bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis Method and Experimental Research of Ku-band Antennas Based on Tensorial Metasurfaces
Authors:   Kirensky Institute of Physics SB RAS, Lemberg Konstantin V.
Published: February 2022

Antennas based on metasurfaces with tensorial impedance is a relatively new type of antennas appeared in the last decade. They have a simple design, but a complex synthesis procedure. The synthesis procedure can be based on analysis of the properties of waves in periodic structures or on representing the antenna as a phase hologram. Due to the novelty of this type of antennas, researching of various synthesis methods, obtaining new experimental results and on their basis assessment of realistically achievable characteristics is of interest. The purpose of the work was an experimental research of antennas based on metasurfaces with tensorial surface impedance, synthesized according to the method proposed by the authors. To carry out the research, mathematical modeling, electrodynamic modeling, and nearfield measurements of antenna prototypes were used. As a result, it was experimentally confirmed that the proposed tensorial metasurface antennas synthesis method makes it possible to obtain antennas with a given radiation direction and polarization, which have an aperture efficiency of up to 50 %, a bandwidth of up to 8 %, and a cross-polarization level below minus 20 dB. The results of measurements are in a good agreement with the electrodynamic calculation and the parameters specified during the synthesis. The type of antennas described in the work and the given synthesis method, according to the authors, are promising for various applications, for example, in satellite and mobile communications
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre toxoplasmosis en dos comunas de Armenia, Quindío, con alta prevalencia de la infección
Authors: Celis-Giraldo Daniel , García L´´opez Laura Lorena , Valencia Hernández Juan David , Acosta Dávila John Alejandro , Vargas Montes Mónica , Gómez Marín Jorge Enrique
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Describir los conocimientos, las actitudes y las prácticas acerca de la toxoplasmosis en dos comunas de Armenia, Quindío, con alta prevalencia de la infección.
Metodología: Estudio descriptivo con población de dos comunas de Armenia, Quindío. Se aplicó un cuestionario autodiligenciado tipo conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas. Esta herramienta incluyó elementos sobre el parásito Toxoplasma gondii, sus vías de transmisión, aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos y de tratamiento generales, así como prácticas para evitar la infección. El instrumento se aplicó antes y después de una intervención educativa. Se describieron las frecuencias en el número de respuestas correctas antes y después de la intervención para cada comuna.
Resultados: Participaron 27 personas, con una media de edad de 57 años. El 59 % fueron mujeres. El 48% había completado la educación media y el 40,7 % la primaria. El conocimiento del agente causal antes de la intervención fue del 22 %, mientras que posterior a la intervención fue del 92,3 % en la comuna 1 y del 81,8 % en la comuna 6. Posterior a la intervención, cerca del 90 % de los encuestados reconoció la retina como la principal estructura afectada y todos los encuestados reconocieron el consumo de agua hervida como factor protector.
Conclusión: Los conocimientos sobre la toxoplasmosis en las dos comunas eran limitados. Luego de la intervención educativa, se evidenció un aumento en el porcentaje de respuestas correctas en la mayoría de las preguntas. Se recomienda realizar nuevas intervenciones educativas y en salud pública, para evaluar los efectos de estas a largo plazo.
EDUCATIONAL MIGRATION: UKRAINE IN THE SYSTEM OF GENERAL TRENDS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Lyubitseva Olha , Kochetkova Iryna ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: February 2022

Objectives of the article: to analyze the migration process in Ukraine in order to obtain education against the background of the global process in the educational sphere and the general migration process for compliance with general migration trends. The research methodology is based on the processing of analytical and statistical materials from various sources, both national and foreign, using methods of analysis, synthesis, statistical processing of information. Research results. It has been established that educational migrations are a dynamically developing process since the end of the twentieth century, to which more and more countries are joining. This trend is also inherent in Ukraine, where educational migration has been developing dynamically throughout the 21st century. The factors influencing the external mobility of students are the military-political and economic crisis. Students go to study mainly to neighboring countries. Educational migration processes from Ukraine in their dynamics and geography correspond to the trends characteristic of labor migrations. The geography of educational migrations to Ukraine is also expanding and flows are increasing, although they are much smaller in volume than educational flows from Ukraine. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the identification of correlations between the general trends of the migration process and educational migration. The practical significance of the results obtained is aimed at drawing attention to the problem of the outflow of youth, which is the demographic, labor and intellectual potential of the nation, abroad.
PROFESSOR ALEXANDER ZUPAN (1847-1920): LIFE AND WORK IN GEOGRAPHY
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Rudenko Valerii , Bilous Viktoriia ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University
Published: February 2022

