bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finding Structure in Modern Dance
Authors: Monroy Claire , Wagner Laura
Published: November 2023

Research has shown that both adults and children organize familiar activity into discrete units with consistent boundaries, despite the dynamic, continuous nature of everyday experiences. However, less is known about how observers segment unfamiliar event sequences. In the current study, we took advantage of the novelty that is inherent in modern dance. Modern dance features natural human motion but does not contain canonical goals—therefore, observers cannot recruit prior goal‐related knowledge to segment it. Our main aims were to identify whether observers segment modern dance into the steps intended by the dancers, and what types of cues contribute to segmentation under these circumstances. Experiment 1 used a classic event segmentation task and found that adults were able to consistently identify only a few of the dancers’ intended steps. Experiment 2 tested adults in an offline labeling task. Results showed that steps which could more easily be labeled offline in Experiment 2 were more likely to be segmented online in Experiment 1.
Optimal resting heart rate and ascites‐related death in patients with cirrhosis and ascites using nonselective beta‐blockers (ORCA)
Authors: Mingpun Warunee , Sobhonslidsuk Abhasnee , Chumnumwat Supatat
Published: November 2023

Nonselective beta‐blockers (NSBBs) may exacerbate ascites by impairing cardiac function. This study evaluated the impact of achieving a heart rate target of 55–60 beats per minute (bpm) on ascites‐related death and complications from worsening ascites in patients with cirrhosis and diuretic‐responsive ascites using NSBBs. A retrospective study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University (2012–2022) and analyzed patients with cirrhosis and diuretic‐responsive ascites using NSBBs (propranolol/carvedilol) for variceal bleeding prophylaxis. The outcomes were incidence of ascites‐related death and complications from worsening ascites, comparing the achievable target group (heart rate 55–60 bpm) and the unachievable target group (heart rate >60 bpm). A total of 206 patients were included in the study, with a median follow‐up time of 20 months. The patients were divided into an achievable target group (n = 75, median heart rate = 58.0 bpm) and an unachievable target group (n = 131, median heart rate = 73.6 bpm). Propranolol was the most used NSBB (95.1%). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for ascites‐related death from spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) or refractory ascites (RA) or hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) or hepatic encephalopathy (HE) showed no difference between the groups (adjusted HR 0.59 [0.23–1.54]; p = 0.28). Additionally, no significant difference was found in the incidence of complications between groups, including SBP, RA, HRS, and HE. Achieving a heart rate target of 55–60 bpm with NSBBs for variceal bleeding prophylaxis is safe in patients with diuretic‐responsive ascites and cirrhosis.
Whole blood viscosity is associated with reduced myocardial mechano‐energetic efficiency in nondiabetic individuals
Authors: Riccio Alessia , Cefalo Chiara M. A. , Mazzanti Camilla , Vero Laura , Fiorentino Teresa Vanessa , Massimino Mattia , Monea Giuseppe , Succurro Elena , Perticone Maria , Sciacqua Angela , Andreozzi Francesco , Sesti Giorgio
Published: November 2023

Introduction

This cross‐sectional study aimed to investigate the association between myocardial mechano‐energetic efficiency (MEE) and whole blood viscosity (WBV) in nondiabetic adults participating in the CATAnzaro MEtabolic RIsk factors (CATAMERI) study.

Methods

1143 participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test and an echocardiogram for myocardial MEE per gram of left ventricular mass (MEEi) measurement. WBV was measured as: [0.12 × h] + [0.17 × (p‐2.07)], where h is haematocrit and p is plasma protein levels.

Results

Study population includes 595 males and 548 females with a mean age of 46 ± 12 years and a mean BMI of 30.0 ± 6.2 kg/m2. Individuals with normal glucose tolerance were 63%, while those with impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance and or the combination of both were 14.3%, 13% and 9.7%, respectively. A univariate analysis showed that MEEi was significantly associated with sex, age, smoking, BMI, waist circumference, total cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA‐IR index, glucose tolerance, C‐reactive protein, haematocrit, haemoglobin, plasma protein and WBV. In a multivariable regression model including variables that were significantly associated with MEEi in univariate analysis, MEEi was associated with HOMA‐IR (β = −0.144, p < .001), age (β = −0.140, p < .001), WBV (β = −0.129, p < .001) and glucose tolerance (β = −0.064, p = .04). The independent association between WBV and MEEi remained statistically significant (β = −0.122, p < .001) when antihypertensive therapy and lipid‐lowering therapy were included in the model.

