bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las empresas de inserción como salida laboral para las personas en riesgo de exclusión social
Authors: Sevillano Monje Verónica
Published: December 2023

Las empresas de inserción son un recurso laboral poco conocido y tenido en cuenta en nuestra sociedad. No obstante, cumplen una importante función social que abarca la formación y orientación profesional y la inserción sociolaboral de las personas en riesgo de exclusión. Fueron muchos los hechos que hicieron resurgir las empresas de inserción en España impulsando la creación de una ley estatal que las regulara. En este estudio bibliográfico se pretende conocer los antecedentes de las empresas de inserción, su conceptualización, el desarrollo profesional y el proceso de inserción sociolaboral que realizan, el papel de los profesionales en los itinerarios de inserción, así como la labor específica que desarrollan cubriendo un vacío imposible de cubrir por los Servicios Públicos de Empleo. Tras la revisión bibliográfica, se concluye que los futuros profesionales de la educación deberían conocer estas empresas como posibles oportunidades laborales. Además, dar a conocer las empresas de inserción como una intervención práctica y eficaz para las personas en riesgo de exclusión social que, en muchas ocasiones, se encuentran desamparadas en el acceso al mercado laboral y a la sociedad.
“…De todo el valor y gastos que tuvo esta administración”. Análisis diplomático de la documentación contable de la oficina de correos de Cartagena de Indias (1765-1777).
Authors: Moreno Cabanillas Rocío
Published: December 2023

La administración de correos de Cartagena de Indias se configuró como un organismo productor de una abundante cantidad de documentación variada en su tipología documental y en el contenido de la misma. El documento escrito se convirtió en el vehículo por el que la administración de correos comunicaba a las autoridades superiores hispanas el desarrollo de las actividades de dicho organismo, el resultado de sus datos económicos, así como los sucesos ocurridos en el espacio americano. En este artículo se realiza un análisis diplomático de la documentación contable originada por la estafeta cartagenera donde se refleja el proceso administrativo y normativo, así como la tipología documental de la misma.
Los derechos humanos y las migraciones como elementos clave en la función social de los informativos televisados en España
Authors: Monedero Morales Carmen del Rocío , Mercado Saez María Teresa
Published: December 2023

La cobertura informativa de la migración irregular en las noticias televisivas, lejos de acercarse a planteamientos alineados con los derechos humanos, se basa en la dramatización desde esbozos sensacionalistas, dándose una propensión a las connotaciones negativas (problema, amenaza, delincuencia, etc.). En la presente investigación se han analizado los informativos nocturnos de las televisiones generalistas de ámbito nacional en España al objeto de medir una serie de aspectos respecto al tratamiento de las informaciones referidas a derechos humanos y migraciones. Para la consecución de este objetivo se ha utilizado una metodología de análisis de contenido de corte cuantitativo mediante la adaptación de uno de los criterios del indicador de rentabilidad social en comunicación (irscom), concretamente el referido a los objetivos de programación desde una perspectiva de utilidad para la ciudadanía. Entre las principales conclusiones destacan la escasa cantidad y diversidad de piezas informativas sobre estas temáticas, así como de los encuadres con los que se abordan. Además de una clara tendencia a la espectacularización, a través del abuso de noticias sobre la llegada de pateras que evocan percepciones de crisis en las que las personas migrantes y sus circunstancias rara vez son tomadas como fuentes noticiosas.
Resistências e proibicionismos na saúde mental: o uso de drogas como o bicho de sete cabeças da atualidade
Authors: Procópio da Silva Ana Paula , De Jesus César Monica
Published: December 2023

Poucos temas da saúde pública provocam tantas opiniões divergentes e debates acalorados quanto o uso de drogas, seja daquelas instituídas como lícitas, no caso das bebidas alcoólicas, ou das ilícitas, como a maconha, a cocaína e o crack. Trata-se de uma questão que foi sendo midiaticamente transformada num bicho de sete cabeças e que, na atualidade, articula diferentes esferas de governo e políticas públicas além da saúde – sendo a segurança pública e a assistência social as mais recorrentes –, mobilizando parcelas significativas do fundo público no seu enfrentamento. Estes elementos escapam ao senso comum e carecem de pesquisa, reflexão e sistematização para o adensamento do debate pautado em apropriações críticas das múltiplas determinações que constituem o tema como uma questão política.
O divino despertar para além do manicômio
Authors: Barbosa Miranda Olívia , Vieira Menezes Costa Thaísa
Published: December 2023

O presente relato de caso baseia-se numa experiência de desinstitucionalização ocorrida num Caps I, no interior do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Descreve o trabalho realizado pela equipe do Caps junto a um sujeito diagnosticado com transtorno mental grave e à sua família. O resgate da subjetividade e o processo de reinserção social, após anos vivendo em hospitais psiquiátricos, despontam como prioritários. O estudo traz uma reflexão sobre os desafios do processo de retorno à sociedade e o papel dos serviços substitutivos, em articulação com o papel da família e da equipe de saúde mental durante a transição do manicômio para a comunidade.

