bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pojęcie granicy jako klucz hermeneutyczny myślenia o polskiej historii
Authors: Lenart Mirosław
Published: November 2021

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie pojęcia granicy jako użytecznego odniesienia myślowego do zaprezentowania specyfiki myślenia o polskiej historii. Historyczne granice Polski pozwalają na wielorakie rekonstruowa- nie wpływów, choćby językowych, czy też wymiany kulturowej: od sztuki po zwyczaje, praktykowane w obrębie niewielkich czasem społeczności, zwłaszcza jeśli mówimy o organizacji państwowej charakteryzującej się wieloetnicznością. Ponadto dla ludzi myślących w języku polskim pojęcie granicy zakodowane zostało na przestrzeni dziejów w określeniach takich jak np.: „Polska od morza do morza”, „przedmurze chrześcijaństwa”, czy też „kresy”, co z trudnością napotyka odniesienia w umysłach zwykłych dokonywać operacji myślowych za pomocą słownictwa przypisanego do innych kodów kulturowych. Dodajmy jeszcze, że wszystkie wymienione wyżej pojęcia odnoszą się nie tylko do znaczeń ściśle związanych z określonym terytorium, ale mają swoją nośność emocjonalną, budowaną na wiedzy historycznej, przekazanej przede wszystkim w procesie kształcenia, uzupełnionego bagażem własnych doświadczeń nabytych za sprawą komunikowania się z otoczeniem. Autor, przywołując ustalenia historyków, polityków, a nawet liturgistów, ukazuje, jak bardzo pojęcie granicy związane jest z myśleniem w horyzoncie wartości, charakterystycznym dla polskiej kultury. W toku prowadzonych analiz przywołuje refleksje zaczerpnięte także z dzieł literackich o różnym charakterze: od utworu scenicznego Kontrakt Sławomira Mrożka, przez esej Jana Parandowskiego Polska leży nad Morzem Śródziemnym, po poezję Juliusza Słowackiego. Szczególne miejsce w przywołanych źródłach stanowią teksty związane z wojną i wojskowością, powstałe w kręgu literatury chrześcijańskiej. Dzięki temu ukazany został ciąg literackich obrazów służących przez stulecia wykształceniu polskich żołnierzy, dla których podręczniki życia duchowego pisali sławni kaznodzieje królewscy: Piotr Skarga, Mateusz Bembus czy Szymon Starowolski. Uchwycone zostało również powiązanie pomiędzy myśleniem o granicy a kulturą rycerską, w której broni się nie tylko jakiegoś terytorium, ale także określonych wartości. Szczególnym nawiązaniem do tego w polskiej kulturze jest wzorzec osobowy, określany jako miles christianus, stanowiący doskonałe połączenie idei walki duchowej, obecnej w kulturze monastycznej, z walką fizyczną w obronie chrześcijaństwa. Porównując ze sobą teksty z różnych dziedzin, autor wysnuwa istotne wnioski na temat charakteru polskiej religijności. W jej ukształtowaniu bardzo istotną rolę odegrała idea walki, a zwłaszcza obrona chrześcijaństwa. Dlatego też obecny model chrześcijaństwa, proponowany przez papieża Franciszka, w którym wszelka wojna i przemoc są odrzucone, nie spotyka się ze zrozumieniem wśród polskich katolików. Przyzwyczajeni do wizji Kościoła walczącego, z trudem utożsamiają się z nowym modelem eklezjologicznym, zdominowanym przez wizję Kościoła zwycięskiego, odrzucającego wszelkie bariery i podziały w świecie.
Etos rycerza – obrońcy Ojczyzny w rodzinie Tarnowskich z Dzikowa
Authors: Zych Tadeusz
Published: November 2021

Tarnowscy to jeden z najbardziej zasłużonych rodów w dziejach Rzeczypospolitej. Czasy ich świetności sięgają panowania Władysława Łokietka, kiedy to ich protoplasta Spycimir stał się jedną z najważniejszych postaci w państwie. W początkach XVI wieku, po utracie rodzinnego Tarnowa, założyli nowe gniazdo rodzinne w Dzikowie, gdzie trwali nieprzerwanie do 1944 roku. Dzieje Tarnowskich z Dzikowa to także historia ich służby na rzecz ojczyzny. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie, na przestrzeni wieków, charakteru tej służby, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem walki w obronie wolności Rzeczypospolitej. Wynikała ona z żywego w rodzinie etosu rycerskiego, dla którego modelem stała się postać hetmana Jana Amora Tarnowskiego. Postawa Tarnowskich, tak w okresie XIX-wiecznych narodowych zrywów niepodległościowych, jak też w czasie wojny 1920 roku oraz II wojny światowej, to przykład wierności temuż etosowi i własnej przeszłości. Artykuł oparty został na publikacjach dotyczących rodziny Tarnowskich oraz pojęcia etosu. W tym ostatnim chodziło li tylko o zdefiniowanie zjawiska. Wykorzystano także źródła archiwalne, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem źródeł rodzinnych, gdyż to one najpełniej, właśnie przez swoją subiektywność, ukazują ów stosunek kolejnych pokoleń Tarnowskich do swojego wielkiego przodka. Za pomocą krytycznej analizy źródeł i dostępnej literatury autor postawił tezę główną, iż pielęgnowany przez kolejne pokolenia swoisty „kult” hetmana Jana Tarnowskiego był imperatywem dla kolejnych pokoleń Tarnowskich w ich patriotycznych postawach. Ważnym wnioskiem wynikającym z tego artykułu jest to, że raz kolejny pozwala uświadomić sobie, jak wielkie jest znaczenie wiary, etosu rycerskiego oraz innych imponderabiliów w życiu tak jednostek, jak też zbiorowości.
Idea bojaźni Bożej oraz sprawczej roli Boga w wojsku polskim i litewskim w epoce wczesnonowożytnej
Authors: Łopatecki Karol
Published: November 2021

