bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Vásquez Campos Salomón Axel
Published: January 2022

Sí, ya esperábamos este momento de luces académicas y emociones inevitables, las cuales quedan registradas en este espacio, que, desde hoy, se llama Hechos Contables, la Revista de Contabilidad, donde se generará el encuentro académico e investigativo de docentes y estudiantes, principalmente universitarios, con el propósito de estimular y desarrollar la investigación en contabilidad, auditoría, tributación, fianzas, costos, entre otros. Hechos Contables es una revista de investigación científica gestionada y administrada por el Círculo Cultural Educa e Investiga, empeñada en ofrecer un espacio para la academia, la producción profesional y la investigación científica. En este sentido, la revista aparece este año, cuando la pandemia continúa empoderada en el mundo, razón por la cual los docentes y los estudiantes de contabilidad han abierto “sus micrófonos” y “sus telescopios”, comprometidos e identificados con la diversidad de problemas económicos, experimentados en las personas, las organizaciones y el Estado, despertando y estimulando la investigación sobre este particular. La temática que ofrece este volumen está referida a los programas de reactivación económica, la liquidez de las instituciones, los controles de los inventarios, la evasión tributaria, los indicadores de la calidad de carta y el endeudamiento, los impactos económicos de la COVID 19. Los artículos presentados en este volumen ofrecen un contenido, cuya responsabilidad académica y profesional depende exclusivamente de sus propios autores. Saludamos la presencia de los investigadores en este espacio, esperando el nacimiento de la motivación, la iniciativa, la presencia constante y la consolidación futura de los investigadores noveles, quienes caminan y caminarán siempre por los senderos construidos por los experimentados en la academia y la investigación.
El control de inventarios en el servicio de administración, en la Navegación Aérea Peruana
Authors: Vásquez Villanueva Carlos Alberto , Vela Riveyro Janis Dihajaira
Published: January 2022

El presente estudio busca analizar el control de inventarios en el Servicio de Administración de la Navegación Aérea Peruana, adscrita en la Corporación Peruana de Aeropuertos y Aviación Comercial Sociedad Anónima (CORPAC S.A.); mediante una metodología descriptiva y con una muestra no probabilística de 14 colaboradores encargados del área de almacén de la corporación. Se evidenció que el control de inventarios en general es regular (100%), en sus tres etapas: Ingreso (75%), Almacenamiento (91.67%) y Salida (100%); se concluye que la corporación necesita replantear y /o evaluar el proceso operativo del control de existencias, reduciendo los puntos débiles del proceso; se recomienda regular las actividades de verificación y el registro de los ingresos, aplicar técnicas y estrategias especializadas, para un buen almacenamiento de las existencias y el cotejo para entrega de la mercadería, favoreciendo la rentabilidad de la empresa.
Indicadores de calidad de cartera y endeudamiento, en las empresas financieras, Perú, años 2015 al 2019
Authors: Paulino Valencia Erika Esther
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo tuvo el objetivo de analizar los indicadores de calidad de cartera y endeudamiento, en las empresas financieras reguladas por la SBS, entre los años 2015 y 2019, usando una metodología de enfoque cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo - comparativo, la técnica: análisis documental y el instrumento: ficha de análisis documental. Mediante el análisis estadístico se encontró que la empresa Crediscotia Financiera presentó los índices de cartera atrasada, alto riesgo y pesada, más elevados dentro de los años de estudio; mantuvieron índices de endeudamiento más alto: Financiera Credinka en el nivel de endeudamiento, Financiera Confianza en el endeudamiento financiero e impacto de la carga financiera y Crediscotia Financiera en la cobertura de intereses. Se concluyó que el Fenómeno del Niño Costero afectó la calidad de cartera de las financieras, sobre todo la Financiera Crediscotia; el endeudamiento no fue el más óptimo para la Financiera Credinka, que registra valores negativos en el indicador de cobertura de intereses, lo cual quiere decir que no puede cubrir sus gastos financieros.
Рекогносцировочные работы в окрестностях грота Толеубулак в 2021 г.
Authors: Мамиров Талгат Базарбаевич , Таймагамбетов Жакен , Куандык Самрат Русланулы , Мамиров Кайрат Базарбаевич
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматриваются результаты разведочных полевых работ, проводившихся в окрестностях грота Толеубулак (Мугалжарский р-н, Актюбинская обл.) в 2021 г. Окрестности грота Толеубулак известны разновременными археологическими памятниками от эпохи палеолита до этнографического времени. Памятники каменного века в указанном районе представлены стоянками и местонахождениями с «поверхностным культурным горизонтом». Наличие большого количества родников и обилие каменного сырья на местности определили задачи и методы по поиску памятников с сохранившимися культурными слоями. В ходе рекогносцировочных работ были осмотрены окрестности родников, заложены шурфы. Работы 2021 г. показали, что наиболее перспективными являются шурфы № 7 и 8, заложенные возле родника Андакулбулак, с погребенными культурными отложениями, содержащими каменные артефакы, а также шурф № 10 северо-восточнее родника Толеубулак, представляющий собой остатки местонахождения неолит-энеолитического времени, смешанного комплекса. Был заложен рекогносцировочный раскоп на памятнике Толеубулак 3, открытом в 2020 г. Раскоп показал слабую концентрацию артефактов на площади 16 кв. м. с маломощными погребенными отложениями. Наличие в погребенных слоях каменных изделий, представленных микронуклеусом, сколами из кремнистой и яшмовидной породы, свидетельствует о перспективности открытия неолитических стоянок с сохранившимся культурным слоем в исследуемом регионе.
Reflexões sobre Características Parentais que Influenciam a Gestação e o Aleitamento Materno
Authors:   Rosana de Fátima Possobon
Published: January 2022

