bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends of Hospital Care Services During COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Province 5
Authors: Lamichhane Basant
Published: July 2021

Introduction:  Health systems all around the globe have greatly been affected by the increasing demand for care of people with COVID-19. A well-prepared health system should have the capacity to maintain equitable essential health services in any pandemic or emergency. In this current scenario, this study aims to study the trends of hospital care services in one of the remote tertiary hospitals of province 5. The aim of the study was to assess the trends of various important health services along with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. 

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which data of the number of OPD cases, emergency cases, inpatients, deliveries, number of surgeries (major and minor), and the number of USG services were collected. Data of seven months prior to the onset of pandemic (August 15th, 2019 to March 15th, 2020) were compared with data of seven months following the onset of the pandemic (March 16th to October 16th, 2020) were recorded, compared, and plotted.

Results:  In regard to inpatients, there was an increment of 47.57%, the number of emergency cases increment by 41.90%, and the number of delivery increments by 94.70% was detected compared to seven months’ data prior to the onset of the pandemic.  On the other hand, a reduction in total OPD, total number of surgeries, and USG by 32.7 %, 13.04%, 5.26 % respectively were detected. Looking through the trend, there was a decline in the number of OPD visits, inpatient cases, and emergency cases initially for three months (March-May) following the onset of the pandemic but along with an upsurge of the COVID pandemic, there was a marked increase in these services.

Conclusions: The depiction of such trends of seeking and use of health services in resource-limited tertiary centers during this pandemic reflects the need of strengthening the overall health system. It also emphasizes the importance of the need of addressing non-COVID services during a pandemic, which was greatly affected by COVID-19.
Estado de las tendencias profesionales del Instrumentador Quirúrgico graduado de una Institución de Educación Superior de Colombia (IES)
Authors: Ferrucho Suárez Andrea Del Pilar , Cepeda Mónica Patricia , Ibáñez Pinilla Edgar Antonio , Paredes García Myriam Lesly
Published: July 2021

Introducción: los actuales desafíos del sector salud demandan profesionales más participativos y competitivos, por ende los programas académicos realizan el seguimiento a sus graduados con el fin de conocer la situación contextual, económica, laboral y académica. Esta información es un insumo que permite a la comunidad académica y al sector productivo y social conocer la pertinencia en términos curriculares y tendencias profesionales. Objetivo: identificar las tendencias profesionales del instrumentador quirúrgico graduado de la Universidad El Bosque en el periodo 2012-1 a 2019-1. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 274 egresados del programa de instrumentación quirúrgica (2012-1 a 2019-1) de una universidad en Bogotá, con una muestra de 251 egresados. Para la recolección de la información se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas, tendencias laborales y de formación posgradual o complementaria. Resultados: 90% corresponden al sexo femenino, 87.6% se encuentran laboralmente activos. El mayor porcentaje se encuentra en el área clínica (45.0%) y en la asesoría quirúrgica (32.3%), también han incursionado en otros campos como el comercial, administrativo, la docencia y la investigación, 15.0% continuaron su formación educativa. Conclusiones: se encuentra coherencia con el perfil del instrumentador quirúrgico que brinda la formación en este programa y los campos de desempeño identificados, es necesario que las instituciones de educación superior propongan estrategias que promuevan la formación posgradual en las diferentes modalidades existentes (presencial, virtual o combinadas).
Criminalisation of Possession of Narcotics in Poland
Authors: Banasik Katarzyna
Published: July 2021

The subject of this paper is the issue of the criminalisation of the possession of narcotics in Poland. Particular attention is paid to the institution of the optional termination of criminal proceedings in cases when the person who has committed the offence is in possession of an inconsiderable amount of narcotics for personal use. The aim of the study is, among other things, to demonstrate how this institution functions in practice and to examine whether the Polish regulations are compatible with the international and the European regulations. The author first presents a historical outline of the criminalisation of offences involving an unlawful possession of narcotics, and then develops the idea of what should be understood by ‘possession’ of narcotics while also addressing the issue of ‘possession of narcotics within one’s own body’. In the further section of the paper, the author analyses the notion of ‘an inconsiderable quantity of narcotics’, presenting views expressed in the literature and showing disparities in interpretations of this notion in the case law. In the final section, the author presents conclusions and an assessment of the current state of the relevant Polish legislation.
On Some Problems of Commercial Law in Ukraine
Authors: Romanovich Kovalyshyn Oleksandr
Published: July 2021

