bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inpatient mortality and healthcare resource utilization of nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage complications in the US
Authors: Park Christine , Charalambous Lefko T. , Yang Zidanyue , Adil Syed M. , Hodges Sarah E. , Lee Hui-Jie , Verbick Laura Zitella , McCabe Aaron R. , Lad Shivanand P.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

Nontraumatic, primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 2 million strokes worldwide annually and has a 1-year survival rate of 50%. Recent studies examining functional outcomes from ICH evacuation have been performed, but limited work has been done quantifying the incidence of subsequent complications and their healthcare economic impact. The purpose of this study was to quantify the incidence and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) for major complications that can arise from ICH.

METHODS

The IBM MarketScan Research databases were used to retrospectively identify patients with ICH from 2010 to 2015. Complications examined included cerebral edema, hydrocephalus, venous thromboembolic events (VTEs), pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and seizures. For each complication, inpatient mortality and HCRU were assessed.

RESULTS

Of 25,322 adult patients included, 10,619 (42%) developed complications during the initial admission of ICH: 22% had cerebral edema, 11% hydrocephalus, 10% pneumonia, 6% UTIs, 5% seizures, and 5% VTEs. The inpatient mortality rates at 7 and 30 days for each complication of ICH ranked from highest to lowest were hydrocephalus (24% and 32%), cerebral edema (15% and 20%), pneumonia (8% and 18%), seizure (7% and 13%), VTE (4% and 11%), and UTI (4% and 8%). Hydrocephalus had the highest total cost (median $92,776, IQR $39,308–$180,716) at 7 days post–ICH diagnosis and the highest cumulative total cost (median $170,839, IQR $91,462–$330,673) at 1 year post–ICH diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS

This study characterizes one of the largest cohorts of patients with nontraumatic ICH in the US. More than 42% of the patients with ICH developed complications during initial admission, which resulted in high inpatient mortality and considerable HCRU.
Stress-independent parameters for stress-strain relationship and damping in nonlinear one-dimensional seismic site response analysis
Authors: Hien Nghiem Manh
Published: January 2021

The modulus reduction and damping curves represent the nonlinear behavior of soil under cyclic load. In the literature, those curves were produced from lab tests of soil at particular confining stresses. This study developed a set of parameters that can be used to normalize the modulus reduction and damping curves to be stress-independent. The proposed formulations for the stress-independent parameters were implemented in the finite element code SRAP and validated through producing shear modulus reduction and damping curves that match the existed ones. Nonlinear 1D seismic site response analyses were conducted for centrifuge experiments to verify the developed computer code. Comparisons of the analysis results between SRAP and another computer code were presented in terms of maximum and minimum displacement, peak ground acceleration, maximum shear strain profiles, and response spectra.

Keywords:

backbone curve; hysteretic damping; dynamic soil model; stress-independent parameters; finite element method; nonlinear 1D seismic site response analysis.
Simulation of several flying situations of paragliders
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Xuan , Phan Phuong Thi-Thu , Pham Tien Van
Published: January 2021

Paragliding is an adventure and fascinating sport of flying paragliders. Paragliders can be launched by running from a slope or by a winch force from towing vehicles, using gravity forces as the motor for the motion of flying. This motion is governed by the gravity forces as well as time-varying aerodynamic ones which depend on the states of the motion of paraglider at each instant of time. There are few published articles considering mechanical problems of paragliders in their various flying situations. This article represents the mathematical modeling and simulation of several common flying situations of a paraglider through establishing and solving the governing differential equations in state-space. Those flying situations include the ones with constant headwind/tailwind with or without constant upwind; the ones with different scenario for the variations of headwind and tailwind combined with the upwind; the ones with varying pilot mass; and the ones whose several parameters are in the form of interval quantities. The simulations were conducted using a powerful Julia toolkit called DifferentialEquations.jl. The obtained results in each situation are discussed, and some recommendations are presented.

Keywords:

paraglider; simulation; modeling; state-space; ordinary differential equations; Julia; DifferentialEquations.jl
Socratic Questioning Enabled Analysis of Problem Behaviours
Authors: Venkatesan S.
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Socratic questioning involves asking questions to deconstruct static concepts and reconstruct fresh ones. The W-Question format (what-where-which-whom-when-how and why sequence) of asking queries is used for each statement made by respondents. This study investigates the effects of Socratic questioning in enabling self-analysis and critical thinking for understanding problem behaviours in their children by parents or caregivers. Both quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods of case-vignettes are used to demonstrate through clinical interviews, and the application of Socratic questioning to analyse commonly reported themes on problem behaviours in children. A thematic analysis of the interview transcripts was carried out on six categories, that is, questions on clarification, or probing assumptions, reasons and evidence, viewpoints and perspectives, and questions about questions. The results show how the questioning helps participants to know themselves, facilitate self-discovery, and self-healing. Although not as a stand-alone technique, Socratic questioning is a useful adjunct to clinical or applied behaviour analysis in the identification and behaviour management of children.
Meine deutsche Bildungsrepublik
Authors: Richter Ingo
Published: January 2021

