bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What’s in Their Words? How STEM Game Design Participants Discuss Their Projects, Motivation, and Success Differently
Authors: Bressler Denise M.
Published: February 2022

This study explored whether participation in a high school STEM game design enrichment program influenced students’ discussions of project goals, motivation, and success. Seventeen high school students were included in the study, seven participated in the game design program, while ten were traditional students. Post-interviews were conducted using a semi-structured protocol in order to capture students' lived experience in a rich, meaningful way. Transcripts were qualitatively coded by two researchers. Connections between codes were analyzed using epistemic network analysis. Based on experience grouping, we investigated whether there was a difference in how students discussed (1) their projects? (2) their motivation? (3) their success? First, our findings revealed that traditional students discussed performance goals, while game design participants discussed learning goals. Second, game design participants discussed intrinsic motivation while traditional students discussed extrinsic motivation. Third, game design participants discussed persistence in relationship to their success; traditional students did not attribute their success to persistence. Overall, our combined results indicate that traditional students were performance-oriented, while game design participants were mastery-oriented. Designing STEM games is one potential method for helping students develop the mastery orientation that they need for success in future STEM careers and for their future in general.
Studentification and Urban Transformation: A Sustainable Perspective
Authors: Shi Fei
Published: February 2022

As one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), sustainable cities and communities has become a common pursuit in the contemporary urban era. Hence, a sustainable perspective is sensible to scrutinize tremendous urban transformation in rapidly growing global cities. This paper focuses on studentification-induced urban transformation and attempts to establish an evaluation framework revolving around sustainability through a systematic review of relevant literature on studentification. The new framework is designed to be more global, mutually beneficial, and operable, consisting of 5 dimensions, 19 criteria, and 37 indicators. Subsequently, an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is suggested to analyze the value of indicators. Finally, this paper contributes to the research on sustainable urban transformation. There is a need to pay more attention to local constructs and the estimation of weights in the index system for studentification-induced urban transformation within the rubric of sustainability.
Psychological Effects on Interpreter’s Performance: An Overview of Related Theories and Studies
Authors: Cai Mianmian
Published: February 2022

Interpreters’ psychological quality is an inseparable component of the study on interpretation. This paper attempts to deal with the influence of the psychological impact on interpreters, aimed at giving an outline of the relations between interpreter’s individual temperament and their performances, for the purpose of raising the awareness of the improvement of interpreters’ psychological quality and therefore perfecting interpretation. The author analysed some problems and proposed some tactics to deal with them. Hopefully readers might draw referential experience from the provided tactics and learn something to their advantage.
Nowe Stare Miasto w Elblągu – wieloaspektowość interwencji w obszarze zabytkowym
Authors: Wiśniewska Katarzyna
Published: February 2022

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przegląd zasad ingerencji w obszarze zabytkowym poprzez chronologiczne przedstawienie różnych koncepcji odbudowy Starego Miasta w Elblągu, jako teoretycznych podstaw odbudowy oraz ukazanie przemian w podejściu do projektowania nowej zabudowy w obszarze zabytkowym. Konsekwentna odbudowa Starego Miasta w Elblągu od prawie czterech dekad jest ugruntowana teoretycznie i dostosowana do współczesności. Poprzez przykłady i określenie faz odbudowy Starego Miasta w Elblągu, chciałabym poddać refleksji, czy retrowersja jest procesem dostosowującym się każdorazowo do nowych współczesnych potrzeb, czy raczej retrowersja jako autorska metoda zakończyła się w 2002 roku wraz z zaprzestaniem nadzorowania projektów przez jej autorkę i od dziewiętnastu lat obserwujemy po prostu proces budowy Nowego Starego Miasta.
Aplikasi Monitoring Peralatan, Bahan Laboratorium Menggunakan Metode Sequential Search di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Genetika UNAS
Authors: Rohadi Chairil , Fitri Iskandar , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: February 2022

The Faculty of Biology at the National University has a Microbiology and Genetics laboratory which is used for practicum activities, research, and fieldwork lectures. At the analysis stage, problems were found, namely in recording the use of equipment and materials used by students for research activities still using conventional methods, this resulted in delays in managing and conveying information. Adequate lecture facilities are an important aspect in helping the teaching and learning process. Based on the background of the problem, the author aims to make the equipment monitoring process more efficient, using Android-based devices. The author uses the Sequential search method in the process of monitoring equipment in the laboratory. This research was tested using black-box testing and white box testing by distributing questionnaires conducted using a Likert scale with a value range of 5 to 25 student correspondents with an average value for software testing = 4.6; Interface = 4.44; Software features = 4.32; item search feature = 4.08; with the final mean = 4.09.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Peminjaman Ruangan Pertemuan di Universitas Nasional Berbasis Web
Authors: Suryadi Suryadi , Fitri Iskandar , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: February 2022

