bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dance as a social practice
Authors: Millard Olivia
Published: December 2020

This article explores an ongoing group dance improvisation practice which, while primarily an artistic practice, could also be considered a social practice which is brought about by the physical, embodied and intersubjective environment in which it exists. Among others, the ideas of Tim Ingold, Hannah Arendt and Hanne De Jaeghar are used to explore the implications of what happens when individuals share a dancing practice. The article will also describe how the ongoing dance practice has been drawn upon to develop dance workshops for children with disability. The workshops were developed to include a variety of dance activities such as learning movement material, dance improvisation and supported group movement generation (choreography). Through the principle of intersubjectivity, described by cognitive science philosopher, Hanne De Jaegher, as ‘perspectives that are influenced by and co-created by more than one subject,’ dance will be discussed as a social practice as well as a situation in which one participates physically and creatively.
Family Disaster Planning Untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Disabilitas Dalam Menghadapi Bencana
Authors: Susanti Brigitta Ayu Dwi , Aprilia Eva Nurlina
Published: December 2020

Background: The family as the smallest unit in society has a share in disaster preparedness, especially for families with disabilities, this is due to the lack of disaster management for families with disabilities. According to a 2013 UN global survey, worldwide 20% of people with disabilities can save themselves and 31% of people say they need someone who can help during a disaster. Imogiri Bantul District is the red zone that suffered the worst damage and from the results of preliminary studies disaster prepared families have not been formed in real terms. Aims of this study is to analize effect pamily disaster planning to improve knowledge and ability disability person in disaster. Methods: Quasi eksperiment pre and post test without control. Research instrument with preparedness instrument. There are 31 subjects in this research. Results: Knowledge and attitude to prepare disaster in disabilities can improve significantly p<0.005 (Wilcoxon test). Conclusion:  With family disaster planning the knowledge and attitude can improve significantly to prepare disaster in disabilities and their family.
EFEITOS PLEIOTRÓPICOS DO GENE MERLE EM CÃES - REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Mangolin Letícia Fornel , Ferreira Nalva De Fátima , Caminhas Maria Margareth Theodoro
Published: December 2020

Atualmente, há uma grande demanda por características estéticas que sejam lucrativas no mercado pet, evidenciado pelo aumento crescente do número de animais no país, de acordo com as pesquisas. Um dos padrões raciais desejados em cães é o padrão merle, onde apresenta-se como uma pelagem semelhante a mármore, devido a influência do gene M (merle), sendo esse tipo de coloração aparente em diversas raças. Sabendo disso, objetiva-se com o presente trabalho realizar uma revisão quanto a influência do gene merle e as patologias associadas, e comparar com outras anomalias que possuem influência genética das pelagens. Haja vista essas características fenotípicas, os animais portadores dessa linhagem genética oferecem o risco de gerar animais a maior possibilidade de déficit auditivo, quando comparado à cães da mesma raça, porém com outros padrões de cores. Além disso, como resultado do cruzamento entre dois animais de pelagem merle, há a possibilidade da geração de filhotes portadores da síndrome do duplo merle, cuja condição é associada a uma série de patologias concomitantes como surdez, cegueira, esterilidade entre outras, que podem ser incompatíveis com a vida. Com isso, é de extrema importância conhecer sobre os possíveis riscos e prejuízos que podem ocorrer de um cruzamento realizado de forma irracional. Portanto, é de responsabilidade do médico veterinário a instrução quanto a reprodução comercial da espécie, de modo a promover a educação dos tutores e criadores, e a manutenção do bem-estar dos cães.
Savaş ve Propaganda: 1683 Viyana Kuşatması Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Çolak Songül , Aydar Metin
Published: December 2020

Propaganda, insanları istenen şekilde düşünmeye ve davranmaya ikna etmek için tasarlanmış bir yöntemdir. Geçmişi, insanların birbirleriyle ilk iletişim kurmaya başladığı zamana dayanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda propaganda, kişisel çıkarlara hizmet eden ve sık başvurulan bir yöntem olmuştur. Tarih boyunca insanlar, propaganda faaliyetlerinden çeşitli şekillerde yararlanmışlardır. Özellikle savaş zamanlarında etkin bir şekilde kullanılan propaganda faaliyetleri, bu süreçte insanları ikna etmek, cesaretlendirmek ve savaşı desteklemek konusunda önemli bir role hizmet etmiştir. Bu bağlamda, bir savaşın başlamasından bitmesine kadar uygulanan propaganda faaliyetleri, bu kavramla savaşın birbirinden ayrılmaz bir şekilde bağlantılı olduğunu göstermektedir.

Bu çalışma, XVII. yüzyılın son çeyreğinde ortaya çıkan, Türk ve Avrupa tarihinin en önemli siyasî hadiselerinden birisi olan 1683 Viyana Kuşatması’ndaki propaganda faaliyetlerine odaklanmaktadır. Sonuçları itibarıyla, gerek Osmanlı Devleti’ni gerekse Habsburg İmparatorluğu’yla birlikte diğer Batılı devletlerin geleceğini şekillendiren bu savaş, siyasî, sosyal ve iktisadî açıdan pek çok kez ele alınmıştır. Fakat savaşın öncesinden sonuna kadar gerçekleştirilen propaganda faaliyetleri pek ele alınmamıştır. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışma, her iki tarafın savaşın karar aşamasından sonuçlanmasına kadar geçen süreçte başvurdukları propaganda yöntemlerini ortaya koymaktadır.

