bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Cost Efficiency on Performance of Nigerian Listed Deposit Money Banks
Authors:   University of the West of England, ALABI Adeyemi Wasiu
Published: January 2021

Cost efficiency is very important in this new age since profitability continue to shrink and new business is becoming almost impossible. Therefore, this study is to examine impact of cost efficiency on financial performance of Nigeria deposit money banks. The specific objectives of the study were to; (i) test the effects of efficiency in Fueling and maintenance costs on the performance of Nigerian deposit money banks; (ii) to examine the impact of efficiency in General Administrative expenses on the Performance of Nigerian deposit money banks. Secondary data were collected from annual financial statements of the selected banks. Fixed-effect and random-effect regression analysis method were used to analyze the data from a sample of 13 listed Nigerian deposit money banks covering period of 2010 to 2019. The results showed that cost efficiency have significant impact on financial performance of Nigerian deposit money banks. Implying that bank managements tend to increase profitability by increasing power-running cost efficiency, and by reducing general administrative cost efficiency. The study recommends that; Bank management need to tap into alternative source of energy and holistic approach to monitor wastages and theft of fuel to reduce power running cost for performance increasement. The board of directors should ensure that good business administration is their focus, by employing efficient control on administrative expenses to improve bank performance.
Influence of Car, Ldr, Npl and Bopo on Roa on Commercial Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2016
Authors:   The STIAMI Institute of Social Sciences and Management, . Pandoyo
Published: January 2021

This study aims to test how much influence Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Operational Revenue Expense (BOPO) to ROA; how much influence the CAR, LDR, NPL and BOPO simultaneously against ROA at commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2010-2016. The data used is secondary data in the form of financial ratios with the amount of 140 observations. Sampling is done by purposive sampling with the number of 20 banks, namely the largest commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in terms of assets position of December 2016. Statistical test of SPSS which is used to test classical assumptions and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that CAR had no effect on ROA with a value of 0.2%. LDR has no effect on ROA with a value of 1.4%. NPL has a negative and significant effect on ROA with a value of 25.7%. BOPO has a negative and significant effect on ROA with a value of 77.2%. Simultaneously CAR, LDR, NPL, and BOPO have a significant influence on ROA at commercial banks listed on the Stock Exchange in 2010-2016. The prediction ability of these four variables on ROA is 81.60%, while the rest is influenced by other factors outside the research model.
Interaction between the Financial Market and Economic Policies: An Approach Based on the Crisis Caused by the COVID-19 in Brazil
Authors:   University of São Paulo, Brazil, Nasar Leonardo Maso
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 has social and economic impacts, especially in emerging countries like Brazil. The Brazilian’s context was different from the rest of the world, because while the other countries have to manage social and economic crises, Brazil also had to manage a political crisis caused by the president Jair Bolsonaro. The study aimed to analyze the importance of the fiscal, monetary and foreign exchange policies adopted by the Brazilian government and its effect on the stock exchange. To analyze the impacts of the COVID-19 in Brazilian economy, a time series analyses was conducted with the Vector Autoregressive Model. The variables analyzed by the study were: government spending, basic interest rate, Ibo Vespa index and exchange rate. The result highlights the relevance of expansive fiscal policy as a positive driver for investment intentions in the financial market. Although this behavior is not easy to understand, an example that can support this result is the indirect purchase of government bonds through the Central Bank.
Impacts of Covid-19 Outbreak in Mental Health of Physicians and Nurses
Authors:   Univercity of Saopaulo, Brazil, Nassar Leonardo Maso
Published: January 2021

COVID-19 was a disease emerged in China and quickly became a pandemic. The pandemic has put health professionals under strong pressure. This situation can cause perpetual damage to mental health. Objective: the objective of the study was to conduct a scooping review to investigate the studies already produced on COVID-19's mental impacts on physicians and nurses. Methodology: the mnemonic population, concept and context of the Joanna Briggs Institute was used for a scooping review. Results: two studies carried out in China and three letters to the editors were found addressing mental problems in physicians and nurses. Conclusion: despite being a recent disease, COVID-19 already demonstrates impacts on the mental health of physicians and nurses. Although the articles were made in China, reports from other countries suggest that physicians and nurses around the world are mentally impacted by work during the pandemic, with relates of suicides ideation and suicide cases among nurses in Italy, in England, in USA, in Mexico and in India.
قضاعة و خِنْدِف في الشعر الجاهلي
Authors: Abdulhabeeb Fatamiah Abdullah Mohammed , Shoban Mohamed Abubkr Mohsen
Published: January 2021

قضاعة و خندف من القبائل العربية المهمة التي عرفت منذ العصور الموغلة في التاريخ حتى يومنا هذا وقد أرتأينا أن نجمعهما في بحثنا هذا؛ لئن الأولى عدنانية والثانية قحطانية، ولم تكن بينهما صلات ودّ وتقارب وألفة في مختلف العصور، إفضلاً عن أن عوامل التقارب بين القحطانين والعدنانيين أكثر من عوامل التباعد، لأنهما تجمعان كبيران، ينتميان إلى العروبة من دون شك. وتأسيسا على هذا أرتأينا من بحثنا هذا أن يسلط الضوء على هاتين القبيلتين العربيتين في الشعر الجاهلي ليبين مدى تعلق الشاعر بأصالته وانتمائه ودفاعه المستميت عن تراثه الفكري وعاداته الاجتماعية ،فضلاً عن المكانة والرفعة العلية والفاعلية الإيجابية للقبيلتين وتوظيف الشعراء لهما فخرا ومدحاً وكرما وحباً ونسباً إلى ما هنا لك.فبحثنا ركز على هاتين القبيلتين وأثرهما في الشعر الجاهلي من حيث تلك المقومات المستمدة إلى الموروث الإيجابي عند العرب في العصر الجاهلي أو ما يمكن أن نسميه عصر ما قبل الإسلام.
Cabaran dalam Pelaporan Berita Tsunami: Satu Kajian Terhadap Wartawan Malaysia dan Indonesia
Authors: Mustafa Siti Nur Ain , Mohamad Saleh Mohamad Saifudin , Azmawati Azman Azwan
Published: January 2021