The National University has a number of rooms that can be used by the entire academic community to support their activities. Currently, the use of the room is managed by the General Administration Unit (BAU) of the National University. Anyone who will use the room must apply for a permit to the BAU unit. The problem is, currently the existing process is still manual where the borrower must come directly to the unit. If the room has been borrowed by someone else or the BAU unit admin is not in place, then the borrower's efforts will be in vain. This is certainly not effective and efficient. This research designs and develops a Web-based application for borrowing meeting rooms at the National University. The application was designed using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) tool and developed with the PHP and MySQL languages. The result of this research is the availability of room loan applications at the National University. The results of testing the logic path with the white box testing method, testing is carried out on the admin and borrower flowcharts resulting in cyclomatic complicity 8, region 8, and independent path 8 logic paths that are good and have good functionality based on the black box method testing.
Effect of Build Orientation on Load Capacity of 3D Printed Parts
Authors:   Maharishi School of Engineering & Technology, Maharishi University of Information Technology, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), India., Katiyar Prabhash Chandra , Singh Bhanu Pratap ,   Maharishi School of Engineering & Technology, Maharishi University of Information Technology, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), India., Chhabra Munish ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mordabad Institute of Technology, Moradabad (Uttar Pradesh), India., Parle Dattatraya ,   Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre, The University of Sheffield, South Yorkshire, United Kingdom – S605WG.
Published: February 2022

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most commonly used 3D printing technologies for creating complex parts from a Computer Aided Design (CAD) model. It is observed that mechanical strength of 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) parts are affected by various parameters associated with part, process, material and operating conditions. One of the key parameters that influences tensile and flexural strength of 3D printed PLA parts is build orientation. Researchers have investigated the effect of a limited number of build orientations on tensile strength. Moreover, less work has been reported which studies the effect of build orientation on flexural strength. None of the studies modeled tensile load and bending load as a function of thickness and compared tensile loading capacity with flexural loading for different orientations. Therefore, an attempt is made to include a greater number of build orientations that occur during 3D printing of complex PLA parts. Build orientations considered in this study are flat, flat-support, edge, edge-45, upright and upright-45 with three thicknesses i.e., 1.2 mm, 2.0 mm and 2.8 mm. Tensile and flexural tests are performed as per American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. Experimental results show that six orientations form two groups i.e., strong orientation group and weak orientation group. PLA appears stronger in tensile loading than bending. Edge orientation is strongest during tensile as well as bending loading whereas upright orientation is weakest in tensile loading and upright-45 orientation is weakest in bending. Force trends, it can be concluded that thickness can be minimized where build orientation belongs to the strong orientation group. Similarly, thickness can be increased where build orientation belongs to the weak orientation group.
Ma quante declinazioni per il verbo declinare!
Authors: Setti Raffaella
Published: February 2022

Diversi lettori ci chiedono lumi sul significato del verbo declinare. Cerchiamo di fare di chiarezza.
PENGARUH TERAPI BERMAIN (MEWARNAI) TERHADAP TINGKAT STRES PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH YANG MENJALANI PHYSICAL DISTANCING DI RW 03 KELURAHAN KEDUNGDORO KECAMATAN TEGALSARI SURABAYA
Authors: Permatasari Galuh , Ernawati Dwi , Dwi Anggoro Sapto
Published: February 2022

Abstract : Physical distancing is an action that used to stop the spread of covid-19 desease. Nowadays, the Physical distancing which is done have the impact of the children psychology problems such as stress. The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of coloring play therapy toward children's stress levels in a school age who is through the physical distancing at RW 03, kedungdoro village, Tegal sari districts, Surabaya city. The type of research was using quasy-eksperimental method with pre test-post control group design approach. The number of samples on this research were 52 children of school age and divided into 26 respondents into the  intervention group and 26 respondents into the control group, by using simple random sampling techniques and questionnaire as a measuring instrument. The data analysis was using Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The result of this research showed that p value 0,001 (p < 0,05) had an influenced of coloring play theraphy toward children's stress level in a school age who was through physical distancing at RW 03, kedungdoro village, Tegal sari districts, Surabaya city. The implications of this research was to reduced stress in a school age who was through physical distancing by doing the coloring play therapy everyday during 20-30 minutes in a free time.
PERAN SUJOK DALAM REHABILITASI PECANDU NARKOBA DI PONPRES SALAFIYAH SABILUL HIKMAH MALANG
Authors: Wulandari Mayang , Mahadini Chantika
Published: February 2022

Narkoba merupakan ancaman besar bagi generasi muda bangsa Indonesia. Survei dari Badan Narkotika Nasional (BNN) dan Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) menunjukkan 2,3 juta pelajar atau mahasiswa di Indonesia pernah mengonsumsi narkotika. Sujok adalah metode di mana tangan dan kaki digunakan untuk perawatan medis. Tangan dan kaki memiliki sistem penyembuhan yang tepat untuk menyembuhkan penyakit pada tubuh manusia dalam hal ini akan digunakan untuk mengatasi kecemasan pada pecandu narkoba.            Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah untuk Menganalisis Pengaruh Intervensi Sujok Untuk Membantu Kesiapan Pecandu Narkoba Dalam Menjalani Rehabilitasi Di Ponpes Salafiyah Sabilul Hikmah Malang.            Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan        pre-experimental design dengan pretest-postest design. Responden adalah 14 orang santri Ponpes Sabilul Hikmah yang mengalami kecanduan narkoba, data diambil dengan menggunakan URICA untuk mengetahui kesiapan responden dalam menjalani rehabilitasi dengan terapi sujok media cincin, hasil yang didapatkan adalah ada pengaruh terapi sujok menggunakan cincin pijat dalam mendukung kesiapan pecandu narkoba untuk mengikuti rehabilitasi.            Bagi akademik, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi baru tentang Intervensi Sujok Untuk Membantu Kesiapan Pecandu Narkoba Dalam Menjalani Rehabilitasi dan membuka kesempatan pengembangan keilmuan berkelanjutan melalui penelitian berikutnya tentang kecemasan pecandu narkoba.
USE OF THE SHOCK INDEX TO PREDICT MATERNAL OUTCOMES IN WOMEN WITH OBSTETRIC HAEMORRHAGE FROM A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
Authors: Rutuja Raundal , Vidyadhar Bangal , Parth Khunadia , Ashlesha Pawar
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: To assess usefulness of shock index and the different vital signs in predicting the maternal outcomes in the cases of obstetric
haemorrhage. METHODS:Aprospective descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in cases of obstetric haemorrhage. Data of vital signs;
systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure and shock index at time of arrival was recorded. Maternal
outcome in the form of morbidity, mortality, need for admission to intensive care unit, massive transfusion and invasive procedures was observed
and analysed. RESULTS: The mean age of participants in years (SD) was 24.27 (±3.09). The mean value of HR 108.52.1±21.03, SBP101.26 ±
13.55 mmHg, DBP 59.28±18.30 mmHg, SI 1.22±0.36 and mean blood loss 1452.03± 727.56. There was a signicant association between shock
Index and pregnancy outcomes, level of consciousness, amount of blood loss, unit of blood transfusions required and ICU admissions.
Conclusion: Shock index value is a reliable and consistent marker to predict the adverse maternal outcome and requirement of amount of blood
transfusion and need for intensive care due to obstetric haemorrhage.
Organizational weapons and their latent impact to the social and communication space
Authors: Senchenko Mykola
Published: February 2022