 

Palavras-Chave: desinstitucionalização; saúde mental; serviços de saúde mental; família.
Prof. Dra. Sônia Barros: resgatando a política de Saúde Mental no Brasil
Authors: Simões Cardoso de Melo Ana Inês , Teixeira de Almeida Ney Luiz
Published: December 2023

Entrevista com a professora doutora Sônia Barros
A teoria racial crítica do pensamento de Fanon e suas encruzilhadas
Authors: Lima Costa Roberta
Published: December 2023

Resenha do livro Frantz Fanon e as encruzilhadas: teoria, política e subjetividade, de Deivison Faustino.
Pemberdayaan Kader Surabaya Hebat (SUHEB) RW 03 Kelurahan Rungkut Menanggal Surabaya Melalui ToT Pelatihan Aplikasi Monitoring Pengolahan Sampah Menjadi Biogas
Authors: Hariadi Victor , Buliali Joko Lianto , Saikhu Ahmad , Purwananto Yudhi , Amaliah Bilqis , Wijaya Arya Yudi
Published: December 2023

Kegiatan abdimas ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan kader Surabaya Hebat (SUHEB) di RW 03 Kelurahan Rungkut Menanggal, Surabaya. Seperti kita ketahui bersama bahwa Pemkot Surabaya telah memberikan peran kepada masyarakat Kota Surabaya untuk menjadi kader bagi lingkungan sekitarnya. Ada beragam pilihan, salah satunya adalah menjadi kader kesehatan. Kader ini bertugas melaksanakan rangkaian kegiatan memantau kemungkinan terjadinya wabah penyakit melalui monitoring indikator-indikator penyebab dan penyuluhan kesehatan lingkungan. Oleh karena itulah tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat ITS berencana untuk memberdayakan kader SUHEB dengan cara memberikan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan tambahan kepada para kader ini melalui pelatihan ToT tentang pengolahan sampah rumah tangga menjadi energi biogas. Pengetahuan dan ketrampilan ini nantinya dapat ditularkan oleh para kader SUHEB ini kepada warga di lingkungan RW 03 Kelurahan Rungkut Menanggal Surabaya. Tingkat kemanfataan pengolahan sampah rumah tangga menjadi biogas ini cukup tinggi. Selain dapat mengurangi volume sampah harian dari setiap rumah, biogas yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan untuk beragam keperluan sehari-hari, antara lain menjadi energi alternatif yang lebih murah dan memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi (terutama UMKM yang menggunakan gas untuk produksinya), atau dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar sampah anorganik yang masih tersisa dan tidak dapat dirubah menjadi biogas (seperti sampah plastik, kemasan, dan lain sebagainya). Partisipasi warga yang telah menjalankan program pengolahan sampah menjadi biogas ini dapat dipantau bersama oleh warga dan kader SUHEB melalui aplikasi berbasis android.
Peningkatan Promosi Wisata Kampung Lawas Maspati melalui Digital Marketing
Authors: Nurkasanah Ika , Ramadina Raysa Farah Mumtaz , Nurfatikha Rih Prajna , Rahmawati Aisyah , Az-Zahra Farah Helga , ER Mahendrawathi , Suryani Erma , Wibisono Arif
Published: December 2023

Seiring berkembangnya zaman, teknologi digital semakin canggih dan menjadi penting bagi sektor industri dalam mengembangkan industrinya dengan lebih efektif dan efisien. Indonesia mempunyai potensi wisata yang besar, sehingga sektor pariwisata pun turut mengikuti tren digitalisasi tersebut. Salah satu daerah yang berpotensi di sektor wisata yaitu Kampung Wisata Lawas Maspati yang berlokasi di Jl. Maspati Gg. VI, Kecamatan Bubutan, Kota Surabaya. Kampung ini merupakan daerah bersejarah yang banyak dikunjungi oleh masyarakat. Namun, dengan terbatasnya jumlah dan kemampuan sumber daya manusia, penggunaan kanal digital untuk manajemen pemasaran di tempat wisata tersebut masih kurang optimal. Meski telah memiliki media sosial, namun kanal tersebut sifatnya hanya dokumentasi kegiatan warga dan belum persuasif untuk mengajak wisatawan berkunjung atau membeli produk dari UMKM yang ada. Sementara, pihak manajemen menginginkan adanya peningkatan jumlah wisawatan dan pelanggan produk. Media sosial seperti Instagram, TikTok, dan berbagai media sosial lainnya akan digunakan sebagai media promosi dan dianalisis kecocokannya dengan segmen wisatawan dan pelanggan produk Kampung Lawas Maspati. Dalam penyampaian informasi melalui media tersebut, tim merumuskan dan menyediakan timeline konten promosi dan membuatkan konten pilot untuk perbaikan media sosial, serta membuatkan panduan branding agar ke depannya pengurus menjadi mandiri untuk mengunggah materi promosi di media sosial.
Pelatihan Pemberdayaan Usaha Kreatif dan Inovatif dalam Pembuatan Makanan Ringan dengan Lima Varian Rasa di Desa Ceweng Diwek Jombang
Authors: Minarto Eko , Purwanto Agus , Hapsari Yanurita Dwi , Faridawati F
Published: December 2023

