bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possibilities to prevent acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using inhalational therapy. A Report of Expert Panel of Russian Respiratory Society
Authors: Avdeev S. N. , Belevskiy A. S. , Aisanov Z. R. , Arkhipov V. V. , Leshchenko I. V. , Ovcharenko S. I. , Sinopal’nikov A. I. , Vizel’ A. A. , Emel’yanov A. V. , Zhestkov A. V. , Zykov K. A. , Kuzubova N. A. , Prozorova G. G. , Chernyak B. A. , Shaporova N. L. , Shmelev E. I.
Published: July 2018

An impact of acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) on the course and the prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease depends on severity of the exacerbation. Moderate and severe exacerbations are considered as clinically significant events. Clinical studies investigating a role of inhalational therapy for the risk of AECOPD differed significantly in important parameters and the patients involved were not fully described in the real clinical practice. Tiotropium alone did not demonstrate any benefit over other inhalational therapies, such as inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist (ICS/LABA) combinations and long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)/LABA combinations, for risk reduction of moderate to severe exacerbations. A benefit of tiotropium/olodaterol combination over tiotropium for the reduction of risk of clinically significant exacerbations was first shown in DYNAGITO study; patients’ groups in this study did not differ in a rate and a spectrum of adverse events including cardiovascular events. An efficient bronchodilating therapy should be administered to all patients with COPD as it could improve dyspnea and prevent exacerbations. Further escalation of treatment in patients with frequent exacerbations of COPD should be personalized according to clinical course and causes of AECOPD.
Medical therapy in patients with thoracic aortic aneurism
Authors: Luneva E. B. , Malev E. G. , Pankova I. A. , Zemtsovsky E. V.
Published: July 2018

Aneurysm of the thoracic aorta of any origin is traditionally considered a pathology for surgical correction. Traditionally the patients are referred for the surgery (prosthetics or endovascular treatment) when thoracic aorta diameter achieves 50–55 mm. However, the management strategy and conservative treatment in case of the smaller aorta dilations are not well elucidated in еру guidelines. The medication therapy aims at the decrease of the hemodynamic stress in the aortic wall, as well as at the correction of risk factors and accompanying diseases, including coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc. Since drug therapy of this pathology is not sufficiently developed, its choice is difficult for physicians. The paper reviews the main groups of drugs and their effectiveness in patients with thoracic aorta aneurism resulted from different causes, including atherosclerosis, genetic pathology (Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, etc.). Currently, no drugs are considered as first line therapy. The evidence suggests the use of beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers only in genetic pathology.
First look at new 2018 joint ESH/ESC Guidelines on diagnosis and management of hypertension
Authors: Ionov M. V , Zvartau N. E. , Konradi A. O.
Published: July 2018

Systemic hypertension (HTN) is the most prevalent non-communicable disease and the leading cause for major cardiovascular events, renal failure and cognitive decline. The World Health Organization showed that HTN is a key area of concern for healthcare and identified this condition as one of the primary targets for intervention to reduce global morbidity and mortality. The hard-hitting AHA/ACC Guidelines on management of High blood pressure in adults published in 2017 shocked medical community and enforced reconsidering overall significance HTN once again due to the large pool of newly diagnosed individuals and higher healthcare costs. Ensuing debates around Task Force committee opinions were fomenting at every scientific session related to cardiac diseases throughout first half-year 2018 and beyond the lecture halls as well. Thus all attendees at the 28th European Congress on Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection held in Barcelona, Spain in June were captivated with the European expert’s presented preview of the new 2018 ESH/ESC joint clinical Guidelines on diagnosis and management of HTN. This short review highlights the bullet points presented before fulltext publication. The chapters on diagnosis, risk stratification, blood pressure treatment target ranges had undergone minor but crucial corrections. Key changes include medical treatment of uncomplicated HTN and drug therapy in special groups with major comorbidities, management of resistant HTN, device-based HTN therapy and adherence interventions.
The effectiveness of the replacement of the generic blockers of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system by perindopril arginine in patients with uncontrolled blood pressure: the results of the regional program “DIFFERENCE”
Authors: Nikulina N. N.
Published: July 2018

Taking into account the widespread use of generic drugs and insufficient rate of achieving the target blood pressure (BP), a regional program “DIFFERENCE” was initiated. The purpose of this study was to assess the chance of increasing the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy (AHT) by replacing generic perindopril and receptor blockers to angiotensin II (BRA) by the original perindopril and generic indapamide by the original one.

Design and methods. The study included 330 hypertensive patients (47,3% males; the average age of men is 53,5 ± 8,5 years, women — 54,2 ± 10,2 years, p > 0,05). The mean systolic BP was 149,5 ± 5,3 mm Hg, average diastolic BP — 96,4 ± 4,9 mm Hg; 1st HTN degree was achieved in 49,1% patients, 2nd — in 41,2%; 3rd degree remained in 9,7%. Monotherapy of HTN was prescribed in 79,4% patients.

Results. After the transfer from the generic perindopril to the original drug (± transfer from the generic indapamide to the original one) within 4 weeks no other changes of AHT were introduced. During these 4 weeks, the average systolic BP decreased to 139,1 ± 5,1 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure declined to 88,2 ± 5,8 mm Hg, which allowed to achieve the target BP in 37,0% patients (p < 0,01). On the Month 1 visit, taking into account indications, the frequency of combined AHT increased to 76,4%, on the Month 3 visit — to 88,2%, exceeding the original one by 4,3 times (p < 0,01). On the Month 3 visit the average systolic BP was 136,5 mm Hg, diastolic BP — 85,9 mm Hg, the target BP level was achieved in 53,9% cases (p < 0,01). By the study completion, the most often combination included perindopril with diuretic or calcium antagonist.

