bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of a v b 3 integrin impairs adhesion and uptake of tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles
Authors: Altei Wanessa , Pachane Bianca , Santos Patty K. , Ribeiro Ligia , Sung Bong Hwan , Weaver Alissa , de Araújo Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre
Published: March 2020

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bound particles that are naturally released from cells and mediate cell-cell communication. Integrin adhesion receptors are enriched in small EVs (SEVs) and SEV-carried integrins have been shown to promote cancer cell migration and to mediate organ-specific metastasis; however, how integrins mediate these effects is not entirely clear and could represent a combination of EV binding to extracellular matrix and cells.Methods: To probe integrin role in EVs binding and uptake, we employed a disintegrin inhibitor (DisBa-01) of integrin binding with specificity for avb3 integrin. EVs were purified from MDA-MB-231 cells conditioned media by serial centrifugation method. Isolated EVs were characterized by different techniques and further employed in adhesion, uptake and co-culture experiments.Results: We find that SEVs secreted from MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells carry avb3 integrin and bind directly to fibronectin-coated plates, which is inhibited by DisBa-01. SEV coating on tissue culture plates also induces adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells, which is inhibited by DisBa-01 treatment. Analysis of EV uptake and interchange between cells reveals that the amount of CD63-positive EVs delivered from malignant MDA-MB-231 breast cells to non-malignant MCF10A breast epithelial cells is reduced by DisBa-01 treatment. Inhibition of avb3 integrin decreases CD63 expression in cancer cells suggesting an effect on SEV content.Conclusion: In summary, our findings demonstrate for the first time a key role of avb3 integrin in cell-cell communication through SEVs.
The Role of p53-induced miR-145a in Senescence and Osteogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Xia Chao , Jiang Tianyuan , Wang Yonghui , Chen Xiaoting , Hu Yan , Gao Yanhong
Published: March 2020

Background: The osteogenic differentiation capacity of senescent bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is diminished. However, little is known about the mechanisms. p53 not only regulates cellular senescence but also, as a negative regulator, is involved in bone formation. This study investigated the molecular mechanism of p53 in cellular senescence and osteogenesis.Methods: The expression of p53 and its downstream gene p21 were measured during cellular senescence and osteogenesis differentiation of primary bone marrow MSCs. Then miR-145a was picked out from those p53-induced miRNAs as its expression change in bone marrow MSCs senescence and osteogenesis induced by H2O2 and BMP-9, respectively. The function of p53 induced miR-145a was analyzed by transfected with miRNA mimic in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Western blot and luciferase reporter assay were used for validating the target of miR-145a. Results: p53, its downstream effector p21, and p53-induced miR-145a were significantly upregulated during primary MSCs senescence and osteogenesis. Overexpression of miR-145a promoted cellular senescence and inhibited osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. p53-induced miR-145a inhibited osteogenic differentiation by targeting core binding factor beta (Cbfb), and the restoration of Cbfb expression rescued the inhibitory effects of miRNA-145a on osteogenesis.Conclusions: p53-induced miR-145a functions both in promoting senescence and inhibiting osteogenesis of MSCs, and the novel pathway p53/miR-145a/Cbfb in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs may represent new targets in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Shared genetic background between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and risk for Alzheimer’s disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Kim Soyeon , Kim Kiwon , Nho Kwangsik , Myung Woojae , Won Hong-Hee
Published: March 2020

Background: Whether the epidemiological association of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau pathology with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is causal remains unclear. Recent failures to demonstrate the efficacy of several Aβ-modifying drugs may indicate a possibility that the observed association is not causal, which led to efforts to develop tau-directed treatments whose efficacy remains tentative. Methods: Herein, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomisation analysis to investigate shared genetic background between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for amyloid and tau pathology and risk for AD, and to find genetic evidence for causal association between these CSF biomarkers and risk for AD. We used summary statistics of genome-wide association study (GWAS) for CSF biomarkers (Aβ 1-42 , phosphorylated tau 181 [p-tau], and total tau [t-tau]) in 3,146 individuals and for late-onset AD (LOAD) in 21,982 LOAD cases and 41,944 cognitively-normal controls. We tested association between changes in the genetically-predicted CSF biomarkers and LOAD risk. Results: We found a decrease in the LOAD risk per one-standard deviation (SD) increase in the genetically-predicted CSF Aβ (odds ratio [OR], 2.87×10 -3 for AD; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54×10 -4 –0.05; p = 8.91×10 -5 ). Conversely, we observed an increase in the LOAD risk per one-SD increase in the genetically-predicted CSF p-tau (OR, 19.46; 95% CI, 1.50–2.52×10 2 ; p = 0.02) and t-tau (OR, 33.80; 95% CI, 1.57–7.29×10 2 ; p = 0.02). Conclusions: Our findings suggest a shared genetic background between the CSF biomarkers and LOAD risk. Although it requires validation by future studies including more genetic variants identified in large-scale GWASs for CSF biomarkers, our results suggest a causal association between CSF biomarkers and risk for LOAD Keywords: CSF biomarkers, Amyloid, Tau, Alzheimer’s disease
The effect of socioeconomic status on informal caregiving intensity of adult females for parents: Evidence from a national study in China
Authors: Wang Yi , Li Jiajia , Ding Lulu , Feng Yuejing , Tang Xue , Sun Long , Zhou Chengchao
Published: March 2020