Artykuł analizuje rodzaj pobożności żołnierzy wczesnonowożytnych, który określany był jako „bojaźń Boża”. Zjawisko to wykształciło się w latach XVI wieku, a następnie było kultywowane przez dwa stulecia, w armii polskiej i litewskiej. Polegało ono na wierze w bezpośrednią ingerencję Boga podczas działań militarnych, która była uzależniona od postępowania żołnierzy. Naczelni dowódcy promowali taką wizję rzeczywistości, w której przestępstwa utożsamiane z grzechami wpływały na rezultat wojen lub starcia, a nawet decydowały o bezpieczeństwie samych żołnierzy. Czyny niemiłe Bogu miały powodować surową karę zsyłaną podczas walk, a pobożność i dobre zachowanie gwarantowały sukces. Analizę tego zagadnienia przeprowadzono na podstawie wydawanych przez naczelnych dowódców aktów normatywnych, zwanych artykułami wojskowymi, co uzupełniono analizą traktatów wojskowych. W pracy zaakcentowano, że promowali tę koncepcję wszyscy dowódcy – niezależnie od wyznania, byli to zarówno bracia polscy, luteranie, ewangelicy reformowani, jak i katolicy. Umieszczano je – co do zasady – na początku artykułów wojskowych jako arengę, stanowiącą podstawę obowiązywania przepisów prawa karnego. Wykazano, że połączenie „bojaźni Bożej” z prawem wojskowym miało racjonalne powody – zapewniało wyższą dyscyplinę i morale, co mogło przełożyć się na skuteczność prowadzonych działań wojennych. Wykorzystanie tej idei umożliwiało rozbicie solidaryzmu żołnierskiego i stworzenie przekonania, że złe postępowanie pojedynczych osób wpływa na los oddziałów i całych armii. Do najważniejszych twórców tej koncepcji należy zaliczyć Floriana Zebrzydowskiego, Jana Chodkiewicza i Stanisława Cikowskiego, a na przełomie stuleci rozwinęli ją Jan Zamoyski i Krzysztof Radziwiłł, zwany Piorunem. Najbardziej rozbudowaną formułę w artykułach wojskowych zaprezentował w XVII stuleciu Krzysztof II Radziwiłł, a wiek później – Michał Kazimierz Radziwiłł. W artykule sformułowana została również hipoteza, że tę dawną koncepcję, która przetrwała jako jeden z elementów kultury staropolskiej, zaadaptowano do oceny Bitwy Warszawskiej z 1920 roku, która została określona jako Cud nad Wisłą, co miało symbolizować sprawczą rolę Boga podczas wojny.
Batalia o instrukcję przekładową Liturgiam Authenticam
Authors: Brzozowski Jerzy
Published: November 2021

W 2017 roku Papież Franciszek powołał komisję do zbadania dalszej przydatności Instrukcji Liturgiam Authenticam, zatwierdzonej przez Jana Pawła II, a dotyczącej zasad tłumaczenia tekstów liturgicznych. Niniejszy artykuł wskazuje genezę tego wydarzenia niekoniecznie oznaczającego kolejny etap „dewojtylizacji” Kościoła, jak chcą konserwatywni komentatorzy watykańscy. Głównym powodem powołania tej komisji są kontrowersje związane z dwoma przekładami w języku angielskim – oficjalnym, zatwierdzonym w roku 2010 i utrzymanym w duchu Liturgiam Authenticam, oraz wcześniejszym, z roku 1998, dokonanym zgodnie z zasadami Instrukcji Pawła VI z roku 1969 zalecającej w istocie stosowanie w tłumaczeniu Biblii tzw. ekwiwalencji dynamicznej, w praktyce zaś współczesnego języka potocznego. Dla zrozumienia istoty sporu autor niniejszego artykułu przedstawia koncepcję ekwiwalencji dynamicznej pastora Eugene’a Nidy, wskazując jej mocne i słabe strony. Wśród tych pierwszych głównie fakt, że w latach wokółsoborowych była to pierwsza poważna, naukowa teoria przekładu. Koncepcji tej nie brak również słabych stron, widocznych na tle znaczącego rozwoju teorii przekładu w ciągu ostatnich 60 lat. Najpoważniejszą z nich jest fakt, że sprowadza ona akt przekładu do już istniejących zasobów języka docelowego, hamując tym samym jego rozwój. Jest to więc koncepcja odwrotna co do istoty wobec metody św. Hieronima, przyjmowanej w tradycji katolickiej. Według autora Instrukcja Liturgiam Authencticam bierze pod uwagę kilka dziesięcioleci praktyki przekładu biblijnego w duchu posoborowym, z jej sukcesami i porażkami. Konkluzje płynące z tej analizy są następujące:

Absolutyzacja ekwiwalencji dynamicznej, jako „jedynej naukowej teorii przekładu”, świadczy o braku współpracy środowisk biblijnych z środowiskami rozwijającymi współczesne teorie przekładu.

