bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anger is eliminated with the disposal of a paper written because of provocation
Authors: Kanaya Yuta , Kawai Nobuyuki
Published: April 2024

Anger suppression is important in our daily life, as its failure can sometimes lead to the breaking down of relationships in families. Thus, effective strategies to suppress or neutralise anger have been examined. This study shows that physical disposal of a piece of paper containing one’s written thoughts on the cause of a provocative event neutralises anger, while holding the paper did not. In this study, participants wrote brief opinions about social problems and received a handwritten, insulting comment consisting of low evaluations about their composition from a confederate. Then, the participants wrote the cause and their thoughts about the provocative event. Half of the participants (disposal group) disposed of the paper in the trash can (Experiment 1) or in the shredder (Experiment 2), while the other half (retention group) kept it in a file on the desk. All the participants showed an increased subjective rating of anger after receiving the insulting feedback. However, the subjective anger for the disposal group decreased as low as the baseline period, while that of the retention group was still higher than that in the baseline period in both experiments. We propose this method as a powerful and simple way to eliminate anger.
Individual differences in knowledge network navigation
Authors: Zhu Manran , Yasseri Taha , Kertész János
Published: April 2024

With the rapid accumulation of online information, efficient web navigation has grown vital yet challenging. To create an easily navigable cyberspace catering to diverse demographics, understanding how people navigate differently is paramount. While previous research has unveiled individual differences in spatial navigation, such differences in knowledge space navigation remain sparse. To bridge this gap, we conducted an online experiment where participants played a navigation game on Wikipedia and completed personal information questionnaires. Our analysis shows that age negatively affects knowledge space navigation performance, while multilingualism enhances it. Under time pressure, participants’ performance improves across trials and males outperform females, an effect not observed in games without time pressure. In our experiment, successful route-finding is usually not related to abilities of innovative exploration of routes. Our results underline the importance of age, multilingualism and time constraint in the knowledge space navigation.
Evaluation of changes of anterior segment parameters in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome after cataract surgery using anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Wlaź Aleksandra , Kustra Agnieszka , Aung Tin , Żarnowski Tomasz
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to compare the anterior segment parameters after cataract surgery in pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) and control eyes. We conducted a prospective comparative study of 36 eyes (PEX group), 16 eyes (PEXG group) and 46 eyes (control group) of 98 patients after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Before surgery, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months postoperatively, anterior chamber parameters were evaluated by swept source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Anterior chamber depth (ACD), angle opening distance (AOD500/750), trabecular-iris space area (TISA500/750), trabecular-iris angle (TIA500/750) and lens vault (LV) were assessed at each study visit. Preoperatively, ACD, AOD500/750 and TISA500/750 were significantly smaller, while LV was significantly greater in PEX and PEXG eyes than in controls. 3 months postoperatively all irido-corneal parameters and ACD were significantly greater in all study groups without intergroup differences. ACD and LV significantly increased in PEX group between 1 and 3 months after surgery while being stable in control group. Relative increases in ACD, AOD500, TISA750, TIA500/750 were significantly higher in PEX and PEXG groups than in controls. Our study finds that ACD and iridocorneal parameters in AS-OCT demonstrated significantly greater relative increases 3 months after phacoemulsification in PEX and PEXG groups than in control eyes. Significantly greater deepening of anterior chamber and opening of the irido-corneal angle may be a reason for different refractive outcomes and IOP control in patients with PEX and PEXG after routine cataract surgery.
Nonlinear recurrence analysis of piezo sensor placement for unmanned aerial vehicle motor failure diagnosis
Authors: Koszewnik Andrzej , Ambroziak Leszek , Ołdziej Daniel , Dzienis Paweł , Ambrożkiewicz Bartłomiej , Syta Arkadiusz , Bouattour Ghada , Kanoun Olfa
Published: April 2024

This paper is focused on the diagnostics of multicopter UAV propulsion system, in which the temporary transient states occur during operation in faulty conditions (eg. not all motor phases working properly). As a diagnostic sensor, the piezo strip has been used, which is very sensitive to any vibrations of the multi-rotor frame. The paper concerns the precise location of the sensor for more effective monitoring of the propulsion system state. For this purpose, a nonlinear analysis of the vibration times series was carefully presented. The obtained non-linear time series were studied with the recurrence analysis in short time windows, which were sensitive to changes in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle motor speeds. The tests were carried out with different percentage of the pulse width modulation signal used for the operation of the brushless motor and for different locations of the piezosensor (side and top planes of the multicopter arm). In the article, it was shown that the side location of the piezosensor is more sensitive to changes in the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle propulsion system, which was studied with the Principal Component Analysis method applied for four main recurrence quantifications. The research presented proves the possibility of using nonlinear recurrence analysis for propulsion system diagnostics and helps to determine the optimal sensor location for more effective health monitoring of multicopter motor.
Satin bowerbird optimizer-neural network for approximating the capacity of CFST columns under compression
Authors: Liu Yuzhen , Liang Yan
Published: April 2024

