bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FUNCIONALIDADE E RISCO AMBIENTAL DE QUEDAS EM IDOSOS ATENDIDOS PELA FISIOTERAPIA NO SERVIÇO DE ATENÇÃO DOMICILIAR
Authors: Santos Larissa Pina dos , Macedo Ana Carolina Brandt de , Motter Arlete Ana
Published: February 2025

O processo de envelhecer promove mudanças de aspecto funcional e estrutural no indivíduo, alcançando com o avançar da idade, respostas negativas que afetam a performance funcional e as habilidades motoras, fazendo com que os idosos frente às suas diferenças genéticas e ambientais, enfrentam o envelhecer de formas diversas, que podem resultar na redução da força muscular esquelética e declínio das atividades de vida diária, por meio da diminuição da tolerância ao esforço (Rodrigues et al., 2018; Costa et al., 2019; Tozin e Navega, 2018). Nesse sentido, associado ao envelhecimento, têm-se a ocorrência das doenças crônicas e degenerativas, ocasionadas pelo declínio de vários sistemas corporais, os quais reduzem a habilidade física do idoso, tornando-o mais dependente e reduzindo seu envelhecer ativo, o que por sua vez, implica no aumento da morbimortalidade e de sua vulnerabilidade a internações, sobrecarregando economicamente o sujeito, a família e o sistema de saúde (Silva et al., 2019; Pinheiro, Brandão e Silva, 2020). Assim, verifica-se uma provável relação do padrão de multimorbidade no idoso com a sua funcionalidade envolvendo as atividades básicas de vida diária (ABVD) e as atividades instrumentais de vida diária (AIVD), podendo resultar em alterações envolvendo a relação mental-músculo-esquelética e o padrão cardiopulmonar do idoso refletindo em um possível declínio das habilidades de realizar as tarefas de auto-cuidado assim como em atividades mais complexas, que permeiam a capacidade cognitiva, a coordenação motora fina e tarefas que permitem a vida em comunidade estando estas relacionada às AIVD (Schimidt et al., 2020).
Delineation of Nickel Laterite Based on Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) Method at Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Ruslan Arya Raihan Nugroho , Yatini Yatini , Wicaksono Muhammad Arief
Published: February 2025

Fulfillment of nickel laterite needs for various industrial purposes has become a government plan that must be realized immediately. The sustainability of the nickel laterite supply is the main reason for increasing exploration activities in various nickel laterite-producing areas in Indonesia. Nickel laterite explorations have been carried out in several areas, one of which is in Pomalaa District, Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. The ERT (Electrical Resistivity Tomography) method combined with drilling and geochemical data is very suitable for delineating nickel laterite in the subsurface in three blocks. The purpose of this study was to obtain the distribution of nickel laterite in the subsurface and analyze its characteristics. This study used the Wenner configuration and 19 exploration drill points with geochemical assay data. The results of the study showed that there were three zones based on their resistivity values, namely the saprolite zone with a low resistivity value (35 Î©m), the saprolitic rock to boulder zone with a medium resistivity value (35 - 65) Î©m, and the bedrock zone in the form of peridotite rocks with a relatively high level of serpentinization, fracture and weathering, with a high resistivity value ( 65 Î©m). For characterization, the research area is divided into three blocks, namely West, Central and East Block. West block has low Ni content (0.96%) for the saprolite zone and (0.32 - 1.27) % for the saprolitic rock zone, and high (1.65 - 3.24) % for the saprolite zone and (1.35 - 2.27) % for the saprolitic rock zone. In the Central block, the Ni content is low in the saprolite zone of (0.27 - 1.37) % and the saprolitic rock zone of (0.26 - 1.30) %. While in the East Block, the Ni content is low (0.48 - 1.25) % for the saprolite zone, (0.03 - 1.29) % for the saprolitic rock zone, and high (1.34 - 2.94) % for the saprolite zone and (1.31 - 2.84) % for the saprolitic rock zone.
Corporate accountability in global health governance? A case study of the Access to Medicine Index (Addendum)
Authors: Milsom Penelope , McCoy David
Published: February 2025

In October 2024, UNU-IIGH published an extensive analysis of the 2022 Access to Medicine Index (AtMI) and the underlying theory of how the Index promotes increasingly socially responsible corporate policies and practices over time. The analysis identified several limitations of 2022 AtMI. These included: data quality concerns about incomplete and reliable data; a lack of clarity about how data are translated into company scores for each indicator; the low standards against which companies are assessed; and the narrow scope of corporate conduct covered by the Index.
While noting some improvement in company performance particularly in relation to AtMI indicators assessing access to medicine policies (but also some practices), we also observed a lack of hard evidence that the Index has actually improved access to medicines and other products in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in any significant way, We also pointed to how the Index may inadvertently undermine efforts to regulate pharmaceutical companies and thus paradoxically work against the public interest. This analysis is available here.
Soon after publishing our analysis, the Access to Medicines Foundation (AtMF) published its ninth iteration of the AtMI in November 2024[1] based on a modified and updated methodology. This Addendum assesses the differences between the 2022 and 2024 Index methodology and comments on whether the limitations of the AtMI identified in our initial analysis of the 2022 report remain valid. Here, we first describe how the 2024 Index compares to 2022 Index. In doing so, we conclude that the 2024 Index has been modestly improved by the introduction of new ‘patient reach’ indicators which has strengthened the assessment of whether companies are transparent about their methods for
calculating and reporting improvements in patient reach. Further, the revisions made to some of the existing indicators have mostly resulted in a minimal or marginal strengthening of the standards against which companies are assessed, although in a few instances the bar appears to have been actually lowered. More importantly, the fundamental concerns and problems identified with the 2022 Index remain with the 2024 Index.
Design of Population Information System based on WEB In Pasirkaliki Village, Cimahi City
Authors: Minah Jaya Suhana
Published: February 2025

