bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repercussions of maltreatment among alcohol users women / Repercusiones de los malos tratos en usuarias de alcohol
Authors: García Más Mary-Pepa
Published: November 2017

Se abordan las repercusiones de los malos tratos en las personas afectadas, asociadas a la aparición de cuadros clínicos de carácter psicopatológico como la depresión y otras alteraciones de ansiedad, unido al inicio del abuso de alcohol y fármacos de manera temporal o permanente, como medio para muchas víctimas de hacer frente a las reiteradas conductas violentas de sus parejas en el ámbito privado del hogar. Se evalúa el nivel de dependencia etílica del sector femenino a partir de la comparación entre los resultados obtenidos de la encuesta denominada "Evaluación e intervención en violencia familiar y alcoholismo" y otras investigaciones. Este análisis facilitará un mayor conocimiento sobre las ambivalencias observadas en función de los factores estructurales y socioculturalesque presentan las mujeres en el ciclo de abuso de alcohol y violencia, sacando a la luz las diferencias por género en los juicios de valor como consumidores de alcohol y, en consecuencia, en la imagen marginal sociofamiliar de la mujer adicta. También se aprecia, a través de los datos obtenidos, que entre los motivos de inicio de las conductas violentas de sus parejas, en algunos casos, se encuentra el alcoholismo femenino conviviendo con varones abstemios. En otros casos, presentan una incidencia similar de consumo ambos cónyuges en un mismo hogar. Los hábitos y patrones de consumo de las entrevistadas, demuestran la mayor juventud de las mujeres víctimas de malos tratos consumidoras habituales de alcohol, aunque siempre, con un consumo inferior al de sus parejas.  Abstract This article raise the consequences that ill treatment can have to the victims related to the apparition of depression and anxiety diseases, and also like starter of alcohol abuse and drugs, temporally or permanently like a form to face up to the continuous violent behaviours of his partners at household. The level of alcohol dependency in women is evaluated by the comparison of the results provided by the study "Evaluation and intervention policies in domestic violence and alcoholism" with others investigations. This analysis will be able the knowledge to the specific functions of structural and cultural factors at the spiral of the female abuse of alcohol and violence. And it will highlight the distinction between genders at value judgements and, by consequence, at the marginal familiar figure of the addicted women. Also we can know through the data obtained that one of the reasons of the beginning of violence is the difficult living together of the teetotal men with the alcoholic women. In many cases, there are a similar consumption of both spouses at the same household. The habits and consumption patterns of women interviewed verify that, women victims of ill treatment and habitual drinkers, are younger that them and her consumption is always minor than the abuse of his partners.
Disadvantageous decision-making profiles in substance dependents / Patrón de toma de decisiones. Desventajosas en pacientes drogodependientes
Authors: Dante Gómez Carlos
Published: November 2017

En este trabajo se exponen los resultados de una investigación cuyos objetivos consistieron en: determinar el patrón de Toma de Decisiones de pacientes drogodependientes, correlacionar los perfi les correspondientes a pacientes que se encuentran transitando la Fase de Admisión y los que se hallan en la Fase de Reinserción social de un Tratamiento de Rehabilitación, y obtener el índice de efi cacia del Programa Terapéutico al cual asisten ambos grupos. Se trata de un estudio de corte transversal en donde 20 sujetos conformaron la muestra. Se describe la Hipótesis del Marcador Somático, que es el marco teórico que fundamenta la pertinencia del instrumento de medición del proceso de toma de Decisiones utilizado en este estudio. Los resultados indican la presencia de un patrón de elecciones: desventajosas en los pacientes de la fase de admisión y ventajosas en pacientes de la fase de reinserción social, señalando un elevado índice de efi cacia del tratamiento de asistencia multimodal. AbstractIn this article the results of an investigation in which the objectives consisted of: determining the decision-making profi les of substance dependents, correlating the profi les corresponding to patients who are going through the Phase of Admission and of those that are in the Phase of social Reintegration of a Treatment of Rehabilitation, and obtaining the index of effectiveness of the Therapeutic Program which both groups attended are shown. This is a cross section study in which 20 subjects conformed the sample. The Somatic Marker Hypothesis is described, in that it is the theoretical frame that bases the validity of the measuring instrument of the decision making process used in this study. The results indicate the presence of a pattern of elections: disadvantageous to patients of the admission phase and advantageous to patients of the social reintegration phase, indicating a high index of effectiveness of the treatment of multimode attendance.
Nets of support for social integration: the family / Redes de apoyo para la integración social: la familia
Authors: Calvo Botella Helena
Published: November 2017

