bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Political communication in legislation function in arranging wetland local regulation
Authors: Samahuddin  , Fadly  , Halisa N N
Published: May 2021

Political communication is the beginning of the emergence of political products. One of the political products that are important for the survival of the community in the regions is local regulations. The process of making wetland local regulations requires a political process involving fractions in the Regional House of Representatives as the owners of legislative authority and function related to local regulations. These fractions there are political wants and interests. Due to the interests, the function of political communication by the fractions in the Regional House of Representatives is very important in determining the course of the formulation of local regulations. The purpose of this study is to analyze the stages of political communication of the fractions in the formulation of wetland local regulations in the Regional House of Representatives of South Kalimantan Province. The research method uses a qualitative approach with document study, observation, and in-depth interviews related to political communication in the Legislative Function related to the formulation of wetlands local regulations in the Regional House of Representatives of South Kalimantan Province. Using Miles and Huberman’s data analysis techniques, the results of the study show that political communication related to the wetland local regulation between Regional House of Representatives members takes place as an effort to master the civic skills of the community in South Kalimantan Province through the stages of preparation, implementation and evaluation. The preparation of wetland local regulations in the Regional House of Representatives of South Kalimantan Province is carried out by building intense and sustainable political communication with all fractions represented by each House of Representatives member in the Regional House of Representatives of South Kalimantan Province.
Hotspot management strategies in media framing during the covid-19 period
Authors: Kumalawati R , Nasruddin  , Murliawan K H , Yuliarti A
Published: May 2021

Fires and Covid-19 are disasters that occur in developing and developed countries. Indonesia is a developing country that has a high potential for fire disasters and is struggling to resolve Covid-19. The Covid-19 pandemic is a major challenge for Indonesia in dealing with forest and land fires. The communication process in implementing a hotspot handling strategy is a very important element. One way to communicate is the mass media. The mass media has an important role as an early warning system for the community. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of “Hotspot Management Strategies in Media Framing during the Covid-19 Period”. The research method uses literature studies and text analysis of framing in mass media regarding news of fire disasters in online media. Selection of cases on fire news by several mass media. The findings from the research was media played an important role in helping outreach and shaping information related to strategies undertaken in hotspot handling. The conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic limited people from interacting outside the home, with the mass media as a solution. The limitations of the research were limiting the online media under study, namely online media channels in South Kalimantan; kalsel.antaranews.com, infobanua.co.id, metro7.co.id, and kanalkalimantan.com, during July 2020. The choice of media was due to the focus of research to see the framing of the Kalimantan media related to hotspot handling strategies. The results of the study showed the role of the media in framing news related to hotspot handling strategies in the Covid-19 disaster conditions. The media was very helpful in optimizing information in disaster mitigation. The synergy of media and society was also very important in the process of information distribution in maximizing fire handling efforts.
Prediction of rice consumption in South Kalimantan by considering population growth rate
Authors: Yulida Y , Karim M A
Published: May 2021

The availability of rice in an area that is less than the requirement of the population might have an impact on the instability of economic. The Province of South Kalimantan is one of the regions in the territory of Indonesia which is one of the mainstays as a source of production of national rice and barns. Population in the province continues to increase from year to year and greatly influences the dynamics of the number of rice consumption in the area. In this study, we predict the rice consumption in the Province of South Kalimantan by considering the population growth rate in the region. Rice production is modeled mathematically by forming assumptions that pay attention to data on harvested area, productivity, and productions of milled dry grain and rice. Parameters that affect the model are estimated by using the nonlinear least squares method. Furthermore, we present predictions of the number of rice production and consumption in the Province of South Kalimantan. From these predictions, it can be concluded that from 2019 to 2028, the Province of South Kalimantan experienced a surplus of rice that continued to increase to exceed 100%, and from 2029 to 2050 it declined to reach 74.02%.
Nutrient input from the litterfall in the lowland forest of Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park
Authors: Handayani D , Rahajoe J S
Published: May 2021

The litterfall dynamic research has been carried out in the lowland forest of Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park aimed to determine the turnover of nutrient in the ecosystem. Plant litterfall production is crucial ecosystem process that defines the nutrient returns through the decomposition process of the forest floor. Litterfall is one of the nutrient input sources of the ecosystem. One year period of litterfall was monitored from the littertraps, and the nutrient contents were analyzed to determine the nutrient return to the ecosystem. The litterfalls that have been classified as leaves, stems, reproductive parts and others were collected every month. The results showed that more nutrient litterfall components i.e. N, K, Ca, Na, Mg (except for P) returned to the soil in rainy season than in dry season. The litterfall nutrient return based on the highest to the lowest can be arranged in the following sequence Ca> N> K> Mg> Na> P; with the total values were 19.18 ± 2.42 (SE) > 18.81 ± 2.08 > 3.1 ± 0.51 > 2.98 ± 0.58 > 1.02 ± 0.24 > 0.53 ± 0.06 kg ha−1, respectively. The pattern of nutrient input in each component corresponds to the component of the litterfall production.
The characteristics of local rice varieties of tidal swampland in South Kalimantan
Authors: Khairullah I , Saleh M , Mawardi
Published: May 2021

