bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Historia de los estudios paleontológicos en el Devónico de la región de Almadén (zona Centroibérica, España): período 1834-1990
Authors: Pardo Alonso Miguel V. , Gozalo Guitiérrez Rodolfo
Published: March 2022

Las primeras citas de fósiles en la región de Almadén se remontan al trabajo de Le Play (1834), siendo Ezquerra del Bayo (1838) el primero en citar fósiles inequívocamente devónicos, si bien no es hasta 1850 cuando se habla propiamente de "terrenos devónicos". El presente estudio histórico, que abarca el período 1834-1990, se ha basado en una recopilación bibliográfica de las obras que han versado sobre paleontología y estratigrafía del Devonico de la region de Almaden y su posterior analisis. Este, junto con un detallado trabajo de campo, ha permitido la elaboración de un mapa de situación de los yacimientos clásicos presentes en el área, muchos de ellos de localización incierta o desconocida hasta la fecha. Por último, en función de las citas de especies de cada trabajo analizado, se ha procedido a la delimitación y caracterización de siete períodos en el conocimiento de la región: Primera Epoca (1834-1873), Reorganización de la Comision del Mapa Geológico (1873-1910), Primer tercio de siglo (1910-1936), Segundo tercio de siglo (1936-1960), Escuela alemana y Monografía de Almela et al. (1960-1970), Estudios de yacimientos minerales (1970-1980), y Reactivación y Hojas MAGNA (l 980-1990).
Lyrodesma et autres mollusques bivalves des Quartzites Botella (Ordovicien Moyen) de la Zone Centre-ibérique (Espagne).
Authors: Gutiérrez-Marco Juan Carlos , Babin Claude
Published: March 2022

La Formación Cuarcitas Botella (Dobrotiviense superior, Ordovícico Medio) contiene, en su parte inferior y media, raras asociaciones de bivalvos que han sido examinadas en cinco localidades centroibéricas. Estas se sitúan al oeste de Cabeza del Buey (Badajoz), al sur de Almaden y en Puertollano (Ciudad Real), norte de Castellar de Santisteban (Jaen) y sureste de Cabanas del Castillo (Cáceres). El material comprende los paleotaxodontos Praenucula costae (Sharpe), Cardiolaria beirensis (Sharpe) y Cardiolaria sp. y los paleoheterodontos Hemiprionodonta lusitanica (Sharpe), Lyrodesma truyolsi nov. sp., Modiolopsis cf. morierei de Tromelin y Modiolopsis sp. El registro de Modiolopsis cf. morierei de Tromelin y de! genero Lyrodesma precede muy probablemente a la aparici6n de estos taxones en el Macizo Armoricano (Arenisca de May superior: Caradoc). El actinodontoide Lyrodesma se describe por vez primera en la Península Ibérica, representado por la nueva especie Lyrodesma truyolsi nov. sp., carente de septo anterior, que representa la forma mas antigua conocida del género.
El género Undastriatostyliolina en la Cordillera Cantábrica (NO de España). Sistemática, evolución y paleobiogeografía
Authors: Truyols-Massoni Montse
Published: March 2022

Varias formas de Undastriatostyliolina son descritas por vez primera fuera de la region tipo del género. Tres son especies nuevas, Undastriatostyliolina truyolsi n. sp., Undastriatostyliolina n. sp. 3 y Undastriatostyliolina n. sp. 1. Las dos primeras, junto con Undastriatostyliolina globicellata, aparecen en el Givetiense Superior. El hallazgo de Undastriatostyliolina n. sp. 1 en capas emsienses, ha permitido establecer el probable origen de la Familia Undastriatostyliolinidae y analizar sus posibles tendencias evolutivas. Undastriatostyliolina n. sp. I, la especie más antigua, posee una concha de tamaño mucho mayor que las demás formas conocidas del género. Aunque un fenómeno habitual en la evolución de diferentes grupos de invertebrados es el aumento de tamaño del cuerpo, los dacrioconáridos parecen mostrar una tendencia evolutiva contraria. Así en la mayoría de linajes, es posible generalizar unas tendencias evolutivas globales en el sentido de mostrar una disminución progresiva en el tamafio de las conchas y en el número de elementos longitudinales así como una aminoración del relieve en la ornamentación transversal. Y esta tendencia general parece repetirse en el caso de! género Undastriatostyliolina. Se aportan también algunas consideraciones paleobiogeográficas de interés. En el estado actual de conocimientos, el origen del género Undastriatostyliolina se encuentra en la Cordillera Cantábrica, en el Emsiense Superior.
Cambrian correlation within the Perigondwana Faunal Realm
Authors: Chang Wen T.
Published: March 2022

Stratigraphic positions of Redlichioidea trilobites found in the Lower Cambrian of Morocco, Spain, South France, Sardinia, Jordan, Doberlug and Gorlitz (both in Germany), and those from Central Asia, Himalayan region, Australia and Antarctica are correlated with that of the Chinese biostratigraphic scheme. During the Middle Cambrian, biostratigraphic correlation between the Mediterranean region (including Morocco and Central Europe) and China is very difficult because of the complete absence of Paradoxides-fauna in China. Based on shallow-shelf and open-shelf trilobite faunas, the Middle and Upper Cambrian biostratigraphy of the Near East, Central, South and Southeast Asia, Australia and Antarctica are correlated with that of both China's shallow-shelf and open-shelf biostratigraphic schemes. Late Cambrian trilobite faunas of eastern Asiatic affinities also occur in Morocco, Spain, South France and Turkey. So far, there is no trilobite fauna of the Late Cambrian Fengshanian Stage found in Europe.
First report of Halkieria and enigmatic globular fossils from the Central European Marianian (Lower Cambrian, Gorlitz Syncline, Germany)
Authors: Elicki Olaf
Published: March 2022

