bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis on the Effects of Different Receiver Structures and Porous Parameters on the Volumetric Effects and Heat Transfer Performance of Porous Volumetric Solar Receiver
Authors: Li Tao , Xie Lingtian , Zhao Boyang , Shen Wenran , Liu Yun
Published: February 2023

The volumetric solar receiver is an important heat transfer component of the concentrated solar power (CSP) system. Moreover, in order to improve the absorption of concentrated solar radiation, the porous media are widely used in volumetric solar receiver. In recent years, many studies were concerned with the effects of porosity, pore number density and size, Reynolds number, and Darcy number on heat and flow performance in volumetric solar receiver. However, there are few studies on the effects of structure type and geometric parameters on the volumetric effects and the radiation characteristics of a porous volumetric solar receiver with nonuniform heat flux boundary condition. In this contribution, in order to analyze the effects of structures on the volumetric effects and heat transfer performance, we design six types of porous volumetric receiver structures, whereas the volume of different structures keeps consistent. Then, we apply the local non-thermal-equilibrium model and also consider the effect of structure shape on the concentrating solar radiation transport characteristic. Furthermore, we apply the Gaussian distribution model (GDM) to simulate the actual nonuniform heat flux boundary condition. The result shows that drum-type structure (RT-III) has the best heat transfer performance among the six structures; e.g., the outlet average temperature of fluid is up to 851 K when the pore size and porosity of porous media are 2 mm and 0.7, respectively, which is 41 K increased than the scaled cone-type structure. In addition, the pore diameter has less influence on the outlet temperature of fluid, but it has greater influence on the pressure drop. The contribution can provide a reference for this type of solar receiver design and reconstruction.
Median Effective Dose of an Etomidate-Propofol Mixture with Dezocine in Inhibiting the Response to Gastroscope Insertion: Gender Differences in a Randomized Controlled Study Using Dixon’s Up-and-Down Method
Authors: Shuyi Tang , Zhongqi Zhang , Yuling Zheng , Yafei Xu , Huibo Li , Yuqi Su , Yiwen Zhang
Published: February 2023

What Is Known and Objective. Appropriate doses of sedatives are crucial for a successful, painless upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Hence, we conducted a randomized controlled study to explore the effects of dezocine on the median effective dose (ED50) of the etomidate-propofol (E-P) mixture in prohibiting response to gastroscope insertion in patients of different genders. Methods. Patients aged 18–65 years enrolled in the study of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) with physical status I or II undergoing elective gastroscopy were included. Patients were randomly assigned to the male normal saline group (MS group), male dezocine group (MD group), female normal saline group (FS group), and female dezocine group (FD group). All patients were anesthetized with an E-P mixture of 1 : 1. The FD and MD groups were intravenously injected (i.v.) 50 µg/kg dezocine 5 min before anesthesia, while the FS and MS groups were injected with an equal volume of normal saline 5 min before anesthesia. According to the preexperiment, the initial dose of the E-P mixture for the FD and MD groups was 0.4 and 0.3 mL/kg for the FS and MS groups. The variation proportion was set as 0.9 between dosages. Dixon’s up-and-down method was adopted to confirm the dose of the E-P mixture for the next patient, which was reduced if the insertion was performed successfully; otherwise, the dose was increased. Centered isotonic regression was employed to determine the ED50 and 90% confidence interval (CI) values of the E-P mixture in the four groups. The total amount of E-P mixture consumed was recorded as well as the adverse events of patients. Results. The ED50 and 90% CI of the MS, MD, FS, and FD groups were 0.315 (0.285–0.349), 0.206 (0.175–0.237), 0.329 (0.305–0.355), and 0.207 (0.188–0.227) mL/kg, respectively. The MD group was <MS group (

P
≤
0.001

), and the FD group was <FS group (

P
≤
0.001

); no statistical difference was observed between the MS and FS groups and MD and FD groups. Dezocine reduced the total amount of E-P mixture consumed and the overall incidence of adverse events. What Is New and Conclusion. Dezocine significantly decreased the ED50 of the E-P mixture in inhibiting the response of patients to gastroscope insertion and the occurrence rate of adverse events. Further, gender had no impact on the ED50 of the E-P mixture.
A Review of the GSTM1 Null Genotype Modifies the Association between Air Pollutant Exposure and Health Problems
Authors: Nugrahaningsih Dwi Aris Agung , Wihadmadyatami Hevi , Widyarini Sitarina , Wijayaningsih Rahmi Ayu
Published: February 2023

Air pollution is one of the significant environmental risks known as the cause of premature deaths. It has deleterious effects on human health, including deteriorating respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous, and endocrine functions. Exposure to air pollution stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the body, which can further cause oxidative stress. Antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1), are essential to prevent oxidative stress development by neutralizing excess oxidants. When the antioxidant enzyme function is lacking, ROS can accumulate and, thus, cause oxidative stress. Genetic variation studies from different countries show that GSTM1 null genotype dominates the GSTM1 genotype in the population. However, the impact of the GSTM1 null genotype in modifying the association between air pollution and health problem is not yet clear. This study will elaborate on GSTM1’s null genotype role in modifying the relationship between air pollution and health problems.
Influence of SiO2 Filler Addition on the Types I and II Shear Fracture Toughness of Hemp Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Mixtures
Authors: Natrayan L. , Surakasi Raviteja , Heaven Dani M. S. , Patil Pravin P. , Manikandan T. , Mannan K. Tamil , Chewaka Muse Degefe
Published: February 2023

