bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Percepción de experiencias de vida universitaria del estudiantado de educación superior con TDAH
Authors: Lagos San Martín Nelly Gromiria , Espinoza Pasten Laura Marjorie , Garay Alemany Victoria Verónica , Betancourt Gallegos Katherine
Published: May 2024

El TDAH es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo, que contempla el déficit de atención y la hiperactividad. Este desorden cognitivo es frecuentemente estudiado en población infantil pero escasamente abordado en la población adulta, específicamente en educación superior. Ello, pese a que esta condición no disminuye ni desaparece con la edad, lleva a desconocer muchos de los alcances que tiene este trastorno, así como invisibilizar las fortalezas y dificultades de estos estudiantes al afrontar su proceso de formación. Por lo mismo, el objetivo de este estudio ha sido describir las percepciones del estudiantado de educación superior con TDAH respecto de las características propias de su condición vivenciadas durante su proceso formativo. El enfoque metodológico seguido en esta investigación es cualitativo, con carácter comprensivo de los relatos esgrimidos por estudiantes con TDAH de una universidad del centro sur de Chile, quienes voluntariamente accedieron a ser entrevistados. Los datos fueron revisados a través de análisis de contenido, a partir del levantamiento de categorías que permitieron develar las dificultades y habilidades percibidas por el estudiantado para afrontar la vida universitaria. Entre los resultados resalta el conocimiento que tienen estos estudiantes de sí mismos, así como el esfuerzo con el que llevan a cabo las tareas para cumplir con las exigencias académicas. Como conclusión, es posible destacar que tanto el autoconocimiento como el compromiso sostenido son buenas herramientas para desempeñarse mejor en el mundo universitario.
NÜFUS COĞRAFYASI AÇISINDAN TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ'NİN İLK NÜFUS SAYIMINA GÖRE TÜRKİYE VE BİLECİK İLİNE BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: Başkaya Zafer
Published: May 2024

Belirli bir yerde yaşayan insan nüfusunun çeşitli özelliklerinin tespiti için belirli dönemler içerisinde nüfus sayımları yapılmaktadır. 1927 yılında yapılan genel nüfus sayımı Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ilk nüfus sayımıdır. Osmanlı Devleti Döneminde nüfus sayımları yapılmış olsa da Türkiye nüfusu hakkında ilk detaylı bilgiler 1927 yılı genel nüfus sayımıyla ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu genel nüfus sayımında Türkiye’nin diğer illerinde olduğu gibi Bilecik ili nüfusunun da özellikleri detaylı şekilde tespit edilmiştir. Nüfusun cinsiyete, yaş aralığına, okur-yazarlığa, medeni hale, mesleklere, konuşulan anadillere, uyruklarına, doğum yerlerine, dini inançlara ve sakatlık-engellilik durumlarına göre tespiti ve tasnifi yapılmıştır. Bu özellikler ilçeler düzeyinde de belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti’nin ilk genel nüfus sayımı olan 1927 genel nüfus sayımı sonuçlarına göre Türkiye geneli ve Bilecik ilinde tespit edilen nüfus özelliklerini incelemek, değerlendirmek ve nüfus özellikleriyle ilgili olarak coğrafya biliminin sebep-sonuç, bağlantı ve dağılış ilkeleri kapsamında yorumlamalar gerçekleştirmek ve sonuçlar ortaya koymaktır. Yapılan çalışmanın aynı zamanda daha sonra ilgili olarak yapılacak coğrafi çalışmalara öncülük etmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada gerekli kaynaklardan yararlanılarak nüfusun detaylı özellikleri gerek Türkiye genelinde gerekse Bilecik ili özelinde incelenmiş, veriler tablolar ile gruplandırılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Coğrafya biliminin sebep-sonuç ve bağlantı ilkeleri kapsamında Bilecik ili nüfus özellikleri Türkiye geneliyle karşılaştırılarak kıyaslamalar yapılmış ve yorumlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. 1927 yılındaki genel nüfus sayımı neticesine göre Bilecik ilinde nüfusun özellikleri genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde il genelinde nüfus özelliklerine ait değerlerin Türkiye ortalamasından yüksek oranlarda olması, o zamanki şartlarda Bilecik ilinin Türkiye’nin birçok iline göre daha iyi durumda olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
ENAM gene polymorphisms associated with dental anomalies in individuals with cleft lip and palate
Authors: Oliveira Fernanda Veronese de , Santos Carlos Ferreira dos , Dionísio Thiago José , Neves Lucimara Teixeira das , Dalben Gisele da Silva , Ambrosio Eloá Cristina Passucci , Jorge Paula Karine , Machado Maria Aparecida Andrade Moreira , Oliveira Thais Marchini
Published: May 2024

