bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FIGURE 2 from Sequential Chromogenic IHC: Spatial Analysis of Lymph Nodes Identifies Contact Interactions between Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Plasmablasts
Authors: Claudio Natalie , Nguyen My-Tien , Wanner Adrian , Pucci Ferdinando
Published: July 2023

Cycle-dependent performance of antibodies. Human lymph node histologic slides were stained with CD66b at a dilution of 1:600 for 30 minutes at room temperature at cycle 1 (A) and cycle 9 (B). In addition, human lymph node samples were stained with CD141 at a dilution of 1:100 overnight at 4°C at cycle 2 (C) and at cycle 9 (D). After testing, it was determined that these antibodies cannot be used at later cycles within these specific staining conditions. Subcapsular region is shown in both A and B. Consecutive sections are shown in C and D. Top row scale bar: 100 μm (5X magnification).
Figure S12 from Immunologic Characterization and T cell Receptor Repertoires of Expanded Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lee Moon Hee , Theodoropoulos Jason , Huuhtanen Jani , Bhattacharya Dipabarna , Järvinen Petrus , Tornberg Sara , Nísen Harry , Mirtti Tuomas , Uski Ilona , Kumari Anita , Peltonen Karita , Draghi Arianna , Donia Marco , Kreutzman Anna , Mustjoki Satu
Published: July 2023

Figure S12 shows the validation of RCC-associated TCR motifs in various cohorts.
Figure S11 from Immunologic Characterization and T cell Receptor Repertoires of Expanded Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lee Moon Hee , Theodoropoulos Jason , Huuhtanen Jani , Bhattacharya Dipabarna , Järvinen Petrus , Tornberg Sara , Nísen Harry , Mirtti Tuomas , Uski Ilona , Kumari Anita , Peltonen Karita , Draghi Arianna , Donia Marco , Kreutzman Anna , Mustjoki Satu
Published: July 2023

Figure S11 shows treemaps of various clonotypes found in the patient samples and the matches to viral-specific TCRs.
Data from Sequential Chromogenic IHC: Spatial Analysis of Lymph Nodes Identifies Contact Interactions between Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Plasmablasts
Authors: Claudio Natalie , Nguyen My-Tien , Wanner Adrian , Pucci Ferdinando
Published: July 2023

Recent clinical observations have emphasized the critical role that the spatial organization of immune cells in lymphoid structures plays in the success of cancer immunotherapy and patient survival. However, implementing sequential chromogenic IHC (scIHC) to analyze multiple biomarkers on a single tissue section has been limited because of a lack of a standardized, rigorous guide to the development of customized biomarker panels and a need for user-friendly analysis pipelines that can extract meaningful data. In this context, we provide a comprehensive guide for the development of novel biomarker panels for scIHC, using practical examples and illustrations to highlight the most common complications that can arise during the setup of a new biomarker panel, and provide detailed instructions on how to prevent and detect cross-reactivity between secondary reagents and carryover between detection antibodies. We also developed a novel analysis pipeline based on non-rigid tissue deformation correction, Cellpose-inspired automated cell segmentation, and computational network masking of low-quality data. We applied this biomarker panel and pipeline to study regional lymph nodes from patients with head and neck cancer, identifying novel contact interactions between plasmablasts and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in vivo. Given that Toll-like receptors, which are highly expressed in plasmacytoid dendritic cells, play a key role in vaccine efficacy, the significance of this cell–cell interaction decisively warrants further studies. In summary, this work provides a streamlined approach to the development of customized biomarker panels for scIHC that will ultimately improve our understanding of immune responses in cancer.
Significance:
We present a comprehensive guide for developing customized biomarker panels to investigate cell–cell interactions in the context of immune responses in cancer. This approach revealed novel contact interactions between plasmablasts and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in lymph nodes from patients with head and neck cancer.
Neuromodulation of Executive Dysfunction in Patients with Acute Stroke Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Study Protocol for a Triple-Blind, Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial
Authors: Amaya-Pascasio Laura , García-Pinteño José , Sánchez-Kuhn Ana , Uceda Sánchez Cristina , Fernández-Martín Pilar , León Domene José Juan , Rodríguez-Herrera Rocio , Flores Pilar , Martínez-Sánchez Patricia
Published: July 2023

Research on the benefits of non-invasive brain stimulation in stroke patients to improve executive functions is scarce. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in combination with cognitive training for the rehabilitation of executive functions in acute and subacute stroke patients as well as to explore the underlying physiological mechanisms. A triple-blinded, randomized-controlled clinical trial will be conducted involving 60 stroke patients with frontal or basal ganglia lesions and a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score less than 26. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive active tDCS (anode over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cathode at the right supraorbital region, 20 min at 2 mA) or sham tDCS in a 1:1 ratio for 10 sessions, followed by targeted executive function training. The primary efficacy outcome will be the MoCA score, while secondary outcomes will include the five-digit test (inhibitory control), the Digit Span Task (working memory), the abbreviated version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting test (cognitive flexibility), modified Rankin scale (functional state), Beck-II depression inventory, apathy evaluation scale, and the WHOQOL-BREF (quality of life), assessed immediately after the intervention and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-intervention. Additionally, resting-state functional connectivity and blood biomarkers, such as neurotrophins, growth factors, and inflammatory molecules, will be evaluated before and after the intervention. This study will contribute to the investigation of the efficacy of tDCS in rehabilitating executive functions in acute and subacute stroke patients. The multidimensional approach utilized in this study, which includes analysis of resting-state connectivity and neuroplasticity-related blood biomarkers, is expected to provide insights into the underlying brain mechanisms involved in the rehabilitation of dysexecutive syndrome.
The World Is Burning, Urgently and Irreparably – a Plea for Interim Protection against Climatic Change at the ICJ
Authors: Nedeski Nataša , Sparks Tom , Hernández Gleider
Published: July 2023

