bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of collagen membrane and of bone substitute on lateral bone augmentation with titanium mesh: An experimental in vivo study
Authors: Paeng Kyeong‐Won , Cha Jae‐Kook , Thoma Daniel S. , Jung Ronald E. , Jung Ui‐Won , Benic Goran I.
Published: February 2022

Aim

The aim of this study was to identify the additional effects of collagen membrane (CM) and of synthetic bone substitute (BS) on lateral bone augmentation of chronic peri‐implant defect with titanium mesh (TM).

Materials and Methods

Atrophic alveolar ridge was induced in six canine mandibles, and 5 peri‐implant defects were achieved in each hemi‐mandible. Bone augmentation was attempted using the following randomly allocated modalities: (1) Control: no treatment, (2) TM only group: blood clot covered by TM, (3) TM+BS group: BS covered by TM, (4) TM+CM group: blood clot covered by TM and CM, and (5) TM+BS+CM group: BS covered by TM and CM. After 16 weeks of submerged healing, micro‐CT and histomorphometric analyses were performed.

Results

TM exposure occurred in one case in the TM only group, one case in the TM+CM group, and two cases in the TM+BS+CM group. Histologically, pseudo‐periosteum was observed along the inner and outer surfaces of TM, and the directions of the collagen fiber within the pseudo‐periosteum differed according to the additional use of CM. In general, the TM only group rendered higher values in vertical defect fill and dimension of the augmented hard tissue in comparison with the other treatment groups.

Conclusions

Due to the small sample size, this pilot study remains inconclusive. Within the limitations of the study, the use of CM and/or BS did not appear to have an additional benefit on lateral bone augmentation of peri‐implant defect with TM.
Preparation of cationic viscose and its salt‐free dyeing using reactive dye
Authors: Li Yue , Zhai Shixiong , Dong Weiwei , Yao Chengjian , Fan Zhuizhui , Jin Kaili , Zhao Hong , Wang Mengting , Cai Zaisheng
Published: February 2022

The traditional dyeing process of reactive dyes requires a large amount of inorganic salts to accelerate the combination of dyes and textiles, which leads to substantially more water pollution. In this work, we used a quaternary ammonium‐type cationic modifier, 3‐chloro‐2‐hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC), to modify the viscose acetal fibre before the dyeing process. After the modification, reactive dyes were dyed without any inorganic salt. Then the fabric was finished with a commercial wet rubbing fastness enhancer, FM‐8, to improve the colour fastness. The modified viscose acetal fibre was characterised by Fourier Transform–infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that viscose acetal fibre was modified successfully by CHPTAC and that the physical structure did not noticeably change following the modification. The optimum process was determined by establishing the ideal amount of modifier and the modification temperature, as well as the concentrations of sodium hydroxide and soda ash. The results show that the most suitable parameters were 80 g/L for the modifier dosage, a modification temperature of 70°C, 20 g/L of sodium hydroxide and 10 g/L of soda ash. The wet rubbing fastness was grade 4‐5 after finishing and dyeing. The exhaustion percentage was significantly higher than that for traditional dyeing, and the K/S and dyeing uniformity were both higher than traditional salt dyeing.
The public economic burden of suboptimal type 2 diabetes control upon taxpayers in Sweden: Looking beyond health costs
Authors: Kotsopoulos Nikolaos , Connolly Mark P. , Willis Michael , Nilsson Andreas , Ericsson Åsa , Baker‐Knight James
Published: February 2022

Aim

To estimate the fiscal burden for taxpayers in Sweden associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) attributed to diabetes‐related complications in patients failing to meet HbA1c targets.

Material and Methods

We developed a public economic framework to assess how changes in diabetes‐related complications influenced projected tax contributions and government disability payments for people with T2D. The analysis applied accepted disease‐modelling practices to estimate different rates of diabetes‐related complications based on an HbA1c of 6.9% (52 mmol/mol) and of 6.0% (42 mmol/mol). We adjusted the employment activity rates for those experiencing T2D‐related events, applying age‐specific earnings to estimate lifetime tax losses. Furthermore, the likelihood of receiving payments for health‐related employment inactivity was estimated. Direct healthcare costs are excluded from this analysis.

Results

The estimated per person earnings loss for immediate and delayed HbA1c control was Swedish krona (SEK) 42 299 and SEK 44 157, respectively, over 10 years. The lost employment activity of people with T2D translates to lost tax revenues of SEK 23 265 and SEK 24 287 for immediate and delayed control, respectively. The estimated difference in disability payments was SEK 538. Combining the tax revenue loss and excess disability payments defines the broader fiscal costs, where we observe combined fiscal losses that favour immediate and sustained control by SEK 1560 over 10 years.

Conclusions

We show that conducting fiscal analysis of diabetes interventions offers an enriched perspective capturing a range of costs that fall on government in relation to lost tax revenue and disability payments. Tax‐financed health systems may benefit from broadening the consideration of costs and benefits when evaluating new interventions and treatment practices.
Environmental stressors alter multiple determinants of individual reproductive output in the acid‐tolerant mayfly Leptophlebia vespertina
Authors: Šupina Jan , Bojková Jindřiška , Boukal David S.
Published: February 2022

1. Environmental stressors such as acidification modify community composition in freshwater habitats through their direct and indirect effects on individuals. However, the effect of acidification on various aspects of individual fitness is poorly known in aquatic insects, a key group in many freshwater habitats.