Bencana tsunami ini sememangnya memberikan kesan terhadap kesejahteraan ekonomi dan sosial negara. Di antara negara-negara Asia Tenggara, Indonesia dikenal pasti sebagai salah sebuah negara yang sering menghadapi bencana tsunami. Malaysia yang kedudukannya berhampiran dengan Indonesia turut menerima kesan daripada bencana tsunami yang terjadi di negara berkenaan. Kejadian bencana tsunami yang sememangnya serius ini telah mendapat pelaporan yang meluas oleh media tempatan dan antarabangsa. Bencana tsunami yang lazimnya berlaku secara tiba-tiba dan sukar untuk dijangka ini telah menyebabkan pelaporannya berbeza dengan isu-isu lain seperti jenayah, hiburan dan sebagainya. Malah, kajian-kajian lalu turut mendapati bahawa media menghadapi pelbagai cabaran dalam melaporkan berita bencana seperti tsunami yang jelas memerlukan persediaan yang rapi bagi menghasilkan penulisan yang berkualiti dan beretika. Sungguhpun kejadian tsunami adalah serius, kajian-kajian lalu terhadap pelaporan media khususnya dalam aspek cabaran wartawan dalam melaporkan isu ini adalah amat terhad. Justeru, kajian ini dijalankan dengan matlamat untuk memenuhi kelompongan kajian lepas dan seterusnya menyumbang kepada korpus penyelidikan bidang Komunikasi Bencana di Malaysia dan Indonesia. Penyelidikan ini memberikan tumpuan terhadap cabaran-cabaran yang dihadapi oleh para wartawan kedua-dua negara dalam melaporkan berita tsunami. Temu bual secara mendalam telah dilakukan bersama lapan orang wartawan dari The Star Online, Malaysia dan The Jakarta Post, Indonesia. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa bilangan wartawan pakar isu terhad, pengetahuan terhad wartawan tentang bencana tsunami, kurang persediaan oleh bilik berita, pemotretan visual ketika bencana dan penentuan landskap berita oleh editor adalah cabaran-cabaran utama yang dihadapi oleh wartawan-wartawan di Malaysia dan Indonesia dalam melaporkan isu tsunami.
Komitmen Organisasi Sekolah dan Hubungannya dengan Kualiti Pengajaran Guru Bahasa Melayu Tahap Satu di Luar Bandar Sabah
Authors: Satangah@Salim Latipah@Latifah Binti , Abdullah Mohd Khairuddin
Published: January 2021

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap komitmen organisasi sekolah dan hubungannya dengan kualiti pengajaran guru dalam kalangan guru Bahasa Melayu tahap satu luar bandar. Pendekatan kuantitatif kaedah tinjauan menggunakan instrumen (soal selidik) bagi mengutip data ke atas 217 sampel dengan teknik persampelan kelompok dan rawak mudah. Instrumen terdiri daripada Organizational Commitment Measure (OCM) dan Kualiti Pengajaran Guru (PABest). Statistik deskriptif iaitu (min dan sisihan piawai) serta inferensi digunakan untuk menjawab persoalan kajian. Dapatan menunjukkan tahap Komitmen Organisasi Sekolah pada aras yang tinggi iaitu mencatatkan nilai skor min dan sisihan piawai 3.88 (sp= .28), dan Kualiti Pengajaran Guru turut memperoleh aras tinggi iaitu 4.15 (sp= .32). Hasil dapatan juga menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan pada aras yang kuat antara komitmen (r =.613**, p=0.00) dengan kualiti pengajaran guru. Justeru itu, kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa aspek komitmen organisasi sekolah guru merupakan salah satu indikator penting dalam memacu keberkesanan penyampaian ilmu pengetahuan seterusnya menyumbang terhadap kualiti pengajaran guru. Oleh itu, kajian ini mencadangkan agar komitmen organisasi sekolah dipertingkatkan dan dijadikan antara aspek keutamaan selari dengan aspek kualiti dalam perancangan pendidikan di negara ini bagi memastikan pencapaian membanggakan bukan sahaja dalam bidang akademik bahkan sahsiah secara menyeluruh.
Pengaruh Pembangunan Penerapan Nilai dalam Pendidikan Abad Ke 21 Terhadap Pembentukan Sahsiah Murid Sekolah Kurang Murid (SKM) Luar Bandar di Sabah
Authors: Ag Kiflee@Dzulkifli Dg Norizah , Talip Roslee , Choon Keong Tan , Bikar Singh Soon Singh , Bih Ni Lee , Talin Rosy , Madjapuni Mad Noor
Published: January 2021

Kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengkaji pengaruh pembangunan penerapan nilai dalam pendidikan abad ke-21 terhadap pembentukan sahsiah murid Sekolah Kurang Murid (SKM) luar bandar di Sabah. Selain itu, kajian ini mengkaji perbezaan skor min pembangunan penerapan nilai dalam pendidikan abad ke-21 dan pembentukan sahsiah murid Sekolah Kurang Murid (SKM) luar bandar di Sabah. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk bukan eksperimen dan kaedah kuantitatif. Seramai 209 orang guru SKM telah dipilih untuk dijadikan sampel dalam kajian ini. Sampel ini ditentukan dengan menggunakan kaedah pensamplean rawak mudah. Instrumen soal selidik pula telah digunakan untuk memperoleh maklumat daripada sampel kajian. Data mentah yang diperoleh daripada sampel kajian dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) dengan menggunakan analisis statistik inferensi yang melibatkan analisis Regresi Linear. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh signifikan yang positif dan kuat antara pembangunan penerapan nilai dalam pendidikan abad ke-21 terhadap pembentukan sahsiah murid Sekolah Kurang Murid (SKM) luar bandar di Sabah (Beta=0.88, t=27.65).  Hasil kajian ini diharap dapat memberikan input bermanfaat kepada pelbagai pihak khususnya Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia dalam usaha meningkatkan kemampuan sekolah untuk melahirkan murid yang bersahsiah dan mampu memberi sumbangan kepada pembangunan negara.
¿Debo tratar un síndrome coronario crónico de alto riesgo invasivamente desde el inicio? No, en la mayoría de casos
Authors: Carrasco Rueda José María , Rodríguez Olivares René Ricardo , Murillo Pérez Luis , Muñoz Moreno Juan Manuel , Alayo-Lizana Carlos
Published: January 2021

La definición de síndrome coronario crónico de alto riesgo varía según la prueba no invasiva empleada para evidenciar isquemia, lo que se consigue a través de un aumento del trabajo miocárdico y la demanda de oxígeno, generados con el uso de fármacos o el ejercicio. El abordaje inicial nos sumerge en la discusión de contextualizar en qué casos priorizar la terapia médica óptima inicial, frente al manejo invasivo inicial con el objetivo de lograr la revascularización miocárdica. Este aspecto central será desarrollado en esta revisión, tomando en cuenta diversos estudios realizados hasta la fecha, en los que el manejo invasivo inicial no ha demostrado ser superior a la terapia médica óptima inicial en resultados clínicos relevantes como muerte o eventos adversos cardiovasculares mayores.
Identification of Moisture Content in Cotton Bale by Microwave Imaging
Authors: Saywan Ashish V. , Deshpande A. P. , Dandi Malu , Damle Sonali
Published: January 2021

Understanding of cotton quality is important in order to properly identify the moisture content .Measurement of moisture is difficult particularly at harvest and through the gin, because of the influence these processes have different fibre quality. Dry cotton can be harvested cleanly and efficiently but may suffer undue damage in the gin. On the other hand harvesting and ginning wet cotton leads to significant issues in processing and quality. A number of methods are used to measure moisture in seed cotton, lint and fuzzy seed, each has its varying advantages. A moisture variation of the bales that is not monitored from the outside of the bale. This research examines a new microwave imaging technique to view the internal moisture variations of cotton bale. Tests on the developed imaging sensor showed the ability to resolve small structures of parameters, against a low standard background, that were less than 1 cm in width. The accuracy of the sensing structure was also shown to provide the ability to accurately determine parameter standards. A preliminary test of the imaging capabilities on a wet commercial bale showed the technique was able to accurately image and determines the location of the wet layer within the bale.
APPLICATION OF HYBRID PSOGA FOR OPTIMAL LOCATION OF SVC TO IMPROVE VOLTAGE STABILITY OF POWER SYSTEM
Authors: KALAIVANI R. , KAMARAJ V.
Published: January 2021

Due to huge increase in power demand, modern power system networks are being operated under highly stressed conditions. This has resulted into the difficulty in meeting reactive power requirement and maintaining the bus voltage within acceptable limits. Voltage instability in the system occurs in the form of a progressive decay in voltage magnitude at some of the buses. The problems of voltage instability and voltage collapse are the major concerns in the operation of power system. It is very important to do the power system analysis with respect to voltage stability. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device in a power system improves the stability, enhances the voltage stability margin and reduces the power losses. Identification of location of FACTS device in the power system is very important task. Research is carried out to investigate application of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and hybrid PSOGA to find optimal location and rated value of SVC device to minimize the voltage stability index, total power loss, load voltage deviation, cost of generation and cost of FACTS device to improve voltage stability in the power system. Optimal location and rated value of SVC device have been found for different loading scenario using PSO, GA and PSOGA. It is observed from the results that the voltages stability margin is improved, voltage profile of the power system is increased, load voltage deviation is reduced and real power losses also reduced by optimally locating SVC device in the power system. The proposed algorithm is verified with IEEE 14 bus and 30 bus power systems.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CARRIER OVERLAPPING PWM STRATEGIES FOR THREE PHASE FIVE LEVEL DIODE CLAMPED AND CASCADED INVERTERS
Authors: RAO S. NAGARAJA , KUMAR A. SURESH , NAVATHA K.
Published: January 2021

This paper proposes three Carrier Overlapping PWM (COPWM) methods that utilize the (CFD) control freedom degree of vertical offsets among carriers. They are: COPWM-A, COPWM-B, COPWM-C these three methods are simulated . This paper presents a comparative study of diode clamped and cascaded three phase five-level inverters based on sinusoidal PWM& modified space vector PWM control techniques. Performance analysis is based on the results of simulation study conducted on the operation of the multilevel inverters using MATLAB/ SIMULINK. For comparison purposes, non-overlapping phase disposition PWM (PD PWM) using SPWM and modified space vector PWM is also presented. The performance parameters chosen the work included fundamental output voltage and total harmonic distortion. . A hardware set up was developed for a single-phase 5-level cascaded inverter topology using constant pulses.
ADAPTIVE NOISE SUPPRESSION IN VOICE COMMUNICATION USING ASSNFIS SYSTEM
Authors: KUMAR ANKUR , CHOUDHARY GK , SINHA AMRITA
Published: January 2021