Conclusion

WBV is associated with decreased myocardial MEE independently of other cardiovascular risk factors.
The influence of a copper efflux pump in Histoplasma capsulatum virulence
Authors: Moraes Dayane , Tristão Gabriel Brum , Rappleye Chad A. , Ray Stephanie C. , Ribeiro‐Dias Fátima , Gomes Rodrigo Saar , Assunção Leandro do Prado , Paccez Juliano Domiraci , Zancopé‐Oliveira Rosely Maria , Silva‐Bailão Mirelle Garcia , Soares Célia Maria de Almeida , Bailão Alexandre Melo
Published: November 2023

During the infectious process, pathogenic microorganisms must obtain nutrients from the host in order to survive and proliferate. These nutritional sources include the metallic nutrient copper. Despite its essentiality, copper in large amounts is toxic. Host defense mechanisms use high copper poisoning as a fungicidal strategy to control infection. Transcriptional analyses showed that yeast cultured in the presence of copper or inside macrophages (24 h) had elevated expression of CRP1, a copper efflux pump, suggesting that Histoplasma capsulatum could be exposed to a high copper environment in macrophages during the innate immune stage of infection. Accordingly, macrophages cultured in high copper are more efficient in controlling H. capsulatum growth. Also, silencing of ATP7a, a copper pump that promotes the copper influx in phagosomes, increases fungal survival in macrophages. The rich copper environment faced by the fungus is not dependent on IFN‐γ, since fungal CRP1 expression is induced in untreated macrophages. Appropriately, CRP1 knockdown fungal strains are more susceptible to macrophage control than wild‐type yeasts. Additionally, CRP1 silencing decreases fungal burden in mice during the phase of innate immune response (4‐day postinfection) and CRP1 is required for full virulence in a macrophage cell lines (J774 A.1 and RAW 264.7), as well as primary cells (BMDM). Thus, induction of fungal copper detoxifying genes during innate immunity and the attenuated virulence of CRP1‐knockdown yeasts suggest that H. capsulatum is exposed to a copper‐rich environment at early infection, but circumvents this condition to establish infection.
Adding cricket (Gryllus assimilis) flour in hybrid beef patties: physicochemical, technological and sensory challenges
Authors: Gomes Martins Victória M. , Milano Patrícia , Rodrigues Pollonio Marise A. , dos Santos Mirian , de Oliveira Aline Pedrosa , Savay‐da‐Silva Luciana Kimie , Ferreira Ignácio Câmara Ana K. , de Souza Paglarini Camila
Published: November 2023

The effect of replacing partially lean meat (21.7% protein, 4.5% fat) with cricket (Gryllus assimilis) flour (CF) in the physicochemical, technological and sensory properties of beef patties was evaluated. Four formulations were elaborated, a control with 66% w/w of beef (FC) and the others with substitution of the meat at 10 (F10%), 15 (F15%) and 20% w/w (F20%) levels with CF. Analysis of chemical composition, shrinkage, cooking yield, moisture and fat retention, pH, colour, lipid oxidation (TBARS), texture and sensory profile (Acceptance test and CATA questions) were performed. An increase in fat content, moisture and fat retention was observed in products with cricket flour. Adding CF resulted in softer meat products with lower shrinkage and cooking loss. FC was lighter and redder than products with CF. TBARS values were higher as CF addition increased, with no difference among FC and F10%. FC and F10% had greater sensory acceptance (scores above 8.0 and 7.0 for overall liking, respectively). By the CATA test consumers linked FC and F10% with the descriptors associated with overall liking, such as burger aroma, meat aroma and juicy and F15% and F20% were associated with undesirable descriptors such strange and unpleasant aroma, bad and dry appearance, sandy and crumbly. The results showed that cricket flour could replace beef by a fraction of up to 10%, obtaining a hybrid meat product with appropriate technological and sensory characteristics.
Leveraging Indian pulse proteins for plant‐based mock meat III: physicochemical characterisation, FTIR spectra and texture profile analysis of meat analogues
Authors: Penchalaraju Malleboina , Poshadri Achinna , Swaroopa Gugulothu , Nikkam Indra Teja , John Don Bosco Sowriappan
Published: November 2023

The current study was designed to supersede the meat protein with pulse‐based proteins and to determine the suitability of the processing method for commercialisation of plant protein meat analogues. The pulse protein concentrates (PPCs) were extracted from green gram, horse gram and cowpea using alkaline/isoelectric precipitation method. The PPCs were subjected for physicochemical, morphological, GC–MS and thermal analysis. The PPCs of green gram to horse gram to cowpea were used in the ratio of (20:20:20) T1, (30:15:15) T2 and (15:20:15) T3 to prepare deep‐fried meatballs. All the PPCs exhibited collapsed and wrinkled surface. The horse gram protein concentrates exhibited the highest denaturation temperature (Td °C) 89.50 ± 2.57 and enthalpy (ΔH (J g−1)) (287.73 ± 9.64) iterating better thermal stability compared to other samples. FTIR spectra indicated the presence of O–H stretching wide bands for mutton deep‐fried meatballs (3321.22 cm−1) and plant‐based deep‐fried meatballs (3288.28 cm−1), whereas PPCs in the region of (3275–3278 cm−1). Two C‐H bands and the main secondary structural components such as α‐helix, β‐sheet, β‐turn and random coil of PPCs were observed in the region of 1600–1700 cm−1. Amide N–H bending (1400–1500 cm−1) and the C–O stretching bands (1000–1300 cm−1) were observed for all the samples. The plant‐based deep‐fried meatball formulated at the ratio of 20:20:20 (T1) was closely related to the mutton deep‐fried meatballs in terms of organoleptic properties (colour, texture, juiciness and overall acceptability), colour properties (L* and b*) and textural properties such as hardness, adhesiveness and cohesiveness. These findings will open new research horizons in this area and pave the way for the commercialisation of meat substitutes, which will reduce the environmental impact and carbon footprint.
Chronic kidney disease and Charlson comorbidity index predict complications after robot‐assisted radical cystectomy: A single‐center study in Japan
Authors: Matsukawa Atsuki , Morizane Shuichi , Shimizu Ryutaro , Teraoka Shogo , Nishikawa Ryoma , Yamaguchi Noriya , Iwamoto Hideto , Hikita Katsuya , Honda Masashi , Nonomura Norio , Takenaka Atsushi
Published: November 2023

