bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and Performance of Unilateral Kidney Transplants from Deceased Donors
Authors: Husain Syed Ali , Chiles Mariana C. , Lee Samnang , Pastan Stephen O. , Patzer Rachel E. , Tanriover Bekir , Ratner Lloyd E. , Mohan Sumit
Published: September 2018

Background and objectives

The fraction of kidneys procured for transplant that are discarded is rising in the United States. Identifying donors from whom only one kidney was discarded allows us to control for donor traits and better assess reasons for organ discard.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using United Network for Organ Sharing Standard Transplant Analysis and Research file data to identify deceased donors from whom two kidneys were procured and at least one was transplanted. Unilateral pairs were defined as kidney pairs from a single donor from whom one kidney was discarded (“unilateral discard”) but the other was transplanted (“unilateral transplant”). Organ quality was estimated using the Kidney Donor Risk Index and Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI). We compared all-cause graft failure rates for unilateral transplants to those for bilateral transplant Kaplan–Meier methods, and life table methodology was used to evaluate 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of transplants from bilateral and unilateral donors.

Results

Compared with bilateral donors (i.e., both kidneys transplanted) (n=80,584), unilateral donors (i.e., only one kidney transplanted) (n=7625) had higher mean terminal creatinine (1.3±2.1 mg/dl versus 1.1±0.9 mg/dl) and KDPI (67%±25% versus 42%±27%), were older, and were more likely to have hypertension, diabetes, hepatitis C, terminal stroke, or meet Centers for Disease Control and Prevention high-risk donor criteria. Unilateral discards were primarily attributed to factors expected to be similar in both kidneys from a donor: biopsy findings (22%), no interested recipient (13%), and donor history (7%). Anatomic abnormalities (14%), organ damage (11%), and extended ischemia (6%) accounted for about 30% of discards, but were the commonest reasons among low KDPI kidneys. Among kidneys with KDPI≥60%, there was an incremental difference in allograft survival over time (for unilateral versus bilateral transplants, 1-year survival: 83% versus 87%; 3-year survival: 69% versus 73%; 5-year survival: 51% versus 58%).

Conclusions

A large number of discarded kidneys were procured from donors whose contralateral kidneys were transplanted with good post-transplant outcomes.
El movimiento devorado por ideologías militantes. Debate entre Daniel Cohn-Bendit y Alain Geismar
Authors: Cohn-Bendit Daniel , Geismar Alain , Wieviorka Michel
Published: September 2018

Este artículo fue publicado en francés en la revista Socio (Éditions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme), en el número 10 (2018). Reconocemos una vez más la fructífera colaboración con Socio y agradecemos a su director, Michel Wieviorka. [Traducción de Lorena Murillo S.]
México 1968-2018: La condición de la libertad es luchar por ella
Authors: Solís Gadea Héctor Raúl
Published: September 2018

Cuando hay que tomar partido, más te vale estar del lado de los justos.

Benito Taibo (2015)

¿Quiénes somos ahora? Quiero decir: ¿en qué nos ha convertido este largo medio siglo de autoritarismos? ¿Acaso estamos de veras oyéndonos los unos a los otros o más bien –respondiendo a un condicionamiento militar– estamos tratando de imponer una opinión sobre las otras, desoyendo todo lo que tratan de decirnos los otros? ¿Seguimos siendo intolerantes –jueces, lapidadores, demoledores de creación, censores, represores– para disimular nuestra inseguridad, para enmascarar nuestras pequeñeces? ¿Hay algún diálogo perdido que estemos dispuestos a restablecer? ¿Alguna vez, me pregunto, nos aceptaremos los unos a los otros?

Tomás Eloy Martínez (1999)

Busco comprender el movimiento de 1968 en México desde la perspectiva de sus reivindicaciones democrático-liberales. Explico las causas profundas –las contradicciones sistémicas y el peso del pasado– que propiciaron los errores coyunturales que desembocaron en la matanza de Tlatelolco. Doy cuenta de los esfuerzos de preservación del sistema hegemónico priista, la respuesta neoliberal y la difícil transición a la democracia. Reflexiono sobre el ciclo inaugurado con el triunfo de López Obrador, sus riesgos y posibilidades, bajo una visión que insiste en construir ciudadanía e instituciones republicanas como requisitos para consolidar la democracia actual y hacer justicia al proyecto democrático-liberal de los jóvenes del 68.
Ruina sobre ruina
Authors: Lorenzano Sandra
Published: September 2018

Reseña del libro:

Bolaño, Roberto (1999) Amuleto. Barcelona: Anagrama

Nota: Aunque la primera edición de la novela es de 1999, para esta reseña estoy utilizando la edición de 2017.
Accuracy of panoramic radiography in diagnosing maxillary sinus-root relationship: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Wentian , Xia Kai , Tang Li , Liu Chenlu , Zou Ling , Liu Jun
Published: September 2018

Objective:

To investigate the accuracy of panoramic radiography (PR) in diagnosing maxillary sinus-root relationships (SRRs).

