bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elucidation of The Potential Mechanism of Guanxin Ⅱ Formula Against Traumatic Brain Injury, Depression and Functional Dyspepsia Through Network Pharmacology Strategy
Authors: Cai Yawen , Zhou Li , Chen Li , Zhang Xiaohang , Ren Ping , Huang Xi
Published: April 2023

With the aging of the world population trend intensifying, a growing number of individuals are suffering from two or more long-term diseases, namely multimorbidity. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) medication is a unique treatment method in China. Traditional Chinese medicine formulae (FTCM) contain multiple herbs with multi-target, multichannel, and multi-link characteristics. Besides, FTCM is known for its multi-targeted pharmacological function and fewer side effects. Guanxin Ⅱ is a representative compound with powerful pharmacological effects, such as cardio-protection, anti-traumatic brain injury (TBI), anti-depression, and anti-functional dyspepsia (FD). Moreover, its mechanism is mainly through inhibiting the inflammatory response. However, due to the complex biological active ingredients of the herbal formula, its active ingredients and mechanism of action in the treatment of TBI, depression, and FD are not yet fully elucidated. Therefore, we first explored the main active ingredients and potential mechanisms of action of Guanxin Ⅱ in the treatment of TBI, depression, and FD by using network pharmacology methods. Nextly, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to validate the relationship between Guanxin Ⅱ and three commonly used drugs for these diseases. Subsequently, we docked the principal components (luteolin, quercetin, and β-sitosterol) with key targets (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF) of Guanxin Ⅱ in the treatment of TBI, depression, and FD, by molecular docking methods, which further validated the above analysis results. In conclusion, Guanxin Ⅱ has therapeutic effects on TBI, depression, and FD, mainly by inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory cytokines from reducing the inflammatory response.
Assessment of safety and in situ antibacterial activity of Weissella cibaria strains isolated from Campos das Vertentes, Minas Gerais, Brazil for their food application
Authors: Teixeira Camila Gonçalves , Belguesmia Yanath , Rodrigues Rafaela Silva , Lucau-Danila Anca , Nero Luís Augusto , Carvalho Antônio Fernandes , Drider Djamel
Published: April 2023

Aims: Weissella cibaria W21, W25 and W42 strains have previously been characterized for their antagonism against a range of foodborne pathogens. However, prior to their use as protective agents, further analyses such as their safety and in situactivity are needed.
Methods and Results: The safety of W. cibaria W21, W25 and W42 strains was predicted in silico and confirmed experimentally. Analyses of their genomes using appropriate software did not reveal any acquired antimicrobial resistance genes, nor mobile genetic elements (MGE). The survival of each strain was determined in vitro under conditions mimicking the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Thus, hemolysis, cytotoxicity and the inflammation capabilities of these strains were respectively determined on blood agar, using a mixture of two cell-lines composed of 50% Caco-2/HT-29 and on the promonocytic human cell line U937. The Weissellastrains were found to be haemolysis-negative, non-cytotoxic and did not induce any inflammation. Furthermore, these strains adhered tightly to intestinal Caco-2 cell-lines and exerted in situ anti-proliferative activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (strain MRSA S1) and Escherichia coli 181, a colistin resistant strain. However, the W. cibariastrains showed low survival rate under simulated GIT conditions in vitro.
Conclusion: The unusual LAB-strains Weissella cibaria strains W21, W25 and W42 are safe and endowed with potent antibacterial activities. These strains are therefore good candidates for industrial applications.
Significance and Impact of Study: The results of this study allow a better characterization and to gain insights into Weissella strains, which are considered as unusual LAB, but which prompt a growing interest in their bio-functional properties and their potential industrial applications.
An overview of approaches for reducing uncertainties in hydrological forecasting: progress, and challenges
Authors: Panchanathan Anandharuban , Ahrari Amir Hossein , Ghag Kedar , Must Syed Md Touhidul , Haghighi Ali Torabi , Kløve Bjørn , Oussalah Mourad
Published: April 2023

In the present study, we review the methods and approaches used for uncertainty handling in hydrological forecasting of streamflow, floods, and snow. This review has six thematic sections: (1) general trends in accounting uncertainties in hydrological forecasting, (2) sources of uncertainties in hydrological forecasting, (3) methods used in the studies to address uncertainty, (4) multi-criteria approach for reducing uncertainty in hydrological forecasting and its applications (5) role of remote sensing data sources for hydrological forecasting and uncertainty handling, (6) selection of hydrological models for hydrological forecasting. Especially, a synthesis of the literature showed that approaches such as multi-data usage, multi-model development, multi-objective functions, and pre-/post-processing are widely used in recent studies to improve forecasting capabilities. This study reviews the current state-of-the-art and explores the constraints and advantages of using these approaches to reduce uncertainty. The comparative summary provided in this study offers insights into various methods of uncertainty reduction, highlighting the associated advantages and challenges for readers, scientists, hydrological modelers, and practitioners in improving the forecast task. A set of freely accessible remotely sensed data and tools useful for uncertainty handling and hydrological forecasting are reviewed and pointed out.
Experimental study on the effect of attapulgite powder addition amount on lubricating performance of lubricant
Authors: WANG Jie , YANG Hongjuan , WANG Shisong , FENG Huiling , DENG Xingqiao
Published: April 2023

