bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of tumor stem cells and the immune microenvironment in the pathogenesis of lung cancer: mechanisms of interaction and research prospects
Authors: Kharagezov D. A. , Antonyan A. A. , Zlatni E. Yu. , Sagakyants A. B. , Mirzoyan E. A. , Ayrapetova T. G. , Leyman I. A. , Milakin A. G. , Stateshny O. N. , Iozefi K. D. , Homidov M. A. , Alekseev E. A.
Published: December 2024

Despite significant advances in the treatment of malignant neoplasms, the issue of therapy resistance mediated by cancer stem cells (CSCs) necessitates the development of new treatment strategies. Studying the role of CSCs and the immune microenvironment in the pathogenesis of cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is a pressing issue in modern oncology. This paper is based on an extensive analysis of recent research and aims to study the mechanisms underlying the development of NSCLC.

The origin of CSCs, their markers, and the main signaling pathways involved in regulating their activity are considered. Special attention is paid to the influence of CSCs on the progression of lung cancer and the mechanisms underlying their therapy-mediated resistance. Various approaches to treating lung cancer targeting CSCs, focusing on targeted therapy aimed at specific molecular targets, are highlighted.

The important role of the tumor immune microenvironment in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and its impact on CSCs is emphasized. Mechanisms of immune response regulation in tumors and the potential use of immunotherapy to improve lung cancer treatment outcomes are discussed. The article also reviews modern diagnostic and treatment methods, including molecular-genetic and immunohistochemical approaches.

This paper work represents a review of current knowledge on the mechanisms of lung cancer development and is significant for understanding tumor biology and developing new treatment methods. The need for an interdisciplinary approach and comprehensive use of modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods to improve the prognosis and survival rates of NSCLC patients is emphasized. Special attention is given to the prospects of using combined therapeutic approaches, including targeted drugs and immunotherapy, aimed at suppressing CSC activity and modifying the tumor microenvironment.

In conclusion, a deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating CSC activity and their interaction with the tumor microenvironment opens new opportunities for developing effective treatment strategies. This review underscores the need for further research in this area to ensure more successful treatment and improved quality of life for lung cancer patients.
Análisis de los Factores que contribuyen a la Obesidad Infantil en Chetumal, Quintana Roo: Un Enfoque en el Sedentarismo, Consumo de Alimentos Ultraprocesados, uso de Dispositivos Electrónicos y las Estrategias para promover Hábitos Saludables
Authors: Rodríguez Alamilla Karla Viridiana
Published: December 2024

La investigación aborda la problemática de la obesidad infantil en Chetumal, Quintana Roo, centrándose en los factores de riesgo asociados, como el sedentarismo, el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y la influencia de la publicidad dirigida a menores. La obesidad infantil en México, y específicamente en esta región, ha alcanzado niveles alarmantes, afectando la salud física y emocional de los niños y aumentando el riesgo de enfermedades crónicas en la adultez. La investigación utilizó un enfoque documental para analizar fuentes secundarias relevantes y describir las tendencias y factores que contribuyen al desarrollo de obesidad en esta población infantil. Los resultados destacan el papel crítico del sedentarismo, agravado por el uso excesivo de dispositivos electrónicos, y de la mercadotecnia de alimentos no saludables en los patrones de consumo infantil. Se propone implementar políticas que limiten el acceso a productos no saludables, aumenten los espacios seguros para la actividad física y promuevan la educación nutricional en escuelas y hogares. Las recomendaciones incluyen el fortalecimiento de la regulación de publicidad dirigida a menores y la colaboración intersectorial entre el gobierno, escuelas y padres para fomentar hábitos de vida saludables. La implementación de estas estrategias podría mitigar el crecimiento de la obesidad infantil en Chetumal y contribuir a una generación más saludable.
Impacto del Mindfulness en el Contexto Educativo Universitario: Una Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Muñoz Mirabá Elena Ileana
Published: December 2024

La educación actual requiere de la aplicación de métodos que se ajusten a las necesidades sociales y pedagógicas del siglo XXI. Un método actual que es aplicado en diferentes ámbitos, entre ellos el educativo, es el mindfulness, que se caracteriza por promover la atención plena y concentración, por esta razón, este estudio presenta como objetivo analizar diversas investigaciones existentes respecto al impacto del mindfulness en el contexto educativo universitario. La metodología utilizada fue la revisión sistemática de nivel descriptivo, para este fin se revisó las bases de datos de investigación científica como Scopus, Google Scholar y Scielo, descartando artículos de menor interés, se consideró 17 artículos de 182 elegidos inicialmente. Como conclusión se presenta que los programas basados en las prácticas mindfulness mejoran significativamente el aprendizaje, permiten enfrentar desafíos emocionales, desarrollar la autorregulación de emociones y mejoran el entorno educativo de enseñanza, lo que permite un desarrollo cognitivo, físico, emocional y social.
Plan de Mejora en Gestiones Administrativas del Proceso de Prácticas Pre Profesionales en Estudiantes de Universidad Estatal de Milagro, ciudad de Milagro
Authors: Rojas Alcívar Johanna Paola
Published: December 2024