Çalışmada, Sadrazam Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Paşa’nın, çeşitli propaganda faaliyetleriyle devlet erkânını savaşa ikna etmek, ordunun moralini yüksek tutmak ve düşmanın maneviyatını kırmak gibi propaganda faaliyetlerine giriştiği görülmektedir.
II. Gök Türkler Devrinde Sarı Baş (Gök) Türk 黃頭突 Meselesi
Authors: Ekrem Erkin
Published: December 2020

Eski Türk Tarihinde birçok çözülmemiş sorunlar bulunmaktadır. Gök Türk Tarihi ile ilgili Türkçe yazıtlar olmasına rağmen Çince kayıtlarındaki bazı sorunlara yeterince yardımcı olamamaktadır. T’ang Sülâlesinin veziri Chang Chiu-ling’in (673-740) eserinde geçen “Huang-tou (Sarı Baş) Türkler” ibaresi bu problemlerden biridir. Araştırmanın sonucunda Sarı Baş Türklerin “Sarı (Gök) Türkler” olduğunu, aslında İkinci Gök Türk Devletinin kurucusu İlteriş Kağan’ın (682-692) ailesinin kastedilmiş olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Sarı renkde eski Türk kültüründe “merkezi” ve “meşru” anlamına gelmektedir. “Sarı Baş Türkler” incelenirken, Gök Türk tarihindeki bir dizi iktidar kavgası da ortaya çıkarılmış bulunmaktadır. İlteriş Kağan öldükten sonra çocuklarının yaşları küçük olduğu için kardeşi Mo-ch’uo Kağan (Kapgan Kağan, 692-716) iktidarı eline geçirmiştir. Mo-ch’uo Kağan’ın ölümümden hemen sonra İlteriş Kağan’ın oğulları (Bilge Kağan ve Kül Tigin) iktidara darbe yolu ile el koymuştur. Ancak Bilge Kağan ölünce Mo-ch’uo Kağan neslinden olanlar hâkimiyete başkaldırmışlar ve neticede iki taraf uzlaşmışlardır. Fakat bu güç dengesi uzun sürmemiştir.
Fault Diagnosis Algorithm and Protection of Electric Power Systems in an Alternative Distribution System
Authors: Austin Oshin Ola , Alonge Oluwasanmi , Adeniyi Ajayi Joseph
Published: December 2020

In any power systems, protective devices will detect fault conditions and operate circuit breakers in order to disconnect the load from the fault current and limit loss of service due to failure. This fault may involve one or more phases and the ground, or may occur between two or more phases in a three-phase systems. In ground, fault’ or ‘earth fault, current flows into the earth. In a poly-phase system, a fault may affect each of the three phases equally which is a symmetrical fault. If only some phases are affected, the resulting ‘asymmetrical fault’ becomes more complicated to analyze due to the simplifying assumption of equal current magnitude in all the phases being no longer applicable. Therefore, the prospective short circuit current of the fault can be calculated for power systems analysis procedures. This will assist in the choice of protective devices like circuit breakers, current transformers and relays. This research work evaluated and analyzed the occurrence of faults in a distribution system. Fault currents were obtained and the maximum tripping time required for the protective devices to operate were determined. Hence, it was possible to select appropriate relay and circuit breaker for effective operation of a distribution
Pengaruh Disiplin dan Profesionalisme Guru terhadap Kinerja Guru
Authors: Rosmawati Rosmawati , Ahyani Nur , Missriani Missriani
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk: 1) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh disiplin guru terhadap kinerja guru; 2) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh profesionalisme guru terhadap kinerja guru; 3) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan disiplin guru dan profesionalisme guru terhadap kinerja guru. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: 1) disiplin guru berpengaruh secara signikan terhadap kinerja guru; 2) profesionalisme guru berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru; 3) disiplin guru dan profesionalisme guru berpengaruh bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru
Pengaruh Kualifikasi Akademik dan Kinerja Guru Terhadap Nilai Siswa
Authors: Susanti Susi , Fitria Happy , Puspita Yenny
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji 1) pengaruh kualifikasi akademik terhadap nilai siswa di Sekolah Dasar; 2) pengaruh kinerja guru terhadap prestasi siswa di Sekolah Dasar; 3) pengaruh antara kualifikasi akademik dan kinerja guru secara bersama-sama terhadap Nilai Siswa di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kecamatan Plakat Tinggi Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Data dianalisis menggunakan rumus regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) ada pengaruh kualifikasi akademik terhadap nilai siswa; 2) ada pengaruh kinerja guru terhadap nilai siswa; 3) ada pengaruh kualifikasi akademik dan kinerja guru terhadap nilai siswa. Kualifikasi akademik dan kinerja guru mampu mempengaruhi nilai siswa dengan kontribusi 80,5%; sedangkan sisanya 19,5% dipengaruhi oleh variabel yang lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini
Anatomía de la derecha chilena: Estado, mercado y valores en tiempos de cambio.
Authors: Ortúzar Pablo
Published: December 2020

Reseña del libro Anatomía de la derecha chilena: Estado, mercado y valores en tiempos de cambio, de Stéphanie Alenda (editora). Editorial FCE.
The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Pregnancy
Authors: Chakravorty Triya
Published: December 2020

