bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Принципи побудови та функціонування кіберфізичної системи технічного сервісу автотранспортної та мобільної сільськогосподарської техніки
Authors: Аулин Виктор
Published: March 2021

Результати досліджень в області організаційної поведінки та управлінь командами в кіберфізичних системах технічного сервісу показали, що найбільш ефективним є самоорганізуючі команди в груповій поведінці ресурсів.

В роботі представлено багаторівневу самоорганізацію ресурсів кіберфізичної системи технічного сервісу на основі ситуаційно-орієнтованого підходу. В основі підходу покладено концепцію, що стосується організаційної поведінки ресурсів верхнього рівня і забезпечення їх врахування при самоорганізації ресурсів нижнього рівня. Дано схематичне відображення принципів побудови і функціонування кіберфізичної системи технічного сервісу. З'ясовано, що спільний доступ до інформації про ресурси кіберфізичної системи технічного сервісу забезпечується використанням технології інтелектуальних просторів.

Реалізацію ситуаційно-орієнтованого підходу здійснено на прикладі сценарію надання послуг в сервісному обслуговуванні автотранспортної та мобільної сільськогосподарської техніки з участю фізичних пристроїв, контрольованих керуючими ресурсами, та ресурсів планування, що відповідають за генерацію спрямованості поведінки керуючих ресурсів. Концепція структурно-орієнтованого підходу зображена у вигляді рівнів самоорганізації ресурсів у відповідності до ситуацій в кіберфізичній системі технічного сервісу. Розглянуто самоорганізацію на всіх рівнях генерації ситуацій поведінки груп ресурсів, а також внутрішньорівневу самоорганізацію.

Зазначено, що технологія інтелектуального простору побудована на відкритій платформі Smart-M3 і представлено її структуру. Загальна структура платформи містить три групи пристроїв з інформаційними агентами, семантичним інформаційним брокером і фізичним сховищем інформації. Сама платформа ґрунтується на концепції семантичний Веб. Показано, що обмін інформацією між учасниками просторів здійснюється на основі стандарту Hyper Text Transfer Protocol з використанням ідентифікатора ресурсів. Дія стандарту базується на клієнт-серверній технології.
Застосування композиційних електролітичних покриттів для підвищення зносостійкості робочих органів грунтобробних машин
Authors: Стечишин Мирослав
Published: March 2021

У статті приведені результати досліджень впливу композиційних електролітичних покриттів (КЕП) на перспективи підвищення абразивної зносостійкості робочих органів грунтообробних машин: лап культиваторів, дискових борін, лемешів.У даній роботі досліджено вплив розмірів частинок наповнювача SiC (карбіду кремнію) та їх об’ємного вмісту в нікелевій матриці на трибологічні характеристики КЕП, нанесених на зразки із сталі 45.Формування КЕП з Ni-SiCнано і Ni-SiC5, а також з включеннями аморфного бору проводили на вертикальному катоді з неперервним розмішуванням суспензії на розробленій нами установці. Формування КЕП з частинками SiC28, SiC50, SiC100 із додаванням порошків аморфного бору здійснювали на горизонтальному катоді. Зміна вмісту частинок в матриці регулювалася зміною відношення  і (час перемішування/час седиментації) та зміною концентрації  частинок SiC і В в електроліті.Найвищу зносостійкість серед наведених покриттів мають КЕП з включеннями фракцій 28/20 та 50/40 мкм, які мають найменший знос при всіх навантаженнях. Вміст наповнювача в таких покриттях складає, відповідно, 24 та 28 об.%. При цьому дещо менший знос мають покриття з включеннями фракції 28/20 мкм. Ваговий знос таких зразків є на порядок менший ніж для покриттів з меншими та крупнішими частинками. У порівнянні з гальванічним нікелем такі покриття мають зменшення зносу у 12, 9 та 5 разів при навантаженнях 20, 40, 60 Н, відповідно. Аналіз результатів випробувань показав, що на коефіцієнт тертя суттєво впливають навантаження при терті та розмір частинок наповнювача SiC і чітко прослідковується така закономірність, що зі збільшенням навантаження на зразок коефіцієнт тертя зменшується. Щодо впливу розміру частинок наповнювача КЕП на коефіцієнт тертя f, можна відзначити, що коефіцієнт тертя зменшується з ростом розмірів частинок і для діапазону розмірів частинок наповнювача 40…60 мкм коефіцієнт тертя є мінімальним. Для покриттів з більшими частинками наповнювача (фракція 100/80) коефіцієнт тертя є більшим.Отже, трибологічні дослідження показують перспективність і ефективність застосування КЕП для підвищення зносостійкості робочих органів ґрунтообробних машин.
Визначення показників рівня технічної експлуатації та їх вплив на надійність техніки
Authors: Блезнюк Олег
Published: March 2021

