bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jerzy Jan Pilecki (1908-1981), a Poznan dermatologist and venereologist, the brother of the cursed soldier Witold Pilecki
Authors: Magowska Anita
Published: August 2022

Artykuł przedstawia życie i działalność lekarską Jerzego Pileckiego (1908-1981), poznańskiego dermatologa i wenerologa. Na jego losy wpływał fakt, że był bratem rotmistrza Witolda Pileckiego (1901-1948), organizatora Tajnej Armii Polskiej, ruchu oporu w KL Auschwitz, a po zakończeniu II wojny światowej antykomunistycznego podziemia, którego powiązane z Moskwą władze Polski skazały na karę śmierci. Jerzy Pilecki rozpoczął studia lekarskie w Wilnie, gdzie odbył przeszkolenie wojskowe, a ukończył w Poznaniu. Podczas II wojny światowej służył w 77. pułku piechoty AK Okręgu Nowogródzkiego. W czasie haniebnego procesu wytoczonego bratu przez władze komunistyczne ukrywał się. Po studiach pracował w Klinice Dermatologicznej Akademii Medycznej w Poznaniu, następnie w poradniach chorób skórnych i wenerycznych okresowo powiązanych ze szpitalem przy ul. Lutyckiej w tym mieście. Był cenionym dermatologiem i wenerologiem.
The noble jugglery. Unfortunate visionary at the time of scientific revolution
Authors: Początek Michał
Published: August 2022

Artykuł przedstawia życie i działalność naukową Alberta Wojciecha Adamkiewicza (1850-1921), neurofizjologa, neuroanatoma, neuropatologa i neurologa, niezwykłego i wybitnego uczonego, który żył w okresie burzliwego rozwoju nauk medycznych i przyrodniczych w Europie XIX wieku. Adamkiewicz był beneficjentem, a zarazem ofiarą swoich czasów oraz własnego geniuszu. Jego błyskotliwa kariera akademicka załamała się niespodziewanie i spektakularnie. Znaczący i niewątpliwy wkład Adamkiewicza do dorobku polskiej i europejskiej neurologii został przez historię oceniony dwuznacznie, ze względu na wady charakteru uczonego, złe osobiste decyzje życiowe, a być może po prostu wskutek niedostrzeżonych przez środowisko akademików i lekarzy objawów poważnej choroby.
Vitamin D3 in acute respiratory infections in patients under age five in a health institution in Colombia
Authors: Fontalvo-Rivera Dilia , Mazenett Enrique , Àlvarez-Zambrano Cristian , Gómez-Camargo Doris
Published: August 2022

Aim. describe the clinical behavior in acute respiratory infections in patients under age five in a Colombian health institution after VD3 administration. Trial studies are required to determine this potential benefit. 
Material and Methods. A performed series of 38 patients of both genders, aged 0-60 months to whom 50,000 units of VD3 were orrally administered per month for three months is described. The number of episodes, visits to the emergency room, and hospitalizations due to acute respiratory infections (ARI) before and after VD3 administration were described.
Results. The average age of the participants was 25.81 ± 17.50 months. The average number of ARI clinical events per month was 4.02 (95% CI 3.64-4.40) prior to VD3 administration. The number of episodes reduced at the end of the three cycles was 2.23/month (95% CI 1.81-2.65; p = 0.0230). The average number of emergency room visits during three months prior to the VD3 administration was 2.15 (95% CI 1.77-2.53). After three months of treatment, the average number of emergency room visits decreased to 0.52 (95% CI 0.32-0.72; p = 0.0180). Prior to VD3 administration, 31.58% required hospitalization. After the administration of three VD3 doses, only one patient required hospitalization (2.63%; x̄:0.026 (95% CI 0.02-0.03; p = 0.0368).
Conclusions. Vitamin D3 administration could have a benefit in reducing the number of ARI episodes, emergency room visits, and hospitalalizations in children under age five.
A Research on the Factors Affecting the Preference of Medical Specialization Branches
Authors: Öztürk Nazife , Gençtürk Mehmet
Published: August 2022

Aim. The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting the preferences of specialization in the field of medicine.
Materials and Methods. Mixed research and exploratory sequential research design were used. In the exploratory phase, data were collected from specialist physicians (n=14) and findings were analyzed by descriptive and content analysis. In the light of qualitative findings, a measurement tool was developed and applied to medical school students and the physicians who prepared specialty exams (n = 502).
Results. Qualitative findings were structured under 3 themes: individual, occupational and systemic factors. The measurement tool, which was named “Physicians' Preference Tendencies of Specialty Branch” was structured as 42 items and 7 dimensions: risk, comfort, health problems, status, emotional interest, gender, and marital status emerged.
Conclusions. Although there are many factors that affect preferences of the medical field, it is concluded that personality traits and idealism of individuals and mortality rates associated with branch or field of medicine are the most significant professional factors, while the risks and the exposure to violence and the application of the additional payment based on the performance of candidates are the systemic factors that affect selections and preferences. Also, it was concluded that qualitative data obtained in the research were supported with quantitative data.
The practicality of forensic auditing techniques to detect non-government orgnaisations’ financial statement fraud in South Africa using a proactive approach
Authors: Mvunabandi Jean Damascene , Nomlala Bomi Cyril , Patrick Harold
Published: August 2022

