bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lactobacillus acidophilus Enhances Relief from Clinical Symptoms of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients on Quadruple Therapy
Authors:   Department of Gastroenterology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, Jiangsu, China, Cai Hongyan , Si Xiaoyan ,   Department of Gastroenterology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210019, Jiangsu, China
Published: April 2023

The relief from clinical symptoms of Helicobacter pylori infection caused by Lactobacillus acidophilus treatment was analyzed by a 13C-urea breath test. To this end, 200 patients diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori infection were divided into two equal groups of 100 patients, designated as the control and study groups, respectively. The control group received conventional quadruple therapy that included enteric-coated esomeprazole magnesium tablets, amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and colloidal pectin bismuth for 2 weeks. The study group, in addition to the conventional quadruple therapy, received Lactobacillus acidophilus tablets orally for 2 weeks. The Helicobacter pylori eradication rate (P < 0.05) and total effective rate (P < 0.05) of the study group were higher than the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions including acid reflux, upper abdom¬inal pain, abdominal fullness, and vomiting in the study group was lower (P < 0.05) than the control group. There was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in the levels of tumor nuclear factor-α, high sensitivity C-reaction protein, and interlukin-6 between two groups before treatment. However, the level of these indicators in the study group after treatment was lower than that in the control group. Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, or CD4+/CD8+ between the two groups before treatment. However, the level of CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ after treatment was significantly higher, while CD8+ was significantly lower in the study group. In conclusion, Lactobacillus acidophilus treat¬ment exhibits a high eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori with good safety and relief from Helicobacter pylori-associated clinical symptoms.
The Effects of Medium-Term Intake of Hydrogen-Rich Water on Sperm Quality Biomarkers in Normospermic and Oligospermic Men: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors:   Applied Bioenergetics Lab, Faculty of Sport and PE, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, Stajer Valdemar ,   2Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, Todorovic Nikola ,   Applied Bioenergetics Lab, Faculty of Sport and PE, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia; 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, Conic Branislava Drdjenovic ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, Kladar Nebojsa ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, Engeset Dagrun ,   Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway, Stea Tonje Holte ,   Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway,   Department of Child and Adolescence Mental Health, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway, Ratgeber Laszlo ,   Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary, Forbes Scott C. ,   Department of Physical Education Studies, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada, Candow Darren G. ,   Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, Ostojic Sergej M. ,   Applied Bioenergetics Lab, Faculty of Sport and PE, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia,   Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway,   Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Published: April 2023

The main aim of this randomized controlled pilot trial was to evaluate the effects of hydrogen-rich water on spermiogram parameters in normospermic and oligospermic men. As many as 12 healthy young men (age 29.1 ± 5.9 years; n = 6 normospermic; n = 6 oligospermic) volunteered. Participants were allocated in a double-blind manner to receive 1 L of hydrogen-rich water per day or 1 L of tap water fortified with magnesium for 8 weeks. Following hydrogen-rich water supplementation, sperm concentration and morphology tended to increase by 12.4 million per milliliter (95% CI; –31.8 to 56.6), and live cells increased by 3.8% (95% CI; –12.5 to 20.1), respectively (P ≤ 0.30). A significant difference between the two interventions was found in sperm vitality (P = 0.03), with hydrogen-rich water being superior to the placebo in terms of an increase in the number of live sperm cells. Subgroup analyses revealed no significant differences between interventions in sperm viability outcomes in oligospermic men (P > 0.05). However, sperm count increased by over 20 million in two of the three oligospermic men (66.7%) receiving hydrogen-rich water, while no oligospermic men in the placebo group increased sperm concentration to euspermic levels (P < 0.01). These preliminary findings suggest hydrogen-rich water is an effective intervention for improving some aspects of male subfertility; further large-sample trials are warranted to corroborate our results.
Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from Ilex Latifolia Thunb by Response Surface Methodology and their Influence over the Activity of Xanthine Oxidase
Authors:   Department of Food Engineering, Guizhou Vocational College of Foodstuff Engineering, Guiyang, 551400, China, Lu Zhongying , Zhang Mengqin ,   Institute of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, 554300, China, Chen Xiang ,   Department of Food Engineering, Guizhou Vocational College of Foodstuff Engineering, Guiyang, 551400, China, Lei Junjie ,   Department of Food Engineering, Guizhou Vocational College of Foodstuff Engineering, Guiyang, 551400, China
Published: April 2023

We have examined the ultrasonic ethanol extraction of Ilex latifolia Thunb flavonoids and the inhibitory effect of these flavo¬noids on xanthine oxidase. Four single-factor extraction conditions were examined: ethanol concentration (%), solid–liquid ratio (g/mL), ultrasonic extraction temperature (°C), and ultrasonic extraction time (min). With these data, the response surface methodology was adopted to optimize the ultrasonic extraction parameters. The optimal ultrasonic extraction parameters were determined to be the ethanol concentration of 49%, the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:27, the ultrasonic extraction temperature of 74°C, and the ultrasonic extraction time of 97 min. Under the optimal conditions described ear¬lier, the experimental yield of flavonoids was 6.367% with a relative standard deviation of 1.9%, which was comparable to the theoretical extraction rate. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of flavonoids for xanthine oxidase is 5.50 mg/mL. The inhibitory effect was competitive and reversible, with an inhibitory kinetic constant Ki of 2.35 mg/mL.
Jiawei Sijunzi Soup Inhibits Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Rat Model of Diabetic Gastroparesis
Authors:   Department of Endocrinology, Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213004, China, Zhang Yi , Wang Xu ,   Department of Internal Medicine of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 213023, China, Yang Yiwen ,   Department of Endocrinology, Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213004, China, Wei Yapin ,   Department of Endocrinology, Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213004, China, Sheng Li ,   Department of Endocrinology, Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213004, China, Yu Lu ,   Department of Endocrinology, Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213004, China
Published: April 2023

