bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TAUSIYAH UNTUK PENGENDALIAN TEKANAN DARAH PENDERITA HIPERTENSI PRIMER DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PURWOKERTO TIMUR
Authors: Upoyo Arif Setyo , Mulyono Wastu Adi , Hidayat Arif Imam , Anam Akhyarul
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: hipertensi dapat menyebabkan penyakit jantung, ginjal dan stroke. Penatalaksanan non farmakologi pada pasien hipertensi primer adalah memodifikasi gaya hidup yang meliputi diet, olahraga dan pengendalian stres.Â  Tausiyah merupakan salah satu metode untuk menurunkan stres. Tujuan: untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh tausiyah terhadap tekanan darah penderita hipertensi primer di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Purwokerto Timur. Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen. Sampel penelitian sejumlah 37 orang, terdiri dari 17 responden sebagai kelompok intervensi dengan diperdengarkan tausiyah selama 20 menit dengan mp.3 player, dan 20 responden sebagai kelompok kontrol. Pembagian sampel dilakukan secara acak sederhana. Pengukuran tekanan darah menggunakan tensimeter digital. Pengujian perbedaan tekanan darah sebelum dan setelah intervensi menggunakan paired t test, sedangkan untuk mengetahui perbedaan perubahan tekanan darahÂ  pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi menggunakan independent t- test. Hasil: menunjukkan ada perbedaan tekanan darah yang bermakna sebelum dan setelah perlakuan pada kelompok intervensi (nilai p 0,012), penurunan tekanan darah juga ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol (nilai p 0,03). Pembahasan: tausiyah efektif menurunkan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi primer. ABSTRACT Introduction: Hipertension can cause heart deseases, renal deseases and stroke. Treatment non farmacology is modify life style that include diet, physical activity and stress control. Tauziyah is one methoda to control stress.Â  The objective of research is to identify the influnce of tauziyah toward blood pressure at hipertention patient. The research used quasy experimental. Sample are taked randomized. There were 17 respondent as intervension group and 20 respondent as control group. The intervenstion group got tauziyah for 20 minutes with mp.3 player. Blood pressure is measured before and after intervention with digital tensimetre. Analysis used paired t test and independent t test. There is significant blood pressure difference before and after intervention (p value 0.012) and there is significant decreasing blood pressure difference between intervention and control group. Tausiyah is efective to decrease blood pressure at primary hipertention patients.
PERUBAHAN TEKANAN DARAH SEBAGAI RESPON TERHADAP HIRDROTERAPI RENDAM KAKI DENGAN AIR HANGAT PADA WANITA DEWASA HIPERETENSI TAHAP I
Authors: Hutajulu Hotnida Elisabet , Malinti Evelin
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Perawatan hipertensi di rumah didapati masih sangat kurang. Tind akan sederhana dan perawatan dapat membantu menjaga tekanan darah. Meren dam air hangat dapat menurunkan tekanan darah dalam 15 menit, sekali sehariÂ  selama 5 hari berturut-turut. Tujuan: untuk melihat efektifitas rendam kaki dengan air hangat pada tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik wanita dewasa penderita hipertensi tahap I. Metode: pre-eksperimen dengan menggunakan one group pre test-post test desig n. Populasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu wanita usia 40-60 tahun dan sebanyak 20 orang yang dipilih secara purposive sampling sebagai responden. Hasil: menujukan penurunan nilai rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik dan d iastolik sebelum dan sesudah rendam kaki dengan air hangat selama 5 hari. Uji s tatistic paired t-test dan Wilcoxon menunjukan penurunan yang signifikan (Î± <.00 5). sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa rendam kaki dengan air hangat menurunk an tekanan darah pada wanita penderita hipertensi tahap I. Hasil penelitian ini da pat digunakan sebagai salah satu intervensi keperawatan untuk menangani hiper tensi dan dikembangkan untuk penilitian medis serta sebagai sumber informasi. Â  Kata Kunci : Hipertensi, Rendam Kaki, Air Hangat. Â  ABSTRACT Introduction: Treatment of hypertension at home was found to be less. Simple actions and trea tments can help maintain blood pressure. Soaking warm water make decrease bl ood pressure in 15 minutes, once a day for 5 days. Objectives: to see the effectiveness of foot soak with warm water influence systolic and dia stolic blood pressure adult women with stage 1 hypertension. Method: pre-experiment using one group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study is women aged 40-60 years and as many as 20 people selected by purposive sampling as respondents. Results: showed a decrease in mean values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and after soaking feet with warm water for 5 days. Test statistic paired t-test and Wilcoxon showed a significant decrease (Î± <.005). So, the concluded that soak feet with warm water make decrease blood pressure in women with stage 1 hypertension. The results of this stud y can be used as one of nursing intervention to handle hypertension and for rese arch in medical to be developed for sources of information. Â  Keywords:Â  Feet-dipping, Hypertension, Warm water
TEKNIK INJEKSI INTRAMUSKULAR TANPA ASPIRASI UNTUK MENURUNKAN INTENSITAS NYERI SAAT PROSEDUR INJEKSI VITAMIN NEUROBION 5000 PADA PASIEN POLI RAWAT JALAN RUMAH SAKIT ADVENT BANDUNG
Authors: Tambunan Evelyn
Published: July 2020

