bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RATIONALITY EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC USE IN PEDIATRIC PNEUMONIA AT HOSPITALS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Suminar Fadhila Diah
Published: March 2022

Indonesia is a developing country that has high morbidity and mortality rates due to infectious diseases, one of which is pneumonia. This study aims to describe the use of antibiotics, to determine the rationality of antibiotic use using the Gyssens method, and to determine the relationship between the rationality of antibiotic use on the therapeutic outcomes of pediatric pneumonia patients in one of the public hospitals and private hospitals in Indonesia without PPRA at the same time. This study is a cross sectional study with retrospective data collection from the patient's medical record. The analysis was carried out descriptively and analytically with the Chi-square method to see the relationship between rational use of antibiotics and therapeutic outcomes. A single antibiotic which is generally used in one of the hospitals and private hospitals in Indonesia is Ampicillin. In addition, antibiotics that are often prescribed are Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxim). The use of antibiotics in Public Hospitals found 83 irrational use of antibiotics (81,4%) and 75 total uses of antibiotics (86,2%) in Private Hospitals. Irrational category III A (long duration) mostly occurs in two hospitals. The results of the research on the relationship between rationality and therapeutic outcome were analyzed by Chi-square. The results showed that the rationality of empirical antibiotic therapy significantly improved therapeutic outcomes (p=0.008) in one of the hospitals in Indonesia. The results of research conducted in one of the Indonesian private hospitals obtained p value = 0,153.
Effect of Pilates Exercises on Standing, Walking, and Balance in Children With Diplegic Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Abd-Elfattah Hanaa Mohsen , Galal Dina Othman Shokri Morsi , Aly Mahmoud Ibrahim Elsayed , Aly Sobhy M. , Elnegamy Tamer Emam
Published: March 2022

Objective To analyze how Pilates exercises affect standing, walking, and balance in children with diplegic cerebral palsy throughout a 10-week program.Methods We included 40 children aged 7–9 years with diplegic cerebral palsy, and randomly allocated them into two groups of the same size: conventional therapy group (group A) and conventional therapy+Pilates group (group B). We administered the same conventional physical therapy program to both groups for 45 minutes, with group B receiving additional Pilates exercises for 45 minutes. Both groups attended the intervention program three times/week for 10 weeks. We used the Growth Motor Function Measure Scale (GMFM-88) to evaluate standing and walking (Dimensions D and E), and the Pediatric Balance Scale to evaluate balance function before and after treatment.Results Comparison of the average values of all measured variables before and after therapy showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the two groups. All measured variables showed a significant difference between groups A and B, in favor of group B (p<0.05).Conclusion Pilates exercise in addition to conventional therapy is more effective in improving balance and gross motor function in children with diplegic cerebral palsy than the conventional therapy alone.
Pesantren dan Kepemimpinan Kiai Studi Kasus di Pondok Pesantren Mambaus Sholihin Gresik (1980-2020)
Authors: Ifendi Mahfud
Published: March 2022

Pesantren merupakan sebuah lembaga pendidikan Islam yang mampu bertahan dari terpaan badai perubahan dan era globalisasi yang telah terjadi, sehingga sampai saat ini dapat survive, masih konsisten bertahan dengan segala disiplin keilmuannya dan ciri khas lainnya. Eksistensi pesantren yang dari kemunculannya hingga dewasa ini tentulah ada hubungannya dengan kepemimpinan di dalamnya. Dalam pengelolaan pesantren membutuhkan sebuah pola atau gaya kepemimpinan dari seorang tokoh sentral kiai itu sendiri untuk mengembangkan pesantrennya. Bagaimana sebuah pesantren akan selalu berdiri kokoh di tengah pergumulan persaingan dunia yang semakin kompetitif ini, maka di dalam kepemimpinannyalah semua dapat dikelola dan ditentukan. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis gaya kepemimpinan KH. Masbuhin Faqih di pondok pesantren Mambaus Sholihin Gresik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KH. Masbuhin Faqih merupakan salah seorang pemimpin yang kharismatik, demokratis dan dalam keadaan tertentu dapat menjadi seorang yang otoriter. Tiap-tiap kiai, penulis meyakini bahwa di dalam kepemimpinannya pasti berbeda satu sama lain. Hal ini bisa dipengaruhi oleh faktor genealogi, kepribadian, pendidikan, lingkungan, geografi dan lain sebagainya.
Observations on Two Different Forms of Utricularia reniformis
Authors: Studnicka Miloslav
Published: March 2022

The species Utricularia reniformis A.St.Hil. is occasionally grown by specialists, who appreciate its large leaves and spectacular flowers. I have observed two different forms of this plant in our collection, and hoped to learn more about it in the literature. Merl (1915) noted there were different sized types of this plant, however Taylor (1989) considered the two types merely to be extremes of species variation. As such, Taylor did not consider them separate species (nor did he accept subspecific taxa in the genus)
The Conservation and Display of Southeastern U. S. Pitcher Plant Bogs at The Crosby Arboretum
Authors: Brzuszek Robert F.
Published: March 2022

With increasing value being placed on our natural heritage, The Crosby Arboretum, Mississippi State University Extension, is the premier native plant education facility of the Gulf Coastal Plain. The Arboretum allows us to study and learn about indigenous plants and plant products so that we may use them to their best advantage and ensure their continuous propagtion in the future. Through the Crosby Arboretum, aesthetic, agricultural, scientific, and industrial contributions of native plant species and ecosystems can be examined in a real-life setting.
Nepenthes rowanae (Nepenthaceae), a Remarkable Species From Cape York, Australia
Authors: Clarke Charles , Kruger Rod
Published: March 2022

