bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pesquisar, mas como pesquisar?
Authors: Ferreira Neves Willer , Teixeira de Carvalho Diana Lucia
Published: October 2021

Contexto: A Empresa Júnior de Administração (EJA Consultoria) recebeu o desafio de realizar uma pesquisa de marketing para a empresa Santo Agostinho, mas seus membros se deparam com problemáticas relativas à possibilidade de execução desse projeto. No entanto, pesquisa de marketing é o serviço mais realizado pela EJA, e a Santo Agostinho é uma empresa importante para se ter em seu portfólio. Diante desse contexto, surge o dilema acerca da execução do projeto de pesquisa de marketing da Santo Agostinho. Objetivo: O intuito principal do caso em questão é gerar reflexões acerca da complexidade na elaboração, execução e gestão de projetos de pesquisa de marketing. Fontes de Dados: Entrevistas semiestruturadas com a dupla comercial da EJA que negociou o projeto, assim como os outros dois membros da equipe que estruturou o projeto e era responsável pela sua execução. Algumas conversas informais com os entrevistados e observação participante do próprio autor do trabalho na época do projeto da Santo Agostinho complementaram os dados obtidos com as entrevistas, além da análise de documentos com registros sobre as especificações do projeto. Aplicação: Sugerimos que o caso seja utilizado na disciplina de Administração de Marketing, Pesquisa de Marketing ou Pesquisa de Mercado e Opinião, em cursos de graduação e pós-graduação lato sensu em Administração.
Palavras-chave: Marketing; Pesquisa de marketing; Tomada de decisão.
[ID 56621] EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO E QUALIDADE DE VIDA: UM ESTUDO DE DELINEAMENTO QUASE-EXPERIMENTAL COM ESTUDANTES E SERVIDORES UNIVERSITÁRIOS
Authors: Gonçalves Macedo Everton , Da Silva Teixeira Yuri , Akkari Augusto Doninni , Nunes de Oliveira Janaina , Jhonatan Martins de Andrade Charles , Delani Daniel , Teixeira de Pinho Silvia , GomesTeixeira Tatiane
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos de oito semanas de caminhada sobre a qualidade vida (QV) da comunidade universitária. Metodologia: Pesquisa quase-experimental, com participação de 17 estudantes e quatro servidores da Universidade Federal de Rondônia. Os participantes foram organizados em grupos, conforme assiduidade (ASD) no programa de caminhada: G40M (ASD>40%; n=9); e GA35 (ASD<35%; n=6) e SE (sem exercício; n=6). As sessões de caminhada foram realizadas três vezes por semana, durante oito semanas, com intensidade progressivamente aumentada ao longo das sessões. A QV foi mensurada pelo questionário SF-36, que avalia esta variável em oito domínios: capacidade funcional, aspectos físicos, aspectos emocionais, aspectos sociais, dor, vitalidade, estado geral de saúde e saúde mental. Foram utilizadas ferramentas de estatística descritiva e inferencial para testar diferenças entre os grupos ou momentos, adotando-se (p<0,05) para definição de significância estatística. O tamanho do efeito (TE) também foi calculado. Resultados: No G40M o domínio aspectos emocionais foi o que sofreu mudança numérica mais expressiva (pré: 55,53 ±40,82; pós: 77,75 ±28,88), sem diferença estatística, com TE moderado. Para os demais domínios também não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas (pré versus pós). No GA35 seis domínios sofreram redução, mas sem diferença estatística. Os maiores valores de TE da pesquisa foram encontrados no SE (1,14: estado geral de saúde; -1,05: vitalidade), com elevação dos escores médios em ambos. Conclusão: O programa de caminhada não demonstrou impacto expressivo na QV dos voluntários, mas a pesquisa evidenciou a importância de estudos experimentais/quase-experimentais para investigar a relação entre a QV e a prática de exercícios, especialmente na comunidade universitária.
Blood eosinophils in managing preschool wheeze: lessons learnt from a proof-of-concept trial
Authors: Saglani Sejal , Bingham Yvonne , Balfour-Lynn Ian , Goldring Stephen , Gupta Atul , Banya Winston , Moreiras John , Fleming Louise , Bush Andrew , Rosenthal Mark
Published: October 2021

Background: Management of preschool wheeze is based predominantly on
symptom pattern. Objective: To determine whether personalising therapy
using blood eosinophils or airway bacterial infection results in fewer
attacks compared to standard care. Methods: A proof-of-concept,
randomised trial to investigate whether prescription of inhaled
corticosteroids (ICS) guided by blood eosinophils, or targeted
antibiotics for airway bacterial infection, results in fewer unscheduled
healthcare visits (UHCV) compared to standard care. Children aged 1-5
years with >2 wheeze attacks in the previous year were
categorised as episodic viral wheeze (EVW), or multiple trigger wheeze
(MTW). The intervention group were prescribed ICS if blood eosinophils
>3%, or targeted antibiotics if positive culture on
induced sputum/cough swab. The control group received standard care.
Primary outcome: UHCV at 4 months. Results: 60 children, median age 36.5
(range 14-61) months were randomised. Median blood eosinophils were 5.2
(range 0-21)%, 27/60 (45%) children were atopic and 8/60 (13%) had
airway bacterial infection. There was no relationship between EVW, MTW
and either blood eosinophils, atopic status, or infection. 67% in each
group were prescribed ICS. 15/30 control subjects and 16/30 intervention
group had UHCV over 4 months, p=0.8. Time to first UHCV was similar.
50% returned adherence monitors, in those, median ICS adherence was
67%. There were no differences in any parameter between those that did
and did not have an UHCV. Conclusion: Clinical phenotype was unrelated
to allergen sensitisation or blood eosinophils. ICS treatment determined
by blood eosinophils did not impact UHCV, but ICS adherence was poor.
Order of arrival promotes coexistence via spatial niche preemption by the weak competitor
Authors: Fragata Inês , Costa-Pereira Raul , (Kiedrowicz) Agnieszka Majer , Godoy Oscar , Magalhães Sara
Published: October 2021