Este livro é o resultado de alguns anos de trabalho sobre os temas “maternidade e amamentação”. Apresentado em oito capítulos, traz parte dos frutos de três dissertações de mestrado e três teses de doutorado, desenvolvidas por alunos que tive o prazer de orientar, em três Programas de Pós Graduação da Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp), sendo dois na Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba (FOP) – Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Saúde Coletiva e Programa de Pós Graduação em Odontologia – e um na Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM) – Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente. Cada capítulo traz à luz alguma importante característica materna ou paterna, que pode estar associada à tomada de decisão em engravidar e em iniciar e manter o aleitamento materno. Estes são temas recorrentes em minha trajetória como docente e pesquisadora, uma vez que é a base do trabalho que desenvolvo como Coordenadora do Centro de Pesquisa e Atendimento Odontológico para Pacientes Especiais – Cepae, da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba – FOP-Unicamp. Este Centro oferece o Programa de Atenção Precoce à Saúde, onde a gestante é acolhida e recebe todo o suporte para iniciar e manter a amamentação e introduzir hábitos saudáveis em seus filhos, durante os quatro primeiros anos de vida da criança, de forma gratuita, por uma Equipe formada por cirurgiões-dentistas, psicólogos, enfermeiros, nutricionistas, fonoaudiólogos e uma médica otorrinolaringologista. O primeiro capítulo deste livro apresenta a avaliação de cinco anos de atuação de uma das quatro Etapas do Programa e mostra que o Cepae tem contribuído para a ampliação das taxas de aleitamento materno na comunidade. Os sete capítulos seguintes evidenciam a importância do conhecimento integral da família para que o profissional de saúde possa ser mais eficiente no aconselhamento sobre planejamento familiar e aleitamento materno, uma vez que discute temas como senso de coerência, autoeficácia e lócus de controle materna, o uso de chupeta e a percepção de apoio do pai. Estes temas, embora relevantes, não são comumente considerados na prática clínica de incentivo à amamentação. Com a publicação desta coletânea, espero estimular outros pesquisadores a olhar para a maternidade, especialmente para a prática do aleitamento, de forma mais integral, observando sutilezas que podem estar por trás de decisões importantes como a de desmamar precocemente um filho. E que, por sua vez, possam também ampliar os horizontes de todos aqueles envolvidos com este tema e, aos poucos, ajudar a tornar este ato tão incrível e importante, que é o de amamentar, numa missão leve e extremamente prazerosa para todas as mães do mundo!
PROGRAMA INTERDISCIPLINAR DE INCENTIVO AO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO: PLANEJAMENTO, GESTÃO E AVALIAÇÃO LONGITUDINAL
Authors: Gomez Melisa Sofia , Lodi Jucilene Casati , Cortellazzi Karine Laura , Possobon Rosana de Fátima
Published: January 2022

As vantagens do aleitamento materno são amplamente conhecidas, sendo esta prática, indiscutivelmente, a principal estratégia de redução de morbidades e mortalidade materno infantil. Entretanto, os resultados da II Pesquisa Nacional de Prevalência de Aleitamento Materno (2010) apresentam uma prevalência de aleitamento exclusivo aos 6 meses de vida menor de 10% em crianças residentes na região sudeste do Brasil, índice considerado muito aquém da recomendação da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Diante deste contexto e com a finalidade de minimizar os fatores que levam ao desmame, o Centro de Pesquisa e Atendimento Odontológico para Pacientes Especiais (Cepae), da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba – Unicamp, implantou um programa de incentivo ao aleitamento materno no ano de 2002 para apoiar as práticas de lactância das famílias participantes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a eficiência do programa através das taxas de aleitamento materno, o uso de chupeta e mamadeira dos bebês participantes, assim como descrever as ações executadas. Por meio de um estudo longitudinal, foi analisado um banco de dados secundários, alimentado por 501 prontuários das famílias que iniciaram a sua participação entre os anos de 2011 e 2016. Notou-se uma alta prevalência de presença de aleitamento materno (exclusivo e complementado) desde o primeiro mês (97%) até o sexto mês de vida (87%). As taxas de aleitamento materno exclusivo e a presença de aleitamento materno foram de 61,4% e 92,9% respectivamente. Os achados apontam o importante papel do programa interdisciplinar em incentivo ao aleitamento materno exclusivo, em manter as práticas de aleitamento materno até o sexto mês de vida, podendo ser expandido como um modelo de serviço público para incentivar e apoiar as práticas de aleitamento materno.
A AUTOEFICÁCIA NO PÓS-PARTO IMEDIATO E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO NO 30º DIA DE VIDA DA CRIANÇA
Authors: Lodi Jucilene Casati , Milagres Clarice Santana , Rocha Maria Cristina Pauli da , Gomez Melisa Sofia , Cortellazzi Karine Laura , Possobon Rosana de Fátima
Published: January 2022

