bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stress crack resistance of unaged high-density polyethylene geomembrane fusion seams
Authors: Francey W. , Rowe R.K.
Published: February 2022

The stress crack resistance (SCR) of high density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembrane (GMB) fusion seams is examined for two 1.5 mm HDPE GMBs and a range of welding parameters. Results are reported for both unnotched and notched seams as well as their corresponding sheet material. Unnotched seam SCR specimens are shown to preferentially initiate craze formation at the terminating edge of the squeeze-out bead, while incorporating potentially degraded areas, such as the seams heat-affected zone (HAZ), within the slow crack growth region of the specimen. In the short-term, little variation was observed between the majority of seams for the nine welding parameter combinations examined, with an average normalized seam SCR value (normalized with respect to the unnotched sheet SCR) of 0.3 ± 0.1, or about 30% of the SCR of the unnotched sheet. It is shown that squeeze-out geometry plays an important role in the SCR of fusion seams. Seams with weld track rippling, a known qualitative indication of overheating, were found to have average unnotched SCR values 45% lower than smooth weld track seams. Deleterious squeeze-out geometries are identified to provide a framework through which CQA engineers and researchers can more readily identify ‘higher risk’ seams with respect to stress cracking.
Soil/geotextile filter compatibility: a geometrical, experimental and micro-structural approach
Authors: Moraci N. , Mandaglio M. C. , Bilardi S.
Published: February 2022

The paper focuses on the evaluation of the long-term behaviour of geotextile filters in contact with cohesionless soils. The clogging, blinding and piping levels of the filtering systems have been evaluated analysing the results of long-term filtration tests, and of geometrical and micro-structural analyses. The geometrical approach was based on the comparison between geotextile pore size distribution and soil grain size distribution, also taking into consideration the critical diameter of suffusion. Scanning electron microscope images of geotextiles before and after filtration tests provided useful information about blinding and clogging phenomena and about variation of the geotextile internal structure (fibres and voids). Moreover, in order to predict the geotextile filtration opening size, an existing mathematical model was modified to take into account the variation of the geotextile final porosity due to the agglomeration of particles around geotextile fibres or within geotextile pores. The geometrical, experimental and micro-structural approach allowed the Authors to better evaluate the soil/ geotextile filter compatibility in the complex case of geotextile in contact with internally unstable soils. This procedure could be a useful tool in geotextile filter design under critical/severe conditions.
Behaviour of soilbags subjected to monotonic and cyclic vertical loading
Authors: Liu S. H. , Fang B. X. , Lu Y. , Chen S.
Published: February 2022

Soilbags have been successfully used in the reinforcement of building foundations that can function as the base isolation. A series of unconfined compression tests under monotonic and cyclic loading were conducted to investigate the static bearing capacity and the dynamic deformation behaviour of stacked soilbags. The results of monotonic loading tests demonstrate that the ultimate compressive strength and the tangent compression modulus of soilbags tend to relatively stable values of around 0.7 MPa and 6.73 MPa, respectively, when the number of layers exceeds three. Under cyclic loading, the accumulated vertical strain of stacked soilbags increases nonlinearly under the application of cyclic loading, reducing with each loading cycle and even reaching a relatively stable state where the vertical strain is primarily elastic, which can be described with an empirical formula with respect to the static vertical stress, the cyclic load ratio and the number of loading cycles. The resilient moduli of stacked soilbags change slightly during cyclic loading period, and increase with the increasing static vertical stress and the decreasing cyclic load ratio. The outcomes of this study demonstrate the feasibility of soilbags as the base isolation as they have prominent bearing capacity and stable deformation behaviour under cyclic loading.
Seeing as Making: Mediation, rhetoric, and the Ultrasound Informed Consent Act
Authors: Weedon Scott
Published: February 2022

How do material and discursive arrangements, technologies and rhetoric, shape the subjects and objects of medical discourse (Scott & Melonçon, 2017; Selzer & Crowley, 1999)? How are the affordances of material and discursive arrangements seized by political actors? Tackling these and similar questions has been a growing preoccupation in the rhetoric of science, technology, and medicine, where researchers have sought better ways of understanding the entanglements of the symbolic and material (Booher & Jung, 2018; Graham, 2009; Jack, 2019; Propen, 2018). A perspicuous case for this research is the Ultrasound Informed Consent Act (UICA), an amendment to the Public Health Service Act mandating that women receive an ultrasound and have its images described to them before having abortions. Three US states have a version of this law, with over twenty others having laws similar to the UICA (Guttmacher Institute, 2019, n.d.). Through this law, antiabortionists are able to construct a kairotic situation through the mediating capacity of ultrasound where they can use the actual state of affairs (a woman seeking an abortion) to argue through images for a possible future (a woman foregoing abortion). This article analyzes the UICA to understand how the political speech of antiabortionists enrolls the moralizing capacity of ultrasound to construct a kairotic situation to intervene in women’s pregnancies. Starting from studies of actor-networks (Latour, 1983;1999a) and technological mediation (Verbeek, 2011; 2015), and departing to feminist rhetorical science studies (Booher & Jung, 2018; Frost & Haas, 2017) and rhetorical approaches to imagery and visualization (Propen, 2018; Roby, 2016; Webb, 2009), I argue that not only do translation processes and technical mediation distribute agencies; they construct the very situations where agencies are constituted. This study can widen our understanding of how political entities appropriate the rhetorical capacities of technology and discourse to translate their politics into legislature.
Representing Rhetoric: Post-truth and the Example of Thank You for Smoking
Authors: Donnelly Michael Dennis
Published: February 2022

