bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tbx4 and Tbx5 gene expression associated with appendage development and its relationship with the absence of a ventral fin in Pampus argenteus
Authors: Zhang Shun , Hu Lingzhu , Zhu Xiaojing , Liao Kai , Xu Shanliang , Wang Danli
Published: August 2022

Background
The Tbx family was first known through the study of their functions in the body and limbs, and its members Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes are important factors in determining the characteristics of the appendages. Pampus argenteus is an important fishery resource and an emerging target of aquaculture. It has a bizarre morphology, the lack of ventral fin. So, it is necessary to study the role of Tbx family genes in the deletion of pelvic fin in P. argenteus.
Results
Cloning Tbx4 and Tbx5 cDNA sequence of P. argenteus for the first time (GenBank: MH709128 and MH712458), which both contain highly conserved T-box region (DNA binding domain). In different developmental stages of P. argenteus, the expression of Tbx4 mRNA showed an overall "M" trend of increasing, then decreasing and then increasing again, with the highest peak at the age of 13 days old larvae; and a positive RNA hybridization signal was detected in the abdominal epithelium, while its protein expression was significantly inhibited. TBX4 protein expression was lowest in the abdominal epithelium and even inferior to its expression in the pectoral fin. At different developmental stages of P. argenteus, the expression of Tbx5 mRNA showed an overall trend of first increase and then decrease, and reached the highest at larvae 1 day (the appearance of pectoral fin primordium). Consistent with in situ hybridization, positive signals were concentrated in the heart and pectoral fins. The expression of TBX5 protein is basically consistent with the expression of mRNA, that is, when the expression of Tbx5 mRNA increases, its protein content also increases relatively, and after accumulation to a certain extent, the accumulation of pectoral fin cells begins to appear.
Conclusions
The translation of Tbx4 mRNA may be inhibited during the critical period of ventral fin development. Among different tissues, TBX4 protein levels were the lowest in the abdominal epithelium, and even lower than that in the pectoral fin, suggesting that the protein expression may be also inhibited in the abdominal epithelium of adult P. argenteus.
Fetal endothelial dysfunction in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus under Dietary or Insulin therapy
Authors: Wang Jing-Jing , Wang Xi , Li Qian , Hua Huang , Zheng Qiao-Ling , Yao Qin , Zhang Jun
Published: August 2022

Objective Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious pregnancy complication. Even if the plasma glucose levels were controlled with dietary intervention (GDM-D) or insulin therapy (GDM-I), children from diabetes mothers have increased rates of CVD from childhood to early adulthood. Endothelial function is a barometer of vascular health. The study was conducted to find out the changes in fetal endothelial dysfunction in GDM under different interventions in pregnancies. The primary HUVECs were separated from human normal pregnant (n=6), GDM-D (n=6), and GDM-I (n=6), respectively. Methods LC-MS/MS was used to identify differentially expressed proteins of primary HUVECs among the three groups and bioinformatics analysis was then performed. Glucose uptake, ATP level, apoptosis, as well as differentially protein was assessed to identify how the energy metabolism changed. Results A total of 8174 quantifiable proteins were detected, and 142 differentially expressed proteins were found both in comparison between the patients with GDM-D/GDM-I and healthy controls. 64 proteins were upregulated, while 77 were downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins are involved in multiple biological processes and signaling pathways related to cellular process, biological regulation, and metabolic process. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was changed among the three groups. Glucose uptake was decreased in GDM-I (p<0.01). The expression of glucose transport 1 (Glut1) and glucose transporter 3 (Glut3) were decreased significantly in GDM-D and GDM-I. ATP levels were decreased both in GDM-D (p<0.01) and GDM-I (p<0.05). Apoptosis happened in the both GDM-D and GDM-I groups, while the expression of apoptosis-related protein cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP have an increasing trend in the GDM-D and GDM-I. Compared with normal, the phosphate AKT and phosphate AMPK was reduced in GDM-D and GDM-I. Conclusions In summary, endothelial dysfunctions happened in pregnancies with GDM even though the plasma glucose levels were controlled. The energy dysfunction might be related to the regulation of the AKT/AMPK/mTOR signal pathway.
The effect of postoperative intravenous iron in anaemic, older cardiac surgery patients on disability-free survival (AGE ANEMIA study): Study protocol for a multi-centre, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Authors: Smoor Rosa M , Rettig Thijs CD , Vernooij Lisette M , Dongen Eric PA van , Noordzij Peter G
Published: August 2022