A manutenção do aleitamento materno está associada a diversas variáveis dentre as quais merece destaque a confiança da mulher em sua própria capacidade de nutrir o filho. A falta de confiança no ato de amamentar levaria ao desmame precoce, sendo essa confiança estudada dentro do constructo de autoeficácia. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de autoeficácia na amamentação, durante o puerpério imediato e verificar a associação com a manutenção do aleitamento exclusivo no primeiro mês de vida. Metodologia: O estudo foi quantitativo, de coorte observacional prospectivo, com 210 mulheres adscritas as unidades de saúde da família, participantes do grupo de pré-natal. As gestantes foram abordadas durante o último trimestre de gestação e responderam o questionário contendo dados socioeconômicos e demográficos. Ainda na primeira semana de vida da criança, as mulheres foram abordadas para responder ao instrumento de Autoeficácia na Amamentação – Short Form (BSESVB - SF) para analisar a autoeficácia para a manutenção do aleitamento materno no 30º dia de vida. Foi realizada análise bivariada, no nível de significância de 5%, para testar a associação entre o aleitamento materno exclusivo no 30º dia de vida com as variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, obstétricas e a autoeficácia na amamentação. Resultados: 49,5% da amostra era constituída por mulheres primíparas, 52% das crianças nasceram de parto normal, sendo 81,4% de tempo gestacional a termo, sem complicações maternas (78,6%) e as mães tinham vontade de amamentar (95.2%) e o uso do instrumento de autoeficácia na amamentação, durante o puerpério imediato, estiveram associados à manutenção do aleitamento materno exclusivo no 30ª dia de vida. Conclusão: As mães com alta e média autoeficácia, detectada no puerpério imediato, auxiliou a manutenção do aleitamento materno exclusiva no final do primeiro mês.
Prevalence of Caries in Anterior Teeth in Adults; An Epidemiology Study
Authors: Khattak Osama , Iqbal Azhar , Nadeem Baig Muhammad , Magar Shaliputra P. , Magar Shilpa S. , Mehmood Khan Aamir , Osamah Molla Fahad , Alhabib Silham , Alruwaili Silham
Published: January 2022

Background and Aim: Dental caries is a multifactorial, widespread chronic infection of the enamel, or dentin caused by plaque. Susceptible tooth surfaces, saliva, oral micro flora, and dietary carbohydrates are the main factors involved in the development of dental caries. Treatment and prevention management of caries among the population is measured in terms of prevalence and severity of anterior teeth caries. The present study's aim was to determine the prevalence of anterior teeth caries among adults. Methodology: This epidemiological study was conducted on 1276 patients reporting for treatment at the College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Saudi Arabia from January 2021 to July 2021. Detection of carries was carried out as per World Health Organization (WHO). Based on demographic details such as age, gender, occupation, and diet, the prevalence of carious anterior teeth was assessed. All the data was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Results: Out of 1276 patients, male and female patients were 814 (63.8%) and 462 (36.2%) respectively. The incidence of carious anterior teeth was 263 (32.2%) in males whereas 149 (32.3%) in female patients. The overall incidence of carious anterior teeth was 32.25%being prevalent in male patients with an age range from 21 years to 30 years. A significant association was found among carious anterior teeth, age (p<0.05), diet (p<0.05), location (p<0.05), teeth malalignment (p<0.05), and oral hygiene (p<0.05). However, anterior decay had no significant association with gender (p=0.673) and occupation (p=.167). Maxillary central incisors were the commonly affected teeth in most cases. Conclusion: Our study found that the prevalence of carious anterior teeth was 32.25% and Maxillary central incisors were the commonly affected teeth in most cases. A significant association was found among carious anterior teeth, age, location, oral hygiene, diet, and teeth malalignment. But no significant association among carious anterior teeth, occupation, and gender. Keywords: Anterior caries, prevalence, dental caries
Comparison of side-to-end with end-to-end Anastomosis technique for colorectal anastomosis
Authors: Ahmed Anila , Khan Rizwan , Shaikh Maria , Shah Farah , Majeed Sobia
Published: January 2022

Objective: To compared the functional and anatomic outcomes of end-to-end anastpmosis (EEA) technique with side-to-end anastomosis (SEA) technique for colorectal anastomosis. Methods: A randomized clinical trail was conducted in Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi. We recruited 60 patients who were planned for colorectal surgery from January 2020 to January 2021. Patients having histology proven adenocarcinoma of rectum of sigmoid colon, with normal sphincter function were included. Patients were randomly attributed into two groups in 1:1 ratio. The primary endpoint was to determine immediate post-operative complications, and assessment of intestinal function (using Lower anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score) at one-month follow-up. Results: There was no statistical difference in anatomic and functional outcomes in SEA and EEA groups, mean operative time was 168±43 minutes in SEA group versus 159±38 minutes in EEA group. Anastomosis leakage was diagnosed in 1 (3.3%) patients in SEA group versus in 2 (6.7%) patients in EEA group (p-value 0.55). Redo-procedure was needed in 1 (3.3%) patients in SEA group versus in 2 (6.7%) patients in EEA group (p-value 0.55). At one-month follow-up, major LARS was diagnosed in 03 (10.0%) patients in EEA group, while minor LARS was diagnosed in 5 (16.7%) patients in SEA group versus in 4 (13.3%) patients in EEA group (p-value 0.52). Conclusion: Both side to end anastomosis and end to end anastomosis are comparable in-terms of functional and anatomic outcomes. So the operating surgeons can adopt any of these techniques for colorectal anastomosis. Keywords: side-to-end anastomosis, end-to-end anastomosis, lower anterior resection syndrome, colorectal anastomosis.
Bodrum Yarımadasında Golf Sahası Olabilecek Alanların Çoklu Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖZKAN Gülşen , ÖRÜCÜ Ömer K.
Published: January 2022