Conclusions. The study “DIFFERENCE” demonstrated the effectiveness of the replacement of generic perindopril and BRA by the original perindopril combined, if necessary, with the replacement of generic indapamide by the original one in patients wth uncontrolled HTN. To date, the combined AHT has not been assigned frequently enough, which is also the reason for the insufficient efficiency. The most common were the combinations of perindopril with diuretic or calcium antagonist.
Metabolic syndrome and kidney: nephroprotection and reduction of cardiovascular risk
Authors: Nedogoda S. V. , Chumachek E. V. , Tsoma V. V. , Salasyuk A. S. , Smirnova V. O. , Hripaeva V. J. , Palashkin R. V. , Popova E. A.
Published: July 2018

Metabolic syndrome is associated with the kidney damage, and microalbuminuria is listed as one of the key diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome. In metabolic syndrome the risk of chronic kidney diseases is significantly increased. Moreover, kidney damage is also more severe in metabolic syndrome than in patients without metabolic disorders, and the severity of kidney damage is directly related to the number of the components of metabolic syndrome. Chronic kidney disease is shown to be associated with all the components of metabolic syndrome, including obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension. This article discusses the issues of drug nephroprotection in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS), including patients with uncontrolled arterial hypertension, in particular, the effectiveness of a fixed combination of perindopril arginine + indapamide. The available evidence clearly shows the advantages of this combination: favorable effect on adipokines, the level of noninfectious inflammation, vascular stiffness, which makes it unique and useful at all stages of the renal continuum in patients with MS and chronic kidney disease. This is confirmed by the reduction of the risk of cardiovascular and kidney complications.
The self-assessment of satisfaction of nursing home residents in selected European countries – preliminary study
Authors: Michalik Anna , Jaksz-Recmanik Ewelina , Turbiarz Agnieszka , Puzoń Irena , Kadłubowska Monika , Krawczyk Bożena , Kolonko Jolanta , Bąk Ewelina , Kulik Halina , Marcisz Czesław
Published: July 2018

Wstęp

Celem pracy była samoocena satysfakcji osób mieszkających w domach opieki w różnych krajach europejskich oraz analiza korelacji poziomu satysfakcji z jakością życia i wybranymi zmiennymi niezależnymi.

Materiał i metody

Badanie pilotażowe przeprowadzono z udziałem 126 osób zamieszkałych w domach opieki w Norwegii, Anglii, Belgii, Holandii, Czechach i Polsce. Średnia wieku badanych wynosiła 79,3 roku. Autorzy zastosowali kwestionariusz ankiety własnego autorstwa obejmujący 35 pytań, w tym 6 pytań demograficznych i 29 związanych z czynnikami dotyczącymi satysfakcji i jakości życia.

Wyniki

Większość mieszkańców była zadowolona z pobytu w domu opieki. Poziom ich satysfakcji okazał się różny, w zależności od kraju prowadzenia badań. Średni poziom samooceny jakości życia wyniósł 4,9 (w skali 1–6). Wykazano, że poziom satysfakcji korelował z jakością życia, wiekiem, czasem trwania pobytu w domu opieki i mieszkaniem z małżonkiem.

Wnioski

Poziom zadowolenia mieszkańców domów opieki w wybranych krajach europejskich jest zróżnicowany i wykazuje pozytywną zmienność z jakością życia. Poziom zadowolenia mieszkańców domów opieki w niektórych krajach europejskich wykazuje pozytywną korelację z wiekiem, czasem trwania pobytu i zamieszkiwaniem z małżonkiem. Analiza porównawcza satysfakcji i jakości życia mieszkańców domów opieki społecznej w różnych krajach europejskich wymaga uwzględnienia odrębności kulturowej.
REPRESENTAÇÃO E LEGITIMIDADE NOS CONSELHOS GESTORES DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Borges William Antonio , Tonella Celene , Faria Everton Henrique
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar como se estabelece a legitimidade do exercício de representação nos Conselhos Gestores de Políticas Públicas no Paraná. O trabalho está dividido em duas partes. A primeira aborda a discussão sobre legitimidade e, mais precisamente, indaga como esta se realiza no campo da representação. Na segunda parte, encontram-se leituras sobre duas experiências de Conselhos Gestores de Políticas Urbanas no Paraná. A base de análise é um survey aplicado aos conselheiros do Conselho Municipal de Planejamento e Gestão Territorial de Maringá (CMPGT) e do Conselho Estadual das Cidades do Paraná (ConCidades). Como resultado, compreendeu-se que, embora a representação possa se dar de forma efetiva, nas experiências analisadas têm prevalecido práticas corporativistas e patrimonialistas sustentadas pelos interesses de mercado (no CMPGT) e baixa legitimidade do poder de contestação e exercício de representação por parte da sociedade civil (no ConCidades).
Ação política e intervenções de políticas públicas no combate ao trabalho escravo contemporâneo no estado do Maranhão, Brasil
Authors: Moura Flávia Almeida , Moares Dannielle Weba Maia
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo analisa a atuação da Comissão Estadual de Erradicação do Trabalho Escravo no Maranhão (COETRAE/MA) como importante meio de combate ao trabalho escravo contemporâneo. Para tal, apresenta-se uma análise acerca de sua composição, bem como da construção das principais atividades desenvolvidas pela Comissão na perspectiva da ação política e de intervenções de políticas públicas.
Test anxiety in school-age children: An examination of a national epidemic
Authors: Scott David A , Lamb Emily , Bentley Julia Kate , Sumner Caroline
Published: July 2018

Test anxiety has long been an issue with students, parents and in schools on a global level. Many students are becoming overwhelmed with the increased demands placed on test preparation and test performance. Accountability measures have become a major priority, with school children enduring standardized testing annually from grades three through eight, and once more in high school.  This article will explore the many facets of test anxiety, what some schools are doing to try to reduce the anxiety and interventions counselors can use in their work with students.