Historical contingency, such as the order of species arrival, can modify
competitive outcomes via niche modification or preemption. However how
these mechanisms ultimately modify stabilising niche and average fitness
differences remains largely unknown. By experimentally assembling two
congeneric spider mite species feeding on tomato plants during two
generations, we show that order of arrival interacts with species’
competitive ability to determine competitive outcomes. Contrary to
expectations, we did not observe that order of arrival cause priority
effects. In fact, coexistence was predicted when the inferior competitor
(Tetranychus urticae) arrived first. In that case, T. urticae colonized
the preferred feeding stratum (leaves) of T. evansi leading to spatial
niche preemption, which equalized fitness but also increased niche
differences, driving community assembly to a close-to-neutrality
scenario. Our study demonstrates how the spatial context of competitive
interactions interact with species competitive ability to influence the
effect of order of arrival on species coexistence.
Telomeres positively correlate with pace-of-life and elongate with age in a wild mammal
Authors: Tissier Mathilde , Bergeron Patrick , Garant Dany , Zahn Sandrine , Criscuolo Francois , Réale Denis
Published: October 2021

Understanding ageing and the diversity of life histories is a
cornerstone in biology. Telomeres, the protecting caps of chromosomes,
are thought to be involved in ageing, cancer risks and to modulate
life-history strategies. They shorten with cell division and age in
somatic tissues of most species, possibly limiting lifespan. The
resource allocation trade-off hypothesis predicts that short telomeres
have thus co-evolved with early reproduction, proactive behaviour and
reduced lifespan, i.e. a fast Pace-of-Life Syndrome (POLS). Conversely,
since short telomeres may also reduce the risks of cancer, the
anti-cancer hypothesis advances that they should be associated with slow
POLS. Conclusion on which hypothesis best supports the role of telomeres
as mediators of life-history strategies is hampered by a lack of study
on wild short-lived vertebrates, apart from birds. Using seven years of
data on wild Eastern chipmunks Tamias striatus, we highlighted that
telomeres elongate with age and do not limit lifespan in this species.
Furthermore, short telomeres correlated with a slow POLS in a
sex-specific way. Females with short telomeres had a delayed age at
first breeding and a lower fecundity rate than females with long
telomeres, whereas those differences were not recorded in males. Our
findings support most predictions adapted from the anti-cancer
hypothesis, but none of those made under the resource allocation
trade-off hypothesis. Results are in line with an increasing body of
evidence suggesting that resource allocation trade-offs alone cannot
explaining the diversity of telomere length in adult somatic cells and
life-histories observed across the tree of life.
Physical properties and processing of Silphium integrifolium seeds to obtain oil and enriched protein meal
Authors: Evangelista Roque , Hojilla-Evangelista Mila , Cermak Steven , Tassel David Van
Published: October 2021

Silphium integrifolium Michx. (Silflower) has been a promising subject
for domestication as a perennial oilseed crop. This work was carried out
to investigate the seed processing aspect of this effort. Selected
physical properties of the seed were evaluated, seed milling to obtain
enriched kernel fraction was conducted, and initial characterization of
the seed protein was performed. There was wide variation in flat seed
length (11.54 to 20.75 mm), width (4.61 to 11.76 mm), and thickness
(0.92 to 1.63 mm). The thousand seed weight was 23.8 g but the tapped
bulk density was only 189.58 g/L due to the presence of wing around the
seed’s periphery. The kernel accounted for 56.14% of the seed weight
and contained 31.00% oil. An enriched kernel fraction with 79.6%
purity was obtained by roller-milling, sifting, and air classification.
Linoleic (62.3%) and oleic (19.62%) acids were the major fatty acids
in the oil. The defatted enriched kernel fraction contained 63.41%
crude protein. Globulin, glutelin, albumin, and prolamin accounted for
55.63%, 19.28%, 16.38%, and 8.71% of the soluble proteins,
respectively. At an extraction pH of 9, protein solubility was 62%.
Maximum solubility (70%) was obtained at pH 10 while minimum solubility
of 9% occurred between pH 4 and 5.5. Aside from the oil, the dehulling
of silflower seeds also produced a high-protein defatted meal, which may
be used as is or as a starting material for enriching the protein
further into a protein isolate.
Systematic meta-analysis of subsequent pregnancy outcomes in recurrent pregnancy loss couples with parental abnormal chromosomal karyotype
Authors: Zheng Peng-Sheng , Li Shan , He Jing Jing
Published: October 2021

