bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction and evaluation of two computational models for predicting the incidence of influenza in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan
Authors: He Fei , Hu Zhi-jian , Zhang Wen-chang , Cai Lin , Cai Guo-xi , Aoyagi Kiyoshi
Published: July 2017

It remains challenging to forecast local, seasonal outbreaks of influenza. The goal of this study was to construct a computational model for predicting influenza incidence. We built two computational models including an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and a hybrid model integrating ARDL with a Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN), to assess meteorological factors associated with temporal trends in influenza incidence. The modelling and forecasting performance of these two models were compared using observations collected between 2006 and 2015 in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. In both the training and forecasting stages, the hybrid model showed lower error rates, including a lower residual mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) than the ARDL model. The lag of log-incidence, weekly average barometric pressure, and weekly average of air temperature were 4, 1, and 3, respectively in the ARDL model. The ARDL-GRNN hybrid model can serve as a tool to better understand the characteristics of influenza epidemic, and facilitate their prevention and control.
RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine Efficacy is Not Modified by Seasonal Precipitation: Results from a Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trial in Malawi
Authors: Han Larry , Hudgens Michael G. , Emch Michael E. , Juliano Jonathan J. , Keeler Corinna , Martinson Francis , Kamthunzi Portia , Tegha Gerald , Lievens Marc , Hoffman Irving F.
Published: July 2017

The World Health Organization has selected Malawi as one of three sites to pilot the roll-out of RTS,S/AS01 in phase 4 trials. As policy discussions for the expanded use of RTS,S/AS01 continue, it will be critical to determine the performance of the vaccine according to seasonal patterns of malaria transmission in regions of Africa. Given waning vaccine efficacy over time, this secondary analysis demonstrates that administering the vaccine to children in the months prior to malaria season could maximize impact of the vaccine. We followed children (5–17 months) and infants (6–12 weeks) assigned to one of three groups: (1) vaccine with four doses; (2) vaccine with three doses; (3) control. The primary endpoint was defined as episodes of clinical malaria. During the 4-years of follow-up, 658 of 1544 (42.6%) children and infants had at least one episode of clinical malaria. With each 1-inch increase in rainfall per month there was an associated increase in the rate of malaria by 12.6% (95% CI 9.6%, 15.6%, P < 0.0001) among children and 15.9% (95% CI 12.8%, 18.9%, P < 0.0001) among infants. There was no evidence of effect modification of vaccine efficacy by precipitation (89% power).
MiR-23-TrxR1 as a novel molecular axis in skeletal muscle differentiation
Authors: Mercatelli Neri , Fittipaldi Simona , De Paola Elisa , Dimauro Ivan , Paronetto Maria Paola , Jackson Malcolm J. , Caporossi Daniela
Published: July 2017

Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) is a selenocysteine-containing protein involved in cellular redox homeostasis which is downregulated in skeletal muscle differentiation. Here we show that TrxR1 decrease occurring during myogenesis is functionally involved in the coordination of this cellular process. Indeed, TrxR1 depletion reduces myoblasts growth by inducing an early myogenesis -related gene expression pattern which includes myogenin and Myf5 up-regulation and Cyclin D1 decrease. On the contrary, the overexpression of TrxR1 during differentiation delays myogenic process, by negatively affecting the expression of Myogenin and MyHC. Moreover, we found that miR-23a and miR-23b - whose expression was increased in the early stage of C2C12 differentiation - are involved in the regulation of TrxR1 expression through their direct binding to the 3′ UTR of TrxR1 mRNA. Interestingly, the forced inhibition of miR-23a and miR-23b during C2C12 differentiation partially rescues TrxR1 levels and delays the expression of myogenic markers, suggesting the involvement of miR-23 in myogenesis via TrxR1 repression. Taken together, our results depict for the first time a novel molecular axis, which functionally acts in skeletal muscle differentiation through the modulation of TrxR1 by miR-23.
Graphene Oxide Foam Supported Titanium(IV): Recoverable Heterogeneous Catalyst for Efficient, Selective Oxidation of Arylalkyl Sulfides to Sulfoxides Under Mild Conditions
Authors: Wang Qinghe , Ma Wenxi , Tong Qiaolin , Du Guijie , Wang Jian , Zhang Meng , Jiang Hailun , Yang Huali , Liu Yongxiang , Cheng Maosheng
Published: July 2017

An efficient and environmentally friendly method was designed for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides with a recyclable, carbon-skeleton-based heterogeneous catalyst developed by titanium sulfate [Ti(SO4)2] mineralization on the surface of graphene oxide foam [Ti(SO4)2@GOF] by using 30 wt% H2O2 as oxidant. Several different substituted sulfides were examined to explore the scope of substrates of the selective oxidation. The excellent reusability and durability of Ti(SO4)2@GOF was demonstrated by recycling experiments and the catalyst was further applied in the preparation of pantoprazole sodium in a one-pot process.
Shape-dependent cellular toxicity on renal epithelial cells and stone risk of calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals
Authors: Sun Xin-Yuan , Ouyang Jian-Ming , Yu Kai
Published: July 2017