The paper is devoted to the disclosure of certain aspects of recodification in Ukraine, some existing problems of the Ukrainian commercial law as well as the conflict of norms between the Commercial Code of Ukraine and the Civil Code of Ukraine. In year 2020, the Concept of Civil Legislation Reform was adopted in Ukraine. The Concept of Civil Legislation Reform states that the systematic renewal of the Civil Code of Ukraine as a whole is possible only if the Commercial Code of Ukraine is repealed because the latter does not meet the parameters of the acts governing business relations which, by their nature, are primarily private. The presented study explains the current problems of the Ukrainian commercial law as well as civil law regulation of business relations for both: 1) the foreign scholars dealing with the civil law and commercial law; 2) the foreign investors (including investors from the European Union countries) who are already conducting economic activities in Ukraine or plan to invest in the Ukrainian economy. Special attention is given to such issues like the types of ownership, penalties for obligations, differences in legal capacity, difference of approaches to the system of legal entities, existence of some archaic legal forms of entrepreneurial activity, etc. The author emphasizes that undoubtedly the Commercial Code of Ukraine as well as the Civil Code of Ukraine need some updating. There is an urgent need to systematize the existing organizational and legal forms of legal entities and to renew the basics of civil law regulation in Ukraine. It is explained in the paper, while in most neighbouring jurisdictions steps are being taken to systematic update of the commercial codes (including expanding the scope of their legal regulations), in Ukraine steps are being taken to eliminate the commercial code. This seems completely unacceptable; it harms the legal regulation of business relations in Ukraine significantly and slows down the progressive development of the Ukraine’s economy. The analysis of the commercial codes abroad shows that there is no single approach to the list of legal constructions that should form the basis of the relevant code. All, without exception, codified acts of this type are characterized by the presence of special institutions that, from the point of foreign lawyer’s view or current trends in private law, may seem do not meet certain standards.
Penerapan Pembelajaran MEA (Means-End Analysis) Berbantuan Schoology Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika
Authors: Sudarman Satrio Wicaksono , Linuhung Nego
Published: July 2021

The low learning outcomes of students, because they have difficulty in solving the problems given, especially trigonometry material and the lack of interest of students in participating in the mathematics learning process. In addition, teachers and students have not utilized information technology optimally, so efforts are needed to improve student learning outcomes by applying MEA (Means-End Analysis) learning. The research subjects were all class VIII students of SMA Negeri 1 Pekalongan in the 2018/2019 academic year. Research sample is class XI b, which amounted to 22 students. The purpose of this classroom action research to determine the increase in learning outcomes of students who get the MEA (Means-End Analysis) learning model assisted by Schoology. Based on the results of the class action research conducted and the discussion that has been described, it can be concluded that the MEA (Means-End Analysis) learning model assisted by Schoology can improve the learning outcomes of class XI students of SMA Negeri 1 Pekalongan in the 2018/2019 Academic Year. Learning outcomes have increased from pre-survey to cycle I wherein the survey that is 31,82% to 45,45%, students who are thoroughly studied have increased by 13,63%. in cycle II the learning outcomes of students increased from Cycle I is 45,45% to 95,45%, students who have completed learning have increased by 50%.Keywords: learning MEA (Means-End Analysis), Schoology, learning outcomes
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Matematika Berbasis Daring Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah
Authors: Huda Irkham Abdaul , Astuti Suhandi
Published: July 2021

The objectives of this study are (1) to develop online-based mathematics teaching materials to improve problem-solving skills in distance learning in the pandemic era and (2) to determine the level of validation of the development of online-based mathematics teaching materials to improve problem-solving skills based on expert validation tests. This R&D research uses the ADDIE model which consists of analysis (analysis), design (planning), development (development), implementation (implementation), and evaluation (evaluation). However, the implementation in this research only reached the development stage. The subjects of this study were class teachers and 5th grade students of SD Negeri Plumutan, Bancak, Semarang Regency. The results of this study are (1) there are three stages in this research and development, namely analyzing the characteristics and initial abilities of students, planning and making teaching materials with the weebly website, and developing by conducting expert validation tests. (2) based on the validation test, material experts give a percentage of 85% with the criteria of "very good", teaching materials experts get a percentage of 90% with the criteria of "very good", and material experts get a percentage of 75% with the criteria of "good".Keywords: development, teaching materials, mathematics, online learning, weebly
A new species of the genus Tricentrum Townes from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Cryptini)
Authors: Kasparyan D.R. , González Hernández A.
Published: July 2021

The genus Tricentrum Townes is recorded for North America for the first time. A new species, T. mexicanum from Mexico is described. A key to species of the genus is given.
Stereotypical Hijab, Oppressive Forces and Postcolonial Muslim Women: A Critical Analysis of Hijabistan by Sabyn Javeri
Authors: Batool Sanniya Sara , Parvez Nafees , Farooq Amna
Published: July 2021

