bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigations on Growth, Characterization, NCI-RDG, AIM, Molecular Docking and In-Silico ADME Properties of 1,2-Benzene Dicarboxylic Acid Anhydride
Authors: G. Saravana Kumar , M. Jeyalaxmi , K. Vijayanarasimhan , N. Boukabcha , A. Chouaih
Published: May 2024

Superior single crystal of 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid anhydride additionally called Phthalic anhydride (PAN) was developed via solution growth at low temperatures. Single crystal X-ray diffraction investigation revealed the crystal system and unit cell characteristics. The phase stability and crystalline nature were uncovered by powder X-ray diffraction analysis. FT-IR examination was done for the titular material so as to survey the various functional groups. With the use of the VEDA program's relevant resources, vibrational assignments have been made on the concept of Potential Energy Distribution (PED). Density Functional Theory (DFT) was employed to smooth out the molecular structure of PAN and was additionally utilized to consider FT-IR spectrum at molecular level.  Non covalent interactions reduced density gradient (NCI-RDG) analysis has been used for the prediction of the weak interaction in the actual space in terms of the electron density along with its derivatives for PAN. Atoms in Molecules (AIM) analysis was carried for out for PAN. The docking research of the small molecule (PAN) with target protein confirmed that this is a great molecule which docks nicely with numerous targets associated with Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-α. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) characteristics have been calculated with the assist of online server preADMET.
Selection Criteria for Solvent and Coagulation Medium to Modulate the Structure of Polymethylmethacrylate Prepared by Wet Phase Inversion
Authors: Barcelos Gustavo F. J. , Ferlauto André S. , Figueiredo Katia C. S.
Published: May 2024

Polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA, with sponge or finger pores are interesting depending on the application. Our goal was to investigate parameters (Φ and Φ’) to foresee the morphology of PMMA prepared by phase inversion based on chemical composition (amount and type of solvent, non-solvent and surfactant). A literature survey was conducted with different chemical composition and analyzed by statistical tools. Sponge-like structures were obtained in systems whose Φ value is less than 0.22 or the Φ’ value is more than 0.55. Both indexes can differentiate to some extent systems that generate finger-like structures from those that generate sponge-like ones.
First a priori Theoretical Evaluation of the Electroanalytical Cathodic Determination of Antibiotic Flavocillin
Authors: Tkach Volodymyr V. , Kushnir Marta V. , Kryvetskyi Viktor V. , Kryvetska Inna I. , Kryvetskyi Igor V. , Ivanushko Yana G. , Yagodynets Petro , Kormosh Zholt O. , Ferrão da Paiva Martins José Inácio
Published: May 2024

For the first time, the possibility of flavocillin electrochemical determination, assisted by vanadium (III) oxyhydroxide has been evaluated. The electrochemical determination will be given by gradual reduction of both flavonyl and penicyllyl moieties in mildly acidic medium, close to neutral. The analysis of the mathematical model, correspondent to the reaction mechanism, confirms the efficiency of cathodic electrochemical process for flavocillin electrochemical determination.
Quantum Chemical-Based Investigations and Lipophilicity Evaluations on Some Structurally Related Quinazoline Derivatives
Authors: Serin Sümeyya
Published: May 2024

This work was chiefly conceived to explore the substituent effects on thermodynamic, electronic and lipophilic characteristics of some quinazoline derivatives (Q1-Q4) from theoretical aspects. The variations caused by methyl, ethyl, chlorine and bromine substituents on the same carbon of the aromatic ring were evaluated with a computational approach. In accordance with this purpose, simultaneously, DFT-based calculations were performed for vacuum and two different surroundings (DMSO and water) on methaqualone (Q1), etaqualone (Q2), mecloqualone (Q3), and mebroqualone (Q4) compounds by using the B3LYP functional and 6-311++G(d, p) split-valence triple zeta basis set.  The computed thermodynamic quantities revealed that the halogen substitution was more preferable. The effect of substituent modification on electrostatic surface features was evaluated visually by molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) mapping technique. To shed light on the chemical reactivity behaviors of the Q1-Q4, DFT-based reactivity identifiers were computed. Also, the intramolecular interactions affected by substitution were evaluated on the basis of the Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) theory. The NBO results revealed that π-π* interactions predominate for each compound. The lipophilic character analyzes of the mentioned compounds were evaluated both numerically and visually. The data of both methods support each other.
The use of POPE Phospholipid as a First-layer Coating of the Ti-6Al-4V Alloy: Preliminary Studies
Authors: Do Nascimento João Pedro Lopes , Ferreira Murilo Oliveira Alves , Teixeira Gabriella Terezinha Lima , Bueno Leite Slade Natália , Vieira Aoki Idalina , Moreto Jeferson
Published: May 2024