Pregnant women are considered a vulnerable group due to the unique immunological changes that take place during pregnancy2. It is important to understand the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnant women and foetuses, in order to produce clinical guidelines for obstetric and neonatal management. In recent months, there has been a rise in research into the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnancy.
This essay aims to explore this emerging data and understand the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy, including looking at specific sub-populations, such as women from Black and Minority Ethnic (BAME) backgrounds. In addition, it will explore the data surrounding whether vertical transmission from mother to baby is possible. This is an area of considerable controversy.
WR6: A Rejuvenated Runaway Star
Authors: Gvaramadze V. V.
Published: December 2020

WR6 is considered as a runaway star because of its large separation from the Galactic mid-plane. In this note, we use Gaia DR2 data on WR6 and the systemic velocity of the nebula around this star to derive the space velocity of WR6 of

38.1

−
6.5

+
9.0

km

s

−
1

, confirming that this star is indeed a runaway. Possible implications of this finding are discussed.
Mediastinal Benign Mature Teratoma in Young Girl, Catastrophic Delayed and Complications of Surgery: A Case Report
Authors: Yasa Ketut Putu , Permana A.A. Christ Tedy , Dewi Sri Mahendra
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Teratomas are the most common of germ cell tumor and have different epidemiology, histology, and biology than the others. These tumors occur equally in men and women are generally benign, occur in the mediastinum and compromise approximately 20% of anterior mediastinal masses. All forms of these tumors have a peak incidence in young adults.
CASE REPORT: A huge mediastinal teratoma present in young girl 15 years old, a tumor located in the right chest with mass compression effect to spine, heart, and lung, produce prolong symptoms of dyspnea and chest pain. Delayed clinical presentation influences to post-operative complications such as prolong atelectasis, rupture of tumor mass which spoiled of tumor contents, empyema, and sepsis.
CONCLUSION: Mediastinal mature teratoma with the delayed clinical presentation will give technical difficulties for resection and increase the risk of post-operative complications.
Immunocytochemical Expression of IFN-γ and IL-4 in Tuberculous Lymphadenitis with Dark Oval Bodies
Authors: Lubis Humairah Medina Liza , Ganie Ratna Akbari , Delyuzar Delyuzar , Eyanoer Putri Chairani , Munir Delfitri
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: We noticed some smears being cytologically diagnosed as common chronic lymphadenitis that cannot be treated with ordinary antibiotics, but succeeded with the anti-tuberculosis drug (ATD), even though it takes longer, up to a year or more. Re-examining the MGG smears, we got cases that show the structure, we call Dark Oval Bodies (DOB). Most of DOB smears express Interferon (IFN)-γ. IFN-γ _plays a role in the protection of infection while interleukin (IL)-4 in the opposite.
AIM: The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a difference between an expression of IFN-γ _and IL-4 in DOB and whether IFN-γ _is associated with the protection of the disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Included in this study 41 cases of tuberculous lymphadenopathy with DOB that were not successfully treated with common antibiotics but succeeded with ATD. Antigen expression was determined using rabbit polyclonal to IFN-γ, (ab9657), and IL-4 (ab9622), Abcam. The expression was categorized as positive and negative. The details of the 41 cases were 37 cases (90%) with IFN-γ _(+), 4 (10%) with IFN-γ _(-), 10 (24%) with IL-4 (+), and 31 (76%) with IL-4 (-). Thirty cases expressed IFN-γ _(+) and IL-4 (-), 1: IFN-γ _(-) and IL-4 (+), 8: IFN-γ _(+) and IL-4 (+), and 2: IFN-γ _(-) and IL-4 (-).
RESULTS: IFN-γ _is more frequently expressed in DOB compared to IL-4 (p<0.05, the Fisher’s exact tests).
CONCLUSION: IFN-γ _can be benefited as the indicator of protection to the tuberculous process.
Effect of Different Finishing and Polishing Techniques on Surface Roughness of Two Universal Nanohybrid Composite Resins
Authors: Alagha Ebaa , Alotaibi Waad , Maghrbil Maha , Hakami Laila , Alrashedi Maram
Published: December 2020

AIM: This study investigated the effect of different finishing and polishing systems on surface roughness of two types of universal nanohybrid composite resins.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total number of 40 samples will be prepared to form two main equal groups of specimens (n = 20), according to the composite resin materials. Two universal nanohybrid resin composites were used in this study. First group (A1) is a universal nanohybrid composite resin (Mosaic) and the second group (A2) is a universal nanohybrid composite resin (Harmonize). Each group was subdivided equally into four equal subgroups (n = 5), according to the used finishing and polishing systems. Mold was made to prepare the specimens with a central hole of 4 mm in diameter and 4 mm in thickness. Light curing tip was placed touching the glass slab for 20 s then the cured specimens were removed from the mold and the specimens immediately and immersed in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h. Surface roughness (Ra) was measured using light sectioning vision system. SEM was done to support the results.
RESULTS: The results showed that the lowest (Ra) values were recorded by the specimens under Myler strip followed by Polishing Discs treated specimens followed by Diacomp Plus specimens and the highest (Ra) values were recorded by white polishing stone specimens and regardless to finishing or polishing, it was found that mosaic resin composites group recorded statistically significant (p < 0.05) lower roughness mean value than Harmonize resin composites group. p ≤ 0.05 is statistically significant in all tests.
CONCLUSION: Achieving long-lasting esthetics in resin composites restorations needs special attention for obtaining optimal resin polymerization and a perfect surface finish using the appropriate finishing and polishing system.
Drug-Drug Interaction between Psychiatric Medications and Experimental Treatments for Coronavirus Disease-19: A Mini-Review
Authors: Baradaran Hananeh , Gorgzadeh Nazanin , Seraj Houman , Asadi Anahita , Shamshirian Danial , Rezapour Maryam
Published: December 2020

