bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Evaluative Study of Criminalistics: A Case of South African Counterfeiting and Knock-Off Menace
Authors: Thenga Godfrey
Published: November 2021

Counterfeit goods are a health hazard to human life, environment and business. More so as the goods destroy the viability of legitimate businesses across the world. Counterfeit goods are characterized as a threat to the financial viability of legitimate businesses and has a dire impact on the tax revenue of countries, necessitating its effective and efficient policing for the financial wellbeing of countries. If not well managed, counterfeit goods could lead to unemployment, disinvestment and capital flight in countries. The available evidence reveals that even though counterfeit goods has dire consequences for the economic wellbeing of countries, its penalties in most African countries are less severe in comparison to penalties for other crimes. The sight of counterfeit goods in many places, such as on busy street corners and transportation terminals in the Southern parts of Africa, attests to its prevalence in the continent. Especially in South Africa as the country has become a transit point for contrabands. Post 1994, South Africa opened its borders to the world of branded and protected goods and this enabled rogue people to trade in counterfeit goods. Effective policing is hindered by the use of sophisticated skills and expertise that leads to counterfeit goods resembling genuine goods. Moreover, in South Africa, the problem persists despite the promulgation of the Counterfeit Goods Act 37 of 1997, thus questioning the effectiveness of the policing strategies in use to quell the problem.
Correlation of Communication and Compensation and Benefits on Employees Performance Mediated by Motivation Research on Companies Merger and Acquisition in Indonesia in Oil and Natural Gas Industry
Authors: Kucaladevi Amalia Nur , Etim, Sofyan Hernando  , Fathurokhman Dodi Thaufik , Razmjoo Okeowo, Tengku Mohd. Khairal Abdullah
Published: November 2021

Merger and Acquisition (M&A) is a common business practice in the twenty-first century. In M&A, human resource is the key to its success especially to create value-added for the company. Thereby, employees' performance shall be understood by the company towards its objectives. The purpose of this research is to examine what factors have potential effects on employees' performance in the context of companies after acquisition. Factors analyzed are communication and compensation & benefits, using motivation as a mediation factor on the relation between the factors to the employee's performance. Quantitative method is used in this research, whereas the data is collected by online questionnaire to 215 respondents of employees in four oil and gas companies in Indonesia after their acquisition by the state-owned enterprise within the period 2015-2018. Data analysis is processed with the help of SPSS of path analysis and Sobel test to test the hypotheses. Findings show that communication and compensation & benefits have a significant correlation on employees' performance. In addition, Motivation as a mediation variable also intervenes the correlation of communication and compensation & benefits to employees' performance.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Penyakit Dekompresi pada Nelayan Penyelam Tradisional di Pulau Barrang Lompo
Authors: B Yuliana , Mahmud Nur Ulmy , Sumiaty
Published: November 2021

Berdasarkan laporan Divers Alert Network (DAN), tingkat kejadian penyakit dekompresi (DCS) dalam penyelaman komersial dilaporkan sebesar 35.3 per 10.000 penyelaman. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya risiko kejadian penyakit dekompresi pada nelayan penyelam tradisional di Pulau Barrang Lompo tahun 2020. Metode penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling, jumlah sampel sebanyak 118 responden yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lama menyelam tidak memenuhi syarat menyelam sebanyak 81 responden (68.6%), Kedalaman menyelam tidak aman sebanyak 66 responden (55.9%), frekuensi menyelam lebih 2 kali sehari sebanyak 102 responden (86.4%), cara naik kepermukaan dengan berhenti disetiap kedalaman tertentu (perlahan) sebanyak 112 responden (94.9%), masa kerja tidak memenuhi syarat menyelam sebanyak 89 responden (75.4%).
The Tabulae Eclypsium by Giovanni Bianchini
Authors: Chabás José , Goldstein Bernard R.
Published: November 2021

The Tabulae eclypsium by Giovanni Bianchini (d. after 1469) was part of a larger work, the Flores Almagesti, on mathematical astronomy. In his work on eclipses, which hitherto has not been studied in depth, Bianchini compiled new tables, strictly adhering to Ptolemy’s procedures, and explained their use by means of worked examples to facilitate the task of computers. Bianchini’s works were influential among his contemporaries, especially Peurbach and his student Regiomontanus, with whom Bianchini corresponded. For a variety of reasons, Regiomontanus’ works have eclipsed Bianchini’s. In this article, we present one of Bianchini’s major works, with the aim of restoring a more balanced perspective on 15th-century mathematical astronomy in Europe. Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by José Chabás and Bernard R. Goldstein Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37699/28698 Corresponding Author: José Chabás, Universitat Pompeu FabraE-Mail: jose.chabas@upf.edu
The Babylonian Dodecatemoria and Calendar Texts: Inverse Schemes for Determining Position and Times for the Schematic Sun and Moon
Authors: Brack-Bernsen Lis
Published: November 2021