Materials and Methods:

PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, CBM, Baidu Scholar, and SIGLE were searched. The studies comparing the diagnostic accuracy of PR and computed tomography/cone-beam computed tomography (CT/CBCT) for SRR were included.

Results:

Eleven studies were included. Meta-analyses showed that, for type I SRR, PR had the highest specificity, positive likelihood ratio (+LR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC), with a high sensitivity and a low negative LR (−LR). For type IV, PR had a high DOR and AUC, with the highest sensitivity but a low +LR, the lowest –LR, and the lowest specificity. For type II, PR had the lowest AUC, with a low sensitivity, +LR, and DOR and a high −LR. For type III, PR had the lowest sensitivity, +LR, and DOR and the highest −LR. The distance from root tips to the maxillary sinus floor on PR was significantly longer (mean difference: −1.88 mm; 95% confidence interval: −2.19 to −1.57; P < .0001) than that on CT/CBCT.

Conclusions:

Currently available evidence suggests PR could be reliable for detecting type I SRR. PR has a good ability to confirm true type IV SRR but a poor ability to rule out false type IV SRR. For type II and III SRR, PR shows poor accuracy and tends to overestimate the extent of protrusion of the roots into the maxillary sinus. When PRs display type II, III, or IV SRR and related treatment is needed, CBCT should be used for further examinations.
Effect of keyhole mode on weld shape and mechanical properties of thin sheets of Al-Si coated 22MnB5 steel
Authors: Lin Wenhu , Li Fang , Hua Xueming
Published: September 2018

The great change of plasma or plumes and weld pool flows existed between “blind” keyhole and open keyhole, especially for thin sheets. The keyhole mode could be changed by increasing the power density for deeper keyhole penetration. In this study, weld shape, aluminum content, δ ferrite fraction, and tensile strength were investigated in laser welding Al-Si coated steel. “Blind” keyhole led to “Y” weld shape, lower aluminum content, less δ ferrite, and higher strength at the optimized parameter. On the contrary, open keyhole led to “X” weld shape, higher aluminum content, more δ ferrites, and lower strength. The microstructure was more homogeneous in low speed “Y” weld. From the high speed images, the open keyhole was accompanied with fierce molten flow on the bottom side. The bottom coating was also important in the aluminum increase. In the suitable combination of welding parameters for “blind” keyhole, their strength could reach the level of decoated sample with no need for decoating preparation.
Cities in Flight: A Descriptive Examination of the Tropical City Imagined in Twentieth Century Science Fiction Cover Art
Authors: Menadue Christopher Benjamin
Published: September 2018

A search for imaginary cities and city-like objects portrayed in twentieth century science fiction magazine cover art employed digital tools and followed a PRISMA methodology for systematic analysis. The findings include a correlation between indigenous peoples being portrayed as possessing less advanced technology than human visitors or human city builders in the tropics. Human cultural tropes are identified in the depiction of indigenous peoples, and trends over time in the increasing sophistication of portrayals, and a decline in gratuitously sexual artwork are visible, which supports findings of other work on changing cultural perceptions of the tropics found in science fiction. Notable themes were the tropics as a place of conflict, simplistic depictions of women, the difference between the portrayal of jungle and desert environments and the colonial mythology perpetuated in cover art over this period. Science fiction cities of the tropics were often still or devoid of life, rather than vibrant, active places. An intriguing finding was that building a filtering model for tropical environments in a science fiction setting leads naturally to a consideration of how the concept of the tropics is based on arbitrary, Earthly, cartographic conventions, which do not exist on other worlds. This difference highlights the value-laden meaning of tropical environments and societies applied by the ‘alien,’ whether European colonist or visiting Earthling, and that the inhabitants of the tropics are not bound by these conventions.
Women on Walls: The Female Subject in Modern Graffiti Art
Authors: Fleischmann Katja , Mann Robert H.
Published: September 2018

Modern day wall art featuring women as subjects is usually painted by male artists, although women graffiti artists are challenging that male dominance and there are ample examples of their work on social media. The choice of women as subjects dates back to ancient Rome and Greece where idealized female images provided a template for desire, sexuality and goddess status. In modern times, wall artists present women as iconic subjects of power, renewal, and social commentary. Feminine graffiti appears to be idiosyncratic in its subject matter—the product of history, geography, culture and political discourse based on feminine power and influence. Although it is impossible to generalize stylistically about street artists, who are sui generis by their very nature–and wall art defies easy labelling–there are some patterns that are apparent when wandering city streets and encountering women subjects on walls. This photo-essay explores women who feature in wall art in open air galleries in Western Europe, South America and tropical Cuba and seeks to define female archetypes found in these examples. The historical antecedents to modern wall art are presented followed by specific examples of wall art featuring women; succinct interpretations are presented with each example. The journey takes us to Paris, Berlin and Venice, with a stopover in the small fishing town of Huanchaco, Peru, the colourful artistic hill city of Valparaiso, Chile and ends on the worn and tattered streets of tropical Havana, Cuba. In crossing the equator and cultural divide between Western Europe, South America and the Caribbean some surprising trends are suggested in this exploration of women on walls.
Tropical Darwin on Screen: Critiquing national values using urban frontier tropes in Charlie’s Country and Last Cab to Darwin.
Authors: Blackwood Gemma
Published: September 2018