2. Here, the influence of acidification (acidity and Al toxicity), food quality and habitat properties on the reproduction of an acid‐tolerant mayfly Leptophlebia vespertina (Linnaeus, 1758) in a group of Central European lakes is explored. The focus is on last‐instar larvae as the short‐lived, semelparous adults cannot mitigate stress experienced by the larvae.

3. It is shown that the environment affects multiple determinants of individual reproductive output both directly by affecting body size and fecundity in last‐instar larvae, and indirectly by releasing the larvae from density dependence. Populations tended to be denser in more acidic sites and individuals in denser populations were substantially smaller and had lower size‐dependent fecundity and reproductive effort. All else being equal, larvae from colder sites were larger, suggesting an important role of the temperature‐size rule in this species. Size‐dependent fecundity and reproductive effort increased with better food conditions as expected, but neither reproductive measure was affected by acidity or temperature. Finally, a weak egg size‐number trade‐off with slightly smaller eggs in more fecund females was detected.

4. These results imply that indirect ecological feedbacks and food quality, rather than the direct effects of stressful environment, may dominate the effects of environmental stressors on the reproductive output of acid‐tolerant species such as L. vespertina.
Dissecting co‐management: Fisher participation across management components and implications for governance
Authors: Puley Melina , Charles Anthony
Published: February 2022

Co‐management—fisher participation in fisheries management—varies across two fundamental dimensions. The most commonly addressed is a ‘ladder of participation’ reflecting the degree to which decision‐making is shared between government and fishers. The other dimension reflects if, and how, co‐management is implemented across the ‘management spectrum’ of functional components of management: (1) direction‐setting, planning and policy development; (2) harvest management; (3) compliance and enforcement; (4) ecosystem stewardship, conservation, rehabilitation; (5) research; and (6) organizational management and development. This article presents an approach to combining these two dimensions in a comprehensive manner, to better understand and assess the nuances of co‐management in practice. The approach is tested through application to fisheries of Nova Scotia, Canada, with representatives of organized fisher associations assessing the nature and extent of participation, both current and desired, for each of the six management components. This leads to insights about the fishery management components that tend to have greater or lesser fisher participation, differences in perceived levels of current and desired participation, the willingness and capacity of fisher associations to take on various management tasks and potential directions to improve fishery co‐management practices.
Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4‐dispersed In2O3‐spotted ZnO nanoparticles: Ammonia‐source and surface and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Karunakaran Chockalingam , Singh Isaac Jeba , Vinayagamoorthy Pazhamalai
Published: February 2022

Ammonia‐source, used to attain the desired pH during synthesis, is conceived to influence the physical characteristics of ZnO‐based nanomaterials, and the catalytic activity is susceptible to surface characteristics of semiconductor–photocatalyst. In this context, Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4‐dispersed In2O3‐spotted ZnO nanoparticles have been obtained by using either tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide or ammonium carbonate as ammonia‐source at identical pH (9) using identical quantities of the precursors following identical synthetic procedure. The nanoparticles have been characterized using energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, elemental mapping, selected area electron and X‐ray diffractometries, transmission electron microscopy, etc. The nanoparticles obtained using ammonium carbonate possess larger (1) pore width, (2) pore volume, and (3) surface area compared with nanoparticles prepared employing tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide. Although the electrical properties of both the samples do not differ remarkably, the violet light‐absorption of the sample prepared using the carbonate is slightly larger than that of the other sample. Further, the In2O3‐spotting is slightly larger on using ammonium carbonate than using tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide. To degrade dye under visible light, the sample obtained using ammonium carbonate shows larger catalytic activity compared with nanoparticles prepared using tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide. The observed photocatalytic activities are explained based on the surface characteristics.
Predicting factor analysis of postoperative complications after robot‐assisted radical cystectomy: Multicenter KORARC database study
Authors: Kim Hwanik , Jeong Byong Chang , Lee Sangchul , Ku Ja Hyeon , Kwon Tae Gyun , Kim Tae‑Hwan , Jeon Seung Hyun , Lee Sang Hyub , Nam Jong Kil , Kim Wansuk , Lee Ji Youl , Hong Sung Hoo , Rha Koon Ho , Han Woong Kyu , Ham Won Sik , Lee Young Goo , Lee Yong Seong , Park Sung Yul , Yoon Young Eun , Kang Sung Gu , Kang Seok Ho , Oh Jong Jin ,   the Korean Robot Assisted Radical Cystectomy (KORARC) Study Group
Published: February 2022

Objectives

To evaluate postoperative complications following robot‐assisted radical cystectomy in patients diagnosed with bladder cancer and reveal if there are predictors for postoperative complications.

Methods

Prospectively collected medical records of 730 robot‐assisted radical cystectomy patients between 2007/04 and 2019/05 in 13 tertiary referral centers were reviewed. Perioperative outcomes were compared between two groups by postoperative complications (complication vs non‐complication). We assessed recurrence‐free survival, cancer‐specific survival, and overall survival between groups. Regression analyses were implemented to identify factors associated with postoperative complications.