Background Parental abnormal chromosomal karyotypes are considered as
reasons for recurrent pregnancy loss. Objective This systematic
meta-analysis evaluated the current evidence on pregnancy outcomes
amongst couples with abnormal versus normal chromosomal karyotypes.
Search strategy Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts
identified in EMBASE and PubMed from inception to January 2021.
Selection criteria Studies were included if they provided a description
of pregnancy outcomes of parental chromosomal abnormality. Data
collection and analysis Random effects meta-analysis was used to compare
odds of pregnancy outcomes associated with noncarriers and carriers.
Main results A significantly lower first pregnancy live birth rate
(FPLBR) was found in carriers than in noncarriers with RPL (OR: 0.55;
95% CI: 0.46-0.65; p<0.00001). Regarding FPLBR between
translocation or inversion carriers and noncarriers, a markedly
decreased FPLBR was found in translocation (OR: 0.44; 95% CI:
0.31–0.61; p<0.00001) but not inversion carriers. The
accumulated live birth rate (ALBR) (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.90–1.03;
p=0.26) was similar, while the miscarriage rate (MR) of accumulated
pregnancies (OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.69–2.89; p<0.00001) was
significantly higher in the carriers than in noncarriers with RPL. The
ALBR was not significant (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 0.38–8.71; p=0.45) but the
MR (OR: 5.75; 95% CI: 2.57–12.86; p<0.0001) was markedly
lower for carriers who choose PGD than natural conception. Conclusions
Carriers with RPL had higher risk of miscarriage but obtained a
satisfying pregnancy outcome through multiple attempts. No sufficient
evidence was found PGD could enhance the ALBR but it was an alternative
to decrease the MR.
A minimax approximant in the theory of analytic inequalities
Authors: Malesevic Branko , Mihailovic Bojana
Published: October 2021

The aim of this paper is to examine the families of monotonically stratified functions with respect to one parameter and the connections of such families of functions with certain results stemming from the Theory of Analytic Inequalities. The obtained results are applied to the Cusa-Huygens inequality and some related inequalities.
Mutual fund performance: Some recent evidence from European equity funds
Authors: Bozovic Milos
Published: October 2021