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of enamelin gene (ENAM) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and ENAM polymorphism association with dental anomalies (DA) in individuals with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP). Methods: Saliva samples were collected from 147 individuals aged between 6 and 15 years-old, both genders, and divided into 4 groups: Group 1 (G1) - CLP and DA; Group 2 (G2) - CLP without DA; Group 3 (G3) - without CLP with DA; Group 4 (G4) - without CLP and DA. The genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples and the following ENAM SNPs markers were genotyped: rs3796703, rs3796704, rs3796705, rs7671281, rs2609428, and rs35951442. Fisher exact and Pearson’s Chi-square tests statistically analyzed the results (α=5%). Results: Individuals without CLP with DA (Group 3 - 19.2%) showed statistically higher prevalence of SNP rs2609428 heterozygotes (p=0.006) than individuals with CLP and DA (Group 1 - 0%). Individuals without CLP (10%) exhibited statistically higher prevalence of mutated heterozygotes/homozygous (p=0.028) than in individuals with CLP (1.3%). Conclusion: SNP rs2609428 marker of ENAM gene may be associated with dental anomalies in individuals without cleft lip and palate.
Stability of dentin matrix treated with caffeic acid phenethyl ester at different concentrations
Authors: Damázio Aline Honorato , Basting Rosanna Tarkany , Bridi Enrico Coser , França Fabiana Mantovani Gomes , Amaral Flávia Lucisano Botelho do , Turssi Cecilia Pedroso , Vieira Junior Waldemir Francisco , Basting Roberta Tarkany
Published: May 2024

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of pretreatment with ethanolic solutions of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) at varying concentrations on the dentin collagen matrix, specifically focusing on its biomodification potential. This was assessed through evaluations of the modulus of elasticity and changes in mass. Methods: Seventy dentin collagen matrices (demineralized sticks) were prepared to receive treatments with ethanolic solutions of CAPE at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, or 2.5%, or with control treatment solutions (distilled water or ethanol) for one hour. The dentin matrices were evaluated for modulus of elasticity and mass before (baseline), immediately after treatment (immediately), and after storage in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) for time intervals of 1 and 3 months. Results: Generalized linear models for repeated measures over time indicated no significant differences between groups (p=0.7530) or between different time points (p=0.4780) in terms of the modulus of elasticity. Regarding mass variation, no differences were observed in the time interval between 1 month and the immediate time (p=0.0935). However, at the 3-month mark compared to the immediate time, the 0.1% CAPE group exhibited less mass loss compared to the water group (p=0.0134). Conclusion: This study concludes that various concentrations of CAPE in an ethanolic solution did not affect the modulus of elasticity of dentin, suggesting that CAPE lacks biomodifying potential in this context. However, it was observed that 0.1% CAPE positively influenced the variation in mass over different evaluation time intervals.
Arquitetura de terra em perspectiva
Authors: Ferrari Henrique Duarte , Ribeiro Maria Carmen Couto
Published: May 2024

A ampla diversidade de metodologias construtivas vernaculares incidentes nas mais adversas situações climáticas e geográficas propiciaram a propagação de edificações arquitetônicas à base de terra em vastas localizações, atendendo assim a uma variada gama de solicitações estruturais e culturais ao longo da História. Entretanto, esse saber milenar de construção, mesmo com o caráter secular dessa prática construtiva, da sua praticidade, economia e durabilidade, os conhecimentos de construção com terra foram sendo postos em segundo plano a partir do processo de urbanização e industrialização, apesar de este ser um processo pouco discutido e documentado. Este trabalho irá utilizar-se de fontes acadêmicas interdisciplinares atuais e históricas para elaborar uma contextualização abrangente que possa auxiliar no esclarecimento dessa transformação no âmbito americano e, mais especificamente, brasileiro. Através da contextualização histórica das mediações econômicos, sociais, políticos e culturais que possibilitaram essa contradição entre a atual concepção da metodologia de construção com terra e seu histórico de ampla adoção, foi possível compreender de forma mais clara os entraves que perpetuam essa condição de abandono à qual sua práxis se encontra. A avaliação da correlação de forças históricas que possibilitam a atual inserção da construção com terra na sociedade pode auxiliar na elucidação das razões que levaram ao abandono de uma tecnologia milenar, assim como contribuir para um maior esclarecimento da situação atual, possibilitando a formação de uma renovada perspectiva em relação à arquitetura com terra e uma maior divulgação de seu conhecimento.
High-energy and durable aqueous Zn batteries enabled by multi-electron transfer reactions
Authors: Li Qi , Abdalla Kovan Khasraw , Xiong Jiawei , Song Zhihang , Wang Yueyang , Zhao Yajun , Liu Mengyao , Fan Yanchen , Zhao Yi , Sun Xiao-Ming
Published: May 2024

Aqueous Zn batteries (AZBs) have emerged as a highly promising technology for large-scale energy storage systems due to their eco-friendly, safe, and cost-effective characteristics. The current requirements for high-energy AZBs attract extensive attention to reasonably designed cathode materials with multi-electron transfer mechanisms. This review systematically overviews the development and challenges of typical cathode hosts capable of multiple electron transfer reactions for high-performance Zn batteries. Moreover, we also summarize how to trigger the multi-electron transfer chemistry of cathodes, including transition metal oxides, halogens, and organics, to further boost the energy storage capability of AZBs. Finally, perspectives on critical issues and future directions of the multi-electron transfer battery systems offer novel insights for advanced Zn batteries.
Corporate governance and Islamic social reporting: Indonesia Islamic banking development roadmap era
Authors: Dosinta Nina Febriana , Yunita Khristina
Published: May 2024

