bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Clip Anchoring on Preventing Migration of Fully Covered Self-Expandable Metal Stent in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Wang Xu , Shi Xin , Luo Hui , Ren Gui , Wang Xiangping , Zhao Jianghai , Li Hui , Ning Bo , Yi Hang , Zhong Li , Zhang Rongchun , Ni Zhi , Liang Shuhui , Xia Mingxing , Hu Bing , Pan Yanglin , Fan Daiming
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMSs) are commonly placed in patients with biliary stricture during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, up to 40% of migration has been reported, resulting in treatment failure or the requirement for further intervention. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of metal clip anchoring on preventing the migration of FCSEMS.

METHODS:

Consecutive patients requiring placement of FCSEMS were included in this multicenter randomized trial. The enrolled patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive clip anchoring (clip group) or not (control group). The primary outcome was the migration rate at 6 months after stent insertion. The secondary outcomes were the rates of proximal and distal migration and stent-related adverse events. The analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle.

RESULTS:

From February 2020 to November 2022, 180 patients with biliary stricture were enrolled, with 90 in each group. The baseline characteristics were comparable between the 2 groups. The overall rate of stent migration at 6 months was significantly lower in the clip group compared with the control group (16.7% vs 30.0%, P = 0.030). The proximal and distal migration rates were similar in the 2 groups (2.2% vs 5.6%, P = 0.205; 14.4% vs 22.2%, P = 0.070). Notably, none of the patients (0/8) who received 2 or more clips experienced stent migration. There were no significant differences in stent-related adverse events between the 2 groups.

DISCUSSION:

Our data suggest that clip-assisted anchoring is an effective and safe method for preventing migration of FCSEMS without increasing the adverse events.
The Subject of Black Subjectivity
Authors: Peterson II Victor
Published: April 2024

In multiple essays, CLR James lays out what a theory of subjectivity must account for to resolve issues stemming from reducing subjectivity to a singular identity. Most proposals for a theory of subjectivity do so by making the subject the object of another’s propositions or claims about the world. I argue that this is an identity claim. The converse of this process is also true, that the subject who claims another as the object of their proposition must also be the object of a proposition themselves, leaving the capacity to form these expressions untouched. In Black Cultural studies, there has been a lot of attention paid to the capacity for one to become the object of their own propositions due to the conception that Black identity overdetermines Black subjects’ expressions prior to their articulation. Our reorientation to the study of subjectivity posits an entity whose operation functions to mobilise as well as implement identity claims. Subjectivity is a capacity while identity becomes the object of that capacity, an object shared between subjects that are known by becoming the object of propositions regarding the world, including their own. This essay attempts to resolve the conflicts that arise once the mistake of conflating subjectivity with identity claims is made and proposes a model whereby the concept of Black subjectivity can be explained.
Contractual Limitations of Liability and their Impact on Tort Claims
Authors: Pichonnaz Pascal
Published: April 2024

By concluding a contract, parties intend to allocate the contractual risk between them. This means that parties must anticipate any future adverse result and determine whether a party will have to cover any loss incurred by the other party as a result of performance or, more often, bad performance. In sales contracts, for example, parties may decide to exclude any liability for defects of goods, especially when selling used goods or for other reasons, or at least to limit liability for some defects or to limit types of possible claims. Similarly, in mergers and acquisitions, parties very strictly determine what is known by the seller in a disclosure letter and give the buyer access to some information in a data room prior to the conclusion of the contract to limit liability to the unknown and the non-disclosed.

CA Hill/BJM Quinn/SD Sollomon, Mergers and Acquisitions, Law, Theory, and Practice (2019) 372–403; R Tschäni/H-J Diem/M Wolf (eds), M&A-Transaktionen nach Schweizer Recht (3rd edn 2021) 209–215 (paras 420–431); O Duys/K Henrich in: W Hölters (ed), Handbuch Unternehmenskauf (8th edn 2015) ch 16, paras 16.108–16.116.

For each party, much of contractual drafting boils down to limiting risk to the greatest extent possible, or at least to ensure compensation for any risk incurred. If parties are on an equal footing, this may lead to an equitable allocation of risk and a balanced contractual liability regime. Contractual limitations of liability are, therefore, part of this process of adequate allocation of risks.

In this contribution, I will briefly address three issues. First, I will look at which principles are applicable to the validity of limitations of contractual liability (I) and then determine to what extent these principles apply to tort claims (II). This will finally lead me to determine whether the Principles of European Tort Law (PETL) need to be supplemented by a further rule dealing with the validity of contractual clauses limiting liability in tort (III).
Interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy extended power aggregation operators and their application in multi-criteria decision-making
Authors: Chen Lu
Published: April 2024

