bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Then, we were wolves, again: the mutable lycanthropy mythos and its challenge to anthropocentrism and androcentric thought
Authors:   , Gebert Renata
Published: August 2021

In literature and film, werewolves have gone through an incredibly varied series of portrayals, but, throughout all of their changes (cycling largely between being antagonists and protagonists), werewolves have always interacted with the essentialist concept of the human-animal binary. Mutable at their core, werewolves reflect the people, places, and times of their various manifestations; the werewolf is whatever we need it to be. The fact that werewolves are inherently liminal creatures means that, for the purposes of my thesis' discussion, werewolves can serve as a tool for addressing preconceived notions of human exceptionalism (i.e., anthropocentrism). I question the assumptions of boundaries and socalled human traits with a story about embracing the uncertainty that our classifications and labels seek to efface. Simultaneously, I draw attention to female werewolves to level a concurrent challenge against patriarchal scripts that denigrate the association of human females with non-human animals. Just as many historical portrayals of werewolves reinforce the negative connotations of a woman-animal alignment, so too do contemporary representations of female werewolves become subject to portrayals that reinforce patriarchal values, rather than challenge them. Therefore, my focus is two-fold: to present an alternative narrative (in the form of a theory piece married to a novel) that draws attention to the artificial nature of both anthropocentrism and androcentrism. These two ways of thinking—that humans are inherently more important than animals and that the perspectives of male humans, in particular, trump all other points of view—are inextricably linked in their ideological othering of alternative experiences of being. The female werewolf, an embodiment of both inferior entities, is a well-suited symbol to decentralize dominant patriarchal narratives. Presented herein is my theory piece and the first fifteen chapters of my novel, Then, We Were Wolves, Again. It is a story about a woman who becomes the wolf she was all along and a man who undergoes a transformation but does not change. As a human, the protagonist, Harley, drifted through life like a lone wolf, but now, as an actual werewolf, she struggles to reconcile her instinctual need for her pack with her growing sense of disenchantment with her fellow lycanthropes. Indoctrinated by their leader, Arden, they're convinced of their sovereignty as a superior species to humans, but this new werewolf picks away at the cracks of hypocrisy, revealing the same species-centric thinking the wolves claim to transcend.
An agentic perspective in assessment and evaluation of play-based learning
Authors: Crowhurst Paul
Published: August 2021

In recent times play-based learning has become more prevalent in New Zealand primary schools. The notion of learner agency has also emerged as a priority for educators. Learner agency is underpinned by a strong foundation of theory that has the potential to find synergies with play-based learning. Based on research across three primary school classrooms, this paper conceptualises learner agency as occurring on three separate levels in the classroom—type of learning, direction of learning, and evaluation of learning. It is the evaluation of learning where play-based educators may benefit the most from an agentic perspective. It is suggested that primary classroom teachers seeking to evaluate play-based learning should adopt a dialogic approach to evaluation based on asking questions that are focused on the four key properties of agency, which are: ideas, planning, action, and self-reflection.
Asimetrías científicas de un laboratorio biotecnológico (periférico) del sur de Chile
Authors: Imio Juan Carlos , Viviana Francisca
Published: August 2021

El artículo indaga en las asimetrías científicas que se generan en la producción y circulación del conocimiento de un laboratorio biotecnológico (periférico) del sur de Chile. La investigación asume dos supuestos teóricos. Primero, la publicación de artículos se ha convertido en un “objeto subordinante”, que tiene la capacidad de estructurar la actividad científica de las periferias; segundo, los científicos de la periferia han tenido que adecuar sus problemas de investigación, criterios, idioma y relaciones de colaboración, para producir conocimientos que sean publicables en revistas de alto impacto. Parcialmente, los resultados evidenciaron indicios de relaciones de integración subordinada, predilección por la publicación en revistas de circuito mainstream y una baja citación de los conocimientos producidos por los científicos chilenos.
Indirect Evaporative Cooling: An Efficient and Convenient Energy System
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department  of  Mechanical  Engineering, Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering, Yadrav, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India, Pendhari Asiya S
Published: August 2021

Evaporative cooling is now an alternative method for the conventional air cooling method. This method does not only save energy but also protect the environment from global warming and hazardous gases. Thus this system is highly efficient and eco-friendly. Evaporative cooling system is further divided into two categories that are direct evaporative cooling system and an indirect evaporative cooling system. The direct evaporative cooling system is not much efficient due to high wet bulb temperature and moisture thus rather than using the direct evaporative cooling system the indirect evaporative cooling system is preferred. This paper discusses comparative studies of performance, working principles, material selection criteria’s and various methods. It also explains the performance under different weather conditions, hybrid structure to reduce the load on the further system. It summarises various aspects like wick attained aluminium sheet is the best material for IEC or counter-flow heat exchanger is effective than parallel-flow heat exchanger. It finally results that indirect evaporative cooling system is moisture free, very effective and environment savings. That can be used in various residential and commercial sectors effectively as an alternative for conventional energy-consuming system.
Efficient Dynamic Acknowledgement Scheme for Manet
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department Electronics Communication Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Bodi, Theni, Tamil Nadu, India, Thamizhmaran K
Published: August 2021

Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET) is the decentralized type of network and it does not rely on pre-existing infrastructure. All nodes work as routers and take path in discovery and maintenance of routes to other nodes in the network. The Energy Efficiency continues to be a key factor in limitingthe deploy ability of ad-hoc networks. Deployingan energy efficient system exploiting themaximum life time of the network has remained agreat challenge since years. The major concern inWireless network in recent days is Energy Consumption. There are numerous algorithms proposed to overcome this issue. In this paper proposed a new intrusion detection system is Enhanced Adaptive 3 Acknowledgement (EA3ACK) using Energy Efficiency Dynamic State (EEDS) algorithm. This algorithmis designed to increase the network lifetime and remaining energy bycontinuously monitoring the individual nodes inthe network, thereby it increases the quality ofservice of the network. Network Simulator (NS2) is used to implement & test our proposed system. The proposed EEDS- EA3ACK algorithm provides secure transmission & further it improves network performance.
Contamination Control Study in Grown Oxide for Reliable CMOS Operations
Authors:   Scientist, U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Singh K
Published: August 2021

Contamination control in the grown oxide affects the device performance and considered as the main parameter in the fabrication process. The presence of mobile ions in the oxide shifts the flat-band voltage of the device and the key parameters responsible for this behavior are the repeatability of the process parameters and overall fabrication environment. Further cleanliness of the fabrication tool, stability of process parameters and deposition conditions can also contaminate the oxide quality. In present article various parameters such as thickness, cleanliness and process environment are studied and analyzed.
Far-right discourse as legitimacy? Analysing political rhetoric on the “migration issue” in Greece
Authors: Boukala Salomi
Published: August 2021

This article advances research on the normalisation of far-right rhetoric on the “migration issue” by analysing statements from the current Greek prime minister, Kyriakos Mitsotakis, and the ruling political party New Democracy political figures. Having presented the discourse-historical approach (DHA) from critical discourse studies (CDS) as a suitable theory and method of analysis of political discourses, I use an argumentative-based DHA approach and add the argumentative schemes of Aristotelian topoi and fallacies to explore how the leadership of the conservative New Democracy government adopted far-right rhetoric on the refugee issue to justify its tough political agenda on security, law, and order. In particular, I focus on the representation of migration as a threat to national security and public health, the politics of hate, and theories of securitisation via an in-depth analysis of the current and former prime ministers’ discourses, the former government spokesman’s statement on the refugee issue and a popular journalist and New Democracy’s MP television interview, and intend to illustrate how extreme right rhetoric could serve the conservative New Democracy’s political strategies.
Effect Of Vêo® Premium and Vitamin C Supplementation on Lipid Profile Before and During Pregnancy in Some Local Iraqi Ewes During Heat Stress
Authors: Alani Othman Ghazi Najeeb , Abdul-Rahaman Yassen Taha , Mohammed Thafer Thabit
Published: August 2021

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of VêO® premium and vitamin C (Vit. C) supplementation on lipid profile before and during pregnancy in local Iraqi ewes during heat stress. The study was conducted in a private field in Fallujah city, west Iraq, during the period from 6/8/2019 to 8/2/2020. Twenty local Iraqi ewes were divided randomly into four equal groups (5 for each group) The first group (T1) was given VêO® premium (4 g/ ewe/ day), the second group (T2) was given VêO® premium (2 g/ ewe/ day), and the third group (T3) was given Vit. C (40 mg/ ewe/ day), and the fourth group (T4) was left without treatment, as a control group. After 14 days of treatment, vaginal sponges were inserted for 14 days and, after their withdrawal, the rams were introduced for 6 days. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein into vacutainer tubes (10 ml) at 4 periods (periods 1 and 2 before pregnancy; periods 3 and 4 during pregnancy). Lipid profile parameters were also estimated, which includes cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and malondialdehyde (MDA). There were no significant difference in the serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, and LDL among the various treatments before and during pregnancy. The level of VLDL was significantly higher in T2 group as compared to the other treatments (P≤0.05) at the fourth periods. There was a significant difference in the level of MDA (P≤0.05) in treatment T3 in the first period compared with the treatments T1, T2, and T4, whereas treatment T4 showed significantly higher level (P≤0.05) in the second, third, and fourth periods as compared to treatments T1, T2, and T3.

In conclusion, different effects of VêO® premium and Vitamin C supplementation were noticed on the lipid profile before and during pregnancy in local Iraqi ewes during heat stress.
Virulence Potential of Penicillium Chrysogenum Isolated from Subclinical Bovine Mastitis
Authors: Jameel Fadwa Abdul Razaq , Yassein Shaimaa Nabhan
Published: August 2021