Amended description of Nepenthes rowanae is presented.
PENERAPAN METODE DAKWAH MUJADALAH DALAM MEMBENDUNG RADIKALISME DI INDONESIA
Authors: Prianto Agung Teguh
Published: March 2022

Gerakan Islam radikal masih menjadi masalah di Indonesia. Terdapatberbagai varian gerakan Islam radikal, mulai dari yang bersifat terorisme,transnasionalisme, sampai dengan wahabisme. Secara keseluruhan kelompok Islamradikal memiliki metode dakwah yang khas, yaitu indoktrinasi, cenderung kaku dantekstual dalam memahami Al-Qur’an dan hadis, kekerasan dan pemaksaan dalampelaksanaan ajarannya, menganggap kelompoknya yang benar, dan tidak jarangmemprovokasi. Saat dipraktekkan di Indonesia seringkali mengalami benturandengan negara dan masyarakat, baik dengan sesama muslim dan juga nonmuslim.Studi ini mendeskripsikan penerapan metode dakwah mujadalah dalam rangkamembendung dakwah radikalisme di Indonesia. Metode studi adalah kualitatifpustaka. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa metode mujadalah memiliki keunggulanbersifat dialektika dan bisa membongkar pemikiran Islam radikal yang bersumberdari kekeliruan memahami ayat-ayat Allah. Dalam penerapannya, metodemujadalah dapat menyasar kepada para pelaku radikalis maupun umat Islam yangterpengaruh dengan pemikiran radikal. Teknisnya dengan mencobamempertanyakan kembali (dialektika) dan menggunakan logika-logika dasar sertapengetahuan ilmiah dalam membongkar kesalahan berpikir pemahaman radikal,khususnya terkait ayat-ayat jihad dan perang, penegakan syariat Islam, dansebagainya. Aspek yang juga perlu diperhatikan adalah etika dalam komunikasidakwah, agar dakwah dengan metode mujadalah dapat berhasil.
PERANAN ASET KOMUNITAS DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN PEMUDA OLEH KOMUNITAS KAMPUNG MARKETER, KARANGMONCOL, PURBALINGGA
Authors: Suciati
Published: March 2022

Studi ini dilatar belakangi adanya pemberdayaan yang sukses dilakukan komunitas Kampung Marketer kepada pemuda Desa Tamansari, Kecamatan Karangmoncol, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Dalam waktu tiga tahun berjalan, Kampung Marketer mengentaskan 748 pemuda dari urbanisasi yang disebabkan tidak adanya lapangan kerja di desa. Kampung Marketer mengubah pemuda desa hingga memiliki skill digital marketing, mendapatkan kerja bergaji tinggi, membuat rumah di desa menjadi kantor komersil untuk pusat pelatihan dan kantor. Kesuksesan tersebut tidak lepas dari dukungan aset komunitas seperti pemuda hingga warga desa lainnya. Peranan aset komunitas tersebut penting untuk dipahami karena menjadi modal dasar memberdayakan masyarakat. Studi ini, bertujuan untuk menguraikan peranan aset komunitas pada pemberdayaan pemuda desa oleh Kampung Marketer. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah riset kualitatif, teknik penggalian datanya wawancara pengurus, data berupa video wawancara yang diambil dari situs youtube.com, dan website Kampung Marketer. Hasilnya, peranan aset manusia yakni pemuda desa yang dijadikan objek pelatihan, sebelumnya tidak memiliki skill dan pekerjaan, menjadi memiliki skill digital marketing, bahkan mereka menjadi agen yang mengembangkan pemberdayaan komunitas Kampung Marketer. Aset fisik rumah warga diperankan sebagai tempat kegiatan pemberdayaan, rumah dapat menampung banyak aktivitas pelatihan dan kantor. Aset sosial karakter guyub masyarakat membuat penyebaran informasi kesuksesan kegiatan pemberdayaan ini ke masyarakat sehingga banyak yang meminta bergabung.
DESAIN STRATEGI REKRUTMEN ANGGOTA REMAJA MASJID ASSALAFIYAH SURABAYA TAHUN 2017
Authors: Ratnasari Siska Devi
Published: March 2022

Masjid selain menjadi tempat Ibadah juga dapat dijadikan pusat ilmu pengetahuan, pusat informasi, dan pusat kaderisasi umat. Dengan beragamnya fungsi masjid, adanya remaja masjid tentu akan mampu memberikan kontribusi agar fungsi tersebut bisa berjalan lancar. Untuk mendapatkan anggota Remas yang mampu berkontribusi, diperlukan upaya rekrutmen. Masjid Assalafiyah memiliki Remas yang sedang mengalami transisi kepengurusan. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan ketua Remas ditemukan adanya kebutuhan untuk merekrut anggota Remas yang baru. Kebutuhan tersebut muncul karena anggota Remas yang sebelumnya banyak yang tidak aktif, salah satunya karena merasa kurang diperhatikan oleh ketua Remas yang lama. Ditambah adanya permintaan beberapa ketua RT di wilayah kedung asem agar Remas mampu mengajak remaja di wilayah ini agar mau bergabung. Untuk itu penelitian ini dilakukan dalam rangka merumuskan desain strategi rekrutmen untuk meningkatkan jumlah anggota Remas Assalafiyah di tahun 2017. Studi ini adalah riset aplikatif, dengan pendekatan riset pengembangan. Data dikumpulkan secara kualitatif, analisis dipandu teori rekrutmen Armstrong dan Tylor, serta teori kualifikasi seleksi Samsudin. Desain strategi yang bisa digunakan oleh remas Assalafiyah untuk melakukan rekrutmen adalah dengan menarget remaja pada tingkat SMP hingga perkuliahan, dengan menawarkan nilai aktualisasi, dan intelegensi melalui program yang telah dimiliki oleh Remas. Rekrutmen dilakukan dengan menggunakan saluran komunikasi langsung melalui orangtua serta spanduk yang di tempatkan di Masjid.
四十年（1980-2020）来个人借款领域的研究主题变迁 -基于文本挖掘LDA算法的主题发现和可视化
Authors:   蒂尔堡大学(Tilburg University), 陈 媛先 ,   中央财经大学(Central University of Finance and Economics)
Published: March 2022