В роботі розкрито проблематику вибору факторів та оцінки їх впливу на показники технічної експлуатації і, насамперед, на експлуатаційну надійність техніки. Ефективність управління процесом формування експлуатаційної надійності потребує залучення конструкторів, вчених, працівників сфери експлуатації та ремонту техніки, при цьому, основними ознаками даного процесу є динамічність і адаптивність. В роботі наведено, що можна виділити декілька основних факторів, які найістотніше впливають на експлуатаційну надійність техніки. До таких факторів, зокрема відносяться якість обкатки трактора, організація і якість технічного обслуговування, якість поточного ремонту, умови зберігання та якість паливно-мастильних матеріалів, кваліфікація механізаторів, рівень технічного забезпечення господарств, рівень організації використання тракторів. Кожен з основних факторів, у свою чергу, характеризується визначальними факторами. Наприклад, організація і якість технічного обслуговування залежать від повноти виконуваних операцій, наявності устаткування і інструменту, періодичності і місця виконання технічного обслуговування, складу виконавців. Величина кожного визначального фактора кількісно оцінюється за допомогою умовних чисельних значень, що відображають фізичну суть цього фактора. При цьому слід приймати до уваги вагу впливу визначальних факторів на рівень технічної експлуатації. Вирішення цих завдань математичними методами утруднено, оскільки надзвичайна різноманітність значного числа факторів і їх поєднань робить практично неможливим збір необхідної інформації і проведення відповідних складних розрахунків. Раціональнішим способом визначення кількісних значень факторів є використання функції бажаності Харрінгтона. В основі її побудови покладена ідея перетворення натуральних значень окремих факторів в безрозмірну шкалу бажаності або переваги. Побудувавши модель оцінки впливу факторів на рівень технічної експлуатації тракторів на підставі регресійного аналізу, встановили, що діапазон оптимальних значень факторів становить: організація і якість ремонту – 0,800...0,855; кваліфікація механізатора – 0,808...0,897; якість зберігання техніки – 0,705...0,882; характеристика парку тракторів – 0,735...0,872. Таким чином, підвищення рівня технічної експлуатації здійснюється доведенням рівнів факторів до приведених значень. Встановлення послідовності підвищення рівнів факторів досягається їх ранжуванням за значущістю впливу на надійність техніки.
Оцінка працездатності автомобільних транспортних систем на основі математичних методів
Authors: Аулин Виктор
Published: March 2021

Логіко-ймовірнісні методи булевої алгебри дають можливість здійснити не лише кількісну оцінку надійності складних транспортних систем, але і визначити роль окремих елементів структурної схеми надійності та їх комбінацій у забезпеченні надійності автомобільних транспортних систем.

У випадку відсутності інформації про надійність елементів їх вплив на надійність усієї системи оцінюють за допомогою поняття ваги елементів в структурній схемі надійності транспортної системи. Вага елемента характеризує відносну кількість таких критичних працездатних станів транспортних систем, в яких відмова елемента приводить до відмови системи і навпаки, відновлення елемента приводить до відновлення працездатності транспортної системи серед усіх її станів.

Показано як елементи булевої алгебри можна використати при оцінці надійності ланцюгів елементів транспортних систем в цілому та як за допомогою понять булевої алгебри логічні функції можна привести до ортогональної диз’юнктивної нормальної форми. Дано еквівалентну форму логічної функції через елементарні кон’юнкції різноманітних рангів. Наведено можливість використання перетворення логічної функції в розрахунку ймовірностей безвідмовної роботи транспортної системи. Логічні функції подаються через елементарні кон’юнкції, а також у матричній формі. Перетворення логічної функції розглянуті на прикладі транспортної системи, що складається з восьми елементів. Отримано формулу для розрахунку ймовірності безвідмовної роботи такої транспортної системи.

З’ясовані такі поняття як значущість, оцінка ваги та внеску конкретних елементів структурної схеми надійності в надійність автомобільної транспортної системи або її ланцюгу. Отримані загальні формули ймовірності безвідмовної роботи (n-елементів) для транспортної системи і розглянуто їх реалізацію на прикладі структурної схеми з п’яти елементів. Розглянуто зміст ймовірності монотонної логістичної функції та її похідної. Отримані формули для розрахунку зазначених характеристик для елементу системи. Виділено п’ять важливих наслідків їх співвідношень з урахуванням працездатного і непрацездатного елемента в структурній схемі надійності транспортних систем.

Ключові слова: оцінка, працездатність, надійність, автомобільна транспортна система, елементи, структурна схема, математичні методи.
Torrefaction Temperature and Holding Time Effect on Khaya Senegalensis Biomass
Authors: Abdul Rahman Adli Azimi , Ismail Ras Izzati , Shaari Abdul Razak
Published: March 2021

