bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APLIKASI EVOLUTIONARY DISCRETE FIREFLY ALGORITHM DALAM PENYELESAIAN TRAVELLING SALESMAN PROBLEM
Authors: Cahya Nila , Soesanto Oni , Affandi Pardi
Published: September 2020

Proses distribusi barang pada suatu industri memerlukan bentuk efisiensi dalam pemilihan jalur terpendek yang akan dilalui seorang salesman. Secara matematis, pemilihan jalur terpendek merupakan suatu permasalahan optimasi yang disebut Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). Terdapat banyak metode yang dapat diterapkan untuk menemukan solusi dari TSP, salah satunya Evolutionary Discrete Firefly Algorithm (EDFA) yang merupakan metode metaheuristik terbaru yang ditemukan oleh Jati dan Suyanto (2011) sebagai perkembangan dari Firefly Algorithm (FA) yang hanya didesain untuk permasalahan kontinu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan penerapan EDFA dalam penyelesaian TSP. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data kasus TSP berupa koordinat titik kota yang diambil dari database TSP Libary (TSPLIB) dengan 7 jenis kasus berbeda yaitu Ulysses16, Ulysses22, Eil51, Berlin52, St70, Rat99, dan Gr202. Kasus-kasus tersebut diselesaikan dengan menerapkan EDFA untuk menemukan solusi optimalnya melalui beberapa langkah yang terdapat dalam algoritma ini. Penyelesaian kasus TSP melalui EDFA juga dilakukan menggunakan bantuan program simulasi untuk mempermudah pehitungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa EDFA sebagai perkembangan FA telah berhasil diterapkan untuk kasus TSP yang memiliki solusi dalam ruang diskrit. Simulasi program EDFA yang diterapkan pada kasus-kasus tersebut memberikan solusi lebih baik pada beberapa kasus dengan hasil jarak optimal yang lebih pendek dibandingkan jarak optimal yang telah ditemukan sebelumnya.Kata Kunci: TSP, EDFA, firefly, solusi optimal.
APLIKASI PRINSIP INKLUSI EKSKLUSI DALAM METODE KOMBINASI SENSUS PENDUDUK 2020
Authors: Notiragayu Notiragayu , Amanto Amanto , Aziz Dorrah
Published: September 2020

The 2020 population census (SP 2020) uses a new method called the combination method by utilizing basic population registration data available at the Directorate General of Civil Registration, the community register independently (CAWI) and door to door data collection by officers (PAPI and CAPI). Data on the number, composition, distribution, and characteristics of the population with this new method is prone to overlapping, one data is counted several times which results in the calculation of bias from the actual amount. This paper shows how the principle of exclusion inclusion can be applied to overcome data that is counted several times. Keywords : combined method, overlapping, The Principle of Inclusion-Exclusion
Nonlinear Approximations to Critical and Relaxation Processes
Authors: Gluzman Simon
Published: September 2020

We discuss methods for calculation of critical indices and amplitudes from the perturbative expansions. They are demonstrated for the Stokes flow through 2D and 3D channels enclosed by two wavy walls. Efficient formulas for the permeability are derived in the form of series for small values of amplitude. Various power-laws are found in the regime of large amplitudes, based only on expansions at small amplitudes. Lubrication approximation is shown to break down, but accurate formulas for the effective permeability for arbitrary values of the wave amplitude are derived from the expansions. The technique developed for critical phenomena is applied then for relaxation phenomena. The concept of time-translation invariance is discussed, its spontaneous violation and restoration considered. Emerging probabilistic patterns correspond to a local breakdown of time-translation invariance. Their evolution leads to the time-translation symmetry complete (or partial) restoration. We estimate typical time extent, amplitude and direction for such restorative process. The new technique is based on explicit introduction of origin in time. After some transformations we come to the exponential and generalized, exponential-type solution with explicit finite time scale, which was only implicit in initial parametrization with polynomial approximation. The concept of crash as a phenomenon, consisting of time-translation invariance breaking and restoration, is put forward. %Concrete form of symmetry breaking/restoration is suggested, using polynomial regression transformed into exponential and Gompertz approximants. COVID-19 related mini-crash in the time series for Shanghai Composite is discussed as an illustration.
The Acculturation of Islam and Customary Law: an Experience of Minangkabau, Indonesia
Authors: Aziz Erwati , Dzofir Mohammad , Widodo Aris
Published: September 2020