Diabetic gastroparesis is a common complication of diabetes that may lead to poor nutrition, problems managing blood glucose, and a reduced quality of life. Jiawei Sijunzi soup has been shown to benefit patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis while causing no serious side effects. In this study, we investigated the possible effects of Jiawei Sijunzi soup on the progression of diabetic gastroparesis in a rat model induced by streptozotocin. The results show that Jiawei Sijunzi soup reduced inflammation and oxidative stress and improved the pathological features of gastric tissue in diabetic gastroparesis. The target of Jiawei Sijunzi soup in diabetic gastroparesis was analyzed based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. The results show activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway by Jiawei Sijunzi soup in the rat model of diabetic gastroparesis.
Medizintechnik – sicher im Dauerbetrieb
Authors: Langstrof Alexandra , Schaffner Dominic
Published: April 2023

Ein kritischer Systemausfall von elektronischen Geräten kann im Ernstfall das Leben von Patienten in Gefahr bringen. Ob auf Intensivstationen, im OP-Saal oder bei der Überwachung und Analyse von Körperfunktionen – überall werden sichere Stromversorgungen benötigt. Beispiele aus der Praxis zeigen, wie maximale Zuverlässigkeit im 24/7 Dauerbetrieb gewährleistet werden kann.
Persönliche Verantwortung für technische Sicherheit – Teil 5
Authors: Wilrich Thomas
Published: April 2023

In jedem Managementbuch wird Verantwortung gefordert. Verantwortung gibt es nicht nur für Misserfolge und Misslingen, sondern auch für Erfolge und Errungenschaften. Was wir nicht wollen ist Haftung. Mehr darüber können Sie in Teil 5 unserer Serie „persönliche Verantwortung“ lesen.
INTEGRATIVE COMMON FACTORS OF BIOLOGY AND GENETICS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Assistant Of Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan, Qizi Yakubjonova Nodirakhan Avazkhan
Published: April 2023

The article examines the widespread support of terms such as "pedagogical technology", "educational technology" and "teaching" in the pedagogical science and practice of providing an integrative system of biology and genetics in higher education institutions. At the same time, there are different types of reading among them. First of all, in order to give a clear expression, what unites them, what they produce, "technology" and the processes of its origin: "technological process", "technological movement", "technological process", "technological movement", "technological order" improving processes.
ON WRITERS` INDIVIDUAL STYLES IN THE USE OF PUNCTUATION IN LITERATURE
Authors:   Associate Professor Andijan State Institute Of Foreign Languages, Uzbekistan, Egamnazarova D.Sh.
Published: April 2023

This article explores the topic of writers' individual styles in the use of punctuation in English and Uzbek literature; first provides an overview of the role of punctuation in literature and how it can shape the meaning and style of a text. It then examines the unique punctuation styles of prominent English and Uzbek writers, including Virginia Woolf, William Faulkner, Abdullah Qodiriy, and Hamid Ismailov, Erkin Vohidov. The article also delves into how the use of punctuation in literature can be both creative and conventional. Some writers may use more unconventional punctuation to convey emotion and rhythm, while others may use more standard punctuation to convey clarity and precision. Additionally, the ways in which writers' use of punctuation can influence the reader's interpretation of a text, including tone, mood, and pacing are also investigated. Through its analysis of English and Uzbek literary works, it aims to deepen readers' understanding and appreciation of how writers' individual styles in the use of punctuation can shape the meaning and impact of a literary work. By examining the unique punctuation styles of both English and Uzbek writers, readers can gain insights into the broader cultural and linguistic contexts that shape these styles, as well as the creative and technical aspects of writing that contribute to the creation of literary masterpieces.
GENERAL SITUATION AND HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE UZBEKI LANGUAGE AMONG THE UZBEKS OF AFGHANISTAN
Authors:   Basic Doctoral Student Of Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan, Eshnazarovich Norkuchkarov Khushvakt
Published: April 2023

In this article, the general situation of the Uzbek language among the Uzbeks of Afghanistan, the policy of the Afghan government towards the Uzbeks, their number, the migration of Turkic-speaking peoples who are the basis for the Uzbek language in the territory of Afghanistan attention is focused on the historical periods of the tooth.
LATIN IN MEDICAL PRESCRIPTIONS
Authors:   BSc. MT (CCT). MBBS. Bukhara State Medical Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Khan Fatima , Obidovna Djalilova Zarnigor ,   Scientific adviser, EPS teacher, English Language Department Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