This research examines the corporate governance effect on Islamic Social Reporting (ISR). This research was conducted in 2015-2022, used the ISR codification, collected from the annual reports of ten Indonesian Islamic banks, and applied the Stakeholder Theory approach which has never been done previously. The research results show that Board of Commissioners’ meetings, Audit Committee meetings, and Sharia Supervisory Board meetings significantly and positively affect ISR. These findings imply that supervision through the meetings of the Board of Commissioners, Audit Committees, and Sharia Supervisory Board plays a role in detecting ISR. Corporate governance in Islamic banks continuously seeks to maintain sustainability in Islamic banks, including the support for stakeholders. ISR is a form of Islamic bank accountability to show that Islamic banks always prioritize their stakeholders, including the support for the Indonesia Islamic banking development roadmap prepared by the Financial Services Authority.
Analysis of factors affecting company value with EPS as a moderation variable
Authors: Heliani Heliani , Herdina Vina , Gumelar Taofik Muhammad
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to analyze the factors that affect company value with EPS as a moderation variable in real estate and property subsector companies listed on the IDX for the 2017-2021 period. In this study, factors that affect company value use Intellectual Capital, Collateralizable Assets, and Dividend Policy. This research used secondary data is the company's financial statements published in the 2017-2021 on the IDX and has 10 companies for the population. The methods used are descriptive analysis, classical assumption test, moderation regression analysis, and hypothesis test. The results of this study are intellectual capital and collateralizable assets, each of which affects the value of the company. While the dividend policy has no effect on the value of the company. EPS do not moderate the effect of collateralizable assets on company value. EPS successfully moderates the influence of intellectual capital on company value and dividend policy on company value.
Resolution of cyclic dependencies of the graphical model interconnection requirements for software
Authors: Sudakov Vladimir Anatolievich , Shabliy Alexey Denisovich
Published: May 2024

Obtaining information about the traceability of software requirements to application source code files is a complex application problem. Especially when establishing the required scope of verification procedures, the implementation of which is necessary to confirm the feasibility of requirements when changing one or more source code files. A model has been developed that provides analysis of the connectivity of source code files between themselves and the requirements. A method is proposed for resolving cyclic dependencies and generating a traceability graph of requirements for source code files. A software implementation of the model is proposed, which includes optional modules for studying its optimal configuration. The dependence of operating time on the implementation of the data storage method in the developed software solution has been studied.
Coccydynia
Authors: Daily Drayton , Bridges James , Mo William B. , Mo Andrew Z. , Massey Patrick Allan , Zhang Andrew S
Published: May 2024

» Coccydynia is a painful condition affecting many patients at the terminal caudal end of the spine.

» An understanding of coccyx anatomy and variations of morphology is necessary for proper diagnosis. A multifactorial etiology for pain may be responsible for this clinical entity.

» Several treatment options exist. Successful outcomes for patients depend on individual patient characteristics and the etiology of pain.
Uncovering Integrated STEM Attitudes and Dimensional Correlations in Education
Authors: Ummah Munfiathul , Shofiyah Noly
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the attitudes towards STEM among junior high school students at Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo in Indonesia, focusing on exploring the degree of attitude towards STEM and examining the relationship between STEM dimensions. Using a survey method with 85 students from a population of 326, the research found that students' attitudes were most pronounced in the integrated STEM dimension, followed by engineering, technology, science, and mathematics. However, correlations between certain STEM dimensions and STEM itself were inconsistent, highlighting nuances in students' perceptions. These findings contribute to enhancing STEM education strategies, particularly in schools with integrated STEM-based learning, and suggest avenues for further research in broader educational contexts.   Highlight:  Examining STEM attitudes in Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo's junior high. Analyzing correlations between STEM dimensions and their implications. Enhancing STEM education strategies in Indonesia's educational context.   Keyword: STEM education, Attitude assessment, Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Junior high school, Indonesia
Monitoring geomorphology to inform ecological outcomes downstream of reservoirs affected by sediment release
Authors: Harris Aubrey , Hernandez-Abrams Darixa
Published: May 2024

Increasingly, reservoir managers are seeking techniques that improve sediment management while considering long-term sedimentation and reduced operational flexibility. These techniques, often termed sustainable sediment management, involve passing sediment through reservoirs and into downstream rivers. Conceptually, restoring sediment continuity can benefit ecosystem function by increasing floodplain connectivity, contributing to the heterogeneity of channel geomorphology, and supporting the continuity of nutrient cycling. However, when a change is made to operations, geomorphic changes may need to be monitored to document benefits and mitigate any unexpected effects of the change. This investigation develops a geomorphic monitoring plan for downstream reaches affected by sediment-release operations at reservoirs. The monitoring objectives are aligned with potential geomorphic change caused by changes to sediment supply and the associated effects on river function. A tiered approach is presented to explain the quality of information that can be assessed from increasing levels of data collection. A general conceptual model is described in which geomorphic data may be linked to physical habitat conditions and, therefore, ecological processes. The geomorphic monitoring plan for the Tuttle Creek Reservoir water injection dredging (WID) pilot project is presented as a case study. This technical note establishes a general framework for monitoring the design for sustainable sediment management in different ecological and geomorphic contexts.
Oral 8-aminoguanine against age-related retinal degeneration
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Vats Abhishek , Xi Yibo , Wolf-Johnston Amanda , Clinger Owen , Arbuckle Riley , Dermond Chase , Li Jonathan , Stolze Donna , Sahel José-Alain , Jackson Edwin , Birder Lori
Published: May 2024

