bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The ACOUCOU platform: Online acoustic education developed by an interdisciplinary team
Authors: Jaruszewska Karolina , Melon Manuel , Dazel Olivier , Vorländer Michael , Rychtáriková Monika , Horvat Marko , Wulfrank Thomas , Herweg Andreas , Aspöck Lukas , Sluyts Yannick , Jambrošić Kristian , Carayol Emilie , Wojtyła Błażej , Łuczak Marcin , Chmelík Vojtech
Published: September 2022

The ACOUCOU platform is a web-based, interactive, acoustics training platform that includes a set of free educational materials in various technical fields of acoustics. Educational materials are designed to serve as a modern self-development tool for students and engineers, as well as a comprehensive solution for professional education in the work environment. On the other hand, the provided materials of the platform can be a useful tool, supporting teachers, company researchers, and academic lecturers in the process of teaching acoustics. The ACOUCOU platform is a part of a strategic plan for expanding and strengthening acoustic knowledge web-based tools and supporting the development of innovative teaching methods based on attractive and effective delivery of digital content, and best practices at national and international levels. It addresses the challenge of a lack of experts in the acoustics field and the growing needs of the market.
Canary in the Coal Mine: How Resistance Surveillance in Commensals Could Help Curb the Spread of AMR in Pathogenic
Neisseria
Authors: Goytia Maira , Wadsworth Crista B.
Published: September 2022

Contemporary increases in the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
populations is a direct threat to global public health and the effective treatment of gonorrhea. Substantial effort and financial support are being spent on identifying resistance mechanisms circulating within the gonococcal population.
Plasmodium falciparum CRK5 Is Critical for Male Gametogenesis and Infection of the Mosquito
Authors: Kumar Sudhir , Gargaro Olivia R. , Kappe Stefan H. I.
Published: September 2022

Gametocytes are parasite sexual stages which differentiate from asexually replicating parasites. These stages are necessary for the completion of sexual phase of the parasite life cycle.
Niemann-Pick Type C Proteins Are Required for Sterol Transport and Appressorium-Mediated Plant Penetration of
Colletotrichum orbiculare
Authors: Kodama Sayo , Kajikawa Naoki , Fukada Fumi , Kubo Yasuyuki
Published: September 2022

Fungal morphogenesis requires accurate cell cycle progression. Two-component GTPase-activating protein (GAP) CoBub2-CoBfa1 interacts with downstream GTPase CoTem1 and is required for G
1
/S progression to establish plant infection in
Colletotrichum orbiculare.
To understand the pathogenicity related functions of CoTem1 downstream, we identified a Niemann-Pick type C2 homolog (CoNpc2) as a novel physical interaction factor with CoTem1.
PopB-PcrV Interactions Are Essential for Pore Formation in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Type III Secretion System Translocon
Authors: Kundracik Emma , Trichka Josephine , Díaz Aponte José , Roistacher Alicia , Rietsch Arne
Published: September 2022

Type III secretion systems are integral to the pathogenesis of many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. A hallmark of these secretion systems is that they deliver effector proteins vectorially into the targeted host cell via a translocation pore.
Whole-Genome Sequencing of the Tropical Marine Bacterium Nocardiopsis dassonvillei NCIM 5124, Containing the Ectoine Biosynthesis Gene Cluster
ectABC
Authors: Kadam Pratik , Kajale Swapnil , Sharma Avinash , Dhotre Dhiraj , Barvkar Vitthal , Shouche Yogesh , Zinjarde Smita
Published: September 2022

The genome sequence (7,057,619 bp; GC content, 72.07%) of a tropical marine isolate,
Nocardiopsis dassonvillei
NCIM 5124, containing the biomedically and biotechnologically important gene cluster
ectABC
is reported here.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas mandelii Strain 29, Isolated from the Desert Truffle Terfezia claveryi
Authors: Guarnizo Ángel Luigi , Morte Asunción , Navarro-Ródenas Alfonso
Published: September 2022

Here, we report the genome sequence of the mycorrhizal helper bacterium (MHB)
Pseudomonas mandelii
strain 29. This is the genome of an MHB associated with ascocarps of the desert truffle
Terfezia claveryi
. The genome is complete and consists of 6,302,122 bp and 5,812 predicted protein-coding sequences.
Draft Genome Sequences of 25 Mycobacterium marinum Strains Isolated from Animals and Environmental Components in Aquaria and an Aquaculture Farm
Authors: Komine Takeshi , Fukano Hanako , Inohana Mari , Hoshino Yoshihiko , Kurata Osamu , Wada Shinpei
Published: September 2022

Mycobacterium marinum
is a ubiquitous nontuberculous
mycobacterium
that causes infections in various animals. Here, we report the annotated draft genome sequences of 25 strains isolated from vertebrates, invertebrates, and environmental components in aquaria and an aquaculture farm in Japan, sampled between 2015 and 2020.
Methylocystis
sp. Strain SC2 Acclimatizes to Increasing NH
4
+
Levels by a Precise Rebalancing of Enzymes and Osmolyte Composition
Authors: Guo Kangli , Hakobyan Anna , Glatter Timo , Paczia Nicole , Liesack Werner
Published: September 2022