Natural fiber composites are now more costly than traditional building materials. Currently, industries are moving from traditional materials to natural fiber composites, and the price of natural fiber should be reduced through greater utilization of industrial production. This work aims to determine how matrix alteration affects the interlaminar characteristics of a hemp fiber-reinforced epoxy composite containing nano silicon oxide particles. Interlaminar modulus of rupture in Types I and II is assessed using dual cantilevered beams and end-notched deformation testing samples. Mechanical mixing and sonication are used to blend nanoscale SiO2 (30 nm) into the resin at concentrations of 0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 wt%. The composites were made using the compression molding method. The composites were tested according to the American Society for Testing and Materials standards after manufacturing. The findings show that adding nanoparticles enhances interlaminar toughness values. Interlaminar fracture toughness improved by 20.25% and 30.35% for 0.4 wt% SiO2, respectively. The fiber matrix interaction and failure causes are examined using scanning electron microscope images.
A Compact and Broadband Magic Tee with Waveguide Filter for Ka-Band System
Authors: Jang Youna , Choi Yuseong , Choi Jin-Woo , Ahn Dal
Published: February 2023

In this letter, we propose and fabricate a waveguide Magic Tee with waveguide filter for Ka-band system. The proposed Magic Tee has a reduced

z

-axis arm, which must typically be long for impedance matching at the input port. A bridge iris is inserted at port 4 for signal application. The

z

-axis arm at port 4 is significantly shortened by the impedance matching tuning through the iris that is normally uses to connect the adaptor. Thus, the dimension of the proposed Magic Tee is reduced to

7.12
×
10
×
3.6
 
m

m

3

, and the insertion loss shows good performance of 0.9 dB by applying the impedance matching tuning. The proposed Magic Tee also contains a 7th waveguide filter, which is used to verify the signal division performance. The results of excitation at each port of the Magic Tee show insertion loss less than 4.5 dB and return loss of over 18 dB.
Effects of Iron and Vitamin C on Growth Performance, Iron Utilization, Antioxidant Capacity, Nonspecific Immunity, and Disease Resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis)
Authors: Song Ying , Cai Xinyu , Bu Xianyong , Liu Shubin , Song Mingqi , Yang Yiwen , Wang Xiaodan , Shi Qingchao , Qin Jianguang , Chen Liqiao
Published: February 2023

Iron is an essential trace element with an abroad physiological function, and iron deficiency can impair animal health. Vitamin C (VC) has the potential to release iron from diets and increase iron uptake. This study evaluates the effects of dietary iron and vitamin C on the growth performance, iron utilization, antioxidant capacity, and nonspecific immunity of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). Juvenile E. sinensis (

1.14
±
0.01
 
g

) were fed six diets supplemented with three levels of iron (41.40, 92.25, and 143.00 mg/kg), and each iron level supplemented either 4.33 mg/kg or 700.90 mg/kg of vitamin C for 8 weeks. Crabs fed 41.40 mg/kg of iron diet had the lowest weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) and had the highest feed conversion rate (FCR) regardless of dietary vitamin C levels. Dietary 700.90 mg/kg of vitamin C improved WG and SGR but decreased FCR when the diets were supplemented with 41.40 and 143.00 mg/kg of iron (

P
<
0.05

). Dietary 700.90 mg/kg of vitamin C significantly improved the expression levels of divalent metal ion transporter 1, ferroportin, and iron regulation protein in the intestine and hepatopancreas when supplemented with 92.25 and 143.00 mg/kg of iron (

P
<
0.05

) and enhanced the transferrin content in hemolymph and iron deposition in the hepatopancreas when supplemented with 92.25 and 143.00 mg/kg of iron (

P
<
0.05

). Crabs fed the diet supplemented with 41.40 mg/kg of iron had the highest malondialdehyde content and the lowest superoxide dismutase activity in the hepatopancreas. Dietary 700.90 mg/kg of vitamin C supplementation also increased the acid phosphatase and bacteriolytic activity when diets were supplemented with 41.40 and 143.00 mg/kg of iron (

P
<
0.05

). In addition, crabs fed 143.00 mg/kg of iron and 700.90 mg/kg of vitamin C diet had the highest survival rate after the Aeromonas hydrophila challenge. This study demonstrates that dietary 700.90 mg/kg of vitamin C could promote iron absorption and utilization, thereby increasing the growth, immunity, and disease resistance of E. sinensis.
The Impact of COVID-19 Vaccines on Male Semen Parameters: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Leisegang Kristian , Finelli Renata , Moungala Lionel , Moichela Faith , Pearce Keenau , Ramasamy Ranjith , Henkel Ralf
Published: February 2023

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the development of adequate vaccines. Despite vaccines being demonstrated to be safe and effective for preventing severe disease and death, vaccine hesitancy remains. Reasons include concerns over adverse effects on male fertility, which have not been widely investigated. Therefore, this study is aimed at determining the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on semen parameters in a retrospective cohort study of South African males undergoing fertility assessment. The patients for this study were adult men who have previously undergone routine semen analysis for fertility assessment at Androcryos Andrology Laboratory (Johannesburg, South Africa) between March 2021 and March 2022. They also received vaccination within 3 months following a semen analysis and underwent a second semen analysis any time post-COVID-19 vaccination. From 277 records analysed, 46 patients met the inclusion criteria, receiving the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b1) (63%), Johnson and Johnson (JNJ-78436735/Ad26.COV2S) (34.8%), and the AstraZeneca (AZD1222) (2.2%) vaccines. Sperm concentration significantly increased postvaccination (

