bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zjazdy kół krajoznawczych młodzieży w Polsce w pierwszej dekadzie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego
Authors: Magiera Elżbieta
Published: December 2020

Touring and regional trips were among important educational issues in the Second Republic of Poland, conducive to getting to know the immediate environment, regions and the country in general, underpinned by national, patriotic and civic upbringing. In the first decade of the Interwar Period, Poland had three models of school sightseeing clubs developed in Krakow in 1927, in Vilnius in 1928 and in Poznań in 1929. These events provided an opportunity to meet young people from various regions in Poland. Tutors of sightseeing circles; regional, school and church authorities; authorities of sightseeing initiatives launched by adults and the youth, university professors and representatives of urban elites were all participants of the movement. In addition to lectures and speeches, latest issues of the school sightseeing movement were discussed and experiences were shared. As a result, the students and the tutors got to know each other, established contacts and discussed the directions to be followed by school sightseeing clubs. The conventions were accompanied by trips and various forms of presenting the clubs’ achievements including exhibitions, school theatres, singing, dancing, evening performances and others.
Problematyka naukowo-badawcza i dorobek naukowy pracowników Katedry Pedagogiki i Dydaktyki Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 1919–1939 w stulecie powstania Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu (1919–2019)
Authors: Nowak-Kluczyński Konrad
Published: December 2020

Research issues and academic achievements of the faculty of the Department of Pedagogy and Teaching at Poznań University in 1919–1939 on the centennial of the establishment of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (1919–2019).

In its early days, Poznań University attracted a large number of researchers representing many disciplines of science but prevailing humanities. Poznań was a centre of very dynamic research into pedagogy and psychology. Initially, the Department of Pedagogy and Teaching at Poznań University focused on just a few research fields and areas. In the lead were issues related to the theory of upbringing, educating adults and the history of upbringing. In the local Department of Pedagogy and Teaching, a number of contributions was made to teaching and the methodology of some teaching subjects. In the Interwar Period, the following research areas were pursued by the pedagogy teachers at Poznań University: Antoni Danysz’ progressive-national trend referring to the ideological traditions of the Revolutions of 1848; Ludwik Jaxa-Bykowski’s nationalist-anthropological trend resulting from nationalist conflicts and efforts to reinforce the nation with special emphasis placed on the first decade of Poland’s independence; Marian Wachowski’s nationalist-imperialistic trend based on German philosophical pedagogy.
Acoso escolar, violación y suicidio en twitter: segunda temporada de «por trece razones».
Authors: Pérez-Martínez Víctor Manuel , Aparicio Vinacua Beatriz , Rodríguez-González María Dolores
Published: December 2020

Tanto si son ficción como si incorporan un formato documental, las series para adolescentes (teens series) pueden convertirse en una referencia para los adolescentes. La serie 13 Reasons Why (Por trece razones), en su segunda temporada, generó interés entre los adolescentes, las familias y el sector educativo. El objetivo general de esta investigación es analizar cuantitativamente los comentarios sobre el acoso escolar, las violaciones y los suicidios en Twitter vinculados con la segunda temporada de 13 Reasons Why. Metodología: se concretó en un análisis de contenido de los tuits que contenían las etiquetas (hashtag) #13ReasonsWhy y/o #PorTreceRazones. Resultados y discusión: temas complejos como la violación, el suicidio, la relación padre-hijo, el acoso y el ciberacoso se plantearon en torno al suicidio de Hannah Baker. Conclusiones: Una de las conclusiones del estudio establece que 13 Reasons Why promovió el debate sobre el acoso escolar, la violación y el suicidio siendo Twitter un canal donde se exponen temas tan complejos para los adolescentes.
Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum/Zinc Lamellar Composite Reinforced with Alumina Nanoparticles
Authors: Etemadi Ehsan , Alishahi Mostafa , Hosseini Seyed Mehdi
Published: December 2020

In this study, microstructural and mechanical properties of aluminum/zinc (Al/Zn) lamellar composite reinforced with alumina nanoparticles (Al/Zn/Al2O3) were compared with Al/Zn lamellar composite. For this purpose, different Al/Zn/Al2O3 samples were fabricated by applying 1, 3, and 5 accumulative press bonding (APB) cycles on the AA1050 aluminum alloy and pure commercial zinc plates together with 1.5 wt. % alumina nanoparticles at ambient temperature. Microstructural and mechanical properties of the samples were evaluated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), uniaxial tensile test, and Vickers microhardness test. The results showed that the alumina nanoparticles agglomerated in the microstructure of the Al/Zn/Al2O3 sample after the first APB cycle, and some porosities were also observed at the interfaces of the layers. However, employing five APB cycles resulted in the uniform distribution of alumina nanoparticles with strong bonding strength to metallic matrix. Additionally, the tensile strength and Vickers microhardness of the Al/Zn and Al/Zn/Al2O3 samples were increased as a function of the number of APB cycles. Furthermore, the measured ultimate tensile strengths of Al/Zn and Al/Zn/Al2O3 after 5 APB cycles were 2 and 2.22 times greater than AA1050 aluminum, respectively. However, the elongation of Al/Zn and Al/Zn/Al2O3 samples was dramatically decreased until the third APB cycles and then slightly increased in the fifth cycle.
Disaster Response in Indonesia: Initiating Income Tax Policy Pro Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Dubelmar Dini , Dwi Kartini Made Astrin , Mareli Sabila , Murwendah Murwendah
Published: December 2020