In addition to reducing CH
4
emissions from wetlands and landfills, the activity of alphaproteobacterial methane oxidizers of the genus
Methylocystis
contributes to the sink capacity of forest and grassland soils for atmospheric methane. The methane-oxidizing activity of
Methylocystis
spp. is, however, sensitive to high NH
4
+
concentrations.
Impact of Molecular Syndromic Diagnosis of Severe Pneumonia in the Management of Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Stafylaki Dimitra , Maraki Sofia , Vaporidi Katerina , Georgopoulos Dimitrios , Kontoyiannis Dimitrios P. , Kofteridis Diamantis P. , Chamilos Georgios
Published: September 2022

The impact of syndromic molecular diagnosis in the management of nosocomial infections caused by MDR/XDR pathogens has been incompletely characterized. We evaluated the performance of a molecular syndromic platform (BioFire FilmArray -Pneumonia plus Panel) in 79 patients with pneumonia in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a University Hospital in Greece over a 2-year period (2018–2020) compared to 40 control patients diagnosed with pneumonia in the ICU the year before the study (2017–2018).
Home-based management of neonatal sepsis: 23 years of sustained implementation and effectiveness in rural Gadchiroli, India, 1996–2019
Authors: Bang Abhay , Baitule Sanjay , Deshmukh Mahesh , Bang Anand , Duby Jessica
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Although hospitalisation remains the preferred management for neonatal sepsis, it is often not possible in resource-limited settings. The Home-Based Newborn Care (HBNC) study in Gadchiroli, India (1995–1998) was the first trial to demonstrate that neonatal sepsis can be managed in the community. HBNC continues to operate in Gadchiroli. In 2015, WHO recommended community-based management of neonatal sepsis when hospitalisation is not feasible but called for implementation research. We studied the implementation and effectiveness of home-based management of neonatal sepsis over 23 years in Gadchiroli.

Methods

In this cohort study (1996–2019), community health workers (CHWs) visited neonates at home in 39 villages in Gadchiroli, India. CHWs screened, diagnosed sepsis and offered home-based antibiotic treatment if hospitalisation was refused. We evaluated the implementation outcomes of coverage, diagnostic fidelity and adoption. We assessed the association between treatment type and odds of neonatal death using mixed effects logistic regression. Time trends were analysed using the Mann-Kendall test.

Results

CHWs screened 93.8% (17 700/18 874) of neonates (coverage) and correctly diagnosed 89% (1051/1177) of sepsis episodes (diagnostic fidelity). Home-based management was preferred by 88.4% (929/1051) of parents (adoption), with 5.6 percent of total neonates receiving antibioties at home. Compared with neonates treated at home, the adjusted odds of death was 5.27 (95% CI 1.91 to 14.58) times higher when parents refused all treatment, 2.17 (95% CI 1.07 to 4.41) times higher when CHWs missed the diagnosis and 5.45 (95% CI 2.74 to 10.87) times higher when parents accepted hospital referral. Implementation outcomes remained consistent over 23 years (coverage p=0.57; fidelity p=0.57; adoption p=0.26; mortality p=0.71). The rate of facility births increased (p<0.01) and the sepsis incidence decreased (p<0.05) over 23 years.

Conclusion

Implementation of home-based management of neonatal sepsis was sustainable and effective over 23 years. During this period, the need for home-based management in Gadchiroli is declining. Home-based management is advised where sepsis remains a major cause of neonatal mortality and hospital access is limited.
‘Improving smart medication management’: an online expert discussion
Authors: Bates David W , Cheng Hsiang-Yin , Cheung NT , Jew Rita , Mir Fraz , Tamblyn Robyn , Li Yu-Chuan
Published: September 2022

Medication safety continues to be a problem inside and outside the hospital, partly because new smart technologies can cause new drug-related challenges to prescribers and patients. Better integrated digital and information technology (IT) systems, improved education on prescribing for prescribers and greater patient-centred care that empowers patients to take control of their medications are all vital to safer and more effective prescribing. In July 2021, a roundtable discussion was held as a spin-off meeting of the International Forum on Quality and Safety in Health Care Europe 2021 to discuss challenges and future direction in smart medication management. This manuscript summarises the discussion focusing on the aspects of digital and IT systems, safe prescribing, improved communication and education, and drug adherence.
Emergency department and urgent care clinician perspectives on digital access to past medical histories
Authors: Bowden Thomas Campbell , Lyell David , Coiera Enrico
Published: September 2022

Objective

To explore emergency department (ED) and urgent care (UC) clinicians’ perceptions of digital access to patients’ past medical history (PMH).

Methods

An online survey compared anticipated and actual value of access to digital PMH. UTAUT2 (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2) was used to assess technology acceptance. Quantitative data were analysed using Mann-Whitney U tests and qualitative data were analysed using a general inductive approach.

Results

33 responses were received. 94% (16/17) of respondents with PMH access said they valued their PMH system and all respondents with no digital PMH access (100%; 16/16) said they believed access would be valuable. Both groups indicated a high level of technology acceptance across all UTAUT2 dimensions. Free-text responses suggested improvements such as increasing the number of patient records available, standardisation of information presentation, increased system reliability, expanded access to information and validation by authoritative/trusted sources.

