bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
T-shaped dysmorphic uterus: discrepancies between current 3D-ultrasound diagnostic criteria
Authors: Monaco Giulia , Nocita Elvira , Selntigia Aikaterini , Russo Consuelo , Farsetti Daniele , Reppuccia Sabrina , De Angelis Carlo , Zizolfi Brunella , Sardo Attilio Di Spiezio , Exacoustos Caterina
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Review and compare current classifications for diagnosing T-shaped uterus using three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound (3D-TVS) measurements, identifying measurements that best correlate with the diagnosis.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study analyzed diagnostic measurements in patients with T-shaped uterus who underwent 3D-TVS at the University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' from 2016 to 2022. Of 7,588 patients, four sonographers re-evaluated 3D-TVS images of 72 initially diagnosed cases. Uterine morphology was assessed in the coronal plane by measuring fundal cavity width (R0), corpus-isthmic cavity width (Wi), lateral indentation angle (AI), lateral bulging (LB), T-angle (AT), fundal/isthmic cavity width ratio (R0/Wi), and the length of intracavitary line parallel to interostial line (R10). All cases were confirmed by hysteroscopy, excluding ambiguous findings.
Results
Of 72 initially evaluated patients, 50 met the inclusion criteria for final analysis. These patients had consistent 3D-TVS diagnoses from four sonographers and hysteroscopic confirmation from two experts. The combination of three CUME criteria (AT ≤ 40°, AI ≤ 130°, LB ≥ 7mm) identified only 8% of T-shaped uteri. Notably, 30 patients (60%) had an R10 measurement of ≤ 10mm. Additionally, 31 uteri (62%) met all three criteria: LB ≥ 5mm, AI ≤ 140°, and R0/Wi ≥ 5. Overall, 48 uteri (96%) satisfied at least two criteria. The study concluded that LB, R10, and R0/Wi are independent predictors of T-shaped uterus.
Conclusions
Significant discrepancies exist among current classifications for diagnosing T-shaped uterus. This study identified LB, R10, and R0/Wi as key parameters for accurate diagnosis. These measurements provide a precise and objective approach, aiding in the evaluation of the anomaly's impact on reproductive outcomes and the benefits of hysteroscopic treatment.
Outcomes and Prognostic Factors in Patients with Combined Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and Abdominal Trauma: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Jung Hohyung , Heo Inhae , Jung Kyoungwon
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability. Approximately one-third to one-half of cases of TBI are associated with severe extracranial injuries, particularly abdominal trauma. This combination is associated with high mortality rates. However, studies describing the outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with combined severe head and abdominal trauma are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes and identify prognostic factors in this patient population.
Methods
This single-centre, retrospective observational study included patients with major trauma, TBI, and abdominal injury admitted to a Level 1 trauma centre between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2020. The primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and Glasgow Outcome Scale scores.
Results
Of 4,554 patients screened, 160 met the inclusion criteria. The in-hospital mortality rate was 20.6%, and 63.1% of the patients had favourable functional outcomes. Multivariate analysis identified that initial mean arterial pressure, base deficit, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, activated partial thromboplastin time, platelet count, and fibrinogen level were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Initial GCS score, head Abbreviated Injury Scale score of 5, platelet count, and massive transfusion were independent predictors of unfavourable functional outcomes.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates the high mortality rates in patients with combined severe head and abdominal injuries. The findings also identified key prognostic factors, including initial GCS score and platelet count. Early recognition and management of these factors are crucial for improving outcomes in patients who are critically injured patient.
Molecular Detection of Schistosomiasis using Real-Time PCR pre- and post-treatment in some regions of Nigeria
Authors: Muzerengwa Reward , Ndams Iliya Shehu , Sibula Madeline , Mbanga Joshua , Mdul Takafira , Savadye Deckster Tonny
Published: November 2024