Grounding assumptions about the function of public discourse are critical to the formation and functioning of society. One way of examining those assumptions is through analyzing how public discourse gets represented in popular culture. Patricia Roberts-Miller’s (2004) taxonomy of models of public spheres serves as a template for the analysis of the film Thank You for Smoking (2006). This analysis demonstrates how the film both advocates for and contributes to the evolution of a post-truth public sphere by obscuring the historical controversy over tobacco. Truth and knowledge are not merely hidden or ignored but neutralized, and “spin” is therefore normalized and ultimately justified as a necessary protection of individual rights in a libertarian democracy.
Comparison of normalized and non-normalized block caving comminution models
Authors: Gómez R. , Castro R. , Betancourt F. , Moncada M.
Published: February 2022

In block cave mining, rock fragmentation is a key parameter that influences the production level design and mine planning. Fragmentation occurs mainly by natural breakage during the caving process and in the draw column. The breakage that occurs within the column is known as secondary fragmentation. Secondary fragmentation has been successfully described using the block caving comminution model, which replicates the fragmentation mechanics between particles under drawn and vertical loads in a draw column. This model is based on a kinetic and population balance approach, in which non-normalized and normalized assumptions can be used depending on material and comminution system behaviour. In this paper, the non-normalized and normalized approaches are applied and compared to laboratory data to determine which assumption should be used for secondary breakage in block caving. Approaches are compared graphically, with the mean square error and the Fisher test with a false-rejection probability of 0.05. Based on a statistical analysis, the results show that the normalized model can be applied to all the rock types tested.
Integration of strategic open-pit mine planning into hierarchical artificial intelligence
Authors: Quelopana A. , Navarra A.
Published: February 2022

The mine production scheduling problem (MPSP) has been studied since the 1960s, and remains an active area of computational research. In extending the concepts of the MPSP, the automated mine may now be regarded as a hierarchical intelligent agent in which the bottom layer consists of distributed robotic equipment, while strategic functionality occupies the higher layers. Here we present a disambiguation of artificial intelligence, machine learning, computational optimization, and automation within the mining context. Specifically, the Q-learning algorithm has been adapted to generate the initial solutions for a high-performing strategic mine planning algorithm, originally developed by Lamghari, Dimitrakopoulos and Ferland, based on the variable neighbourhood descent (VND) metaheuristic. The hierarchical intelligent agent is presented as an integrative conceptual platform, defining the interaction between our new Q-learning adaptation and Lamghari's VND, and potentially other hierarchically controlled components of an artificially intelligent mine, having various degrees of automation. Sample computations involving Q-learning and VND are presented.
The effect of non-standard loading platen usage on point load index value of rocks
Authors: Akbay D. , Altindag R.
Published: February 2022

The point load index is a simple, fast, and inexpensive method for determining rock strength and can be applied both in the field and in the laboratory. There are, however, some disadvantages and limitations to the method, and the test results can be affected by the person carrying out the test, the rock characteristics, or the test device. In this study we describe an investigation into how the point load index value is affected by the shape of the conical platens used in the test. Point load index tests were carried out using different devices fitted with conical platens of different spherical radii, and on a modified device which circumvented the limitations/disadvantages. It was seen that the point load index value increased as the platen radius increased, as expected. In the case of testing using non-standard conical platens, an equation is proposed to normalize the point load index value with respect to the standard spherical radius value.
DNA genom dizilimi üzerinde dijital sinyal işleme teknikleri kullanılarak elde edilen ekson ve intron bölgelerinin EfficientNetB7 mimarisi ile sınıflandırılması
Authors: AKALIN Fatma , YUMUŞAK Nejat
Published: February 2022

Organizmayı inşa etmek ve canlılığını sürdürmek için devasa bilgi barındıran DNA, önemli bir biyobelirteçtir. A,T,G ve C harflerinden oluşan sembolik bir dizilime sahip olan DNA genom parçası, protein üreten(ekson) ve protein üretmeyen(intron) kısımlardan meydana gelmektedir. Bu bölgelerin tanımlanması; kanserin gelişme durumunun incelenmesi, ilgili gen bölgelerinde mutasyonun gerçekleşip gerçekleşmediğinin izlenmesi ya da organizmanın büyüme ve gelişme durumlarının düzenlenmesi gibi farklı konuların aydınlatılmasında önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu kapsamda bilgisayar destekli sistemler ile ekson ve intron bölgelerinin doğru bir şekilde ayırt edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, farklı sayısal haritalama teknikleri ile sayısallaştırılan sembolik DNA dizilimleri üzerinde en başarılı sayısal haritalama tekniğine performans ölçütleri vasıtasıyla karar verilmiştir. Ardından ilk kısımda seçilen haritalama tekniği kullanılarak sayısallaştırılan DNA dizilimlerinin spektogram olarak ifade edilmesi sağlanmıştır. Zamanla değişen bir sinyalin frekans spektrumunun görsel bir temsili olan spektogramlar exon ve intron bölgeleri olarak etiketlendikten sonra öğrenme aktarımı olan EfficientNetB7 mimarisi ile sınıflandırılmıştır. Sınıflandırma sürecinin sonunda başarı oranı ve AUC değeri %100 olarak elde edilmiştir.
8 hores. El Noi del Sucre i la vaga de La Canadenca
Authors: Pla Gálvez Andrés
Published: February 2022