Renal epithelial cell injury causes crystal retention and leads to renal stone formation. However, the effects of crystal shape on cell injury and stone risk remain unclear. This study compared the cytotoxicity degrees of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystals having different shapes toward human kidney proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells to reveal the effect of crystal shape on cell injury and to elucidate the pathological mechanism of calcium oxalate kidney stones. The effects of exposure to cross-shaped (COD-CS), flower-like (COD-FL), bipyramid (COD-BD), and elongated–bipyramid (COD-EBD) COD crystals on HK-2 cells were investigated by examining the cell viability, cell membrane integrity, cell morphology change, intracellular reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), and apoptotic and/or necrotic rate. Crystals with large (100) faces (COD-EBD) and sharp edges (COD-CS) showed higher toxicity than COD-BD and COD-FL, respectively. COD crystal exposure caused cell membrane rupture, upregulated intracellular reactive oxygen, and decreased Δψm. This series of phenomena ultimately led to a high apoptotic rate and a low necrotic rate. Crystals with large active faces have a large contact area with epithelial cell surface, and crystals with sharp edges can easily scratch epithelial cells; these factors could promote crystal adhesion and aggregation, thus increasing stone risk.
Mucosal vaccination with pili from Group A Streptococcus expressed on Lactococcus lactis generates protective immune responses
Authors: Loh Jacelyn M. S. , Lorenz Natalie , Tsai Catherine J.-Y. , Khemlani Adrina Hema J. , Proft Thomas
Published: July 2017

The human pathogen Group A Streptococcus (GAS) produces pili that are involved in adhesion and colonisation of the host. These surface-exposed pili are immunogenic and therefore represent an attractive target for vaccine development. The pilus is encoded in the genomic region known as the fibronectin-collagen-T-antigen (FCT)-region, of which at least nine different types have been identified. In this study we investigate expressing two of the most common FCT-types (FCT-3 and FCT-4) in the food-grade bacteria Lactococcus lactis for use as a mucosal vaccine. We show that mucosally delivered L. lactis expressing GAS pili generates specific antibody responses in rabbits. Rabbit anti-pilus antibodies were shown to have both a neutralising effect on bacterial adhesion, and immunised rabbit antiserum was able to facilitate immune-mediated killing of bacteria via opsonophagocytosis. Furthermore, intranasal immunisation of mice improved clearance rates of GAS after nasopharyngeal challenge. These results demonstrate the potential for a novel, pilus-based vaccine to protect against GAS infections.
RAGE inhibition reduces acute lung injury in mice
Authors: Blondonnet Raiko , Audard Jules , Belville Corinne , Clairefond Gael , Lutz Jean , Bouvier Damien , Roszyk Laurence , Gross Christelle , Lavergne Marilyne , Fournet Marianne , Blanchon Loic , Vachias Caroline , Damon-Soubeyrand Christelle , Sapin Vincent , Constantin Jean-Michel , Jabaudon Matthieu
Published: July 2017

The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is involved in inflammatory response during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Growing body of evidence support strategies of RAGE inhibition in experimental lung injury, but its modalities and effects remain underinvestigated. Anesthetised C57BL/6JRj mice were divided in four groups; three of them underwent orotracheal instillation of acid and were treated with anti-RAGE monoclonal antibody (mAb) or recombinant soluble RAGE (sRAGE), acting as a decoy receptor. The fourth group served as a control. Lung injury was assessed by the analysis of blood gases, alveolar permeability, histology, AFC, and cytokines. Lung expression and distribution epithelial channels ENaC, Na,K-ATPase, and aquaporin (AQP)−5 were assessed. Treatment with either anti-RAGE mAb or sRAGE improved lung injury, arterial oxygenation and decreased alveolar inflammation in acid-injured animals. Anti-RAGE therapies were associated with restored AFC and increased lung expression of AQP-5 in alveolar cell. Blocking RAGE had potential therapeutic effects in a translational mouse model of ARDS, possibly through a decrease in alveolar type 1 epithelial cell injury as shown by restored AFC and lung AQP-5 expression. Further mechanistic studies are warranted to describe intracellular pathways that may control such effects of RAGE on lung epithelial injury and repair.
Circulating Tumour Cell Release after Cement Augmentation of Vertebral Metastases
Authors: Mohme Malte , Riethdorf Sabine , Dreimann Marc , Werner Stefan , Maire Cecile L. , Joosse Simon A. , Bludau Frederic , Mueller Volkmar , Neves Rui P. L. , Stoecklein Nikolas H. , Lamszus Katrin , Westphal Manfred , Pantel Klaus , Wikman Harriet , Eicker Sven O.
Published: July 2017

Cement augmentation via percutaneous vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty for treatment of spinal metastasis is a well-established treatment option. We assessed whether elevated intrametastatic pressure during cement augmentation results in an increased dissemination of tumour cells into the vascular circulation. We prospectively collected blood from patients with osteolytic spinal column metastases and analysed the prevalence of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) at three time-points: preoperatively, 20 minutes after cement augmentation, and 3–5 days postoperatively. Enrolling 21 patients, including 13 breast- (61.9%), 5 lung- (23.8%), and one (4.8%) colorectal-, renal-, and prostate-carcinoma patient each, we demonstrate a significant 1.8-fold increase of EpCAM+/K+ CTCs in samples taken 20 minutes post-cement augmentation (P < 0.0001). Despite increased mechanical CTC dissemination due to cement augmentation, follow-up blood draws demonstrated that no long-term increase of CTCs was present. Array-CGH analysis revealed a specific profile of the CTC collected 20 minutes after cement augmentation. This is the first study to report that peripheral CTCs are temporarily increased due to vertebral cement augmentation procedures. Our findings provide a rationale for the development of new prophylactic strategies to reduce the increased release of CTC after cement augmentation of osteolytic spinal metastases.
Localized states and quantum effect of photo-generated carriers in photovoltaic system
Authors: Huang Wei-Qi , Liu Shi-Rong , Huang Zhong-Mei , Wu Xue-Ke , Qin Chao-Jian
Published: July 2017

