bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Volumetric assessment of volume stable collagen matrix in maxillary single implant site development: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Hamdy Ahmed , Ibrahim Suzan Seif Allah , Ghalwash Dalia , Adel‐Khattab Doaa
Published: June 2024

Introduction

The stability of soft tissue volume around dental implants is an important factor for the final esthetic outcome. The main objective of this study was to compare volume stable collagen matrix (VCMX) versus connective tissue graft (CTG) in the augmentation of soft tissue profiles in single implant sites with a class I Siebert ridge defect.

Materials and Methods

Twenty patients (14 females and 6 males) were enrolled in the present study. After implant placement and augmentation of the buccal defect by VCMX or CTG, post‐operative evaluation of the volumetric changes at the augmented implant site was carried out at 3, 6, and 9 months as primary outcome, clinical and radiographic soft tissue thickness were carried out at baseline and 9‐month intervals, visual analog scale (VAS) and oral health impact profile‐14 (OHIP14) were recorded 2 weeks after the surgery.

Results

A statistically significant difference in soft tissue volume was found between baseline and 3, 6, and 9 months postoperatively in both groups with the highest value at 9 months (136.33 ± 86.80) (mm3) in VCMX and (186.38 ± 57.52) (mm3) in CTG. Soft tissue thickness was significantly increased in both groups at 9 months in comparison to baseline. However, there was a significantly higher increase in soft tissue thickness at 9 months in CTG (3.87 ± 0.91) than in VCMX (2.94 ± 0.31). Regarding the radiographic soft tissue thickness, there was a statistically significant increase in both groups at 9 months in comparison to baseline. However, there was a statistically higher increase in the radiographic soft tissue thickness at 9 months in CTG (3.08 ± 0.97) than in VCMX (2.37 ± 0.29). VAS showed a statistically lower value in VCMX (0.4 ± 0.7) than CTG (2.8 ± 1.48). The OHIP recorded lower values in the VCMX group than the CTG group with no statistical significance. In addition, there was no difference in the PES between the two groups.

Conclusion

The present study showed that CTG and VCMX were both effective in soft tissue augmentation around implants in the esthetic zone. However, CTG proved more efficient in increasing peri‐implant soft tissue volume and mucosal thickness around single implants at a 9‐month follow‐up period. VCMX was associated with less pain or discomfort and reduced patient morbidity, as reflected by the significantly reduced VAS value in the VCMX group.
Artificial intelligence and mixed reality for dental implant planning: A technical note
Authors: Mangano Francesco Guido , Yang Kyung Ran , Lerner Henriette , Admakin Oleg , Mangano Carlo
Published: June 2024

Aim

The aim of this work is to present a new protocol for implant surgical planning which involves the combined use of artificial intelligence (AI) and mixed reality (MR).

Methods

This protocol involves the acquisition of three‐dimensional (3D) patient data through intraoral scanning (IOS) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). These data are loaded into AI software which automatically segments and aligns the patient's 3D models. These 3D models are loaded into MR software and used for planning implant surgery through holography. The files are then exported and used to design surgical guides via open‐source software, which are 3D printed and used to prepare the implant sites through static computer‐assisted implant surgery (s‐CAIS). The case is finalized prosthetically through a fully digital protocol. The accuracy of implant positioning is verified by comparing the planned position with the actual position of the implants after surgery.

Results

As a proof of principle, the present protocol seems to be to be reliable and efficient when used for planning simple cases of s‐CAIS in partially edentulous patients. The clinician can plan the implants in an authentic 3D environment without using any radiology‐guided surgery software. The precision of implant placement seems clinically acceptable, with minor deviations.

Conclusions

The present study suggests that AI and MR technologies can be successfully used in s‐CAIS for an authentic 3D planning. Further clinical studies are needed to validate this protocol.
Transcription factor EB reprograms branched‐chain amino acid metabolism and promotes pancreatic cancer progression via transcriptional regulation of BCAT1
Authors: Wang Ting , Hu Qiangsheng , Li Borui , Fan Guixiong , Jing Desheng , Xu Junfeng , Hu Yuheng , Dang Qin , Ji Shunrong , Zhou Chenjie , Zhuo Qifeng , Xu Xiaowu , Qin Yi , Yu Xianjun , Li Zheng
Published: June 2024

Pancreatic cancer cells have a much higher metabolic demand than that of normal cells. However, the abundant interstitium and lack of blood supply determine the lack of nutrients in the tumour microenvironment. Although pancreatic cancer has been reported to supply extra metabolic demand for proliferation through autophagy and other means, the specific regulatory mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we focused on transcription factor EB (TFEB), a key factor in the regulation of autophagy, to explore its effect on the phenotype and role in the unique amino acid utilisation pattern of pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs). The results showed that TFEB, which is generally highly expressed in pancreatic cancer, promoted the proliferation and metastasis of PCCs. TFEB knockdown inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of PCCs by blocking the catabolism of branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs). Concerning the mechanism, we found that TFEB regulates the catabolism of BCAAs by regulating BCAT1, a key enzyme in BCAA metabolism. BCAA deprivation alone did not effectively inhibit PCC proliferation. However, BCAA deprivation combined with eltrombopag, a drug targeting TFEB, can play a two‐pronged role in exogenous supply deprivation and endogenous utilisation blockade to inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic cancer to the greatest extent, providing a new therapeutic direction, such as targeted metabolic reprogramming of pancreatic cancer.
Islet autoantibody frequency in relatives of children with type 1 diabetes who have a type 2 diabetes diagnosis
Authors: Lewis Shanice J. , Williams Claire L. , Mortimer Georgina L. ,   AWAF,   BOX Study Group, Oram Richard A. , Hagopian William A. , Gillespie Kathleen M. , Long Anna E.
Published: June 2024