Attapulgite rod clay (ATP) powder has been widely studied as a high-quality lubricant additive, but its anti-wear and antifriction mechanism has not been clearly explained. To solve this problem, oil samples with different attapulgite powder contents were prepared in this study, and friction and wear tests were carried out to test the friction coefficient on the surface of the friction pair. Finally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to verify the analysis results, and the mechanism of anti-wear and friction reduction of attapulgite powder was revealed fundamentally. The research results show that the reason why the lubricating performance of the oil sample is closely related to the amount of attapulgite powder is the proportion of Al2O3 and Fe2O3 in the friction layer, indicating that the lubricating performance of the oil sample is positively correlated with the proportion of Al2O3 and Fe2O3 in the friction layer.
Optimal BG Regulation in Type-I Diabetes Mellitus (TIDM) Patient using Adaptive Control Algorithm
Authors: Patra Akshaya Kumar , Panigrahi Girija Sankar
Published: April 2023

This article describes the design of Teaching Learning Based Optimization Algorithm -Tilt Integral-Derivative-Filter (TLBOA-TIDF) controller to infuse ideal insulin doses to manage Blood Glucose (BG) levels in TIDM patients with an Artificial Pancreas (AP). In this control technique, Teaching Learning Based Optimization Algorithm (TLBOA) is used, that adjusts the controller gains of the proposed patient model for better regulation of BG. This classic TLBOA controller is designed to improve patient performance and robustness. Nonlinearities present in the patient model pose problems for glycemic control. Using an AP-based TLBOA efficiently overcomes the nonlinearity of patient models and maintains BG levels in the glycemic band (70–120 mg/dl). Use of the suggested patient model with TLBOA-TIDF is examined for precision, consistency, robustness, noise reduction and improved ability to handle uncertainty. A comparative study of results from different control methods reveals the causes of the advanced control performance of the proposed approach.
Unique pharmacokinetics for oral tacrolimus administration following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for AML with Shwachman–Diamond syndrome
Authors: ionue yasuyuki , uemura yu , kosugi shigeki , kanno masatoshi , sano fumiaki
Published: April 2023

Shwachman–Diamond syndrome(SDS) is a rare autosomal recessive multisystem diseasecharacterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, impaired hematopoiesis, and a predisposition to leukemia [1]. We previously reported successful haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and SDS [2]. Herein, we describe the unique pharmacokinetics of orally administered tacrolimus in one such patient.
Indicatioon of vegetation site conditions of the park «Sosnovka» using Ramensky’s ecological scales
Authors: Ле К.Ву. , Нешатаев В.Ю.
Published: April 2023

В 2021 г. в парке Сосновка выполнены геоботанические описания на тех же участках, где в 1925-1926 гг. Я.Я. Васильев и А.Г. Гаель определили доминанты живого напочвенного покрова, полноту, возраст и бонитет насаждений. В 1925- 1926 гг. в Сосновке преобладали сосняки брусничные и черничные. За 96-97 лет часть сосняков сменилась березняками. В составе древостоев появились липа сердцевидная, клёны платановидный и татарский, рябина обыкновенная, в подросте исчезла сосна, но появилось много широколиственных деревьев, сформировался ярус подлеска из 17 видов. В травяно-кустарничковом ярусе сократилось обилие черники и брусники, других лесных видов, появились виды луговые, сорно-рудеральные, сорно-пасквальные, сорно-судубравные (сныть, гравилат городской и др.). Произошло сильное сокращение проективного покрытия зелёных лесных мхов и их частичная замена на Climacium dendroides, Sanionia uncinata, Plagiomnium cuspidatum, представителей семейства Brachytheciaceae. Исчезли сосняки лишайниковые. Индикация условий увлажнения с помощью шкал Л.Г. Раменского и др. (1956) показала, что оно осталось практически неизменным (66-71 в 1925-1926 г. и 65-73 в 2022 г.). Индикация условий богатства-засоления почв с помощью шкал показала, что почвенное плодородие возросло примерно на одну ступень (3,6-4,1 в 1925- 1926 г. и 4,0-5,0 в 2022 г.).