This article empirically investigated proactive financial statement fraud detection techniques 30 among nongovernment organisations in the eThekwini region, South Africa. The data for this thesis was gathered from 87 staff via the use of a mixed research method with knowledgeable individuals in the field of fraud risk management. SPSS used descriptive statistics analysis while all the interview questions were analysed using conventional thematic analysis via NVivo. Robustness analysis was entirely performed using AMOS for CFA was used to estimate statistical models. SEM simultaneously estimated the link between detective financial statement fraud practices. The study’s results and findings of both the questionnaire and interviews reflected statistically significant agreement that NGOs should use proactive forensic auditing techniques in order to detect financial statement fraud among NGOs in the eThekwini region of South Africa.
Assessment of PVS Filtering Methods Using a Three-Dimensional Computational Model
Authors: Bernal Jose , Valdés-Hernández Maria , Escudero Javier , Duarte Roberto , Ballerini Lucia , Bastin Mark , Deary Ian , Thrippleton Michael , Touyz Rhian , Wardlaw Joanna
Published: August 2022

Growing interest surrounds the assessment of perivascular spaces (PVS) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their validation as a clinical biomarker of adverse brain health. Nonetheless, the limits of validity of current state-of-the-art segmentation methods are still unclear. Here, we propose an open-source three-dimensional computational framework comprising 3D digital reference objects and evaluate the performance of three PVS filtering methods under various spatiotemporal imaging considerations (including sampling, motion artefacts, and Rician noise). Specifically, we study the performance of the Frangi, Jerman and RORPO filters in enhancing PVS-like structures to facilitate segmentation. Our findings were three-fold. First, as long as voxels are isotropic, RORPO outperforms the other two filters, regardless of imaging quality. Unlike the Frangi and Jerman filters, RORPO’s performance does not deteriorate as PVS volume increases. Second, the performance of all “vesselness” filters is heavily influenced by imaging quality, with sampling and motion artefacts being the most damaging for these types of analyses. Third, none of the filters can distinguish PVS from other hyperintense structures (e.g. white matter hyperintensities, stroke lesions, or lacunes) effectively, the area under precision-recall curve dropped substantially (Frangi: from 94.21 [IQR 91.60, 96.16] to 43.76 [IQR 25.19, 63.38]; Jerman: from 94.51 [IQR 91.90, 95.37] to 58.00 [IQR 35.68, 64.87]; RORPO: from 98.72 [IQR 95.37, 98.96] to 71.87 [IQR 57.21, 76.63] without and with other hyperintense structures, respectively). The use of our computational model enables comparing segmentation methods and identifying their advantages and disadvantages, thereby providing means for testing and optimising pipelines for ongoing and future studies.
Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents for Preclinical and Clinical Bioimaging
Authors: Ban Deependra
Published: August 2022

Visualization of deep biological structures in human and animal bodies is not possible through the naked eye due to the scattering of visible light by tissues in tolerable intensities. Different types of imaging modalities based on electromagnetic and pressure waves have been developed that help us image deep biological tissues with varying resolution and contrast. Some of the most widely used modalities are X-ray imaging, ultrasound imaging, MRI imaging, fluorescence imaging, and photoacoustic imaging. Although these techniques have significantly helped the advancement of our understanding of deep biological tissues and functions, they often require the use of exogenous contrast agents to improve their image quality for better investigation. Nanoparticle-based contrast agents have captivated scientists because of multiple advantages associated with them such as their excellent photophysical and chemical properties, ability to be precisely delivered at the target, and superlative tunability. This article is aimed to give a brief outlook on the recent state of art advances in the usage of nanoparticles for preclinical and clinical bioimaging through fluorescence, photoacoustic, and MRI imaging modalities.
The Solar Flares Demonstrate the Solar Interior Layers: The Inner and Backside Solar Flares
Authors: Mawad Ramy
Published: August 2022

Although the Sun is a huge gaseous body, the solar inner layers are not visible, with the opacity of the convection zone. Moreover, the surface events are related to or extended from the solar interior layers according to the previous study such as [12]. Is it possible that the location of the surface events are related to the inner layers? The aim of the study is to study the possibility of a relationship between the solar flares’ locations with the solar interior layers. The current study uses the angular central distance from the center of the solar dist to the solar flare’s location (distance) of X-Ray solar flares from GOES (during 1975-2021) and RHESSI (during 2002-2021). The distance curvature of this distribution demonstrates and reflects the solar interior layers with giving about 4 peaks. The primary and higher peak is about 15°-20° which demonstrates and reflects the edge of the solar core. Other peaks reflect other interior layers including radiative and convection zones. The solar core radius increases with increasing the strength of the solar cycle progressive, and vice versa.
Comparison of the Influence of Two Types of Plasma Treatment of Short Carbon Fibers on Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Composites Filled With These Treated Fibers
Authors: Novotná Jana , Kormunda Martin , Tomková Blanka
Published: August 2022

