bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF THE STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF CHIRAL METAMATERIALS ON THEIR PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Akhmetshin L. R. , Smolin I. Yu.
Published: October 2024

Metamaterials are artificially created materials which unusual properties are due to their geometric structure, not the chemical composition of the base material. The control of physical and mechanical properties through the structure is fundamental for metamate-rials. The tools of the numerical analysis used in this work overweigh experimental tests due to the automation of research, reduced material and financial costs. Here, a tetrachi-ral metamaterial is investigated under uniaxial compression conditions. The base materi-al is described as an elastic medium. An analysis of the influence of the metamaterial's structural organization on its mechanical response is carried out. To do this, two meth-ods of connecting unit cells are considered: "joining" and "overlapping". The following are selected for the analysis: (1) the tension – torsion coupling effect; (2) effective elastic properties (Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus); (3) porosity; and (4) the state of stress and strain. The porosity of the samples obtained by the "joining" method was 80 % and the "overlapping" method resulted in 84 %, the volume of the base material in the second case was 1.6 times larger. It was found that the tension – torsion coupling effect is affect-ed not only by the volume of the base material but also by the internal organization of the structure, namely, the versatile chirality of the touching faces of the unit cells. Analysis of the numerical experiment results showed that the three – dimensional samples have a zero value for the effective Poisson's ratio. The Young's modulus of the sample in which the cells were connected by the "joining" method turns out to be almost 2.7 times higher. Both samples can be described as an anisotropic medium with a lattice in the cubic sys-tem medium, which is shown by studying the properties of metamaterial samples when loaded along three orthogonal axes. The construction created by the "joining" method is characterized by a more heterogeneous pattern of stress distribution and presence of stronger stress concentrators.
THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL MODEL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES OF FORMING COPPER AND ELECTROСORUNDUM MICRO- AND NANOCOMPOSITE COATINGS
Authors: Molchanov E. K. , Vakhrushev A. V.
Published: October 2024

The article describes a mathematical model and the results of a numerical study of electrochemical, diffuse and kinetic processes of co-deposition of metallic copper and micro- and nanoparticles of electrocorundum on the surface of a metal electrode. A math-ematical apparatus for complex physical and chemical mathematical modeling of the processes accompanying the formation of nanocomposite coatings from copper sul-phate electrolytes is presented, i.e. the electrochemical deposition of metallic copper on the cathode surface, physical adsorption of micro- and nanoparticles on the cathode surface and growth of the coating layer. To describe the movement of the electrolyte, the k-ε model based on the averaged Reynolds equations with damping functions according to the Abe – Kondoh – Nagano model (k-ε AKN) was used. The modelling results are compared with the experimental data. The mathematical modeling results of the electro-chemical deposition of metallic copper Cu on a rotating cylindrical electrode are pre-sented. The mass transfer of the electroactive electrolyte ions occurs due to three main mechanisms: diffusion, migration and convection. Ion and particle mass transfer is de-scribed by the equations of convective diffusion and studied in the entire volume of the electrolytic bath. The cathodic and anodic processes are described on the basis of the tertiary current distribution. The mathematical modeling results of the joint electrochemi-cal deposition of Cu-Al2O3 composite coatings on a rotating cylindrical electrode are presented taking into account the hydrodynamics of the electrolyte flow. The simulation is carried out in the entire volume of the electrochemical cell, and not only within the diffusion layer, which allows taking into account the transfer of electrolyte particles and ions by convection and migration. The current numerical study made it possible to inves-tigate in detail the kinetics of these processes and showed good agreement with the experimental results.
INFLUENCE OF THE CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION OF FCC SINGLE CRYSTALS ON PLASTIC STRAIN UNDER UNIAXIAL MONOTONIC AND CYCLIC THERMOMECHANICAL LOADING
Authors: Semenova A. А. , Grishchenko A. I. , Semenov A. S.
Published: October 2024

Single-crystal superalloys, used in production of gas turbine blades, have a pro-nounced anisotropy of mechanical properties and high short-term, long-term and ther-mal fatigue strength. Based on a microstructural model of elastoplastic deformation, which takes into account the presence of octahedral and cubic slip systems, a study was carried out of the influence of the crystallographic orientation of single-crystal samples on the level of plastic strain under uniaxial tension and on the range of plastic strain under intense thermal cycling. Anisotropy of the plastic properties of single crystals manifests itself in the dependence of the level of plastic strain on the direction of load-ing. The contribution of octahedral and cubic slip systems under uniaxial loading in dif-ferent directions with respect to the crystal lattice has been evaluated. The evolution of the spatial orientation of plastic strain with a monotonic increasing of loading has been studied; the initiation and competing growth of local maxima have been analyzed. The angular coordinates of all possible 7 local maxima within the stereographic triangle are found and the load ranges of their dominance are indicated. The results of studying the influence of temperature and hardening on the orientation distribution of plastic strain are presented. The influence of the sample crystallographic orientation on the plastic strain level under symmetric and nonsymmetric cyclic loading has been studied. The results of modeling the cycle-by-cycle kinetics of plastic strains and their orientation distribution are presented. The results of the computational experiments for corset sam-ples for thermal fatigue tests showed a significant sensitivity of the plastic strain range to the deviation of the sample axis from the [001] orientation even by a few degrees, which indicates the need to revise the accepted tolerance of 10 degrees.
ALLOY AGING AS A MULTISCALE EFFECT WITHIN THE NANOCOMPOSITE THEORY
Authors: Golovina N. Ya.
Published: October 2024