This paper studies the performance of mutual funds that specialise in equity
investment. We use a sample of the top sixteen actively managed European
equity funds operating in the United States between July 1990 and November
2020. Using standard factor models, we show that none of our sample funds
generated a positive and significant alpha. The observed funds could not
outperform a simple passive strategy that involves tradeable European
benchmark portfolios in the longer run. As a rule, the funds in our sample
did not exploit the known asset pricing anomalies.
Las sales termales en el tratamiento de la celulitis grado II en mujeres: una revisión conceptual
Authors: Corredor Ruiz Diana Consuelo , Bustamante Arturo , Acosta Miguel
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo de revisión documental, corresponde a un corte parcial de investigación, donde se aborda la primera fase del proceso metodológico que corresponde a la revisión de la literatura disponible sobre el tema a tratar. En este sentido tiene como Objetivo recopilar información que permita identificar posibles beneficios dérmicos de las sales termales en Celulitis grado II en mujeres. La Metodología desarrollada se centró en la búsqueda bibliográfica de publicaciones relacionadas con el campo de indagación enunciado, para ello se incluyó literatura científica tomada de bases de datos indexadas, no se tuvo en cuenta literatura gris. Posteriormente se plantean unas Conclusiones, de acuerdo a la etapa de desarrollo de esta investigación, a saber: en Colombia, existen alrededor de 300 manantiales termales donde se identifica un uso variado de sus derivados, uno de estos son las sales termales que es el residuo sólido derivado de un proceso de extracción, son pocos los manantiales que tienen el potencial para la extracción de las sales termales. Las sales termales forman parte de la variedad de opciones que existen en el mercado de la industria cosmética mundial como alternativa de salud y belleza. Como parte de la indagación sobre el contenido de la información encontrada se plantean los siguientes Resultados: El magnesio es un regenerador hístico antiséptico interno y externo, y antiinflamatorio, el aluminio puede aportar a la cicatrización y la regeneración de la queratina de la piel, por otro lado el Potasio brinda elasticidad y flexibilidad a los tejidos, además, en concentraciones normales en la célula hace que el nivel defensivo de esta, se eleve y elimine las bacterias patógenas. Otro importante es el Zinc este elemento tiene un papel en la modulación de la inflamación en la piel, el Hierro desempeña un papel importante en los procesos celulares, como la síntesis de ADN, ARN y proteínas; transporte de electrones; respiración celular; proliferación y diferenciación celular; y regulación de la expresión génica, Frente al calcio, los investigadores demostraron que el gradiente de calcio epidérmico en la piel facilita la proliferación de queratinocitos en el estrato basal y permite la diferenciación en el estrato granuloso que se pierde en el proceso de envejecimiento de la piel.
Actitudes y concepciones con respecto a la ciencia en estudiantes de colegios públicos de Bogotá
Authors: Quinche Castaño Carlos Andrés
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo presenta los resultados generales de una investigación sobre las actitudes y concepciones sobre la ciencia en una muestra de 1087 estudiantes de quinto de primaria y undécimo de bachillerato de nueve colegios públicos de Bogotá, realizada mediante la aplicación de un instrumento consistente en cinco preguntas de opción múltiple y la redacción estructurada de una noticia científica en la que los niños y jóvenes participantes hacen uso de sus conocimientos e imaginación para expresar sus ideas con respecto al trabajo científico y a la importancia social de la ciencia. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la mayoría de los estudiantes considera que la ciencia desempeña un papel de gran relevancia tanto en sus vidas cotidianas como en la sociedad en general, pero al mismo tiempo señalan un decrecimiento del interés por los temas relacionados con la ciencia a lo largo de los años de formación escolar. Se espera que los porcentajes obtenidos mediante este ejercicio investigativo contribuyan a la reflexión y la discusión en torno a posibles alternativas para el mejoramiento de la formación escolar en ciencias y para el fomento del pensamiento y la vocación científicos en los alumnos de las instituciones educativas públicas de la ciudad.
Análisis de la normatividad sobre manejo de residuos cortopunzantes generados durante el tratamiento de pacientes ambulatorios
Authors: Novoa Munevar Claudia Yanet , Hernández Potes Pilar
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo tiene como Objetivo presentar los resultados de una revisión de carácter documental sobre el manejo, clasificación y normativa de los residuos cortopunzantes generados por pacientes ambulatorios. Con ello se busca caracterizar la problemática del manejo de dichos residuos, en sus diferentes etapas: a) segregación en la fuente; b) manejo interno a nivel hospitalario; y c) entrega de residuos para su disposición final. Igualmente se toma como referente elementos legales relacionados con la seguridad, salud en el trabajo y conservación del medio ambiente. Para ello se establece como referente la Ruta sanitaria, propia para el manejo de contenedores dentro de las instituciones de salud, y la forma cómo la propuesta de un Contenedor portátil de dichos elementos cortopunzantes se pudiera articular dentro de la Ruta. Metodología: Con la finalidad de analizar la información relacionada con la gestión integral de residuos, se establecieron como criterios de inclusión el uso de artículos publicados en el periodo de tiempo comprendido desde 2009 hasta el 2019, para lo cual se consultaron bases de datos indexadas como BVS, Dialnet, Scielo, Redalyc, PubMed y BioMed Central, y Science direct, Colombia se elige como referencia bibliográfica. Igualmente se consultó legislación nacional sobre le materia en las páginas de Ministerio de protección nacional, Secretaría de salud e INVIMA. En cuanto a los criterios de exclusión se plantearon los siguientes: legislación anterior al año 2008; artículos en inglés y literatura gris. Con lo cual se revisó un total de 23 artículos, 40 leyes y decretos. Se desarrolla en cuatro partes: una primera parte donde se contextualizan el tratamiento de los elementos cortopunzantes en Estados Unidos y Reino Unido; en un segundo momento se tratan los antecedentes legales sobre la disposición de residuos cortopunzantes; en un tercer momento se realiza la identificación del marco legal como base para el desarrollo del prototipo del contenedor portátil; y en un cuarto apartado se identifican los impulsos adelantados dados a partir del cambio climático que se relacionan con la disposición de los residuos cortopunzantes. Como Conclusión se plantea que es necesario utilizar contenedores que cumplan reglamentación vigente, eco amigable, que brinde protección ante su uso, manejo, recolección y almacenamiento correspondiente para los pacientes que están en contacto con este tipo de desechos.
Tekstylia i pieczęcie. O relacjach pomiędzy produkcją włókienniczą a praktykami stemplowania w Grecji epoki brązu oraz o zupełnie nowych danych z odcisków glinianych pieczęci
Authors: Ulanowska Agata
Published: October 2021

This contribution discusses the evidence of textile impressions preserved on the undersides of clay sealings from Bronze Age Greece. A collection of modern casts taken from these sealings, stored in the Corpus der minoischen und mykenischen Siegel in Heidelberg, is currently being analyzed by the author. The assumed reliability of textile impressions as a source of knowledge about the qualities of actual textiles and raw materials used to produce them has been verified by a series of archaeological experiments and comparative analysis of modern raw materials of various origin. Results ofthe analysis of 199 casts from two Aegean sites: Lerna in Argolid and Phaistos on Crete, have provided new evidence for technical uses of textile and organic products in the daily storage routine and sealing practices, as well as for the specific parameters of threads, cords, and fabrics impressed on clay. Due to the relatively large number of textile imprints, it is possible, for the first time, to make site-specific comparisons of textile production on the basis of products and to tracktechnical developments in textile manufacturing throughout the Aegean Bronze Age.
An Improved Modeling of Solid Propellant Fracturing to Produce Long Fractures in Wellbore Formations
Authors: FA Abimbola
Published: October 2021