The paper proposed the adaptive noise suppression technique for suppression of noise in voice communication. There are different techniques earlier used for adaptive filteration like least mean square, kalman’s filter etc.In the paper we used “fuzzy logic” technique for adaptive filteration. We know about the theory of adptive filteration of noise and application of fuzzy logic. We are using the fuzzy logic functions anfis and genfis1 by matlab for simulation. Anfis is the adaptive neuro-fuzzy training of sugeno-type fuzzy inference systems. In this paper we uses anfis system to suppress different types of noise from voice signal.
0.5-7.5 GHZ LOW-POWER, INDUCTORLESS CURRENT FOLDED MIXER IN 0.18-μM CMOS FOR BROADBAND APPLICATIONS
Authors: FASHTALI ZAHRA GHANE , MAGHSOODI MAHROKH , ATANI REZA EBRAHIMI , MAHDAVI MEHRGAN
Published: January 2021

A fully differential low-power down-conversion mixer using a TSMC 0.18-μm CMOS process is presented in this paper. The proposed mixer is based on a folded double-balanced Gilbert cell topology that enhances conversion gain and reduces power dissipation. Though, this mixer is designed for 5.8 GHz ISM band applications, but at 0.5-7.5 GHz, the proposed mixer exhibits a maximum conversion gain of 12dB, maximum IIP3 of -2.5 dBm, maximum input 1-dB compression point of -13 dBm, the minimum DSB noise figure of 9.2 dB and a dc power consumption of 2.52 mW at 1.8 V power supply. Also, this circuit architecture increases port-to-port isolations to above 140 dB. Moreover this mixer is suitable for broadband applications.
Some Target Coverage Issues of Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Khuntia Purnima , Pattnaik Prasant Kumar
Published: January 2021

Wireless Sensor Network is an emerging field that is achieving much importance due to its immense contribution in varieties of target specific applications. One of the active issues is Target Coverage that deals with the coverage of a specific set of targets. Static sensor nodes are being deployed in a random manner to monitor the required targets and collect as much information as possible. In this Paper we have presented an overview of WSN and some of the strategies of the Target Coverage Problem.
Reduced Order Model of Position Control System
Authors: Hote Yogesh V. , Jha A. N. , Gupta J. R. P.
Published: January 2021

In this paper, simple approach is proposed to determine reduced order model of a unstable open-loop position control system. This approach is based on Krishnamurthy’s approach on Routh criterion on reduced order modelling. The results are simulated in Matlab environment.
A VLSI Approach for Cache Compression in Microprocessor
Authors: N Sharada Guptha M , Pradeep H. S. , Kurian M Z
Published: January 2021

Speed is one of the important issues that generally customers consider for selecting any electronic component in the market. Speed of a microprocessor based system mainly depends on the speed of the microprocessor which in turn depends on the memory access time. Accessing on chip memory takes more time than accessing off-chip memory. Because of these, designers of memory system may find cache compression as an advantageous method to increase speed of a microprocessor based system, as it increases cache capacity and off-chip bandwidth. The However, most past work, and all work on cache compression, has made unsubstantiated assumptions about the performance, power consumption, and area overheads of the proposed compression algorithms and hardware. It is not possible to determine whether compression at levels of the memory hierarchy closest to the processor is beneficial without understanding its costs. Proposed hardware compression algorithms fall into the dictionary-based category, which depend on building a dictionary and using its entries to encode repeated data values. Proposed algorithm has number of novel features like including combining pairs of compressed lines into one cache line and allowing parallel compression of multiple words while using a single dictionary and without degradation in compression ratio.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ENERGY, UTILIZATION AND EMISSION
Authors: Pramanik Rudra Nanda , Sahoo Prafulla Kumar
Published: January 2021

Natural or artificial energy is the first essential component for development. That is why man always tries his best for the utilization of all possible sources of energy for the fulfillment of his every day needs. Due to this reason today we are getting the most new and advanced sources of energy which compensate certain amount of energy problems due to the limitations of organic fuel sources. This project is aimed to see the different sources of energy, then for requirement how it is utilized by different conversion methods and during conversion unwanted thing comes in the form of waste and emission which is most challenging to the present society. We look in this project how; we can make a balance cycle by regeneration of waste and pollution because this is practical example of the beautiful earth. In this report we analyze the total fuel energy basically (coal) utilized in India to meet the required demand and thus amount of emission generate by the combustion of coal in different power plants. Then in the next part how the emissive gases and waste can be controlled and re-utilized for various industrial or other applications. Due to which there may be the maximum utilization of waste and emission control can possible. After various analysis and calculation it is found that the use of natural gas for power plants and for other industrial application is more beneficial over the coal and diesel which generates 10 to 15% less emission by consuming half of fuel rate.
A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal of the Quality of Studies Looking into the Economic Evaluation of Control Strategies for Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis and Schistosomiasis
Authors: Garcia, Jr. Fernando B. , Halton-Balcon Kate , Graves Nicholas , Leonardo Lydia R. , Soares Magalhaes Ricardo J. , Clements Archie , Yakob Laith
Published: January 2021

Objectives. This research study aims to conduct a systematic review and critical appraisal of the quality of the existing peer-reviewed journal literature looking into the economic evaluation of control strategies used in parasitic diseases (i.e., STH and schistosomiasis).

Methods. Database searches were conducted in Embase, Science Direct, Medline, CINAHL, Econ Lit, and Academic Search Elite, by using search keywords or phrases. Using the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, a review of published online articles between January 1990 and December 2012 was conducted. Aside from the set of good practice guidelines in conducting economic evaluations, assessment of the quality of economic evaluations was also carried out following the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) checklist.

