bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bosporus. Polychromic Styles of the Late Roman Period
Authors: Sharov Oleg
Published: January 2020

The polychromic style of the Late Roman period is characterized by a combination of the following traits: a stable set of ornamental motifs, specific ornamentation techniques (embossing, stamping, granulating and filigree techniques) and bezel setting of semi-precious stones or jewelry glasses. Altogether, five stylistically distinct groups of polychromic articles can be distinguished in the Late Roman Period. The first stylistic group named Illerup–Kerch consists of objects decorated with thin gold plates embossed with the following designs: granulation, filigree patterns, concentric circles and serpents. They appear as early as the second third of the 3rd century AD and continue to exist up to the middle of the 4th century. The second stylistic group Berkasovo–Kishpek includes objects decorated mainly with thin gilded silver plates embossed with both the same and some new designs such as sidelong crosses, stars, triangles. These objects appear not earlier than the early 4th century and continue to exist during most of this century. The third stylistic group Gorgippia–Loo includes massive gold objects decorated all over with festoon patterns of soldered granulation and filigree, and with turquoise, carnelian and garnet inserts in the center of the girdle. While such objects are particularly common at the Caucasian sites (Armaziskhevi, Kldeeti, Loo) dated to the second half of the 2nd century and the first half of the 3rd century, they are also known in Bosporus (Gorgippia, Panticapaeum) and in the Kuban region (“Golden cemetery”). In addition, some of the Late Roman sites have yielded rare finds of objects executed in a technique similar to the technique of filigree incrustation. These objects constitute the fourth stylistic group Aragvispiri–Tanais. They were found at Komarov II (barrow 8); Adzhimushkai, 1841; burial with the Golden Mask of 1837; Berdyansk barrow; Tanais, 1972, etc. The fifth group Messaksudi–Kerch appears in the second third of the 4th century AD and combines characteristics of the previous two groups: ornaments of the third group (genuine granulation and filigree), but on thin gold plates. The main ornamental motif are granulated triangles which fill all the space between the bezels inserted with semiprecious stones and glasses. Nearly all items included in the third and fifth groups may have analogies among the objects of I.P. Zasetskaya’s stylistic group I of the Hunnic era polychrome products, but precede them and belong to the 3rd – 4th centuries AD.
Analysis of Linguistic Methods of Informational Impact on Human Consciousness
Authors: Ozhiganova Marina , Dergacheva Irina , Kalita Anastasija
Published: January 2020

Modern mass media give the opportunity to use a variety of technologies of consciousness manipulation, but it is not important in what way or method this manipulation takes place, it is important what information needs to be conveyed to the ideologists of the organization.

It is fundamentally important that almost every technology of mind manipulation creates its own image of the enemy, which provokes all the cruelty and aggression of terrorist organization members.

The authors analyze various linguistic methods for detecting information influence on human consciousness. The paper shows that the classical approach to determining the types of speech actions is very convenient. However, this approach almost completely eludes the real semantics of natural language phrases that carry out speech actions, which can be compensated by the method of using content analysis and the use of databases for the information system.
Marketing of Merchandise Distribution in HoReCa Markets
Authors: Khokhlov Viacheslav
Published: January 2020

The article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of marketing activities in the field of logistics of the hotel and restaurant business, which is the most essential element in merchandise distribution in HoReCa markets. The author finds out that material flows of goods in HoReCa markets are divided into two relatively independent subgroups, which differ both in time and content characteristics, and in marketing tools which are used: commodity and material and technical support of enterprises of hotel and restaurant profile (sale points) and distribution of goods and services by sale points themselves. HoReCa product market is specific in the aspect of the structure of product groups, which include B2B products (business to business), goods for resale without surplus value, semi-finished products and food products which are modified with concurrent surplus value in the production process. An important feature of merchandise distribution in HoReCa markets is that the consumption of a hotel and restaurant product takes place directly at the sale points in contrast to retail trade businesses. The analysis of the volume, dynamics and structure of HoReCa markets at different levels shows that the essential point of marketing activities of HoReCa market participants is the choice of commodities and suppliers, establishing communications with suppliers, substantiating price decisions in the procurement of goods. Other elements of the marketing complex for the hospitality industry in HoReCa markets can be characterized as limited ones. The paper reveals that one of the most significant issues on the way of introducing the Crimean hotel and restaurant service to the modern level is its underdevelopment and poor structuring of the Crimean HoReCa market. So, the main direction of improving the marketing component in the HoReCa market is establishing and using communications for supplying goods and materials by leading Russian and international companies representing themselves as specialized participants in the HoReCa market. The obtained results can be used for subsequent research of markets of HoReCa goods in trade, including ways to improve the efficiency of trade by regulating the flow of goods and methods of promoting goods.
Optical, structural and morphological study of CdS nanoparticles: role of sulfur source
Authors: Kamble Mahesh M , Rondiya Sachin R , Bade Bharat R , Kore Kiran B , Nasane Mamta P , Dzade Nelson Y , Funde Adinath M , Jadkar Sandesh R
Published: January 2020

