bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. Bumi Sarana Utama Menggunakan Metode Economic Value Added (EVA)
Authors: Mansurya Mansurya , Akbar Idris Abdi , Anwar Anwar
Published: November 2021

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. Bumi Sarana Utama during 2015 to 2019 using the method Economic Value Added (EVA). Data collection used using documentation techniques. The results showed that the value of the Economic Value Added (EVA) of PT. Bumi Sarana Utama during 2015, 2016, 2018, and 2019 was negative (EVA < 0) which means the company is not able to provide or generate economic added value in its operational activities. Even though they had a positive value in 2017, they could no longer maintain this condition in 2018 and 2019. This was due to a consistent decline in operating profit (NOPAT) and changes in the capital structure whose value fluctuated and tended to decline as a result of the changing urgency of asphalt demand. to the concrete and make the EVA value of PT. Bumi Sarana Utama continues to have a negative trend.
Penjatuhan Hukuman Pidana Mati terhadap Tindak Pidana Narkotika
Authors: Novrianza Novrianza , Subroto Mitro
Published: November 2021

The death penalty can be described as a form of punishment regulated in law number 35 of 2009 which regulates the abuse of narcotics crimes. This death penalty legislation has caused various kinds of confIicts because the death penalty is not in accordance with the 1945 constitution which is contrary to human rights and many also argue that the death penalty must be implemented in order to have a deterrent effect on the perpetrators of narcotics abuse. This form of death penalty is the most cruel and sadistic form of punishment because this punishment kills a person's life. this type of research is done by means of a qualitative approach. The purpose of this study is to find out the imposition of the death penalty for narcotics crimes. Results showed if the application of the death penalty can only be against acts of criminal acts were limits of humanity, threatening the lives of many people, destructive to human life, and may damage the nation's economy. The imposition of the death penalty is not against human rights. along pejustified afirstasan human rights.
Pengaruh Free Cash Flow dan Financial Leverage Terhadap Earning Management dengan Good Corporate Governance sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Kosasih Tjindrawati , Paramitha Melvie
Published: November 2021

Earning Management is one of the various efforts that can be made by companies in engineering the numbers in the financial statements so that the company's financial statements can be seen in good condition for investors and other readers. This study aims to determine the effect of free cash flow and financial leverage on earnings management with good corporate governance as a moderating variable in transportation service companies. This study uses data from 26 transportation service companies from 2017-2019 that have been listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data analysis technique used in this study is the Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis method where PLS analysis is an analytical method that is not based on many assumptions or conditions and can handle many variables at once even though there is multicollinearity in these variables. The results show that free cash flow and financial leverage have no effect on earning management and good corporate governance cannot moderate the relationship between free cash flow and financial leverage on earning management.
Kontestasi Politik Perempuan Dalam Diskursus Gender dan Ekonomi Politik
Authors: Assidiq Fajar , Triguswinri Krisnaldo
Published: November 2021

Dampak implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2011 tentang Partai Politik Menyertakan Keterwakilan Perempuan Minimal 30 persen (Affirmatif Action) dinilai berdampak pada aspek kuantitatif, namun pada aspek kualitatif. Hal ini terjadi karena penerapan kebijakan ini cenderung diartikan sebagai pelunasan administratif oleh partai politik (parpol) peserta pemilu. Hingga akhirnya muncul kenyataan bahwa memang pertumbuhan rekrutmen politik di daerah meningkat, namun dalam konteks kontestasi politik jarang sekali kandidat perempuan pendatang baru dari hasil rekrutmen politik tersebut yang memenangkan kontestasi. Kondisi tersebut tidak bisa terlepas dari perkembangan kontestasi politik Indonesia yang mengarah kepada politik plutokrasi, sehingga hanya kandidat yang memiliki modal materil kuat saja yang mungkin memenangkan kontestasi politik. Oleh karena itu, sulit rasanya bagi kandidat perempuan yang mereka bukan merupakan kandidat petahana, oligarki maupun yang merepresentasikan oligarki untuk dapat memenangkan kontestasi politik. Pada akhirnya, kontestasi mereka hanya sebatas “pelengkap penderita.” Contoh konkret kenyataan tersebut adalah penyelenggaraan Pileg 2019 di Cilacap. Dalam hal ini, meskipun kuota 30 persen dipenuhi sebagai syarat, yang berdampak pada cukup banyaknya caleg perempuan pendatang baru yang mengikuti kontestasi, namun yang memenangkan kursi parlemen DPR-RI hanya tiga orang, yaitu; 1) Teti Rohatiningsih, istri Bupati Cilacap, Tatto Suwarto Pamuji; 2) Novita Wijayanti, caleg petahana dan anak perempuan oligarki Cilacap, Franz Lukman; 3) Siti Mukaromah, caleg petahana yang merepresentasikan kekuatan politik Nahdliyin di Cilacap dan mendapatkan sokongan penuh dari Ketua Umum Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa (PKB), Muhaimin Iskandar. Namun demikian, dalam penulisan artikel ini akan lebih banyak menyoroti fenomena kandidasi Teti Rohatiningsih. Hal tersebut dilakukan atas urgensi meskipun Teti Rohatiningsih merupakan caleg perempuan pendatang baru, namun berhasil “lolos” kebijakan zip sistem dengan mendapatkan nomor urut kecil (2). Selain itu, Teti Rohatiningsih juga berhasil menang dengan predikat suara terbanyak. Kemenangan ini disinyalir karena melibatkan latar belakang suaminya untuk pengadaan patronase dan klientelisme sebagai alat mobilisasi suara. Oleh karena itu, untuk menjangkau kekayaan data tersebut, artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskipsikan fenomena sosial yang bersifat holistik dalam natural setting.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan dalam Penerbitan Sertifikat Tanah di Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kabupaten Nagan Raya
Authors: Ikhwal Mauliza  , Ilhamsyah Fadhil , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the quality of service in the issuance of land certificates at Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN) Nagan Raya Regency. This research is qualitative research with a post-positivist approach. In this study the data obtained by researchers from observations, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study note that the certainty of the time and method of service in the issuance of land certificates at the BPN Nagan Raya Regency is still not done well. This is because officers still often extend the process of making land certificates, then in terms of the cost of obtaining land title certificates at the Nagan Raya BPN office, there are still many people who feel dissatisfied because there are additional costs that must be met by the community such as transportation costs for officers. Then regarding the obstacles that are often encountered by officers in terms of issuing land certificates are the frequent occurrence of disputes or disputes over land, incomplete files in the management of land certificates, boundary stakes, and lack of timeliness. Therefore, it is expected that employees at the Nagan Raya Regency BPN Office can provide accurate explanations to the community when processing land certificates both in terms of completeness of files, costs and time required by employees, so that with this the community can feel good service and comfort. and employees can carry out their duties according to the tempo that has been given to the community.
Sistem Informasi Pariwisata Kabupaten Pemalang Selatan yang Berbasis Web
Authors: Nailun Ni’mah Afina
Published: November 2021