P
=
0.0001

), with no significant changes in semen pH, volume, total sperm count, progressive motility, normal sperm morphology, or chromatin condensation. Results were not influenced by age, type of vaccine received, and the number of days following vaccination, as depicted by multiple regression analysis. In conclusion, there is no evidence of a negative impact of COVID-19 vaccination on male semen parameters, which is consistent with the emerging literature on COVID-19 vaccination and male fertility. COVID-19 vaccinations should not be dismissed based on fear of adverse effects on male fertility parameters.
Effects of Dietary Arginine Level on Growth Performance and Immune Response in Monopterus albus
Authors: Huo Huanhuan , Peng Mo , Yu Mingjin , Zhang Yazhou , Xiong Liufeng , Zhou Qiubai
Published: February 2023

To assess the dietary arginine requirement of Monopterus albus (21 ± 0.03 g), we compared six diets containing different arginine levels (2.03%, 2.58%, 3.16%, 3.63%, 4.24%, and 4.88%). The results revealed that dietary arginine content had a significant effect on weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), IL-1β, IL-10, lysozyme, and complement C3 activity in Monopterus albus (

p
<
0.05

). The WG and SGR increased with increasing dietary arginine levels, and the regression analysis found that the optimum dietary arginine level for growth of rice field eel was 4.28–4.35% of the dry diet. However, the C3 and LZM activities peaked in the 2.58% arginine diet group (

p
<
0.05

). The dietary arginine level had no significant effect on the viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, condition factor, survival rate, nitric oxide, total nitric oxide synthase, insulin, growth hormone, trypsin, lipase, or amylase activities (

p
>
0.05

). Arginine can significantly promote Monopterus albus growth; however, the immunity of Monopterus albus decreases as the arginine level exceeds 2.58%. A comprehensive assessment of growth and immunity recommends the optimum arginine level for Monopterus albus was 3.16–3.63% of the dry diet, corresponding to 6.58–7.70% of the dietary protein.
Lifestyle and Violence among Dating in University Students
Authors: Arredondo Provecho Ana Belén , Cid-Expósito María-Gema , Losa-Iglesias Marta , Corral-Liria Inmaculada
Published: February 2023

Purpose. The aim of the study is to analyse the relationship between the lifestyle of university students in relation to the violence they exert or receive. Design and Method. A cross‐sectional descriptive study of young university students with a current or recent partner was conducted. Their lifestyle was analysed by administering a questionnaire that included the Multidimensional Scale of Dating Violence. Findings. The percentage of women in both roles was higher but that of an unhealthy lifestyle (use of tobacco, alcohol, or other drugs, as well as sexual intercourse without condoms) favours violence, regardless of gender. Practice Implications. It is essential to develop training programs that educate young people about equality and healthy lifestyles to create healthy relationships and prevent violence in them.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties for Epoxy Resin in Nano Composite Diffusion
Authors: Bharadwaja K. , Srinivasa Rao Sreeram , Babu Rao T. , Pydi Hari Prasadarao
Published: February 2023

This research work developed a method for the analysis of epoxy matrix nanocomposites used in epoxy resin with the incorporation of Al2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticles. The different tests were performed in order to derive the mechanical characteristics and wear properties of Al2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticles. The mixing is performed using an ultrasound process where the nanoparticles are mixed with the resin for a homogeneous diffusion. The strengths observed for the nanocomposite were higher for bending and impact strength because of the Al2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticle incorporation. The wear rate and friction coefficient is observed to be reduced due to the incorporation of Al2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticles into the epoxy resin. This characteristic has a significant benefit of using Al2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticles for loading conditions. The effects of Al2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticles were more effective in epoxy resin, which were more effectively been derived by reinforcing methods.
Graphene-Based Materials in Dental Applications: Antibacterial, Biocompatible, and Bone Regenerative Properties
Authors: Williams A. G. , Moore E. , Thomas A. , Johnson J. A.
Published: February 2023

Graphene-based materials have been shown to have advantageous properties in biomedical and dental applications due to their high mechanical, physiochemical, antibacterial, and stem cell differentiating properties. Although graphene-based materials have displayed appropriate biocompatible properties when used in implant materials for orthopedic applications, little research has been performed to specifically test the biocompatibility of graphene for dental applications. The oral environment, compared to the body, varies greatly and must be considered when evaluating biocompatibility requirements for dental applications. This review will discuss in vitro and in vivo studies that assess graphene’s cytotoxicity, antibacterial properties, and cell differentiation ability to evaluate the overall biocompatibility of graphene-based materials for dental applications. Particle shape, size, and concentration were found to be major factors that affected overall biocompatibility of graphene.
Supplementation of Selenium-Yeast Enhances Fishmeal Replacement by Soy Protein Concentrate in Diets for Golden Pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)
Authors: Wu Yubo , Fang Huaiyi , Ma Hengjia , Wang Xiujuan
Published: February 2023

