bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA ORGANIZAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NO PROCEDIMENTO DE CLASSIFICAÇÃO E INDEXAÇÃO E NOS PROCESSOS CRIME COM PERSPECTIVA DE GÊNERO: interpelações acerca dos Feminicídios no Estado de São Paulo - Brasil
Authors: Fioravanti Denise Cristina Belan , NASCIMENTO FRANCISCO ARRAIS , Sabbag Deise Maria Antonio
Published: June 2019

Objetivou-se analisar a forma de indexação e classificação nos processos crime com Perspectiva de Gênero alocado enquanto Mortes Violentas de Mulheres – Feminicídios no Estado de São Paulo. Estudo descritivo ancora-se em uma Análise de Domínio (Tennis, 2002; 2003; Hjørland, 1995; 1997; 1998; 2002; 2003 e 2005), alicerçado em cartografia de documentos orientada sob as linhas de Rolnik (1989). Observou-se que existe uma demanda social que emerge dos movimentos sociais tanto Feministas, LGBTQI+ quando de Direitos Humanos por uma equidade de direitos que vem auferindo largo espaço nos debates acadêmicos e que necessitam de dados confiáveis para que possam mensurar com verossimilhança o cenário nacional para que assim se possa impulsionar, criar e acompanhar politicas publicas protetivas dos direitos das mulheres. Tal ação é freada pelas “imprecisões”, “distorções” e “inverossimilhanças” presentes no vocabulário dos processos crime, que dificultam a recuperação da informação.
O PODER DE NOMEAR E AS CLASSIFICAÇÕES NO DOMÍNIO DAS HOMOSSEXUALIDADES MASCULINAS E MODALIDADES ALTERNATIVAS DE SEXUALIDADE NO BRASIL
Authors: NASCIMENTO FRANCISCO ARRAIS , Massoni Luis Fernando Herbert , da Silva Shirakava Rafael , Martinez-Ávila Daniel , Pinho Fabio Assis
Published: June 2019

Objetivou-se compreender as autonomeações praticadas em aplicativos de interação social de forma a esboçar uma classificação do domínio das homosexualidades masculinas, modalidades alternativas de sexualidade e de desejo no Brasil. O estudo qualitativo de cunho documental, apoiado em pesquisa bibliográfica, sob a forma de cartografia, tem como corpus 1.732 palavras extraídas de 1.005 títulos de perfis de usuários do Scruff (aplicativo mobile de interação social utilizado por homens que buscam relacionar-se afetivo-sexualmente com outros homens), recorrendo-se à técnica de Mineração de Textos por meio do software Voyant Tools, permitindo a visualização de correlações, coocorrências, fluxos e dispersão de temáticas textuais, além da técnica de análise de conteúdo para identificação dos principais assuntos contemplados no corpus. Assim, em sua autoclassificação, alguns sujeitos utilizam-se termos que provocam deslizamentos de sentido, afastando-os da identidade homossexual e reforçando sua masculinidade, baseando-se em estereótipos e preconceitos.
Comparing unsupervised speech learning directly to human performance in speech perception
Authors: Millet Juliette , Jurov Nika , Dunbar Ewan
Published: June 2019

We compare the performance of humans (English and French listeners) versus an unsupervised speech model in a perception experiment (ABX discrimination task). Although the ABX task has been used for acoustic model evaluation in previous research, the results have not, until now, been compared directly with human behaviour in an experiment. We show that a standard, well-performing model (DPGMM) has better accuracy at predicting human responses than the acoustic baseline. The model also shows a native language effect, better resembling native listeners of the language on which it was trained. However, the native language effect shown by the models is different than the one shown by the human listeners, and, notably, the models do not show the same overall patterns of vowel confusions.
Characterizing the whiteness dependence of the Hermann and Scintillating Grid visual illusions
Authors: Sun Eric
Published: June 2019

The Hermann Grid and the Scintillating Grid are among the most prominent brightness-contrast illusions. Perception of these illusions is sensitive to a wide range of image parameters including color, linearity of the edges, and visual size of the images. Here we characterize the influence of three prominent parameters that influence grid illusion perception--dot whiteness, line whiteness, and background whiteness. Experimental data was obtained from several volunteer groups that were tasked with scoring the magnitude of the illusion for images exhibiting different whiteness levels of these three grid elements. Analysis of the data revealed a significant dependence of illusion perception on the whiteness of grid elements. Surprisingly, illusion perception effectively disappeared after an intermediate threshold of whiteness for the dot, line, and background elements in both the Scintillating Grid and Hermann Grid. Moreover, increasing the size of elements decreased the illusion magnitude. The results of this study quantify the whiteness-dependence of brightness-contrast grid illusions and may motivate new experiments to understand the neural mechanisms that are responsible for their perception.
Dissociable Associations of Facets of Mindfulness with Worry, Rumination, and Transdiagnostic Perseverative Thought
Authors: Thompson Justine S. , Jamal-Orozco Nabila , Hallion Lauren S.
Published: June 2019