Es un hecho ampliamente aceptado el hecho de que el abuso de drogas y las conductas adictivas tienen consecuencias negativas en diferentes áreas de la vida familiar. Muchos miembros de la familia pueden mostrar perturbaciones psicológicas, psicosomáticas, afectivas, económicas,… pero paralelamente, es igualmente cierto que las dinámicas familiares pueden infl uir sobre las conductas adictivas y su tratamiento. En este artículo se comentan dicha infl uencia recíproca y el papel de la familia en la integración social del paciente adicto. AbstractIt is widely accepted that drug misuse and addictive behaviours havenegative consequences in different areas of family life. Many family members can show psychological, psychosomatic, affective, economic disturbances…, but it is true as well that family dynamics can infl uence addictive behaviours and their treatment. In this paper this reciprocal infl uence and the role of family in social integration of addicted patients are discussed.
New approaches. The experience in the district of La Mina / Nuevos enfoques de inserción laboral. La experiencia en el barrio de la mina
Authors: Vega Peña Fernando
Published: November 2017

La desigualdad de oportunidades laborales en personas con grave situación de exclusión social como son los drogodependientes, la estigmatización del barrio de la Mina (Barcelona) o la mejora de su estatus ocupacional y laboral como parte de su propio proceso terapéutico justifican cualquier intervención que mejore su empleabilidad. La metodología de trabajo que exponemos parte de enfoques multidimensionales y multisítemicos que se materializan en una red de entidades y recursos del barrio que actúan a diferentes niveles, siendo la inserción laboral una actuación clave. Cuantifi car con números el índice de inserción laboral es un tanto perverso ya que se deben tener en cuenta 2 factores: los personales, como el deterioro físico, características personales, implicación del drogodependiente o formación; y los factores más objetivos del mercado laboral (tipos de contrato, duración…). Para mejorar la empleabilidad se deben fortalecer algunas competencias básicas de trabajo (tolerancia a la frustración, trabajo en equipo, responsabilidad, etc.). AbstractThe inequality of labour opportunities with excluded people likedrug addicted, the stigmatization of the Mina area or the better status acquired as a part of the therapeutic process justify any intervention to increase their employability. The methodology used is based in a multidimensional and multisystemical approach that means a network developed by all the area resources, and including sociolabour inclusion as a key intervention during the drug addicted collective treatment. We have to consider two levels for the sociolabour inclusion of these collectives: personal (educational level) and external factors (employment politics). In order to improve the employability we have to work with basic competences for the market place (team work, responsibility, frustration tolerance).
Full number: Volume 8, Number 1 / Número completo: Volumen 8, Número 1
Authors: De junio de 2008. Número completo
Published: November 2017

Full number: Volume 8, Number 1 / Número completo: Volumen 8, Número 1.
Positions of people who use drugs: reflexions for a social health intervention / La posición de las personas que usan drogas: elementos de reflexión para una intervención sociosanitaria
Authors: Albertín Pilar , Cubells Jenny , Íñiguez-Rueda Lupicinio
Published: November 2017

El estudio pretende analizar la construcción del sujeto que usa drogas (especialmente heroína) con el objeto de ofrecer propuestas de carácter psicosocial para la intervención sociosanitaria en este colectivo. El método utilizado ha sido la etnografía, y el tipo de análisis es el análisis del discurso. Los resultados indican que la identidad de los/as usuarios/as de heroína está conectada a las posiciones que se activan en las interacciones y relaciones usuarios-profesionales en diferentes contextos cotidianos de atención y tratamiento sanitario. Estas posiciones activadas las hemosdenominado: terapéutica, farmaco-sensorial, consumista, legal-represiva y grupal-comunitaria.A partir de la comprensión de estas posiciones se obtienen claves para la intervención en los contextos penitenciarios como la pertinencia de comprender las tensiones que se establecen entre sujeto y sustancia, de considerar la imagen estigmatizada del usuario de drogas y la de favorecer la existencia de dilemas en los usuarios y profesionales.  Abstract The study claims to analyze the construction of the subject who usedrugs (specially heroin) with the aim of providing psychosocial proposals for social health intervention. The used method is ethnography. The type of analysis is “Discourse Analysis”. The results indicate that the identity of heroin’s users is connected with positions activated during the interactions users-professionals in different ordinary contexts. The positions are: therapeutic, drug-sensory, consumerist, legal-repressive and group-community. From the understanding of these positions, it is possible to obtain keys for intervene in the prison’s contexts for instance, the interest of understanding of tensions between users and substance, the interest of considering the stigmatised image of drug’s users, and thepotential of promoting dilemmas in users and professionals.
Developmental trajectories of self-management skills and adolescent substance use / Desarrollo de habilidades de autocuidado y uso de sustancias en adolescentes
Authors: W. Griffin Kenneth , M. Scheier Lawrence , Botvin Gilbert J.
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis study examined whether transitions in self-management skills were associated with change in gateway substance use (alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana) from early to mid-adolescence, using a latent growth framework for data analysis. The sample consisted of predominantly white, suburban, and middle-class students (N=2,277) attending 22 middle schools who were followed-up annually from the 7th through 10th grades. Findings indicated that substance use increased in a steady fashion, whereas change in self-management skills (represented by a latent construct withindicators of decision-making, problem solving, self-reinforcement, and self control skills) was relatively flat with a gradual decline over time.A conditioned growth model indicated that early levels of substanceuse increased the decline in self-management skills over time. Earlyself-management skills, on the other hand, were protective and slowed growth in substance use. Relations between the two slope growth factors indicated that increases in substance use over time were associated with parallel decreases in self-management skills. Receiving higher grades in school was protective and downwardly influenced growth in substance use, whereas being male was associated with a greater decline in self-management skills. These findings support the utility of prevention programs emphasizing self-management skills training as an effective deterrent to early-stage substance use.
Characteristics of effective programs for school-based prevention of drug use / Características de los programas eficaces para la prevención escolar del consumo de drogas
Authors: Gázquez Pertusa Mónica , García del Castillo José A. , Espada José P.
Published: November 2017