This research highlights the use of the word Hijab and the position of Muslim women in Sabyn Javeri's Hijabistan. This study is significant as Hijab is considered important, sacred and respectful in many religions of the world but is portrayed as a sign of stigma and oppression when associated with Muslim women. It is assumed that Muslim women used to wear Hijab to hide their negative activities. Hence, the Hijab, which is considered a mark of veneration and respect, becomes a scar. The discursive analysis of the delimited text observes how the Hijab becomes a cicatrix for women in Pakistan and why they consider it as a forced, unworthy and unnecessary piece of cloth rather than protective and comfort.
Impact of TV Talk Shows on Political Efficacy of University Students of Pakistan
Authors: Iftikhar Ifra , Sultana Irem , Tanveer Samina
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study is to assess the impact of political talk shows on television on the political efficacy of the viewers. Mediation analysis was conducted to investigate if trust on political information gained from TV talk shows' affects political efficacy of the viewers. Moreover, how much political perception about political issues, government and politicians influence individuals' political efficacy. The data from 400 university students of Lahore between the ages of 18 to 35 was collected purposively ensuring that the participant is regular viewer of political TV talk shows. The results revealed that watching TV talk shows significantly influence political efficacy. Trust on TV talk shows and political perception about political issues significant impact on political efficacy of the viewers. However, the two variables partially mediate the influence of TV talk shows on political efficacy.
The Effect of News TV Channels Coverage During Pandemic Covid -19 on Youth in Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Aemen , Nawaz Muhammad Bilal , Nazeer Javeria
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an effect on everyone's health, safety, and everyday lives. Because of the biological and psychological changes that arise during this developmental phase, youth can be especially vulnerable to this sudden disturbance in their lives. The COVID 19 crisis is a global pandemic that is having a range of impacts on every individual throughout the world as well as Pakistani youth such as anxiety and stress that needs to be addressed. This research is being carried out to determine the effects of electronic media particularly NEWS TV channels on Pakistani youth. The results of the study proved that usage of electronic media is associated with creating awareness and behavioral changes among youth in Pakistan during this pandemic.
Hybrid Warfare and the Challenges to the Conduct of Intelligence
Authors: Gul Shabnam , Asghar Muhammad Faizan , Akbar Zahid
Published: July 2021

The character of warfare has remained constant however its nature has been changing from time to time over the last twenty years. The traditional definition of warfare, explaining an exceptionally coordinated and prepared involvement of powers in the conflict, such as the Second World War, have become old fashioned and irrelevant. The Intelligence operations were moderately clear and defined through the Cold War era. There were two defined adversaries, both were superpowers, and existential dangers to public safety, both political and military (counting atomic), were generally straightforward. Indeed, even psychological warfare was 'less complex' as it was focused on a targeted audience and state associations utilizing strategies were notable. The post- 9/11 world is facing new and complex difficulties especially with regards to nature of warfare which has become Hybrid as well as countering techniques in terms of Intelligence operations.
Bow hunter syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis: illustrative case
Authors: Curry Brian P. , Ravindra Vijay M. , Boulter Jason H. , Neal Chris J. , Ikeda Daniel S.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) frequently features degeneration and instability of the cervical spine. Rarely, this degeneration manifests as symptoms of bow hunter syndrome (BHS), a dynamic cause of vertebrobasilar insufficiency.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors reviewed the literature for cases of RA associated with BHS and present a case of a man with erosive RA with intermittent syncopal episodes attributable to BHS as a result of severe extrinsic left atlantooccipital vertebral artery compression from RA-associated cranial settling. A 72-year-old man with RA-associated cervical spine disease who experienced gradual, progressive functional decline was referred to a neurosurgery clinic for evaluation. He also experienced intermittent syncopal events and vertiginous symptoms with position changes and head turning. Vascular imaging demonstrated severe left vertebral artery compression between the posterior arch of C1 and the occiput as a result of RA-associated cranial settling. He underwent left C1 hemilaminectomy and C1–4 posterior cervical fusion with subsequent resolution of his syncope and vertiginous symptoms.

LESSONS

This is an unusual case of BHS caused by cranial settling as a result of RA. RA-associated cervical spine disease may rarely present as symptoms of vascular insufficiency. Clinicians should consider the possibility, though rare, of cervical spine involvement in patients with RA experiencing symptoms consistent with vertebral basilar insufficiency.
Intradural cyst: intramedullary or extramedullary? Illustrative case
Authors: Kim Timothy , Judy Brendan , Witham Timothy
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Intradural spinal cord cysts are uncommon and generally benign. It can be difficult to determine whether the cyst is intramedullary or extramedullary on preoperative imaging, and the location of the cyst may be determined intraoperatively. This patient presented with intractable back pain associated with imbalance and was found to have a cystic lesion of the ventriculus terminalis (VT).

OBSERVATIONS

The patient was found to have a cystic lesion of the VT that was intramedullary rather than extramedullary, as initially expected based on preoperative imaging.

