bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sharia-based Custom and the Politics of Religious Freedom in Contemporary West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Taufik Zulfan
Published: July 2024

Strengthening religious identity politics can be identified as one of the main factors contributing to the decline in religious freedom in Indonesia. While religious identity politics may serve to mobilize certain groups or advance specific agendas, its escalation often comes at the expense of religious freedom and social harmony. Against Indonesia's pluralistic society and decentralized governance system, West Sumatra stands out for its unique blend of Islamic tradition and local adat (customary law), which often challenge the state's legal framework and constitutional guarantees of religious freedom. This article aims to analyze the impact of Sharia-based custom (ABS-SBK)-based identity politics on religious freedom in West Sumatra, focusing on government and social regulations. This study is based on data from interviews, documentation, and analysis of media reports and coverage related to freedom of religion or belief (FoRB) in West Sumatra, as well as a guidebook for the practice of ABS-SBK issued by the Provincial Government of West Sumatra. This article shows that identity politics based on Sharia and local customs has caused many violations of the freedom of religion or belief of minority groups in West Sumatra. In government regulation, local governments have actively enforced mainstream religious and cultural norms and limited expressions and ideas considered contrary to the mainstream. As for the aspect of social regulation, religion-based identity politics is an effective tool for majority groups in limiting the religious freedom of minority groups.

Keywords: Identity Politics, Religious Freedom, West Sumatra, Sharia-based Custom, Religious Nationalism
Features of construction and operation of electric power generation devices in the southern part of Iraq
Authors: Alsultan Mohammed , Shevlyugin Maxim
Published: July 2024

Objective: the Iraqi electricity sector is in a critical state requiring immediate reforms. The industry and the academic community have expressed concern about the system’s ability to provide stable power supply and overall operational inefficiency. The energy sector is currently experiencing one of the most significant demand increases in the world, and given its capital intensity, it occupies a significant part of Iraq’s government investment program. Moreover, there has been a significant increase in the financial burden on Iraq’s electricity supply due to the high subsidies needed to cover current expenses. These subsidies are considered to be among the highest in the world. Methods: the reasoning presented in the article deals with the complex issue of the production capacities of power plants operating within the geographical boundaries of the central and southern regions of the country of Iraq, with particular attention to the paramount importance of understanding the scale and volume of energy demand existing in these aforementioned regions, as well as the multifaceted complexities associated with the diverse types of consumers who participate in the use of these energy resources. Results: taking into account the above-mentioned difficulties, this article examines these issues in detail and presents a number of proposals aimed directly at improving the overall efficiency of the energy sector. One of the main recommendations provides for a comprehensive reform of the energy sector, with special attention to meeting the growing demand for electricity among the population. The implementation of this proposal is expected to make significant progress in providing reliable and sustainable energy solutions to meet the ever-increasing needs of the population.
Use of bentonite clay as waterproofing material
Authors: Mayer Roman , Yakimov Gleb , Shangina Nina , Samoylov Sergey
Published: July 2024

Purpose: analytical study of usability bentonite is a natural mineral with high waterproofing and adsorption properties in various fields. Methods: methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization, analogy were used. Results: this article examines various applications of bentonite, allowing to position bentonite as a universal material, which is widely used in various industries due to its unique properties. The advantages of bentonite over other waterproofing materials are noted, including environmental friendliness, durability, efficiency and economy. The properties of bentonite clay have been studied, the ability of which to swell and create a waterproofing barrier in contact with water makes it an effective material for protection against moisture. It is indicated that the high frost resistance of bentonite is ensured due to the complex structure of the material consisting of metal oxide atoms and silicon atoms, which form a dense structure. The interlayer space in which the exchange cations are concentrated is the physical and physicochemical basis for the sorption activity of bentonite clay rocks. Bentonite has been found to be of value in its self-healing properties, as is the case when used at negative temperatures. This is due to its molecular structure. The microscopic particles that make up bentonite have a negative charge, they are able to adsorb water molecules. Practical significance: waterproofing works are carried out in many areas of construction. However, bentonite materials are not widely used. In this aspect, the article describes in detail such waterproofing materials as bentonite mats, clay lock, injectable bentonite waterproofing. The authors believe that the demand for the use of bentonite as a reliable and promising means of waterproofing in the construction industry will increase.
Self-stresses in the rails arising as a result of the operation of the railway track with deviations in its content
Authors: Chernyaeva Viktoriya , Shehtman Evgeniy , Chernyaev Evgeniy , Ivanov Andrey
Published: July 2024

Purpose: approaches to the maintenance of the railway track play a significant role in the interaction between the track and the rolling stock. The analysis [1–10] shows that existing methods for assessing the impact of rolling stock on the track have not completely resolved the issues of taking into account the residual deformation of the track, which does not allow us to have the most complete understanding of the ongoing interactions and processes between the railway track and the rolling stock in real operating conditions. In developing the issue of the need to take into account the residual deformation of the track, deviations in the geometry of the rail track in the profile, the article considers the “intrinsic” stresses in the track that are not under the influence of any load, arising as a result of the operation of a railway track with deviations in its contents. Methods: statistical analysis of the accumulation of residual deformations of a section of the railway track, review of existing methods for assessing the impact of rolling stock on the track, simulation modeling of the stress-strain state of the rail. Results: an analysis of the accumulation of residual deformations of a section of the railway track, a review of existing methods for assessing the impact of rolling stock on the track, modeling of the stress-strain state of a rail under load in two states (straight beam, curved beam) were carried out. Practical significance: the results can be applied when solving the problem of interaction between rolling stock and the railway track.
Assessment of damage caused by pollutants from vehicle exhaust gases during highway reconstruction
Authors: Kolos Aleksey , Chernyaeva Viktoriya , Maksimov Oleg
Published: July 2024

