bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison Between Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients with Unstable Angina with Preserved Left Ventricular Systolic Function
Authors: Xiao Jiong , Liu Lin-Ze , Lin Wen-Hua
Published: November 2021

Background

We investigated the clinical results of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) treatment in patients with unstable angina (UA) with preserved left ventricular systolic function who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) due to uncertainty regarding the long-term prognosis using ACEIs or ARBs.
Methods

A total of 1627 UA patients with preserved left ventricular systolic function who successfully underwent PCI were enrolled. We classified those patients into two groups: the ACEI group (n=918) and the ARB group (n=709) based on discharge medications. The primary endpoint was the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), including all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and target vessel revascularization (TVR), with a follow-up period of 13 months. The secondary endpoint was the occurrence of separate components of MACCEs. We applied the Kaplan–Meier method to depict survival curves, while intergroup differences were performed using the log-rank test. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was applied to assess the prognostic influence of various factors. To balance potential confounding biases derived from differences in baseline levels, propensity score matching (PSM) was used to adjust for confounders between the ACEI and ARB groups.
Results

After PSM, 660 pairs in each group were created. There were no differences in MACCEs (HR=0.860, 95%CI: 0.465-1.590, P=0.630), all-cause death (HR=0.334, 95%CI: 0.090-1.238, P=0.101), non-fatal MI (HR=4.929, 95%CI: 0.576-42.195, P=0.145), stroke (HR=1.049, 95%CI: 0.208-5.290, P=0.954) and TVR (HR=1.276, 95% CI: 0.537-3.031, P=0.581) between the ACEI and ARB groups.
Conclusions

Prognoses were comparable between ACEI or ARB treatment in UA patients who had preserved left ventricular systolic function after PCI.
What Are The Determinants of Parametrial Invasion In Patients With Early Stage Cervical Cancer: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Hoorshad Niloufar , Zamani Narges , Hasani Shahrzad Sheikh , Poopak Amirhossein , Sharifi Amirsina
Published: November 2021

Background: There was an increase in number of patients presented with early-stage cervical cancer (CC). Tumors with favorable pathological features might be candidates for less radical surgery.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 700 patients with histologically confirmed CC between January 2011 and March 2020. Chi-square, Fisher's exact tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to assess relations between parametrial involvement (PI) and clinic-pathological variables.Results: Total number of 132 patients with stage IA to IIA were eligible to participate. Squamous cell carcinoma was reported in 100 (75.8%) patients, adenocarcinoma and other tumor pathologies were found in 24(18.2%) and 8(6.1%), respectively. Considering the FIGO stage, 11 (8.4%) patients had IA, 111 (83%%) IB and 10 (7.6%) IIA. Nine patients (6.8%) had PI on permanent pathologic report. Univariate analysis demonstrated that following variables were statistically different between patients with and without PI: age ≥ 50, tumor size ≥ 3cm, lower segment involvement, poorly differentiated pathology, deep stromal invasion, pelvic lymph node, lympho-vascular involvement and positive surgical margin (all p values < 0.05). Among these variables only tumor size ≥ 3 cm (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.11-4.16, p value: 0.02), deep stromal invasion (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.9-7.43, p value: 0.02) and positive surgical margin (OR: 5.1, 95% CI: 3.97-11.15, p value: 0.008) were independent risk factor of PI in multivariate analysis.Conclusions: Early stage CC can be surgically approached in a more conservative manner if patients have tumor size < 3 cm and do not have deep stromal invasion in conization.
Study on Reduction of 4-nitrophenol by Magnetic Maize Straw Supported with Copper Nanoparticles
Authors: Yu Yang , Guo Hong , Wang Pengyuan , Zhai Shangru , Han Jiazhi , Li Wenchao , Wang Yuanhao , Wang Yi
Published: November 2021

In this work, magnetic maize straw was prepared by the amidation process using renewable maize straw as starting material. After magnetic succinylated maize straw (Mag-S-MS) was mixed with cupric ions aqueous solution, Cu (II) could be captured by the amino and carboxylate groups. Then, the bonded Cu (II) was converted to valuable Cu nanoparticles (Cu NPS). It was characterized by SEM-EDS, XRD, XPS, and TGA, which indicated Cu NPS were formed successfully on Mag-S-MS without self-aggregation and oxidation. The above nanocomposites could be employed as a catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP). The effect of the dosage of Cu NPS loaded-Mag-S-MS, the initial concentrations of NaBH4 and 4-NP were investigated, and a possible mechanism was discussed. The catalyst maintained relatively high catalytic activity after five cycle tests. Due to its superparamagnetic nature, it could be quickly collected from the aqueous solution under a magnetic field. These results could provide a method for using agricultural waste in nano catalytic reaction.
Influence of humic substances on the landfill leachate biodegradability with a focus on temporal seasonality
Authors: Moravia Wagner Guadagnin , Moreira Victor Rezende , Lebron Yuri Abner Rocha , Lange Liséte Celina , Santos Amaral Míriam Cristina
Published: November 2021

