bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de un proyecto de educación musical intergeneracional en la formación inicial del profesorado: un estudio de caso
Authors: Parejo José-Luis , Cortón-Heras María-O
Published: December 2023

Este artículo analiza la experiencia de un proyecto de educación musical intergeneracional destinado a un grupo de personas mayores dependientes, donde participa alumnado de Educación Primaria, y dirigido por un grupo de estudiantado universitario, futuros maestros y futuras maestras de Música. Numerosos estudios revelan el impacto positivo de la música en las capacidades físicas, cognitivas y emocionales en la etapa de la vejez. Una etapa donde cada vez se concentra un mayor porcentaje de población en situación de vulnerabilidad y exclusión social. A través de una metodología cualitativa, se ha realizado una triangulación de fuentes mediante el empleo de diversas técnicas e instrumentos de recogida de datos: bitácoras, entrevistas, diario de investigación y análisis de documentos. Los resultados revelan que el proyecto, a través de la mediación de la música, ha favorecido el (re)conocimiento de las personas mayores, la mejora de su bienestar y su inclusión social como colectivo. También ha permitido aflorar valores cívicos en los niños y las niñas y en docentes en formación, necesarios para una sociedad más justa e igualitaria. Finalmente, el encuentro entre generaciones ha posibilitado la creación de un espacio para el diálogo, el encuentro y la participación comunitaria.
Música, Sonido y Alfabetización Multimodal: Una Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Roa-Trejo José J. , Pacheco-Costa Alejandra , Cuadrado Francisco
Published: December 2023

La alfabetización multimodal implica el uso de múltiples modos de comunicación en la comprensión y producción de textos. Esta revisión examina el sonido y la música en la investigación sobre alfabetización multimodal, analizando 48 trabajos de las bases de datos Web of Science y Scopus. Identifica métodos y aspectos educativos comunes en los textos y explora cómo se aplica la alfabetización multimodal en entornos académicos. El estudio destaca la versatilidad del modo auditivo, que abarca efectos sonoros, vocalizaciones, música y otros. Sin embargo, algunos estudios limitan el uso del sonido a la "música de fondo", sin profundizar demasiado en su función comunicativa. Esta investigación contribuye a comprender las implicaciones del sonido y su potencial para implicar a los alumnos en una sociedad multimodal.
Type I fiber decrease and ectopic fat accumulation in skeletal muscle from women with PCOS
Authors: Stener-Victorin E , Eriksson G , Mohan Shrestha M , Rodriguez Paris V , Lu H , Banks J , Samad M , Perian C , Jude B , Engman V , Boi R , Nilsson E , Ling C , Nyström J , Wernstedt Asterholm I , Turner N , Lanner J T , Benrick A
Published: December 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome’s (PCOS) main feature is hyperandrogenism, which is linked to a higher risk of metabolic disorders in women. Gene expression analyses in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle reveal dysregulated metabolic pathways in women with PCOS, but these differences do not necessarily lead to changes in protein levels and biological function. To advance our understanding of the molecular alterations in PCOS, we performed global proteomic and phosphorylation site analysis using tandem mass spectrometry. Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle were collected at baseline from 10 women with and without PCOS, and in women with PCOS after 5 weeks of treatment with electrical stimulation. Perilipin-1, a protein that typically coats the surface of lipid droplets in adipocytes, was increased whereas proteins involved in muscle contraction and type I muscle fiber function were downregulated in PCOS muscle. Proteins in the thick and thin filaments had many altered phosphorylation sites, indicating differences in protein activity and function. The upregulated proteins in muscle post treatment were enriched in pathways involved in extracellular matrix organization and wound healing, which may reflect a protective adaptation to repeated contractions and tissue damage due to needling. A similar, albeit less pronounced, upregulation in extracellular matrix organization pathways was also seen in adipose tissue. Our results suggest that hyperandrogenic women with PCOS have higher levels of extramyocellular lipids and fewer oxidative insulin-sensitive type I muscle fibers. These could be key factors leading insulin resistance in PCOS muscle while electric stimulation-induced tissue remodeling may be protective.
Detection of new pioneer transcription factors as cell-type specific nucleosome binders
Authors: Peng Yunhui , Song Wei , Teif Vladimir B. , Ovcharenko Ivan , Landsman David , Panchenko Anna R.
Published: December 2023

Wrapping of DNA into nucleosomes restricts accessibility to the DNA and may affect the recognition of binding motifs by transcription factors. A certain class of transcription factors, the pioneer transcription factors, can specifically recognize their DNA binding sites on nucleosomes, initiate local chromatin opening and facilitate the binding of co-factors in a cell-type-specific manner. For the majority of human pioneer transcription factors, the locations of their binding sites, mechanisms of binding and regulation remain unknown. We have developed a computational method to predict the cell-type-specific ability of transcription factors to bind nucleosomes by integrating ChIP-seq, MNase-seq and DNase- seq data with details of nucleosome structure. We have demonstrated the ability of enrichment scores in discriminating pioneer from canonical transcription factors and predicted new potential pioneer transcription factors in H1, K562, HepG2 and HeLa cell lines. Lastly, we systemically analyzed the interaction modes between various pioneer transcription factors and detected several clusters of distinctive binding sites on nucleosomal DNA.
Cytogenotoxic potential and toxicity in adult Danio rerio (zebrafish) exposed to chloramine T
Authors: Rivero-Wendt Carla Letícia Gediel , Miranda Vilela Ana Luisa , GarciaFernandes Luana , Negreli Santos Andreza , Leal Igor , Jaques Jeandre , Fernandes Carlos Eurico
Published: December 2023

