bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
« To Preach Criticism and Impartiality? » : Objectivité, neutralité et idéologies dans l’Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences (1930-1935)
Authors: Linos Marie
Published: January 2023

En 1935, le dernier volume de l’Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences (ESS) est publié, mettant un terme à une aventure éditoriale ayant débuté près de dix ans plus tôt. Cette publication scientifique, dirigée par deux économistes américains, Edwin Seligman et Alvin Johnson, entend s’imposer comme l’ouvrage de référence en sciences sociales à l’échelle internationale. Mais au-delà d’offrir des définitions de concepts chers aux sciences sociales, l’ESS soulève inévitablement une série de réflexions épistémologiques. Cet article s’intéresse ainsi au régime d’objectivité qui sous-tend l’ESS, afin non seulement d’éclairer la manière dont l’objectivité est définie dans ce projet colossal et ambitieux, mais aussi d’historiciser cette notion longtemps perçue comme anhistorique, participant ainsi à l’effort des historiens et historiennes des sciences pour remettre en cause le récit linéaire d’une expression universelle et intemporelle de l’objectivité en sciences (sociales).
Critiques de l’histoire et histoire critique
Authors: Régibeau Julien
Published: January 2023

En partant de l’appel lancé en 2014 par Jo Guldi et David Armitage à travers la publication de l’History Manifesto, cet article a pour objectif de revenir sur la place des discours historiques académiques dans la société occidentale au 21e siècle. Cela implique de faire un retour sur la « crise de l’histoire » diagnostiquée par de nombreux chercheurs à partir de la fin des années 1980 et dont l’History Manifesto se fait l’écho lointain. Le thème de la crise est ici décomposé afin d’en saisir les différentes facettes stratégiques, sociales, épistémologiques et culturelles. Il ressort de l’analyse que les défis adressés par le présent au passé sont une occasion de dépasser l’herméneutique du déclin afin de s’intéresser plutôt aux nouveaux modes critiques d’interroger l’histoire, les solutions expérimentées ne se limitant pas à l’emploi du temps long d’inspiration braudélienne défendue par le manifeste. Il est enfin rappelé que la réflexion sur l’expertise à laquelle tendent à prétendre les historiens de métier va de pair avec la prise en charge des implications critiques et politiques d’une telle ambition.
Une expérience de philosophie sur le terrain du travail social : approche éthique et construction méthodologique
Authors: Toularastel Florie
Published: January 2023

Cet article a pour objectif de décrire mon expérience de terrain dans une association de santé communautaire par et pour les travailleurs et travailleuses du sexe active en France dans une ville X, et de déployer mes décisions et leurs motifs dans la production d’une méthodologie propre. Je propose aussi d’interroger la pertinence d’une participation active au terrain vis-à-vis de la problématique : comment le travail social communautaire produit-il une connaissance de la précarité distincte de celle qui est produite dans le travail social gouvernemental ? J’essaie ainsi, à la suite des éthiques du care, de penser le soin comme un outil de connaissance, et de saisir les inflexions qu’il permet dans la compréhension de la vulnérabilité.
L’objectivité en sciences humaines, un idéal régulateur ?
Authors: Banse Camille , Colpaint Emilie , Rutsaert Camille
Published: January 2023

Aujourd’hui, l’exigence d’objectivité s’est imposée comme idéal régulateur de la pratique scientifique dans les sciences historiques et sociales. Pourtant, la notion même d’objectivité scientifique n’a pas toujours existé ni eu la même signification. Il apparait ainsi indispensable d’interroger un concept régulièrement utilisé pour légitimer nos savoirs. La question se pose avec d’autant plus d’insistance en ce qui concerne les sciences humaines et sociales, au vu des développements, ces dernières années, de la théorie de la connaissance située (standpoint theory), qui se propose de remettre en cause la notion d’objectivité en proposant de considérer le point de vue des minorités comme un biais de connaissance pertinent pour la critique d’un système donné. L’objectivité en sciences humaines, un idéal régulateur ? C’est sous cet intitulé volontairement provocateur que ce numéro des C@hiers du CRHiDI. Histoire, droit, institutions, société rassemble les contributions de jeunes chercheurs et chercheuses qui se sont prêtés à l’exercice dans leur champ de recherche respectif, soit en interrogeant le lien existant entre rationalité scientifique guidée par une méthodologie spécifique et leurs affinités respectives (méthodologie orientée), soit en analysant la perception subjective des acteurs historiques eux-mêmes au travers des sources mises à disposition. En guise de conclusion, ce numéro propose une interview de l’historienne et philosophe Geneviève Warland dans laquelle elle interroge tour à tour la relation entre les notions de vérité et d’objectivité et les impératifs qui en découlent pour l’historien et l’historienne, tant dans son activité scientifique que d’un point de vue sociétal.
« L’objectivité en sciences humaines » ce vers quoi il faut tendre ? L’objectivité selon une historienne située, entretien avec Geneviève Warland
Authors: Banse Camille , Colpaint Emilie , Rutsaert Camille
Published: January 2023

