bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nicht pharmakologische Sekundärprävention und Rehabilitation: aktuelle
Evidenz
Authors: Reibis Rona K. , Völler Heinz
Published: June 2020

Die Sekundärprävention der koronaren Herzkrankheit umfasst einerseits eine
pharmakologische, andererseits eine lebensstilbasierte Säule, die idealerweise
interagieren und sich potenzieren. Neben der medikamentösen Blutdruck- und
Lipideinstellung auf leitlinienorientierte Zielwerte ermöglichen moderne
Antidiabetika eine Optimierung des glukometabolischen Kontinuums und eine
Prognosebesserung. Die Lebensstiloptimierung setzt sich aus koronarprotektiver
Ernährung, einer individualisierten Trainingstherapie, einer konsequenten
Nikotinkarenz und stressreduzierenden Maßnahmen zusammen. Die kardiologische
Rehabilitation (Phase II) schließt sich idealerweise unmittelbar einem stationären
Aufenthalt wegen eines akuten Koronarereignisses an, kann aber auch im Rahmen einer
stabilen Koronarsituation im Rahmen eines allgemeinen Antragsverfahrens durchgeführt
werden. Randomisierte und prospektiv angelegte Interventionsstudien belegen die
prognostische Wertigkeit der kardiologischen Rehabilitation auch im Zeitalter akuter
Revaskularisationstherapie mit 24-h-PCI und moderner Pharmakotherapie.
Recent Advances in the Molecular Imaging of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Larivière Mélusine , Bonnet Samuel , Lorenzato Cyril , Laroche-Traineau Jeanny , Ottonès Florence , Jacobin-Valat Marie-Josée , Clofent-Sanchez Gisèle
Published: June 2020

Atherosclerosis is the major underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases, the prevalence of which is continuously increasing, thus currently standing as the leading global cause of death. This pathology gradually develops over the course of 50 or more years throughout the life of an individual under the influence of a vast number of factors, both environmental and pathophysiological. This wealth of factors has elicited much research into molecular imaging, with purely diagnostic purposes or with the hope of engineering an efficient theranostic tool. To these ends, diverse nanomaterials with desirable, tunable properties have been explored by different teams, as described in this review.
Tall-Statured Patients Have Similar Outcomes to Normal Height Patients after Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Siddiqi Ahmed , Warren Jared A. , Groover Michael , Santana Daniel , Anis Hiba K. , Kamath Atul F. , Molloy Robert M. , Higuera Carlos A. , Piuzzi Nicolas S.
Published: June 2020

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been proven to be a safe and efficacious operation; however, there is a paucity of literature on outcomes in patients in the 99th percentile for height. The objectives of this study were to identify differences in (1) implant selection, (2) operative times, (3) intraoperative and postoperative complications, (4) 90-day readmission, (5) all cause reoperation rates, and (6) hospital length of stay (LOS), in tall-statured patients compared with a matched control cohort. An electronic research request was used to identify 12,850 patients who underwent THA from January 2012 to December 2016 with minimum 1-year follow-up at a single health care system for retrospective chart review. Patients were identified in the 99th percentile for height (193 cm for males and 177 cm for females) and then matched to controls based on gender, race, age, body mass index, and Charlson comorbidity index. A total of 260 THA patients (2%) were identified in the 99th percentile for height. The tall-statured patients were then matched to 248 patients of normal stature. The exclusion criteria was met by 172 tall-statured patients and 165 normal-statured patients. Final analysis comprised of 86 tall-statured patients (100 THA) and 83 matched normal-statured patients (92 THA). Baseline demographics information and the outcomes of interest were then compared. The mean height of the female patients in the tall cohort was 181.01 ± 2.51 cm compared with 166.6 ± 6.98 cm for the control group (p < 0.001), while it was 195.25 ± 4.03 cm for male patients in the tall cohort and 174.11 ± 4.63 cm for the control cohort (p < 0.001). Tall-statured patients had larger acetabular cups (p < 0.001) and femoral head (p = 0.046) components. There were no differences in reoperation (p = 0.282), 90-day readmissions (p = 0.862), intraoperative fractures (p = 0.228), postoperative complications (p = 0.678), operative times (p = 0.890), and LOS (p = 0.099) between the tall-statured and normal-statured patients. Patients that are in the 99th percentile for height have similar outcomes to patients that are of normal height. The level of evidence of this study is level 3.
Universal Health Coverage in India: Where Rubber Hits the Road?
Authors: Nanjunda Devajana Chinnappa
Published: June 2020

Poverty and healthcare issues are the most debatable topics today. Developing countries like India have as much as 45% of its population trapped in poverty because of various urgent healthcare needs. Universal health coverage (UHC) is a unique insurance system to provide financial protection to the marginalized groups of the country. It facilitates appropriate and immediate health needs, including required diagnostic, therapeutic and operational costs. However, UHC, a unique plan which focuses on the disadvantaged sections of the society, has some serious lacunae when it comes to its implementation in real life. This includes finances and human resources. Experts are reallocating adequate budgetary expenditure on healthcare issues, and in the meantime, a shortage of skilled health manpower is hunting down the UHC scheme in India. In recent times, different state governments are increasing budget allocation for the health sector. UHC is targeting low-income and poor families, forgetting the affordable and timely healthcare by way of improving services offered at the primary health centers and rapid expansion of the skilled health manpower across the country. UHC needs to focus on health paradigm systems, including improved healthcare-seeking behavior, nutrition, sanitation, potable water, reducing maternal and infant mortality, and dissemination of information of current technology to provide quality health services to the underserved and marginalized population of the country. These changes would symbolize a real way forward toward the immediate fulfillment of UHC goals for India.
Staging of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Beyond TME
Authors: Keller Deborah S.
Published: June 2020