Pasirkaliki Village is one of the government agencies located in North Cimahi District, Cimahi City, that requires an information system for the right solution in disseminating information both for the Pasirkaliki community itself and for other wider communities. One of the information that must be conveyed to the Pasirkaliki community is information about population data, especially in terms of the number of residents, number of births, number of deaths, number of residents who moved, number of migrants, and the number of low-income families living in Pasirkaliki sub-district., While the information that can be conveyed to other wider communities is about the number of residents, the number of disadvantaged residents, and data about the population of Pasirkaliki sub- district. The information system in Pasirkaliki Village has been manually, namely through handwriting, and stored in a book so that it has the risk of being lost, forgotten, and damaged. Data handling like this makes the level of data security less, and time processing data are inefficient. With the information system, it will make it easier for village employees to store population data so that existing risks can be minimized. And with a population information system, Pasirkaliki Village can convey information about population data to the community and agencies that need it.
Beam Measurements of Full Stokes Parameters for the FAST L-band 19-beam Receiver
Authors: Chen Xunzhou , Ching Tao-Chung , Li Di , Heiles Carl , Robishaw Timothy , Du Xuan , Krco Marko , Jiang Peng , Yang Qingliang , Lu Jiguang
Published: February 2025

The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) has been fully operational since 2020 January 11. We present a comprehensive analysis of the beam structure for each of the 19 feed horns on FAST's L-band receiver across the Stokes I, Q, U, and V parameters. Using an on-the-fly mapping pattern, we conducted simultaneous sky mapping using all 19 beams directed toward polarization calibrators J1407+2827 and J0854+2006 from 2020 to 2022. Electromagnetic simulations were also performed to model the telescope's beam patterns in all Stokes parameters. Our findings reveal a symmetrical Gaussian pattern in the Stokes I parameter of the central beam without strong sidelobes, while the off-center beams exhibit significant asymmetrical shapes that can be fitted using a combination of log-normal and Gaussian distributions. The inner beams have higher relative beam efficiencies and smaller beam sizes compared to those of the outer beams. The sidelobes of the inner beams contribute approximately 2% of the total flux in the main lobe, increasing to 5% for outer beams, with a peak at 6.8%. In Stokes U, a distinct four-lobed cloverleaf beam squash structure is observed, with similar intensity levels in both inner and outer beams. In Stokes V, a two-lobed beam squint structure is observed in the central beam, along with a secondary eight-lobed structure. The highest squint peak in Stokes V is about 0.3% of the Stokes I in the outer beams. These results align closely with the simulations, providing valuable insights for the design of radio multibeam observations.
Could the Neutrino Emission of TXS 0506+056 Come from the Accretion Flow of the Supermassive Black Hole?
Authors: Yang Qi-Rui , Liu Ruo-Yu , Wang Xiang-Yu
Published: February 2025

High-energy neutrinos from the blazar TXS 0506+056 are usually thought to arise from the relativistic jet pointing to us. However, the composition of jets of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), whether they are baryon dominated or Poynting flux dominated, is largely unknown. In the latter case, no comic rays and neutrinos would be expected from the AGN jets. In this work, we study whether the neutrino emission from TXS 0506+056 could be powered by the accretion flow of the supermassive black hole. Protons could be accelerated by magnetic reconnection or turbulence in the inner accretion flow. To explain the neutrino flare of TXS 0506+056 in the years 2014–2015, a super-Eddington accretion is needed. During the steady state, a sub-Eddington accretion flow could power a steady neutrino emission that may explain the long-term neutrino flux from TXS 0506+056. We consider the neutrino production in both magnetically arrested accretion (MAD) flow and the standard and normal evolution (SANE) regime of accretion. In the MAD scenario, due to a high magnetic field, a large dissipation radius is required to avoid the cooling of protons and secondary pions.
Short-period Small Planets with High Mutual Inclinations are More Common around Metal-rich Stars
Authors: Hua Xinyan , Wang Sharon Xuesong , An Dongsheng , Wang Songhu , Huang Yang , Chen Dichang , Buchner Johannes , Zhu Wei , Dai Fei , Xie Jiwei
Published: February 2025

We present a correlation between the stellar metallicities and the mutual inclinations of multiplanet systems hosting short-period small planets (a/R
⋆ < 12, R

p
 < 4 R
⊕). We analyzed 89 multiplanet systems discovered by Kepler, K2, and TESS, where the innermost planets have periods shorter than 10 days. We found that the mutual inclinations of the innermost two planets are higher and more diverse around metal-rich stars. The mutual inclinations are calculated as the absolute differences between the best-fit inclinations of the innermost two planets from transit modeling, which represent the lower limits of the true mutual inclinations. The mean and variance values of the mutual inclination distribution of the metal-rich systems are 3

.