Results

Any total and high‐grade complication (Clavien–Dindo grade ≥3) rates were 57.8% and 21.1%, respectively. Patients in complication group had significantly higher proportion of diabetes mellitus (P = 0.048), chronic kidney disease (P = 0.011), dyslipidemia (P < 0.001), longer operation time (P = 0.001), more estimated blood loss (P = 0.001), and larger intraoperative fluid volume (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in cancer‐specific survival (log‐rank P = 0.038, median cancer‐specific survival: both groups not reached). Dyslipidemia (odds ratio 2.59, P = 0.002) and intraoperative fluid volume (odds ratio 1.0002, P = 0.040) were significantly associated with high‐grade postoperative complications. Diabetes mellitus (odds ratio 1.97, P = 0.028), chronic kidney disease (odds ratio 1.89, P = 0.046), dyslipidemia (odds ratio 5.94, P = 0.007), and intraoperative fluid volume (odds ratio 1.0002, P = 0.009) were significantly associated with any postoperative complications.

Conclusions

Patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, dyslipidemia, or a relatively large intraoperatively infused fluid volume are more likely to develop postoperative complications. Patients with postoperative complications might have a possibility of lower cancer‐specific survival rate.
Adipose invariant NKT cells interact with CD1d‐expressing macrophages to regulate obesity‐related inflammation
Authors: Satoh Masashi , Iizuka Misao , Majima Masataka , Ohwa Chizuru , Hattori Akito , Van Kaer Luc , Iwabuchi Kazuya
Published: February 2022

Obesity is accompanied by and accelerated with chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, especially visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This low‐level inflammation predisposes the host to the development of metabolic disease, most notably type 2 diabetes. We have focused on the capacity of glycolipid‐reactive, CD1d‐restricted natural killer T (NKT) cells to modulate obesity and its associated metabolic sequelae. We previously reported that CD1d knockout (KO) mice are partially protected against the development of obesity‐associated insulin resistance, and these findings were recapitulated in mice with an adipocyte‐specific CD1d deficiency, suggesting that NKT cell–adipocyte interactions play a critical role in exacerbating disease. However, many other CD1d‐expressing cells contribute to the in vivo responses of NKT cells to lipid antigens. In the present study, we examined the role of CD1d expression by macrophages (Mϕ) in the development of obesity‐associated metabolic inflammation using LysMcre‐cd1d1f/f mice where the CD1d1 gene is disrupted in a Mϕ‐specific manner. Unexpectedly, these animals contained a higher frequency of T‐bet+ CD4+ T cells in VAT with increased production of Th1 cytokines that aggravated VAT inflammation. Mϕ from mutant mice displayed increased production of IL‐12p40, suggesting M1 polarization. These findings indicate that interactions of CD1d on Mϕ with NKT cells play a beneficial role in obesity‐associated VAT inflammation and insulin resistance with a sharp contrast to an aggravating role of CD1d in another type of antigen‐presenting cell, dendritic cells.
Two‐phase strategies for the bi‐objective minimum spanning tree problem
Authors: Amorosi Lavinia , Puerto Justo
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a new two‐phase algorithm for the bi‐objective minimum spanning tree (BMST) problem. In the first phase, it computes the extreme supported efficient solutions resorting to both mathematical programming and algorithmic approaches, while the second phase is devoted to obtaining the remaining efficient solutions (non‐extreme supported and non‐supported). This latter phase is based on a new recursive procedure capable of generating all the spanning trees of a connected graph through edge interchanges based on increasing evaluation of non‐zero reduced costs of associated weighted linear programs. Such a procedure exploits a common property of a wider class of problems to which the minimum spanning tree (MST) problem belongs, that is the spanning tree structure of its basic feasible solutions. Computational experiments are conducted on different families of graphs and with different types of cost. These results show that this new two‐phase algorithm is correct, very easy to implement and it allows one to extract conclusions on the difficulty of finding the entire set of Pareto solutions of the BMST problem depending on the graph topology and the possible correlation of the edge costs.
The location routing problem with facility sizing decisions
Authors: Tordecilla Rafael D. , Montoya‐Torres Jairo R. , Quintero‐Araujo Carlos L. , Panadero Javier , Juan Angel A.
Published: February 2022

The location routing problem (LRP) integrates operational decisions on vehicle routing operations with strategic decisions on the location of the facilities or depots from which the distribution will take place. In other words, it combines the well‐known vehicle routing problem (VRP) with the facility location problem (FLP). Hence, the LRP is an NP‐hard combinatorial optimization problem, which justifies the use of metaheuristic approaches whenever large‐scale instances need to be solved. In this paper, we explore a realistic version of the LRP in which facilities of different capacities are considered, i.e., the manager has to consider not only the location but also the size of the facilities to open. In order to tackle this optimization problem, three mixed‐integer linear formulations are proposed and compared. As expected, they have been proved to be cost‐ and time‐ inefficient. Hence, a biased‐randomized iterated local search algorithm is proposed. Classical instances for the LRP with homogeneous facilities are naturally extended to test the performance of our approach.
Gas‐phase kinetic of boron carbide chemical vapor deposition using BCl3+CH4+H2 mixture
Authors: Gupta Anand , Nigam Shikhar , Shinde Vijay M.
Published: February 2022