As climate negotiations fail to deliver the progress that States, activists, and others desire to see in tackling climate change, attention is rapidly turning to potential legal responses. This article investigates the potential of the ICJ’s contentious procedure as a forum for climate-related complaints, and focuses in particular on the provisional measures phase of a case. We consider the potential for a climate-related application for interim protection to meet the test set down by the Court for the issuing of a provisional measures order: prima facie jurisdiction, plausibility, and an urgent risk of irreparable prejudice. We conclude that a carefully constructed climate application could meet these criteria, but that it would be important to foresee and take account of a future application for interim protection from the outset in designing a case.
That Unexpected Margin of Capital
Authors: Hulme Peter
Published: July 2023

For many years, a weapon in the armory of those advocating for Eric Williams’s thesis that the profits from slavery helped finance the Industrial Revolution in Britain has been a speech made by Winston Churchill making that very point. Williams himself referred to the speech in 1942, as did George Padmore in 1953, but neither provided chapter and verse. Subsequently, a whole raft of commentators has followed suit, but always only via a reference to Williams or Padmore. This research note provides the original date and context for Churchill’s words.
The Distributional Impact of Fatigue on Performance
Authors: Bavafa Hessam , Jónasson Jónas Oddur
Published: July 2023

Little is known about how people-centric factors affect the shape of service time distributions despite distributional statistics (variance or quantiles) being key drivers of system performance in many service industries. We investigate the impact of one people-centric factor—worker fatigue—on the average, variance, and quantiles of service times in paramedic operations. Our analysis uses data on the performance of 368,634 paramedic teams in the London Ambulance Service over 10 years. We measure fatigue by the number of prior jobs a paramedic crew has completed during a shift and estimate its impact on the time it takes the crew to respond to incidents and bring patients to hospitals. Using a recentered influence function regression approach with multiple fixed effects, we find that the average time to hospital increases by 5% throughout the course of an average shift. In addition, the workers become less consistent with fatigue; service time variance increases by 39% during a normal shift. Furthermore, we find that in addition to an upward shift in mean service times, both the upper and lower tails of the distribution have more weight for fatigued paramedics. These effects are driven mostly by the performance of paramedics at the scene, rather than their driving to or from the incident. The distributional effects of fatigue are only slightly mitigated by increased experience or reduced system workload. Our work demonstrates that the impact of people-centric factors can be highly nonuniform across the service time distribution.

This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management.

Funding: The authors are grateful for financial research support from the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Supplemental Material: The data files and e-companion are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4855 .
Hubungan antara Kepribadian Big Five dengan Organizational Citizenship Behavior pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Semarang
Authors: Amani Jihan Zata , Mujiasih Endah
Published: July 2023

Organisasi dapat berjalan dengan efektif apabila didukung dengan sumber daya manusia yang baik. Instansi yang bekerja melakukan pelayanan kepada masyarakat harus memberikan kualitas pelayanan prima agar dihasilkan kepuasan dari masyarakat. Suatu cara untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kepada masyarakat yaitu dengan menerapkan organizational citizenship behavior di lingkungan organisasi atau instansi. Adanya kepribadian yang dimiliki oleh individu dapat memprediksi akan munculnya organizational citizenship behavior di tempat kerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara kepribadian big five dengan organizational citizenship behavior pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam peneltian ini adalah sejumlah 94 pegawai dan sampel penelitian yang digunakan adalah 60. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah convenience sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengambilan data adalah Skala Kepribadian Big Five (35 aitem valid dengan α= 0,925) dan Skala Organizational Citizenship Behavior (32 aitem valid dengan α= 0,924). Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji korelasi Spearman’s Rho dihasilkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara kepribadian big five dengan organizational citizenship behavior pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Semarang (rxy= 0,655, p=0,000). Berdasarkan kelima dimensi kepribadian big five, dimensi kepribadian extraversion (rxy= 0,385, p=0,003), agreeableness (rxy= 0,746, p=0,000), conscientiousnesss (rxy= 0,481, p=0,000), dan openness to experience (rxy= 0,355, p=0,006) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan organizational citizenship behavior. Sedangkan pada dimensi neuroticism (rxy= 0,084, p=0,526) tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan organizational citizenship behavior.
“KETIKA BERJAUHAN ADALAH SEBUAH PILIHAN” STUDI FENOMENOLOGI PENGALAMAN ISTRI YANG BERKERJA MENJALANI PERNIKAHAN JARAK JAUH (LONG DISTANCE MARRIAGE)
Authors: Aqil. S Rihab Said
Published: July 2023