The web-based South Pemalang Regency tourism information system is used as a tool in delivering information on tourist and cultural areas in Pemalang Regency to people who want to know tourist areas in Pemalang Regency. The web-based Pemalang Regency tourism information system is one form of regional tourism promotion in Pemalang Regency, in order to attract tourists to visit Pemalang Regency. The research methods used include direct observation, interviews with related parties, and literature studies related to the issues raised. The application development methodology that the author uses is the waterfall model. The programming language used is Sublime Text using mysql as the database. This research is useful as a medium of information and promotion of tourism potential in Pemalang Regency, so that people will be more familiar with regional tourism places in Pemalang Regency. The more tourists who visit, the income of the area and the surrounding community will increase.
Aplikasi Pemesanan Tiket Travel Berbasis Android Menggunakan Metode Waterfall
Authors: Maulana Misbah Baharudin , Murdiani Deni
Published: November 2021

Sadam Jaya Travel is a company engaged in transportation, namely travel between provinces in Java Island. So far the service of purchasing travel tickets by prospective passengers is still conventional, which is only limited to booking services via SMS or phone directly to the driver or kernet. This condition raises the problem of often forgetting the driver to pick up prospective support so that there are often complaints by prospective passengers. Therefore, a system is needed that can manage prospective passengers who book tickets to be recorded. In this research I intend to design the Sadam Jaya Travel application in the hope that the problems that have arisen can be resolved properly. The application development methodology that the author uses is a waterfall process with stages of analysis, design, implementation, testing, maintenance. The results of this study resulted in the Sadam Jaya Travel application using Android Studio with Kotlin and Firebase languages as a database and can be implemented properly using the Waterfall method and resulting in 100% accepted testing.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, Opini Auditor, Dan Umur Perusahaan Terhadap Audit Delay Pada Perusahaan Sektor Perdagangan Eceran
Authors: Juanta Darwen , Ratih Suklimah
Published: November 2021

Audit Delay is the duration needed for completion of the financial statement audit performed by the auditor measured from the date of the company's annual financial statements, to the date of the issuance of the independent audit report. The longer an Audit Delay will have a negative impact and will delay the publication of financial statement information which can affect economic decision making. The purpose of this study is to examine and determine the effect of Profitability, Company Size, Auditor Opinion, and Company Age on Audit Delay in retail trade sector companies in 2017-2019. This study uses data from retail trade sector companies in 2017-2019. After selecting the sample, there were 21 companies selected in this study. The statistical test used in this research is a descriptive statistical test. While the hypothesis test used multiple linear regression tests. The results of this test indicate that (1) Profitability and Auditor Opinion have negative effect on Audit Delay. (2) based on the conducted research, it can be seen that company size and company age have no effect on audit delay.
Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Arus Kas Operasional, Dan Net Profit Margin (Npm) Terhadap Return Saham
Authors: Stepanus David , Ratih Suklimah
Published: November 2021