本文研究了40年来(1980-2020年)我国在“个人借款”研究论文涉及主题的变迁和重要主题的相关性。借助机器学习LDA主题分析算法，作者对2000多篇文章进行了主题挖掘，并进行了可视化演示。文章的重要发现包括：一、从2013年以后，个人借款领域的研究文章大幅增长，而文章的阅读和引用次数从2010年开始增长加快。二、从2000年开始，人工智能相关在个人借款领域的文章占比增大。三、在个人借款领域，我国的研究具有比较鲜明的三个特征，其中，1980-2000年，主要为探索期；2001-2010年为个人住房贷款、企业相关的个人贷款重点研究期间，而2011年到2020年为个人借款研究深入的阶段。
Higher Education Effectiveness through Instrumental and Terminal Values in Students
Authors: Chaturvedi Ms. Joohi , Rai Dr. Mahima , Chaturvedi Dr. Rashmi
Published: March 2022

The Government of India aims to achieve reach , equity, quality and merit, applicability and value based education in all education systems Primary , Secondary and Tertiary .Different definitions of Organizational Culture were found during literature review in (Khanna, 2017) , (Gupta) 's Schein Model and (Greenfield & A.Brown) and comparisons were done .
Cavitation Erosion Modelling on a Radial Divergent Test Section Using RANS
Authors: Kevorkijan Luka , Lešnik Luka , Biluš Ignacijo
Published: March 2022

Cavitation is the phenomenon of fluid evaporation in hydraulic systems, which occurs due to a pressure drop below the value of the vapor pressure. For numerical modeling of this generally undesirable phenomenon, which is often associated with material damage (erosion), there are various mathematical vapor transfer models that have been validated in the past. There are different approaches to predicting cavitation erosion, which have mostly been experimental in the past. Recently various numerical models have been developed with the development of numerical simulations. They describe the phenomenon of cavitation erosion based on different theoretical considerations, such as Pressure wave hypothesis, Microjet hypothesis, or a combination of both. In the present paper, an analysis of the Schnerr-Sauer transport cavitation model was used, upgraded with an erosive potential energy model based on pressure wave hypothesis for cavitation erosion prediction. The extended numerical model has been applied to the case of a radial divergent test section in three different mathematical formulations. The results of simulation were compared and validated to experimental work performed by other authors. The study shows that the distribution of surface accumulated energy agrees with the experimental results, although certain differences exist between formulations. The applied method appears to be appropriate for further use, and to be extended to materials response modeling in the future.
INTERFACE PROCESSING OF SOFTWARE PRODUCTS, DETERMINING THE HEAT AND MECHANICAL STATE OF THE ROD
Authors:   Kazakh National Academy of Arts named after T.K. Zhurgenev, Kazakhstan, Nurlybayeva E. , Tashenova Zh. ,   L. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan, Amanzholova Sh. ,   Kazakh National Conservatory named after Kurmangazy, Kazakhstan, Satymbekov M. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan
Published: March 2022

Мақалада жасалған бағдарламалық кешенінің көмегімен көптеген өндіріс орындарындағы немесе стратегиялық қондырғылардағы стерженьдік құрылым элементтердің температура әсерінен жылумеханикалық күйін алдын ала біліп, оны зерттеп, қаншалықты ұзаратынын не қысқаратынын, қаншалықты деформацияға ұшырайтынын, сығушы күш пен созушы күштердің мәндері қаншалықты болатынын инженер маман үшін таптырмайтын құрал екендігі анық білінетіні көрсетілген.
Swearing in South Africa: Multidisciplinary research on language taboos
Authors:   Centre for Text Technology (CTexT®) North-West University, South Africa, Van Huyssteen Gerhard B
Published: March 2022

Research on swearing (used here as a hypernym to include other phenomena and/or synonyms like cursing, profanity, taboo language, etc.) has been prevalent for many years internationally, also from a variety of scientific disciplines. Most of the research literature, however, is on swearing in English, although studies have also been conducted on some other languages. By contrast, very little to no research has been done on swearing within the South African context, which is quite surprising, given that using certain swearwords (i.e., racial slurs) is punishable by law. To address this void, we established a multidisciplinary project with its primary roots in the digital humanities, and with inputs from and implications to (amongst others) linguistics, literary studies, communication studies, neurology, psychology, sociology, computer sciences, and law. This project (and specifically the topic of swearing) holds the potential to provide insights in human cognition and social interaction, while situating it broadly within the scope of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The project commenced in July 2019, and is currently ongoing. In this paper, we firstly provide a rationale for the project, before introducing each of the five subprojects. These subprojects pertain to swearing and the law; a swearing constructicon (a kind of online dictionary) for Afrikaans; swearing in the entertainment world and in the media; swearing as a linguistic innovation; and an end-user facing project website. We also report on some of the outputs from the project that are already available, and others that are still being developed and investigated. We conclude with a brief overview of some of the potential impacts of the project.
An analysis of readability metrics on English exam texts
Authors:   Nelson Mandela University, Sibeko Johannes , van Zaanen Menno ,   South African Centre for Digital Language Resources, North West University
Published: March 2022

