bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspirations and realities of polycentric development: Insights from multi-source data into the emerging urban form of Shanghai
Authors: Yang Tianren , Jin Ying , Yan Longxu , Pei Pei
Published: August 2019

The polycentric idea has recently been reinvigorated in many rapidly urbanising countries, but the paucity of reliable and disaggregated data has so far made it almost impossible to understand the policy feedback there. This paper capitalises on official statistical data, novel online data, and proprietary digital data, and builds a dynamic spatial equilibrium model for understanding the past lessons and future options for developing new urban sub-centres. Following the post-2010 situation of a negative sign of monocentric bid-rent curve and physical polycentric growth, we assemble, corroborate, and validate multi-source data sets within the model to explore possible polycentric development scenarios (2010–2035). The data analysis and model tests show that over time, the balance between jobs and housing provision appears to have been lost, and it is insufficient job opportunities in the planned sub-centres rather than any lack of housing development that has led to the loss of this balance. Localised circumstances have also played a role in this overarching pattern of evolution. The insights are cogent for current decision making regarding polycentric planning and growth, especially in developing countries.
Triple Arthrodesis for Adult-Acquired Flatfoot Deformity
Authors: Erard MAJ Uma E. , Sheean MAJ Andrew J. , Sangeorzan Bruce J.
Published: August 2019

Originally described as a means to address fixed deformities or uncontrolled movement of the hindfoot observed in paralytic foot deformities, triple arthrodesis has evolved into a powerful procedure for the correction of a variety of foot deformities. Over the past decade, multiple advances have been made with respect to diagnostic imaging, fixation options, bone graft substitutes, and postoperative regimens. While this operation requires experience and skill to execute, when properly performed, it allows for correction of deformity and a plantigrade and ideally pain-free foot for ambulation. The purpose of this review is to highlight advances in the procedure and its application to the rigid planovalgus foot.

Level of Evidence:

Level V, review.
Primary glaucoma surgery in Fuchs’ heterochromic uveitis: a comparison of trabeculectomy versus deep sclerectomy
Authors: Walkden Andrew , Mercieca Karl , Perumal Divya , Anand Nitin
Published: August 2019

Background:

Deep sclerectomy offers the potential advantage of less postoperative inflammation and better survival in Fuchs’ patients. The aim of this study was to compare survival and safety profiles of Fuchs’ heterochromic uveitis patients undergoing trabeculectomy or deep sclerectomy.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted of two separate cohorts who had undergone either trabeculectomy or deep sclerectomy. Patient demographics, best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, antimetabolite used, postoperative complications and subsequent procedures were analysed.

Results:

In total, 13 trabeculectomy patients and 14 deep sclerectomy patients were included. Mean preoperative intraocular pressure was similar at 30.1 mmHg in the trabeculectomy group and 35.9 mmHg in the deep sclerectomy group, with no significant difference between the two ( p = 0.22). Kaplan–Meier survival outcomes for success at <22 mmHg and <19 mmHg showed no significant differences between the groups and this was also the case for intraocular pressure at 3 years (analysis of variance; p = 0.47).

Conclusion:

Both procedures appear to have similar efficacy and safety profiles, suggesting that both are effective.
The association of CMV with NK-cell reconstitution depends on graft source: results from BMT CTN-0201 samples
Authors: Rashidi Armin , Luo Xianghua , Cooley Sarah , Anasetti Claudio , Waller Edmund K. , Brunstein Claudio G. , Cichocki Frank , Weisdorf Daniel J. , Miller Jeffrey S.
Published: August 2019

Key Points

CMV reactivation was associated with the maturation of reconstituting NK cells from BM, but not PB, unrelated donor grafts. CMV reactivation was associated with CD8+, but not CD4+, T-cell recovery, more so after BM than PB unrelated donor grafts.
In silico prediction of structural changes in human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 oncoprotein and its variants
Authors: Rodríguez-Ruiz Hugo Alberto , Garibay-Cerdenares Olga Lilia , Illades-Aguiar Berenice , Montaño Sarita , Jiang Xiaowei , Leyva-Vázquez Marco Antonio
Published: August 2019

Background

HPV16 infection is one of the main risk factors involved in the development of cervical cancer, mainly due to the high oncogenic potential of the viral proteins E6 and E7, which are involved in the different processes of malignant transformation. There is a broad spectrum of intratypical variation of E6, which is reflected in its high diversity, biological behavior, global distribution and risk of causing cervical cancer. Experimental studies have shown that the intratypical variants of the protein E6 from the European variants (E-G350, E-A176/G350, E-C188/G350) and Asian-American variants (AAa and AAc), are capable of inducing the differential expression of genes involved in the development of cervical cancer.

Results

An in silico analysis was performed to characterize the molecular effects of these variations using the structure of the HPV16 E6 oncoprotein (PDB: 4XR8; chain H) as a template. In particular, we evaluated the 3D structures of the intratypical variants by structural alignment, ERRAT, Ramachandran plots and prediction of protein disorder, which was further validated by molecular dynamics simulations. Our results, in general, showed no significant changes in the protein 3D structure. However, we observed subtle changes in protein physicochemical features and structural disorder in the N- and C-termini.