El proceso de prácticas pre profesionales es uno de los puntos cruciales en la formación profesional de los estudiantes de Universidad Estatal de Milagro, ya que el objetivo es incluir todo lo aprendido (conocimientos teóricos y adquiridos) en el transcurso de sus estudios, en el ámbito laboral, por consiguiente, la gestión administrativa de las practicas pre profesionales enfrenta un sin número de desafíos, lo que hace que el proceso de prácticas pre profesionales sea de baja calidad en la satisfacción de los estudiantes y las empresas/instituciones. La presente investigación propone un plan de mejora de gestiones administrativas del proceso de prácticas pre profesionales, en los estudiantes de Universidad Estatal de Milagro, ciudad Milagro, durante el periodo abril-agosto 2024, para cumplir con aquello se implementó un tipo de instrumento cuestionario/encuesta, respecto a un grupo de estudiantes, y colaboradores de las diferentes empresas. Entre las sugerencias o estrategias del plan de mejora, diseñar un plan de mejora que incluya implementar la centralización de la información (asignación, seguimiento y evaluación), capacitación constante tanto para los estudiantes como los colaboradores que aborde aspectos éticos y prácticos, fortalecer la consolidación en el sector empresarial.
El Impacto de los Tratados de Libre Comercio en el Desarrollo Económico: Un Análisis Comparativo
Authors: Vega Piedra Paola Elizabeth , Machado Espinosa Franco Agustín
Published: December 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto de los Tratados de Libre Comercio (TLC) en el desarrollo económico, social y ambiental, a través de un análisis comparativo de diversos acuerdos internacionales. La metodología aplicada sigue el enfoque PRISMA. Este enfoque permite identificar patrones y variaciones en los resultados obtenidos por los países firmantes, y evaluar la calidad de la evidencia disponible. Las categorías de análisis incluyen los impactos económicos, sociales, ambientales y las perspectivas regionales y globales de los TLC. Los principales hallazgos sugieren que los TLC han impulsado el crecimiento económico y el comercio internacional, especialmente en economías desarrolladas, al facilitar la integración en las cadenas de valor globales y aumentar las exportaciones. Sin embargo, los beneficios de estos acuerdos no han sido distribuidos de manera equitativa, ya que los países en desarrollo, aunque han visto un crecimiento en algunos sectores, también han enfrentado desafíos significativos en términos de competitividad y diversificación económica. Además, los efectos sociales sido mixtos, con un aumento de la desigualdad en los ingresos y una mayor vulnerabilidad para los trabajadores informales y los sectores rurales. El estudio concluye que, para maximizar los beneficios de los TLC, es esencial adoptar un enfoque más inclusivo y sostenible, con políticas que promuevan la equidad social, la protección ambiental y la justicia económica, garantizando una distribución más equitativa de los beneficios del comercio.
Secure Supply Chain Information Interchange using Distributed Trust Backbone
Authors: Pruksasri Potchara , Khummanee Suchart
Published: December 2024

International trade requires transparent visibility of the goods transportation. High-quality data related to containers is essential for container movement across the border speed. However, customs and port authorities face information incorrectness and inconsistency, which are significant determinants that decrease the performance of container clearance in supply chain activities. The Seamless Integrated Data Pipeline principle has been proposed to overcome the mentioned data quality shortcomings and enhance supply chain visibility. Based on the Data Pipeline idea, we proposed the Distributed Trust Backbone (DTB) as a model of secure information exchange between parties within the supply chain activity. However, the supply chain data is highly dynamic. Access control on dynamic resources is the key to enabling secure data exchange and clear visibility. We take this challenge up in this paper. We propose an access control mechanism based on the supply chain Data Pipeline concept and apply it to the DTB model. The elaboration on the concrete detail of the system is presented in this paper. The prototype has been developed and performed in the simulation tests. It reduces 58% of requesting data for supply chain activities. The results of the experiments show that our proposed method performs 100% access control to data with BigO(1) accessing the Access Control List. It can ensure that the information for decision-making in the supply chain is of high quality. The supply chain visibility is clearer and speeds up a modern information exchange system of supply chains.
Tras las Huellas de Blaschko: Presentación Inusual de Mosaicismo Pigmentario tipo Ito e Hipertricosis en un Paciente Pediátrico
Authors: Castillo Luis , Quesada Marta
Published: December 2024

Introducción: El mosaicismo pigmentario tipo Ito es una compleja entidad clínica que engloba manifestaciones cutáneas y extracutáneas. Caso Clínico: Presentamos un caso de un niño de 5 años con mosaicismo pigmentario tipo Ito y hipertricosis marcada, un hallazgo poco común. Destacamos su historia clínica y desarrollo, subrayando la necesidad de una evaluación completa. Analizamos las técnicas diagnósticas, incluidos los análisis genéticos y la histopatología. Discutimos los criterios diagnósticos propuestos y la importancia de la educación para pacientes y familias. Este caso resalta la complejidad del mosaicismo pigmentario tipo Ito y su enfoque multidisciplinario en la atención clínica, contribuyendo al entendimiento y manejo de esta entidad única.
KOMODIFIKASI KONTEN VISUAL PEMAIN DIASPORA DI AKUN INSTAGRAM @TIMNASINDONESIA
Authors: Melano Fiqie Lavani , Abdullah Nisa Nurmauliddiana , Adim Adrio Kusmareza
Published: December 2024