The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID)-2019 has been affected many people all around the world. Patients with mental disorders are not as safe as others; also, they might be more vulnerable in such situations. These patients take various medications, which can lead to numerous drug-drug interactions with experimental drugs uses against COVID-19. According to the potential critical interactions, we reviewed the reputable databases to find the interactions between main categories of psychiatric medications (e.g., antidepressants, anti-psychotics, sedative/hypnotics, and mood stabilizers) when used in concomitant with COVID-19 experimental agents (e.g., hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, atazanavir, and chloroquine). We hope the list provided in this review helps the clinical care staff in treating patients with mental illness infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Comparative Efficacy and Reinfection of Albendazole-mebendazole, Albendazole-pyrantel Pamoate, and Mebendazole on Soil-transmitted Helminths
Authors: Husin Nirmalia , Pasaribu Ayodhia Pitaloka , Ali Muhammad , Suteno Erwin , Wijaya Wilhans , Pasaribu Syahril
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) infection (i.e., Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm) are commonly found as a single infection as well as a mixture of the three kinds of helminths that requires a broad anthelmintic spectrum. Some study revealed that combination of anthelmintic provides better efficacy.
AIM: The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy of combination treatment of albendazole-mebendazole, albendazole-pyrantel pamoate, and mebendazole alone in treating STHs infection as well as the rate of reinfection post-treatment.
METHODS: In 2018, a randomized controlled trial was conducted in Batubara district, North Sumatera. School-aged children diagnosed for STH were randomly allocated to (1) albendazole-mebendazole; (2) albendazole-pyrantel pamoate; or (3) mebendazole treatment groups. Here, we report the efficacy (cure rates [CRs] and egg-reduction rates [ERR]) and reinfection rates determined 12 weeks post-treatment. Chi-square test was used to compare the drug efficacy and reinfection rate between three groups.
RESULTS: A total of 309 children complete baseline and follow-up data. The efficacy was determined after 4 weeks post-treatment albendazole-pyrantel pamoate showed a significant higher efficacy against A. lumbricoides (CR: 93.5%; ERR: 100%) and T. trichiura (CR: 81.4%; ERR: 99%). For hookworm infection, results showed higher efficacy between the three groups after treatment. The reinfection rates 12 weeks after treatment for A. lumbricoides infection (Group 1: 3.1%; 2: 3%; 3: 1.3%) with p > 0.05 and for T. trichiura infection (Group 1: 19.2%; 2: 25%; 3: 1.5%) with p < 0.05.
CONCLUSION: This study showed the excellent efficacy of an albendazole-pyrantel pamoate combination against STHs infections. The highest reinfection rate was found in albendazole-pyrantel pamoate group for T. trichiura infection.
Pain Management in Children with Cancer: National Surveys of Practices and Perceptions in Morocco
Authors: Khoubila Nisrine , Bendari Mounia , Benmiloud Sara , ElHoudzi Jamila , Maani Khadija , Elmouden Loubna , Alzemmouri Mounia , Hachim Jamila , Kili Amina , Kababri Maria , Khattab Mohammed , ElBouri Hicham , Hassoune Samira , Nani Samira , Cherkaoui Siham , Quessar Asmaa , Madani Abdellah , Hessissen Laila
Published: December 2020

