bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Women's Entrepreneurial Motivation in Mediating the Relationship Between Entrepreneurship Training and Entrepreneurial Intentions in the Rural
Authors: Rahmi Vembri Aulia , Handayati Puji Handayati , Djatmika Ery Tri , Ismanto Hadi Ismanto
Published: June 2022

There has been a shift in industrial business enterprise orientation withinside the future, initially oriented to business and is now turning into a socially-oriented industrial business enterprise. One of them is the idea of an inexperienced product commercial enterprise that treats waste as a commercial enterprise with a network commercial enterprise version. Community empowerment involves women's companies in Sukorejo Village in searching to form new groups withinside the waste industrial business enterprise sector. “Women's”-based entrepreneurship schooling is a form of initiation in building the inducement and entrepreneurial intentions of rural women. The goal of this commentary changed into to decide, How the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial motivation and purpose, and to discover out, whether there can be a mediating role in entrepreneurial motivation, related to the hyperlink amongst entrepreneurship training, and entrepreneurial intentions withinside the company of women who are managers, and administrators of BUMDesa "Podho Joyo". This study's technique uses quantitative strategies with SEM-PLS assessment and is assisted with the resource of the usage of the WarpPLS utility. The final results of those research located that there was a considerable effect of entrepreneurship schooling on entrepreneurial motivation, and entrepreneurial intention. However, there's no dating among entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial intention, so there's no mediating function among the connection among entrepreneurial training, and entrepreneurial intention.
The Effect of Experiential Marketing and Emotional Marketing on Customer Loyalty in “LGS” Showroom
Authors: Yacub Rudi , Saleh Khaerul , Putra Maha
Published: June 2022

Seiring dengan perkembangan transportasi yang semakin pesat, persaingan yang semakin ketat juga mendorong para pelaku bisnis untuk terus berinovasi dalam membuat strategi pemasaran guna menarik perhatian pelanggan dan menjaga loyalitas pelanggan. Pelanggan tidak hanya menilai produk dan layanan berdasarkan kualitasnya, tetapi juga melalui strategi pemasaran. Strategi pemasaran dapat dilakukan secara agresif melalui pendekatan experiential dan pendekatan emosional kepada pelanggan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh experiential marketing dan emotional marketing terhadap loyalitas pelanggan showroom LGS. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah non-probability sampling dengan tipe purposive sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 230 pelanggan showroom LGS dalam tiga tahun terakhir. Sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 70 pelanggan showroom LGS yang pernah melakukan pembelian berulang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan pengolahan data regresi linier berganda yang telah memenuhi syarat validitas, reliabilitas, dan uji hipotesis parsial uji-t, dengan program Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS versi 24). Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa experiential marketing dan emotional marketing berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan di showroom LGS.
PEMANFAATAN PELEPAH SAWIT MENJADI BRIKET SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF DI DESA ROTAN MULYA SUMATRA SELATAN
Authors: Lestari Nur Indah , Anrabel Rachman , Avinka Kristanti Brigitta , Qurniyati Qurniyati , Istianah Laila , Demsiana Nainggolan  , Maulani Rizki , Chandra M. Wahyu
Published: June 2022

Pelepah kelapa sawit merupakan jenis limbah padat yang dihasilkan sepanjang tahun oleh perkebunan kelapa sawit. Salah satu pengolahan pelepah kelapa sawit yaitu menjadi briket arang. Briket adalah arang yang diolah menjadi bentuk briket yang mempunya bentuk yang lebih menarik dan dapat digunakan untuk keperluan sehari-hari. Selain itu briket arang memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan arang kayu, memiliki nilai kalor yang lebih tinggi serta tidak berbau dan tahan lama. Artikel ini berupaya memberikan gambaran dan penjelasan terkait program kerja “pemanfaatan limbah pelepah sawit" meliputi proses, tahapan, hasil, dan manfaatnya. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan dengan model deskriptif- eksplanatif. Hasilnya, masyarakat menerima pemahaman dan wawasan baru dalam hal pemanfaatan limbah sawit. Selain itu, masyarakat dapat mengurangi limbah pelepah sawit yang ada di alam yang umumnya hanya menjadi limbah dan tidak dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Artikel ini terbatas pada pelaksanaan KKN Sumsel 19 Mandiri Putra Daerah Periode 1 2022. Artikel ini juga berkontribusi dalam keilmuan pertanian serta praktik dan strategi pengimplementasian poin SDGs.
Pengaruh Self Efficacy, Komitmen Organisasi dan Pelatihan terhadap Efektivitas Penyelenggaraan Sistem Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah
Authors: Wulandari Mutia , Afriyenti Mayar
Published: June 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of self efficacy, organizational commitment and training on the effectiveness of SAKIP implementation. This study uses agency theory and effectiveness theory. The population of this research is the Regional Apparaturs Organization (OPD) of Padang City and Pesisir Selatan Regency with purposive sampling method. The method of data collection is using a questionnaire that is distributed directly Respondents in this study were secretaries, heads of general and finance divisions in each agency within the Padang City Government and Pesisir Selatan Regency. Hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression analysis.The result showed that for Padang City self-efficacy and organizational commitment had no effect on effectiveness the implementation of SAKIP while, training has a significant effect on the effectiveness of implementation of SAKIP. And for Pesisir Selatan Regency, showed the results that self efficacy, organizational commitment and training has no significant effect on the effectiveness of implementation SAKIP.
Pengaruh Market Share dan Intellectual Capital terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Shadeni Ellis Al , NR Erinos
Published: June 2022