Background Few studies explored the effect of SES of caregivers on informal caregiving in China, especially from a female perspective. The purpose of this study was to empirically examine how the SES of female caregivers affects the amount of informal care they provide for parents in China. Methods The data used in this study was derived from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Informal caregivers were divided into three categories: non-caregivers (0 hrs/week), low-intensity caregivers (less than 10 hrs/week), and high-intensity caregivers (more than 10 hrs/week). Chi-square tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the SES of the women between non-, low-, and high-intensity caregivers. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to calculate relative risk ratios (RRR) for various SES variables to assess the relation of SES on the likelihood of a low- and high-intensity caregiving in the household, adjusting for age, marital status, family characteristics and wave. Results Of the 2741 respondents, high-intensity and low-intensity caregivers accounted for 16.42% and 21.38% respectively. Multinomial logistic regression results found that the likelihood of being a high-intensity caregiver vs. a non-caregivers increased as the caregiver’s education attainment increased. Urban females were 1.34 times more likely than their rural counterparts to provide low-intensity care vs. no care ( p <0.05) and were 1.34 times more likely to provide high-intensity care vs. no care ( p <0.05). Employed females were 1.27 times more likely than those non-employed to provide low-intensity care vs. no care ( p <0.05). Conclusions Differences in SES were found between high-intensity caregivers and low-intensity caregivers. Women with higher SES (higher education attainment, higher incomes, and urban Hukou ) were more likely to provide high-intensity informal care, and women who were employed and with urban Hukou were more likely to provide low-intensity care.
Factors Associated with the Quality of Life of Patients with Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy
Authors: Kim Jun Won , Kang Dae Hun , Bong Su hyun , Seol Ki Ho
Published: March 2020

Background: Nearly half of cancer patients have comorbidities such as adjustment disorder, major depressive disorder, and delirium. Radiotherapy can cause psychological problems, e.g., the fear of treatment and its side effects, anxiety, depression, and social isolation. Determining health-related quality of life (QoL) is crucial for evaluating cancer treatment effectiveness. We analyzed the clinical, psychological, and sociodemographic factors influencing QoL in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.Methods: Twenty-six patients undergoing radiotherapy (10 male, 16 female) were included. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected prior to radiotherapy. Psychosocial factors were assessed by self-reported questionnaires before, immediately after, and 3 months after radiotherapy. Multiple regression analysis identified factors affecting QoL at each time point.Results: Patients’ diagnoses were breast, cervical, prostate, endometrial, rectal, hypopharyngeal, laryngeal, liver, gallbladder, esophageal, ovarian, lung, and skin cancers. Before radiotherapy, better resilience was significantly associated with a higher QoL score (R2=0.199, p=0.033). Immediately after radiotherapy, financial difficulty was significantly associated with a lower QoL score (R2=0.274, p=0.010). Three months after radiotherapy, the presence of chronic disease (R2=0.398, p=0.002) and the severity of nausea and vomiting were significantly associated with a lower QoL score (R2=0.278, p=0.014).Conclusions: Resilience, financial difficulty, the presence of chronic diseases, and the severity of nausea and vomiting significantly influenced QoL in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Factors affecting QoL varied at each time point. Thus, cancer patients should undergo regular mental health assessments, including QoL. Multidimensional (physical, psychological, and social) approaches and individualized time-based interventions are needed to improve the QoL of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.
Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Activities of Rhizopogon roseolus (Corda) Th.Fr. Extracts
Authors: AYTAR Erdi Can , ÖZMEN Ali
Published: March 2020