Ressenya del llibre: Gálvez, P. i López, A. (2021). 8 hores. El Noi del Sucre i la vaga de La Canadenca. Pagès Editors
La cooperación entre el alumnado
Authors: Irigoyen Albert
Published: February 2022

Ressenya del llibre: Connac, S. (2021). La cooperación entre el alumnado. Marge Books-Montaber.
Entrevista a Sylvain Connac
Authors: Irigoyen Albert
Published: February 2022

Entrevista al Dr. Sylvain Connac, màxim referent de les pedagogies cooperatives, professor titular de la Universitat Paul Valéry de Montpeller, i investigador en Ciències de l’Educació en el grup de recerca LIRDEF. L’investigador francès precisa què són les pedagogies cooperatives, les compara amb l’aprenentatge cooperatiu que s’aplica en el sistema educatiu català i detalla el funcionament d’una classe cooperativa. A la vegada, trenca amb idees preconcebudes sobre el treball cooperatiu: incideix en la individualitat; apunta sobre voluntarietat en el fet de cooperar; marca l’ús del grup cooperatiu com una eina més, i no pas com l’única; distingeix treball en grup, treball de grup, treball en equip i treball d’equip; aporta noves situacions d’ensenyament-aprenentatge com l’ajuda, l’ajuda mútua, la tutoria o per fer col·lectiu com els debats amb finalitats democràtiques i filosòfiques (DVDP); i diferencia cooperació de col·laboració en l’aprenentatge. En definitiva, Connac va més enllà del treball en grup cooperatiu i amplia el camp d’acció dels mètodes cooperatius a l’abast. A més, valora si cooperar és un valor o no ho és, si ha de ser un mitjà o una finalitat en la seva aplicació a l’aula, i s’endinsa en la pandèmia de la covid-19 i en el fet de si és possible cooperar virtualment. Finalment, aporta línies de futur i valora si la cooperació a les aules estarà més present en el 2030.
Validación de un video educativo para fortalecer las prácticas de parto humanizado entre personal de salud
Authors: Nieves Cuervo Giselly Mayerly , Lizarazo-Castellanos Angie Daniela , Cáceres-Manrique Flor de María
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Validar un video educativo sobre parto humanizado, dirigido al personal de salud, con el fin de fortalecer e incentivar prácticas en salud pública que aseguren el respeto de los derechos de las maternas y promuevan el bienestar del binomio madre-hijo.
Metodología: Validación de tecnología educativa en formato video. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica y una selección de contenidos. También se elaboró el libreto y se produjo un video, que fue validado por 6 especialistas, seleccionados según su hoja de vida, y por 222 profesionales y técnicos del área de salud, quienes atienden gestantes y maternas. Los evaluadores fueron contactados por redes sociales, usando muestreo en “bola de nieve”. Se calculó el índice de validez de contenido, considerado aceptable cuando es mayor que 0,60.
Resultados: Un video que expone, en 2 minutos y 20 segundos, los derechos de las gestantes y maternas, y motiva su cumplimiento. En su validación participaron 6 especialistas, 4 con título de maestría y 2 con doctorado, quienes calificaron el índice de validez de contenido con máxima puntuación. La población objetivo, principalmente médicos y enfermeras, asignaron el índice de validez de contenido entre 0,92 y 0,99, con una concordancia de 97,87. Ambos grupos hicieron comentarios positivos y dieron su aprobación al video.
Conclusión: Se obtuvo un video educomunicativo corto, calificado con altos índices de validez por especialistas y público objetivo, quienes lo consideraron útil para fortalecer las prácticas de parto humanizado entre el personal de salud e incentivar el respeto de los derechos de las maternas.
Hallazgos clínicos, epidemiológicos y virológicos del primer brote de COVID-19 en Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Velásquez Cuadros Carlos Hernando , Almanza Payares Rita Elena , Silva López Yury Johana
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Caracterizar clínica, epidemiológica y virológicamente el primer brote de covid-19, a partir del caso primario en Medellín (Colombia), a través de las acciones de vigilancia y control epidemiológico realizadas para su contención.

Metodología: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Los casos secundarios se identificaron teniendo en cuenta la definición del protocolo del Instituto Nacional de Salud. La recolección de datos fue obtenida del Sistema de Vigilancia en Salud Pública, la investigación epidemiológica de campo, historia clínica y resultados de laboratorio. Se tuvieron en cuenta patrones clínicos de la enfermedad (signos y síntomas), componentes epidemiológicos (acciones de vigilancia y control de la transmisión) y virológicos (con el uso de la prueba diagnóstica para sars-CoV-2 y la evaluación de la recuperación virológica). La confirmación de los casos se hizo por técnica de detección diagnóstica de coronavirus Wuhan 2019 por Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction - Real Time, protocolo Charité, Berlín, Alemania 2020, procesadas en e informadas por el Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia del Instituto Nacional de Salud.