Visual decline in the elderly is often attributed to retinal aging, which predisposes the tissue to pathologies such as age-related macular degeneration. Currently, effective oral pharmacological interventions for retinal degeneration are limited. We present a novel oral intervention, 8-aminoguanine (8-AG), targeting age-related retinal degeneration, utilizing the aged Fischer 344 rat model. A low-dose 8-AG regimen (5 mg/kg body weight) via drinking water, beginning at 22 months for 8 weeks, demonstrated significant retinal preservation. This was evidenced by increased retinal thickness, improved photoreceptor integrity, and enhanced electroretinogram responses. 8-AG effectively reduced apoptosis, oxidative damage, and microglial/macrophage activation associated with aging retinae. Age-induced alterations in the retinal purine metabolome, characterized by elevated levels of inosine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine, were partially mitigated by 8-AG. Transcriptomics highlighted 8-AG's anti-inflammatory effects on innate and adaptive immune responses. Extended treatment to 17 weeks further amplified the retinal protective effects. Moreover, 8-AG showed temporary protective effects in the RhoP23H/+ mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa, reducing active microglia/macrophages. Our study positions 8-AG as a promising oral agent against retinal aging. Coupled with previous findings in diverse disease models, 8-AG emerges as a promising anti-aging compound with the capability to reverse common aging hallmarks.
In vitro simulation of oral gastric intestinal digestion and fecal fermentation of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides reveal its digestion profile and effect on the modulation of the gut microbiota
Authors: Yang Zheng-Guo , Fan Si-Yao , Liu Qi , Xu Wen-Man , Piao Hongjie , Ji Wen-Xiu , Dong Wei-Wei
Published: May 2024

Background: Polysaccharides isolated from Cordyceps militaris mycelia (IPS) are natural polymer compounds composed of monosaccharides, structurally diverse and exhibit various metabolic and biological activities. Nevertheless, as is well known, the lack of enzymes in the human body that can degrade polysaccharides results in a series of polysaccharides such as IPS not being directly absorbed and utilized, thereby greatly reducing their subsequent effects and efficacy in the body.
Results: In simulated saliva, the total carbohydrate, reducing sugar, and free monosaccharide content of IPS remained unchanged, while in the simulated gastric juice, the reduced sugar content of IPS increased from 0.0398 ± 0.0007 mg/mL to 0.072 ± 0.0053 mg/mL, and in intestinal fluid, it decreased from 0.0721 ± 0.0008 mg/mL to 0.0452 ± 0.0010 mg/mL. The carbohydrate content, reduced sugar content, and pH of IPS decreased from 0.1032 ± 0.0058 to 0.0.0722 ± 0.0067, 0.1392 ± 0.0055 to 0.0.0582 ± 0.0009 mg/mL, and 9.27 to 6.92, respectively, during simulated fermentation. Simultaneously, IPS regulated the gut microbiota, increasing the relative abundance of Firmicutes while reducing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Escherichia shigella. The IPS group also showed an increase in the concentration of short-chain fatty acids during fermentation.
Conclusions: IPS can be utilized by intestinal microbes to produce SCFAs and regulate the composition of intestinal flora, and can be helpful for better understanding of the potential digestion and fermentation mechanism of IPS.
High Order DIP-VBTV: An Image Restoration Model Combining a Deep Image Prior and a High Order Total Variation on Vector Bundles
Authors: Batard Thomas
Published: May 2024

We introduce a high order Total Variation (TV) for sections of vector bundles over Riemannian manifolds, and which is determined by the following geometric quadruplet: a connection and a positive definite metric on the vector bundle as well as a connection and a positive definite metric on the tangent bundle of the manifold. Then, we insert the high order TV into the Deep Image Prior (DIP), yielding a variational model for the restoration of grey-level and color images. The proposed model can be viewed as a combination of three classes of efficient variational models for image restoration: high order TV-based models which promotes the reconstruction of both edges and fine structures of the original image, geometric TV-based models which can encode extra properties of natural images, and DIP-based models which take benefit of the generative property of neural networks to reconstruct the original image. Experiments conducted up to the order 3 for image deblurring show that the higher the order, the better the results. Moreover, for a given order, the experiments also show that the proposed model outperforms its Euclidean restriction.
Political Influence and firms’ behavior in the framework of transition risk: Evidence from a Survey of EU enterprises
Authors: Quatrosi Marco
Published: May 2024