Background

Chloramine-T (CL-T) is a synthetic sodium salt used as a disinfectant in fish farms to combat bacterial infections in fish gills and skin. While its efficacy in pathogen control is well-established, its reactivity with various functional groups has raised concerns. However, limited research exists on the toxicity of disinfection by-products to aquatic organisms. Therefore, this study aims to assess the sublethal effects of CL-T on adult zebrafish by examining biomarkers of nucleus cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, and histopathological changes.

Methods

Male and female adult zebrafish (wildtype AB lineage) specimens were exposed to 70, 140, and 200 mg/L of CL-T and evaluated after 96 h. Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were evaluated by estimating the frequencies of nuclear abnormalities (NA), micronuclei (MN), and integrated optical density (IOD) of nuclear erythrocytes. Histopathological changes in the gills and liver were assessed using the degree of tissue changes (DTC). AChE activity was measured in brain samples.

Results and conclusions

At a concentration of 200 mg/L, NA increased, indicating the cytogenotoxic potential of CL-T in adult zebrafish. Morphological alterations in the nuclei were observed at both 70 and 200 mg/L concentrations. Distinct IOD profiles were identified across the three concentrations. There were no changes in AChE activity in adult zebrafish. The DTC scores were high in all concentrations, and histological alterations suggested low to moderate toxicity of CL-T for adult zebrafish.
The clinical value of the Duke Anesthesia Resistance Scale in predicting postoperative delirium after hip fracture surgery: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Yaya , Jiang Yan’an , Fu Huajun , Zhao Yikang , Xu Zhao
Published: December 2023

Aim

This study aims to investigate the clinical value of the Duke Anesthesia Resistance Scale (DARS) in predicting postoperative delirium (POD) after hip fracture surgery.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted. Clinical data were collected from the patients who had hip fracture and underwent elective total hip arthroplasty in Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between January 2022 and June 2023. The Consciousness Fuzzy Assessment Scale was used to evaluate the occurrence of POD on postoperative day 3 (POD 3). The enrolled patients were divided into the POD group (n = 26) and the non-POD group (n = 125). Baseline characteristics, surgical data, postoperative information, and laboratory test results were collected. DARS scores were calculated using the minimum alveolar concentration, end-tidal concentration average (ETAC), and bispectral index (BIS). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to recognize the independent risk factors for POD after hip fracture surgery. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the value of DARS in POD prediction.

Results

The average age of POD group was significantly higher, comparing to non-POD group (P < 0.05). DARS scores were statistically lower in the POD group compared to non-POD group (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that age and DARS scores were factors impacting post-operative delirium occurrence after hip fracture surgery (P < 0.05). ROC showed that the area under the curve for DARS in predicting POD after hip fracture surgery was 0.929 (95% CI [0.861–0.997]). The optimal cutoff value was 30. The sensitivity was 95.45%, while the specificity was 84.09%.