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles were synthesized by using a simple and low-cost home-made hot-injection method at a low process temperature using different sulfur (S) sources. The effects of sulfur concentration on the structural, morphological and optoelectronic properties of the synthesized cadmium sulfide films were studied using a range of characterization techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. The XRD studies revealed the formation of hexagonal-type cadmium sulfide nanoparticles. The varying morphology dependence on the sulfur source was ascertained from FESEM analysis. The longitudinal optical phonon vibrational modes of cadmium sulfide were assigned in Raman spectra at 300 and 600 cm−1. The bandgap of the cadmium sulfide particles was estimated to be 2·30 eV from Tauc’s plots. Consistent with the experimental results, this study’s first-principles density functional theory calculations predict the bandgap of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles to increase with decreasing sulfur concentration – Cd52S52 (2·38 eV), Cd52S51 (2·52 eV) and Cd52S50 (2·65 eV) – with both the valence and conduction band edges demonstrated to be dominated by sulfur p states.
Monetary Policy Space in a Recession: Some Simple Interest Rate Arithmetic
Authors: Kiley Michael T.
Published: January 2020

As an alternative, two recession scenarios are presented in which interest rates change from October 2019 levels by the same amount as seen, on average, around the 1990 and 2001 recessions.
Enchanted Determinism: Power without Responsibility in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Campolo Alexander , Crawford Kate
Published: January 2020

Deep learning techniques are growing in popularity within the field of artificial intelligence (AI). These approaches identify patterns in large scale datasets, and make classifications and predictions, which have been celebrated as more accurate than those of humans. But for a number of reasons, including nonlinear path from inputs to outputs, there is a dearth of theory that can explain why deep learning techniques work so well at pattern detection and prediction. Claims about “superhuman” accuracy and insight, paired with the inability to fully explain how these results are produced, form a discourse about AI that we call enchanted determinism. To analyze enchanted determinism, we situate it within a broader epistemological diagnosis of modernity: Max Weber’s theory of disenchantment. Deep learning occupies an ambiguous position in this framework. On one hand, it represents a complex form of technological calculation and prediction, phenomena Weber associated with disenchantment. On the other hand, both deep learning experts and observers deploy enchanted, magical discourses to describe these systems’ uninterpretable mechanisms and counter-intuitive behavior. The combination of predictive accuracy and mysterious or unexplainable properties results in myth-making about deep learning’s transcendent, superhuman capacities, especially when it is applied in social settings. We analyze how discourses of magical deep learning produce techno-optimism, drawing on case studies from game-playing, adversarial examples, and attempts to infer sexual orientation from facial images. Enchantment shields the creators of these systems from accountability while its deterministic, calculative power intensifies social processes of classification and control.
We Have Never Been Anti-Science: Reflections on Science Wars and Post-Truth
Authors: Lynch Michael
Published: January 2020

This essay addresses the so-called "post-truth" era in which scientific evidence of, for example, climate change, is given little weight compared to more immediate appeals to emotion and belief, and examines the relationship of alleged anti-science and populist irrationality to left- and right-wing political alignments.  It also addresses charges of anti-science that were once leveled at Science and Technology Studies (STS) itself, and particularly in relation to the “symmetrical” posture taken toward scientific controversies.  Recently, "symmetry" in STS has been linked to the media conventions and argumentative strategies that have sustained controversies over climate change and other health and safety concerns.  This essay argues that "symmetry" was originally set up in a circumscribed way to encourage research on controversies, but that it does not amount to a general conclusion to the effect that science is no different from any other system of belief.  Instead, an effort to pursue "symmetrical" research on scientific controversies can document how, far from being displaced from all relevance, scientific authority and its institutional supports are being duplicated along parallel tracks which sustain disputes and delay concerted action.
From Sideline to Frontline: STS in the Trump Era
Authors: Kleinman Daniel Lee
Published: January 2020

The Trump presidency and its relationship to science and truth have prompted considerable reflection as well as significant action by STS scholars.  Among those thinking, speaking, and acting are the authors of the articles in this thematic collection.  This brief introduction summarizes the major strands in each of the articles, placing them in the context of current political trends.
Bolu’nun Termal Turizm Potansiyeli ve Termal Turist Profili
Authors: DERELİ Nergis , TEMİZKAN Rahman
Published: January 2020

Çalışmanın amacı, Bolu’nun termal turizm potansiyelini ortaya çıkartmak ve Bolu’daki termal turizm tesislerinden hizmet alan termal turistlerin memnuniyet düzeylerini belirlemektir. Çalışma, termal turizmde ilerlemeyi ve tesislerin gelişimine katkı sağlayaca-ğı için önem taşımaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında Bolu’ya termal turizm hizmeti almak için gelen 450 termal turizm katılımcısına anket uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, Bolu’daki termal turizm potansiyelinin fazla olduğu ancak turistlerin aldıkları hizmetin geliştirilmesi gerektiği tespit edilmiştir. Turistler, Bolu’nun termal tesislerinden aldıkları hizmet konusunda güven boyutunda yüksek bir memnuniyete sahipken tesislerin fiziksel donanımları boyutunda memnuniyetlerinin düşük olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır
High molecular weight DNA extraction from plant nuclei isolation optimised for long-read sequencing v1
Authors: Mariac Cedric
Published: January 2020

