bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TEOG ve LGS Sistemlerinin Öğrenci, Öğretmen, Veli ve Öğretmen Velilerin Görüşleri Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: KUZU Yasemin , KUZU Okan , GELBAL Selahattin
Published: June 2019

Bu çalışmada, “Temel Eğitimden Ortaöğretime Geçiş” ve “Liselere Giriş Sınavı” sistemlerinin en çok kabul ve ret gören özellikleri öğrencilerin, öğretmenlerin, velilerin ve öğretmen velilerin görüşleri doğrultusunda incelenmiştir. Liselere Giriş Sınavı sistemi Temel Eğitimden Ortaöğretime Geçiş sistemi ile karşılaştırılmış, olumlu ve olumsuz yanları belirlenmiştir. Nicel ve nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarının birlikte kullanıldığı bu çalışmada, nicel araştırma yaklaşımlarından tarama modeli, nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından ise durum çalışması modeli kullanılmıştır. Nicel veriler betimsel istatistiklerden yararlanılarak analiz edilmiş ve betimleme sürecinde, Temel Eğitimden Ortaöğretime Geçiş ve Liselere Giriş Sınavı sistemi ile ilgili literatür taranarak 25 maddelik bir anket hazırlanmıştır. Anket, toplam 415 kişiye uygulanmış ve elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Fen Lisesi gibi özel nitelik gerektiren okullara sınavla öğrenci alımının daha doğru bir karar olduğu belirtilmiştir. Adrese en yakın okula kayıt yaptırmanın ve sınavın tek bir oturumda tamamlanmasının ise yanlış olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Nitel veriler ise içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiş ve “Sınav Koordinatörlüğü”, “Sınav Sayısı”, “Soru Dağılımı”, “Soru Tipi” ve “Yerleştirme Tipi” kategorileri altında temalar oluşturulduğu görülmüştür. Liselere Giriş Sınavı’nın olumsuz yanlarının daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiş ve Temel Eğitimden Ortaöğretime Geçiş sistemi daha tercih edilebilir bir sistem olarak görülmüştür. Bu yönüyle çalışmanın ortaöğretime geçiş sınav sistemlerinin hazırlanma sürecine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir
Micro-Bubble Flotation for Removing Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solution: Artificial Neural Network Modeling and Kinetic of Flotation
Authors: I. Alwared Abeer , Abdulrazzaq Nada , Al-Sabbagh Baseem
Published: June 2019

In this work, microbubble dispersed air flotation technique was applied for cadmium ions removal from wastewater aqueous solution. Experiments parameters such as pH (3, 4, 5, and 6), initial Cd(II) ions concentration (40, 80, and 120 mg/l)  contact time( 2, 5, 10 , 15, and 20min), and surfactant (10, 20and 40mg/l) were studied in order to optimize the best conditions .The experimental results indicate that microbubbles were quite effective in removing cadmium ions and the anionic surfactant SDS was found to be more efficient than cationic CTAB in flotation process. 92.3% maximum removal efficiency achieved through 15min at pH 5, SDS surfactant concentration 20mg/l, flow rate250 cm3/min and at 40mg/l Cd(II) ions initial concentration. The removal efficiency of cadmium ion was predicted through 11 neurons hidden layer, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9997 between ANN outputs and the experimental data and through sensitivity analysis, pH was found to be most significant parameter (25.13 %).The kinetic flotation order for cadmium ions almost first order and the removal rate constant (k) increases with decreasing the initial metal concentration.
Carbonized Copolymers Nonwoven Nanofibers Composite: Surface Morphology and Fibers Orientation
Authors: I. Waisi Basma
Published: June 2019

Carbonized nonwoven nanofibers composite were fabricated using the electrospinning method of a polymeric solution composite followed by heat treatment including stabilization and calcination steps. The spun polymeric solution was a binary polymer mixture/organic solvent. In this study, two types of polymers (Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and Polyethylene glycol (PEG)) were used separately as a copolymer with the base polymer (Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)) to prepare a binary polymer mixture in a mixing ratio of 50:50. The prepared precursor solutions were used to prepare the precursor nanofibers composite (PAN: PMMA) and (PAN: PEG).  The fabricated precursors nonwoven fibers composite were stabilized and carbonized to produce carbon nonwoven nanofibers composite. The effect of the combined polymer type on the fiber size, fiber size distribution, and surface morphology of the prepared nonwoven nanofibers was studied. The nonwoven fibers orientation and surface morphology were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). In addition, ImageJ software has been used to calculate the fiber size and fiber size distribution. Here, the obvious effect of the copolymer type on the surface morphology, fiber size, and fiber orientation has been demonstrated. Using a copolymer with PAN polymer led to increasing the fiber size. The carbonized nanofibers composite prepared using PEG polymer as a copolymer was more ordered fibers in comparison with the fiber orientation of carbon nanofibers based on pure PAN. In contrast of that, using PMMA as a copolymer resulted curly carbonized nonwoven nanofiber composite.
Adsorption of Chromium Ions on Activated Carbon Produced from Cow Bones
Authors: Waleed Khalid Marah , D. Salman Sami
Published: June 2019