Pendahuluan: Penulisan skripsi ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pengalaman penulis saat bertugas di rumah sakit Advent Bandung, dimana prosedur penyuntikan intramuskular merupakan salah satu tindakan yang menimbulkan nyeri dan menggangu kenyamanan pasien. Prosedur baku yang berlaku hingga saat ini adalah masih menggunakan teknik aspirasi saat melakukan penyuntikkan intramuskular. Tujuan: Adapun tujuan dalam penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran intensitas nyeri penyuntikan intramuskular vitamin neurobion 5000 dengan teknik aspirasi dan tanpa aspirasi, serta perbedaan yang signifikan intesitas nyeri antara kedua teknik tersebut. Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah metode quasi experimental dengan model non-equivalent control group.  Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien poli rawat jalan rumah sakit Advent dengan jenis kelamin perempuan usia â‰¥ 18 tahun. Sampel berjumlah 44 responden yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi yang berupa skala nyeri penyuntikan intramuskular vitamin neurobion 5000 yang akan diisi oleh observer. Parameter yang diukur pada penelitian ini adalah intensitas nyeri dengan skala penilaian verbal (VRS) 0-3. VRS adalah intstrumen yang sudah valid (p = 0.01) dan lazim digunakan dalam praktek klinis untuk mengukur ntensitas nyeri. Hasil: Hasil analisa statistik Mann Whitney terdapat perbedaan skala nyeri yang signifikan dengan nilai p 0,001 (ï¡=0,05) antara prosedur penyuntikan intramuskular vitamin neurobion 5000 dengan teknik aspirasi dan tanpa aspirasi. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknik injeksi intramuskular tanpa aspirasi efektif dapat menurunkan skala nyeri penyuntikan intramuskular di Rumah Sakit Advent Bandung. Diskusi: diharapkan teknik tanpa aspirasi ini dapat menjadi prosedur baku dalam Standard operational procedure (SOP) yang berlaku, dan bagi penelitian selanjutnya untuk menggunakan jumlah sampel yang lebih banyak dan lebih homogen/spesifik, alat pengukuran skala nyeri yang berbeda dan jenis/larutan obat yang berbeda.

 

Kata kunci: injeksi intramuskular teknik aspirasi, injeksi intramuskular teknik tanpa aspirasi, intensitas nyeri
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM UPAYA PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH TAHU DI KECAMATAN BANDUNGAN, KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Sofianto Arif
Published: July 2020

Bandungan subdistrict, Semarang regency is one of the main industrial centers of tofu industry. Liquid waste out of tofu industry potentially to be processed into biogas, on the other hand if it is not managed will be the environmental contamination. Government of Semarang District has been providing assistance 2 units of biogas processing equipment to "Damai" group members. Assistance provided in the form of a biogas processing plant complete unit consisting of tank, digesters, sewage tank and filters as well as devices equipped with gas stove. Currently processing biogas utilization has not been optimal, there are still a lot of waste is wasted. The aim of research to determine the potential treatment and constraints of tofu wastewater into biogas. This research method is descriptive qualitative. Informants in this study were local government officials, the owner of tofu industry and workers in Bandungan subdistrict, Semarang regency. Data collected through interviews, questionnaires, Focused Group Discussion (FGD), and observation. Analysis of the data in this study using an interactive approach developed by Miles and Huberman. The study was conducted in June-September 2016. The conclusion of this study is that the utilization of liquid tofu wastewater into biogas in Bandungan has the potential to be developed with several notes, namely: the need for technological improvements, addition of supporting materials (cow feces), user behavior changing and the participation of communities. There is a need to experiment with the model of adding cow feces that enrich the number of waste decomposing microorganisms, planting disciplinary behavior of the perpetrators, especially in the operation, ingestion of materials and care as well as comprehensive dissemination both to users and surrounding communities.
Comparison Performance of PI and FPI Controllers for Model Reduction of Binary Distillation Column Plant
Authors: Alawad Nasir Ahmed
Published: July 2020

Distillation is the separation strategy in the oil and compound businesses for cleansing of conclusive items. This paper deals with the reduced dynamic model and control of the distillation tower by applying a multi-loop control framework in Matlab/Simulink for a double blend. The structure objective considered is to guarantee that the top item, the base item, the reflux rate and the reboiler rate stray inside their recommended limits forever and for all the aggravations. This paper proposes an optimal tuning method for fractional Proportional-Integral controller (FPI). The method consists of minimizing Integral Absolute Error (IAE) performance index criterion. Acceptable controller (FPI) is acquired via looking in the space of plan boundaries (Kp,Ki). An example of application (distillation column) plant is presented to evaluate the proposed method. A comparison with classical PI controller and optimal PI shows that the system under fractional state is robust in terms of transient specifications, maximum overshot, settling and rise times. The simulation results shows that more than (21%) improvement for reducing the max-overshot and(65%)improvement for increasing response speed for fractional PI compared with classical PI.MATLAB simulation toolbox is used to show the effectives of the proposed method.
Improving Efficiency Evaluation in Tourism Analysis: Weight Restrictions Models and Value Judgments
Authors: Alberca Pilar , Santos Jorge
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study is to analyze the operational efficiency of tourism firms using weights-restricted data envelopment analysis (DEA) in a mathematical optimization framework. The use of weight restrictions has been applied in several studies on efficiency and performance evaluation,
in order to account for the decision maker's information. In this study, a nonstandard approach to operational efficiency evaluation is applied in an attempt to overcome certain limitations in tourism analysis— namely, the fact that the analyst may choose to consider only a few rather
than all of the input variables. One of the main findings of this study is that total weight flexibility can lead to nonrational weights due to the fact that certain inputs are effectively ignored. Furthermore, total weight flexibility can result in too many units being assessed as efficient,
reducing the discriminatory power of the model. This problem can be solved by applying weight restrictions. A first practical implication is that the weighted DEA model yields better efficiency estimations. Moreover, since a high number of efficient units could be considered an unrealistic
result, the findings of this study demonstrate that the choice of weighted or restricted DEA model produces more accurate efficiency results.
KERAGAMAN JENIS DAN PERILAKU PEMANGSA PREDATOR YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN HAMA KEPIK PENGISAP BUAH KAKAOHelopeltis spp. PADA TANAMAN KAKAO
Authors: Puu Yustina Maria Silvia Wonga
Published: July 2020

