a saúde docente, dada a importância social destes profissionais. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar as principais causas de licenças médicas em professores da região leste da rede municipal de Campinas/SP, destacando os professores de Educação Física. Utilizamos como instrumento um questionário autoaplicado e optamos pela metodologia quantitativa de pesquisa. 57 professores responderam à pesquisa e 44% solicitaram ao menos uma licença, sendo 52% dessas com duração de cinco dias ou mais. As principais causas foram: doenças do aparelho respiratório (54%), dengue (9%), distúrbios psíquicos (8%) e problemas osteomusculares (8%). Ao relacioná-las com a disciplina e o nível de ensino, não obtivemos diferenças significativas. Destacamos que as demandas provocadas pela pandemia potencializaram os agravos negativos sobre a saúde docente, o que demanda um olhar mais sensível para esses profissionais além de pesquisas específicas sobre professores de educação física.
BULLYING: O NÍVEL DE CONHECIMENTO SOBRE O TEMA POR PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA
Authors: Oliveira Paula Fernandes da Silva de
Published: December 2020

com a aprovação da Lei 13.185 de 2015, que institui o Programa de Combate à Intimidação Sistemática, clubes e instituições de ensino devem criar medidas de prevenção e combate ao bullying, principalmente por meio da conscientização de toda a comunidade escolar, a fim de diminuir os impactos causados por este fenômeno. A presente pesquisa nasceu de questionamentos sobre reflexões, posicionamentos e atitudes desses profissionais diante dos possíveis casos de bullying que ocorrem dentro de suas respectivas escolas, com o objetivo de investigar e analisar o nível de conhecimento legal e técnico dos 15 professores de Educação Física atuantes em instituições públicas e privadas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados mostram que as ações que envolvem este fenômeno nas escolas, necessitam com urgência de atenção, no que tange ao oferecimento de capacitações para os professores, e trabalhos de combate ao bullying que sejam mais eficazes.
CODECISÃO DE ESTUDANTES NO PLANEJAMENTO DE AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: temáticas escolhidas e sentimentos manifestados
Authors: Mandolini Ana Claudia Moura , Ferreira Lílian Aparecida
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo teve por objetivo identificar as temáticas escolhidas e os sentimentos manifestados por estudantes quando da participação no processo de codecisão do planejamento das aulas de Educação Física. A abordagem qualitativa da pesquisa se orientou pelo estudo exploratório. Os dados foram coletados através de rodas de conversas e questionário. Os participantes envolveram 17 alunos de uma turma de 5º ano. Os temas de interesse dos estudantes foram: handebol; curiosidades sobre a bola, ginástica rítmica, queimada, surfe, voleibol sentado, tango, basquetebol em cadeira de rodas. Quanto aos sentimentos, revelaram: felicidade, responsabilidade, ser valorizado, ter liberdade, curiosidade, timidez, indecisão, estar confuso. Tais evidências parecem ter potencializado a relação de valorização que foi estabelecida com os conhecimentos da Educação Física ao longo do processo, bem como, anunciam a relação de pessoalidade construída entre os alunos, tanto na partilha do ensino com o outro quanto na aprendizagem coletiva.
CORPOS E JUVENTUDES: redes tecidas por diálogos e afetos
Authors: Rodrigues Thayane de Araujo , Silva Bruna Vilhena Monteiro , Corrêa Ingrid Lourenço de Amorim , Melo Nayara Ribeiro da Silva , Correia Adriana Martins , Copolillo Martha
Published: December 2020

Este relato tem como objetivo apresentar a experiência do Projeto de ensino “O que pode um corpo?” que acontece na Universidade Federal Fluminense desde 2018. O relato tem como foco o trabalho desenvolvido com alguns jovens do ensino médio do Colégio Universitário Geraldo Achilles Reis (COLUNI). São encontros em forma de Oficinas planejadas e realizadas a partir de discussões que envolvem as juventudes e que transbordam para as aulas de Educação Física, como por exemplo, as problematizações acerca dos modelos e padrões corporais. A proposta é discutir a ausência de oportunidades para corpos periféricos que estão ocupando a educação pública, e as potencialidades desses corpos marginalizados pela sociedade. O projeto busca ampliar as visões acerca das potencialidades de corpos diversos, e o mesmo tem continuidade no ano de 2020.
ARCHITECTURAL SPACE OF TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENTS AS A MODERN LIVING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Bozhynskyi B.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the study of architectural-spatial and historical-cultural value of traditional settlements as objects of architecture and urban planning and the potential of their possible use in the formation of the habitat of modern settlements. Particular attention is paid to the definition of urban, architectural-planning and architectural-artistic features of the spatial organization of the living environment of traditional settlements. This is a kind of vector for further development and improvement of this environment as a holistic functional and aesthetic system that improves living standards, as well as economic, social and environmental security. In the twentieth century, Western architecture tended toward globalization, and in Eastern Europe, planned industrial construction was carried out - all these measures damaged the traditional architectural environment in European countries. Architecture has become insensitive to certain regional and national features, architectural objects have become identical and faceless, cities and towns have lost their national flavor - all this has impoverished the architectural environment. Now this faceless environment oppresses residents, complicates spatial identification. Architectural and construction activities, which avoid original features, have long deprived cities and villages of attractiveness. Settlements began to look like randomly layered, independent layers. To take into account national characteristics, you need to show correctness, respect and knowledge. Moreover, all this is leveled by the pursuit of material gain. At the same time, they talk about the search for harmony, but for some reason this harmony is sought in remote abstractions, although the direct path to it lies on the surface - in national architectural features that have a whole set of aesthetic and utilitarian means for such harmony, and even those produced for local natural environment for centuries. Also for centuries, each nation has worked out the set of elements that best suits its mentality and local conditions. The problem is only in the interest of specialists, in the will and in knowledge. However, despite a number of studies in this area, systemic knowledge is still lacking, which is often the reason for the lack of desire to apply traditional features in architecture, including in the architecture of modern settlements.
Að þekkja sinn vitjunartíma. Elías Mar, tvíkynhneigðin og fyrstu skáldsögurnar
Authors: Benediktsdóttir Ásta Kristín
Published: December 2020

