bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bovine glutamate dehydrogenase immobilization on magnetic nanoparticles: conformational changes and catalysis
Authors: Marques Netto Caterina G. C. , da Silva Delmárcio G. , Toma Sergio H. , Andrade Leandro H. , Nakamura Marcelo , Araki Koiti , Toma Henrique E.
Published: January 2016

Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) was immobilized on different supports and systematically investigated in order to provide a better understanding of the immobilization effects on the catalysis of multimeric enzymes.
A novel high temperature retarder applied to a long cementing interval
Authors: Lu Ya , Li Ming , Guo Zihan , Guo Xiaoyang
Published: January 2016

A retarder comprised of sodium styrene sulfonate, itaconic acid and hydroxyethyl methacrylate was synthesized by aqueous free radical copolymerization, which can be applied to a long cementing interval.
Rapid self-assembly of ultrathin graphene oxide film and application to silver nanowire flexible transparent electrodes
Authors: Wu Chunhui , Jiu Jinting , Araki Teppei , Koga Hirotaka , Sekitani Tsuyoshi , Wang Hao , Suganuma Katsuaki
Published: January 2016

A self-assembled ultrathin graphene oxide film was rapidly prepared within only 3 minutes to improve silver nanowire electrode performance.
Exploring indium tin oxide capped titanium dioxide nanolace arrays for plasmonic photocatalysis
Authors: Huang Hao , Fan Xingce , Hao Qi , Du Deyang , Luo Xiaoguang , Qiu Teng
Published: January 2016

A convenient nanotechnique is used to fabricate indium tin oxide capped titanium dioxide nanolace arrays for plasmonic photocatalysis.
Identification of 2-subsituted benzothiazole derivatives as triple-functional agents with potential for AD therapy
Authors: Jiang Liu , Zhang Minkui , Tang Li , Weng Qinjie , Shen Yanhong , Hu Yongzhou , Sheng Rong
Published: January 2016

A series of 2-subsituted benzothiazole derivatives were designed and synthesized as MDTLs for potential AD therapy.
Solid phase synthesis and RNA-binding activity of an arginine-containing nucleopeptide
Authors: Roviello G. N. , Vicidomini C. , Di Gaetano S. , Capasso D. , Musumeci D. , Roviello V.
Published: January 2016

Here we report the solid phase synthesis and characterization (LC-ESIMS, CD) of a cationic nucleobase-containing α-peptide, composed of both l-arginine residues and l-lysine-based nucleoamino acids sequentially present in the structure.
Inkjet printing of silver rainbow colloids for SERS chips with polychromatic sensitivity
Authors: Yorov K. E. , Grigorieva A. V. , Sidorov A. V. , Polyakov A. Yu. , Sukhorukova I. V. , Shtansky D. V. , Grünert W. , Goodilin E. A.
Published: January 2016

Polychromatic cellulose-based active element for SERS optical sensor was successfully inkjet printed using rainbow silver colloids. SERS tests of photostable analytes revealed most bright enhanced signals for the pre-resonant measurements.
Hydrophobic chain modified low molecular weight polyethylenimine for efficient antigen delivery
Authors: Wang Hui , Chen Jian , Ying Jiajun , Xu Yuhong , Sheng Ruilong
Published: January 2016

Developing new therapeutic vaccines to promote antigen cross-presentation in antigen-presenting cells, especially dendritic cells, is regarded as a promising approach to prime antigen-specific T cell responses against tumor cells.
A novel low molecular weight supergelator showing an excellent gas adsorption, dye adsorption, self-sustaining and chemosensing properties in the gel state
Authors: Sengupta Satirtha , Mondal Raju
Published: January 2016

The article describes the role of a novel amide based supergelator in gelating a wide range of copper salts. The metallogel was highly stable to heat, stress and mineral acids showing an unprecedented colorimetric gel-to gel sensing of amine vapours.
Reductive dehalogenation of brominated disinfection byproducts by iron based bimetallic systems
Authors: Zha Xiao-song , Ma Luming , Liu Yan
Published: January 2016

Increasing the dosage and decreasing the pH values was favorable for the reductive dehalogenation of Br-DBPs. Pd/Fe had a higher potential gradient (1.4 V) than Cu/Fe (0.8 V). The toxicity of samples had a notable decline after the reaction.
Broad spectral-response organic D–A–π–A sensitizer with pyridine-diketopyrrolopyrrole unit for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Guo Fuling , Liu Xuepeng , Ding Yong , Kong Fantai , Chen Wangchao , Zhou Li , Dai Songyuan
Published: January 2016

In this work, four D–A–π–A sensitizers PDPP-I–IV based on pyridine-flanked DPP moieties (PDPP) were designed and synthesized for broadly spectral-response in dye-sensitized solar cells.
Nanospheres based on PLGA/amphiphilic cyclodextrin assemblies as potential enhancers of Methylene Blue neuroprotective effect
Authors: Cannavà C. , Stancanelli R. , Marabeti M. R. , Venuti V. , Cascio C. , Guarneri P. , Bongiorno C. , Sortino G. , Majolino D. , Mazzaglia A. , Tommasini S. , Ventura C. A.
Published: January 2016