High molecular weight DNA was extracted from isolated plant nuclei and used to prepare RAD004 and LSK109 libraries for Nanopore sequencing. Typically, flow cells yielded 3-15 Gb with read lenghts N50 values ranging from 15 to 29 Kb and longest reads > 380 Kb.
Sequencing and data quality control v1
Authors: Alberti Adriana , Poulain Julie , Engelen Stefan , Labadie Karine , Romac Sarah , Ferrera Isabel , Albini Guillaume , Aury Jean-Marc , Belser Caroline , Bertrand Alexis , Cruaud Corinne , Da Silva Corinne , Dossat Carole , Gavory Frédéric , Gas Shahinaz , Guy Julie , Haquelle Maud , Jacoby E'krame , Jaillon Olivier , Lemainque Arnaud , Pelletier Eric , Samson Gaëlle , Wessner Marc , Technical Team Genoscope , G. Acinas Silvia , Royo-Llonch Marta , M. Cornejo-Castillo Francisco , Logares Ramiro , Fernández-Gómez Beatriz , Bowler Chris , Cochrane Guy , Amid Clara , Ten Hoopen Petra , De Vargas Colomban , Grimsley Nigel , Desgranges Elodie , Kandels-Lewis Stefanie , Ogata Hiroyuki , Poulton Nicole , E. Sieracki Michael , Stepanauskas Ramunas , B. Sullivan Matthew , R. Brum Jennifer , B. Duhaime Melissa , T. Poulos Bonnie , L. Hurwitz Bonnie , Pesant Stéphane , Karsenti Eric , Wincker Patrick
Published: January 2020

This protocol describes the sequencing and data quality control for theTaraOceans expedition and is part ofViral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from theTaraOceans expedition. Figure 3:Overview of experimental pipeline from nucleic acids to sequences. (Red crosses highlight QC steps where experiments can be stopped.)
8. Sınıf Öğrencilerin Okul Psikolojik Danışmanı Kavramına İlişkin Algılarının İncelenmesi (Malatya İli Örneği)
Authors: ERDEMİR Nuri , SUMBAS Ezgi , UMUR Zeynep , TUNCA Aslı
Published: January 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı Malatya ili Battalgazi ve Yeşilyurt merkez
ilçelerindeki 8. sınıf öğrencilerin okul psikolojik danışmanı kavramına ilişkin
görüşlerini inceleyerek öğrencilerin okul psikolojik danışmanı kavramına yönelik
zihinsel imgelerini ortaya koymaktır. Bunun için araştırmacılar tarafından
seçilen ortaokullarda öğrenim gören, ankette okul psikolojik danışmanından
yardım aldığını belirten, 8. sınıf öğrencilerinden araştırmaya gönüllü katılan,
137 öğrenciyle çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler 8. sınıf
öğrencilerine sorulan “Okulumdaki psikolojik danışman …….....… benziyor.
Çünkü………” biçiminde açık uçlu sorularla toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda
öğrenciler tarafından üretilen metaforlardan Yakışıklı / güzel / karizmatik
biri olarak okul psikolojik danışmanı, ailemizden biri olarak okul psikolojik
danışmanı, dost / arkadaş / sırdaş olarak okul psikolojik danışmanı, psikolog /
psikiyatrist / danışman / uzman olarak okul psikolojik danışmanı, bilgin / bilgi
toplayan / bilgi veren bir kişi olarak okul psikolojik danışmanı, koşturan,
hareketli bir kişi olarak okul psikolojik danışmanı ve bir lider, yol gösteren
olarak okul psikolojik danışmanı olmak üzere 7 tema oluşturulmuştur. Bu
temalarının, okul psikolojik danışmanlarının daha çok olumlu yönlerini
vurguladığını söylemek mümkündür. Buna ek olarak bazı temaların psikolojik
danışmanının iş alanına yönelik bilgileri de içerdiği görülmektedir.
Psikolojik Danışmanların Bakış Açısından Rehberlik Hizmetleri Yönetmeliği’nin İncelenmesi
Authors: AKAY Selçuk , TÜRK Fulya , MERCAN Özge , URTEKİN Fadile
Published: January 2020

Bu
araştırmada, 10 Kasım 2017 tarihinde yayımlanan Rehberlik Hizmetleri
Yönetmeliği’nin psikolojik danışmanların bakış açısından incelenmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim deseniyle
tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmada veriler, Gaziantep ili, Şahinbey ve Şehitkâmil
merkez ilçelerinde, MEB’e bağlı farklı sosyoekonomik bölgelerde yer alan
okulların farklı kademelerinde görev yapan 40 psikolojik danışmana (29 kadın,
11 erkek) yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu uygulanarak elde edilmiştir.
Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde amaçlı örneklem yöntemlerinden biri olan
maksimum örneklemeden yararlanılmıştır. Görüşmeler sonucunda elde edilen
veriler içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. İki araştırmacı tarafından kodlayıcı
güvenirliği test edilerek güvenirlik kat sayısı .82 bulunmuştur. Araştırma
bulguları çoğu psikolojik danışmanın Rehberlik Hizmetleri Yönetmeliği’nden
memnun olmadığını göstermektedir. Zorunlu görev tanımları nedeniyle her işe
koşturulduklarını ifade eden psikolojik danışmanlar, mesleki görev tanımının
net olmaması ve mesleğe gereken önemin verilmemesi nedeniyle yeterli düzeyde mesleki doyum elde edemediklerini
belirtmişlerdir. Kimi
psikolojik danışmanlar meslek değiştirmeyi düşünürken, kimileri de mesleği
gerektiği gibi icra ederek yönetmeliğin psikolojik danışmanlar üzerindeki
olumsuz etkisiyle baş etmeye çalıştıklarını ifade etmiştir. Ayrıca psikolojik
danışma kavramının yönetmelikten kaldırılmasını mesleğin içinin boşaltılması
olarak değerlendiren bazı katılımcılar, psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik
mesleğinin değersizleştirilerek alan dışı atamalara zemin hazırlandığını dile
getirmişlerdir. Çoğu psikolojik danışman,
yönetmeliğin yeniden değiştirilmesi, en azından eski haline döndürülmesi
konusunda hemfikirdir. Yönetmeliğin
yeniden düzenlenmesi hususunda psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik alanında görev
yapan psikolojik danışmanlara, uzmanlara ve akademisyenlere danışılması
psikolojik danışmanların önerileri arasında yer almaktadır.
Dijital Sorunlara İlişkin Eğitici Kısa Filmlere Eleştirel Bir Bakış
Authors: YAZICI Fikret , TEMEL Mustafa
Published: January 2020