Instrukcja Liturgiam Authenticam skupia się na tym, co zapobiega procesowi desakralizacji liturgii – widocznemu w wielu Kościołach protestanckich, ale też w wielu posoborowych środowiskach katolickich.
Heating-free, room-temperature operation of a radiofrequency-to-light signal transducer with a membrane oscillator and a built-in metasurface mirror
Authors: Tominaga Yusuke , Mikami Atsushi , Iwamura Akiya , Usami Koji , Takeda Kazuyuki
Published: November 2021

We present an electro-mechano-optical radiofrequency (rf)-to-light signal transducer robust against laser heating and thus operational at room temperature. A metal-free, low-loss metasurface mirror and an aluminum electrode made separately on a Si3N4 membrane oscillator comprise a chain of electro-mechanical and opto-mechanical systems, mediating electrical and optical signals through the (2,2)-mode characteristic oscillation. We demonstrate up-conversion of rf signals at 175.2 MHz by 6 orders of magnitude in frequency to an optical regime with the transfer efficiency of 2.3 × 10−9, also showing stable operation due to reduced laser heating of the mirror.
Online Learning with Radial Basis Function Networks
Authors: Borrageiro Gabriel
Published: November 2021

We investigate the benefits of feature selection, nonlinear modelling and online learning when forecasting in financial time series. We consider the sequential and continual learning sub-genres of online learning. The experiments we conduct show that there is a benefit to online transfer learning, beyond the sequential updating of recursive least-squares models. We show that feature representation transfer via radial basis function networks, which make use of clustering algorithms to construct a kernel Gram matrix, are more beneficial than treating each training vector as separate basis functions, as occurs with kernel Ridge regression. We also demonstrate quantitative procedures to determine the very structure of the networks. Finally, we conduct experiments on the log returns of financial time series and show that these online transfer learning models are able to outperform a random walk baseline, whereas the offline learning models struggle to do so.
Quero uma rua de Roma. Scrittori portoghesi in viaggio a Roma
Authors: Trognoni Claudio
Published: November 2021

Since its independence, Portugal had strong commercial, political, and cultural ties with the Italian Peninsula. This place has always been a source of inspiration for writers and artists from all over the world: throughout the centuries, Rome has been able to attract a considerable number of Portuguese authors, who, from time to time, have approached the city or as the cradle of Catholicism, or as a place where they can revive their own Latin and classical roots. This article aims to highlight how Rome has been able to inspire Portuguese authors travelling through the city, in an attempt to highlight, isolate and describe the common elements existing among them.
Un’anonima relazione delle piramidi d’Egitto del 1743. Appunti preliminari in vista dell’edizione critica del ms. α. G. 5. 27 (BEUMo)
Authors: Bellucci Nikola D.
Published: November 2021

This paper provides news of the rediscovery of a new Travel Report in Egypt (with a description of the Pyramids) dated 1743. In view of the critical edition of the document, will be deepened the context of the re-discovery, attempting to outline preliminary investigative ways.
Ao(s) espelho(s) do espaço e do tempo
Authors: Rita Annabela
Published: November 2021

The following work aims to explore some of the most peculiar paradigms of the travel narratives, focusing on aesthetic aspects as the metamorfoses of the view and schemes, which are the signal of the European culture’s transformation.
Traveling towards fame: Albert Einstein and the Eddington eclipse expedition to Príncipe and Sobral in 1919
Authors: Casetti Lapo
Published: November 2021

Albert Einstein abruptly rose to worldwide fame in November 1919, after Arthur Eddington announced the successful measurement of the gravitational light bending predicted by Einstein’s general theory of relativity. The measurement had been performed by an expedition towards two remote Portuguese-speaking destinations, the island of Príncipe in equatorial Africa and Sobral in northern Brazil, where the total solar eclipse of May 29, 1919 was visible and allowed to measure the position of stars close to the Sun, revealing the sought-after effect. This journey was the beginning of a story that still goes on today.
PRACTICAL METHODS OF ACOUSTIC MATERIALS PATTERNING FOR INCREASE OF THEIR EFFECTIVENESS
Authors: Krasnov Aleksandr , Deryabin Igor
Published: November 2021

This article includes the results of experimental investigations of patterned noise-reducing materials and components, carried out using special-purpose laboratory-scale bench plants (Alpha Cabin, Torre di Pisa, RTC-3, Oberst). Illustrative examples of constructive-technological structurization of the components (gaskets, panels and upholstery) providing noise reduction of passenger cars are given.
THE SENSITIVITY ESTIMATION FOR THE ULTRASONIC ANGULAR VELOCITY SENSORS
Authors: Akhremenko Nikolay , Durukan Yasemin , Popkova Ekaterina , Shevelko Mikhail
Published: November 2021