Background
Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease, is a major helminth disease in terms of morbidity and mortality that affects more than 200 million people worldwide. This study aimed to use real-time PCR (RT‒PCR) for the detection of Schistosoma sp. DNA in both urine and faeces samples before and after praziquantel (PZQ) treatment, and the results were compared with those of conventional PCR and microscopic detection of schistosome eggs to evaluate treatment efficacy.
Methods
Both urine and stool samples were collected from three hundred and eighty seven (387) study participants aged between 3 and 25 years before and after (3 weeks and 8 weeks) treatment with PZQ in Dumbi communities, Nigeria. On the treatment day, all participants who tested positive after microscopic examination (29) in the community were treated with a single dose of 40 mg/kg PZQ. DNA was isolated from 50 samples (urine) that tested positive using microscopy in preparation for molecular analysis. Microsoft Excel 2016 and SPSS version 20.0 statistical software were used for data analysis.
Results
Utilising diagnostic methods, microscopy detected Schistosoma haematobium eggs in 7.5% (29) of the urine samples collected before treatment, whereas RT‒PCR amplified DNA in 39.8% (154) of the same samples, and no eggs were detected in the stool samples analysed. Among the diagnostic methods for 50 samples that were used for comparative analysis, RT‒PCR had the highest positive detection of 80%, followed by conventional PCR (72%), haematuria (64%) and microscopy (58%). Compared with microscopy, RT‒PCR and conventional PCR both provided lower estimates of cure rates.
Conclusions
The results of this study revealed that RT‒PCR and conventional PCR are significantly more sensitive than microscopy for detecting and evaluating infection incidence, which is an important aspect of epidemiological studies. The RT‒PCR-based detection technique can be especially useful in circumstances of lower intensity or prevalence of infection, a condition for which the parasitological diagnosis shows a well-proven limitation of its sensitivity.
Enhancement or Skill Acquisition? Investigating the Contradiction of Combining Motor and Cognitive Challenges in sport training sessions
Authors: Ghasemian Mohammadreza , Hosseinalizade Maedeh , Fazeli Davoud
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effect of combining cognitive challenges with table tennis training on executive functions and forehand skill acquisition. To do so, 36 beginners were randomly divided into three groups of high cognitive load, low cognitive load, and a control group. Participants were asked to perform the forehand task according to a certain practice designed for each group. Then, variables of inhibition, working memory, mental representation, and forehand accuracy were measured. The results showed that both experimental groups performed better than the control group in terms of inhibition; however, only the high cognitive load group had a significant improvement in terms of working memory and the low cognitive load group had a more structured mental representation than the other two groups. Moreover, the two experimental groups with high and low cognitive load performed more accurate forehand test than the control group. Our results show that practice with different cognitive loads can have different effects on improving cognitive functions and skill acquisition. Hence, the improvement of skill acquisition in both groups and the improvement of mental representation only in the group with low cognitive load could indicate that in the group with high cognitive load, attention has moved away from the skill performance procedure due to the working memory involvement during the practice; also, the participants had improved skill performance although no structured knowledge of the skill has been formed in their memory, which can be considered as a characteristic of the implicit learning style.
Dual energy CT-derived quantitative parameters and hematological characteristics predict pathological complete response in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Cui Yongbin , Yan Yuanyuan , Zhao Junfeng , Lin Xinjun , Liu Qianyu , Dong Shushan , Nie Mingming , Huang Yong , Li Baosheng , Yin Yong
Published: November 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate whether dual layer detector dual energy CT (DECT) quantitative parameters and clinical features could predict pathological complete response(pCR) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).
Material and methods
This study retrospective recruited local advanced ESCC patients who underwent nCRT followed by surgical treatment from December 2019 to January 2023. According to pCR status (no visible cancer cells in primary cancer lesion and lymph nodes), patients were categorized into pCR group (N = 25) and non-pCR group (N = 28). DECT quantitative parameters were derived from conventional CT images, different monoenergetic (MonoE) images, virtual non-contrast (VNC) images, Z-effective (Zeff) images, iodine concentration (IC) images and electron density (ED) images. Slope of spectral curve (λHU), normalized iodine concentration (NIC), arterial enhancement fraction (AEF) and extracellular volume (ECV) were calculated. Difference tests and spearman correlation were used to select quantitative parameters for DECT model building. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to build clinical model, DECT model and combined model. The performance for those models were evaluated by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and the area under the receiver-operator curve (AUC).
Results
A total of 53 patients with locally advanced ESCC were enrolled in this study who received nCRT combined with surgery and underwent DECT examination before treatment. After spearman correlation analysis and multivariate logistic analysis, AEF and ECV showed significant roles between pCR and non-pCR groups. These two quantitative parameters were selected for DECT model. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that LMR and RBC were also independent predictors in clinical model. The combined model showed the highest sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV compared to the clinical and spectral model. The AUC of the combined model is 0.893 (95%CI: 0.802–0.983). Delong’s test revealed the combined model significantly different from clinical model (Z =-2.741, P = 0.006).
Conclusion
Dual-layer DECT derived ECV fraction and AEF are valuable predictor for pCR in ESCC patients after nCRT. The combined DECT quantitative parameters and clinical features model is aimed to provide guidance for those patients’ treatment.
Variations in dietary patterns in the ancient Greek colony of Abdera: insights from isotopic evidence and bayesian modeling
Authors: Zisis Anastasios , Georgiadou Angeliki , Ganiatsou Elissavet , Xanthopoulou Panagiota , Kallintzi Constantina , Papageorgopoulou Christina
Published: November 2024

