bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical models of thermal conductivity in two-phase dispersive media. 1. Theoretical study
Authors:   Institute of Applied Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Boshenyatov Boris V. , Glazunov Anatoliy A. ,   Tomsk State University, Ishchenko Аleksandr N. ,   Tomsk State University, Karnet Yuliya N. ,   Institute of Applied Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

It is traditionally believed that various theories and formulas for averaging (homogenization) the properties of inhomogeneous dispersive media, which do not take into account the distance interaction of dispersed particles, are applicable only at low volume concentrations of particles 0 < f < 0.1. The molecular heat transfer in two-phase dispersive media, both with and without allowance for the interaction of identical spherical particles, is considered in a mathematically rigorous formulation using the method of physical analogy and the concept of the Lorentz local field. It is shown that with an increase in the volume concentration of dispersed particles, the main influence on the effective thermal conductivity coefficient of the medium is exerted by a geometric constraint factor of the carrier phase, which is taken into account by the classical Maxwell’s (Clausius-Mossotti) formula. The analytical dependences of the error in the Maxwell’s formula, due to the neglected interaction of particles, on the concentrationf of the particles and the relative thermal conductivity of phases.
A mathematical model of synthesis of a three-layer (copper–titanium silicide–steel) compound in a combustion mode
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Prokof’ev Vadim G.
Published: December 2024

This work presents a two-dimensional mathematical model of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of a specimen consisting of three layers (copper foil -5Ti + 3Si compacted mixture - steel substrate). A numerical study of the mathematical model is carried out using the finite-difference method. The limiting frontal SHS modes of a three-layer specimen of rectangular cross-section are determined, taking into account the copper layer melting and the thermocapillary wetting of Ti5Si3 synthesis products by the melt with the formation of a composite material during thermal interaction with the steel substrate. The critical minimum thickness of the main internal synthesis layer allowing one to obtain titanium silicides in the frontal combustion mode is calculated. The maximum temperature in the combustion front near the critical conditions is 1652 K. The depth of capillary wetting of the synthesis products with copper melt is in the range of 2-4 mm.
Model of non-stationary combustion of solid energetic materials with accumulation of condensed products on the burning surface
Authors:   Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rashkovskiy Sergey A. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

The unsteady combustion of solid propellants with the formation of condensed products accumulating on the burning surface in the form of a skeleton layer is considered. The model of the process takes into account the thermal inertia of the skeleton layer and the variation in its mass when burning. It is shown that during the unsteady combustion of such propellants, the instantaneous composition of both gaseous and condensed products leaving the burning surface changes and becomes different from that during the stationary combustion; thus, it differs from the initial composition of the propellant. This new effect, which was not previously described in the literature, can lead to additional destabilization of the process in a solid propellant rocket motor combustion chamber and to the development of acoustic instability. Within the framework of the presented model of unsteady combustion, the component of the acoustic conductivity of the solid propellant burning zone associated with the new effect is determined.
Mechanical behavior of aluminum alloy 1520 under tension in the range of strain rates from 10–1 to 103 s–1
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Skripnyak Vladimir A. , Chirkov Maksim O. ,   Tomsk State University, Skripnyak Vladimir V. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

The mechanical behavior of aluminum alloy 1520 is studied in a wide range of strain rates under uniaxial tension and pressing of plates with a hemispherical indenter at velocities up to 10 m/s at room temperature using an Instron VHS 40/50-20 high-velocity servo-hydraulic test machine. The experiments are performed in accordance with the test standards ASTM E 8/E 8M, ISO 26203-2:2011, ASTM E3205, and GOST 10510-80. The obtained results are used to calibrate a constitutive equation and a model of the alloy failure under dynamic loading. The numerical simulation results for uniaxial tension of specimens with constant strain rates and high-speed punching of 1 mm thick plates with a hemispherical punch with a diameter of 20 mm are consistent with the experimental data. Numerical simulations are performed using the LS DYNA solver (ANSYS WB 15.2). To obtain adequate predictions of the mechanical behavior of aluminum-magnesium alloy 1520 using the Johnson-Cook models, it is necessary to use higher plastic strains before failure as compared to the average macroscopic values recorded during tension testing of the alloy. The presented results can be used when performing numerical studies of the mechanical behavior of structural elements and metamaterials made of alloy 1520 under dynamic loading.
How Technology Use Moderates Financial Literacy and Impulsivity Effects on Revisit Intention
Authors: Ahmetoğulları Kayhan , Boz Nurgül
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the relationship between financial literacy, impulsivity and intention to revisit among foreign tourists visiting Antalya, Türkiye. It also examines the moderating role of technology use in this relationship. A face-to-face survey was conducted using the languages commonly used by tourists visiting Türkiye (English, Russian, German and Polish). The data were evaluated by correlation, confirmatory factor, structural equation, moderator, mediated, and moderator of mediator analyses using SPSS and AMOS programs. The results showed that the financial literacy model included financial knowledge, financial attitude, and financial behaviour and confirmed the relationship between impulsivity and intention to revisit. According to the direct results obtained from the structural equation model, while financial knowledge has a positive effect on impulsivity, the impact of financial attitude is negative. Financial behaviour increased both impulsivity and intention to revisit. Regarding the indirect (mediated) effects, financial knowledge and financial behaviour had a significant positive effect on revisit intention via impulsivity, while financial attitude had a significant negative impact on revisit intention via impulsivity. The results showed that technology use significantly moderates the relationship between financial literacy and intention to revisit. Additionally, technology use moderates the relationship between financial literacy and impulsivity. Furthermore, technology use significantly moderates the relationship between impulsivity and intention to revisit significantly. Finally, technology use did not moderate the mediating effect of impulsivity in the relationship between financial literacy and revisit intention.
The Role of International Variables in Predicting Gold Prices: Analysis with Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Duman Sonay , Turnacıgil Seda , Arık Ecem , Aktaş Mehmet Ali
Published: December 2024