The local rice varieties of tidal swampland dominate paddy fields in South Kalimantan. Differences in varieties are found with various names as Siam, Bayar, Pandak, and Lemo. This paper reviews of studies related to the local rice of tidal swampland in South Kalimantan. The paper aims to describe the agronomic and morphologic characteristics of the local rice varieties. Data obtained from research was carried out at acid sulfate soils of tdal swampland in South Kalimantan. Characterization of the local rice varieties is carried out based on the Standard Evaluation System for Rice IRRI on agronomic traits, morphological character, grain quality including Fe and Zn content in brown rice, abiotic and biotic stress plant. The observed characters showed that several local rice varieties of tidal swamplands had good or superior characters so that it can be used as crossing material in breeding programs to improve new varieties (HYV’s) that are adaptable in the soil problem and acceptable by farmers and consumers at tidal swamplands. The new HYV’s can also increase rice production and productivity and increase markets demand at tidal swamplands of South Kalimantan.
Bioresources and diversity of snakehead, Channa striata (Bloch 1793): a proposed model for optimal and sustainable utilization of freshwater fish
Authors: Gustiano R , Kurniawan K , Kusmini I I
Published: May 2021

Among freshwater fishes in Indonesia, snakehead is an essential and valuable fish bioresources for a long time. Although breeding snakehead just started in the last decade, direct consumption, raw material for food industry and pharmacy/albumin source have already been developed earlier. This study outlines snakehead biological resources and their diversity, production trends and challenges, and understanding for strategic planning for its optimal and sustainable use. Of the 10 snakehead species in Indonesia,Channa striata is the most popular species. Although Indonesia’s snakehead production contributes significantly to global production, the production of this species in the last three decades still depends on inland fisheries around 73-97%, and the rest comes from aquaculture. Therefore, the decline in snakehead production occurs because of over-exploitation, seasonal influence and high vulnerability of the species to climate change. Bioresource flow model (BRFM) is proposed to optimize the use of snakehead to provide strategic planning for further development. This model includes a domestication program for aquaculture and conservation, hatchery production, an alternative understanding of snakehead aquaculture production systems, biotechnological improvement processing for albumin production, and wastewater treatment management.
Botanical inventory and rarity of the fern Genus Pteris in the karst forests of Bantimurung - Bulusaraung National Park, Sulawesi – Indonesia
Authors: Praptosuwiryo Titien Ngatinem
Published: May 2021

The ferns flora of Sulawesi is poorly documented. Pteris L. is a large fern genus inhabiting various habitats, mostly forests, which are distributed in tropical and subtropical countries. Floristic study on fern genus Pteris in the karst forests of Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park (BabulNP) was carried out to add our knowledge of the ferns flora of Sulawesi. This study aimed to inventory Pteris growing in the karst forest of BabelNP and determine the rarity of each species. Nine species were recorded, namely, Pteris biaurita L., P. ensiformis Burm.f., P. longipes D. Don, P. pellucida C. Presl, P. radicans Christ., P. quadriaurita Retz., P. spinescens C. Presl., P. tripartita Swartz, and P. vittata L.. P. pellucida and P. spinescens may be new records for Sulawesi. Summary of the most important characters for distinguishing species of Pteris in the park is provided. Five species, namely Pteris longipes, P. pellucida, P. quadriaurita, P. radicans, and P. spinescens are considered as rare species. This study contributes to the knowledge of Malesian biodiversity, especially for fern flora of Sulawesi growing on karst forest. This survey provides baseline data for one of the most dominant elements of the understory cover in the limestone forests of BabulNP.
The impact of pine forest management on the surrounding community in Malang Forest Management Unit
Authors: Adalina Y , Sawitri R
Published: May 2021

Pine forest used by the community surrounding forest to improve the community’s economy through Community Forest Management Program established by Perum Perhutani with division of arable land and plantation of species vegetation. This study aims to: (1) determine the diversity of plants in pine forest; (2) to analyze socioeconomic of the land user farmers, and (3) to recognize the optimization of land use and the diversity of cultivated vegetables. The research was conducted at the Junggo Forest Resort Production, Forest Management Unit Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The survey method was carried out through a plant inventory with total of 23 plots. Farmers were interviewed from 30 respondents through a structured questionnaire and the data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. There were five species of stands found at tree canopy level namely Eucalyptus alba, Albizia sp, Toona sureni, Persea americana, and Pinus merkussi species with the highest. Various vegetables that combined in 2-3 species, implementing an agroforestry system. The average of land user’s income is IDR 4,500,000 - IDR 6,000,000 per 4 months of the harvest season. The implementation of Community Forest Management Program under pine stands would provide benefits for improving welfare of communities around the forest.
Genetic purity and population structure of potato variety Granola L
Authors: Kirana R , Kusmana  , Karjadi A K , Gunadi N , Reflinur  , Hermanto C
Published: May 2021