Concrete-filled steel tube columns (CFSTCs) are important elements in the construction sector and predictive analysis of their behavior is essential. Recent works have revealed the potential of metaheuristic-assisted approximators for this purpose. The main idea of this paper, therefore, is to introduce a novel integrative model for appraising the axial compression capacity (Pu) of CFSTCs. The proposed model represents an artificial neural network (ANN) supervised by satin bowerbird optimizer (SBO). In other words, this metaheuristic algorithm trains the ANN optimally to find the best contribution of input parameters to the Pu. In this sense, column length and the compressive strength of concrete, as well as the characteristics of the steel tube (i.e., diameter, thickness, yield stress, and ultimate stress), are considered input data. The prediction results are compared to five ANNs supervised by backtracking search algorithm (BSA), earthworm optimization algorithm (EWA), social spider algorithm (SOSA), salp swarm algorithm (SSA), and wind-driven optimization. Evaluating various accuracy indicators showed that the proposed model surpassed all of them in both learning and reproducing the Pu pattern. The obtained values of mean absolute percentage error of the SBO-ANN was 2.3082% versus 4.3821%, 17.4724%, 15.7898%, 4.2317%, and 3.6884% for the BSA-ANN, EWA-ANN, SOSA-ANN, SSA-ANN and WDA-ANN, respectively. The higher accuracy of the SBO-ANN against several hybrid models from earlier literature was also deduced. Moreover, the outcomes of principal component analysis on the dataset showed that the yield stress, diameter, and ultimate stress of the steel tube are the three most important factors in Pu prediction. A predictive formula is finally derived from the optimized SBO-ANN by extracting and organizing the weights and biases of the ANN. Owing to the accurate estimation shown by this model, the derived formula can reliably predict the Pu of concrete-filled steel tube columns.
Mitochondrial targeted catalase improves muscle strength following arteriovenous fistula creation in mice with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Kim Kyoungrae , Fazzone Brian , Cort Tomas A. , Kunz Eric M. , Alvarez Samuel , Moerschel Jack , Palzkill Victoria R. , Dong Gengfu , Anderson Erik M. , O’Malley Kerri A. , Berceli Scott A. , Ryan Terence E. , Scali Salvatore T.
Published: April 2024

Hand dysfunction is a common observation after arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation for hemodialysis access and has a variable clinical phenotype; however, the underlying mechanism responsible is unclear. Grip strength changes are a common metric used to assess AVF-associated hand disability but has previously been found to poorly correlate with the hemodynamic perturbations post-AVF placement implicating other tissue-level factors as drivers of hand outcomes. In this study, we sought to test if expression of a mitochondrial targeted catalase (mCAT) in skeletal muscle could reduce AVF-related limb dysfunction in mice with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Male and female C57BL/6J mice were fed an adenine-supplemented diet to induce CKD prior to placement of an AVF in the iliac vascular bundle. Adeno-associated virus was used to drive expression of either a green fluorescent protein (control) or mCAT using the muscle-specific human skeletal actin (HSA) gene promoter prior to AVF creation. As expected, the muscle-specific AAV-HSA-mCAT treatment did not impact blood urea nitrogen levels (P = 0.72), body weight (P = 0.84), or central hemodynamics including infrarenal aorta and inferior vena cava diameters (P > 0.18) or velocities (P > 0.38). Hindlimb perfusion recovery and muscle capillary densities were also unaffected by AAV-HSA-mCAT treatment. In contrast to muscle mass and myofiber size which were not different between groups, both absolute and specific muscle contractile forces measured via a nerve-mediated in-situ preparation were significantly greater in AAV-HSA-mCAT treated mice (P = 0.0012 andP = 0.0002). Morphological analysis of the post-synaptic neuromuscular junction uncovered greater acetylcholine receptor cluster areas (P = 0.0094) and lower fragmentation (P = 0.0010) in AAV-HSA-mCAT treated mice. Muscle mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was not different between groups, but AAV-HSA-mCAT treated mice had lower succinate-fueled mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide emission compared to AAV-HSA-GFP mice (P < 0.001). In summary, muscle-specific scavenging of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide significantly improves neuromotor function in mice with CKD following AVF creation.
CHD4 acts as a prognostic factor and drives radioresistance in HPV negative HNSCC
Authors: Geyer Fabian , Geyer Maximilian , Reuning Ute , Klapproth Sarah , Wolff Klaus-Dietrich , Nieberler Markus
Published: April 2024

Despite great efforts in improving existing therapies, the outcome of patients with advanced radioresistant HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains poor. The chromatin remodeler Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 4 (CHD4) is involved in different DNA-repair mechanisms, but the role and potential in HNSCC has not been explored yet. In the present study, we evaluated the prognostic significance of CHD4 expression using in silico analysis of the pan-cancer dataset. Furthermore, we established a monoclonal HNSCC CHD4 knockdown cell clone utilizing the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Effects of lower CHD4 expression on radiosensitivity after increasing doses of ionizing radiation were characterized using clonogenic assays and cell numbers. The in silico analysis revealed that high CHD4 expression is associated with significant poorer overall survival of HPV-negative HNSCC patients. Additionally, the knockdown of CHD4 significantly increased the radiosensitivity of HNSCC cells. Therefore, CHD4 might be involved in promoting radioresistance in hard-to-treat HPV-negative HNSCC entities. We conclude that CHD4 could serve as a prognostic factor in HPV-negative HNSCC tumors and is a potential target protein overcoming radioresistance in HNSCC. Our results and the newly established cell clone laid the foundation to further characterize the underlying mechanisms and ultimately use CHD4 in HNSCC therapies.
Characterization of the gut bacterial and viral microbiota in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults
Authors: Poulsen Casper S. , Hesse Dan , Fernandes Gabriel R. , Hansen Tue H. , Kern Timo , Linneberg Allan , Van Espen Lore , Jørgensen Torben , Nielsen Trine , Alibegovic Amra C. , Matthijnssens Jelle , Pedersen Oluf , Vestergaard Henrik , Hansen Torben , Andersen Mette K.
Published: April 2024