Purpose. Analysis of the scientific achievements of scientists-geographers who have left a significant mark in the development of domestic and world scientific thought, due to the need to determine its historical formation and identify future vectors of development. That is why the purpose of our article is to present the results of the study of the scientific heritage of Professor Alexander Zupan, as an outstanding scientist in the field of geography. Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of an analysis of available literature sources on this topic, as well as the works of scientists in the field of geography and partly in the field of history. In particular, the article used such methods of geographical research as analysis, historical and literary. Results. The article highlights the life of Alexander Zupan - a famous geographer of the Austrian period, who worked not only in Austria, Germany, Slovenia but also in Ukraine, namely in Chernivtsi. During his life, Alexander Zupan went from teacher to professor, making a significant contribution to the development of physical, social and political geography, climatology, as well as the development of school geographical education. In total, his scientific achievements include more than 30 works. Much of the work has been republished several times. The scientific works "Fundamentals of Physical Geography", "Textbook of Geography on the Principles of Modern Science for Austrian Secondary Schools", "Wind Statistics in the Lower Troposphere" and others deserve special attention. For his scientific contribution he was awarded the scientific prize of the German Academy of Naturalists "Leopoldin" "Medal of Kotenius". The main scientific ideas of the scientist date back to the period of work as the editor of the famous geographical journal "Petermanns Mitteilungen". But it is also worth noting that it was Zupan who introduced branch geographical courses in physical geography, orography, geographical morphology, climatology, oceanology, ethnology, regional courses in European geography, and others at Chernivtsi University. Scientific novelty. For the first time in Ukraine, we conducted a detailed analysis of the scientific heritage and life of Professor Oleksandr Zupan, because his figure is little studied in Ukrainian geographical science. The рractical significance. Analysis of the scientific achievements of geographers allows to deepen knowledge of the theory of Ukrainian geography and assess their contribution to the development of important areas of geographical science. Knowledge of Alexander Zupan's scientific work is important from the point of view of using his main ideas in modern theoretical and scientific-practical research.
Experimental Evaluation of Locally Synthesized Biodiesel Drilling Fluid
Authors: Duru Ugochukwu I. , Nduwuba George O. , Onyejekwe Ifeanyichukwu M. , Ikpeka Princewill M.
Published: February 2022

Diesel oil has been the preferred base fluid for the formulation of oil-based drilling mud. Diesel oil has negative effects on the environment and there is a growing need for more environmentally sustainable alternatives that can be technically compared to diesel base oil. In recent times, the use of vegetable oils as drilling fluid base oil has been of interest. In this study, 1378 kg/m3 of palm kernel oil-based mud (PKOBM) and palm kernel oil biodiesel based mud (BDBM) were experimentally formulated. BDBM was synthesized by the transesterification of vegetable (palm kernel) oil. The performance of PKOBM and BDBM was then evaluated against conventional diesel oil-based mud (DOBM). The evaluation performed was based on the rheological, filtration and wall building properties, emulsion and thermal stabilities, and acute toxicity of the formulated drilling fluid systems. The results obtained from the study reveal that the mud systems (PKOBM and BDBM) show a typical Herschel-Bulkley (modified power-law) drilling mud rheological pattern at temperatures of 49°C, 66°C and 80°C. BDBM showed comparable rheological properties with better hole cleaning capacity as indicated by a lower flow index. For the filtrate loss test, BDBM exhibited a slightly lower filtrate loss compared to DOBM, whereas PKOBM had a higher fluid loss of 4.4 ml. For the filter cake and thermal stability test, there were no significant changes between DOBM and BDBM, whereas PKOBM had the least desirable performance. BDBM exhibited the most stable emulsion of 1274 volts breaking voltage and PKOBM, the least with 739 volts compared to 1169 volts breaking voltage of DOBM. This study concludes that BDBM could be used as an environmentally sustainable substitute for diesel oil-based mud (DOBM).
Prediction of the Height of Fracturing via Gene Expression Programming in Australian Longwall Panels: A Comparative Study
Authors: Rasouli Hadi , Shahriar Kourosh , Madani Sayyed Hasan
Published: February 2022

The caving and subsidence developments above a longwall panel usually result in fractures of the overburden, which decrease the strength of the rock mass and its function. The height of fracturing (HoF) includes the caved and continuous fractured zones affected by a high degree of bending. Among the various empirical models, Ditton’s geometry and geology models are widely used in Australian coalfields. The application of genetic programming (GP) and gene expression programming (GEP) in longwall mining is entirely new and original. This work uses a GEP method in order to predict HoF. The model variables, including the panel width (W), cover depth (H), mining height (T), unit thickness (t), and its distance from the extracted seam (y), are selected via the dimensional analysis and Buckingham’s P-theorem. A dataset involving 31 longwall panels is used to present a new nonlinear regression function. The statistical estimators, including the coefficient of determination (R2), the average error (AE), the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and the root mean square error (RMSE), are used to compare the performance of the discussed models. The R2 value for the GEP model (99%) is considerably higher than the corresponding values of Ditton’s geometry (61%) and geology (81%) models. Moreover, the maximum values of the statistical error estimators (AE, MAPE, and RMSE) for the GEP model are 12%, 14%, and 16%, respectively, of the corresponding values of Ditton’s models.
Modern approaches to the surgical treatment of large full-thickness macular holes
Authors: Samoylov Aleksandr  N , Khaibrakhmanov Timur R , Khaibrakhmanova Gul'chachak A , Samoylova Polina A
Published: February 2022