In 2021, geobotanical descriptions were carried out in Sosnovka Park on the same sites where in 1925-1926 Y.Y. Vasiliev and A.G. Gael determined the dominants of the living ground cover, completeness, age and bonitet of plantings. In 1925-1926, lingonberry and blueberry pine forests prevailed in Sosnovka. Over 96-97 years, the vegetation and soils of Sosnovka Park have undergone significant changes. Some of the pine forests were replaced by birch forests. The small-leaved lime, Norway and Tatar maples, common rowan appeared in the stands. There is no pine among young generation, but there are many young broad-leaved trees. To date, a well-defined layer of undergrowth appeared, consisting of 17 species of shrubs and small trees. In the grass-shrub layer, the abundance of blueberries and cranberries, other forest specieshas decreased, meadow species, weed-ruderal, weed-pascal, weed-subnemoral occurred. There was a strong reduction in the projective coverage of green forest mosses and their partial replacement by Climacium dendroides, Sanionia uncinata, Plagiomnium cuspidatum, representatives of the Brachytheciaceae family. Lichen pine forests have completely disappeared in Sosnovka. Indication of moisture conditions using L.G.Ramensky scales (1956) showed that it remained unchanged (66-71 in 1925-26 and 65-73 in 2022). Indication of soil richness-salinity conditions using L.G.Ramensky scales (1956) showed that soil fertility increased by approximately 1 step (3.6-4.1 in 1925-26 and 4.0-5.0 in 2022).
Investigation of the effect of pectins of fruit and vegetable powders on the technological properties of confectionery glaze
Authors: Zaytseva L. V. , Mazukabzova E. V. , Bogachuk M. N.
Published: April 2023

Fruit and vegetable raw materials and processed products contain dietary fibers and biologically active substances, so the use of such raw materials in the manufacture of foods increases their nutritional value. In addition, dietary fibers of fruit and vegetable raw materials can influence the technological properties of food systems. The purpose of this work is determination of the amount of dietary fibers, pectins and the degree of their esterification in fruit and vegetable powders, as well as establishment of an impact of these parameters on the technological properties of confectionery glazes with the addition of fruit and vegetable powders (taking into account the ability of the latter to absorb fat). Objects of research are powders of carrots, apples, beets, raspberries and model samples of confectionery glazes with their addition. Rheological parameters of confectionery glazes were determined by the Casson method on a rotary viscometer. The content of dietary fibers was established by the enzymatic-gravimetric method. Pectins from powders were isolated by acid hydrolysis of raw materials followed by ethanol precipitation. A degree of esterification of pectins was calculated on the basis of the results obtained by potentiometric titration. It has been found that the studied fruit and vegetable powders from domestic raw materials were characterized by a high amount of dietary fibers (24–38%), the main part of which was represented by pectin. Beet and raspberry powders contained low esterified pectins (18 and 33 g/100 g); apple and carrot powders contained highly esterified pectins (16 and 27 g/100 g). Powders with low esterified pectins showed a moderate increase in the Casson yield strength of the glazes with their addition that did not exceed the optimal values of this indicator. With increasing concentrations of powders with highly esterified pectins, a sharp increase in the Casson yield strength of the glazes was observed. At concentrations of 13% and more, this indicator exceeded the optimal values. Thus, in the development of confectionery glazes with fruit and vegetable powders, prediction of their maximum concentration can be carried out by determining the content of dietary fibers, pectins and a degree of their esterification, as well as by taking into account pH and the ability of powders to absorb fat.
Avocado fruit sorting by hyperspectral images
Authors: Metlenkin D. A. , Platova R. A. , Platov Yu. T. , Fedoseenko O. V. , Sadkova O. V.
Published: April 2023

The paper shows the use of the methods of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) in a range of 400–1000 nm and multivariate analysis for sorting Hass avocado fruits. The decomposition of the data matrix of HSIs of avocado fruits was carried out using the principle component analysis. The reflection bands in the visible and near-infrared spectral regions interrelated with the process of maturation and the moisture content of avocado fruits were revealed. It has been established that visualization upon avocado inline sorting by moisture is possible when using factor loadings as pseudo-color. Calibration models for determination of moisture and dry matter of avocado fruits were built based on the data of moisture measurement and hyperspectral images. The matrix of spectral data was formed by two methods: random selection of spectral signatures of HSIs from the whole surface of fruits or the image surface of HSIs of fruits (initial HSIs) as a region of interest (ROI). Based on the data of moisture measurement and selection of spectral signatures of hyperspectral images, calibration models were built for detection of moisture and dry matter of avocado fruits. Using sequential simulation by the projection to latent structures (PLS) method, accurate calibration models were developed to detect moisture (RP2 = 0.89) and dry matter (RP2 = 0.92) in the composition of avocado fruits. When building calibration models by the initial HSIs, models were obtained to predict moisture (RС2 = 0.99) and dry matter (RС2 = 0.99) in the composition of avocado fruits. It is proposed to use calibration models by the initial HSIs to determine moisture and dry matter in the intervals of the acceptable values according to the acting standard UNECE STANDARD FFV-42:2019.
Functional biscuits enriched with potato peel powder: Physical, chemical, rheological, and antioxidants properties
Authors: Tlay R. H. , Abdul-Abbas S. J. , El-Maksoud A.А. А. , Altemimi A. B. , Abedelmaksoud T. G.
Published: April 2023