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by autoantibodies against insulin producing pancreatic beta cells and initial lack of need for insulin treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate if individuals with LADA have an altered gut microbiota relative to non-diabetic control subjects, individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Bacterial community profiling was performed with primers targeting the variable region 4 of the 16S rRNA gene and sequenced. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were generated with DADA2 and annotated to the SILVA database. The gut virome was sequenced, using a viral particle enrichment and metagenomics approach, assembled, and quantified to describe the composition of the viral community. Comparison of the bacterial alpha- and beta-diversity measures revealed that the gut bacteriome of individuals with LADA resembled that of individuals with T2D. Yet, specific genera were found to differ in abundance in individuals with LADA compared with T1D and T2D, indicating that LADA has unique taxonomical features. The virome composition reflected the stability of the most dominant order Caudovirales and the families Siphoviridae, Podoviridae, and Inoviridae, and the dominant family Microviridae. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
In vitro activity of antibiotics potentially effective against difficult-to-treat strains of Gram-negative rods: retrospective study
Authors: Kroneislová Gabriela , Závora Jan , Adámková Vanda Gabriela , Rýdlová Anna , Adámková Václava
Published: April 2024

Bacterial resistance surveillance is one of the main outputs of microbiological laboratories and its results are important part of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). In this study, the susceptibility of specific bacteria to selected antimicrobial agents was tested. The susceptibility of 90 unique isolates of pathogens of critical priority obtained from clinically valid samples of ICU patients in 2017–2021 was tested. 50% of these fulfilled difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR) criteria and 50% were susceptible to all antibiotics included in the definition. 10 Enterobacterales strains met DTR criteria, and 2 (20%) were resistant to colistin (COL), 2 (20%) to cefiderocol (FCR), 7 (70%) to imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam (I/R), 3 (30%) to ceftazidime/avibactam (CAT) and 5 (50%) to fosfomycin (FOS). For Enterobacterales we also tested aztreonam/avibactam (AZA) for which there are no breakpoints yet. The highest MIC of AZA observed was 1 mg/l, MIC range in the susceptible cohort was 0.032–0.064 mg/l and in the DTR cohort (incl. class B beta-lactamase producers) it was 0.064–1 mg/l. Two (13.3%) isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15 DTR strains) were resistant to COL, 1 (6.7%) to FCR, 13 (86.7%) to I/R, 5 (33.3%) to CAT, and 5 (33.3%) to ceftolozane/tazobactam. All isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii with DTR were susceptible to COL and FCR, and at the same time resistant to I/R and ampicillin/sulbactam. New antimicrobial agents are not 100% effective against DTR. Therefore, it is necessary to perform susceptibility testing of these antibiotics, use the data for surveillance (including local surveillance) and conform to AMS standards.
The effect of floating spline parameter on the dynamic characteristic of encased differential planetary gear train
Authors: Che Xiaoyu , Yu Hu , Zhang Chao , Zhu Rupeng
Published: April 2024

The load sharing performance of encased differential planetary system has a great impact on the operating performance and service life of the transmission system of the coaxial high speed helicopter. In order to improve the load-sharing performance of the gear pair, the influence of different floating spline structural parameters on the load sharing characteristics of the system was studied. Considering the manufacturing error, installation error, time varying meshing stiffness and other factors, the Lagrange equation is used to construct the dynamic model of encased differential planetary gear train with floating spline structure. The effects of input torque, spline clearance, spline shaft stiffness and spline friction coefficient on the load sharing performance of gear pairs were analyzed. The results show that the differential stage system has a better load sharing performance than the encased stage system. The increase of input torque helps to improve the load sharing performance of the system, and the improvement of the encased stage system is more obvious. The floating spline of sun gear of the encased stage has a greater impact on the load sharing performance of the system. Furthermore, increasing the floating spline clearance, reducing spline shaft stiffness or increasing the friction coefficient of the spline can improve the load sharing performance of the system overall.
Self-assembly of stabilized droplets from liquid–liquid phase separation for higher-order structures and functions
Authors: Naz Mehwish , Zhang Lin , Chen Chong , Yang Shuo , Dou Hongjing , Mann Stephen , Li Jianwei
Published: April 2024