Handritasafn rithöfundarins Elíasar Mar (1924–2007) veitir einstaka innsýn í hugarheim ungs tvíkynhneigðs rithöfundar um miðja 20. öld. Þar er meðal annars að finna minnisbækur og handrit sem varpa ljósi á þróun sjálfsmyndar Elíasar og skáldverka hans fram undir þrítugt. Í þessari grein er byggt á skjölunum og fjallað um „vitjunartíma“ Elíasar á síðari hluta fimmta áratugarins, þegar hann horfist í augu við að kynferðislegar langanir hans beinast að báðum kynjum og vinnur um leið einbeittur að því að skapa sér feril sem rithöfundur. Markmiðið með greininni er að marka Elíasi og skrifum hans stað í íslenskri hinsegin sögu, ekki síður en bókmenntasögu, og sýna hvernig þessar tvær hliðar á sjálfsmynd Elíasar – rithöfundurinn og tvíkynhneigðin – mótast á sama tíma og hafa áhrif hvor á aðra. Fjallað er um fyrstu tvær skáldsögur Elíasar, Eftir örstuttan leik (1946) og Man eg þig löngum (1949), tilurð þeirra og hlutverk í því ferli sem hefst þegar hann er óþekktur höfundur í tilvistarkreppu en segja má að því ferli ljúki árið 1950 þegar hann hefur gefið út fjórar bækur og er í þann mund að verða hluti af þekktu samfélagi bóhema og kynvillinga á Laugavegi 11. Sama ár stígur hann enn fremur fram sem hinsegin rithöfundur þegar hann skrifar grein í íslenskt tímarit þar sem hann krefst þess af lesendum að þeir horfist í augu við „ástina sem ekki þorir að nefna nafn sitt“ og sýni fjölbreytileika mannlífsins virðingu.
Ekki eins og það á að vera. Merking syndahugtaksins í kristinni trúarhefð fyrr og nú
Authors: Guðmundsdóttir Arnfríður
Published: December 2020

Í greininni verður rakin sagan af þróun syndahugtaksins í kristinni trúarhefð, með áherslu á hugmyndir sem tengjast siðbótarmanninum Marteini Lúther og guðfræðinga sem byggðu á siðbótarhugmyndum hans. Það sem einkennir helst hugmyndir Lúthers er sá greinarmunur sem hann gerði á syndahugtakinu í eintölu og fleirtölu, þar sem eintalan vísar til ástands og fleirtalan til verka sem eru afleiðinginar hins synduga ástands. Sá guðfræðingur fornkirkjunnar sem hafði mest áhrif á Lúther var Ágústínus biskup í Hippó, en í svari sínu til Erasmusar frá Rotterdam byggði Lúther á kenningum Ágústínusar um erfðasyndina og ánauð viljans. Í kjölfar upplýsingarinnar var farið að efast um að viðteknar hugmyndir um syndina stæðust skoðun en gagnrýnin beindist einkum að hugmyndinni um erfðasyndina.