Helopeltis spp. is one of the pests that attack cocoa fruit and can lead to decreased quality and quantity of fruit. Efforts to control that can be done is the utilization of natural enemy one of them is a predator. The large predator populations in the cocoa ecosystem will decrease the pest population of Helopeltisspp. the aim of this study was to know the predator species of pests associated with Helopeltisspp pests and predatory behavior.  This research was conducted in Ende Sub-district in 6 villages and Laboratory of Agricultural Faculty of Flores University from March to May 2017. The method used was observation in the field by taking predator samples and observed their morphology and testing of predatory behavior. The variables observed were predators and behavioral diversity and predator predation time. The results obtained 3 species of predators namely Oecophyllasmaragdina, Gasteracanthacancriformis, and Leucaugevenusta. The diversity of predator types associated with Helopeltis spp. all of which are low in Randorama village of 0.29; Randotonda village 0.31; village Ndetundora I 0.26; village Ndetundora II 0.16; village Ndetundora III 0.18; and Embutheru village 0.23. Predator behavior of each predator differs from the predation time of Oecophyllasmaragdina 47 min/ tail, Gasteracanthacancriformis 1 hour 51 min/tail and Leucaugevenusta 1 hour 29 min/ head.
PENGUKURAN EFISIENSI EKONOMI USAHATANI JAGUNG NGGELA (JAWA NGGELA) DI KABUPATEN ENDE
Authors: Lanamana Willybrordus
Published: July 2020

Economic Efficiency Measurement of Nggela Corn Farming (Jawa Nggela) at Ende Regency. This research aimed to: (1) analyze the economic efficiency level of Nggela corn farming and (2) analyze the factors which have an impact on economic efficiency. Data analysis use a production function approach and stochastic frontier cost function. The data analysis result shows that the seed price variable and fertilizer price give real effect at 99 % insignificance level, positive marked. Workers wage have no effect on production costs and negative marked. Production variables give a real effect at 99 % significance level. The average of Nggela corn farmers economic efficiency level is in the high category. The factors which have an effect on the economic efficiency of Nggela corn farming are; farmers age, duration of farming, frequency of getting information, members of farmer groups and the other income sources.
ANALISIS RISIKO PRODUKSI USAHATANI PADI LADANG DI DESA NGGELA KECAMATAN WOLOJITA KABUPATEN ENDE
Authors: Lanamana Willybrordus
Published: July 2020

This study aims to analyze the risk of field rice farming in the dry season and rainy season and the influence of the use of production inputs on the risk of field rice production. The research was conducted in Nggela village with consideration. a) is a dryland village with the main food commodities of paddy rice Field rice farmers in Nggela village as many as 53 farmers, all farmers were studied to get the data and information needed. Analysis of the data used is the coefficient of variation. This analysis is a measure of relative risk obtained by dividing the standard deviation with the expected value. . The magnitude of the influence of input use on production risk was analyzed using multiple linear regression, the production function used was the Cobb Douglass production function beginning with the classical assumption test. The results of the analysis show that the risk of producing paddy rice farming in the rainy season is lower than in the dry season. The results of the t-test analysis show that not all independent variables have a significant effect on the dependent variable. Variables that are not influential are labor variables. Data in the field shows that the workmanship in Nggela village is still familiar with the pattern of cooperation, so that a lot or a little workforce is used that does not affect the risk of production. In the variables of land, seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, there is a significant and negative sign, this means that any additional land area, seeds, fertilizers and pesticides will reduce the risk of field rice production.
EVALUASI KESUBURAN TANAH DI DUSUN KEKAWII III DESA RANDOTONDA KECAMATAN ENDE KABUPATEN ENDE
Authors: Kuswara Sebastianus , Mutiara Charly
Published: July 2020

Evaluation soil fertility in dusun kekawii III randotonda Village, Ende District, Ende Regency. This study aims to determine the physical properties of the soil and the level of suitability of the land in Kekawii III hamlet, Randotonda village, Ende District, Ende Regency. Research is exploratory research, by evaluating physical properties, the evaluation results are described and compared with the standard physical properties of existing soil. The results of the study show that the soil properties in Kekawii III Hamlet are the soil texture of the sandy soil, clay. In structures, the types that exist are rounded lumps, lumpy angles, granular structures. On the color of the land dominated by Dark brown, Very dark gray, Very dark grayish brown. The consistency of land, it can be seen that these lands have a consistency that is sticky, plastic, loose, soft. The pH of the soil ranges from 4.2-6.4 and the slope ranges from 5% - 12%
PENGARUH PENGURANGAN TONGKOL TIDAK BERKEMBANG DAN PEMBERIAN DOSIS NITROGEN TERHADAP HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG {Zea mays L.) VARIETAS LOKAL SERAYA
Authors: Erniyani Kristina , Djelantik A.A. Made Sudira , Sarwadana Sang Made
Published: July 2020