Purpose: assessment of damage caused by pollutants from vehicle exhaust gases during highway construction. The roadbed is one of the most important elements of a highway structure, presented in the form of a mass of soil and receiving static and dynamic loads from vehicles. The increasing intensity of road transport has a negative impact on the environment. The main causes of environmental damage are overloads at intersections, and their effects are delayed in time. For example, when a city highway is laid through an uninhabited area, the damage incurred is less than when the highway passes through densely populated residential areas and is adjacent to urban areas. Poor traffic management leads to environmental damage. The volume of emissions of harmful substances is determined by the mileage of vehicles, depends on various factors and is related to the total fuel consumption. An urgent task is to supplement the Methodological Recommendations for the selection of rational roadbed structures and their feasibility study with an indicator that takes into account environmental pollution, including greenhouse gas emis such as this is required in accordance with [1]. Methods: Taking as a basis the existing methodological recommendations for the selection of rational subgrade structures on weak foundations and their feasibility study [2], calculations were made on the basis of which it is possible to draw a conclusion about the amount of exhaust gases emitted by reducing the flow rate during activities for the reconstruction of the highway. The main concept underlying the methodological document is the optimization of design solutions based on their comprehensive technical and economic assessment, carried out in terms of capital and operating costs, significant socio-economic effects and the duration of the construction period. Results: a feasibility study and a technical and economic comparison of design solutions for the reconstruction of the highway were carried out in terms of widening the roadbed built on soft soils. Practical significance: Calculations are included in the basis of practical recommendations for the use of design solutions for the construction of roadbeds on soft soils, which gives a clear idea of the technical and economic feasibility oftheir use in various operating conditions.
Research of existing methods for drying wetted insulation of traction motors
Authors: Hazheeva Marina , Dulskiy Evgeny , Ivanov Pavel , Kruchek Viktor
Published: July 2024

Objective: consider the issue of increasing the reliability of electric locomotive traction motors, which depends on various factors. This article examines the factor of the impact of climate conditions on the operation of a locomotive. All attention is paid to the relevance of research into methods for drying the insulation of traction motors at the present time. It has been proven over many years of work that the most vulnerable part of the engine is insulation. All methods that are aimed at solving the assigned problems are listed. The article describes the principle of operation and technology of processes in each of these methods. From the proposed methods, efficiency indicators are derived from the perspective of technical and economic results, and some of their advantages and disadvantages are also noted. The article is based on a comparison of various methods that are aimed at solving current problems associated with increasing the reliability of traction rolling stock. Statistics on traction motor failures over the past three years are presented, and the reasons for moisture in the insulation of electric locomotive power equipment are described. The main methods and methods for drying moistened insulation used in VSZhD locomotive depots are listed, and the characteristics of each method are given. Methods: the method of statistical data and analytical review of the current state of the process of drying the insulation of traction rolling stock was applied. Results: the article lists the studies, experiments and results that evaluate the existing methods and methods of insulation drying processes on rolling stock. An updated method of three-cycle drying of moistened insulation of electrical machines has been developed, which is based on the use of electric heating units and provides for oscillatory energy supply. The task has been set to solve the optimal methods for removing moisture from the insulation of traction motors of electric locomotives based on the use of the convective method. Practical importance: based on the conducted research, the possibility of using the proposed three-cycle method for drying moistened insulation of electrical machines has been confirmed, which allows reducing energy costs for repairs and the time of the insulation drying process.
Modern approaches of radiation diagnostics in periodontal diseases (review article)
Authors: Bavykin Dmitry V. ,   N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Titova Liliya A. , Bavykina Irina A. , Baranov Ilya A. ,   N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University,   N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University,   N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Radiation diagnostics has secured a leading position in non-invasive diagnostics in all areas of medical activity. The development and implementation of optimal methods for diagnosing and treating dental diseases remain relevant despite all the advances in this area in recent years. Accumulated literature data indicate the effectiveness of the use of cone beam computed tomography, but there are no scientifically based recommendations on the need for its implementation and algorithms for its use in the diagnosis and planning of periodontal treatment. The research analyzes modern studies devoted to the study of diagnostically significant parameters of cone beam computed tomography and reflects the advantages of the technique in comparison with standard 2D radiography of the oral cavity. The presented modern data from foreign and national researchers regarding the use of cone beam computed tomography substantiate its effectiveness in the diagnosis of periodontal diseases due to the minimum radiation dose for the patient, higher spatial resolution and smaller volumes for interpretation. The accumulation and analysis of scientific research results will make it possible to standardize approaches to cone beam computed tomography, justify the feasibility of its use and develop a generally accepted method for interpreting the obtained data, in particular in relation to periodontal diseases.
Case report of emergency medical care of patient with combined trauma after a road traffic accident
Authors: Marchenko Aleksander P. ,   Kotovsk City Clinical Hospital, Kopylov Dmitry M. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University,   Archbishop Luke Tambov City Clinical Hospital; Derzhavin Tambov State University
Published: July 2024