Geleneksel medya mecralarından farklı olarak yeni medya içerikleri ve sosyal ağlar, bireylerin yeni iletişim tercihleri olarak görünüm kazanmıştır. Bu yeni iletişim araçlarının fazla ve bilinçsiz kullanımı sonucu siber zorbalık, siber güvenlik, aşırı internet kullanımı, mahremiyetin ihlali, cinsel istismar, online nefret söylemi ve bilginin doğruluğu gibi dijital hastalıklar yaygınlaşmaya başlamıştır. Başta okul çağı çocukları olmak üzere toplumun her yaş grubundan birey dijitalleşmenin getirdiği bu sorunlara çözüm aramaktadır. Bu noktada da, var olan dijital problemlerin çözümü noktasında görsel medya araçları önemli bir işlevselliğe sahiptir. Bu bağlamda süresi, anlatım tekniği ve dili itibariyle eğitim materyali olarak kullanılmaya son derece elverişli olan kısa filmler ayrı bir önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada da, dijital problemlerle ilgili internet ortamında yayınlanan eğitici kısa filmlerin içeriği incelenmiştir. Araştırma; mahremiyet ihlali, cinsel istismar, siber güvenlik, bilginin doğruluğu/güvenilirliği ve aşırı internet kullanımı ile ilgili eğitici videoların incelenmesi ile çerçevelenmiştir. Bahsi geçen konularla ilgili videoların tamamının incelenmesi çalışmanın kapsamını aşacağından dolayı; her bir başlık ile ilgili en çok izlenen iki video, toplamda ise 10 video örneklem olarak seçilmiş ve seçilen videolar içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Ayrıca videolara, anahtar kavramlar kullanılarak YouTube üzerinden erişim sağlanmış olup, anlık izlenme oranlarına göre değerlendirme yapılmıştır. İncelenen kısa filmlerin profesyonel bir alt yapıya ve içeriğe sahip olmadığı, dijital problemlerin sadece çocuk odaklı içeriklerle donatıldığı ve dijital sorunların soyut kavramlarla çerçevelendiği tespit edilmiştir.
The image of Paradise in «The Sermon on the Annunciation to the Holy Virgin» by Ioanikii Galiatovskii
Authors:   Lviv Ivan Franko National University, Bomko Liliia
Published: January 2020

The article attempts to analyse the image of paradise in “The Sermon on the Annunciation of the Holy Virgin" from the collection "The Key of Understanding" (1659) by Ioanikii Galiatovskii. Paradise in his sermon is depicted as a hierarchical structure of the nine Angelic Choirs: the Angels, the Archangels, the Principality, the Authority, the Mastery, the Parish, the Throne, the Cherubim, and the Seraphim. Comparing the angelic choirs of Galiatovskii and the depiction of celestial choirs in «The Mirror of Theology» (1618) by Cyryl Trankvylion Stavrovetskyi, one can see some differences, including a change in the sequence of arrangement of angelic choirs and in the semantics of names, which Galiatovskii supplements with explanations of the saints' presence on all choirs. The theme of the Annunciation that becomes the beginning of the salvation of the human soul is brought closer to the understanding of paradise. If one compares the preaching on Gospel with a painting one can easily grasp substantial differences in the interpretation. Galiatovskii does not follow the biblical story of the Annunciation, which tells how did the Archangel Gabriel appear to the Holy Virgin and inform her of the birth of Christ. Instead, he interprets this event in anagogical (spiritual sense), describing paradise and the Blessed Virgin in a similar way. Visual art closely follows the biblical text when depicting the Annunciation – the Holy Virgin and the Archangel, who holds a white lily that means god news, are surrounded by several tiny angels that are holding a white lily flower (like in the painting by the French artist Philip de Champaign "Annunciation", 1644). Interestingly, the interpretation of the Annunciation in Ioanikii Galiatovskii’s writing is close to the theme of the Assumption. One might mention the painting "Assumption of the Virgin" (1475 - 1476) by the Italian artist Francesco Botticini, who depicted the Holy Virgin standing next to the hierarchical structure of the nine Angelic Choirs.
Monitoring And Distribution Of Organochlorine Pesticides, Polychlorinated Biphenyls And Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Surface River Water And Suspended Particulate Matter
Authors: MILYUKIN M.V. , Gorban M.V. , Skrynnyk M.M.
Published: January 2020

The monitoring results of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Ukranian and world surface river waters were summarized. Total concentrations of OCPs, PCBs and PAHs in surface waters of Ukrainian rivers (Dnieper and Dniester) were 1.4–17.1; 2.8–57.2; 7.5–378.6 ng/dm3 , respectively. These pollution levels are medium on a global scale. Higher concentrations were recorded in the surface water of China, India and other Asian countries. Distribution of these organic ecotoxicants between water and suspended particulate matter (dispersionphase distribution) was analyzed and it was shown that in the majority of river waters ≥50% of them are associated with suspended particles. By the case of River Dnieper antibate correlations between watersoluble parts of individual OCPs, PCBs and PAHs and coefficient of their hydrophobicity were recorded. These correlations were presented graphically. In addition, relevant correlation coefficients and criterions of probability were calculated. The clearest correlation was established for PCBs.
Неформальные практики в условиях социокультурных изменений
Authors: Перинская Наталья Алексеевна
Published: January 2020