This paper briefly discusses the history and significance of Latin language and focuses on its use in prescription writing. Latin continues to be extensively used by physicians and pharmacists. It is a commonly understood language of medical communication all around the world. It has maintained a balance in understanding the prescription and dispensing medication for patients. Well-known and utilized in the history, despite being a dead language it holds a notable and irreplaceable position in the field of medicine.
THE GAME IS PRESENT IN THE LIFE OF EVERY MODERN PRESCHOOL CHILD
Authors:   Gulistan State University Faculty Of Pedagogy 2ND Year Student, Uzbekistan, Anvarovna Ibragimova Gulchekhra
Published: April 2023

The article describes the features of the game of a modern preschooler based on observations in the framework of practical interaction with preschool children, describes the influence of the game on the formation of a child's personality. The components of the game are considered, such as the plot, the role; the preferences of children in choosing the plot. The influence of parents on the preschool child's play is also considered.
TRAUMA OF DISPLACEMENT IN RITA CHOWDHURY'S CHINATOWN DAYS
Authors: Yangchin Lobsang , Ete Doyir
Published: April 2023

Human history is a history of migration. The history of human migration dates back to the beginning of civilization. This movement is ancient; what is interesting is its different theorizations and different deconstructions of it. Migration is an important part of the history of many countries. People have migrated to various countries under different and compelling circumstances. Imperialism and colonial rule are the most common causes of migration in the modern period. Migration as a movement is both voluntary and involuntary. Postcolonial phenomena of migration mostly involved forced or involuntary migration. Reasons for this ranged from war and famine to social, political, and religious conflicts. Voluntary migration involved the search for better livelihood and economic pursuits. Whether voluntary or involuntary, migration often leads to displacement in the host country. Displacement further led to experiences of trauma, nostalgia, anguish, and alienation. Thus, the sense of alienation and displacement became a prevalent existential experience of migrants, particularly in a postcolonial world. This paper will engage with one such experience of trauma and displacement of the Indian Chinese or Assamese Chinese. They faced expulsion and forced displacement during the 1962 Indo-China war. They were attacked, vilified, and targeted due to their ethnicity though many of them had lived in Makum, Assam, for generations. The paper will engage with trauma theories to understand the effects of trauma on the psychology of the Indian Chinese as individuals and study the cultural trauma of the entire community.
SCORING/ INTERPRETATION OF THEMATIC APPERCEPTIVE TECHNIQUES (TATS): A REVIEW
Authors: Lamba Umesh , Lone Dr. Zahoor A.
Published: April 2023

This paper highlights the importance of Thematic Apperceptive Techniques (TATs) in personality assessment and emphasizes that these techniques facilitate articulation, predict behavior in real life settings, contribute to incremental validity, less prone to faking or deliberate deception, and useful in intervention. Also, some issues affecting scientific credentials of these techniques are highlighted, viz., unsystematic use, false assumptions in critical literature, false information in general psychology textbooks, and some general issues which are hindrance in development of these techniques. Need for supportive research is highlighted, and as a step in this direction, this paper presents various scoring/interpretive approaches to TATs, retrieved using two large bibliographic databases, viz., SCOPUS and Google Scholar (GS). This paper is useful for researchers and clinicians who can gain by having knowledge of approaches to TATs evaluation. No such review exists which consolidates TATs in terms of scoring/ interpretation since its introduction, i.e., 1935. Finally, some suggestions for future research are also given.
A STUDY OF EDUCATIONAL THINKING OF GIJUBHAI BADHEKA
AND ITS RELEVANCE IN THE MODERN ERA
Authors: Modi Dr. Pratiksha
Published: April 2023

In this paper, the researcher has discussed Gijubhai's life introduction, personality and the important ideas he gave in the field of education. It deals with various important educational methods offered by them. As Gijubhai has done all the important work to bring change in the field of education and what was his opinion is discussed. At the same time it is said that he created some of his own institutes and carried out child oriented work in that institute. Besides, the educational policies prepared by him are also used in the present times. This paper also discusses what he believed in the practice. It is important to note that parents' responsibility towards their children's education, study structure, teaching methods, mother tongue education, school environment, discipline, value education, examination system, social impact, etc. are discussed in this chapter. came. From which it is concluded that Gijubhai Badheka has always studied keeping in view the interest of the children and his idea of imparting education through various activities has proved to be very appropriate which can prove to be very useful for the children even in the present times.
EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES OF A MIGRANT CHILD IN THE CON-TEXT OF RURAL TO URBAN PARENTAL MIGRATION
Authors: Yadav Neha , Agarwal Sruti
Published: April 2023

This paper is based on a small qualitative case study to understand the conceptions of children of migrant workers about their educational and school experiences. An in-depth open-ended interview was taken with a girl in third grade to understand her conceptions about education and her educa-tional experiences after migration from a rural to an urban setup. Similarly, an open-ended interview was also taken with the girl’s mother to take her perspective and fill in the gaps in the girl’s narra-tive. The data gathered in the study was thematically analysed. The core idea that emerged from the study was that the child’s conceptions and experiences of education share a reciprocal relationship with a) child’s school experience, b) learning assistance outside the school, c) family dynamics /home environment bound by the comparative and contrasting socio-economic contexts encountered due to the process of migration. The study showed that the post-migration child is having all the facilities, peer support, amenities, and teacher support that were lacking in her previous school in the rural area which is instrumental in uplifting her. However, it was also found that a disconnect exists between school and parents and the child is acting as the sole bridge between the two.
REGULATION OF OVER-THE-TOP (OTT) PLATFORMS IN INDIA: THE BATTLE BETWEEN CENSORSHIP AND CREATIVE FREEDOM
Authors: Bhutia Ongmula , Shaji Saumya
Published: April 2023