The management of rectal cancer is complex and continually evolving. With advancements in technology and the use of multidisciplinary teams to guide the treatment decision making, staging, oncologic, and functional outcomes are improving, and the management is moving toward personalized treatment strategies to optimize each individual patient's outcomes. Key in this evolution is imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as the dominant method of pelvic imaging in rectal cancer, and use of MRI for staging is best practice in multiple international guidelines. MRI allows a noninvasive assessment of the tumor site, relationship to surrounding structures, and provides highly accurate rectal cancer staging, which is necessary for determining the appropriate treatment strategy. However, the applications of MRI extend far beyond pretreatment staging. MRI can be used to predict outcomes in locally advanced rectal cancer and guide the surgical or nonsurgical plan, serving as a predictive and prognostic biomarker. With continued MRI hardware improvement and new sequence development, MRI may offer new perspectives in the assessment of treatment response and new innovations that could provide better insight into the staging, restaging, and outcomes with rectal cancer.
The ABO Locus is Associated with Increased Fibrin Network Formation in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Winther-Larsen Anne , Christiansen Morten Krogh , Larsen Sanne Bøjet , Nyegaard Mette , Neergaard-Petersen Søs , Ajjan Ramzi A. , Würtz Morten , Grove Erik Lerkevang , Jensen Henrik Kjærulf , Kristensen Steen Dalby , Hvas Anne-Mette
Published: June 2020

Background The ABO locus has been associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. As altered fibrin clot structure has been demonstrated to predict MI in CAD patients, we examined the association between the ABO risk variant and fibrin clot properties, and investigated the effects of other CAD-associated risk variants.

Methods We included 773 stable CAD patients. Patients were genotyped for 45 genome-wide CAD risk variants, including rs495828 at the ABO locus. We used a genetic risk score (GRS) for CAD calculated as the weighted sum of the number of risk alleles based on all 45 variants. Fibrin clot properties were evaluated using a turbidimetric assay. We studied clot maximum absorbance, a measure of clot density and fiber thickness, together with clot lysis time, an indicator of fibrinolysis potential.

Results The rs495828 risk allele was present in 13.2% of patients and associated with higher clot maximum absorbance (adjusted effect size per risk allele: 1.05 [1.01 − 1.09], p = 0.01) but not with clot lysis time (p = 0.97). The rs12936587 (p = 0.04), rs4773144 (p = 0.02), and rs501120 (p = 0.04) were associated with clot lysis time; however, after Bonferroni correction, no significant associations were found between any of the remaining 44 CAD-associated variants and fibrin clot properties. The GRS was not associated with fibrin clot properties (p-values > 0.05).

Conclusion The ABO risk allele was associated with a more compact fibrin network in stable CAD patients, which may represent a mechanism for increased MI risk in ABO risk variant carriers.
Acupuncture points and perforating cutaneous vessels identified in the upper limb using infrared thermography
Authors: Soares-Parreira F. , Álvarez-Prats D. , Carvajal-Fernández O. , Barbosa-Pereira M. , Valera-Garrido F.
Published: June 2020

Objective To verify the presence of perforating cutaneous vessels (PCV) among different acupuncture points (AP) of the upper limb by means of infrared thermography (IT).

Material and Methods An analytical observational cross-sectional study examining the upper limb of volunteer subjects (n = 7). A total of 91 AP were analyzed, as well as 91 control points (CP), one for each AP. In each subject, first, the AP and their corresponding CP were marked and, second, the thermographic images were taken. The images were then processed using the Physio Thermal Imaging (PTI) software, observing the presence or absence of these PCV on the AP and corresponding CP.

Results PCV were identified in 68.1% of the total 91 AP examined. However, despite the strong trend in the presence of PCV in the studied AP, certain AP did not display significant differences with their corresponding CP.

Conclusions This study shows a certain correlation between the PCV and the AP chosen in this sample, due to the high presence of PCV in the AP. IT is a useful tool during physical therapy treatment procedures using acupuncture.
A combined superconducting magnetic system with a uniform field of up to 20 T
Authors: Chernyak N. A. , Kutsenko P. A. , Lazareva M. B.
Published: June 2020

A combined superconducting magnetic system with a uniform field of up to 20 T has been developed. The system contains several solenoidal sections and a magnetic flux concentrator consisting of hydroextruded dysprosium. The sections are wound from NbTi, Nb3Sn wires and Nb3Sn ribbon. A magnetic shield made out of Nb3Sn ribbon is applied in order to increase the uniformity of the magnetic field. The magnetic field achieved in the gap between the ends of the concentrator has a high spatial uniformity ΔН/Н ∼ 5 × 10−5.
Boosting CO2 solar-to-fuel efficiency
Authors: Frank Jodi Ackerman
Published: June 2020