A distinctive feature of modern geopolitics is not a direct intervention in the internal affairs of another state, but a consistent, latent influence on its weakest aspects of life, with a gradual increase in pressure, which leads to destabilization of the situation. Through the use of "managed chaos" and "soft power" strategies, the organizers achieve significant success with minimal cost of resources and resources and provide an external illusion of non-involvement in the ensuing chaos. The paper deals with the aspects of the use of organizational weapons (OW) and "colored revolutions" to overthrow governments of the world and to form power in them, controlled by the aggressor.
It was emphasized that the organizational weapons are based on special organizational management reflection technologies. They are an ordered set of methods (models, programs, strategies, procedures, forms) for the implementation of constantly improving management decisions. The constituent parts of OW are: organizational information weapons, organizational financial, organizational, administrative, organizational, organizational, educational, organizational and other types of weapons.
The mechanisms of "color revolutions" — a new type of political technology for changing political power are analyzed. Most often, this is a series of mass street protests of the population, which ends with the overthrow of the political regime, such as in a number of countries of Eastern Europe, the post-Soviet space, Southeast Asia, North Africa, without military participation.
The strategies of "indirect action" and "soft power", which serve as important tools for the destruction of statehood and reformatting of geopolitical spaces, are considered. Today these are the most effective means of geopolitical struggle in the international arena, which is actively used by the establishment of Western powers to destroy or weaken real and potential adversaries.
System of scientific and information support of agricultural complex of Ukraine
Authors: Kapralyuk Oksana
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes the current state of information resources formed at different levels of government. The characteristics of the national system of scientific and technical information on agriculture are presented. It is stated that the main users of scientific and technical information in the field of agriculture are the following three categories, selected according to the nature of activity: scientists; commodity producers; executives, managers. Features of their information support are given. It is noted that among the sectoral information systems, information systems play an important role in the development of the agro-industrial complex of the country: the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Agriculture of Ukraine, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine and the systems of their subordinate organizations and institutions, as well as agricultural libraries, advisory services, UkrINTEI, State Enterprise "Ukrainian Research and Training Center for Standardization, Certification and Quality", the State Statistics Committee, industry associations, information portals and others. Together, they form an integrated information system. Effective and high-quality provision of information needs of agricultural specialists is impossible without the information resources, which are traditionally handled by the agricultural libraries headed by the National Scientific Agricultural Library (NSAL) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The main priority of the latter is the disclosure and presentation of existing documents, as well as access to a wide range of physical and virtual users. In this direction, the active creation of its own electronic database "online catalog Ukragroteka" is active, with a total volume of more than 550 thousand records, of which 52 thousand — full-text publications. The tasks for the creation of the national agricultural bibliography, presented by 13 biobibliographic series, are successfully implemented. Since 1999 the systematic quarterly abstract journal "Agroindustrial Complex of Ukraine" has been published quarterly.
أسلوب التعبير عن المنتظر في العهد القديم
Authors: الموسوي مناف , عبد فكري , محسن زينة
Published: February 2022

تعرض العهد القديم إلى فكرة الانتظار والمنتظر وقد وردت نصوص كثيرة تشير إلى ذلك, وكان أسلوب الكناية هو المصطلح المعبر عن المنتظر كما سيتضح في المطالب اللاحقة, وتجدر الإشارة إلى أنّ التراث اليهودي قد عبّر عن هذه الفكرة وذكر للمنتظر صفات متعددة وحاول تطبيقها على شخصيات كثيرة كما تذكر المصادر التراثية والحديثة منها لكنها لم تنطبق تمام الانطباق فضلا عن عدم تحقق النبوءات التي وردت في الكتاب المقدّس, ومازالت هذه المواصفات إلى الآن غير متحققة فيما يصبو إليه اليهود على وفق المواصفات والأساليب المعبرة عن المنتظر في العهد القديم, ونهدف في هذا البحث إلى إبراز المعنى العبري للمنتظر في العهد القديم, والأساليب المعبرة عن صفاته في النصوص التوراتية وتحليلها بلاغيا ونحويا, وسيعرض هذا البحث المطالب الآتية:
أولا: المعنى العبري للمنتظر في اللغة العبرية.
ثانيا: الوعد بالمنتظر في العهد القديم والبشارة به.
ثالثا: أسلوب التعبير عن المنتظر في العهد القديم بذكر صفاته.
التحليل المكاني للسكن العشوائي في مدينة بغداد
Authors: فليح مهيب
Published: February 2022