Islam as an unperceived religion from an essentialist perpective, beause it is transhistorical. The reality shows that the expression of Islam in one particular geographical context is a result of the interplays between Islamic teachings and local culture. This is a qualitative studyon Minangkabau customs and culture, with data collected by reviewing documents, both in the form of books, and articles. In addition, interviews were conducted with a number of Minang figures, and added to the Minang residents experiences. The results showed that the Minangkabau customs and culture had acculturated with Islam since it was introduced to the Minang region around the 8th century AD. Before its introduction, there were customs and cultures based on their habits. This acculturation occurs peacefully, therefore, the decisions of the traditional leaders do not cause turmoil and resistance from adat stakeholders in the region. Acculturation of Minang customs and culture with Islam takes the form of synthetism, while adat adapts to its teachings. When Islam with Minang customs and culture blend into one, changes occur in three forms. Firstly, when the custom is not in accordance with the Islamic teachings, it is adjusted, as illustrated in the Minang customary philosophy which reads, “Adat basandi alua jo patuik, alua jo patuik basandi bana, bana badiri sandirinyo” changed into “Adat basandi Syara’, Syara’ basandi Kitabullah”. Secondly, both customs and culture, which are in line with Islam remain preserved, such as the principle of deliberation (musyawarah) and consensus (mufakat). Thirdly, it led to the promulgation of Islam in a new culture that has not existed before, such as the Khatam Al-Qur’an ceremony for children.
Exploring Evolution of Public Opinions on Tianya Club Using Dynamic Topic Models
Authors: Yan Zhihua , Tang Xijin
Published: September 2020

Online media have brought tremendous changes to civic life, public opinions, and government administration. Compared with traditional media, online media not only allow individuals to browse news and express their views more freely, but also accelerate the transmission of opinions and expand influence. As public opinions may arouse societal unrest, it is worth detecting the primary topics and uncovering the evolution trends of public opinions for societal administration. Various algorithms are developed to deal with the huge volume of unstructured online media data. In this study, dynamic topic model is employed to explore topic content evolution and prevalence evolution using the original posts published from 2013 to 2017 on the Tianya Zatan Board of Tianya Club, which is one of the most popular BBS in China. Based on semantic similarities, topics are grouped into three themes: Family life, societal affairs, and government administration. The evolution of topic prevalence and content are affected by emergent incidents. Topics on family life become popular, while themes “societal affairs” and “government administration” with bigger standard deviations are more likely to be influenced by emergent hot events. Content evolution represented by monthly pairwise distance matrix is very easy to find change points of topic content.
Bifractional Black-Scholes Model for Pricing European Options and Compound Options
Authors: Xu Feng
Published: September 2020

Recent empirical studies show that an underlying asset price process may have the property of long memory. In this paper, it is introduced the bifractional Brownian motion to capture the underlying asset of European options. Moreover, a bifractional Black-Scholes partial differential equation formulation for valuing European options based on Delta hedging strategy is proposed. Using the final condition and the method of variable substitution, the pricing formulas for the European options are derived. Furthermore, applying to risk-neutral principle, we obtain the pricing formulas for the compound options. Finally, the numerical experiments show that the parameter HK has a significant impact on the option value.
Role of Caudal Epidural Block in enhanced recovery after pediatric oncologic surgery. Article
Authors: Matinyan Nune V. , Belousova E. I. , Ivanova T. E. , Martynov L. A. , Kazantsev A. P. , Kerimov P. A. , Zabolotskij D. V.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. Enhanced recovery after surgery and the early initiation of chemotherapy is a significant advantage of laparoscopic surgeries for malignant tumors of abdominal cavity in children. Despite the extensive experience in using caudal block in pediatric patients, it has not yet been determined whether the use of ultrasound navigation provides any clinical advantage in post-operative recovery after laparoscopic surgeries in pediatric oncology.

Materials and methods. The study included 40 patients of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Federal Blokhin National Medical Research Center, ASA II–III, who underwent laparoscopic surgeries for malignant tumors of the abdominal cavity during 2017–2019. Patients were divided randomly into 2 groups. The CB (caudal blockade) group included 23 children. In CB group caudal epidural block as a regional component of combined anesthesia was used (CB group n = 23). GA (general anesthesia) group included 17 children who underwent general anesthesia (GA group, n = 17).

Results. The median of the total dose of fentanyl in the CB group was 7.29 (6; 9.25) μg/kg, in the GA group — 10.7 (7.6; 12.5) μg/kg (р ≤ 0.012). In the postoperative period, patients in CB group didn’t require additional analgesia for 24 hours after caudal-epidural administration of morphine. After caudal-epidural administration of trimeperidin, 12 hours later. Enteral nutrition in children in the CB group was started in 4.7 ± 0.5 hours. In the GA group, enteral nutrition in 10 (59 %) patients was started in 20 hours after the end of the surgery. 5 children developed Conclusions. This study demonstrates that caudal epidural block for laparoscopic surgeries performed under ultrasound navigation provides effective analgesia in both perioperative and postoperative periods, promotes early start of enteral nutrition, minimizing the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Ultrasound navigation increases the likelihood of success and safety of the caudal epidural block.
COVID-19 in pregnant women of Siberia and the Far East. Article
Authors: Artymuk Natalya V. , Belokrinitskaya T. E. , Filippov O. S. , Shifman E. M.
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative assessment of the incidence and characteristics of the course of the NCI COVID-19 in pregnant women in the Siberian Federal District and Far Eastern Federal District.

