bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Correlation Research of Shanxi Typical Region Roadbed Loess CBR and Rebound Modulus
Authors: Yuan Kang Feng , Zhu Xiao Bin , Zhao Jian Bin
Published: November 2013

At present, there are depth research for the CBR and rebound modulus of roadbed loess in the country, but there is not a systematic research for the relationship between the CBR and rebound modulus;There are the site CBR and rebound tests for the Shanxi typical raodbed loess to study the law of CBR and rebound modulus. The results showed that:The Jinnan roadbed loess is bigger than Jinxibei roadbed loess for the increase slope of CBR and rebound modulus with the compaction degree; The rebound modulus increases with the mounting of CBR for Jinnan roadbed loess and Jinxibei roadbed loess. The relation are line function and the correlation are all better.
Study on the Cement-Improved Loess under the Vibratory Load by Dynamic Tests
Authors: Wang Jia Ding , Peng Shu Jun , Xie Wan Li
Published: November 2013

In this paper based on the foundation construction of Datong Xian high-speed railway, a large number of test samples have been taken. The order and contribution rate of every experiment factor like cement commingle ratio, depths, water dipping conditions, compacting factor and vibration frequency on the dynamic characteristics of cement-improved loess such as dynamic elastic modulus, dynamic deformation, damping ratio by dynamic triaxial test, which orthogonal test method has been applied to. The dynamic load was calculated according to the train vibration attenuation rule of different depth. The dynamic characteristics of cement-improved loess such as dynamic deformation, dynamic elastic modulus, damping ratio were got form the dynamic tests of long time and large number of cycles. The results showed that with the increase of cement ratio, the dynamic characteristics of cement-improved loess are more better, there is no optimal ratio of cement.
Clastic Rock Reservoir Physical Characteristics of Southern Songliao Basin Changling Fault Depression Layer
Authors: Zhang Yun Feng , Chu Tian Tian , Yuan Hong Qi
Published: November 2013

We study the Changling fault depression layer reservoir space type and characteristic of clastic rock reservoirs in the study area, by core observation, thin section analysis, cathodoluminescence analysis, scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion method, and discusses the development of secondary porosity and fracture characteristics and formation mechanism.
Clastic Petrology Features in Shiwu Fault Depression in South of Songliao Basin
Authors: Hou Jing Ru , Zhang Yun Feng , Wang Qing
Published: November 2013

Core observation and indoor thin section analysis as well as other technical means systematically studies the clastic reservoir rock characteristics of Shiwu Fault Depression.The study found that Shiwu Fault Depression deep buried clastic are composed mainly by fine sandstone and medium sandstone,and grain size are mainly controlled by sedimentary facies.Interstitial material is mainly carbonate and shale,secondly kaolinite.These characteristics provide a petrology foundation for accurately predicting the reservoir’s development of favorable zones in this region, and for further developing the deep buried clastic accumulation regularity.
Application of WSS in Mined Tunnel Crossing under the Existing Shield Tunnel
Authors: Wang Dao Yuan , Yuan Jin Xiu , Zheng Yang , Zhu Yong Quan
Published: November 2013

Beijing subway line 6 crossing under the existing line 4 is the first domestic method of using the mined tunnels crossing under the existing interval shield tunnel, during the crossing process, the key of engineering control is the displacement of existing line and construction line. Dynamic numerical simulation for the crossing process has been made by FLAC3D, and the displacement and its change law of the existing line and construction line with the different WSS reinforcement measures are obtained.The conclusion show that the WSS reinforcement measures of upper semi-section achieves the balance of safety and economy,but the uplift of WSS to the existing line should be noted in the actual construction.
Numerical Analysis of Deeply Buried Small Net Distance Tunnels on Rock Stability under Different Construction and Methods
Authors: Tian Yong Ding , Cai Cong , Peng Jia , Wu Jin Hua , Zhang Jia Qi
Published: November 2013

Based on the background of a highway, for tunnels with small spacing of complex stress condition, adopt various construction schemes for numerical simulation using Midas Gts finite element software under the condition of deep-buried small net distance tunnel. Use full-face excavation method, benching tunneling construction method and both side heading method to compare surrounding rock stress, surrounding rock deformation, internal force of bolt and shotcrete support system structure, lateral-wall displacement and stability of surrounding rock. Analyse displacement and stress change laws before and after the excavation of tunnel surrounding rock and supporting structure under different schemes.
Research on Applied of CBF Composite Material in Engineering
Authors: Jin Sheng Ji , Liu Zi Xin , Li Zhong Liang , Wang Yan Ling
Published: November 2013

Based on the consequences of abundant relevant literatures, this essay expounded the latest mechanical properties research results of the concrete reinforced with CBF and its application on building structure reinforcement studied by the domestic and foreign scholars. Research suggests that the new composite material of concrete reinforced with CBF has many excellent engineering application characteristics such as good crack resistance, durability, permeability resistance, high temperature resistance and fire retardancy. CBF is a kind of good reinforcement materials with so many advantages including simple construction, favorable reinforcement effect and low cost. We can infer that CBF can be widely used in underground engineering port, deep-water wharf, cross-sea bridges and tunnels, cold region and other fields based on the good mechanical properties and durability of the concrete reinforced with CBF in the future.
Shield Tunnel Structure Modal Analysis with Floating Slab Track on Elastic Foundation
Authors: Kang Li , Lei Zhen Yu
Published: November 2013