This study predicted gold prices using the S&P 500, crude oil prices, dollar index and volatility index variables and various machine learning methods. Research results show that gold prices are predicted successfully with existing methods. According to analysis, the most successful gold price forecasters are the WTI, VIX, S&P 500 and US dollar indexes. The machine learning method that best predicts gold prices is the random forest method, with an R-square of 0.96 and a MAPE value of 3.5%. This study is expected to contribute to the literature in measuring the success of machine learning algorithms in price prediction and the predictability of gold prices within the framework of the efficient markets hypothesis.
The Relationship Between Renewable Energy, Economic Growth and Trade Openness: New Evidence for EU Countries
Authors: Ümit Asiye Öznur , Dağdemir Anıl
Published: December 2024

Using panel data analysis, the study analysed the relationship between renewable energy consumption, economic growth, and trade openness for the 27 European Union (EU) member states with the highest energy imports from 1990-2021. The country-specific causality test results showed a unidirectional causality from renewable energy consumption to economic growth in Belgium, Finland, and Italy. However, in Croatia, Greece, Ireland, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Romania, a unidirectional causality was found from economic growth to renewable energy consumption. A bidirectional causality between renewable energy consumption and economic growth was identified in Germany. The causality test results also indicated a unidirectional causality from renewable energy consumption to trade openness across the panel.
Tecnologias digitais em empresas construtoras
Authors: Sampaio Girlândia de Morais , Amorim Emanoel Silva de , Lordsleem Júnior Alberto Casado
Published: December 2024

Industry 4.0's main function is to provide savings, agility and competitive advantage, through innovative solutions, when its concepts and principles are applied to the construction sector, it is referred to as "Construction 4.0”. The digital technologies that constitute construction 4.0 can be introduced in all areas of the construction industry with the global objective of increasing productivity and, at the same time, simplifying work and reducing errors. In this sense, the present work aimed to identify the main challenges and actions necessary for implementation of digital technologies by construction companies in the context of the changes that guide technological advances in digital transformation. To this end, the methodology adopted included literature research, which sought to embroider important concepts, characteristics and classifications on the principles of industry 4.0 and the use of digital technologies in construction companies, followed by case studies carried out in construction companies in the city from Recife-PE involved in actions aimed at digital transformation. The results present the main digital technologies used in construction companies as well as the sectors suitable for their respective implementations. Furthermore, it was concluded that the adoption of digital technologies is crucial for digital transformation in construction companies; however, the costs associated with the development and adoption of new digital technologies, as well as customer conservatism, represent the biggest barriers to implementation in construction companies. The main contribution is the presentation of guidelines for implementing digital technologies in construction companies.
APRENDIZAGEM DE MÁQUINA APLICADA À ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA
Authors: Brustolin Nilton Renê Alberto , Lessa Cleber Rodrigo de Lima
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o uso de técnicas de aprendizagem de máquina (ML) aplicadas à Engenharia de Materiais. A crescente complexidade dos desafios enfrentados nesta área tem impulsionado o uso de ferramentas avançadas de ML para analisar grandes volumes de dados experimentais e simulados, que seriam inviáveis de processar manualmente. As principais técnicas discutidas incluem redes neurais artificiais, Random Forests, Support Vector Machines (SVM) e Deep Learning. Essas metodologias têm sido amplamente aplicadas em tarefas como a previsão de propriedades de materiais, otimização de processos de fabricação e design de novos materiais. A revisão abrange artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2023, explorando as principais subáreas da Engenharia de Materiais nas quais as técnicas de ML são mais utilizadas, incluindo materiais metálicos, nanomateriais, compósitos, cerâmicos e polímeros. O artigo também discute os principais desafios enfrentados pelos pesquisadores, como a qualidade e a disponibilidade dos dados de entrada, a necessidade de bases de dados padronizadas e robustas, além da importância de uma colaboração interdisciplinar mais próxima entre engenheiros de materiais e cientistas da computação para o desenvolvimento e aplicação eficaz dessas tecnologias.
Noise Analysis For Active Element Based Capacitor Multipliers
Authors: Sakaci Burak , Özenli Deniz
Published: December 2024

