bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problematika Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Lestari Heldia Oldia , Pratama Dinar
Published: April 2022

Pandemi covid-19 yang berdampak pada bidang pendidikan telah merubah proses pembelajaran dari tatap muka ke pembelajaran daring. Terdapat beberapa hal penting untuk dicermati dalam pembelajaran daring yaitu: pertama, untuk memahami bagaimana orang tua siswa di Kecamatan Namang menyikapi pembelajaran daring, kedua, mengetahui pendapat siswa mengenai pembelajaran daring, ketiga, memahami keterbatasan pengetahuan dan fasilitas internet sebagai kendala dalam pembelajaran daring. Penelitian Ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan  pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Orang tua yang memiliki anak usia SD, SMP, dan SMA, di Kecamatan Namang setuju dengan kebijakan pembelajaran daring (2) Siswa SD, SMP, dan SMA di Kecamatan Namang menganggap kurang efektif pembelajaran daring. (3) Keterbatasan pengetahuan dan fasilitas internet menjadi kendala utama dalam pembelajaran daring. Penelitian lanjutan dapat dilakukan untuk memahami kendala dan tingkat pengetahuan orang tua dan siswa dalam menggali informasi dari informan.
A magyar középvárosok társadalmi kihívásai : Eger egy „élhető” középváros
Authors: Schuchmann Júlia
Published: April 2022

A középvárosok a településhálózat fontos tagjai, hozzájárulnak a kiegyenlített területi társadalmi fejlődéshez, a nagyvárosoknál sok esetben élhetőbb környezetet biztosítanak lakóiknak. Mégis azt tapasztaljuk, hogy a közepes méretű városok Európában és Magyarországon is számos negatív kihívással kell, hogy szembenézzenek. Ilyenek: a gyors népességvesztés, a helyi lakosság elöregedése, a fiatal képzettebb lakosság elvándorlása elsősorban a nagyvárosi térségek irányába.. Magyarországon a közepes méretű városok, bár rendkívül eltérő földrajzi helyzettel, társadalmi gazdasági múlttal, adottságokkal bírnak, kedvezőtlen demográfiai és társadalmi folyamatok jellemzik őket. Jelen tanulmány egy empirikus kutatás eredményeként a sajátos történelmi múltú kelet-magyarországi középváros, Eger példáján mutatja be a hazai középvárosok demográfiai-társadalmi kihívásait.
Generációk a segélyezés csapdájában : Az ózdi járásban végzett kérdőíves felmérések eredményei
Authors: Árvai Andrea , Bogárdi Tünde
Published: April 2022

Ózdon és térségében a rendszerváltozás óta a mai napig nem megoldott kérdés a munkahelyek megszűnése, a tartós munkanélküliség, valamint az ezzel összefüggő problémák kezelése. Az alacsony iskolai végzettséggel rendelkező aktív korúak munkaerő-piaci lehetőségei igencsak korlátozottak, a segélyezettek aránya jelentősen meghaladja az országos átlagot. Tanulmányunk célja annak vizsgálata, hogy 1) milyen a segélyben részesülők élethelyzete (családi háttér, anyagi helyzet) és jövőképe; valamint 2) az ellátórendszer ügyintézői hogyan látják a segélyezettek helyzetét és a segélyezési rendszert. Ennek vizsgálatára 2021-ben kérdőív segítségével megkérdeztünk egyrészt több mint 100, az ózdi térségben élő, aktív korúak ellátásában részesülőt; másrészt pedig az Ózdi Járási Hivatal Hatósági Osztályán dolgozó szociális ügyintézőket.
Dynamic Load Balancing for Congestion Avoidance using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System in Mobile Communication Network
Authors: Collins Prince David , Chukwuchekwa Nkwachukwu , Longinus Sunday Ezema
Published: April 2022

Network congestion is one of the key challenges to mobile communication services. This is because of rapid and constant growth in the mobile subscriber base that has led to an increase in network traffic. The more the network traffic the more economic opportunity from the business perspective for the operators and the challenges it poses on the network. If not followed by network capacity expansion it will defiantly pose a serious network issue like network congestion that leads to call drop and poor Quality of Service (QoS). Many research works adopted handover mechanism as a means of reducing congestion in a network. However, the decision on when to initiate a handover, which cell to receive the Mobile Station (MS) and how to ensure that the QoS requirements are maintained are the paramount research questions that must be resolved. Therefore, a handover process using soft computing in the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to ensure balanced traffic load distribution in-network and reduce the probability of congestion is proposed. The study allows simultaneous evaluation of three major network parameters Received Signal Strength (RSS), Received Signal Quality (RxQual) and network traffic using ANFIS to improve system performance. The results show that when the Hysteresis value approaches 6 the handover processes are triggered. The hysteresis value of the concerned MS with neighbouring cells is considered to determine the most suitable cell to handover. This work will be able to achieve dynamic load balancing, congestion avoidance and avoided the ‘ping pong’ effect that is often an issue with handover with less computation. At the end customer satisfaction will be achieve Quality of experience (QoE).
Evaluation of English Textbook Taught as an Intensive English Course at King Khalid University from Communicative Competence Perspective
Authors: Abdala Ayman Hamad Elneil Hamdan
Published: April 2022