A finite element model (FEM) was proposed to analyze the model of floating slab track (FST) system based on elastic foundation in shield tunnel, and the equivalent model of continuous girder and theory of beam on elastic foundation were considered. Floating concrete slab eigenfrequencies can be calculated under the various combinations of subgrade reaction coefficient, steel spring support stiffness, fastener stiffness and thickness of the floating slab. The results show that geological conditions had certain effects on the eigenfrequencies of FST.
Strength and Porosity of Cement Mortar Blended with Metakaolin
Authors: Usman Jamilu , Mohd Sam Abdul Rahman , Radin Sumadi Salihuddin
Published: November 2013

An experimental investigation was carried out to assess the effect of metakaolin (MK) on the compressive strength, flexural strength and porosity of cement mortar. The cement was partially substituted with MK at 0-30% replacement levels. The results show that the strengths and porosity of mortar containing up to 20% were superior to that of control (0% MK). The Balshin equation fits the experimental results of compressive strength and porosity of the specimens containing MK and there is a strong quantitative relationship between compressive strength and porosity of the specimens.
Study on the Subsurface Excavation of Urban Shallow Tunnel
Authors: Zhang Zhen Huang , Xue Xian Bin , Wang Hai Liang , Liu Xiang Ke
Published: November 2013

In this paper, the background is Qingdao Metro Line 3. Combined with the existing theoretical and on-site construction experience, the defined method of shallow tunnel and the difficulty of construction in the subsurface excavation of urban shallow tunnel are discussed and analyzed. In the subsurface excavation of urban shallow tunnel, it is important to choose appropriate excavation method and right way of tunnel support.
The Prediction and Control Research on the Attenuation Law of Blasting Vibration Peak Velocity in Daiyuling Tunnel
Authors: Fei Hong Lu , Zhang Xing Zhu , Yang Zhi Guang
Published: November 2013

In combination with field blasting vibration tests in Daiyuling 2# Tunnel, abundant field monitoring datum have been obtained, in order to predict the strength of blasting vibration and research the control problem about stability of surrounding rock. Through the evaluation on blasting affects of the first excavated tunnel when the last excavated tunnel in the initial stage is into tunnel hole, establish the relationship of blasting vibration disturbing degree both neighborhood tunnels to improve the accuracy. Acoustic testing technology has been adapted to test rock acoustic velocity with blasting from beginning to end. The experimental results show that: (1) rock has a larger effect on attenuation effect in the spread of seismic wave, and blasting is really damage the surrounding rock; (2) regression analysis with the formula reflecting correctly the real situation on the blasting stress wave attenuation; (3) compared with blasting vibration attenuation coefficient both the left tunnel and right tunnel, the blasting vibration damage in soft rock is more than in hard rock; (4) the most dangerous location caused by tunnel blasting excavation is the adjacent tunnel blasting face, and its velocity is 5.8845 cm/s, it is practical and feasible that the clear distance of neighborhood tunnels should keep in 21m.
A Surface Composite Coating Elevator Safety Gear Wedge
Authors: Yu Bo Lin
Published: November 2013

In this paper, an elevator safety gear wedge with surface metal-ceramic composite coatings is proposed. After composite coating, the friction performance of the elevator safety gear wedge is very stable at high temperature, because of high hardness and high temperature oxidation resistance of coating material. And the friction coefficient becomes small by coating ceramic. In this research, six samples with different coating are prepared. These samples are installed in elevator safety system, and related speed parameters and stopping distance of elevator are tested. A conclusion can be drawn that sample 4 with 45# steel substrate and NiCrBSi-60 coating has a suitable friction coefficient, and the deceleration of elevator is controlled in the range of 0.2 to 1.0g when sample is installed in safety gear system.
Comparison of Stiffness Degradation of Special-Shaped Column and Rectangular Column Structure in Earthquake
Authors: Li Yi Ying , Pan Wen , Zou Xiao Feng
Published: November 2013

In this paper, using the finite element software PERFORM3D to establish the finite element analysis model for isolation and seismic frame structure with special-shaped column and rectangular column frame structure, and the overall structure of the moderate and strong elastic and nonlinear earthquake time-history analysis to get the dynamic characteristics, from two aspects of the damping coefficient in horizontal direction and the energy dissipation, investigation structure in earthquake and rare earthquake of superstructure stiffness attenuation. It can be drawn only seismic resistance measures are taken, the special-shaped column structure under rare earthquake stiffness attenuation speed is greater than the rectangular column, if after using base isolation technology, although the special-shaped column stiffness attenuation rate is still greater than the rectangular column, but the two energy dissipation ability.
Multi-Attributes and Neural Network-Based Fault Detection in 3D Seismic Interpretation
Authors: Zheng Zhi Hong , Kavousi Payam , Di Hai Bin
Published: November 2013