Keywords: Test anxiety; schools; children; anxiety
How and why Muslim counsellors integrate spiritual and religious elements implicitly into counselling practices in Malaysia: A qualitative exploration
Authors: Ahmad Mazita , Noor Norhayati Mohd , Amat Salleh
Published: July 2018

Implicit incorporation of spiritual and religious elements in counselling has turned into a practice among several counsellors, but issues may arise when clients demand it in an explicit manner. As such, this study investigated how and why counsellors integrate spiritual and religious elements implicitly into counselling practices. With that, 13 registered counsellors were selected as participants for this study. They were interviewed and the data gathered were analyzed by using the constant comparative analysis. The results revealed that counsellors avoided highlighting the aspects of spiritual and religion at the initial part of their counselling session, but embedded them slowly and obscurely so as to prevent unprepared clients from being resistant, feeling uncomfortable, getting confused, as well as to hinder any sensitive issue related to spiritual and religious elements. Furthermore, the study points out that the central implications are the need to create a culture of openness and to boost confidence among counsellors to integrate the spiritual and religious aspects in an explicit manner. On top of that, competence among counsellors can be further enhanced with appropriate theoretical considerations and personal challenges. This does not only improve the effectiveness of treatment, but also protects the clients and enables consistency in work.

Keywords: spiritual and religion, integration, counselling, implicit
Influencia de la responsabilidad social en el desempeño financiero del sector químico-farmacéutico
Authors: Padilla-Lozano Carmen Paola , Arévalo-Avecillas Danny Xavier , Wong-Laborde Nancy Ivonne
Published: July 2018

This study addresses new evidence on the relationship between social responsibility (SR) practices and the financial performance of Ecuadorian companies from the chemical-pharmaceutical sector. The research has a mixed component, in which experiences and opinions were collected from experts in the sector through focus groups; similarly, surveys were conducted to managers of 88 companies in the cities of Quito and Guayaquil, Ecuador. Weighting methods were used to determine an SR index based on three pillars: a) economic, b) social and c) environmental dimensions, in order to explain the implementation level of socially responsible practices. Descriptive statistics and correlation techniques were used as well. The results highlight a positive relationship between the economic and environmental dimensions of SR and return on capital (ROC), as well as between the social dimension of SR and return on sales (ROS).
La relación entre la rentabilidad y la participación de las mujeres en el consejo de administración de las empresas que cotizan en la bolsa
Authors: Saavedra García María Luisa , Camarena Adame María Elena
Published: July 2018

The objective of this work was to determine if there is a relationship between profitability and the participation of women in the Council of Administration (CA) in companies listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange (BMV). We worked with a sample of 37 companies with the participation of women in the CA and with 32 companies where there is no participation of women in the CA indicators were calculated for profitability and financial leverage. The findings show that the performance of the companies with the participation of women in the CA is more often measured with the Return on Invested Capital, and that they have less financial leverage at these companies, thus proving women’s aversion to taking risks, a variable that is linked to profitability and which would also explain the lower yield shown by the other three indicators of profitability.
Evolución de las empresas de economía social en Andalucía (2007-2016) y el hecho diferencial almeriense
Authors: De Pablo Valenciano Jaime , Uribe-Toril Juan
Published: July 2018

Social economy is fundamental within the economic development of Andalusia, which is the first Autonomous Community of Spain according to the number of this type of entities. It contributes almost 14% of the GDP in Andalusia, as well as it is present in all economic sectors and in more than 82% of the Andalusian municipalities. It is an important actor of local development, by exploiting the endogenous resources of the territory, since it ties the population to their places of origin, acts where need arises, and generates economic activity where it did not exist before. This research paper aims to answer three key questions: How have Andalusian social entities and companies evolved, with special attention to pre- and post-crisis data? Are social economy companies stronger in times of crisis? Is Almeria a unique case in Andalusia in relation to this type of entity?
Inclusión de las personas con discapacidad en el mercado laboral peruano
Authors: Velarde-Talleri Andrés , Llinas-Audet Xavier , Barboza-Palomino Miguel
Published: July 2018

The inclusion of people with disabilities (PWD) in the work-place is a matter currently under discussion. In this context, this research seeks to characterize the inclusion of PWD in the Peruvian labor market. To the effect, a mixed methods study design was developed, which involved the application of an electronic survey to 188 managers and heads of human resources in Peruvian companies. Afterwards, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 key informants. The results indicate that the inclusion of PWD in accordance with the provisions of Peruvian law is not met. However, most of the respondents indicate their compliance, in addition to showing a favorable position for hiring PWD. On the other hand, most of the interviewees affirmed that the low labor participation of PWD results from the absence of national control mechanisms and practical devices that companies can use for the hiring of PWD and their inclusion in the workplace.
La agricultura peruana y su capacidad de competir en el mercado internacional
Authors: Barrientos Felipa Pedro
Published: July 2018