Resultados: El caso primario de Medellín ingresó al país el 2 de marzo de 2020, procedente de Madrid (España) y fue confirmado el 9 de marzo. Se identificaron 52 contactos estrechos en 9 conglomerados. Las acciones de vigilancia en salud pública permitieron identificar 5 casos relacionados en una fase temprana de la enfermedad.

Conclusiones: La caracterización del caso primario en Medellín permitió identificar el primer brote de covid-19 y orientar las medidas de control epidemiológico, como aislamientos, tomas de muestras, seguimiento a contactos y búsquedas de casos secundarios.
Barreras para la atención de las conductas suicidas en Ciudad de México: experiencias del personal de salud en el primer nivel de atención
Authors: Gómez García Lourdes , Arenas Monreal Luz , Valdez Santiago Rosario , Rojas Russell Mario , Astudillo García Claudia Iveth , Agudelo Botero Marcela
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Identificar las barreras que existen para la atención de las conductas suicidas, desde la perspectiva de las/los profesionales de la salud mental del primer nivel de atención de la Ciudad de México.
Metodología: Estudio cualitativo exploratorio, basado en 35 entrevistas semiestructuradas, dirigidas a personal de salud de dos unidades de salud mental de referencia nacional. El análisis de la información se hizo mediante el Framework Analysis.
Resultados: Las/los participantes consideraron que las conductas suicidas no han sido definidas como una prioridad dentro de los trastornos de salud mental. La ausencia de políticas públicas, la sobrecarga de trabajo, la falta de seguimiento a las/los pacientes, entre otras, fueron identificadas como barreras para una atención adecuada y oportuna.
Conclusiones: Los programas de prevención de las conductas suicidas deben tomar en cuenta el contexto socioeconómico de la población y las características de los servicios de salud, así como las necesidades de las personas prestadoras de servicios de salud. Se requiere ampliar el entrenamiento profesional y mejorar el sistema de referencia y contrarreferencia entre los distintos niveles de atención.
Redesigning Informal Beirut: Shaping the Sustainable Transformation Strategies
Authors: Lorens Piotr , Wojtowicz-Jankowska Dorota , Bou Kalfouni Bahaa
Published: February 2022

Lebanon is distinguished by its strategic geographical location among the Arab countries. Beirut, as the capital city and the major commercial and cultural centre of the country, is a point of interest for migrants. The region has witnessed many changes since the end of World War II, which have resulted in internal and external conflicts, migrations, the centralization of the country’s economy, etc. Furthermore, the city has witnessed many periods of urbanization, destruction, reconstruction, and regeneration, which has contributed to the complex nature of the city’s population and a blurring of the boundaries between settlements which are quite different in their natures. As a result, Beirut has become a home to mixed communities and societies of different origins and natures. The extensive inflow of migrants combined with economic crises has contributed to the appearance of informal settlements. They are located in different areas of the city and its surroundings, known as Greater Beirut. These settlements face various challenges, including spatial organization, socioeconomic standing, and environmental concerns. The current situation in Lebanon (resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic combined with the 4th of August 2020 blast in the port of Beirut) makes these challenges even more appalling. Some of the key issues discussed in this article are associated with the origin, current state, and prospects for improving the urban quality of these informal settlements considering their unplanned development and underused potentials. The article includes an inventory and speculates about the best possible strategies derived from three local interventions which are based on published reports. These examples represent rehabilitation and reconstruction activities in different cities in Lebanon. They can be applied to the specific situation of Beirut, given the variety of possible contexts there. The authors’ initial intention is to deal with the possible scope of the physical improvement in these settlements which will lead to socio-economic and environmental development and will also include possible ways of reinventing Beirut’s urban structure.
Analysis of shaft lining stress state in anhydrite-rock salt transition zone
Authors: Karasev Maxim A. , Protosenya Anatoly G. , Katerov Andrey M. , Petrushin Vladislav V.
Published: February 2022

The main question of this paper is the stress-strain state prediction of the vertical shaft’s combined lining located at the interface of two layers of dolomite and salt. The study predicts geomechanical processes at the contact of the dolomite layer and the salt layer in the vicinity of the vertical shaft’s expanded section, taking into account the operating life of a vertical shaft is equal to 50 years. The results combined lining’s stress-strain state, represented as a four – layer medium, where the external layer is concrete, and the three inner layers are used to account for the heterogeneity of cast-iron tubing and are compared with the results received when taking into account the pipe structure. The solution of the problem was carried out in a three-dimensional statement. The calculation of the tubing lining, considering its actual geometry, will increase the accuracy of the forecast of the stress state of the lining, which in turn will favourably affect the justification of its parameters.
A novel electrochemical sensor based on metal nanoparticles and molecularly imprinted polymer nanocomposite with biological applications
Authors: Shaker Farzaneh , Taghi Vardini Mohammad , Es’haghi Moosa , Ghorbani Kalhor Ebrahim
Published: February 2022