Discussion

Non-PMH respondents’ expectations were closely matched with the benefits obtained by PMH respondents. High levels of technology acceptance indicated a strong willingness to adopt. Clinicians appeared clear about the improvements they would like for PMH content and access. Policy implications include the need to focus on higher levels of patient participation, and increasing the breadth and depth of information and processes to ensure patient record curation and stewardship.

Conclusion

There appears to be strong clinician support for digital access to PMH in ED and UC; however, current systems appear to have many shortcomings.
Development of automated HIV case reporting system using national electronic medical record in Thailand
Authors: Yingyong Thitipong , Aungkulanon Suchunya , Saithong Wasun , Jantaramanee Supiya , Phokhasawad Kanjanakorn , Fellows Ian , Naiwatanakul Thananda , Mobnarin Jariya , Charoen Narong , Waikayee Paiboon , Northbrook Sanny Chen
Published: September 2022

Background

An electronic medical record (EMR) has the potential to improve completeness and reporting of notifiable diseases. We developed and assessed the validity of an HIV case detection algorithm and deployed the final algorithm in a national automated HIV case reporting system in Thailand.

Methods

The HIV case detection algorithms leveraged a combination of standard laboratory codes, prescriptions and International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision diagnostic codes to identify potential cases. The initial algorithm was applied to the national EMR from 2014 to June 2020 to identify HIV-infected subjects to build the national HIV case reporting system (Epidemiological Intelligence Information System (EIIS)). A subset of potential positives identified by the initial algorithm were then validated and reviewed by infectious disease specialists. This review identified that a proportion of the false positives were due to pre-exposure prophylaxis/postexposure prophylaxis (PrEP/PEP) antiretrovirals, and so the algorithm was refined into a ‘Final Algorithm’ to address this.

Results

Positive predictive value of identifying HIV cases was 90% overall for the initial algorithm. Individuals misclassified as HIV-positive were HIV-negative patients with incorrect diagnostic codes, prescription records for PrEP, PEP and hepatitis B treatment. Additional revision to the algorithm included triple drug regimen to avoid further misclassification. The final HIV case detection algorithm was applied to national EMR between 2014 and 2020 with 449 088 HIV-infected subjects identified from 1496 hospitals. EIIS was designed by applying the final algorithm to automated extract HIV cases from the national EMR, analysing them and then transmitting the results to the Ministry of Public Health.

Conclusions

EMR data can complement traditional provider-based and laboratory-based disease reports. An automated algorithm incorporating laboratory, diagnosis codes and prescriptions have the potential to improve completeness and timeliness of HIV reporting, leading to the implementation of a national HIV case reporting system.
2 Cardiopulmonary exercise testing excludes clinically significant disease in military patients recovering from COVID-19
Authors: Chamley Rebecca , Holdsworth David , Barker-Davies Robert , Bennett Alexander , O’Sullivan Oliver , Ladlow Peter , Houston Andrew , May Samantha , Mulae Joseph , Xie Cheng , Cranley Mark , Sellon Ed , Naylor Jon , Halle Martin , Parati Gianfranco , Davos Constantinos , Nicol Ed
Published: September 2022

Background

Post-COVID-19 syndrome presents a challenge when determining the occupational grading of symptomatic military personnel, and their ability to deploy. In particular, the accurate assessment of patients with post COVID-19 syndrome is complicated by health anxiety and coincident symptomatic autonomic dysfunction. We therefore sought to determine whether either symptoms or objective cardiopulmonary exercise testing could predict clinically significant findings in the UK Armed Forces.

Methods

113 consecutive patients were assessed in a post COVID-19 military clinical assessment pathway. This included symptom reporting, history, examination, spirometry, echocardiography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in all, with chest CT, dual-energy CTPA and cardiac MRI where indicated. Symptoms, CPET findings and presence/absence of significant pathology were reviewed. Data were analysed to identify diagnostic strategies that may be used to exclude significant disease.

Results

7/113 (6%) patients had clinically significant disease adjudicated by cardiothoracic multi-disciplinary team. These patients had reduced fitness (&Vdot;O2 26.7(±5·1) vs. 34.6(±7·0) ml/kg/min; p = 0·002) and functional capacity (peak power 200 (±36) vs. 247 (±55) Watts; p = 0·026) compared to those without significant disease. Simple CPET criteria (&Vdot;O2 <100% predicted and VE/&Vdot;CO2 slope >30.0 or VE/&Vdot;CO2 slope >35.0 in isolation) excluded significant disease with sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 83% respectively (AUC 0.89). The addition of capillary blood gases to estimate A-a gradient improved diagnostic performance to 100% sensitivity and 78% specificity (AUC 0.92). Symptoms and spirometry did not discriminate significant disease.

Conclusion

UK Armed Forces personnel with persistent symptoms post SARS-CoV-2 infection demonstrate reassuringly little organ pathology. CPET and functional capacity testing, but not reported symptoms, allow the exclusion of clinically significant disease.
Chronic disease care integration into primary care services in sub-Saharan Africa: a ‘best fit’ framework synthesis and new conceptual model
Authors: Harrison Simon R , Jordan Aileen M
Published: September 2022

Objective

To examine the relevance of existing chronic care models to the integration of chronic disease care into primary care services in sub-Saharan Africa and determine whether additional context-specific model elements should be considered.