Khaya senegalensis is fast growing plant, can be planted in marginal land and grow easily in Malaysia. Therefore, it has the potential to be developed as dedicated energy crops. This study was conducted to determine the effect of torrefaction in upgrading the quality of Khaya senegalensis biomass. Torrefaction has been known as one of the most promising pre-treatments for biomass. In this experiment, the biomass sample was torrefied in the muffle furnace at four different temperatures (225, 250, 275 and 300°C) and three durations (30, 60 and 90 minutes). The results show that both torrefaction temperature and duration posed strong impact on the biomass quality. It was found that the volatile matters of the biomass reduce significantly as the torrefaction severity increase. On the other hand, the ash and carbon content increase with the increasing temperature and duration. Most importantly the calorific value of the biomass sample amplifies to 22.26Mj/kg from 16.11Mj/kg of untreated sample when torrefied at 300°C for 90 minutes.
Modeling on the Effect of Heat Exchanger Submersion on Controlling Spontaneous Combustion in A Coal Pile
Authors: At Thabari Jeri , Supit Syailendra , Nirbito Wahyu , Muharam Yuswan , Nugroho Yulianto Sulistyo
Published: March 2021

Spontaneous combustion of coal has been well-known as a problem faced by coal industries, especially in storing and trans-shipping processes. The negative impacts of this phenomenon have led to several hazardous incidents and degrading product quality. Several methods have been researched to minimize the impacts; one of the proposed ways is immersing heat exchangers inside the coal stockpile. An experiment was conducted to analyze the cooling effect of an immersed simple heat exchanger made of a copper coil. By varying the number of windings, the experiment showed a significant decrease in pile temperature due to the immersed heat exchanger. This work continues exploring the possibility of applying the method by observing and analyzing the simulation model. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to model the physics phenomena that occur within the coal reactor. The effect of the heat exchanger surface area was studied from the model to observe the heat propagation within the coal reactor. The vast reach of heat propagation from the heat exchanger through the coal pile on the simulation was promisingly showing that this method was useful to limit the occurrence of spontaneous fire in coal piles.
Magyarország az újabb tömeges nemzetközi migráció kapujában
Authors: Éberhardt Gábor
Published: March 2021

In my study, I present the risk factors that threaten humanity by examining some of the elements affecting the short-term projection of international migration. I examine by data and source literature analysis whether the specific and the ad hoc management of the COVID-19 global epidemic at national level can generate a massive international irregular migration and cause a repeated epidemic threat to the society of transit and host countries. The possibility of a link between international migration and public health epidemic has already been demonstrated by history and medicine, and the situations developed have been addressed in a meaningful way by the countries and organisations concerned. At the same time, in the present social context, also exceptional/arguably measures are taken to the special situation. Such a problematic human disease prevention method could be the release of detainees, which may appear as a new type of irregular release factor.
Magánbiztonsági tevékenységek végzésének engedélyezése az Egyesült Királyságban, valamint a magyar magánbiztonsági szakirányítás működésének vázlata
Authors: Rottler Violetta
Published: March 2021

It can be stated that the legal regulation and the authorisation procedure related to private security activities are stricter in Hungary than in the United Kingdom, because the legislative authority implemented more controlling elements in Hungary. However, it is planned to enforce stricter regulation in relation to the authorisation procedure in the United Kingdom as well. At present, it is only obligatory for natural persons to obtain a license, and the registration of the enterprises is voluntary, but companies possessing an approved status on the listbear a professional service standard and fulfil the requirements of British professional standards. Therefore, it is a kind of a quality guarantee for the clients’ request side. After studying the professional coordination of the National Police Headquarters in Hungary, the system, the operation and the difficulties of the authorisation procedure, my aim was to compare them to the practices in the United Kingdom and collect the good practices from the aspects of crime prevention, efficiency and relief. These good practices ought to be considered, worked out and implemented in the Hungarian private security sector as well.
Solar Energetic Electrons Entering the Earth’s Cusp/Lobe
Authors: Wang Linghua , Zong Qiugang , Shi Quanqi , Wimmer-Schweingruber Robert F. , Bale Stuart D.
Published: March 2021

We present a comprehensive study of three solar energetic electron events observed in the Earth’s cusp/lobe regions by the BeiDa Image Electron Spectrometer (BD-IES) on board a BeiDou satellite in an inclined (55°) geosynchronous orbit in 2015 October, 2015 November, and 2016 January, respectively. In all three events at energies above 50 keV, the electron omnidirectional differential fluxes from BD-IES show a strong (∼0.7–0.9) correlation with the simultaneous electron fluxes from the Wind 3DP instrument in the interplanetary medium, but generally with a smaller intensity. Compared to the Wind 3DP spectra of electron flux versus energy, the BD-IES electron spectra also fit well to a power-law function,

