bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of qualitative morphological trait diversity in sugarcane (Saccharum spp., Hybrid) germplasm
Authors: Gemeda Belay Tolera , Gedebo Andargachew , Tena Esayas
Published: December 2022

The success of any crop improvement program depends on the extent of genetic diversity present in the germplasm. The current study's aim was to determine the level of qualitative morphological trait diversity among sugarcane germplasm. Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H’) values of characters for the 196 sugarcane genotypes ranged from 0.08 to 0.94, with a mean of value 0.65. This indicates the presence of a wide range of qualitative morphological trait variability among the sugarcane genotypes. The H' pooled across locations by character, and the H' pooled across characters by location, ranged from 0.06 to 0.82; and 0.00 to 0.84, respectively, with a mean value of 0.53 in both cases. Multivariate cluster analysis divided the entire sugarcane into three distinct groups. The distance between groups of genotypes, and a pair of individual sugarcane genotypes ranged from 9.77 to 12.74, and 0.51 to 15.56, respectively. The non-zero lowest distance value between genotypes 1 and 22 indicates that there was no duplication among the materials tested. Additionally, the lowest distance value between them indicates the presence of high qualitative morphological trait similarity emanating from high genetic resemblance. Conversely, the maximum distance value was observed between genotypes 82 and 132. This indicates that these two genotypes had highly contrasting and complementing qualitative morphological traits and, hence had high genetic divergence that could be utilized. Generally, we deduced that the study discovered high genetic diversity among the genotypes and identified divergent parental combinations to be used as parents to develop an improved sugarcane variety.
Effect of subanesthetic dose of esketamine on postoperative rehabilitation in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty
Authors: Min Menghang , Du Chengxu , Chen Xiaoying , Xin Wenqi
Published: December 2022

Objective To investigate the effect of postoperative analgesia with subanesthetic dose of esketamine on rehabilitation of elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty.
Methods 150 patients, ASA physical statusⅠ～Ⅱ, aged ≥ 60 years, no limitation in gender, BMI18 ~ 25 kg/cm2, who underwent selective total hip arthroplasty, according to random number table method, esketamine group (group A) and sufentanil group (group B) were randomized, 75 patients in each group. The two groups received general anesthesia method.At the end of the operation, PCIA was connected for analgesia. In group A, esketamine 2.5mg/kg was mixed with normal saline to 100ml. In group B, sufentanil 2.5ug/kg was mixed with normal saline to 100ml. Record the VAS scores after operation. Record the first ambulation time, ambulation distance and PCA compression times after operation. The incidence of postoperative adverse reactions such as drowsiness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, multilingual were recorded. ELISA was used to detect IL-6 and CRP in the morning, 24 hours and 72 hours after operation. The hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) score and Harris score at 3 days, 1 week and 1 month after operation were followed up.
Results There was no significant difference in VAS score and PCA compression times(P > 0.05), but the incidence of nausea, vomiting and dizziness in group B was higher than that in group A(P < 0.05). Compared with group B, the levels of IL-6 and CRP in group A at 24h and 72h after operation were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Postoperative ambulation time and ambulation distance in group A were better than those in group B(P < 0.05). The HAD score of group A was lower than that of group B at 3 days and 1 week after operation.(P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups at 1 month after operation (P > 0.05). The Harris score of group A was higher than that of group B at 3 days, 1 week and 1 month after operation(P < 0.05).
Conclusions Esketamine can reduce short-term postoperative anxiety and depression, relieve postoperative pain and stress response, shorten bed rest time after total hip replacement, and accelerate postoperative recovery.
Research on the challenge of population structure brought by China’s ‘Wu Zi’ culture - Impact of economic growth and housing prices on population ageing
Authors: Chai Kuang-Cheng , Liu Rui-Yang , Zhu Jia-wei , Lan Hao-Ran , Xi Wen-Tao , Chang Ke-Chiun
Published: December 2022

Whether China can avoid falling into the “ageing trap” and find the main causes of the persistent ageing problem are theoretical and practical issues that need to be explored in depth. Based on inter-provincial panel data from 2006–2019, this paper uses stepwise regression to investigate whether economic growth can influence population ageing through housing prices. The study finds that: firstly, economic growth has a positive effect on population ageing. Secondly, economic growth exacerbates population ageing through the mediating effect of housing prices. Thirdly, economic growth causes regional economic disparities, resulting in a higher level of population ageing in economically developed regions than in non-economically developed regions. From the results of the study, it appears that economic growth has resulted in a larger gap between the income of people of the right age and the price of housing, accompanied by a decline in mortality rates and an increase in the burden of old age under higher levels of medical care, a disincentive to have children and an increase in the problem of ageing. It is recommended that the reform of the housing system should be deepened to facilitate the release of fertility intentions and to overcome the “ageing trap”.
JEL: F012.4, F015, F036, F016, F037
Immediate autonomic nervous system activity in skin microcirculation during osteopathic cranial vault hold intervention
Authors: Pelz Holger , Keller Micha , Müller Gero , Mathiak Klaus , Mayer Johannes , Perlitz Volker
Published: December 2022