This research aimed to replace wheat flour with potato peel powder (PPP) at different levels (3, 5, 7, 10, 30, and 50%). An effect of PPP on physical, chemical, rheological, and antioxidant properties of biscuit samples was investigated. The results show that the PPP sample had a significantly higher content of total sugar, protein and ash, and a lower content of moisture (15.68g/100g dry weight, 15.32 g/100g dry weight, 9.11%, 8.35%, respectively) compared with the wheat flour sample. Also, a higher total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (71.12 mg Gallic acid equivalent / 100g dry weight and 68.39%, respectively) was observed in the PPP sample. The highest percentage of PPP addition (50%) exerted the greatest significant effect on the content of total sugar, protein, moisture, ash, total phenols, and antioxidant activity compared with the control sample and other biscuit samples leading to their increase to 50.90 g/100g dry weight, 12.74 g/100g dry weight, 5.56%, 2.39%, 41.71 mg Gallic acid equivalent / 100g dry weight, 59.72%, respectively. A decrease in the L*, a*, b*, C*, h and BI values, and an increase in ∆E values were observed with replacing wheat flour with PPP. The 3% and 5% replacement rates contributed to improving most organoleptic characteristics (general acceptability, color, taste) compared to the samples with the highest studied percentages (30% and 50%). Although the highest percentages of PPP addition led to lower scores for sensory characteristics, all studied samples were acceptable from the sensory point of view, except the samples with the 50% replacement rate in terms of their taste and color.
Development of a personalized diet using the structural optimization method
Authors: Lisitsyn A. B. , Chernukha I. M. , Nikitina M. А.
Published: April 2023

The design of a human personalized diet considering a variety of different factors is associated with system analysis and formalization of data and knowledge, as well as with the development of digital technologies. The paper presents the methodology of optimization and formation of personalized diets based on structural-parametric modeling. The proposed approach allows solving the following tasks: 1)  to analyze the daily diet or individual meals (breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack, dinner, additional meals or snacks) with a known quantitative set of finished products in terms of energy value and chemical composition in order to reveal dietary disorders; 2)  to calculate quantity of products optimal for a meal from the fixed list, thereby composing an individual reference diet with regard to the mental and physical activities, nutritive status of a consumer and economic aspects; 3) to optimize a diet depending on the task at hand by selecting a group of finished products from a complete or selected list of archival data, equally taking into account all the necessary parameters; 4) to adjust the diet taking into account dietary deviations in certain parameters of the chemical composition and energy value by additional introduction of special purpose products with the increased biological value, multivitamin and multivitamin-mineral supplements, as well as natural bioactive substances.
Four-quark scatterings in QCD I
Authors: Fu Wei-jie , Huang Chuang , Pawlowski Jan M. , Tan Yang-yang
Published: April 2023

We investigate dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and the emergence of mesonic bound states from the infrared dynamics of four-quark scatterings. Both phenomena originate from the resonant scalar-pseudoscalar channel of the four-quark scatterings, and we compute the functional renormalisation group (fRG) flows of the Fierz-complete four-quark interaction of up and down quarks with its tt channel momentum dependence. This is done in the isospin symmetric case, also including the flow of the quark two-point function. This system can be understood as the fRG analogues of the complete Bethe-Salpeter equations and quark gap equation. The pole mass of the pion is determined from both direct calculations of the four-quark flows in the Minkowski regime of momenta and the analytic continuation based on results in the Euclidean regime, which are consistent with each other.
Dinâmicas “Faccionais” E Políticas Estatais Entre o Dentro e o Fora das Prisões do Ceará
Authors: Nascimento Francisco Elionardo de Melo , Siqueira Ítalo Barbosa Lima
Published: April 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as dinâmicas “faccionais” e políticas estatais entre o dentro e o fora das prisões do Ceará. As reflexões são baseadas em duas pesquisas etnográficas sobre os coletivos prisionais e as práticas criminais em confronto direto com forças estatais nas prisões e nos bairros. Dessa forma, apresentamos quatro cenas para dar conta dos acontecimentos ocorridos entre 2016 e 2019 que nos possibilitam situar as práticas criminais, ilegais, políticas penais e de segurança pública desde a expansão das “facções” no Ceará. Assim, argumentamos sobre o borramento das fronteiras entre prisões e periferias, bem como das práticas de governo pelas “facções” e pelo Estado que desencadearam latentes conflitos armados na guerra entre “facções” e “facções” e Estado.
Theoretical Aspectrs of Integrating Non-Finance Information in Corporate Accounting
Authors: Korchagina L. M.
Published: April 2023