Türkiye’nin en önemli turizm merkezlerinden birisi olan Bodrum Yarımadası golf turizmi açısından potansiyeli yüksek alanlardan biridir. Golf sporu çevreye dayalı bir spordur ve doğal kaynakları kullanır. Özellikle golf sahalarının hatalı yer seçimi, ekolojik yönden hassas ekosistemlere zarar vermekte ve işletim aşamasında önemli çevre sorunlarına neden olabilmektedirler. Çalışmanın amacı; Türkiye’nin önemli turizm merkezlerinden birisi olan Bodrum yarımadasında çoklu kriter analiz yöntemleri ve CBS yazılımları kullanılarak potansiyel golf sahası tesis edilebilecek alanları belirlemektir. Bu yöntemde kullanılan hiyerarşinin kurulması, ikili karşılaştırmalar, tutarlılık oranı hesaplanması ve sentez adımları sırasıyla ele alınmış, ölçütlerin alacağı ağırlıklar hesaplanmıştır. Kurumlardan alınan bilgiler sayısal ortama aktarılmış ArcGIS 10.2 de analiz ve sentezi yapılarak uygunluk haritaları elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda Bodrum yarımadasında golf sahası yapımına en uygun alan Mumcular, Çiftlikköy ve Kızılağaç çevresinde elde edilmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Bodrum Yarımadası, Golf sahası, CBS, Turizm, Analitik Hiyerarşi Yöntemi
Законодателни, организационни и управленски основи на свързаността между формалното и неформалното образование в България
Authors: Genchev Atanas , Naydenova Maria
Published: January 2022

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the legal framework in the country in terms of the possibilities, regulations and conditions for the implementation of integrated (extracurricular or extracurricular) activities combining formal and non-formal education. A leading method for the qualitative study is the analysis of documents, which in this case covers the fields of educational and social legislation. On this basis, the various forms, and activities for more individualized and differentiated activities are analyzed in parallel as pedagogical but also as a specific type of social work in support of their interests and stakes, as well as for their personal and professional development. the opportunities of non-formal education and social work to support the education system and its institutions in unity. Special attention is also paid to the contribution of non-formal education to the objectives of social work
Analisis Keterampilan Metakognitif IPA Siswa Kelas VIII di SMP Katolik Barto Mangaran
Authors: Totopandey Aprilyanto , Suriani Ni Wayan
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keterampilan metakognitif IPA siswa kelas VIII di SMP Katolik Barto Mangaran yang berlokasi di Kepulauan Kabaruan, Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud. Jenis penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif. Populasinya adalah seluruh siswa SMP Katolik Barto Mangaran tahun ajaran 2020/2021, sedangkan sampel penelitian adalah 17 siswa kelas VIII. Sampel diperoleh menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa angket keterampilan metakognitif yang diadaptasi dari Schraw & Dennison. Teknik analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis data dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan skor rata-rata keterampilan metakognitif siswa sebesar 30,76 dengan persentase 48,07%. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa keterampilan metakognitif siswa kelas VIII di SMP Katolik Barto Mangaran berada pada kategori sedang.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Pada Materi Sistem Gerak Pada Tumbuhan
Authors: Mananeke Chritstofel A. L. , Warouw Zusje W. M.
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keaktifan siswa selama pelaksanaan pembelajaran IPA materi sistem gerak pada tumbuhan serta meningkatkan hasil belajar dengan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Likupang Barat yang terdiri dari 2 kelas yakni VIII-A dan VIII-B. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan selama pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis proyek terlihat keaktifan siswa yakni 13 peserta didik (43,33%) dikategorikan sangat aktif (keberanian untuk mengajukan pertanyaan atau mengemukakan pendapat serta kreatifitas belajar dalam kelompok terlihat sangat tinggi), 11 peserta didik (36,66%) dikategorikan aktif (mengajukan pertanyaan atau menjawab pertanyaan serta mengemukakan pendapat dikategorikan aktif meskipun melakukan dengan dorongan dari guru) dan 6 peserta didik (20%) dikategorikan cukup aktif (meskipun terlibat dalam proses pembelajaran namun meraka masih malu atau sibuk dengan kegiatan masing-masing) dan untuk hasil belajar 24 (80%) peserta didik dinyatakan tuntas dan hanya 6 (20%) siswa hasil belajarnya belum tuntas.
A new record species of genus Odochilus Harold (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae: Odochilini) from Taiwan
Authors: Ho Bin-Hong
Published: January 2022

Odochilus (Parodochilus) convexus Nomura, 1971 a small Aphodiine species, is newly reported from Taiwan, simultaneously, this is also the first record of subgenus Parodochilus in Taiwan. Illustrations of habitus, distribution map, diagnosis, bionomics, and Chinese name of known Taiwanese species under the genus is also provided.
NÚMEROS ATUAIS DA CERTIFICAÇÃO FLORESTAL NO BRASIL
Authors: Sanquetta Carlos Roberto , Mildemberg Celine , Sella Marques Dias Leticia Maria
Published: January 2022