Australia’s northern-most tropical city of Darwin has a strong presence in the domestic and international touristic imagination as a tropical escape destination – a small city poised on the edge of outstanding natural beauty – yet in national cinematic representations Darwin is often presented as a frontier zone, whether these tropes are pivoted around culture or nature. I would like to take up this idea of the city of Darwin as special and distinctive in the national imaginary that is discernible in recent Australian cinema, an idea that I show extends to the city’s representation in theatre and literature. This paper performs a close textual reading of the city’s recent representation in two high profile Australian feature films, Charlie’s Country (Rolf de Heer, 2013) and Last Cab to Darwin (Jeremy Sims, 2015). These are films that employ compassionate, humanistic themes, each maintaining a strong focus on main characters who find themselves both marginalized and neglected within the broader mechanisms of Australian society: hence each film is simultaneously performing the secondary work of critiquing Australian culture. In both films, I show how the tropical city of Darwin operates as a space of difference, but unlike the contemporary tourism marketing that simplistically brands the region as a “site of desire”, here we find two unique critiques of Australian law and society that work to show the ethical frontiers of legislation and of human sovereignty.
Pendugaan Rendemen Tebu Menggunakan Sifat Biolistrik dan ANN untuk Pengembangan Alat Ukur Cepat Rendemen Tebu
Authors: Sucipto Sucipto , Utomo Rhamdani Widyo , Al-Riza Dimas Firmanda , Yuliatun Simping , Supriyanto Supriyanto , Somantri Agus Supriatna
Published: September 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan sifat biolistrik pada berbagai ruas tebu dan waktu tunda giling serta hubungan sifat biolistrik dengan rendemen tebu menggunakan metode jaringan syaraf tiruan (ANN). Sifat biolistrik yang digunakan meliputi frekuensi, kapasitansi (C), impedansi (Z), dan konstanta dielektrik (k). Pada penelitian ini digunakan faktor ruas tebu (atas, tengah, dan bawah) dan waktu tunda giling (hari ke-0, 1, dan 2). Hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa ruas tebu bagian bawah memiliki nilai rendemen lebih besar dari bagian tebu lain. Rendemen semakin berkurang seiring waktu penundaan. Nilai kapasitansi dan konstanta dielektrik menurun seiring lama waktu penundaan. Topologi ANN terpilih adalah 4-40-30-1, dengan 4 node (frekuensi, kapasitansi, konstanta dielektrik, dan frekuensi) sebagai input layer, 40 node pada hidden layer ke 1 dan 30 node pada hidden layer ke-2, serta 1 node yakni rendemen sebagai output layer. Topologi jaringan terpilih memiliki akurasi 99,13% saat training dan 97,29% saat pengujian. Sifat biolistrik dan ANN dapat dikembangkan sebagai alat ukur cepat rendemen tebu.
Penggunaan Metode AHP dan FAHP dalam Pengukuran Kualitas Keamanan Website E-Commerce
Authors: Rahmanita Eza , Prastiti Novi , Jazari Ibnul
Published: September 2018

Website e-commerce  yang aman dapat melindungi informasi pengguna atau pelanggan. Sejumlah masalah keamanan e-commerce muncul seiring dengan bertambahnya transaksi. Pada penelitian ini kami menggunakan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process  (AHP) dan Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) dalam pengambilan keputusan. AHP sangat berguna sebagai alat dalam analisis pengambilan keputusan dan telah banyak digunakan dengan baik dalam berbagai bidang seperti evaluasi, assessment, peramalan, pemilihan karyawan, penilai konsep produk, dan lain-lain. Logika Fuzzy digunakan untuk variabel ketidakpastian atau samar, sedangkan AHP tepat dalam mempertimbangkan karakteristik baik kualitatif maupun kuantitatif yang lebih dekat dengan situasi nyata. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan diketahui bahwa situs Tokopedia.com sebagai e-commerce terbaik dalam segi keamanan website, karena semua e-commerce pada tools secure web test memperoleh nilai yang sama, dan pada tools asafa web menduduki peringkat 1 serta pada tools observatory menduduki peringkat 2.