En las últimas dos décadas, muchos profesionales han manifestado la necesidad de hacer de la prevención una disciplina científica, en la que se trabaje en base a la evidencia objetiva, sin dejar lugar a prácticas intuitivas y/o basadas simplemente en la buena voluntad. Como resultado, hoy disponemos de una sólida base empírica acerca de las estrategias escolares que obtienen resultados en el consumo y las que no, e incluso las que resultan contrapreventivas. Sin embargo, al revisar las investigaciones desarrolladas en esta área, se constata una amplia variabilidad en los tamaños de los efectos de las intervenciones, lo que nos indica la necesidad de comprobar qué características de los programas preventivos sonlas responsables de esta variabilidad. El objetivo del estudio es describir las características de las intervenciones más efectivas, desarrolladas en el ámbito escolar. Para ello se sintetizan los resultados de cuatro revisiones de revisiones que han compendiado de forma sistematizada la evidencia arrojada por diversos estudios de revisiones y meta-análisis.  Absctract In the last two decades, many professionals have manifested the necessity to make of the prevention a scientific discipline, in which one works on the basis of the objective evidence, without leaving place to practical intuitive and/or simply based on the good will. Like result, today we have a solid empirical base about the school strategies that obtain results in the consumption and those that not, and even those that are against preventive. Nevertheless, when reviewing the investigations developed in this area, a wide variability in the sizes of the effects of the interventions is verified, wich indicates the necessity to us to verify what characteristic of the preventive programs are those responsible for this variability. The aim of the study is to describe the associated characteristics of the most effective interventions, developed in the school environment. For it, the results of four revisions of revisions that have summarized in a systematized way the evidence available by diverse studies of revisions and meta-analyses are synthesized it.
Research on the Selection of NCG in Improving SAGD Recovery for Super-Heavy Oil Reservoir with Top-Water
Authors: Gao Yongrong , Guo Erpeng , Zhang Yunjun , Shen Dehuang , Shi Junhui
Published: November 2017

The SAGD pilot test in Guantao oil reservoir, Du 84 block Liaohe oil field has achieved good results. But the existence of the top water is harmful to SAGD process. Non-Condensable Gas injection with steam (NCG-SAGD) is a beneficial technique for this kind of reservoir. Gas selection is an important step for NCG-SAGD. Based on the high temperature and high pressure phase-equilibrium experimental devices, the solubility of NCG like CH4, CO2 and N2 in super-heavy oil has been measured. Also the thermal property of heavy oil saturated with these NCG were tested separately. A numerical simulator is used to forecast the performance of different NCG in this reservoir, and optimize the operating parameters to maximize the effect of NCG additive. After series of experiments, the main results are as follows: The solubility of the three kind of gases is increasing along with the reduction of the temperature and the increase of the pressure. With the rise of the temperature and pressure, the viscosity of the crude saturated with the three kind of gases will reduce, and the density of the crude saturated with the three kind of gases will also decrease. The dissolving capacity in the Guantao oil and the viscosity reduction effect for the three kind of gases are listed as follows from high to low: CH4>CO2>N2. Simulation results shows that the production process for N2 is the longest because of its good heat insulation property. N2 is determined as the assistant gas in the SAGD technology according to the demands for top-water reservoir and mechanism of NCG-SAGD technology.
The Effect of Scaling and Root Planning on Salivary TNF-α and IL-1α Concentrations in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Eivazi Masoome , Falahi Negar , Eivazi Nastaran , Eivazi Mohammad Ali , Raygani Asad Vaisi , Rezaei Fatemeh
Published: November 2017

Objective:

Periodontitis is one of the main diseases in the oral cavity that causes tooth loss. The host immune response and inflammatory factors have important role in periodontal tissue. The current study was done with the objective to determine the effect of scaling and root planning on the salivary concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1-alpha (IL-1α).

Methods:

In this quasi-experimental clinical trial, 29 patients with chronic periodontitis and 29 healthy subjects without periodontitis were studied. Clinical examination findings and salivary TNF-α and IL-1α (using ELISA method) were compared before and after scaling, root planning.

Results:

Before starting treatment, salivary TNF-α and IL-1α concentrations were higher in healthy control group than in periodontitis group (P< 0.05). Non-surgical treatment increased the concentration of these two biomarkers in the saliva. However, increase in IL-1α concentration was not statistically significant (P= 0.056). There was a negative relationship between TNF-α and IL-1α levels with pocket depth and attachment loss (P< 0.05).