Due to the broad range uses of chromium for industrial purposes, besides its carcinogenic effect, an efficient, cost effective removal method should be obtained. In this study, cow bones as a cheap raw material were utilized to produce active carbon (CBAC) by physiochemical activation, which was characterized using: SEM to investigate surface morphology and BET to estimate the specific surface area. The best surface area of CBAC was 595.9 m2/gm which was prepared at 600 ᵒC activation temperature and impregnation ratio of 1:1.5. CBAC was used in aqueous chromium ions adsorption. The investigated factors and their ranges are: initial concentration (10-50 mg/L), adsorption time (30-300 min), temperature (20-50 ᵒC) and solution pH (2-11). Isotherm of adsorption and its kinetics were studied. The adsorption process was modeled statistically and was represented by an empirical model. Equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the data best represented by Freundlich isotherm. Pseudo- first order and pseudo- second order kinetic equations were utilized to study adsorption kinetics, where chromium adsorption on CBAC fitted pseudo- second order fitted the data more adequately. The best removal efficiency was found to be 94.32%.
Performance of Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Systems in the Treatment of Al-Rustumia Municipal Wastewater using Continuous Loading Feed
Authors: A. Rahi Muna , A. H. Faisal Ayad
Published: June 2019

This study aimed at comparing the performance of vertical, horizontal and hybrid subsurface flow systems in secondary treatment for the effluent wastewater from the primary basins at Al-Rustumia wastewater treatment plant, Baghdad, Iraq. The treatments were monitored for six weeks while the testsduration were from 4 to 12 September 2018 under continuous wastewater feeding for chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS),ammonia-nitrogen(NH4-N) and phosphate (PO4-P) in comparison with FAO and USEPA standards for effluent discharge to evaluate the suitability of treated water for irrigation purposes. Among the systems planted with Phragmites Australia, the hybrid subsurface flow system which consisted of vertical unit followed by horizontal one, considerably removed the pollutants more efficiently than the single operated systems. The planted hybrid subsurface flow wetland system was achieved the highest removal with a mean removal rate of COD,TSS, NH4-N, and PO4-Pat 99.3, 83.2,67.4 and 53% respectively and these percentages were decreased in the other systems. The results proved that the planted vertical subsurface flow unit can be removed the COD, TSS, NH4-N and PO4-Pwith values of 93, 71.1, 43.3 and 30.7%, respectively while the achieved removals by horizontal subsurface flow unit of 99, 74.3, 54.5 and 20.3%, respectively. The planted horizontal subsurface flow wetland, however, showed a good efficacy for all parameters in the treatment process except for PO4-P when it is compared with vertical system, however, there is a clear increase in the NO3-N effluent concentration for all treatment units.
Evaluation the Effect of Velocity and Temperature on the Corrosion Rate of Crude Oil Pipeline in the Presence of CO2/H2S Dissolved Gases
Authors: Hadi Jasim Haider
Published: June 2019

In this paper investigate the influences of dissolved CO2/H2S gases, crude oil velocity and temperature on the rate of corrosion of crude oil transmission pipelines of Maysan oil fields southern Iraq. The Potentiostatic corrosion test technique was conducted into two types of carbon steel pipeline (materials API 5L X60 and API 5L X80). The computer software ECE electronic corrosion engineer was used to predict the influences of CO2 partial pressure, the composition of crude oil, flow velocity of crude oil and percentage of material elements of carbon steel on the rate of corrosion. As a result, the carbon steel API 5L X80 indicates good and appropriate resistance to corrosion compared to carbon steel API 5L X60. The rate of corrosion acquired from the test in flow conditions is most significant than that in static conditions. The crude oil from Noor field has the largest value of corrosion rate, while the crude oil from Halfaya field has the lower value; other crude oils have moderate values. The dissolved CO2/H2S gases contribute by a low degree in internal pipeline corrosion because of the small concentrations.
New Study of Mgo Nps in Drilling Fluid to Reduce Stick-Slip Vibration in Drilling System
Authors: Y. Alssafar Saifalden , H. M. Al-Mahdawi Faleh
Published: June 2019

Stick-slip is kind of vibration which associated with drilling operation in around the bottom hole assembly (BHA) due to the small clearance between drill string & the open hole and due to the eccentric rotating of string. This research presents results of specific experimental study that was run by using two types of drilling mud (Fresh water Bentonite & Polymer), with/without Nanoparticle size materials of MgO in various ratios and computes the rheological properties of mud for each concentration [Yield point, plastic viscosity, Av, PH, filter loss (30 min), filter cake, Mud Cake Friction, Friction Factor]. These results then were used to find a clear effects of Nanoparticle drilling mud rheology on stick - slip strength by several perspectives through a special “Torque and Drag” software which simulate the torque amount expected on BHA during drilling a vertical well in different conditions using real drilling string design that usually used in Iraqi oil fields. Thus to mitigate or to prevent stick–slip and cure the sequence events that could happen to both of drilling string and the well, i.e. Bit/BHA wear, pipe sticking, borehole instability and low Rate of penetration. Our study concluded that there are good reduction in the torque from (2031lb-ft) to (1823lb-ft) using polymer mud and torque reduction from (4000lb-ft) to (3450lb-ft) using Fresh Water Bentonite, these results do not include any breaking in the satisfactory range of other mud rheology.
Development of a Semi-Analytical Type Curve of Transient Pressure Response in Complex Well-Reservoir Architectures
Authors: Saeb Salih Ibrahim , Ali Baker Hussain
Published: June 2019

