bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal Protection for Film Copyright Holders Against Illegal Downloading and Streaming Activities on the Internet
Authors: Anugrah Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Copyright holders have exclusive rights to their creations or work. Illegal downloading and streaming of movies can be detrimental to copyright holders and countries. Therefore, perpetrators can be subject to criminal and civil sanctions. This study aims to: (1) determine the protection for the Moral Rights and Economic Rights of film creators or Copyright Holders from illegal downloading and streaming of films on the Internet and (2) determine how the law should regulate the rights of creators from illegal downloading and streaming activities to provide legal protection. The type of research used in this study is normative juridical by using data collection techniques through literature studies. The results show that: (1) the protection of Economic Rights and Moral Rights of film copyright is still lacking in providing legal protection because sanctions for violators of Moral Rights have not been regulated in the Copyright Law (2) the Copyright Law has regulated legal steps that Copyright Holders can take to obtain legal protection in the field of Copyright through mediation, criminal complaints, claims for compensation, and reports on the closure of content and access rights
correlation between basic measles immunization historical and nutritional status on toddler: factorial stunting prevalence
Authors: Bella Mardya  , Muhsinin  , Diah Retno Wulan
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The problem of nutritional status on toddlers is still one of the world’s problems that must continue to be resolved, such as stunting. Stunting, or being too short for one’s age, is defined as below -2 standard deviations from the median height-for-age z-score. Stunting can directly be affected by infectious disease and incomplete immunization such as basic measles immunization. Objectives: This research aims to determine and analyze the correlation between giving basic measles immunization and nutritional status, especially the incidence of stunting on toddlers. Methods: This research was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional approach with non-probability sampling. The samples were 134 toddlers who were 12-36 months, were not sick, and have the KIA/KMS book. Basic measles immunization and nutritional status were dependent variables whereas stunting prevalence was an independent variable. Data analysis used the Spearman’s Rho correlation test with α = 0.05. Results: The results showed the majority of toddlers experienced nutritional status problems especially stunting (51.5%) and the majority of toddlers had received basic measles immunization (67.9%). Based on the Spearman’s Rho statistical test, obtained p-value = 0.003 (p-value < 0.05) with correlation coefficient (r) = -0.251. Conclusions: There is a significant correlation between basic measles immunization and nutritional status, especially in the incidence of stunting. This finding suggests that the local government should initiate an innovative program of health education focusing on knowledge and prevent the increasing stunting such as by collaborating with the nursing profession which can act as a good educator and caregiver.
Relationship of burnout to nurse job satisfaction at Semen Gresik Hospital
Authors: Al Fanani Tamam , Paskarini Indriati
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The nursing profession is a professional and technical profession that is distinguished by the combination of mental and physical labor and the high risk of work. A nurse can feel work exhaustion or usually called burnout and affects job satisfaction   Objectives:  The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between burnout and job satisfaction among nurses. Methods: The research design used was descriptive statistical and correlational analysis with a cross-sectional approach. A total sample of 115 nurses who met the inclusion criteria was selected using the simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using Spearman's rank with α = 0.05. Results: The results showed that the majority of participants were at a moderate level of burnout (n = 93, 89%). The study also found that the majority of participants have an ambivalence level toward job satisfaction (n = 54, 47.0%), and burnout has a negative correlation with job satisfaction (p = 0.000 with a correlation value of -0.483). Conclusions: The level of burnout was correlated with job satisfaction. therefore it is necessary to reduce burnout levels so that nurse job satisfaction increases and can improve nurse performance.
Effect of face-to-face psychoeducation intervention combined with motivational interviewing on adherence in prevention and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients
Authors: Choliq Idham , Nasrullah Dede , Sukadiono  , Fitriyani Vika Ramadhana
Published: October 2023

Introduction: TB can be cured if patients routinely seek treatment for six months without breaking. Poor adherence to tuberculosis treatment is a global health challenge. Whereas adherence to the treatment regimen is important for tuberculosis (TB) control. The consequences of this non-compliance lead to treatment failure and the risk of infection of the disease is widespread. Objectives: The objective of the study is to examine what  Face-to-Face Psychoeducation Intervention Combined with Motivational Interviewing effective to improve  Adherence in Prevention and Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients. Methods: The research design used quantitative with experimental quasi research design t. The research was conducted at 4 Community Health Centers (Puskesmas), namely Puskesmas Takal, Puskesmas Perak, Puskesmas Pegirian and Puskesmas Sutopo in Surabaya. Through purposive sampling, the sample number was 60 respondents, divided by 30 respondents for the intervention group and 30 respondents for the control group. Results: There was a significant difference after the intervention. In the intervention group, there were changes in outcomes in both preventive adherence (12.37) and medication adherence (4.52). While in the control group, only the value of prevention compliance experienced a change of 5.67. Conclusions: Face-to-face method combined with motivation interviewing is effective in improving prevention and treatment adherence in TB patients. Motivational interviewing has a tendency to reduce hopelessness, an increasing motivation to recover and the admonition of taking medication in tuberculosis patients.
The health education based on family support toward self-care AVF access and life quality of patient with hemodialysis
Authors: Nafisah Siti
Published: October 2023

