bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of addition of carbon nanoparticles on gasoline to power and fuel consumption
Authors: Suarta I M , Rahtika I P G S , Sunu P W , Ngafwan
Published: March 2020

The concerns about the continuity of energy supply have sparked the idea of many people to find things that can be used to save fuel use. One of the popular ways developed at this time is the addition of carbon nanoparticles. Carbon nanoparticles are carbon particles with a range size of 1/1, 000, 000, 000 m. Rice hust nanoparticle carbon with chemical characteristics (magnesium, aluminium, silica, potassium) are non-ferrous metal elements. The addition of carbon nanoparticles in the fuel serves as a catalyst (conductor of heat) in the burning process of the fuel. The carbon chemical content will add carbon to the fuel. The mass of rice hust carbon nanoparticles is which dissolved in gasoline fuel, causing molecules in the fuel to increase mass concentration and make sorter distance between molecules. Carbon nano additives can create micro explosions in the combustion process. Micro explosions will increase the pressure produced in the combustion chamber, also the micro explosion will accelerate the combustion process. With increasing pressure and combustion speed will increase the power produced.
Experimental analysis of fluids discharge in cooling tower condenser distillation model
Authors: Adiaksa I M A , Wibolo A
Published: March 2020

The application of traditional cooling distillation devices is carried out naturally where hot steam is left in the condenser tube. The heat transfer occurs depends on outdoor temperatures (20-25 degree C). The heat transfer is also felt to be ineffective because the time needed is quite long (2-3 hours). Based on these problems, we design a heat exchanger by applying cooling tower model to distillation condenser. Tests are carried out by experimental methods on devices designed to obtain the required temperature data. It is expected to obtain an effective heat transfer rate in terms of the amount of cooling fluid flow. Good difference from average heat transfer rate of 153.276 W/m degree C at discharge 2 l/min to an average of 168.758 W/m degree C at discharge 4 l/min. Increased heat transfer rate is 10.1 percent when fluid discharge is added 2 l/min. The increase in heat transfer rate is 13.7 percent when the fluid discharge is added to 4 l/min from the initial discharge of 2 l/min. The test results show that cooling water fluid discharge influences the rate of heat transfer that occurs because the cooling fluid can be more in contact with cooling area.
Design and fabrication of a CNC router machine for wood engraving
Authors: Bangse K , Wibolo A , Wiryanta I K E H
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this research was to designing and fabrication a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) based router machine for wood engraving machine. The idea behind this research was to help the traditional woods craft men in Bali to make a craft more productive and more efficient. The router machine that is made is driven by the driver in the form of a stepper motor, with a 3 axis motion so that the results of wood engraving obtained are precision and homogeneous. G-code program used on CAM processing uses MACH 3 software. The workspace of the machine was 800 mm x 500 mm. The stepper motor driven with TB 6600 driver and combined with ball screw on linear bearing to make the motion more precisely. The test result showed that the machine accuracy is about 99.5 percent for X and Y axis and 96 percent for Z axis.
Balinese green building model emphasizing on criteria of energy efficiency and conservation
Authors: Santosa I D M C , Arsana M E , Sukadana I B P , Sunu P W
Published: March 2020

As an international tourist destination, Bali becomes an island which has thousand tourist accommodation. Energy consumption for the accommodation getting increased year by year. This study was examined the energy efficiency and conservation for some commercial building and hotel in around Bali using green building standard approach. Firstly, auditing energy has been done and analysis to get energy consumption index comply with green building standard. Secondly, the energy efficiency model and conservation has been developed based on audit data, standard, references, and Balinese green philosophy “Tri Hita Karana (THK)”. As a result, obtained that Balinese green Building emphasizing on energy efficiency and conservation aspect have some criteria including, inhabitant’s behaviour, energy regulation, energy saving appliances/devices, building aesthetic and energy consideration, renewable energy, and VAC load control. This aspect was examined in this research. This aspect involved 13.59 percent weighting from overall assessment point which are including: energy conservation campaign, simple commissioning, MVAC control, lighting power density and control, energy monitoring and control, electrical equipment and appliances. These criteria have average similar weight point and integrated one and each other. The next goal for this model implemented is net zero energy building technology.
Drain water heat recovery horizontal for energy conservation and reduction of CO2 emissions
Authors: Sudirman  , Sudana I M , Ardita I N , Baliarta I N G
Published: March 2020

