bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dramaturgical Design Based on The Legend of Dideng Puti Dayang Ayu from Rantau Pandan
Authors: Irianto Ikhsan Satria , M. Hartati , Riswani  , Gustyawan Tofan
Published: May 2024

Dideng is an oral art from Rantau Pandan Village whose existence is of concern due to the lack of regeneration. In fact, Dideng art has theatrical, musical and gestural power. The content of Dideng is the legend of Puti Dayang Ayu which has great dramatic potential. Designing a performance concept (dramaturgical design) based on the legend of Puti Dayang Ayu is an effort to revitalize and develop Jambi's dramatic arts. This research aims to find dramatic material to then reassemble into a dramaturgical plan based on the legend of Dideng Puti Dayang Ayu. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The data collection techniques used were interviews and observation. Data analysis was carried out using three analytical tools, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results achieved from this research are 1). Dideng is a means of entertainment for the people of Rantau Pandan village which does not yet have a good regeneration of speakers. Therefore, creativity is needed to create Dideng in more attractive packaging. 2). The Dideng text was passed down orally so it does not have a standard story. Each speaker has their own version of the story. Therefore, the preparation of the story is adjusted to the dramatic needs of the story. 3). The writing of this play was motivated by the dramatic vision of "rationalization of legend". The main theme is broken promises and is structured in an aristolelian episodic plot.
SWOT Data Assimilation with Correlated Error Reduction: Fitting Model and Error Together
Authors: Gao Yu , Gille Sarah , Cornuelle Bruce , Mazloff Matthew
Published: May 2024

The Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission provides high-resolution two-dimensional sea surface height (SSH) data with swath coverage. However, spatially correlated errors affect these SSH measurements, particularly in the cross-track direction. The scales of errors can be similar to the scales of ocean features. Conventionally, instrumental errors and ocean signals have been solved for independently in two stages. Here, we have developed a one-stage procedure that solves for the correlated error at the same time that data are assimilated into a dynamical ocean model. This uses the ocean dynamics to distinguish ocean signals from observation errors. We test its performance relative to the two-stage method using simplified dynamics and a data set consisting of westward propagating Rossby waves, along with correlated instrumental errors of varying magnitudes. In a series of ensemble analyses, we found that the one-stage approach consistently outperforms the two-stage approach when estimating SSH signal and correlated errors. The one-stage approach can recover over 95% of the SSH signal, while skill for the two-stage approach drops significantly as error increases. Our findings suggest that solving for the correlated errors within the assimilation framework can provide an effective analysis approach, reducing the risks of confounding signal and instrument noise.
Application of Large Language Models in Developing Conversational Agents for Water Quality Education, Communication and Operations
Authors: Samuel Dinesh Jackson , Sermet Muhammed , Mount Jerry , Vald Gabriel , Cwiertny David , Demir Ibrahim
Published: May 2024

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, has opened new horizons in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), revolutionizing the way we can engage with and disseminate complex information. This paper presents an innovative application of ChatGPT in the domain of Water Quality (WQ) management, through the development of an AI Hub. The Hub encompasses a suite of conversational agents, each designed to address different aspects of water quality management, including nitrogen pollution, local water quality issues, and actionable planning for water conservation. These agents utilize the advanced natural language processing capabilities of ChatGPT, complemented with water quality-related data, to provide users with accurate, up-to-date, and contextually relevant information. The objective is to empower communities with the knowledge necessary to understand and address water quality challenges effectively. Our comprehensive evaluation of these agents demonstrates their proficiency in delivering valuable insights, with an overall performance accuracy exceeding 89%. This paper underscores the potential of AI-enabled platforms in enhancing public understanding and engagement in environmental conservation efforts. By bridging the gap between complex environmental data and public awareness, the AI Hub sets a precedent for the application of AI in sustainable environmental management.
Ten Emotion Regulation Tactics and Two Internalizing Symptoms in Adolescents: A Meta-Analytic Review
Authors: Kraft Lorenz , Lindenberg Katajun , Gronau Mira , Haase Isabell , Havenstein Carla , Riehl Pauline , Romboy Jule
Published: May 2024