Conclusion:

Scaling and root planning improved periodontal disease indices and salivary TNF-α and IL-1α levels.
Intravitreal Anti Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents in The Management of Retinal Diseases: An Audit
Authors: Fiebai Bassey , Odogu Victor
Published: November 2017

Purpose:

The study aimed to describe our initial experience with the use of anti vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGFs) in the treatment of retinal diseases.

Methods:

The case records of all patients who had received at least 3 doses of intravitreal anti- VEGF injections between January 2012 to December 2016 were reviewed. Information culled from the data was age, sex, indications for treatment, type of injection, presenting visual acuity, post injection visual acuity, systemic and ocular co morbidities. Results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 for Windows statistical software

Results:

A total of 190 injections were given during the study period, to 58 eyes of 50 patients. Twenty-eight females (56.00%) and twenty-two males (44.00%) were seen with a mean age of 59.6± 11.66. Bevacizumab was the most frequently administered anti- VEGF, 142 (74.74%) while only 48(25.26%) injections of Ranibizumab were given. Three eyes had both bevacizumab and ranibizumab (1.58%). Retinal vein occlusion 61(32.11%) was the commonest indication for the injections followed by diabetic macular edema 43(22.63%) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy 42(22.11%). Others were neovascular age related macular degeneration, neovascular glaucoma, vitreous hemorrhage, myopic choroidal neovascularization and cystoid macular edema. There was an association between age and disease, (p = 0.001). There was an improvement in visual acuity after intervention in cases with retinal vein occlusion and diabetic macular edema, and this was statistically significant. Hypertension was the commonest systemic disorder in this series 81(42.36%) and the supero-temporal quadrant 131(68.95%) was the most preferred position to administer the injection. Floaters was the commonest complication seen.

Conclusion:

Anti VEGFs have become an invaluable tool in the management of a number of retinal diseases in our center. However, the cost implications are a hindrance to an increased uptake of this form of treatment. Cheaper alternative preparations should be made available to encourage the uptake. Government in developing countries should be encouraged to bear the health burden of the old aged pensioner (OAP).
In-House Preparation and Standardization of Herbal Face Pack
Authors: Pal Rashmi Saxena , Pal Yogendra , Wal Pranay
Published: November 2017

Background:

Since the ancient times, there has been awareness among people regarding the use of plants for the essential needs of a healthy and beautiful skin. Cosmetics are the products used to clean, beautify and promote attractive appearance. Cosmetics designed via incorporating natural sources such as herbs have been proven very fulfilling, in coping up with the present needs of different skin types.

Objective:

As due to increased pollution, allergy, microbes etc, human skin has become more sensitive and prone to faster aging. An attempt has been made to synthesize a pack ideal for all skin types. After the synthesis, all the parameters have been calculated in order to meet up the quality standards.

Materials and Methods:

The constituents were extracted from herbal ingredients such as Multani mitti, green tea, saffron, gram flour, turmeric, shwet chandan and milk powder. They were purchased from the local area and were dried separately, grinded, passed through sieve no 40, mixed homogenously and then evaluated for parameters including organoleptic, physicochemical, rheological features, phytochemical, stability, and irritancy examination.

Results:

The dried powders of combined pack showed good flow property which is suitable for a face pack. Organoleptic evaluation showed that the pack is smooth and pleasant smelling powder. Rheological findings justified the flow properties of the pack as it was found to be free flowing and non-sticky in nature. The results proved that the formulation was stable on all aspects. Irritancy test showed the negative. Stability tests performed revealed the inert nature of the pack.

Conclusion:

Thus, in the present work, we formulated a pack, which can be easily made with the easily available ingredients. It showed all the benefits of a face pack and further optimization studies are required on its various parameters to find its useful benefits on the human beings.
An Epistemological View on Risk Exposure Assessment: A Case Study
Authors: Chiffi Daniele , Berchialla Paola , Gregori Dario
Published: November 2017

Background:

Research in Health Risk Assessment is increasingly covering a preeminent role in health care studies. However, risk assessment faces the issue of properly measuring risk exposure.

Objective:

The aim of the study has been to tackle some methodological issues regarding the risk assessment analysis in the health field, giving more emphasis to a philosophical and epistemological approach in order to show the difficulties in adopting suitable exposure assessment techniques.

Method:

Here, we present a methodological review and a critical discussion of foreign body injuries articles in child population as a case study. A Medline, Econlite and CIS bibliographic search was conducted considering the term “foreign bodies” only in “children” and “risk”. Only English papers are considered. Further research on CDC, CPSC, DGSANCO databases has been performed. Different approaches in risk assessment are reviewed using four case-study papers with the purpose of pointing out their limitations.

Result:

Ten papers are retrieved though literature review reporting risk estimate of foreign bodies injuries in children.