Metal nanoparticles trapped in a biopolymer composite due to electrical conductivity properties improve electrochemical sensors with biomedical and environmental applications. The study aims are to design a novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) composite based on magnetic graphene oxide (Fe3O4@GO) modified silica (SiO2) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to electrochemical detect serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). A suitable amount of 5-HT is effective on motivational functions and the environment because it is a serotonergic neurotransmitter. But the desired nanocomposite may have a relatively low recognition, therefore must be in choosing the type of functional monomer be careful. In this regard, the design of the electrochemical sensor began by synthesis of Fe3O4@GO-SiO2@AuNPs nanocomposite. Then, MIP electropolymerization was carried out by using p-aminothiophenol (PATP)-functionalized Fe3O4@GO-SiO2@AuNPs nanocomposite in the presence of 5HT as a template molecule. Electrochemical polymerization of MIP nanocomposite was developed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and the electrochemical properties of 5-HT were studied use differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technology in the 5HT solution. After optimization of preparation and measurement conditions on the designed sensor, the 5HT concentration range is 0.1 μM to 10 μM linearly, and the detection limit was 1 × 10-5 μM (S / N = 3). The wide concentration range and low detection limit were presented metal nanoparticles functionalized MIP with appropriate functional monomer have a great effect on the performance of the sensor. Furthermore, PATP-functionalized metal nanoparticles increase the conductivity and recognition of the prepared MIP electrochemical sensor to the quantification of 5-HT in biological samples with high selectivity and recovery.
Research on adherence of elder patients with cardiovascular diseases to surgical treatment and assessment of the endovascular treatment clinical efficacy
Authors: Goloshchapov-Aksenov Roman S , Rukodaynyy Oleg V , Volkov Pavel S
Published: February 2022

Background. Patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) older than 70 years have low adherence to surgical treatment.
Aim. To investigate the adherence of elder patients with CVD to surgical treatment and evaluate the effectiveness of endovascular care.
Material and methods. In 20162020 on the basis of the vascular surgery department of the Central Clinical Hospital Russian Railways-Medicine (Moscow) and the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia standardized clinical interviewing of patients with surgical CVD (n=422, average age 76.117.2 years) was conducted. Patients were considered adherent to surgical treatment if more than in 90% of cases they agreed to undergo cardiovascular surgery. Endovascular operations were performed (100%). Evaluation of the endovascular treatment effectiveness was carried out according to the following criteria: reducing the degree of ischemia, the duration of hospital treatment, the frequency of hospitalizations during the year caused by the CVD progression, and two-year survival. The duration of patients supervision was 24 months. We compared the results of the years 20162017 (the period of mainly conservative treatment, group A, n=106) and the years 20182019 (the period of high surgical activity for CVD, group B, n=422 which included 106 patients from group A). Differences between the compared indicators were considered significant at p 0.05.
Results. The adherence of patients over 70 years old to surgical CVD treatment was 99.5% if endovascular technology was suggested. The priority usage of endovascular care contributed to the growth of surgical activity in the vascular surgery department from 7 to 98.9% (p=0.0015), as well as high immediate and long-term (24 months) clinical efficiency (100 and 88%), and two-year survival of patients up to 100% (group B). The average duration of hospitalization for endovascular treatment was 5.10.11 days, for conservative treatment it was 8.43.6 days (p=0.02). The average number of hospitalizations per year for patients in group A was 3.1 times, in group B 1.6 times (p=0.0028).
Conclusion. Endovascular care for CVD curing is an effective method of surgical treatment and promotes adherence of elder patients to surgical treatment.
Structure of the drug treatment adherence in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment and psychopathological symptoms
Authors: Kovtun Olga P , Sidenkova Alena P , Izmozherova Nadezhda V , Serdyuk Oleg V , Vikhareva Anna A , Melnik Alena A , Rezaikin Alexey V
Published: February 2022

Background. The high prevalence of pre-dementia cognitive impairment in the elderly, their poor prognosis with a frequent transition to dementia, polymorbidity with somatic pathology determine the need for adequate correction of all somatic diseases. This increases the importance of treatment adherence. Aim. To assess the structure of drug treatment adherence in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and psychopathological symptoms. Material and methods. An observational study of 264 patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment was conducted. The average age was 68.51.4 years. Of these, 17.6% were men, and 83.3% were women. The patients were divided into two groups: with psychopathological symptoms (main group, n=189) and without psychopathological symptoms (comparison group, n=75). Research methods used: clinical-psychopathological, psychometric, statistical by using Statistica 7 software for Windows OS. The Pearson's chi-squared test, the nonparametric MannWhitney U test, and the correlation analysis with calculation of Spearmans rank correlation coefficient (r) were used. Results. The adherence (compliance) of the study participants in relation to general therapeutic recommendations is represented by social, emotional and behavioural compliance. The total score of general compliance in the main study group was 45.4229.7, in the comparison group 51.0932.3 points (p=0.031). In the main group, half of the participants (49.7%) had a low total score of general compliance, less than half of the participants had an average total score, only 4.8% of the participants showed high compliance with therapeutic recommendations. Increased depression correlates with low overall, social and emotional competence (r=0.512). Severe agitation and aggression correlate with low behavioural and emotional competence (r=0.589). Statistically significant correlations were found between psychotic symptoms and low behavioural compliance (r=0.151 and r=0.145). Conclusion. The overall medication compliance rates are lower in patients with affective and psychotic symptoms; an increase in the number of affective, psychotic, behavioural disorders in patients with mild cognitive impairment correlates with low overall, social, emotional and behavioural compliance.
Compensation of acetabular defects in hip arthroplasty
Authors: Udintseva Maria Yu , Volokitina Elena A , Kutepov Sergey M
Published: February 2022