Dynamic microscale droplets produced by liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) have emerged as appealing biomaterials due to their remarkable features. However, the instability of droplets limits the construction of population-level structures with collective behaviors. Here we first provide a brief background of droplets in the context of materials properties. Subsequently, we discuss current strategies for stabilizing droplets including physical separation and chemical modulation. We also discuss the recent development of LLPS droplets for various applications such as synthetic cells and biomedical materials. Finally, we give insights on how stabilized droplets can self-assemble into higher-order structures displaying coordinated functions to fully exploit their potentials in bottom-up synthetic biology and biomedical applications.
Tuning hydrogen bond network connectivity in the electric double layer with cations
Authors: Tang Bo , Fang Yeguang , Zhu Shuang , Bai Qi , Li Xiaojiao , Wei Laiyang , Li Zhenyu , Zhu Chongqin
Published: April 2024

Cations at interfaces can tune the structure and the connectivity of hydrogen bond networks in electric double layers.
Live-tracking of beef freshness by sub-ppb level ammonia detection using WS2/rGO nanoflakes incorporating edge site-enriched acidic sulfur
Authors: Sonwal Sonam , Ranjith Kugalur Shanmugam , Han Soobin , Han Young-Kyu , Oh Mi-Hwa , Huh Yun Suk
Published: April 2024

Highly accurate, easily accessible room temperature wireless gas-sensing technology can be utilized to monitor food freshness in real time to prevent food fraud and spoiled food consumption, thus safeguarding humans from diseases.
Low-threshold cavity-enhanced superfluorescence in polyhedral quantum dot superparticles
Authors: Li Xinjie , Chen Linqi , Mao Danqun , Li Jingzhou , Xie Wei , Dong Hongxing , Zhang Long
Published: April 2024

This work presents a scalable strategy for achieving low-threshold cavity-enhanced superfluorescence (CESF) through self-assembly.
Size control of copper nanodrugs through emulsion atom transfer radical polymerization
Authors: Song Ziyan , Chen Peng , Teng Lisong , Wang Weibin , Zhu Weipu
Published: April 2024

Cu nanodrugs with diverse sizes (70–440 nm) were prepared through emulsion atom transfer radical polymerization. The relationship between particle size and anticancer activity was investigated.
In situ growth of Bi-MOF on cotton fabrics via ultrasonic synthesis strategy for recyclable photocatalytic textiles
Authors: Qin Hengjie , Lv Ying , Nakane Koji
Published: April 2024

CAU-17 was in situ grown on carboxymethylated cotton fabric by ultrasonication and exhibited favorable photocatalytic degradation ability.
Mild chemistry synthesis of ultrathin Bi2O2S nanosheets exhibiting 2D-ferroelectricity at room temperature
Authors: Pathak Riddhimoy , Dutta Prabir , Dolui Kapildeb , Vasdev Aastha , Ghosh Adrija , Roy Raj Sekhar , Gautam Ujjal K. , Maji Tapas Kumar , Sheet Goutam , Biswas Kanishka
Published: April 2024

Synthesis of room temperature ferroelectric 2D Bi2O2S ultra-thin nanosheets through a mild chemistry route.
Ultra-low diffusion barrier tetramethyl ammonium cation-intercalated layered MnO2 for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Zhou Zixiang , Tong Jianbo , Zou Xiaoliang , Wang Yue , Bai Yuxuan , Yang Yifan , Li Youyong , Wang Chao , Liu Shuling
Published: April 2024

TMA+ pre-intercalated MnO2 displays enhanced diffusion kinetics, high capacity, and robust cycling stability as a cathode material for zinc-ion batteries.
Revolutionary SAMs: transforming inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Li Hongshi , Liu ShunChang
Published: April 2024

Revolutionary self-assembled monolayers, represented by xPACz, have propelled the rapid improvement in the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells.
Antimicrobial and Phytochemistry study of Dendrobium linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn. from Gumitir, Jember, Indonesia
Authors: Setyati Dwi , Su’udi Mukhamad , Ravitamala El Shania , Fajriah Miladina Fitrotul , Babudin Babudin , Utarti Esti , Arimurti Sattya , Satia Nugraha Ari , Ananda Putri Yusi , Maulana Farhan Abdillah , Bahrul Ulum Fuad
Published: April 2024

Dendrobium linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn. is an epiphytic orchid growing in Mount Gumitir, Jember, Indonesia and had been used by indigenous people of Bali to treat earaches. Previous research has identified its DNA barcode and the presence of alkaloids and flavonoids with the highest concentration found in the leaves. However, an extensive analysis of their chemical constituents and their potential medicinal properties from this plant is not yet available. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical contents of the methanol extract of D. linearifolium leaves. The antimicrobial test was conducted using the agar diffusion method against two fungi: Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus falvus and three pathogenic bacteria i.e., Streptococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli. Phytochemical analysis was performed using GC-MS. The results of the antimicrobial test indicate that the extract of D. linearifolium leaves possessed antimicrobial activity with the highest level against A. niger and the gram-positive bacteria S. aureus. The phytochemical analysis detected a total of 47 compounds with a total of 26 having medicinal potential. The five most dominant compounds with antimicrobial activity, i.e., 1-propanol, 2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)- (CAS) 2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)-1-propanol; 4-methyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde; phenol, 2-methoxy- (CAS) guaiacol; 2-propanol, 1,1′-oxybis- (CAS) dipropylene glycol; and acetic acid (CAS) ethylic acid.
Coffee Pulp Activated Carbon for Immobilizing Cellulase from Aspergillus niger ICP2: Enhancing Enzyme Stability, Activity, and Its Reusability
Authors: Winarsa Rudju , Ayu Sukma Nadhea , Afriyanti Dina , Salma Elida Farah , Putrasetya Ramdhan , Azizah  , Purwatiningsih  , Siswoyo  , Muzakhar Kahar
Published: April 2024