Aim

This study aimed to evaluate characteristics of autoimmunity in individuals who have a type 2 diagnosis and are relatives of children with type 1 diabetes.

Methods

Pre‐diagnosis samples (median 17 months before onset) from relatives who were later diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were measured for autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GADA), islet antigen‐2 (IA‐2A), zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A) and insulin (IAA) as well as the type 1 diabetes genetic risk score (GRS2). Associations between islet autoantibodies, insulin treatment and GRS2 were analysed using Fisher's exact and t‐tests.

Results

Among 226 relatives (64% men; mean age at sampling 41 years; mean age 54 years at diagnosis), 32 (14%) were islet autoantibody‐positive for at least one autoantibody more than a decade before diagnosis. Approximately half of these (n = 15) were treated with insulin. GADA‐positivity was higher in insulin‐treated relatives than in non‐insulin‐treated relatives (12/18 [67%] vs. 6/18 [33%], p < 0.001). IAA‐positivity was observed in 13/32 (41%) of relatives with autoantibodies. GRS2 scores were increased in autoantibody‐positive relatives (p = 0.032), but there was no clear evidence for a difference according to treatment (p = 0.072).

Conclusion

This study highlights the importance of measuring islet autoantibodies, including IAA, in relatives of people with type 1 diabetes to avoid misdiagnosis.
Clinical efficacy and cost‐effectiveness of metformin in different patient populations: A narrative review of real‐world evidence
Authors: Solini Anna , Tricò Domenico
Published: June 2024

Over the past two decades, diabetes pharmacopoeia has flourished, with new drugs that, on top of their glucose‐lowering efficacy, have been shown to protect the heart and the kidney. Despite these new opportunities, metformin retains a pivotal role among glucose‐lowering agents. As one of the few available insulin sensitizers, metformin is an effective, safe, and overall well‐tolerated drug backed by over 60 years of clinical experience, including evidence for potential benefits beyond glucose reduction across different ages, sexes, genetic backgrounds, geographical areas, and stages of disease. Although there is some discussion of whether metformin offers the most effective front‐line option in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D), it remains a natural companion to all other glucose‐lowering agents. Furthermore, metformin comes at a very low cost and, as such, it has extremely high cost‐effectiveness, particularly given the serious economic burden associated with diabetes complications. This financial advantage is particularly relevant in resource‐constrained healthcare systems, where the affordability of metformin may be instrumental in implementing an effective treatment in an evergrowing number of individuals. We present here compelling real‐world evidence in support of the clinical efficacy and cost‐effectiveness of metformin across different patient populations, highlighting areas where more population‐based studies are needed to further incorporate and consolidate its use in the pharmacological management of T2D.
Omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Insights and perspectives
Authors: Massaro Marika , Quarta Stefano , Calabriso Nadia , Carluccio Maria Annunziata , Scoditti Egeria , Mancuso Peter , De Caterina Raffaele , Madonna Rosalinda
Published: June 2024

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and progressive disorder that affects the pulmonary vasculature. Although recent developments in pharmacotherapy have extended the life expectancy of PAH patients, their 5‐year survival remains unacceptably low, underscoring the need for multitarget and more comprehensive approaches to managing the disease. This should incorporate not only medical, but also lifestyle interventions, including dietary changes and the use of nutraceutical support. Among these strategies, n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFAs) are emerging as promising agents able to counteract the inflammatory component of PAH. In this narrative review, we aim at analysing the preclinical evidence for the impact of n‐3 PUFAs on the pathogenesis and the course of PAH. Although evidence for the role of n‐3 PUFAs deficiencies in the development and progression of PAH in humans is limited, preclinical studies suggest that these dietary components may influence several aspects of the pathobiology of PAH. Further clinical research should test the efficacy of n‐3 PUFAs on top of approved clinical management. These studies will provide evidence on whether n‐3 PUFAs can genuinely serve as a valuable tool to enhance the efficacy of pharmacotherapy in the treatment of PAH.
Self‐perceptions in difficult times. A study highlighting how creative self‐efficacy of teachers is influenced by perceived stress, hope and critical thinking disposition
Authors: Mangion Margaret , Camilleri Gilmour , Vella Melchior
Published: June 2024