Simultaneous ignition of an entire exposed surface required for accurate modeling of solid propellant fracturing process is difficult to achieve because wellbore fluids decrease flame spread rate and negatively impact burn propagation, and can extinguish portions of the burning propellant grain thereby resulting in slower pressure loading rates and insufficient energy for producing long fractures. A proposed system is that in which the propellant is protected from wellbore fluids by housing it in a vessel with a means for creating openings to allow combustion gases produced to flow into the wellbore. On this basis, a model was developed using mass and energy conservation laws, and applying a concept of choked flow in the openings to relate conditions in the wellbore to the vessel. The results of the peak pressure and pressure rise time obtained from the model for multiple-fracture regime agree well with the reported experimental results and thus establishing the validity of the model in predicting the wellbore pressure during solid propellant fracturing system. A star-shape burning surface is proposed for the propellant and calculations carried out proves it to be more effective as it provides more energy for producing long fractures essential for more flow of oil and gas from the reservoir into the wellbore than a conventional circular surface of the same burning area. The exterior angle of star-shape burning surface was found to be a function of the number of vertices of the star and it determines the progressive burning nature of the propellant.
Joint Optimization of Condition-based Maintenance and Inventory Ordering Based on Status Monitoring for Multi-unit system
Authors: Deng H. , Shi Q. , Wang Y.
Published: October 2021

In the modern industry, in order to reduce the inventory pressure, a variety of parts began to use unified kind spare parts for maintenance. However, highly integrated equipment is more difficult to use traditional RCM models, and researchers begin to steering based on state monitoring methods. Deepen a prediction of equipment failure. This paper mainly discussed the data-driven analysis method based on the Wiener process to predict the fault law of the same type. The joint model innovatively adopts the (s-1, s) policy considering the industrial characteristic and multi-period resupply. In the end, we analyze (s-1, s) policy in joint optimization by comparison to draw the optimal policy combination.
The relation between social actions and auditory music basket of iranian citizens case study: Tehran and Karaj citizens in 2013
Authors: Balandeh Mahmood
Published: October 2021

This paper aimed at studying the relation between social action indicators and listening to the common genres of music. This quantitative research was conducted based on the field method by designing questionnaire and direct surveys. Statistical samples were randomly selected then chosen and studied in various municipal regions of Tehran and Karaj. Statistical data analysis indicated a significant relation between social actions and behavior of citizens (including driving manner and violations due to lack of consideration for driving regulations, urbanization principles, and urban environmental health) and auditory music basket selection, which includes background music in routine social activities of individuals. According to the statistics obtained from traffic police of Tehran and Karaj there is a significant relationship between drivers’ attention to traffic rules and signs with the played music in the car.
Methods of long-term and short-term adaptation for biometric image of keystroke dynamics
Authors: Pashchenko Dmitry V. , Trokoz Dmitry A. , Martyshkin Alexey I. , Balzannikova Elena A.
Published: October 2021

This article discusses one of the main problems of user identification by keyboard handwriting - short-term changes in the keystroke dynamics of users in connection with its psychophysical state, as well as changes over a long time associated with the formation of keystroke dynamics by a new user or when switching to a new device. A method for determining the phase of working capacity by the time characteristics of the keystroke dynamics is proposed.
Isolation and evaluation of biological properties and differentiation potential of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in covid-19 positive patients
Authors: Babaei Shadi , Mirzaei Maryam , Maleki Narges , Alizadeh Zahra , Yasari Fahimeh , Novin Marefat Ghaffari
Published: October 2021

The present study investigated the biological properties of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their ability to differentiate in patients who have had positive COVID-19 PCR test result during their pregnancies. In this experimental laboratory study, the whole placenta specimens were obtained from 30 positive COVID-19 women undergoing cesarean section, with age 20 to 40 years, and kept under standardized conditions. The mesenchymal cells were isolated by enzymatic method and their morphological characteristics were examined by microscopy and absorption spectroscopy and their biological properties, in particular expression of CD markers, were determined by flow cytometry. Finally, mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in specific media in order to differentiate into osteocyte and adipocyte. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Morphological and physical examinations by microscope and absorption spectroscopy as well as presenting of CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105 markers and lacking CD34 and CD45 markers demonstrated the mesenchymal entity of stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells successfully differentiated into osteocyte and adipocyte.
Translation strategies for tourist advertising sites
Authors: Tukhtabayeva Assel S. , Akhatova Bagila A. , Malikova Raigul S. , Howes Emma M.
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the study of modern strategies for translating tourist-oriented Internet texts. Misuse or omission of expressive means in translated texts may lead to distortion of information and loss of the reader’s interest. Therefore, the aim of the research is to study translation methods and strategies making quality translation of tourist texts possible. The research material comprised tourist texts presented on English-language tourist sites. The following methods were used to reach the objectives:  content analysis; the method of continuous sampling, in which the material necessary for the study was collected; method of linguistic and stylistic text analysis. In the course of the analysis, the authors identified the most frequent methods of broadcasting realia: descriptive translation; tracking; transcription; syntactic assimilation.
Methodical approach to professional training of students of higher educational institutions
Authors: Sybirna Roma , Fursykova Tetiana , Polishchuk Ganna , Balanutsa Oleksandr , Marchuk Alla
Published: October 2021

