bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Typhoid fever and medicinal plants review: A case study in Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria., T. D Olaniyi , A Adetutu ,   Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria., O. M Oyedeji-Amusa ,   Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa and School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
Published: February 2025

Lack of waste management and antibiotic overuse make typhoid a major disease in Nigeria. According to many studies, typhoid fever and other salmonella infections are common in Nigeria. Due to multidrug resistance and development of carrier status of Salmonella typhi (the causative organism of typhoid fever) herbal medicines is becoming increasingly popular and widely accepted by Nigerians. However, information on plant usage for specific illnesses and diseases is fragmented, and consolidation is needed to understand and share herbal disease management information. Aim: This review compiles medicinal plants used in treating typhoid fever in Nigeria. Method: Based on inclusion criteria, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were searched for published publications. Results: A total of 166 plant species from 66 families were documented for treating typhoid fever across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Fabaceae is the most employed family, followed closely by Euphorbiaceae and Poaceae. Ten plants (Mangifera indica L., Carica papaya L., Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, Psidium guajava L., Citrus aurantifolia Christm, Ananas comosus (L.) Merr, Ocimumgratissimum L., Vernonia amygdalina (Wild) Darke, Alstonia boonei De Wild. and Azadirachta indica A. Juss) are widely used across the country. All parts of plants are reported to be relevant in treating typhoid fever. Leaves are mostly used alone or in combination with other plant parts. Conclusion: A wide variety of plants are used to treat typhoid in Nigeria. It is expected that this documentation of medicinal plants used for the treatment of typhoid fever will further promote bioprospecting and pharmacological research.
Phytochemicals in malaria treatment: Mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy
Authors:   Department of Research and Publications, Kampala International University, P. O. Box 20000, Main Campus, Uganda., E.U Alum
Published: February 2025

Malaria is an illness caused by Plasmodium parasites and transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes and is still a worldwide threat today, further complicated by emerging resistance to antimalarial drugs. Plant-derived bioactive compounds known as phytochemicals can be used as an alternative or complementary treatment to chemical-based antimalarial drugs. Aim: This narrative review aims to discuss the mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy of various phytochemicals in malaria treatment. Methodology: Reputable science-based databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, were used to a great extent to obtain data on this subject within the last decade. The impact of artemisinin, quinine, curcumin, nimbolide, berberine, and other related compounds on the Plasmodium parasites and their effects on growth and the host immune response were examined. The in vitro and in vivo investigations along with comprehensive clinical trials that compare the mechanism, efficiency, toxicity, and applicability of these phytochemicals in today’s therapeutic management procedures were discussed. Results: The study highlights the importance of phytochemicals in malaria control, particularly in developing treatment protocols and preventing drug resistance. It calls for further research to enhance the effectiveness of phytochemical-based treatments, explore synergistic effects, and address current shortcomings in malaria treatment. Conclusion: These results suggest that phytochemicals can be valuable components of a holistic approach to treat malaria and may actively contribute to worldwide initiatives for eliminating malaria.
Vectorial infectivity screening and epidemiology of schistosomiasis among inhabitants of Zango Kataf local government area, southern Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria., U Ishiekwene , E Kogi ,   Department of Biological sciences, Federal University of Health sciences, Otukpo, Nigeria., H Zakari ,   Department of Biological sciences, Federal University of Health sciences, Otukpo, Nigeria. and Department of Biology, Federal University Lokoja, Nigeria., S Zakari ,   Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Federal University of Health sciences, Otukpo, Nigeria and Covenant Applied Informatics and Communication – Africa Centre of Excellence (CApIC-ACE), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria., G.E Mbanu ,   Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture and Environmental sciences, Umuogwa, Nigeria.
Published: February 2025

Schistosomiasis is a major public health problem in developing countries like Nigeria. This epidemiological study is therefore aimed to determine its transmission status in Zokwa, Kaduna State Nigeria. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted from April-September, 2015 among 567 participants from Zokwa community. Fecal and Urine samples were examined using the formalin-ether sedimentation and filtration method. Demographic and risks factors were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Results: The overall prevalence of schistosomiasis was 0% for both Urinary and Intestinal Schistosomiasis. Demographic revealed 287 (50.6%) males and 280 (49.4%) females, people of age bracket (≤20years), 209(36.9%) as students, 327(57.7%) and 21(3.7%) used well water and stream water for domestic use, 281(49.5%) were involved in washing and 35(6.2%)in swimming,248(43.7%) practice open field defecation while128 (22.5%) used water closest. Snail vectors for schistosomiasis were observed absent in screened water bodies during the study period. Retrospective data revealed more males 67(13.4%) than females 58 (10.0%) had gastrointestinal parasite, 6(0.56%) had Schistosoma Mansoni infection recorded in 1 female (0.17%) and 5 males (1.0%). Fasciola sp. 1(0.17%) and Hookworm 56(5.1%) recorded least and highest infection rate. The highest and least helminthic infection rates were recorded in the Months of September 22(26.83%), October 21(24.45%) and March 12(10.53%). There was significant association (p < 0.05) between sex and intestinal helminth infections. Conclusion: The study revealed there is no active transmission of schistosomiasis in Zokwa community in Nigeria. Continuous mass drug administration, health education and community mobilization will serve as important control strategies to attain eradication status.
High prevalence of female genital mutilation and gender-based violence among women in Ebonyi state
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi, Nigeria, O. C Ofor , A.A Freitas ,   Department of Anatomy, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria., P.A Wome ,   Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers, Nigeria., K.C Ani ,   Department of English Language and Literature. Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Published: February 2025