„Meine deutsche Bildungsrepublik“ ist eine bildungspolitische Autobiographie. Ingo Richter schildert seine eigene Entwicklung und zugleich die Entwicklung der deutschen Bildungspolitik, zunächst als Jurastudent in der Nachkriegszeit, sodann als junger Bildungsreformer in den 1960er/70er Jahren am Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung in Berlin, als Professor für Öffentliches Recht in der Reform der Juristenausbildung in Hamburg und schließlich als Direktor des Deutschen Jugendinstituts in München und als Beobachter von PISA und den Folgen.
Assessment of knowledge and attitude of allied healthcare professionals about COVID-19 across Saudi Arabia
Authors: Shrivastava Deepti , Alduraywish Abdulrahman A. , Srivastava Kumar Chandan , Alsharari Abdalkarem F. , Al-Johani Khalid , Sghaireen Mohammed G. , Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has shown a catastrophic effect on mankind. The allied healthcare professionals (AHPs) play a pivotal role against COVID-19. OBJECTIVES: To appraise the knowledge and attitude about COVID-19 of AHPs working across Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted using Qualtrics software to gather data from all five regions of Saudi Arabia during the nationwide lockdown in April 2020. Complete responses of 195 AHPs were considered for analysis. The questionnaire consisted of 15 and 14 questions on knowledge and attitude, respectively. The overall scores of each domain were calculated and modified Bloom’s criterion was applied to categorize them into a three-point ordinal scale. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test along with multivariate logistic regression for significant parameters. RESULTS: The AHPs displayed a moderate level of knowledge (58.2%) and a good level of attitude (80%). The AHPs were found to have a non-significant (P > 0.05) difference in the level of knowledge within age, gender, region, occupation, educational level, organizational setup and years of experience. The attitude of AHPs working in a private setup has shown a 2.8 times (P = 0.020) higher risk for having moderate/poor attitude compared to the AHPs working in a government organization. CONCLUSIONS: AHPs displayed a moderate level of knowledge and good attitude towards COVID-19. Emphasis should be given to continuous professional development in order to enhance their knowledge. Furthermore, strategies should be developed in the private sector to positively reinforce the attitude of AHPs.
MIGRAÇÃO DE DUNAS E O PROCESSO DE SOTERRAMENTO NO LITORAL DE BARROQUINHA, CEARÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Guerra Renan Gonçalves Pinheiro , Moreira Andréa de Sousa , Silva João Rafael Muniz , Nascimento Hermógenes Henrique Oliveira , Barros Eduardo Lacerda
Published: January 2021

A migração dos corpos dunares no litoral cearense enuncia a intensa dinâmica eólica característica de litorais semiáridos nordestinos. Nesse sentido, este trabalho buscou analisar o processo de migração das dunas e sua relação com a questão dos soterramentos no litoral de Barroquinha. As taxas de migração das dunas foram definidas pela extensão Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS), nas quatro áreas de interesse de Bitupitá e localidades de Venâncio e Curimã. A área de avanço das dunas foi obtida por meio do métodopolígono de mudanças. A migração das dunas no período de 2002 a 2014 evidenciou maior média das taxas de migração nas áreas 1 e 2, com 18,53 m/ano e 19,33 m/ano, e valores inferiores de 12,40 m/ano e 3,59 m/ano nas áreas 3 e 4. Ações de mobilização e sensibilização das comunidades são fundamentais para adequação da dinâmica socioespacial aos efeitos da migração dos corpos dunares.
Palavras-chave: dunas, dinâmica eólica, soterramento.
Nicimos
Authors: Little Marcia
Published: January 2021

Since 2017 I have been healing from an abusive marriage and the one expression that helped me move forward was painting.  This piece is about connecting with "the" one who resonates deeply at a soul level.
Influence of Career Management on Performance of Firms Listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya
Authors: KIAI DORCAS , LEWA PETER , KARIMI JAMES
Published: January 2021

The study sought to determine the influence of career management on firm performance at the firms which are listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The study was anchored on resource based view theory and shareholder value maximization theory. The research design used was a cross-sectional survey, target population included the head of human resources and finance directors in all the listed firms since they were better placed and conversant with the subject of this study and were involved in the development of the policies and review of performance. Sample size comprised of 136 respondents and data was collected through structured questionnaires to meet the objectives of the study. Responses were tabulated, coded and processed by use of a computer Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) to analyze the data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics techniques were used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that the relationship between career management and firm performance was positive and statistically significant. The study concluded that career development and planning, career mentors/ counseling, career centres and firms planning for employee growth and progression are key career management determinants for the performance of firms listed in the Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE) and recommended that career management practices should be widely adopted by NSE listed firms as doing so would lead to improved performance
The Effect of Incentives Towards Turnover Intentions Mediated by Continuance Commitment and Moderated by Job Status
Authors: PRASETYO FAJAR ADJIE
Published: January 2021

The objective of this research is to find out the effect of incentives implemented by online transportation company towards turnover intentions also to find out the moderating role of job status and the indirect effect of incentives toward turnover intentions through continuance commitment. The research sample determined by purposive sampling from 100 respondents which 50 for full-time status and 50 for part-time status. The analysis method in this research used Regression analysis with casua step-model to test the mediating effect and Sub-Group method to test the moderating effect. The results shows that the incentives and continuance commitment had a negative effect towards turnover intentions. Results also show that the incentives have no effect toward continuance commitment. Continunace commitment can not mediate the effect of incentives towards turnover intentions and job status can not moderate the effect of incentives towards turnover intentions. The implication of this research that the companies should more consider in the implementation of the incentives and reconsider incentives on their full-time driver partners. Companies also can treat driver partners according to the type of job status.
Order and chronology of temporary teeth breaking
Authors: de Armas Gallegos Dra. Leslie Imara , Batista González Dra. Nurys Mercedes , Fernández Pérez Dra. Elaine
Published: January 2021