Conclusion

DARS score demonstrates good predictive value in hip fracture patients and is feasible in clinical practice, making it suitable for clinical application and promotion.
Correlation between Skeletal Malocclusion and the Dimensions of Maxillary and Frontal Sinuses using Lateral Cephalograms: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sil Shiladitya , Selvan Kerthna , Saha Nilanjana , Ghosh Subhankar
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Lateral cephalograms are routinely used in orthodontics for accurate assessment and treatment planning of malocclusion. Paranasal air sinuses, such as the maxillary and frontal sinuses, are visible in the lateral cephalogram. However, a direct correlation between the area of these sinuses and the tendency to develop skeletal discrepancies has not been studied in the literature. Aim: To determine the cephalometric correlation between different skeletal malocclusions and the dimensions of the frontal and maxillary sinuses. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional cephalometric study was conducted at a Tertiary Care Centre in Siliguri district of West Bengal, India. The duration of the study was two years, from August 2019 to September 2021. A total of 150 patients were included and they were divided into three equal groups: skeletal class I (n=50), skeletal class II (n=50), and skeletal class III (n=50). Multiple cephalometric parameters were traced on the radiographs using Dolphin and AutoCAD software, and they were compared among the three groups. The data were analysed using Pearson’s correlation test. Results: The results showed a statistically significant correlation between Maxillary Sinus Area (MSA) and Gonial angle (r=0.468, p=0.001) in skeletal class I malocclusion. In skeletal class II malocclusion, a significant negative correlation was found between Frontal Sinus Area (FSA) and total mandibular length (r=-0.30, p=0.009). However, no significant negative correlation was found between MSA and any cephalometric parameter in skeletal class II malocclusion. Conclusion: The present study highlights there was an increase in the size of the maxillary and frontal sinuses was observed in skeletal class II and skeletal class III malocclusion. However, no correlation could be found between skeletal class I malocclusion and the areas of the frontal sinus.
Mental Health Effects of Online Education among Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Arshad Insha , Maryam Linah , Mendagudali Roopa R , Agarwal Nitish
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Globally, the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID19) pandemic has had a significant impact on the mental health of the general population, including medical students. As part of the control measures, the Government of India implemented a nationwide lockdown, resulting in the closure of medical institutes. However, medical education continued through online teaching platforms, which was a new experience for students and caused them significant stress. Aim: To assess the mental health effects, specifically anxiety and depression disorders, among medical students in Kalaburagi city during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between June 1st and June 30th, 2021, involving four medical colleges in Kalaburagi city: Khaja Banda Nawaz Institute of Medical Sciences (KBNIMS), Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College (MRMC), Government Institute of Medical Sciences (GIMS), and Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College (ESICMC). A total of 261 students were surveyed using prestructured questionnaires that included socio-demographic information, the Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale for anxiety assessment, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale for depression assessment. The questionnaires were prepared using Google Forms and distributed through WhatsApp groups. The data was collected and analysed using International Business Machines (IBM) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Results: Out of the 261 students, 99 (37.9%) reported moderate anxiety symptoms, and 72 (27.6%) reported severe anxiety symptoms. The depression score indicated that 119 (45%) students had moderately severe to severe depression symptoms. Conclusion: The study revealed that online teaching and learning methods had a significant impact on students, leading to a higher prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. These mental health issues may adversely affect learning abilities and preparedness for the future. It is crucial for medical colleges to address these concerns and develop effective interventions to support students during pandemic situations and continuous online teaching.
Vector Autoregressive Model of Maize Production in Northern Region of Ghana
Authors: Rasheed Dawuda , Appiah S. K.
Published: December 2023

Agricultural growth plays a crucial role in the Comprehensive African Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP, 2009) agenda. The program recognizes that increasing agricultural productivity is essential for reducing poverty, meeting food production targets, and lowering production costs and food prices for the impoverished. This study aimed to develop two types of models. The first model employed a vector autoregressive (VAR) approach, which involved regressing the production of maize in one district against the production of maize in other districts at various lags. The second model utilized a VAR framework where the maize production in each district was regressed against the production of maize in other districts and the corresponding climate conditions at different lag periods. The available data spanned from 1968 to 2018 and were recorded on an annual basis. Six climatic variables were included in the analysis. A lag order of 3 was selected for the models. The results of the autocorrelation test using the portmanteau test indicated no serial autocorrelation across all lag periods. The test for normality revealed that the residuals followed a normal distribution. Additionally, there was no evidence of heteroscedasticity in the data. Furthermore, a Granger causality test was conducted on the selected districts to explore causal relationships. Variance decomposition analysis was performed to assess the variance relation in the data and understand the contribution of different factors. Based on adjusted R-squared, mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean squared error (RMSE) values, the models that incorporated climatic variables were found to be the most suitable for forecasting maize production in the selected districts. The VAR model, which captures the interdependencies between the variables, was utilized in this analysis. All variables in the VAR model were treated symmetrically, meaning that their relationships were considered equally important.
Exploring the Sequence of Science Contents in the Intended Primary Curriculum of Bangladesh
Authors: Bain Kalyani
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to explore the sequence of contents in the Primary science curriculum of Bangladesh at the intended level. The current Primary curriculum has been in implementation throughout Bangladesh since 2013 where all the students study ‘Science’ as a unified and compulsory subject at Primary level which consists of grade One to Five. There is no textbook of science for grade One and Two while National Curriculum and Textbook Board (NCTB) has developed teacher-manual for these grades. Science textbooks for grade Three, Four and Five have been developed and distributed by NCTB. The research questions of this study focus on how science contents are sequenced within a chapter of a specific grade and how science contents are sequenced vertically from one grade to another in the curriculum as well as in the textbooks. For conducting this study, qualitative research approach has been followed. Document analysis of the curriculum and textbooks has been done by adapting selected frameworks. A checklist which is based on the works of Print [9] has been used for exploring the principle of sequencing contents while a framework based on Bruner [21], Harden [17] and Johnston [18] has been used for exploring spiral-sequencing. This study finds that the intended Primary science curriculum and textbook is not fully well-organized in terms of sequencing. For sequencing content within a chapter, no principle is followed in most cases while ‘Simple to Complex’ principle has been followed in some cases. For sequencing contents vertically from one grade to another, ‘Simple to Complex’ has been followed or partially followed in most cases whereas no principle is followed in the rest. ‘Spiral sequencing’ is either partially followed or not followed in the curriculum and textbooks. As literatures emphasize on well-sequenced curriculum and textbook for ensuring successful and effective learning, this study recommends that curriculum developers as well as textbook authors may make efforts to make the science contents well-organized in the curriculum and textbooks by following the principles of sequencing.
Writing Competency and Student Participation in Filipino Class: The Mediating Effect of Reading Strategy
Authors: Ayog Jason T. , Oliva Elleine Rose A.
Published: December 2023

Aims: To identify the mediating effect of reading strategy in the relationship between writing competency and student participation in Filipino class.