The paper discusses the principles of the occurrence of inherent noise of the sensitive element of the angular velocity sensor, the calculation of these noises and methods of their reduction. The principle of operation of the sensing element of the angular velocity
sensor on bulk acoustic waves, which consists in detecting the rotation of the polarization vector of the emitted linearly polarized shear wave, is presented in the work. The results of calculations of the noise level for various materials and sizes of plate piezoelectric transducers and acoustic duct are presented in the work. It is shown that a sensitive element with plate piezoelectric transducers made of langasite and an acoustic duct made of glass, a heavy flint, has a minimum noise level. It is shown that with an increase in the operating frequency of a plate piezoelectric transducer, the noise level decreases. A program for calculating the noise characteristics of
solid-state angular velocity sensors based on bulk acoustic waves has been developed. The element base of the receiving amplifier of the device has been selected. Recommendations for reducing the level of noise are formulated, such as: increasing the operating frequency and reducing the bandwidth of plate piezoelectric transducers, as well as the choice of optimal materials for both piezoelectric transducers and acoustic duсt.
THEORETICAL ANALYSIS ON REGULARITIES OF THE PROCESS OF NOISE GENERATION OF PLANING, SLOTTING AND PLANING-MILLING MACHINES
Authors: Chukarin Alexander , Meskhi Besarion , Shoniya David
Published: November 2021

The acoustic characteristics of the planing machines, which are the most widespread and the most noisy metalworking equipment, are considered. The article presents the theoretical models of the process of noise generation of planing, slotting and
planing-milling machines. Regularities of sound pressure levels and sound power are obtained for brittle materials (cast iron blanks) mounted on the machine table. The regularities of the vibration velocities of the cutting tool and the workpiece are derived. The system of second-order differential equations is obtained for the version of the cantilever fixing of the planing cutter, using the developed approaches to the calculating vibrations and noise of machine equipment.
TRAFFIC NOISE ANALYSIS IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kholopov Yuri , Lukeniuk Elena , Musatkina Bela , Denisova Inna
Published: November 2021

The article notes the negative impact of traffic noise on human health. The principles of noise pollution control are considered
in the article. The article introduces the measurement results of traffic noise near the academic buildings of the railway transport
universities in Omsk and Samara as well as the railway noise measurement results obtained near the Oktyabrsk station. Conclusions
and suggestions based on the research results are presented in the article
ANALISIS KUALITAS UDARA DENGAN INDEKS STANDAR PENCEMAR UDARA (ISPU) DAN SEBARAN KADAR POLUTANNYA DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA
Authors:   Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sahid Jakarta, Agista Putri , Gusdini Ninin , Maharani Maya
Published: November 2021

Provinsi DKI Jakarta merupakan ibu kota Indonesia yang memiliki lima kota besar yaitu Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta Utara, Jakarta Selatan, Jakarta Timur dan Jakarta Barat. Sebagai kota yang sedang berkembang Provinsi DKI Jakarta turut menyumbangkan emisi udara yang menyebabkan menurunnya kualitas udara melalui kegiatan penduduk, kegiatan perindustrian dan transportasi. Oleh karena itu Dinas Lingkungan Hidup (DLH) DKI Jakarta memantau kadar pencemar udara primer yaitu NO2 (Nitrogen Dioksida), SO2 (Sulfur Dioksida), O3 (Ozon), CO (Karbon Monoksida) dan PM10 (Partikulat). Analisis dilakukan menggunakan Indeks Standar Pencemar Udara (ISPU) di lima kota besar di DKI Jakarta untuk mengetahui kualitas udara selama lima tahun terakhir tahun 2014 hingga tahun 2018. Kadar pencemar udara parameter NO2, SO2 dan CO di DKI Jakarta tahun 2014-2018 masih di bawah Nilai Ambang Batas (NAB) berurutan 400,00 μg/m3, 365,00 μg/m3 dan 30.000 μg/m3, sedangkan untuk parameter O3 dan PM10 di DKI Jakarta rata-rata kadar maksimum 249,00-456,10 μg/m3 dan 158,00-206,00 μg/m3 tahun 2014-2018 melewati NAB yaitu berurutan 235.00 μg/m3 dan 150,00 μg/m3. Sesuai kadarnya yang tinggi untuk parameter O3 dan PM10 menghasilkan kualitas udara yang buruk, untuk kota Jakarta Utara, Jakarta Selatan dan Jakarta Barat tahun 2018 menjadi tahun dengan kualitas udara terburuk dikarenakan perkembangan industri, sedangkan Jakarta Pusat tahun 2017 kualitas udara terburuk dan Jakarta Timur tahun 2014. Dilihat dari pola sebaran polutannya menggunakan software Surfer 11, khusus untuk parameter pencemar udara PM10 mengalami perbaikan karena meningkatnya zonasi daerah kadar rendah di DKI Jakarta dikarenakan menurunnya jumlah kendaraan dan meningkatnya teknologi transportasi yang ramah lingkungan seperti mengganti transjakarta menjadi standar mesin Uni-Eropa IV-V dari Uni-Eropa II, ISS (Idling Stop System) pada kendaraan motor.
Vaccination rates among adults with sickle cell disease: a single-center study from the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey
Authors: Koyuncu Mahmut Bakir , Cavusoglu Cagatay , Sahin Horasan Elif , Tombak Anil
Published: November 2021

Objective: Being vaccinated against encapsulated bacteria is the most efficient way to reduce painful crises and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Although guidelines strongly recommend vaccination, vaccination rates remain under the desired levels. In this study, we aim to determine vaccination rates and understand the reasons for non-vaccination in patients with SCD.

Material and methods: We included 76 patients with SCD in this study. We administered a questionnaire consisting of 21 questions and examined the electronic vaccination records of these patients.

