bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Efficiency of CTV and HSVd for Early and Mixed Infections Using Bioamplification in Citrus Arizona 861-S1 and RT‒PCR Compared to Direct RT‒PCR
Authors: Henriquez Claudio A. , Riquelme Natalia , Larach Alejandra , Besoain Ximena
Published: January 2024

This study examined the efficiency of a combined diagnostic approach in which bioamplification of Arizona 861 S1 citron was integrated with RT‒PCR to detect Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) and Hop Stunt Viroid (HSVd) in Citrus plants. The capacity of the combined method to diagnose mixed infections of CTV and HSVd, along with early single infections of both pathogens, was assessed by evaluating the incubation periods and differential detection capabilities between the combined and direct methods. The bioamplification method exhibited high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%) for CTV, enabling early detection even in patients with low-titer infections compared to direct RT‒PCR. However, for HSVd, the combined method achieved 50% sensitivity in early infections, highlighting the need for additional replicates to enhance diagnostic reliability. The relative concentrations of pathogens in mixed and simple infections were evaluated; the analysis revealed no significant differences, suggesting minimal interference between CTV and HSVd. This approach allows early detection of CTV but requires further refinement for HSVd diagnosis. These findings underscore the complementary roles of the cost-effectiveness of direct RT‒PCR and the sensitivity of the combined method in implementing effective disease control strategies in citrus crops.
COVID-19 Vaccination Experiences in Social Circles Influence Preferences for COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates: An Online Survey of the United States Population
Authors: Skidmore Mark , Alfaro Fernanda
Published: January 2024

In response to the COVID-19 crisis, decisionmakers in countries around the world adopted policies such as lockdowns, mask requirements, and once vaccines became available, vaccine mandates and vaccine passports. However, political polarization and differences in risk perceptions in the populous generated strong support for and opposition to such measures. This research identifies the factors with support for and against vaccine mandates and vaccine passports. An online survey of COVID-19 health experiences in the United States population was conducted. The survey collected information regarding potential reasons for why respondents might favor or oppose COVID-19 vaccine mandates and vaccine passports, including experiences with COVID-19 illness and COVID-19 vaccinations by respondents and those in their social circles. Analysis using a Logit regression technique was conducted to identify factors influencing the likelihood of opposing vaccine mandates and vaccine passports. The survey was completed by 2,840 participants between December 18 and 23, 2021. Respondents who knew someone who experienced a health problem following vaccination were more likely to oppose vaccine mandates (OR: 2.040, 95% CI: 1.635-2.254, and vaccine passports (OR: 1.691, 95% CI: 1.361-12.101)) Twenty-two percent (612 of 2,840) of respondents reported that they knew at least one person who had experienced a health problem following COVID-19 inoculation. Perceptions of vaccine safety based on personal experiences appear to be an important determinant of opposition to vaccine mandates and vaccine passports.
Learning from the Past Training Trajectories: Regularization by Validation
Authors: Zhang Enzhi , Wahib Mohamed , Zhong Rui , Munetomo Masaharu
Published: January 2024

Deep model optimization methods discard the training weights which contain information about the validation loss landscape that can guide further model optimization. In this paper, we first show that a supervisor neural network can be used to predict the validation losses or accuracy of another deep model (student) through its discarded training weights. Then based on this behavior, we propose a weight-loss (accuracy) pair-based training framework called regularization by validation to help decrease overfitting and increase the generalization performance of the student model by predicting the validation losses. We conduct our experiments on the MNIST, CIFAR-10, and CIFAR-100 datasets with the multilayer perceptron and ResNet-56 to show that we can improve the generalization performance with the past training trajectories.
A Deep Learning Approach for Surgical Instruments Detection System in Total Knee Arthroplasty—Automatic Creation of Training Data and Reduction of Training Time—
Authors: Kasai Ryusei , Nagamune Kouki
Published: January 2024

In total knee arthroplasty (TKA), many surgical instruments are available. Many of these surgical instruments are similar in shape and size. For this reason, there have been accidents due to incorrect selection of implants. Furthermore, a shortage of nurses is expected worldwide. There will also be a shortage of scrub nurses, which will result in an increased burden on each scrub nurse. For these reasons, we have developed a surgical instrument detection system for TKA to reduce the burden on scrub nurses and the number of accidents, such as implant selection errors. This study also focuses on automating the acquisition of data for training. We also develop a method to reduce the additional training time when the number of detection targets increases. In this study, YOLOv5 is used as the object detection method. In experiments, we examine the accuracy of the training data automatically acquired and the accuracy of object detection for surgical instruments. In object detection, several training files are created and compared. The results show that the training data is sufficiently effective, and high accuracy is obtained in object detection. Object detection is performed in several cases, and one of the results shows an IoU of 0.865 and an F-measure of 0.930.
Beszédészlelés és beszédmegértés ikreknél és nem ikreknél
Authors: Gósy Mária , Pregitzer Márta
Published: January 2024