As a country with high potential for natural disaster, Indonesia can suffer from economic disruptions arising from significant decline in gross domestic income (GDP) due to financing losses caused by natural disaster. To reduce the risk of loss caused by natural disasters, the government has issued disaster mitigation policies in the form of structural and non-structural policies. In 2018, the government initiated a disaster mitigation policy in the form of natural disaster insurance prioritized to protect state assets. It does not exclude the possibility that this insurance shall be given to civil society, yet an issue arises regarding the source of funding for the insurance. Tax instruments are expected to be a policy innovation to overcome the issue of financing insurance. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential and role of fiscal policy through tax instruments in the context of disaster management in Indonesia. This study applied a qualitative approach and collected data through field studies and in-depth interviews. The findings of this study indicate that the natural disaster insurance policy may adopt the concept of tax allowance on donation and zakat as stipulated in Law No. 36 of 2008 on Income Tax. This incentive provides a tax facility in the form of tax allowance on income for calculating Income Tax. The policy is expected to attract the community to participate in natural disaster insurance amid the general lack of participation in insurance in Indonesia. On the other hand, the government obtains a source of revenue to finance disaster mitigation without disrupting the economy of the country.
Collaborative Governance in the Management of Integrated Community Shelters Post Disaster (ICS) in the City of Palu
Authors: Daswati Daswati , Samad Muhammad Ahsan , Wekke Ismail Suardi
Published: December 2020

This article tells the involvement of humanitarian organizations in the post-war reconstruction process of disaster in the city of Palu, Sigi and Donggala Regencies. The presence of humanitarian organizations is urgently needed to help the process of acceleration of reconstruction. In carrying out its humanitarian mission, it is expected that these institutions are coordinated by the authority of the government/state. Management of Integrated Community Shelter expected able to help the process of reconstruction post disaster apparently also still constrained in the pattern of coordination. Coordination pattern which is less likely to occur in delivering open and funneling aid to victims. this paper found that the existence of the weakness of the State in controlling and embody the humanitarian agency's involvement in the process of reconstructions. Collaborative approach to governance in the management of Integrated Community Shelter appears as an alternative solution in the answer to these problems.
Horizon of Expectation of Children’s Ideal Future in 1946 Represented in Enid Blyton’s 'Malory Towers'
Authors: Azizah Asma , Margawati Prayudias
Published: December 2020

1946 was a recovery year after Second World War ended and the early modern era. At the beginning of modern era, children were taught the basic attitude of well manners and respecting others. The social attitudes into children give adults more attention to children as separate beings, innocent, and need of protection. Therefore, this study aimed to explain (1) what British expectation toward children’s future described on Enid Blyton’s Malory Towers (2) children’s characters in Enid Blyton’s Malory Towers formed by the participation of British role and (3) today’s perspective of British ideas in 1946. Qualitative descriptive study is employed with “horizon of Expectation” of reader response theory by Hans Robert Jauss is served to analyze the data. It is found that as illustrated in Malory Towers, British were expected their children to be kind, good-hearted, loved, trusted, and reliable child. In addition, parents, school, and friend’s role are important to forming children’s character to teach some values such as discipline, responsible, politeness, caring, loyal and understanding, respectful, mental strength, steady and wise attitude to reach the ideal future. On other hand, in 1946, education aims to change the society to fit the ideas of the ruling government or to create the utopian society through education. Furthermore, there are some similarities and differences of British ideas in 1946 and today’s perspective of British education system and boarding school in which all the ideas have a good aim for children’s future.s
Physico-mechanical and joint performance of bamboo veneer products manufactured by mould pressing
Authors: Zhang Wenfu , Gu Shaohua , Wang Cuicui , Cheng Haitao , Wang Ge
Published: December 2020

Bamboo can be processed into engineering materials with excellent properties by reasonable processing methods. In this study, the performance of mould-pressed bamboo (MBP) veneer products was examined. The physical mechanical properties and connection properties of MPB were tested, and the application performance of the MPB was analyzed. The results show that MPB has a comprehensive property of high internal bonding and good dimensional stability, and its density and mechanical properties are similar to those of wood dimensional stock. The overall bending strength, bending modulus, and compression strength of MPB were 29.0 MPa, 6.83 GPa, and 15.6 MPa, respectively. While the overall carrying capacity was relatively low, the connection performance of BPM was good. Thus, it can be used as a connector or substructure.
Nutshells as modifiers of carbon paste electrodes used in detecting chloroorganic water pollutants
Authors: Skrzypczyńska Katarzyna , Kuśmierek Krzysztof , Świątkowski Andrzej , Dąbek Lidia , Piros Ilona
Published: December 2020

Electrochemical properties of a carbon paste electrode (graphite) modified with hazelnut and walnut shells were investigated. The adsorption of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) on the studied materials was determined, and the hazelnut shells were found to provide a higher adsorption capacity. The hazelnut and walnut shells were used to modify the carbon paste electrode to detect 4-CP by cyclic voltammetry. Compared to an unmodified electrode, all of the new paste electrodes showed much higher sensitivity in the 4-CP detection.
Maximizing Power Generation of a Solar PV System for a Potential Application at Musselwhite Gold Mine Site in Northwestern Ontario, Canada
Authors: Basel I. Ismail
Published: December 2020