لقد رافقت ظاهرة السكن العشوائي تطور المدينة منذ القرن التاسع عشر، وخصوصا بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية ، ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺨل ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻤرار ﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻟﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺠل الاسر الجديدة، ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ تركوا الحياة ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺩﻴﺔ بالسكن ﻤﻊ عوائلهم. فقد ظهرت هذه الحالات بشكل واضح في المدن الغربية خلال وبعد الثورة الصناعية ، ولكن هذه المشكلة استفحلت حتى وصلت إلى دول العالم الثالث في الخمسينات من القرن الماضي، فأصبحت بذلك مشكلة عالمية ،  ولاقت اهتمام من قبل الباحثين على كافة اختصاصاتهم . ففي منتصف الخمسينات وبداية الستينات من القرن الماضي ازدادت هجرة السكان في دول العالم الثالث من الريف إلى المدنية بشكل كبير جدا ، مما أدى إلى التضخم الكبير للمدن واتساع رقعة المخالفات العشوائية فيها.
ولعل مشكلة السكن العشوائي من اكبر المشاكل التي تعاني منها مدينة بغداد كون ان هذه المشكلة تمس بالدرجة الاولى الحاجة الاولوية للانسان الا وهي السكن المريح والصحي ، كما وان السكن العشوائي يشكل عائق كبير ومحدد امام تنفيذ العديد من الخطط الاستراتيجية للمدينة ظهيرها.
سياسة إيران المائية تجاه العراق وانعكاساتها على النشاط الاقتصادي دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية
Authors: الحجيمي خالد
Published: February 2022

يشترك العراق مع إيران بمجموعة من الروافد والنهيرات التي تغذي نهر دجلة حيث قامت دول أعالي حوض النهر (تركيا وإيران) العديد من مشاريع الري والسدود لتخزين المياه، مما يؤثر على الوارد المائي للعراق كما ونوعا، دون مراعات لحقوق العراق كونه دولة متشاطئا معهما، ونتيجة لضعف تحكم العراق في مياهه السطحية فقد واجه تهديدات خطيراً ومباشرة شمل أغلب أنشطته الاقتصادية، تمثل بانخفاض انتاجية الحيازة الزراعية وتقلص مساحة الاراضي المروية، أضافة إلى تدهور الصناعة والتجارة وتوقف تام لأغلب المصانع والمعامل التي تحرك عجلة الحياة ، في حين كانت صادرات إيران المتنوعة للعراق تأخذ حيزا كبيرا مما تجعل العراق في تبعية اقتصادية لإيران.
أثر التدقيق المشترك على استقلالية مراقبي الحسابات دراسة ميدانية لعينة من مكاتب مراقبي الحسابات في العراق
Authors: صالح بكر
Published: February 2022

لا يختلف أحد على ان التقارير والقوائم المالية التي تصدرها الشركات في نهاية المدة المحاسبية تمثل الشغل الشاغل للأطراف ذات العلاقة المباشرة وغير المباشرة مع تلك الشركات، ويزداد معها القلق عن مدى صحة وسلامة تلك البيانات حتى بعد تدقيقها خاصة بعد الصعوبات الكبيرة التي واجهتها شركات التدقيق بعد الانهيارات والفضائح حول تواطؤ بعض من كبريات شركات التدقيق في العالم بالتلاعب بمحتويات القوائم المالية لبعض الشركات مثل شركة انرون للطاقة وغيرها وما نتج عنها من اختلال الثقة بمهنة التدقيق، مما توجب البحث عن بدائل أخرى تعيد الهيبة والثقة المفقودة بمهنة التدقيق مع التأكيد على أهمية استقلالية مراقب الحسابات دون التعرض لأية ضغوط او مغريات فد تؤثر على نزاهته وحكمه النهائي. ولذلك جاءت فكرة التدقيق المشترك والتي تقوم على أساس قيام شركتين او أكثر من شركات التدقيق بتدقيق القوائم المالية لوحدة اقتصادية معينة مع تشاركهم بالمسؤولية القانونية والتضامنية عن النتائج التي يتم التوصل اليها. وعليه يهدف البحث الى بيان أثر التدقيق المشترك على استقلالية مراقب الحسابات عند تنفيذ مهام التدقيق المشترك من خلال تحديد مفهوم التدقيق المشترك واهميته واهدافه فضلا عن بيان مفهوم الاستقلالية بشكل عام واستقلالية المدقق بشكل خاص. وقد تم اختيار عينة من مكاتب مراقبي الحسابات في العراق والوطن العربي لبيان مدى تأثير التدقيق المشترك على استقلالية مراقبي الحسابات عن طريق تصميم استمارة استبانة وتوزيعها على مجتمع البحث وعينته الكترونيا بسبب النتائج المترتبة على تفشي فايروس كورونا وصعوبة الاتصال المباشر مع المبحوثين، وتم استخدام البرنامج الاحصائي SPPS لتحليل البيانات واستخراج النتائج. وقد توصل البحث الى العديد من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات والتي يمكن توضيحها بالآتي:

اتفاق غالبية افراد عينة الدراسة على وجود علاقة وتأثير إيجابي للتدقيق المشترك على استقلالية مراقبي الحسابات وبنسبة (96.75%) وبوسط حسابي مقداره (2.902 %) من المقياس المستخدم في الاستبانة.
توجد علاقة ارتباط ايجابية ودًالة معنوية بين التدقيق المشترك واستقلالية مراقبي الحسابات إذ بلغ معامل الارتباط البسيط بينهما (0,632).