A kutatási eredmények a genetikai tényező mellett a környezeti hatás meghatározó szerepét igazolják a nyelvelsajátításban. Az ikrek anyanyelvi jellemzőinek összevető vizsgálata nem ikergyermekekéivel információt nyújthat az eltérő környezeti hatás következményeiről. Kutatásunkban a beszédészlelés és a beszédmegértés két-két folyamatát elemeztük közel 400 gyermek (5–9 évesek) teszteléses vizsgálata alapján. Az eredmények szerint a beszédhang-differenciálásban jóformán nincs különbség az ikrek és a nem ikrek között, míg a szeriális észlelésben csak a 7 és a 8 évesek esetében nem volt jelentős eltérés kimutatható. A mondatmegértés csak az 5 évesek esetében mutatott különbséget az ikerlét függvényében. A szövegértésben az 5 évesek kivételével az összes vizsgált életkorban a nem ikergyermekek szignifikánsan jobban teljesítettek az ikreknél. Eredményeink felhívják a figyelmet a beszédfeldolgozási nehézségekre és a fejlesztés mielőbbi megkezdésére.
A szociokulturális nyelvi portfólió mint a nyelvi tudatosság módszertana
Authors: Kresztyankó Annamária
Published: January 2024

A tanulmány célja a nyelvi portfólió módszertanának a bemutatása, amely a magyar nyelv- és irodalomtanítás osztálytermi gyakorlatait kapcsolja össze a tanulók mindennapi nyelvi gyakorlataival. Jelen írás elsőként e módszertan elméleti alapjait vázolja fel. Kiindulópontja a szociokulturális nyelvészeti és a vizuális nyelvi megközelítések egyesítése. A nyelvi portfólió a kritikai szociolingvisztika paradigmáját követve a nyelv és az identitás interszubjektív, diszkurzusokban alakuló jellegére helyezi a hangsúlyt, így a tanulmány alapvetően a nyelvi portfólióra mint a tudatosság gyakorlatára fókuszál. Egy osztálytermi kutatáson keresztül szemlélteti a nyelvi portfólió felhasználhatóságát; és kitekintést nyújt cigány kamaszok heteroglosszikus repertoárjaira is, amelyek ugyancsak e portfólió segítségével váltak „láthatóvá”.
Az auditív és a vizuális ingerek hatása a szövegértésre
Authors: Balla Fanni
Published: January 2024

A tanulmány az internet térnyerésével bekövetkező paradigmaváltás szövegértésre gyakorolt hatását vizsgálja. A vizsgálat arra a kérdésre keresi választ, hogy van-e különbség az auditív, a vizuális, illetve az audiovizuális csatornán érkező ingerek befogadása között. A tanulmány a kutatásban részt vevők 6. és 8. osztályban elért eredményeit mutatja be és hasonlítja össze. A szövegértési vizsgálatokban, valamint a fejlesztések során is jellemzően az olvasott szöveg értése kerül előtérbe, jelen munka azonban a hallás utáni szövegértést, illetve az audiovizuális befogadást is vizsgálja. Három olyan foglalkozási tervet is ismertet, amelyekben különféle típusú szövegértés-fejlesztő órai feladatok találhatók. A foglalkozástervek a reklámokat veszik alapul, elősegítve ezzel azt, hogy a diákok tudatos médiafogyasztóvá váljanak. Mindez napjaink anyanyelvi nevelésének a fontos részét képezi.
Adamikné Jászó Anna: Stilisztikai kisszótár. Szóképek, alakzatok és egyéb stíluseszközök szótára (Witzl Balázs)
Authors: Witzl Balázs
Published: January 2024

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Az anyanyelvi érettségi Olaszországban
Authors: Grund Ágnes
Published: January 2024

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Lőrincz Gábor – Lőrincz Julianna – Simon Szabolcs (szerk.): A magyar mint anyanyelv, kisebbségi és idegen nyelv oktatási kérdései és oktatási segédletei (Rási Szilvia)
Authors: Rási Szilvia
Published: January 2024

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Az egyéni tanulói megnyilatkozástípusok jellemzői az osztálytermi diskurzusban
Authors: Asztalos Anikó
Published: January 2024

Korábbi kutatások igazolták, hogy a diákok a tanórákon alig beszélnek, de arról kevesebb információ van, hogy mi jellemzi az egyéni beszédtevékenységüket. A kutatás célja a tanári és a tanulói beszéd megoszlásának a vizsgálata az osztálytermi diskurzusban órafelvételek alapján, valamint a tanulói beszédfordulókban megjelenő megnyilatkozások típusainak a meghatározása. A tanulmány 10 tanóra videós és kamerás tanórafelvételei alapján bemutatja és differenciálja a tanulói megnyilatkozások fajtáit a frontális óraszakaszokban. Továbbá 89 diák egyéni beszédtevékenységének vizsgálata által feltárja, hogy a tanulóknak milyen megnyilatkozásaik vannak, és ezek milyen terjedelműek, milyen arányban vesznek részt az osztálytermi diskurzusban. Célja továbbá annak a módszernek a szemléltetése és leírása is, amelynek segítségével az egyes tanulók tanórai megnyilatkozásai feltárhatók és elemezhetők. Ezáltal a kutatás módszere adaptálható további vizsgálatok elvégzésére is.
A bullying témakörének feldolgozása multimédiás eszközökkel az anyanyelvi órán
Authors: Czoller Viktória
Published: January 2024