Design

‘Best fit’ framework synthesis comprising two systematic reviews. First systematic review of existing chronic care conceptual models with construction of a priori framework. Second systematic review of literature on integrated HIV and diabetes care at a primary care level in sub-Saharan Africa, with thematic analysis carried out against the a priori framework. New conceptual model constructed from a priori themes and new themes. Risk of bias of included studies was assessed using CASP and MMAT.

Eligibility criteria

Conceptual models eligible for inclusion in construction of a priori framework if developed for a primary care context and described a framework for long-term management of chronic disease care. Articles eligible for inclusion in second systematic review described implementation and evaluation of an intervention or programme to integrate HIV and diabetes care into primary care services in SSA.

Information sources

PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Plus, Global Health and Global Index Medicus databases searched in April 2020 and September 2022.

Results

Two conceptual models of chronic disease care, comprising six themes, were used to develop the a priori framework. The systematic review of primary research identified 16 articles, within which all 6 of the a priori framework themes, along with 5 new themes: Improving patient access, stigma and confidentiality, patient-provider partnerships, task-shifting, and clinical mentoring. A new conceptual model was constructed from the a priori and new themes.

Conclusion

The a priori framework themes confirm a need for co-ordinated, longitudinal chronic disease care integration into primary care services in sub-Saharan Africa. Analysis of the primary research suggests integrated care for HIV and diabetes at a primary care level is feasible and new themes identified a need for a contextualised chronic disease care model for sub-Saharan Africa.
TEM8 Tri-specific Killer Engager binds both tumor and tumor stroma to specifically engage natural killer cell anti-tumor activity
Authors: Kaminski Michael F , Bendzick Laura , Hopps Rachel , Kauffman Marissa , Kodal Behiye , Soignier Yvette , Hinderlie Peter , Walker Joshua T , Lenvik Todd R , Geller Melissa A , Miller Jeffrey S , Felices Martin
Published: September 2022

Background

The tumor microenvironment contains stromal cells, including endothelial cells and fibroblasts, that aid tumor growth and impair immune cell function. Many solid tumors remain difficult to cure because of tumor-promoting stromal cells, but current therapies targeting tumor stromal cells are constrained by modest efficacy and toxicities. TEM8 is a surface antigen selectively upregulated on tumor and tumor stromal cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts that may be targeted with specific natural killer (NK) cell engagement.

Methods

A Tri-specific Killer Engager (TriKE) against TEM8—‘cam1615TEM8’—was generated using a mammalian expression system. Its function on NK cells was assessed by evaluation of degranulation, inflammatory cytokine production, and killing against tumor and stroma cell lines in standard co-culture and spheroid assays. cam1615TEM8-mediated proliferation and STAT5 phosphorylation in NK cells was tested and compared with T cells by flow cytometry. NK cell proliferation, tumor infiltration, and tumor and tumor-endothelium killing by cam1615TEM8 and interleukin-15 (IL-15) were assessed in NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice.

Results

cam1615TEM8 selectively stimulates NK cell degranulation and inflammatory cytokine production against TEM8-expressing tumor and stromal cell lines. The increased activation translated to superior NK cell killing of TEM8-expressing tumor spheroids. cam1615TEM8 selectively stimulated NK cell but not T cell proliferation in vitro and enhanced NK cell proliferation, survival, and tumor infiltration in vivo. Finally, cam1615TEM8 stimulated NK cell killing of tumor and tumor endothelial cells in vivo.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that the cam1615TEM8 TriKE is a novel anti-tumor, anti-stroma, and anti-angiogenic cancer therapy for patients with solid tumors. This multifunctional molecule works by selectively targeting and activating NK cells by costimulation with IL-15, and then targeting that activity to TEM8+ tumor cells and TEM8+ tumor stroma.
New morphological parameter for intracranial aneurysms and rupture risk prediction based on artificial neural networks
Authors: Yang Hyeondong , Cho Kwang-Chun , Kim Jung-Jae , Kim Yong Bae , Oh Je Hoon
Published: September 2022

Background

Numerous studies have evaluated the rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms using morphological parameters because of their good predictive capacity. However, the limitation of current morphological parameters is that they do not always allow evaluation of irregularities of intracranial aneurysms. The purpose of this study is to propose a new morphological parameter that can quantitatively describe irregularities of intracranial aneurysms and to evaluate its performance regarding rupture risk prediction.

Methods

In a retrospective study, conventional morphological parameters (aspect ratio, bottleneck ratio, height-to-width ratio, volume to ostium ratio, and size ratio) and a newly proposed morphological parameter (mass moment of inertia) were calculated for 125 intracranial aneurysms (80 unruptured and 45 ruptured aneurysms). Additionally, hemodynamic parameters (wall shear stress and strain) were calculated using computational fluid dynamics and fluid–structure interaction. Artificial neural networks trained with each parameter were used for rupture risk prediction.