The study investigates the communicative proficiency skills and content's suitability in Unlock textbook. The study adopts a descriptive analytic method, student questionnaire, and teacher interview as an instrument of data collection. The findings of the study have revealed that Unlock textbook is a well-designed textbook activating the basic interpersonal communicative skills and cognitive proficiency aspect in terms of academic English language, applying critical thinking skills, and providing students with suitable communicative proficiency and academic skills. Nonetheless, it consumes lots of time in using video exercises as warming ups and it is based on problem solving approach which contrasts students' learning process' familiarity approach which is based on rote learning. The study recommends that Video exercises in Unlock should be reduced to one exercise, critical thinking should be integrated with the skills as reflection, and Unlock one should be composed of phonological awareness lessons to provide students with reading remedial classes.
Evaluation of Teaching English Grammar Methods from Focus on Form Instruction Perspective on Unlock Textbook
Authors: Abdala Ayman Hamad Elneil Hamdan
Published: April 2022

The study investigates the evaluation of teaching English grammar methods implemented in the teaching grammar section in Unlock textbook and investigates how frequently different types of focus on the form used in teaching grammar in an intensive English course at King Khalid University can enable students to develop linguistic accuracy. Observation is conducted as an instrument of data collection. The findings of the study have revealed that teaching English grammar in Unlock textbook using an inductive approach is pedagogically effective and applying the reactive type of focus on form raises attention to linguistic forms and maximizes accuracy in writing. The study recommends that English teachers should teach grammar using an inductive approach and learner centeredness and English teachers should give students excessive practice on focus on form with meaning.
Perspective on the Relationship between Banking Education and English Achievement. A Case of Fresh EFL Students at King Khalid University
Authors: Elnadeef Elsadig Ali Elsadig
Published: April 2022

This study investigates the impact of banking education centeredness on fresh students’ English language performance at King Khalid University. Banking education is evolved by Paul Ferriere proposing narration of the teacher subject (active participant) whereas the student is the passive object and teacher.  It aims at highlighting the impact of banking education and English teacher centeredness on students’ achievement in productive and critical skills. The study is based on action research entailing fresh 50 male fresh students studying an English intensive course at King Khalid University, College of Sciences and Arts –Dharan Aljanoub as participants selected randomly.  A test is composed of writing, speaking and critical thinking tests –a retest was administered and descriptive analysis was done. The findings of the study have revealed that the implementation of banking education and teacher-centeredness impact students' studying intensive English course achievement negatively. The study concludes that banking education and teacher-centeredness should be eradicated in the educational system at KKU. Instead, interactive teaching and student-centeredness should be adopted in English classes Instead student-centeredness approach and interactive teaching and learning should be implemented.
PARASITIC DISEASES IN KYRGYZSTAN
Authors:   Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, Mambet kyzy Gulina , Raimkulov K.M. ,   Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, Usubalieva J.M. ,   Department of Disease Prevention and State Sanitary and Epidemiological, Toigombaeva V.S. ,   I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
Published: April 2022

The article presents data on parasitic infections prevalence among the population of the Kyrgyz Republic (KR) population. There are about 20 species of parasitic diseases in the country. Helminthiases have been increasing in recent years, inscidence range from 790 to 1000 per 100 thousand population, however, taking parasitic infections prevalence in account the correction factor, the true number of them can range from 350 to 500 thousand. The population according to the sanitary epidemiological surveillance (SES) varies from 36% to 72.8%. Children hold 80% of identified infected people.
CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HUMAN TOXOCARIASIS IN THE ASTRAKHAN REGION
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, Nikeshina T.V. , Arakelyan R.S. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Okunskaya E.I. ,   Children’s city polyclinic №3, Shendo G.L. ,   Center of hygiene and epidemiology in the Astrakhan region, Ishmuhambetova L.H. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University
Published: April 2022

In this work the authors analyzed clinical and epidemiological situation of toxocariasis in man in the Astrakhan region from 2012 to 2019. So, toxocariasis we have analyzed 48 epidemiological records of persons infested Toxocara. The highest number of cases in humans was in 2013 and 2017, accounting for 20.8% and 25.0%. The diagnosis of “toxocariasis” was confirmed by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) using test systems for the detection of antibodies to antigens Toxocara class G. In most of the infected individuals, toxocarosis occurred in the form of various clinical manifestations and symptoms-60.4%: in most cases, patients complained of abdominal pain-37.9%, including pain in the epigastric region-27.6% and pain in the right hypochondrium-10.3%, general weakness-34.5% and cough-31.0%. Also, a small number of infected individuals had complaints of pain in the joints of the upper extremities-10.3%, frequent fatigue-13.8%, allergic rhinitis, nausea and a slight increase in temperature-3.4%, lack of appetite-6.9%. In rare cases, patients complained of bloating, hives, feeling suffocated at night, slight weight loss, and nail dissection – 3.4% each. Key words: toxocariasis, Astrakhan region, epidemiology
Varamiento de Cetáceos en la costa sur del Perú (2016-2021)
Authors: Pizarro-Neyra José , Mamani-Fernández Julio , K. Vizcarra Jhonson
Published: April 2022