°

1 ± 0.5 and 3

.

°

1 ± 0.4, while for the metal-poor systems they are 1

.

°

3 ± 0.2 and 1

.

°

0 ± 0.2. This finding suggests that inner planetary systems around metal-rich stars are dynamically hotter. We summarized the theories that could plausibly explain this correlation, including the influence of giant planets, higher solid densities in protoplanetary disks around metal-rich stars, or secular chaos coupled with an excess of angular momentum deficits. Planet formation and population synthesis models tracking the mutual inclination evolution would be essential to fully understand this correlation.
Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic relationships of Thinouia (Sapindaceae), a neotropical genus
Authors: Medeiros Herison , Acevedo-Rodríguez Pedro , de Carvalho Lopes Jenifer , Forzza Rafaela Campostrini
Published: February 2025

A taxonomic revision of Thinouia (Sapindaceae) is presented, including typification and descriptions for all accepted species. Phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data confirm that the genus is monophyletic and suggest two main clades with T. cazumbensis sister to the other species of the genus. Thirteen species of Thinouia are accepted, including a new species from Amazonia. The genus is distributed across continental tropical America, with its highest diversity found in South America. Its species can be distinguished by morphological details of leaves, indumentum, inflorescences, flowers, and fruits. We present a comprehensive review of the morphology and geographical distribution of the genus, along with an identification key, distribution maps, conservation risk assessments, illustrations, and comments on the ecology and taxonomy for all species, gathered from the literature and fieldwork.
Orobanche andryalae (Orobanchaceae): a new species from the Canary Islands
Authors: Thorogood Chris J. , Hernández González Matías , Rumsey Fred J. , Reyes-Betancort Jorge Alfredo
Published: February 2025

A new species of Orobanche is described from the Canary Islands. The plant belongs to the complicated Subsection Minores and has a distinct combination of morphological features, ecology, and host specificity. The markedly cernuous corolla, high filament insertion and colouration distinguishes Orobanche andryalae from closely related species with which it has been previously confused, and which do not occur in the Canary Islands, including O. amethystea subsp. castellana and O. calendulae; these features remain stable in cultivation. Orobanche andryalae appears to be parasitic almost exclusively on Andryala spp., and occurs on thermophilus volcanic substrates in northern Lanzarote, northwest Tenerife and Jandía in Fuerteventura. An updated key to the Orobanche of the Canary Islands is presented, including the new taxon we describe here.
Réalisation, lecture et interprétation morphologique des adénogrammes et empreintes ganglionnaires
Authors: Lobos Germán , Lesesve J.-F. , Maloum Karim , Freynet N. , Goustille Julien , Lafon C. , Feutrie Michel , Settegrana C. , Ronez Emily , Rieu J.-B. , Tsikplonou M. , Almire C. , Bouyer Sabrina , Debliquis Agathe , Duroyon Eugénie , Ly-Sunnaram B. , Mayeur-Rousse Caroline , Osman J. , Raffenot D. , Wagner-Ballon O. , Bordet P.
Published: February 2025