Dalam era digital, media sosial, khususnya Instagram, menjadi alat komunikasi penting bagi organisasi olahraga termasuk Persatuan Sepak Bola Seluruh Indonesia (PSSI). Penelitian ini menganalisis komodifikasi pemain diaspora di akun Instagram resmi @timnasindonesia melalui pendekatan semiotika Roland Barthes. Fokusnya adalah pada konten visual yang menampilkan pemain diaspora setelah pertandingan melawan Filipina, di mana logo sponsor seperti Bank Mandiri sering terlihat. Metode kualitatif digunakan untuk mengkaji makna denotatif dan konotatif dari elemen visual dalam konten tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemain diaspora dikomodifikasi sebagai produk komersial dengan nilai ekonomis dan simbolis. Konten visual yang menampilkan logo sponsor dan teks yang mendukung menciptakan narasi yang menekankan dukungan finansial dan prestasi nasional, memperkuat citra pemain sebagai ikon nasional dan duta merek. Penelitian ini juga menyoroti adanya pergeseran fungsi akun Instagram PSSI dari sekadar memberikan informasi netral menjadi platform komersial yang mengintegrasikan kepentingan bisnis. Dominasi konten yang menampilkan pemain diaspora dibandingkan pemain lokal menunjukkan adanya prioritas komersial, yang mengaburkan representasi adil dari pemain lokal. Temuan ini sejalan dengan teori komodifikasi Vincent Mosco, mengindikasikan bahwa nilai informasi diubah menjadi alat pemasaran untuk tujuan komersial, mengubah cara audiens berinteraksi dengan konten dan mengalihkan fokus dari informasi murni menjadi promosi komersial. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan tentang strategi komunikasi visual PSSI dan dampaknya terhadap persepsi publik serta nilai komersial konten.
KERJA SAMA CHINA-UNI EROPA MELALUI CHINA-EUROPEAN UNION EMISSION TRADING SYSTEM PROJECT DALAM MENGURANGI EMISI KARBON DI CHINA TAHUN 2014-2021
Authors: Ardi Sambodo Rafii , Satrio Jati
Published: December 2024

Pasar karbon di China merupakan langkah baru dalam mengurangi emisi CO2 dan mencegah perubahan iklim. China menerapkan pasar karbon melalui Emission Trading System (ETS) sebagai mekanisme pengurangan emisi dengan biaya rendah. Dalam pembangunan skema pasar karbon di China ini bekerja sama dengan Uni Eropa sebagai partner utama untuk kemudian memaksimalkan pasar karbon serta untuk memperluas pasar karbon diantara keduanya. Penelitian ini menganalisis implementasi kerja sama China-Uni Eropa melalui China-EU ETS Project tahun 2014-2021. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan fokus pada kerja sama internasional dan konsep pasar karbon. Penelitian ini berangkat dari pemikiran bahwa China memerlukan kerja sama dengan Uni Eropa dalam mengurangi emisi karbon. Kemudian, dilanjutkan dengan bentuk kerja sama melalui China-EU ETS Project periode 2014-2021sehingga mencapai hasil kerja sama melalui China-EU ETS Project periode 2014-2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerja sama China-Uni Eropa tekait China-EU ETS dilakukan melalui 2 fase, dengan fase pertama yang tidak mencapai hasil yang maksimal. Kemudian dilanjutkan kerja sama fase kedua mencakup mempercepat keseluruhan perencanaan pasar karbon nasional. Dalam kerja sama ini, Uni Eropa memberikan bantuan kepada China dalam bentuk program dan kebijakan melalui lembaga-lembaga independen Uni Eropa yang bekerja sama dengan pemerintah China. Kemudian kerja sama dihadapkan oleh sejumlah tantangan yang berdampak pada relevansi sistem perdagangan emisi (ETS) yang sedang dibangun, meliputi perbedaan politik dan budaya, perubahan preferensi CCD di NDRC dari (Training of Trainers) ke pelatihan langsung, peralihan tanggung jawab pemerintah China dalam isu perubahan iklim (termasuk ETS) dipindahkan dari NDRC ke MEE, serta pandemi COVID-19 yang berdampak besar pada proyek China-EU ETS. Meskipun terdapat tantangan, kerja sama ini berhasil dalam mengembangkan pasar karbon di China secara nasional dan memperkuat komitmen kedua pihak dalam mitigasi perubahan iklim. Kerja sama ini membuktikan kesuksesan dalam mengurangi emisi karbon untuk industrinya, namun untuk emisi karbon secara keseluruhan di China masih cukup tinggi.
REPRESENTASI PEREMPUAN CANTIK DAN GAYA HIDUP KONSUMTIF PADA MAHASISWA MUSLIM FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL UIN SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Sari Sinta Maya , Susanti Neila
Published: December 2024