The present study aimed to the isolation and identification of Penicillium chrysogenum from subclinical bovine mastitis as well as the evaluation of their potential to produce the main virulence factors by assessing proteinase production, urease production, growth rate at 37 ̊C, and hemolytic activity on Blood agar. One hundred milk samples were assembled from the White Gold village and surrounded outlying farms of Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad province, during the period from November 2018 to March 2019. Each milk sample was tested for California Mastitis (CMT). The results indicated that 85% of the samples gave positive (+ve) results for CMT. Sixty six mycotic isolates were detected, including 31 isolates of Penicillium spp. (46.9%) and 23 isolates of P. chrysogenum (34.8%). All of P. chrysogenum isolates were identified by culturing on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and Czapek Doxes Agar at 25 ºC for 5-7 days. P. chrysogenum was diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of fungal ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The results of genetic identities showed that this fungus had 94% matching with the reference strain. Also, this study indicated that P. chrysogenum has several virulence factors with the ability of this fungus to degrade both proteins (albumin and casein), hydrolyse urea, and grow ate 37 ̊C, but not to confer hemolytic activity on Blood Agar.
Gamificación personalizada para fortalecer aprendizajes significativos de la asignatura matemática
Authors: Sánchez-Pacheco Carlos Luis
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de la presente investigación es demostrar que la aplicación de gamificación fortalece el aprendizaje significativo de la asignatura Matemática. La investigación mixta cuya población fueron los estudiantes de bachillerato de la ciudad de Guayaquil. Los datos se recolectaron mediante un cuestionario de Google Forms. Sobre el conocimiento de Gamificación, se encontró que hay estudiantes que manejan la estrategia sin conocer sus fundamentos teóricos, hay estudiantes que tienen poco conocimiento y hay quienes solo se enteraron de la técnica.
Valoración: calidad de vida laboral y C-TPAT en mueblerías poblanas
Authors: Lomas Montaudon Yvonne , Navarro Martino Rey David
Published: August 2021

La problemática recae en que se considera que existe relación entre la calidad de vida laboral y la teoría de las expectativas en torno a la certificación C-TPAT y la Asociación de Aduanas para el Comercio contra el Terrorismo (C-TPAT, por sus siglas en inglés). La mayoría de los estudios relacionados con certificaciones industriales se enfocan en la productividad y desempeño de la empresa. Resulta claro que es necesario desarrollar un estudio que dé luz, para saber si es que certificar una empresa implica un beneficio al trabajador en su calidad de vida laboral y no solo en la compañía. Posteriormente se deberá desarrollar un análisis relacional de la teoría de expectativas con calidad de vida laboral de empresas del ramo mueblero poblano en el proceso de certificación C-TPAT, con proceso de apreciación.
Uso de las TIC como estrategias de introducción a nuevos mercados: caso Corea del Sur
Authors: Altamirano Vásquez Margarita , Ojeda Farías Lizeth Silvia , Rueda Gómez María Guadalupe
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo muestra a Corea del Sur como objeto de estudio por ser un país vanguardista en desarrollo tecnológico, digital, y por el impacto que estas tecnologías han provocado en el mundo empresarial, ya que, al ser un mercado acostumbrado a los altos estándares digitales es de suma importancia conocer el tipo de estrategias que se deben implementar cuando se tiene planeado ingresar a un mercado altamente tecnológico. Además, se pretende identificar las ventajas del uso de las nuevas tecnologías en la actual aplicación de la mercadotecnia, por lo cual, se analiza el fenómeno del marketing y las campañas digitales como una nueva forma en la que las empresas se comunican e interactúan con sus clientes de forma más eficiente. También se resalta el uso de los motores de búsqueda alternativos y las redes sociales locales como herramienta primordial para conocer las preferencias de compra e incursionar en el comercio minorista coreano, especialmente en el comercio en línea.
La microhistoria del cacao en Jalcomulco, Veracruz: participación social para un aprovechamiento sostenible desde la revalorización de saberes, recursos y capacidades locales
Authors: Ayala Benítez David Omar
Published: August 2021

La microhistoria del cacao en Jalcomulco, Veracruz; aborda las implicaciones sociohistóricas que se tejen a partir de este elemento como un ingrediente esencial en la preparación, del tradicional champurrado con cacao en la localidad. Esta bebida caliente, acompaña y se comparte en fechas especiales, adquiriendo un valor simbólico ligado a sus tradiciones. El cacao, se vincula a un consumo histórico local que envuelve saberes heredados y prácticas en torno a la forma en que se cultiva, procesa y prepara. De modo que la microhistoria, da cuenta de su origen en un principio, y expone sus relaciones: del contexto agrícola, prácticas entorno al cultivo, saberes heredados, participación por género, aprovechamiento, de los momentos y espacios de significación. Planteándose como base para una propuesta de aprovechamiento sostenible de cacao, que parte del reconocimiento y revalorización de saberes, recursos y capacidades locales para una gestión ambiental propia, orientada en la economía social.
Developmental Outcomes of University Female Basketball Athletes As Participants in Peer Mentoring Groups
Authors: Kroll Jonathan , McMillian-Roberts Kathleen
Published: August 2021