La « cytologie ganglionnaire » recouvre l’observation au microscope optique des étalements de ponction (« adénogramme ») et des appositions de section (« empreintes ») de biopsies, après coloration standard (May-Grünwald Giemsa). Elle est pratiquée dans la plupart des laboratoires d’hématologie d’hôpitaux ayant une activité importante, mais aussi dans ceux d’établissements de soins plus petits, du fait d’habitudes locales. Une enquête ouverte du Groupe Francophone d’Hématologie Cellulaire (GFHC), réalisée en 2019, a obtenu 39 réponses. Elle a permis de proposer des recommandations dans le but d’homogénéiser les pratiques : connaissance et maîtrise des étapes pré-analytiques, encouragement à associer aux frottis le recueil de suc ganglionnaire ou d’un fragment de ganglion pour des investigations complémentaires (en particulier par cytométrie en flux) et incitation à une concertation avec les autres intervenants (cytométrie, histologie, génétique). Une interprétation par un lecteur expérimenté reste nécessaire, certains diagnostics influant sur la prise en charge du patient. Pour l’accréditation, il est conseillé de présenter la cytologie ganglionnaire dans la même ligne de portée que le myélogramme, en insistant sur l’analyse de risque. En l’absence d’évaluation externe de la qualité (EEQ) disponible, les échanges de frottis entre laboratoires sont préconisés. Enfin, le GFHC va tenter de relancer la formation pour cette analyse, les échanges entre laboratoires concernés et la mise en place d’exercices de qualité.
A framework for facility layout problem characterization in a bi-directional logistics context
Authors: Vintimilla Alvarez Paola , Alarcón Valero Faustino
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This paper aims to propose a framework to define the facility layout problem (FLP) in a bi-directional logistics (BL) context, specifically highlighting the main factors that enterprises must consider when reverse flow is introduced in forward logistics (FL).Design/methodology/approach: A characterization of the problem is proposed based on outstanding works that define similar problems in the bibliography and main characteristics identification in FLP through a bibliographic review. Aspects to consider for BL are distinguished and classified.Findings: Research findings indicate that BL is an unexplored term. There are no articles that connect BL with FLP, there is an unaddressed gap.Research limitations/implications: Founded articles refer to reverse logistics (RL) characteristics the ones about BL.Practical implications: Academic and practical implications of this article include understanding the importance of FLP in the BL context, identifying the impact of factors such as material, machinery, labour, among others.Originality/value: This article proposes an opening to study the impact of BL in the FLP for enterprises.
Mobilidade rural‑urbana e desigualdades étnico‑raciais e de Gênero no Acesso ao Auxílio Emergencial durante Governo Bolsonaro
Authors: Lima de Moraes Lorena , Sampaio Sieber Shana , Mascarenhas Fonseca Barreto Rebeca , Macedo Teles de Pontes Nicole Louise , Vieira Barros Tatiane
Published: February 2025

A má distribuição de renda no Brasil dificulta o acesso aos direitos básicos, levando parte da população a viver em situação de vulnerabilidade social, especialmente nas regiões Nordeste e Norte. A pandemia de Covid-19 evidenciou essas discrepâncias, expressas pela dificuldade de deslocamento para acesso às políticas emergenciais, como o auxílio emergencial (AE). O isolamento social agravou os prejuízos econômicos e, embora o AE tenha amenizado essa situação, a dificuldade de acessá-lo evidenciou os desafios de mobilidade das populações rurais. Este artigo visa discutir as questões de gênero e as desigualdades socioespaciais vivenciadas por mulheres nordestinas de comunidades tradicionais e da agricultura familiar do Nordeste, considerando a mobilidade como elemento central para o acesso efetivo ao AE. Para isto, entrevistamos 74 mulheres que destacaram a mobilidade rural-urbana como entrave ao acesso às políticas sociais, além do risco de contaminação pelo coronavírus. Concluímos que o descaso do governo federal com populações pobres, rurais, negras e mulheres de cidades interioranas, configurou-se sob a égide de uma violência de Estado.
Genre et mobilité rurale-urbaine : une analyse de l’aide d’urgence durant le gouvernement Bolsonaro
Authors: Lima de Moraes Lorena , Sampaio Sieber Shana , Mascarenhas Fonseca Barreto Rebeca , Macedo Teles de Pontes Nicole Louise , Vieira Barros Tatiane
Published: February 2025

La mauvaise répartition des revenus au Brésil rend difficile l’accès aux droits fondamentaux, conduisant une partie de la population à vivre dans une situation de vulnérabilité sociale, notamment dans les régions du Nordeste et du Nord. La pandémie de Covid-19 a mis en évidence ces écarts, exprimés par la difficulté de se déplacer pour accéder aux politiques d’urgence, comme l’aide d’urgence (AU). L’isolement social a aggravé les pertes économiques et, bien que l’AU ait atténué cette situation, la difficulté d’y accéder a mis en évidence les défis de mobilité des populations rurales. Cet article vise à discuter des questions de genre et d’inégalités socio-spatiales vécues par les femmes du Nordeste issues des communautés traditionnelles et de l’agriculture familiale du Nordeste, en considérant la mobilité comme un élément central pour un accès effectif à l’AU. Pour ce faire, nous avons interrogé 74 femmes qui ont souligné la mobilité rurale-urbaine comme un obstacle à l’accès aux politiques sociales, en plus du risque de contamination par le coronavirus. Nous concluons que le mépris du gouvernement fédéral à l’égard des populations pauvres, rurales, noires et des femmes des villes rurales constitue une violence d’État.
La résistance féministe et agroécologique au gouvernement de Jair Bolsonaro
Authors: de Souza Moreira Sarah Luiza , Saori Sheyla , Siliprandi Emma
Published: February 2025

Cet article s’intéresse à l’impact du démantèlement des politiques publiques sous le gouvernement de Jair Bolsonaro (2018-2022, Brésil) sur la vie des femmes rurales ; présente des expériences locales de réseaux et de mouvements féministes et agroécologiques qui construisaient des stratégies de résistance pendant cette période et analyse comment ces mouvements se sont organisés pour affronter le gouvernement et contribuer par la suite à la reconstruction du pays. Les Réseau Agroécologique des Femmes Agricultrices et Réseau Semences Agroécologiques sont présentés, ainsi que les stratégies politiques de la Marche Mondiale des Femmes, du Groupe de Femmes de l’Articulation Nationale d’Agroécologie, et de la Marche des Margaridas. L’article conclut sur le fait que, outre le processus de résistance, ces articulations ont été fondamentales pour réaffirmer la centralité des femmes rurales en tant que sujets politiques dans la reconstruction du pays, d’un point de vue populaire et féministe.
Time-Experience and the Limits of Objectification: Remarks on the Phenomenological Implications of Hermann Weyl’s Treatment of the Intuitive Continuum
Authors: Marchegiani Giulio
Published: February 2025