Conclusion:

Considering that different variables affecting the risk of choking injuries, like intrinsic characteristic of a product or the intensity levels at which children are exposed, and then it seems very difficult to correctly evaluate risk of injuries. For this reason, we have argued for an epistemological and holistic approach toward risk assessment.
High Agreement and High Prevalence: The Paradox of Cohen’s Kappa
Authors: Zec Slavica , Soriani Nicola , Comoretto Rosanna , Baldi Ileana
Published: November 2017

Background:

Cohen's Kappa is the most used agreement statistic in literature. However, under certain conditions, it is affected by a paradox which returns biased estimates of the statistic itself.

Objective:

The aim of the study is to provide sufficient information which allows the reader to make an informed choice of the correct agreement measure, by underlining some optimal properties of Gwet’s AC1 in comparison to Cohen’s Kappa, using a real data example.

Method:

During the process of literature review, we have asked a panel of three evaluators to come up with a judgment on the quality of 57 randomized controlled trials assigning a score to each trial using the Jadad scale. The quality was evaluated according to the following dimensions: adopted design, randomization unit, type of primary endpoint. With respect to each of the above described features, the agreement between the three evaluators has been calculated using Cohen’s Kappa statistic and Gwet’s AC1 statistic and, finally, the values have been compared with the observed agreement.

Results:

The values of the Cohen’s Kappa statistic would lead to believe that the agreement levels for the variables Unit, Design and Primary Endpoints are totally unsatisfactory. The AC1 statistic, on the contrary, shows plausible values which are in line with the respective values of the observed concordance.

Conclusion:

We conclude that it would always be appropriate to adopt the AC1 statistic, thus bypassing any risk of incurring the paradox and drawing wrong conclusions about the results of agreement analysis.
A Social Network Approach to the Estimation of Perceived Quality of Health Care
Authors: Carletti Giulia , Soriani Nicola , Mattiazzi Martina , Gregori Dario
Published: November 2017

Background:

Measuring service quality aids health care providers to recognize specific and unmet needs of patients. Nevertheless, perceived quality of health care services (PQC) is often investigated with inadequate techniques which may lead to biased results.

Objective:

The aim of the present study is to develop a proof-of-concept for estimating the PQC using the scale-up estimator, with reference to a concrete assessment in patients of a major Oncology Hospital in Veneto (IOV). Results have then been compared with those collected by the Customer Relations Office (CRO) after the annual survey conducted with traditional questionnaire based techniques.

Material and Methods:

Seven hundred and eighty-three sets consisting of two questionnaires were handed out to IOV patients between 26 and 28 November 2012. The first questionnaire was the CRO annual one composed by 15 direct questions about the perception of quality satisfaction rate using a Likert scale. The second questionnaire was the scale-up (NSUM) one, composed by 20 indirect questions, 5 of which were reproducing the main target of CRO for estimating PQC.

Results:

The comparisons made over 299 sets of questionnaires showed differences between the two techniques. Network Scale-Up Method (NSUM) questionnaire seems to be able to produce lower estimates of PQC with respect to the CRO annual questionnaire. In some cases, the NSUM showed dissatisfaction rates which are 20-fold higher respect to CRO.

Conclusion:

NSUM could be a promising method for assessing the perceived quality of care.
Exhaustive Classification and Review of Techniques and Research Program for Techniques for Skate Skiing, Classical Skiing, and Ski Mountaineering
Authors: Hausken Kjell
Published: November 2017

Background:

Scattered analysis of some cross country skiing techniques is present in the literature.

Objective:

To provide an exhaustive classification and systematic overview of techniques in cross country skiing.

Method:

This paper classifies six techniques for skate skiing (gliding diagonal skate skiing G1, paddling G2, double dance G3, two skate G4, marathon skate, combiskate G5), four techniques for classical skiing (running diagonal stride RUN DS, diagonal stride DS, double poling kick DK, and double poling DP), five techniques for both skate skiing and classical skiing (herringbone HB, side-stepping G6, low tuck G7, plowing, skidding), and five techniques for steep terrain ski mountaineering. Classification occurs according to degrees of inclination of the terrain, speed ranges, whether the technique is propulsive or for downhill velocity control/turning, frequency of time applied, and literature references. Furthermore, techniques depend on snow conditions, friction, competition, training, wind, positioning within a race, the skier’s expertise, exhaustion level, acceleration, deceleration,etc.

Results:

Techniques can influence who wins races in cross-country skiing. Reasons for technique changes are provided, exemplified with technique changes through terrains with different inclines. Literature references are given for inclines and speeds for the various techniques.