 

Abstract

 

Website e-commerce which secure can protect the information of users or costumers. A number of security problem e-commerce appears along with transaction. In this research we used Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method. Ahp is very useful as tools in taking decision analysis and have used well in various areas such as evaluation, assessment, prediction, employee selection, concept’s rating, product and etc. Logic of Fuzzy used to uncertainty variable or vague, whereas AHP exact in consider the characteristic even if qualitative and quantitative which nearer with the real situation. From the research that has done, it is known that the site of Tokopedia.com as e-commerce is the best in website security side, because all of e-commerce at tools secure web test gained the same value, and at tools asafa web occupy ranking 1, and at tools observatory occupy ranking 2.
Ethnobiological knowledge and socio-biodiversity value among Kutia-Kandha tribe of Odisha, India
Authors: S K Sajan
Published: September 2018

A study on the socio-biodiversity was conducted in Kotagarh Wildlife Sanctuary (KWS) and nearby areas of Odisha, where the population of Kutia-Kandha tribe is dominant. It was found that, forest has provided tribes with enough materials traditional used for therapeutic purpose. Information from secondary sources by interviews were conducted in eight villages surrounding Kotagarh Wildlife Sanctuary, in which 34 males, 22 females in the age group of 35 -75 and 8 therapeutic practitioners of Kutia-Kandha tribe of Odisha were consulted. The tribes reported 54 different diseases, cured from 52 plant species belonging to 51 genera and 32 families, which are used for ethnomedicinal practices. The Fabaceae found to be the dominant family among plants used for medicinal purpose, whereas for ethnozoological use, a total of 8 mammalian species were used for curing 17 different diseases, most of them are either threatened or endangered species. This paper narrates the enthnobiology and socio-biodiversity aspects of Kutia-Kandha community of Odisha, along with suggestions for alternate source of medicines for the Kutia-Kandha, to reduce dependency on forest produce and reduce hunting of wildlife.
Wild edible plants of Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra, India and their economic potential
Authors: Y Bhogaonkar P
Published: September 2018

The present study deals with the exploration, identification and future potentialities of the wild edible plant species of Gadchiroli district. The ethnobotanical survey of the region resulted in the documentation of 73wild plant species that are consumed by the Gondi, Madia, Kawar and Pardhan. Out of these, 56species belong to 52 genera 32 dicotyledonous families, while 17 species belong to 15 genera are from 9 monocotyledonous families.
UPAYA PEDAGANG PELATARAN DI PASAR SETONO BETEK KEDIRI DALAM MENGAKSES MODAL UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN USAHANYA
Authors: Wihara Dhiyan Septa , Leksono Poniran Yudho
Published: September 2018

This study aims to 1) Describe the characteristics of the merchants of the market in the setono betek kediri which includes age, education level, family burden and work experience dependent on the access of capital to develop their business, 2) to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of the merchant of the market in the setono betek kediri towards their capital access to develop their business .The population in this study were vegetables and food street vendors, amounting to 120 traders. The number of samples used was 55 respondents with sampling technique using Slovin formula. The analysis used is Chi Square is to see the relationship between traders characteristics with access to their capital in developing their business. The results showed that the age of traders has a relationship to access capital, this is evidenced by the value of perason chi square 0.000 <0.05. The level of education of traders is also associated with capital kases with pearson chi square value 0.001 <0.05. The number of dependents of family burden is related to access to capital with pearson chi square value 0.001 <0.05. The work experience of traders is related to their capital access in developing the business with pearson chi square value 0.005 <0.05.

Key words : Age, education level, family burden, work experience, street vendors
MOTIVATION ANALYSIS ON CUSTOMER OF ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION
Authors: Kurniawan Dhika Amalia , Irwanto Muhammad Faris
Published: September 2018

In Ponorogo, one of microfinance institution developed by Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor namely Baitul Mal Wat Tamwil La-Tansa Gontor. BMT La-Tansa Gontor has 2462 customers from various regions in Ponorogo. The high demand for financial services for the community, especially in Ponorogo makes the community more selective in choosing the financial institution that will be used, this is evidenced by the high motivation of customers to use the services of BMT La-Tansa Gontor Ponorogo.The purpose of this study is to analyze the customer motivation of using BMT La-Tansa Gontor services. This research used qualitative method with grounded theory. Data collection used observation techniques, interviews, and documentation. Determination of the sample used in this study using a purposive sampling, while data analysis method used is a method of miles and hubberman with internal and external motivation as an instrument. From this research, it can be concluded that the motivation on customer of BMT La-Tansa Gontor is caused by internal motivation; (1) Implement islamic principles; (2) Personal motivation; (3) Honest revenue sharing; and (4) Halal result. The factors from external motivation on BMT La Tansa Gontor customer (1) Service factor;(2) Influence of other; (3) Transparency factor, (4) Promotion factor; and (5) Transaction factor. From the results of this research, it is expected the service quality in BMT La-Tansa Gontor can be improved to build customer satisfaction, trust and loyalty. Researcher hopes to increase the socialization of BMT La-Tansa Gontor to the community to manage property according to Islamic principles.