Peer group mentoring can stimulate developmental outcomes for university basketball athletes. Seven female university basketball athletes from an NCAA Division III team participated in peer mentoring groups over the course of an academic year. By sharing about their lived experiences, the researchers were able to capture narratives that illuminated the impact of this developmental relationship. Thematic analysis was utilized to explore these descriptions and collate them into findings relevant for athletes, coaches, Athletics administrators, and others. Findings presented below indicate that these peer group mentoring experiences (a) nurtured synergistic relationships; (b) cultivated athletes’ resilience; and (c) developed athletes’ self-efficacy.
The oral health status and dental treatment needs of children affected by osteogenesis imperfecta – part I
Authors: Kozubska Agnieszka , Chlebna-Sokół Danuta , Jakubowska-Pietkiewicz Elżbieta , Michałus Izabela , Beska-Bartecka Karolina , Joanna Szczepańska Joanna
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Osteogenesis imperfecta is an inherited disorder of the connective tissue. Which in most cases, is caused by mutations in the genes encoding collagen type I. Apart from clinical features, there are characteristic dental aberrations. Aim. The purpose of this research was the assessment of the condition of teeth and therapeutic needs of children with the congenital brittle bone disease. Material and methods. The questionnaires with patient’s parents, consisting medical history and dental history were performed. The intra-oral examination included the condition of the dentition, the presence of dentinogenesis imperfecta, malocclusion, the assessment of the attrition index and dmft/DMFT index. Results. 62 patients with osteogenesis imperfecta were examined – 32 boys and 30 girls. There were normal eruption times of deciduous (48 patients – 77.42%) and permanent teeth (34 patients – 82.93%) reported in the majority of the patients with OI. In most cases bad eating and hygienic habits were observed. Dentinogenesis imperfecta in deciduous and permanent teeth was reported mostly in type III of OI. dmft/DMFT index among children with OI were low in comparison to the population studies of corresponding age groups. Conclusions. Despite bad eating and hygienic habits as well as pathological structure of dentition of patients with the congenital brittle bone disease, caries index among these children were low in comparison to the population studies of corresponding age groups.
Wpływ masy szkolnego plecaka transportowanego skośnie na prawym lub lewym barku i przy różnoimiennym biodrze na cechy postawy w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej i poprzecznej 7-letnich uczniów obojga płci
Authors: Mrozkowiak Mirosław
Published: August 2021

Introduction. The continuing percentage of postural statics disorders may have its roots in the method of carrying the loads of school supplies. Aim. The aim of the study was to show the effects of the load of the container with school supplies carried obliquely on the left shoulder and right hip or on the right shoulder and left hip in the sagittal and transverse planes on the posture. Material and methods. Body posture tests were carried out on a group of 65 pupils aged 7 years, using the projection moire method in four positions: 1-the habitual posture, 2 – the posture after a 10-minute asymmetric loading, 3 – the posture assumed one minute after removing the load, 4 - two minutes after taking the load off. Physical fitness was measured with the Sekita test. The analysis included the values of posture features to determine the significance of their differences and correlation with physical fitness to determine its relationship with the size of these differences. Conclusions. (1) The mode of carrying school items obliquely on the right or left shoulder and on different hips may cause significant adaptation changes in the skeletal and muscular system. It should be assumed that the bigger these changes are, the longer the carriage time is, the greater the mass of the container and the intensity of physical effort are. The changes are not gender specific. The analyzed carriage method should not be practiced among 7-year-old children of both sexes. (2) The overall fitness level shows a diversified relationship with changes in the values of postural traits as a result of the assumed carriage of school supplies. This relationship is bigger among boys. In case of girls, correlations are observed between endurance and the size of the inclination angle of the thoracic-lumbar spine. Among boys, all the features of physical fitness correlate most often with asymmetry of convexity of the lower angles of shoulder blades and the pelvic torsion in the transverse plane. The impact is gender dependent.
Ziarnica złośliwa u nastolatka – późne rozpoznanie. Opis przypadku
Authors: Deutschová Miriam
Published: August 2021

The reported case presents a 15-year-old boy diagnosed with Hodgkin’s disease (Hodgkin’s disease, HL) after about 2 months of outpatient care in primary health care (POZ). The patient was diagnosed with Hodgkin’s disease in 3rd stage, which significantly reduces the chances of complete recovery from the initial stage of diagnosis. Symptoms reported by the boy, such as cough, subfebrile states, decreased well-being, itchy rash, if present alone, are not pathognomonic for any disease, however, occurring simultaneously with characteristic abnormalities in the scope of physical examination, may help in faster diagnosis and initiation of proper treatment. This is especially important in times of pandemic, when most medical advice is provided by phone. A medical and environmental interview should be carried out with particular care and attention, and a physical examination should be made faster, so as not to overlook a disease that is dangerous and may endanger the patient’s health and life.
O QUE É O NEOJUSNATURALISMO? UM OLHAR PELA ÓPTICA DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Dezan Sandro Lucio
Published: August 2021

O presente texto investiga a interferência do direito natural no direito escrito, declinando a existência de uma normatividade valorativa preconcebida, decorrente do contexto sociocultural, expressando-se como um latente subtexto do direito. Por meio do método hipotético-dedutivo e a partir da premissa da existência e da funcionalidade de um direito contextual, conclui-se que esse fenômeno, para além de sua comum aplicabilidade jurisdicional, estende-se a toda e qualquer função jurídica, a exemplo da função público-administrativa de concreção de direitos. Sob esse vértice, o Estado encontra-se legitimado a lançar mão do emprego de valores axiomáticos, em harmonia com as regras e os princípios jurídicos, para a concreção de direitos, mormente para a realização de direitos fundamentais, permitindo-se falar, assim, em uma face da teoria neojusnaturalista a influenciar a função e os serviços públicos.
AMICUS CURIAE DEMOCRÁTICO E O PROCESSO COLETIVO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Gomes Magno Federici , Ferreira Leandro José
Published: August 2021