A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism consisting of 472 reactions and 61 species for the gas‐phase thermal decomposition of BCl3+CH4+H2 mixtures is used to model the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of boron carbide. The mechanism is constructed using a reaction mechanism generator (RMG), which is automatic and requires no or less human intervention. New functionality, considerable thermodynamic and kinetic data have been added to RMG to account for boron chemistry. The model considers all necessary reactions in the reaction pathways and reasonably predicts the experimental data available from the literature. The sensitivity analysis identifies crucial species responsible for boron carbide formation. Besides, a reduced mechanism (15 species and 26 reactions) is derived from a detailed mechanism, which could be used to expedite an effective CVD reactor design through numerical simulations. The performance of the reduced model is also evaluated concerning the complete mechanism, which shows that the reduced model can predict the reactor behavior reasonably well.
ZnO·2.7Al2O3 nanocomposite with high optical transparency
Authors: Xu Pengyu , Wang Hao , Cui Wenjun , Chen Qiangguo , Tu Bingtian , Sang Xiahan , Wang Weimin , Fu Zhengyi
Published: February 2022

Here we report a transparent dual‐phase ZnO·2.7Al2O3 ceramic. The composite is pore‐free and consists of thin nanosheets with a spinel phase and a hexagonal phase, while the two phases match closely in both lattice and refractive index. Such features result in excellent optical transmittance (maximum value >80% in the visible spectrum) at comparable phase volume. This work may provide a new thought for the rational structural design of optical nanocomposites.
Using metacognitive prompts to enhance self‐regulated learning and learning outcomes: A meta‐analysis of experimental studies in computer‐based learning environments
Authors: Guo Lin
Published: February 2022

Background

It has been assumed that prompting students to plan, monitor and evaluate their learning process could stimulate strategy use and thereby improve learning outcomes.

Objectives

This study aimed to examine the effects of metacognitive prompts on students' self‐regulated learning (SRL) and learning outcomes in the context of computer‐based learning environments (CBLEs).

Methods

To achieve this, the current study took a meta‐analytic approach to critically evaluate evidence for the effectiveness of metacognitive prompts and identify potential moderators of the effects.

Results and conclusions

With random‐effects models, the results showed that metacognitive prompts significantly enhanced SRL activities (g = 0.50, 95% confidence interval [0.37, 0.63]) and learning outcomes (g = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [0.31, 0.49]) relative to the control conditions. Furthermore, moderator analyses revealed that the effects varied as a function of three prompts features: feedback, specificity and adaptability.

Implications

Developing task‐specific, individual‐adaptive prompts and feedback should be a design principle in CBLEs, such that the prompt effect could be retained, sustainably enhanced and transferred to novel situations.
Joint efficacy of the three biomarkers SNCA, GYPB and HBG1 for atrial fibrillation and stroke: Analysis via the support vector machine neural network
Authors: Wang Xiang , Meng Xuyang , Meng Lingbing , Guo Ying , Li Yi , Yang Chenguang , Pei Zuowei , Li Jiahan , Wang Fang
Published: February 2022

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of persistent arrhythmia. Although its incidence has been increasing, the pathogenesis of AF in stroke remains unclear. In this study, a total of 30 participants were recruited, including 10 controls, 10 patients with AF and 10 patients with AF and stroke (AF + STROKE). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and functional annotation of DEGs, comparative toxicogenomic database analysis associated with cardiovascular diseases, and predictions of miRNAs of hub genes were performed. Using RT‐qPCR, biological process and support vector machine neural networks, numerous DEGs were found to be related to AF. HBG1, SNCA and GYPB were found to be upregulated in the AF group. Higher expression of hub genes in AF and AF + STROKE groups was detected via RT‐PCR. Upon training the biological process neural network of SNCA and GYPB for HBG1, only small differences were detected. Based on the support vector machine, the predicted value of SNCA and GYPB for HBG1 was 0.9893. Expression of the hub genes of HBG1, SNCA and GYPB might therefore be significantly correlated to AF. These genes are involved in the incidence of AF complicated by stroke, and may serve as targets for early diagnosis and treatment.
Overlooking the front line: Impacts of front‐line worker inclusion on implementation and outcomes of collaborative innovation
Authors: Livingstone Riley V.
Published: February 2022

Policymakers acknowledge the need to drive innovation in health and social care, given the complex, “wicked” problems that such services are tasked with solving and the concept of collaborative innovation is proposed as a tool in which to reach solutions to these problems. Prior case studies have overlooked the element of front‐line worker inclusion on processes of collaborative innovation. This research explores this element through a case study of an intermediate care facility in Scotland. This collaboration produced innovation, but the strength of the innovative solution was diluted by the omission of front‐line workers in key phases of the innovation process. This paper contributes to the broader public administration literature by operationalizing a novel conceptual framework of collaborative innovation and by exploring the problematic implications of neglecting to include front line worker perspectives throughout the process of collaborative innovation.
The Modern‐Day Cicero: An Alternative Interpretation of the Work of Ronald Dworkin
Authors: Dyevre Arthur , Wijtvliet Wessel
Published: February 2022