One of the important problems of training competitive specialists in creative professions is the theoretical substantiation and practical implementation of the idea of integrating science and technology, education and production, searching on this basis for innovative approaches to creative education. Taking this into account, the problem of integrating knowledge in higher education acquires significance and has a number of advantages. The university is faced with the task of providing students with a holistic, scientific, flexible system of knowledge, which is modified depending on the profile and purpose of each type of educational institution. One of the most effective ways to achieve this goal is to integrate the content, forms and methods of teaching into the educational process.
Contratos de participación público privada
Authors: Ferreyra Leandro E.
Published: October 2021

En este trabajo se realiza una descripción del régimen legal de los contratos de participación público privada (PPP). Asimismo, se presentan las características principales de los contratos PPP. Luego se analiza la programación presupuestaria de los proyectos bajo esa modalidad desde 2018 en adelante. También se abordan los problemas que sufrieron las iniciativas desde aquel año por las turbulencias económicas y financieras que atravesó el país, las que, a su vez, se usaron para justificar un nuevo e irregular préstamo con el Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI). Las condiciones del FMI conllevaron recortes en el programa de obras, en particular sobre aquellas a consumarse con contratos PPP. De todas maneras, la fragilidad del plan PPP exhibió otras deficiencias de transparencia y sustentabilidad. Por último, se examinan los pocos contratos PPP que se celebraron para corredores viales y se desarrollan las razones de su final.
Los particulares frente a la inexistente equidad federal
Authors: Castro Agustina
Published: October 2021

Si bien es cierto que con la reforma constitucional de 1994 se buscó fortalecer el federalismo, queda evidenciado que la realidad política no se adecúa –o no quiere adecuarse- al precepto.

En este sentido, y siguiendo esta línea de análisis, se puede mencionar como referencia que la Constitución de 1853, influenciada por ideas alberdianas, fue un gran acierto político pragmático en tanto buscó ser realista respecto a la vida política de la época para así plasmarlo en el texto constitucional. Por el contrario, cabría preguntarse si la lectura política, económica y social realizada en 1994 en el marco de la reforma constitucional, -con el claro objetivo de fortalecer el federalismo- realmente se identifica con los valores que realcen este tiempo y espacio. Desde una perspectiva analítica, tal vez la reforma no fue un proyecto aceptable políticamente en este contexto. Más bien, la reforma significó una observación errónea o equivocada de la realidad en 1994. En otras palabras, la sociedad argentina no estaba lista para afianzar el federalismo.
Numerical Investigation of Detonation Propagation Through Small Orifice Holes
Authors: Vashishtha Ashish , Callaghan Dean , Nolan Cathal , Deiterding Ralf
Published: October 2021

Seeking to better understand the physical phenomena underlying detonation wave propagation through small holes (especially the phenomenon of detonation re-initiation or its failure), we investigated the propagation of a detonation wave along a tube filled with a hydrogen-oxygen mixture diluted with argon, in the presence of obstacles with a small orifice hole. Numerical simulations were performed in a two-dimensional domain using adaptive mesh refinement and by solving compressible Euler equations for multiple thermally perfect species with a reactive source term. A premixed mixture of H2:O2:Ar at a ratio 2:1:7 at 10.0 kPa and 298 K was used in a 90 mm diameter tube with a detonation wave travelling from one end. We found that a single orifice placed at 200 mm from one end of the tube, with varying diameters of 6, 10, 14, 16, 18, 30, and 50 mm, showed an initial decoupling of the detonation wave into a shockwave and flame front. The detonation wave fails to propagate along the tube for orifice diameters less than λ, while it propagates by different re-initiation pathways for orifice diameters greater than λ, where λ is the cell-width for regular detonation propagation.
Numerical Simulation of the Exit Temperature Pattern of an Aircraft Engine Using a Temperature-Dependent Turbulent Schmidt Number
Authors: Kravchenko Igor F. , Kozel Dmytro V. , Yevsieiev Serhii A.
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a numerical simulation for predicting the combustor exit temperature pattern of an aircraft engine, developed using the commercial fluid simulation software Ansys Fluent, which assumes a shape probability density function for the instantaneous chemistry in the conserved scalar combustion model and the standard k-ε model for turbulence. We found the compliance of the radial and circumferential non-uniformities of the exit temperature with the experimental data to be insufficient. To achieve much more accurate result, the mixing intensity was enhanced with respect to the initial calculation due to using the reduced value of the turbulent Schmidt number Sc. Numerical simulation was performed for values of the turbulent Schmidt number from Sc = 0.85 (default) up to Sc = 0.2, with results confirming the reduction of radial and circumferential non-uniformities of exit temperature. However, correlation between radial and circumferential non-uniformities is not admissible for these cases. Therefore, we propose to use a temperature-dependent formulation of the turbulent Schmidt number Sc, accounting for the increase in Sc number with increasing gas temperature. A user defined function (UDF) was used to implement the Sc number temperature dependence in Ansys Fluent. The numerical results for the proposed Schmidt number Sc temperature dependence were found to be in acceptable agreement with the experimental data both for radial and circumferential non-uniformities of the exit temperature pattern.
A Two-Point Approximation Approach to Determining Aircraft Aerodynamic Force Coefficients for a Maximal-Duration Horizontal Flight
Authors: Goncharenko Andriy Viktorovich
Published: October 2021