Researchers review the latest advances in visible-light-driven CO 2 reduction and offer insight on significant areas of study.
Instability of skyrmions in magnetic fields
Authors: Mougel Loic , Buhl Patrick M. , Nemoto Ryohei , Balashov Timofey , Hervé Marie , Skolaut Julian , Yamada Toyo Kazu , Dupé Bertrand , Wulfhekel Wulf
Published: June 2020

In this combined experimental and theoretical work, we report on the evolution of the skyrmion radius and its destruction in the system Co/Ru(0001) when an out-of-plane magnetic field is applied. At low fields, skyrmions are metastable and display an elliptical instability in which along the short axis, the spin texture approaches that of the spin-spiral phase and the long axis expands in order to go back to the spin-spiral ground state. At high fields, we observe round skyrmions of finite size up to the collapse field Bc, where they are destroyed and the topological charge is annihilated. We estimate Bc via numerical methods based on magnetization dynamics simulations parametrized by density functional theory calculations and compare it to experimental scanning tunneling microscopy observations obtained at ≈ 30 mK.
Service use of young people with Type 1 diabetes after transition from paediatric to adult-based diabetes health care
Authors: Perry Lin , Dunbabin Janet , Xu Xiaoyue , Lowe Julia , Acharya Shamasunder , James Steven , Steinbeck Katharine S.
Published: June 2020

Objective The aim of this study was to determine, in the first 2 years after the last planned appointment with paediatric diabetes services for young people with Type 1 diabetes (T1D): (1) the number of planned and unplanned healthcare contacts and HbA1c measurements made; (2) factors linked to diabetes-related service use; and (3) factors predictive of the number of planned and unplanned service contacts, and of meeting the minimum number of planned service contacts. Methods Healthcare records of a major public healthcare provider in Australia were audited for preventive and acute service use by young people with T1D transferring from paediatric to adult public healthcare services. Statistical analyses included use of t-tests and logistic regression modelling. Results Of 172 young people with T1D, 21% had no planned specialist care and 49% accessed acute services for diabetes-related matters. Residents of metropolitan areas and users of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy were more likely to access specialist care and were less likely to use acute services for unplanned care. Those achieving a minimum of nine planned care contacts in 2 years had a shorter duration between the last paediatric and first adult healthcare contact. Conclusions Lack of specialist care in early adult years and non-metropolitan relative disadvantage compromise the present and future health of young people with diabetes. What is known about the topic? Well-managed transition is thought to offer the best chance of achieving cost-effective continuing engagement with specialist services for planned preventive care, effective T1D self-management and deferral or early attention to diabetes-related vascular complications. However, transition is commonly reported as problematic. What does this paper add? The findings of this study indicate a positive trend but continuing need to improve transition care for young people with T1D, especially those living in non-metropolitan areas and those not using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy. What are the implications for practitioners? Without service innovation, suboptimal and delayed access to planned care, high use of acute services for unplanned care and poor glycaemic control will continue to threaten the future health and well-being of young people with T1D.
Scoping review of Australian evaluations of healthcare delivery models: are we making the most of the evidence?
Authors: Roseleur Jacqueline , Partington Andrew , Karnon Jonathan
Published: June 2020

Objective Healthcare delivery models describe the organisation of healthcare practitioners and other resources to provide health care for a defined patient population. The organisation of health care has a predominant effect on the receipt of timely and appropriate health care. Efforts to improve healthcare delivery should be evidence informed, and large numbers of evaluations of healthcare delivery models have been undertaken. This paper presents a scoping review of Australian evaluations of new healthcare delivery models to inform a discussion of the appropriate use of such evidence to improve the efficiency and sustainability of the Australian health system. Methods A systematic scoping review was undertaken, following an a priori published protocol. PubMed, Embase and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched for primary comparative studies of healthcare delivery models undertaken in Australia and published between 2009 and 2018. Primary prevention studies, such as health promotion activities, were excluded. Results Of 14 923 citations, 636 studies were included in the scoping review. Of these, 383 (60%) were randomised control trials. There were 18 clinical specialties in which over 10 evaluations were identified. Most models involved allied health practitioners or nurses. Conclusion Evaluations of healthcare delivery models provide important evidence that can be used to improve the use of the most important and costly assets of health systems, namely the healthcare practitioners who deliver health care. A nationally coordinated system is required to support local health services to assess the local value of alternative healthcare delivery models. What is known about the topic? The organisation and delivery of health care is continuously evolving in response to changes in the demand and supply of health care. New healthcare delivery models are often evaluated in specific locations, but it is not clear how such evidence informs the delivery of care in other locations. What does this paper add? This paper reports the findings of a scoping review of Australian evaluations of healthcare delivery models, highlighting the large and increasing number of such evaluations that have been published in the past 10 years. What are the implications for practitioners? Opportunities to improve health system efficiency are likely being lost due to the underuse of the available Australian evidence on new healthcare delivery models. Local health services need support to interpret such evidence in their local context, which could be provided through the development of a national framework for local evaluation.
OGT suppresses S6K1-mediated macrophage inflammation and metabolic disturbance
Authors: Yang Yunfan , Li Xiruo , Luan Harding H. , Zhang Bichen , Zhang Kaisi , Nam Jin Hyun , Li Zongyu , Fu Minnie , Munk Alexander , Zhang Dongyan , Wang Simeng , Liu Yuyang , Albuquerque João Paulo , Ong Qunxiang , Li Rui , Wang Qi , Robert Marie E. , Perry Rachel J. , Chung Dongjun , Shulman Gerald I. , Yang Xiaoyong
Published: June 2020