Seismic attributes have been widely used in seismic object detection. While no unique attribute is expected to perfectly identify the targeted object, various attributes contributing to the same purpose should be utilized simultaneously when performing detection. Artificial neural network has been successfully applied in seismic object detection by combining multiple attributes into a single object-sensitive attribute. An optimized neural network fault detection approach was introduced by a case study from Stratton field, south Texas, United States. Results indicate that the new produced fault probability attribute could suppress the surrounding noises and highlight the faults. Application of ant-tracking to the fault-cube shows more convincible results than to individual attributes. In addition, several potential cross-strike fractures increase the structural complexity. The neural network-based fault detection contributes to better structural interpretation and is of great significance to hydrocarbon exploration, especially in area with complex fault system.
Research on Evaluating Effect of Lifeline System for City’s Ability in Reducing Earthquake Disasters
Authors: Liu Li , Gong Mao Sheng , Xie Li Li
Published: November 2013

Lifeline systems are fundamental engineering facilities for maintaining daily functional operation in cities and developing after-calamity emergency rescue, including power supply system, water supply system, transportation system, communication system, and air supply system. In addition, their damages will influence cities normal operation and residents daily life seriously, which will delay the development of earthquake regions emergency rescue and restoration and reconstruction work. And at the same time, they are significant reasons generating some secondary disasters and important influencing factors causing tremendous indirect economic losses to cities. Therefore, correctly evaluating influences of lifeline system on urban earthquake disaster reduction is an important step for marking the cities ability in reducing earthquake disasters.
Research on the Interaction between the Movement of Furniture and its Surrounding Walls on the Occasion of an Earthquake
Authors: Zou Chuan Long , Bao En He
Published: November 2013

Through the vibration table testing, with the pine furniture model, the distance between the model and wall, as well as the experimental load and acceleration as the main research parameter. Research on the following aspects: (1) the effect of interaction on distance between the furniture and the wall of the influence of the interaction, (2) the interaction between furniture sliding, mobile and the wall, and the relationship between the test load frequency, acceleration, etc, (3) influence of furniture size on furniture sliding, mobile, etc. The results revealed that sliding volume increases as the frequency decreases significantly after the model collides with the wall; when the frequency increases, the movement of the monomer decreases. When the furniture is apart from the walls in a certain distance, the collision between them is prevented, and the movement of the models which collides the object is as twice as the movement the single one.
Analysis on Dynamic Failure of Steel Spherical Latticed Shell with Vibration Isolation Bearings under Strong Earthquake
Authors: Zhao Zi Hao , Li Hai Wang
Published: November 2013

this paper uses SAP2000 structure analysis software, designed a span of 60 m, rise-span ratio 0.25 of the double-layer spherical reticulated shell, the presence of isolation bearing of two kinds of structure forms are studied, firstly analyzes the dynamic characteristics of the two, and then used in the program focus on plastic hinge theory considering the material nonlinear and geometry nonlinear effect. EL selected seismic waves along the structure of the three-input, two structures were carried out on the elastic-plastic time history analysis.The results show that the original structure and isolated structure failure mechanism are basically the same, belong to dynamic instability failure. Structure by reducing the overall level of structure stiffness to make structural natural vibration period increases, large extent reduce the seismic response of the upper structure; And isolation structure improves the structure damage boundary peak acceleration, delay the time the collapse of the structure.
Earthquake Damage of Curved Highway Bridges in 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake
Authors: Liu Ke , Wang Li Hui
Published: November 2013

The curved bridges suffered severe damages or even collapsed during 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake. A field survey of seismic performance of RC curved bridges was examined. Damage patterns and the probable causes of RC curved bridges including Baihua bridge and ramp bridge of Huilan interchange are presented and analyzed in this paper. The main failure was pure shear failure or shear-flexural failure of the pier columns. Bearings and expansion joints damage were another common failure pattern. Lesson learned from the damage of RC curved bridges in this earthquake, the recommendations on the seismic design of RC curved bridges are presented involving ductility of bridge columns, design of curved bridges, design of bearings and devices preventing girders falling down. Suggestions for the future seismic design and retrofitting of RC curved bridges are also presented in moderate to severe earthquake area.
Seismic Response of Gravity Dam under Oblique Incidence of Seismic Waves
Authors: Chen Li , Zhang Liao Jun
Published: November 2013

The selection of proper seismic input is essential for seismic response analysis of the gravity dam structures. For the near-field earthquakes, the direction of seismic waves is not always considered as vertical. The non-uniform motion produced by oblique incidence can cause significant influence to the structure. In this study, the obliquely incident method is applied in the finite element model of a typical section of a gravity dam located in southwestern China. The seismic response under obliquely incident of plane P wave and plane SV with different incident angles and tilt directions are discussed. The results show that the oblique incidence has an obvious effect on the seismic response of the gravity dam, and the inconsistence produced by oblique incidence cannot be neglected.
The Loess Modified Methods for Defending Seismic Loading and its Microstructure Analysis
Authors: Deng Jin , Wang Lan Min , Sun Jin Jie
Published: November 2013