Acetabular reconstruction is a necessary condition for improving the survival rate and proper functioning of the implant. The issue of compensation for bone loss remains one of the most difficult and controversial in orthopaedics. The article aimed to analyze approaches to the problem of management of acetabular defects in hip replacement. The paper presents the key features of the anatomy and radiological anatomy of the acetabulum. Modern modifications of acetabular components of an endoprosthesis, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as ways to compensate for acetabular bone loss with bone substitute materials are considered. The review highlights the use of 3Dprinting technologies, the interaction between physicians and other experts in this field. Currently, an active search for materials, alternatives to autogenous bone, as well as ways to facilitate the design and reduce the negative impact of the implant on the patient's bone tissue continues. The use of additive technologies seems to be the most promising direction that allows applying an individual approach to each clinical case, but it is available only in specialized centres and is associated with significant material, technical and legal difficulties. Stable fixation of the acetabular component, according to the literature, is achieved under the condition of restoration of hip rotation centre in the native acetabulum area, restoration of normal anatomical relations in the hip joint and adequate replacement of bone loss.
Nanoparticles Derived from Active Metabolites of Chaetomium cupreum CC3003 against Phytophthora Rot of Durian
Authors: Tongon Rujira
Published: February 2022

Phytophthora rot of durian (Durio zibetinus L.) is a serious disease wherever the crop has been planted and the disease control customarily uses chemical fungicides reported to be resistant by pathogen. Alternative non-chemical control strategies are being investigated to produce safe food. The main objective of this research was to test the activity of metabolites from Chaetomium cupreum CC3003 in the form of crude materials and nanoparticles to control and induce immunity to Phytophthora palmivora causing rot of durian var. Monthong. The results showed that P. palmivora proved to be pathogenic to durian var. Monthong. C. cupreum CC3003 acted as an antagonist and P. palmivora was confirmed as the pathogen by morphological and molecular genetic identification. Effective doses (ED50) of CC-E, CC-H and CC-M crude metabolites for spore inhibition were 60, 97 and 140 mg.kg-1, respectively. The research findings found that the diameters of nano CC-E, nano CC-H and nano CC-M were 534, 499 and 537 nm, respectively. The nano CC-E, nano CC-H and nano CC-M demonstrated antifungal activity against P. palmivora with ED50 of 11, 13 and 16 mg.kg-1, respectively. The nanoparticles at low concentrations were more effective than crude metabolites at high concentrations. Nano-CC-E used to treat seedlings of durian resulted in the production of scopoletin which served as an immunity agent or elicitor against rot disease of durian. It is concluded that active metabolites derived from C. cupreum significantly inhibited P. palmivora and induced immunity through phytoalexin production. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers
Residual Potential of Dexamethasone and its Effect on Goat Milk
Authors: Atif Khan Muhammad
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of intramuscular administration of dexamethasone (DXM) on clinical, residual and milk composition parameters in goat. For this, 0.5 mg/kg BW dose of DXM was administered once daily for 3 consecutive days. Milk samples were collected before and after drug administration at 2, 8, 16, 32, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168 h. Pulse rate and respiratory rate were increased (P ˂ 0.05) in at 2, 8, 16, 32, 48 and 72 and 96 h While, the rectal temperature was increased (P < 0.05) only at 02 h post drug administration. The highest residual level of DXM was noticed at 32 h (2.70 ng/mL) and lowest at 168 h (0.25 ng/mL) in milk. Milk Fat increased (P ˂ 0.01) at 32, 48 and 72 h and (P < 0.05) at 2, 8, 16, 96,120 h and then gradually returned to pre-treatment value at 144 h. The mean milk protein level was increased (P ˂ 0.01) at 8, 16, 32, 48, 72 and 120 h and (P < 0.05) at 2 and 96 h. Milk Solid Not Fat level was increased (P < 0.05) at 16, 32, 48, 72 and 96 h, however, at 120 h this increase was (P < 0.01). Milk yield decreased (P ˃ 0.05) from 2 – 16 h as compared to control then, decreased (P < 0.05) at 32, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 h post DXM administration. It has been concluded that the therapeutic dose of DXM 0.5 mg/kg BW once daily for 3 consecutive days produced significant effects on clinical, residual level and milk composition parameters in goat. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers
Assessment of the Impact of Rosemary Chitosan Microemulsion Effect on Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes Dipping in Chicken Meat Stored at 4˚C
Authors: Y. Youssef Dalia
Published: February 2022