Se presenta evidencia de diecisiete varamientos de cetáceos producidos en las siguientes localidades: Mejía (Arequipa), Punta Coles (Moquegua), asi como Ite, Llostay y Los Palos (Tacna). Los varamientos se registraron en el periodo 2016-2021. Las especies identificadas fueron: Balaenoptera musculus, Megaptera novaeanglieae, Tursiops truncatus, Delphinus delphis, Phocoena spinipinnis, y Lagenorhynchus obscurus. En el caso de Mysiticeti se estimó la masa de animales frescos varados, así como la causa aparente de varamiento por interacción con las pesquerías. Los Palos fue la única localidad con varamientos de Mysticeti, mientras que la especie con mayor número de varamiento fue Phocoena spinipinnis, la cual se reporta para las localidades de Mejía (Arequipa), Ite y Los Palos (Tacna).
Bioacumulación de metales pesados en Concholepas concholepas, Fissurella latimarginata y Thais chocolata en dos bancos naturales de Ite, Perú
Authors: Condori Diaz Lizeth , Chaparro Aguilar Edgar , Tirado Rebaza Leo Ulises Michaell
Published: April 2022

La zona marino costero del distrito de Ite, ubicado en Tacna, Perú, presenta los efectos del pasivo minero por la presencia de metales pesados. La presente investigación diagnosticó y comparó las concentraciones promedio de cadmio (Cd), mercurio (Hg), plomo (Pb) arsénico (As) y zinc (Zn) en Concholepas concholepas, Fissurella latimarginata y Thais chocolata, moluscos recolectados de los bancos naturales Punta Meca y Santa Rosa de diferentes grupos etarios. Las muestras fueron recolectadas en tres transectos lineales de 1000 m por área de estudio. Para la determinación de la concentración de metales pesados se empleó se empleó la metodología ICP (EPA Method 200.7.1994), que consiste en secar las muestras biológicas de los individuos a 105 °C, triturarlas y homogeneizarlas con la ayuda de un mortero, previo a la prueba de absorción atómica. La especie T. chocolata superó los límites máximos permisibles de Cd y As, con 1,02 y 21,14 mg/kg respectivamente, establecidos por el Ministerio de Salud de Chile y por la Unión Europea. Los demás moluscos analizados no superaron los límites máximos para la concentración de Hg, Zn y Pb.
La gestión del conocimiento como proceso fundamental para el mejoramiento empresarial y académico
Authors: Gallego Duque Nicolás Augusto , Rave-Gómez Elkin Dario
Published: April 2022

La Gestión del Conocimiento (GC) se ha convertido en los últimos años en una herramienta esencial que bien ejecutada y administrada en las organizaciones empresariales y académicas les genera dividendos importantes. La investigación tiene como objetivo mostrar la importancia de la GC en las empresas y en las universidades como herramienta que contribuye a la mejora en los resultados y en la solución de problemas. Se utilizó la metodología de enfoque cualitativo con diseño de revisión documental para la revisión de la literatura a partir de artículos académicos de primer nivel. La extracción de la información se realiza en función de tres criterios de búsqueda sobre tres temáticas: evolución tendencias de la GC, importancia de la GC en la empresa y la academia, los modelos de medición de la GC. Se aplica la codificación axial para agrupar categorías y temas en la información obtenida. Los hallazgos más importantes muestran como la GC ha generado cambios que trascienden desde mejoras en la economía, hasta el impacto en los continuos cambios en la sociedad y en la empresa. Una conclusión importante se resume en que la GC desde el ámbito de las universidades contribuye a la solución de las demandas sociales de manera más eficiente y en las empresas, actúa como generador de valor a través del cumplimiento de los propósitos misionales.
MELAKSANAKAN PENDAMPINGAN BERBASIS KKG BAGI GURU KELAS SD NEGERI 10 AMPENAN SEMESTER DUA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2020/2021 UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM PENYUSUNAN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Fitriah Baiq
Published: April 2022