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of selenium-yeast (Se-yeast) supplementation on replacing fishmeal with soy protein concentrate (SPC) in diets for golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). The control diet (C) contained 400 g/kg fishmeal, of which 40% and 80% of the fishmeal in diet C were substituted by SPC, with or without 1 g/kg Se-yeast supplementation (four diets, R40, R80, R40 + Se, and R80 + Se, were formulated). The weight gain of the fish-fed diet C showed no obvious difference from that of the fed-diet R40 + Se, although it was higher than that of the fish-fed diets R40, R80, and R80 + Se. Fish-fed diets R40 + Se and R80 + Se exhibited higher weight gain and nitrogen and phosphorus retention efficiencies, whereas they had relatively lower feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and nitrogen and phosphorus waste outputs than fish-fed diets R40 and R80. No statistical differences were found in condition factor and whole-body components either between fish-fed diets R40 and R40 + Se or between fish-fed diets R80 and R80 + Se. Our research suggests that it is feasible to reduce dietary fishmeal for golden pompano to 240 g/kg with SPC and 1 g/kg Se-yeast inclusion.
Early versus Delayed Minimally Invasive Intervention for Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhu Leilei , Shen Jingyi , Fu Rongrong , Lu Xiaozhen , Du Liwen , Jiang Ruihao , Zhang Mengting , Shi Yetan , Jiang Ke , Shi Yongwei
Published: February 2023

Background: Nowadays, minimally invasive intervention (MII) has largely replaced delayed open surgery in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). However, the timing of MII remains unclear. The present study investigated the effect of early versus delayed MII on complications in ANP. Methods: Studies evaluating the impact of the timing of MII on complications in ANP patients were thoroughly searched on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception to June 2022. The primary outcome of interest was mortality. Secondary outcomes were the incidence of complications. Results: Nine studies reporting 870 patients undergoing MII for ANP were included. No significant difference was found in mortality between the early and delayed intervention groups. In addition, the timing of MII was not associated with the incidence of new-onset respiratory failure, new-onset cardiovascular failure, new-onset renal failure, new-onset multiple organ failure, gastrointestinal fistula or perforation, pancreatic fistula, stent migration, bleeding, venous thrombosis, and new-onset pancreatic endocrine insufficiency. Notably, in the subgroup analysis of biliary and Asian ANP patients, early intervention was associated with a significantly higher risk of new-onset renal failure than delayed intervention. Conclusions: Early intervention is safe and recommended only for patients with indications for intervention, such as infection.
Futebol, negócio e globalização
Authors: Santos Irlan Simões , Ferreira Jonathan , Pisani João Ricardo
Published: February 2023

O futebol adquiriu novas formas de organização em um período marcado pelo meio técnico-científico-informacional, em que empresas se tornam globais. Dentre essas maneiras, está a apropriação de clubes de futebol locais por empresários e corporações globais, que recorrentemente se tornam proprietários de mais de um clube. Para designar a existência de diversas agremiações controladas pelo mesmo proprietário, utiliza-se a sigla MCO (multi-club ownership). O capital privado sediado nos Estados Unidos tem aumentado consideravelmente seu interesse no futebol e canalizado largos investimentos no esporte. No Brasil, a venda de 90% da Sociedade Anônima do Futebol (SAF) de Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas e 70% da SAF Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama para companhias norte-americanas em 2022 são os principais exemplos desse fenômeno. Este estudo analisa a interação em redes de clubes de futebol a partir do surgimento de MCO, com ênfase na nova onda de investimentos estadunidenses em clubes de futebol no Brasil. O artigo busca responder a seguinte questão: esta onda de investimento reforça a introdução subordinada dos clubes numa organização operacional em redes? Observou-se que a onda atual de investimentos dos EUA em clubes de futebol no Brasil ampliou o fenômeno de MCO, permitindo a subordinação de clubes locais a uma estrutura centralizada, especialmente a partir da implementação das SAFs.
ginga, o drible, a síncope e o molejo
Authors: Andrade Julia Santos Cossermelli de
Published: February 2023

Música e futebol são dois universos bem próximos no interior da cultura popular brasileira. São inúmeras as músicas que tratam de futebol – times, jogadores icônicos ou mesmo partidas inesquecíveis. São também muitos os músicos que foram jogadores profissionais e amadores e que ainda hoje alimentam essa prática esportistas. E temos ainda a presença, no universo da música, de ex-jogadores que gravaram álbuns e venderam muitos LPs. Esse artigo pretende apresentar um pouco desta relação tão simbiótica e tão esclarecedora da maneira de viver de uma grande parte dos brasileiros e brasileiras.
Reflexões Acerca da Assistência à Saúde de Pessoas que Vivem com o HIV em Contexto de Restrição Orçamentária no Brasil
Authors: Lima Cindy Ferreira , Brito Marcelo , Campos Edemilson Antunes de , Narchi Nádia Zanon
Published: February 2023