This paper proposes a two-point approximation approach to determining aircraft aerodynamic force coefficients, and compares it to the traditional methods. A variational concept is used to conduct aircraft flight trials for the maximal duration of quasi-horizontal flights. The advantages of the described optimization theories are demonstrated, in terms of aviation fuel gas savings. The results of a numerical example are presented.
Application of Empirical Bathymetry Method on Sentinel 2A for Measuring Water Depth of Maninjau Lake
Authors: Arifin Wendi , Febriandi Febriandi , Hanif Muhammad , Triyatno Triyatno , Mokhtar Ernieza Suhana , Mutia Eka
Published: October 2021

Lake Maninjau is a lake formed by volcanic activity. Many human activities occur on the catchment area, but also in exploited waters. This study aims to mapping the depth of the waters in the Lake Maninjau and assess the effect of field sample distribution on the quality results of the image transformation. The data used are satellite imagery Sentinel 2A, results of point survey. The analysis technique uses the normalized difference water index algorithm, sun glint, empirical bathymetry method and linear regression. The result of the research which is has found that variations of distribution into the dispersion of the recording process of the depth of the object represented by cell. The depth of the water from the results of this transformation refers to the measurement sample in the field survey. The maximum depth of the waters is in the range of 107m. Shallow waters are predominantly distributed in the northern region which is the out late of Lake Maninjau. The southern area forms a deep basin. The distribution of this sample is in the form of an empirical bathymetry map and the relationship between the results of field measurements and the transformation with a regression value of 0.769, this indicates the consideration of total and distribution of survey sample is influence on quality of the results of the transformation.
Contact-Free Mortuary Trolley Design as a Device for the Mobility of Covid-19 Victims
Authors: Mulia Vania Katherine , Indriana Nanda , Zahro Qurriyatus , Triawan Farid
Published: October 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused many issues, especially in the medical field. One of the groups that are affected by the pandemic the worst is the health workers. The surge of demand for health services, especially for Covid-19 patients, overwhelms health workers, forcing them to work extra hard and eventually experience exhaustion. Due to this condition, the health workers may face difficulties in doing heavy-duty work. This paper proposes a design of a mortuary trolley as a device to ease the health workers in handling the dead bodies of Covid-19 victims. Considering the need for a corpse mobility aid that is contact-free, the design utilizes a combination of a scissor lift structure, a power screw mechanism to elevate and lower the table, and a conveyor system to load and unload the table. To ensure that the device can operate without experiencing unwanted failure, strength analyses are done on the most critical components, such as the scissor arm, pin joint, power screw, and scissor arm connector, to determine the safety factor at maximum load in static and fatigue loading condition. Analysis results show that all those components have a safety factor greater than 1 for both static and fatigue loading conditions, indicating the device will not yield and is predicted to have infinite life. The design and analyses of this device can be a reference for manufacturers of medical devices to design a mortuary trolley to ease the work of health workers.
Cutaneous manifestations and COVID-19 infection in children and teenagers: an integrative review
Authors: Oliveira Alessandra , Pádua Kamilla , Alves Maria Carolina , Cardoso Karine , Oliveira Alexia
Published: October 2021

The study aims to analyse the cutaneous manifestations described in the literature so far, in children and adolescents, related to COVID-19. An integrative review was carried out using the descriptors and combinations in the English language: skin abnormalities, coronavirus infection, child, and adolescent. The inclusion criteria were articles that related skin manifestations in children and adolescents with COVID-19. The analysis and synthesis of the data obtained in a descriptive manner, characterizing the cutaneous manifestations analyzed. The study ended with 5 articles and it was observed that patients in the pediatric age group with COVID-19 may present diverse skin lesions as a single manifestation or accompanied by mild symptoms, and that these may be similar to those of other diseases common in childhood and adolescence.
Consumers Preferences, Subsistence and Real Wage
Authors: Andrews D.
Published: October 2021

In classical political economy, the real wage derives its reality from its association with a given set of products that provides for the subsistence of workers through time. In neoclassical theory the connection between the real wage and a given set of products is broken, because the restriction of workers’ consumption to a particular set of products conflicts with the idea of individual consumer preference. Thus, the ‘reality’ of the real wage in neoclassical theory is grounded differently, in a particular standard of value that can be called an index number standard. The difficulties involved with this construction raise questions about the theoretical adequacy of the notion of real wage itself. In particular, this leads to a conclusion that stands in sharp contrast to the empiricist proclamations of neoclassical theory.
Capital Intensity, Neutral Technological Change, and Earnings Inequality
Authors: Stattinger Michael
Published: October 2021

Using a neoclassical production function with aggregate amounts of labour, skill, and capital, earnings inequality is derived as the product of inequality in skills and inequality multiplier. Evidence from growth accounting supports the capital-intensity hypothesis that capital accumulation increases the inequality multiplier. Neutral technological change then raises the inequality multiplier by inducing capital accumulation. The results provide a theoretical basis for Jan Tinbergen's characterization of the evolution of inequality as a race between technological development and education.
Some Variations on Standard Income Measurement Error Models
Authors: Frandsen Brigham B. , McDonald James B.
Published: October 2021