One of methods to reduce energy consumption for hot water heating is install of Drain Water Heat Recovery (DWHR) units. The purpose of using this device is to take the thermal energy of the warm drainage water and transfer it to incoming cold water. Many DWHR systems work optimally in a vertical position. Due to the waste water flow in drain pipes. But these requirements are prohibitive to be applied on a large scale of this technology, as many buildings do not have enough space to accommodate the vertical DWHR in their sewage drainage system. This paper presents testing and analysis of the horizontal DWHR system. The result of the test showed the level of effectiveness of the horizontal DWHR unit created by 25.54 percent. Implementation of this technology in regional area, is one of the potential opportunities for energy saving, and reduce CO2 gas emissions.
Thermogravimetric investigation of Reutealis Trisperma (Blanco) airy shaw and iron sand as bed material at different heating rates pyrolysis
Authors: Rajendra I M , Winaya I N S , Ghurri A , Wirawan I K G
Published: March 2020

This study observed the effect of bed material in the pyrolysis process. Also, other parameter such as the heating rate have been observed. The biomass studied is Sunan Candlenut cake. This biomass is a potential commodity as a producer of biodiesel. Through the method of mechanical press and esterification, it will leave waste in the form of a cake that still contains crude oil. Trapped oil can be converted into bio-oil through the pyrolysis technique. Parameters that affect the pyrolysis process include the addition of bed material and heating rate. Pyrolysis of this candlenut cake has been tested to determine the amount of activation energy. Heating rates are varied to 5, 10 and 20 K per minute and bed material used is iron sand. The testing instruments uses Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The results show that the lowest activation energy of 15.497 [KJ/mol] is achieved when added iron sand at the heating rate of 10 K per minute.
On-site study the influences of load factor on power consumption and performance of air conditioning system for a commercial building
Authors: Suamir I N , Arsana M E , Sudirman  , Temaja I W , Wibolo A
Published: March 2020

On-site study was held to investigate the influences of load factor on power consumption and energy performance of water-cooled air conditioning (WCAC) system. A comprehensive measurement has been conducted to a WCAC plant of a supermall building located in West Java, Indonesia. Hourly and daily power consumption and performance characteristics of the WCAC system at varied load factors for a period of one year were evaluated. Regression analyses were developed to evaluate the influences of load factor on the WCAC power consumption and performance. The WCAC system was found to operate with varied load factor ranging from 70 percent to 100 percent. Power consumption of the system was strongly influenced by the load factor. Power consumption boosted when the power factor increased. The increase of load factor was also found to significantly improve the cooling capacity but reduce the coefficient of performance (COP). The best potential performance of the investigated WCAC system could be obtained at load factor between 70 percent and 85 percent.
The influence of coconut sap heating temperature on the content of alcohol elements in arak distillation process
Authors: Sudana I M , Waisnawa I G N S
Published: March 2020

The process of making wine by distilling coconut sap through the process of condensation of steam that is heated so that it becomes alcoholic wine. Prototype distillation of coconut juice by heating using a gas stove. The results of the study showed that there was an effect of heating duration on alcohol content in coconut juice, at 85 Degree Celsius, 90 Degree Celsius and 95 Degree Celsius, the time taken was 0 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes. The average alcohol content at 85 Degree Celsius, 0 minutes with 72 percent, 10 minutes with 69 percent, 20 minutes with 66 percent, and 30 minutes with 63 percent. For a temperature of 90 Degree Celsius, 0 minutes are 56 percent, 10 minutes are 54 percent, 20 minutes are 51 percent and 30 minutes are 49 percent. While the temperature of 95 Degree Celsius, 0 minutes by 34 percent, 10 minutes by 32 percent, 20 minutes by 29 percent and 30 minutes by 22 percent. Significance probability value is 0.00. Greater than 0.05 then the hypothesis is rejected, meaning there is a significant difference in the heating time to the alcohol content for 0 minutes to 30 minutes.
Solar photovoltaic system with self-consumption in villa
Authors: Sugiartha N , Sugina I M , Widiantara I B G , Tri Putra I D G A , Indra I B P
Published: March 2020

Grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) installations equipped with net metering devices become significant interests among villa owners in urban areas. Such devices can help to make sure of exporting excess power to the grid as well as to favor the self-consumption ratio. The self-consumption means that the owners directly utilize PV power production. This paper is aimed at simulating the energy and economic performances of a 3.24 kWp grid-tied PV system applied in the villa. The case study is a private villa located at Tibubeneng, Bali Province, Indonesia. The Sunny Design Web simulation tool is used for the PV system assessment. The simulation results reveal that the energy yield of the PV system is 4, 653 kWh/year, out of which 300 kWh/year is feeding to the grid. The self-consumption and self-sufficiency ratios are 93.5 percent and 35.6 percent, respectively. The PV system also delivers a performance ratio of 81.4 percent, the specific energy yield of 1, 436 kWh/kWp, and the payback period of 9.3 years.
Experimental and numerical optimization on chilled water configuration for improving temperature performance and economic viability of a centralized chiller plant
Authors: Suamir I N , Sudirman  , Ardita I N , Santanu G
Published: March 2020