Nanospheres of amphiphilic cyclodextrin and PLGA entrapping Methylene Blue are proposed as potential enhancers of drug neuroprotective effect on neuroblastoma cells.
Formation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles with tunable pore structure as promising nanoreactor and drug delivery vehicle
Authors: Wu Lu , Jiao Zheng , Wu Minghong , Song Tingting , Zhang Haijiao
Published: January 2016

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles with tunable pore structures have been successfully fabricated by simply tuning the ethanol amounts in the precursor.
Highly functionalized heterogeneous dendrigraft catalysts with peripheral copper moieties for the facile synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles and 2,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles
Authors: Smitha G. , Sreekumar K.
Published: January 2016

A highly functionalized heterogeneous copper loaded dendrigraft amidoamine catalyst for the synthesis of 2-substituted and 2,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles is reported.
Accessing low-oxidation state taxanes: is taxadiene-4(5)-epoxide on the taxol biosynthetic pathway?
Authors: Barton Naomi A. , Marsh Benjamin J. , Lewis William , Narraidoo Nathalie , Seymour Graham B. , Fray Rupert , Hayes Christopher J.
Published: January 2016

We report the first synthesis of taxadiene-4(5)-epoxide, which rearranges upon acid treatment to produce products of relevance to taxol biosynthesis.
Strong Brønsted acid promoted asymmetric hydrogenation of isoquinolines and quinolines catalyzed by a Rh–thiourea chiral phosphine complex via anion binding
Authors: Wen Jialin , Tan Renchang , Liu Shaodong , Zhao Qingyang , Zhang Xumu
Published: January 2016

Catalyzed by a Rh/bisphosphine–thiourea (L1) complex, isoquinolines and quinolines are hydrogenated with high conversions and high enantioselectivities.
Preparation of surface-imprinted microspheres effectively controlled by orientated template immobilization using highly cross-linked raspberry-like microspheres for the selective recognition of an immunostimulating peptide
Authors: Du Chunbao , Hu Xiaoling , Guan Ping , Gao Xumian , Song Renyuan , Li Ji , Qian Liwei , Zhang Nan , Guo Longxia
Published: January 2016

Surface-imprinted microspheres were prepared using raspberry-like microspheres for selectively recognizing IHH.
Correction: Selective construction of junctions on different facets of BiVO4 for enhancing photo-activity
Authors: Wang Peng , Zheng Jin You , Zhang Dun , Kang Young Soo
Published: January 2016

Correction for ‘Selective construction of junctions on different facets of BiVO4 for enhancing photo-activity’ by Peng Wang et al., New J. Chem., 2015, 39, 9918–9925.
Dithieno[2,3-d;2′,3′-d]benzo[2,1-b;3,4-b‘]dithiophene: a novel building-block for a planar copolymer
Authors: Keerthi Ashok , An Cunbin , Li Mengmeng , Marszalek Tomasz , Ricciardulli Antonio Gaetano , Radha Boya , Alsewailem Fares D. , Müllen Klaus , Baumgarten Martin
Published: January 2016

A planar heteroacene building block, dithieno[2,3-d;2′,3′-d′]benzo[1,2-b;3,4-b′]dithiophene (DTmBDT), is reported via a facile synthetic procedure.
Interleukin-1β induces fibroblast growth factor 2 expression and subsequently promotes endothelial progenitor cell angiogenesis in chondrocytes
Authors: Chien Szu-Yu , Huang Chun-Yin , Tsai Chun-Hao , Wang Shih-Wei , Lin Yu-Min , Tang Chih-Hsin
Published: January 2016

Arthritis is a process of chronic inflammation that results in joint damage. IL (interleukin)-1β is an inflammatory cytokine that acts as a key mediator of cartilage degradation, and is abundantly expressed in arthritis. Neovascularization is one of the pathological characteristics of arthritis. However, the role of IL-1β in the angiogenesis of chondrocytes remains unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that stimulating chondrocytes (ATDC5) with IL-1β increased the expression of FGF (fibroblast growth factor)-2, a potent angiogenic inducer, and then promoted EPC (endothelial progenitor cell) tube formation and migration. In addition, FGF-2-neutralizing antibody abolished ATDC5-conditional medium-mediated angiogenesis in vitro, as well as its angiogenic effects in the CAM (chick chorioallantoic membrane) assay and Matrigel plug nude mice model in vivo. IHC (immunohistochemistry) staining from a CIA (collagen-induced arthritis) mouse model also demonstrates that arthritis increased the expression of IL-1β and FGF-2, as well as EPC homing in articular cartilage. Moreover, IL-1β-induced FGF-2 expression via IL-1RI (type-1 IL-1 receptor), ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation, AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), p38 and NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) pathway has been demonstrated. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that IL-1β promotes FGF-2 expression in chondrocytes through the ROS/AMPK/p38/NF-κB signalling pathway and subsequently increases EPC angiogenesis. Therefore IL-1β serves as a link between inflammation and angiogenesis during arthritis.
Simplified filtering‐based adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control approach for non‐linear strict‐feedback systems
Authors: Zhai Ding , An Liwei , Li Jinghao , Zhang Qingling
Published: January 2016

