bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pelaksanaan Program Keselamatan Pasien IGD di RS Vina Estetika Medan
Authors: Zebua Arianus , Bangun Herianto
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Patient safety is defined as a service that aims not to injure and harm patients or as a system in which hospitals make patient care safer. The target of compliance with patient identification correctly, effective communication with SBAR procedures, compliance by officers in maintaining hand hygiene, and compliance with identification of patients at risk of falling are still below 100%. The purpose of this study is to analyze the Implementation of the Emergency Room Patient Safety Program at the Vina Aesthetic Hospital Medan in 2021. This type of research is using descriptive descriptive with naturalistic nature. The data obtained through interviews with several main informants and additional informants, namely ER patients with the Triangulation method, can be concluded: Input (HR, every nurse or implementer in the ER has carried out patient safety well), Process (Patient Safety has been carried out in accordance with SOPs by applying maximum patient identification), Output (ER patient, feels that the identification has been carried out properly). The conclusion in this study is that the implementation of patient safety in the emergency room has been carried out following the patient safety SOP as much as possible. Keywords: Patient Safety, Nurse, Hospital  ABSTRAK  Keselamatan pasien (patient safety) didefinisikan sebagai layanan yang bertujuan untuk tidak menciderai dan merugikan pasien ataupun sebagai suatu sistem yang dimana rumah sakit membuat asuhan pasien lebih aman. Sasaran kepatuhan identifikasi pasien secara benar, komunikasi efektif dengan prosedur SBAR, kepatuhan petugas dalam menjaga kebersihan tangan, dan kepatuhan identifikasi pasien yang beresiko jatuh pencapaiannya masih berada dibawah 100%. Adapun tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis Pelaksanaan Program Keselamatan Pasien IGD di RS Vina Estetika Medan Tahun 2021. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan kalitatif deskrftif dengan sifat naturalistik. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara beberapa informan utama dan informan tambahan yaitu pasien IGD dengan metode Triangulasi dapat disimpulkan: Input (SDM, setiap perawat atau pelaksana di IGD sudah melakukan pelaksanaan keselamatan pasien dengan baik), Process (Keselamatan Pasien yang sudah dilakukan dengan sesuai SOP dengan menerapkan identifikasi pasien secara maksimal), Output (Pasien Ruang IGD, merasa sudah dilakukan identifikasi dengan baik). Keseimpulan dalam penelitian ini bahwa pelaksanaan safety patient di ruang IGD sudah terlaksana mengikuti SOP keselamatan pasien semaksimal mungkin. Kata Kunci: Keselamatan Pasien, Perawat, Rumah Sakit
Mekanisme Molekuler Pemanfaatan Wolbachia terhadap Virus Dengue
Authors: Nugraha Gita Rahmania
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT The incidence of dengue fever has increased drastically worldwide in recent decades. The increase in dengue fever shows that disease control programs are ineffective, new alternatives are needed. Wolbachia is used as a new alternative. This research aims to understand how the use of Wolbachia can influence the development of the dengue virus molecularly. This is a type of descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The research design is based on a systematic review study by collecting relevant journals indexed by Sinta and Google Scholar. The research results show that genetic manipulation of mosquitoes using Wolbachia bacteria can cause a decrease in virus copies and RNA copies with the mosquito's ability to block virus replication, all of which is related to cytoplasmic incompatibility. Wolbachia bacteria show potential as DENV biocontrol agents. This endosymbiotic bacteria, if integrated into the Aedes aegypti population, can reduce the ability of mosquitoes to spread the dengue fever virus. A comparison of four dengue fever isolates shows differences in the amount of RNA translated which affects the envelope protein E on the use of Wolbachia bacterial cells. Further studies are needed regarding the ratio of bases in RNA in dengue fever viruses. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, Dengue, Wolbachia  ABSTRAK Insiden demam berdarah telah meningkat secara drastis di seluruh dunia dalam beberapa dekade terakhir. Meningkatnya penyakit demam berdarah menunjukkan bahwa program pengendalian penyakit tidak efektif, diperlukan alternatif baru. Wolbachia digunakan sebagai alternatif baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana pemanfaatan Wolbachia dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan virus dengue secara molekuler. Merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Desain penelitian didasarkan pada studi systematic review dengan mengumpulkan jurnal - jurnal yang relevan terindeks Sinta dan Google Scholar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manipulasi genetik nyamuk menggunakan bakteri Wolbachia dapat menyebabkan penurunan salinan virus dan RNA copy dengan kemampuan nyamuk dalam memblokir replikasi virus yang mana semuanya berkaitan dengan ketidakcocokan sitoplasma. Bakteri Wolbachia menunjukkan potensi sebagai agen biokontrol DENV. Bakteri endosimbiotik ini jika diintegrasikan ke dalam populasi Aedes aegypti dapat menurunkan kemampuan nyamuk dalam menyebarkan virus demam berdarah. Dari perbandingan empat isolat demam berdarah menunjukan perbedaan jumlah RNA yang ditranslasikan sehingga mempengaruhi envelope protein E terhadap penggunaan sel bakteri Wolbachia. Diperlukan pengkajian lebih lanjut mengenai perbandingan basa di RNA pada virus demam berdarah. Kata Kunci: Aedes Aegypt, Dengue, Wolbachia
Kajian Penanganan Hepatitis B Berdasarkan Perilaku dan Pemeriksaan Molekuler
Authors: Lestari Gita Dwi , Kafesa Ally
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Hepatitis B is still a major global health problem, chronic hepatitis B can cause cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis B transmission can be transmitted vertically (from mother to child) or horizontally (from one person to another). Hepatitis B has a genome in the form of a circular double helix of DNA with a length of around 3020-3320 nucleotides. This research aims to study Hepatitis B treatment based on behavior and molecular examination. This research is a type of descriptive research, through literature searches from various national and international journals. The articles used are from 2018 to 2023. The results of the study show that good cognitive knowledge about Hepatitis B will be associated with good behavior towards prevention so that it can reduce the incidence of Hepatitis B, men (84%) and blood type A (41) . %) are more often infected with the hepatitis B virus, pregnant women with reactive HBsAg have good knowledge (83%), the status of children with reactive HBsAg (7.5%), meaning that there is still failure in passive immunization. The conclusion of this research is that treating hepatitis B will be easier based on the characteristics of the virus using a genetic approach. Measurement of HBV DNA levels is carried out using PCR, HBV DNA can be done qualitatively, directly quantitatively, and analyzing mutant HBV DNA. Keywords: Behavior, Hepatitis B, Molecular Examination  ABSTRAK Hepatitis B masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global yang utama, hepatitis B kronis dapat menyebabkan sirosis dan kanker hati. Transmisi hepatitis B dapat menyebar secara vertikal (dari ibu ke anak) atau horizontal (dari satu individu ke individu lain). Hepatitis B memiliki genom berupa DNA heliks ganda melingkar dengan panjang sekitar 3020-3320 nukleotida.