Loess with large thickness is widely distributed mainly in Gansu provinces of China. The kind of loess has special microstructure to induce lower dynamic strength and larger seismic deformation. It brings to difficult loess processing challenges for engineering building foundations or high way and railway constructions. The large deformation dangers could induce to serious seismic subsidence, watering deformation or loess landslip. There have been series problems of how to change its natural microstructure for engineering demanded which is major concerned in this paper. We put forward Phosphoric modified methods to treat loess problems. By changing different proportions of adding filling materials, such as Calcium carbonate, barite, talcum powder, and others auxiliaries including phosphoric acid and barium metaborate, found it get to be better effect. It’s dynamic deformation coefficients dropped lower than 2‰. After loading test, the methods prove to be greatly enhanced loading strength and changed its unreasonable microstructure. Because of no toxicity materials be adopted and produced during course, the method can be popularized and applied.
Analysis of the Damage Quantity of Buckling Restrained Braces under Earthquake Action
Authors: Pan Pei Jiang
Published: November 2013

The energy dissipation design method has received more attention by engineering circle. Nowadays, the buckling restrained braces (BRBs) are used in higher structures being dissipation energy components. So, it is very necessary to determine the damage quantity of BRBs under earthquake. Firstly, the meaning of the damage quantity of BRBs is clarified based on the energy theory. Secondly, a single degree of freedom analyses model which is suitable to the frame structure is proposed. The nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis of BRBs system is carried out by using FEMS software of ANSYS 11.0 and seismic response of BRBs is obtained. Finally, a practical calculation model of the Damage quantity of BRBs is established. Using MATLAB software, the Damage quantity of BRBs is obtained.
Study on the Material Life of OMEGA Water-Stop
Authors: Luo Yong Huan , Feng Zheng Lin , Wang San Meng
Published: November 2013

In this paper, through the study on physicochemical properties of chloroprene rubber which used in immersed tube tunnel, and comprehensive analysis of the stress relaxation process of aging, together with the analysis of IR spectra of chloroprene rubber, and the accelerated aging test data, we forecast the lifetime by using WLF equation method at the room temperature, and judge that chloroprene rubber can meet with the requirements of the design life of 120 years.
3D Numerical Simulation of the Process of Draining into a Lock
Authors: Deng Ming Hua , Gao Zhu , Mao Da Wei
Published: November 2013

In some textbooks, the Steady-flow Integral Method (SIM) was used to compute the full time of Draining into a Ship Lock, although this method is simple, it only provides a coarse estimation and somehow misleads the students due to approximating the unsteady problem as a steady one and ignoring the inertia effect. The more complex CFD-based model, FLUENT, was used to compensate these shortcomings, the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method was utilized to calculate the free-surface, and the turbulence closure was obtained by the realizable k-ε turbulence model. The values of draining time derived from the two different methods have the same order of magnitude. By CFD, a more precise estimation of the draining time and abundant details about the draining process were obtained. In practical engineering, the geometry of a lock is far more complex than here, the SIM is hard to satisfy the demands for a optimal design, while the CFD method is a nice choice for this purpose.
The Planning and Economic Benefit Analysis on the Micro Spray Irrigation Construction of the Greenhouses
Authors: Wang Xue , Li Kai , Qin Xiao Lei
Published: November 2013

The typical area in Ningbo of China was chosen to conduct the micro spray irrigation construction, and the related economic benefit was analyzed. Results showed that: 776 000 yuan would be cost to construct the micro spray irrigation project in tobacco fields with the area of 350 mu; after the micro spray irrigation program put into use, the income of the area would increase 218 500 yuan per year; the calculated EIRR was 19.5%, the calculated ENPV was 997 100 yuan, and the calculated EBCR was 1.86, from the economical angle, the project was reasonable and practicable. The results could provide the theoretical and practical basis for the widespread of micro spray irrigation project of tobacco fields.
Study on the Hydrodynamic Model for Jinshan Lake Based on the Dam Operation
Authors: Xie Qing Jie , Su Hang , He Feng , Chen Zhi Gang , Li Shu Wei
Published: November 2013

With the application of RMA2 two-dimensional (2-D) hydrodynamic model of Surface-water Modeling System (SMS), hydrodynamic characteristics of Jinshan Lake in the process of water injection and water exchange were simulated. The model generalized the river channel, divided mesh, chose the parameters, and controlled the boundary conditions with both the flowrate and the water surface elevation. The hydrodynamic simulation results show that: The simulated and measured value of the water level and flow velocity in the calibration section are in good agreement. On the whole, the simulation can truly reflect the hydrodynamic characteristics of Jinshan Lake and then can provide the hydrodynamic foundations for the study on the dam operation with the core of protecting water quality.
Analysis the Influence of Layered Sediment on Seismic Responses of Concrete Dam
Authors: Xiong Chang Xin , Yan Yi Zhi
Published: November 2013

