bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
تحوّلات المكان من العينيّ إلى الذهنيّ
Authors: Alghathami (عبد الله الغذّامي) Abdullah
Published: September 2022

المستخلص

علاقة الإنسان مع المكان تمرّ بتحوّلاتٍ نوعيّة تعيد تعريف معنى المكان عنده؛ إذ يتحوّل من العينيّ النفعيّ والعمليّ إلى الذهنيّ حتّى لينسخ الذهنيُّ العينيَّ ويحلّ مكانه ويصبح خطابًا يكشف معنى المكان ودلالته الخاصّة. ويجري ذلك عبر التنقّل من معنًى إلى معنى وبالتالي من قيمةٍ إلى قيمة. فالمكان في أصله هو الحيّز الجغرافيّ الذي يكتشف فيه الإنسان نفسه ويبني عبره منظومة علاقاته بمعناها المعاشيّ، وهذه قيمة نفعيّة وعمليّة، ولكنّ هذه النفعيّة تتحوّل مع مرور الوقت إلى ألفة شعوريّة، وكلّما تقوّت الألفة تجذّرت حتّى لتبلغ مبالغ دقيقةً جدًّا في قوّة معناها عند صاحب المكان. وفي بعض المناطق الريفيّة يُنظر للمكان على أنّه مرادفٌ لمعنى الشرف، ويكون الدفاع عنه دفاعًا عن الشرف، وقد يبلغ الأمر حدّ قتل المعتدي على الأرض، وهذا تحويل للمكان من وجوده العينيّ إلى وجودٍ ذهنيّ‫.‬

وتتنوّع صيغ الصور الذهنيّة للمكان لتأخذ في تنويعات خطابيّة بين الشعريّ والثقافيّ والفلسفيّ، ويقف البحث على الخطابات الثلاثة بأمثلةٍ تتبع الصور الذهنيّة لعلاقة الإنسان بالمكان، وأثر المكان بوصفه أحد مكوّنات الخطاب الجماليّ والخطاب الفكريّ التي ترجم فيها الإنسان ذاته عبر تمثّله له، وعبر تحوّل المكان إلى أثر وتحوّله من وجوده العينيّ إلى وجود ذهنيّ عابر للظرفيّة والعينيّة‫.‬
الأثر في كتاب أدب الغرباء
Authors: Khaldi (بثينة خالدي) Boutheina
Published: September 2022

المستخلص

الغربة في كتاب أدب الغرباء لأبي الفرج الأصفهانيّ (ت 356‫/‬967) تجربة إنسانيّة مختلفة الشكول والألوان، تلبّست بالكتابة وسيلةً للإفصاح عن غياب وتوثيقًا لحضور. جاءت هذه الكتابة في شكل نوادر وأخبار وأشعار قصيرة حُفرت على الجدران والأبواب تاركةً أثرًا لمرتحِلٍ أو علامةً لمفارِق. يقوم المتنُ على ثالوثٍ من الموارِدِ هي: التجربة الذاتيّة، والتجربة المسموعة، والتجربة المعاينة، وجميعها صادرٌ عن شعور بالغربة مرير، وتشرّدٍ عن الديار قاسٍ، أو نزوح عن المرابِضِ اضطراريّ. أسبابٌ عدّةٌ دفعت المرتحلين إلى خطِّ أثرٍ مُعَبِّرٍ عنهم على الجدران؛ إذ لا مَخرجَ من غربتهم وكربهم وشَكَاتِهم غير الكتابة‫.‬

يتناول البحث الكتابة الجداريّة في كتاب أدب الغرباء منطلقًا ومبحثًا، ولا يعود اختيار الموضوع إلى جِدّته وطرافته فحسب، بل إلى نُدرة الدراسات التي عُنيت بالبحث فيه. فالأبحاث المتّصلة بالكتابات الجداريّة التراثيّة بصفة عامّة، والكتابات الجداريّة في التراث العربيّ بصفة خاصّة، قليلةٌ بخلاف العصر الحديث الذي لقي فيه هذا المبحث اهتمامًا متزايدًا من الدارسين والباحثين. يتناول البحث تمظهرات الغربة في الفضاء الخارجيّ، ويبحث في الأثر/الجرافيتي بصفته نصًّا متعدّد الأصوات، مفتوح الدلالات، يتّخذه الغرباء والمهمّشون وسيلةً لإحياء التواصل بينهم والتدليل على حضورهم‫.‬
آثار مجد القسطنطينيّة وانهزامها في رحلة ابن بطّوطة
Authors: al-Tayeb (فاتحة الطايب) Fatiha
Published: September 2022

المستخلص

تسعى هذه الدراسة إلى الإحاطة بجماليّة الأثر في تحفة النظّار في غرائب الأمصار وعجائب الأسفار لابن بطّوطة (1304–1377م)، بالتركيز على رحلته إلى مدينة القسطنطينيّة في وقتٍ حرج من تاريخها. وذلك عن طريق الحفر في بنية ملفوظ النصّ لتحديد الآثار المحتفى بها من ناحية، والتفاعل من ناحية ثانية مع بنيته التحتيّة غير المكتوبة عبر ملء الفراغات وسدّ الفجوات – استنادًا إلى توجيهات النصّ الداخليّة – لإضاءة الآثار المسكوت عنها والمهملة. وحتّى تتمكّن الدراسة من المشاركة في إنتاج المعنى بشكل يسمح بإعادة تشييد صورة عاصمة الإمبراطوريّة البيزنطيّة في الرحلة، عمدَتْ إلى توسيع أفق مفهوم ”الأثر“ ليشمل مختلف العلامات والعناصر الحضاريّة التي ترمز إلى مجد القسطنطينيّة وانهزامها زمنَ زيارة ابن بطّوطة لها‫.‬
الرسوم الباقية من عصور الأندلس الزاهية: قراءة ذاتيّة حيّة
Authors: Ibrahim (عبد الله إبراهيم) Abdullah
Published: September 2022