In this study, comprehensive noise analyses and optimization of two different capacitance multiplier structures have been presented. Capacitor multipliers, essential in low frequency applications due to capacitors’ significant chip area requirement, play a significant role in high precision analog circuits. Noise impacts such filters by reducing the signal to noise ratio (SNR), increasing phase noise, and potentially causing distortion, which is critical in applications requiring high accuracy and stability, such as biomedical instrumentation, communication systems, and precision measurement devices. Therefore, thorough analysis and optimization of filter noise characteristics are essential for reliable operation in sensitive applications. Two capacitor multiplier structures are analyzed: the Multiple Output Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (MO-VDTA) based and the Multiple Output Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (MO-CDTA) based structures. The multiplication factor of the capacitor multiplier in basis of MO-VDTA varies between 120 and 750, depending on the IB value.
This variation allows the cutoff frequency of the applied fi lter to change between 2 kH z and 12.4 kHz. The MO-CDTA based structure’s multiplication factor varies between 400 and 1250 by changing the VGS voltage of the external PMOS. This structure has been used in a 2nd order low pass filter, with the cutoff frequency varying between 23.6 kHz and 91 kHz in conjunction with multiplication factor changing. In this respect, comprehensive noise analyses of the filter applications of these two structures have been examined to ensure reliable and efficient operation in sensitive applications.
smash tests in finnish men´´´ s padel: rank 1-5 vs rank 10-25
Authors: Conde-Ripoll Rafael , Martín-Miguel Iván , Escudero-Tena Adrián , Bustamante Sánchez Álvaro
Published: December 2024

This study examines physical and technical characteristics in high-level men’s padel from Finland. 10 top-25 male athletes who were divided into two groups (top-5: n = 4, 30.8 (±4.3) years old, 184.5 (±5.9) centimeters tall, laterality: three right-handed and one left-handed; and ranking between 10 and 25: n = 6, 28.8 (±4.4) years old, 185.7 (±5.1) centimeters tall, laterality: 6 right-handed) took part in the study. The following tests were carried out: countermovement jump, medicine ball overhead throw, medicine ball shotput, powerful smash and smash over the fence. Results showed that there were significant differences in the overhead medicine ball throw test (p = .031) between the two groups. In conclusion, this study highlights that technical and physical characteristics slightly differ between the best players in Finland (top 5) and those ranked between 10 and 25.
PULMONER EMBOLİDE MODERN YAKLAŞIMLAR ve KLİNİK UYGULAMALAR
Authors: Gezgin Tahsin
Published: December 2024

Pulmoner emboli (PE), venöz tromboembolizmin en ciddi klinik sunumlarından biri olup, yüksek morbidite ve mortalite riski taşır. PE'nin hızlı ve doğru tanısı, uygun risk değerlendirmesi ve bireyselleştirilmiş tedavi yaklaşımları, hasta sonuçlarını önemli ölçüde iyileştirebilir. Tanı sürecinde klinik skorlamalar (Wells ve Geneva), D-dimer testi, bilgisayarlı tomografi pulmoner anjiyografi (CTPA) ve biyobelirteçlerin kullanımı ön plana çıkmaktadır. Tedavide, hemodinamik stabiliteye bağlı olarak antikoagülanlar, trombolitik tedavi, kateter yönlendirmeli reperfüzyon yöntemleri ve cerrahi embolektomi gibi seçenekler değerlendirilir. Yeni oral antikoagülanlar (YOAK'lar), özellikle stabil PE hastalarında kullanım kolaylığı ve etkinlik açısından avantaj sağlar.

Uzun dönem yönetimde, antikoagülan tedavinin süresi, hastanın tekrarlama riskine göre belirlenir. Kronik tromboembolik pulmoner hipertansiyon (KTEPH) gibi komplikasyonların önlenmesi için düzenli takip kritik öneme sahiptir. Ayrıca, destek tedavileri, solunum desteği, sıvı yönetimi ve inotropik ajanlar gibi yaklaşımlar, özellikle yüksek riskli hastalarda hayati bir rol oynar. Yenilikçi tedavi yöntemleri arasında, trombüs hedefli nanopartikül tabanlı sistemler, PE tedavisinde daha güvenli ve etkin seçenekler sunma potansiyeline sahiptir.

Bu derlemede, pulmoner embolinin tanı, risk değerlendirmesi, güncel tedavi stratejileri ve yenilikçi yaklaşımları kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır.
Gen Z’s Ethical Approaches in Crisis Communication on Social Media: Evidence of Indonesia
Authors:   Petra Christian University, Indonesia, Indrayani Inri Inggrit
Published: December 2024