Istri yang menjalani pernikahan jarak jauh memikul beban dan tanggung jawab lebih berat dibandingkan istri yang hidup seatap dengan pasangannya. Berbagai tantangan dihadapi istri seperti mengurus pekerjaan rumah, mengasuh anak-anak dan berkerja. Penelitian bertujuan menjelaskan pengalaman istri yang menjalani pernikahan jarak jauh dengan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologi kemudian dianalisis menggunakan interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Pengambilan data dengan wawancara semi terstruktur melibatkan dua orang responden perempuan. Menjalani pernikahan jarak jauh dijalani karena adanya kesepakatan kedua pasangan serta faktor tuntutan kerja. Tantangan yang dialami berupa tekanan dari keluarga, merasa sedih, kesepian hingga kebutuhan biologis yang kurang terpenuhi. Terhadap pengasuhan anak, partisipan seringkali terbebani dan membutuhkan kehadiran suami. Beberapa strategi menghadapi tantangan pernikahan jarak jauh dengan mencari hiburan seperti olahraga, shopping, berkumpul bersama teman hingga menghubungi pasangan, luasnya akses menemukan hiburan tidak luput dari kondisi ekonomi yang mapan dan faktor tempat tinggal di Kota Besar. Kedua partisipan memaknai pernikahan jarak jauh sebagai kehendak dari tuhan, merasa bersyukur karena terhindar dari konflik hingga memaknai kondisi saat ini sebagai cara untuk memupuk cinta dan rindu antar pasangan.
Evaluating syntactic proposals using minimalist grammars and minimum description length
Authors: Ermolaeva Marina
Published: July 2023

Many patterns found in natural language syntax have multiple pos-sible explanations or structural descriptions. Even within the cur-rently dominant Minimalist framework (Chomsky 1995, 2000), it is not uncommon to encounter multiple types of analyses for the same phenomenon proposed in the literature. A natural question, then, is whether one could evaluate and compare syntactic proposals from a quantitative point of view. In this paper, we show how an evaluation measure inspired by the minimum description length principle (Rissa-nen 1978) can be used to compare accounts of syntactic phenomena implemented as minimalist grammars (Stabler 1997), and how argu-ments for and against this kind of analysis translate into quantitative differences.
Quality changes during storage in Thai indigenous leafy vegetable, Liang leaves (Gnetum gnemon var. tenerum) after different preparation methods
Authors: Siripongvutikorn Sunisa , Usawakesmanee Worapong , Pisuchpen Supachai , Khatcharin Nicha , Rujirapong Chanonkarn
Published: July 2023

Liang or Gnetum gnemon var. tenerum, an indigenous southern vegetable has recently attracted increasing interest due to its high nutritional value, creamy taste and lack of smell. The leaves with or without stem are washed with chlorinated water at 100 ppm for 15 min, stored at 4°C and investigated for physiochemical, chemical and sensory evaluations over time. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were higher in treatments with stems (P < 0.05). Washing significantly increased moisture content and water activity (aw) in all treatments (P < 0.05). In addition, washing resulted in significantly higher DPPH and ABTS activity (P < 0.05). However, washing and stem detachment had no effect on sensory and physicochemical qualities. The sensory score of the 8-days stored sample was comparable to the fresh one (Day 0).
Transformative Potential and Utopian Performative: Postdramatic Hamlet in Turkey
Authors: İzmir Sibel
Published: July 2023

Turkey is among those Non-Anglophone countries which have had a keen interest in Shakespeare and his plays for over two hundred years. When it comes to the staging of Shakespeare in Turkey, especially when protagonists or leading roles are considered, “overacting” is one of the most notable techniques highlighting, presumably, the spirit of the Renaissance and Jacobean times. Still, in recent years, there have been some productions which try to challenge and deconstruct the traditional ways of staging a Shakespearean play. One of such productions is Hamlet of Istanbul State Theatre, directed by Işıl Kasapoğlu in 2014, in which the director makes use of postdramatic theatre techniques. As the play begins, the audience sees a huge red jewel box which has been placed onto the centre of the stage. Soon after it is opened, it becomes clear that the character coming out of the box is playing and enacting not only the role of Hamlet but also many other roles in the play. Disrupting the habitual Shakespearean staging which heavily relies on mimesis in a closed “fictive cosmos” (Lehmann 22), the production, more strikingly, allows for an innovative Shakespearean acting as an innovative Shakespearean acting possible as the actor acts out all the major roles, such as Hamlet, Claudius, Gertrude, Ophelia, Polonius, etc., in such various ways as holding dummies in his hands and enacting their roles in monologues and dialogues. Fusing Hans-Thies Lehmann’s theory of postdramatic theatre with Jill Dolan’s argumentation on utopian performative, this study will investigate how postdramatic theatre techniques challenge the traditional Shakespearean performance and contends that postdramatic theatre techniques used in Kasapoğlu’s Hamlet contribute to the utopian performative and the possibility of creating a utopian impulse in the audience. The paper thus will claim that postdramatic performance of Hamlet renders a utopian performative possible by presenting a transformative potential in the audience members which engages in our present moment.
Staging Dystopian Communities: Reimagining Shakespeare in Selected English Plays
Authors: Lachman Michał
Published: July 2023