ويوصي الباحثان بضرورة التأكيد على تعميم فكرة التدقيق المشترك لتدقيق البيانات المالية للشركات المساهمة على مستوى القطر لما له من أثر إيجابي على تحسين جودة عملية التدقيق.
Effects of Ultrasonic Scaling at Different Power Settings on Surface Roughness of a Class V Composite Restorative Material: An in Vitro Study
Authors: Boopathi Dr. Thangavel , Manimaran Dr. Sekar , Sebeena Dr. Mathew , Karthick Dr. Kumaravadivel , Deepa Dr. Natesan Thangaraj
Published: February 2022

Aim: This study evaluated the effects of the ultrasonic scaling on the surface roughness of the restorative materials at different power settings. Materials and Methods: 48 specimens of rectangular recesses (12x8x1.5mm) of Teflon molds were made, filled with a nanohybrid composite resin and cured. Pre-ultrasonic surface roughness was measured using Surface Roughness Tester. The specimens were divided randomly into 2 groups with each group consisting of 24 specimens. The group 1 and group2 specimens were subjected under medium and high power setting ultrasonic scaling respectively. Post-ultrasonic surface roughness was measured as mentioned previously. Data were analysed with paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 16.0. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed that surface roughness of the restorative material increased after ultrasonic instrumentation. Intergroup comparison revealed that post-ultrasonic surface roughness was more in the high power setting when compared to the medium power setting. Conclusion: It is recommended to use medium power setting ultrasonic scaling and to repolish the restorations to bring down the surface roughness to the clinically acceptable level.
Inequitable Access to Quality Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in Kenya
Authors: Beatrice Limo J. , Muchimuti Erastus
Published: February 2022

Education is a basic human right as was declared by the United Nations in 1948. Most governments including Kenya have tried to implement free and compulsory basic education. It also subscribes to various international protocols such as Education for All (EFA) in Jomtien, Thailand 1990 and the World Education Forum in Dakar, Senegal, 2000. Since then, the Kenya Government in her Education Sector Strategic Plan and Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2005 has articulated how to attain goals for education. At primary school level where children stay longest in the schooling years and they develop more motor skill, further cognitive skills along with higher socialization than the early childhood education level, has children failing to access education due to poverty, gender imbalances, regional imbalances among other concerns. Secondary education which creates a human capital base higher than primary education along with training youth for further education and the world of work registers restriction to many children due to concerns of poverty, gender imbalances, and insecurity regional disparity among others. This paper articulates in detail the above concerns discussing their manifestations in Kenya. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations made on how to improve access to basic education in Kenya. Among the recommendations are: To make basic education free and compulsory, improve the provision of health services, intensify fight against demeaning cultures, give special attention to children with disabilities, avail employment opportunities to the youth, assure security to all in conflict-prone regions and tighten bursary disbursement procedures.
Application of the Clinical Nurse Career Path Pattern at Regional General Hospital in Aceh Province
Authors: Rinaldi Rinaldi
Published: February 2022

Career path is a tiered pattern used to improve nurse performance and professional competence. Regional General Hospitals in Aceh Province were used as the research site to enhance nurse competence by implementing a clinical career path pattern. The Objective of the study was to determine the application of the clinical nurse career path pattern from the perspective of a nurse manager at a regional general hospital in Aceh Province. A qualitative method and phenomenological approach involving 10 correspondence was used with characteristics as nurse managers with a minimum educational background of Diploma III in nursing, and had worked for four years in a hospital. Then, the data were analyzed using the Colaizzi method. This research resulted in 3 themes that became obstacles in applying career path, including reduced implementation of clinical nurse re-credential, the lack of management support and commitment, and limited resources for applying career path pattern. The application of the pattern of professional clinical nurse career paths has not run optimally. Therefore, the hospital and nursing management should support and be committed to planning career path pattern. This include planning the HR needs, compiling and ratifying guidelines, conducting explicit socialization and re-credentials. They should also provide rewards through career development in the form of education and training following the competency gap of nurses.
Factors Relating to the Utilization of Health Services at the Naioni Community Health Center (Puskesmas) in Alak Subdistrict, Kupang City in 2021
Authors: Nurdin Widya Y. , Regaletha Tadeus A. L. , Dodo Dominirsep O.
Published: February 2022