Abstrak. Latar belakang diadakannya penelitian ini adalah rendahnya kompetensi guru sasaran di SD Negeri 10 Ampenan dalam penyusunan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) yang baik dan benar yang berdampak kurang percaya diri dalam proses pembelajaran. Solusinya diadakan pendampingan baik secara kelompok maupun individu dalam penyusunan RPP yang baik dan benar. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas pelaksanaan pendampingan berbasis KKG dalam upaya meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun RPP yang baik dan benar, yang bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme sebagai kepala sekolah dan bagi guru untuk meningkatkan proses pembelajaran di kelas. Hipotesis tindakan meningkatkan kompetensi guru-guru sasaran SD Negeri 10 Ampenan semester dua tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 dalam menyusun RPP yang baik dan benar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sebanyak dua siklus, masing-masing siklus satu kali pertemuan. Tahapan setiap siklus adalah perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Indikator keberhasilan dalam penelitian ini adalah; 1) hasil observasi kepala sekolah maupun observasi guru selama proses pendampingan telah memperoleh skor rata-rata ≥ 4,0,2). Hasil kerja guru dalam penyusunan RPP mencapai ≥ 85% dengan nilai rata-rata ≥ 80,00. Hasil penelitian pada siklus I observasi Kepala Sekolah rata-rata (3,40) dengan persentase ketercapaian (0%). Pada siklus II observasi Kepala Sekolah rata-rata (4,50), observasi guru rata-rata (4,67) dan hasil kerja individual rata-rata nilai (87,37) dengan persentase ketercapaian (100%). Indikator keberhasilan telah tercapai, penelitian di nyatakan berhasil dan dihentikan pada siklus II. Kesimpulan; pelaksanan pendampingan dapat meningkatkan kompetensi guru sasaran SD Negeri 10 Ampenan dalam menyusun RPP berdasarkan KTSP dan kurikulum 2013. Disarankan agar Kepala Sekolah lainnya melakukan penelitian sejenis dalam upaya peningkatan kompetensi guru, dan kepala guru mata pelajaran agar mampu menyusun RPP yang baik dan benar.Kata Kunci: Pendampingan - RPP
Anticipation of estrus and ovulation in Nelore heifers with low antral follicle count
Authors: Oliveira Júnior Jair Sábio de , Silva George Moreira da , Moreira Elizângela Mírian , Andrade Jéssica Souza , Nunes Vanessa Rachele Ribeiro , Morotti Fábio , Andrade Evelyn Rabelo , Seneda Marcelo Marcondes , Pfeifer Luiz Francisco Machado
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to establish the relationship between antral follicle count (AFC), the time of puberty, and ovarian response in Nelore heifers subjected to timed-AI (TAI) protocols. Prepubescent Nelore heifers (Bos indicus; n = 30) were examined by transrectal ultrasound and videos of the ovaries were recorded for later CFA (≥ 3 mm). After AFC, heifers were divided into 2 groups, low and high AFC and then further ultrasonic ovarian assessments were performed to determine the onset of puberty. Once puberty was established in all heifers, they were submitted to an FTAI protocol. There were no differences (P > 0.1) between groups on the time of puberty, ovulation rate, the proportion of heifers that expressed estrus, and on preovulatory follicle diameter. However, heifers with low AFC had a smaller ovarian area in the prepubertal period (4.36 ± 0.3 vs. 5.65 ± 0.2 cm2) and, in the FTAI, they had the moment of estrus (48 ± 0.0 vs. 58.5 ± 3.1 h) and earlier ovulation (60 ± 1.8 vs. 72.6 ± 4.7 h) compared to heifers with high AFC (P < 0.05). In addition, heifers in the low AFC group had a higher (P = 0.05) pregnancy per AI (76.9%, 10/13) than the high AFC group (29.4%, 5/17). In this study, heifers with low AFC had the moment of ovulation anticipated and greater pregnancy per AI compared to heifers with high AFC.
Drug delivery systems in oral and transdermal hormone therapies
Authors: Ferreira Davi Azevedo , Sousa Ângelo Gabriel Caminha de , Santos José Guilherme da Silva , Alves Lara Luzia do Vale , Nagashima Júnior Toshiyuki
Published: April 2022

The purpose of any drug delivery system is to deliver appropriate therapeutic amounts of drugs to the body in order to achieve and maintain the desired concentration of the administered substance. The aim of this work to analyze innovations in drug delivery systems by oral and transdermal route by the pharmaceutical industry. It is integrative review of literature, analyzing studies in some databases such as in PubMed, SciELO and LILACS, with the descriptors: drug delivery systems, pharmaceutical industry, hormones, oral and transdermal. The papers selected for the study range from 2000 to 2021, excluding duplicate studies and those that were not related to the topic. The research initially identified 5360 studies, being 5336 of those papers excluded after the application of exclusion criteria. A greater number of studies with the descriptor hormones was observed, substantially greater in the range from 2006 to 2011. There was a greater predominance of transdermals than oral in which concerns selected studies. This information reinforces, therefore, the great advantage of treatments with these types of systems, as they improve the patient's therapy bringing an adequate cure or palliative. In addition, it is also noted that a greater incentive is needed to study these systems orally, providing new insulin therapies, for example, orally, bringing more adherence, without the routine stings.
Fotobiomodulação por Laser em Baixa Intensidade no tratamento da estomatite aftosa maior – acompanhamento de dois anos
Authors: Marangoni Analúcia Ferreira , Benedito Larissa Caroliny de Brito , Soares João Víctor , Nascimento Fábio Dupart
Published: April 2022