Results

All components of the mass moment of inertia (Ixx, Iyy, and Izz) were significantly higher in ruptured cases than in unruptured cases (p values for Ixx, Iyy, and Izzwere 0.032, 0.047, and 0.039, respectively). When the conventional morphological and hemodynamic parameters as well as the mass moment of inertia were considered together, the highest performance for rupture risk prediction was obtained (sensitivity 96.3%; specificity 85.7%; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.921).

Conclusions

The mass moment of inertia would be a useful parameter for evaluating aneurysm irregularity and hence its risk of rupture. The new approach described here may help clinicians to predict the risk of aneurysm rupture more effectively.
Operator assessment versus core laboratory adjudication of recanalization following endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed K , Shehata Mostafa A , Ghozy Sherief , Bilgin Cem , Jabal Mohamed Sobhi , Heiferman Daniel M , Kadirvel Ramanathan , Kallmes David F
Published: September 2022

Background

Successful recanalization after endovascular thrombectomy serves as the primary endpoint in clinical trials and is a crucial predictor of long-term outcomes. Radiographic outcomes for various interventions have been shown to vary based on the type of interpreter, including the site interventionalist compared with an independent reader.

Objective

To compare angiographic outcomes in stroke thrombectomy procedures based on the type of reader.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web-of-Science through February 2022. We included primary studies that reported core laboratory-read and operator angiographic outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy for ischemic stroke. Furthermore, study-defined successful recanalization data were collected.

Results

Eight studies were included with 4797 patients, 51.2% of whom were male. Four thousand, four hundred and thirty-one patients had core readings, and 4211 had operator readings. Study-defined successful recanalization was significantly higher for operator (84%, 3543/4211) examinations than for core laboratory-read (78.4%, 3476/4431) examinations (p<0.001; OR=1.462, 95% CI 1.175 to 1.819). The modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) scale score of ≥2 b was higher for operator (85%, 3341/3929) examinations than for core laboratory-read (78.6%, 3107/3952) examinations (p<0.001; OR=1.349, 95% CI 1.071 to 1.701). mTICI 3 was significantly higher for operator (54.6%, 1000/1832) examinations than for core laboratory-read (39.9%, 731/1832) examinations (p<0.001; OR=1.823, 95% CI 1.598 to 2.081).

Conclusion

Operator angiographic reads are statistically significantly higher than core laboratory-read readings following stroke thrombectomy, especially for complete recanalization. These differences should be considered when interpreting reports of angiographic outcomes after thrombectomy.
Susceptibility weighted imaging for ruptured basilar artery perforator aneurysms in the setting of angiographically negative subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Zhu François , Liao Liang , Bracard Serge , Derelle Anne-Laure , Muszynski Patricio , Merlot Isabelle , Planel Sophie , Schmitt Emmanuelle , Braun Marc , Gory Benjamin , Anxionnat René
Published: September 2022

Background

Ruptured basilar artery perforator aneurysms (BAPAs), defined as microaneurysms which develop in basilar perforator arteries without direct involvement of the basilar trunk, represent a rare cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The diagnosis of BAPAs is difficult because of their small size, with high rates of negative angiography. The development of high-resolution MRI could increase the diagnostic performance. In this study we describe the usefulness of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) for the diagnosis of ruptured BAPAs.

Methods

In a case series, we retrospectively collected data of patients admitted to our institution from 2018 to 2021 for SAH with negative CT angiography who underwent MRI (including SWI) and DSA during hospitalization.

Results

Eight patients with a definitive diagnosis of ruptured BAPA and five patients with a definitive diagnosis of angiogram-negative SAH were included. In all of the patients with BAPAs MRI showed a focal, thick, semi-circumferential SWI hypointensity covering the vessel wall at the level of the BAPA subsequently revealed on DSA; this phenomen is known as ‘SWI capping’. No SWI capping was observed in the five patients with a definitive diagnosis of angiogram-negative SAH.

Conclusion

SWI capping appears to be a reliable indirect sign for the diagnosis and localization of ruptured BAPAs, a rare form of microaneurysm easily misdiagnosed on DSA in initial angiogram-negative SAH.
Endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke in patients with active malignancy: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
Authors: Jhou Hong-Jie , Yang Li-Yu , Chen Po-Huang , Lee Cho-Hao
Published: September 2022

Background

Active malignancy has a poorer prognosis and more deaths in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The outcomes of endovascular therapy (EVT) remain controversial in patients with AIS and active malignancy.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase for articles published up to June 1, 2022. The primary outcome was good functional outcome at 3 months and successful reperfusion between patients with cancer and AIS and control patients. The secondary and safety outcomes included mortality at 3 months, in-hospital mortality, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), any ICH, and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Results

Twelve studies involving 5944 patients with AIS secondary to EVT were included (389 patients having active malignancy). The OR of good functional outcome at 3 months was 0.53 (95% CI 0.41 to 0.67) between the two groups. The OR of successful reperfusion between the two groups was 0.90 (95% CI 0.63 to 1.30). Compared with patients without cancers, those with cancers had a higher risk of mortality at 3 months (OR 3.64; 95% CI 2.35 to 6.27) and in-hospital mortality (OR 3.46; 95% CI 1.71 to 7.01). Despite a higher point estimate regarding any ICH (OR 1.41; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.96) and SAH (OR 2.53; 95% CI 1.10 to 5.81), sICH (OR 0.85; 95% CI 0.51 to 1.42) was not significant.