Financial performance is an activity of analyzing financial statements that is to see how far the company has carried out its duties in accordance with the established financial implementation rules. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of market share and intellectual capital with the VAIC method, there are VACA, VAHU and STVA on the financial performance of Islamic banking. This study uses quantitative data using multiple linear regression data analysis. The population in this study were Islamic banks registered in Indonesian banking in 2014-2019. The results of this study indicate that the market share has no significant effect on the financial performance of Islamic banking. VACA, VAHU and STVA has no significant effect on the financial performance of Islamic banking.
Pembelajaran Tematik Terpadu dengan Pendekatan Saintifik di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Reinita Reinita , Wahyuni Sri
Published: June 2022

This research is aimed to describe the improvement of integrated thematic learning process by using scientific approach. This was a classroom action research which used qualitative and quantitative approaches which is done in 2 cycles. The subject in this research is the teacher and 33 students of 1st grade in SDN 04 Birugo Bukittinggi. The result shows that the improvement: a) lesson plan in the first cycle was 83,33%, second cycle was 91,67%, b) Implemetation in teacher aspect in the first cycle was 81,67%, second cycle was 95%, c) Implementation in student aspect in the first cycle was 81,67%, second cycle was 95%. So, Scientific approach improve study of Integrated Thematic in elementary school.
Penerapan Model Group Investigation Terhadap Hasil Belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Siswa Kelas IV SDN 10 Ganting Padang
Authors: Nora Yulfia , Febrina Yolanda
Published: June 2022

This research was motivated by the learning process carried out by the teacher who tended to use the lecture and question and answer method so that student learning outcomes were still low. This research aims to determine the effect of the application of the group investigation learning model on the social studies learning outcomes of the fourth-grade students of SDN 10 Ganting Padang. This type of research is experimental research. The sample in this study were students of class IV A and IV B with a total of 55 students. Data collection techniques in this study using tests. From the research results, it is known that the average social studies learning outcomes of the experimental class students were 82.57 and the control class was 76.74. The based on the results of the hypothesis analysis using the t-test, it is known that tcount> table, with a count of 1.87 and at-table value of 1.67 at a significant significance level of 0.05, meaning that H1 is accepted. From these results, it can be concluded that there is an effect of the application of the group investigation model on the IPS learning outcomes of the fourth-grade students of SDN 10 Ganting Padang.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Menggunakan Model Discovery Learning Pada Pembelajaran Tematik di Kelas V SDN 20 Muara Jambu, Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Sari Dara Sukma
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study was to improve student learning outcomes in thematic learning using the Discovery Learning model in Class V SDN 20 Muara Jambu Kab. South Coast. This type of research is classroom action research (CAR). The approach used is quantitative and qualitative. The subjects of this study were the fifth grade teachers and fifth grade students, and researchers as practitioners. Data analysis used qualitative and quantitative data analysis, and the research instrument used RPP assessment sheets, teacher and student activities, test and non-test sheets. The conclusions of this study are: 1) The assessment of the percentage of RPP has increased from 79% in the first cycle to 95% in the second cycle. 2) The teacher aspect has increased from 81.25% to 93.75%. 3) The student aspect has increased from 81.25% to 93.75%. 4) Student learning outcomes have increased from the first cycle to get the percentage of completeness 76.19% increased to 95.23% in the second cycle.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Multimedia Interaktif Adobe Flash di Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Syupriyanti Lisa , Desyandri Desyandri
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this research is to develop the teach material of multimedia interactive adobe flash in 4th grade elementary school. The research is development and research that uses ADDIE models made up of analyze, design, development, implementation and evaluation. Research data is obtained from tests of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. Validating results are seen in terms of validation of content, language, and graph is 86,63% in highly valid categories. The results of the practice can be seen from the teacher’s response is 92,33% and the learner’s response is 90,6%. While the effective results can be seen from learners activities are 90,3 and the learning from the knowledge aspect is 84, the attitude aspect is 90 and the skill aspect is 91. The conclusion of the research is that the multimedia interactive adobe flash taught material developed for 4th grade elementary school is declared valid, practical and effective.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Metode Guided Discovery untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Fitriadi Fitriadi , Fitria Yanti
Published: June 2022

