bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolución de la conceptualización de la autorregulación en Orientación Educativa: una revisión sistemática de literatura
Authors: Salas Guadiana Emilio Alberto , Gallardo Córdova Katherina Edith
Published: September 2022

Se presenta un estudio desde el enfoque metodológico de Revisión Sistemática de Literatura, cuyo objetivo fue comprender cómo en la última década, la producción científica en el tema de autorregulación del aprendizaje en el campo educativo ha visto diversificado sus eslabones temáticos. Al respecto, se consultaron las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science y ProQuest entre 1975-2020. La Revisión Sistemática de Literatura comprendió dos partes. En la primera, se identificó el estado del arte circunscrito a 133 artículos científicos, de los cuales 100 son de acceso abierto. En la segunda, se buscó responder a ciertas preguntas sobre tendencias y temáticas actuales. Se seleccionaron 28 artículos de la primera parte del estudio que cumplieran con los criterios de acceso abierto y tener más de cinco citas a la fecha del estudio. Estos 28 artículos se sometieron a un estudio más detallado. Los hallazgos permiten afirmar que la cantidad de publicaciones ha aumentado considerablemente en las últimas dos décadas, tanto en la educación obligatoria, como en la universitaria. Además, las tendencias de estudio en autorregulación se orientan hacia la educación a distancia, la exploración de variables cognitivo-motivacionales involucradas, experiencias en educación física, y orientación educativa de padres, madres y el profesorado. Por último, para la próxima década, se espera que la intervención psicopedagógica siga contribuyendo al fortalecimiento de elementos cognitivo-motivacionales en nuevos espacios como los ambientes virtuales y nuevas disciplinas como la nutrición y educación física.
Percepciones del alumnado de secundaria sobre su bienestar escolar
Authors: Rebollo-Quintela Nuria , Mendiri Paula , Losada-Puente Luisa , Fernández-Blanco Andrea
Published: September 2022

La percepción y la evaluación subjetiva de los/las adolescentes sobre su experiencia escolar, a nivel cognitivo y afectivo, incluye valoraciones acerca de sus relaciones significativas con personas cercanas y de las condiciones del entorno. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación fue indagar sobre la forma en que el alumnado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria describe su bienestar escolar en relación con la familia, el profesorado, el grupo de iguales y las condiciones de los centros educativos. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, a través del método fenomenológico, aplicando un cuestionario abierto diseñado ad hoc, a 510 alumnos/as. La información se codificó y analizó a través de la herramienta MaxQDA Pro-2020. Los resultados evidenciaron que el bienestar escolar del alumnado está estrechamente ligado al apoyo e implicación familiar en las cuestiones escolares y personales, a la figura de un/a docente cercano/a y empático/a, a actitudes de sus compañeros/as caracterizadas por el respeto y a unas condiciones escolares favorables en términos de infraestructuras, servicios y normativa escolar. Además, reclamaron una mayor autonomía y participación en la toma de decisiones. En definitiva, es clave escuchar las preocupaciones y experiencias del alumnado ya que permite diseñar líneas de actuación a incorporar en los planes del centro, que tengan en cuenta las sugerencias del propio alumnado para la configuración de espacios educativos que generen bienestar.
SOCIAL PERCEPTION OF MINING: A METHOD STUDY
Authors: MORA  PERIS PEDRO , RUIZ MARTIN ANTONIO , SUAREZ RODRIGUEZ MARIA , LLAMAS MOYA BERNARDO
Published: September 2022

The success of mining projects depends to a large extent on the support of local communities due to the conditions they can generate for the development of the regions. This support has been referred to as social licence to operate, a concept that relates not only to social development projects for communities, but primarily promotes the establishment of legitimacy, trust and credibility, prior to the start of the first project development. The present research work aims to develop a model to assess whether the impact of mining activity has been positive or negative in the areas where it has been implemented, what mining has done good and bad in the areas where it has been implemented, and what the image of subsoil uses in mining areas is.
The application of the methodology developed focuses on Sierra Morena, in Cordoba, being able to extrapolate the analysis due to the observed correlations of the influence of mining in various sectors such as the environment, industry, agriculture, among others.
The frequency analysis and the multivariate analysis carried out show that agriculture and the environment still have a negative relationship with mining activity. However, the service sector shows positive responses among all the groups questioned, in an attempt to shape the image of mining. Great opportunities may be offered due to their reactivation for energy purposes or CO2 storage.
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF STRUCTURAL DAMAGE DETECTION METHODS BASED ON FREQUENCY RESPONSE FUNCTION AND POWER SPECTRAL DENSITY
Authors: Hadizadeh Bazaz Mehrdad , Navarro Martínez Ignacio Javier , YEPES PIQUERAS VICTOR
Published: September 2022