В данной статье рассматриваются неформальные практики как разновидность социального поведения, отличающегося от институционализированных форм совместной деятельности людей. На теоретическом и фактическом материале автор обосновывает определение понятия «неформальные практики», рассматривает содержание таких практик, осуществляемых вне общепринятых правил в условиях социокультурных изменений и направленных на достижение желаемого результата социального взаимодействия.
Рассуждение об изменчивости и прогрессе в культуре
Authors: Флиер Андрей Яковлевич
Published: January 2020

В статье анализируются факторы и формы проявления прогресса в культуре в той или иной связи с видом деятельности и господствующей идеологией, ее социальной и символической обусловленностью и степенью ее новационности. Новизна статьи заключается в том, что прогресс в культуре никогда еще не был предметом специального научного исследования и никогда еще научно не систематизировался. Актуальность статьи связана с постоянно ведущейся в науке дискуссией о том, может ли быть в культуре какой-либо прогресс и в чем он может заключаться.

В статье рассматриваются особенности культурного прогресса по сравнению с прогрессом в материально-производственной и социально-организационной деятельности. Проводится факторный анализ роли в культурном прогрессе непосредственной социальной и символической его обусловленности, а также опосредованной социальной и символической обусловленности. Эта проблема рассматривается на исторических примерах реформ Петра Великого, в которых активно и наглядно присутствовала как социальная, так и символическая обусловленность, и «идеологический поворот» в царствование Александра III, в котором имела место чисто символическая детерминация, не затрагивавшая основ государственной организации.

В заключении даются универсальные признаки культурного прогресса, заключающиеся в усложнении культуры как системы и расширении степеней ее свободы и независимости от государственной власти и господствующей идеологии.
Академическая психология Германии в период Первой мировой войны
Authors: Вакарев Евгений Семенович
Published: January 2020

В статье представлен обзор основных, значимых для мировой психологической практики, идей по реализации психологических знаний в обеспечении военных потребностей государства, предложенных и разработанных представителями академической психологии Германии в период Первой мировой войны: В. Вундтом, М. Дессуаром, Э. Крепелином, К. Левином, О. Липманном, К. Штумпфом.

Анализ критических высказываний в классических работах психологов Германии начала ХХ в., манифестов, а также военных мемуаров ученых-психологов, принимавших непосредственное участие в сражениях Первой мировой войны, позволяет судить о том, что характер оценки причин мировой войны, а также отношение к войне и воюющим сторонам связаны с идеологической позицией этих ученых и вовлеченностью их в политические процессы. Участие Германии в Первой мировой войне породило необходимость разработки современных, более эффективных методов психологического сопровождения индустриального развития империи, военной пропаганды, профессионального обучения и военной медицины.

 
МосГУ — 75: Время. События. Люди
Authors: Бородай Александр Дмитриевич
Published: January 2020

Московский гуманитарный университет отмечает в 2019 г. славный юбилей — 75-летие со дня основания. Пройден большой путь в сфере высшего образования. Вуз за свою историю пять раз менял названия: Центральная комсомольская школа при ЦК ВЛКСМ (1944–1969) — Высшая комсомольская школа при ЦК ВЛКСМ (1969–1991) — Институт молодежи (1991–2000) — Московская гуманитарно-социальная академия (2000–2003) — Московский гуманитарный университет (2003 — наст.).

Самое интересное, важное и ценное в истории нашего вуза — это люди. В университете всегда работали высококвалифицированные специалисты. Они имели большой опыт практической работы, стали известными учеными, создали свои научные школы. Преподаватели всегда были интересны студентам, потому что многое знали и многое умели. Главное, были щедрыми и интересными специалистами, уникальными личностями. В статье представлен ряд таких специалистов.
Shakespeare in Russian Political Discourse
Authors: Zakharov Nikolay Vladimirovich
Published: January 2020

Шекспир политически актуален во все времена и во всех культурах, при разных формах правления — авторитарных и демократических. Достаточно вспомнить недавние события, связанные с именем драматурга. В 2012 г. Грегори Доран выпустил своего «африканского» «Юлия Цезаря» и побывал со спектаклем на гастролях в Москве. Его предупреждение о том, что авторитарный правитель может попытаться узурпировать всю полноту власти, было воспринято как намек на возвращение В. Путина на очередной президентский срок.

В России ситуация не более скандальная, чем в других странах, но имеет свой колорит: задержание полицией на Новом Арбате якобы за попрошайничество 10-летнего мальчика, декламировавшего монолог Гамлета «Быть или не быть», полукриминальная ситуация вокруг спектакля «Сон в летнюю ночь» режиссера Кирилла Серебренникова, обвинения в хищении средств театрального менеджера Алексея Малобродского, гневные выступления в их защиту общественности.