As an effective tool to show the fuzziness of qualitative information, the interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy set can utilize three kinds of information, namely, membership, abstinence, and non-membership, to show the opinions of decision-maker. Given this advantage, many interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (IVTSF-MCDM) methods have been designed. However, most of the existing IVTSF-MCDM methods have a common limitation that the inability to effectively show the impacts of extreme data. To address this limitation, this study develops a novel MCDM method based on interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy extended power aggregation operator. First, interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy cross-entropy (CE) and interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy symmetrical CE are defined to measure the difference between two interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy numbers, which are used to determine criteria weights in MCDM. Second, interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy extended power average operator and interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy extended power geometric operator are proposed, and their properties are investigated. Moreover, in view of that criteria may be assigned to different weights, this study defines interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy extended power weighted average operator and interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy extended power weighted geometric operator to derive the order of alternatives. Finally, the applicability of the proposed method is validated by the case about investment country selection, while the sensitivity and comparison analyses are also conducted to further prove its advantages and effectiveness.
No cheering in the background? Individual performance in professional darts during COVID-19
Authors: Spilker Finn , Ötting Marius
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global shutdown of sporting activities. While professional sports competitions restarted in mid-2020, spectators were usually not allowed. This paper investigates the effect of absent fans and reduced social pressure on performance in professional darts – a setting where individual player performances can be well observed. Considering almost five years of tournament data, we use Bayesian multilevel models to investigate potential heterogeneity across players concerning reduced social pressure. For our analysis, we consider the two main performance measures in darts: the three-dart average and the checkout performance. Our results indicate that the effect of reduced social pressure on performance varies substantially across players. We further find experienced players to be less affected by social pressure compared to relatively inexperienced players.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and the Right to Development: A Tale of Two Worlds
Authors: Das Ishita
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed several chinks in the armour of public health infrastructure across the world. However, the impact of the pandemic has been assessed primarily from the perspective of the ‘privileged’ members of society. The experiences of the ‘other’ world inhabited by the marginalised communities, who have had their livelihoods crushed under the weight of the pandemic, have been scarcely documented. As thousands of migrant workers were more scared of death caused by hunger rather than the disease itself, the various steps taken by different countries to curb community transmission have unveiled the ugly side of these measures. For example, as several states such as the US, the UK, Singapore, Hong Kong, and India/Bharat imposed lockdowns, border closures, quarantines, inter alia, the most vulnerable section of the human population has been the migrant workers, especially those individuals who were employed in the unorganised sector. Thus, the global health crisis has unravelled deep-rooted deficiencies, racial biases, and an overall lack of concern and empathy for the lesser privileged, apart from the growing socio-economic divide between the rich and the poor. This research paper aims to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on migrant workers in the informal sector by exploring the measures imposed by the US, the UK, Singapore, Hong Kong, and India/Bharat and analyse how their fundamental rights, including the right to development, were compromised. Through this paper, the author provides a five-point strategic framework that can be adopted globally to prevent such instances in the future.
Monitoring solids content development in pilot-scale through air drying of tissue paper
Authors: Sjöstrand Björn , Bergström Viktor
Published: April 2024

This study delves into the dynamic evolution of solids content in a pilot-scale through air drying tissue machine, aiming to enhance comprehension and refine optimization strategies for tissue manufacturing. It focuses on development of solids content throughout the process. Analyzing the interaction between process parameters and solids content provides deeper insights into water removal dynamics. The research employs solid contents monitoring techniques in pilot scale, offering a detailed view of solids content evolution from the wet web’s inception to the final tissue product. It significantly highlights the impact of key parameters, particularly pulp refining, on solids content across all positions of the pilot machine. Additionally, the study emphasizes the influence of vacuum system configurations, identifying the relationship between energy expended in the vacuum system and evaporation energy. Furthermore, the results indicate that compression and air displacement dewatering in vacuum boxes are less speed-sensitive compared to heat-driven evaporation in the TAD- and Yankee cylinders. Solid contents at all positions in the tissue machine correlates between various dewatering elements. Optimizing site-specific dewatering and evaporation strategies can potentially save drying energy in the Yankee drying phase which hold promise for enhanced energy and resource utilization, aligning with demands for sustainable manufacturing practices.
Production of recycled paper using harmless municipal sludge as a new biomass filler
Authors: Sun Hao , Chen Xiyu , Wei Lingjun , Cui Jieyu , Zhang Wanlu , Liu Longfei
Published: April 2024

Due to a shortage of resources, exploring new biomass fillers has become critical for paper making. In this study, we reported an eco-friendly strategy for fabricating low-cost and efficient recycled paper with high mechanical properties using corrugated cardboard waste paper and harmless municipal sludge (HMS). First, the characteristics of HMS, including the particle size, pH, specific surface area, organic functional groups and organic component content, were analyzed. Then, the influence of the amount of HMS on the properties of the recycled paper was studied. Finally, the strengthening mechanism of biomass filling recycled paper was discussed. The results showed that HMS, a biomass filler for recycled paper preparation, exhibited excellent physical and chemical properties, with a median particle size of 6.395 μm, a surface area of 39.974 m2 g−1 and organic functional groups. The tensile index of the recycled paper with 30 % HMS was 13.10 Nm/g, which was 16.4 % greater than that of the unfilled paper and showed better thermal stability. This excellent performance could be attributed to the uniform distribution of HMS on the fiber surface, which improved the accessibility of hydrogen bond formation between fibers. Thus, this study proved that HMS was an excellent biomass filler for producing recycled paper.
Inkjet printed acrylate-urethane modified poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) flexible conductive films
Authors: Fiket Lucija , Božičević Marin , Žagar Patricia , Jozić Dražan , Katančić Zvonimir
Published: April 2024