A pesquisa busca analisar o instituto do amicus curiae no âmbito do processo coletivo nacional e o princípio da participação popular. O problema que se pretende resolver é se o amicus curiae apresenta-se como instrumento adequado para propiciar a participação e a fiscalização popular no processo coletivo ambiental. Foram utilizados na realização desta pesquisa o método vertente jurídico-teórico e o raciocínio dedutivo, com técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica. Ao final da pesquisa, foi possível evidenciar que o amicus curiae se apresenta como instrumento parcialmente democrático, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento e o aperfeiçoamento de um novo agente democrático que, de modo mais adequado possibilite uma melhor e mais afinada participação e fiscalização popular em demandas ambientais.
SÚMULA 611 DO SUPERIOR TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA: ATIVISMO JUDICIAL E O RISCO À INVIOLABILIDADE DA INTIMIDADE, DA VIDA PRIVADA, DA HONRA E DA IMAGEM DAS PESSOAS
Authors: Messias Ewerton Ricardo , Do Carmo Valter Moura
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo objetiva analisar a influência da principiologia pós-moderna sobre os conceitos jurídicos indeterminados e o ativismo judicial, a fim de verificar a constitucionalidade da Súmula 611 do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ) no âmbito do Estado Democrático de Direito. Com esse intuito, são investigadas a principiologia jurídica pós-moderna e sua influência no surgimento do ativismo judicial; a definição de judicialização e a distinção entre ativismo judicial, livre convencimento motivado do juiz e pró-atividade judicial; e a definição e a inserção dos conceitos jurídicos indeterminados prudência e discrição na Súmula 611 do STJ como forma de afastar sua eventual inconstitucionalidade. A pesquisa justifica-se no fato de que a hermenêutica jurídica pós-moderna possui características específicas, vez que, diante dos conceitos jurídicos indeterminados, exige do operador do Direito uma postura altamente construtiva do conteúdo semântico dos enunciados prescritivos, ambiente fértil para o surgimento do ativismo judicial. Para a obtenção dos resultados almejados pela pesquisa, o método de abordagem seguido será o empírico-dialético, utilizando-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, legislativa e jurisprudencial, tendo como pano de fundo um sistema de referência pautado no giro linguístico, representado por meio do Constructivismo Lógico-Semântico de Paulo de Barros Carvalho. Em conclusão, aponta-se que a Súmula 611 do STJ, enquanto desprovida da inclusão da prudência e da discrição na realização das investigações preliminares, revela-se inconstitucional.
DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS ESTATUÍDOS NÃO DIRETAMENTE OU IMPLÍCITOS?
Authors: Pires Gavião Filho Anizio , Calil de Freitas Luiz Fernando
Published: August 2021

Trata-se da discussão em torno das normas de direitos fundamentais estatuídas não diretamente nas disposições de direitos fundamentais. Esse tema diz com a abertura material do catálogo de direitos fundamentais. Normas de direitos fundamentais não são apenas as estatuídas diretamente no texto de uma disposição jurídica de direito fundamental, mas também todas as que podem ser formuladas interpretativamente pelos tribunais a partir de uma disposição jurídica de direito fundamental dada positivamente na constituição. Trata-se da construção de normas de direitos fundamentais a partir do texto das disposições de direitos fundamentais dadas na constituição ou nos tratados internacionais.
CANADIAN LIVING TREE DOCTRINE OF CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPRETATION
Authors: Diniz Araujo Luiz henrique
Published: August 2021

This paper aims to tackle the issue of constraints to constitutional interpretation in light of the Living Tree metaphor from the Canadian Constitutional Law. It further scrutinizes this doctrine in contrast to the Originalism and the Living Constitution doctrines developed in the United States. As a conclusion, the article acknowledges that the Living Tree metaphor has the merit for proposing a reconciliation between fixidity and flexibility in interpretation of the constitution. Nevertheless, in order to convey more objectivity and constraints to interpretation, it should be associated with consideration to precedents and incrementalism.
ARGUIÇÃO DE DESCUMPRIMENTO DE PRECEITO FUNDAMENTAL NA PERSPECTIVA DO CONCEITO FUNDAMENTAL DE AÇÃO
Authors: Barros Jobim Marcelo , Da Cunha Júnior Dirley
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo analisa o conceito fundamental de ação com o objetivo de identificar o real sentido constitucional da ADPF, e em cotejo com a própria norma da Constituição, haja vista sua avaliação doutrinária quase sempre ser feita apenas com base na Lei 9.882/99, que é vista como criadora de uma espécie de controle concentrado de constitucionalidade. Identifica uma outra forma de bloqueio legislativo, além dos apontados por Rosalind Dixon na presente Revista, em sua análise sobre o “argumento central da forma fraca do controle de constitucionalidade”. O estudo sustenta que a norma constitucional da ADPF trouxe, em verdade, uma importante e inovadora garantia fundamental, de forma a enriquecer a jurisdição constitucional como instrumento de democracia participativa, mas que foi bloqueada pela sua regulamentação legal, exigindo ou uma alteração da lei ou o exercício da forma forte de controle de constitucionalidade por parte da Corte constitucional no sentido do resgate de sentido normativo.
TENSIONAMENTO ENTRE ESTADO E ECONOMIA NO CONTEXTO DO CONSTITUCIONALISMO DEMOCRÁTICO: ANÁLISE DA FUNÇÃO REGULATÓRIA E O ATUAL ESTÁGIO JURÍDICO E ECONÔMICO DO BRASIL
Authors: Rocha de Lisbôa Mateus , Buissa Freitas Leonardo , Macedo Motta Fabrício
Published: August 2021