The Dodecatemoria may be understood as a very simple reproduction of the Moon’s movement: for each day in the schematic year, the Dodecatemoria-scheme gives the position of the schematic Moon in the zodiacal circle. The Moon’s angular velocity was calculated as 13°/day and the Sun’s, as 1°/day. The scheme of the Calendar Texts may also be interpreted astronomically: for each position in the zodiacal circle, it gives the date at which the schematic Moon was in that position. We know that the schemes are inverse. A closer analysis of the texts accompanying the Calendar Text (LBAT 1586+1587) shows that the Babylonians also knew and utilized that fact as well.
Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Lis Brack-Bernsen
Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37701/28699
Corresponding Author: Lis Brack-Bernsen, University of RegensburgE-Mail: lis.brackbernsen@ur.de
The Creation of the World in Jewish Esoteric Philosophy
Authors: De Souza Igor H.
Published: November 2021

A discussion of Création du monde et limites du langage. Sur l’art d’écrire des philosophes juifs médiévaux by David Lemler. Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Igor H. De Souza Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37702/28700 Corresponding Author: Igor H. De Souza, Yale UniversityE-Mail: igor.h.desouza@yale.edu
The Circulation of Treatises on Divination and Magic from the 12th to the 17th Century
Authors: Rossi Pietro B.
Published: November 2021

A discussion of Geomancy and Other Forms of Divination edited by Alessandro Palazzo and Irene Zavattero and of La magia naturale tra Medioevo e prima età moderna edited by Lorenzo Bianchi and Antonella Sannino.
Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Pietro B. Rossi
Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37704/28701
Corresponding Author: Pietro B. Rossi, University of TurinE-Mail: pietro.bassianorossi@unito.it
In memoriam Noel M. Swerdlow
Authors: Bowen Alan C. , Rochberg Francesca
Published: November 2021

We have recently received the sad news that Noel Swerdlow (1941–2021) passed away this Saturday 24 July. Noel was a leading historian of science who specialized in premodern astronomy from the Babylonian astronomical ephemerides of the Hellenistic period across the entire range of Western astronomy to the Renaissance, focusing on the works of Regiomontanus, Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, Kepler, and Galileo.
Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by the Institute for Research in Classical Philosophy and Science
Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37705/28704
Corresponding Author: Alan C. Bowen, Institute for Research in Classical Philosophy and ScienceE-Mail: bowen@IRCPS.org
Das Horn des Steinbocks. Die Treppen und der Dachkiosk in Dendara als Quellen zum Neujahrsfest by Alexa Rickert
Authors: Bojowald Stefan
Published: November 2021

The publication reviewed here is a slightly revised version of the doctoral thesis submitted by the Alexa Rickert in 2017 to the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Tubingen. It deals with the evidence for the Egyptian Festival of the New Year found in the stairwells and roof kiosk of the Temple of Hathor in Dendara.
Reviewed by: Stefan Bojowald,
Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Stefan BojowaldThis open access publication is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37711/28721
Corresponding Author: Stefan Bojowald, Rheinische FriedrichWilhelms University BonnE-Mail: stefan.bojowald@t-online.de
The Rhetoric ­of­ Medicine: Lessons­ of­ Professionalism from ­Ancient Greece by Nigel Nicholson and Nathan R. Selden
Authors: Curtis Todd A.
Published: November 2021

This is not a book about formal or classical rhetoric in medical writing. The authors’ approach to “rhetoric” has more to do with examining the ethical elements found in the sociocultural conceptualizations and self-presentations of physicians, particularly in respect to ancient Greek physicians of the sixth and fifth centuries bc and modern physicians.
Reviewed by: Todd A. Curtis,
Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Todd A. CurtisThis open access publication is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37725/28727
Corresponding Author: Todd A. Curtis,University of Texas at AustinE-Mail: todd.curtis@utexas.edu
The Art of Divination in the Ancient Near East: Reading the Signs of Heaven and Earth by Stefan M. Maul
Authors: Jacobus Helen R.
Published: November 2021

This book’s contribution to the wider scholarly corpus on divination and to the history of the philosophy associated with this belief system rests on the various ways in which the gods speak as well as on the messages received by earthly mediators.
Reviewed by: Helen R. Jacobus,
Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Helen R. JacobusThis open access publication is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37726/28728
Corresponding Author: Helen R. Jacobus,University of ManchesterE-Mail: jacobus.helen@gmail.com
World Soul – Anima Mundi: The Origins and Fortunes of a Fundamental Idea edited by Christoph Helmig
Authors: Hoenig Christina
Published: November 2021

The idea of a world soul, first meaningfully explored in Western philosophy in Plato’s dialogue Timaeus, has been drawn on throughout its doctrinal history to explain the relationship between god and the cosmos with its ensouled life forms. It has played a fundamental role in accounts concerning the organization and nature of the physical universe and our human understanding thereof, and has thus featured in a range of cosmological, biological, and epistemological contexts. This collection of essays illustrates many such contexts, demonstrating that the world soul was a more or less continuous staple of ancient philosophical thought, at least until the time of the Neoplatonists. The volume follows its history chronologically, beginning with the world soul’s early stirrings in Heraclitus’ concept of universal λόγος, and ending with a glance at its Nachleben in Renaissance and early modern philosophy.
Reviewed by: Christina Hoenig,
Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Christina HoenigThis open access publication is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37728/28730
Corresponding Author: Christina Hoenig,University of PittsburghE-Mail: CMH159@pitt.edu
Mosaics of Knowledge: Representing Information in the Roman World by Andrew M. Riggsby
Authors: Morris Jason C.
Published: November 2021