A tanulmány az iskolai bántalmazás alapkérdéseit, a szaktanárok felelősségét, jogait és kötelezettségeit, valamint a tanórákban rejlő prevenciós lehetőségeket tematizálja. Az elméleti áttekintés röviden a bullying működési mechanizmusáról szóló ismereteket összegzi, továbbá sorra veszi a pedagógusok, az osztályközösség, az iskola, valamint a szülők hatáskörét az atrocitások visszaszorításában, és további segítő személyeket, szervezeteket nevez meg. Általános pedagógiai irányelveket is közöl, amelyeket egy multimédiás feladat- és tevékenységtár követ magyartanárok számára, illeszkedve az új Nemzeti alap- és kerettantervhez (2020). A téma örökös aktualitásából fakadóan számos preventív, a diákokat megcélzó alkotás születik folyamatosan, emellett elérhetőek színházi alkotások, filmek és irodalmi szövegek is. Ezek nyomon követése és beemelése az anyanyelvi tanórákba korszerű és autentikus oktatást biztosít.
Digitális fogódzó a pedagógusok számára: a Modern Iskola oktatási szakportál és az anyanyelvi nevelés
Authors: Farkas Anett
Published: January 2024

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Sebők Melinda – Papp Ágnes Klára – Török Lajos (szerk.): Kötelezők emelt szinten. Balassitól Borbély Szilárdig. Tanulmánykötet (Varga-Sebestyén Eszter)
Authors: Varga-Sebestyén Eszter
Published: January 2024

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A megújuló Simonyi Zsigmond helyesírási verseny
Authors: Antalné Szabó Ágnes
Published: January 2024

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Hair Cell Regeneration: From Animals to Humans
Authors: Choi Sung-Won , Abitbol Julia M. , Cheng Alan G.
Published: January 2024

Cochlear hair cells convert sound into electrical signals that are relayed via the spiral ganglion neurons to the central auditory pathway. Hair cells are vulnerable to damage caused by excessive noise, aging, and ototoxic agents. Non-mammals can regenerate lost hair cells by mitotic regeneration and direct transdifferentiation of surrounding supporting cells. However, in mature mammals, damaged hair cells are not replaced, resulting in permanent hearing loss. Recent studies have uncovered mechanisms by which sensory organs in non-mammals and the neonatal mammalian cochlea regenerate hair cells, and outlined possible mechanisms why this ability declines rapidly with age in mammals. Here, we review similarities and differences between avian, zebrafish, and mammalian hair cell regeneration. Moreover, we discuss advances and limitations of hair cell regeneration in the mature cochlea and their potential applications to human hearing loss.
Treatment of Chronic Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Stenosing Tenosynovitis Using Ultrasound-Guided Retinaculum Release
Authors: Colberg Ricardo E. , Maisel B.C. , Fleisig Glenn S.
Published: January 2024

Case:

A 65-year-old man with chronic extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) stenosing tenosynovitis who had failed treatments for 3 years was successfully treated with an ultrasound-guided retinaculum release of the sixth dorsal compartment.

Conclusion:

There are limited options in the literature for treating chronic, recalcitrant ECU tenosynovitis. We describe a novel technique in which the retinaculum overlying the ECU tendon was successfully incised under ultrasound guidance to release the sixth dorsal compartment stenosis. There was no recurrence of symptoms in the following 2 years of follow-up.
Partial Removal of Spinal Implants for Pain After Posterior Spinal Fusion for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Tetreault Tyler A. , Gasca Jasmine , Chen Vivian , Andras Lindsay M. , Siddiqui Ali A. , Bennett James T. , Fan Bensen , Illingworth Kenneth D. , Skaggs David L.
Published: January 2024

Cases:

This case report describes 3 patients who developed focal pain and tenderness over prominent spinal implants after posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. All patients elected to proceed with removal of only the symptomatic implants, with good relief of preoperative symptoms. At the latest follow-up, there was no significant change in spinal alignment and all patients had returned to activity.

Conclusion:

Partial removal of symptomatic implants is a viable option after spinal fusion surgery and can effectively relieve focal pain secondary to implant prominence without progression of spinal deformity.
Late Oligocene to Early Pliocene Exhumation and Structural Development in the Western Himalaya, Northern Pakistan: Implications for the Cenozoic Metamorphic Overprint
Authors: Irum Irum , Ghani Humaad , Sobel Edward R. , Zeilinger Gerold , Altenberger Uwe
Published: January 2024

New middle Miocene to Pliocene (~14–3 Ma) apatite fission track (AFT) cooling ages combined with published K–Ar/Ar–Ar and zircon fission track (ZFT) ages from the Hazara and Swat regions of Pakistan are used to explain the Oligocene to Pliocene structural evolution in the Western Himalaya. The structural model explains the distribution of K–Ar/Ar–Ar ages in three distinct age groups (Proterozoic, Paleozoic-Mesozoic, and Eocene to Oligocene). The Proterozoic to Mesozoic sequence of northern Hazara and Swat experienced elevated temperature and pressure conditions, evident by reset Eocene to Oligocene K–Ar/Ar–Ar hornblende and Eocene to Miocene muscovite ages, caused by Kohistan overthrusting the Indian margin during and after the India–Asia collision. Samples from the Indus syntaxis with Paleo to Mesoproterozoic K–Ar/Ar–Ar hornblende ages and Eocene to Oligocene Ar–Ar muscovite ages show no signs of Cenozoic metamorphism; these samples were thermally imprinted up to the Ar–Ar muscovite closure temperature. Neoproterozoic to Lower Paleozoic rocks from the southern parts of Hazara and Swat show Mesozoic to Oligocene partially reset Ar–Ar muscovite ages and preservation of Ordovician metamorphism. The combined analysis of published K–Ar/Ar–Ar (muscovite), ZFT, and new AFT ages (~14–12 Ma) suggests that the Main Central thrust/Panjal thrust was active from Oligocene to early Miocene (~30–18 Ma), and the Nathia-Gali and Main Boundary thrusts were active from the middle to late Miocene (~14–9 Ma) in the Hazara area. New and published AFT ages (~6–3 Ma) from the Indus syntaxis suggest that early Pliocene tectonic thickening in the hinterland formed the N–S trending Indus anticline, creating an erosional half window in the Main Mantle thrust, forming the Indus syntaxis, and dividing the Main Central thrust sheet into the Hazara and Swat segments.
Estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem eficazes para a EJA EAD
Authors: Serpa Diane
Published: January 2024

A Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) desempenha um papel fundamental na promoção da inclusão e igualdade de oportunidades educacionais por meio do Ensino a Distância (EAD). Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem eficazes para a EJA na modalidade EAD, considerando os desafios enfrentados. A relevância desse estudo reside na influência direta das estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem nos resultados educacionais e no engajamento dos estudantes. Através de uma revisão de literatura abrangendo estudos recentes, busca-se identificar abordagens pedagógicas eficazes, vantagens, desafios e resultados obtidos na EJA EAD. Espera-se que este estudo contribua para o avanço do conhecimento e forneça subsídios para educadores, gestores e formuladores de políticas públicas na criação de programas mais eficientes e inclusivos para a EJA EAD. Conclui-se que as estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem eficazes na EJA EAD têm o potencial de transformar a experiência educacional dos estudantes adultos, permitindo que eles desenvolvam seu potencial e alcancem melhores resultados acadêmicos. Ao adotar abordagens personalizadas, promover a interação, utilizar tecnologias, aplicar a avaliação formativa e incentivar a autonomia dos alunos, os educadores podem proporcionar um ambiente de aprendizagem mais inclusivo, estimulante e eficaz para a EJA EAD.
Utilização de softwares livres no levantamento de informações para o Cadastro Técnico Multifinalitário
Authors: Rizzatti Maurício , Batista Natália , Spode Pedro , Trentin Romario , Kayser Luiz
Published: January 2024

As geotecnologias, sobretudo os softwares livres, podem auxiliar no planejamento urbano e regional, como também possibilitar a análise dos aspectos físicos, ambientais e sociais de imóveis urbanos e rurais, como é o caso do Cadastro Técnico Multifinalitário (CTM). Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo utilizar softwares livres para a coleta de informações em campo, de maneira georreferenciada, que permita o levantamento de dados em municípios. Como área de estudo, tem-se a área urbana do Distrito de Arroio Grande, 4º Distrito do município de Santa Maria, no Rio Grande do Sul. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram baseados, em primeiro momento, em breve consulta à bibliografia, com artigos, livros, periódicos, legislação, entre outras publicações. Em segundo momento, organizou-se um projeto no software QGIS 3.18.13, com objetivo de preparar a base de dados para levantamento em trabalho de campo, utilizando o aplicativo QField. Foram levantados em campo 164 lotes na área urbana do Distrito de Arroio Grande e organizados mapas do uso do terreno, passeio, pavimentação da via e uso da economia. Além disso, gerou-se um mapa interativo, organizado através do complemento Qgis2web, em que foi possível consultar todos os elementos coletados em campo, além de permitir a consulta às informações, busca pelos diferentes layers, mensuração de áreas, distância, entre outros. Conclui-se que a utilização de geotecnologias, sobretudo softwares livres e de código aberto, como o QGIS e o QField, permitem a coleta, informação, edição, tratamento e recuperação das informações com diversas finalidades, de forma rápida e eficiente, incluindo para fins de CTM.
The 11th Society of Petroleum Engineers Comparative Solution Project: Problem Definition
Authors: Nordbotten Jan M. , Ferno Martin A. , Flemisch Bernd , Kovscek Anthony R. , Lie Knut-Andreas
Published: January 2024

This article contains the description of, and call for participation in, the 11th Society of Petroleum Engineers Comparative Solution Project (the 11th SPE CSP, https://spe.org/csp). It is motivated by the simulation challenges associated with CO2 storage operations in geological settings of realistic complexity. The 11th SPE CSP contains three versions: Version 11A is a 2D geometry at the laboratory scale, inspired by a recent CO2 storage forecasting and validation study. For Version 11B, the 2D geometry and operational conditions from 11A are rescaled to field conditions characteristic of the Norwegian Continental Shelf. Finally, for Version 11C, the geometry of Version 11B is extruded to a full 3D field model. The CSP has a two-year timeline, being launched at the 2023 SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference and culminating at the 2025 SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference. A community effort is run in parallel to develop utility scripts and input files for common simulators to lower the threshold of participation; see the link to supplementary material on the CSP website. At the time of writing, complete input decks for one simulator are already ready for all three versions.
Improving Reservoir Characterization and Prediction Via Machine Learning-Driven Integration of Subseismic Geologic Concepts, Geophysical Attributes, and Wells
Authors: Stojkovic D. , Shringarpure M. , Kim Y. , Alqassab H. , Rapstine T. , Fedele J. , Fullmer S. , Sain R.
Published: January 2024