Objectives

To investigate preoperative patient factors that may predict the occurrence of perioperative complications following robot‐assisted radical cystectomy at a single center in Japan.

Methods

From 2013 to 2022, 103 patients underwent RARC at our institution. Complications within 90 days after surgery were assessed using the Clavien–Dindo classification. Preoperative characteristics and surgical outcomes were compared between cohorts with and without complications ≥grade 3. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors associated with perioperative complications.

Results

Overall, 27% of patients (27/103) experienced grade 3 or higher complications. The cohort that developed complications ≥grade 3 exhibited significantly higher Charlson comorbidity index (p = 0.046) and significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.048). Charlson comorbidity index ≥2 (p = 0.037) and estimated glomerular filtration rate <53 (p = 0.008) were independent predictors for the occurrence of complications ≥grade 3. The incidence of complications ≥grade 3 was 61.5% in the group possessing both factors, which was significantly higher than those in the groups possessing neither factor nor only one of the two factors.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the Charlson comorbidity index and preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate may be predictors of perioperative complications. It is important to evaluate the patient's preoperative characteristics and choose the surgical procedure accordingly.
Cardiovascular responses to mianserin hydrochloride: a comparison with tricyclic antidepressant drugs.
Authors: Burgess CD , Turner P , Wadsworth J
Published: November 2023

1. The cardiovascular responses of mianserin hydrochloride and tricyclic antidepressant drugs were investigated using non‐invasive methods of cardiac investigation. A study of the interaction of mianserin and antihypertensive drug therapy is reported. 2. In six normal volunteers, mianserin hydrochloride 20 mg was shown to prolong the corrected Q‐T interval at 150 min (P less than 0.001). It did not affect heart rate, systolic time intervals or the peak normalized derivative of the apexcardiogram. Amitriptyline 50 mg increased the corrected pre‐ejection period interval (PEPI) and the PEP/left ventricular ejection time (LVET) ratio of the systolic time intervals at 150 min (P less than 0.001). Q‐T interval was shortened at 90 minutes. 3. In a double‐blind patient study, clomipramine increased heart rate, P‐R interval, QRS and corrected Q‐T interval in one patient at 2 weeks. Mianserin prolonged corrected Q‐T interval at 1 week but this returned to the pretreatment time by 2 weeks in two patients. 4. In an open study, mianserin 20 mg three times daily did not antagonize the hypotensive action of propranolol or propranolol and hydrallazine in three patients. 5. In a double‐blind study in three patients with desmethylimipramine 25 mg three times daily, mianserin 20 mg three times daily did not antagonize the hypotensive action of either guanethidine or bethanidine.
Anticholinergic and blood pressure effects of mianserin, amitriptyline and placebo.
Authors: Kopera H
Published: November 2023

1. Eighteen healthy male volunteers were treated at random in double‐ blind conditions with mianserin, amitriptyline, or placebo for 8 days. Measurements were made of various parameters indicative of anticholinergic and blood pressure effects. 2. Mianserin showed no significant anticholinergic effects on any of the measures used. Compared with placebo, mianserin significantly reduced pupil diameter and tended to increase salivary production and increase the distance of the near point. 3. Amitriptyline showed evidence of anticholinergic effects in that salivary production fell to a level significantly lower than that of the mianserin‐ or placebo‐treated subjects. The distance of the near point tended to increase during amitriptyline treatment. Compared with placebo, amitriptyline also significantly reduced pupil diameter on some occasions. 4. Amitriptyline produced postural hypotension to a statistically significant degree, whereas this effect was not observed during mianserin treatment. 5. In conclusion, mianserin in doses of up to 60 mg daily given to healthy males seemed to lack the anticholinergic effects and postural hypotension associated with amitriptyline treatment.
Electroencephalogram study of mianserin in depressed patients.
Authors: Irwin P , Fink M
Published: November 2023

1. Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings and blood level assessments were included in a clinical comparison of the effects of mianserin (GB− 94), imipramine and placebo in depressed, hospitalized patients during a 3‐week observation period. 2. Temporal changes in behavioural ratings were observed, but these failed to be distinguished among the active drugs and placebo. EEG measures also showed temporal changes, but these also failed to distinguish among the drug conditions, except at 2 h after administration of the first dose. 3. Plasma levels of mianserin were obtained with EEG recordings in a temporal relationship to the behavioural assessments. There were no correlations between the changes in EEG variables and plasma levels of mianserin, or between EEG and behavioural variables, except on acute administration. The lack of discrimination for the EEG variables may be related to the quality of the EEG recordings and the poor control of the temporal relationships of behavioural assessments to EEG recording and drug dosing.
Comparative double‐blind trial of mianserin hydrochloride (Organon GB94) and diazepam in patients with depressive illness.
Authors: Russell GF , Niaz U , Wakeling A , Slade PD
Published: November 2023

1. The antidepressant action of mianserin was tested in a double‐blind clinical trial lasting 6 weeks. Forty‐six patients with moderate to severe degrees of depression were treated at random with mianserin or diazepam. Patients who failed to improve by week 3 were taken out of the trial. 2. Mianserin was more effective than diazepam in reducing scores on the Hamilton Rating Scale for depression. Fewer patients allocated to mianserin had to be withdrawn from the trial on account of failure to improve. Mianserin was more effective than diazepam in reducing symptoms of 'retarded depression' and as effective as diazepam in reducing symptoms of 'anxious depression'. 3. Mianserin did not cause any more side‐effects than diazepam, very few side‐effects being encountered with either drug. 4. The design of this trial on antidepressant drugs is commended on ethical grounds.
Relationship between mianserin plasma levels and antidepressant effect in a double‐blind trial comparing a single night‐time and divided daily dose regimens.
Authors: Montgomery S , McAuley R , Montgomery DB
Published: November 2023

1. Twenty‐six in‐patients and 24 out‐patients suffering from moderate or severe primary depressive illness were randomly allocated to either a single night‐time dose of mianserin 60 mg or a three times daily regimen in a double‐blind controlled trial. 2. There was no significant difference in antidepressant effect between the two dosage regimens in either patient group measured using Hamilton Rating Scale (HRS), the Beck Self‐Rating Inventory (BSRI) and the new Montgomery and Asberg Depression Scale (MADS). 3. A significant negative correlation (‐0.36 P less than 0.05) was found between plasma levels and clinical response using the MADS. A trend for patients with low levels to do worse was also observed suggesting a curvilinear relationship. A highly significant poorer clinical response in patients with levels above 70 microgram/1 was observed using the MADS (t = 3.33, P less than 0.005). This was also seen with the HRS (t = 2.42, P less than 0.02). 4. A significant correlation (r = 0.29, P less than 0.05) with age is reported, and a highly significant increased variability (F = 7.07, P less than 0.001) of mianserin plasma levels in patients over 55 was demonstrated.
Analysis and prevention of falls among community‐dwelling older adults in southern Thailand
Authors: Pantong Uraiwan , Trapero Isabel , Jareaprapal Urai
Published: November 2023

Aim

To analyse fall prevalence, risk factors and perceptions among Thai older adults to design a prevention model.

Design

Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using a convergent parallel mixed‐methods design.

Methods

A cross‐sectional analysis was conducted using secondary data from health screenings of older adults in 20 subdistrict hospitals in southern Thailand from January 2018 to September 2019 (n = 12,130). In‐depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with purposively sampled participants who were representatives of older adults and stakeholders (n = 50).

Results

The quantitative analysis showed that the prevalence of falls was 12.1%. The independent risk factors were female gender, employment status, cognitive impairment, semi‐dependent functional ability, balance problems, vision impairment, hearing difficulties, use of medications, reliance on assistive devices and access to outdoor toilets. The qualitative analysis revealed misconceptions on falls and fall prevention measures among older adults and community stakeholders. In Thailand, healthcare providers and community nurses play a crucial role in providing primary advice and conducting interventions, yet they encounter obstacles due to lack of personnel, time constraints, limited resources, inadequate support and unclear policies. Stakeholders stress the urgency of improving practice guidelines, developing evidence‐based strategies and aligning with government policies.

Conclusions

Fall risk factors and prevention challenges among older adults were identified. Effective fall prevention programmes are needed.

Impact

The identified fall events may guide public health agencies and local administrations in planning fall prevention programmes. For implementation in Thai communities, teamwork among leaders and stakeholders is key.

Patient or Public Contribution

IDIs and FGDs were conducted with older adults, village health volunteers, nurses, healthcare providers, local organization administrators and village headmen.
Digital health intervention on patient safety for children and parents: A scoping review
Authors: Park Jisu , Jeon Heejung , Choi Eun Kyoung
Published: November 2023

Aim

To explore digital health interventions on patient safety for children and their parents.

Design

A scoping review.

Methods

The PCC ‘Participants, Concepts, and Contexts’ guided the selection of studies that focused on children under 19 years of age or their parents, patient safety interventions for children, and digital health technology for patient safety interventions. This study was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley framework's five steps. We reported the review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist.