Vitreoretinal surgery is an actively developing area of modern ophthalmic surgery. Intravitreal interventions in the central retina with large full-thickness macular holes deserve special attention. This article provides an overview of the scientific literature published in journals recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission, also presented in the scientific databases Scopus, PubMed, dedicated to modern techniques to the surgical treatment of large full-thickness macular holes. The main methods for closing defects in the macular area today are the use of various modifications of the inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique and the application of autologous platelet rich plasma in a macular hole. These techniques provide high anatomical and functional outcomes. Modifications of the inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique demonstrated effectiveness in such complex clinical situations as recurrent macular holes, concomitant high myopia, retinal detachment. Over the past 10 years, data on the use of autologous platelet-rich plasma for this group of patients appeared in the scientific literature. More accurate surgical procedures are required for the use of this technique compared with the standard methods, but this technique is applicable in all patients, does not require additional manipulations (blood sampling and centrifugation), additional equipment. Vitreoretinal interventions with the use of platelet-rich plasma are characterized by relative simplicity and ease of carrying out surgical procedures. However, it is important to consider the possibility of pseudouveitis development, the need for additional equipment. Since both of these methods demonstrate good anatomical results, the problem of choosing a technique in a particular clinical case remains. It was clear that the method of surgical intervention should be chosen, taking into account possible disadvantages and limitations to the method, as well as the skills of an ophthalmic surgeon. The lack of a unified approach to macular hole surgery encourages researchers to improve surgical techniques, develop and implement new modifications of surgical approaches.
Features of the anti-erythrocyte antibodies screening results interpretation in patients with ­hematological diseases
Authors: Krobinets Irina I , Mineeva Natalya  V , Bodrova Natalya  N , Sisoeva Elena  A , Gavrovskaya Svetlana  V. , Sidorkevich Sergey  V , Bessmeltsev Stanislav  S
Published: February 2022

Background.Screening for anti-erythrocyte alloantibodies is a mandatory pre-transfusion test. The correct interpretation of the screening results plays a key role in ensuring the immunological safety of hemotransfusion therapy.
Aim. To study the features of anti-erythrocyte antibodies detection in patients with hematological diseases.
Material and methods. The study was performed with blood samples of 1269 patients with hematological diseases (569 male and 700 female patients aged 1885 with a median of 63 years). Screening and identification were carried out in indirect antiglobulin test using ID Coombs Anti-IgG gel cards with 4 and 15 samples of test erythrocytes as well as the salt agglutination method. The results were evaluated visually. The Pearson chi-squared test was used to check the statistical significance of differences in the alloimmune anti-erythrocyte antibodies frequency detection. The differences were considered statistically significant at p 0.05.
Results. Interpretation of the anti-erythrocyte alloantibodies screening results was difficult in 6.55% of cases and was associated with the presence of autoantibodies in plasma (0.6%) and cross-reactive antibodies (5.9%). Аnti-erythrocyte alloantibodies were detected in 2.05% of cases which required further identification of antibody specificity. Antibodies to Rh system antigens were detected in 68.2% of cases, to antigens of other erythrocyte systems in 31.8% of cases. In Rh-negative patients only anti-D or anti-DC antibodies were detected. Rh-positive patients were more likely to have anti-K antibodies (30%). Anti-E antibodies were discovered in 20% of cases, anti-Cw and anti-Fya in 10% each. Alloantibodies were detected most frequently in patients with -thalassemia (20%), aplastic anemia (13%), hemophilia (9.2%) and thrombophilia (6.9%) and less frequently in patients with hemoblastosis and hematopoiesis depression (0.32.4%). Cross-reacting antibodies were detected more frequently in patients with multiple myeloma (74.7%; p 0.05) than in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (17.3%), myelodysplastic syndrome (5.3%), and acute leukemia (2.7%).
Conclusion. The reasons for the difficulties in interpreting the alloantibody screening results in hematological patients were the presence of autoantibodies (0.6%), alloantibodies (2.05%) and cross-reacting antibodies (5.9%).
Evaluation of long-term treatment results of patients with critical limb ischemia and diabetes mellitus with different management approaches
Authors: Kalinin Roman E , Suchkov Igor A , Krylov Andrey A , Mzhavanadze Nina D , Pshennikov Alexander  S , Vinogradov Sergey A , Solyanik Nikita A. , Karpov Vyacheslav V
Published: February 2022