Study Design: Quantitative non-experimental design.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted among Senior High School Students of Cor Jesu College, Inc., Digos City, Davao del Sur during the school year 2022-2023.

Methodology: The respondents were 310 Senior High School students which were chosen using stratified random sampling. Mean, Pearson r, linear regression, and path analysis were the statistical tools used in the study. Moreover, the data were collected through a survey questionnaire.

Results: Results revealed that the level of students’ writing competency is high. Also, the level of students’ participation in Filipino class and the mediating variable, which is the reading strategy are high. It shows that writing competency and the student’s participation in class have a significant relationship. Furthermore, writing competency and reading strategy, as well as reading strategy and student participation in class have a significant relationship. Therefore, the results show a partial mediation that happened in this study.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that writing competency had a significant effect on students' participation in class, but with the help of a reading strategy, the significant relationship between the two variables mentioned was reduced. In short, the reading strategy helps to reduce the negative effect of writing competency on students' participation in Filipino class.
Characteristics and Management of Pyogenic Liver Abscess: A Rural Senegalese Experience
Authors: Lawson Agbogbenkou Tevi Dela-Dem , Thioub Daouda , Mbengue Ndiaga , Sarr Ndèye Amy , Toure Papa Souleymane , Papa Abdoulaye B. A.  , Diop Sylvie Audrey
Published: December 2023

Background: The incidence of pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) has increased in recent years with the development of digestive surgery, particularly hepatobiliary surgery. In recent decades, progress in diagnostic techniques have improved patient prognosis. In Senegal, there are few studies of PLA. This study was carried out within this context.

Objective: The main objective was to describe the profile and the management of pyogenic liver abscesses cases in rural Senegal.

Results: We collected 17 cases of PLA among 47.553 patients, during the study period, representing a hospital frequency of 0.035%. The mean age of patients was 48.6 ±  18.9. The sex ratio (M/F) was 2:4. Most of the patients (58.82%) had at least one risk factor, the main ones being smoking, a history of abdominal surgery and alcoholism. Right upper abdominal pain was the main reason for consultation (94.11%). Right basithoracic pain and cough were the most frequent respiratory symptoms. Escherichia coli remained the most frequently isolated bacteria. The mean time to diagnosis was 17.8 days ± 14.4. All patients received antibiotic therapy, which was combined with echo-guided liver aspiration in 58.82% cases. Mean hospital stay was 17.5 days ± 7.65. The hospital lethality rate was 29.41%.

Conclusion: Liver abscesses are most often of amoebic origin in our context, but in recent years there has been an increase in cases of pyogenic liver abscesses, with the progress made in diagnosis.
Linear Hybrid Multistep Block Method for Direct Solution of Initial Value Problems of Third Order Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Duromola M. K.  , Kayode S. J.  , Lawal R. S.
Published: December 2023

In this article, we focus on linear hybrid multistep method for direct solution of initial value problems of third order ordinary differential equations without reduction to system of first-order ordinary differential equations. The derivation of the method involved using collocation and interpolation techniques with power series as basis function to produce a system of linear equations. The unknown parameters in the system of equations were obtained through the Gaussian elimination technique. The values of the determined parameters were then substituted and evaluated at different grid and off-grid points to produce the required continuous block method. The discrete scheme obtained from the method is self-starting with improved accuracy and a larger interval of absolute stability. Basic properties of the method were investigated. The results showed that the method is zero stable, consistent , convergent and of order seven. The performance of the method was tested by solving linear and nonlinear problems of general third order ordinary differential equations. The result were found to compare favourably with some existing methods in literature.
Studies of Skewness, Kurtosis and Transgressive Segregants in F2:3 Populations of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L.)
Authors: Hussainbi  , Khan H.  , Arunkumar B.  , Tembhurne B. V.  , Anand P. P.
Published: December 2023

The present investigation was carried out to study gene action and pattern of inheritance of different traits in cowpea. Two different F3 segregating generation of crosses viz., VBN-1 × RC-19 and KBC-9 × PGCP-6 were studied during summer 2021 using augmented random block design at College of Agriculture, Kalaburagi. Data were recorded on 10 different quantitative traits. Transgressive segregants with values exceeding the better parent were observed in both the F2:3 populations for seed yield. In both the populations, negative skewness was observed for days to initiation of flowering, days to physiological maturity and number of pods/plant whereas test weight exhibited positive skewness suggesting a mild and intense selection would be sufficient to gain maximum genetic-gain in negatively and positively skewed traits, respectively. In both the F2:3 populations, positive kurtosis was observed for number of branches / plant, test weight and dry matter content/plant indicating that these traits are governed by fewer numbers of genes.
Isolation and Cultural, Morphological Characterization of Sclerotium rolfsii Causing Seedling Blight in Rice
Authors: Talluri Kiran Babu , Ramakrishna A.  , Varma N. R. G.  , Aravind K.  , Raghu Rami Reddy P.
Published: December 2023