The high resilience to biological treatments from the landfill leachate is generally associated with the presence of humic substances (HS). The brown color characteristic of this effluent is also related to these substances. Landfill leachate with low biodegradability can make biological treatments unfeasible, which can drive up the cost for the treatment of large leachate volumes. In this context, this research aimed to characterize the leachate in different seasonal periods, and verify the influence of HS species on the biodegradability of the effluent to assist in the selection of adequate treatment techniques. The HS quantification was performed using the modified Lowry method and speciation through fractionation according to the molar masses of the HS species. The tropical regions can be the precursor for the rapid stabilization of biodegradable organic matter. The warmer climate contributed to a reduced BOD/COD ratio (0.03) and the predominance of compounds of lower mass (e.g.: fulvic acids). The tests showed an HS concentration of 26.9% of the total COD in the raw leachate in the rainy season, which increased to 37.3% in the dry season. Approximately 70% of HS species refer to fulvic acids, a fraction identified as having the highest biologic treatment resilience.
Optimization of the Sunset Yellow dye removal by electrocoagulation using a response surface method
Authors: Afshar Moghaddam Mitra , Seyyedi Kambiz
Published: November 2021

In recent years, among the various treatment methods, the electrocoagulation process has been used for the treatment of effluents containing various dye pollutants. Sunset Yellow (S.Y.) azo dye is one of the common food colors widely used in various food industries. This study investigated the removal of the dye S.Y. from aqueous media by the electrocoagulation method in an electrochemical reactor using concentric iron electrodes. The experiments were designed using the response surface method (RSM) with the help of Minitab software in such a way that the effect of various process-influencing parameters, such as current density, electrolysis time, electrolyte concentration, pH of the solution, and the effluent flow rate, on the desired pollutant removal efficiency was investigated. According to the results of the process optimization by RSM, the optimal conditions for the process were obtained as follows: pH of 10, current density of 2.65 mA/cm2, electrolysis time of 42.32 min, initial dye concentration of 20 mg/L, and effluent flow rate of 2.5 L/min. Under the above optimal conditions, the efficiency of dye removal was more than 99%.
DOSSIÊ do I SIMPÓSIO DE REDUÇÃO DO RISCO DE DESASTRES NA REGIÃO NORDESTE
Authors: Vital Saulo Roberto de Oliveira
Published: November 2021

O presente dossiê é fruto das discussões acadêmicas travadas no âmbito do I Simpósiode Redução do Risco de Desastres na Região Nordeste e II Workshop do Grupo de Pesquisa em Gerenciamento dos Riscos e Desastres Naturais, ambos, realizados em conjunto, no Centro Regional de Ensino Superior do Seridó da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande de Norte, localizado na Cidade de Caicó, “Capital do Seridó”.
NOVOS MATERIAIS DE TOXODON PLATENSIS DO PLEISTOCENO SUPERIOR DA LOCALIDADE TAMANDUÁ DE CIMA, MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO BENTO DO UNA, ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO, NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Barros Silva Ana Karoline , Oliva Édison Vicente
Published: November 2021

Toxodontídeos foram mamíferos de grande porte que possuem um numeroso registro fóssil no Nordeste do Brasil. Contudo, uma análise da literatura corrente demonstra que não há consenso na taxonomia envolvendo os gêneros Toxodon, Trigodonops e Piauhytherium. Importantes materiais fósseis foram descritos para a Bahia, Piauí e Pernambuco. No sítio Tamanduá de Cima, no Estado de Pernambuco, foram encontrados diversos materiais previamente descritos na literatura como Toxodon. Neste trabalho descrevemos dois crânios parciais, que aqui identificados como Toxodon platensis, o exemplar mais completo (DGEO-CTG-UFPE 8530) foi identificado mediante caracteres diagnósticos da espécie, como: crânio elevado, crista sagital estreita com borda dorsal reta, frontais dorsalmente planos e triangulares, porção caudal craniana com diâmetro transverso maior do que o vertical, crista nucal reta projetada caudalmente, concavidade profunda no centro da face caudal craniana. O exemplar DGEO-CTG-UFPE 8531 é incompleto, mas apresenta caracteres que também permitem sua atribuição a T. platensis, atualmente considerada a única espécie sul-americana ocorrente no Pleistoceno Superior.
LEVANTAMENTO DA MESOFAUNA EDÁFICA EM ÁREAS DE PROTEÇÃO DO MARANHÃO.
Authors: Chaves Rodrigues Judson , De Sousa Martins Alana Ellen , Oliveira Lima Francilene , Alves Souza Maria Tereza , De Alencar Costa Silva Maira  Rebeca , Pereira Gonçalves Márcia  Verônica , Lima Soares Francisco Ideilson , Araújo da Silva Formiga Luiza  Daiana
Published: November 2021

O conhecimento da composição da comunidade da mesofauna edáfica é uma ferramenta importante para compreender o efeito sobre os processos edáficos e também para elucidar como a fauna do solo é afetada pela antropização, provocando mudanças no solo. Neste sentido, a pesquisa visa contribuir com o levantamento das ordens da mesofauna edáfica e sua dinâmica na Área de Proteção Ambiental Municipal do Buriti do Meio (Área I) e a Área de Proteção Ambiental do Inhamum (Área II). As coletas foram realizadas duas vezes durante o período seco, e duas vezes no período chuvoso, totalizando 4 coletas. Para a amostragem da mesofauna, foi utilizado armadilhas do tipo Provid e bateria de extratores Berlese-Tullgre. No laboratório foram feitas a triagem e quantificados os indivíduos e os dados foram analisados em diferentes programas. Foram contabilizados 12.486 indivíduos da mesofauna. Os indivíduos da ordem Collembola foram predominantes nas duas áreas. Ao comparar a abundância de indivíduos coletados nas duas armadilhas. Notou-se que a armadilha Provid se mostrou mais eficiente em relação a armadilha de Berllese Tüllgren. Foi analisada a diversidade das ordens entre os dois ambientes estudados (Shannon-Wiener), a Área II obteve o maior índice de diversidade, sendo confirmado pelo Índice de Pielou (J).