The EU has already issued the objectives to be complied with by Member States by 2050. On the other hand, enterprises face the effects of a changing climate mostly related to the increase in the likelihood of extreme events (physical risk) and uncertainty of the policy framework (transition risk). In this framework, this work will try to assess whether political pressure through different channels (e.g., lobbying, political connections, corruption) can be related to regulatory uncertainty. Results show that firms that perceive the environment as an obstacle also use political pressure to influence government decisions. However, despite the quality of government, there is still a component of uncertainty in the regulatory framework, especially in non-manufacturing enterprises. Thus, besides pure lobbying, firms can use political pressure to hedge from regulatory uncertainty. Results also highlight that firms that perceive environmental regulations as obstacles are also those that think more public funding should be channeled to the environment. This work sheds further light on the relationship between environmental regulations, political pressure and policy uncertainty. It also proves that transition risk is a concrete issue even in contexts where environmental objectives have been clearly set such as the European Union.
Genome-wide identification of high-affinity nitrate transporter 2 (NRT2) gene family in alfalfa (Medicago sativa)
Authors: Luo Yanyan , Nan Lili
Published: May 2024

The high-affinity nitrate transporter 2 (NRT2) proteins plays an important role in nitrate uptake and transport in plants. In this study, the NRT2s gene family was systematically analyzed in alfalfa. We showed that a total of three NRT2 members were identified from the genome database, according to their chromosomal location, they were named MsNRT2.1-2.3. The phylogenetic tree revealed that NRT2 proteins were categorized into two main subgroups, which was further confirmed by their gene structure and conserved motifs. Three MsNRT2 genes distributed on 2 chromosomes. Furthermore, we studied the expression pattern of MsNRT2 gene in six tissues based on RNA-sequencing data from the Short Read Archive (SRA) database of NCBI, and the results showed that MsNRT2 gene was widely expressed in six tissues. After treatment with drought, salt, abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA), We used quantitative RT-PCR to analyze the expression levels of MsNRT2 genes and the results showed that most of the MsNRT2 genes responded to these stresses. However, the individual genes play a major role under the different treatment conditions. In summary, MsNRT2 plays an irreplaceable role in the growth, development and stress response of alfalfa, and this study provides valuable information and theoretical basis for future research on MsNRT2 function.
Threshold Preview-able Essential Secret Image Sharing
Authors: Chen Shang-Kuan , Hsu Mao-Hsiu
Published: May 2024

This study investigates an essential secret image sharing scheme, which entails encoding a confidential image into two distinct sets of shadows referred to as essential shadows and non-essential shadows. This dual-shadow strategy is designed to fault-tolerantly and differentially preserve the confidentiality of the secret image. However, the inherent limitations of the essential secret image sharing mechanism become apparent when the number of shadows falls below the specified threshold, making the recovery of the secret image based solely on essential shadows unattainable. The reliance on non-essential shadows in such instances presents a dilemma for users. In response to this challenge, the present paper introduces a novel threshold preview-able essential secret image sharing method. In this approach, upon receiving a sufficient number of essential shadows, a preview of the distorted version of the secret image becomes possible. The proposed mechanism extends its applicability to two primary variations of threshold preview-able essential secret image sharing: (t, s, k, n)- and (t, k, n)-threshold preview-able essential secret image sharing. This research contributes to the advancement of secure and fault-tolerant secret image sharing techniques, alleviating the challenges associated with an insufficient number of essential shadows for image recovery.
Protein-ligand binding affinity prediction: Is 3D binding pose needed?
Authors: Zhi Degui , Wu Ming Hsiu , Xie Ziqian
Published: May 2024

Accurate protein-ligand binding affinity prediction is crucial in drug discovery. Existing methods are predominately docking-free, without explicitly considering atom-level interaction between proteins and ligands in scenarios where crystallized protein-ligand binding conformations are unavailable. Now, with breakthroughs
in deep learning AI-based protein folding and binding conformation prediction, can we improve binding affinity prediction? This study introduces a framework,
Folding-Docking-Affinity (FDA), which folds proteins, determines protein-ligand binding conformations and predicts binding affinities from three-dimensional
protein-ligand binding structures. Our experiments demonstrate that the FDA outperforms state-of-the-art docking-free models in the DAVIS dataset, showcasing
the potential of explicit modeling of three-dimensional binding conformations for enhancing binding affinity prediction accuracy.
Stress Management and Resiliency Training (SMART-EM) among Emergency Physicians: A Pilot Intervention Study
Authors: Somville Francis , Bogaert Peter Van , De Cauwer Harald , Haegdorens Filip , Franck Erik
Published: May 2024