Significance

Overnutrition leads to metabolic disorders including obesity and diabetes. Studies have shown that enhanced inflammation is an essential player in the progression of metabolic diseases. However, how immune cells sense nutritional status and contribute to whole-body metabolism are largely unknown. Protein
O
-linked β-
N
-acetylglucosamine (
O
-GlcNAc) modification is thought to be a metabolic sensor that modulates cell signaling. Here, we show that overnutrition stimulates
O
-GlcNAc signaling in macrophages.
O
-GlcNAc signaling suppresses macrophage proinflammatory activation and protects against diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction. This study uncovers
O
-GlcNAc signaling as a homeostatic regulator at the interface of inflammation and metabolism and suggests that
O
-GlcNAc signaling may serve as a therapeutic target for obesity, diabetes, and other immune-related diseases.
Prevalent Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza virus with 2009 pandemic viral genes facilitating human infection
Authors: Sun Honglei , Xiao Yihong , Liu Jiyu , Wang Dayan , Li Fangtao , Wang Chenxi , Li Chong , Zhu Junda , Song Jingwei , Sun Haoran , Jiang Zhimin , Liu Litao , Zhang Xin , Wei Kai , Hou Dongjun , Pu Juan , Sun Yipeng , Tong Qi , Bi Yuhai , Chang Kin-Chow , Liu Sidang , Gao George F. , Liu Jinhua
Published: June 2020

Significance

Pigs are intermediate hosts for the generation of pandemic influenza virus. Thus, systematic surveillance of influenza viruses in pigs is a key measure for prewarning the emergence of the next pandemic influenza. Here, we identified a reassortant EA H1N1 virus possessing pdm/09 and TR-derived internal genes, termed as G4 genotype, which has become predominant in swine populations since 2016. Similar to pdm/09 virus, G4 viruses have all the essential hallmarks of a candidate pandemic virus. Of concern is that swine workers show elevated seroprevalence for G4 virus. Controlling the prevailing G4 EA H1N1 viruses in pigs and close monitoring in human populations, especially the workers in swine industry, should be urgently implemented.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed from saliva metabolic profiling
Authors: Song Xiaowei , Yang Xihu , Narayanan Rahul , Shankar Vishnu , Ethiraj Sathiyaraj , Wang Xiang , Duan Ning , Ni Yan-Hong , Hu Qingang , Zare Richard N.
Published: June 2020

Significance

We show that the combination of conductive polymer spray mass spectrometry (CPSI-MS) and machine learning provides a simple, fast, and affordable method for oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis with 86.7% accuracy. By using CPSI-MS, the direct, high-throughput metabolic profiling of saliva can be readily realized in a noninvasive manner. The self-conductive materials used in CPSI-MS for sample loading and ionization are clean, cheap, and consumable for cohort analysis. Wide coverage of chemical species provides not only the pools of possible metabolite signatures for molecular diagnosis but also the possibility of exploring metabolite function and oncological mechanism. The analysis of saliva samples from 373 individuals was completed within 4.5 h, satisfying the technical demand for point-of-care testing.
Sex differences in neutrophil biology modulate response to type I interferons and immunometabolism
Authors: Gupta Sarthak , Nakabo Shuichiro , Blanco Luz P. , O’Neil Liam J. , Wigerblad Gustaf , Goel Rishi R. , Mistry Pragnesh , Jiang Kan , Carmona-Rivera Carmelo , Chan Diana W. , Wang Xinghao , Pedersen Hege L. , Gadkari Manasi , Howe Katherine N. , Naz Faiza , Dell’Orso Stefania , Hasni Sarfaraz A. , Dempsey Caeden , Buscetta Ashley , Frischmeyer-Guerrerio Pamela A. , Kruszka Paul , Muenke Maximilian , Franco Luis M. , Sun Hong-Wei , Kaplan Mariana J.
Published: June 2020

Significance

Despite clear differences in female and male immunity that may contribute to variations in response to infections and predisposition to cancer and autoimmunity, the exact mechanisms that drive this stark contrast remain insufficiently characterized. Neutrophils play essential roles in homeostasis and disease, but little is known about how sex differences modulate their phenotype and function. Using transcriptomic and functional approaches, we report that healthy young adult females have an activated/mature neutrophil profile characterized by enhanced type I IFN pathway activity, enhanced proinflammatory responses, and distinct bioenergetics. We further show that these differences are cell specific and likely driven by sex hormones. Modulation of these pathways in neutrophils may provide more individualized, sex-specific therapeutic options in a variety of disease states.
Observing the nonvectorial yet cotranslational folding of a multidomain protein, LDL receptor, in the ER of mammalian cells
Authors: Kadokura Hiroshi , Dazai Yui , Fukuda Yo , Hirai Naoya , Nakamura Orie , Inaba Kenji
Published: June 2020