Background: According to a report by Indonesian Renal Registry (RII) in 2017, the number of patients with chronic kidney disease increased drastically. It shows more patients who may have hemodialysis. Patients with hemodialysis use AVF Access to ease therapy’s process. Education based on family support is needed to help patients in doing self-care, using of AVF Access and improving life quality of patients. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to know the impact of education based on family support toward self-care and life quality of patients with hemodialysis. Methodology: The methodoloy of research used is total sampling. There are 22 samples of patients with hemodialysis with AVF Access that fulfill inclusive criterias (living with family, having compomentic awareness and doing regulary hemodialysis twice a week). The instruments to collect data is questionaires of self treatment with ACF Access and KDQL SFTM-36. The data is analysed with validating technique of T Dependent Test with significancy level 0,05. Result: The result shows that most respondents have good self treatment for 14 patients (63,6%) proven by p-value = 0,000. Life quality of most respondents is good proven by p-value = 0,00. Conclusion: In conclusion, there is a siginificant, strong and one-way correlation between education based on family support toward self-care AVF Access and life quality of patients with hemodialysis. Family is obliged to give more support toward patients with hemodialysis to do self-care well so the life quality of patients may improve.
Comparison of vanilla extract intervention group and control group on neonatal pain and comfort levels during venous blood sampling
Authors: Ilmiasih Reni
Published: October 2023

Introduction:  Taking venous blood in neonates is always uncomfortable and painful. Pain in taking venous blood is bad for neonates. Short-term effects that occur include increased pulse, and tissue damage around the venous blood collection area. Long-term impacts can be disrupted psychological aspects and the development of neonatal behavior. Untreated discomfort and pain can lead to complications, including hyperalgesia and changes in the experience of pain. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of giving vanilla extract to the pain level and comfort level of neonates who had venous blood taken. Methods: The type of research is Quasy Experiment with Control Group post test only design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling for 3 months of data collection with a total of 40 respondents. Data analysis using the Independent T Test. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference in the pain scales of the two groups (p=0.51), but the average pain scale was higher in the control group. There is a significant difference in the results of the front comfort score p value = 0.00. These results are in accordance with previous research that the vanilla concentration of 0.64% and 2% could not significantly reduce pain. It is possible that the results will be different in further studies with a larger number of respondents and different techniques and doses. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the pain scales of the two groups (p=0.51), but the average pain scale was higher in the control group. There is a significant difference in the results of the front comfort score p value = 0.00. These results are in accordance with previous research that the vanilla concentration of 0.64% and 2% could not significantly reduce pain. It is possible that the results will be different in further studies with a larger number of respondents and different techniques and doses. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the pain scales of the two groups (p=0.51), but the average pain scale was higher in the control group. There is a significant difference in the results of the front comfort score p value = 0.00. Conclusions: These results are in accordance with previous research that the vanilla concentration of 0.64% and 2% could not significantly reduce pain. It is possible that the results will be different in further studies with a larger number of respondents and different techniques and doses.
Look at the real world through the images and talk about it
Authors: Sanabria Robles Yime Andrey
Published: October 2023

Objective: to determine what happens when musical learners use audiovisual aids for English speaking skill development. Methodology: as object study, it was taken six musical learners, who were chosen according to multiple intelligence text proposed by Gardner. For collecting data three instruments were used: interviews, video recording and journals. Findings: the results indicate that learners develop their English speaking skill when their interests, specific intelligence, and the use of the real language are evolved in the English teaching process.
La relación proyecto de vida, felicidad y rol del docente en estudiantes de la media vocacional
Authors: Ayala Zuluaga José Enver , Carvajal Castro Claudia Viviana
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: identificar la percepción de los estudiantes de la media vocacional sobre el papel de los docentes en la construcción de su proyecto de vida y las relaciones que se configuran hacia una proyección de felicidad. Metodología: enfoque mixto. Con base en aspectos teóricos entre felicidad de orden cultural y subjetiva, se transita desde su construcción en el escenario escolar. Resultados: se evidencia el anhelo de los estudiantes de la media vocacional de tener un proyecto de vida que los haga felices, situación asociada a lo profesional, donde se configura una idea en la cual el docente contribuye poco en la construcción de dicho anhelo. Conclusión: es necesario que se visibilice un docente que contribuya a la felicidad de los estudiantes, con el objetivo de que la construcción se logre desde el sujeto mismo y no desde la imposición del sistema.
Identificación de capacidades de innovación en contextos universitarios virtuales: una aproximación desde una institución universitaria privada
Authors: García Pineda Vanessa , Rojas Arias Jhennifer Paola , Macías Urrego Jackeline Andrea , Rodríguez Correa Paula Andrea
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: El objetivo de este artículo fue identificar los factores con los que cuenta la institución universitaria que pueden ser de apoyo para fortalecer su capacidad de innovación, por medio de la realización de un diagnóstico de dichas capacidades.
Diseño/metodología: Se llevó a cabo una metodología que comprendió dos fases, la primera correspondió a la aplicación de una encuesta en línea a veintidós miembros del cuerpo docente y administrativo de la primera universidad virtual de Antioquia, la Fundación Universitaria Católica del Norte; el instrumento aplicado se basó en una propuesta de siete capacidades de innovación a partir de diferentes ítems validados en la literatura, cada uno medido a través de escala Likert. La segunda fase correspondió a la valoración de los resultados por medio de una escala de evaluación propuesta previamente en la literatura, la cual pretende identificar el grado de implementación de cada capacidad.
Resultados: Entre los principales resultados, se encontró que la flexibilidad en la captación de recursos y la adopción y capacitación en nuevas tecnologías son los aspectos que requieren mayor atención para incrementar las capacidades de innovación.
Conclusiones: Como principal conclusión, la universidad ha sido pionera en la implementación del contexto de universidad virtual; por lo tanto, es importante continuar desarrollando estrategias que permitan obtener resultados.
Originalidad: Este estudio propone elementos valiosos que le permiten a las instituciones de educación superior, como formadoras de profesionales, responder a las necesidades de la sociedad y adaptarse a los cambios constantes de esta, teniendo en cuenta que la innovación es un elemento que promueve el desempeño productivo, financiero y el crecimiento general de la organización. Por esto, la identificación de capacidades de innovación es un aspecto que le permite a las organizaciones determinar el dinamismo y contexto actual en el que se encuentran y adoptar estrategias que les permita mejorar en materia de innovación.
Does Shari’ah supervisory board characteristics affect Islamic banks’ financial performance? Evidence from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bashir Mohamed Sharif , Edris Mahmoud Mohamed Ali Mahmoud , Muslichah Muslichah
Published: October 2023