Abstract. This research demonstrates a clinical observation of emergency medical care to a patient with associated trauma after a road traffic accident with the diagnosis: “Closed-skull brain injury. Brain concussion. Closed blunt chest trauma. Fracture of the IV–VII ribs on the right and left. Bruise of the right and left lungs. Closed comminuted fracture of the left femur in the middle third with displacement. Paresis of the left oculomotor nerve. Traumatic shock of the III degree”. The description of this case report allows to analyze the clinical and instrumental examination of the victim, tactics of intensive therapy and surgical treatment, clearly demonstrating that the primary task in the management of a victim with severe polytrauma after an accident is diagnosis, anti-shock therapy, pain relief, recovery of impaired vital functions of the body, stabilization of the patient’s condition and surgical treatment of damages and fractures. The research provides a demonstration of successful surgical treatment of a complex closed comminuted diaphyseal fracture of the left femur. A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of a victim in a road traffic accident with combined trauma is an integrated approach that includes the coordinated action of specialists in various fields, aimed at maximizing the improvement of the victim’s condition. Correctly chosen tactics of diagnostic and treatment measures play a key role in ensuring a positive result and recovery of the victim. Thanks to the coordination of the actions of doctors of various specializations, the victim receives the necessary assistance at each stage of treatment, which contributes to rapid recovery and return to normal life.
¿Apropiación o canibalismo?
Authors: Pineda Repizo Adryan Fabrizio
Published: July 2024

En este texto se aborda la cuestión de la apropiación del objeto en la obra de arte a partir de una mirada cruzada con las relaciones con el archivo del acto antropofágico en Latinoamérica, entendido como un acto inmerso en una particular manera de movilizar formas de subjetividad y de resistencia. Esto implica entender la apropiación no como un gesto artístico de adoptar la apariencia y negar la funcionalidad del objeto, sino como la inscripción de una relacionalidad entre formas de subjetividad en conflicto vía el objeto en la obra. Ello implica revisar el planteamiento heredado del apropiacionismo, explorar las formas en que la antropofagia implicó una manera de constituir la subjetividad y la transgresión y, finalmente, mostrar cómo dicha forma de transgresión puede leerse en algunas motivaciones del arte colombiano.
¿Un Museo Plurinacional de Antropología?
Authors: Neurath Johannes
Published: July 2024

El mundialmente famoso Museo de Antropología de México ha sido criticado por su discurso centralista, por robar el patrimonio arqueológico de los pueblos indígenas y por presentar una versión folclorizada de las culturas nativas contemporáneas. Actualmente está en marcha un proyecto de renovación de las galerías etnográficas. Se utiliza una antropología reversa que abarca temas que la mayoría de los pueblos originarios y afromexicanos consideran relevantes: territorialidad y autonomía, comida y bebida, fiestas y rituales, vestimenta y arte textil. Aquí presento mi proyecto para las galerías dedicadas a las Fiestas. Se parte de la observación general de que fiestas y rituales son un aspecto central de la vida comunitaria. Específicamente queremos mostrar que es en su relacionalidad que la fiesta reproduce e incluso reinventa los vínculos entre la persona, la comunidad y otros seres del cosmos.
Deslumbramentos e reviravoltas
Authors: Velthem Lucia Hussak van
Published: July 2024

O artigo se debruça sobre exposições temporárias que focalizaram as artes indígenas no Brasil, evidenciando-se os seus objetivos e implicações conceituais. O fio condutor que permite desvendar os propósitos das exposições “Arte Plumária do Brasil” e “Artes Indígenas” se conecta aos povos indígenas e às suas artes, em especial as que estão inseridas em uma categoria artesanal icônica – a plumária - que revela singulares procedimentos técnicos e estéticos e que também permitem reformular questões éticas e identitárias.
Chico da silva, o pioneiro da arte indígena?
Authors: Oliveira Gerciane Maria da Costa
Published: July 2024

Considerado um dos principais artistas naïves do país, Chico da Silva tem ganhado particular interesse do sistema e mercado das artes (nacional e internacional) nos últimos anos. A partir de 2021 foram mais de seis exposições realizadas nas cidades de São Paulo, Fortaleza e Nova York, entre individuais e coletivas. Neste contexto um aspecto novo chama atenção: o reconhecimento de Chico da Silva como artista indígena. Radicado em Fortaleza nos anos de 1920, o pintor acreano, filho de cearense com índio peruano do Kampa, tem sua obra revisitada sob outro enfoque da crítica, mercado e curadoria. Ocorre, por assim dizer, uma espécie de reabilitação não necessariamente do pintor, mas de sua condição de artista indígena situando-o, inclusive, como o marco inaugural desta posição no campo das artes. Torna-se, portanto, interesse desta reflexão compreender como nas recentes exposições realizadas em torno do pintor se operou esse deslocamento de uma poética naïf para indígena e quais critérios foram considerados para tal conversão.
Maraka’nà Ra Pé
Authors: Icó Lucas
Published: July 2024