Conclusion

Although a quarter of patients with active malignancy and AIS regained functional independence, physicians and patients should consider whether to apply EVT in patients with active malignancy.
Micromorphology of leaflets of Senna series Bacillares (Leguminosae) and its taxonomic significance
Authors: Souto Flávio Sousa , Lima e Silva Anauara , Vital dos Santos Edinalva Alves , Agra Maria de Fátima
Published: September 2022

Senna ser. Bacillares (Benth.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby comprises approximately 50 species, 23 of which are found in Brazil. Micromorphological studies of the leaflet epidermis were performed on ten species of Senna ser. Bacillares collected in the Atlantic Forest north of the São Francisco River, in Northeastern Brazil, to identify qualitative and quantitative characters supporting their taxonomy. All species showed a uniseriate epidermis, hypostomatic leaflets, and more than one type of stomata (the paracytic type being predominant). Different types of epicuticular waxes were observed, including microplatelets as rosettes (characteristic of Fabaceae), fissured layers, and membranous platelets. A glabrous epidermis on both surfaces was characteristic of Senna splendida (Vogel) H.S.Irwin & Barneby, and disperse trichomes were observed on the abaxial surface of Senna quinquangulata (Rich.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby. Straight to curved anticlinal cell walls were observed in most species, the curved pattern was exclusive to Senna quinquangulata and sinuous types on the abaxial surfaces of Senna macranthera (DC. ex Collad.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby and Senna splendida. A papillose epidermis on the abaxial surface was common to seven species. Four types of stomata were observed, including the anomotetracytic type, which has not been previously reported in Senna Mill. Spherical crystals and crystal sand are reported here for Senna for the first time. Those sets of micromorphological characters provide additional subsidies for the taxonomy of Senna ser. Bacillares, as well as for the genus Senna.
Numerical simulation of hydraulic characteristics of an upstream wing submerged T-shaped groyne
Authors: Zhang LiYuan , Xu JianQiang , Zhang FaXing , Cai AiLing , Song ZhaoMing
Published: September 2022

Groynes can prevent erosion of banks. In this study, an upstream wing submerged T-shaped groyne (ST) was proposed. The hydraulic characteristics and the bed elevation of the proposed groyne were compared with those of a T-shaped groyne. Under the consideration of the flow field measurements of a 60° bend movable bed experiment, a digital terrain after the bed development was obtained, using laser scanning technology. The flow field numerical simulation was performed with this digital terrain as the boundary. The results demonstrated that in comparison with the T-shaped groyne, the depth-averaged velocity of ST near the groyne head decreased by 14%, the length of the back-flow zone behind the ST was shortened by about 36%, and the streamlines near the wing of the groyne were smoother. Additionally, the scour depth in the range of the groyne increased by about 0.2 times the approaching flow depth H.
Using cultivated organic soil depth to form soil conservation management zones
Authors: Deragon Raphaël , Julien Anne-Sophie , Dessureault-Rompré Jacynthe , Caron Jean
Published: September 2022

Cultivated Organic soils in Montreal's southwest plain are the most productive soils in the province of Quebec. After their initial drainage to enable farming, Organic soils are susceptible to many forms of degradation and soil loss. In this study, we characterized the physical, chemical, and pedological properties of 114 sites from five peatlands to form soil conservation management zones. We attempted to use the maximum peat thickness (MPT) as a soil degradation proxy. The MPT can be defined as the thickness of the layer of peat until coprogenous or mineral materials are reached. The latter are undesired growing media and are not considered in MPT calculation. A series of multivariate analysis of variance indicated that MPT was moderately related to soil degradation (optimal model's Pillai's trace = 0.495). Three soil degradation groups were defined, separated by two MPT thresholds: 60 and 100 cm. When looking at 17 different depth-property combinations, shallower sites (MPT < 60 cm) showed signs of soil degradation significantly higher than sites with an MPT above 60 cm. The second threshold was proposed for practical purposes. Then, these thresholds were used to separate the study area into spatially distinct management zones. Important spatial contrasts were found. This supports the theory that precision agriculture techniques are needed to target fields to optimize soil conservation interventions. The relationship between the MPT and soil degradation should be further explored to account for other degradation factors, and to better identify degraded soils and soils at risk.
Investigating the structure of gluon fluctuations in the proton with incoherent diffraction at HERA
Authors: Kumar Arjun , Toll Tobias
Published: September 2022

Impact parameter dependent dipole models are ideal tools for investigating the spatial structure of the proton. We investigate the incoherent ep cross section in exclusive $$J/\psi $$

J
/
ψ

photoproduction as measured by HERA, and find that as |t| increases, the models need several levels of substructure of gluon density fluctuations in order to describe the measured data well. In lieu of a perturbative description, we add this substructure by hand. This substructure is modelled as hotspots within hotspots. This enables us to describe measurements for $$|t|> 1$$

|
t
|
>
1

 GeV$$^2$$

2

, which is necessary for describing any observable which integrate over the t-spectrum, such as the rapidity or $$W_{\gamma p}$$