We report five meta-analyses that each examined the relationships between two within-strategy emotion regulation tactics and symptoms of depression and anxiety in adolescents. The examined tactics were emotional and situational acceptance, behavioral and cognitive distraction, non-judging and non-reactive mindfulness, behavioral and cognitive problem solving, and positive and relativizing reappraisal. The main question of our endeavor was whether the magnitudes of effect sizes differ between sibling tactics albeit being subtypes of the same emotion regulation strategy. We analyzed a total of 91 articles (92 studies) with 343 effect sizes and found differences in effect size magnitudes across all tactic siblings. Post-hoc analyses revealed, however, that many effect size differences between sibling tactics depend on the particular emotion regulation questionnaire involved. Overall, the results imply the potential clinical importance for a context-dependent selection of emotion regulation tactics above and beyond strategies, and the need for a general tactic flexibility. Experimental and longitudinal studies should be conducted in the future to provide a more encompassing and causally grounded perspective on these links. Further studies should also investigate effect size magnitudes of other emotion regulation tactics, include other symptoms, and adult populations. It is furthermore of great importance to develop questionnaires that more specifically consider ER tactics in the future.
Development and validation of an artificial intelligence chatbot to assess personality
Authors: Sun Tianjun , Roberts Brent , Drasgow Fritz , Zhou Michelle X.
Published: May 2024

Recent technological advances have allowed researchers to apply automated, language-based machine learning models as alternatives to self-reports for assessing personality. However, previous work has largely overlooked the multidimensional nature of personality and lacked in-depth exploration of validity issues. In this paper, we examined novel methods for leveraging artificial intelligence (AI), natural language processing (NLP), machine learning, and automation to systematically glean personality-related information from textual data which offers rich information and reflects various aspects of personality but has been severely underutilized. We connected the five-factor (or Big Five) model (comprised of openness to new experiences, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) with NLP from two angles: 1) a psychometric and construct validity perspective (i.e., the degree to which information extracted from textual data reflects personality constructs), and 2) an applicability perspective (i.e., the ability to elicit personality-relevant information from text in line with psychological and organizational principles). Innovatively, we built an interactive tool to automatically and adaptively prompt for, collect, and analyze personality-relevant topic-based (i.e., honoring the Big Five factorial structure) narrative data through conversations conducted by an AI chatbot. Results showed significant improvements in various validities of the new personality assessment tool compared to existing applications. Potential reasons for the improvement magnitudes, limitations of the current methods, and future directions are discussed.
Expert and citizen perceptions of the energy transition: A mental model approach
Authors: van den Broek Karlijn L. , de Jager Lynn , Doran Rouven , Böhm Gisela
Published: May 2024

How actors perceive the transition pathways towards sustainable energy production and use is likely to influence their support in their everyday behaviour and political engagement toward the energy transition. Mapping actor’s mental models of the energy transition can provide key insights into such perceptions. The present study is the first to systematically map mental models of the energy transition, compare mental models between actor groups, and explain differences in mental models with political orientation and worry about climate change. We mapped mental models about the energy transition among a sample of experts (N=25), and representative samples of Dutch (N=299) and Norwegian citizens (N=313). Participants visualised their perceptions of the causal relations of energy transition pathways by drawing a diagram using a standardised tool to map mental models (M-Tool). The results demonstrate (1) a key focus in the mental models on renewable energy generation such as solar panels, wind farms, and hydropower, (2) that expert mental models are more focused on policy pathways compared to citizen mental models, (3) that mental models of more right-winged actors focus less on individual behaviour than left-winged actors, and (4) that climate change worry results in more focus on individual behaviour and policy pathways in the mental models. Policymakers could use these insights when developing communications concerning the energy transition, for example, by tailoring their messages to the mental models of the target group.
Limits to the Problem-Solving Ability of Human Groups Related to Strong Collective Intelligence
Authors: Williams Andy E
Published: May 2024