Background. In all cases of critical lower limb ischemia revascularization should be performed. However, the overlay of diabetic angiopathy significantly worsens the prognosis of the surgery, and the conservative therapy also frequently turns out to be ineffective even in the nearest future. Therapeutic stimulation of angiogenesis in this group of patients is an additional application point for the possible improvement of treatment results.
Aim. Evaluating treatment results of patients with critical ischemia and underlying diabetes after 5 years from the beginning of supervising, as well as assessing the benefits of additional angiogenesis as a part of treatment.
Material and methods. The study included data from 140 patients with critical ischemia and diabetes mellitus, divided into 4 groups, who received surgical [groups IA (n=45) and IB (n=30)] or therapeutic [groups IIA (n=40) and IIB (n=25)] treatment. Additional angiogenic therapy was also carried out in two groups (groups IB and IIB). Treatment outcomes were assessed over a 5-year period. Efficacy criteria were evaluated in the form of limb preservation and patient survival. The results were studied using descriptive statistics methods. Qualitative data were analyzed by constructing 22 contingency tables and using the xi-square method.
Results. The best indices of limb preservation and the lowest mortality of patients were obtained in the group after revascularization with additional angiogenic therapy. Gene therapy induction significantly improved the course of disease in limb preservation for periods from 6 months to 2 years (30% amputations by 2 years of follow-up, p=0.045). Angiogenic induction of angiogenesis also made it possible to improve the treatment results in the groups of conservative therapy but reliably better indicators of limb preservation were obtained in two groups with surgical interventions.
Conclusion. The optimal management tactic for patients with critical lower limb ischemia and underlying diabetes mellitus is direct revascularizing intervention on the lower limb arteries with additional angiogenic therapy in the postoperative period. Additional gene therapy induction of angiogenesis makes it possible to reduce the number of amputations both as part of combined surgical or therapeutic treatment , but it cannot be an alternative to surgery.
Anatomical and morphometric variation of the orifice of the left atrial appendage
Authors: Iakimov Andrei A , Gaponov Anton  A
Published: February 2022

Background. Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the shape and size of the left atrial appendage orifice, along with the relationship of its size with the number of left atrial appendage lobes, the size of its neck, the left atrioventricular orifice, the left atrioventricular fibrous ring and the distance to it, as well as with the overall dimensions of the heart is important in personalized surgical planning for the installation of occluder device and left atrial appendage clipping to prevent thromboembolic complications.
Aim. To identify anatomical variations in the shape and size of the left atrial appendage orifice and analyze the dependence of these parameters on the number of left atrial appendage lobes, cardiac dimensions, mitral orifice area and the distance from the orifice to the left atrioventricular fibrous ring.
Material and methods. We studied 37 heart specimens fixed in 10% formalin in adults who died of non-cardiac causes. Morphometry was performed by an ShTsTs-1-200 digital calliper, drawing needle calliper and 4UM goniometer. We used nonparametric analysis of variance, Spearman correlation coefficient (Rs), univariate regression analysis, cross-tabulation analysis. The results are presented as the mean and standard deviation. The significance of differences was assessed by using the MannWhitney U-test.
Results. The left atrial appendage was single-lobed in 16.2% of cases, two-lobed in 62.2%, and three-lobed in 18.9%. The length of the orifice was 12.74.03 mm, and the width was 9.53.62 mm. The elliptical shaped orifices were 3.1 times more common than round ones (28/37 and 9/37, p=0.0027). In 17 of 28, oval orifices were located predominantly horizontally, in nine predominantly vertical, in one case obliquely. Vertically oriented orifices were significantly longer and slightly wider compared with others. The number of the left atrial appendage lobes was not a reliable predictor for the orifice shape (p=0.055). The size of the appendage orifice, variants of its shape and the distance to the left atrioventricular opening were unrelated to each other. The length and width of the orifice were correlated with each other (Rs 0.68) and correlated with the diameters of the left atrioventricular fibrous ring size. The orifice length correlated with the length of the ventricular complex (Rs 0.47) and heart width (Rs 0.53). The orifice width correlated only with the heart width (Rs 0.4) but not with other dimensions. As the length and width of the ventricular complex increased, the orifice length increased exponentially. The distance from the left atrial appendage orifice to the left atrioventricular opening did not depend on either the orifice shape or its orientation.
Conclusion. In a normal human adult heart, the shape of the left atrial appendage orifice was oval, less often round, and the size of the orifice depends on the length and the width of the ventricles.
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol — friend or enemy?
Authors: Murzakhanova Adela F , Oslopov Vladimir N , Sergienko Konstantin  S , Khazova Elena V , Oslopova Julia V
Published: February 2022