Among the countless afterlives of William Shakespeare’s playwriting there is a strong presence of his visions of state and political powers. In universal, philosophical ways Shakespeare was addressing issues concerning the state power, social organization, hierarchy, and rank in what inevitably were the origins of modern, capitalistic societies. Therefore, many of his powerful images resonate today in the works of contemporary writers who intend to compose stories of utopian or dystopian character which diagnose the condition of modern society. This article aims to present three plays by post-war English dramatists (Edward Bond’s Bingo, Frank McGuinness’s Mutabilitie, and David Greig’s Dunsinane) which reuse Shakespearian themes, motifs, or characters to build politically contentious and subversive plots within a narrower context of their specific cultures, societies, and historical periods. It is assumed that the Shakespearean legacy the writers engage with is not merely a dramatic text, but  a complex cultural structure of accumulated narratives, interpretations, and myths which contemporary dramatists rewrite and recycle. The aim of the article is to show how this multifaceted legacy of Shakespeare’s life and work helps build dystopian visions of contemporary communities or images of state and political justice. In other words, the article intends to analyse ways of visualizing modern societies through the palimpsestic presence of the Renaissance master.
Nanostructured block copolymer single-ion conductors for low-temperature, high-voltage and fast charging lithium-metal batteries
Authors: Shi Junli , Nguyen Huu-Dat , Chen Zhen , Wang Rui , Steinle Dominik , Barnsley Lester , Li Jie , Frielinghaus Henrich , Bresser Dominic , Iojoiu Cristina , Paillard Elie
Published: July 2023

Herein, a single-ion polymer electrolyte is reported for high-voltage and low-temperature lithium-metal batteries that enables suppressing the growth of dendrites, even at high current densities of 2 mA cm-2. The nanostructured electrolyte was introduced into the cell by mechanically processing the polymer powder via an easily scalable process. Important for the potential application in commercial battery cells is the finding that it does not induce aluminum corrosion at high voltages and leads to low interfacial resistance with lithium metal. These beneficial characteristics, in combination with its high single-ion conductivity and its high anodic stability, allow for the stable cycling of state-of-the-art lithium-ion cathodes, such as NMC111 and NMC622, in combination with a lithium metal anode at 20 °C and even 0 °C for several hundred cycles.
Information Controls and Internet Shutdowns in African Elections: The Politics of Electoral Integrity and Abuses of Power
Authors: Stremlau Nicole , Dobson Nathan
Published: July 2023

Internet shutdowns in Africa are becoming increasingly widespread, particularly when governments face competitive or contentious elections. They have also come to symbolise a widening fracture between competing conceptions of the global Internet and its regulation. Governments in Africa are justifying shutdowns as able address misinformation and disinformation, protect the election process, and ensure national security. International organisations, NGOs, and social networking platforms condemn these as an inadmissible form of censorship and information control, an abuse by political actors seeking to silence critics or manipulate elections. This article offers an alternative reading on internet shutdowns by placing them in the historical context of the wide range of information controls around elections, many of which are widely regarded as being acceptable and legitimate mechanisms to support competitive elections. By offering this context, we can ask what is new about shutdowns and whether they can ever be regarded as a proportionate response to real concerns of social media and election manipulation. We conclude by highlighting the inequalities of online content moderation as an often-overlooked factor in driving the use of shutdowns, and the failure of social media companies to effectively address misinformation and disinformation in Africa, particularly around elections.
The Future of Stress Management: Integration Smartwatches and HRV Technology
Authors: Jerath Ravinder , Syam Mohammad , Ahmed Shajia
Published: July 2023

In the modern world, stress has become a pervasive concern that affects individuals' physical and mental well-being. To address this issue, many wearable devices have emerged as potential tools for stress detection and management, by measuring heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), and various matrices related to it. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of existing research on HRV tracking and Biofeedback using smartwatches and finger monitor/sensor pairing with reliable 3rd party mobile apps like Elite HRV, Welltory, and HRV4Training specifically designed for stress detection and management. we apply various algorithms and methodologies employed for HRV analysis and stress detection is discussed, including time-domain, frequency-domain, and non-linear analysis techniques. Prominent smartwatches, such as Apple Watch, Garmin, Fitbit, Polar, and Samsung Galaxy Watch, are evaluated based on their HRV measurement accuracy, data quality, sensor technology, and integration with stress management features. We describe the efficacy of smartwatches in providing real-time stress feedback, personalized stress management interventions, and promoting overall well-being. To assist researchers, doctors, and developers use smartwatch technology to address stress and promote holistic well-being, we discuss the data's advantages and limitations, future developments, and the significance of user-centered design and personalized interventions.