Female genital mutilation is defined by the World Health Organization as the non-therapeutic damage or removal of a woman's external genitalia, affecting an estimated 200 million girls and women globally. Female genital mutilation is primarily practiced in about 30 countries, including Nigeria, where over 20 million women and girls are impacted. Often performed on girls from infancy to puberty. Female genital mutilation is rooted in gender inequality and linked to motivations such as ensuring virginity and securing marriage prospects. Despite its severe complications, including pain, infection, and death, the practice persists due to religious, hygienic, and sociocultural justifications.
METHODOLOGY: This study aimed to assess the awareness and perceptions of Female genital mutilation and Gender-based violence among residents of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Data were collected via a hybrid questionnaire from 60 residents, analyzed using Excel and Power BI.
RESULT: Results showed that 85% were aware of Female genital mutilation, but 65% were unaware of Gender-based violence. Additionally, 56% were unaware of related campaigns, and 65% were unaware of support services.
DISCUSSION: Despite high awareness of Female genital mutilation, significant gaps in knowledge about Gender-based violence and available support services indicate a need for enhanced community outreach, particularly in rural areas.
CONCLUSION: The study concludes that addressing Female genital mutilation and Gender-based violence requires comprehensive approaches, including legal reforms, community education, and support systems for survivors. Engaging men and boys and challenging harmful norms are essential, alongside sustained global cooperation and community involvement to eliminate these practices.
Social and psycho-physiological cConsequences of overcrowding aAmong internally displaced persons in Nigeria's North-East (A Psychological Appraisal of IDP’S in Dalori Camp, Maiduguri, Borno State Nigeria)
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria, G.A Akinbode , F Ayodeji ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria, B.A Aroyewun ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria, O.A Obadan ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
Published: February 2025

Human beings have an acceptable level of crowding above which their well-being will become significantly impaired. This study examined the social and psycho-physiological consequences of overcrowding on the well-being of IDPs. Data was gathered from 90 IDPs from the Dalori IDP camp in Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria. The study is anchored on Freedman's Density-Intensity Theory and Stokol's Overcrowding Theory, which posit that sensory inputs overload and perception of insufficient control over the environment impair human psych-physiological functioning, as well as engender feelings of learned helplessness. Participants responded to four survey instruments, the Health Symptoms Checklist (HSC), The Stress Symptoms Checklist (SSC), The Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), and The Symptom Distress Checklist (SCL-90). Results showed that IDPs in crowded shelters reported more health symptoms, sleep disorders, and physical and psycho-physiological dysfunctions than those in less crowded shelters. The study also revealed that IDP residents in the camp report more psycho-physiological dysfunctions and depressive symptoms than those who are residents outside the camp. A major implication of the finding is that given the precarious environmental conditions prevailing in IDP camps in the North-East, of Nigeria, there is a need to focus on addressing the issue of overcrowding in IDP camps to improve the well-being of IDPs resident in the camps.
Histomorphological findings in the brain of adult Wistar rats exposed to the ecstasy Pill; 3, 4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine
Authors:   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kampala International University, western campus, Ishaka, Uganda., I C Idehen , O Yibala ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kampala International University, western campus, Ishaka, Uganda., B S Yakubu ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kampala International University, western campus, Ishaka, Uganda., J K Bankole ,   Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria., E Asibor ,   Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria., E O Dic-Ijiewere ,   Department of Chemical Pathology, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria., J J Chelimo , K O Iyevhobu ,   Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria.
Published: February 2025