O presente estudo abordará a atividade regulatória exercida pelo Estado, a qual ganhou destaque no Brasil a partir dos anos de 1990 com o surgimento das agências reguladoras. Dessa forma, busca-se compreender a relação entre Estado e economia no contexto do Constitucionalismo Democrático a partir de uma perspectiva da regulação. Para tanto, serão analisados seus antecedentes históricos, os fundamentos teóricos que proporcionaram seu surgimento e sua consolidação e o atual estágio político e econômico brasileiro, destacando-se a tentativa de estabelecimento de limitações à atividade regulatória. Nesse sentido, será empreendido estudo da Análise de Impacto Regulatório, instrumento lançado com intuito de racionalizar os efeitos da regulação. Através desse percurso, tornou-se possível compreender, no âmbito da atividade regulatória, o tensionamento existente entre Estado e economia no contexto do Constitucionalismo Democrático.
O ACESSO A MEDICAMENTOS E O SISTEMA INTERNACIONAL DE PROTEÇÃO À PROPRIEDADE INTELECTUAL SOB A LÓGICA DO CONTRAPODER NA SOCIEDADE EM REDE
Authors: Seefeldt Pessoa João Pedro , Santos de Oliveira Rafael
Published: August 2021

A lógica das redes permeia o estudo da sociedade e do poder, devido à interação entre atores sociais e a formação de redes de (contra)poder. O direito da propriedade intelectual não fica alheio, porquanto o acesso a medicamentos em determinados casos depende de mecanismos de afronta ao sistema de proteção dominante. Assim, a pesquisa tem por objetivo estudar o acesso a medicamentos no sistema internacional de proteção à propriedade intelectual sob a lógica do contrapoder exercido na sociedade em rede. Para tanto, utiliza-se o método de abordagem dedutivo, de forma que se aplica, como método de procedimento, o monográfico, bem como a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica. Ao fim, concluiu-se que a afronta ao sistema de proteção à propriedade intelectual e a flexibilização do Acordo TRIPS é uma garantia de países menos desenvolvidos para acesso a medicamentos, alterando-se a programação e impedindo o sucesso de redes dominantes de poder.
The logic of networks permeates the study of society and power, due to the interaction between social actors and the formation of networks of (counter)power. The intellectual property right is not alien, since access to medicines in certain cases depends on mechanisms of affront to the dominant protection system. Thus, the research aims to study the access to medicines in the international system of protection of intellectual property under the logic of counterpower exercised in the network society. To do so, the deductive approach and the monographic procedure are used, as well as bibliographic research technique is applied. Finally, it was concluded that the affront to the system of intellectual property protection and the flexibilization of the TRIPS Agreement is a guarantee of less developed countries for access to medicines, changing programming and preventing the success of dominant networks of power.
UM CONCEITO FORTE DE TERCEIRO SETOR À LUZ DA TRADIÇÃO ASSOCIATIVA
Authors: Fontana Eliane , Schmidt João Pedro
Published: August 2021

O terceiro setor – entendido como conjunto das organizações da sociedade civil, e não como conjunto de entidades sem fins lucrativos – expressa duas características humanas fundamentais: a cooperação e o altruísmo. Voltadas à solução de problemas públicos ou coletivos, as organizações sociais cumprem uma função sociopolítica de grande relevância. A compreensão dessa importância tem sido prejudicada pela prevalência, na literatura e no senso comum, de um conceito fraco de terceiro setor, erguido sobre a experiência histórica do nonprofit sector norte-americano, que põe em primeiro plano o caráter não lucrativo e filantrópico das organizações sociais. Esse conceito fraco é próprio da tradição filantrópica e filia-se à visão econômica liberal neoclássica, que atribui às organizações da sociedade civil a função residual de preencher falhas do mercado e do Estado. Afirma-se aqui a pertinência política de um conceito forte de terceiro setor, assentado na tradição associativa e que põe em primeiro plano a capacidade cooperativa e associativa presente em todas as sociedades, devendo esse segmento ser compreendido como um setor específico, próprio da comunidade (sociedade civil), distinto do setor público e do privado. O método é histórico-crítico e a técnica de pesquisa é bibliográfica.
O AVISO PRÉVIO DO DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL DE REUNIR-SE PACIFICAMENTE: NATUREZA JURÍDICA E CONSEQUÊNCIAS DO SEU DESCUMPRIMENTO
Authors: Maciel Julia Mattei de Oliveira , Peixoto Fabio Carvalho de Alvarenga
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a natureza jurídica da expressão “exigido prévio aviso à autoridade competente” relacionada ao direito fundamental de reunir-se pacificamente, contida no art. 5o, XVI, da Constituição brasileira. Há uma grande dificuldade de interpretação da exigência deste tipo de aviso prévio por duas razões principais: o mesmo dispositivo estabelece que o direito pode ser exercido “independentemente de autorização”, e Constituições de países que geralmente são objeto de análise comparada tratam do assunto de maneiras muito distintas. Esta pesquisa, utilizando o método qualitativo, analisou os entendimentos da doutrina brasileira (cujas autores consideram o aviso prévio um limite, uma restrição ou uma autorização), bem como os adotados no direito estrangeiro (Alemanha, EUA, Portugal, Itália e Espanha), identificando suas similaridades e diferenças. Isto para, ao final, identificar as características gerais da exigência de aviso prévio e as consequências por seu descumprimento no direito brasileiro. Chegou-se à conclusão de que a exigência de aviso prévio é uma restrição estabelecida diretamente pela Constituição brasileira sobre a liberdade de promoção de reuniões pacíficas, mas não sobre a liberdade de delas participar, e disto decorre que a realização de reunião sem prévio aviso, quando este é possível, é um ilícito cometido pelos promotores da reunião. Nada obstante, ainda que ilícita a reunião, a intervenção estatal somente é autorizada em casos excepcionais.
The aim of this article is to unveil the legal nature of the expression "required prior notice to the competent authority" related to the right to peaceful assembly, contained in Article 5, XVI, of Brazilian Constitution. Interpreting prior notice requirement is difficult for two main reasons: the same provision states that the right may be exercised "independently of authorization", and Constitutions of countries that are generally subject to comparative analysis deal with the matter in very different ways. This study, by a qualitative approach, analyzed Brazilian authors’ understandings (who consider the prior notice as limitation, restriction or authorization), as well as those adopted in foreign law (Germany, USA, Portugal, Italy and Spain), identifying their similarities and differences. This, in order to, as a result, outline the prior notice general features and the consequences for its non-compliance in Brazilian Law. The research has concluded that the requirement of prior notice is a restriction directly established by Brazilian Constitution on the freedom to promote peaceful assemblies, but not on the freedom to participate in them, and it follows that the holding of an assembly without prior notice, when it is possible, is an illicit caused by assembly's promoters. Nevertheless, even if the assembly is unlawful, state intervention is only authorized in exceptional cases.
ENSURING RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND EXPRESSION ON CYBER SPACE AS AGAINST STATE INTERVENTION - INDIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Annappa Nagarathna
Published: August 2021