Results: The vaccination rates were 36.5% for the pneumococcal vaccine, 22.4% for the Hemophilus influenza type b vaccine, and 19.7% for the meningococcal vaccine. Residence in rural areas and annual control visits were found to increase the pneumococcal vaccination rates (OR: 11.90, 95% CI: 2.549–56.107, p = 0.002 and OR: 9.08, 95% CI: 1.120–73.624, p = 0.039, respectively) and meningococcal vaccination rates (OR: 2.75, 95% CI: 1.464–5.186, p = 0.002 and OR:1.36, 95% CI: 1.159–1.610, p < 0.001, respectively). Thirty-four (44.7%) of the cases stated that their doctors did not give any information about these vaccinations.

Conclusion: Vaccination rates are low in patients with SCD. Residence in rural areas, annual control visits, educational level, and doctor recommendations affect these vaccination rates.
Tomografia no estadiamento de neoplasia mamária em cão macho com invasão neoplásica em veia cava caudal – relato de caso
Authors: Reis Élide Tibaldi , Castro Bruno Gomes de
Published: November 2021

Dentre os exames complementares fundamentais no diagnóstico de neoplasias, a tomografia computadorizada se destaca devido sua capacidade de formar imagens de forma tridimensional e de retirar a sobreposição através de cortes finos. Por criar imagens dos tecidos com exatidão torna-se aliada na identificação de trombos neoplásicos em grandes vasos. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo analisar o uso da tomografia computadorizada no diagnóstico de neoplasia e de seu estadiamento através do relato de caso de um canino acompanhado durante o estágio supervisionado obrigatório, com carcinoma mamário em região prepucial e durante uma pesquisa de metástase visualizou invasão em veia cava caudal. Concluiu-se que é satisfatório a utilização da tomografia na detecção de invasões neoplásicas, além de agregar no monitoramento e estadiamento de neoplasias. É fundamental reforçar a importância do diagnóstico histopatológico em casos de tumores, que identificou carcinoma em tumor misto em macho canino, fato considerado raro.
Profile of the volatile organic compounds of pink pepper and black pepper
Authors: Figueiredo Yuri Gomes , Bueno Fabio Corrêa , Oliveira Júnior Afonso Henrique de , Mazzinghy Ana Carolina do Carmo , Mendonça Henrique de Oliveira Prata , Oliveira Altamir Fernandes de , De Melo Angelita Cristine , Reina Luisa Del Carmen Barrett , Augusti Rodinei , Melo Júlio Onésio Ferreira
Published: November 2021

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) and pink pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) are two plant-based spices, which despite having a common popular name, have a botanical family and distinct centers of origin. Its fruits are known worldwide in cuisine as condiments; in addition, the extraction of essential oil from these species is interesting from a pharmacological and industrial perspective. In this sense, the present study aimed to analyze the chemical profile of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) present in black pepper and pink pepper. The solid phase microextraction method in headspace mode (HS-SPME) was used, using the fiber, polydimethylsiloxane-divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) for the extraction of VOCs. In the extraction of volatile compounds, 2g of the seeds of each sample were used, previously ground in an analytical mill, and placed in a 20 ml headspace flask. The adsorption of the compounds was carried out at a temperature of 60ºC, for 20 minutes, with the exposed PDMS/DVB fiber, after extraction, the desorption was carried out in the gas chromatograph injector coupled to mass spectrometry (CG-MS), where the fiber was exposed for 5 minutes. The identification of VOCs was performed by comparing the mass spectra obtained with data from the NIST library. Thirty-six volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified and quantified among pink pepper and black pepper seed samples. Of which 16 were found in black pepper, and 20 in pink pepper. These compounds are divided into monoterpenes, sesquitepenes, and other classes such as alkaloids and sesquiterpenoids. The volatile organic compounds found in higher concentrations in black pepper were Carnegine with 36.32 %, beyerene (30.84%), alpha-gurjunene (6.10%) and 1R,4S,7S,11R-2, 2,4,8-Tetramethyltricyclo [5.3.1.0 (4.11)] undec-8-ene also with 6.10%. In pink pepper, the compounds with the highest concentrations were, phyllocladene (36.16%), 3-carene (12.49%), and 1R,4S,7S,11R-2,2,4,8-tetramethyltricyclo [ 5.3.1.0 (4.11)] undec-8-ene (12.43%).
Design and fabrication of low-cost micromachining system for prototyping printed circuit boards
Authors:   Department of Mechatronics, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode-638401, Tamil Nadu, India., S K Dhinesh , K L Senthil Kumar ,   Department of Mechatronics, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode-638401, Tamil Nadu, India., A Megalingam ,   Department of Mechatronics, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode-638401, Tamil Nadu, India., A P Gokulraj ,   Department of Mechatronics, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode-638401, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: November 2021

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) have a portentous position in constructing modern electronic equipment. Currently, chemical etching is the process used to produce PCBs at huge volumes, which is not suitable for preparing prototypes. The working environment is also not an encouraging one. There is no economical way to manufacture PCBs in low volumes, which is the basic requirement for Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs). Prototyping the desired circuit boards, prior to the mass production, is essential to avoid major losses by producing faulty designs. Developing a low-cost machine for prototyping PCBs may overcome these drawbacks. Hence, in this work, a machine capable of performing PCB mechanical milling operation on wide range of materials like copper/epoxy boards and flexible substrates has been developed. The machine developed is capable of milling lines that are 0.3 mm in width and 0.46 mm in depth. The performance of the machine reveals that it can mill any complex shapes and designs with expected accuracy. Selection of hardware components according to the needs would reduce the cost and programming snag further, which makes it affordable to SMEs.
in vitro Cytotoxicity examination of the seashell and fish scale substances embedded with high degree of compactness in polyethylene composite
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam – 638 401, Moorthy A Anandha , Nanjappan Natarajan ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Excel Engineering College, Namakkal - 637303, Tamilnadu, India, Ayyanar C. Balaji ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore – 641 014, Tamilnadu, India., D Dinesh ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam – 638 401
Published: November 2021