The article provides a review of the literature on the effect of excess and deficiency of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular pathology. Information about high-density lipoproteins structure, function, antiatherogenic role and the prospect of using various high-density lipoproteins subclasses in the pharmacotherapy of dyslipidemic conditions are also described. It is proven that a lowered level of such cholesterol is a predictor of cardiovascular disease. At the same time, many observations confirm the correlation between elevated high-density lipoprotein levels and mortality from myocardial infarction and other acute cardiovascular conditions. In large studies, the use of cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitors and other drugs increased the level of high-density lipoprotein, but the unreduced risk of cardiovascular disease confirms the lack of positive results from the use as a therapeutic target. In addition, it was found that the composition of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol protein differs in healthy and diseased people: it becomes dysfunctional, losing its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in diseased individuals. The atheroprotective activity of properly functioning high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is often impaired in clinical situations associated with oxidative stress. In these cases, high-density lipoproteins can have some changes, and even if the quantity is within the normal range, the quality is no longer the same. Thus, it is necessary to identify a better therapeutic target than high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, as there is currently insufficient clinical trial data to recommend targeted high-density lipoprotein therapy.
Broccoli Seedling Production in Response to Recognised Organic Inputs
Authors: Rodríguez-Ortiz Juan Carlos
Published: February 2022

This study evaluated the production of seedlings broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) with organic inputs. The inputs were as follows; a) growth medium, consisting of Sphagnum peat (Pro Moss TBK®) mixed with poultry manure compost (Vertia® brand) in a) 90:10 and 80:20 ratios; b) biofungicide Trichoderma harzianum Rifai (Natucontrol® brand) at doses of 1.5 and 3 g/L water per 338-cavity polystyrene tray; and c) complementary nutrition applied in irrigation with poultry manure tea at doses of 0.5 and 1 dS/m per tray every two days. Control set was a ‘typical management’ control based on peat (100%) as a growing medium with the application of conventional fertiliser (1 g/L of Tricel® 20 every two days) and conventional fungicide Mancozeb as a damping-off preventative (1 g/L per tray). The seedling growth, relative chlorophyll content, photosystem II quantum yield, and morphological indicators showed that the eight treatments with recognised organic inputs performed significantly better than the control (p<0.05). The use of peat substrate mixed with poultry manure (80:20 ratio) with inoculation of T. harzianum at a dose of 1.5–3 g/L and with application of poultry manure tea at a dose of 1 dS/m yielded the best results. We determined that it is possible to obtain quality broccoli seedlings with the inputs recognised for certified organic agriculture. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
The Effect of Phosgreen Fertilization on the Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
Authors: Jama-Rodzeńska Anna
Published: February 2022

The effect of Phosgreen fertilizer on the growth, development and biometric traits of lettuce was determined in comparison to superphosphate on two selected horticultural media. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of Phosgreen on the basis of the reaction of tested plants. Lettuce was grown on two horticultural media: mineral soil and deacidified peat. This study determined phosphorus content and uptake as a phosphorus fertilizer effect on different horticultural media. Lettuce developed and grew better on deacidified peat. Based on this study, it can be concluded that struvite is a phosphorus fertilizer with great potential and warrants further testing. A significant increase in lettuce head mass, number of leaves and rosette width under the influence of struvite was found compared to control conditions. The increase in rosette mass compared to the control was approximately 54%. The width of the rosette increased by circa 32% due to the use of Phosgreen compared to the control and by 3% compared to superphosphate. Both P content and uptake by lettuce under Phosgreen was comparable to that under superphosphate. Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd content in lettuce leaves under Phosgreen fertilization was comparable to that under superphosphate. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers
Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density Effects on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency of Direct Seeded Rape (Brassica napus)
Authors: Zhao Qian
Published: February 2022

The high yield of crops mainly depends on the interaction between nitrogen (N) fertilization and planting density. The present study evaluated the influence of different N application rates and planting density on the yield and N utilization efficiency of direct seeded rape during the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 growing seasons. The three N application rates including 108 kg N ha−1, 144 kg N ha−1 and 180 kg N ha−1 were laid out into main plots while planting density including 15.0 × 104, 22.5 × 104, 30.0 × 104 and 37.5 × 104 plants ha−1 respectively into sub-plots. The results showed that suitable planting density was the premise to gain high rapeseed yield and the contribution of planting density to rapeseed yield was small when it surpassed a certain value. The highest yield in the two growing seasons was achieved at 144 kg N ha−1 with planting density of 30.0 × 104 plants ha−1. The rapeseed yield increased linearly as N uptake of the seed part increased, but at high planting density, there was no increase in yield with the increase N uptake of non-seed parts (stem + husk) when rapeseed yield exceeded a certain value. High planting densities raised shoot N uptake and N transfer to rapeseed seeds with the increase of density and N utilization efficiency was also improved. The too much N application resulted in more N accumulation in non-seed parts without increasing production. Under the same target yield, the increased planting density can save 32.4–65.7% of N fertilization compared with the conventional planting density. The combination of different N fertilization rates and planting densities is helpful to increase rapeseed yield. The best N management strategy is to achieve high yield and reduce the environmental risk to reduce the N fertilization at suitable high density. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers
Role of C-reactive protein in acute pancreatitis: an observational study in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Dogra Varun , Peer Javid Ahmad , Gilkar Ishfaq Ahmed , Mushtaq Umer
Published: February 2022