Cellulase from Aspergillus niger ICP2 was successfully immobilized on coffee pulp activated carbon using adsorption. Carbon was derived from coffee pulp via controlled carbonization at 200 °C for 2 hours, followed by activation with 3M ZnCl2 for 150 minutes. Reusability analysis exhibited over 50% relative activity retention after four cycles. The immobilized cellulase demonstrated stability at pH 4.0-6.0, retaining over 80% relative activity after 4 hours at 37℃. This approach proves economical for enhancing cellulase stability, activity, and reusability.
Effect of Soaking with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Rice Seed Germination
Authors: Widnyana I Ketut , Eka Pasmidi Ariati Putu , Suanda I Wayan , Listihani
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of immersing rice seeds in Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) suspension. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with seed immersion treatment using PGPR bacterial suspension. The rice varieties used were Ciherang, Inpari 32, and IR64, where the seeds were soaked for 30, 45, 60, and 300 minutes, respectively. There were 12 treatment units plus one control by soaking the seeds in water for 60 minutes. All treatments and controls were repeated three times. The results showed that soaking rice seeds for 60 minutes gave longer root and sprout lengths of the three rice varieties. Soaking rice seeds for 30 and 45 minutes caused slower germination, and shorter root length and sprout length than the control. Soaking rice seedlings longer than 60 minutes did not alter germination speed than soaking for 60 minutes.
Optimization of Phenolic in Extraction Kasturi Mango Leaves (Mangifera casturi Kosterm.) with Taguchi Method
Authors: Budiarni Kasandra , Furnawanthi Hindaningrum Irni , Kartiman Roni , Maily  , Anggita Raharjani Sophie , Sri Pambayun Fauziah , Rahmadi Putra Aufadil , Angga Valentino Herly , Putri Sulastry Dwi
Published: April 2024

Kasturi mango (Mangifera casturi Kosterm.) is one of specific germplasm in South Kalimantan which in the category threatened with extinction. This plant has active metabolites such as phenolic groups which potentially to be bioactive. The active substance in the extract is usually obtained using the extraction method. Extraction is a method widely applied to the separation of compounds from plants to be used as raw materials products. Selection of the appropriate solvent and method is important to get optimal compound. The purpose of this study was to optimize phenolic extraction from Kasturi mango leaves using Taguchi method. The research method used consisted of 9 treatments with factors of temperature, time, and ethanol concentration. The extraction process was carried out on wet and dry samples of Kasturi mango leaves using digestion method with 50% ethanol at 50 ºC for 60 minutes. The result of determining the optimal solid solvent ratio (SSR) was get on dry samples with SSR ratio 1:5 and phenolic content 16995.8 mg/L. For the results of optimization phenolic extraction of dry samples Kasturi mango leaves with Taguchi method, the highest phenolic content obtained was 19407.8 mg/L with use of 30% ethanol at 70 ºC for 60 minutes.
Combination of Mollase and Glucose as Substrate for The Production of Biosurfactant by Bacillus subtilis BK7.1
Authors: Danang Susetyo Rizky , Retnaningrum Endah , Wilopo Wahyu , Hadisusanto Suwarno , Salamun  , Ni’matuzahroh  , Fatimah
Published: April 2024

Biosurfactant is a secondary metabolite which has properties and structures such as surfactants that are able to decrease surface tension water and cause microsolubilization or emulsification. Biosurfactants are active compounds that are produced at the microbial cell surface or excreted especially Bacillus. Previous research reported that B. subtilis BK7.1 had ability to form biosurfactant. In this study, B. subtilis BK7.1 produced biosurfactant using a combination of molasse and glucose as a carbon source. The purpose of study was characterized biosurfactant from B. subtilis BK7.1 by counting the emulsification index and the surface tension of supernatant, calculating (CMC) value, and examining stability of biosurfactant. B. subtilis BK7.1 could produce the biosurfactant from molasse and glucose with CMC value was about 4 g/L. Biosurfactant of B. subtilis BK7.1 could reduce the surface tension of medium from 54.68 to 49.2 mN/m, emulsify kerosene around 15.8%, had temperature stability in the range of 27⁰C to 45⁰C, and had stability at pH 6. This study showed that the use of molasses waste combined with glucose in biosurfactant production was very efficient and had potential for further applications.
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Kabau Seed Pod Extract from South Lampung
Authors: Nurma Riana Elisa , Aulia Shafira , Azizah Novita , Afiqa Khairani Iffa , Ariyanti Yanti , Husna Imaniar Lisana , Setiawan Tirta
Published: April 2024