Aim:
The aim was to test the feasibility and reliability of the Stress Management and Resiliency Training (SMART-EM) program in decreasing stress and burnout among emergency physicians. In addition, the research attempted to see whether resilience and quality of life could be improved within this professional group.
Methods:
With ethics committee approval. A total of 42 emergency physicians agreed, after informed consent, to participate in this study and were included in the intervention group that received the SMART-EM program or the nonintervention group for 3 three months. Participation was voluntary. They all completed the pre- and post-intervention surveys. The SMART-EM program involved a first session of 2.5 hours and a second session of 1.5 hours. With one follow-up presentation and a survey at the beginning of the intervention and another at the end of the 3-month intervention. Surveys, including the Perceived Stress Scale, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, ProQOL Scale, and Burnout Assessment Tool Scale, were used for both groups before and after 3 months of the SMART-EM intervention.
Results:
A total of 37 emergency physicians completed both surveys in this study. No significant improvements in perceived stress, quality of life, or burnout at 3 months were observed in the SMART-EM intervention group compared to the nonintervention control group. Resilience, measured by the Psychological Resilience scale, showed improvement in the SMART-EM intervention group, aligning with the theory of a unified construct enhancing adaptive behavior. However, these changes were not statistically significant compared to the nonintervention group.
Conclusion:
It could be valuable, acceptable and feasible to use two sessions to reduce stress in emergency physicians through the SMART-EM program. However, our intervention did not significantly or clinically improve perceived stress, quality of life, or well-being, and therefore, we suggest further research on its clinical effectiveness.
Identification of Key Transcription Factors Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease for Early Clinical Diagnosis
Authors: Zhou Wei , Jia Qingqing , Wu Shujun , Wang Xinyu , Jiang Mingzhu , Yu Xiaowen , Meng Hanyan , Liu Fei , Mao Jianhua
Published: May 2024

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern with significant implications for public health and mortality rates, projected to become the fifth leading cause of death by 2040. The search for early diagnostic targets for CKD is imperative. In this study, we concentrated on identifying key transcription factors (TFs) for the early diagnosis of CKD and established a regulatory network between these TFs and their corresponding target genes.
Methods: We conducted microarray data analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the associated pathways in CKD. We further explored the potential regulatory TFs among DEGs using the TRRUST v2 database and validated the TF-target regulatory relationships through correlation analysis and the JASPAR database. The protein expression of the identified TFs in renal tissues was also assessed.
Results:The analysis identified six TFs, namely HNF4A, CEBPA, CREB1, FOS, HIF1A, and SP1, which demonstrated potential as diagnostic biomarkers for CKD. These TFs showed differentially expressed patterns in CKD and were found to have multiple regulatory relationships with DEGs, indicating their crucial role in the disease process. ROC analysis revealed high predictive efficiency for four of these TFs (CREB1, FOS, HIF1A, and SP1), while the combined predictive efficiency of all TFs was exceptionally high.
Conclusion:Our findings highlight the role of transcription factors in the pathophysiological process of CKD and identify several key TFs with potential for clinical translation as early diagnostic biomarkers for the disease. Further validation and exploration are warranted to leverage the potential clinical utility of these TFs in the early diagnosis and prognosis of CKD.
Identifying palliative home care needs of patients with advanced cancer: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Xiaocheng , Liu Hui , Ying Wenjuan , Zhang Yuying , Gong Xiaoling , Huang Junfang
Published: May 2024

Background Home-based palliative care is an ideal model for providing continuous, effective, and timely care at the patient’s home. However, the timely recognition of palliative home care needs remains a clinical challenge, and few studies have described the characteristics of palliative care needs and quality of life at home.Objectives To identify the palliative home care needs of patients with advanced cancer and explore the influencing factors in addressing these needs.Methods In this cross-sectional study, convenience samples were collected from four cities in mainland China between May 2020 and November 2021. The revised Problems and Needs in Palliative Care-short version was used to evaluate palliative home care needs. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 was used to evaluate the participants’ quality of life. We used SPSS version 23.0 for all statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple linear regression were performed to analyze the data.Results Four hundred and forty participants completed the survey. The patients’ palliative home care needs were primarily related to physical symptoms, home health care services, and psychological issues. For items, the top three palliative home care needs were related to financial needs, “extra expenditures because of the disease” (75.9%), psychological issues, “fear of getting worse” (72.8%), and “fear of physical suffering” (67.9%). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that 53.5% of palliative home care needs could be explained by the Karnofsky Performance Status and quality of life: physical, role, emotional, and financial difficulties scales.Conclusion Patients had numerous palliative home care needs associated with quality of life, and the existing services did not cover all needs under the current healthcare system. Financial support and multidisciplinary palliative home care teams are required to improve standards of care and access to palliative home care services.
Non-Local Interactions Determine Accurate Local Structure and Lithium Diffusion in Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Banerjee Swastika , Tkatchenko Alexandre
Published: May 2024

Solid-state batteries, in which solid electrolytes (SEs) replace their liquid alternatives, promise high energy density and safety. However, understanding the relation between SE composi- tion and properties, stemming from intricate interactions among constituent sublattices that involve non-local electronic and nuclear dynamics, remains a critical and unsolved challenge. In this work, we assess a range of state-of-the-art electronic structure methods and show that a density-functional method that accounts for the non-locality and many-body effects in both electronic exchange and correlation interactions provides predictive results for the local structure and diffusion properties of SEs. This is exemplified on the chemical space of argyrodite SEs, specifically those with the chemical formula Li6MS5X (LMSX; M = P, Ge, Si, Sn; X = Cl, Br, I), serving as paradigmatic and challenging test cases. The employed HSE06+MBDNL method unveils how the S/X site disorder and the anionic sublattice gov- ern lithium diffusion across the LMSX compositional space. The disorder at the S/X site determines the number of accessible lithium diffusion channels, while non-local exchange and van der Waals interactions finely adjust the coupling between the framework lattice and mobile lithium, thereby regulating the barrier for Li migration. Consequently, the intricate interplay of non-local electronic interactions in the predictive design of Li-solid electrolytes – and likely many other functional materials – is emphasized.
Joint Scheduling and Routing for End-to-End Deterministic Transmission in TSN
Authors: Ja Jie , Zhang Yiyue , Xue Yi , Chen Jian , Du An , Wang Xingwei
Published: May 2024