Keywords: smartwatch; stress; wearable device; heart rate variability; comparative analysis
Characterization and Stability of a Novel Toxin in Scallop Mantle Tissue
Authors: Maeda Nabuki , Yumoto Takahiro , Xiong Geng , Hasegawa Yasushi
Published: July 2023

We previously showed that feeding mice a diet containing 1% mantle tissue decreased food consumption, leading to death. We also isolated and identified toxic substances in the mantle tissue. In the present study, we investigated the characteristics and stability of mantle tissue toxicity. Treatment of mantle tissue with 1 mM HCl, 1 mM NaOH, 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 1 mM H2O2 and heating did not reduce the toxicity of mantle tissue in mice. These results suggest that mantle toxins are stable in tissues, particularly when exposed to acidic and digestive enzymes. We examined whether mantle tissue exhibited acute toxicity. Diets containing 1% and 20% mantle extract showed similar levels of toxicity, demonstrating that feeding of mantle tissue does not lead to acute toxicity. Finally, we examined the toxicity of the mantle tissue against small intestinal tissue. Chronic feeding of mantle tissue to mice changed the color of the small intestine. Real-time PCR analysis showed that mantle tissue feeding caused changes of inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers in the small intestine. These results suggest that feeding of mantle tissue causes toxicity after causing initial damage to the small intestinal tissue.
TELAAH PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM DALAM PUTUSAN BEBAS TERDAKWA TINDAK PIDANA PENIPUAN (STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR 799/PID.B/2021/PN JAMBI)
Authors: Dedy Muhammad , Santoso Bambang
Published: July 2023

This article aims to examine and find out the suitability of the considerations of the judge who handed down an acquittal in a fraud crime case with article 183 in conjunction with article 191 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Procedure Code. This article uses normative or doctrinal legal methods that are prescriptive and applied. The approach used in this article is a case approach. The use of legal materials includes primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials uses library research by collecting legal materials related to the problem to be studied. The law material analysis technique used is the syllogism method which uses a deductive mindset. Based on the results of the research and discussion, it shows that in Decision Number 799/Pid.B/2021/PN Jambi, the considerations of judges who handed down acquittals in cases of fraud were in accordance with Article 183 in conjunction with Article 191 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Procedure Code. This is because the Prosecutor's evidence is still very minimal through the evidence of witnesses and letters to find material truth in this case. In addition, based on the results of the examination at trial the Judge was of the opinion that the second and third elements of Article 378 of the Criminal Code in the Public Prosecutor's indictment were not legally fulfilled so that the Judge handed down an acquittal against the Defendant.

Keyword: Judge's Consideration; Evidence; Acquittal Verdict; Fraud
Deep learning and Magnet Resonance Imaging for Prostate Cancer Detection and Determination of the clinical Significance
Authors: Eminaga Okyaz , Leyh-Bannurah Sami-Ramzi , Al-Itaibi Rakan , Semjonow Axel , Witt Jorn , Boegemann Martin , Breil Bernhard
Published: July 2023

Background
A human perception-based assessment of multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the prostate does not necessarily tap the full potential in determining prostate cancer (PCa) and identifying significant prostate cancer (sPCa).
Methods
Our multi-institutional international study includes 6,448 mpMRI prostate images from 1,830 patients (PCa diagnosis in 69.7% of patients). MR Images from a single institution were utilized for the model development and in-house validation, and from two international institutions for external validation. We utilized volumetric data, PlexusNET architecture, and attention algorithms to develop deep learning models. Performance was measured using the area under receiving characteristic operating curve (AUROC) and compared to the PI-RADS score system (version 2) at the case level for PCa diagnosis and sPCa identification. The reduction rate of biopsy settings without missing any PCa cases measured the clinical utility.
Results
Our compact models were internally and externally validated for a significant improvement in PCa detection by 7.25% compared to the PI-RADS score system. Following the model recommendation would avoid at least 11.3% of unnecessary biopsies. Moreover, the DL model correctly predicted PCa presence in 22.5% of cases, which were misclassified according to the PI-RADS score system. The identification accuracy of sPCa for the model was statistically significantly higher than PI-RADS scores (AUROC: 0.769 vs. 0.726; p < 0.021) on a PCa cohort with 79% sPCa.
Conclusions
Our solution facilitates mpMRI assessment of the prostate for PCa diagnosis and the determination of sPCa; we demonstrated a great potential of AI for clinical utility and improved mpMRI assessment.
Incorporation of stoichiometric CNPS inputs in soils with variable clay content
Authors: Amin Nazish , Panthi Sharan , Kabiri Shayan , O'Rourke Sharon Mary
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Evidence exists for a constant C, N, P, and S content in the stabilized fine fraction pool of organic carbon in soils globally. This study aimed to test C:N:P:S stoichiometry to increase the rate of organic matter mineralization and soil organic carbon (SOC) stabilisation following straw incorporation in soils with varying clay content. Objectives were to (i) determine whether stoichiometric CNPS input affected mineralisation by increasing CO2 production, (ii) quantify the effect of nutrient limitation (N, P or S) on CO2-C and (iii) determine if enhanced mineralisation could be detected in the stable C fraction (FF-C) after one incubation cycle.
Methods: Straw was incorporated in soil at a rate of 8 t ha-1 with or without stoichiometrically balanced nutrients to convert a target 30% fresh C-input to SOC.
Results: Both treatment and soil type had a statistically significant effect on the total amount of CO2-C production (p<0.001). A positive significant relationship was observed during peak concentration of CO2-C between C2 (C-input) and N1 (balanced stoichiometric CNPS input) in two soils with higher clay and silt content (loam soils), with nutrient-limiting treatments responding accordingly. No significant treatment effect was observed for FF-C, as an indicative response of SOC stabilisation in heavier textured soils. This suggests that lighter soils may take a longer time to respond to stoichiometric CNPS inputs to achieve stabilised SOC.
Conclusion: In conclusion, Multiple C addition cycle may be required to show both the straw mineralisation and SOC stabilisation response to stoichiometrically balanced inputs of CNPS.
Pilocarpine aiding the management of early post-operative silicon oil migration into the anterior chamber after vitrectomy in an aphakic child: case report
Authors: Alrajhi Furat , Alobudi Abdulrahman , AlQahtani Faisal , Alzendi Nouf
Published: July 2023