The paper focuses on providing a mathematical
expression for the intuitive continuum of space and time, tracing some
significant stages of Hermann Weyl’s thinking on the subject from the
standpoint of its relations to Husserl’s phenomenology. While Weyl and
Husserl both recognise the irreducibility of a subjective point of
reference, their agreement in recognising the central role of
intuitive experience is also striking. The failure of Weyl’s attempt
in Das Kontinuum (1918) to provide a
mathematical formulation for the intuitive continuum, due to the
recognition of a radical heterogeneity between the fluid character of
the latter and the mathematical continuum, is taken into account. In
the subsequent intuitionistic-Brouwerian period, however, Weyl
develops a formal scheme based on the part-whole relation that is
capable of capturing the dynamic character of the intuitive continuum,
in which individual elements become simple boundaries. In this
context, the relations between Weyl’s conception of the continuum and
Husserlian analyses of time are discussed.
Critical Language Pedagogy
Authors: Palacios-Hidalgo Francisco Javier
Published: February 2025

Critical Language Pedagogy has revolutionized language education by integrating critical theory and social justice. It arises from the recognition of the intertwined nature of language and power, promoting an educational method that transcends mere linguistic competence to emphasize critical thinking and social consciousness. Considering this, this chapter delves into the transformative paradigm of Critical Language Pedagogy, elucidating its theoretical foundations and practical applications. Drawing from critical pedagogical theories and linguistic scholarship, the chapter explains how Critical Language Pedagogy can help challenge dominant discourses, dismantle linguistic hierarchies, and cultivate inclusive learning environments. Moreover, the chapter describes two other teaching and learning approaches that rely on Critical Language Pedagogy, Socially and Culturally Responsive Language Teaching and English for Social Purposes and Cooperation, both of which advocate for linguistic diversity, equity, and social change in language education.
Promoting Critical Language Teacher Education Through Critical Language Pedagogy and Critical Tasks
Authors: Kasten Catarina , Farias Priscila Fabiane
Published: February 2025

As an attempt to aid future-teachers in reflexive work by posing their future roles from a critical perspective, a critical task cycle (Farias & Silva, 2021) was implemented in an English language teaching program at a federal university in the South of Brazil, which will be reported in this chapter. This way, this piece is concerned with the results and discussion of the study in question (Kasten, 2022) that aimed at unveiling participants' development throughout the implementation of the cycle. Therefore, each of the stages of the cycle implementation will be analyzed in accordance with the chosen literature. Considering the results, it seems that the material has the potential to foster the development of complex critical concepts, enabling contact with critical teaching theories and reorganization of beliefs concerning the concepts of language, teaching and learning.
Decolonizing Language Learning
Authors: Asrifan Andi , Panggua Selvi , Yusmah Yusmah , Hasan Silvana M. , Octaberliana Like Raskova , Sulaeman Sulaeman , Kartini Kartini
Published: February 2025

This chapter examines language education's historical and current power relations to discuss decolonizing language learning. It shows how colonial histories have forced underprivileged groups to speak English, eroding their linguistic and cultural identity. The chapter challenges linguistic hierarchies to promote social justice and linguistic variety in language education. Critical Language Pedagogy examines how language training reinforces or challenges social inequality. Creating a more fair language education system requires including indigenous languages and knowledge systems, tackling linguistic hegemony, and developing alternative evaluation methodologies. It requires a future-focused approach that prioritizes social justice, equity, and undoing colonial legacies in language learning.
Análise do ensino de Física no ensino médio: perspectivas dos alunos e práticas pedagógicas
Authors: Santos Mônica dos , Motta Darlan Duvoizem , Santos Danilo Sande
Published: February 2025

Este artigo analisa o ensino de Física no ensino médio a partir da perspectiva dos alunos, buscando compreender como suas percepções podem contribuir para melhorias pedagógicas. A relevância dessa pesquisa reside na necessidade de identificar fatores que impactam o interesse dos estudantes e, consequentemente, seu desempenho, dado que a Física é frequentemente vista como uma disciplina de difícil compreensão e baixa aplicabilidade. A investigação foi fundamentada teoricamente em abordagens construtivistas da educação, que valorizam a participação ativa dos alunos no processo de aprendizagem e a contextualização dos conteúdos científicos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionários aplicados em quatro turmas do terceiro ano do ensino médio, abrangendo tanto instituições públicas quanto privadas de Goioerê/PR. Para a análise dos dados, foi empregada uma metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa, combinando estatísticas descritivas com a análise de respostas discursivas dos estudantes. Os resultados destacam a necessidade de metodologias inovadoras e contextualizadas para tornar o ensino de Física mais atrativo e eficaz.
[Use of a sensorized system in the selection of pelvic postural units in post-stroke patients]
Authors: Pelà Silvia , Capodaglio Edda , Ghezzi D. , Scanarotti S. , Rossetti V. , Panigazzi Monica
Published: February 2025