This article is part of an ongoing research on productive diversification in Peru, as a response to the possibility of modifying the productive matrix of a country characterized as primary-exporter. The mentioned diversification implies being able to compete in the global market with products that do not have much added value, and which contribute to strengthening the basket of exportable products. Competing implies having knowledge of the initial context of the country and its background, in order to participate in a place where participants look for opportunities offered by buyers and the oversights of other participants. Competing in the context of the country is a macro action that implies that all local agents form a value chain to strengthen their participation.
Empatía cero: los perpetradores del mal
Authors: Prada Sanmiguel, FSC Alberto , Rodríguez García Hernán Ferney
Published: July 2018

Armed conflicts eliminate perpetrators’ empathic capacity toward their victims. This affects the configuration of new desires and beliefs that shape the character of the perpetrators of evil. Thus, a perpetrator lacks any feeling of guilt, and does not grieve with the pain and suffering of others. For the perpetrator, killing does not become a moral transgression. In this context, this article seeks to understand how, based on a change of desires, an enemy is constructed, violence becomes a theatricalization of excess, and there exists a notable exculpation of perpetrators regarding their actions. Not being aware of this type of wishes and beliefs calls into question the responsibility of the actors of the conflict and the possibility of thinking of spaces of justice. Any lack of awareness about the actions of perpetrators limits the reliability of a peace process. In this sense, the emotional burdens of perpetrators have a direct impact on the ways in which they interact with their victims and their ability to tackle evil.
Penerapan Cost, Volume And Profit Analysis Sebagai Alat Bantu Perencanaan Laba Pada Pabrik Paving Wahyu Agung
Authors: Aulia Fena Ulfa
Published: July 2018

The orientation of the profit-oriented company is the desired maximum profit achievement. Maximum profit desired by the company will not be easy to achieve without any profit planning. The existence of profit planning can help the company to know the amount of sales that must be met in order to achieve profit targets. One of the tools in profit planning is Cost Volume Profit Analysis. This research is a quantitative descriptive research conducted at WAHYU AGUNG paving factory which is engaged in paving industry located in Teja Barat Village, Central Hamlet of Pamekasan Regency. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data obtained by conducting direct observation and interviews. The analysis technique of this research consists of four steps: to know the contribution margin ratio, to determine the break event point of the company, to determine the profit to be achieved in the next period and to calculate the margin of safety of the company. The results of this study indicate that there is a contribution margin ratio of 38.12%. Break Event Point paving factory WAHYU AGUNG Rp 32.124.941,71 or 1.647 units / 33 meters paving . The target of profit to be achieved in November 2017 is 30% of the profit achieved in October 2017 so that the sales to be increased by 1,829.46 units / 33 meters paving from the sales rate in October 2017 with a margin of safety of 21.55%.
Analisis Tingkat Kemiskinan Kaum Urban Berdasarkan Indeks Cibest di Kecamatan Kepil Kabupaten Wonosobo
Authors: Saifuloh Nur Imam
Published: July 2018

Inequality of economy system in Indonesia impacts to the poverty in rural area is high. This condition makes people in rural move to urban as called as urbanization. By using CIBEST Index, this study aim to describe the poverty in Kepil District and analyze is there a differences among village based on urbanization rate. Type of study had been used in this research is quantitative descriptive by study case approach. Questionare, interview and documentation are instrument research that used to collect data. And to analyze it, use CIBEST Index and SPSS software with function of Cross-Tabulation. The result of this study descibe the urban poverty in Kepil District dominated by population in second quadrant, it is 112 family (91,1%) of total population. While the other family is in prosperous condition (first quadrant), it only 11 family (8,9%). Value of Welfare (W) on CIBEST Index is 0,089 and the Material Poverty (MP) as the second quadrant is 0,91. There is not difference among the village based on urbanization rate. It known from Asymptotic Significance value is bigger than probability value (0,055 > 0,05).
Pengaruh Inflasi, Suku Bunga (BI Rate), Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) Terhadap ROA (Studi Pada Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS) di Indonesia Tahun 2009-2016)
Authors: Cahyani Yutisa Tri
Published: July 2018

Sharia financing banks serve and be source of capital for small and micro business community. After the crisis in 2008, the profitability of the sharia financing banks has decreased significantly. So the impact on slowing economic growth, rising financing stalled and declining market share of Islamic banking. This study used quantitative research methods. Data collection techniques used were documentation and analyzed using multiple regression analysis. With a total population of all sharia financing banks in Indonesia during the eight-year period from 2009 to 2016. The results of this study prove that (1) Inflation does not affect the ROA with a significance value of 0,382 and F arithmetic amounted to 0,788, (2) The interest rate a significant negative affect on ROA with a significance value of 0,029 and F arithmetic amounted to 5,268, (3) GDP does not affect the ROA with a significance value of 0,062 and F calculate equal to 3,774, (4) Inflation, Interest Rate and GDP simultaneously has of effect on ROA with a significance value of 1,66 and F count equal to 1,835.
Synthesis of Zeolite A From Coal Fly Ash with Variation of Si/Al Molar Ratio
Authors: Andarini Novita , Haryati Tanti , Lutfia Zuhrotul
Published: July 2018