Abdera is an ancient Greek colony in northern Aegean. It exhibits a unique foundation history as it was first established in 654 BC by the Ionian city of Klazomenae and in 545 BC by the city of Teos. The first colonial endeavor failed due to harsh living conditions and conflicts with local populations. Exposed to unfamiliar challenges, the settlers faced physical strain and maladies, particularly affecting the subadults, who were deprived of proper care and nutrition during critical periods of life. After about a century the city of Teos colonised Abdera under the pressure of the Persian attacks. The new colonial endeavor was successful, and the city managed to capitalize on its natural resources, flourishing through the centuries. This study reconstructs the diet of 109 adults and subadults from Abdera dating from the Archaic through the Roman times (654 BC–400AD) using stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ13C), nitrogen (δ15N) and sulphur (δ34S) from bone collagen. Bayesian modeling was implemented to quantify the relative consumption of different food sources in Abdera and compare it with other contemporary sites. Weaning duration was estimated to investigate the nutritional and health status of infants that is believed to have affected the fitness of the population in the long run. Our results indicate that the first settlers of Abdera primarily relied mostly on local resources such as terrestrial C3 plant and fish resources, complemented to a lesser extent by animal protein and millet (C4 plant). This pattern persisted over time. However, Bayesian modeling indicated different levels of food access on an individual level and variations in consumption patterns between other contemporary populations of ancient cities. Weaning during the first colonization phase began around nine months whereas during the Roman period weaning started earlier, around four months. In both cases weaning was completed around the age of six years old. The sulfur analysis revealed that females were not local but migrated to Abdera especially during the first colonial phase. Our study highlights the significance of diet as a key lens for studying the trajectory of a settlement, and a key factor for understanding the growth, the resilience, and the cultural evolution of the ancient Greek colonies.
Three predictive models for fear of cancer recurrence among recovering breast cancer patients
Authors: Zhou Zhingjiang , Zhou Chengzhe , Guo Shibing
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a common psychological issue among breast cancer patients, yet predictive methods are lacking. This study aimed to construct and compare three models for predicting FCR among recovering breast cancer patients.
Methods: A total of 490 breast cancer patients in rehabilitation were recruited from a university hospital in Harbin, China. Factors affecting FCR were collected using specific questionnaires. Multivariate analysis identified effective influencing factors, which were used as independent variables in a logistic regression model, an artificial neural network (ANN) model, and a random forest model. The dependent variable was high-level FCR. Models were validated using 10×10 cross-validation, and their performance was compared using AUC values, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value.
Results: Six factors influenced FCR: age, occupational status, chemotherapy, self-image, cancer-caused fatigue, and disease perception. The logistic regression model showed an accuracy of 83.7%, sensitivity of 79.3%, specificity of 86.9%, positive predictive value of 85.1%, negative predictive value of 81.7%, and an AUC value of 0.746. The ANN model had an accuracy of 78.2%, sensitivity of 80.0%, specificity of 75.8%, positive predictive value of 81.9%, negative predictive value of 73.4%, and an AUC value of 0.746. The random forest model demonstrated an accuracy of 84.4%, sensitivity of 89.4%, specificity of 77.4%, positive predictive value of 84.4%, negative predictive value of 84.2%, and an AUC value of 0.892.
Conclusion: The random forest model outperformed the ANN and logistic regression models in predicting FCR in recovering breast cancer patients, making it a valuable tool for screening high-risk FCR groups during rehabilitation.
The Co-occurrence of HIV and Opioid Mortality in Rural and Urban America from 1999-2018
Authors: Callaghan Timothy H. , Primm Kristin , Akinlotan Marvellous , Khodakarami Nima , Vadali Meera , Bolin Jane , Ferdinand Alva O.
Published: November 2024

Previous research has noted that the U.S. is facing dual public health crises associated with opioid use disorder (OUD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Fatalities associated with OUD have been reported with increasing frequency, and researchers have posited that the injection of opioids could have implications for HIV rates and mortality. The current body of literature outlining connections between HIV and OUD does not account for differences in rural and urban areas. Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Date for Epidemiology Research mortality database, this brief finds no positive relationship between opioid mortality and HIV mortality over time. Instead, the results show a consistent decline in HIV mortality rates and a troubling rise in deaths from opioids across the time period analyzed.
Rural Healthy People 2030: Common Challenges, Rural Nuances
Authors: Kassabian Morgan , Shrestha Aakriti , Callaghan Timothy H. , Helduser Janet , Horel Scott , Johnson Natasha , Kaspar Savannah , Bolin Jane , Ferdinand Alva O.
Published: November 2024

This study reports the findings of Rural Healthy People 2030, a companion piece to the Healthy People 2030 initiative with a focus on health priorities of rural populations. Data was collected from a survey given to rural stakeholders and identified the top 20 Healthy People priorities for rural America.
Diabetes Mortality in Rural America: 1999-2015
Authors: Callaghan Timothy H. , Towne Jr Samuel D. , Bolin Jane , Ferdinand Alva O.
Published: November 2024

One of the most important tasks for rural scholars and policymakers is to better understand the causes and consequences of diabetes, as diabetes prevalence is generally higher in rural areas than urban areas. This study explores diabetes-related mortality, comparing urban-versus-rural mortality over a sixteen-year period, and investigating the influence of race and rurality. The study uses data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wonder Database. Results demonstrated that as rurality increases in America, so too does diabetes-related mortality. Mortality attributable to diabetes is dramatically higher for Black Americans than Whites in both rural and urban areas, although rural-urban disparities follow similar trends for both groups. Hispanics, despite having lower diabetes-related mortality than Whites, also demonstrated higher rural rates of mortality than urban. Resources should be devoted to better understanding the causes and consequences of these findings, and to developing effective interventions aimed at eliminating disparities in diabetes mortality based on rurality and race.
Post-Acute Skilled Nursing Care Availability in Rural United States
Authors: McMaughan Darcy , Anikpo Ifedioranma O. , Horel Scott , Ozmetin Jennifer
Published: November 2024