This study aims to develop a mathematics learning tool based on the guided discovery method in order to improve the problem solving abilities of fourth grade elementary school students. The type of research is development research with the Plomp model which consists of three stages, namely preliminary analysis, prototype development, and assessment. The results showed that the learning device was declared to be very valid with a score of 3.67, very practical with a score of 97.3, and effective with an average student learning outcome assessment of 76.23 and was above the KKM. Thus, this Mathematics learning tool with the Guided Discovery Model is highly recommended and suitable for use in elementary schools.
The Relationship Between The Tutor'S Learning Method With The Activity Of The Learners Package C In Pkbm Pratama, Pancung Soal District, Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Febriani Wisri , Jamaris Jamaris
Published: June 2022

This research was motivated by the activeness of learning residents in Package C at PKBM Pratama, Pancung Problem District, Peisir Selatan Regency, using the lecture method, discussion method, demonstration method, question and answer method, and practice methods in learning. This study aims to see an overview of the application of the learning methods used by tutors during PBM, to see the activeness of learning residents in participating in the PBM Package C process and the relationship between tutor learning methods and the activities of residents studying Package C at PKBM Pratama.This type of research is quantitative with a correlational approach. The population in this study were all learning residents who took part in the Package C Pratama program in 2020 as many as 112 people. While the sampling technique using the Simple Random Sampling technique, as many as 50% of the 112 people, namely 56 people. The data collection technique used a questionnaire distributed to the residents studying Package C, while the data analysis technique used the Percentage and Product Moment formulas.The results of this study indicate that the learning methods used by tutors are less varied so that the activeness of the learning community is categorized as low, and there is a significant relationship between the tutor's learning method and the activeness of the learning community in package C. The suggestion in this study is that tutors should use varied learning so that the activeness of the citizens more increased.Keywords: Learning Methods, Active Learning, Quantitative, Correlation
The Effect Of The Yanbu'A Method On The Success Of Reading-Writing The Qur'An By Students In Extracurricular Activities At Junior High School 31 Padang
Authors: Kurnia Fitri Wira , Jamaris Jamaris
Published: June 2022

This research is motivated by the low ability to read and write Al-Qur'an students at SMPN 31 Padang City. The low ability to read and write the Qur'an of students is an inappropriate learning method. This study aims to determine the effect of the Yanbu'a method using teaching aids and books from volume 1 to volume 4 on the success of reading and writing the Koran by students in extracurricular activities at SMPN 31 Padang City. This study uses a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental approach with a one group pretest – posttest design. The population and sample of this study were all extracurricular students reading and writing the Qur'an. Meanwhile, data analysis used paired sample t-test. The results of data collection and processing carried out can be concluded, reading and writing the Qur'an of students before being given action (pretest) is categorized as low, the average pretest value of the sample is in the sufficient section. The students' reading and writing of the Qur'an after being given the action (posttest) was categorized as high because the average posttest value of the sample was in the good and very good part. There is a significant effect on students' reading and writing after being given an action (posttest) through the use of the Yanbu'a learning method because the paired sample t-test test sig 0.000 <0.05. In addition, the suggestion that researchers put forward is that it is better for the extracurricular learning process to read and write the Koran using appropriate learning media according to the needs of students, with the application of the yanbu'a method it should be one of the interesting and fun learning media. Keywords: Influence, Yanbu'a Method, Extracurricular
The Importance Of Learning Strategies In Supporting Children'S Achievement In PAUD Institutions
Authors: Harahap Fitriana Sari , Ismaniar Ismaniar
Published: June 2022

The background of the article is that there are still many child development efforts that are not optimal in PAUD institutions. This is thought to be due to many factors, one of which is thought to be because the learning strategies used by educators are not appropriate. This study aims to reveal the importance of learning strategies in supporting children's achievement in PAUD institutions. This article was prepared using a descriptive method with a literature study approach. Sources of data for this research come from books, journals, mass media and online media that are relevant to the research. The results showed; 1) learning strategies greatly influence children's learning activities, 2) each child has different characteristics and different learning strategies as well, and 3) appropriate learning strategies for children can support children's achievement in PAUD institutions.Keywords: learning, support, children's achievement.
Parents' Parenting Pattern Description Ofslow Learner Children In Pandemic Situation Coronavirus Disease 19
Authors: Adhe Rizky Dea , Laily Nadhirotul , Hasana Muhimmatul
Published: June 2022