This research aimed to simulate and optimize chilled water circuit system of a central air conditioning plant applied for a five-star hotel in Bali Island, Indonesia. This optimization was performed because temperature of chilled water distributed to the loading system could not satisfy room temperature requirement. Detailed measurements have been taken on the AC system included refrigeration system of the chillers, chilled water and cooling water distribution, cooling load, heat rejection and pumping systems. Thermodynamic analyses on the system energy performance were carried out. Numerical simulations were also established to evaluate chilled water flow rate in the primary and secondary circuits. The measurement and simulation results showed there was unbalanced chilled water flow rate between primary and secondary circuits and the chilled water flow rate did not comply with rule of flow ‘primary flow must always be equal to or greater than secondary flow’ resulted in the cooling load coils lost their cooling capability. Optimization on the chilled water flow rate between primary and secondary circuits by implementing variable speed pumping system incorporated balancing valve was estimated to be potentially improve temperature performance and economic viability of the chiller plant operation.
Optimization of electricity generation from marine sediment of Kendari Bay using stacked sediment microbial fuel cell
Authors: Sudarman R , Zaeni A , Usman I , Alwahab  , Hidayatulloh I
Published: March 2020

Marine sediments of Kendari Bay has the potential as an alternative source of electrical energy through sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) due to the high level of sedimentation. This study aims to optimize the amount of electrical voltage that can be generated through the SMFC system using stacked SMFC in the form of a series connection. The research methods include determining the sampling location, physical-chemical properties measurement of sediments, SMFC assembly (single and stacked SMFC), and electrical voltage measurement. Three station points representing the overall condition of Kendari Bay are determined as sampling locations. The result shows that there was a decrease in the organic matter content of the sediment substrate after the use of SMFC namely organic carbon from 2.78 percent to be 2.68 percent due to microbial activity in sediments. The single SMFC from station 2 (S2) can produce the maximum electrical voltage of 438 mV which then optimized using stacked SMFC in series connection. The maximum electrical voltage of 2.174V can be obtained using stacked SMFC. These results show that marine sediments of Kendari Bay is interesting as an alternative energy source through SMFC and stacked SMFC could optimize the amount of electrical voltage from single SMFC.
Design of assembly tools at woodworking and upholstery workstations with PUGH’s Method to improve productivity
Authors: Silaen D T H , Herdiman L , Susmartini S
Published: March 2020

This study is a research on manufacturing processes field, especially in the assembly process with a single workstation. This research was conducted on the implementation of manufacturing process of making lecture chairs at the Industrial Engineering Department at Sebelas Maret University. In this research, an assembly tool was designed to solve the problem of high time needed to complete the assembly process of the backrest and cushion seat components and work stations that are not ergonomic. The assembly tool design stages are based on a structured approach of Ulrich and Eppinger (2015) so that it’s good to develop new products and concept selection using the PUGH method to find out the concepts with the highest ranking and best fit the design criteria. This research involved 3 stakeholders, namely operator, lecturer, and assistant. The alternative concept chosen using components are pull-push toggle clamp, gas spring, M6 bolt, multiplex, cam buckle tie down, self-aligning ball bearings, aluminum extrusion 3030. Data on work productivity were tested with Paired T-Test at a significance level of 5 percent. The results showed that by using an ergonomic assembly tool design on woodworking and upholstery workstations, assembly cycle time increased significantly by 63.78 percent.
Work facilities design for people with paraparesis at hemming machine work station using TRIZ Method
Authors: Novianto M A , Herdiman L , Susmartini S
Published: March 2020

The number of disability employee in Indonesia increases every year due to traffic accidents, natural disasters, and diseases. It reached 16.81 percent of the total Indonesian workforce until 2017 [1]. According to the law which explains disability, each private company must employ disabled employee for at least 1 percent and state-owned companies must employ disabled employee for at least 2 percent from all employees. In fact, the regulation has not been implemented due to negative society views on disability. Therefore, it is necessary to empower paraparesis people to work independently so that negative views from the society can be eliminated. Empowerment of people with paraparesis at Balai Besar Rehabilitasi Sosial Penyandang Disabilitas Fisik (BBRSPDF) Prof. Dr. Soeharso Surakarta was conducted by training on the development of the hemming machine. Their legs are not able to use pedals, so they need work facilities to accommodate the design of work facilities based on participatory approach to determine user needs. Participatory approach was conducted with distributing questionnaires. Change of operation hemming machine which previously used feet changed using the elbows cause technical contradictions in design of work facilities. Technical contradiction problem can be solved using TRIZ method.
Design of pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis early detection system based on adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system
Authors: Santoso M Y , Disrinama A M , Amrullah H N
Published: March 2020

