bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЩЕЛОЧЕУСТОЙЧИВЫЕ МИЦЕЛИАЛЬНЫЕ ГРИБЫ БЕРЕГОВОЙ ЗОНЫ ЗАСОЛЕННЫХ ОЗЕР ДАУРИИ
Authors: М.Л. ГЕОРГИЕВА , С.А. БОНДАРЕНКО , Н.Н. МАРКЕЛОВА , Е.Н. БИЛАНЕНКО
Published: November 2024

Впервые проведено исследование щелочеустойчивых грибов в разных субстратах береговой зоны засоленных озер юга Забайкальского края на территории биосферного заповедника "Даурский" (озера Зун-Торей, Хангей). Отмечены изменения структуры сообщества щелочеустойчивых аскомицетов в зависимости от локальных условий. Для побережья оз. Хангей в отсутствие галофитов, но с хорошо выраженными цианобактериальными матами и большим содержанием яиц рачка Artemia salinaбыло характерно абсолютное доминирование облигатно алкалофильного аскомицета Sodiomyces alkalinus (встречаемость 100 %) и Emericellopsis alkalina(80 %) при минимальном разнообразии других грибов. 100%-е доминирование S. alkalinus показано и для побережья оз. Зун-Торей во влажных местах без растений. В образцах солончаков этого озера рядом с зарослями растений-солянок преобладали темноокрашенные грибы из Dothideomycetes (Alternaria, Neocamarosporium), встречаемость E. alkalina составила 60 %. S. alkalinus не обнаружен, при этом высокая встречаемость отмечена у других видов сем. Plectosphaerellaceae (Chordomyces, Gibellulopsis). Обсуждаются распространение, субстратная приуроченность и функциональная роль алкалофильных и алкалотолерантных грибов в экстремальных природных местообитаниях с высокими значениями рН среды.

The study of alkali-resistant fungi was carried out for the first time on the coast of saline lakes in the south of the Trans-Baikal region on the territory of the Daursky Biosphere Reserve (lakes Zun-Torey, Khangei). Indicated changes in the structure of the community of alkali-resistant ascomycetes depended on local conditions. The coast of Khangei was devoid of halophites, but with a high content of Artemia eggs and was characterized by the absolute dominance of the alkaliphilic ascomycete Sodiomyces alkalinus (100 % occurrence) and Emericellopsis alkalina (80 %), with a minimum diversity of other fungi. S. alkalinus predominated (100 %) on the coast of Lake Zun-Torey in damp places without plants. Dark-colored fungi from Dothideomycetes (Alternaria, Neocamarosporium, etc.) predominated in the alkaline soil samples of this lake not far from the halophites, the occurrence of E. alkalina was 60 %, and S. alkalinus was not found here, but the high occurrence was shown for the other species from Plectosphaerellaceae (Chordomyces, Gibellulopsis). The distribution, substrate preferences, and functional roles of alkaliphilic and alkalitolerant fungi in extreme natural habitats with soda salinity are discussed in this paper.
ДЕРЕВОРАЗРУШАЮЩИЕ ГРИБЫ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ БАЛАНСА БИОМАССЫ И УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ КОРЕННЫХ ЕЛЬНИКОВ ТАЙГИ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОЙ РОССИИ
Authors: В.Г. СТОРОЖЕНКО
Published: November 2024

На примере лесов еловых формаций европейской тайги России описаны важнейшие функциональные позиции дереворазрушающих грибов (ДРГ) в генезисе лесных сообществ. В еловых лесах изучены возрастные структуры древостоев, величины поражения лесов ДРГ биотрофного комплекса, объемы древесного отпада и участие грибов ксилотрофного комплекса в разложении биомассы валежа по стадиям разложения. В графическом варианте показана структура процесса формирования баланса биомассы коренного таежного ельника, основанная на различиях во временных периодах накопления и разложения биомассы древесных фракций коренных устойчивых ельников. ДРГ выполняют задачу согласования процессов накопления и разложения биомассы лесов, поддерживая ее баланс в динамике лесного сообщества к состоянию оптимальной устойчивости. Участие дереворазрушающих грибов в процессах формирования структур устойчивых лесов еловых формаций следует рассматривать как основную парадигму их функциональных задач в лесных сообществах.

On the example of spruce forests of the European taiga of Russia, the most important functional positions of wood-destroying fungi (DRFs) in the genesis of forest communities are described. In spruce forests, the age structures of forest stands, the extent of damage to forests by the DRG of the biotrophic complex, the volume of tree waste, and the participation of fungi of the xylotrophic complex in the decomposition of deadwood biomass by stages of decomposition were studied. The graphic version shows the structure of the process of formation of the biomass balance of the indigenous taiga spruce forest, based on differences in the time periods of accumulation and decomposition of the biomass of woody fractions of indigenous sustainable spruce forests. DRGs perform the task of coordinating the processes of accumulation and decomposition of forest biomass, maintaining its balance in the dynamics of the forest community to a state of optimal sustainability. The participation of wood-destroying fungi in the formation of structures of sustainable spruce forest formations should be considered as the main paradigm of their functional tasks in forest communities.
КАРИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И ЦИТОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ХВОЙНЫХ В ЭКСТРЕМАЛЬНЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ ПРОИЗРАСТАНИЯ
Authors: А.В. ПИМЕНОВ , О.В. ГОРЯЧКИНА , Т.С. СЕДЕЛЬНИКОВА , Е.Н. МУРАТОВА
Published: November 2024