This paper explores the concept of strong collective intelligence (strong CI) and its necessity for solving complex problems that surpass the capabilities of human groups working without such advanced collaborative frameworks. Drawing parallels between the evolution of multicellularity and the potential of strong CI, it argues that certain complex issues cannot be effectively addressed through traditional problem-solving strategies due to inherent limitations in human cognitive and organizational capacities. The study introduces five hypotheses that outline the theoretical boundaries limiting group problem-solving abilities: the classification of problem-solving domains, the establishment of universal metrics of fitness, the distribution and decentralization of problem-solving efforts, the development of a semantic model for system behavior, and the decomposition of collective behavior into reusable functional components. Through generative AI demonstrations, the paper illustrates examples of these limits in action, emphasizing the need for a General Collective Intelligence (GCI) platform to achieve optimal collective outcomes. The discussion section suggests collaborative strategies for overcoming these barriers, advocating for cooperation, convergence, and the design of systems that encourage collective problem-solving. The paper concludes by highlighting the potential of strong CI, particularly in the context of global challenges such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), to significantly enhance the problem-solving capabilities of human groups by leveraging technology and collective intelligence. Future research directions include a large-scale "Change the World University Challenge" to empirically validate the proposed hypotheses and further explore the application of strong CI in addressing complex global issues.
Experimenting with the past: an integrative approach to early symbolic evolution
Authors: Wisher Isobel , Tylén Kristian
Published: May 2024

In recent years, discussions on the origins of language have been reinvigorated through new kinds of controlled experiments that attempt to uncover the mechanisms by which communication systems such as natural languages evolve. These new approaches can test the plausibility of different theories and have been integral, for instance, in challenging the assumption that language evolution necessitated significant neurological changes. However, experimental studies on the emergence of symbolic behaviour have had less impact outside the field of cognitive science and cultural evolution studies. One reason is an epistemic disconnect with insights from the historical, anthropological, and archaeological record. Here we present methods that attempt to integrate insights from cognitive science and archaeology, to provide a more holistic and robust model for the emergence and development of symbolic behaviour. By using archaeological evidence of symbolic activity directly as stimuli in different types of experiments, we can test their ‘cognitive affordances’, that is, their potential to impact relevant cognitive processes, and thereby support our inferences about their function and use. This chapter first outlines examples of experimental approaches that can be used to understand the cognitive affordances of particular marks, signs or symbols. We then outline how these experimental approaches can be used to understand symbolic practices derived from the archaeological record. This has vast potential for gaining deeper insights into some of the oldest examples of symbolic behaviour, and thus for better understanding how symbolism and language evolved.
A Comparison of Three Executive Function Batteries in a Preschool-Aged Sample
Authors: Kuhn Laura , Camerota Marie , Willoughby Michael T , Blair Clancy
Published: May 2024

There is great interest in the development of executive function (EF) in the preschool period. Accordingly, multiple performance-based measures of EF have been developed for this age group, yet little is known about how they compare to one another. This study used a large and diverse sample of 3-to-5-year-old children (N = 846), who completed subtests of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NTCB), Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-IV), and EF Touch battery. Scores on the three batteries were moderately correlated, but children had higher mean accuracy scores on EF Touch than on the NTCB or the WPPSI-IV. Mean accuracy scores on all batteries were linearly associated with child age. Comparisons by income and race/ethnicity showed lower accuracy for low-income children on the WPPSI-IV and lower accuracy for White children on the NTCB. Across all batteries, there was consistently lower accuracy for Hispanic children. The three batteries we examined performed similarly across several metrics. EF Touch may be more appropriate for younger children, while the NTCB performed well with older children. The EF Touch battery is a free to use assessment that may appeal to both researchers and practitioners given its psychometric similarities with the NTCB and WPPSI-IV.
Racial and Ethnic Heterogeneity in Housework Time
Authors: CHENG HAO-CHUN , Sayer Liana C
Published: May 2024

This study aims to explore the racial and ethnic heterogeneity in men’s and women’s housework time across marital statuses. As the perspective of Gender as Structure suggests, gender differences in housework can be attributed to gender disparities in socioeconomic status and gender socialization. These differences can further diverge when men and women enter into partnered households due to the gendered division of labor. However, men and women from different races and ethnicities experience different gender disparities in socioeconomic status and racialized gender socialization in partnered and unpartnered households. This can potentially lead to racial and ethnic heterogeneity in gender differences in housework across marital statuses. Using the 2007-2019 American Time Use Survey (ATUS) and regression models conducted for men and women separately, the results show that gender differences are less pronounced among the Black population, mainly due to women’s reduced time on housework compared to other partnered women. In contrast, gender differences are the most pronounced among partnered Hispanic women. Moreover, racial and ethnic heterogeneity is more diverse among women across different marital statuses than among men. These findings shed light on the significance of the intersectionality of race and ethnicity and marital status in gender differences in housework.
Transitions to adulthood in men and women in rural Malawi in the 21st century using sequence analysis: some evidence for delay
Authors: McLean Estelle , Sironi Maria , Dube Albert , Slaymaker Emma , Crampin Amelia C , Sear Rebecca
Published: May 2024