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari penanganan Hepatitis B berdasarkan perilaku dan pemeriksaan molekuler. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif, melalui penelusuran literatur dari berbagai jurnal nasional dan internasional. Artikel yang digunakan adalah dari tahun 2018 hingga tahun 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukan laki laki (84%) dan golongan darah A (41%) lebih banyak terinfeksi virus hepatitis B, ibu hamil yang HBsAg-reaktif memiliki pengetahuan yang baik (83%), status HBsAg anak sebanyak (7,5%) reaktif, artinya masih terdapat kegagalan dalam imuisasi pasif. Kadar AST (72%) dan ALT (49%) meningkat dan kadar Albumin (56%) rendah pada pasien hepatitis B. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu pengetahuan yang baik akan berhubungan dengan perilaku yang baik terhadap pencegahan serta penularan virus Hepatitis B. Penanganan hepatitis B akan lebih mudah berdasarkan karakteristik virus dengan pendekatan genetik, Pengukuran kadar HBV DNA dilakukan dengan menggunakan PCR, HBV DNA dapat dilakukan secara kualitatif, direk kuantitatif, dan menganalisis HBV DNA mutan. Kata Kunci: Hepatitis B, Pemeriksaan Molekuler, Perilaku
Manajemen Nyeri pada Pasien Penurunan Kesadaran di Ruang Perawatan Intensif : scooping review
Authors: Silviani Sinta , Trisyani Yanny , Emaliyawati Etika
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience resulting from tissue damage. Unconscious patients cannot directly communicate their pain to nurse, but this doesn’t meant they cannot feel pain. Pain in unconscious patients can arise from routine procedures such as prolonged immobilization to invasive procedures like surgery. Nursing interventions to manage pain are necessary to enhance patient comfort. This study aims to examine pain management in unconscious patients in the Intensive Care Unit. This type of research is a scoping review, searching for articles in the PubMed, SCOPUS, and EBSCO databases. The search process used keywords (unconscious patient OR coma OR sopor OR somnolent) AND (pain management OR pain relief OR pain control) AND (intensive care unit OR critical care OR HCU). 45 articles were found that matched the keywords, but only 5 articles were relevant to the review's objectives. Pain management for unconscious patients starts with recognizing pain symptoms, assessing pain, and followed by nursing interventions. Interventions that can be provided include TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation), foot massage, and music therapy.  Keywords: Pain Management, Unconscious patient, ICU   ABSTRAK  Nyeri merupakan pengalaman sensorik dan emosional yang tidak menyenangkan akibat adanya kerusakan jaringan. Pasien yang tidak sadar tidak dapat mengatakan rasa nyeri yang dirasakan secara langsung pada perawat namun bukan berarti tidak dapat merasakan nyeri. Rasa nyeri pada pasien tidak sadar dapat berasal dari tindakan rutin seperti imobilisasi lama, hingga tindakan invasif yang seperti tindakan pembedahan. Intervensi perawat untuk mengatasi nyeri perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat manajemen nyeri pada pasien penurunan kesadaran di ruang Intensive Care. Jenis penelitian ini adalah scooping review, dengan mencari artikel pada database Pubmed, SCOPUS dan EBSCO. Proses pencarian menggunakan kata kunci (unconscious patient OR coma OR soppor OR somnolent) AND (pain management OR pain relief OR pain control) AND (intensive care unit OR critical care OR HCU).  Didapatkan 45 artikel sesuai kata kunci namun hanya didapatkab 5 artikel yang sesuai dengan tujuan review. Manajemen nyeri pasien tidak sadar dimulai dari mengenali gejala nyeri, pengkajian nyeri dan dilanjutkan dengan intervensi keperawatan. Intervensi yang dapat diberikan adalah TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation), pijat kaki dan terapi musik.  Kata Kunci: Manajemen Nyeri, Pasien Tidak Sadar, ICU
Pengaruh Pemberian Aromaterapi terhadap Kecemasan Hospitalisasi pada Anak
Authors: Azizah Lina Wati Nur , Irdawati Irdawati , Putri Rosalia Dian Arsita
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Hospitalization is a crisis condition that requires sick children to undergo treatment. Children's anxiety responses during hospitalization mostly fall into three categories, namely a crying response when their parents leave them even for a short time, rebellion when given medical therapy, and refusal when an injection is given. Aromatherapy can stimulate the parasympathetic system, which can help reduce blood pressure and anxiety levels. To determine the effect of giving aromatherapy to reduce anxiety in children who are hospitalized. This case study uses a nursing care approach by applying aromatherapy therapy for 15 minutes given to five preschool-aged children who experienced anxiety due to hospitalization as measured using the Visual Anxiety Scale (VAS). Providing an aromatherapy intervention had an effect on reducing the anxiety scale in pre-school-aged children due to hospitalization. Conclusion: The intervention of giving aromatherapy for 15 minutes can reduce anxiety in children undergoing hospitalization. Keywords: Aromatherapy, Anxiety, Hospitalization, Children  ABSTRAK Hospitalisasi merupakan kondisi krisis yang mengharuskan anak sakit untuk menjalani perawatan. Respon kecemasan anak saat hospitalisasi paling banyak menunjukkan pada tiga kategori, yaitu respon menangis saat ditinggal orang tua walaupun dalam waktu singkat, memberontak saat diberikan terapi pengobatan, dan penolakan saat akan dilakukan injeksi. Aromaterapi dapat merangsang system parasimpatis yang dapat membantu mengurangi tekanan darah dan menurunkan tingkat kecemasan. Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian aromaterapi untuk mengurangis kecemasan pada anak yang mengalami hospitalisasi. Studi kasus ini menggunakan  pendekatan asuhan keperawatan dengan menerapkan terapi pemberian aromaterapi selama 15 menit yang diberikan pada lima anak usia prasekolah yang mengalami kecemasan akibat hospitalisasi yang diukur menggunakan Visual Anxiety Scale (VAS). Pemberian intervensi aromaterapi memberi pengaruh terhadap penurunan skala kecemasan pada anak usia pra sekolah akibat hospitalisasi. Intervensi pemberian aromaterapi selama 15 menit dapat menurunkan kecemasan pada anak  yang menjalani hospitalisasi. Kata Kunci: Aromaterapi, Kecemasan, Hospitalisasi, Anak
Analisis Stabilitas Glukosa, Trigliserida Dan Albumin Pada Pooled Serum
Authors: Diona Adara Aurelia , Kafesa Ally