Fenomena perubahan perilaku belanja masyarakat, menjadi faktor utama dilakukannya pelatihan pemberdayaan usaha kreatif dan inovatif dalam pembuatan makanan ringan aneka kripik ini. Sentuhan kreatifitas dan inovasi dalam produk yang dijual perlu diberikan, agar produk yang ditawarkan menarik minat pembeli dan memiliki jangkauan pemasaran yang luas. Pelatihan pembuatan makanan ringan aneka kripik ini meliputi cara pembuatan makanan ringan dengan berbagai macam rasa, yaitu rasa original, pedas, manis, keju dan barbeque. Dari aspek kreatifitas kami memberikan sentuhan kreatifitas desain packaging serta inovasi pada model pemasaran digital. Mitra pada pelatihan ini adalah 24 orang Ibu-ibu rumah tangga di Desa Ceweng Kecamatan Diwek Kabupaten Jombang. Berdasarkan analisa kuisioner terkait kebermanfaatan pelatihan, materi pelatihan, dan kemampuan instruktur, yang disebarkan kepada peserta pelatihan, diperoleh hasil rata-rata sebesar 87,5% merasa puas terhadap pelatihan yang dilakukan. Sehingga bisa disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan ini berhasil dan memberikan manfaat bagi ibu-ibu rumah tangga yang berada di Desa Ceweng.
Peninggian Jalan Prof. Hamka Kota Probolinggo Jawa Timur untuk Membantu Akses Kendaraan pada Jalan Keluar-Masuk RSUD Kota Probolinggo
Authors: Buana Cahya , Prastyanto Catur Arif , Istiar Istiar , Rahardjo Budi , Kartika Anak Agung Gde , Widyastuti Hera , Herijanto Wahju , Lasminto Umboro , Iranata Data , Rahmawati Farida , Sari Putu Tantri Kumala , Ansori Mohamad Bagus
Published: December 2023