По этому поводу можно вспомнить, как в свое время Александр II неодобрительно высказался о планах празднования 300-летнего юбилея Шекспира в Российской империи. В своей статье я попытаюсь проследить эволюцию политизации творчества британского драматурга, реальную и мифическую.
Научная школа МосГУ по молодежным исследованиям: становление, состояние, перспективы
Authors: Луков Валерий Андреевич
Published: January 2020

В статье представлена научная школа Московского гуманитарного университета по молодежным исследованиям. Показано, что она возникла как итог переосмысления более ранних исследований молодежи в организациях, которые предшествовали университету. В период осуществления в 1987–1991 гг. на базе НИЦ реализовывался крупный научный проект, имеющий большое общественно-политическое значение, — готовился проект закона СССР «Об общих началах государственной молодежной политики в СССР». Это и позволило сформировать концептуальное понимание молодежи, молодежного движения, молодежной политики, что осуществил И. М. Ильинский в гуманитарной теории молодежи. Теория породила концепции «воспитания жизнеспособных поколений», «образовательной революции», «социализационной нормы» и др., обеспечивших развитие научной школы на следующих этапах. Соединение молодежной проблематики с тезаурусным подходом в рамках научной школы МосГУ дало продуктивные результаты.

В статье отмечается, что новое качество школе придаст активное изучение процессов, которые порождает в молодежной среде цифровизация.
Yedinci Sınıf “Çember ve Daire” Konusunda Geliştirilen GeoGebra Destekli Öğretim Materyaline ve Öğrenme Ortamına İlişkin Öğrenci Görüşleri
Authors: TOPUZ Faden , BİRGİN Osman
Published: January 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, yedinci sınıf “Çember ve Daire” konusunun öğretimine yönelik geliştirilen GeoGebra destekli öğretim materyaline ve öğrenme ortamına ilişkin öğrenci görüşlerini yansıtmaktır. Araştırma özel durum çalışması ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, Isparta ilinde yedinci sınıfta öğrenim gören 30 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, 5’li likert tipi 25 madde ve 4 açık uçlu sorudan oluşan anket ve sınıf içi gözlemler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Nicel veriler SPSS 17.0 paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Nitel veriler betimsel ve içerik analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmada GeoGebra destekli öğretim materyalinin öğrenmeyi kolaylaştırdığı, görsel olarak zihinde canlandırmayı güçlendirdiği, günlük hayatla ilişkilendirilebilmeyi desteklediği, daha kolay çizimler yapma ve keşfetme fırsatı verdiği belirlenmiştir.
Surveying topographical changes and climate variations to detect the urban heat island in the city of Málaga (Spain)
Authors: Senciales-González J.M. , Rodrigo-Comino J. , Smith P.
Published: January 2020

The main aim of this research was to detect a possible urban heat island (UHI) in the tourist city of Málaga (Spain). To achieve this goal, different methods to validate annual and monthly temperature data have been used, and the internal variability of the UHI with respect to the topographical changes was also surveyed. Our results showed two types of atmospheric thermal gradients: one characterized by a positive gradient according to an elevation above sea level, and another with a negative gradient related to rural areas. The maximum impact of the UHI was found to be 9.1 ºC for an instantaneous event, 4.4 ºC for daily minimum temperatures in August, with a maximum weighted average difference of 2.3 ºC between data from urban and rural stations. We conclude that the detection of UHI is useful as a tool to help urban planners, in order to reduce the intensity of possible climate changes in cities. It is also concluded that UHI is not only a meteorological phenomenon in Málaga city but a climatic phenomenon, present during most days and across the transect of increasing intensity from the sea to the city.
Epidemio-clinical aspects of congenital rubella syndrome in Madagascar
Authors: Andriatahina Todisoa N. , Ravaoarisoa Lantonirina , Ranivoson Andrianina H. , Rahajamanana Vonintsoa L. , Randriananahirana Zina A. , Andriamahita Jocelyn , Andrianirinarison Jean C. , Robinson Annick L.
Published: January 2020

Background: Congenital rubella syndrome is the first congenital defect preventable by vaccination. The purpose of this study was to provide basic information on the extent and epidemiology of congenital rubella syndrome in Madagascar.Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study from January 2013 to May 2019 was conducted in 8 hospitals in 2 provinces of Madagascar, Antananarivo and Toliara. The study included children who attended the services selected during the study period and who had the following conditions: children aged of 0 to 59 months, regardless of vaccination status, meeting the World Health Organization clinical criteria for congenital rubella syndrome with or without biological confirmation.Results: Of the 152,304 cases of children of all ages who visited or were hospitalized during the study period, 112 clinically confirmed cases of congenital rubella syndrome were identified. The age group 0 to 11 months involved 60 children (53.6%). Congenital heart disease was found in 83.0% of cases, mental backwardness in 43.7% and microcephaly in 26.8%. Twenty-three among (20.5%) them died. The death was due to cardiac diseases in 16 children.Conclusions: Findings confirm that the diagnosis of congenital rubella syndrome is underestimated in current pediatric practice in Madagascar. The introduction of the rubella vaccine in the Expanded Program on Immunization and the implementation of an effective and sustainable surveillance system for congenital rubella syndrome in the country is a proved effective tool for the prevention of this disease.
Middle third clavicle fractures are the most common fractures in head injuries: a biomechanical and epidemiological study in 1000 patients
Authors: Rajagopalan Sridhar Gopal , Vasudevan Saravanan , Veeraraghavan Raghav Ravi , Vanchi Pravin Kumar , Murugesan Mohan Kumar
Published: January 2020

A consecutive series of 1000 cases of head injury, out of which 385 patients presented with fractures. In the 385 patients with fractures, 179 patients presented with clavicle fractures, among that, 127 are middle third fractures. Out of the 189 patients who had clavicle fractures, 90% of them had direct blow to shoulders and 10% had fallen on the outstretched hand. This variation with the mechanism of injury was further investigated by biomechanical analysis of the forces involved in clavicular fractures.