This article studies the potential use of the Rosemarry (REO) microemulsion with/without chitosan to assess the growth inhibition of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria represented by Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli. The chicken samples were divided into four groups after inoculation of E. coli and L. monocytogenes separately: control group (without treatment), 1% chitosan nanoparticle treatment group, 0.5% REO microemulsion treatment group, and 0.5% REO + 1% chitosan microemulsion treatment group. Chicken samples were dipped into the treatments for 15 days of refrigerated storage at 4°C. All groups were kept refrigerated, and bacterial counts were taken on days 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15. Chitosan nanoparticle and REO microemulsion with/without chitosan were spherical shape and showed a narrow size distribution of 23.98 ± 0.83, 34.24 ± 2.2 and 28.01 ± 1.36 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.86, 0.33 and 0.54, respectively indicating that greater homogeneity was achieved. REO chitosan microemulsion has 12 components detected by GC-Mass as follows: pinene (22.21%), borneol (21.32%), 1-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethanoneoxime (3.48%), oxocamphor (0.49%), camphor (2.99%), limonene (0.29%), cis-linalool oxide (0.87), 2-(5-chloro-methoxyphenyl) pyrrole (2.19%), homofarnesol (0.27%), levoverbenone (0.45%), peruviol (0.73%) and campesterol (1.22%). The results showed a substantial reduction in L. monocytogenes and E. coli count in all treatment groups when compared to the control group, with the greatest inhibitory efficacy in the 0.5% REO chitosan microemulsion group. A favorable effect of chitosan treatment on chicken acceptability during refrigerated storage was reported, with an improvement in the sensory qualities of the products. Thus, REO chitosan microemulsion is advised to be used in chicken to enhance resistance to harmful microorganisms. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers
Analysis of risk factors and treatment outcome following methotrexate therapy in ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Amudha Paneerselvam , G. Shenbagam , C. Raji
Published: February 2022

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in first trimester of pregnancy. Awareness regarding risk factors for ectopic pregnancy aids in early diagnosis and timely medical intervention before tubal rupture occurs. This study was undertaken to analyze the risk factors for ectopic pregnancy and to study the treatment outcome following methotrexate therapy.Methods: In this prospective study, 34 women with unruptured ectopic pregnancy selected for medical therapy were enrolled women with ectopic pregnancy who were hemodynamically stable with initial beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β hCG) values of <5000 mIU/l, ectopic gestation mass size <5 cm and with no contraindication for methotrexate use were included in the study. Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy were studied and treatment outcome following single dose or 2 dose methotrexate regimen were analyzed.Results: The mean age of the study group was 26.88±4.5 years. Highest incidence of ectopic pregnancy was noted in 26-30 years and in second gravidas. Successful treatment outcome was observed in 61.8% with single dose methotrexate (MTX) and in 23.5% with 2 doses. Overall success rate of MTX therapy was 85.3%. Surgical intervention was instituted in 14.7% when pretreatment β hCG levels were <1500 mIU/ml. Single dose MTX was successful in 91.7% and with 2 doses it was 100%. None developed any major side effects to methotrexate therapy.Conclusions: MTX therapy is safe and effective in carefully selected women with ectopic pregnancy. Success rate of MTX therapy was 85.3%. MTX was most effective when pretreatment β hCG levels were less than 1500 mIU/ml.
Adolescent medial epicondyle trash lesion clinic radiological evaluation and treatment
Authors: Ghantasala Navaneeth , Chokkalingam Sitsabesan , . Shibusumanth , Nair Nikhilesh
Published: February 2022

Elbow injures in children accounts for 10% of all fractures, ranges from simple sprain to elbow fracture dislocation. Ligamentous injury accounts for 2-3% only and are mostly sports related seen in overhead athletes. Trash lesions (the radiological appearances seemed harmless) around the elbow are reported in children under 10 years which are high energy trauma with initial normal looking X-rays. These are osteochondral or physical injures presenting with soft tissue swelling without any fractures. A high index of suspicion, early additional imaging such as MRI, CT scan, ultrasound examination and aggressive surgical care are usually necessary for prompt diagnosis and successful treatment of these injuries before complications arise. We presented a case of an elbow injury in a 15 year old girl, following a fall on her outstretched hand with initial normal findings in her X-rays. 3 months following the injury she had persisting pain and instability with ulnar nerve impingement symptoms. Her elbow CT scan, nerve conduction study confirmed the avulsion fracture of medial epicondyle with ulnar nerve neuritis and cubital tunnel syndrome. Valgus stress test proved the extent of additional medial instability. Medial epicondyle avulsion fractures are always challenging for fixation. The retracting UCL forces prevents healing and were prone for failure with non-operative splinting once instability is defined. Attempted fixation can also result in failure of fixation. Our case study highlights the possibility of such trash lesion in adolescent and also the modified technique of ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction in a cost effective manner.
Periodontal disease and genetics an overview and lineage
Authors: Sebastian Sajith , Susan Jenny
Published: February 2022

Periodontal diseases are a heterogeneous group of pathologies. It is believed that bacteria are required to develop periodontitis. While microbial and other environmental factors initiate and modulate periodontal disease, individuals respond differently to common environmental challenges, and this differential response is influenced by the individual’s genetic profile. Genes clearly play a role in the predisposition to and progression of periodontal diseases. Susceptibility to periodontal disease and the severity of the disease results from the interactions of genetic mutations and polymorphisms. This is my brief review of various genetic factors and methods used to delineate the various periodontal diseases and genetic associations.Their affects on the disease phenotype, morphology and outcome.