Every country has practised censorship at some point and it can be seen as either positively or negatively. Censorship can be referred to as various forms of restriction and control, based on the change in the social and political context. The battle between censorship and creative freedom has always existed in various media including television, theatres, print etc and is currently taking place on OTT platforms as well. OTT platforms stand for Over-The-Top platforms. Unlike traditional cable TV providers or theatres, these platforms broadcast their content directly to the viewers through the internet. OTT platform gained massive traction during the pandemic-led lockdown. However, the dramatic rise of the OTT offered content, though appreciable, has also raised the question of censorship. The authors of this paper aim to provide an analysis of how the OTT platforms and the content broadcasted on these platforms are regulated. The objective would be to evaluate how censoring the contents of the OTT platforms are affecting creative freedom. Lastly, this paper outlines the reason why the censorship of the content should not be done and how sometimes in the name of censorship they concealed the realities which are affecting societies.
A CRITICAL STUDY OF THE NATURE AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SHAKESPEAREAN TRAGEDY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO HAMLET
Authors: Vaidya Dr. Yatharth N.
Published: April 2023

Like other tragic dramatists of his time, Shakespeare followed a dramatic tradition which by then had become well established in England. This tradition came partly from the Roman tragic dramatist Seneca, and partly from the medieval ‘mystery’ plays. As a tragic dramatist, worked in this style, though his genius saved him from some of the crudity of Senecan tradition. It was however from this tradition, added to the tradition of the English medieval plays and actual conditions of the Elizabethan stage, that the Elizabethan drama took its form and structure. On the surface therefore we shall not expect a Shakespearean tragedy to look like the plays of Sophocles and Euripides. Like many of Shakespeare’s plays, Hamlet began as rewriting of an older play by an unknown writer. Basically, Hamlet is a story of murder and revenge in the tradition of Seneca, not like Kyd’s Spanish Tragedy. Thousands of books have been written about Hamlet. In the current research paper, the researcher attempts to study critically the Nature and the Characteristics of Shakespearean tragedy with Special reference to Hamlet.
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY: A REVIEW USING BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: . Monika , Dhusia Dr. Devendra Kumar
Published: April 2023

This review paper intends to highlight and outline the previous studies done in the area of workplace spirituality. Since the concept of workplace spirituality is three decades old only, it has garnered a lot of attention from various domains. The bibliometric analysis is done using the SCOPUS database with keywords “Organizational spirituality” or “Workplace Spirituality” or “Spirit at work” or “Spirituality at work”. This search query with a selected filter produced 413 documents for the final bibliometric analysis. The analysis showed the major contribution of two countries; USA and India in terms of the number of articles published. The VosViewer and biblioshiny (R) software have been used to identify the major keywords, themes, and clusters of connected articles. Based on the thematic mapping, authors have tried to find the major themes and gaps for future studies also. The review would help researchers in understanding the major trends and emerging themes in the area of Workplace Spirituality.
PROPOSTA DE TECNOLOGIA ASSISTIVA PARA AUXILIAR INDIVÍDUOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL NA LEITURA GRÁFICA
Authors: Silveira Jéssica Rodrigues , Palomo Katia Guimarães Sousa , Furriel Brunna Carolinne Rocha Silva , Reis Márcio Rodrigues da Cunha , Calixto Wesley Pacheco
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal apresentar proposta de tecnologia assistiva destinada a interpretação de imagens por estudantes com deficiência visual. A metodologia é desenvolvida em duas etapas: i) revisão exploratória de trabalhos acadêmicos e propriedades intelectuais referentes ao uso de tecnologias assistivas por indivíduos com deficiência visual e ii) proposta de tecnologia assistiva para auxiliar indivíduos com deficiência visual na leitura gráfica. Os resultados apresentam as principais tecnologias assistivas utilizadas nas mais diversas áreas, compostas por materiais táteis e audiodescrição, complementadas pelo sistema Braille como ferramenta de escrita e leitura. O modelo proposto absorve os recursos de acessibilidade dos trabalhos estudados, engloba as tecnologias assistivas relacionadas a audiodescrição e materiais táteis, combinadas ao Sistema Braille e insere novos conceitos paraque possa ser utilizado na maioria das áreas do conhecimento. A proposta pode ser utilizada para auxiliar os estudantes na compreensão de conteúdos que envolvem imagens, assim como, promover a autonomia no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos indivíduos com deficiência visual.
MÉTRICA DE DESEMPENHO DA AVALIAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL EM CURSOS TÉCNICOS
Authors: Amaral Fernanda Garcia do , Andrade Maria Eugenia Sebba F. de , Sousa Paulo Cesar de , Soares Rodrigo de Oliveira , Magalhães Alana da Silva , Araújo Wanderson Rainer Hilário de , Reis Márcio Rodrigues da Cunha , Pacheco Calixto Wesley
Published: April 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar o desempenho da avaliação profissional em cursos técnicos da rede de ensino nacional e sistematizar o debate em torno dos resultados obtidos. A metodologia consiste na definição da unidade escolar, do curso técnico a ser analisado e do tratamento dos dados. Os resultados são apresentados a partir da análise estatística descritiva comparando os níveis de desempenho com o quantitativo de discentes que realizam as provas objetivas e práticas. São apresentados os resultados obtidos a partir da aplicação do Índice de Desempenho da Avaliação Profissional, indicando que o modelo do sistema de avaliação em larga escala facilita o entendimento dos dados e colabora para a melhoria do desempenho dos discentes a longo prazo. Este estudo tem a pretensão de auxiliar no decréscimo das dificuldades observadas sobre os sistemas de avaliação de larga escala favorecendo a melhoria do ensino profissionalizante.
Sistemas de producción con café a libre exposición o en sistemas agroforestales
Authors: Farfán-Valencia Francisco Fernando
Published: April 2023