Em 2018 foi realizada a exposição Maraka’nà Ra Pé, na Aldeia Maraka’nà, uma retomada indígena pluriétnica na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O artigo apresenta o processo de elaboração da exposição, do qual participei, e discute a trama contextual da exposição, lançando mão das noções de espaço-dispositivo e deriva de sentido para abordá-la ética, estética e politicamente.
O voo do Manto e o Pouso do Manto
Authors: Silva Glicéria Jesus da
Published: July 2024

O artigo descreve e analisa o projeto “Manto em Movimento”, que compreendeu uma exposição de pesquisa e uma série de visitas de um Manto Tupinambá da Serra do Padeiro a espaços e comunidades de São Paulo, desde a aldeia Kalipety, em Parelheiros, até o Museu de Arte Contemporânea da USP, passando por vários outros locais e dialogando com sujeitos diversos, numa iniciativa artístico-diplomática. O projeto foi concebido e organizado por um comitê curatorial, do qual a autora do artigo fez parte, e aconteceu entre setembro e dezembro de 2023. Fomos movidos pelo que tenho chamado de "feitiço do fio", ou seja, pelo poder que o manto possui de reunir pessoas, instituições e objetos ao redor dele, para seguir seu processo de retomada.
Histórias da arte e visualidades indígenas
Authors: Oliveira Emerson Dionisio Gomes de , Malta Marize , Couto Maria de Fátima Morethy
Published: July 2024

A presente edição da Revista MODOS: Revista de História da Arte conta com vinte textos inéditos. Dentre os quais, destacamos os artigos do dossiê "Processos curatoriais e exposições de artes indígenas na/da América Latina".  Os textos selecionados debatem o amplo processo de reflexão, que busca examinar em que condições históricas estão sendo vistas, exibidas e compreendidas as produções visuais indígenas. A questão não está apenas nas tardias estratégias de dar maior visibilidade à produção de artistas indígenas e incorporá-la às coleções institucionais dedicadas às artes, mas na predisposição de indagar nosso aparato intelectual, que estabeleceu hierarquias classificatórias, enquadramentos estéticos, formas rígidas de pensamento que estruturaram a história da arte tradicional.
DOES COVID-19 CAUSE STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE INDONESIAN STOCK MARKET BEHAVIOR? A COMPARISON OF ISLAMIC AND CONVENTIONAL STOCK
Authors: Supriani Indri , Artha Wicesa Nayaka , Karina Tumewang Yunice
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Islamic stock is believed to be more stable and less risky than conventional stock due to specific screening based on Sharia principles, particularly during economic downturns. This research aims to investigate whether the Covid-19 outbreak caused a structural break in Indonesia's Islamic and conventional stock markets.
Methods: This study covers the period from January 2007 to June 2022, divided into sub-periods before Covid-19 (January 2007 to February 2020) and during COVID-19 (March 2020 to June 2022). The study adopts the time series regression method to examine the predicting factors of Islamic and conventional stock indexes, followed by the application of the Chow Breakpoint Test method to determine whether there are structural changes in the Islamic and conventional stock markets due to Covid-19.
Results: The results of this study suggest that, in comparison to the period preceding Covid-19, the Islamic stock index demonstrates heightened sensitivity to fluctuations in predicting factors during the pandemic. Additionally, there is an absence of any structural break observed in conventional indices. Consequently, Islamic stocks exhibit lower resistance during crisis periods than conventional stocks.
Conclusion and suggestion: This finding prompts a comprehensive evaluation of the Sharia screening standards by policymakers to enhance the resilience of Islamic stocks during economic turmoil. Moreover, based on the results, it is suggested that investors cannot consider the Islamic stock index as a 'safe-haven' instrument during financial turmoil. The result of this research assist investors in adjusting their investment strategies more effectively, particularly in bearish market conditions.
FACTORS DRIVING GEN Z PURCHASING DECISIONS TOWARDS STREET FOOD WITH THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PURCHASE INTENTION
Authors: Riska Widya Abiba  , Muhtadi Ridwan  , Khusnudin
Published: July 2024

Introduction: This study examines the influence of product knowledge, halal awareness, subjective norms, and attitudes on street food purchasing decisions through purchase intention as a mediating variable.
Method: This research includes quantitative research with an explanatory research approach. The population used in this study is Gen Z Muslims in Surabaya. The sample in this study amounted to 330 respondents obtained from the sampling technique, namely accidental sampling. To test the hypotheses built using partial least square (PLS) analysis techniques with Smart-PLS Version 3.2.9 software tools.
Results: The results stated that product knowledge, halal awareness, attitude, and subjective norm are not significant effect on purchasing decisions partially. However, all dependent variables affect decisions through purchase intention. Means, customer intentions become critical point before their making purchases.
Conclusion and suggestion: In summary, understanding purchase intention through customer behavior is essential to be considered by business actors to increase consumer assessment of these products. In this case, business actors need to educate related to food regulation such as having halal logo and ensure the product safety. By having proper assessment food vendors will be able to promote their product and increase customer purchasing intention. Furthermore, policymakers and related stakeholders also need to support food regulation and safety by having proper law and supply chain of halal ingredients.
Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Gece Yeme Sendromu ve Kronik Kas İskelet Sistemi Ağrıları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Bakılan Fulya , Akzorba Barış , Amet Elif , Doğantürk Harun , Özdemir Tarık , Hüseynli Türkan , Babazade Zenfira
Published: July 2024