Background: Postoperative anaemia is common in older cardiac surgery patients and often caused by iron deficiency. Anaemia may negatively affect recovery after cardiac surgery. This study aims to determine the efficacy of treatment of postoperative iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) with intravenous iron (IVI) on disability 90 days after cardiac surgery in older patients. Methods: This is a randomized placebo-controlled double blind multi-centre trial. In total, 310 patients aged ≥70 years with moderate IDA on postoperative day 1 (haemoglobin 85 - 110 g/L and ferritin concentration < 100 μg/L or iron saturation <20%) after uncomplicated elective cardiac surgery (aortic valve repair or coronary artery bypass graft surgery) will be included. Patients will be randomly allocated to either receive IVI (ferric derisolmatose) or placebo (sodium chloride 0.9%) on postoperative day 1 in a 1:1 ratio, stratified by centre and type of cardiac surgery. The primary outcome is disability measured by the 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment score 2.0 after 90 days. Secondary outcome measures are the number of postoperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusions, change in reticulocyte hemoglobin content (pg) from randomization to hospital discharge, Hb levels at discharge, hospital complications, dyspnoea (assessed with the Rose Dyspnoea Scale) and health-related quality of life (HRQL) (assessed with The Older Persons and Informal Caregivers-Short Form (TOPICS-SF) questionnaire) after 90 days and days alive and out of hospital after 90 days. Lastly, the functional outcomes (e.g. steep ramp or 6-minute walk test) and Hb level after 90 days will be assessed as an exploratory endpoint.Discussion: The results of this study will demonstrate whether early treatment of postoperative IDA with IVI improves disability at 90 days in older cardiac surgery patients. Trial registration: Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT04913649 at June 4th, 2021.
Gastric Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma presenting as Perforation peritonitis: A rare case report
Authors: Aishwarya Ramnath , Jain Ankit , Dutta Souradeep , Abhinaya Reddy , Toi Pampa Ch , Ramakrishnaiah Vishnu Prasad Nelamangala
Published: August 2022

Gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas (GNECs) are rare tumors characterized by an aggressive clinical course, rapid progression, metastatic dissemination, and poor prognosis. Due to overlapping radiological features and small pre-operative biopsy specimens, they are frequently misdiagnosed as adenocarcinoma in the pre-operative period. These tumors are generally asymptomatic or present with non-specific symptoms like epigastric pain or discomfort, weight loss, and loss of appetite. However, GNECs presenting as perforation peritonitis is rarely reported in the literature. A 60-year-old man presented to the emergency department with complaints of pain upper abdomen with loss of weight and appetite for four months. He had an endoscopic biopsy report suggestive of antral growth reported as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Radiological investigations were notable for the presence of a malignant lesion in the stomach with perforation. Subtotal gastrectomy with D1 lymph node resection and Billroth-2 gastrojejunostomy was done. Specimen pathology confirmed poorly differentiated high grade large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Biosorption of heavy metal ions from the aqueous solutions using porous Sargassum Wightii (SW) brown algae: batch adsorption, kinetic and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Yogeshwaran V , Priya A.K
Published: August 2022

The removal of heavy metal ions (Cr, Pb and Zn) present in aqueous solutions has been examined utilizing Sargassum Wightii (SW) - brown algae – as an organic adsorbent. The functional groups of SW were determined by FTIR analysis before and after heavy metal ion adsorption. Because of the strong Van der Walls forces, the SEM/EDX picture reveals the presence of heavy metal ions on the surface of the SW. The influence of adsorption was studied in different settings by adjusting the parameters of pH, SW dosage, metal ion concentration, time of contact and temperature. In addition, the thermodynamic and isotherm investigations were carried out in order to determine the adsorption process and its connection. It was found that by adding 0.3 N H2SO4, the maximal desorption rate was achieved.
International Spinal Cord Injury Core Data Set (version 3.0)—including standardization of reporting
Authors: Biering-Sørensen Fin , Charliefue Susie , Chen Yu-ying , New Peter , Noonan Vanessa , Post Marcel , Rupp Ruediger , Vogel Lawrence
Published: August 2022

Study design: Expert opinion, feedback, revisions and final consensus.Objectives: To update the International Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Core Data Set while still retaining recommended standardization of data reporting.Setting: International.Methods: Comments on the data elements received from the SCI community were discussed in the International Core Data Set working group. The suggestions from this group were iteratively reviewed. The final version was circulated for final approval.Results: The International SCI Core Data Set (Version 3.0) consists of 21 variables. The variable ‘Gender’ has been changed to ‘Sex assigned at birth’; for the variable ‘Spinal Cord Injury Etiology’, the item, ‘Sports or exercise during leisure time’, has been clarified as ‘including during leisure time’; for the variables ‘Vertebral injury’ and ‘Associated injuries’, the item ‘Unknown’ is reworded into: ‘Not applicable (non-traumatic case)’ and ‘Unknown’; the variable ‘Spinal surgery’ has been expanded to include surgeries for individuals with non-traumatic SCI; for the variables related to the International Standards for Neurological Classification of SCI only the neurological level of injury (NLI) and the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) are to be reported, and a separate variable is included indicating if the NLI or the AIS or both are impacted by a non-SCI condition. Conclusion: The International SCI Core Data Set (Version 3.0) should be collected and reported for all studies of SCI to facilitate uniform descriptions of SCI populations and facilitate comparison of results collected worldwide.
Ginger essential oil prevents NASH progression by blockading the NLRP3 inflammasome and remodeling the gut microbiota-LPS-TLR4 pathway
Authors: Sheen Lee-Yan , Panyod Suraphan , Wu Wei-Kai , Hsieh Ya-Chi , Tseng Yea-Jing , Peng Sin-Yi , Chen Rou-An , Huang Huai-Syuan , Chen Yi-Hsun , Shen Ting-Chin David , Ho Chi-Tang , Liu Chun-Jen , Chuang Hsiao-Li , Huang Chi-Chang , Wu Ming-Shiang
Published: August 2022