Pada zaman sekarang, perempuan cantik sering digambarkan dengan kriteria-kriteria tertentu yang banyak beredar di media sosial serta di lingkungan masyarakat. Hal tersebut sangat memberikan pengaruh dikalangan mahasiswi, dimana mereka mulai mengikuti apa yang menjadi kriteria cantik tersebut sehingga timbul perilaku konsumtif dalam pembelian maupun penggunaan barang dan produk kecantikan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni metode kualitattif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana representasi perempuan cantik dan praktik gaya hidup konsumtif di kalangan mahasiswi fakultas ilmu sosial UIN Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswi yang terlibat dalam perilaku konsumtif lebih cenderung membeli dan menggunakan berbagai barang serta produk kecantikan untuk memenuhi ekspektasi masyarakat dan mencapai penampilan yang mereka inginkan, sebagian dari mereka juga tidak memperdulikan biaya yang harus dikeluarkan. Penelitian ini menyoroti sejauh mana para mahasiswi memprioritaskan untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan standar kecantikan masyarakat.
Le chantier-école d’Archivistes sans frontières-France au Burkina Faso : premiers pas internationaux dans la vie d’une jeune professionnelle des archives
Authors: Guilbert--Tetart Anne-Élise
Published: December 2024

En 2018, Archivistes Sans Frontières-France (ASF-France) lance le projet des chantiers-écoles au Burkina Faso dont l’objectif est de participer à la formation de jeunes professionnels des archives de l’École nationale d’administration et de magistrature (ENAM). Pendant deux semaines, les élèves-fonctionnaires réalisent au sein d’une institution burkinabè une mission de sauvetage d’archives. Un partenariat a lieu avec le master d’archivistique de l’Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Université Paris-Saclay depuis septembre 2020) : à la fin de leur formation universitaire, de nouveaux diplômés peuvent prendre part à cette expérience. Dans cet article est abordée l’histoire d’ASF-France et de ces chantiers-écoles qui ont marqué plusieurs générations d’archivistes burkinabè et français. Ces expériences sont toujours riches d’échanges, de découvertes et de nouvelles pratiques. Confrontation entre deux manières de concevoir et conserver les archives, sont alors acquises de nombreuses compétences de terrain qui seront utiles tout au long de la vie professionnelle. Un focus est consacré au chantier-école de septembre 2021 qui s’est déroulé à l’ENAM, mettant en avant les missions de traitement des archives et d’audit de la fonction archives au sein de cette École. Expérience humaine vécue il y a plus de deux ans, un retour d’expérience porte sur les compétences acquises qui, aujourd’hui, sont utiles en tant que jeune professionnelle des archives.
Editorial Expression of Concern
Authors: Fritz Uwe
Published: December 2024

Editorial Expression of Concern
Transformation of plastic debris to microplastics: An approximate analysis of mangrove environments
Authors: Ramón Laines Canepa José , Aurelio Sosa Olivier José , Alejandro Padilla-Rivera , Roberto Hernández Barajas José , Meled Morales-Rodríguez Neil Ebeth , Manuel Burelo Ramos Carlos , de los Monteros Alejandra Elvira Espinosa , Gabriel Núñez-Nogueira
Published: December 2024

Mangrove ecosystems serve as critical natural filters and retention points for continental waste entering the sea, making them primary accumulation sites for solid waste, such as plastics. These plastics undergo transformation from macroplastics to microplastics through weathering. We investigated the resistance and degradation process of plastic waste in the mangrove swamp of the Botanical Garden at the Autonomous University of Carmen, focusing specifically on its transformation into microplastics over time. By quantifying the collected waste and identifying by-products, we evaluated the degradation process of these materials, which impact the environment and become microplastics. Our analysis provided a detailed approximation of this transformation process through the quantification and examination of collected waste and its by-products. We explored the degradation dynamics and their environmental ramifications. Using data derived from collected waste samples, we estimated an annual generation of 12,300 kg of plastic waste and 1,351 kg of microplastics. This latter figure represents 11% of the total annual plastic waste, posing a significant threat to the biodiversity and ecological balance of mangroves. Our findings underscore the urgent need for more effective and sustainable waste management practices within these critical ecosystems. Furthermore, this research emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring and investigation of degradation processes to better understand the long-term effects of plastic pollution on mangrove environments and to develop effective strategies to mitigate its adverse impacts.
Alpine Texstile Heritage
Authors: Šrimpf Vendramin Katarina , Guillon Pauline , Rinallo Diego , Bajuk Senčar Tatiana , Sekrnik Kati , Gruber Verena , Pizzetti Marta , Leite Farias Miriam , Kolenc Petra , Logar Erik , Huzjan Vanja , Demšar Marija , Kasper Michael
Published: December 2024