Á 20. öld komu fram ferskar hugmyndir um syndina hjá guðfræðingum sem meðal annars voru undir sterkum áhrifum frá tilvistarheimspekinni. Milli 1960 og 1970 urðu kaflaskil í kristinni trúarhefð með tilkomu guðfræðinga sem kölluðu eftir róttækri endurskoðun á guðfræðikenningum liðinna alda í ljósi sögulegra aðstæðna, þar með talið túlkun syndahugtaksins. Í lok greinarinnar verður sjónum beint að túlkun tveggja guðfræðinga sem fjalla um merkingu og hlutverk syndarinnar í samhengi kristinnar trúar í upphafi 21. aldar, út frá sjónarhorni femínískrar og hinsegin (e. queer) guðfræði.
Tüketicilerin organik gıdalar hakkında bakış açılarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Özkan Sibel , Sağlam Zuhal Aydan
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma bireylerin organik gıdalara karşı bilgi, bilinç düzeylerini değerlendirip; tüketiciye organik gıda seçimi ve tercihi konusunda yeni bir bakış açısı kazandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Araştırma Şubat-Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında İstanbul ili Kadıköy ilçesi Kozyatağı, Erenköy, Caddebostan, Fikirtepe, Göztepe ve Koşuyolu semtlerinde halk pazarları ve marketlere gelen 18 yaş ve üzeri toplam 370 yetişkin erkek ve kadın bireyin organik gıdalara karşı bakış açılarını değerlendirmek amacı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılara araştırmacı tarafından anket uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmada kadın ve erkek bireylerin %84 ü şimdiye kadar organik gıda satın almıştır. Ek olarak bireylerin %89.3’ü organik gıdayı sağlıklı olduğu için tercih ettiklerini belirmiştir. Ancak bireylerin %95 i organik tarım logosu ve organik gıda hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıkları tespit edilmiştir.  Araştırmada kişilerin organik gıdaların sağlığa olumlu etkilerinin olduğunu düşünme durumları ile eğitim durumları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık vardır. Her eğitim seviyesindeki katılımcı, organik gıdanın sağlığa etkisinin olumlu olduğunu büyük oranda düşünmektedirler. Ancak organik gıda tanımı ile bireylerin eğitim seviyesi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki yoktur. Sonuç: Tüketicilerin organik gıdalara bakış açıları değerlendirilirken bireylerin daha fazla bilgilendirilmeye ve yönlendirilmeye ihtiyacı vardır. Doğru bilgilendirme ve yönlendirme ile organik tarım güçlenecektir. Bunlara ek olarak doğa ve insan sağlığı korunacak, gelecek nesillere iyi bir dünya bırakılabilecektir.
Macroalgae composition alters occupancy of multiple bird guilds in rocky intertidal communities
Authors: Johnston EM , Klemmer AJ , Blomberg EJ , Baron A , Watson VK , Tudor L , Welch LJ , Olsen BJ
Published: December 2020

In the north Atlantic, rocky intertidal shores with diverse macroalgal assemblages are common. Despite this, the effect of macroalgae on bird use of these habitats is not well understood. We used a single-season, single-species occupancy framework to investigate the influence of the macroalgal assemblage on 3 bird guilds and 2 single-species groups: shorebirds (waders), scavengers, divers, common eiderSomateria mollissimanon-parenting adults, and common eider broods. In particular, we considered whether bird occupancy is more strongly determined by the taxonomic composition of the macroalgal assemblage or by structural characteristics of the collective assemblage. We conducted avian point counts and intertidal habitat surveys at 75 sites along the Maine (USA) coast in 2016 and 2017. Macroalgae increased the probability of site occupancy for 1 guild and 2 single-species groups. Most notably, we found that shorebird occupancy had a positive relationship with the spatial extent and mat depth ofAscophyllum nodosum, indicating a preference for more homogeneous and deeper macroalgal assemblages dominated by this common, tall-canopied taxon. In contrast, common eider presence had a positive relationship with the spatial extent of 2 categories of shorter-canopied macroalgae that are less dominant members of the macroalgal assemblage. Both shorebirds and eiders were less likely to occur in areas with steeper intertidal slopes, which provide less potential habitat during low tides. Overall, our results suggest that macroalgae composition and availability influences bird occupancy in rocky intertidal habitats, but more mechanistic studies (e.g. behavioral) are needed to understand the exact role macroalgae play in coastal bird ecology.
Hepatic LC3 II/I ratio is not modulated in exercised mice
Authors: Marafon B.B. , Pinto A.P. , Da Rocha A.L. , Rovina R.L. , Pauli J.R. , De Moura L.P. , Cintra D.E. , Ropelle E.R. , Da Silva A.S.R.
Published: December 2020

Autophagy plays an essential role in body homeostasis achievement. One of the main proteins involved in this process is the LC3I, which, after lipidation, leads to the formation of LC3II that participates in the formation and maturation of autophagosome. This descriptive study verified the responses of LC3II to LC3I proteins, as well as the time-course of this ratio in mice livers after different types of acute physical exercise protocols. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were maintained three per cage with controlled temperature (22±2 °C) on a 12:12-h light-dark normal cycle with food (Purina chow) and water ad libitum. Mice were randomly divided into four groups: control (CT, sedentary mice), resistance (RE, submitted to a single bout of resistance exercise), endurance (EE, submitted to a single bout of endurance exercise), and concurrent (CE, submitted to a single bout of endurance combined with resistance exercise). The mice livers were extracted and used for the immunoblotting technique. The hepatic LC3B II/I ratio for the RE and EE groups were not altered during the different time-points. For the CE group, there was a decrease in this ratio 12h after exercise compared to time 0 and 18h. Also, the hepatic LC3B II/I ratios were not different among the acute physical exercise protocols along the time-course. The hepatic LC3B II/I ratio was not influenced by the endurance and resistance protocols but decreased in response to the concurrent protocol at 12h after the stimulus.