Ronald Dworkin is one of the most frequently cited legal philosophers. His work, notably his attack on H. L. A. Hart's positivist theory of law, has received considerable attention, earning him praise as well as trenchant criticism. Instead of discussing the analytical validity of Dworkin's claims, though, we propose an alternative reading of his jurisprudential writings that emphasises their rhetorical nature. After delineating the rhetorical context of his work, we provide several illustrations of his use of rhetorical strategies and, with the help of sentiment‐analysis techniques, emotional language. While resorting to classical rhetorical tactics, Dworkin's rhetoric, we argue, appealed to the emotional power of rights talk at a time when the notion of rights enjoyed greater resonance with his audience.
Comparison of GnRH and hCG effects on oestradiol, progesterone and premature luteolysis in Ovsynch‐synchronized ewes
Authors: Salloum Abir , Saleh Mohammed
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether premature luteolysis can be alleviated by substituting the ovulation inducing agent hCG for GnRH. Seventy‐two hours after the end of artificial insemination (AI), pluriparous Awassi ewes were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups of 13 ewes each. First group received 37.5 µg of the GnRH analog Lecirelin, the second 1000 I.U hCG and the third group served as a control (received 1 ml of physiological saline solution). Blood samples were collected at daily intervals after GnRH treatment and analysed for plasma oestradiol and progesterone concentrations. Ovarian follicles were monitored ultrasonically at the time of GnRH administration, 60 hr and 84 hr later. Pregnancy was diagnosed ultrasonically at Day 35 after AI. Number and size of ovarian follicles did not differ (p > .05) among treatment groups. Onset and duration of oestrus were not affected by treatment (p > .05). No significant differences (p > .05) were recorded in oestradiol and progesterone concentrations between the treatment groups during the inspection period. Premature luteolysis became evident in ewes with longer oestrous durations by Day 6.25 after AI and amounted to 7.69%, 18.18% and 23.07% in GnRH, hCG and Control groups respectively. Pregnancy rates increased to 92.31% and 81.82% in GnRH and hCG groups, compared to 76.92% in the Control group. The results indicate that GnRH was more effective in reducing premature luteolysis than hCG. Substituting hCG for GnRH as an ovulation inducing agent was of no avail.
The Island Is Still There: Experimental Evidence For The Inescapability Of Relative Clauses In English*
Authors: Christensen Ken Ramshøj , Nyvad Anne Mette
Published: February 2022

It is standardly assumed that relative clauses are islands for extraction in English, and that constraints on extraction from syntactic islands are universal. However, it has been shown that the Mainland Scandinavian languages provide a large variety of counterexamples. This study investigates the island status of English relative clauses in the light of these counterexamples. 190 native speakers provided acceptability judgments on a 5‐point Likert scale of 48 target sentences. The results show that, unlike in Danish, acceptability of extraction is not correlated with frequency of occurrence of the matrix verb or with exposure over time. Furthermore, there is no difference in acceptability between moving a topic or a wh‐element out of a relative clause. We argue that this supports the traditional analysis of English relative clauses as strong islands, and that the results are compatible with a parametric account of language variation.
Impact of Integration of the Production Systems and Reservoir of a Benchmark Based on Carbonate Fields
Authors: Victorino I. R. S. , Hohendorff Filho J. C. V. , Castro M. S. , Schiozer D. J.
Published: February 2022

Integrating production system and reservoir is used in several studies of offshore oilfield development and management for improved production forecasts through more realistic boundary conditions. This study evaluates the influence of the parameters in a production strategy of a reference model (carbonate oil reservoir) on financial and production performance. We first considered nonintegrated system (NI) with the reservoir and fixed boundary conditions for well and gathering system. We then considered integrated system (I) with the variable boundary conditions for the wells and gathering system. Finally, we compared both systems. Our analysis involved several steps to define the best production strategy for both systems based on net present value (NPV) and how integrated modeling helps define production strategy. For NI, three stages were considered: number of wells, placement of wells, and platform capacity. For I, five stages were evaluated (all NI parameters) with diameters and gas lift evaluation, and platform placement. The results are similar, but the simplifications (NI) may affect financial performance. The cross analysis indicated (in the hypothesis that the integrated system is closer to reality) that integrating the NI case resulted in considerable financial and production differences and may be useful in simplified systems. Since the main aspects of the object-function financial return were related to reservoir model behavior, one can first apply the nonintegrated optimization cycles, then add the integrated cycles, obtaining an intermediate time of the integrated model optimization in similar cases.
Genetic Determinants of Ammonium Excretion in
nifL
Mutants of Azotobacter vinelandii
Authors: Mus Florence , Khokhani Devanshi , MacIntyre April M. , Rugoli Esther , Dixon Ray , Ané Jean-Michel , Peters John W.
Published: February 2022

There is considerable interest in the engineering of ammonium-excreting bacteria for use in agriculture to promote the growth of plants under fixed-nitrogen-limiting conditions. This work defines discrete determinants that bring about
A. vinelandii
ammonium excretion and demonstrates that strains can be generated through simple gene editing to provide promising biofertilizers capable of transferring nitrogen to crops.
Chemotropism and Cell-Cell Fusion in Fungi
Authors: Clark-Cotton Manuella R. , Jacobs Katherine C. , Lew Daniel J.
Published: February 2022