 

Palavras-chave: Berlese-Tullgren, Diversidade, Provid.
AGRICULTURA DE SUBSISTÊNCIA E MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS: CASOS DOS DISTRITOS DE MAGUDE E MOAMBA (SUL DE MOÇAMBIQUE)
Authors: Jalane Orlando Inacio , Silva Edson Vicente da , Sopchaki Carlos Henrique
Published: November 2021

O presente ensaio aborda os efeitos das mudanças do clima na agricultura de subsistência (familiar) moçambicana, em terras com tendências climáticas semiáridas, como são os distritos a sul de país, casos de Magude e Moamba, na província de Maputo. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir de levantamentos bibliográficos e observação direta dos autores, que vivenciaram a realidade local. Existe uma tendência cíclica de anos de seca extrema, precididos por outros de excessos de precipitação e ligeira concentração em períodos cada vez mais curtos, o que dificulta a capacidade dos solos de absorverem os impactos das águas. No presente trabalho busca-se evidenciar a grande exposição da agricultura de subsistência em regiões semiáridas, face aos cenários climáticos adversos e como isso pode impactar na vida dos agricultores e suas famílias, bem como na dieta alimentar do país. 

Palavras-chave: agricultura de subsistência; Semiárido; Mudanças climáticas.
2-D Inversion of magnetic data and gravity modelling of the transition zone between the Pernambuco-Alagoas domain and the northern portion of the Sergipano Belt (NE, Brazil)
Authors: Alvarez Priscilla , Dutra Allana Costa
Published: November 2021

Two-dimensional magnetic inversions were performed with the purpose to obtain information about the magnetic susceptibility, depth and volume of true magnetic sources located in the basement adjacent to the Sergipe-Alagoas basin, in the transition zone between the Pernambuco-Alagoas Domain and the northern portion of the Sergipano Belt (Borborema Province, NE Brazil) and to delineate its geometries. The magnetic data processing was performed to interpret geological contacts, source’s edge boundaries and mapping of folds and shear zones. In the results of the magnetic inversion, a source was found in the Rio Coruripe domain between 9 and 21 km in depth with a magnetic susceptibility of 0.0079 (SI) and another in the Pernambuco-Alagoas domain between 7.5 and 9 km with a magnetic susceptibility of 0.0077 (SI). The basement’s depth was obtained through spectral analysis, whose base was found at 37.7 km. In addition, gravity models were created with the purpose to verify the information obtained by the magnetic inversion and spectral analysis, which was useful to understand how these sources interfere in the structure of the basement and how it affected its tectonic model.
INFLUÊNCIA DOS PROCESSOS DIAGENÉTICOS NA POROSIDADE DOS ARENITOS DA FORMAÇÃO IBOREPI, BACIA DE LAVRAS DA MANGABEIRA, ESTADO DO CEARÁ
Authors: Vieira Batista Zenilda , Ferreira de Lima Filho Mário , Rodrigues de Andrade Freitas Wilson , Marques Vieira Marcela , Oliveira Agostinho da Silva Sonia Maria , Silva Valdielly Larisse
Published: November 2021

Análises de processos diagenéticos que atuaram sobre os arenitos da Formação Iborepi foram realizadas em amostras de rochas da Bacia Lavras da Mangabeira. A petrologia e a diagênese desses arenitos é pouco conhecida, principalmente quanto aos processos diagenéticos que atuaram sobre a porosidade original dessas rochas, que podem ser estudadas como análogos de reservatórios de bacias petrolíferas. Estudos petrológico e petrográfico foram realizados em nove lâminas, a fim de avaliar os processos diagenéticos que impactaram a porosidade original dos arenitos Iborepi. Os processos encontrados foram: argila infiltrada como cutículas envolvendo grãos e agregados microcristalinos intersticiais; compactação mecânica e química gerando fraturas em grãos, pseudomatriz em litoclastos dúcteis, micas dobradas e dissolução de grãos originando contatos côncavo-convexos e suturados; precipitação de crescimentos secundários (overgrowths) e projeções de quartzo (outgrowths), caulinita, esmectita e clorita; alteração e substituição de feldspato potássico, muscovita e biótica por caulinita, ilita e clorita. A porosidade dessas rochas é predominantemente primária intergranular, com média de 14%, porém, ocorre porosidade secundária por fratura e dissolução de grãos primários e encolhimento de argila. De modo geral, a porosidade primária dos arenitos Iborepi foi reduzida principalmente por compactação mecânica e química, ciemntação e infiltração de argila, impactando sua qualidade como reservatório de hidrocarbonetos.

Palavras-chave: Arenitos,  porosidade, reservatório.
GEOGRAFIA DAS ARQUITETURAS: VULNERABILIZAÇÃO EM (DES)AÇÃO
Authors: Lopes José Lidemberg de Sousa
Published: November 2021