Docteure en histoire, licenciée en philosophie (maîtrise) et détentrice d’un master en Français Langue Etrangère, Geneviève Warland est professeure en historiographie et histoire publique à l’UCLouvain. Ses recherches en historiographie s’inscrivent dans la perspective transnationale des transferts culturels sur la période allant de 1870 jusqu’à l’entre-deux-guerres. Elles concernent, pour l’essentiel, les historiographies allemande, belge, française et néerlandaise. Les thématiques abordées portent essentiellement sur le rôle public de l’historien : l’historien comme intellectuel, l’impact des guerres sur son activité et sa compréhension de l’histoire, les représentations de la nation et de l’Europe, l’historien comme membre de réseaux et acteur de la collaboration scientifique. Ses recherches en histoire publique visent, quant à elles, à promouvoir la médiation des savoirs historiques en lien avec les nouveaux médias et supports virtuels. Le nouvel axe majeur dans ce cadre concerne l’élaboration d’une nouvelle histoire de Belgique en vue de son bicentenaire.
De la mambournie à la fabrique : la présence et l’action des laïcs dans la gestion matérielle des paroisses d’antan
Authors: van Caulaert Jean-François
Published: January 2023

Très tôt, l’Église a éprouvé la nécessité de limiter et de règlementer la présence des laïcs, tant dans ses édifices que ses structures de gestion. Au fil des siècles, les records des coutumes archi-diaconales et décanales s’en sont fait l’écho, tout en distinguant les missions et profil du personnel d’exécution (sacristain, chantre, sage-femme, …) de ceux du personnel de gestion (mambour, fabricien, trésorier, …), tous laïcs, dont les obligations et éventuelles rémunérations variaient selon la localisation, la richesse et l’importance de la paroisse, mais aussi l’époque. À côté des règlements, les rapports des tournées d’inspection permettent d’entrevoir la marge qu’il pouvait y avoir de la théorie à la pratique.
Actinomycosis Simulating Malignancy on CT: A Case of A Long-Forgotten IUD
Authors:   General Surgery SHO, Frimley Park Hospital, Surrey, United Kingdom, E Jose , YZ Ch ng ,   Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Frimley Park Hospital, Surrey, United Kingdom, OA Oyekan ,   General Surgery SHO, Frimley Park Hospital, Surrey, United Kingdom, CM Chauhan ,   General Surgery SHO, Frimley Park Hospital, Surrey, United Kingdom, A Alabi ,   General Surgery Consultant, Frimley Park Hospital, Surrey, United Kingdom
Published: January 2023

Actinomyces Israelii is known to be commensal, particularly in the gums and tonsils, sometimes in the vagina. The diagnosis of actinomycosis is challenging owing to nonspecific clinical findings. First instance imaging often resembles inflammatory and infective pathologies like Crohn’s or intestinal tuberculosis, and in this case, abdominal malignancies [1]. Actinomycosis infectionsare complicated by their tendency to extend into surrounding structures and develop fistulae [2]. Our case report specifically looks at a fit-and-well female patient who had been referred under a suspected gastrointestinal cancer pathway after a recent change in bowel habit for CT imaging which was subsequently thought to be disseminative malignant growths. Our 56-year-old lady had an indurating mass in her abdomen draining pus which prompted her GP to discuss this case with the surgeons. On further MRI imaging and lab cultures, it was revealed that the sinister mass is found to be an Actinomyces Israelii colonised long-forgotten IUD placed 12 years ago. The unfortunate patient suffered widespread abdominal involvement which required extensive surgery involving major bowel resection, salpingo-oopherectomy, bilateral ureteric stents for hydronephrosis and a partial cystectomy.
Effect of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia, Branches in Wolaita Sodo
Authors:   Department of Management, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia, NS Sharecho , D Raghava ,   Department of MBA, QIS College of Engineering & Technology, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: January 2023

There is increased demand for higher quality services as consumers all over the world in all sectors become more quality conscious. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction in the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia branches in Wolaita Sodo town. For this purpose, 383 respondents were selected from target population and 22 item likert scaled SERVPERF instrument questionnaires were distributed and 344 valid responses were analyzed. The correlation analysis indicated that there were positive and significant relationship between all service quality dimensions and customer satisfaction. Regression analysis which was performed to study the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction found that four service quality dimensions: namely, empathy, responsiveness, reliability, and assurance were positively and significantly affect customer satisfaction and the tangibles dimension was insignificant for analyses. Compared with other quality dimensions in SERVPERF instrument, empathy has high effect on customer satisfaction. The bank is recommended to work hard in all quality aspects and give more personal attention to customers, understand the interest of customers, care for their customers, and give prompt service.
The New Application of Global Positioning for Truck in RTT Logistic at Cameron Highlands
Authors:   Open University Malaysia (OUM), Sri Rampai, Malaysia, Y Vijayakumar
Published: January 2023