Background: Acute pancreatitis is significant reason for intense abdominal torment. The job of diagnostic markers (pancreatic enzymes like amylase and lipase) as prognostic pointers has been a disappointment. C-reactive protein (CRP) assessment is modest and effective option. In this concentrate we have endeavored to check whether a solitary and early assessment of CRP levels is a viable indicator of morbidity and mortality in acute pancreatitis.Methods: This was a prospective observational study done at Government Medical College Srinagar Kashmir for a period of three years from May 2015 to April 2018. Fifty patients diagnosed to have acute pancreatitis were included in this study. Their CRP levels were sent on second day of admission and computed tomography (CT) scan done after 72 hours of admission. Demographic variables were recorded along with local and systemic complications and compared with CRP levels.Results: In this study of 50 patients, we found that most of the patients of pancreatitis were young to middle aged males, a majority of whom belonged to fourth decade of life. We found that levels of CRP rise as age and severity progresses. CRP levels also remains on higher side in various local complications like necrosis, acute fluid collection etc., however a statistical significance could not be ascertained.Conclusions: Acute Pancreatitis is a life-threatening disease with a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms. C Reactive Protein as a prognostic marker has shown promising results in earlier studies. There is an need to further study its role so as to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with acute pancreatitis.
Autologous skin micro-grafts and allogenic skin allograft for mitten hand deformity treatment in epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Leibig Nico , Stark G. Björn , Zajonc Horst , Frick Marcel , Kiritsi Dimitra , Lampert Florian M.
Published: February 2022

Background: In the genetic skin blistering disorder dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa recurrent blisters and erosions on mechanically stressed areas, as the hands, result in subsequent scarring and development of pseudosyndactylies and contractures. In its most severe form, all fingers are constrained into a fist of scarred (“mitten-hand”-deformity). No causative therapy exists and only a surgical release of the fingers is possible. Hereby, the development of large skin defects is inevitable; the lack of healthy autologous skin for grafting remains a difficult challenge.

Methods: We propose a new technique: It adopts a treatment strategy from the therapy of large extent burns and consists of a combination of autogenic and allogenic skin grafting.

Results: We present a beneficial outcome in 18 mitten hand deformities treated with this technique. In all patients, the initial functional outcome was improved. Nearly all patients got a considerably widened grip span and durable skin conditions post-operatively. Mean follow-up was 3 years. Typically, recurrence of the scarring occurred from 6 months to 2 years after operation.

Conclusions: This is the first report on the use of the combination of autogenous pinch skin grafts with allogenic (parental) skin overlay for skin defects in EB. It provides undisturbed wound healing under a “biological dressing”, furthermore, a temporary take of the parental skin was visible. Defects were permanently covered with skin of increased mechanical stability, hand function improved remarkably. However, long term follow-up showed beginning recurrence in most of the patients comparable to recurrence rates described in the literature.
Lipoprotein (a) levels in newly diagnosed treatment naive type 2 diabetics & it’s correlation with glycemic & lipid parameters
Authors: Saha Avijit
Published: February 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a high morbidity and mortality mainly due to cardiovascular diseases. Besides traditional risk factors, Lp(a) has recently been emerged as an independent risk factor. This study aimed to evaluate the incidences of elevated Lp(a) levels in newly diagnosed T2DM Pts and to find the pattern of lipid profile abnormalities associated with elevated Lp(a) group of pts & it’s correlation with glycemic & lipid parameters.

This present study was conducted in newly diagnosed treatment naïve type 2 diabetic patients. After obtaining informed consent, all participants completed a survey to obtain anthropometric & clinical information. Venous blood samples were drawn for fasting plasma glucose, postprandial glucose, HbA1c,lipid profile & Lp(a) measurements.

