bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Aloe Vera-Based Cosmeceutical Cream Delays and Mitigates Ionizing Radiation-Induced Dermatitis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Curative Radiotherapy: A Clinical Study
Authors: Rao Suresh , Hegde Sanath , Baliga-Rao Manjeshwar , Palatty Princy , George Thomas , Baliga Manjeshwar
Published: June 2017

Background: This study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of topical application of an Aloe vera-based cream (AVC) for the prevention of ionizing radiation (X ray)-induced dermatitis in head and neck cancer patients requiring therapeutic radiation treatment (>62 Gy). Methods: From July 2012 to December 2012, a total of 60 head and neck cancer patients requiring curative radiotherapy (RT) of more than 66 Gy were prospectively enrolled and treated with AVC or a comparator Johnson’s Baby Oil (JBO). Acute skin reaction was monitored and classified according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) four-point rating scale on a weekly basis. Results: The results indicate that there was a statistically significant delay in the incidence (p = 0.04) of dermatitis at week three in the AVC application group. Application of AVC reduced the incidence of Grade 1, 2, and 3 dermatitis at subsequent time points, while Grade 4 dermatitis was not seen in either cohort. The other most important observation was that the continued application of AVC two weeks after the completion of RT was effective in reducing the average grade of dermatitis and was statistically significant (p < 0.02). Conclusions: Prophylactic use of an AVC-based cream is thus effective in delaying radiation dermatitis in head and neck cancer.
The Nitrocarburising Response of Low Temperature Bainite Steel
Authors: Fabijanic Daniel , Timokhina Ilana , Beladi Hossein , Hodgson Peter
Published: June 2017

The nitrocarburising response of low transformation temperature ultrafine and nanoscale bainitic steel was investigated and compared with martensite and pearlite from the same steel composition. It was found that the retained austenite content of the bainitic steel dictated the core hardness after nitrocarburising. The refined bainitic structure showed improvements in the nitriding depth and hardness of the nitrocarburised layer, compared to coarser grained martensitic and pearlitic structures, possibly due to the fine structure and the distribution of nitride forming elements.
Magnetic Solid-phase Extraction with Fe3O4/Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Modified by Deep Eutectic Solvents and Ionic Liquids for the Rapid Purification of Alkaloid Isomers (Theobromine and Theophylline) from Green Tea
Authors: Li Guizhen , Wang Xiaoqin , Row Kyung Ho
Published: June 2017

Different kinds of deep eutectic solvents (DES) based on choline chloride (ChCl) and ionic liquids (ILs) based on 1-methylimidazole were used to modify Fe3O4/molecularly imprinted polymers (Fe3O4/MIPs), and the resulting materials were applied for the rapid purification of alkaloid isomers (theobromine and theophylline) from green tea with magnetic solid-phase extraction (M-SPE). The M-SPE procedure was optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) to analyze the maximum conditions. The materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FI-IR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Compared to the ILs-Fe3O4/MIPs, the DESs-Fe3O4/MIPs were developed for the stronger recognition and higher recoveries of the isomers (theophylline and theobromine) from green tea, particularly DES-7-Fe3O4/MIPs. With RSM, the optimal recovery condition for theobromine and theophylline in the M-SPE were observed with ratio of methanol (80%) as the washing solution, methanol/acetic acid (HAc) (8:2) as the eluent at pH 3, and an eluent volume of 4 mL. The practical recoveries of theobromine and theophylline in green tea were 92.27% and 87.51%, respectively, with a corresponding actual extraction amount of 4.87 mg•g−1 and 5.07 mg•g−1. Overall, the proposed approach with the high affinity of Fe3O4/MIPs might offer a novel method for the purification of complex isomer samples.
Light-Assisted Advanced Oxidation Processes for the Elimination of Chemical and Microbiological Pollution of Wastewaters in Developed and Developing Countries
Authors: Giannakis Stefanos , Rtimi Sami , Pulgarin Cesar
Published: June 2017

In this work, the issue of hospital and urban wastewater treatment is studied in two different contexts, in Switzerland and in developing countries (Ivory Coast and Colombia). For this purpose, the treatment of municipal wastewater effluents is studied, simulating the developed countries’ context, while cheap and sustainable solutions are proposed for the developing countries, to form a barrier between effluents and receiving water bodies. In order to propose proper methods for each case, the characteristics of the matrices and the targets are described here in detail. In both contexts, the use of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) is implemented, focusing on UV-based and solar-supported ones, in the respective target areas. A list of emerging contaminants and bacteria are firstly studied to provide operational and engineering details on their removal by AOPs. Fundamental mechanistic insights are also provided on the degradation of the effluent wastewater organic matter. The use of viruses and yeasts as potential model pathogens is also accounted for, treated by the photo-Fenton process. In addition, two pharmaceutically active compound (PhAC) models of hospital and/or industrial origin are studied in wastewater and urine, treated by all accounted AOPs, as a proposed method to effectively control concentrated point-source pollution from hospital wastewaters. Their elimination was modeled and the degradation pathway was elucidated by the use of state-of-the-art analytical techniques. In conclusion, the use of light-supported AOPs was proven to be effective in degrading the respective target and further insights were provided by each application, which could facilitate their divulgation and potential application in the field.
Sugars, Sweet Taste Receptors, and Brain Responses
Authors: Lee Allen , Owyang Chung
Published: June 2017