This research sought to determine how Ringlet Trading Transport Logistics in Cameron Highlands used a new application known as a Global Positioning System for truck to improve on-time delivery performance in order to fulfil customers’ expectations and satisfaction through on-time delivery. This research, on the other hand, contributes to the enhancement of RTT Logistics procurement and production by giving an effective application for businesses to save expenses (cost minimizations) by calculating the most direct route to their destination. In order to properly achieve the study’s goal, data was also collected through a survey and an interview session. In addition, 30 truck drivers in Cameron Highlands responded to the survey. The truck drivers were between the ages of 18 and 55. The drivers were asked to determine if they agreed that on-time delivery has increased their capacity to meet the expectations of their clients. In this study, the Global Positioning System (GPS) was found to make truck drivers’ everyday work trips easier. Aside from that, RTT Logistics’ owner believed that implementing a new application would assist the company in achieving its goals and objectives.
Awareness Enhancement on Atomic Energy and Nuclear Technology Applications Using ICT
Authors: Busagala L.S.P. , Kayanda A.M.
Published: January 2023

Purpose: There have been a lot of applications of atomic energy and nuclear technology in different development activities in Tanzania but it seems that people are not aware of this. On the other hand, ICT has been reported to enhance the awareness of various issues. It is not known how much ICT takes a role in enhancing the awareness of atomic energy and nuclear applications in Tanzania. This study therefore aimed at uncovering the role of ICT in enhancing awareness of atomic energy and nuclear technology applications in Tanzania.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used a quantitative method whereby a five scale Likert-scale questionnaire was used to collect data from higher education students and the public. The descriptive statistics and a t-test were used as part of the analysis of the findings.

Findings: The results show that generally, most students and people from the public are not aware of the applications of nuclear technology in Tanzania (Mean: 3.18) and most of them (Mean: 3.42) have not been using ICT to get information on nuclear technology application in Tanzania. It was also found that there is a significant difference (p<0.05) between students and the public in both awareness and perception of the use of ICT to increase awareness with a small effect (0.2<d<0.5).

Implications/Research Limitations: The study involved university/college students in all fields and also the people from the public from any field and any study level; which may call for more studies on more specific groups. The study focused on Tanzania which may be limited to the environment present.

Practical Implication: This study is useful in the process of taking necessary measures on increasing awareness among Tanzanians and especially students who can be the future experts in the field of nuclear technology.
An Improved Mathematical Representation of Mohr’s Failure Criterion For Brittle Materials
Authors: Sackey S.M. , Ngewana T. Z.
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This paper addresses issues bearing on accuracy neglected by earlier failure theories such as Rankine’s and Mohr’s. The overall aim is thus to present a thorough analysis of Mohr’s failure criterion and offer an improved model.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The foundation of the methodology is Mohr’s criterion for predicting the failure of brittle isotropic homogeneous materials, built on the foundation of test results from three simple cases namely, pure tension, pure compression, and pure torsion. Thus the methodology involves first carrying out a critical analysis of Mohr’s model, followed by encapsulation of Mohr’s three simple monolithic cases in one generic equation of a circle whose parameters can be varied to match specific principal loading conditions more correctly. Experimental data are then used to validate the improved model.

Findings: The work’s output is a material evaluation procedure that consists of a set of simple mathematical tests, any one of which predicting failure first, would then indicate the overall failure of the structural component under investigation. Results show clearly that this approach, i.e. using one parametric generic equation to represent material strength, is not only feasible but also robust. It offers an accurate method for predicting the failure of a brittle material under complex stresses.

Research Limitation: Improvised conditions for biaxial data collection were less than ideal.

Practical implication:  The study recommended that other brittle materials beyond cast iron be included in any further studies to broaden the scope of applicability of the findings.

Social implication: The research adds new literature and findings to an old subject. With this new knowledge, bookmakers could shape the way brittle materials are used in engineering design.  

Originality / Value: The value of the study lies in the fact that to date very few failure theories exist that cater fully satisfactorily to brittle materials. The rigour of the methodology confers potential for its application beyond brittle materials.
Capability Analysis of Drift-Inherent Processes: Case of Nail Wire Drawing
Authors: Sackey S. M. , Ahmed I.
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The central purpose of the study is to model the process capability of drift-inherent manufacturing processes by testing the efficacy of a novel approach that filters trend from raw process data before applying statistical process control tools. A secondary aim was to ascertain the intrinsic capability of the process following the filtering.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Specifically, the study focused on processes in a nail-wire drawing and tested a method for analysing data from naturally-drifting processes that involves filtering trends from data before applying appropriate tools to verify the state of statistical control and capability of the process. The physical foundation for this work is based on data collected from a nail-wire drawing process A total of 250 data points were gathered over 50 days in two successive instances of 125 points, each spanning 25 days. Data were checked for normality followed by mathematical conditioning to filter out the wear trend before analysis by normal statistical process capability and control chart procedures.