Many species of mushrooms have been used since ancient times, especially in Asian countries, as a food supplement and in the medical field due to their different biological activities. Nowadays, especially in Japan, Korea and China, various mushroom extracts have been used as potential additives in chemotherapy and radiation treatments. In this study, anticancer activity and apoptotic effect of Rhizopogon roseolus were investigated. The methanol and water extracts of mushroom were tested against HL- 60 human cancer cell line. Antiproliferative effects of the extracts were evaluated by using MTT method and apoptosis and necrosis ratios of the cells treated with extracts were determined by using Hoechst/Propidium iodide (HO/PI) staining method. According to obtained data, antiprolifarative effect of the methanol extract was higher than water extract and this effect was a concentration depending manner. Both of the extracts were shown higher apoptotic effect than necrotic effect on the HL-60 cell line.
AS FERRAMENTAS DE GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO COMO VANTAGENS APLICADAS ÀS STARTUPS BRASILEIRAS DE BASE TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Lima Paulo Ricardo Silva , Santa Rita Luciana Peixoto
Published: March 2020

A evolução tecnológica observada nas últimas décadas proporcionou uma mudança radical na forma em que as empresas se organizam quando comparado com os modelos organizacionais desenvolvidos no século XX. Neste sentido, o conhecimento passou a ser elemento capaz de agregar valor para as novas organizações que se desenvolvem em ambientes de incertezas em relação ao sucesso, denominadas startups. Diante do exposto, esses empreendimentos digitais buscam continuamente aplicar ferramentas para gerenciar os conhecimentos implícitos e explícitos para alcançar maiores vantagens em relação às organizações concorrentes. Destarte, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar as vantagens de quatro ferramentas de gestão, a saber: redes sociais, chats, podcasts e videocasts, nas startups nacionais Cittamobi, DeÔnibus e Easy Taxi. Quando são desenvolvidas e implementadas as ferramentas de gestão do conhecimento nas startups, é possível uma maior aproximação com os usuários, melhor alcance de disseminação dos produtos e serviços ofertados, e consequentemente cativação de novos públicos.Palavras-chave: Gestão do conhecimento. Ferramentas. Startups. Tecnologia.
ANÁLISE DAS DIRETRIZES ESTRATÉGICAS USADAS PARA INCORPORAR A RESILIÊNCIA NOS PROCESSOS ORGANIZACIONAIS
Authors: Ferreira Eliane Duarte , Nunes Fabiano Pamato , Santos Neri dos
Published: March 2020

A capacidade das organizações para lidar com incertezas ambientais, ameaças, crises e acontecimentos inesperados depende da sua capacidade de resiliência. Este estudo analisa as diretrizes estratégicas usadas para incorporar  resiliência em processos organizacionais. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, nas bases de dados Scopus, Web of Science e Scielo, nos últimos 5 anos com os descritores Resilience AND “knowledge management"; "organizational resilience” AND "knowledge management"; "organizational resilience”  AND “organizational processes" foi realizada uma análise qualitativa dos 10 artigos considerados mais relevantes na pesquisa. Como resposta percebeu-se que as diretrizes variam conforme a expertise da organização e o seu propósito comercial, porém elementos como “fortalecer foco organizacional em estratégias de resposta”, “equilíbrio entre planejar e improvisar processos”, “estratégias da gestão do conhecimento em práticas de gestão de risco”, “capacidade de antecipação”, “adaptabilidade”, “troca de informação”, “compartilhamento do conhecimento”, “eficiência”, “eficácia” e “aprendizagem organizacional” são algumas diretrizes que precisam ser consideradas.Palavras-chave: Resiliência organizacional. Processos organizacionais. Gestão do Conhecimento.
GESTÃO DO TRABALHO E O USO DE TICS: um estudo de caso da implantação ERP CIGAM na gestão de serviços de sistemas de informação
Authors: De Moraes Oliveira Nicolas Marcos , Da Gama Laurentino William , Serpa Castor Emiliano Carlos , De Gouvêa Dantas Motta Ana Carolina
Published: March 2020

Com o crescimento do segmento de serviços, as organizações têm se preocupado com o desenvolvimento de processos e mecanismos de controle capazes de gerenciar a forma de prestação de serviços aos seus clientes. Neste cenário, aplicam-se modelos e padrões como a metodologia ITIL® e políticas de CRM que norteiam as boas práticas, em diferentes tipos de organizações, capazes de gerenciar e controlar de maneira eficiente os serviços prestados e gerir a relação que a organização mantém com seus clientes. Esta pesquisa se debruçou sobre o processo de implantação do módulo de gestão de serviços de uma ferramenta ERP, englobando as metodologias referidas e possibilitando a interação com outras áreas de negócio relacionadas.Palavras-chave: Gestão do Trabalho. Gestão de Serviços. ITIL®. CRM. ERP.
EXPEDIENTE
Authors: Lima Clovis Ricardo Montenegro de
Published: March 2020