Digitalization implies accelerating the spread of information, including the information in crisis communication. Crisis information in social media is crucial in the formation of knowledge and change of attitude, particularly for Generation Z, characterized as digital natives and representing the future public face of organizations. This study aims to investigate the ethical perspectives of Generation Z in Indonesia on crisis information on social media. The creation of information as a form of crisis communication was a crucial activity because the image and reputation of the organization were at stake at the time. The method used in this study is a case study that allows researchers to gather varied data. The study uses a qualitative approach by using a collective interview with 15 students in the Z-gen age range. All informants in the study are students with public relations interference in different academic years. The findings indicate that objectivity is a key ethical consideration for Gen Z in shaping information during crisis communication. Additionally, Gen Z empathizes with the public’s demand for transparent and accurate information as a manifestation of an organization’s commitment during crisis periods. Furthermore, Gen Z emphasizes the necessity for regularly updated information throughout all crisis phases, viewing it as a demonstration of good governance and organizational transparency. In conclusion, the research offers recommendations underscoring the importance of constructing pertinent information across all media channels managed by organizations, aligning with the communication style, and characteristics of each stakeholder.
Keywords: Gen Z, crisis communication, ethical approaches, social media, Indonesia.
Capacidade para o trabalho de pessoas com doença falciforme: protocolo de revisão de escopo
Authors: Ribeiro Sânzia Bezerra , Almeida Eliana do Sacramento de , Lacerda Flávia Karine Leal , Sousa Anderson Reis de , Carvalho Evanilda Souza de Santana , Ferreira Sílvia Lúcia
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Mapear as evidências sobre a capacidade para o trabalho de pessoas com doença falciforme, de acordo com as diretrizes do manual do JBI. As fontes de busca serão: Physiotherapy Evidence Database (Pedro), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) via PubMed, Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), SCOPUS, Web of Science, EMBASE, BVS-Psi, Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Google Scholar como literatura cinzenta. Serão considerados estudos publicados que atendam aos critérios de inclusão, sem restrição de idioma e tempo. As publicações serão selecionadas por dois revisores independentes e, se necessário, um terceiro revisor participará em caso de discordâncias. Os dados serão extraídos utilizando um instrumento elaborado pelos revisores, e os resultados serão apresentados e descritos por meio de quadros, fluxogramas, gráficos e síntese narrativa e interpretativa.
Global Governance of Health and Sovereignty: An Agenda for Reforms
Authors: Mayank V. , Saxena N.
Published: December 2024

The world has been plagued by pandemics earlier leading to the evolution of several mechanisms and institutional structures for controlling the spread of pandemics. Creation of the World Health Organization was a development emerging from the efforts to control the spread of diseases and it was charged with the mandate of governance of health at a global level. The spread of Covid-19, however, shows that the present structure of the governance of global health is ill-suited to the task. The paper discusses the present architecture of the global he alth governance. It discusses the impact of the concept of Westphalian sovereignty on this global health architecture and advances the suggestion that the global health governance architecture should be based on the principle of the duty to cooperate rather than atte mpts to modify the Westphalian sovereignty that forms the basis of international relations with the opt-out mode of ratification of treaties.
Modeling the working process of a gas-diesel engine running on ammonia with the addition of hydrogen
Authors: Galyshev Yuriy V. , Xinyao Luo , Abyzov Oleg V. , Zaitsev Alexey B.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Ammonia, as a carbon-free fuel, has attracted much attention from researchers in many countries and is considered as one of the promising alternative fuels that ensures reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Despite the fact that the properties of ammonia have been widely studied, the practical application of this type of fuel remains difficult. Additional research is needed to overcome problems, including low combustion rate, high emissions of nitrogen oxides and unburned ammonia. To stimulate the combustion process in the cylinder, it is possible to use hydrogen additive as a combustion activator of the ammonia-air mixture. This paper is aimed at a computational study of the effect of replacing diesel fuel with ammonia on the characteristics and harmful emissions of an in-ternal combustion engine.
OBJECTIVE: Computational study of the working process and harmful emissions from exhaust gases of an automotive and tractor gas-diesel engine when operating on ammonia with the addition of hydrogen.
METHODS: The object of the study was the modern YaMZ-53415 automotive and tractor diesel engine. The calculations were carried out for the nominal operating mode of the engine. For three-dimensional modeling of the working process of a gas-diesel engine running on ammonia with the addition of hydrogen, the Ansys Forte software package was used, which was developed based on modern theoretical concepts of the physics of three-dimensional gas and liquid flows, fuel spray dynamics and combustion processes.
RESULTS: Calculation of the working process of a gas-diesel engine running on ammonia with various ignition doses of diesel fuel showed that when the dose of diesel fuel is reduced from 100% to 5%, the engine power and efficiency are maintained, the maximum pressure in the cylinder is reduced by 26%, nitrogen oxide emissions and the amount of unburned ammonia increase. Calculation of the working process of a gas-diesel engine running on ammonia with hydrogen additive helped to determine the minimum hydrogen additive that ensures complete combustion of ammonia.
CONCLUSIONS: Running a gas-diesel engine on ammonia results in a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, more than an order of magnitude, i.e. ammonia can become an alternative to hydrocarbon fuel to achieve carbon neutrality.
The use of a small hydrogen additive — 0.4% helps to significantly increase the combustion rate of the ammonia-air mixture and ensures almost complete combustion of ammonia.
Nitrogen oxide emissions when replacing diesel fuel with ammonia increase more than twice. To reduce them, it is necessary to use known methods — exhaust gas recirculation, a SCR-neutralizer.
Pertumbuhan Bibit Jamur Merang (Volvariealla volvaceae) pada Beberapa Bahan Media Pembibitan
Authors: Hafsah Siti , Hidayat Taufan , Dinisyam Amie
Published: December 2024