المستخلص

‫”الرسوم الباقية من عصور الأندلس الزاهية“ عنوانٌ يهتدي – كما لا يغيب عن أحد – بعنوان كتاب الآثار الباقية عن القرون الخالية لأبي الريحان البيرونيّ (ت 1048م)؛ فالأثر الباقي يدلّ على ما كانت عليه الأحوال في الماضي. وقد وقع الاختيار على الأثر الأندلسيّ كونه الرسم الأبقى من حضارة طواها النسيان، ولم تبق غير ثقافتها شاخصة بالآثار الناطقة بها. والمراد من الوقوف على الأثر الأندلسيّ جعله يدلّ على ما كان عليه في سياقه وفي عصره. ولأنّ البحث يقع في أهمّيّة ”الأثر،“ يلزم التفكير باللغة؛ فما الذي يجعل الأثر حاملًا لمحمول توارى عن الأنظار فيما عجزت اللغة عن حمله؟ وبعبارة أدقّ، لماذا لا تحمل اللغة العربيّة آداب أهلها إلى العالم في العصور الحديثة؟ ولماذا حملت الآثار الباقية حضارتهم إلى كثير من أرجاء العالم؟ يقوم البحث على استنطاق دلالة الآثار الباقية في الأندلس العربيّة، وينطلق في قراءتها اعتمادًا على زيارات الكاتب لها، والقصد منه تقديم قراءة حيّة للأثر دون الوقوف على تعاريفه في المصادر؛ فقوام البحث هو ترحّلٌ شخصيّ لتلك الآثار، واستنطاق دلالاتها الثقافيّة، والاعتبار بما تشهد به الآن عن الماضي السحيق.‬
الانزياحات الدلاليّة لـ“الأثر الدارس” في القصيدة الصوفيّة بين اللطائف العرفانيّة والمؤثّرات الربّانيّة
Authors: Khoualdia (أسماء خوالديّة) Asma
Published: September 2022

المستخلص

لئن اعتاد الأفقُ التقليديّ تقبُّلَ “الأثر” أمارةً عَيانيّةً ملموسةً تُنبِئُ بفاعلها الفائت الزائل، أو طللًا دارسًا يعبّر عن فجيعة العاشق باكيًا زمنَ أُنسه بحبيبته ولذّات وصالها، فإنّه في المنظور الصوفيّ بدا على خلاف ذلك بالكلّيّة. إنّه لا يُدرَك بالحواسّ، إنّما هو قلبيّ عرفانيّ، وهو لِلَطافته لا يُمكن بيانُه، وهيهات البرهنة عليه أو وصفه أو تعيينه لأنّه حاجبٌ ومحجوب في الآن ذاته‪.‬

يدرس البحث الانزياحات الدلاليّة لـ“الأثر الدارس” في القصيدة الصوفيّة بين اللطائف العرفانيّة والمؤثّرات الربّانيّة عن طريق تمثُّل “الأثر” جسدًا متخرّقًا ثمّ قادحًا للّطائف العرفانيّة، فأمارةً على المؤثّرات الربّانيّة. وذلك في سياق رمزيّ عامّ تشِفُّ فيه العبارات عن إشارات حرص الصوفيّ رغم استتارها إلّا على الخلصاء من السالكين‪.‬
Use of Images to Support Critical Visual Literacy
Authors: Adil Rehana
Published: September 2022