Some non-trilobite faunal elements from Marianian strata of eastern Germany ("Gorlitz Fauna" Lusatia) are presented from this region for the first time. One of these is the Burgess type fossil Halkieria Poulsen, 1967. The extremely low frequency of halkieriids in the Garlitz fauna and, in contrast, the very large amount of chancelloriids in the same found horizon point to different habitats for these two coeloscleritophoran groups and support the assumption of different modes of life of these fossils. Furthermore, a new report is made on six enigmatic and poorly preserved globular individuals assigned to Aetholicopalla adnata Conway Morris, 1990b. Nearly all of these globules show adaptions to a sessile benthic and/or to an encrusting mode of life. Based on a portrayal of the present knowledge on higher Lower Cambrian small shelly faunas from central and southern Europe (Germany, Czechia, Poland, France, Spain, Italy) the utility of these fossil groups for biostratigraphy, palaeoecology and related topics are discussed. A prospect of the further tasks in the higher Lower Cambrian small shelly palaeontology of the western Mediterranean and especially the importance and the capability of related investigations in different regions of the Gondwanan European shelf is given.
Acritarch biostratigraphy of the Lower-Middle Cambrian boundary in the Iberian Chains, province of Soria, northeastern Spain
Authors: Palacios Teodoro , Moczydlowska Malgorzata
Published: March 2022

The Lower and Middle Cambrian age acritarch assemblages are reported from a continuous succession of the siliciclastic-carbonate Ribota, Huermeda and Daroca Formations in the Iberian Chains, northeastern Spain. One new genus and four new species are described, one of them in open nomenclature. The microfossil assemblages allow to recognize the Lower Cambrian Heliosphaeridium dissimilare-Skiagia ciliosa and Volkovia dentifera-­Liepaina plana acritarch zones, and to discuss an informal lowermost Middle Cambrian acritarch zone. These zones correspond respectively to the Holmia kjerulfi, Prorolenus and Acadoparadoxides oelandicus trilobite zones, identified in the Acado-Baltic faunal province. The first appearance of Eliasum llaniscum, Celtiberium dedalinum and Retisphaeridium dichamerum, which are age-diagnostic for the Middle Cambrian, in the upper Daroca Formation is interpreted to point the Lower-Middle Cambrian boundary. This stratigraphic level underlies the previously established trilobite-based boundary. The depositional environments and biostratigraphy of the concerned strata are discussed.
Coniferous woods from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Del Fueyo Georgina M.
Published: March 2022

Silicified wood is figured and described from the upper part of the Upper Cretaceous Allen Formation of Rio Negro Province, Argentina. The good preservation as well as the presence of roots in some of the logs suggest they were transported for short distances. Two new species are described, Circoporoxylon gregussii and Podocarpoxylon garciae. The characters of the wood remains, together with the comparison made between living and fossil woods, indicate that both taxa belong to the Podocarpaceae. Associated plants (palms, cycads) and the anatomical structure of the woods suggest that they developed under a fairly equable climate; growth rings are not well marked.
Graptolitos de la Formación Suri (Arenig) en el Sistema de Famatina, Argentina
Authors: Toro Blanca A , Brussa Edsel D
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo se presenta el análisis bioestratigráfico de la graptofauna proveniente de la quebrada del río Saladillo, ubicada al suroeste de la localidad de Angulos, en la provincia de La Rioja, Argentina. Se discute el rango vertical de las especies de graptolitos identificadas y se reconocen dos biozonas: la Biozona de Baltograplus deflexus y la Biozona de Didymograptellus bifidus. Estas son descritas por primera vez en el Sistema de Famatina y constituyen un aporte al esquema de biozanación correspondiente al Arenig de esa región. Las mismas permiten asignar al miembro de pelitas negras silicificadas con intercalaciones de tobas y al tramo inferior del miembro de pelitas laminadas gris azuladas de la Formación Suri una edad equivalente al lapso Arenig inferior-medio. Asimismo, se propone la correlación de estos niveles fosilíferos con afloramientos equivalentes del noroeste argentino y la comparación de las biozonas reconocidas con aquellas establecidas en otras regiones del mundo. Finalmente, se realizan algunas observaciones acerca de las afinidades paleobiogeográficas de la graptofauna estudiada.
Cronología, bioestratigrafía y paleoecología del Pleistoceno Medio de galería (Sierra de Atapuerca, España)
Authors: Rosas González Antonio , Carbonell Eudald , Cuenca Gloria , García García Nuria , Fernández Jalvo Yolanda , Van der Made Jan , Ollé Andreu , Parés Casanova Josep Maria , Pérez González Alfredo , Sánchez Marco Antonio , Sánchez Chillón Begoña , Vallverdú Josep
Published: March 2022