Diet and gut microbiota contribute to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progression. High-fat diets (HFDs) change gut microbiota compositions and induce gut dysbiosis and intestinal barrier leakage, which facilitates portal influx of pathogen-associated molecular patterns [e.g., lipopolysaccharides (LPS)] to the liver and triggers inflammation in NASH. The current therapeutic drugs for NASH have adverse side effects; however, several foods and herbs have exhibited hepatoprotection. We investigated ginger essential oil (GEO) against palm oil-containing HFDs in LPS-injected murine NASH model. GEO prevented NASH development by increasing plasma alanine aminotransferase levels; increasing antioxidant catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione levels; and reducing hepatic pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. GEO alleviated hepatic inflammation through mediated NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome and LPS/Toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathways. GEO further increased beneficial bacterial abundance and reduced NASH-associated bacterial abundance. GEO may, therefore, prevent NASH by inhibiting hepatic inflammation and modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolite-related pathway.
Change in Head Impact Exposure following Return to Play in Concussed Football Athletes
Authors: Muench Jared R. , Sinson Grant P. , Harezlak Jaroslaw , Rowson Steven , Duma Stefan , Brooks Alison , Cameron Kenneth , Giza Christopher , Goldman Joshua , McGinty Gerald , Riggen Larry Dwight , Pasquina Paul F. , Broglio Steven P. , McAllister Thomas , McCrea Michael A. , Stemper Brian D.
Published: August 2022

Background
Following sport-related concussion, early head impact exposure and premature return to play is known to increase risk of repeat concussion in football athletes, yet athletes’ true post-injury head impact exposure profiles and biomechanical progression have not been explored. Accordingly, this study explored how American college football athletes alter playing style during their return from concussion, particularly within the same athletic season.
Methods
Using head impact exposure profiles of fifty-two collegiate football athletes from six NCAA Division I programs, this analysis compared daily volume of head impacts following concussion with pre-injury levels and further compared these athletes to team- and position-matched controls to minimize season- or team-related factors. Additionally, this study provided an analysis of the possible association between length of recovery time and change in head impact exposure following concussion using continuous linear regression.
Results
Over 40% of concussed athletes did not reach their pre-injury level of head impact exposure at any point during the remainder of the season segment that the concussion occurred. Furthermore, concussed athletes showed significantly larger decreases than non-concussed athletes over the same time period. Finally, longer recovery times after concussion were associated with larger decreases in head impact exposure over the remaining contact days within the season segment.
Conclusions
This study provide evidence for a shift in playing style after returning from concussion, both in the immediate days after return to play as well as over extended periods of time within the season. These findings will help to better inform the management of athletes returning from concussion.
Can a three months treatment with oral Desogestrel prior to insertion of the etonogestrel subdermal implant improve continuation rate at one year? A randomized trial
Authors: Fäh Valeria Lombardi , Catarino Rosa , Castillo Sarah , Badda Maria , Gezer-Dickschat Sibel , Thieringer Friederike , Tschudin Sibil , Viviano Manuela , Yaron Michal
Published: August 2022

Objective: The aim of our study is to evaluate if daily oral 75µg of Desogestrel (DSG) for 3 months prior to the insertion of etonogestrel subdermal implant (ENG-IMPLANT) might help reduce its premature discontinuation.Results: A total of 66 women were randomized in the ENG-IMPLANT group (26) and in the DSG+ENG-IMPLANT group (40), respectively, in the Geneva University Hospitals and Basel University Hospital, from August 15th, 2016 through September 30th, 2019. In the DSG+ENG-IMPLANT group, patients were given a 3 months’ supply of 75µg of DSG before the insertion of the ENG-IMPLANT. All women were seen after 3 months for bleeding and satisfaction evaluation, and at 12 months post ENG-IMPLANT insertion. Higher levels of satisfaction at 12-months were found in the ENG-IMPLANT group compared to the DSG+ENG-IMPLANT group (8.5±1.7 vs. 6.6±2.9, p=0.012). There were no statistically significant differences regarding tolerance (7.8±2.5 vs 6.8±2.6, p=0.191) and contraceptive continuation (80% vs 72.4%, p=0.544) between groups. DSG prior to insertion of the ENG-IMPLANT did not improve its continuation rate neither its satisfaction at one year.Trial registration: NCT05174195. Retrospectively registered, the 30th December 2021.
Patient and providers-level drivers of healthcare utilization related to a diagnosis of a precancerous condition: monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)
Authors: Castaneda-Avila Maira A. , Mazor Kathleen M. , Lapane Kate L. , Epstein Mara M.
Published: August 2022

Purpose
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is the precursor of multiple myeloma. This qualitative study described patient (n = 14) experiences and healthcare providers’ (n = 8) opinions and practices concerning care for patients with MGUS in the US.
Methods
Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results
We identified six overarching themes related to the care pathway for patients with MGUS. (1) Process of MGUS diagnosis, (2) Providers’ explanations, (3) Patients’ understanding, (4) Impact of the diagnosis, (6) follow-up/management, and (6) factors influencing healthcare utilization. Patients demonstrated a basic understanding of MGUS. However, some patients felt anxiety around the diagnosis, which may affect other aspects of their lives. Non-hematologist providers report having less MGUS-specific knowledge. Older age, high-risk MGUS, and insurance/cost influenced healthcare utilization.
Conclusion
Patients with MGUS may have difficulty processing this premalignant diagnosis. Non-hematologist providers may have gaps in knowledge around specific care for patients with MGUS.
oFlowSeq: A multiplexed quantitative approach to identify genes affecting cell type enrichment using mosaic CRISPR-Cas9 edited cerebral organoids
Authors: Dawes Pepper , Smullen Molly , Fernandez-Fontaine Aria , Zhang Yucheng , English Jay , Uddin Mohammed , Pak ChangHui , Church George M , Chan Yingleong , Lim Elaine T
Published: August 2022