Fly ash containing 30-36% silica and 14,52-23,78% alumina can be potentially as raw material for synthetic zeolite such as zeolite A. Zeolite A is an aluminosilicate mineral which is rich in alumina so that this zeolite has a good cation exchange capability. Zeolite A has been synthesized by hydrothermal treatment after NaOH fusion. Fly ash has been fused with NaOH at 550 0C for 40 minutes and hydrothermally treated at 1000C for 5 hours. The hydrothermal treatment was conducted in some various Si/Al molar ratios from 0.90; 1.00.; 1.05; to 1.24. The zeolite A was then analyzed using XRD and XRF. The best zeolite A based on XRD result is zeolite with Si/Al molar ratio of 1.1 with crystallinity of 96,80%. The x-ray fluorescence result showed that the Si/Al molar ratios of the four zeolite samples were close to of Si/Al molar ratios of 1, 1.1, 1.21.3 respectively.Keywords: Fly ash, Zeolite A, Hydrothermal Fusion
Optimization Of The Annealing Temperature With Degenerate Primer For Amplification Of Arginine Decarboxylase (ADC) Fragment Gene From Genomic DNA of Maluku Tenggara Local Cassava
Authors: Kurniawati Siti , Hartati Sri
Published: July 2018

Arginine decarboxylase (ADC) is a key enzyme responsible for polyamines biosynthesis and has been shown to increase resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) is able to grow and produce storage roots well on marginal land. The purpose of this study was to optimize annealing temperature of primers in PCR reaction to amplify candidate cassava ADC gene fragments. Annealing temperature is a crucial factor in PCR reaction affecting product (gene fragments) specificity. Four pairs of primers; MeADC1, MeADC2, MeADC3, andMeADC4, were designed using degenerate method from several plants species such as Jatropa curcas (Acc XM_022220421), Populus trichocarpa (Acc XM_002306105.2), Capsicum annuum cv Nockwang (Acc KC160547.1) and Lycopersicon esculentum (Acc L16582.1). All primer pairs successfully amplified DNA fragments from local cassava genotypes (Maluku Tenggara/Malra) including Malra012 and Malra016. The MeADC1 primer amplified DNA fragment with less than 1,000 base pairs (bp) at annealing temperature of 46°C, 47°C and 48°C. However, analysis of PCR product sequencing results using NCBI BLAST method showed that the amplified DNA fragment encodes for ribosomal protein S3 of Oryza minuta (Acc YP_009242005.1).Keywords: arginine decarboxylase, annealing, ADC, cassava, Maluku Tenggara, PCR
Using Lignosellulose Waste as a Xylanase Production Media of Mold Isolated from Rice Straw of Coastal-field
Authors: Utarti Esti , Siswanto S.
Published: July 2018

Hemicellulose is one of lignocellulose waste component, so that xylanase is one of importance enzyme of lignocellulose waste biodegradation. Molds as main decomposer lignosellulose waste has enzyme activities higher than yeast and bacteria. The aim of the research is to find mold that have xylanolitic activity using lignocellulose waste as media production. The research consist of isolations and screening mols from coastal-field of watu Ulo Jember, xylanase production using lignocellulose waste and idntification of mold which has the highes xylanase activity. A total of 66 molds isolated from rice straw in coastal-field of Watu Ulo Jember. There were screened for their xylanase activity. In semiquantitatively screen on Oat Spelt Xylan plate, the result showed that 62 have xilanolytic activities. Based on clearing zone production, isolates ESW A1 (3.2), ESW A5 (3.1), ESW C 16 (3.26), ESW D4 (3.0) and ESW D15 (3.21) have xilanase activity index higher than others. Furthermore, quantitative analysis using wheat bran, rice straw and baggase in basic salt Mandel’s modification media showed that xylanase activity of isolate ESW D4 was higher on rice straw 3% as substrate production with activity 2.66 U/mL. Isolate ESW D4 identified as Aspergillus foetidus so that called as Aspergillus foetidus ESW D4. Keywords: rice straw, coastal-field, Aspergillus foetidus ESW-D
Sete observações sobre a possibilidade de um trágico moderno – que poderia ser um trágico (do) quotidiano
Authors: Sarrazac Jean-Pierre
Published: July 2018

Nesse artigo, são examinados alguns aspectos e condições do trágico moderno e contemporâneo, um trágico que o autor chama de “drama-da-vida”, distante do paradigma da tragédia clássica, fundamentado na aniquilação da ação e do herói e no trágico quotidano da repetição cruel da vida banal.
O fim da tragédia
Authors: Borges Maria Orquídea Leite de Faria
Published: July 2018

O século das Luzes explora a via do debate oratório, quer seja no domínio filosófico, quer seja no domínio literário e dramático que se assume como a voz do anterior. Identificando-se com as luzes, que Miguel Baptista Pereira traduz como “a situação do homem no mundo em luta com o seu destino”, este século hasteia a bandeira do Homem ativo, lúcido, construindo o seu destino. A sociedade e o teatro interagem e mudam em simultâneo. Ambos se tornam espaços de reflexão e de discussão. Princípios não sujeitos à denegação - como a tolerância que fundamenta a igualdade defendida pela Revolução Francesa – são postos em discussão na cena teatral por Voltaire e também por Marie-Joseph Chénier, que apela aos espectadores para sair do impasse criado pelo confronto entre o patriotismo e a tolerância na sua primeira Azémire, em 1787.
A respeito de trágicos e ébrios
Authors: Gadelha Carmem
Published: July 2018