Expediente
APROPRIAÇÃO E GESTÃO DA INFORMAÇÃO COMO ESTRATÉGIAS DE INOVAÇÃO: análise a partir de perfis de empresas startups
Authors: Ferreira João Rodrigo Santos , Lima Paulo Ricardo Silva , Santa Rita Luciana Peixoto , Bittencourt Ibsen Mateus , Souza Edivanio Duarte de
Published: March 2020

O processo de globalização atrelado ao avanço tecnológico e à popularização de novas ferramentas de informação e comunicação provocou mudanças no contexto socioeconômico. O conhecimento passou a assumir papel fundamental nos processos inovadores organizacionais. A apropriação e a gestão de dados e informações de tornaram-se essenciais na definição de estratégias de inovação. O presente artigo visa abordar a apropriação e a gestão da informação como estratégias de inovação a partir de perfis de empresas startups. A pesquisa de campo, com caráter descritivo e abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, foi realizada junto a vinte e seis startups, que participaram do Demoday, realizado no período de 26 a 28 de junho de 2019, na cidade de Maceió, no Estado de Alagoas. Essas empresas se caracterizam pela atuação em diferentes segmentos, pelo atendimento a diferentes públicos-alvo e pelos diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento. Os achados científicos revelam que as startups buscam, a partir da apropriação e gestão de informações, alcançar os diferentes segmentos de mercado, estabelecer relação com o seu público-alvo e manter contínuo desenvolvimento. Considera-se que o acesso a dados e informações oportuniza aos empreendedores melhorar seus negócios e desenvolver produtos e serviços que atendam às necessidades de seu público.Palavras-chave: Apropriação da informação. Inovação organizacional. Startups.
MODELOS DE PROCESSOS DE INOVAÇÃO: uma análise bibliométrica de 1998 a 2018
Authors: Eckert Alex , Corso Rodrigo Luiz , Miri Daniel Hank
Published: March 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar uma pesquisa bibliométrica sobre o tema modelos de processo de inovação e de que forma este tema contribui para a pesquisa acadêmica. A pesquisa foi realizada baseando-se nos artigos disponíveis nos metabuscadores Scopus e Web of Science. Como procedimentos metodológicos, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliométrica. Como principais resultados, verificou-se que na Scopus, os periódicos “European Journal Of Innovation Management” e “Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems” possuem a maior quantidade de artigos. Já a Web of Science possui um número menor de publicações. Sobre a quantidade de artigos publicados por ano, na Scopus em 2013 e 2015 foram os anos com mais publicações e n Web of Science em 2016 foi o ano com mais publicações. O estudo aponta ainda que o tema analisado não obteve um número expressivo de publicações, porém as revistas que publicaram possuem elevado fator de impacto.Palavras-chave: Inovação. Modelos de processos de inovação. Bibliometria.
Antik Yunan’da Mitos-Logos İlişkisi: Thales’in Arkhe Sorununa Bakışının Mitos Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Yanık Musa
Published: March 2020

Mitos ve Logos kavramları Antik Yunan uygarlığında söz kavramına karşılık gelen sözcükleri karşılamak için kullanılmıştır. Felsefe tarihinin başlangıcı için yapılan tanımlamalarda ise mitos kavramının yerine logos kavramının tercih edilmesi iki kavram arasında bir farklılığı ortaya koymak için yapılmaktadır. Bu ayrımın nedeni ise mitos’un daha çok dinsel içerikle anılması logos’un ise içerisinde bir tür akılsallık barındırması şeklindeki yorumlarda kendini göstermektedir. Ancak söz konusu ayrımın ilk doğa filozofu/ilk felsefeci olarak nitelendirilen Thales için geçerli olup olmadığı geçmişte olduğu gibi günümüzde de halen tartışılmaktadır. Felsefe tarihi yazımlarında ilk sıraya konan Thales’in anılan kavramları gerçekten farklı şekilde yorumlayıp yorumlamadığı bizce de tartışmaya açık bir husustur. Bu açıdan bakıldığında Thales, söz konusu kavramları iki farklı problemler alanı olarak mı görmüştür? Onun düşüncelerinde kendinden önceki mitolojik mirasın izleri bulunabilir mi? O, katışıksız bir rasyonel midir, yoksa henüz felsefenin yeni filizlendiği bir toplumda bir ara basamağı mı temsil etmektedir? Bu makalenin içerisinde tartışacağımız bu sorular, felsefe tarihinin başlangıcına ilişkin kavramsal arka planın ne olduğu hakkında bize katkı sağlayacaktır.
Identifying Lung Cancer Risk Factors in the Elderly Using Deep Neural Networks: Quantitative Analysis of Web-Based Survey Data
Authors: Chen Songjing , Wu Sizhu
Published: March 2020