Background:
Silicon oil has been used in retinal surgeries for decades. One of the observed complications after its use is a high intraocular pressure. Herein, the management of early high intraocular pressure secondary to silicon oil migration into the anterior chamber in an aphakic child post vitrectomy is described.
Case presentation:
An eight-year-old boy presented to the emergency department just five days post lensectomy; pars plana vitrectomy and silicon oil tamponade was done due to traumatic cataract in the left eye. He had a high intraocular pressure with massive silicon oil infiltration into the anterior chamber. He was managed conservatively with face-down position, mydriatics, and antiglaucoma drugs. Afterwards, the silicon oil retracted into the posterior pole, and the patient was given pilocarpine to constrict the pupil and prevent re-migration of silicon oil into the anterior chamber. His intraocular pressure remained controlled till it was safe to remove the silicon oil by the vitreoretinal surgeon.
Conclusion:
This case highlights the value of pilocarpine in the prevention of silicon oil remigration into the anterior chamber; thus creating time for safe silicon oil removal. By utilizing these conservative measures, invasive interventions can be deferred, minimizing risks and optimizing patient outcomes, particularly in the pediatric population.
Deep learning-based prediction of post-pancreaticoduodenectomy pancreatic fistula
Authors: Lee Woohyung , Park Hyo Jung , Lee Hack-Jin , Song Ki Byung , Hwang Dae Wook , Lee Jae Hoon , Lim Kyongmook , Ko Yousun , Kim Hyoung Jung , Won Kim Kyung , Kim Song Cheol
Published: July 2023

Postoperative pancreatic fistula is a life-threatening complication with an unmet need for accurate prediction. This study was aimed to develop preoperative artificial intelligence-based prediction models. Patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy were enrolled and stratified into model development and validation sets by surgery between 2016 and 2017 or in 2018, respectively. Machine learning models based on clinical and body composition data, and deep learning models based on computed tomographic data, were developed, combined by ensemble voting, and final models were selected comparison with earlier model. Among the 1333 participants (training, n = 881; test, n = 452), postoperative pancreatic fistula occurred in 421 (47.8%) and 134 (31.8%) and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula occurred in 59 (6.7%) and 27 (6.0%) participants in the training and test datasets, respectively. In the test dataset, the area under the receiver operating curve [AUC (95% confidence interval)] of the selected preoperative model for predicting all and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula was 0.75 (0.71–0.80) and 0.68 (0.58–0.78). Furthermore, these models achieved better predictive performance than earlier models. The deep learning-based models developed based on preoperative variables achieved good performance for predicting pancreatic fistula, and outperformed earlier model.
Adult-type Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery and Right Coronary-Right Atrial Fistula：A Case Report
Authors: Luo Hao , Ofe Eugene , Yue Rongchuan
Published: July 2023

Background；Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly，mortality rates in infancy reach approximately 90%, with only a small number of patients surviving into adulthood，therefore，most of the literature reports mainly focus on infantile type.
Case presentation：A 55-year-old female was admitted due to persistent repeated chest pain experienced and had worsened in for unknown reason. Color doppler echocardiography, coronary computed tomographic angiography, and coronary angiography confirmed the diagnosis of ALCAPA and concurrent right coronary artery-right atrial fistula. The symptoms of chest pain exhibited notable improvement subsequent to corrective surgery for the anomalous origin of the coronary artery.
Conclusions：This report shows an unique case of ALCAPA in an adult patient, characterizing the condition's combination with a right coronary-right atrial fistula, and it is prone to misdiagnosis and misdiagnosis. We aims to provide valuable insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment of ALCAPA.
RETRACTED: Eosinophil count testing in patients with asthma varies by healthcare provider type in the US
Authors: Mathur Sameer , Corbridge Thomas , Packnett Elizabeth , Jariwala-Parikh Krutika , Deb Arijita
Published: July 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Meta-Analysis of Consumer Willingness to Pay for Organic Food
Authors: Ribeiro Jose Eduardo
Published: July 2023