A pós-modernidade encena uma subjetividade descentrada; isto abala as noções de corpo próprio, social e coletivo. O capitalismo global precariza o trabalho, estabelecendo novos modos de produção material e simbólica. A pesquisa verifica a circulação da tragicidade em sua potência mesma, na derrocada da ação teatral. É imperativo examinar trajetórias de corpo, espaço e tempo: suportes para as narratividades.
De une femme laide a uma mulher feia: trajetória de uma adaptação no palco do Teatro de São Pedro de Alcântara
Authors: Rondinelli Bruna Grasiela da Silva
Published: July 2018

Este artigo apresenta a adaptação do vaudeville francês Une femme laide (1845), de Jules de Prémaray, para o palco do Teatro de São Pedro de Alcântara, no Rio de Janeiro, em 1846. Tendo em vista uma abordagem ancorada na História Cultural dos Espetáculos, discutiremos a estreia da peça, a sua censura, realizada por Martins Pena, assim como as mudanças textuais empreendidas na adaptação para o português.
A incorporação do pré-jogo: tentativas de formalização de um procedimento estranho
Authors: Arruda Rejane Kasting
Published: July 2018

O texto expõe um procedimento investigado na USP em pesquisa de doutorado. Trata-se de memorizar uma sequencia de palavras advindas de nomeações de figuras das artes plásticas, pensamentos e um texto-dado. O ator cria uma rubrica que memoriza através da repetição da escrita para transformá-la no ato de improviso onde a partitura física advém. O autor cria metáforas e articulações com Grotowksi, Stanislavski, Knébel e Lacan para formalizar o procedimento.
Mapa Teatro y la configuración de la ciudad neoliberal
Authors: Rizk Beatriz
Published: July 2018

En este ensayo seguimos de cerca el proceso que llevó a la instalación-acción-performance titulada Testigo de las ruinas del grupo colombiano Mapa Teatro. Fuera de ser un complejo compendio de acciones anteriores, el espectáculo representa una instancia en la que la categoría de “lo real” se toma el teatro, reafirmando la percepción de una sociedad dominada por los medios de comunicación. Asimismo se trata de la construcción de un espacio de encuentro de actores y no-actores con el fin de definir la subjetividad de una época por medio de la recuperación de la(s) memoria(s).
Performatividades: experimentaciones en la scena de Buenos Aires
Authors: Sagaseta Julia Elena
Published: July 2018

La performance y el teatro son dos formas artísticas  que tienen una larga relación de contradicciones, enemistades, confluencias. Pero al estudiarlas se ve que siempre han estado ligadas. Los artistas más audaces o con más ansias de investigar, hacen caso omiso a todas las críticas y se internan por ese camino de mezcla que resulta muy productivo y enriquece la escena. En este trabajo se tratará este tema con ejemplos del teatro de Buenos Aires.
Editorial
Authors: Editorial Equipe
Published: July 2018

O sétimo volume da revista Pitágoras 500 homenageia os 450 anos de nascimento de William Shakespeare, um dos maiores, quiçá o maior, dramaturgos de todos os tempos. Para tanto, apresentamos aos leitores o dossiê Shakespeare, palavra e cena, com nove artigos variados sobre a poética, a cena e a recepção brasileira da obra do bardo.
Pensar com o corpo: uma experiência sensorial da linguagem de Shakespeare
Authors: Holegrove Thomas
Published: July 2018

O artigo discute a relação entre o ator e a obra de Shakespeare. Propõe-se que, em cena, não haja diferenciação entre o ator e o texto, que a linguagem de Shakespeare se torne parte do corpo cênico, inseparável dos processos físicos, emotivos e pensantes que se mobilizam pela enunciação das falas do personagem. Ilustra-se esse argumento, discutindo-se a inter-relação entre a respiração, o pensamento e as estruturas semânticas do texto.
Editorial
Authors: Castro Rodrigo Spina de Oliveira
Published: July 2018

Editorial da Pitágoras 500
O Teatro do Cotidiano: epicidade e dramaticidade em A Procura de Emprego de Michel Vinaver
Authors: Kopelman Isa Etel , Munhoz Bruna Luiza
Published: July 2018

O ensaio examina na peça À Procura de Emprego de Mi- chel Vinaver os desdobramentos épicos e dramáticos no desenvol- vimento de seus temas. Partindo dos estudos de Jean Pierre Sarra- zac, procurou-se examinar aí uma poética de cunho intimista em torno de um sujeito atravessado por complexos sistemas afetivos/ linguísticos e existenciais. Nessa direção o artigo detém-se sobre uma escrita de crise que atinge não somente a tradição do dra- ma, mas o próprio evento cênico, o “próprio desejo da cena de se relacionar com todos os textos, inclusive os não literários”, como declara Sarrazac.
Da trama ao ato: por uma dramaturgia do ator
Authors: Nascimento Juliana , Silva Hebe Alves da
Published: July 2018

Este trabalho propõe uma abordagem crítica da noção de dramaturgia do ator, sua origem na teatrologia ocidental, seus signi- cados e usos correntes, tendo como ponto de partida as reexões de Eugenio Barba. Para tanto, propõe-se inicialmente uma reexão sobre a noção de dramaturgia e sobre as modicações de sentido e de utilização que o termo sofreu a partir do século XX, em sua interação com as transformações desencadeadas pelos encenadores.
O papel do espectador na dramaturgia das práticas contemporâneas
Authors: Macedo Vanessa Freitas de Paiva , Pereira Sayonara Sousa
Published: July 2018