The recording of pressure and shear forces during the sitting posture in a wheelchair is important for verifying or guiding the choice of postural units for the pelvis of patients in rehabilitation. The use of a sensorized mattress during dynamic tests with patients provides objective data that can be easily interpreted by the doctor and the occupational therapist and helps in the decision of the functionally best solution. The present study concerns the choice of the pelvic postural unit, based on objective, subjective and clinical-functional data, for three post-stroke patients.
[Protection against occupational risks and health promotion: the global dimension of occupational medicine for better prevention]
Authors: Enrico Pira, Giovanna Spatari Guest Editors:
Published: February 2025

Not available.
Addressing systemic racism in South Africa: A missio-public theological perspective
Authors: Nanthambwe Patrick
Published: February 2025

Thirty years after the end of apartheid, South Africa continues to grapple with the deep-seated challenge of systemic racism. Despite significant strides towards equality, racial disparities persist in various sectors, impacting access to education, healthcare and economic opportunities. This enduring legacy of apartheid underscores the urgent need for effective interventions that transcend policy reform and tackle the social and cultural foundations of racial bias. This article argues that when integrated with missional engagement, public theology offers a transformative framework for addressing racism in South Africa. As a discipline concerned with the interplay between faith and societal issues, public theology invites the church to participate actively in social justice, promoting reconciliation and inclusivity within diverse communities. By embracing its prophetic role, the church can contribute to dismantling racial prejudice through dialogue, advocacy and grassroots actions that resonate with faith communities and the broader public. The missional approach within public theology emphasises the church’s calling to serve society, not merely as a religious entity but as a beacon of hope and justice. Through intentional acts of service, solidarity and community empowerment, mission-focussed public theology can expose and confront systemic inequalities. This approach seeks to raise awareness and encourage ethical practices, shaping a national ethos that values and upholds human dignity. Ultimately, this study posits that a missio-public theology approach can foster a cohesive strategy for addressing the persistent issue of racism, paving the way for a more equitable and reconciled South African society.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The article contributes to theology’s role in addressing South Africa’s challenges by presenting a practical framework for tackling systemic racism through public theology and missiology. It highlights the church’s transformative, prophetic and reconciliatory role, enriching scholarly discourse on theology’s engagement with societal issues. This perspective fosters interdisciplinary approaches to addressing social justice in South Africa and beyond.
Retinal Vascular Tumors
Authors: Al-Etr Salma F. , Khattab Ayman M. , Macky Tamer A. , Salah Shaymaa Hassan , El-Agha Mohamed-Sameh H. , Hamza Hany S. , El Qadi Layla
Published: February 2025

Intraocular retinal vascular tumors represent main four distinct entities, which include retinal capillary hemangioma, retinal cavernous hemangioma, retinal vasoproliferative tumor, and as well as retinal arteriovenous communications (Wyburn-Mason syndrome). Choroidal hemangiomas whether circumscribed or diffuse are among retinal vascular tumors presentation. In this review article, these entities will be discussed in detail with emphasis on recent updates in the diagnosis and management. To select the best treatment option, it is very important to identify the clinical signs including the exact site, the size of the tumor, and as well as any vision-threatening complications. Different treatment modalities include cryotherapy, argon laser photocoagulation, transpupillary thermotherapy, brachytherapy, or external beam irradiation.
Phacomatoses
Authors: Abdelkader Mai A. , Khattab Ayman M. , El-Agha Mohamed-Sameh H. , El-Helw Mostafa A. , Macky Tamer A. , Hassanein Dina H. , Meqdad Yasmine A.
Published: February 2025

Phacomatoses are a diverse group of illnesses with varying patterns of inheritance. Although the central nervous system is the primary target of these disorders, they can also affect the skin, viscera, eye, and other connective tissues, with varying clinical presentations. Nowadays, there are currently over 30 entities in this group. In our review, we will demonstrate the hereditary pattern, systemic and ocular features, and as well as diagnostic criteria of the most common phacomatosis syndromes.
Dimethyl fumarate improves nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2-mediated antioxidant response to ameliorate functional and molecular deficits in experimental diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Jindam Amrutha , Kalvala Anil Kumar , Arruri Vijay Kumar , Das Sourav , Kumar Ashutosh
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVES:

In the present study, we tested the functional/pharmacological significance of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy (DN) in rats and high glucose-exposed Neuro2a (N2a) cells.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

To evaluate the pharmacological effects of DMF on diabetic neuropathy, we assessed behavioral and functional parameters of peripheral neuropathy, oxidative stress markers, and target protein expression using immunohistochemistry/immunocytochemistry, and Western blotting in diabetic rats and hyperglycemic N2a cells.