Phospholipids emerge as a powerful tool to be used as a coating for biomaterials, as they can increase the biocompatibility of the material and inhibit the growth of bacterial cells. Here, POPE phospholipid was deposited on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy surfaces by using a simple method, seeking to improve the corrosion resistance of the base material. Results show that the electrochemical potential of the Ti-6Al-4V/POPE is more positive than that observed in the base material, which could indicate a lower susceptibility to corrosion. Two EECs were used to explain the corrosion mechanisms of the coated and uncoated specimens, demonstrating the base material displays an oxide layer about 1.86 nm in the beginning of the corrosion tests and 2.59 nm after 24 h of immersion. Due to the complexity of the system containing lipids deposited on the metallic matrix, the corrosion behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V/POPE was evaluated considering only the evolution of the CPEs with immersion times. This work shows that the use of POPE for coating the Ti-6Al-4V alloy increased the corrosion resistance of the base material, expanding the range of advantages in the use of this surface treatment in the development of new biomaterials.
Polysulfone with Different Degrees of Sulfonation: Simple Method with Acetyl Sulfate
Authors: Xavier de Souza Altamiro , Frighetto Paulo Donato , Badagnani de Carvalho Gabriel , De Castro Degiovani Henrique , Firmino de Oliveira Marcelo , Neri Cláudio Roberto , Palaretti Vinícius , De Faria Anizio Marcio , Pasquini Daniel , De Morais Luís Carlos
Published: May 2024

In this work, the authors present as an innovation, the homogeneous sulfonation of Udel® polysulfone (PSU) with acetylsulfate (ACS) under reflux at 45°C in dichloromethane and inert N2 atmosphere (g) for 1.5 h. Different proportions of ACS were used, obtaining sulfonated products with varying degrees of sulfonation (DS). Confirmation of sulfonated polysulfone (PSU-S), denominated as PSU-SA (high degree of sulfonation) and PSU-SB (low degree of sulfonation), was carried out by FTIR and 1H NMR. Determination of DS was carried out through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DSC), varying indexes between 0.883 and 3.022, which correspond to a sulfonated polymer with ion exchange capacity (IEC) from 1.720 to 4.400 meq/g. The evolution of DS related to methods used was monitored and confirmed by 1H NRM. Sulfonation is undertaken to enhance the suitability of this polymer for future applications in the production of biofuels, targeting its utilization in catalytic processes for esterification and transesterification mechanisms of oils and fats.
Low dose estrogen progestin pill is better than cyclical progestin as medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding due to ovulatory dysfunction in premenopausal women
Authors: Laila Tarafdar Runa , Nahar Khairun , Ahmed Sheikh Salahuddin , Chakma Bidisha , Afrin Walida , Moyeen Samira , Khatun Hasina , Ishrat Shakeela
Published: May 2024

Background: In abnormal uterine bleeding due to ovulation dysfunction, unopposed estrogen causes persistent proliferative or hyperplastic endometrium and periods of amenorrhea followed by excessive bleeding. This is managed medically by cyclical use of some hormonal agents. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness and acceptability of cyclical progestin alone and low dose estrogen progestin pill as medical management of AUB-O in premenopausal women.
Methods: The study composed of 57 premenopausal women with anovular type of bleeding. The study participants were randomly allocated to take either norethisterone 10 mg daily from 16th to 25th day of menstrual cycle or low dose estrogen progesterone pill, one pill daily from 1st day of menstrual cycle up to 24th day. These patients were followed up after three and six months to assess subjectively the persistence of abnormal uterine bleeding, patient’s satisfaction, need for hysterectomy and any side effects.
Results: The symptomatic improvement was more apparent with estrogen progestin pill than cyclical norethisterone. More patients chose hysterectomy in the norethisterone group because they were not satisfied with medical management.
Conclusions: Symptomatic improvement is more with low dose estrogen progestin pill than cyclical norethisterone in women with AUB-O. More women decline hysterectomy as they accept estrogen progestin pill.
Sleep quality and its correlates among undergraduate students of a medical school in North Karnataka, India
Authors: Kanyadi Suhasini R. , Javali Shivalingappa B. , Gadi Nabeel Ahmed
Published: May 2024

Background: Poor sleep quality is a global health concern and is fast becoming one of the silent epidemics. Sleep quality among medical students is of particular interest as they are considered high risk groups for developing sleep related issues because of their demanding schedules. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of poor sleep and its correlates among undergraduate medical students of a medical school in Belgaum, India.
Methods: An institutional based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 293 undergraduate medical students using a self-administered questionnaire. Sleep quality was assessed using Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). The potential determinants of quality of sleep were identified using logistic regression. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant and adjusted odds ratio with 95%CI was used to present the strength of association.
Results: The prevalence of poor sleep quality among medical students was 69.3%. Factors like gender, female students (AOR=2.381, 95%CI=1.359-4.172), being overweight or obese (AOR=2.499, 95%CI=1.297-4.817) were associated with poor sleep quality. Students with good sleep hygiene (AOR=0.415, 95%CI=0.231-0.745) and who did not use technology during bedtime (AOR=0.38, 95%CI=0.168-0.878) were less likely of having poor sleep quality at p<0.05.
Conclusions: Prevalence of poor sleep quality among substantial proportion of medical students in the current study is alarming. The already existing personal and professional development programme committee can conduct routine screening to assess sleep quality among students and focus on programmes to improve their sleep hygiene.
The evaluation of serum vitamin D3 in androgenetic alopecia: a case-control study
Authors: Kumar Raj , Iftikhar Swale , Dubey Durga Prasad , Singh Urjasweta , Gupta Anil Kumar
Published: May 2024