A certificação florestal é um importante instrumento de gestão e garantia da sustentabilidade no setor florestal. Para avaliar o estado atual da certificação é necessário se ter números atualizados e detalhados. Este estudo visou analisar os números atuais da certificação florestal no Brasil. Para a análise, foram utilizados dados disponibilizados nas plataformas da internet dos sistemas FSC® (Forest Stewardship Council) e Cerflor/PEFC® (Sistema Brasileiro de Certificação Florestal/Plan for the Endorsement of Forest Certification Schemes), considerando os sistemas e as certificadoras, os tipos de certificação, a localização e os produtos certificados. A maior área florestal certificada no Brasil atualmente é pelo sistema FSC. Há mais florestas plantadas certificadas do que nativas. Minas Gerais é o Estado com a maior área de manejo certificada, tanto pelo FSC quanto pelo Cerflor/PEFC. Imaflora e SCS são as certificadoras com mais certificados e áreas certificadas de manejo florestal. O produto predominante declarado pelas unidades de manejo florestal certificadas é a madeira em toras. Há um número muito superior de certificações CoC (cadeia de custódia) pelo FSC do que pelo CERFLOR. A maioria das certificações CoC refere-se a indústrias de produtos madeireiros, notadamente materiais de papel e de madeira serrada. As certificadoras mais atuantes em CoC são Imaflora, SCS e Control Union. Os números da certificação florestal em manejo florestal no Brasil ainda são modestos, considerando a dimensão de sua cobertura florestal. O mesmo pode ser dito em relação ao número de indústrias certificadas em cadeia de custódia. Por isso há um amplo espaço para crescimento.
O ECOLOGISMO DOS POBRES E O RACISMO AMBIENTAL: REFLEXÕES SOBRE SOCIEDADE E NATUREZA PARA UMA EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL CRÍTICA
Authors: Pereira Viviane Camejo , Lopes Claudemira Vieira Gusmão
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste ensaio é apresentar a contribuição do ecologismo dos pobres e do racismo ambiental para a construção de uma perspectiva crítica da relação sociedade-natureza no contexto da Educação Ambiental. Parte-se de que a Educação Ambiental crítica é um campo propício para diálogos críticos sobre a problemática socioambiental em espaços escolares e não escolares. Por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, argumenta-se que as populações tradicionais do campo, das águas e das florestas e as populações economicamente vulneráveis nas periferias das grandes cidades muitas vezes são afastadas da convivência com um ambiente conservado. A exploração e degradação da natureza e relações sociais desiguais são inerentes aos conflitos socioambientais que expressam um modelo de desenvolvimento insustentável. Debates sobre a relação sociedade-natureza focados em propostas de reciclagem, consumo consciente e outras medidas paliativas sugeridas por várias correntes ecológicas, não são suficientes para fazer o enfrentamento à escassez de recursos, à pobreza e a destruição acelerada da natureza. A relação do ser humano com a natureza é também reflexo das relações sociais. Assim, propõem-se uma Educação Ambiental crítica construída a partir do diálogo interdisciplinar com as perspectivas do ecologismo dos pobres e o racismo ambiental como forma de contextualizar o debate ambiental nas relações sociais.Palavras-chave: Problemática socioambiental; Justiça ambiental; Vulnerabilidade socioeconômica.
Pemakaian Islam dan sdat Melayu dalam sistem Torrens di Malaysia
Authors: Muhammad Serji Rabi’ah
Published: January 2022

Undang-undang Tanah di Malaysia adalah berasaskan kepada Sistem Torrens yang diperkenalkan oleh British semasa penjajahan mereka ke atas Tanah Melayu. Undang-undang ini dilaksanakan di negara kita melalui penguatkuasaan Kanun Tanah Negara 1965.Sebelum penjajahan British, negeri-negeri di Tanah Melayu pada hakikatnya sudah memiliki sistem perundangan mereka sendiri berasaskan undang-undang Islam dan adat Melayu. Namun, penjajahan British ke atas Tanah Melayu memberi impak yang besar apabila pentadbiran tanah berasaskan undang-undang Islam dan adat Melayu dihapuskan dan digantikan dengan Sistem Torrens. Timbul persoalan sama ada undang-undang tanah Islam dan adat Melayu telah dihapuskan secara total atau pun masih ada ruang kepada pemakaiannya. Kertas kerja ini akan membincangkan kajian terhadap pemakaian undang-undang Islam dan adat Melayu yang masih wujud dalam undang-undang tanah yang menggunakan prinsip Torrens di Malaysia. Kaedah yang digunakan adalah kajian kepustakaan dan analisis dokumen. Analisis mendapati undang-undang Islam dan adat Melayu diiktiraf dan dipakai hanya dalam hal-hal tertentu sahaja. Bidang kuasa eksklusif yang telah diberikan kepada mahkamah Syariah melalui pindaan undang-undang juga telah memberi ruang kepada pemakaian undang-undang Islam dan adat Melayu dalam pentadbiran tanah di Malaysia.
دور السياق في تحقيق الترجمة الصحيحة
Authors: Abdullah Nasimah
Published: January 2022

While the interpretation of the Quran emphasizes the importance of understanding the causes, issues, and incidents about revelation and knowing its time and place, translation studies are concerned with the roles of context in ensuring a precise translation. Context is regarded as one of the crucial parts in translating metaphorical connotations as it captures the meaning that transcends its literal translation. This study highlights the importance of context in achieving an exact translation, especially in translating the Quranic metaphorical connotations into the Malay language based on the semantic equivalence between the source and target text to the closest possible to the meaning of the original Arabic text. This is achieved by analyzing the descriptive, analytical, and comparative methods of selected copies of translations by Mahmoud Younis, Abdullah Basmeih, and Zaini Dahalan. The findings show that these translators pay special attention to the importance of context in the translation of the Quranic metaphorical connotations. Evidence also shows some flaws in the delivery of the intended meaning in the target language when these translations rely solely on the texts’ literal translation, consequently causing a diversion from the intended meaning of the Quranic message. Therefore, this study suggests that it is not reliable for an analysis of the Quran nor for the reader of the target language to depend on one absolute translation only but to refer to and compare different copies of the translation to reach the precise connotation.
أسلوب ترجمة المجاز إلى التشبيه : دراسة للنصوص القرآنية المترجمة إلى اللغة الملايوية
Authors: Abdullah Nasimah
Published: January 2022