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT The use of pooled sera made from leftover patient samples is one alternative to reduce laboratory quality control costs. Researchers aim to determine the stability of pooled serum as a control material for the parameters glucose, triglycerides and albumin. descriptive research with literature review method. The data source used is secondary data. The main source of article search by SINTA- Science and Technology. Analysis of the results used in this study is an analytical method. Month 1 CV glucose levels using pooled serum 5.31%, on commercial serum 7.91%. Month 2 pooled serum 4.87%, commercial serum 6.9%. Month 3 CV pooled serum 2.33%, commercial serum 4.61%. Month 1 CV of triglyceride using pooled serum 1.84%, commercial serum 3.47%. Month 2 pooled serum 1.63%, commercial serum 3.71%. Month 3 CV pooled serum 1.79%, commercial serum 3.30%.  Month 1 CV results of albumin levels using pooled serum 5.66%, commercial serum 5.69%. Month 2 CV pooled serum 4.46% and commercial serum 6.32%. Month 3 CV on pooled serum 4.85%, commercial 5.72%. Based on the results of the examination of glucose, triglyceride and albumin levels using pooled serum stored at -20 oC, the results were quite stable in the parameters of triglycerides and albumin. Keywords: Albumin, Glucose, Pooled Serum, Stability, Triglycerides  ABSTRAK Pemakaian pooled serum yang terbuat dari sisa sampel pasien merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi biaya pengendalian mutu laboratorium. Peneliti bertujuan mengetahui kestabilan pooled serum sebagai bahan kontrol pada parameter glukosa, trigliserida dan albumin. Penelitian desktiptif menggunakan metode literature review. Sumber data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder. Sumber pencarian artikel utama oleh SINTA- Science and Technology. Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian menggunakan metode analitik. CV bulan1 kadar glukosa menggunakan pooled serum 5.31 %, pada serum komersial 7.91%. Bulan 2 pooled serum 4.87 %, serum komersial 6.9%. Bulan 3 CV pooled serum 2.33 % , serum komersial 4.61 %. Bulan 1  CV trigliserida menggunakan pooled serum 1.84%, serum komersial 3.47%. Bulan ke 2 pooled serum  1.63%, serum komersial 3.71%. Bulan 3 CV pooled serum 1.79%, serum komersial 3.30%.  Hasil CV bulan 1 kadar albumin menggunakan pooled serum  5.66%, serum komersial sebesar 5.69%. Bulan ke 2 CV pooled serum 4.46% dan serum komersial 6,32%. Bulan ke 3 CV pada pooled serum 4.85% ,komersial  5.72%. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan kadar glukosa, trigliserida dan albumin menggunakan pooled serum yang disimpan pada suhu -20oC menunjukkan hasil yang cukup stabil pada parameter trigliserida dan albumin. Kata Kunci: Albumin, Glukosa, Pooled Serum, Stabilitas, Trigliserida
Kajian Kandidiasis dari Berbagai Sampel Klinis Laboratorium (Urine, Feses, dan Darah)
Authors: Sari Laila , Kafesa Ally
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Candida fungal infection is a group of normal microorganisms in the body. Candida sp. is well adapted to the body (pH, temperature, osmotic pressure, etc.) which is used to avoid the body's defense system, thus changing the saprophytic nature into a pathogen that damages body tissue. To detect Candida sp. infection can be done by examining laboratory clinical samples using urine, feces and blood. This research study to find out how Candida sp. can be found in these clinical samples. The review of scientific articles is descriptive using the cross sectional method. The results of this research study Candida sp. has predisposing factors that trigger its growth, such as age and gender, hygiene, use of antibiotic drugs, increased estrogen hormones. Candidiasis easily infects people with Diabetes Mellitus, Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), and transmission through health services. The Candida species most commonly found in urine clinical samples reaching 63% and feces samples reaching 65.6% were C. albicans species. Meanwhile, the most common species found in clinical blood samples reaching 62.8% was C. non-albicans species. Conclusion: Candida sp. can be found in laboratory clinical samples based on the conditions and predisposing factors in an individual. Keywords: Candidemia, Candidiasis, Laboratory Clinical Samples  ABSTRAK Infeksi jamur Candida merupakan sekelompok mikroorganisme normal dalam tubuh. Candida sp. mudah beradaptasi dengan baik pada tubuh (pH, suhu, tekanan osmotik, dan lain – lain) yang dimanfaatkan untuk terhindar dari sistem pertahanan tubuh, sehingga berubah sifat saprofit menjadi patogen yang merusak jaringan tubuh. Untuk mendeteksi infeksi Candida sp. dapat dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan sampel klinis laboratorium menggunakan urine, feses dan darah. Pada kajian penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana Candida sp. dapat ditemukan dalam sampel klinis tersebut.  Kajian artikel ilmiah adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode cross sectional. Hasil kajian penelitian ini Candida sp. memiliki faktor – faktor predisposisi yang memicu pertumbuhannya, seperti usia dan jenis kelamin, higienitas, penggunaan obat antibiotik, peningkatan hormon estrogen. Kandidiasis dengan mudah menginfeksi penderita Diabetes Mellitus, Tuberkulosis, HIV/AIDS, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), dan penularan melalui pelayanan kesehatan. Spesies Candida yang paling banyak ditemukan di dalam sampel klinis urine mencapai 63% dan sampel feses mencapai 65,6% adalah spesies C. albicans. Sedangkan, spesies yang paling banyak ditemukan pada sampel klinis darah mencapai 62,8% adalah spesies C. non-albicans. Candida sp. dapat ditemukan pada sampel klinis laboratorium berdasarkan kondisi dan faktor predisposisi pada suatu individu. Kata Kunci: Kandidemia, Kandidiasis, Sampel Klinis Laboratorium
Distribution and Molecular Characterization of Antibiotic-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Hospital Settings of Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Authors: Ali Seenaa Muhammed , Soor Taib Ahmed Hama , Ahmed Gashin Awat , Mhdin Glena Aziz , Othman Gulabakh Ali , Faiq Sarkhel Mhamad
Published: October 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant pathogen in hospital settings, notorious for its role in hospital-acquired infections and its ability to develop resistance to multiple antibiotics. This study investigates the prevalence, distribution, and antibiotic resistance gene profiles of P. aeruginosa in seven hospitals in Sulaymaniyah City. A total of 300 samples were collected from various hospital surfaces including mops, sinks, medical equipment, beds, desks, and floors. Using bacteriological, biochemical, and molecular methods, 66 isolates were confirmed as Pseudomonas species, with 26 identified as P. aeruginosa. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed resistance rates of 23.3% to streptomycin, 13.6% to tobramycin, 22.7% to moxifloxacin, 21.2% to levofloxacin, and 22.7% to norfloxacin. Furthermore, the antibiotic resistance gene detection showed the presence of the bla
CTX-M, bla
SHV, qnrB, and bla
ACC-1 genes among the isolates. The study highlights a 22% contamination rate of hospital surfaces with Pseudomonas species, emphasizing the urgent need for enhanced infection control measures and targeted antimicrobial stewardship to manage and reduce the spread of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa.
Preparation of Magnesium Titanate by Using Magnesium Chloride a Byproduct of Titanium Plant
Authors: Neelamegam David Solomon Godwin Babu , Ponnam Vijetha , Tondepu Subbaiah
Published: October 2024