The organic response of polymer composites is facilitated by adding natural filler materials. Several new composite formulations claim to reduce the environmental impact. The present study assessed the cytotoxic responses of seashell and fish scale filled composite materials. The Polyethylene high-density (PEHD), 30 wt. % of the seashell and 30 wt. % of a seashell and fish scale combinations blended with the polymer matrix composites with 10:3 proportion (PEHD 100 g:Reinforcements 30 g), and are then fabricated by the plastic injection molding machine. To better imitator the microstructure and the mineral component of natural bone, novel hydroxyapatite / polymer composite scaffolds are allowed to interact 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 μl of standard fresh cell culture medium for 24 hours. Morphology of cell, cell viability, and the effect of Cytotoxicity on polyethylene based composite samples were examined through ISO 10993:5, and 10993:12 test standards. The percentage of cell viability and the level of toxicity were compared.
Study of performance of h-rotor darrieus wind turbines
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore 641 004, Tamil Nadu, India., R Sandeep Christy , S C Kousik ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore 641 062, Tamil Nadu, India., R Vishal Subramaniam ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore 641 062, Tamil Nadu, India., R Santhosh Ram ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore 641 062, Tamil Nadu, India., R Nithesh Kumar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore 641 062, Tamil Nadu, India., C Gopalakrishnan ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore 641 062, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: November 2021

Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) are mostly manufactured keeping in mind the site and conditions that the wind turbine would face. There is a need to know which type of VAWT would be optimal in the conditions present at the installation site. The major factors involved are blade profile, wind velocity and blade pitch angle. This study is undertaken to study these factors and their effects on influencing the efficiency of the VAWT. A model has been made of a Darrieus VAWT with H-rotor design and is analyzed using CFD. An Iso-surface mesh is made on the model with a cylindrical air-filled domain and a κ-ε turbulence model is applied to study the effects of the wind-and-turbine blade interaction. The domain inlet indicates wind velocity; outlet is set to zero atmospheric gauge pressure and the pressure distribution across the turbine blade wall is measured. The top bottom walls of the domain are not part of the interaction. The study shows that the NACA0012 blade profile fares better than the other profiles across the range of wind velocities. However, it is less efficient with an increase in blade pitch angle for the same value of velocity. NACA0015 blade profile gives good performance when it has a zero pitch angle for intermediate and high wind velocities.
Experimental Analysis of the Vapour Compression Refrigeration System with Microchannel Condenser using R134a and R1234yf Refrigerant
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bannari Amman College of Engineering and Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamilnadu, India., K B Prakash , C Subramanian ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bannari Amman College of Engineering and Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamilnadu, India., M Chandrasekaran ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bannari Amman College of Engineering and Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamilnadu, India., B Kalidasan ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bannari Amman College of Engineering and Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamilnadu, India., A Amarkarthik ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bannari Amman College of Engineering and Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamilnadu, India., P Manojkumar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India., S Saravanakumar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, M Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: November 2021

Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR) system with high COP, low input power consumption and minimal exergy losses are of great research hotspot. The current research focuses on analysis of exergy and performance of vapour compression refrigeration (VCR) cycle is in a real-world application. Experiments were carried out in the VCR system using round tube condenser and microchannel condenser along with different refrigerants R134a, and R1234yf. Temperatures were varied from +20°C to 5°C for the evaporator and 40°C to 50°C for the condenser. Among the two refrigerants, experimental results show that refrigerants operating in micro-channel condensers have COP of 6% and 4%greater higher with5% and 3% lower exergy loss compared to the round tube condenser for R134a and R1234yf respectively.R1234yf appears to be a better equivalent for R134a, according to the findings. The efficiency defect in the condenser is the greatest and least in the evaporator for the coolants examined.
Stem Cells in Neurodegenerative Disorders - A broad Overview
Authors: Khaliq Fariha
Published: November 2021

Stem cell therapy is an approach to use cells that have the ability of self-renewal and to differentiate into different types of functional cells that are obtained from embryo and other postnatal sources to treat multiple disorders. These cells can be differentiated into different types of stem cells based on their specific characteristics to be totipotent, unipotent, multipotent or pluripotent. As potential therapy, pluripotent stem cells are considered to be the most interesting as they can be differentiated into different type of cells with similar characteristics as embryonic stem cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are adult cells that are reprogrammed genetically into stem cells from human fibroblasts through expressing genes and transcription factors at different time intervals. In this review, we will discuss the applications of stem cell therapy using iPSCs technology in treating neurodegenerative disorder such that Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). We have also broadly highlighted the significance of pluripotent stem cells in stem cell therapy.
Neurogenesis-An Overview
Authors: Affia Blossom Samuel
Published: November 2021