Cerebral organoids are comprised of diverse cell types found in the developing human brain, and can be leveraged for the identification of critical cell types perturbed by genetic risk variants in common, neuropsychiatric disorders. There is great interest in developing high-throughput, multiplexed technologies to associate genetic variants with cell types. Here, we describe a multiplexed, quantitative approach (oFlowSeq) by utilizing CRISPR-Cas9, FACS sorting and next-generation sequencing. Using oFlowSeq, we found that deleterious mutations in autism-associated gene KCTD13 resulted in increased proportions of Nestin+ cells and decreased proportions of TRA-1- 60+ cells within mosaic cerebral organoids. We further identified that a locus-wide CRISPR-Cas9 survey of another 19 genes in the 16p11.2 locus resulted in >2.5% maximum editing efficiencies for short and long indels, suggesting a high feasibility for an unbiased, locus-wide experiment using oFlowSeq. Our approach presents a novel method to identify genotype-to-cell type imbalances in an unbiased, multiplexed, quantitative manner.
500 Wh/kg Class High-Areal-Capacity Lithium Metal Pouch Cell Enabled by Practical Polymer Protective Layer
Authors: Feng Yangyang , Li Yong , Lin Jing , Zhu Lei , Zhang Xiang , Zhang Linlin , Sun Chuan-Fu , Wu Maoxiang , Wang Yaobing
Published: August 2022

Stable high-areal-capacity lithium metal under practical conditions is decisive to reach 500 Wh/kg, which is plagued by undesirable lithium-electrolyte interface. Herein, we design and synthesize poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate-co-sodium benzenesulfonate) (PHS) as lithium-electrolyte interfacial protective layer, containing soft poly (2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA) with hydroxyl to provide strong interaction with Cu substrate by hydrogen-bond and improve the flexibility, and ion-conductive poly(sodium p-styrene sulfonate) (PS) with large Li chemisorption energy to anchor and disperse Li+. Cryo-TEM images revel that multifunctional PHS induces the formation of rigid and crystalline fluorinated SEI inner layers. The theoretical calculations confirm that -SO3− in PS promotes Li+ towards interchain migration through cation-dipole interaction, enabling uniform Li+ diffusion, achieving average Coulombic efficiency of 99.46% under 6 mAh/cm2 for Li|PHS-Cu cell. When paired with high-areal-capacity NCM83 (6.0 mAh/cm2), the assembled NCM83|PHS-Li pouch cell with the capacity of 6.87 Ah can reach 490.4 Wh/kg and exhibits 92.9% capacity retention after 150 cycles.
Phylogeny and adaptive evolution of subgenus Rhizirideum (Amaryllidaceae, Allium) based on plastid genomes
Authors: Fu Xiao , Xie Deng-Feng , Zhou Yu-Yang , Cheng Rui-Yu , Zhang Xiang-Yi , Zhou Song-dong , He Xing-Jin
Published: August 2022

The subgenus Rhizirideum in genus Allium consists of 38 species across the world. Previous studies on this subgenus mainly focused on separate sections. To investigate the adaptive evolution and phylogenetic relationships of this subgenus, we selected eleven species of subgen. Rhiziridem to conduct the comparative plastome analysis. As a result, the Rhizirideum plastomes were relatively conservative in terms of structure, IR/SC borders, codon usage, and repeat sequence. Unlike the previous reports, A. polyrhizum, representing section Caespitosoprason, was resolved as the basal taxon of subgen. Rhizirideum. Most of the single-copy CDSs were under purifying selection, while eleven genes presented relaxed selection, such as atpB, psbD and rbcL, which were mainly involved in the photosynthesis and respiration processes. The pseudogenization and relaxed selection of genes, the introns, the slight shift of IR/SC borders and the low GC content can be ragarded as the adaptation of plants to the environment. Our study highlighted the advantage of plastid genomes in reconstructing phylogenetic relationships. Also, we considered that section Caespitosoprason needed to be separated from section Rhizomatosa. In summary, our research provided new insights into the phylogeny, adaptive evolution, and taxonomy of subgen. Rhizirideum.
Altered intestinal flora in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Wang Honghui , Bi Hui , Yang Muran , Wang Xiuli , Song Chuanju , Yang Wen , Wang Yacan , Xie Dongmei , Li Huiting , Zhou Zeping
Published: August 2022