Today it is very important to maintain confidence of concerned parties at all levels, as the lower confidence, the higher stimulus is to change the partner or producer. Since the late 20th century non-finance accounting became more and more significant due to internationalization, digitalization and growing role of intangible assets in company capitalization. Non-finance accounting includes ecologic, social and managerial information. Sustainable development and non-finance information have become the key problem among business leaders, investors and regulation bodies. Participants of capital market pay higher attention to the importance of non-finance information. Investors, regulation bodies and banks strive for higher standardization to provide accountability and to enter nonfinance factors in ratings and normative acts. Intensifying global attention to issues of climate change, diversity and inclusivity, as well as COVID-19 crisis accelerated this process. The article studies possible reasons, why companies provide voluntary non-finance information, in spite of potential costs and strategic after-effects. The problem is very important as serious efforts are taken to identify and generalize various theories, which specify corporate accountability making by companies. The author analyzed theories of revealing non-finance information in company reports.
Researching Impact of Country Technological Readiness for Digital Transformation and Advanced Technology Introduction for Value Creation
Authors: Helal M. Y. I. , Palei T. F.
Published: April 2023

Digital transformation keeps converting government, business and individual work to digital format. However, only a limited number of research deals with studying countries’ readiness for digital transformation and its impact on the fact how enterprises use advanced technologies in order to create value. Therefore, the goal of the research is to investigate the impact of Egypt and Russia readiness for digital transformation necessary for business to master new technologies for creating value during the decade from 2008 to 2017. The date analyzed by the authors is longitudinal, which forms the basis of the panel research. As a result it was found that steps taken by Egypt and the Russian Federation in the field of digital transformation (R & D expenses, the number of scientific and technicalspecialists in R & D sphere) influence on mastering digital technologies by business and creating of technological values. Thus the research extends the current knowledge concerning digital transformation and it is of practical importance for governments of Egypt and Russia in view of recommendations to raise their readiness for digital transformation and to continue research in the field.
Using Overseas Experience in Tax Motivation of Innovation Activity at Real Sector Enterprises in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Umarov B. S.
Published: April 2023

Innovation technologies penetrated all spheres of economy in many countries of the world and Uzbekistan is one of them. The reforms being carried out in social and economic life of the country require innovation ideas and technologies. The article analyzes positive overseas experience and practice of using tax systems, which can promote the development of innovation activity and shows the impact of taxation on innovation activity. The subject of the research is mechanism of tax motivation of innovation activity at enterprises of real sector of economy. The author proposes steps aimed at improving economic efficiency of tax motivation in the field of innovation activity of enterprises in the Republic of Uzbekistan, as taxation system plays the most important role in supporting innovation. Mechanisms of tax motivation include creation of such conditions that can promote demand for innovative products and investment into new technologies.
Knowledge and Clinical Practice of Restoration Repair among Dental Undergraduate Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sibai Norah , AlFadhel Rana , AlSaleh Lama , Durayhim Sarah Bin , AlMthen Haifa , AlSewailem Latifa
Published: April 2023

Background:

The expeditious advances in minimally invasive dental techniques have led to more conservative treatment options for the repair and refurbishment of defective restorations.

Objectives:

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and clinical practices of restoration repair in undergraduate courses in the central region of Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

Data was collected using a survey questionnaire that was distributed using Google forms through social media platforms among undergraduate dental students from different universities in the central region of Saudi.

Results:

A total number of 316 undergraduate students responded, with 77.8% reported having been taught about restoration repair in their undergraduate preclinical courses and 77.2% having practiced restoration repair in their clinical courses. The dominant collective response of the students was that they would opt for repair over replacement to preserve tooth structure and protect the pulp. The most chosen indications for such were the correction of form and partial fractures. Composite was the material of choice for repair, and the students considered the size of the defect to be the most decisive factor in their clinical decision of whether to repair or replace defective restorations.

Conclusion:

The results of this study indicated that restoration repair is taught in preclinical courses and is practiced in the clinic. Students at higher levels are more aware of the procedure and its indications. Based on available evidence, periodic evaluation of clinical teaching strategies, standardization of criteria, and terms are recommended to enhance teaching practice.
Cyclodextrin - Essential Oil Complexes Studied by Thermal
Gravimetry Analysis - Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Authors: Gupta Gaurav R. , Shaikh Vasim R. , Patil Kesharsingh J.
Published: April 2023

Background:

The structural features allow cyclodextrins to form solid inclusion
complexes (host–guest complexes) with wide variety of solid, liquid, and gaseous compounds
as a guest. It is the utmost an astounding property of the cyclodextrins, and is
commonly termed as molecular recognition. The process of formation of an inclusion
complex of the cyclodextrins has been associated with the substitution of the water inside
the hydrophobic cavity and the non–covalent bonding interactions of the guest in the hydrophobic
host cavity.

Objective:

To study the thermal gravimetry analysis behaviour for α–cyclodextrin–clove
oil, α–cyclodextrin–neem oil and β–cyclodextrin–clove oil adducts using TGA–DSC.