We have fabricated the multiple nanolayers impuritied on silicon pillars for Si solar cells to pick up photons in ultraviolet and infrared region of solar spectra, in which the localized states originated from nanosilicon doped with oxygen are built to avoid Auger recombination, and some interesting quantum phenomena in the localized states have been observed. The quantum effect of photo-generated carriers has been observed in I-V curve measurement on the photovoltaic sample prepared in oxygen by using nanosecond pulsed laser. More interesting, the twin states of quantum vibration are measured in the localized states originated from the impuritied nanosilicon, which provides a stable reservoir for electrons in the photovaltaic system. It should be noted that the amplitude change of the quantum vibration occurs under magnetic field with 0.33T on the sample prepared in oxygen, owing to the electron spin in the localized states. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra measured from 300 nm to 1700 nm exhibit the localized states in various regions in the photovoltaic system, in which the electrons can stand in the localized states with longer lifetime to be uneasy into Auger recombination.
Strong coupling and vortexes assisted slow light in plasmonic chain-SOI waveguide systems
Authors: Magno Giovanni , Fevrier Mickael , Gogol Philippe , Aassime Abdelhanin , Bondi Alexandre , Mégy Robert , Dagens Béatrice
Published: July 2017

A strong coupling regime is demonstrated at near infrared between metallic nanoparticle chains (MNP), supporting localized surface plasmons (LSP), and dielectric waveguides (DWGs) having different core materials. MNP chains are deposited on the top of these waveguides in such a way that the two guiding structures are in direct contact with each other. The strong coupling regime implies (i) a strong interpenetration of the bare modes forming two distinct supermodes and (ii) a large power overlap up to the impossibility to distinguish the power quota inside each bare structure. Additionally, since the system involves LSPs, (i) such a strong coupling occurs on a broad band and (ii) the peculiar vortex-like propagation mechanism of the optical power, supported by the MNP chain, leads to a regime where the light is slowed down over a wide wavelength range. Finally, the strong coupling allows the formation of guided supermodes in regions where the bare modes cannot be both guided at the same time. In other words, very high k modes can then be propagated in a dielectric photonic circuit thanks to hybridisation, leading to extremely concentrated propagating wave. Experimental work gives indirect proof of strong coupling regime whatever the waveguide core indexes.
A Sustainable Nanocomposite Au(Salen)@CC for Catalytic Degradation of Eosin Y and Chromotrope 2R Dyes
Authors: Mayani Vishal J. , Mayani Suranjana V. , Kim Sang Wook
Published: July 2017

Up to now, a very few catalysts have been developed approaching the heterogeneous catalytic degradation of Eosin Y and Chromotrope 2R dyes (Acid Red 29). The present study provides a complete perspective of recyclable nanocomposite Au(Salen)@CC for catalytic degradation of hazardous water pollutant dyes viz., Eosin Y & Chromotrope 2R using mild reaction conditions. New gold Salen complex doped carbon nanocomposite Au(Salen)@CC was developed by easy methodology using nano carbon cage (CC) prepared from low-priced Pyrolysis fuel oil (PFO) residue based Pitch. The UV-Vis adsorption spectroscopy results of Eosin Y and Chromotrope 2R dyes indicated complete degradation into acidic compounds which can be further mineralized to CO2 and H2O under mild reaction conditions. The heterogeneous catalyst recycled and reused successfully for four repeated experiments without loss in its adequate performance. This new sustainable and eco-friendly catalyst delivered significant degradation activity compared to existing reports and it can be further utilized for new multifunctional applications such as, radiopharmaceutical activities, heterogeneous catalysis and chiral resolution.
High power and low critical current density spin transfer torque nano-oscillators using MgO barriers with intermediate thickness
Authors: Costa J. D. , Serrano-Guisan S. , Lacoste B. , Jenkins A. S. , Böhnert T. , Tarequzzaman M. , Borme J. , Deepak F. L. , Paz E. , Ventura J. , Ferreira R. , Freitas P. P.
Published: July 2017

Reported steady-state microwave emission in magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ)-based spin transfer torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) relies mostly on very thin insulating barriers [resulting in a resistance × area product (R × A) of ~1 Ωμm2] that can sustain large current densities and thus trigger large orbit magnetic dynamics. Apart from the low R × A requirement, the role of the tunnel barrier in the dynamics has so far been largely overlooked, in comparison to the magnetic configuration of STNOs. In this report, STNOs with an in-plane magnetized homogeneous free layer configuration are used to probe the role of the tunnel barrier in the dynamics. In this type of STNOs, the RF modes are in the GHz region with integrated matched output powers (P
out
) in the range of 1–40 nW. Here, P
o
u
t
values up to 200 nW are reported using thicker insulating barriers for junctions with R × A values ranging from 7.5 to 12.5 Ωμm2, without compromising the ability to trigger self-sustained oscillations and without any noticeable degradation of the signal linewidth (Γ). Furthermore, a decrease of two orders of magnitude in the critical current density for spin transfer torque induced dynamics (J
STT
) was observed, without any further change in the magnetic configuration.
In silico model of the human ClC-Kb chloride channel: pore mapping, biostructural pathology and drug screening
Authors: Louet Maxime , Bitam Sara , Bakouh Naziha , Bignon Yohan , Planelles Gabrielle , Lagorce David , Miteva Maria A. , Eladari Dominique , Teulon Jacques , Villoutreix Bruno O.
Published: July 2017

The human ClC-Kb channel plays a key role in exporting chloride ions from the cytosol and is known to be involved in Bartter syndrome type 3 when its permeation capacity is decreased. The ClC-Kb channel has been recently proposed as a potential therapeutic target to treat hypertension. In order to gain new insights into the sequence-structure-function relationships of this channel, to investigate possible impacts of amino-acid substitutions, and to design novel inhibitors, we first built a structural model of the human ClC-Kb channel using comparative modeling strategies. We combined in silico and in vitro techniques to analyze amino acids involved in the chloride ion pathway as well as to rationalize the possible role of several clinically observed mutations leading to the Bartter syndrome type 3. Virtual screening and drug repositioning computations were then carried out. We identified six novel molecules, including 2 approved drugs, diflusinal and loperamide, with Kd values in the low micromolar range, that block the human ClC-Kb channel and that could be used as starting point to design novel chemical probes for this potential therapeutic target.
Spiegelmers as potential receptors for cTnI diagnostics
Authors: Szeitner Zsuzsanna , Doleschall Anna , Varga Marina , Keltai Katalin , Révész Katalin , Gyurcsányi Róbert E. , Mészáros Tamás
Published: July 2017