BackgroundLittle is known about the intestinal flora of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients in relation to those of healthy people. AimTo explore the structural and functional differences of intestinal flora between ITP patients and healthy controls.MethodsFeces from ITP patients and healthy controls were studied by 16S rRNA and metagenomic techniques at phylum, genus, species or functional levels. Blood samples were collected for the detection of IL-2 and IL-4 concentrations.ResultThe following changes in ITP patients were found: a decrease of Bacteroidetes phylum, an increase of Proteobacteria phylum and alterations of ten genera and 1045 species. Genera of Phascolarctobacterium and Romboutsia were correlated with IL-2 levels. Species of C. freundii, C. rodentium, and C. youngae were negatively correlated with bleeding scores, and S. infantis was positively related to platelet counts. Functionally, the intestinal flora of ITP patients changed mainly in terms of motility, chemotaxis, membrane transport, and metabolism. ConclusionsThe mechanism underlying the functional and structural changes of the intestinal flora in ITP patients may be related to inflammation and immunity, suggesting a new target for ITP treatment.
An Overview of Cervical Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention in the Baltic States
Authors: Kojalo Una , Tisler Anna , Parna Kersti , Kivite-Urtane Anda , Zodzika Jana , Stakunas Mindaugas , Baltzer Nicholas , Nygard Mari , Uuskula Anneli
Published: August 2022

AimsTo inform future Baltic States-specific policy analyses, we aimed to provide an overview of cervical cancer epidemiology and existing prevention efforts in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.MethodsA structured desk review: we compiled and summarized data on current prevention strategies, population demography and epidemiology (high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and cervical cancer incidence and mortality over time) for each Baltic State by reviewing published literature and official guidelines, performing registry-based analyses using secondary data and having discussions with experts in each country. ResultsWe observed important similarities in the three Baltic States: high burden of the disease (high incidence and mortality of cervical cancer, changes in TNM (Classification of Malignant Tumors) stage distribution towards later stage at diagnosis), high burden of high-risk HPV in general population and suboptimal implementation of the preventive strategies as low screening and HPV vaccination coverage.ConclusionsCervical cancer remains a substantial health problem in the region and the efforts in addressing barriers by implementing a four-step plan for elimination cervical cancer in Europe should be made. This goal is achievable through evidence-based steps in four key areas: vaccination, screening, treatment, and public awareness.
An examination of sleep spindle metrics in the Sleep Heart Health Study: superiority of automated spindle detection over total sigma power in assessing spindle activity
Authors: Palepu Kalyan , Sadeghi Kolia , Kleinschmidt Dave , Donoghue Jacob , Chapman Seth , Arslan Alex , Westover M. Brandon , Cash Sydney S. , Pathmanathan Jay
Published: August 2022

Background. Sleep spindle activity is commonly estimated by measuring sigma power during stage 2 non-rapid eye movement (NREM2) sleep. However, spindles account for little of the total NREM2 interval and therefore sigma power over the entire interval may be misleading. This study compares derived spindle measures from direct automated spindle detection with those from gross power spectral analyses for the purposes of clinical trial design.Methods. We estimated spindle activity in a set of 8,440 overnight electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings from 5,793 patients from the Sleep Heart Health Study using both sigma power and direct automated spindle detection. Performance of the two methods was evaluated by ability to distinguish NREM2 from other NREM sleep stages and by determining the sample size required to detect decline in age-related spindle coherence with each method in a simulated clinical trial. Results. Mean sigma power in NREM2 was indistinguishable from other NREM states in 25% of recordings, vs only 7% for direct spindle measurement (P < 0.001). These percentages were 34% and 14% respectively for sigma coherence comparisons. In a simulated clinical trial, sigma power required a sample size of 115 to achieve 95% power to identify age-related changes in sigma coherence, while automated spindle detection required a sample size of only 60.Conclusions. Measurements of spindle activity utilizing automated spindle detection outperformed conventional sigma power analysis by a wide margin, suggesting that many studies would benefit from incorporation of automated spindle detection. These results further suggest that some previous studies which have failed to detect changes in sigma power or coherence may have failed simply because they were underpowered.
S-nitrosylation of CSF1 receptor increases the efficacy of CSF1R blockage against Prostate cancer
Authors: Kuchakulla Manish , Firdaus Fakiha , QURESHI REHANA , Soni Yash , Booven Derek , SHAH KHUSHI , Dulce Raul Ariel , Masterson Thomas , Rosete Omar , Punnen Sanoj , Hare Joshua , RAMASAMY RANJITH , ARORA HIMANSHU
Published: August 2022

Sustained oxidative overload in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells potentiates the overall tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting the TME using colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibition is a promising therapy for CRPC. However, the therapeutic response to sustained CSF1R blockade therapy (CSF1Ri) is limited as a monotherapy. We postulated that one of the causative agents for reduced efficacy of CSF1Ri and increased oxidation in CRPC is endothelial nitric oxide syntheses (eNOS). Results showed that in high grade PCa human specimens, eNOS is positively correlated with CSF1-CSF1R signaling and remains in an un-coupled state. The uncoupling disables eNOS to generate sufficient Nitric oxide (NO) that are required for inducing effective S-nitrosylation of CSF1R molecule at specific cysteine sites (Cys 224, Cys 278 and Cys 830). We found that exogenous NO treatment (using S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO)) is effective in not only inducing S-Nitrosylation of CSF1R molecule, but it helps in rescuing the excess oxidation in tumor regions, suppresses the tumor promoting cytokines which are ineffectively suppressed by CSF1R blockade. Together these results postulated that NO therapy could act as an effective combinatorial partner with CSF1R blockade against CRPC. In this context, results demonstrated that exogenous NO treatment successfully augment the anti-tumor ability of CSF1Ri to effectively reduce the overall tumor burden, decrease the intratumoral percentage of anti-inflammatory macrophages, myeloid derived progenitor cells and increasing the percentage of pro-inflammatory macrophages, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and effector T cells respectively. Together, our study suggests that the NO-CSF1Ri combination has the potential to act as a therapeutic agent that restore control over TME and improve the outcomes of PCa patients.
Experimental Realization of a High-Finesse Laser Cavity based on a Low-Noise Microstructured Mirror
Authors: Dickmann Johannes , Sauer Steffen , Meyer Jan , Gaedtke Mika , Siefke Thomas , Brückner Uwe , Plentz Jonathan , Kroker Stefanie
Published: August 2022