The “Julang-jaling” or Kabau plant is a common vegetation found in Sumatra. Kabau seeds are used by local communities in Sumatra as a culinary ingredient and spice. Several studies have demonstrated that Archidendron bubalinum, a species of Kabau plant, contains phytochemical compounds including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. However, the utilization of Kabau’s seed pod remains limited and remains unexplored. This research aims to describe the morphological characteristics of the Kabau plant from South Lampung Regency, followed by analyzing the phytochemical compounds, and antioxidant activity of the Kabau seed pod extract. Qualitative phytochemical screening was conducted qualitatively to detect the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, tannins, steroids, and triterpenoids. Antioxidant activity was analyzed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Identification of morphological characteristics presented that Archidendron jiringoides in this study had several differences compared to Archidendron bubalinum. i.e seed arrangement and diameter; seed pod length, diameter, shape, and colour; also twig shape. The result of qualitative phytochemical screening of kabau (Archidendron jiringoides) seed pod extract showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, tannins, and triterpenoids. The antioxidant activity (IC50) value of 32.01 μg/ml. The antioxidant potential observed in the extract of kabau seed pods was categorized as very strong.
Increasing the protein content of seeds as a factor in increasing the efficiency of soybean production
Authors: Lukyanova Olga , Konkina Vera , Pravdina Elena , Vavilova Natalya , Antoshina Olga
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the production of soybeans in Russia and the Ryazan region. Identified, that the main production is concentrated in the Far Eastern and Central Federal Districts. During the analysis it was determined, that in all subjects of the Russian Federation there is an increase in sown areas and gross levies. In the Ryazan region for 2018-2022. Sown area increased by 5 times, The gross amount of 7,7 times. The article analyzes the factors, Impact on Soy Crops. During the study identified, that in order to obtain a potential yield, precipitation must occur exclusively during the growing season. Light mode is another factor in soybean yield. For complete ripening in the Ryazan region, soybean varieties should be chosen, for which the light day lasts 19-20 hours. In the Ryazan region, varieties that do not meet these conditions are used. If the conditions for precipitation are met, the duration of daylight hours and the duration of vegetation can be ensured to increase the yield and protein content of soybeans. The work was clarified, What if you increase the protein content of soy by 5%, This will result in an efficiency increase of 37 percentage points.
Metods for creating salt – tolerant long – grin varieties in Karakalpakstan
Authors: Abillaev U. , Abdullaev B.U. , Ergashev I. , Kamalov M.M.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of breeding methods for creating salt-tolerant long – grain rice varieties. For this purpose, collection samples and the best varieties of rice from different ecological and geographical zones were studied according to agrobiological characteristics in comparison with the zoned ultra-early ripening long – grain varieties “Sanam”. After a comprehensive study and comprehensive assessment in the field conditions, ultra-early ripening long-grain forms with positive traits and properties were identified. These selected varieties were assessed far salt tolerance in laboratory conditions during the seed germination phase in an artificially created 1.5% solution (NaCl) of sodium chloride. A high concentration of sodium chloride has an adverse effect on germination rates and seedling size. At high concentrations of saline solution, these indicators sharply decrease in all studied varieties. However, such a decrease, depending on the genotypic characteristics of the variety samples, does not occur to the same extent. Under saline conditions, the characteristic differences between the characteristic of the seedling and the root system changes greatly. The growth and formation of roots was particularly inhibited compared aboveground part of the seedlings. Changes in the performance of the root system in a saline environment for the better can be considered adaptive properties to stressful salinity conditions. Based on the study of germination and seedling parameters, the most salt-tolerant varieties were identified, including Almaz; D-42 (D-11) 35-05-2); D-134 (D-34) (D-143); D-61 (K-316) Viktoriya). These varieties successfully overcome the adverse effects of high concentrations, of sodium chloride solution.
Can arctic seaweed extracts be used as biological nematicides against potato cyst-forming nematode?
Authors: Matveeva Elizaveta , Kalinkina Daria , Sushchuk Anna
Published: April 2024

The study was aimed on the assessment of extracts from two arctic brown seaweeds Ascophyllum nodosum and Laminaria digitata as biological nematicides against phytoparasitic nematodes. Potato cyst-forming nematode Globodera rostochiensis Woll. was used as test organism. Seaweed extracts were got from Arkhangelsk Seaweed Factory LLC. Extracts of A. nodosum and L. digitata have been experimentally shown to have nematicidal properties against the dangerous potato pest G. rostochiensis. The addition of seaweed extracts to potato root diffusates slowed down nematode juvenile hatching process, affected the contents of cysts, reducing the reproductive potential of the plant-parasitic nematode. Research highlights the perspectives of using seaweed extracts in nematode-infested fields for control crop pests.
Quality indicators of compositions from drone brood and royal jelly
Authors: Mitrofanov Dmitriy , Budnikova Nataliya , Giniyatullin Marat
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the work was to compare two technological methods for preparing a combined product from royal jelly and drone brood. Methodology. The research was carried out at the Federal Scientific Center for Beekeeping. The material for the research was dry adsorbed drone brood, dried adsorbed royal jelly, compositions of royal jelly and drone brood prepared in two ways. The first method was the joint adsorption of royal jelly and drone brood, and the second was separate adsorption and drying followed by joint dry granulation of the components. The data obtained show that the differences in the physicochemical parameters of the products obtained by different methods are insignificant. The composition has intermediate values of physicochemical parameters between drone brood and royal jelly.
Analytical review of causative agents of infectious mastitis in cattle
Authors: Lyashchuk Yulia , Ovchinnikov Alexey , Belyakov Mikhail , Samarin Gennady
Published: April 2024