Results. Given the inclusion and exclusion criteria set by this review, we systematically reviewed thirteen shortlisted samples of economic analysis studies. The current systematic review shows a wide variety of methodological approaches across studies, including differences in the type of economic evaluation, perspective, time horizon, approach, and adjustments for timing and certainty used.

Conclusions. In general, the economic evaluation studies that have been examined in this review have complied with the set of criteria of good practice in conducting an economic evaluation and that it can be considered helpful in making decisions and in understanding the economics of controlling these parasitic diseases.
Azathiopine for the Treatment of Extensive Forms of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cua Val Constantine S. , Villena Juan Paolo David S. , Lizarondo Felix Paolo J. , Silva Claudine Yap-
Published: January 2021

Background. Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune hair disorder, with the clinical variants ophiasis and extensive variants AA totalis and universalis, having poor response to therapy. Oral steroids are used to treat the severe variants, requiring prolonged therapy, which leads to side effects while discontinuation leads to high relapse rate. Azathioprine is a steroid-sparing agent for the severe AA forms.

Objective. To review the current evidence on the therapeutic efficacy and adverse effects of azathioprine for severe forms of alopecia areataMethods. Published articles utilizing azathioprine for alopecia areata were obtained until July 2018 from PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, TRIP database, HERDIN, and Google Scholar.

Results. Seven articles underwent a full-length review. Clinical variants include patchy, diffuse, steroid-resistant, reticulate, totalis, universalis, ophiasis, and sisaipho. Doses ranged from 2 to 2.5 mg/kg/day or weekly 5 mg/kg pulse therapy. Initial response ranged from 6 to 12 weeks, with almost complete resolution by 32 weeks. Response was sustained for 6 months upon discontinuation, with only 14% relapsing at 2.5 months. Adverse effects were gastrointestinal discomfort, elevated liver function tests, and myelosuppression.

Conclusion. There is emerging evidence on the efficacy and safety of azathioprine for the treatment of extensive forms of alopecia areata. Randomized-controlled trials are needed to evaluate its efficacy.
A Case of Cutaneous Tuberculosis Presenting with Generalized Xanthogranulomas
Authors: Caro-Chang Leah Antoinette M. , Cubillan Eileen Liesl A.
Published: January 2021

A 33-year-old male had a 22-year history of generalized xanthogranulomas but had a normal lipid profile. He also developed ulcerating plaques on his arm and back that were consistent with cutaneous tuberculosis on histopathologic and polymerase chain reaction PCR studies. In a normolipemic patient with generalized xanthogranulomas, a reactive granulomatous response of histiocytes to infection is explored since these share a common CD 14+ precursor with the macrophages that are vital in tuberculosis.
Intralesional Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine for Cutaneous Warts: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Nacianceno Patricia A. , Camaclang Marie Len A. , Roa Francisca DC.
Published: January 2021

Background. Warts, caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), are mucocutaneous proliferations controlled by cell-mediated immunity. Intralesional immunotherapy with measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, is postulated to induce a higher immune response for clearance of lesions.

Objective. To assess the efficacy, safety and effect on recurrence of intralesional MMR vaccine for the treatment of warts.

Methods. We searched online databases for randomized controlled trials on intralesional MMR vaccine for warts. Effects measured were the complete clearance of target and distant warts, adverse events noted and recurrence after treatment duration.

Results. Four RCTs comparing intralesional MMR vaccine and placebo were assessed. Meta-analysis showed a risk ratio of 0.24 [95% CI: 0.18, 0.34] favoring intralesional MMR vaccine and a highly significant difference in completely clearing target warts (P-value <0.00001) versus placebo. Three of the 4 trials assessed response of distant warts showing a risk ratio of 0.28 [95% CI: 0.08, 0.96] and a significant difference (P=0.04) versus placebo. Pain and flu-like symptoms were the most common side effects with no recurrence seen after 3-6 months.

Conclusions. Intralesional MMR vaccine significantly reduces and clears target and distant warts as compared to placebo. It is a generally safe intervention with lasting effect assessed up to 6 months follow-up.
Clinically Amyopathic Dermatomyositis Associated with a Metastatic Undifferentiated Carcinoma in an Adult Filipino Male: A Case Report
Authors: Lizarondo Felix Paolo J. , Cubillan Eileen Liesl A.
Published: January 2021

A 40-year old Filipino male was managed as a case of clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) after presenting only with pruritic photodistributed symmetric erythematous-violaceous patches, nail fold telangiectasia and the pathognomonic Gottron papules. There was no clinical evidence of muscle involvement. The patient shortly presented with a metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma on the cervical lymph nodes. This case demonstrates that dermatomyositis can present uncommonly as CADM with associated metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma.
A Case of Mucocutaneous Colloid Milium in an Adult Filipino Female with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Abalos-Babaran Shahara , Cubillan Eileen Liesl A.
Published: January 2021

A 65-year-old female with chronic kidney disease (CKD) presented with a six-month history of asymptomatic translucent skin-colored and yellow plaques on the face. Similar yellow papules and nodules were noted in the oral cavity and eyelid margins. Biopsies were taken from the face and oral cavity showed homogeneous eosinophilic deposits with clefts in the dermis consistent with colloid milium. The patient was treated with fractional and surgical carbon dioxide (CO2) laser with improvement after one session.
A Case of Adult Filipino Male Presenting with Co-localized Psoriasis and Segmental Vitiligo
Authors: Abalos-Babaran Shahara , Frez Ma. Lorna F.
Published: January 2021