Neurogenesis is a phenomenon that involves the formation of new neurons in the brain by neural stem cells (NSCs). Investigators have confirmed that neurogenesis occurs in discrete parts of the adult brain as opposed to the embryos [1]. However, this was not the case long time back. Researchers have always been interested in learning if humans or other large organisms could show regenerative properties like the one seen in specific small organisms which can regrow different parts of their own bodies [2]. If possible, this would lead to a new avenue in therapeutics as more scientists would try to stimulate regeneration to deal with injury or any harmful stimuli. Like mentioned previously, researchers were not convinced with this approach and deemed that there is no possibility of adult neurogenesis [3].
Serum Level of Alkaline Phosphatase Correlates Negatively with Mini-Mental State Examination Score in the Very Elderly of Ashikaga City: Part of the Results of the Ashikaga Longevity Study
Authors: Yamakado Minoru
Published: November 2021

Objective: An important medical issue in both Japan and Ashikaga City is how to extend healthy life expectancy. To determine factors associated with healthy life expectancy, we established a joint study between Ashikaga City and the Ashikaga University Faculty of Nursing called the Ashikaga Longevity Study, using new biomarkers such as Diacron reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) tests as indicators of oxidative stress. In this study, factors related to cognitive function were clarified.

Methods: Participants comprised 95 individuals (36 men; mean age, 91.0±5.1 years and 59 women; mean age, 92.2±5.9 years). Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Results: MMSE score was ≤23 in 28 subjects (29.5%) and ≥24 in 67 subjects (70.5%). MMSE score showed significant negative correlations with age (p<0.0096), plasma alkaline phosphatase (p=0.0007), and peripheral leukocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (p=0.0119), and positive correlations with plasma albumin (p=0.0096) and BAP-to-d-ROMs ratio (p=0.0427).

Conclusions: These results suggest that cognitive decline may involve brain cell dysfunction due to inflammation based on a reduced ability to control oxidative stress. Not only anti-oxidative aerobic exercise but also anti-oxidative foods, may be necessary to maintain cognitive function.
Fitting Pearls for Scleral Lenses
Authors: Dhanotia Sudhanshu
Published: November 2021

Scleral lenses are the large diameter rigid gas permeable lenses which have a large number of potential benefits, the dispensing of this lenses are increased exponentially over the last decade. Scleral lenses now-a-days are designed with the use of software and advanced manufacturing machines. This not only allow the eye care practitioner to design the lens on micro level but also increase the optical quality and comfort of the lens on eye. In the past, one major disadvantage of fitting scleral is chair time, skills and expense required to fit them. Scleral lenses are available in different diameters and sag values which helps ECP to fit lens accordingly. Scleral lens fitting philosophy differs from that of corneal GP lenses. Different scleral lenses may use different fitting methods.
Aplikasi pupuk organik cair daun lamtoro (Leucaena leucophala (Lam. de Wit) on growth and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata sturt L.)
Authors: Hasan Fardyansjah , Nur Muh. Jabal , Nayo Febriyanto
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan unutuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi pupuk organik cair (POC) daun lamtoro dan menentukan dosis yang optimal untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada Februari hingga bulan April 2021 di kebun Desa Bulango Raya, Kecamatan Tomilito, Kabupaten Gorontalo. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dan terdapat empat perlakuan konsentrasi POC yang diulang sebanyak tiga kali yaitu L0: Tanpa Perlakuan (0%); L1: Konsentrasi 10% POC; L2: Konsentrasi 20% POC dan L3: Konsentrasi 30% POC. Variabel pengamatan dalam penelitian ini meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, panjang tongkol, bobot tongkol, dan diameter tongkol. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan pupuk organik cair daun lamtoro dengan konsentrasi 30% (L3) menghasilkan panjang, diameter dan bobot tongkol tertinggi.
Level of application of cocoa production technology in Bakka Village Sabbang Disrict North Luwu Regency
Authors: Sumantri Sumantri , S Sri Hastuty
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the level of motivation of farmers in applying cocoa production technology and the level of application of cocoa production technology in Bakka Village, Sabbang District, North Luwu Regency. Determination of the location was done intentionally (purposive sampling) and the time of the study was carried out for two months. The sample in this study was 46 farmers. The types of data collected are primary data and secondary data, while the data collection methods are through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis method used is a descriptive analysis using a Likert scale. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the level of motivation of farmers in applying cocoa production technology is categorized as very high with an average score of 3.42, while the level of application of cocoa production technology by farmers is categorized as high with an average score of 2.79 but the application of cocoa production technology must be more intensive.
Particition of Sodium-potassium Adenosine Triphosphatases in Homeostasis Regulation
Authors: Dzugkoev Sergey G. , Dzugkoeva Fira S. , Margieva Olga I. , Mozhaeva Irina V.
Published: November 2021