Saat ini pembangunan RSUD Kota Probolinggo terdapat issue terkait akses masuk ke rumah sakit. Pada kondisi eksisting terdapat jembatan yang menghubungkan Jalan Prof. Hamka dengan rumah sakit yang memiliki perbedaan elevasi cukup besar. Hal ini mengakibatkan kendaraan yang akan keluar-masuk dari rumah sakit mengalami kesulitan untuk melewati jembatan tersebut. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka Pemerintah Kota Probolinggo melalui Dinas Pekerjaan Umum, Penataan Ruang, Perumahan dan Kawasan Permukiman Pemerintah Kota Probolinggo melakukan kerja sama pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan DKPU ITS untuk membuat kajian detail desain peninggian jalan pada Jl. Prof. Hamka, agar mempunyai beda elevasi yang tidak besar dengan jembatan jalan akses menuju RSUD Kota Probolinggo. Desain jalan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data topografi area sekitar jalan, data tanah, data hujan dan data lalu lintas serta diskusi dengan pihak BBPJN VIII Wilayah Jawa Timur dan Bali. Hasil dari desain peninggian jalan didapatkan tebal perkerasan kaku adalah 55 cm dengan perkuatan geotekstil dan dinding penahan tanah, dimensi saluran tepi dengan menggunakan U-ditch 50x50x120 cm dan box culvert 80x100x120, pemasangan rambu, marka dan penerangan jalan umum. Hasil dari studi tersebut digunakan untuk membantu operasional RSUD Kota Probolinggo terkait perbaikan akses masuk rumah sakit dari jalan nasional.
Reading Sound as a Decolonial Method: Discovering Aurality in the French-Algerian Archive
Authors: Weitzel Michelle D.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This article makes a case for "reading sound" in archives, oral histories, and written testimonies and models the process via a reflexive engagement with the author's own research. Drawing on examples from French colonial archives in the Archives Nationales d'Outre Mer and the Service Historique de la Defense, it discusses how to make sounded references meaningful, ways to think about finding patterns across sound events, and why scholars might bother. Paying attention to the sonic, as well as to broader sensory and aesthetic events in the historical records, offers an inroad by which to adopt an "anarchival sensibility". This move opens space to think history differently, putting embodied experiences and norms, and the modalities of perception and knowledge production that constitute those experiences, at the forefront of scholarly knowledge production. As such, a sonic rereading of the archive offers one route by which to decolonize the historiography of the Algerian War of Independence and the era of French colonization more broadly. Abstract: Cet article plaide en faveur de la « lecture sonore » dans les archives, les histoires orales et les témoignages écrits et modélise les processus par un engagement réflexif à partir des recherches de l'auteure. S'appuyant sur des exemples tirés des archives coloniales françaises des Archives d'Outre-Mer et du Service Historique de la Défense, il explique comment donner du sens aux références sonores, comment réfléchir à la recherche des modèles à travers des événements sonores et pourquoi les chercheurs pourraient s'en soucier. Prêter attention aux sons, ainsi qu'aux événements sensoriels et esthétiques plus larges dans les documents historiques, offre une ouverture permettant l'adoption d'une « sensibilité anarchivique ». Cette évolution donne l'occasion de penser l'histoire différemment, en plaçant les expériences et les normes incarnées, ainsi que les modalités de perception et de production des connaissances que constituent ces expériences, au premier plan de la production des connaissances scientifiques. Et tant que telle, une relecture sonore des archives offre une voie pour décoloniser l'historiographie de la guerre d'indépendance algérienne et, plus largement, de l'ère de la colonisation française.
The Algerian Revolution Through a Yugoslav Lens
Authors: Perišić Alexandra
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This article explores the Yugoslav involvement in the Algerian War through the archival collection of Zdravko Pečar and Veda Zagorac, a married couple of Yugoslav journalists and diplomats who founded the Belgrade Museum of African Art. The archive Pe?ar and Zagorac built contains many photographs of the Algerian War that strive to counter French propaganda, by representing the ALN in a different light and focusing mostly on the joy of revolution, rather than its bloody consequences. This archive of friendship and revolution, as I call it, reveals overlooked solidarities that underpinned the revolution, as it complements our understanding of the international ramifications of the Algerian struggle. Images were used in the war not merely to document its reality but also to prefigure a new national and international order. As such, these photographs allow us to write a de-colonial Algerian history through the lens of its Yugoslav allies. Abstract: Cet article explore l'implication yougoslave dans la guerre d'Algérie, en utilisant comme base la collection d'archives de Zdravko č et Veda Zagorac, un couple marié de journalistes et diplomates yougoslaves qui ont fondé le Musée d'art africain de Belgrade. Les archives constituées par č et Zagorac contiennent de nombreuses photographies de la guerre d'Algérie qui s'efforcent de contrer la propagande française, en représentant l'ALN sous un jour différent et en se concentrant principalement sur la joie de la révolution plutôt que sur ses conséquences sanglantes. Ces archives d'amitié et de révolution, comme je les appelle, révèlent des solidarités négligées qui ont soutenu la révolution. Elles complètent, en outre, notre compréhension des ramifications internationales de la lutte algérienne. Les images ont été utilisées pendant la guerre non seulement pour documenter sa réalité mais aussi pour préfigurer un nouvel ordre national et international. À ce titre, ces photographies permettent d'écrire une histoire décoloniale de l'Algérie, à travers l'objectif de ses alliés yougoslaves.
Portrait of the Algerian Jew as a Berber: Old and New Narratives of Belonging in Postcolonial Algerian Jewish Literature
Authors: Wygoda Tsivia Frank
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This article analyzes a motif in post-1962 Algerian Jewish literature: a Berber Jewish imaginary, i.e., the fascination with an ancient, legendary Berber Jewish shared history as the symbolic foundation upon which many Algerian-born Jewish authors base their sense of belonging to their native land. Through the affective, symbolic, and poetic structures of these narratives of origins and memory, and their multilayered historical legacies, I argue that this Berber Jewish imaginary testifies to the power of literature to access an entangled, multiethnic, transcultural, transnational belonging upended by French imperialism and to unearth forgotten histories of Algeria and Algerianness. Yet it also unveils the lingering paradox of postcolonial Algerian Jewish identity. Abstract: Cet article analyse un motif de la littérature juive algérienne d'après 1962 : l'imaginaire juif berbère, c'est-à-dire, la fascination pour une histoire commune juive berbère ancienne et légendaire en tant que fondement symbolique sur lequel de nombreux auteurs juifs nés en Algérie fondent leur sentiment d'appartenance à leur terre natale. À travers les structures affectives, symboliques et poétiques de ces récits d'origines et de mémoire, et leurs héritages historiques à plusieurs niveaux, je soutiens que cet imaginaire juif berbère témoigne du pouvoir de la littérature d'accéder à une appartenance enchevêtrée, multiethnique, transculturelle et transnationale bouleversée par l'impérialisme français et de déterrer des histoires oubliées de l'Algérie et de l'algérianité. Mais il dévoile également le paradoxe persistant de l'identité juive algérienne postcoloniale.
How Blue Is Read: Language and Sensation in Literature and Philosophy
Authors: Gaskill Nicholas
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Philosophers and art critics have long argued that the language of color misses or even mars the ineffable sensation of color. But a literary perspective shows otherwise. Starting with examples of colors read but not seen, and then discussing how philosophers have addressed (and often muddled) the so-called problem of color, I propose thinking of color terms as techniques for stabilizing and directing color sensations. I then show how William H. Gass and Maggie Nelson develop a version of this idea in their respective books about blue, which are really books about the relationship between writing and quality.
The pre-thirteenth-century nave of Leighlin Cathedral: A reassessment of the building and its historical context
Authors: Gem Richard
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Published accounts of Leighlin Cathedral, Co. Carlow, have interpreted it as a structure of essentially no earlier than the late-thirteenth or early-fourteenth century, with a series of alterations thereafter down to the sixteenth century, followed by restorations in the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries. The aim of this paper is to challenge the received interpretation of the earliest phase or phases of the fabric, presenting a case for the existing nave being a pre-thirteenth-century structure, built at least in part under Bishop Dúngal Ua Cáellaide ( c . 1145×1152–1181) assisted by the patronage of Murchad Mac Gormáin, lord of the trícha cét of Uí Bairrche. Part I of the paper provides an analysis of the fabric and sets it into a contemporary architectural context. Part II examines the likely historical context of the building, insofar as this can be reconstructed.
Clonfert Cathedral: Its medieval building phases and the date of the chancel
Authors: Manning Conleth
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The building history of the cathedral of Clonfert, Co. Galway, is analysed and the main medieval phases are described and discussed. Particular attention is paid to Phase 5, dating to the fifteenth century, and the suggestion is made that these major works were carried out under bishop Cornelius Ó Cuinnlis with patronage from the fourth earl of Ormond, a major patron of church architecture including, as is claimed here, the famous Jerpoint cloister arcade. It is argued that the chancel at Clonfert was added to the building during this phase and that its fine early-thirteenth-century double east window was dismantled from its original position at the east end of what was until then a simple rectangular church and reassembled in its present position. Reassembly marks, extremely rare if not unique survivals in Ireland, were used in this process. It is also suggested that a room above the sacristy may have served as an anchorhold.
Super-resolution terahertz synthetic aperture image reconstruction algorithm
Authors: Wang Ningbo , Qi Feng
Published: December 2023