With Mosaics of Knowledge, Andrew Riggsby has produced a very ambitious and thoughtprovoking book. Like Daryn Lehoux’s What Did the Romans Know? [2012], Riggsby’s new book reminds us that the Romans did not see science or technology as we do. However, where Lehoux focuses on a philosophical exploration of how the Romans made sense of the natural world, and why they saw such a different world from the one that we do, Riggsby explores how the Romans understood and used several types of information technology. Here I summarize and comment on what I consider to be the key contributions of each chapter. At the end of the review, I will give some general comments on the book as a whole. Reviewed by: Jason C. Morris, Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Jason C. Morris This open access publication is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND) Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37732/28733 Corresponding Author: Jason C. Morris,Independent ScholarE-Mail: Claudius.caecus@gmail.com
Anonymus Cantabrigiensis: Commentarium in Sophisticos Elenchos Aristotelis edited by Sten Ebbesen
Authors: Walker Gustavo Fernandez
Published: November 2021

The publication of the critical edition of this anonymous commentary on Aristotle’s Sophistical Refutations is something to be celebrated for numerous reasons. Needless to say, it is of great value for scholars interested in the reception of this particular item of the corpus Aristotelicum, especially since the editor is responsible for much of our current knowledge within the field. Reviewed by: Gustavo Fernandez Walker, Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Gustavo Fernandez WalkerThis open access publication is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND) Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37734/28735 Corresponding Author: Gustavo Fernandez Walker,University of GothenburgE-Mail: gustavo.fernandez.walker@gu.se
Brill’s Companion to the Reception of Galen edited by Petros Bouras-Vallianatos and Barbara Zipser
Authors: Devinant Julien
Published: November 2021

With 31 chapters and over nearly 700 densely written pages, this bulky volume manages the difficult task of giving a comprehensive account of the afterlife of the Greek physician Galen (129–216 ad). Over the past few decades, his work has aroused much interest to the point that such a book has become increasingly desirable, if not necessary. Reviewed by: Julien Devinant Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Julien DevinantThis open access publication is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND) Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37735/28736 Corresponding Author: Julien Devinant,Centre Léon Robin, Sorbonne UniversitéE-Mail: julien.devinant@normalesup.org
Le Physiologus grec: 1. La réécriture de l’histoire naturelle antique by Stavros Lazaris
Authors: Van den Abeele Baudouin
Published: November 2021

The Greek Physiologus is an early Christian collection of some 40 shortchapters on animals (and a few plants and stones), each describing the appearance and the properties of the creature and disclosing its theological or moral sense. The text is the basis of a long and rich tradition of versions in various languages, currently known as bestiaries in Latin and in the European vernacular languages. This tradition has been studied since the 19th century and its bibliography is abundant. Its initial version, however, is still subject to debate and this recent book by Stavros Lazaris takes up the question in a fundamental way.
Reviewed by: Baudouin Van den Abeele,
Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Baudouin Van den AbeeleThis open access publication is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37738/28737
Corresponding Author: Baudouin Van den Abeele,UCLouvain UniversityE-Mail: baudouin.vandenabeele@uclouvain.be
Richard de Fournival et les sciences au XIIIe siècle edited by Joëlle Ducos and Christopher Lucken
Authors: Polloni Nicola
Published: November 2021

Edited by Joëlle Ducos and Christopher Lucken, Richard de Fournival et les sciences au XIIIe siècle focuses on one of the most fascinating intellectuals of the 13th century. Although Fournival studied in Paris and lived for some time in Rome, it was in Amiens that he spent most of his life. In some respects, Fournival may be compared with his English contemporary Robert Grosseteste. Both were polymaths interested in science, theology, and literature. Although less prolific than Grosseteste, Richard de Fournival wrote literary works in French—the most renowned being his Bestiaire d’Amours—and a number of scientific treatises. Some of these works are lost (e.g., his treatise on urines), while others such as his De arte alchemica are ascribed to him in the manuscript tradition, yet their attribution is still questioned.
Reviewed by: Nicola Polloni,
Published Online (2021-08-31)Copyright © 2021 by Nicola PolloniThis open access publication is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/aestimatio/article/view/37739/28738
Corresponding Author: Nicola Polloni,KU LeuvenE-Mail: nicola.polloni@kuleuven.be
STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL OF TEACHERS' MINDSETS, SELF-EFFICACY, AND EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCES AND IRANIAN EFL LEARNERS' WILLINGNESS TO COMMUNICATE AND L2 MOTIVATIONAL SELF SYSTEM
Authors: Amirian Zahra , Shayanfar Mitra , Rezazadeh Mohsen
Published: November 2021