This study explores factors related to post-acute skilled nursing care utilization in rural areas of the U.S. The analyses uses county-level Area Health Resource Files, National Center for Health Statistics Urban-Rural codes, and data from the Flex Monitoring Team database. We found counties lacking post-acute skilled nursing care were more likely to be noncore, sparsely populated, and less impoverished counties. The elderly population percentage, number of hospitals with high utilization rates, and Hispanic population percentage were not significantly associated with the availability of post-acute skilled nursing care. This research shows that portions of rural America are possibly skilled nursing deserts, thus lacking the physical presence of facilities to provide post-acute skilled nursing care. This potentially affects more than 740,000 rural residents, among them about 127,000 elderly individuals, residing in 153 rural counties.
Rural Versus Urban Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence-Related Emergency Department Visits, 2009-2014
Authors: Perez-Patron Maria J. , Downing Nancy R. , Montalvo-Liendo Nora , Taylor Brandie D.
Published: November 2024

This retrospective study examines the prevalence of IPV-related emergency department (ED) visits by rural and urban status and U.S. census regions using discharge data from the National Emergency Department Sample. Key findings indicate IPV-related ED visits among patients ages 15-64 were higher in rural versus urban areas in all regions except the Midwest. Women ages 15-64 represented 93% of IPV-related ED visits in urban areas compared to 95% in rural areas. Both rural men and women admitted to the ED with an IPV-related diagnosis were more likely to be in the lower half of the income distribution and to have public health insurance than their urban counterparts.
Peruvian evidence of the efficiency of technical analysis on the Lima Stock Exchange
Authors: Diaz Jorge , Barreto Urpi , Abarca Yasser , Suyo Gabriel
Published: November 2024

In emerging markets such as the Lima Stock Exchange, characterized by lower liquidity and market depth, investors face unique challenges in maximizing returns and mitigating risks. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of technical analysis on the Lima Stock Exchange, focusing on 14 stocks from the S&P/BVL Peru General portfolio selected for their broad spectrum of economic sectors, high trading frequency, and consistency in the index, totaling 9,802 quotations during the period from June 21, 2021 to June 21, 2024. The results, excluding transaction costs, show that technical tools such as Momentum, Moving Averages, Stochastic Oscillator, and Williams Oscillator offer superior returns compared to the buy-and-hold strategy, especially in short periods of 5, 10, and 15 days, with average excess returns of 24.28%. However, when including transaction costs, only eight of the 14 stocks achieve excess returns, with the Relative Strength Index (RSI), Bollinger Bands, and Moving Averages standing out as the most efficient tools, especially over longer periods. These findings underscore the importance of careful management of transaction costs to optimize the benefits of technical analysis in emerging markets.
busca europeia por um lugar no mundo em transformação e o Acordo com o Mercosul
Authors: Schutte Giorgio Romano
Published: November 2024

Esse artigo analisa a terceira fase das negociações para um acordo comercial entre a União Europeia (UE) e o Mercosul a partir do contexto europeu, com destaque para a posição da Alemanha. Utiliza-se uma abordagem focada na orientação política e econômica da UE, que condiciona sua inserção internacional. A escolha do tema serve como um caso para apresentar a busca de uma reação por parte da UE aos desdobramentos de crise do euro, o impacto da ascensão chinesa e as novas políticas na EUA, as sequelas da pandemia e a invasão da Ucrânia pela Rússia.
Política Externa Independente (1961-1964) vista pelas lentes do jornal The New York Times
Authors: Izepe de Souza Ismara , Moreira Meira Fabio
Published: November 2024

O objetivo do artigo é analisar a forma pela qual o jornal The New York Times, um dos maiores expoentes da opinião pública norteamericana, noticiou ações representativas da -+Política Externa Independente (PEI), desenvolvida no Brasil entre 1961 e 1964. A partir da análise de reportagens que tiveram como temática ações relacionadas à PEI, identificamos pontos de contato entre as visões e preocupações esboçadas pelo referido jornal e o governo dos EUA, no que tange às tendências ideológicas e políticas do Governo de João Goulart e às consequências das ações brasileiras no contexto da Guerra Fria.
“KITAB AL-HAYAWAN” — AN ADAPTATION OF THE GREEK HERITAGE OR AN ORIGINAL TREATISE? THE SPECIFICS OF AL-JAHIZ’S ZOOLOGICAL WORK ON THE EXAMPLE OF CHAPTERS ON LIZARDS
Authors:   HSE University, Dolgova Irina A.
Published: November 2024