O presente paper é um recorte de uma palestra que ocorreu no dia 8 de novembro de 2019 no I Simpósio de Redução do Risco de Desastre na Região Nordeste e II Workshop do Grupo de Pesquisa em Gerenciamento dos Riscos e Desastres Naturais, ocorrido na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, no Ceres, Campus de Caicó/RN. A palestra foi dividida em dois momentos. O primeiro ocorreu a explanação para o conhecimento das arquiteturas e o uso e abuso dos prédios antigos de cidades nordestinas como Rio Tinto no Estado da Paraíba; Aquiraz, Maranguape, Pacatuba e Icó no Ceará; Triunfo em Pernambuco; Oeiras no Piauí; Carolina no Maranhão e Caicó em terras potiguares. No segundo momento, tivemos um relato de experiência dos prédios antigos da cidade de União dos Palmares no Estado de Alagoas, onde se discutiu a importância histórica, as vulnerabilidades, o uso e abuso dos mesmos. A palestra finalizou com uma proposta de criação de um corredor cultural para a Rua Correia de Oliveira, antiga Rua da Batata, logradouro esse que encontramos o maior número de edifícios arquitetônicos da cidade. Com isso, o discurso sobre patrimônio cultural, memória e turismo foram fundamentais para discussão final da palestra em questão.
VALE DO JAGUARIBE: UM OÁSIS EM PERIGO NO SEMIÁRIDO BRASILEIRO – REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA SOBRE CONTAMINAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E POTENCIAIS DANOS À BACIA E SEUS USUÁRIOS
Authors: Braga Roberta da Rocha , Matushima Eliana Reiko
Published: November 2021

O Rio Jaguaribe é o maior curso d’água do Ceará, um dos estados do semiárido no qual os efeitos da seca são mais expressivos. Como solução para a escassez de água, o Governo tem atuado tentando perenizar suas bacias hidrográficas, dentre elas, a bacia do Rio Jaguaribe. A partir dos anos 1960, a construção de reservatórios e as políticas de incentivo ao desenvolvimento possibilitaram o início da agricultura irrigada no estado, trazendo grandes empresas multinacionais e a necessidade de intensa modernização para o incremento da produtividade agrícola. Nos últimos 15 anos, a preocupação com os efeitos da intensa atividade agrícola tradicional sobre o ambiente da Bacia do Jaguaribe vem se mostrando em forma de artigos publicados sobre o acúmulo de pesticidas, metais pesados e hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos nas águas, sedimentos e organismos vivos do rio, além do aumento na prevalência de intoxicações agudas e casos de câncer na população de municípios da Bacia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar as publicações sobre a saúde do Jaguaribe, na forma da saúde de seu leito, solo, fauna e usuários humanos, alertando para a necessidade de maior atenção para um dos mais importantes mananciais no nordeste brasileiro.
Análise da associação entre variáveis meteorológicas e as internações por dengue no município de Rio Branco/AC
Authors: De Souza Freitas Beatriz , Dos Santos Lima Laura , Dos Santos Gomes Ana Carla , Vaz Peres Lucas , Santos da Silva Alex
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho avalia a relação da precipitação, umidade relativa, temperaturas mínima e máxima do ar com a ocorrência de internações por dengue no município de Rio Branco/AC, durante o período de 2008 a 2018. Os dados meteorológicos foram obtidos do Banco de Dados de Ensino e Pesquisa, pertencente ao Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Já a aquisição dos dados epidemiológicos, deu-se junto ao banco de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). A partir do teste de Mann Kendall, verificou-se tendência significativa decrescente nos casos de dengue. Em se tratando da correlação cruzada, a única variável que apresentou associação estatística com a dengue foi a umidade relativa, uma vez que durante todo o ano esta apresenta valores que são favoráveis para proliferação e longevidade do vetor. Os resultados mostram que as variáveis de precipitação e temperatura do ar podem subsidiar atividades específicas de prevenção e mitigação ao Aedes Aegypti.
Palavras-chave: clima; saúde; Aedes Aegypti.
Powoływanie i obowiązki chrzestnych według prawa kanonicznego
Authors: Janczewski Zbigniew
Published: November 2021

Celem niniejszej publikacji jest ukazanie chrzestnych od strony prawa kanonicznego, a także zastanowienie się nad problemem czy ich wybór jest wciąż konieczny i rzeczywiście potrzebny, w pierwszej połowie XXI wieku. Na początku znajduje się krótki rys historyczny, zawierający rozwój interesującej nas instytucji w Kościele. Dalej zostanie omówiona kwestia powoływania chrzestnego, aby na końcu zająć się kwalifikacjami, wymaganymi przez normy kanoniczne od osób mających pełnić tę funkcję.
Przygotowanie do małżeństwa mieszanego w świetle dekretu ogólnego Episkopatu Polski z 8.10.2019 r.
Authors: Dullak Kazimierz
Published: November 2021

Episkopat Polski publikując Dekret ogólny o przeprowadzeniu rozmów kanoniczno duszpasterskich z narzeczonymi przed zawarciem małżeństwa kanonicznego spełniła oczekiwania wspólnot parafialnych, dając jasno określone wytyczne w tak istotnej materii dla życia społeczności kościelnej. Stało się tak dlatego, że wdrożony akt prawny nie jest oderwany od aktualnego kontekstu społecznego w Polsce. Zmieniająca się mentalność społeczeństwa i ewaluujące uwarunkowania społeczne przyczyniają się do tego, że etap przygotowania do małżeństwa wymagał nowego spojrzenia, a w konsekwencji weryfikacji poszczególnych unormowań. W Dekrecie uwzględniono zarówno polaryzującą się wiarę młodego człowieka jak również nowe konstelacje par przygotowujących się do wspólnej życiowej drogi. A ponadto, dokument episkopatu naznaczony jest ogromną wrażliwością na indywidualność narzeczonych. Wspomniana indywidualność potencjalnych rozmówców kancelaryjnych prowadzi często do ich utożsamienia się, z nurtem indywidualizmu, ten z kolei stawia jednostkę-osobę na piedestale wartości, uznając ją za najwyższe dobro. I tak oto duża część społeczności bardzo pielęgnuje zarysowany model myślenia. Stąd sugestia Konferencji Episkopatu do wszystkich duszpasterzy posługujących w kancelarii parafialnej, by cechowała ich empatia, wrażliwość i delikatność (DO 6). Ale czy taka postawa nie stwarza narzeczonym przestrzeni roszczeniowej? Odpowiedź dadzą konkretne doświadczenia. Natomiast omawiany dokument nacechowany jest ogromną elastycznością. Taki sposób podejścia do rozwiązywania potencjalnych trudności wskazuje na służebny charakter Kościoła i podjęcie wynikających z tego konsekwencje. Stąd płynąca zachęta ze strony episkopatu ku duszpasterzom, by z powagą i odpowiedzialnością poruszali zagadnienia dotykające trudności z jakimi mogą się zderzyć w małżeństwie na tle różnic wyznaniowych czy religijnych.
Relacje Konferencji Episkopatu Polski z władzami Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej w latach 1980-1981
Authors: Stępień Marek
Published: November 2021