The order and chronology of the temporary tooth eruption is an expression of the child's growth and influences his later dental development. Having knowledge about the average age of emergence of each tooth is useful to establish a diagnosis, prevention and treatment of malocclusions, for which the objective of this research is to characterize the pattern of emergence of primary dentition in children in Cerro district, Havana, Cuba. For this, a descriptive observational study was designed in 370 children of both sexes between 0 and 36 months of age, in said clinic during September / 2017 to January / 2020. The variables were studied: age, sex, tooth, hemiarcade and chronology of the dental outbreak. Frequency distributions were made to all the variables under study and the results are presented in statistical tables. The t-Student test was used to verify significant differences. The main results obtained were that the teeth of the maxillary arch erupted before those of the mandibular, except for the central incisors and the lower left lateral incisor. Although the fact that the dental flare began first in males in both arches (5,86 months in the maxilla, ± 0,92; and in the mandible 4,92 months ± 1,09), the time period of outbreak was somewhat faster in females (19,83 months in the maxilla and 21,64 months in the mandible) and males (20,26 months and 22,16 months), but without significant differences (p <0, 05). It is concluded that the eruption pattern was similar to that described in the literature, except for slight advancement for the central incisors and delay in second primary molars.
Necessary optimality conditions in nonsmooth semi-infinite multiobjective optimization under metric subregularity
Authors: Nguyen Dinh Huy , Cao Thanh Tinh , Nguyen Tung , Cao Thi Be Oanh
Published: January 2021

We consider nonsmooth semi-infinite multiobjective optimization problems under mixed constraints, including infinitely many mixed constraints by using Clarke subdifferential. Semi-infinite programming (SIP) is the minimization of many scalar objective functions subject to a possibly infinite system of inequality or/and equality constraints. SIPs have been proved to be very important in optimization and applications. Semi-infinite programming problems arise in various fields of engineering such as control systems design, decision making under competition, and multiobjective optimization. There is extensive literature on standard semi-infinite programming problems. The investigation of optimality conditions for these problems is always one of the most attractive topics and has been studied extensively in the literature. In our work, we study optimality conditions for weak efficiency of a multiobjective semi-infinite optimization problem under mixed constraints including infinitely many of both equality and inequality constraints in terms of Clarke subdifferential. Our conditions are the form of the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) multiplier. To the best of our knowledge, only a few papers are dealing with optimality conditions for SIPs subject to mixed constraints. By the Pshenichnyi-Levin-Valadire (PLV) property and the directional metric subregularity, we introduce a type of Mangasarian-Fromovitz constraint qualification (MFCQ). Then we show that (MFCQ) is a sufficient condition to guarantee the extended Abadie constraint qualification (ACQ) to satisfy. In our constraint qualifications, all functions are nonsmooth and the number of constraints is not necessarily finite. In our paper, we do not need the involved functions: convexity and differentiability. Later, we apply the extended Abadie constraint qualification to get the KKT multipliers for weak efficient solutions of SIP. Many examples are provided to illustrate some advantages of our results. The paper is organized as follows. In Section Preliminaries, we present our basic definitions of nonsmooth and convex analysis. Section Main Results prove necessary conditions for the weakly efficient solution in terms of the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker mult iplier rule with the help of some constraint qualifications.
The Functions and Mechanisms of Action of Insulators in the Genomes of Higher Eukaryotes
Authors: Melnikova L. S. , Georgiev P. G. , Golovnin A. K.
Published: January 2021

The mechanisms underlying long-range interactions between chromatin regions and the principles of chromosomal architecture formation are currently under extensive scrutiny. A special class of regulatory elements known as insulators is believed to be involved in the regulation of specific long-range interactions between enhancers and promoters. This review focuses on the insulators of Drosophila and mammals, and it also briefly characterizes the proteins responsible for their functional activity. It was initially believed that the main properties of insulators are blocking of enhancers and the formation of independent transcription domains. We present experimental data proving that the chromatin loops formed by insulators play only an auxiliary role in enhancer blocking. The review also discusses the mechanisms involved in the formation of topologically associating domains and their role in the formation of the chromosomal architecture and regulation of gene transcription.
Involvement of the N Domain Residues E34, K35, and R38 in the Functionally Active Structure of Escherichia coli Lon Protease
Authors: Andrianova A. G. , Kudzhaev A. M. , Abrikosova V. A. , Gustchina A. E. , Smirnov I. V. , Rotanova T. V.
Published: January 2021