W

γ
p

. We find that three levels of proton substructure are adequate for a good description of all available ep data up to $$|t|=30$$

|
t
|
=
30

 GeV$$^2$$

2

. We note that the gluonic density fluctuation structure follows a scaling behaviour, such that the logarithms of the number of hotspots and their size fall on a line, effectively reducing the available parameter space of the model. Our findings systematically constrains and provides a benchmark for the development of a perturbative model of spatial gluon fluctuations in nucleons.
Nonlinear elastic circular rod with lateral inertia and finite radius: Dynamical attributive of longitudinal oscillation
Authors: Khater Mostafa M. A.
Published: September 2022

This study investigates the dynamical attitude of a nonlinear elastic circular rod’s longitudinal oscillation with lateral inertia and finite radius. This model was derived in 1986 by Wei and Gui-tong with a fourth-order nonlinear mixed derivative. The axial symmetry of this model has been thought through by using cylindrical coordinates. Furthermore, the strain and kinetic energy in the length unit of the rod have been determined. Two recent computational (extended Fan-expansion (EFE) and generalized rational (GR)) techniques are employed to construct some novel solitary wave solutions. The soliton wave solutions are obtained using Mathematica 13 software and are given with the distinct physical properties of trigonometric, hyperbolic and rational solution species. The stability of the investigated model and the obtained solutions through the suggested two analytical schemes are tested. Putting different values of the parameters explains these solutions through some numerical simulations in two-dimensional, three-dimensional and contour plots.
THEORETICAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF COMPLEXITIES IN FRACTIONAL-ORDER CHAOTIC SYSTEM HAVING TORUS ATTRACTORS
Authors: XU CHANGJIN , UR RAHMAN MATI , FATIMA BIBI , KARACA YELİZ
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a theoretical and complex numerical analysis of the 2-torus chaotic system with a power-law kernel. Various dynamical characteristics of the complex system are investigated covering existence uniqueness, attractor projection, time series analysis and sensitivity towards initial values. 4-torus attractor coexistence is observed with different fractional orders. The numerical scheme is used to approximate the system numerically which is based on the Newton polynomials. The numerical illustrations of the system demonstrate that moving from higher fractional-order to lower fractional-order affects the dynamics of the system significantly, which in turn has a shrinking impact on the geometry of the oscillatory range. The emergence of new oscillations can also be observed at lower fractional orders, revealing that the system oscillates rapidly with lower amplitudes as compared to those having higher fractional orders.
A Real-World Industrial Application of Particle Swarm Optimization: Baghouse Designing
Authors: Bolourchi Pouya , Gholami Mohammadreza
Published: September 2022

Due to the high ability and flexibility of meta-heuristic algorithms (MAs), they can widely be used in many applications to solve different problems. Recently, real-world engineering applications of these optimization algorithms have attracted researchers’ attention. This paper applies particle swarm optimization (PSO) as an effective population-based MAs to design the baghouse (BH). BH filters are among the most commonly used devices in air pollution control systems in mining and food manufacturers and power plants. Designing the BH depends on several parameters such as its capacity or airflow (Nm3/h), air-to-cloth ratio ([Formula: see text]), cam velocity, and installation limitations. Generally, industrial designers select the number and length of bags and their arrangement based on the experimental observations to meet the parameters mentioned above. The minimum cost or total weight of equipment is utilized for proposing a competitive price for suppliers. In this paper, a PSO algorithm is used to minimize the total cost by finding the best possible design (the number, length, and arrangement of bags). In addition, a real example of installed BH in a pelletizing plant is given and compared with PSO results to investigate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The results suggest that PSO can find a better design with minimum total cost than an installed BH filter, and therefore, PSO is applicable to industrial designers.
The Tortoise and the Hare Algorithm for Finite Lists, Compositionally
Authors: Danvy Olivier
Published: September 2022

In the tortoise-and-hare algorithm, when the fast pointer reaches the end of a finite list, the slow pointer points to the middle of this list. In the early 2000’s, this property was found to make it possible to program a palindrome detector for immutable lists that operates in one recursive traversal of the given list and performs the smallest possible number of comparisons, using the “There And Back Again” (TABA) recursion pattern. In this article, this palindrome detector is reconstructed in OCaml, formalized with the Coq Proof Assistant, and proved to be correct. More broadly, this article presents a compositional account of the tortoise-and-hare algorithm for finite lists. Concretely, compositionality means that programs that use a fast and a slow pointer can be expressed with an ordinary fold function for lists and reasoned about using ordinary structural induction on the given list. This article also contains a dozen new applications of the TABA recursion pattern and of its tail-recursive variant, “There and Forth Again”.
Looking at Patent Law: Detecting Crevice Corrosion in Seawater Piping Systems Using an O-Ring Sensor-A Case Study
Authors: Jennings Taylor E. , Inman Maria
Published: September 2022