A literature review presented an analysis of data regarding the mechanisms of the Na pump in nephron and hormonal regulators of enzyme activity, including enzymatic catalysts. Investigating the regulatory mechanisms of metabolic processes can facilitate the development of new strategies to repair various pathological conditions. Among these functional proteins, Na+/K+ATPase is responsible for the regulation of hydroionic homeostasis and signaling. Ion transport in different parts of the nephron is mediated via sodium transporters, which are characterized by a clear topographical expression. In the oligomeric Na+/K+ATPase molecule, the α-subunit comprises 10 transmembrane domains and performs a catalytic function. The signal function of Na+/K+ATPase and its interaction with the molecular environment in lipid microdomains involve rafts and caveolae. Analysis of the literature data demonstrated an important function of Na+/K+ATPase, along with its interaction with caveolin-1, in the regulation of intracellular cholesterol traffic. Moreover, reciprocal interactions of enzymes and cholesterol have been indicated. The status of Na+/K+ATPase activity is affected by hypoxia, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation (LPO), increased cholesterol concentrations, and the viscosity of the cytoplasmic membrane. Ecological pollutants, including heavy metals, have significant effects on enzyme activity in nephron, hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes. Thus, available literature data indicate an important role of Na+/K+ATPase in the regulation of metabolic processes.
Curriculum Changes in the Visegrad Four: Three Decades After the Fall of Communism by Tomáš Janík, Štefan Porubský, Magdolna Chrappán, Kinga Kuszák
Authors: Hegedűs Gabriella
Published: November 2021

Bibliography of the reviewed book: Janík, T., Porubský, Š., Chrappán, M., & Kuszák, K. (2020). Curriculum changes in the Visegrad Four: three decades after the fall of communism. Waxmann.
Lessons From Lockdown: The Educational Legacy of COVID-19 London and New York by Tony Breslin
Authors: Majoros Noemi
Published: November 2021

Bibliography of the reviewed book: Tony, B. (2021). Lessons from lockdown: The educational legacy of COVID-19. Routledge.
Metamorphoses Creative-Developmental Fairy Tale Therapy Against the Dangers of the Internet. A Series of Activities for Young Undergraduate Students
Authors: Godó Irén
Published: November 2021

This paper is about the practical application of Metamorphoses creative-developmental fairy tale therapy, which is presented based on a three-session Metamorphoses creative-developmental fairy tale therapy session. The sessions were conducted between April and May 2021, among students (n=24) of the University of Debrecen, who were previously not familiar with fairy tale therapy, nor with the works of Ildikó Boldizsár. Through the media environment of the session, we also reflected together on the effects of internet consumption and the dangers of the internet. The study highlights the students' attitudes towards this method and their participation and activity in the online space. The experiences gained during the 3 sessions and the feedback of the students appear as a guideline to conclude the study. The practical application of the Metamorphoses creative-developmental fairy tale therapy will show whether this methodology has a role to play in higher education.
A Mobile Suitcase for Informatic Teachers Related to the “Digital” Didactic Goals of the 21st Century
Authors: Nothacker Jens
Published: November 2021

This study deals with the optimal equipment of a mobile case for computer science teachers, which offers the possibility to teach the skills of the curricula from primary to high school of the 21st century. First, the Single Board Computers (SBCs) in question are filtered out from previous studies and the accessory parts required are determined through a quantitative market analysis. Then, by combining the results with a qualitative analysis according to Mayring, the degree of curricular coverage of individual accessories is determined and binarized. Afterwards, the optimal equipment of the mobile case is evaluated and established based on the cost overlap by horizontal summation and vertical inclusion of the necessary accessories after recording the prices and the budget. The results were clearly presented in network diagrams and lists. This study thus provides computer science teachers and computer science professors with a budget-dependent basis for making decisions about the contents of a mobile case for computer science lessons or a computer science laboratory for learning the skills of the curricula from primary to high school of the 21st century. The study closes with a summary and an outlook.
INFLUENCE OF CRIMINAL SUBCULTURE ON CRIME AMONG MINORS AND YOUTH: CURRENT STATE AND PREVENTION
Authors: Дакашев Иса Хамзатович , Зыбина Юлия Викторовна
Published: November 2021

В статье авторами рассматриваются особенности влияния криминальной субкультуры на преступность среди несовершеннолетних и молодежи, которая в последние годы в российском обществе известна под аббревиатурой «АУЕ». Правоохранительным органам современная криминальная субкультура «АУЕ» интересна главным образом потому, что она может оказывать влияние на криминальную обстановку в обществе. Исследуются причины и условия распространения криминальной субкультуры среди несовершеннолетних и молодежи. Негативное влияние криминальной субкультуры на преступность среди несовершеннолетних и молодежи связано, прежде всего, с тем, что она способствует формированию отрицательных свойств личности несовершеннолетнего, что, в свою очередь, становится базой для формирования преступного поведения. Особое внимание авторами уделяется вопросу популяризации криминальной субкультуры через сеть Интернет, что требует новых подходов к разработке предупредительных мер в отношении рассматриваемого феномена.

In the article, the author examines the peculiarities of the influence of the criminal subculture on crime among minors and youth, which in recent years in Russian society is known by the abbreviation «AUE». The causes and conditions of the spread of the criminal subculture among minors and youth are investigated. Currently, modern technologies allow using minimal time and financial resources to get the maximum effect for criminals. The author pays special attention to the issue of popularization of the criminal subculture through the Internet, which requires new approaches to the development of preventive measures against the phenomenon under consideration. For law enforcement agencies, the modern criminal subculture «AUE» is interesting, first of all, in the quality in which it can influence the criminal situation in society. The negative impact of the criminal subculture on crime among minors and young people is primarily due to the fact that it contributes to the formation of negative personality traits of a minor, which in turn becomes the basis for the formation of criminal behavior. The peculiarity of the negative influence of the criminal subculture «AUE» is that it is considered such not only from the point of view of its social assessment, but also within a specific group: relations among minors and young people.