The time-sensitive networking (TSN) technique has shown its potential to provide deterministic communication guarantees for industrial applications. Specifically, the recently applied cyclic queuing and forwarding (CQF) mechanism in TSN can further provide bounded latency and stable delay jitter for time-triggered (TT) flows with simplified configuration of gate control list (GCL) for TSN switches. However, previous traffic scheduling approaches with the CQF mechanism have overlooked the influence of routing strategies on scheduling optimization. To account for the interaction between the scheduling and routing problems, we propose a two-layer heuristic optimization algorithm, called the Joint Optimization on Offset and Route Selection (JOORS). In this algorithm, the inner layer is responsible for selecting routing decisions, while the outer layer focuses on selecting the time offset.The algorithm establishes the connection between the inner and outer decisions through simulating the flow scheduling process. The goal of the JOORS algorithm is to maximize the scheduling success rate for TT flows in a TSN network based on the CQF mechanism.Extensive simulations demonstrate that the JOORS algorithm can significantly improve the scheduling success rate compared to other algorithms and benchmark schemes.
Improved estimation of lake greenhouse gas emissions in China based on nutrients and potential benefits from eutrophication controls
Authors: Tong Yindong , Wang Qirui , Zhao Feng , Huang Zhao , Zhi Wei , Xie Jiawen , Chai Guangshuo , Liu Rongkun , Cui Xiaoyu
Published: May 2024

Lakes are important natural sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the atmosphere, and their nutrient status is a significant driver affecting GHGs production and emission. Nevertheless, when estimating GHGs emissions at regional or national scales, the variations in emission rates caused by differences in nutrient status are often overlooked or not adequately considered. The potential social benefits of eutrophication control in mitigating climate change damage were rarely quantified, leading to largely underestimated benefits generated from water quality improvement. In this study, we compiled a comprehensive dataset on the emission rates of three typical GHGs (i.e., CO2, CH4, and N2O) from China’s lakes (n=356), and their nutrient concentrations, lake morphologies, and climate information. The fitted models between lake GHG emission rates and their drivers were established to upscale national GHGs emissions from lakes and approximate the changes in GHGs emissions under different nitrogen and phosphorus levels. We found that the current GHGs emissions from China’s lakes were 48.44 (31.60‒73.79) Tg CO2-eq·y-1, with CO2 emissions contributing around 52%. Even with a mere 10% reduction in nitrogen concentration in lakes nationwide over 2020‒2050, the estimated decrease in the GHGs emissions over the 30-year period would be 46.9 Tg CO2-eq, avoided climate change damages values could reach $1.5‒4.9 billion (2020 $US). Lake eutrophication controls can present an excellent chance to simultaneously achieve the Sustainable Development Goals of “clean water and sanitation” and “climate action”, accelerating the global progress toward sustainability.
Research on Retrieval Model of Daily Maximum Temperature in Rice Growing region of Sichuan Province Based on Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Wang Fuzeng , Yang Sihui , Yuan Shujie , Han Lin , Wang Tao
Published: May 2024

Based on the observation data of 103 conventional meteorological stations, MODIS data and geographic information data, the BP neural network, Random Forest and support vector machine methods based on genetic algorithm were applied to build the retrieval model of daily maximum temperature in Growing region of Sichuan Province. The results indicated that: (1) Compared to other models, the model combining multispectral information with spatiotemporal information for daily maximum temperature inversion had the highest inversion accuracy. The inversion model using only spectral information for daily maximum temperature had the lowest inversion accuracy. The addition of spatial and temporal information could effectively mitigate the impact of complex atmospheric environments on model inversion. (2) For the inversion model of BP neural network based on genetic algorithm and Random Forest algorithm, the accuracy of the model was significantly improved by the day sequence information, and for the inversion model based on support vector machine, the accuracy of the model was significantly improved by the spatial information. (3) The inversion model based on Random Forest had the highest precision, RMSE = 2.19 ℃. The inversion model based on support vector machine had the second highest accuracy, with RMSE = 2.31 ℃. The inversion model based on genetic algorithm and BP neural network has the lowest accuracy, with RMSE = 2.44 ℃.
Virulence analysis of wheat stem rust pathogen (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) using differential lines
Authors: Jashni Mansoor Karimi , Khanboluki Fatemeh , Nasrollahi Mahmoud
Published: May 2024