Readability metrics provide information on how difficult a text is to read. This information is relevant, for instance, to identify suitable texts for learner readers. Readability metrics have been developed for several languages, but no such metrics have been developed for the indigenous South African languages. One of the limitations in the development of the metrics is the availability of texts in these languages for which the readability is known. To resolve this issue, we would like to consider texts that are used in final year exams of language subjects at highschool. We expect these texts to have consistent readability throughout the years. Additionally, in South Africa, language subjects may be taught both as home language or first additional language. We expect there to be differences in readability between the exam texts for these subjects. To test these assumptions, in this article, we compute readability scores using nine existing readability metrics for the final year exams of English home language and English first additional language. The results show that indeed the readability of the texts is consistent over the years and significantly different between the two subjects. Generalizing over these results, we expect that we can use final year exam texts of other languages to develop readability metrics for the indigenous South African languages in future work. An analysis of the performance of the readability metrics on the English texts serves as a starting point to identify useful text properties to use for the development of the readability metrics for the indigenous South African languages.
Canonical Segmentation and Syntactic Morpheme Tagging of Four Resource- scarce Nguni Languages
Authors: Puttkammer Martin , Du Toit Jakobus S.
Published: March 2022

Morphological analysis involves investigating the syntactic class of a word but can also extend to the decomposition and syntactic analysis of its underlying morpheme composition. This is especially relevant to languages with an agglutinative writing system where multiple linguistic words are expressed as a single orthographic word. In this paper, we propose a memory-based approach to canonical segmentation using a windowing approach to recover the uncondensed morphemes that differ from the surface form of a word. Additionally, we propose treating the syntactic labelling of morphemes as a sequence labelling task, similar to part of speech tagging. This approach leverages the internal morpheme composition of a word as local context in much the same way that the surrounding sentence of word serves in the disambiguation of its part-of-speech. Both tasks are modelled separately but performed sequentially by cascading the decomposed morphemes of a word into the task of syntactic labelling. When evaluated on four resource-scarce, conjunctively written Nguni languages, the proposed approach achieves an overall accuracy ranging between 82% and 92% which outperforms previously developed rule-based analysers for the same languages.
Using MonoConc Pro to teach and learn lexical collocations in Xitsonga
Authors: Mlambo Respect , Matfunjwa Muzi
Published: March 2022

Few language resources have been developed for indigenous languages in South Africa. Surprisingly, these are also official languages which constitutionally share the same language status as other languages. One of the major challenges for the development of basic language resources is the lack of digital corpora that can be used to train and develop the resources. Such a challenge has impeded the use of technology for research, learning, and teaching domains in indigenous languages. In this study, we used MonoConc Pro, a concordancer, to demonstrate how language users can utilise the software to display lexical collocation from a corpus for teaching and learning purposes. We illustrated how corpus can be used simultaneously with language technology to teach and learn aspects of linguistics in a form of lexical collocations in Xitsonga. An Autshumato Xitsonga Monolingual Corpus (AXMC) that was retrieved from the South African Centre for Digital Language Resources repository was used as data for analysis. The AXMC is a corpus that was collected and semi-automatically aligned at the sentence level during the Autshumato project. To search for lexical collocations, we interrogated the AXMC corpus using the MonoConc Pro program. A semi-automatic search for collocates of Xitsonga adjectives lavakulu, letikulu, lavantsongo, and letinene was conducted. The study found that lexical collocations or words that co-occur with adjectives are nouns, adjectives, possessives, and relatives. It was also observed that each adjective frequently collocates with certain nouns belonging to a specific class. The results obtained suggest a practical way in which language technologies can be used to explore corpora and examine language patterns for teaching and learning. We hope that this line of study will lead to the use of modern language resources to examine linguistic traits in indigenous languages.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, MOTIVASI PELAYANAN UMUM TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI STTD
Authors: Drajat Bambang , Hosang J.R.C , Korah Tonny C.M , Djajadi Djajadi , P Uriansyah
Published: March 2022

Kinerja pegawai adalah hasil kerja yang dicapai seseorang atau kelompok orang yang sesuai dengan wewenang atau tanggung jawab masing-masing pegawai selama periode tertentu. Penilaian hendaknya memberikan suatu gambaran akurat mengenai prestasi pegawai. Untuk tujuan ini sistem-sistem penilaian harus mempunyai standar dan menggunakan berbagai ukuran yang dapat diandalkan. Kondisi fisik kantor Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat dapat dikatakan baik, dimana setiap bagian memiliki ruangan tersendiri. Akan tetapi masih terdapat beberapa ruangan yang dinilai kurang baik karena kondisi suhu udara yang ada dibeberapa ruangan tersebut dirasakan kurang sejuk, bahkan terkadang terasa panas. Hal ini disebabkan sistem pendingin ruangan yang sering tidak berfungsi dan tidak semua ruangan kerja mempunyai sitem pendingin ruangan. Demikian pula sirkulasi udara dibeberapa ruangan kerja pun dapat dikatakan kurang baik, karena ventilasi udara yang kurang baik. Kondisi ini menimbulkan rasa kurang nyaman bagi para pegawai. Selain berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja pegawai, budaya organisasi juga memiliki keterkaitan yang erat dengan kepuasan kerja. Kepuasan kerja dapat didefinisikan sebagai suatu keadaan emosional yang menyenangkan atau tidak menyenangkan di mana para pegawai memandang pekerjaannya
KALIBRASI MODEL SIMULASI VISSIM
Authors: Raharjo Effendhi Prih , Guntur M. , Umiyati Siti , Sari Novita , Hardianto Dani , Angga Dessy , Handayani Sabrina
Published: March 2022