 
Supporting factors in the aqidah-akhlaq teaching and learning process (study at islamic senior high schools in West-South Aceh regions)
Authors: Saputra Fedry
Published: January 2020

The subject of aqidah-akhlaq has a contribution in providing motivation to students to practice the values of religious belief (monotheism) and moral behavior in daily life. In this study, supporting factors in the implementation of the learning process of this subject at Islamic senior high schools (MAs) were the factors of the teachers and the environment. The research is concerned with, firstly the delivery of the teaching and learning process on the aqidah-akhlaq subject at MAs, and secondly the supporting factors of teachers in the learning process of the aqidah-akhlaq subject in MA students. This research used a qualitative approach with descriptive research method. Meanwhile, the data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Research subjects were MA teachers who were in the West-South Aceh covering 5 regions: Aceh Jaya, West Aceh, Nagan Raya, Southwest Aceh, and South Aceh. The results showed that (1) there were several steps in the learning process carried out by the teachers, i.e. preparing lesson plans, delivering subject consisting of two aspects: firstly varied teaching methods and secondly varied learning media, conducting an assessment of learning outcomes, and performing follow-up efforts through individual approaches to deal with problematic students, and (2) in terms of supporting factors from both parents and society, it showed that some were supportive and some others did not care of their children.
Pengaruh Pembinaan Keagamaan oleh Samanera dan Atthasilani Terhadap Perilaku Keagamaan Umat Buddha di Malang Raya
Authors: Murdana Kadek Yudi
Published: January 2020

This study aimed to determine the influence of religious formation by Samanera and Atthasilani on Buddhist religious behavior in Malang Raya. The approach used in this research is quantitative research with the type of research included in the survey research. The results showed that religious guidance has a significant influence on Buddhist religious behavior in Malang Raya, can be proved from correlation value 0.724 or 72.4% and significant with 0.000 value. This shows that there is a significant influence between the variables of religious development on Buddhist religious behavior in Malang Raya.
Persepsi Jamaah Terhadap Pemberdayaan oleh Takmir Masjid di Kota Madiun Jawa Timur
Authors: Rosidin Rosidin
Published: January 2020

Mosques have very significat roles in the developmen of pilgrims’ spiritual living as well as the other aspects. The article aims to analyze the level of empowerment conducted by the development committe and dimension should be prioritized. The study used quantitative research design. The validity and realibility tests remained 21 items as for being used as the research tool. The number of samples was 100 pilgrims chosen randomly. The enpowerment consisted of four dimension, namely : accesbility, participation, accountability, and local organization. The data werw analyzed using excell. The study resulted : (1) The empowerment of pilgrims in Madiun City categoryzed as good (value = 75, 38); (2) All the empowerment dimensions were at good levels, in whice the lowest value was found in the local organization dimension; (3) The local organization dimension value 72, 00, meant it should be priorityzed without  neglecting the other dimensions
Geliat Puritanisme Islam di Indonesia: Menyibak Tabir di Balik Gerakan Majelis Tafsir Al-Qur’an (MTA) dalam Perspektif Sosiologis
Authors: Muhsin Ilyya , Ghufon Muhammad
Published: January 2020

Islamic purification movement which run by MTA (Majelis Tafsir Al-Qur'an; Quranic interpretation council) is an interesting one to be discussed. MTA, an institution with the charismatic leader, is preaching Islam puritanically like other Islamic organizations which have active branches with organized structure in every level. Therefore, this article will discuss MTA movement in sociological perspective, particularly using social movement theory. The results can be seen in three social movement types. The first type is to use political opportunities through a national gathering forum (Silatnas) and Sunday Morning Preaching (Pengajian Ahad Pagi). The second type is to mobilize all capitals; moral resources include Quran-Sunnah as well as charisma of the leader; cultural resources includes all MTA's religious business; human resources with structured cadre system, well-organized social-organization resources; and excessive economic resources. The last type is to frame its religious movement to resolve every Islamic-social pathology through the best method on MTA perspective
Measuring the Welfare Level of Local Comunnity Who Take Sustainable Business Financing Based on Local Wisdom In the Islamic Microfinance Institution
Authors: Razak Syaparuddin
Published: January 2020

This study is a single instrumental case study, the study that describes the welfare level of local community who take a sustainable business financing based on local wisdom in BMT As'adiyah Sengkang. The data was collected by questionnaires and interviews as research instruments. The data obtained from the questionnaires was analyzed by a combination of the Keynes and Khan consumption equations. Findings from the questionnaires data were verified and explored with interview data. The results are (1) APC value MPC value on physical consumption and other worship consumption of respondents for all their income levels. (2) APC and MPC values on the zakat maal payments of respondents for all their income levels are the same, constant, and (3) E1 value E2 value on the principal consumption of respondents for all their income levels. It means that the sustainable business financing based on local wisdom in BMT As'adiyah Sengkang can improve the local community welfare. So that it also contributes greatly to increasing regional GDP.
Anggaran Belanja Daerah Berbasis Maqasid al Syari’ah: Analisis Realisasi Anggaran Kota Palopo
Authors: ARIF FIRMAN MUHAMMAD
Published: January 2020