The work analyzes the registered cases of infectious mastitis in cattle. Based on the results of the analysis, the most common pathogens of mastitis were identified and the tendency of their predominance in different years of the period under review was determined.
Formation of a knowledge base for selecting parameter values for the working parts of the TORUM rotary combine
Authors: Dimitrov Valery , Nurutdinova Inna , Papchenko Alexey
Published: April 2024

The work examines the problem of adjusting the adjustable parameters of the axial-rotor threshing-separating device (ARTSD) of the TORUM grain harvester. A general block diagram of the solution has been constructed. To formalize the problem, a linguistic approach was used, which makes it possible to describe complex multi-level systems with ambiguous dependencies between input factors and controlled parameters. The feasibility of using an intelligent information system based on fuzzy logic to solve the problem of setting the adjustable parameters of a combine harvester is substantiated. The article presents the implementation of the first stage of solving the problem of designing an intelligent information system for setting the adjustable parameters of a combine harvester, constructing a formal logical scheme for solving the problem, and creating a fuzzy knowledge base that forms the basis of this information system. Options for pre-setting for harvesting various crops are considered. Models of the considered features in the form of membership functions are proposed. Basic and extended term sets are established. The consistency of the models was analyzed and the optimal models were selected. The results of the solutions obtained are illustrated. Based on expert information about the system of complex relationships between environmental factors and the adjustable parameters of the combine, a fuzzy knowledge base was created that establishes rules for the deductive conclusion of decisions about the values of parameters in various combinations of external conditions.
Innovative potential of apitechnology development in the modern world
Authors: Stratienko Elena , Katunina Nataliya , Khlopyanikov Alexander , Borisova Irina , Krupskaya Yuliana
Published: April 2024

This scientific material shows an alternative possibility of using larval raw materials of bee origin to justify its use in the latest food technology - apitechnology. We have studied all types of larvae of the bee family, however, drone larvae at the age of seven to nine days (until the moment of their sealing) were promising. Further, a paste was prepared from them by grinding to a finely dispersed consistency, sublimation dried in a vacuum environment according to an individually developed technology with the preservation of biologically active substances (beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol) and biopolymers (proteins, fats, sugars) almost one hundred percent. The resultent powdery form - apiproduct is called BilarAccording to the research results, the following statements can be made: Bilar is a protein product with a mass fraction of protein of more than fifty percent, it contains reducing carbohydrates and high-quality fats. The amino acid composition of the Bilar protein fraction is represented by all essential amino acids. A new scientific result has been obtained namely apitechnology using bee products of larval origin with a high protein content, the technological parameters of growing drone larvae on an industrial scale.
Progressive methods of alkaline refining and bleaching of cottonseed oil
Authors: Suvanova Fayoza , Kholmurodova Zubayda , Bafoeva Guljamol , Saidov Abdi , Djabbarova Dulfuza
Published: April 2024

The article presents data from a study of the refining process of cottonseed oil, which differs from other vegetable oils in its complex composition and the presence of gossypol, which requires the use of alkali solutions (NaOH) of high concentration and in excess quantities. The use of magnetized solutions of sodium aluminate with a concentration of 15 to 25% has been proposed as an alkaline agent. Studies have shown that with the action of this reagent, a decrease in the acid number and color index of both press oil and oils obtained by extraction is observed.
Features of the distribution of species of the genus Ferula L. on the territory of the Turan lowland
Authors: Djumaniyozova Feruza , Nurniyozov Aktam , Mukumov Ilkhom
Published: April 2024

This article presents materials on the study of the distribution area of Ferula species in the flora of the Turonian lowland. The presented materials were obtained as a result of field research. Herbarium materials were collected during our research. The life forms of the plant were studied, and the chemical composition of Ferula species in the area was determined. The importance of Ferula species in agriculture was studied.
Evaluation of seven spring waters in Jizzakh region based on general chemical analysis (Gallaaral, Jizzakh, Uzbekistan)
Authors: Tashpulatova S.A. , Mudarisova R.H. , Valiyeva Z.O. , Saidova Sh.A. , Tursunova N.A.
Published: April 2024

Chemical (oxidation, oxygen demand, Al, CNS, As, Co, Ni, Zn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, Na, K, H2S, CO2, C (organic matter), total mineralization, B, Br, J, SiO2, total hardness, NO3-, Cl-, SO42-, HCO3-, CO32-, Fe (total), Mg2+, Ca2+, dry matter, pH, acidity, alkalinity, XPK) and physical (clarity, sedimentation, color level, odor) properties of water samples collected for analysis from 7 water springs (Spring No. 42, Spring No. 43, Spring No. 44, Spring No. 45, Spring No. 46, Spring No. 47, Spring No. 48) and it was investigated (during 2019-2022). The results of laboratory analyzes were evaluated and according to the results, it was proved that the spring water serves as a drinking water, but does not meet the requirements as a healing mineral water.
Influence of weather conditions on the dynamics of summer phytoplankton in the Kuibyshev reservoir
Authors: Selezneva Alexandra , Seleznev Vladimir
Published: April 2024