Alpine Textile Heritage: An Overview is a comprehensive exploration of the rich textile history, traditions, and innovations in the Alpine region, addressing the fragmented knowledge across local, regional, and national levels. Published by ZRC SAZU in collaboration with partners of Intrreg Alpine Space project AlpTextyles, the book offers a historical overview of the development of the textile industry, from prehistory to the present day. It also examines the production and use of wool, linen, and silk, highlighting traditional practices, contemporary applications, and the living intangible cultural heritage associated with textile production. By exploring aesthetics, costume heritage, and resource-sensitive traditions, it reveals how these elements can inspire modern circular practices. The research also shows how resource sensitivity rooted in local customs can inspire current circular practice, highlighting key milestones and traditional aspects of textile production to promote sustainability across the industry.
Health Economics and Sustainability in the Era of Digital Transformation
Authors: Gupta Priyanka , Lakhera Girish , Sharma Manu , Joshi Sudhanshu
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the aspect of Economic evaluation of implementing Digital Health, Digital Stress, and Digital Transformation technologies in the context of Systems Sustainability challenge in healthcare systems. Leveraging smart technologies such as AI, IoT, Blockchain, healthcare systems are witnessing unprecedented Digital Transformations in cost efficiency and service delivery. The key aspect addressed is the impact of Digital Transformation healthcare systems, including the challenges pose by Techno Invasion, the over penetration of technology into personal and professional spaces, leading to increased Digital Stress for Healthcare professionals. It also highlights the importance of achieving a balance between innovation and workforce sustainability, with strategies to mitigate the negative effects of digital overload while maximizing the benefits of smart healthcare solutions. Also emphasized the importance of balancing technological integration with human wellbeing.
Innovative Financing Models and Future Directions in Healthcare
Authors: Chahal Bhupinder Pal Singh , Sharma Umang , Bansal Bhumika
Published: December 2024

This study explores innovative financing models and future directions in healthcare, with a focus on assessing financial impact on digital health outcomes and advancing sustainable healthcare innovation. As digital health technologies like AI, IoT, and telemedicine transform patient care, the need for adaptable and value-based financing mechanisms becomes critical. Traditional models, often inadequate for the rapid pace of digital health, are compared to novel approaches such as public-private partnerships, outcome-based financing, and tiered pricing. The research examines how these models can drive equitable access, incentivize innovation, and improve patient outcomes globally. Through evaluating financial strategies, this study provides insights into scalable frameworks that prioritize both fiscal sustainability and impactful health outcomes, paving the way for a resilient, technologically integrated healthcare ecosystem.
Policy and Regulatory Frameworks for Financing Smart Healthcare
Authors: Jain Anuradha , Singh Raj Kumar , Bhushan Padam
Published: December 2024

As smart healthcare technologies emerge as pillars of modern medicine, developing policy and regulatory frameworks for sustainable financing becomes imperative. Regulatory complexities, spanning data governance, interoperability, and cost-effectiveness, present challenges and opportunities in securing funding for AI, IoT, and digital diagnostics. Policymakers must navigate privacy concerns, ethical dilemmas, and market dynamics to create resilient funding strategies. International cooperation plays a pivotal role in achieving SDG 3 by harmonizing funding protocols and prioritizing equitable access to advanced healthcare across nations. This chapter examines financial policy frameworks needed to support long-term technology integration in global health, exploring funding sources, cost management, and ethical imperatives. By addressing regulatory gaps, enhancing intergovernmental collaboration, and aligning technological investments with health equity goals, policymakers can foster a sustainable future where smart healthcare is accessible to all.
Revolutionizing Finance
Authors: Reepu  , Taneja Sanjay , Vardari Luan
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the ever-changing field of financial innovations with particular regard to the interface of two game changers: Smart Cards and Finansheta. The industry's financial paradigm has changed due to the role of technology, which enables the creation of advanced service delivery methods that are efficient, secure, and accessible. This study critically evaluates the interdependence between Smart Cards and FinTech, demonstrating how the two can work together to enhance financial services and products. The first part considers the history of the development of Smart Cards when they first appeared and what he has now in various areas of finance. . The second segment addresses the emergence of FinTech and the role it plays in financial innovation. Fintech has changed the traditional range of banking, and instead, the culture of digital financial services, including the use of crowd finance and robo-advisors, has emerged. This paper reviews the prominent aspects of Fintech, including the blockchain.
Work From Home and Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Goel Ridhima , Singla Jagdeep , Kumar Sanjeet
Published: December 2024

The adoption of Work-From-Home models in healthcare, particularly during the COVID-19 outbreak, has brought a new dimension to worldwide health management. By leveraging smart technologies such as telemedicine, AI-powered diagnostics, and IoT-enabled remote monitoring, healthcare delivery has become more accessible, efficient, and inclusive. This chapter explores how WFH models, enhanced by these technologies, are improving global health outcomes and aligning with the third Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 3), ensuring healthy lives while promoting well-being for all. It examines how WFH frameworks reduce healthcare inequalities by extending quality care to underserved regions and populations. Additionally, it highlights the challenges and opportunities of integrating WFH models with smart technology to create sustainable health systems that can be scaled globally. This chapter provides a comprehensive framework for the future of WFH in healthcare, contributing to the realization of SDG 3 and offering a pathway toward more equitable and resilient healthcare systems.
Impact of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine on the Indian Pharmaceutical Sector
Authors: Tiwari Rajesh , Verma Vivek , Jain Vibhuti , Kakkar Vanshika
Published: December 2024