Within the theory of finely dispersed nanocomposites, the dependence of the effective Young's modulus on the absolute size of the reinforcing particles is obtained. Two cases of controlling/changing the effective Young's modulus at a constant relative volume fraction of reinforcing particles are considered. The first is the disintegration of reinforcing particles into smaller ones, followed by diffusion throughout the volume of the matrix. In this case, the effective modulus of the nanocomposite increases. The second one is the agglomeration of reinforcing particles into larger ones. In this case, the effective modulus of the nanocomposite decreases. These patterns seem to be universal and independent of heat treatment technology. It can be assumed that the agglomeration or decomposition of the reinforcing particles depends on the choice of a heat treatment technology for a nanocomposite. It is important to emphasize that the selected heat treatment technology is to be such that during the heat treatment no phase transitions occur either in the material of the reinforcing particles or in the matrix material. It is necessary to eliminate the appearance of phase transitions, since the new phase represents a field of defects, in particular, the field of substitutional dislocations. For such processes, the gradient theory of a defect-free medium is no longer valid. It is necessary to build models of defective environments that are more complex. Therefore, this article does not consider the criteria for choosing a heat treatment technology. The question remains open that, along with the gradient generalization of the theory of composites, a nonlinear generalization is possible. Indeed, unlike ceramics, which retain physical linearity almost until destruction, metal composites exhibit plasticity over a large range of deformations. However, generalization to physical nonlinearity, and even more so to plasticity, is complicated by the fact that there is still no generally accepted theory for constructing a stress-strain curve even for homogeneous materials.
ESTIMATION OF RESIDUAL STRESSES IN BIMETALLIC PLUNGER PUMP CYLINDERS AFTER THERMAL DEFORMATION
Authors: Silina O. V. , Ledon D. R. , Babkin E. O. , Bosyakov M. N.
Published: October 2024

Plunger pumps used in oil production are made of long hollow bimetallic cylinders. These components are thermo-mechanically treated to improve strength and other physical and mechanical properties. These operations result in residual stresses within the parts, which can lead to positive, undesirable and unacceptable changes in the geometry. In the present work, we consider the problem of choosing the optimal machining modes. Estimations of residual stresses in the whole product take too much time, so it was decided to use small rings, which are representative for each particular pipe. In view of complexity or impossibility of applying the existing methods, the authors have designed a novel technique to estimate the level of residual stresses. For this purpose, we formulated and solved this problem within the theory of elasticity. An analytical solution, which makes it possible to find the level of stresses depending on the experimental measurements when cutting the rings, has been obtained. Three different steels were chosen. i.e. 38Cr2MoAl, 15Cr5Mo, 12Cr18Ni10Ti. Based on operating conditions, four optimization criteria for the heat treatment have been produced: the minimum level of residual stresses in the pipe; the minimum difference between stresses in the shell and liner; the minimum change in the pipe radius after the treatment; the highest value of adhesion between the liner and the shell. The obtained results have been analyzed based on the above four criteria. We revealed the optimum and intolerable modes of thermo-mechanical processing, which enabled undesirable changes in products. The required degree of deformation and temperature of the post-deformation heating have been found for each steel under study. As a result, recommendations for industrial enterprises have been drawn up.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF ALLOYING ADDITIONS ON THE STRUCTURE OF AL-LI ALLOYS AND DEFORMATION MECHANISMS UNDER SUPERPLASTIC CONDITIONS (AN ANALYTICAL REVIEW)
Authors: Sharifullina E. R. , Shveykin A. I. , Trusov P. V.
Published: October 2024