Objectives: Perseverative thought, an umbrella term encapsulating thoughts that are repetitive and difficult-to-control (e.g., worry; rumination), is a major feature and mechanism of anxiety and depression. Mindfulness-based interventions show promise for reducing perseverative thought and improving present-moment focus, but efforts to tailor or optimize these interventions remain rare. Given the multifaceted nature of mindfulness, a nuanced understanding of how each facet (awareness; nonjudgment; nonreactivity; describing) incrementally relates to different facets of perseverative thought may help to inform and expedite treatment development.Methods: We tested hypothesized associations between dissociable facets of mindfulness and perseverative thought in three well-powered, independent samples (N = 289 undergraduate students; N = 286 crowdsourced participants; N = 277 community participants with elevated anxiety or depression). Results: Consistent with predictions, and across all three samples, greater present-moment awareness, nonjudgment, and nonreactivity were all uniquely (incrementally) and inversely related to transdiagnostic perseverative thought. Nonreactivity was inversely and incrementally related to trait worry, beyond variance shared with transdiagnostic perseverative thought, rumination, and other mindfulness facets. Nonjudgment was similarly uniquely related to rumination. Unexpectedly, present-moment awareness predicted higher trait worry when other facets were controlled. Findings were robust to sensitivity analyses controlling for general distress.Conclusions: The present study establishes and replicates in three independent samples a broad inverse association between present-moment awareness and transdiagnostic perseverative thought, and specific associations between nonreactivity with trait worry, and nonjudgment with trait rumination. Experimental research is needed to test hypothesized causal pathways to inform theory and development of transdiagnostic and personalized treatments.
Infant-Directed Speech Effects in Adult Artificial Grammar Learning
Authors: Lukics Krisztina Sára , Lukács Ágnes
Published: June 2019

First language acquisition is facilitated by several characteristics of infant-directed speech, but we know little about their relative contribution to learning different aspects of language. We investigated infant-directed speech effects on the acquisition of a linear artificial grammar in two experiments. We examined the effect of incremental presentation of strings (starting small) and prosody (comparing monotonous, arbitrary and phrase prosody). Presenting shorter strings before longer ones led to higher learning rates compared to random presentation. Prosody marking phrases had a similar effect, yet, prosody without marking syntactic units did not facilitate learning. These studies were the first to test the starting small effect with a linear artificial grammar, and also the first to investigate the combined effect of starting small and prosody. Our results suggest that starting small and prosody facilitate the extraction of regularities from artificial linguistic stimuli, indicating they may play an important role in natural language acquisition.
Exposure to Armed Conflict and Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Thiede Brian C. , Hancock Matthew , Kodouda Ahmed , Piazza James
Published: June 2019

Changes in fertility patterns are hypothesized to be among the many second-order consequences of armed conflict, but expectations about the direction of such effects are theoretically ambiguous. Prior research, from a range of contexts, has also yielded inconsistent results. We contribute to this debate by using harmonized data and methods to examine the effects of exposure to conflict on preferred and observed fertility outcomes across a spatially and temporally extensive population. We use high-resolution georeferenced data from 25 sub-Saharan African countries, combining records of violent events from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Dataset with data on fertility goals and outcomes from the Demographic and Health Surveys (n=368,765 women aged 15-49 years). We estimate a series of linear and logistic regression models to assess the effects of exposure to conflict events on ideal family size and the probability of childbearing within the 12 months prior to the interview. We find that, on average, exposure to armed conflict leads to modest reductions in both respondents’ preferred family size and their probability of recent childbearing. Many of these effects are heterogeneous between demographic groups and across contexts, which suggests systematic differences in women’s vulnerability or preferred responses to armed conflict. Additional analyses suggest that conflict-related fertility declines may be driven by delays or reductions in marriage. These results contribute new evidence about the demographic effects of conflict and their underlying mechanisms, and broadly underline the importance of studying the many second-order effects of organized violence on vulnerable populations.
Can inequalities in political participation explain health inequalities?
Authors: Reeves Aaron , Mackenbach Johan P.
Published: June 2019

Inequalities in health are pervasive and durable, but they are not uniform. To date, however, the drivers of these between-country patters in health inequalities remain largely unknown. In this analysis, we draw on data from 17 European countries to explore whether inequalities in political participation, that is, inequalities in voting by educational attainment, are correlated with health inequalities. Over and above a range of relevant confounders, such as GDP, income inequality, health spending, social protection spending, poverty rates, and smoking, greater inequalities in political participation remain correlated with higher health inequalities. If ‘politicians and officials are under no compulsion to pay much heed to classes and groups of citizens that do not vote’ then political inequalities could indirectly affect health through its impact on policy choices that determine who has access to the resources necessary for a healthy life. Inequalities in political participation, then, may well be one of the ‘causes of the causes’ of ill-health.
Effect of Tourism on Environmental Pollution: Further Evidence from Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand
Authors: Azam Muhammad , Alam Md. Mahmudul , Hafeez Muhammad Haroon
Published: June 2019

The central aim of this study is to contribute to the encroachment of knowledge on impact of tourism on environmental pollution by CO2 emissions ASEAN-3 namely Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore during 1990-2014. The FMOLS results reveal that the impact of tourism variable on environmental pollution is significantly positive, while for Thailand and Singapore, it is found negative and statistically significant. Empirical findings suggest that sustainable economic development should be ensured by implementing prudent public policy, where tourism industry needs to be expanded further but fulfilment of its responsibility towards maintaining green and sustainable environment must be top most priority.
The Performance of Islamic Banks during the 2008 Global Financial Crisis: Evidence from the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
Authors: Hussien Mohammed Ebrahim , Alam Md. Mahmudul , Murad Wahid , Abu N.M. Wahid
Published: June 2019