The objective of the conventional well testing technique is to evaluate well- reservoir interaction through determining the flow capacity and well potential on a short-term basis by relying on the transient pressure response methodology. The well testing analysis is a major input to the reservoir simulation model to validate the near wellbore characteristics and update the variables that are normally function of time such as skin, permeability and productivity multipliers.

Well test analysis models are normally built on analytical approaches with fundamental physical of homogenous media with line source solution. Many developments in the last decade were made to increase the resolution of transient response derivation to meet the complexity of well and flow media.

   Semi-analytical modeling for the pressure transient response in complex well architecture and complex reservoirs were adopted in this research. The semi analytical solution was based on coupling the boundary condition of source function to the well segment. Coupling well-reservoir on sliced based technique was used to re-produce homogenous isotropic media from several source functions of different properties. The approach can model different well geometries penetrated complex reservoirs. A computer package was prepared to model the pressure transient response of horizontal, dual-lateral, multi-lateral wells in complex anisotropic reservoirs, multilayered, compartmentalized, system of various boundary conditions such as: bottom support aquifers, edge supported, gas caps, interference of injection. The validity of the proposed model was successfully checked by using the commercial simulator.
Enhancing Drilling Parameters in Majnoon Oilfield
Authors: M. Majeed Majid , A. Alhaleem Ayad
Published: June 2019

The objective of drilling parameters optimization in Majnoon oilfield is to arrive for a methodology that considers the past drilling data for five directional wells at 35 degree of inclination as a baseline for new wells to be drilled. Also, to predicts drilling performance by selecting the applied drilling parameters generated the highest rate of penetration (ROP) at each section. The focal point of the optimization process is to reduce drilling time and associated cost per each well. The results of this study show that the maximum ROP could not be achieved without sufficient flow rate to cool and clean the bit in clay intervals (36" and 24") hole sections. Although the influence of combination of Weight on Bit (WOB), Round per minute (RPM), and hydraulic horsepower on the bit in (16", 12 1/4" and 8 1/2") hole sections is a key to reduce drilling time, therefore, the drilling parameters produced the fastest ROP per each section was considered as optimum parameters likely to apply for the future wells.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA KOMIK AKSARA JAWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA JAWA SISWA KELAS VI
Authors: Shohifaturifqi Umi , Hernawati Sari , Husna Muhammad Ahsanul
Published: June 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara membuat komikhuruf Jawa sebagai media pembelajaran mata pelajaran bahasa Jawa diSekolah Dasar Islam Tarbiyatussibyan Dukuhbadag, Ketanggungan,Kabupaten Brebes. Media pembelajaran adalah alat yang digunakan untukmentransfer pelajaran kepada siswa secara optimal untuk mengarahkantujuan pembelajaran. Komik berisi gambar-gambar berurutan yang memilikikarakter tertentu dan tertata dengan baik. Itu bisa membentuk alur ceritadan berisi pesan untuk para pembaca. Bahasa Jawa memiliki peran pentingbagi orang Jawa karena kearifan lokalnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkanbahwa pengembangan komik huruf Jawa sebagai media pembelajaran baikuntuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Jawa. Itu denganmempertimbangkan validasi dari ahli media dan materi yang berpikir"sangat baik", dengan melihat validasi ahli media yang menunjukkanpersentase 93%, dan sementara pakar materi mencetak 86%. Selain itu, parasiswa Sekolah Dasar Islam Tarbiyatussibyan juga antusias dalam Nglatinkehuruf Jawa. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah media komik aksara Jawa,cocok untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran aksara Jawa pada siswa kelas VIMI Tarbiyatussibyan.Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran, Komik, Bahasa Jawa.AbstractThis research aimed to find out the ways to create Javanese lettercomic as a learning media of Javanese language subject at Islamic PrimarySchool of Tarbiyatussibyan Dukuhbadag, Ketanggungan, Regency of Brebes.Learning media was a tool which was used to transfer the lesson to thestudents optimally in order to aim the learning goals. Comic containedsequenced pictures that had the certain character and were well-arranged. ItUmi S, Sari S dan M. Ahsanul H Pengembangan Media Komik...179 MAGISTRA - Volume 8 Nomor 2 Desember 2017could form the story plot and contain a message for the readers. Javaneselanguage had the important role for Javanese people because of its localwisdom. The result of this research showed that the development of Javaneseletter comic as learning media was good to be applied in Javanese languagelesson. It was by considering the validation from the media and materialsexperts who thought “very good”, by looking at the validation of media expertswho showed a 93% percentage, and while the material expert scored 86%.Moreover, the students of Islamic Primary School of Tarbiyatussibyan werealso enthusiastic in lettering or Nglatinke the Javanese letters. The conclusionsof this study are Javanese script comic media, suitable for use in Javanese scriptlearning on the sixth grade MI Tarbiyatussibyan.Keywords: Learning Media, Comic, Javanese Language.
Assessment of the quality of the magnetic concentrates of the titanium ores at Pizhemsky deposit from the point of view of the technological mineralogy
Authors: Lyutoev V. P. , Makeyev A. B.
Published: June 2019