A 29-year-old male presented with a four-year history of recurrent generalized pruritic erythematous scaly annular plaques followed by a solitary depigmented patch on the right hemiabdomen extending to the back with abrupt midline demarcation. Skin biopsies confirmed the rare case of co-existing and colocalized psoriasis and segmental vitiligo. Treatment with topical steroids, tacrolimus, and narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy resulted to the improvement of the psoriatic lesions but no change in the depigmented patch.
Angular Cheilitis in Elderly Patient with Diabetes Mellitus and Decrease of Vertical Dimensions
Authors: Rahmi  , Argadianti Ayu Fresno , Radithia Desiana , Soebadi Bagus
Published: January 2021

Our patient is a 61-year-old, male, heavy smoker, and diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) who sought medical intervention due to complaints of painful lesions on the left and right corners of the mouth. The patient lost a lot of teeth, only two remained intact and has never used dentures. We present a case of angular cheilitis in an elderly patient with DM and a decrease of vertical dimensions. Clinical management includes anamnesis, clinical examination, treatment and elimination of predisposing factors through integrated multidisciplinary treatment.
Efficiency of Interproximal Reduction Technique for Correction of Anterior Crowding without Extraction: A Case Report
Authors: Sesaria Ike , Narmada Ida Bagus
Published: January 2021

Crowding is one of the most common findings in orthodontic patients. This case report describes the correction of anterior crowding with interproximal reduction (IPR). The case is that of a 24-year-old female patient who consulted for irregularly placed anterior teeth. Fixed appliances were placed followed by IPR. Treatment time was 18 months. Class I molar relation was maintained, with normal overjet and overbite. IPR is effective for treatment of patients with Class I malocclusion with anterior moderate crowding.
Endodontic Retreatment Using Reciprocal File System in Underfilled Root Canal: A Case Report
Authors: Salicha Ramadhani Putri , Ismiyatin Kun
Published: January 2021

Underfills in endodontic treatment increases failure rates by 14%. A 23-year-old female patient came with chief complaint of slight pain on #35. The periapical radiograph showed underfilled root canal and periodontal ligament space widening. The root canal filling was removed with reciprocal file system. Follow-up visit showed no recurrence pain and the tooth function was fully restored using a fiber-reinforced post and an all-ceramic crown.
DIFICULDADES DE COMPREENSÃO LEITORA NOS VERBETES REFERENTES AO LÉXICO DO TURISMO NOS DICIONÁRIOS SEÑAS E CLAVE
Authors: Moreira Glauber Lima
Published: January 2021

El diccionario está vinculado a la enseñanza y aprendizaje de lenguas en todos los niveles. Es una herramienta que busca registrar la historia, las costumbres y la cultura de una sociedad. En este sentido, analizamos cinco voces del ámbito del turismo en dos diccionarios de español muy utilizados en Brasil, Señas y Clave, en cuanto al tratamiento de las definiciones, a fin de reflexionar si son o no comprensibles para el usuario brasileño. Los resultados muestran que estas últimas ofrecen más información lingüística que enciclopédica y, de hecho, suponemos que la definición enciclopédica y/o cultural proporcionaría la información necesaria para que dicho consultante codifique y descodifique eficazmente la información contemplada en el repertorio.
SOBRE A CONFIANÇA EM TOTALSCHADEN, DE QUE DU LUU
Authors: MATHIAS Dionei
Published: January 2021

O romance Totalschaden ('Perda total') escrito por Que Du Luu foi publicado em 2006. Já no ano seguinte, a autora de origem chinesa que escreve em língua alemã recebe o prêmio Adelbert-von-Chamisso, um importante reconhecimento concedido a autores que transitam entre diferentes culturas. Este artigo pretende analisar o romance mencionado, tendo como foco a questão da confiança.Nisso serão analisados três relacionamentos importantes: (1) o papel da figura materna para a construção de confiança, (2) a configuração de relacionamentos de amizade entre pares e, por fim, (3) o começo de um relacionamento amoroso. Nos três casos, a confiança se revela como narrativa que exige um investimento substancial de energia, a fim de obter êxito e permitir interações satisfatórias.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: SCHRÖDER Luciane Thomé
Published: January 2021

Prezadas Leitoras, Prezados Leitores, saudações!Em tempos de mudanças políticas que afetam os diferentes setores da sociedade - para o bem e para o mal -, as questões que atravessam a educação sempre se constituem em pauta para reflexão. Assim, pela Revista Trama se constituir, também, a partir do diálogo interdisciplinar (o que significa a abordagem de temas para além dos estudos que envolvem as áreas da Literatura e da Linguística), abrigamos neste volume os estudos de pesquisadores que percorrem o tema que organiza a edição, Educação e Políticas públicas em Debate. [...]Agradecemos, de forma especial, aos autores e autoras que confiaram à Revista Trama a circulação do seu trabalho; ao Prof. Osnir Pereira Barbosa, docente do curso de graduação em Letras da Unioeste, câmpus de Marechal Cândido Rondon, que atuou como Editor Científico de Número da presente edição; e, por fim, aos docentes que colaboraram na avaliação dos artigos.Desejamos a todos uma ótima leitura.Profa. Luciane Thomé Schröder - Editora Científica Geral
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity Screening of StemExtracts of Tinospora cordifolia
Authors: Niki Nautiyal Pooja Bhat
Published: January 2021