Conclusion:

Essential for maturing skiers are the frequency and quality by which the six techniques for skate skiing, four techniques for classical skiing, and five techniques for both styles except mountaineering, are trained, when to use them, how and in which sequence they are introduced, and adequate supplementary training (e.g.crunches for double poling DP). A research program is sketched.
Understanding Wayfinding Experience of Hospital Visitor through Tours and Maps Analysis
Authors: Mustikawati Triandriani , Yatmo Yandi Andri , Atmodiwirjo Paramita
Published: November 2017

This paper proposes a spatial narrative approach in understanding the wayfinding spatial experience of hospital visitors in a building environment. Narrative actions involved in wayfinding journeys are explored and analysed using tours and maps reading (de Certeau, 1984) as analysis tools. The study aims at gaining an understanding of how wayfinding spatial experience of visitors is organized. This study reveals that wayfinding consists of both itinerary and spatial knowledge that always relate to and influence each other. Understanding hospital visitors’ wayfinding spatial experience comprehensively can expand our knowledge for designing a supportive healthcare facility’s environment.
Improving Community Behaviour Towards Sustainable Mobility for Liveable Neighbourhoods
Authors: Mohd Talmizi Nurain , Zainol Halmi , Teriman Suharto , Ali Nor Eeda
Published: November 2017

Major challenges of sustainable environment are identifying the community and predicting the behaviour of each community in neighbourhoods. Many local authorities are eager to overcome these issues to improve their sustainability. The research focuses on the behaviour of community in neighbourhoods. The study is conducted with 135 samples. The main factors that contribute in successful relationship between the community behaviour factors towards sustainable mobility. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient level showed all the factors exceeding 0.80 and all dimensions have a good reliability value. A contributing factor of community behaviour has been discovered to reduce the negative effects of congestion, crime and vandalism.
Mobile Apps for Caregivers of Older Adults: Quantitative Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Grossman Molli R , Zak Deanah Kim , Zelinski Elizabeth M
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND

Informal caregivers of older adults provide critical support for their loved ones but are subject to negative health outcomes because of burden and stress. Interventions to provide information and resources as well as social and emotional support reduce burden. Mobile apps featuring access to information, assistance with scheduling, and other features can automate support functions inexpensively and conveniently and reach a greater proportion of caregivers than otherwise possible.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to identify mobile apps geared towards caregivers of older adults, catalog features, and suggest best practices for adoption based on empirical findings of beneficial interventions in the caregiving literature.

METHODS

Search for apps focused on ones catered for caregivers of older adults in Google Play and iTunes, compiling their features, and identifying features reflecting categories of support identified in successful intervention studies to negative caregiver outcomes. Intervention research indicates that provision of information and resources, assistance in practical problem solving, coordinating care among multiple caregivers, and emotional support reduce caregiver burden.

RESULTS

Despite approximately over 200,000 mobile health–related apps, the availability of mobile apps for caregivers is relatively sparse (n=44 apps) as of October 2017. Apps generally addressed specific categories of support, including information and resources, family communication, and caregiver-recipient interactions. Few apps were comprehensive. Only 8 out of 44 (18%) had features that addressed three or more categories. Few apps provided specific stress reduction exercises for caregivers, which is important for reducing burden.

CONCLUSIONS

Mobile apps have the potential to provide resources, just­-in­-time information for problem-solving, and stress reduction strategies for caregivers. Many apps offer functions that have been shown to reduce burden and improve health outcomes in caregivers, but few provide emotional support. Using an evidence­-based practice approach, mobile apps for caregivers can provide multiple beneficial support functions. Apps can serve a much larger proportion of this highly underserved population in their mobile form than more traditional means, improving their health and quality of life.
Defining Industrial Action
Authors: Creighton Breen , Denvir Catrina , McCrystal Shae
Published: November 2017

Unions engaged in enterprise bargaining under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) (‘FW Act’) frequently exhibit considerable creativity in the forms of industrial action they take in order to pressurise employers to make concessions in bargaining. Examples of such conduct can include sending emails with the Caps Lock function turned on, wearing union campaign clothing or insignia whilst at work, and communicating with clients and customers of the target employer about the employees’ industrial campaign.

This creativity is pushing the definition of ‘industrial action’ in s 19 of the FW Act to its outer limits. This is important due to the fact that many aspects of the bargaining regime established under the FW Act turn upon whether particular conduct falls within the statutory definition. These include provisions concerning the lawfulness or otherwise of industrial action; access to orders to stop or prevent unprotected industrial action; payment of wages for periods when employees are engaging in industrial action; and employers’ capacity to stand down employees without pay where they cannot usefully be employed because of industrial action which does not involve the employer or its employees.

This article traces the current definition back to its origins in the system of conciliation and arbitration that operated in Australia throughout most of the 20th century. That system treated all industrial action as unlawful at statute and/or common law. The definition has not been significantly changed since the replacement of that system by one based on enterprise based bargaining, accompanied by limited recognition of the capacity lawfully to take industrial action in the course of such bargaining. Reviewing the current definition and its practical operation in its social, historical, and international context, the article concludes that the definition is not ‘fit for as purpose, and proposes that it should be revised in order better to accord with the purposes of the legislation and with the bargaining regime it establishes.
Popular Sovereignty and the Nationhood Power
Authors: Duke George
Published: November 2017