Background

Lung cancer is one of the most dangerous malignant tumors, with the fastest-growing morbidity and mortality, especially in the elderly. With a rapid growth of the elderly population in recent years, lung cancer prevention and control are increasingly of fundamental importance, but are complicated by the fact that the pathogenesis of lung cancer is a complex process involving a variety of risk factors.

Objective

This study aimed at identifying key risk factors of lung cancer incidence in the elderly and quantitatively analyzing these risk factors’ degree of influence using a deep learning method.

Methods

Based on Web-based survey data, we integrated multidisciplinary risk factors, including behavioral risk factors, disease history factors, environmental factors, and demographic factors, and then preprocessed these integrated data. We trained deep neural network models in a stratified elderly population. We then extracted risk factors of lung cancer in the elderly and conducted quantitative analyses of the degree of influence using the deep neural network models.

Results

The proposed model quantitatively identified risk factors based on 235,673 adults. The proposed deep neural network models of 4 groups (age ≥65 years, women ≥65 years old, men ≥65 years old, and the whole population) achieved good performance in identifying lung cancer risk factors, with accuracy ranging from 0.927 (95% CI 0.223-0.525; P=.002) to 0.962 (95% CI 0.530-0.751; P=.002) and the area under curve ranging from 0.913 (95% CI 0.564-0.803) to 0.931(95% CI 0.499-0.593). Smoking frequency was the leading risk factor for lung cancer in men 65 years and older. Time since quitting and smoking at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime were the main risk factors for lung cancer in women 65 years and older. Men 65 years and older had the highest lung cancer incidence among the stratified groups, particularly non–small cell lung cancer incidence. Lung cancer incidence decreased more obviously in men than in women with smoking rate decline.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated a quantitative method to identify risk factors of lung cancer in the elderly. The proposed models provided intervention indicators to prevent lung cancer, especially in older men. This approach might be used as a risk factor identification tool to apply in other cancers and help physicians make decisions on cancer prevention.
Politeness in Anggoro Ihank’s "Pak Guru Inyong" Comic
Authors: Artha Ni Putu Venia Marelda , Muliana I Nyoman , Kasni Ni Wayan
Published: March 2020

This research aims to explore the accomplishment of politeness principles and the violation on the politeness principles in “Pak Guru Inyong” comic. This research was carried out using qualitative type of research. The data were collected by reading and taking notes from a 40 episode of the comic texts written by Anggoro Ihank and uploded in a Webstoon Aplication. The application was reached in Line application via android. The data were analyzed by using the theory of general strategy of politeness by Leech. The results of the analysis show that there are ten general strategies of politeness accomplished by the characters in the comic: generosity maxim, tact maxim, approbation maxim, and modesty maxim, obligation S to O maxim, obligation O to S maxim, agreement maxim, opinion maxim, sympathy maxim and feeling reticence maxim. There are five maxims violated by Pak Inyong, such as the maxims of generosity, approbation, modesty, agreement, feeling reticence.
AN OVERVIEW OF ANALYTICAL METHOD VALIDATION
Authors: BESKAN Umut , YILDIRIM Sümeyra TUNA , YAPAR Evren ALGIN
Published: March 2020

In line with the developments in the pharmaceutical field, the product range is constantly being renewed and diversified. New analytical techniques need to be developed and validated for new pharmaceutical products. The validation of an improved method is an internationally recognized scientific requirement, as these validation practices are also indicative of the competence of the analytical laboratory. The method development is a process that ensures the applicability and reliability of the data. The result is a more comprehensive understanding of the standard test methods and a further insight into the connection between test methodology and product quality. It is important to validate an advanced method. Because if the method can not be reproduced, the method is meaningless. Validation is  a continuous balance among costs, risks and technical possibilities.
Peer Review History:
Received 5 February 2020;   Revised 22 February; Accepted 1 March, Available online 15 March 2020
UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency.
Received file

Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10
Reviewer(s) detail:
Name: Kian Navaee
Affiliation: Shahre Daru Pharmaceutical Co., Iran
E-mail: kian.navaee@chemist.com
 