This research conducted to know the effect of decreasing undergrowth stem earn of corn and fertilized corn yield seraya local variety with nitrogen rates and interaction. The experimental factor is decreased unproductive stem earn consist left behind 1 stem earn (Tl), decrease by left behind 2 stem earn (T2) and without a decrease (T3). The second factor is nitrogen dosage by 0,115 and 172,5 kg N/ha. The result of research indicated a real and extremely real interaction between both of treatment factor (T x N) only happen on the amount of variable seed per line and amount of seed per crop. Treatment without decreasing undergrowth stem earn (T3) caused highly weight dry seed oven per hectare is 2,67 ton and lowest on decreasing undergrowth stem earn treatment to left behind 1 stem earn (Tl)  is  1,81 ton. Nitrogen treatment 115kg/ha (N2) caused highly weight dry seed oven 2,97 ton/ha and lowest 1,56  ton by 0 kg/ha nitrogen dosage.
IDENTIFIKASI HAMA PENGGEREK DAUN Liromiza spp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae) DAN PARASITOIDNYA YANG BERASOSIASI PADA BERBAGAI JENIS TANAMAN SAYURAN DI KECAMATAN DETUSOKO DAN KELIMUTU KABUPATEN ENDE
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Puu Yustina Maria Silvia Wonga , Erniyani Kristina , Jeksen Julianus
Published: July 2020

The aim of this research is to identify Liromiza spp. And the parasitoid is associated with various types of vegetable plants in Detusoko and Kelimutu Districts in Ende Regency. Data were analyzed by matching morphology of existing specimens with insect morphology books written by Bhorror 1970 and matching with standard specimens originating from Bali and Bogor. The results obtained from two vegetable producing districts in Ende, namely Detusoko and Kelimutu, show the following: There are two types of Liriomyza spp associated with several types of host plants in Ende Regency. L. huidobrensis (Diptera: Agromyzydae) is located in Kelimutu District and L Sativae (Diptera: Agromyzydae) is in Detusoko District. The diversity of parasitoids found in Detusoko Subdistrict were as many as four species from the Eulopidae family while in Kelimutu District there were five types of parasitoids originating from two families namely Braconidae and Euiopidae. Neosacharis okazaki is the most dominant type of parasitoid in each plant in Detusoko District. Opiits sp dominant in Kelimutu Subdistrict on the long bean, green beans, mustard greens, chicory and cabbage. While H. varicornis is dominant in Kelimutu District in tomato plants.
PROFIL MUTU KOMODITI UNGGULAN PERKEBUNAN KABUPATEN ENDE (KOMODITI KEMIRI)
Authors: Wangge Emilia S.A.
Published: July 2020

The study of the quality profile of plantation excellent commodity in Ende Regency (hazelnut commodity) is to provide information about the degree composition of water and fat on hazelnut commodity in Ende Regency. Hazelnut commodity profile benefits for the provision of trade opportunity information and the investment of hazelnut cultivation to both foreign and domestic investors, as well as business persons, in order to boost the investment growth in Ende Regency. This study was conducted in the Agriculture Technology Laboratory of the Udayana University of Denpasar. The presentation of hazelnut commodity profile in Ende Regency of East Nusa Tenggara Province apparently reveals that this region has great potential to be further developed viewed from the quality content aspect.
Criptococosis en el contexto del paciente inmunodeprimido
Authors: Figueroa Córdova Angela Lastenia , Siguencia Matute Edison Javier , Batten Cuadrado Mariana Isabel , Lara Hernández Marcia Flor
Published: July 2020

La criptococosis es una enfermedad micótica invasiva, oportunista de distribución mundial, los excrementos de aves son el reservorio ambiental predominante, es causada por levaduras encapsuladas patógena en el género Cryptococcus, que ingresan al individuo generalmente por la vía respiratoria donde los pacientes inmunodeprimidos tales como pacientes VIH/sida, que realizan trasplante de órganos o quimioterapias, son los grupo más vulnerables, se sabe que es la  tercera infección fúngica invasiva más común en receptores de trasplantes de órganos sólidos. Se pretende actualizar y describir la Criptococosis en el contexto del paciente inmunodeprimido con su nivel de evidencia mediante revisión documental; esta entidad continua siendo una enfermedad frecuente en inmunodeprimidos,  la manifestación pulmonar es la presentación más usual así como las  afecciones del sistema nervioso central, sin embargo destaca también otras formas cutáneas y óseas, regularmente sistémicas; la meningitis criptocócica representa más de 100,000 muertes especialmente en casos de paciente con inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH),  se ha demostrado que  el tratamiento con fluconazol y la anfotericina  son terapias efectivas.
Türkiye’de Bölgesel Dış Ticaret ile Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Marmara Bölgesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: SELAMCI Fatih , ÇETİN Guldenur
Published: July 2020