Educators are indispensable assets to society as they support students through the provision of good quality education (SDG4). While they establish working environments where students feel safe and able to contribute to their intellectual capital, an essential consideration arises when educators find themselves facing significant challenges. This study examines how critical thinking disposition, hope and stress perceived during the COVID‐19 pandemic relate to participants' belief in their ability to address pandemic‐related challenges through creative means. Responses from 173 educators revealed that critical thinking disposition is positively associated with educators' self‐perception of creative self‐efficacy. This study also finds that creative self‐efficacy is negatively affected by perceived stress. The findings also indicate demographic and professional differences in creative self‐efficacy among educators in Malta, with younger educators and those working in higher educational levels, particularly at tertiary institutions, exhibiting higher levels of this construct. However, the role within the institution influenced creative self‐efficacy levels differently. The findings from this study underline the relevance of initiatives aimed at bolstering support for educators.
Marked hyperferritinemia in critically ill cancer patients
Authors: Liedgens Paul , Heger Jan‐Michel , Sieg Noelle , Garcia Borrega Jorge , Naendrup Jan‐Hendrik , Simon Florian , Johannis Wibke , Hallek Michael , Shimabukuro‐Vornhagen Alexander , Kochanek Matthias , Böll Boris , Eichenauer Dennis A.
Published: June 2024

Objectives

To investigate characteristics and outcomes of critically ill cancer patients with marked hyperferritinemia.

Methods

A single‐center retrospective analysis comprising cancer patients with a ferritin level >10.000 μg/L treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) between 2012 and 2022 was conducted.

Results

A total of 117 patients were included in the analysis. The median age was 59 years (range: 15–86 years). Females accounted for 48% of cases. 90% of patients had a hematologic malignancy. The median maximum ferritin level was 27.349 μg/L (range: 10.300–426.073 μg/L). The diagnostic criteria of septic shock were fulfilled in 51% of cases; 31% of patients had hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) according to the HLH‐2004 criteria. Mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy and the use of vasopressors were necessary in 59%, 35% and 70% of cases, respectively. The ICU, hospital, 90‐day and 1‐year survival rates were 33.3%, 23.1%, 23.7% and 11.7%. Patients with septic shock had a worse survival than those without septic shock (p = .001); the survival of patients who fulfilled the HLH‐2004 criteria did not differ from those who did not (p = .88).

Conclusion

Critically ill cancer patients with marked hyperferritinemia have poor outcomes. The present data may help to make informed decisions for this patient group.
Diffuse, subcutaneous presentation of neurolymphomatosis in a horse with multicentric lymphoma
Authors: Graham Annabelle E. , Ricci Emanuele , Rocchigiani Guido , Carslake Harry B.
Published: June 2024

A five‐year‐old Dales gelding was presented with an eight‐week history of progressive, apparently nonpainful, cord‐like, subcutaneous masses across the face, neck, trunk and forelimbs. Physical and neurological examinations identified mild, diffuse weakness, hyperaesthesia and moderate tachycardia. Transcutaneous and transrectal ultrasonography and endoscopy of the guttural pouches confirmed marked enlargement of peripheral nerves and visible cranial nerves, respectively. Histopathology of the subcutaneous lesions was indicative of chronic lymphoplasmacytic polyneuritis with fibrosis. The horse failed to respond to treatment with glucocorticoids, showing progressive generalised weakness and was euthanised. Post‐mortem examination identified a generalised lymphadenopathy and widespread dissemination of neoplastic lymphocytes, throughout the peripheral and central nervous system, heart and liver, identified by immunohistochemistry as T‐cell rich B‐cell lymphoma. This is the first report in the veterinary literature of diffuse neurolymphomatosis presenting as visible branching subcutaneous masses.
Congenital variants of the ventral laminae of the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae are not associated with clinical signs or other radiological abnormalities of the cervicothoracic region in Warmblood horses
Authors: Dyson Sue , Phillips Kathryn , Zheng Shichen , Aleman Monica
Published: June 2024

Background

There is controversy about the clinical relevance of congenital variants of the ventral laminae of the sixth (C6) and seventh (C7) cervical vertebrae and their relationship with other radiological abnormalities.

Objectives

To document the prevalence of congenital variants of C6 and C7 and that of other radiological abnormalities from C6 to the second thoracic vertebra (T2).

Study design

Cross‐sectional.

Methods

The study included Warmblood horses ≥3 years of age undergoing clinical assessment at two referral institutions: 127 control horses and 96 cases (neurologic, neck pain or stiffness, or neck‐related forelimb lameness). All horses underwent a standardised orthopaedic and neurologic examination. Lateral–lateral and lateral 45°–55° ventral–lateral dorsal (left to right and right to left) radiographic views of C5 to T2 were acquired and assessed blinded to the horse's clinical category using a predetermined grading system.

Results

The ventral profile of C7 was abnormal in 54 horses (24.2%). Cases were less likely to have congenital variants than control horses, p = 0.0002, relative risk (RR): 0.63 (95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 0.4, 1.0). There was no association between the presence of a congenital variant of C7 and the presence of modelling of the articular processes (APs) of C6–C7, C7–T1 or T1–T2. Cases were more likely to have severe modelling of the APs at C6–C7, p = 0.01, RR: 1.94, CI: 1.1, 3.5 and C7–T1, p = 0.04, RR: 1.97, CI: 1.2, 3.2 compared with control horses.