The interfacial interface between the fibers and the matrix plays a key role for epoxy matrix composites and short recycled randomly arranged fibres. This study used short recycled carbon fiber (RCF) as a filler. Plasma treatment was used for carbon fiber surface treatment. This treat-ment was performed using radio (RF) and microwave (MW) frequencies at the same pressure and atmosphere. Appropriate chemical modification of the fiber surfaces helps to improve the wettability of the carbon fibers and, at the same time, allows the necessary covalent bonds to form between the fibers and the epoxy matrix. The effect of the plasma treatment was analyzed and confirmed by XPS analysis, Raman microscopy, SEM, TEM and wettability measurements. Composite samples filled with recycled carbon fibers with low concentrations (1 wt%, 2.5 wt% and 5 wt%) and high concentrations (20 wt% and 30 wt%) were made from selected treated fi-bers. The mechanical properties (impact toughness, 3PB) were analyzed on these samples. It was found that the modulus of elasticity and bending stress increase with the increasing content of recycled carbon fibers. A more significant change in impact strength occurred in samples with low concentration.
A Facile Way to Modify Polyester Fabric to Enhance the Adhesion Behavior to Rubber
Authors: He Hongwei , Wu Pengfeng , Yang Zeguang , Shi Zhihao , Yu Wenwen , Liu Fuyong , Zhu Fengbo , Zheng Qiang , Zhang Dezhong , Li Shumin
Published: August 2022

Due to the extremely inert surface of the polyester (PET) fabric, a toxic and traditional resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex (RFL) dipping solution is always needs to be used in in rubber composite industry. Unfortunately, other effective methods for fabric surface treatment are in urgent needed to improve the poor bonding interface between the fabric and the rubber matrix. In our study, a facile way to modify PET fabric was developed. Specifically, the fabric is treated by an alkaline solution and a coupling agent with magnetic agitation. Afterwards, the treated fabric/rubber composites are prepared through a co-vulcanization process. Attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the surface chemical compositions of the modified fabrics. The adhesion behavior is analyzed by the peel test. The results show that the fabric surface is successfully grafted with a coupling agent, and the peel strength reaches 9.8 N/mm after KH550 treatment, which is increased 32% compared with that of the original fabric/rubber composites. In addition, the vulcanization rate and interfacial fracture mechanism are also researched.
A Dpagt1 Missense Variant Causes Early Degenerative Retinopathy without Myasthenic Syndrome in Mice
Authors: Hyde Lillian F. , Kong Yang , Zhao Lihong , Rao Sriganesh Ramachandra , Wang Jieping , Stone Lisa , Njaa Andrew , Collin Gayle B. , Krebs Mark P. , Chang Bo , Fliesler Steven J. , Nishina Patsy M. , Naggert And Jürgen K.
Published: August 2022

Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) are a heterogenous group of primarily autosomal recessive mendelian diseases caused by disruptions in the synthesis of lipid linked oligosaccha-rides and their transfer to proteins. CDGs affect multiple organ systems and vary in presentation, even within families. Here we describe a chemically induced mouse mutant, tvrm76, with early onset photoreceptor degeneration. The recessive mutation was mapped to Chromosome 9 and as-sociated with a missense mutation in the Dpagt1 gene encoding UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:dolichyl-phosphate N-acetyl-D-glucosaminephosphotransferase (EC 2.7.8.15). The mutation is predicted to cause a substitution of aspartic acid with glycine at residue 166 of DPAGT1. Increased expression of Ddit3, and elevated levels of HSPA5 (BiP) sug-gest the presence of early-onset endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. These changes were associated with induction of photoreceptor apoptosis in tvrm76 retinas. Mutations in human DPAGT1 cause Myasthenic Syndrome 13 and severe forms of Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation Type Ij. In contrast, Dpagt1tvrm76 homozygous mice present with congenital photoreceptor degeneration without overt muscle or muscular junction involvement. Our results suggest the possibility of DPAGT1 mutations in human patients that present primarily with retinitis pigmentosa with little or no muscle disease. Variants in DPAGT1 should be considered when evaluating cases of non-syndromic retinal degeneration.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL HURUF HIJAIYAH MELALUI MEDIA PAPAN FLANEL
Authors: Sari Nastika , Wahyuningsih Siti , Palupi Warananingtyas
Published: August 2022

Huruf hijaiyah merupakan huruf-huruf arab yang terhimpun menjadi satu sehingga memiliki makna tertentu dan terdapat dalam Alquran yang berguna untuk latihan ejaan membaca dan menulis Alquran. Papan flanel adalah media visual yang efektif untuk menyajikan pesan tertentu kepada sasaran tertentu pula, salah satunya kepada sasaran didik. Papan berlapis kain flanel ini dapat dilipat dan praktis. Gambar-gambar yang akan disajikan dapat dipasang dan dilepas dengan mudah, sehingga dapat dipakai berkali-kali. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal huruf hijaiyah melalui media papan flanel pada anak kelompok A1 TK Aisyiyah Sumber III Surakarta tahun ajaran 2016/2017.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama dua siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah anak kelompok A1 TK Aisyiyah Sumber III Surakarta tahun ajaran 2016/2017 yang berjumlah 25 anak ( 7 laki-laki dan 18 perempuan ). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif.Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, tes dan dokumentasi.Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan kemampuan mengenal huruf hijaiyah melalui media papan flanel dari pratindakan ke siklus I dan dari siklus I ke siklus II. Ketuntasan pada pratindakan sebesar 40%, 3 anak mendapat nilai bintang 6, 2 anak mendapat nilai bintang 7 dan 5 anak mendapat nilai bintang 8. Siklus I 60%, 3 anak mendapat nilai bintang 6, 7 anak mendapat nilai bintang 7 dan 5 anak mendapat nilai bintang 8. Siklus II 84%, 2 anak mendapat nilai bintang 6, 6 anak mendapat nilai bintang 7 dan 13 anak mendapat nilai bintang 8. Peningkatan tersebut dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya kemampuan mengenal dan melafalkan huruf hijaiyah dengan fasih dan secara berurutan serta meniru tulisan huruf hijaiyah dengan benar.