ATP-dependent Lon protease of Escherichia coli (EcLon), which belongs to the superfamily of AAA+ proteins, is a key component of the cellular proteome quality control system. It is responsible for the cleavage of mutant, damaged, and short-lived regulatory proteins that are potentially dangerous for the cell. EcLon functions as a homooligomer whose subunits contain a central characteristic AAA+ module, a C-terminal protease domain, and an N-terminal non-catalytic region composed of the actual N-terminal domain and the inserted -helical domain. An analysis of the N domain crystal structure suggested a potential involvement of residues E34, K35, and R38 in the formation of stable and active EcLon. We prepared and studied a triple mutant LonEKR in which these residues were replaced with alanine. The introduced substitutions were shown to affect the conformational stability and nucleotide-induced intercenter allosteric interactions, as well as the formation of the proper protein binding site.
Peningkatan Kapasitas Badan Usaha Milik Desa untuk Kesejahteraan Masyarakat
Authors: Syamsuri Abd. Rasyid , Hutasuhut Julianto
Published: January 2021

The Enhancement of Village Owned Business Agencies Capacity for Community Welfare
Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) aims to make village development innovations, especially improving the village economy and rural communities' welfare. BUMDes is a village business institution managed by the community and village government to strengthen the economy and is formed based on its needs and potential. Community service in Janji Village, Bilah Barat District, Labuhanbatu Regency was started by identifying the need for socialization: providing knowledge and understanding of the role of BUMDes and conducting focus group discussions based on interest groups in the village. The purpose of this program was to bring changes in the social-economic of the community. Based on the observations, partners' problems are: 1) The establishment of BUMDes in Janji Village has not fully formed all types of businesses in the area but has only formed one type of business, 2) There are objections from community members who already own home industry. As one of the economic institutions operating in rural areas, BUMDes must have differences from the general economic institutions so that the existence and performance of BUMDes can make a significant contribution in improving community welfare through socialization, education, and training to improve people's living standards in Janji Village.
Cold cracking, microstructure, notch toughness, transverse and longitudinal hardness to the weld joint of P460NL1 steel [Fisuracion en frio, microestructura, tenacidad a la entalla, dureza transversal y longitudinal a la union de soldadura del acero P460NL1]
Authors: Vizconde Poémape Hebert Gustavo , Armas Osmar , Briceño Joel , Zavaleta Nilthon , Ñique Gutierrez Norberto Damian
Published: January 2021

Microstructural development, longitudinal HV10 hardness as transversal to the fusion zone and notch toughness in root and filling pass were evaluated at preheating temperatures of 100 °C, 140 °C, 180 °C, 220 °C and 260 °C in the weld joint of P460NL1 steel, by FCAW in root pass and for filling-finishing by means of the SAW process, the control of the start and interpass preheating temperatures was carried out by thermal blankets and digital pyrometer. The NDT of magnetic particles justify the acceptance or rejection of the specimens for the study. In selected points of the weld joint they showed the dependence of the hardness as a function of the microstructure. At room temperature, immediate cold cracking was observed. In the HAZ, the microconstituents generated areas of high hardness under the cord and areas of low hardness due to overturning, with the presence of Windmastatten ferrite, the increase in preheating determined the decrease and sometimes the absence of hardened structures. The profiles determined a decrease in hardness as the preheating temperature increased. Columnar grains with a high presence of WF ferrite in their different morphologies and FP (C) and refined areas with typical microconstituents were observed in the Fusion Zone. Homogeneity was evidenced with respect to notch toughness at all temperatures and the effect of passes on the longitudinal microstructure, which shows the benefit of the preheating temperature by reducing the hardness in critical areas and homogenizing the welded joint.
CO-DETERMINATION AND APPRENTICESHIP IN SME: A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON WORK COUNCILS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE QUALITY OF APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING
Authors: Eberhardt Christiane , Berger Klaus
Published: January 2021

Relevance. Training systems which are based on the principle of apprenticeship and involve the company as a central venue are gaining in significance in international terms. The fundamental recognition here is, “Apprenticeships as one successful form of work-based learning ease the transition from education and training to work, and evidence suggests that countries with a strong VET and apprenticeship system have lower levels of youth unemployment” (Euro-pean Commission, year of publication not stated).Aim: the purpose of the article is to prove that the competitiveness of companies on the market crucially depends on their skilled workers.Methods: іn methodological terms, we based our study on an industrial sociology case study approach.Results: іn our study we showed that the stakeholders at the companies forming the object of our investigations are working towards quality. If the high quality requirements of training are also to be realised at a company level, crucial significance needs to be attached to the central players within the company. In our case, these are the works councils.Conclusions: іn our study, we have shown that “good training” can be equated with the terms of “vocational proficiency” and “matching”. This combination, which aims both to impart employability skills and to facilitate inte-gration into the company, provides the bedrock which enables skilled workers to act autonomously and independently. Works councils bring their influence to bear if they believe that these principles are in jeopardy. This makes an essential contribution to integrating apprentices into a company in respect of skills and socialisation.
Assessment of Community Pharmacists’ Involvement in the Rehabilitation of Drug Abuse Victims in Abuja Municipal Area Council, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Danraka Abubakar , Orakwelu Salamatu , Onavbavba Godspower
Published: January 2021