Recent catastrophic events have aroused great interest in the scientific community regarding the evaluation and prediction of the structural response along the life cycle of infrastructures. Efforts are put into developing adequate health monitoring systems to help prevent future human life and economic losses. Here, two non-destructive damage detection methods are presented: the Frequency Response Function-based and the Spectral Density Function-based methods. The damage detection performance of both methods is compared through a particular case study, where different damage scenarios are analyzed in a 2D truss bridge. The reliability of each method is studied in terms of different prediction errors. Numerical results show that the PSD method for damage detection on a steel truss bridge structure provides more accurate and robust results when compared to that based on FRF.
Keywords: Structural Health Monitoring, Power Spectral Density Function, Frequency Response Function, Construction, Structures, Damage detection, Non-destructive
High precision time transfer based on laser wavelength tracking
Authors: Chen Fa-Xi , Zhao Kan , Li Li-Bo , Guo Bao-Long ,   Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China,   Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan 250101, China
Published: September 2022

In a high-precision optical fiber time transfer system, in order to solve the scientific problem of time transfer dispersion deviation caused by the inconsistency of the two-way laser wavelengths, a high-precision time transfer method based on laser wavelength tracking is proposed in this paper. In the two-way time comparison, the laser emitted by the local site is used as a reference, and other lasers in the system track the reference, and the difference between the two-way laser wavelengths is small enough and stable for a long time, thereby greatly reducing the time transfer deviation caused by the inconsistency of the two-way laser wavelengths. In order to verify the performance of laser wavelength tracking, a double-layer temperature controlled externally modulated laser is designed, an experimental device for automatic laser wavelength tracking is designed, and laser wavelength tracking experimental modules are developed. The results show that the standard deviation of wavelength jitter is 55 fm, and the long-term relative stability of laser wavelength tracking is better than 5 fm@1×104 s, which ensures that the two laser wavelengths can remain relatively stable for a long time. In the case of long-distance fiber time transfer, by optimizing the setting value of the wavelength difference between each laser and the reference light on the link, the dispersion deviation of time transfer can be further reduced. In order to verify the feasibility of the high-precision optical fiber time transfer method based on laser wavelength tracking, a long-distance multi-station optical fiber time transfer experimental setup is built in our laboratory. The experiment is carried out in the laboratory by using 0.005, 250, 500, 750 km optical fiber links. The experimental results obtained on 750 km link show that the time transfer deviation is better than 5 ps, the stability is 4.7 ps@1 s, 0.4 ps@4×104 s, and the uncertainty is 8.4 ps. In the engineering application of optical fiber time transfer, by optimizing the working sequence of the system, the holding time length of the remote site clock can be reduced, and the accuracy of optical fiber time transfer can be further improved, which lays a foundation for realizing high-precision long-haul optical fiber time transfer.
Sentiment analysis techniques, challenges, and opportunities: Urdu language-based analytical study
Authors: Liaqat Muhammad Irzam , Awais Hassan Muhammad , Shoaib Muhammad , Khurshid Syed Khaldoon , Shamseldin Mohamed A.
Published: September 2022

Sentiment analysis in research involves the processing and analysis of sentiments from textual data. The sentiment analysis for high resource languages such as English and French has been carried out effectively in the past. However, its applications are comparatively few for resource-poor languages due to a lack of textual resources. This systematic literature explores different aspects of Urdu-based sentiment analysis, a classic case of poor resource language. While Urdu is a South Asian language understood by one hundred and sixty-nine million people across the planet. There are various shortcomings in the literature, including limitation of large corpora, language parsers, and lack of pre-trained machine learning models that result in poor performance. This article has analyzed and evaluated studies addressing machine learning-based Urdu sentiment analysis. After searching and filtering, forty articles have been inspected. Research objectives have been proposed that lead to research questions. Our searches were organized in digital repositories after selecting and screening relevant studies. Data was extracted from these studies. Our work on the existing literature reflects that sentiment classification performance can be improved by overcoming the challenges such as word sense disambiguation and massive datasets. Furthermore, Urdu-based language constructs, including language parsers and emoticons, context-level sentiment analysis techniques, pre-processing methods, and lexical resources, can also be improved.
CPUE standardization for southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) in the Korean tuna longline fishery, accounting for spatiotemporal variation in targeting through data exploration and clustering
Authors: Hoyle Simon D. , Lee Sung Il , Kim Doo Nam
Published: September 2022