Obviously, the term (المجاز ) has been given significant attention by the Arab traditional scholars as well as the modern scholars, especially those involved in semantic fields. There are several terms attributed to (المجاز ) such as (المعاني المجازية ), (التعابير المجازية ) and ( الدلالة المجازية ) until they are almost considered as having different concepts. As figurative meaning is a linguistic phenomenon that transcends its literal meaning, its translation is regarded as one of the crucial problems in conveying accurate meaning from one language to another. It is often difficult to ensure precise translation for figurative meaning due to its relationship with cultural, social, and semantic factors, in addition to people of a particular community who usually look at things from their own perspective. As a result, the translator will sometimes choose certain translation methods to overcome the problem of interpreting to clarify the intended meaning of the source text. From this point of view, this paper aims to study Quranic texts translated into the Malay language, and then analyze them to discover the effectiveness of the translation method used that is to translate metaphor into simile as well as to suggest a better translation that could attain the nearest connotation intended by the original Arabic text. This study employs descriptive, analytical, and comparative methods on selected Quranic translations in the Malay language by Mahmoud Younus, Abdullah Basmeih, and Zaini Dahlan. The findings show that these translators sometimes change the form of Quranic metonymy and metaphor to the simile in the target language to create a cultural adaptation. This surely confirms that the method of translating metaphor into simile has contributed towards bringing the closest meaning, but this method is rarely used. Therefore, this study suggests applying this method in translating Quranic metonymies, metaphors, and synecdoches to convey the meaning of the Quran clearly and to educate non-Arabic Muslim speakers with the messages of the Quran and its teachings, as well as to avoid inaccuracy of the intended meaning and to retain the usual method that suits the nature of the target language.
Kajian awal terhadap cinta ilmu dan keperibadian ummah cemerlang dalam kalangan mahasiswa Muslim
Authors: Ismail Nazneen , Abu Zahrin Syaidatun Nazirah , Azizan Nurzatil Ismah
Published: January 2022

Higher institutions of learning must be prepared to produce future-proof graduates who can face industrial revolution challenges by transforming the core of curriculum as well as teaching and learning methods. As the industrial revolution maximizes the usage of technologies while reducing human capital, it has both positive and negative impacts. Therefore, human capital that is able to shape the industrial revolution is highly needed. This can be achieved by developing human capital with love for knowledge and an excellent ummah personality. A preliminary study was conducted to confirm the reliability of the research instrument used to measure the level of love for knowledge and their relationship with the excellent ummah personality. The questionnaire consisted of 60 items was distributed to 73 Muslim students at two universities. The result shows that this research instrument has high reliability for the constructs of love for knowledge and the personalities of the excellent ummah. Therefore, this instrument is valid for subsequent studies. This study shows that knowledge should be united with the personalities of the excellent ummah because individuals with these best personalities and strong faith are able to invite others to do good deeds and prevent wrongdoings. As a result, the human capital who are confident, balanced, and more discerning formed as needed by the future society.
Pengamalan hidup beragama dalam kalangan mahasiswa Institut Pengajian Tinggi Islam di Malaysia
Authors: Ismail Nazneen , Bakar Norul Huda , Abd. Majid Mariam , Kasan Hasnan
Published: January 2022

Hidup beragama juga disebut sebagai takwa merupakan tingkatan tertinggi sebagai Muslim. Ia dicapai melalui pengamalan dan penghayatan agama yang tinggi berasaskan kepada kefahaman yang benar. Sebagai mahasiswa Institut Pengajian Tinggi Islam (IPTI) mereka mempunyai imej sebagai golongan yang memahami dan mengamalkan Islam dalam kehidupan seharian. Ini meliputi akidah, ibadah dan akhlak. Pelbagai kajian telah dijalankan untuk menilai tahap hidup beragama mahasiswa universiti. Namun, kajian terhadap mahasiswa IPTI didapati kurang diberikan tumpuan. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan mengenalpasti tahap pengamalan hidup beragama dalam kalangan mahasiswa Institut Pengajian Tinggi Islam (IPTI) di Malaysia. Kajian ini bersifat kuantitatif menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan keratan rentas dengan mengedarkan borang soal selidik Muslim Religiositi Personality Inventory atau singkatannya MRPI (2011) kepada mahasiswa daripada empat buah IPTI terpilih. Pemilihan IPTI dilakukan melalui kaedah penentuan zon iaitu UIAM (Barat), USIM (Selatan), UniSHAMS (Utara) dan KUIPSAS (Timur). Sebanyak 400 set soal selidik diedarkan kepada mahasiswa universiti secara rawak bebas. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif melibatkan frekuensi dan min. Dapatan menunjukkan mahasiswa mempunyai tahap pengetahuan sarwajagat Islam dan personaliti religiositi yang tinggi. Justeru, kajian ini menjadi asas kepada keperluan pembinaan model khusus bagi pembangunan hidup beragama supaya pemerkasaan dapat dilakukan dari masa ke masa dengan pemantauan daripada pihak universiti.
Isu pelaksanaan komunikasi bukan lisan dalam pengajaran bahasa Arab melalui atas talian
Authors: Norul’Azmi Nor Azhan , Zakaria Noor Shamshinar
Published: January 2022