Findings: Results show that the proposed method is effective for tracking hidden effects in steadily drifting processes such as those associated with wear. After filtering, the data is found to fall within product specifications, though robust statistical control was still required through appropriate measures.

Research Limitation: To investigate the intrinsic nature of the process outside of the process, material wear is assumed to be the sole source of the inherent drift. In processes where several sources of inherent drift are present, this may pose a problem. Additionally, the study focused on just one plant; however, data from other similar plants will be needed to buttress the findings and widen the scope of applicability of the findings.

Practical implication:  The competitive pressures of today’s marketplace are increasingly forcing companies to place premium emphasis on product quality while aiming at the lowest costs possible. The study recommends continuous and sustained efforts to reduce variation in manufacturing processes to brighten firms’ competitive survival.

Social implication: The study will bring new knowledge to metal product manufacturers that can help them deliver high-quality products and value for money to consumers.  

Originality / Value: New insights afforded by the study’s approach include revelations of otherwise hidden measurement errors as well as undersized finishing-die. Any other out-of-control occurrences can then be more easily tracked and identified and root-cause analysis applied to eliminate them.  This is a practical study that seeks to develop an innovative way to monitor the quality of processes whose tracking is made difficult by inherent drift. The easy-to-adopt methodology can be implemented by metal product manufacturers grappling with drift-inherent processes.
Antibiotic Stewardship and Its Impact on Antibiotic Use at The Child Health Directorate of A Teaching Hospital In Ghana
Authors: Oppong K. G. , Attakorah J. , Enimil A. , Ansah C. , Buabeng K. O.
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The study was intended to ascertain the existence of an antibiotic stewardship programme at the Child Health Directorate of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) and assess the knowledge of health professionals about the importance of the antimicrobial stewardship programme.  Again, it sort to assess the experience of participants with pharmacotherapy of infections and patient outcomes with generic and innovative brands of antibiotics. The third was to assess reporting on adverse reactions and storage conditions of the antibiotics.

Design/Methodology/ Approach: This was a cross-sectional study involving health professionals who participated in the provision of infectious disease management services. 

Findings:  Eighty-eight (88) professionals were involved in the study, comprising nurses (n=51), medical doctors (n=21), pharmacists (n=8), biomedical scientists (n=5) and public health officers (n=3). No antibiotic stewardship programme existed. However, there was a protocol for antibiotic use that was not strictly adhered to. About 60 % of the participants had knowledge of the antibiotic stewardship programme and affirmed its importance. The majority (75 %, n=66) reported treatment failure with generic brands of antibiotics compared to innovator brands. Thirty-four percent of the participants (n=30) reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) on antibiotic therapy to superiors instead of filling out ADR forms.  Antibiotics were kept in inpatient bedside cabinets with no thermometers to monitor the storage temperature conditions.

Research Limitations: The study was done in one Directorate in the hospital and thus cannot be generalized to reflect the situation in all teaching hospitals in Ghana.

Practical implication: The evidence obtained highlighted the need for pragmatic antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) at the directorate to help optimize the management of childhood infections and minimize the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance.

Originality/Value. This was an original project designed to generate evidence to inform interventions to promote the responsible use of antimicrobials in children.
PRACTICES OF FRESH FISH FARMERS ALONG THE SUPPLY CHAIN OF FISH FARMING OF KOLA-KISARAWE, TANZANIA
Authors: Issa Ibrahim Mohammed , Mubarack Kirumirah Hamidu , Kisakeni Yusuph
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The study assessed the fresh fish farming process along the supply chain of Kola- Kisarawe, Tanzania. It further digs into understanding the contributions for conducting fresh fish farming in the context of preparation and construction of ponds, site location for farms, harvesting and packaging as well as marketing and distribution.

Design/Methodology/Approach: A qualitative research design was adopted and data were drawn from 5 keys informant interviewees from five ponds who were selected by purposive sampling technique. Key informant interviews, documentary review and non-participant observation were used in data collection. Thematic data analysis strategy was adopted where by data gathered were analysed by content analysis using MAXQDA 2020 software.

Findings: Findings showed that fresh fish farming is conducted through construction of ponds, site location, harvesting and packaging as well as marketing and distributions. Further, findings indicate that availability of fund, proper storage, handling and marketing to mention just a few are the processes for fresh fish farming.

Research Limitation: The study focused on the practices of fresh fish farmers along the supply chain of fish farming.

Practical implication: The study recommends stakeholders to participate actively on provision of capital, search for markets and build public awareness on contributions of fresh fish farming. These findings contribute to the existing knowledge in the sector, insist stakeholder’s participation with regards to improvement of fresh fish farming process.