We demonstrate the first application of a nuclease resistant aptamer, the so-called Spiegelmer, in a sandwich-type affinity assay by quantitative assessment of cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) in blood serum samples.
An atypical interaction explains the high-affinity of a non-hydrolyzable S-linked 1,6-α-mannanase inhibitor
Authors: Belz Tyson , Jin Yi , Coines Joan , Rovira Carme , Davies Gideon J. , Williams Spencer J.
Published: July 2017

The non-hydrolyzable S-linked azasugar 1,6-α-mannobiosylthioisofagomine effects potent inhibition ofBacillus circulansfamily 76endo-1,6-α-mannanase through an atypical interaction involving the acid/base residue of the enzyme.
Increase of electrodeposited catalyst stability via plasma grown vertically oriented graphene nanoparticle movement restriction
Authors: Vanrenterghem Bart , Hodnik Nejc , Bele Marjan , Šala Martin , Amelinckx Giovanni , Neukermans Sander , Zaplotnik Rok , Primc Gregor , Mozetič Miran , Breugelmans Tom
Published: July 2017

This work describes a general approach to prevent coalescence/agglomeration of metallic nanoparticles for the reductive cleavage of organic halides (RX).
Stimuli-responsive NLO properties of tetrathiafulvalene-fused donor–acceptor chromophores
Authors: Cariati E. , Liu X. , Geng Y. , Forni A. , Lucenti E. , Righetto S. , Decurtins S. , Liu S.-X.
Published: July 2017

Tetrathiafulvalene-fused electron donor–acceptor dyads display second order nonlinear optical properties that can be triggered by a pH or a redox stimulus.
MnCo2O4film composed of nanoplates: synthesis, characterization and its superior catalytic performance in the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane
Authors: Liu Quanbing , Zhang Shengjie , Liao Jinyun , Huang Xuemiao , Zheng Yuying , Li Hao
Published: July 2017

MnCo2O4film composed of nanoplates as an active and reusable catalyst towards the hydrolysis of ammonia borane for hydrogen production.
Novel synthesis of magnetic, porous C/ZnFe2O4 photocatalyst with enhanced activity under visible light based on the Fenton-like reaction
Authors: Wang Fangxiao , Chen Yanglin , Zhu Rongshu , Sun Jianmin
Published: July 2017

Magnetic, porous C/ZnFe2O4 with highly visible-light activity in presence of H2O2 was one-pot fabricated through CO2-mediated route.
Sequestration of Pb–Zn–Sb- and As-bearing incidental nanoparticles by mineral surface coatings and mineralized organic matter in soils
Authors: Schindler Michael , Hochella Michael F.
Published: July 2017

Nanoparticles often play significant roles in dictating the transport, distribution, bioavailability and toxicity of contaminants in the environment.
A study of glycaemic effects following acute anthocyanin-rich blueberry supplementation in healthy young adults
Authors: Bell L. , Lamport D. J. , Butler L. T. , Williams C. M.
Published: July 2017

The postprandial response to ingested carbohydrate is recognised as a marker of metabolic health, and is altered favourably by the consumption of anthocyanin-rich wild blueberry.
The effect of room temperature ionic liquids on the selective biocatalytic hydrolysis of chitin via sequential or simultaneous strategies
Authors: Husson E. , Hadad C. , Huet G. , Laclef S. , Lesur D. , Lambertyn V. , Jamali A. , Gottis S. , Sarazin C. , Nguyen Van Nhien A.
Published: July 2017

N-Acetylglucosamine and N,N′-diacetylchitobiose are efficiently and selectively produced from chitin biomass by using RTILs and chitinases.
2,5-Hexanedione induces autophagic death of VSC4.1 cells via a PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway
Authors: Guan Huai , Piao Hua , Qian Zhiqiang , Zhou Xueying , Sun Yijie , Gao Chenxue , Li Shuangyue , Piao Fengyuan
Published: July 2017

2,5-Hexanedione (HD) is an important bioactive metabolite ofn-hexane, which mediates the neurotoxicity of the parent compound.
A convenient, efficient and reusable N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(ii) based catalyst supported on magnetite for Suzuki–Miyaura and Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reactions
Authors: Kandathil Vishal , Fahlman Bradley D. , Sasidhar B. S. , Patil Shivaputra A. , Patil Siddappa A.
Published: July 2017

In the present work, a new magnetic nanoparticle supported N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(ii) (NO2-NHC-Pd@Fe3O4) nanomagnetic catalyst was synthesized by a facile multistep synthesis under aerobic conditions.
Scientific investigation of the lacquered wooden coffin of Xiang Fei excavated from Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty
Authors: Hao Xinying , Wu Hao , Zhao Yang , Tong Tong , Li Xiaoyuan , Yang Cui , Tang Yun , Shen Xinyu , Liu Shinian , Tong Hua
Published: July 2017

The composition, structure, and lacquering craft used to manufacture the coffin of Xiang Fei were analyzed using multiple analytical methods.
Ultra-sensitive DNA sensing of a prostate-specific antigen based on 2D nanosheets in live cells
Authors: Dhenadhayalan Namasivayam , Yadav Kanchan , Sriram Muthu Irulappan , Lee Hsin-Lung , Lin King-Chuen
Published: July 2017