Periodontitis is clearly multifactorial, and researchers need to design studies that examine the role of important environmental and genetic factors simultaneously. Given the large no. of genes in human genome and bacteria in the oral cavity, it is likely that genes and environment interact in important but as-yet un-recognized ways to alter disease risk. Most importantly, identifying specific genetic risk factors may be academically appealing but is of little use unless it leads to improvements in the prevention or treatment of disease.
Management and visual outcome in patients of phacolytic glaucoma at a tertiary eye care hospital
Authors: Singasandra Sanjana Marijogaiah , Nannaware Shital Laxman , Mallaiah Dakshayini , Venkataswamy Shwetha  Bennavara
Published: February 2022

Phacolytic glaucoma is one of the commonest cause of secondary glaucoma due to senile cataracts. This study was conducted to evaluate the visual outcome of phacolytic glaucoma.

1. To study the management of phacolytic glaucoma; 2. To study the visual outcome after planned manual SICS.

Participants were 30 patients in a tertiary eye care hospital for both urban and rural population diagnosed as phacolytic glaucoma. Demographic data, duration of the symptoms, IOP of the patients before presenting to the hospital were noted. Patient underwent Manual SICS with PCIOL implantation after the control of intraocular pressure and inflammation. The data was analyzed by simple statistical methods.

Mean age of the patients was 61.63 yrs. Female to male ratio was 1.8:1. Duration of the presenting symptoms before reporting to the hospital was <1 week in 16 (53%), 1-2 week in 11 (37%) and >2 week in 3 (10%). Mean IOP was 40.7mmHg preoperatively. Visual Acuity was perception of light in 16 (53.33%) and hand movements in 14 (46.66%) preoperatively. Postoperative visual acuity at 6 weeks was 6/6-6/12 in 19(63.33),6/18-6/60 in 8 (27%), <6/60 in 3 (10). Following surgery 28 of 30 eyes (93.33%) had IOP less than 21 mmHg at discharge. Fellow eye showed pseudophakia in 18 (60%), immature cataract in 12 (40%).

Cataract surgery proves to be effective in lowering the intraocular pressure and visual recovery in phacolytic glaucoma.
Clinical study and management of various ocular manifestations in hypertensive patients at tertiary eye care centre in South India
Authors: Sultana Aliya
Published: February 2022

Aim of our study is to study the various ocular manifestations and management in hypertensive patients.

This was retrospective interventional study conducted over a period of 5 years from January 2016 to December 2020.

All patients of all age group having primary and secondary hypertension, referred from physicians for screening were included.

Patients with associated diabetes mellitus were excluded.

421 patients who presented to our retina clinic underwent detail ocular and systemic examination. BCVA, slit lamp examination, fundus examination, B scan, OCT, FFA and documentation done in all cases. Patients presented with various ocular manifestations were managed based on the clinical status. Consent was taken for the management.

Patients with ischemic retina showed poor outcome, patients with early presentation showed good outcome.

Hypertension is one comorbidity which is responsible for eye problems, need frequent screening, fundus examination is non-invasive procedure which helps in detecting the vascular changes early.
Ponderando direitos e interesses: objeções à tese da assimetria de Frederick Schauer
Authors: Klatt Matthias
Published: February 2022

Fred Schauer argumenta que o último passo do teste de proporcionalidade, a ponderação, está sujeita a uma assimetria significativa. Embora se pudesse ponderar interesses, direitos não poderiam ser ponderados, sob pena do status normativo dos direitos ser destruído. Se essa assimetria existir, a aplicabilidade da ponderação seria significativamente limitada. Inicialmente, será analisada a tese da assimetria e discutido os seus pontos fortes e fracos. Em seguida, será demonstrado a possibilidade de acomodar os fundamentos da tese de Schauer em consideração a ponderação na teoria dos princípios. Por fim, a tese de Schauer será rejeitada. Este artigo confirma que a aplicação da proporcionalidade suporta a ponderação de direitos e interesses.
O direito à vida dos condenados à prisão perpétua na itália: uma análise da jurisprudência italiana e europeia
Authors: Caterini Mario , Rizzo Minelli Giulia
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo aborda o direito à vida mediante uma dupla perspectiva. Se de um lado a proteção à vida deve induzir o legislador a introduzir determinadas sanções para protegê-lo contra agressões injustificadas, de outro lado, a pretensão punitiva do Estado não pode exclusivamente consistir, em qualquer caso, na neutralização do ofensor eternamente. Isso pois, haveria uma exploração da condição humana para fins criminais bem como seria contraditório a pena como função reeducadora, conforme determinam a dignidade da pessoa humana e o artigo 27, §3° da Constituição Italiana. Um prejuízo similar deve ser reconhecido no caso da prisão pela vida inteira, como uma pena perpétua – que limita, como será visto, qualquer possibilidade de liberação do condenado e frustração das suas expectativas e esperanças. Particularmente, este trabalho examinará desenvolvimentos jurisprudenciais recentes da Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos e da Corte Constitucional sobre prisão perpétua, buscando iluminar a ilegalidade não apenas em virtude do chamado “impedimento de prisão perpétua” (como recentemente afirmado pelos tribunais citados), mas, de forma mais geral.