Conclusions

Our results showed that mutations in the viral oncogene E6 of six high-risk HPV16 variants are effectively neutral and do not cause significant structural changes except slight variations of structural disorder. As structural disorder is involved in rewiring protein-protein interactions, these results suggest a differential pattern of interaction of E6 with the target protein P53 and possibly different patterns of tumor aggressiveness associated with certain types of variants of the E6 oncoprotein.
Peglated-H1/pHGFK1 nanoparticles enhance anti-tumor effects of sorafenib by inhibition of drug-induced autophagy and stemness in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Gao Xiaoge , Jiang Pin , Zhang Qian , Liu Qian , Jiang Shuangshuang , Liu Ling , Guo Maomao , Cheng Qian , Zheng Junnian , Yao Hong
Published: August 2019

Background

Tumor targeting small molecular inhibitors are the most popular treatments for many malignant diseases, including cancer. However, the lower clinical response and drug resistance still limit their clinical efficacies. HGFK1, the first kringle domain of hepatocyte growth factor, has been defined as a potent anti-angiogenic factor. Here, we aimed to develop and identify novel nanoparticles—PH1/pHGFK1 as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Methods

We produced a novel cationic polymer—PH1 and investigated the anti-tumor activity of PH1/pHGFK1 nanoparticle alone and its combination therapy with sorafenib in RCC cell line xenografted mice model. Then, we figured out its molecular mechanisms in human RCC cell lines in vitro.

Results

We firstly demonstrated that intravenous injection of PH1/pHGFK1 nanoparticles significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice, as well as synergistically enhanced anti-tumor activities of sorafenib. Furthermore, we elucidated that recombinant HGFK1 improved sorafenib-induced cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycle. In addition, HGFK1 could also decrease sorafenib-induced autophagy and stemness via blockading NF-κB signaling pathway in RCC both in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions

HGFK1 could inhibit tumor growth, synergistically enhance anti-tumor activities of sorafenib and reverse its drug resistance evolution in RCC. Our results provide rational basis for clinical application of sorafenib and HGFK1 combination therapy in RCC patients.
Enzymatic potential and biosurfactant production by endophytic fungi from mangrove forest in Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Martinho Vivian , dos Santos Lima Lidiane Maria , Barros Caroline Almeida , Ferrari Vitor Baptista , Passarini Michel Rodrigo Zambrano , Santos Leonardo André , de Souza Sebastianes Fernanda Luisa , Lacava Paulo Teixeira , de Vasconcellos Suzan Pantaroto
Published: August 2019

Microbial activity is the main route for cycling mangrove nutrients. In general, microorganisms have abilities to degrade lignocellulosic compounds. Among the biotechnological potential of the microbiota from mangroves, it is noteworthy about endophytic fungi, which can be considered as effective sources of different bioactive compounds. In this sense, thirty (30) endophytic fungi were isolated from mangrove forest sampling Cananeia, SP, Brazil. These microorganisms were analyzed about their enzymatic activities including: lignin peroxidase EC 1.11.1.14, manganese peroxidase EC 1.11.1.13 and laccase EC 1.10.3.2, as well endo-cellulase EC 3.2.1.4 and endo-xylanase EC 3.2.1.8. Besides that, production of bioactive secondary metabolites like biosurfactant and/or bioemulsifier was also investigated. As results, nineteen (19) isolates were selected about their ligninolytic abilities, nine (9) of them about cellulase activity and thirteen (13) showed xylanase abilities. The fungal isolate named as 3(3), characterized as Fusarium sambucinum, showed a prominent lignin peroxidase (42.4 U L−1) and manganese peroxidase (23.6 U L−1) activities. The isolate 63.1, also related to Fusarium sp. genera, was selected about its laccase activity (41.5 U L−1). From all the investigated fungi, the isolate 47(4) Trichoderma camerunense was selected about its cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities, showing 45.23 and 26.09 U mL−1, respectively. The same fungi also showed biosurfactant ability demonstrated by superficial tension decreasing to 38 mN/m. In addition, fifteen (15) fungi exhibited bioemulsifier activity, with E24 values up to 62.8%.
Estimating normal moveout velocity using the recurrent neural network
Authors: Biswas Reetam , Vassiliou Anthony , Stromberg Rodney , Sen Mrinal K.
Published: August 2019

Machine learning (ML) has recently gained immense popularity because of its successful application in complex problems. It develops an abstract relation between the input and output. We have evaluated the application of ML to the most basic seismic processing of normal moveout (NMO) correction. The arrival times of reflection events in a common midpoint (CMP) gather follow a hyperbolic trajectory; thus, they require a correction term to flatten the CMP gather before stacking. This correction term depends on an rms velocity, also referred to as the NMO velocity. In general, NMO velocity is estimated using the semblance measures and picking the peaks in the velocity panel. This process requires a lot of human intervention and computation time. We have developed a novel method using one of the tools based on an ML- approach and applied to the NMO velocity estimation problem. We use the recurrent neural network (RNN) to estimate the NMO velocity directly from the seismic data. The input to the network is a seismic gather and corresponding precalculated NMO velocity (as prelabeled data set) to flatten the gather. We first train the network to develop a relationship between the input gathers (before NMO correction) and the corresponding NMO velocities for a few CMPs as a supervised learning process. Adam optimization algorithm is used to train the RNN. The output from the network is then compared against the correct NMO velocity. The error between the two velocities is then used to update the weight of the neurons and to minimize the mean-squared error between the two velocities. After the network is trained, it can be used to calculate the NMO velocity for the rest of the seismic gathers. We evaluate our method on a noisy data set from Poland. We used only 10% of the CMPs to train the network, and then we used the trained network to predict NMO velocity for the remaining CMP locations. The stack section obtained by using RNN-generated NMO velocities is nearly identical to that obtained by the conventional semblance method.
Kinesin-8 and Dis1/TOG collaborate to limit spindle elongation from prophase to anaphase A for proper chromosome segregation in fission yeast
Authors: Pinder Corinne , Matsuo Yuzy , Maurer Sebastian P. , Toda Takashi
Published: August 2019