The use of structural superplasticity is promising in the development of production technologies with complex shapes and improved physical, mechanical and operational characteristics. Deformation in the superplasticity regime is characterized by reduced (compared to conventional plastic processing) loads on tools and decreased number of finishing operations. It seems preferable to use the superplasticity regime at relatively moderate homologous temperatures (less than 0.7) and high strain rates (on the order of 10–2 s–1), in which the equiaxed grain shape can be preserved with an insignificant change in its size. Under these conditions, staged (bell-shaped) tension curves are observed in experiments on uniaxial tension with access to the structural superplasticity regime for many alloys preliminarily prepared by severe plastic deformations. The latter is associated with the action and interaction of various physical mechanisms, the change in their roles during the deformation and evolution of defective material structures. The above factors are influenced by the initial temperature and strain rate conditions and characteristics of material structures after the pretreatment, in particular, grain shapes and sizes, fraction of high-angle boundaries, degree of recrystallization of the structure, presence of alloying additives that can form various phases in materials. This review attempts to systematize experimental data on superplasticity of aluminum alloys 1420 and 1421 with a focus on the main characteristics of material structures before and during the superplastic deformation tests, as well as its effect on the acting mechanisms. This will make it possible to form a more complete understanding the physical nature of deformation with a transition to structural superplasticity regimes for aluminum alloys and to develop a scenario for the action and interaction of mechanisms taking the influence of the evolving material structure into account. The above will be the concept basis for development the multilevel constitutive models of inelastic deformations of alloys to describe the material structure evolution and change in deformation regimes, which is necessary to improve superplastic forming technologies.
REFINED MODEL OF THERMOELASTIC-PLASTIC DYNAMIC DEFORMATION OF FLEXIBLE REINFORCED CYLINDRICAL SHELLS
Authors: Yankovskii A. P.
Published: October 2024

Within the refined theory of bending, a coupled initial-boundary value problem of thermoelastic- plastic deformation of flexible circular cylindrical shells with arbitrary reinforcement structures is formulated. The tangential displacements of the shell points and the temperature along the thickness of the structures are approximated by high-order polynomials. This makes it possible to take into account, with varying degrees of accuracy, the weak resistance of fibrous sheaths to transverse shear and to calculate wave processes in them. From the obtained two-dimensional equations of the refined theory, in the first approximation, the relations of the traditional non-classical Ambartsumian theory are obtained. The geometric nonlinearity is modeled in the Karman approximation. The inelastic deformation of the components of the composition is described by the relations of the theory of flow with isotropic hardening. In this case, the loading functions of the materials of the composition phases depend not only on the strengthening parameter, but also on the temperature. For the numerical solution of the formulated nonlinear coupled two-dimensional thermomechanical problem, an explicit scheme of time steps is used. We studied the axisymmetric elastic-plastic deformation of flexible long cylindrical shells, which are reinforced in the circumferential and axial directions. Fiberglass and metal-composite structures from the inner front surface are loaded with pressure, which corresponds to the action of an air blast wave. It is shown that for an adequate calculation of temperature fields in the structures under consideration, it is advisable to approximate the temperature over their thickness with a 7th order polynomial. It has been demonstrated that at some points fiberglass shells can additionally heat up for a short time by only 10…11 C, so the thermal response can be disregarded in their calculations. Metal-composite structures can additionally heat up by more than 40 C. However, for their calculation it is also possible to use the model of elastoplastic deformation of the materials of the composition components. It is shown that when studying the dynamic inelastic behavior of both fiberglass and metalcomposite cylindrical shells, it is advisable to use the refined theory of their bending, rather than its simplest version, the Ambartsumian theory.
MEMORY DEPENDENT RESPONSE IN AN INFINITELY LONG THERMOELASTIC SOLID CIRCULAR CYLINDER
Authors: Lamba N. K. , Deshmukh K. C.
Published: October 2024