A total 70 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic pts & 50 healthy controls were studied. The mean Lp(a)level measured among diabetics was 34.17 ±33.25 mg/dl. The mean concentration of Lp(a) in diabetics was significantly higher than control group(<0.001). Lp(a) was positively correlated with 2hr PP glucose, HbA1c and these correlations were statistically significant. The Lp(a) was negatively correlated with HDLc & this correlation was statistically significant(0.04).

Our study demonstrated Type 2 diabetics had statistically significant higher levels of Lp(a). The residual lipid risk is probably contributed by this molecule So, every diabetic should have checked their level at least once in a lifetime to predict CV risk.
Awareness and knowledge regarding cataract and glaucoma in patients visiting outpatient department of a tertiary healthcare center
Authors: Dave Aarti H , Shah Surohi K. , Desai Hemaxi P , Chaturvedi Naina S. , Jariwala Disha R.
Published: February 2022

To assess the awareness and knowledge regarding cataract and glaucoma in patients visiting OPD of a tertiary healthcare centre.

A questionnaire based survey, involving 100 patients visiting OPD was conducted through random sampling. The questionnaire was structured to evaluate the level of awareness and knowledge about cataract and glaucoma and the effect of gender, education status, occupation, family history and diagnosis of the above diseases on awareness was studied. The source of awareness was also questioned.

Of the 100 patients enrolled for the survey, responses from the participants were evaluated. A total of 73% and 39% patients were aware about cataract and glaucoma respectively, whereas a total of 67% and 27% were qualified as having knowledge about cataract and glaucoma respectively as per the set questionnaire and criteria. Education, occupation, diagnosis and family history are the variables significantly correlated with the awareness and knowledge of cataract and glaucoma. 85% of the patients having awareness about both cataract and glaucoma were well educated. Out of the patients having cataract awareness, 52.23% were also aware about glaucoma.

Awareness and knowledge about glaucoma was low in comparison to cataract. The level of education has an impact on the level of awareness. The study findings stress the need to spread awareness about cataract and glaucoma in the community for its diagnosis and treatment and thus prevent blindness due to cataract and glaucoma.
The position of professor V. A. Lazareva on the collection of evidence in general can be supported, but...
Authors: Rossinskiy S. B.
Published: February 2022

This article is a kind of scientific answer to the recently published work of Professor V. A. Lazareva, in which, once again, questions were raised concerning the essence and content of the collection of evidence as the first stage of the entire process of proving in a criminal case. The author of the article expresses general solidarity with the position of V. A. Lazareva, advocating the differentiation of mechanisms for collecting various types of evidence depending on the sources of perceived information, that is, for the lack of identity between the categories collecting evidence and forming evidence ... However, some of the arguments analyzed in the article, which V. A. Lazareva uses to substantiate her position, do not seem entirely reasonable, prompting a discussion. At the same time, despite some variability and different shades of judgments expressed, the author of this article considers Professor V. A. Lazareva to be his scientific ally and like-minded person, at the same time counting on reciprocity on the part of a respected scientist.
Judicial practice in criminal and other types of legal proceedings: prospects for convergence
Authors: Sharipova A. R.
Published: February 2022

The doctrine of judicial law presupposes, in the main, the unification of procedural laws. The author notes that judicial law in the form of judicial practice is also an object of convergence. There are three types of differences in judicial practice temporary, territorial and sectoral. The article clarifies the reasons for the difficulties of convergence of judicial practice of various types of legal proceedings. It is stated that intersectoral uniformity, or at least the absence of obvious contradictions, is one of the main goals of the judicial reforms in recent years. It is established that the main problem of the intersectoral lack of uniformity is different interpretations of the same substantive law in criminal, civil, arbitration and administrative proceedings. The main content is devoted to the analysis of examples of different approaches to common substantive legal problems (using examples of civil, tax law) in criminal cases and in other types of court cases. The author concludes that it is necessary to overcome the closedness of judicial practice on itself within each of the types of legal proceedings, the inadmissibility of different interpretations of substantive legal norms in criminal and other types of legal proceedings.
Prosecutorial activity in the light of additional guarantees of proper execution at the federal level of decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
Authors: Semenov A. S.
Published: February 2022