Sweet taste receptors are composed of a heterodimer of taste 1 receptor member 2 (T1R2) and taste 1 receptor member 3 (T1R3). Accumulating evidence shows that sweet taste receptors are ubiquitous throughout the body, including in the gastrointestinal tract as well as the hypothalamus. These sweet taste receptors are heavily involved in nutrient sensing, monitoring changes in energy stores, and triggering metabolic and behavioral responses to maintain energy balance. Not surprisingly, these pathways are heavily regulated by external and internal factors. Dysfunction in one or more of these pathways may be important in the pathogenesis of common diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Erratum: Association between Alcohol Consumption, Folate Intake, and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Case-Control Study; Nutrients 2017, 9, 448
Authors:   Editorial Office
Published: June 2017

Due to a mistake during the production process, there was a spelling error in one of the author names in the original published version [1]. [...]
[ARTICLE WITHDRAWN] MicroRNA-539 Inhibits the Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition of Esophageal Cancer Cells by Twist-Related Protein 1-Mediated Modulation of Melanoma-Associated Antigen A4
Authors: Cao Zhili , Zheng Xiang , Cao Lei , Liang Naixin
Published: June 2017

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author in December 2020.

STATEMENT FOR WITHDRAWAL OF MANUSCRIPT FROM ONCOLOGY RESEARCH

Dear Editors,
I am Dr. Naixin Liang. For some scientific reasons, my team and I are very sorry to apply to withdraw the manuscript
"MicroRNA-539 Inhibits the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Esophageal Cancer Cells By Twist-Related Protein 1-Mediated Modulation of Melanoma Associated Antigen A4 (MAGEA4)".
DOI: 10.3727/096504017 x14972679378357
Because of COVID-19, the lab we worked together was no longer functioning and closed.
When reviewing the data of the paper completed in cooperation with the original laboratory, we found that some of the data in the above article were not scientific enough, some Western Blot images were not clear enough (as in FIG 1, the band of α-SMA was blurt and do not seem darker than vimentin but lighter than E-adherin), and some of the research data contained excessive standard errors (as in FIG 2B, standard error of vimentin and α-SMA of miR-539 mimic +Pb-TWIST1(IV) were too large , so the average of the expression may be not accurate), which may lead to the researchers' wrong interpretation of the data and misjudgment of its scientific nature. For the sake of rigor, we took the initiative to contact the experimental operator of the original study. Unfortunately, the person who completed the primary operation of the original study has left China to study in the United States. Due to COVID-19 and other reasons, we could not contact this experimenter to confirm the original research data, so we cannot repeat and verify the data for the time being.
As the corresponding author, after found the problem, I contacted Dr. Zhili Cao and Xiang Zheng, and the other author, Dr. Lei Cao at the first time.
I told them all the thing we found above.
After careful discussion, all the author agreed that, based on the need of scientific, rigor, we are deeply sorry to apply to the editorial office for withdraw the paper.
My team and I have noticed that your journal has been developing very well in recent years, and its impact factors have been rising all the way.
Congratulations to your team!
We are very sorry that there may be errors in our interpretation of the data due to our imprecise interpretation, thus affecting the scientific nature of the conclusion of the article.
My team and I have complied with the AGREEMENT FOR WITHDRAWAL OF MANUSCRIPT, and have completed the payment of the fee on December 4, 2020, 300$.
Please see the attachment for related procedures.
We hope your journal would approve our application for retraction of this article.

Sincerely Yours,

Naixin Liang

2020.12.4
MicroRNA-139-5p Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Targeting RHO-Associated Coiled-Coil-Containing Protein Kinase 2 in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wang Yanli , Li Jia , Xu Chunling , Zhang Xiaomeng
Published: June 2017

Increasing evidence indicates that the dysregulation of microRNAs is associated with the development and progression of various cancers. MicroRNA-139-5p (miR-139-5p) has been reported to have a tumor suppressive role in many types of cancers. The role of miR-139-5p in ovarian cancer
(OC) is poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to explore the expression of miR-139-5p and its function in OC. The results showed that miR-139-5p expression was markedly downregulated in OC tissues and cell lines. In addition, underexpression of miR-139-5p was significantly
associated with FIGO stage, lymph mode metastasis, and poor overall survival of OC patients. Functional analyses indicated that overexpression of miR-139-5p significantly inhibited proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of OC cells. Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein
kinase 2 (ROCK2) was identified as a direct target of miR-139-5p using luciferase reporter assays, qualitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), and Western blot. In addition, ROCK2 expression was upregulated and was inversely correlated with miR-139-5p levels in OC tissues. Rescue
experiments showed that overexpression of ROCK2 effectively reversed the inhibitory effect of OC cells induced by miR-139-5p. Most interestingly, in vivo studies indicated that miR-139-5p markedly suppressed the growth of tumors by repressing ROCK2 expression in nude mice. Taken together,
these findings demonstrated that miR-139-5p plays an important tumor suppressor role in OC by directly binding to ROCK2, providing a novel target for the molecular treatment of OC.
Constraining the Orbit of the Supermassive Black Hole Binary 0402+379
Authors: Bansal K. , Taylor G. B. , Peck A. B. , Zavala R. T. , Romani R. W.
Published: June 2017