Materials and methods. The analysis of operational information on the incidence of NCI COVID-19 and the features of the course in pregnant women, women in childbirth and puerperas provided by the chief obstetrician-gynecologists of the Siberian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District on May 25, 2020 is carried out.

Results. The results of the study showed that the proportion of pregnant women among patients with COVID-19 in the Siberian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District is 0.82 %. Pneumonia was registered in almost every third patient (28.4 %), but the disease, on the whole, was characterized by a milder course than in the general population of patients: a severe form of the disease was diagnosed in 3.6 % of women, hospitalization in RAO was performed in 1.9 % of cases, mechanical ventilation was required by 0.6 % of patients. There were no cases of maternal and perinatal mortality.

Conclusion. The course of the disease in pregnant women in the Siberian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District was characterized by a milder course relative to the general patient population. However, final conclusions can only be drawn after the pandemic is over.
Potential management practices of saltwater intrusion impacts on soil health and water quality: a review
Authors: Bayabil Haimanote K. , Li Yuncong , Tong Zhaohui , Gao Bin
Published: September 2020

Several studies have documented the multifaceted impacts of climate change and variability on agricultural and environmental sustainability, and social and economic development. Climate change and variability contribute to increased warmer conditions, increased frequency of heavy rain that accounts for an increasing proportion of total rainfall, extreme weather characterized by spatially variable cycles of drought and wetness, increased frequency of tropical storms/hurricanes, increased frequency of storm surges, and accelerated rate of sea-level rise (SLR). As SLR continues, it is expected that salinity due to saltwater intrusion (SWI) will impact soil health and agricultural production. As such, the significant threats of salinity necessitate more work to be done to better understand its impact on soil health and associated functional ecosystem processes. This is of even greater importance in areas such as South Florida where the surface and groundwater resources are hydrologically connected due to the shallow and highly permeable limestone soils. A better understanding of the impacts of salinity due to SWI on soil health is critical to design effective mitigation strategies. Healthy soil has multifaceted benefits to enhance agricultural productivity, i.e. regulates the flow of water; serves as a source and sink of nutrients; minimizes greenhouse gas emissions and provides optimal biological and chemical conditions for the transformation of nutrients into plant-available forms. Improved understanding of the processes and impacts of SWI on soil health will assist in guiding management decisions and policies to mitigate the impacts of SWI and salinity on agricultural soils. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the impacts of SWI and soil salinity on agricultural soil health and water quality.
Air flow model development and application in a complex combined sewer system
Authors: Zobeyer Hasan , Zhu David Z. , Edwini-Bonsu Stephen
Published: September 2020

A steady-state air flow model was developed and applied in a complex combined sewer system in the city of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The model solves the continuity at each junction and the momentum equation for the links coupled with dropshaft and other manholes. The dropshaft pressure gradient is computed using the dropshaft equation and air flow rate through manhole pickholes is computed considering the opening as an orifice. A leakage factor is used as a calibration parameter to represent the area through which air can leak from the manholes into the neighborhood. The model uses an iterative solution algorithm with a forward sweep for the continuity and backward sweep for the momentum equation. An underrelaxation is applied to update pressure in each iteration for model stability. The model was calibrated and validated by using the measured air flow rate and manhole pressure in the sewer network, with good results. An analysis of the air flow characteristics shows that a significant amount of air is brought into the system due to a large headspace in the upstream trunk but over 70% of this air is released into the neighborhood due to reduced headspace in the downstream trunk.
Impact of Digitalization on the Transformation of the Higher Education System
Authors: Chinayeva T. I.
Published: September 2020

Purpose of the study. The rapidly developing processes of the formation of the digital economy affect various spheres of human life in modern society, inevitably changing the educational environment. The aim of the work is to analyze the main development trends and emerging transformation processes in the field of higher education under the influence of growing digitalization and digital transformation of various aspects of human life.

Materials and methods. In the course of the work, a dynamic, structural analysis of analytical and statistical information about the processes taking place in this area was used, as well as methods of theoretical research: analysis and generalization.

Results. The pace of development of the digital economy in the modern world is very rapid, due to which the life of a number of professions is shortened, and changes affecting the content of labor contribute to the emergence of new ones. Based on this, it is necessary to understand the main directions of development in higher education, since personnel training is one of the most important components of the digitalization of the economy. The paper formulates the main directions for the development of education using digital technologies for the training of qualified specialists who meet the requirements of the digital economy and outlines a number of problems that the educational system will face in the process of transformation.