Fungi exhibit an enormous variety of morphologies, including yeast colonies, hyphal mycelia, and elaborate fruiting bodies. This diversity arises through a combination of polar growth, cell division, and cell fusion.
Gut Microbiome-Targeted Modulations Regulate Metabolic Profiles and Alleviate Altitude-Related Cardiac Hypertrophy in Rats
Authors: Hu Yichen , Pan Zhiyuan , Huang Zongyu , Li Yan , Han Ni , Zhuang Xiaomei , Peng Hui , Gao Quansheng , Wang Qing , Yang Lee B. J. , Zhang Heping , Yang Ruifu , Bi Yujing , Xu Zhenjiang Zech
Published: February 2022

Evidence suggests that gut microbiome changes upon hypobaric hypoxia exposure; however, it remains elusive whether this microbiome change is a merely derivational reflection of host physiological alteration, or it synergizes to exacerbate high-altitude diseases. We intervened gut microbiome in the rat model of prolonged hypobaric hypoxia challenge and found that the intervention could alleviate the symptoms of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, gut microbial dysbiosis, and metabolic disruptions of certain metabolites in gut and plasma induced by hypobaric hypoxia.
Autophagy Improves ARA-Rich TAG Accumulation in
Mortierella alpina
by Regulating Resource Allocation
Authors: Lu Hengqian , Chen Haiqin , Tang Xin , Yang Qin , Zhang Hao , Chen Yong Q. , Chen Wei
Published: February 2022

Studies have indicated that functional oil accumulation occurs in oleaginous microorganisms under nitrogen limitation. However, until now, large-scale application of nitrogen-deficiency strategies was limited by low biomass.
Comparison of Genetic Features and Evolution of Global and Chinese Strains of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST22
Authors: Zhou Wangxiao , Jin Ye , Liu Xiang , Chen Yunbo , Shen Ping , Xiao Yonghong
Published: February 2022

Staphylococcus aureus
sequence type 22 (ST22) is the main HA-MRSA clone spreading in Europe. It has strong capacity to supplant and replace other formerly epidemic MRSA clones.
Attitudes of Australasian Clinicians and Laboratory Staff to Changing Fungal Nomenclature: Has Mycological Correctness Really Gone Mad?
Authors: Kidd Sarah E. , Halliday Catriona L. , Haremza Elizabeth , Gardam Dianne J. , Chen Sharon C. A. , Elvy Juliet A.
Published: February 2022

Recent changes in fungal species names have been contentious, eliciting heated debate on social media. Despite available recommendations on adapting to the changes, concerns include clinicians dismissing pathogens as contaminants with patient harm as a result, and disruption of the literature.
A peralkaline solution, hydrofracturing model for quartzofeldspathic veins and pegmatites
Authors: Wintsch R.P. , Resor P.
Published: February 2022

We present a tectonic model for the generation of quartzofeldspathic veins and pegmatite dikes found in southern New England that proposes the following: (1) Hydraulic fracturing produces the initial fracture that opens to become a vein, and (2) oscillating differential stress produces a gradient in interstitial fluid pressure that draws the melt to the dilating walls of the fracture. Oscillating fluid pressures at the dike walls lead to oscillating rates of crystallization, and thus to alternating aplitic and pegmatitic textures in dikes as thin as a few centimeters. Excess alkalis and SiO2(aq) lower the solidus temperature of the granitic liquid and thus stabilize a peralkaline silicate liquid without crystallization. This silicate liquid is capable of crystallizing only quartz, only feldspars, or both. Crystallization of this liquid lowers its pH and accounts for the mineralogical zoning consisting of quartz cores, feldspathic mantles, and muscovite-bearing margins common in many quartzofeldspathic veins.
Supplemental Material: Bolide impact effects on the West Florida Platform, Gulf of Mexico: End Cretaceous and late Eocene
Authors: Poag C.W.
Published: February 2022

Figures S1–S9. Stratigraphic interpretations of seismic reflection profiles GWT86-11, GWT86-1, GWT86-16, GWT86-18, GWT86-9, GWT86-11, GWT86-19, GWT86-1, and GWT86-20, respectively.
The Cenozoic evolution of the Intrarif (Rif, Morocco)
Authors: Martín-Martín Manuel , Guerrera Francesco , Maaté Alí , Hlila Rachid , Serrano Francisco , Cañaveras Juan C. , Paton Douglas , Alcalá Francisco J. , Maaté Soufian , Tramontana Mario , Martín-Pérez José A.
Published: February 2022