Increasing global concern for greenhouse gas emission, air pollution, fossil fuel prices, and electricity demand has generated a significant increase in research of promising renewable energy technologies for green electrical power generation. Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are known for their capabilities to directly convert renewable solar energy into electrical energy for locations with abundant solar energy where there is a desperate need and demand for electrical power. This includes mining industries in remote locations. Solar PV systems generate more power if they are installed and operated efficiently. The inclination angle at which a PV panel is tilted from the horizontal plane is one of the most influential system parameters that affect the amount of electrical power output from the PV system and the system’s overall efficiency. Typically, the variation in the PV tilt angle determines the amount of incident solar radiation received on a PV panel to be utilized by a connected electrical load for use at a given site. In this paper, a mathematical model with numerical simulations are used to determine the total solar radiation incident on a tilted PV surface and to predict the optimum tilt angle for maximizing power generation from a solar PV system for potential application in Musselwhite Mine located in the remote northwestern region of Ontario, Canada. The total solar energy received on the optimally tilted PV surface is computed for all months in a year at the Musselwhite mine site. The results show that the monthly average optimum tilt angle of the PV system varied from a minimum value of 4o in the month of June to a maximum value of 74o in the months of January and December. It was also found that the highest maximum incident radiation of approximately 22.89 MJ/m2 for the whole year occurred in the month of April, whereas approximately 43.9% of this value (the lowest in the year) occurred in the month of December. The numerical simulation results suggest that PV systems are best be installed directly facing south at a fixed optimum tilt angle of 43o throughout the year at the Musselwhitemine site. This will improve the overall efficiency and save operating cost of the proposed PV system which in turn improves the commercial feasibility for the mining industry as an example of application.
Identificación de necesidades de formación continua del profesorado ante las demandas educativas del siglo XXI
Authors: Rodríguez Jiménez Andrés , Miqueli Rodríguez Bertha , Dávila Valdés Yosdey
Published: December 2020

La propuesta de un modelo pedagógico que dé respuesta a las demandas educativas del siglo XXI en la Universidad de Artemisa, Cuba, requirió de la identificación de necesidades formativas del profesorado para su implementación, hecho que justificó esta investigación y constituyó su objetivo. El estudio se realizó en 2018 con el empleo de una metodología esencialmente cuantitativa mediante una encuesta que incluyó preguntas cerradas y abiertas, así como una escala tipo Likert. Los resultados indicaron que, aunque no en todos los casos, las personas encuestadas fueron suficientemente reflexivas para reconocer en sí mismas las carencias formativas, estas carencias estuvieron presentes. Por otra parte, se evidenciaron limitaciones en el trabajo metodológico como actividad formativa esencial, y el personal docente encuestado identificó la falta de una oferta de formación continua por parte de la Universidad. Los resultados representaron tan solo la primera etapa del proceso de identificación de necesidades formativas, pues estos resultados deben enriquecerse con: las políticas universitarias para el período electivo, los informes de resultados del trabajo metodológico en la institución, así como con los resultados de las evaluaciones anuales y de los controles a clases realizados al profesorado. Además, como todo proceso, deberá alimentarse y retroalimentarse con cierta regularidad para que su ciclo se actualice de manera permanente. En cuanto a la aplicabilidad de los resultados, las carencias encontradas constituyeron un punto de partida para la elaboración de una estrategia de formación continua que respondiera a las necesidades formativas reales del profesorado.
Creating a Database for Theatre criticism in Greek literary journals, 1900-1950: Case Study
Authors: Georgopoulou Varvara , Ververopoulou Zoi , Antonopoulou Aliki , Spiropoulou Euangelia
Published: December 2020

Theatre criticism holds an important place in theatre studies, especially as a tool for studying theatre history and reception - it is one of the three main branches of theatrology along with theatre history and theory. This study aims to present the cataloguing, digitization and interpretive study of a body of theatre reviews published in Greek literary journals in the years 1900-1950.

The questions that we attempted to answer in this research concern various characteristics of theatre criticism in Greece in the period we are researching, and more specifically:

The language used, its construction and function

Its main representatives

Its ideological and aesthetic axes

The reception of the plays

The connections to the European intellectual currents of the time

The ways in which the nature of the publications (literary magazines) affected the thematic and structural organization of the texts, in contrast to the reviews published on the daily press.

As part of the same project, we also created a searchable electronic database, comprising a complete index of theatre criticism published in Greek journals in the years 1900-1950, which offers users access to the full reviews.
Role of the family focused technologies in the clinical course of pregnancy at women of high obstetric risk
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Vdovichenko S.Yu.
Published: December 2020