A criação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), representou grande avanço no combate à epidemia de HIV/AIDS. Porém, com a vigência do atual governo, pautado em uma política neoliberal que prioriza a adoção de medidas de austeridade econômica, em detrimento do investimento em políticas de bem-estar social, observamos o agravamento de sua precarização e desconstrução. À epidemia de HIV/AIDS, por sua vez, tem fortes conexões com as desigualdades socioeconômicas e histórico-culturais, que corrobora maior incidência em indivíduos com alta vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, dependentes da assistência do Estado. Neste ensaio, buscaremos analisar o tema sob a luz dos estudos de Biopolítica, iniciados por Michel Foucault a fim de refletir sobre o impacto das restrições orçamentárias, sobre a sustentabilidade da assistência à saúde de Pessoas Vivendo com HIV, assim como das políticas públicas vigentes. Nesta ótica, suscitamos a urgência da articulação política da população em defesa da sustentabilidade do SUS, de modo sua garantir permanência e dos programas vigentes, como o programa de HIV/AIDS. Acreditamos que somente através da articulação da sociedade civil, em parceria com atores situados em instâncias políticas decisórias e em prol da sustentabilidade do SUS, será possível manter o direito universal e inalienável à saúde, descrito na Constituição Federal.
Política Externa Brasileira e Balança Comercial: breve análise dos governos Jânio Quadros/João Goulart e Castelo branco (1961 – 1967)
Authors: Gomes Talissa , Menon Gustavo
Published: February 2023

O presente trabalho aborda uma breve análise da Política Externa Brasileira (PEB) e a relação com os resultados da balança comercial durante os períodos governamentais de Jânio Quadros (1961), João Goulart (1961-1964) e Castelo Branco (1964-1967), sob a ótica de relações comerciais entre Brasil e os Estados Unidos. Para isso, do ponto de vista metodológico, a pesquisa, de caráter exploratória-descritiva, percorreu o exame da condução da política externa brasileira durante o início dos anos 1960  - especialmente o alinhamento oficial do Itamaraty – e, por outro lado, coletou os dados do antigo Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior (MDIC), hoje absorvido pelo Ministério da Economia do Governo Federal brasileiro, para o exame dos indicadores e resultados da balança comercial brasileira, especialmente sua relação com os EUA. A pesquisa resulta na conclusão de que ações da política externa brasileira, mesmo divergente após o golpe militar de 1964, não impactaram de forma significativa nos resultados da balança comercial do período em questão, onde outros elementos e abordagens de longa duração devem ser consideradas para a interpretação das correntes de comércio e seu vínculo com a atuação da política externa dos Estados.
Solidariedade Entre Jovens nas Periferias: uma saída ao neoliberalismo
Authors: Laczynski Patricia
Published: February 2023

Este artigo tem a proposta de fazer uma reflexão sobre o impacto de políticas públicas neoliberais em regiões periféricas da cidade de São Paulo, mais especialmente no que diz respeito ao jovem no mundo do trabalho. Trata-se de resultados de pesquisa de campo, realizada juntamente com coletivos e empreendimentos de jovens da zona leste de São Paulo, além de órgãos públicos, entre dezembro de 2019 e março e setembro de 2020, apontam uma série de questões: (a) cada vez mais os jovens intercalam trabalho precário com desemprego; (b) não é algo tão comum iniciativas de jovens que se organizam de forma coletiva para gerar renda, seja via algum negócio, algum empreendimento ou via algum coletivo (como os de cultura, por exemplo); (c) mesmo não sendo tão frequente, há coletivos de jovens na periferia que visam a geração de renda. No entanto, os jovens desses coletivos têm outra fonte principal de renda, como algum emprego ou trabalho autônomo; (d) nos bairros das periferias de São Paulo, onde não há influência de fundações empresariais, os jovens têm como referência valores como solidariedade, comunidade e humanitarismo. Em bairros onde o financiamento privado já é uma realidade, os valores predominantes são empreendedorismo, negócios de impacto social e inovação.
Carga cognitiva de trabalho na performance orquestral: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Stervinou Adeline , Lima Henrique Pinheiro , Barbosa Kariny Kelvia Paiva , Chaves Lucas Lima
Published: February 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo determinar como a carga cognitiva de trabalho (CCT) entre os participantes de uma orquestra está tratada na literatura. Apesar da CCT estar sendo estudada em várias áreas do conhecimento, como a literatura tem estudado a carga cognitiva de trabalho entre os participantes de uma orquestra? Para responder a esta pergunta, uma revisão integrativa de literatura foi realizada no Portal de periódicos da CAPES. A partir dos descritores “Cognitive workload and music” e “Cognitive workload and orchestra conducting” foram identificadas 51 referências, das quais 10 foram analisadas e 5 selecionadas por se adequarem à pergunta norteadora. Após a análise das 5 referências selecionadas, os resultados apontaram para uma limitação de publicações que tratam especificamente sobre a CCT entre os membros de uma orquestra.
Nomogram to Predict Good Collateral Formation After the STA-MCA Bypass Surgery in Adult Patients With Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Sun Haogeng , Li Yue , Xiao Anqi , Li Wanjiang , Xia Chao , You Chao , Ma Lu , Liu Yi , Xia Chunchao
Published: February 2023

Background:

Collateral formation from the extracranial carotid artery to ischemic brain tissue determines the clinical success of superficial temporal artery (STA) to middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass surgery in adult patients with moyamoya disease, but postoperative collateral formation (PCF) after STA-MCA bypass surgery is unpredictable. Accurate preoperative prediction of acceptable PCF could improve patient selection. This study aims to develop a prediction nomogram model for PCF in this patient population.

Methods:

Adult patients with moyamoya disease undergoing the STA-MCA bypass surgery between January 2013 and December 2020 at a single institution were retrospectively or prospectively enrolled in this observational study. Data including potential clinical and radiological predictors were obtained from hospital records. A nomogram was generated based on a multivariate logistic regression analysis, to identify potential predictors associated with good PCF. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated for discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility.