Straw mushrooms (Volvariella volvaceae) are a type of mushroom that has received a lot of public attention because of its high nutritional content and promising potential for growth and development. Straw mushrooms are a vegetable commodity that has significant commercial value and promising potential. Grains serve as an optimal substrate for the proliferation of mycelium in F1 fungal seeds. Grain media is useful for cultivating F1 seeds because it is able to provide the necessary nutrients, especially carbohydrates, for the formation of fungal mycelium. This research took place at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, starting from October 2022 to January 2023. This research implemented a completely randomized design (CRD) with a non-factorial pattern with a factor pattern for the type of seeding media consisting of 6 levels, namely corn seeds. (M1), green bean seeds (M2), red bean seeds (M3), rice grains (M4), sorghum seeds (M5), and soybean seeds (M6), each treatment level was repeated 3 times, which obtained 18 experimental unit. The observed metrics included the average horizontal and vertical growth of mycelium at 7 and 14 days after inoculation (HSI), the average speed of mycelium development in both horizontal and vertical directions, the average initial growth of mycelium, and the average growth rate of mycelium. The research findings indicate that various types of seeding media have a substantial impact on the average vertical growth of mycelium at 7 and 14 days after inoculation (HSI), as well as the average speed of vertical mycelium growth. These factors also have a significant effect on the average growth of initial mycelium and the average rate of mycelium growth. However, they do not have a notable influence on the variables of average horizontal mycelium growth at 7 and 14 days after inoculation (HSI) or the average speed of horizontal mycelium growth.
“O que em mim pensa, está sentindo”: considerações sobre a hermenêutica de Eduardo Lourenço
Authors: Finazzi-Agrò Ettore
Published: December 2024

In Eduardo Lourenco’s immense essayistic production, my text looks for the places where the desire to lucidly analyze the errors and flaws of national history is combined with the passionate dedication to his role as interpreter of the most heterodox and, at the same time, most striking figures of the Portuguese cultural panorama. Because it’s in this swing between rejection and acceptance of “Portugal as destiny”, it’s in this incessant movement between reason and passion, it’s in this continuous alternance between estrangement and entrancement that it’s possible to assess the profound and dissonant dialectic governing his hermeneutic commitment and allowing him to inhabit the distance that separates and unites him, without remedy, to his land of origin.
Practice of cough etiquette and quality of life among MDR-TB patients at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sangolli Basavaraj , SA Meghana , Banu Saniya , BM Rashmi , Hatti Shubham S
Published: December 2024

Tuberculosis is a highly contagious disease. When a patient with pulmonary TB coughs/sneezes without appropriate cough etiquette, it may spread to others. Also cough due to TB has significantly impaired quality of life of patient.

To find the cough hygiene practices and assess quality of life among multi drug resistant tuberculosis patients.

It was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted at DR-TB centre of Basaveshwara medical college and hospital over a period of six months. All the active MDR-TB cases either attending or admitted at the DR-TB centre were personally interviewed by giving preformed questionnaire to assess the knowledge and practice of respiratory hygiene and Leicester cough questionnaire and Cough specific quality of life questionnaire were given to assess the quality of life.

Total of 50 patients were included in our study out of which 28 were males and 22 were females. Majority (64%) were unaware of mode of transmission of TB. 90% were unaware of hygienic sputum disposal. Knowledge and practice of cough etiquette was poor. Our study also showed that total LCQ scores were lower in females as compared to males (10.1±2.8 versus 12.3±2.2). Total CQLQ scores were higher in females as compared to males (78.3±10 versus 69.6±4.9). Both indicating worse QOL in female patients.

Majority were unaware of proper knowledge and practice of cough hygiene. Most of the females reported worse QOL. There should be proper interaction between DOTS providers and patient’s, they should educate patients about cough etiquette and its importance. NTEP should also focus on improving QOL of patients.
The hydrogen injection strategy's influence on the performance and emissions (exhaust, vibration, and noise) of a dual-fuel engine
Authors: Gültekin Nurullah
Published: December 2024

The new trend in the search for alternative fuels for compression ignition engines is the hydrogen-diesel dual fuel (HDDF) mode. In order for dual fuel mode to provide maximum benefit in compression ignition engines, ECU-controlled fuel systems should be used, and their settings should be optimized. In this study, the effects of hydrogen energy ratio and hydrogen injection timing on engine performance, exhaust, noise, and mechanical vibration emissions in an ECU-controlled HDDF system compression ignition engine were investigated. The experiments were carried out at constant speed (1850 rpm), constant load (5 Nm), different hydrogen ratios (11, 14, 17, 20%), and different hydrogen injection timings (20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 °CA aTDC). The specific energy consumption decreased by 8.4%, NOx emissions decreased by 68.4%, and mechanical vibrations increased by 16.6% at a 14% hydrogen energy ratio and a 30°CA aTDC hydrogen injection timing. The main objective of the study is to determine the optimum hydrogen energy ratio and hydrogen injection timing in a compression ignition engine using HDDF.
Glossing Psalmody in Late Medieval Devotion: The Influence of Psalter Glosses on a Late Medieval Prayer to the Five Wounds
Authors: Lindstedt Samira
Published: December 2024