India is the largest supplier of generic drugs in the world. India is the third largest by volume and fourteenth most significant in terms of the value of production of pharma products globally. The study examines the war's impact on the Indian pharmaceutical sector. The pharma stock data is obtained from the National Stock Exchange (NSE) India website. The war between Russia and Ukraine had no significant impact on the returns of Indian pharma stocks. India has a diversified pharmaceutical sector. Though Russia Ukraine had no significant impact on Indian pharmaceutical sector. It has opened up an opportunity for the Indian pharma firms to leverage good diplomatic relations and expand its operations in both Russia and Ukraine by building production centres in both countries. The diversification enhances the diversity in market operations for Indian firms and provides both Russia and Ukraine with a trusted neutral supplier.
Impact of AI Virtual Anchors on Traditional News Anchors
Authors: Li Linhan
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) anchors are transforming news broadcasting, offering 24/7 operation, rapid data processing, and multilingual capabilities. While these advantages enhance efficiency and reach, human anchors provide emotional depth, critical thinking, and personal connection. To remain competitive, traditional anchors must adapt by enhancing their skills, emotional intelligence, and presentation styles, blending technology with the unique human touch. Despite AI's progress, human anchors remain indispensable for delivering complex and sensitive news that requires judgment and empathy. Adaptation and innovation are key for traditional anchors to maintain relevance and elevate the quality of news broadcasting.
Nito “Core” Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites: Enhancing Properties with NaHCO3 Treatment
Authors: Piamonte Alyanna Meline B. , Emolaga Carlo S. , Millare Jeremiah C.
Published: December 2024

This study explores the use of sodium bicarbonate-treated Nito core fiber as a natural and eco-friendly alternative for fiber-reinforced composites to address the challenge of enhancing the mechanical properties of composite materials while also prioritizing environmental sustainability. Nito core fibers were treated with different concentrations of sodium bicarbonate, an economical and eco-friendly alternative to alkali treatment, to enhance its compatibility with various matrices. FTIR results showed that NaHCO3 treatment effectively removed and reduced some non-cellulosic components present in the Nito fiber such as hemicellulose and lignin. This resulted in the NaHCO3-treated fiber-epoxy composite showing better tensile strength and modulus of elasticity than the epoxy composite reinforced with untreated Nito fiber. The use of treated fiber, however, did not have a noticeable effect on the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the epoxy composite. The SEM images of the nito fiber-epoxy composites showed better fiber-matrix adhesion between the treated nito fiber and epoxy matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of nito fiber-epoxy composites shows that the thermal stability of the composite is mainly due to the presence of cellulose, which can also be enhanced by some lignin. This study, therefore demonstrates the potential of Nito ‘core’ fibers as a viable substitute for synthetic reinforcements that can contribute to the advancement of composite material technology that aligns with the global shift towards environmentally responsible manufacturing practices.
Biopolitical rulership and motifs in Bulawayo’s Glory: A Zimbabwean version of Orwellian society
Authors: Mavengano Esther
Published: December 2024

In this study, I reread George Orwell’s remarkable text Animal Farm together with Noviolet Bulawayo’s second novel, titled Glory. Orwell’s allegoric novel remains astute in its account of the fate of living under the shadow of an autocratic state whose leadership is haunted by the paranoia of losing power. Orwell deploys symbolic animals, including dogs, hens, pigs, horses, sheep and donkeys, to function as salient embodiments permeated with figurative meanings about a corrupt regime which lashes out at its victims. I deploy Giorgio Agamben’s concepts of bare life, homo sacer, state of exception and suspension of law in reading the Zimbabwe electoral politics and biopolitical imaginings of the postcolonial state. I foreground contemporary power mechanisms, unruly manifestation and performativity on the body and mind of the homo sacer(s). I also interrogate the Napoleon forms of power exercised by state ‘security agents’ – renamed growling dogs and defenders in modern Zimbabwe. I conclude that biopolitical power, in an environment where the exception has become the rule, serves in the management of perturbed citizens.Contribution: Giorgio Agamben’s biopolitical conceptual framework has rarely been used to examine the intricate and often paradoxical relations between those in power (rulers) and ordinary citizens (the ruled) in present-day Zimbabwe. This study brings to attention spectacles of power, the fate of homo sacer figures and their conviviality – as central tropes complexly enunciated and thematised in both Orwell and Bulawayo’s fictional writings. The parallel analyses of the two novels from different historical periods and literary traditions in this study offer fresh reflections on the complexities that arise from living under autocratic rule.
Uncovering the Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Investigating its Impact on Bone Health in Geriatric Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Alkathem Jafar Ali , Alzahrani Amal Abdullah , Alali Shahad Mufeed , Al Beshi Saeed Mubarak , Alobaydan Majd Abduljalil , Alharbi Ali Ibrahim , Alhodibi Mostafa
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

In this study, the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) was established, and its impacts on the spine health of these patients were also determined and they include osteoporosis and fractures. Moreover, there is a dearth of information regarding the correlation between Vitamin D status, osteoporosis and the presence of risk of fractures specifically in geriatric CKD patients. The current cross-sectional prevalent-based study sought to determine the relationship between Vitamin D deficiency, osteoporosis and fractures in the selected people.