The phenotypic performances have formed the basis for genetic purity evaluation. However, the phenotypic based the genetic purity assessment are time-consuming, expensive, and not stable due to a great environmental effect on traits expression. While, the genotypic based genetic purity evaluation of a variety offers an efficient, more stable, and precise result than those phenotypic method due to no environmental factors involved. The objectives of this study were to determine genetic purity and population structure of Granola L. potato variety derived from twelve collection sources using microsatellite markers. This study consisted of following steps, such as cultivation of Granola L. potato varieties in the field, DNA isolation, PCR analysis, amplified DNA fragment analysis. The results showed that Granola L. variety derived from twelve sources had high level of genetic purity which indicated by genetic similarity value of 0.96 observed in present study. Based on population structure analysis, Granola L. variety might have consisted of two sub-populations of which one sub-population was more dominant than other sub-population. Therefore, genetic purification activities for Granola L. variety are still needed to increase genetic purity and to reduce phenotypic differences in future.
Naringin may alleviate doxorubicin cytotoxic effects in C2C12 myoblast cells
Authors: Septisetyani E P , Prasetyaningrum P W , Santoso A
Published: May 2021

Doxorubicin is one of the first line chemotherapeutic agents used to treat different types of cancer. However, despite its efficacy, doxorubicin can be toxic to muscle tissue and worsen the prognosis of cancer patients. Previously, we investigated the effect of chemopreventive agents curcumin, naringin and epigallocathecin-3-gallate (EGCG), which show anticancer properties in cancer cells, in C2C12 myoblast cells. We found that naringin, a citrus flavonoid, showed no significant cytotoxic effect on C2C12 cells. In this study, we investigated doxorubicin cytotoxicity alone or in combination with naringin against C2C12 myoblast cells, which can be differentiated into multinucleated myotubes. Cell viability assays had been carried out by WST assay, whereas C2C12 differentiation was observed after incubation of C2C12 cells with 2% horse serum and stained with crystal violet. As a result, C2C12 cell viability decreased to 43.89% after treatment with 2 µM doxorubicin for 24 hours. Moreover, C2C12 differentiation is also inhibited by doxorubicin. In contrast, C2C12 cell viability was maintained at 90.45% after treatment with 500 µM naringin. Interestingly, naringin may alleviate doxorubicin cytotoxic effects on C2C12 cell myogenesis.
Antimicrobial activity assay of Plantaricin F produced by L. lactis pNZ8148-plnAF against Candida albicans
Authors: Mustopa A Z , Rasmentari N , Kusdianawati  , Triratna L , Nurfatwa M
Published: May 2021

Plantaricin is a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum. It has potential as probiotic, antimicrobial, easily degraded by proteolytic enzyme and Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). The objective of this study was to produce plantaricin F expressed from Lactococcus lactis pNZ8148-plnAF, purified using gel-filtration chromatography and investigated its antimicrobial activity using disc diffusion method against Candida albicans using nystatin as a positive control. Crude plantaricin F yield was 1.23 grams. Gel-filtration chromatography using Sephadex G-50 of plantaricin F yielding in 25 fractions. 5 fractions (fraction no 7, 9, 17, 18, 19) from 25 fractions have antimicrobial activities based on the clear zone on disc diffusion method.
The commodity of Curcuma spp. sold in the traditional markets of Yogyakarta
Authors: Jalil M , Purwantoro A , Daryono B S , Kurniawan F Y , Purnomo
Published: May 2021

Curcuma is a member of the Zingiberaceae family. In the traditional market, Curcuma soldby empon-empon trader. Previous research reported that some Curcuma species are rare to be found and were sold by traders. Therefore, there is a concern regarding the possibility of Curcuma spp. extinction. Research objectives are: (1) to find the number of empon-empon traders in Yogyakarta; (2) to know the percentage of the number of rhizomes found in traditional markets in Yogyakarta; and (3) to find whether the Curcuma species are found completely in the Yogyakarta traditional market. The research was conducted by exploration of traditional market in Yogyakarta. The data were analyzed by the Cochran test. Research results showed that the percentages of rhizomes are as follow: temu ireng (C. aeruginosa) (27.59%), temu giring (C. heyneana)(31.03%), turmeric (C. domestica) (93.10%), temu mangga (C. mangga) (27.59%), temu glenyeh (C. soloensis) (0%), temu lawak (C. xanthorrhiza) (64.29%), and temu putih (C. zedoaria) (17.86%), sold by empon-empon traders. Some Curcuma were rare in nature such as C. mangga, C. heyneana, C. purpuracens, C. soloensis, C. euchroma, C. colorata, and C. borg. The rhizome of Curcuma spp. is found to be incomplete in the traditional markets of Yogyakarta.
Micropropagation of diploid and tetraploid Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng
Authors: Sari L , Rudiyanto  , Hafiizh E A , Ermayanti T M
Published: May 2021

Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng is commonly consumed by people in North Sumatra, Indonesia, as a vegetable, which is commonly called Torbangun. Plant tissue culture is an alternative method for the mass-production of transplants. Genetic improvement by somatic cell manipulation such as induction of polyploid plants is needed to improve biomass production as well as their secondary metabolite products. This research aimed to conduct in vitro micropropagation of diploid and tetraploid P. amboinicus on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing BAP or Kinetin. Shoot tips were used as explants and cultured on MS medium containing BAP or Kinetin at 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/l given as single concentration. The experiment used a completely randomized design with four replications. Each replication consisted of three explants. The results showed that height of shoots was affected by type of cytokinins. Kinetin at 0.5 mg/l gave the highest shoots of tetraploid plants significantly different with addition of BAP both to diploid and tetraploid plants. The number of multiple shoots and leaves varied in both diploid and tetraploid plants. Root formation was best on the medium without addition of cytokinins. Both diploid and tetraploid plantlets had a high survival rate after acclimatization in the greenhouse.
The potency of coconut shell wood vinegar and essential oils as botanical insecticides to control Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Indriati G , Samsudin  , Susilawati  , Puspitasari M
Published: May 2021

Hypothenemus hampei is the major pest on a coffee plantation invested coffee berry in the field then unwittingly carried to storage. The aim of this research was to evaluate the potential of coconut shell wood vinegar and essential oils to control H. hampei. The research conducted in the Pest and Disease Laboratory of IIBCRI and Pakuwon Experimental Field started from January until December 2018. The test of clove oil and citronella oil residue conducted at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days after treatment (DAT) at a concentration of 2%; 3%; 4%; 5%; control (aquadest) and α-cyhalothrin insecticides (2 ml/l), respectively. Each treatment used 15 adults of H. hampei replicated 3 times. Coconut shell wood vinegar formulated into 2 formulas. Each formula was applied with different essential oil concentrations as 6 treatments and replicated 4 times. Result showed that the botanical insecticide formula of coconut shell wood vinegar + 5% clove oil caused mortality of H. hampei until 80 - 95%, and coconut shell wood vinegar + 5% citronella oil caused mortality of H. hampei reached 73.34 - 88.33%. Overall, the best botanical insecticide formula is a combination of coconut shell wood vinegar + clove oil.
Efficiency of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) with rice OsNAC6 gene
Authors: Rachmat A , Chairunisa  , Maulana B S
Published: May 2021

Crop improvement by genetic engineering requires efficient plant regeneration derived from cultured cells or tissues. The success of cell or tissue culture regeneration depends on reliable explant source. In this study, three different types of explant (callus, stem, and leaf) of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were evaluated to determine the most effective explant source for Osnac6 gene transformation. OsNAC6 encodes a transcription factor belonged to NAC transcription factor family in rice (Oryza sativa L.). OsNAC6 transcription factor has been reported in some studies to confer tolerance to drought stress. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA 105 harboring pC1305 plasmid containing the OsNAC6 gene driven by CaMV 35S promoter (pARNAC6) was used for transformation. The T-DNA contains hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) gene as a selectable marker. PCR confirmed the presence of the hpt gene in the T0 generation of the transformed tobacco plants. The PCR result showed that a total of 50 tobacco plants were positive for hpt gene which 18, 20, and 12 of them derived from callus, stem, and leaf explants respectively. The highest transformation efficiency was obtained by using the stem as explant material, i.e. 17%. Meanwhile, the obtained transformation efficiency by using callus and leaf was 15% and 10% respectively.
In silico screening of oil palm early and continuously flowering gene candidates for faster breeding program
Authors: Polosoro A , Enggarini W , Hadiarto T , Supena E D J , Suharsono
Published: May 2021

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a vegetable oil-producing crop used for consumption and biodiesel production. Fastrack breeding is one of breeding techniques to reduce plant vegetative phase significantly by a combination of conventional and transgene technologies. However, the lack information of flowering genes in oil palm become a gap for developing this technology. This paper aimed to discover the candidate genes from oil palm for developing early flowering oil palm lines. Screening potential florigen protein by comparing rice OsHd3a protein sequence in the NCBI database successfully discovered 13 florigen protein candidates with more than 53% similarity and up to 90% query cover. All protein candidates were analyzed by protein structure homology modeling (SWISS-MODEL) based on several parameters, including GMQE score and QMEAN Z-score. The modeling discovered that at least eight proteins predicted a similar structure to AtFT1 and four proteins are related to AtTFL1, which repress flowering process. Based on GMQE, QMEAN Z-score, and phylogenetic tree, we suggested three proteins (XP_010911427, XP_010925712, and XP_019705101) as the strong candidates for florigen protein. However, to verify their functions, all selected proteins should be inserted to the model plant and evaluate them as morphologically and physiologically.
Microbial lipid production by the yeast Lipomyces starkeyi InaCC Y604 grown on various carbon sources
Authors: Juanssilfero A B , Salsabila P , Agustriana E , Andriani A , Fahrurrozi  , Perwitasari U , Sutrisno A
Published: May 2021