Results:

Data from 243 patients with moyamoya disease who underwent the STA-MCA bypass surgery were analyzed to build the nomogram. After 1-year follow-up, 162 (66.7%) hemispheres had good PCF and 81 (33.3%) had poor PCF. Good PCF is associated with 3 preoperative factors: age at operation, a diameter of donor branch of STA, and the preinfarction period stage. Incorporating these 3 factors, the model achieved a concordance index of 0.88 (95% CI, 0.84–0.92) and had a well-fitted calibration curve and good clinical application value. A cutoff value of 100 was determined to predict good PCF via this nomogram.

Conclusions:

The nomogram exhibits high accuracy in predicting good PCF after the STA-MCA bypass surgery in adult patients with moyamoya disease and may allow surgeons to better evaluate preoperatively candidacy for successful bypass surgery.
Bidding on Price and Quality: An Experiment on the Complexity of Scoring Rule Auctions
Authors: Camboni Riccardo , Corazzini Luca , Galavotti Stefano , Valbonesi Paola
Published: February 2023

We experimentally study procurement auctions when both quality and price matter. We compare two treatments where sellers compete on one dimension only (price or quality), with three treatments where sellers submit a price-quality bid and the winner is determined by a scoring rule that combines the two offers. We find that, in the scoring rule treatments, efficiency and buyer's utility are lower than predicted. Estimates from a Quantal Response Equilibrium model suggest that increasing the dimension of the strategy space imposes a complexity burden on sellers, so that a simpler mechanism like a quality-only auction may be preferable.
A More Robust t-Test
Authors: Müller Ulrich K.
Published: February 2023

This paper combines extreme value theory for the smallest and largest k observations for some given k>1 with a normal approximation for the average of the remaining observations to construct a more robust alternative to the usual t-test. The new test is found to control size much more successfully in small samples compared to existing methods. This holds for the canonical inference for the mean problem based on an i.i.d. sample, but also when comparing two population means and when conducting inference about linear regression coefficients with clustered standard errors.
Identity Verification Standards in Welfare Programs: Experimental Evidence from India
Authors: Muralidharan Karthik , Niehaus Paul , Sukhtankar Sandip
Published: February 2023

We study the impact of reforms that introduced more stringent, biometric ID requirements into India’s largest social protection program, using large-scale randomized and natural experiments. Corruption fell but with substantial costs to legitimate beneficiaries, 1.5–2 million of whom lost access to benefits at some point during the reforms. At the same time, adverse effects appear to have been driven primarily by decisions about the way the transition was managed, illustrating both the risks of rapid reforms, and how the impacts of promising new technologies can be highly sensitive to the protocols governing their use.
Focused Interventions and Test Score Fade-Out
Authors: Gilraine Michael , Penney Jeffrey
Published: February 2023

An administrative rule in North Carolina allowed students who failed an exam to retake it approximately two weeks later, triggering a brief yet intense test preparation period. We develop a structural model that accounts for selection and find that these students score much higher on the retest. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find substantial fade-out of the test score gains after one year but some persistence thereafter. Unlike other interventions that produce similar initial increases in performance, we do not observe benefits to long-term outcomes. Our findings highlight that persistence should be accounted for when comparing educational interventions.
Interesting Botryosphaeria (Botryosphaeriaceae) associated with Magnolia species in Thailand: Additions of two new host records with their lifestyles
Authors: DE SILVA NIMALI I. , PHILLIPS ALAN J.L. , TENNAKOON DANUSHKA S. , KUMLA JATURONG , SUWANNARACH NAKARIN , LUMYONG SAISAMORN
Published: February 2023

Botryosphaeria is a commonly encountered and economically important genus whose species are widely distributed phytopathogens as well as endophytes, necrotrophs and saprobes. We herein provide insights into botryosphaeriaceous microfungi associated with Magnolia species in Thailand. Phylogeny based on combined ITS, tef1 and tub2 sequences coupled with their morphological characteristics verified the status of the new collection as new host records of Botryosphaeria kuwatsukai and B. puerensis from Magnolia species. Prior to this investigation, only a few Botryosphaeria species have been discovered in Thailand. This is the first account of B. kuwatsukai from Magnolia species as well as the first geographical record in Thailand. Furthermore, we reveal endophytic and saprobic B. puerensis in Thailand for the first time and its first association with Magnolia species. Along with the host associations and geographic distributions, we also emphasized the lifestyles of Botryosphaeria species that are used in the current phylogenetic analyses.
Reestablishing Dicranopteris spissa (Gleicheniaceae, Polypodiopsida) from synonymy, an endemic species from Brazil. Phytotaxa 533 (1): 98–104. (Erratum)
Authors: LIMA LUCAS VIEIRA , SALINO ALEXANDRE
Published: February 2023

This publication is a Corrigendum to Lima & Salino (2022). In the original article, we did not fully refer to the original publication of the basionym of the new proposed combination, which we rectify here. The authors apologize for the mistake and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way.
Amemboa Esaki (Hemiptera: Gerromorpha: Gerridae) of India, with descriptions of two new species and establishment of species groups of world species
Authors: JEHAMALAR E. EYARIN , DASH SWETAPADMA , CHANDRA KAILASH , RAGHUNATHAN CHELLADURAI
Published: February 2023