In this study, the problem of filtering‐based adaptive fuzzy control is investigated for non‐linear strict‐feedback systems with unmeasured states. An input‐driven filter is designed for estimating the unmeasured states. By exploiting the bound of system output, an upper bound of filtering error is obtained and it is further optimised by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities. Then under the framework of backstepping design technique incorporated by dynamic surface control approach, and by using the obtained upper bound, a novel adaptive fuzzy dynamic output feedback control approach with one adaptive parameter is developed. It is shown that all the signals of the closed‐loop system are bounded, while the tracking error converges to a small neighbourhood of the origin. The main advantages of the proposed approach are that choice of design parameters is independent of the order of system such that closed‐loop system can achieve a better tracking performance, and compared with the existing results, the controller has a much simpler structure embodied in its form, adaptive parameter and membership functions of fuzzy logic systems. Finally, two examples are given for showing the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Reagent dosages control based on bubble size characteristics for flotation process
Authors: Xie Yongfang , cao Binfang , He Yongping , Yang Chunhua , Gui Weihua
Published: January 2016

The reagent dosages can directly affect the concentrate grade and recovery in the mineral flotation process. For many years, the dosage has mainly been controlled by human observation of froth image features, especially the bubble size. However, the reagent dosage control based on human experience can easily cause fluctuation of the performance index, which may result in wasted ore resources and chemical reagents. In this paper, a control method of reagent dosages based on bubble size characteristics is proposed. By combining the distribution features of the bubble size, the estimation method of the probability density function of the bubble size was introduced, as was the method of determining the optimal width of the kernel function based on the maximum entropy. The error of the output bubble size PDF and the optimal bubble size PDF was used as the performance indicator to transform the control of the reagent dosages into optimization of seeking the minimum performance indicator. In the process of selecting the best individual in every generation of the DE algorithm, the constraint of the reagent cost is taken into consideration. The experimental results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Fast discrimination of stable power swing with synchronous generator loss of excitation
Authors: Yaghobi Hamid
Published: January 2016

Fast and accurate discrimination between stable power swing (SPS) and synchronous generator loss of excitation (LOE) has been a great concern for power engineers. Since there is no unbalance during SPS condition, detecting this phenomenon is still a challenge. LOE detection methods are prone to interpret an SPS as a LOE event. Over the last decade, several techniques have been developed for LOE protection that most of them are based on the impedance trajectory as it enters into the protective zone. Such methods may not be able to discriminate between SPS and LOE. Therefore, assigning a time delay is usually utilised to overcome the possible maloperation of the LOE relay. However, merely providing the intentional time delay to avoid maloperation in this condition is not a perfect solution. This study presents a fast detection approach for this condition. The combined proposed method is based on the derivatives of the machine's external variables (i.e. output reactive power and terminal voltage) and the variation of the fast Fourier transform coefficient of the three‐phase active power available at the location of the relay. The main advantage of this method is its speed, security and sensitivity to distinguish between SPS and LOE.
Noise‐insensitive and edge‐preserving resolution upconversion scheme for digital image based on the spatial general autoregressive model
Authors: Fei Hao , Jinfei Shi , Ruwen Chen , Songqing Zhu , Zhisheng Zhang
Published: January 2016

This study proposes an edge‐preserving image interpolation algorithm for both clean images and polluted images. First, the structure of an image window is learnt adaptively by using a spatial general autoregressive (SGAR) model that is a uniform expression for both linear and non‐linear autoregressive (AR) models. Parameters of the SGAR model are estimated in a moving window in the input low‐resolution image by using the robust generalised M‐estimator. Next, the interpolation model is established from the learnt model and a new feedback mechanism in accordance with the residual sum of squares minimisation principle. Finally, the gradient simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve the interpolation model, which can rapidly converge to the global optimum in probability with the help of gradient information. Experiments have been performed using worldwide datasets to evaluate the performance of the authors method. The results demonstrate that their method is superior to a recent AR model‐based method and is bicubic, especially when images are polluted by noise such as Gaussian noise, Poisson noise, impulse noise, or a combination of these.
A high-fidelity approach towards simulation of pool boiling
Authors: Yazdani Miad , Radcliff Thomas , Soteriou Marios , Alahyari Abbas A.
Published: January 2016

A novel numerical approach is developed to simulate the multiscale problem of pool-boiling phase change. The particular focus is to develop a simulation technique that is capable of predicting the heat transfer and hydrodynamic characteristics of nucleate boiling and the transition to critical heat flux on surfaces of arbitrary shape and roughness distribution addressing a critical need to design enhanced boiling heat transfer surfaces. The macro-scale of the phase change and bubble dynamics is addressed through employing off-the-shelf Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods for interface tracking and interphase mass and energy transfer. The micro-scale of the microlayer, which forms at early stage of bubble nucleation near the wall, is resolved through asymptotic approximation of the thin-film theory which provides a closed-form solution for the distribution of the micro-layer and its influence on the evaporation process. In addition, the sub-grid surface roughness is represented stochastically through probabilistic density functions and its role in bubble nucleation and growth is then represented based on the thermodynamics of nucleation process. This combination of deterministic CFD, local approximation, and stochastic representation allows the simulation of pool boiling on any surface with known roughness and enhancement characteristics. The numerical model is validated for dynamics and hydrothermal characteristics of a single nucleated bubble on a flat surface against available literature data. In addition, the prediction of pool-boiling heat transfer coefficient is verified against experimental measurements as well as reputable correlations for various roughness distributions and different surface orientations. Finally, the model is employed to demonstrate pool-boiling phenomenon on enhanced structures with reentrance cavities and to explore the effect of enhancement feature design on thermal and hydrodynamic characteristics of these surfaces.
Sub- and super-luminar propagation of structures satisfying Poynting-like theorem for incompressible generalized hydrodynamic fluid model depicting strongly coupled dusty plasma medium
Authors: Dharodi Vikram , Das Amita , Patel Bhavesh , Kaw Predhiman
Published: January 2016