Effects of osteopathy in the cranial field (OCF) frequently involve changes in skin blood flow (SBF) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) functioning. ANS related frequency markers fell short to adequately explain physiological reactions in general as well as during OCF. An intermediate (IM) frequency band generated by a brainstem pacemaker expanded ANS research in SBF. Studying IM frequencies during OCF may provide new insights on treatment relevant ANS responses. Data from forehead SBF measurements in twenty-five healthy participants were recorded in a blocked design before, during, and following an osteopathic cranial vault hold (CVH) intervention. Analyses included momentary frequencies of highest amplitude (MFHA) from wavelet time-frequency distributions and amplitudes in low (0.05 – 0.12 Hz), intermediate (0.12 – 0.18 Hz), and high (0.18 – 0.4 Hz) frequency bands. During CVH, LF averaged interval durations significantly increased, while IM and HF band durations decreased. Amplitudes significantly increased in LF, IM and HF bands. A cluster analysis found individual response patterns where 77% of the participants exhibited a highly stable, slowed LF oscillation (0.07 Hz) while another group remained in an IM dominated mode. Further explorative analyses suggested that the increase of LF activity duration during CVH may be related to higher self-regulation ability. Rhythmic patterns due to sensory input reduction and CVH in SBF matched previous findings on a central pacemaker induced ‘0.15 Hz rhythm’/IM activity, which may explain physiological reactions during CVH. These findings suggest further investigations of the role of OCF interventions in ANS mediated disorders.
Photothermia at the nanoscale induces ferroptosis via nanoparticle degradation
Authors: Fromain Alexandre , Perez Jose , de Walle Aurore Van , Lalatonne Yoann , Wilhelm Claire
Published: December 2022

The Fe(II)-induced ferroptotic cell death pathway has contrasted the biocompatibility of magnetic nanoparticles while offering an additional asset in cancer therapy. Nevertheless, in magnetic nanoparticles, Fe(II) is sequestered within the crystal structure, and for it to become active the nanoparticles must be degraded, a transition that is not well understood. Here, the chemical environment necessary for nanoparticle degradation and subsequent Fe(II) release is dissected. Importantly, it is evidenced that temperature acts as accelerator of the process and can be triggered remotely by laser-mediated photothermal conversion, as evidenced by the loss of the nanoparticles’ magnetic fingerprint. Remarkably, the local hot-spot temperature generated at the nanoscale could be measured in operando, in the vicinity of each nanoparticle, by comparing the laser-induced nanoparticle degradation patterns with those of global heating. Further, remote laser exposure also acts as a degradation accelerator inside cancer cells in a tumor spheroid model, with efficiency correlating with the endocytosis progression state of the nanoparticles. High-throughput imaging quantification of Fe(II) release and cell death at spheroid level confirmed the synergistic thermo-ferroptotic therapy due to the laser-induced hot-spot-mediated degradation at the nanoparticles level.
Biomarkers in neurodegeneration: A beginner’s guide into curated gene expression analyses using publicly available datasets
Authors: Jan Asad
Published: December 2022

The availability of bioassays for the discovery of surrogate biomarkers reflecting neuronal dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases remains a significant challenge. With the advent of next generation sequencing technologies and refinements in genomic analyses, a substantial number of insightful datasets have recently been made available in the public domain. However, without sufficient background in programming or statistical analyses, many researchers find it a daunting task to parse such datasets. It is also likely that several researchers, especially younger researchers, are not sufficiently aware of these resources. The purpose of this brief Method/Resource article is to demonstrate the usability of publicly available datasets for probing disease relevance of candidate markers in common neurodegenerative diseases, using the microarray datasets accessible in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Without adopting any a priori hypothetical bias, the method presents new curated analyses, interrogating glutathione biogenesis, calcium signaling and autophagy related gene expression across the brain regions of 4 cohorts of PD patients and in a cohort of other neurodegenerative diseases. Using a step-by-step approach, the readers are familiarized with these datasets, and also guided to additional open-access online resources, with the anticipation that the method will be of great benefit to the research community in neurodegenerative diseases.
Digital Culture and Value Clash on TikTok: ‘Dancing Girl’ vs. Radical Feminist
Authors:   Serbian National Television, Dekic Elena
Published: December 2022