Reservoir dynamic performance is affected by subseismic (below the resolution of seismic imaging) geologic features such as submeter thin barriers and baffles, or high-permeability streaks. Here, we present an application of machine learning that has the potential to improve and significantly accelerate the workflow for generating reservoir realizations and scenarios with relevant subseismic features consistent with both well-log and 3D/4D seismic data and/or attributes. We leverage unsupervised machine learning methods, in particular, a modification of diffusion probabilistic modeling (DPM).
Induced defense responses in cacao against Phytophthora palmivora (Butler) by Pseudomonas chlororaphis CP07.
Authors: Miguelez-Sierra Yulien , Bertin Pierre , Hernández-Rodríguez Annia
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Pseudomonas chlororaphis CP07, isolated from the rhizosphere of cacao, on the induction of defense responses in Theobroma cacao L. against Phytophthora palmivora (Butler), the causal agent of black rot of the fruit (black pod rot). The in planta greenhouse trial was carried out to determine the reduction of disease symptoms in plants micrografted with three traditional Cuban cacao genotypes of the Trinitario type on UF 677 hybrid rootstocks. The levels of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) were determined in micrografts of genotype EICB-371. In genotypes EICB-371 and EICB-385 disease severity was significantly reduced in plants pretreated with the bacteria compared to control plants. In contrast, genotype EICB-384 showed no symptom reduction in plants pretreated with the bacterium. PAL enzyme activity was significantly increased in leaves of plants pretreated with CP07 compared to control plants on days 3 and 4 post-infection with the pathogen. The results suggested that, depending on the genotype, strain CP07 had potential in the protection of T. cacao against P. palmivora in soil substrate and that the interaction of this bacterium with the benefited plant activated defense responses related to the increase of PAL activity in leaves.
Silver-modified atraumatic restorative treatment (SMART) in managing carious primary molars: 1-year clinical results
Authors: AKSOY Merve , SARI Makbule Buse DUNDAR , SOZUOZ Melis ARDA , GUNGOR Erva , BAL Cenkhan
Published: January 2024

Background:Silver-modified atraumatic restorative treatment (SMART) is a minimally invasive treatment method that can be utilized for the management of early childhood caries.Aim:To assess the 12-month clinical success of the SMART technique in the management of carious primary molars.Design:The analysis (Modified-United States Public Health Service Criteria) was performed on clinical records (3-6-12 months) of 53 teeth (uncooperative patients, 2-6 years, no spontaneous pain-sensitivity to percussion-palpation) treated with the SMART technique during the pandemic. The teeth were divided into groups by location (mandibular-maxillary) and carious cavities (occlusal, mesio/disto-occlusal, mesio-occlusal-distal). Fisher Exact Chi-Square test was used to determine the relation between the groups andp-value <.05 was accepted as statistically significant.Results:The success rate of retention, marginal discoloration, and secondary caries in the mandible (84.8%), was higher than the values detected in the maxilla (38.5%) and teeth with occlusal caries were significantly more successful at 12-month assessments (p=.038). Mandibular cases and occlusal cavities revealed better results in marginal adaptation assessments (78.8%, and 88.9%, respectively).Conclusion: SMART may be an alternative for the treatment of carious teeth of uncooperative children at least for a period until the child becomes mature to comply with the advanced treatment procedure.
Water Quality Parameter estimation using Landsat-8 data (2014-2021) along the Odisha Coast of India
Authors: Chacko Neethu , Jayaram Chiranjivi
Published: January 2024

Coastal water quality assessment is vital for monitoring the health of marine ecosystems. This work presents a comprehensive study on coastal water quality estimation along the Odisha coast, India, using Landsat-8 imagery. The study encompasses validation of retrieved parameters and the exploration of spatial and temporal variability. Using Landsat-8 data, we estimated key coastal water quality parameters viz., chlorophyll-a concentration and total suspended matter. To ensure the accuracy of the retrieved parameters, we used in-situ data for validation. The validation results demonstrate a relatively high level of agreement between estimated and in-situ parameters, affirming the reliability of Landsat-8 data for coastal water quality assessment in this region. The retrieved concentration of total suspended matter and chlorophyll-a correlate well with the in-situ data (Pearson coefficient = 0.75 and 0.65, respectively). The 8-year averaged total suspended matter maps showed that highly turbid waters were primarily found around the Dhamra estuarine region, with a total suspended matter concentration greater than 50 g/m3. Moreover, our study revealed a significant spatial variability in water quality parameters along the Odisha coast. Additionally, the study highlighted the spatial and temporal variability of these parameters, providing valuable insights for coastal managements and environmental monitoring effects.
Stochastic evolution model for international migration
Authors: Zantout Karim , Schewe Jacob
Published: January 2024

We present a new international migration model that combines stochastic sampling techniques with dynamic accounting of flows by means of evolution equations. Migration flows are sampled from paramaterized probability distributions based on reported migration flow data that is partitioned by socio-economic covariates. This method allows for non-trivial time evolution that goes beyond extrapolation, while requiring minimal prior knowledge about the elusive processes driving migration flows. It thus combines the advantages of different existing modeling approaches. In hindcasts our model compares well with bilateral migrant stock data in many world regions and country income groups. Moreover, we observe a significant difference between the full model and its deterministic formulation, which highlights the non-Gaussian and interdependent nature of migration flow distributions and corroborates the use of a stochastic approach. Our model can be flexibly extended with additional information, e.g. regional migration policies, which are expected to further improve the agreement with data.
Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the livestock, humans and environmental samples around the globe: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tuhamize Barbra , Bazira Joel
Published: January 2024