Shari’ah (Islamic law) governance has drawn considerable interest in the past few decades in an effort to enhance the outcomes and prolonged success of banks that follow the Islamic banking system. There is widespread awareness that Shari’ah governance enhances public trust in the integrity, management, and business functioning of Islamic banks and prevents any financial crisis that could affect the performance of banks. The current study has a primary objective to analyze the influence of Shari’ah Supervisory Board (SSB) characteristics upon the financial performance of the banks that follow the Islamic banking system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) based on features possessed by the SSB. The data considered for the period spans between 2013 and 2022 and focuses on four fully-fledged Islamic banks operating in the KSA. The Authors collected the annual reports of the banks to extract the financial data and analyzed it under descriptive statistical analysis. Further, an ordinary least square regression model was also applied in this study. The analytical outcomes reveal that the independence and the experience of the Shari’ah board exert a remarkable influence on the financial performance of the Islamic banks whereas the size of the Shari’ah board has no significant influence to note. The study suggests that the Saudi Central Bank (SAMA) should accelerate the incorporation of the Shari’ah governance framework in the banks that follow the Islamic banking system. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish a central SSB to coordinate the efforts of the committees of Saudi local banks and provide the necessary technical assistance for implementing optimal Shari’ah governance practices
Nirmatrelvir and ritonavir combination against COVID-19 caused by omicron BA.2.2: A single-center large observational study
Authors: Chen Zhangzhang , Chen Can , Li Ranyi , Xing Shuliang , Cao Lei , Qu Yue , Lv Qianzhou , Li Xiaoyu
Published: October 2023

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of
nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in the treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19
caused by the omicron BA. 2. 2 variant. Methods: An
observational study was conducted retrospectively to review the outcomes
of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients admitted between 26 April and 30
June, 2022. Patients’ baseline characteristics were collected and
assessed. Participants in the intervention group were administered
nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in addition to standard care, whereas those in
the control group only received standard care. The primary outcome was
the duration between symptoms onset or the initial positive RT-PCR test
and the subsequent conversion to a negative result. Results:
The analysis included 324 patients who were administered
nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and an equal number of control patients. The
patient characteristics in both groups were evenly matched. The average
duration from symptoms onset or the initial positive RT-PCR to negative
conversion was similar in both groups (16.2±5.0 vs. 16.1±6.3 days,
P=0.83). Control patients exhibited slower conversion in comparison to
patients who received nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment within 10 days of
symptom onset. Conclusion: These findings suggest that
administering nirmatrelvir-ritonavir within 10 days of symptom onset
could potentially reduce the time it takes for SARS-CoV-2-infected
patients to negative RT-PCR results, thereby expanding the current usage
guidelines for nirmatrelvir-ritonavir.
Soil and climate-dependent ingrowth inference: broadleaves on their slow way to conquer Swiss forests
Authors: Flury Roman , Portier Jeanne , Rohner Brigitte , Baltensweiler Andri , Meusburger Katrin Di Bella , Scherrer Daniel , Thuerig Esther , Stadelmann Golo
Published: October 2023