Four magnetic fractions of small classes concentrates (0,05—0,125 mm) of a representative technological sample have been separated from titanium-bearing medium thickness sandstones of Malorucheysky unit (Pizhemsky titanium deposit). They have been studied: general sample (T-2) and three partial (T-l a, b, c) ones obtained by gravitational separation in heavy liquid in three density intervals (3,3—3,5; 3,5—3,7; 3,7—3,9 g/cm3). It has been demonstrated that the magnetic fraction of the small productive classes consists mainly of pseudorutil, ilmenite, siderite (ironstone) and garnet. The phase composition of iron-titanium phases has been reliably established by the means of normative recalculation of chemical analysis data, as well as methods of Mossbauer spectroscopy, infrared (IR) absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The ratio of the pseudorutile, ilmenite, siderite and associated rare earth minerals monazite-kularite and zircon accumulated in the respective gravity classes, has been computed . It has been recommended to use the methods of recovery of the concentrates (extraction of zircon and monazite) before the operation of desilication, as well as their purification from siderite.
Carboniferous continental margin mafic-ultramafic sheeted dyke complex in the West Magnitogorsk zone (Southern Urals)
Authors: Ryazantsev A. V. , Novikov L. A. , Razumovskij A. A.
Published: June 2019

In the West of the aHochthon of Magnitogorsk zone thrusted onto the Precambrian complexes of the Uraltau zone, the Devonian island-arc complexes overlap stratigraphicalry the Ordovician and Silurian chert-basalt sequences and serpentine melange. Melange and Ordovician strata are intruded by dyke swarms and sheeted dykes («dyke in dyke») which are composed of mafic and ultramafic rocks. The dykes, composed by gabbro-dolerite, amphibole K-feldspar gabbro, hornblendite, picrite and lamprophyre, predominate. The composition of the ultramafic rocks corresponds to the composition of picrite and komatiite. The 40Ar/39Ar age of the magmatic amphibole from gabbro is 357 ± 8 m.y. The formation of dykes is related to the Early Carboniferous rift-related magmatism on an active continental margin.
Biostratigraphic significance of the tetrapod assem¬blages of the Timan- North Urals region and adjacent areas
Authors: Novikov I. V.
Published: June 2019

New and specified data on the composition of the Triassic tetrapod assemblages of the Timan-North Urals region, the Mezen syneclise and the eastern part of the Moscow syneclise have been given. The succession of the Triassic tetrapod communities known in this area includes eight assemblages, seven of which correspond to the contemporary communities of the terrestial vertebrates known from other regions of the East European platform and the Cisurals. The first assemblage, known from the basal Triassic of the Mezen and Moscow syneclises, is Early Induan in age. The second, third and fourth assemblages are dated by Early Olenekian age and typical for the middle part of the Early Tri-assic section of the Timan-North Urals region, the Mezen and Moscow syneclises. The Late Olenekian fifth and sixth assemblages characterize the upper part of the Lower Triassic of the Northern Cisurals, the Moscow and Mezen syneclises. The seventh assemblage characterizes the base of the Middle Triassic (Lower Anisian) of the Northern Cisurals and has no analogues in other regions of the platform and of the Cisurals. The eighth assemblage is known from the upper part of the Middle Triassic of the Northern Cisurals and is Late Ladinian in age.
On the restoration of the level of underground water after withdrawal from the layered aquifers with overflow
Authors: Burakov M. M. , Burkush V. G. , Tynbayev M. M.
Published: June 2019

The patterns of restoration of the piezometric level of groundwater in the aquifer under test in a layered aquifer system with the overflow of water from the adjacent horizon after stopping the experimental constant-rate pumping tests, have been analyzed; the physico-mathematical model of piezometric level restoration has been formed and analyzed. It has been shown that the restoration of the level is carried out in the same way as after stopping the pumping from a pressure isolated aquifer. In other words, it has been assumed that pumping with a constant flow rate continues even after it has been stopped, and at the time of self-stopping through the well from which the pumping is performed, water is pumped into the test aquifer with the same flow rate. As a result, the disturbance flow rate becomes zero, and the groundwater level in the tested horizon is restored to an unperturbed position. In addition to this, during test filtration testing of layered systems with overflow, the groundwater flow formed during the injection, directed from the tested horizon to the adjacent one, completely "locks" the groundwater flow formed during the pumping out of the adjacent horizon to the tested one. Accordingly, the processing and interpretation of the results of tracking the recovery level should be carried out in full compliance with the existing methodological recommendations.
Definition of the areas of space affecting results of the radio-wave method
Authors: Karinskiy A. D. , Kuznetsov N. M.
Published: June 2019