Social Implication: Clearing shortcomings in the sector will help in improving fish farmers and traders livelihood, country’s economy and employment in general.
Online social network user performance prediction by graph neural networks
Authors: Gafarov Fail , Berdnikov Andrey , Ustin Pavel
Published: January 2023

Online social networks provide rich information that characterizes the user’s personality, his interests, hobbies, and reflects his current state. Users of social networks publish photos, posts, videos, audio, etc. every day. Online social networks (OSN) open up a wide range of research opportunities for scientists. Much research conducted in recent years using graph neural networks (GNN) has shown their advantages over conventional deep learning. In particular, the use of graph neural networks for online social network analysis seems to be the most suitable. In this article we studied the use of graph convolutional neural networks with different convolution layers (GCNConv, SAGEConv, GraphConv, GATConv, TransformerConv, GINConv) for predicting the user’s professional success in VKontakte online social network, based on data obtained from his profiles. We have used various parameters obtained from users’ personal pages in VKontakte social network (the number of friends, subscribers, interesting pages, etc.) as their features for determining the professional success, as well as networks (graphs) reflecting connections between users (followers/ friends). In this work we performed graph classification by using graph convolutional neural networks (with different types of convolution layers). The best accuracy of the graph convolutional neural network (0.88) was achieved by using the graph isomorphism network (GIN) layer. The results, obtained in this work, will serve for further studies of social success, based on metrics of personal profiles of OSN users and social graphs using neural network methods.
Semi-supervised learning for sentiment classification with ensemble multi-classifier approach
Authors: Aribowo Agus Sasmito , Basiron Halizah , Abd Yusof Noor Fazilla
Published: January 2023

Supervised sentiment analysis ideally uses a fully labeled data set for modeling. However, this ideal condition requires a struggle in the label annotation process. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a promising method to avoid time-consuming and expensive data labeling without reducing model performance. However, the research on SSL is still limited and its performance needs to be improved. Thus, this study aims to create a new SSL-Model for sentiment analysis. The Ensemble Classifier SSL model for sentiment classification is introduced. The research went through pre-processing, vectorization, and feature extraction using TF-IDF and n-grams. Support Vector Machine (SVM) or Random Forest for tokenization was used to separate unigram, bigram, and trigram in model generation. Then, the outputs of these models were combined using stacking ensemble approach. Accuracy and F1-score were used for the evaluation. IMDB datasets and US Airlines were used to test the new SSL models. The conclusion is that the sentiment annotation accuracy is highly dependent on the suitability of the dataset with the machine learning algorithm. In IMDB dataset, which consists of two classes, it is better to use SVM. In the US Airlines consisting of three classes, SVM is better at improving the model performance against the baseline, but RF is better at achieving the baseline performance even though it fails to maintain the model performance.
IMPLEMENTASI PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL PADA DOUBLE SKIN FACADE SEBAGAI UPAYA MENCAPAI KENYAMANAN TERMAL RUANG DALAM BANGUNAN PADA KONTEKS KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Setiawan Laurensius , Enggar Sari Wulani
Published: January 2023

Abstrak - Selubung bangunan menjadi salah satu elemen bangunan yang penting untuk menciptakan kenyamanan termal ruang dalam bangunan karena berinteraksi langsung dengan lingkungan di luar bangunan. Double skin facade merupakan salah satu strategi rancangan selubung bangunan yang tidak hanya dapat digunakan sebagai bagian dari rancangan fasad bangunan tetapi juga bisa dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan termal ruang dalam bangunan.

Seiring perkembangan teknologi, rancangan double skin facade juga semakin beragam dan berkembang salah satunya dengan teknologi material yang digunakan. Phase change material merupakan teknologi material yang dapat diaplikasikan di berbagai elemen bangunan seperti selubung bangunan atau double skin facade. Phase change material merupakan material yang mempunyai kemampuan untuk melepaskan dan menyimpan energi panas laten. Phase change material memiliki kemampuan untuk berubah fasa dari cair menjadi padat maupun sebaliknya. Sebagian jenis phase change material memiliki karakter transparan yang dapat dimanfaatkan dan diaplikasikan pada elemen bangunan transparan seperti selubung bangunan atau double skin facade sebagai strategi untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan termal ruang dalam bangunan.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi phase change material pada double-skin facade bangunan terhadap kenyamanan termal ruang dalam bangunan di Kota Bandung. phase change material sendiri merupakan material yang belum banyak diterapkan khususnya dalam dunia arsitektur sehingga penelitian perihal phase change material ini dapat menambah pengetahuan mengenai inovasi strategi mencapai kenyamanan termal ruang dalam pada bangunan. 

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimental menggunakan simulasi digital. Eksperimen dengan simulasi digital dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Design Builder dan EnergyPlus. Analisis dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi model simulasi sebelum aplikasi phase change material pada double skin facade dan setelah aplikasi phase change material pada double skin facade.

Berdasarkan proses analisis, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa Aplikasi phase change material dapat meningkatkan kenyamanan termal ruang dalam bangunan. Alternatif rancangan double skin facade dengan phase change material memiliki pengaruh perubahan temperatur operatif rata-rata hingga sebesar 7,34% dibandingkan ruangan tanpa penggunaan phase change material.