This paper discusses about Regional shopping budget based maqasid al syari’ah: realization analysis of the palopo city budget with the focus of the problem, namely, the reality of empowering the government expenditure budget and realization of its utilization in Palopo City, how the government and its policies encourage the development of people’s living standards with the realization of the government expenditure budget in terms of the hierarchy or interconnectivity of the concept of maqasid al-syari’ah. The type of research is field research that is descriptive and  explorative  by  using  multi  approaches  such  as  normative,  juridical,  sociological,  and welfare theology. The results showed that the local government was considered to have carried out various efforts and policies by encouraging the development of people’s lives. The realization of the government expenditure budget is considered to have interconnectivity with the concept of  maqasid  al  syari’ah.  Massive  acceleration  of  budget  absorption  is  carried  out  so  that dependence from the central and provincial levels can be minimized. Assessment of the local government in budget management has reflected the government’s performance every year. The realization of these regional budget expenditures has a broad impact on the standard of living of the community, especially in the provision of better basic services for its citizens. There are pro-people policies that are protective, responsive, constructive and aspirational.
Nilai Ekonomi Umbul Pengging Sebagai Area Tujuan Wisata
Authors: Walyoto Sri
Published: January 2020

This research was conducted to determine the consumer surplus and total economic value of the Sharia Umbul Pengging tourist destination in Dukuh Village, Banyudono District, Boyolali Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The area is a natural area as a public water source managed by the local government. The main objective of this study was to analyze the demand of Umbul Pengging as a sharia tourist destination. The Travel Cost Method  (TCM)  is  used  to  estimate  the  travel  demand  offered  by  Umbul  Penggging.  The evaluation approach used service preferences expressed from the point of view of the user of the Umbul Pengging dominant function. The collected data produces a tourist request function  Umbul  Pengging  is  formulated  as  a  function  of  travel  costs,  sacrifice  of  travel time and income and visitor education. The results of research on travel costs, income and education of visitors are significant, tourists get benefits (surplus) for their visits.
Rosuvastatin Affects Tracheal Responsiveness, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Inflammatory Cells, and Oxidative Stress Markers in Hyperlipidemic and Asthmatic Rats
Authors: Saadat Saeideh , Mokhtari-Zaer Amin , Hadjzadeh Mousa-Al-Reza , Boskabady Mohammad Hossein
Published: January 2020

Statins provide greater protection than predicted from just cholesterol-lowering effects, which is possibly mediated by other pleiotropic actions. This study aimed to examine the possible interaction effect of asthma on lipid profiles and evaluate the effect of rosuvastatin treatment on asthma.
The animals were assigned into (1) control, (2) asthmatic, (3) hyperlipidemic, (4) asthmatic-hyperlipidemic, (5) rosuvastatin (40 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally, for 3 weeks)-treated asthmatic, (6) rosuvastatin-treated hyperlipidemic and (7) rosuvastatin-treated asthmatic-hyperlipidemic groups. Tracheal responsiveness to methacholine and ovalbumin, total and differential WBC (white blood cell) counts, and oxidative stress markers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were evaluated.
In the asthmatic and asthmatic-hyperlipidemic groups, tracheal responsiveness to ovalbumin, total WBC count, numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes were higher than the control group (p<0.001). A left-ward shift in the concentration-response curves to methacholine, an increase in nitrite and malondialdehyde concentrations, and a decrease in total thiol content, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were also observed in the asthmatic and asthmatic-hyperlipidemic groups compared to control group (p<0.01 to p<0.001). Beyond lipid-lowering effect in the treated hyperlipidemic and asthmatic-hyperlipidemic groups, rosuvastatin treatment decreased tracheal responsiveness to methacholine, reduced total WBC count, the numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes, as well as decreased malondialdehyde concentration, and increased total thiol content, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in treated asthmatic and asthmatic-hyperlipidemic groups (p<0.05 to p<0.001).
The improving effect of rosuvastatin on asthmatic and asthmatic-hyperlipidemic animals was shown due to pleiotropic mechanisms including the effect on airway hyperresponsiveness, lung inflammation, and oxidative stress.
Decreased Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 2 and 4 Expression in Spermatozoa in Couples with Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion (URSA)
Authors: Sereshki Nasrin , Andalib Alireza , Ghahiri Ataollah , Mehrabian Ferdos , Sherkat Roya , Rezaei Abbas
Published: January 2020

Studies have shown that toll-like receptors (TLRs) play some important roles in reproductive processes such as ovulation, spermatogenesis, sperm capacitation, fertilization, and pregnancy to the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated the expression and role of these molecules and their impairment in spermatozoa; accompanied by pregnancy complications such as recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Therefore, this study investigates the alteration of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in spermatozoa in men whose spouse have unexplained RSA.
Fifteen fertile couples and fifteen couples with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) were included in this study. The level of TLR2 and TLR4 expression in untreated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or PAM3CYS in treated spermatozoa were examined by flow cytometry.
The results showed reduced expression of TLR4 in untreated spermatozoa and decreased LPS or PAM3CYS levels in treated spermatozoa in the URSA group compared to the control group. No significant differences were found in TLR2 expression of untreated spermatozoa in RSA and control groups. After the treatment of spermatozoa with LPS, the TLR2 expression was decreased in both groups. After the treatment of spermatozoa with PAM3CYS, the level of TLR2 expression was significantly increased in the URSA group; while no significant differences were shown in the control group in comparison to untreated spermatozoa.
We have concluded that decreased TLR4 expression and a differently increased TLR2 expression in response to ligand treatment in spermatozoa is associated with URSA.