Обобщены результаты кариологических и цитогенетических исследований в популяциях видов хвойных семейств Pinaceae и Cupressaceae из экстремальных условий произрастания. У хвойных, произрастающих у южной и северной границ ареалов на экологическом пределе распространения, в антропогенно нарушенных экосистемах, в условиях интродукции, выявлена хромосомная изменчивость, обнаружены геномные и хромосомные мутации различного типа. Отмечены высокая частота изменений числа хромосом (миксоплоидия, анеуплоидия и полиплоидия) и их морфологии. Найдены различные типы хромосомных аномалий (кольцевые и полицентрические хромосомы, фрагменты, множественные хромосомные аномалии), агглютинация хромосом, появление В-хромосом, нарушения митоза и мейоза. С использованием классических методов и флуоресцентной гибридизации in situ (FISH) проведены исследования полиморфизма нуклеолярных районов хромосом, выявлены особенности локусов генов 5Sи 45S рибосомной РНК.

Results of karyological and cytogenetical studies in populations of conifer species of Pinaceae and Cupressaceae families from extreme conditions are summarized. In conifers growing in southern and northern borders of areas, on ecological limits of distribution, in anthropogenically disturbed ecosystems, at the introduction, chromosome variability is revealed. A high frequency of changes in the number of chromosomes (mixoploidy, aneuploidy and polyploidy) and their morphology were noted. Different types of chromosome anomalies (ring and polycentric chromosomes, fragments, multiple chromosome irregularities), B-chromosomes occurrence, irregularities of mitosis and meiosis are found. Using classical methods and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), studies of the polymorphism of the nucleolar regions of chromosomes were carried out, and features of the loci of the 5S and 45S ribosomal RNA genes were revealed.
ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ РОСТА КЛИМАТИПОВ СОСНЫ ОБЫКНОВЕННОЙ В РАЗНЫХ ПОЧВЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ В ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ КУЛЬТУРАХ
Authors: С.Р. КУЗЬМИН , Н.А. КУЗЬМИНА
Published: November 2024

Исследована динамика высоты сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestis L.) разного происхождения в условиях двух участков с разными почвенными условиями в географических культурах в Средней Сибири. Участки с песчаной и суглинистой почвами расположены в одном географическом пункте - в Богучанском лесничестве Красноярского края, имеют общие климатические условия. Выявлена разная адаптивная реакция потомств климатипов сосны на почвенные условия и другие экологические факторы в пункте испытания. Показана дифференциация климатипов сосны по средней высоте и выделены перспективные климатипы на основе изучения динамики роста.

Dynamics of tree height of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) of different origin was studied in the provenance trial on sandy and loam soils in Central Siberia. Plots with different soils are situated in the one geographical point in the Boguchany region in Krasnoyarsk krai. It has common climatic conditions. Different adaptive reaction of pine climatypes posterities to soil conditions and other ecological factors was revealed in the place of trial. Differentiation of Scots pine climatypes at mean height are shown in the article. Perspective climatypes were distinguished on base of growth dynamics.
Morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses of some olive tree cultivars to low temperature stress
Authors: Al-Saif Adel M. , Abdel-Aziz Hosny F. , El-khamissi Haitham , Abd El-Hakim Ahmed F. , Abd El-wahed Abd El-wahed N. , Elnaggar Ibrahim A. , Farouk Mohammed H. , Hamdy Ashraf E. , Hammad Eman M.
Published: November 2024

This study evaluated the impact of night frost incidents on the biochemical, physiological, and reproductive functions of the olive varieties Manzanillo, Coratina, Koroneiki, and Picual. Certain cultivars were more suited to moderate cold night stress than others, based on the changes in the performance of the stressed plants, including vegetative growth, tree yield, fruit physical characteristics, and fruit chemical characteristics. Compared to other tested cultivars, the biochemical responses of the plants in terms of photosynthetic pigments, relative water content (RWC), total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid, and antioxidant enzyme accumulation demonstrated that some cultivars could withstand the applied stress. The conclusion that some cultivars responded differently to cold stress than others was supported by the plant phenology. This research could be a game-changer for farmers. By understanding how olive trees adapt to cold snaps, a common stressor in open fields, they can make informed decisions about breeding and choosing the best cultivars, ultimately leading to more resilient crops. The results showed that all tested olive tree cultivars differ significantly regarding cold stress conditions. Coratina and Koroneiki were the most resistant tested cultivars in terms of biochemical, physiological, and reproductive functions, followed in ascending order by Manzanello and Picual.
Pulp and Paper: Reflections on faculty and research careers and the journey with BioResources
Authors: Shen Jing
Published: November 2024