Drug abuse has now become a major public health problem in Nigeria requiring urgent attention. Although drug abuse cut across all age groups, the youths are however the most affected. This study aimed at assessing Community Pharmacists involvement in the rehabilitation of drug abuse victims. The study was carried out in Abuja Municipal Area Council, questionnaires were administered to Community Pharmacists practicing within the Area Council. A total of 176 Community Pharmacists participated in the study, and slightly above a quarter (27.43%) of them had post-graduate degrees. More than three-quarters (79.5%) of the study participants had received training on drug abuse. A total of 89.2% of the study participants had come across persons suspected to be abusing prescription medicines. Almost all (96.6%) of the study participants indicated that they are willing to advise persons suspected to be abusing drugs on the dangers of drug abuse, and 88.1% of the study participants had spoken to clients concerning abuse of prescription medicines. Also, more than three-quarters (80.1%) of the study participants indicated that pharmacists’ role in the prevention of drug abuse is very important. The study has revealed that Community Pharmacists can play an invaluable role in the rehabilitation of drug abuse victims in Nigeria.
Scientific Management of Equipment in Medical Innovation Laboratory
Authors: Wang Yingmei , Liu Fangxin , Li Xiaoyu
Published: January 2021

Aim; To solve the problem of innovation laboratory instrument management and improve laboratory management level. Method; It is necessary to do an excellent job in managing innovative laboratory equipment by improving the equipment management system, functional division management, appointment registration, and strengthening the construction of management teams to guarantee the cultivation of innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities of undergraduates. Results; The number of innovative experimental projects approved and the number of project groups that the laboratory can accept at the same time was increased significantly. The utilization rate of laboratory equipment has increased, and the vacancy rate has decreased. Conclusion; Excellent instrument management can significantly improve the efficiency of scientific research in the innovation laboratory.
Research on the possibility of using waste water, purified with an alternative reagent for irrigation in agricultural complex
Authors: Stepanova Svetlana , Alekseeva Anna
Published: January 2021

The possibility of using purified wastewater from iron ions with an alkaline reagent based on the fruit shells of cereal crops for irrigation of agricultural crops is shown. The germination rate of oat, wheat and barley seeds when using industrial effluents purified with a traditional and alternative reagent reaches 97 % compared to the control.
Improvement of digital technologies for the formation of agroecosystem reclamation regime
Authors: Yurchenko Irina
Published: January 2021

The relevance of research is due to the increasing role of digital technologies for managing agricultural production on reclaimed lands in ensuring sustainable growth of agricultural production efficiency. The object of research is precision (precise) management of agricultural production. The subject is advanced technologies for the rapid formation and regulation of the reclamation regime of agroecosystems that meet the requirements of sustainable development of the crop production system of the domestic agro-industrial complex. The purpose of this work is to improve methodological and technological approaches to digitalization of technologies for managing the reclamation regime of the agroecosystem. the Scientific novelty of the work is to substantiate the functional orientation and list of priority tasks solved by the created digital systems, which required studying the specifics of applied technologies for managing agricultural production; determining the effective direction of improving automated management. The research was based on the analysis of normative-methodological and legal documents, literary sources, as well as personal developments of the author on the subject under consideration. Methods of comparative and system analysis and expert assessments were used in the work. Factors of competitiveness of economic entities implementing support of management decisions by digital systems are identified. Uncovered causes that reduce the effectiveness of the implementation of the digital control systems of agricultural production on reclaimed lands in the Russian agricultural sector Shows the priority approaches to the structure of control system of technological processes of agricultural production, emerging based on the integration of access to information for business processes of enterprise management. A list of priority tasks of automation of technological processes of reclamation agriculture has been developed. Priority requirements for improving digital technologies for managing the reclamation regime of agroecosystems in terms of information, technology and software are formulated. The proposed transformation of approaches to the creation and use of automated production process control systems (APCS) and General approaches to enterprise management (APCS) meets the requirements of the «Internet of things (IOT)», one of the newest trends in the evolution of modern Internet technologies. The technological process of precision management of agricultural production based on digital systems Maxim built into the management procedures of the hydroreclamation system, rationalized, with significantly increased efficiency transforms the interaction of producers and consumers, bringing them flexibility, organizing the exchange of information via the Internet.
Prostatectomía radical retropúbica con anastomosis vesicouretral con y sin sutura. resultados postoperatorios
Authors: Guarín Cervantes Carlos Alberto , Ballestas Almario Carlos
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: comparar los resultados postoperatorios de pacientes con cáncer de próstatallevados a prostatectomía radical retropúbica (PRR) con anastomosis vesicouretral cony sin sutura en Cartagena de IndiasMetodología: estudio de cohorte retrospectivo que comparó la técnica clásica de reconstrucción con sutura de la anastomosis vesicouretral durante la prostatectomíaradical y la técnica de aproximación realineando la vejiga a la uretra utilizando únicamentela sonda. Se evaluaron variables preoperatorias y operatorias que incluyeron antígenoprostático, el riesgo de recurrencia del cáncer, el tiempo quirúrgico, la cantidad desangrado, transfusiones, tiempo de sondaje y hospitalización, y durante el seguimientola incontinencia urinaria y la estrechez uretral.Resultados: se estudiaron 36 pacientes, a 19 (52%) se le realizó la técnica sin sutura.Previo a la cirugía los grupos fueron homogéneos, el antígeno prostático promedio fue9 ng/mL, la mitad de los pacientes (18) tenían enfermedad de riesgo intermedio  de progresión, 5 (13.9%) eran de alto riesgo, 27 (75%) tenían enfermedad limitada a lapróstata en la patología, la media de tiempo quirúrgico fue 160 minutos, la mediana de la cantidad de sangrado (600cc), 3 (8.3%) requirieron transfusiones, los tiempos promedio de hospitalización fueron de tres días y de sonda 14 días, sin encontrarse diferencias  estadísticamente significativas entre los dos grupos. En la evolución 14 (47%) de los pacientes presentaron estrechez uretral, cuatro de ellos (26.3%) del grupo sin sutura y 10 con sutura (58.8%) p >0.05. La tasa de incontinencia urinaria e incontinencia de esfuerzos global a los tres meses fue 61% y 80% respectivamente. En igual periodo la tasa de continencia completa fue de 37% en el grupo sin sutura y 6% con sutura, de continencia parcial el 64% contra 12% respectivamente (p<0.05). En 12 meses el 66.6% pacientes estaban completamente continentes, en el grupo sin sutura 16 (85%) y con sutura 8 (48%) (p<0.05).Conclusión: la anastomosis vesicouretral sin sutura durante la PRR ofrece tasas de continencia temprana y completa después de un año de seguimiento superiores a latécnica con sutura. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2015;6(2):235-240.
Estrés académico en los estudiantes del área de la salud en una universidad pública, cartagena-colombia
Authors: Montalvo Prieto Amparo , Blanco Blanco Katerin , Cantillo Martínez Neyi , Castro González Yuldor , Downs Bryan Agatha , Romero Villadiego Eliana
Published: January 2021