Introduction and objectives:
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have diminished treatment options causing serious morbidities and mortalities. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the prevalence and associated factors of Enterobacteriaceae infections in clinical, livestock and environmental settings globally.
Data sources:
The population intervention comparison and outcome (PICO) strategy was used to enroll studies using the Preferred Reporting System for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) to include only cross-sectional studies. Search engines included journal author name estimator (JANE), PubMed, Google scholar, African Journals Online (AJOL), World cat, Green version, CrossRef and snow balling of retrieved articles. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of studies.
Results
Sixteen articles from 2013 to 2023 in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America were studied. The pooled prevalence of CRE was 43.06% (95% CI, 21.57 to 66.03). Klebsiella pneumoniae (49.40%), Escherichia coli (26.42%), and Enterobacter cloacae (14.24%) were predominat. Klebsiella pneumoniae had the highest resistance with the blaKPC-2 in addition to blaNDM, blaOXA-48, blaIM and blaVIM. The blaKPC-2 genes occurence were associated with environmental (p. Value < 0.0001) and South American studies (p. Value < 0.0001), but there was no difference in the trends over time (p. Value = 0.745).
Conclusion
This study highlights the high rates of CRE infections, particularly within Klebsiella pneumoniae, especially the blaKPC production. Monitoring and surveillance programs, research and infection control measures should consider be strengthened. Additionally, further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms driving the predominance of specific bacterial species and the distribution of resistance genes within this bacterial family.
Effect of cervical Bishop score on induction of labor at term in primiparas using Foley catheter balloon: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Shu-Fen , Feng Chuan-Shou , Ju Hui-Hui
Published: January 2024

Background
Recent studies had found that the mechanical methods were as effective as pharmacological methods in achieving vaginal delivery. However, whether balloon catheter induction is suitable for women with severe cervical immaturity and whether it will increase the related risks still need to be further explored.
Research aim
: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Foley catheter balloon for labor induction at term in primiparas with different cervical scores.
Methods
A total of 688 primiparas who received cervical ripening with a Foley catheter balloon were recruited in this study. They were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (Bishop score ≤ 3) and Group 2 (3 < Bishop score < 7). Detailed medical data before and after using of balloon were faithfully recorded.
Results
The cervical Bishop scores of the two groups after catheter placement were all significantly higher than those before (Group 1: 5.49 ± 1.31 VS 2.83 ± 0.39, P<0.05; Group 2: 6.09 ± 1.00 VS 4.45 ± 0.59, P<0.05). The success rate of labor induction in group 2 was higher than that in group 1 (P<0.05). The incidence of intrauterine infection in Group 1 was higher than that in Group 2 (18.3% VS 11.3%, P<0.05).
Conclusion
The success rates of induction of labor by Foley catheter balloon were different in primiparas with different cervical conditions, the failure rate of induction of labor and the incidence of intrauterine infection were higher in primiparas with severe cervical immaturity.
Bioreversible anionic cloaking enables intracellular protein delivery with ionizable lipid nanoparticles
Authors: Alabi Christopher , Alamgir Azmain , Ghosal Souvik , DeLisa Matthew
Published: January 2024

Protein-based therapeutics comprise a rapidly growing subset of pharmaceuticals, but enabling their delivery into cells for intracellular applications has been a longstanding challenge. To overcome the delivery barrier, we explored a reversible, bioconjugation-based approach to modify the surface charge of protein cargos with an anionic “cloak” to facilitate electrostatic complexation and delivery with lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations. We demonstrate that the conjugation of lysine-reactive sulfonated compounds can allow for the delivery of various protein cargos using FDA-approved LNP formulations of the ionizable cationic lipid DLin-MC3-DMA (MC3). We apply this strategy to functionally deliver RNase A for cancer cell killing as well as a full-length antibody to inhibit oncogenic β-catenin signaling. Further, we show that LNPs encapsulating cloaked fluorescent proteins distribute to major organs in mice following systemic administration. Overall, our results point towards a generalizable platform that can be employed for intracellular delivery of a wide range of protein cargos.
Integration of Sequential Electrocoagulation and Adsorption for Effective Removal of Color and Total Organic Carbon in Textile Effluents and its Utilization for Seed Germination and Irrigation
Authors: Somasundaram Gowthaman , Thavamani Tamizharasan , Thangavelu Selvaraju
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the performance of the sequential electrocoagulation process (ECP) combined with the adsorption phenomena (AP) by powdered activated carbon (PAC) is a highly effective and environmentally friendly method of treating textile effluents. The discharge of textile effluent into any stream would affect the growth of living organisms and the environment due to its increased colour and total organic carbon (TOC). This scientific work ease out the removal of toxic textile industry effluents such as high concentrations of colour and TOC by using the synthesized CaCl2–powdered activated carbon (PAC) derived from coconut shells combined with ECP (ECP–PAC). Initially, PAC was characterized by FE-SEM, XRD, Raman, BET, FTIR, and TGA studies. Subsequently, the pilot scale ECP batch reactor was designed and constructed with iron (Fe) as an anode and copper (Cu) as a cathode combined with the PAC adsorption process (5g/L of PAC and 30 min). Importantly, the combination of ECP–PAC has achieved a higher degree of treatment efficiency in shorter reaction time with lower energy consumption as compared to the ECP. i.e., 15 min duration was required to degrade 98% of the colour content of industrial textile effluent, and 30 min duration was required to reduce the higher concentration of TOC level of 96%. Moreover, the other parameters in the ECP or ECP–PAC such as pH (6-9), current density (0-50 mA/cm2), time (0-30 min), electrode combinations (Fe-Cu), and so on were optimized. Finally, to understand the physicochemical properties of the treated water, seed germination of mung bean and chlorophyll content tests were convincingly carried out. Accordingly, tests on the seed germination of mung beans and chlorophyll contents tests have revealed that the ECP–PAC treated water is appropriate for irrigation. Thus, the methodology of treating textile effluent could have been an effective strategy for decreasing freshwater consumption in agricultural areas and increasing water availability in areas of water shortages.
Unveiling the Impact of Microglial Cells in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis: Insights from Single-Cell RNA-seq Analysis and In Vivo Validation
Authors: Sanadgol Nima , Feriz Adib Miraki , Ravanjoo Laya , Haddadi Mohammad , Beyer Cordian , Zendedel Adib , Safarpour Hossein
Published: January 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a prevalent global cause of dementia lacking a cure, has traditionally been studied from a molecular perspective. However, our investigation delved into the intricate cellular dimensions of AD, focusing on microglial cells, the primary immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Through a single-cell approach using scRNA-seq, we revealed an increased presence of microglial cells in AD samples. Utilizing this advanced technology, we unveiled the biological pathways, cellular interactions, and key genes driving AD progression. Notably, our findings emphasized the elevated activation of TNF-α signaling via NF-κB, P53, allograft rejection, coagulation, and hypoxia pathways in AD microglia. At the same time, the responsiveness to IFN-γ and IFN-α was diminished, and in alignment with scRNA-seq outcomes, gene expression analysis in a fly model indicated heightened Sima gene (HIF1A) expression in AD microglia. Furthermore, our study pinpointed significant ligand-receptor interactions in the microenvironment, notably including PTN/RPTPβ/ζ, a neurotrophic factor modulating neuroinflammation, and SEMA3A/PLXNB3. Additionally, we identified pivotal genes influencing AD pathogenesis and proposed potential treatments through drug repositioning, encompassing paclitaxel, carboplatin, cisplatin, imatinib, and fluorouracil. These findings provide insightful perspectives into AD pathophysiology at the cellular level and suggest promising avenues for further investigation and potential therapeutic interventions. More experimental validation is indispensable to corroborate these intricate molecular pathways.
A liquid-phase-synthesized cathode composite with a three-dimensional ion/electron-conducting structure for all-solid-state lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Hirayama Masaaki , Jiang Peilu , Zhou Huangkai , Song Subin , Suzuki Kota , Watanabe Kenta , Yamaguchi Yumi , Matsui Naoki , Hori Satoshi , Kanno Ryoji
Published: January 2024