Un sistema de producción agrícola es una actividad dirigida a transformar componentes abióticos como la oferta ambiental en ingresos económicos, mediante componentes bióticos como las variedades cultivadas, ordenados en arreglos espaciales y cronológicos, sometidos a prácticas adecuadas de manejo. La estructura de los sistemas de producción se denomina arreglo y ordena los componentes bióticos en el tiempo y el espacio. El fin de cualquier sistema de producción agrícola es su salida como productos comerciales, estos deben evaluarse para recomendar el mejor sistema en función de sus componentes frente a recursos como el suelo y el clima.
A Collapsar Origin for GRB 211211A Is (Just Barely) Possible
Authors: Barnes Jennifer , Metzger Brian D.
Published: April 2023

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have historically been divided into two classes. Short-duration GRBs are associated with binary neutron star mergers (NSMs), while long-duration bursts are connected to a subset of core-collapse supernovae (SNe). GRB 211211A recently made headlines as the first long-duration burst purportedly generated by an NSM. The evidence for an NSM origin was excess optical and near-infrared emission consistent with the kilonova observed after the gravitational-wave-detected NSM GW170817. Kilonovae derive their unique electromagnetic signatures from the properties of the heavy elements synthesized by rapid neutron capture (the r-process) following the merger. Recent simulations suggest that the “collapsar” SNe that trigger long GRBs may also produce r-process elements. While observations of GRB 211211A and its afterglow rule out an SN typical of those that follow long GRBs, an unusual collapsar could explain both the duration of GRB 211211A and the r-process-powered excess in its afterglow. We use semianalytic radiation transport modeling to evaluate low-mass collapsars as the progenitors of GRB 211211A–like events. We compare a suite of collapsar models to the afterglow-subtracted emission that followed GRB 211211A, and find the best agreement for models with high kinetic energies and an unexpected pattern of 56Ni enrichment. We discuss how core-collapse explosions could produce such ejecta, and how distinct our predictions are from those generated by more straightforward kilonova models. We also show that radio observations can distinguish between kilonovae and the more massive collapsar ejecta we consider here.
Identification of a Helium Donor Star in NGC 247 ULX-1
Authors: Zhou Changxing , Feng Hua , Bian Fuyan
Published: April 2023

With Very Large Telescope Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observations, we detected highly variable helium emission lines from the optical counterpart of the supersoft ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) NGC 247 ULX-1. No Balmer lines can be seen in the source spectrum. This is the first evidence for the presence of a helium donor star in ULXs, consistent with a prediction that helium donor stars may be common in ULXs. The helium lines with an FWHM of about 200 km s−1 are likely produced on the outer accretion disk. Their strong variation implies that the central X-ray source can be significantly obscured to the outer disk. Also, a ring or a double-ring structure is revealed in the MUSE image. It is unknown whether or not it is related to the progenitor of the ULX binary.
Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability at Mars: In Situ Observations and Kinetic Simulations
Authors: Wang Lei , Huang Can , Du Aimin , Ge Yasong , Chen Guo , Yang Zhongwei , Li Songyan , Zhang Kuixiang
Published: April 2023

Kelvin–Helmholtz (K-H) instability is a fundamental boundary instability between two fluids with different speeds, exchanging the mass, momentum, and energy across the boundary. Although the K-H instability has been suggested to play a critical role in atmospheric ion loss on Mars, the knowledge about its formation and evolution is still poor, due to the limitation of spacecraft missions and a dearth of dedicated simulation codes. In this study, we combine observations from the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission and global 3D kinetic simulations to investigate the solar wind–Mars interaction. For the first time, it is found that K-H waves prominently appear in the −E hemisphere, which is attributed to the stronger proton velocity shear therein associated with the asymmetric diamagnetic drift motion of protons. The K-H instability is mainly excited in the −E hemisphere and propagates downstream along the boundary, with the waves also able to be generated near the subsolar point. The K-H waves produce plasma clouds with a net oxygen ion escape rate of about 1.5 × 1024 s−1, contributing to almost half of the global loss on present-day Mars. This heavy ion escape pattern associated with K-H instability is cyclic and could occur on other nonmagnetized planets, potentially influencing planetary atmosphere evolution and habitability.
Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Using N-BEATS
Authors: Su Xu , Liang Bo , Feng Song , Dai Wei , Yang Yunfei
Published: April 2023