This study examines "The Overview of Parenting Patterns for Slow Learner Children in a Coronavirus Disease 19 Pandemic Situation". The selection of parenting patterns used in caring for slow learner children is indeed very important for the survival of the slow learner child's life. The aspects and factors that exist in this study determine the parenting style of the five subjects. This research uses descriptive qualitative research using data as a tool used to solve the problems that occur. The measuring instrument used is expected to be able to obtain accurate data and be able to dig deeper into other data. The results of this study are the five subjects using democratic parenting as the choice of parenting for slow learner children. The choice of democratic parenting is an effective thing in raising slow learner children. This was proven at the time of the interview and the grouping of the interview results based on the defined concept limits. Cultural factors in this study lead to the parenting pattern used by the subject's parents, until now some have been applied and some have replaced them with new parenting patterns. The factors of parental education in these five subjects are not very influential. Parents with low education still want the best for their children's education later. Socio-economic factors do not really affect the existing parenting. The impact resulting from this parenting pattern is that children tend to become more confident individuals, children are easy to interact and socialize with the environment even though it takes some time for it. However, children become individuals who understand the conditions and circumstances of their parents because their parents often provide understanding in certain situations. During the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic like this, parents are required to be teachers of their respective children, because the implementation of online schools is still valid today. It is hoped that further researchers will be able to provide an effective way for online learning as it is today.
The emergence and development of the cryptocurrency as a sign of global financial markets financialisation
Authors: Poskart Robert
Published: June 2022

The article presents one of the most important, in the author's opinion, manifestations of further intensification of the processes of financialisation of global financial markets, which was the emergence of decentralized digital currencies (so-called cryptocurrencies) based on blockchain technology. Their creation and existence on the global financial market have been widely considered as one of significant effect of the global financial crisis, which symbolic beginning is September 15, 2008, when one of the largest US investment banks Lehman Brothers collapsed. The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has only highlighted the importance of this effect of financialization. The purpose of the article is to present the impact of cryptocurrencies, including bitcoin, on the deepening of the processes of financialisation of modern financial markets. Author analysis is based on statistical data, on the literature review and documents of world financial institutions.
Characteristics of representation of cultural code as part of phraseological units with components “home”, “family” in Russian and Chinese languages
Authors: Grechneva Larisa Vsevolodovna , Shulyak Elizaveta Nikolaevna
Published: June 2022

Phraseologism as a linguoculturological phenomenon is a linguomethodologically significant phenomenon still interesting to linguists. The multiaspect studying the specificity of phraseological units is one of the main tasks of modern phraseology. Phraseological units are the prism of the language picture of the world of any nation and reflect both its spiritual and material components. Phraseological units, being nationally oriented units, are spe-cific. Both in Russian and in Chinese, phraseological units have their own cultural, linguistic and social characteristics. There are submitted for consideration the phraseological units that characterize the concepts of home, family in Russian and Chinese as a completely special cultural code through which specific meanings are transmitted. The connection of phraseology and cultural code is obvious, because culture, language and society are the main “spokesmen”, components of the national spirit. The cultural code is a key link in the interpretation of a phraseological unit, taking into account the national, cultural and linguistic features of the concept. On the material of the Russian and Chinese languages, we note the national and cultural specifics, in the selected phraseological units, we find such cultural settings that are initially present in the internal content of the form, Russian and Chinese phraseological turns, we determine their value content, we also give examples of the explication of cultural meanings, phraseological units in the process their perception by carriers. Despite the incompatibility of the language pictures of the world in Russian and Chinese languages, there can be found correspondences in the internal content of a phraseological unit based on linguocultural, comparative analysis or, on the contrary, its complete non-equivalence. The results

of the study are further intended to contribute to the development of the study of national and cultural specifics

of phraseological units
Teaching Russian phraseology at lessons of Russian as foreign language in culture-oriented linguistics
Authors: Shulyak Elizaveta Nikolaevna
Published: June 2022

At present, teachers of Russian as a second language aim at developing a linguistic and cultural competence among students asone of the main tasks of communicatively - oriented education. Initially, linguistic and regional studies as a direction of sociolinguistic research set only the didactic tasks, namely, mastering the language in the light of regional aspects, such as: speech etiquette, traditions, customs, historical facts expressed in the language. Recently, linguists have been actively studying the linguistic aspect on the basis of regional knowledge about the language, since regional knowledge tends to accumulate precisely in linguistic units. Teaching Russian as a foreign language based on the didactic side of linguistic and regional studies becomes the key to the successful application of modern methods

of language learning. The linguistic and cultural aspect of the study of Russian phraseology in a foreign audience is updated in connection with the need to form a systemic idea of the Russian language and wider culture among foreigners. Phraseological units, being a special layer of the vocabulary of the Russian language, need a special presentation in the lessons of Russian as a foreign language, since they are a reflection of the linguistic picture of the world

of the Russian people. The phraseology of the Russian language is a source of regional knowledge. The need to include phraseological units in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language can hardly be overestimated, since a foreign student must become a full-fledged participant in the communicative situation. This is the reason for the need to include phraseological units strictly based on the linguistic and cultural aspect.
Nuevas tendencias en los estudios homéricos. Introducción
Authors: Zecchin de Fasano Graciela C.
Published: June 2022