After the Second World War communists took over the power in Poland. The main purpose of the ruling party was introducing the principles of Marxist philosophy. In the center of ideological fight was the Roman Catholic Church perceived as serious obstacle or even threat in achieving their goals.

In the years 1980-1981, the Polish authorities again declared their will to normalize relations and to reactivate the Joint Commission of the Government and the Episcopate. The communists as the rulers counted on the help of the Church in calming social moods and normalizing the situation after the unrest and strikes that took place at that time. The talks however did not bring any significant effects. Only a few small matters were settled.
Rozwiązanie umowy o pracę bez wypowiedzenia przez pracownika w świetle orzecznictwa Sądu Najwyższego
Authors: Majchrzak Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

Artykuł przedstawia zagadnienia związane z rozwiązaniem umowy o pracę bez wypowiedzenia przez pracownika, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ewolucji poglądów w orzecznictwie Sądu Najwyższego. Omówione zostały przesłanki przewidziane w art. 55 kodeksu pracy, które umożliwiają pracownikowi rozwiązanie umowy o pracę bez wypowiedzenia. Zwrócono także uwagę na wymogi formalne i uprawnienia stron, w tym przysługujące pracownikowi odszkodowanie. Analiza przedmiotowej instytucji została także wzbogacona o tematykę związaną z roszczeniami pracodawcy w przypadku nieuzasadnionego rozwiązania umowy o pracę przez pracownika w omawianym trybie.
Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide-Induced B Cell Differentiation
by Toll-like Receptors 2 and 4
Authors: Liu Sumei , Liu Guojing , Luan Qingxian , Ma Yongping , Yu Xiaoqian
Published: November 2021

Background:

Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a pathogenic bacterium widely
present in subgingival plaques of patients with periodontitis. It induces periodontitis with bone
loss as its main feature by changing the number and composition of symbiotic microorganisms, as
well as inducing the natural immune response of the host. However, the mechanism of the latter remains
unclear.

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the effect of P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on
regulatory B cells (Breg) in the occurrence and development of periodontitis.

Method:

We detected the mRNA levels of IL-10 in B cells under the stimulation of P. gingivalis
LPS and/or E. coli LPS, distinguished IL-10-producing cells from different B cell subgroups using
flow cytometry. Through toll-like receptor (TLR) knockout mice, the role of TLR2 and TLR4 in
this process was also evaluated.

Results:

Results showed that P. gingivalis stimulated B cells to produce IL-10 via TLR2/4.
CD5+B1 subset is the main source of IL-10+Breg cell. Under P. gingivalis LPS stimulation,
CD5+IgM+CD93-IL-10+B cell subset increased significantly, which was regulated through TLR2/
4.

Conclusion:

The results of this study provides new insights into the immunopathogenic mechanism
of P. gingivalis, preliminarily discussed the effect of P. gingivalis on the production of Breg,
and present a theoretical foundation for subsequent investigations on the occurrence and development
of periodontitis.
Bridged Benzocyclotrimers: Concepts, Synthesis, and Applications
Authors: Cossu Sergio , Peluso Paola
Published: November 2021

Bridged polycyclic frameworks represent a unique tool to form curved units; the
bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene system is widely exploited to design and induce concave topologies.
In particular, bridged benzocyclotrimers (BCTs) are characterized by a flat aromatic
base decorated with bridged polycyclic motifs, which provide the suitable curvature underlying
the concave-convex topology. In the 1960s, these molecules attracted interest for their
own chemical and physical properties. Later, the improvements in synthetic procedures to
produce bridged BCTs have paved the way for their utilization to design and prepare molecular
containers, bowls, cages, and baskets that are able to accommodate target molecules, recognize
them, and modulate their functions. In this frame, we aim to describe the historical
evolution of the concept, from the first bridged BCTs explored to confirm the existence of
strained alkynes, and the phenomenon of bond alternation (Mills-Nixon hypothesis), to the most recent gated molecular
baskets developed as dynamic synthetic receptors for molecular delivery. The main synthetic approaches which
have been used to perform cyclotrimerization of bridged polycyclic alkenes, and related mechanisms, are also examined
and discussed, with a specific focus on the syn/anti stereoselectivity issue and its consequences at a mechanistic
level. The present review covers literature contributions published until mid 2021.
How Antimalarials and Antineoplastic Drugs can Interact in Combination Therapies: A Perspective on the Role of PPT1 Enzyme
Authors: Duarte Diana , Vale Nuno
Published: November 2021

:

Antimalarial drugs from different classes have demonstrated anticancer effects in different types of cancer
cells, but their complete mode of action in cancer remains unknown. Recently, several studies reported the important
role of palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1), a lysosomal enzyme, as the molecular target of chloroquine and its
derivates in cancer. It was also found that PPT1 is overexpressed in different types of cancer, such as breast, colon,
etc. Our group has found a synergistic interaction between antimalarial drugs, such as mefloquine, artesunate and
chloroquine and antineoplastic drugs in breast cancer cells, but the mechanism of action was not determined. Here,
we describe the importance of autophagy and lysosomal inhibitors in tumorigenesis and hypothesize that other antimalarial
agents besides chloroquine could also interact with PPT1 and inhibit the mechanistic target of rapamycin
(mTOR) signalling, an important pathway in cancer progression. We believe that PPT1 inhibition results in changes
in the lysosomal metabolism that result in less accumulation of antineoplastic drugs in lysosomes, which increases
the bioavailability of the antineoplastic agents. Taken together, these mechanisms help to explain the synergism of
antimalarial and antineoplastic agents in cancer cells.
Insulin Resistance is Associated with Clinical Manifestations of Diabetic
Kidney Disease (Glomerular Hyperfiltration, Albuminuria, and Kidney
Function Decline)
Authors: Adeva-Andany María M. , Fernández-Fernández Carlos , Funcasta-Calderón Raquel , Ameneiros-Rodríguez Eva , Adeva-Contreras Lucía , Castro-Quintela Elvira
Published: November 2021

:

Clinical features of diabetic kidney disease include glomerular hyperfiltration, albuminuria,
and kidney function decline towards End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD). There are presently
neither specific markers of kidney involvement in patients with diabetes nor strong predictors of
rapid progression to ESKD. Serum-creatinine-based equations used to estimate glomerular filtration
rate are notoriously unreliable in patients with diabetes. Early kidney function decline, reduced
glomerular filtration rate, and proteinuria contribute to identifying diabetic patients at higher risk
for rapid kidney function decline. Unlike proteinuria, the elevation of urinary albumin excretion in
the range of microalbuminuria is frequently transient in patients with diabetes and does not always
predict progression towards ESKD. Although the rate of progression of kidney function decline is
usually accelerated in the presence of proteinuria, histological lesions of diabetes and ESKD may
occur with normal urinary albumin excretion. No substantial reduction in the rate of ESKD associated
with diabetes has been observed during the last decades despite intensified glycemic control
and reno-protective strategies, indicating that existing therapies do not target underlying pathogenic
mechanisms of kidney function decline. Very long-term effects of sodium-glucose transporters-
2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs remain to be defined. In patients with diabetes,
glucagon secretion is typically elevated and induces insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is
consistently and strongly associated with clinical manifestations of diabetic kidney disease, suggesting
that reduced insulin sensitivity participates in the pathogenesis of the disease and may represent
a therapeutic objective. Amelioration of insulin sensitivity in patients with diabetes is associated
with cardioprotective and kidney-protective effects.
Female Sexual Dysfunction in Diabetes: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Di Stasi Vincenza , Maseroli Elisa , Vignozzi Linda
Published: November 2021

:

Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is an underinvestigated comorbidity of diabetes mellitus, often not evaluated in diabetes clinics. Diabetic women should be encouraged to talk about this topic by their diabetologist, because these problems could be comorbid to cardio-metabolic alterations, as it happens in the male counterpart. This review summarizes evidence on sexual dysfunction characteristics in diabetic women, exploring possible underlying pathogenic mechanisms. The role of hypoglycemic drugs in this context was also evaluated. To date, no specific questionnaire has been designed for the assessment of sexual dysfunctions in diabetic female patients but the use of colour-doppler ultrasound of clitoral arteries has been highlighted as a useful tool for the assessment of cardiovascular risk in these women. Similarly, no specific guidelines are available for the treatment of FSD in the diabetic population but patients should be supported to have a healthy lifestyle and, in the absence of contraindications, can benefit from already approved treatments for FSD.
Impact of Several Factors on the Diagnostic Interpretability of Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography Using a 256-Detector Row CT Scanner
Authors: Xu Lixue , Luo Nan , He Yi , Yang Zhenghan
Published: November 2021

Objective:

This study aimed at exploring the impact of patient-related, vessel-related, image
quality-related and cardiovascular risk factors on coronary computed tomographic angiography
(CCTA) interpretability using 256-detector row computed tomography (CT).

Methods:

One hundred ten patients who underwent CCTA and Invasive Coronary Angiography (ICA)
were consecutively, retrospectively enrolled from January 2018 to October 2018. Using ICA
as the reference standard, ≥50% diameter stenosis was defined as the cut-off criterion to detect the
diagnostic performance of CCTA. Diagnostic reproducibility was investigated by calculating the interrater
reproducibility of CCTA. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to evaluate
the impact of 14 objective factors.

Results:

A total of 1019 segments were evaluated. The per-segment sensitivity, specificity, accuracy,
positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of CCTA were 76.8%, 93.7%, 91.2%,
67.8%, and 95.9%, respectively. The per-segment diagnostic reproducibility was 0.44 for CCTA.
Regarding accuracy, a negative association was found for stenosis severity, calcium load, and hyperlipidaemia.
Regarding sensitivity, calcium load and diabetes mellitus (DM) were positively related.
Regarding specificity, a negative correlation was observed between stenosis severity and calcium
load. Regarding interrater reproducibility, stenosis severity and calcium load were negatively
associated, whereas male sex and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were positively related (all
p<0.05).