In this installment of the “Looking at Patent Law” series, we present a case study of the prosecution events of U.S. Patent No. 5,865,971 directed toward “Sealing Ring with Electrochemical Sensing Electrode." This invention aligns with several divisions of the Electrochemical Society (ECS), including Corrosion (CORR), Industrial Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering (IE&EE), and Sensor (SENS). Notably, the development team for the o-ring crevice corrosion sensor included many members of the ECS. The case study begins with a brief synopsis of the background of the invention followed by 1) summary of key drawings and the specification of the invention, 2) inventor assignment and power of attorney designations, 3) submission of the Invention Disclosure Statement (IDS) and associated Duty of Candor, 4) summary of the non-final office action (NF-OA) and rejection, and 5) applicant response and allowance of the patent application. The case study illustrates the use of a professional search of the prior art and the applicant providing a summary of the prior art in a “Statement of Relevancy.” The “Statement of Relevancy” allowed the applicants to provide a convincing summary of the prior art to the USPTO and to craft well-defined claims avoiding rejections based on lack of novelty and obviousness. With this case study, we hope to de-mystify the patent prosecution process and better prepare electrochemical and solid-state scientists, engineers and technologists to interact with their patent counsel regarding their inventions.
Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Anthropometric Measurements among Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Sudanese Women: Possible Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Elmugadam Abdelgadir , Elfadil Ghada A. , Hamad Abdalrahman Ismail , El Shikieri Ahlam Badreldin , Aledrissy Mawahib , Altayb Hisham N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Data examining the health of menopausal women and the prevalence of osteoporosis remain to be limited in Africa, especially in sub-Saharan countries. Thus, in this current study, we aimed to assess the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and anthropometric measurements of osteoporotic postmenopausal women and determine their risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods. This is a cross-sectional, community-based study. Postmenopausal women (n = 300), aged ≥45 years, were recruited from Khartoum state, Sudan. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess bone density. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured twice. Fasting blood samples (5 ml) were collected to determine total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). AIP was calculated as an indicator of CVD risk. Results. The mean age of the postmenopausal women was 61.6 ± 10.2 years (range 47–90 years). Women (n = 80) had the normal T-score, and an equal number had osteoporosis (n = 110) and osteopenia (n = 110). The prevalence of osteoporosis was 36.7%. Many postmenopausal women with normal T-scores suffered from general (71.2%) and central (94%) obesity. Postmenopausal women had high TC (24.4%), TG (25.6%), LDL-C (13.7%), and low HDL-C (76.0%) levels. Osteoporotic women (36.4%) were found to have a medium to high risk of CVD as determined by AIP. Women with normal T-scores had a higher number of CVD risk factors. A positive correlation was noted between AIP and TC among osteopenic (r = 0.292;

P
=
0.002

) and osteoporotic women (r = 0.265;

P
<
0.001

). Conclusion. Osteoporosis was prevalent among Sudanese postmenopausal women who also had an increased risk for CVD. Public health education about osteoporosis and CVD risk is thus recommended.
Factors Affecting Evaluation of Railway Bulk Freight Rate: A Novel Cloud Theory-Based Approach
Authors: Guo Jingwei , Wang Yimin , Qin Yang , Li Qinglin , Xie Zhongqi , Qin Xin
Published: September 2022

Railway freight rates are seen as a key driving factor of global trade activities, influenced by numerous factors. Given the limitations of fuzziness and randomness of variable quantification in the previous studies, this paper proposes a cognitive cloud model of factors influencing railway bulk goods freight rates. In the cognitive cloud model, randomness and fuzziness are described by three parameters. Furthermore, a cloud generator including forwarding and backward cloud generators is designed to solve the bidirectional conversion between qualitative indicators and quantitative values. In addition, we propose a floating cloud gathering algorithm to determine the weight of the index system to solve the uncertainty problem in the transformation process of qualitative indicators. Finally, the cognitive cloud model and the adapted algorithm are used to perform an in-depth analysis of the affecting factors of Z Railway Bureau freight transport pricing.
Survival Outcomes of Patients with Follicular Lymphoma after Relapse or Progression: A Single-Center Real-World Data Analysis
Authors: Lee Yong-Pyo , Lee Min-Sang , Yoon Sang Eun , Cho Junhun , Bang Yeong Hak , Shim Joon Ho , Kim Won Seog , Kim Seok Jin
Published: September 2022

Background. Follicular lymphoma (FL) is considered incurable because remission and relapse are common. Although various salvage treatment options have been proposed, there is no consensus on treatment strategy for FL patients who failed primary treatment. Methods. This single-center study analyzed postevent overall survival (OS) among 70 patients who experienced relapse or progression after rituximab-containing immunochemotherapy according to type of salvage treatment and nature of relapse or progression. Results. Of 70 patients, 42 experienced progression of disease within 24 months (POD24), and six showed disease progression during first-line treatment. Large-cell transformation was found in nine patients with POD24. At the median follow-up of 104 months (95% CI: 90-118 months), POD24 patients experienced significantly worse OS than patients without POD24, and postevent OS was not satisfactory after conventional salvage chemotherapy because the majority of patients relapsed or progressed. However, autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) after the first relapse resulted in survival prolongation in patients with POD24. Half of the patients (34/67, 51%) participated in at least one clinical trial during treatment after first relapse, and patients participating in at least one clinical trial irrespective of line of treatment tended to experience better survival. Conclusions. Relapsed or refractory FL patients showed various clinical courses and treatment outcomes according to relapse or progression. Consolidation treatment with ASCT and active participation to clinical trials might prolong survival duration, especially in POD24 cases.