Keywords: BMT La-Tansa Gontor, Customer, External, Internal, Motivation
Site Selective Nucleation and Size Control of Gold Nanoparticle Photothermal Antennae on the Pore Structures of a Virus and Confined Drug Delivery
Authors: Benjamin Candace , Chen Zhuo , Kang Peiyuan , Wilson Blake A. , Li Na , Nielsen Steven O. , Qin Zhenpeng , Gassensmith Jeremiah J.
Published: September 2018

In this article, we show that the surface of the bacteriophage Qβ is equipped with natural ligands for the synthesis of small gold nanoparticles. By exploiting disulfides in the protein secondary structure and the geometry formed from the capsid quaternary structure, we find we can produce regularly arrayed patterns of ~6 nm gold nanoparticles across the surface of the virus-like particle. Experimental and computational analysis provide insight into the formation and stability of this composite. We further show that the entrapped genetic material can hold upwards of 500 molecules of the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin without leaking and without interfering with the synthesis of the gold nanoparticles. This direct nucleation of nanoparticles on the capsid allows for exceptional conduction of photothermal energy upon nanosecond laser irradiation. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate that this energy is capable of rapidly releasing the drug from the capsid without heating the bulk solution, allowing for highly targeted cell killing in vitro.
As ambivalências da cultura digital e os desafios da educação para a cidadania
Authors: Reis Valdeci , Lino Fernanda Silva , Sartori Ademilde Silveira
Published: September 2018

Este artigo utiliza algumas metáforas representadas na série britânica ‘Black Mirror’ como pano de fundo para problematizar os desafios que a sociedade hiperconectada está demandando para a educação. Recorrendo a estudos recentes que se debruçaram a analisar as contradições da cultura digital: vigilância na web, comunicação ubíqua, discursos de ódio amplificados nas redes; apostamos que a sala de aula é um espaço privilegiado para instigar os jovens nascidos na era digital a refletirem a dimensão ética e estética da internet. Nosso pressuposto é que a educação, independentemente do nível, precisa problematizar com os seus educandos o complexo labirinto que se tornou as redes digitais.
Sistem pendukung keputusan pemilihan tenaga kesehatan teladan menggunakan metode Multi-Attribute Utility Theory
Authors: Ramadiani Ramadiani , Rahmah Auliana
Published: September 2018

Pemilihan tenaga kesehatan teladan merupakan kegiatan rutin setiap tahun oleh Dinas kesehatan yang bertujuan untuk memberi penghargaan kepada mereka yang sudah mengabdikan diri di Puskesmas. Penilaian yang masih manual dianggap kurang produktif, subjektif, dan kurang efisien. Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) diperlukan untuk memudahkan pekerjaan tim juri dalam memutuskan petugas kesehatan teladan secara objektif, profesional dan transparan. Sistem yang dibangun ini berbasis stand-alone, dan dapat dijadikan alternatif terbaik untuk daerah yang akses internetnya belum cukup memadai. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui literature review dan wawancara langsung pada tim penilai tenaga kesehatan. Model yang digunakan adalah metode Multi Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT). Hasil metode MAUT dipilih karena tidak memiliki nilai cost dan benefit dalam menentukan keputusan. Penelitian ini telah menghasilkan rekomendasi untuk pemilihan tenaga kesehatan teladan dengan hasil akurasi sebesar 86,67%.   The selection of exemplary medical personnel is an annual event held by the Public Health office which aims to reward those who have already served in the community health centers. Manual evaluation method is considered to be less productive, subjective and less efficient. Decision Support System (DSS) is needed to facilitate the work of the jury team in determining exemplary health personnel to be more objective, professional and transparent. The system was built stand alone made as the best alternative for regions where internet access is not sufficient. This research was carried out through literature review and direct interviews with the health personnel assessment team. The model that was used in this research is Multi Attribute Utility Theory method. MAUT was used because it did not have the value of cost and benefit in determining decisions. This study has produced recommendations for the selection of exemplary health personnel with an accuracy of 86.67%.
Práticas educativas nas instituições de acolhimento sob o olhar das crianças
Authors: Piske Eliane Lima , Yunes Maria Angela Mattar , Bersch Angela Adriane , Pietro Angela Torma
Published: September 2018

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa calcada na Bioecologia do Desenvolvimento Humano que analisou instituições de acolhimento sob o olhar das crianças de 7 a 12 anos. Para tanto, realizou-se coleta documental, inserção ecológica e entrevistas reflexivas associadas ao registro fotográfico simultâneo. A metodologia priorizou a escuta atenta e o diálogo, respeitando a integridade, os valores morais e culturais da dinâmica das crianças em instituições. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados com apoio do software Atlas.Ti. Resultados indicam que o lugar é percebido como disciplinar, de imposição de regras, de privação e ambivalências nas práticas educativas.Palavras-chave: Instituições. Percepção das Crianças. Infâncias. Análise Bioecológica.
Homens podem ser feministas? O pioneirismo dos estudos de masculinidades no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Carvalho Maria Eulina Pessoa de , Félix da Silva Jeane , Freitas Mayanne Júlia Tomaz
Published: September 2018