TikTok is the youngest and one of the most popular social networks in the world, and as such is a “mirror” of the values of new generations which illustrates the culture and values of young girls of the 21st century, provides an opportunity for public speaking to any audience, regardless of social status, worldview, profession and location. Notably, many of the most popular TikTok stars are young, feminine and sexy, white and rich women who dance and expose their bodies. On the contrary, there is a group of radical feminists on TikTok who do not dance but use humor to demonstrate sexism and discrimination against women. The author of the study at the time of writing analyzed the last 30 TikTok videos of four representatives of the “mainstream” values on TikTok, the socalled “dancing girls”, as well as the last 30 videos of four radical feminists. In total, 240 videos were analyzed by the modal method. The purpose of the study is to determine what values these two groups of women stand for. As a result, we found that between these two groups there is a confl ict of values, expressed in the discrepancy between ideas about the social status of women in Russia. Moreover, the results of the study show that there is a division of girls not only for the situation studied in the article but also for the modern media world in general. Nowadays, TikTok has become part of popular culture and therefore represents a reliable source of information for researchers involved in popular culture and the modern value system of the young.
The Humans and Non-Humans Interaction: the Features of Digital Discourse
Authors:   Institute of Scientifi c Information for Social Sciences Russian Academy of Sciences (INION RAN), Gavrilina Elena A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU)
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the interaction between people and digital non-human. The relevance is due to both the speed of the emergence and spread of digital technologies, during which digital non-human objects are created, and the specifi cs of the interaction of people and non-human in the digital environment, in contrast to traditional technological environments. The purpose of the article is to identify and articulate this specifi city. The main methods used are research of sources and analysis, and the methodology is based on an actor-network approach. The article studies how people and non-people interact in the digital space and reveals the specifi cs of these interactions in comparison with the interaction of people with traditional technological non-human. As shown, the key in this interaction is the indistinguishability of digital objects for humans, which leads to very specifi c forms of interaction with them, differing from interaction with well known technological non-human agents. This feature leads to the formation of new forms of sociality and the emergence of new social phenomena, for example, FOMO, post-truth etc. In conclusion, it is recorded that people and digital artifacts in the form of digital objects, creating sociomaterial networks mutually constitute each other. It is necessary to continue research on the interaction of people and digital non-human, so that even at the design stage of digital technological objects, the basic foundations of sociality and human perception are laid in order to minimize possible negative consequences of future interactions between people and digital non-human.
The Press of Quebec Through Media Regionalism Prism: From Origin to Digital Epoch (XVIII – the beginning of the XXI century)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Ovcharenko Elena F.
Published: December 2022

Today all national languages and cultures feel this inconceivable pressing by global English-Language digital world transformation. In addition, we examine second actual problem – information inequality in multinational countries and “answer-reaction” of one national minority. Quebec is the only French-speaking province of Canada. We present agenda of Quebec French-language press during two centuries through Media Regionalism – our specific term for reaction of Quebec Francophones constantly surrounded by total English-speaking information environment. Practically, media regionalism is not studied by Russian researchers. Analyzing Quebec French-language press as material we formulate hypothesis of research: media regionalism is its historical feature, which defends successfully cultural and traditional values of Quebec. Key aspect of the present research problem is scientific definition for media regionalism. For characterization of media regionalism evolution in Quebec we used mainly the methodology of complex analysis. As a result, we should note that media regionalism, on the one hand, defends Quebec identity, but on the other hand, reminds self-censorship of newspapers. Elucidating the questions of French language, Quebec traditions and culture, media regionalism refuses international news, information of other Canadian provinces, etc. Seeing media regionalism as the basis of Quebec information politics during more than two centuries, we can predicate its future great vitality for French-language press. Quebec media regionalism is peculiar defense from external destructive factors – such as transition to British Crown in the XVIIIth century or global digital world transformation in the XXIth. Media regionalism information problem is important for many other multinational countries. Finally, it is necessary to continue these studies.
The Value Paradigm of the Future: Bioconservatism or Transhumanism?
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Popova Anna A.
Published: December 2022

The exponential growth of technologies and the rapid pace of the introduction of these technologies actualizes the discussion about how human values will change in the future and which of the new concepts of transhumanism or bioconservatism is the closest to explaining and constructing these processes. The article compares the basic values of transhumanism and bioconveratism as diametrically opposed concepts of attitude to human nature and the possibility of its correction. The author uses secondary survey data on the value orientations of the Russians in the study and forms her model of the distribution of values of transhumanism and bioconveratism in two categories – values of conservation and values of development. Based on the study of the distribution of respondents’ choices, we established that the values of transhumanism designated as the values of development are more relevant for the Russians than the values of conservation (bioconservatism). The value of this research lies in an attempt to go beyond the theoretical framework of research on this issue with the help of instrumental methods. The author concludes that studies combining empirical data and their philosophical and theoretical analysis may become promising in the future. The article focuses on the fact that differences in the value attitudes of people of different communities and cultures can become insurmountable obstacles to the formation of a global homogeneous value paradigm in the future. One of the concepts presented might become decisive at this stage of society’s development, which seems premature and unfounded. Interest in the ideas of transhumanism and bioconservatism as a response to the transition to NBICS technologies will grow. However, the author thinks that the change in the value system of society in accordance with one of the concepts may happen very slowly, the traditional values may prevail.
Axiology of Imitative Communication: Formulation of the Problem
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Fortunatov Anton N.
Published: December 2022