Accounting for spatial and temporal variation in targeting is a concern in many catch per unit effort (CPUE) standardization exercises. In this study we standardized southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii, SBT) CPUE from the Korean tuna longline fishery (1996–2018) using generalized linear models (GLMs) with operational set by set data. Data were first explored to investigate the operational characteristics of Korean tuna longline vessels fishing for SBT, such as the spatial and temporal distributions of effort, and changes in the nominal catch rates among major species and species composition. Then we estimated SBT CPUE by area used for the stock assessment in the CCSBT (Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna) and identified two separate areas in which Korean tuna longline vessels have targeted SBT and albacore tuna (T. alalunga), with targeting patterns varying spatially, seasonally and longer term. We applied two approaches, data selection and cluster analysis of species composition, and compared their ability to address concerns about the changing patterns of targeting through time. Explanatory variables for the GLM analyses were year, month, vessel identifier, fishing location (5° cell), number of hooks, moon phase, and cluster. GLM results for each area suggested that location, year, targeting, and month effects were the principal factors affecting the nominal CPUE. The standardized CPUEs for both areas decreased until the mid-2000s and have shown an increasing trend since that time.
Concept Analysis of Nurses’ Job Crafting
Authors: Han Sujeong , Jeong Eunha
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze and clarify the concept of job crafting in nursing. Methods: Using the concept analysis framework of Walker & Avant (2014). 190 articles about job crafting were selected for this study. Results: Job crafting is defined as a series of activities where individuals self-directedly reorganize their jobs according to their capabilities. The attributes of job crafting include job understanding, a positive attitude towards trying, self-directed response, and physical change or giving meaning. The antecedents of job crafting include personality (openness to experience, positive psychological capital, motivation), job-related factors(skill variety, task significance, task identity), and organizational factors (empowering leadership). The consequences of job crafting are organizational commitment, work engagement, job satisfaction, and well-being. Conclusion: The results of this study are meaningful as they explore the concept and attributes of job crafting in the area of nursing. Furthermore, based on the results of this study, the development of standardized tools for measuring nurse-perceived job crafting and educational programs for enhancing job crafting is recommended.
The Influence of Speaking Up Climate, Psychological Safety, Organizational Learning Culture, and Supervisor Support for Patient Safety on Clinical Nurses’ Silence Behavior
Authors: Ji Hyunju , Lee Seung Eun
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the effects of speaking up climate, psychological safety, organizational learning culture, and supervisor support for patient safety on clinical nurses’ silence behavior. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 189 nurses working at a tertiary hospital. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression. Results: The average score of nurses’ silence behavior was 2.23±0.62 out of 5 points. The strongest factor influencing nurses’ silence behavior was speaking up climate (β=-.33, p<.001), followed by psychological safety (β=-.20, p=.013), and organizational learning culture (β=-.15, p=.040). The regression model explained approximately 38% of the overall variance in the nurses’ silence behavior. Conclusion: This study found that the speaking up climate was the most important predictor of nurses’ silence behavior. Thus, we suggest that hospital administrators and nurse managers should encourage nurses to speak up by having regular meetings among healthcare professionals to enhance the psychological safety of nurses. In addition, to reduce nurses’ silence behavior, it is essential to create a culture wherein all members of the organization can constantly learn from mistakes or errors, which will, in turn, make it possible to improve patient safety at the system level.
Comparative Assessment of WBC Scattergram, Histogram and Platelet Indices in COVID-19 and Non COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: . Nikhil , Das Subhashish , Kalyani Raju
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an extremely transmissible infectious disease. Detection of coronavirus by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) requires expert skills and moreover, it is not widely available in all the laboratories. Aim: To evaluate Red Blood Cell (RBC), platelet histogram and White Blood Cell (WBC) scattergram graphic patterns and interpretation of corresponding parameters along with peripheral smear in 500 COVID-19 RT-PCR positive study cases (COVID-19) and to compare them with normal study controls (non COVID-19). Materials and Methods: This was a laboratory-based observational study, conducted at a fully accredited National Accreditation Board for testing and calibration Laboratories’s (NABL) Central Diagnostic Research Laboratory, RL Jalapa Hospital Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India from September 2020 to April 2021. RBC, platelet histogram, WBC scattergram graphic patterns with corresponding parameters were noted in RT-PCR COVID-19 positive patients and compared with controls using (Automated Haematology Analyser XN11500). Cases were further subcategorised into moderate and severe categories. For statistical analysis, Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, Independent t test was used for assessing qualitative and quantitative data respectively. Mean and standard deviation were depicted in box plots. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used for predicting severity. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among 500 subjects, males were 359 and females 141 with the mean age 50.5 years. Present study showed a characteristic finding of “sandglass” effect in WBC scattergram which is described as discontinuous cluster of plasmacytoid lymphocytes. RBC histogram and parameters did not show any significant changes. In severe COVID-19 cases among WBC parameters most common finding was neutrophilia. Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), Platelet Monocyte Ratio (PMR), Platelet Neutrophil Ratio (PNR) were statistically significant in severe COVID-19 cases (p-value <0.001) corresponding ROC curve for WBC and platelet showed WBC count and PLR as the significant parameter in severe COVID-19 positive cases. Conclusion: Current study reported a specific and unique sandglass effect in WBC scattergram in severe COVID-19 subjects which can help the physicians for predicting the severity of disease and to prevent further progression of disease.
Achievement of Target Yield by Using Required Quantitative Fertilizers in Rice Crop Cultivation by Using Optimum Solutions
Authors: Dash Jyotirmayee , Kuila Mamata
Published: September 2022