Studied a certain thickness layered sediment of different distribution form for the seismic response of a concrete dam, Based on pressure wave equation of saturated porous fluid-solid medium, the layers of sediment thickness is different, divided the layered sediment into three different distribution forms, the physical parameters of each layered sediment divided into the same and the different two situations, prediction the seismic response magnitude of concrete dam. Application of the method of a typical example shows the influence on the same physical properties different forms of response to the seismic response was not significant, the distribution of different forms of seismic response shows a significant effected.
solid medium, the layers of sediment thickness is different, divided the layered sediment into three different distribution forms, the physical parameters of each layered sediment divided into the same and the different two situations, prediction the seismic response magnitude of concrete dam. Application of the method of a typical example shows the influence on the same physical properties different forms of response to the seismic response was not significant, the distribution of different forms of seismic response shows a significant effected.
Experimental Study on Hydraulic Roughness of Submerged Grass in Ecological Riverbank
Authors: Ma Dian Guang , Zhong Chun Xin , Ning Wu , Ye Qing , Zhu Sheng
Published: November 2013

A model experiment about the hydraulic roughness of natural turf used in riverbank was carried out in flume. To examine the rationality of experimental design, the hydraulic roughness coefficient of plexiglass-flume was tested firstly. The result was 0.0085, which is quite normal. Then the tested hydraulic roughness caused by vegetation ranges from 0.020 to 0.090 for the chosen plants, which is also acceptable. Furthermore, the tested incipient velocities of krasnozem, and paddysoil had the range of 0.55~0.65m·s-1 and 1.0~1.1m·s-1, respectively. All these experimental results are in normal range, which means that the design of this experimental is rational. Experimental research illustrate that, the roughness coefficient of plant reduces with the increasing of flow velocity. When the mean flow velocity is over 3m·s-1, Mannings n values vary between 0.025 and 0.035. This phenomenon is accord with the theoretic analysis. During the scouring process, not only the flow velocity, but also the flow duration has an obvious effect on the coarseness of vegetative bed.
Experimental Study on Cementitious Reactivity of MSTP Sludge Incineration Ash
Authors: Ouyang Dong , Lu Liu Lei , Wen Xi Lian
Published: November 2013

One of the main objectives of this study was to activate the pozzolanic activity of sludge, produced by municipal sewage treatment plants (MSTP), which makes it become an admixture to replace a part of cement in cement-based materials. Nowadays, a significant quantity of MSTP sludge is obtained in China, and the disposal of sludge presents a rising challenge for the environment, which is the reason why this paper examines the possibility of adding this waste product to cement-based materials. MSTP sludge was activated by thermal (Incineration) and mechanical (Grinding) treatment. Meanwhile, the changes in the crystalline structure of MSTP sludge incineration ash (MSA) were evaluated using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and mortar strength tests were carried out on the mortars containing MSA to investigate the reactivity of the produced materials. The obtained results revealed that the optimal activation conditions of MSA were as follows: incinerated at 800°C for 2.5 hours followed by fast cooling in air and then ground until 60 minutes. Moreover, we have observed that MSA has an appreciable effect on the increase in compressive strength of the mortars and using of 20% MSA as a replacement of part of cement could be considered the optimum content. More importantly, the tests showed that extract toxicity of heavy metals in MSA were much lower than the national standard though some heavy metals existed in MSA. These results demonstrate the feasibility of recycling MSTP sludge has become an admixture in cement-based materials for construction engineering.
Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis on the Concrete Face Cock-Fill Dam of TianChi Upper Reservoir
Authors: Chang Shuang Mei , He Wen She , Cheng Yu Qiang , Zhao Su Min
Published: November 2013

Taking the concrete face cock-fill dam upper reservoir of Tianchi as an example, the stress and deformation characteristics of concrete face rock-fill dam are studied in-depth in this paper. The article builds a fine three-dimensional finite element model of Tianchi upper reservoir by a nonlinear elastic model of the finite element software ADINA. The stress and deformation of the two conditions under completion and storage for the dam are calculated ,which will be analyzed to obtain stress - strain distribution of the dam in two conditions, comparing dam stress and deformation before and after impoundment to get impact of the water pressure on the dam stress and deformation: comparing after impoundment and completion , the dam water level displacement of upstream side from role of horizontal water pressure will increase , the dam upstream offsets to downstream , but the offset is little ; Due to dam is affected by vertical hydrostatic pressure and uplift pressure after impoundment , the dam settlement is slightly less than the completion in storage. KEY WORDS: Tianchi upper reservoir, The concrete face cock-fill dam, Three-dimensional finite element, Nonlinear elastic model, Analysis of stress and deformation
Assessment on the Vulnerability of Fangshan Karst Groundwater in Beijing Based on European Model
Authors: Yang Nan , Yuan Qing Liang , Sun Liang , Zhou Jun , Li Shi Jun
Published: November 2013