 

Kata kunci: huruf hijaiyah, media papan flanel

 

 
Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Orang Tua terhadap Pola Asuh Anak
Authors: Miyati Dian Sih , Rasmani Upik Elok Endang , Fitrianingtyas Anjar
Published: August 2022

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan membuktikan pengaruh tingkat pendidikan orang tua terhadap pola asuh anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei ex post facto. Populasi penelitian ini adalah orang tua yang memiliki anak usia 5-11 tahun di Dawung Kulon, Serengan, Serengan, Surakarta. Sampel yang dipilih adalah 125 orang tua. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah proportional random sampling. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan yaitu angket,observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Validitas instrumen menggunakan teknik analisis corrected item-total correlation. Analisis data untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan analisis statistik regresi linear berganda melalui pengujian parsial (uji t) dan pengujian koefisien determinan (r square) dengan taraf signifikansi sebesar 0,05 menggunakan bantuan SPSS 16 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif yang signifikan dari tingkat pendidikan orang tua terhadap pola asuh anak, ditunjukkan dari hasil uji t hitung sebesar 2,328 dengan signifikansi 0,000. Hal ini dapat dijelaskan bahwa setiap peningkatan nilai tingkat pendidikan orang tua akan meningkatkan nilai pola asuh, sehingga dapat digunakan untuk menjelaskan bahwa tingkat pendidikan orang tua merupakan salah satu faktor munculnya pola asuh anak.

 

Kata Kunci : Tingkat Pendidikan, Orang Tua, Pola Asuh, Anak

       

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine and prove the effect of the level of education of parents on parenting styles. An ex post facto survey method was used in this study. The population of this research were parents who have children aged 5-11 years in Dawung Kulon, Serengan, Surakarta. One hundred and twenty-five parents was selected as the sample. Proportional random sampling was performed. The data collection techniques used were questionnaires, observation, interviews, and documentation. The validity of the instrument used the corrected item-total correlation analysis technique. Data analysis to test the hypothesis used statistical analysis of multiple linear regression through partial testing (t test) and testing of the determinant coefficient (r square) with a significance level of 0.05 using the help of SPSS 16 for windows. The result showed that there was a significant positive effect of the level of parental education on parenting, as indicated by the t-test result of 2.328 with a significance of 0.000. This result can explain that each increase in the value of the level of parental education will increase the value of parenting, so that it can be used to explain that the level of education of parents is one of the factors in the emergence of child parenting.

 

Keywords: Level of Education, Parents, Parenting Styles, Children
Building Public Health Surveillance 3.0: Emerging Timely Measures of Physical, Economic, and Social Environmental Conditions Affecting Health
Authors: Thorpe Lorna E. , Chunara Rumi , Roberts Tim , Pantaleo Nicholas , Irvine Caleb , Conderino Sarah , Li Yuruo , Hsieh Pei Yang , Gourevitch Marc N. , Levine Shoshanna , Ofrane Rebecca , Spoer Benjamin
Published: August 2022

In response to rapidly changing societal conditions stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic, we summarize data sources with potential to produce timely and spatially granular measures of physical, economic, and social conditions relevant to public health surveillance, and we briefly describe emerging analytic methods to improve small-area estimation.

To inform this article, we reviewed published systematic review articles set in the United States from 2015 to 2020 and conducted unstructured interviews with senior content experts in public heath practice, academia, and industry. We identified a modest number of data sources with high potential for generating timely and spatially granular measures of physical, economic, and social determinants of health.

We also summarized modeling and machine-learning techniques useful to support development of time-sensitive surveillance measures that may be critical for responding to future major events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(10):1436–1445. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306917 )
Roger Bacon’s New Metaphysics (1260-1292): The Integration of Language Study and Natural Science With Metaphysics and Morals
Authors: Hackett Jeremiah
Published: August 2022