In Telangana state, India, around June 2021, the seedling blight of rice was seen in nursery beds 10 days after sowing (DAS). Sclerotium rolfsii was the disease's causative agent. Infected plant samples were gathered in farmer's paddy nurseries in the Telangana state of India during kharif 2021 as part of the Rice Production Oriented Survey (POS) in farmer fields in Katkur (Village), Akkannapeta (Mandal), Siddipet (District). The farmer uses a seed called PAN 152 from a private company. The affected rice seedlings showed the typical signs of soft rot, yellowing and white cottony mould growth. Spherical-shaped dark brown sclerotial bodies were also seen in the basal stem region of the infected seedlings. Cultural and morphological identification was done for identifying the microbe.
The Future of Rice Farming: A Review of Natural and Eco-Friendly Practices
Authors: Mali Madhu , Meghalatha Kammara , Anuradha Kadapala , Kumar Vikky , Lakshmi P. Hema Prasanthi , Karmakar Sumit , Lakra Divya Shalini , Rudraboyina Sai Kiran , Akanand  , Chandrakar Gajendra
Published: December 2023

Recognizing rice as a staple for a significant global population, the review underscores the environmental challenges posed by traditional and conventional rice farming methods. It emphasizes the promise of sustainable rice cultivation, focusing on innovations like the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and climate-friendly techniques that mitigate environmental impacts. Furthermore, it delves into the benefits of crop rotation, sustainable water management, soil health preservation through mycorrhizal associations, companion planting, and the role of precision agriculture empowered by artificial intelligence. The abstract discusses the challenges, including climate change, water scarcity, soil health, and labor shortages, and proposes prospects involving innovation, sustainable practices, policy support, and collaborative partnerships. It highlights real-world successes in eco-friendly rice farming, such as initiatives, and emphasizes the importance of empowering farmers through education and training in eco-friendly methods. Ultimately, role of eco-friendly practices in ensuring the sustainability, productivity, and food security of global rice farming.
Multidimensional Scope, Current Status, Uses and Contribution of Green Gold Bamboo: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Nishtha  , Thakur Ajay , Yadav Shambhavi , Meena R. K. , Kumar Sanket , Shinde Chetan , Saha Sajal , Kumar Kishan , Rani Komal , Singh Parminder
Published: December 2023

Bamboo is a versatile group of fastest growing plant which is capable of providing ecological, economical, environmental and livelihood security to the people. The study investigates uses, contribution, scope of the green gold plant bamboo. The review of this study showed that bamboo has evolved into a highly valuable and superior plant which serves for food, fodder and many more also bamboo-based products have the potential to replace wood, plastics in a variety of industrial uses without harming the nature by maintaining sustainability. So in this review paper comprehensive overview of the recent literatures about multidimensional scope of bamboo in form of its greatest potential is being discussed.
An Overview of Different Fruit Crop Models in the last 40 Years to Date with Their Main Uses
Authors: Shukoor Amina , Jain Shikha , Maurya Poonam , Laya P.  , Anusha Chukamettu , Anagha P. K.  , Amulya S.  , Akhila B. S.  , Kiran Bhargav , Kothiyal Kiran
Published: December 2023

Horticulture is a versatile field which encompasses a plethora of day to day strategic decisions like varietal selection, optimisation of resources, understanding the mechanisms of the phenology, identification of plant invaders both in the micro and macro level, wise and judicious use of plant protectants, yield prediction & assessment, post harvesting & handling, strategic way of understanding the pulse of consumer’s popular demands and efficient way of marketing. Fruit trees are perennial unlike annual vegetable and cereal crops where there is a high prerequisite for efficient modelling of canopy architecture, photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, pest forecasting etc where the ill-effects of climate change are bringing out huge losses in the existing germplasm, annual turnover of the farmers and emergence of unheard pests and diseases. An invincible foresight or preparedness against such vagaries can be brought out by efficient modelling mechanisms combining the physiology, phenology and vital requirements of fruit trees with the interacting ecosystem of the land where it is present. Extrapolating such models from the local level to a general situations always gives fruitful results and it further aids in strengthening the present protocols. With the advancement of machine learning and deep learning in precision agriculture, problems of farmers and orchardists are being solved at a faster pace with the help of sensors in identification of problems and its alleviation using fast and error-free processing at pre-harvesting, harvesting and post-harvesting stages of fruit crops. In fact it is also one of the major concerns among people regarding the complete replacement of human power in the crucial decision support systems for agriculture and farming.
Sustainable and Climate Smart Agriculture for Food Security: A Review
Authors: Haldar Nitesh , Rinitta Pearlin A.
Published: December 2023

This review provides an in-depth examination of the principles, practices, and challenges associated with sustainable and climate-smart agriculture. Sustainable agriculture, with its focus on soil health, biodiversity, water management, and reduced chemical inputs, is crucial for meeting current food production needs while preserving resources for future generations. Climate Smart Agriculture builds upon sustainability by emphasizing climate adaptation and mitigation strategies, including climate-resilient crop selection, greenhouse gas reduction, and technology integration.
However, several challenges hinder the widespread adoption of these practices. Indian  Farmers often lack knowledge and resources, while financial constraints and policy barriers pose significant hurdles. Additionally, climate variability and market access issues further complicate the transition to sustainable and climate-smart agriculture.
Efforts to address these challenges require comprehensive education and training programs, supportive policies, financial incentives, and increased collaboration among governments, NGOs, and the private sector. Achieving sustainable and Climate Smart Agriculture is crucial for ensuring food security and resilience in the face of climate change.
A Cross-National Comparison of curricula in China and the US in Terms of Team Education: The Case of One-Dimensional Equation
Authors: Zhu Shiqian , Kang Qianqian
Published: December 2023