Main limitations

Radiographs were read by one assessor independently at each institution.

Conclusions

There was no association between the presence of congenital variants of C7 and any other radiological findings. Congenital variants occurred less frequently in cases compared with control horses. There was no association between the presence or absence of a congenital variant and the type of case.
Sensitivity of the stock assessment for the Antarctic krill fishery to time‐varying natural and fishing mortality
Authors: Johannessen Elling Deehr , Krafft Bjørn A. , Donovan Carl R. , Wiff Rodrigo , Caneco Bruno , Lowther Andrew
Published: June 2024

The stock assessment model for the Antarctic krill fishery is a population model operating on daily timesteps, which permits modeling within‐year patterns of some population dynamics. We explored the effects of including within‐year patterns in natural and fishing mortality on catch limits of krill, by incorporating temporal presence of key predator species and contemporary temporal trends of the fishing fleet. We found that inclusion of within‐year variation in natural and fishing mortalities increased catch limits. Fishing mortality had a greater effect than natural mortality despite differences in top‐down predation on krill, and potentially increased catch limits by 24% compared to the baseline model. Additionally, the stock assessment model allowed a higher catch limit when fishing was during peak summer months than autumn. Number of days with active fishing was negatively related to precautionary catch limits. Future stock assessments should incorporate contemporary spatiotemporal fishing trends and consider implementing additional ecosystem components into the model.
Yield development and nutrient offtake in contrasting miscanthus hybrids under green and brown harvest regimes
Authors: Lewin Eva , Clifton Brown John , Magenau Elena , Jensen Elaine , Mangold Anja , Lewandowski Iris , Kiesel Andreas
Published: June 2024

Harvest time is an important variable that determines the yield of miscanthus biomass, its possible end uses, and the nutrient offtake from the field. Green harvests result in a higher yield and greater nutrient removal from the field. Brown miscanthus harvests, carried out in late winter or early spring, result in lower yields and a lower nutrient offtake, whereby the harvested biomass is better suited to use in combustion. To look at the long‐term impact of green harvests on miscanthus, this experiment followed the yield development of two miscanthus hybrids subjected to green and brown harvests over a period of seven years at one site in Southern Germany. The standard commercial hybrid Miscanthus × giganteus (Mxg) was compared with a novel late‐ripening Miscanthus sinensis hybrid: Syn55. Average yields of Mxg were 19.9 t ha−1 for green harvests and 13.2 t ha−1 for brown harvests compared to 13.9 and 12.9 t ha−1 for green and brown harvested Syn55, respectively. Yields of Mxg were very different for green and brown harvests; green harvested Mxg had very high nutrient offtake, while brown harvested Mxg had the lowest nutrient offtakes of all treatments. Syn55 showed a less marked difference between green and brown harvests likely due to its tendency to retain its leaves over winter. Syn55 was however not tolerant of a green harvest, with yields of brown harvested stands surpassing the yield of green harvested stands in several years. Although Mxg demonstrated consistently high yields when harvested in October, some signs of yield decline were detected in both hybrids when harvested green, which was due to insufficient carbohydrate relocation. Alternating green and brown harvests are recommended to allow stands to replenish carbohydrate stores and to form a litter layer.
Conceptualizing Controlling Factors for PFAS Salting Out in Groundwater Discharge Zones Along Sandy Beaches
Authors: Hort Hiroko M. , Robinson Clare E. , Sawyer Audrey H. , Li Yue , Cardoso Rebecca , Lee Sophia A. , Roff Douglas , Adamson David T. , Newell Charles J.
Published: June 2024

Understanding fate and transport processes for per‐ and poly‐fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is critical for managing impacted sites. “PFAS Salting Out” in groundwater, defined herein, is an understudied process where PFAS in fresh groundwater mixes with saline groundwater near marine shorelines, which increases sorption of PFAS to aquifer solids. While sorption reduces PFAS mass discharge to marine surface water, the fraction that sorbs to beach sediments may be mobilized under future salinity changes. The objective of this study was to conceptually explore the potential for PFAS Salting Out in sandy beach environments and to perform a preliminary broad‐scale characterization of sandy shoreline areas in the continental U.S. While no site‐specific PFAS data were collected, our conceptual approach involved developing a multivariate regression model that assessed how tidal amplitude and freshwater submarine groundwater discharge affect the mixing of fresh and saline groundwater in sandy coastal aquifers. We then applied this model to 143 U.S. shoreline areas with sandy beaches (21% of total beaches in the USA), indirectly mapping potential salinity increases in shallow freshwater PFAS plumes as low (<10 ppt), medium (10–20 ppt), or high (>20 ppt) along groundwater flow paths before reaching the ocean. Higher potential salinity increases were observed in West Coast bays and the North Atlantic coastline, due to the combination of moderate to large tides and large fresh groundwater discharge rates, while lower increases occurred along the Gulf of Mexico and the southern Florida Atlantic coast. The salinity increases were used to estimate potential perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) sorption in groundwater due to salting out processes. Low‐category shorelines may see a 1‐ to 2.5‐fold increase in sorption of PFOS, medium‐category a 2.0‐ to 6.4‐fold increase, and high‐category a 3.8‐ to 25‐fold increase in PFOS sorption. The analysis presented provides a first critical step in developing a large‐scale approach to classify the PFAS Salting Out potential along shorelines and the limitations of the approach adopted highlights important areas for further research.
Acquired haemophilia A in Finland: A nationwide study of incidence, treatment and outcomes
Authors: Nummi Vuokko , Hiltunen Leena , Szanto Timea , Poikonen Eira , Lehtinen Anna‐Elina
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Acquired haemophilia A (AHA) is a bleeding disorder caused by autoantibody development against factor VIII (FVIII). Studies on AHA have mainly focused on patients treated at specialist centres.