The results of Basic Health Research in 2018 showed the prevalence of pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia 4.0 percent and 0.4 percent, respectively. However, with a minimal number of lung specialists, the handling of lung disease will be too late. There are only 600-700 lung specialists in Indonesia. This amount is very less when compared with existing lung disease cases. The use of ANFIS for early detection of lung disease is growing. However, the system designed is still used for one type of disease. This research will design an expert system based on ANFIS to detect lung disease early, i.e. for pneumonia and pulmonary TB. Subtractive clustering is used for clustering process. The results of the training showed that both models were able to give better performance compared to the model built using conventional clustering methods. The test results show that both models have comparable performance compared to their counterpart.
Evaluation in design of walker trainer for spatial ataxic athetoid cerebral palsy children using kinect sensor as observation method for assessing body posture on walking
Authors: Widiandoko F , Herdiman L , Susmartini S
Published: March 2020

Balance is a general term that explains the dynamism of body posture to prevent someone from falling. During the child’s growth sensory and motor disorders can be happen that reduce the ability to walk. Celebration Palsy (CP) is a type of disability that attacks child motor disorders. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the body balance of the CP child when using a walker trainer to assess body posture using the REBA method. The test running when the CP child is walking using a walker trainer, then a picture of the child’s posture will be taken using the Kinect Sensor Microsoft XBOX One. Then do posture analysis using the REBA method and 3DSSPP software to find out the comparison results before and after using a walker trainer. The result from REBA score when using an old walker give a score of 9 with a level of risk in musculoskeletal risk, while REBA score when using a new walker give a score of 5. Low back compression result from 3DSSP software when using old walker is 807.7 lb and when using a new walker of 531.8 lb. this result can be accepted by respondents and within safe limits.
Natural posture while working reduces the risk of deteriorating concentration and quality of health
Authors: Widana I K , Sumetri N W , Sutapa I K
Published: March 2020

Occupational health is a very important aspect in determining the life expectancy. The high life expectancy is correlated with the quality of occupational health of workers and will have an important meaning if in carrying out activities the workers have good concentration and health. The purpose of this study is to look at the relationship of posture when working with occupational health and concentration. Improved posture by improving the workstation so that the body is always in a natural attitude. The research method is an experimental study using the treatment by subjects who worked before and after intervention. Ten carving artists participated as research subjects. Data were tested by two pair sample t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results show that utilizing natural posture can improve health quality and concentration. Indicators of occupational health such as workload decreased by 18.67 percent, namely 132.56 bpm in period I to 107.81 bpm in period II. Musculoskeletal disorders decreased by 14.27 percent, from a score of 55.63 in the first period to 47.69, as well as concentration indicators, such as speed, accuracy and constant all showing better signs after treatment, so it can be concluded that the improvement workers’ body posture.
Shifting of the neutral line at a v-bending process of AISI 1015 steel plate
Authors: Purwadi W , Bandanadjaja B , Idamayanti D
Published: March 2020

During a forming process of steel plate microstructural changes occurs in the material. The outside part of the material experiences tension while compression stress takes place in the inner side. Constant uniaxial load, speed and temperature were applied on the V bending of 4 mm thick low carbon steel plate. Microstructural observation and hardness test were carried out on the cross-section area of the plate to assess the changes within the material. It is revealed that an offset of the imaginary neutral line to the inner side has occurred. The elongation of stretched material on the outer side, which is associated with microstructural changes of grain shape, orientation and hardness value does not exceed the proportional plastic area.
Effect of interlamellar spacing on tensile strength gray cast iron with copper variations
Authors: Siswanto A , Widodo R , Ardiansyah E
Published: March 2020

Gray cast iron is a type of cast iron which has a flakes graphite forms that have vibration damping properties, as well as good mechanical properties, so this material is widely used in various types of equipment and structures. Addition of necessary elements is one way to improve the mechanical properties of gray cast iron. Giving the portion of copper can increase the formation of graphite on eutectic transformation but reduce the formation of graphite on eutectoid transformation, thereby increasing the amount of pearlite. The results of the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) test showed an increased number of pearlites, followed by increasingly interlamellar spacing. Denser interlamellar spacing is obtained by increasing the percentage of a copper element in gray cast iron. The results of tensile testing conducted in this study also showed that an increase in the percentage of copper is able to increase the tensile strength. So, it can be concluded that an increase in the portion of the amount of copper element produces closer interlamellar spacing and increases thereby its tensile strength.
A rule-based approach with multi-level feature taxonomy for recognition of machining features from 3D solid models
Authors: Pratama A , Media R I
Published: March 2020