All-solid-state lithium–sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) exhibit high energy densities, operate safely, and suppress polysulfide shuttling. However, their electrochemical performance is restricted by the insulating nature of S and Li2S and the severe cathode-related volumetric change during cycling. Herein, we report a Li2S-based cathode composite (AM/CR10/SE-liq/VGCF, or ACSV) with high mixed-conductivity and stability, fabricated by infiltrating a Li2S–LiI active material (AM) solution to a mesoporous carbon replica with ~ 10-nm-sized pores (CR10), followed by mixing the AM–CR10 composite with a liquid-phase-synthesized Li6PS5Br solid electrolyte (SE-liq) and vapour-grown carbon fibres (VGCFs). Benefiting from its mechanically reinforced, three-dimensional ion/electron-conducting structure, the ACSV-based ASSLSB cathode exhibits high discharge capacity (1009 mAh g− 1, 20 cycles, 298 K, 0.05C; 86.6% of the theoretical capacity of Li2S) and high reversible capacity (650 mAh g− 1, 100 cycles, 298 K, 0.1C). The findings underscore the feasibility of developing high-performance ASSLSBs by designing three-dimensional mixed-conducting mechanically robust cathodes.
A nanofluidic chemoelectrical generator with enhanced energy harvesting by ion-electron Coulomb drag
Authors: Xiao Kai , Jiang Yisha , Wang Tao , Liu Wenchao , Wu Yitian , Mei Tingting , Wang Li , Xu Guoheng , Liu Nannan , Wang Yude
Published: January 2024

A sufficiently high current output of nano energy harvesting devices is highly desired in practical applications, while still a challenge. Theoretical evidence has demonstrated that Coulomb drag based on the ion-electron coupling interaction, can amplify current in nanofluidic energy generation systems, resulting in enhanced energy harvesting. However, experimental validation of this concept is still lacking. Here we develop a nanofluidic chemoelectrical generator (NCEG) consisting of a carbon nanotube membrane (CNTM) sandwiched between metal electrodes, in which spontaneous redox reactions between the metal and oxygen in electrolyte solution enable movement of ions within the carbon nanotubes. Through Coulomb drag effect between moving ions in these nanotubes and electrons within the CNTM, an amplificated current of 1.2 mA·cm-2 is generated, which is 15.6 times higher than that collected without a CNTM. Meanwhile, one single NCEG unit can produce a high voltage of ~0.8 V and exhibit a linear scalable performance up to tens of volts. Different from the other Coulomb drag systems that need additional energy input, the NCEG with enhanced energy harvesting realizes the ion-electron coupling by its own redox reactions potential, which provides a possibility to drive multiple electronic devices for practical application.
Acute stress-related aberrant prefrontal based functional connectivity in high ruminators: An fNIRS study
Authors: Peng Lanxin , Long Jixin , Li Qian , Niu Lijing , Dai Haowei , Zhang Jiayuan , Chen Keyin , Huang Meiyan , Zhang Ruibin
Published: January 2024