:

To compute specific heat capacity at constant pressure, as a function of temperature for the
studied systems.

Methods:

The thermal gravimetry analysis and differential scanning calorimetry techniques
are used.

Results:

It is observed that the calculated Cp values from DSC curves are of low magnitude
for α–CD–neem oil adduct as compared to that of individual constituents over the temperature
range studied. An interesting pattern for the Cp values is found to emerge in case of α–
CD–clove oil and β–CD–clove oil adducts wherein the calculated Cp values are higher in
magnitude than for pure clove oil but are lower than that of the pure cyclodextrins.

Conclusion:

Using thermal methods, the attempt to understand the possibilities of molecular
complex formation between cyclodextrins and medicinally important neem oil and
clove oil is described. The crystals of inclusion compounds for clove oil and neem oil with
α–CD and β–CD are synthesized. The results of TGA–DSC for the crystals are presented
and analysed.

Other:

The results of neem oil–adducts have been explained in terms of binding of part of
tri–glyceride linkages by 2–3 cyclodextrin molecules as neem oil is tri–glyceride and the
adduct is having lower stability.
Computational Preconditioned Gauss-Seidel via Half-Sweep Approximation to Caputo-s Time-Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: Sunarto Andang , Sulaiman Jumat , Lung Chew Jackel Vui
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we derived a finite difference approximation equation from the
discretization of the one-dimensional linear time-fractional diffusion equations with
Caputo's time-fractional derivative. A linear system is generated by implementing
Caputo's finite difference approximation equation on the specified solution domain. Then,
the linear system is solved using the proposed half-sweep preconditioned Gauss-Seidel
iterative method. The effectiveness of the method is studied, and the efficiency is
analyzed compared to the existing preconditioned Gauss-Seidel, also known as the full.sweep preconditioned Gauss-Seidel and the classic Gauss-Seidel iterative method. A few
examples of the mathematical problem are delivered to compare the performance of the
proposed and existing methods. The finding of this paper showed that the proposed
method is more efficient and effective than the full-sweep preconditioned Gauss-Seidel
and Gauss-Seidel methods.
Certain Saigo Fractional Derivatives of Extended Hypergeometric Functions
Authors: Jain S. , Goyal R. , Agarwal P. , Momani S.
Published: April 2023

This article aims to establish Saigo fractional derivatives of extended
hypergeometric functions. Some special cases of these integrals are also derived.
Implication of Biosensors For Cancer Diagnosis And Therapeutic
Authors: Gupta Shubha , Suman Navitra , Kumar Rai Neeraj
Published: April 2023