RESULTS:

Diabetic rats exhibited hyperalgesia, allodynia, and compromised sensory and motor nerve conduction velocities in comparison to normal rats. Dorsal root ganglias of diabetic rats showed decreased antioxidant levels and increased pro-inflammatory transcription factors such as nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 and nuclear factor-kappa B, alongside reduced expression of the heat shock protein (HSP) 90. Administering DMF to diabetic rats for 2 weeks reversed these effects in a dose-dependent manner. We observed significant compromise in mitochondrial function, indicated by reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased free radical levels, and compromised mitochondrial complex activities in N2a cells exposed to elevated glucose levels. Conversely, DMF treatment restored mitochondrial function and augmented mitochondrial biogenesis through the upregulation of PGC-1α and improved chaperone activity by increasing the expression of HSP 60 and HSP 70.

CONCLUSIONS:

Overall, DMF alleviated neurobehavioral deficits in DN rats and enhanced mitochondrial function and chaperone activity under hyperglycemic conditions in both diabetic rats and N2a cells.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of Kegel exercise among pregnant women in Abha, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Othman Lujain Mohammed Bin , AlHefdhi Hayfa A. , Mahmood Syed Esam , Alamer Shorouq Amer A. , Alnaami Fajr Abdulhadi , Alkedaisi Njoud Moghram Jaber , Alqahtani Maram Abdullah , Abdullah AL Omari Tahani Khalaf
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Kegel exercise or pelvic floor muscle exercise helps in improving the strength of the pelvic floor muscles and building up their function.

Objective:

To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of Kegel exercise among pregnant women in primary health care (PHC) setting in Abha City, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 370 pregnant women. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and P values were used to analyse the data.

Results:

Pregnant women with a higher level of education and an income of 5000 to 10000 SAR demonstrated a higher proportion of good practice. The presence of specific chronic diseases, such as psychiatric disorders and diabetes mellitus, was significantly associated with poor practice. Physicians were identified as the primary source of information about Kegel exercises, followed by social media and family/friends.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that education, income level, chronic diseases and the source of information play significant roles in the practice of Kegel exercises among pregnant women. Healthcare providers should provide comprehensive education and ensure equal access to resources for all pregnant women. Tailored support should be provided to women with chronic diseases, and healthcare professionals should actively discuss Kegel exercises during antenatal visits. The study emphasizes the importance of multidimensional approaches to promote the practice of Kegel exercises during pregnancy and enhance pelvic floor health.
Prevalence and risk factors of hemorrhoids in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mashbari Hassan , Iskander Othman , Alyahyawi Khalid , AlMarei Shahd O. , Maashi Afnan Q. , Mahnashi Mashael S. , Allami Maram Y. , Ageeli Fadiyah K. , Ashiri Asma M. , Homadi Jawahir M. , Thakir Mawaeed A. A. , Abujabir Ethar I.
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Hemorrhoids a prevalent anorectal disorder, have gained rising attention due to their impact on public health and quality of life. Despite their significance, limited research has addressed their prevalence and associated risk factors in the Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia. Thus, this study was designed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of hemorrhoids in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia, from January to June 2023. Encompassing both urban and rural areas, the study focused on individuals aged 18 and above, excluding those with communication difficulties, mental illness, or severe conditions. Employing random sampling, a sample size of 420 was determined to ensure representation, and participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. The analysis was performed using R version 4.2.3.

Results:

The study included 475 participants, predominantly females (72.57%), aged 25 to 44 (53.38%), with higher education (82.28%) and Saudi nationality (98.31%). Prevalence of hemorrhoids was 13.29%, with 5.27% external, 2.53% internal, and 0.21% thrombosed hemorrhoids. Constipation (OR: 2.28, P = 0.001) and family history (OR: 4.77, P < 0.001) were significant risk factors. Complications were reported by 5.70%, including ulceration (1.05%) and severe bleeding (1.05%). Social norms hindered treatment seeking for 55.49%. While age correlated (P = 0.002 and P = 0.003) with increased odds of hemorrhoids, gender, marital status, nationality, education, employment, smoking, exercise, and fiber intake showed no significant associations.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the study revealed a 13.2% prevalence of hemorrhoids mostly external underscoring the significance of factors such as constipation age group, fiber intake, and family history in increasing susceptibility.
Menstrual health practices among Tibetan women: An ethnographic participant observation study
Authors: Dhadwal Yukti , Kumar Ashok , Pandey Shri Ram
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Menstruation is a universal human experience, yet cultural narratives and societal attitudes around it differ greatly, impacting women’s and girls’ lives all around the world. It is often associated with shame and silence.

Objective:

This research study examines ethnographic data collected from Tibetan in-exile women in Himachal Pradesh, India. The study aims to explore the menstrual experiences, menstrual health, and hygiene management among Tibetan-in-exile women in Himachal Pradesh, India.

Methodology:

The data was collected from eleven participants through participant observation. All eleven participants were observed during their menstrual cycle period. Menstrual health observations were conducted and major insights were identified. Textual analysis using R-software was conducted to get results.