Although the Latin Psalms prominently feature in the private prayers of late medieval devotional books, they remain little explored in comparison to their vernacular and liturgical equivalents. A common type of prayer found in such books, in which individual Latin Psalms are offered for devotional use framed by vernacular rubrics, suggests that there were conventional interpretations of individual Psalms that influenced their compilers’ selection of the Psalms and their audiences’ interpretative responses to them. In analyzing an example of such a prayer, an unprinted devotion to the Five Wounds of Christ, in the light of Psalter glosses, we can explore this understudied dimension of medieval engagements with the Psalter.
Perspectives et limites de la terminologie onomasiologique sur le plan comparé slovaque-français
Authors: Vojtek Daniel
Published: December 2024

À lʼheure de lʼémergence des premières étapes dʼune comparaison onomasiologique interlinguale (COI) du slovaque et du français la nécessité dʼune terminologie représente lʼessentiel de la méthodologie appropriée. La présente étude propose une tentative dʼappliquer le noyau terminologique et conceptuel de lʼonomasiologie slovaque aux analyses onomasiologiques comparatives des deux langues. Il sʼavère quʼune part grande des concepts sont susceptibles dʼun transfert direct. Néanmoins, pour toute analyse pratique, il est à distinguer les éléments propres à lʼapproche onomasiologique unilingue et ceux qui émergent de la COI. Lʼobjectif primordial de la présente étude est de définir et développer les discordances formelles qui sont dʼune part limitées par les traditions lexicologiques des deux langues et dʼautre part problématisées sur un plan comparé depuis un certain temps déjà. Au centre dʼintérêt se trouvent la terminologie onomasiologique inextricablement liée à la théorie de la motivation lexicale.
Los límites de la lengua y los límites de la historia en los inicios de la lingüística hispanoamericana
Authors: Ennis Juan Antonio
Published: December 2024

La historia de la lingüística y la filología en Hispanoamérica se verifica, desde los primeros ensayos de prestigio en la materia, como una historia jalonada durante mucho tiempo por una serie de esfuerzos individuales carentes de la fortaleza y continuidad institucional necesaria hasta avanzado el siglo XX para pensar en el desarrollo de un campo de los estudios lingüísticos propiamente dicho. En este trabajo, se propone una revisión de una de esas instancias de comienzos, a partir de la lectura de aquellos trabajos con los que dos pioneros fundamentales en la materia –Rodolfo Lenz y Federico Hanssen– iniciaron su labor científica en el Chile de finales del siglo XIX, y su relación con los desarrollos posteriores, a partir de la aparición de la escuela de Madrid. La hipótesis de trabajo que quisiéramos ensayar en este caso, es que esta trayectoria de la investigación lingüística sobre el español americano puede ser leída muchas veces como un tratado (y trazado) de límites para la lengua en la historia. Estos límites conciernen tanto al lugar del español entre las lenguas románicas, a la unidad histórica y futuro posible de la lengua española en América, como a su permeabilidad frente al contacto.
A Contemporary View on the Immanent and Economic Aspects of Selected Trinitarian Terminology of the Creed
Authors: Wołowski Lech
Published: December 2024

The article examines the immanent and economic aspects of selected Trinitarian terminology of the Creed. The analysis is focused on six expressions arranged in three groups. The first concerns the omnipotence of God the Father, the “almighty” (παντοκράτωρ) “creator” (ποιητής). The second regards the incarnation of the Son of God “the only begotten” (μονογενής), who “took flesh” (σαρκωθέντα) and “was made man” (ἐνανθρωπήσαντα). The third considers the action of the Holy Spirit “the giver of live” (ζωοποιός). The novelty of this approach consists in re-reading of the ancient conciliar texts in the context of the overall development of Christian reflection with a special emphasis on contemporary dogmatic thought (mainly of H. de Lubac and H. U. von Balthasar). The main results include: a clear distinction between immanent almightiness and economic creative omnipotence of God the Father (section 1), a deeper understanding of the correspondence between Christological and Mariological aspects of the mystery of incarnation (section 2) and a new perspective on immanent dimension of the characteristics of the Holy Spirit as the giver of life (section 3).
The Spirit and Holy Spirit in The Quran and its Exegeses
Authors: Makdod Mohammad
Published: December 2024