It is known that in the insulator the area that has the main influence on the propagation of electromagnetic waves,is determined by the radius of the first Fresnel zone. But rocks are conductive medium. Examples of the results of calculations have been given, illustrating which area of the conducting space can have a significant impact on the re sults of the radio-wave method. In the given approach, each element A Vi of a conducting space, differing in electrical parameters from all other elements, is a source of a secondary electromagnetic field, similar to the field of an alternating electric dipole. The results of mathematical modeling can help to determine which area of the conducting medium under certain conditions has the main influence on the results of radio wave method. Simulation results can determine which region of the conductive medium has a major influence on the results of radio-wave method.
Women in geology. Elena Alexandrovna Moldavskaya (1891-1973)
Authors: Starodubtseva I. A.
Published: June 2019

E.A. Moldavskaya was one of the first Russian women-geologists engaged in practical geology. In 1918, she graduated from the Moscow Women's Courses of Higher Education in geology and worked for about 40 years in the chosen profession. E.A. Moldavskaya controlled geological and engineering-geological researches in Moscow region, Volga region, Belarus. She was engaged in exploration and evaluation of ratovkite, limestone, clay, gypsum deposits, and compiled a summary «Mineral resources of the gypsum industry of the USSR». E.A. Moldavskaya supervised the theme «Assessment of the gas potential prospects in Moscow and Moscow region», took part in geological survey for thermal power plants and made the instruction on researches of constructional materials for construction of those plants. E.A. Moldovskaya was awarded by medal «For Valorous Labour in the Great Patriotic war» (1946), «In memory of the 800th anniversary of Moscow» (1948). The professional activities and biography of E.A. Moldavskaya have been considered for the first time.
To the experience in the use of tests for current control of knowledge on historical geology in MGRI
Authors: Gaponenko E. S. , Novgorodova L. V. , Lekaj E. S. , Eremenko R. U. , Komarov V. N. , Andruhovych A. O.
Published: June 2019

The possibilities of using test tasks of various forms for the current control of the objective assessment of students knowledge of historical geology have been clarified. Brief information about the essence of pedagogical control and tests has been given. The value of control maps for the analysis and statistical processing of test results has been considered. The effectiveness of the test verification system for the organization of self-control over the course of assimilation and consolidation of the acquired knowledge, as well as the implementation of self-management training activities of students, has been proved. It has been concluded that the educational material that affects the history of the Earth in the Precambrian is the most difficult (10,0% of the correct answers), as well as the various aspects of the evolution of the organic world (10,1%), and alsothe information about minerals (11,5%). Students showed the best knowledge in the field of stratigraphic division of the studied intervals of geological history of the Earth (50,4%), features of the Paleozoic stage (42,4%) and various historical aspects (37,3%). It has been established that the maximal difficulties, regardless of the content, cause the tasks requiring systematic knowledge for compliance (9,4%). A small positive dynamics of students performance indicators has been revealed in the study of the material relating to different ages and different types of tectonic structures, as well as in the work with tests to establish compliance. It has been proved that the test control system makes it possible to make more systematic and effective conduct of classes, organize a self-control over the course for mastering individual topics and adjust the lecture material to improve the efficiency of training. Data on the results of the test control of educational work should be fully used for timely adjustment of educational trajectories of students at all stages of training in historical geology. They will be necessary for the development of initiatives in mastering the future profession, creative abilities, the ability to plan and predict the results of their independent actions and to solve non-standard tasks.
About the structure of the Kama-Kinel trough system
Authors: Gorozhanina E. N. , Gorozhanin V. M. , Zagranovskaya D. E. , Zakharova O. A.
Published: June 2019

Kama-Kinel Trough System (KKTS) — the structure formed in the Frasnian of the Late Devonian in the vast territory of the Volga-Ural province, is distinguished by the Upper Devonian — Lower Carboniferous deposits. The new interpretation of forming conditions of carbonate deposits in the KKTS has been given. The troughs of the KKST were formed in the Late Devonian as basin with gently sloping shelf zones. The deposits of the middle shelf (ramp), gently sinking into the side of the pool, where the layered accumulated precipitation are presented by bioclastic and intraclastic (lumpy) limestones and carbonate breccia, formed under the influence of storms. Three structural-facial zones, central, border and arched, allocated in the structure of deflections of the KKTS, reflect the structure of troughs formed as a result of tectonic restructuring at the beginning of the Visean and reactivated at the neotectonic stage. The uplift of the side zone considered as the reef buildups seem to be horst-shaped structures in fault zones. These features allow us to consider the structure of the KKTS as formed as a result of paleotectonic processes with the appropriate distribution of shallow and deep-water facies, subsequently changed as a result of reactivation of the basement faults.
Relevance of power saving at mining farms
Authors: Samokhin V. I. , Samokhin D. V. , Babkin E. E. , Petrov I. M.
Published: June 2019

Introduction:mining has recently aroused substantial interest inRussia due to the rise in crypto-currency rates. Therefore, new coins are harder to obtain, and mining equipment turns more expensive. Computation capacities are provided by mining farms, and the number of their computation modules reaches 20 units, if operated by natural persons, and 300 – 5,000 units, if operated by major computation centres. One of the factors restraining the development of industrialscale mining, consists in high power consumption rates demonstrated by major computation centres. Therefore, the problem of high-quality power supply to mining farms gains relevance both in terms of the efficient use of electric power sources and in terms of the protection of expensive machines.