Return merupakan sebuah hasil yang diperoleh dari suatu investasi. Dalam berinvestasi diperlukan pengamatan bagi para investor dalam menanamkan modal agar dapat meminimalisir kerugian dari menanamkan modal, ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi besar kecilnya return dalam perusahaan. Dari internal perusahaan maupun dari eksternal perusahaan. Oleh sebab itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Arus Kas Operasional, dan Net Profit Margin (NPM) terhadap Return Saham pada perusahaan Otomotif tahun 2015-2019. Metode pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling sehingga peneliti mendapatkan 11 perusahaan yang sesuai kriteria pada tahun 2015-2019, sehingga penelitian yang dianalisis sebanyak 55 sampel. Teknik pengujian dalam penelitian ini berupa uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda, uji koefisien determinasi, dan uji T. Hasil penelitian yang menunjukkan bahwa Ukuran Perusahaan, Arus Kas Operasional, dan Net Profit Margin tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Return Saham.
Penerapan Hukuman Mati terhadap Narapidana Lanjut Usia Ditinjau dari Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Romadhon Dwi Saputra Fitrian , Subroto Mitro
Published: November 2021

Hukum adalah media dalam merubah masyarakat dan bisa juga disebut rekayasa sosial. Indonesia sebagai Negara Hukum dengan Hukum Positif, yaitu Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) masih memberlakukan sanksi pidana berupa Pidana mati. Hakikatnya pidana mati adalah hukuman dengan menghilangkan nyawa terpidana. Namun penerapan pidana mati menimbulkan causa celebre (pemicu) munculnya kembali polemik terhadap pro dan kontra pada putusan pidana mati. Khususnya dilakukan kepada narapidana yang telah lanjut usia. Sebab ada ketentuan yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 1998 tentang Kesejahteraan Lanjut Usia yang membahas mengenai hak-hak dari terpidana yang telah lanjut usia. Lalu pada sudut pandang hak asasi manusia, hukuman mati tidak bertentangan dengan sumber hukum-hukum nasional maupun internasional, misal Undang-undang Dasar 1945, Undang-undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia, Universal Declaration on Human Rights 1948, maupun International Covenant on Civil and Politica Rights 1966. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah yuridis normatif dan deskriptif analitis
Optimality Conditions Using Convexifactors for a Multiobjective Fractional Bilevel Programming Problem
Authors: Kohli Bhawna
Published: November 2021

In this paper, a multiobjective fractional bilevel programming problem is considered and optimality conditions using the concept of convexifactors are established for it. For this purpose, a suitable constraint qualification in terms of convexifactors is introduced for the problem. Further in the paper, notions of asymptotic pseudoconvexity, asymptotic quasiconvexity in terms of convexifactors are given and using them sufficient optimality conditions are derived.
Construction of a simple and selective electrochemical sensor based on Nafion/TiO2 for the voltammetric determination of olopatadine
Authors: Mehmandoust Mohammad , Mehmandoust Amirhossein , Erk Nevin
Published: November 2021

A selective and facile voltammetric method based on titanium dioxide nanoparticles and Nafion (Nafion/TiO2 NPs) on the screen-printed electrode (SPE) was proposed for olopatadine determination. Followed by the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles, various methods, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) Raman spectrum, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were utilized to characterize the nanomaterials. Nafion/TiO2 on the screen-printed electrode (NFN/TiO2/SPE) was used to determine olopatadine in concentration ranges of 0.01 to 0.07 and 0.07 to 14.6 µM with a limit of quantification as low as 7.0 nM, via differential pulse voltammetry technique. The NFN/TiO2/SPE offered a high-performance ability to determine olopatadine in the eye drop sample with satisfactory recovery data of 98.2–99.0 %. Also, the developed electrode showed good reproducibility, repeatability, and high selectivity features. The obtained results indicate that NFN/TiO2/SPE could be utilized as an appropriate candidate for electrochemical olopatadine sensing.
Moisture swelling and shrinkage of pine wood versus susceptibility to robotic assembly of furniture elements
Authors: Turbański Wojciech , Sydor Maciej , Matwiej Łukasz , Wiaderek Krzysztof
Published: November 2021

Moisture swelling and shrinkage of pine wood and susceptibility to robotic assembly of furniture elements. Background and Objectives. Processing technology, storage conditions and wood properties affect the actual dimensions of wooden elements. It was decided to experimentally check how the dimensions of samples, made of the selected wood species, will change under the influence of different storage conditions, typical for industrial environments. And especially how these changes will affect the susceptibility to assembly of upholstery frame rails that form a box joint. Materials and Methods. The tests were performed on three series of rails made of Scotch pine wood. Each tested series consisted of 12 elements. First, the five dimensions forming the box joint were measured. Then, each series was exposed to different conditions: in the industrial hall (air of RH = 29-48% and t = 16-24°C), in the compressor room (RH = 24-51%, t = 13-27°C) and outside in a covered shed (RH = 20-50%, t = 3-23°C). After 35 days the dimensions were measured again. Results. It was found that the average moisture content decreased and the dimensional deviations increased in the samples stored in the production hall and in the compressor room. In samples stored outside, the mean moisture content did not change, but the dimensional deviations increased significantly. Discussion. The storage of wooden elements increases the deviations from assigned dimensions. Exposure to repeated changes in moisture content and ambient temperature, even without changing the final moisture content of the elements, results in greater dimensional changes than storage under more stabilized conditions that reduce wood moisture content. Conclusions. The shrinkage and swelling of wood due to changes in its moisture content are not fully reversible, therefore, apart from maintaining the appropriate temperature and air humidity during storage, it is important to keep these conditions unchanged.
The Effect of Graphene Coating on Surface Roughness and Friction Properties of Polyester Fabrics
Authors: MANASOGLU Gizem , CELEN Rumeysa , AKGUN Mine , KANIK Mehmet
Published: November 2021