, but the power-law spectral index appears to be mostly smaller than the 3DP spectral index, for all three events. These measurements provide the first observational evidence that solar/interplanetary energetic electrons can directly and continuously enter the planet’s cusp/lobe regions and get trapped there, probably leading to a contribution to the energetic electrons and/or seed particles for acceleration in the planetary magnetosphere.
FAUST. II. Discovery of a Secondary Outflow in IRAS 15398−3359: Variability in Outflow Direction during the Earliest Stage of Star Formation?
Authors: Okoda Yuki , Oya Yoko , Francis Logan , Johnstone Doug , Inutsuka Shu-ichiro , Ceccarelli Cecilia , Codella Claudio , Chandler Claire , Sakai Nami , Aikawa Yuri , Alves Felipe O. , Balucani Nadia , Bianchi Eleonora , Bouvier Mathilde , Caselli Paola , Caux Emmanuel , Charnley Steven , Choudhury Spandan , De Simone Marta , Dulieu Francois , Durán Aurora , Evans Lucy , Favre Cécile , Fedele Davide , Feng Siyi , Fontani Francesco , Hama Tetsuya , Hanawa Tomoyuki , Herbst Eric , Hirota Tomoya , Imai Muneaki , Isella Andrea , Jímenez-Serra Izaskun , Kahane Claudine , Lefloch Bertrand , Loinard Laurent , López-Sepulcre Ana , Maud Luke T. , Maureira María José , Menard Francois , Mercimek Seyma , Miotello Anna , Moellenbrock George , Mori Shoji , Murillo Nadia M. , Nakatani Riouhei , Nomura Hideko , Oba Yasuhiro , O’Donoghue Ross , Ohashi Satoshi , Ospina-Zamudio Juan , Pineda Jaime E. , Podio Linda , Rimola Albert , Sakai Takeshi , Segura-Cox Dominique , Shirley Yancy , Svoboda Brian , Taquet Vianney , Testi Leonardo , Vastel Charlotte , Viti Serena , Watanabe Naoki , Watanabe Yoshimasa , Witzel Arezu , Xue Ci , Zhang Yichen , Zhao Bo , Yamamoto Satoshi
Published: March 2021

We have observed the very low-mass Class 0 protostar IRAS 15398−3359 at scales ranging from 50 to 1800 au, as part of the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array Large Program FAUST. We uncover a linear feature, visible in H2CO, SO, and C18O line emission, which extends from the source in a direction almost perpendicular to the known active outflow. Molecular line emission from H2CO, SO, SiO, and CH3OH further reveals an arc-like structure connected to the outer end of the linear feature and separated from the protostar, IRAS 15398−3359, by 1200 au. The arc-like structure is blueshifted with respect to the systemic velocity. A velocity gradient of 1.2 km s−1 over 1200 au along the linear feature seen in the H2CO emission connects the protostar and the arc-like structure kinematically. SO, SiO, and CH3OH are known to trace shocks, and we interpret the arc-like structure as a relic shock region produced by an outflow previously launched by IRAS 15398−3359. The velocity gradient along the linear structure can be explained as relic outflow motion. The origins of the newly observed arc-like structure and extended linear feature are discussed in relation to turbulent motions within the protostellar core and episodic accretion events during the earliest stage of protostellar evolution.
Thermophysical Characterization of Cyclic Frost Formation in the Subsurface and Nominal Water Activity on Comets: Case Study of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Authors: Hu Xuanyu , Shi Xian
Published: March 2021

We use a generic thermophysical model to study in detail the formation of water-ice frost in the near-surface layers of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. We show that nightly frost formation is a common phenomenon. In particular, while abrupt landscapes may be conducive to frost formation, they are not a requisite condition. We show that the process of subsurface frost formation is similar to that of the condensed ice layer, or crust, underneath. The sublimation of frost produces regular, enhanced outgassing early in the morning. In the case of 67P, this activity is subordinate to and precedes the daily peak sourced from the ice-rich layers located above the diurnal skin depth. In any case, frost activity should be a nominal component of comet water activity.
A Review of Possible Advective Disk Structures around a Black Hole with Two Types of Gas Inflows
Authors: Kumar Rajiv , Yuan Ye-Fei
Published: March 2021

We studied general advective accretion solutions around a Kerr black hole (BH) by investigating two types of inflow gases at the outer accretion boundary (AB). We classified these two types of gases as cold-mode and hot-mode inflow gas at the outer AB on the basis of their temperatures and solutions. We found that the hot-mode gas is more efficient for angular momentum transport around the outer AB than the cold-mode gas. The hot-mode gas can give multiple global (popular as a shock solution) or single sonic point solutions, and the cold-mode gas can give a smooth global solution (popularly known as advection-dominated accretion flow) or two sonic point solutions. These solutions are also presented on a plane in energy and angular momentum (B
ob−L
0) parameter space. For the first time, we explored theoretically the relation between the nature of accretion solutions and the nature of the initial accreting gas at the AB with a detailed computational and possible physical analysis. We also found that the surface density of the flow is highly affected by changes in the temperature at the AB, which can alter the radiative emissivities of the flow. The flow variables of various advective solutions are also compared. On the basis of those results, we plotted some inner disk structures around the BHs. By doing so, we conjecture on the persistent/transient nature of spectral states, soft excess, and timescales of variabilities around the BH X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei.
Outflows, Shocks, and Coronal Line Emission in a Radio-selected AGN in a Dwarf Galaxy
Authors: Molina Mallory , Reines Amy E. , Greene Jenny E. , Darling Jeremy , Condon James J.
Published: March 2021