In a contemporary society dominated by visual media, critical visual literacy (cvl) is a significant skill to inculcate, and yet, in some educational systems, its integration in teaching and education has not (yet) achieved enough recognition, especially in a context like Pakistan. As it is assumed that students will develop the necessary competencies by themselves as they operate in a far more visually stimulating world today. This view, however, is contested in literature where it is claimed that students can learn to develop cvl competencies just like they develop their phonemic literacy skills. Thus, the current study investigated how the use of images in a classroom of 12-year-olds in Karachi, Pakistan can help them develop cvl. Using an action research methodology with video-recorded observations, focus-group interviews, teacher’s reflections, and students’ work, data was obtained over 10 weeks. The findings from the study suggested that as students analysed and interpreted images, they enhanced their abilities to consider multiple perspectives, critical thinking, application-based learning, and visualization, eventually, improving their engagement, learning, and development. However, for some students, the process of critical interrogation of images was found to be challenging. Also, a well-prepared teacher with pedagogical content knowledge on cvl was found equally important to involve students in more meaningful learning experiences.
Research on Mechanism of Curcumin with Chitosan Nanoparticles in Regulating the Activity of Podocytes in Diabetic Nephropathy Through Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
Authors: Gao Lichao , Lv Qiang , Wang Yujie , Zhang Dongmei , Ding Wenfei , Cao Ling , Ou Santao
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to assess the mechanism of curcumin with chitosan nanoparticles in regulating the activity of podocytes in diabetic nephropathy through alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. MCP-5 cells were cultivated in vitro after being randomly divided into
four sets, including control set, high sugar set, curcumin set and nanometer set. Proliferation was detected and apoptotic condition was detected through testing activity of Caspase 3. The activities of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also detected, and also the ROS
content. Expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were detected through enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, and mRNA and protein expression of podocin was detected. Results showed that the proliferation of podocytes was prompted in the curcumin set and set of curcumin
with chitosan nanoparticles, while the activity of Caspase 3 was reduced. Moreover, the contents of MDA and ROS were reduced, while the SOD activity was increased. The presentation of TGF-β1, and secretions of TNF-α and IL-6 were reduced, while the secretion of IL-10
was increased and presentation of podocin was increased. The activity of podocytes in diabetic nephropathy was improved by curcumin with chitosan nanoparticles through alleviating the oxidative stress and inflammation. The apoptosis was reduced. The development of diabetic nephropathy could
be therefore effectively improved.
Relationship Between Microscopic Pore Structure and Strength of Cement-Based Materials with Low Water-Binder Ratio Under Sulfate Attack Environment
Authors: Bai Min , Lu Yangbo , Zhang Zhe , Cao Kaiyue , Cai Linlin , Li Hui
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the mass loss test, relative dynamic elasticity modulus test, compressive strength test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTG), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) were used to study the performance of cement-based materials with low water-binder ratio after sulfate
attack, and the influence of microsilica dosage and erosion period on the performance was also investigated. The results indicate that the microsilica mixed can improve the macro-properties of cement-based material with low water-binder ratio after sulfate attack, and as the microsilica dosage
is increased, the improvement effect tends to decrease after an increase, while the microsilica dosage is 15%, all performance indexes are the best. This study also demonstrates that the microsilica dosage could affect the mass percent and pore structure distribution of the hydration products
of cement-based materials with low water-binder ratio after sulfate attack, and different pore structure distribution may have impact on compressive strength of cement-based materials. Besides, we established relation models for the influence of capillary pores’ and gel pores’
proportion on the compressive strength of cement-based material after sulfate attack, and concluded that there was no interaction between the impacts of two pore types on compressive strength.
Simulation and Optimization of the Combined High-Gradient Magnetic Separation-Ultraviolet Photocatalysis (HGMS-UV/TiO2) System for Ballast Water Treatment
Authors: Liu Xiaolei , Lu Zheng
Published: September 2022

Ballast water has a negative impact on marine environment; the existing combined ultraviolet (UV) filtration system that for treating ballast water has relatively low effective rate and instability in inactivating microorganisms. In this study, the established high gradient magnetic
separation-ultraviolet photocatalysis (HGMS-UV/TiO2) system was taken, the back propagation (BP) neural network and TracePro was used to simulate and analyse the UV field intensity in the system for optimizing. Further experimental verification was carried out with seawater sample
to measure its inactivation effects on microorganisms including zooplankton, phytoplankton and bacteria. The results showed that HGMS-UVC/TiO2 system had good inactivation effect on zooplankton and bacteria, but relatively poor inactivation effect on phytoplankton. The optimal strategy
for optimizing the UV intensity was further obtained, it is concluded that after adding ultraviolet A (UVA), the UV intensity distribution of the system is more uniform, and the average illumination intensity is also improved, but the optical path of UV in ballast water should not be too long.
The optimized system could increase the intracellular K+ leakage of phytoplankton cells by more than 25%, indicating that the damage to cell membrane permeability was stronger. In conclusion, the optimized HGMS-UVA/UVC/TiO2 system can improve the inactivation capacity
of microorganisms and provide basic theoretical support for improving the capacity and level of treatment in ballast water.
Fabrication of Sensor-on-Wafer (SoW) Temperature Monitoring Sensor
Authors: Bae Jeong Woon
Published: September 2022

Monitoring the wafer temperature during etching is the most important step in maintaining the optimized process condition. The change in the wafer temperature in the high-volume manufacturing (HVM) environment can produce unwanted results such as process failure. In this study, a wafer-type
temperature sensor with a diameter, thickness, and weight of 300 mm, 1.3 mm, and 207 g, respectively, was fabricated. The fabricated wafer sensor could measure temperature in the wide range of −30 to 140 °C with 73 points and obtain the wafer temperature with a temperature resolution
of 0.065 °C. Particularly, it showed stable performance, collecting information steadily and transmitting information to the Front Opening Unified Pod (FOUP) even at temperatures below −30 °C. Additionally, for both the inductively-coupled-plasma (ICP) and capacitively-coupled-plasma
etching processes, even under very large plasma power conditions, the wafer sensor exhibited a stable operation without deforming or damaging the process chamber. The outermost area had the greatest influence on the current yield and was the area where analysis and diagnosis were performed
most carefully using the wafer temperature sensor. The temperature distribution of the wafer on the electrostatic chuck (ESC) obtained using the capacitively-coupled-plasma etching equipment ranged between 127.19 and 136.65 °C, and the standard deviation was about 2.34 °C over the
entire 300 mm area.
Inhibitory Effect of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Nanoparticles Loaded with Resveratrol and Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted on Chromosome Ten (PTEN) siRNA on Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Yao Fei , Lin Lizhu , Shi Wei , Li Chunshan , Liang Zongjin , Huang Chunli
Published: September 2022