Significance

Multidomain proteins constitute more than two-thirds of all proteome. To decrease the risk of misfolding, these proteins generally fold vectorially as each domain emerges from the ribosome or protein translocation channel. Interestingly, however, some cell surface multidomain proteins including the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) fold in the ER nonvectorially via intermediates with nonnative disulfides. Shuffling of nonnative disulfides to native ones, a key step in their folding, has been thought to proceed slowly after synthesis. Here, we find that disulfide shuffling in LDLR occurs at a specific timing during synthesis in a manner depending on a downstream region of the polypeptide. Thus, nonvectorial folding of multidomain proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) may be more coordinated and elaborated than thought.
Genomic discovery of an evolutionarily programmed modality for small-molecule targeting of an intractable protein surface
Authors: Shigdel Uddhav K. , Lee Seung-Joo , Sowa Mathew E. , Bowman Brian R. , Robison Keith , Zhou Minyun , Pua Khian Hong , Stiles Dylan T. , Blodgett Joshua A. V. , Udwary Daniel W. , Rajczewski Andrew T. , Mann Alan S. , Mostafavi Siavash , Hardy Tara , Arya Sukrat , Weng Zhigang , Stewart Michelle , Kenyon Kyle , Morgenstern Jay P. , Pan Ende , Gray Daniel C. , Pollock Roy M. , Fry Andrew M. , Klausner Richard D. , Townson Sharon A. , Verdine Gregory L.
Published: June 2020

Significance

This manuscript reports on a member of the FK506/rapamycin family, WDB002, and the realization that FKBP-mediated recognition is a genetically programmable modality that enables engagement of topologically flat targets. FKBP-mediated recognition is thus nature’s strategy for drugging the “undruggable.” The surface of FKBP engages three completely unrelated targets—calcineurin, MTOR, and CEP250—with high-target affinity and specificity, using different constellations of amino acid residues. Target specificity is determined solely by the “variable domain” of the bound small molecule alone, suggesting the modality might be generalizable to other undruggable targets through variable domain engineering. Finally, since WDB002 targets CEP250, it may be a promising starting point for developing a treatment for COVID-19.
Dynamics of electrohydraulic soft actuators
Authors: Rothemund Philipp , Kirkman Sophie , Keplinger Christoph
Published: June 2020

Nature has inspired the design of robots in which soft actuators enable tasks such as handling of fragile objects and adapting to unstructured environments. Those tasks are difficult for traditional robots, which predominantly consist of hard components. Electrohydraulic soft actuators are liquid-filled shells that deform upon the application of electric fields; they excel among soft actuators with muscle-like force outputs and actuation strains, and with actuation frequencies above 100 Hz. However, the fundamental physics that governs the dynamics of electrohydraulic soft actuators is unexplored. Here, we study the dynamics of electrohydraulic soft actuators using the Peano-HASEL (hydraulically amplified self-healing electrostatic) actuator as a model system. Using experiments and a scaling analysis, we discover two dynamic regimes: a regime in which viscous dissipation reduces the actuation speed and a regime governed by inertial effects in which high-speed actuation is possible. For each regime, we derive a timescale that describes the influence of geometry, materials system, and applied external loads on the actuation speed. We also derive a model to study the dynamic behavior of Peano-HASEL actuators in both regimes. Although this analysis focuses on the Peano-HASEL actuator, the presented results may readily be generalized to other electrohydraulic actuators. When designed to operate in the inertial regime, electrohydraulic actuators will enable bio-inspired robots with unprecedented speeds of motion.
Thermal desorption spectroscopy evaluation of hydrogen-induced damage and deformation-induced defects
Authors: Laureys Aurélie , Claeys Lisa , Pinson Margot , Depover Tom , Verbeken Kim
Published: June 2020

Thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) was performed on ultra-low carbon (ULC) steel with various degrees of hydrogen-induced damage and deformation-induced defects. First, the extent to which hydrogen-induced damage manifests itself in TDS measurements was evaluated. Application of multiple test conditions on cold deformed ULC steel with and without the presence of hydrogen-induced damage showed that such damage did not appear as a hydrogen signal on the TDS spectra. Second, interesting features observed on the TDS spectra of cold deformed ULC steel were further investigated by assessing the TDS spectra of recrystallised and annealed ULC steel. As such, the four peaks in the TDS spectra were linked to microstructural features: interstitial lattice positions, grain boundaries, dislocations and microvoids.
Halal Risk Analysis at Indonesia Slaughterhouses Using the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) and House of Risk (HOR) Methods
Authors: Wahyuni D , Nasution A H , Budiman I , Arfidhila N
Published: June 2020

The Halal supply chain is one of the most important factors for Muslim because the product to be consumed must be halal, from the source to the end consumers. This research was conducted at several feedlots (fattening cattle), slaughterhouses (RPH), and traditional markets in the city of Medan and surrounding areas. In this study identified all activities in the slaughterhouse, activity mapping, determination of risk events, risk agents, and Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) calculations in the red meat supply chain with the adoption of the SCOR model namely plan, source, make, deliver, and return and HOR (House of Risk). The results showed that there were 19 activities (sub-processes), 28 risk events and 28 risk agents. The selected risk agents based on the five highest ARP values are less cleaned floor after slaughtering (Ag17), the accumulation of blood into clots (Ag20), lack of machine maintenance management (Ag2), too many cattle to be slaughtered (Ag3), and increased consumer demand (Ag1). Knowing the risks and causes of risks will facilitate handling so that supply chain performance can be improved. It is necessary to study appropriate risk mitigation actions so that risk events can be reduced.
Distribution improvement in achieving customer satisfaction
Authors: Sembiring N , Tarigan U , Tiana Y W , Nasution M A
Published: June 2020