Name: Dr. Mohammad Shaheen Khan
Affiliation: University Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia
E-mail: shaheenchem@gmail.com
Comments of reviewer(s):

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Authors: Pinheiro Ethel , Duarte Cristiane
Published: March 2020

This paper explores how outdoor performances actively define and create the essential character of open spaces in Brazil, a country known for its overwhelming abundance of outdoor life. We investigate the importance of open spaces within the urban fabric, and consider the ways in which the history and aspirations of the local community become meaningfully woven into these spaces. We chose an open space, or largo [3], in the city of Rio de Janeiro called Largo da Carioca, which embodies the relation between collective memory and appropriation. We then consider how the Largo has consistently been used as an arena of performance despite the intense urban changes and movement of people over the last 50 years. As a way of grasping the dynamic of the activities of the Largo da Carioca we adopted two approaches: historical-evolutive and participant observation. The first concerns the evolution of the urban space of Largo da Carioca and the background of outdoor performances as a way of introducing the popular arts of Rio de Janeiro, and as a way of connecting our theoretical analysis to the field research. In the second approach we use tools and methods from ethnographic research such as field annotations, direct interviews and visual resources, like photographs and video-shooting, so as to fulfill and complement our work. We argue that the urban essence of these performances is related to the ‘inviting’ conditions of this particular urban site and to its (in)formal structures, uses and regular activities. It invites – because of its openness, formal and social largeness and amplitude – a singular melange of uses and appropriations through which the formal and social are amalgamated – for, as one informant said, it is ‘an open space of constant comings and goings’ (Igor Ferreira, 13/07/03).
Change and contesting identities: the creation and negotiation of landscape in Donetsk
Authors: Holdsworth Julia
Published: March 2020

This discussion explores the ways that contestations over the nature and pace of change during the post-Soviet era are being enacted both in and through the urban landscapes of Donetsk, an industrial city in East Ukraine. I will examine the ways in which Donetsk has, in the past, been constructed as an essentially Russian and Soviet space. Currently there are debates and conflicts over changes being made to present and develop a more Ukrainian and Western orientation in these spaces. This paper discusses particular moments in these debates and, by doing so, explores the ways in which landscapes and identities are interconnected.
Saussurelaisen kielikäsityksen kritiikki
Authors: Laasanen Mikko
Published: March 2020

Artikkeli käsittelee saussurelaista kielikäsitystä kohtaan esitettyä kritiikkiä. Artikkelin tavoitteena on puolustaa saussurelaista kielikäsitystä ja esittää Saussure moni-puolisempana ajattelijana kuin mitä Kurssin vahvasti strukturalisesta luennasta voisi päätellä. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan käsitystä kielestä järjestelmänä (Saussuren langue), kontekstivapaata merkitystä, kirjoitetun kielen vääristymää (written language bias), Roy Harrisin kielimyyttiä sekä kielen dynaamisuutta.

Artikkelissa esitetään, että langue on sekä metodologinen että ontologinen käsite, joka viittaa sekä kielen järjestäytymättömiin sääntöihin että kielitieteilijän niistä luomaan järjestelmään. Kontekstivapaan merkityksen osalta korostetaan sitä, että jonkinlainen merkityksen pysyvyys on välttämätön osa kieltä kommunikaatiojärjestelmänä. Artikkelissa argumentoidaan kirjoitetun kielen vääristymän vahvaa muotoa vastaan, jonka mukaan esimerkiksi puheen analysoiminen diskreeteiksi yksiköiksi johtuu kirjoitetun kielen vaikutuksesta. Harrisin kielimyytin osalta esitetään, että kyse ei ole Saussuren näkemyksistä vaan Harrisin tulkinnoista. Artikkelissa esitetään myös, että dynaamisuus ei ole yhteensopimaton käsite saussurelaisen kielikäsityksen kanssa.