Solar activities lead to Sun variation with an 11 yr periodicity. The periodic variation affects space weather and heliophysics research. So it is important to accurately predict solar cycle variations. In this paper, we predicted the ongoing Solar Cycle 25 using neural basis expansion analysis for the interpretable time series deep learning method. 13 months of smoothed monthly total sunspot numbers taken by sunspot Index and Long-term Solar Observations are selected to train and evaluate our model. We used root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute time lag (MATL) to evaluate our model performance. RMSE and MATL measure the difference between our predicted values and the actual values along the Y- and X-axis, respectively. The RMSE value is 26.62 ± 1.56 and the MATL value is 1.34 ± 0.35, demonstrating that our model is able to better predict sunspot number variation. Finally, we predicted the variation of the sunspot numbers for Solar Cycle 25 using the model. The sunspot number of Solar Cycle 25 will peak around 2024 February with an amplitude of 133.9 ± 7.2. This means that Solar Cycle 25 will be slightly more intense than Solar Cycle 24.
Thermodynamic and Magnetic Topology Evolution of the X1.0 Flare on 2021 October 28 Simulated by a Data-driven Radiative Magnetohydrodynamic Model
Authors: Guo J. H. , Ni Y. W. , Zhong Z. , Guo Y. , Xia C. , Li H. T. , Poedts S. , Schmieder B. , Chen P. F.
Published: April 2023

Solar filament eruptions, flares, and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are manifestations of drastic releases of energy in the magnetic field, which are related to many eruptive phenomena, from the Earth’s magnetosphere to black hole accretion disks. With the availability of high-resolution magnetograms on the solar surface, observational data-based modeling is a promising way to quantitatively study the underlying physical mechanisms behind observations. By incorporating thermal conduction and radiation losses in the energy equation, we develop a new data-driven radiative magnetohydrodynamic model, which has the capability of capturing the thermodynamic evolution compared to our previous zero-β model. Our numerical results reproduce the major observational characteristics of the X1.0 flare on 2021 October 28 in NOAA active region 12887, including the morphology of the eruption, the kinematics of the flare ribbons, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiations, and the two components of the EUV waves predicted by the magnetic stretching model, i.e., a fast-mode shock wave and a slower apparent wave, due to successive stretching of the magnetic field lines. Moreover, some intriguing phenomena are revealed in the simulation. We find that flare ribbons separate initially and ultimately stop at the outer stationary quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs). Such outer QSLs correspond to the border of the filament channel and determine the final positions of flare ribbons, which can be used to predict the size and the lifetime of a flare before it occurs. In addition, the side views of the synthesized EUV and white-light images exhibit typical three-part structures of CMEs, where the bright leading front is roughly cospatial with the nonwave component of the EUV wave, reinforcing the use of the magnetic stretching model for the slow component of EUV waves.
Can the Gravitational Effect of Planet X be Detected in Current-era Tracking of the Known Major and Minor Planets?
Authors: Gomes Daniel C. H. , Murray Zachary , Gomes Rafael C. H. , Holman Matthew J. , Bernstein Gary M.
Published: April 2023

Using Fisher information matrices, we forecast the uncertainties σ

M
on the measurement of a “Planet X” at heliocentric distance d

X
via its tidal gravitational field’s action on the known planets. Using planetary measurements currently in hand, including ranging from the Juno, Cassini, and Mars-orbiting spacecraft, we forecast a median uncertainty (over all sky positions) of

σ

M

=
0.22

M

⊕

(

d

x

/

400

au

)

3

.

A 5σ detection of a 5 M
⊕ Planet X at d

X
= 400 au should be possible over the full sky but over only 5% of the sky at d

X
= 800 au. The gravity of an undiscovered Earth- or Mars-mass object should be detectable over 90% of the sky to a distance of 260 or 120 au, respectively. Upcoming Mars ranging improves these limits only slightly. We also investigate the power of high-precision astrometry of ≈8000 Jovian Trojans over the 2023–2035 period from the upcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). We find that the dominant systematic errors in optical Trojan astrometry (photocenter motion, nongravitational forces, and differential chromatic refraction) can be solved internally with minimal loss of information. The Trojan data allow cross-checks with Juno/Cassini/Mars ranging, but do not significantly improve the best achievable σ

M
values until they are ≳10× more accurate than expected from LSST. The ultimate limiting factor in searches for a Planet X tidal field is confusion with the tidal field created by the fluctuating quadrupole moment of the Kuiper Belt as its members orbit. This background will not, however, become the dominant source of uncertainty until the data get substantially better than they are today.
Sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease: from bench to bedside
Authors: Kim Da Woon , Song Sang Heon
Published: April 2023

Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by a loss of muscle mass and function. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), where a chronic catabolic state exists, sarcopenia commonly occurs through various mechanisms, resulting in muscle wasting and decreased muscle endurance. Sarcopenic patients with CKD have high morbidity and mortality rates. Indeed, the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia are mandatory. An imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation in muscle and increased oxidative stress and inflammation persist in CKD and induce muscle wasting. In addition, uremic toxins negatively affect muscle maintenance. A variety of potential therapeutic drugs targeting these muscle-wasting mechanisms in CKD have been investigated, but most of the trials focused on aged patients without CKD, and none of these drugs have been approved for the treatment of sarcopenia so far. Further studies on the molecular mechanisms of sarcopenia in CKD and targets for potential therapeutics are needed to improve the outcomes of sarcopenic patients with CKD.
Influence of an abnormal ankle-brachial index on ischemic and bleeding events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Kim Hangyul , Lee Seung Do , Lee Hyo Jin , Kim Hye Ree , Kim Kyehwan , Koh Jin-Sin , Hwang Seok-Jae , Hwang Jin-Yong , Ahn Jong-Hwa , Park Yongwhi , Jeong Young-Hoon , Park Jeong Rang , Kang Min Gyu
Published: April 2023

Background/Aims: Bleeding events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have important prognostic implications. Data on the influence of an abnormal ankle-brachial index (ABI) on both ischemic and bleeding events in patients undergoing PCI are limited.Methods: We included patients who underwent PCI with available ABI data (abnormal ABI, ≤ 0.9 or > 1.4). The primary endpoint was the composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and major bleeding.Results: Among 4,747 patients, an abnormal ABI was observed in 610 patients (12.9%). During follow-up (median, 31 months), the 5-year cumulative incidence of adverse clinical events was higher in the abnormal ABI group than in the normal ABI group: primary endpoint (36.0% vs. 14.5%, log-rank test, p < 0.001); all-cause death (19.4% vs. 5.1%, log-rank test, p < 0.001); MI (6.3% vs. 4.1%, log-rank test, p = 0.013); stroke (6.2% vs. 2.7%, log-rank test, p = 0.001); and major bleeding (8.9% vs. 3.7%, log-rank test, p < 0.001). An abnormal ABI was an independent risk factor for all-cause death (hazard ratio [HR], 3.05; p < 0.001), stroke (HR, 1.79; p = 0.042), and major bleeding (HR, 1.61; p = 0.034).Conclusions: An abnormal ABI is a risk factor for both ischemic and bleeding events after PCI. Our study findings may be helpful in determining the optimal method for secondary prevention after PCI.
Préface
Authors: Faure Dominique
Published: April 2023

Dominique Faure est la ministre déléguée chargée des Collectivités territoriales et de la Ruralité depuis novembre 2022. Auprès de Christophe Béchu, ministre de la Transition écologique et de la Cohésion des territoires, et de Gérald Darmanin, ministre de l’Intérieur et des Outremer, elle conduit un dialogue exigeant avec les collectivités territoriales pour mettre en œuvre l’action publique territorialisée. Cette politique territoriale place la question de la proximité au cœur de son action, par souci d’écoute des besoins du territoire et de construction d’une réponse au plus près des Français. Le préfet en est le principal acteur, dans son dialogue quotidien avec les acteurs du territoire, au service du dynamisme et de la vivacité de nos communes et de nos entreprises.
La proximité, un moyen devenu une fin pour l’administration territoriale de l’État
Authors: Jacob Olivier
Published: April 2023

Aussi ancienne qu’elle soit, la notion de proximité suscite aujourd’hui un fort regain d’intérêt, sous une forme nouvelle. Traditionnellement vue comme un moyen plutôt qu’une fin, la proximité a été impactée, au cours des dernières décennies, par les réformes de l’administration territoriale de l’État (ATE). Désormais considérée comme un enjeu stratégique, la proximité est aujourd’hui au cœur des principaux projets qui structureront l’ATE pour les années à venir.
La proximité dans l’exercice des missions de police
Authors: Veaux Frédéric
Published: April 2023

La police nationale est engagée pour renforcer le lien de confiance avec la population. Cette mobilisation s’opère par la présence sur la voie publique, la place donnée aux partenariats, l’accueil des usagers dans les commissariats, le soutien des victimes, une offre de service en ligne, la réserve opérationnelle, ainsi qu’une communication ouverte et novatrice.
La proximité dans la Gendarmerie, un cercle vertueux
Authors: Rodriguez Christian
Published: April 2023

La proximité est au cœur du modèle de la Gendarmerie. Pour bien protéger la population, il faut la connaître, mais aussi être présent, visible et accessible sur la voie publique. La stratégie GEND 20.24 vise ainsi à proposer aux Français une protection sur mesure, adaptée à leurs attentes comme aux spécificités de chaque territoire. Pour cela, la Gendarmerie s’appuie sur son réseau de brigades territoriales qu’elle renforce. Dans le cadre de la LOPMI, elle crée 200 brigades nouvelles dont l’implantation sera déterminée par les besoins de la population. La Gendarmerie développe aussi un nouveau paradigme opérationnel, le « aller vers », soit plus de mobilité pour plus de proximité. À cet égard, le numérique et les IA constituent une opportunité majeure, dès lors qu’ils sont au service de l’humain. Car, en définitive, c’est bien l’humain qui assure le « dernier kilomètre ».
L’emploi, une affaire de proximité
Authors: Basseres Jean
Published: April 2023

Établissement public national, Pôle emploi n’en demeure pas moins un acteur de proximité, condition nécessaire pour répondre efficacement aux besoins de ses usagers, demandeurs d’emploi comme entreprises. Les spécificités démographiques, géographiques et socio-économiques des territoires influent en effet très fortement sur l’accès à l’emploi, comme en témoignent les écarts constatés du nombre de demandeurs d’emploi d’une région à une autre, voire au sein d’un même bassin de vie.
Le temps est venu de penser l’école de la pensée
Authors: Bouvier Alain
Published: April 2023