There is global evidence that ‘social adulthood’ may be occurring later, which may have impacts on individuals and communities. This analysis used unusually detailed, prospectively collected data from the Karonga Health and Demographic Surveillance Site in rural Malawi between 2004-2017, conducting sequence analyses to describe transitions to adulthood for both men and women and assess whether their timing is changing. Many participants followed a fairly traditional transition to adulthood, leaving school, marrying and having children all within a short time period, however there were a sizable group experiencing later marriage. These seem to be split into those (mostly men) who received very little education and have a long delay between school-leaving and marrying, and those who are able to access more education. For men, the change over time seems mostly related to access to secondary education rather than timing of marriage. For women, change over time is related to increased access to secondary education and timing of marriage.
The social categorization of sexual abuse
Authors: Eelmaa Simone
Published: May 2024

In our minds, what exactly counts as child sexual abuse? Who do we consider as people who commit such acts? What do we associate with the risk of sexual abuse? Who do we consider dangerous? Who do we blame? Are all sexual abuse victims seen as deserving of help, or are some victims seen as less deserving? Is there a hierarchy of victims? Does it matter whether we believe them? How does our behavior toward victims impact them? These are all questions explored in this thesis. Aiming to conceptualize and explain public perceptions of child sexual abuse and the observable implications of these perceptions, this thesis drew on three qualitative studies focusing on victims, parents, and the general public. This thesis introduces novel perspectives on how society views and reacts to sexual abuse, blending insights from sociology, law, victimology, criminology, and psychology. It reveals that abuse is more likely recognized when it visibly resembles a crime, like when there is evident violence or injury. Most importantly, the social “understanding” of what constitutes sexual abuse is far more limiting than what the law describes as such. Offenders are typically portrayed as somehow different from the rest of the population and victims are judged against the “ideal victim” stereotype – i.e., young, innocent, visibly traumatized children. Teenagers or those seen as risk-takers are often viewed as less harmed, a notion rooted in conditional harmfulness, inaccurately judging abuse impact based on victim attributes. Overall, in people’s perceptions, the “child” in child sexual abuse rarely includes teenagers. These perceptions deeply affect responses to abuse, influencing the support and belief extended to victims. Those fitting the “ideal victim” mold receive empathy and are urged to report abuse, while those who do not, are usually shamed and discouraged from seeking help. Ultimately, the thesis reveals how societal “stories” about sexual abuse create a framework that influences everything from social categorization of sexual abuse to victims’ self-perceptions and post-abuse behavior. It highlights the challenges victims face, not just in dealing with the abuse but also in navigating the societal expectations and judgments that come with it. The thesis concludes with practical recommendations and suggestions for future research.
"They are developing a VOD platform, but I think that the Television wants a catch-up": the development of the VOD platform on Czech public service television through the negotiation of organizational cultures
Authors: Slavík Lukáš , Smejkal Klára
Published: May 2024