Studies of soil-based tests pertaining to different crops in Vindhyan alluvial plains from 2001 to 2004 show effect of production on specific rice crop by IR-36 testing leveraging on soil stoichiometric testing and recommended balanced fertilizers and organic matter amelioration by application for the niche area of impact to targeted yield of rice crop. Findings reinforce that soil micro-flora and micro-organisms accelerate aeration, porosity, drainage and optimum crumby structures, resulting in nascent fertility and support to crop plant for profuse and vigorous growth through optimum soil texture under different agro-climatological divisions in specificity. Primary and secondary data are tabulated after administration of research questionnaire, structure, queue, flow and research objectives, first hand data fulfilment through field notes and experimental block designs under study in rice-based ecosystem of control and treatment blocks. The study of nutrients requirement for specific accelerated productivity of rice crop by applying control and treatment with particular fertilisers which is structured in the mathematical model of [CF (%)] and [CS (%)] gradient. Further data in relation to studies of nutrient dose recommended model development through incursion into stoichiometric trends, analysis, models, algorithms, principles, procedures and quantisation. Regression based studies support the experimental design blocks. Studies by experimental design of blocks replication and finding of experimentations led to outcome of best efficacy and efficient recommended fertiliser dose to enrich, replenish the gap of inadequate fertilizers to the paddy crop to meet our targeted yield of paddy crops. Analytical trends and comparison experimentation sheet led to the effort for how much fertilizer is actually required for crop growth by applying mathematical quantization and qualitative. Under experimental controls and originality of this innovative findings, this research supports systems approach for simplicity, spirituality and sustainability.
Assessment of “The Serious Learner” Outdoor Concrete Statue in TTU, Ghana: A Restoration Process (Before and After)
Authors: Ankrah Owusu-Ansah , Boakye-Yiadom Fredrick , Donkor Evans Kwadwo
Published: September 2022

This paper assesses the restoration process (before and after) of "The Serious Learner”, an  outdoor concrete statue found at the forecourt of Oduro block, Takoradi Technical University (TTU)-Ghana. Direct observations and unstructured interviews under the qualitative research method were employed to elicit data from respondents such as art lecturers and students of the Sculpture Department, TTU. Data were analyzed using archival studies, descriptive and visual analysis tools with a studio-based process. The study revealed that "The Serious Learner" outdoor concrete statue formed an integral element of landscaping at the Oduro block, TTU. However, significant features such as the pedestal, body parts, lighting system and finishes of the outdoor statue have deteriorated due to weathering and had received no restoration since its erection. Repairs and management of artefacts in public space, not only in TTU, should be performed every two years to ensure their longevity and posterity as conservation and restoration method is significant in outdoor sculptures.
Design and Development of Pull Type Battery Operated Multi-crop Planter for Woman Farmers in Tribal Region of Gujarat
Authors: K. Chavda S. , Swarnkar R. , Chauhan V. J.
Published: September 2022

In tribal region of Gujarat women are the integral part of the farming system. They transform mostly all kinds of work. Manual seed sowing consumes much energy as well as time. For maintaining uniformity in planting seed to seed distance should be accurate. Most existing manual seed sowing devices don’t have this facility. To provide a better option, a multi-crop planter was developed with electric metering at College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Godhra for woman farmer in tribal region of Gujarat. Multi-crop planter consists of main frame, handle, furrow opener, seed tube, marker, metering mechanism, DC battery (12V), DC motor, DC speed regulator, switch and DC charger. The payback period of developed machine was found as 53.42 hours on hour basis and 6 ha on hectare basis. The benefit cost ratio of the developed multi-crop planter was found as 14.97 over a period of 10 years of the life of the multi-crop planter.
Thickness Dependent Ultrafast Charge Transfer in BP/MoS2 Heterostructure
Authors: Yin Yanyu , Zhao Xingju , Ren Xiaoyan , Liu Kun , Zhao Jin , Zhang Lili , Li Shunfang
Published: September 2022

Constructing high‐performance‐2D heterostructures and deciphering the underlying microscopic mechanism of carrier dynamics are crucial in optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications. Here, taking black phosphorus (BP)/MoS2 heterostructure with type‐II band alignment as a prototypical example, the ab initio nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that the interlayer carrier dynamics are thickness dependent. Specifically, the electron transfer from a monolayer (1L)‐BP to MoS2 occurs quickly within 54 fs. In contrast, hole transfer can only be observed within 1 ps with BP's layer number N ≥ 2, triggered by the excitation of low‐frequency acoustic phonon and interlayer shear and breathing phonon modes within 100 cm–1 that enhances the interlayer coupling. Particularly, the electron and hole transfer time exhibits respectively linear and exponential dependence on the layer number N of BP component. The present findings shed new light on improving the process of ultrafast carrier dynamics of 2D heterostructures for photoconversion.
A Liquid–Solid Contact Electrification Based All‐Optical Liquid Flow Sensor for Microfluidic Analysis in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Su Li , Xiong Quan , Zhu Yuyan , Zi Yunlong
Published: September 2022

Liquid flow sensor is an important component of the microfluidic system for analytical science and biomedical systems. However, traditional microfluidic systems are complex in structure, costly, bulky, and generate environmental pollutants. Herein, a novel and high‐performance self‐powered all‐optical liquid flow sensor (ALFS) based on triboelectrification‐induced electroluminescence (TIEL) is proposed. The TIEL signal is self‐generated in real time through contact electrification between a polymer–fluid–air surface and moving fluid. Moreover, the amplitude and time span of the electric field can be swiftly altered by adjusting the bottom grid electrode layer with an appropriate geometric design, so that a high sensitivity of 0.089 s mm–1 and an extremely low flow velocity limit of 1 mm s–1 can be achieved. The velocity, volume, and composition of the liquid flow can be obtained either by observation or through optical information extraction from data analysis software. Furthermore, the ALFS can be incorporated into an infusion monitor and a microfluidic chip for biomedical applications. This study proposes not only an innovative method for liquid flow monitoring but also a new rationale of coupling triboelectrification into the microfluidic system design, which potentially has a wide range of applications in the medical, biological, and industrial fields.
Immunomodulatory‐Photodynamic Nanostimulators for Invoking Pyroptosis to Augment Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Qiu Wei , Su Wen , Xu Jiming , Liang Mengyun , Ma Xianbin , Xue Peng , Kang Yuejun , Sun Zhi‐Jun , Xu Zhigang
Published: September 2022