Dalam menganalisa transportasi suatu jaringan jalan, banyak ditemui keterbatasan dan kesulitan. Banyak waktu, tenaga dan biaya yang digunakan untuk menganalisa dan mengetahui kinerja lalu lintas. Salah satu perangkat lunak yang dapat digunakan adalah aplikasi PTV Vissim 9. Model Vissim itu sendiri pada dasarnya merupakan given atau terdapat pengaturan yang telah di atur oleh penciptanya dengan karakteristik negara asalnya, yakni negara Jerman dan negara maju lainnya dimana negara tersebut mempunyai karakteristik yang berbeda, dilihat dari kebijakan lalu lintas, pengaturan, manajemen dan rekayasa lalu lintas, moda transportasi dan perilaku pengguna jalan yang didalamnya terdapat pejalan kaki dan pengendara kendaraan. Model simulasi Vissim  merupakan permodelan dengan analisa microscopis yang didalamnya merumuskan variabel dan alogaritma berkaitan dengan Driving Behaviour atau perilaku pengguna jalan. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui indikasi dari perilaku pengguna jalan terhadap kinerja lalu lintas secara komprehensif namun dalam lingkup mikro.
EVALUASI FASILITAS DARATAN PELABUHAN PENYEBERANGAN TANJUNG KALIAN MUNTOK KABUPATEN BANGKA BARAT
Authors: I Chairul Insani , Tuip Anwar , Setiawan Bambang , Purboyo Purboyo
Published: March 2022

Pelabuhan Crossing Tanjung Kalian, Muntok adalah Crossing Port yang melayani jalur Tanjung Kalian - Tanjung Api-api, yang dikelola oleh PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero) Cabang Bangka. Pelabuhan ini sangat erat kaitannya dengan peningkatan ekonomi dan perkembangan masyarakat Bangka-Belitung, karena perannya sebagai pintu gerbang untuk perdagangan dan pariwisata.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi fasilitas seperti keberadaan Gangway dan penempatan konter penjualan tiket untuk penumpang sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor 29 Tahun 2016, dan Lampiran II Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Darat Peraturan Nomor SK.2681 / AP / DRJD / 2006 tentang pengoperasian Pelabuhan Persimpangan pada tanggal 4 September 2006, prosedur untuk Layanan bagi Penumpang.Untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan bagi pengguna jasa pelabuhan, perlu memperhatikan kondisi fasilitas darat pelabuhan yang ada sementara kondisi saat ini masih memiliki beberapa kerugian seperti tidak adanya gang yang digunakan untuk pejalan kaki ke dan dari kapal. Agar tidak mengganggu kendaraan yang akan keluar dari kapal, serta penempatan counter penumpang yang tidak cocok sehingga membuat penumpang enggan membeli tiket terlebih dahulu yang berakibat ketika kapal siap memuat mereka berdesakan untuk membeli tiket.
FTIR Analysis of Oxidized Tungsten and Tungsten Diboride Nanolayers
Authors: GOLDMANE Annija Elizabete , AVOTINA Liga , ROMANOVA Marina , MUHIN Alexei , ZASLAVSKIS Aleksandrs , KIZANE Gunta , DEKHTYAR Yuri
Published: March 2022

Tungsten (W) and tungsten diboride (WB2) materials can be used to fabricate electron emission layers in field emission microelectronic devices. The characterization and quality assurance of synthesized films is crucial for the good performance of the devices. W and WB2 nanofilms with a thickness of 150 nm and 200 nm were deposited on the Si-SiO2 substrate by the magnetron sputtering technique. The synthesized layers were thermally treated in a thermal analysis device under various gas flow conditions (varying Ar; N2; synthetic air; air with O2, N2, and moisture (further in this text – laboratory air)) and after oxidation, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectrometry) spectra were registered. FTIR spectra of the as-deposited layers showed weak peaks related to Si-O and Si-O-Si bonds from the substrate and considered for the analysis of the layers. Several new peaks occur in the spectra of the thermally treated layers. Of the oxidation layers, new peaks related to nanolayers, were observed W-O bonds, it is noticeable that the spectra vary with each other with signal intensity and offsets. In each experimental environment with various gas flow conditions, there were W=O bonds observed, also in every environment except in laboratory air with the flow, B-O bond was detected for about 1300 – 1350 cm-1 range. It was shown that thermal oxidation of W and WB2 layers can be applied for the analysis of W and WB2 layers on SiO2 substrate by forming W and B oxides using treatment in high temperature and detection of their bonds by FTIR.
Factors Affecting Menstrual Cycle Developmental Trajectory in Adolescents: A Narrative Review
Authors: Saei Ghare Naz Marzieh , Farahmand Maryam , Dashti Sareh , Ramezani Tehrani Fahimeh
Published: March 2022

Context: The time interval between the age at menarche and regulation of menstrual cycles (menstrual cycle developmental trajectory) is considered an indicator of the function of the reproductive system later in life. This study aimed to summarize the factors affecting this trajectory. Evidence Acquisition: A comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science was performed to identify studies investigating factors influencing the regularity of the menstrual cycle in adolescents. Results: The interval between menarche and the onset of the regular menstrual cycle in adolescent girls may vary from several months to several years. Several factors, including genetic, race/ethnicity, intrauterine situation, social factors, geographical factors, lifestyle, and chronic diseases, are considered the predisposing factors for the trajectory. Conclusions: Age at menarche and the onset of regular menstrual cycles are directly and indirectly influenced by several genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Understanding these factors may improve our practice in managing irregular menstrual cycles that commonly happen in the first years after menarche.
Effects of Repeated Low-dose Caffeine Ingestion During a Night of Total Sleep Deprivation on Physical Performance and Psychological State in Young Recreational Runners
Authors: Khcharem Amir , Souissi Makram , Sahnoun Zouheir
Published: March 2022