LESSONS

VT is a rare cystic expansion of the conus medullaris that can appear extramedullary on preoperative imaging. Intraoperatively, this lesion was found to be intramedullary and was successfully treated with fenestration.
The Napoleonic Code and Polish Legal Terminology in the 19th Century
Authors: Woźniak Ewa , Zarębski Rafał
Published: July 2021

This paper aims to discuss the terminological influence of the Napoleonic Code on Polish legal terminology. Five major theses are formulated and supported by selected examples from two 19th century translations of the Code into Polish. We claim that, firstly, the Napoleonic Code had a major impact on the Polonisation of Polish legal lexis in the 19th century, and secondly, that where Polish legal language bears evidence of the influence of the adaptation of the Napoleonic law it is in structural calques from French and not in an increase of French borrowings in the Polish legal language; moreover, we provide evidence that the Napoleonic Code led to the redefinition of previously used terms in the Polish legal system, and finally, that it had a crucial impact on the systematisation of Polish legal terminology in the 19th century leading to its more contemporary character, closer to modern demands. The study contributes to a broader comparative analysis of the role of the Code in the history of shaping and transforming the terminological systems across national languages.
Legal regulation of human anatomical materials transplantation of people
Authors: Yuzikova Nataliya
Published: July 2021

The article considers the legal basis for transplantation of human anatomical materials. The range of legal, ethical, social issues is outlined along with different approaches to legal regulation in the field of transplantology. It has been proved that the legal regulation of transplantation of anatomical materials to a person provides normative consolidation of the legal status of the recipient, donor, doctor and other subjects of this process. The main factors that determine the legal regulation of transplantation in Ukraine are identified, which are divided into two groups: previously formed and emerged recently. The stages of legal regulation of public administration in the field of transplantation are analyzed. The legal support of transplantation of human anatomical materials in Ukraine, which is carried out in accordance with the "encouraging voluntary approach". This characterizes the "presumption of disagree-ment." Ethical issues related to donation and awareness of potential health risks are disclosed. It is estab-lished that the right to dispose of anatomical materials belongs to the holder of this right such may be delegated or after death decided by a certain group of persons in accordance with the law. Within the framework of ensuring the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of health care, the Law of Ukraine "On the use of transplantation of human anatomical materials" was analyzed. Problems that exist in the field of health care in Ukraine, it is advisable to solve in two dimensions: legal and moral and ethical. The legal dimension provides for the adoption of relevant legal acts, first of all, the codified normative legal act - the Medical Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Voluntary Medical Insurance". When addressing the moral and ethical issues of transplantation, it is necessary to create an effective mechanism to protect the rights of donors, recipients and medical staff. Also, it is important to focus on improving the legal literacy of society, through information and scientific support in this area.
Concept and features of gender-based violence
Authors: Rufanova Viktoriya
Published: July 2021

In the article the author has studied the concept of "gender-based violence" and described its features. She has made an analysis of legislative categories that reveal features of gender-based violence. Gender-based violence underlies global problems. This socially negative phenomenon covers all countries of the world. No country has been able to fully address gender-based violence because it has failed to achieve 100% gender equality. One of the most current trends in the development and protection of human rights on a global, global scale today is to ensure gender equality and prevent any violence based on gender. The author suggests gender-based violence to mean a socially negative act (action or inaction) of a person / group of persons caused by the sexuality of a person / group of persons, which consists in causing physical, mental, sexual, economic school or threat of their use and can be committed in private and public areas. The most significant signs of gender-based violence are: committed in the form of actions or omissions; affects different categories of the population through their gender (women, men, people who have changed sex, persons of different sexual orientations), is a violation of the rights, freedoms, capabili-ties of the person and their guarantees, leads to restrictions on recognition, implementation or use rights, freedoms and opportunities; associated with physical, mental, sexual, economic violence, or the threat of its use, which causes harm to health; follows from the unequal power relations between men and women; based on outdated ideas and stereotypes about the social roles and functions of the individual; committed in the private and public spheres; causes deterioration of the position of the person in society; undermines the dignity of the person; undermines the authority, security, economic and social stability of the nation on a national and global scale.
Psihometrijske karakteristike Ljestvice dječje osjetljivosti na okolinu u uzorcima hrvatske djece i adolescenata
Authors: Keresteš Gordana , Mikac Una , Sangster Jokić Claire , Tomas Jasmina
Published: July 2021