Memory-dependent derivatives (MDD) have physical meaning, and compared to fractional derivatives, they are more suitable and convenient for temporal remodeling. In this study, the temperature and stress distributions in an infinitely extended generalized thermally elastic solid circular cylinder have been investigated by utilizing the concept of a memory-dependent heat conduction model. The homogeneous, isotropic, infinitely long solid circular cylinder is considered to have a lateral surface that is free of traction and is subjected to a known surrounding temperature. In the domain of the integral Laplace transform, the problem is worked out, and its complex inversion is performed numerically using the Fourier series expansion method. The material properties of copper metal are chosen for the purpose of numerical computation, and the thermoelastic impact of time delay on temperature distribution, displacement distribution, and thermal stresses are represented graphically. Also, time delay's effect on temperature history, displacement history, and thermal heat transfer stress history are shown, respectively. This study could also benefit mathematicians and researchers involved in the development of thermoelasticity, as it accounts for the memory-related derivatives that are useful in explaining the behaviour of a variety of physical processes. The thermal fluctuations captured by various factors with memory-dependent responses are used in engineering applications to realistically design machines or structures.
Burden of nursing care: a concept analysis
Authors:   Profesora titular. Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad El Bosque. Bogotá, Colombia, Vargas-Escobar Lina María , Aya Roa Kevin Julián , Ortiz Mayorga Judith Liliana , Quiñonez Mora Marcia Andrea , Hernández Bohórquez Laura Marcela , Fuentes Bermúdez Genny Paola , Casallas Vega Alexander
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The burden of nursing care has not been defined as a theoretical or operational concept. However, several studies have demonstrated its impact on the quality of care, the increase in adverse events, and the health of nursing staff. Objective: To analyze the attributes, factors, antecedents, and consequences associated with the concept of 'burden of nursing care' in order to clarify its meaning. Materials and Methods: A concept analysis was conducted using Walker and Avant's methodological proposal, which examines a concept's defining characteristics and attributes. Results: The burden of nursing care is the relation between the needs of patients and the time available for direct care, management, and education activities. Both intrinsic and extrinsic patient factors can influence the patient's level of dependency and needs, increasing nursing interventions and hours of care, thereby intensifying the burden of care. Discussion: The burden of nursing care involves patient-centered care with adequate resources. The burden of nursing care demands planning and leadership from nurses. A lack of competencies and experience, combined with institutional inflexibility, increases the burden of nursing care, leading to dissatisfaction and adverse events. Conclusions: The burden of nursing care is a concept that is epistemically grounded in the interactive-integrative view because it focuses on meeting patients' needs through nursing interventions for direct care, management, and education.
The Effects of Co-teaching in Practical Arts Class on the Class Participation of Students in an Inclusive Class in Elementary School and the Attitude of Students Without Disabilities Toward Accepting Students With Disabilities
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Lee Jihyun , Lee Suk-Hyang
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects co-teaching in Practical Arts classes has on the participation of students in inclusive elementary classrooms, as well as the attitude of students without disabilities toward accepting students with disabilities. For this purpose, the participants were two students with disabilities and 40 students without disabilities from two inclusive classes. The co-teaching was implemented one to two times a week for a total of 24 sessions during Practical Arts class time. This study used a pre- and post-test control group design. After the co-teaching was terminated, the differences between pre- and post-test on dependent variables were analyzed. The results of the analysis were as follows: First, the class participation rate of students without disabilities in the experimental group who participated in co-teaching with Practical Arts was statistically significantly improved compared to students without disabilities in the control group. Both students with disabilities in the experimental group and the control group showed improvement in class participation rates; however, the improvement in students with disabilities in the experimental group was greater. Second, the attitude of students without disabilities in the experimental group who participated in co-teaching toward accepting students with disabilities was statistically significantly improved compared to the control group. This study is significant in that it confirmed that co-teaching could have a positive effect on class participation for all students including students with and without disabilities. Based on these results, the limitations in the study, as well as implications for further studies were discussed.
The Changes in High School Special Class Student and Practical Knowledge of Special Education Teacher in the Action Process of Career Institution Exploration Program
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Lee Ji-seon , Lim Kyoung-won
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes seen in high school special class students, as well as the practical knowledge acquired by special education teacher during the action process of the career institution exploration program. The research method applied was action research, and the research participants included the teacher in the role of a researcher, seven students from the high school special class, and three advisory teachers for the program. Data collected during the program execution were analyzed to derive the changes in students and practical knowledge of the teachers.
The results of the study are as follows: First, high school special class students lacked an interest in and information about careers; however, through the program, they became aware of various career options and showed a proactive attitude towards pursuing their own careers. Second, teachers realized that in career education, it is crucial to grant students autonomy and create a positive environment, that preparatory and follow-up lessons are necessary for career experiences, and that they recognized the importance of career education and the behind-the-scenes aspects of career experiences. Based on these research results, methods for effective career experiences and ways to support students’ career development were discussed.
Opposition «spiritual-material» in Oralkhan Bokeyev's story «Atau-kere»
Authors: Zhamankozova Arilana
Published: October 2024

The article investigates the issues of value characters’ opposition of the Oralkhan Bokeev's story «Atau-kere», the transformation of the «friend-or-foe» principle into «spiritual-material». The comparative analysis results of worldview and behavioural characteristics of the characters through incorporation into each semantic layer of the work are presented. The question of ethical evaluation of the novel's meaning division into two possible meanings, which are united by a common form but are not connected with each other, is raised. The authors consider the value orientation of the characters as the criterion for such division. The methodology of literary dichotomy in the paper is based on the criterion of comparison. It is reported that the object of dichotomy in a work of fiction is a word, an image, an idea. The authors conclude that the writer portrayed the split Kazakh society of the last decade of the twentieth century. The value opposition in this sense allows not only to see the reasons for the Kazakh society division of the late twentieth century, but also acts as a symbol of finding faith. The research novelty is seen in the fact that for the first time the opposition
«spiritual-material» is studied in the context of Kazakh novels. Characters at the intuitive-subconscious and sensual-subconscious levels realise the truth about the necessity of moral transformation, overcoming the path from low to high, which is an ethical solution to the opposition in the story. The innovation of Oralkhan Bokeev, who transferred the principle of «friend-or-foe» to the ethical level, revealing the dichotomy of «spiritual-material» as a way of determining the qualitative characteristics of the characters, is proved.
UM BRASIL DIVIDIDO? REFLEXÕES SOBRE A POLARIZAÇÃO POLÍTICA E SOCIAL NO BRASIL CONTEMPORÂNEO
Authors: Escosteguy-Medronho Adriana
Published: October 2024