The article explores the hypothesis that modern communication is taking on a special form today. It can be called imitative communication, in which information processing technologies play a very important role. The author derives the origin of this communication from the commercial, consumer status of social information, which in the early stages of the emergence of media reality contributed to the development of market relations. Thanks to the development of technology, the quality of imitation of reality becomes an independent factor infl uencing the deconstruction of a person in the information process. In these conclusions, the author relies on his own long-term studies of the history of television. It was this mass media that laid the foundations of imitative reality, tearing off the perception of reality from its real development and laying the foundations for technological identifi cation of a person to the detriment of traditional personal efforts. Imitative reality has a connection with the phenomenon of the game. The author carries out a phenomenological rethinking of the game in comparison with its classical defi nitions. The game appears as a form of detection of ontological boundaries in which the personality is located. However, with today’s development of technology, the game is turning into a way to replace reality, losing its original status as an identifi er of social meanings. With this interpretation, many currently unresolved problems, for example, the problem of computer addiction, acquire the features of distinct social deviations that have specifi c ways of treatment. As a perspective for the development of the existing situation, the author calls the reditization (return) of the individual to reality, while virtual reality should acquire the status of another utopia in the history of mankind.
Heuristic Potential of Methodological Approaches to the Study of “Nature – Society” System
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Subbotina Nadezhda D. , Zakharova Elena Yu. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: December 2022

The relevance of the study is due, on the one hand, to the growing infl uence of society on nature, often leading to environmental problems, and, on the other hand, to insuffi cient understanding of the role of the natural foundations of human social behavior. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main methodological approaches to the study of the “nature – society” system and their potential for obtaining new knowledge. The article uses a historical approach: the well-known methodologies for studying this system are analyzed as they are introduced into scientifi c circulation, as well as a comparative approach: similarities and differences between the analyzed methodologies and the degree of their heuristicity are revealed. The article analyzes the methodological schemes by E. V. Girusov, V. A. Kobylyansky, N. D. Subbotina, E. Yu. Zakharova and others. The foreign authors K. Fuchs, R. Rees and R. Hambleton were selected, as their views, on the one hand, are very close to the theories of domestic specialists on this issue, on the other hand, they complement them. The authors conclude that almost all of the above methodological approaches are heuristic, they can be used to obtain new knowledge in this area of research. We suggest that these methodologies can be used to study a new phenomenon ‒ a digital system. The study is also of practical importance, as it argues that it is necessary to use these methodologies in the appraisal of social and technical projects.
Values of Humanism in the Digital Society: An Anthropocentric Turn
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Bykov Ilya A. , Kurushkin Sergey V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: December 2022

The massive spread of digital communications has led to a transformation in communication practices. New actants appear in the network, the perception of which by various network communities is transformed under the infl uence of values shared by the participants in communication processes. Against this background, it becomes necessary to distinguish between the concepts of “communication” and “intercommunication”, representing the process of information exchange from two fundamentally different sides ‒ technocratic (information as a “measure to reduce uncertainty”) and anthropocentric (information depreciates without interaction and perception). The emergence in the digital environment of the actants imitating human behavior re-actualizes the problem we have posed, as not only the practices of interaction with these actants change but also their perception at the value level. The purpose of this article is to determine the degree of infl uence of values on the media behavior of a person when interacting with non-humans. Focus groups among different age groups of respondents (students and pensioners) revealed the attitude of representatives of different generations to chatbots and the basic principles of interaction with network actants. We found that although young people in general interact more actively with chatbots, both age groups showed a favorable attitude towards chatbots and technological progress. However, in the older age group, humanistic values manifested themselves more explicitly (the problem of a “live voice”, issues related to the emotional component of communication, and even concern for jobs that people might lose). The study also revealed the absence of the value gap between students and pensioners when interacting with non-humans. Among the respondents of both groups, there were both supporters of instrumental values and those whose perception of technology is based on terminal (fi nal) values. The conclusions made in the article open up prospects for studying the process of “humanizing” non-humans by users of various network resources and identifying the values that guide users when “humanizing” non-humans
Traditional Values of Russian Society in the Digital Age
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Dudkina Anna V.
Published: December 2022