Background: Caffeine is frequently consumed by athletes to maintain alertness in conditions of sleep loss. However, the effect of caffeine ingestion during total sleep deprivation during aerobic exercise remains questionable. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the effects of repeated intake of low-dose caffeine during a night of total sleep deprivation on endurance performance and psychological states. Methods: Twelve recreational runners performed four test sessions in a double-blind randomized order after a placebo or 6 mg/kg of caffeine ingestion after a baseline night (BN) or three doses of 2 mg/kg of caffeine during a night of total sleep deprivation (TSD). At each session, they completed an exhaustive run around a 400 m athletics track and performed the Feeling Scale test. ANOVA with repeated measures followed by paired t-tests was used to analyze the data. Results: In comparison with BN, the TSD condition significantly impaired running performance (P < 0.001). On the contrary, caffeine administration improved endurance running performance (P < 0.001) and increased feeling of well-being (P < 0.05) after TSD night as compared to placebo. Conclusions: Repeated ingestion of low-dose caffeine is an effective way to mitigate the negative effects of total sleep deprivation on endurance performance and mood states.
Retranslation as an (un)successful counter-narrative: Les frères Ka­ra­mazov versus Les frères Karamazov
Authors: Boulogne Pieter
Published: March 2022

Drawing on Narrative Theory, this article analyses the second French translation of The Brothers Karamazov as a counter-narrative for the novel’s first translation into French. In the mid-1880s, the critic Vogüé blocked the introduction of Dostoevsky’s narrative by predict­ing a clash with the French taste. Taking this warning into account, the first French transla­tors Halpérine-Kaminsky and Morice in 1888 framed the source narrative by means of selec­tive appropriation and repositioning of the characters. Being accused of mutilation, Halpéri­ne-Kaminsky reacted with the logic of good reasons. In 1906, the reader was presented with a counter-narrative: Les frères Karamazov by Bienstock and Torquet. However, their retrans­lation, too, was an abbreviated version of the source narrative. Moreover, a micro-textual analysis shows that they largely neutralized the original couleur locale and use of multilin­gualism, which the first translators in the context of the Russian literary hype, had repro­duced to a considerably larger extent. In conclusion, the extraordinary success of the first French translation of The Brothers Karamazov is explained by referring to the norma­lizing function of narratives. In the long run, however, as a result of the undermining coun­ter-narratives in combination with the so-called ‘sleeper effect’, neither the narrative invented by Halpérine-Kaminsky and Morice could withstand the test of time.
Risk factors for atherosclerosis in the light of existing scientific facts
Authors: Vučević Danijela , Jorgačević Bojan , Radosavljević Milica , Đorđević Drago , Radak Đorđe
Published: March 2022

Atherosclerosis is a progressive, multifactorial, diffuse, multisystemic, chronic, inflammatory disease, which is manifested by disorders of vascular, immune and metabolic system. Atherosclerosis is a disease of the large and intermediate sized arteries in which one can observe five stages (endothelial dysfunction, fatty stain, transitory lesion, fibrotic plaque and complex lesion). Pathogenesis of this disease is not fully understood. Numerous scientific theories, as well as functional, experimental and clinical studies try to explain pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, whose the frequentative consequences, coronary disease and cerebral infarction, are currently the leading worldwide cause of death. In this review, we provide an overview of recent literature data and practical knowledge related to most important risk factors for atherosclerosis. Having in mind increase of prevalence of atherosclerosis and its complications in future, it is necessary to take preventive actions to decrease risk factors (inappropriate diet rich in carbohydrates and saturated fat, obesity, smoking, sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity). Except to lifestyle changes, usage of hypocaloric diet and increase level of physical activity, in patients with progressive atherosclerosis it is necessary to apply appropriate medical treatment.
Terminal chronic kidney disease with arterial hypotension in a patient with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Gluvić Zoran , Samardžić Vladimir , Zarić Božidarka , Đurković Veselinka , Mladenović Violeta , Stojanović Marko , Isenović Esma
Published: March 2022

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a rare genetic disorder which is caused by autosomal recessive mutations in genes, encoding enzymes involved in the process of glycoand/ or the mineralocorticoid synthesis. It is most common 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Renal disease in patients with CAH is not common but is usually associated with hypertension. Here we present the case of hypotensive terminal chronic renal diseases, which required the support of hemodialysis in patients with noncompliance CAH intermediation with a loss of salt. Also, we analyzed the influence of hemodialysis treatment on biochemical indicators of quality of CAH treatment.
Cycle-Time Estimation for Forming Curved Plates Using Neural Networks
Authors: Song Jinho , Lee Junhee , Kim Daewoon , Kim Won-Don , Kang Tae-Won , Kim Jeung-Youb , Nam Jong-Ho , Ko Kwanghee
Published: March 2022

This article introduces an artificial neural network (ANN) model to determine cycle-times for forming curved hull plates when the target shape is known. The proposed model aids shipbuilding companies in predicting the cycle-times required for ship fabrication. The input parameters are geometric information extracted from the target shape (curvedness, Gaussian curvature, width, and height of the hull plate), and the output parameter is the heating duration per unit area. The structure of the proposed model, which predicts cycle-times for line heating after the cold forming case, consists of two hidden layers. The proposed model is convenient to use and flexible because it only requires retraining when the dataset is changed. The performance of the proposed model was analyzed by five-fold cross-validation and compared with that of a mathematical model obtained from the linear regression analysis method and predefined formulas. The results show that the ANN model is reliable and accurate for the cycle-time prediction of curved hull plates in shipbuilding applications.