The strongly coupled dusty plasma has often been modelled by the Generalized Hydrodynamic (GHD) model used for representing visco-elastic fluid systems. The incompressible limit of the model which supports transverse shear wave mode is studied in detail. In particular, dipole structures are observed to emit transverse shear waves in both the limits of sub- and super-luminar propagation, where the structures move slower and faster than the phase velocity of the shear waves, respectively. In the sub-luminar limit the dipole gets engulfed within the shear waves emitted by itself, which then backreacts on it and ultimately the identity of the structure is lost. However, in the super-luminar limit the emission appears like a wake from the tail region of the dipole. The dipole, however, keeps propagating forward with little damping but minimal distortion in its form. A Poynting-like conservation law with radiative, convective, and dissipative terms being responsible for the evolution of W, which is similar to “enstrophy” like quantity in normal hydrodynamic fluid systems, has also been constructed for the incompressible GHD equations. The conservation law is shown to be satisfied in all the cases of evolution and collision amidst the nonlinear structures to a great accuracy. It is shown that monopole structures which do not move at all but merely radiate shear waves, the radiative term, and dissipative losses solely contribute to the evolution of W. The dipolar structures, on the other hand, propagate in the medium and hence convection also plays an important role in the evolution of W.
Influence of Schottky barrier on conductance of a metal-semiconductor atomic quantum point contact
Authors: Wawrzyniak Maciej , Michalak Sławomir , Tomaszewski Damian , Martinek Jan
Published: January 2016

We have studied the conductance of nanoscale junctions created at a metal-semiconductor interface by the break-junction technique. The conductance traces of the nanojunctions show steps related to the formation of successive metastable configurations of a few atoms. The plateau values in the conductance traces of nanojunctions formed between a nickel tip and a doped n-type germanium surface prove dependent on the polarity of the bias voltage applied to the nanojunction. The change in the conductance is due to the formation of a Schottky barrier within the nanojunction, as confirmed by the Schottky-diode-like nonlinear current-voltage characteristics determined for metastable configurations of atoms in the nanojunctions. Thus, we demonstrate the possibility of creating an ultra-small Schottky diode at an atomic quantum point contact.
Greenhouse−icehouse transition in the Late Ordovician marks a step change in extinction regime in the marine plankton
Authors: Crampton James S. , Cooper Roger A. , Sadler Peter M. , Foote Michael
Published: January 2016

Significance

In the graptoloids, a major group of early Paleozoic plankton, extinction selectively removed young species during times of background (low intensity) extinction. Age-independent extinction was confined to high extinction rate spikes of short duration that were related to environmental perturbations. During the extreme Late Ordovician Mass Extinction, old species were selectively removed. Graptoloids provide a sensitive indicator of marine environmental change and suggest that age selectivity of extinction in oceanic pelagic ecosystems switched rapidly and repeatedly from one mode to another and back again, a pattern that can be detected only when temporal resolution and species turnover rates are exceptionally high.
Clusters of polyhedra in spherical confinement
Authors: Teich Erin G. , van Anders Greg , Klotsa Daphne , Dshemuchadse Julia , Glotzer Sharon C.
Published: January 2016

Significance

What is the best way to pack objects into a container? This simple question, one that is relevant to everyday life, biology, and nanoscience, is easy to state but surprisingly difficult to answer. Here, we use computational methods to determine dense packings of a set of polyhedra inside a sphere, for up to 60 constituent packers. Our dense packings display a wide variety of symmetries and structures, and indicate that the presence of the spherical container suppresses packing effects due to polyhedral shape. Our results have implications for a range of biological phenomena and experimental applications, including blood clotting, cell aggregation, drug delivery, colloidal engineering, and the creation of metamaterials.
Land and language in Cape York Peninsula and the Gulf Country
Authors: Verstraete Jean-Christophe , Hafner Diane
Published: January 2016

This volume has a dual purpose. Firstly, it offers a state-of-the-art survey of linguistic, anthropological, archaeological and historical work in Cape York Peninsula, situated in the northeast of Australia, and the adjacent region of the Gulf Country, in and around the Gulf of Carpentaria. At the same time, the volume honours Bruce Rigsby, emeritus professor of anthropology at the University of Queensland, whose pioneering work in this region inspired all of the contributors to the volume. By way of introduction, we provide a brief overview of the region and its history, as well as the main lines of research in the disciplines included here (Section 1), and the role Bruce Rigsby’s work played in them (Section 2). The following sections then outline the major themes of the volume, situating the contributions in the broader context of work on Cape York Peninsula and the Gulf Country, as well as Aboriginal Australia more generally.
Connecting Thaypanic
Authors: Alpher Barry
Published: January 2016