Giriş: Literatürde gece yeme sendromu olan bireylerde kronik kas iskelet sistemi ağrısının daha fazla görülüp görülmediğini araştıran bir çalışmaya rastlamamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tıp fakültesi birinci sınıf öğrencilerinde gece yeme sendromu ve kas iskelet sisteminde kronik ağrı sıklığı belirlemek ve gece yeme sendromu olanlarda, olmayanlara kıyasla kronik kas iskelet sistemi ağrısının daha sık görülüp görülmediğini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve yöntem: Bu çalışma Tıp Fakültesi 1. Sınıftaki 177 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Demografik özellikler sorgulanmıştır. Kas iskelet sisteminde en az 3 aydır kronik ağrı varlığı, ağrılı bölge sayısı, ağrılı bölgelerin yeri sorgulanmış, ağrı şiddeti ise Vizüel Analog Skala ile değerlendirilmiştir. Gece yeme sendromu tanısı ile Allison ve arkadaşlarının geliştirdiği tanı ölçütleri ile konulmuştur.
Sonuç: Gece yeme sendromu sıklığı %20,3, kronik kas iskelet sistemi ağrısı sıklığı %25,4 olarak saptanmıştır. Öğrenciler gece yeme sendromu olan ve olmayan olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Demografik özellikler, Vizüel Analog Skala, ağrılı bölgelerin dağılımı açısından her 2 grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır. Gece yeme sendromu olan öğrencilerin %36’sında kas iskelet sisteminin herhangi bir yerinde kronik ağrı saptanırken, gece yeme sendromu olmayan öğrencilerde bu oran daha düşük, %22 olarak saptanmıştır. Ancak bu farklılık istatistiğe yansımamıştır. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı tek farklılık gece yeme sendromu olan öğrencilerin yüksek olan ağrılı bölge sayısında idi.
Tartışma: Öğrencilere gece yeme sendromunun yol alabileceği durumlar ve doğru beslenme alışkanlıkları ile ilgili eğitimler planlanmalıdır.
Predictors of Life Expectancy at Birth In Turkiye: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Çavmak Doğancan , Beyaz Sipahi Fatma Banu , Söyler Sait
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the impact of social, behavioral, economic and healthcare system related factors on life expectancy at birth in Turkiye. Methods: Enrollment rate in tertiary education, tobacco consumption gram per capita, out-of-pocket payments and GDP per capita were included as predictors. The data was obtained from the database of OECD, World Bank and Health Statistics Yearbooks published by Ministry of the Health for 2000-2019. Johansen Cointegration test was used to define the existence of the long-run statistical relationship between life expectancy at birth and the predictors. Results: Enrollment rate in tertiary education, GDP per capita and out-of-pocket payments are positively associated with life expectancy, while tobacco consumption gram per capita has a negative association. It has been concluded that short-term deviations from the equilibrium, using an error correction model, will reach long-term equilibrium approximately one year later. Granger causality test and the estimation result revealed that enrollment rate in tertiary education, tobacco consumption, out-of-pocket health expenditure, GDP per capita are the short-term and long-term causes of life expectancy at birth. Conclusion: This study provides important evidence for policymakers to allocate resources to the social, behavioral, healthcare-related and economic determinants of health status to increase life expectancy. In addition, the determination of out-of-pocket payments to have a positive relationship with life expectancy gives a clue about the need to make more efforts regarding the economic accessibility of healthcare services in the Turkish health system.
Manifesto of the New School of Vienna, or Joseph Dietl about disease and its treatment
Authors: Magowska Anita
Published: July 2024

Do ważnych tekstów medycznych powstałych w XIX w. należy „Praktische Wahrnehmungen…” Józefa Dietla (1804-1878), lekarza urodzonego w zaborze austriackim w austriacko- -polskiej rodzinie i uważającego się za Polaka, ale publikującego przeważnie po niemiecku. Przez kilkanaście lat pracował w szpitalu na przedmieściach Wiednia, a potem został profesorem Uniwersytetu w Krakowie, a z czasem także prezydentem tego miasta. Większość artykułów Dietla to spostrzeżenia kliniczne. Inny charakter ma „Praktische Wahrnehmungen…” (1846), praca, w której Dietl zanegował dotychczasowe metody terapii i wytyczył nowe kierunki rozwoju medycyny naukowej, uważana za manifest nowej szkoły wiedeńskiej. Praca ta jest, poniżej, po raz pierwszy opublikowana w języku polskim
The practical medical indications century and a half before
Authors: Cofta Szczepan
Published: July 2024