 

Kata Kunci: phase change material, double skin facade, kenyamanan termal ruang dalam
PENERAPAN KOMPONEN MODIFIKASI STRUKTUR RISHA DALAM RANCANGAN ARSITEKTUR RUMAH TINGGAL DENGAN APLIKASI BERBASIS SMARTPHONE
Authors: Joan Marisstella , Carissa Laurentia
Published: January 2023

Abstrak - RISHA(Rumah Instan Sederhana Sehat) merupakan teknologi struktur pracetak dengan sistem knock-down atau dapat dibongkar pasang yang dirancang oleh Pusat Penelitiandan Pengembangan (PUSLITBANG) Permukiman pada tahun 2004. RISHA mempunyai komponen struktural dengan ukuran yang terbatas yaitu 1,8 m dan 3 m. RISHA kemudian dikembangkan untuk menambah ukuran komponen P1 sehingga didapatkan ukuran luas lantai bangunan yang lebih variatif. Pengembangan RISHA ini memberikan keuntungan yang besar dalam perancangan rumah tinggal dibanding perancangan konvensional.

Penggunaan teknologi informasi merupakan salah satu media yang sangat bermanfaat untuk jaman yang semakin berkembang. Tidak banyak orang mengetahui cara menggunakan software CAD, karena itu perancangan aplikasi ini akan membantu mempercepat proses perancangan, pembangunan dan perhitungan biaya RISHA baik untuk arsitek, aplikator maupun calon pengguna. Konsep instan akan tetap terpenuhi dengan adanya aplikasi berbasis smartphone ini.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melanjutkan penelitian dari RISHA modifikasi dengan merancang variasi modul ruang untuk mengakomodasi aktivitas pada fungsi hunian yang disesuaikan dengan ruang gerak dan jumlah penghuni. Selain itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang prototipe aplikasi smartphone melalui website figma untuk mempermudah proses perancangan dan pembangunan rumah RISHA dengan komponen modifikasinya.

Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yaitu perancangan denah rumah dengan RISHA modifikasi berdasarkan data dari studi literatur dan metode kuantitatif dari hasil wawancara dengan pihak yang berpengalaman dalam industri RISHA untuk validasi penggunaan aplikasi smartphone. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukan tiga tata letak yang dapat mengakomodasi aktivitas manusia pada rumah tinggal. Ketiga tata letak tersebut mempunyai keuntungan dan kerugiannya masing-masing. Tata letak A mempunyai harga struktur dari Rp20.976.000,00 sampai Rp20.812.000,00 dengan kelebihan yaitu mempunyai RTH (RuangTerbuka Hijau) serta bisa menjadi arah masuknya sumber cahaya, sedangkan kekurangannya adalah membutuhkan tapak yang besar karena bentuk denah yang asimetris. Tata letak B merupakan perancangan yang paling sederhana, harga strukturnya mulai dari Rp16.640.000,00 sampai Rp18.224.000,00, sedangkan kekurangannya adalah tidak ada ruang makan, sehingga harus digabung dengan ruang keluarga. Tata Letak C merupakan tata letak yang paling luas, sehingga biaya strukturnya paling besar yaitu dari Rp23.888.000,00 sampai Rp24.816.000,00. Aplikasi akan menyajikan rancangan rumah tinggal dan harga strukturnya, kemudian dihubungkan dengan website PUPR untuk menghubungi aplikator. Aplikasi ini dapat mempermudah aplikator, arsitek dan calon penghuni dalam proses perancangan dan pembangunan rumah tinggal RISHA.

 

Kata Kunci : Rancangan arsitektur, RISHA, Sistem informasi, Aplikasi rancangan, Beton pracetak
Why Teaching and Research Activities Lack Vitality?: A Probe into the Basic Psychological Needs of Teachers
Authors: Jiang Shenwei , Li Lingling , Cui Yang
Published: January 2023

Teaching and research activities are of great significance to the professional development of teachers. The basic psychological needs of teachers include autonomy, competence, and attribution. The engagement of teachers in teaching and research activities can be analyzed from these three perspectives. Under the management system of teaching and research, teachers generally lack autonomy in the organization of teaching and research activities; they are also lack scientific research knowledge and ability; in addition, under the influence of harmonious interpersonal relationships and the culture of individualism, there is a dearth in real communication among teachers. In light of this, we propose targeted countermeasures to promote the vitality of teaching and research activities.
A Comparative Study on Communication Skills of Out of School and School Going Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Aasma  , Nawaz Gulfam , Jaleel Faiza
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Communication skills are essential for all individuals in the world to interact with each other. It is the beauty of communication skills to make the population of world capable to share thoughts, experiences, and views with one another. Meaningful communication is always constructed by effective coordination of cognitive, motor, social and linguistic skills. Underlying reasons of genetic or environmental factors affect the cognitive, motor, social and linguistic skills, causing delays in language and communication skills. This comparative study envisioned to find out the communication skills of school going children with IDDs and those who are out of school.