A estomatite aftosa recorrente (EAR) é uma das patologias mais comuns na rotina odontológica, sendo manifestada por meio de úlceras necrosantes que são, na maioria dos casos, bastante dolorosas e que podem perdurar por até 14 dias, afetando a qualidade de vida do paciente. Embora incerto, estudos indicam que o seu aparecimento pode estar relacionado ao sistema imunológico, falta de vitaminas, predisposição genética, entre outros fatores. O seu tratamento consiste na diminuição da sintomatologia do paciente e do tempo da lesão na cavidade bucal, associada a medicamentos ou terapias que acelerem o processo de reparação e analgesia. A irradiação com o laser em baixa intensidade (LBI) tem sido utilizada e estudada como terapia auxiliar para a EAR. Possui, entre diversos prós, efeitos analgésicos, anti-inflamatórios e eficácia regenerativa. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a efetividade do LBI na reparação tecidual, analgesia e recorrência da lesão aftosa maior recorrente em um paciente hebiatra selecionado na Clínica Odontológica da Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes acompanhado desde 2019, no qual foi realizada a irradiação de contato com comprimento de onda infravermelho de 808nm e dose em torno de 105J/cm2 em 4 pontos intrabucais, seguida de uma aplicação extrabucal para drenagem linfática, em duas sessões com intervalo de 24 horas, com acompanhamento após 60 dias e após 2 anos. Por meio da escala visual analógica (EVA), o paciente indicava a intensidade e evolução da dor, a qual foi reduzida de 10 (dor intensa) na 1ª sessão para 1 (dor leve) na 2ª sessão e permaneceu em 0 na 3ª sessão, após 60 dias e após 2 anos. Clinicamente, a lesão demorava por volta de 14 dias para cicatrizar e com a irradiação o tempo diminuiu para 3 dias, não havendo recidiva após 2 anos. O LBI se mostrou efetivo na reparação tecidual, analgesia e recorrência da lesão da estomatite aftosa maior por dois anos, evidenciando ser um tratamento eficaz e confiável.
Percepção das parturientes sobre a importância do acompanhante no parto e pós-parto
Authors: Castro Vitor Douglas Pereira de , Fonseca Julyana Suelen Rodrigues , Durans Keyla Cristina Nogueira , Silva Daniele Souza , Silva Joelma Veras da , Pasklan Amanda Namíbia Pereira
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção das parturientes sobre a importância do acompanhante durante o trabalho de parto e pós-parto. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em uma maternidade pública da Baixada Maranhense. Os dados foram obtidos através de entrevista semiestruturada com 18 parturientes, organizados em forma de corpus textuais e analisados pelo programa IRaMuTeQ. Foram geradas árvores de similitude, interpretadas e submetidas à Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: A partir da análise, emergiram quatro categorias: A importância da escolha do acompanhante na sala de parto; O acompanhante como amenizador das experiências negativas no parto; O apoio social percebido na presença do acompanhante durante pós-parto; A visão das mulheres sobre a equipe de enfermagem como acompanhante no processo de parturição. As falas expressaram a necessidade da garantia de ter um acompanhante, tendo em vista que todas as depoentes foram impossibilitadas de terem a presença de um acompanhante de sua escolha. Conclusão: Este estudo apresentou os relatos das mulheres no puerpério sobre a importância do acompanhante no parto e pós-parto e evidencia falhas assistenciais desde o pré-parto até o pós-parto, tais achados convergem na necessidade de avanços relacionados ao acesso à informação durante o pré-natal em relação aos seus direitos, assim como melhorias por parte dos estabelecimentos de saúde para receber a acolher o acompanhante.
Hubungan Riwayat Bblr (Berat Badan Lahir Rendah) Dengan Kejadian Stunting Di Kabupaten Pandeglang
Authors: Trisiswati Maya , Mardhiyah Dian , Maulidya Sari Siti
Published: April 2022

Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan yang terjadi akibat kondisi kekurangan gizi kronis atau penyakit infeksi kronis pada bayi / anak di bawah lima tahun, ditandai dengan nilai z-scorenya kurang dari -2SD/standar deviasi (stunted) dan kurang dari –3SD (severely stunted). Berat badan saat lahir merupakan salah satu indikator dalam tumbuh kembang anak hingga masa dewasanya dan menggambarkan status gizi yang diperoleh janin selama dalam kandungan. BBLR ialah Berat Badan Lahir Rendah kurang dari 2.500 gram, tanpa memandang masa gestasi. Data prevalensi balita stunting WHO, Indonesia termasuk ke dalam negara ketiga dengan prevalensi tertinggi di regional Asia Tenggara/South-East Asia Regional (SEAR), dengan rata-rata 36,4% tahun 2005-2017. Kabupaten Pandeglang memiliki prevalensi stunting tertinggi di Provinsi Banten, 21,9% untuk BADUTA (bayi dibawah dua tahun). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik. Rancangan penelitian adalah cross sectional. Responden tidak BBLR menjadi stunting sebanyak 170 orang atau 25.6%   tidak stunting 493 orang atau 74.4%, BADUTA BBLR sebanyak 16 orang atau 35,6% mengalami stunting sedangkan 29 orang atau 64.4% tidak mengalami stunting dengan p-value 0.144 atau p-value lebih dari 0,05, OR 1,6 dengan 95% CI (0.848 – 3.019) atau CI. Hasil analisis bivariate menunjukan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan atau bermakna antara BBLR dengan keajdian stunting di 10 desa Kabupaten Pandeglang
Attitude of medical students to vaccination against COVID-19
Authors: Orlova N. V. , Il'enko L. I. , Davydov D. V. , Suleimanov M. N. , Isaev D. F. , Polyak E. A. , Filatova M. N. , Orlova S. Yu.
Published: April 2022

The World Health Organization has identiﬁed the problem of distrust of vaccines as one of the main global threats to human health. The adoption of a positive decision on vaccination is signiﬁcantly inﬂuenced by medical professionals. However, there are people among health professionals who are not committed to vaccination. An analytical review of studies conducted among students of medical educational institutions in European countries, the USA and Asian countries shows that the majority of students have a positive attitude to vaccination against COVID-19. Among the reasons for refusing vaccination, the students indicated the fear of complications and the possibility of introducing microchips. Among the sources of information about vaccines, students indicated an educational institution and social networks. The authors of the studies suggest that such concerns may be associated with insufﬁcient training of students in the ﬁeld of vaccinology. During the surveys, medical workers and students indicated their lack of awareness of vaccination prevention issues and unwillingness to discuss with opponents of vaccination. The results of the study conducted by the authors in Moscow (Russia), revealed similar results. Among the reasons for refusing vaccination, respondents indicated fears of complications. Negative information about vaccines was mainly obtained from the Internet. At the same time, respondents had great conﬁdence in the opinion of medical professionals, including in making a positive decision on vaccination. The meeting of students with leading experts in the ﬁeld of vaccination showed its high demand and effectiveness. As a result of the meeting, educational and methodological materials on vaccines and exposing myths about vaccination were prepared.
Prospects of Raman-fluorescent medical technologies as early detection of inflammatory and tumor head and neck diseases for improving quality of medical care: short review and original data
Authors: Timurzieva A. B. , Sadikov I. S.
Published: April 2022