Methods:the co-authors have analyzed power saving problems that accompany the incorporation of industrial mining farms, substantiated the need to design and develop the unique equipment, connectable to mining farms because the circulation of the reactive component of electric power between the source of alternate current and the accumulator causes losses of energy in the wires of the electric circuit. The overloading of the circuit by the reactive current causes the need to improve the capacity of the energy source, reduces the circuit voltage and makes it fluctuate. The co-authors have performed an overview of air and liquid-based cooling systems applied to mining farms. They also describe the principle of the cooling system involving submersion, which has a strong potential as a constituent component of major mining farms.

Findings and discussion:the co-authors have formulated their idea aimed at the improvement of the performance of mining farms. They present a power saving system centered around the reactive capacity compensation, filtration of upper harmonics and compensation of voltage tilts.

Conclusion:the co-authors have formulated the objectives of research in the area of power efficiency and capacity improvement at mining farms.
Autonomous power generation facilities, hybrid structures comprising renewable energy sources
Authors: Lukaitis V. Yu. , Glushkov S. Yu.
Published: June 2019

Introduction: the implementation of land development programmes in the polar regions, Siberia andFar East turns more complex due to power shortages in these areas. High electric energy rates and the need to maintain special purpose buildings encourage engineers to develop autonomous energy supply systems.

Methods: the co-authors have analyzed several types of autonomous power supply facilities and series of autonomous power supply units designated for the power supply to the production machinery installed as part of various economic and special-purpose facilities, located at a long distance from industrial sources of electric energy.

Findings and discussion: the co-authors present an algorithm for the selection of the configuration of an autonomous power supply system. The co-authors employ the findings of their analysis to substantiate the choice of a solar power station as a supplementary source of energy used as part of hybrid power generation systems.

Conclusion: the algorithm developed by the co-authors may be used to design an efficient autonomous power supply system comprising hybrid units.
Constructive adaptability of machinery to operate effectively in the full cycle of technological works
Authors: Sevryugina N. S. , Apatenko A. S.
Published: June 2019

Introduction: the feasibility of the strategic development of the country in the long term from the point of view of technical support of production areas is considered. Presents an analytical review of designs of technological machines manufacturers, highlighted the work of leading Russian scientists Balovnev V.I., Zorin A.V., Goncharov N.V., Korchagin P.A., Pavlov V.P. and others aimed at solving problems of competitiveness and import substitution of land transport and technological complexes, focused on operation in different sectors of the economy. The increase in the efficiency of technological machines of a wide range of use by constructive refinement by placing in the drive mechanism of the working equipment of the quick-detachable device: quick coupler, which provides the versatility of the base machine, reducing the cost of performing a full cycle of technological works. The modified model of the quick coupler is developed, mathematical, computer modeling and full-scale tests are carried out. Proved the feasibility of the introduction of the indicator variable characterizing the efficiency of the multifunctional machine at the put costs.

Methods: the study is based on the analysis of the works of leading domestic and foreign scientists in the field of improving existing technological machines. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was a systematic approach, probability theory, methods of mathematical analysis, simulation, similarity theory, reliability theory, theory of planning and static processing of results.

Results and discussion: a modified model of the quick coupler is developed, a distinctive feature of the design is the model of the unloaded locking mechanism. Simulation modeling, full-scale and bench tests on the level of structural reliability are carried out.

Conclusion: operators of technological machines are proposed to supplement the working equipment with a quick coupler with an unloaded locking mechanism that allows to constructively adapt the machines to the effective functioning in the full cycle of technological works by expanding the range of working equipment used and reducing operating costs.
Optimal solutions for an automatic control system for medium capacity power supply facilities using renewable energy sources
Authors: Elistratov V. V.
Published: June 2019

Introduction: extensive logistics costs (including long distance transportation and high fuel prices) and a high cost of electric energy, generated by diesel power plants, are the main problem of power supply to consumers by off-grid power systems. The author unlocks the potential of hybrid power systems using renewable energy sources and saving expensive fuel. The author offers the analysis of automatic control systems capable of improving the efficiency of subordinate power plant elements.

Methods: the author provides a classification of wind-diesel power plants and describes their performance pro rata to the share of wind energy consumption. The author has also compiled a set of specifications applicable to the technological solutions of wind-driven power plants. He also formulates the principles underlying an intelligent automatic control system for off-grid power supply facilities. This system served as the basis for a software and hardware module designed and developed for an intelligent power conversion/control/distribution system. The author provides diagrams of (1) electrical circuits of a software and hardware module for an intelligent power conversion/control/distribution system, and (2) the operation of an off-grid power supply package using renewable energy sources and controlled by the power conversion/control/distribution system. The author analyzes the primary and secondary sources of power in an off-grid power supply facility and describes principles of their operation within a software and hardware module.