Design/Methodology/Approach: This study was descriptive in nature. A sample of 120 children with IDDSs from which 60 were school going and 60 were out of school, was selected from Punjab province of Pakistan. Parents and teachers rated the communication skills of their children with IDDs.

Findings: Communication skills in school going children with IDDs significantly and remarkably higher than children with IDDs who are out of school. Study recommends to make education accessible for all and provide all children with IDDs to equitable access to schools so that their cognitive, motor, linguistic and social needs can be fulfilled.

Implications: Parental training and awareness campaigns for the development of communication skills will be indispensable. Schools are important for the whole life grooming of individuals with intellectual disabilities.
Okupacja, której… nie było? Życie codzienne w wojennych wspomnieniach mieszkańców Spisza i Orawy, zebranych w latach 1967–1970 i pół wieku później
Authors: Awzan Kacper
Published: January 2023

Pamięć II wojny światowej oraz słowackich rządów na Spiszu i Orawie pozostaje dość żywa w obydwu regionach. Porównując współczesne relacje ze wspomnieniami zebranymi w latach 1967–1970, można stwierdzić, że nie ulega ona większym przemianom. Na obraz pięciu wojennych lat rzutuje przede wszystkim dobra sytuacja gospodarcza oraz zwrot ku słowackości, nieo ceniany pejoratywnie. Relacje świadków sprzed pół wieku uzupełniają się ze współczesnymi świadectwami, choć zawierają więcej szczegółów i niosą większy ładunek emocjonalny.
A History of Boundaries: An Oral History Archive in South Tyrol
Authors: Urru Patrick
Published: January 2023

The analysis of some video interviews collected by the local historian Giorgio Delle Donne demonstrates how family background and external factors such as politics and the media have influenced the way the Italian-speaking population, which arrived in South Tyrol between the 1920s and 1940s, experienced its settling in a new area. The Oral History Archive stored in the Claudia Augusta Italian Provincial Library portrays the issues between the German and Italian-speaking groups in this borderland.
The Mixed Format of Education is a Promising Direction of Training Students of Economic Specialties
Authors:   Financial University, Moscow, Russia, Eliseeva E.N.
Published: January 2023