Data Sources

PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane were searched for articles published up to November 2022.

Results

A total of 13 articles were included and categorized according to the following criteria to describe the results: intervention characteristics, type of digital technology, and outcome characteristics. Regarding intervention characteristics, we identified two categories, prevention and risk management. Additionally, we identified four types of digital technology, mobile applications, web‐based technologies, computer kiosks and electronic health records. Finally, in studies focussing on child safety, parental safety behaviours were used to assess injury risk or detect changes related to prevention.

Conclusion

Patient safety interventions provided through appropriate digital technologies should be developed to enhance continuum of care for children from hospitalization to home after discharge.

Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

Digital health interventions can bolster the role of healthcare providers in patient safety in and out of hospitals, thus improving children's safety and quality of care.

Impact

What problem did the study address? Although the various advantages of digital health technology have been demonstrated, the potential role of digital technology in patient safety interventions for children has not been explored.

What were the main finding? Preventive patient safety interventions and risk management for children have been developed.

Where and on whom will the research have an impact? Digital health interventions on patient safety can improve children's safety and quality of care by promoting non‐face‐to‐face engagement of children and parents after discharge and expanding healthcare providers' roles.

Trial and Protocol Registration

Registered on the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/dkvst).

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution.
The influence of different tooth proportions obtained using digital smile design on the perception of smile esthetics
Authors: Dag Onur Dogan , Dagli Isil , Kurt Aysegul
Published: November 2023

Objective

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of designs using different esthetic dental proportions made with a digital smile design program on the esthetic perception of individuals of different ages, genders and educational statuses.

Materials and Methods

Different smile designs were made on facial photos taken of a female and male model using a smile design program. Four different dental proportions (golden proportion [GPR], golden percentage [GPE]), Preston proportion [P] and recurring esthetic dental proportion [RED]) and two different tooth shapes (oval and square) were used. Images with 16 different smile designs were presented to 4th and 5th‐year students of a faculty of dentistry, dentists, specialist dentists and laypersons for scoring.

Results

The gender of the participants did not affect the scores given (p > 0.05), and participants over the age of 30 and lay people had higher scores (p < 0.05). The GPR design was scored lower than RED when all designs were subdivided by tooth shape and gender (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The esthetic perceptions of people of different ages and dentistry education levels may differ from each other. Using the GPR when designing a digital smile may not be suitable for both genders.

Clinical Significance

If esthetic dental proportions are to be utilized when designing a smile, it may be more appropriate to use the P and RED proportions instead of the GPR. In addition, if the patients whose smiles will be designed are young and have received dental education, it should be considered that their esthetic expectations may be high. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0567043.
Influence of universal adhesives and silane coupling primer on bonding performance to CAD‐CAM resin‐based composites: A laboratory investigation
Authors: Eggmann Florin , Mante Francis K. , Ayub Jose M. , Conejo Julián , Ozer Fusun , Blatz Markus B.
Published: November 2023

Objective

Obtaining strong resin bonds to computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) resin‐based composites with dispersed fillers (CCRBCs) poses a challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of three universal adhesives and a two‐component silane coupling agent on the shear bond strength to three (CCRBCs).

Materials and Methods

Eight hundred and sixty‐four specimens of Brilliant Crios, Lava Ultimate, and Tetric CAD were polished or grit blasted, bonded with Adhese Universal DC, One Coat 7 Universal (OC7), and Scotchbond Universal Plus Adhesive (SBU) with or without a silane primer. Shear bond strength was measured after 24 h and 10,000 thermocycles. Linear regressions were performed (α = 0.05).

Results

After thermocycling, bond strengths were similar for the universal adhesives on polished Brilliant Crios and Lava Ultimate (p ≥ 0.408). Grit blasted Tetric CAD showed no significant differences (p ≥ 0.096). The silane primer had minimal impact on grit blasted Tetric CAD (p ≥ 0.384). The silane primer increased the bond strength of OC7 to Brilliant Crios (p = 0.001) but decreased the adhesion of SBU to Brilliant Crios and Lava Ultimate (p ≤ 0.018).

Conclusions

Bond strength of universal adhesives varied with CCRBC type. The two‐component silane coupling agent showed mixed effects on adhesive performance.

Clinical Significance

Selecting universal adhesives from the same CCRBC product line does not always guarantee superior bond strength. The efficacy of silane coupling agents differs based on the bonding substrate.
Nurses' adherence to patient safety protocols and its relationship with adverse patient events
Authors: Labrague Leodoro J.
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Ensuring patient safety is a critical component of healthcare delivery, and nurses play a vital role in adhering to patient safety protocols to prevent adverse events. However, studies linking nurses' adherence to these protocols with patient outcomes is scarce. This study has two‐fold purposes: (1) to examine determinants of nurses' adherence to patient safety protocols, and (2) to investigate the relationship between nurses' adherence to patient safety protocols and adverse patient events.

Design

A cross‐sectional design.