El presente dossier de Synthesis reúne un grupo de artículos que proporcionan perspectivas amplias y novedosas respecto de los poemas homéricos, que esperamos contribuyan al trazado de un panorama crítico sintético, pero certero, sobre los textos que inevitablemente constituyen el origen de la creación poética para el mundo griego antiguo y que poseen ya un valor patrimonial de “archivo” de la humanidad. Tal como el epígrafe clarifica, Homero nos excluye registrando nuestra trágica situación de distancia respecto de la creación poética, nuestra barbarie y, sin embargo, nos integra, sin escisión posible, en su hechizadora creación de belleza.
Oyendo una épica de héroes vivientes: momentos conectados al culto en la poesía homérica
Authors: Martin Richard P.
Published: June 2022

En el presente artículo se utilizan dos estudios de caso de mitos y rituales relacionados con Zeus y su reinado para sugerir nuevas formas de interpretar algunos pasajes clave de la Ilíada. El primer caso se centra en la veneración ritual del cetro de Agamenón en Queronea, mientras que el segundo caso examina las características del mito del rey lapita Ceneo en relación con el culto al héroe. Se expone un método de interpretación de lo que podría considerarse “religión” en Homero, vinculando las ficciones históricas de la épica con hechos de interacción con lo sobrenatural en comunidades griegas antiguas reales(en este caso, en Beocia y Tesalia). Se exploran tales vínculos y sus implicaciones poéticas para las composiciones homéricas más extensas (por ejemplo, los finales de la Ilíada y la Odisea), de modo de evitar el positivismo y la historización, que han sido endémicos de la erudición sobre problemas de este tipo.
Personificación y abstracción en el imaginario griego. Estudio de algunos términos de Homero a la época clásica
Authors: De la Villa Jesús
Published: June 2022

En este trabajo se estudia la distribución sintáctica de los términos griegos φόβος, δέος, αἰδώς y ἄλγος en Homero, Hesíodo, los tres tragediógrafos, Aristófanes, Heródoto, Tucídides y Jenofonte. El objetivo es el de hallar diferencias en su uso que reflejen una evolución de significado desde una concepción más animista y personalizada hasta una concepción como simples abstractos. Se analizan sobre todo los contextos verbales en que aparecen y, más en particular, cuando los términos son utilizados como Sujeto de la oración. Se comprueba que tales conceptos se unen con más frecuencia a verbos de carácter agentivo -aquellos que admiten una interpretación personalizada- en los textos más arcaicos o poéticos, mientras que este tipo de usos son en gran medida ajenos a la historiografía y Aristófanes.
Intromisiones líricas en Odisea
Authors: Zecchin de Fasano Graciela C.
Published: June 2022

Se suele explicar el origen de las composiciones líricas de la Literatura Griega Clásica utilizando como testimonio inicial pasajes de Ilíada, que refieren a un peán (I.472), a un himeneo (XVI.182) o a canciones danzadas (XVIII.560-570 y 590-605). El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar tres pasajes en los que es posible explorar dentro de Odisea, el juego de una performance de discursos líricos corales que fluyen bajo la coerción del formato épico. Se abordan el lamento de Penélope en el canto 4.722-734, la incidencia del ambiente del partenio en el canto 6.99-109 y la versión del treno de las Musas en los funerales por Aquiles en el canto 24.58-62.
Corona Virus Disease 2019 Pandemic Contributed to Pregnancy Devastating Outcomes in Low Income Countries
Authors: Yadufashije Callixte , Muhimpundu Liliane , Mwanzia Lydia , Sangano Georges Bahati
Published: June 2022

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a public health threat of the 21st century. This pandemic has unexpectedly occurred, and countries have faced challenges to implement the preventive strategies against this unexpected killer. Pregnancy is a critical state among women, and special care should be provided to prevent pregnancy related complications as early as possible. COVID-19 pandemic has restricted services provided to pregnant women due to some prevention measures and treatment programs. Previous studies reported the high increase of obstetric complications among women infected or ever infected by COVID-19. Depression, suicidal intention, low quality of life during pregnancy, gestational hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus, the premature rupture of membranes, miscarriage, preterm delivery, edema, maternal death, and hypoxia and other respiratory conditions were observed among women infected by COVID-19. Strategies for protecting pregnant women during pandemics should be enhanced to prevent pregnancy related complications and maternal death. There should be home health care nurses and midwives working with community health workers to assist pregnant women at home. Governments should develop policies and plans about maintaining maternal and child health during pandemics requiring travel ban and other prevention measures.
Practice and Prevalence of Antibiotic Self-Medication among Undergraduate Students at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Tanzania
Authors: Hussein Fat-hiya Abdi , Mawazo Akili , Mwakibinga Jacqueline J. , Malya Rosemary , Bakar Rukia Rajab , Saro Adonira T. , Kajeguka Debora Charles
Published: June 2022