Numerous approaches in recognition of intersecting and isolated features have been proposed in the last several decades. However, they are limited to features with topologically fixed shapes and restricted to isolated machining features since they are dependent on the predefined patterns or rules. In the present work, a rule-based approach is developed to accommodate intersecting features with variable topology shapes. The proposed approach classifies the features according to the multi-level feature taxonomy. In the first level, features are categorized into three groups of primitive features according to their loops and edges types. In the second level, pockets and holes are identified from their primitive feature attributes while visibility maps are adopted to recognize slots and steps features. Intersecting features are identified based on adjacency relationships among face members of the features. On the other hand, pre-defined rules are still utilized in restricted application to identify special machining features. In addition to that, the proposed approach has been implemented to recognize machining features in the industrial parts model in the b-rep format. The implementation result shows the proposed methodology has enlarged the number of identified features up to 55.7 percent compare to the existing method in a commercial software.
Dynamics study of proof jigging ship due to changes in hull geometry
Authors: Haryanto E , Siswandi B
Published: March 2020

Speedboats that serve the Bengkalis-Pekanbaru route continue to suffer losses because there are no passengers, so they have to stop operations. For this reason, development is carried out by changing the function of ships from passenger ships to cargo ships by modifying several ship hull geometries. changes made to the hull changed some dimensions and ratios of the ship. Dynamics study due to changes in the main size of the vessel uses seakeeper numerical simulation. The evaluated hull model has a size of 19.7 meters, width of 3.6 meters, height of 2.21 meters and draft of 1, 135 meters. With a computer-based method to evaluate the motion of the ship, Evaluation results from hull model at 0 knots speed maximum RAO heave is in heading 90 degree with an amplitude of 1, 206 m, RAO roll motion is heading 90 degree with an amplitude of 6.642 degree and RAO pitch motion heading 0 degree with an amplitude of 1.203 degree. At speed 20 knots the maximum RAO heave motion is heading 180 degree with an amplitude of 2.058 m, RAO roll is heading 90 degree with an amplitude of 6.684 degree and RAO pitch motion is heading 0 degree with an amplitude of 1.884 degree.
Analysis of discharge energy on deep and non-deep cycle accumulator on solar cell-based power source
Authors: Sugiarta I N , Suparta I N , Sudiartha I W , Teresna I W , Narottama A A N M
Published: March 2020

Standard battery usually used for solar cell storage is an industrial type of battery that has a deep cycle battery. However, the disadvantage is that the price is too expensive for the public compared to no-deep cycle batteries in the market. With 300-Watt peak solar panels the average charge energy of 1.2 kWh non deep cycle is equal to 405.19 Watt-h and deep cycle is equal to 457.28 Watt-h. For boiling 2.5 litters of water with an induction cooker in steam setting the average discharge energy of non-deep cycle is 514.8 Watt-h and deep cycle is 503 Watt-h. The percentage of SoC charge energy non-deep cycle from 49 to 98 percent and deep cycle from 71 to 98 percent, discharge energy non-deep cycle from 98 to 32 percent and deep cycle from 98 to 71 percent My paper observer comparative discharge energy on deep and non-deep cycle accumulator on solar cell-based power source. We found the gap decrease SoC in non-deep cycle is equal to 66 percent is bigger than the non-deep cycle and it is equal to 27 percent. The percentage of SoC charge and discharge deep cycle accumulator is more stable.
Optimization of tilt angle on-grid 300Wp PV plant model at Bukit Jimbaran Bali
Authors: Sugirianta I B K , Sunaya I G A M , D Saputra I G N A
Published: March 2020

Optimum tilt angle of the photovoltaic (PV) modules are needed for determining the optimum solar energy producing in some specific area. Currently, there is no data for the optimum tilt angle in the area of Bukit Jimbaran Bali. In this paper, the optimization of the tilt angle of the on-grid 300-Wp PV plant model is presented using the PV system software simulation with solar radiation data are from Metronome 7.2. The system specifications on this research use a standard type module system, ground base disposition mounting, monocrystalline cell technology, and free-standing ventilation property. Using azimuth from 0 to 180 degrees in each direction and tilt angle from 0 to 90 degree with 1-degree interval, the simulations found that for fixed solar panels in a year, the optimum tilt angle values are from 12 to 18 degree in the azimuth of 0-degree direction with the system output at 528 kWh/year. The tilt angle is changed every six months, and for April to September, the optimum tilt angle is 32 degree at the azimuth of 0 degrees, while in October to March is in 24 degrees at the azimuth of 180 degrees with the system output at 561 kWh/year.
High-resolution spatiotemporal patterns of China’s FFCO2 emissions under the impact of LUCC from 2000 to 2015
Authors: Zhao Jing , Cohen Jason Blake , Chen Yating , Cui Weihong , Cao Qianqian , Yang Tengfei , Li Guoqing
Published: March 2020