Methods

A total of 343 clinical nurses from five hospitals in the Philippines were included in this study. Two standardized scales were used to collect data, including the Patient Safety Adherence Scale and the Adverse Patient Events Scale. Data collection took place from April 2022 to August 2022.

Results

Adherence to patient safety protocols was generally moderate to high (M = 4.483), while nurse‐reported adverse events occurred at a lower frequency (M = 1.150). Lower adherence rates were identified in areas such as reporting safety errors (M = 3.950), conducting fall risk assessments (M = 4.299), and adhering to pressure ulcer prevention guidelines (M = 3.979). Patients' and their families' complaints (M = 2.129) and abuses (M = 1.475) were the most frequently reported adverse events. Increased adherence to safety protocols was associated with higher reporting of adverse patient events (β = 0.115, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Higher adherence to patient safety protocols resulted in an increased reporting of adverse patient events. The factors identified that contributed to nurses' adherence to patient safety protocols can be utilized in the development of strategies aimed at improving compliance, especially in areas where adherence is currently low.

Clinical Relevance

Healthcare organizations should prioritize efforts to enhance adherence to patient safety protocols, particularly in areas with lower compliance rates, through relevant trainings, resource provision, and support systems. Promoting a culture of open communication and reporting can significantly contribute to reducing adverse events and improving patient safety.
Comparison of surface characteristics of denture base resin materials with two surface treatment protocols and simulated brushing
Authors: Alouthah Hesham , Lippert Frank , Yang Chao‐Chieh , Levon John A. , Lin Wei‐Shao
Published: November 2023

Purpose

To investigate the effects of 4 denture base materials, 2 surface treatment protocols, and simulated brushing (SB) on the surface hardness, surface roughness, surface gloss, and the surface loss of denture base materials.

Materials and Methods

Four denture base resin material groups (compression‐molded, injection‐molded, 3D‐printed, and milled) with two different surface treatment protocols (polished and glazed) were utilized in this study. A total of 80 samples (n = 10) were evaluated for surface hardness (Vickers) before SB. SB was performed for each sample (custom‐built V8 cross brushing machine, 50,000 reciprocal strokes). Surface roughness (Ra) was measured before and after SB with a non‐contact optical profilometer. Surface gloss was performed using a glossmeter to determine changes in surface reflectivity of the specimens before and after SB. Surface loss (wear resistance) was measured after SB using optical profilometry. The effects of material, surface treatment, and SB on all surface characteristics were examined with two‐way and three‐way analysis of variance models (ANOVA) (α = 0.05).

Results

The polished compression‐molded group had significantly higher surface hardness than all other groups. The protective glaze coating significantly increased the surface hardness for all groups (P < 0.001). SB increased the surface roughness of all groups regardless of surface treatments (P < 0.001). The increase in surface roughness after SB was significantly higher with polished surface treatment than with a glazed surface treatment in all groups (P < 0.001). Surface gloss was significantly higher with the glazed surface treatment than with the polished surface treatment for all denture base materials (P < 0.001). After SB, milled denture base material showed the highest, and 3D‐printed material showed the second highest surface gloss compared to the other groups (P < 0.001), regardless of surface treatment. In all materials tested, surface glaze significantly decreased surface loss (P < 0.001). With the glaze surface treatment, compression‐molded denture base material had significantly less surface loss (more surface gain) than other materials, while with the polished surface treatment, 3D‐printed denture base material had the least surface loss when compared with other groups.

Conclusions

A single layer of nano‐filled, light‐polymerizing protective glaze coating has displayed potential for enhancing the longevity of denture base materials, as evidenced by increased hardness and wear resistance. Following simulated brushing, the milled denture material exhibited the highest surface gloss and lowest surface roughness among all groups, regardless of the surface treatment protocol. This indicates that milled denture base material possesses favorable surface properties and may serve as a viable alternative to traditional denture base materials.
“Not Being Counted”: Women's Place and Religious Space in Jewish Orthodox Communities During the COVID‐19 Crisis
Authors: FUCHS OFIRA , WERCZBERGER RACHEL , GUZMEN‐CARMELI SHLOMO
Published: November 2023

This article draws on the anthropology of crisis to analyze ways in which communal‐religious responses to crisis situations can reveal engrained social and cultural structures, and especially their gendered aspects. We focus on two alternative forms of Jewish communal prayer service that emerged in Orthodox communities in Israel during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic: street and balcony minyans. Based on interviews and texts, we explore Orthodox women's experiences of these new religious spaces that entailed the rearrangement of traditional gender and spatial boundaries. We show that while these spaces opened room for new religious experiences for women, they ultimately accentuated their experiences of exclusion. We argue that the destabilization of the physical religious space in these alternative communal prayers reinforced symbolic gender boundaries. Thus, our study not only demonstrates how crises can uncover the deep social grammar of a community, but also how they unearth processes that defy and challenge that grammar.
Immunoreactivity of canine, feline, and equine D‐dimer with antibodies to human D‐dimer
Authors: Brown Juliet E. , Noormohammadi Amir H. , Courtman Natalie F.
Published: November 2023

Background

Commercially available D‐dimer assays use antibodies against human D‐dimer, with limited sensitivity and specificity data in companion animals.