A good distribution can be used to achieve various goals ranging from supply chain gain low cost until it gets a response to high customer satisfaction. In addition to the above issues, transport routes is a constraint that cannot be allowed. Without a good transportation system, logistics could not bring the full benefit for the company. In addition, a good transportation system in logistics activities could provide logistical efficiency, reduce operating costs, and improve service quality by using Distribution Requirement Planning Method.
Network Distribution in Processing Customer Order
Authors: Sembiring N , Sinaga T S , Nasution M A.
Published: June 2020

In shipping goods, companies must have a basis for scheduling and determining routes correctly, thus speeding up product delivery times and saving product shipping costs. There are so many routes that companies can choose in distributing their products, and require different costs, for that the company need a method that can analyze product distribution in order to minimize the time, distance and cost. Transportation provides geographical benefits to logistics systems by connecting facilities with markets.
Evaluation of Proximate Composition and Color of Rabbit Feed with Combinations Moringa Leaves Flour and Guava Leaves Flour
Authors: Siregar G A W , Mirwandhono R E , Patriani P , Ginting N
Published: June 2020

This study aims to analyze the proximate composition and color of the rabbit feed. This research method uses a kinetic method that starts with drying, mixing ingredients and pelleting. The next step is to analyze rabbit feed in combination (0:0; 0:15; 5:10; 10: 5; 15: 0)% moringa leaves flour and guava leaves flour. The research parameters observed included: the determination of protein, crude fiber, crude fat, water, ash, calcium, and phosphorus. This research uses a completely randomized design. The results showed that the combination of moringa leaves flour and guava leaves flour affected the proximate composition and color of rabbit pellets. The combination (5:10)% of moringa leaves flour and guava leaves flour has the best proximate composition and dark chocolate colour.
Design, Build, and Aanalytical Simulation of Carbon Monoxide Gas Emission Measuring Instrument Based on Smartphone with Linear Regression Approach
Authors: Hakim L , Siahaan D A S
Published: June 2020

To find out the level of carbon monoxide gas emission in motor vehicles, we need a tool that can measure these conditions. So in this study made a measuring tool for carbon monoxide gas emission levels in motor vehicles. This measurement tool uses the TGS 2442 sensor. While Arduino Uno as a microcontroller and signal processor, and Android smartphone as a data viewer. Based on the sensor testing obtained, the graphs obtained linear equations when measuring carbon monoxide levels in BK 6776 PAN cars y_reg = 38.436-0.0641x with standard deviation values (δ) = 10.816, uncertainty values of measurement results (UA_1) = 6.245 and uncertainty values regression approach UA_2 = 1.02 and on vehicles with BK 6281 AAG y_reg = -3371 + 1.03x with a standard deviation value (δ) = 157.25, the uncertainty value of the measurement results (UA_1) = 90.788 and the uncertainty value of the UA_2 regression approach = 28185.05 and on vehicles BK 3181 MAM y_reg = -24.48 + 0.001x with a standard deviation value (δ) = 99.168, the uncertainty value of the measurement results (UA_1) = 57.255 and the uncertainty value of the regression approach UA_2 = 3824.05. Retrieval of data on the measuring instrument that the standard deviation value at 10 seconds is 2375.32, at 12 seconds is 3318.42, and at 15 seconds is 2639,813. The measurement uncertainty value at 10 seconds is 1371.39, at 12 seconds is 1915.89 and at 15 seconds is 1524.1
Reproduction biology of Baung Suat fish (Hemibagrus caveatus) in the downstream of Batangtoru river
Authors: Desrita  , Muhtadi A , Leidonald R
Published: June 2020

Baung Suat fish (Hemibagrus caveatus) become the newest species in North Sumatera. H. caveatus were collected in Batangtoru downstream. This species has a special mark, specifically a horizontal and vertical strip both on the left and right of the body of this species. The research has been done at Batangtoru downstream, North Sumatera in July 2019. The total amount of this captured fish was53 fish with 170 mm to 394 mm in total length (TL). The value of constant b obtained from the relationship length weight of H. caveatus fish was 3.09 which makes H. caveatus are positive allometric. Condition Factor values obtained based on the relation of body length and weight about 0,8098 – 1,3527. Sex ratio between male and female are 1,41. The male of H. caveatus are at the Gonado Maturity Level (GML) I, II, III, and IV, while the female at GML III and IV. Gonado Maturity Index (GMI) of H. caveatus at 2,46 – 13,07 %. The first size maturity of gonad begins to appear in 291,27 mm length for the male and 303,32 mm length for the female.
Starch Based Adhesives Made From Durian Seed Through Dextrinization
Authors: Nuryawan A , Ridwansyah  , Mulya Alamsyah E , Widyorini R
Published: June 2020

In order to utilize durian seeds waste, production of wood adhesive made from them was carried out. Method of dextrinization was applied and characterizations of the adhesive’s properties were evaluated, namely specific gravity, viscosity, gel time, pH, clarity, color, and microscopic description including the particle’s size of the adhesives. The properties were compared to other starch based adhesives, such as sago and tapioca. For further utilization as wood adhesive, application for particleboard binder was investigated. Parameter of internal bonding of the board then was evaluated. Result of this work showed fundamental properties of dextrin adhesive made of durian seed were similar with sago and tapioca’s dextrin excluding the colour. Values of internal bonding of particleboard were varied that indicated many factors affected the quality of particleboard for instance the distribution of the adhesive.
Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Product (NTFP) To Households Income In South Tapanuli Regency Indonesia
Authors: Latifah S , Lubis N A , Fachrudin K A , Purwoko A
Published: June 2020