Based on the STEAM concept, researchers study the two representative secondary school mathematics textbooks in China and America by using a quantitative analysis method and get the following conclusions: similarities: both textbooks embody the concept of STEAM education, focusing on the breadth of knowledge covered by the textbooks; both textbooks focus on the integration of disciplines, especially on the integration of mathematics and science and technology. Differences: The focus of the two countries’ textbooks is different. The Chinese PEP textbook emphasizes the knowledge of history and environmental engineering, while the American GMH textbook is more diversified and covers a wider range of knowledge and culture, reflecting the distinctive national characteristics of the two countries; the Chinese PEP textbook has a deeper depth of knowledge as a whole, while the depth of knowledge of the American GMH textbook about engineering is deeper than that of the PEP textbook; the Chinese PEP textbook pays more attention to the integration of technology in the mathematics textbook. China's PEP materials place more emphasis on the integration of technical subject knowledge in math materials, while American materials place more emphasis on the integration of engineering knowledge and art knowledge in math materials. By analyzing and evaluating the integration of STEAM concepts into junior high school mathematics textbooks in two countries, this study provides implications for mathematics education researchers and workers, especially textbook developers and writers, in this direction of research.
Preliminary study of bone repair in a non-critical defect after the implantation of wollastonite and tricalcium phosphate granules
Authors: Santos Carmelita de Freitas , Silva Felipe Chaimsohn Gonçalves da , Ribeiro Iorrana Índira dos Anjos , Silva Ana Maria Guerreiro Braga da , Carrodeguas Raúl García , Miguel Fúlvio Borges , Barreto Isabela Cerqueira
Published: December 2023

Introdução: a bioengenharia tecidual é uma área multidisciplinar que busca desenvolver novas técnicas e biomateriais que substituam o tecido ósseo lesionado ou estimulem a regeneração óssea. Os biomateriais cerâmicos constituem uma alternativa promissora devido à biocompatibilidade, osteocondutividade, bioatividade e biorreabsorção. Nesse contexto, a associação das cerâmicas wollastonita e fosfato tricálcico resulta em um biomaterial compósito com propriedades osteogênicas superiores em relação a seus constituintes, quando utilizados de forma isolada. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar histomorfologicamente a fase inicial do reparo de defeito ósseo não crítico após a implantação de grânulos de wollastonita (W) e β-fosfato tricálcico (β-TCP), em diferentes proporções. Metodologia: dezoito animais foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em três grupos experimentais, compostos por seis animais em cada: i) W60 – grupo com grânulos de 60 % de W e 40% de β-TCP, em defeito ósseo não crítico; ii) T20 – grupo com grânulos de 80% de W e 20% de β-TCP, em defeito ósseo não crítico; III) GC – grupo de controle, sem implantação de biomateriais no defeito ósseo não crítico. E foram avaliados após 15 dias de pós-operatório. Resultados: a análise histológica evidenciou, aos 15 dias, discreta neoformação óssea reparativa, restrita às bordas, inflamação crônica granulomatosa moderada, com escassas células gigantes multinucleadas, preenchimento do defeito com grânulos por toda a extensão e formação de tecido conjuntivo frouxo de permeio aos biomateriais. Conclusão: os compósitos de W/β-TCP avaliados neste estudo, no ponto biológico de 15 dias, foram biocompatíveis, osteocondutores e bioativos, o que indica elevado potencial para uso como substitutos ósseos.
Comparação de técnicas de avaliação do colágeno em secções histológicas de ratos submetidos a radioterapia
Authors: Cella Hortência Resende dos Santos Della , Figueiredo Maria Antonia Zancanaro de , Martins Gabriela Botelho
Published: December 2023