High-fidelity chromosome segregation relies on proper microtubule regulation. Kinesin-8 has been shown to destabilise microtubules to reduce metaphase spindle length and chromosome movements in multiple species. XMAP215/chTOG polymerases catalyse microtubule growth for spindle assembly, elongation and kinetochore-microtubule attachment. Understanding of their biochemical activity has advanced, but little work directly addresses the functionality and interplay of these conserved factors. We utilised the synthetic lethality of fission yeast kinesin-8 (Klp5-Klp6) and XMAP215/chTOG (Dis1) to study their individual and overlapping roles. We found that the non-motor kinesin-8 tailbox is essential for mitotic function; mutation compromises plus-end-directed processivity. Klp5-Klp6 induces catastrophes to control microtubule length and, surprisingly, Dis1 collaborates with kinesin-8 to slow spindle elongation. Together, they enforce a maximum spindle length for a viable metaphase–anaphase transition and limit elongation during anaphase A to prevent lagging chromatids. Our work provides mechanistic insight into how kinesin-8 negatively regulates microtubules and how this functionally overlaps with Dis1 and highlights the importance of spindle length control in mitosis.
Aerobic Recovery after Radical Prostatectomy: A Case Study
Authors: SWAIN DAVID P. , WYNNE JAISON L. , WILSON PATRICK B.
Published: August 2019

Purpose

This case study examined the recovery after radical prostatectomy (RP) of an endurance-trained 65-yr-old man.

Methods

A maximal incremental exercise test and a 1-h steady-state test were performed just before and 3 months after robotic RP to determine maximal oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) and other cardiorespiratory variables. The patient recorded his training as he prepared for an endurance event that was to occur 3 months after RP, the Norwegian Foot March, a 30-km road march carrying 11.4 kg.

Results

In the month before RP, the patient performed 2 to 3 h of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise per week, fast walking carrying an 11.4-kg pack, with the longest individual session being a 16-km road march. Just before surgery, V˙O2max was 36.7 mL·min−1·kg−1, HR during 30 min at 7.2 km·h−1 and 0% grade was 77% of HR reserve (HRR), and during 30 min at 5.3 km·h−1 and 10% grade was 92% HRR. On postsurgery day 44, he did a 19-km road march carrying 11.4 kg, exceeding the training level of the month presurgery. Three months postsurgery, V˙O2max was 42.7 mL·min−1·kg−1, and HR during the flat and uphill 30-min sessions at the same absolute intensity as presurgery were 70% and 83% HRR, respectively. He completed the Norwegian Foot March 93 d postsurgery in 4:24:37, with an average HR of 72% HRR.

Conclusions

This case study demonstrates that an aerobically trained prostate cancer patient can return to high-level aerobic training in as little as 7 wk post-RP, and even exceed presurgery fitness. This finding has implications for prognosis given the beneficial effect of vigorous-intensity exercise on prostate cancer progression.
Ο Κώστας Στεργιόπουλος (1926-2016) και η Συγκριτική Φιλολογία
Authors: Πολίτου-Μαρμαρινού Ελένη
Published: August 2019

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Ex Nihilo…1943-2014. Εβδομήντα Χρόνια από τις «Μέρες» του Κώστα Στεργιόπουλου
Authors: Ζήρας Αλέξης
Published: August 2019

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Βιβλιοσυγκρίσεις
Authors: Ταμπάκη Άννα , Fréris Georges , Ekdawi Sarah , Δημητρούλια Τιτίκα
Published: August 2019

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Growth performance and survival rate of Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) broodstock females fed varying doses of amaranth extracts
Authors: Efrizal Efrizal , Syam Zuhri , Rusnam Rusnam , Suryati Suryati
Published: August 2019

Background: Formulated diets made from food waste enriched with amaranth extract largely determine the level of softshell crab production. The study was carried out to analyze the growth performance and survival rate of blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) broodstock females fed formulated diets with different doses of amaranth extracts.

Methods: The female crab samples were collected from the coastal region of Padang, West Sumatra. The method used in this study was a completely randomized design, with four treatments and five replications of amaranth extract-enriched diets (0, 250, 500, and 750 ng/g crab).

Results: The results show that the enrichment of the formulated diet with amaranth extracts significantly affected (P < 0.05) the absolute weight gain (AWG), carapace length (ACL), and carapace width (ACW).

Conclusions: A quadratic relationship existed between the amaranth extract dose in the formulated diet and the AWG, ACL and ACW.
HDCytoData: Collection of high-dimensional cytometry benchmark datasets in Bioconductor object formats
Authors: Weber Lukas M. , Soneson Charlotte
Published: August 2019

Benchmarking is a crucial step during computational analysis and method development. Recently, a number of new methods have been developed for analyzing high-dimensional cytometry data. However, it can be difficult for analysts and developers to find and access well-characterized benchmark datasets. Here, we present HDCytoData, a Bioconductor package providing streamlined access to several publicly available high-dimensional cytometry benchmark datasets. The package is designed to be extensible, allowing new datasets to be contributed by ourselves or other researchers in the future. Currently, the package includes a set of experimental and semi-simulated datasets, which have been used in our previous work to evaluate methods for clustering and differential analyses. Datasets are formatted into standard SummarizedExperiment and flowSet Bioconductor object formats, which include complete metadata within the objects. Access is provided through Bioconductor's ExperimentHub interface. The package is freely available from http://bioconductor.org/packages/HDCytoData.
Performance of Lipoarabinomannan Assay using Cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of Tuberculous meningitis among HIV patients
Authors: Kwizera Richard , Cresswell Fiona V. , Mugumya Gerald , Okirwoth Micheal , Kagimu Enock , Bangdiwala Ananta S. , Williams Darlisha A. , Rhein Joshua , Boulware David R. , Meya David B.
Published: August 2019

Background: The diagnostic utility of the Mycobacteria tuberculosis lipoarabinomannan (TB-LAM) antigen lateral flow assay on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) has not been extensively studied and the few published studies have conflicting results.