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyze the profitability performance of Islamic banks of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region during 2008 global financial crisis.Design/methodology/approach – Bank specific data are taken from the Bank Scope database and macroeconomic data are collected from International Financial Statistics. Using a panel data series of 30 banks for the period of 2005 to 2011, the study shows the evidence of structural break for the crisis year as well as the factors that impact the profitability of Islamic banks.Findings – The performance of GCC Islamic banks was significantly influenced during the crisis period by capital adequacy, credit risk, financial risk, operational efficiency, liquidity, bank size, gross domestic product, growth rate of money supply, bank sector development and inflation rate. The study also finds that there is a structural change before and after the global financial crisis.Originality/value – This is an original study that shows that the shariah compliant banks have performed better during the crisis and are not affected based on their internal performance records; rather, they have been affected indirectly from the macro shock due to the overall economic crisis.
Quan hệ hợp tác Việt Nam – Hoa Kỳ trong lĩnh vực giáo dục đại học từ năm 1992 đến năm 2015
Authors: Le Ngoc Anh Hoang
Published: June 2019

Hoang Le Ngoc Anh (Academy of Journalism and Communication, Vietnam) wrote about the cooperation between Vietnam and the United States in education from 1992 to 2015.
Experimental study on transient flow fluctuation characteristics in a 3 × 3 rod bundle under rolling condition
Authors: Yan C.-X. , Zhang Y. , Liu C.-Y.
Published: June 2019

Experimental investigation on adiabatic transient flow fluctuation characteristics in a 3 × 3 rod bundles subjected to rolling motion in normal pressure and temperature was carried out. Single-phase flow as well as gas parameters under stagnant liquid condition were concerned. Ranges of liquid Reynolds number and gas flow rate were 657–3 328 and 0.079–0.2 m3/h, respectively. Rolling period and amplitude range from 8 s to 16 s and from 5° to 15°, respectively. Fluctuation amplitudes of transient parameters such as flow rate, pressure drop, void fraction and gas rising velocity were focused on this study. The results indicate that flow rate and frictional pressure drop present obvious fluctuations after rolling motion, and the fluctuation amplitudes decrease with the decrease of bypass valve opening. Flow rate reaches to peak at the positive rolling amplitude and it reaches to trough at the negative rolling amplitude, and there is no obvious phase difference between the fluctuation and rolling angle. Periodical fluctuation of gas flow rate was weakened with the increase of gas inlet pressure and valve opening under experimental conditions, while the variations of void fraction and gas rising velocity were limited. Transient parameter fluctuations correspond to the rolling period at low gas flow rate, whereas their periodical fluctuations are inconspicuous in relative high gas flow rate. Amplitudes of void fraction and gas rising velocity increase with increasing the rolling amplitude while the amplitudes of void fraction and gas rising velocity are nearly invariable with the rolling period no matter if gas flow rate oscillates.
Numerical prediction of single-phase flow mixing characteristics in a 1/12th of the cross segment of a 54-rod bundle
Authors: Verma S. K.
Published: June 2019

Numerical simulations of selected subchannel tracer (Potassium Nitrate) based experiments have been performed to study the capabilities of state-of-the-art of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes. A Reynolds stress model (RSM) has been selected as the primary turbulence model to be applied for the simulation case as it has been previously found reasonably accurate to predict flows inside rod bundles. As a comparison, the case is also simulated using a standard k-∊ turbulence model that is widely used in industry. Flow enters into the computational domain through the mass inflow at the three subchannel faces. Simulation results have been extracted at different locations of the mixing zone and downstream zone. The local mass fraction shows uniform mixing. In present investigation using the species transport model, includes the study of diffusion of two fluids (water and KNO3) to study its interaction and how mixing is enhanced. The species model is concerned with the transport of species with in this phase, where it is experimentally found that our species are completely miscible. The effect of the applied turbulence model is nearly negligible just before the outlet plane because the distributions look like almost identical and the flow is fully developed. On the other hand, quantitatively the dimensionless mixing scalar distributions change noticeably, which is visible in the different scale of the colour bars.
Coupling simulation of neutron kinetics core model with CFD of IPWR steam line break accident
Authors: Sun L. , Peng M. , Xia G. , Wang J. , Li R.
Published: June 2019

In this paper, development of coupled codes using two-group neutron diffusion kinetics code and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver Fluent has been introduced. Way of coupling, time step control algorithm and spatial mesh overlays have been summarized in detail which are basic components and challenges of the coupling methodologies. The implement and verification of coupled code have been modeled on integral pressurized water reactor (IPWR) IP200 with hexagonal fuel assembly in the core and once-through steam generators. The steam line break core transient was analyzed in coupled code simulation of a core boundary conditions derived from system code simulation results. The results presented transient three-dimensional distribution of the key operation parameters such as reactor power and coolant temperature, also demonstrated the inherent safety features of IP200. The current work will bring about the ability to explore multi-scale and multi-dimensional safety transient evaluations and give more precise neutronics/thermal-hydraulics mapping.
The core shroud leakage analysis and study for Kuosheng nuclear power plant
Authors: Lin H.-T. , Wang J.-R. , Chen H.-C. , Yang J.-H. , Chen S.-W. , Shih C.
Published: June 2019

Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) is a BWR/6 plant in Taiwan. First, this study focuses on the establishment of the TRACE/SNAP model for Kuosheng. To check the system response of the Kuosheng TRACE/SNAP model, the Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR) and startup tests data are used to assess the TRACE/SNAP model. The TRACE predictions are consistent with the FSAR and startup tests data. This indicates that there is a respectable accuracy in the TRACE/SNAP model of Kuosheng NPP. Second, this study also focuses on the application of the TRACE/SNAP model in the core shroud leakage. The Kuosheng NPP TRACE/SNAP model is used to perform the analysis of core shroud leakage. The TRACE results imply that Kuosheng NPP is in a safe situation when the core shroud leakage transient occurs.
Control rod material effect on safety parameters of research reactors
Authors: Hassan M. , Louis H. K.
Published: June 2019

Control rods provide adjustable manipulation of reactivity and prevent fission reaction from accelerating beyond control. In this paper, the Monte Carlo Code, MCNP6 was used to study the effect of using various control rod materials on the main safety parameters of a typical plate type material test research reactor. Three types of control rod materials were considered, Ag-In-Cd, B4C, and Hafnium. Parameters investigated are reactivity worth, excess reactivity and shutdown margin of absorber materials. The model was used to evaluate the effect of various materials on the flux and power shaping of the core. The resulting multiplication factor for this study was compared with previous work and found acceptable. It was found that boron carbide has the largest effect on safety parameters, as well as flux and power distribution.
ATIVIDADES PSICOMOTORAS DESENVOLVIDAS NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Secretti Gabriela Bauhmart , Petermann Xavéle Braatz , Marques Rosana Niederauer
Published: June 2019

O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar se as atividades psicomotoras desenvolvidas nos anos iniciais (1º ao 5º ano) do ensino fundamental promovem o reforço da aprendizagem escolar. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de estudos publicados nas bases de dados Scielo, Google Scholar e Redalyc no período de 2013 a 2018. Os termos utilizados para a busca dos artigos foram: “desempenho psicomotor” e “aprendizagem”. Encontrou-se 367 artigos nas bases de dados, após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade que foram as publicações no período de 2013 a 2018, tendo sido selecionados para a revisão, 15 estudos publicados. Para o processo de síntese, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo, com categorização, descrição e interpretação das temáticas propostas encontradas, tendo sido as mesmas agrupadas em dois eixos norteadores: “relação entre aprendizagem e desempenho psicomotor em escolares dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental” e “percepção de professores sobre a relação entre desempenho psicomotor e aprendizagem”. Os achados desta revisão apontam para a relação que existe entre desempenho psicomotor e aprendizagem nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, bem como a necessidade da discussão sobre o tema com os professores. Sugere-se a atuação conjunta da Fisioterapia e a Educação, através da estimulação psicomotora, área pertinente à Fisioterapia, que atualmente atua de forma direta em escolas, de acordo com o Projeto Político Pedagógico para o Curso de Fisioterapia, da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/RS, na Disciplina de Fisioterapia na Saúde da Criança, com o objetivo de otimizar o controle corporal e motricidade fina, fator esse demonstrado amplamente pela Neurociência moderna, que impacta de maneira positiva na atenção focada da criança, porque não tendo que controlar o próprio corpo, mantém redes neurais voltadas à cognição, o que consequentemente, promoveriam benefícios no aprendizado dos escolares.
OBJETO DE APRENDIZAGEM DE BIOLOGIA CELULAR E TECIDUAL – PERCEPÇÕES DE ALUNOS DO ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Scartezzini Bárbara , Welp Artur Henrique , Gewehr Diógenes , Zagonel Franciele Dietrich , Strohschoen Andreia Aparecida Guimarães
Published: June 2019