Abstract-Tinosporacordifoliaisapopularmedicinal plant which is used in several traditional medicines to cure various diseases. The common names are Amrita and Guduchi, belonging to the family of Menispermaceae. The aim of the study was to study the stem extract of traditional medicinal plant, T. cordifolia for qualitative estimation of phytoconsituents and subsequently to determine its antibacterialactivityagainsttwotestmicroorganisms Escherichia coliand Pseudomonas aeruginosato authenticate its use in traditional medicines. Stems were air-dried and coarsely powdered samples were subjectedto Soxhlet extractionusingdiversesolvents(Hexane,chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol and water). Freshly prepared extracts were exposed to standard phytochemical analysis for qualitative estimation of phytoconsituents. The antibacterial activity of the stem extract of T. cordifolia was determined by agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of several phytochemicals viz., alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenol, tannins, steroid, terpenoids, saponins and sugars. The methanolic extract displayed the presence of highest number of phytochemical compounds. It may be due to the higher solubility of active components in this solvent as compared to other solvents. The results revealed that the methanolic extract exhibit the effective antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial species . The studies justify the use of T. cordifolia in traditional medicines. The investigation further proposed that the metabolites present in leaf tissue of T. cordifolia can be potential source of novel natural antibacterial and antioxidant agents and can be prospective applications in food industry as an antioxidant
Klasifikasi Jenis Suara Wanita Berdasarkan Register Suara Dalam Teknik Bernyanyi Secara Real Time Menggunakan Algoritma BAM dan Algoritma Viterbi
Authors: Meiyanti Rini , Sandy Cut Lika Mestika
Published: January 2021

Dalam teknik bernyanyi, wanita lebih mempunyai register suara yang beragam dibandingkan pria. Banyak sekali register suara manusia, namun register suara yang biasa digunakan saat bernyanyi antara lain yaitu Chest Voice, Head Voice, Falsetto, dan Vocalfry. Maka untuk pengenalan jenis suara wanita berdasarkan register suara manusia dalam teknik bernyanyi diperlukan sebuah sistem sehingga nantinya berguna untuk pengenalan teknik-teknik bernyanyi secara lebih jelas. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal, maka diperlukan unjuk kerja dua metode yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian kali ini yaitu algoritma BAM dan algoritma Viterbi. Pengenalan suara dilakukan dengan menginputkan sampel suara hasil rekaman dan juga secara real time. Setelah diinput suara maka sistem akan mendapatkan hasil sesuai dengan metode yang akan digunakan yaitu algoritma BAM dan algoritma Viterbi. Algoritma BAM dapat memproses input yang tidak lengkap, karena adanya hubungan timbal balik antara dari lapisan output ke lapisan input. Dengan algoritma Viterbi maka pengolahan status-status dalam sistem pengenalan suara dapat lebih optimal. Pada algoritma BAM, nilai suara pengujian dan nilai sampel suara pelatihan yang diperoleh akan dicari nilai vektornya menggunakan pencarian nilai bobot yang dilakukan dengan cara mengubah matriks biner ke dalam matriks bipolar. Sedangkan pada algoritma Viterbi, nilai sampel suara pelatihan akan dicari pencarian Viterbi dengan menggunakan transformasi Mellin. Transformasi Mellin digunakan untuk merubah domain waktu ke domain frekuensi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menghasilkan sistem yang dapat mengenali jenis suara wanita berdasarkan register suara manusia dalam teknik bernyanyi, yaitu dengan menunjukkan unjuk kerja dari kedua metode sehingga kita dapat mengetahui metode mana yang lebih optimal. Diharapkan dari penelitian ini akan memberikan hasil seberapa akurasi antara kedua metode tersebut dalam mendeteksi suara yang akan dilatih dengan harapan dapat memberikan sebuah keputusan perekomendasian antara algoritma BAM dengan algoritma Viterbi.
Obecność filozofii a nauki społeczne
Authors: Szawiel Tadeusz
Published: January 2021

Zasadniczą tezą tekstu jest stwierdzenie, że obecność filozofii ujawnia się w naukach na zasadniczo dwóch poziomach. Pierwszy to paradygmatyczne osiągnięcia, najogólniejsze założenia teoretyczne oraz pojęciowość, która wyznacza przedmiot i problematykę badań. Przykładem takich osiągnięć jest nowożytna nauka (Galileusz), nowożytna filozofia społeczna (Hobbes), teorie procesów dziejowych (Max Weber, Carl Schmitt). Dla tego rodzaju najogólniejszych, paradygmatycznych osiągnięć charakterystyczna jest współpierwotność filozofii i nauki, co wyklucza możliwość planowania i kontroli „spotkania” filozofii z nauką. Drugi poziom dotyczy wewnętrznych problemów nauk społecznych, kiedy dane podejście lub teoria przestają pełnić rolę skutecznych narzędzi badawczych, lub kiedy pytania badawcze wiodą do punktu, w którym nie istnieją odpowiedzi w ramach danego podejścia. Wówczas pojawia się miejsce na refleksję filozoficzną. W końcowej części wskazuje się możliwości i ograniczenia wiążące się ze świadomymi praktykami kształtowania obecności filozofii w naukach społecznych.
Demony u Przybyszewskiego, czyli o szatanie wczesnej nowoczesności
Authors: Matuszek Gabriela
Published: January 2021