The use of non-renewable fuels in the transportation sector boosts the development of renewable biofuels, such as biodiesel. However, crops-based biodiesel production can cause the increment of deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. This circumstance motivates the development of oleaginous microorganisms as alternative raw materials to overcome these problems. Lipomyces starkeyi is one of the potential oleaginous microorganisms due to its ability to produce higher lipid content. In addition, L. starkeyi is capable to grow in affordable carbon sources, such as lignocellulose and molases, which can reduce the production costs. The aim of this study is to determine the ability of L. starkeyi InaCC Y604 in producing lipids from various carbon sources and its effects on the composition of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and lipid contents. L. starkeyi InaCC Y604 were cultivated in nitrogen-limited mineral medium (-NMM) with various carbon sources, namely glucose, xylose, fructose, galactose, mannose, cellobiose and a mixture of glucose and xylose. The results showed that mixed glucose and xylose gave the best result with the lipid content achieved at 64.19% (w/w). The results obtained indicated that L. starkeyi InaCC Y604 could be a potential candidate for further optimizing biodiesel production.
Application of Projection Pursuit Analysis Method Based on Kernel Function in Fault Diagnosis for Rolling Bearing
Authors: Jing Cheng , Le Su , Weiqing Wang , Shan He
Published: May 2021

In view of nonlinear and non-Gaussian characteristics of fault feature for rolling bearing of wind turbine, the projection pursuit analysis method based on kernel function is put forward to make pattern recognition for all bearing running states. It elaborates the principle of projection pursuit method, and plan and steps for pattern recognition, then has a simulation and test by MATLAB software. The test results show that the projection pursuit analysis method based on kernel function is an effective method for fault diagnosis, and it can quickly and efficiently identify rolling bearing running states.
Design of sound monitoring and fault diagnosis system for dry-type transformers
Authors: Wu Weidong , Wu Zhengyang , Guo Shouchun , Lu Yulin , Ma Li , Wang Qinghua
Published: May 2021

This paper focuses on several common fault phenomena and possible causes of dry-type transformer. MATLAB programming realizes the processing of acoustic signal. Through the encapsulation of GUI interface program and the processing and analysis of a large number of fault signals, fault sets are formed. Through the actual transformer fault acoustic signal processing, the main fault frequency of the acoustic signal is extracted and used as an important criterion for transformer fault detection.
Optimization experiments of the SNCR denitrification system in circulating fluidized bed boiler after ultra-low emission transformation
Authors: Han Yuan , Zhu Yujie
Published: May 2021

The current work firstly aims to improve denitrification efficiency of the selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) denitrification system in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler after ultra-low emission transformation, to reduce the operating pressure of the subsequent selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification system, and to extend the service life of the boiler. Secondly, it attempts to ensure that the concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx) does not exceed the emission standard, to drop the consumption of the reducing agent, and to save operating costs. Therefore, some key factors, such as the number of spray guns affect denitrification efficiency and the amount of ammonia escape, were chosen as the operating parameters to be optimized. Meanwhile, a 150 MW CFB boiler in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China was employed for the experimentation. We then designed and implemented the optimization experiments of the SNCR denitrification system, including optimizing the operating parameters and deeply optimizing the SNCR denitrification process. The denitrification efficiency can reach 76.6% when there are four spray guns with valve opening of 50, 100, 100, and 50% respectively from top to bottom. The current work can be used as a frame of reference for carrying out relevant experiments on similar units.
Research and Development on the Separators of Li-ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Lanhua , Liu Qi , Xu Shufei , Du Yuju , Ren Xiaolin
Published: May 2021

With the rapid development of the lithium-ion batteries, the lithium-ion battery separator, as a critical component of lithium-ion batteries, had been extensively studied. In this paper, the main function and performance indicators about the separator materials, recent research and development status at home and abroad of lithium ion battery separators were reviewed. The types and existing problems of mainstream diaphragms in the existing market were described. The production methods of the separators were discussed mainly. It simply introduces the status of the separator’s modification and development of new type of battery separator. Finally, the future development trend of battery separators was forecasted.
The cooling techniques on the continuous casting process
Authors: Changyong Liu , Yajie Dong , Hua Wang , Jinping Xie , Pang Shusheng , Xu Chen
Published: May 2021

In the process of blast furnace ironmaking, in order to facilitate the transportation and storage of the molten iron, the liquid molten iron is continuously cast into iron block by using cast iron machine. In the process of continuous casting, adopting safe and efficient cooling method can shorten the cooling time of cast iron block, increase the cooling rate of molten iron in cast iron mold, and improve the productivity of cast iron machine. In this paper, the development of cooling technology in continuous cast iron process is reviewed, and the technical characteristics and application evolution of spray water cooling and dry cooling are introduced.
Structural evolution of rubber-wood char under different pyrolysis conditions
Authors: Liu Liang , Cao Ya , Qing Mengxia , Long Yutian
Published: May 2021