Cancer immunotherapy is restricted to immune resistance caused by immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Pyroptosis involved in antitumor immunotherapy as a new schedule is prospective to reverse immunosuppression. Herein, acidic tumor microenvironment (TME)‐evoked MRC nanoparticles (MRC NPs) co‐delivering immune agonist RGX‐104 and photosensitizer chlorine e6 (Ce6) are reported for pyroptosis‐mediated immunotherapy. RGX‐104 remodels TME by transcriptional activation of ApoE to regress myeloid‐derived suppressor cells' (MDSCs) activity, which neatly creates foreshadowing for intensifying pyroptosis. Considering Ce6‐triggered photodynamic therapy (PDT) can strengthen oxidative stress and organelles destruction to increase immunogenicity, immunomodulatory‐photodynamic MRC nanodrugs will implement an aforementioned two‐pronged strategy to enhance gasdermin E (GSDME)‐dependent pyroptosis. RNA‐seq analysis of MRC at the cellular level is introduced to first elucidate the intimate relationship between RGX‐104 acting on LXR/ApoE axis and pyroptosis, where RGX‐104 provides the prerequisite for pyroptosis participating in antitumor therapy. Briefly, MRC with favorable biocompatibility tackles the obstacle of hydrophobic drugs delivery, and becomes a powerful pyroptosis inducer to reinforce immune efficacy. MRC‐elicited pyroptosis in combination with anti‐PD‐1 blockade therapy boosts immune response in solid tumors, successfully arresting invasive metastasis and extending survival based on remarkable antitumor immunity. MRC may initiate a new window for immuno‐photo pyroptosis stimulators augmenting pyroptosis‐based immunotherapy.
A Polymeric Strategy Empowering Vascular Cell Selectivity and Potential Application Superior to Extracellular Matrix Peptides
Authors: Zhou Ruiyi , Wu Yueming , Chen Kang , Zhang Deteng , Chen Qi , Zhang Donghui , She Yunrui , Zhang Wenjing , Liu Longqiang , Zhu Yueqi , Gao Changyou , Liu Runhui
Published: September 2022

Endothelialization of vascular implants plays a vital role in maintaining the long‐term vascular patency. In situ endothelialization and re‐endothelialization is generally achieved by selectively promoting endothelial cell (EC) adhesion and, meanwhile, suppressing smooth muscle cell (SMC) adhesion. Currently, such EC versus SMC selectivity is achieved and extensively used in vascular‐related biomaterials utilizing extracellular‐matrix‐derived EC‐selective peptides, dominantly REDV and YIGSR. Nevertheless, the application of EC‐selective peptides is limited due to their easy proteolysis, time‐consuming synthesis, and expensiveness. To address these limitations, a polymeric strategy in designing and finding EC‐selective biomaterials using amphiphilic β‐peptide polymers by tuning serum protein adsorption is reported. The optimal β‐peptide polymer displays EC versus SMC selectivity even superior to EC‐selective REDV peptide regarding cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration of ECs versus SMCs. Study of the mechanism indicates that surface adsorption of bovine serum albumin, an abundant and anti‐adhesive serum protein, plays a critical role in the ECs versus SMCs selectivity of β‐peptide polymer. In addition, surface modification of the optimal β‐peptide polymer effectively promotes the endothelialization of vascular implants and inhibits intimal hyperplasia. This study provides an alternative strategy in designing and finding EC‐selective biomaterials, implying great potential in the vascular‐related biomaterial study and application.
Polar Species for Effective Dielectric Regulation to Achieve High‐Performance CsPbI3 Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Jingru , Che Bo , Zhao Wangen , Fang Yuankun , Han Ruijie , Yang Yan , Liu Jiali , Yang Tengteng , Chen Tao , Yuan Ningyi , Ding Jianning , Liu Shengzhong (Frank)
Published: September 2022

Nonradiative losses caused by defects are the main obstacles to further advancing the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). There is focused research to boost the device performance by reducing the number of defects and deactivating defects; however, little attention is paid to the defect‐capture capacity. Here, upon systematically examining the defect‐capture capacity, highly polarized fluorinated species are designed to modulate the dielectric properties of the perovskite material to minimize its defect‐capture radius. On the one hand, fluorinated polar species strengthen the defect dielectric‐screening effect via enhancing the dielectric constant of the perovskite film, thus reducing the defect‐capture radius. On the other, the fluorinated iodized salt replenishes the I‐vacancy defects at the surface, hence lowering the defect density. Consequently, the power‐conversion efficiency of an all‐inorganic CsPbI3 PSC is increased to as high as 20.5% with an open‐circuit voltage of 1.2 V and a fill factor of 82.87%, all of which are among the highest in their respective categories. Furthermore, the fluorinated species modification also produces a hydrophobic umbrella yielding significantly improved humidity tolerance, and hence long‐term stability. The present strategy provides a general approach to effectually regulate the defect‐capture radius, thus enhancing the optoelectronic performance.
Photonic Jets and Single‐Photon Emitters
Authors: Ristori Andrea , Felici Marco , Pettinari Giorgio , Pattelli Lorenzo , Biccari Francesco
Published: September 2022