Fossil fuel carbon dioxide (FFCO2) emissions have become a principal driver behind the increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration and spatiotemporal variations of atmospheric CO2 in the urban surface layer. This study quantifies the 2000–2015 urban high-resolution spatiotemporal patterns of China’s FFCO2 emissions under the impact of the land-use and land-cover change. Multi-source data were used together with various up-to-date geostatistics and spatial analysis methods. FFCO2 emissions were determined to rise over the 15 years in the highest emitting cities in the South and East of China. The high-value clusters inside of all cities expanded outward from their city centers and in some cases transferred to economic development zones or new city centers, while the expansion speeds and variation time were found to differ significantly. We found further that then FFCO2 emissions spatial distribution is interconnected with diverse factors: urbanization, and either croplands (rainfed, irrigated, and post-flooding) or native vegetation, being the two most important. As expected, the increase in urban areas was associated with increased FFCO2 emissions, while the wettability in croplands or the increase in native vegetation have an association with the decrease of FFCO2 emissions. Unlike previous studies, we have found no change associated with changes in water cover. Finally, while the primary source of FFCO2 emissions is still coal, there has been a gradual move to cleaner energy (natural gas in Beijing) or more efficient industrial processes (Wuxi and Dalian), although diverse industrial structures and energy efficiencies exist. Over time, the current spatial patterns of FFCO2 emissions in China will conflict with these trends at the macroscale.
Mean-field inference methods for neural networks
Authors: Gabrié Marylou
Published: March 2020

Machine learning algorithms relying on deep neural networks recently allowed a great leap forward in artificial intelligence. Despite the popularity of their applications, the efficiency of these algorithms remains largely unexplained from a theoretical point of view. The mathematical description of learning problems involves very large collections of interacting random variables, difficult to handle analytically as well as numerically. This complexity is precisely the object of study of statistical physics. Its mission, originally pointed toward natural systems, is to understand how macroscopic behaviors arise from microscopic laws. Mean-field methods are one type of approximation strategy developed in this view. We review a selection of classical mean-field methods and recent progress relevant for inference in neural networks. In particular, we remind the principles of derivations of high-temperature expansions, the replica method and message passing algorithms, highlighting their equivalences and complementarities. We also provide references for past and current directions of research on neural networks relying on mean-field methods.
The performance of low crested breakwaters as a sand trap for shore protection
Authors: Munandar Fikri Aris , Triatmadja Radianta , Yuwono Nur
Published: March 2020

The low crested breakwater (LCB) is considered as a new coastal protective structure which has not been widely used compared to other coastal protection structures. LCB has more advantages than conventional ones such as breakwaters, requiring lower cost and aesthetically not disturbing nature because of its position which is below sea level so it is suitable for beach tourism.

Studies on low crested breakwaters are mostly about the ability to absorb energy waves and how beach responded to the structure. However, the study on the ability of this low crested breakwater such as a sand trip is still limited. Therefore, this study aims to observe the breakwater’s performance as a sand trap for shore protection and the effect of the parameters on the performance.

This study was conducted on the plexiglass wave made with a length of 18 m, a width of 0.3 m and a depth of 0.45 m. Wave parameters (height and period) and structure parameters (height and width) were employed as a reference in this study. This research was conducted by varying the waves, height and water depth. The results indicate that the number of transport sediment tends to be increased following the wave height (Hi), the water depth at the height of the structure (Rc) and reduced wavelength (L). The type and position of a wave breaking also affect the amount of transport sediment.
The effect of crystalline material addition to concrete quality
Authors: Nataadmadja Adelia Dwidarma , Setyandito Oki , Suangga Made , Kosasi Sonny
Published: March 2020

To improve the moisture susceptibility of concrete structure that will be exposed to water, an admixture should be added. One of the additives that can be added is Xypex C-1000 NF, which a crystalline material. A number of past studies have shown that this additive is effective in improving the moisture resistance of concrete structure. However, the application of this additive in Indonesia was found to be challenging as the performance of the concrete mixture was not as good as expected. This research aims to evaluate the effect of adding various percentages of this additive, various amount of water to be added to the concrete mixture, and the methods of mixing the materials, which are wet and dry methods, by looking at both the slump value and the compressive strength of the concrete specimens. From the research results, it was found that the methods used to mix the additive matter to produce a desirable concrete quality. The wet mix method is the preferable method as it produces less variations in compressive strength test results regardless of the additional water amount. It was also found that, by using both dry and wet mix methods, the usage of Xypex C-1000 NF can improve the compressive strength value.
Effectivity analysis of the application of TIA (total impervious area) and EIA (effective impevious area) in a micro scale watershed (case study on Sugutamu sub-watershed)
Authors: Hanan Nisrina , Sutjiningsih Dwita , Anggraheni Evi
Published: March 2020