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common hereditary condition characterized by progressive hair loss influenced by androgens. Vitamin D has been implicated in various hair disorders, yet its association with AGA, particularly in South Asian populations, remains inconclusive.
Methods: We conducted a case-control study involving 100 male subjects from eastern Uttar Pradesh, India, comprising 50 AGA cases and 50 age-matched controls. Serum vitamin D levels were measured, and participants underwent clinical evaluations. Statistical analyses were performed using unpaired t tests and chi-square tests.
Results: Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) was significantly more prevalent in AGA cases (56%) compared to controls (24%) (p<0.001), with an odds ratio of 4.0303. Mean serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in cases (33.1±10.6 ng/ml) than controls (40.3±9.51 ng/ml) (p=0.0005). Severe AGA cases exhibited lower vitamin D levels compared to mild to moderate cases, although the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.32).
Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of vitamin D in AGA pathogenesis and suggests the need for routine monitoring of serum vitamin D levels in AGA patients. Further large-scale studies are warranted to confirm these findings and investigate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation as a therapeutic intervention for AGA.
El espíritu Shakesperiano en Breaking Bad
Authors: Sánchez-Prada Lady Yessenia , Longoni-Torti Bruno Andrés
Published: May 2024

El material sobre los Estudios Culturales fue puesto en práctica cuando diversos grupos de estudiantes debieron exponer y discutir con los lineamientos teóricos ofrecidos en dicho material. Cada grupo debió ofrecer un trabajo audiovisual distinto que ilustrara los preceptos de los Estudios Culturales y su valoración de los productos de masas en diálogo con la academia y la alta cultura.
Implementación de gamificación, asignatura Estandarización de Procesos Agroindustriales y Evaluación de Producto
Authors: Suárez-Monsalve Doris Eugenia
Published: May 2024

La implementación de la estrategia de gamificación se realizó con estudiantes de sexto semestre de Producción Agroindustrial, quienes se caracterizan por tener edades entre 18 y 60 años. La mayoría de ellos residen en el área rural y tienen dificultades de acceso a internet, sin embargo, todos cuentan con un dispositivo móvil, lo que les permite utilizar las diferentes herramientas que ofrece la gamificación para dinamizar el aprendizaje.
PATÓGENOS ID: un objeto virtual de aprendizaje para la enseñanza de microbiología
Authors: Machuca-Perez Mayra Alejandra
Published: May 2024

Patógenos ID es un recurso creado para los estudiantes de Microbiología y Bioanálisis que facilita la comprensión de las pruebas de laboratorio. Las cuales son usadas para identificar patógenos como los Enterobacterales y bacilos Gram negativos no fermentadores. El Objeto Virtual de Aprendizaje (OVA) es utilizado durante las horas de trabajo independiente para revisar el tema y como material de apoyo durante las prácticas de laboratorio.
Uso de los videos educativos en el estudio de la neuroanatomía
Authors: Saldarriaga-Téllez Bladimir , Larrotta-Rojas Oscar Javier
Published: May 2024

En el componente de Neuroanatomía, que forma parte del curso de Morfofisiología I, se les suministraron enlaces de videos como material de apoyo a los estudiantes del curso. Así mismo, se aplicó una encuesta por medio de la plataforma Moodle, a la cual 122(83%) estudiantes respondieron la encuesta. El 100% de ellos consideran muy valiosos los videos en el estudio de la neuroanatomía y reconocen que se deben incorporar las herramientas TIC en el curso.
CROIS - Retos que transforman
Authors: Acevedo-Rodríguez Germán
Published: May 2024

En el presente trabajo se expone el desarrollo de un Objeto Virtual de Aprendizaje (OVA) con el fin de promover la conciencia del entorno de negocios activando prácticas sencillas en su contexto próximo para acelerar la manera de precisar problemas, retos y optimización de ideas. Esta herramienta se enfocó en resolver problemas serios en ambientes externos al salón de clase y su estrategia se basó en la comprensión de las fases de un proceso de pensamiento creativo aplicado a los negocios.
OVA: La encuesta de mercado
Authors: Sánchez-Martínez Querubín
Published: May 2024

Diseñar una encuesta, aplicarla y analizar los datos recogidos ha sido de gran dificultad para los estudiantes de la asignatura Mercadeo, Ventas y Publicidad que necesitan hacer una investigación del mercado. Al seguir los pasos del OVA, los estudiantes mejoraron el nivel de profundidad de la investigación, eliminaron sesgos y errores, y presentaron informes con datos concluyentes.
Estrategia Pedagógica (OVA) de apoyo en la asignatura: Producción Sostenible de Bovinos
Authors: Álvarez-Palomino Laura Vanessa
Published: May 2024