In this article, the surface roughness and friction coefficient values of graphene coated fabrics were examined. Fabrics were coated with three different graphene concentrations (5 %, 10 % and 20 %) with the knife-over-roll principle. The surface roughness of samples was measured by Accretech Surfcom 130A. Various surface roughness parameters of the coated fabrics were evaluated. Static and kinetic friction coefficients of coated fabrics were measured by Labthink Param MXD-02 friction tester using the standard wool abrasive cloth. It was observed that the coating concentration affected the frictional and roughness properties of fabrics. Experimental results showed that fabric surface roughness and friction coefficient values decreased significantly, especially at 20 % concentration. It was concluded that the coated fabrics produced could be used in applications such as anti-wear clothing.
Is Duodenal Ulcer Perforation in Adolescents Different from Duodenal Ulcer Perforation in Adults?
Authors: Sayan Ali , Mert Mehmet , Oztan Mustafa Onur , Ozdemir Tunc , Köylüoğlu Gökhan
Published: November 2021

Background: Duodenal ulcer perforations (DUP) are missed in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen because they are less common in children than in adults. Delay in diagnosis may cause morbidity or even mortality. It was aimed to raise awareness about DUP in adolescent by comparing the data of adolescent cases treated in our clinic with the adult cases' data in the literature. Objectives: We reviewed the clinical characteristics of nine male patients with DUP, ages between 14 and 17 years, admitted to our clinic between January 2007 and June 2020 retrospectively. Literature data on DUP in adults were reviewed. Methods: The obtained data were compared with the data of adult patients in the literature. Results: Patients were reported to have symptoms such as abdominal pain and vomiting that lasted for 1 - 30 days on average in 8 patients, and nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs were used all patients except 2 patients. There was diffuse tenderness at the abdomen in all of the remaining patients and in 7 patients intraabdominal free air was observed. Perforation was repaired with omentoplasty in all patients. Unlike the adult population, DUP adolescents are more related to NSAID use rather than Helicobacter pylori infection and complicated surgical techniques were not required because the cases were generally not complicated. Conclusions: Although it is rarely seen in adolescents and shows certain differences compared to adult patients, the anamnesis and physical examination of the patients should direct the physicians to the DUP. Differences from adult population should be considered in diagnosis and treatment.
Comparison of the Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Neurofeedback, and Neuro-Linguistic Programming on Reducing the Rate of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress
Authors: Mirmoradzehi Sibi Mozhdeh , Shirazi Mahmoud , Kahrazei Farhad , Ghiasi Zahra
Published: November 2021

Background: Depression, anxiety, and stress are the most common mental disorders almost experienced by human beings. Nowadays, due to the coronavirus outbreak, people are becoming more vulnerable to these disorders. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the comparison of the effect of 3 treatment methods, named neuro-linguistic programming (NLP), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and neurofeedback (NFB), on patients suffering from disorders mentioned above. Methods: The research design selected for the present investigation was a quasi-experimental method consisting of pretest and posttest given to 3 experimental groups [i.e., NFB (n = 15), tDCS (n = 15), and NLP (n = 15)] and 1 control group (n = 15). The statistical population was included patients who had been referred to mental health experts at comprehensive health service centers in Zahedan, Iran (2020). The sampling procedure was based on a simple random method with a population of 68 subjects (60 main samples and 8 alternatives). Following the completion of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) questionnaire, data were collected and then analyzed step by step using SPSS version 23. Results: The results of the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test showed that there would be significant decrease in the mean scores of depressions, anxiety, and stress between the pre-and posttest scores of the subjects in the treatment groups (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: NLP, tDCS, and NFB were significantly effective in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and stress. Considering the importance of the findings, non-pharmacological methods could be effective in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and stress.
Public art as research in the open
Authors: Hohlfeldt Marion
Published: November 2021

In 1979, the Chilean artist Alfredo Jaar staged his first public intervention in the context of military dictatorship. His inquiry on states of happiness anticipated a working method that Jaar has been following since. In taking Studies on Happiness as an early example of social aesthetics, this article will show that the work itself is not only seen as the product of making (poïesis), but that the process itself is seen as the embodiment of knowledge, the dwelling and outcome of an intended action. However, this action is not simply an act in the everyday (praxis), but as an intended action it is intelligent in itself and calls for the practical wisdom of acting (phronesis). As soon as the project includes a relational process and forms of participation, both in nature of unforeseeable outcome, the aim is no longer the production of a (common) object; rather, it is the social relation itself, established through the aesthetic or “boundary” object that puts into action the relation as well as the reflection on the conditions of its becoming. We will assess how play and phronesis can mediate between research and art by creating a situational knowledge, that is both critique and contributory: a research in the open.
Dramaturgies of reality – shaping and being shaped by things
Authors: Eeg-Tverbakk Camilla
Published: November 2021