There are two methods that can be used to calculate the area of impervious cover on a watershed, Total Impervious Area (TIA) and Effective Impervious Area (EIA). Calculation of impervious cover generally uses the TIA method. Recently, based on several researches, EIA is the better indicator for identifying surface runoff discharge. This study aims to analyze the difference of surface runoff discharge using both TIA and EIA methods in different scales of an urban watershed area, specifically the Sugutamu sub-watershed and Sugutamu catchment area. Land cover identification with the TIA method uses the Rupa Bumi Indonesia map of 2017. While for the EIA method, the land cover identification uses the 2017 visual interpretation of high-resolution satellite imagery from the software GIS. FTUI and Cibinong stations have been selected as the daily rainfall data for the surface runoff simulation of the watershed and the catchment area using the software HEC-HMS. The result of the simulation shows that the EIA method in the urban catchment area has a more significant impact. In conclusion, the use of EIA should be considered more in micro-scaled modelling of an urban watershed’s surface runoff.
Green building incentive model during design recognition to ensure the reliability of green building operation and maintenance achievement
Authors: Berawi Mohammed Ali , Basten Van , Latief Yusuf , Crévits Igor
Published: March 2020

A low number in green building development cause the building construction will have an immense direct and indirect impact on future generations. This paper identified the optimum incentive model driving the building efficiency achievement in green building operation and maintenance. Critical factors that influence building consultant and contractor decision in green building design and construction toward the operation and maintenance achievement planned were analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) methods. Precisely, the study modelled the regional policy affecting building efficiency achievement in the developing country. This research already identified the way of green building stakeholders’ operations and maintenance in the capital city of Indonesia. Quantitative method using case study analysis already validated for the questionnaire data. The PLS-SEM indicated that sustainable in green building implementation and sustainability has significant causal effects on the regional policy of building the life cycle. Among these factors, tax exemption, expedited permit, and floor to area ratio were significant. The regional policy indicators in green building implementation have the most significant effect on building efficiency achievement.
Optimization of Cipageran water treatment plant, Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sani Indry Kemala , Winarni  , Kusumadewi Riana Ayu
Published: March 2020

The Cipageran Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is one of water treatment plants managed by PDAM Tirta Raharja, Bandung Regency, which supply drinking water for Cimahi District and Central Cimahi Subdistricts with an average production capacity of 169 L/sec. This research aims to evaluate the performance of the operating unit and process in Cipageran WTP and provide optimization recommendations based on evaluation results. The steps in this research include evaluated the existing conditions of Cipageran WTP, providing recommendations on the results of evaluations and analyzing the quality of the production of Cipageran WTP. From the results of Cipageran WTP evaluation, there were several parameters that did not fulfil the design criteria which were Gtd on coagulation, NFr values on sedimentation and backwash rate on filtration. The evaluation result of maximum discharge in intake was 400 L/second, coagulation of 210 L/second, flocculation of 210 L/second, sedimentation of 270 L/second and filtration of 250 L/second, with the result the optimum discharge can operated in Cipageran WTP is 210 L/second. The quality water production has met the quality standard according to the Minister of Health Regulation No. 492 of 2010 concerning drinking water quality requirement, that turbidity limit is 5 NTU with very high removal efficiency, which was more than 90%. From the result, it can be said that Cipageran water treatment plant in this study had met the drinking water quality standard to be applied as drinking water treatment plant.
Modelling of severity level causes factors in the traffic accident victims in the province of West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Pradipta Previanto , Siregar Martha Leni , Kusuma Andyka
Published: March 2020

Traffic accidents have always been one of the common causes of injuries or even deaths in the world. Traffic accidents do not always occur only because of human error, but sometimes the state of nature or poor infrastructure are often the cause of accidents. NTB Province itself is a province that has just been audited after major road construction was carried out. So in this study the causes of the accident will be used as a part of the factors in determining the severity of victims in traffic accidents. With three severity levels, namely minor injuries, severe injuries, and death, the variables will be analyzed statistically.
License plate recognition system based on principal component analysis and one-against-one multi-class support vector machine
Authors: Kosasih Kevin Kristofer , Astuti Winda , Oey Endra
Published: March 2020

The license plate number which identifies the original registered place of the vehicle, as well as the usage of each vehicle which belongs to a private entity, a government vehicle, and a commercial vehicle, is identified in this work. Vehicle plate detection by a camera that mounted on parking gate. Detection process starts with collecting data using the camera. This work consists two important parts, namely image processing and classification system, respectively. In the image processing, the plate image capture by the camera is extracted to the feature space which will use as the input to the classification system. The classification system is then will identify the extracted input to the plat recognition identification. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are applied as feature extraction technique and classification methods, respectively. The results of the training and testing phase are 80% and 66%, respectively.
Analysis on construction services laws for civil engineering projects on building failures
Authors: Putra Andi Bayu
Published: March 2020