Flexible electronics is a new generation of electronic devices in which electronic components are integrated into flexible substrates. It is used in the fabrication of displays, solar cells, integrated circuits, and increasingly in the fabrication of electronic skin (E-skin), which can mimic the properties of human skin by being able to follow skin movements and flexures without loss of mechanical and electrical properties. E-skin is suitable for integrating various sensors to monitor personal health. Conductive polymers are used in flexible electronics due to their electrical conductivity, low mass, and stability. However, their main disadvantage is their brittleness, which is why they don’t possess flexibility property without modification. Therefore, in this work, the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was used as the main chain and the side branches of poly(acrylate-urethane) (PAU) were grafted onto it by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) onto it, obtaining the grafted copolymer PEDOT-g-PAU. In this way, the main chain of PEDOT retains the property of electrical conductivity without losing conjugation, while the side branches of PAU have the ability to crosslink non-covalently through hydrogen bonds with PAU side branches of adjacent polymer molecules due to the presence of oxygen in their structure. The presence of hydrogen bonds allows increasing the stretchability and flexibility of the material, and they also have the ability to spontaneously renew themselves when they break due to excessive stress. Three different synthesis conditions were used to obtain polymers of different structure, which were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and measurement of electrical conductivity with a four-point probe (4PP) method. The obtained graft copolymer was prepared in the form of ink and printed on a polyurethane (PU) substrate using inkjet technique. The conductivity of the printed layer, its elongation and adhesion were investigated, while possible delamination of the printed polymer layer was also monitored. The results showed that the PEDOT-g-PAU copolymer was successfully synthesized and inkjet printing on PU film was successful. The obtained material has satisfactory electrical and mechanical properties and could be used for the integration of fully functional biosensors with further optimization of the composition.
High-pressure/high-temperature synthesis of Ln
2CdB5O11(OH) (Ln = Tm, Lu)
Authors: Teichtmeister Tobias A. , Bernhart Alexander Hugo , Wurst Klaus , Huppertz Hubert
Published: April 2024

This report presents work on the orthorhombic phases Ln
2CdB5O11(OH) (Ln = Tm, Lu). The title compounds were synthesized in a Walker-type multianvil device at 7 GPa and 650 °C, and the resulting samples were thoroughly investigated through single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction methods. Lu2CdB5O11(OH) crystallizes in the space group Pmna (no. 53) with the unit cell parameters a = 12.772(2), b = 4.6017(7), and c = 12.481(2) Å. Similar unit cell parameters are observed for the isotypic Tm analogue compound. The crystals have a layered crystal structure built up by four-, five-, and eight-membered rings of corner-sharing [BO4] tetrahedra. The structural data are accompanied by attenuated total reflection (ATR) infrared spectra and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).
Temporal Sensitivity for Achromatic and Chromatic Flicker across the Visual Cortex
Authors: Patterson Gentile Carlyn , Spitschan Manuel , Taskin Huseyin O. , Bock Andrew S. , Aguirre Geoffrey K.
Published: April 2024

The retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) receive different combinations of L, M, and S cone inputs and give rise to one achromatic and two chromatic postreceptoral channels. The goal of the current study was to determine temporal sensitivity across the three postreceptoral channels in subcortical and cortical regions involved in human vision. We measured functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses at 7 T from three participants (two males, one female) viewing a high-contrast, flickering, spatially uniform wide field (∼140°). Stimulus flicker frequency varied logarithmically between 2 and 64 Hz and targeted the L + M + S, L − M, and S − (L + M) cone combinations. These measurements were used to create temporal sensitivity functions of the primary visual cortex (V1) across eccentricity and spatially averaged responses from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), and the V2/V3, hV4, and V3A/B regions. fMRI responses reflected the known properties of the visual system, including higher peak temporal sensitivity to achromatic versus chromatic stimuli and low-pass filtering between the LGN and V1. Peak temporal sensitivity increased across levels of the cortical visual hierarchy. Unexpectedly, peak temporal sensitivity varied little across eccentricity within area V1. Measures of adaptation and distributed pattern activity revealed a subtle influence of 64 Hz achromatic flicker in area V1, despite this stimulus evoking only a minimal overall response. The comparison of measured cortical responses to a model of the integrated retinal output to our stimuli demonstrates that extensive filtering and amplification are applied to postretinal signals.
FARKLI ORANLARDA EVAPORASYON UYGULAMASIYLA AROMALI SÜT REÇELİ ÜRETİMİ
Authors: Sarı Meryem Merve , Yetişemiyen Atila , Akal Ceren
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışma kapsamında süte iki farklı oranda (%30 ve %50) evaporasyon uygulanmış ve %1.5 oranında aroma maddesi ilave edilerek muzlu, çilekli, kakaolu süt reçelleri üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Süt reçeli üretiminde farklı düzeylerde evaporasyon uygulanarak, geleneksel üretimde uygulanan sıcaklık şiddetinin ve dolayısıyla üründe meydana gelen olumsuzlukların azaltılması hedeflenmiştir. Örneklerde bileşim özelliklerinin (kurumadde, kül, yağ ve protein) yanında asitlik değerleri (titrasyon asitliği-°SH ve pH), hidroksimetil furfural (HMF), toplam mezofilik aerobik bakteri, renk, tekstür ve duyusal özellikler 1., 11. ve 21. depolama günlerinde belirlenmiştir. Veriler, koyulaştırılmış bir süt ürünü olan süt reçelinin bileşim özelliklerinde değişim gözlenmediğini, HMF değerlerinin ise uygulanan evaporasyon düzeyine bağlı olarak daha yüksek oranda evaporasyon uygulanan (%50 kurumadde oranına kadar) örneklerde daha düşük olduğunu göstermiştir. Aynı örneklerin daha kısa süre kaynatılması L* ve sertlik değerlerinin de daha yüksek olmasına neden olmuştur. Farklı evaporasyon düzeyi ve aroma maddeleri ilavesi ile üretilen süt reçeli örneklerinin tamamının kabul edilebilir özelliklerde olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
Unha obra dramática recuperada: As estrelas están lonxe de Manuel María
Authors: López Teresa
Published: April 2024