Introducción: el estrés es un factor que influye en la calidad de vida y en el desempeño del individuo. Se presenta cuando la persona identifica una situación amenazante que excede sus propios recursos de afrontamiento y pone en peligro su bienestar.Objetivo: describir el nivel de estrés en los estudiantes universitarios de los programas del área de la salud en Cartagena.Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo realizado a 266 estudiantes de sexo femenino escogidos por muestreo probabilístico aleatorio de los programas de Enfermería, Odontología, Química Farmacéutica y Medicina de una universidad pública de Colombia. Los estudiantes cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y firmaron el consentimiento informado. Se utilizaron tres instrumentos: encuesta sociodemográfica, Apgar Familiar e inventario SISCO de Barraza, constituidos por 31 ítems, medidosmediante una escala tipo Lickert del 1 al 5, donde uno es nunca, dos rara vez, tres algunas veces, cuatro casi siempre y cinco siempre, usados para identificar la presencia o ausencia de estrés en los estudiantes. Los datos obtenidos se tabularon y procesaron en el programa Microsoft Excel SPSS versión 21.0 y se utilizó la estadística descriptiva para presentar y analizar los datos.Resultados: el 66.2% de las estudiantes eran solteras, las que eran menores de 20 años convivían en su núcleo familiar; el 63.6% eran de estrato socioeconómico dos y tres, quienes no trabajaban satisfacían sus necesidades diarias con menos de cuatro dólares y representan el 84.3%. Los resultados del Apgar familiar mostró familias normofuncionales (80.9%). El 88.7% de los estudiantes presentaron estrés y quienes más lo padecieron fueron las estudiantes de medicina y química farmacéutica, con manifestaciones de cansancio permanente, ansiedad y angustia (35.2%) así como cambios en la ingesta de los alimentos (32.5%). El 50.8% manifestaron recurrir a lareligiosidad como estrategia de afrontamiento.Conclusiones: los estudiantes presentaron niveles de estrés muy alto y los de mayor presencia de estrés hacían parte del programa de Química Farmacéutica. Las evaluaciones, la sobrecarga de trabajo académico y el cumplimiento en tiempo limitado de los compromisos académicos generaron la mayoría de estas afecciones. Rev.cienc. biomed. 2015;6(2):309-318
Complejo de esclerosis tuberosa
Authors: Barboza Ubarnes Miriam , Fortich González Rossana , Gómez Kleebauer Carlos
Published: January 2021

Introducción: el complejo esclerosis tuberosa (CET) es un síndrome neurocutáneo de herencia autosómica dominante (AD), caracterizado por la formación de múltiples hamartomas debido a la mutación de los genes TSC1 y TSC2 encargados  de codificar proteínas supresoras de tumores. El CET es una enfermedad multisistémica, sin embargo, el diagnóstico se fundamenta en el compromiso neurológico, lesiones en piel y los hallazgos imagenológicos.Caso clínico: adolescente procedente de Cartagena quien a los cuatro meses se le diagnosticó Síndrome de West, manejado con Vigabatrin, posteriormente presentó epilepsia focal motora. En el examen físico se encontraron máculas hipocrómicas múltiples y angiofibromas faciales. La tomografía axial de cráneo (TAC) mostró tubérculo en región frontotemporal izquierda y nódulos subependimarios. Basado en estos criterios se hace diagnóstico de CET.Conclusión: el diagnóstico de CET es un reto para el médico, depende de una excelentehistoria clínica y un examen físico completo que incluye la búsqueda de lesiones características en la piel, estas pueden detectarse desde el nacimiento, al igual que los hallazgos  imagenológicos detectables incluso in útero. Las pruebas genéticas, aunque son confirmatorias, no descartan la enfermedad. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2015;6(2):369-375
Rafael Alvear Terán: el último exponente del método anatomoclínico en la universidad de Cartagena
Authors: Mercado Lara María Fernanda , Monterrosa Castro Álvaro
Published: January 2021