Considerando que os Objetos virtuais de aprendizagem (OVA) podem propiciar a construção do percurso cognitivo do aluno e que estudos na área ainda são incipientes, o intuito deste estudo foi testar um OVA desenvolvido para a aprendizagem de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, além de analisar as percepções dos estudantes de graduação, de cursos relacionados a área da saúde, quanto ao uso do objeto construído e suas implicações no processo de aprendizagem destes. Trata de um relato de pesquisa qualitativa de cunho descritivo. Foi criado um OVA utilizando imagens de biologia celular e tecidual que buscasse a interatividade com os alunos. O OVA foi testado e analisado pelos alunos de graduação de cursos da área da saúde. Os alunos responderam questões sobre o OVA e este teve uma boa aceitação por parte dos graduandos. Observou-se que o OVA é uma ferramenta adequada para uso em nível de graduação e que pode ser considerado como uma estratégia potente para a aprendizagem dos estudantes.
O PAPEL DO ESCRITÓRIO DE PRÁTICAS JURÍDICAS NA APLICAÇÃO DA ARBITRAGEM EM CONTRATOS FORMAIS DE EMPRESAS COOPERATIVAS
Authors: Freus Elizabete , Stieven Patricia Luzia
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho é resultado do projeto de ação social intitulado Núcleo de Atendimento Jurídico em Arbitragem, Negociação, Conciliação e Mediação, realizado pelo Escritório de Práticas Jurídicas (EPJ), da URI/FW, sendo um de seus objetivos analisar o papel do EPJ na aplicação da arbitragem em contratos formais de empresas cooperativas. Assim, estudaram-se as vantagens proporcionadas pelas cláusulas compromissórias na aplicação da arbitragem como meio adequado de resolução de conflitos, a fim de tratar o problema sem que seja judicializado. Como metodologia de trabalho estudou-se sobre a arbitragem e sua possível aplicação por empresas cooperativas, sendo, após, isso, enviado um informativo para algumas cooperativas, a fim de desenvolver o projeto nesse aspecto. A partir do informativo, houve a adesão da Cooperativa Tritícola de Frederico Westphalen (Cotrifred), momento em que o Núcleo elaborou um regimento interno para realização de eventuais arbitragens, de forma gratuita, que lhes forem submetidas pela cooperativa. A Cotrifred passou a incluir cláusulas compromissórias ou compromissos arbitrais em seus contratos, a fim de que em havendo um desacordo, entre a cooperativa/cooperados ou cooperativa/tomadores de serviço, o mesmo possa ser resolvido de forma rápida, sigilosa, informal, técnica, amigável, e sem custos. Conclui-se, assim, que o papel do EPJ na aplicação da arbitragem pelas cooperativas, é muito importante, pois mantém a coesão entre seus membros, harmonizando os objetivos comuns com as intenções pessoais de cada cooperado, na resolução de seus conflitos, consolidando a paz social através da divulgação, entre a comunidade local, dos meios alternativos de resolução de conflitos.
FISIOTERAPIA EM GRUPO NA REABILITAÇÃO DE INDIVÍDUOS PÓS ACIDENTE VASCULAR ENCEFÁLICO (AVE)
Authors: Rodrigues Gabriela Conterno , Mazzola Daiane
Published: June 2019

Introdução: A Fisioterapia é considerada protagonista na reabilitação de indivíduos pós AVE, prevenindo a progressão de sequelas e reduzindo as limitações funcionais. Por estes pacientes necessitarem de reabilitação por períodos prolongados, uma opção terapêutica que vem se mostrando eficiente é o atendimento fisioterapêutico em grupo, pois além de minimizar os déficits na assistência à saúde, contemplando um número maior de pacientes e, consequentemente, diminuindo filas de espera nos serviços de reabilitação pública, o mesmo potencializa as capacidades dos indivíduos, autonomia, além do incentivo à prática coletiva, melhorando aspectos psicossociais. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do tratamento fisioterapêutico em grupo sob funcionalidade, condicionamento cardiorrespiratório, velocidade de marcha, equilíbrio e qualidade de vida de indivíduos pós AVE. Metodologia: Foram realizados 38 atendimentos em grupo, com avaliações pré e pós tratamento através da Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF), do Teste de Caminhada de 6 Minutos (TC6M), do Timed Up and Go (TUG) e da Escala de Qualidade de Vida Específica para AVE (EQVE-AVE). Resultados: Seis indivíduos participaram do estudo, 4 homens e 2 mulheres, com idade média 55±21,04 anos. Na MIF, a média inicial do grupo foi de 120,67±3,44 para um escore médio de 123,83±2,31 pontos, no TC6M a média inicial foi de 335,97±48,73 evoluindo para 413,63±63,63 metros, a média de tempo do grupo no TUG pré-tratamento foi de 13,87±1,88 passando para 11,44±2,70 segundos, e no EQVE-AVE a média inicial do grupo foi de 193,50±22,82 para média de 213±25,58 pontos. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a Fisioterapia realizada em grupo consegue beneficiar positivamente os aspectos estudados.
Enhancement of the Dose on 12 MV Linac with Free Flattening Filter Mode
Authors: Zeghari A , Saaidi R , Cherkaoui El Moursli R
Published: June 2019

Purpose: In the last years, some studies investigated dosimetric benefits of a free flattening filter for the photon mode in the radiotherapy field. This study aims to provide a theoretical study published and analysis of basic dosimetric properties for a Saturne 43 Linac head to implement free flattening filter beams clinically.Material and Methods: This is the first Monte Carlo study for the head of Saturne 43 with replacement flattening filter mode investigating beam dosimetric characteristics, including central axis absorbed doses, beam profiles and photon energy spectra. The later ones were analyzed for flattening filter and replacement flattening filter beams using BEAMnrc and DOSXYZnrc Monte Carlo codes for 10 × 10 cm2, 5 × 5 cm2 and 2 × 2 cm2 square field sizes.Results: A 3.94-fold increase of dose rate and electron contaminating increased by 246.4 % with the replacement flattening filter mode for field size of 10 × 10 cm2. Reduction was made by replacement flattening filter beam in the peripheral dose up to 30%, and the time was reduced more than 50 %.Conclusion: Results obtained from our study revealed that some characteristic dosimetries such as the maximum increase in depth dose rate, decrease in out-of-depth dose, and reducing time can be beneficial for the unflattened beam to be used in the radiotherapy for the advanced techniques.
technique for interrater reliability evaluation of a mobile game aimed for executive functions stimulation
Authors: Cerqueira Bernardo , Nice Ferrari Barbosa Debora , Mossmann João , Barbosa Jorge
Published: June 2019