The radio galaxy 0402+379 is believed to host a supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB). The two compact-core sources are separated by a projected distance of 7.3 pc, making it the most (spatially) compact resolved SMBHB known. We present new multi-frequency VLBI observations of 0402+379 at 5, 8, 15, and 22 GHz and combine them with previous observations spanning 12 years. A strong frequency-dependent core shift is evident, which we use to infer magnetic fields near the jet base. After correcting for these shifts we detect significant relative motion of the two cores at

at

. With some assumptions about the orbit, we use this measurement to constrain the orbital period

yr and SMBHB mass

. While additional observations are needed to confirm this motion and obtain a precise orbit, this is apparently the first black hole system resolved as a visual binary.
Validity or invalidity of oppositions between “nasal” phonemes in English
Authors: Akamatsu Tsutomu
Published: June 2017

La présente étude a pour but d’explorer d’une façon approfondie la validité ou l’invalidité des oppositions entre les phonèmes “nasals” en anglais dans divers contextes. On tient compte du critère d’opposition en phonologie qu’on applique tout au long de l’examen. Il est à noter spécifiquement que le statut phonologique d’un segment nasal donné peut varier selon qu’il apparaît à la fin du mot ou à l’intérieur du mot et selon le nombre (zéro, un, deux) des autres segments nasals dont il se distingue dans chacune de ses occurrences.
Entre propagande et diplomatie : Vira Whitehouse et le Committee on Public Information en Suisse, 1917-1919
Authors: Schuwey Christophe
Published: June 2017

En décembre 1917, en pleine Première Guerre mondiale, le Committee on Public Information, l’organe de propagande des États-Unis, charge la suffragette Vira Whitehouse d’une mission : propager les idées américaines en Suisse et, par ricochet, au cœur des Empires centraux. Mais la légation américaine à Berne ne voit pas d’un bon œil cette nomination, ayant jusqu’alors été chargée de cette tâche. Le conflit qui s’ensuit dans le cadre helvétique entre la propagande traditionnelle des diplomates et les méthodes innovantes du CPI va marquer durablement la politique culturelle américaine. En analysant cette affaire et les actions menées par V. Whitehouse, nous comprendrons la nouvelle direction prise par les États-Unis dans leur manière de propager leur image à l’étranger, et ce pour des décennies.
Open, Distance and eLearning for ASEAN Integration
Authors: Flor Alexander G.
Published: June 2017

The implications of integration among the Association of Southeast Asian Nations go beyond economics. Several ASEAN countries rank human capital as among their most valuable assets. This event signals shifts in human resource movements. A regional education system transcending national boundaries is an eventuality within the ASEAN. Such a system can best be expedited through open, distance and eLearning or ODeLA scoping study was conducted to: provide describe the state of play of ODeL within and among ASEAN countries; to identify needful national or regional ODeL policies that may facilitate ASEAN Integration; and to identify efforts that are underway within and among ASEAN that is consistent with ODeL adoption. The scoping study was guided by the current discourse on: the mainstreaming of ODeL; the focus on higher education; and the education dimension of ASEAN Integration. It adopted an integrated multi-level mixed methods design making use of quantitative methods, qualitative procedures and anticipatory methods, the latter two as aids to internal validity and depth of analysis. The study found that within ASEAN nations, open, distance and eLearning is being mainstreamed into higher education and will become a major mode of delivery in open universities as well as residential institutions in the future. It also found that perceptions on ODeL are quite positive across ASEAN and that there is a significant demand for ODeL programs at the higher education level. Furthermore, it was perceived that ODeL can promote ASEAN Integration because it fosters understanding among its multinational students who may eventually become the leaders of ASEAN tomorrow. The scoping study maintains that quality in ODeL is a function of content, delivery, pedagogy and assessment as seen from the lens of open education, distance learning and ICTs. Quality in ASEAN ODeL implies content infused with ASEANization themes, i.e. identity, community and a sense of self. It means a diversity of delivery platforms and pedagogies and supports the availability of multiple outcome-based assessment models.
ODL Systems for Women Training in Organizations
Authors: Bhandar Mamata
Published: June 2017