The most precise measurement tools of humankind are equipped with ultra-stable lasers. State-of-the-art laser stabilization techniques are based on external cavities, that are limited by noise originated in the coatings of the cavity mirrors. Microstructured mirror coatings (so-called meta-mirrors) are a promising technology to overcome the limitations of coating noise and therewith pave the way towards next-generation ultra-stable lasers. We present the first experimental realization of a 10,000-finesse optical cavity based on a low-noise meta-mirror, representing a milestone in this field. The symbiosis of the presented mirror technology with silicon cavity spacers will result in a 5×10−18 laser stability, which is an order of magnitude improvement.
Role of long noncoding RNAs; BDNF-AS and 17A and their relation to GABAergic dysfunction in Egyptian epileptic patients
Authors: Zayed Aya A. , Seleem Mae M. , Darwish Hebatallah , Shaheen Amira A.
Published: August 2022

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. Lately, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been increasingly appreciated as regulators of epilepsy-related processes, however, their functional role in its pathogenesis is still to be explored. This study investigated the expression levels of lncRNAs; BDNF-AS and 17A in the sera of Egyptian patients with idiopathic generalized and symptomatic focal epilepsy and correlated their levels with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), phosphorylated cAMP reaction element -binding protein (p-CREB), gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate, to underline their related molecular mechanism. A total of 70 epileptic patients were divided into two clinical types, besides 30 healthy controls of matched age and sex. The expression levels of both lncRNAs were markedly upregulated in epileptic groups versus healthy control with predominance in the symptomatic focal one. Epileptic patients showed significantly lower levels of BDNF, p-CREB, GABA along with significant increases of glutamate levels and glutamate/ GABA ratio, especially in symptomatic focal versus idiopathic generalized epileptic ones. The obtained data raised the possibility that these lncRNAs might be involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy via inhibition of GABA/p-CREB/BDNF pathway. The study shed light on the putative role of these lncRNAs in better diagnosis of epilepsy, particularly symptomatic focal epilepsy.
Promoting community-based surveillance of economically important invasive species in lower-income economies: a case study of the suckermouth catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) in Bangladesh
Authors: Mamun SM Abdullah Al , Hossain Mohammad Sorowar , Capps Krista
Published: August 2022

The distribution of invasive species in lower-income economies is relatively poorly understood, and many countries do not actively curate a list of species invasions or have programs to monitor or mitigate the effects of non-native species within their borders. Methods leveraging new technologies and expanding access to the internet may offer the opportunity to support low-cost and large-scale monitoring efforts. Here, we demonstrate how the use of online news coverage can support initial attempts to map the distribution of an economically-important, non-naïve freshwater fish in Bangladesh (Ptergoplichthys sp.). By initiating new collaborations between the scientific and online journalism communities, governments and organizations may be able to enhance their abilities to map the distribution of non-native species and develop new programs to support public awareness of species invasion at relatively low cost.
Left-sided Valvular Heart Disease and Survival in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Nationwide Registry-Based Study
Authors: Dejby Ellen , Bhatt Deepak L. , Skoglund Kristofer , Rawshani Aidin , Omerovic Elmir , Redfors Björn , Myredal Anna , Petursson Petur , Angerås Oskar , Gustafsson Arvid , Isaksén Daniella , Herlitz Johan , Rawshani Araz
Published: August 2022

Background
Survival in left-sided valvular heart disease (VHD; aortic stenosis [AS], aortic regurgitation [AR], mitral stenosis [MS], mitral regurgitation [MR]) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is unknown.
Methods
We studied all cases of OHCA in the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Association between VHD and survival was studied using logistic regression, gradient boosting and Cox regression. We studied time to cardiac arrest, comorbidities, survival, and cerebral performance category (CPC) score.
Results
We included 55,615 patients; 1948 with AS, 384 AR, 17 MS, and 704 with MR. Time from VHD diagnosis to cardiac arrest was 3.7 years in AS, 4.5 years in AR and 4.1 years in MR. ROSC occurred in 28% with AS, 33% with AR, 36% with MR and 35% without VHD. Survival at 30 days was 5.2%, 10.4%, 9.2%, 11.4% in AS, AR, MR and without VHD, respectively. There were no survivors in people with AS presenting with asystole or PEA. CPC scores did not differ in those with VHD compared with no VHD. Odds ratio (OR) for MR and AR showed no difference in survival, while AS displayed OR 0.58 (95% CI 0.46–0.72), vs no VHD.
Conclusion
AS is associated with halved survival in OHCA, while AR and MR do not affect survival. Survivors with AS have neurological outcomes comparable to patients without VHD.
Cancer subclone detection based on DNA copy number in single cell and spatial omic sequencing data
Authors: Zhang Nancy , Wu Chi-Yun , Sathe Anuja , Rong Jiazhen , Hess Paul , Lau Billy , Grimes Susan M , Ji Hanlee
Published: August 2022