AIM: The aim of the study was to improve the quality of pain management in Moroccan pediatric oncology units, the Moroccan Society of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology initiated a national quality improvement project in 2014 with the support of the Lalla Salma Foundation for Prevention and Treatment of Cancer.
METHODS: To assess the current situation of pain management in Moroccan pediatric oncology patients, two cross-sectional surveys were conducted, involving patient/parental proxies and health-care providers’.
RESULTS: The first survey concerned 108 care providers from five institutions. The second survey covered 155 children with cancer from the five Moroccan pediatric oncology units. Among them, 145 reported suffering from pain, which patients/families attributed to the underlying cancer (n = 85), to procedures and treatment (n = 46), or to both the cancer and procedures/treatment (n = 19). Procedural pain was mainly related to lumbar puncture and bone marrow aspirate. The majority of patients/parents reported that pain negatively impacted their emotional, physical, and social functioning. The majority of parents requested further information and communication about pain management.
CONCLUSION: Both health-care providers and families of children with cancer in Morocco report need for pain management improvement, including in institutional and educational practices. This current baseline data have informed the development of our ongoing project including continuing education, training, and practice policies development.
Awareness of Medical Workers with Early Diagnosis of Cognitive Disorders at the Primary Health Care Level in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Tukinova Assel , Shalgumbayeva Gulnar M. , Mussabekova Zhanna A. , Abzalova Roza A.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Early detection of cognitive impairments (CIs) has been identified as one of the most important factors for the treatment of the disease. The World Alzheimer report 2011 states that the earlier a diagnosis is known, the better patients can be treated medically, patients and their family members can adapt to the development and learn to deal with the disease. Early diagnosis also leads to higher cost-effectivity, which will further improve, when treatments and social care interventions become more effective in future. It is the first-contact doctor who becomes the main figure in identifying the patient’s cognitive disorders.
AIM: This study aimed to research the awareness of medical workers with early diagnosis of cognitive disorders at the PHC level in Kazakhstan.
METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study. A survey of primary healthcare workers was conducted to study the early diagnosis of CI in the elderly in the period from December 2019 to March 2020. The questionnaire was developed independently according to international finding and experiences and passed the validation process. The questionnaire included questions such as age, gender, nationality, education, specialty, work experience, conduct early diagnosis of CI or not, what methods respondents know, time available for admission for early diagnosis, desire to learn early diagnosis methods, and the region of residence.
RESULTS: The total number of respondents was 823. To the question, “Do you check older patients for early cognitive impairment?” 335 (40.7%) answered “no.” To the question “Do you have time to use methods for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the elderly during admission?” “no” – 354 (43%). To the question “Would you like to learn methods for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the elderly?” The answer was “yes” 759 (92.2%) of respondents. This study reveals that the presence of time during admission, the region of residence, and the desire to study affect whether elder people check for early CI or not, in turn, specialty, education, gender, nationality, age, and work experience do not affect. We have identified a relationship of age, region of residence with the availability of time during admission to use methods for early diagnosis of CI, while it was absent with work experience. The region of residence, the availability of time during admission, and education influenced the respondents’ desire to learn early diagnosis methods, while age and work experience did not.
CONCLUSION: The problem of early diagnosis of CI in the elderly at the PHC level is relevant and not fully understood. Early detection of CI at the PHC level is a key element in the fight against such a serious condition as dementia.
Coronavirus Disease-2019 and Mental Health
Authors: Darmadi Darmadi , Ruslie Riska Habriel
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) emerges in Wuhan, China and becomes a pandemic on March 2020. Its manifestations mainly cover respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. In fact, mental health disorders are common in patients with COVID-19 but receive minimum attention.
AIM: We aimed to discuss mental health disturbances in relation to COVID-19 and its management.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We gathered literature regarding the topic from electronic sources, including PubMed and Google Scholar.
RESULTS: There are several pathogeneses proposed regarding the incidence of mental health problems. The symptoms of mental health problems vary widely and also affect health-care personnel. Diagnosing mental health problem in COVID-19 patients is quite difficult because no examinations are specific enough. The management of mental health problems includes psychological and medical managements.
CONCLUSION: Further study regarding mental health problem and its management in patients with COVID-19 is mandatory.
The Native Voices During the Rubber Boom, a Comparative Analysis
Authors: Lozano Felipe Román
Published: December 2020

Le Rapport Casement ( Congo Report , 1904), écrit par le consul britannique éponyme, est le premier document officiel attestant des atrocités commises dans l’État indépendant du Congo durant le régime du roi des Belges Léopold II, entre 1885 et 1908. Roger Casement recueillit les témoignages des victimes indigènes de la fièvre du caoutchouc et les coucha sur le papier, traduits en anglais. Ces traces écrites constituent l’un des premiers cas de témoignages produits par les indigènes eux-mêmes. Le Rapport Casement a été crucial pour mettre un terme au régime de Léopold II – un régime qui coûta la vie à presque 10 millions de personnes. La présente contribution propose une comparaison du Rapport Casement avec deux œuvres littéraires écrites dans le même quart de siècle : Heart of Darkness (1899) de Joseph Conrad et La Vorágine (1924) de José Eustasio Rivera. Le choix de ces deux textes, renvoyant à deux contextes différents d’exploitation du caoutchouc (au Congo et en Amazonie), permet de confronter des témoignages effectifs de victimes et la description fictionnelle de leur situation dans des œuvres littéraires, afin de dévoiler l’absence du point de vue des natifs sur la violence et l’esclavage.
Un imam « connecté » au Sénégal. Auto-entrepreneuriat religieux et stratégie « agendatique »
Authors: Havard Jean-François , Havard Jean-François , Wilhelm Carsten , Wilhelm Carsten , Malick Diouf François , Malick Diouf François
Published: December 2020

Depuis novembre 2018, les publications Facebook de l’imam Ahmadou Makhtar Kanté agitent une partie de la société sénégalaise et les milieux médiatiques et religieux. À travers ses posts , l’imam commente l’actualité et alimente des polémiques sur des sujets aussi variés que l’orientation sexuelle d’un chanteur populaire, le rôle des femmes dans la société, l’influence française dans la politique sénégalaise ou l’inauguration d’une nouvelle mosquée de la confrérie mouride à Dakar. Agissant en auto-entrepreneur médiatique, son usage des réseaux socionumériques lui permet d’influencer l’agenda médiatique du Sénégal. Notre contribution propose de caractériser la forme de communication particulière et la stratégie « agendatique » employée par celui que nous nommons « l’imam 2.0 ».
Décentrer l’énonciation numérique. De l’acception universelle aux pratiques africanisées du trolling et du « grammar nazisme »
Authors: Djilé Donald , Djilé Donald
Published: December 2020

Cet article prend pour objet le « malparlage » et l’« attachement » en ligne : il s’agit de pratiques technosociodiscursives ivoiriennes qui s’apparentent au trolling et au « grammar nazisme ». L’analyse écologique de cas singuliers de publications Facebook permet de mettre au jour des mécanismes de recontextualisation de ces comportements langagiers en ligne, dans un environnement socioculturel et sociodiscursif ivoirien caractérisé par un usage subversif de la violence verbale. Selon une perspective technolinguistique, cet article montre que le trolling et le « grammar nazisme », usuellement associés à une appréciation péjorative des contenus, font l’objet d’une (ré)appropriation localisée qui amène à un renversement des perceptions de la cyberviolence discursive par des manifestations cathartiques et humoristiques.
Le discours transgressif dans la musique urbaine en Afrique de l’Ouest
Authors: Ahouandjinou Géraud , Ahouandjinou Géraud , Badou Agnès , Badou Agnès , Zounon Ornheilia , Zounon Ornheilia
Published: December 2020