In all vertebrates and the majority of invertebrates, the brain is the organ that acts as the hub of the nervous system. 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a derivative of amphetamine that affects the central nervous system (CNS), is marketed under the brand name Molly and is abused for its intoxicating recreational effects. Using adult Wistar rats, this study sought to ascertain the histomorphological effects of molly on the brain. The animal farm provided 25 adult Wistar rats with a mean weight of 110.10g, and segmented into five groups (A–E). Groups B through E were the test groups, and group A was the control. Molly was made in graded doses for Groups B through E, and the amount to be given was determined by weighing the dosages. Sections were taken from the samples and subjected to histological processing after brain tissues were removed and preserved in 10% formal saline for a full day. A segment of the brain including normal neurons with normochromic nuclei, pale cytoplasm, and normal glial cells was displayed in groups A (control), B, and E. There were typical fibrillary extensions in the backdrop. In conclusion, modest dosages of MDMA did not cause alterations in the brain associated with oxidative stress. Adult rats treated with MDMA did not exhibit changes in brain morphology or histology. To determine whether moderate MDMA dosages cause brain alterations in adult animals and whether these changes are permanent and might manifest later in maturity or old age, more research is needed.
Diagnóstico por imágenes del calado de la distribución mediante interpretación de oscilogramas para un motor de combustión interna
Authors: Reyes Yagual Exon José , Colcha Guashpa Freddy
Published: February 2025

El presente trabajo investigativo es realizado en la ciudad de Esmeraldas, a una altura de 25 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Se divide en dos protocolos de diagnóstico, una prueba del calado de distribución y otra para verificar el estado de la compresión en cilindros. El vehículo de prueba es un Kia Sportage 2.0 litros del 2015, el cual tiene sensores para el árbol de levas y para el cigüeñal. A través de un medidor de presión se verificó una compresión de 140psi con una variación de 10 psi entre cilindros, evento normal. Para ver los oscilogramas se utiliza el osciloscopio PicoScope que en la primera prueba será conectado en el pin de señal del sensor de árbol de levas y cigüeñal, con el cual se verifica con la biblioteca que tiene el portal web Rotkee, afirmando que el calado del vehículo es correcto. A su vez, para realizar la prueba de compresión de cilindros se utiliza el transductor de presión de Kavlico modelo P265 y el osciloscopio. Al comparar los 4 cilindros del motor de combustión interna, se verifica que el oscilograma es similar, dando el diagnóstico que el motor se encuentran en buenas condiciones. Estas técnicas de diagnóstico mejoran resultados en un taller automotriz, sin la intervención al despiece total o parcial del motor se puede emitir un resultado a una falla.
Caracterización de lesiones en estructuras óseas causadas por artefacto explosivo en el conflicto armado colombiano -reporte de dos casos enmarcados en la ley de justicia y paz-
Authors: Torres Ingry , Rodriguez Emmanuel
Published: February 2025

El uso de artefactos explosivos, convencionales y no convencionales, ha sido más o menos frecuente en el contexto del conflicto interno armado colombiano. Según los datos estadísticos del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses, Regional Noroccidente, se registraron 636 decesos a causa de explosivos de diversos tipos, atendidos por las diferentes Unidades Básicas, Seccionales y Regionales del Instituto en todo el país, desde enero de 2011, hasta agosto 15 de 2012 (1).El presente documento reporta dos casos en los cuales se realizó la necropsia en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses (INMLCF), -Regional Bogotá y Regional Noroccidente-, y posteriormente fueron examinados interdisciplinariamente en los laboratorios de antropología forense de dichas regionales. Allí se documentaron macroscópica y radiológicamente los traumatismos óseos ocasionados por artefacto explosivo, teniendo en cuenta su ubicación anatómica y la cantidad de elementos metálicos incrustados, como criterios orientadores sobre el foco de la explosión. El diagnóstico incluyó el perfil bioantropológico de cada individuo.
Effect of air polishing on surface roughness in implant abutments
Authors:   Department of Dentistry, Maa Vindhyavasini Autonomous State Medical College, Mirzapur, India, Sah Neha , Bamusa Badr ,   Department of Preventive Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Mehrotra Nidhi ,   Department of Periodontology, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India, Pradhan Asutosh ,   Master of Public Health, Asian Institute of Public Health, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Mishra Supriya ,   Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, Goyal Srishty ,   Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT-DU, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Published: February 2025

This in vitro investigation attempts to assess how air polishing with various abrasive powders affects implant abutment surface roughness. Thirty titanium implant abutments, split into three groups of ten each, were used in this in vitro investigation. Powdered glycine was given to Group A, powdered sodium bicarbonate to Group B, and powdered erythritol to Group C. For 20 seconds, all abutments were air polished at a pressure of 60 psi and a nozzle distance of 5 mm. A profilometer assessed the surface roughness (Ra values) before and after treatment. Implant abutments' surface roughness changed very little after air polishing with erythritol and glycine powders. Therefore, implant care is possible. Sodium bicarbonate powder, on the other hand, dramatically increased surface roughness, which would raise the possibility of biofilm formation. Consequently, it is advised to regularly clean implant abutments using glycine and erythritol.
An update on CAD-CAM usage for removable partial denture fabrication: A systematic review
Authors:   Department of Prosthodontics, D.Y. Patil Deemed to be University, School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Singh Rajeev , Mistry Gaurang , Choudhary Manju , Parab Sheetal , Ansari Rasha ,   Department of Prosthodontics, D.Y. Patil Deemed to be University, School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Sachdev Sanpreet Singh ,   Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Published: February 2025