El yacimiento de Galería es uno los rellenos cársticos pleistocenos situados en la Trinchera del Ferrocarril de la Sierra de Atapuerca. El relleno sedimentario se divide en seis unidades estratigráficas (GI a GVI). La base de la sucesión estratigráfica corresponde al Pleistoceno Inferior y es estéril. Las unidades fosilíferas con evidencias de ocupación humana (GIT y GITT) son de la segunda mitad del Pleistoceno Medio. Las especies de mamíferos permanecen evolutivamente estables; solo se observan cambios menores en los roedores Iberomys breccensis, Microtus aff. arvalis y Arvicola sp. No obstante, se detectan variaciones en las frecuencias de micro- y macrovertebrados y en las comunidades de aves. La subunidad Glla se interpreta como formada durante una fase cálida.
Evaluation of some numerical techniques for determining paleotemperatures from planktonic foraminiferal assemblages
Authors: González-Donoso José María , Linares Dolores
Published: March 2022

This study evaluates the results of various numerical techniques intended to estimate environmental variables from the composition of associations of organisms in sediment samples. An analysis is made of various transfer functions (species regression technique, 13 variants; weighted average technique, 8 variants; principal component regression technique, 270 variants; discriminant analysis technique, one procedure) and of the modern analog technique (11 variants). The initial point is the calibration data set composed of the associations of planktonic foraminifera contained in 605 core-top samples from the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean, together with the corresponding sea surface winter temperatures. To compare the results of the various techniques, the calibration data set is randomly divided into two subsets of 450 and 155 samples, respectively. The former is used as the provisional calibration data set; this is used to estimate the winter temperatures of the subset of 155 samples (the analog set) and of another set, formed of 27 samples from the South Atlantic and the Indian Ocean (no-analog set). After evaluating the errors of the estimate of the different techniques, the best ones are selected.
Spanish type specimens in fossil invertebrate collection of Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales of Madrid, Spain
Authors: Montero Ángel , Diéguez Jiménez Carmen
Published: March 2022

The main objective of the present paper is to communicate, to the paleontological community the type material of fossil invertebrates at the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Most of this type material belongs to historic collections that were recovered after the retrieval and study of 70% of the fossil invertebrates material, and includes type specimens from W.Kilian, ].Vilanova y Piera, J. Lambert and V. van Straelen amongst other well-known naturalists.
Rhizaphyllum Lindstrom, 1866 (Rugosa) del Devónico Inferior (Lochkoviense) en el SE de las Montañas de Tian-Shan (NO de China)
Authors: Soto Francisco , Liao Wiehua
Published: March 2022

En el presente trabajo se describen varias especies del genero Rhizaphyllum Lindstrom, procedentes de la Formación Arpishmebulaq (Lochkoviense), en el SE de las Montañas de Tian-Shan (provincia de Xinjiang, NO de China). Las descripciones realizadas comprenden cinco especies, de !as cuales Rhizophyllum extensum se propone como nueva, R. sp. A y R. sp. B son también, probablemente, nuevas, pero la falta de material más abundante y mejor conservado hace que ias mantengamos, por el momento, en nomenclatura abierta. R. hedini (Regnell) era conocida solo por su morfología externa y ahora se describen por primera vez sus estructuras internas. Finalmente, R. cf. enorme (Etheridge) no habia sido citada nunca en China y su presencia en el area de Arpishmebulaq confirma relaciones biogeograficas durante el Lochkoviense con los Montes Urales, Salair, Asia Central (Altai) y Este de Australia.
Evolución y relaciones filogenéticas entre los grupos de mayor rango taxonómico de atiridos y otros "braquiópodos articulados"
Authors: Álvarez Fernando , Carlson Sandra
Published: March 2022

Es difícil lograr un acuerdo sobre un modelo de relaciones filogenéticas entre los grupos de mayor rango taxonómico de atíridos y de los braquiópodos con braquidio espiralado, en general, debido a la complejidad de la evolución de los caracteres dentro del grupo. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio, utilizando una metodología filogenetica junto con los metodos tradicionales, mostraron una imagen más completa y facilmente comprobable, de la evolución de los atíridos, que cualquiera de ellos utilizado independientemente. Los resultados de ocho analisis filogeneticos utilizando grupos externos para la determinación de las polaridades son comparados y contrastados, se discute la evolución de los caracteres morfológicos dentro y entre los grupos, y se realiza una comparación entre los metodos estratigraficos y de grupo externo para la determinación de las polaridades. El analisis cladístico sugiere que los "espiriferidos" forman un grupo separado de los atrípidos y los atíridos; koninckinidinos, meristelloideos, atiridoideos, retziidinos, retzielloideos y atrípidos aparecen como clados consistentes, bien definidos; los Dayiinae se agrupan reiteradamente con los lissatripidinos, y los atirisininos, con los atirididos; los retziidinos aparecen como el grupo mas derivado. La concordancia entre los datos de primera aparición de los grupos principales de atfridos y su rango cladístico sugiere que ambos tipos de analisis indican una dirección similar en la evolución de los caracteres en los atíridos. De acuerdo con los resultados de los analisis, diversas estructuras de la concha surgieron independientemente en diferentes grupos de "braquiópodos articulados".
The March Against Onychomycosis: A Systematic Review of the Sanitization Methods for Shoes, Socks, and Textiles
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Simkovich Aaron J. , Hall Deanna C.
Published: March 2022