Methods: Lumbar CSF from 59 HIV-positive patients with suspected TBM was tested with TB-LAM and Xpert MTB/Rif Ultra. The diagnostic performance of CSF TB-LAM was compared to positive CSF Xpert MTB/Rif Ultra (definite TBM) and a composite reference of probable or definite TBM according to the uniform case definition. 

Results: Of 59 subjects, 12 (20%) had definite TBM and five (9%) had probable TBM. With reference to definite TBM, CSF TB-LAM assay had a diagnostic sensitivity of 33% and specificity of 96%. When compared to a composite reference of definite or probable TBM, the sensitivity was 24% and specificity was 95%. There were two false positive tests with TB-LAM (3+ grade). In-hospital mortality in CSF TB-LAM positive patients was 17% compared to 0% in those with definite TBM by Xpert MTB/Rif Ultra but negative LAM.

Conclusions: Lumbar CSF TB-LAM has a poor performance in diagnosing TBM. Both urine TB-LAM and Xpert Ultra should be further investigated in the diagnosis of TBM.
Theory and methods of education
Authors: Маленкова Людмила , Malenkova Lyudmila
Published: August 2019

The textbook is prepared in accordance with the state standard of basic pedagogical education.
Its purpose is to increase the level of scientific training of students and teachers-practitioners of various children's educational organizations, as well as methodological equipment of the educational process, the introduction of modern technologies of education in practice. The textbook will be a good help for teachers in self-development of their professional skills.
It is addressed to students of pedagogical educational institutions, graduate students, novice teachers,practitioners, students of the system of advanced training, as well as heads of educational institutions, organizing the process of education.
Review of medical waste management in Jordanian health care organisations
Authors: Al-Momani Hesham , Obaidat Mazen , Khazaleh Atif , Muneizel Osama , Afyouni Nour M , Fayyad Sayel M
Published: August 2019

Background/Aims

Medical waste, or clinical waste, is generated in hospitals, clinics, and pharmaceutical manufacturing as a result of the diagnosis, treatment and medicine that is being produced across the healthcare system. This waste can have a severe effect on both the environment and population health. Overall, between 75% and 90% of the waste produced by healthcare providers is non-risk general waste or domestic waste. It is therefore mandatory for healthcare organisations to have an effective medical waste management plan to eliminate real health and environmental hazards.

Methods

This article critically reviews literature that investigates the administrative procedures and collection protocols regarding medical waste.

Results

Several problems occur during the disposal of medical waste in hospitals in Jordan. The research demonstrates how effective waste management can reduce health risks and protect the environment.

Conclusion

Overall, there is a poor handling of medical waste, which extends to a lack of regulations that govern medical waste procedure.
KIF11 as a Potential Marker of Spermatogenesis Within Mouse Seminiferous Tubule Cross-sections
Authors: Hara-Yokoyama Miki , Kurihara Hidetake , Ichinose Shozo , Matsuda Hironori , Ichinose Shizuko , Kurosawa Masaru , Tada Norihiro , Iwahara Chihiro , Terasawa Kazue , Podyma-Inoue Katarzyna A. , Furukawa Koichi , Iwabuchi Kazuhisa
Published: August 2019

The arrangement of immature germ cells changes regularly and periodically along the axis of the seminiferous tubule, and is used to describe the progression of spermatogenesis. This description is based primarily on the changes in the acrosome and the nuclear morphology of haploid spermatids. However, such criteria cannot be applied under pathological conditions with arrested spermatid differentiation. In such settings, the changes associated with the differentiation of premeiotic germ cells must be analyzed. Here, we found that the unique bipolar motor protein, KIF11 (kinesin-5/Eg5), which functions in spindle formation during mitosis and meiosis in oocytes and early embryos, is expressed in premeiotic germ cells (spermatogonia and spermatocytes). Thus, we aimed to investigate whether KIF11 could be used to describe the progression of incomplete spermatogenesis. Interestingly, KIF11 expression was barely observed in haploid spermatids and Sertoli cells. The KIF11 staining allowed us to evaluate the progression of meiotic processes, by providing the time axis of spindle formation in both normal and spermatogenesis-arrested mutant mice. Accordingly, KIF11 has the potential to serve as an excellent marker to describe spermatogenesis, even in the absence of spermatid development.
Elevated ATF4 Expression in Odontogenic Keratocysts Epithelia: Potential Involvement in Tissue Hypoxia and Stromal M2 Macrophage Infiltration
Authors: Zhong Wen-Qun , Li Zhi-Zheng , Jiang Hao , Zou Yan-Ping , Wang Hai-Tao , Cai Yu , Zhao Yi , Zhao Ji-Hong
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in odontogenic keratocysts (OKC), its association with hypoxia and M2-polarized macrophages infiltration, and its potential relationships with angiogenesis in OKC. The expression of ATF4, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) in OKC samples and normal oral mucosa (OM) was detected by immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, microvessel density (MVD) was measured using antibody against CD31. M2-polarized macrophages were identified using double-staining for CD68+ and CD163+. The correlations of ATF4 with HIF-1α, M-CSF, and M2-polarized macrophages infiltration were determined by Spearman’s rank correlation test and hierarchical clustering. Human immortalized oral epithelial cells (HIOECs) were used in in vitro experiments. Our data showed that the expression of HIF-1α, ATF4, and M-CSF was significantly upregulated in the epithelium of OKC when compared with the OM. The expression of ATF4 was positively correlated with that of HIF-1α, M-CSF, MVD, and M2-polarized macrophages infiltration. Elevated expression of ATF4 in the epithelial lining of OKC may facilitate the M2 macrophages infiltration in response to hypoxia, leading to the development of OKC.
Avaliação de fatores de risco e da variante G*0105N do gene HLA-G em pacientes com câncer de mama
Authors: Caron Alessandra , Justino Emily Bruna , Löfgren Sara Emilie , Serafin Couto Vieira Daniella , Sgorla de Almeida Bibiana , Muniz Yara Costa Netto
Published: August 2019