This study explores the preparation of magnesium titanate using magnesium chloride, a byproduct of the titanium production plant as a precursor. The synthesis involves the reaction of MgCl2 with titanium tetrachloride under controlled thermal conditions. Initially, MgCl2 and TiCl4 are thoroughly mixed in stoichiometric proportions with an excess of oxalic acid solution to produce magnesium titanyl oxalate. The mixture is then subjected to a calcination process at temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 1000 °C in an oxygen-rich environment. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized MgTiO3 were analyzed using EDS, XRD, TG/DTA, SEM, and particle size analysis. This comprehensive set of analytical techniques provides a thorough understanding of the elemental, structural, thermal, morphological and physical characteristics of magnesium titanate. The formation of pure magnesium titanate is confirmed at temperatures above 800 °C, with lower temperatures leading to the presence of intermediate phases such as MgTi2O5. The synthesized MgTiO3 exhibits a homogeneous microstructure with well-defined grain boundaries, indicating successful preparation of the desired ceramic material.
Implementation of Parallel Applications on Linear Systolic and Star Topologies by Using Multistage Omega Network
Authors: Alsaffar Qusay Samir , Ben Ayed Leila
Published: October 2024

Contemporary computer architecture comprises multicomputer settings. Multiple computers provide the facility of high performance to implement multiple threads that are faster and concurrently with different processors that can execute tasks simultaneously. The challenges are as follows: cost and high performance. Certain firms have to provide funding to establish data centers that need locations, hardware, and technicians. After the passage of a period of time, such equipment requires maintenance (updating and upgrading) to take place on it. This paper tackles these challenges by passing the drawbacks of data centers. It provides an algorithm that simulates a virtual machine, as one client is to be connected with eight servers to implement two applications namely convolution and mathematical operations. To represent different topologies, the algorithm simulates supercomputer systems by applying multistage omega network topology and parallel processing. Two types of topologies execute linear systolic and star, and is implemented on transmission control protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP) protocols. The goal of this paper is to provide a kernel that draws near a cloud computing system by exploiting the JAVA programming language with its techniques (threading, socket, socket server, Datagram socket, and datagram packet). The results offer the connection between the client and servers to be successfully simulated by using multistage omega network. The linear systolic and star topologies are simulated in virtual parallel processing.
Popular science books in Russian libraries: Status, problems and prospects
Authors: Khoroshavina E. V. , Sokolova Yu. V.
Published: October 2024