Presentamos e reproducimos As estrelas están lonxe (1966-1967) de Manuel María, a partir do mecanoscrito conservado no Archivo General de la Administración de Alcalá de Henares, nos expedientes da Junta de la Censura Teatral do ano 1970. Esta obra dramática fora premiada en 1967 cun accésit na IV edición do Premio Castelao convocado pola Agrupación Cultural O Galo, mais non foi representada nin editada, e o seu texto permanecía ignorado. As estrelas están lonxe tematiza e problematiza a emigración galega a Europa, apuntando as causas socioeconómicas que a provocan e expondo as súas consecuencias psicolóxicas. A publicación desta obra inédita permite completar o corpus teatral do autor lucense.
The The time updating imperfecto in Spanish
Authors: Egetenmeyer Jakob
Published: April 2024

The Spanish imperfecto may be used to update time in a narrative or a report. We take this phenomenon as a core property in order to account for a set of uses of the imperfective past tense-aspect form. We delimit these uses and sub-classify them according to their roles in the more abstract temporal structure. In order to do so, we apply the prominence-based account of temporal discourse structure by Becker & Egetenmeyer (2018). The findings of our analysis of the Spanish imperfecto are tripartite. First, we show that the typical narrative imperfect is only one instantiation of the updating imperfect and that there are also other interesting uses. Second, not all uses classified as cases of the narrative imperfecto in the research literature fall into our class of updating uses. Third, although there are unquestionable parallels with respect to the French updating imparfait, the assumption that the two forms have the same usage potential needs to be dismissed. We show that, within our more fine-grained categories, there are important differences between the two languages
The Effect of XP-endo Finisher R and PIPS Technique Using Er: YAG Laser on Removal of Gutta-percha in Root Canals Obturated with Two Different Obturation Techniques
Authors: Akbal Dinçer Gözde , Türkyılmaz Ali , Hançerlioğulları Dilek , Ermiş Gülşen , Erdemir Ali
Published: April 2024

Background: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of XP-endo finisher R file and PIPS technique using Er: YAG laser on removal of gutta-percha in root canals obturated with two different obturation techniques.
Methods: The root canals of sixty single-rooted teeth were prepared with ProTaper Next Rotary instruments up to X3 (Dentsply, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Half of the root canals were obturated with cold lateral condensation technique and the other half with System B technique (Kerr Corporation, CA, USA) and BioRoot RCS sealer (Setodent, Louisville, USA) was used in all groups as a root canal sealer. After one week, all root canals were retreated using Protaper Universal retreatment instruments (Dentsply, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and enlarged to ProTaper Next X5 File at the working length. Both groups were divided into 3 subgroups according to the additional cleaning methods: control group without an additional cleaning method, XP-endo Finisher R or PIPS technique using Er: YAG laser. Finally, all teeth were split longitudinally and images were taken using an operation microscope (Carl Zeiss, Heidelberg, Germany). The images were analyzed by Image J program. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for statistical analysis.
Results: There was a statistically signiﬁcant difference between the canal filling techniques applied in the evaluation of remnants (p=0.010). There was no significant difference between additional cleaning methods (p=0.196).
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, cleanliness is more difficult in root canals obturated with System B technique. Use of additional cleaning method was not effective in removal of root canal filling materials.
The Effect of Different Angled Abutments with Peripheral Groove and Vent Hole on the Retention of Cement Retained Implant – Supported Restorations
Authors: Asutay Hilal , Yanıkoğlu Nuran
Published: April 2024

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of vent hole or peripheral groove on retention of differently angled (15 ° and 30 o) abutments in of cement retained implant supported restorations. Methods: A total of sixty standart implant abutments were used. Abutments were divided into two groups at 15 ° and 30 ° angles on CNC. According to the modification, each group were divided into 3 subgroups; (1) no modifications, (2) with peripheral groove and (3) with vent hole. Sixty metal frameworks were prepared using laser sintering to fit all abutments. All laser sintered frameworks were cemented with eugenol-free provisional cement. Then, all specimens were thermocycled. The frameworks were removed from the abutments by using the universal test machine and the peak removal force was recorded. Statistical analysis were performed with two-way ANOVA, post hoc Tukey’s (HSD) test-adjusted independent samples t-tests. Results: According to the results, there were significant differences between 15 ° and 30 ° groups in terms of retention values (p < 0.001). Additional hole and grooves enhanced retention in both groups. The highest mean value of vertical pull-out strength (185.00 ± 23.08 N) was showed in 15 ° additional grooves group, and the lowest mean value of vertical pull-out strength (27.60 ± 14.84 N) was showed in 30° control group. Means values of additional groove specimens had the highest scores in both groups. In all groups, there were significant differences between all subgroups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Increased abutment angle decreases retention, while addition of hole and groove increases.
A Hybrid Ameloblastoma in Posterıor Mandible: A Case Report
Authors: Karasu Büşra , Özalp Öznur , Özbilim Gülay , Sindel Alper , Altunay Büşra
Published: April 2024