Kuku Thaypan (Awu Alaya) is closely related to other languages of its area and in turn appears to belong in a distinct subgroup, Alaya-Athima, with languages of territories stretching down the Mitchell River almost to the Gulf of Carpentaria. All are initial-dropping languages but are not closely related to other initial-dropping languages of the area. Between Alaya-Athima languages and initial-dropping languages to their west and north there has been extensive diffusion of vocabulary, raising interesting and difficult problems for historical study. Additionally, on grounds of shared morphology, there appears to be a distant genetic connection of Thaypanic to Kuku Yalanji and other non-initial-dropping languages of the east coast of Cape York Peninsula. The evidence is mostly from noun morphology and is backed by extremely little in the way of lexical sharing.
Fission, fusion and syncretism
Authors: Memmott Paul , Round Erich , Rosendahl Daniel , Ulm Sean
Published: January 2016

A revised model of Tangkic linguistic and cultural history is developed based on a reanalysis of relationships between six Tangkic languages in the southern Gulf of Carpentaria and drawing on recent archaeological and environmental studies. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of Tangkic basic vocabulary was employed to infer the topology of the Tangkic family tree and define structural branching events. Contrary to previous models suggesting progressive colonisation and fissioning from mainland sources, the data support hypotheses that the modern configuration of Tangkic owes its form to pulses of outward movement from Mornington Island followed by subsequent linguistic divergence in both grammar and lexicon of the varieties. We also speculate that an extreme environmental event (c.800–400 BP) may have flooded low-lying coastal areas resulting in abandonment of some areas, a relatively short co-residence involving cultural and linguistic syncretism between neighbouring groups and then recolonization.
Groups, country and personhood on the upper Wenlock River, Cape York Peninsula
Authors: Smith Benjamin
Published: January 2016

This chapter presents an analysis of group and personal identities among the Kaanju of central Cape York Peninsula, drawing on unpublished material collected by the anthropologist Donald Thomson in the 1930s as well as my own more recent work. My analysis builds on Bruce Rigsby’s engagement with Thomson’s work, an important aspect of his academic and applied research; it also reconfirms the importance of Thomson’s Cape York Peninsula fieldwork for the ethnographic record. Building on the detailed genealogical material and appended field notes Thomson recorded on the upper Wenlock River in 1932, I develop an analysis of Kaanju social organization and personhood, highlighting important but underappreciated distinctions in the forms of connection between people and country apparent in this material. Attending to these distinctions allows for a better understanding of ‘classical’ Aboriginal connectedness to kin and to country, as well as providing an important baseline for analysis of the changes and continuities that have followed colonization.
Possession in Kuku-Thaypan through a comparative lens
Authors: Laughren Mary
Published: January 2016

This chapter presents a cross-linguistic study of possession constructions, examining data from Kuku Thaypan (Rigsby 1976), Waanyi and Warlpiri. It acknowledges the distinction between alienable and inalienable possession constructions in the three languages, then focusses more particularly on how kin relation expressions relate to alienable possessor-possessed constructions.The double-marking of the possessor by a referential NP and a co-referring genitive pronoun in Kuku Thaypan is compared with the double marking of the propositus in Warlpiri and Waanyi kin-referring expressions. The relative position of the propositus and possessor elements and the patterns of case-marking are investigated to reveal a distinction between anaphoric and pronominal propositus or possessor constituents.
Correlation of textual and spatial reference
Authors: Merlan Francesca
Published: January 2016

This paper considers spatial/textual overlaps in the system of the three basic demonstrative categories, roughly translatable as ‘this’, ‘that’ and ‘yonder’ in Jawoyn, a Gunwinyguan language of the upper Northern Territory. The paper especially focuses on the proximal (‘this’) demonstrative in relation to the ‘that’ demonstrative, and argues that the former should be understood as a psycho-social category that implies ‘perceptual newness’, a concentration of focus, and unrecoverability from either prior discourse or assumable identifiability. The paper thus does not treat this ‘proximal’ demonstrative category a priori as grounded in some fixed spatial-locational sense, but as including semantic dimensions that enable its functioning as an index blending and expressing spatial differentiation in relation to other aspects of information, content and identifiability, including non-deictic socio-cultural ones. As always in demonstrative systems, its contrast with other demonstrative categories also conditions its indexical potential.
Botanists, Aborigines and native plants on the Queensland frontier
Authors: Langton Marcia
Published: January 2016

By the 1920s, it was well understood by missionaries, scientists and botanists that the spread of grazing and agriculture into the interior posed the final threat to the remaining Aboriginal populations. Botanists were also aware that Aboriginal economies were collapsing with the increasing competition for the plants which formed the staples of Aboriginal diet, and that the cattle herds were in large part responsible for this economic disaster. This paper examines the work of these botanists for an ethnohistorical understanding of the demise of Aboriginal economic activities. Their records represents a rich record of the nature of the Aboriginal plant food economy and a window on the competition of the most educated colonists for the resources that would support ever-expanding herds of cattle and food for the colonists and the English market.
‘There is no truth whatever as regards any Aboriginal being flogged by the Police’
Authors: Richards Jonathan
Published: January 2016