The paper presents evidence that Roger Bacon was endeavoring to structure what he considered as a “new metaphysics”. Moreover, it identifies the Opus maius as Bacon’s new preliminary text in metaphysics and morals. The evidence is found in the Communia naturalium and in the Communia mathematica, in which one finds a reference to the Opus maius as a sketch for a new metaphysics. From part seven of the latter work, namely, the Moralis philosophia, one can see that Bacon views the latter work as closely connected to his new metaphysics. In fact, the material in the Communia mathematica connects his studies on languages to the communication of his moral vision. I present a review of the sources for the different parts of the Opus maius. This is followed by an account of Bacon’s philosophical sources. It becomes clear that Bacon was acquainted with Plato’s Meno, Phaedo and part of the Timaeus with Calcidius’s Commentary. The variety and significance of his Neo-Platonic sources are outlined. It turns out that Bacon was not an Avicennian substance-dualist. Moreover, the paper demonstrates the extent to which Bacon’s criticism of Averroes was based on his natural philosophy. Bacon presents an account of human intellectual knowledge which is clearly based on and refers to his account of human perceptual knowledge in his Perspectiva. He uses his account of an integrated perceptual and intellectual human individual being to question the Latin Averroist’s claim that there is one possible intellect for all human beings.
'Virtus' and 'species' in the Philosophy of Nature of Roger Bacon (c. 1220-1293)
Authors: Kedar Yael
Published: August 2022

The paper examines Roger Bacon’s use of the concept virtus in the Communia naturalium and De multiplication specierum. It focuses on the roles which virtus and species play as vehicles of causality in the inanimate realm. It analyses the distinct functions played by virtus in the motion of celestial spheres, the power of natural place, the attraction of iron to magnet, and the universal nature. The analysis concludes that virtus is an efficient power, a feature of form, capable of causing local motion and instigating natural processes. Species is matter’s response to the stimulation made by virtus through which every natural action, to the exclusion of local motion, is made. Species is a non-efficient power, an ‘appetite’ internal to matter. It is an expression of matter’s inherent inclination to promote and perfect itself, the result of matter’s ‘active potentiality’.
Introduction: Roger Bacon within the Medieval Setting. New Findings / Abbreviations
Authors: Kedar Yael , Hackett Jeremiah
Published: August 2022

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Supporting bank and near-bank stabilization and habitat using dredged sediment : documenting best practices
Authors: Gailani Joseph , Suedel Burton , McQueen Andrew , Lauth Timothy , Scheiblechner Ursula , Toegel Robert
Published: August 2022

In-water beneficial use of dredged sediment provides the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) the opportunity to increase beneficial use while controlling costs. Beneficial use projects in riverine environments include bank and near-bank placement, where sediments can protect against bank erosion and support habitat diversity. While bank and near-bank placement of navigation dredged sediment to support river-bank stabilization and habitat is currently practiced, documented examples are sparse. Documenting successful projects can support advancing the practice across USACE. In addition, documentation identifies data gaps required to develop engineering and ecosystem restoration guidance using navigation-dredged sediment. This report documents five USACE and international case studies that successfully applied these practices: Ephemeral Island Creation on the Upper Mississippi River; Gravel Island Creation on the Danube River; Gravel Bar Creation on the Tombigbee River; Wetland Habitat Restoration on the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta; and Island and Wetland Creation on the Lower Columbia River Estuary. Increased bank and near-bank placement can have multiple benefits, including reduced dredge volumes that would otherwise increase as banks erode, improved sustainable dredged sediment management strategies, expanded ecosystem restoration opportunities, and improved flood risk management. Data collected from site monitoring can be applied to support development of USACE engineering and ecosystem restoration guidance.
Research on complementary underwear
Authors: Yishida Yasuhiko , Kamiura Shoji , Horiuchi Kiri
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe main changes in women's body shape due to aging include the descent of the breasts, tension in the abdomen, descent of the hips, increase in fat from the waist to the pelvis, and loss of waist definition. We adopted a system in which skilled body fitters correctly fitted subjects with underwear of different functions made based on the corrective underwear step system. Design/methodology/approachThis study was designed to use a three-dimensional (3D) body scanner to examine (1) the effects of aging and other factors on body shape changes, and (2) the status of the effect of moving and fixing fat flowing to the axillae and back to improve body shape.FindingsThe results of the 8-month study have suggested that the system affected changes in the body shape, especially in the breasts. OriginalityBy using this method, not only the body line can be expected to improve.
Exercise Interventions for the Management of Sarcopenia: Possibilities and Challenges
Authors: Edwards Hope Rose , Jones Huw , Mosely Jamie , Marshall Thomas , El-Khamisy Sherif F , Aung Myo Nyein , Farrow Matthew
Published: August 2022

Skeletal muscles undergo macroscopic changes, including atrophy and myosteatosis, alongside microscopic changes in their phenotype due to ageing. Sarcopenia is a muscle disease that affects older people and is characterised by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle, resulting in reduced muscle function and a decrease in quality of life. A lack of early diagnosis increases the risk of immobility and disability; highlighting the need for effective early indicators and interventions to prevent disease progression and improve muscle health. Following the onset of sarcopenia current treatment relies upon a progressive resistance training (RT) programme to promote muscle hypertrophy and improve physical performance by the upregulation of protein synthesis and the increase in type II muscle fibre size. However, RT is not appropriate for all patients, and is infrequently integrated into medicine or social care for older people. Alternative interventions to RT include multi-modal training, low-intensity blood-flow restriction training, and whole-body vibration training. Understanding the macroscopic and microscopic changes in the skeletal muscle in response to different interventions is essential to recognising their validity and further utility as a preventative intervention. Unfortunately, these changes are yet to be elucidated within the literature. Once effective exercise interventions have been established, barriers to exercise need to be identified and resolved. This will ensure that effective interventions are easily accessible for those who are diagnosed or at risk of developing sarcopenia.
Characteristics of Open Globe Injury in Children under 6
Authors: Li Rui , Zhang Ying , Wang Chenguang , Qi Shounan
Published: August 2022