Niniejszy krótki komentarz do artykułu Józefa Dietla (1804-1878) „O praktycznych wskazaniach...” dowodzi, że w ciągu półtora wieku problemy filozoficzne medycyny ustąpiły miejsca problemom wynikającym z zastosowania technologii w medycynie.
Stanisław Bobiatyński (1886-?) – a doctor and defendant of Vilnius
Authors: Magowska Anita
Published: July 2024

Biogram przedstawia sylwetkę Stanisława Bobiatyńskiego (1868-?), lekarza urodzonego w Wilnie, absolwenta studiów lekarskich w Moskwie, który zasłynął jako utalentowany dowódca wojskowy m.in. podczas obrony Wilna przed Armią Czerwoną w 1920 r.
Seweryn Gałęzowski’s De variola mitigata (1824). Some remarks on its historical background
Authors: Pękacka-Falkowska Katarzyna
Published: July 2024

W 1824 roku obiecujący student Cesarskiego Uniwersytetu Wileńskiego obronił rozprawę doktorską poświęconą ospie zmodyfikowanej. Dysertacja podejmowała aktualny i istotny temat, była oparta na obserwacjach i najnowszej wiedzy naukowej, a jej wyniki mogły mieć rzeczywiste znaczenie dla praktyki lekarskiej zwolenników wakcynacji. Komentarz dostarcza pewnej wiedzy o kontekście powstania rozprawy.
Rozprawa doktorska medyczno-praktyczna na temat ospy złagodzonej
Authors: Gałęzowski Seweryn
Published: July 2024

Przekład: Radosław Piętka i Magdalena Szymańska-Piętka
The Jewish Hospital in the Town of Przemyśl (1595-1944)
Authors: Andrzejewski Zenon
Published: July 2024

Artykuł przedstawia historię szpitala żydowskiego, istniejącego w latach 1595-1944 w Przemyślu. Pierwotnie był to przytułek dla ubogich, zamknięty w 1772 r. Następne wzmianki o tym szpitalu pochodzą z 1842 r. i dotyczą pomocy finansowej udzielanej mu przez Żydowską Gminę Wyznaniową. W 1872 r. szpital został zreorganizowany, a w 1904 r. rozbudowany. Pracowali w nim lekarze polscy i żydowscy. Podczas I wojny światowej w jego budynkach były zlokalizowane różne szpitale wojskowe i epidemiczne. W okresie międzywojennym szpital nadal służył ludności żydowskiej. Po wyzwoleniu Przemyśla spod okupacji niemieckiej przestał istnieć.
Hieronim and Adam Szantruczek – the distinguished for health care in the town of Międzyrzecz
Authors: Ernst Piotr
Published: July 2024

Doktor Hieronim Szantruczek (1887-1965) ukończył studia lekarskie w Krakowie. W czasie pierwszej wojny światowej uczestniczył w walkach II Brygady Legionów Polskich. Po wojnie był dyrektorem szpitali m.in. w Lwowie, Nowym Targu, Rzeszowie. Po zakończeniu drugiej wojny światowej przeniósł się do Międzyrzecza, gdzie organizował szpital, którym kierował do przejścia na emeryturę tzn. do końca marca 1961 roku. Doktor Adam Szantruczek (1927-1995) ukończył, podobnie jak ojciec, studia w Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. Od 1 stycznia 1962 r. do 31 stycznia 1970 r. kierował międzyrzeckim szpitalem. Zarówno doktor Hieronim Szantruczek, jak i jego syn Adam zapisali się we wdzięcznej pamięci mieszkańców Międzyrzecza, nie tylko jako znakomici chirurdzy, ale też jako wybitni działacze społeczno-polityczni.
Differences in the influence of the board of directors and the board of commissioners on real earnings management: empirical evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Mardianto  , Karina Ria , Edi Edi
Published: July 2024

Purpose – This research investigates the influence of the Board of Directors (BOD) and the Board of Commissioners (BOC) on real earnings management (REM) practices in Indonesian manufacturing companies. Real earnings management involves genuine alterations to operational decisions that affect financial reporting.Design/methodology/approach – The research uses a sample of manufacturing firm listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2016 to 2022 and uses panel data regression techniques, including the Pooled Least Square (PLS) and Fixed Effect Model (FEM), to examine the effects of BOD and BOC characteristics on REM. The empirical analysis considers multiple proxies for BOD and BOC attributes, such as board size, independence, meeting frequency, and expertise. Additionally, control variables including leverage, firm size, and growth indicators are incorporated into the analysis.Findings – The findings reveal a significant positive relationship between the presence of BOD and REM activities. In contrast, the presence of BOC demonstrates a non-significant but negatively associated impact on REM. Furthermore, the research identifies the moderating role of BOC in strengthening the relationship between BOD and REM.Research limitations/implications – The research contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical insights into the roles of BOD and BOC in shaping REM practices within the Indonesian manufacturing context. These findings highlight the importance of board characteristics in influencing financial reporting decisions and emphasize the need for effective corporate governance mechanisms to mitigate opportunistic behaviors related to earnings management.Practical implications – Enhancing corporate governance practices, provide an input for more effective board composition, increase the investor confidence and transparency, enhance policy implications and provide advice for company’s long-term performance focus.Originality/value – This research addresses a gap in the literature by focusing on the Indonesian context. Use the BOC to moderate the relationship between BOD and REM may be less common in the context of Indonesia and even in regional focus.
Euclidean Relativity Solves the Hubble Constant Tension
Authors: Niemz Markolf H.
Published: July 2024