This study aimed at investigating the interrelationships between EFL teachers' mindsets, self-efficacy, and emotional experiences and Iranian EFL learners' willingness to communicate (WTC) and L2 motivational self system (L2MSS). The participants of this study were 100 Iranian teachers and 501 students of the same EFL teachers, both male and female randomly selected from high schools. To fulfill the purpose of the study, teachers were asked to complete four questionnaires to measure their implicit theories of intelligence, efficacy, and emotional experiences including their burnout symptoms. Learners were required to complete two questionnaires to measure their willingness to communicate and L2 motivational self system. The results of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) revealed a significant structural relationship among all variables. Results also indicated that motivation was the strongest direct predictor of willingness to communicate. WTC was also indirectly correlated with teachers' implicit theories, efficacy, and emotional experiences through the mediating effect of L2MSS.
Perancangan Program Penjualan Mainan Berbasis Web Menggunakan Metode Extreme Programming
Authors: Sayfulloh Asep
Published: November 2021

Pemanfaatan teknologi komputer dan internet semakin meningkatkan efisiensi dan kualitas dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan diberbagai bidang, misalnya dalam bidang perdagangan. Penilitian ini adalah Untuk mengoptimalisasikan media informasi online, yang merupakan media pemasaran online agar customer lebih efisien untuk mendapatkan produk yang dibutuhkan. Dalam pengembangan perangkat lunak terdapat beberapa pendekatan atau metode yang digunakan, dalam penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah Extreme Programming (XP) untuk membangun aplikasi penjualan ini. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan bahwa aplikasi penjualan mainan berbasis web ini berhasil dibuat dengan menggunakan bahasa pemograman PHP yang dikombinasikan dengan database MySql. Extreme Programming (XP) merupakan sebuah proses rekayasa perangkat lunak yang cenderung menggunakan pendekatan berorientasi objek dan sasaran dari metode ini adalah tim yang dibentuk dalam skala kecil sampai medium. Kelebihan pemesanan produk dalam website ini adalah menghemat waktu dan biaya yang dibandingkan dengan pemesanan secara langsung datang ke toko, dan pembeli dapat melihat katalog yang dapat langsung dilihat di halaman website ini.
Perancangan Sistem Perhitungan Pajak Penghasilan Berbasis Web dengan Metode Gross Up
Authors: Ramadhani Eko Nur , Wiranto Wiranto , Giffary Muhammad Kevin
Published: November 2021

Perhitungan pajak PPh 21 pada CV. Buana Makmur Consulting masih menggunakan cara manual menggunakan software microsoft excel sehingga menjadikan cara itu tidak efisien. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang sebuah aplikasi berbasis web untuk menghitung pajak PPh 21 dengan metode Gross Up agar mempermudah prosedur kinerja suatu perusahaan dengan adanya aplikasi perhitungan PPh 21 ini diharapkan mempersingkat waktu perhitungan PPh21 bagi pemotong pajak di perusahaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam perancangan sistem informasi ini adalah metode waterfall. Metode ini digunakan peneliti untuk mengembangkan sistem-sistem perangkat lunak dengan memiliki alur hidup perangkat lunak secara terurut yang dimulai dari analisa, desain, pengodean dan pengujian. Perancangan sistem menggunakan Unified Modelling Language, Bahasa pemograman PHP dan database MySQL. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan aplikasi perhitungan PPh 21 berbasis web menggunakan metode Gross Up sehingga lebih cukup menghemat waktu dalam perhitungan PPh 21 dan mampu menghasilkan outputan yang dapat di simpan sebagai rekapan data.
Aplikasi Buku Register Perkara di Unit Reskrim Polsek Marangkayu
Authors: Saputri Herlina Bintang , Fahrullah Fahrullah , Riyayatsyah Riyayatsyah
Published: November 2021

Aplikasi register berkas perkara di Unit Reskrim Polsek Marangkayu dibuat untuk memudahkan admin dalam menginput data perkara sehingga admin tidak perlu lagi mengerjakan secara manual untuk menginput data. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan dalam pembuatan aplikasi ini adalah waterfall dengan alat bantu yang digunakan yaitu Flow of Document, Context Diagram, Data Flow Digram, Entity Relationship Diagram, dan Hierarchy Input Process Output. Metode pengujian sistem yang digunakan yaitu black box testing. Dengan adanya aplikasi mindik berkas perkara berbasis website di Unit Reskrim Polsek Marangkayu dapat membantu admin dalam penginputan data mindik berkas perkara agar menjadi lebih praktis selain itu juga dapat membantu mengurangi penggunaan kertas dalam proses data mindik berkas perkara.
Modelling Sport Events with Supervised Machine Learning
Authors: BARMAN İrem , DEMİR İbrahim
Published: November 2021

It has been very important to understand the change of multivariable systems to make predictions accordingly. The goal of supervised machine learning is to build a model of changing classes of observations depending on various variables and to make predictions about the coming situations. Due to the fact that sports are followed by the whole world modelling sports events and studies about predicting the results of future matches have gained importance. In this study, match statistics of the teams in the Turkey Super League were used, and it was examined how successfully the outcome of the match was predicted using a decision tree, random forest, k-nearest neighbor, naive Bayes, support vector machine. According to the tests done in Turkey Super League, the support vector machine performs the best.
Produksi Ikan Asin Kadar Garam Rendah Dengan Pengawet Alami Atung (Parinarium Glaberimum Hassk) Pada Pengolah Di Dusun Parigi Wahai Seram Utara
Authors: Moniharapon Trijunianto , Pattipeilohy Fredy , Soukotta Lilian M , Mailoa Meigy N , Moniharapon Mechiavel
Published: November 2021