Aim

To determine the incidence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of AHA in an unselected population‐based patient cohort from Finland.

Methods

This retrospective observational cohort comprised all cases diagnosed with AHA in Finland between 2006 and 2019. Patients were identified by the two central laboratories performing FVIII antibody testing in Finland, the Finnish Red Cross Blood Service and HUSLAB. Clinical details were collected from all hospitals and healthcare units where patients were treated. This study was performed in conjunction with the AHA in the Nordics study.

Results

The median incidence of AHA was 0.65 per million per year (range 0.19‐1.27). Fifty‐five patients were identified, with a median age of 76 years and an even sex ratio (51% women). When diagnosed, all had bleeding symptoms with severe bleeds in 92%. First‐line immunosuppressive treatment regimens included steroid monotherapy in 31% of cases, steroids and a cytotoxic agent in 51% and a rituximab‐based regimen in 16%. Clinical remission was achieved in 71% of cases, and 15% had relapses. Mortality was 13% for bleeds and 9% for treatment‐related infections. Overall survival was 64% for 1 year and 56% for 2 years after diagnosis.

Conclusions

In a nationwide population‐based cohort study, we discovered a lower incidence of AHA than previously reported. Mortality among patients with AHA was high, calling for the consideration of updated treatment strategies.
Research on dynamic mechanical properties and damage model of ceramic materials under multi‐axial stress
Authors: Kong Lingjun , Yao Kai , Wang Jiawei
Published: June 2024

Due to their exceptional impact resistance, ceramics are extensively used in various fields. However, unavoidable pores, microcracks, and inherent defects can degrade the performance of ceramic materials. A damage model of SiC ceramics under passive confining pressure was constructed based on the Lemaitre strain equivalence principle and the Weibull distribution function. This paper presented a dynamic damage model for SiC ceramics subjected to passive confinement pressure based on the principles of damage mechanics. Additionally, the split Hopkinson pressure bar device was employed to investigate the compressive strength and damage evolution of SiC ceramics at various shock pressures and confinement degrees. The experimental results indicate that constraints can reduce the damage to ceramics. The metal sleeve increased stiffness when compressing the ceramic material, allowing the specimen to convert from brittle–plastic–brittle. When sufficient constraints can be provided, the peak strain decreases gradually with the increase of the impact air pressure. Experimental data showing good agreement with the proposed model validated and analyzed the established model. Thinner boundary constraints cannot maintain the stability of ceramic structures, thicker boundaries do not significantly improve performance, and thicker boundaries can cause more weak areas. This paper provides guidance for the design of encapsulated ceramic composite armor by quantitatively studying the constraint thickness.
Using generative artificial intelligence/ChatGPT for academic communication: Students' perspectives
Authors: Liu Yanhua , Park Jaeuk , McMinn Sean
Published: June 2024

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools such as ChatGPT with their human‐like intelligence and language processing capabilities are significantly impacting the way we live, work, and communicate with each other. While scholars have increasingly focused on the use of GenAI in higher education since its inception, little is known about how key higher education stakeholders, particularly students, perceive its impact on teaching and learning within the context of academic communication, an area central to students' development of transferable skills and literacy competencies yet heavily influenced by the technology. This empirical study addresses the gap by investigating students' experiences and attitudes toward GenAI tools for English academic communication, focusing on their overall perceptions, perceived benefits, limitations, and challenges. Drawing on data from a questionnaire survey with 475 students and interviews with 12 at two universities in China, our findings indicate that students generally view GenAI positively, considering them useful for learning academic communication skills, particularly in writing, grammar, vocabulary, and reading. However, limitations are recognized in terms of giving feedback on critical thinking, creativity, and speaking skills. In addition, information reliability, ethical issues, and impact on assessment and academic integrity also emerged as important concerns. Our study argues that universities should embrace and capitalize on the affordances of GenAI and address its challenges to better support students' learning of critical academic literacy.
Omnichannel shopping habit development
Authors: Sharma Neeru , Fatima Johra Kayeser , Sharma Shveta , Amin Sabreena Zoha
Published: June 2024