The authors discuss the findings of the study “Popular science books in Russian libraries”. The purpose of the study was to get data on the existence, quantity and relevancy of these publications in the libraries. The authors cite the results of the survey and provide their conclusions on the libraries’ managing their popular science collections and related user services. The digital survey was based on Yandex Forms service and comprised quantitative data acquisition and analysis. The authors conclude that with the government’s focusing on science popularization among the population, the libraries act proactively, promote popular science literature and hold various events. However, further system organizational and methodological support is needed to build the unified system of straight interdepartmental control of popular science literature publishing and relevancy, and to improve libraries performance in this area. The authors specify several problems, in particular, lacking the common approach to publishing and using of popular science literature. The solutions lie in new approaches toward typological classification of this targeted publications and target user audience.
New horizons of science popularization in libraries
Authors: Mitroshin I. A. , Slashcheva N. A.
Published: October 2024

In the recent decade, the interest in popular science seminars, lectures and master classes has been growing, which is evidenced by the specialists of libraries, museums and educational organizations. The authors argue that the dialogue between science and society should be enhanced, and it is important to attract public attention to the achievements in science and technology and to cultivate learning interest. The authors review the process of science popularization in Russia and the world, as science popularization is seen as the essential part of educating information literacy and engaging wider community in the world of scientific knowledge. The authors discuss various methods and instruments of science and technology popularization. The focus is made on the role of specialized and academic libraries being the hubs of knowledge dissemination and scientific communication, and supporting different user groups. The authors provide several recommendations for the libraries, in particular, on how to organize popular science events and to develop specialized programs for different age user groups. New options for preserving scientific knowledge digital collections, their processing and further utilization, are also proposed.
Comparación de los diferentes métodos de diagnóstico para Helicobacter pylori, una visión de nuevas alternativas diagnósticas
Authors: Rivera Cáceres Estefanía Fernanda , Ortiz Tejedor Jonnathan Gerardo
Published: October 2024

Introducción. Se estima que aproximadamente la mitad de la población mundial ha sido infectada con H. pylori en algún momento; generalmente, la infección ocurre en la niñez, y puede persistir de por vida en el estómago si no se trata. Objetivo. Comparar los diferentes métodos de diagnóstico para H. pylori, y describir nuevas alternativas diagnósticas disponibles en la actualidad. Metodología. Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda detallada en bases de datos científicas, eligiendo estudios pertinentes según criterios determinados. Se consideraron características propias de cada método de diagnóstico, ventajas y desventajas, limitaciones presentes, utilizando tablas y compilaciones narrativas. Resultados. Se identificaron métodos de diagnóstico precisos y eficientes que permiten identificar de manera temprana la presencia de H. pylori. Además, se describieron métodos de diagnóstico molecular como la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Conclusión. Esta revisión enfatiza la relevancia de un diagnóstico oportuno para H. pylori destacando los nuevos métodos de diagnóstico existentes y el requerimiento de investigar más; ya que, a pesar de los avances en el diagnóstico, aún existen desafíos y limitaciones que deben superarse. Área de estudio general: Microbiología. Área de estudio específica: Bacteriología. Tipo de estudio:  Artículo original.
Comparison between Split Dose and Single Dose Bowel Laxatives for Preparation of Colonoscopy in Patients with Bangladeshi Diets: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rahman Md Muhibur , Alam Md Jahangir , Saha Madhusudan , Chowdhury Malay Kumar Sur , Ahmed Mostak Uddin , Rahman Muhammad Oliur
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Colonoscopy is an important diagnostic tool for colonic disease and its efficacy and safety have been correlated with adequate bowel preparation. This study compared the efficacy and tolerability of single-dose and split-dose sodium picosulfate lavage as a colon cleansing agent for colonoscopy preparation.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted at the Department of Gastroenterology in Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh from June 2021 to May 2022.A total of 110 patients were selected by randomized sampling technique who underwent elective colonoscopy and were divided into split-dose (n=57) and single-dose (n=53) laxative groups. Bowel preparation was assessed by the Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale (OBPS) and data were analyzed by SPSS 24.0.
Result: The mean age of the patients was 47.4±17.7(SD) years in split-dose and 47.6±15.9 (SD) years in single-dose group. Both groups were statistically similar in terms of socio-demographic profile, medical history, clinical manifestation, and indication of colonoscopy (p>0.05). The mean of total OBPS score (4.39±2.0 vs 5.56±2.2, p=0.004) and caecal intubation time (6.60±3 vs 7.74±2.5, p=0.035) was lower significantly in split-dose than the single-dose group. However, colonoscopy findings, adverse events, and patient compliance were similar between groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Split-dose is superior to single-dose bowel laxatives for colonoscopy preparation in terms of better mucosal cleanliness and lower caecal intubation time. However, further randomized controlled trial is recommended.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2024; 42: 329-335
Bus Services in Dhaka City - Users’ Experiences and Opinions
Authors: Rahman M Shafiq Ur , Nahrin Kasphia
Published: October 2024

