REGIONAL FEATURES OF NEWBORN HEALTH (according to state and industry statistics, perinatal audit "MATRIX - BABIES")
Authors: Znamenska T. , Marushko R. , Dudina O. , Vorobiova O. , Rudenko N. , Znamenska M. , Vlasov O. 
Published: August 2022

The development of modern society is largely due to the state of health of new generations, which determinethe quantitative and qualitative characteristics not only of today's but also of the future population, its cultural, moral andintellectual and defense potential.A retrospective analysis and assessment of the dynamics of newborn health in Ukraine in the XXI century according tostate and industry statistics, perinatal audit according to the WHO methodology "MATRIX - BABIES". Methods of systemapproach, statistical, graphic image are applied.The specifics of the socio-economic and demographic processes in Ukraine in the first decades of the XXI century, inparticular the decrease in the number of newborns born at the institutions of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine from 387.9thousand in 2000 up to 260.5 thousand in 2021 was accompanied by a negative trend of the generalized objective criterion oftheir health, namely an increase in the frequency of low birth weight children from 5.39 to 5.99% and premature newborns4.64 to 5.68%, OR with 95% CI 1.12 (1, 09-1.15), p <0.0001 and 1.24 (1.21-1.27), p < 0.0001 at stable dissociation of thenumber of underweight and premature infants. The range of frequency fluctuations of low weight newborns in the regionalcontext in 2021 reached 1.7 times. The lowest levels (<5%) were registered in Volyn (4.72%), Rivne (4.89%) and Sumy(4.93%), the highest (more than 7%) - in Kiev 8.1%), Transcarpathian (7.49%) and Kirovohrad (7.19%) regions.The frequency of sick newborns showed a positive trend, characterized by instability over the years. Over the pastdecades, this figure has decreased from 280.8 ‰ in 2000 to 196.9% in 2021, OR with 95% CI 0.67 (0, 65-0.67), p <0.0001,but now at the beginning of life almost every fifth child has a deviation in health. Differentiation of the frequency of sicknewborns in the regions showed an extremely high frequency of this indicator in 2021 (more than 250 ‰) in Kyiv. Poltavaand Kyiv at relatively low (<150 ‰) in Ternopil, Mykolaiv, Transcarpathian and Kirovohrad regions.Traditionally, the leading position in the frequency of newborns in the XXI century is occupied by neonatal jaundice dueto excessive hemolysis, other causes – 31,1 - 58,99 ‰, disorders of the respiratory system that occur in the perinatal period- 21,91 - 46,79 ‰, other disorders of the cerebral status of the newborn - 18.58 - 43.66 ‰, congenital anomalies, deformitiesand chromosomal disorders - 29.75 - 30.73 ‰ and birth injuries - 19.7 - 34.46 ‰, growth retardation and malnutrition of thefetus – 18.01 - 73.76 ‰. Consecutive decrease in the frequency of sick newborns is mainly due to a decrease in fetal hypoxiaand asphyxia - a loss rate of 85.1%. cases of growth retardation and malnutrition - 75.6%, birth injuries - 43.2% of congenitalanomalies, deformities and chromosomal disorders - 3.1%, hemolytic disease caused by isoimmunization - 2.92%. At the sametime, the negative dynamics of severe perinatal conditions that cause disability of children, including neonatal sepsis - a 15.7- fold increase, congenital pneumonia - a growth rate of 116.3% of perinatal-specific infections (70.3%) over the period from2010 - оther disorders violations of the cerebral status of the newborn (134.98%.), since 2015 - neonatal jaundice (89.6%).Conclusions. Systematic analysis of some indicators of newborn health showed a negative trend in the generalizedobjective criterion of their health, namely the frequency of low birth weight as a measure of reproductive health of motherswith a positive trend in the frequency of sick newborns as a measure of treatment and diagnosis.