The process of digitalization is closely related to global changes in society. Due to the ongoing social changes associated with the development of the information society, there is a crisis in the system of values and value orientations. The study of the state of traditional values and spiritual and moral guidelines in Russian society in the era of information digitalization becomes relevant. This work aims to identify the attitude of Russian society to the preservation of traditional values in the digital age. The novelty lies in identifying the readiness of Russian society to preserve and strengthen spiritual and moral values in the process of adapting to the new reality of the digital age. Methodology and research methods. With the help of content analysis and discourse analysis, the categories of formation of cultural attitudes in Russian society were determined, a list of traditional values was identifi ed, and differences were found in the value orientations of Russian, European, and American cultures. With the help of historical, statistical and comparative analysis of documentary sources, the problems of the digitalization process in Russian society in the context of spiritual and moral values are revealed. An analysis of surveys conducted over the past three years by the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center on attitudes towards traditional values in human life and the role of the state in preserving spiritual and moral values in society revealed the desire of society to preserve and strengthen “traditional values”. When considering communicative state strategies in the fi eld of strengthening and preserving spiritual and moral values, the problems of low effi - ciency of these strategies were identifi ed. We also revealed the infl uence of European and American propaganda on the system of Russian values. The results of this work show that state communication strategies for the preservation of traditional and spiritual and moral values need to be fi nalized and improved in practice. Also, the results obtained can be in demand by researchers in the fi eld of social journalism and media literacy.
Value and Goal-Oriented Dispositives of the Discourse of Cultural Heritage in the Theory of Political Communication
Authors:   Northwestern Institute of Management RANEPA, Sosnovskaya Anna M.
Published: December 2022

Studies of recent years have shown a weakening of the urban identity of the youth of St. Petersburg, a lack of interest in the preservation of cultural heritage. The purpose of the study is to deconstruct discourses and identify the value-oriented and goal-oriented components of dispositives that allow understanding the drives of communication in social networks and adjusting the policy of urban identity. The article applies the actor-network theory to data reconstructed from the texts of social networks of residents and city defenders about the St. Petersburg cultural architectural heritage, which allowed us to adapt the ANT for a systematic analysis of urban identity politics, taking into account infl uential factors in the modern environment of network communications and related policies. Identity is considered simultaneously as a discursive construction and as an effect of the confi guration of human and non-human actors that respond in social practice to the current transformation of the symbiotic relationship between man and the environment. On the material of the media and social networks regarding the destruction of the building, the content was analyzed using the discursive method and actor-network theory. Three possible levels of use of ANT in the analysis of political communication around cultural heritage are identifi ed and illustrated: 1) material objects stabilize social relations; 2) have real and sensual qualities that contribute to projective identifi cation; 3) ensure the spatiality and integrity of the city. In the course of analyzing the boundaries of network interactions, the psychoanalytic concept of “lack” is actualized as an insoluble contradiction and antagonism of discourses, as a projection of anxiety in texts, with the prevailing uncertainty of the current motivation. The result of the study was the identifi cation of value-oriented and goal-oriented dispositives of discourses in the fi eld of urban identity and the development of a program for the policy of communication with network actors. The identifi cation of dispositives allowed us to establish the conditions for productive communication as a determining factor in symbiotic regimes in the modern city.
Influence of drying and pretreatment methods on certain parameters of yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor)
Authors: Trukhanova K. A. , Mechtaeva E. V. , Novikova M. V. , Sorokoumov P. N. , Ryabukhin D. S.
Published: December 2022

Nowadays alternative protein sources like edible insects are becoming widely used as human food. One of the most popular insect is yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) due to its high nutrition value. However, pretreatment and drying are necessary to increase the food shelf life and the efficiency of its use. Due to this, the purpose of the present work was the determination of influence of pretreatment methods (freezing of larvae for 1 month, freezing for 2 hours, freezing for 1 month followed by defrosting for 2 hours at room temperature, blanching) and drying methods (convection drying at 40 °C and 60 °C, microwave drying) of yellow mealworm on its color (determination of L*, а*, b*, ΔElab, Ch, H, BI), moisture content (gravimetric method), fatty acid composition (determined by gas chromatography with mass spectroscopy) and time of drying (time required to reach constant weight). It was found that all used pretreatment and drying methods had no effect on the fatty acid composition of the larvae. In terms of drying rate and color retention, microwave drying showed better results than convection drying at 40 °C and 60 °C. Meanwhile, convection drying at 40 °C leads to the higher final moisture content of the samples. Among the pretreatment methods, only blanching the larvae samples before drying retained their color better and also accelerated the rate of the convection drying.
Mutagenic and/or carcinogenic compounds in meat and meat products: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons perspective
Authors: Oz E.
Published: December 2022