Bridging the gender diversity gap has become a key KPI for most organizations today. Diversity teams are constantly planning interventions to recruit and retain women in the workforce to increase their representation. One of the most common interventions is to provide women with training to equip them with the necessary skills and competencies (e.g., career management, social, management, and leadership) to stay and grow in their careers. Corporates today are relying on online learning to offer these training programs for cost-effective, flexible, and long-duration learning. However, there is a lack of guidelines for the successful implementation of online women training programs. This study aims to provide a framework to guide the planning and implementation of these programs. The framework is arrived at based on insights and best practices from a leading Online University that offers women training programs in India and south Africa. Participant feedback from the programs and participant perceptions on online training programs are also used to further refine framework.
Open and Distance Learning Practitioners Sustain the Teaching of Technology Education Through Action Learning
Authors: Mapotse Tome' Awshar
Published: June 2017

The aim of this chapter is to provide readers with a fresh perspective on the challenges facing Technology Education (TE) in developing countries today, as well as the established skills and intervention strategies necessary to overcome these challenges hence sustaining the teaching of TE. In this chapter TE has find its way into school environment successfully and effectively through engaging TE teachers with action research approach. The study was designed from educational living paradigm and is underpinned by critical theory and Mapotse cascading theory. The chapter intends to share a model developed during interaction with the Technology teachers: the developed Mapotse PEAR model to empower technology teachers from the challenges they faced in their Technology Education pedagogy and didactics. If this model can be well implemented and followed, then the Technology teachers will be emancipated to teach Technology Education even without a prior formal training. The theory behind the Action Learning will be the Mapotse cascading theory of ‘each one teaches one'.
New Perspectives to Bridge the Gaps in School Education Through Satellite Connectivity
Authors: Pathak Ashutosh Kumar , Pandey Umesh Chandra
Published: June 2017

Lack of civic amenities discourages well qualified teachers to be posted in rural interiors which has perpetuated the dismal conditions of school education in such countries. Keeping in view of Post-2015 Developmental Agenda of United Nations, the issues need immediate redressal. Indian situation is all the more challenging primarily due to its diverse ethnic, linguistic, cultural and geographical variations. Technological advancements have opened exciting new possibilities to link such resource starved regions to urban based centers of excellences. It has created unprecedented opportunities for delivering content, train teachers and utilize the rich tacit knowledge of the rural teachers. This chapter reviews the relevance of satellite technologies within the context of developing countries, identifies the issues for sustenance of such interventions and evolves new perspectives for pursuits of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The discussions are based on the experiences gained by the authors in the process of planning and monitoring of a major satellite supported project in India.
An Appraisal of ODL Interventions in Terrorism Affected Kashmir Valley
Authors: Hasan Nurul , Pandey Umesh Chandra
Published: June 2017

The Open and Distance Learning system has been able to make a positive impact in the conflict-ridden communities of Kashmir valley in India. This part of the India has long been under the influence of armed militancy which drastically affected the access to higher education. The Open and Distance Learning systems started operating in this area with a modest beginning made by Directorate of Correspondence Courses but had a limited impact. IGNOU which is the largest provider of ODL Programmes in India started developing its network in Kashmir valley in 1999 with its unique approach based on collaboration and sharing of resources. The target groups dominantly composed of unemployed youth, school drop outs, working population, rural folks, women etc has traditionally been deprived of Higher education. This chapter describes the approach of IGNOU and its impact in such conflict-ridden societies which is worth replicating in similar socioeconomic setups across the developing world.
Strategizing Social Work Response to Sustainable Development Goals Through Open and Distance Learning
Authors: Kumar Chhabi
Published: June 2017

As the national Governments are grappling with the SDGs, they can get benefitted by the rich pool of knowledge which professional social work has generated. The social work organizations are therefore fast emerging as major role players in developing countries where resources are scarce and change is immediately needed. India is home to one third of the extremely poor population of the world. It is a major challenge as the communities to be addressed are diverse in terms of level of development, ethnicity, socio economic profile, linguistic and cultural backgrounds. Social work professionals can immensely contribute to bring such communities to mainstream. This is the reason why capacity building of professional social workers is a matter of concern particularly in developing countries. The conventional systems of education find themselves very unfavorably positioned to meet such educational demands. This chapter identifies the issues involved in social work education, describes its role to accomplish SDGs and explores the role of Open and Distance Learning (ODL).
Vocational Education and Training for Muslim Minorities
Authors: Dutta Indrajeet
Published: June 2017

Last year Prime Minister of India launched a nationwide programme called “Make in India” to encourage multinational and domestic companies to manufacture their products in India. The main objectives are not only to bring in foreign direct investment but also provide millions of youth to gainfully employed using the skill development programme. To realize the dream India needs skilled work force of almost 110 million by 2022.The challenges are many. Recent NSSO survey among the religious groups find Muslims are mostly employed in the vocational sectors without any formal training and position of Muslim women is worst among them. Open and distance learning system opens up the opportunities for the minorities. Open schools and universities offer courses in the traditional vocational course which would help them to refine their skills and also enhance and augment the capacities of the Muslim learners. Certification of training also helps them to be employed in private and government sectors. In this paper, opportunities thrown open by the ODL will be discussed.
‘Grey Model'-Based Simulation Tool for Predictive Product Quality Control
Authors: Burstein Leonid
Published: June 2017