Introduction

Shipbuilding companies generally estimate the production cost of a ship based on their previous ships for various purposes before the production planning department begins to optimize the fabrication process. They use the estimated value to refine the overall fabrication process or improve it by reducing unnecessary tasks and maximize the overall production efficiency.
German stakeholder perspectives on the provision of cross-border public services
Authors: Dühr Stefanie
Published: March 2022

Differences in the legal and administrative frameworks of the member states of the European Union (EU) have been identified as presenting major challenges to achieving territorial cohesion. The policy debate culminated in 2018 with a Commission proposal for an EU Regulation on a ‘European Cross-Border Mechanism’ (ECBM). While the proposed legal instrument is still under negotiation, this paper analyses the experiences of stakeholders in Germany’s border regions on navigating obstacles in the provision of cross-border public services. The paper concludes that while more legal certainty for crossborder cooperation would generally be welcome, stakeholders in border regions do consider local and high-level political support; financial incentives to address complex border challenges; and dedicated local and regional ‘policy entrepreneurs’ to be at least as important for realising complex joint projects.
Fulfilment of Minimum Acceptable Diet as Dominant Factor in Wasting in Children Aged 6–23 Months in Central Jakarta, Indonesia, 2019
Authors: Andina Ervida , Madinar Madinar , Achadi Endang Laksminingsih
Published: March 2022

AbstractWasting is a form of acute malnutrition characterized by significant and rapid weight loss resulting from inadequate food intake and infectious diseases. This study was to investigate the factors associated with wasting in children aged 6–23 months and the dominant factor among these. The study followed a cross-sectional study design. A total sample of 261 children was selected using multistage random sampling from 13 integrated healthcare centres in six administrative villages located in three sub-districts of Central Jakarta. Data was collected by measuring body weight and height and questionnaires completed through interviews carried out by trained data collectors. This study shows that the prevalence of wasting in children aged 6–23 months in Central Jakarta is 6.9%. Based on logistic regression analysis, fulfillment Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) (OR=3.2 90% CI 1.1-9.5) was found to be the dominant factor in wasting after controlling by mother's level of education (OR=1.7 90% CI 0.7–4.2) and the level of family income (OR=2.9; 90% CI 0.9-8.9). This research shows that there is a need for improvement of maternal behaviour in providing appropriate care for children. Based on this research, we recommend that intervention on appropriate breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices be strengthened, especially for mothers with low levels of education and family income.AbstrakWasting adalah salah satu bentuk malnutrisi akut yang ditandai dengan penurunan berat badan yang signifikan dan cepat akibat asupan makanan yang tidak memadai dan penyakit infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan wasting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan dan untuk mengetahui faktor dominan di antaranya. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional. Sampel berjumlah 261 anak dipilih dengan menggunakan multistage random sampling dari 13 puskesmas di enam kelurahan yang berada di tiga kecamatan di Jakarta Pusat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengukur berat badan dan tinggi badan serta pengisian kuesioner melalui wawancara yang dilakukan oleh pengumpul data terlatih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi wasting pada anak umur 6–23 bulan di Jakarta Pusat sebesar 6,9%. Berdasarkan analisis regresi logistik, pemenuhan Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) (OR = 3,2 90% CI 1,1-9,5) ditemukan menjadi faktor dominan kejadian wasting selah dikontrol oleh tingkat pendidikan ibu (OR = 1,7 90% CI 0,7– 4.2) dan tingkat pendapatan keluarga (OR = 2.9; 90% CI 0.9-8.9). Penelitian ini menunjukkan perlunya peningkatan perilaku ibu dalam memberikan pengasuhan yang tepat kepada anak. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, kami merekomendasikan agar intervensi praktik pemberian ASI dan MP-ASI yang tepat diperkuat, terutama bagi ibu dengan tingkat pendidikan dan pendapatan keluarga yang rendah.
Food Insecurity Associated with Double-Burden of Malnutrition among Women in Reproductive Age in Ciampea Sub-district, Bogor, West Java
Authors: Septiani Seala , Irfiyanti Ismi , Hai Tran Thi , Khusun Helda , Wiradnyani Luh Ade , Kekalih Aria , Sahanggamu Paulus Daniel
Published: March 2022