Dış ticaret faaliyetleri ülke ekonomilerinin gelişimi, ödemeler dengesi ve sanayi yapılanmaları bakımından son derece mühimdir. Özellikle İhracat faaliyetlerinin ve ihracatı destekleyici-özendirici tedbir ve uygulamaların ülkeye döviz girişi sağlaması yanında, sanayi sektörünün doğrudan veya dolaylı gelişimine katkıları sebebiyle ülke ekonomilerinin büyümesi üzerindeki etkileri, ekonomi ve uluslararası ticaret alanlarının ana başlıkları arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de Marmara Bölgesinde ithalat ve ihracatın ekonomik büyüme ile ilişkisini incelemektir. Bu çerçevede 2002-2018 döneminin ele alındığı çalışmamızda Pedroni Eşbütünleşme testi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarımıza göre ihracat ve ithalat ile ekonomik büyüme arasında ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar bölgedeki dış ticaretin ülke ekonomik büyümesine önemli katkı sağladığını göstermektedir.
Application of "Puerperal Healthy" of Optimization of Postpartum Mother Knowledges that Given Effleurage Relaxation Massage
Authors: . Herlina , Fatmasari Diyah , Pujiastuti Rr Sri Endang , . Runjati
Published: July 2020

The postpartum period is a critical period for both mother and baby. Every mother must have understanding, ability and access to health services. The application of education uses the application of "Puerperal Healthy" and Effleurage Relaxation Massage as a support system in an effort to improve the quality of maternal and child health services. Experimental research with a pre and posttest with control group design approach. Probability sampling techniques with cluster random sampling and simple random sampling numbered 62 postpartum mothers. Data analysis used paired t-test and mann whitney test. The knowledge of the respondents in the intervention group increased by 7.10 and the control group 4.61, the results of the statistical test were significant with p = 0,000. The application of the "Puerperal Healthy" application and Effleurage Relaxation Massage at each puerperal visit was effective in increasing knowledge of postpartum mothers
Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Serratiopeptidase Enzyme from Serratia marcescens
Authors: K.C Suma. , H Manasa. , A Likhitha. , T.S Nagamani.
Published: July 2020

Serratiopeptidase is a proteolytic enzyme that is derived from a member of Enterobacteriaceae. Serratia marcescens is a gram-negative bacteria identified characteristically, which produces a red pigment called prodigiosin. Serratiopeptidase is a multifunctional proteolytic enzyme that dissolves non-living tissues such as fibrin, blood clots, inflammation in all forms without harming living tissues. In this study, the organism was isolated from the diseased silkworm's pupa by using Luria- Bertani (LB) agar media. The enzyme production can be enhanced by applying different physical and chemical parameters. Serratia marcescens was subjected to production such that in order to obtain the maximum level of cell-free supernatant Serratiopeptidase enzyme with all the optimized conditions. The enzyme was subjected to purification by four methods such as salt precipitation, dialysis, ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. When subjected to enzyme kinetics, Serratiopeptidase was active at temperature 350C, pH-9 with 8 minutes of the incubation period. The molecular weight of serratiopep
Synthesis and Characterization of CdS Slim Film Grown by CBD Method
Authors: Anna Vhadgal Gorakh
Published: July 2020

Substance shower testimony strategy have been utilized to store Cadmium sulfide dainty film. The affect of the appropriate response temperature and PH is explored on this work. The introduction of CdS dainty film Cadmium Sulfate, Anomia, Thiourea and Double refined water is utilized as wellspring of material . Examining Electron microscopy (SEM ) is utilized for morphological attributes of CdS slender film. UV spectroscopy have been utilized for optical living arrangements of the CdS slender film .The band hole of CdS dainty film by methods for UV spectroscopy changed into 2.42 eV . The X-R diffraction investigation is affirmed that the CdS meager film were polycrystline with hexagonal shape the ideal direction of CdS slender film had been(002) and crystalline size 50nM .It changed into chose from the broadenings of corrousponding X-Ray diffraction tops by means of the utilization of Debye scherrer recipe.
Comparision of Voltage Stress Across the MOSFET Switch of a Flyback Converter with Various Snubbers
Authors: . Soumya , Nagashree A.N , Geetha R.S
Published: July 2020

A Flyback converter is a simple switch-mode power supply that can be used to generate a DC output from either an AC or DC input. The converter switch is the most critical part of any converter. The voltage stress across the switch is a major issue as the high voltage spikes occur due to interaction between its output capacitance and the leakage inductance of the transformer. These spikes can be reduced with various snubbers like conventional tertiary winding, Resistor Capacitor and Diode(RCD) snubber, energy regenerative snubber and an active clamp snubber. This paper aims to analyze and compare the voltage stress across the MOSFET switch of Flyback converter with various snubber circuits.
Dual-wavelength ALMA Observations of Dust Rings in Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Long 龙 Feng 凤 , Pinilla Paola , Herczeg 沈 Gregory J. 雷歌 , Andrews Sean M. , Harsono Daniel , Johnstone Doug , Ragusa Enrico , Pascucci Ilaria , Wilner David J. , Hendler Nathan , Jennings Jeff , Liu Yao , Lodato Giuseppe , Menard Francois , van de Plas Gerrit , Dipierro Giovanni
Published: July 2020