Einstein’s special relativity (SR) and general relativity (GR) describe nature in “subjective concepts” (concepts of observers), such as relative spacetime, wave, particle, and force. The word “subjective” does not imply that SR/GR would be limited to one point of view. It implies that, despite the Lorentz covariance of SR and the general covariance of GR, any point of view in SR/GR is egocentric. Even coordinate-free formulations of SR/GR or multiple egocentric perspectives do not provide a “holistic view of nature” (comprehensive view of nature from all possible perspectives at the same instant in time) because there is no absolute time in SR/GR. Here I show: Euclidean relativity (ER) describes nature in “objective concepts” (concepts that are immanent in all objects). “Pure distance” replaces spatial and temporal distance. “Pure energy” replaces wave and particle. Each object’s proper space d1, d2, d3 and its proper time τ span an absolute 4D Euclidean spacetime (ES), where d1, d2, d3 and d4 = cτ are pure distances. All energy moves through ES at the speed of light c. An object’s proper time flows in the direction of its 4D motion. Thus, there is a relative 4D vector “flow of proper time”. The invariant parameter is absolute, cosmic time t. An observer’s reality is created by projecting ES orthogonally to his proper space and to his proper time. ER neither competes with nor replaces SR/GR. ER complements SR/GR by adding a holistic view. SR/GR describe each observer’s reality. ER describes the master reality ES, which is beyond each observer’s reality. ER solves 15 fundamental mysteries geometrically, such as time’s arrow, the horizon problem, the Hubble constant tension, dark energy, the wave–particle duality, entanglement, and the baryon asymmetry.
Dirac Fermion of a Monopole Pair (MP) Model
Authors: Yuguru Samuel
Published: July 2024

The electron of spin −1/2 is a Dirac fermion of a complex four-component spinor field. Though it is effectively addressed by relativistic quantum field theory (QFT), an intuitive form of the fermion still remains lacking and it is often speculated by Dirac belt trick or its related analogies. In a similar fashion, the interpretation of Dirac fermion by QFT is examined within a recently proposed MP model of a hydrogen atom into 4D space-time. The model consists of clockwise precession of an elliptical MP field mimicking Dirac string and an electron of physical entity in orbit of time reversal. Such dynamics sustains charge conjugate, parity inversion and time reversal symmetry with the transition of the electron to Dirac fermion being consistent with Dirac belt trick, quantum mechanics and Lie group. The electron path is solenoidal to on-shell momentum of circular Bohr obit (BO), and by disturbance, this levitates and dissects the MP field into n-dimensions of Minkowski space-time. Contraction of BOs towards the vertices generates Euclidean space-time to a spherical MP model. These outcomes are compatible with QFT such as Dirac field theory and its related components like wave function collapse, quantized Hamiltonian, non-relativistic wave function, Weyl spinor, Lorentz transformation and electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism. The model though speculative, it could become important towards defining the fundamental state of matter subject to further examinations by conventional methods in both experiment and theoretical applications.
The Fourier Continuous Derivative: A New Approach to Fractional Differentiation
Authors: Diedrich Eduardo
Published: July 2024

The Fourier Continuous Derivative ($D_C$) offers a unique perspective on fractional differentiation grounded in the theory of Fourier series. This approach has the potential to address problems across various disciplines, including physics, engineering, and mathematics. The primary insight underpinning this approach is that a convex function defined on $\mathbb{Z}$ retains its convexity on $\mathbb{R}$. This paper delves into the Fourier Continuous Derivative, compares it with traditional fractional derivatives, and outlines its possible real-world applications, such as modeling viscoelastic materials, solving wave equations, and financial data analysis.
Complexity, Artificial Life, and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Gershenson Carlos
Published: July 2024

The scientific fields of complexity, artificial life (ALife), and artificial intelligence (A.I.) share commonalities: historic, conceptual, methodological, and philosophical. Although their origins trace back to the 1940s birth of cybernetics, they were only able to properly develop as modern information technology became available. In this perspective, I offer a personal (and thus biased) account of the expectations and limitations of these fields, some of which have their roots in the limits of formal systems. I will use interactions, self-organization, emergence, and balance to compare different aspects of complexity, ALife, and A.I. Even when the trajectory of the paper is influenced by my personal experience, the general questions posed (which outweigh the answers) hopefully will be useful to align efforts in these fields toward overcoming --- or accepting --- their limits.
Genetic Analysis of Bifidobacteriaceae in a Fermented Milk and Colostrum Product in Relation to Immune Function
Authors: Ruggiero Marco
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the microbial composition of a commercially available Swiss fermented milk and colostrum product with a history of use in chronic condition management since 2014. The analysis, performed using the Axiom Microbiome Array, identified a high number of targets corresponding to microbial species classified as probiotics belonging to the Bifidobacteriaceae family. The array provided 28 unique targets, each corresponding to a specific microbe. Next, the amino acid sequences of beta-galactosidase and sialidase from Bifidobacteria and humans were studied because these enzymes are responsible for the production of GcMAF (Gc protein-derived Macrophage Activating Factor) from the Gc protein that is abundant in colostrum. The Bifidobacterial enzymes showed striking functional similarities with their human counterparts. In addition, the study explores the potential health benefits of this product with a focus on GcMAF and chondroitin sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan highly represented in milk and colostrum. The high concentration of specific Bifidobacteria strains contributes to these benefits through two mechanisms: enhanced GcMAF production and activation of chondroitin sulfate, which in turn exhibits GcMAF-like activity. These findings suggest that the Bifidobacteria-rich Swiss product could offer health benefits through these combined mechanisms.
Pathpoint® eDerma: Advancing Teledermatology - A Comprehensive Literature Review and Clinical Evaluation
Authors: S Balamurugan , Zarrighalam Parisa , Beak Philip , Mahapatra Piyush
Published: July 2024