The principle that the constitution derives its ultimate authority from the sovereignty of the people and the nationhood power were both developed by the High Court in the context of Australia's emergence as an independent nation. Although this shared provenance suggests the possibility of a more significant connection between the two doctrines, such a connection has not been developed in Australian constitutional jurisprudence. The heavily criticised judgment of French J in the Tampa decision appears to allude to such a connection, but the relevant reasoning is ambiguous and either left undeveloped or implicitly rejected in subsequent High Court cases. This paper critically examines the relationship between popular sovereignty and the nationhood power on two levels. In the first instance, the paper investigates whether it is even coherent to seek to provide a normative ground for the nationhood power in popular sovereignty. The paper then considers whether such a justification is consistent with Australian constitutional doctrine. Unsurprisingly, the weight of constitutional principle and doctrine supports the general subjection of the executive to prior legislative authorisation, rather than a robust non-statutory executive power grounded in popular sovereignty. While this conclusion is predictable in an Australian context, a detailed examination of the relationship between the weaker conception of popular sovereignty operative in the reasoning of High Court and the nationhood power nonetheless reveals some important underlying assumptions of current doctrinal orthodoxy.
It's Time for Federal Regulation of Retirement Villages
Authors: Latimer Paul
Published: November 2017

As Australia's population ages, increasing numbers of seniors move to a growing number of retirement villages. Unlike time shares, which are ‘managed investment schemes’ and therefore regulated as ‘financial products’ under corporate law administered nationally by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), the Commonwealth withdrew from the regulation of retirement villages in the 1980s on the basis that at that time they were local, usually run by religious bodies and charities and were not of national concern. The regulation of retirement villages was taken over by the states and territories under their non-uniform Retirement Villages Acts and the common law. Until then retirement villages, often indistinguishable from Commonwealth regulated timeshares, were regulated in the original State and Territory Uniform Companies Acts in 1961 as ‘interests’, and then in later Commonwealth legislation as ‘prescribed interests’ by the forebear of ASIC, the then National Companies and Securities Commission (NCSC) with the State and Territory Corporate Affairs Commissions as its ‘delegates’. Today retirement villages, which are largely owned and managed by the corporate sector, raise many issues of national concern such as accountability, fees and the rights of residents. Some aspects of retirement villages such as directors’ duties, fundraising, prospectuses and unregistered schemes are regulated as corporations by ASIC under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth), but retirement villages are not regulated as ‘financial products’ under corporate law.

This article challenges the effectiveness of state and territory regulation of retirement villages and calls for federal regulation of retirement villages by bringing retirement villages into the definition of ‘financial product’ in the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) and in the Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001 (Cth). As financial products, retirement villages would then be regulated by Commonwealth legislation which deals with financial services and financial markets, as regulated by ASIC. These laws include consumer protection provisions such as the prohibition of misleading or deceptive conduct, unfair contract terms, unconscionable conduct, licensing and high standards for those in the retirement village industry. This would result in a return to Commonwealth leadership of the regulation of retirement villages to harmonise and to consolidate the current mix of state and territory regulation with federal legislation including an enforceable Retirement Villages Code of Conduct.
Exploraciones arqueológicas en la Fortaleza de Santo Tomás de Jánico: nuevos aportes a su comprensión histórica
Authors: Ulloa Hung Jorge , Sonnemann Till F.
Published: November 2017

El trabajo muestra los resultados de las prospecciones arqueológicas realizadas en el solar donde estuvo ubicada la fortaleza de Santo Tomás de Jánico, fundada por los españoles en 1494 durante los procesos iniciales de colonización de La Española. Los objetivos esenciales fueron localizar posibles restos de esa estructura, validar las ideas sobre la existencia de un segundo momento de ocupación de ese enclave militar y arrojar nuevas informaciones sobre los materiales utilizados para su construcción. Durante las prospecciones se aplicaron medios técnicos no invasivos como radar de penetración de suelo (GPR), detector de metales, estación total (TS) y drones. Un modelo tridimensional de la superficie del sitio arqueológico fue creado a partir de levantamientos fotogramétricos, lo que proporcionó un mapa topográfico actualizado del mismo, además las exploraciones en su entorno arrojaron nueve sitios arqueológicos indígenas, que no habían sido previamente registrados.
Encuentros psico-afectivos: estrategia lúdica y creativa en favor de una experiencia escolar integral
Authors: Liranzo Soto Patricia , Jiménez Soto Andreína , Pacheco-Salazar Berenice , Hernández-Mella Rocío
Published: November 2017

El artículo “Encuentros Psico-Afectivos: estrategia lúdica y creativa en favor de una experiencia escolar integral” describe lo acontecido en los talleres organizados para producir una práctica, por medio del juego y el arte, alrededor del tema “cuerpo” en estudiantes de primaria. El estudio corresponde a la intervención ejecutada dentro del marco de la investigación “Arte y afectividad: desarrollo de actitudes positivas y de una expresividad creativa en una experiencia escolar inclusiva”, cuyo propósito implicó la descripción de la vivencia educativa de niños y niñas de 1o a 4o grados en interacción con sus docentes para producir una estrategia lúdica y creativa que aportara al desarrollo de las potencialidades de todos los actores involucrados. Igualmente, analiza las manifestaciones producidas en un promedio de 320 estudiantes del primer ciclo del Nivel Básico en cuatro escuelas del sector público del municipio de Yamasá, República Dominicana. Los Encuentros Psico-Afectivos (EPA) se estructuraron con un nivel de complejidad creciente en el uso del cuerpo. Los ejercicios y dinámicas desarrollados en los talleres EPA mostraron tener un efecto positivo en la expresión de sentimientos y manifestaciones creativas de los estudiantes participantes, lo que permite concluir que, por medio del arte, es posible canalizar las conductas disruptivas abriendo espacios para una experiencia educativa integral e inclusiva.
Fernández Pequeño, entre los límites del barrio y el mundo
Authors: Columbié Ena
Published: November 2017