The North China Approach to assess karst groundwater vulnerability was proposed based on European Model, modifying C and P factors to adapt the specificity of karst regions specificity in North China. It was firstly applied to the Fangshan karst regions in Beijing and the vulnerability maps indicate high vulnerability nearby karst caves and the areas lacking overlying soil.
Study on Properties of High Performance Marine Concrete under Seawater Attack
Authors: Xiao Fei , Cui Hong Tao , Wang Yong Wei , Lu Tong Wei
Published: November 2013

Through artificial seawater simulation test this paper analyzed erosion mechanism of concrete corroded by the ions in seawater. High performance marine concrete was successful developed because of mineral admixture and corrosion-resistance additive double adding. The paper researched the durability of concrete containing freeze-thaw cycles and chloride ions diffusion. Modern testing technologies were used such as scanning electron microscopy and differential thermal analysis in the experiment. Research founded that the amount of unstable or metastable matter reduced such as calcium hydroxide and high alkaline calcium aluminates in the marine concrete. There were more compact hydration products created which made the structure stabler and denser. Those were the reasons that the marine concrete had excellent performances in terms of erosion-resistance and durability.
Research on Properties of Coastal Natural Spherical Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Jiao Shuang Jian , Wang Shuai , Guo Yong
Published: November 2013

Our country has a long coastline and there are a lot of natural pebbles in coastal region. Applying natural pebbles in concrete is of great engineering significance and prospect. To measure the performance of coastal natural pebbles concrete and study the effect of aggregate on concrete properties, this article put forward a new comparison conditionthe same slump constant and cement dosage based on properties of coastal natural pebbles concrete and crushed stone concrete. Prepare different strength concrete under this condition. The compressive strength of pebble concrete is 100.5%110.7% times of stone concrete. The bending strength and fatigue strength are 97.8%108.1%, 135.8%176.6% respectively. This explains good static and fatigue properties of coastal natural pebbles. Pebble concrete has significant fatigue strength advantages in cement concrete pavement and concrete member under dynamic loading.
Pass System Ore Storage Capacity Analysis Based on Logistics Theory
Authors: Chen Xiao Yan , Zhou Ke Ping
Published: November 2013

Based on logistics theory and borrowed ideas from logistics model inventory management, an ore logistics model of underground mine was built, and an analytical method which could be used to determine pass system storage capacity was proposed. Simulating real ore transfer process in underground mine mining system, ore input and ore output function of pass system were built, and real-time ore quantity in pass system was graphed. Through comprehensively analyzing the figure of real-time ore quantity in pass system and practical mining production, rational pass system storage capacity was calculated. Combined the practical ore transfer process of panel under level 1470 in Yunnan Tin Company Laochang tin mine number 13-8 ore cluster, storage capacity of pass system in panel is calculated which provided reasonable basis for pass system design in underground mine, and improved the reliability of mine engineering design.
The Research of Water Influx Law for Edge-Bottom Water Heavy Oil Reservoir
Authors: Zhou Hong Yi
Published: November 2013

The Liaohe Jin 91block has entered the late period of steam huff and puff, the entire block is seriously water invaded. At this stage the water invasion regularity for edge-bottom water of heavy oil reservoir is not clear. In Jin 91 block two well group, for example, we model the fine geological with petrel soflware, application the CMG software throughput of history matching, and combined with homogeneous core model water influx the indoor physical model experiment,to research the water influx regulation of the edge-bottom water heavy oil reservoir. The results show that: the water invasion form is given priority to with bottom water coning, the Edge water tonguing is secondary, and in accordance with the experimental data at the same time, fitting out the exponential function relationship of water influx with the differential pressure and temperature. Which Provides a theoretical basis for promoting the development of edge-bottom water steam flooding of heavy oil reservoir.
Evaporation Tower Heat and Mass Transfer Research in Saline Water Evaporation System
Authors: Zhao Yu Qing , Li Zhi Yong
Published: November 2013

In order to recycle the salt in industrial waste water, non-filler evaporation tower is used to evaporate and concentrate saline water. Based on the heat and mass transfer theory, developed a mathematical model of evaporation tower. Experiment results showed that difference of the export air dry bulb temperature values between models calculated and tested is within 5%. It is proves the correctness of the mathematical model.
Matching Study of Room Air Conditioner and Conditioned Space
Authors: Wang Qian , Meng Qing Lin
Published: November 2013

Room air conditioners are commonly used for environmental control in daily life, however, the use of room air conditioners often leads to an uncontrolled indoor humidity level. This paper compared the characteristics of space cooling loads of a residential building in Beijing and Guangzhou, presented the results of hourly application sensible heat ratio (SHR) in the summer design day, discussed the problem of indoor humidity deviation due to the mismatching between application SHR and equipment SHR. It is suggested that room air conditioner should be designed differently according to its application condition.
Research on the Experimental Platform of Ground Source Heat Pump
Authors: Xu Zhao Kang , Cheng Dao Lai , Wang Bo
Published: November 2013