The resolution of terahertz images based on the near-field synthetic aperture radar (NSAR) imaging mode is low due to the narrow antenna beamwidth and the electromagnetic wave loss that was ignored by previous algorithms. We propose a super-resolution terahertz NSAR imaging algorithm. There are two algorithm steps: First, we use the forward mathematical model of the NSAR imaging system and the back-projection algorithm (BPA) to calculate the point spread function (PSF). The next step is to deconvolve the NSAR image reconstructed by BPA to enhance its lateral resolution. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we conducted both simulations and experiments. The experiment results show that the proposed method achieves a resolution of 0.67λ, which is a significant improvement. Overall, the proposed method has great potential to enhance the resolution of THz images and advance the use of THz technology in various fields.
Shifty invisibility cloaks
Authors: Courtial Johannes , Bělín Jakub , Soboňa Matúš , Locher Maik , Tyc Tomáš
Published: December 2023

We recently presented what we believe are new cloaking strategies [Bělín et al., Opt. Express 27, 37327 (2019)10.1364/OE.27.037327], abstracted from the properties of an ideal-lens cloak that exists in theory only. Key to the cloaking strategies is that objects on the cloak’s inside are imaged to its outside. In the simplest case, interior objects appear simply shifted, forming a “shifty cloak”. Here we connect our work to several previous investigations of shifty cloaks and other shifty devices, designed using standard transformation optics, thereby bringing our cloaking strategies closer to experimental realization. We investigate to the best of our knowledge novel combinations of shifty cloaks, specifically Janus devices and optical wormholes. Finally, we demonstrate an experimental realization of a paraxial shifty cloak.
Nonlinear photonic crystals for completely independent asymmetric holographic imaging
Authors: Wang Bingxia , Li Yilin , Shen Xiang
Published: December 2023

Nonlinear photonic crystals (NPCs) are microstructures characterized by
a spatially modulated second-order nonlinear coefficient that have
been extensively used for the generation and beam-shaping of coherent
light at new frequencies. NPCs for asymmetric optical transmission
have a significant impact on novel and multifunction photonic devices.
However, nonreciprocal NPCs capable of completely independent
asymmetric holographic imaging for the opposite propagation directions
have not been reported. Here, we propose a holographic combiner for a
different independent image generation at the second-harmonic (SH)
wavelength when illuminated from opposite sides of NPCs. The design of
the holographic combiner is based on a 3D nonlinear detour phase
holography and an orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing
nonlinear holography. This work achieves completely independent
asymmetric holographic imaging at the SH frequency by using NPCs,
which may have potential applications in classical and quantum optical
devices.
Deep-learning assisted fast orbital angular momentum complex spectrum analysis
Authors: Zhou Shiyun , Li Lang , Gao Chunqing , Fu Shiyao
Published: December 2023

Analyzing the orbital angular momentum (OAM) distribution of a vortex beam is critical for OAM-based applications. Here, we propose a deep residual network (DRN) to model the relationship between characteristics of the multiplexed OAM beam and their complex spectrum. The favorable experimental results show that our proposal can obtain both the intensity and phase terms of multiplexed OAM beams, dubbed complex spectrum, with a wide range of OAM modes, varying in intensity, phase ratio, and mode intervals at high accuracy and real-time speed. Specifically, the root mean square error (RMSE) of intensity and phase spectrum is evaluated as 0.002 and 0.016, respectively, with a response time of only 0.020 s. To the best of our knowledge, this work opens a new sight for fast OAM complex spectrum analysis and paves the way for numerous advanced domains that need real-time OAM complex spectrum diagnostic like ultrahigh-dimensional OAM tailoring.
Analytical fields of an ultrashort, radially polarized laser with spatial chirp
Authors: Jolly Spencer , Porras Miguel
Published: December 2023

We find the analytical electromagnetic fields, both paraxial and with non-paraxial corrections, of an ultrashort radially-polarized pulse-beam that has spatial chirp. This represents a powerful description of light that has a combination of both vector polarization and space-time structure, and results in a novel evolution of the fields. The non-paraxial corrections allow for the application of the field solutions to tightly-focused scenarios, whereby we can validate our solution via charged particle trajectories under the influence of such a pulse with high field strength.
Less negative impacts of climate change on crop yields in West Africa in the new CMIP6 climate simulations ensemble
Authors: Sultan Benjamin , Ahmed Aicha Ilmi , Faye Babacar , Tramblay Yves
Published: December 2023

Food insecurity is among one of the greatest risks posed by climate change in Africa, where 90 to 95% of African food production is rainfed and a large proportion of the population already faces chronic hunger and malnutrition. Although, several studies have found robust evidence of future crop yield losses under climate change scenarios, there is wide variation among crops and regions as well as large modeling uncertainties. A large part of this uncertainty stems from climate projections, as climate models may differ in simulating future changes in precipitation and temperature, which could lead to different future crop production scenarios. This work examines the impacts of climate change on crop yields of maize, millet and sorghum in West Africa using climate change projections from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5th Phase (CMIP5) and from the new generation of climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6th Phase (CMIP6). We use the SIMPLACE crop modeling framework to simulate historical and future crop yields, and bootstrap techniques to evaluate projected changes in crop productivity between the CMIP5 and CMIP6 ensembles. Using the new generation of climate models CMIP6, we find that the negative crop yield projections shown by CMIP5 simulations are largely reduced, with even large increases in crop yields when the effect of atmospheric CO2 concentration is considered in the crop model. These differences in crop yield impacts between the CMIP5 and CMIP6 simulations are mainly due to different climate projections of temperature and precipitation in West Africa; CMIP6 projections being significantly wetter and cooler by mid-century and to a lesser extent by the end of the century. Such results highlight the large uncertainties that remain in assessing the impacts of climate change in the region and the consequent difficulty for end-users to anticipate adaptation strategies.
Transcriptomic and functional screening of weapon formation genes implies significance of cell adhesion molecules and female-biased genes in broad-horned flour beetle
Authors: Sugiyama Miyu , Ozawa Takane , Ohta Kunihiro , Okada Kensuke , Niimi Teruyuki , Yamaguchi Katsushi , Shigenobu Shuji , Okada Yasukazu
Published: December 2023