New dramaturgy expands beyond the theatre and stage, working on the ways in which things in each time and space are organised and produce meaning. I link this to object-oriented ontology (Morton, 2013; 2016; 2018) and the ethics of relating to things (Benso, 2000) in my discussion of three works of art in public space: House of Commons (2015) by Marianne Heske, Movimento HO (2016) by Eleonora Fabião, and The Viewer (2019) by Carole Douillard. All three works temporarily introduce specific material into a public space, working with time to open up the ‘thingliness’ (Heidegger, 2001/1971) of the material, thus changing the dramaturgy of the place and how people relate to it. The works subtly introduce the potential of experiencing reality in new ways, changing narratives through a reciprocal process of shaping and being shaped by things. This is the result of the fact that every thing is always in motion, morphing without purpose or direction. ‘Things rock’, as Timothy Morton puts it. I use Morton’s concept of tuning, and Silvia Benso’s concept of tenderness when discussing how the materials in the three works – a house, bricks and human bodies – tune into a place, and how the viewer also tunes through what Benso calls ‘tender touch’, sometimes touching the material concretely, at other times touching the common ground or breathing the same air.
Changing public spheres – from Eastern European underground to international platforms
Authors: Ulekleiv Line
Published: November 2021

This essay explores the work of at artists from different generations who have dealt with restrained public spheres, counteracted by their work: Russian Ilya Kabakov (b. 1933), Czech Kateřina Šedá (b. 1977) and the collective digital platform Harabel in Albania. Many artists who worked within the Soviet Union were subjected to extremely deman­­ding conditions. All the same several found ways of collaborating in col­lec­tive strategies, as in the case of Ilya Kabakov, who ‘defected’ in 1989 in New York. In the west the reception of Kabakov´s art has to a large extent been reductionistic in the sense that it was initially culturally biased, tied directly to biography and nationality rather than understood as fundamentally multifaceted. Šedá’s situation is a very different one, working within a social and conceptual conception of art. She has repeatedly engaged a variety of local societies in combining city planning, daily life, politics and the private sphere in her art. In Albania a younger generation of artists has created communication networks across geographic boundaries with a main focus on digital platforms. The question the essay revolves around is the following: How does one conceive of artistic approaches to the collective in the aftermath of totalitarian systems?
Artistic research in processes of urban change
Authors: Myrvold Charlotte Blanche
Published: November 2021

Can the figure of the city of knowledge be an inspiration to commissioning of artistic research in contexts of urban change? This article argues that it represents a way beyond the seemingly dead ends that have been forged by the temporary and creative city. This article presents some initial reflections on this subject and reflects upon how artistic research expands the roles ascribed to public art.

The conceptual approach to understand the relations between knowledge and the development of cities applied in this article, draws on the idea that cities are learned developed by urban geographer Colin MacFarlane (MacFarlane, 2011). The article applies MacFarlane’s concept to artistic research in public space and argues that artistic research as public art can move divisions between what is extra-public and public, known and unknown. Drawing on public art projects that have relations to the urban development of Bjørvika, the article argues that artistic research of the city produces new ways to “learn the city” and conceive change.
Researching public art and public space
Authors: Schmedling Olga
Published: November 2021

This special issue is devoted to research on the changing paradigms of public art, and of public spaces. Today all art can be characterized as public since it is mediated via relational networks. The shift of paradigm from modernist art to contemporary art coincides with this shift of paradigm – from consumption to communication – in the sense that advanced art practices had already absorbed the change from individual mediation to relational networks. In the communication network of relations, artists and works are constitutive elements. Without the works and the artists, the relational network does not exist, and vice versa: Without the network of relations, neither artists nor works are made visible. This constitutive reciprocity of relations is decisive both for theorists doing research on public art and art in public spaces, as well as for artists who are doing research in public spaces.
The composition of the lung microbiome differs between patients with dermatomyositis and rheumatoid arthritis associated with interstitial lung disease
Authors: Lou Yueyan , Wei Qing , Fan Bijun , Zhang Liyan , Wang Xiaodong , Chen Zhiwei , Tan Xiaoming , Zheng Yu
Published: November 2021