Herein, we report ultra-sensitive sensing of a prostate-specific antigen (PSA), which is used as a biomarker to detect prostate cancer, using a molybdenum series (MoO3, MoS2, and MoSe2) of two-dimensional nanosheets (2D NSs).
pH-Responsive prodrug nanoparticles based on a sodium alginate derivative for selective co-release of doxorubicin and curcumin into tumor cells
Authors: Gao Cheng , Tang Fan , Gong Guiyi , Zhang Jianxiang , Hoi Maggie P. M. , Lee Simon M. Y. , Wang Ruibing
Published: July 2017

A pH-sensitive prodrug nanoparticle demonstrated the selective co-delivery of doxorubicin and curcumin into cancer cells with much improved efficacy and safety profile.
A dual modal silver bumpy nanoprobe for photoacoustic imaging and SERS multiplexed identification of in vivo lymph nodes
Authors: Cha Myeong Geun , Lee Seunghyun , Park Sungjo , Kang Homan , Lee Sung Gun , Jeong Cheolhwan , Lee Yoon-Sik , Kim Chulhong , Jeong Dae Hong
Published: July 2017

Overall photographs ofin vivoPA imaging and multiplexed detection using SERS with silver bumpy nanoshells (AgNS@SiO2).
Phonon-glass electron-crystals in ZnO-multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites
Authors: Nam Woo Hyun , Kim Bo Bae , Lim Young Soo , Dae Kyun Seong , Seo Won-Seon , Park Hyung-Ho , Lee Jeong Yong
Published: July 2017

A new route for realizing ‘phonon-glass electron-crystals’ through a hybrid strategy using carbon nanotubes is proposed.
Stabilization of novel high temperature phase yellow-emitting σ-type (Ba1−x−yEuxMgy)2P2O7 phosphors using a melt synthesis technique
Authors: Nakagawa H. , Kim S. W. , Hasegawa T. , Hasegawa S. , Ishigaki T. , Uematsu K. , Toda K. , Takaba H. , Sato M.
Published: July 2017

Novel high-temperature phase σ-type (Ba1−x−yEuxMgy)2P2O7 phosphors were synthesized for the first time by a melt synthesis technique using an arc-imaging furnace.
Synthesis of anisotropic silica colloids
Authors: Yu Qiyu , Wang Kun , Zhang Jing , Liu Mingyang , Liu Yuanyuan , Cheng Chao
Published: July 2017

Morphological evolution of tadpole-like hollow silica particles, and corresponding TEM images of typical intermediate and final products.
Comparative bone regeneration study of hardystonite and hydroxyapatite as filler in critical-sized defect of rat calvaria
Authors: Khanna Kunal , Jaiswal Amit , Dhumal Rohit V. , Selkar Nilakash , Chaudhari Pradip , Soni Vivek P. , Vanage Geeta R. , Bellare Jayesh
Published: July 2017

Bone grafts made from nanofibrous polycaprolactone loaded with bone-mimicking ceramic hydroxyapatite or hardystonite showed efficient bone healing in anin vivorat skull defect model.
Assembly line synthesis of isoprene from formaldehyde and isobutene over SiO2-supported MoP catalysts with active deposited carbon
Authors: Qi Yanlong , Cui Long , Dai Quanquan , Li Yunqi , Bai Chenxi
Published: July 2017

Isoprene was synthesized over MoP catalysts with active carbonaceous deposits in an “assembly line” process.
Tribological properties of lanthanum perrhenate as lubricating additive over a wide temperature range
Authors: Wang Junhai , Zhang Lixiu , Li Ting , Zhang Ke , Lu Bing
Published: July 2017

The base oil containing lanthanum perrhenate compound could be employed as a potential candidate to achieve lubricating function over a wide temperature range.
Crystallinity depends on choice of iron salt precursor in the continuous hydrothermal synthesis of Fe–Co oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Jian , Römer Isabella , Tang Selina Vi Yu , Valsami-Jones Eugenia , Palmer Richard E.
Published: July 2017

A series of Fe–Co oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by a continuous hydrothermal method using iron nitrate and ammonium iron citrate as alternative iron precursors.
In situ synthesis and electromagnetic wave absorbing properties of sandwich microstructured graphene/La-doped barium ferrite nanocomposite
Authors: Zhao Tingkai , Jin Wenbo , Wang Yixue , Ji Xianglin , Yan Huibo , Xiong Chuanyin , Lou Xufei , Dang Alei , Li Hao , Li Tiehu
Published: July 2017

The development of high reflection loss and broad frequency bandwidth for electromagnetic wave absorbing materials has been pursued for a long time.
Facile synthesis of novel hybrid POSS biomolecules via “Click” reactions
Authors: El Aziz Youssef , Mehrban Nazia , Taylor Peter G. , Birchall Martin A. , Bowen James , Bassindale Alan R. , Pitak Mateusz B. , Coles Simon J.
Published: July 2017

A novel alkyne-terminated cubic-octameric POSS was synthesised in high yield and click chemistry has been used to attach bio-oligomers.
Domain swelling in ARB-type triblock copolymers via self-adjusting effective dispersity
Authors: Woo Sanghoon , Shin Tae Joo , Choe Youngson , Lee Heon , Huh June , Bang Joona
Published: July 2017

Introduction of short random blocks in the BCP junction leads to a reduction in the elastic energy of BCP chains and an increase in domain spacing.
Hollow bimetallic cobalt-based selenide polyhedrons derived from metal–organic framework: an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting
Authors: Wang Xiang , Li Feng , Li Wenzhu , Gao Wenbing , Tang Yu , Li Rong
Published: July 2017