Resumo: Este artigo discute o conceito de polarização social, dividindo o Brasil contemporâneo em polos que se identificam com Lula ou Bolsonaro. Com base na hipótese de que os desafios à consolidação democrática do Brasil têm impacto nesse contexto, analisamos cinco processos sócio-históricos, tendo como marco a fundação da Nova República. São eles: a constituição e as reformas do sistema político institucional; a mudança do contexto econômico nacional; as mudanças estruturais na sociedade brasileira; a estrutura da mídia tradicional e o surgimento de novas tecnologias de informação; e a mudança do contexto político internacional. A análise apoia a hipótese de que o fenômeno Bolsonaro é um sintoma que aprofunda, e não a origem, da polarização contemporânea.
Reliability and validity of the abbreviated version of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire in Turkish adults
Authors: Kaya Seda , Açik Murat , Coşkun Ayfer Beyaz , Yilmaz Feray Çağiran
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To adapt the abbreviated version of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire to Turkish for the Turkish adult population. Methods This cross-sectional study includes 709 participants aged between 18-65 years living in the province of Elazig. The data was collected through a voluntary face-to-face survey. The questionnaire was included their general characteristics and the Mindful Eating Questionnaire -18 and Eating Attitude Test-26. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the validity of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire -18. Statistical analyzes were conducted using the R-Project program and IBM®SPSS® version 26.0. Results The overall content validity index was 0.93. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted for the two sub-scales and reduced the abbreviated of Mindful Eating Questionnaire to 18 items. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.718 for the Mindful Eating Questionnaire-18 total factor scores and Cronbach alpha values for awareness, and disinhibition were found to be 0,843 and 0,789, respectively. The minimum discrepancy per degree of freedom=4.914 and the fit indices were at an acceptable level (RMSEA=0.074, CFI=0.934, SRMR=0.079, TLI=0.925, GFI=0.968, AGFI=0.959). Conclusion The findings of study showed that the psychometric properties of the abbreviated Mindful Eating Questionnaire adapted into Turkish were acceptable through construct and internal consistency reliability for adults.
Was diet quality related to COVID-19 depression and fear states in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey?
Authors: Erdogan Bilge , Avci Hanife , Pinar Aylin Acikgoz
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective This study was designed to examine diet quality among adults in Turkey, and it’s association to depression and fear states concerning COVID-19. Methods A total number 105 volunteers participated, 56 (53.3%) females and 49 (46.7%) males aged between 19 and 64 years old, in an online-based cross-sectional study. The questionnaire was prepared to determine information about participant’s demographic characteristics, dietary habits, fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S), depression, anxiety, stress levels (DASS-21) and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index, HEI-2015). Results It was observed that 42.9% of participants increased home cooking and 51.4% of those decreased ready meal consumption during COVID-19 (p<0.05). The mean FCV-19S and DASS-21 scores of females were higher than males (F/M:20.3±6.40/16.9±6.78, p=0.012; 36/16, p=0.036; respectively). Also 19.6% of females had moderate depression, while 16.3% of males had extremely severe depression in anxiety subscales. A statistically significant correlation was found between FCV-19S and DASS-21 (r=0.416, p<0.001). No significant correlation was found between HEI-2015 and neither FCV-19S nor DASS-21. The mean HEI-2015 scores of females and males identified respectively 64.0±13.07 and 55.3±11.62 (p<0.001). Daily energy intake, carbohydrate and fat intake were negatively correlate with HEI-2015 (0.000). Daily carbohydrate intake was negatively correlate between DASS-21 (r=-0.209; p=0.033). Conclusion Reducing depression, stress, anxiety, and fear levels during the pandemic will ensure a good level of diet quality by affecting the nutritional habits of individuals. For this reason, it will be essential for individuals to receive support from a multidisciplinary team of dietitians and psychologists.
Frequency of breakfast consumption is associated with anthropometric markers of body adiposity in university students
Authors: Silva Letícia Brito , Pereira Lídia Pitaluga , Fonseca Lorena Barbosa , Rodrigues Paulo Rogério Melo , Muraro Ana Paula , Ferreira Márcia Gonçalves
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the frequency of breakfast consumption and its association with body adiposity in university students. Methods Cross-sectional study using baseline data from a cohort of 2,179 students aged 16 to 25, enrolled in 21 full-time courses, collected between 2015 and 2018. The outcomes assessed were overweight, obesity, high waist circumference and high waist-to-height ratio. The frequency of breakfast consumption was assessed as: regular (5-7 times/week); irregular (1-4 times/week) and omission (never/almost never). Associations were estimated using Poisson regression models with robust variance. Results The prevalence of skipping breakfast and irregular breakfast consumption were, respectively, 14.5% and 23.6% for men and 14.6% and 24.7% for women. In males, skipping breakfast was directly associated with obesity (aPR=1,74; CI95%=1,05;2,88), high waist circumference (aPR=2,10; CI95%=1,31;3,35), and high waist/height ratio (aPR =1,59; CI95%=1,13;2,23). Among women, higher prevalence of obesity (aPR= 1.90, 95%CI= 1.16;3.12) was found among those who had breakfast irregularly, and skipping breakfast was associated with high waist/height ratio (aPR=1,51; CI95%=1,03;2,20). Irregular breakfast consumption was only associated with obesity in women and was not associated with any of the outcomes assessed among men. Conclusion Skipping breakfast was associated with abdominal adiposity in both sexes, and also with total adiposity among men. Irregular breakfast consumption was associated only with obesity in women. Regular breakfast consumption should be included among the objectives of actions to promote healthy eating habits at universities.
Postura vertical y desgarros perineales en partos humanizados
Authors: Cavallari-Drey Yazmín Estefanía , Ortiz-Llorens Manuel
Published: October 2024