Background: To analyze the clinical characteristics of open globe injury (OGI) in children not yet 6.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 106 OGI children presented to The Eye Center of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, China, from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2020. Results: A total of 106 children, including 61 males (57.5%) and 54 females (42.5%), were included, and the mean age was 4.14±1.58 years, with 53.8% injuries in the right eye. Sharp objects (57.5%) were primarily responsible for OGI, including knives for 22 cases (20.8%), glass and porcelain fragments for 18(17.0%), thorn-like objects for 10(9.4%), wooden materials for 10(9.4%). Up to 91.5% of wounds occurred in zone I. The penetrating injury incidence (68 cases, 64.2%) was highest in OGI cases. Concomitant symptoms of OGI included traumatic cataract (47.2%), iris prolapse (44.3%), endophthalmitis (22.4%), vitreous prolapse (17.0%), retinal detachment (5.7%), eyelid laceration (7.5%), and orbital fractures (1.9%). The mentioned wooden materials and thorns-like objects were associated with endophthalmitis development (p=0.045), and delayed admission ≥24h was an independent risk factor for its onset (p=0.008). Postoperative visual acuity was significantly correlated with its preoperative counterpart (p<0.001).Conclusions: Among OGI children under 6, the number of males is slightly larger than that of females. Sharp objects were the main causes of OGI. Raising awareness of the severity of OGI in children and study of the risk factors for endophthalmitis will help develop effective prevention strategies to reduce the incidence of ocular complications. Amblyopia should be attended to during OGI children’s recovery.
Quality assessment of Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) for the diagnosis and treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease using the AGREE II instrument: A Systematic Review.
Authors: Zambrano-Sánchez Renato , Alvarez-Mena Paulina , Hidalgo Diego , Liquitay Camila Micaela Escobar , Franco Juan.V.A. , Vernooij Robin W.M. , Simancas-Racines Daniel , Viteri-García Andrés , Montesinos-Guevara Camila
Published: August 2022

Background: The incidence and diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased considerably in recent years. Many clinical practice guidelines (CPG) have been developed for the management of this disease across different clinical contexts, however, little evidence exists on their methodological quality. Therefore, we aimed to systematically evaluate the quality of CPGs for the diagnosis and treatment of IBD using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) instrument. Methods: We identified CPGs by searching databases (MEDLINE - PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS) and other sources of gray literature on January 2022. We included guidelines with specific recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of IBD and evaluated them with the AGREE II instrument to assess their methodological quality. Six independent reviewers assessed the quality of the guidelines and resolved conflicts by consensus. We assessed the degree of agreement using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and change in quality over time was appraised in two periods: from 2012 to 2017 and from 2018 to 2022.Results: We analyzed and evaluated 26 CPGs that met the inclusion criteria. The overall agreement among reviewers was moderate (ICC: 0.74; 95% CI 0.36 - 0.89). The mean scores of the AGREE II domains were: "Scope and purpose" 84.51%, "Stakeholder involvement" 60.90%, "Rigor of development" 69.95%, "Clarity of presentation" 85.58%, "Applicability" 26.60%, and "Editorial independence" 62.02%. No changes in quality were found over time. Conclusions: The quality of the CPGs evaluated was generally good, with a large majority of the assessed guidelines being "recommended" and "recommended with modifications"; despite this, there is still room for improvement, especially in terms of stakeholder involvement and applicability. Efforts to develop high quality CPGs for IBD need to be further optimized.
Hypoperfusion of amygdala in chronic migraine: an exploratory quantitative perfusion imaging using 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling
Authors: Li Xin , Liu Mengqi , Chen Zhiye
Published: August 2022

Background: Amygdala, an essential element of the limbic system, has served as an important structure in pain modulation. Although previous studies have described the structural and functional abnormalities of amygdala in chronic migraine (CM), less is known about the altered perfusion. The study aimed to measure amygdala perfusion in CM with a contrast agent-free and quantitative approach. Methods: Thirteen CM patients and 15 normal controls were enrolled in the examination, and were performed with conventional brain structural imaging sequences and 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D-PCASL). The amygdala was used as a seed region to extract volume and cerebral blood flow (CBF) value of all subjects. The correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were used to observe the perfusion changes and explore underlying mechanism of neurolimbic pain-modulation in CM.Results: Decreased cerebral perfusion of bilateral amygdala was identified in CM (left amygdala, 42.21±4.49 ml/100mg/min; right amygdala, 42.38±4.41 ml/100mg/min) compared with NC (left amygdala, 48.31±6.92 ml/100mg/min; right amygdala, 47.88±6.53 ml/100mg/min). There was no any significant correlation between the perfusion of bilateral amygdala and the clinical variables. And there was no significant difference for the bilateral amygdala volume between two groups. The area under curve (AUC) for the CBF value of left and right amygdala were 0.78 (95%CI 0.58-0.91) and 0.75 (95%CI 0.55-0.89), respectively. The cut-off value was 44.24 ml/100mg/min (left amygdala, with sensitivity 76.90% and specificity 78.70%) and 46.75 ml/100mg/min (right amygdala, with sensitivity 92.3% and specificity 58.80%).Conclusion: CM presented hypoperfusion in bilateral amygdala, which had potential diagnostic efficacy in discriminating CM from NC. The 3D-PCASL could be considered as a simple and effective tool to identify the perfusion status in migraine.
Minimally Invasive Surgery for Orchidopexy in Children with Cryptorchidism: Reducing the Need for an Inguinal Incision
Authors: Guo Qiang , Li Xia , Zhong WenWen , Ye Lei , Yao Bing , Ma Bo , Qu Hu , Wang ZhongYang , Qiu JianGuang , Wang Dejuan
Published: August 2022