La musique urbaine des grandes métropoles de l’Afrique de l’Ouest est de plus en plus marquée par des propos transgressifs. Cette rupture de ton est constatée depuis les années 2010 dans des contextes où les interactions sont marquées par la pudeur. Comment peut-on expliquer le développement de telles productions ? En questionnant le processus d’éclosion ainsi que les divers usages de ce phénomène social, l’enquête révèle que les médias sociaux ont joué un rôle majeur dans l’essor et la diffusion de cette musique en rendant toute censure quasi impossible. Qui plus est, on assiste à la naissance d’une subculture liée à cette nouvelle expression artistique, qui atteste de sa portée sociale, culturelle, économique, politique.
La mémoire, l’imaginaire et la manipulation en discours : autour de quelques mythes clés de la nation ivoirienne en débat sur les réseaux sociaux
Authors: Houessou Dorgelès , Houessou Dorgelès
Published: December 2020

Cet article exploite les concepts de mémoire et de manipulation à partir de discours politiques et de formules impliquant des mythes clés de la nation ivoirienne. L’hypothèse fondamentale est que les réseaux sociaux sont un outil de vulgarisation qui participe activement à la manipulation discursive à partir de la mémoire collective comme mythème argumentatif. L’intérêt de questionner la construction sociale de la mémoire, les imaginaires ou les stratégies de manipulation autour des mythes fondateurs de la nation en lien avec les réseaux sociaux est de révéler leur dimension manichéenne en rapport avec la construction de la démocratie en Côte d’Ivoire. En libéralisant la parole, les médias informatisés favorisent l’expression du citoyen lambda mais l’exposent à des discours manipulatoires de tous ordres de la part des hommes politiques. La portée de ces discours impliquant des mythes est questionnée à partir de l’analyse argumentative du discours comme ancrage méthodologique.
Réorganisation des temps enfantins à l’entrée en maternelle des enfants de la cohorte Elfe
Authors: Berthomier Nathalie , Octobre Sylvie
Published: December 2020

À l’âge de 3 ans et demi en moyenne, les enfants de la cohorte Elfe entrent en maternelle et vivent l’une des premières grandes transformations de leur vie personnelle et sociale. Cette première scolarisation s’accompagne, pour certains d’entre eux, de l’entrée dans des structures collectives d’encadrement des loisirs. Cette étape réorganise les temps de l’enfant autour de l’école qui devient centrale, comme en témoigne aussi l’investissement parental dans l’accompagnement des activités et des sorties scolaires, diversement partagé selon les catégories sociales. Au-delà du temps scolaire, l’accueil en centre aéré et l’inscription à des activités extrascolaires encadrées, qui concernent dans les deux cas 17 % des enfants de cet âge, obéissent à des motivations différentes : si le premier répond d’abord à un besoin de mode de garde pour les parents actifs, il en va différemment des loisirs encadrés, qu’ils soient sportifs, artistiques ou culturels, qui traduisent des stratégies éducatives socialement situées. Choisies par les ménages les mieux dotés en capitaux économiques et culturels, ces activités extrascolaires sont investies d’un enjeu éducatif. Elles concernent, dès cet âge précoce, un peu plus les filles que les garçons (18 % contre 15 %), les premières s’engageant dans les loisirs les plus proches de la forme scolaire. Si les activités partagées avec les parents deviennent, avec l’entrée en maternelle, plus liées aux apprentissages scolaires (lecture active, chant, écoute de musique, peinture, dessin ou coloriage), le temps consacré aux écrans progresse de manière différenciée selon les écrans et les usages qu’ils permettent (télévision, ordinateur, jeux vidéo…), mais aussi selon le milieu social.
Bert Williams and the Shadow Art of Racial Mimicry
Authors: Muther Elizabeth
Published: December 2020

A la fin de sa carrière, l’acteur Bert Williams posa en blackface pour une série de photographies qui jouaient avec les ombres, évoquant le concept de « double-conscience » énoncé par W.E.B. Du Bois. Le blackface permit à Williams de devenir une autre personne : une ombre de lui-même mais aussi l’ombre psychique de la race noire telle qu’elle apparaissait dans l’imaginaire racial. Il perfectionna un art du double qui dénonçait ses auditoires en même temps qu’il les divertissait, tout en résistant au contrôle disciplinaire et en renversant la direction du regard – l’épistémè raciste.
Bursting at the (Generic) Seams: Pregnancy Narratives in the Twentieth-Century American Situation Comedy
Authors: Thrasher Chenot Jessica
Published: December 2020

Alors que la sitcom américaine est traditionnellement comprise comme étant un genre télévisuel humoristique et épisodique, les grossesses chez les personnages féminines y figurent comme ressorts narratifs fréquents, et introduisent, pour certaines, des éléments traumatiques qui semblent incongrus dans ces univers comiques. Cet article analyse quelques-unes de ces grossesses fictionnelles afin de cerner la manière dont elles résistent aux conventions génériques la sitcom.
The Antiquities Act: An Essential Yet Controversial Conservation Tool? Bears Ears National Monument, Barack Obama, and Conservative Republicans
Authors: Massip Nathalie
Published: December 2020