Objective: Hybrid ameloblastoma refers to the tumors that contain two or more different histologic types of ameloblastoma. Till date, only 49 cases of hybrid ameloblastoma with different combinations have been reported. Here we present a case of hybrid ameloblastoma containing follicular, plexiform, and acanthomatous types.
Case Report: A 24-year-old male patient referred to our clinic with a slow-growing asymptomatic swelling on the right side of the mandible. Radiographic assessment revealed a well-defined radiolucent lesion associated with an impacted third molar. Following incisional biopsy, which was compatible with ameloblastoma, total excision of the lesion along with Carnoy fixation was performed. Final histopathologic assessment revealed a hybrid ameloblastic lesion which contained follicular, plexiform, and acanthomatous types.
Conclusion: Hybrid ameloblastoma has variable clinical, radiological, and histopathological presentation. As a rare entity, the biological behavior of the lesion still needs to be analyzed extensively with further clinical research.
Keywords: Carnoy, Enucleation, Hybrid ameloblastoma.
Ortodonti Alanında Cerrahi ve Minivida Destekli Hızlı Üst Çene Genişletme Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Türkoğlu Kübra Hilal , Atik Ezgi
Published: April 2024

Ortodontik düzensizlikler içerisinde en sık karşılaşılan problemlerden birisi de maksiller transvers yetersizliktir. Bu problem çocuklarda ve ergenlerde ortopedik uygulamalar ve ortodontik kuvvetler ile düzeltilebilir. İskeletsel olgunluğunu tamamlanmış hastalarda maksiller transvers düzensizliğin tedavisi daha zor hale gelmektedir. Bu hastalarda cerrahi destekli hızlı üst çene genişletmesi (SARPE) sıklıkla uygulanırken son dönemlerde komplikasyon riski daha az olan ve uygulama kolaylığı bulunan mini vida destekli hızlı üst çene genişletme (MARPE) uygulaması dikkat çekmektedir. Bu derlemedeki amacımız iskeletsel olgunluğunu tamamlamış hastalarda SARPE ve MARPE uygulamalarıyla ilgili genel bir bakış açısı kazandırmak ve hastalar için en uygun tedavi seçeneğini belirlemede bir kılavuz oluşturabilmektir.
Retrospective Evaluation of Condyle and Ramus Asymmetry with Ortopantomography in Dentate and Total Edentulous Patients
Authors: Öçal Mustafa Çağdaş , Coşgun Baybars Sümeyye , Duran Merve Hacer
Published: April 2024

Objectives: A symmetrical facial appearance affects people's social relationships. Mandibular asymmetry directly effects the facial appearance and may have many morphological and functional causes. Clinically healthy individuals may experience complete edentulousness in advancing ages, which may lead to asymmetry in the condyles and facial appearance. Our aim in this study is to evaluate whether fully-toothed and total edentulous conditions cause changes in the vertical height of the condyle and ramus and also asymmetry.
Material and Methods: A total of 200 patients (104 female, 96 male) with 100 fully-toothed and 100 edentulous were included in the study. Right and left condylar ramus were measured and recorded according to the asymmetry measurement index of Habets et al., with using tracing paper under the reflector light on the patients' orthopantomographic images. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS:22 package program. T-tests, Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used for comparisons. P <0.05 were considered significant.
Results: In previous studies, the difference between the genders was found to be statistically insignificant, therefore we evaluated men and women together. In our research, the mean of the condyle and ramus height asymmetry index in edentulous patients was 4.76 mm and 2.12 mm respectively, and the mean of the condyle and ramus height asymmetry index in fully-toothed patients was 4.88 mm and 2.34 mm, respectively. According to the t-test, the mean of the condyle height and ramus height asymmetry index was found to be higher in fully-toothed patients but this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Although condylar asymmetry was more common than ramus asymmetry in this study, this difference was not statistically significant when total edentulous and fully-toothed patients were compared.
Keywords: Habets technique; condylar asymmetry; ramus asymmetry
Maksiller Alveol Kretin Horizontal Yetersizliğinin İki Aşamalı Kret Split Horizontal Alveolar Genişletme Yöntemiyle Rehabilitasyonu: Bir Olgu Sunumu
Authors: Topal Olgun , Pektas Muhammet Yasin , Pektaş Nur
Published: April 2024