Introdução: o colágeno é uma proteína fibrosa que participa de diversos processos fisiológicos e patológicos. Dada sua importância, a avaliação desse componente tem sido de grande relevância em variadas pesquisas biológicas. Objetivo: verificar a concordância entre métodos quantitativos na análise do colágeno em secções teciduais histológicas. Metodologia: trata-se de estudo experimental, que utilizou secções teciduais coradas em Sirius Vermelho de 28 ratos Wistar, pertencentes a dois grupos experimentais, com animais submetidos à radioterapia, sem G1 ou com G2, e com úlcera produzida em dorso lingual para avaliação do reparo tecidual. Foram estabelecidos dois métodos para comparação das técnicas de avaliação do colágeno: morfometria por contagem manual de pontos com duas grades (320 e 588 pontos), e morfometria por segmentação de cor. Foram utilizados testes não paramétricos Mann Whitney, para as comparações entre os grupos, e Friedman e Nemenyi, para as comparações entre as técnicas. O teste de correlação de Pearson foi usado para avaliar a quantidade de colágeno entre os métodos. O nível de significância foi de 5%. Resultados: em ambos os grupos experimentais houve correlação significativa entre a quantidade de colágeno avaliada pela técnica de 320 e 588 pontos. Nos dois grupos, a porcentagem de colágeno foi significativamente maior quando avaliada pela técnica de 588 pontos do que pela técnica por segmentação por cor (p<0,05). No grupo G2, houve correlação significativa entre a quantidade de colágeno avaliada pela técnica de 588 pontos e por segmentação por cor (p<0,05). Pelas técnicas de 588 pontos e segmentação por cor, a quantidade de colágeno foi significativamente maior no grupo com lesão (p<0,05). Conclusão: ainda que alguns resultados tenham se mostrado semelhantes entre as técnicas de contagem de pontos com grade de 588 pontos e segmentação por cor, os dados sugerem que a técnica de 588 pontos é mais eficaz na quantificação do colágeno.
Cirurgia parendodôntica – técnica de curetagem e alisamento radicular
Authors: Rasquin Leonardo Silva , Araújo Danilo Barral de
Published: December 2023

Introdução: a cirurgia parendodôntica é um procedimento fundamental para o tratamento de lesões periapicais refratárias que não responderam às terapias endodônticas convencionais. Essa abordagem busca eliminar infecções persistentes e promover a neoformação óssea, possibilitando a restauração da saúde bucal e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A técnica cirúrgica de curetagem e alisamento radicular (CAR) tem se destacado como uma modalidade eficiente nesse contexto. Objetivo: esta revisão de literatura tem como objetivo analisar estudos que investigaram a eficácia da técnica de curetagem e alisamento radicular na cirurgia parendodôntica, com foco em avaliar sua efetividade na cicatrização periapical, controle de infecção e taxa de sucesso do tratamento. Metodologia: esta revisão de literatura foi conduzida de acordo com uma metodologia narrativa para identificar estudos relevantes sobre a eficácia da técnica de curetagem e alisamento radicular em cirurgia parendodôntica. A estratégia de busca incluiu as principais bases de dados científicas, como PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, com artigos publicados nos últimos 05 anos. Resultados: os estudos analisados nesta revisão indicaram que a técnica de curetagem e alisamento radicular demonstrou ser eficaz na remoção de tecidos inflamados e contaminados no ápice da raiz. Houve uma melhora significativa na cicatrização periapical e no controle de infecção em pacientes submetidos a esse procedimento. Conclusão: com base nas evidências disponíveis, a técnica de curetagem e alisamento radicular mostra-se uma abordagem promissora na cirurgia parendodôntica. A remoção adequada de tecidos inflamados e contaminados no ápice da raiz contribui para a cicatrização periapical e o controle da infecção, resultando em uma alta taxa de sucesso do tratamento.
Perfil clínico-funcional de pacientes pediátricos vítimas de trauma e admitidos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Santos Luís Artur Santiago dos , Fonsêca Mirna Marques da , Correia Helena França
Published: December 2023

Introdução: Trauma é um dano causado por exposição, de maneira exacerbada, a concentrações energéticas que ultrapassam a linha de tolerância, ou a fatores que afetem a energia do indivíduo. Apesar de os traumas infantis acontecerem de forma casual, há, no mundo, um importante crescimento da morbimortalidade envolvendo crianças. A hospitalização de crianças, como resultante de trauma e, principalmente, a gravidade do quadro que levou à necessidade de admissão em terapia intensiva podem gerar uma série de impactos para a manutenção e o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor desses indivíduos. Objetivo: analisar o perfil clínico-funcional da admissão de pacientes pediátricos vítimas de trauma em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI). Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo transversal com crianças e adolescentes vítimas de trauma, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 29 dias e 18 anos incompletos. A investigação das alterações funcionais foi realizada quando da admissão na UTI por meio dos escores da Functional Status Scale (FSS), que é composta por seis domínios: estado mental, sensório, comunicação, função motora, alimentação e respiração. Resultados: um total de 90 crianças e adolescentes internados na UTI, que permaneceram por, no mínimo, 24 horas, foram selecionados. Desses, três pacientes não atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e dois apresentavam distúrbio neuromotor prévio e não foram incluídos, permanecendo 85 pacientes na amostra. O perfil clínico da amostra foi: maioria do sexo masculino, com mediana de idade 7,0 (7,0-11,5) anos, internados predominantemente por politraumatismo contuso com limitação funcional muito grave (40%). Conclusão: a maioria das crianças e adolescentes internados na UTI devido a trauma são do sexo masculino, com idade pré-escolar e com histórico de independência funcional prévia, porém apresentando importantes limitações funcionais na admissão.
Associação entre risco cirúrgico e variáveis clínicas nopós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica
Authors: Silva Pablo Calmon Alves , Sampaio Laís Fernanda Duarte , Correia Helena França
Published: December 2023