Osjetljivost na okolinu osobina je koja se odnosi na lakoću zamjećivanja informacija o okolini i dubinu njihove obrade. Individualne su razlike u osjetljivosti na okolinu znatne, a stupanj te osjetljivosti određuje pojedinčeve reakcije na pozitivne i negativne čimbenike kojima je izložen. Uloga osjetljivosti na okolinu u razvoju i prilagodbi djece i adolescenata nedovoljno je istražena, velikim dijelom zbog toga što je tek nedavno razvijena prva izravna mjera dječje osjetljivosti na okolinu. Cilj je ovoga rada ispitati psihometrijske karakteristike te mjere, nazvane Ljestvica dječje osjetljivosti na okolinu (Pluess i sur., 2018). U okviru projekta Kako smo? Život u Hrvatskoj u doba korone djeca osnovnoškolske (N = 407) i srednjoškolske (N = 307) dobi ispunila su Ljestvicu dječje osjetljivosti na okolinu i upitnik ličnosti IPIP-15 online-putem. Ljestvica dječje osjetljivosti na okolinu kao instrument za samoprocjenu osjetljivosti na okolinu pokazala je zadovoljavajuće razine pouzdanosti i valjanosti kod hrvatske djece i adolescenata. Ljestvica ima bifaktorsku strukturu te mjeri opću osjetljivost na okolinu i tri specifične dimenzije: estetsku osjetljivost, nizak osjetni prag i pobudljivost. Utvrđena je djelomična mjerna invarijatnost Ljestvice za djecu različitoga roda i dobi. Korelacije pojedinih dimenzija i opće osjetljivosti na okolinu s osobinama ličnosti umjerene su i teorijski smislene. Ljestvicu je preporučljivo koristiti u budućim istraživanjima, iako su za pojedine podljestvice potrebna daljnja istraživanja. Primjena Ljestvice može doprinijeti povećanju znanja o učincima pozitivnih i negativnih čimbenika iz okoline na razvoj djece i adolescenata.
Emotional Determinants of Categorical Accentuation
Authors: Drače Saša , Čehajić Mia
Published: July 2021

The present study aimed to provide preliminary evidence for the role of uncertainty related emotions in categorical accentuation. Participants had to estimate the length of lines varying in length, which depending on the conditions were or were not associated with categorical labels. To explore the emotional determinants of categorical accentuation we included additional label condition, in which participants were induced to feel fear (i.e. the emotion theoretically defined by the appraisal of low certainty). Consistent with the past research the results revealed a classic accentuation effect with participants in label condition showing higher differentiation at category boundaries compared to those in no label condition. More importantly, this effect was strengthened in the condition in which participants were induced with fear suggesting that uncertainty-related emotions could play an important role in the accentuation phenomenon.
HEXACO and Dark Triad Personality Traits as Predictors of Male Attractiveness in Different Relationship Contexts
Authors: Butković Ana , Vatavuk Katarina , Wertag Anja
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to further investigate the perceived attractiveness of the Dark Triad (DT) personality in different types of relationships (i.e. friendship, short-term and long-term relationship) controlling for basic personality traits from the HEXACO model. The participants were 167 female students (M = 20.82 years, SD = 1.54) who rated personality and attractiveness of a man with highly expressed DT characteristics (n = 91) or a low-scoring DT character (n = 76) presented in a vignette. In line with recent findings, we observed a high negative correlation between the Honesty-Humility factor and DT personality (r = -.88, p < .001). As hypothesized, there was a significant difference in attractiveness ratings for the two characters in the context of different interpersonal relationships, with high DT character rated as significantly more attractive than the low DT character in the context of short-term mating. Furthermore, the hierarchical regression analysis showed that DT personality had a unique contribution in predicting attractiveness in the context of short-term relationship, after controlling for the basic personality traits.
Use of Video Method in Teaching Computer-oriented Disciplines
Authors: Bulyha Olena , Chaikovska Olena
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the article is to find new methods and means of teaching computer science
The research methodology consists of system analysis and classification of demonstration teaching methods.
The novelty of the study is the use of screencasting when creating an educational video channel for teaching computer disciplines (Davletkaliev, 2008).
Conclusions. In this work, on the example of creating an educational Internet channel, the possibility of increasing the effectiveness of using the video method in the process of teaching computer-oriented disciplines is shown.
Lesen als inneres Hören
Authors: Schulz Miklas
Published: July 2021

Im Bereich qualitativer Forschung gilt es weithin als selbstverständlich, dass wir es nicht mit ‚rohen Daten‘ zu tun haben, die unabhängig von unseren Begriffen, Forschungsperspektiven und Erfahrungshintergründen existieren. Zwar wird im Kontext der Interviewforschung eine Diskussion der Frage nach der Relevanz der sozialen Positioniertheit gefordert, allerdings finden sich in den Forschungsberichten selten tatsächlich Reflexionen darüber. Am Beispiel einer eigenen Studie soll daher der Erkenntnisprozess nachgezeichnet werden, der sich im Dialog von – aufgrund von Blindheit auditiv ausgewerteten – Interviews mit einer Autoethnografie ergab. Der Untersuchungsgegenstand waren sprachbasierte und mediengestützte Hörweisen. Verbunden wird damit ein an Bourdieu anschließendes Plädoyer für eine Objektivierung der sozialen Bedingtheit subjektiver Erkenntnisproduktion.
Kontingenzbearbeitung in der Krise
Authors: Hövels Barbara , Herzmann Petra
Published: July 2021