Background
Rumination, thought to be induced by stressful events, is a pivotal factor contributing to cognitive vulnerabilities in stress-related disorders. Previous studies have demonstrated an association between the prefrontal cortex and stress. However, the functional connectivity in the prefrontal of high ruminators during stress is not fully understood.
Methods
28 high trait rumination group (HTR) and 22 low trait rumination group (LTR) were recruited. Each participant underwent both the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and control task in a long-arm crossover design, while collecting functional near-infrared spectroscopy data. We analyzed the static and dynamic FC (DFC) under two different conditions and then compared the difference between the HTR and the LTR.
Results
Stress induction procedure was highly successful in both HTR and LTR. Analysis on static FC (SFC) showed that LTR exhibited a marked increase in SFC during the TSST, while HTR showed a comparatively lesser increase. Further analysis on DFC, the prefrontal-based DFCs were higher in LTR during TSST compared with control condition, but these patterns were not in HTR. But higher variability of DFC between left IFG and left MFG related to higher state rumination.
Conclusion
Current study may shed light on the aberrant prefrontal functional connectivity pattern underlying rumination and its association with stress. Further research in this area may elucidate the specific cognitive control mechanisms that are impaired in high ruminators and their impact on emotional regulation and psychological well-being.
Robot motion planning using Predictive trajectory of moving obstacles
Authors: Rezvani Melika , Semnani Samaneh Hosseini
Published: January 2024

The presence of robots among humans and their ability to perform certain tasks has exhibited remarkable growth in recent years. As a result, there is an essential need for powerful path planning algorithms to find feasible, safe, and collision-free paths for robots in the presence of humans, considering other factors and the environment. This paper presents an algorithm for the motion planning of an agent (robot) among pedestrians based on future decisions. In each step, the robot selects its next velocity and subsequently its next position by predicting the movements of neighboring pedestrians. Based on the predicted future positions of pedestrians , a force is applied to the agent to determine its next velocity and position. Experimental results demonstrate the improvement of the proposed method in terms of the time optimality and safety (reducing number of collisions among robot and pedestrians) of the produced path compared to the scenario where prediction is not utilized.
Green Dangers: Probability of Human Health Risk from Heavy Metals in Vegetables of Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Akibul Islam , Shill Lincon Chandra , Raihan M Maruf , Rashid Rumana , Buiyan Md. Nizamul Hoque , Reza Sompa , Alam Mohammad Rahanur
Published: January 2024

This study aims to evaluate the heavy metal concentration in fifteen species of vegetables as well as associated health risk. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) is used to assess heavy metals. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni and Fe in vegetables were 4.78, 0.713, 9.266, 0.083, 5.06 mg/kg/fw exceeding the reference value of FAO/WHO indicating unsafe to consumption. Based on principal component analysis, the Pb, Cr, Ni and Fe are from same sources. Health risk was estimated in terms of estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI) and cancer risk (CR). The EDI values of metals except Cr were found to be lower than maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI). The total THQs of metals were > 1 indicating non-carcinogenic health risk. The individual HI values for vegetables except potato (0.831) and total HI values were found to be > 1 (94.747). The TCR of Pb, Cd and Cr were > 1.0E-04 which indicating carcinogenic risk. Fruit and pod vegetables contribute much in carcinogenic risk for Pb and Cr whereas fruit, root and stems vegetables for Cd. The study revealed that potential human health risk was associated with the consumption of different types of vegetables in Bangladeshi adult population.
Enhancing targeted outreach for longitudinal surveys: predictive analytics for participant response in the Millennium Cohort Study
Authors: Barkho Wisam , Carnes Nathan , Kolaja Claire , Tu Xin , Boparai Satbir , Castañeda Sheila F. , Sheppard Beverly D. , Walstrom Jennifer L. , Belding Jennifer N. , Rull Rudolph P.
Published: January 2024

Background: The Millennium Cohort Study is a prospective cohort study designed to examine the long-term effects of military service. The study collects self-reported data from surveys administered every 3–5 years to military personnel and veterans. Participant nonresponse to follow-up surveys presents a potential threat to the validity and generalizability of study findings. In recent years, predictive analytics has emerged as a promising tool to identify predictors of nonresponse.
Methods: Here, we present a method that leverages machine learning techniques to develop a high-skill classifier to predict participant response to Millennium Cohort Study follow-up surveys. Using a temporal cross-validation method, six supervised algorithms, each using differing learning strategies, were employed to predict response to the 2021 follow-up survey. Using latent class analysis (LCA), we classified participants based on historical survey response and compared prediction performance with and without this variable. Feature analysis was subsequently conducted on the best performing model to identify the most important factors.
Results: The LCA variable consisted of six distinct classes: consistent web responders, consistent paper responders, mode switchers, early and late consistent nonresponders, and inconsistent responders. Notably, the LCA classes were found to be statistically significant across various military and demographic characteristics. Including the LCA variable in the machine learning analysis, all six algorithms performed comparably to one another. However, without the LCA variable, random forest outperformed the benchmark regression model by 9.3% in area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and 7.7% in AUC of precision-recall. Moreover, inclusion of the LCA variable increased the ROC AUC for all algorithms by 10% or more, except for random forest and interaction forest, which improved by approximately 5% in ROC AUC. Feature analysis indicated LCA was the most important predictor in the model.
Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of historical response patterns to significantly improve prediction performance of participant response to follow-up surveys. Machine learning algorithms can be especially valuable when historical data are not available. Implementing these methods in longitudinal studies can enhance outreach efforts by strategically targeting participants, ultimately boosting survey response rates and mitigating nonresponse.