AbstractDouble burdens of malnutrition among women have occurred across most developing countries including Indonesia. This study compared the associated factors among overweight and underweight of women in reproductive age (WRA) in rural Ciampea Sub-district, Bogor, West Java. This cross-sectional study surveyed the nutritional status of 575 mothers (16-49 years old) who have under two-years-old children. Nutritional status was assessed by body-mass-index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), food security status by US-Food Security Survey Module (US-FSSM), dietary intake by a single 24-H dietary recall. The prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obese among this group were 10%, 15.8%, and 34.2%. Food security status was the single factor associated with overweight (p=0.026). However, after adjustment with other factors, food insecurity with hunger was found to be the highest risk of being underweight (AdjOR=3.95; 95%CI: 1.46-10.64). Contrarily, it contributed to lower chances of being overweight among WRA (AdjOR=0.40, 95%CI: 0.21-0.77). In conclusion, food security status in this population associated with both under- and over-nutrition, in addition to other factors such as age and education level of WRA. Ensuring the availability and affordability of nutritious food together with proper nutrition education to rural communities might be worthwhile to improve this condition.AbstrakBeban ganda malnutrisi pada wanita terjadi di sebagian besar negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian ini membandingkan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan pada wanita usia subur (WUS) dengan status gizi kurang dan lebih di pedesaan Ciampea, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Studi potong lintang ini mensurvei status gizi pada 575 Ibu (usia 16-49 tahun) yang memiliki baduta. Penilaian status gizi menggunakan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan lingkar lengan atas (LILA), status ketahanan pangan oleh US-Food Security Survey Module (US-FSSM), asupan makanan dengan food recall 24-jam. Prevalensi gizi kurang, lebih, dan obesitas pada kelompok ini adalah 10%, 15,8%, dan 34,2%. Status ketahanan pangan merupakan faktor tunggal yang terkait dengan kelebihan berat badan (p = 0,026). Namun, setelah disesuaikan dengan faktor lain, kerawanan pangan dengan kelaparan ditemukan sebagai risiko tertinggi terjadinya gizi kurang (AdjOR = 3.95; CI 95%: 1.46-10.64). Sebaliknya, kondisi tersebut berisiko lebih rendah terhadap kejadian gizi lebih pada WUS (AdjOR = 0,40, 95% CI: 0,21-0,77). Kesimpulannya, status ketahanan pangan pada populasi ini berhubungan dengan kejadian ganda malnutrisi, selain faktor lain seperti usia dan tingkat pendidikan. Memastikan ketersediaan dan keterjangkauan pangan bergizi bersama dengan edukasi gizi yang tepat untuk masyarakat pedesaan mungkin bermanfaat untuk memperbaiki kondisi ini.
Underweight in Child Aged 24-59 Months in North Sumatra: the 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey Data
Authors: Kurnianingtyas Salsabila , Sartika Ratu Ayu Dewi , Ningsih Winda Mulia
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnderweight has the biggest risk against burden of disease. The aim of the study was to determine the factors related with underweight in child aged 24-59 months lived in North Sumatra based on three characteristics caused an underweight; there are child characteristics, maternal characteristics, and parenting characteristics. This study used cross-sectional design and using chi-square statistical analysis. The sample used in this study was 280 child aged 24-59 months living in North Sumatra province, Indonesia. The data was obtained from 2014 Indonesian Family Life Survey collected by RAND Corporation. Prevalence of underweight in child aged 24-59 months lived in North Sumatra was 26% (Girls: 32,6%, Boys: 19,9%). The statistical analyses found that female child (OR 95% CI= 0,514: p=0,02), maternal low body mass index (OR 95% CI = 3,750: p=0,04) and cigarette expenditure (OR 95% CI = 1,800: p=0,040) contribute to underweight child aged 24-59 month in North Sumatra province. Child gender, maternal body mass index, and cigarette expenditure were the significant determinants for underweight in under-five children in North Sumatra. The intervention is necessary to be implemented by all parties to decrease the prevalence of underweight.AbstrakBerat badan kurang (underweight) memberikan risiko terbesar terhadap beban penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian underweight pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Provinsi Sumatra Utara berdasarkan dengan tiga karakteristik, yakni karakteristik anak, ibu, dan pola asuh. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi potong lintang dan menggunakan analisis chi-square. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 280 anak berusia 24-59 bulan dan berdomisili di Sumatra Utara. Data yang digunakan berasal dari data Indonesia Family Life Survey tahun 2014 yang dikelola oleh RAND Corporation. Prevalensi kejadian underweight pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Sumatra Utara sebesar 26% (perempuan: 32,6%, laki-laki: 19,9%). Analisis statistik menyatakan bahwa jenis kelamin perempuan (OR 95% CI= 0,514: p=0,02), indeks massa tubuh ibu yang rendah (OR 95% CI = 3,750: p=0,04) dan pengeluaran untuk rokok (OR 95% CI = 1,800: p=0,040) berkontribusi terhadap kejadian underweight pada anak usia 24-59 buan di Sumatra Utara. Jenis kelamin anak, indeks massa tubuh ibu, dan pengeluaran rokok merupakan faktor yang signifikan terhadap kejadian underweight pada anak usia di bawah lima tahun di Provinsi Sumatra Utara. Langkah intervensi diperlukan untuk dapat diimplementasikan oleh seluruh masyarakat untuk dapat menurunkan prevalensi kejadian underweight.
An Effective Method to Predict Low Birth Weight in Indonesia Rural Area
Authors: Adawiyah Asyifa Robiatul , Djokosujono Kusharisupeni , Alam Nur , Setiawati Novita Arie
Published: March 2022

Antenatal care is a compulsory program in Indonesia with minimally 4 times visits, unfortunately, regular Antenatal care visit at Kanjillo health center, South Sulawesi, Indonesia is still low. Most of the LBW in Indonesia born in a rural-areas, where most of the women visit ANC during the third trimester. This study aims to determine the cut-off point of mother’s last trimester pregnancy weight for predicting as well as preventing low birthweight outcomes in the community. The research design was cross-sectional with secondary data taken from the Kanjilo health center, with 150 pregnant mothers visited the health center in 2019, as samples. Anthropometric measurements were used to determine the pregnancy weight in the last trimester as well as the weight of the baby born. Univariate, bivariate, multivariate analysis as well as Receiving Operation Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used. Cut off point of 60.5 kg of pregnancy weight in the third trimester of pregnancy and 0.919 AUC can predict low birth weight. To confirm this method, validation should be done in the community setting in several rural areas.