 

On the critique of the Saussurean concept of language: some perspectives and counter-arguments

The article deals with the critique of the Saussurean concept of language. The purpose of the article is to defend the Saussurean concept of language and to present Saussure as a more versatile thinker than may be assumed from a purely structuralist reading of Course. The article discusses the concept of language as a system (Saussure’s langue), the notion of context-free meaning, the so-called written-language bias, Roy Harris’ language myth, and the notion of dynamicity in language in relation to the Saussurean concept of language. The article begins by arguing that langue is both a methodological and an ontological concept that refers both to the unorganised rules of language and to the system of language rules as organised by the linguist. Second, the author asserts that some kind of permanence of meaning is essential to the concept of language as a communication system. Third, an argument is presented against the strong form of written-language bias, according to which, for instance, the analysis and reduction of continuous speech into discrete units is based on the model of written language. Fourth, the author posits that the language myth, developed by Harris, is not based on Saussure’s views but on Harris’ interpretation of Saussure’s views. The article ends with the contention that the notion of dynamicity is not incompatible with the Saussurean concept of language.
Suurtyö kielen kohdennusjärjestelmästä
Authors: Huumo Tuomas , Sivonen Jari
Published: March 2020

Arvioitu teos:

Leonard Talmy: The targeting system of language. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press 2017. 635 s. isbn 978-0-262-03697-9.
Keskusteluntutkijoiden kooste vuoronalkuisista partikkeleista
Authors: Raitaniemi Mia
Published: March 2020

Arvioitu teos:

John Heritage & Marja-Leena Sorjonen (toim.): Between turn and sequence. Turninitial particles across languages. Studies in Language and Social Interaction 31. Amsterdam: John Benjamins 2018. 487 s. isbn 978-90-272-0048-8.
Ukon jäljet paikoissa ja paikannimissä (tulossa)
Authors: Aalto Tiina
Published: March 2020

Tiina Aallon suomen kielen alaan kuuluva väitöskirja tarkastettiin Helsingin ylipistossa lauantaina 21. syyskuuta 2019. Vastaväittäjänä toimi FT, Suomen Akatemian tutkijatohtori Taarna Valtonen, Giellagas-instituutista Oulun yliopistosta ja kustoksena professori Terhi Ainiala.

Tiina Aalto: Ukon jäljet paikoissa ja paikannimissä: tutkimus ukko-elementin sisältävästä nimistöstä. Helsinki: Helsingin yliopisto 2019. Kirja on luettavissa Helsingin yliopiston E-thesis-palvelussa osoitteessa https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/304967.
Thermal transient finite element computation of a mixing Tee by utilizing CFD results
Authors: Saifi Qais , Cronvall Otso
Published: March 2020

Thermal distribution and fluctuation in any piping component due to turbulent mixing of flows with different temperatures vary greatly. Usually, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools are used for estimation of flows in piping components. Fatigue that results from fluctuating thermal mass flow across the components can be computed by coupling the CFD results with structural mechanics based finite element (FE) results. However, this procedure is laborious and computationally very expensive. A fluid temperature function has been developed in this paper as a function of internal wall coordinates and time by interpolating experimental or CFD results. Bicubic interpolation function has been used for accurate interpolation. Finally, a thermal transient FE analysis for an actual Tee from a nuclear power plant (NPP) was performed by using the developed fluid temperature function and interpolated CFD results.
FEM-based wear simulation for fretting contacts
Authors: Mäntylä Antti , Juoksukangas Janne , Hintikka Jouko , Frondelius Tero , Lehtovaara Arto
Published: March 2020

This article presents a robust Finite-Element-Method-based wear simulation method, particularly suitable for fretting contacts. This method utilizes the contact subroutine in a commercial finite element solver Abaqus. It is based on a user-defined contact formulation for both normal and tangential directions. For the normal contact direction, a nodal gap field is calculated by using a simple Archard's wear equation to describe the depth of material removal due to wear. The wear field is included in the contact pressure calculation to allow simulation of wear and contact stress evolution during the loading cycles. The main advantage of this approach is that all contact variables are accessible inside the routine, which allows full coupling between normal and tangential contact variables. Also, there is no need for mesh modifications during the solution. This makes the implementation flexible, robust and particularly suitable for fretting cases where friction and tangential contact stiffness play an essential role. The method is applied to the bolted joint type fretting test case. The methodology is also fully applicable to complex real component simulations.
Avoiding the high friction peak in fretting contact
Authors: Juoksukangas Janne , Hintikka Jouko , Lehtovaara Arto , Mäntylä Antti , Vaara Joona , Frondelius Tero
Published: March 2020

Fretting fatigue and wear may exist if two parts have small amplitude relative rubbing between the contacting surfaces. A peak in the coefficient of friction typically occurs during the first thousands of loading cycles in dry fretting contact with quenched and tempered steel. This peak is related to adhesive friction and wear causing non-Coulomb friction and high local contact stresses possibly leading to cracking. The focus of the study is the effect of different experimental methods on the frictional behavior of the fretting contact between the steel surfaces. The use of pre-corroded specimens and contact lubrication delayed and reduced the initial peak. However, a pre-added third body layer removed the peak completely.
Kirkkoveneen soutamisen malli
Authors: Ranta Matti , Hosia Laila
Published: March 2020