A modified grey model is represented for predicting the product quality index and generating the grey process control chart. The model considers the first sample datum in the numerical solution of the whitened differential equation. This datum is introduced by the refitting smoothed cumulative values and numerical solution of the whitened equation with the last value as initial point. Values predicted in this manner and those predicted in the regular GM (1,1) model were calculated with a specially elaborated MATLAB program. The numbers obtained were compared with reference data. The modified model demonstrates higher accuracy compared to the regular GM as demonstrated by several actual examples. The proposed model is used to design a special simulation tool. The graphical interface of the tool allows to the user to introduce the sample data, control limits and required mean value. After this, the tool outputs the predicted quality index with its error and generates a process control chart with the predicted product quality index.
The Impact of Organizational Slack and Lag Time on Economic Productivity
Authors: Mason Terry W. , Morris John J.
Published: June 2017

Much like research on the productivity paradox of the 1980s, empirical research has not provided a clear association between investments in enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and improved productivity, even though these systems were designed, developed, and marketed as productivity improvement tools. This paper explores the relationship between organizational slack and productivity improvements resulting from investments in ERP systems. The authors provide support for the proposition that during the period of time surrounding implementation, firms build organizational slack; and following implementation organizational slack is absorbed and productivity increases. Furthermore, the authors find that even though manufacturing firms drive the decrease in organizational slack during the post-ERP period, the magnitude of the increase in productivity is significantly larger for non-manufacturing firms.
The Competitiveness of Polish Apples on International Markets
Authors: Kraciński Paweł Jakub
Published: June 2017

The article presents the problem of competitiveness of Polish apples. In the paper the quantity of production and international trade of was analyzed. Major importers and exporters of apples were identified. In order to assess the international competitiveness ex post measure has been used. The study covered 2004-2015. The assumed research hypothesis has been verified positively. The indicators of the ex-post competitive position indicate that Polish apples were competitive in the world market in the years 2004-2015. Their position was increasing until the last study subperiod (2013-2015), during which, as indicated by some adopted indicators, it started decreasing.
Activation of Human Basophils by A549 Lung Epithelial Cells Reveals a Novel IgE-Dependent Response Independent of Allergen
Authors: Schroeder John T. , Bieneman Anja P.
Published: June 2017

Evidence for epithelial cell (EC)–derived cytokines (e.g., thymic stromal lymphopoietin [TSLP]) activating human basophils remains controversial. We therefore hypothesize that ECs can directly activate basophils via cell-to-cell interaction. Basophils in medium alone or with IL-3 ± anti-IgE were coincubated with TSLP, IL-33, or IL-25. Analogous experiments cocultured basophils (1–72 h) directly with EC lines. Supernatants were tested for mediators and cytokines. Abs targeting receptors were tested for neutralizing effects. Lactic acid (pH 3.9) treatment combined with passive sensitization tested the role of IgE. Overall, IL-33 augmented IL-13 secretion from basophils cotreated with IL-3, with minimal effects on histamine and IL-4. Conversely, basophils (but not mast cells) released histamine and marked levels of IL-4/IL-13 (10-fold) when cocultured with A549 EC and IL-3, without exogenous allergen or IgE cross-linking stimuli. The inability to detect IL-33 or TSLP, or to neutralize their activity, suggested a unique mode of basophil activation by A549 EC. Half-maximal rates for histamine (4 h) and IL-4 (5 h) secretion were slower than observed with standard IgE-dependent activation. Ig stripping combined with passive sensitization ± omalizumab showed a dependency for basophil-bound IgE, substantiated by a requirement for cell-to-cell contact, aggregation, and FcεRI-dependent signaling. A yet unidentified IgE-binding lectin associated with A549 EC is implicated after discovering that LacNAc suppressed basophil activation in cocultures. These findings point to a lectin-dependent activation of basophil requiring IgE but independent of allergen or secreted cytokine. Pending further investigation, we predict this unique mode of activation is linked to inflammatory conditions whereby IgE-dependent activation of basophils occurs despite the absence of any known allergen.
Osteoarthritis Prevalence in Retired National Football League Players With a History of Concussion and Lower Extremity Injury
Authors: Lynall Robert C. , Pietrosimone Brian , Kerr Zachary Y. , Mauntel Timothy C. , Mihalik Jason P. , Guskiewicz Kevin M.
Published: June 2017

Context: 

Dynamic balance deficits have been described postconcussion, even after athletes return to play. Lower extremity (LE) musculoskeletal injury rates increase for up to 1 year after concussion, but the long-term musculoskeletal implications of concussion are unclear.

Objective: 

To (1) examine the association of concussion and LE injury histories with osteoarthritis (OA) prevalence in retired National Football League players and (2) examine the association of concussion and LE injury histories with OA prevalence in those ≤55 years of age.

Design: 

Case-control study.

Setting: 

Survey.

Patients or Other Participants: 

We administered the Health Survey of Retired National Football League Players, which collects information about demographics, OA, LE injury, and concussion history.