This work presents an interrater reliability evaluation of a mobile game aimed for the executive function’s stimulation, specifically the inhibitory control. The educational Exergame “The Incredible Adventures of Apollo & Rosetta in the Space” was presented in a previous piece of work, which showed the development of the game and its application in a researching intervention with children, in the 6 to 10 age-group, in a school environment. Subsequently, the game had its code reworked for being able to be used across different platforms, hence culminating in the present work. The methodology in this paper consists in a mixed qualitative-quantitative evaluation through questionnaires with four domain professionals experienced in the executive functions field. The statistical measurement used was based on the Kappa coefficient and average percentage among the judges. As the results indicate, there was a substantial agreement (k=0,659; P-value=0,000) between the raters, as well as a high percentage of agreement in general on the mobile game’s capability of Executive Functions stimulation for children.
School of Chicago And Its Approaches to The People and Communities of The Northwest Semiard
Authors: Da Silva Estevam Anilton , Malta de Azevedo Sérgio Luiz
Published: June 2019

This article deals with the contributions that the principles of the Chicago School, proposed for the urban centers, can bring in the analysis of the problems existing in the rural space. For the theoretical basis, the discussion of these concepts was carried out; of traditional peoples and communities, of the communities that exist in the northeastern semi-arid region, such as the Caiçara I Population. It discusses the process of urbanization of rural areas and their consequences; on the fragility of existing studies, especially on critical rural sociology and its role in the elaboration of concepts specific to the rural area. It is observed the elements that approach rural areas in the process of urbanization the emergence of segregated communities and if rural communities can be the new "ghettos" of urban centers. The identification and discussion of the principles of the Chicago School in the rural community under study is carried out. The methodological proposal used is the bibliographical research, performed through the systemic review of literature that dialogues with the use of methods of critical ethnography. It concludes with the suggestion of a model for the development of the public policy agenda aimed at identifying and meeting the real needs of these communities.
Comparative Study of women empowerment awareness level of Adolescent Girls in rural and urban H.S. Schools of Assam
Authors: DUTTA SIKHA
Published: June 2019

The present study is undertake to find out the secondary level urban and rural adolescent girls awareness level on women empowerment. The sample of the study consist of 195 nos of both urban and rural area higher secondary (10+2) level adolescent girl student of kamrup district of Assam. the main objective of the study is to compare the awareness level of the urban and rural located adolescent girl students. The findings of the study reveals that rural adolescent girls are less empowered than urban adolescent girls and there is a significant difference between rural and urban adolescent girls' awareness level.
Marine reptiles and climates of the Jurassic and Cretaceous of Siberia
Authors: Rogov M. A. , Zverkov N. G. , Zakharov V. A. , Arkhangelsky M. S.
Published: June 2019

All available data on the Jurassic and Cretaceous climates of Siberia, based on isotope, palaeontological and lithological markers are summarized. Late Pliensbachian cooling, early Toarcian warming, followed by late Toarcian to Middle Jurassic cooling and long-term Late Jurassic warming are well-recognized. Gradual cooling started since the late Ryazanian and continued during the whole Early Cretaceous except the short early Aptian warming event. At the beginning of the Late Cretaceous climate became warmer with warming peak at the Cenomanian–Turonian transition. During the middle and late Turonian climate became colder. During the Coniacian–Campanian time interval climate became warmer, but at the end of the Campanian new cooling event occurred. New records of marine reptiles from the Toarcian, Kimmeridgian, Volgian and Santonian–Campanian of the north of Eastern Siberia are described. All data concerning marine reptile occurrences in the Jurassic and Cretaceous of Siberia are reviewed; these records (from 51 localities) are mostly located at high palaeolatitudes. The analysis has revealed that most of the localities containing fossil reptile remains were llocated in the Transpolar palaeolatitudes (70°–87°). There are no direct relationship between climate oscillations and distribution of these animals. Taking into account recent data arguing that nearly all groups of the Jurassic and Cretaceous big marine reptiles were able to maintain constant body temperature and also were capable make long-range seasonal migrations, any conclusions concerning usage of these animals as markers of warm climate should be treated with a caution.
Late Ladinian to early Carnian radiolarians from the section of Pravyi Vodopadnyi creek, Omolon Massif, North-Eastern Russia
Authors: Bragin N. Yu. , Biakov A. S. , Filimonova T. V.
Published: June 2019

The late Ladinian to early Carnian radiolarian assemblage is found for the first time in the Pravyi Vodopadnyi Creek Section, Omolon Massif, North-Eastern Russia. The assemblage consists of early Carnian radiolarian species that were previously described from sections of Kotel’nyi Island (New Siberian Islands): Glomeropyle aculeatum, G. cuneum and Pseudoeucyrtis annosus, and of species known from the late Ladinian of Dzugadzak Section (Omolon Massif): Glomeropyle algidum and Pseudostylosphaera omolonica. The taxonomic composition (dominance of genus Glomeropyle) indicates high-latitude, boreal nature of assemblage. The taxonomic affinity of coeval radiolarian assemblages of late Ladinian and early Carnian of Omolon Massif and New Siberian Islands gives opportunity for favorable estimation of radiolarian correlation of boreal Triassic.
The lower and middle Turonian (upper cretaceous) stratigraphy of the Yenisei Western Siberia (left side) region by foraminifers and inoceramids
Authors: Marinov V. A. , Agalakov S. E. , Kosenko I. N. , Urman O. S. , Potapova E. A. , Rosbaeva G. L.
Published: June 2019