The work is devoted to the specific features of the description of animals in the work of Abu Usman al-Jahiz “Kitab Al-Hayawan” on the example of chapters on lizards in the light of their comparison with ancient treatises. The raised problem concerns the degree of borrowing of the ancient heritage by Arabic literature. The article defines the similarities and differences between the treatise “Kitab al-Hayawan” and its potential prototypes “Physiologist” and “Book of Animals” by Aristotle on the example of chapters on lizards. The paper raises the question of the genre affiliation of “Kitab Al-Hayawan” in the context of trends in the development of Arabic medieval literature, in particular the genre of Adab. Based on the results of comparing the structure, logic, sources used and the content of sections about lizards, the author concludes about the originality of “Kitab Al-Hayawan”. The specific logic of the narrative, the use of Arabic sources and their own observations, the emphasis on the moral qualities of animals distinguish this treatise from “Physiologist” and “Book of Animals” by Aristotle.
THE WORK “TAZKIRA-I NASRABADI” ABOUT THE POETS OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors:   Institute of Manuscripts named after Muhammad Fuzuli of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Bagirov Akram
Published: November 2024

One of the most interesting and reliable sources for the study of the Safavid period of Azerbaijani literature is the work “Tazkere-ye Nasrabadi”, written by Muhammad Tahir Nasrabadi. There are many handwritten copies of this work in the world’s book treasures. “Tazkere” was published in Tehran in 1378 year of Hijra in two volumes by Mohsen Naji Nasrabadi. The work is a source that provides detailed information about the social, political and cultural life of its time. When writing this work, Muhammad Tahir Nasrabadi came into direct contact with contemporary poets, about whom he wanted to give information in his work, asked them for samples of poems, carefully read the Divans compiled by them, and additionally used other sources and collections. “Tazkere” consists of an introduction, a conclusion (Hateme) and 5 chapters called Saf. At the beginning of the work, the “pen holders” — rulers and princes — are represented. The first chapter provides information about officials close to the shahs, as well as information about the emirs and khans. This chapter presents poets living in both Iran and India. The second chapter presents the Seyyid poets who considered themselves descendants of the prophet. The third chapter is devoted to scientists and virtuous personalities. This section also presents dervishes, famous for their poems. The fourth chapter introduces professional poets. The first part of this chapter, consisting of three parts, presents the poets of Iraq and Khorasan. The second part presents the poets of Central Asia, and the third part — the poets who lived and worked in India. The author devoted the fifth chapter to the compositions of his close relatives, as well as own works. The final part presents historical dates — chronograms, as well as riddles in verse form. The first half of the chronograms are texts of authors whose names were well-known to Nasrabadi, the other half of the chronograms are presented as “texts of unknown authors”. In general, this work contains information about more than a thousand poets, many of whom lived and worked in the geographical space of Azerbaijan.
AS THE ASTRAKHAN MERCHANT STEPAN LIONOZOV BECAME THE FIRST FISHERMAN IN PERSIA (FROM THE HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN-PERSIAN RELATIONS OF THE 19th CENTURY)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Pavlova Irina K.
Published: November 2024

This article is based on unpublished and still little-known to researchers archival materials (Archive of Foreign policy of Russian Empire, Moscow) concerning the reasons and circumstances of the signing of the first Russian contract for fishing in the Caspian sea of Persia. Analyzing of these the materials we can say about the role of Tsar’s administration at this project. According to these archival documents it is clear why Stepan Lionozov was the very person who was sent in Persia by Tsar’s administration, how manner the Russian officials elected the reliable man for creating of the fish enterprise on the Persian coast of Caspian Sea. Stepan Lionozov came up to Tsar’s officials expectations. He could both organize the Russian fish monopoly at the Persian water of the Caspian sea and at the same time he maintained Russia’s political interests in this region really.
COMPARISON OF LANGUAGE POLICY IN IRAN DURING THE PAHLAVI DYNASTY AND AFTER THE ISLAMIC REVOLUTION
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Khodunov Alexander S.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the problem of the role of foreign, mainly Arabic, borrowings in the vocabulary of the modern Persian language and the attitude of the Iranian authorities towards them in the 20th century. It is shown that during the Pahlavi dynasty, especially Reza Shah, an irreconcilable struggle against Arabism was waged as part of the policy of Persian nationalism. After the Islamic Revolution, language policy changed dramatically, and in accordance with the ideology of the new regime, the use of Arabic loanwords began to be encouraged, which, however, did not lead to a significant change in the lexical composition of the Persian language. Currently, the main attention is paid to the fight against Western (“non-Islamic”) borrowings, as well as terminological construction, mainly from original Persian roots. Some Iranians who are in opposition to the Islamic regime consciously try to use as few Arabic loanwords as possible in their speech and writing.
THE CONCEPT OF GHARBZADEGI: HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Shtykh Iuliia G.
Published: November 2024