El desarrollo y aplicacion del OVA fue significativa en el proceso enseñanza y aprendizaje desde el quehacer docente como en el del estudiante. El modelo de apoyo tecnológico generó interés y participación activa. Además, permitió desarrollar y fortalecer el pensamiento crítico, habilidades cognitivas, procesos de comunicación, y cerrar brechas de dominio técnico y científico. Fue una maravillosa experiencia.
Recursos virtuales para la formación en coberturas vegetales de uso agropecuario
Authors: Díaz-López Sandra Milena , Avendaño-Vásquez Leonardo , Cacua-Méndez Leidy Yamile , Orozco-Ortiz Javier
Published: May 2024

La incorporación de las TIC en un repositorio virtual como estrategia para mejorar la calidad, la innovación y la aplicación en la enseñanza, basado en un modelo de aprendizaje centrado en el estudiante, permitió intervenir los procesos de formación. Teniendo en cuenta la equidad, la producción y uso de materiales, el cumplimiento de los derechos de propiedad intelectual y la integración de actores.
Implementación del OVA – Diseño de Algoritmos para Imagen Sintética
Authors: Moreno-Jaimes Edwin Alberto
Published: May 2024

La implementación del Objeto Virtual de Aprendizaje (OVA) fue valiosa para los estudiantes del programa de artes plásticas, a pesar de no tener conocimientos previos en programación, el recurso les brindó una comprensión sólida en algoritmos y estructuras de datos, a través de un enfoque práctico y aplicado. El OVA permitió experimentar con la creación de imágenes sintéticas y aplicar los conceptos aprendidos en un contexto real.
Ecosistema tecnológico de aprendizaje para maestros de primaria en Bucaramanga
Authors: Díaz-Contreras Gustavo Adolfo , Cortés-Aguilar Alexandra , Ojeda-Avellaneda Ana Cecilia
Published: May 2024

La presente estrategia de formación explora una serie de herramientas web 2.0 que permiten innovar en el proceso curricular de la educación básica primaria. Estos procesos están centrados en la flexibilidad del aprendizaje, a la par de un acompañamiento continúo mediado por las TIC, apropiadas, las cuales constituyen un ecosistema tecnológico educativo que responde a la realidad del contexto educativo de la región.
Experiencia inmersiva en el aprendizaje de procedimientos seguros
Authors: Bautista-Rojas Luis Eduardo , Guerrero-Delgado José Alejandro , Plata-Espinosa Carmen Elena
Published: May 2024

El entorno inmersivo de entrenamiento para el uso seguro de procedimientos se plantea usar como un complemento para la formación profesional de los estudiantes de diseño industrial. Posteriormente, con base en el desempeño de los estudiantes en el entorno de entrenamiento, el docente de la asignatura podrá tomar decisiones para el trabajo en los talleres de la asignatura.
Juegos de negociación. Experimentos para la formación ciudadana
Authors: Palacio-García Luis Alejandro
Published: May 2024

La experiencia consiste en la utilización de juegos de negociación como herramienta pedagógica en el aula para mejorar el aprendizaje de conceptos basados en la teoría económica. Este instrumento busca complementar las lecciones tradicionales haciendo un contraste con la metodología empírica y fomentar la discusión de dilemas morales en ambientes digitales. Dicho proyecto se aplica bajo el contexto de la enseñanza de la teoría económica en la educación superior, especialmente en las clases de Microeconomía.
Sistema automatizado para la realización de evaluaciones en Ms Excel
Authors: Ordóñez-Sepúlveda Iván Dario
Published: May 2024

Prevcel es una herramienta para la construcción, desarrollo y calificación de evaluaciones bajo el ambiente Ms Excel que mejora la experiencia de docentes y estudiantes durante del proceso evaluativo. Prevcel ha sido ensayada satisfactoriamente en diferentes asignaturas de ingeniería por su rapidez, robustez, ecuanimidad y trazabilidad en la forma de calificación. Lo cual ha generado altos índices de eficiencia en el proceso evaluativo, en lo que respecta a tiempos de calificación y aplicación, así como en facilidad de corrección.
Microhardness Profile and Residual Stresses Evaluation in a Shot Peened SAE 5160H Steel
Authors: Viloria-Estrada Alexander , Mantilla-Nova David , García-Salinas Daiver Alberto , Barbosa Wilmar , Palacio-Espinosa Claudia Constanza , Romero-Toledo Fidel Alfonso , Peña-Ballesteros Dario Yesid , Díaz-Rodríguez Jorge Guillermo
Published: May 2024