La anatomía humana fue el epicentro del saber, quehacer y la educación médica durante finales del siglo XVIII y comienzos del siglo XIX. A este movimiento proveniente de escuelas médicas de París se le denominó el método anatomoclínico y promulgaba la articulación de los signos y síntomas de una patología con los hallazgos o lesiones anatómicas. Lo anterior permitió el auge de los anatomistas y el desarrollo de didácticas en el aprendizaje de la medicina con la disección de cadáveres humanos en los anfiteatros. Investigación, educación y asistencia clínica se realizó por décadas bajo el amparo conceptual de la medicina anatomoclínica. Con el pasar de los años surgió la medicina de laboratorio y otras corrientes como la etiopatológica y la fisiopatológica, las cuales trajeron como consecuencia que el papel de la anatomía dentro de la enseñanza y la práctica clínica fuese modificado. La Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Cartagena-Colombia recibió influencia de la medicina anatomoclínica por parte de docentes que realizaron sus estudios médicos en escuelas francesas y por la lectura de libros en francés. Una saga de profesores anatomistas se pueden identificar, siendo el doctor Rafael Alvear Terán, el último docente de esa facultad médica, representante de la también llamada mentalidad  anatomoclínica. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2015;6(2): 394-405
Un caso de evisceración de pelvis por carcinoma coloide del recto
Authors: Espinosa París Hernando , Espinosa Dorothy J.
Published: January 2021

En el año 1953 fue publicado un documento de la autoría de un importante profesor en el campo de la cirugía general que marcó escuela dentro de la Facultad de Medicina de la  Universidad de Cartagena-Colombia en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. El doctor Hernando Espinosa París, nació en la capital de la República de Colombia, realizó estudios médicos en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y especialización en Cirugía en los Estados Unidos. Realizó importantes aportes en el ámbito médico cartagenero, en lo asistencial y en su labor como docente. Estos aportes también contribuyeron al desarrollo de la cirugía, en una época en que los especialistas se preciaban de adelantar grandes y radicales intervenciones operatorias para abordar enfermedades, como los cánceres en diversos contextos anatómicos. Las fotografías  usadas en este documento hacen parte de la Fototeca Histórica de la Medicina Cartagenera, delproyecto de investigación adelantado por el semillero de investigación HISTORIMED, de la Universidad de Cartagena-Colombia. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2015;6(2):406-415.
Teofrasto Antonio Tatis
Authors: Editorial Comite
Published: January 2021

Teofrato A. Tatis, fue un ilustre médico y académico que nació en Cartagena, Colombia, en el barrio de Getsemaní, el 28 de octubre de 1865.Revista Ciencias Biomédicas hace un homenaje a su memoria y trayectoriamédica al cumplirse los 150 años del natalicio. Realizó estudios básicos, literatura y filosofía, como se denominaban en esa época, en el Colegio de Araujo.  Realizó estudios médicos en la Universidad de Bolívar, nombre que llevaba entonces la Universidad de Cartagena.
Preocupaciones de pacientes con cáncer: la experiencia del centro de educación del instituto nacional de cancerología
Authors: Contreras Cruz Ana Cecilia , Castro Camargo Gladys Juliette , Puerto Jiménez Devi Nereira
Published: January 2021

Introducción: conocer características y preocupaciones de los pacientes con cáncer permite impartir una atención más adecuada a sus necesidades y responder a la experiencia de vivir con un cáncer.Objetivo: identificar las principales preocupaciones de los pacientes con cáncer expresadas al contactar el centro.Material y método: captación de un año a los pacientes con diversas neoplasias que asisten al Centro de educación para el paciente y su familia del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC). Se utilizaron diarios de campo para reportar cada una de las preocupaciones referidas por estos durante las sesiones en las que participaron.Resultados: se valoraron 1975 pacientes durante el 2012. Entre las preocupaciones más frecuentes están: temor a los tratamientos para el cáncer y sus efectos secundarios, la preocupación que estos  tratamientos “queman al paciente”, a la caída permanente del cabello, a no poder comer ciertos alimentos y a bajar de peso; con la cirugía, surge el miedo a la anestesia y a no despertar, a la mutilación de algún órgano, al cambio de imagen corporal en procedimientos como la mastectomía y la colostomía, a perder la voz, a la afectación de la sexualidad y al manejo de dispositivos. Las anteriores expresiones están relacionadas con creencias y mitos del entorno del paciente porinadecuada información y educación sobre la enfermedad y los tratamientos. Conclusiones: las preocupaciones identificadas por los pacientes con cáncer son de diferente índole: emocionales y físicas relacionadas con los efectos del tratamiento. Rev.cienc.biomed.2015;6(1):15-21
Riesgo de malignidad en citología obtenida mediante aspiración con aguja fina de la glándula tiroides
Authors: Osorio Covo Carlos G. , Grice Reyes Juan M. , Herrera Banquez Karen , Caraballo Gómez Cáceres Pedro , Agresott Marsiglia Rubén , Redondo De Oro Katherine , Herrera Sáenz Francisco
Published: January 2021