Main Outcome Measure(s): 

Twelve discrete categories were created based on concussion and LE injury history, ranging from 0 concussions and 0 LE injuries (referent group) to 3+ concussions and 2+ LE injuries. Binomial regression analysis modeled lifetime OA prevalence. Covariates were body mass index, age at the time of the survey, and total years playing professional football.

Results: 

Complete data were available for 2696 participants. Lifetime OA prevalence was smallest in the referent group (21.1%) and largest in the 3+ concussion and 2+ LE group (50.6%; 2.5 times the referent; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1, 3.1). Participants in all concussion groups (1, 2, 3+) who reported a history of 0 LE injuries had a greater OA prevalence than the referent group. When participants were stratified by age, the ≤55 years of age, 3+ concussions, and 2+ LE injuries group prevalence ratio (3.6; 95% CI = 2.7, 5.2) was larger than that of the >55 years of age, 3+ concussions, and 2+ LE injuries group (1.8; 95% CI = 1.3, 2.4) compared with the respective referent groups.

Conclusions: 

Concussion with or without a history of LE injury may be an important moderator of OA. Future researchers should seek to better understand the mechanisms that influence the association among concussion, LE injury, and OA.
How much variance in insulin resistance is explained by obesity?
Authors: Vidwans Harshada B. , Watve Milind G.
Published: June 2017

Background: Obesity is believed to be the major cause of insulin resistance, although many other obesity-independent signals are shown to affect insulin sensitivity.Aim: We address the degree to which variation in insulin resistance is explained by morphometric and biochemical measures of obesity.Methods: PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for epidemiological studies published between 1994 and 2015 that report correlations between at least one measure of obesity and that of insulin resistance.Results: A total of 63 studies satisfied inclusion criteria. Frequency distribution of coefficients of determination between morphometric measures of obesity and insulin resistance was skewed with the mode being less than 10%, class and median being 17.3%. Plasma leptin concentration, but not plasma non-esterified fatty acid level, was better correlated with insulin resistance, the median variance explained being 33.29%. Morphometric measures alone had a median variance explained of 16%. Ethnicity explained part of the variance across studies with the correlation being significantly poorer in Asians.Conclusion: The extremely limited predictive power of morphometric and biochemical measures of obesity suggests that more research needs to focus on the obesity-independent signals that affect insulin sensitivity as well as leptin expression.
Wideband acoustic immittance for assessing middle ear functioning for preterm neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Gouws Nandel , Swanepoel De Wet , De Jager Leigh Biagio
Published: June 2017

Background: The primary aim of newborn hearing screening is to detect permanent hearing loss. Because otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) are sensitive to hearing loss, they are often used as screening tools. On the other hand, false-positive results are most often because of transient outer- and middle ear conditions. Wideband acoustic immittance (WAI), which includes physical measures known as reflectance and absorbance, has shown potential for accurate assessment of middle ear function in young infants.Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of WAI as a diagnostic tool for assessing middle ear functioning in preterm neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) designed for premature and ill neonates. A further objective was to indicate the difference between the reflectance values of tones and click stimuli.Method: Fifty-six at-risk neonates (30 male and 26 female), with a mean age at testing of 35.6 weeks (range: 32–37 weeks) and a standard deviation of 1.6 from three private hospitals, who passed both the distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and AABR tests, were evaluated prior to discharge from the NICU. Neonates who presented with abnormal DPOAE and AABR results were excluded from the study. WAI was measured by using chirp and tone stimuli. In addition to reflectance, the reflectance area index (RAI) values were calculated.Results: Both tone and chirp stimuli indicated high-power reflectance values below a frequency of 1.5 kHz. Median reflectance reached a minimum of 0.67 at 1 kHz – 2 kHz but increased to 0.7 below 1 kHz and 0.72 above 2 kHz for the tone stimuli. For chirp stimuli, the median reflectance reached a minimum of 0.51 at 1 kHz – 2 kHz but increased to 0.68 below 1 kHz and decreased to 0.5 above 2 kHz. A comparison between the present study and previous studies on WAI indicated a substantial variability across all frequency ranges.Conclusion: These WAI measurements conducted on at-risk preterm NICU neonates (mean age at testing: 35.6 weeks, range: 32–37 weeks) identified WAI patterns not previously reported in the literature. High reflective values were obtained across all frequency ranges. The age of the neonates when tested might have influenced the results. The neonates included in the present study were very young preterm neonates compared to the ages of neonates in previous studies. WAI measured in at-risk preterm neonates in the NICU was variable with environmental and internal noise influences. Transient conditions affecting the sound-conduction pathway might have influenced the results. Additional research is required to investigate WAI testing in ears with and without middle ear dysfunction. The findings of the current study imply that in preterm neonates it was not possible to determine the feasibility of WAI as a diagnostic tool to differentiate between ears with and without middle ear pathology.
Generalized Bullous Fixed Drug Reaction
Authors: Daulatabadkar Bhagyashri , Pande Sushil , Borkar Milind
Published: June 2017