More than 50% of patients with Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) develop metastasis after diagnosis, and only 14% of patients survive for more than 5 years. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles are characterized by good stability and long vascular circulation time,
and are particularly suitable for passive targeted treatment of tumors. Resveratrol (Res) can prevent normal cell carcinogenesis, inhibit the spread of cancer cells and cause cancer cell apoptosis. However, the use of resveratrol has been limited because of low bioavailability and short half-life.
We in this study intended to find a highly specific nano-delivery system to enhance the therapeutic effect against tumors through carrying chemotherapeutic drugs and siRNA. PLGApolyethylene imine (PEI) nanoparticles co-delivered by resveratrol and PTEN siRNA were prepared. Oregon Green and
Cy5 were used to label resveratrol and siRNA PTEN, respectively, and characterized by electron microscopy. Then, the nanoparticles were used to treat lung cancer cells. Western Blot analyzed the effects of nanoparticles on related proteins, and we used the CCK8 assay analyze the cytotoxicity
of nanoparticles. Results showed that, the size of spherical PLGA NPs was about 80 nm, and the size of NPs increased significantly after attaching PEI to PLGA NPs or PLGA-PEI NPs carried PTEN siRNA. When PTEN expression was inhibited, resveratrol toxicity on lung cancer cells was increased.
A549 and A549/T12 cells showed more sensitive to resveratrol loaded PLGA NPs than to resveratrol free NPs alone. The results also demonstrated that the nanoparticles loaded resveratrol increased the cancer cell toxicity of resveratrol. In addition, the PLGA-PEI nanoparticles co-delivered by
resveratrol and PTEN siRNA can suppress tumor cells proliferation by inhibiting the expression of PTEN. In this study, PLGA-PEI-RES-PTEN nanocomplex was synthesized by solvent free evaporation and stabilizer free method. The complex can be absorbed by cancer cells, down-regulate PTEN protein,
and effectively damage lung cancer cells.
Therapeutic Effect of Anti-miRNA Mediated by RNA Nanoparticles Targeting CD133 on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Guo Qing-Feng , Sun Jing-Qiu
Published: September 2022

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a malignant tumor with a high mortality. Herein, anti-miRNA was investigated for TNBC treatment and explored therapeutic effect was assessed to provide a theoretical basis for treating TNBC. The thermodynamic and chemically stable 3WJ served as
a scaffold to construct an RNA nucleic acid ligand that bonded to the CD133 receptor and an LNA sequence containing anti-miRNA21. The constructed nanoparticles were characterized and then applied to TNBC animal models, human breast cancer cells and stem cells (BCSCs), to explore the effect
of RNA nanoparticles on TNBC. The study on CD133 aptamers mainly focused on TNBC cells and BCSCs. Results from the study showed specific uptake of nanoparticles. Functional assays showed that treatment with 3WJ/CD133apt/anti-miR21 decreased cell migration and miR21 expression, and
increased the expression of PTEN and PDCD, but cytokine secretion did not affect the content of cytokine. Animal experiments proved that the RNA nanoparticles had high targeting of TNBC tumors and had a good suppressive effect on tumor growth. Nanoparticles carrying anti-miR21 could be used
an effective treatment method for TNBC. The current study elucidated nanoparticles carrying anti-miR21exerted a significant therapeutic effect on TNBC, helping the development of targeted treatment of TNBC.
Hydrometeorological Processes and Moisture Sources in the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau: Insights from a 7-Yr Study on Precipitation Isotopes
Authors: Wu Huawu , Zhang Cicheng , Li Xiao-Yan , Fu Congsheng , Wu Haohao , Wang Pei , Liu Jinzhao
Published: September 2022

The northeastern Tibetan Plateau is located in a climatic junction, which is considered an ideal region to explore the interactions between the summer monsoons and the westerly circulation patterns. However, to date, the needed long-term precipitation-based isotopic dataset is too limited to predict the interactions and patterns. This paper presents an evaluation of hydrometeorological processes and climate dynamics in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau based on a 7-yr precipitation isotope dataset covering the summer monsoon periods from 2012 to 2018. Results illustrated remarkable seasonal isotopic variability, characterized by lower δ18O and δ2H values in June with an average of −10‰ and −66.7‰, respectively. Higher δ18O and δ2H values in July averaged −6.7‰ and −39.5‰, respectively. This clear isotopic variability is largely related to seasonal changes of moisture sources and hydrometeorological processes. These precipitation isotopic values were primarily determined by the amount of precipitation, relative humidity, and convective activity, but showed no correlation with air temperature. Backward trajectory model results showed that Xinjiang, northern China, the Arctic, central Asia, and the South China Sea (SCS) were the primary sources of precipitation for the study site with varying seasonal contributions. The maritime moisture source of the SCS primarily resulted in the lowest precipitation δ18O values during the prevailing summer monsoon, which is mainly as a result of the strong convective activity and rainout processes along the air trajectory. The higher average deuterium excess (d-excess) value of precipitation in September indicated continental sources from central Asia (e.g., 75.4%) as land vapor recycling increases d-excess concentration in the atmosphere. These findings provide further insights into the main factors of precipitation isotopic variability related to atmospheric processes along the trajectory and the relevant factors in the monsoon regions.