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Untersuchung sind diskursive Verhandlungen von Krisen in digitalen Räumen im Kontext der pandemiebedingten Schulschließungen. Die Analyse ausgewählter Kommunikationsbeiträge des virtuellen Lehrerzimmers innerhalb der Plattform ‚Twitter‘ mithilfe der Dokumentarischen Methode zeigt, dass das schriftsprachliche Handeln von Akteur*innen im virtuellen Raum auf eine Form von Solidarisierungsbewegung verweist. Diese kann für das interagierende Subjekt in Anbetracht fehlender Handlungsroutinen im Zusammenhang mit den Schulschließungen bei der Bearbeitung von Ungewissheit relevant sein. Der zugrundeliegende Orientierungsrahmen deutet zumindest auf ein kollektives Bewusstsein der Beitragenden für die Krisenhaftigkeit des pädagogisch-schulischen Geschehens. Dabei ist die Suche nach geteilten Einschätzungen, etwa im Umgang mit Elternkritik, auffällig. Ob dadurch allerdings eine reflexive Berufskrisenbearbeitung stattfindet oder sich lediglich ein Klagen der Akteure gegenüber bildungspolitischen Entscheidungen ausdrückt, müsste weitergehend untersucht werden.
Directions of robotics in the system of basic and additional education of children
Authors: Barakina T. V.
Published: July 2021

The article reveals the basic concepts associated with robotics: robot, manipulative and mobile (autonomous) robots, robotics. The main directions of the implementation of robotics in the system of basic and additional education of children are considered: educational, competitive, design. The stages of the implementation of the direction of educational robotics, the approximate structure of a lesson in teaching children robotics are presented. The features of the organization of some competitions in robotics, types of tasks for tournament participants, organizational stages are described. The characteristics of the project direction in robotics, the approximate structure of the student's project are given. The importance of each of the considered directions of teaching robotics for the development of the student, its place in the system of general education and the system of additional education is indicated.

All three described directions of robotics are in demand among children and parents, teachers, but, despite this, most often only competitive and creative design is implemented in the system of additional education. Unfortunately, in this case, a large number of children capable of robotics may not be identified for objective reasons, and, therefore, lost to engineering professions in the future. Thus, the modern system of basic education faces an acute task of introducing elements of educational robotics into the educational process.
Protein Kinase C Involvement in Neuroprotective Effects of Thymol and Carvacrol Against Toxicity Induced by Amyloid-β in Rat Hippocampal Neurons
Authors:   Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran., Azizi Zahra , Choopani Samira ,   Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran., Salimi Mona ,   Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran., Majlessi Nahid ,   Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran., Naghdi Nasser ,   Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: We have reported that thymol and carvacrol can improve cognitive abilities in Alzheimer Disease (AD) rat models. However, the mechanism of their action is not yet fully understood. Recently, our in vitro results suggested that PC12 cell death induced by Aβ25-35 can be protected by thymol and carvacrol via Protein Kinase C (PKC) and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) pathways. So, we hypothesize that the mechanisms of thymol and carvacrol in improving the learning impairment in the AD rat model may be related to their effects on PKC. So, the activity of PKC and protein expression levels of PKCα were examined in the hippocampal cells of the AD rat model. Methods: To examine the thymol and carvacrol effects, we performed a behavioral test in AD rat models induced by Aβ25–35 neurotoxicity. To access the underlying mechanism of the protective effects, western blotting was performed with antibodies against PKCα. We also measured the PKC activity assay by Elisa. Histopathological studies were carried out in the hippocampus with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. Results: The escape latency increased in Aβ-received rats compared to the control group, and thymol and carvacrol reversed this deficit. Furthermore, these compounds could enhance the PKC activity and increase the PKCα expression ratio. Moreover, H&E staining showed that Aβ caused shrinkage of the CA1 pyramidal neurons. However, thymol and carvacrol treatments could prevent this effect of Aβ peptides. Conclusion: This study suggests that Amyloid-Beta (Aβ) results in memory decline and histochemical disturbances in the hippocampus. Moreover, these results revealed that thymol and carvacrol could have protective effects on cognition in AD-like models via PKC activation.
Estudo epidemiológico do câncer em menores de vinte anos, no estado de Sergipe- Brasil, no período de 1980-1999
Authors: Rangel Margareth Rose Uchoa , Cipolotti Rosana , Fabbro Amaury Lelis dal , Fontes Anselmo Mariano , Botelho Márcio
Published: July 2021