Photonic jets (PJs) obtained by illuminating a dielectric microsphere have recently shown to provide an efficient and cost‐effective means of laser‐writing and localizing single‐photon emitters with sub‐diffraction precision. The fabrication technique relies on the photoinduced formation of GaAsN quantum dots (QDs) that are self‐aligned to the microsphere, which in turn enhances the collection efficiency of their emission. Similarly, the angular magnification introduced by a microsphere placed on top of two close emitters allows to detect and resolve their separation below the diffraction limit by analyzing their angular emission pattern in momentum space. Along with a brief review of the two methods, a systematic numerical study on the formation and properties of PJs to streamline the optimization of the fabrication process is presented.
Extraordinarily Transparent Metaldielectrics for Infrared and Terahertz Applications
Authors: Xiao Xiaofei , Turino Mariacristina , Becerril-Castro I. Brian , Maier Stefan A. , Alvarez-Puebla Ramon A. , Giannini Vincenzo
Published: September 2022

Metamaterials are extremely important in advanced technologies, but usually, they rely on the resonant behavior of their constituent blocks. This strongly limits the application of metamaterials to particular frequency band ranges. However, metamaterials with broadband behaviors are highly desirable and are essential for many applications. Herein, recently discovered metamaterials that are composed of densely packed metallic nanoparticles but behave as effective dielectrics are explored. Such metamaterials are extremely transparent for all wavelengths within or exceeding the near infrared and their performance is constant across an ultra‐broadband range of frequencies, which is vital to many devices that operate across the same frequency range. The ability to tune the refractive index of these metamaterials to unnaturally high values while maintaining transparency opens new avenues, such as creating flat, thin metalenses in the terahertz region where only bulk lenses are currently available. To highlight those features, several new possible infrared and terahertz applications of these metamaterials which push the boundary of existing technology in THz photonics are shown.
Decarbonization of Polluted Air by Solar‐Driven CO2 Conversion into Ethanol Using Polarized Animal Solid Waste as Catalyst
Authors: Arnau Marc , Sans Jordi , Turon Pau , Alemán Carlos
Published: September 2022

CO2 conversion to added value products using green processes in terms of source of energy, energy consumption, and/or management of raw materials obtained from waste materials are very attractive approaches for a modern sustainable society. In this work, such approaches are integrated, converting CO2 into ethanol by using polluted air as feeding gas. More specifically, recycled permanently polarized hydroxyapatite catalysts are prepared by applying a thermally stimulated polarization process to pork, beef, and chicken scrapped bones. The recycled bone catalysts are used to perform a series of reactions fed with polluted air and only powered with solar energy using a solar furnace. Reactions are conducted for 5 days and 1 month. Results demonstrate significant decarbonization, converting CO2 into valuable chemical products with high selectivity toward ethanol (up to 99.6%).
Triple‐Phase Interface Engineered Hierarchical Porous Electrode for CO2 Electroreduction to Formate
Authors: Shi Tong , Liu Dong , Liu Ning , Zhang Ying , Feng Hao , Li Qiang
Published: September 2022

The aqueous electrochemical CO2 reduction to valuable products is seen as one of the most promising candidates to achieve carbon neutrality yet still suffers from poor selectivity and lower current density. Highly efficient CO2 reduction significantly relies on well‐constructed electrode to realize efficient and stable triple‐phase contact of CO2, electrolyte, and active sites. Herein, a triple‐phase interface engineering approach featuring the combination of hierarchical porous morphology design and surface modification is presented. A hierarchical porous electrode is constructed by depositing bismuth nanosheet array on copper foam followed by trimethoxy (1H,1H,2H,2H‐heptadecafluorodecyl) silane modification on the nanosheet surface. This electrode not only achieves highly selective and efficient CO2 reduction performance with formate selectivity above 90% over wide potentials and a partial current density over −90 mA cm−2 in H‐cell but also maintains a superior stability during the long‐term operation. It is demonstrated that this remarkable performance is attributed to the construction of efficient and stable triple‐phase interface. Theoretical calculations also show that the modified surface optimizes the activation path by lowering thermodynamic barriers of the key intermediates *OCHO for the formation of formate during electrochemical CO2 reduction.
Recent Advances in Engineered Ru‐Based Electrocatalysts for the Hydrogen/Oxygen Conversion Reactions
Authors: Cao Xianjun , Huo Juanjuan , Li Lu , Qu Junpeng , Zhao Yufei , Chen Weihua , Liu Chuntai , Liu Hao , Wang Guoxiu
Published: September 2022