Hollow bimetallic cobalt-based selenide polyhedrons MxCo1−xSe2 were successfully synthesized by a simple solvothermal strategy using bimetallic MOFs as template. This catalyst exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance for overall water splitting.
Nitrogen doped NiS2 nanoarrays with enhanced electrocatalytic activity for water oxidation
Authors: Hao Jinhui , Yang Wenshu , Hou Jianwen , Mao Baodong , Huang Zhipeng , Shi Weidong
Published: July 2017

A general approach to synthesize N doped NiS2 using NH3·H2O as the N source is presented. N doping is beneficial for the excitation of the adjacent Ni atoms, forming well-defined electronic configurations, and reducing the ΔG of the intermediate adsorption for the OER.
A freestanding and flexible nitrogen-doped carbon foam/sulfur cathode composited with reduced graphene oxide for high sulfur loading lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Xiang Mingwu , Yang Li , Zheng Yifeng , Huang Ju , Jing Peng , Wu Hao , Zhang Yun , Liu Heng
Published: July 2017

Lithium–sulfur batteries have been considered to be the most promising candidate for next-generation chemical energy-storage technologies due to their high energy density and low cost.
Fabrication of high-performance and low-hysteresis lead halide perovskite solar cells by utilizing a versatile alcohol-soluble bispyridinium salt as an efficient cathode modifier
Authors: Chen Guiting , Zhang Fan , Liu Meiyue , Song Jun , Lian Jiarong , Zeng Pengju , Yip Hin-Lap , Yang Wei , Zhang Bin , Cao Yong
Published: July 2017

A novel bispyridinium salt (FPyBr) is designed as a cathode modifier to achieve high-performance and low-hysteresis fullerene/perovskite solar cells with a maximal PCE of 19.61%.
Ball-milling synthesis of Co2P nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen doped hollow carbon rods as efficient electrocatalysts
Authors: Wang Haitao , Wang Wei , Xu Yang Yang , Asif Muhammad , Liu Hongfang , Xia Bao Yu
Published: July 2017

A tri-functional electrocatalyst based on Co2P encapsulated in N-doped hollow carbon rods is skilfully prepared by ball-milling and subsequent annealing.
Trifunctional NiO–Ag–NiO electrodes for ITO-free electrochromic supercapacitors
Authors: Dong Wenjie , Lv Ying , Zhang Nan , Xiao Lili , Fan Yi , Liu Xingyuan
Published: July 2017

Transparent ITO-free NiO–Ag–NiO electrode successfully combines excellent electrochromic and supercapacitive properties simultaneously.
Novel targeted therapies for cancer cachexia
Authors: Argilés Josep M. , López-Soriano Francisco Javier , Stemmler Britta , Busquets Sílvia
Published: July 2017

Anorexia and metabolic alterations are the main components of the cachectic syndrome. Glucose intolerance, fat depletion, muscle protein catabolism and other alterations are involved in the development of cancer cachexia, a multi-organ syndrome. Nutritional approach strategies are not satisfactory in reversing the cachectic syndrome. The aim of the present review is to deal with the recent therapeutic targeted approaches that have been designed to fight and counteract wasting in cancer patients. Indeed, some promising targeted therapeutic approaches include ghrelin agonists, selective androgen receptor agonists, β-blockers and antimyostatin peptides. However, a multi-targeted approach seems absolutely essential to treat patients affected by cancer cachexia. This approach should not only involve combinations of drugs but also nutrition and an adequate program of physical exercise, factors that may lead to a synergy, essential to overcome the syndrome. This may efficiently reverse the metabolic changes described above and, at the same time, ameliorate the anorexia. Defining this therapeutic combination of drugs/nutrients/exercise is an exciting project that will stimulate many scientific efforts. Other aspects that will, no doubt, be very important for successful treatment of cancer wasting will be an optimized design of future clinical trials, together with a protocol for staging cancer patients in relation to their degree of cachexia. This will permit that nutritional/metabolic/pharmacological support can be started early in the course of the disease, before severe weight loss occurs. Indeed, timing is crucial and has to be taken very seriously when applying the therapeutic approach.
Design of microstrip wide stopband lowpass filter with lumped equivalent circuit
Authors: Sheikhi A. , Alipour A. , Hemesi H.
Published: July 2017

A microstrip lowpass filter using stepped impedance resonator hexangular unit is presented. The proposed lowpass filter (LPF) has some appropriate features such as compact size, low insertion loss and wide stopband. The LPF has cut‐off frequency at 2.8 GHz and stopband bandwidth from 3.15 up to 25.5 GHz with attenuation level better than −20 dB. Also, it has in‐band insertion loss <0.1 dB and return loss better than 16.5 dB. Simulated and measured results are presented and relatively good agreement between them has been obtained.
Energy harvesting discontinuous reception (DRX) mechanism in wireless powered cellular networks
Authors: Lee Mingyu , Lee Tae‐Jin
Published: July 2017

The energy harvesting paradigm enables the design of new wireless powered cellular networks (WPCNs) for the Internet‐of‐Things (IoT). In a WPCN, if the harvested energy is larger than the consumed energy, an IoT device may utilise the surplus harvested energy to extend the battery lifetime or to enhance the performance. Otherwise, a power saving mechanism is utilised as in traditional wireless cellular networks. In long‐term evolution (LTE) systems, the discontinuous reception (DRX) mechanism has been adopted to save the power consumption of user equipments (UEs). However, the wakeup delay increases as the amount of the saved energy increases, and the optimisation for the DRX mechanism is required. In this study, the authors propose a novel energy harvesting DRX (EH‐DRX) mechanism to minimise the wakeup delay in WPCNs. In the authors' proposed EH‐DRX mechanism, an IoT device utilises the harvested energy to minimise the wakeup delay. Then they provide an optimisation algorithm to allocate the DRX parameters by utilising the harvesting capability of IoT devices. The optimisation algorithm is based on the analytical model for the proposed EH‐DRX mechanism. Analysis and simulations indicate that the proposed EH‐DRX mechanism reduces the wakeup delay compared to the traditional DRX mechanisms.
TRUDA: a truthful auction mechanism with non‐uniform payment for heterogeneous spectrum access in wireless networks
Authors: Zhang Yonglong , Li Bin , Qin Haiyan
Published: July 2017