With over 20 years in pulp and paper, my career has been shaped by foundational research and teaching as well as by BioResources, a journal that has significantly supported my work. This editorial reflects on key stages in my academic journey and the pivotal role BioResources has played in advancing my research and connecting the global pulp and paper community.
Perceptions of Industry 5.0: Sustainability Perspective
Authors: Davim J. Paulo
Published: November 2024

Today, Industry 5.0 can be regarded as the latest stage of industrial revolution, where collaboration between humans and smart technologies reaches a new level. This editorial presents insights into Industry 5.0. It explains the concept of Industry 5.0 according to the latest developments, in its three fundamental pillars: human-centric, sustainable, and resilient. Finally, it discusses how Industry 5.0 can contribute to sustainability.
Brazil's Uranium Mining Evolution: Domestic Developments and International Dynamics
Authors: Bermudez Rosa , Sangregorio-Soto J , Lima I
Published: November 2024

This article provides an exploration of the historical trajectory of uranium mining in Brazil, providing insight into its emergence, development, and current status within the global nuclear landscape. From its early days, characterized by sporadic mining ventures to the establishment of strategic uranium reserves, Brazil's journey mirrors a complex interplay of domestic imperatives and international dynamics. However, despite Brazil's significant uranium resources and advances in nuclear technology, its narrative often remains overshadowed by other global nuclear actors. Thus, by delving into Brazil's historical engagement with uranium mining, this paper seeks to illuminate its evolving role and contributions to the nuclear domain. Furthermore, this study examines the impact of external influences, such as geopolitical pressures, the international price of uranium, and technological advancements, on Brazil's nuclear ambitions. Ultimately, it aims to enrich our understanding of Brazil's past, present, and future in the global nuclear area.
Post-traumatic diaphragmatic rupture: two observations at the National Hospital of Niamey
Authors: TY Boka , IH Sidi Mansour , S Rabiou , G Ide , MS Chaibou , DL James , R Sani
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Trauma to the diaphragm is rare, accounting for 3.6% of injuries sustained in road accidents. They are the result of violent trauma and most often occur in the left dome. Observations: The two patients were young adults (18, 55), male, and all victims of road traffic accidents resulting in firm trauma to the thorax. All patients had left basithoracic lesions. Both patients were diagnosed intraoperatively based strong clinical and radiological suspicion. The diaphragm ruptures presented by our patients were found on the left, with intra-abdominal viscera ascending into the thorax. Therapeutically, an emergency exploratory laparotomy was performed. The approach was abdominal for two patients, and the surgical procedure involved lowering the herniated organs and suturing the diaphragm for both patients. Postoperative management was straightforward. Conclusion: Post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is a particular injury in traumatology. It most often occurs in the setting of polytrauma. Its seriousness derives from its complications and associated lesions, which can be life-threatening.
The role of process monitoring devices and digital line balancing in achieving operational excellence in garment manufacturing
Authors: Koç Bülent , Eryürük Selin Hanife
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the transformative potential of integrating digital technologies with lean manufacturing principles to address the evolving challenges in the garment industry. The industry demands high-quality products, rapid delivery, cost efficiency, and production flexibility to maintain competitiveness and sustainability. While traditional lean methods have focused on waste reduction and process optimization, the advent of digitalization offers unprecedented opportunities for enhancing operational excellence. This research specifically examines the role of Internet of Things-based Process Monitoring Devices (PMDs) and digital line balancing in achieving these goals. PMDs, integrated within a digital lean framework, facilitate continuous monitoring of machine performance and operator efficiency, providing real-time insights into operational processes. This real-time visibility enables data-driven decision-making and centralized analysis, fostering agility and responsiveness. Furthermore, this study presents a dynamic digital line balancing algorithm that optimizes sewing line configurations and workload distribution. This dynamic approach allows for real-time adaptations in production flows to mitigate bottlenecks and boost productivity. By exploring the synergistic relationship between PMDs, digital line balancing, and lean principles, this paper contributes to a comprehensive understanding of how digital solutions can revolutionize operational efficiency in the garment manufacturing sector.
Transformable modeling: versatile women’s collection
Authors: Rodrigues Batista Esther Maria
Published: November 2024

The present work had the objective to develop a collection of transformable feminine fashion. The starting point was the following problem: is it possible to provide versatility in women's clothing through modeling? Methodologically, the corpus of this work was constituted by conducting bibliographic and applied research with Treptow's design methodology (2013). The work presents the creative process, modeling and the photographic essay of two sought after looks. The generation of alternatives brings a collection containing five dresses and five overalls, from this collection two pieces were produced as a result of this work. The collection of women's fashion is based on a transformation: pieces that, with modeling resources, bulletin together, stand out to be used independently, with a different result from the initial proposal, or even pieces that when used overlap change the aesthetics look. The first piece is a transformable short dress that when joined with a skirt becomes a long dress, and the second piece is a long transformable jumpsuit that, with the removal of the bars, turns into a short jumpsuit. The final considerations point out that the pieces developed brought together the essential aspects of transformable modeling: versatility and adaptability.
The most common diseases in intensive dairy cattle farms in the Mediterranean region
Authors: Sucak Mustafa Güçlü , Göncü Serap
Published: November 2024