İmplant cerrahisinde implant çevresi 1.5-2 mm'lik sağlıklı kemik dokunun bulunması oldukça önemlidir. İmplant çevresi 1.5-2 mm'lik sağlıklı kemiğe sahip bir implantı uygulayabilmek için 5 mm’den az genişliği bulunan alveoler kemiğinin genişletilmesi gerekmektedir. Alveolar kretin horizontal genişletilmesi için tanıtılan teknikler arasında olan alveoler kret split tekniğinin geçerli bir prosedür olduğu kanıtlanmıştır ve implantların yerleştirilmesini takiben %98 ila %100'lük bir hayatta kalma oranı bildirilmiştir. Kret split tekniği ile uygun boyutta kemik genişletilmesi yapıldıktan sonra ya kemik grefti ile greftlenir (iki aşamalı) veya aynı randevuda implant yerleştirilir (tek aşamalı). Tek aşamalı kret split horizontal alveolar genişletme yönteminin implant yerleştirilmiş bölgedeki alveolar kemikte rezorpsiyon, implantın osteoentegre olmaması ve operasyon alanında enfeksiyon oluşması gibi az görülen komplikasyon riskleri mevcuttur. İki aşamalı teknik ise bu riskler en aza indirilerek daha güvenli bir cerrahi işlem imkânı tanır. Bu cerrahide operasyon tekniğinin yanında hasta kooperasyonunun ve ağız hijyeninin de iyi olması cerrahinin başarılı olmasında önemli bir rol almaktadır.
Yüksek Translüsent Monolitik Zirkonya Materyallerinin Optik ve Mekanik Özellikleri
Authors: Görgülü Gözdenur Melike , Egilmez Ferhan
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, günümüzde son derece popüler olan yüksek translusensiye sahip monolitik zirkonya restoratif materyallerin mekanik ve optik özelliklerine dair sistematik bir derleme yapmaktı. Bu bağlamda MeSH, NIH-PubMed ve Google Academics elektronik veri tabanlarından “high translucent zirconia”, “optical properties”, “mechanical properties”, “translucency parameter”, “opalescence”, “fracture strength”, “toughness” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak elde edilen makaleleri derleyebilmek için elektronik arama yapıldı. Arama sonucunda tam metnine ulaşılan orijinal bilimsel makaleler veya derlemeler değerlendirmeye alındı. Buna karşın konuyla ilgili editörlere mektuplar, başyazılar ve kongre özetleri analiz dışı bırakıldı. Değerlendirmeye alınan makaleler incelendiğinde monolitik zirkonya restorasyonların optik özelliklerini iyileştirmek için materyale ait kompozisyon, yapı ve üretim yöntemlerinde pek çok modifikasyon yapılarak doğal dişle daha uyumlu estetik monolitik zirkonya seramiklerin üretildiği görülmüştür. Ancak optik özelliklerin iyileştirilmesi için yapılan işlemlerin materyalin mekanik özelliklerinde de değişikliklere sebep olduğu bilgisine ulaşılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, yüksek translusent monolitik zirkonyaların optik ve mekanik özelliklerinin hekimler tarafından bilinmesi, klinik pratiğinde vaka için en uygun materyalin seçimi için büyük önem arz etmektedir.
Evaluation of the Knowledge and Attitudes of Dentists Working in a University Hospital in Afyonkarahisar Regarding Rational Drug Use
Authors: Ekici Ömer
Published: April 2024

Background: This study aims to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of dentists working in a dental faculty in Türkiye about rational drug use.
Methods: In this observational study, a 20-question questionnaire measuring participants' knowledge and attitudes towards rational drug use was administered face-to-face to 59 dentists working in a university hospital in Afyonkarahisar. The obtained data were analyzed with the SPSS-20 program.
Results: Fifty-two dentists (16 academics, and 36 research assistants) participated in the study (The participation rate was 89.65%). The most frequently used information sources by the participants while prescribing drugs were the internet (27.56%) and colleagues (24.35%), respectively. Allergic status and pregnancy status were the most frequently asked questions by the participants in the anamnesis of the patients while prescribing drugs (94.2%). approximately one-third (32.7%) of the dentists stated that they did not inform the patient about the "side effects of the drug". The subjects that the participants felt most inadequate about the drugs were price information, bioequivalence, drug interactions and side effects, respectively. 63.5% of the participants think that both the level of medical drug knowledge and the level of knowledge about rational drug use are insufficient.
Conclusion: This study revealed the knowledge gaps and the need for training on rational drug use among dentists. to dentists. Rational pharmacotherapy training should be given to dentists before and after graduation.
Keywords: Rational drug use; drug prescribing; survey; dentistry; dentist.
Effect of Chewing Gums with Different Contents on Salivary Flow Rate, pH and Ion Exchange
Authors: Yıldırım Işık Handan
Published: April 2024

Objective: Aim of this study is to examine the effects of chewing gums with different contents on the salivary flow rate, pH and ion exchange in healthy subjects.
Material and Method: Twenty healthy individuals with DMFT scores of ≤ 4, who did not use any medication or diagnosed with any systemic disease that could change flow and characteristics of saliva were selected as study sample. The unstimulated saliva of all individuals on day one was collected in sterile test tubes. After 24 hours, saliva stimulated by chewing paraffin was collected from each individual as a control group. Then, five different chewing gums were used for 6 minutes for seven days at 24-hour intervals (Vivident Xylit, Oneo White, Trident Recaldent, Fluogum, CB12 Boost). Saliva samples were collected at 0-1, 1-3 and 3-6 minute intervals in graduated sterile test tubes. The pH of saliva collected at the end of each test period was measured with litmus paper to minimize any time-dependent pH changes. Flow rate was calculated in ml/min. Ion exchanges were evaluated according to the spectrophotometric method. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 23.0 statistical program. Statistically significance level was set as p<0.05.
Results: Calcium concentration of the collected saliva was found to be higher in the gum group containing tricalcium phosphate than in the other groups. Calcium carbonate containing gum group showed increased salivary flow rate and lower pH when compared to other groups.
Conclusion: Chewing gum containing calcium carbonate and tricalcium phosphate may have beneficial effects on the structure of saliva and beneficial effects in terms of oral and dental health.
Keywords: Calcium concentration, Chewing gum, Ion Exchange, pH, Salivary flow rate
Genome analysis of clinical isolate of Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus MMM01 from India reveals genetic determinants of pathogenesis and adaptation
Authors: Pinto Deepak Sebastian , Prithvisagar Kattapuni Suresh , Rohit Anusha , Karunasagar Iddya , Karunasagar Indrani , Kumar Ballamoole Krishna
Published: April 2024