Auction is a highly effective trading form for distributing resource among buyers in a market at competitive prices, and has been applied to many domains, e.g. spectrum allocation in wireless networks and the virtual machine allocation in cloud computing. Most of existing auction mechanisms based on McAfee double auction calculate the uniform clearing prices for winning buyers no matter what channel they acquired, which does not reflect the differences of buyers' personalised preferences for heterogeneous spectrums. Hence, in this paper, we propose a truthful double auction scheme, named TRUDA, which incorporates the marginal effect of buyer–seller pair into auction mechanism design and considers the case in which buyers are mutually exclusive. We show analytically that this auction mechanism guarantees the economic‐robustness of the auction and has polynomial time complexity.
Optimisation of cooperative spectrum sensing via optimal power allocation in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Ostovar Arash , Chang Zheng
Published: July 2017

To detect the presence of primary users, spectrum sensing is considered as one of the most important and basic functions of cognitive radio. To improve the detection probability in spectrum sensing, this study mainly investigates the effect of channel gain and signal‐to‐noise ratio to secondary users (SUs) cooperation in weighted combining energy detection. In particular, with the objective to maximise the detection probability, optimal linear combining weights are derived as well as optimal transmit power of each SUs for sensing data transmission from the SUs to the fusion centre. Simulation results indicate that the detection probability can be improved by the presented scheme and the performance of the proposed method outperforms some recent works detection.
Measurement and empirical modelling of root mean square delay spread in indoor femtocells scenarios
Authors: Yu Yu , Liu Yang , Lu Wen‐Jun , Zhu Hong‐Bo
Published: July 2017

A root mean square (RMS) delay spread model in indoor femtocell scenarios is proposed. The proposed model is based on extensive channel sounding of indoor stair, corridor and office environments. In this model, the RMS delay spread is described as a linear function of the path loss, and a normal stochastic variable is introduced and utilised to characterise the deviation of the measured RMS delay spread from the linear function. The proposed model can be used to simulate the RMS delay spread directly from extracted model parameters and the separation of the transmitting and receiving antennas. The closed‐form formulas for fast calculating the mean value and variance of the RMS delay spread using some deterministic values, including the femtocell coverage distance and the parameters of the proposed model, are derived. The validity of the proposed model is verified by comparing the cumulative distribution functions and the statistical values of the measured and simulated RMS delay spread.
Endovascular Stent Grafting in Posttraumatic Tibial Artery Pseudoaneurysms: Case Report
Authors: Pisharody Sadananda , Kannath Santhosh , Rajan Jayadevan
Published: July 2017

Infrapopliteal pseudoaneurysms are rare and usually occur secondary to trauma. Though there are no consensus regarding the management of the same, endovascular treatment has become an alternate option to open surgical management. In this report, we describe two cases of posttraumatic infrapopliteal pseudoaneurysms involving crural arteries. Both the cases were managed successfully with endovascular stent graft placement with complete exclusion of pseudoaneurysm. Our results show that endovascular stent grafting is a good alternative to open repair in infrapopliteal pseudoaneurysms, although long-term efficacy of this approach needs to be established.
Evolving Concepts in the Diagnosis and Management of May–Thurner Syndrome
Authors: Chamarthy Murthy , Sutphin Patrick , Anderson Matthew , Reddick Mark , Kalva Sanjeeva
Published: July 2017

May–Thurner syndrome is a common cause of left lower extremity venous thrombosis resulting from repetitive and dynamic compression of the left common iliac vein by the right common iliac artery, commonly seen in young to middle-aged women. The diagnosis requires high clinical suspicion. Computed tomography venography and magnetic resonance venography depict the extent of venous thrombosis and iliac venous compression in patients with underlying thrombotic and nonthrombotic pathologies, respectively. Contrast venography allows detection of acute and chronic thrombus, associated venous obstruction, and collaterals but is of limited value to evaluate the early venous wall abnormalities. Endovascular ultrasound is highly useful to detect early mural changes and accurately quantify venous narrowing. Endovascular intervention with balloon dilatation and stenting with or without pharmacomechanical thrombectomy followed by long-term anticoagulation is the preferred treatment with excellent technical and clinical outcomes. This review focuses on the current understanding of the pathology, clinical presentation, and endovascular management of May–Thurner syndrome.
Transjugular Liver Biopsy Following Orthotopic Whole Liver Transplantation: Challenges and Solutions. A Pictorial Essay
Authors: Kaufman Claire , Gaumond Jordana , Kaufman John
Published: July 2017

Rejection is a common problem after orthotopic liver transplant. The tissue is required for the rapid diagnosis of rejection. Many of these patients have contraindications to percutaneous liver biopsies. Transjugular liver biopsies in patients with liver transplants can be very challenging due to the modified venous anatomy. This article will review the different types of surgical venous anastomosis in patients with whole liver transplants as well as the challenges and techniques to overcome these and successfully perform a transjugular liver biopsy.
Utility of Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography for Delayed Intracranial In-Stent Stenosis in Nonatherosclerotic Cerebral Vascular Diseases
Authors: Kannath Santhosh , Rajan Jayadevan , Harsha Kamble
Published: July 2017