Measurement error can have a significant impact on measures of inequality. Using a fairly flexible parametric specification of an independent multiplicative measurement error (IMME) model we explore the relationship between changes in the variance of measurement error, for a given mean of measurement error, on the Gini Coefficient. While the measured Gini is greater than the true Gini, the difference decreases as the variance of measurement error decreases. Copulas are used to relax the assumption of independence of measurement error and true income. In this case the measured Gini can be larger or smaller than the true Gini, depending on the correlation between true income and measurement error. Using the same approach with simulations the effect of a different distribution of measurement error is investigated.
Regional Poverty and Its Determinants in Iran
Authors: Shooshtarian Ashan , Bakhshoodeh Mohammad
Published: October 2021

Household data were used in this study to measure regional poverty
and its determinants separately for ten defined zones in rural and urban
areas in Iran in 2005. The non-parametric approach was used to
estimate poverty lines for each zone and the effect of poverty determinants
on poor and non-poor households was studied applying probit
models. The findings indicate that poverty rate, gap, and intensity are
higher in the urban areas. Family size, level of literacy, and asset ownership
are amongst the various determinants of poverty. In general,
the success of antipoverty programs depends highly on recognition of
regional differences.
Crises and the Distribution
Authors: Koulovatianos Christos
Published: October 2021

An economic crisis can be described as a rapid development of events manifested by sudden misallocation of resources. High percentages of bankrupt companies or financial institutions, low investment and unusually high unemployment are some examples of misallocation. In a state of resource misallocation, economic efficiency is compromised. The real economy’s fundamental ingredients, such as productive potential being one, thereby lose connection to economic outcomes. It is reasonable to think that such misallocation can be detected in the income and wealth distribution. This conjecture and approach is a key motivation behind this special volume. At the same time, whether it be a financial crisis (a stock market crash, the bursting of any financial “bubble”), a banking crisis, a currency crisis, or a sovereign default, some signs of misallocation before the crisis may be detectable in the income/wealth distribution through slower processes that have possibly started years before a crisis. This second conjecture is another key motivation behind initiating this special volume.
Power Laws and Skew Distributions: An Application to Performance Royalty Income
Authors: Pitt Ivan L.
Published: October 2021

Royalty income derived from copyrighted song-titles is often highly skewed. This skewness, in which a relatively small number of songwriters earn relatively more royalty income than other members or affiliates in Performing Rights Organizations, is said to follow Zipf's Law or a Pareto distribution.

Skewness in royalty income can be explained, in part, by some successful songwriters having larger catalogs of songs that are performed more frequently by radio stations, television stations, and other public places, such as retail outlets, bars, restaurants and clubs. The skew-t distribution model is generalized with location, skew, scale, and degrees of freedom parameters and is used to analyze royalty income when skewness and heavy-tails (outliers) are present. The multivariate log-skew-t maximum likelihood model presented here provides a better fit over other methods when the normal (Gaussian) assumptions and graphical methods may be inappropriate.
Replacing Income in Retirement for the Newly Retired: A
Distributional Analysis of Gross and Net Replacement Rates
Authors: Bender Keith A.
Published: October 2021

Income replacement after retirement is an increasingly important economic policy
area of social concern. This study examines three different measures of replacement
income, including the effect of taxes on the estimated replacement rates of new
retirees in the Health and Retirement Study. An analysis of replacement rates on average
and in different parts of the distribution shows that married, older, and voluntary
retirees have the highest replacement rates and that income from pensions and Social
Security still form the majority of retirement income replacement.
Immigration and Income Inequality: A Comparative Study of Denmark and Germany, 1984-2003
Authors: Deding Mette , Hussain M Azhar , Jakobsen Vibeke , Brodmann Stefanie
Published: October 2021

During the last two decades most Western countries have experienced increased net immigration as well as increased income inequality. This article analyzes the effects on income inequality of an increased number of immigrants in Denmark and Germany for the 20- year period 1984-2003 and how the impact of the increased number of immigrants differs between the two countries. We find higher inequality for immigrants than natives in Denmark but vice versa for Germany. Over the period 1984-2003, this particular inequality gap has narrowed in both countries. At the same time, the contribution of immigrants to overall inequality has increased, primarily caused by increased between-group inequality. The share of immigrants in the population is more important for the change in overall inequality in Denmark than in Germany, while the opposite is the case for inequality among immigrants.
The Anatomy of Real Money and Real Income Inequality in Spain: 1973-1974 to 1980-1981
Authors: Ruiz-Castello Javier
Published: October 2021

This paper examines how far we can go in establishing normative conclusions with regard to the evolution of inequality over time, making use of statistical methods which do not need either too specific assumptions about individual preferences or their recovery by means of complex and expensive econometric methods. The decomposition of the change in money inequality into a real- and a price effect occupies the center of the analysis. We have used statistical Laspeyres type price indices which are household specific and a parameterization which captures the weight one is prepared to give to household size in the definition of equivalent expenditure per person. The explanatory power of overall inequality provided by different characteristics is studied by means of statistical constructs independent of the equivalence scale used.