Shot peening (SP) is a surface cold hardening process used on metals to enhance life under cyclic stress. In this case, SP was applied to SAE5160H samples of steel quenched tempered in oil at 460 °C used for leaf springs. This study shows the residual surface stresses measured through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the microhardness variation through the perpendicular-to-the-peened surface using a combination of metallographic preparation and Vickers microhardness (HVN). This combination of techniques makes possible measuring the SP effect in perpendicular-to-the-treated surface. A residual stress of -365.8 ± 78 MPa measured by XRD and a maximum microhardness of 525± at 92.7 HVN on the surface were obtained for the SP material. Alternatively, an average of 54.2 ± 54.3 MPa residual stress measured by XRD and 433 ± 39.5 HVN were obtained for the As-it-is samples. In addition, corrosion electrochemical potential tests showed that SP increases the corrosion potential, which makes this process undesirable if the SP component is exposed to aggressive environments. Moreover, the As-it-is samples presented not statistically significant HVN difference in the measured points. The combination of experimental techniques allows estimating hardness change in perpendicular-to-the treated surface separated by as little as 10 µm but with a simpler specimen preparation than other techniques such as XRD or strain gauges. Such a combination can be an alternative for estimating residual stresses through depth.
Secondary Control Strategy without Communications for Unbalanced Isolated Microgrids
Authors: Salinas-Cala Andrés Mauricio , Rey-López Juan Manuel , Mantilla-Villalobos María Alejandra
Published: May 2024

In the context of the energy transition, electrical microgrids have become a key energy solution for isolated zones. For this type of application, low-voltage networks with unbalanced loads are commonly connected. Despite this, many of the hierarchical control strategies presented in the literature have been designed to operate properly only in the presence of balanced loads. For this reason, it is relevant to study how control strategies can be adapted to this scenario, especially those that reduce the dependence on communications to enhance flexibility and reliability. In this sense, this paper presents a secondary layer control strategy that does not require the use of communications to operate in isolated microgrids with unbalanced loads. The strategy guarantees proper performance in terms of power-sharing between the distributed generators of the microgrid. Simulations on Matlab/Simulink are presented to validate the response of proposal.
Aplicación de la metodología QFD al diseño de un colector tubular hibrido de humedad residual del medio ambiente y lluvia
Authors: García-León Ricardo Andrés , Cervantes-Padilla Armando Rafael , Guerrero-Gómez Gustavo
Published: May 2024

En este estudio, se desarrolló el diseño de un colector híbrido de humedad ambiental y agua de lluvia para la captación de agua, utilizando teorías y métodos de diseño. El diseño mecánico se llevó a cabo utilizando la metodología QFD (Despliegue de la Función de Calidad), que proporcionó herramientas para el modelado de un sistema de recolección de agua de lluvia y humedad que fuera económico, independiente energéticamente y fácil de implementar y manejar. La estructura del colector de agua de lluvia de material acrílico demostró una adecuada dureza y resistencia (con una energía necesaria 4.7 lb/ft), siendo capaz de soportar la carga de lluvia y el peso de los paneles solares, con una resistencia superior a la de un techo convencional elaborado de tejas. Además, se logró un diseño visualmente atractivo, óptimo para su instalación en parques y entradas de centros comerciales, debido a que proporciona agua potable, energía y sombra. Finalmente, se evidenció que un diseño sin la implementación del sistema de refrigeración podría ofrecer una solución óptima para el suministro de agua en áreas donde no existe acceso a agua potable y la cantidad de lluvia anual excede los 150 días.
Aproximación al diseño conceptual de la gestión de carreteras inteligentes: una referencia a modelos de participación pública-privada
Authors: Pedraza-Jaimes Gustavo , Camacho-Pico Jaime Alberto , Porras-Díaz Hernán
Published: May 2024

La investigación reconoce la importancia de la infraestructura vial en el desarrollo económico y social de los países. Estos proyectos son intensivos en capital y ciclo de vida extenso; su etapa de operación/explotación es compleja de gerenciar, producto de la asimetría de información durante las etapas del horizonte económico, tal novedad constituye el problema a resolver en la gestión de activos. La solución a nivel de diseño conceptual incorpora los modelos integrales de información y la tecnología “Digital Twins” junto a los algoritmos de inteligencia artificial e industria 4.0, que permite optimizar el proceso de decisiones estratégicas. Entonces, se parte de la actual coyuntura de transformación tecnológica del sector de infraestructura, como espacio para plantear un modelo de gestión gerencial y ofrecer un entorno de toma de decisiones informadas a todos los agentes/actores. Este reto tecnológico se asume con la metodología “Design Science Research” para modelar un esquema empresarial que propenda por fortalecer los procesos misionales, como respuesta a los riesgos de gobernanza de información de activos viales, en los modelos de negocio de Participación Público-Privada, bajo la modalidad de “Project Finance”. La integración tecnológica propuesta maximiza la generación de valor de las instalaciones, en términos económicos, sociales y desarrollo sostenible, con el objetivo final de mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas. El diseño conceptual proporciona una base de conocimiento para la Ingeniería Básica del modelo y avanzar en el paradigma de “Smart Roads”, en correspondencia con los lineamientos de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible.
Iterative algorithm for accurate superposition of contours with non-uniform sampling step
Authors:   PSUTY – Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, Diyazitdinov R.R.
Published: May 2024