Semakin sering penggunaan bahan pengawet bukan untuk pangan yang diterapkan pada pangan di Indonesia. Pada   pembuatan ikan asin gencarnya pemakaian bahan untuk pengawet yang tidak direkom pemerintah dalam hal ini BPOM; seperti formalin, baygon dan lain-lain. Dilain sisi adanya inovasi teknologi garam rendah dengan kombinasi pengawet alami atung untuk produksi ikan kering jemur bermutu tinggi. Di Seram Utara banyak tersedia ikan tuna under sized dari limbah produksi tuna loin dan cakalang. Pemasok ikan asin terbesar ke kota Ambon dan sekitarnya dari Seram Utara, tetapi ikan asin yang dihasilkan berasa asin sekali karena penggunaan garam yang terlalu tinggi yaitu 30-40% pada proses pengolahan yang bila dikonsumsi berdampak negatif pada kesehatan manusia. Tujuan pengabdian adalah menerapkan inovasi teknologi garam rendah dengan kombinasi atung untuk meningkatkan kualitas ikan kering jemur dari Tuna dan Cakalang pada pengolah di dusun parigi desa Wahai kecamatan Seram Utara kabupaten Maluku Tengah.
Metode pelaksanaan melalui penyuluhan, pelatihan, penerapan dan pendampingan, serta monitoring dan evaluasi serta difusi dan penerapan ipteks. Materi penyuluhan terdiri atas: 1). Preparasi Larutan Pengawet Atung; 2). Pengolahan Ikan asin Tuna dan Cakalang dan 3). Wirausaha kaum perempuan. Mitra masyarakat dibagi atas dua kelompok yaitu kelompok ikan asin Tuna dan kelompok ikan asin Cakalang. Tampak mitra mengikuti semua kegiatan pengabdian dengan serius dan antusias ini terbukti dari postest yang dilakukan. Kelompok ikan kering Tuna mendapat nilai 94,5 dan kelompok ikan kering Cakalang bernilai 94,0. Dilain sisi profil mutu produk hasil pengabdian ini dengan penggunaan kadar garam 10% (W/V) dan Atung 5% (W/V) adalah sebagai berikut: Ikan Tuna kering dan ikan Cakalang kering terdiri atas:  kadar air, kadar protein, kadar garam,TPC, rupa, bau, rasa dan tekstur yang terurut sebagai berikut: 27,35 dan 28.31; 68.13 dan 67.02; 4.15 dan 4.6; 1.50x104 dan 6.16x104; 8.8 dan 8.4; 8.7 dan 8.3; 8.7 dan 8.2; 8.6 dan 8.2.
Composite hyaluronate-type I collagen-fibrin scaffold in the therapy of osteochondral defects in miniature pigs
Authors: Filová E , Rampichová M , Handl M , Lytvynets A , Halouzka R , Usvald D , Hlučilová J , Procházka R , Dezortová M , Rolencová E , Trč T , Šťastný E , Koláčná L , Hájek M , Motlík J , Amler E
Published: November 2021

The potential of novel scaffold containing sodium hyaluronate, type I collagen, and fibrin was investigated in the regeneration of osteochondral defects in miniature pigs. Both autologous chondrocyte-seeded scaffolds and non-seeded scaffolds were implanted into two defects located in the non-weight-bearing zone of the femoral trochlea (defect A was located more distally and medially, defect B was located more proximally and laterally). Control defects were left untreated. Twelve weeks after the operation, the knees were evaluated in vivo using MRI. Six months after the implantation, the defects were analyzed using MRI, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis. In the A defects of chondrocyte-seeded scaffold group, hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage was formed, containing type II collagen, acidic and neutral glycosaminoglycans while the non-seeded scaffold group was predominantly filled with fibrocartilage. Defects in the control group were predominantly filled with fibrous tissue. Histomorphometric analysis of photomicrographs revealed a significantly higher amount of hyaline cartilage in the cell-seeded scaffold group in A defects than in other groups. Both scaffold groups in A defects showed significantly less fibrous tissue than cell-seeded defects B and the control group. Both histological and MRI analysis proved that the novel composite scaffold has a potential to regenerate osteochondral defects within six months.
Viscoelasticity of biological materials – measurement and practical impact on biomedicine
Authors: Kuchařová M , Ďoubal S , Klemera P , Rejchrt P , Navrátil M
Published: November 2021