O câncer de mama é o tipo mais comum entre as mulheres. O sistema imune tem um papel essencial no controle de neoplasias, que se desenvolvem através do mecanismo de escape tumoral. Um gene imunorregulador com papel nesse mecanismo é o HLA-G. Uma deleção na região codificadora desse gene gera o alelo nulo G*0105N que impede a expressão de algumas isoformas, podendo estar relacionado a uma menor susceptibilidade ao câncer de mama. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a presença do alelo nulo do HLA-G em 106 mulheres com câncer de mama e em 96 mulheres sem evidência da neoplasia, para investigar uma possível associação entre o polimorfismo e a doença. Foi também realizado um levantamento de dados epidemiológicos, que foram testados como fatores de risco. O DNA foi extraído e a genotipagem feita por PCR – RFLP. Não foi observada a presença do polimorfismo no gene HLA-G em nenhuma das amostras analisadas. A prevalência do G*0105Nvaria entre as populações, resultado de processos evolutivos distintos nos diferentes grupos populacionais. Para os dados epidemiológicos a idade média para casos foi de 49 anos; 64% tiveram a menarca entre 12 e 14 anos; 78% amamentaram em algum período da vida; 72% fizeram uso de contraceptivos hormonais por um período de até 60 meses; e o tipo histológico de câncer mais incidente (72%) foi o Ductal Invasivo. Embora o polimorfismo não tenha sido detectado nas amostras analisadas, a análise dos dados epidemiológicos reforça a participação desses fatores no desenvolvimento da doença.
De Minas Gerais à Rússia: Os modos de atuação em Moscou
Authors: Zaidan Granato Luíza
Published: August 2019

Compreendendo a encenação como uma problemática que concerne também ao ator, o artigo parte de algumas formulações dos estudos atorais, encontradas nos textos de James Naremore, e da abordagem do sociólogo Erving Goffman para compreender o lugar da representação na obra de Eduardo Coutinho. Apoiando-se em artigo do pesquisador Fernão Pessoa Ramos, pretende-se delimitar as características da “encenação-direta” e da “encenação-construída” no documentário Moscou e os modos de atuação presentes no filme. (2009).
Rosto, tela, espelho: reflexões sobre o cinema de Walter Hugo Khouri
Authors: Paz Sales Ximenes Carmo Isabel
Published: August 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é empreender uma breve análise da relação entre o rosto e a presença de espelhos na obra do realizador brasileiro Walter Hugo Khouri. Os rostos na obra khouriana muitas vezes se mostram impassíveis e difíceis de decifrar, ao mesmo tempo em que o diretor cria diversas cenas em que as personagens observam os próprios rostos refletidos em espelhos, gesto que pode ser associado a figuras míticas como a do Narciso e à ideia da mortalidade. Propomos aqui investigar algumas sequências de reflexão especular a partir do conceito de mise en abyme e acerca de como o aparato de produção e reprodução cinematográficos contribuem para uma duplicação infinita do caráter enigmático do rosto operada por essas três superfícies: rosto, tela e espelho.
Guará Rodrigues: a trajetória cinematográfica de um ator-autor
Authors: Duarte Theo Costa
Published: August 2019

Ao longo de mais de 40 anos de carreira como ator no cinema, Guaracy Rodrigues (1943-2006) teve em geral apenas pequenas papeis o que não o impediu de ser um possível co-autor das sequências em que interveio, alterando frequentemente o próprio registro dramático dos filmes em razão de sua presença em cena. Neste artigo pretende-se analisar a trajetória cinematográfica de Guará, como era mais conhecido, observando as constantes gestuais, físicas e formais que o singularizaram no panorama do cinema brasileiro e pelas quais seria constantemente chamado para colocar em cena.
Fundações permanentes
Authors: Elduque Albert
Published: August 2019

Recensão do livro "Foundational Films: Early Cinema and Modernity in Brazil", de Maite Conde.
Spirit of place, spirit of face
Authors: Monassa Tatiana
Published: August 2019

"The Deserted", uma breve retrospectiva dos filmes de Tsai Ming-liang, organizada pela Tate Film, em Abril de 2019, mostrou uma selecção de títulos, colocando em evidência o trabalho do cineasta entre o limiar do filme e das artes visuais.
Cinema para ler: da importância da imprensa cinematográfica
Authors: Duarte Joana Isabel
Published: August 2019