While Internet has been extremely advantageous in connecting people and providing a platform for expression of  one’s views and opinions, on the other hand it has even at times lead to abuse of this platform by some necessitating legal regulation. Freedom of speech and expression being a fundamental right is legally enforceable even against the State and its agencies but the same can be legally restricted under certain ‘reasonable grounds’. This paper aims to analyse the existing law framework in this regard, with the object of identifying legal provisions which on one hand protects freedom of speech and expression on cyber space and on the other hand, the legal restrictions imposed for such freedom. Though the paper makes a brief assessment of the concerned legal aspect from international perspective in brief, it focuses largely on Indian law framework in this regard.
HANS KELSEN E A CORTE CONSTITUCIONAL AUSTRÍACA (1918 – 1929)
Authors: Lagi Sara
Published: August 2021

Este artigo pretende examinar a contribuição de Hans Kelsen para o estabelecimento do primeiro tribunal constitucional austríaco, analisando as principais diferenças entre o modelo de tribunal constitucional de Kelsen e o de seu mentor alemão, o jurista Georg Jellinek, enquanto se concentra no contexto histórico-político concreto da Áustria que teve um impacto na formação e mesmo no colapso do Tribunal Constitucional. Ao contrário da maioria das obras dedicadas a esse tópico, este artigo dá grande atenção à dimensão histórico-política por trás dos esforços de Kelsen para criar um sistema sério de defesa jurídica da constituição austríaca. Nesse sentido, o Tribunal Constitucional de Kelsen é analisado em referência ao problema de proteger a jovem democracia austríaca - emergida das cinzas do Império Habsburgo - contra seus numerosos oponentes. Um problema que está no cerne das obras de Kelsen sobre democracia publicadas nos anos 1920.
Bunin’s Lyrics: The Evolution of the Relationship between Objective and Subjective
Authors: Vladimirov O. N.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the cross-cutting plot of Bunin’s lyrics – about the harmonization of objective and subjective, reality and words. From an accurate “topographical survey” of the area in early poems, the poet made a way to endow nature with the deepest possible subjective content within the framework of his poetics. As the lyrical subject deepens into the life of nature, the landscape is complicated by reflection. The growing hero is also aware of the mutual alienation of nature and man. The poet comes to the idea of the need to overcome convention. This struggle with the word was expressed in the logic of changing the leading poetic genres: landscape poems (symbol), sonnets, ballads, and just poems. The desire to overcome the distance between the word and reality is also noticeable in the unassembled cycle of poems that develop the motives of the window and the book: “Night and day” (“Ночь и день”), “Cell” (“Келья”), “Melilot” (“Донник”), “Run, run sheets of the open book...” (“Бегут, бегут листы раскрытой книги...”), “Evening” (“Вечер”), “Night” (“Ночь”) (1952), etc. A special place in this series is occupied by the sonnet “Evening”. In this sonnet, though temporarily, the objectivism of perception and the conventionality of art are brought into balance, and an agreement is reached between the world and the self.