Significance Statement

Recently, scientists and policy makers have become aware that Tibetan hydroclimate variability provides evidence of changes in regional and global circulation patterns that may result in the intensification of climate-driven extremes. However, these studies largely depend on crucial paleoclimate records of past precipitation isotopes in monsoon regions, which contain great uncertainties because of the complex relationship between climatic variability and precipitation isotopes. This study first presented a 7-yr isotopic dataset to understand the hydrological processes and climate dynamics controlling the isotopic variability in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. The findings reveal important factors on the isotopic variability associated with atmospheric processes and their key climatic variables, which can enhance our interpretation of the paleoclimate records in monsoon regions.
Climate Change and Homicide: Global Analysis of the Moderating Role of Information and Communication Technology
Authors: Wei Jiuchang , Shao Qianwen , Liu Yang , Marinova Dora
Published: September 2022

The link between climate change and human conflict has received substantial attention in academic research using different measures of “conflict”; however, it is yet to interpret interpersonal violence in terms of homicide. This study takes a global perspective to investigate how climate change, typically represented by temperature and precipitation, directly and indirectly affects national homicide rates across countries. From longitudinal archival data from 171 countries from 2000 to 2018, we detect a direct and positive relationship between higher temperatures and homicide, whereas an indirect pathway between wetter climate and homicide through the occurrence of more natural hazards has also been shown in our empirical results. The relationship between climate change and homicide can be moderated by the level of information and communication technologies (ICT). We conclude that the development of ICT contributes to building the countries’ resilience to climate change with better information and communication technologies to help alleviate the negative impacts of climate change on homicide.
The Role of Adolescent Anxious Mood, Marijuana Use, and Locus of Control in the School to Prison Pipeline
Authors: Holder Sharifah , Sifat Munjireen , Kuo Charlene , Green Kerry
Published: September 2022

Racial disparities are evident in both educational outcomes and incarceration rates when comparing African American and white youth. It is essential to understand the school-to-prison pipeline and the ways in which school discipline practices and other factors disproportionately affect African American students, limit educational attainment, and increase risk for future incarceration in order to improve students’ educational and life outcomes. This study explores how marijuana, anxiety and locus of control interact with school disciplinary practices in pushing students out of schools and into the criminal justice system. Analyses utilizing data from the Woodlawn Study, a longitudinal study of African Americans followed from first grade through adolescence, young adulthood, and midlife ( n = 1,242), reveal that suspension or expulsion, frequent marijuana use, and locus of control (males only) all predict criminal justice system involvement above and beyond not graduating from high school, but do not interact significantly. This study offers avenues for intervention to reduce disparities.
Effective dynamic disturbance rejection scheme based on higher order sliding mode control for DC-AC inverter under load variation
Authors: Anjum Waqas , Husain Abdul Rashid , Abdul Aziz Junaidi , Fasih ur Rehman Syed Muhammad , Bakht Muhammad Paend , Alqaraghuli Hasan Thaer
Published: September 2022

In this paper, a dynamic super twisting sliding mode controller(ST-SMC) is proposed to resolve the problems associated with sudden load changes in AC-DC inverter system such that a high-quality output can be obtained. By developing a non-linear extended state observer (NLESO), both system states and lumped parameter disturbances are estimated and incorporated into controller design. This dynamic disturbance estimation and rejection algorithm not only increases the control loop reliability by eliminating the current sensor dependency, but it also allows the ST-SMC to be implemented with a small switching gain that minimizes the chattering effect. Optimal observer gain parameters design has been achieved by adopting the particle swarm optimization approach. The stability of the entire closed-loop system is proven based on the Lyapunov stability criterion. The effectiveness of the proposed dynamic ST-SMC algorithm has been validated in MATLAB Simulink environment where, the control strategy exhibit rapid dynamic response with a steady-state error of [Formula: see text]. The total harmonic distortion (THD) is also reduced to 0.02%[Formula: see text] and 0.08[Formula: see text]% for linear and non-linear loads, respectively.
New Therapeutic Strategies in the Treatment of Stomal Recurrence After Total Laryngectomy: Role of Immunotherapy
Authors: Mesolella Massimo , Evangelista Antonietta , Allosso Salvatore , Matano Elide , Motta Giovanni , Motta Gaetano
Published: September 2022

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of stoma recurrence and the therapeutic strategy outcomes in relation to survival that have been adopted over the past few decades using a monoclonal antibody, specifically nivolumab.

Methods

This study included a total of 487 patients diagnosed with laryngeal carcinoma undergoing either a laryngectomy or salvage surgery after conservative interventions at the ENT Unit of Federico II University in Naples, Italy, between 2011 and 2021. Following a minimum 2.5-year follow-up and a maximum 21-year follow-up, the results revealed that only 38 patients suffered a stomal recurrence.

Results

Despite various adopted treatment strategies, the literature reports lower patient survival rates. Following a total laryngectomy, stomal recurrence represents a therapeutic management challenge due to a poor prognosis for nearly every treated case. According to the literature, in fact, despite a low incidence (ie, 0.8–31.3%), the overall mortality rate increases from 77% to 100% after three years. Nevertheless, introducing immunotherapy into cancer treatment has resulted in an observable revolution in the treatment of different types of cancers over the years.

Conclusion

In light of recorded data on survival following the use of the nivolumab, the case presented in this study allows a new perspective of successfully treating recurrences of squamous carcinoma of the head and neck.
Comparative evidence on cultural variability in authoritarianism: An ethical and relational perspective
Authors: Zhuang Meixi
Published: September 2022