Artykuł „Demony Przybyszewskiego, czyli o szatanie wczesnej nowoczesności” na przykładzie twórczości polsko-niemieckiego artysty, czułego barometru ówczesnych przemian cywilizacyjnych, pokazuje patologie i ideologie, w jakie wciela się szatan nowoczesności. Blasfemie i demonomanie wyrażają wewnętrzną psychomachię epoki, rozgrywającą się między sakralnością, będącą w stanie utraty, i nihilistycznymi prądami, podmywającymi jej fundamenty. Satanistyczno-gnostyckie fantazmaty oraz figurę szatana można traktować jako obronę przed nihilizmem i anarchizmem oraz metafizyczną pustką „świata bez Boga”. Autorka artykułu szatana nowoczesności dostrzega również w Ja, opanowanym przez demoniczne moce nieświadomości oraz demony pychy, lęku i obłędu, a także szaleństwa ciała i duszy (demony płci i sztuki). Twórczość Przybyszewskiego jawi się jako interesujący dokument katastroficznego „zbiorowego obłędu”, suponujący, że ludzkość skażona jest ontyczną i antropologiczną „patologią”, a życie jest szaleństwem.
A STUDY OF RISK FACTOR PROFILE OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION APPLYING CHA2DS2-VASC SCORE
Authors: Mustafa Ahmed , Khan Imtiaz Ali , Iqbal Hafiza Sonia , Janjua Anam Fatima , Ahmad Faraz , Khan Saadat Ullah , Aziz Sohail , Siddiqui Abdul Hameed , Tuyyab Farhan
Published: January 2021

Objective: To identify the risk factor profile of Atrial Fibrillation applying CHA2DS2-VASC scoring system

Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in outdoor patient and emergency departments of Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases in 4 months duration after approval of synopsis, from Sep 2019 to Dec 2019.

Methodology: All patients with symptoms of palpitation and dyspnea were evaluated with detailed history, physical examination, electrocardiogram and 2-D echocardiography for collection of data. Patients who were found with Atrial Fibrillation on electrocardiogram and non-valvular on 2-D echocardiography were enrolled. Detailed History regarding CHA2DS2-VASC scoring system was taken. Patients with age <18 years, those with moderate rheumatic stenos is, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and Atrial Fibrillation with prosthetic valves were excluded. Data was entered and analyzed with SPSS-23.

Results: Out of 100 patients enrolled, frequencies of male and female patients were 60 (60%) and 40 (40%) respectively. The age varied from 25 years to 89 years with a mean age of 64.27 ± 12 years. Maximum number of patients was between 65-74 years (31%). Hypertension (57%) was the most common risk factor after gender followed by age. Frequencies of other risk factors were congestive heart failure (33%), diabetes mellitus (18%), vascular disease (14%) and stroke/TIA/thrombo-embolism (13%). Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was the most common type of atrial fibrillation observed (67%) followed by persistent atrial fibrillation (31%). The number of patients having CHA2DS2-VASC score 2 and greater than 2 were 76 (76%) and less than 2 were 24%.

Conclusion: Our findings highlighted the prevalence of non-modifiable as well as modifiable predictors of thromboembolic phenomena in atrial fibrillation using CHA2DS2-VASC scoring system in our population.
FREQUENCY AND RISK FACTORS OF LEFT VENTRICULAR GEOMETRIC ABNORMALITIES IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: A STUDY BASED ON THE UPDATED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM OF LEFT VENTRICULAR GEOMETRY
Authors: Nazir Fauzia , Iqbal Tahir , Kamran Javeria , Khattak Tariq Hussain , Fatima Anum , Habib Aatika , Kaleem Saleh
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the association between cardiovascular risk factors and the abnormalities of left ventricular geometric abnormalities.

Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional, single centered study.

Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, from Jun 2018 to Dec 2018.

Methodology: This study permission was sought from hospital ethics committee. Written informed consent was taken from participants of study. Particulars of all the patients who meet the inclusion were included i.e., 351 hypertensive.

Results: Left ventricular geometric abnormalities were detected in 321 subjects (91%), wherein concentric non dilated left ventricular hypertrophy is the most common left ventricular geometric abnormality (39%). Elevated systolic blood pressure and diabetes mellitus were positively associated with concentric left ventricular remodeling, whereas body mass index and chronic kidney disease were inversely associated with concentric abnormalities. systolic blood pressure and diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, large WC were positively associated with eccentric dilated left ventricular hypertrophy, while body mass index, duration of hypertension, MS were inversely associated with eccentric dilated left ventricular hypertrophy. Elevated systolic blood pressure was the strongest risk factor for eccentric dilated left ventricular hypertrophy. Large WC, systolic blood pressure and diabetes mellitus were positively associated with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy, whereas body mass index was negatively associated with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy.

Conclusion: Appropriate risk factor management and compliance can prevent left ventricular geometric abnormalities hence poorer outcomes in our population
MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSIVE PDA
Authors: Khattak Khushal Khan , Ullah Maad , Sheikh Abdul Malik , Kanwal Asma , Shah Sajid Ali , Nisa Noor -Un-
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine different treatment options in patients of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with pulmonary hypertension beyond neonatal period.

Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Pediatric Cardiology department of Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, from Jan 2017 to Jan 2019.

Methodology: Patients having PDA with pulmonary hypertension were included in the study. Treatment options were divided into percutaneous catheter device closure, surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus and palliative treatment. Any adverse event during the procedure was documented. Stratification was done in regard to gender and age group. Post stratification chi square test was applied and p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered as significant.

Results: Total number of patients included in the study were 37. Mean age (years) of patients (Mean ± SD) was 19.21 ± 8.76. Mean ± SD pulmonary artery pressure was 56.43 ± 11.55 mmHg. Percutaneous catheter device closure was successful in 24 (64.9%) patients, in 7 (18.9%) patients primary surgical PDA ligation was done, 3 (8.1%) patients were advised palliative treatment and in 3 (8.1%) patients adverse events occurred during percutaneous device closure and were thus referred for surgical ligation. Patent ductus Arteriosus Occlutech device was used in 18 (48.6%) patients, Occlutech VSD device was used in 7 (18.5%) patients and in 1 (2.7%) patient AGA duct occluder was used.

Conclusion: In patients with patent ductus arteriosus and pulmonary artery hypertension, percutaneous catheter device closure is a safe and effective procedure.