The quality of medical care depends on many parameters, including the effective use of high-tech medical interventions for the purpose of early identification of diseases. Today, it is important to use non-invasive, highly specific, accurate, highly sensitive, real-time express-methods of diagnostics. For such aim Raman fluorescent medical technologies can be used in detection of inflammatory and tumor diseases, including the head and neck pathology. This article provides a brief overview of the prospects of Raman fluorescence spectrometry in combination with machine learning methods for the early indication of head and neck diseases; also results of the study are presented. The technique is based on the phenomena of tissue autofluorescence and Raman light scattering. The article presents the results of the use of Raman fluorescence spectrometry for the differential diagnosis of ear diseases and salivary glands` pathology. In the future, the described method in case of special diagnostic algorithms` development can be used in clinical medicine for improving the quality of medical care.
Prediction of DNA-Binding Protein–Drug-Binding Sites Using Residue Interaction Networks and Sequence Feature
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Yu , Liu Dong , Zhang HongJun , Wang XianFang , Zhou Yun
Published: April 2022

Identification of protein–ligand binding sites plays a critical role in drug discovery. However, there is still a lack of targeted drug prediction for DNA-binding proteins. This study aims at the binding sites of DNA-binding proteins and drugs, by mining the residue interaction network features, which can describe the local and global structure of amino acids, combined with sequence feature. The predictor of DNA-binding protein–drug-binding sites is built by employing the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model with random under-sampling. We found that the residue interaction network features can better characterize DNA-binding proteins, and the binding sites with high betweenness value and high closeness value are more likely to interact with drugs. The model shows that the residue interaction network features can be used as an important quantitative indicator of drug-binding sites, and this method achieves high predictive performance for the binding sites of DNA-binding protein–drug. This study will help in drug discovery research for DNA-binding proteins.
A Finite Element Model of Cerebral Vascular Injury for Predicting Microbleeds Location
Authors: Duckworth Harry , Azor Adriana , Wischmann Nikolaus , Zimmerman Karl A. , Tanini Ilaria , Sharp David J. , Ghajari Mazdak
Published: April 2022

Finite Element (FE) models of brain mechanics have improved our understanding of the brain response to rapid mechanical loads that produce traumatic brain injuries. However, these models have rarely incorporated vasculature, which limits their ability to predict the response of vessels to head impacts. To address this shortcoming, here we used high-resolution MRI scans to map the venous system anatomy at a submillimetre resolution. We then used this map to develop an FE model of veins and incorporated it in an anatomically detailed FE model of the brain. The model prediction of brain displacement at different locations was compared to controlled experiments on post-mortem human subject heads, yielding over 3,100 displacement curve comparisons, which showed fair to excellent correlation between them. We then used the model to predict the distribution of axial strains and strain rates in the veins of a rugby player who had small blood deposits in his white matter, known as microbleeds, after sustaining a head collision. We hypothesised that the distribution of axial strain and strain rate in veins can predict the pattern of microbleeds. We reconstructed the head collision using video footage and multi-body dynamics modelling and used the predicted head accelerations to load the FE model of vascular injury. The model predicted large axial strains in veins where microbleeds were detected. A region of interest analysis using white matter tracts showed that the tract group with microbleeds had 95th percentile peak axial strain and strain rate of 0.197 and 64.9 s−1 respectively, which were significantly larger than those of the group of tracts without microbleeds (0.163 and 57.0 s−1). This study does not derive a threshold for the onset of microbleeds as it investigated a single case, but it provides evidence for a link between strain and strain rate applied to veins during head impacts and structural damage and allows for future work to generate threshold values. Moreover, our results suggest that the FE model has the potential to be used to predict intracranial vascular injuries after TBI, providing a more objective tool for TBI assessment and improving protection against it.
Perceived Benefits of Automation and Artificial Intelligence in the AEC Sector: An Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach
Authors: Onososen Adetayo Olugbenga , Musonda Innocent
Published: April 2022

Increasing demand for infrastructure amidst the surge in the urbanization of cities and newly emerging commercial nerves has spurred the need to reinvent and rethink traditional approaches for delivering infrastructure. This has been identified as even more critical given the global drive and discourse on the sustainability of the construction sector and its health and safety performance. Given the potential gains of adopting construction automation and AI in infrastructure delivery, stakeholders’ convincing appreciation of its benefit is vital to its widespread adoption in the AEC sector. This explored and evaluated the critical benefits of integrating automation in construction processes in the architectural, engineering, and construction sector and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in driving its systems and workflows. The study adopts an interpretive structural modeling approach based on interviews of construction stakeholders in diverse countries to develop a hierarchical model of the interrelationships of the benefits. Furthermore, the Matrice d’Impacts croises-multiplication applique a classement analysis (MICMAC) was used to categorize the benefits. Highlighted perceived benefits such as improved project quality, simplification of construction tasks, workflow improvements, and safety performance, amongst others, were fractionalized into levels. The study’s findings are critical in satisfying a cost-benefit index of adopting automation and AI in the AEC sector. The results provide recommendations on effective approaches pivotal to driving automation and AI for practice and research. This is of further importance to construction stakeholders, policymakers, and local authorities in building strategies and roadmaps for proper integration of these systems and widespread adoption.
Microscopic Visualization of Cell-Cell Adhesion Complexes at Micro and Nanoscale
Authors: Vanslembrouck Bieke , Chen Jian-hua , Larabell Carolyn , van Hengel Jolanda
Published: April 2022