Is authoritarianism a universal psychological phenomenon? Does the concept of authoritarianism in its current form effectively explain anti-democratic tendencies across societies? From a cultural perspective and using data of Chinese citizens in the fourth wave of the Asian Barometer Survey, this article identifies an authoritarian variant of an ethical and relational origin. This article argues that the received view of authoritarianism, which is conceptually bounded to prejudice, represents but one brand that arises as a function of threat. In paternalistic cultures such as Confucianism, people may develop hierarchical orientations through the learning of certain relational ethics. Called Confucian Authoritarian Orientation (CAO), this authoritarian variant encodes the following three attitudinal aspects: (1) authority reverence, (2) authority worship, and (3) authority dependence. Empirical results show that CAO stands as an entirely different construct from prejudice-bounded concepts such as Right-Wing Authoritarianism. Furthermore, CAO also serves as a powerful predictor of political docility in individuals; it is correlated with stronger political trust and weaker political efficacy.
Use of cardiopulmonary bypass machine in intensive care unit as a short term mechanical circulatory support for recovery of cardiac function
Authors: Das Shubhadeep , Das Debasis , Dutta Nilanjan , Sharma Manish , Koley Rangan
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is used as a bridge to recovery of cardiac function following completion of congenital cardiac surgeries where there is failure to wean from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or severe low cardiac output states in the post operative periods. Although ECMO is a well-established form of mechanical circulatory support, the associated cost can be a huge financial burden on families. We are an ECMO center and use the same in post operative congenital cardiac surgeries for mechanical cardiovascular support if needed. However, a significant proportion of the children, whom we operate, are funded by government aides. The resources are limited in such circumstances. If needed, we use the same CPB circuit and cannulae used in the Operating Room (OR) and support them at a significantly lower cost compared to ECMO.

Methods

We report our experience of using conventional CPB machine as a short-term bridge to recovery of cardiac function in Intensive Care Unit where there was limitation of funds. Essentially same CPB circuit with roller pump is retained, by omitting cardiotomy suckers. We use D901 Lilliput 1 Oxygenator (Sorin, Italy) for children <5 kg and D902 Lilliput 2 (Sorin, Italy) Oxygenator for children >5 Kg.

Results

We supported nine patients on CPB between March 2019 and December 2021. During this time, 1392 congenital cardiac surgeries were performed. We could wean off three patients (33.3%) and discharge two patients (22.2%). Our support time ranged from 21 h to 60 h with a median of 48 h. Beyond 48 h of support, we experienced several CPB induced complications in our cohort.

Conclusion

In resource-limited settings, conventional CPB machines can be used for short-term cardiac support. Although results may not be comparable to using ECMO, some patients can be definitely salvaged, who would otherwise die in the absence of institution of mechanical circulatory support.
Association between quantitative spectral CT parameters, Ki-67 expression, and invasiveness in lung adenocarcinoma manifesting as ground-glass nodules
Authors: Wu Nan , Cao Qi-wei , Wang Chao-nan , Hu Hong-guang , Shi Hao , Deng Kai
Published: September 2022

Background

Few studies about lung ground-glass nodules (GGNs) have been done using non-enhancement spectral computed tomography (CT) imaging.

Purpose

To examine the association between spectral CT parameters, Ki-67 expression, and invasiveness in lung adenocarcinoma manifesting as GGNs.

Material and Methods

Spectral CT parameters were analyzed in 106 patients with lung GGNs. The Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI) was measured, and patients were divided into low expression and high expression groups according to the number of positive-stained cells (low expression ≤10%; high expression >10%). Spectral CT parameters were compared between low and high expression groups. The correlation between spectral CT parameters and Ki-67 LI was estimated by Spearman correlation analysis. Cases were divided into a preinvasive and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) group (atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, adenocarcinoma in situ, and MIA) and invasive adenocarcinoma (IA) group. Spectral CT parameters were compared between the two groups. The diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results

There were significant differences in water concentration of lesions (WCL) and monochromatic CT values between the low and high expression groups. CT 40 keV had the highest correlation coefficient with Ki-67 LI. WCL and monochromatic CT values were significantly higher in the IA group than in the pre/MIA group. The value of area under the curve of CT 40 keV was 0.946 (95% confidence interval=0.905–0.988) for differentiating the two groups; the cutoff was −280.66 Hu.

Conclusion

Spectral CT is an effective non-invasive method for the prediction of proliferation and invasiveness in lung adenocarcinoma manifesting as GGNs.
Social and dimensional comparison effects on children’s music self-concept and intrinsic value: An extension of the generalized internal/external frame of reference model to the music domain
Authors: Lohbeck Annette
Published: September 2022

Based upon a sample of 232 German elementary school students aged 9–12 years, the present longitudinal study aimed to examine the relations between achievement, self-concepts, and intrinsic values in music, mathematics, and verbal domains within the generalized internal/external frame of reference model (GI/E model). Results showed significantly positive achievement-self-concept/intrinsic value relations within domains and some significant achievement-self-concept/intrinsic value relations across domains: Mathematics achievement negatively predicted verbal self-concept, verbal intrinsic value, and music intrinsic value, whereas verbal achievement positively predicted music self-concept and music intrinsic value but negatively predicted mathematics intrinsic value. Music achievement, in turn, positively predicted verbal intrinsic value. All three self-concepts mediated the achievement-intrinsic value relations within domains. Furthermore, verbal self-concept proved to mediate the relation of mathematics achievement to verbal intrinsic value, whereas music self-concept also proved to mediate the relation of verbal achievement to music intrinsic value.
A Reformulated Version of Marx’s Theory of Ground Rent Shows That There Cannot Be Any Absolute Rent
Authors: Basu Deepankar
Published: September 2022

This article develops a simple theoretical model to analyze Marx’s theory of ground rent. Using the model, I demonstrate two important results. First, if we take capital outlay as exogenously given, then total ground rent can be decomposed into the three components: differential rent of the first variety (DRI), differential rent of the second variety (DRII), and absolute rent (AR). Second, if we let the amount of capital outlay on each plot of land be determined by the profit-maximizing behavior of capitalist farmers, then absolute rent becomes zero. Neither the low organic composition of capital nor the monopoly power of the class of landlords can generate any absolute rent. I conclude that under reasonable behavioral assumptions about landlords and capitalist farmers, there will be no absolute rent in a capitalist economy.