Este texto explora a trajetória de homens feministas e sua identificação com os estudos de gênero e o movimento feminista, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e empírica. Nessa direção, assinala o surgimento dos estudos de masculinidades e a possibilidade de uma identidade feminista de sujeitos homens. Para ilustrar a inclusão dos homens no movimento feminista, foram entrevistados dois fundadores de duas instituições pioneiras nesses estudos no Brasil: uma ONG e um núcleo de uma universidade. Os entrevistados visualizam o movimento feminista como um projeto político coletivo e confirmam a importância do engajamento dos homens na luta pela equidade de gênero.
Expediente
Authors: Editorial Equipe
Published: September 2018

Coordenador da EdUFMT: Renilson Rosa RibeiroEditora da Revista de Educação Pública: Filomena Maria de Arruda Monteiro Editora Adjunta: Rute Cristina Domingos da PalmaTécnica: Dionéia da Silva TrindadeTécnica: Léa Lima SaulRevisão de texto: Maria das Graças Martins da SilvaEditoração eletrônica e finalização: Téo de Miranda – Editora Sustentável Periodicidade: Quadrimestral
A escolarização da infância rural no espaço lusobrasileiro na perspectiva da educação comparada (1935 a 1945)
Authors: Sá Elizabeth Figueiredo de , Carvalho Carlos Henrique , Assis e Silva Luciana Vicência Do Carmo de
Published: September 2018

Analisar as políticas públicas educacionais voltadas para a escolarização da infância rural no espaço luso-brasileiro, privilegiando a organização da escola do ensino primário elementar é foco deste artigo. Subsidiados pela história comparada, são analisadas produções acadêmicas e legislações dos países, privilegiando categorias que permitiram aproximar/ distanciar das realidades: acesso, modalidades escolares e currículo. A delimitação temporal deve-se ao período inicial do governo de Salazar, em Portugal, que contempla, também, o Estado Novo no Brasil (1937-1945). Utilizou-se da escola para imprimir na infância valores nacionalistas e formar hábitos e saberes necessários para o trabalho.Palavras-chave: Pesquisa comparada. Educação rural. Espaço luso-brasileiro.
Relação de pareceristas ad hoc em 2018
Authors: Editorial Equipe
Published: September 2018

Participaram da avaliação dos artigos publicados nas edições dovolume 27 da Revista de Educação Pública
Dimensions of Well-being and the Millennium Development Goals
Authors: Rashida Haq  , Uzma Zia
Published: September 2018

The concept of well-being has deep roots in philosophy [Cantril (1965)]. Much later in the 19th century modern definitions of well-being emerged. The utilitarian movement defined well-being subjectively and proclaimed individuals’ well-being as an important goal of individuals’ behaviour and public policy. During the 20th century social scientists started to examine well-being empirically, but a unified concept of wellbeing was lacking. At the beginning of the 20th century, economists developed elaborate quantitative theories of well-being, but rejected the possibility that individuals’ could provide valid reports of their own well-being. In the second half of the 20th century social scientists started to develop subjective measures of well-being, and started to examine how these measures relate to demographic variables or other characteristics of individuals [Andrews and Withey (1976)]. The relationship between GDP and well-being likely depends on how rich a country is. As income increases it contributes little to overall well-being at low levels of GDP in poor country, since only a narrow segment of the population is benefiting directly. Moreover, as noted by Sen (2001) non-monetary benefits such as health and education that improve individual capabilities are often more important than income in poor countries. As the benefits of continued growth trickle down to a burgeoning middle class, social well-being rises dramatically [Torras (2008)]. It is in this context that a number of alternatives to GDP have been introduced. For example, the United Nations Development Programme’s (UNDP) human development index (HDI) uses GDP per capita to measure “access to economic resources” in well-being assessments but accords it only one-third weight in determination of the level of human development. Although national income accounting measures may sometimes not agree with popular perceptions of trends in economic well-being, GDP per capita is one of the three main components of the HDI, whose objective is to indicate the capability of people “to lead a long and healthy life, to acquire knowledge and to have access to resources needed for a decent standard of living” [Osberg and Andrew (2005)].
Price-setting for Residential Water: Estimation of Water Demand in Lahore
Authors: Tamkinat Rauf  , M.Wasif Siddiqi
Published: September 2018

The population of Lahore has roughly doubled over the past twenty years, and an increase of two million is expected by the year 2020 [UN (2005)]. This has important implications for city planning as demand for housing, electricity, water, sanitation, public health, education, and infrastructure grows accordingly. Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA), the city’s official water supplier, has often responded to the growing demand by offering the supply-side solution: augmenting supply capacity by exploiting new water resources.1 Such investments are costly, but in view of the public good nature of water, WASA has kept tariffs well below the costrecovery level, relying on heavy loans and subsidies. While this arrangement may have worked in the past, it is now becoming increasingly unsustainable, because (1) WASA is facing severe financial constraints and which has led to poor service and underinvestment, and (2) the environmental cost of extracting water is increasing. With its low tariff rates and continually increasing costs, the WASA Lahore is unable to meet even its operation and management (O&M) costs [WASA (2007)]. WASA has been receiving financial assistance from the provincial and Lahore district governments as well as international donors in the form of grants and loans with the grant element gradually diminishing over the passage of time. In 2007, WASA currently owed Rs 5.6 billion to these agencies [WASA (2007)]. Deteriorating financial situation has also led to short-term planning, reactive operational strategy, and underinvestment in asset maintenance, future capacity, IT equipment, management and accounting information system, and training [IFC (2005)]. Consequently, WASA has shown suboptimal performance: low pressure and irregular supply, leakages, poor customer service, etc.
The Relative City Price Convergence in Pakistan: Empirical Evidence from Spatial GLS
Authors: Hasan Muhammad Mohsin  , Scott Gilbert
Published: September 2018