In this article, we describe an iterative algorithm for accurate superposition of contours with non-uniform sampling step. The processing contours are characterized by the same shape, but the sampling step is non-uniform, with no matching between points of the superposed contours. This makes impossible the use of methods for estimating superposition parameters by matching points. The algorithm proposed herein allows estimating the offsets and rotation angle separately. The idea of the algorithm is to perform the iterative correction of parameters. An estimate of the offsets is used to estimate the rotation angle and, vice versa, an estimate of the rotation angle is used to estimate the offsets. The proposed algorithm is characterized by a higher speed of processing than a brute force algorithm and a lower estimation error than algorithms that analyze contour macroparameters.
RGB color camera for dynamical measurements of high temperature distribution on a surface of the heated solid
Authors:   Scientific-Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Bulatov K.M. , Zinin P.V. ,   Scientific-Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Bykov A.A. ,   Scientific-Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Malykhina I.V. ,   Scientific-Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation
Published: May 2024

In this report we describe a fast 3-color method of the measurement of temperature distributions on a surface of a heated solid using a RGB color camera with a high frame rate (100 images per second). Statistical error the RGB method is not high, and do not exceed around 5.5% which is surprising taking in to account the number of the measurements at each pixel. Comparison of the results of the temperature measurements on a tungsten plate heated by infra-red laser radiation and conducted with this technique and those obtained with the acousto-optical tunable filter technique demonstrate that error of the temperature measured by 3-color method is only two times as high as that of the tandem acousto-optic filter technique method.
An approach to detecting and eliminating spatial contour artifacts in Web GIS applications
Authors:   Geophysical Center of RAS, Vorobev A.V. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Vorobeva G.R. ,   Space Research Institute of RAS,   Ufa University of Science and Technology
Published: May 2024

One of the common problems of modern geoinformation libraries and interfaces when constructing spatial isolines is the presence of multiple artifacts in the resulting set, in particular, open level lines. As a result, the formed set of spatial isolines after the web rendering procedure makes it difficult to analyze the spatial distribution of the corresponding parameters, on the one hand, and reduces the quality of spatial image rendering, on the other. At the same time, artifacts of spatial isolines are especially critical for large amounts of data. The paper proposes an approach that makes it possible to correct software-generated isolines by identifying open lines and their subsequent selective connection. From the point of view of software implementation, the presented approach practically does not change the response time of server scripts. The effectiveness of the developed approach is confirmed by the example of a web application that provides visualization in the form of a set of spatial isolines of geophysical parameters in the auroral oval region.
Semantic segmentation of rusts and spots of wheat
Authors:   Kuban State University, Arinichev I.V. , Polyanskikh S.V. ,   Plarium, Arinicheva I.V. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin
Published: May 2024

The paper explores the possibility of semantic segmentation of the yellow rust and wheat blotch classification using the U-Net convolutional neural network architecture. Based on an own dataset of 268 images, collected in natural conditions and in infectious nurseries of the Federal Research Center for Biological Plant Protection (VNII BZR), it is shown that the U-Net architecture with ResNet decoders is able to qualitatively detect, classify and localize rust and spotting even in cases where diseases are present on the plant at the same time. For individual classes of diseases, the main metrics (accuracy, micro-/macro precision, recall, and F1) range from 0.92 to 0.96. This indicates the possibility of recognizing even a few diseases on a leaf with an accuracy that is not inferior to that of a plant pathology expert. The IoU and Dice segmentation metrics are 0.71 and 0.88, respectively, which indicates a fairly high quality of pixel-by-pixel segmentation and is confirmed by visual analysis. The architecture of the neural network used in this case is quite lightweight, which makes it possible to use it on mobile devices without connecting to the network.
Detection of surface defects in welded joints during visual inspections using machine vision methods
Authors:   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University, Yemelyanova M.G. , Smailova S.S. ,   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University, Baklanova O.E. ,   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University
Published: May 2024

We discuss a problem of automatic defect detection in welded joints of stainless steel pipes in the production process. Possible defects that occur during tungsten inert gas welding are shown. The substantiation of the choice of the method for solving the problem based on modeling and background subtraction is given. An algorithm for defect detection in welded joints on frames of video sequences is proposed, taking into account the features of a specific area. The background models are built using the methods of averaging and a mixture of Gaussians. Experimental studies of the algorithm are carried out using examples of processing frames of video sequences received from a static camera. The obtained results confirm that the background modeling method based on frame averaging is suitable for the automatic detection of welding defects since the defects are different and have characteristic features. The proposed algorithm makes it possible to detect and highlight the defective area in a welded joint on frames of video sequences. The experimental results show that the algorithm satisfies the requirements for continuous rapid detection of surface defects.
A new approach to training neural networks using natural gradient descent with momentum based on Dirichlet distributions
Authors:   North-Caucasus Center for Mathematical Research, Abdulkadirov R.I. , Lyakhov P.A. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we propose a natural gradient descent algorithm with momentum based on Dirichlet distributions to speed up the training of neural networks. This approach takes into account not only the direction of the gradients, but also the convexity of the minimized function, which significantly accelerates the process of searching for the extremes. Calculations of natural gradients based on Dirichlet distributions are presented, with the proposed approach introduced into an error backpropagation scheme. The results of image recognition and time series forecasting during the experiments show that the proposed approach gives higher accuracy and does not require a large number of iterations to minimize loss functions compared to the methods of stochastic gradient descent, adaptive moment estimation and adaptive parameter-wise diagonal quasi-Newton method for nonconvex stochastic optimization.
Central Russia heavy metal contamination model based on satellite imagery and machine learning
Authors:   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Uzhinskiy A. , Vergel K. ,   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Published: May 2024