JEL Classification: B51
Effect of interlayer rescanning on surface roughness and overhang sinking distance of AlSi10Mg alloy via selective laser melting
Authors: Ma Yiqing , Wu Meiping , Duan Weipeng , Shi Xiaojie , Liu Huijun , Li Chenglong , Miao Xiaojin
Published: September 2022

Laser rescanning technology is usually used to improve the forming quality of 3D printed parts. In order to investigate the relationship between rescanning strategy and forming quality, this paper proposed an interlayer rescanning strategy, which scans once at each odd-number layer and rescans at each even-number layer. In this work, 3D printed parts with inner structures were manufactured via selective laser melting. White light interference profilometry, scanning electron microscope, and three coordinates were used to analyze the surface quality, overhang sinking distance, and therefore the performance of samples with rescanning. White light interference profilometry-based roughness characterization revealed that the minimum surface roughness measured was 8.338 µm with rescanning and 9.676 µm with interlayer rescanning. The range of overhang sinking distance varied to a minimum of 0.146 mm with rescanning and 0.318 mm with interlayer rescanning. Based on the force analysis of the molten pool of overhang layers, the overhang sinking was mainly due to the increasing gravity of the molten pool and the insufficient supporting force provided by lower layers.
Post-crisis imaginaries in the time of direct-acting antiviral hepatitis C treatment
Authors: Fomiatti Renae , Farrugia Adrian , Fraser Suzanne , Moore David , Edwards Michael , Treloar Carla
Published: September 2022

Until the recent introduction of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) medications, the only available hepatitis C treatments were lengthy and onerous interferon-based therapies, with relatively weak success rates. While experiences of interferon-based treatment have been well documented, there is a need to better understand how the experiences of the ‘old’ treatments shape contemporary treatment experiences. This article uses the concept of ‘post-crisis’ developed in critical scholarship on HIV/AIDS, and recent theorisations of ‘curative time’, to explore the relationship between contemporary treatment experiences and the legacies of interferon-based therapies. In mobilising these concepts, we trouble linear temporal logics that take for granted distinctions between the past and present, old and new, and cure and post-cure, and draw attention to the fluidity of time and the overlapping co-constitutive terrains of meaning that shape treatment experiences. Drawing on 50 interviews with people affected by hepatitis C, we argue that the curative imaginary of DAA treatments – that is, the temporal framing applied to hepatitis C in which cure is expected and assumed – is shaped by the logic of crisis. Here, knowledge of and the possibilities for the new treatments and living with hepatitis C remain tethered to crisis accounts of interferon. Unlike HIV/AIDS, in which the disease itself was figured as crisis, many participants described interferon-based treatments as the crisis: as worse than living with hepatitis C. While the new treatments were widely described as simple and easy, we argue that treatment is not so straightforward and that the crisis/post-crisis relation is central to this complexity . We conclude by considering the significance of these post-crisis enactments for understanding the recent plateauing of DAA treatment uptake, and reflect on how post-crisis futures of hepatitis C ‘cure’ need to address the ongoing constitutive effects of interferon-based treatments.
Understanding eco-social policies: a proposed definition and typology
Authors: Mandelli Matteo
Published: September 2022

As complex challenges like climate change and inequality become increasingly salient, eco-social policies are emerging as suitable public policy instruments to pursue integrated environmental and social objectives. However, despite their rising relevance, a descriptive – and hence empirically applicable – definition is still lacking in the reference literature, currently dominated by normative studies. Therefore, building on a critical assessment of the state of the art, this article proposes a framework for conceptualising eco-social policies, calling for an output-based definition with policy integration as its core element. The article also proposes a typology to differentiate various eco-social policies along two dimensions: the direction of policy integration and the link to economic growth. This typology allows us to elaborate on the possible roles that the welfare state can play vis-à-vis environmental challenges and policies, for instance in the context of decarbonisation: reactive or preventive; protection- or investment-oriented.
Spectrum of Histologic Findings in Orchiectomy Specimens of Patients Seeking Male to Female Physical Adaptation
Authors: Jurief Christopher , Sadiq Sabika , Khawar Sidrah , Hamza Ameer
Published: September 2022

Context. Hormonal therapy followed by orchiectomy is of the standard of care in management of gender identity disorder in patients seeking male to female transition. The orchiectomy specimens from these patients are routinely subjected to histopathologic evaluation. We discuss the spectrum of histopathologic findings, incidental findings, and cost analysis of processing these specimens. Design. Orchiectomy specimens from patients seeking male to female transition received at our institution from January 2019 to June 2021 were included in the study. Data including patient age, history of hormonal therapy, testicular weight, histopathologic findings, number of tissue sections, and processing cost were collected. Results. A total of 79 specimens were identified. Mean patient age was 36.7 ± 14.5 years. Mean testicular weight was 28.0 ± 8.3 g (right) and 27.8 ± 9.1 g (left). Histologic evaluation showed diminished or absent spermatogenesis in 100% and fibrosis of seminiferous tubules in 96% of specimens. Benign, incidental findings, none of which altered patient management were present in 6 specimens (8%). For most specimens, 3 sections per testis were submitted. This resulted in a mean of 5.8 ± 1.1 tissue sections submitted per specimen. Conclusions. Orchiectomy specimens from patients with gender dysphoria always demonstrate hormone-therapy effects albeit with varying degree. The chances of discovering any incidental finding of clinical significance are negligible. Diligent gross inspection and minimal tissue sampling with additional sampling reserved for gross abnormalities can adequately document the histologic findings in a cost-effective manner.
When the Lights Go Out: Public Sector Management of Abandoned Sport Facilities
Authors: Cocco Adam R. , Mayer Martin , Montanaro Anthony
Published: September 2022