The ground source heat pump technology has been maturing. However, related project designs are mostly following intuitive experience data, and are lack of the relationship between qualification in theory and quantitation in practice. To address this issue, this platform is devised for experimental research. Using this experimental platform, one can adjust for multiple conditions in one season, continuously record energy consumption data, and determine which mode has the best effect and lower energy consumption. Based on the experimental data, the analysis and research result can be referred by practical devising of the projects, and establish the relationship between qualification in theory and quantitation in practice, making the ground source heat pump be more energy-saving, economical and environmental friendly.
Study on Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment of Ground Resource Heat Pump Project
Authors: Wang Jian Jun , Liu Yan Feng , Liu Qian
Published: November 2013

With the popularization and application of Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) technology and the expanding scale of shallow geothermal exploitation, the environmental impact in the process of development and utilization is receiving more and more attention. According to the characteristics of ground source heat pump engineering, eBalance software is used to conduct research on life cycle environmental impact assessment. The result shows that more than 60% of resources consumption potential, acidification potential, and global warming potential derived from the process underground construction, and the eutrophication potential mainly derived from ground construction, underground construction, decommissioning with the contribution of 40.24%, 30.67% and 28.99%. According to the results, we put forward several reasonable control measures to ease the environmental impact in the process of geothermal exploitation and utilization for heat pump project.
Gas Distribution in Italy: A Non Parametric Analysis of Companies Operational Efficiency
Authors: lo Storto Corrado
Published: November 2013

This paper investigates the levels of technical efficiency in the distribution segment of the natural gas industry in Italy. An empirical analysis is conducted on a sample of 32 gas distributors, while Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is performed to calculate efficiency scores.
Technical and scale efficiency, and density measurements are also used. Results show that the sample average technical efficiency is about at 75.58%, with a standard deviation of 31.24%. Scale economies are also relevant in the industry as scale efficiency is only 49.28%, with the bulk of companies showing decreasing returns to scale. Furthermore, from graphical analysis apparently no association between technical, scale efficiency and density measurements emerges, indicating that there is no one optimal way to improve efficiency of gas distributing companies.
GPS Application in Highway Survey
Authors: Jiang Si Yi , Wei Zhi Wen
Published: November 2013

This article describes the application of GPS in highway measurement, points out the error of GPS in highway measurement, expounds how to reduce the error to improve measurement accuracy and widen the application fields of GPS.
Spectral Signatures Identifying Instrument on Spectroscopic Measurement Technique for Water Quality Monitoring
Authors: Lakesh S.H.P.K. , Dahanayaka D.D.Gihan.L. , Tonooka Hideyuki , Minato Atsushi , Ozawa Satoru
Published: November 2013

Spectral measurement is an important technology for measuring algal-chlorophyll in surface water. This paper provides a possibility of spectral signatures in the visible and near infrared, associated with experiments could be conduct to use proposed devise for outdoors in water environments. The overall objective of this study was to use development of micro controller based Spectrometer for finding possible spectral regions in which chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) could be identified so as to assist the assessment and monitoring of water quality spectrometric method. The main target is to develop very low cost effective with mobility and to get current data by accessing remotely. This study based on the application of linear regression analysis between the mean reflectance values (proposed Micro controlled visible Spectrometer-MVSM-C10988MA-01) across the spectrum and the concentrations of chlorophyll-a (μg/L) acquired simultaneously in situ measurement on the same day and time in the Ibaraki University Test Pond in Japan.
Study on Online Mixing Pesticide Technology and Automatic Control and Detection of Concentration
Authors: Chen Han Xiang , Chen Zhi Gang , Zhao Xin , Chen Meng Xi , Chen Jun Jing
Published: November 2013

Most pesticides mixing devices adopt open-loop control mode, its mixing precision is affected by undesired signal of mixing medicine line and the precision of pesticide injection equipment.In this paper the online pesticides mixing technology with closed-loop liquid injection method and the concentration tested as the feedback signal was studied in order to obtain the high efficiency and low cost online pesticides mixer. A pesticide mixing ratio detection method and equipment based on light permeability of pesticides, a pesticide injection device controlled by PWM duty cycle and a low power consumption control unit based on single chip microcomputer MSP430F149 are designed in the research. With these units above, an online pesticide mixer with mixing ratio feedback is constructed and a fixed-point tracking experiment on the Paraquat SL mixing pesticide and water by 1:200 is conducted. The result shows that the online pesticide mixer can acquire mixing ratio information in time,automatically adjust injection volume of pesticides and accurately tracks the set of mixing ratio. The error of mixing ratio relatively less than 4.3% and the regulating time not more than 2.6s.These mean that without flowmetre controlling the technological device can realize mixing pesticide online quickly with high precision ,and the device should be economical and practical, easy to generalize, in addition ,it reduced environment pollution and operators poison risk generated by pesticide spraying.
The Synergy of TRIZ and Automatic Optical Inspection (AOI) for Detecting Surface Defects on Small Metal Parts
Authors: Yeh Chi Hao , Hsieh Cheng Yu , Wu Ful Chiang
Published: November 2013