Pouco se conhece sobre a epidemiologia das neoplasias malignas em crianças e adolescentes do estado de Sergipe. No presente trabalho apresentamos um estudo epidemiológico descritivo do câncer, neste estado brasileiro, em menores de 20 anos de idade, no período de 1980 a 1999. Metodologia: foram revisados 1588 prontuários dos Serviços de Oncologia Pediátrica, sendo 233 do Hospital João Alves Filho e 1355 da Fundação de Beneficência Hospital de Cirurgia. Destes, foram selecionados 895 casos confirmados de câncer, com os quais realizamos o trabalho. Resultados e conclusões: o grupo histológico que apresentou maior freqüência foi o dos Linfomas e Neoplasias do Sistema Retículo Endotelial. Quando agrupamos todos os tumores, observamos que predominam os pacientes do sexo masculino (59,2%), os pacientes considerados como não-brancos (66%), que a topografia abdominal foi a mais freqüente (26,7%), que a maioria dos sintomas teve início nos três meses que antecederam ao diagnóstico (69,2%), a presença de uma tumoração foi a queixa inicial em 34,1% dos pacientes, a associação de cirurgia e quimioterapia foi a combinação terapêutica mais utilizada (41,6%), o percentual de óbitos foi de 52,7%, muitos pacientes abandonaram o tratamento (19,4%) e que um pequeno número de pacientes foi considerado curado (12,1%). A dificuldade de acesso aos serviços especializados, associada a fatores sócio-econômicos e a precária estruturação dos Serviços de Oncologia do Estado de Sergipe, colaboram para o diagnóstico tardio, estadiamento avançado e mau prognóstico.
Terapêutica nutricional para constipação intestinal em pacientes oncológicos com doença avançada em uso de opiáceos: revisão
Authors: Santos Helimar Senna dos
Published: July 2021

Constipação intestinal é um distúrbio comum em pacientes com câncer devido à síndrome de anorexia-caquexia, e sua freqüência está elevada naqueles com doença avançada e em uso de drogas opiáceas para tratamento da dor. A terapêutica nutricional na unidade de cuidados paliativos é fundamental para o sucesso do tratamento, pois ela minimiza os desconfortos causados por distúrbios como a constipação intestinal, oferece dietas adequadas ao estado fisiológico e proporciona prazer. A incorporação de nutrientes "laxativos" oferece benefícios, como a restauração do trânsito intestinal, aumento do peso das fezes e o restabelecimento da freqüência da defecação. Este artigo trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica onde será abordada a constipação intestinal como conseqüência do uso de opióides para tratamento da dor em pacientes oncológicos em cuidados paliativos.
Novela, folletines y novela indiana: la narrativa chilena del siglo XIX
Authors: Barraza Jara Eduardo
Published: July 2021

Entre 1842  y 1870,  la narrativa  chilena  presenta un  paulatino proceso de desarrollo que oscila entre la novela –cuando no el cuento– y el folletín.  Lastarria califica su  cuento “El mendigo” (1842) como “novela histórica”. A su vez,  Alberto Blest Gana luego de publicar folletines en  diversos periódicos de la época  toma nítida distancia  de ese tipo de “novela popular (Eco, 2012) cuando en 1862  reflexiona  acerca de la novela propiamente tal  y  al  declarar –en 1864–  que solo pretende ser un novelista al estilo de Balzac. No obstante, el folletín de filiación europea presentará –hacia 1870–  una precisa fórmula como es  la denominada “novela indiana” que critica  Zorobabel Rodríguez.  Por lo mismo, proponemos  que en las instancias fundacionales de la narrativa nacional se  anticipa la tendencia de recurrir al folletín  poniendo de relieve  el motivo  del amor imposible que no puede superar obstáculos de diversa índole, sean ellos sentimentales, estamentales, políticos o historiográficos. Nuestra hipótesis es que en el curso de la novela chilena liberal, de sello romántico sentimental, esta estructura modélica no es ajena a la narrativa nacional, hecho que permite dar curso a la narración –entre otros– de acontecimientos  propios de la conquista, la independencia y la República.
Utopía y Religión en América Latina: estudio interdisciplinario de presencia léxica en el discurso de la vida religiosa
Authors: Salazar Parra. S.J. Juan
Published: July 2021

El término ‘utopía’ ha sido empleado por diversas corrientes e instituciones, entre ellas, la vida religiosa, para dar cuenta de ideas que movilizan sus proyectos de mundo. La pesquisa humanista y teológica en el continente latinoamericano no ha abordado se manera suficiente la relación entre utopía y vida religiosa. Esta investigación busca determinar una relación textual y contextual del uso (presencia y ausencia) del término utopía en las publicaciones entre 1970 y 2000 de la Conferencia de religiosos (CLAR). Para ello, nos servimos de las propuestas del Análisis Crítico del Discurso y la lexicografía. El análisis realizado permite establecer la dificultad y heterogeneidad de las formulaciones que expresan la utopía, sea por censura institucional o por visiones teológicas y escatológicas opuestas. A pesar de ello, los religiosos expresan una utopía latinoamericana asociada a la utopía cristiana del Reinado de Dios.
Giorgio Agamben (2020). El Reino y el Jardín. Madrid: Sexto Piso. 132 pp.
Authors: Jiménez Luis Alberto
Published: July 2021

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Optimization of educational environmental management of higher educational institutions with specific learning conditions: gender aspect
Authors:   Academy of the State penitentiary service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, V. O. Anishchenko
Published: July 2021