Massive black holes (BHs) in dwarf galaxies can provide strong constraints on BH seeds; however, reliably detecting them is notoriously difficult. High-resolution radio observations were recently used to identify accreting massive BHs in nearby dwarf galaxies, with a significant fraction found to be non-nuclear. Here we present the first results of our optical follow-up of these radio-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in dwarf galaxies using integral field unit (IFU) data from Gemini-North. We focus on the dwarf galaxy J1220+3020, which shows no clear optical AGN signatures in its nuclear Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectrum covering the radio source. With our new IFU data, we confirm the presence of an active BH via the AGN coronal line [Fe x] and enhanced [O i] emission coincident with the radio source. Furthermore, we detect broad Hα emission and estimate a BH mass of M
BH = 104.9
M
⊙. We compare the narrow emission line ratios to standard BPT diagnostics and shock models. Spatially resolved BPT diagrams show some AGN signatures, particularly in [O i]/Hα, but overall do not unambiguously identify the AGN. A comparison of our data to shock models clearly indicates shocked emission surrounding the AGN. The physical model most consistent with the data is an active BH with a radiatively inefficient accretion flow that both photoionizes and shock-excites the surrounding gas. We conclude that feedback is important in radio-selected BHs in dwarf galaxies and that radio surveys may probe a population of low accretion rate BHs in dwarf galaxies that cannot be detected through optical surveys alone.
Crystallization Effect of Television Broadcasts on Nigerian Voters During a Presidential Election
Authors: Aririguzoh Stella Amara
Published: March 2021

Television is popularly used to offer information to viewers during elections. There will always be citizens who register to participate in an election and then refuse to take further steps, like casting their votes. This study sought to find out if television broadcasts made citizens like these experience the crystallization effect. This effect causes uninterested citizens to make crystal clear choices on particular contestants. This study sought to find out about the crystallization effect on voters in Ado Odo/Ota communities in Ogun State of Nigeria during the 2007 Nigerian presidential election. The survey method was used to get required data from 782 respondents who were not members of any political party, had no candidate preference, and were yet to decide on who to vote for in this election. It seems plain from this study that television broadcasts sharpened these citizens' decisions to make specific choices. These undecided, indifferent, or neutral voters had their ideas crystallized or decisively formed to vote for specific candidates after exposure to television broadcasts.
The Causes Behind the Cause
Authors: Fannana Adiba
Published: March 2021

Transgenders in Bangladesh are the most vulnerable group of people. This group of people are socially excluded and considered as deviant since British colonialism. The purpose of this study is to understand why they are considered as deviant as well as the reason of their deviant behavior and what are the acts done by them. Due to the importance of a few statements, in this chapter, “transgender” and “Hijra” are used and defined well. The difference between these two terms is clarified at the end of the chapter's literature review.
Prisoner Re-Entry and Desistance
Authors: Nuño Luis F.
Published: March 2021

Prisoner reentry is a concept that examines the reality faced by formerly incarcerated men and women upon their release from a correction facility. A primary concern from the perspective of institutions within the criminal justice system is whether formerly incarcerated men or women return to prison. Re-incarceration is a signal that the institution has failed at rehabilitating the former convict, as well as signal of personal failure on the part of the ex-con. Prisoner reentry is much more complex than the idea of reincarceration after release from prison lets on. There is an abundance of research on the reentry experience. This chapter reviews some important findings relevant to our understanding of the prisoner reentry experience.
Mob Justice in Contemporary Ghana
Authors: Tei Daniel
Published: March 2021

Mob justice/instant justice/vigilantism in Ghana serves as an indictment on the 1992 Constitution of Ghana, creates a heightened sense of fear among citizens that they could become victims, and also undermines the legitimacy of the police and legal authorities. Several studies have shown that communities use mob justice as a tool to respond to crimes and an ineffective criminal justice system. The current study aims to describe the mob justice situation in Ghana through the lens of the procedural justice theory. Specifically, the study asks the following research question: How does the media in Ghana describe mob justice? Drawing data from two Ghanaian newspapers—the Daily Graphic and The Ghanaian Times—the study relies on the content analysis method to explore how media in Ghana describe mob justice. The study reveals that lynch mobs are more likely to subject males, especially between the ages of 20-29, to lethal punishment than their female counterparts. Men's overrepresentation and women's underrepresentation as victims are theorized to be based on gender stereotypes. Finally, the study does not find support for the procedural justice theory. Thus, the study finds that police effectiveness is not sufficient enough to elicit police legitimacy that will enhance widespread public compliance. The study recommends that the Ghana Police should embark on policing styles that respect the rights and dignity of citizens, in addition to being effective, to remedy the mob justice problem. Further research is needed to combine official homicide data from the Ghana Police and other sources of homicide to highlight the phenomenon in Ghana, given the data source of the current study.
Home Alone
Authors: Delany Paul
Published: March 2021

Some might think that the COVID-19 pandemic changes little, because novelists have always worked from home and found isolation to be necessary for their creative process. But in fact, there is a spectrum in sites of production. Even in a novelist's solitary study, her task is to construct a narrative out of her past social experience. The pandemic has caused a drastic reduction in such face-to-face activities. Changes in the consumption of fiction during the pandemic can be tracked on Amazon and include a shift from print to Kindle, and also shifts in genres. The biggest gain in share on Kindle has been in children's books. Post-publication activities have become steadily more important, as promotion of a book is now integral to its production. The rise of self-publishing on Kindle Direct Publishing bypasses traditional gatekeepers. With KDP almost everyone now can have their own press, and the centres of gravity of publishing have moved from London and New York to Seattle. Post-apocalyptic fiction envisions life in the wake of natural disasters.
White-Collar Career Advancement When Working From Home
Authors: Kumar Navya , Alok Swati
Published: March 2021