Conclusion. The spread of digital and information technologies contributes to significant transformations in various fields of human activity and the sphere of higher education is no exception. The format of the digital economy is quite mobile, which leads to the fact that some specialties will emerge, others will lose their importance and disappear more or less rapidly, and also under the influence of constant and fairly rapid changes, the requirements for training will change. Considering the high mobility and variability of the current situation both in the economy and in the field of higher education, there is a need for constant adjustment of educational programs taking into account the ongoing changes. The rapid development of new knowledge and technologies, and many other reasons, contribute to significant transformations of higher education systems around the world. At the same time, considering the speed of changes, it is quite difficult at the present time to assess the entire range of challenges and problems that face the sphere of higher education. Separate sections of the work have been published earlier in a number of articles by the author devoted to this problem.
An Exploratory Study on Authentic Leadership Concept in Fostering Training Effectiveness in Commercial Banks of Bangladesh
Authors: Akther Shahin
Published: September 2020

To train an organization’s staff results in qualified and knowledgeable performers and make them organizational assets by generating excellent leadership in the long run. A bank manager or leader understand the training gap of an employee and do the assessment according to the training need. Therefore, it is vital to pinpoint the training needs and ensure training effectiveness more than contemporary leadership behaviour of bank managers and trainers also. This study was conducted in the banks of Bangladesh to examine employee’s perception of the authentic leadership style of bank managers or senior officials, to evaluate the relationship between leaders (bank managers) & followers (bank employees) and relationship between authentic leadership style & training effectiveness. This is an exploratory research using qualitative approach with a sample size of 69 employees from commercial banks of Bangladesh. The study found that an authentic leaders or managers are more concern about training budget and training transfer than generic leaders.
O mercado de aluguel de imóveis comerciais e de serviços em centros históricos brasileiros: Implicações da conservação inovadora e da destruição aniquiladora nos preços dos bens patrimoniais
Authors: Lacerda Norma , Abramo Pedro
Published: September 2020

Diante da importância do parque imobiliário de locação destinado às atividades terciárias nos centros históricos brasileiros, este artigo pretende desenhar um esquema interpretativo do funcionamento desse mercado, tendo como fundamento o centro histórico recifense, em Pernambuco, com base na averiguação dos comportamentos dos seus agentes, os quais agem ora impulsionados a conservar os valores históricos dos bens patrimoniais (conservação inovadora), ora a destruí-los e, assim, aniquilar os valores neles presentes (destruição aniquiladora). Para isso, foi necessário analisar a relevância do rentismo imobiliário; as características dos bens transacionados quanto à heterogeneidade e às perspectivas de aumento da oferta; o perfil e o grau de informação dos agentes; suas condutas em face desses ativos reais e os preços de aluguéis ofertados no mercado.
Domeñando la Bestia Magnífica
Authors: Zambrano Sanjuán Carlos Andrés
Published: September 2020

The power phenomenon has always called the attention of the human being, but with the same force with which power seduces, attracts and clouds the judgment those who come to hold it, it also generates in others eagerly the need to find the basis and the reason for that power and, especially, to put a limit on it, to control it, to justify its opposite: the right of resistance and civil disobedience. As we know, since ancient times, in Classical Greece with Sophocles and his work Antigone, or Aeschylus and his myth of Prometheus chained,the humankind has debated the limit of obedience to the law, to the ruler, to power, and when, under certain circumstances, disobedience or resistance is justified or “protected by the gods”. From the hand of different analysis matrices, it is possible to find answers for several of these approaches, which allows us to reach a fundamental meeting point: regardless of the origin of the power or who hold it, it will always be absolutely necessary to establish some boundaries in their exercise, as well as control tools that avoid excesses in such exercise and that also offer remedies or solutions in case they arise. An in-depth analysis of power, of the structures that shape it and of the relationships it establishes in a society, is essential not only to understandthat society, but more importantly, to direct it towards an ideal stage in accordance with the basic and universal principles of well-being, prosperity and realization of both citizens and the entire society, within a framework of respect for fundamental guarantees and democracy .
Identificación y análisis de los factores explicativos de la percepción de inseguridad en Colombia en 2016
Authors: Buelvas Martinez Armando Miguel
Published: September 2020

High levels of perception of insecurity can have negative effects on people’s well-being, such as making them feel isolated or vulnerable, avoid certain places, increase private investment in security and fragmenting their sense of community. On top of that, high levels of insecurity perception can, in turn, increase crime levels. In Colombia, the insecurity perception rate is almost four times higher than the rate of citizens affected by anoffence. Hence, the objective of this research is to identify the main explanatory factors of the perception of insecurity in the cities of Colombia, through a multiple regression model based on five theories of perception of insecurity and the information from the Survey of Coexistence and Citizen Security of 2016. The main results of the research show that the variables associated with the theories of social networks, victimization and uncivility are the ones with the higher explanatory power of the perception of insecurity in Colombia.
New records and updates on alien Auchenorrhyncha species in Serbia
Authors: Sciban Marko , Kosovac Andrea
Published: September 2020