It is evident from general experience that price of same good may differ considerably among countries, regions, cities in same country and even adjacent shopping malls and outlets. It is also common knowledge that stronger competitive forces and information about market price tend to ensure convergence of prices. In the presence of these forces price differentials cannot be persistent and are hence short lived. The recent literature on price convergence has focused on country studies using regional commodity prices and Consumer Price Index (CPI) data.1 The analysis of relative prices or real exchange rates between regions or cities in a country has certain advantages in estimating Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) puzzle. There are no trade barriers and non tradable goods in a single country. Krugman and Obstfeld (2007) consider transportation costs, trade barriers and goods market segmentations as obstacles to hold international Ppp.Furthermore they mention that countries have different endowments, baskets of goods and consumption weights in their inflation index. So PPP may not hold even if there are no non tradable goods and barriers. The PPP theory is related to the law of one price through arbitrage of international goods. The estimation of real exchange rates among countries shows that the convergence towards PPP is very slow.2 This study attempts to use overall Consumer Price Index (CPI) data on 35 Pakistani cities from July 2001 to June 2008 to estimate relative city price convergence with Karachi and Lahore, two numeraire cities. The case of Pakistan is interesting primarily due to the following reasons.
Expenditure-Growth Nexus:Does the Source of Finance Matter? Empirical Evidence from Selected South Asian Countries
Authors: Muhammad Iftikhar Ul Husnain
Published: September 2018

Government can generate revenues to finance its expenditure in three major ways i.e., taxes, bonds and seigniorage.1 Interestingly, public expenditure financed through different sources affect growth differently. Which source of finance is less distortionary? is a question that has attracted great attention over the years. However, no consensus is available on the relative importance of the financing source. The prominent work on this issue relates to Miller and Russek (1997) who provide a detailed discussion over the relative importance of tax financed and debt financed increases in government expenditure in terms of economic growth and report that the results vary considerably as the source of finance differs.2 Similarly, Bose, Holman and Neanidis (2005) compare the effect of tax financed and seigniorage financed increases in public expenditure on economic growth.3 Likewise, Palivos and Yip (1995) analyse the effects of tax financed and money financed government consumption expenditure on economic growth and social welfare within a framework of endogenous growth model. Latter, in another study Espinosa-Vega and Yip (1999) study the effects of money financed and tax financed increases in government consumption expenditure on inflation and economic growth.
Reformed GST: Challenges and Opportunities (PANEL DISCUSSION-II)
Authors: Abrar Ahmad Khan
Published: September 2018

Reformed GST as you know is a law which we have introduced in National Assembly. Its main features are that we are proposing minimum exemptions because our present law gives lot of exemptions. The second basic thing is about zero rating. Presently we have zero rated even domestic supplies for five exports sectors and even others sectors also. We are restricting zero rating for exports only and for domestic supplies it will be taxable. The third major thing is that we are increasing registration threshold from Rs 5 million to Rs 7.5 million. This proposal will spare smaller tax payers from incurring the compliance cost related to keeping of records and filing of returns. Then the fourth major change in the new law is that buyers have to give their CNIC or NTN to the sellers. This provision will help in keeping smaller taxpayer outside tax net and bringing bigger ones in tax net. Then there are lot of distortions in the existing law in the form of special schemes and fixed tax schemes. These schemes will not be part of the new law. The new law has been discussed in Senate’s Finance Committee where there have been objections about certain provisions which have been considered as very harsh and government has promised to consider softening them.
The Value of Reduced Risk of Injury and Deaths in Pakistan—Using Actual and Perceived Risk Estimates
Authors: Muhammad Rafiq  , Mir Kalan Shah
Published: September 2018

Different safety measures adopted by governments across the globe require the estimates of willingness to pay of the people to swap wealth for a reduction in the probability of death and injury. The approximation of these trade-offs are employed in assessing the cost-benefit analysis of environmental issues, public safety measures on highways and roads, medical treatments, and many other areas. Economists term a trade-off between money and fatality risks as the Value of a Statistical Life (VSL). The Value of Statistical Life and Limb is generally predicted using one of the three main approaches. The first is by the compensating wage differentials that workers must be paid to take riskier jobs [Viscusi and Aldy (2003)]. The second approach examines other behaviours where people weigh costs against risks [Blomquist (2004)] and the third is through contingent valuation surveys where respondents report their willingness to pay (WTP) to obtain a specified reduction in mortality risks. The VSL is then obtained by dividing the WTP by the risk reduction being valued [Alberini (2005)].
Empowering States and Provinces or Unshackling Local Governments: Does It Matter for Peace, Order, Good Government, and Growth? (The Gustav Ranis Lecture)
Authors: Anwar Shah
Published: September 2018