Two new species of Gerridae, Amemboa latoae Jehamalar & Dash, new species and A. zetteli Jehamalar & Dash, new species, are described from India. Amemboa latoae is described from Meghalaya and can be recognised by the presence of the two setal tufts on the flexor region of the male fore femur and the slightly dilated midlateral region of the main part of the proctiger. Amemboa zetteli Jehamalar & Dash, new species, is described from Andaman Island and can be identified by the presence of the three setal tufts on the flexor region of the male fore femur; the rhombus-shaped main part of the proctiger of the male and the shape of the posterior region of the pygophore. Eleven species groups of Amemboa are also recognized in the present paper.
Pselaphinae of the Cameroon Volcanic Line. Part 2. Afroplectus cliveturneri, new name for Afroplectus turneri Hlaváč & Baňař, 2022 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) from the island São Tomé
Authors: PETER HLAVÁČ  , BAŇAŘ PETR
Published: February 2023

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Insights and trends review: the role of three-dimensional technology in upper extremity surgery
Authors: Bodansky David M. S. , Sandow Michael J. , Volk Ido , Luria Shai , Verstreken Frederik , Horwitz Maxim D.
Published: February 2023

The use of three-dimensional (3-D) technology in upper extremity surgery has the potential to revolutionize the way that hand and upper limb procedures are planned and performed. 3-D technology can assist in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions, allowing virtual preoperative planning and surgical templating. 3-D printing can allow the production of patient-specific jigs, instruments and implants, allowing surgeons to plan and perform complex procedures with greater precision and accuracy. Previously, cost has been a barrier to the use of 3-D technology, which is now falling rapidly. This review article will discuss the current status of 3-D technology and printing, including its applications, ethics and challenges in hand and upper limb surgery. We have provided case examples to outline how clinicians can incorporate 3-D technology in their clinical practice for congenital deformities, management of acute fracture and malunion and arthroplasty.
Safety assessment of the functional feed additive phenylcapsaicin in a commercial broiler diet
Authors: Paulsen Torbjørn Rage , Jensen Knut Helge , van Harn Jan , Veldkamp Teun
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Intestinal colonisation of Salmonella is a major concern in the poultry industry, and a low dose of the high-purity synthetic capsaicin analogue phenylcapsaicin (PheCap) has the potential to be a phytobiotic alternative to antibiotics in reducing floor Salmonella in commercial broiler chicken houses. In this study we present the first safety assessment of PheCap at doses relevant for the poultry industry.

Methods: In a completely randomized block design, Ross 308 male broilers were offered feed containing 0, 10, 15, or 150 mg PheCap/kg. Growth rates, mortality, haematology, clinical chemistry, foot pad lesions, litter quality and gross pathological examination of organs and tissues were evaluated for signs of toxicity over a two-phase, 35-day growth period.

Results: No differences in feed intake and broiler growth were found, with broilers in the control group having the highest mortality. There was a statistically significant increase in the European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF) for the 10 (p = 0.02) and 15 mg PheCap/kg feed (p = 0.003) treatment doses. No dose dependent adverse effects were found for any of the treatment doses. The No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) of PheCap is probably higher than that of the highest weekly averaged daily intake of 36.3 mg/kg BW/day observed in the present study.

Conclusions: The inclusion of PheCap in broiler feed at doses relevant for the commercial poultry industry is assumed not have any negative effects on broiler health.
Electrical properties and chemiresistive response to 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene vapours of large area arrays of Ge nanowires
Authors: Frigeri Paola , Gombia Enos , Bosi Matteo , Trevisi Giovanna , Seravalli Luca , Ferrari Claudio
Published: February 2023

We study the electrical and morphological properties of random arrays of Ge nanowires (NW) deposited on sapphire substrates. NW-based devices were fabricated with the aim of developing chemiresistive-type sensors for the detection of explosive vapours. We present the results obtained on pristine and annealed NWs and, focusing on the different phenomenology observed, we discuss the critical role played by NW–NW junctions on the electrical conduction and sensing performances. A mechanism is proposed to explain the high efficiency of the annealed arrays of NWs in detecting 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene vapours. This study shows the promising potential of Ge NW-based sensors in the field of civil security.
Hi-C analysis of genomic contacts revealed karyotype abnormalities in chicken HD3 cell line
Authors: Maslova A. , Plotnikov V. , Nuriddinov M. , Gridina M. , Fishman V. , Krasikova A.
Published: February 2023

Background

Karyotype abnormalities are frequent in immortalized continuous cell lines either transformed or derived from primary tumors. Chromosomal rearrangements can cause dramatic changes in gene expression and affect cellular phenotype and behavior during in vitro culture. Structural variations of chromosomes in many continuous mammalian cell lines are well documented, but chromosome aberrations in cell lines from other vertebrate models often remain understudied. The chicken LSCC-HD3 cell line (HD3), generated from erythroid precursors, was used as an avian model for erythroid differentiation and lineage-specific gene expression. However, karyotype abnormalities in the HD3 cell line were not assessed. In the present study, we applied high-throughput chromosome conformation capture to analyze 3D genome organization and to detect chromosome rearrangements in the HD3 cell line.