Introdução: o escore de risco ajustado para cirurgia cardíaca congênita (RACHS-1) estratifica o risco de mortalidade associado a esse procedimento operatório. Apesar da importância do RACHS, há uma escassez de dados sobre a associação desse escore com outras variáveis relacionadas ao procedimento. O conhecimento da capacidade preditiva do escore de risco cirúrgico pode auxiliar no norteamento de condutas e no prognóstico de crianças no pós- operatório (PO) de cirurgia cardíaca (CC). Objetivo: verificar a associação entre o risco cirúrgico e variáveis clínicas no PO de cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo transversal, com crianças no PO de CC, de ambos os sexos, de 0 a 18 anos incompletos. Foi utilizado o escore RACHS-1 para classificar o risco cirúrgico de 1 a 6, em que, quanto maior a categoria, maior risco de óbito. As variáveis coletadas foram: tempo de circulação extracorpórea (CEC) e anóxia, quantidade e presença de complicações clínicas no PO, complicações pulmonares, tempo de ventilação mecânica (VM), desmame difícil, falha de extubação, tempo de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI), tempo de internação hospitalar e óbito. Resultados: a amostra foi composta de 65 crianças, com mediana de idade de 12 (6-72) meses, sendo 58,5% do sexo masculino. Ao avaliar o risco cirúrgico no PO de CC foi observada uma correlação positiva moderada quanto ao tempo de CEC e anóxia e uma correlação positiva fraca com o tempo de VM, tempo de UTI, tempo de internamento hospitalar e quantidade de complicações clínicas. As crianças com complicações clínicas, tempo de VM acima de 24h e desmame difícil apresentaram maior r risco cirúrgico. Conclusão: houve correlação positiva entre o risco cirúrgico e variáveis clínicas, demonstrando algum poder preditivo do RACHS-1 para variáveis que podem impactar no prognóstico de crianças com cardiopatias congênitas submetidas a cirurgia cardíaca.
Dentifrícios dessensibilizantes
Authors: Torres Vívian Santos , Torres Érica Santana Sena , Campos Elisângela de Jesus
Published: December 2023

Introdução: a hipersensibilidade dentinária (HD) é caracterizada por uma dor aguda e rápida em resposta a diferentes estímulos, causada pela exposição da dentina e abertura dos túbulos dentinários. Os agentes dessensibilizantes são indicados para seu tratamento atuando no bloqueio da transmissão do impulso nervoso ou obliterando os túbulos dentinários. Os dentifrícios dessensibilizantes representam uma forma de tratamento simples e autoaplicado. Objetivo: identificar os principais agentes dessensibilizantes presentes nos dentifrícios para HD comercializados na cidade de Salvador (BA), analisando as informações qualitativas e quantitativas presentes nas embalagens. Metodologia: foi realizada a análise das embalagens dos dentifrícios para HD disponíveis em farmácias e hipermercados, localizadas na cidade de Salvador (BA) e em sites e aplicativos de compra on-line. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: foram encontrados 20 dentifrícios para HD; 40% (n=8) deles continham agentes de ação neural e 60% (n=12) apresentavam agentes obliteradores. A análise da rotulagem demonstrou que a associação entre o tipo de fluoreto e o abrasivo era compatível, bem como a concentração dos fluoretos para garantir o efeito anticárie. Apelos publicitários foram identificados em 95% (n=19) dos dentifrícios. Conclusão: os dentifrícios para hipersensibiliade avaliados apresentaram diferenças quanto à composição e aos agentes terapêuticos, sendo mais frequente a presença de agentes obliteradotres, NaF e MFP, assegurando, assim, os efeitos dessensibilizante e anticárie às formulações. A prescrição de dentifrícios para HD deve ser criteriosa e feita com cautela, pois esses produtos atuam apenas no controle da dor, e não na sua causa.
Trends in Before Medically Advised Discharges for Patients With Opioid Use Disorder, 2016-2020
Authors: Thakrar Ashish P. , Lowenstein Margaret , Greysen S. Ryan , Delgado M. Kit
Published: December 2023

This study examines discharge trends for opioid-related admissions from 2016-2020 with a focus on admissions with opioid use disorder and an injection-related infection.
A 52-Year-Old With Painful Fingertips
Authors: Oka Hideki , Sumitomo Shuji , Ohmura Koichiro
Published: December 2023

A patient had cold, cyanotic fingertips with small ulcerations. Laboratory testing showed leukocytosis, eosinophilia, and elevated D-dimer level; results of tests for antinuclear antibodies, antiphospholipid antibodies, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies against proteinase 3 and myeloperoxidase, and HIV were negative. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?
Mitigating the Burden of Medication Costs
Authors: Sandhu Sahil , Patel Nikitha R. , Horn Daniel M.
Published: December 2023

This essay discusses medication cost−lowering strategies that clinicians can use in routine clinical and inpatient care to assist patients in affording and adhering to expensive therapy regimens.
Time-Series Analysis of First-Time Pediatric Speech Delays From 2018 to 2022
Authors: Goodwin Cartwright Brianna M. , Smits Peter D. , Stewart Sarah , Rodriguez Patricia J. , Gratzl Samuel , Baker Charlotte , Stucky Nicholas
Published: December 2023

This cohort study evaluates changes in pediatric speech delay diagnoses before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.