The accuracy of Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems in the fabrication of removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks compared to conventional manufacturing methods is of interest to dentists. Known data show that CAD-CAM systems produce RPD frameworks with superior fit and adaptation, potentially reducing post-insertion adjustments and enhancing patient satisfaction. The importance of digital impressions, advanced CAD software, and the capabilities of milling or 3D printing equipment in determining the success of CAD-CAM fabricated frameworks is highlighted. Despite promising results, further research is needed to evaluate the long-term clinical performance of CAD-CAM systems in RPD fabrication and to address the existing limitations.
Linking platelet indices and uterine artery Doppler parameters for preeclampsia prediction and its severity
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raebareli, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India, Verma Simran , Singh Shikha ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, S.N. Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India, Bhasker Nilam ,   Department of Pathology, ESIC Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, Jain Meenal ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, S.N. Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India, Sahu Sangita ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, S.N. Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India, Singh Hari ,   Department of Radiodiagnosis, S.N. Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India, Verma Navya ,   Modern School, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: February 2025

Preeclampsia is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy and the second largest cause of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Preeclampsia is a multi-systemic hypertension condition with an unknown cause. A Prospective Observational Study was conducted on antenatal women with gestation age of 11 to 13+6 weeks. Participants underwent routine investigations including Platelet Indices and Uterine Artery USG Doppler. Selected patients were specifically evaluated at 22-24 weeks, 31-34 weeks, and >36 weeks until delivery along with routine antenatal care visits. Among the platelet indices, the platelet Count, Mean Platelet volume (MPV), Platelet/Lymphocyte ratio were found significant and among Uterine Artery Doppler Parameters- Pulsatility Index was found significant in prediction of preeclampsia. The Combination of platelet indices and uterine artery doppler parameters showed better sensitivity in prediction of early onset and severe form of preeclampsia can be incorporated into routine prenatal care using the existing infrastructure can be used in the prediction and early diagnosis of preeclampsia.
Effectiveness of respiratory care modalities on biophysiological parameters among COPD patients at a tertiary care hospital in Chennai, India
Authors:   Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, The TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Ahamed Shabana Nisar , Ethiraj Theranirajan ,   Department of Pediatrics, Madras Medical College, The TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Rajendran Shankar Shanmugam ,   Department of Pediatric Nursing, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, The TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Duraikannu Anandhi ,   Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, The TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Devadoss Sudha , ayaraman Divya Bharathi , Mani Sundari ,   Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, The TN Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: February 2025

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the prevalent global health problems, with chronic respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to anatomic abnormalities primarily in the airways and alveoli. Therefore it is of interest to evaluate the effectiveness of respiratory care modalities on biophysiological parameters in COPD patients at a tertiary care hospital in Chennai. Using a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test control groups, 80 subjects were selected through non-probability purposive sampling. The intervention, lasting 10-15 minutes and administered thrice daily over four weeks, aimed to enhance physiological parameters. Results indicated a statistically significant improvement, with the mean respiratory issue score decreasing from 7.45 to 4.80 (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the respiratory care modalities effectively improved biophysiological parameters in COPD patients, demonstrating significant benefits from the interventions. Thus, respiratory care can enhance the health status of individuals with COPD.
Association of visual impairment with malnutrition among elderly Indians: A pilot study
Authors:   All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India, Verma Rahul Kumar , Shrinkhal Shrinkhal ,   Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India, Biswas Koushik ,   Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: February 2025

The elderly with visual impairment in India are at increased risk of malnutrition. Hence, a cross-sectional study of 50 visually impaired (visual acuity <6/18) and 50 normal vision elderly participants by convenience sampling at the ophthalmology clinic was completed. Interview and nutritional assessment of participants using Mini Nutritional Assessment were carried out. Visually impaired elderly reported less frequent consumption of dairy products (52% vs. 58%), legumes or eggs (82% vs. 94%) and fruits or vegetables (80% vs. 90%), compared to those with normal vision. Logistic regression analysis revealed visual impairment as an independent risk factor for malnutrition in the elderly (OR 8.41, 95% CI 1.52 – 46.36, p=0.015).
Estimation of age using pulp/tooth area ratio using orthopantomographs and intra-oral periapical radiographs
Authors:   Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, NIMS Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, Mehru Monika , Sharma Rohit , Kumar Vipin , Hazara Himani , Joshi Shubhangi , Chhabra Kumar Gaurav ,   Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, NIMS Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, Reche Amit ,   Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, DMIHER, Sawangi Meghe, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
Published: February 2025