Cattle-graziers, miners, missionaries and police brought immense changes to the lives of Aboriginal people in remote parts of North Queensland. Of these groups, police held the greatest power, often removing people to distant missions and reserves as ‘punishment’ for actions that allowed continued survival ‘on country’. In 1933, journalists wrote about removals in the Coen district, drawing the attention of senior police and public servants. When fire destroyed a police building at Coen soon afterwards all three police officers stationed there were quickly transferred. Archival files reveal the full story of this episode.
The story of Old Man Frank
Authors: Harper Helen
Published: January 2016

In this chapter I present a story that was told to me in the early 1990s by Goodie Massey, an Atambaya man who grew up at Injinoo in northern Cape York Peninsula. The story is set in the early years of the settlement at Injinoo, at a time when children began to adopt the new regional lingua franca, Torres Strait Creole, as their everyday language. As a background to the discussion of this story I explore the historical and linguistic context of the colonial era in northern Cape York Peninsula and posit some explanatory accounts of language shift in Injinoo. I argue that, while language shift can be seen as a function of hegemonic pressures, Goodie Massey’s story offers more nuanced insights into the complex linguistic and social landscape of his childhood.
The inactivation domain of STIM1 is functionally coupled with the Orai1 pore to enable Ca2+-dependent inactivation
Authors: Mullins Franklin M. , Lewis Richard S.
Published: January 2016

The inactivation domain of STIM1 (IDSTIM: amino acids 470–491) has been described as necessary for Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI) of Ca2+ release–activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels, but its mechanism of action is unknown. Here we identify acidic residues within IDSTIM that control the extent of CDI and examine functional interactions of IDSTIM with Orai1 pore residues W76 and Y80. Alanine scanning revealed three IDSTIM residues (D476/D478/D479) that are critical for generating full CDI. Disabling IDSTIM by a triple alanine substitution for these three residues (“STIM1 3A”) or by truncation of the entire domain (STIM11–469) reduced CDI to the same residual level observed for the Orai1 pore mutant W76A (approximately one third of the extent seen with full-length STIM1). Results of noise analysis showed that STIM11–469 and Orai1 W76A mutants do not reduce channel open probability or unitary Ca2+ conductance, factors that determine local Ca2+ accumulation, suggesting that they diminish CDI instead by inhibiting the CDI gating mechanism. We tested for functional coupling between IDSTIM and the Orai1 pore by double-mutant cycle analysis. The effects on CDI of mutations disabling IDSTIM or W76 were not additive, demonstrating that IDSTIM and W76 are strongly coupled and act in concert to generate full-strength CDI. Interestingly, disabling IDSTIM and W76 separately gave opposite results in Orai1 Y80A channels: channels with W76 but lacking IDSTIM generated approximately two thirds of the WT extent of CDI but those with IDSTIM but lacking W76 completely failed to inactivate. Together, our results suggest that Y80 alone is sufficient to generate residual CDI, but acts as a barrier to full CDI. Although IDSTIM is not required as a Ca2+ sensor for CDI, it acts in concert with W76 to progress beyond the residual inactivated state and enable CRAC channels to reach the full extent of inactivation.
Final report on key comparison CCAUV.U-K3.1
Authors: Haller J , Koch C , Costa-Felix R P B , Dubey P K , Durando G , KIM Y T , Yoshioka M
Published: January 2016

The CCAUV.U-K3.1 is a follow-up of the comparison CCAUV.U-K3 which was the third key comparison in the ultrasound branch organised under the auspices of the Consultative Committee for Acoustics, Ultrasound and Vibration (CCAUV) of the BIPM. It was necessary to allow participants with discrepant values and additional laboratories to have another possibility to take part in an international comparison and to test their measurement facilities. The comparison dealt with power measurement in the frequency range 2 to 10.5 MHz and a power range between 10 mW and 15 W. The parameter range covered is of particular importance for medical applications of ultrasound.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCAUV, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Crystal structure of zwitterionic 2-[bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphaniumyl]-4-methylbenzenesulfonate monohydrate dichloromethane monosolvate
Authors: Zhang Hongyang , Feng Ge , Filatov Alexander S. , Jordan Richard F.
Published: January 2016

In the title compound, C21H21O5PS·H2O·CH2Cl2, the phosphonium–sulfonate zwitterion has the acidic H atom located on the P atom rather than the sulfonate group. The S—O bond lengths [1.4453 (15)–1.4521 (14) Å] are essentially equal. In the crystal, the water molecules bridge two zwitterionsviaOwater—H...Osulfonatehydrogen bonds into a centrosymmetric dimer. The dimers are further linked by weak CAryl—H...Osulfonatehydrogen bonds into chains extending along [100]. The PH+group is not involved in intermolecular interactions.
Redesigning facility management operatives’ jobs to increase work outcomes
Authors: Ling Florence Y.Y. , Wong Danny M.G.
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to recommend strategies for designing facility management (FM) workers’ jobs so as to boost their work outcomes. FM operatives/workers form the backbone of the labour force in property maintenance. Work outcomes are determined by: internal work motivation; quality of work performance; job satisfaction; turnover; absenteeism; and stress level.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper is based on a questionnaire survey. Data were collected from FM workers via face-to-face interviews. The data were subjected to t-test and correlation analysis using SPSS software.