During a 2019 survey of the Auchenorrhyncha fauna in Serbia, three alien
species were recorded for the first time: a leafhopper species of Asian
origin Orientus ishidae (Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) and two North
American species, Acanalonia conica (Acanaloniidae) and Erasmoneura vulnerata
(Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Besides these first findings, the presence of
the leafhopper Phlogotettix cyclops (Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) was
confirmed in Serbia after its initial record more than a century ago. Other
allochthonous species already known to be present in local entomofauna were
also found: Japananus hyalinus (Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae), Scaphoideus
titanus (Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae), Stictocephala bisonia (Membracidae)
and Metcalfa pruinosa (Flatidae). The newly detected Auchenorrhyncha species
in Serbia, O. ishidae, A. conica and E. vulnerata, as well as Ph. cyclops,
are recognized as either tentative or true grapevine pests in Europe that
cause physical damage or induce phytoplasma-borne diseases. Our findings
reveal a potential phytosanitary risk that can emerge in Serbian vineyards in
upcoming years and support refocused research of Auchenorrhyncha diversity in
natural habitats, rather than in agroecosystems and their immediate
surroundings.
Allelic profile of Serbian Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris isolates from cabbage
Authors: Popovic Tatjana , Jelusic Aleksandra , Mitrovic Petar , Ilicic Renata , Markovic Sanja
Published: September 2020

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), the causal agent of black rot
disease of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.), is one of the most
important bacteria which affect proper cabbage growth, leading to head
weight and quality losses and thereby drastically reducing its marketing
value. The pathogen is genetically diverse, which is evident from the
presence of eleven races worldwide and more than thirty combinations of
allelic profiles. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the allelic
profiles of Serbian cabbage Xcc strains obtained in 2014. The analysis was
done on three selected Xcc strains whose DNA was first amplified using
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with four housekeeping genes - P-XdnaK,
fyuA, gyrB, and rpoD, then sequenced, and the obtained sequences were
finally used to determine allelic profiles. Allelic profiles were determined
by comparison with 33 Xcc strains obtained from different hosts and regions,
whose allelic profiles had been determined previously. A non-redundant
database (NRDB) from the pubMLST was used for allelic profile determination
and Phyloviz software for constructing a minimum spanning tree. The obtained
allelic profile of all Serbian Xcc cabbage strains was 1, 3, 1, 1 for the
P-X-dnaK, fyuA, gyrB and rpoD genes, respectively. This profile is assigned
as sequence type 2 (ST2) and it coincides with a Portuguese B. oleracea Xcc
strain, CPBF 213, originating from B. oleracea var. costata. No connection
between sequence type (ST) and the host was detected.
Composite design and thermal comfort evaluation of safety helmet with phase change materials cooling
Authors: Hu Wentao , Liu Zu`an , Yuan Meng , Peng Ying , Meng Xi , Hou Chaoping
Published: September 2020

Higher temperature and humidity will adversely affect the thermal comfort of helmet users. In order to improve the comfort level of the helmet and obtain an optimal cooling helmet model, four kinds of helmet models were established by using phase change material, heat-absorbing cooling technology, and fan cooling technology. Through the air conditioning system, the working states of four kinds of helmet models in the thermal environment of 30 ? were simulated, and the thermal comfort of four kinds of helmet models was evaluated. The results show that: high temperature environment is an important factor affecting the cooling effect of fan helmet fan, Under high temperature environment, the helmet with fan cooling technology has a certain cooling effect in the early stage, but after 30 minutes, the cooling effect becomes worse and worse. Under high temperature environment, phase change materials safety helmet has a good cooling effect, but poor ventilation results in the excreted sweat clinging to the scalp and hair, resulting in a poor user experience. There are defects in using phase change material heat absorption cooling technology or fan cooling technology alone. The helmet combines phase change material heat absorption cooling technology with fan cooling technology, so that the cooling effect and internal thermal environment stability of the helmet are the best, and the thermal sensation of human body is the best. Therefore, the helmet is an optimal design model.
The Implementation of Curriculum 2013 in English Teaching-Learning Process at SMA Negeri 1 Lubuk Pakam
Authors: Sinambela Windasari Safitri , Ginting Siti Aisah
Published: September 2020

This study deals with the implementation of Curriculum 2013 in English teaching learning process at SMA Negeri 1 Lubuk Pakam. The aims of this study were to describe the teachers’ effort in English teaching-learning process by applying scientific approach, to describe the teachers’ impelementation in English teaching-learning process by applying scientific approach, and to explain the teachers’ reasons to for the implement the scientific approach on that way. This study conducted by using qualitative research design. The source data of this study were teachers at XI IPA 1 and X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Lubuk Pakam comprised two teachers. The data of this study was the implementation of Curriculum 2013 on teaching-learning English process in the classroom. The data was analyzed by using Interactive Model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. Based on data analysis, it was found that the teachers did not implement all the curriculum 2013 steps correctly,  the teachers’ reasons for the implement curriculum 2013 on their way because the teachers had many experience in teaching, curriculum 2013 was done only because of the rule from the school. Other reasons were because they had short time in teaching and lacked of the books for material in curriculum 2013.   Keywords: curriculum 2013, implementation, English teaching learning process, scientific approach
The Maintenance of Siladang Language
Authors: Siregar Horia , Gurning Busmin
Published: September 2020