In forensic dentistry, teeth are crucial for assessing age, as they remain intact even after death. Various regression models, such as polynomial regression, new robust regression equations, multiple linear regression models, and partial least squares linear regression, are used to determine age. The pulp/tooth area ratio (AR) of maxillary canines is a direct link between age and the subject's age, making multiple regressions the most reliable method. Teeth hardness and invariant changes in their structure also strengthen teeth's applicability in estimating age. These statistical methods are suitable for both forensic and clinical applications, making them suitable for both forensic and clinical applications.
Insights from Shigella bacteriophage genomes analysis
Authors:   Division of Bioinformatics, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections, Kolkata, India, Kayet Pratanu , Bhattacharjee Surajit ,   Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tripura University, Suryamani nagar-799022, Tripura, India, Dutta Shanta ,   Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections, Kolkata, India, Basak Surajit ,   Division of Bioinformatics, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections, Kolkata, India
Published: February 2025

Shigella species, a major cause of shigellosis, remain a substantial global health issue, and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant Shigella strains has aggravated the situation. Hence, four Shigella phages were investigated to provide insights into the evolutionary trajectories and genomic properties of Shigella-infecting bacteriophages using comparative genome analysis. Analysis shows that these four phages belong to the Tequatrovirus genus and include a considerable number of proteins for 'Tail' and "DNA, RNA, and Nucleotide Metabolism," indicating their aptitude for specialized host interaction and replication efficiency. The identification of 10 tRNAs further support that, these phages have high replication efficiency. Thus, this study improves our understanding of phage evolution by exposing the genetic mechanisms that drive phage adaptability and host specificity. This also highlights the significance of phage genomic research in developing viable therapies for antibiotic-resistant Shigella infections.
Enhancing critical thinking and emotional coping of nursing students through life skills training
Authors:   Department of Psychiatric Nursing, KMCH College of Nursing, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu - 641048, Ramakrishnan Buvaneswari ,   India, Sylvia Juliet ,   Department of Community health Nursing, Alagappa College of Nursing, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu - 630003; India
Published: February 2025

In the dynamic healthcare landscape, nurses must develop life skills beyond clinical expertise to provide effective patient care and ensure professional growth. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a structured life skills training program for first-year B.Sc. Nursing students in Tamil Nadu, India. This true experimental pretest-posttest design study was conducted in six randomly selected nursing colleges in Trichy district, Tamil Nadu. The sample included 257 first-year B.Sc. Nursing students, with 126 in the experimental group and 131 in the control group. The eight-week Life Skills Training Program consisted of weekly two-hour sessions. The experimental group showed significant improvements in critical thinking (F=64.26, p<0.001), decision making (F=35.02, p<0.001), problem solving (F=77.54, p<0.001) and coping with emotions (F=39.03, p<0.001) compared to the control group. Associations were found between life skills and socio-demographic variables such as the number of friends, hobbies, reason for choosing nursing and interest in the course.
« Moi et les Autres » : Intérêt, limites et perspectives d’un outil pédiatrique d’autodétermination des objectifs autour des habiletés sociales
Authors: Orain Clémence
Published: February 2025

Contexte. La socialisation est fondamentale pour le développement et le bien-être. Les défis rencontrés par certains enfants dans le domaine des habiletés sociales soulignent un besoin de soutien. Si l’ergothérapie offre une approche holistique pour favoriser la participation sociale, les outils spécifiques pour explorer ce domaine restent limités. « Moi et les autres », un nouvel outil pour faire émerger des objectifs mettant en jeu les habiletés sociales, vise à combler ce manque et à promouvoir une pratique centrée sur la personne. Objectif. Investiguer dans quelle mesure l’utilisation de « Moi et les autres » peut favoriser l’exploration du domaine des habiletés sociales dans la pratique quotidienne des ergothérapeutes. Matériel et méthodes. Cette étude utilise une méthodologie mixte. Un questionnaire en ligne a permis de recueillir des données quantitatives et un recueil de données qualitatives par focus groups a été mené auprès d’ergothérapeutes. Résultats. Si les trente-trois réponses au questionnaire en ligne ont fait émerger des éléments clés, les données qualitatives collectées auprès de dix ergothérapeutes ont permis d’approfondir. Quatre thèmes ont émergé décrivant le besoin d’un outil spécifique dans le domaine des habiletés sociales, l’exploration des motivations pour l’utilisation de « Moi et les autres », les obstacles à son utilisation, ainsi que ses ressources et perspectives de développement. Conclusion. Si « Moi et les autres » offre un support visuel pour soutenir l’exploration des habiletés sociales, des défis limitent son utilisation pratique. Des ajustements ont été apportés pour améliorer son utilisabilité. Les implications pour la recherche future sont discutées.
Kepeminpinan Kristen dalam Masyarakat Majemuk untuk Menjaga Keharmonisan dan Keberagaman
Authors: Dedi Dedi  , Ester Novita Desi  , Asnawati Saogo  , Semuel Linggi Topayung
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the role of leadership in pluralistic societies and how leadership can foster harmony in diversity. Leadership in this context goes beyond decision-making; it also involves the ability to unite various elements of society that come from different cultural, social, and religious backgrounds. The research reveals that effective leadership in a pluralistic society requires not only skills in managing conflicts and differences, but also qualities such as integrity, empathy, and the courage to make fair decisions. Furthermore, multicultural education and the implementation of inclusive leadership principles, based on universal values such as tolerance, mutual respect, and cooperation, play a crucial role in creating a harmonious society. Through this approach, societies can more easily overcome the challenges of diversity and build peaceful and prosperous communities.
A Comparative Study of Technology Integration in EFL Classrooms in Public and Vocational High Schools in Indonesia
Authors: Warda Lessy  , Lailatul Qadriyah Umarella
Published: February 2025