Forests provide essential ecosystem services that range from the
production of timber to the mitigation of natural hazards. Rapid
environmental changes, such as climate warming or the intensification of
disturbance regimes, threaten forests and endanger forest ecosystem
services. In light of these challenges, it is essential to understand
forests’ demographic processes of regeneration, growth, and mortality
and their relationship with environmental conditions. Specifically,
understanding the regeneration process in present-day forests is crucial
since it lays the foundation for the structure of future forests and
their tree species composition. We used Swiss National Forest Inventory
(NFI) data covering vast bio-geographic gradients over four decades to
achieve this understanding. Trees that reached a diameter at breast
height of 12 cm between two consecutive NFI campaigns were used
to determine regeneration and were referred to as ingrowth. Employing
three independent statistical models, we investigated the number,
species, and diameter of these ingrowth trees. The models were
subsequently implemented into a forest simulator to project the
development of Swiss forests until the mid-21
century. The simulation results showed a decrease and a shift in the
species composition of ingrowth, marked by a significant decrease in
Norway spruce (Picea abies) and concurrent increases in
broadleaves. Nevertheless, the pace of this change towards a more
natural species composition is relatively slow and is likely to slow
down even further as ingrowth declines in the future, in contrast to the
fast-changing climatic conditions. Hence, support through adaptive
planting strategies should be tested in case ingrowth does not ensure
the resilience of forests in the future. We conclude that since the
regeneration of forests is becoming increasingly challenging, the
current level at which ecosystem services are provided might not be
ensured in the coming decades.
A 98.5-dB DR Incremental ΔΣ ADC with Dynamic Zoom and Extended Counting for Audio Application
Authors: Wu Qixuan , Hong Zhiliang
Published: October 2023

A three-step discrete-time incremental analog-to-digital converter
(IADC) combines zoom, IΔΣM and dual-mode SAR-assisted extended counting
(EC). The IADC reuses the SAR ADC to reduce hardware cost by
reconfiguring its DAC array to either a 2-bit quantizer of the core IΔΣM
or a 5-bit EC ADC. Clocked at 4MHz with an OSR=99, the proposed IADC
achieves SNDR and DR of 93dB and 98.5dB, respectively, in a BW of
20.2kHz.
A simultaneous study of unsteady flow of MHD Casson and Williamson nanofluid past a slippery inclined flat surface
Authors: Yadav Bhagawan Singh , Choudhary Sushila
Published: October 2023

In the current study, we have simultaneously addressed a problem related
to the unsteady heat and mass transmission processes in Casson and
Williamson nanofluid (i.e., nano sized particles are suspended in
considered non-Newtonian fluids). Here both the fluids are considered
with electrically conducting property and it is guessed that fluid flow
is due to the slippery inclined stretching flat sheet with the
appearance of a non-uniform internal heat generation/absorbtion effect.
This study also explores the response of viscous dissipation, magnetic
strength and Joule heating. Thermophoresis impact along with Brownian
motion effect is incorporated and Buongiorno’s model is employed to
examine these two aspects. Non-linear equations are made more simpler
with the assistance of similarity variables. The numerical solutions are
calculated by two different methods, viz., the Runga-Kutta Fehlberg
method and bvp5c (along with shooting method) in MATLAB. Graphs are used
to express the numerically examined results of concentration, velocity,
temperature, Sherwood number, skin friction coefficient and Nusselt
number. There is a very good correlation between the current findings
and prior published studies in a few specific, constrained situations.
The unsteadiness parameter is observed to have a diminishing
relationship with the Casson and Williamson fluid momentum boundary
layer thickness, thermal profile, and nanoparticle concentration
profile. It’s important to remember that a magnetic field raises both
the temperature and the nanoparticle concentration within boundary
layer.
High-throughput first principles screening of transition metal dichalcogenides monolayers for overall water splitting and Photo-corrosion inhibition
Authors: Rehman Shafiq Ur , Wang Jun Wei , Mahmood Nasir , Xian Jian
Published: October 2023

Photocatalytic overall water splitting (OWS) is a promising route to
alleviate the energy crisis and provide clean renewable energy. OWS
using monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) has gained
substantial interest due to their intriguing optoelectronic properties.
However, TMDCs based OWS undergo high photo-corrosion in aqueous
environment which hinder the hydrogen conversion efficiency and
catalytic reactions. In this work, a pioneering first-principles
screening of TMDCs monolayers were conducted, assessing their
thermodynamic stability, solar to hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency,
stability in aqueous solution and catalytic activities. We have
identified MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and CrS2 monolayers in 2H phase, as well as
PtSe2, PdSe2, and NiSe2 monolayers in 1T phase, to be highly stable in
aqueous solution and efficient towards OWS. The screened TMDCs
monolayers can effectively resist oxidative and reductive
photo-corrosion in both acidic and alkaline environments. The oxidation
and reduction potentials of the selected monolayers can be adjusted by
tuning the pH level of the electrolyte to inhibit photo-corrosion. TMDCs
monolayers have robust catalytic activities with low overpotentials of
(0.31˗1.57) V for the oxygen and (0.19˗0.49) V for hydrogen evolutions.
Moreover, the monolayers have high STH efficiencies such as MoS2
(10.4%), MoSe2 (16%), WS2 (11.1%), CrS2 (27.3%), PtSe2 (22.2%),
PdSe2 (19.6%) and NiSe2 (20.1%), making them highly promising for
commercial applications in hydrogen fuel conversion.
Leaf conduits grow wider than thicker and are potentially vulnerable to implosion
Authors: Matos Ilaíne , McDonough Samantha , Johnson Breanna Carrillo , Kalantar Diana , Rohde James , Sahu Roshni , Wang Joyce , Fontao Adrian , To Jason , Carlos Sonoma , Garcia Lisa , Boakye Mickey , Forbes Holly , Blonder Benjamin
Published: October 2023