Este artigo discute conceitos de dramaturgia e o papel do espectador na construção de sentidos de uma obra. Como procedimento de pesquisa foram realizadas entrevistas com artistas e pesquisadores paulistanos, atuantes nas práticas contemporâneas de dança. Além disso, dialoga com autores como Ana Pais, Nicolas Bourriaud e Flávio Desgranges.
OS MULTILETRAMENTOS NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE CONTINUADA E O ENSINO DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Costa Liliane Pereira da Silva
Published: July 2018

A formação docente continuada tem sido preocupação de diferentes esferas públicas, desde a federal até a municipal, uma vez que o professor é o elemento-chave na melhoria da qualidade do ensino. Assim o objetivo deste artigo é analisar atividades propostas em um curso de formação continuada oferecido na modalidade a distância, em âmbito federal. É alvo de análise neste trabalho as atividades propostas no curso de especialização “Educação na Cultura Digital – Língua Portuguesa – Ensino Médio”, parceria MEC-SEB-Proinfo/Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (LANTEC). A análise das atividades do curso oportuniza o levantamento de características que buscam fomentar os multiletramentos dos professores-cursistas envolvidos na formação, no atual contexto educacional, é urgente que os professores se apropriem de novas linguagens, novas mídias, dos multiletramentos. O pressuposto teórico que embasa a pesquisa é a pedagogia dos multiletramentos, proposta pelo Grupo de Nova Londres (GNL), em 1996.
CIBERVÍDEOS E MULTILETRAMENTOS NA EDUCAÇAO ONLINE
Authors: Santos Edméa , Martins Vivian
Published: July 2018

Pensando a partir das análises sobre multiletramentos, buscamos aprofundar conhecimentos a respeito dos vídeos na cibercultura, tendo como base a Educação Online. Em estudo exploratório, seis cibervídeos foram mapeados e serão abordados ao longo do texto: hipervídeo, microvídeo, videoaula, videoconferência, vídeo volátil e webinar. O objetivo principal é entrelaçar os cibervídeos com as produções, as teorias e as narrativas dos praticantes ciberculturais que emergiram de uma Oficina de Produção de Cibervídeos. O método para investigação foi a Pesquisa-formação na cibercultura, desenvolvida na graduação em Pedagogia da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O esforço em conversar com os dados oriundos do campo nos conduziu às seguintes noções subsunçoras: “videodocência” e “ciberexperiência audiovisual”.
POESIA AUDIOVISUAL: protagonismo criativo nas mídias digitais
Authors: Santos Adauto Damião dos , Barreiros Patrício Nunes
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados de um projeto de intervenção pedagógica desenvolvido numa escola da rede municipal de Santo Amaro-BA. Os alunos foram estimulados a explorar múltiplas linguagens, associando linguagem verbal, imagens, sons e movimento, construindo textos multimodais que foram disponibilizadas num aplicativo desenvolvido especialmente para o projeto de intervenção. O aplicativo Poesia Audiovisual permite que os usuários façam seus cadastros, postem, comentem e compartilhem suas criações poéticas, explorando a multimodalidade e promovendo a interação comunicativa de modo dinâmico, permitido que os estudantes exercitem o seu protagonismo no contexto das mídias digitais.
(MULTI)LETRAMENTOS, CIBERCULTURA E CULTURAS MIDIÁTICAS REGIONAIS
Authors: Silva Obdália Santana Ferraz , Anecleto Úrsula Cunha , Woitowicz Karina Janz , Gadini Sérgio , Moraes Nelson Russo de , Porto Junior Francisco Gilson Rebouças
Published: July 2018

A Revista Observatório apresenta seu quinto número de 2018, com capa produzida pelo colega, professor e artista Adriano Alves da Silva, trazendo dois dossiês especiais! O primeiro, intitulado (MULTI)LETRAMENTOS, FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E TECNOLOGIAS NA CIBERCULTURA, foi organizado pelos colegas Dra. Obdália Santana Ferraz Silva e Dra. Úrsula Cunha Anecleto, ambas da Universidade Estadual da Bahia (UNEB) e tem o objetivo de socializar as pesquisas sobre diversidade de práticas de letramentos que se desenvolvem na sociedade contemporânea. O segundo, intitulado MÍDIA, MEMÓRIA E CULTURA REGIONAL, foi organizado pelos colegas Dra. Karina W. Janz e Dr. Sérgio Luiz Gadini ambos do Grupo de Pesquisa Jornalismo Cultural e Folkcomunicação da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), e  tem como foco a memória e a cultura regional em face da (oni)presença das produções midiáticas.
ESTRATÉGIAS PARA DECODIFICAR FOTOGRAFIAS ADVINDAS DE TEORIAS FLUSSERIANAS: um exercício com fotorretrato criado por Richard Avedon
Authors: Drigo Maria Ogécia , Eisinger Rafael Bernardo
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o potencial comunicativo de fotorretratos, por Richard Avedon, por meio de sua decodificação. Para tanto, apresentamos, inicialmente, reflexões sobre as teorias de Flusser relativas à imagem técnica, com foco na fotografia; em seguida, apresentamos sugestões de estratégias para decodificar fotografias e as aplicamos na análise de um fotorretrato elaborado por Richard Avedon. Este artigo é importante por elaborar um percurso para análise de fotografias, valendo-se de teorias flusserianas.
NOVAS FORMAS DE SER E DE ESTAR NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE: o enlace entre aprendizagem e tecnologia digital em uma perspectiva sócio-dígito-inclusiva
Authors: Rosado Janaina dos Reis
Published: July 2018