Dermatomyositis and rheumatoid arthritis are inflammatory diseases that affect the skeletal muscles and joints, respectively. A common systemic complication of these diseases is interstitial lung disease (ILD), which leads to a poor prognosis and increased mortality. However, the mechanism for the initiation and development of ILD in patients with dermatomyositis is currently unknown. In the present study, we used 16S rRNA high‐throughput sequencing to profile the bacterial community composition of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with dermatomyositis associated with ILD (DM‐ILD; shortened to DM below), rheumatoid arthritis associated with ILD (RA‐ILD; shortened to RA below) and healthy controls (N) aiming to understand the differences in their lung microbiota and to predict gene function. We found that there were more operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the lung microbiota of both RA and DM compared to N, although there was no significant difference in the number of OTUs between RA and DM. Similarly, the diversity in alphaproteobacteria differed between RA and DM compared to N, but not between RA and DM. The lung microbiota of RA, DM and N was mainly comprised of five phyla: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria, with 10 dominant genera. Despite the similarity in microbiota composition, we also identified 41 OTUs of lung microbiota that differed among RA, DM and N. Additionally, linear discriminant analysis effect size and linear discriminant analysis genus scores confirmed that 31 microbial biomarkers were clearly distinguished among RA, DM and N. The functional and metabolic alterations of the lung microbiota among RA, DM and N were predicted using picrust, and differentially abundant KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways were identified. Research on the lung microbiota of patients with DM and RA may open new opportunities for developing biomarkers to identify high‐risk patients.
Researchers hope psilocybin could improve quit rates for smokers
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: November 2021

With nicotine being one of the most addictive substances and the available treatments for nicotine addiction leading to no better than a 30% success rate, it's no wonder that a newly announced multisite study of the psychedelic psilocybin for smoking cessation is generating excitement. While taking care not to oversell the potential of this strategy, those involved with the research hope at least that a large study with a diverse population will help identify who might eventually benefit most from the alternative approach.
Federal funding for fentanyl test strips
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: November 2021

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) announced in April that federal funding may now be used to purchase rapid fentanyl test strips (FTSs), which can be used to determine if drugs have been mixed or cut with fentanyl, providing people who use drugs and communities with important information about fentanyl in the illicit drug supply so they can take steps to reduce their risk of overdose.
Scalable Fabrication of Microcellular Open‐Cell Polymer Foams
Authors: Chu Raymond K. M. , Mark Lun Howe , Park Chul B.
Published: November 2021

Open‐cell foams are foams with porous, interconnected cellular structure. This unique structure has given open‐cell foams the versatility to be used in different types of applications including acoustics, filtration, membranes, and bioscaffolds. Conventional open‐cell polymer foams comprise mainly thermosetting and/or crosslinked materials; such materials are difficult to process and have limited end‐product recyclability. This article presents a commercially viable molding process to fabricate open‐cell foams using noncrosslinked thermoplastic polypropylene (PP). Highly open‐cell and/or reticulated structures at an open‐cell content of 84% are attained. The strategies employed in molding of PP foam with high open‐cell degree include: 1) use of mold‐opening method to achieve high void fractions; 2) reduction of cell‐wall thickness through increasing the cell densities via controlled crystallization; and 3) use of low viscosity or low melt‐strength polymer resins to promote cell‐wall opening. The molding process proposed may be extended to other semicrystalline thermoplastic materials for fabricating recyclable open‐cell foams.
Self‐Organization Postprocess for Additive Manufacturing in Producing Advanced Functional Structure and Material
Authors: Chi Jinchun , Agea Blanco Boris , Bruno Giovanni , Günster Jens , Zocca Andrea
Published: November 2021

Additive manufacturing (AM) is developing rapidly due to its flexibility in producing complex geometries and tailored material compositions. However, AM processes are characterized by intrinsic limitations concerning their resolution and surface finish, which are related to the layer‐by‐layer stacking process. Herein, a self‐organization process is promoted as an approach to improve surface quality and achieve optimization of 3D minimal surface lightweight structures. The self‐organization is activated after the powder bed 3D printing process via local melting, thereby allowing surface tension‐driven viscous flow. The surface roughness Ra (arithmetic average of the roughness profile) could be decreased by a factor of 1000 and transparent lenses and complex gyroid structures could be produced for demonstration. The concept of self‐organization is further elaborated by incorporating external magnetic fields to intentionally manipulate magnetic particles, which are mixed with the polymer before printing and self‐organization. This concept can be applied to develop programmable materials with specific microtextures responding to the external physical conditions.
Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Nickel‐Reduced Graphene Oxide Coating with Corrosion Resistance in High‐Temperature and High‐Pressure CO2 Environment
Authors: Wang Bingying , Zhao Yongmin , Ran Chaofan , Qin Zhi , Chi Yuhua , Liu Enyang
Published: November 2021

A novel superhydrophobic nickel‐reduced graphene oxide (sNi‐rGO) coating is fabricated successfully on an N80 steel substrate using a simple electrodeposition method combined with a directly elevated current approach. The results show that the water contact angle (WCA) of the coating is 162.87° when the concentration of graphene oxide (GO) is 0.6 g L−1. The autoclave experiments indicate that the coatings still maintain superhydrophobic and corrosion resistance under high‐temperature and high‐pressure CO2 condition. The density functional theory calculations are employed to investigate the adsorption models of carbonate (CO32−) on the surfaces of iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), and rGO to further verify the CO2 corrosion resistance mechanism of the sNi‐rGO coating.
Effect of Film Microstructure on Domain Nucleation and Intrinsic Switching in Ferroelectric Y:HfO2 Thin Film Capacitors
Authors: Buragohain Pratyush , Erickson Adam , Mimura Takanori , Shimizu Takao , Funakubo Hiroshi , Gruverman Alexei
Published: November 2021