In cancer, somatic mutations such as copy number alterations (CNAs) accumulate during disease progression and lead to functional intra-tumor heterogeneity that can influence the efficacy of cancer therapy. Therefore, studying the functional characteristics and spatial distribution of genetically distinct subclones is crucial to the understanding of tumor evolution and the design of cancer treatment. Here, we present Clonalscope, a method for subclone detection using copy number profiles that can be applied to spatial transcriptomics (ST) data and data from single-cell sequencing platforms such as scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq. Clonalscope implements a nested Chinese restaurant process to identify de novo subclones within one or multiple samples from the same patient. Clonalscope incorporates prior information from paired whole-genome or whole-exome sequencing (WGS/WES) data to achieve more reliable subclone detection and malignant cell labeling. On scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq data from four gastrointestinal tumor samples, Clonalscope successfully labeled malignant cells and identified genetically different subclones, which were validated in detail using matched scDNA-seq data. On ST data from a squamous cell carcinoma and two invasive ductal carcinoma samples, Clonalscope successfully labelled malignant spots, traced subclones between associated datasets, and identified spatially segregated subclones expressing genes associated with drug resistance and survival.
Subthalamic beta bursts correlate with dopamine-dependent motor symptoms in 106 Parkinson's patients
Authors: Lofredi Roxanne , Okudzhava Liana , Irmen Friederike , Brücke Christof , Huebl Julius , Krauss Joachim , Schneider Gerd-Helge , Faust Katharina , Neumann Wolf-Julian , Kühn Andrea
Published: August 2022

Pathologically increased beta power has been described as a biomarker for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and related to prolonged bursts of subthalamic beta synchronization. Here, we investigate the association between subthalamic beta dynamics and motor impairment in a cohort of 106 Parkinson’s patients in the ON- and OFF- medication state, suing two different methods of beta burst determination. We report a frequency-specific correlation of low beta power and burst duration with motor impairment OFF dopaminergic medication. Furthermore, reduction of power and burst duration correlated significantly with symptom alleviation through dopaminergic medication. Importantly, qualitatively similar results were yielded with two different methods of beta burst definition. Our findings validate the robustness of previous results on pathological changes in subcortical oscillations both in the frequency- as well as in the time-domain in the largest cohort of PD patients to date with important implications for next-generation adaptive deep brain stimulation control algorithms.
Tubular aryl hydrocarbon receptor upregulates EZH2 to promote cell senescence in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Wen Li , Ren Qian , Du Xiaoyan , Yang Hongliu , Guo Fan , Ma Liang , Fu Ping
Published: August 2022

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the serious clinical syndromes with high morbidity and mortality. Despite substantial progress in understanding of AKI mechanism, no drug therapy is available for treatment or prevention. In this study, we identified that a ligand-activated transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) was highly expressed in the kidneys of cisplatin-induced AKI mice or tubular epithelial TCMK-1 cells. Notably, the AhR inhibition by BAY2416964 and tubular conditional deletion both alleviated cisplatin-induced kidney injury and cellular senescence, which was indicated by senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, biomarker p53, p21, p16 protein expression, and secretory phenotype IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα level. Mechanistically, the abnormal AhR expression was positively correlated with the elevated EZH2, a methyltransferase. In addition, AhR inhibition also could suppress the EZH2 expression in the cisplatin-injured kidneys. Furthermore, the ChIP assay displayed that EZH2 may indirectly interact with AhR promoter region by affecting H3K27me3. The direct recruitment between H3K27me3 and AhR promoter is higher in the kidneys of control than that of cisplatin mice, suggesting EZH2 could reversely regulate the AhR expression through weakening H3K27me3 transcriptional inhibition on AhR promoter. Collectively, the present study implicated that AhR and EZH2 have mutual regulation, which further accelerated tubular cellular senescence in cisplatin-induced AKI.
CENPF Knockdown Inhibits Adriamycin Chemoresistance in Triple Negative Breast Cancer mediated by Rb-E2F1 Axis
Authors: Wang Depeng , Xu Wei , Huang Minghua , Ma Wei , Liu Yulu , Zhou Xingchen , Yang Qingrui , Mu Kun
Published: August 2022