Recensão do livro La prensa cinematográfica en España (1910-2010), da autoria de Jorge Nieto Ferrando e José Enrique Monterde (Shangrila, 2018).
SOCIOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE AND IDEOLOGY IN THE GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC: THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION PROCESSES OF A DISCIPLINE
Authors: GRÜNING BARBARA
Published: August 2019

This article analyzes the dissemination of sociological knowledge in the social sciences and humanities (SSH) and other fields of cultural production in the German Democratic Republic (GDR), from the early postwar period to German reunification. In this regard, I investigate the relationships between sociology and politics, taking into account the specific contexts of the GDR-State and the institutionalization processes of these disciplines. To prevent a deterministic understanding of political power on academic and scientific systems, I adopt the Bourdieusian concept of field (cf. Bourdieu 1966; 1984; 1985; Bourdieu and Wacquant 1992; Bourdieu and Boltanski 2008). This concept allows me to highlight how the relationship between the academic and political fields changed over time by simultaneously looking at the influences of political, cultural, social and economic transformations of GDR society on the political goals of the GDR-State and the strategies of sociologists within the broader field of production of sociological knowledge.
HISTORICAL POLITICS, MELTED CITIZENSHIP AND EDUCATION ABOUT THE HOLOCAUST: INTERVIEW WITH JOLANTA AMBROSEWICZ-JACOBS
Authors: AMBROSEWICZ-JACOBS JOLANTA , ODROWĄŻ-COATES ANNA
Published: August 2019

Dear Professor Ambrosewicz-Jacobs, you are an icon for education about the Holocaust in Poland, you are very well regarded abroad and well known for that reason. I will start with some simple questions to get our conversation going. First question: Would you say that there are challenges in the preservation of memory about the Holocaust and challenges for the preservation of historic objectivity?
Restricted Unilateral Ankle Dorsiflexion Movement Increases Interlimb Vertical Force Asymmetries in Bilateral Bodyweight Squatting
Authors: Crowe Martyn A. , Bampouras Theodoros M. , Walker‐Small Katie , Howe Louis P.
Published: August 2019

Crowe, MA, Bampouras, TM, Small, K, and Howe, LP. Restricted unilateral ankle dorsiflexion movement increases interlimb vertical force asymmetries in bilateral bodyweight squatting. J Strength Cond Res 34(2): 332–336, 2020—The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of unilateral restrictions in ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion (DF-ROM) on interlimb vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) asymmetries. Twenty healthy and physically active volunteers (age 23 ± 3 years; height 1.72 ± 0.1 m; mass 74.9 ± 20.3 kg) performed 3 barefoot bodyweight squats (control condition) and with a 10° custom-built forefoot wedge under the right foot to artificially imitate ankle DF-ROM restriction (wedge condition). Force data were used to calculate the mean asymmetry index score for the upper descent phase, lower descent phase, lower ascent phase, and upper ascent phase during the bilateral squat. Significant differences were found for comparisons for each phase between conditions, with effect sizes ranging between 0.7 and 1.1. Asymmetry index scores indicated that for all phases, the unrestricted limb in the wedge condition produced greater vGRF. Therefore, interlimb differences in ankle DF-ROM can cause interlimb asymmetries in vGRF during bilateral squatting. As such, athletes with asymmetrical squat mechanics should be screened for interlimb differences in ankle DF-ROM to ascertain whether it is a contributing factor.
Postinjury Inhibition of miR-181a Promotes Restoration of Hippocampal CA1 Neurons after Transient Forebrain Ischemia in Rats
Authors: Griffiths Brian B. , Ouyang Yi-Bing , Xu Lijun , Sun Xiaoyun , Giffard Rona G. , Stary Creed M.
Published: August 2019

The cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating postinjury neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus remain undefined. We have previously demonstrated that preinjury treatment with anti-microRNA (miR)-181a preserved neurons and prevented astrocyte dysfunction in the hippocampal cornu ammonis-1 (CA1) following transient forebrain ischemia. In the present study, we assessed postinjury treatment with anti-miR-181a on recovery of CA1 neurons following transient forebrain ischemia in rats. Stereotactic CA1 injection of miR-181a antagomir at either 2 h or 7 d postinjury resulted in improved restoration of CA1 measured at 28 d postinjury. Treatment with antagomir was associated with overexpression of the mir-181a target cell adhesion-associated, oncogene-related protein and enhanced expression of the neuroprogenitor cell marker doublecortin (DCX) in the CA1. Assessment of GFAP+cell fate by Cre/Lox-mediated deletion demonstrated that some GFAP+cells in CA1 exhibitedde novoDCX expression in response to injury.In vitroexperiments using primary neuronal stem cells confirmed that miR-181a inhibition augmented the expression of DCX and directed cellular differentiation toward a neuronal fate. These results suggest that miR-181a inhibition plays a central role in the restoration of CA1 neurons via augmentation of early latent neurogenic gene activation in neural progenitor cells, including some reactive astrocytes. Therapeutic interventions targeting this restorative process may represent a novel postinjury approach to improve clinical outcomes in survivors of forebrain ischemia.
Learning Desire Is Predicted by Similar Neural Processing of Naturalistic Educational Materials
Authors: Zhu (朱怡) Yi , Pan (潘亚峰) Yafeng , Hu (胡谊) Yi
Published: August 2019