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental contaminants posing a great risk to human health due to their mutagenic and/or carcinogenic properties. They are produced from incomplete combustion of a heat source, pyrolysis of organic components, and fat-induced flame formation. Meat and meat products are one of the major sources of PAH exposure. Since PAH intake increases the risk of cancer, understanding the factors affecting PAH formation in meat and meat products is very important within the scope of PAH exposure reduction strategies. In this study, the features and formation of PAHs, the factors affecting the formation of PAH compounds and their reduction/inhibition pathways were reviewed in order to provide a perspective on the presence of PAHs in meat and meat products.
The study of proteotomic profile of mutton with consideration to the influence of feed combinatorics
Authors: Giro T. M. , Kovalev L. I. , Kulikovskii A. V. , Kovaleva M. A. , Giro A. V. , Isaikina T. Yu.
Published: December 2022

The present article is devoted to the search for markers that attest the changes in the protein profile when fattening the lambs with enriched diets, taking into account tissue specificity. The purpose of scientific research was to expand scientific knowledge about the influence of essential trace elements of organic origin in the diet of lambs on the marker-proteins of skeletal muscle tissue, of myocardium and renal cortical substance. The objects of research were the tissues of the m.L.dorsi skeletal muscle, myocardium and cortical substance of the kidneys in lambs of the Edilbaev breed. These lambs received a diet with organic trace elements (iodine, selenium, silicon). To study the effect of microelements in the diets of lambs on change in marker-proteins, we ran the studies of the skeletal muscle, myocardium and cortical substance of the kidneys of lambs, using the method of two-dimensional electrophoresis. When searching for proteins which mark the action of organic additives in the fattening diet of lambs within the tissue of the myocardium and the cortical substance of the kidneys, a number of differences were noted; no pronounced effects were observed in the skeletal muscle. Enrichment of the diet of lambs with selenium derivatives led to a change in the protein composition in the kidneys cortical substance for some isoforms of selenium-containing proteins and related enzymes of the glutathione cycle. Reaction in this process of thermal shock proteins, utilization of aflatoxins and changes in proteins of energy metabolism within mitochondria of kidney cells was also revealed. The determination of functional activity, or immunofermental analysis of glutathione peroxidase 3 count in the blood, can be a promising biomarker for controlling the level of selenium digestion and the count of selenium in blood as a more rapid and cheap method in comparison with the proteomic technologies. And for assessing the rate of digestion and fixation of iodine, it seems promising to determine it via the activity of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase [Mn]. In the myocardium, the effect of digested feed additives mainly affected the mitochondrial apparatus, which changed its functional orientation, with the activation of several other metabolic cycles. These results are prerequisites for obtaining more fundamental data on the effect of diets enriched with essential micronutrients on the molecular mechanisms that take place within the myocardial and kidney tissue of lambs. New data have been obtained on the effect of diets enriched with essential microelements on the molecular mechanisms occurring in the myocardial tissue and cortical substance of the kidneys of goats and sheep. The research results obtained by proteomics methods will be used for modeling and targeted adjustment of diets in order to obtain raw materials with the necessary technological characteristics.
ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA DE PUBLICAÇÕES NACIONAIS SOBRE AÇÕES DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL REALIZADAS NO ENSINO NÃO-FORMAL DO BRASIL NO PERÍODO DE 2010 A 2019
Authors: Andrade Francisca Gilvânia de , Santos Junior Jean Mary dos , Nepomuceno Nayana de Almeida Santiago , Vasconcelos Ana Karine Portela
Published: December 2022

A Educação Ambiental possui papel fundamental na sensibilização da sociedade ante às problemáticas ambientais e na busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma análise bibliométrica de ações de Educação Ambiental no ensino não-formal com base nas publicações científicas nacionais. Para isso, realizou-se buscas na Plataforma Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) por trabalhos publicados no período de 2010 a 2019. Através da análise, pode-se perceber o baixo número de publicações no período, bem como uma concentração de artigos publicados na região sul do país. Foi possível observar com a análise a preocupação dos autores em utilizar mais de um tipo de metodologia em suas ações de educação ambiental, no intuito de proporcionar um ambiente propício para a aprendizagem. Notou-se o empenho dos autores em inserir o público participante em todas as etapas dos trabalhos, buscando soluções para as problemáticas a nível local, contribuindo para a formação de cidadãos ativos na defesa do meio ambiente, capazes de ser agentes transformadores da sociedade.
Evaluation of Drought Conditions in Peninsular Malaysia during 1989-2018 using SPI and EDDI
Authors: Ng Cia Yik , Jaafar Wan Zurina Wan , Othman Faridah , Lai Sai Hin , Mei Yiwen , Liew Juneng
Published: December 2022