In order to explore the effect of different pyrolysis conditio ns on the structural characteristics of rubber wood biomass pyrolysis, rubber wood char was prepared under fast pyrolysis and slow pyrolysis conditions. The char was analyzed by BET, SEM, FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy to explore the effects of different pyrolysis conditions on pore characteristics, surface structure and chemical structure. The results showed that the nitrogen isothermal adsorption/desorption curves of slow pyrolysis at 900°C are obviously different, and the char structure has a certain amount of mesopores and macropores. With the pyrolysis temperature increased, the alkane side chain of rubber wood char broke, and formeda large number of active sites, which promoted the condensation of small aromatic rings into large aromatic ring structures, and deepened the aromatization of char structures. The rapid pyrolysis method causes the content of the small aromatic ring structure to be greater than that of the large aromatic ring structure at low temperature. The slow pyrolysis method causes the increase of the large aromatic ring structure to be greater than that of the small aromatic ring at a lower temperature contrarily.
Application of Acoustic Variable Density Logging Technology in Petroleum Energy Development
Authors: Wang Chunrui
Published: May 2021

Energy is an important factor restricting the development of national economy, and petroleum energy is the main supplier in the current world energy environment, which promotes the development of agriculture, and various industrial sectors are closely related to petrochemical products. However, with the long-term development of the oilfield, it has experienced the stages of flowing production, water injection development and three times of chemical agent injection development, the production and explorable new reserves have decreased significantly, especially after the oilfield entered the well pattern three times of infilling adjustment, because of the exploitation of thin, poor and off surface reservoirs mixed between the main oil layers. Due to the requirements of oilfield development, not only the channeling between the adjusted thin and poor layers should be prevented, but also the channeling between the adjusted thin and thick layers should be prevented. Therefore, the requirements for cementing quality are higher and higher, and the requirements for testing and evaluation standards of cementing quality are more and more accurate. In this paper, through the application of acoustic variable density logging technology in petroleum energy development, combined with the examples of acoustic amplitude and acoustic variable density logging curve, the cementing accuracy of the first, second and interface of cement sheath after cementing is further improved, so as to meet the new requirements of correctly evaluating the cementing quality in the later stage of oilfield development.
Experimental Study on the Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 by Fe2O3/BiOIO3 Composite Photocatalyst
Authors: Zou Jianshu , Wu Jiang
Published: May 2021

Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to produce renewable hydrocarbon fuels is of great significance for solving the greenhouse effect and energy crisis. However, due to some shortcomings of the photocatalyst itself, further research is needed to realize its industrial application. In this article, we prepared Fe2O3/BiOIO3 composite photocatalyst by a simple one-step hydrothermal method, and discussed the photocatalytic activity and reaction mechanism of Fe2O3/BiOIO3 composite photocatalyst through a series of characterization and photocatalytic reduction experiments. The band gap energy of the composite photocatalyst (2.32 ev) is smaller than that of pure BiOIO3 (2.98 ev), so the composite photocatalyst can absorb visible light. Since the edge of the conduction band of BiOIO3 is more positive than the edge of the Fe2O3 conduction band, the photogenerated electrons in the Fe2O3 conduction band can be transferred to the BiOIO3 conduction band, which makes BiOIO3 more reducible and can reduce CO2 to CO. This study can provide some reference for the field of photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide.
Gasoline Vapor Explosion Modes in Confined Space under Weak Constraint Conditions
Authors: Liang Jianjun , Wang Shimao , Liu Shu , Zhang Peili , Wang Dong , Yang Yiqi
Published: May 2021

The article focuses on the establishment of the experiment system in confined space with weak constraint surface. It also studies the overpressure variation of gasoline vapor explosion, the mechanism of flame shapes with time, and the coupling relationship between them under different weak constraint conditions. Meantime, the development modes of external flame after the damage of weak constraint are categorized. The results show that: 1. With the increasing area of weak constraint surface, the development modes of external flame can be categorized into: under-expansion jet combustion, jet combustion, external explosion. 2. When an external explosion occurs, the change of internal overpressure in confined space is more complicated, with multiple overpressure peaks as well as strong Helmholtz oscillations. 3. Lower initial gasoline vapor concentration and large area of weak constraint surface are more conducive to external explosion.
Simulation of a typical fire process in a gas station
Authors: Xiao Jun , Zhang Peili , Li Liheng , Li Yuxi , Wu Jingsi , Cai Yunxiong
Published: May 2021