The application of renewable energy conversion devices is considered as one of the effective ways to alleviate the energy shortage and environmental pollution. Designing electrocatalysts with excellent performance and affordable price is promising to accelerate the reaction process and large‐scale application. At present, ruthenium (Ru)‐based nanomaterials have shown similar catalytic activity but superior price demand compared to commercial Pt/C. This undoubtedly makes Ru‐based nanomaterials a perfect candidate to replace advanced Pt catalysts. Significant progress is made in the rational design of Ru‐based electrocatalysts, but an in‐depth understanding of the engineering strategies and induced effects is still at an early stage. This review summarizes the modification strategies for enhancing the catalytic activity of Ru, including surface structure, metal element, nonmetal element, size, bimetallic oxides, and heterostructure engineering strategies. Then the induced electronic modulation effects generated by the intramolecular and intermolecular of the Ru‐based nanomaterials are elucidated. Further, the application progress of engineered Ru‐based nanomaterials for hydrogen and oxygen conversion reactions is highlighted, and the correlations of engineering strategies, catalytic activity, and reaction pathways are elaborated. Finally, challenges and prospects are presented for the future development and practical application of Ru‐based nanomaterials.
Transverse Myelitis Following SARS‐CoV‐2 Vaccination: A Pharmacoepidemiological Study in the World Health Organization's Database
Authors: Nguyen Sophie , Bastien Etienne , Chretien Basile , Sassier Marion , Defer Gilles , Nehme Ahmad , Lelong‐Boulouard Véronique , Alexandre Joachim , Fedrizzi Sophie , Morice Pierre‐Marie
Published: September 2022

Background

Transverse myelitis (TM) has recently been associated by health authorities with Ad26.COV2.S (Janssen/Johnson & Johnson), one of the 5 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or European Medicines Agency (EMA) labeled severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccines. It is unknown whether a similar association exists for the other FDA or EMA labeled SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines (BNT162b2 [Pfizer/BioNTech], mRNA‐1273 [Moderna], ChAdOx1nCov‐19 [Oxford–AstraZeneca], and NVX‐CoV2373 [Novavax]). This study aimed to evaluate the association between SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine class and TM.

Methods

This observational, cross‐sectional, pharmacovigilance cohort study examined individual case safety reports from VigiBase, the World Health Organization's pharmacovigilance database. We first conducted a disproportionality analysis with the information component (IC) using the reports of TM that occurred within 28 days following exposure to the FDA or EMA labeled SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines, from December 1, 2020 (first adverse event related to a SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine) to March 27, 2022. Second, we analyzed the clinical features of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine‐associated TM cases reported in VigiBase.

Results

TM was significantly associated both with the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)‐based (n = 364; IC025 = 0.62) and vector‐based (n = 136; IC025 = 0.52) SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines that are authorized by the FDA or the EMA.

Conclusions

Findings from this observational, cross‐sectional pharmacovigilance study showed that mRNA‐based and vector‐based FDA/EMA labeled SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines can be associated with TM. However, because TM remains a rare event, with a previously reported rate of 0.28 cases per 1 million vaccine doses, the risk–benefit ratio in favor of vaccination against SARS‐CoV‐2 virus remains unchallenged. Rather, this study suggests that clinicians should consider the diagnosis of TM in patients presenting with early signs of spinal cord dysfunction after SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:1080–1089
Experimental investigation of the strength characteristics of low‐temperature fouling containing ammonium bisulfate in boilers
Authors: Tang Congwei , Zhang Jiakai , Wang Wenhuan , Sun Xiaoli , Pan Weiguo
Published: September 2022

Low‐temperature fouling is a severe problem in the heat recovery devices of coal‐fired boilers; it is mainly caused by the condensation of ammonium bisulfate (ABS, NH4HSO4) and is usually challenging to remove with soot‐blowing equipment. This study investigates the strength of low‐temperature fouling containing ABS, which is an essential indicator in soot blowing. The ash sample containing ABS with three different mass ratios was heated in a drop tube furnace (DTF) at several selected temperature conditions for different times. The compressive strength of ash blocks after heating was measured, and the energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry (EDX) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to clarify the relationship between ABS content with fouling strength. The results show that the higher content of ABS means higher fouling strength. The fouling strength could decrease by heating the fouling under the flue gas temperature is 350°C or more, and a higher heating temperature could result in lower strength of the fouling. To reduce the strength and maximize the removal of fouling effectively, taking into account the economy, the recommended heating condition is to heat the fouling for 5–20 min at a minimum temperature of 350°C.
Design of bionic tire tread compounds with pit structures and the improvement mechanism of wear and wet grip resistance
Authors: Mao Chunyu , Sun Yanhong , Yang Xiaodong , Lv Shuwei
Published: September 2022

Wear resistance and wet grip resistance are the main properties of tires, but they are often contradictory and difficult to synergize. In this paper, drawing on the bionics concept, the bionic topography of the pits was introduced into the design of the tread rubber structure, and the synergistic improvement mechanism of the tire tread rubber with the bionic pit structures was explored. The overall performance improvement of tread compounds provided a new approach. The research showed that the designed high wear resistance tire tread compounds W2 had the best wear resistance, and the high wet grip resistance tire tread compounds S3 had the best‐wet grip resistance. When the diameter of the bionic unit was 2.5 mm and the pit number was 6, the wear resistance rate of the sample was the highest (about 11.86%), and the wear amount was 70.6; the maximum wet friction coefficient of the sample sliding on the sandpaper surface and the smooth glass surface was 0.834 and 0.71, the corresponding wet grip resistance improvement rates were also 11.89% and 12.34%, respectively. Experiments have proved that the tire tread compounds with the bionic pit structures composed of W2S3 can effectively synergistically improve wet grip resistance and wear resistance.
Does social intolerance vary according to cognitive styles, genetic cognitive capacity, or education?
Authors: Saarinen Aino , Keltikangas‐Järvinen Liisa , Dobewall Henrik , Cloninger C. Robert , Ahola‐Olli Ari , Lehtimäki Terho , Hutri‐Kähönen Nina , Raitakari Olli , Rovio Suvi , Ravaja Niklas
Published: September 2022