Buses are the only available organized mass public transport system in Dhaka. However, the city is planning to have bus rapid transit (BRT) systems and metro systems to cater the increasing demand for public transport. The buses in Dhaka mostly remain over-crowded, which is often not accessible for the elderly or disabled people as well as for the women. Moreover, the frequency of bus service (headway) is not good. The paper reports the existing service and the users’ opinion about the service level of public bus operating within the city. For this purpose, 5 different bus routes had been chosen and a total of 175 passengers of bus (30 from each route) had interviewed with a pre determined structured questionnaire to know their experience/satisfaction and opinion about the existing service as well as their expectations. Surprisingly, it was found that most of the respondents are satisfied with the cost of ticket but very unsatisfied with the waiting time as they have to wait for the bus sometimes about an hour.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 5, Dec 2012, pp. 93-105
Developing a Generic Methodology for Traffic Impact Assessment of a Mixed Land Use in Dhaka City
Authors: Sharmeen Naila , Sadat Kimiaie , Zaman Nishat , Mitra Suman Kumar
Published: October 2024

A proficient transportation system has a great importance on the infrastructural as well as the overall economic development of a country. But the traffic volume of Bangladesh especially of the capital city Dhaka is growing at an alarming rate with the large number of population and development projects. The result is ultimately an inefficient transport system with traffic jam, congestion, irregular parking, low level of service, injured road network etc. A traffic impact assessment or TIA is an evaluation of the potential effects that a particular development’s traffic will have on the transportation network in its impact area. TIA includes formulation of traffic management schemes and recommendation of infrastructure for possible transportation and traffic problems that will be encountered during the construction and operation phases of projects. This article primarily focuses on developing a framework of TIA methodology for a mixed land use in context of Bangladesh. This study will use the TIA process to evaluate the effects of an ongoing project on its adjacent roads’ transportation system. From the ultimate result it is seen that, before the project was completed, the level of service of the New Market-Science Laboratory section of Mirpur road was E at base year condition (2009), but after the completion of the project the level of service of the same road has been turned into F at 2013.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners Vol. 5, Dec 2012, pp. 119-128
Áp dụng mô hình và cơ chế khuyến khích doanh nghiệp tham gia vào phát triển khoa học, công nghệ và đổi mới: Hướng đi cho Việt Nam
Authors: Phùng Minh Thu Thủy
Published: October 2024

Bài viết này phân tích các mô hình và cơ chế khuyến khích doanh nghiệp tham gia vào phát triển khoa học công nghệ và đổi mới sáng tạo tại một số quốc gia, từ đó rút ra bài học cho Việt Nam. Trong bối cảnh toàn cầu, công nghệ và đổi mới đóng vai trò quyết định trong việc thúc đẩy tăng trưởng kinh tế, nhưng doanh nghiệp gặp nhiều khó khăn trong việc đầu tư vào khoa học công nghệ và đổi mới. Các quốc gia phát triển đã triển khai các mô hình hợp tác công-tư, cụm công nghệ, và vườn ươm doanh nghiệp để hỗ trợ quá trình này. Ngoài các mô hình có thể áp dụng thì các cơ chế khuyến khích như chính sách thuế, hỗ trợ tài chính trực tiếp hay mạng lưới và hợp tác cũng được giới thiệu. Dựa trên các kinh nghiệm quốc tế, bài viết cũng tổng hợp và so sánh từ đó đề xuất giải pháp áp dụng các mô hình phù hợp với điều kiện thực tiễn của Việt Nam, nhằm nâng cao năng lực cạnh tranh và phát triển bền vững thông qua đổi mới sáng tạo.
Zinc Nanoparticles as a Cancer Therapeutic
Authors: Gelbard Amos
Published: October 2024

In this essay, Zinc specific method of use as Nano particles will be examined for its role as an anti-cancerous agent. In a long list of referenced studies, presented one by one by the authors' own words, in a seeming endless line, this essay will show that Zinc Nanoparticles are efficient against Cancer in a way that reaches maximum inhibition capacity. Unfortunately, per the researches available on this study, that only some would be summarized here for not to overload, but these studies are often in vitro, sometimes in vivo and mostly haven't been tested almost at all on humans. Since Zinc in all its forms is anti-cancerous, more studying regarding Zinc Nano particles and plain Zinc in the treatment of human cancer patients, is urgently needed.
Regional differences in diagnosis and management of cow's milk allergy
Authors: Hendricx Fabian , Robert Emma , Ramirez-Mayans Jaime A. , Arellano Karen Rubi Ignorosa , Monjaraz Erick M. Toro , Vandenplas Yvan
Published: October 2024