Generalized bullous fixed drug eruption is bullous type of fixed drug eruption characterized by sharply defined bullae at the same site following administration of offending drug. GBFDE has aggressive course unlike conventional FDE and requires aggressive treatment. Mucosa is usually spared and constitutional symptoms are mild. We came across two cases of GBFDE in which culprit drugs were B-Lactam antibiotics.
Pityriasis Rosea Like Eruption Possibly Due to Anti-rabies Vaccine Administration in a Young Man
Authors: Thole Akhilesh Vilaskumar , Khurana Vinod K , Misri Rachita R , Gupta Virender K
Published: June 2017

Pityriasis rosea (PR) is an acute, self-limited skin disease thought to be a viral exanthem caused by reactivation of HHV-7 and HHV-6 viruses; although, numerous studies have explored various pathogens. Several reports associate PR with drugs and vaccines. We report a typical case of PR in a 26-year-old male following intradermal anti-rabies vaccine (ARV). There are reports of vaccine-induced pityriasis like eruptions due to various vaccine. However, PR-like eruptions due to ARV is rarely reported. This case represents a new side effect of an already existing vaccine and throws light on varied etiologies of vaccine-induced PR.
Effect of Measles Mumps Rubella Vaccine in Treatment of Common Warts
Authors: Dhope Anuja , Madke Bhushan , Singh Adarsh Lata
Published: June 2017

Background:

There are many destructive and immunotherapeutic options available for the treatment of common warts, but no treatment is 100% effective and usually cause pain and scarring. Recently, intralesional immunotherapy with skin test antigens and vaccines has been shown to be effective in the management of warts. We evaluated the efficacy of Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) vaccine injection in the treatment of cutaneous warts.

Aim:

To study the efficacy of intralesional MMR vaccine in the treatment of common warts.

Materials and Methods:

A case–control study was conducted in AVBR Hospital, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, in 2015–2016. Forty clinically diagnosed cases of cutaneous common wart were selected in the study and were put randomly into two groups (20 in each group). Group 1: included twenty patients subjected to intralesional injection of 0.5 ml MMR vaccine. Group 2: included twenty patients as a control group and subjected to intralesional injection of 0.5 ml saline. These injections were repeated every 3 weeks intervals for maximum three injections. Follow-up of patients was done every 6 months for clinical assessment of results and to study recurrence.

Results:

A significant difference was found between the therapeutic responses of common warts to MMR. Vaccine and normal saline (control) group. At the end of 9 weeks (third visit), about 65% patients treated with MMR vaccine showed complete clearance compared with 5% of the control group. Grade 3 response was 20% versus 10% respectively; whereas Grade 2 response was observed in 10% versus 25%, respectively, and as regards no response, it was 5% versus 60% in MMR vaccine and control group, respectively.

Conclusion:

We found that the treatment of common warts by MMR vaccine is effective, with good cure rates, and excellent safety profile.
Itraconazole
Authors: De Doncker Piet , Pande Sushil , Richarz Ute , Garodia Nishant
Published: June 2017

Our purpose in assembling this paper is 2-fold. First, we hope to review in-depth the properties on itraconazole pellet-capsules and what clinicians should know when considering oral itraconazole and discuss the potential value of treating superficial dermatophyte infections with oral antifungal therapy. Second, we hope to address some of the concerns of the recent epidemic of chronic recalcitrant widespread dermatophytosis in India, with emphasis on better treatment but also considering some of the necessary prophylaxis hygiene measures. An in-depth review of itraconazole (as pellet-capsules), a triazole antifungal will be presented with focus on the pharmacokinetic properties which lead to the development of the 1-week pulse dosing for skin and nail infections. Finally, recommendations for best usage of itraconazole pellet-capsules for management of dermatophytosis will be summarized in this paper.
A Clinical Study of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions and Role of Corticosteroids in Their Management
Authors: Sharma Rohini , Dogra Naina , Dogra Devraj
Published: June 2017

Background:

Various medications are used for the treatment of various diseases. Ironically, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) also accompany the use of these medications and are as old as the medicine itself. These drug reactions can range from mild transient erythema at one end of the spectrum to severe cutaneous ADRs (SCADRS) that include Steven–Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms complex (DRESS).

Aim:

This study aims to study the clinical and epidemiological aspects of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCADRS) at a referral center of Jammu region, with special reference to the role of corticosteroids in the management.

Materials and Methods:

The study was carried out between July 2015 and December 2015, at a tertiary hospital after permission from Ethical Committee of the institution. A total of 44 patients were included in the study which included outpatients as well as inpatients admitted after written informed consent. The Naranjo ADR probability scale was applied to indicate the causality of the drug with the SCADRS.

Results:

In the study, a total of 44 patients were included in the study. Males outnumbered the females, and maximum patients were in the age group of 21–40 years. SJS was the most common SCARD found followed by DRESS. Antiepileptic class of drug was found to be most commonly implicated. Immediate withdrawal of the culprit drug and administration of systemic steroids reverted the SCARD in maximum patients.