This paper provides an understanding of the sedimentary-tectonic evolution of the Cenozoic strata of the El Habt and Ouezzane Tectonic Units (Intrarif, External Rif) in Morocco. New data provide information about the depositional architecture and enable a correlation of the evolution of the External Rif in Morocco with that of the Betic Cordillera in Spain and the Tunisian Tell, which provides new insights for hydrocarbon exploration in the region regarding possible source, reservoir, and seal rocks. The reconstructed Cenozoic succession was bio-chronologically defined, and the major unconformities and stratigraphic gaps were identified. The presence of these unconformities allowed three main stratigraphic sequences to be defined by age: Danian p.p., early Ypresian–early Bartonian p.p., and the early Rupelian–early Serravallian p.p. Three secondary stratigraphic sequences in the former upper main sequence were also defined by age: early Rupelian–late Chattian p.p., Burdigalianp.p., and the Langhian–Serravallian p.p. The depositional setting evolved from deep basin during the Late Cretaceous–Paleocene to external platform-slope during the Eocene–Miocene. The Cenozoic sandstones contain metamorphic and sedimentary rock fragments derived from a recycled orogen source area. The clay mineralogy in the Cenozoic strata consists of associations of Ill+(I–S) ± Sme, Ill+(I–S) ± Sme+Kln and Ill+(I–S) ± Sme+Kln+Chl. These associations indicate an initial unroofing in the Paleogene period, then in the Cretaceous period, and finally in the Late Jurassic period during the Eocene–Oligocene. This detritus was followed by variable amounts of a sedimentary mix of Paleogene to Late Jurassic terrains due to several phases of erosion and deposition partly related to syn-sedimentary tectonics during the Miocene. Equivalent features (similar types of sediments, tectofacies, gaps, and unroofing) were also recognized along the Betic Cordillera in Spain and Maghrebian Chain (Morocco and Tunisia) and interpreted as related to a pre-nappe tectonic activity of soft basement folding, which occurred during the Paleogene after the generalized tectonic inversion (from extension to compression) occurred in the Late Cretaceous. The Upper Cretaceous is considered to be the hydrocarbon source rock, while the fractured Eocene and the porous Oligo-Miocene suites are proposed as possible hydrocarbon reservoirs. The Cenozoic stratigraphic architecture and the nappe structure of the region could provide the necessary trap structures.
Neogene sedimentary record of the evolution of a translated strike-slip basin along the Denali fault system: Implications for timing of displacement, composite basin development, and regional tectonics of southern Alaska
Authors: Allen Wai K. , Ridgway Kenneth D. , Benowitz J.A. , Waldien T.S. , Roeske S.M. , Fitzgerald P.G. , Gillis R.J.
Published: February 2022

Analysis of the late Miocene to Holocene McCallum sedimentary basin, located along the south side of the eastern Denali fault system, provides a better understanding of strike-slip basin evolution, timing of displacement on the Denali fault, and tectonics of the southern Alaska convergent margin. Analysis of the McCallum basin utilizing measured stratigraphic sections, lithofacies analyses, and 40Ar/39Ar tephra ages documented a 564-m-thick, two-member stratigraphy. Fine-grained, lacustrine-dominated environments characterized deposition of the lower member, and coarse-grained, stream-dominated alluvial-fan environments characterized deposition of the upper member. The 40Ar/39Ar dating of tephras indicated that the lower member was deposited from 6.1 to 5.0 Ma, and the upper member was deposited from 5.0 to 3.8 Ma. Our stratigraphic analysis of the McCallum basin illuminates the development of a composite strike-slip basin, with the deposition of the lower member occurring along a transtensional fault section, and deposition of the upper member occurring along a transpressional fault section. This change in depositional and tectonic settings is interpreted to reflect ~79–90 km of transport of the basin along the Denali fault system based on Pleistocene–Holocene slip rates. Previous studies of the timing of Cenozoic displacement on the Denali fault system utilizing sedimentary records emphasized a Paleogene component; our findings, however, also require a significant Neogene component. Neogene strike-slip displacement and basin development along the Denali fault system were broadly coeval with development of high topography and related clastic wedges across southern Alaska in response to flat slab subduction of the Yakutat microplate.
Latest Triassic–Early Jurassic Stikine–Yukon-Tanana terrane collision and the onset of accretion in the Canadian Cordillera: Insights from Hazelton Group detrital zircon provenance and arc–back-arc configuration
Authors: Nelson JoAnne L. , van Straaten Bram , Friedman Richard
Published: February 2022

The Hazelton Group is a Rhaetian–Bajocian (uppermost Triassic–Middle Jurassic) volcano-sedimentary sequence that represents both the last pre-accretionary arc volcanic cycle of Stikinia and its early synaccretionary aftermath. Hazelton magmatism of central Stikinia succeeded the Late Triassic (mainly Carnian–Norian) Stuhini arc, which ceased activity as a result of end-on collision with the pericratonic Yukon-Tanana terrane. The Hazelton volcanic belt lies to the south along strike with the coeval Whitehorse trough, the synorogenic clastic basin that developed on top of the Stikinia–Yukon-Tanana collision zone. Whereas the sources of voluminous clastic sediments in the Whitehorse trough were its rapidly exhuming shoulders, the thin clastic intervals in the Hazelton Group in northwestern British Columbia were derived from local to subregional block uplifts that supplied mainly ca. 230–215 Ma zircons eroded from the plutonic roots of the Stuhini arc. Lesser components include late Paleozoic (ca. 350–330 Ma) zircons from Stikinia's basement and penecontemporaneous (ca. 205–172 Ma) zircons from Hazelton volcanic/subvolcanic sources. Reexamination of the four main volcanic fields that make up the lower Hazelton Group suggests that the main Hazelton volcanic belt formed a southward-convex magmatic arc from eastern Stikinia across the Skeena arch, including the Toodoggone and Telkwa belts, with the Spatsizi and Stewart-Iskut regions of northwestern British Columbia in its back-arc. The Whitehorse trough and Hazelton belt represent a collision zone to active arc pair. Southward advance of the arc and counterclockwise rotation of the Stikinia microplate contributed to closure against the Quesnellia arc and assembly of the inner Canadian Cordilleran terrane collage.
Histoplasma capsulatumculture-negative prosthetic valve endocarditis presenting as a cystic mass
Authors: Choi Jung-In , Chang Alice S , Cook Richard C , Fordyce Christopher B
Published: February 2022