This paper strives to examine the historical and philosophical background of the concept of Gharbzadegi (Pers. غرب زدگی ), the seminal work and key concept of the famous Iranian writer of the 20th century, J. Al-e Ahmad, considered by many scholars as a thinker whose ideas were important for the Islamic Revolution Ideology of 1979. Analyzing the reasons that contributed to anti-Western stance of Iran in the middle of the XX century, the article focuses on the factor of “loss of subjectivity” elaborated by the French philosopher P. Ricoeur: in terms of this approach, Gharbzadegi can be viewed as a necessary stage in the struggle for recognition. The results, based on the method of philosophical and historical analysis, allow to draw the following conclusions: Al-e Ahmad’s anti-Western criticism is based on a number of historical, philosophical and cultural reasons, the essence of which is the search for Iranian ethno-cultural identity based on the desire to get rid of the Western influence.
INFORMATIVE VALUE OF THE DESCRIPTIONS ON THE ADMINISTRAITVE UNITS OF QING DYNASTY YUNNAN PROVINCE IN THE HAND-WRITTEN ALBUM FROM THE COLLECTION OF SAINT PETERSBURG STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY (NO. XYL. F-25)
Authors:   Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zavidovskaya Ekaterina A. ,   Bryansk State University
Published: November 2024

The paper analyses variations in the descriptions of the administrative units of Qing dynasty Yunnan province (Heqing-fu and Chuxiong-fu prefectures) included in the hand-written album (library No. Xyl F-25) housed in the Academic library of the St. Petersburg State University, the album was created approximately during the first half of the 19th century, has neither dates nor preface. The paper compares data on the two prefectures from the studied Album and a number of primary sources including “The Unified Ming Geography” (Ming yitongzhi, 1461), “Yunnan General Gazetteer” (Yunnan tongzhi, 1736, 1835), prefecture gazetteers and other albums on Yunnan leading to the conclusion that the information from the Album Xyl. F-25 has not been plainly borrowed or copied from the other sources and was probably compiled independently by its unknown author. This fact confirms the value of the Album as a new source on Qing period Yunnan province.
THE CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY POLITBURO COLLECTIVE STUDY SESSIONS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN CHINESE STUDIES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Semochkina Adel S.
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the existing assessments in foreign and Russian Chinese studies of the system of the Chinese Communist Party Politburo Collective study sessions (中央政治局集体学习). Due to the great degree of underdevelopment of the topic, the author was able to find only a small number of works devoted to the activities of this institution. In the course of the study, it was concluded that the current view on the collective learning system in the scientific community is highly subjective, due to the different research traditions. For the same reason, they focus on analysing the specific characteristics of the sessions rather than the institution as a whole, which hinders an understanding of its role in Chinese political life.
A comprehensive assessment of meteorological–hydrological indicator changes and their driving forces from a multi-temporal and spatial scale perspective
Authors: Wang Hongxiang , Ma Yajuan , Yuan Weiqi , Yang Huan , Ye Handong , Li, Yanhua , Guo Wenxian
Published: November 2024

Runoff is a pivotal ecohydrological cycle feature. Investigating watershed runoff change and its influencing factors from multi-temporal and spatial angles is crucial for water ecology control. The study analyzes hydrological and meteorological changes using the indicators of hydrological alteration and the range of variation approach (IHA–RVA) and RClimDex to explore their dynamic relationship. Finally, using the soil and water assessment tool to quantify climate and human contributions to runoff temporally and spatially, with validation using Budyko-based elasticity coefficients. Results showed that (1) most of the meteorological indices show an upward trend, a change attributable mainly to strong human activity and global warming. The overall hydrological indicators show a moderate degree of change (50.70%). (2) PRCPTOT (the annual total precipitation) and 30-day minimum demonstrate a negative correlation coefficient of 0.91 in the meteorological–hydrological response. (3) On annual/seasonal scales, human activities such as hydraulic projects and land use/cover changes (LUCC) dominate runoff changes. On a monthly scale, climate change prevails in March and November due to temperature/rainfall fluctuations, while human activities dominate other months. Spatially, climate change and LUCC mainly impact runoff in the southeast. The study offers references to improve water management in the Jialing River Basin, effectively addressing the negative impacts of human activities on runoff.
Unraveling the Mysteries of Alzheimer's Disease Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Tripathi Siddhant , Sharma Yashika , Kumar Dileep
Published: November 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multidimensional, complex condition that affects individuals
all over the world. Despite decades of experimental and clinical research that has revealed
various processes, many concerns concerning the origin of Alzheimer's disease remain unresolved.
Despite the notion that there isn't a complete set of jigsaw pieces, the growing number of
public data-sharing initiatives that collect biological, clinical, and lifestyle data from those suffering
from Alzheimer's disease has resulted in virtually endless volumes of knowledge about the disorder,
far beyond what humans can comprehend. Furthermore, combining Big Data from multi-
-omics research gives a chance to investigate the pathophysiological processes underlying the
whole biological spectrum of Alzheimer's disease. To improve knowledge on the subject of
Alzheimer's disease, Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers a wide variety of approaches for evaluating
complex and significant data. The introduction of next-generation sequencing and microarray technologies
has resulted in significant growth in genetic data research. When it comes to assessing
such complex projects, AI technology beats conventional statistical techniques of data processing.
This review focuses on current research and potential challenges for AI in Alzheimer's disease research.
This article, in particular, examines how AI may assist healthcare practitioners with patient
stratification, estimating an individual's chance of AD conversion, and diagnosing AD using
computer-aided diagnostic methodologies. Ultimately, scientists want to develop individualized,
efficient medicines.
Classical Stark and Zeeman Effects of Axially-symmetric Circular Rydberg States of He and He-like Ions
Authors: Kryukov N. , Oks E.
Published: November 2024