Findings

– It was found that FM workers have significantly high work outcomes, which are measured as internal work motivation, quality work performance and job satisfaction. They have significantly low absenteeism. FM workers whose jobs have the following characteristics – using a range of skills to execute a variety of challenging activities; freedom to carry out activities with discretion; and opportunities for doing interesting work, leadership, promotion, training and upgrading – are likely to have higher-quality work performance, internal work motivation and/or job satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications

– The sample size is relatively small. Additionally, given the diverse nature of the work that FM workers do, the job characteristics identified may not be exhaustive enough.

Practical implications

– Recommendations are made to improve the work outcomes of FM workers through job design. These include ways to increase FM workers’ sense of accomplishment and to provide them with job stability. This will help to ease the labour shortage, and address the low-productivity issues faced by employers in the FM industry.

Originality/value

– This paper contributes to knowledge by identifying the job characteristics that significantly affect the work outcomes of FM workers. Employers may use the findings to redesign their FM workers’ jobs so as to boost their work outcomes.
Process of change – competence development as a restructuring strategy
Authors: Jönsson Sandra , Schölin Tobias
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to analyze and contextualize the outcomes of competence development as a restructuring strategy in a company that was significantly affected by the economic recession in 2008.

Design/methodology/approach

– In the context of restructuring, increased globalization has expanded international competition that in turn has put additional pressure on organizational transformation, restructuring, reorganization and rationalization.

Findings

– The result indicates that the experience of learning, commitment and job satisfaction have decreased between T1 and T2 (no difference regarding self-efficacy).

Originality value

– From this study, the authors can conclude that the outcomes of competence development programs are not easily interpreted. Depending on the purpose of the intervention, the results can be interpreted in different ways. It is important to approach the issue of competence development with a wise degree of skepticism.
Partner status and mental and physical health of independently living men aged 70 years and older
Authors: Byles Julie , Vo Kha , Thomas Louise , Mackenzie Lynette , Kendig Hal
Published: January 2016

Aim

To describe and compare the mental health and physical functioning of community‐dwelling men aged 70 years and over who live alone, and those who live with their partner/spouse.

Method

Data were obtained from the baseline survey of the New South Wales 45 and Up Study. Mental health was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and physical health was measured using the Medical Outcome Short Form 36 physical functioning scale.

Results

37 690 community‐dwelling men aged 70 years or over were included in the analyses. Men living alone were more likely to have high psychological distress scores and lower physical functioning scores compared to men living with a spouse/partner within each age group, except those 85 and over.

Conclusions

Specific health and welfare programs targeted to the increasing number of older men living alone may be needed to address their higher levels of psychological distress and lower levels of physical functioning.
Online Self‐Affirmation Increases Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Groups at High Risk of Low Intake
Authors: Fielden Amy L. , Sillence Elizabeth , Little Linda , Harris Peter R.
Published: January 2016

Background

This study tested the efficacy of self‐affirmation in promoting fruit and vegetable consumption in a sample of participants comprising two groups at high risk of low consumption: young adults and mothers of school‐aged children with low social economic status (SES).

Methods

Baseline fruit and vegetable consumption was recorded for 85 participants (n = 26 mothers with low SES). Following randomisation to condition (Self‐Affirmed or Non‐Affirmed), participants viewed targeted, online, health recommendations about fruit and vegetable consumption. Fruit and vegetable intake was reported online every day for the following seven days.

Results

Self‐affirmed participants reported consuming significantly more portions of fruit and vegetables (SA M = 3.96, NA M = 2.81). Analyses of simple slopes indicated that the effect was greatest amongst lowest baseline consumers.

Conclusions

The findings demonstrate the efficacy of self‐affirmation in increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in individuals who are at risk of having a low intake and whose consumption put them at the greatest risk of negative health outcomes. Application of these findings could help to reduce health care costs, through the use of cost‐effective online interventions and reductions in treatment costs. Further research is needed to capitalise on the increased tailoring that online intervention allows in order to optimise the effects of self‐affirmation.
KiSS‐1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its prognostic significance
Authors: Shin Wui‐Jung , Cho Young‐Ah , Kang Kyung‐Rim , Kim Ji‐Hoon , Hong Seong‐Doo , Lee Jae‐Il , Hong Sam‐Pyo , Yoon Hye‐Jung
Published: January 2016

Downregulated expression of KiSS‐1 has been correlated with tumor progression, metastasis, and patient prognosis in various human malignancies. However, there is no information regarding the expression of KiSS‐1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Our aims were to examine KiSS‐1 expression in OSCC tissue samples and cell lines and to determine its prognostic significance. KiSS‐1 expression was significantly lower in lymph node (LN) metastases than in primary tumor tissues. Five of six OSCC cell lines showed absence or relatively low expression of KiSS‐1. Correlations between KiSS‐1 expression and clinicopathological parameters were statistically assessed. There were significant correlations between KiSS‐1 expression and LN metastasis (p = 0.007), TNM stage (p = 0.024), and local recurrence (p = 0.012). In the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, negative KiSS‐1 expression significantly correlated with poorer overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) (p = 0.000 and 0.000, respectively). Multivariate analysis using Cox regression modeling revealed that KiSS‐1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both OS and DFS (p = 0.001 and 0.000, respectively). Our findings suggested that KiSS‐1 downregulation may play a role in tumor progression and metastasis of OSCC and may be a reliable biomarker for predicting clinical outcome in OSCC.
Current status on microRNAs as biomarkers for ovarian cancer
Authors: Prahm Kira Philipsen , Novotny Guy Wayne , Høgdall Claus , Høgdall Estrid
Published: January 2016