Drug based treatment of superficial fungal infections, such as onychomycosis, is not the only defense. Sanitization of footwear such as shoes, socks/stockings, and other textiles is integral to the prevention of recurrence, and reduction of spread for superficial fungal mycoses. The goal of this review was to examine the available methods of sanitization for footwear and textiles against superficial fungal infections. A systematic literature search of various sanitization devices and methods that could be applied to footwear and textiles using PubMed, Scopus, and MEDLINE was performed. Fifty-four studies were found relevant to the different methodologies, devices, and techniques of sanitization as it pertains to superficial fungal infections of the feet. These included topics of basic sanitization, antifungal and antimicrobial materials, sanitization chemicals and powder, laundering, ultraviolet, ozone, non-thermal plasma, microwave radiation, essential oils, and natural plant extracts. In management of onychomycosis it is necessary to think beyond treatment of the nail, as infections enter through the skin. Those prone to onychomycosis should examine their environment, including surfaces, shoes, and socks, and ensure that proper sanitization is implemented.
Transcriptome-wide identification and expression analysis of the KT/HAK/KUP family in Salicornia europaea L. under varied NaCl and KCl treatments
Authors: Wei Jia , Tiika Richard John , Cui Guangxin , Ma Yanjun , Yang Hongshan , Duan Huirong
Published: March 2022

Background

The KT/HAK/KUP (KUP) transporters play important roles in potassium (K+) uptake and translocation, regulation of osmotic potential, salt tolerance, root morphogenesis and plant development. However, the KUP family has not been systematically studied in the typical halophyte Salicornia europaea L., and the specific expression patterns of SeKUPs under NaCl condition and K+ deficiency are unknown.

Methods

In this study, SeKUPs were screened from PacBio transcriptome data of Salicornia europaea L. using bioinformatics. The identification, phylogenetic analysis and prediction of conserved motifs of SeKUPs were extensively explored. Moreover, the expression levels of 24 selected SeKUPs were assayed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results

In this study, a total of 24 putative SeKUPs were identified in S. europaea. Nineteen SeKUPs with the fixed domain EA[ML]FADL were used to construct the phylogenetic tree, and they were divided into four clusters (clusters I–IV). MEME analysis identified 10 motifs in S. europaea, and the motif analysis suggested that 19 of the identified SeKUPs had at least four K+ transporter motifs existed in all SeKUPs (with the exception of SeKUP-2). The RT-qPCR analysis showed that the expression levels of most SeKUPs were significantly up-regulated in S. europaea when they were exposed to K+ deficiency and high salinity, implying that these SeKUPs may play a key role in the absorption and transport of K+ and Na+ in S. europaea.

Discussions

Our results laid the foundation for revealing the salt tolerance mechanism of SeKUPs, and provided key candidate genes for further studies on the function of KUP family in S. europaea.
Overexpression of theTectona grandis TgNAC01regulates growth, leaf senescence and confer salt stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco plants
Authors: Matias Fernando , Novais de Oliveira Perla , Gómez-Espinoza Olman , Galeano Esteban , Carrer Helaine
Published: March 2022

NAC transcription factors play critical roles in xylem secondary development and in regulation of stress response in plants. NAC proteins related to secondary cell wall development were recently identified and characterized inTectona grandis(teak), one of the hardwood trees of highest economic importance in the world. In this work, we characterized the novelTgNAC01gene, which is involved in signaling pathways that mediate teak response to stress. Abscisic acid (ABA) increasesTgNAC01expression in teak plants. Therefore, this gene may have a role in signaling events that mediate ABA-dependent osmotic stress responsive in this plant species. Stable expression in tobacco plants showed that the TgNAC01 protein is localized in the cell nucleus. Overexpression ofTgNAC01in two out three independent transgenic tobacco lines resulted in increased growth, leaf senescence and salt tolerance compared to wild type (WT) plants. Moreover, the stress tolerance of transgenic plants was affected by levels ofTgNAC01gene expression. Water potential, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were used to determine salt stress tolerance. The 35S:TgNAC01-6 line under 300 mM NaCl stress responded with a significant increase in photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration and carboxylation efficiency, but lower water potential compared to WT plants. The data indicate that theTgNAC01transcription factor acts as a transcriptional activator of the ABA-mediated regulation and induces leaf senescence.
Crisis del sector sucroenergético en Brasil y la vulnerabilidad territorial de los municipios productores de caña de azúcar
Authors: Faria-dos-Santos Henrique , Sampaio Mateus-de-Almeida-Prado , Mesquita Fernando , Pereira Mirlei-Fachini-Vicente Pereira
Published: March 2022