This meta-analysis provides a consensus on the willingness to pay (WTP) for organic food, and the factors influencing its premium. It includes 56 studies which satisfy the criteria established by its protocol, contributing to 108 observations. Results show that, on average, consumers worldwide are willing to pay a 60\% premium for the organic attribute. Premiums have increased over the years and are larger for relatively cheaper products in Asia and Africa. Education level has an inverse relationship with the extra amount consumers would pay for organic and is a pivotal variable in WTP estimates. However, premia are also highly influenced by the methodology applied in the study, indicating that stated preference approaches on average increase estimates by 55\%, though the treatment of hypothetical bias mitigates most of this, with an effect of -43\%. Face-to-face surveys and information given during the survey also positively affect premiums. Thus, these should be considered when eliciting WTP estimates.
Conformational Landscape and Effect of Microhydration on the Secondary Structure of Capped Phenylalanine: A Computational Study
Authors: Alauddin Md. , Mamun Abdullah-Al , Barai Hasi Rani , Hasan Zubair , Joo Sang W.
Published: July 2023

The N-acetyl-phenylalaninylamide (NAPA) and microhydrated NAPA, [NAPA-A(H2O)n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4)] have been studied theoretically in the gas phase to explore the conformational landscape and the effect of hydration on the peptide backbone of NAPA. The most stable conformer of NAPA has an extended backbone form with the structural motif of βL(a) and assigned NAPA-A. After the addition of a single water molecule, the βL(a) structure of NAPA folded to γ-turn with a structural motif of γL(a). The sequential addition of water on the NAPA-A conformer shows moderate intermolecular hydrogen bonding with the structural arrangement of PPII. Calculations for all the most stable conformers of NAPA-A(H2O)n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4) clusters have been done using B3LYP, B3PW91, PBE0, M06-2X, wB97XD, CAM-B3LYP density functionals with cc-pVTZ basis set in the gas phase to assess their ability to describe the conformational landscape and hydration effect. In terms of interaction energy and the strength of the hydrogen bond, the performance is obtained in the order of M06-2X > wB97XD > CAM-B3LYP > PBE0 > B3LYP > B3PW91 with cc-pVTZ basis set. We also calculated interaction energy using the MP2 method with 6-31G basis set to see the trends of interaction energy from the bare NAPA-A to [NAPA-A(H2O)n (n = 1, 2, 3, 4)] clusters. Moreover, natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis has been carried out to clarify the nature of hydrogen bonding in NAPA-A.
Deep Learning-Based Noninvasive Auxiliary Pulmonary TumorDiagnosis System on Multi-modality Radio-mics Data
Authors: Jiang Hao Jiang Hao , Chao Liu Chao Liu , Chen Wenyang Chen Wenyang , Zhang Jun Zhang Jun , Tai Yonghang Tai Yonghang
Published: July 2023

The increasing prevalence of lung cancer necessitates the development of non-invasive preliminaryscreening systems to support clinical diagnosis scenarios. Currently, the core challenges in noduledetection involve misalignment and data sparsity. Moreover, post-cancer screening, single modalityinformation is inadequate for comprehensive analysis of lung cancer by medical professionals. In thisarticle, we propose two methods for preliminary cancer screening and medical analysis, respectively.Firstly, we introduce a hybrid training strategy to optimize the TOOD architecture, addressing thechallenges encountered during the preliminary screening process. Secondly, we extract radiomicsfeatures from nodule images, adhering to the image biomarker standardization initiative (IBSI). Byconsidering radiomics characteristics as independent variables and effective survival prognosis asthe dependent variable, we explore the relationship between tumor images and survival prognosis.The proposed method demonstrates a reduction in TOOD detection speed from 4.4s to 3.3s, andimproved mAP50 and Recall values for the hybrid neural network (TOOD+DCNV) from 0.4871to 0.7123 and 0.6181 to 0.8325, respectively. Comprehensive validation supports the effectivenessof the proposed method for preliminary nodule detection. Furthermore, the proposed non-invasivepreliminary screening system yields 107 quantitative radiomics features from detected nodules, witha text classification accuracy of 72%. Overall, the integration of deep learning and multi-model dataforms the foundation of the preliminary screening system, offering potential to alleviate the burden oftumor diagnosis and achieve intelligent assistive medical capabilities.
Anoikis-related long non-coding RNA signatures to predict prognosis and small molecular drug response in glioma: based on multi-database analysis
Authors: Chen Desheng , Li Yang , Yu Shan , Han Ke , Ma Xinqi , Yang Qingsong , He Ke , Hu Bowen , Kuang Liangwen , Yao Penglei , Xia Songsong , Yao Jiawei , Zhao Yan , Gu Shuqing , Guo Mian , Wang Guangzhi
Published: July 2023

Background

Gliomas are intrinsic brain tumors that originate from neuroglial progenitor cells. Traditional treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have limited improvement in prognosis for patients with gliomas, and recurrence rates remain high.The construction of prognostic model can predict the development and treatment effect of glioma, which is of great clinical significance.
Methods
Anoikis play a key role in the critical stages of tumor development, metastasis, and cancer cell dissemination. Based on TCGA database and CGGA database, the LASSO model is constructed with Anoikis-related lncRNAs as the core. Combined with clinicopathological features, univariate- and multivariate COX analysis were used to verify the effectiveness of the model. Despite the existence of various prognostic models, none of them are truly suitable for clinical application. The model we have constructed provides an option for clinical application.
Results
We constructed a risk model with 8 ARlncRNAs(LINC00519, AC140481.1, LINC00928, HOXA-AS2, CRNDE, ACAP2-IT1, USP30-AS1, TMPO-AS1) at its core and validated their high accuracy in predicting overall survival. We also confirmed their association with clinicopathological features. Studies of drug sensitivity and immunological associations suggest that it could provide more precise guidance to clinicians.
Conclusion
Our study elucidated a prognostic prediction model of glioma by 8 Anoikis-related long non-coding RNAs.High-risk patients have a short survival time and a pro-tumor immune microenvironment.
A Novel Approach for Customer Churn Prediction in Telecom using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Chaudhary Aditi , Rizvi Ali , Kumar Navneet , Mishra Ashish Kumar
Published: July 2023