Methods:

A total of 675 geriatric patients aged 65–75 years with CKD stages 3–5 participated. Data were collected through interviews, medical record reviews and physical assessments. Information obtained included demographics, falls history, Vitamin D levels, diagnoses of Vitamin D deficiency, osteoporosis and fractures. Associations between Vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis/fractures were examined using Chi-square tests using SPSS version 27.

Results:

The finding on men showed the percentage prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency to be 42%. Eight per cent, while 30. 2% cent had osteoporosis. Vitamin D has been revealed to have a strong relationship with osteoporosis (P < 0.001), in which 86% of patients were defiantly Vitamin D insufficient. Three per cent of those deficient also has osteoporosis. In addition, 79. As compared with an incidence of 9% in subjects with Vitamin D deficiency, fractures developed after minimal trauma occurred in 44%. Seven per cent without (P < 0.001). With regard to adverse effects, there was no occurrence of hip fractures, but seven patients. The answers revealed that 7% of the patients fell at least once in the last year.

Conclusion:

As seen in this study, geriatric CKD patients had concerning levels of Vitamin D deficiency, a parameter which was positively correlated to osteoporosis as well as was significantly related to the likelihood of developing fractures for patients after they had been involved in minor accidents. The findings emphasise the importance of optimising Vitamin D levels in this population through supplementation and lifestyle modifications to possibly reduce osteoporosis and fracture burden. Further research is warranted to develop targeted Vitamin D intervention strategies.
Assessing the Long-term Outcomes, Quality of Life and cost-effectiveness in Saudi Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery for Coronary Artery Disease: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Aleid Abbas Fadeil , Alhumidhan Alhanouf Maher , Almutairi Aseelah Taye , Alshakhs Mohammed Afif , Bakudam Wed Adnan , Alsaloom Nasser Salman , Mufti Basem Muwaffaq , Albshaier Abdulelah Jamal , Alessa Mohammed Yousef
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Cardiac surgery offers durable clinical benefits in managing coronary artery disease (CAD). However, data from the Saudi context are limited on long-term health impacts, quality of life (QoL) and value. This study aims to address this knowledge gap.

Subjects and Methods:

A cross-sectional survey involved 1377 Saudi patients who underwent cardiac surgery for CAD. A validated questionnaire assessed demographics, medical history, complications, health status, lifestyle modifications, QoL parameters and healthcare utilisation. Descriptive analyses characterised responses.

Results:

Most patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting/percutaneous coronary intervention over 5 years ago, with 85% very satisfied. Half experienced complications, 79% required chronic medications and 34% needed further procedures. Chest pain prevalence exceeded 50%, whereas two-thirds rated cardiovascular health as excellent. QoL improvements entailed reduced angina and better physical/social functioning for many. Outpatient follow-up occurred regularly for 85%.

Conclusion:

Cardiac surgery conferred durable clinical benefits in alleviating angina and improving functionality. However, ongoing active medical management appeared necessary, given residual symptoms and readmission rates. Future prospective cohorts can confirm long-term costs and savings gained from life expectancies and disability prevention. Locally tailored programmes considering population risks may optimise outcomes further by facilitating lifestyle changes and complication mitigation.
Exploring the Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Osteoporosis in Geriatric Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Alkathem Jafar Ali , Alzahrani Amal Abdullah , Alali Shahad Mufeed , Alkazim Mohammed Ali , Al Beshi Saeed Mubarak , Alobaydan Majd Abduljalil , Alharbi Ali Ibrahim , Alhodibi Mostafa
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and has been linked to poor bone health outcomes including osteoporosis and fractures. However, limited data exist on the relationship between Vitamin D status, osteoporosis and fracture risk among geriatric CKD patients. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations between Vitamin D deficiency, osteoporosis and fractures in this population.

Methods:

A total of 675 geriatric patients aged 65–75 years with CKD stages 3–5 participated. Data were collected through interviews, medical record reviews and physical assessments. Information obtained included demographics, falls history, Vitamin D levels, diagnoses of Vitamin D deficiency, osteoporosis and fractures. Associations between Vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis/fractures were examined using the Chi-square tests using the SPSS software version 27.

Results:

The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency was 42.8%, whereas 30.2% had osteoporosis. A significant association was found between Vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis (P < 0.001), with 86.3% of those deficient also having osteoporosis. In addition, 79.9% with Vitamin D deficiency experienced fractures after low-impact injuries versus 44.7% without (P < 0.001). While no patients had experienced hip fractures, 7.7% reported falls in the past year.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates concerningly high rates of Vitamin D deficiency among geriatric CKD patients, which were significantly associated with both osteoporosis and risk of fractures after minor injuries. The findings emphasise the importance of optimising Vitamin D levels in this population through the supplementation and lifestyle modifications to possibly reduce osteoporosis and fracture burden. Further research is warranted to develop targeted Vitamin D intervention strategies.
Identifying Risk Factors and Complications Associated with Acute Otitis Media in Paediatric Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Alkhars Ola Ahmad , Althamin Maryam Abdullah , Alolyani Abdullah Nasir , Aljumaah Ahmad Suliman , Alkhayat Eyad Mohammed , Altalhi Rawan Abdullah , Alsulamy Nawaf Saadi , Alyahya Khalid Abdultaif
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common early childhood infection, often emerging as a complication of upper respiratory tract infections. With an estimated 60%–70% of children experiencing AOM during childhood, it presents a significant health concern, especially in the paediatric population. The prevalence of AOM underscores its substantial burden on healthcare systems. However, there is a noticeable gap in research regarding the risk factors and complications of AOM, specifically in the child population of Saudi Arabia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of AOM among Saudi Arabian children, identify associated risk factors and investigate complications arising from AOM.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study, conducted from July to October 2023, targeted parents or guardians of Saudi Arabian children aged 0–12 years diagnosed with AOM. Non-Saudi children and those with chronic otitis media were excluded. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire in both English and Arabic, focusing on demographics, risk factors, day-care attendance and breastfeeding duration. The sample size was calculated using Raosoft software, requiring a minimum of 377 participants. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 28.0.