Across the world, COVID-19 has driven millions of white-collar employees to work from home (WFH). Anticipated business benefits of WFH will likely compel employers to extend the work practice for several employees post-pandemic. WFH, by affecting job task execution, as well as opportunities to enhance and demonstrate capabilities, will hold implications for employee career advancement. In this context, a new model for career advancement is proposed, the competence career advancement model, comprising three cyclical stages (achieving, improving, and proving competence) based on the self-determination theory's psychological need for competence. The chapter covers job demands and resources that influence each stage of career advancement, as well as how these demands and resources are themselves affected under WFH conditions. Also discussed are the consequences of satisfaction/frustration through the stages of career advancement for worker well-being and work attitudes/outcomes. Human resource and technology practices to enable employee career advancement under WFH are suggested as well.
Scrum as an Agile Method for Strategic Organizational Learning in Digital Enterprise Transformation
Authors: Wohllebe Atilla
Published: March 2021

In the context of managing digital enterprise transformation, the generation and distribution of knowledge across the entire organization is of great importance. Because existing processes are being questioned and activities are changing, the promotion of organizational learning should be part of the digital transformation strategy. This chapter uses the example of Scrum to show how organizational learning can be supported by agile working methods. After an introduction to organizational learning and to Scrum as a process of continuous improvement, the four elements of organizational learning are used and compared to the characteristic elements of Scrum. In addition, the author points out existing research gaps, especially in quantitative research, and gives practical advice for managers on how to use Scrum to promote organizational learning.
E-Government and Digital Transformation
Authors: Bouaziz Fatma
Published: March 2021

This chapter aims to propose a conceptual framework for e-government risks identification through a literature review of papers specifically focusing on e-government risks. To achieve this objective, a content analysis of papers on e-government risks is made. This allows proposing a conceptual framework comprising a list of seven categories of risk factors, the negative consequences on the e-government project, and their impacts on its stakeholders. This conceptual framework can be useful for both researchers and practitioners. It offers a first step to enhance awareness of the various risk factors, their negative consequences on the project deployment, as well as their impacts on e-government stakeholders. Project managers can use it as a diagnostic tool of the risks of e-government projects, which will help better assessment and management of risks. For future research, it may be appropriate to investigate e-government risk factors using empirical research and draw conclusions about risk factors categories of e-government projects and their failure risk.
Management and Strategies for Customers Adoption of Mobile Banking Services
Authors: Elgahwash Fouad Omran
Published: March 2021

Mobile services applications in digital transformation era have become increasingly important and providing business and customers with a diversity of services, quality, and values with no cost and to help banks' practitioners identify and improve their services. This chapter aims to explore and understand management and strategies of digital business transformation in banks' change through the use of digital technologies and business models to improve applications, practice, performance, and customer values. The digitization of bank services is aimed at reducing costs, improving services, and digitalization of an enterprise is necessary to increasing effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability of its functioning through dramatic changes in the management quality, both technological processes and decision-making processes at all levels of management, based on modern methods of production and further use of information about the state and prediction of possible changes in managed elements and subsystems.
Analysis of Extraction Algorithm for Visual Navigation of Farm Robots Based on Dark Primary Colors
Authors: Wang Jin , Cui Yifei , Wang Hao , Ikbal Mohammad , Usama Mohammad
Published: March 2021

In order to quickly extract the visual navigation line of farmland robot, an extraction algorithm for dark primary agricultural machinery is proposed. The application of dark primary color principle in new farmland is made clearer by gray scale method, and the soil and crops are obviously separated, and the image processing technology of visual navigation line image of farmland is realized. In binary filtering of gray scale images, the maximum interclass variance method and morphological method are used respectively. The researchers use vertical projection method and least square method to the farmland interval extracted by navigation line. The farmland that needs the guide line image will be accurately located. It is found that the visual navigation extraction algorithm of farmland robot is widely used in the image extraction of navigation lines of various farmland roads and scenes compared with the traditional gray scale algorithm. Image processing has the advantages of clearer image processing.
Factors Influencing Consumer Intentions to Adopt E-Payment Systems
Authors: Al-Dmour Ahmed , Al-Dmour Hani H. , Brghuthi Rewan , Al-Dmour Rand H.
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to identify the main factors influencing the adoption of electronic payment system (EPS)by Jordanian consumers based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). A quantitative approach and a convenience sample of 487 Jordanian banking customers were employed to collect the required data via a survey questionnaire. The study findings indicated that all the proposed factors (perceived usefulness, ease of use, security, self-efficacy, and trust) have a statistically significant positive relationship with the electronic payment adoption intention with explanation power 49% (R Square=0.49). The perceived usefulness and ease of use were found the most important factors that highly associated with the adoption of e-payment, respectively. Furthermore, education level as an individual demographic variable was the only one who has a significant relationship with the intention of the adoption of e-payment service while age and gender were found insignificant.
The Effect of Service Quality, Customer Learning on Corporate Image, Satisfaction, Commitment, Loyality, and Customer Savings Interests and Decisions
Authors: Nasrul Nasrul
Published: March 2021