The objective: to show a role of the family focused technologies in depression of frequency of pathology of pregnancy at women of high obstetric risk. Patients and methods. For determination of efficiency of prophylaxis of pathology of pregnancy on the basis of use of the family focused technologies complex clinical-psychological and laboratory and tool examination of 300 women with factors of obstetric risk which were divided into two groups was conducted. In the main group – 182 women with motivation on partner labors to which provided training on system of individual preparation of married couple to labors. The comparison group consisted of 118 women who were not in prenatal training and had individual support in childbirth, with the traditional approach to pain management. Results. Use of the family focused technologies during pregnancy allows to reduce significantly the frequency of the main complications of pregnancy, especially not incubation and premature births. Conclusion. In our opinion, the technique is simple, available and can widely be used in practical health care at women with high obstetric risk. Key words: obstetric risk, the family focused technologies, prophylaxis.
Intrauterine growth restriction: diagnosis and perinatal complications
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Yanyuta G.S. , Savka T.R. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Basystiy A.V. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The objective: to determine the importance of a comprehensive ultrasound check of a foetus with arrested development. Patients and methods. Some 185 pregnant women with foetuses with arrested development were examined, including their amniotic fluid volume and Doppler velocimetry of foetal circulation. Results. Reliable changes in the placenta, amniotic fluid volume and Doppler parameters of fetal circulation. Conclusions. The stages and scale of the pathological process in a foetus with arrested development can be clearly determined with the help of a comprehensive ultrasound check. Key words: intrauterine growth restriction, pregnancy, blood flow in the uterus and placenta of pregnant women and in foetuses, Doppler.
Smoking as a risk factor for periodontal disease
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Lisetska I.S. , Rozhko M.M. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

A review of the literature on the mechanisms of periodontal disease under the influence of smoking. The data on the spread of the harmful habit of mankind — smoking both traditional cigarettes and alternative types of smoking — are analyzed. Smoking is the most common epidemic in the world. Today, cigarettes are considered drugs because with each cigarette burned, a person receives a certain dose of nicotine, which over time causes addiction and the development of addiction, the most common type of domestic addiction, which is a serious social and medical problem. In addition, back in 2002, tobacco smoke was officially declared a carcinogen that does not have a safe level of exposure to it. Active and passive smoking are equally harmful to the body, undermining a person's health and threatening his life. The oral cavity (RP) is the first barrier to tobacco smoke in the human body. The effect of smoking on the organs and tissues of the RP, as well as on the whole body, is primarily determined by the intensity and duration of chemical, physical and thermal action, as well as individual morphofunctional features oral mucosa (SORP). Smoking adversely affects the organs of RP, causing smoker+specific diseases such as cancer, Tappeiner's leukoplakia, smoker's melanosis, and deepens and promotes the progression of pre+existing dental diseases, such as periodontal tissue. It is established that there is a correlation between the intensity and experience of smoking and the occurrence and development of pathological changes in different organs and systems. The study of mechanisms of traditional and alternative types of smoking on periodontal tissues and SORP in adolescents and adolescents remains incomplete. In this regard, research aimed at clarifying the clinical features of the development and course of major dental diseases in smokers, especially adolescents and adolescents, as well as the search for effective treatment and prevention programs remain relevant. The study of the mechanisms of influence of traditional and alternative types of smoking on periodontal tissues and SORP in adolescents and adolescents remains incomplete. In this regard, research aimed at clarifying the clinical features of the development and course of major dental diseases in smokers, especially adolescents and adolescents, as well as the search for effective treatment and prevention programs remain relevant. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: smoking, cigarettes, tobacco, periodontal disease.
Special Issue Introduction
Authors: Dohe Carrie B.
Published: December 2020

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Relationship Between Transport Infrastructure Development and Price Formation
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University), Sergeeva M. V.
Published: December 2020

The paper suggests a bidirectional nexus between transport infrastructure and price formation. It is argued that the link between these two factors is not only through microeconomic effect that transport infrastructure development has on pricing, but also that it can be analyzed from the macroeconomic perspective. Hence, the article is aimed at investigating the bidirectional nexus between transport infrastructure and price formation. The main hypotheses of the research are the following: (1) Macro- and macroeconomic effects are different with respect to the sign of their influence; (2) Microeconomic effect is described by the negative effect of transport infrastructure development on price level; (3) Macroeconomic effect is perceived as a positive influence of price level increase on transport infrastructure development. Therefore, it is assumed the link between transport infrastructure and price formation is bidirectional: transport infrastructure has a negative effect on price formation, whereas price formation positively impacts transport infrastructure development. To test the hypothesis, analysis was conducted of 118 countries of different economic, social and political systems with the use of panel regression. The panel data for 2009-2018 years was used. The results indicate the presence of the said bidirectional link and prove the hypotheses set. Transport infrastructure development, represented by transport infrastructure score through the global competitiveness index, leads to reduction in price level, measured by the conversion factor of purchase power parity to exchange rates. In contrast, an increase in price level positively impacts transport infrastructure development. The nexus of transport infrastructure and price formation is explained through two directions: 1) from specific to general (including price fall by transport capacity increase – microeconomic effect); 2) from general to specific (as a social development level that determines the efficiency of management processes, in transport and logistics – macroeconomic effect).
Comparação entre o aspirado de medula óssea concentrado e o corticóide na tendinopatia glútea
Authors: Araújo Veiga Rosário Davi , Batista Faleiro Thiago , Ferreira Mendes Franco Bruno Adelmo , Marchetto Reinaldo , De Cerqueira Daltro Gildásio
Published: December 2020