Cet article examine les origines et l’histoire de l’Antiquities Act de 1906 à la lumière de la controverse suscitée par la création du Monument National de Bears Ears par Barack Obama en décembre 2016, et de la réduction non moins controversée de cette zone protégée par Donald Trump près d’un an plus tard. Outil indispensable qui permet aux présidents américains de créer des monuments nationaux en délimitant des espaces à protéger, l’Antiquities Act fait aujourd’hui l’objet de beaucoup d’attention, suite à son usage répété par Barack Obama. Pour contourner un Congrès hostile et/ou en pleine impasse, celui-ci n’a eu d’autre choix que de recourir à la loi à de nombreuses reprises. Cette utilisation répétée a eu pour résultat de mettre en danger cet outil, seul à même d’améliorer son bilan en matière de conservation. Depuis sa proclamation de Bears Ears National Monument, les Républicains conservateurs des États de l’Ouest ont mené une campagne acharnée contre l’Antiquities Act. Cet article évalue l’importance de cette loi en tant qu’instrument tant indispensable que menacé, qui confère à l’exécutif un énorme pouvoir en matière de conservation.
Evaluación estadística en el número de publicaciones y citaciones en el área de Artes y Humanidades en Latinoamérica, entre 1996-2018
Authors: Restrepo Betancur Fernando
Published: December 2020

La clasificación de las revistas científicas es de vital interés en la comunidad académica, por lo que se tuvo como objetivo comparar el número de publicaciones y citaciones en Artes y Humanidades en sus distintas áreas del conocimiento, en los países de Latinoamérica, de acuerdo con el reporte efectuado por Scimago Journal and Country Rank, entre los años 1996 a 2018. En el estudio se emplearon las técnicas estadísticas: análisis de clúster, componentes principales y MANOVA. Como resultado, se destacan diferencias entre países en lo relacionado con el número de publicaciones y citaciones, donde Brasil, México, Argentina, Chile y Colombia son los de mayor producción académica, y Surinam, Guyana, Haití, Honduras y Paraguay los de menor producción. Se concluye que existe una gran brecha entre las naciones de Latinoamérica en las estadísticas asociadas con las publicaciones en el área objeto de estudio.
Regards sur l’institutionnalisation des sciences sociales de la santé
Authors: Le Clainche-Piel Marie , Fournier Cécile
Published: December 2020

Quatre chercheuses reviennent sur leur implication dans la création et l’animation de collectifs de pairs en sociologie et en anthropologie de la santé, dans la diffusion de leurs savoirs et la formation des professionnels.
Un film de recherche : différents publics, différents formats
Authors: Duchesne Véronique
Published: December 2020

Ce texte soulève la question de l’absence de définition de cadres éditoriaux pour la diffusion des films réalisés par les anthropologues. Pour ce faire, il examine quatre projections-réceptions du film de l’auteure, Des racines, une loi, consacré à l’institutionnalisation de la médecine traditionnelle en Côte d’Ivoire. Il s’agit de montrer comment un film de recherche est perçu par différents publics, au-delà des problématiques de recherches anthropologiques que l’anthropologue-vidéaste a choisi de mettre en sons et en images. Les projections devant différents publics offrent ainsi le point de départ d’une démarche réflexive anthropo-filmique en s’intéressant aux réceptions, voire aux usages sociaux du film, au-delà du projet scientifique initial.
L’anthropologue effondré. Récit d’un enquêteur malade
Authors: Quinn Etienne
Published: December 2020

Ce texte est le récit d’une mésaventure survenue à l’auteur lors d’un terrain ethnographique. Alors qu’il enquêtait sur les pratiques agricoles dans un village de la Sierra Nevada (Andalousie, Espagne), l’anthropologue fut pris d’une forte fièvre qui le cloua au lit pendant une dizaine de jours, suscitant la sympathie des habitants du village. À partir de cette expérience de “malade” sur le terrain, l’auteur propose une réflexion sur la relation enquêteur/enquêté, qui souligne la tension entre distanciation et immersion, rigueur méthodologique et flexibilité ethnographique, et qui pose la question du positionnement de l’anthropologue vis-à-vis de celles et ceux dont il partage le quotidien, dans un contexte de soins.
La maison déconstruite : perception de l’environnement et de l’espace dans le village de São Francisco do Iratapuru, Amapá, Brésil
Authors: Ribeiro Magda dos Santos
Published: December 2020

En Amazonie brésilienne, entre les États du Pará et d’Amapá, se trouve la Réserve de développement durable de la rivière Iratapuru. En 2014, la construction du barrage de la centrale hydroélectrique Cachoeira de Santo Antônio do Jarí a entraîné la submersion du plus important des villages qui y avaient été établis. Les maisons construites de manière traditionnelle par des peuples locaux vivant essentiellement de la cueillette des noix du Brésil (Bertholletia excelsa) ont été démolies et rebâties par des ingénieurs sans souci des relations entre humains, animaux ou plantes, et environnement dont elles sont un maillon. Cet article propose de réfléchir aux modes de vie et à l’appropriation de l’espace des peuples des forêts, en soulignant la manière dont leur perception environnementale et spatiale guide les différents types d’interaction, de convivialité et de sociabilité, déconstruisant les conceptions normatives de ce qui est intérieur et de ce qui est extérieur.
Breast Ultrasound Image Processing
Authors: Ramamoorthy Strivathsav Ashwin , Gopi Varun P.
Published: December 2020