One of the general features of ferroelectric systems is a complex nature of polarization reversal, which involves domain nucleation and motion of domain walls. Here, time‐resolved nanoscale domain imaging is applied in conjunction with the integral switching current measurements to investigate the mechanism of polarization reversal in yttrium‐doped HfO2 (Y:HfO2)—currently one of the most actively studied ferroelectric systems. More specifically, the effect of film microstructure on the nucleation process is investigated by performing a comparative study of the polarization switching behavior in the epitaxial and polycrystalline Y:HfO2 thin film capacitors. It is found that although the epitaxial Y:HfO2 capacitors tend to switch slower than their polycrystalline counterparts, they exhibit a significantly higher nucleation density and rate, suggesting that this is a rate‐limiting mechanism. In addition, it is observed that under the external fields approaching the activation field value, the switching kinetics can be described equally well by the nucleation limited switching and the Kolmogorov‐Avrami‐Ishibashi models for both types of capacitors. This signifies convergence of two different mechanisms implying that the polarization reversal proceeds via a homogeneous nucleation process unaffected by the film microstructure, which can be considered as approaching the intrinsic switching limit.
A Personalized Acoustic Interface for Wearable Human–Machine Interaction
Authors: Lin Zhiwei , Zhang Gaoqiang , Xiao Xiao , Au Christian , Zhou Yihao , Sun Chenchen , Zhou Zhihao , Yan Rong , Fan Endong , Si Shaobo , Weng Lei , Mathur Shaurya , Yang Jin , Chen Jun
Published: November 2021

Communication and interaction with machines are changing our ways of life. However, developing an acoustic interface that simultaneously features waterproofness, wearability, high fidelity, and high accuracy for human–machine interaction remains a grand challenge. Herein, a waterproof acoustic sensor (WAS) as a wearable translation interface to communicate with machines is reported. Owing to the sound‐response ability of internal microparticles, the WAS holds a significantly broad frequency response range of 0.1–20 kHz, covering almost the entire human audible range. The WAS is stable against human perspiration, shows omnidirectional response, and displays an excellent frequency detection resolution of 0.0001 kHz. With a collection of compelling features, the WAS can serve as a wearable acoustic human–machine interface and a high‐fidelity auditory platform for music recording. Moreover, the WAS‐based acoustic interface holds a remarkable 98% accuracy for speech recognition with the assistance of an artificial intelligence algorithm. Finally, the WAS‐based acoustic interface demonstrates speaker verification and identification for implementation in highly secure biometric authentication systems and wireless control of an intelligent car using speech recognition. Such a WAS‐based acoustic interface represents the advancement of high‐fidelity translation platforms for human–machine interactions toward practical applications, including the Internet of Things, assistive technology, and intelligent recognition systems.
An Extracellular Matrix‐Liposome Composite, a Novel Extracellular Matrix Delivery System for Accelerated Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Lee Keel Yong , Nguyen Huong Thanh , Setiawati Agustina , Nam So‐Jung , Kim Minyoung , Ko Il‐Gyu , Jung Won Hee , Parker Kevin K. , Kim Chang‐Ju , Shin Kwanwoo
Published: November 2021

The unfolded states of fibronectin (FN) subsequently induce the formation of an extracellular matrix (ECM) fibrillar network, which is necessary to generate new substitutive tissues. Here, the authors demonstrate that negatively charged small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) qualify as candidates for FN delivery due to their remarkable effects on the autonomous binding and unfolding of FN, which leads to increased tissue regeneration. In vitro experiments revealed that the FN‐SUV complex remarkably increased the attachment, differentiation, and migration of fibroblasts. The potential utilization of this complex in vivo to treat inflammatory colon diseases is also described based on results obtained for ameliorated conditions in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC) that had been treated with the FN‐SUV complex. Their findings provide a new ECM‐delivery platform for ECM‐based therapeutic applications and suggest that properly designed SUVs may be an unprecedented FN‐delivery system that is highly effective in treating UC and inflammatory bowel diseases.
Enzyme‐Mediated Intracellular Polymerization of AIEgens for Light‐Up Tumor Localization and Theranostics
Authors: Qi Guobin , Liu Xingang , Shi Leilei , Wu Min , Liu Jingjing , Liu Bin
Published: November 2021