En la segunda década del siglo xxi, el sector sucroenergético de Brasil experimentó un período de crisis que llevó a que muchas Unidades Agroindustriales Sucroenergéticas (uas) emprendieran planes judiciales de recuperación, o enfrentaran la quiebra y el cierre (temporal o definitivo). Esas decisiones afectaron la economía de los municipios que participan en la producción y procesamiento de la caña de azúcar. En este contexto, el objetivo del artículo es evaluar los diferentes grados de vulnerabilidad territorial de los municipios con unidades agroindustriales. La metodología se basa en la propuesta de un índice de vulnerabilidad territorial (ivt) elaborado combinando indicadores relacionados con el grado de especialización, la densidad económica y poblacional y las diferentes características productivas de las uas. Los resultados presentan un mapeo de las diferentes situaciones de vulnerabilidad, que resulta mayor en municipios con un menor nivel demográfico y cuyas economías son altamente especializadas y dependientes de la producción y procesamiento de la caña de azúcar.
Correlation of Standard ECG with 2D-Echo and Serum Troponin I in Locating the Site of Myocardial Infarction and its ExtentAn Observational Study
Authors: Reddy AC Sanjay , Pandiyan TR , Rao Srinivasa , Reddy YJ Visweswara , Dhananjaya PE
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of death in developed countries, and its incidence is on the rise in developing countries. Electrocardiogram (ECG), 2 Dimensional Echocardiography (2D-Echo) and myocardial injury biomarkers help in the diagnosis, prognostification of Myocardial Infarction (MI). Aim: To correlate the findings of ECG, 2D-Echo and Troponin I levels in locating the site and extent of MI. Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted in the cardiology Intensive Care Unit (ICU)/ward, PES Hospital, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India, from January 2019 to June 2020. A total of 95 patients of acute MI were studied at baseline, and repeat 12 lead ECG, 2D-Echo and serum troponin I levels were recorded. Ejection Fraction (EF) was estimated from the QRS score by means of a formula, and Echocardiographic correlation was obtained on the same day with ECG-QRS scoring by direct estimation of EF in ‘Q’ wave infarction. High sensitivity cardiac Troponin – I was measured at the time of hospitalisation and repeated at six hours if required, and its levels were correlated to the extent of MI i.e., Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF). The categorical data were analysed using Chi-square test and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Regression analysis was done for associated factors. Results: There was better correlation between EF calculated from ECG-QRS scoring system and 2D-Echo (r value-0.78, p-value <0.001). There was poor correlation between serum Troponin I levels at admission, and extent of MI i.e., LVEF as estimated by ECG and 2D-Echo (r=-237.13, p=0.334 and r=-120.78, p=0.585). There was a significant correlation between serum Troponin I levels at 72 hours of chest pain or peak values and extent of MI i.e., LVEF as estimated by ECG and 2D-Echo (r=-1446.14, p<0.001 and r=-1354.42, p<0.001). Conclusion: The location of MI, seen on ECG, correlated broadly with those seen on 2D-Echo. 2D-Echo was able to elaborate regional wall motion abnormalities in detail when compared to the ECG. LVEF can be calculated from ECG at bedside in Q wave infarction, which correlated fairly with 2D-Echo findings.
The Factors Affecting the Fishermen’s Income: A Case Study of Cikidang Fish Landing Port of Indonesia’
Authors: Buntoro Risa Ristianti , Nurhayati Atikah , Maulina Ine , Gumilar Iwang , Anna Zuzy
Published: March 2022

This Research aims to analyze the factors that affect the income of fishermen at the Cikidang Fish Landing Port, Babakan Village, Pangandaran District, Pangandaran Regency, West Java Province. This research was conducted from May to September 2021 by using the accidental sampling research method. The respondents in this research were fishermen at the Cikidang fish landing port as many as 77 fishermen. The data collected are primary data and secondary data. Analysis of the data in this study multiple linear regression. The results showed that all variables, namely, X1 (Experience), X2 (Length of Time at sea), X3 (Age), X4 (Education), and X5 (Type of Fishing Equipment) together had a significant influence on Y (fisherman's income)/trip with a percentage of effect of 64.5%. While the remaining 32.5% is influenced by other factors not observed in this study. The factors that significantly influence the income of fishermen at PPI Cikidang, Babakan Village, Pangandaran District, Pangandaran Regency are X2 (Long Time at sea) and X3 (Age) of fishermen, and X5 (Type of Fishing Equipment) with a significant p-value (sig) <0.05 (alpha 5%).
On A Method of Bias Reduction in the Product Method of Estimation
Authors: Sahoo R. K. , Sabat Ajit Kumar , Sahoo L. N.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we focused our attention on the creation of an almost unbiased predictive product estimator after estimating and correcting bias of the classical product estimator under predictive approach. Considering mean square error as the performance measure, superiority of the proposed estimator has been analyzed compared to the classical product estimator and Robson’s [1] unbiased product estimator under (i) a finite population set-up, (ii) an infinite population set-up assuming bivariate normal distribution between the variables, and (iii) the assumption of a super-population model.
Occurrence Rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Co - infection among Expectant Mothers Attending Antenatal Clinic in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Moore-Igwe Beatrice Wobiarueri , Echonwere –Uwikor Beauty Eruchi , Jacob Ransom Baribefii , Ogochukwu Emmanuel-Nath
Published: March 2022

The global burden of co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) has a negative impact in Sub-Saharan Africa.When HIV, HBV and HCV co-exist, they become life threatening and with high fatality rate particularly in gestation in which transmission occurs vertically, causing fetal and neonatal hepatitis. The study aimed at examining the occurrence rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) co - infection among expectant mothers attending antenatal clinic in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH). The study population comprised of one hundred and fifty (150) pregnant women. Venous blood was used in the study and screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV, and anti-HIV antibodies using commercially available immunoassay test kits. The prevalence of HCV, HIV and HBsAg among the pregnant subjects in relation to age group 21-30 and 31-40 in the study revealed a seropositive percentage of 0.7% and 1.3%. The other groups, however, showed no positive result among the three viruses. Furthermore, 0.7% of the pregnant women in their first, second and third trimester were co-infected with HCV and HBsAg while 1.3% out of 36.7% and 0.7% out of 61.3% of pregnant women within the age groups 21-30 and 31-40 respectively were seropositive for HIV. In relation to gestational age, it was seen from the study that 0.7% of the pregnant women in their first, second and third trimester were seropositive for HCV and HBsAg respectively, while 2% of the HIV seropositive pregnant women were in their first trimester. The overall seroprevalence of HCV, HIV and HBsAg as revealed in the study showed that infection was found to be 2% respectively among the pregnant women. The reduced prevalence of hepatitis B (HBsAg), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection observed in the study among pregnant women attending antenatal care in the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital may be attributed to the increase in the awareness amongst the general populace in Port Harcourt especially couples about the consequences of sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B as well as Hepatitis C. In other words, there is reduction in seroprevalence of HBsAg, HCV and HIV which is premised on the efficacy of sensitization particularly on HBV vaccination and preventive protocols for HIV.
The Effects of Isokinetic and Functional Training on Strength and Ability to Perform Daily Activities in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Subramanian Shenbaga Sundaram , Krasilshchikov Oleksandr , Senthil P. , Gaowgeh Riziq Allah Mustafa , Alfawaz Saad S. , Neamatallah Ziyad
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Despite the well-known fact that exercises are the effective treatment in OA, exact modalities, amount and types of exercise that would be beneficial and not destructive to the affected joint are unknown and most effective types and combinations of exercise and the amount of those are still unclear. Study objectives included assessing the effects of Isokinetic Training (IT) and Functional Task Training (FT) on the peak torque at various angular velocities, pain, ability to perform daily activities and basic functional mobility in osteoarthritis patients.