This study observed Siladang language maintenance in Desa Sipapaga. The objectives of the study are (1) to examine the factors affecting language maintenance (2) to find out the strategies in maintaining the Siladang language and (3) to find out the reasons of the Siladang people in maintaining their language. The method of this study was descriptive qualitative research. The participants were 20 Siladang people who live in Desa Sipapaga were taken by purposive random sampling. The research results are as follows (1) There are seven factors affecting Siladang language maintenance in Desa Sipapaga such as, Ethnolinguistic vitality, living together and see each other frequently, use of language in family domain (intra and inter marriage family, use of language in neighbor domain, use of language in religion domain, use of language in workplace domain, and practice traditional ceremony, (2) In maintaining the Siladang language, the Siladang people conducted some strategies such as; family language policy, using Siladang language in their daily life frequently, the using of Siladang language in cultural activity like in wedding ceremony. (3) The reasons of the Siladang people maintain their language are; they were proud of being Siladang people and speak Siladang language, and speak Siladang language shows their identity as Siladang people.   Keywords: language maintenance, Siladang
Symbols and Typical Expressions in Maritime English
Authors: Dirgeyasa I Wy
Published: September 2020

At present time, millions of people work in the maritime field worldwide. Of the millions people, they come from different countries with a diverse background with different level of English proficiencies which they bring from their home countries. That is why; the mastery of standard maritime communication system is a must. To be able to communicate correctly and properly in the Maritime World and industry, the ships’ crews must understand and master the typical features of Maritime English. This paper focuses and reviews an account of the typical features of Maritime English communication in terms of 1) Maritime English spelling system in communication, 2) maritime symbols and their meanings, and 3) typical expressions. Keywords: spelling system, symbols, typical expressions
COGNITIVE FUNCTION OF METAPHORS IN LUKAS VERSES OF THE BIBLE
Authors: Jabat Ina Swari , Gurning Busmin , Santoso Didik
Published: September 2020

This research is aimed to explore the cognitive function of metaphor in Jesus teaching in Lukas verses in parables. The research applies the Conceptual Metaphor Theory. The data is taken from fourteen verses of Lukas chapter 12 verse 35 to 48. The data analysis is applying the Creswell data analysis Hierarchal Data Analysis Technique. The data shows cognitive functions of Jesus’ Teachings to Bible’s readers. The data analysis revealed, there are 36 metaphors used. These metaphors are classified into categories of structural metaphors, ontological metaphors and orientational metaphors. The data show that Lukas chapter 12 verse 35 to 48 use the three cognitive function of metaphors, structural function, ontological function and orientational function. There is also with one additional function that there is metaphor formed as structural function but functioned as ontological function. And then, the metaphors are motivated by the similarity of experience between the metaphor and the back ground of the verses. Keywords: Conceptual Metaphors, Lukas Verses, Cognitive Function
TRANSLATION PROCEDURE USED IN QUICK REFERENCE OF COMPAQ NOTEBOOK PC
Authors: Nasution Indah Sari Ayu , Husein Rahmad , Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: September 2020

The aims of this study were to find out the types of translation procedures in the translation of Quick Reference of Compaq Notebook PC from English into Indonesian, and to describe the ways of proceduer translated in contextual situation from English into Indonesian. The research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative design. The data of this study were word,phrase,clouse and sentence that were translated from English into Indonesian on a book of “Quick Reference of Compaq Notebook PC as the source of data. Besides that, the data was analyzed by using translation procedure based on (Newmark,1988) which used to answer the questions number one and two to find the types and ways of translation procedure were used in Quick Reference of Compaq Notebook PC.The results of this study were found that there were eleven types of translation procedure used in translation of Quick Reference of Compaq Notebook PC namely transference, naturalization, culture equivalent, functional equivalent, synonymy, through translation, shift or transposition, modulation, recognised equivalent,componential analysis and reduction and expansion.The context of Translation procedure used in Quick Reference of Compaq Notebook PC were context situation based Halliday (1987) which used to answer the question number three.It consists of field,tenor and mode. Keywords: Quick Reference, Compaq Notebook PC, Translation Strategies
TRANSLATION PROCEDURESIN PATIENT INFORMATION LEAFLETS
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Gurning Busmin , Murni Sri Minda
Published: September 2020