The article presents the results of the litho-biostratigraphic study of the lower part of the Upper Cretaceous sea deposits on the territory of the Bolshaja Kheta structural terrace on the left side of the Yenisei river in its lower reaches (the tops of the Dolgan suite, Dorozhkovo suite and the bottoms of the Nason suite; Turonian stage). Eleven lithological members surely extended on the Bolshaja Kheta structural terrace are selected. Each member has received the paleontological characteristic. The layers with fauna (inoceramids and foraminifers) are identified and compared with the zonal subdivisions of the Turonian in Western Siberia. It is established that the upper part of the Dolgan suite belongs to the Lower Turonian substages, the Mytiloides labiatus zone. Dorozhkovo suite in the studied area close to its stratotype area corresponds to the Lower and Middle Turonian.
Oligocene key section of South part of Eastern European Platform (North Ergeny)
Authors: Zastrozhnov A. S. , Popov S. V. , Benyamovsky V. N. , Musatov V. A. , Akhmetiev M. A. , Zaporozhets N. I. , Bogachkin A. B. , Stolyarov A. S.
Published: June 2019

The section of well 768, depth 362 m, which opened the Eocene and Maikopian deposits is comprehensively studied and can serve as a reference one for both the Northern Ergeny and the entire northern part of Paratethys. The data on lithology, mollusks, and benthic foraminifera made it possible to break up the Oligocene part of the Maikop Group into formations and subformations: Tsimlyansk, Solenovian and Kalmyk parts, compare them with neighboring and distant parts of Parathethys, with a regostage scale, restore basic sedimentation conditions. Based on nannoplankton and dinocyst composition, these units were compared with the global zonal scale (Gradstein et al., 2012), and according to the spore-pollen data, the evolution of the climate of the Parathethys northern margin was restored. The phytoplankton, foraminiferal and paleomagnetic data show a strong reduction of the section in the Eocene part, where only negatively magnetized fragments of the Keresta, Kuma and Belaya Glina formations separated by unconformity surfaces were distinguished. In the lower Oligocene part we saw the full set of biotic and paleomagnetic zones. The lower part of the Solenovian formation (50 m) is rarely complete, unlike most of the Ciscaucasian sections. The Kalmyk formation in this section is probably incomplete and responds only to the first half of the Chattian.
Landscape and climat changes in Eastern Europe in the early Pleistocene
Authors: Pisareva V. V. , Faustova M. A. , Zyuganova I. S. , Karpukhina N. V. , Zakharov A. L. , Konstantinov E. A. , Semenov V. V. , Kurbanov R. N.
Published: June 2019

The systematization of the original and published data on the geology and paleogeography of the Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene of Eastern Europe was carried out due to the lowering of the Quaternary lower boundary to the level of 2.6 million years ago and the inclusion of the Gelasian stage in Quaternary system. It was revealed that at the bound of the Gauss-Matuyama paleomagnetic epochs, the profound landscape and climate changes took place. The rhythmic fluctuations of the climate intensified against the background of the general trend towards cooling and aridization. Subarctic landscapes appeared during the period from 2.6 to 1.8 Ma, which corresponds to the Gelasian stage (the Praetiglian and Tiglian stages of Western Europe or the Paleopleistocene of Eastern Europe). In the Eopleistocene (1.8–0.78 Ma) and Early Neopleistocene (0.78–0.42 Ma), the climate became colder while the structure of natural zonality repeatedly underwent a complex restructuring and gradually approached to the modern one. The presence of glacial deposits was noted in Eastern Europe already in the Paleopleistocene. The traces of at least three independent glaciations were revealed in the Eopleistocene, and four glaciations were suggested for the Early Neopleistocene. Based on the data from stratotype sections, paragenetic relations between heterochronous sediments in glacial and periglacial areas were established and Early Pleistocene paleogeographic events in Eastern and Western Europe were correlated.
Disturbed Earth: Conceptions of the Deep Underground in Shale Extraction Deliberations in the US and UK
Authors: Partridge Tristan , Thomas Merryn , Pidgeon Nick , Harthorn Barbara Herr
Published: June 2019

Hydraulic fracturing (‘fracking') has enabled the recovery of previously inaccessible resources and rendered new areas of the underground ‘productive’. While a number of studies in the US and UK have examined public attitudes toward fracking and its various impacts, how people conceptualise the deep underground itself has received less attention. We argue that views on resources, risk and the deep underground raise important questions about how people perceive the desirability and viability of subterranean interventions. We conducted day-long deliberation workshops (two in each country), facilitating discussions among diverse groups of people on prospective shale extraction in the US and UK. Themes that emerged in these conversations include seeing the Earth as a foundation; natural limits (a greater burden than the subsurface can withstand versus simply overuse of natural resources); and ideas about the fragility, instability and opacity of the deep underground. We find that concerns in both countries were not limited to specific, localised impacts but also addressed ecosystem links between surface and subsurface environments and broader questions about the use, identification and value of natural resources.
What Counts as Success? Wider Implications of Achieving Planning Permission in a Low-Impact Ecovillage
Authors: Shirani Fiona , Groves Christopher , Henwood Karen , Pidgeon Nick , Roberts Rin
Published: June 2019