We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations for three protoplanetary disks in Taurus at 2.9 mm and comparisons with previous 1.3 mm data both at an angular resolution of ∼0.″1 (15 au for the distance of Taurus). In the single-ring disk DS Tau, double-ring disk GO Tau, and multiring disk DL Tau, the same rings are detected at both wavelengths, with radial locations spanning from 50 to 120 au. To quantify the dust emission morphology, the observed visibilities are modeled with a parametric prescription for the radial intensity profile. The disk outer radii, taken as 95% of the total flux encircled in the model intensity profiles, are consistent at both wavelengths for the three disks. Dust evolution models show that dust trapping in local pressure maxima in the outer disk could explain the observed patterns. Dust rings are mostly unresolved. The marginally resolved ring in DS Tau shows a tentatively narrower ring at the longer wavelength, an observational feature expected from efficient dust trapping. The spectral index (α
mm) increases outward and exhibits local minima that correspond to the peaks of dust rings, indicative of the changes in grain properties across the disks. The low optical depths (τ ∼ 0.1–0.2 at 2.9 mm and 0.2–0.4 at 1.3 mm) in the dust rings suggest that grains in the rings may have grown to millimeter sizes. The ubiquitous dust rings in protoplanetary disks modify the overall dynamics and evolution of dust grains, likely paving the way toward the new generation of planet formation.
Newly Discovered Papers of S. Chandrasekhar and an Ethical Dilemma
Authors: Lattis James , Osborn Wayne
Published: July 2020

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (1910–1995) was one of the most important figures of 20th–Century astrophysics. The closing of Yerkes Observatory by the University of Chicago in 2018 led to discovery in Chandrasekhar’s old Yerkes office of several boxes of items he had left. They included a sealed envelope, which when opened revealed an inner sealed envelope on which was written “Please do not examine contents. Thanks. S. Chandrasekhar.” This paper discusses how the authors handled the ethical dilemma of balancing the wishes of a deceased scientific icon versus the obvious possibility that the envelope contained materials of historical importance.
L’Iran, des mouvements sociaux démocratiques aux mouvements régressifs
Authors: Khosrokhavar Farhad
Published: July 2020

Depuis quatre décennies, le régime iranien a évolué, passant d’un autoritarisme à un autre. Ceci n’empêche pas la récurrence de mobilisations politiques depuis le régime du Chah. Si l’une d’elles a finalement fait basculer le pays en 1979 dans une nouvelle dictature, celle-ci a dû régulièrement faire face à des mobilisations mais dont la tonalité et la nature ont changé. De l’expression de revendications politiques tournées vers la quête de démocraties et portées par des leaders, on est passé à des mobiles plus socioéconomiques, en retrait par rapport aux revendications démocratiques tandis qu’elles sont sans leaders.
Localizing Iranian diaspora politics: A comparative approach to transnational critique and incorporation
Authors: Moghaddari Sonja
Published: July 2020

La recherche sur la migration iranienne est en pleine croissance, or elle est limitée de par le focus géographique sur la Californie du Sud et sur les États-Unis, ainsi que par la centralité de l’État-nation comme cadre analytique. Contribuant à la recherche sur les politiques diasporiques iraniennes, le présent article se fonde sur une critique épistémologique afin de proposer une approche comparative centrée sur la relation entre l’intégration locale et l’engagement transnational. S’appuyant sur la recherche quant aux migrations transnationales et aux mouvements sociaux, une ethnographie historique illustrera mon propos portant sur les articulations entre l’engagement politique de trois groupes d’immigrés iraniens basés à Hambourg, à Florence et à Genève, entre 1951 et 2019. Penser l’ancrage territorial de manière comparative représente un effort urgent visant à complexifier les positionnements transnationaux iraniens au-delà du seul paradigme de l’opposition au régime iranien.
La Chine et l’Iran : une « alliance » en formation ?
Authors: Kellner Thierry
Published: July 2020

Au XX e siècle, dès la période du Shah, en dépit de la très grande différence de régime politique, la République populaire de Chine (RPC) et l’Iran ont progressivement développé leurs relations. Malgré des turbulences, la révolution islamique de 1979 ne les a pas remises en cause. Au contraire, depuis les années 80, elles se sont régulièrement étendues. Le contexte lié à la question nucléaire iranienne depuis 2003 leur a permis de s’amplifier. Téhéran, isolé, a recherché davantage l’appui chinois alors que Pékin a utilisé ce contexte pour étendre les liens et accentuer son implication économique dans le pays. Ces deux dernières décennies, ils ont donc consolidé leurs rapports multiformes. Si la signature du Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) à Vienne le 14 juillet 2015 a eu des effets contrastés sur leurs rapports bilatéraux, sa dénonciation par l’administration Trump en mai 2018, tout en créant de l’incertitude, en a ouvert une nouvelle étape. Vu ces développements, on peut s’interroger sur la possibilité d’une « alliance » entre les deux régimes. Les dynamiques en œuvre, les intérêts croisés et les multiples coopérations établies semblent y pousser. Cette hypothèse méconnaît pourtant d’importantes limites à leurs relations bilatérales.
Le salaire minimum en France : historique et débats
Authors: Concialdi Pierre
Published: July 2020

L’article retrace l’histoire du salaire minimum en France, depuis sa création en 1950. Une première partie met en perspective les modifications législatives et réglementaires qui ont accompagné cette histoire et identifie trois grandes périodes (1950-1967, 1968-1981, depuis 1982). Une deuxième partie met en évidence l’impasse où conduit la politique d’exonération des cotisations sociales sur les « bas salaires » en ce qui concerne le salaire minimum. On y souligne notamment les trous noirs des analyses développées par le groupe d’experts sur le Smic mis en place en 2009. Une troisième partie aborde les principaux débats autour du salaire minimum, en considérant successivement le point de vue de l’employeur et celui du salarié. On propose en conclusion une estimation du salaire minimum décent ( living wage ) qui s’appuie sur les budgets de référence publiés par l’Observatoire nationale de la pauvreté et de l’exclusion sociale (Onpes).
L’éducation interculturelle : une éducation aux frontières
Authors: Lamarre Jean-Marc
Published: July 2020