Results and discussions: the author offers a methodology of intelligent control over off-grid power supply facilities within the framework of the project for development of a wind-diesel power plant in thevillage ofAmderma. The author describes the results of incorporation of a wind-diesel power plant into the power supply facility operating in the permafrost environment of the Arctic region.

Conclusion: presently,Russia has pre-conditions in place capable of boosting the development of power supply technologies using hybrid facilities comprising renewable energy sources. The implementation of such off-grid power supply facilities, controlled by newly designed software and hardware modules designated for an intelligent power conversion/ control/distribution system optimizes electric power generation and consumption modes and substantially reduces fuel consumption by diesel power plants.
Prospects for the use of electro-technological heating systems in the arctic conditions
Authors: Konesev S. G. , Khlyupin P. A.
Published: June 2019

Introduction.The co-authors analyze the sources and consumers of thermal power in the Far North and the Arctic region. The co-authors describe industrial, fire, and environmental hazards coming from existing heating systems that consume burned hydrocarbons. The co-authors propose an alternative system that uses electro-thermal technologies.

Subject of research.Electro-thermal systems designated for the maintenance of the operation of industrial and social facilities in the Far North and the Arctic region.

Objective.Substantiation of the need to have flame heating systems, which are currently in operation, replaced by highly efficient, safe and eco-friendly electro-thermal heating systems in the Far North and the Arctic region.

Materials and methods.The co-authors analyze thermal power generation in the environment characterized by extremely low temperatures.

Findings.The co-authors describe several heating sources that comprise electro-thermal technologies, applicable in the Far North and the Arctic region.

Conclusions.Electro-thermal heating systems boost heat transmission and power efficiency of heating systems due to their high controllability. They can also reduce the environmental impact, caused by strong heat flows produced by flame furnaces onto the climate of the Far North and the Arctic region.
A STUDY ON HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN SALPINGITS, HYDROSALPINX AND TUBAL PREGNANCY
Authors: Spandana Dr. B. , Jyothi Dr. A.V. , Harish Dr. C.Venkata
Published: June 2019

Fallopian tubes are complex structures, they represent more than conduit from ovary to endometrial cavity. They are the seats for a variety of interactions in a normally implanted pregnancy. The significance of pathogenic changes in fallopian tubes is related to infertility. Salpingitis is responsible for secondary occlusion or stenosis. The prospective study was done from June 2010 to June 2012. A total number of cases were analysed. The results obtained were subjected to analysis using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and SPSS for statistical significance. The commonest tubal lesion is salpingitis (66). Tubal ectopic pregnancy was the second commonest condition noticed (55). The third common lesion was Hydrosalpinx

Keywords: Fallopian tubes, Infertility, Salpingitis, Kurnool
CLINICAL PROFILE OF OCULAR SURFACE SQUAMOUS NEOPLASIA (OSSN).
Authors: Gupta Dr. Rishi
Published: June 2019

Aim: To Study the Clinical profile of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia (OSSN).

Design: Retrospective study.

Materials and Methods: We analysed 28 cases of OSSN who presented to the out-patient department of tertiary eye care centre Hospital, over a period of 1 year from January 2017 to January 2018.

Results: In patients, who presented with OSSN age ranged from 24 to 70 years, mean age being 44.80 years. Males were predominantly affected accounting for 64.28%. A nodule at the libus is the commonest presentation. About 25% of the patients were positive for HIV with mean age of presentation 32 years. Among HIV positive patients 5 cases had SCC.

Conclusion: OSSN was observed more common in males. Nodular type of lesion is the commonest variety. HIV positive individuals have an increased incidence of OSSN with invasive characteristics. Hence, ophthalmologists need to be aware of this association and a thorough workup is warranted for all patients presenting with OSSN, especially in the younger age group.

Keywords:   Ocular surface squamous neoplasia, Carcinoma in-situ(CIS), Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
A COMPARATVE STUDY ON DIAGNOSTIC YIELD BETWEEN CENTRIFUGED METHOD OF CYTOLOGY AND CELL BLOCK TECHNIQUE
Authors: Harish Dr. C.Venkata , Spandana Dr. B. , Bhanumathi Dr. B.
Published: June 2019

Cytological examination of serous fluids is of paramount importance in disease diagnosis. Cell blocks are particularly useful when the cytological abnormalities are misleading, such as in reactive mesothelial cells or obscure as in occasional well differentiated adenocarcinoma. In the present study, these methods are applied to pleural and peritoneal fluids to conclude the diagnosis as inflammatory, benign or malignant lesion. A sample of 110 fluids obtained during August 2011 to August 2012 in the Department of Pathology, Narayana Medical College, Nellore. Out of 110, 76 (69%) are pleural and 34 (31%) were peritoneal samples. Men were 56.4% and women were 43.6% and the mean age of the study was 50.19 with a standard deviation of 14.81. Among 110 fluids 15 were clinically diagnosed as malignant effusions. Out of which 11 were reported as positive for malignant cells and 4 cases were negative. 3 cases were reported as positive for malignant cells in which they were clinically not diagnosed. Out of 110 cases, 12 were reported as positive for malignant cells by smear whereas 14 cases were reported as positive for malignant cells by cell block. The diagnostic yield is increased by cell block technique. The cell block technique not only increased the positive results, but also helped to demonstrate better architectural patterns which could be of great help in approaching the correct diagnosis of the primary site.