Given the growing importance of habit development in omnichannel literature, this study aims to explore the factors contributing to the development of omnichannel shopping habit and the subsequent impact on usage and word‐of‐mouth. Data from 512 omnichannel shoppers via an online survey were analysed using structural equation modelling. Results show that in‐store employee interactions strongly affect cognitive engagement, while digital interactions predominantly influence affective engagement. Affective engagement is key for value consciousness, which, along with affective engagement, drives habit development. Significant moderation impact of income and relationship length also suggest that higher income and longer omnichannel usage foster stronger habit due to value consciousness. Additional analysis reveals a significant moderating influence of habit between value consciousness and its outcomes. This research advances omnichannel retail literature by illustrating how the mode of interaction (digital or in‐store personal) can influence various types of engagement, and how habit works as a mediator and moderator for value consciousness in driving usage and word‐of‐mouth. Retailers can cultivate habitual omnichannel shopping by enhancing positive interactions across channels and monitoring affective engagement and value consciousness.
The impact of psychological factors and anxiety on uroflowmetry results
Authors: Kettas Dolek Elife , Açikal Tolga , Akbay Erdem , Biyikoğlu Melih , Erdem Erim
Published: June 2024

The European Association of Urology and the International Incontinence Society recommend uroflowmetry (UF) as the first objective assessment tool for patients with signs and symptoms of lower urinary tract dysfunction. In addition, the American Urological Association stated that “clinicians should be aware that the UF may be affected by the voided volume (VV) and the conditions of the test” and that “consistent, similar and comparable serial UF measurements provide the most valuable results.” This study aimed to investigate the impact of psychological factors and anxiety on UF results. The study comprised 42 patients (20 men and 22 women) who presented to our clinic, reported lower urinary tract symptoms, and were scheduled to undergo UF between the 1st of February 2020 and the 1st of March 2022. We evaluated the generalized anxiety disorder‐7 form (GAD‐7) to determine the general and baseline anxiety level of the patients and the state–trait anxiety inventory scale (STAI‐S) to determine the current anxiety level of the patients. A non‐significant increase in post‐voiding residual urine was observed in the second UF compared to the first one (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant increase in the VV, peak flow rate and average flow rate and a significant decrease in the time to peak flow rate for all patients (p < 0.05). Consistent with the GAD‐7, all patients had moderate general anxiety before the first UF. However, men's anxiety levels decreased to a mild level on the second session (p < 0.05), while women's remained at a moderate level (p > 0.05). There was a non‐significant decrease in STAI‐S scores before the second uroflowmetry compared to the first in both genders (p > 0.05). In addition, women's STAI‐S scores were higher than men's in both sessions (p < 0.01). No significant correlation was found between the percentage change in STAI‐S scores and all uroflowmetry parameters (p > 0.05). We determined that patients of both genders experienced moderate general anxiety before UF, which decreased in men on the second session and remained in women. In addition, we found that the women had a higher momentary anxiety compared to men before both UF sessions. Patients' sense of privacy and embarrassment can lead to tension, anxiety and stress, which may have an impact on the results of UF. Reducing patient anxiety during the UF test can contribute to more accurate diagnoses and appropriate treatment by clinicians.
The effect of nursing services management efficiency on nurses’ professional commitment: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Arslan Seker Sevda , Coskun Palaz Simge
Published: June 2024

Aim

To determine the effect of nurses' perceptions of the effectiveness of nursing services management on their professional commitment.

Background

Effective healthcare management is crucial for improving patient care quality. Understanding nurses' perspectives on nursing services management and their commitment provides valuable insights for management strategies, improving well‐being and healthcare outcomes.

Methods

This descriptive, cross‐sectional, and correlational study involved 265 state hospital nurses. Data were collected between November 2020 and June 2021 using descriptive characteristic form, Nursing Services Management Effectiveness Scale, and Nursing Professional Commitment Scale. This study adhered to the STROBE checklist.

Results

Nurses' views on the effectiveness of nursing services management and their professional commitment were found to be influenced by age, professional experience, and institutional positions. The average scores for nursing services management perception and professional commitment were 2.65 ± 0.72 and 66.63 ± 12.40, respectively. A statistically significant positive and low‐level correlation was observed between nurses' nursing services management perception and professional commitment scores. Nurses' positive perception of nursing services management explains 17.1% of the variance in nurses' professional commitment levels.

Discussion and conclusion

This study outlines how nurses' views on effective nursing services management can enhance their professional commitment. Managers should contribute to increase nursing services management efficacy by eliminating deficiencies in management practices to make their institutions successful and to increase their employees’ professional commitment level.

Implications for nursing and health policy

Assuming positive perceptions of nursing management increase nurses' professional commitment, developing policies to boost organizational support is vital. Managers should focus on improving nursing services management to increase organizational success, increase nurses' professional commitment, and achieve the best health outcomes by eliminating management deficiencies.
Comparison of two CBCT analysis techniques with conventional periapical radiographs in assessment of tertiary dentin after indirect pulp capping in young permanent teeth
Authors: Baraka Marwa , Cevidanes Lucia , Ruellas Antonio , Benavides Erika , Aly Nourhan , Fontana Margherita
Published: June 2024

Background and aim

To compare two cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis techniques for measuring tertiary dentin (TD) volume, density, and root length increase, after indirect pulp therapy (IPT) in young permanent teeth with conventional periapical radiographs.