Resumen Objetivos: determinar la asociación entre postura de parto vertical y desgarros perineales grado II o más en mujeres atendidas bajo el modelo humanizado. Métodos: se estudiaron 715 registros clínicos de partos humanizados atendidos entre 2016 y 2022 en Viña del Mar, Chile, mediante análisis bivariado y regresión logística binaria. Resultados: el 64.1% de las mujeres presentó lesiones perineales, principalmente de bajo grado (51.2%). Los desgarros de segundo grado o más representaron un 12.2% (mayoritariamente grado II), siendo muy escasos los desgarros grado III (0.7%) y nulos los desgarros grado IV. Las posturas verticales, en comparación a las horizontales, se asociaron significativamente a la presencia de desgarros grado II o más (p=0.02), incluso luego de ajustar por variables maternas y neonatales (OR=2.31, IC95%=1.11-4.81). De estas últimas, la paridad y la talla del recién nacido fueron los factores que más se asociaron con este tipo de lesiones. Conclusión: los partos humanizados en general presentan una menor frecuencia y gravedad de lesiones perineales que lo reportado en atenciones tradicionales, no obstante, las posturas verticales, en comparación a las horizontales, se asociaron significativamente a la presencia de desgarros grado II o más.
Medindo o apoio público ao Supremo Tribunal Federal: confiança e legitimidade institucional
Authors: Oliveira Fabiana Luci de , Cunha Luciana Gross , Ramos Luciana de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

O artigo trata da imagem pública do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), buscando identificar quais fatores ajudam a explicar a confiança pública nessa instituição, a partir de dados de levantamento de opinião pública (survey), que entrevistou uma amostra de 1.650 brasileiros entre novembro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021. Dialogando com a literatura sobre confiança na Suprema Corte norte-americana, foram testadas quatro hipóteses explicativas para a confiança no STF, considerando: 1) o nível de familiaridade com o STF; 2) o nível de lealdade ao STF; 3) a percepção de que os ministros são distintos da política convencional; e 4) a percepção de desempenho do STF nos casos relativos à Covid-19. Os resultados do modelo de regressão logística levaram à conclusão de que no caso do STF, assim como no da Suprema Corte norte-americana, a confiança parece ser explicada por uma combinação de avaliações de curto e de longo prazo da instituição, embora aqui, diferente do que acontece lá, as percepções de curto prazo têm maior poder preditivo, impactando mais fortemente a confiança institucional.
Democratização e desdemocratização na metrópole de Porto Alegre: três décadas do Orçamento Participativo
Authors: Müller Ivan Daniel , Fedozzi Luciano
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo analisa a trajetória do Orçamento Participativo (OP) de Porto Alegre (1989-2022), buscando identificar o caráter das mudanças ocorridas nesse modelo de gestão participativa. A partir do escopo teórico proposto por Charles Tilly (2013) para avaliar a dinâmica histórica dos regimes democráticos, são adotadas categorias que permitem adaptar essa abordagem para a análise das mudanças que ocorreram no longo prazo dessa instituição participativa. O artigo propõe um modelo de análise capaz de identificar períodos distintos na vida do OP porto-alegrense. A partir de fontes secundárias, constituídas por dados oficiais da Administração Municipal e por pesquisas acadêmicas sobre esse processo participativo, o estudo demonstra que a dinâmica de participação perdeu características democratizantes ao longo do tempo, direcionando essa instituição para um caminho contrário, de caráter desdemocratizante.
Quality or quantity? The impact on the cost of equity capital
Authors: Telles Samantha Valentim , Moreira Jeice Catrine Cordeiro
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the simultaneous impact of information quality and quantity on the cost of equity capital for Brazilian firms listed on the B3 from 2011 to 2021. We also assessed which of the two, quality or quantity, has a greater impact on the cost of equity capital. Accounting quality and information volume are key factors in determining a company's cost of equity capital. While several studies have explored the relationship between these variables, few have examined them simultaneously, and we were unable to find any that focused on these aspects in the Brazilian market. Our results suggest that companies should prioritize enhancing the quality of information they disclose to investors over simply disclosing more information. Standard setters have a rationale for providing additional guidance on improving information disclosure. A better informed market facilitates better decision-making and reduces information asymmetry. Our results contradict previous studies that have found a positive relationship between information quantity and the cost of equity capital, suggesting that future research on information volume must also consider the quality of that information. We used a sample of 1,347 firm-year observations and employed various methodologies to assess the levels of accounting quality and information volume. Our study controlled for firm size, leverage, market-to-book ratio, beta, growth, internationalization, and the impact of COVID-19 to enhance the robustness of our results. To ensure the validity of our findings, we conducted additional tests using alternative methods to measure quality and quantity, and the results were consistent with our original findings. We found that the quality of financial information impacts the cost of equity capital, whereas the volume does not. Our results underscore the importance of improving information quality and support regulatory requirements for more relevant and understandable disclosure.
Motivação acadêmica e competência profissional de estudantes de educação física
Authors: Acencio Fabio Ricardo , Oliveira Daniel Vicentini de , Prestes Vivian Rafaella , Nascimento Júnior José Roberto Andrade do
Published: October 2024