Background:

Circular Rydberg States (CRS) were studied theoretically and experimentally
in numerous works. In particular, in the previous paper by one of us, there were derived analytical
expressions for the energy of classical CRS in collinear electric (F) and magnetic (B) fields
of arbitrary strengths imposed on a hydrogenic system (atom or ion). For the magnetic field B of
any strength, the author of that study gave formulas for the dependency of the classical ionization
threshold Fc(B) and the energy at this threshold Ec(B). He also analyzed the stability of the motion
by going beyond the CRS. In addition, for two important particular cases previously studied
in the literature – classical CRS in a magnetic field only and classical CRS in an electric field only
– some new results were also presented in that paper, especially concerning the Stark effect.

Objective:

In the present paper, we study analytically axially-symmetric CRS of a heliumic system
(He atom or He-like ion) subjected to an electric or magnetic field of arbitrary strength.

Methods:

In this investigation, analytical techniques were applied

Results:

We showed that in the case of the Stark effect, the difference in the unperturbed structure
of the heliumic systems (compared to hydrogenic systems), i.e., the non-negligible size, causes the
decrease of the classical ionization threshold, as well as increases the energy and the orbit radius
of the outer electron at the ionization threshold. Also, the allowance for the non-negligible size of
the internal subsystem increases the maximum possible absolute value of the induced electric dipole
moment. In the case of the Zeeman effect, we demonstrated that the non-negligible size of
the inner system increases the energy and the orbit radius of the outer electron.

Conclusion:

The allowance for the non-negligible size of the internal subsystem can strongly affect
the properties of the axially symmetric circular states. We believe that our results are of fundamental
importance.
The Challenges and Lessons Learned Building a New UK Infrastructure for Finding and Accessing Population-Wide COVID-19 Data for Research and Public Health Analysis: The CO-CONNECT Project
Authors: Jefferson Emily , Milligan Gordon , Johnston Jenny , Mumtaz Shahzad , Cole Christian , Best Joseph , Giles Thomas Charles , Cox Samuel , Masood Erum , Horban Scott , Urwin Esmond , Beggs Jillian , Chuter Antony , Reilly Gerry , Morris Andrew , Seymour David , Hopkins Susan , Sheikh Aziz , Quinlan Philip
Published: November 2024

The COVID-19-Curated and Open Analysis and Research Platform (CO-CONNECT) project worked with 22 organizations across the United Kingdom to build a federated platform, enabling researchers to instantaneously and dynamically query federated datasets to find relevant data for their study. Finding relevant data takes time and effort, reducing the efficiency of research. Although data controllers could understand the value of such a system, there were significant challenges and delays in setting up the platform in response to COVID-19. This paper aims to present the challenges and lessons learned from the CO-CONNECT project to support other similar initiatives in the future. The project encountered many challenges, including the impacts of lockdowns on collaboration, understanding the new architecture, competing demands on people’s time during a pandemic, data governance approvals, different levels of technical capabilities, data transformation to a common data model, access to granular-level laboratory data, and how to engage public and patient representatives meaningfully on a highly technical project. To overcome these challenges, we developed a range of methods to support data partners such as explainer videos; regular, short, “touch base” videoconference calls; drop-in workshops; live demos; and a standardized technical onboarding documentation pack. A 4-stage data governance process emerged. The patient and public representatives were fully integrated team members. Persistence, patience, and understanding were key. We make 8 recommendations to change the landscape for future similar initiatives. The new architecture and processes developed are being built upon for non–COVID-19–related data, providing an infrastructural legacy.
Development of a Web Platform to Facilitate the Implementation and Evaluation of Health Promoting Schools: Protocol for a Double Diamond Design Approach
Authors: Bermejo-Martínez Gemma , Julián José Antonio , Villanueva-Blasco Víctor José , Aibar Alberto , Corral-Abós Ana , Abarca-Sos Alberto , Generelo Eduardo , Mur Melania , Bueno Manuel , Ferrer Elisa , Artero Isabel , García-González Luis , Murillo-Pardo Berta , Ferriz Roberto , Menal-Puey Susana , Marques-Lopes Iva , Fajó-Pascual Marta , Ibor-Bernalte Eduardo , Zaragoza Casterad Javier
Published: November 2024

Background

Health Promoting Schools (HPS) have emerged as a powerful framework to promote healthy behaviors in many countries. However, HPS still present several challenges, highlighting the excessive workload involved in the accreditation, design, implementation, and evaluation processes. In this sense, a resource to facilitate the implementation processes may have a positive impact on the support of HPS.