Atmospheric heavy metal contamination is a real threat to human health. In this work, we examined several models trained on in situ data and indices got from satellite images. During 2018-2019, 281 samples of naturally growing mosses were collected in the Vladimir, Yaroslavl, and Moscow regions in Russia. The samples were analyzed using Neutron Activation Analysis to get the contamination levels of 18 heavy metals. The Google Earth Engine platform was used to calculate indices from satellite images that represent summarized information about sampling sites. Statistical and neural models were trained on in situ data and the indices. We focused on the classification task with 8 levels of contamination and used balancing techniques to extend the training data. Three approaches were tested: variations of gradient boosting, multilayer perceptron, and Siamese networks. All these approaches produced results with minute differences, making it difficult to judge which one is better in terms of accuracy and graphical outputs. Promising results were shown for 9 heavy metals with an overall accuracy exceeding 89%. Al, Fe, and Sb contamination was predicted for 3,000 and 12,100 grid nodes on a 500 km2 area in the Central Russia region for 2019 and 2020. The results, methods, and perspectives of the adopted approach of using satellite data together with machine learning for HM contamination prediction are presented.
Computational and experimental studies on SnO2 thin films at various temperatures
Authors:   Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, Gurushankar K. ,   Department of Physics, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Grishina M. ,   Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, Gohulkumar M. ,   Vivekanandha College of Arts and Science for Women, Tiruchengode, Kannan K. ,   School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology
Published: May 2024

Tin oxide (SnO2) thin films was prepared by dip-coating technique at various bath temperatures (313, 333, 353 and 373 K) and annealed at 673 K in this study. And the obtained results were studied and correlated with the computational method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation demonstrated that the prepared samples are spherical with agglomeration. The elemental analysis (EDAX) confirms the presence of Sn and O. Further, the SnO2 thin films microstructures are simulated, their thermodynamic and surface properties have been calculated. Micro-Raman spectra were recorded for the prepared samples. Micro-Raman results exhibit the first-order Raman mode E1gsub> (475 cm−1) indicating that the grown SnO2 belongs to the rutile structure. In addition, the envelope method used for studying optical characteristics of the thin films from the transmittance spectra. The semiconducting nature of the films has been noticed from linear I-V characteristics. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity studies suggest that the highest conductivity samples acquire the lowest activation energy and their values are also in the semiconducting range.
Portfólio de produção técnica e tecnológica do PROFSAÚDE
Authors: Teixeira Carla Pacheco , Azevedo Diana Paola Gutierrez Diaz de , Braga Adriana Medeiros , Machado Michael Ferreira
Published: May 2024

Esta obra apresenta uma coleção de 80 produtos técnicos desenvolvidos por egressos das três primeiras turmas do PROFSAÚDE. Essa produção técnica e tecnológica visa responder às demandas cotidianas do trabalho na Atenção Primária, constituindo-se como uma das principais interfaces entre a produção do conhecimento – fruto das reflexões desenvolvidas durante o mestrado – e os serviços e comunidades em que os discentes estão inseridos profissionalmente.
The Role of Tumor Parenchymal and Stromal Ratios in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Imanbayev Nauryzbay , Iztleuov Yerbolat , Koishybaev Arip K. , Kereyeva Nurgul , Tulyayeva Anar , Zholmukhamedova Dinara , Zharylgapov Azamat
Published: May 2024

Objective: To evaluate the implications and significant role of parenchymal and stromal ratio in colorectal cancer (CRC).
Materials and methods: In our review, we involved English studies from common databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library using the following keywords “colorectal cancer”, “tumor stromal ratio”, “tumor parenchymal ratio”, and “prognostic marker” till December 2023.
Results: The majority of CRC patients are usually diagnosed at late stages, which may lead to missing out on the chance to get radical therapy. Patients with unfavorable prognosis have epithelial malignant tumors with a high amount of stroma, more than 50% stroma, while tumors with a low amount of stroma, less than 50%, and abundant carcinoma tissue have a better prognosis.
Conclusion: Tumor-stromal ratio is a valuable, cheap, and fast modality that provides valuable prognostic data of colorectal carcinoma and other cancers.
The Establishment Of Shelters as A New Paradigm Towards Struggling With Violence Against Women: A Literature Review
Authors: Sharifi Farangis , Talasaz Zahra Hadizadeh , Larki Mona
Published: May 2024