Kirkkovenesoudulle saadaan yksinkertaistettu malli yhdistämällä veneen liikeyhtälö ja airojen rotaatioyhtälö. Voima vedossa asetetaan yhtäsuureksi kuin vastus koko syklin eli vedon ja airon palautuksen aikana. Veneen matkavauhdin määrittävät veneen liikevastus ja vetojen lukumäärä minuutissa, vedon pituus sekä syklin rytmi. Soutajan kestävyys arvioidaan soutajan hapenottokyvystä.
Tuulimyllyn yksinkertainen aerodynaaminen malli
Authors: Ranta Matti
Published: March 2020

Artikkelissa johdettavan tuulimyllyn yksinkertaisen aerodynaamisen mallin mukaan kolmilapaisen tuulimyllyn tehoa määritettäessä tulee ottaa huomioon seuraavat tekijät: tuulen nopeus, lavan profiilin aerodynaamiset ominaisuudet, sakkaus ja kierrosnopeus, säädöt ja hyötysuhde.
Entrepreneurial Spirit of The Entrepreneurs and Non-Entrepreneurs Millennials
Authors: Genoveva Genoveva , Tanardi Jason
Published: March 2020

This research aims the analyze the entrepreneurial spirit of millennials both of the entrepreneur and the non-entrepreneur. The respondents of this research were the alumni of President University, as all of the alumni during their study in President University got the entrepreneurship subject as one of the university mandatory subject. Respondents data were collected by an online questionnaire, using the Google form. The valid data as much as 170 and processed with SPSS version 22.  The result of the study shows that, there are differences of   non-entrepreneur millennials and entrepreneur millennials. In correlation there is a positive and strong correlation of Passion, Innovation, Adaptability, Sustainability and Competitiveness to Performance of Entrepreneur and  Non-Entrepreneur millennials. By descriptive analysis, millennials of the Non-Entrepreneurs have a higher mean compared with the millennials who are entrepreneurs.
The Supervisor’s Support For Silence And The Organizational Commitment: The Mediating Role Of Organizational Silence Behavior
Authors: Rayan Adel R. M. , Ali Nadia A. M. , Abdel Moneim Mostafa S. K.
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was to test the relationship between supervisor support for silence and organizational commitment, as well as testing the relationship between supervisor support for silence and organizational silence behavior.  The study also aimed to identify the relationship between organizational silence behavior and organizational commitment, as well as the test of the mediation role of silence behavior in the relationship between supervisor support for silence and organizational commitment.

The study was applied to a sample of (365) employees from Assiut university in Egypt.  The current study used Brinsfield (2009) scale to measure the supervisor support for silence, and organizational silence behavior which was prepared based on several studies (Morrison & Obligation either, Melliken; 2000; Pinder & Harlos, 2001;  Vakola & Buradas, 2005) where the organizational commitment was measured by Morrow (1983).

  Data analyzed using the SPSS program Data, as well as the AMOS program to test the quality of compatibility between data collected and theoretical data, and the structural model to test the hypotheses of the study.

The study found that there is a negative relationship between the supervisor's support for silence and the organizational commitment. There is a positive correlation between supervisor support for silence and organizational silence behavior and a negative relationship between the behavior of organizational silence and organizational commitment. The study also found that the Organizational Silence behavior mediated the relationship between Supervisor’s support for silence and the Organizational Commitment.  Directions for managerial implications are recommended to Assiut University. The study ended with the limitations and avenues for future research.
Auditors’ Opinion: The Paradox of “True and Fair View” of Financial Statements
Authors: Etim Raphael S. , Jeremiah Mfon S. , Jeremiah Ofonime O.
Published: March 2020

The appropriateness of the age-old accounting phrase “true and fair view” has been questioned in recent times. This stems from the irreconcilable corporate failures of entities whose financial statements had been earlier adjudged, by audit opinion, as being “true and fair”. In the light of the increasing doubts about the truism of financial statements, the objective of this study is to examine how true and fair financial statements are, and propose an alternative concept for use in expressing audit opinion on financial statements. The desk-based approach supplemented with information from some accounting practitioners, is used and the method of analysis is explanatory in nature. The issues highlighted in the discourse on the “true and fair view” concept corroborate the opinion of previous empirical studies that it is virtually and currently unrealistic to describe financial statements as being “true”. It is thus recommended that the phrase should rather be ‘’that the financial statements present fairly the state of the affairs of the organization’’.