Xylem conduits have lignified walls to resist crushing pressures. The
thicker the double-wall ( T) relative to its maximum diameter (
D), the greater the collapse/implosion resistance. Having xylem
that is more resistant than necessary incurs high costs and reduced
flow, while having xylem not resistant enough may lead to catastrophic
collapse under drought. Despite the importance of xylem implosion safety
in determining plant drought resistance, it is still unclear how leaves
scale Tx D to trade-off among implosion safety, flow
efficiency, mechanical support, and construction cost. We measured
T and D in over 7,000 leaf xylem conduits of 122 ferns and
angiosperms species to investigate how the Tx D scaling
varies across species, clades, habitats, growth forms, and vein orders.
Overall, leaf xylem conduits grow wider than thicker, potentially
resulting in high flow efficiency and lower cost, but at the expense of
high vulnerability to implosion. Conduits seem particularly vulnerable
to implosion in monocots, aquatic species and in species from hydric
habitats, as well as in major veins. The absence of strong trade-offs
within the leaf functional traits examined suggests that implosion
safety at the whole-leaf level cannot be easily predicted by the sum of
the individual conduits’ resistance to collapse.
Both local stability and dispersal contribute to metacommunity sensitivity to asynchronous habitat availability (depending on landscape structure and foodweb complexity)
Authors: Espanes Pablo Moisset de , Ramos-Jiliberto Rodrigo
Published: October 2023

The stability of isolated communities is determined by foodweb
complexity. However, it is unclear how local stability interacts with
dispersal in multitrophic metacommunities to shape biodiversity
patterns. Furthermore, metacommunity dynamics in landscapes with
non-trivial and dynamic structures are less understood. We aim to
evaluate the influence of local stabilizing factors versus dispersal in
determining the sensitivity of metacommunity biodiversity to increasing
site availability asynchrony. Additionally, we assess the role of
foodweb and landscape complexities as modulating factors. To achieve
these goals, we developed a model based on random matrices for local
communities linked by stochastic dispersal over explicit, dynamic
landscapes. Both local and regional stabilizing factors determined the
sensitivity of metacommunities to landscape asynchrony. Local factors
were more influential in landscapes with fewer sites and lower
modularity, and in more complex foodwebs. We delve into the mechanisms
underlying our results and discuss potential extensions of our study.
Multi-Conductor Electromagnetic Coupling Model for Sensitive Wires Subject to Driven Wire in Complex Electronic Systems
Authors: Wu Duo-Long , Jiang Fan , Chen Lulu , Xue Bing , Tian Xinxin , Ye Liang Hua , Li Jian-Feng
Published: October 2023

A novel multi-conductor electromagnetic coupling model for the
sensitive-wire subject to driven wire in a high-precision machining
workbench is proposed in this paper. The general coupling model for an
N-wire system is derived and is used to evaluate the wire
coupling effect. Furthermore, 4-wire and 3-wire models are demonstrated
to verify the accuracy through full-wave electromagnetic simulation
below 10 MHz. The results show that the error between the proposed
method and the full-wave electromagnetic simulation is less than 10%,
demonstrating the high efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.
When the parameters of the driven power wire and the most sensitive wire
are fixed and the parameters of neighboring wires are swept, the maximum
fluctuation of the induced current on the most sensitive wire is 6.1 dB.
The efficient calculation method proposed in this work helps reduce the
risk of electromagnetic interference in complex electronic systems and
improves the design efficiency of wires. It is promising to become a
high-performance method with high efficiency and precision.
Late-onset lymphopenia during radiation is associated with an increased risk of tumor recurrence in newly-diagnosed pediatric medulloblastoma
Authors: Lindsay Holly B. , Scheurer Michael , Allam Anthony K. , McGovern Susan , Chintagumpala Murali , Paulino Arnold
Published: October 2023