Objective: Shelters are an important part of a full response to survivors, as stated in many international conventions, such as the 1995 Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (BDPfA). This study aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the establishment of shelters for women survivors of violence.
Materials and methods: This narrative review was conducted based on the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA). The MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Embase, Ovid, and EBSCO databases in English and Magiran and Scientific Information Database (SID) in Persian were searched for related documents. Also, WHO, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the United Nations Population Fund's (UNFPA) guidelines and instructions for shelter services for women and girls who have been subjected were searched up to July 31, 2023. A qualitative synthesis was carried out on the 28 eligible articles and instructions out of the 420 retrieved documents.
Results: "A "shelter" describes emergency and temporary "safe accommodation for women and children who have been subjected to or are at risk of (typically male) domestic abuse. Types of shelters include emergency shelters or safe homes, second-stage or transitional housing facilities, third-stage housing, and alternative accommodation during (and occasionally after) the period of residence. The shelter delivers a wide range of services, including health services, socio-economic services, and legal services. These principles consisted of a comprehensive perspective, quality of service, organization, funding, and the right issues.
Conclusion: Women who are survivors need holistic, interdisciplinary, and specialist care that focuses on safety and needs. The adoption of regulations with robust enforcement guarantees and the facilitation of approvals for the construction of non-governmental shelters and safe houses should be on the agenda setting.
Inhibition and Activation Systems of Behavior and Suicide Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation
Authors: Manesh Soudabeh Ershadi , Bagian Kulemarzi Mohammad Javad
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study aimed to predict suicide attempts based on behavioral activation and inhibition systems (BAS/BIS) with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation (CER) strategies among adolescents of Abyek City.
Materials and methods: The research methodology was descriptive-correlational. The cluster sampling method was used, and the resulting sample included 194 adolescents who responded to the BAS/BIS questionnaire (Carver & White, 1994), CER questionnaire, and Beck scale for suicide ideation. Path analysis was employed to evaluate the proposed model using AMOS 24.0 and SPSS 27 softwares.
Results: The findings indicate that the proposed model is fitted with the data well. The results of path analysis showed that the BAS/BIS systems explain 27% of the variance of maladaptive CER and 61% of the variance of adaptive CER. In addition, maladaptive CER, BAS, and BIS explain 65% of the variance of suicide attempts.
Conclusion: Low levels of BAS, high levels of BIS, and the use of maladaptive CER skills can be considered risk factors for suicide attempts in adolescents.
Translation and Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of the Persian 8-Item Internalized Transphobia (IT) Scale in Iranian Transgenders
Authors: Sadeghi Mohaddeseh , Jamali Jamshid , Sheybani Farshad
Published: May 2024

Objective: Internalized transphobia (IT) is influenced by societal norms and expectations, and it can have significant negative effects on the well-being and mental health of transgender individuals. The aim of this study was to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian 8-item IT scale among Iranian transgender individuals in order to enhance the quality and quantity of research in this field.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional and methodological study utilized convenience sampling to recruit 119 transgender individuals in Mashhad, the second most populous city in Iran, in 2021. The Persian translation of the IT scale was developed using the backward-forward translation method. Subsequently, various types of validity and reliability were assessed, including content validity using the content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR), face validity based on the impact score, construct validity through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency measured by Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest stability analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
Results: The CVR ranged from 0.600 to 1, the CVI ranged from 0.800 to 1, and the impact score exceeded 1.5, indicating the appropriate content and face validity of the 8-item IT scale. The construct validity analysis revealed that the questionnaire is one-dimensional. The internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.917, and the ICC for test-retest stability was 0.871.
Conclusion: The Persian version of the IT scale demonstrated high and acceptable psychometric properties. The brevity of this scale facilitates its dissemination and utilization in clinical settings
Effects of Walnut Septum on The Enzyme Pathways Associated with Plasma Cholesterol Level
Authors: Şirin Neslihan , Coşkun Nuri Cenk , Adem Şevki
Published: May 2024

Objective: Cholesterol is crucial compound that plays pivotal role in cellular function in living organisms. Its excess or deficiency in plasma can lead to destruction and disintegration of cell membrane structure. Maintaining balanced intake of cholesterol in diet and seeking medical treatment, if necessary, can help prevent these negative effects. Furthermore, people often resort to natural and herbal remedies, such as walnut septum. Due to dearth of scientific data regarding effects of walnut septum on cholesterol metabolism, this research was undertaken to explore its potential effects.
Method: Analysis was begun by extracting septum using various solvents. Resulting extracts were then analyzed using GC-MS, and compounds were identified by using an integrated library database. To detect effects of extracts on cholesterol esterase and HMG-CoA reductase, a colorimetric method was employed.
Result: Monophenol, 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol, ethyl linoleate, and butyl linoleate were some of compounds detected by GC-MS scanning. The highest inhibitions were observed in the enzymatic analysis, with a rate of 3.2% (acetone) in the HMG-CoA reductase analysis and 13.6% (water) in the cholesterol esterase analysis.
Conclusion: Although the walnut septum extract contains various chemical compounds, our in vitro analysis data suggest that there is no inhibitory effect at therapeutic level on enzyme pathways that regulate plasma cholesterol levels, namely HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol esterase. We believe that further research is necessary to comprehensively evaluate its effects on other pathways.