Droughts are constantly threatening the global water availability and food securities worldwide. This study aims to evaluate the short- and long-term (1-, 6- and 12-month) drought conditions in Peninsular Malaysia during 1989-2018 using Standardized Precipitation Index and Evaporative Demand Drought Index. Historical trends of drought conditions were analyzed using modified Mann-Kendall test. Spearman’s ρ approach was also applied to examine the spatial patterns of correlations between these drought indices. Based on the findings, Evaporative Demand Drought Index shows increasing tendency towards drier conditions in the northern half of Peninsular Malaysia, but opposite trends are observed for Standardized Precipitation Index. The time series of Evaporative Demand Drought Index are generally well-correlated to that of Standardized Precipitation Index at all three timescales for the whole study area, except for the northern region. The evidence presented suggests Evaporative Demand Drought Index is a great alternative for drought monitoring applications in Peninsular Malaysia.
Food Allergen Detection in Malaysian Food Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Khor Pei Lin , Raymond Wong Jee Keen
Published: December 2022

Food allergy is a rising, global epidemic. Some Malaysian cooking contains food-allergic-reaction-causing ingredients that may cause severe allergic reactions. A food allergen detection system in Malaysian food is proposed for tourists with food allergies who are unfamiliar with the wide variety of Malaysian dishes to prevent severe allergic reactions. This work focuses on three major food allergens, which include peanuts, cow’s milk, and shellfish. A new Malaysian food image dataset was prepared, and transfer learning on the custom dataset was done via fine-tuning and feature extraction techniques. Comparisons on the ResNet50, InceptionV3, and VGG16 architectures are done based on the accuracy of each model on the testing data. The VGG16 architecture is concluded as the most suitable neural network model for food allergen detection in Malaysian food. The proposed classifier achieved an accuracy of 80.56% on the test samples. The final model is loaded into a Graphical User Interface (GUI) application to demonstrate the results of the Malaysian food classification model.
Leaching Kinetics of Iron from Electric Arc Furnace Slag (EAFS)
Authors: Zulkifili Faizatul Syazwani , Nasuha Norhaslinda , Puasa Siti Wahidah , Maarof Hawaiah Imam
Published: December 2022

The steelmaking process produces a substantial amount of electric arc furnace slag (EAFS). Therefore, this present study conducted acid leaching, with and without the use of oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and potassium permanganate (KMnO4), to increase the amount of iron (Fe) recovered from the EAFS. The effect that reagent concentration of 0.5-8.0 M, leaching temperatures of 50-90 °C, and oxidant concentrations of 0.1-2.0 M had on leaching activities were investigated. A temperature of 50 °C, a 5 M sulphuric acid (H2SO4) concentration, a 1 M hydrogen peroxide concentration, a leaching duration of 60 minutes, a 1:20 solid: liquid (S: L) ratio, and a 300-rpm stirring rate was found to yield the highest iron. recovery. Three kinetics models; diffusion-controlled, chemical reaction-controlled and mixed-controlled model; were also investigated. The reaction was found to follow the chemical-reaction model as it yielded the highest square of the correlation coefficient (R2, 0.9998). The activation energy of the chemical reaction-controlled model was +16.95 kJ/mol. During the cyclic voltammetry (CV) study, 0.1 M sodium chloride (NaCl) was added to the iron-rich leaching solution to act as a supporting electrolyte. Tests were then conducted at potential ranges of -1-1 V at a scan rate of 100 mV/s using screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The CV indicated that there were two distinct oxidation peaks (-1.5 and .5 V) and two distinct reduction (0.9 and -0.9 V) peaks occurred at all temperatures.
Microstructural Analysis of Porous Nickel Brazed to Copper and Stainless Steel using Different Brazing Filler Metals
Authors: Rozaimay Ramizah , Zaharinie Tuan , Luqman Muhammad Nur , Ariga Tadashi
Published: December 2022

The microstructures of brazing porous Nickel (Ni) to copper and stainless steel (Cu/Porous Ni/SS304) was investigated. A porous Ni with pore densities of 15 PPI (pores per inch) and filler with compositions of 72Ag-28Cu and 77.4Cu-9.3Sn-7P-6.3Ni (Ag: Silver; Cu: Copper; Sn: Tin; P: Phosphorus; Ni: Nickel) were employed. The brazing process was conducted at different brazing temperatures: 830˚C, 870˚C and 910˚C for 15 minutes brazing time with heating and cooling rate of 10˚C/min, respectively. The aim of this research is to analyse and compare the microstructure of using different types of filler metal in order for joint porous Ni to copper and stainless steel. According to the initial observations from an optical microscope (OM) after cross-section, the used of filler metal BAg-8 and VZ2250 acquired a bonding joining than the used of filler metal BAg-8 solely. Thus, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) was used to characterise the bonding of microstructure of filler metal BAg-8 and VZ2250. Besides, the joint strength of Cu/Porous Ni/SS304 with filler metal BAg-8 and VZ2250 was evaluated with shear strength at different brazing parameters. Consequently, it can be concluded that used of filler metal BAg-8 and VZ2250 performed a better joint microstructure as compared to the used solely of filler metal BAg-8.
Wide-Band Felt Antenna With 6-Cells Electromagnetic Band Gap Jeans Array for Wireless Area Network Applications
Authors: Hashim Fatimah Fawzi , Mahadi Wan Nor Liza Binti , Latef Tariq Bin Abdul , Othman Mohamad Ariff Bin
Published: December 2022