“Caution is the parent of Safety”. Early-stage diagnosis of Cancer can
provide better medicinal therapeutic responses. Currently, a majority of cancer is
diagnosed after having metastasized throughout the body. This led to the urgent
requirement for potent and precise cancer detection methods for clinical diagnosis.
Over the last several decades, the majority of researchers have concentrated their
efforts on developing a potential rapid detection technique based on Biosensor
technology for a variety of frightening human health-related disorders, such as
cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and others. Significant advances were made in
a wide range of fields attributed to the designed techniques having enhanced
sensitivity, specificity, and repeatability. The development of diagnostic treatments in
medicine was aided by noteworthy advancements in other scientific fields, including
genetics, chemistry, micro-electrical engineering, and computational biology. As a
result, efficient, accurate, rapid, and steady sensing platforms have been successfully
developed for specific and ultrasensitive biomarker-based disease diagnostics.
Biosensors are analytical devices designed to detect biological analytes by converting
biological entities’ responses (DNA, RNA, Protein) into potent electrical signals. The
biosensor device combines a biological component with a physiochemical detector for
sensing an analyte (biological samples). The discovery of the Biosensor boosted the
potential clinical diagnosis of cancer at a large scale. Biosensors can be designed to
detect emerging cancer biomarkers and determine drug efficacy at various target sites.
Biosensor technology has the potential to be used as a diagnostic tool for accurate and
impressive cancer cell imaging, tracking cancer cell angiogenesis and metastasis, and
evaluating the efficacy of treatment for the disease. This chapter will provide a quick
overview of the challenges facing the early diagnosis of cancer, get through the depth
of how biosensor technology may be used as a reliable diagnostic tool, and highlight
potential uses for biosensor technology in the future.
Numerical investigation on the deep drawing of sheet metals with an additively applied coating
Authors: MÄRZ R.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. A promising approach to meet ecological and economical challenges in production industry is the combination of additive manufacturing and forming, which enables the production of hybrid parts. The fusion of the two technologies has the potential to use the benefits of both process classes. One example for the combination of additive manufacturing and forming is a process chain consisting of laser-based directed energy deposition (DED-LB/M) to apply a wear resistant coating on a sheet metal and a subsequent deep drawing process to achieve the final geometry of the component. However, the presence of the local reinforcement influences the subsequent sheet metal forming process. In order to gain more knowledge about the process chain a numerical approach is performed. In this work, the influence of a coating using Bainidur® AM applied by DED-LB/M on the formability of the case hardening steel 16MnCr5 in a deep drawing process is evaluated. For this purpose, a numerical model is built and validated by comparison with experimental results. The finite-element-model serves as the basis for the investigation on the influence of the location of the additively applied coating on the deep drawing process and also enables a deeper understanding of the process.
Numerical and experimental investigation of a backward extrusion process for forming geared components from coil
Authors: Leicht M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Stricter political regulations, increasing ecological awareness of society as well as the pursuit for higher performance of components motivate lightweight construction. Functional integration is one way to realize lightweight design, resulting in increased demands on component geometry. Sheet-bulk metal forming (SBMF) offers the potential to enable an economic and ecological production of functional components through short process chains. SBMF from coil also provides additional advantages regarding high output quantity and short cycle times. However, the industrially application of SBMF from coil is limited due to high tool load and coil-specific challenges like an anisotropic material flow, which negatively affects the part accuracy. In this study, a backward extrusion process from coil for forming functional components with gearing is investigated. Therefore, a numerical process model was built and validated based on experimental results. In order to generate a profound process understanding, a combined numerical-experimental approach was chosen for a fundamental process analysis. The influence of the semi-finished product geometry was investigated by forming rotationally symmetric, pre-cut blanks and coil material. The application of the different sheet geometries was compared based on component- and process-side target quantities. The results indicate an anisotropic material flow as a coil-specific challenge, which leads to a direction-dependent component forming.
Modifying mechanical properties of sheet metal materials by work hardening mechanisms induced by selective embossing
Authors: HEINZELMANN P.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The selective modification of mechanical properties of sheet metal materials poses a promising approach for realizing lightweight designs, especially when achieved without additional material input. One method for locally adapting the mechanical properties of sheet metal components is to specifically induce work hardening into the sheet metal material by near-surface embossing. Previous studies have already shown this effect for the sheet metal materials DP500 and DP600. The present paper verifies these findings for embossed high-strength steel DP800 considering different blank thicknesses and embossing depths. During experimental investigations, tensile and bending specimens of different sheet thicknesses were manufactured with definite embossing patterns and subsequently tested with regard to their mechanical properties. To verify the true embossing depth, the specimens were measured optically. As a result of this contribution, it was found that the material properties of high-strength sheet metal materials can be modified for lightweight construction and crash properties by selective embossing. Parameter constellations for increasing the yield strength were found for the materials investigated.
Modification of the surface integrity of powder metallurgically produced S390 via deep rolling
Authors: HERRMANN P.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Fine blanking is an economical process for manufacturing sheet metal workpieces with high sheared surface quality. When machining high-strength steels, material fatigue leads to increased punch wear, which reduces the economic efficiency of the process. This fatigue of the cutting edge and lateral punch surface can be counteracted by mechanical surface treatments. Deep rolling has proved particularly useful for such surface modification, as it allows both: machining of the lateral punch surface and the application of the cutting edge rounding required for fine blanking. For the precise design of the fine blanking punch contour especially the macroscopic deformation of the workpiece is decisive. In this paper, the possibility of specifically modifying the surface integrity of hardened and powder metallurgically produced S390 by means of the incremental surface treatment process deep rolling is investigated. By varying the decisive process parameters rolling pressure, ball diameter and step over distance, their influence on surface integrity is determined. The surface integrity is afterwards characterized by macro hardness, surface topography and residual stress state and microstructural images.
Effect of shear angle in shearing on stretch flangeability of ultra-high strength steel sheets