Today, the expansion of monetary objects is developing rapidly. It is very useful to study the features contained in it. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of service quality, customer learning, corporate image, satisfaction, trustworthiness, customer loyalty, customer commitment, and customer savings interests and decisions of four government banks in Southeast Sulawesi Province. The study used quantitative approach. Data were obtained through questionnaires and were quantitatively analyzed to test the research hypotheses. This study used a sample of 200 respondents from 4 banks or averagely 50 respondents per bank. The approach used in this study is structural equation modeling. The results showed that in order to provide satisfaction to customers, banks must improve education for customers in addition to improving services. In addition, customer commitment will increase if customer learning also increases, and to influence customer interest and decisions on saving, bank must promote growth by explaining the benefits of saving to the public.
Determinants of Response to Intrusive Advertisement on Mobile Applications by Undergraduate Students
Authors: Adekannbi Janet O. , Abiokuta Emmanuel
Published: March 2021

This study investigated motivating and inhibiting (perceived sacrifice, privacy concerns) factors influencing undergraduate students' perceived advertising value and response to intrusive advertisements on mobile applications. Descriptive survey approach and multistage sampling were adopted. Data was collected from 311 four hundred level undergraduate students of University of Ibadan, Nigeria using structure questionnaire. Findings revealed that utilization of contextual information and perceived sacrifice were the strongest determinants of perceived advertising value of intrusive advertisements. Perceived control and privacy concerns were the strongest determinants of both responses to purchase and avoid advertised products. Trust and perceived sacrifice had the strongest influence on response to pass along advertisement to family and friends, while utilization of contextual information significantly determined response to search for more information on the advertised product. The study discusses implications of findings for mobile advertising agencies.
Is There Racial Discrimination Within the NBA?
Authors: Xiao Lina
Published: March 2021

The paper empirically investigates the determinants of salaries and playing time for NBA players, especially aiming to re-examine the existence and trend of racial discrimination on players' wages. This study employs the technique of multiple regression model and the Oaxaca decomposition based on the most recent unbalanced panel data set consisting of 767 White players and 1,234 Black players with a total of 13,372 player-year observations from 1984 to 2019 NBA seasons. The empirical conclusions suggest that Black players seem to receive a higher salary and more playing time than that of their White counterparts, ceteris paribus, indicating the existence of racial discrimination within NBA. Additionally, in contrast with findings of previous literature, racial wage bias persists even becomes more severe over time according to the regression analysis. Furthermore, Oaxaca technique shows that NBA player characteristics such as education, height, positions, and so on indeed play roles in determining players' wages, but these premarket factors only account for a small percentage of salary gaps between Black and White players while the majority part of their salary differences is explained for racial discrimination.
Early Detection of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Using Logistic Regression and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Srividya B. V.  , Sasi Smitha
Published: March 2021

Gastro disorders occur due to non-systematic lifestyle. With frequent health checks and diagnosis, these disorders can be detected. This paper proposes implementation of the machine learning techniques to predict the gastroesophageal reflux disorder in a patient. The logistic regression and SVM (support vector machine) classifier are the techniques adapted based on the source of symptoms for carrying out prediction. The algorithms work with the assistance of linear representation in the form of a binary tree. Every central node of the tree is represented by an attribute, and every branch node is related to one class label in the algorithm. The support vector machine algorithm assists in the classification of the dataset on the basis of kernel and also grouping of the dataset by means of hyper plane. These artificial neural networks concepts are found to have a greater accuracy. The motive of this paper is to predict the occurrences of the gastroesophageal reflux disorders in individuals. As a value-added feature, the information is encrypted using ECC and authenticated using SHA256.
Risk Optimisation Analytics
Authors: Kumar Puneet , Paul Amalanathan , Kumar M. Anil
Published: March 2021

Risk optimization using business analytics is gaining momentum in India over the last decade. In order to tap this huge opportunity, most of the startups are getting into the analytics field engaging in financial market survey to provide their customers with valid data. The objective of this study is to help “Sai Builders” in solving their portfolio investment problem as well as sinking funds problem using linear programming and to obtain the total optimum returns by satisfying all constraints. The authors solve the problem of minimizing portfolio risk measures. In addition, the expected return of the portfolio is maximized subject to the aforementioned risk measures. By using numerical experiments, they illustrate the impact of these risk measures on portfolio optimization. The analysis is done by using Excel Solver, and the optimum solution is achieved.
Challenges to access health faced by rural population and their perception regarding healthcare
Authors: Gomes Maria Maiely Bezerra , Santos Silvana Cavalcanti dos , Santos Jefferson Nunes dos , Carvalho Valdirene Pereira da Silva , Sá Ana Karine Laranjeira de , Gonçalves Cláudia Fabiane Gomes , Barbosa Valquíria Farias Bezerra , Galindo Neto Nelson Miguel
Published: March 2021