Resumo Estudo transversal que teve o objetivo de analisar a percepção 117 de estudantes de educação física acerca da motivação acadêmica e competência profissional. Foram utilizadas a Escala de Motivação Acadêmica e a Escala de Autopercepção de Competência Profissional em Educação Física e Desporto. A análise dos dados foi conduzida por meio da estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os estudantes dos dois primeiros anos são mais identificados com os estudos e se percebem com mais competências profissionais. Os estudantes que já trabalham na área apresentaram maior motivação intrínseca e percepção de qualidade profissional. O tempo de curso e o trabalho na área parecem ser fatores intervenientes na identificação com os estudos e na percepção de competência profissional, respectivamente.
Children and adolescents with sickle cell disease: characteristics and use of medicinal plants
Authors: Paula Rebeca Garcia de , Ribeiro Hewerthon Medrado , Borges Luciana de Melo , Souza Lucas Barbosa e , Silva Kellen Lagares Ferreira , Seibert Carla Simone
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and evaluate the use of medicinal plants in these patients concomitantly with their drug treatment. Methods: This is a review of the medical records of pediatric patients at a public institution with tertiary care. The selection criterion was to be a child or adolescent with SCD undergoing pediatric follow-up at this outpatient clinic. In the medical records of the patients selected, records of the use of plants for medicinal purposes were sought. Results: In total, 154 records (100% of total active patients followed in this clinic) were reviewed: 99 children and 55 adolescents. The predominant genotype was SS (58.4%), followed by SC (29.2%). The use of at least one medication for SCD was reported in 95.5% of the medical records. The use of medicinal plants was reported by 70.1% of patients, with 276 citations in the medical records referring to 64 different types of plants. Six plants were used for the treatment of SCD, the main one being Lemonvine/Ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata). The use of medicinal plants was reported for flu-like symptoms and/or COVID-19 (both for prevention and treatment) by 60.5% of the citations, with 35 different plants reported for this use, exclusively or not. This use was followed by pain symptoms (14.2% of citations). Conclusions: The majority of patients in this study use both conventional and traditional/complementary/alternative medicine, highlighting the need for more studies in the area, with a special focus on patient safety.
Aqueous extract of spent hops suppresses root-knot nematode and enhances soil biological activity
Authors: Toninato Bruna O , Calandrelli Angélica , Fontana Lais F , Dias-Arieira Claudia R
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Hops are known worldwide for their medicinal and antimicrobial properties, but their applications have been little studied in the field of agriculture. Furthermore, there are few studies about the nematicidal effect of the generated hops residue by the brewing industry. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of a 5% aqueous extract of hops residues in controlling Meloidogyne javanica in tomato plants and assess its impact on soil biological activity. Two experiments were conducted at different times. In both experiments, tomato seedlings grown in pots in a greenhouse received an application of 5% sent hops extract or water (control), using a spray volume of 50 L/ha. The treatments were applied in a hole made in the soil, close to the root system of the plant, approximately 2 cm deep. Plants were then inoculated with 1,000 eggs + eventual second-stage juveniles (J2) of M. javanica/plant, depositing the suspension containing the nematodes in the same hole made in the soil. In the laboratory, in the first experiment, basal respiration, soil microbial biomass, and nematode reproduction were determined at 30 days after inoculation (DAI), and in the second experiment, M. javanica reproduction was evaluated at 30 and 60 DAI, while basal respiration and soil microbial biomass were evaluated at 60 DAI. In the first experiment, the extract reduced total nematode number and number of nematodes per gram of root by up to 70% and 82%, respectively. In the second experiment, the respective reductions were 71% and 83% at 30 DAI and 80% and 73% at 60 DAI. The results showed that, in general, soils under plants treated with spent hop extract had higher basal respiration and microbial biomass carbon in both years, even when infected with nematodes. Thus, hops extract demonstrates potential for use in the management of M. javanica. However, further studies are necessary to elucidate the modes of action against these phytopathogens and their effects on soil.
Brincadeiras-espetáculo: modos de brincar compartilhados no YouTube
Authors: Freitas Bárbara Morais Santiago , Gaudenzi Paula , Andrada Bárbara Costa
Published: October 2024