Mechanical behavior of biological structures under dynamic loading generally depends on elastic as well as viscous properties of biological materials. The significance of "viscous" parameters in real situations remains to be elucidated. Behavior of rheological models consisting of a combination of inertial body and two Voigt's bodies were described mathematically with respect to inverse problem solution, and behavior in impulse and harmonic loadings was analyzed. Samples of walls of porcine and human aorta thoracica in transverse direction and samples of human bone (caput femoris, substantia compacta) were measured. Deformation responses of human skin in vivo were also measured. Values of elastic moduli of porcine aorta walls were in the interval from 10(2)kPa to 10(3) kPa, values of viscous coefficients were in the interval from 10(2) Pa.s to 10(3) Pa.s. The value of shear stress moduli of human caput femoris, substantia compacta range from 52.7 to 161.1 MPa, and viscous coefficients were in the interval from 27.3 to 98.9 kPa.s. The role of viscous coefficients is significant for relatively high loading frequencies - in our materials above 8 Hz in aorta walls and 5 Hz for bones. In bones, the viscosity reduced maximum deformation corresponding to short rectangular stress.
Effects of static magnetic field and pulsed electromagnetic field on viability of human chondrocytes in vitro
Authors: Štolfa Š , Škorvánek M , Štolfa P , Rosocha J , Vaško G , Sabo J
Published: November 2021

Effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on human cell lines were described in numerous studies, but still many questions remain unanswered. Our experiment was designed with the aim of studying the effects of EMFs on the metabolic activity of chondrocytes in vitro. Human chondrocyte in vitro cultures, cultured in medium supplemented with 20 % fetal calf serum, were exposed to static magnetic field (SMF) (intensity of 0.6 T) and pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) (21.2 MHz period of 15 ms, burst duration of 2 ms, amplification 3 dBm (0.1 V) and maximum output of 250 W) continually for 72 h. After the exposure, viability was determined using the MTT test and compared with a non-exposed control culture. As compared to the control sample the exposure to SMF resulted in a statistically significant increase (p 0.001) in viability. However, the increase of viability after PEMF exposure was not significant. This could be due to the frequency dependent effect on human cells. The experiments demonstrated that magnetic fields, using the above parameters, have a positive effect on the viability of human chondrocytes cultured in vitro.
Biochemical characterization of catilages by a novel approach of blunt impact testing
Authors: Varga F , Držík M , Handl M , Chlpík J , Kos P , Filová E , Rampichová M , Trč T , Amler E
Published: November 2021

The present article introduces a novel method of characterizing the macromechanical cartilage properties based on dynamic testing. The proposed approach of instrumented impact testing shows the possibility of more detailed investigation of the acting dynamic forces and corresponding deformations within the wide range of strain rates and loads, including the unloading part of stress-strain curves and hysteresis loops. The presented results of the unconfined compression testing of both the native joint cartilage tissues and potential substitute materials outlined the opportunity to measure the dissipation energy and thus to identify the initial mechanical deterioration symptoms and to introduce a better definition of material damage. Based on the analysis of measured specimen deformation, the intact and pathologically changed cartilage tissue can be distinguished and the differences revealed.
Temperature dependence of blood surface tension
Authors: Rosina J , Kvašňák E , Šuta D , Kolářová H , Málek J , Krajčí L
Published: November 2021

Whole blood surface tension of 15 healthy subjects recorded by the ring method was investigated in the temperature range from 20 to 40 degrees C. The surface tension omega as a function of temperature t ( degrees C) is described by an equation of linear regression as omega(t) = (-0.473 t + 70.105) x 10(-3) N/m. Blood serum surface tension in the range from 20 to 40 degrees C is described by linear regression equation omega(t) = (-0.368 t + 66.072) x 10(-3) N/m and linear regression function of blood sediment surface tension is omega(t) = (-0.423 t + 67.223) x10(-3) N/m.
Pyramid projection – validation of a new method of skin defect measurement
Authors: Růžička J , Nový P , Vávra F , Bolek L , Beneš J
Published: November 2021

This paper presents a new method for the determination of the volume, surface area and depth of skin defects. The method is based on the description of a spatial defect using a pyramid (made, for example, from injection needles), which is placed over the defect. The projection of the pyramid on to the defect is photographed using a digital camera and subsequently compared with the projection of the same pyramid on to a sheet of grid paper. The defect is mathematically reconstructed on a computer, and an optimal body shape describing the defect is found, using a number of simplifications and assumptions. The method was then validated using a plaster mold of a real foot with 19 defects simulating real wounds. These plaster wounds were molded using alginate hydrocolloid, and the volume, surface area and depth were measured and compared with the results of the pyramid projection by means of regression analysis.This method correlates in all variables with correlation coefficients higher than 0.9. It can be concluded that the projection pyramid method correlates well with the reference mold method and can be used with good results for a whole range of variables.
Models of stents – Comparison and applications
Authors: Záhora J , Bezrouk A , Hanuš J
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to analyze the possibilities of various types of stent modeling and to develop some new models. A brief survey of basic properties of stents and a list of basic designs of stents is presented. Two approaches to stent modeling were identified. Structural mechanics is the theoretical background of our analytical model of a spiral stent. The finite element method was also used. The measurement equipment for model evaluation was developed.
P-Wave body surface isointegral maps in children and in young adults
Authors: Kozlíková K
Published: November 2021