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy in the Western world, and has a very poor prognosis, often due to late diagnosis and emergence of chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, there is an essential need for new diagnostic and prognostic markers that can improve and initiate more personalized treatment, eventually improving survival of the patients. MicroRNAs are small, non‐coding RNA molecules, that post‐transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Several studies have within the last decade shown that microRNAs are deregulated in OC and have potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for OC. Recently studies have also focused on microRNAs as predictors of chemotherapy responses and their potential as therapeutic targets. However, many of the published studies are difficult to interpret as a whole due to various methods of analysis. Future focus should be aimed at developing a general standardized analytical method, which can limit differences between studies thus allowing easier comparison across them. In addition, validation of studies in independent series that ideally should be histotype‐specific is essential to determine the clinical role of microRNAs in different types of OC. In this review we summarize the current knowledge of microRNAs as potential biomarkers for OC, with focus on their clinical relevance.
Modeling Interdependent Animal Movement in Continuous Time
Authors: Niu Mu , Blackwell Paul G. , Skarin Anna
Published: January 2016

This article presents a new approach to modeling group animal movement in continuous time. The movement of a group of animals is modeled as a multivariate Ornstein Uhlenbeck diffusion process in a high-dimensional space. Each individual of the group is attracted to a leading point which is generally unobserved, and the movement of the leading point is also an Ornstein Uhlenbeck process attracted to an unknown attractor. The Ornstein Uhlenbeck bridge is applied to reconstruct the location of the leading point. All movement parameters are estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling, specifically a Metropolis Hastings algorithm. We apply the method to a small group of simultaneously tracked reindeer, Rangifer tarandus tarandus, showing that the method detects dependency in movement between individuals.
Global Rank Tests for Multiple, Possibly Censored, Outcomes
Authors: Ramchandani Ritesh , Schoenfeld David A. , Finkelstein Dianne M.
Published: January 2016

Clinical trials often collect multiple outcomes on each patient, as the treatment may be expected to affect the patient on many dimensions. For example, a treatment for a neurological disease such as ALS is intended to impact several dimensions of neurological function as well as survival. The assessment of treatment on the basis of multiple outcomes is challenging, both in terms of selecting a test and interpreting the results. Several global tests have been proposed, and we provide a general approach to selecting and executing a global test. The tests require minimal parametric assumptions, are flexible about weighting of the various outcomes, and are appropriate even when some or all of the outcomes are censored. The test we propose is based on a simple scoring mechanism applied to each pair of subjects for each endpoint. The pairwise scores are then reduced to a summary score, and a rank-sum test is applied to the summary scores. This can be seen as a generalization of previously proposed nonparametric global tests (e.g., O'Brien, 1984). We discuss the choice of optimal weighting schemes based on power and relative importance of the outcomes. As the optimal weights are generally unknown in practice, we also propose an adaptive weighting scheme and evaluate its performance in simulations. We apply the methods to analyze the impact of a treatment on neurological function and death in an ALS trial.
Impact of ferulic acid esterase‐producing lactobacilli and fibrolytic enzymes on ensiling and digestion kinetics of mixed small‐grain silage
Authors: Jin L. , Dunière L. , Lynch J. P. , Zaheer R. , Turkington K. , Blackshaw R. E. , Lupwayi N. Z. , O'Donovan J. T. , Harker K. N. , McAllister T. , Baah J. , Wang Y.
Published: January 2016

This study evaluated the effects of a ferulic acid esterase (FAE) and a non‐FAE‐producing inoculant applied alone or in combination with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) on the fermentation and nutritive value of mixed grain (barley, oats and spring triticale) silage. The mixed crop was ensiled in laboratory mini‐silos either untreated (CON), or treated with a FAE inoculant (FAE), a non‐FAE inoculant (NFAE) or NFAE + EFE. Inoculated silages were lower (P < 0·01) in water‐soluble carbohydrate, whereas NFAE and NFAE + EFE silages had higher (P < 0·001) DM loss than other silages. FAE and NFAE silage had higher neutral detergent fibre (NDF), but were lower in NFAE + EFE than other silages (P < 0·001). Copy numbers of 16S rRNA associated with Lactobacillus buchneri were higher (P < 0·001) in NFAE and NFAE + EFE silages than in others, resulting in higher (P < 0·001) acetic acid in these silages. NFAE + EFE silage had lower (P < 0·001) in vitro gas production and NDF digestibility (NDFD) than other silages. FAE silage had higher (P < 0·01) in situNDFD than CON and NFAE + EFE silages. Inoculation of mixed small‐grain silage with NFAE‐producing inoculants combining EFE reduced NDFD.