For understanding the evolutionary mechanism of sexually selected exaggerated traits, it is essential to uncover its molecular basis. By using broad-horned flour beetle that has male-specific exaggerated structures (mandibular horn, head horn and gena enlargement), we investigated the transcriptomic and functional characters of sex-biased genes. Comparative transcriptome of male vs. female prepupal heads elucidated 673 sex-biased genes. Counter-intuitively, majority of them were female-biased (584 genes), and GO enrichment analysis showed cell-adhesion molecules were frequently female-biased. This pattern motivated us to hypothesize that female-biased transcripts (i.e. the transcripts diminished in males) may play a role in outgrowth formation. Potentially, female-biased genes may act as suppressors of weapon structure. In order to test the functionality of female-biased genes, we performed RNAi-mediated functional screening for top 20 female-biased genes and 3 genes in the most enriched GO term (cell-cell adhesion, fat1/2/3, fat4 and dachsous). Knockdown of one transcription factor, zinc finger protein 608 (zfp608) resulted in the formation of male-like gena in females, supporting the outgrowth suppression function of this gene. Similarly, knockdown of fat4 induced rudimental, abnormal mandibular horn in female. fat1/2/3RNAi, fat4RNAi and dachsousRNAi males exhibited thick and/or short mandibular horns and legs. These cell adhesion molecules are known to regulate tissue growth direction and known to be involved in the weapon formation in Scarabaeoidea beetles. Functional evidence in phylogenetically distant broad-horned flour beetle suggest that cell adhesion genes are repeatedly deployed in the acquisition of outgrowth. In conclusion, this study clarified the overlooked functions of female-biased genes in weapon development.
The feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of real-time monitors and SMS on tuberculosis medication adherence in southwestern Uganda: Findings from a mixed methods pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Musiimenta Angella , Tumuhimbise Wilson , Atukunda Esther C. , Mugaba Aaron T. , Musinguzi Nicholas , Muzoora Conrad , Bangsberg David , Davis J. Lucian , Haberer Jessica E.
Published: December 2023

We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial among patients initiating treatment for drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB). Participants received real-time electronic adherence monitors and were randomized (1:1:1) to: (i) daily SMS (reminders to TB patients and notifications to social supporters sent daily for 3 months, then triggered by late or missed dosing for 3 months); (ii) weekly SMS (reminders to TB patients and notifications to social supporters sent weekly for 3 months, then triggered by late or missed dosing for 3 months); or (iii) control (no SMS). Feasibility was mainly verified by the technical function of the intervention at Month 6. The primary outcome was percent adherence as ascertained by the real time monitor. Quantitative feasibility/acceptability data were summarized descriptively. Percentage adherence and adherence patterns were assessed and compared by linear regression models. Qualitative acceptability data was collected through interviews and analyzed using content analysis. Among 63 participants, the median age was 35 years, 75% had no regular income, and 84% were living with HIV. Feasibility was demonstrated as most of the daily [1913/2395 (80%)] and weekly [631/872 (72%)] SMS reminders to TB patients were sent successfully. Also, most of the daily [1577/2395 (66%)] and weekly [740/872 (85%)] SMS notifications to social supporters and adherence data (96%) were sent successfully. Challenges included TB status disclosure, and financial constraints. All patients perceived the intervention to be useful in reminding and motivating them to take medication. Median adherence (IQR) in the daily SMS, weekly SMS, and control arms was 96.1% (84.8, 98.0), 92.5% (80.6, 96.3), and 92.2% (56.3, 97.8), respectively; however, differences between the intervention and control arms were not statistically significant. Real-time monitoring linked to SMS was feasible and acceptable and may have improved TB medication adherence. Larger studies are needed to further assess impact on adherence and clinical outcomes.

Trial registration. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT03800888. https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT03800888.
Potential risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and associated sociodemographic characteristics: A cross-sectional evaluation of a large cohort of women living with HIV in north-central Nigeria
Authors: Ajumobi Olufemi , Itanyi Ijeoma Uchenna , Ogidi Amaka Grace , Slinkard Samantha A. , Ezeanolue Echezona Edozie
Published: December 2023