Unpredictable abrupt changes in the external environment of the education ecosystem have necessitated the introduction of distance and mixed learning formats into practice and the transformation of forms of interaction between students and teachers. The high quality of students' training in higher education institutions has recently been ensured thanks to the implementation of online courses and the organization of mixed forms of education based on them, which involve remote work to familiarize students with theoretical material by performing skill-oriented tasks remotely, face-to-face seminars and final control of the development of academic disciplines. The subject of the article is a methodological approach to the organization of learning processes taking into account the challenges of the external environment and internal restructuring based on the integration of modern pedagogical teaching methods and technological solutions in order to form a new generation of human capital. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the construction of an integrated design—problem approach in conditions of mixed learning using LMS Canvas as a tool to improve the quality of training of a new generation of human capital. The conceptual foundations of designing the implementation of students' research work in a mixed learning format as an element of professional training of human capital are considered. The conclusions are made that the active inclusion of students in the modern process of the knowledge economy brings them to a high level of responsibility and strict compliance with deadlines for individual stages of work.
Axiological guidelines for studying the problems of teacher training at higher education institutions in dissertations on pedagogy
Authors: Shipilina L. A.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The future result of the upbringing of the younger generation and, accordingly, the future of our country depend on the values and attitudes to the profession, and value orientations of graduates of pedagogical universities. The article presents the analysis of the problem of axiologization of teacher training at university in the context of reforming teacher education. The importance of the study of this problem in the methodological context is due to the need for methodological reflection of existing scientific developments in order to identify axiological guidelines for teacher training at university in the context of the requirements of the axiological approach methodology.   Materials and Methods. The study presents the analysis of 125 dissertation abstracts on pedagogy, with the total number of 8400 abstracts [electronic library of dissertations and abstracts on disserCat – www.dissercat.com ; scientific library "Science / Pedagogy" – www.nauka-pedagogika.com ); the dissertation themes include axiological problems of training future teachersat university for the period of 1990-2022. The undertaken research was carried out on the basis of the axiological approach methodology, its main functions and methods. There are 2 aspects of the study and analysis of research materials: research issues and research methods.   Results. Tendencies in the choice of research issues and the quality of using the axiological approach methods have been revealed. The specifics of the research devoted to axiological problems of teacher training at university at various stages of reformation of the teacher education system have been discussed. The perspectives of axiologization of pedagogical education have been formulated.   Discussion and Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, it has been concluded that there is a significant theoretical and methodological basis for the axiologization of the educational process and educational activities in universities training modern teachers. There are two types of problems that need to be addressed: problems of implementation of the axiological approach in pedagogy, associated with the need to understand the essence, role and significance of the axiological approach, its main concepts, content and mechanisms of its implementation; problems of axiologization of pedagogical education in applied research.
Philosophical and anthropological foundations of the emergence of artificial and natural intelligence
Authors: Gluzdov D. V.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Highlighting the philosophical and anthropological moments that are the basis for the interaction of natural and artificial intelligences is the purpose of this article. Within the framework of the study, an attempt is made to identify and formulate the questions and problems of this interaction, to outline possible options for the development of the situation and directions for finding solutions.   Materials and Methods. In methodological terms, in this work, historical, dialectical methods are key, but also hermeneutic and phenomenological approaches are used, which are most often used in philosophical research.   Results. The study covered in this article makes it possible to form an understanding of the current situation with a vision of the grounds for the interaction of intellects. Identification of some areas, within the framework of this topic, we single out, in our opinion, the most interesting promising areas: issues of freedom and identification of a person; individual questions regarding the meaning of human life; perhaps the key question is in what format, in what way the dialogue between "Me" and "He" can go.   Discussion and Conclusions. In the last section of this article, in the process of discussing the results, the role of expertise is touched upon, when, with the accelerating pace of life, only the tasks of operational optimization, optimization of the functioning of a device, programs or system, and not human issues, are put at the forefront. In the light of the study, philosophical anthropology is proposed for the role of providing humanistic expertise, as a doctrine of the essence and nature of man, capable of giving the most “objective” assessment.
Forming the readiness of future teachers to implement strategies for stagingmulticultural interaction
Authors: Sterligova E. A. , Fortygina S. N.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. At the present stage, the value-target guidelines for the modernization of the Russian education system are aimed at the multicultural upbringing of schoolchildren. The effectiveness of the process of multicultural upbringing of schoolchildren in the conditions of a general educational organization is determined by the professionalism of the teacher, therefore, the most important task for the education system is to form multicultural competence in future teachers. In our opinion, the scenario approach to the formation of multicultural competencies is one of the tools for effectively updating the content of education. To implement the staging technology, the teacher needs to create special teaching-learning situations that are aimed at transmitting information and developing the multicultural skills of students. In this regard, one of the important tasks of preparing a future teacher is the formation of his readiness to implement strategies for staging multicultural interaction.   Materials and Methods. Theoretical research methods: analysis of psychological, pedagogical and regulatory documents; pedagogical experiment (questionnaire, ranking, content analysis), methodsof data processing.   Results. Pedagogical diagnostics was carried out in order to determine the readiness of the future teacher to implement the strategies of multicultural interaction. To identify the level of formation of cognitive, motivational-value and performance-based components, specific diagnostic methods were used (questionnaire by S. A. Khazova, F. R. Khatit; ranking of values according to their degree of significance by S. A. Khazova, F. R. Khatit; content analysis) that meet the characteristics of this particular component.   Discussion and Conclusions. The organization of work on the formation of the readiness of future teachers for the implementation of strategies for stagingmulticultural interaction must be carried out in the context of the implementation of interdisciplinary integration, which ensures the productivity of the process of forming the readiness of future teachers for the implementation of strategies for stagingmulticultural interaction; inclusion of students in a variety of (individual, socially significant, project activities) extracurricular activities of a multicultural orientation.
Agroecological assessment of soils under forest plantations of the protection zone of Astana
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, КОCHEGAROV I. S. , КАBANOV A. N. , КАBANOVA S. A. , NEVENCHANAYA N. M.
Published: January 2023

Purpose of research – determine the influence of the degree of soil salinity on the state of hardwood plantations in the green zone of Nur-Sultan city The objects of research were forest plantations growing on soils with limited forest suitability. Artificial plantations of silver birch Betula pendula and Siberian elm Ulmus pumila in 2006 and 2010 of the same age class were selected for the study. Depending on the state of artificial plantations, soil tilling was carried out on the test plots at the depth of the root formation and soil samples were used for the analysis. It was revealed that there is diversity in the type of soil salinity across all sample plots and the most common one is chloride and sulfate salinity that is found in both healthy and weakened stands of both tree species. In chloride and sulfur chloride soil salinization, the physical state of birch plantations was signifi cantly reduced. The content of the sum of toxic salts in the soil under forest plantations of the Siberian elm in healthy stands was minimal, which was gradually increasing with the deterioration of the condition of the trees. In silver birch species, approximately the same content of the total salts was observed in healthy and deteriorated plantations, the increase in toxic salts contents was observed in weakened plantations. The height and diameter of trees in healthy stands of both tree species exceeded those of trees in weakened plantations, judging by the coefficient of variation, tree growth was heterogeneous. It was determined that for the Siberian elm the amount of salts of 0.057% is lethal, the salt content in the amount of 0.014% does not affect the decline in the condition and growth of trees. For the forest plantations of silver birch, contradictory results have been obtained, which require additional research.