Based on observation data in the summer of 2019 and 2021, an assessment was made of changes in abiotic characteristics and chlorophyll (Chl) content in the Kuibyshev Reservoir. Regular observations were carried out at the outlet section of the reservoir (Zhigulevsky hydroelectric complex) under conditions of complete mixing of water masses. The main goal of the study is to assess the influence of abiotic factors on the chlorophyll content and the mass development of cyanobacteria. It has been established that the main influencing factors are thermal regime and weather conditions. 2019 is characterized as “cold”. The total number of days with water temperatures above 22 °C was only 11. The degree of favorability was low (23 °C ˃ t ˃ 22 °C). 2021 characterized as “warm”. The total number of days with water temperatures above 22 °C was 72. The degree of favorability varied widely: from low (23 °C ˃ t ˃ 22 °C) to extreme high (t ˃ 26 °C). The most favorable year for the mass development of cyanobacteria was 2021, when the Chl content over the summer period was 7.2 μg/dm3. The least favorable year was 2019, when the Chl content was 1.4 μg/dm3. Seasonally, the temperature optimum was observed annually in July. The Chl content in July 2021 was 12.6 μg/dm3, and in July 2019 – 1.8 μg/dm3. Significant variability in chlorophyll content is due to synoptic cyclicity and changing weather conditions. The established influence of thermal regime and weather conditions on the content of chlorophyll suggests that in conditions of global warming, the process of mass development of cyanobacteria is expected to intensify, which will negatively affect the ecological state and water quality of the Kuibyshev Reservoir.
Physico-chemical properties of Russian natural aluminosilicates for purification of aqueous environment
Authors: Kalaev Ramil , Razgovorov Pavel , Voronov Iliya
Published: April 2024

The paper analyses and compares the physico-chemical properties of aluminosilicate green clay and bentonite and diatomite from the Russian deposits. The research determines specific surface area and the morphological features of aluminosilicates, their pore sizes, and pore distribution by volume. The surface of the green clay includes silicon and aluminum oxides, montmorillonite, kaolinite, impurities of pyrite, saponite, micas, and hydrosludes. It also contains a lot of rounded particles with a diameter of 1-2 μm. According to the research, adsorption isotherms for mesoporous green clay samples belong to type IV; the samples of bentonite and diatomite (Middle Volga regions of Russia) belong to type II. They characterize the monolayer-multilayer concentration of solution components on macroporous bodies. Also the research revealed a sufficiently high amount of adsorbate (31 ml • g-1) to cover the surface of diatomite (Ulyanovsk region, Russia) with a monomolecular layer. The source minerals of diatomite are montmorillonite and muscovite. The study of adsorption and desorption branches for a bentonite sample (Samara region, Russia) indicates the processes asymmetry. Hence, we compared the ability to adsorb iron (II) and lead ions from aqueous systems using green clay extracted in different years (2017 and 2023).
Carbon pools in the steppes of the Republic of Tyva (Russia)
Authors: Sambuu Anna
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this work is to determine the reserves of carbon of plant matter (CPM) and carbon of soil organic matter (CSОM) in steppe ecosystems and agrocenoses of the Republic of Tuva, to assess the carbon cycle over the past 100 years due to changes in land use. The data obtained by us showed that in the territory of Tuva, until 1910, undisturbed vegetation was characterized by a natural mode of use. The replacement of natural ecosystems in agrocenoses since 1950 has led to a change in the carbon budget. Steppe ecosystems suffered the greatest carbon losses. The current supply of plant organic matter (POM) is 2–3 times less than the past. The carbon pool is decreasing from the forest steppe to the dry steppes. As in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and Khakassia, in Tuva a large proportion of carbon in agrocenoses is contained in soil organic matter. Since 1990 the reduction of arable land and the restoration of natural cover has begun. Currently, there is an accumulation of plant organic matter (POM) and a slow increase in the stock of soil organic matter (SОM), although at the local level, but it is the most effective way to mitigate the effects of the greenhouse effect.
Dynamics of mineral nitrogen in the soil during chickpea cultivation under the influence of bacterial and humic preparations
Authors: Patrikeev Evgeny , Polienko Elena , Bezuglova Olga
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of a field experiment to study the effect of biological preparations on the dynamics of mobile forms of nitrogen in 2021-2023. The tests were carried out in the conditions of the Rostov region, on ordinary carbonate chernozems. The experimental design included bacterial (Planriz, Geostim) and humic (BIO-Don 10, potassium humate) preparations, as well as different nutrition levels (without fertilizers and azofoska 250 kg/ha). Mineral nitrogen is characterized by high mobility; data on hydrothermal conditions and the dynamics of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen by year and nutrition level are presented. It has been established that the use of humic preparations stimulates plant nutrition, which is expressed in negative dynamics compared to the control; this effect is enhanced by the combined use of bacterial and humic preparations. As a result, the yield increased to 28.0% compared to the control and up to 24.9% compared to the background.