Only limited data are available on body surface potential distribution during atrial activation. The aim of this study was to establish the distributions and to analyze chosen quantitative parameters of atrial isointegral maps recorded using a limited 24-lead system in a young healthy population. A total of 166 subjects underwent a procedure of body surface potential mapping. Isointegral maps during the P wave were constructed and qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated. Three types of atrial activation in individual maps were found according to the different shape of the zero isointegral line and to mutual positions of extrema. The most frequently occurring type resembled the group mean maps and was in good agreement with published data obtained from full lead systems. The highest extrema were found in the young men group, while, surprisingly, the lowest values in the young women group. All minima and the majority of maxima were recorded outside the ranges of standard chest leads. The usefulness of the limited lead system to record isointegral P wave maps was shown and new data were presented that can be useful in noninvasive evaluation of atrial pathologies.
Plurilinguismo nell’area ladina dell’Alto Adige. Quando plurilinguismo istituzionale e individuale si intrecciano
Authors: Videsott Ruth
Published: November 2021

La convivenza storica di più lingue, elemento determinante delle vallate ladine in Alto Adige, ha contribuito all’instaurarsi di un plurilinguismo istituzionale sul territorio oltre che a creare un contesto sociolinguistico notevolmente eterogeneo, se si considerano i vari repertori linguistici individuali della comunità linguistica ladina. Con il presente contributo ci si propone di gettare luce sul ruolo del plurilinguismo scolastico/istituzionale per rafforzare la consapevolezza della diversità linguistica in merito al repertorio linguistico individuale e comunitario. Partendo da una breve analisi di interviste con bambini ladinofoni in età prescolare, si illustreranno alcuni brevi passaggi di lingua, per avanzare una riflessione sulla dimensione funzionale del plurilinguismo. Inoltre, alcune considerazioni in ottica di didattica delle lingue nelle scuole ladine amplieranno i risultati emersi.
Genetic Analysis of Children With Unexplained Developmental Delay and/or Intellectual Disability by Whole-Exome Sequencing
Authors: Xiang Jingjing , Ding Yang , Yang Fei , Gao Ang , Zhang Wei , Tang Hui , Mao Jun , He Quanze , Zhang Qin , Wang Ting
Published: November 2021

Background: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) has been recommended as a first-tier clinical diagnostic test for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). We aimed to identify the genetic causes of 17 children with developmental delay (DD) and/or intellectual disability (ID).

Methods: WES and exome-based copy number variation (CNV) analysis were performed for 17 patients with unexplained DD/ID.

Results: Single-nucleotide variant (SNV)/small insertion or deletion (Indel) analysis and exome-based CNV calling yielded an overall diagnostic rate of 58.8% (10/17), of which diagnostic SNVs/Indels accounted for 41.2% (7/17) and diagnostic CNVs accounted for 17.6% (3/17).

Conclusion: Our findings expand the known mutation spectrum of genes related to DD/ID and indicate that exome-based CNV analysis could improve the diagnostic yield of patients with DD/ID.
Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Function Analysis of Lineage-Specific Genes in the Tea Plant Camellia sinensis
Authors: Zhao Zhizhu , Ma Dongna
Published: November 2021

Genes that have no homologous sequences with other species are called lineage-specific genes (LSGs), are common in living organisms, and have an important role in the generation of new functions, adaptive evolution and phenotypic alteration of species. Camellia sinensis var. sinensis (CSS) is one of the most widely distributed cultivars for quality green tea production. The rich catechins in tea have antioxidant, free radical elimination, fat loss and cancer prevention potential. To further understand the evolution and utilize the function of LSGs in tea, we performed a comparative genomics approach to identify Camellia-specific genes (CSGs). Our result reveals that 1701 CSGs were identified specific to CSS, accounting for 3.37% of all protein-coding genes. The majority of CSGs (57.08%) were generated by gene duplication, and the time of duplication occurrence coincide with the time of two genome-wide replication (WGD) events that happened in CSS genome. Gene structure analysis revealed that CSGs have shorter gene lengths, fewer exons, higher GC content and higher isoelectric point. Gene expression analysis showed that CSG had more tissue-specific expression compared to evolutionary conserved genes (ECs). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed that 18 CSGs are mainly associated with catechin synthesis-related pathways, including phenylalanine biosynthesis, biosynthesis of amino acids, pentose phosphate pathway, photosynthesis and carbon metabolism. Besides, we found that the expression of three CSGs (CSS0030246, CSS0002298, and CSS0030939) was significantly down-regulated in response to both types of stresses (salt and drought). Our study first systematically identified LSGs in CSS, and comprehensively analyzed the features and potential functions of CSGs. We also identified key candidate genes, which will provide valuable assistance for further studies on catechin synthesis and provide a molecular basis for the excavation of excellent germplasm resources.
Regulation and Function of Interferon-Lambda (IFNλ) and Its Receptor in Asthma
Authors: Krammer Susanne , Sicorschi Gutu Cristina , Grund Janina C. , Chiriac Mircea T. , Zirlik Sabine , Finotto Susetta
Published: November 2021