Fire simulation software PyroSim was used to simulate the occurrence and development process of a gas station kiosk fire, the change rules of key parameters such as temperature, CO, smoke spread and visibility in the fire process were briefly discussed. From the simulation process and results, when there is an open fire in the refueling booth, the smoke is mainly distributed below the refueling booth and will not enter the interior of the supporting office area. The visibility within 1m near the supporting office area is not significantly affected; the highest temperature near the burning surface and the lower wall of the roof of the refueling booth can reach more than 1000°C, and the temperature of the refueling unit and the column nearest to the burning surface can reach 400°C;the highest concentration of carbon monoxide within 1m of the supporting office area is 18ppm, which is not high enough to cause harm to human body.
The Effects of Substrate Types on Rainwater Control on a Container Green Roof
Authors: Tian Yiwen , Zou Weina , Xu Li , Tang Huiling , Qin Bingduo , Pan Xiaochen
Published: May 2021

Green roofs have been recognized as a valuable approach to adjust for urban microclimate, purifying rainwater and increasing biodiversity in urban spaces. Besides, it can be used to control rainwater runoff effectively. The adsorption function of green roofs on rainwater runoff mainly depends on the interception effect of the vegetation layer and the absorption and storage effect of the substrate layer. The effects of rainwater runoff are impacted by varying substrate types. In this study, the formation time of runoff for silicate mixed matrix (grass soil: pumice = 3:1) and high-temperature combustion oxide mixed matrix (grass soil: slag = 3:1) were measured and compared in a rainfall simulation experiment. The different responses between their runoff intensity and time were analyzed. The results showed that the runoff formation time was 255 min for the silicate mixed matrix and the runoff peak time was 310 min when the rainfall intensity was 0.3 mm/min and the substrate thickness was 300 mm. The runoff formation time was 230 min for the high temperature combustion oxide mixed matrix and the runoff peak time was 290 min in the same conditions. Both the runoff formation time (over 9.8%) and the peak runoff time (over 6.5%) for the silicate mixed matrix were longer than the time for the high temperature combustion oxide mixed matrix. Based on the results from this study, the silicate mixed matrix is more effective than the high temperature combustion oxide mixed matrix in control rainwater runoff on green roofs.
Weak alkali ASP flooding in the second type reservoir in the A OilfieldProfile control technology and effect
Authors: Yun Kong
Published: May 2021

Profile control technology refers to the operation of plugging high permeability layers from injection wells, which can adjust the suction profile of injection layers and improve the ultimate recovery. In this paper, the heterogeneity of the weak alkali ternary compound block of the second kind of oil layer in the A area of the some Second Division is strong, the injection conditions between well groups are different, the injection pressure level of some wells is low, the suction conditions of each sedimentary unit are different, and the comprehensive water cut of the block is high. In order to alleviate the contradiction between in formation and in plane, improve the utilization rate of chemical agents, and improve the ultimate recovery rate of the block, the deep profile control is carried out according to the characteristics of the oil layer development of the well group. Ten profile control wells were selected to adopt the profile control system of one and two polymer gel, which is a water shutoff agent for oil production. The polymer solution was used to carry particles for deep profile control. In this paper, the characteristics of profile control technology and the method of well and layer selection are studied, and the change law of dynamic index after profile control is analyzed in detail.
Research on Battery Balancing Strategies
Authors: Yuanyuan Li
Published: May 2021

While being used as energy storage carriers, batteries usually need to form series-parallel modules to meet the requirements of system voltage and power. Due to the differences of materials, production process and temperature of each battery in the module, there will be unbalanced voltage. If it is not controlled, some batteries will be damaged due to overcharge or over discharge, resulting in the failure of the module or even accidents. This paper first analyzes the development of energy storage batteries, and studies the causes of the imbalance of the battery pack and the significance of its balance. Then several battery equalization methods and their working principles are studied, and the equalization process of a double-layer active equalization system is analyzed in detail, so as to improve the consistency of the batteries and extend their service life. Finally, the comparative analysis results of inductor-based equalization and transformer-based equalization are given.
Design Of Airfoil For Low Reynolds Number Flights Using Python Automation Code
Authors: Somashekar V , Immanuel Selwyn Raj A
Published: May 2021

The design of airfoil represents a facet of aerodynamics. The low-Reynolds number flight vehicle manufacturers/designers are seeking the efficient and effective method of airfoil design code for design and development. This research paper presents an efficient, low-speed airfoil design using the Python automation code. The main objective is to design the airfoil to achieve high aerodynamic performance for future fixed-wing micro aerial vehicle (MAV) applications. In this study, the fixed-wing micro aerial vehicle travel with the speed range between 6-20 m/s and the Reynolds number 2x105 are considered. The Python automation code is developed to achieve the optimum air foil as per the user requirements The designed airfoil is analysed using ANSYS Fluent and is validated with wind tunnel experiments. According to the findings, the designed airfoil has a high lift aerodynamic performance at low Reynolds number and could be ideal for the design and development of micro aerial vehicles. The maximum variation of the coefficients of lift and drag from reference (S1223 airfoil) and designed airfoil numerical results are 13.64% and 16.66%, respectively at 10 angle of attack (AOA). The maximum range and endurance estimated for both reference and designed airfoil. The maximum range 6% increased for designed airfoil as compared to the reference airfoil. It is strongly recommended that any aerodynamic design engineer can use this Python automation code to design the airfoil as per the user requirements.
Drive Shaft Design and Analysis For Mini Baja
Authors: Gowtham S , Raaghul V , Sreeharan B N , Praveen Kumar R A , Mohamed Kasim S
Published: May 2021