Every health service must have a goal so that the highest level of health can be achieved. One of the health service facilities that have a goal is the puskesmas. Puskesmas is a health service facility that organizes primary health efforts, namely health efforts that become the community's first contact with health services. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between education level, occupation, accessibility, facilities and facilities, staff attitudes, and family support with the utilization of health services at the Naioni Community Health Center, Alak District. The type of research used is descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The method used is a cross sectional study. To obtain data in the field is done by interviewing using a questionnaire to 99 respondents and taken by cluster sampling. Respondents in this study were residents who were in the working area of the Naioni Community Health Center which consisted of 3 villages, namely Naioni Village (18 respondents), Manulai II Village (46 respondents), and Batuplat Village (35 respondents). The results of the study were analyzed using thetest chi-square showing that there is a relationship between accessibility (p = 0.000), facilities and facilities (p = 0.007), attitude of officers (p = 0.000), and family support (p = 0.000) with the utilization of health services in Naioni Community Health Center. While the variables of occupation (p = 0.325) and education (p = 0.258) did not have a relationship with the utilization of health services at the Naioni Health Center, Alak District, Kupang City.
HUBUNGAN PANJANG BERAT DAN FAKTOR KONDISI IKAN LIMBAT (Clarias nieuhofii ) YANG TERTANGKAP PADA BUBU KAWAT DI PERAIRAN RAWA RIMBO ULU KABUPATEN TEBO PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Syuhada Yudha Maulana , Hertati Rini , Kholis Muhammad Natsir
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2020 di perairan rawa desa sukamaju. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pola pertumbuhan dan faktor kondisi ikan limbat (Clarias nieuhofii ) yang tertangkap pada bubu kawat di perairan rawa desa sukamaju Kecamatan Rimbo Ulu Kabupaten Tebo Provinsi Jambi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei dengan teknik ekperimental fishing. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ikan limbat (Clarias nieuhofii) memiliki pola pertumbuhan allometrik negatif, dimana pertumbuhan panjang lebih cepat dari pada pertumbuhan berat. Sedangkan faktor kondisi didapatkan nilai K= 1,01 yang artinya ikan limbat yang tertangkap dalam kondisi baik.Kata Kunci : Faktor Kondisi, Ikan Limbat, Jambi, Pola Pertumbuhan, Rimbo Ulu
ELMO, a new helmet interface for CPAP to treat COVID-19-related acute hypoxemic respiratory failure outside the ICU: a feasibility study
Authors: Santos Tomaz1 Betina , Carvalho Gomes2 Gabriela , Arcanjo Lino2 Juliana , Guabiraba Abitbol de Menezes2 David , Barbosa Soares2 Jorge , Furtado3 Vasco , Soares Júnior1 Luiz , Quintino Farias4 Maria do Socorro , Lilian Nascimento Lima4 Debora , Delgado Barros Pereira1 Eanes , Alcantara Holanda1,5 Marcelo
Published: February 2022

Objective: To assess the feasibility of using a new helmet interface for CPAP, designated ELMO, to treat COVID-19-related acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) outside the ICU. Methods: This was a proof-of-concept study involving patients with moderate to severe AHRF secondary to COVID-19 admitted to the general ward of a public hospital. The intervention consisted of applying CPAP via the ELMO interface integrated with oxygen and compressed air flow meters (30 L/min each) and a PEEP valve (CPAP levels = 8-10 cmH2O), forming the ELMOcpap system. The patients were monitored for cardiorespiratory parameters, adverse events, and comfort. Results: Ten patients completed the study protocol. The ELMOcpap system was well tolerated, with no relevant adverse effects. Its use was feasible outside the ICU for a prolonged amount of time and was shown to be successful in 60% of the patients. A CPAP of 10 cmH2O with a total gas flow of 56-60 L/min improved oxygenation after 30-to 60-min ELMOcpap sessions, allowing a significant decrease in estimated FIO2 (p = 0.014) and an increase in estimated PaO2/FIO2 ratio (p = 0.008) within the first hour without CO2 rebreathing. Conclusions: The use of ELMOcpap has proven to be feasible and effective in delivering high-flow CPAP to patients with COVID-19-related AHRF outside the ICU. There were no major adverse effects, and ELMO was considered comfortable. ELMOcpap sessions significantly improved oxygenation, reducing FIO2 without CO2 rebreathing. The overall success rate was 60% in this pilot study, and further clinical trials should be carried out in the future. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04470258 [http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/])
Green Roofs for healthy living in cities: A new normal since Covid-19
Authors: Ryngnga Phibankhamti
Published: February 2022

The concept of green roofs is not new, it has developed long time back, but it has never been spoken largely until the sudden manifestation of a pandemic that struck nations worldwide. The pandemic has made urban residents to realize the importance of converting their grey to green roofs. The benefits of green roofs is manifold in nature as they not only add to aesthetically pleasing landscape but rather absorb rainwater, keeps the building warm, minimize air pollution, decrease stress of the people, improved human health and air quality. People now realize that green roof is the need of the hour because it promotes healthy living in cities in terms of nutritious food consumption, better air quality, and provide sense of mental peace and an agent of destressing busy life of the urban dwellers. Cities have been gradually been a better place since pandemic due to people’s choice to opt for gardening due to lockdown. So, in order to kill boredom, the urban residents opted gardening like vegetables, trees, and flowers on their grey roofs which in turn contributed to healthy cities. Thus, this paper will accentuate the significance of green roofs which in turn betters urban environment that have contributed for healthy living in cities.
US-China Trade War: Impact on Sustainable Development in Developing Nations with particular reference to South Asia
Authors: Kumar Ravi
Published: February 2022

The ongoing trade war between the U.S. and China has devastating effects on the developing nations. The trade war is nothing but damaging another country's trade by imposing tariffs and trade barriers on other goods. The impact of this trade war is more intensive to the economy of those nations that are all more integrated with the global economy. The developing countries are most affected by this ongoing trade war between the U.S. and China. Its effects are not only limited to the economic slowdown, but at the same time, it hampers the environment a lot. The trade war is affecting the forest reserve of the amazon basin and the sub-Saharan desert, which is known as the lung of earth. At the same time, excessive industrialization causes wide-scale deforestation and desertification in developing and developed countries due to the rise of carbon. This study mainly focuses on the US-China trade war and its impact on the economies of the developing nations with the particular reference of south Asian countries. Meanwhile, this research work will also analyze its adverse effects on the environment.
EFEKTIVITAS PENAMBAHAN TRIPTOFAN PADA PAKAN KOMERSIL UNTUK MENEKAN TINGKAT KANIBALISME UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Ardina Dhea Salsa , Supono Supono , Santoso Limin
Published: February 2022