Noninvasive imaging modalities are being used for long-term follow-up of intracranial stented patients of nonatherosclerotic etiology. The aim of this study is to determine the utility of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) source images in delayed intracranial in-stent stenosis. A total of 18 stented patients for nonatherosclerotic etiology were reviewed; all had follow-up digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and CE- and time-of-flight (TOF)-MRA. Four sets of MR images (TOF-MRA reformatted images, TOF-MRA source images, CE-MRA reformatted images, and CE-MRA source images) were reviewed for detection of ≥ 50% stenosis. Accuracy of each image set was calculated comparing to DSA. Overall delayed in-stent stenosis during follow-up DSA was 10%. The sensitivity of TOF reformatted image, TOF source image, CE-MRA reformatted image, CE-MRA source image are 33% (6/18), 55.6% (10/18), 77.8% (14/18), and 100% (18/18), respectively, while negative predictive value are 14.3% (2/14), 20% (2/10), 33% (2/6), and 100% (2/2), respectively. CE-MRA source images are equally efficacious as DSA to detect significant (≥ 50%) delayed in-stent stenosis.
Percutaneous Fat Transfer to Treat Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms: Preliminary Results
Authors: Adriani Ezio , Moio Mariagrazia , Di Paola Berardino , Salustri Walter , Alfieri Andrea , Parisi Paola , Ruggiero Marco , Borab Zack , Carlesimo Bruno
Published: July 2017

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous aspirated and purified fat tissue injected percutaneously into the knee joint for the treatment of symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods We reviewed 30 patients, who received an autologous percutaneous fat injection for the treatment of knee OA, from January 2012 to March 2015. Mean patients' age was 63.3 ± 5.3 years (range, 50–80 years). Body mass index was 25.1 ± 1.7. Clinical evaluation was based on pain visual analog scale (VAS) and WOMAC score for functional and subjective assessment. We also noted the adverse reactions and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the posttreatment period.

Results All patients reported improvements with respect to pain: average VAS was 7.7 ± 1.2 at baseline, 5.2 ± 0.2 at 1-month follow-up, and 4.3 ± 1 at 3-month follow-up. A slight deterioration (5.0 ± 1.1) was evidenced at 1 year. Total WOMAC score was 89.9 ± 1.7 at baseline, 66.3 ± 1 at 1 month, 68.6 ± 1.7 at 3 months, and 73.2 ± 1.8 at 12 months of follow-up.

Conclusion Our preliminary findings suggest that autologous percutaneous fat injections are a valid treatment option for knee OA.

Level of Evidence Level IV, therapeutic case series.
Facial Defect Reconstruction with Scalp Skin Grafts
Authors: Voorman Matthew , Frodel John , Obourn Chelsea
Published: July 2017

The objective of this study is to demonstrate the benefits of scalp-based split-thickness skin grafts as a reconstructive modality for facial skin defects, noting advantages relative to traditional harvest sites. The study is presented as a case series with chart review set in a tertiary referral center. We reviewed the charts of patients with facial skin defects whose reconstruction required more skin than could be harvested with standard full-thickness skin grafting techniques and, accordingly, included a split-thickness skin graft from the adjacent scalp. Preoperative and postoperative photographs, along with operative and postoperative records, were used to evaluate final cosmetic results and complications. We reviewed 15 patients, with ages ranging from 6 to 90 years. Common indications were skin cancer resection, avulsive skin trauma, and ear reconstruction. While patients generally had good cosmetic outcomes, with excellent color matching relative to traditional distant donor sites, a major advantage of the scalp donor site was low donor-site morbidity. Scalp donor sites were commonly reepithelialized at 7 to 10 days postoperatively and had low reported pain scores. There were no major complications. Reconstruction of facial skin defects that require skin coverage with split-thickness skin grafts can optimally be harvested from adjacent scalp skin, providing adequate cosmesis but, perhaps most importantly, much lower donor-site morbidity than with traditional nonhair-bearing donor sites.
Nose and Identity
Authors: Huizing Egbert
Published: July 2017

This article explores the significance of the nose in daily human life. It presents examples of how a person's nose may dominate his/her life, how it is used as a nickname, considered an expression of his/her character, and may be a symbol of pride and wisdom. Also, examples from the literature and the arts are discussed. Cutting off the nose is the most severe humiliation as it deprives a person from his/her identity. In some cases in history the nose has been a means of identification.
Numerical Analysis of Nasal Breathing: A Pilot Study
Authors: Goubergrits Leonid , Heppt Werner , Zachow Stefan , Hildebrandt Thomas , Brüning Jan
Published: July 2017

Currently, there is no fully sufficient way to differentiate between symptomatic and normal nasal breathing. Using the nose's total resistance is disputed as a valid means to objectify nasal airflow, and the need for a more comprehensive diagnostic method is increasing. This work's aim was to test a novel approach considering intranasal wall shear stress (WSS) as well as static pressure maps obtained by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). X-ray computed tomography (CT) scan data of six symptom-free subjects and seven symptomatic patients were used. Patient-specific geometries of the nasal cavity were segmented from these datasets. Inspiratory and expiratory steady airflow simulations were performed using CFD. Calculated static pressures and WSSs were mapped onto a common template of the nasal septum, allowing for comparison of these parameters between the two patient groups. Significant differences in WSS distributions during the inspiratory phase could be identified between the two groups, whereas no differences were found for the expiratory phase. It is assumed that one essential feature of normal nasal breathing probably consists of distinctively different intranasal flow fields for inspiration and expiration. This is in accordance with previous investigations. The proposed method seems to be a promising tool for developing a new kind of patient-specific assessment of nasal breathing. However, more studies and a greater case number of data with an expanded focus would be ideal.