INTRODUÇÃO A tendinopatia glútea adulta faz parte de um grupo de patologias da Síndrome Dolorosa Trocantérica (SDT). Esse distúrbio é caracterizado por dor, limitação funcional e perda de força local. O diagnóstico é feito a partir de exames clínicos associados a exames complementares (ultrassonografia ou ressonância magnética). OBJETIVO Estudo comparativo entre tratamento com corticóide e aspirado de medula óssea concentrado (BMAC) para o tratamento de tendinopatias glúteas. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS O ensaio clínico randomizado selecionou pacientes diagnosticados com tendinopatia glútea e os dividiu em dois grupos: (G1) aspirado de medula óssea concentrada e (G2) injeção de corticosteróide . RESULTADOS Foram selecionados 48 pacientes, dos quais 40 foram monitorados por 06 meses, com melhora nos escores nos dois grupos. Os pacientes que foram submetidos ao tratamento com BMAC tiveram uma melhora estatisticamente significativa nos escores de EVA e nos escores de Lequesne em comparação ao tratamento padrão. Houve uma melhora na avaliação da a qualidade de vida em ambos os grupos, sem diferença estatisticamente significativa. CONCLUSÃO O aspirado de medula óssea concentrada surge como uma alternativa ao tratamento padrão da tendinopatia glútea, provando ser uma técnica segura e com resultados promissores quando combinada à terapia comportamental de equipe multidisciplinar.

 Ensaio Clínico Randomizado.
Novel nanostructured and antimicrobial PVDF-HFP/PVP/MoO3 composite
Authors: Gradišar Centa Urška , Sterniša Meta , Višić Bojana , Federl Žiga , Možina Sonja Smole , Remškar Maja
Published: December 2020

Contact surfaces represent a liability for the transmission of microbial contamination, leading to high consumption of detergents and biocides for their care and further increasing the already problematic antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms. This issue could be addressed by the use of antimicrobial nanocomposite coatings. In this research, a polymer nanocomposite of inert poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and water-soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymers with molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) nanowires (NWs) was designed and characterised for to its surface properties and antimicrobial potential. The nanocomposite has an inhomogeneous structure with a positively charged and hydrophilic surface. The nanofiller reduces the surface roughness, changes the zeta potential from negative to positive, increases the wetting angle and thermal stability of the blend and maintains the polar β-phase in PVDF-HFP. The high specific surface area of the NWs leads to rapid release into water and causes pH decrease, followed by hydrolysis of PVP polymer and formation of carboxyl acid and ammonium salt. The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposite inactivates both bacteria and fungi, indicating that the novel nanocomposite is a stable nanostructured coating unfavourable for microorganism colonisation. The antimicrobial activity of this nanocomposite is activated by water, which makes it an intriguing candidate for antimicrobial coating of contact surfaces.
Comercio informal callejero: un insumo para políticas públicas
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, García Cediel Gustavo Adolfo , Olarte Dueñas Maryi Yurany ,   Universidad Santo Tomás, Bermúdez González Yoana Patricia ,   Universidad Santo Tomás, Delgado Jaimes Pedro Fernando ,   Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Montealegre Bustos Felipe ,   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, Rojas Sanguino Heriberto ,   Universidad Santo Tomás
Published: December 2020

Esta publicación analiza los cambios presentados en la economía informal reflejada en el comercio callejero que se desarrolla en el municipio de Bucaramanga. Este tipo de comercio ha sido contemplado como una problemática socioeconómica y espacial en los diferentes planes de gobierno, los cuales, entre otros aspectos, han establecido políticas y esfuerzos para mejorar las condiciones de calidad de vida de vendedores ambulantes y la recuperación del espacio público. Puntualmente, este libro revisa las características sociodemográficas de los comerciantes callejeros, sus lugares de concentración y las políticas realizadas por el Estado en beneficio de la ciudad, para finalmente proyectar lineamientos de políticas públicas que a este respecto deberían desarrollarse en la ciudad.
Impacto de la Cercanía, Toque Afectivo y Satisfacción con el Apoyo de la Pareja en los Comportamientos Saludables
Authors: Zepeda Goncen Georgina Daniela , Sánchez Aragón Rozzana
Published: December 2020

Introducción: La pareja tiene efectos físicos y psicológicos sumamente positivos, especialmente cuando hay cercanía, debido al bienestar experimentado, toque afectivo, que enriquece la expresión de comprensión y satisfacción con el apoyo de la pareja, pues habrá mayor motivación para realizar comportamientos saludables.

Objetivo: Identificar la magnitud, examinar las diferencias y conocer el grado de asociación de la cercanía, toque afectivo y satisfacción con el apoyo recibido por parte de la pareja en el empleo de comportamientos saludables.

Método: Se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística de 194 hombres y 194 mujeres mexicanos integrantes de una relación de pareja heterosexual (edad M = 37), con escolaridad mínima de secundaria. Se aplicó una batería compuesta por instrumentos de medición psicológica validados para población mexicana y se realizó una serie de análisis de varianza con pruebas a posteriori de Scheffé y correlaciones producto momento de Pearson.

Resultados: De los resultados se destaca que los grupos de mayor toque afectivo y satisfacción con el apoyo recibido emplean mayores comportamientos saludables de actividad y relajación. Por otra parte, para las mujeres, la cercanía se relaciona con mayores conductas de Actividad-relajación (0,168*según Pearson). Para los hombres, mayor satisfacción con el apoyo de su pareja propiciará que realicen mayores conductas de cuidado (0,157* según Pearson).