Non-timber forest product (NTFPs) that provide species are a substantial component of the agroforestry system in southern Tapanuli and contribute to local livelihoods. The aim of our study was to measure the annual economic contribution of NTFPs to local livelihoods. NTFPs such as Theobroma cacao L. Areca catechu, Archidendron pauciflorum, Aleurites moluccana (candlenut), Hevea braziliensis, Arenga pinnata, Cinnamomum sp are mostly collected from natural habit.The study site has contribution value for the utilization of non-timber forest products is 53.04% and provided a moderate increase in income to the people of Marancar Godang Village. The total contribution of NTFPs to annual household income was 2,441,416,000.00 IDR/year/households.
Entrepreneurship factor’s affecting the youth decision to continue their family farm
Authors: Ayu S F , Nauly M
Published: June 2020

The entrepreneurial spirit that gives birth to an interest in entrepreneurship is very important to be recognized. In-depth analysis of the characteristics of entrepreneurs will make it easier to find the teaching patterns needed to give birth to young entrepreneurs who continue farming. Thus, this study wants to analyze the factors of entrepreneurship that affect the interests of the children of farmers who are studying in agricultural colleges to continue farming owned by their parents. This study is a survey study using quantitative data. The location of the study was conducted in Indonesia. The study sample is expected to reach 200 respondents. Data analysis uses logistic regression. The risk taking, organizing, leading and hard work variables significantly influence the decision to engage in or not interested in continuing farming. The other three variables are exploiting opportunity, patient and influencing other found not to significantly influence the decision to be interested or not in continuing farming.
Stand structure and carbon storage of Bukit Lawang’s tropical rain forest of Gunung Leuser National Park
Authors: Onrizal O , Auliah N L
Published: June 2020

Deforestation and forest degradation are the main contributors to climate change. Changes in the structure and composition of forests affect the value of biomass and carbon storages. Bukit Lawang’s tropical rainforest of Gunung Leuser National Park which has great potential is not only a habitat for key species, namely the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) but also has other biodiversity values. This study aimed to determine the vegetation structure and to estimate the value of standing carbon storage of the forest. The vegetation structure was analyzed by the line transect method and the estimation of biomass and carbon storage values was carried out using an allometric model. Distribution of diameter classes is dominated by trees in the 30-50 cm diameter class, with B strata dominated by Aglaia tomentosa tree species. The value of standing biomass is 523.2-562.2 t/ha, carbon storage is 261.6-281.1 t C/ha and the amount of CO2 gas absorbed is 960.0-1,031.6 t CO2/ha. The results indicate that it is necessary to do better forest management ecosystems in Bukit Lawang to improve and maintain the ecological and economic functions of these ecosystems in order to support the implementation of REDD + in efforts to mitigate climate change in Indonesia.
Analysis Skin Temperature Distribution of Thermal Manikin
Authors: Huda L N , Indra  , Sentosa W , Willyanto
Published: June 2020

Thermal Manikin is a human model designed for research and development in outdoor and indoor, military, and clothing environmental experiments. This research aimed to analyze the skin temperature distribution from Thermal Manikin. This study used Thermal Manikin which functions as a representative of the human body where the surface temperature of the body Thermal Manikin is made close to the surface temperature of the human body. The temperature of the Manikin Thermal skin was made constant at 34°C ± 1°C under stable room temperature conditions. Experiment was carried out with various air temperature conditions from 26°C to 32°C. Skin temperature measurements carried out on 24 body parts of Thermal Manikin for 90 minutes at 1-minute intervals. The measurement results obtained was then compared and analyzed at various air temperature conditions. The results of the analysis showed that the temperature of the skin in each part of the body’s thermal Manikin was evenly distributed in each part of the body and the temperature of the body’s skin thermal Manikin increases with the increasing air temperature around thermal Manikin.
Sandy Debris Flow Sedimentary Characteristics and Patterns in the Meishan Formation of Northern Lingshui Sag, Qiongdongnan Basin
Authors: Li Anqi , Yang Xibing , Fan Caiwei , Ye Qi , Wang Zhenzhen , Li Ming
Published: June 2020

Based on drilling core descriptions and micro sedimentary features, combined with regional paleogeographic features, imaging logging and 3D seismic attribute analysis, the sedimentary characteristics and representative identification mark of sand debris flow sandstone in Meishan formation of northern Lingshui Sag, Qiongdongnan basin are discussed in detail, and the sand debris flow sedimentary pattern in the study area is established. Meishan formation sandy debris flow sandstone in the study area is mainly consist of 2 lithological associations, thick massive siltstone to very fine sandstone without sedimentary structure on the upper part and silty mudstone, mudstone and siltstone interbeds with abundant contemporaneous deformation structure on the lower part, and the “mud-encased sand” structure in massive sandstone can be used as an important symbolic evidence to identify the sand debris flow deposits. The distribution of sandy debris flow sandstone is controlled by shelf slope break, and the area with relatively gentle, constructive slope, where the slope break line is characterized by “bulge” form to the sea, is the most favorable area for the development of sandy debris flow sandstone reservoirs.
Analysis of Pollutant Emission Characteristics of Marine Diesel Engine Using Chemical Kinetics under the Background of Energy Shortage
Authors: Sun Changfei , Hui Jie
Published: June 2020