Backgroud:
This study was to summarize our experience with minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of boys with cryptorchidism.
Methods
A retrospective study of laparoscopic orchidopexy (group A = 29) and laparoscopic ligation of the patent processus vaginalis (PPV) plus trans-scrotal orchidopexy (group B = 78) was conducted between July 2018 and July 2021.
Results
Seven patients had to be converted to trans-inguinal surgery in group A. In the remaining 22 patients, successful laparoscopic orchidopexy was performed. The discharge rate on post-operative day 1 was 93.5%, but there was no difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). The operative time of group B in bilateral cryptorchidism was significantly shorter than group A (p < 0.05), but there was no difference in the case of unilateral cryptorchidism (p > 0.05). There was no testicular retraction, testicular atrophy, inguinal hernia, or hydrocele during the follow-up period in both groups. Although the incidence of post-operative fever and poor wound healing in group B was higher than in group A, this was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Laparoscopic and trans-scrotal surgery are safe and effective methods for patients with cryptorchidism, reducing the need for trans-inguinal surgery.
Hypothalamic proteome analysis of insomnia rats treated by abdominal massage
Authors: Ye Zhang , de Yu Cong , Yufeng WANG , Peng LIU , Wu Siyuan , Zhi Xiaoyu , Lou Huijuan , Zhang Hongshi
Published: August 2022

Objective: To analyze differential protein expression in the hypothalamus of insomnia rats treated by abdominal massage using proteomic assays.Methods: The insomnia model was established by single intraperitoneal injection of p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) in rats. Then, the rats were divided into four groups, including the blank (B), insomnia model A (MA), insomnia model B (MB) and abdominal massage-treated insomnia (T) groups, with six rats in each group. Behavior experiments were carried out, and differential proteins in the hypothalamus of rats were identified and assessed for biological properties.Results: Based on weight, locomotor activity, righting reflex and Morris water maze (MWM) data, there were statistically significant differences after modeling, indicating the success of model establishment.Comparing the three groups of differential proteins, P97887 (presenilin-1) and A0A0G2JSP8 (creatine kinase) had elevated amounts after modeling and decreased levels after massage. Meanwhile, P19969 (gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5) and Q99P99 (histone deacetylase 4) were significantly decreased after modeling and significantly increased after massage treatment. Of the 4 tested proteins, 3 (presenilin-1, creatine kinase, and GABA alpha-5) showed trends consistent with mass spectrometry.Conclusion: Abdominal massage can treat insomnia by modulating P97887, A0A0G2JSP8, P19969, Q99P99 and other proteins are expressed during the treatment of insomnia.
Quality of life in pregnancy after percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect guided by transthoracic echocardiography
Authors: Qiu Zhi-Huang , Zong Zhen-Fang , Wu Qing-Song , Xiao Jun , Chai Tian-Ci , Chen Xiao-Dong , Shen Yue , Chen Liang-Wan
Published: August 2022

Purpose
We evaluated quality of life (QoL) in pregnant women who underwent transthoracic echocardiography-guided percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects (ASDs).
Methods
A total of 45 pregnant women underwent transthoracic echocardiography-guided percutaneous closure of ASD. We assessed QoL using the short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), and compared results between preoperative and postoperative patients, as well as between those with ASD and healthy pregnant women in their second and third trimesters of pregnancy.
Results
All patients showed improved right ventricular function after operation, and had an NYHA classification of ClassⅠ. Mean SF-36 scores of the postoperative group were better on all sub-scales than those of the pre-operation group (p < 0.05), with the exception of role-emotional and mental health. Mean scores for the preoperative group were also lower on all sub-scales than those of healthy pregnant controls (p < 0.05), with the exception of role-physical, role-emotional, and mental health. There was no difference between the postoperative group and healthy pregnant controls. In a subgroup analysis, scores were better in some dimensions (social functioning, and role-emotional) for post-operative patients in the 31–40 years of age group and the group on their second or third pregnancies than those of the 20–30 years of age group and the group on their first pregnancies (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
After closure of ASD, QoL in pregnant women was improved. In a subgroup analysis, the younger women and those on their first pregnancy performed more poorly in some dimensions. This suggested that these groups should receive more proactive intervention.
Efficacy of the shoelace technique for extremity fasciotomy wounds due to compartment syndrome
Authors: Onoe Atsunori , Muroya Takashi , Nakamura Yoshihiro , Nakamura Fumiko , Yagura Takuma , Nakajima Mari , Kishimoto Masanobu , Sakuramoto Kazuhito , Kajino Kentaro , Ikegawa Hitoshi , Kuwagata Yasuyuki
Published: August 2022