Teledermatology, the dermatological consultation and diagnosis via digital communication technologies, has become increasingly important in modern healthcare. The integration of teledermatology into clinical practice has gained significant interest, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Numerous studies have shown the effectiveness and reliability of teledermatology, with high levels of patient satisfaction and diagnostic accuracy. Pathpoint® eDerma is a cloud-based dermatology platform that aims to streamline the documentation and management of dermatological conditions. It offers several clinical benefits, including faster diagnosis, reduced unnecessary procedures, improved access to care, and cost savings. The platform follows a comprehensive risk management plan and complies with safety regulations. It undergoes regular recertification and reviews to ensure its safety and effectiveness. The clinical evaluation of eDerma confirms its ability to deliver significant clinical benefits while effectively mitigating risks. The benefit-risk ratio of eDerma is highly acceptable, supporting its use in clinical settings to enhance dermatological care.
Implementing Distributed System using Auto Promote and Web Services
Authors: Uriawa Wisnu , Nurrobianti Silvia , Muhammad Saif Teuku , Ibnu Huygenz Widodo Raden , Ristian Asgari Yuda
Published: July 2024

While advances in information and communication technology have increased the efficiency of information distribution, it has also brought several challenges to the database industry. One of the main challenges is ensuring the real-time availability of data, which is critical. In addition, downtime in centralized database systems can cause significant failures. Therefore this research applies database replication, especially the multi-master method, is used to increase availability and reduce the possibility of failure. For distributed transaction distribution, this research uses the auto-promote master method and web services for PostgreSQL database replication. The focus of the research is on real-world college site selection transactions, where speed, scalability, and high data availability are critical. The results show that combining these methods can improve system performance and protect data availability. With fast response time, high throughput, and low error rate, the API performs well with various loads. As a testament to scalability and reliability, the system can handle large volumes of traffic without experiencing significant crashes. For containerization, Docker supports efficient and stable performance and ensures consistency and manageability. Future recommendations include improving the data security mechanism and further efforts to optimize the distribution system architecture.
Anthropogenic Activities, Water Quality, and Ichthyofaunal Diversity of Navotas Riverine Ecosystem, Philippines
Authors: Encarnacion Jericho , Ergino Gloricel , Rivera Sheena Mae , Tamula Princess Kaye , Dalawangbayan Reizell
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the anthropogenic activities, water quality, and ichthyofaunal diversity of the Navotas Riverine Ecosystem. It examines the anthropogenic influences, analyzes the physicochemical and microbiological properties of water, identifies fish species, evaluates the water quality index, and determines ichthyofaunal diversity using various indices. Water samples and fish collections were conducted from January to April 2024 at three sites. Key findings indicate that water quality parameters such as temperature (23.20-37.5°C), dissolved oxygen (6.22-7.84 mg/L), phosphate concentration (0.55-3.72 mg/L), and fecal coliform (350-160,000 MPN/100 mL) failed to meet DENR standards for Class C water. The TDS (1153.33-10700 ppm) and conductivity (17653.33-21333.33 µS/cm) were also elevated, indicating significant pollution. The study identified low ichthyofaunal diversity, with six native and one invasive fish species. A total of 269 fish were collected: 161 from Site 1, 46 from Site 2, and 62 from Site 3. The most abundant species was Scatophagus argus (19% occurrence), while the invasive Sarotherodon melanotheron ranked third (17% occurrence). Notably, pH (r = 0.753) correlated highly with nitrate concentration. S. melanotheron significantly correlated with pH (r = 0.602, p = 0.019) and nitrates (r = 0.555, p = 0.031). Lutjanus argentimaculatus also had significant correlations with pH (r = 0.527, p = 0.039) and nitrates (r = 0.651, p = 0.011). Conversely, S. argus had a negative moderate correlation with temperature (r = -0.529, p = 0.039) and conductivity (r = -0.536, p = 0.036). These correlations suggest that the water parameters significantly influence the diversity and abundance of fish in the river. The study concludes that the river's water quality is heavily influenced by anthropogenic activities which negatively affect ichthyofaunal diversity. Recommendations include continuous monitoring, gut and heavy metal analysis of fish, assessment of avifauna diversity, and strict implementation of conservation regulations.