Breast cancer is a serious disease among women, and its early detection is very crucial for the treatment of cancer. To assist radiologists who manually delineate the tumour from the ultrasound image an automatic computerized method of detection called CAD (computer-aided diagnosis) is developed to provide valuable inputs for radiologists. The CAD systems is divided into many branches like pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction, and classification. This chapter solely focuses on the first two branches of the CAD system the pre-processing and segmentation. Ultrasound images acquired depends on the operator expertise and is found to be of low contrast and fuzzy in nature. For the pre-processing branch, a contrast enhancement algorithm based on fuzzy logic is implemented which could help in the efficient delineation of the tumour from ultrasound image.
Pulomonary Nodule Classification From CT Scan Images Using Machine Learning Method
Authors: K. V. Rekha , Itagi Anirudh , K. P. Bharath , Subramanian Balaji , M. Rajesh Kumar
Published: December 2020

The research work is to enhance the classification accuracy of the pulmonary nodules with the limited number of features extracted using Gray level co-occurrence matrix and linear binary pattern. The classification is done using the machine learning algorithm such as artificial neural network (ANN) and the random forest classifier (RF). In present, lung cancer seems to be the most deadly disease in the world which can be detected only after the computerized tomography (i.e., CT scan images of the person). Detecting the infected portion at the early period is the challenging task. Hence, the recent researchers where under the detection of pulmonary nodules to categorize it either as benign nodules which named as non-cancerous or as malignant nodules which are named as cancerous. When associated the results with the recent papers, the accuracy has been improved in classifying the lung nodules.
Edge Enhancement Method for Detection of Text From Handwritten Documents
Authors: T. Chandrakala H. , G. Thippeswamy
Published: December 2020

Edge detection from handwritten text documents, particularly of Kannada language, is a challenging task. Kannada has a huge character set, amounting to 17,340 character combinations. Moreover, in handwritten Kannada, the character strokes are highly variable in size and shape due to varying handwriting styles. This chapter presents a solution for edge detection of Kannada handwritten documents. Sobel edge detection method, which efficiently enhances the image contrast and detects the character edges, is proposed. Experimentation of this edge detection approach yielded high F-measure and global contrast factor values.
Formal Analysis of Database Trigger Systems Using Event-B
Authors: Le Anh Hong , Van Khanh To , Thuan Truong Ninh
Published: December 2020

Most modern relational database systems use triggers to implement automatic tasks in response to specific events happening inside or outside a system. A database trigger is a human readable block code without any formal semantics. Frequently, people can check if a trigger is designed correctly after it is executed or by manual checking. In this article, the authors introduce a new method to model and verify database trigger systems using Event-B formal method at design phase. First, the authors make use of similar mechanism between triggers and Event-B events to propose a set of rules translating a database trigger system into Event-B constructs. Then, the authors show how to verify data constraint preservation properties and detect infinite loops of trigger execution with RODIN/Event-B. The authors also illustrate the proposed method with a case study. Finally, a tool named Trigger2B which partly supports the automatic modeling process is presented.
Atypical presentations of idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Authors: Chen Benson S. , Newman Nancy J. , Biousse Valérie
Published: December 2020

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disorder of unknown etiology that results in isolated raised intracranial pressure. Classic symptoms and signs of IIH include headache, papilledema, diplopia from sixth nerve palsy and divergence insufficiency, and pulsatile tinnitus. Atypical presentations include: (1) highly asymmetric or even unilateral papilledema, and IIH without papilledema; (2) ocular motor disturbances from third nerve palsy, fourth nerve palsy, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, diffuse ophthalmoplegia, and skew deviation; (3) olfactory dysfunction; (4) trigeminal nerve dysfunction; (5) facial nerve dysfunction; (6) hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction; (7) lower cranial nerve dysfunction including deviated uvula, torticollis, and tongue weakness; (8) spontaneous skull base cerebrospinal fluid leak; and (9) seizures. Although atypical findings should raise a red flag and prompt further investigation for an alternative etiology, clinicians should be familiar with these unusual presentations.
House-edge information yields lower subjective chances of winning than equivalent return-to-player percentages: New evidence from support forum participants
Authors: Newall Philip W.S. , Walasek Lukasz , Ludvig Elliot A. , Rockloff Matthew J.
Published: December 2020

Information messages that communicate the average cost of play are a helpful consumer protection tool in gambling. In Australia and the United Kingdom, cost of play information is typically communicated via the “return-to-player” statistic, e.g., “This game has an average percentage payout of 90%.” Through a sample recruited through a gambling support forum (n = 49), this paper reports how house-edge information (e.g., “This game keeps 10% of all money bet on average”) is associated with lower perceived chances of winning, as opposed to equivalent return-to-player information. Accordingly, this study also extends the literature on optimal gambling messaging to a group of support forum users.RésuméLes messages destinés à renseigner les joueurs sur le coût moyen des activités de jeux de hasard constituent une mesure de protection du consommateur utile. En Australie et au Royaume-Uni, cette information est habituellement transmise sous forme de statistique précisant le « taux de retour », par exemple : « Ce jeu a un taux de retour de 90 %. » Cette étude montre, sur la base d’un échantillon recruté au sein d’un forum de soutien aux joueurs (n=49), que les messages axés sur la marge de profit des maisons de jeu (par ex. « La maison conserve en moyenne 10 % des sommes misées  ») ont une incidence négative sur la perception des chances de gagner, contrairement aux messages sur le taux de retour. Nos conclusions ajoutent aux connaissances sur la nature des messages à adresser aux membres des groupes de soutien aux joueurs.