Materials and Methods: Eligible 48 patients (considering possible dropouts) who fulfilled the criteria were selected and randomly assigned to isokinetic training (IT) functional training (FT) and control with no exercise (CG) groups to participate in an intervention program involving baseline, mid- (6 weeks) and post- intervention (12 weeks) assessment through isokinetic testing to assess patient’s quadriceps peak torque at 90°/s, 120°/s and 180°/s angular velocities; WOMAC physical function questionnaire to assess patient’s pain, stiffness and ability to perform daily activities; timed up and go test (TUG) to assess subjects’ basic functional mobility.

Results: Both training modalities improved patient’s strength, pain, and ability to perform daily activities and basic functional mobility with significant improvements at mid- and post-tests as compared to controls. FT group has equaled IT group in strength gains at every tested angular velocity, FT group was significantly superior in physical function.

Conclusion: Both interventions brought significant improvements in studied variables with FT group emerging superior in physical function domain.
Purple Tea, a Rich source of anthocyanin and polyphenol: A Review
Authors: Chakrabarty Anik , Katoch Abhishek , Katoch Pooja
Published: March 2022

Tea (Camellia sinensis) is a famous drink after water which is burned-through everywhere on the world because of its medical advantages. Anthocyanin-rich purple tea shoots (PL) has higher measure of polyphenol, when contrasted with standard green leaf shoot (GL). Likewise tea items produced using PL have more significant levels of catechin profile, and cell reinforcement exercises than that of GL. Notwithstanding, purple tea has a less measure of caffeine content and a high measure of anthocyanin which is useful in human wellbeing. Fundamentally anthocyanins are polyphenol. In-plant, anthocyanins accept a critical part in augmentation, seed dissipating, getting against abiotic and biotic pressing factor. Epidemiological examinations show that every day imtake of purple tea lessens the danger of cardiovascular sickness, neurological issues, and malignant growth moreover. As a result of higher measure of anthocyanin and polyphenol, purple tea displays more cell reinforcement, militating against stoutness, hostile to microbial, hostile to hyperglycemic properties as contrast with GL. In the central tangible framework, anthocyanin and cyaniding-3-O-glucoside (C3G) show insurance just as therapeutic properties against various genuine afflictions like Parkinson's, Alzheimer's disease, etc. Hindrance of neuroinflammation and oxidative pressing factor are two guideline pathways by which anthocyanin and C3G make guarded or possibly healing effects in CNS issue. In this study, we summarize various properties of purple tea and give an audit of the piece of purple tea, concerning polyphenols and anthocyanin in the evasion of cardiovascular ailment, harmful development, and central tangible framework (CNS) tangle prevalently Alzheimer's ailment and Parkinson's infection.
Multi-Detector Computed Tomography for Evaluating Characteristics, Distribution and Extension of Mediastinal Masses
Authors: Jayprakash Bhansali Pratik , Guru Bhushita Nilesh , Dhande Rajasbala Pradeep
Published: March 2022

Background: The area in the thorax between the lungs is Mediastinum which is surrounded above by thoracic inlet, in front by sternum, below by diaphragm, back by vertebral column laterally by pleura of both lungs. Multiple classification systems are used by doctors. Shields classification system is most commonly used, however the conventional Fraser and Paré, Felson, and other categorization are in daily use in radiology. The present schemes used in practice of radiology is more of nonanatomic divisions based primarily on the chest radiograph. So a typical classification based on multi detector CT is demanded to describe mediastinum and make to the purpose differential diagnoses. This study aims to assess characteristics, distribution and extension of Mediastinal masses by MDCT and correlate the histopathological diagnosis to CT scan findings.

Methodology: This will be a prospective study conducted at AVBRH, Wardha. Total 100 patients with Mediastinal Masses diagnosed clinically and on Chest X ray will be enrolled in the study. Contrast CT scan of all patients will be done. Histopathology reports of masses (FNAC/Biopsy) will be collected.

Results: Significant accuracy of mediastinal CT in diagnosing the mediastinal masses and a significant corelation to FNAC/biopsy reports is expected.

Conclusion: MDCT will prove to be an useful evaluation method for diagnosis and classification of mediastinal masses.
Use of Systemic Doxycycline as An Adjunct to Initial Periodontal Therapy in Mild to Moderate Generalized Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rabi Hakam , Assaf Mohammad
Published: March 2022

Background: Antibiotics like doxycycline can show an anti-bacterial effect which can reduce the bacterial load and promote healing in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Aim: To evaluate the use of doxycycline as an adjunct to initial periodontal therapy in mild to moderate periodontitis.