The aims of this study were to find out the types of translation procedures in Patient Information Leaflets, to describe the realization of translation procedures and to explain about the reason of certain translation procedures realized in Patient Information Leaflets.The research was conducted by using qualitative descriptive design. The data of this study was translation unit that consists of words, phrases, clauses and sentences in Patient Information Leaflets in two versions, English as the source text and Bahasa Indonesia as the target text. The data was analyzed by using the theory of Translation Procedures based on (Vinay and Darbelnet, 2000) to find the types, realization and the reason of certain translation procedures were used in Patient Information Leaflets. The results of the study were; there were eight types of translation procedures in patient information leflets namely borrowing, calque, literal translation, transposition, modulation, equivalent, deletion and mixing procedures, there were some realization of translation procedures in patient information leaflets, and there were seven reasons behind the realization of translation procedures. Keywords: Translation, Translation Procedures, Patient Information Leaflets, English and Bahasa Indonesia.
A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON ORIFLAME CATALOGUE BEAUTY PRODUCT ADVERTISEMENTS
Authors: Butar Butar Mei Lastri E.F. , Pulungan Anni Holila , Husein Rahmad
Published: September 2020

The aims of this study are to investigate linguistic features, to describe the discursive techniques and to describe social implications that are used in oriflame catalogue beauty product advertisements. This research was conducted by using qualitative research design. The data of this study were texts on oriflame beauty product advertisements. The data analyzed by using three dimensional nature of critical analysis as preceded by Fairclough. There are three dimensional frameworks of analysis that are description/ text analysis, interpretation/process and explanation/social. The findings are (1) there were 7 out of 8 kind of linguistic features were found in oriflame catalogue beauty product advertisements. the most dominant linguistic feature used in the advertisement is adjective, (2) there were 9 discursive techniques that found in the second level analysis, the most technique used in the advertisements is emotive word.Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis, Advertisement, Linguistic Feature, Discursive Technique,  Social Implication
The controversies of parabens – an overview nowadays
Authors: Petric Zvonimir , Ružić Julia , Žuntar Irena
Published: September 2020

Effects of paraben toxicity, i.e., endocrine-disruption properties, are in the focus of researchers for decades, but still – they are a hot subject of debate. Parabens are aliphatic esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, which are widely used as antimicrobial agents for the preservation of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and foods. Mostly used parabens are methyl-, ethyl-, propyl- and butylparaben. Although the toxicity of parabens is reported in animals and in in vitro studies, it cannot be taken for granted when discussing hazards for human health due to an unrealistic exposure -safety profile. Many studies have demonstrated that parabens are non-teratogenic, non-mutagenic, non-carcinogenic and the real evidence for their toxicity in humans has not been established. For now, methyl-, ethyl- and propylparaben are considered safe for use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals within the recommended range of doses. Regarding alternatives for parabens, a variety of approaches have been proposed, but every substitute would need to be tested rigorously for toxicity and safety.
Improved 11α-hydroxycanrenone production by modification of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase gene in Aspergillus ochraceus
Authors: Li Qianqian , Shi Li , Liu Yingying , Guan Shimin , Zhang Shuo , Cai Baoguo , Rong Shaofeng
Published: September 2020

Eplerenone is a drug that protects the cardiovascular system. 11α-Hydroxycanrenone is a key intermediate in eplerenone synthesis. We found that although the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme system in Aspergillus ochraceus strain MF018 could catalyse the conversion of canrenone to 11α-hydroxycanrenone, its biocatalytic efficiency is low. To improve the efficiency of 11α-hydroxycanrenone production, the CYP monooxygenase-coding gene of MF018 was predicted and cloned based on whole-genome sequencing results. A recombinant A. ochraceus strain MF010 with the high expression of CYP monooxygenase was then obtained through homologous recombination. The biocatalytic rate of this recombinant strain reached 93 % at 60 h without the addition of organic solvents or surfactants and was 17–18 % higher than that of the MF018 strain. Moreover, the biocatalytic time of the MF010 strain was reduced by more than 30 h compared with that of the MF018 strain. These results show that the recombinant A. ochraceus strain MF010 can overcome the limitation of substrate biocatalytic efficiency and thus holds a high poten tial for application in the industrial production of eplerenone.
A cost-effective and sensitive TLC-densitometric identification of meloxicam
Authors: Parys Wioletta , Pyka-Pająk Alina , Dołowy Małgorzata
Published: September 2020

The influence of different chromatographic conditions and the process of spot visualization on determining the limit of detection as well as quantification (LOD and LOQ) of meloxicam by TLC-densitometric technique was estimated. Of all chromatographic conditions tested, the lowest limiting values, thus the best sensitivity, in the NP-TLC system was achieved on silica gel 60F254 and neutral aluminum oxide plates developed with the mobile phase consisting of ethyl acetate/toluene/n-butylamine (2:2:1, V/V/V). In the case of the RP-TLC method, a mixture of methanol/water (8:2, V/V) enabled densitometric detection of meloxicam at the lowest concentration level on RP-8F254 and RP-18F254 plates. Additionally, the smallest LOD value of meloxicam ensured crystalline violet and gentian violet as visualization agents on silica gel 60F254 and neutral aluminum oxide 150F254 plates, resp. Comparison of the densitometrically obtained spectra of meloxicam drug and its standard after the use of appropriate visualization agents could be a good and cheap alternative tool for the identification of meloxicam as an active pharmaceutical ingredient.
Drug-induced dyskinesias, can they be prevented?
Authors: Romaniuk Małgorzata , Suswał Konrad , Skałecka Aleksandra , Gromek Maria , Kozłowska Martyna , Krukow Paweł
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Dyskinesia is a symptom complex in the form of involuntary, repetitive movements of lips, lower jaw, tongue, less often the trunk and limbs. Despite the use of newer drugs in treatment neuroleptics, dyskinesia has not ceased to be a clinical problem.