Avec l’avènement du Monde, nous sommes entrés dans l’âge de l’inséparation qui ne supprime pas les frontières mais les brouille et qui généralise les transferts culturels et l’hybridation entre les cultures. Aujourd’hui, l’éducation ne peut plus être seulement nationale, elle doit devenir (et en un sens elle l’est déjà) cosmopolitique et interculturelle. L’éducation interculturelle est une éducation frontalière. Elle doit être à la fois critique et herméneutique. Critique : la diversité culturelle est inséparable de rapports de domination entre les cultures. Herméneutique : l’éducation interculturelle est un apprentissage simultané du propre et de l’étranger qui crée un espace-tiers d’hybridation entre cultures propres et cultures étrangères et qui donne à chacun la possibilité d’une identité frontalière, relationnelle et plurielle.
Abolir les frontières dans la classe ?
Authors: Kolly Bérengère
Published: July 2020

Poser la question des frontières à l’école peut s’effectuer sous des formes multiples : entre les différents espaces scolaires, frontières temporelles entre les différents temps éducatifs, frontières, enfin, liées aux contenus d’enseignements. Ce texte propose d’étudier les frontières à l’intérieur même de la salle de classe, espace clos et limité, mais non homogène. Si les frontières sont aussi des lieux de passage, des seuils, comment envisager les effets de seuil au sein même de l’espace classe, en les envisageant comme des enjeux éducatifs ? Quels effets pourraient avoir l’abolition de ces mêmes frontières dans une classe ? Nous proposons de saisir ces enjeux de manière inhabituelle, en commençant ce texte non par un exposé d’ordre théorique ou philosophique, mais par la description succincte de cartes dessinées rendant compte des mouvements, des chemins d’élèves et d’une enseignante dans deux classes (aux pratiques montessorienne et apparentée) aux frontières abolies. Ces cartographies seront ensuite confrontées à un modèle opposé, disciplinaire, comme archétype d’un fonctionnement sur des frontières rigides et infranchissables. En réintroduisant les notions de seuil et de limite, nous esquisserons enfin ce que pourraient être les conditions présidant à une abolition des frontières dans la classe, en soulignant l’importance de rendre cet espace habitable et habité.
Où sommes-nous quand nous sommes à l’école ?
Authors: Foray Philippe
Published: July 2020

Où sommes-nous quand nous sommes à l’école ? A cette question, la tradition politique française répond en reliant l’espace scolaire et le domaine public : l’école (publique) est une institution publique. Les analyses d’Hannah Arendt (et de Paul Ricoeur) suggèrent une autre réponse : l’école n’appartient pas à une seule sphère ; elle est à l’intersection de plusieurs (privé, social, public). Cet article expose cette idée et examine certaines des conséquences du lien entre l’école et la sécularisation.
De l’école-sanctuaire à l’école sans murs
Authors: Pachod André
Published: July 2020

L’école française se vit dans un espace/temps marqué par des frontières matérielles ou symboliques. L’école dite entre les murs peut se définir, en référence au langage religieux, comme un sanctuaire et une clôture qui séparent, protègent, régulent. L’école-sanctuaire et la clôture scolaire favorisent la forme scolaire qui désigne le mode d’organisation de l’école tel qu’il s’est peu à peu imposé en Occident depuis le XVIe siècle pour se répandre largement ailleurs. Les évolutions de la société, de la scolarisation, des méthodes d’enseignement et d’apprentissage ne cessent de mettre en question cet idéal-type qui est appelé à évoluer, voire disparaître. En société cognitive et néo-libérale, l’école peut se vivre sans les murs : formation à distance, classe virtuelle, MOOC. Ces réalités questionnent l’avenir de l’école dans ses formes, ses méthodes et, surtout, dans ses finalités actuelles et futures.
Secured Energy-Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Ghosh Ahona , Ho Chiung Ching , Bestak Robert
Published: July 2020

Wireless sensor networks consist of unattended small sensor nodes having low energy and low range of communication. It has been observed that if there is any system to periodically start and stop the sensors sensing activities, then it saves some energy, and thus, the network lifetime gets extended. According to the current literature, security and energy efficiency are the two main concerns to improve the quality of service during transmission of data in wireless sensor networks. Machine learning has proved its efficiency in developing efficient processes to handle complex problems in various network aspects. Routing in wireless sensor network is the process of finding the route for transmitting data among different sensor nodes according to the requirement. Machine learning has been used in a broad way for designing energy efficient routing protocols, and this chapter reviews the existing works in the said domain, which can be the guide to someone who wants to explore the area further.
Modelling a Deep Learning-Based Wireless Sensor Network Task Assignment Algorithm
Authors: Issac Titus , Silas Salaja , Rajsingh Elijah Blessing
Published: July 2020

The 21st century is witnessing the emergence of a wide variety of wireless sensor network (WSN) applications ranging from simple environmental monitoring to complex satellite monitoring applications. The advent of complex WSN applications has led to a massive transition in the development, functioning, and capabilities of wireless sensor nodes. The contemporary nodes have multi-functional capabilities enabling the heterogeneous WSN applications. The future of WSN task assignment envisions WSN to be heterogeneous network with minimal human interaction. This led to the investigative model of a deep learning-based task assignment algorithm. The algorithm employs a multilayer feed forward neural network (MLFFNN) trained by particle swarm optimization (PSO) for solving task assignment problem in a dynamic centralized heterogeneous WSN. The analyses include the study of hidden layers and effectiveness of the task assignment algorithms. The chapter would be highly beneficial to a wide range of audiences employing the machine and deep learning in WSN.
A Speed Control-Based Big Data Collection Algorithm (SCBDCA) Using Clusters and Portable Sink WSNs
Authors: Krishnan Rajkumar , V. Jeyalakshmi , Ebenezer V. , G. Ramesh
Published: July 2020