In this study we report the whole genome sequencing (WGS) based analysis of blood-borne Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus MMM01 isolated from a diabetic patient to obtain deeper insights in to the virulence and host adaptability. The sequenced genome of C. fetus subsp. fetus MMM01 along with reference genomes retrieved from NCBI was subjected to various in-silico analysis including JSpecies, MLST server, PATRIC server, VFanalyzer, CARD, PHASTER to understand their phylogenetic relation, virulence and antimicrobial resistance profile. The genome had a size of 1,788,790 bp, with a GC content of 33.09%, nearly identical to the reference strain C. fetus subsp. fetus 82-40. The MLST based phylogenetic tree constructed revealed the polyphyletic branching and MMM01 (ST25) was found to be closely related to ST11, both belong to the sap-A serotype which are more common in human infections. VFanalyzer identified 88 protein-coding genes coding for several virulence factors including Campylobacter adhesion to fibronectin, flagellar apparatus, cytolethal distending toxin operons and Campylobacter invasion antigen proteins which enhance the virulence of bacteria along with resistance genes against antibiotics including fluoroquinolone, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and aminoglycoside in MMM01, which points to enhanced survival and pathogenicity of this zoonotic pathogen. It was interesting to find that MMM01 lacked FGI-II island found in most of the clinical isolates, which encoded CRISPR Cas and prophage II regions. More details about the complexity and evolution of this zoonotic pathogen could be learned from future studies that concentrate on comparative genome analysis using larger genome datasets.
A new pathogenic polypore on urban trees: The first record of Rigidoporus ulmarius (Rigidoporaceae, Hymenochaetales) in Hungary
Authors: Papp Viktor
Published: April 2024

The Giant Elm Bracket (Rigidoporus ulmarius) is a widely-distributed necrotrophic polypore species that causes white heart rot in deciduous trees. Despite its recognition as one of the largest species known for forming basidiomata, this perennial polypore had not been documented in Hungary. However, in recent years, two specimens macroscopically resembling this species were collected on old horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) trees from two different places in Hungary by amateur mycologists. In this study, subsequent morphological and molecular-genetic analyses of these fungal samples confirmed their identity as R. ulmarius. This study represents the first documented occurrence of this plant pathogenic polypore species in Hungary.
“We Found People…”
Authors: Kobiałka Dawid
Published: April 2024

This photo essay shows human remains. Viewer discretion is advised.
Death Valley in Chojnice, Poland, is the site of mass crimes committed by officers of the Third Reich against citizens of the Second Polish Republic during World War II. This photo essay describes the circumstances of the discovery of mass graves dating from late January 1945, when several hundred Poles were taken to the outskirts of the town, murdered, and their bodies burned to cover up the traces of the crime. The text advocates the presentation of human remains as irrefutable material evidence of the crime and of the the cover-up attempt. The reason it is presented as a photo essay is because the visual arts, in the context of documenting mass graves, are able to capture aspects of the site – the materiality of the crimes committed and the aura of the exhumation itself – that are not usually taken into account in archaeological field research. Such elements, however, are inherent to any field research that involves the exhumation of innocent victims.
Valorization of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) dose validation in spices: Changes in phenolic contents and antioxidant activity during storage of UV-C-treated dried spices powder
Authors: Qasem Akram A. , Ibraheem Mohamed A. , Hamami Mshari A.H. , Al-Shoqairan Yaser I. , Alamri Mohamed Saleh , A. Al Maiman Salah , B. Hassan Amro
Published: April 2024