Introducción: un nódulo tiroideo puede ser la manifestación clínica tanto de una lesión benigna como maligna. La citología obtenida mediante aspiración con aguja fina es actualmente la prueba diagnóstica más costo efectiva para discriminar si se requieren manejo médico o quirúrgico.Objetivo: identificar el riesgo de malignidad en la citología obtenida mediante aspiración con aguja fina en nódulos de la glándula tiroides, clasificado de acuerdo con el Sistema Bethesda para el reporte citopatológico.Metodología: se llevó a cabo estudio retrospectivo con la revisión de historias clínicas de 790 pacientes que acudieron en el periodo comprendido entre enero del 2007 y diciembre de 2013 al E.S.E Hospital Universitario del Caribe, Cartagena, Colombia, con una patología tiroidea. Se seleccionaron 161 historias clínicas de pacientes sometidosa aspiración con aguja fina y luego sometidos a cirugía de tiroides. Debían tener disponibles los resultados de citología del aspirado y el estudio de anatomía patológica de la pieza operatoria. Se clasificó la citología de acuerdo con la categoría de diagnóstico citológico según el Sistema Bethesda para el Reporte Citopatologico de las Lesiones dela Glándula Tiroides. Se estimó el riesgo de malignidad para cada nivel de clasificación de la citología.Resultados: el promedio de edad fue 43.9 ± 13.7 años. Los resultados obtenidos en la citología obtenida mediante aspiración con aguja fina fueron los siguientes: 12 (7.4%) no diagnósticos, 109 (67.70%) benignos, 2 (1.2%) atipia folicular de significado indeterminado, 21 (13.0%) sospechosos de neoplasia folicular, 9 (5.5%) sospechososde malignidad, y 8 (4.9%) malignos. El riesgo de malignidad para cada una de las categorías de diagnóstico citológico fue el siguiente: 0.0% no diagnóstico, 11.0% y 5.5% benigno, incluyendo y excluyendo los microcarcinomas papilares respectivamente, 100% atipia folicular de significado indeterminado, 14.2% sospechoso de neoplasia folicular, 77.7% sospechoso de malignidad y 75% maligno.Conclusión: el riesgo de malignidad atribuible de los aspirados categorizados, en forma retrospectiva, de acuerdo al Sistema Bethesda para el Reporte Citopatologico de las lesiones de la Glándula Tiroides, fueron similares a los previamente descritos. Rev. ciec.biomed. 2015;6(1):22-28
Caracterización de las infecciones respiratorias asociadas a ventilación mecánica en una unidad de cuidados intensivos
Authors: Cogollo González Marysabel , Julio Narváez Luis Carlos , Alvarado Cueto Daniel Enrique
Published: January 2021

Introducción: las infecciones respiratorias asociadas a ventilación mecánica (IRAV),sean neumonía o traqueobronquitis, son importantes complicaciones en UCI. Objetivo: caracterizar los aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos y microbiológicos de IRAV.Materiales y método: estudio retrospectivo de todos los pacientes admitidos a la UCI Médico Quirúrgica de la Clínica San Juan de Dios, durante el periodo de un año, con diagnóstico de traqueobronquitis asociada a ventilación mecánica (TAV) o neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica (NAV), con cultivos de aspirado de secreción traqueal informados como positivos.Resultados: se presentaron 22 casos de IRAV. La presencia de IRAV fue del 11.9%, de TAV 6.8% y de NAV 5.6% de los 176 pacientes que requirieron ventilación mecánica por más de dos días. La mediana de edad para NAV fue de 76+16 años, mientras que para la TAV de 68+18 años. Los principales diagnósticos de ingreso de los pacientes con IRAV fueron neurológicos (40.9%) y pulmonares (31.8%). Predominaron losgérmenes gram negativos (95.5%) y los microrganismos multirresistentes en ambos tipos de infecciones (59.1%). Hubo alta frecuencia de uso de antibioticoterapia previa al diagnóstico (95.5%), traqueostomía (81.8%) y transfusiones de hemoderivados (50%).La mortalidad en UCI fue 25% para TAV y 40% para NAV, mientras que la mortalidad hospitalaria de IRAV fue 50%.Conclusión: existe alta mortalidad, presencia de microorganismos gram negativos involucrados y elevada multirresistencia antibiótica en ambas formas de IRAV. Se deben implementar medidas encaminadas a la prevención y al adecuado manejo de estas infecciones en UCI. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2015;6(1):38-44
Las reacciones meníngeas en el niño
Authors: Guerrero Pérez Eusebio
Published: January 2021

Se reproduce un documento escrito y publicado hace más de setenta años, de la autoría de un importante profesor que marcó la escuela médica de la Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia en el inicio del siglo XX. El texto es ejemplo de la apropiación teórica propia de los docentes de esas épocas. Con elementos propios de su formación francesa, aportó importantes conceptos para solidificar y profundizar la estructuración de una enseñanzamédica, que la escuela tenía desde sus inicios y especialmente desde la reorganización en la mitad del siglo XIX. Fue el creador del servicio de Pediatría dentro de la escuela y en la ciudad, aportando para que la docencia médica fuese organizada e institucional. Rev.cienc.Biomed. 2015; 6(1):197-203
Preliminares
Authors: Editorial Comite
Published: January 2021

Preliminares