The obstacle in vaname cultivation is the high death rate due to cannibalism. The effort that can be done is giving tryptophan. Tryptophan as serotonin synthesis in the brain so that it helps suppress the level of aggressiveness thereby reducing shrimp cannibalism. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of cannibalism, growth and survival of vaname shrimp fed tryptophan in feed, and to determine the optimal dose in the addition of tryptophan to comercial fed. Design in this research used a completely randomized design consisting of 3 treatments and 4 replications: (A) Control (without tryptophan), (B) 1,0% tryptophan/kg feed, (C) 1,5% tryptophan/kg feed. Parameters observed were cannibalism rate, absolute weight growth, survival rate, feed conversion ratio and water quality. The results showed that the addition of tryptophan to commercial feed had a significant effect (P?0.05) on each treatment. Treatment C, which is the addition of 1,5% tryptophan, is the most optimal treatment where the vannamei shrimp cannibalism rate has the lowest value of 2,50%, absolute weight growth of 0,38 grams, survival rate of 94%, and feed conversion ratio of 0,50. Water quality parameters are in a good range for vaname shrimp culture. Key words : canibalism, tryptophan, Vannamei shrimp
SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF EFL STUDENTS AT HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Sujana Sari Anggraeni , Jaya Hariswan Putera , Fiftinova Fiftinova
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Colleges may find certain difficulties to achieve a good academic achievement, such as personal or social factors. One of the social factors is the ability of the collegians to adapt to their surroundings. It is concerned with how they adjust to the college environment, academic conditions, and people around them. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between social adjustment and academic achievement, as well as the contribution of social adjustment to academic achievement among EFL Students in higher education. Total population sampling was used as the sampling technique. The sample consisted of 226 active EFL students. The study's instruments were the Social Adjustment to College Questionnaire and students' cumulative GPA. The findings revealed a very weak significant correlation between social adjustment and academic achievement, with the r-obtained value greater than the r-table value (0.192 > 0.131) and the p value less than 0.05 (0.004 0.05) in the significance level of 5% two-tailed. Meanwhile, Social Adjustment contributed 3.3 percent to academic achievement.
TINGKAT KEEKONOMIAN KEGIATAN PENAMBANGAN BATUBARA PT. CITRA TOBINDO SUKSES PERKASA BERDASARKAN METODE DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW
Authors: Fizarro A. , . Mukiat , . Syarifuddin
Published: February 2022

PT. Citra Tobindo Sukses Perkasa melakukan kegiatan penambangan batubara sejak tahun 2010 sampai dengan sekarang, akan tetapi pada tahun 2016 pernah berhenti produksi untuk sementara waktu dikarenakan oleh harga batubara pada saat itu berada di titik terendah. Untuk menghindari adanya perubahan-perubahan pada kondisi yang sensitif, maka perlu dilakukannya analisis keekonomian penambangan yang berada di tingkat ekonomi rendah, sedang, ataupun tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kelayakan ekonomi penambangan dinyatakan layak untuk dilaksanakan atau tidak berdasarkan tingkat keekonomiannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode discounted cash flow yang berprinsip menghitung dan menganalisis kelayakan ekonomi dengan hasil keputusan yang jelas dan konsisten berupa layak atau tidak layak untuk diimplementasikan. Hasil penelitian dari parameter investasi dinyatakan layak untuk ditambang dengan net present value (NPV) sebesar Rp 17.492.288.670,07, internal rate of return (IRR) bernilai 22,07%, payback period (PBP) selama 3,70 tahun, present value rasio (PVR) bernilai 0,35, gross benefit cost ratio (Gross B/C) bernilai 1,35. Harga jual batubara dan biaya operasional sangat berdampak terhadap parameter ekonomi yaitu pada tingkat ekonomi tinggi dinyatakan layak untuk ditambang sedangkan pada tingkat ekonomi rendah dinyatakan tidak layak untuk ditambang berdasarkan pengaruh terhadap kelayakan investasi. Sedangkan pada Biaya kapital dan umur proyek juga mempengaruhi kelayakan ekonomi dilihat dari tingkat ekonomi yang tinggi dinyatakan layak untuk ditambang sedangkan pada tingkat ekonomi yang rendah dinyatakan masih layak untuk ditambang tetapi dengan nilai ekonomis yang rendah.
UPGRADING BATUBARA SUB-BITUMINOUS MENGGUNAKAN COATING CONDENSATE NATURAL GAS
Authors: Safriza I. , Handayani H.E. Eko , Bahrin D.
Published: February 2022