Globalisation and the information revolution are profoundly influencing the division of power within, across, and beyond nation-states. Within nations, this mega change has led to a diminished economic relevance of the intermediate order of government (states and provinces) and an enhanced need for home rule (empowered local governments) in both unitary and federal countries. Considerations of peace, order, and good government further warrant that intermediate orders of governments must assume a relatively less prominent role in multi-order governance. The recent fiscal crisis and the ever-growing concern about corruption have further heightened the need to the get the government right, thereby creating additional pressures to limit the size of the government by possibly downsizing the role of the states/provinces and reconstituting these as provincial councils of local governments to perform inter-local functions and coordination. These economic imperatives, calling for an hourglass model of federalism, are at odds with the political realties in countries conforming to the traditional dual federalism model, i.e., federalism of the provinces model of economic governance as prevalent in Australia, India, Mexico, and Pakistan, among others. The political order in these latter countries has blocked local governments from assuming their due role as the primary agents of the people providing oversight on the shared rule and as facilitators for network governance to improve the economic and social outcomes. Such a role of local government is also critical to international competitiveness and growth as demonstrated by the experiences of China, Japan, Korea, and the Nordic countries. This paper outlines reform options for multi-order governance to conform with the new world economic order. The paper elaborates the role of local governments under ‘glocalised governance’—the new vision of multi-order governance—and argues that growth and economic prosperity of nations in the coming decades would critically depend on how quickly political and institutional impediments to the new (or the oldest?) paradigm of local governance are overcome. The paper concludes that path dependency makes such radical reforms infeasible in countries with strong provincial governments run by feudal, military, and industrial elites.
Estimating the Middle Class in Pakistan
Authors: Durr-E-Nayab
Published: September 2018

The middle class is primarily an urban phenomenon generally associated with professional occupations, service sector and salaried jobs. Yet despite a general acceptance of the important economic, political and social role that the middle class plays in society, the term itself remains ambiguous and arbitrary. In much of recent literature the middle class is equated with middle income which does not reflect what „class‟ refers to in classical writings. The present paper takes a multidimensional approach to measure the middle class in Pakistan through a weighted composite index that takes into account all possible factors associated with the concept, including income, occupation, education, housing and lifestyle. Using the Pakistan Social and Living Measurement Survey (PSLM) 2007-08, the magnitude of the middle class in the country, as represented by the „expanded middle class‟, is estimated at around 35 percent of the total population. The proposed measure of the middle class has a sense of stability attached to it, making it less susceptible to sudden inflationary shocks than an income-based measure. JEL classification: Z13, R20, A14 Keywords: Pakistan, Middle Class, Multidimensional
Keri Facer. Learning Future, Education, Technology and Social Change. Routledge Publications, 2011. 192 pages. US$ 44.95.
Authors: Zain Rafique
Published: September 2018

Learning Future, Education, Technology and Social Change by Keri Facer is an informative book drawing on over 10 years of research on digital technologies, social change and education. The writer makes a compelling argument for thinking differently about the future for which education might need to prepare. Packed with case studies from around the world, the book helps to bring into focus the risks and opportunities for societies and for schooling over the coming two decades. Most people recognise that current education systems are not meeting the needs of individuals and ‘society’ and several books have been written on the future of education. In this context, Keri Facer investigates the scenario of education, technology and social change over the coming two decades by considering nine assumptions about socio-technological change. These include that in next 20 years there would be significantly increased computing and communication at a distance will be taken for granted by the large majority of people. Moreover, working and living alongside sophisticated machines and networks will increasingly be taken for granted and biosciences will produce unpredictable breakthroughs and important new stories about us. Population is ageing globally and energy, mineral resources and climate warming will remain significant issues. And finally we will be facing radical national and global inequalities.
Bashir Ahmad Khilji. Sixty Years of Human Resource Development in Pakistan. Government of Pakistan, Higher Education Commission, Pakistan. Islamabad: HEC Printing Press. 2011. 283 pages. Price not given.
Authors: Rashida Haq
Published: September 2018

Human resource development (HRD) occupies a central position in the advancement of a society. It is obvious from the historical experience of industrialised countries that developing human capacity is essential for a self-reliant and self-sustaining pattern of growth. Almost all Asian countries, including Pakistan, continue to search for additional appropriate strategies to respond to the rapid changes in the global economy. Unfortunately, despite registering a satisfactory rate of economic growth, Pakistan’s progress on the human front lags behind in terms of key indicators such as literacy, primary-level participation rate, basic health facilities, population welfare, water and sanitation, etc. Pakistan ranked 145th out of 179 countries in the world on the human development index in 2011.