Objectives

To evaluate the immunoreactivity of D‐dimer in plasma of dogs, horses, and cats with commercially available antibodies to human D‐dimer.

Animals

Plasma samples were collected from healthy dogs and horses, and from surplus feline plasma submitted for diagnostic purposes.

Methods

Descriptive research study. A cross‐linked fibrin lysate was prepared from plasma samples, and SDS‐PAGE and immunoblotting were performed with a variety of commercially available antibodies to human D‐dimer.

Results

The selected antibodies demonstrated variable reactivity with D‐dimer of each species. The monoclonal antibody DD44 bound canine D‐dimer with good specificity and sensitivity, but this antibody did not react with feline or equine D‐dimer. The polyclonal antibody D2D bound putative D‐dimer in dogs, cats, and horses with good specificity, and higher sensitivity compared to human D‐dimer.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

The variable performance of commercially available human D‐dimer assays between species is, in part, because of inter‐species variation in D‐dimer immunoreactivity. The use of these assays should follow validation studies. Monoclonal antibody DD44 could be a focus for the development of a canine‐specific assay.
Emergency front‐of‐neck access in infants: A pragmatic crossover randomized control trial comparing two approaches on a simulated rabbit model
Authors: Riva Thomas , Goerge Simon , Fuchs Alexander , Greif Robert , Huber Markus , Lusardi Andrea C. , Riedel Thomas , Ulmer Francis F. , Disma Nicola
Published: November 2023

Background

Rapid‐sequence tracheotomy and scalpel‐bougie tracheotomy are two published approaches for establishing emergency front‐of‐neck access in infants. It is unknown whether there is a difference in performance times and success rates between the two approaches.

Aims

The aim of this cross‐over randomized control trial study was to investigate whether the two approaches were equivalent for establishing tracheal access in rabbit cadavers. The underlying hypothesis was that the time to achieve the tracheal access is the same with both techniques.

Methods

Between May and September 2022, thirty physicians (pediatric anesthesiologists and intensivists) were randomized to perform front‐of‐neck access using one and then the other technique: rapid‐sequence tracheotomy and scalpel‐bougie tracheotomy. After watching training videos, each technique was practiced four times followed by a final tracheotomy during which study measurements were obtained. Based on existing data, an equivalence margin was set at ∆ = ±10 s for the duration of the procedure. The primary outcome was defined as the duration until tracheal tube placement was achieved successfully. Secondary outcomes included success rate, structural injuries, and subjective participant self‐evaluation.

Results

The median duration of the scalpel‐bougie tracheotomy was 48 s (95% CI: 37–57), while the duration of the rapid‐sequence tracheotomy was 59 s (95% CI: 49–66, p = .07). The difference in the median duration between the two approaches was 11 s (95% CI: −4.9 to 29). The overall success rate was 93.3% (95% CI: 83.8%–98.2%). The scalpel‐bougie tracheotomy resulted in significantly fewer damaged tracheal rings and was preferred among participants.

Conclusions

The scalpel‐bougie tracheotomy was slightly faster than the rapid‐sequence tracheotomy and favored by participants, with fewer tracheal injuries. Therefore, we propose the scalpel‐bougie tracheostomy as a rescue approach favoring the similarity to the adult approach for small children. The use of a comparable equipment kit for both children and adults facilitates standardization, performance, and logistics.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05499273.
The Task and Goal Alignment Rubric: A tool for assessing the alignment of mathematical tasks and goals
Authors: Menke Jenna
Published: November 2023

Mathematics education researchers suggest that it is important for teachers to select mathematics tasks that align with their goals for students; however, this can be challenging as there are many facets of alignment to consider. In this article, I present a rubric that details the alignment between tasks and learning goals. This rubric was developed by adapting the Achieve protocol and making modifications based on responses of a Delphi model panel that applied the rubric. I then discuss the use of this rubric with preservice teachers in a course about teaching mathematics with technology and the positive impact it had on their understanding and ability to align tasks and learning goals. I conclude with possible future uses of this rubric for researchers, teachers, and teacher educators.
Cover Image
Authors: Shi Wen , Chen Shi , Zhang Huai , Zhang Zhen , Han Jiancheng
Published: November 2023

The cover image is based on the Research Article Insights on the uplift mechanism of the eastern Tibetan Plateau from the flexural isostasy study by Wen Shi et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12676.

image
Online democracy: Applying Hannah Arendt's model of democracy to the internet
Authors: Bláhová Sylvie
Published: November 2023