The need for energy system change in order to address the energy ‘trilemma’ of security, affordability and sustainability is well documented and requires the active involvement of individuals, families and communities who currently engage with these systems and technologies. Alongside technical developments designed to address these challenges, alternative ways of living are increasingly being envisaged by those involved in low-impact development. This article draws on data from a qualitative longitudinal study involving residents of a low-impact ecovillage in West Wales, UK, in order to consider how the successful meeting of their planning targets has not been without personal and social troubles, which are absent from official measures of the project's success. We argue that, in exploring issues pertaining to scaling up, policy timescales and the legacy of such projects (such as inspiring others), insights drawn from this study have a wider relevance beyond the specific case site.
How Knowledge of the Golden Jackal (Canis aureus) is Formed: Report from the Danube Delta
Authors: Tănăsescu Mihnea , Constantinescu ştefan
Published: June 2019

This paper analyses the ways in which human knowledge of the golden jackal ( Canis aureus) is formed in the case of a rural community of the Romanian Danube Delta. We focus on the territory where humans and jackals overlap and, by using wildlife monitoring alongside interviews and participant observation with humans, we detail how villagers come to have a particularly negative view of this resident canid. Foregrounding the jackal's highly symbolic nature, we trace the development of the community's knowledge of this animal via historical, ecological and geographical factors. Finally, we recommend ways in which our findings could be used in future management plans and draw out the implications for future rewilding practices.
Pathways from Environmental Ethics to Pro-Environmental Behaviours? Insights from Psychology
Authors: Batavia Chelsea , Bruskotter Jeremy T. , Nelson Michael Paul
Published: June 2019

Though largely a theoretical endeavour, environmental ethics also has a practical agenda to help humans achieve environmental sustainability. Environmental ethicists have extensively debated the grounds, contents and implications of our moral obligations to nonhuman nature, offering up different notions of an ‘environmental ethic’ with the presumption that, if humans adopt such an environmental ethic, they will then engage in less environmentally damaging behaviours. We assess this presumption, drawing on psychological research to discuss whether or under what conditions an environmental ethic might engender pro-environmental behaviour. We focus discussion on three lines of scholarship in the environmental ethics literature, on 1) intrinsic value, 2) care ethics, and 3) the land ethic. We conclude by commenting generally on both the limits and transformative potential of an environmental ethic in its larger sociocultural context.
Mapping Moral Pluralism in Behavioural Spillovers: A Cross-Disciplinary Account of the Multiple Ways in Which We Engage in Moral Valuing
Authors: Vincent Michael , Koessler Ann-Kathrin
Published: June 2019

In this article, we reflect critically on how moral actions are categorised in some recent studies on moral spillovers. Based on classic concepts from moral philosophy, we present a framework to categorise moral actions. We argue that with a finer classification of moral values, associated behaviour is better understood, and this understanding helps to identify the conditions under which moral licensing takes place. We illustrate our argument with examples from the literature on pro-environmental behaviours. Moral spillovers are frequently studied in this behavioural domain and to understand what causes their occurrence is highly (policy) relevant if we wish to promote sustainable behaviour.
To Assist or Not to Assist? Assessing the Potential Moral Costs of Humanitarian Intervention in Nature
Authors: Johannsen Kyle
Published: June 2019

In light of the extent of wild animal suffering, some philosophers have adopted the view that we should cautiously assist wild animals on a large scale. Recently, their view has come under criticism. According to one objection, even cautious intervention is unjustified because fallibility is allegedly intractable. By contrast, a second objection states that we should abandon caution and intentionally destroy habitat in order to prevent wild animals from reproducing. In my paper, I argue that intentional habitat destruction is wrong because negative duties are more stringent than positive duties. However, I also argue that the possible benefits of ecological damage, combined with the excusability of unintended, unforeseeable harm, suggest that fallibility should not paralyse us.
London's Soap Industry and the Development of Global Ghost Acres in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Clifford Jim
Published: June 2019

John Knight and Sons soap company, like other successful soap manufacturers in Greater London, grew during the nineteenth century by combining technological innovation and marketing to sell increasing quantities of a product the British public increasingly saw as a symbol of their advanced civilisation. They did not struggle with the ecological limits of their regional hinterlands to provide the raw materials, as they relied on growing quantities of tallow, rosin and other commodities supplied from overseas ghost acres. John Knight and Sons linked consumers to environmental transformations and large-scale colonial dispossession in Europe, the Americas and Australasia. Millions of sheep and cattle were raised on the abundant grasslands found on the Eurasian steppe, the Pampas, the Great Plains and in Australasia, many of which were killed and processed only for their tallow, skins or hides. Economic and environmental factors created significant instability in the global tallow supply, but the end result was greater quantities of cheaper tallow shipped to market in London. These global ghost acres made the nineteenth century success of John Knight and Sons and other major soap producers in Greater London possible.