This study examines how technology is used in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms in public and vocational high schools in Indonesia, focusing on teachers' practices and the challenges they face. Using a quantitative approach with a sample of 30 EFL teachers, the findings show that both groups are comfortable and skilled in using technology. However, vocational schoolteachers report significantly higher levels of technology integration and access compared to public school teachers. Key factors affecting technology integration include access to technology, technical skills, and effective integration practices. The results highlight the need for targeted professional development and resource allocation to promote fair technology integration in education. Ultimately, this improvement aims to enhance EFL instruction and better prepare students for a competitive global environment.
Impact Of Quality Courseware on Effective E-Learning
Authors: Saif M. Duhaim  , Zahraa H. Ghadhban
Published: February 2025

Courseware is an effective and important teaching and learning model, and it is at the core of the process of creating e-learning. The objective of this paper is to show effect of quality courseware on effective e-learning. A quantitative research approach by questionnaire has been utilized. A total 90 participants have been surveyed with the use of the questionnaire. This study shows that quality courseware was the most significant positive factor and more import e learning success.
Implementasi dengan Metode Cpm-Pert Terhadap Penjadwalan Proses Produksi Conveyor Table Top Chain pada CV. Adikarya Teknik Sidoarjo
Authors: Erwin Saputro  , Handy Febri Satoto
Published: February 2025

Cv. Adikarya Teknik is one of the manufacturing companies engaged in the field of mechanical engineering that produces wire mesh and conveyor table top chains. Cv. Adikarya Teknik has 6 projects that did not meet the 2024 work targets, resulting in delays in the completion of Conveyor Table Top Chain products. The delays are quite significant, with the work for Aqua Mineral Water being delayed by 11 days and Pocari by 10 days. Production analysis using the CPM and PERT methods to identify priority issues of delay risks and improve operational efficiency. By using the CPM method, it was found that the critical path of the Conveyor Table Top Chain production project lies in activities A-B-C-E-F-G-H-I-J-K-L-M-N (all located on the critical path). There is slack in activity D (Incoming Material); if it is delayed, it will not affect the critical path activities. The results of the PERT method on the Conveyor Table Top Chain project show that the probability of the conveyor production project being completed faster than the usual time, which is within a duration of 127 days, is 84%.
El papel de la Corte Constitucional en la protección de los derechos humanos en Ecuador: análisis de sentencia
Authors: Ramos Zavala Héctor Raúl , Bayas Zavala Washington Medardo , Arias Pinos Mentor Vicente , Guambuguete Paredes Pablo Esteban
Published: February 2025

La protección de los derechos humanos es un principio fundamental consagrado en la Constitución ecuatoriana de 2008, especialmente en contextos de violencia intrafamiliar, un problema que afecta a las víctimas directas y perpetúa desigualdades estructurales. Este fenómeno, que vulnera derechos como la dignidad, la integridad y la igualdad, es abordado mediante un marco normativo robusto. La Constitución, junto con la Ley Orgánica Integral para Prevenir y Erradicar la Violencia contra las Mujeres establece medidas de atención, protección y reparación, complementadas por tratados internacionales como la Convención de Belém do Pará y la CEDAW, que exigen políticas públicas integrales y un sistema judicial fortalecido. La Corte Constitucional del Ecuador desempeña un papel clave en la garantía de los derechos humanos, interpretando y aplicando principios constitucionales para abordar casos complejos como la violencia de género. La sentencia N° 363-15-EP/21 destaca por su enfoque en garantizar el debido proceso, la presunción de inocencia y la motivación judicial. Además, establece estándares claros para proteger a las víctimas, prevenir la revictimización y promover la justicia inclusiva y equitativa. La Corte también refuerza el alineamiento entre la normativa interna y los estándares internacionales, consolidando su rol como promotora de cambios estructurales y culturales. A pesar de los avances, persisten desafíos como la sobrecarga procesal, la falta de recursos y la necesidad de capacitar a operadores de justicia en perspectiva de género.
Analisis Tantangan Dalam Inovasi Pelayanan Pencatatan Sipil di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Sidoarjo: Studi Kasus Penerbitan Akta Kematian
Authors: Tasman Rosdiana , Tukiman
Published: February 2025