Design

Comparative study design: Sixty‐nine CBCT scans were taken initially (T1) and after 1 year (T2) of IPT. New CBCT analysis technique A, standardization, segmentation, and registration of T1 and T2 scans were performed using ITK‐SNAP and 3D Slicer CMF to measure TD volume (mm3), density (gray‐level intensity), and root length increase (mm). In the traditional CBCT analysis technique B, analyses were conducted using the In‐Vivo software to calculate TD thickness (mm), radiodensity (HU%), and root length increase (mm). Paired t‐test and the intraclass correlation coefficient were calculated to compare and assess the reliability of all techniques.

Results

No significant difference between the two techniques existed in the measurement of TD mineral density (Mean [SD]:A = 22.4 [15.4]; B = 24.4 [15.4]; p = .47). Technique A resulted in significantly higher root length increase values (Mean [SD]: A = 1.3 [0.6]; B = 1.1 [0.5]; p = .03). The two techniques showed acceptable reliability levels (0.76–0.99).

Conclusion

CBCT analysis techniques yielded similar findings for mineral density. The new CBCT volumetric analysis technique, although more laborious, produced higher values for root length increase, and allowed for measurement of dentin volume.
Inclusive pedagogy in online simulation‐based learning in undergraduate nursing education: A scoping review
Authors: Langan Lisa , Frazer Kate , Darley Andrew , Goodman Lizbeth , Browne Freda , Fulfilled Patrick , Halligan Phil , Redmond Catherine
Published: June 2024

Background

Equality, diversity and inclusion initiatives seek to embed the concept of inclusive pedagogy to promote inclusive educational environments. However, no evidence synthesis exists which examines whether and how the concept of inclusive pedagogy is addressed in online simulation‐based learning in the undergraduate nursing education literature.

Aims

To map the evidence regarding the adoption of inclusive pedagogy in online simulation‐based learning in undergraduate nursing education.

Design

A scoping review.

Methods

Data were extracted, synthesized and presented in narrative and table format.

Data Sources

A systematic search of five databases and five sources of grey literature was conducted to search literature published between 1st January 2010 to 1st June 2022.

Results

Thirty‐eight papers published between 2011 and 2022 were included. The results are presented under three identified themes: (1) Learner diversity; (2) Theoretical frameworks promoting equality, diversity and inclusion in online simulation and (3) Online simulation feedback.

Conclusion

Inclusive pedagogy has not been considered or embedded in its entirety in online simulation in undergraduate nursing education literature.

Implications for the profession and/or patient care

Utilizing an inclusive pedagogy framework may prove advantageous in generating inclusive teaching approaches to support all students.

Impact

This review will interest educators and managers that wish to incorporate equality, diversity and inclusion initiatives in nursing education.

Reporting Method

This scoping review has adhered to the EQUATOR guidelines: the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews checklist.

Patient or Public Contribution

No Patient or Public Contribution.
Risk factors and a predictive model for left ventricular hypertrophy in young adults with salt‐sensitive hypertension
Authors: Wan Jindong , Wang Peijian , Liu Sen , Wang Xinquan , Zhou Peng , Yang Jian
Published: June 2024

Salt‐sensitive hypertension is common among individuals with essential hypertension, and the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) has increased. However, data from early identification of the risk of developing LVH in young adults with salt‐sensitive hypertension are lacking. Thus, the present study aimed to design a nomogram for predicting the risk of developing LVH in young adults with salt‐sensitive hypertension. A retrospective analysis of 580 patients with salt‐sensitive hypertension was conducted. The training set consisted of 70% (n = 406) of the patients, while the validation set consisted of the remaining 30% (n = 174). Based on multivariate analysis of the training set, predictors for LVH were extracted to develop a nomogram. Discrimination curves, calibration curves, and clinical utility were employed to assess the predictive performance of the nomogram. The final simplified nomogram model included age, sex, office systolic blood pressure, duration of hypertension, abdominal obesity, triglyceride‐glucose index, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In the training set, the model demonstrated moderate discrimination, as indicated by an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.863 (95% confidence interval: 0.831–0.894). The calibration curve exhibited good agreement between the predicted and actual probabilities of LVH in the training set. Additionally, the validation set further confirmed the reliability of the prediction nomogram. In conclusions, the simplified nomogram, which consists of seven routine clinical variables, has shown good performance and clinical utility in identifying young adults with salt‐sensitive hypertension who are at high risk of LVH at an early stage.
Effects of ultraviolet rays and particulate matter on hair porosity in damaged hair
Authors: Yang Sung Jae , Yu Hye Ju , Lee Jinyong , Hwang Seung Jin , Kang Nae‐Gyu , Jeong Eui‐Taek
Published: June 2024

Background

With growing interest in hair health, researchers are exploring aspects beyond the surface qualities of hair, such as its porous inner structure. While previous studies have focused on the effects of treatments such as perming and hair dying on hair porosity, less emphasis has been paid to the effects of harmful environmental factors such as ultraviolet (UV) rays and particulate matter on the porous nature of hair.