La crise sanitaire a appelé à des remises à plat des organismes publics et privés. Par ailleurs, la réforme de l’État, donc aussi de l’Éducation nationale, se poursuit. Le moment est donc opportun pour rêver d’une nouvelle école, basée sur la proximité, le numérique et l’innovation des équipes, comme évoqué dans cet essai : L’école de mes rêves. Nouveaux propos d’un mocking bird (éd. L’Harmattan, coll. Aurora).
Justice et proximité : illustration par la justice civile
Authors: Cazanave Gilles
Published: April 2023

Rapprocher la justice des citoyens. Telle est la visée du « plan d’actions » que le garde des sceaux a exposé le 5 janvier 2023. La justice avait été faite priorité du premier quinquennat. À l’occasion des « chantiers de la justice », le Premier ministre, Édouard Philippe, avait rappelé en 2017 que « dans un État de droit, rien n’est possible sans une justice forte ; si elle est lente, lointaine ou inégalitaire, ou même seulement trop complexe, la confiance se trouve fragilisée ». L’institution est complexe : cinq grands réseaux (judiciaire général, prud’homal, commercial, administratif, financier) 2 , cinq sortes de magistrats, trois types et deux ordres de juridictions, huit principaux codes de procédures. Il faut dégager les voies de la proximité au défi de cette complexité, seuls des ajustements apparaissant possibles à proche échéance (la carte des Cours d’appel, la réunion de fonctions gestionnaires et administratives en un lieu par département et région). Rendre la justice selon des proximités pertinentes est une ambition nécessaire et délicate, une affaire urgente mais de longue haleine, qui doit emprunter plusieurs voies visant à être concordantes.
Santé de proximité : pour un service public territorial de santé
Authors: Bizard Frédéric
Published: April 2023

Le délitement des principaux services publics a des répercussions sociales, politiques et économiques dans la plupart des territoires de la République. Les difficultés croissantes d’accès à la santé (soins et bonne santé) s’inscrivent dans ce délitement d’un pilier du bien commun, qui a été une vraie force dans la société française du XX e  siècle. La solution viendra de la reconstruction du système à partir du socle historique de la notion de service public, en l’adaptant aux défis contemporains de la santé.
La proximité à la Poste, une nécessité du XXI e siècle
Authors: Imbert Yannick
Published: April 2023

Depuis plus de 600 ans, La Poste est dans l’ADN des territoires. Par son maillage exceptionnel de 17 000 points de contact dans toute la France, par la présence quotidienne de ses 250 000 postiers, par l’accueil de 900 000 personnes par jour dans ses bureaux de poste, par la livraison de 2,6 milliards de colis par an, par ses quatre missions de service public, La Poste est inscrite dans la vie quotidienne de nos concitoyens. La proximité est son métier.
Subsidiarité et proximité en droit de l’Union européenne
Authors: Hardy Gaëlle
Published: April 2023

Issue de la philosophie politique et de la doctrine sociale de l’Église catholique, la subsidiarité favorise l’autonomie de décision des institutions qui sont les plus proches des individus. Reprise en droit de l’Union européenne, qui en fait un principe, elle implique que les États membres conservent les pouvoirs qu’ils sont capables de gérer plus efficacement eux-mêmes et transfèrent à l’Union ceux qu’ils ne sont pas à même d’exercer convenablement. La question se pose, dès lors, de savoir si le principe de subsidiarité, tel qu’il est conçu en droit de l’Union européenne, n’est qu’une simple et fidèle transposition juridique de l’impératif politique de proximité.
Voies et moyens du recentrage de la coopération internationale vers la gouvernance locale
Authors: Zahra Bernard
Published: April 2023

La coopération internationale s’est intéressée à la gouvernance locale dans des pays du Sud en perdant ses illusions sur les bienfaits automatiques qu’apporterait une aide financière dont bénéficient en fait moins les populations locales que les gouvernants. La course à la croissance chiffrée a laissé peu à peu place à une aspiration, plus qualitative, au développement incluant sa dimension locale. Dans ce contexte de changement est apparue la notion de conditionnalité de l’aide au développement. La gouvernance publique, notamment locale, est désormais prise en considération par les bailleurs internationaux. En France, la coopération décentralisée, puissant facteur d’influences locales au Sud de notre monde, se développe en partenariat avec l’État.
La proximité au cœur de l’intervention de la Banque des Territoires
Authors: Rossat-Mignod Gisèle
Published: April 2023

La Banque des Territoires se veut au plus proche des besoins des territoires, pour répondre au plus juste aux grands enjeux locaux de transformation écologique et de cohésion sociale auxquels ils sont confrontés. Depuis sa création, elle a renforcé et étendu son réseau en conséquence. Cette proximité se traduit au quotidien dans ses interventions pour : - accompagner les projets des collectivités ; - réduire la fracture numérique et faciliter l’accès aux services publics ; - transformer les centres-villes et le commerce de proximité ; - moderniser les secteurs sanitaires et médico-sociaux.