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease affecting people of all ages, especially children, worldwide. Origins of asthma are suggested to be placed in early life with heterogeneous clinical presentation, severity and pathophysiology. Exacerbations of asthma disease can be triggered by many factors, including viral respiratory tract infections. Rhinovirus (RV) induced respiratory infections are the predominant cause of the common cold and also play a crucial role in asthma development and exacerbations. Rhinovirus mainly replicates in epithelial cells lining the upper and lower respiratory tract. Type III interferons, also known as interferon-lambda (IFNλ), are potent immune mediators of resolution of infectious diseases but they are known to be involved in autoimmune diseases as well. The protective role of type III IFNs in antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and antiprotozoal functions is of major importance for our innate immune system. The IFNλ receptor (IFNλR) is expressed in selected types of cells like epithelial cells, thus orchestrating a specific immune response at the site of viruses and bacteria entry into the body. In asthma, IFNλ restricts the development of TH2 cells, which are induced in the airways of asthmatic patients. Several studies described type III IFNs as the predominant type of interferon increased after infection caused by respiratory viruses. It efficiently reduces viral replication, viral spread into the lungs and viral transmission from infected to naive individuals. Several reports showed that bronchial epithelial cells from asthmatic subjects have a deficient response of type III interferon after RV infection ex vivo. Toll like Receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) expressed on infectious agents, and induce the development of antiviral and antibacterial immunity. We recently discovered that activation of TLR7/8 resulted in enhanced IFNλ receptor mRNA expression in PBMCs of healthy and asthmatic children, opening new therapeutic frontiers for rhinovirus-induced asthma. This article reviews the recent advances of the literature on the regulated expression of type III Interferons and their receptor in association with rhinovirus infection in asthmatic subjects.
Case Report: First Confirmed Case of Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 With Choclo orthohantavirus
Authors: Hesse Susana , Nuñez Heydy , Salazar Jacqueline R. , Salinas Tybbysay P. , Barrera Erika , Chong Ricardo , Torres Saúl , Cumbrera Amarellys , Olivares Idiamín , Junco Aimee , Matteo Christian , González Claudia , Chavarría Oris , Moreno Ambar , Góndola Jessica , Ábrego Leyda , Díaz Yamilka , Pitti Yaneth , Franco Danilo , Martínez-Montero Mabel , Pascale Juan Miguel , López-Vergès Sandra , Martínez Alexander A. , Armién Blas
Published: November 2021

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a major international public health concern. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on March 11, 2020. In Panama, the first SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed on March 9, 2020, and the first fatal case associated to COVID-19 was reported on March 10. This report presents the case of a 44-year-old female who arrived at the hospital with a respiratory failure, five days after the first fatal COVID-19 case, and who was living in a region where hantavirus pulmonary syndrome cases caused by Choclo orthohantavirus (CHOV), are prevalent. Thus, the clinical personnel set a differential diagnosis to determine a respiratory disease caused by the endemic CHOV or the new pandemic SARS-CoV-2. This case investigation describes the first coinfection by SARS-CoV-2 and CHOV worldwide. PCR detected both viruses during early stages of the disease and the genomic sequences were obtained. The presence of antibodies was determined during the patient’s hospitalization. After 23 days at the intensive care unit, the patient survived with no sequelae, and antibodies against CHOV and SARS-CoV-2 were still detectable 12 months after the disease. The detection of the coinfection in this patient highlights the importance, during a pandemic, of complementing the testing and diagnosis of the emergent agent, SARS-CoV-2, with other common endemic respiratory pathogens and other zoonotic pathogens, like CHOV, in regions where they are of public health concern.
Objective Assessments of Mental Fatigue During a Continuous Long-Term Stress Condition
Authors: Zhang Han , Wang Jingying , Geng Xinyi , Li Chuantao , Wang Shouyan
Published: November 2021

Prolonged periods of cognitive workload will cause mental fatigue, but objective, quantitative, and sensitive measurements that reflect long-term, stress-induced mental fatigue have yet to be elucidated. This study aims to apply a potential marker of Rényi entropy to investigate the mental fatigue changes in a long-term, high-level stress condition and compare three different instruments for assessment of mental fatigue: EEG, the oddball task, and self-scoring. We recruited nine individuals who participated in a 5-day intellectually challenging competition. The participants were assessed for mental fatigue each day of the competition using prefrontal cortex electroencephalogram (EEG). Reaction time in an oddball task and self-rated scoring were used comparatively to evaluate the performance of the EEG. Repeated measures ANOVA was utilized to analyze the differences among score, reaction time, and wavelet Rényi entropy. The results demonstrated that both wavelet Rényi entropy extracted from EEG and self-rated scoring revealed significant increases in mental fatigue during the 5 days of competition (P < 0.001). The reaction time of the oddball task did not show significant changes during the five-day competition (P = 0.066). Moreover, the wavelet Rényi entropy analysis of EEG showed greater sensitivity than the self-rated scoring and reaction time of the oddball task for measuring mental fatigue changes. In conclusion, this study shows that mental fatigue accumulates during long-term, high-level stress situations. The study also indicates that EEG wavelet Rényi entropy is an efficient metric to reflect the change of mental fatigue under a long-term stress condition and that EEG is a better method to assess long-term mental fatigue.