In this work, ultraviolet-C (UV-C) radiation was applied at dose levels of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2.0 kJ.m–2 to evaluate changes on the antioxidant capacity of dried fennel seeds, chilli pepper, and coriander seeds powder during storage. The samples’ total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl activity, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were evaluated prior to and after storage for 6 and 12 months at 25°C and a relative humidity of 45%. The results showed that spices treated with UV-C doses had significantly greater content of TPC, TFC and FRAP during storage, compared to untreated samples. The validation of UV-C dose, as investigated by the partial least squares regression analysis, stated the most valid dose for each dried spice that improved its phenolic content and antioxidant activity prior to and after storage. These findings revealed that UV-C irradiation could help alleviate losses and sustain spices’ quality and shelf life as a postharvest treatment method.
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY OF PLANT-BASED DRINK "CHOCOLATE" BASED ON AMARANTH FLOUR
Authors: TKACHENKO N. , CHAGAROVSKII O. , DIDUKH E.
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the factors that contribute to the development of the plant-based milk production industry in Ukraine, shows the prospects for the development of this segment of the market during the next decade in the country, outlines the segment of Ukrainians who are potential consumers of the target product - "plant-based milk". Based on the analysis of literary data, the relevance and expediency of processing amaranth flour as a raw material with high nutritional and biological value, which is produced today in Ukraine by enterprises of the oil and fat industry, into plant-based beverages, is substantiated. The technology of processing amaranth flour into a plant-based drink "Chocolate" using natural raw ingredients based on amaranth flour, developed during research at LLC "Khmilnytskyi dry skimmed milk plant "Molochny Visit", is presented. The process of production of the target product is detailed in the form of a vector scheme; all are described stages of the technological process of the production of ultra-pasteurized herbal drink "Chocolate" with a detailed justification of technological parameters. The industrial approbation of the developed technology of the herbal drink "Chocolate" using natural raw ingredients based on amaranth flour was carried out at LLC "Khmilnytskyi dry skimmed milk plant "Molochny Visit". The indicators of the quality of the produced drink were determined - organoleptic, physicochemical and microbiological. The evaluation of the organoleptic indicators of the herbal drink "Chocolate" produced in production conditions according to the developed recipe and innovative technology proved that they correspond to those of the herbal drinks presented today on the consumer market of Ukraine: the taste of the drink is rich, sweet, with a taste of cocoa and a light nutty aftertaste; the consistency of the drink is homogeneous, with a slight sediment at the bottom of the container; the color is pronounced brown, uniform throughout the entire mass of the drink. The microbiological indicators of the herbal drink "Chocolate" meet the requirements of industrial sterility, which guarantees its safety for the consumer. It is recommended to take the physico-chemical indicators of the produced drink "Chocolate" as a basis when developing regulatory documentation for the product.
Evaluation of electrochemical performance of antimony modified screen-printed carbon electrodes
Authors: Kifle Alexander B. , Malakhova Nataliya , Ivoilova Alexandra , Leonova Natalia , Saraeva Svetlana , Kozitsina Alisa
Published: April 2024

This study compares the electrochemical performance of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) modified with antimony (Sb/SPCEs) under different potentiostatic pre-plating conditions. Neutral Red (NR) was employed as a novel redox probe to evaluate the electrochemical performance of Sb/SPCEs. It was demonstrated that NR in the protonated form performs quasi-reversible redox transformations at bare SPCE and Sb/SPCEs in phosphate buffer solutions (pH 5.5±0.5) in the potential range of (−0.30)–(−0.75) V, where the antimony is not electroactive. Sb/SPCEs were studied electrochemically by cyclic voltammetry (CV) / electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and morphologically by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cyclic voltammetry investigations revealed the dependence of the electrochemical performance of Sb/SPCEs on the degree of coverage of the substrate with the metal. The obtained CV, EIS, and SEM data are consistent. The lowest charge transfer resistance (Rct) value (6 Ω) was obtained at Sb/SPCE with the highest degree of antimony coverage. To investigate the electroanalytical performance of Sb/SPCEs, nickel (II) ions were utilized as a model analyte. A study of roughness factors and sensitivity towards nickel (II) ions for Sb/SPCEs using two-tailed Pearson's criterion revealed a high degree of correlation between their electrochemical and electroanalytical properties. The results show that using NR as a redox probe can help controlling modification processes during the development of innovative antimony-containing sensors.
QUANTO DE PERDA VOLUMÉTRICA E DE FORÇA DO MÚSCULO QUADRÍCEPS FEMORAL É ESPERADA NO PÓS-OPERATÓRIO DA RECONSTRUÇÃO DO LIGAMENTO CRUZADO ANTERIOR?
Authors: Thiele André Luis Menezes Schwansee , Ribas Filho Jurandir Marcondes , Thiele Edilson Schwansee , Thiele Luis Fernando Menezes Schwansee , Cuenca Ronaldo Mafia , Possiedi Rafael Dib , Andreollo Nelson Adami
Published: April 2024

Introdução: Observa-se, quando da lesão e/ou reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior, não somente que há diminuição da força, mas também da qualidade e da contração do quadríceps, além de atrofia muscular. A ressonância magnética e dinamometria isocinética têm oferecido melhor avaliação dos períodos pré e pós-cirúrgicos, podendo melhor monitorizar e prever a reabilitação pós-operatória.

Objetivos: Revisar o papel do volume e da força do músculo quadríceps femoral antes e após reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior e como estas medidas se correlacionam com as variáveis preditivas da força muscular pré e pós-operatória.

Método: Revisão integrativa colhendo informações em plataformas virtuais. Os textos foram selecionados do SciELO, Google Scholar, Pubmed e Scopus. Os descritores relacionados ao tema foram os seguintes: reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior; ressonância magnética; músculo quadríceps em português e inglês com busca AND ou OR, considerando o título e/ou resumo.

Resultados: Foi realizada a leitura da íntegra dos textos selecionados e incluídos 61 artigos.

Conclusão: Observou-se perda de volume e força do músculo quadríceps após a reconstrução. A perda da força muscular foi 4 vezes maior que a do volume pré- operatório e 2 vezes maior no pós-operatório com melhora após 4 meses da operação.