The aim of this paper is to show how to apply TRIZ to resolve difficulties and conflicts in Automatic Optical Inspection (AOI) for detecting surface defects on small metal parts and saving effort-spent (energy saving). TRIZ has been well-known as a creative and innovative thinking theory in solving engineering and technology contradictions in the last two decades. However, few studies and practical usage were proposed in AOI area. Conflicts occurring in AOI are discussed to demonstrate the ideas guided by 39 TRIZ management parameters, 40 innovative principles, and contradiction matrix. The results show that TRIZ is able to provide direct, quick and effective alternatives to resolve the conflicts in AOI. In this manner, huge effort and cost can be saved in further execution stage. In this paper, the detection for surface defects on small and precise metal part are utilized as a case study to describe the proposed TRIZ-based conflicts-solution in AOI implementation.
The Spectrophotometric Determination of Co(II) in Microbe Media
Authors: Zhang E , Chen Xiao Ming , Liu Mei , Liu Xiao Ling , Xu Yan , Chen Hao , Huang Min
Published: November 2013

The spectrophotometric determination has been widely used by virtue of low investment, simple equipment, convenient operation and high accuracy. The study discussed the application of picramazochrom spectrophotometry to measure Co (II) in the bacterial culture media including LB, NA and TGY medium. The parameters of chromogenic reaction containing absorption wavelength, buffer solution volume, chromogenic reagent volume and developing time were optimized. Under optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the concentration range of 0~1.5mg/L (r2=0.9991) for Co (II). The LB, NA and TGY medium prepared with standard order (pH 7.0~7.4) have obvious influences on the measurement of Co (II) under shaking conditions (37°C, 120rpm), and the influence rates up to 43.46%, 40.32% and 18.03%, respectively. After the pH value of these media being adjusted to between 5 and 6, the influence rates were interestingly controlled in 5%. This picramazochrom spectrophotometry can be successfully applied to determine the Co (II) concentration in microbe media.
A Stereo Matching Algorithm for Non-Metric Digital Images and the Application
Authors: Chang Jin , Li Hao , Wu Ming Fei , Yang Biao
Published: November 2013

Compared to aerial images, there are more complicated image distortion and occlusion in non-metric digital images in the aspect of close-range photogrammetry, which increase the difficulty of the image matching dramatically. Due to the particularity of non-metric digital images taken in alpine and gorge regions, this paper proposes a probability relaxation matching algorithm with an improved searching strategy. The algorithm integrates the gird points with feature points to determine the initial point matching process and conducts multiple constraints in the respects of epipolar lines and parallax to ensure the continuity and correctness of matching. The experiment shows the algorithm is applicable for the matching of non-metric digital images in alpine and gorge regions, whose stereo matching correctness can reach up to 98% in alpine and gorge regions.
A Study on Temperature and Time Conditions of Colorimetric Method in Measuring Soil Available Phosphorus
Authors: Pu Pan , Zhang Miao , Zhang Li Nan
Published: November 2013

Molybdenum blue colorimetric method is one of the standard methods of detecting soil available phosphorus and is crucial to guide variable fertilization. In practice, however, we find that color-developing temperature and stable time could affect test results. To ensure precision, in this paper we conducted a comprehensive experiment under the temperature range from 10°C to 40°C and time range from 0 to 80 minutes after color reaction and compared the test results in single calibration mode with that in repetitive calibration mode. Eventually we optimized temperature and testing time conditions in the two different calibration modes respectively. Under the optimum conditions we conducted a verification test using 55 soil samples which were collected from main crop-growing regions of China. The test results had a better linear correlation with standard results (R2 = 0.97) and a small mean relative error (MRE = 0.047), which could meet the accuracy requirement of variable fertilization.
Three Dimensional Laser Scanning System Applied to the Swelling Earthwork Estimation after Garbage Landfill Dredged
Authors: Chan Tian Chyuan
Published: November 2013

Because of rapid population growth in urban development, land development needs to be expanded. The existing landfill is usually required to be removed to attain more available land space and to improve the environments for the metropolitan area. When the landfill above the ground level is dredged and removed, due to the swelling phenomenon of the underground landfill, the terrain elevation may change over time. This usually causes disputes between landlord and contractor on the actual amount of dredged earthwork. This study will use both traditional survey instruments and modern three dimensional laser scanning instruments to measure the ground elevation change with time. The swelling rate at different periods of time will be computed. These results may provide a useful reference for similar future cases.
Study on Traffic Flow Model Considering the Interaction of Vehicles
Authors: Huang Hai Yun , Zhang Jun Ping
Published: November 2013

In this paper, considering the influence of mixed traffic and overtaking on traffic flow, the formula of viscous resistance was put forth; a new Hydrodynamics model was established. Discrete analysis was carried out on the mechanical equation through the difference method, through which the change in the traffic flows parameters through time and space can be analyzed. Finally, the measured data simulation analysis results show that the new traffic flow model is of certain practical reference.