Conclusión: Formar parte de una relación de pareja cercana, afectiva y donde el apoyo es satisfactorio crea un espacio para tener mejor calidad de vida y salud, por su influencia sobre actitudes, significados y conocimientos que determinan la adopción de conductas saludables.
La salud general percibida y su asociación al síndrome de burnout académico e ideación suicida en universitarios colombianos
Authors: Jimenez Villamizar Maria Paola , Caballero Dominguez Carmen Cecilia
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia de la salud general percibida y su asociación al síndrome de burnout académico e ideación suicida en universitarios de una institución pública de la ciudad de Santa Marta.

Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal con componente analítico, en una muestra de 807 estudiantes de una universidad pública, quienes respondieron la escala de salud general (GHQ), el inventario de burnout académico (MBI-SS) y la escala de ideación suicida (CES-D-IS).

Resultados: Mostraron el 60 % de los participantes eran mujeres con edades entre 18 a 47 años. El 28 % informa malestar en su salud general percibida. La ideación suicida (OR = 3,16; IC 95 % 1,82 - 5,49), el agotamiento (OR = 2,22; IC 95 % 1,51 - 3,25), el cinismo (OR = 1,61; IC 95 % 1,14 - 2,28), y la ineficacia académica (OR = 1,60; IC 95 % 1,12 - 2,28) se asociaron a malestar general percibido.

Conclusiones: La ideación suicida y las dimensiones del burnout (agotamiento, cinismo e ineficacia académica) son factores de riesgo para la salud general percibida en los estudiantes universitarios. Se necesita más investigación acerca del papel de variables contextuales en la salud general de los estudiantes universitarios.
Ideación suicida, ansiedad, capital social y calidad de sueño en colombianos durante el primer mes de aislamiento físico por COVID-19
Authors: RodrÃ­guez Ubaldo Enrique , León Valle Zumeina Lucía , Ceballos Ospino Guillermo Augusto
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: explorar los niveles de ideación suicida, ansiedad, capital social y calidad de sueño en hombres y mujeres, según edades, en población colombiana durante el primer mes de Aislamiento Físico por pandemia de Covid-19.
Método: Estudio exploratorio y en línea, con 484 sujetos. Se utilizaron cuatro Escalas: Escala de Okasha para Suicidalidad (Okasha-IS), ZungSelf-Rating Anxiety Scale-15 (SAS-15), The Personal Social Capital Scale (PSCS) y Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Los instrumentos se registraron en la Web y se suministró mediante WhatsApp, Facebook y E-mail.
Resultados: Se encontró un índice de ideación suicida del 40% entre leve a severa. 97% de ansiedad leve a severa. Capital social personal regular (81%) y 23% con poca calidad de sueño. La edad se asoció de manera inversa con valores de IS, SAS y PSQI (p<0,01) y de manera directa con PSCS (p<0,05). Sexo se correlacionó positivamente con SAS-15 (p<0,01) y PQSI (p<0,05). Mediante Análisis de Varianza se encontró diferencia significativa en hombres en los valores del IS y PQSI (p<0,01) y en mujeres hay diferencia significativa en los valores de IS, SAS-15 y PQSI (p<0,01) en diferentes grupos de edades.
Conclusiones: Las mujeres son más propensas a sentir ansiedad e ideación suicida asociados con Aislamiento Físico y bajo capital social, lo que puede desencadenar problemas psicológicos mayores. Los jóvenes menores de 20 años siguen siendo un grupo de mayor riesgo a padecer psicopatologías profundas, desencadenando suicidios. El presente estudio se adhiere a la idea de usar el término de distanciamiento Físico y no Aislamiento Social, dado que las relaciones sociales se mantienen desde niveles diferentes al contacto físico.
Türkiye’de Cami Gündemi, Medya ve Mimarlık (2009-2013): Şakirin, Mimar Sinan, Çamlıca ve Sancaklar Camileri Üzerine
Authors: TAŞAR Emin Selçuk , DÜZENLİ Halil İbrahim
Published: December 2020

Türkiye’de Şakirin Camii ile başlayıp Ataşehir Mimar Sinan Camii ile de-vam eden, Çamlıca Camii projesi ile gündemde en fazla yer alan ve son ola-rak Sancaklar Camii ile sürdürülen cami tartışmalarının basılı medyadaki niceliksel verileri üzerine toplu bir bakış, cami tartışmalarını toparlayıcı ve bilimsel bir zemine oturtucu işlev görebilir. 2009 yılı mayıs ayında Şakirin Camii, 2012 yılı Temmuz ayında Ataşehir Mimar Sinan Camii, 2013 yılı Kasım ayında Sancaklar Camii ibadete açılmıştır. Çamlıca’da büyük ölçekli bir caminin inşa edileceği ise 2012 yılı mayıs ayında kamuoyuyla paylaşıl-mıştır. İstanbul’da inşa edilen bu dört camiyle ilgili 2009-2013 yılları ara-sında Türkiye medyasında, daha önce hiç olmadığı miktarda, haber yapıl-mış ve yazılar yazılmıştır. Dolayısıyla bu tarihsel aralık irdelenmeyi hak eden anlamlı bir dönem olarak tanımlanabilir. Makalede, yukarıdaki dört caminin konu edildiği 2009-2013 yılları arasında yayımlanmış 8000 basılı medya verisi üzerine bir değerlendirme yapılmaktadır. Niceliksel verilerle oluşturulan grafiklerdeki anlamlı değişimler yorumlanmış, 2009-2013 yıl-ları arasında Türkiye’de cami-mimarlık gündeminin siyasi ve ideolojik çer-çevede kırılma noktaları, kritik eşikleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Üzerin-de durulması gereken en önemli eşik Çamlıca Camii’nin yapılacağının ka-muoyuyla paylaşıldığı 2012 yılı mayıs ayında olmuştur. Elde edilen bulgu-lara göre basılı medyadaki cami ve mimarlık tartışmalarını Çamlıca’dan önce ve sonra şeklinde ayrımlamak mümkün gözükmektedir. Yapılan veya sürdürülen tartışmaların siyasetin gündemi ile fazlaca irtibatlı olduğu orta-ya çıkmış ve mimarlığın sadece tanımlı ve geçirgen olmayan bir alana sahip olmadığını, siyasi, ekonomik ve toplumsal ilişkilerin hepsiyle birlikte şekil-lendiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Agroecología y desarrollo rural: análisis de la trayectoria del Grupo Agroecológico Las Tres Colonias, 1998-2019
Authors: Iermanó María José , Pereda María Mercedes , Fleita Fernando Aníbal , Almada Carolina
Published: December 2020