Method: The work is based on a research review for which the Google Scholar database was used as well PubMed. The search range was limited to 2008-2020. We have included descriptive publications tardive dyskinesia only as a consequence of antipsychotic medications.

Material: We present the use of tetrabenazine analogues, deep brain stimulation, neuroleptics, benzodiazepines and botulinum toxin in late-suffering patients drug-induced dyskinesias, which may indicate an improvement in your health.

Discussion: The first method of treating tardive dyskinesia are withdrawal antipsychotic medications, but for many patients this is impossible. Valbenazine and Deep Brain Stimulation are the most effective in treating Tardive Dyskinesia.

Conclusions: There are not enough studies with the highest reliability to create unequivocal recommendations in the treatment of drug-induced tardive dyskinesia.
The sweet-and-sour soup of Michał Kalecki's political economy
Authors: Sulejewicz Aleksander
Published: September 2020

Leszek Jasiński [2019] attempts, as the title indicates, “a reading after half a century” of Michał Kalecki's thought. We dispute the main claim in the book, i.e. that Kalecki has a firm place in contemporary mainstream economics and was the originator of many ideas generally accepted today. On careful reading, virtually none of the models and theories by Kalecki selected by Jasiński for appraisal has entered mainstream neoclassical economic research and graduate academic teaching. Most of his policy advice was also neglected by the Capitalist State, (post)Stalinist “socialist” State, and “Intermediate Regimes” in developing countries. His opus remains original, advanced, insightful but heterodox in all contexts. Our main thesis is that, toutes proportions gardées, Jasiński is signalling an attempt to repeat the absorption of ‘bastardised’ Keynesianism into the mainstream “grand neoclassical synthesis” in the 1940s/50s with selected, reinterpreted, ‘bastardised’ Kaleckian ideas today. We also doubt that the unilinear view of the history of economic thought can be sustained.
Improvement of the Interfacial Adhesion Between Fiber and Matrix
Authors: Abdelhak Benaoum , Noureddine Mahmoudi , Hacen Mahmoudi
Published: September 2020

In this work, the influence of carbon fiber surface treatment on mechanical properties of unsaturated polyester was investigated. Two approaches have been used in the surface treatment; the first is the desizing of the carbon fiber by the release of the epoxy layer. The second is with the release of epoxy layer and etching the fibers. It was concluded that both methods give good results on adhesion between the matrix and the fibers. It is found that the treatment of carbon fibers is efficient and greatly improves the CFRP handress. The tensile strength of composite materials increases by 30% for etched carbon fibers compared to untreated carbon fibers.SEM images confirm the results obtained.
Effect of Printing Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Parts Fabricated with Open-Source 3D Printers in PLA by Fused Deposition Modeling
Authors: Ouhsti M. , El Haddadi B. , Belhouideg S.
Published: September 2020

3D polymer-based printers have become easily accessible to the public. Usually, the technology used by these 3D printers is Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The majority of these 3D printers mainly use acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA) to fabricate 3D objects. In order for the printed parts to be useful for specific applications, the mechanical properties of the printed parts must be known. The aim of this study is to determine the tensile strength and elastic modulus of printed materials in polylactic acid (PLA) according to three important printing parameters such as deposition angle, extruder temperature and printing speed. The central composite design (CCD) was used to reduce the number of tensile test experiments. The obtained results show that the mechanical properties of printed parts depend on printing parameters. Empirical models relating response and process parameters are developed. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the validity of models relating response and printing parameters. The optimal printing parameters are determined for the desired mechanical properties.
Effect of Finned-Tube on the Enhancement of Melting Process of PCM in Eccentric Cylinders
Authors: Khaldi S. , Nabil Korti A. , Abboudi S.
Published: September 2020

The process of melting of a phase-change material (PCM) in eccentric horizontal cylinders geometry is studied numerically. Numerical simulations are performed for symmetric melting of phase change material between the two cylinders using the finite volume method. The inner cylinder is a finned-tube to enhance the heat transfer between the inner cylinder and the PCM. Inner cylindrical is considered as hot wall while outer is insulated. These simulations show the melting process from the beginning to the end. As result, it is found that the use of fins on the inner tube increases the melting process by decreasing the time of melting by 72.72 %.