In later lyrics, the poet's attitude to creativity is twofold: the statement in its antientropic essence does not cancel out the lack of understanding of its meaning, and then – doubts and disappointments in its possibilities. To the problem of correlation of truth of life and the conventions of art writer turns in a story “Book” (“Книга”) with the same common places of the lyrical plot as in “Evening”. Here, in order to resolve the sharpened contradictions in relation to creativity, the tasks of both the content (“to speak about what is truly yours and the only present”) and the formal plan (“requiring the most legitimate expression”) are set. In an effort to overcome the distance between literature and life, to “wake up from the bookish obsession”, the poet seeks to bring words and reality closer together in the lyrics at the level of content. The verse form, which is inevitably associated with literature, resists this convergence.
Nikolai Zabolotsky and His Artists
Authors: Ustinov A. B. , Loshchilov I. E.
Published: August 2021

The essay reconstructs the history of Nikolai Zabolotsky’s relations with artists, starting with his debut book of poems “The Pillars,” published in February 1929 and throughout the 1930s. Zabolotsky can be considered an artist both in a broad (an artist as a creator) and in a professional sense: before “The Pillars,” he attended Pavel Filonov’s workshop, created some drawings, and designed his handwritten books using the technique of Filonov’s “analytical art.” He included some of these calligraphic manuscripts in his collection “Ararat” (1928). He also painted the cover putting in the center of the composition an image of a spread skin, borrowed from Vera Ermolaeva’s illustrations for his children’s book “Good Boots” (1928).

The same year Zabolotsky was asked to prepare a collection of his poems for the “Publishing House of Writers in Leningrad.” He asked another artist Lev Yudin (1903–1941), who collaborated with Kazimir Malevich in Ginkhuk, to make a cover for “The Pillars.” However, the publishing house went with a different design, and Yudin’s cover was lost. He also worked on the design of Zabolotsky’s book “The Circus,” which he envisioned as a livre d’artiste, as well as on illustrations for a never published story “The Indians” (1929).

Vera Ermolaeva (1893–1937) made her own cover for “The Pillars” a study of which is preserved in the Russian Museum. She also collaborated with Yudin on drawing a poster for the famous OBERIU performance “Three Left Hours,” held on January 24, 1928, at the Leningrad Press House. Her remarkable cover for “The Pillars” is discussed here in connection with the poems, selected by Zabolotsky for his first book.

His creative collaboration with the artists found its realization in the field of children’s literature, primarily in the famous magazines “Hedgehog” and “Siskin,” published under the editorial supervision of Samuil Marshak. The publication of Zabolotsky’s “The Tale of the Crooked Man” (1933) in “Siskin” magazine is of particular interest. The poem was illuminated by Pavel Kondratiev (1902–1985), who also attended Filonov’s workshop, and depicted the poet together with his son Nikita in one of his illustrations.
Fairy Tale “Stones of Mteulety” by A. Remizov and The Image of Mountain Spirit-Giant
Authors: Sahakyan H. A.
Published: August 2021

The fairy-tale “Stones of Mteulety” by A. Remizov is an author’s fairy tale created on the basis of a folklore plot recorded in the Caucasus in the in 1915, and was first published in 1916 in the magazine “Ogonek” (“Spark”). A. Remizov related this fairy-tale to Georgian fairy- tales.

Despite the noticeable influence of literary legends, A. Remizov retained the folkloric basis that reveals the ideas of the primitive man about the process of the soul’s transition “to that world”, to “the other world”.

The image of a crystal mountain is often found in Russian fairy tales. The mountain is inhabited by a snake, whose name “Gorinich” (means “son of the Mountain”). The entrance to the “other kingdom”, which continually opens for several minutes, is in this mountain.

In the tale “Stones of Mteulety” by A. Remizov the mountain-spirit acts as the master of the mountain. It is this mountain spirit that controls the rockfall and shuts the door between the kingdoms.

Both the motif of matchmaking and the motif of death, as the kidnapping of the soul, can be revealed in an abduction. The motifs of abduction are disclosed both in world folklore and in the religious beliefs of different peoples. In early folkloric texts, the function of abduction is assigned to representatives of the animal world, chthonic and supernatural beings, which do not have a human appearance, and still preserve the nature of the animal-glutton.

When analyzing the motif of abduction, the characters of the “hero snake-fighters” Artavazd and Amirani from Armenian and Georgian mythology, chained in the mountain caves, were also analyzed. It is established that the functions of the Snake are typical of the characters of Armenian and Georgian mythology, of vishaps and devs, in particular, whose appearance and multi-headedness also draws obvious parallels with the Snake.

The analysis of the Snake-eater and its appearance leads to the notions of the Snake-abductor and of death as abduction.

When analyzing the topic of the rockfall in the mountains in Remizov’s author fairy-tale, one reveals the features of a love abduction, which is one of the types of death in folklore and mythology. In the final scene of A. Remizov’s fairy-tale “Stones of Mteulety”, the mountain spirit-giant, who fell in love with the shepherdess Nina, kills her in order to connect with her in the world of the dead.

Thus the features of the motif of the abducted beauty are revealed in A. Remizov’s author fairy-tale “Stones of Mteulety” and this motif genetically goes back to the most ancient notions of death.
Using of geogebra software to improve understanding of vector and kinematic concepts in online physics course
Authors: Handhika Jeffry , Sasono Mislan
Published: August 2021

This research aims to improve understanding of vector and kinematics concepts with Geogebra software in online learning (online using e-Learning UNIPMA (e-LMA). The method used in this research is a descriptive conducted on four students who took fundamental physics for the 2019/2020 academic year. The research steps are described as follows 1) creating a profile and analyzing understanding of vector concepts and kinematics before implementing e-LMA, (2) describing the learning process through e-LMA, (3) creating a profile, and analyze students' understanding of vector concepts and kinematics after the implementation of e-LMA. E-LMA-assisted learning by integrating materials and assignments with GeoGebra software can improve understanding of vector and kinematic concepts