Conclusion:

Per-segment 256-detector row CCTA performance was optimal in stenosis-free or occluded
segments. Heavier calcium load was associated with poorer CCTA interpretability. On the
one hand, our findings confirmed the rule-out value of CCTA; on the other hand, improvements in
calcium subtractions and deep learning-based tools are suggested to improve CCTA diagnostic interpretability.
Breast MRI for Evaluating Residual Tumor Size Following Neoadjuvant
Chemotherapy: Clinicopathologic Factors and MRI Imaging Features Affecting
its Accuracy
Authors: Park Jin Young , Kim Young Seon , Lee Seung Eun
Published: November 2021

Objectives:

The aim of the study was to investigate the accuracy of breast magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) for evaluating residual tumor size following neoadjuvant chemotherapy
(NAC) and to identify clinicopathologic and MRI features affecting its accuracy.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively assessed 109 women who underwent preoperative dynamic
contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI following NAC and subsequent surgery between April 2016
and August 2020. Preoperative MRI features, including Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System
lexicon characteristics, size of residual enhancing lesion, tumor shrinkage pattern, and clinicopathologic
features, were investigated, and MRI and pathology findings were compared.

Results:

Residual tumor size on MRI showed high agreement with residual invasive tumor size on
pathologic examination (ICC, 0.808, p<0.001). The residual tumor size measured by MRI and final
pathologic size were concordant in 63/109 cases (57.8%), while MRI overestimated the size in
35/109 cases (32.1%). For estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor
2 (HER2)-negative tumors, MRI tended to underestimate the residual tumor size compared with
HER2-positive cancers (p=0.002) and triple-negative cancers (p=0.12). On MRI, tumors with concentric
shrinkage patterns after NAC showed less size discrepancy with final pathologic tumor size
than those with non-concentric patterns (p=0.026).

Conclusion:

In ER-positive/HER2-negative cancers, MRI tends to underestimate the residual tumor
size, compared to in other subtypes. Tumors with concentric shrinkage patterns after NAC
showed less MRI/pathology size discrepancy.
Viral Encephalitis in Adults: A Narrative Review
Authors: Siciliano Valentina , Rosà Tommaso , Del Vecchio Pierluigi , D'Angelillo Anna , Brigida Mattia , Longhitano Yaroslava , Zanza Christian , Santoro Michele Cosimo , Candelli Marcello , Franceschi Francesco , Piccioni Andrea
Published: November 2021

:

Viral infections of the central nervous system cause frequent hospitalization. The pathogenesis
of viral encephalitis involves both the direct action of invading pathogens and the damage
generated by the inflammatory reaction they trigger. The type of signs and symptoms presented by
the patient depends on the severity and location of the ongoing inflammatory process. Most of the
viral encephalitides are characterized by an acute development, fever, variable alterations in consciousness
(confusion, lethargy, even coma), seizures (focal and generalized) and focal neurologic
signs. The specific diagnosis of encephalitis is usually based on lumbar puncture. Cerebrospinal
fluid examination should be performed in all patients unless absolutely contraindicated. Also, electroencephalogram
and neuroimaging play a prominent role in diagnosis. Airway protection, ventilatory
support, the management of raised intracranial pressure and correction of electrolyte disorders
must be immediately considered in a patient with altered mental status. The only therapy strictly recommended
is acyclovir in HSV encephalitis. The use of adjunctive glucocorticoids has poor-quality
evidence in HSV, EBV, or VZV encephalitis. The role of antiviral therapy in other types of viral
encephalitis is not well defined.
Molecular Docking and In Vitro Anticancer Screening of Synthesized Arylthiazole
linked 2H-indol-2-one Derivatives as VEGFR-2 Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Bawa Sandhya , Shalmali Nishtha , Ali Md Rahmat , Kalra Sourav , Kumar Raj , Zeya Bushra , Rizvi Moshahid Alam , Partap Sangh , Husain Asif
Published: November 2021

Background:

Indoline-2,3-dione comprises a leading course group of heterocycles endowed with appealing
biological actions, including anticancer activity. There are significant justifications for exploring the anticancer activity
of Schiff base derivatives of isatin as a vast number of reports have documented remarkable antiproliferative action of
isatin nucleus against various cancer cell lines.

Aims and Objectives:

A series of arylthiazole linked 2H-indol-2-one derivatives (5a-t) was designed and synthesized
as potential VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors keeping the essential pharmacophoric features of standard drugs, like sunitinib,
sorafenib, nintedanib, etc. They were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity. The aim of this study was to investigate
and assess the anticancer potential of isatin-containing compounds along with their kinase inhibition activity.

Methods:

The title compounds were synthesized by reacting substituted isatins with para-substituted arylthiazoles
using appropriate reaction conditions. Selected synthesized derivatives went under preliminary screening against a
panel of 60 cancer cell lines at NCI, the USA, for single-dose and five dose assays. Molecular docking was performed
to explore the binding and interactions with the active sites of the VEGFR-2 receptor (PDB Id: 3VHE). Derivatives 5a,
5b, 5c, 5d, 5g, 5h, and 5m were assessed for in vitro inhibition potency against Human VEGFR-2 using ELISA (Enzyme-
Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kit. All the target compounds were determined against human colon cancer cell
line SW480 (colorectal adenocarcinoma cells). Cellular apoptosis/necrosis was determined by flow cytometry using
annexin V-FITC. DNA content of the cells was analyzed by flow cytometry and the cycle distribution was quantified.