Background

Low education, low cognitive abilities, and certain cognitive styles are suggested to predispose to social intolerance and prejudices. Evidence is, however, restricted by comparatively small samples, neglect of confounding variables and genetic factors, and a narrow focus on a single sort of prejudice. We investigated the relationships of education, polygenic cognitive potential, cognitive performance, and cognitive styles with social intolerance in adulthood over a 15‐year follow‐up.

Methods

We used data from the prospective population‐based Young Finns Study (n = 960‒1679). Social intolerance was evaluated with the Social Intolerance Scale in 1997, 2001, and 2011; cognitive performance with the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery in 2011; cognitive styles in 1997; and socioeconomic factors in 1980 (childhood) and 2011 (adulthood); and polygenic cognitive potential was calculated based on genome‐wide association studies.

Results

We found that nonrational thinking, polygenic cognitive potential, cognitive performance, or socioeconomic factors were not related to social intolerance. Regarding cognitive styles, low flexibility (B = –0.759, p < .001), high perseverance (B = 1.245, p < .001), and low persistence (B = –0.329, p < .001) predicted higher social intolerance consistently in the analyses.

Discussion

When developing prejudice‐reduction interventions, it should be considered that educational level or cognitive performance may not be crucial for development of social intolerance. Adopting certain cognitive styles may play more important roles in development of social intolerance.
Füllstand in Flüssiggastanks messen
Authors: Böcekli Erdem
Published: September 2022

Die Radar‐Füllstandsmesstechnik ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil von Messsystemen für Tanks, die Flüssigerdgas (LNG), Autogas (LPG) oder andere Flüssiggase enthalten. Die Möglichkeit, genaue und zuverlässige Messungen des Flüssigkeitsfüllstands in großen und komplexen Tanks mit Sicherheitshülle zu erhalten, ist nicht nur für Zwecke der Bestandsverwaltung und des eichpflichtigen Verkehrs, sondern auch aus Sicherheitsgründen zum Vermeiden von überfüllungen von entscheidender Bedeutung
Damit es läuft wie geschmiert
Authors: Geier Manuel
Published: September 2022

Der Mehrwert von Schmierung zählt zu den häufig unterschätzten Aspekten in der Instandhaltung. Dabei kann mit einem zuverlässigkeitsorientierten Schmierprogramm (Reliability Centered Lubrication) unerwarteten Stillständen und deren kostspieligen Folgen vorgebeugt werden.
Titanium Complexes Bearing NNO‐Tridentate Ligands: Highly Active Olefin Polymerization Catalysts with Great Control on Molecular Weight and Distribution†
Authors: Tian Jiliang , Feng Wenzheng , Liu Shaofeng , Li Zhibo
Published: September 2022

Comprehensive Summary

A series of titanium amido complexes (1‐Ti(NMe2)2 to 4‐Ti(NMe2)2) bearing NNO‐tridentate ligands was synthesized from the reactions of phenoxy‐imine‐amine ligands with one equivalent of Ti(NMe2)4. Subsequently, titanium dichloride complexes (1‐TiCl2 to 4‐TiCl2) were prepared by treatment of titanium amido complexes with excess Me3SiCl in toluene. All metal complexes were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and the molecular structures of complexes of 2‐Ti(NMe2)2, 2‐TiCl2, and 4‐TiCl2 in the solid state were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Upon activation with MAO, titanium dichloride complexes as single‐site catalysts were extremely active toward ethylene homopolymerization with great control on molecular weight and distribution. In particular, 3‐TiCl2/MAO exhibited an activity as high as 1.35 × 108 g(PE)·mol−1(Ti)·h−1 at 70°C and produced polyethylene with high molecular weight (41.7 × 104 g∙mol−1) and very narrow distribution (Đ = 1.23). In the presence of 1‐octene as comonomer, linear low‐density polyethylenes (LLDPEs) with ultrahigh molecular weights (Mw = 136—326 × 104 g∙mol−1) and narrow distributions (Đ = 1.20—1.50) were successfully synthesized.
Universality for the Conjugate Gradient and MINRES Algorithms on Sample Covariance Matrices
Authors: Paquette Elliot , Trogdon Thomas
Published: September 2022

We present a probabilistic analysis of two Krylov subspace methods for solving linear systems. We prove a central limit theorem for norms of the residual vectors that are produced by the conjugate gradient and MINRES algorithms when applied to a wide class of sample covariance matrices satisfying some standard moment conditions. The proof involves establishing a four‐moment theorem for the so‐called spectral measure, implying, in particular, universality for the matrix produced by the Lanczos iteration. The central limit theorem then implies an almost‐deterministic iteration count for the iterative methods in question. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.