Results:

Tibetan women showed neutral to positive sentiments towards menstruation. Most participants reflected comfort and calmness through non-verbal communication and body language during their periods. They showcased responsible behaviour in the disposal of used sanitary products. Tibetan-in-exile women emphasized the need for privacy and space to manage hygiene during periods.
Clinical overview and characteristics of neonates from mothers confirmed with COVID-19 at Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital
Authors: Tobing Agustina Nurmala , Maemun Siti , Widiantari Aninda Dinar , Wijiarti Kunti , Marlina Rosa , Mariana Nina
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Pregnant women need special attention during emergencies and infectious disease outbreaks. Pregnancy is a standalone risk factor for the severity of COVID-19, heightening the vulnerability of both the mother and foetus. Neonatal admission, foetal distress, and low birth weight were correlated to the severity of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to provide a clinical overview and characteristics of neonates from mothers who were confirmed with COVID-19.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital (SSIDH) from March 2020 to December 2022. Inclusion criteria included pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who either gave birth in a hospital according to the regulations of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. All newborns were tested using RT-PCR SARS-COV-2 swab tests within 24 hours after birth. We used electronic medical records as a secondary source.

Result:

A total of 181 pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2, 103 (56.9%) gave birth, with 101 (98.1%) undergoing caesarean section. Of the 103 who gave birth, a small proportion of mothers with COVID-19 were aged <20 years or >35 years (29.13%) and had preterm deliveries (15.53%). All newborns born to SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers were alive. The severity of illness was associated with the first-minute and fifth-minute APGAR scores of newborns (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The severity of maternal COVID-19 impacts newborns’ 1-minute and 5-minute APGAR scores. Implementing a strict COVID-19 protocol effectively prevents neonatal infections.
Inflammatory biomarkers and adverse outcome in COVID-19: Prelude for future viral pandemics
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Yendamuri Sushma , Ahmad Faiz , Mukherjee Partha B , Kumar Ravi , Manrai Manish , Muthukrishnan J , Dawra Saurabh
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Dysregulated inflammatory response plays a key role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The role of inflammatory markers to predict adverse clinical outcome is still controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of inflammatory markers with disease outcomes independent of the effect of age and co-morbidities.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective analysis of COVID-19 patients admitted at a dedicated COVID center from July 2020 to Mar 2022. Clinical characteristics and inflammatory markers namely serum Ferritin levels, CRP, D-Dimer levels, serum LDH and IL-6 Levels were studied. The following outcome parameters were collected: disease severity at onset and outcome (discharge/death).

Results:

48.4% of the of 244 COVID-19 cases included had severe disease while 51.6% had moderate disease. Mean age was 61.3 ± 14.17 years and 71.7% were males. Primary Hypertension (48.4%) and Diabetes Mellitus (39.3%) were the most common co-morbidities. Increasing age, smoking, and alcohol consumption were associated with severe disease. CRP, D-dimer, and IL-6 were independent risk factors for disease severity while CRP, D dimer, LDH, Ferritin, and NLR (Neutrophil Lymphocyte ratio) were independent predictors of disease mortality. D-dimer was the most sensitive (95.8%) and specific (92.2%) marker to predict disease severity and serum LDH was the most sensitive (74.7%) to predict disease mortality at baseline.

Conclusion:

Measurement of inflammatory markers might assist clinicians in predicting disease severity and prognosis of COVID-19. This may serve as a benchmark to understand the role of inflammatory markers in other diseases associated with dysregulated inflammatory response.
Diagnostic accuracy of interleukin-6 as a biomarker for early prediction of severe acute pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kumar Shishir , Aziz Tarique , Kumar Rajendra , Kumar Pramod , Kumar Amit , Saha Avijit , Kumar Divakar , Niraj Mukesh Kumar
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas with varying severity. The mortality rate varies from 20% to 40% among severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine that involves various infections, inflammations, and systemic disorders. Injury to acinar cells leads to necrosis, releasing proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, which peaks earlier. The lack of extensive data regarding the association of IL-6 with AP influences us to do this meta-analysis for early detection and treatment of AP to prevent multiorgan failure.

Methods:

We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases for relevant articles published from inception to June 2024. We examined the positive and negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratios, and pooled sensitivity and specificity. We used the QUADAS-2 tool to evaluate the risk of bias.

Results:

This meta-analysis included 13 studies involving 1386 patients with AP, of which 343 had SAP and 1043 had mild and moderately severe AP. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 3.5 (95% CI 2.6 to 4.5) and 0.25 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.40). The diagnostic odds ratio of IL-6 to diagnose SAP is 14 (95% CI: 7 to 27), and the summary receiver operating characteristic curve is 0.85 (95% CI: 0.82–0.88).

Conclusion:

Based on the results of this meta-analysis, serum IL-6 is a promising biomarker for diagnosing SAP in the early stage. However, a larger-scale study involving a more extensive population is necessary due to the considerable variation between the studies.