Materials and Methods: Randomized controlled clinical trial was done on 24 patients. Plaque index score, bleeding on probing, periodontal pocket depth and attachment loss was evaluated at six-week and twelve-week intervals after treatment with systemic doxycycline along with deep scaling and placebo medication with deep scaling. Data obtained was analyzed using SPSS software version 22. T-test was used to compare results between the two groups.

Results: Independent T-test shows statistically significant reduction in plaque index score, bleeding on probing, periodontal pocket depth at six-week interval in doxycycline group as compared to the control group with deep scaling alone. There was a statistically significant gain in the attachment level at six-week interval in doxycycline group than initial periodontal therapy alone. This result was not statistically significant at the twelve-week interval. 

Conclusion: The study shows doxycycline as a good adjunct to initial periodontal therapy; however, more studies are required to obtain strong evidence.
PERFORMANCE EFFICIENCY OF QUALITY CONTROL LABORATORY THROUGH IMPLEMENTATION OF LEAN OPERATION
Authors: Lestari Dita Ayu , Subroto Athor
Published: March 2022

Lean operation is the common method to increase operational's efficiency, but it is still rarely im­ple­mented for Quality Control Laboratory. This paper used Value Stream Mapping to identify added value and non-added value activities from raw material analysis in Quality Control Laboratory of pharmaceutical in­dustry. Effi­ci­ency was measured by reducing the turnaround time for raw material analysis and then converted into labor cost efficiency. Our research renders a decrease of 42.7% in turnaround time for the top 20 raw materials sample that received in 2020. In addition, it reduced the cost of labor by IDR 130,193,977 per year. These results showed us the importance of implementing lean operations in the laboratory to support pharma­ceutical industries in producing quality and affordable drug products.
Produção de Carvões Ativados Derivados de Biomassa e sua Aplicação em Processos de Adsorção
Authors: Cordeiro José Luiz Cunha , Junior Raildo Alves Fiuza
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivos principais a busca de anterioridade sobre a produção de carvões ativados derivados de biomassa e sua aplicação em processos de adsorção, além de apresentar uma visão geral do estado atual de tecnologias nesta área de estudo. Para fazer o estudo de prospecção tecnológica, associou-se as palavras-chave biomas*, adsorpt* e activ* carbon*, obtendo 181 patentes e eliminando-se as patentes que não foram o foco deste trabalho, foram obtidos 177 registros. A China foi o país que mais se destacou nesta área, com o maior número de documentos de patentes depositados no grupo estudado, indicando que tal país está seguro com a apropriação de seus conhecimentos. A partir da análise dos resultados encontrados na prospecção, verificou-se que a produção de carvões ativados derivados de biomassa e, sua aplicação em processos de adsorção é ainda pouco explorado consistindo de oportunidades para estudos posteriores.
Artefatos de Couro de Ipirá: potencial de Indicação Geográfica no território da Bacia do Jacuípe – Bahia
Authors: Marques Bartolomeu das Neves , Bulcão Camila Santos , Lima Ângela Maria Ferreira , Lopes Jerisnaldo Matos , Silva Marcelo Santana
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivos identificar e apresentar as características que o município de Ipirá reúne para um registro de Indicação Geográfica (IG), na forma de Indicação de Procedência (IP), dos seus artefatos de couro, considerando os aspectos históricos e econômicos associados a essa produção. A metodologia adotou uma abordagem qualitativa, com pesquisa bibliográfica e consultas a sites especializados como fontes secundárias. O saber-fazer é uma característica singular e expressiva na localidade, que a distingue da produção de outros territórios e representa um potencial para a sua certificação junto ao Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial, a partir da estruturação da cadeia produtiva com estabelecimento de governança para organização dos produtores e demais stakeholders. Concluiu-se que a produção de artefatos de couro de Ipirá tem grande potencial para Indicação Geográfica na modalidade de Indicação de Procedência (IP), podendo gerar benefícios que vão além da melhoria das condições econômicas da população.
Análise de Potencial em Tecnologia de Gestão Baseada em Dados de Mídias Sociais e Tendências – TRENDS
Authors: Raymundo Fabrício de Andrade , Ferreira Eduardo Antonio , Carvalho Sônia Marise Salles , Cruz Tânia Cristina , Santos Leila Fernandes dos , Silva Marcio Lima da
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo trata-se de análise acerca de tecnologias de gestão baseada em dados de mídias sociais e tendências – trends. O meio empresarial vem utilizando tecnologias de análises de dados oriundos das plataformas de mídias sociais a fim de aprimorar sua produção e melhorar a relação com os usuários (clientes). Utilizou-se como metodologia a tendência de pesquisa, medida pela produção de artigos científicos, em conjunto com a análise de registro de patentes. A busca principal apresenta detalhes coletados junto às bases Web of Science (artigos) e Espacenet (patentes) e em um complemento de pesquisa com encaminhamento de sugestão para trabalhos semelhantes futuros pesquisou-se nas bases: Espacenet e Patentscope, Web of Science e Google Acadêmico. Os resultados revelaram que a tecnologia em questão se encontra em nível avançado de desenvolvimento, consolidada, mas em constante atualização, em virtude dos dados e de os atores identificados relacionados à tecnologia estarem em constante modificação.
A Propriedade Intelectual em uma Relação Contratual Compreendendo Inteligência Artificial
Authors: Altavini Nilza Maria Souza , Gumieiro Daniela da Silva , Pereira Flávia Oliveira , Sartori Rejane
Published: March 2022