Results

We obtained Hi-C maps of genomic interactions for the HD3 cell line and compared A/B compartments and topologically associating domains between HD3 and several other cell types. By analysis of contact patterns in the Hi-C maps of HD3 cells, we identified more than 25 interchromosomal translocations of regions ≥ 200 kb on both micro- and macrochromosomes. We classified most of the observed translocations as unbalanced, leading to the formation of heteromorphic chromosomes. In many cases of microchromosome rearrangements, an entire microchromosome together with other macro- and microchromosomes participated in the emergence of a derivative chromosome, resembling “chromosomal fusions'' between acrocentric microchromosomes. Intrachromosomal inversions, deletions and duplications were also detected in HD3 cells. Several of the identified simple and complex chromosomal rearrangements, such as between GGA2 and GGA1qter; GGA5, GGA4p and GGA7p; GGA4q, GGA6 and GGA19; and duplication of the sex chromosome GGAW, were confirmed by FISH.

Conclusions

In the erythroid progenitor HD3 cell line, in contrast to mature and immature erythrocytes, the genome is organized into distinct topologically associating domains. The HD3 cell line has a severely rearranged karyotype with most of the chromosomes engaged in translocations and can be used in studies of genome structure–function relationships. Hi-C proved to be a reliable tool for simultaneous assessment of the spatial genome organization and chromosomal aberrations in karyotypes of birds with a large number of microchromosomes.
Investigation of B-atp6-orfH79 distributing in Chinese populations of Oryza rufipogon and analysis of its chimeric structure
Authors: Zhang Xuemei , Chen Shuying , Zhao Zixian , Ma Cunqiang , Liu Yating
Published: February 2023

Background

The cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) of rice is caused by chimeric mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that is maternally inherited in the majority of multicellular organisms. Wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) has been regarded as the ancestral progenitor of Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.). To investigate the distribution of original CMS source, and explore the origin of gametophytic CMS gene, a total of 427 individuals with seventeen representative populations of O. rufipogon were collected in from Dongxiang of Jiangxi Province to Sanya of Hainan Province, China, for the PCR amplification of atp6, orfH79 and B-atp6-orfH79, respectively.

Results

The B-atp6-orfH79 and its variants (B-atp6-GSV) were detected in five among seventeen populations (i.e. HK, GZ, PS, TL and YJ) through PCR amplification, which could be divided into three haplotypes, i.e., BH1, BH2, and BH3. The BH2 haplotype was identical to B-atp6-orfH79, while the BH1 and BH3 were the novel haplotypes of B-atp6-GSV. Combined with the high-homology sequences in GenBank, a total of eighteen haplotypes have been revealed, only with ten haplotypes in orfH79 and its variants (GSV) that belong to three species (i.e. O. rufipogon, Oryza nivara and Oryza sativa). Enough haplotypes clearly demonstrated the uniform structural characteristics of the B-atp6-orfH79 as follows: except for the conserved sequence (671 bp) composed of B-atp6 (619 bp) and the downstream followed the B-atp6 (52 bp, DS), and GSV sequence, a rich variable sequence (VS, 176 bp) lies between the DS and GSV with five insertion or deletion and more than 30 single nucleotide polymorphism. Maximum likelihood analysis showed that eighteen haplotypes formed three clades with high support rate. The hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated the occurrence of variation among all populations (FST = 1; P < 0.001), which implied that the chimeric structure occurred independently. Three haplotypes (i.e., H1, H2 and H3) were detected by the primer of orfH79, which were identical to the GVS in B-atp6-GVS structure, respectively. All seventeen haplotypes of the orfH79, belonged to six species based on our results and the existing references. Seven existed single nucleotide polymorphism in GSV section can be translated into eleven various amino acid sequences.

Conclusions

Generally, this study, indicating that orfH79 was always accompanied by the B-atp6, not only provide two original CMS sources for rice breeding, but also confirm the uniform structure of B-atp-orfH79, which contribute to revealing the origin of rice gametophytic CMS genes, and the reason about frequent recombination of mitochondrial DNA.
Causes and treatment strategies of unilateral leaflet escape of bileaflet mechanical prosthetic heart valves after surgery: a case series
Authors: Wang Xianzhi , Qiu Jiawei , Mu Cunfu , Zhang Wenlin , Xue Chunzhu , He Yang , Mu Qinglin , Fu Chunyang , Li Dianyuan
Published: February 2023

Background

During the eleven years from 2010 to 2021, preliminary statistics have shown that Fuwai Hospital completed 23,571 mechanical valve replacements for various types of valves, and 1139 mechanical valve replacements were performed in Guangyuan First People's Hospital. Only two patients developed valve leaflet escape, so valve leaflet escape is a rare postoperative complication.

Case presentation

In 2010 and 2021, two patients were selected after they had unilateral leaflet escape after having mechanical valve replacements in Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Guangyuan First People's Hospital. Both patients underwent reoperations with the classic operation and the new bileaflet mechanical prosthetic heart valve was sutured. The treatment of detached single lobe and distal vessel was comprehensively determined, and the condition was treated according to the patient's symptoms, CT results, ultrasound results and other test results, as well as whether this detached lobe caused any abnormal hemodynamics of the distal vessel. The patient with mechanical aortic valve escape completed the 10-year follow-up, and patient with mechanical mitral valve escape completed the 3-month follow-up. there was no thrombosis or hematoma at the embolic site; the patient had no lower limb symptoms.

Conclusions

The reason for the leaflet escape may be related to the valve design and the leaflet material. If the detached leaflets are damaged and if the distal blood vessels are affected, simultaneous surgical treatment is required. Those patients whose vessels were not damaged by the valve lobe should be carefully monitored.