For organizations across a range of industries, customer churn is a serious problem.Businesses must identify consumers who are in danger of leaving in order totake actions to keep them. By examining previous data and seeing trends indicatingclient behavior, machine learning provides a potent remedy for forecastingcustomer attrition. In this article, the investigation of the way machine learningtechniques can be utilized to forecast consumer attrition in the telecommunicationindustry has been done. The machine learning models decision trees and randomforests have been trained and assessed using IBM’s dataset of customer behaviorand demographics. These models are compared using performance parameterslike recall, accuracy, F1-score, and precision. According to chosen data, the randomforest model exceeds the competition with a remarkable accuracy of 96%.This study demonstrates the potential of machine learning in predicting customerturnover and offers insightful information for creating strategies that effectivelyretain customers.
ViT with diamond patches for lane line detection under occlusion
Authors: Shi Xianrang , Wang Rong , Zhang Hengyu , Li Zezhi , Su Yang , Ti Yan , Song Tinglun
Published: July 2023

Lane line detection based on deep learning has achieved good results in common scenarios. However, it is challenging to detect lane lines in extreme occlusion scenes where the visual clues are severely missing. To address this problem, we propose a novel method that leverages Vision Transformer (ViT) for de-occlusion and feature fusion. Specifically, we first design a ViT-based model to reconstruct the occluded lane lines from the input image. Then, we extract the feature map of the model and fuse it with the original image feature map. Finally, we use the fused feature map to detect the lane lines in a robust manner. Moreover, we introduce a sensitivity loss function that measures the error of each pixel and considers the coordinate difference between pixels. Experiments show that our sensitivity loss function can improve the performance of lane line detection. We evaluate our method on three benchmark datasets: TuSimple, CULane and CurveLanes. The results demonstrate that our method outperforms the existing methods in terms of accuracy and F1-score on all these datasets.
Effects of Antimicrobial Photosensitizers of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)
to Treat Periodontitis
Authors: Bourbour Samaneh , Darbandi Atieh , Bostanghadiri Narjess , Ghanavati Roya , Taheri Behrouz , Bahador Abbas
Published: July 2023

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy or aPDT is an alternative therapeutic approach in
which lasers and different photosensitizing agents are used to eradicate periodontopathic bacteria
in periodontitis. Periodontitis is a localized infectious disease caused by periodontopathic bacteria
and can destroy bones and tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. The aPDT system has
been shown by in vitro studies to have high bactericidal efficacy. It was demonstrated that aPDT
has low local toxicity, can speed up dental therapy, and is cost-effective. Several photosensitizers
(PSs) are available for each type of light source which did not induce any damage to the patient
and are safe. In recent years, significant advances have been made in aPDT as a non-invasive
treatment method, especially in treating infections and cancers. Besides, aPDT can be perfectly
combined with other treatments. Hence, this survey focused on the effectiveness and mechanism
of aPDT of periodontitis by using lasers and the most frequently used antimicrobial PSs such as
methylene blue (MB), toluidine blue ortho (TBO), indocyanine green (ICG), malachite green
(MG) (Triarylmethanes), erythrosine dyes (ERY) (Xanthenes dyes), rose bengal (RB) (Xanthenes
dyes), eosin-Y (Xanthenes dyes), radachlorin group and curcumin. The aPDT with these PSs can
reduce pathogenic bacterial loads in periodontitis. Therefore, it is clear that there is a bright future
for using aPDT to fight microorganisms causing periodontitis.
Sthitha Prajna Leader: A Marvel of Transformational Leadership Style from Indian Ancient Wisdom
Authors: Tenneti V. Janaki , Tenneti Murali , Rajesh M.
Published: July 2023

Every problem ends with rise of a leader who is bestowed with the ability of looking through the problem, dissociating with the emotions involved and most importantly influencing others and making it happen. The effectiveness of leadership and measures and metrics of it generate unending enthusiasm for academia, the result of which is various theoretical frameworks that embellish the management literature.Transactionalandtransformationalleadershipstyles-developedbyBurns(1978)andBass(1985)andthe constructive/developmental theory of Kegan which explains the critical personality differences in leaders that lead to different styles are milestones in leadership theories. These theories throw light on the state of consciousness and maturity level of the leader and reflection of the same in his behaviour. The tenets of Ancient Indian Wisdom elucidate the critical qualities that characterize a marvel of leader. The person with these qualities is recognized as ‘Sthitha Prajna’(steadied intellect). The present study is a survey conducted on people in leadership positions about their functioning and with the help of explorative factor analysis it is attempted to identify the ‘Sthitha Prajna’attributes in them. Later, these attributes are weighed against their beliefs in teaching of Bhagavad Gita.