Considerable progress has been made in our knowledge of the morphological and functional varieties of anchoring junctions. Cell-cell adhesion contacts consist of discrete junctional structures responsible for the mechanical coupling of cytoskeletons and allow the transmission of mechanical signals across the cell collective. The three main adhesion complexes are adherens junctions, tight junctions, and desmosomes. Microscopy has played a fundamental role in understanding these adhesion complexes on different levels in both physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we discuss the main light and electron microscopy techniques used to unravel the structure and composition of the three cell-cell contacts in epithelial and endothelial cells. It functions as a guide to pick the appropriate imaging technique(s) for the adhesion complexes of interest. We also point out the latest techniques that have emerged. At the end, we discuss the problems investigators encounter during their cell-cell adhesion research using microscopic techniques.
A Synbiotic Combination of Lactobacillus gasseri 505 and Cudrania tricuspidata Leaf Extract Prevents Stress-Induced Testicular Dysfunction in Mice
Authors: Joung Jae Yeon , Lim Whasun , Seo Yeon Jeong , Ham Jiyeon , Oh Nam Su , Kim Sae Hun
Published: April 2022

This study investigated the effects of a synbiotic combination (Syn) of Lactobacillus gasseri 505 (505) and Cudrania tricuspidata leaf extract (CT) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in mice under chronic stress. Unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) significantly increased the serum levels of corticosterone, however, treatment with Syn suppressed UCMS-induced increases. Histopathological analysis of the testes showed that these organs experienced some damage during UCMS, but this was repaired following treatment with Syn. Similarly, the transcription levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), GnRH receptor, and gonadotropins, moreover, testicular development (i.e., Adam5, Adam29, and Spam1) - and steroidogenesis (i.e., Lhr, Egfr, and StAR) -related genes were significantly downregulated by UCMS. These UCMS-induced changes were inhibited by the administration of Syn, which was confirmed by the results of in situ hybridization analysis. These results suggest that the administration of Syn could attenuate the testicular dysfunctions induced by UCMS.
The Role of Wolves in Regulating a Chronic Non-communicable Disease, Osteoarthritis, in Prey Populations
Authors: Hoy Sarah R. , Vucetich John A. , Peterson Rolf O.
Published: April 2022

It is widely accepted that predators disproportionately prey on individuals that are old, weak, diseased or injured. By selectively removing individuals with diseases, predators may play an important role in regulating the overall health of prey populations. However, that idea is seldom tested empirically. Here we assess the extent that wolves (Canis lupus) select adult moose (Alces alces) in Isle Royale National Park on the basis of age-class and osteoarthritis, a chronic, non-communicable disease. We also assess how temporal variation in kill rates (on moose by wolves) were associated with the subsequent incidence of osteoarthritis in the moose population over a 33-year period (1975–2007). Wolves showed strong selection for senescent moose and tended to avoid prime-aged adults. However, the presence of severe osteoarthritis, but not mild or moderate osteoarthritis, appeared to increase the vulnerability of prime-aged moose to predation. There was weak evidence to suggest that senescent moose with osteoarthritis maybe more vulnerable to wolves, compared to senescent moose without the disease. The incidence of osteoarthritis declined following years with higher kill rates–which is plausibly due to the selective removal of individuals with osteoarthritis. Together those results suggest that selective predation plays an important role in regulating the health of prey populations. Additionally, because osteoarthritis is influenced by genetic factors, these results highlight how wolf predation may act as a selective force against genes associated with developing severe osteoarthritis as a prime-aged adult. Our findings highlight one benefits of allowing predators to naturally regulate prey populations. The evidence we present for predation’s influence on the health of prey populations is also relevant for policy-related arguments about refraining from intensively hunting wolf populations.
PolyReco: A Method to Automatically Label Collinear Regions and Recognize Polyploidy Events Based on the KS Dotplot
Authors: Wang Fushun , Zhang Kang , Zhang Ruolan , Liu Hongquan , Zhang Weijin , Jia Zhanxiao , Wang Chunyang
Published: April 2022

Polyploidization plays a critical role in producing new gene functions and promoting species evolution. Effective identification of polyploid types can be helpful in exploring the evolutionary mechanism. However, current methods for detecting polyploid types have some major limitations, such as being time-consuming and strong subjectivity, etc. In order to objectively and scientifically recognize collinearity fragments and polyploid types, we developed PolyReco method, which can automatically label collinear regions and recognize polyploidy events based on the KS dotplot. Combining with whole-genome collinearity analysis, PolyReco uses DBSCAN clustering method to cluster KS dots. According to the distance information in the x-axis and y-axis directions between the categories, the clustering results are merged based on certain rules to obtain the collinear regions, automatically recognize and label collinear fragments. According to the information of the labeled collinear regions on the y-axis, the polyploidization recognition algorithm is used to exhaustively combine and obtain the genetic collinearity evaluation index of each combination, and then draw the genetic collinearity evaluation index graph. Based on the inflection point on the graph, polyploid types and related chromosomes with polyploidy signal can be detected. The validation experiments showed that the conclusions of PolyReco were consistent with the previous study, which verified the effectiveness of this method. It is expected that this approach can become a reference architecture for other polyploid types classification methods.
Elevated α-Ketoglutaric Acid Concentrations and a Lipid-Balanced Signature Are the Key Factors in Long-Term HIV Control
Authors: Masip Jenifer , Rallón Norma , Yeregui Elena , Olona Montserrat , Resino Salvador , Benito José M. , Viladés Consuelo , García-Pardo Graciano , Alcamí José , Ruiz-Mateos Ezequiel , Gómez-Bertomeu Frederic , Vargas Montserrat , Navarro Marta , Oteo José A. , Pineda Juan A. , Martí Anna , Alba Verónica , Vidal Francesc , Peraire Joaquin , Rull Anna
Published: April 2022