Kemahiran komunikasi bukan lisan (KBL) adalah tonggak kepada keberkesanan pengajaran dan pemudahcaraan guru. Oleh kerana pembangunan teknologi maklumat dan pengaruhnya terhadap amalan pendidikan, maka pelaksanaan komunikasi ini perlu dikuasai oleh guru secara atas talian. Penulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan meta analisis, iaitu dengan cara merujuk kajian lepas bagi mengenalpasti isu pelaksanaan KBL dalam pengajaran Bahasa Arab melalui atas talian. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat isu pelaksanaan KBL dalam pengajaran dan pemudahcaraan (PdPc) Bahasa Arab melalui atas talian. Isu pelaksanaan KBL dalam kalangan guru ketika pelaksanaan PdPc dalam bilik darjah tradisional dan atas talian masih berlaku walaupun mereka mempunyai ilmu pengetahuan terhadap subjek Bahasa Arab. Antara isu yang dikenalpasti ialah kelemahan amalan komunikasi lisan dan juga faktor luaran seperti bebanan tugas yang dipikul oleh guru dan sokongan teknologi. Implikasi kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa guru yang mengajar secara tradisional perlu memperbaiki kelemahan dalam kemahiran KBL terlebih dahulu. Ini kerana ia akan menjadi bertambah sukar sekiranya proses PdPc dijalankan secara atas talian. Guru tidak dapat mengelak daripada mengikuti arus perubahan PdPc era baharu ini kerana desakan dan keperluan teknologi dalam pendidikan sentiasa berubah dari masa ke masa. Demikian, prasarana dan teknologi perlu dibangunkan seiring dengan kejituan dalam kemahiran komunikasi.
Tinjauan Sistematik terhadap Faktor Penyucian Lembu dalam Hindu
Authors: Senin Nurhanisah , Azizan Nurzatil Ismah , Ismail Nazneen , Shafie Zainory
Published: January 2022

The prohibition of killing and eating cows among the Hindus are generally well known. This paper aims to discuss the status of the cow in Hinduism through analysing past related literatures. This paper employs content analysis method through Systematic Literature Review. Articles are collected from Scopus and Dimensions database. 16 articles are screened through the process of identification, examination and eligibility. A systematic analysis focuses on factors of cow veneration in Hinduism. Three major factors were evident in this study namely religion, economy and politic. In the first phase, veneration of the cow is more of a religious issue due to the influence of ahimsa principle introduced in Jainism. In the later phase, it is more of an economic factor where cows were protected and not killed for their benefits to mankind. Whereas now, veneration of the cow is more related to political factors in defending the status quo of the Hindus.
ABSTRAK
Larangan membunuh dan memakan daging lembu kepada penganut Hindu telah dimaklumi secara umum. Artikel ini membincangkan kedudukan lembu dalam ajaran Hindu menerusi kajian terhadap literatur-literatur lepas yang berkaitan. Kajian ini menggunapakai metode analisis kandungan dengan kaedah Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Artikel-artikel telah dikumpulkan daripada pangkalan data Scopus dan Dimensions dan 16 artikel telah melalui saringan identifikasi, pemeriksaan dan kelayakan. Hasil daripada saringan mendapati hanya lima artikel yang berkait rapat dengan tajuk kajian. Analisis sistematik memfokuskan kepada faktor penyucian lembu dalam ajaran Hindu. Kajian mendapati tiga faktor utama iaitu agama, ekonomi dan politik. Pada tahap awal, penyucian lembu dalam masyarakat Hindu lebih bersifat agama kerana terkesan dengan prinsip ahimsa yang dibawa oleh agama Jaina. Pada fasa seterusnya, penyucian lembu lebih terkait dengan faktor ekonomi apabila lembu dipelihara dan tidak dibunuh kerana manfaatnya untuk manusia. Adapun pada zaman ini, penyucian lembu lebih bersifat politikal dalam mempertahankan status quo masyarakat Hindu.
FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES AS REPOSITORY OF XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR
Authors: Kapoor N. , Saxena S. , Gambhir L. ,   Department of Microbiology, Uttaranchal (PG) College of Biomedical Sciences and Hospital, Dehradun - 248 001, Uttarakhand, India
Published: January 2022

Xanthine oxidase, a key enzyme of purine metabolism, is considered to be a prime target for the treatment of hyperuricemia and oxidative stress related disorders. Allopurinol and febuxostat are two FDA approved xanthine oxidase inhibitors currently being used for management of chronic hyperuricemia. Plethora of natural sources has been explored in search of novel chemical templates for the development of antihyperuricemic drugs. Studies in past decade have shown the potential of endophytic fungi, which colonize the internal tissues of plants without any evident sign of their ubiquitous existence, as repository of novel chemical entities exhibiting antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential. However, very scanty preliminary data is available of exploration of xanthine oxidase inhibitors from fungal endophytes. The present review summarizes the efficacy of xanthine oxidase as target for developing ant-gout agents and highlights the prospective of endophytic fungi as producers of xanthine oxidase inhibitors for the anti-hyperuricemic therapy regimen.
SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF SOME NEWER QUINAZOLINONYL SUBSTITUTED BENZOXAZEPINYL / BENZOTHIAZEPINYL INDOLES AS POTENT ANTICONVULSANT AGENTS
Authors: Archana  ,   Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , Meerut College , Meerut - 250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: January 2022

new series of 3-[3-amino-2-methyl-6-substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-onyl chalconyl)-2-substituted indoles (3-8), 3-[3-Amino-2-methyl-6- substituted quinazolin-4(3H) -onyl-benzoxazepin/benzo -thiazepin- 2-yl] -2-substituted indoles (9-20) and 3-[3-amino-2-methyl-6-substituted quinazolin-4(3H) -onyl-3- (sub-stituted phenylaminomethylene) -benzoxazepin/benzothizepin-2-yl] -2-substitutedindoles (21-44) were synthesised and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity. All these compounds were screened in vivo, for their anticonvulsant activity and acute toxicity. Coumpund 44 , 3-[3-amino-2-methyl-6-bromoquinazolin- 4(3H)-onyl-3- (chlorophenylaminomethylene)-benzothiazepine-2-yl]-2-chloroindole, was found to be most potent compound of this series , more potent than standard drug phenytoin sodium. The homogeneity of all the compounds have been established by elemental analysis, IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy.
SYNTHESIS AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF SOME SCHIFF BASES OF 1, 3, 4-OXADIAZOLE
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Singh S. ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, Punjab - 140 111, India
Published: January 2022