This study was conducted in an intensive dairy cattle farm with a capacity of 200 lactating cow in the Mediterranean region. In this study, 2-year health records in the farm were systematically analysed. The common diseases seen in the records were determined and the recurrence status and the periods of occurrence were determined. Based on the information obtained from the records of the farm , the most common diseases and the diseases that affect the efficiency of the farm the most were determined and evaluated here. In the results, it was understood that the most common diseases treated in the dairy farming operating in the Mediterranean region in a period of 2 years were mastitis, lameness, reproductive problems and metritis.
Justification of the necessity, value, and role of diagnostic hysteroscopy in the management plan for abnormal uterine bleeding. A teaching hospital experience
Authors: Fram Kamil Mosa , Fram Rand K , Fram Mosa K , Jalal Tamer , Abushalha Nada , Qlanjiyan Muhran , Odetallah Fadi R , Azar Daniel S , Nabulsi Wateen , Batayha Imtiyaz , Hazim Farah , Shahmani Diana , Sabateen Gadeer , Al-Adwan Jood , Alazzeh Tamara , Tawalbeh Dana
Published: November 2024

Aims: The crucial purpose of this study is to pay thoughtfulness to the filmic inspection of the uterine cavity and circumstantial operative amenities have provided the gynecologist with the perfect 'diagnostic' tool, making it conceivable to inspect the cavity and biopsy distrusted areas under direct visualization for patients presented with abnormal uterine bleeding AUB in the perimenopausal or postmenopausal periods. Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 123 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women who presented with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) at Jordan University Hospital (JUH) between January 1, 2022, and August 1, 2024. Participants underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy followed by endometrial biopsy. The hysteroscopic findings were compared with the final histopathological diagnoses to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. Results: In this study of 123 women, clinical indications for hysteroscopy differed by menopausal status, with heavy menstrual bleeding being the most common indication among premenopausal women (74.6%), while postmenopausal bleeding was predominant in postmenopausal women (80.8%). Hysteroscopy revealed a regular uterine cavity in 92.7% of cases, with endometrial abnormalities such as thickened or thin endometrium observed in a significant number of women. Histopathological analysis found normal endometrium in 47.2% of cases, with endometrial polyps (16.3%) and other conditions such as hormonal imbalance and endometritis also frequently noted. A significant relationship was observed between menopausal status and both uterine cavity condition (p = .025) and endometrial state (p = .002), with postmenopausal women more likely to exhibit a thin or abnormal endometrium. The diagnostic value of hysteroscopy was high for fibroids (100% detection) but lower for endometrial polyps (50% detection). Conclusion: Hysteroscopy must be used as the second-line diagnostic tool after vaginal ultrasound assessment for evaluating the endometrial status in cases of AUB and a necessary step before the decision of surgical removal of the uterus. However, hysteroscopy is not very reliable for ruling out endometrial hyperplasia or cancer in women who have postmenopausal bleeding. Because of this, an endometrial biopsy is crucial for an accurate diagnosis.
Unveiling a syndrome through recurrent hypoglycemia
Authors: AlJadir Saadi
Published: November 2024

Post-partum hypopituitarism, widely known as Sheehan syndrome, is an ischemic necrosis of the pituitary gland. This event is the result of profound hypotension that is usually caused by massive bleeding or less often in disseminated intravascular coagulation in the peripartum or more frequently during the postpartum period. The sequelae of this catastrophic event are generally subtle, with varying degrees of anterior pituitary hormonal deficiency. Despite this syndrome decreasing worldwide, some cases are occasionally diagnosed in underdeveloped countries because of the improvements and advances in obstetric overall care, and the long-standing experience and recognition of the syndrome, especially in developed countries. The syndrome often progresses slowly; therefore, clinicians face great challenges in making early diagnoses. The most distinctive feature is usually the history of postpartum bleeding, with failure of lactation, cessation of menstruation, and ill-health with vague symptoms that jeopardize the quality of the patient’s life. We had handled a young lady with previously mentioned symptoms but with striking bouts of recurrent hypoglycemia, especially during long fasting. The early noticeable constellation of symptoms and signs with classical history can facilitate early diagnosis, alleviate morbidity and mortality, and improve the overall quality of the patient's life. Most patients will lead a normal life after they have a timely diagnosis and receive the optimal hormonal substitutions.
Retrospective analysis in in situ ductal carcinoma; 11 years of experience
Authors: F Bianchi , T Ramilo , A Camargo , P Elizalde , N Farah , Fazio B De , MP Dallochio , R Castaño
Published: November 2024