Long-term elite controllers (LTECs) are a fascinating small subset of HIV individuals with viral and immunological HIV control in the long term that have been designated as models of an HIV functional cure. However, data on the LTEC phenotype are still scarce, and hence, the metabolomics and lipidomics signatures in the LTEC-extreme phenotype, LTECs with more than 10 years of viral and immunological HIV control, could be pivotal to finding the keys for functional HIV remission. Metabolomics and lipidomics analyses were performed using high-resolution mass spectrometry (ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–quadrupole time of flight [UHPLC-(ESI) qTOF] in plasma samples of 13 patients defined as LTEC-extreme, a group of 20 LTECs that lost viral and/or immunological control during the follow-up study (LTEC-losing) and 9 EC patients with short-term viral and immunological control (less than 5 years; no-LTEC patients). Long-term viral and immunological HIV-1 control was found to be strongly associated with elevated tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle function. Interestingly, of the nine metabolites identified in the TCA cycle, α-ketoglutaric acid (p = 0.004), a metabolite implicated in the activation of the mTOR complex, a modulator of HIV latency and regulator of several biological processes, was found to be a key metabolite in the persistent control. On the other hand, a lipidomics panel combining 45 lipid species showed an optimal percentage of separation and an ability to differentiate LTEC-extreme from LTEC-losing, revealing that an elevated lipidomics plasma profile could be a predictive factor for the reignition of viral replication in LTEC individuals.
Parthenolide Suppresses T Helper 17 and Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Zhang Kai , Zhang Mi , Zhang Xiaomin , Zhang Rongxin
Published: April 2022

T helper (Th) cells play crucial roles in inflammation and adaptive immune system. Importantly, Th17 cells, a major pathogenic Th cell subset, are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its classical animal modal experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Previous studies have shown that parthenolide (PTL), a sesquiterpene lactone, possesses potent anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the immunosuppressive effect of PTL on the pathogenic Th17 cell and MS is unclear. In this study, we showed that PTL treatment could alleviate clinical symptoms by inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration, reducing inflammation and demyelination of CNS. In addition, the mRNA expression of cytokines and inflammatory factors in CD4+T cells, especially Th1 and Th17 cells, reduced in both CNS and peripheral immune tissue of EAE mice. Furthermore, PTL could inhibit the reactivation of MOG-specific T cells and the differentiation of naïve CD4+T cells into Th17 cellsin vitro. We also found that PTL inhibited nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling and retinoid-related orphan receptor-γt (RORγt) in mouse Th17 cell and human Jurkat cell line. Taken together, our data demonstrated a critical immune-suppressive effect of PTL on autoimmune inflammation through regulating Th17 cells and the NF-κB/RORγt pathway.
Identifying Immunological and Clinical Predictors of COVID-19 Severity and Sequelae by Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Elemam Noha M. , Hammoudeh Sarah , Salameh Laila , Mahboub Bassam , Alsafar Habiba , Talaat Iman M. , Habib Peter , Siddiqui Mehmood , Hassan Khalid Omar , Al-Assaf Omar Yousef , Taneera Jalal , Sulaiman Nabil , Hamoudi Rifat , Maghazachi Azzam A. , Hamid Qutayba , Saber-Ayad Maha
Published: April 2022

Since its emergence as a pandemic in March 2020, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outcome has been exploredviaseveral predictive models, using specific clinical or biochemical parameters. In the current study, we developed an integrative non-linear predictive model of COVID-19 outcome, using clinical, biochemical, immunological, and radiological data of patients with different disease severities. Initially, the immunological signature of the disease was investigated through transcriptomics analysis of nasopharyngeal swab samples of patients with different COVID-19 severity versus control subjects (exploratory cohort, n=61), identifying significant differential expression of several cytokines. Accordingly, 24 cytokines were validated using a multiplex assay in the serum of COVID-19 patients and control subjects (validation cohort, n=77). Predictors of severity were Interleukin (IL)-10, Programmed Death-Ligand-1 (PDL-1), Tumor necrosis factors-α, absolute neutrophil count, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen, and ferritin; with high predictive efficacy (AUC=0.93 and 0.98 using ROC analysis of the predictive capacity of cytokines and biochemical markers, respectively). Increased IL-6 and granzyme B were found to predict liver injury in COVID-19 patients, whereas interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IL-1 receptor-a (IL-1Ra) and PD-L1 were predictors of remarkable radiological findings. The model revealed consistent elevation of IL-15 and IL-10 in severe cases. Combining basic biochemical and radiological investigations with a limited number of curated cytokines will likely attain accurate predictive value in COVID-19. The model-derived cytokines highlight critical pathways in the pathophysiology of the COVID-19 with insight towards potential therapeutic targets. Our modeling methodology can be implemented using new datasets to identify key players and predict outcomes in new variants of COVID-19.