The Brazilian nation has rich population diversity, and this makes it responsible for guaranteeing the social rights of all. In this perspective, this research seeks to categorize which are the main challenges in access to health that the rural populations face and to understand how the execution of this health care is carried out by professionals from the perspective of rural people. This is a cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach, carried out at the Nossa Senhora Aparecida Settlement, located in the municipality of Pesqueira (Pernambuco state) in 2018. The results demonstrate that the challenges faced by settled families are due to the difficulty of access to health services. In view of this, the rural population chooses to keep their cultural practices focused on their health alive. Therefore, it is common to use herbal medicines and mystics related to religious beliefs in self-care practices. It was concluded that the current public policies have gaps in their implementation, especially in terms of accessibility, security, health education, equity and respect for cultural differences. In addition, there is precariousness at the national level of studies focused on the health determinants and determinants of the rural population, which makes it necessary that more research be carried out so that new public policies can emerge.
Perceived self-esteem, resilience and stress of students entering a nursing degree
Authors: Mendes Priscila Rodrigues , Araújo Alana Taha de , Bastos Paloma Bianca Veras , Neuhauss Erli , Monteiro Luciana Zaranza , Rauber Suliane Beatriz
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to evaluate perceived self-esteem, resilience and stress of students entering a nursing degree. Cross-sectional study with 122 students (104 women and 18 men) of the first semester of a private institution in Distrito Federal. Evaluations were performed in March 2019. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Resilience in Higher Education and Perceived Stress, as well as a socio-economic questionnaire were used. All procedures were carried out using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and GraphPad Prism 6. The comparison of perceived stress between groups demonstrated that less stressed individuals were younger (19.1 ± 1.9 years old vs 22.5 ± 7.4; p = 0.030) and presented higher resilience scores (147.0 ± 16.3 vs 125.0 ± 22.5; p < 0.001). The comparison of self-esteem tertiles showed that individuals with better self-esteem were more resilient (146.0 ± 17.65 vs 133.85 ± 24.84; p = 0.037). Spearman's correlation demonstrated a negative relation between resilience score and perceived stress (r = -0.415 p = < 0.001). Students had already entered university presenting psychical deficits, such as increased stress and low self-esteem and resilience.
Regression models for binary response applied to data on neonatal deaths in newborns
Authors: Rossi Robson Marcelo , Antunes Marcos Benatti , Pelloso Sandra Marisa
Published: March 2021

The present study presents binary data modeling regarding 1.6% of neonatal deaths in 3,448 newborns from an epidemiological and observational study with a cross-sectional design, involving the retrospective analysis of 4,293 medical records of high-risk pregnant women followed in a gestational outpatient clinic from September 2012 to September 2017. Different symmetric and asymmetric link functions were considered by means of Bayesian inference. The support of more accurate inferences regarding the parameters of the model will provide biological interpretations that are more reliable and consistent with the reality. The model that presented, significantly, the lowest value for the deviance information criterion (DIC = 398.8), was the binomial with power logit (PL) link function, whose median posterior value estimated and significant for the parameter asymmetry was l = 0.25 (0.14;1.17). This significance is observed in all other models of the power family, however with very different values ​​and significantly higher DIC values, indicating less parsimonious models. The Bayesian methodology proved to be flexible. Additionally, the results show that such model shows an accuracy = 97.4% and area under the ROC curve AUC = 89.4% in the prediction of neonatal deaths based on the weight of children at birth. Specifically, for 2.500g, a value predicted in the medical literature for low weight, the model predicts a probability of 1.43%.
Intraspecific discrimination of fish populations by fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Lima Dinorah Machado Vaz de , Santana Cristiane Ávila , Andrade Luis Humberto da Cunha , Súarez Yzel Rondon , Lima Sandro Marcio
Published: March 2021

This study used the visible fluorescence signal of scales from Astyanax lacustris fishes to differentiate ten populations of streams in Ivinhema River Basin, Upper Paraná Basin, Brazil. Scales were removed from the humeral region of each fish and the fluorescence spectroscopy was carried out with two excitation wavelengths: at 360 nm (UV-A) and 405 nm. The broad emission covers all visible regions and it is related to the organic fraction of scale, basically composed from type I collagen. By interpreting the experimental fluorescence spectra with multivariate statistical analysis, it was possible to discriminate the investigated populations. By exciting the inner face of scales at 405 nm, for instance, the obtained Wilk’s lambda was 0.143, and the ten sampled streams could be statistically differentiated with 85.2% of explanation. This fluorescence interpretation exhibits very good correlation with the diet composition, which was also investigated for the same fishes from which the scales were removed. The applied methodology was capable to analyze the scales of A. lacustris, and to provide meaningful and enlightening results for the differentiation of populations. This methodology is very important for aquatic environmental study, mainly because small fishes, non-migratory or with small migration rate, can exhibit differences among habitats, as response to genetic isolation and adjustment to local conditions.