Objective: To describe our experience in the diagnosis, treatment and follow up of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Materials and methods: 953 breast carcinomas treated in the Mastology service of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Hospital Aleman of Buenos Aires, between January 2004 and December 2014, are retrospectively analyzed. 206 biopsies (BRQ 25-mammotome 151-core biopsy 30) of ductal carcinomas in situ were identified, resulting after definitive pathological evaluation in 172 (18%) pure ductal carcinomas in situ of the total of 953 patients analyzed. Results: 206 biopsies (BRQ 25-mammotome 151-core biopsy 30) of ductal carcinomas in situ were identified, resulting after definitive pathological evaluation in 172 (18%) pure ductal carcinomas in situ of the total of 953 patients analyzed. The imaging report in the total of the 206 patients showed microcalcifications in 80.1%. The diagnosis of carcinoma in situ was made in 181 (87%) patients by preoperative microinvasive procedures and in the remaining 25 (13%) patients by radiosurgical biopsy (BRQ). There was evidence of 18.8% underdiagnosis after microinvasive procedures. In our case series, 84.3% were GH3/GH2 while 15.7% were GH 1. When comparing the size of the surgical specimens and correlating it with the 34 cases of invasive and microinvasive carcinoma, it showed that 54.8% of invasion in those tumors greater than 30 mm, 50.4% in those that exceeded 21 mm and in no case in those less than 10 mm. 20% of multicentric lesions were associated with invasive tumor. Sentinel lymph node technique was performed in 23.8% patients in the first surgery, resulting negative in all cases. When evaluating radiation and hormonal treatment, radiotherapy was performed in 131 patients (85.6%) and hormonal treatment was performed in 75% of the patients. In the follow-up until December 2014, 11 relapses (5.23%) were recorded. Conclusion: Our results are consistent with the international indexed literature in reference to diagnosis, treatment and recurrence rate pure of DCIS.
Evaluation of thermal and epithermal neutron flux using the ko­NAA method with Gold and Zirconium monitors
Authors: Ali Shafaei Mohammad
Published: November 2024

Neutron flux analysis plays a crucial role in various nuclear research studies and sample analysis in research reactors. Accurate knowledge of the neutron flux spectrum and the ratio of thermal to epithermal neutrons is essential in these applications. In recent years, the newly k₀ method has been utilized to determine thermal and epithermal neutron flux. This method involves the irradiation of two monitors, typically gold and zirconium, followed by the counting of emitted gamma rays using suitable detectors like HpGe. By analyzing the photonic peak area of the collected gamma-ray spectrum from the monitors, the thermal and epithermal neutron flux at the irradiation site can be calculated. In this study, the k₀ method was employed to determine the thermal and epithermal neutron flux of Miniature Neutron Source Reactors (MNSRs).The method involved the irradiation of gold and zirconium monitors, followed by the measurement of emitted gamma rays. The photonic peak area of the gamma-ray spectrum obtained from the monitors was utilized to calculate the thermal and epithermal neutron flux. The research achieved a calculated error of 4 percent in determining the neutron flux. The k₀ method, using gold and zirconium monitors, proved to be an effective approach for determining the thermal and epithermal neutron flux in the Isfahan's MNSR. The use of zirconium, with its suitable neutron absorption cross-sections, along with cadmium calculations, contributed to the accuracy of the flux determination. It is recommended to apply the k₀ method in neutron and boron therapies and perform simulations using popular computational codes alongside the dual metal (gold and zirconium) measurement. This would enhance the accuracy of dosimetry calculations for absorbed doses resulting from neutron therapy.
Magnetic treatment of microorganisms in the food industry
Authors: Mesa Torres Leonardo , Cayamo Alejandro Alberto Bordelois , Mesa Mariño Yarindra , Ramirez Salinas Yamilia
Published: November 2024

At present, the magnetic treatment of microorganisms in the food industry is gaining more popularity. The aim of this work lies in the design and construction of a magnetic device, which consists of a magnetic system, formed by permanent magnets of rectangular shape, which are distributed and confined in a non-ferromagnetic, annular structure; that contributes: to the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), the pH, the acidity, the morphology of the cells, the symbiotic relationship with an increase in the cell concentration and viability of the yogurt culture to 96%, maintaining the parameters quality of the final product.
Electrodynamic model of ball lightning
Authors: I. Nikitin Anatoly
Published: November 2024

The paper considers a hypothesis of the structure of ball lightning core as an ensemble of dynamic electric capacitors. The dynamic capacitor is an object consisting of spatially separated charges – electrons and protons. Electrons, due to the action of mutually orthogonal electric and magnetic fields, move in a circle, oscillating in the radial direction. The magnetic field is generated by the movement of protons around the electron ring. The number of protons exceeds the number of electrons, due to which the dynamic capacitor has a positive electric charge. The system of dynamic capacitors is located inside a spherical shell consisting of water molecules polarized in the electric field of the charge of the dynamic capacitor. The shell creates a force that prevents the expansion of dynamic capacitors. It is shown that 1900 dynamic capacitors with a radius of 0.5 cm with a total kinetic energy of 6.36 MJ can fit in ball lightning with an internal shell radius of 6.2 cm. In this case, the energy density in the core of ball lightning can be about 6.4·109 J/m3. This is comparable with the result of measurements of energy density of natural ball lightning.
The CAT’s race: Who will claim this nobel prize?
Authors: Ulianov MSc, PhD Dr Policarpo Yoshin
Published: November 2024