The term ‘Holy Spirit’ is referenced four times in the Quran, with three instances directly related to Jesus Christ, while the broader term ‘spirit’ or “the spirit” (al-Rūḥ) appears eighteen times, some of which pertain to Mary, the mother of Jesus. This study explores the concepts of the Spirit and Holy Spirit as they are presented in the Quran, as well as their interpretations in classical Islamic exegesis. The research begins by analyzing the Quranic verses where the “Holy Spirit” is associated with Jesus Christ and his mother, providing a detailed examination of these occurrences and their contextual significance. Subsequently, the study delves into the instances of the “Holy Spirit” in other contexts, offering a comparative analysis of the term’s usage across different passages. Following the discussion on the “Holy Spirit,” the study shifts focus to the discussion of “the spirit” (al-Rūḥ) and “a spirit” (Rūḥ) in the Quran. Adopting the same methodological approach, it first addresses the verses connected to Jesus and Mary, before exploring the diverse contexts in which the spirit is mentioned. In each case, the relevant Quranic interpretations are discussed, drawing from key Quranic commentaries (tafsīr). The study relies on a combination of classical exegetical methods, incorporating both narration-based exegesis (tafsīr bi-l-ma'thūr), such as the works of al-Ṭabarī and al-Baghawī, and reasoning-based exegesis (tafsīr bi-l-ra'y), as exemplified by the works of Imām Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī. Additionally, it evaluates the authenticity and sources of the exegetes’ interpretations, scrutinizing their reliance on prophetic traditions (hadith), the explanations of the Prophet’s companions, and even biblical sources. By presenting and comparing a range of Quranic interpretations, this study aims to highlight the diversity of thought surrounding the concepts of the ‘Spirit’ and ‘Holy Spirit’ within Islamic tradition. It provides a valuable resource for those seeking to understand how these notions are interpreted and debated within Islam and offers a platform for comparison with the corresponding concepts in Christianity and Judaism, thereby contributing to broader interfaith theological dialogues.
Anthropocentrism in Christian eco-theology: origin and debate
Authors: Maulana Abdullah Muslich Rizal , Alfionita Linda , Yahya Yuangga Kurnia , Untung Syamsul Hadi
Published: December 2024

This article explores the origins of anthropocentrism in Christian eco-theology, a concept mainly introduced by Lynn White (1907-1987). It also examines the subsequent debates, especially from the perspective of theocentrism, which opposes the Anthropocentric model. Content analysis is used to understand the language and social functions of anthropocentrism and Christian eco-theology in academic literature while also examining the key arguments related to the topic. Meanwhile, discourse analysis is employed to reinforce the findings. The study concludes that Lynn White’s work, The Historical Roots, initiated further contemporary debate on Christian eco-theology. As experts claimed, the error committed by White may have caused tremendous damage to the Christian tradition. However, it also enriched subsequent inquiries into the development of Christian eco-theology. Moreover, the anthropocentric framework in Christian eco-theology was also partly a result of misinterpreting Genesis 1:27, which is closely related to the various interpretations of Imago Dei (image of God). Theocentrism, as such, possibly occupies a central position in present-day apologetics regarding eco-theology in Christianity, providing further opportunities for discussion in defending Christ's relevance to the recent environmental crisis.
spatial and demographic analysis of cycling safety perceptions: A case study in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
Authors: Haffner Matthew , Walker Nathan , Grunzke Savanna , St. Ores Matthew
Published: December 2024

Bike-friendly cities offer scores of benefits to both individuals and society, but a lack of safety is a major barrier to ridership. Significant research has been devoted to studying demographic drivers of ridership and what makes individuals feel unsafe on a bicycle, but there is lack of research utilizing quantitative approaches on spatial perceptions of safety, particularly with respect to gender. This paper seeks to close that gap using a crowd sourcing approach to spatial data collection, statistical comparisons of cycling behavior by gender, and spatial analyses of mapped points. The authors find parity between women and men in terms of number of trips taken per week but find significant differences in the spatial extent of mapped responses. This paper adds to academic discussions on cycling safety and sheds light on specific locations that could benefit from infrastructure improvements.
Stress-induced amenorrhea – possibilities for non-hormonal correction
Authors: Tatarchuk T.F. , Kosei N.V. , Yakimets V.M. , Plaksiieva K.D. , Regeda S.I. , Pylypenko A.Y.
Published: December 2024

Background. Menstrual cycle disorders associated with stress, particularly functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, are a common condition among women of reproductive age in the context of martial law. Stress-induced amenorrhea not only causes reduced fertility and quality of life for women but also poses a future risk due to related general health disorders among the female population of Ukraine. There are reports in the literature about the effectiveness of etiological treatment for these disorders in the form of psychological counseling with additional supplementation, which prompted us to explore the possibilities of non-hormonal correction of stress-induced amenorrhea. Objective of the study: to optimize the treatment of stress-induced amenorrhea by non-hormonal medication therapy combined with phytotherapy alongside psychological counseling.Materials and methods. A total of 106 women of reproductive age with stress-induced amenorrhea were examined, receiving psychological counseling and medication therapy. The patients were randomized into three groups: 34 patients received Vitex agnus castus extract BNO 1095, 35 women were prescribed a preparation containing magnesium citrate and vitamin B6, and 37 participants received a combination of both treatments for six months.Results. After six months menstrual cycles were restored in 22 (64.71%) women who received Vitex agnus castus, in 19 (55.88%) patients who received magnesium citrate, and in 29 (78.4%) patients who received combined treatment. This was accompanied by the normalization of gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland, steroidogenic function of the ovaries, and endometrial thickness. Conclusions. Stabilization of the mental state and reduction of anxiety levels are key etiological interventions and essential conditions for restoring menstrual cycle regularity in patients with stress-induced amenorrhea. The mild dopaminergic support in the form of standardized Vitex agnus castus extract BNO 1095 (Cyclodynon) helps to restore hormonal balance and the menstrual cycle in women with stress-induced amenorrhea, especially when combined with magnesium supplements and psychological counseling. The obtained data allow to recommend this treatment regimen as first-line therapy for women with stress-induced amenorrhea to preserve and restore reproductive function that is especially relevant in the conditions of the military conflict in Ukraine.
Quality of women’s life in perimenopause – possibilities of non-hormonal correction
Authors: Tatarchuk T.F. , Regeda S.I. , Kosei N.V. , Zakharenko N.F. , Krysenko T.Е.
Published: December 2024