Background: Recent data found a correlation between lymphopenia
occurring early during craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and risk of
disease recurrence in newly-diagnosed childhood medulloblastoma.
However, the population included patients that
received myelosuppressive chemotherapy prior to or during RT. Here we
investigate the effect of lymphopenia during RT in patients with
newly-diagnosed pediatric medulloblastoma who did not receive
myelosuppressive chemotherapy with RT. Procedure: We analyzed
54 patients with newly-diagnosed medulloblastoma (ages 2-21 years)
treated between 1997-2013 with CSI. Log-rank tests were used to
determine survival differences, and Cox proportional hazards regression
was used to assess associations between patient characteristics and
lymphopenia with disease recurrence risk. Results: 78% of
patients (40/51) had grade ≥3 lymphopenia by RT week 3; 49% (23/47)
improved to grade ≤2 lymphopenia by week 5. Similarly, the lowest median
absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) occurred during RT week 3. Sixteen of 54
(30%) patients recurred an average of 30.2 months post-diagnosis. There
was higher risk of disease recurrence in patients with grade ≥3
lymphopenia during weeks 4 (log-rank p=0.015; Cox p=0.03) and 5
(log-rank p=0.0009; Cox p=0.004) of RT. Recurrence-free survival was
lower in patients with ALC Conclusions: Lymphopenia during RT weeks 4
and 5 correlates with increased risk of tumor recurrence in pediatric
patients with newly-diagnosed medulloblastoma. Future studies should
correlate baseline numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes with risks
of lymphopenia during RT and tumor recurrence.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of new-onset atrial fibrillation in the context of COVID-19
Authors: Rathore Sawai Singh , Atulkar Akanksha , Remala Kavya , Corrales Vanessa Vidaurre , Farrukh Ameer Mustafa , Puar Ravinderjeet Kaur , Yao Sem Josue Nsanh , Ganipineni Vijaya Durga Pradeep , Patel Nirmal , Thota Naganath , Kumar Ashish , Deshmukh Abhishek
Published: October 2023

Background: New-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) in COVID-19
raises significant clinical and public health issues. This systematic
review and meta-analysis aims to compile and analyze the current
literature on NOAF in COVID-19 and give a more comprehensive
understanding of the prevalence and outcomes of NOAF in COVID-19.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was carried out
using several databases. The random effect model using inverse variance
method and DerSimonian and Laird estimator of Tua2 was used to calculate
the pooled prevalence and associated 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results for outcome analysis were presented as odds ratios (ORs) with
95% CI and pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel random-effects model.
Results: The pooled prevalence of NOAF in COVID-19 was 7.8%
(95% CI, 6.54% to 9.32%), pooled estimate from 30 articles (81,929
COVID-19 patients). Furthermore, our analysis reported that COVID-19
patients with NOAF had a higher risk of developing severe disease
compared with COVID–19 patients without a history of atrial
fibrillation (OR= 4.78, 95% CI 3.75 to 6.09) and COVID-19 patients with
a history of pre-existing atrial fibrillation (OR= 2.75, 95% CI 2.10 to
3.59) . Similarly, our analysis also indicated that COVID–19 patients
with NOAF had a higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with,
COVID–19 patients without a history of atrial fibrillation (OOR= 3.83,
95% CI 2.99 to 4.92) and COVID-19 patients with a history of
pre-existing atrial fibrillation (OR= 2.32, 95% CI 1.35 to 3.96). The
meta-analysis did not reveal any significant publication bias.
Conclusion: The results of the current meta-analysis a high
prevalence rate of NOAF among COVID-19 patients. Further the study
reported higher disease severity with NOAF compared with COVID-19
patients without a history of atrial fibrillation and with a history of
atrial fibrillation.
Framework for Face recognition and Scene Description using Deep Learning for Visually Challenged people
Authors: Suseela S. , Sharon Felicia
Published: October 2023

Independent living is becoming more and more important in
today’s society, where persons with visual impairments struggle with a
lot of limitations. Visually impaired people are at a disadvantage since
they need manual help to compel information about their surroundings.
Since many tasks require visual information, persons who are visually
impaired find it difficult to complete many of life’s essential chores,
such as going for a stroll, eating, and conversing with a group of
people. The development of technology has made it feasible to assist the
blind. With the advent of recent advances in Artificial Intelligence
Techniques and Deep Learning models, this project proposes a
sophisticated system to help visually challenged people. The system uses
Deep Learning Faster R-CNN ResNet-50 FPN for object detection, CNN
ResNet-50 for Face recognition, and CNN ResNet-50 and LSTM for Image
Captioning. Then a voice message is generated to assist the Visually
Impaired person.
Unlocking the Potential of High-Resolution Satellite Imagery for Soybean Phenotyping and Maturity Estimation in Plant Breeding
Authors: Mazis Anastasios , Barbeau Adam , Linares Julien , Das Pringale Kumar , Barr Jeremiah , Coles Nathan
Published: October 2023

Plant breeding programs demand efficient and accurate methods for crop
phenotyping, especially for economically important crops like soybeans.
Traditional manual assessment methods are labor-intensive and prone to
errors. The emerging field of phenomics leverages advanced technologies,
including high-resolution satellite and drone imagery, to monitor crops
in a time, cost and labor efficient way. Drones offer localized,
high-resolution data but have limitations in coverage and operator
skills. In contrast, high-resolution satellite imagery provides
broad-scale views of the vegetation with increasing improvements in
spatial and temporal resolution.

Our study investigates the potential of high-resolution satellite
imagery as an alternative to drone imagery for assessing soybean
maturity and monitoring the crop condition in a small plot breeding
program. We compare the efficiency of these two technologies and we
explore the utilization of various vegetation indices (VIs) derived from
satellite-based multispectral imaging sensors for maturity estimation,
indirect assessment of essential plant traits and identification of the
growing patterns of different maturity groups.