Improving the enrichment of drugs or theranostic agents within tumors is vital to achieve effective cancer diagnosis and therapy with reduced dosage and damage to normal tissues. In this work, an enzyme‐mediated aggregation‐induced emission fluorogen (AIEgen) intracellular polymerization strategy that can simultaneously promote the accumulation and retention of the AIEgen in the tumor for prolonged imaging and enhanced tumor growth inhibition is described. An AIEgen‐peptide conjugate (D2P1) and cyanobenzothiazole‐cysteine (3CBT) that can undergo rapid condensation reaction to form nanoaggregates in tumor cells are rationally designed. Upon tumor‐specific cathepsin protease reaction, the cleavage of peptides induces condensate polymerization between the exposed cysteine and 2‐cyanobenzothiazole on 3CBT, triggering accumulation of D2P1 into the tumor site, leading to fluorescence light‐up. Such enzyme‐mediated polymerization of D2P1 and 3CBT alters cellular motility via disrupting actin organization and in turn inhibiting cell proliferation. In addition, due to the built‐in intrinsic photosensitization property of the AIEgen, the accumulation of D2P1 can remarkably promote the tumor photodynamic therapy effect in vivo under light irradiation. This study thus represents the enzyme‐mediated intracellular polymerization system with high potential to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes of tumors in vivo.
Porous ZnO/rGO Nanosheet‐Based NO2 Gas Sensor with High Sensitivity and ppb‐Level Detection Limit at Room Temperature
Authors: Chen Ziwei , Guo Haojie , Zhang Fusheng , Li Xiaowen , Yu Jiabing , Chen Xianping
Published: November 2021

High‐performance gas sensors are highly desirable for environmental monitoring, clinical medicine, and industrial production. Herein, a gas sensor with excellent sensing response at room temperature is presented based on zinc oxide/reduced graphene oxide (ZnO/rGO) composites. The ZnO/rGO composites with various contents of rGO and the pure ZnO are successfully fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method. Particularly, the ZnO/rGO sensor with 1.5 mL of the rGO exhibits highest sensing response in a wide range from 5 ppb to 10 ppm NO2 concentration and its response arrives at 13.46 when exposed to 2 ppm NO2 at room temperature. Furthermore, ZnO/rGO sensors show short response time (2 ppm, 26 s) and recovery time (2 ppm, 164 s) at room temperature. The proposed ZnO/rGO sensors present high sensitivity, excellent reproducibility, and stability. In addition, the density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the increased electrical conductivity under exposure of NO2 gas are attributed to the numerous reactive sites and carrier mobility of rGO. These results demonstrate that ZnO/rGO gas sensor has huge potential for applications in industrial and environmental monitoring.
Nanosecond Laser Switching of Phase‐Change Random Metasurfaces with Tunable ON‐State
Authors: Alvarez‐Alegria Miguel , Siegel Jan , Garcia‐Pardo Marina , Cabello Fatima , Toudert Johann , Haro‐Poniatowski Emmanuel , Serna Rosalia
Published: November 2021

Random metasurfaces based on disordered phase‐change nanostructures with broadband ultraviolet–visible plasmonic properties are fantastic platforms for the development of active photonic components due to their versatility. Here optical ON–OFF switching upon nanosecond laser irradiation of Bi‐based random metasurfaces is demonstrated profiting from the solid–liquid phase transition of the Bi nanostructures. The fast switching time is revealed by using single‐pulse real‐time reflectivity measurements with sub‐nanosecond temporal resolution. A sudden reflectivity decrease is observed upon laser excitation, triggered by heating and melting of the embedded Bi nanostructures of the metasurface. This transient state of low reflectivity remains constant until the Bi solidifies upon cooling, recovering the initial reflectivity level, and showing full reversibility of the process. The duration of this ON‐state, defined by characteristic low reflectivity values, can be tuned from 10 to >700 ns by adjusting the nanostructure components of the metasurface and laser fluence. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that this ON–OFF switch process is repeatable for more than 100 000 times without observable degradation of the metasurface. These results pave the way for the development of a new generation of fast, robust, and integrable nanophotonic switching devices.
Synthesis of Organoselenium Compounds with Elemental Selenium
Authors: Ma Yang‐Tong , Liu Miao‐Chang , Zhou Yun‐Bing , Wu Hua‐Yue
Published: November 2021

In the recent decade, growing efforts have been devoted to employing elemental selenium as a selenium source in organic synthesis. In contrast to unstable, smelly, and toxic previous selenium reagents, elemental selenium is readily available, cheap, bench‐stable, and easy to handle. This review will mainly focus on the strategies for the activation of elemental selenium and the synthesis of organoselenium compounds including monoselenides, diselenides, selenium‐containing heterocycles and so on.

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A Thermostat‐Consistent Fully Coupled Molecular Dynamics–Generalized Fluctuating Hydrodynamics Model for Non‐Equilibrium Flows
Authors: Liu Xinjian , Korotkin Ivan , Rao Zhonghao , Karabasov Sergey
Published: November 2021

The thermostat‐consistent fully coupled molecular dynamics–generalized fluctuating hydrodynamics method is developed for non‐equilibrium water flow simulations. The model allows for strong coupling between the atomistic and the continuum hydrodynamics representations of water and shows an improved stability in comparison with the previous formulations of similar multiscale methods. Numerical results are demonstrated for a periodic nano‐scale Poiseuille flow problem with SPC/E water. The computed time‐averaged velocity profiles are compared with the analytical solution, and the thermal velocity fluctuations are well reproduced in comparison with the equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation. Several options to account for the long‐range electrostatics interactions available in GROMACS are incorporated in the model and compared. It is demonstrated that the suggested non‐equilibrium multiscale model is a factor of 4 to 18 faster in comparison with the standard all‐atom equilibrium molecular dynamics model for the same computational domain size.