A 58-year-old immunocompetent patient with previous prosthetic valve presented with chest pain, constitutional symptoms and septic shock. Blood cultures and transthoracic echocardiogram were negative, but the patient was initiated on broad spectrum antibiotics due to high clinical suspicions of infective endocarditis. The patient received a transoesophageal echocardiogram revealing a cystic bioprosthetic valve lesion. Culture-negative endocarditis workup identified active disseminated histoplasmosis with likely Histoplasma endocarditis. A multidisciplinary discussion was held, and the patient was deemed high-risk for a third re-do open heart surgery. He was treated medically with anti-fungal treatment with good clinical recovery.
Late presentation during the COVID-19 pandemic of severe procidentia: a high-grade poorly differentiated sarcoma of unknown origin
Authors: Pappa Christina , Smyth Sarah Louise , Soleymani majd Hooman
Published: February 2022

High-grade poorly differentiated sarcomas of unknown primary origin constitute a rare entity and are characterised by wide histopathological diversity and atypical presentations. We present such an unusual case attending with severe procidentia in a 68-year-old postmenopausal female. On review of the literature, there are no similar cases reported. Herein, we present this case as in view of its rare clinical appearance combined with the advanced and histologically uncertain nature of the tumour, which raised significant challenges regarding diagnosis and surgical management in considerations of oncological hygiene and risk of tumour spillage. This was further potentiated by delay in diagnosis and treatment due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Painful LBBB syndrome: a rare cause of angina
Authors: Vijay Soorampally , Deepti Siddharthan , Singh Sandeep
Published: February 2022

Painful left bundle branch block (LBBB) syndrome is an uncommon condition that is largely underdiagnosed. In this report, we describe a man in his 40s who had typical rate-dependent LBBB associated with angina without evidence of obstructive coronary artery disease.
Mowat-Wilson syndrome presenting with Shone’s complex cardiac anomaly
Authors: Musaad Walaa , Lyons Aisling , Allen Nicholas , Letshwiti Johannes
Published: February 2022

A female infant, who was diagnosed antenatally with complex heart disease, confirmed to be Shone’s complex postnatally, underwent bilateral pulmonary artery banding, patent ductus arteriosus stent insertion and balloon aortic valvuloplasty soon after birth. She was found to have bilateral megaureters, left hydronephrosis and asplenia. She was on lifelong prophylactic antibiotics and extra vaccines. She had two episodes of pseudo-obstruction of the small bowel, but barium follow-through was normal. She also had a large bowel obstruction and work-up for Hirschsprung disease confirmed the diagnosis. It was noticed that she had developmental delay and hypotonia, together with subtle dysmorphism. She also had failure to thrive and difficulty feeding. Exome sequencing revealed a diagnosis of Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS). This case shows a previously undescribed association of Shone’s complex, a complex left-sided obstructive heart defect, and MWS. It also highlights the usefulness of trio-exome sequencing in detecting such rare mutations.
Cavernous haemangioma of anterior mitral valve leaflet: diagnostic utility of 3D echocardiography
Authors: Bayfield Nicholas , Bibo Liam , Wang Edward , Passage Jurgen
Published: February 2022

Mitral valve (MV) haemangiomas are rare primary cardiac tumours which may cause progressive cardiac failure as well as sudden death. We present a case of a 44-year-old woman referred for surgical correction of symptomatic severe mitral regurgitation. Preoperative two-dimensional transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) were reported as demonstrating complex bi-leaflet prolapse causing severe mitral regurgitation. The patient was listed for MV surgery. Only on preoperative CT coronary angiogram was a filling defect noted, leading to suspicion of a cardiac tumour. Prior to skin incision, three-dimensional (3D) TOE revealed a 2×3 cm mass attached to the anterior leaflet of the MV. The tumour was subsequently resected, and the MV replaced. Postoperative histopathology confirmed a large cavernous haemangioma of the anterior MV leaflet. This case highlights a rare cause of severe mitral regurgitation and demonstrates the utility of 3D TOE as an adjunctive modality in confirming the suspected diagnosis of a cardiac tumour.
Cutaneous mucormycosis: an unusual cause of decompensation in a patient with ethanol-related cirrhosis with COVID-19 exposure
Authors: Menezes Sherna , Kumar Janu Santhosh , Rudra Omkar S , Nagral Aabha
Published: February 2022

We describe a case of cutaneous mucormycosis in a middle-aged man with ethanol-related chronic liver disease. He presented with symptoms of fever, breathlessness for 10 days and altered mental status for 2 days. On admission, he was in septic shock and had acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). He was noted to have ruptured blisters in his left axilla. Although he repeatedly had negative COVID-19 Reverse Transcription-PCR results, he had positive IgG antibodies for COVID-19. He was managed with broad-spectrum antibiotics, steroids, vasopressors and ventilation for ARDS. Over the course of his hospitalisation, the axillary lesion progressed to a necrotising ulcer with deep tissue invasion. Debridement and culture of the axillary ulcer revealed mucor species, and he was started on amphotericin and posaconazole for mucormycosis. Unfortunately, he continued to deteriorate despite aggressive management and died after a prolonged hospital stay of 40 days.