Sebagai perwujudan atas upaya pemerintah dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik, Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sidoarjo berinovasi dengan memanfaatkan teknologi digital agar penduduk wilayah Kabupaten Sidoarjo mendapatkan kemudahan dalam akses administrasi kependudukan dan pencatatan sipil, khususnya Akta Kematian yang merupakan dokumen penting. Selain peristiwa kelahiran, peristiwa atas kematian seseorang harus segera dilaporkan agar tercatat oleh negara dan membantu pemerintah dalam menghitung angka jumlah penduduk. Inovasi dalam pelayanan publik, terutama di bidang administrasi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, kecepatan, dan kualitas pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Namun dalam implementasinya seringkali terdapat berbagai tantangan yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan inovasi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan analisis indikator SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunity, Threats). Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dalam proses penerapan inovasi pelayanan pencatatan sipil dengan memanfaatkan teknologi untuk menunjang pelayanan publik kenyataannya terdapat tantangan baik dari segi internal maupun eksternal.
Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Menstrual Distress pada Remaja Putri di Klaten
Authors: Permatasari Devi , Sina Putriningsih Rahma , Sat Titi Hamranani Sri , Elsera Chori , Dhian Arlina
Published: February 2025

Being a teenager is like being in the middle of a big transformation from being a kid to becoming a grown-up. Lots of stuff happens during this time, including hormonal, social, psychological, and behavioral adaptations to internal pressures (stressors). Family support is the most effective support system that can help alleviate psychological pressure. In this study, the instruments used were. Family support and MEDI-Q. the research population was selected using the spearman rank. Out of 70 respondents, 18 (25,7%) had strong family support, 50 (71,45) had moderate family support, and 2 (2,9%) had weak family support. Respondents with mild menstrual distress numbered 37 (52,9%), while 31 (44,3%) experienced moderate menstrual distress, and 2 (2,9%) had severe menstrual distress. When we looked at the spearman test results, we found that there was a strong connection between how much support a girl gets from her family and how much she struggles with her period. This means that having a supportive family can make a big difference in how hard it is for a girl to deal with her period
Keyword: Family support, distress symptoms, menstrual distress
Efektivitas Pijat Endorphin Dan Countour Presure Terhadap Nyeri Persalinan Di Klinik Annisa
Authors: Yuni Junia Setiyowati , Septa Rini Ageng , Jayatmi Irma
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Labor pain is a physiological process, which occurs due to contractions due to internal hormonal processes childbirth such as increased oxytocin levels, increased prostaglandin levels and decreased progesterone levels. Efforts that can be applied to reduce labor pain in the first stage are non-pharmacological methods, one of which is endorphin massage and counter pressure. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of endorphin massage and counter pressure on the intensity of labor pain in the active phase of the first stage. Method: Using a before and after quasi-experimental design with 30 respondents divided randomly into two groups, namely group A received endorphin massage therapy, group B received countour pressure massage therapy. Results: Between the two groups, the normality value tested with the Shapiro Wilk showed a p- value>0.05 and the parametric statistical test paired T Test showed a p-value <0.05. Conclusion: giving endorphin massage and countour pressure has been proven to be able to reduce the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase.
Keywords: Endorphin, Countour Pressure, Labor Pain
A LEI ANTI-DESMATAMENTO EUROPEIA: DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES PARA O BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DO RELATÓRIO FINAL DA CÚPULA DO IGUAZU
Authors: R. Teixeira Madalena Samantha
Published: February 2025