This paper explores how local governments have addressed abandonment of a high-dollar investment: publicly funded sport facilities. The issue of abandoned professional sport facilities is becoming more ubiquitous as teams seek new, more modern, state-of-the-art venues to maximize operational revenues. This creates a scenario where the average lifespan of a professional sport facility is only 27 years. Using a comparative case study analysis, this research examines how municipalities have approached the redevelopment of abandoned stadium infrastructure in Detroit, Houston, and St. Louis. Successful outcomes related to the redevelopment of abandoned stadiums in Detroit have seen public and private stakeholders take advantage of their unique assets in public-private partnerships. However, abandoned stadium infrastructure in Houston and St. Louis have remained idle for years as local governments failed to secure private investment to aid with redevelopment efforts and/or created additional bureaucratic red tape that limits the prospects for site redevelopment.
Serum ACE2 Level is Associated With Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Bani Hani Amjad , Abu Tarboush Nafez , Bani Ali Mo’ath , Alabhoul Fahad , Alansari Fahad , Abuhani Ahmad , Al-Kawak Mustafa , Shamoun Badea’a , Albdour Suzan , Abu Abeeleh Mahmoud , Ahram Mamoun
Published: September 2022

Objectives:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) represents the primary receptor for SARS-CoV-2 to enter endothelial cells, causing coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we investigate the association between circulating ACE2 levels with the severity of COVID-19.

Methods:

Serum ACE2 levels were measured in 144 COVID-19-positive subjects at hospital admission, and 123 COVID-19-negative control subjects. The association between ACE2 and clinical outcomes was analyzed.

Results:

About 144 COVID-19 patients and 123 healthy controls data were analyzed, the mean age of patients was 62 years and 50% of them were males. The mean age of the control group was 55 years and 63% were males. ACE-II level was measured and compared between COVID-19 patients and controls and revealed no significant differences ( P > .05). ACE-II level was measured in COVID-19 patients and compared between different patient’s subgroups, ACE II level was not dependent on gender, smoking, ACE intake, or comorbidities ( P > .05), and was significantly correlated with cardiovascular diseases (CVS) ( P-value = .046) ICU admission ( P-value = .0007) and Death ( P-value = .0082).

Conclusion:

There was no significant difference between the COVID-19 and Control group, however, ACE2 serum level was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 who were critically ill or non-survivors, its increased level is also associated with length of stay. Elevated ACE2 level is associated with the severity of COVID-19 disease, and it has the potential to be a predictor of the severity of the disease.
The perspectives of preschool teachers regarding their ability to respond to various crises in the childcare center
Authors: Machado Sara A , Anderson Patricia N
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perspectives of preschool teachers regarding crisis preparedness in independently funded childcare centers. This study was based on the integrated model of school crisis preparedness and intervention proposed by Jimerson, Brock, and Pletcher. This study examined how preschool teachers describe the effect of crisis preparedness drills and training on their ability to handle school crisis events prior to, during, and following a center crisis. Qualitative data for the study were gathered during one-on-one interviews conducted with 15 preschool teachers working in independently funded childcare centers across a Western state of the United States. Preschool teachers indicated that some aspects of crisis preparedness drills and training have increased their ability to handle school crisis events while other aspects appear insufficient, both in anticipation of and during a real emergency. Results from this study may inform preschool center directors about the type of training that preschool teachers have, want, and need, in order to best prepare these teachers to respond to a school crisis event and keep children safe.
Dehydrated Human Amnion/Chorion Membrane Allografts as an Adjunct Wound Healing Therapy in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Padhiar Chirayu , Muthuchamy Muthuraman , Ganesan Vignesh , Desireddy Swathi , Abhaya Mayur , Siva Ramanujam , Periyathambi Kalaivani
Published: September 2022

Chronic, non-healing wounds pose a serious public health issue and the need for new treatment methods is paramount. Dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane has potential wound healing properties, due to the enrichment of growth factors and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its auxiliary advantage on diabetic wounds with demonstrated safety and efficacy in animal models has not been extensively documented. This study aimed at evincing the wound-healing property of dehydrated human amnion chorion membrane in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. An excisional wound model was developed in 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats that were randomly classified into six groups for two experiments. The non-diabetic rat group included non-diabetic control (G1), dHACM treatment (G2), and dHACM dressing + saline-treatment (G3); (n = 6). Similarly, the diabetic group included diabetic control (G4), dHACM treatment (G5), and dHACM dressing + saline-treatment (G6); (n = 6). The results of wound contractility rate, re-epithelialization, grading of granulation tissue, and collagen deposition from histopathological observation demonstrated that in comparison with the other groups (G1, G2, G4, and G5), the animal groups treated with dHACM dressing + saline-treatment (G3 and G6) had superior regenerative effects in excisional wound model. Also, in the animals of G5 and G6 of the diabetic group, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in the levels of glucose, urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphate (ALP), when compared to G4 animals during the experiment. It is evident from this study that dHACM could be applied as a potential wound healing biomaterial, especially in diabetic conditions.