Aims

The aim of this study was to bridge this gap by investigating how UV rays and particulate matter affect hair porosity in different ways. Our study could help elucidate how these external factors influence hair health and shed light on previously unknown aspects of hair porosity.

Methods

Hair tresses were bleached, cut into 1 cm‐long sections, and stained with methylene blue. The sections were then irradiated with UV light or exposed to particulate matter.

Results

Bleached hair absorbed more methylene blue than normal hair. UV radiation‐induced hair porosity occurred at 3 h after irradiation and increased with time. Particulate matter alone did not affect the porosity of the damaged hair; however, in combination with UV irradiation, it substantially increased hair porosity.

Conclusion

Environmental challenges such as a depleted ozone layer and increasing pollution may increase hair porosity, which can be prevented by maintaining healthy hair.
It's a match! The role of coach–coachee fit for working alliance and effectiveness of coaching
Authors: Solms Lara , van Vianen Annelies E. M. , Nevicka Barbara , Koen Jessie , de Hoog Matthijs , de Pagter Anne P. J.
Published: June 2024

The coaching literature emphasizes the role of the coach–coachee working alliance in obtaining positive coaching outcomes and proposes that a good match between coach and coachee promotes this working alliance. However, existing coaching research has some methodological shortcomings that limit drawing robust conclusions about the importance of coach–coachee fit and working alliance for coaching effectiveness. In this study, we investigate coach–coachee fit as an antecedent of the working alliance and its effects on coaching outcomes. Using a three‐wave study design, 184 coachees participating in a workplace coaching program in healthcare answered online surveys before, halfway‐through, and approximately one month after coaching. We measured both coachee‐rated and coach‐rated working alliance and, based on person‐environment fit theories, we included three measures of coach–coachee fit, that is similarity‐fit, general needs‐supplies fit, and idiosyncratic needs‐supplies fit. Multilevel path modelling revealed that only idiosyncratic needs‐supplies fit, where the coach fulfils a coachee's unique needs, related positively to coaching satisfaction through coachee‐rated working alliance and predicted improved goal attainment. Coachees’ similarity‐fit related positively to their assessment of the working alliance but, unexpectedly, predicted lower coaching satisfaction. Coach‐ and coachee‐rated working alliance related to coaching satisfaction but not goal attainment. These findings make a unique contribution to current debates in the coaching and person‐environment fit literatures and advance our understanding of the role of coach–coachee fit and working alliance for affective and behavioural coaching outcomes.
Beyond School Climate: Validating the School as a Protective Factor‐Brief Survey
Authors: Lilly Christa L. , Kristjansson Alfgeir L. , Smith Megan L. , Thrisdottir Inibjorg Eva , Havlicak Ashley , Mann Michael J.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The conceptual framework for School as a Protective Factor approach was presented in a companion article in this issue of the journal. The current article describes the validation of the School as a Protective Factor‐Brief (SPF‐Brief), a 13‐item survey measuring the 3 core constructs and 13 defining characteristics of this framework.

METHODS

The SPF‐Brief was validated through 2 studies. The developmental study used a longitudinal design including 1349 participants who completed surveys over 5 semesters, while the validation study used a cross‐sectional design with 2775 participants. Both studies included middle and high school students. Factor analysis, growth model analysis, criterion‐related validation, and outcome analysis were employed.

RESULTS

Analyses provided strong evidence supporting the reliability and validity of the instrument and conceptual framework. Higher SPF‐Brief scores were associated with higher math grades, English grades, and quality of life, as well as lower rates of anxiety, depression, conduct disorder, alcohol, e‐cigarette, tobacco, and cannabis use. Effect size estimates ranged from moderate to strong.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggest the utility of the SPF‐Brief instrument and the School as a Protective Factor framework. Together, they may offer advantages to the traditional school climate approach.
‘Throw me a life buoy, please’: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence regarding nurses' experiences of caring for inpatients with borderline personality disorder and/or non‐suicidal self‐injury
Authors: Nordkamp Annika , Roed Kickan , Videbech Poul , Midtgaard Julie
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is prevalent in individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD), particularly in inpatient settings. This poses challenges, leading to frustration and powerlessness among healthcare professionals. This, in turn, puts mental health nurses at risk of compassion fatigue (CF), impacting treatment quality.

Aim

We conducted a systematic review and meta‐synthesis to investigate the experiences of mental health nurses caring for people with BPD and/or NSSI in inpatient settings.

Method

Literature search was performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychINFO and Web of Science. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) was used to critically appraise each study. For synthesis of findings from original studies, Thomas and Harden's thematic synthesis was used.

Results

In total 1492 studies were screened of which seven met the inclusion criteria. We identified four main analytical themes: ‘Notions on nursing’, ‘Reality calls’, ‘Fall of ideals’ and ‘Throw me a lifebuoy, please’, with each two subthemes included.

Discussion

Despite nurses' strong motivations for positive change and assistance, unexpected demands lead to emotional exhaustion, affecting their care provision.

Implications for Practice

The study underscores the necessity of addressing nurses' emotional strain through education and skill‐oriented training, enhancing their resilience and reducing CF risk, ultimately securing adequate care, and improving patient outcomes.