The expediency of research on the problem of optimizing the educational environment management in higher educational institutions with specific learning conditions that train officers for professional activities considering the gender aspect is due to a number of factors, the main one of which is Ukraine’s desire to integrate into the European and world space, where for the most part is the management of various spheres, including educational one, takes into account the gender principle of equality. The purpose of the article The purpose of the article is to outline the ways to optimize the educational environment management of higher educational institutions with specific learning conditions, taking into account the gender component in the educational process. Results. The article notes that in order to form a future officer as a person and as a representative of the intellectual resource of society, educational management of higher educational institutions with specific learning conditions should take into account the latest approaches, including the gender-oriented one, in order to implement the philosophy of the XXI-st century education. It is concluded that the optimization of educational environment of higher educational institutions with specific learning conditions taking into account the gender marker leads to positive results, namely: overcoming certain socio-pedagogical contradictions, significant contribution to improving the methodological principles of future officers’ training; accelerating the development of a culture of relations between male and female officers on the basis of mutual respect, tolerance, etc. Value. The introduction of a gender component in the educational institutions management with specific learning conditions will ensure the officers’ formation of the new formation, who by their professional and personal qualities will be ready to perform various difficult tasks and decisions making in difficult life situations, and their professional competence will meet the requirements of international educational standards. Key words: gender, principle of gender equality, gender marker, optimization of educational process, education management.
Peculiarities of the conversation vocabulary functioning in the ukrainian language
Authors:   Academy of the State penitentiary service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, I. V. Borysenko
Published: July 2021

The research is carried out from the focus on the analysis of the main lexical and semantic characteristics of the borrowings from the English language in the modern Ukrainian language. It is found out that the results of such researches are of considerable importance both from the theoretical and practical point of view as they give the opportunity to outline the interaction between linguistic, social and cultural aspects. The increasing number of the borrowings in the Ukrainian language and the features of their functioning within a new linguistic situation condition the urgency of the research. The article clarifies youth conversational vocabulary as the key linguistic environment for its use. The article also covers the main types of the borrowing words (direct borrowing and calquing). In the work are considered the new meaning, characteristics and connotation the borrowing words can get in a new language. The basic lexical-semantic features of the modern conversational units are outlined(namely lots of connotations, multi-functionality, synonymizing, polarization; the elimination of certain features of words; giving or removing the emphasis to the word). It is proved that constant change, laconism, smartnessare specific to slang; communicative, emotional and assessing functions of the slang are also specified in the article. Key words: conversational vocabulary, interaction, linguistic, social and cultural aspects, semantic changes, stylistic features.
Satisfaction influence of convicted and imprisoned persons with interpersonal relations on their suicidal intentions
Authors:   Academy of the State penitentiary service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, I. B. Volevakha , L. A. Inzhyevska ,   Department of Psychology and Personal Development,  Educational and Scientific Institute of Management and Psychology, Kyiv, Ukraine, O. O. Mykhailenko ,   Academy of the State penitentiary service, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the study is to reveal the impact of prisoners and convicts’ satisfaction on their relationship with closer environment on their suicidal tendencies, as well as on feeling of hopelessness as a predictor of suicide. Methodology. The interrogation of 181 imprisoned persons in penal institutions (pre-trial detention centers) located in 21 oblasts of Ukraine was conducted in order to clarify the indicators and the relationships between them. The following methods were used: 1) test “SR-45” (by Yunatskevych) that reveals a tendency to suicide risk; 2) Beck’s “Hopelessness” scale that reveals the level of hopelessness; 3) questionnaire of measuring the satisfaction with interpersonal relations that influences the level of the convicts relationship with the three groups that make up the social environment: relatives (family), employees of penal institutions (pre-trial detention centers) and other convicts. A five-point Likert scale was used in the questionnaire. Results. The study revealed an impact on the level of suicide risk regarding the relationship with personnel of the penal institutions (p≤0.01) – bad relations with the personnel increase the susceptibility of convicts to suicide. The influence of the level of convicts’ satisfaction with relationship with the personnel (p≤0.01) and with their relatives (p≤0.01) on the feeling of hopelessness was also revealed – the higher the satisfaction, the lower the hopelessness. No statistically significant effects of convicts’ satisfaction with relationships with other convicts on the level of suicidal reactions and on the hopelessness were found. Practical implications. The obtained results indicate the need for preventive measures aimed at raising awareness of the personnel of the penal institution and pre-trial detention centers on the aspects of convicts’ suicidal behavior and the socio-psychological competence in general, promoting the preservation of prisoners’ relationship with their relatives. Originality/value. The research was conducted by the authors in September 2020 – March 2021. This is the first attempt in Ukrainian psychological science to study empirically the impact of prisoners and convicts’ satisfaction with their relationship with the social environment on their suicidal intentions. Key words: imprisoned, convicts, suicide, suicidal behavior, relationship satisfaction, administration, family and relatives.