Our findings reveal the promise of high-resolution satellite imagery as
a valuable tool in soybean phenotyping, addressing the spatial scale
challenges in breeding programs. With advances in spatial resolution,
satellites can provide detailed insights into crop health, productivity,
and resource management. This research contributes to the evolution of
precision agriculture, offering a cost-effective and scalable solution
for monitoring soybean maturity and enhancing crop adaptability and
yield.
Comparative characteristics of pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children
Authors: Bevza S. L. , Molochkova O. V. , Kovalev O. B. , Shamsheva O. V. , Sakharova A. A. , Korsunsky A. A. , Parshina M. V. , Burkova K. G. , Labuzova E. A. , Sokolova N. V.
Published: October 2023

The urgency of the problem of community-acquired pneumonia in children is due to the high incidence rate. In the etiological structure of bacterial pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumonia (Mp) prevail.

Purpose: to identify clinical, laboratory and instrumental features of mycoplasmal pneumonia in children.

Materials and methods. A retrospective,  single-center cohort study  of  266  case  histories  of  children  aged  4 months to 17 years who were in Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9 in 2019 with a referral diagnosis of pneumonia was carried out. To verify the diagnosis of pneumonia, the method of chest X-ray was used, for the etiological diagnosis, the method of PCR swabs from the nasopharynx, ELISA for the detection of antibodies of the IgM and IgG classes was used. Results. The diagnosis  of  pneumonia was confirmed in 190 children. The diagnosis of pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae (MpP) was established in 76 (40%) children, they made up the 1st group. The remaining 114 (60%) children with community-acquired pneumonia of another etiology (CAP) made up the 2nd group – comparisons. The diagnosis of MpP was confirmed in 46 (60.5%) children by the detection of IgM, in 12 (15.8%) by the detection of Mp genetic material, and in  18  (23.7%) by positive both IgM and PCR. The median age of children in the group with MpP was 9.6 years, in the comparison group – 4 years (p<0.01). Significantly more often MpP occurs in children aged 11–17 years (p < 0.01), and CAP – up to 7 years (p < 0.01). With MpP, catarrhal phenomena in the form of hyperemia of the oropharynx, nasal congestion, and unproductive cough are observed less frequently than with CAP. With MpP, rales in the lungs are heard more often than with CAP, they are significantly more often wet (p<0.01). Respiratory failure and dyspnea are less common in MpP than in CAP. Bilateral lesions and lesions of the upper lobe of the lungs are more often detected in MpP, and in CAP – right-sided lesions. In the general blood test, leukocytosis, incl. above 15  thousand/µl,  as well as leukopenia below 4 thousand/µl were significantly more frequent in the group of patients with CAP (p<0.01). Conclusion. No clear clinical and laboratory criteria for mycoplasmal etiology of pneumonia have been obtained, which dictates the need for laboratory confirmation for the choice of therapy tactics.
A case of manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia in a teenager on the background of coronavirus infection COVID-19
Authors: Komissarova A. Yu. , Tumash O. L.
Published: October 2023

This clinical case describes the manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) against the backdrop of severe COVID-19 infection in a teenage patient. The patient’s examination data, medical history, and available scientific literature on the relationship between COVID-19 and leukemia manifestation were studied and analyzed. COVID-19 infection in the context of AML was severe, with respiratory failure and involvement of more than 90% of the lungs according to computed tomography data. Changes observed in peripheral blood did not have specific alterations and only indirectly indicated an unfavorable premorbid background. This clinical case reflects the likelihood of the simultaneous presence of COVID-19 and other acute severe illnesses.
Meningitis of hantavirus etiology
Authors: Garbuzov A. A. , Fedkina Yu. A. , Bairakova A. L. , Timchenko O. L. , Khavkina D. A. , Ruzhentsova T. A. , Chukhliaev P. V.
Published: October 2023

The article describes a clinical case of serous meningitis in a patient with confirmed hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Despite the moderate-severe course of the disease with moderate hemorrhagic syndrome, the patient had the development of acute renal failure with the simultaneous occurrence of a rare complication – inflammation of the meningeal membranes caused by hantavirus.
Generalized Varicella Zoster infection in a patient with lymphogranulomatosis after bone marrow transplantation: clinical and laboratory characteristics and virus genotyping
Authors: Matsiyeuskaya N. V. , Samoilovich E. O. , Semeyko G. V. , Gvozdelyuk O. V. , Yushkevich A. S.
Published: October 2023

A description of a laboratory confirmed clinical case of generalized Varicella Zoster infection in a patient with lymphogranulomatosis after bone marrow transplantation is presented.

Detection of the Varicella Zoster virus in biological material was carried out by real-time PCR using the RealBest DNA VZV test system manufactured by Vector-BEST, Russian Federation. Isolation of viral DNA from biological material was performed using the ArtRNA MiniSpin kit (ArtBioTech, Belarus) or QIAamp DNA mini kit (QIAGEN, Germany).

The disease had an atypically severe course with a multiorgan lesion, represented not only by lesions  of  the  skin and mucous membranes, but also by the development of encephalitis, myocarditis, and pneumonia. The disease was characterized by an acute onset, with a pronounced intoxication syndrome, signs of pancreatitis with the appearance  of a widespread vesicular rash on the trunk and extremities, prone to fusion, located, including on the scalp, on the feet and palms. The disease was complicated by a secondary bacterial infection, in connection with which the patient received both antiviral treatment and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy.