Males have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors such as alcohol use, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity, and smoking based on limited data available from two tertiary health centers in Nigeria. Increasing age and lower educational level influence smoking among the same population in northeastern and northwestern Nigeria. Specifically in women living with HIV (WLHIV), the association between demographic characteristics and CVD risk factors has not been described. In a multi-center cross-sectional study, we documented the association of sociodemographic characteristics with potential CVD risk factors among a large cohort of WLHIV attending five treatment sites in north-central Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional study among 5430 women of reproductive age who received antiretrovirals at five selected treatment sites in Benue State, Nigeria. We performed multivariable regression of sociodemographic characteristics on potential cardiovascular risk factors, namely, smoking, alcohol consumption, and contraceptive use. We found participants’ mean age was 33.2 (standard deviation: 6.1) years. Prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption, and contraceptive use were 0.6%, 11%, and 7% respectively. Older WLHIV (≥ 40 years) had a negative association with contraceptive use (aOR: 0.58, 95%CI: 0.42–0.81). Being educated WLHIV had a positive association with contraceptive use (aOR: 1.34, 95%CI: 1.02–1.76) and a negative association with tobacco smoking (aOR: 0.37, 95%CI: 0.16–0.83). Being a farmer had a negative association with alcohol consumption (aOR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.35–0.52) and contraceptive use (aOR: 0.61, 95%CI: 0.48–0.76). Compared to being married, being in a single relationship had positive association with alcohol consumption (aOR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.08–1.56) while parenting was associated with 165% higher odds of contraceptive use (aOR: 2.65, 95%CI: 1.73–4.06). In conclusion, the low prevalence of smoking exists among women living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment. Older age, farming and being married are potential deterrents to lifestyle risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among this population. To improve HIV-related treatment efforts and outcomes, implementing interventions aimed at lifestyle behavioral modification among this population has the potential to reduce cardiovascular disease risks.
Difficulties in eating out of home while diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease: A qualitative interview study from China
Authors: Yin Tingting , Ye Ran , Wang Qiuqin , Wang Lulu , Xu Wenjing , Tu Wenjing , Xu Guihua
Published: December 2023

Background

Meeting healthy dietary needs while eating out can be a challenging experience for adults with inflammatory bowel disease. This study examined the barriers experienced by adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) when eating out.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the perceptions of people with IBD on eating out barriers.

Design

A qualitative study among individuals affected by IBD was conducted through semi-structured interviews.

Results

Sixteen adults from China were diagnosed with IBD between 6 months and 20 years prior to the study. They were recruited from four tertiary care hospitals in Nanjing, China. The participants completed a semi-structured interview between April and September 2022. Self-perceived difficulties with eating and drinking when eating out were varied. After thematic analysis of the data, five main themes emerged: limited access to healthy and hygiene food; no pleasure of food enjoyment; financial strain; not feeling loved, supported or understood; and coping strategies for not meeting demand.

Conclusions

This study highlights the various barriers encountered by patients with inflammatory bowel disease when eating out. These findings will help people with IBD to encourage the formation of targeted health and well-being-related interventions. Knowledge of nutrition and diet should be provided in education and training programs administered to IBD.
Impact of hospital accreditation on quality improvement in healthcare: A systematic review
Authors: Alhawajreh Mohammad J. , Paterson Audrey S. , Jackson William J.
Published: December 2023

Objective

This is the first systematic review aims to build the evidence for the impact of accreditation on quality improvement of healthcare services, as well as identify and develop an understanding of the contextual factors influencing accreditation implementation in the hospital setting through the lens of Normalisation Process Theory (NPT).

Data sources

Data were gathered from five databases; MEDLINE, PUBMED, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. And supplemental sources.

Study design

This systematic review is reported following PRISMA guidelines with a quality assessment. Data were analysed using a thematic analysis guided by the NPT theoretical framework.

Data collection/extraction methods

Data were extracted and summarized using prespecified inclusion/exclusion criteria and a data extraction sheet encompassing all necessary information about the studies included in the review.

Principal findings

There are inconsistent findings about the impact of accreditation on improving healthcare quality and outcomes, and there is scant evidence about its effectiveness. The findings also provide valuable insights into the key factors that may influence hospital accreditation implementation and develop a better understanding of their potential implications. Using the NPT shows a growing emphasis on the enactment work of the accreditation process and how this may drive improving the quality of healthcare services. However, little focus is given to accreditation’s effects on health professionals’ roles and responsibilities, strategies and ways for engaging health professionals for effective implementation, and ensuring that the goals and potential benefits of accreditation are made clear and transparent through ongoing evaluation and feedback to all health professionals involved in the accreditation process.

Conclusions

While there are contradictory findings about the impact of accreditation on improving the quality of healthcare services, accreditation continues to gain acceptance internationally as a quality assurance tool to support best practices in evaluating the quality outcomes of healthcare delivered. Policymakers, healthcare organisations, and researchers should proactively consider a set of key factors for the future implementation of accreditation programmes if they are to be effectively implemented and sustained within the hospital setting.

Systematic review registration:International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020172390 Available from:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=172390.
A novel splice-site FHOD3 founder variant is a common cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the population of the Balkans–A cohort study
Authors: Vodnjov Nina , Toplišek Janez , Maver Aleš , Čuturilo Goran , Jaklič Helena , Teran Nataša , Višnjar Tanja , Škrjanec Pušenjak Maruša , Hodžić Alenka , Miljanović Olivera , Peterlin Borut , Writzl Karin
Published: December 2023