O avanço tecnológico exige que as empresas acompanhem as revoluções que se propagam. Com a inteligência artificial, os processos produtivos são maximizados por meio da automação, impondo, porém, atenção e aprimoramento da gestão da propriedade intelectual. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho pretende analisar um contrato de licença de uso de um software que promove a inteligência artificial em uma planta industrial, firmado entre uma usina e um fornecedor de software, para identificar sua adequação às garantias de proteção das criações envolvidas. Este estudo configura-se como exploratório e descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir de pesquisa documental e de campo, sendo esta efetuada em uma usina sucroenergética paranaense. Os resultados revelam que o processo de contratação carece de fundamentos da gestão da propriedade intelectual e de bases legais e de segurança jurídica, conduzindo à necessidade de aperfeiçoamentos.
The difference in affinity between two fungal cellulose‐binding domains is dominated by a single amino acid substitution
Authors: Linder Markus , Lindeberg Gunnar , Reinikainen Tapani , Teeri Tuula T. , Pettersson Göran
Published: July 2002

Cellulose‐binding domains (CBDs) form distinct functional units of most cellulolytic enzymes. We have compared the cellulose‐binding affinities of the CBDs of cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) and endoglucanase I (EGI) from the fungus Trichoderma reesei. The CBD of EGI had significantly higher affinity than that of CBHI. Four variants of the CBHI CBD were made in order to identify the residues responsible for the increased affinity in EGI. Most of the difference could be ascribed to a replacement of a tyrosine by a tryptophan on the flat cellulose‐binding face.
Organization of the outer layers of the cell envelope of Corynebacterium glutamicum: A combined freeze‐etch electron microscopy and biochemical study
Authors: Chami Mohamed , Bayan Nicolas , Dedieu Jean‐Claude , Leblon Gérard , Shechter Emanuel , Gulik‐Krzywicki Thaddée
Published: July 2002

Summary— The cell surface of Corynebacterium glutamicum grown on solid medium was totally covered with a highly ordered, hexagonal surface layer. Also, freeze‐fracture revealed two fracture surfaces which were totally covered with ordered arrays displaying an hexagonal arrangement and the same unit cell dimension as the surface layer. The ordered arrays on the concave fracture surface, closest to the cell surface, were due to the presence of particles while those on the convex fracture surface were their imprints. The same cells grown on liquid medium displayed a cell surface and fracture surfaces only partially covered with ordered arrays. In this case, the ordered regions had the same relative position on the cell surface and on the fracture surfaces. All ordered arrays were totally absent in a mutant for cspB, the gene encoding PS2, one of the two major cell wall proteins. Treatment of the cells with proteinase K caused the gradual alteration of PS2 into a slightly lower molecular mass form. This was accompanied by a concomitant disappearance of the ordered fracture surfaces followed by the detachment of the ordered surface layer from the cell as large ordered patches displaying the same lattice symmetry and dimension as those of the surface layer. The ordered patches were isolated. They contained the totality of PS2 initially associated with the cell. We conclude that the highly ordered surface layer of the intact cell was composed of PS2 interacting strongly with some cell wall material leading to its organization. This organized cell wall material produced the ordered fracture surfaces. We show that in the absence of intact PS2 protein on the cell wall, the same cell wall material was not organized and formed a structureless smooth layer.
MerF is a mercury transport protein: different structures but a common mechanism for mercuric ion transporters?
Authors: Wilson Jon R. , Leang Ching , Morby Andrew P. , Hobman Jon L. , Brown Nigel L.
Published: July 2002

Mercury resistance determinants are widespread in Gram‐negative bacteria, but vary in the number and identity of genes present. We have shown that the merF gene from plasmid pMER327/419 encodes a 8.7 kDa mercury transport protein, by determining in vivo mercury volatilisation when MerF is expressed in the presence of mercuric reductase. We have confirmed that MerC of Tn21 is also a mercuric ion transporter. We have been able to detect interaction of the periplasmic protein MerP only with the MerT transporter, and not with MerF or MerC. Hydropathy analysis led to the prediction of models for MerT, MerC and MerF having three, four and two transmembrane regions respectively. In all three cases one pair of cysteine residues is predicted to be within the inner membrane with a second pair of cysteine residues on the cytoplasmic face, and the second helix contains a proline and at least one charged residue. The mechanisms of mercuric ion transport may be similar in these transporters even though their structures in the membrane differ.
Measurement issues in empirical research: improving measures of operations strategy and advanced manufacturing technology
Authors: Boyer Kenneth K , Pagell Mark
Published: July 2002

Our objective in this paper is to examine measures used in survey‐based research in operations management. Specifically, we examine measures commonly used to assess operations strategy and advanced manufacturing technology in survey‐based research. Examining two measures provides the ability to examine problems common to many of the measures used in operations management research. In addition, the two measures are addressing two different levels of strategic analysis: competitive priorities and a specific structural decision that (should) support these priorities. This should give us a broader understanding of the measurement issues we are facing as a field. We argue that while many of the commonly employed measures display many worthwhile properties, further refinement of measures and methods is needed to improve the field as a whole. Suggestions to improve measures and methods used in the field are then offered.