Background: Antibiotic self-medication has been on the rise in different parts of the world. Antibiotic self-medication causes excessive antibiotic exposure to humans which is associated with many health risks including antibiotic resistance. The objective of this study was to assess practice and determine the prevalence of antibiotic self-medication among undergraduate students. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the practice and knowledge of antibiotic self-medication among undergraduate students. A total of 300 undergraduate students were purposively sampled. The association between categorical predictors and antibiotic self-medication waspresented as Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CIs) using logistic regression. Result: The prevalence of antibiotic self-medication among undergraduate students is 191(63.7%) with amoxicillin 103(53.9%) being the most used antibiotic for treatment of respiratory disorders 109(57.1%) and gastrointestinal disorders 50(26.2%). Pharmacy is the major source of antibiotics used for self-medication 165(86.4%). Delayed/queue in seeking hospitals services was the main reason for practicing antibiotic self-medication 74(38.7%). Conclusion: The study observed a high prevalence of antibiotic self-medication among undergraduate students. This calls for immediate implementation of public health programs aimed at increasing awareness of consequences that may results from antibiotic self-medication. At the policy-making level, there is an urgent need to legislate and enforce laws restricting access to antibiotics in Tanzania.
Prevalence and Predictors of HIV Infection among Under FiveYear Children Born to HIV Positive Mothers in Muheza District, North-Eastern Tanzania
Authors: Bwana Veneranda M. , Mboera Leonard E.G. , Mfinanga Sayoki G. , Simulundu Edgar , Michelo Charles
Published: June 2022

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic has become a serious public health concern worldwide. The prevalence of paediatric HIV infection is largely unknown in many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of HIV infection among under-5 years children in Muheza District, Tanzania. Methods: A facility-based study among mothers/guardians with their under-5 years children exposed to HIV infection was conducted from June 2015 to June 2016. Information on HIV status, socio-demographic and other family characteristics was collected using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using STATA version 13.0. Results: A total of 576 HIV-exposed under-5 years children were recruited together with their respective mothers/guardians. The HIV prevalence among under-5 years children was 10.6% (95% CI: 8.1-13.1%). The burden of HIV infection was observed among older children aged 25 to 59 months (AOR= 8.0, 95% CI 2.5-26.0) than in the younger children. There was a four-fold (AOR=3.9, 95% CI 1.7-9.1) risk of HIV infection among children born to mothers of unknown HIV status at conception than among children born to mothers with known HIV status. The odds of HIV infection were higher among children who were delivered from home (AOR=2.6, 95% CI 1.0-6.5), received mixed feeding (AOR=2.4, 95% CI 1.2-4.9), and those living far from a health facility (AOR=3.0, 95% CI 1.4-6.5). Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV among under-5 years children in Muheza is higher among older children. The high prevalence is associated with being born to mothers with unknown HIV status at conception, received mixed feeding, home delivery, and living far from the health facility. Campaigns that provide health educational massages addressing risk factors of HIV need to be emphasised in order to promote the control and prevention of HIV among children.
Aetiology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Bacteria Pathogens from Hospitalised Adult Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in North Eastern Tanzania
Authors: Mkinga Dorothy A. , Lyamuya Furaha S.
Published: June 2022