Background:
Frequent developed resistance leads to early relapse and short survival in Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Targeting DNA damage response (DDR) has become an effective strategy for overcoming TNBC chemoresistance. CENPF (centromere protein) is a key regulator of cell cycle progression, but its role in TNBC chemotherapy resistance remains unclear.
Methods:
We Used bioinformatics, immunohistochemical staining and real-time quantitative PCR analysis to explore the expression of CENPF in triple negative breast cancer tissues and cells. Then, we analyze the relationship between CENPF expression with clinicopathological parameters and survival prognosis of patients. The effects of CENPF on the proliferation, apoptosis, cycle, and drug sensitivity of triple negative breast cancer cells were detected in vitro. The chemoresistance mechanisms of CENPF in TNBC cells was evaluated by immunoblottin, immunofluorescence co-localization, and co-immunoprecipitation .
Results:
Here we found CENPF, highly expressed in TNBC, is associated with poor prognosis in patients receiving chemotherapy. And in vitro CENPF knockdown significantly increased adriamycin (ADR)-induced cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 and its ADR-resistant strains (MDA-MB-231/ADR). Then we demonstrated that CENPF targets Chk1-mediated G2/M phase arrest and binds to Rb for competing with E2F1 in TNBC. Collectively Considering crucial role of E2F1 in DNA damage response and DNA repair, a novel mechanism for CENPF to regulate Rb-E2F1 axis will provide new horizons to finally overcome chemotherapy resistance in TNBC.
Conclusion:
CENPF binds to Rb for competing with E2F1 and promotes Chk1 expression through the Rb/E2F1 axis to enhance chemoresistance to doxorubicin in TNBC.
Hybrid immunity at 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 exposure in individuals from the community treatment program
Authors: Chevaisrakul Parawee , Lumjiaktase Putthapoom , Kietdumrongwong Pongtorn , Chuatrisorn Ittiporn , Chatsangjaroen Pongsan , Phanuphak Nittaya
Published: August 2022

The death rate from SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) was lowered from 2021 to 2022, while the infection rate was increasing. Hybrid immunity, caused by vaccination and infection, including asymptomatic infection, may confer effective protection against death. We explored the combined effect of asymptomatic COVID-19 and hybrid immunity by studying T cell and antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in individuals treated in home healthcare service at 6 months after COVID-19.ResultsAsymptomatic COVID-19 was demonstrated in 24.4% of closed contacts. The levels of immunity were comparable between COVID-19 patients and close contacts. Anti RBD IgG against SARS-CoV-2 virus increased dose dependently to the numbers of vaccination, in contrast to T cell response that decreased at early period after vaccine booster.ConclusionsAsymptomatic COVID-19 may not contribute to immunity against SAR-CoV-2 developed in vaccinated close contacts. However, when designing vaccine strategies, T cell exhaustion after multiple vaccinations is a point of concern.
ANGPTL4 is a potential driver of HCV-induced peripheral insulin resistance
Authors: Gomes Diana , Sobolewski Cyril , Conzelmann Stéphanie , Schaer Tifany , Lefai Etienne , Alfaiate Dulce , Tseligka Eirini D. , Goossens Nicolas , Negro Francesco , Foti Michelangelo , Clément Sophie
Published: August 2022

Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is associated with the development of metabolic disorders, including both hepatic and extra-hepatic insulin resistance (IR). Here, we aimed at identifying liver-derived factor(s) potentially inducing peripheral IR and uncovering the mechanisms whereby HCV can regulate the action of these factors. We found ANGPTL4 (Angiopoietin Like 4) mRNA expression levels to positively correlate with HCV RNA (r = 0.46, p < 0.03) and HOMA-IR score (r = 0.51, p = 0.01) in liver biopsies of lean CHC patients. Moreover, we observed an upregulation of ANGPTL4 expression in two models recapitulating HCV-induced peripheral IR, i.e. mice expressing core protein of HCV genotype 3a (HCV-3a core) in hepatocytes and hepatoma cells transduced with HCV-3a core. Treatment of differentiated myocytes with recombinant ANGPTL4 reduced insulin-induced Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation. In contrast, conditioned medium from ANGPTL4-KO hepatoma cells prevented muscle cells from HCV-3a core induced IR. Treatment of HCV-3a core expressing HepG2 cells with PPARγ antagonist resulted in a decrease of HCV-core induced ANGPTL4 upregulation. Together, our data identified ANGPTL4 as a potential driver of HCV-induced IR and may provide working hypotheses aimed at understanding the pathogenesis of IR in the setting of other chronic liver disorders.
Risk of Falls and Associated Factors Among Older Colombian Adults: A Secondary Sabe Analysis
Authors: Díaz-Vidal Diana , Tadger Philippe , Quino-Ávila Aura Cristina , Sandoval-Cuellar Carolina , Alfonso-Mora Margareth Lorena , Monsalve-Jaramillo Eliana
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Falls among the elderly are involuntary events that have a negative impact on their health, necessitating identification of their risk. Objective: To determine which factors are associated with the risk of falling in older Colombian adults. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the SABE-Colombia study of 18,049 older adults, where the risk of falling was determined using the Downton scale and its association was investigated with variables such as age, height, weight, weight loss, alcohol consumption (in days), years of tobacco use, calf circumference, Barthel Index, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), signs and symptoms, fear of falling, and architectural barriers outside and inside the home. The Lasso method was used to perform multiple analyses on the selected variables. Results: Being independent in performing basic ADL, as measured by the Barthel Index [odds ratio (OR): 92%], the absence of dangers at home (OR: 98%), needing assistance for medication management (OR: 66%) and transportation (OR: 83%), having a weight above the average of 78.15 kg (OR: 99%), and fewer years as a smoker (OR: 99%) showed no positive association with the risk of falling. Conclusions: Age, back pain, calf circumference, difficulty sleeping, dizziness, fear of falling, needing assistance walking 400 m, shortness of breath while awake, and tiredness are the variables associated with the risk of falling.