This study proposed a 20 mm x 30 mm x 1 mm wearable antenna constructed of fabric (felt) substrate, making it the most suitable candidate for wearable applications, and fit for embedding in cloths for use in telemedicine applications. In addition, an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) array comprised of 6 square copper loops attached to a fabric substrate (jeans) with a slotted ground structure was proposed. The proposed antenna design combined with the EBG array had a total dimension of 60 mm x 60 mm x 2 mm and operated at 2.4 GHz with low specific absorption rate (SAR) of 1.55 watts per kilogram (W/kg) and 0.77 W/kg per 10 g. The simulation and measurement results indicated that the antenna performed better when coupled with the 6-cells EBG array constructed on a substrate different from that of the antenna and featuring slots on the EBG partial ground. This new approach of using a different substrate for the antenna and EBG array significantly increased the antenna’s bandwidth from 7.5% to 25 %, that can overcome the problem of frequency shifting and reduced the negative effect of the human body on the performance of the antenna. Furthermore, the partial slotted EBG ground increased the antenna gain from 1.4 dBi to 6.7 dBi. Additionally, the antenna’s performance was measured on a real human body arm. The measurement results showed a good agreement with the simulation results, making the proposed design reliable for wearable telemedicine applications.
Thermal Resistance of Open-cell Metal Foam with Thermal Pad
Authors: Zaib Fathiah , Ganesan P. , Zaharinie Tuan
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates the thermal resistance of sandwich structures consisting of open-type metal foams, base plate/surface and Thermal Interface Material (TIM) (thermal pad type). Two types of sandwiched study samples: Types 1 and 2, were investigated. The samples were prepared using metal foam structures, i.e., 20, 40, 60 PPI, and two commercial thermal pads, i.e., PC93, and PC94. The samples’ thermal resistance and thickness were measured under the compression loadings of 0 - 60 N using a thermal resistance tester that was developed in-house according to ASTM D5470 standard. The nanoindentation test indicated that PC93 had slightly higher hardness than PC94, with 0.0007 and 0.0004 GPa, reflecting their softness. The result shows that the samples’ thermal resistance is affected by compression force and decreases as compression load increases. The thermal resistance of the PC94 sample was reduced to 58% at 30 N load for 60 PPI, Type 1 configuration. The resistance decreases by 5% when the PPI increases from 20 to 60 PPI. This study demonstrates that joining metal foam, thermal pad, and base plate could reduce thermal resistance while increasing performance. It also provides insights into an alternative means of joining metal foams with other metals (or a base plate) in the development of heat exchangers.
Circuit Design for Bacterial Detection System
Authors: Rabea Ahmed Faozi , Billateah Mardiyah , Khairuddin Anis Salwa Binti Mohd , Hanafi Effariza Binti
Published: December 2022

Infection of bacteria nowadays become a serious matter, especially in medical health care. Some species of bacteria could bring disease and threaten death. Much research is concerned with the detection and prevention of harmful bacteria. Recently, electrochemistry is important for analyses in applications including clinical diagnostics, environmental, food monitoring, quality control, and wearable devices for personal health. The electrochemistry technique is one of the ways to detect the existence of bacteria. Designs of a circuit that act like a potentiostat were proposed in this study. Simulation on the analog circuit was examined to get the best circuit construction. In detecting a bacterium, different electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) were used. This project focuses on designing an analog circuit of a potentiostat. The measurement of the current at the working electrode is the desired result that will characterize the performance of the circuit as well as the sample detected.
Development of Low-cost Real Time Solar PV Power Monitoring System using IoT
Authors: Mostofa Kazi Zehad , Islam Mohammad Aminul
Published: December 2022

Renewable energy (RE) sources are the best choice for supplying our projected energy needs because they have been proven to be sustainable. Among the different kind of RE, one of the most interesting and promising clean technologies in the modern era with no carbon emissions is solar photovoltaic electricity. However, monitoring solar photovoltaic systems is crucial for maximizing their performance. The use of the Internet of Things to track solar photovoltaic energy production can considerably enhance plant operation, monitoring, and maintenance. Technological advancement is driving down the cost of renewable energy equipment globally, which is encouraging extensive solar photovoltaic installations. Because most of the solar PV installations are in inaccessible places like rooftop or hilltop or desert to access sufficient sunlight and cannot be monitored manually from a specific location; meanwhile, the advanced methods for automating the plant monitoring remotely utilizing IoT-based interfaces are required. The discussion on this paper is implementing a low cost IoT based real time solar PV power monitoring system for performance evaluation. This will facilitate preventive maintenance, fault detection, historical analysis of the plant in addition to real time monitoring.