Founder variants in sarcomere protein genes account for a significant proportion of disease-causing variants in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, information on founder variants in non-sarcomeric protein genes, such as FHOD3, which have only recently been associated with HCM, remains scarce. In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of exome sequencing data of 134 probands with HCM for recurrent pathogenic variants. We discovered a novel likely pathogenic variant c.1646+2T>C in FHOD3 in heterozygous state in eight probands with HCM and confirmed its presence in seven additional relatives. Individuals with this variant had a wide range of ages at onset of the disease (4–63 years). No adverse cardiac events were observed. Haplotype analysis revealed that the individuals with this variant shared a genomic region of approximately 5 Mbp surrounding the variant, confirming the founder effect of the variant. FHOD3 c.1646+2T>C is estimated to have arisen 58 generations ago (95% CI: 45–81) in a common ancestor living on the Balkans. A founder FHOD3 c.1646+2T>C variant is the second most common genetic variant in our cohort of patients with HCM, occurring in 16% of probands with a known genetic cause of HCM, which represents a substantially higher proportion than the currently estimated 0.5–2% for causal FHOD3 variants. Our study broadens the understanding of the genetic causes of HCM and may improve the diagnosis of this condition, particularly in patients from the Balkans.
Can welfare states buffer technostress? Income and technostress in the context of various OECD countries
Authors: Lauterbach Ann S. , Tober Tobias , Kunze Florian , Busemeyer Marius R.
Published: December 2023

Many workers are experiencing the downsides of being exposed to an overload of information and communication technology (ICT), highlighting the need for resources to cope with the resulting technostress. This article offers a novel cross-level perspective on technostress by examining how the context of the welfare state influences the relationship between income and technostress. Showing that individuals with higher income experience less technostress, this study argues that the welfare state represents an additional coping resource, in particular in the form of unemployment benefits. Since unemployment benefits insure income earners in the case of job loss, the negative effect of income on technostress should increase with higher levels of unemployment generosity. In line with these expectations, empirical results based on original survey data collected in collaboration with the OECD show that the impact of income on technostress varies across welfare state contexts. Implications for public health and policymakers are being discussed.
Conceptualizing the ‘hook’ in K-drama: Racial segregation and unity in media consumption among multiracial Malaysian youth before and after Hallyu 1.0
Authors: Loo Fung Ying , Loo Fung Chiat
Published: December 2023

Since the phenomenon of Hallyu 1.0, Korean transnational popular culture has caught the attention of scholars worldwide, sparking discussions about soft power, gender, media consumption, and fandom in countries from the East to the West. However, there is a lack of studies on multiracial Malaysian youths’ consumption of South Korean transnational popular culture, as highlighted by the onset of trendy K-dramas. This study focuses on the shift from highly segregated, ethnic-based media consumption to a more unified consumption of East Asian television drama productions by reviewing trends of media consumption before and after Hallyu in Malaysia, and highlights the impact of Korean soft power in Malaysia in the form of a new hybridized trendy drama. We conceptualize features of the K-drama model: hybridized physiognomy, romantic innocence, ‘neo-Romantic’ ballads, and foreign language as a ‘hook’, borrowing Gary Burn’s terminology in popular music, that united multiracial consumption among the Malaysian youth. Finally, the results suggest a ‘re-packaging’ of homogeneity in television drama production and consumption.
Simetrías meta-ficcionales en Agustí Villaronga. Análisis fílmico de 'El vestido inhabitado' de Aro Tolbukhin. En la mente del asesino (2002)
Authors: Gastaka Eguskiza Ignazio
Published: December 2023

Este artículo realiza un análisis cinematográfico estructuralista de la segunda mitad de Aro Tolbukhin. En la mente del asesino (Zimmermann, Racine & Villaronga, 2002), el mediometraje titulado 'El vestido inhabitado'. En primer lugar, se pretende localizar y enumerar los temas que trata la obra (qué dice); en segundo, se explicará la forma en la que se expresa dicho contenido a nivel enunciativo-cinematográfico (cómo lo dice): el amor maternal, su influencia en la psique y la violencia como escultor de la infancia son algunos de los temas convocados por la narración, que casan perfectamente con el resto del cine de Villaronga.
La representación de la mujer en los spots publicitarios españoles (2006-2021). ¿Podemos hablar de femvertising?
Authors: Lluch Núria , Martorell Cristina , Serra Folch Carolina
Published: December 2023

Tradicionalmente, la representación de la mujer desde la publicidad se ha basado en estereotipos sociales. Este trabajo pretende analizar cómo se ha representado a la mujer en los spots publicitarios españoles de los últimos quince años, a través de un análisis de contenido de los spots ganadores del certamen Los Anuncios del Año. Los resultados muestran que, si bien el rol y el contexto en el que se representa la mujer ha cambiado considerablemente, la presencia de cuerpos, colores de piel, géneros y sexualidades no normativas es todavía anecdótica.
De nuevo sobre la prisión permanente revisable. El febril proceso legislativo realizado para la materialización de la ley orgánica 1/2015, de 30 de marzo
Authors: Cáceres González Emiro
Published: December 2023

La tramitación en el legislativo del proyecto de prisión perpetua, y la posterior bendición sobre su constitucionalidad proferida por el TC mediante la STC 169/2021 de 6 de octubre, ha autorizado en España la posibilidad de imposición de una modalidad de sanción que se creía superada. Los motivos de su rechazo han sido ampliamente desarrollados por la doctrina. En el presente artículo, cambiaremos el foco y nos concentraremos en lo sucedido en el devenir legislativo, desde el momento prelegislativo, pasando por la fase legislativa propiamente dicha y lo que podría haberse hecho en sede postlegislativa para evitar la incorporación de esta regresiva modalidad de pena. El análisis de los dos primeros momentos o fases refleja una tramitación caótica, sin sustento y sin argumentos que demostraran su necesidad y conveniencia, donde prevaleció sin más el criterio aplastante de la regla de mayorías. En la tercera fase se evidencia la inaplicación estricta del 88 constitucional y un apartamiento del TC en la aplicación de su propia jurisprudencia.