Naturalistic stimuli can elicit highly similar brain activity across viewers. How do naturalistic educational materials engage human brains and evoke learning desire? Here, we presented 15 audiovisual course clips (each lasting ∼120 s) to university students and recorded their neural activity through electroencephalography. Upon finishing all the video viewings, subjects ranked 15 courses in order of learning desire and reported the reasons for high learning desire (i.e., “value” and “interest”). The brain activity during the video viewing was measured as the neural similarity via intersubject correlation (ISC), that is, correlation between each subject’s neural responses and those of others. Based on averaged learning desire rankings across subjects, course clips were classified with high versus medium versus low motivational effectiveness. We found that the ISC of high effective course clips was larger than that of low effective ones. The ISC difference (high vs low) was positively associated with subjects’ learning desire difference (high vs low). Such an association occurred when viewing time accumulated to ∼80 s. Moreover, ISC was correlated with “interest-based” rather than “value-based” learning desire. These findings advance our understanding of learning motivation via the neural similarity in the context of on-line education and provide potential neurophysiological suggestions for pedagogical practices.
Long-Distance Axon Regeneration Promotes Recovery of Diaphragmatic Respiratory Function after Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Urban Mark W. , Ghosh Biswarup , Block Cole G. , Strojny Laura R. , Charsar Brittany A. , Goulão Miguel , Komaravolu Sreeya S. , Smith George M. , Wright Megan C. , Li Shuxin , Lepore Angelo C.
Published: August 2019

Compromise in inspiratory breathing following cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) is caused by damage to descending bulbospinal axons originating in the rostral ventral respiratory group (rVRG) and consequent denervation and silencing of phrenic motor neurons (PhMNs) that directly control diaphragm activation. In a rat model of high-cervical hemisection SCI, we performed systemic administration of an antagonist peptide directed against phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a central inhibitor of neuron-intrinsic axon growth potential. PTEN antagonist peptide (PAP4) robustly restored diaphragm function, as determined with electromyography (EMG) recordings in living SCI animals. PAP4 promoted substantial, long-distance regeneration of injured rVRG axons through the lesion and back toward PhMNs located throughout the C3–C5 spinal cord. These regrowing rVRG axons also formed putative excitatory synaptic connections with PhMNs, demonstrating reconnection of rVRG-PhMN-diaphragm circuitry. Lastly, re-lesion through the hemisection site completely ablated functional recovery induced by PAP4. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that axon regeneration in response to systemic PAP4 administration promoted recovery of diaphragmatic respiratory function after cervical SCI.
Remote Postischemic Conditioning Promotes Stroke Recovery by Shifting Circulating Monocytes to CCR2+Proinflammatory Subset
Authors: Yang Jiwon , Balkaya Mustafa , Beltran Cesar , Heo Ji Hoe , Cho Sunghee
Published: August 2019

Brain injury from stroke is typically considered an event exclusive to the CNS, but injury progression and repair processes are profoundly influenced by peripheral immunity. Stroke stimulates an acute inflammatory response that results in a massive infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the ischemic area. While these cells contribute to the development of brain injury, their recruitment has been considered as a key step for tissue repair. The paradoxical role of inflammatory monocytes in stroke raises the possibility that the manipulation of peripheral immune cells before infiltration into the brain could influence stroke outcome. One such manipulation is remote ischemic limb conditioning (RLC), which triggers an endogenous tolerance mechanism. We observed that mice subjected to poststroke RLC shifted circulating monocytes to a CCR2+proinflammatory monocyte subset and had reduced acute brain injury, swelling, and improved motor/gait function in chronic stroke. The RLC benefits were observed regardless of injury severity, with a greater shift to a CCR2+subset in severe stroke. Adoptive transfer of CCR2-deficient monocytes abolished RLC-mediated protection. The study demonstrates the importance of RLC-induced shift of monocytes to a CCR2+proinflammatory subset in attenuating acute injury and promoting functional recovery in chronic stroke. The defined immune-mediated mechanism underlying RLC benefits allows for an evidence-based framework for the development of immune-based therapeutic strategies for stroke patients.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTStroke is the leading cause of physical disability worldwide but has few treatment options for patients. Because remote ischemic limb conditioning (RLC) elicits endogenous tolerance in neither an organ- nor a tissue-specific manner, the immune system has been considered a mediator for an RLC-related benefit. Application of RLC after stroke increased a proinflammatory CCR2+monocyte subset in the blood and the brain. RLC reduced acute stroke injury and promoted motor/gait function during the recovery phase. The RLC benefits were absent in mice that received CCR2-deficient monocytes. This preclinical study shows the importance of CCR2+proinflammatory monocytes in RLC benefits in stroke and provides a therapeutic RLC platform as a novel immune strategy to improve outcomes in stroke patients.
CD83 is locally regulated and differentially expressed in disturbed murine pregnancy
Authors: Einenkel Rebekka , Packhäuser Katrin Regina Helene , Ehrhardt Jens , Tüngler Anne , Zygmunt Marek , Muzzio Damián Oscar
Published: August 2019