A wide variety of automobile design and racing events happening across the country to encourage the student community in the design of automobile vehicles. In this regard, the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) enables a student to gain real world experience in the fields of design, analysis and manufacturing of the all-terrain vehicle by conducting such events. This paper describes about the design and analysis of drive shaft for mini BAJA vehicle that has participated in one of the national level competitions conducted by SAE. Drive shaft is one of the major components used in BAJA. The drive shaft discussed here is used to transmit the required torque from the differential to the wheels. All the components of the drive shaft were designed analytically, modeled in Solid Works and analyzed using Ansys software to ensure its safety. The main objective is to fabricate more reliable and eco-friendly drive shaft by minimizing the cost and increasing the overall performance.
Optimization Of Process Parameters For Peak Temperature During Friction Stir Welding Of Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Shinde Gurunath , Jadhav Ganesh , Jamadar Vahid , Mulani Sarafaraj , Arakerimath Rachayya
Published: May 2021

Friction stir welding is a solid state joining method used to join materials which cannot be joined by fusion welding. In this joining method, heat produced due to the friction between tool and workpiece is used to weld workpiece material. Heat input depends upon amount of friction caused by process parameters such as rotational speed, weld speed, tool geometry, axial force etc. In the present study, effect of friction stir welding process parameters such as shoulder to pin diameter ratio, rotational speed and weld speed on peak temperature obtained during friction stir welding of aluminum alloy were investigated using taguchi L9 orthogonal array. ANOVA result shows that shoulder to pin diameter ratio (D/d) is the most significant factor affecting on peak temperature obtained during the FSW.
Soft Computing Approach To Design Energy Efficient Protocol In Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Anand Santosh , sinha Somnath
Published: May 2021

The major limitation of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the efficient utilization of energy resources. Maximum energy is lost during communication in terms of transmission power. The minimum and maximum value of transmission power depends on the node density for any particular network. In this research work the transmission power which is generally considered to be fixed for any node is subjected to be changed by taking random values between minimum and maximum transmission power as directed by the proposed neural network model. The idea cab be used in any simulation technique to enhance the lifetime of WSN. It proves that the network can save the energy considerably.
Vision Based Self Adaptive Algorithm for 6 Axis ABB Industrial Welding Robot
Authors: Parameshwaran R , Tony Thomas A , Madhu Vishal V
Published: May 2021

The ultimate aim of this work “Vision Based Self Adaptive Algorithm for 6 Axis ABB Industrial Welding Robot” is to develop a self-adaptive RAPID algorithm based on the captured image of the work piece. The image of the work piece is captured using NI Guppy pro F031C camera which has 300 DPI with 120 FPS resolution. The captured image is transferred to the LabVIEW software for developing the self-adaptive algorithm through RS232 serial communication protocol. The LabVIEW vision assistant module is used to develop an algorithm based on the geometry of the captured image. The various image processing operations like Thresholding, Morphological operation (Thinning), and edge detection are carried out. The caliper tool is used to measure the distance between the coordinate points (welding distance). With the aid of Visual Basic, the measured values are converted into coordinates. The coordinates are used to develop a RAPID program with the aid of ABB Robot Studio library functions. The virtual server is established between the ABB Robot Studio and IRC5 Controller with the use of MOD-BUS protocol with VISA. After receiving the data from the MOD-BUS, the IRC5 controller moves the ABB Industrial Robot End effectors along with the welding gun for the welding purpose. The work piece is located on the designed jigs and fixtures. The different types of welding with different design can be incorporated with the Vision Assistant module for further development. To illustrate the developed algorithm, robot assisted MIG welding process is carried out. The welded work-pieces are tested for its strength quality and the results are verified. Optimal welding parameters for the good quality of weldment identified by using Taguchi method of optimization.
Investigation of aluminium LM6 metal matrix composites reinforced with graphene flakes using stir casting process
Authors: Narendiranath babu T , Yadhukrishnan  , Saxena Ishaan Rahul , Modi Drumit B
Published: May 2021

Through the past decades Aluminium has been used in several manufacturing sectors because of its unique properties like light weight, highly malleable and ductile, high strength etc. Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) is being in trend due to its ability to inhibit good properties of its constituents . The purpose of this paper is to manufacture Aluminium LM6 MMC with infused Graphene Flakes(in concentration of 0.1%,0.25%,0.4% by weight) by Stir Casting Process and to study the changes in the mechanical characteristics and compare with the former. Secondly as Graphene is highly expensive material we will be using Exfoliation method to extract Graphene Flakes from the graphite rods.