This article explores the competitive scientific endeavor to detect the Cosmic FM Background (CFMB), a predicted radiation whose discovery could substantiate the Small Bang model and potentially challenge the prevailing Big Bang paradigm in cosmology. We delve into the theoretical foundation of CFMB, detailing methodologies for its detection and discussing the profound implications such a discovery would hold for astrophysics. The detection of CFMB would not only shift current cosmological theories but also pave the way for new understanding of the universe’s earliest moments.
Generation of Spatial Time Series Data
Authors: Kropacheva Alena Mikhailovna , Girdyuk Dmitry Viktorovich , Iov llarion Lavrentievich , Pershin Anton Yurievich
Published: November 2024

In the era of deep learning, global-local deep neural networks are gradually replacing statistical approaches for time-series forecasting, especially for the spatiotemporal modeling field. However, the development of such methods is hindered by the lack of open benchmark datasets in this research domain. Generating synthetic data is an alternative solution to data collection, but prior works focus mainly on generating uncorrelated independent time series. In this work, we present a method for spatially correlated time-series generation. It uses a set of parametric autoregressive models for univariate time series generation in combination with the approach for sampling model parameters which allows one to simulate spatial relationships. We describe its implementation and conduct experiments showing the validity of the data for spatiotemporal modeling.
Merging Directly-Follows Graphs and Sankey Diagrams for Visualizing Acyclic Processes
Authors: Derezovskiy Ilya Denisovich , Shaimov Nikita Denisovich , Lomazova Irina Alexandrovna , Mitsyuk Alexey Alexandrovich
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes a method to visualize models of acyclic processes based on merging Directly-Follows Graphs (DFG) and Sankey diagrams. DFG is a popular graphical model to visualize discrete process models, while Sankey diagrams are used to represent flows of any kind. Our approach, based on flow diagrams, allows us to highlight individual cases or groups of cases in the overall model. The approach is implemented as a web-based tool that allows us, given an event log of an acyclic process, to construct and analyze the process behavior. We illustrate and evaluate the applicability of the proposed approach using learning processes as examples.
Uncertainty Problem in High-Level Model-Based Trace Analysis as Part of Runtime Verification
Authors: Karnov Aleksei Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the problem of applying runtime verification to large and complex systems such as general-purpose operating systems. When verifying the security mechanisms of operating systems, modern practices and standards require a formal security policy model (SPM). The SPM must be verified using formal model methods, and it must also be used to verify the completeness and consistency of the operating system’s security mechanisms by confirming compliance with the formal requirements of the SPM. In this case, it is convenient to have a single model suitable for both formal verification and implementation testing. For practical application, it is necessary, on the one hand, to select a subset of model language constructs suitable for both acts, and on the other hand, to develop special techniques for analyzing execution traces that allow to effectively perform thousands of test cases. The article addresses both of these issues. We present an analysis of language constructs that allow us to use the model for both verification and execution trace analysis. We also offer techniques that have been developed to optimize the runtime verification of Linux-based systems. We also implemented the proposed methods in the trace analysis tool prototype.
Detecting Errors in the Pandas Software Module using the Svace Static Code Analyzer
Authors: Lapina Maria Anatolyevna , Khodakov Maxim Ivanovich , Grobova Sofya Kirillovna
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the urgent problem of software security at the early stage of its development. Special attention is paid to static code analysis, which is a key tool for detecting vulnerabilities at early stages of the software development life cycle. The article emphasizes the importance of integrating static analysis tools into the development process in order to detect and eliminate vulnerabilities early. The methods of static analyzers’ error search are considered, as well as the main components of the Svace static analyzer developed at the Institute of System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Classification of analyses used in the Svace static analyzer is presented. Static analysis of source code in Python programming language is considered in detail. As a practical example the analysis of the Pandas 2.2.1 project performed with the help of Svace is given. The result was the detection of 241 vulnerabilities for 590709 lines of code, which shows a high density of warnings per million lines of code and confirms the effectiveness of static analysis in ensuring software security.
Developing a Clang-Based Safe Compiler
Authors: Dunaev Pavel Dmitrievich
Published: November 2024

Due to the use of aggressive optimizations by modern C/C++ compilers that exploit undefined behavior, there is a need for a safe compiler that does not perform such optimizations and prevents developers from using unsafe statements and expressions. Such a safe compiler based on GCC has been developed in ISP RAS, but some developers prefer Clang instead of GCC, which has mainly the same problems of exploiting undefined behavior. This paper examines the capabilities of Clang to perform safe compilation and describes the implementation of a safe compiler based on it. For the created safe compiler, the applicability in practice is shown and the impact on program performance is evaluated.
On the Implementation Time of Distributed Computing in Synchronous Mode with a Limited Number of Copies of a Software Resource
Authors: Pavlov Pavel Alexsandrovich
Published: November 2024