Conclusion:

Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions can be associated with serious morbidity as well as mortality. Their knowledge and prompt recognition are essential for clinicians as early recognition, and immediate withdrawal of the culprit drug/drugs with adequate management can be lifesaving.
Saw Palmetto Extract
Authors: Reddy Varshini , Bubna Aditya Kumar , Veeraraghavan Mahalakshmi , Rangarajan Sudha
Published: June 2017

Saw palmetto extract is believed to have antiandrogenic properties and has been used widely for the treatment of androgenic alopecia. It is claimed to have much less side effects as compared to finasteride. Along with its use for androgenic alopecia, it has also been tried for other conditions associated with increased androgen levels in dermatology. This article will review a dermatologist's perspective of this traditional herb.
Successful Use of Oral Acitretin in Oral Lichen Planus
Authors: Deshpande Ajay
Published: June 2017

Lichen planus is a common inflammatory disorder affecting skin, mucus membranes, nails, and hair. At least two-thirds of cases occur between 30 and 60 years of age. Lichen planus can affect the mucosal surfaces of mouth, genitalia, conjunctiva, esophagus, anus, and urethra. Oral lichen planus is relatively common than lichen planus of other mucosal areas. Oral lichen planus is very refractory to treatment. Oral and topical steroids, topical tacrolimus, azathioprine, cyclosporine, and dapsone are the drugs used to treat oral lichen along with acitretin. We hereby report the successful treatment of oral lichen planus with acitretin in three patients.
Ограничение и индуцирование суперхарактеров конечных групп треугольного типа
Authors: Panov Alexander Nikolaevich
Published: June 2017

Доказывается, что ограничение суперхарактера конечной группы треугольного типа на подгруппу является суммой суперхарактеров с неотрицательными целыми коэффициентами. Определяется супериндукция и доказывается аналог формулы двойственности Фробениуса для суперхарактеров.
Библиография: 21 название.
Use Cases for Diagnostic Communication for Plug-in Electric Vehicles
Authors:   Hybrid - EV Committee
Published: June 2017

This SAE Surface Vehicle Technical Information Report, J2836/4, establishes diagnostic use cases between Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEV) and the Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE). As PEVs are deployed and include both Plug-In Hybrid Electric (PHEV) and Battery Electric (BEV) Vehicle variations, failures of the charging session between the EVSE and PEV may include diagnostics particular to the vehicle variations. This document describes the general information required for diagnostics and J2847/4 will include the detail messages to provide accurate information to the customer and/or service personnel to identify the source of the issue and assist in resolution. Existing vehicle diagnostics can also be added and included during this charging session regarding issues that have occurred or are imminent to the EVSE or PEV, to assist in resolution of these items.
Impact of students’ performance in the continuous assesment methodology through Moodle on the final exam
Authors: Merello-Giménez Paloma , Zorio-Grima Ana
Published: June 2017

This paper looks into the different evolution of students’ online questionnaire performance and its impact on the final examination mark. This innovative technique has been used in a group of an introductory financial accounting course with 8 online questionnaires (one per unit) in the Moodle platform. Using cluster analysis, we identify different groups of performance evolution. The evidence obtained suggests that in one of this groups a favourable test performance evolution may lead to overconfidence with the subsequent negative effect on the final examination mark. Future research with more variables and bigger samples will help identifying this student profile with a view to prevent this undesired negative effect of this teaching technique.
Flipping the classroom and turning the grades – a solution to teach unbeloved phase diagrams to engineering students
Authors: Pfennig Anja
Published: June 2017

Phase diagrams may simply be described as alloying maps in material science. However, the required thermodynamic background knowledge is high level and understanding the cooling procedure of metal melts as well as microstructure of metal alloys is challenging. Common teaching material presents results, but not how to get there and leaves frustrated first year engineering students behind. Knowledge on “how to read” phase diagrams is expected from teachers in advanced courses, but requirements are seldomly met by the students. Teaching phase diagrams in “inverted classroom”szenarios is a method to let the students study the science on their own and then take time to discuss their questions and do extended hands on lectures or exercises in class. Implementing the inverted classroom approach has been proven to be successful in terms of learing outcome, problem solving skills related to phase diagrams and in improving grades. Although the time of preparation is raised by a factor of approximately 4 for 2 four-hour classroom sessions, the positive and sustainable learning outcomes make it fun to teach  and worth the effort.
Authentic experiential work in the socialisation of undergraduate students: an EHEA-framed epistemological consideration
Authors: Martínez Carrasco Robert
Published: June 2017

The European Higher Education Area (EHEA) is adamant about the role of employability in curriculum development and the overall education process of undergraduate students. This responds not only to the current emerging models of economic and social growth but also to an underlying epistemological shift regarding the very nature and characteristics of Education. This article provides the epistemological foundation of the said shift, arguing, from a post-positivist perspective, how authentic experiential work in the classroom may contribute to the progressive socialisation of students into their respective communities of practice, thus bridging the gap between the labour market and the education institutions.