The internet is a major part of our lives today. This applies to politics as well, and accordingly, the question of whether it is possible to realize democracy on the internet has arisen. Using the arguments of Hannah Arendt, the paper aims to determine what online democracy should look like. It is argued that the internet's decentralized structure is advantageous because it facilitates the implementation of the Arendtian system of political councils. Due to the character of online political platforms – mainly social media – these political councils should ideally revolve around shared issues that simultaneously create the common world on the internet. At the same time, clear rules need to be laid down for the functioning of these online political councils. Based on Arendt's arguments, it is claimed in the paper that these rules include the principles of mutual promises and covenants on the issues themselves. It is also argued that because Arendt emphasizes the role of appearing in the public sphere, the process of authentication – that is, verifying that there is a concrete person with a physical body behind each online account that wants to actively participate in a particular online political council – is required.
Feline Heinz bodies interfering in standard bicarbonate analysis by the ABL90 FLEX
Authors: Strage Emma , Hillström Anna , Falkenö Ulrika , Sjöström Anna
Published: November 2023

Venous blood gases were analyzed with ABL90 FLEX in two cats with Heinz bodies in approximately 60% of the erythrocytes. The instrument demonstrated an inability to correctly report standard bicarbonate (stHCO3−), hematocrits, and hemoglobin concentrations by indicating an OXI spectrum mismatch alarm (ie, the spectrum of measured hemoglobin forms differed from the spectrum of calculated forms). Actual bicarbonate (aHCO3−) did not indicate any errors. The ABL90 FLEX uses spectrophotometry to measure hemoglobin, and the presence of Heinz bodies interfered with the measurement in these cases. Because hemoglobin is included in the formula for calculating stHCO3−, the instrument gave an alarm for stHCO3−. At follow‐up, Heinz bodies were present in only 2%–3% of the erythrocytes, and the ABL90 FLEX did not indicate any alarm messages. To the authors' knowledge, these are the first cases reported that have interference in stHCO3− measurements due to Heinz body formation using the ABL90 FLEX, a common blood gas instrument used in both veterinary and human critical care. The methodology used for evaluating acid–base status should be taken into consideration, and caution is needed when interpreting acid–base results in cats with Heinz bodies.
Efficacy of wearable vibration dressings on full‐thickness wound healing in a hyperglycemic rat model
Authors: Haba Daijiro , Ohmiya Takafumi , Sekino Masaki , Qin Qi , Takizawa Chihiro , Tomida Sanai , Minematsu Takeo , Sanada Hiromi , Nakagami Gojiro
Published: November 2023

Local low‐frequency vibration promotes blood flow and wound healing in hard‐to‐heal diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). However, vibration treatment is challenging in patients with DFUs due to wound management difficulties and low adherence. Consequently, developing wearable self‐care devices becomes imperative for effective wound healing. This study introduces a wearable vibration dressing and assesses its impact on wound healing in hyperglycemic rats. Low‐frequency vibration at 52 Hz was applied to the wound for 40 min/day in awake rats. Relative wound areas on post‐wounding days (PWDs) 4–7 were significantly smaller and the wound closure rate was significantly higher in the vibration group than in the control group (p < 0.05, respectively). The total haemoglobin at baseline and after vibration on post‐wounding day 7 was significantly larger in the vibration group than in the control group (p < 0.05). On PWD 7, the thickness of the granulation tissue was significantly higher in the vibration group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the number of blood vessels at the wound site and vascular endothelial growth factor A protein expression were significantly higher in the vibration group than in the control group (p < 0.05, respectively). The ratio of (CD68+/iNOS+)/(CD163+) macrophages in the vibration group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05). These results indicate the potential of wearable vibration dressings as new self‐care devices that can promote angiogenesis and blood flow, improve inflammation, and enhance wound healing in DFUs.
Factors affecting colonoscopy screening among first‐degree relatives of colorectal cancer patients: A mixed‐method systematic review
Authors: Li Rujin , Li Caixia , Liu Li , Chen Weicong , Bai Yang
Published: November 2023

Background

First‐degree relatives (FDRs) of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have a higher risk of developing CRC than the general population. Ensuring that these at‐risk populations receive colonoscopy screening is an effective strategy for reducing the increased risk, but the rates remain low. Colonoscopy screening behavior is influenced by factors at multiple levels. However, most previous reviews failed to review them and their interactions systematically.

Aims

To explore factors influencing FDRs' colonoscopy screening behavior according to the ecological model.

Method

A mixed‐method systematic review was performed in accordance with The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses (PRISMA) guideline. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using eight bibliographic databases (Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Data, and China Biology Medicine) for the period from January 1995 to February 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists were applied to assess studies qualities. A convergent integrated approach was used for data synthesis and integration.

Results

In total, 24 articles reporting on 23 studies were included. Only one study was rated low quality, and the other 22 studies were rated moderate to high quality. The findings revealed that certain factors and their interactions affected FDRs' colonoscopy screening behaviors according to the ecological model, including misconceptions about CRC and colonoscopy, concerns about the procedure, perceived susceptibility to developing CRC, health motivation, fear of CRC, fatalism, the recommendation from CRC patients, and recommendations from physicians, colonoscopy schedules, cancer taboo, health insurance and cost of colonoscopy.

Link evidence to action

Family communication‐centered multilevel interventions are recommended to promote colonoscopy screening behavior among FDRs of CRC patients.