The article considers the prosecutor's activity in the context of the proper execution at the federal level of decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation (the highest judicial body of constitutional control), taking into account additional guarantees established by the legislator. Ensuring that law enforcement agencies take into account the positions of the supreme judicial body of constitutional control within the framework of the current legal system is a necessary element of maintaining the rule of law and order in the country. A special role in this process is assigned to the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation, which interacts with the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation within its competence, can inform the President of the Russian Federation in appropriate cases, and also applies response measures against supervised federal state authorities. The author also analyzes the reasons for the improper execution of decisions of the supreme judicial body of constitutional control, which are highlighted in scientific publications on this issue.
Study of changes of internal resistance of lithium sulphur cells during galvanostatic cycling by pulsed method
Authors:   Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Ufa RAS Scientific Center, Kolosnitsyn Vladimir Sergeevich , Kuz'mina Elena Vladimirovna ,   Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Ufa RAS Scientific Center, Mochalov Sergei Ernstovich ,   Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Ufa RAS Scientific Center
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we investigated the possibility of determining the internal resistance of the battery by pulsed method with followed Fourier transformation in transition characteristics. The changes of internal resistance of lithium sulfur cells were studied in dependence on the discharge and charge depths during continuous cycling by proposed method. It was shown that the internal resistance of lithium sulfur cell was maximal at the point corresponding to the transition between high-voltage and low-voltage plateaus both at the charge curves and at the discharge curves. The most significant increase in the internal resistance of lithium sulfur cells occurs at the initial stages of cycling. It was found that the internal resistance of lithium sulphur cell is governed by the way the state of charge is achieved. This is due to the difference in densities of products, generated in positive electrodes by electrochemical reactions at charge (d(S)=2.07 g/cm3) and discharge (d(Li2S)=1.63 g/cm3).
Electrolytic receiving silicon nanowires from KCl-KF-K2SiF6-SiO2 fusion as composite anodes for lithium-ion batteries
Authors:   Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry, UB of RAS, Chemezov O. V. , Isakov A. V. ,   Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry, UB of RAS, Apisarov A. P. ,   Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry, UB of RAS, Brezhestovsky M. S. ,   Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry, UB of RAS, Bushkova O. V. ,   Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry, UB of RAS, Batalov N. N. ,   Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry, UB of RAS, Zajkov Ju. P. ,   Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry, UB of RAS, Shashkin A. P. ,   Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry, UB of RAS
Published: February 2022

Silicon nano- and microwires have been obtained by KCl-KF-K2SiF6-SiO2 melt electrolysis in air; this material is suitable as anode component for lithium ion batteries. Optimal conditions of electrolysis were determined. Morphology, phase and chemical composition of silicon deposits were established. Electrochemical behavior of silicon nanowires as anode component was evaluated using solid polymer electrolyte cells.
The Influence of Environmental Management and Personal Health Education on the Incidence of Scabies at Boarding School
Authors: Nurapandi Adi , Kusumawaty Jajuk , Kusmiawatidi Novi , Rosmiati Rosmiati , Rahayu Yuyun , Lismayanti Lilis , Srinayanti Yanti
Published: February 2022

Scabies is a skin disease that is global in nature. It is estimated that the prevalence of scabies worldwide reaches more than 300 million cases per year. Personal hygiene and poor environmental management can increase the risk of scabies. The provision of health education on personal hygiene and environmental management is one of the efforts to reduce the incidence of scabies. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of environmental management and personal hygiene education on the incidence of scabies at Islamic Boarding School Pangandaran. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a one group pretest-posttest design. The population was all students who suffer from scabies at the school, and a sample of 42 students was used. Data were analyzed using paired sample t test with a confidence level of 95% (α= 0.05). Based on the bivariate analysis, it was shown that before the environmental management intervention was given, almost all of the respondents (38 people – 90.5%) had a low level of habitual behavior. After the environmental management intervention was given, most of the respondents (28 people – 66.7%) had a higher level of habitual behavior than before environmental management. After education on personal hygiene, 22 respondents (52.4%) had a good level of knowledge and 20 (47.6%) had sufficient knowledge (p-value < 0.05). Therefore, environmental management and health education on personal hygiene can lead to a decrease in the incidence of scabies in Pondok Pesantren Riyadlussharf Walmantiq Pangandaran.
Keywords: scabies incidence, personal hygiene, environmental management, health education
Swaddling to Overcome the Challenges of Peripheral Venous Access in Infants: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ardlianawati Nurul , Casman Casman , Aji Hanggoro Rahmad , Fitri Atmasari Dimartari
Published: February 2022

Peripheral intravenous catheter insertion in children in the emergency room has a number of risks, and these increase while the infusion is given to infants. Health personnel attempt to cope with several difficulties in this situation. This study aimed to describe the difficulty of peripheral intravenous insertion factors as well as the interventions implemented to overcome these challenges. This study used a quantitative design with descriptive analysis. 34 nurses and four midwives participated in this study by filling out a questionnaire. According to the findings, the average respondent had four years of work experience and all respondents had infused infant patients in the emergency room in the previous two months. 44.7% of health workers identified venous characteristics of patients as a challenge and 44.1% identified active children as a challenge. Emergency room personnel use a venous viewer 50% of the time and a swaddle 44.7% of the time to overcome infusion difficulties. Due to the challenges of deep palpable veins and small veins, nurses use a vein viewer, whereas for active babies, nurses use the swaddling method.
Keywords: difficulty factors of venous insertion, swaddling, infants