Authors: YAGITA R.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The effect of the shear angle in shearing on the stretch flangeability of 980 MPa ultra-high strength steel sheets was examined. The sheared edges of the ultra-high strength steel sheets sheared at different shear angles were investigated, and then the cracking on the sheared edge after stretch flanging was observed. The length of the fracture surface in the sheared edge was decreased by shearing with the punch with a shear angle, whereas many cracks and burrs at the edge of the fracture surface were caused, and the boundary between the burnished and fracture surfaces became rougher. In stretch flanging, the cracks in the fracture bottom side rapidly increased with the bending length. The stretch flangeability increased at a shear angle, where the number of cracks per unit length was the highest, i.e. this indicates that the large number of cracks in the sheared edge were effective in suppressing penetration cracking to fracture in the stretch flanging.
Modelling of the weld seam in the forming simulation of friction stir welded tailored blanks
Authors: BACHMANN M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. In former papers methods to join different aluminium or different steel plates having same thicknesses are presented. These blanks are often joined by friction stir welding using flat tools. In order to increase the lightweight potential, the Materials Testing Institute of the University of Stuttgart developed a modified friction stir welding process to join aluminium and steel plates of different thicknesses. The process differs from the conventional method in stir welding tool used, which consists of a stepped welding pin and enables combined lap-and-butt joints to be produced. In this paper, a suitable material model is presented to describe this weld seam, allowing the forming behavior of hybrid sheet metal compounds to be realistically simulated.
Influence of process parameters on mechanical properties of lamination stacks produced by interlocking
Authors: MARTIN D.M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Interlocking is mainly used in the manufacture of lamination stacks for the cores for electrical energy converters. The process involves the embossing of nubs, which are subsequently stacked and joined by an interference fit. For an optimal design of interlocked joints, sufficient knowledge of the relationships between various influencing parameters in the manufacture and the resulting stack properties is essential. In addition to the design parameters nub geometry, size and embossing depth, the process parameters embossing clearance, counterpunch and blankholder force influence the joint strength. In addition to these fixed parameters, continuously varying uncertainty such as wear, which can lead to a rounding of the tool edges, affects relevant stack properties like the joint strength. The mechanical loads in the area of the tool edge which are responsible for this rounding mainly act immediately before material separation and have to be considered in the embossing process. However, the influence of punch edge radii on the joint properties during the interlocking process has not yet been investigated. In order to describe the interdependencies between different influencing parameters on the achievable mechanical strength, experimental investigations are carried out. Therefore, cylindrical nubs are interlocked with varying embossing depth, clearance and edge radii. The joint strength is determined via tensile tests. Key findings are that the joint strength of nubs with increasing abrasive wear on the cutting edge of the embossing tool are compensated by a higher embossing depth. The minimum embossing depth required for stacking and the embossing depth at which the optimum strength is achieved depend on the embossing edge radius and thus on the current abrasive wear state.
A hybrid VFM-FEMU approach to calibrate 3D anisotropic plasticity models for sheet metal forming
Authors: ROSSO M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Recently, inverse methods such as the Virtual Fields Method (VFM) or the Finite Element Model Updating (FEMU), coupled with a full-field measurement technique, have been distinguished as efficient strategies for the calibration of complex plasticity models [1]. The use of heterogeneous strain fields, in fact, offers a larger amount of material information compared to the classical standard test, enriching the identification process and, in general, reducing the experimental effort for the calibration [2]. Here, an inverse identification framework is proposed for the calibration of a full-scale anisotropic plasticity model. The inverse identification procedure employs full-field information from two main experiments: a tensile test on double notched specimens for the calibration of the coefficients expressing the planar anisotropy, and an innovative Iosipescu-like test for the through-thickness shear ones. A hybrid approach is used with the VFM employed to identify the planar coefficients and the FEMU for the through thickness ones.
Hardware implementation of Monte Carlo and RSM method for the optimization of cutting force during turning of NiTi shape memory alloy
Authors: KOWALCZYK M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. This study was conducted to understand the exact turning of the NiTi shape memory alloy and consisted of four stages: experimental work, function modelling using RSM method, Monte Carlo method optimization and hardware implementation of Monte Carlo method . This article has the following main objectives: to develop a framework for solving machining optimization problems using the Monte Carlo method and hardware implementation of MC method. The solutions presented in this paper are important from the point of view of practical solutions related to the prediction and optimization of the cutting forces components Fc, Fp and Ff during turning of NiTi shape memory alloy.
Investigation of surface finish and chip morphology in cryogenic machining biomedical grade polyetheretherketone
Authors: SAJJA N.T.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is attracting the attention of the biomedical field, thanks to its high biocompatibility and wear resistance. Nevertheless, the attainment of good quality surfaces when machining PEEK is still challenging. In this framework, the aim of the paper is to investigate the viability of using cryogenic machining to enhance the surface finish of PEEK compared to the outcomes of dry cutting. To do that, turning trails were executed at varying cooling strategy and depth of cut, and the resultant surface finish and chip morphology were evaluated. The obtained results indicated that cryogenic machining carried out at the highest depth of cut greatly enhanced the PEEK machinability.
Influence of mesh in modelling of flow forming process
Authors: Krishnamurthy B.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Flow forming is an incremental bulk forming process used to produce tubular components from high-strength alloys. One of the features complicating its modelling is the small contact area of the workpiece with the tools. Taken along with cyclic non-monotonic loading from three rollers deforming the workpiece with complicated kinematics, this demands a very fine mesh and time step throughout the simulation. The typical approach of using a tetrahedral mesh with strain-based remeshing can introduce errors in the results due to the highly localized deformation and can also prolong the computation time. In the present study, in parallel to using tetrahedral mesh with remeshing, two different approaches of hexahedral mesh without any remeshing were also modelled for the workpiece, retaining all the other setup parameters, and the results compared. In both cases, local mesh adaptations were used to ensure a very fine mesh in the zone of contact with the rollers. Results from the simulations clearly showed that the key outputs such as stress state parameters (triaxiality and Lode stress parameters) and plastic strain values were very sensitive to the mesh and remeshing method used and careful consideration is required before employing the outputs for further analysis.