Keywords: Cell Block Technique, Cytospin smear, Diagnostic Yield, Adeno carcinoma
DIETARY DIVERSITY AMONG WOMEN IN THE REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP IN URBAN FIELD PRACTICE AREA, VIMSAR, BURLA
Authors: Panda Dr. Smita Kumari , Lakra Dr. Kulwant , Panda Dr. Sadhu Charan
Published: June 2019

One of the problems among Women of Reproductive Age (WRA) group has been lack of effective programs whose benefits are not reaching WRA group. Another problem is the prevalence of monotonous diet based on starchy staple food, which lacks essential micronutrients and contribute to the burden of malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency. The objectives of the study was to assess household dietary diversity and nutritional status of non-pregnant non-lactating women of reproductive age in urban field practice area in Burla as a way of comparing food security situation. It was a cross sectional study. Data were collected from urban field practice area in Burla and were analysed to assess the dietary diversity among “women of reproductive age (WRA)” group. One third (about 29%) of them was malnourished. On application of logistic regression, those aged ≥25years had better odds of having Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) score of 5 and above (OR=1.777). Subjects with BMI range ≥21.5 Kg/mt2 also had better odds of having MDD score of 5 and above (OR=3.371). Women of reproductive age are nutritionally more vulnerable because of pregnancy, lactation and menstruation requiring nutrient dense quality food. Monotonous diet based on starchy staple lacks essential micronutrients and contribute to the burden of malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency. Intake of diverse diet is a cost effective strategy to overcome this problem. From our survey we conclude that more than half of WRA failed to achieve MDD. Based on findings, Information Education and Communication (IEC) activities are recommended with an emphasis on locally available, low-cost nutrition diet.

Keywords: Minimum Dietary Diversity, Women of Reproductive Age, Micronutrients
HYDROQUINONE: A novel growth inhibitor and apoptosis inducer in U-251 MG CELLS
Authors: Kwatra Bharat
Published: June 2019

In design of new CNS drugs, profound and selective cytotoxicity, penetration through the blood brain barrier along with lack of neurotoxic effects coupled with no side effects in humans at a dose of 3 mg/kg administered actually make the avarol chemical scaffold (Figure 1) an ideal candidate [1]. This study aimed to screen in vitro structure-activity relationship (along with selectivity) using avarol (followed by its structural elements) and the human malignant glioma U-251 MG cells
A STUDY OF CONCERNS, COPING SKILLS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: P Dr. Anil Kumar , Dudala Dr. Shankar Reddy
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Women with breast cancer experience problems in multiple aspects of their lives, but applying effective strategies can result in enhancing their quality of life and their psychosocial adaptation to the disease. However, there is little information about the strategies that women use to cope with complications associated with their experiences following a breast cancer diagnosis.

Material and Methods: The study was done in department of Medical oncology at Shirdi Saibaba cancer hospital and research centre, Kasturba hospital, Manipal. The study period is from November 2009 to February 2010. Results: 30 study subjects were selected for the study. Majority of the study subjects were in 41-50 age group.

Keywords: Breast cancer, Coping mechanisms, Concerns, Anxiety, Depression
SLEEP ASSESSMENT AND PERCEIVED STRESS AMONGST MEDICAL POSTGRADUATE RESIDENTS
Authors: Ajgaonkar Jay Rajesh , Bidikar Mukta Pritam
Published: June 2019

Background: Medical graduates who enter into residency programmes form the backbone of the healthcare delivery system of the country. They are often expected to work for long hours which leads to sleep deprivation and increase in the perceived stress levels. Chronic sleep deprivation leads to destruction of sleep architecture. It may also compromise patient care. We examine the relationship between these two variables through this study.

Material and methods: 50 resident doctors from different specialties of medicine were administered three validated questionnaires: the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Cohen’s perceived stress scale (PSS-10) to assess the daytime sleepiness, sleep quality and perceived stress levels respectively.

Result: A total of 56% residents reported greater than average scores on the ESS (Mean score=11.02 + 5.5161, Range= 1-24). On the PSQI, 78% residents reported poor sleep quality (Mean score=6.98 + 3.146, range= 0-15) whereas on the PSS-10, 84% of the residents reported moderate to high levels of perceived stress (Mean score=19.16+7.138, range=3-37). Significant correlation was found between ESS and CPSS (Pearson coefficient=0.4738, p<0.01) as well as PSQI and CPSS (Pearson coefficient=0.3024, p<0.05). It is hypothesised that there is a causal relationship between daytime sleepiness perceived stress levels as well as sleep quality and perceived stress levels.

KEYWORDS: Sleep deprivation, Perceived stress, Stress levels, Epworth Sleepiness scale, sleep quality.