Background
The shoelace technique for compartment syndrome allows application of sustained tightening tension to an entire wound and intermittent tightening of the shoelace without requiring replacement or anesthesia. We retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of the shoelace technique in the management of extremity fasciotomy wounds before and after its introduction in our institution.
Methods
We targeted 25 patients who were diagnosed as having compartment syndrome and underwent extremity fasciotomy at our hospital from April 2012 to December 2021. The N group, comprising 12 patients treated without the shoelace technique, and the S group, comprising 13 patients treated with the shoelace technique, were compared retrospectively for each endpoint.
Results
There were no significant differences between the two groups in patient background. Compared with the N group patients, a significant number of S group patients avoided skin grafting (S group: n = 0, 0%; N group: n = 6, 50.0%; p < 0.01) and experienced fewer days to final closure (S group: 26.3 ± 13.7 days; N group: 49.6 ± 36.2 days, p = 0.041).
Conclusions
We considered the shoelace technique to be a useful wound closure method for fasciotomy wounds caused by compartment syndrome because it can reduce skin grafting and shorten the wound closure period.
Role of Corneal Epithelial Thickness during Myopic Regression in Femtosecond Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis and Transepithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy
Authors: Li Hua , Han Qichao , Zhang Jiafan , Shao Ting , Wang Huifeng , Long Keli
Published: August 2022

Background
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in corneal epithelial thickness and the outcome of myopic regression after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TPRK).
Methods
This study included 45 eyes of 25 patients undergoing FS-LASIK and 44 eyes of 24 patients undergoing TPRK. Myopic regression occurred in these patients postoperatively from 8 to 21 months. The corneal epithelial thickness was measured using a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography at the onset of regression, 3 months after treatment, and 3 months after drug withdrawal.
Results
Compared with that of preoperation, corneal epithelial thickness increased when regression occurred in both groups (all P < 0.05). The thickness of central corneal epithelium in FS-LASIK and TPRK groups reached 65.02 ± 4.12 µm and 61.63 ± 2.91 µm, respectively. The corneal epithelial thickness decreased when myopic regression subsided after 3 months of steroid treatment compared to the onset (P < 0.05). With a decrease in corneal epithelial thickness, the curvature of the anterior corneal surface, central corneal thickness, and refractive power all decreased (all P < 0.05). The corneal epithelial thickness and refractive error remained relatively stable after 3 months of treatment withdrawal (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
The corneal epithelial thickness determined the outcome of myopic regression similarly in FS-LASIK and TPRK. When the corneal epithelium thickened, regression occurred. After steroid treatment, epithelial thickness decreased whereas regression subsided.
Experimental and numerical investigations of an asymmetric multi-bolted connection preloaded and subjected to monotonic loads
Authors: Grzejda Rafał , Kwiatkowski Konrad , Parus Arkadiusz
Published: August 2022

The experimental tests of seven-bolted connection with an asymmetric contact area between the joined elements are presented. The research was divided into two stages. In the first one, the connection was preloaded in a three-pass cycle. In the second stage, the connection was loaded with a monotonic alternating force applied at an angle of 30 degrees to the contact surface of the joined elements in order to generate compressive and shear forces in the connection. The tests were carried out with the use of the INSTRON 8850 testing machine. As a result of the research, the courses of forces in the bolts measured with use of resistance strain gauges and the relative displacements between the joined elements measured with an extensometer were shown. In the second part of the paper, the modelling of the connection in the convention of the finite element method is presented. The joined elements were modelled with use of spatial finite elements, and the fasteners – as a hybrid elements made of deformable beams, rigid heads and rigid nuts. The paper is completed with a comparison of the results obtained from the measurements and calculations, on the basis of which conclusions important from the point of view of the FEM analyst were drawn.
A contextual association between malaria and urbanization: Temporal and spatial analysis in Ghana
Authors: Savi Merveille Koissi , Pandey Bhartendu , Swain Anshuman , Lim Jeongki , Callo-Concha Daniel , Wahjib Mohammed , Borgemeister Christian
Published: August 2022

In West Africa, malaria is a leading cause of disease-induced fatalities. While it is generally thought that urbanization reduces malaria incidence, the relationship between urbanicity, i.e., the impact of living in urban areas, and transmission remains unclear. This study aims to explore this association in Ghana, using eight district-level datasets comprising epidemiological, health, hygiene, and education data over four years (2015–2018) aggregated by sex and age groups. Applying a series of aspatial and spatial quantitative analysis methods, we showed significant heterogeneity in malaria incidences across space and socio-demographic groups. We find that the determinants of malaria incidence vary depending on the degree of urbanization. Moreover, there is a seasonal signature of malaria temporal dynamic that is not perceptible in big urban regions. A denser population in urban areas is associated with an increased malaria incidence. In peri-urban areas, an increase in malaria incidence is associated with a denser vegetation cover. In rural areas, built areas are associated with an increase in malaria incidence. The findings suggest that understanding and addressing malaria incidences vis-à-vis urbanization will require a focus on these contextual factors.