Background: Various guidelines for the diagnosis and management of cow's milk allergy (CMA) have been published.Purpose: This study aimed to compare voting outcomes of experts from Mexico, the Middle East, and the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) on statements regarding CMA Methods: The 3 expert groups voted on the same 10 statements. Each participant voted anonymously using a score of 0–9 (≥6 meant agreement; <5 reflected disagreement). If <75% of the participants agreed with the statement, it was rejected. None of the groups was aware of the voting outcomes of another group.Results: There was broad consensus amongst the 3 groups. Agreement was reached that infant colic as a single manifestation is not suggestive of CMA. All groups confirmed that an extensively hydrolysed formula is the preferred elimination diet in mild/moderate CMA cases; however, hydrolysed rice formula is an alternative. Amino acid-based formulas should be reserved for infants with severe symptoms. The discrepancy in voting outcomes regarding soy formulas highlights the differences in opinions. Two of 13 ESPGHAN experts (15%), 1 of 14 Middle Eastexperts (7%), and 6 of 26 Mexican experts (23%) disagreed with the statement that soy formula should not be the first choice for the diagnostic elimination diet but can be considered in some cases for economic, cultural, and palatability reasons. All of the ESPGHAN and Mexican experts agreed that there was no added value of probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics to the efficacy of elimination diets on CMA, whereas 3 of 14 Middle East experts (21%) determined that there was sufficient evidence.Conclusion: Although all statements were accepted by the 3 groups, there were relevant differences illustrating variations according to geography, culture, cost, and formula availability. These findings emphasize the need for region-specific guidelines.
Sending pictures over radio systems of trail cam in border security and directing uavs to the right areas
Authors: Yılmaz Vedat
Published: October 2024

In this study, a method is proposed for the trail cams to send data via narrow band communication systems in border security and counter-terrorism areas and to direct drones to the right areas. The success of UAVs lies in scanning the correct areas for observation or detection. UAVs should be fed with data to observe the correct regions, and the probability of detecting border security or terrorist elements should be increased. Instantaneous detection is performed by trail cam, which generally operate dependent on GSM. However, these devices cannot provide real-time data in border areas with low population density and no GSM service, particularly in counter-terrorism operations. In this study, the dependence of trail cam devices on GSM was eliminated, and data transfer over the radio system was established to enable real-time data flow in a wide field. After the trail cam device makes a detection, the data is sent via the APCO-25 JEMUS radio system with a capacity of 9.6 KB. The resolution of the detection image is reduced, allowing it to be displayed on a remote-control computer in less than one minute. As a result of the study, when an intelligent trail cam with object recognition capability is developed, the device can assess what the image might be in real-time. Obtaining real time detection data from trail cams in border areas and counter-terrorism zones without GSM infrastructure can expedite the direction of UAVs to the correct regions for intervention by military units. Additionally, confirming that trail cam detects via narrowband communication systems in locations where units are temporarily stationed and without alpine terrain minimizes the surveillance vulnerability of UAVs unable to perform imaging due to adverse weather conditions. This also establishes a warning system against potential attacks by terrorist elements.
Optical fiber bending sensor based on speckle pattern imaging
Authors: Navruz İsa , Dilsiz Ceren , Ortak Eylül Sevim , Boyraz Sevde Nur
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we propose a new fiber bending sensor based on speckle
pattern imaging. The design and implementation of the sensor are demonstrated by
simulated studies. The speckle pattern imaging technique by using a multimode
fiber can offer high spatial resolution. In this study, we showed that the bending
sensor responds very sensitively by using the correlation of the images. The fiber
sensing part consists of a curve in a form similar to the S structure. We reached a
sensitivity of 0.0295 μm-1 by bending the fiber only 60°. Sensitivity can be further
increased by reducing the bending diameter or creating a full loop.
Accelerated innervation of biofabricated skeletal muscle implants containing a neurotrophic factor delivery system
Authors: Mashanov Vladimir , Billman Erika , Poerio Aurelia , Kaufmann Mary , Lai Dehui , Vaughan J. William , Kim Ickhee , Ju Young Min , Atala Anthony , Yoo James J. , Kim Ji Hyun
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is one of the most severe and debilitating conditions in orthopedic and regenerative medicine. Current treatment modalities often fail to restore the normal structure and function of the damaged skeletal muscle. Bioengineered tissue constructs using the patient’s own cells have emerged as a promising alternative treatment option, showing positive outcomes in fostering new muscle tissue formation. However, achieving timely and proper innervation of the implanted muscle constructs remains a significant challenge. In this study, we present a clinically relevant strategy aimed at enhancing and sustaining the natural regenerative response of peripheral nerves to accelerate the innervation of biofabricated skeletal muscle implants.

Methods

We previously developed a controlled-release neurotrophic factor delivery system using poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres encapsulating ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Here, we incorporate this neurotrophic factor delivery system into bioprinted muscle constructs to facilitate innervation in vivo.

Results

Our results demonstrate that the neurotrophic factors released from the microspheres provide a chemical cue, significantly enhancing the neurite sprouting and functional innervation of the muscle cells in the biofabricated muscle construct within 12 weeks post-implantation.