The article constructs a mathematical model of distributed computing with a limited number of copies of a structured software resource; in cases of unlimited and limited parallelism by the number of processors of a multiprocessor distributed computing system, the problems of finding the minimum execution time of heterogeneous, homogeneous and identically distributed competing processes in a synchronous mode, ensuring the continuous execution of each block of software resource by all processes.
Conflictos socioambientales por represas y proyectos hidroeléctricos en Chiriquí, Panamá y la Zona Sur de Costa Rica
Authors: Gutiérrez Arguedas Alberto , González Quiel Jonathan
Published: November 2024

El presente trabajo analiza la conflictividad socioambiental por represas y proyectos hidroeléctricos en dos regiones que han sido escenario de numerosas disputas alrededor de este tema en Centroamérica durante los últimos quince años: la provincia de Chiriquí, Panamá y la Zona Sur de Costa Rica. Para ello, se ha utilizado como perspectiva teórico-metodológica la ecología política latinoamericana (EPL), un campo caracterizado, entre otros aspectos, por un diálogo estrecho entre las reflexiones académicas y las luchas socioambientales contra el neoextractivismo. El análisis comparado revela que en ambas regiones los planes de expansión hidroeléctrica impulsados por los Estados y por el capital nacional y transnacional se han colocado en tensión con una multiplicidad de resistencias comunitarias en defensa de los ríos. Se observan notables similitudes, tanto en las estrategias del Estado-capital para impulsar los proyectos, como en las estrategias de lucha de las comunidades para defender sus ríos y territorios. Por otro lado, el análisis comparado también revela notables diferencias entre ambas regiones, la más evidente siendo que, mientras en Chiriquí se registran 37 represas hidroeléctricas en operación, en la Zona Sur costarricense ninguna está operando, lo cual se explica por diferencias en las trayectorias nacionales de los respectivos países en relación con el asunto. El trabajo incluye cartografías de los proyectos hidroeléctricos –en operación, en trámite y/o cancelados- que permiten visualizar el fenómeno en su dimensión territorial.
La “luna de miel” y las protestas en los primeros siete meses del gobierno de Rodrigo Chaves Robles (mayo-diciembre 2022)
Authors: Cortés Sequeira Sofía , Rojas Lizano Marco , Chavarría Chinchilla Stuart
Published: November 2024

A partir del uso de la metodología del Análisis de Eventos de Protesta (AEP) y de la Teoría de las Oportunidades Políticas, el presente artículo realiza un análisis descriptivo de las acciones colectivas registradas durante los primeros siete meses de gestión del gobierno de Rodrigo Chaves Robles en Costa Rica. Particularmente, se discute cómo se comporta la protesta social en contextos de “luna de miel”, un concepto utilizado para referirse al período de alto nivel de aprobación presidencial al comienzo de la administración. El principal hallazgo es que el inicio de la administración Chaves Robles ha sido la menos conflictiva de los últimos ocho años, lo que podría deberse a un marco de menores oportunidades políticas para la protesta social y la organización del descontento en este periodo. Sin embargo, las primeras medidas concretas de Chaves, especialmente aquellas en contra de los derechos laborales y lesivas para la institucionalidad pública, poco a poco han contribuido a un paulatino repunte en los niveles de la protesta social, en especial, entre agosto y octubre del 2022.
Nonequilibrium control of kagome metals
Authors: Grandi Francesco , Thomale Ronny , Kennes Dante M.
Published: November 2024

Exotic quantum order in kagome metals, i.e., quantum materials with a Fermi liquid parent state of electrons on a kagome lattice, has appeared as a vibrant emerging field of condensed matter physics. Already in a small kagome material subclass such as vanadium-based compounds AV$$_3$$

3

Sb$$_5$$

5

($$A=$$

A
=

K, Rb, Cs), the first wave of experimental exploration has brought about manifold evidence for hitherto largely elusive phenomena such as high-temperature charge ordering with orbital currents, nematic order, cascades of charge ordering transitions with hierarchies of ordering vectors, and unconventional superconductivity. We argue that kagome metals promise to be a prototypical ground for the nonequilibrium analysis of quantum order through time-dependent parameter control and manipulation. In particular, we propose to investigate the nematic character of kagome quantum order through light and strain pulses, as well as the nature of time-reversal symmetry breaking and chirality through properly polarized laser pulses.

Graphical abstract
Probing rapid solidification pathways in refractory complex concentrated alloys via multimodal synchrotron X-ray imaging and melt pool-scale simulation
Authors: Jobes Dillon K. , Liu Yuanren , Lopez Lucero , Oh Seunghee , Bucsek Ashley , Rubio-Ejchel Daniel , Tandoc Christopher , Hu Yong-Jie , Gordon Jerard V.
Published: November 2024