Resumo O brincar é fundamental à saúde da criança, e nas últimas décadas ele foi atravessado pelas novas tecnologias digitais, conformando novos modos de subjetivação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os modos de brincar compartilhados através de vídeos on-line. A partir de busca com o termo “brincando” no YouTube, selecionamos 100 vídeos submetidos a uma análise de conteúdo categorial. A homogeneização, a mercadorização e a monetização atravessam os modos de brincar no contexto dos vídeos. Utilizamos as categorias: tela-brinquedo, brincadeiras de ter e brincadeira espetáculo, sendo este último o corolário dos anteriores. Analisamos que o brincar, neste contexto, é produzido para um outro, moldado e editado para ser legitimado, além de estar colonizado por valores individualistas, estando praticamente ausentes a criatividade e a espontaneidade do brincar.
Telling stories, caring for life: narrative-based health education
Authors: Silva Neide Emy Kurokawa e , Ayres José Ricardo de Carvalho Mesquita
Published: October 2024

Abstract The use of stories in health education is not new and is basically meant to disseminate information and influence behaviors and habits focused on clinical results such as blood glucose control. Based on the criticisms to the limited ways in which stories have been explored in terms of the purposes they have served, it is therefore proposed that new narrative approaches be incorporated into health education, within the scope of critical pedagogical processes. References are made to Paulo Freire’s Critical Pedagogy and the ontological approach to the narrative developed by thinker Paul Ricoeur as a possibility of acquiring self-knowledge in the relationship with others. Considering that narrative texts express ways of understanding the world, the “world of the text”, then its existential meaning is highlighted, giving rise to the construction and reconstruction of diverse ways of being-in-the-world. Language plays a prominent role in this understanding of the text-world by the reader-student, who may agree or disagree with the plots, empathize or not with the characters, conform to the situations presented or find them strange. Narratives may end up problematizing the course of the storylines presented, as well as reconfiguring the stories, the others’ and their own, favoring reflections on vulnerabilities and potentialities in health care.
El cyberbullying bajo su prisma teórico: una revisión integradora
Authors: Moretti Constanza , Herkovits Damián
Published: October 2024

Resumen El trabajo analiza mediante una revisión integradora los modelos teóricos utilizados para analizar el cyberbullying entre adolescentes, los elementos que visibilizan y los tipos de conocimientos que producen. El corpus estuvo conformado por 47 artículos relevados en las bases de bibliografía BVS, PubMed, Scopus y SciELO. En los resultados presentamos la Teoría de la Desconexión Moral, la Teoría General de la Frustración, la Teoría de las Actividades Rutinarias, la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado, la Teoría del Efecto del Espectador, el Modelo General de la Agresión, el Modelo de Barlett-Gentile, la Teoría Mimética y Teorías de la Identidad social. Los modelos desde una perspectiva positivista subrayan una concepción objetivista, reduccionista y causalista del cyberbullying. Discutimos estos aspectos desde la antropología de las moralidades, el interaccionismo simbólico y la violencia como origen y refuerzo de fronteras morales y sociales. Los hallazgos permiten discutir explicaciones y propuestas de prevención, a la vez que ofrecen un repertorio teórico sobre el cyberbullying útil para eludir un confinamiento explicativo y la consecuente reificación de las teorías utilizadas.
A importância do pré e pós-natal odontológico para o incentivo e apoio ao aleitamento materno
Authors: Baum Luciana Reis , Schaidhauer Flavia Gheller , Brockveld Lucimeire , Carvalho Marcus Renato de , Ercolin Ludmila Tavares Costa
Published: October 2024

Resumo O tema do Aleitamento Materno (AM) é pouco abordado nos cursos técnicos e de graduação em Odontologia. O objetivo desta revisão foi pesquisar conteúdos odontológicos relacionados à amamentação para promoção do AM desde o pré ao pós-natal. O método adotado foi a estratégia PICO, com os descritores: “amamentação” e “odontologia”. A busca foi realizada dos últimos 10 anos até outubro de 2023 em cinco bases de dados e outros estudos incluídos. Dos 209 artigos, 101 foram selecionados sob critérios de inclusão e exclusão de acordo com o tipo de estudo e conteúdo abordado. Os resultados obtidos foram: promoção de políticas públicas em AM; sua importância e benefícios para a saúde oral e geral; alimentação; respiração; distúrbios do sono; atendimento odontológico pré e pós-natal; uso de medicamentos e drogas durante a amamentação; aconselhamento materno; manejo e técnica adequada de amamentação; trabalho multidisciplinar; treinamento profissional; fatores sociodemográficos, risco de cárie e má oclusão; desenvolvimento craniofacial; funções orais; microbiota oral; casos especiais: anquiloglossia; fenda palatina; dentes neonatais, hipomineralização, autismo, transmissão vertical; hábitos prejudiciais e sucção não nutritiva. Conclui-se que existem evidências na perspectiva odontológica para orientar mães e familiares sobre o Aleitamento Materno. Esse conteúdo deverá fazer parte de cursos de formação na área da saúde.