Batubara di Indonesia pada umumnya memiliki kandungan air cukup tinggi rata-rata antara 30-50%. Apabila nilai kalornya dapat ditingkatkan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi tertentu sehingga dapat mengurangi jumlah kandungan airnya secara signifikan, batubara jenis ini akan sangat diminati pasar karena masuk kategori batubara bersih (clean coal). Salah satu zat yang dapat ditambahkan ke dalam batubara adalah Condensate Natural Gas. Condensate Natural Gas merupakan hasil pemisahan dari Natural Gas yang merupakan bahan bakar alternatif sangat potensial untuk dimanfaatkan. Nilai kalori dari Condensate Natural Gas sekitar 10.000-12.000 kalori/gram. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknologi upgrading batubara yang menggunakan jenis batubara sub-bituminous. Hasil analisis menunjukkan batubara setelah proses upgrading dan diberikan coating condensate natural gas, kadar air bawaan mengalami mengalami penurunan menjadi 15,19%, abu 7,23%, zat terbang 34,81%, karbon padat 42,77%. Hasil analisis ultimat batubara Tanjung Enim sesudah diberikan coating condensate natural gas, yaitu karbon dengan nilai 54,09%, hidrogen 7,73%, nitrogen 0,81%, dan sulfur 0,52%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa batubara yang diberikan coating condensate natural gas mengalami kenaikan kalori  dari nilai 5253 kal/gr menjadi 6291 kal/gr.

Kata kunci: Batubara sub-bituminous, proses upgrading, nilai kalor
A “INDONESIA MAJU” (INDONESIA ADVANCES) DISCOURSE IN JOKO WIDODO’S SPEECH
Authors: Hartanto Bobie , Frederik Masri Gasa  , Gamal Kusuma Zamahsari
Published: February 2022

The text of Joko Widodo's speech when he was inaugurated as President of the Republic of Indonesia in 2019-2024 represents a five-year work plan and at the same time building Indonesia's advanced discourse. Thus, this study aims to examine and deepen the discourse using the Norman Fairclough critical discourse analysis framework. This study found that at the level of text analysis, Joko Widodo chose to use figures of speech or imagery as well as the interpretation of certain parts as the guardians of his intentions or ideas. Then at the level of discourse practice analysis, researchers found that there was a link between Joko Widodo's life experience and the direction of his policy despite positive and negative reactions to the content of the speech. Finally, at the level of analysis of sociocultural practices, researchers found that the text of Joko Widodo's speech departed from the condition of the Indonesian people during 2014 to 2019
Provision of Public Health and Covid-19: A Case of Responsibility Evasion in India
Authors: Ahmad Ishfaq , Equbal Md. Sarafraz
Published: February 2022

This study will analyse the overtime public spending in public health (1990-2020) and will also try to highlight how covid-19 pandemic can be a reminder to the government of its public health responsibilities it has been partially evading for too long. Covid-19 pandemic has led to emergence of macroeconomic crises inflated by public health crises. The public policy response to the pandemic has been to choose between twin alternatives of “Livelihood saving versus Life-saving”. A closer examination of the two crises reveals that the Livelihood crises to a large extent was magnified by lifesaving policies in emerging economies like India. Due to weak public health infrastructure these economies were forced to undergo abrupt and harsh lockdowns. In face of inadequate health infrastructure, the lockdowns were the only strategy left with the government-leading to classic supply side shock to macroeconomic aggregates. The inadequacy of health infrastructure can be primarily associated to a consistent tendency on the part of Indian government to evade its public health responsibilities. As of 2018-19 government has allocated 1.9 percent of its national income to health sector as against the standard norm of 3 percent. Apart from “good for growth argument” investment in health care is an important welfare target and a pre-condition to sustained economic growth. Apart from absolute inadequacy, the study found an asymmetric distribution of health infrastructure in the country.
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM NOVEL KALA KARYA STEFANI BELLA DAN SYAHID MUHAMMAD: PENDEKATAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA DAN RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR DI SMA
Authors: Nur Kartika Sari Chandra Gupta , Arifin Zainal
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan struktur, nilai pendidikankarakter dalam novel Kala dan melihat relevansinya sebagai bahan ajar di SMA. Metodeyang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Data pada penelitian ini berupa data tertulisnovel Kala karya Stefani Bella dan Syahid Muhammad yakni kalimat dan paragraf yangmemuat nilai pendidikan karakter dan relevansinya sebagai bahan ajar. Teknikpengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik pustaka, teknik simak dan catat. Teknikanalisis yang dilakukan yakni model semiotik meliputi pembacaan heuristik danhermeneutik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Pendidikan karakter yangterkandung dalam novel Kala yakni 14 nilai pendidikan karakter (religius, jujur, toleransi,disiplin, kerja keras, kreatif, mandiri, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, menghargai prestasi,komunikatif, cinta damai, gemar membaca, dan tanggung jawab). 2) Relevansi hasilpenelitian sebagai bahan ajar cukup relevan dilihat dari kesesuaiannya dengan KI danKD 3.7 serta KD 4.7 kelas XI SMA.Kata Kunci: pendidikan karakter, novel, bahan ajar
Design of circular spiral antenna for mobile satellite communication
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Garg Bimal
Published: February 2022

This paper presents the simulation, design, and fabrication of a circular spiral antenna for mobile - satellite communication with wide bandwidth. The center frequency is 1.78 GHz with the bandwidth is 60 MHz radiation pattern of this antenna shows bidirectional pattern with voltage standing wave ratio of less than two, return loss of less than -10 dB, the line impedance of 50 Ω . All the design and simulation of this Antenna is carried by using a commercial CST simulator. The antenna is fabricated on Fr-4 substrate with 4.3 dielectric constant and 1.6 mm of thickness. Transient solver is used to measure all the parameters of this Antenna. It is observed that the simulated and measured values of the parameters of the antenna were quite close with each other.