En la provincia de Corrientes, a partir de los años noventa, avanzó vertiginosamente el modelo de agricultura moderna, en un contexto de convertibilidad, apertura de la economía y desregulación de mercados. Este proceso perjudicó a las producciones para autoconsumo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la trayectoria y la situación actual del Grupo Agroecológico Las Tres Colonias. En el marco de una Investigación Acción Participativa, se construyó la línea de tiempo grupal de manera participativa. Para el análisis se tuvieron en cuenta aspectos del contexto, como las políticas públicas para el desarrollo rural y la agricultura familiar. La reconstrucción participativa de la historia del grupo sirvió para hacer un recorrido por su trayectoria, revalorizando los logros e identificando aspectos de las circunstancias actuales susceptibles de trabajar y mejorar. Se observó que la trayectoria del grupo fue diferente a la de otros productores que optaron por la agricultura moderna. El cambio hacia el modelo productivo agroecológico permitió mayor autonomía en cuanto al uso de insumos y comercialización de productos. El análisis revelo la importancia de la organización grupal y del acompañamiento de INCUPO para el acceso a políticas públicas, financiamiento, capacitaciones y comercialización directa.
Narrativas de territorialización en las políticas públicas en Costa Rica y sus efectos en una comunidad indígena
Authors: Barboza Arias Luis Miguel , Chacón - Araya Karen , Alpízar - Rojas Daniel
Published: December 2020

Las políticas públicas de territorialización en Costa Rica están sujetas a la aparición de nuevas dinámicas socioespaciales, y en ocasiones limitan la importancia de garantizar la participación de los actores territoriales. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar los avances y desafíos en cuanto a las políticas públicas de territorialización en Costa Rica. El abordaje teórico-metodológico se basó en la consulta bibliográfica y la revisión no exhaustiva de los instrumentos de política pública en esta materia. Se aporta evidencia empírica que apoyaría la idea de que la incorporación de la variable territorial en las políticas públicas de territorialización en Costa Rica, si bien ha permitido en todos los casos la identificación de problemáticas que aluden en mayor o menor medida al elemento relacional de las dinámicas socioespaciales y su influencia en los procesos de desarrollo, aún presenta importantes desafíos en relación con la participación de actores locales y de cara a retos mayores como la implementación de la Agenda 2030 y el logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. Las experiencias analizadas permiten concluir que la implementación de un enfoque en exceso normativista puede generar prácticas contrarias a la territorialización efectiva de los instrumentos de política pública.
Políticas públicas de desarrollo territorial rural: Instrumentos para enfrentar la crisis
Authors: Sampaio Torrens João Carlos
Published: December 2020

El actual escenario de crisis global, agravado por la emergencia de la pandemia del COVID-19, ha evidenciado la necesidad de una mirada multidimensional sobre los graves problemas de la sociedad. Este artículo enfatiza los principales aportes conceptuales del abordaje territorial para su aplicación en las políticas públicas y presenta un conjunto de recomendaciones para la construcción de políticas públicas innovadoras de desarrollo rural, en el ámbito del contexto post pandemia. Valoriza la importancia de la incorporación de este enfoque en las políticas de desarrollo como una herramienta del conocimiento capaz de apoyar las medidas de enfrentamiento a la crisis, desde la perspectiva del cumplimento de la Agenda 2030 del Desarrollo Sostenible.
cooperativismo agrícola en el contexto de globalización. Un estudio exploratorio en el sur de Francia
Authors: Massera Maricel Lorena , Cuatrín Sperati Esteban , Locher María Valentina
Published: December 2020

A partir del análisis de una cooperativa y un grupo cooperativo en la región de Lauragais, Francia, se pretende explorar las consecuencias que el actual contexto de globalización y concentración posee para las cooperativas agrícolas, en términos de su organización interna, los vínculos que establecen con sus asociados, y las estrategias que llevan adelante a fin de adaptarse al cambio. Se reconoce en el análisis que ambas experiencias son atravesadas por la tensión entre el logro de la eficiencia en tanto empresas operadas colectivamente, y el fomento de la participación, democracia y solidaridad en tanto cooperativas, mostrando –con ciertos matices- una mayor valoración del primer objetivo.
PERAN KEAHLIAN TEKNOLOGI PROSES DAN SINTESIS BAHAN DALAM MENDUKUNG INDUSTRI NUKLIR DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kusnanto .
Published: December 2020