The study aims to reduce the environmental pollutants produced in the ship transportation in the environment of energy shortage, and realize the comprehensive development of energy saving and emission reduction. Based on the theoretical basis of chemical kinetics, a new type of NOx emission generation model of marine diesel engine was proposed according to the traditional HB model. Second, the combustion chemical kinetics of sulfide was described, on which the sulfide generation and emission model of marine diesel engine was proposed. Third, the characteristics of NO, N2O and SO2 were analyzed according to the emission model of NOx and sulfide generation in marine diesel engine. The results showed that when the crankshaft angle was 230° and 250°CA, the content of NO and N2O in the exhaust pipe of diesel engine had an obvious peak. The content of NO and N2O in the cylinder and exhaust pipe of diesel engine increased at the beginning. As the crankshaft angle increased, the content of both decreased gradually, and the trend of change in the cylinder was slower than that in the exhaust pipe. The SO2 content in the diesel cylinder kept stable after a small increase until it disappeared. The SO2 content in the exhaust pipe first increased and then decreased. When the crankshaft angle was 230°CA, the SO2 content in the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine had an obvious peak. The emission characteristics of nitrogen oxide and sulfide were consistent with the correct change trend, which conformed to the theoretical mechanism. In a word, the study provides a practical basis for energy conservation and emission reduction, development of low-carbon economy, and efficient use of energy.
Exploring solutions to assist finger rehabilitation with flexibility
Authors: He Jihe
Published: June 2020

Motivated by the need to help those people whose hands and fingers are incapacitated due to injuries or birth defects, the curved-type pneumatic artificial rubber muscle is discussed in this paper, which is shown to be more flexible and convient than traditional motor-driven soft robotic devices for hand rehabilitation and assistance if designed correctly. When people are injured, their finger joints become stiff and not be able to fully flex. Thus, an assisting device is needed. Machine-based hand exoskeleton for rehabilitation uses hardware and hard components, which carries the risk of furthering the injuries when the exoskeleton breaks or exceeds its driving capacity. In comparison, air-pneumatics driven hand rehabilitation device composed of flexible air muscle not only curves smoother, but also weighs lighter and can be designed as a carry-on, providing safety, utility, and comfortability. Several experiments and researches were run to determine the best structure and air-pressure to suit such purposes. Instead of the traditional button-pressing panel, Neuron-Muscular Transmission (NMT) - a detectable chemical signal - is used to activate the inflation and deflation of the device, therefore making the device thought-driven. In the end, Flexible Pneumatic System (FPS) is created to improve hand rehabilitation and supportive exoskeleton devices.
Cycle Life Prediction of Lithium Batteries Based on Generalized Regression Network with Improved PSO
Authors: Xiao Yao , Wu Mengqiang , Xu Ziqiang , Li Yuanxun
Published: June 2020

To predict the cycle life of lithium-ion batteries more accurately, an improved PSO algorithm and a generalized regression neural network (GRNN) combined with the cycle life prediction method of lithium ion battery are proposed. Based on the simulation and actual prediction data, the results show that the established model has higher prediction accuracy than GRNN, which is of great significance for solving the life prediction accuracy of lithium iron phosphate battery.
Green Development Evaluation System of Tuojiang River Basin
Authors: Xian Jin , Feng Yuan , Li Lin , Li Yulian , Wen Xiaoyuan , Zhou Ying
Published: June 2020

This paper analyzes the green development level of five key cities in the Tuojiang River Basin, which are Zigong, Luzhou, Deyang, Neijiang and Ziyang. Through relevant literature analysis method and data query method, the green development evaluation system indicators are integrated with the economic-social-natural-resource system. On this basis, we choose a variety of representative indicators for comparison, and sum up the green development indicator system which is suitable for the Tuojiang River Basin. The evaluation model is established by the method of grey correlation analysis, and the model is applied to the analysis of correlation degree. Finally, based on the calculation results, the paper put forward opinions and suggestions for the green development of the Tuojiang River Basin.
Studies on Catalyst Activity Based on Organic Wastewater Treaded by Homogeneous CWAO Method
Authors: Zhang Yongxun
Published: June 2020

High concentration organic waste-water was treated with nine homogeneous catalysts, such as Cu(NO3)2, CuSO4, Fe(NO3)3, using the pH and decolorization rate of the treated effluent as the evaluation index. The results show that the order of catalytic effect from high to low is as follows: Cu(NO3)2> CuSO4> Fe(NO3)3> Fe2(SO4)3> Co(NO3)2> Cr(NO3)3> Ni(NO3)2> AgNO3> Zr(NO3)4. The most effective Cu(NO3)2·3H2O catalyst, the absorbance of the treated waste-water decreased from 2.465 to 0.283, and the decolorization rate reached 88.5%, which was 28.1% higher than that of the water sample without the catalyst under the same operating conditions. The pH of the treated effluent was also similarly lower than that of other homogeneous catalysts.