Wheat stem rust caused by a fungus Puccinia graminis f.sp tritici (Pgt) is one of the most significant wheat diseases infecting all the above-ground parts of the wheat plant. Pgt is an obligate biotrophic pathogen with rapid genetic changes through sexual reproduction on alternative host barberry and spontaneous mutations during its life cycle. Emergence and prevalence of new races result in incidence of epidemies on susceptible wheat. To monitor the genetic change and virulence variability of Pgt population, we studied the collected wheat stem rust samples from eight different provinces of Iran during 2020–2022. For each sample, virulence was assessed on the seedling stage of 20 North American differential lines carrying one of stem rust resistance genes Sr5, Sr21, Sr9e, Sr7b, Sr6, Sr8a, Sr9b, Sr9a, Sr9g, Sr11, Sr36, Sr30, SrMcN, Sr31، Sr24, Sr17, Sr9d, Sr10, SrTmp and Sr38. Results showed that among purely thrived 43 samples, the most virulence was on lines carrying Sr5, Sr6, Sr8a, Sr9b, Sr30, Sr17, Sr21, Sr9e, Sr7b, Sr9d, Sr10, SrTmp, Sr38, and SrMcN, while lines carrying Sr31 and Sr24 genes were resistant to the most of races. Data revealed that the majority of isolates belong to virulent races TTTTK, TTTTF, PTTTK and TKTTK. Races PTTTK and TTTTF were the most frequenct among all 13 identified races. To our knowledge, races TTTTK and PTTTK have not been reported previously from Iran. To employ the effective genes in wheat breeding programs, continuous monitoring of genetic change and virulence variability of Pgt population is required.
Photo-activated Efficacy Against HIV-1, Multiple Microbes and Biofilms by Zinc-complexes of Combinations of Cationic Ammoniumphenyl and Methylpyridinium-Porphyrins
Authors: Sharma Debdulal , Rai Madhu , Das Nandita , Kapavarapu Ravi Kumar , Pandey Piyush , Gaur Ritu , Sengupta Devashish
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of cationic porphyrins, namely P3AmM, PAm3M, and c-P2Am2M, and their zinc(II)-complexes, P3AmZM, PAm3ZM, and c-P2Am2ZM. These compounds were developed by strategically methylating primary amino groups in precursor porphyrins to overcome steric hindrances associated with repetitive amine alkylation. Under photodynamic therapy (PDT) conditions, these porphyrins showed significant suppression of HIV-1 synthesis and infection, along with antibacterial properties against drug-resistant Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolates. The bacterial growth dynamics indicated restrained proliferation and reduced biofilm production in the presence of the porphyrins over five days, underscoring their efficacy as antibacterial agents. Particularly, P3AmZM, PAm3ZM, c-P2Am2ZM, c-P2Am2ZM, and PAm3M exhibited heightened antibacterial activity against both strains, with Staphylococcus aureus showing greater susceptibility. Disc diffusion assays highlighted the superior antibacterial efficacy of compounds c-P2Am2M and c-P2Am2ZM, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus. Computational molecular docking simulations revealed enhanced binding energy and interaction profiles of the lead compounds, c-P2Am2M and c-P2Am2ZM, with various HIV targets. These findings suggest these compounds deserve recognition as prospective synergistic anti-HIV agents with potent antibiotic properties under PDT conditions.
The Efficancy Evaluation of Zirconia Crown on Primary Molars with Carious Defects
Authors: Deng# Shuman , Niu Shanshan , Gao# Qi , Zhang Li , Chen Zhixiao , Pei Liling
Published: May 2024

Objectives
To estimate the therapeutic effects of preformed metal crown (PMC) and prefabricated Nusmile ZR crowns (ZC) on decayed primary morals in children and to analyze the possible influencing factors.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was used in this study. A total of 192 patients aged 3 to 8 were recruited in the Stomatological Department of Shenzhen Children's Hospital ranged from October 2021 to October 2023. The decayed mandibular first molars were selected and restored with vital pulp therapy followed by PMC and ZC , including 96 cases (96 caries) in the PMC group and 96 cases (96 caries) in the ZC
group. Oral clinical examination was respectively performed at 3 months, 1 year and 2 years after treatment, overwiewing the clinical therapeutic effects and periodontal status of PMC group and ZC group as well as recording the crown integrity, gingival index (GI), probing bleeding index (BI), plaque index (PLI) and various prosthetic indices.
Results
There were no significance in periodontal status of PMC group and ZC group at 3 months, 1 year and 2 years after treatment (P > 0.05). However, GI, BI and PLI in PMC group were higher than those in ZC group at 3 months, 1 year and 2 years after treatment , and the difference was dramatically significant (P< 0.05). There had no close bearing on various prosthetic indices(P>0.05). There were no significant differences in GI, BI and PLI between the two groups (P > 0.05). There were also no significant differences in various prosthetic indices between genders after PMC restorations (P > 0.05). The scores of girls in various prosthetic indices after ZC restoration were higher than those of boys (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis indicate that there was an inverse correlation between age in PMC group and the GI, BI, PLI and FDI indices (P < 0.01), rather than in NuSmile ZC groups(P> 0.05).
Conclusions
PMC and ZC can be applied to restore deciduous molar caries . The periodontal status of deciduous teeth in ZC group was superior to that in PMC group. The periodontal status of deciduous teeth in PMC group may be stable as age increased.