Energi telah menjadi basic need, yang setara dengan kebutuhan pangan. Dengan pandangan jauh ke depan, kini sudah tiba saatnya untuk mengupayakan pengurangan ketergantungan pada sumber energi primer fosil dan dengan serius mengembangkan sumber energi primer baru yaitu energi nuklir, sinergi dengan pengembangan energi baru dan terbarukan yang lain. Pengembangan reaktor maju menjadi mutlak diperlukan bila energi nuklir akan tetap digunakan sebagai andalan teknologi pemenuhan energi. Peluang untuk mengembangkan industri proses bahan semakin terbuka di Indonesia. Kekayaan alam, mineral dan energi merupakan modal besar bila ditopang dengan kemampuan penguasaan teknologi dan kebijakan pemerintah yang berpihak pada kemampuan dan kemandirian bangsa. Bila hydrogen diproduksi menggunakan reaktor maju dapat diproduksi secara komersial, dapat dipastikan kebutuhan zircon oxide, yang merupakan produk antara industri zirconium logam, akan sangat tajam meningkat kebutuhannya, yaitu untuk fuel cell. Fuel cell jenis SOFC diyakini paling efisien untuk digunakan sebagai alat konversi energi yang menggunakan bahan bakar hydrogen. Agar kemandirian bangsa ini dapat terwujud, dibutuhkan sumber daya manusia yang memiliki keahlian teknologi proses. Keahlian tidak dapat diperoleh hanya melalui pendidikan formal di perguruan tinggi. Keahlian diperoleh melalui 3 tahapan yaitu: a) Pendidikan; b) Pelatihan c) Pengalaman kerja. Pelatihan dan pengalaman kerja memiliki kontribusi besar terhadap keahlian seseorang. Oleh karena itu sertifikasi keahlian/profesi yang terdiri atas aspek pelatihan atau pengalaman kerja menjadi hal-hal yang diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan di atas.
Pengolahan Limbah Produksi Radioisotop Menggunakan Resin Penukar Anion
Authors: Aisyah Aisyah , Martono Herlan , Wati Wati
Published: December 2020

Dalam produksi radioisotop 99Mo akan ditimbulkan limbah radioaktif yang mengandung campuran uranium dan hasil belah. Pengolahan dilakukan untuk memisahkan uranium dari hasil belah menggunakan resin penukar anion. Resin penukar anion akan selektif mengikat uranium dalam bentuk uranium kompleks. Telah dilakukan penelitian pengolahan limbah simulasi dengan konsentrasi uranium 0,05g/L menggunakan resin penukar anion amberlit IRA-400(Cl) dengan cara mengkomplekkan uranium dengan Na2CO3. Variable yang dipelajari adalah jumlah Na2CO3 dan waktu kontak. Penjerapan uranium yang optimal diperoleh pada penambahan Na2CO3. 0,75 gram (U / Na2CO3 ? 0,067), waktu kontak 60 menit dengan penjerapan uranium 88,6 % berat. Resin IRA-400 (Cl) yang jenuh uranium disolidifikasi dengan polimer resin epoksi. Karakterisasi polimer-limbah hasil solidifikasi dilakukan dengan pengukuran densitas, kuat tekan dan laju pelindihan. Densitas ditentukan dengan mengukur berat dan volume polimer-limbah, kuat tekan ditentukan dengan alat uji tekan Paul Weber dan laju pelindihan ditentukan dengan alat sokhlet. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa kandungan limbah yang optimal adalah 20 % berat dengan densitas 1,036 g/cm3, kuat tekan 12,153 kN/ cm2dan tidak terdeteksi adanya pelindihan uranium keluar dari polimer-limbah.
Aplikasi Komputer Untuk Visualisasi Pola Sebaran Konsentrasi Gas Dari Sumber Titik Instan Dalam Fluida Diam Dan Medium Anisotrop
Authors: Supriyono Supriyono
Published: December 2020

Telah dibuat suatu aplikasi komputer untuk menvisualkan suatu sebaran konsentrasi gas akibat terjadinya suatu kebocoran gas, misalnya pada pipa pemboran gas bumi. Aplikasi ini dibuat untuk dijadikan salah satu komponen dalam sistem pemantauan lingkungan pada daerah industri atau daerah pertambangan, yaitu supaya tersedia suatu informasi awal tentang kemungkinan tercemarnya suatu daerah akibat adanya kebocoran pipa gas. Model yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model difusi tak tunak dari sumber titik instan dalam fluida diam dan model difusi dari sumber titik instant di dalam medium anisotrop dan penggambaran konsentrasi gas yang berasal dari sumber kebocoran pipa adalah kurva distribusi Gauss. Aplikasi komputer ini berbentuk simulasi dengan disediakan berbagai macam fasilitas input data dan hasilnya berupa angka-angka, grafik 3-dimensi maupun 2 dimensi dan pilihan bentuk grafik. Untuk membangun aplikasi ini digunakan perangkat lunak Matlab 6.1. Dengan melakukan Simulasi terhadap berbagai macam variabel masukan, maka aplikasi komputer ini akan menghasilkan sejumlah prediksi konsentrasi gas dalam bentuk pola 2-dimensi, 3-dimensi, dan kontur.