A new series of 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives has been synthesized with the help of different aromatic benzaldehydes and final compounds were characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR. 2,5- disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of Schiff base derivatives with 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their anticancer activity. These compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activity against various cancer cell lines. Five of the compounds possessed good to moderate anti-cancer activity. Three of the synthesized compounds i.e. 6a, 6f and 6g were found to possess maximum growth inhibition. The order for the % control growth inhibition of MCF-7 was found to be 6a>6f>6g>5b>6h, as shown in Table II-VI.
GASTROPROTECTIVE AND ULCER HEALING ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ADIANTUM LUNULATUM
Authors: Deshpande M. N , Balekar N ,   Department of Pharmacology, PES’s Rajaram and Tarabai Bandekar College of Pharmacy, Farmagudi, Ponda – 403 401, Goa, India
Published: January 2022

Adiantum lunulatum is a fern found in monsoon season in Western Ghats, which is being used traditionally for many ailments such as bronchitis, cough, erysipelas and bleeding disorders. Aim of the present study was to investigate traditional claim of treating bleeding disorder and ulcer healing property of this plant. In the current study, ethanolic extract of adiantum lunulatum (500mg/kg) was evaluated for its efficacy in treating gastric ulcer in wistar albino rats. Ulcers were induced by different ulcer inducing models such as pylorus ligation induced ulcer, ethanol induced ulcer, cold restrain induced ulcer and aspirin induced ulcer. Omeprazole was used as a standard drug at a dose of 20mg/kg. Adiantum lunulatum showed a significant reduction in gastric ulcer, which was significantly comparable to standard drug omeprazole.
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF A SUSTAINED RELEASE TABLET OF BOSENTAN MONOHYDRATE FOR PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Dighe P. P , Tank H. M ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, PES’s Rajaram and Tarabai Bandekar College of Pharmacy,Farmagudi,Ponda, 403 401. Goa, India
Published: January 2022

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) means high blood pressure in the lungs caused by obstruction in the small arteries of the lungs.The current study involves the fabrication of oral matrix sustained release tablet of bosentan monohydrate, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist, the optimisation of its in vitro release and characterisation. Methocel K4M PremiumDC2, a directly compressible HPMC grade, has been used as the sustained release polymer. Pregelatinised starch is used as a diluent and release modifier and sodium lauryl sulphate as a solubiliser. The influence of the above variables on drug release is measured using a 23 factorial design using design expert software. Surface response plots show significant interaction among the formulation variables, thus aiding in optimization of bilayer tablet.
ANALYSIS OF LEAD AND CADMIUM IN SELECTE D INDIAN AYURVEDIC MEDICINES BY ICP-AES
Authors: Pande A ,   Institute of Forensic Science, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar - 382007, Gujarat, India
Published: January 2022

Herbal drugs used in treatment of diabetes, require long-term usage and the patient might be at risk of heavy metal poisoning. This study has been conducted to determine the concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cd in ten (10) commonly used anti-diabetic medicines of different brands. 6 out of 10 medicines were purchased from different medical stores in Mumbai and the other four were purchased from online ayurvedic medicine selling store, Rajasthan. The samples were digested using microwave digester and finally analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma- Atomic Emission Spectroscopy. The results revealed the concentration of cadmium in the range of 0.061 to 18731.940 ppm. The concentration of lead was detected which ranged from 0.37 to 1965172.97 ppm. Pb and Cd concentration levels in most of the medicines were higher than the maximum permissible limit as found, on their comparison with the safety standards given by World Health Organization (WHO). Based on the results obtained in the present work, it is concluded that the present technique is suitable for the determination of heavy metals concentration in anti-diabetic granules and tablets at the ppb level.
CURRENT CONCERNS – USTR REPORT AND BIODIVERSITY GUIDELINES
Authors:   Editor, Indian Drugs, Nair Gopakumar G.
Published: January 2022

Dear Reader, The Indian Pharmaceutical Industry is considered globally as the prime source of high-quality generic medicines which are affordable, accessible and available to all countries irrespective of their geographical location or social and economic status. While India has established its leadership in generic medicines in USA and other developed, developing and least developed economies, we are still falling short in innovation and new drug research. There are events and news emanating from overseas as well as from domestic agencies which need our attention, response and needful action, in this context
Evaluation of Reaction Time on Karate Athletes UKM Syiah Kuala University
Authors: Syamsulrizal Syamsulrizal , Riski Afrianda Tengku , Iqbal Muhammad , Marlina Yeni , Zahara Zahara
Published: January 2022

The  purpose  of  the study. Reaction time is a determining factor in sports, especially in martial arts. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the reaction time of UKM Karate athletes at Syiah Kuala University.
Materials and methods. The approach in this study uses a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, which means this technique is used to achieve certain goals. The samples in this study were athletes from UKM karate at Syiah Kuala University. The data collection technique was carried out by using the whole body reaction test to measure the reaction time of the athlete's arms and legs.
Results. results of the research in the form of a whole body reaction test, the results using the formula for the average value and the total percentage can be concluded: (1) The arm reaction time test with the total average value for male athletes is 0.169 seconds and female athletes are 0.173, and the highest percentage is in the very good category, amounting to 87% for male and female athletes, 75% in the very good category and (2) the limb reaction time test has an average value of 0.269 seconds for male athletes and female athletes of 0.361 seconds, with the highest percentage value amounted to 100% in the good category for male athletes and for female athletes it was in the sufficient category with a percentage of 50%.
Conclusions. the analysis show that most athletes have been able to maintain and increase reaction time well, to be able to improve and maintain it, regular and continuous training is needed