Falar em tecnologia e aprendizagem na contemporaneidade é trazer para a cena discussões que envolvem as novas formas de ser e de estar no mundo mediadas pelas tecnologias digitais. Diferentes maneiras de conviver, de trabalhar, de se comunicar, de cuidar da saúde, de estudar surgem todos os dias do turbilhão transformações que acontecem diariamente resultado da interação das pessoas com as tecnologias digitais. As salas de aula que até então eram lugares consagrados de aprender coabitam com cenários diversos nos quais a aprendizagem pode acontecer mediada pelas tecnologias digitais e telemáticas.  Destarte, discutir e refletir sobre a aprendizagem e as tecnologias digitais em ambientes não escolares tem caráter de urgência no cenário atual e é este desafio que o livro Tecnologias & Aprendizagens: Delineando novos espaços de interação traz como seu tema central.
FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES DE PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA MATERNA NA BAHIA: reflexões sobre o mesmo tema?
Authors: Sacramento Ivana , Mendes Edleise
Published: July 2018

Neste artigo, defendemos que, ao focalizar um curso de formação continuada de professores de PLM, é imprescindível levar em consideração que o domínio da língua alvo a ser ensinada e da metodologia a ser empregada nesse processo são de suma relevância para alimentar a dinâmica e a qualidade da prática pedagógica. No entanto, os aspectos relativos à dimensão formativa do professor no que diz respeito a suas ações políticas e ao seu papel transformador da realidade são também parte essencial de sua formação e responsável pelo desenvolvimento de posturas didático-pedagógicas mais sensíveis aos sujeitos envolvidos nas práticas de ensinar e aprender línguas, as quais têm ocupado um lugar secundário nos programas de formação de professores, sobretudo os governamentais.
Technical Features of Tsuruta Dam Redevelopment Project
Authors: Sakamoto Koji ,   Sendaigawa River Office, Kyushu Regional Development Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)
 20-2 Higashiosyouji-cho, Satsumasendai-city, Kagoshima 895-0075, Japan, Takayama Yoshimitsu , Yamamura Shoichiro
Published: July 2018

In general, redevelopment projects of existing dams can significantly reduce the social, financial, and environmental impacts on a community in comparison to the construction of new dams. In addition, as redevelopment projects of existing dams can accomplish the project purpose more quickly than new construction, the expectation is that such projects will be required more frequently. Tsuruta Dam was constructed in 1966 as a multipurpose dam on the first-class Sendai River. After an unprecedented flood in July 2006, a redevelopment project of the dam began in April of the following year (2007). The project was required to minimize the effect to the flood control function of Tsuruta Dam and to minimize the effects to the power generation company, the dam user. Construction work of the upstream-side cofferdam included a reservoir construction at a significant depth of 60 m or more and a dam body drilling work, and had to be conducted under a complicated and tight schedule. This paper is intended to summarize the Tsuruta Dam redevelopment project as an introduction of the experience and technology obtained and provide some lessons to future redevelopment projects of existing dams.
Quantification of the Risks on Dam Preliminary Release Based on Ensemble Rainfall Forecasts and Determination of Operation
Authors: Inomata Hironori ,   Water Cycle Division, River Department, National Institute of Land and Infrastructure Management, Ministry of Land Infrastructure Transport and Tourism 1 Asahi, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-0804, Japan, Kawasaki Masaki , Kudo Shun
Published: July 2018

Preliminary release conducted at multipurpose dams is the operation which aims to temporarily increase their flood control capacity by releasing water stored for water utilization ahead of a flood based on rainfall forecasts. However, if rainfall forecasts overestimate actual rainfall, there is a risk that the volume needed for water utilization may not fully recover after preliminary release. Consequently, because of apprehension of such a risk, preliminary release has been seldom operated in Japan. This paper introduces the determination of preliminary release based on ensemble rainfall forecasts. First, the two risks related to preliminary release were defined at first. One is the flood control operation for extreme floods, which is conducted when preliminary release has not been conducted or inadequately conducted, whereas the other is the water level may not fully recover to the level needed for water utilization if preliminary release is decided based on rainfall forecasts overestimating actual rainfall. Next, these two risks were quantified using the results from ensemble rainfall forecasting and hydrological simulation. Finally, based on the quantified risks, the operation of preliminary release was decided. The experimental simulation of preliminary release based on ensemble rainfall forecasts was conducted. The flood caused by Typhoon Man-yi in 2013 is selected as the experimental flood, and the Hiyoshi Dam as the experimental dam, where the flood control operation for extreme floods was conducted during the flood. The simulation results of the experimental flood showed that flood control operation for extreme floods would still be required notwithstanding the increased flood control capacity generated by preliminary release. However, the results also showed the possibility that preliminary release can delay flood control operation for extreme floods and considerably reduce the maximum outflow compared with the maximum outflow that would be required when no preliminary release is conducted. In addition, the study found that ensemble rainfall forecasting can be an effective tool to support the formation of a consensus among stakeholders such as dam managers and water users by quantifying and visualizing the risks associated with preliminary release, which cannot be accomplished with the conventional deterministic rainfall forecasting.