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a dynamic and a rapidly increasing health concern worldwide. However, it is unevenly distributed with limited data from the developing countries. In Tanzania, it is estimated that there is a higher prevalence of AMR pathogens among hospitalised patients in tertiary care hospitals than in lower level health facilities. This is associated with longer hospitalisation, increased health care costs and higher mortality rates. The aim of this study was to determine the aetiology and AMR pattern of bacteria isolates from adult patients admitted at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre. Methodology: A total of 487 participants were enrolled in a cross sectional study conducted from April 2018 to March 2019. Bacteria isolates were from blood 262 (52.4%), urine 147 (29.4%) and wounds 91 (18.2%). Conventional methods were used to determine bacteria species while antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by using the disc diffusion method. Results: The isolates were predominantly Gram-negative bacteria with Escherichia coli, the most common pathogen in blood 55 (21%) and urine 45 (30.6%) while Pseudomonas aureginosa18 (19.8%) was the most common isolate from wounds. There was 100% resistance to Ampicilin among E.coli, Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp.. Gentamycin resistance was high in E.coli 57/90 (56.7%), Klebsiella spp 27/58 (46.6%) and P. aureginosa 24/54 (44.4%) while resistance to Amikacin was low.There was high resistance to Ceftriaxone in E.coli 44/62 (70.9%) and Klebsiella spp21/36 (58.3%) and resistance to Ciprofloxacin was 67/92 (72.8%) and 26/55 (47.3%) in E.coli and Klebsiella spp respectively. A relatively lower Carbapenem resistance was observed. Conclusion: There is an alarming high AMR to commonly used antibiotics, leaving a few available options, which are more expensive and not easily available. Therefore there is an urgent need to strengthen efforts to curb AMR in this setting while focusing treatment on the local culture and sensitivity pattern.
Concurrent Infection With Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses in Humans and Mosquitoes: A Field Survey in Lower Moshi, Tanzania
Authors: Chilongola Jaffu O , Mwakapuja Richard S , Horumpende Pius G , Vianney John-Mary , Shabhay Ahmed , Mkumbaye Sixbert I , Semvua Hadija S , Mmbaga Blandina T
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Dengue and Chikungunya have re-emerged as important diseases of global concern. Co-infections with Dengue virus (DENV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) could have serious outcomes if not diagnosed and managed optimally. However, the key focal points for the maintenance of CHIKV and DENV infections and the extent of their co-infection remain poorly understood in many geo-ecologically distinct parts of Tanzania. Objective: We aimed to comparatively examine the prevalence and factors for seropositivity to DENV and CHIKV and their infection rates in humans and mosquitoes Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in the Lower Moshi area of the Kilimanjaro region from April to July 2020. DENV and CHIKV exposure was determined by detecting IgM to the viruses using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay whereas infection was determined by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. Results: Insecticide Treated Bed Net (ITN) use (χ2=3.504; p< 0.05), being ≥7 individuals living in the same household (χ2=4.655; p<0.05) and a recent travel to an urban destination (χ2=3.39; p< 0.05) were the only factors associated with CHIKV seropositivity. ITN use was the only factor associated with CHIKV infection (χ2=5.204; p<0.05). A recent travel to an urban destination (χ2=4.401; p< 0.05) was the only factor associated with DENV seropositivity. Five (1.5%) Ae. aegypti pools were positive for CHIKV whereas 1 (0.3%) was positive for DENV. Two Cx. pipiens, pools (1.9%) were positive for CHIKV. None of the Cx. pipiens mosquitoes was positive for DENV. No associations between DENV and CHIKV seropositivity was observed in humans but DENV infection was strongly associated with CHIKV infection (χ2 = 238.45; p<0.01). CHIKV infection was observed to be consistently higher in both, humans and mosquitoes. Conclusion: Detection of DENV and CHIKV in both humans and vector mosquitoes confirms that both viruses are actively circulating in the Lower Moshi area of Kilimanjaro region in Tanzania. Our findings point out the Lower Moshi area as a potential focal point for the maintenance of the two viruses and possibly other vector borne viruses. We call upon sustained active surveillance of arboviruses and other re-emerging infections to be better prepared for possible outbreaks by the viruses.
Soil Mineral Status, Plant Ionome and Agro-Morphological Traits of Schkuhria Pinnata (L.), An Antimalarial Herb: Implications for Cultivation
Authors: Nuwagira Catherine , Kagoro Grace-Rugunda , Adriko John , Tumusiime Julius , Weisheit Anke , Olet Eunice Apio , Tolo Casim Umba
Published: June 2022

Background: Schkuhria pinnata L., is an antimalarial plant that is highly threatened by the destructive harvesting methods and its collection largely relies on wild sources, that are also exposed to over-exploitation and habitat destruction. Aim of the study: The study aimed at figuring out where S. pinnata grows best and what its growth requirements are; in order to promote the informed cultivation practices and soil selection as a viable alternative to wild harvesting. The agronomical soil nutrient status of S. pinnata, and how it relates to the agro-morphological traits and plant ionome, clues on fertiliser formulations for soils where S. pinnata does not shrive were reported. Methods: A randomised complete block design was employed in agronomical experimental plots in different agro-ecological zones that host Bushenyi, Ntungamo and Kasese districts. Standard procedures for soil and plant analysis were used to analyse soil physicochemical and plant ionome parameters while agro-morphological traits were physically evaluated. Results: Results demonstrated that soil physicochemical characteristics differed significantly across the study sites (p ≤.05). S. pinnata significantly performed better in slightly acidic to neutral soils (pH between 5.87-7.25) in Kasese than in other sites. S. pinnata harvested from Kasese had the largest total leaf area (mean = 31.43 ± 2.41cm2) and the highest plant biomass (mean = 7.65 ± 0.64 g). Conclusion: The study concluded that S. pinnata grew best in slightly acidic to neutral, sandy loam, non-saline soils of Kasese in Western Medium-High Farmland
Analysis of Olympic and World boxing medalists from 1904 to 2019: The role of age, height, weight categories and nationality
Authors: Tasiopoulos Ioannis , Nikolaidis Pantelis T.
Published: June 2022

Study aim: To investigate the role of age, height, and weight categories on the performance of top nations and boxing medalists in Olympic Games (OG) (1904–2018) and World Championships (WG) (1974–2019).

Material and methods: Data were collected from 1,806 athletes using the website of International Boxing Association (AIBA), International Olympic Committee (IOC) and Wikipedia.

Results: The average age of medalists was ~24yrs with an increase of age (medium effect) across this 115 years period. Height was 1.76m and the super heavy category had significantly higher values by age and height compared to the other weight categories. The top medalists were three men with triple gold medals on OG and 13 over three on WC. Performance was associated with nationality (p < 0.01, medium effect), where a dominance of Cubans (211 medals) was observed.