Objective

The aim of this study was to describe the co-design processes undertaken and resulting learnings to develop the Red Escuelas Promotoras de Salud (network of health promoting schools; REDEPS)-Gestion platform to facilitate the accreditation, design, implementation procedures, and evaluation processes of the Aragon's Health-Promoting School Network.

Methods

The Double Diamond Design Approach was used to co-design this web-platform. The different stakeholders that participated in this co-design, progressed through a 4-stage reflective phase, to discover, define, develop, and deliver the REDEPS-Gestion platform.

Results

Participants agreed that the functions of the REDEPS-Gestion platform should permit the management of both the educational centers and the administration such as accreditation processes, definition and review intervention projects, and preparation and review of the different progress reports to evaluate the HPS. Despite co-design being a well-established approach to creative practice, especially within the public sector, some challenges emerged during the co-design process, such as engaging and facilitating stakeholders’ participation or the complexity of combining the interests of all stakeholders. This approach allowed us to identify the main barriers for future users and implement platform improvements.

Conclusions

We hope that the REDEPS-Gestion platform will therefore be able to contribute to facilitating the implementation of HPS. The Double Diamond Design Approach used to co-design this web platform was an efficient and feasible methodological design approach. The REDEPS-Gestion platform will facilitate HPS implementation in Aragon as well as all the processes involving HPS. Future work will determine its effectiveness in improving HPS implementation.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/52110
Kajian Semantik Kognitif Verba Konsonan Tadayou
Authors: Ardana Nabila Meisya , Hariri Tatang
Published: November 2024

The Japanese language has many words that have more than one meaning. One of these words is the consonant verb ‘tadayou’. This study used a qualitative research method that aimed to identify the classification of the meaning of the consonantal verb tadayou and its interlanguage relationship. The data were taken from the NINJAL-LWP for TWC corpus and then analyzed using cognitive semantic theory. This research found that the basic meaning of tadayou consonant verbs is hovering. Then, tadayou consonantal verbs have eight expanded meanings, namely 1) float, 2) wander, 3) emit (scent, etc.), 4) (setting) atmosphere, 5) agitated, 6) unstable, 7) flinch, and 8) feel (feeling). However, the meanings of “agitated”, “unstable”, and “flinch” found no place of relevance nowadays. Outside of these classifications, one new meaning was found in this study, namely “to permeate”. In addition, there was an exception that abstract objects can be used for the meaning of “levitate”. The structural metaphorical expansion of the meaning of the consonantal verb tadayou was “wandering”. The ontological metaphorical expansion of meanings was “emit (scent, etc.)” and “atmosphere” (setting). Lastly, the metonymical expansion of meaning was “to float”, “to feel (feeling)”, and “to permeate”.
Virtual Discontent: Japanese Netizen Reactions to the Indonesia-China High-Speed Rail Controversy on Youtube
Authors: Amanullah Moh Gandhi , Elsy Putri
Published: November 2024

This study delved into the reactions of Japanese society, particularly netizens, to the Indonesia-China High-Speed Rail project, inaugurated in 2023, by analyzing content on Youtube. Through a qualitative approach and content analysis, the research applied symbolic interactionism as its conceptual framework. The dataset included 22 Youtube videos collected during October 2023, a pivotal time marked by the project's inauguration. This study revealed that, through a symbolic interactionism perspective, Japanese netizens form negative meanings of the Indonesia-China High Speed Rail (HSR) project based on interactions with symbols in Youtube content. Visual and verbal representations in videos and thumbnails contributed to these perceptions, with 20 out of 22 analyzed contents expressing criticism, sarcasm, or disappointment, portraying HSR as a symbol of failure or betrayal, rather than progress or achievement. In addition, discussions in the comments section, with an average of 390 comments per video, reinforced these negative interpretations. Phrases such as “betrayal” and visuals that negatively portray Indonesia emphasize a broader sense of national disillusionment, going beyond the technical aspects of the project and reflecting political as well as economic concerns.
Multiple Symmetric Multi-link Search and Rescue Robot Based on a New Movable Structure
Authors: Zhu Yangyang , Wang Luan , Chen Lizhen , Chen Yingfu
Published: November 2024

In the event of disasters such as fires and earthquakes, the efficiency of rescue operations is often limited due to the difficulty for firefighters to enter narrow spaces. To address this issue, our team has innovated on traditional search and rescue robots by incorporating advanced sensing systems, obstacle-crossing capabilities, and autonomous return functions. This enables the robots to quickly reach disaster sites for personnel search and significantly improves rescue efficiency.
Based on Productive Failure Theory Apply in STEM Learning
Authors: Zhao Huanhuan
Published: November 2024

From the perspective of existing research results, the application of effective failure theory in education has been proven to promote students' conceptual understanding, transfer, and problem-solving abilities. In terms of the scope of research implementation, most studies have focused on single disciplinary approaches to solving fixed answers, with little in-depth research in interdisciplinary fields, especially STEM education. Kapur's four student behaviors need to be adapted and improved to facilitate teachers to construct frameworks more accurately.