Results:

The study involved 952 participants. Key findings included a high prevalence of AOM symptoms in the past year, with 33.8% of children diagnosed by healthcare professionals. A significant correlation was found between AOM prevalence and day-care attendance (P < 0.001), with children attending day care for <10 h per week showing a higher incidence of AOM. The study also found a significant relationship between extended breastfeeding duration and decreased AOM prevalence and episodes. However, a substantial number of parents reported a lack of information regarding the AOM prevention benefits of breastfeeding.

Conclusion:

The study reveals that AOM is a significant health concern in Saudi Arabian children, with day-care attendance and breastfeeding practices showing varying associations with AOM incidence. These findings contribute to our understanding of AOM in this demographic and highlight the need for increased awareness and preventive measures, especially in day-care settings. They also underscore the potential role of breastfeeding in reducing AOM episodes and emphasise the importance of healthcare provider guidance in this context. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to establish causal relationships and explore the long-term impacts of AOM.
Impact of Drug Therapy on Visual Acuity in Diabetic Retinopathy among Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Aleid Mohammed Sami , Alhazmi Roba A. , Altamimi Amal Meshari , Albarakati Effat , Abadan Maram Ali , Alasmari Raghad , Alosaimi Taif , Alhodibi Mostafa Habeeb
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Diabetes mellitus, a global health concern, is increasingly prevalent and leads to various complications, notably diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major cause of visual impairment. This study aims to investigate the impact of pharmacological treatments on visual outcomes in DR patients, focusing on the Saudi Arabian population.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in various healthcare centres across Saudi Arabia, enrolling 2233 DR patients aged 20 years and above. The methodology involved stratified random sampling to ensure diverse demographic representation. Data collection encompassed interviews, medical record analysis and standardised assessments, focusing on pharmacological treatment types, treatment duration, visual acuity outcomes and the presence of other diabetic complications. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 28.

Results:

The study revealed that patients on oral medications, especially metformin, reported higher perceived improvements in visual acuity (53.9%) compared to those on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatments. A significant correlation was found between the duration of pharmacological treatment and the severity of DR. Furthermore, age and duration of diabetes were identified as influential factors in visual acuity outcomes. The study also noted that combination treatments did not significantly worsen visual acuity.

Conclusion:

This study underscores the importance of personalised pharmacological treatment strategies in managing DR in Saudi Arabia. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to further explore the long-term impacts of these treatments. The study’s insights are crucial for optimising patient care and improving visual outcomes in DR patients.
Evaluating Multimodal Analgesia in Postoperative Pain Reduction for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Saudi Arabia: Cross Sectional
Authors: Aleid Abdulsalam Mohammed , Almalky Nawwaf Abdullah , Allhybi Abdulaziz Khalid , Areeshi Rehaf Abdulrhman , Akoor Atheer Abdullah , Algmaizi Shahad Fahad , AShahrani Maram Ali , Aldanyowi Saud Nayef
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Post-operative pain management is crucial for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients undergoing surgery. This study evaluated the effectiveness of multimodal analgesia in reducing post-operative pain and associated opioid usage in this patient group.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study involved 1368 Saudi patients with RA. Data on demographics, surgical history, post-operative pain levels, multimodal analgesia/opioid use, adverse effects and satisfaction were collected through questionnaire. Descriptive statistics characterised responses. Chi-square tests analysed associations between variables.

Results:

The sample comprised ages 35–55 years and included slightly more males. Half reported RA diagnosis <1 year ago. Post-operative pain severity in the first 24 h ranged from mild to severe for most. Multimodal analgesia effectively reduced pain to tolerable levels within 1–3 days by 25%. Those receiving multimodal analgesia experienced fewer opioid-related adverse effects such as nausea. Satisfaction levels were high. A significant association was found between multimodal analgesia use and reduced post-operative opioid intake (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Multimodal analgesia demonstrated effectiveness in managing post-operative pain in RA patients. The majority reported improvements within a few days and satisfaction with the treatment approach. Importantly, its use correlated with a decreased need for opioids and related complications. These findings underline multimodal analgesia’s potential role in improving post-operative outcomes through superior pain control and minimised opioid consumption in this vulnerable patient group. Larger longitudinal studies can further validate its benefits.