Conclusion: These findings highlighted the importance of the long-term development and specialization of talent athletes for peak performance in elite competitions.
System Dynamic Theoretical Framework for Construction Management: A Case of Baltic States
Authors: Sirovs Toms
Published: June 2022

As a result of the rapid development of the construction industry, in recent years, research has increasingly used system dynamics (SD) modelling to determine the positive and negative causal feedback in various management processes. Given SD diverse approach to the management of construction companies and projects, it would be necessary to develop a framework for a system dynamics model (SDM) incorporating the main processes of the Baltic States by identifying and providing a systematic understanding of their distribution. Using literature analysis, this study provides the results of 79 selected scientific literature sources from 1991 to 2020. The obtained information is structured according to the annual volume of publications, country of affiliation, the most successful authors and the most popular scientific journals on the topic of the SD. With the assistance of bibliometric analysis and co-occurrence of keywords, system dynamics management processes in construction companies were structured, choosing the following separate elements: (1) project planning, (2) project management, (3) risk management, (4) project performance, (5) project productivity, (6) sustainability. Using a systematic approach, according to the framework of the model, the characteristics of each management process were classified and identified, dividing them into subgroups. The results of the analysis show that the overview of some SD components or processes is mostly provided, which emphasises its aspects and usability in company management, thus indicating the need to identify the framework of the process module. The introduction of the SD process framework in the company would gradually create a competitive advantage in market conditions.
Editorial
Authors: Oliveira Joana , Pereira André , Silva Joana
Published: June 2022

This special issue of University of Porto Journal of Engineering contains selected papers presented at the 4th Symposium on Engineering Physics that took place on the 28th and 29th of June 2021, in the Doctoral Congress in Engineering 2021. This symposium results from the joint organization by the Department of Engineering Physics of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP) and the Physics and Astronomy Department of the Faculty of Science of the University of Porto (FCUP). Following the previous editions, the 4th Symposium on Engineering Physics (EP) has received widespread contributions from all major Portuguese research institutions involved in EP fields. The submitted works depict the current scientific trends in Engineering Physics, and include topics as varied as optical and biosensors, smart materials, optoelectronics, nanotechnology, and quantum studies. The editors wish to thank all the authors for their participation and cooperation, which made this volume possible. Finally, they would like to thank the team of FEUP library, especially Luís Miguel Costa and Palmira Seixas, for the excellent cooperation during the preparation of this issue.
Study of LSPR Spectral Analysis Techniques on SPR Optical Fiber Sensors
Authors: Santos Paulo , Almeida José , Coelho Luis
Published: June 2022

Nanoparticles create localized surface plasmonic resonances (LSPR) with lower surrounding refractive index (SRI) sensitivities than their propagating SPR counterpart, originated in thin films. Historically, LSPR SRI sensitivities enhancements were achieved through spectral analysis methods that focus on unique spectral features. Herein, a study using that methodology was applied on SPR devices resulting in an increased sensitivity to SRI. It was found that by applying the inflection point method on optical fiber SPR sensors resulted in both sensitivity and resolution increments up to 44 and 35 %, respectively, in the SRI range from 1.3333 to 1.4150. Thus, successfully improving sensing capabilities of SPR based optical fiber sensors.
Fine Powder Proportional Counters for Neutron Detection
Authors: Duarte Nuno , Marcos João , Amaro Fernando
Published: June 2022

A novel neutron detection approach is presented, consisting of a neutron sensitive aerosol obtained by dispersing B4C fine powder in a gaseous proportional counter operating in continuous flow, which proved to effectively detect thermal neutrons. This technique shows potential to be an affordable alternative to 3He neutron detectors, providing an additional mechanism to overcome the 3He shortage crisis that compromises the deployment and maintenance of neutron detectors in research facilities and security applications. The effect of the B4C nanoparticles in the charge gain and energy resolution of a proportional counter filled with Ar-CH4 (90%-10%), by irradiation with x-rays from a 55Fe source shown an average gain loss of 36% and increase in energy resolution (FWHM) by 15% (absolute value). Results obtained by thermal neutron irradiation are also presented, showing neutron captures in which the simultaneous energy deposition of both reaction products from the 10B neutron capture reaction was achieved.
Two-terminal Resistive-switching Memories based on Liquid AgNO3 as Artificial Synapses
Authors: Silva Andreia , Dias Catarina , Ventura João
Published: June 2022

The brain presents impressive characteristics, like memory retention and learning capabilities at low energy consumption, making it the most efficient computational entity known. A promising candidate for the task of mimicking the brain is a new generation of devices showing resistive switching, a process that resembles the synaptic behavior, namely the liquid-based resistive-switching memory (LRSM). Here we present a two-terminal structure that works based on a solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3) and a silver (Ag) electrode. Furthermore, since the goal is to mimic the behavior of synapses, the dynamical properties of resistive switching, endurance and data retention were studied. Low operation power was further achieved (<0.5 V, 0.1 mA). Finally, taking advantage of the liquid medium, in which the synaptic behavior occurs, a flexible device was built using microchannels in Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) that allowed for the harvesting of the silver nitrate and the insertion of a silver and copper electrode.