The virus was assigned to clade 3 (or E2 genotype according to the old classification), the same genotype as the viruses circulating in Minsk. This case is the first described case of generalized VZV infection in the Republic of Belarus, confirmed by laboratory using molecular genetic methods.
The results of hemostasis assessment using thromboelastography in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Gorodin V. N. , Moysova D. L. , Surkova A. D.
Published: October 2023

All currently existing studies of the hemostasis system  in COVID-19 using thromboelastography (TEG) were performed on the delta strain of SARS-CoV-2, while there is no information in the literature on conducting such studies in patients infected with the current omicron strain.

Research objective. To determine the state of the hemostasis system in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (omicron strain) using TEG. To assess the relevance of existing guidelines on anticoagulant therapy.

Materials and methods. TEG was performed in 93 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 aged 1 to 88 years, of which 66 patients (group 1) on the first day and 27 patients (group 2) – on the second day. For comparison with the parameters of healthy volunteers, a sample of 30 people was formed. Data analysis was performed using the Statistica, version  12 (StatSoft, USA). To compare the independent variable in more than two samples, a multivariate ANOVA analysis of variance was performed with the calculation of the Kruskal-Wallis test. To assess the relationships between continuous variables, the Spearman direct linear correlation coefficient (r) was determined.

Results. 53% of patients had hypocoagulation, 31% had normocoagulation, and 16% had hypercoagulation. Elderly patients (61 [26–72]) more often have developed hypocoagulation. Young patients (24.5 [7–37]) more often have developed hypercoagulation. Routine methods for assessing hemostasis did not reflect its true state. Higher levels of fibrinogen (4.5 [5.8–4] g/l) and D-dimer (1.28 [0.5–2.77] µg/ ml) were observed in patients from the group with normocoagulation. Was revealed a statistical tendency towards an increase in the level of amylase when there was an increase in the coagulation properties of the blood.

Conclusion. With the current course of COVID-19 and early admission of non-severe patients to the hospital, normocoagulation and hypocoagulation predominate. Elderly and senile patients are not recommended to prescribe anticoagulants without TEG. It is necessary to specify the recommendations for prescribing anticoagulants to hospitalized patients. For the diagnosis of hemostasis disorders expand application of TEG.
Do we need coronavirus vaccination today?
Authors: Tikhomirova K. K. , Kharit S. M.
Published: October 2023

The World Health Organization announced on May 4, 2023 that coronavirus infection is no longer a global emergency, but despite this, it proposed a strategy for 2023-2025 that includes the definition of immunization principles by each country, the need for case registrations and surveillance behind the virus. The review article presents data on high-risk groups for a severe course of a SARS-CoV-2 and new approaches to vaccination and revaccination recommended by WHO on depending on risk factors in patients and circulating new strains of the virus.
An artificial intelligence approach for prognosis of COVID-19 course in hospitalized patients
Authors: Karonova T. L. , Korsakov I. N. , Mikhailova A. A. , Lagutina D. I. , Chernikova A. T. , Vashukova М. A. , Smolnikova M. A. , Gusev D. A. , Konradi A. O. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: October 2023

Aim. To create algorithm and risk calculator for predicting the lethal outcome in patients with COVID-19.

Materials and methods. Based on machine learning approach mortality risk calculator was developed in Almazov National Medical Research Centre using data of the hospitalised patients with an established diagnosis of COVID-19 (n=4071).

Results. This mathematical model, which includes 11 significant features, has been proposed for estimation of fatal outcomes in the Clinical Infectious Hospital named after S.P. Botkin. Some key features were not assessed in most hospitals according to accepted standards of care for COVID-19. So systematic analysis of factors affecting the course of disease in patients (n=2876) were conducted and «urea» and «total protein» were replaced with «sex» and «BMI». Modified algorithm demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion. This calculator is able to predict hospitalisation outcome with high accuracy in patients infected with different strains of SARS-CoV-2. This decision support system may be used for risk stratification and following correct patients routing.
A Review of Current Oral Sedation Agents for Pediatric Dentistry
Authors: Dowdy Regina A. E. , Forgy Sarah , Hefnawi Oussama , Neimar Tiffany A.
Published: October 2023

The administration of oral sedatives for minimal and moderate sedation is common practice for pediatric dentistry. Being up to date with contemporary medications and dosing recommendations is imperative for patient safety. Historic medications such as chloral hydrate have become obsolete with the introduction of benzodiazepines and other newer medications such as alpha-2 adrenergic agonists. Oral opioids are useful for analgesia and mild sedation but may result in significant respiratory depression when combined with other central nervous system depressants and, if left untreated, hypoxemia. Antihistamines can provide minimal sedation but may have other added benefits such as antiemetic and antisialagogue effects. This review will discuss relevant pharmacologic aspects, including onset, duration of action, metabolism, and adverse reactions, for several common agents used for minimal and moderate oral sedation to assist practitioners in determining ideal medications or combinations that fit the needs of the pediatric patient and dental procedure contingent upon the provider’s level of training.