Refractory complex concentrated alloys (RCCAs) show potential as the next-generation structural materials due to their superior strength in extreme environments. However, RCCAs processed by metal additive manufacturing (AM) typically suffer from process-related challenges surrounding laser material interaction defects and microstructure control. Multimodal in situ techniques (synchrotron X-ray imaging and diffraction and infrared imaging) and melt pool-level simulations were employed to understand rapid solidification pathways in two representative RCCAs: (i) multi-phase BCC + HCP Ti0.4Zr0.4Nb0.1Ta0.1 and (ii) single-phase BCC Ti0.486V0.375Cr0.111Ta0.028. As expected, laser material interaction defects followed similar systematic trends in process parameter space for both alloys. Additionally, both alloys formed a single-phase (BCC) microstructure after rapid solidification processing. However, significant differences in microstructure selection between these alloys were discovered, where Ti0.4Zr0.4Nb0.1Ta0.1 showed a mixture of equiaxed and columnar grains, while Ti0.486V0.375Cr0.111Ta0.028 was dominated by columnar growth. These behaviors were well described by the influence of undercooling effects on columnar-to-equiaxed transition (CET). Distinct microstructure formation in each alloy was verified through CET predictions via analytical melt pool simulations, which showed a ~ 5 × increase degrees in undercooling for Ti0.4Zr0.4Nb0.1Ta0.1 compared to Ti0.486V0.375Cr0.111Ta0.028. Overall, these results show that microstructure control based on modulating the freezing range must be balanced with process considerations which resist defect formation, such as solidification crack formation in RCCAs.

Graphical abstract
Prácticas Escolares y Socioeducativas en el ámbito hispano-brasileño e iberoamericano
Authors: IFRN Periódicos
Published: November 2024

teste
COMPETENCIAS DIGITALES Y EMOCIONALES DEL PROFESORADO EN FORMACIÓN CONTINUA COMO VÍA PARA LA EQUIDAD SOCIAL
Authors: Gaeta González Martha Leticia
Published: November 2024

El presente trabajo ha tenido como propósito conocer las competencias digitales y emocionales de profesores en formación continua y su percepción respecto a su capacidad para ponerlas al servicio de una educación más equitativa. Participaron 98 docentes pertenecientes a dos universidades en el Estado de Puebla, México. Los datos se recogieron durante el curso 2022-2023, a través de un cuestionario específico basado en la herramienta SELFIE y el TMMS-24. Los resultados muestran que las competencias digitales de los profesores requieren ser abordadas de manera específica y es necesario reflexionar más sobre las necesidades y los usos sociales de la digitalización de la educación. A su vez, los profesores reconocen la relevancia de contar con los conocimientos necesarios el uso de las tecnologías de manera consciente, crítica y democrática en la docencia. Sin embargo, necesitan la formación suficiente que exige el nuevo paradigma educativo.
Treatment Approaches for Diffuse Cutaneous Mastocytosis in Children: Literature Review and Actual Clinical Experience
Authors: Valiev Timur T. , Murashkin Nikolay N. , Belysheva Tatiana S. , Misikova Zarina G. , Pronina Daria A. , Epishev Roman V. , Ivanov Roman A.
Published: November 2024

Background. Mastocytosis is a very rare disease with various manifestations, based on abnormal clonal proliferation of mast cells in organs and tissues, such as: skin, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis can be established according to clinical manifestations, laboratory, and instrumental data. Darier’s sign and histological examination are crucial for mastocytosis diagnosis. The presented clinical case describes very rare cutaneous form of mastocytosis. Clinical case description. The girl, 2.5 years old, was hospitalized with multiple erythematous papules on her body, face, and limbs. Comprehensive examination, including bone marrow biopsy and positron-emission tomography, allowed us to exclude mastocytosis systemic manifestations. Conclusion. Despite the fact that mastocytosis in children is mostly represented by skin form, it is necessary to perform complex patient examination on any systemic damage. Antihistamines in combination with topical and/or systemic glucocorticoids are often effective, but complete response does not always occur. Implementation of other therapeutic options, such as targeted drugs (tyrosine kinase inhibitors), is suggested In case of no or insufficient therapeutic effect.
Disease-Modifying Treatment of Psoriasis in Children
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Materikin Alexander I. , Epishev Roman V. , Leonova Mariya A. , Opryatin Leonid A. , Fedorov Dmitry V. , Ivanov Roman A. , Savelov Alena A. , Pavlov Ekaterina S.
Published: November 2024

Advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying chronic inflammatory skin diseases, such as psoriasis vulgaris, have led to implementation of new treatment options aimed at symptoms relieving. Moreover, this data may become the basis for new strategies to achieve sustained or treatment-free remission, that is disease modification with potential impact on comorbid conditions. However, achieving this goal requires further study of such crucial aspects as the terms of disease modification and disease activity indicators, deeper understanding of pathogenesis mechanisms, etiology, and systemic side effects, possible opportunities, biomarkers for successful patient stratification and intervention, as well as the adequate study design. Early intervention with genetically engineered biologic drugs such as secukinumab represents new paradigm shift in improvement of immune-mediated diseases outcomes. However, new evidence is needed to determine its efficacy in psoriasis. High level of sustained skin clearance observed on secukinumab therapy compared to standard treatment and phototherapy indicates the potential benefit of early biologic drugs treatment to achieve complete skin clearance and improvement in quality of life, education, and daily activities. It can also become a background for changing treatment strategies for patients with newly diagnosed moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Keywords: psoriasis, children, secukinumab, disease-modifying treatment