A partir do contexto econômico e socioambiental brasileiros atualmente, especialmente no que se refere à exportação de produtos agropecuários para o mercado europeu, o presente trabalho propõe estudar quais os desafios para a adaptação, e os possíveis impactos negativos em caso dela não correr, ensejados pela entrada em vigor da European Deforestation Act (EUDR) com base nos dados aferidos pelo relatório “Implementation of the EU Deflorestation Regulation in Mercosur Countries: Achievements and Further Challenges” oriundo da Cúpula do Iguazu (Iguazu Summit), evento sediado na Argentina com representantes de países europeus e do mercosul. O objetivo geral da investigação é apontar quais seriam os desafios ensejados e os potenciais prejuízos do impedimento da continuidade da exportação de produtos brasileiros à União Europeia – tendo por objetivos específicos: (i) analisar a nova legislação europeia anti-desmatamento, intentando elucidar as novas regras e quais seriam as principais mudanças que passarão a viger a partir de 30 de dezembro de 2024; (ii) estudar o atual panorama brasileiro, especificamente voltado para a análise dos produtos encaminhados para exportação ao mercado europeu (como a carne, o café, o cacau, o dendê, a borracha, a soja, a madeira, entre outros), a fim compreender quais seriam as principais atividades afetadas por esta nova legislação e de que forma essa repercussão se daria; (iii) analisar, com base no documento “Implementation of the EU Deflorestation Regulation in Mercosur Countries: Achievements and Further Challenges” resultante do Iguazu Summit, para intentar indicar quais seriam os principais desafios à implementação do novo regulamento para a integralidade da exportação brasileira, assim como quais seriam os possíveis impactos econômicos e socioambientais decorrentes impossibilidade de adaptação e, assim, da recusa da importação de produtos brasileiros pelo mercado europeu. A metodologia adotada para a presente pesquisa é o método de abordagem indutivo e o método de procedimento monográfico, sendo as técnicas de pesquisa a documental e a bibliográfica.
Aktivitas Jurnalis di Instagram Sebagai Kanal Distribusi Berita @Ceklissatu
Authors: Melati Levinda , Kusumadinata Ali Alamsyah
Published: February 2025

Perkembangan teknologi dan media sosial telah mengubah cara masyarakat mengonsumsi berita. Instagram sebagai salah satu platform media sosial yang populer menawarkan berbagai fitur yang memungkinkan distribusi berita secara visual dan interaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas Instagram sebagai kanal distribusi berita oleh @Ceklissatu. Dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara, penelitian ini mengkaji strategi distribusi berita, keterlibatan audiens, serta dampak penggunaan Instagram terhadap penyebaran informas dan memahami efektivitas penggunaan instagram sebagai kanal distribusi berita di @ceklissatu serta menganalisis frekuensi posting, jenis konten yang dibagikan, engagement (like, komentar, share, dan save), serta jumlah followers. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Instagram efektif dalam meningkatkan jangkauan berita dan keterlibatan audiens, meskipun terdapat tantangan dalam mempertahankan tingkat interaksi yang konsisten.
Periprosthetic Joint Infections in Total Hip Arthroplasty: An Integrative Review of Risk Factors, Pathogens, and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Ferreira Júnior Mário Soares , da Silva Azevedo Nora Fernanda Grazielle
Published: February 2025

Objective
This study aims to analyze the main risk factors, infectious agents, and treatment protocols for periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) in total hip arthroplasty (THA).
Methods
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and related databases for articles published between 2015 and 2025. Studies addressing PJI in THA were included, focusing on clinical outcomes, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic protocols. Data were descriptively analyzed based on 55 relevant studies.
Results Significant risk factors identified include obesity, diabetes, and prior surgical interventions. The primary causative agents were Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, with fungal infections, though rare, presenting unique challenges. Among therapeutic strategies, two-stage revision surgeries exhibited the lowest failure rates for chronic infections, particularly with the use of antibiotic-loaded cement spacers and multidisciplinary approaches.
Conclusion
PJI in THA remains a clinical challenge requiring early diagnosis and individualized treatment. Multidisciplinary approaches and robust prevention protocols significantly improve clinical outcomes.
DISPARITAS PUTUSAN HAKIM DALAM PENJATUHAN PIDANA UANG PENGGANTI TERHADAP TERDAKWA TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI
Authors: Wibowo Agus Ari , Franciska Wira , Ismed Mohamad
Published: February 2025

The disparity in money substitutes reflects the empirical reality in the Indonesian justice system, namely how judges factually make decisions by considering various aspects, including juridical and sociological considerations. The research method used in this research is a normative juridical approach which is carried out as an effort to obtain the necessary data related to the problem. Data used with secondary data and tertiary legal materials. In addition, primary data is also used as a supporter of secondary data legal materials. For data analysis, a qualitative juridical analysis method is used. The results of the study that the implementation of money substitutes in corruption is based on Article 17 juncto Article 18 of law no. 31 of 1999 jo. UU No. 20 of 2001 and Perma No. 5 of 2014. Disparity in the decision of the judge in the imposition of criminal money substitutes can occur because the law only regulates the minimum and maximum limits without details of the type and severity of punishment, the absence of sentencing guidelines for judges, as well as differences in the flow of law adopted in passing the verdict.