Construction Services Laws are legislation used to govern all manners of construction services. This research was taken in Jakarta, Indonesia. Laws used in this research are Law Number 18 of 1999 about Construction Services and Law Number 2 of 2017 about Construction Services. With the shift of Construction Services Law, of course there are several differences, changes, revision, and inclusion and exclusion of past laws. This changes and differences were analysed to improve the current running Construction Services Law for the future. This research uses two methods, which are literature study and study using questionnaire through observations and interviews. Variables and questions for the questionnaire were formed from study of literature, past researches and Construction Services Laws discussed in this paper. Results from the questionnaire was analysed using a computer program, IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Using that program, the data from the results were tested for its validity and reliability. And it was analysed using correlation analysis and factor analysis. From the analysis it was concluded that there are two factors that needs to be improved, the two factors are: regulation about building failure is not explained well enough, and the lack of regulation about Expert Assessor. Through these results, the construction services law can be improved and prevent environmental health damage caused by building failure that was caused by problems in construction services. These environmental health damage caused by building failure have negative impact to environmental health and safety of the surrounding area, whether from emission or toxic pollutants.
Seismic evaluation of reinforced concrete moment resisting frames using pushover analysis
Authors: Suwondo Riza , Alama Sohaib
Published: March 2020

Earthquake events have been demonstrated to be a major threat to building in Indonesia. It was found that many building failures occurred due to design shortage or construction shortcomings. This research is intended to propose the evaluation method for the concrete building against the possible earthquake. Pushover analysis was performed to study the nonlinear behaviour of a concrete building. A total of two types of concrete buildings, designed for seismic and designed for gravity load only, were investigated. The results show that the concrete building designed for seismic has better performance in both local and global response than that of the concrete building designed for gravity.
Galloping performance of various shape of bridge hanger
Authors: Suangga Made , Alvianus Yansen
Published: March 2020

Long span bridge and slender element of the bridge is sensible to dynamic wind action such as flutter buffeting, vortex induced vibration and galloping. For arch bridge, vibration of hanger due to dynamic action of the bridge has been experienced including hanger vibration of Tayan Bridge. The possible phenomena of the vibration are flutter, galloping and vortex induced vibration. This paper presenting the study of galloping phenomenal on the hanger of the Tayan Bridge. Several shape of the bridge hanger has been considered in this study. Computation Fluid Dynamic has been used to determine the static wind coefficient of the hanger. Glauert-Hartog Criteria has been applied to examine the performance of the bridge hanger to galloping. The result showed that that only circle shape that is not experiencing galloping
Role of green building developer and owner in sustainability construction: investigating the relationships between green building key success factors and incentives
Authors: Berawi Mohammed Ali , Basten Van , Latief Yusuf , Crévits Igor
Published: March 2020

Adaptation to the concept of sustainability is a problem in developing countries, especially in terms of the level of knowledge, economic capability, environmental conditions, and regional policies. These four aspects become exogenous variables in this study to examine the role of green building concepts in sustainable concepts in building construction. Qualitative and quantitative methods become a way to prove the hypothesis of this study by using SEM-PLS as an analysis tool. The sample in this study limits the building developers and owners to assess aspects that affect the sustainability of the green building concept and obtain an overview of the incentive models they expect. The results of this study indicate the level of knowledge of building developers and building owners affects the ability of building management to achieve a sustainable concept. Besides, the aspect of sustainability has an impact on the acquisition of both internal and external incentives for developers and building owners. Specific incentive models that developers and owners expect are accelerating licensing and building certification and reducing property tax. The government also supports the provision of property tax compared to value-added tax because it is a controlling tool in implementing green building concepts.
The study of application of the green architectural design concept at residential area in Jakarta
Authors: Nurdiani Nina , Taufik
Published: March 2020

The developers of residential areas generally promote a theme in marketing their residential units. Likewise, one of many developers in West Jakarta markets its residential area with the Green theme. The purpose of this study is to identify the application of the green architectural design concept in building design and neighborhood at residential area. This research uses descriptive method through survey and field observation. The results showed that almost all criteria of the green concepts have been applied on building design and neighborhood with classical modern style related with theme of the cluster. The criteria are Appropriate Site Development, Energy Efficiency and Conservation, Water Conservation, Indoor Health and Comfort, and Building Environment Management. The use of renewable local materials (bamboo and wood) is not widely applied in home design. But the selection of modern materials follows the green standard, which is material that is already eco-material certified. The supply of building materials also comes from the area around the housing, so it does not use a lot of fossil energy.