WSNs collects a huge amount of heterogeneous information and have been widely applied in various applications. Most of the information collecting techniques for WSNs can't keep away from the hotspot trouble. This problem affects the connectivity of the community and reduces the life of the entire community. Hence, an efficient speed control based data collection algorithm (SCBDCA) using mobile sink in WSNs is proposed. A tree construction technique is introduced based on weight such that the origin nodes of the built timber are described as rendezvous points (RPs). Also, other unique type of nodes named sub or additional rendezvous points (ARPs or SRPs) is chosen in accordance to their traffic consignment and hops to origin nodes in the network. Mobile sink gathers the information from the cluster head (CH) and is controlled by speed control mechanism. Simulation results among different existing procedures exhibit that the SCBDCA can extensively stabilize the consignment of the communication network, decrease the energy consumption, and extend the lifetime in the communication network.
The Internet of Things in the Russian Federation
Authors: Zharova Anna , Elin Vladimir M.
Published: July 2020

The chapter presents a study on ensuring the information security of the Russian Federation in the field of the internet of things (IoT), an analysis of Russian state policy in this field and methods for its implementation in terms of technical and legal regulation, and the directions of state development in field creating a system of regulation of relations in the field of IoT. To present the general picture of the state's opposition to the risks and threats arising from the use of the IoT, a comparison is made of the risks and threats used by the FSTEC of Russia and ENISA. The authors disclose Russian approaches to ensuring information security, reflected in state strategic documents, including the strategy adopted in 2015 in the field of ensuring information security by switching to their own information technologies. In conclusion, recommendations are made for government bodies and users to ensure integrated information security.
Augmented Data Prediction Efficiency for Wireless Sensor Network Application by AI-ML Technology
Authors: R. J. S. Jeba Kumar , J. Roopa JayaSingh , C. Alvino Rock
Published: July 2020

Practical wireless sensor network (WSN) demands cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) technology like deep learning (DL), which is the subset of AI paradigm to impart intelligence to end devices or nodes. Innovation of AI in WSN aids the enhanced connected world of internet of things (IoT). AI is an evolving area of intelligent learning methodologies by computers via machine learning algorithms (MLA). This chapter entirely deals with the implementation of AI technologies in the areas of advanced machine learning, language recognition using natural language processing (NLP), and image recognition through live example of machine learning. MLA are constructed to predict optimized output by giving training dataset inputs. In image recognition, an outcome model utilizing the existing reference model to predict DL-based AI prediction. Complex DL AI services is achieved by Bluemix sole power-driven Watson studio and Watson Assistant Service. Application programming interface keys are designated to connect Watson and Node Red Starter (NRS) to provide the web interface.
Improving the Wear Resistance of Piston Rings of Internal Combustion Engines when Using Ion-Plasma Coatings
Authors: Krasnyy V.A. , Maksarov Vyacheslav V. , Maksimov D.D.
Published: July 2020

Modern designs of piston rings of internal combustion engines and wear-resistant coatings used for them are considered. It is noted that the upper (compression) ring undergoes the most intense wear. Among the traditionally used wear-resistant coatings of compression rings, galvanic chrome plating and thermal spraying with molybdenum are most often used. The paper proposes the use of the ion-plasma spraying method for applying hard wear-resistant coatings to the working surface of piston rings based on titanium and molybdenum nitrides. The specified method relates to vacuum coating technologies (PVD methods), in which layers of high-strength materials are sprayed directly onto the surface of the product. The present work aimed to carry out comparative tribotechnical tests of piston ring samples having hard coatings obtained by ion-plasma spraying and to compare them with traditional galvanic chromium plating. A technique has been developed for a comprehensive assessment of comparative tribological characteristics, including the critical load during testing, the specific load of seizing, the coefficients of friction, scoring resistance, and wear resistance. The test results of samples with the galvanic coating with chromium, ion-plasma spraying with titanium nitride, and molybdenum nitride are shown. In contrast, it is shown that samples with an applied ion-plasma coating surpass samples that are electrolytically chrome plated by all tribological parameters. The results obtained allow concluding that the ion-plasma coating of molybdenum nitride is promising for piston rings, as well as other critical parts of internal combustion engines.
X-Ray Studies of Vein Quartz from Shungite Rocks
Authors: Rigaeva Yuliya L. , Rozhkova Natalia N. , Kovalchuk Anna A. , Ekimova Tatyana A. , Tikhomirova Elena V.
Published: July 2020

Silicon dioxide is the most common silicon compound and a major constituent of the Earth’s crust. Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is a chemical compound that is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula SiO2. Silica is most commonly found in nature as quartz. Quartz exists in natural and synthetic forms. More specifically α-quartz is a widely known material, which is stable at low temperatures and pressures. The α-quartz is considered competent material because over the past many years it has attracted wide attention due to its unique characteristics. The article presents the research results from comparison between one of the morphological varieties of quartz – vein quartz of shungite rocks from Zazhogino deposit of Karelia – and a reference quartz sample. Via the Rietveld method, the values of the lattice parameters are determined. Apparent coherent length for vein quartz samples having contacts with various minerals are determined by the approximation method.