No precisa de resumen.
Genotoxicity of triiodothyronine: Effects on Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and human lymphocytes in vitro
Authors: Bosnjak-Neumüller Jasna , Djelic Ninoslav , Radakovic Milena , Kolarevic Stoimir , Mitic-Culafic Dragana , Dajic-Stevanovic Zora , Vukovic-Gacic Branka , Knezevic-Vukcevic Jelena , Stanimirovic Zoran
Published: November 2017

There is increasing evidence that substances which are normally present in
human or animal bodies may, under the certain circumstances, exhibit
deleterious effects on genetic material, therefore acting as endogenous
mutagenic agents. Since hormones represent one of the best studied endogenous
mutagens, some research focused on the possible role of thyroid hormone in
mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Indeed, thyroid hormones accelerate aerobic
metabolism and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, therefore,
may exhibit mutagenic effects in various test systems on mammalian cells.
However, possible mutagenic effects on prokaryotic DNA has not been
investigated so far. Hence, the aim of this research was to compare the
sensitivity of TA 100 Salmonella typhimurium with and without metabolic
activation with S9 fraction, and human lymphocytes to possible genotoxic
effects of triiodothyronine (T3). Therefore, we used the reverse mutation
assay on S. typhimurium (Ames test) and in vitro Comet assay in isolated
peripheral blood human lymphocytes. In both tests-systems a broad spectrum of
T3 concentrations was applied. The obtained results showed absence of
genotoxic effects of T3 in bacterial reverse mutation assay and very profound
genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes at concentrations higher than 15 ?M.
We only observed cytotoxic effects in bacterial system at very high T3
concentrations (300 and 500 ?M). In conclusion, T3 was unable to increase the
level of reverse mutations in Ames test both with and without S9 mix.
Therefore, it seems that ROS production in mitochondria may be the primary
cause of DNA damage caused by T3 in mammalian cells.
Respons of wheat species to irrigation water salinity
Authors: Coşkun Yalçın , Taş İsmail
Published: November 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different irrigation
water salinity level on chromosomes and shoots of wheat with three different
ploidy level (diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid). Greenhouse experiment
revealed that irrigation water salinity level had significant effects on
shoot dry weight, root dry weight, shoot length and root length (P<0.05).
The effects of ploidy level and cultivar shoot dry weight and root dry
weight were also found to be significant (P<0.05), but the effects on shoot
length and root length were not significant (P>0.05). Negative effects of
salinity on shoot and root were started at 8 dS m-1. Also hexaploid wheat
was more tolerant then tetraploid and diploid wheat to salinity. It was not
determined that possible effects of irrigation water salinity to structure
of chromosomes with current equipment and methods. Cell divisions were
normal, but decreasing cell division rates were observed with increasing
irrigation water salinity levels.
Genotyping of Bacillus spp. isolate collection from natural samples
Authors: Draganic Veselin , Lozo Jelena , Biocanin Marjan , Dimkic Ivica , Garalejic Eliana , Fira Djordje , Stankovic Slavisa , Beric Tanja
Published: November 2017

The aim of this study was genotyping and identification of collection of 164
Bacillus spp. isolates, from samples of soil, manure, and straw gathered from
across Serbia, using Pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) combined with
sequencing of tuf gene, one of the housekeeping genes. The PFGE analysis with
NotI enzyme was used to determine phylogenetic relationships of isolates and
referent strains. Four large groups of Bacillus spp. were distinguishable:
cereus, subtilis, pumilus and megaterium and within enormous genetic
diversity. Bacillus subtilis Marburg referent strain did not group with rest
of the strains from the subtilis group (Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633 and
Bacillus atrophaeus ATCC9372). Strains from the cereus group were
distinguished and closely grouped together. One representative isolate from
each of 21 distinct PFGE groups was identified by sequencing of tuf gene.
Eight different species were identified among chosen isolates: B.
amyloliquefaciens, B. subtilis, B. pumilus, B. safensis, B. megaterium, B.
cereus, B. anthracis and B. thuringiensis. Our results showed that PFGE
analysis combined with sequencing of one of the housekeeping genes could be
used for characterization of large collections of Bacillus isolates. The
determination of tuf gene recommended itself to be an adequate and sufficient
analysis for obtaining very clear and unambiguous results, with high
resolution of separation of Bacillus species.