Alterations in the immunologic balance during pregnancy have been associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. The underlying mechanisms are complex and mouse models delivered valuable information on inflammatory imbalance in disturbed pregnancies and served as model to test potential anti-inflammatory therapies. CD83 is a transmembrane protein (mCD83) with a soluble form (sCD83) which possesses strong anti-inflammatory properties. During murine pregnancy, upregulated mCD83 expression induces sCD83 release after in vitro stimulation with LPS, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. The release mechanism of sCD83 and its control are yet to be elucidated. In this study, the expression of mCD83 and sCD83 has been extensively studied in the CBA/J × DBA/2J mouse model of pro-inflammatory-mediated pregnancy disturbances. mCD83 was higher expressed on splenic B cells, uterus-draining lymph nodes T cells and dendritic cells from mice with poor pregnancy outcome (PPOM) compared to mice with good pregnancy outcome (GPOM). PPOM, however, was accompanied by lower sCD83 serum levels. In vitro treatment of splenic B cells with progesterone led to a reduction of TIMP1 expression, mCD83 expression and sCD83 release, while TIMP1 treatment had a positive effect on sCD83 availability. These results suggest that tissue and matrix components are involved in the regulation of CD83 in murine pro-inflammatory pregnancies.
Preferencias estudiantiles de cursos libres sobre las modalidades de fitness o wellness según sexo
Authors: Anchía-Umaña Irina , Elizondo-Monge Ashley , Monge-Poltronieri Steve , Revuelta-Sánchez Inés , Sánchez-Ureña Braulio , Gutiérrez-Vargas Juan Carlos
Published: August 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar las preferencias de matrícula según sexo, del estudiantado de cursos libres de la Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida (CIEMHCAVI) de la Universidad Nacional en Costa Rica, en cuanto a las modalidades de fitness o wellness. Procedimiento: Esta investigación se desarrolló con un enfoque retrospectivo, con registros desde el año 2012 al 2016. Participantes: se trabajó con una muestra de 2112 estudiantes con edades desde los 17 a 62 años y un 28.3 ± 7.8 años, (1181 hombres y 931 mujeres), estudiantado usuario de los cursos libres impartidos entre los años 2012 a 2016 en la escuela CIEMHCAVI. Las variables estudiadas fueron género, edad, curso en el que participó y nivel aprobación o reprobación. Resultados: Se encontró que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas (χ 2 = 141.916, p = <.001) en las preferencias de la modalidad de curso según sexo, así como no existen diferencias entre cuartilos de edades (X2(3) = 2,939., p=<.40) o clasificación de género en los porcentajes de aprobación o reprobación de los cursos (χ 2 = .064, p = <.800).
Experiencia universitaria innovadora sobre didáctica de la motricidad infantil: De las aulas universitarias a las aulas de Educación Infantil
Authors: Martínez-Bello Vladimir , Bernabé-Villodre María Del Mar
Published: August 2019

La relación entre universidad y aulas de Educación Infantil parece concentrarse durante el Prácticum, y queda en el olvido una posible interrelación del currículo universitario con la realidad educativa en otras oportunidades de la formación universitaria. El objetivo del estudio fue el análisis de la implementación de una experiencia innovadora en el grado de Maestra o Maestro en Educación Infantil, mediante la participación de docentes de Educación Infantil, estudiantes y profesorado universitario. El estudiantado universitario fue dotado de un corpus teórico relativo a las principales perspectivas curriculares sobre la motricidad infantil, en el marco de la asignatura Didáctica de la Educación Física de la Educación Infantil (Universitat de Valencia, 2017a), complementada con formación práctica en movimiento musical. Se concertaron visitas a centros escolares para observar y reflexionar en relación con las sesiones de psicomotricidad en pequeños grupos. Las estudiantes elaboraron un documento de observación y reflexión en el que relacionaron los contenidos de las aulas universitarias con la experiencia en las aulas de psicomotricidad. Se destaca que la forma en que la maestra facilita la interacción mediante el uso de materiales, la atención a los contenidos referentes a las perspectivas teóricas, y la relación de conocimientos teóricos sobre la estructura de la sesión fueron algunas de las conclusiones elaboradas por el estudiantado. Se demuestra la necesidad de continuar innovando para acercar las aulas universitarias a los contextos educativos reales de las aulas de educación infantil. Finalmente, las visitas a los centros escolares para la observación y reflexión de sesiones de psicomotricidad infantil pueden favorecer la formación del profesorado en Educación Infantil.
Peligros de las redes sociales: Cómo educar a nuestros hijos e hijas en ciberseguridad
Authors: Astorga-Aguilar Cristel , Schmidt-Fonseca Ileana
Published: August 2019

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el estado del arte en el país sobre el conocimiento de los peligros de las redes sociales en línea y cómo protegerse por medio de buenas prácticas de ciberseguridad para las personas menores de edad. Por medio de una revisión bibliográfica se exponen diferentes temáticas relacionadas con manejo de las redes sociales y el peligro al que se exponen niños, niñas y adolescentes en Costa Rica; se evalúan términos de seguridad y privacidad, el rol de los padres y las madres de familia y algunos de los elementos en ciberseguridad de las redes sociales más populares en estas generaciones. Entre los principales hallazgos, se determinó que los mayores peligros de las redes sociales para las personas menores de edad son el ciberbulling, grooming, sexting y adicción, los cuales, sin una adecuada educación en seguridad cibernética, les hace más vulnerables. Las redes sociales más populares entre la niñez y la juventud son Facebook, Instragram, Whatsapp y SnapChat, y cada una se rige por una serie de condiciones de uso; además cada red social ofrece herramientas para asegurar la privacidad y la seguridad de los datos, pero deben ser configurados, y esto es básicamente lo que conocemos como ciberseguridad. Educar en ciberseguridad a las personas menores de edad es un nuevo reto para los padres y las madres de familia, que deben prepararse y conocer para enseñarles a protegerse de estos nuevos peligros.