Discussion

Our approach provides a clinically applicable treatment option for VML through accelerated innervation of biomanufactured muscle implants and subsequent improvements in functionality.
IFN-treated macrophage-derived exosomes prevents HBV-HCC migration and invasion via regulating miR-106b-3p/PCGF3/PI3K/AKT signaling axis
Authors: Chen Jing , Yin Qi , Xu Shiheng , Tan Xiaoqing , Liang Yu , Chen Chaohui , Li Li , Zhang Tao , Shen Tao
Published: October 2024

Background

Studies revealed that exosomes from IFN-α-treated liver non-parenchymal cells (IFN-exo) mediate antiviral activity. MiR-106b-3p has been shown to play a paradoxical role in disease progressing from different studies. However, its specific role in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Method

Huh7 cells transient transfected with plasmids of HBV-C2 and B3 were co-cultured with IFN-exo. Cell supernatants were collected to detect miR-106b-3p, HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were analyzed. The putative targets of miR-106b-3p were identified by a dual-luciferase reporter system. The expression of PCGF3, migratory proteins(MMP2/9), and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway-related proteins were assessed by western blot. The expression of PCGF3 mRNA was quantitative analyzed by using 52 pairs of paraffin-embedded tissues from HCC patients. siRNAs-PCGF3 were used to knocked-down PCGF3 expression.

Results

The expression of miR-106b-3p was significantly higher in THP-1 cells and supernatants treated with IFN-exo than those untreated. Significantly increased expression of miR-106b-3p and decreased expression of HBsAg and HBV DNA were observed in Huh7-C2/B3 cells treated with IFN-exo. In addition, miR-106b-3p was directly target to PCGF3. Scratch healing assay and transwell assay showed that either IFN-exo or miRNA-106-3p over-expression, or siRNAs-PCGF3 inhibited migration and invasion of Huh7-C2/B3 cells, and subsequently resulted in suppression of p-AKT/AKT and p-PI3K/PI3K. Notably, the expression level of PCGF3 was significantly lower in HBeAg (+)-HCC tumor tissues than HBeAg (-)-HCC tumor.

Conclusion

IFN-α-induced macrophage-derived miR-106b-3p inhibits HBV replication, HBV- Huh7 cells migration and invasion via regulating PCGF3/PI3K/AKT signaling axis. miR-106b-3p and PCGF3 were potential biomarkers in the prevention and treatment of HBV-HCC.
Nitric oxide-producing monocyte-myeloid suppressor cells expand and accumulate in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of Yersinia enterocolitica-infected mice
Authors: Leporati Marianela , Di Genaro María Silvia , Eliçabe Ricardo Javier
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Yersinia enterocolitica (Ye) is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes gastrointestinal infections. The myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) constitute a cellular population with the capacity of inducing the specific suppression of T cells. Although there is evidence supporting the role of MDSCs in controlling the immune responses in several bacterial infections, its role during Ye infection has not yet been reported. Therefore, the purpose of the present work was to analyze MDSCs after oral Ye infection.

Methods

C57BL/6 wild-type mice were infected with Ye WAP-314 serotype O:8. The proliferation of splenocytes and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) cells was measured as well as the levels of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) in culture supernatants. The frequency and subsets of MDSCs were analyzed in the intestinal mucosa and spleen by flow cytometry. Furthermore, monocytic-MDSCs (Mo-MDSCs) and polymorphonuclear-MDSCs (PMN-MDSCs) were purified from the spleen of infected mice and their suppressor activity was evaluated in co-cultures with purified T cells.

Results

we observed a marked expansion of CD11b+Gr-1+ cells, a phenotype consistent with MDSCs, in the spleen and intestinal mucosa of Ye-infected mice. Interestingly, a robust proliferation of splenocytes and MLN cells was observed only when the MDSCs were depleted or the NO production was blocked. In addition, we determined that only Mo-MDSCs had the ability to suppress T-cell proliferation.

Conclusion

Our results highlight a mechanism by which Ye may induce suppression of the immune responses. We suggest that NO-producing Mo-MDSCs expand and accumulate in MLN and spleen of Ye-infected mice. These cells can then suppress the T-cell function without interfering with the anti-bacterial effector response. Instead, these immature myeloid cells may perform an important function in regulating the inflammatory response and protecting affected tissues.
Parents' color-conscious racial socialization and adolescents' racial attitudes: the moderating role of parental psychological control
Authors: Agalar Afra , Laible Deborah June , Carlo Gustavo , Liew Jeffrey
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The present two-wave longitudinal study examined the relation between White U.S. parents' color-conscious racial socialization for African Americans and adolescents' racial attitudes, and explored how parental psychological control might moderate this relation.

Method

Participants included 412 White U.S. adolescents (42% girls; Mage = 15.63 years, SD = 1.24) and their primary caregivers (52% mothers). They completed online questionnaires, with parents reporting on their color-conscious racial socialization at Time 1, and adolescents providing measures of their perception of parents' psychological control at Time 1, color-blind attitudes, and racial prejudice at both time points, ~16 months apart.

Results

Our findings revealed that parents' color-conscious racial socialization for African Americans was negatively associated with adolescents' negative racial attitudes. Additionally, parental psychological control moderated this relation: the negative association was evident only when parents exhibited low or average levels of psychological control.

Discussion

This study highlights the crucial role parents play in shaping their adolescents' racial attitudes and underscores the necessity of an autonomy-supportive environment to enhance the success of parents' color-conscious socialization practices. Understanding these dynamics is essential for developing effective interventions to reduce racial biases and foster inclusive attitudes among adolescents.