Results:

Compounds 5a and 5g exhibited noteworthy inhibition during a five-dose assay against a panel of 60 cell lines
with MID GI50 values of 1.69 and 1.54 μM, respectively. Also, both the lead compounds 5a and 5g demonstrated
promising VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 5.43±0.95 and 9.63±1.32 μM, respectively. The aforesaid
potent compounds were found effective against SW480 (colorectal adenocarcinoma cells) with IC50 values of 31.44 μM
and 106.91 μM, respectively. Compound 5a was found to arrest the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, increasing apoptotic
cell death. The docking study also supported VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity as both compounds 5a and 5g displayed
promising binding and interactions with the active sites of VEGFR-2 receptor (PDB: 3VHE) with docking scores -
9.355 and -7.758, respectively. All the compounds obeyed Lipinski’s rule of five.

Conclusion:

Indoline-2,3-dione and thiazole have huge potential to be considered a steer combination approach for
developing promising kinase inhibitors as cancer therapeutics.
Beneficial Effect of Saharan Propolis on Glucose Metabolism in Streptozotocin-
induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Akdad Mourad , Azzaoui Bouchra , Eddouks Mohamed
Published: November 2021

Aims:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity of propolis
from Saharan region of Morocco.

Background:

Propolis is known from ancient times for its beneficial action on health.

Objective:

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Moroccan propolis aqueous extract from the
desert region on glycemia and lipid metabolism.

Methods:

The antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic activities of Moroccan propolis aqueous extract
were evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Glycemia was monitored during acute
(6h) and subchronic treatments. Histopathological analysis of the liver and the serum lipid profile
was also evaluated in addition to the glucose tolerance.

Results:

This work demonstrated that the aqueous extract of Moroccan propolis exhibited a significant
antihyperglycemic effect in diabetic rats. Histopathological data demonstrated that propolis
acts positively on the liver of diabetic rats. In addition, the preliminary phytochemical screening revealed
that Moroccan propolis contains several phytochemicals. Finally, Moroccan propolis had a
potent antioxidant activity which may be due to the richness in polyphenols content (90.91 mg
EAG/1 g of extract).

Conclusion:

The present study shows that Moroccan propolis from the hot desert region possesses
a potent antihyperglycemic effect.
Workload as the most Important Influencing Factor of Medication Errors by Nurses
Authors: Ratanto  , Hariyati Rr. Tutik Sri , Mediawati Ati Surya , Eryando Tris
Published: November 2021

Background:

This research is motivated by the fact that medication errors are serious threats to the safety of patients in hospitals. Nurses are one of the health workers who play a significant role in preventing these errors.

Objective:

The aim of this quantitative research is to determine the factors that influence the incidence of medication errors by nurses.

Methods:

The adopted method had a correlative descriptive design and used samples obtained from 164 nurses through a purposive sampling technique. The sample inclusion criteria were the nurses who worked in patient’s rooms, those who were healthy and not sick, not currently in school, and were willing to be respondents. Furthermore, the research instruments were questionnaires, which were developed through the Cronbach's alpha validity and reliability test results of 0.681 and 0.873, respectively. Analysis was conducted using the independent t test, X2 (chi-square) and multiple logistic regressions.

Results:

The results showed that the factors which influenced the incidence of medication errors were work experience, motivation, workload, managerial and environmental elements. Moreover, the variable which contributed the most, with a p-value of 0.004 and OR of 5.387 was workload.

Conclusion:

Finally, the following factors, including nurse's workload, motivation, work experience, good managerial management and environmental elements, should be considered when preventing medication errors.
Reductive Dehalogenation – Challenges of Perfluorinated Organics
Authors: Kisała Joanna , Goclon Jakub , Pogocki Dariusz
Published: November 2021

:

In this mini-review, the problem of effective elimination of perfluorinated organic micropollutants
from aquatic environment has been touched. The extraordinary chemical stability of common
perfluorinated organic surfactants results in unsatisfactory efficiency of conventional treatment
processes, which opens perspectives for photocatalytic methods - especially for reductivedehalogenation.
To tackle this challenge by photocatalysis one have to be aware of objective, physical
limits set by very nature of the reduction process, electronic structure chemical stability, and formulation
of the catalyst as well as emission characteristic of the light source. The paper provides some
clues for rational design of reductive-dehalogenation oriented photolytic systems, which are derived
on the basis of physical principles, and, rather sparse, experimental examples.
Analytical Methods for the Quantification of Selenium Species in Biological
Matrix: Where are We?
Authors: Gaucher Caroline , Alhasan Rama , Perrin-Sarrado Caroline , Jacob Claus
Published: November 2021

Objective:

Over the years, scientific investigations have proven the importance of selenium
as an essential element for mammals, emphasizing its activity against many diseases and even
its prophylactic effects. It is also established now that a malconsumption of selenium can be harmful.
Therefore, the nature and the concentration of selenium and its derivatives found in the diet,
the body, and even in the environment, for example, in the soil, should be determined carefully.

Methods:

In this review, analytical methods for speciation and determination of selenium concentrations
in biological samples are summarized.

Results:

Methods ranging from routine to cutting-edge are explored, focusing on their analytical
characteristics, such as specificity for discrete selenium species, sensitivity, accuracy, reproducibility,
and skills required.

Conclusion:

There are already numerous studies regarding the analysis of selenium species. Beyond
the method employed for actual measurements, we propose to review the preanalytic steps
for sample handling in biological matrices, which directly affect results that will be more accurate
with careful pretreatment. Furthermore, to reach better outcomes in terms of the identification of selenium
species, different combinations of techniques might be the answer. We highlight here the
last and the cutting-edge methods to identify and quantify selenium such as, high-performance
liquid chromatography combined to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS),
hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-AAS), hydride-generation combined
to atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS), or to inductively coupled plasma optical emission
spectrometry (HG-ICP-OES). This review emphasizes the importance of such investigations and
the need to achieve reliable, safe, and effective quantification and methods of determination.