Objective of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of antistress therapy and sleep quality improvement on the course of climacteric syndrome (CS) and quality of life of perimenopausal women.Materials and methods: The study included 90 women aged 42–55 with moderate CS. Group I consisted of 30 women receiving Metida (elemental magnesium 300 mg, vitamin B6 30 mg), Group II included 30 women treated with Melani (two-stage release melatonin 2,95 mg), and Group III received combined therapy with both drugs. Patients underwent testing using the Spielberg-Hanin scale and PSM-25 scale before treatment, after 1 and 3 months of therapy, and SF-36, MRS, PSQI, ESS scales at baseline and after 3 months of therapy. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin levels were assessed at the study’s start, with FSH measured again after 3 months. Results. Magnesium effectively reduced situational and trait anxiety in women with CS after 3 months of therapy; however, a similar effect was achieved within 1 month when it was combined with melatonin. The combined administration of magnesium and melatonin significantly reduced psychological stress levels from high to moderate according to PSM-25 scale (107.5 ± 8.6 compared to 167 ± 9.6; p < 0.05). Combined therapy also substantially improved the quality of life, particularly in psychological well-being and overall health perception according to SF-36 questionnaire. Symptoms of CS, as assessed by the MRS scale, significantly decreased within 1 month of melatonin monotherapy for psychological symptoms, with somatovegetative symptoms improving by 3 months. Combined therapy improved both symptom components within 1 month, but the difference was likely to be significant at 3 months compared to the 1-month examination (2.1 ± 0.34 and 2.6 ± 0.22 compared to 4.4 ± 0.42 and 3.7 ± 0.49, respectively; p < 0.05). Combined therapy with magnesium and melatonin significantly lowered FSH levels after 3 months (31.6 ± 6.3 vs. 44.1 ± 7.1; p < 0.05). Enhanced sleep quality, depth, and duration were noted within 3 months of combined therapy without causing daytime sleepiness.Conclusions. The two-stage release melatonin reduces CS symptoms by improving sleep quality, lowering psychomotional symptoms, and reducing psychological stress. Combined therapy with magnesium and melatonin positively affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, significantly alleviating psychomotional symptoms of CS and adjusting the somatovegetative component by enhancing sleep quality and depth, reducing psychological stress, and improving overall health perception.
Modern view on the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia in women of late reproductive age
Authors: Kravchenko O.V.
Published: December 2024

Objective of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of progestagen treatment of endometrial hyperplasia (EG) in women of late reproductive age.Materials and methods. 48 patients aged 37–45 with EG were under observation. The EG diagnosis in patients was verified by histological examination. The treatment effectiveness was evaluated based on the results of clinical-instrumental and morphological examination after 6 months of treatment and every 3 months in the dynamics of observation. All patients with EG received dienogest (Vigest-KV) 2 mg once a day continuously for 6 months.Results. 60.4% (29) of women had abnormal uterine bleeding at the time of examination. 39.5% (19) of patients had no pronounced clinical symptoms. Evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed therapy after 6 months of treatment showed that the endometrium thickness was 7.8 ± 0.36 mm on average, which is significantly lower than it was before treatment – 23.0 ± 2.8 mm (p ≤ 0.05). This indicator was practically at the same level after 9 months – 9.4 ± 0.48 mm (p ≥ 0.05). Pipelle biopsy showed that 42 patients (87.5%) experienced regression of the hyperplastic endometrium, and the ratio of stromal and glandular components in histological preparations also normalized. Persistence of the disease was noted in 12.5% (6) of women according to the morphological examination after treatment, EG without atypia was found. In 14.9% (5) of these 42 patients with a regression of the disease were a relapse of the disease according to a pipelle biopsy after 3 months, – EG without atypia was detected. Conclusions. The effectiveness of the proposed therapy in patients with EG in late reproductive age after 6 months was 87.5%, the progression of the disease was not noted, and the relapse rate after 9 months of observation was 11.9%.Thus, dienogest therapy in a continuous long-term regimen in women with EG in late reproductive age showed high clinical and morphological effectiveness due to the powerful antiproliferative effect of the drug.