In response to the digital transformation and the surge of commercial video-on-demand (VOD) platforms like Netflix, public service media (PSM) face the challenge of adapting while preserving their core values. While current studies predominantly focus on the adaptation process of the Western European PSMs, this research contributes a novel perspective by investigating the case of Central and Eastern European countries, specifically the Czech public service broadcaster Česká televize (Czech Television, CT). The emphasis on the role of the organizational culture within this institution shows the social nature of digital innovation. It complements the current scholarship focused on the outcome of the digitization of public service media. Utilizing a comprehensive approach, combining 39 semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations conducted from November 2020 to May 2023, the study explores how organizational culture shapes the imaginaries of the new version of the CT content platform, "iVysílání" (iBroadcasting). The findings reveal an initial tension between the "imported" culture of the new VOD staff and the existing more conservative culture of CT, leading to different imaginaries of the platform. Over time, there is a convergence of cultures, resulting in a compromised platform imaginary between a catch-up portal and a VOD platform. Indeed, it turns out that innovation cannot be brought to a successful conclusion without systematic (organizational culture) change management and clear vision articulation by top management.
From mixed tenure development to mixed tenure neighbourhoods
Authors: Khor Lee-Anne , Taylor Elizabeth , Glackin Stephen , Rowley Steven , Siebel Stefan , Tinios Daniela , Azizi Rashed
Published: May 2024

This study examines the opportunities for, and benefits of, mixed tenure housing developments in Australia, and in particular how to deliver successful mixed tenure outcomes at a neighbourhood scale.Appropriate land assembly is a primary driver of mixed tenure neighbourhood opportunities. Examination of Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne shows that, in 2023, over 12,000 public housing properties formed suitable clusters for neighbourhood redevelopment that could deliver more than 40,000 additional new dwellings. The three case studies presented in the research highlight that in the prevailing economic climate it is more effective, and much simpler, for the state housing authorities to sell off housing lots and use the proceeds to subsidise the delivery of social housing either directly or indirectly through CHPs. The research found:- the availability of capital funding will determine the development’s dwelling and tenure mix. While a 70:30 mix, where 70 per cent of housing is sold at market rate and 30 per cent sold at a discount to CHPs, is broadly accepted as best practice, there is little evidence that clearly links this benchmark to successful developments- Neighbourhood-scale development allows state housing authorities to cross-subsidise social housing development and deliver other affordable housing products such as below-market-rental and shared-equity products on a greater scale- developments should consider tenure-blind, mixed-income developments where tenants can shift between different subsidised or market housing forms while remaining in their community developers’ objectives and attitude to mixed tenure projects contributes greatly to successful developments. - Development quality in private dwellings is not always high enough for social housing standards, which can result in the social housing dwellings being distinct from those delivered by the private sector- greater consistency across state and local government jurisdictions would aid the development of appropriate funding models and approaches to mixed tenure development.
The nutrient profile and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of methanol-extracted turmeric in Wistar rats
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science, Federal University of Technology Minna, Bosso LGA, Niger State, Nigeria., Salawu Abdulwahab O. , Umar Maimuna B. ,   Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science, Federal University of Technology Minna, Bosso LGA, Niger State, Nigeria., Waheed Sakariyau A. ,   Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Health and Natural Science, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA., Azeez Soliu A. ,   Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Science, Federal University of Technology Minna, Bosso LGA, Niger State, Nigeria., Obunadike Chizoba V. ,   Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria., Azaki Gideon P. ,   Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Science, Federal University of Technology Minna, Bosso LGA, Niger State, Nigeria.
Published: May 2024

Curcuma longa has long been recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties in traditional medicine systems, which has received substantial scientific validation. This study aimed to evaluate C. longa methanolic extract's proximate and anti-inflammatory activities. Phytochemical screening of C. longa was done by colorimetric and spectrophotometric approaches (both qualitative and quantitative respectively). Furthermore, a recent approach (standard method) was used to research C. longa's anti-inflammatory effects and proximate components. The qualitative phytochemical screening revealed a substantial amount of turbid alkaloid (++) but no steroid (-). Phenol (151.34±1.01 mg/100g) had the highest concentration (5.83%), while flavonoid (22.30±0.62 mg/100g) had the lowest (5.83%), according to the quantitative screening. The anti-inflammatory activity of the C. longa methanolic extract in the treated groups (150, 300, and 600 mg/kg body weight) and the positive control group demonstrated a valuable value (inhibitory values). Paw thickness was also significantly different (reduced) between the 600 mg/kg (0.7 cm at 6 hours) and positive control groups (0.5 cm at 6 hours) deducing the anti-inflammatory effects of turmeric when compared to the negative control groups. The lowest inhibition was noted in the 150 mg/kg bw group when compared to 1-6 hours of treatment. These findings demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effects of turmeric and its adjuvant capabilities.
Association between sleep quality and habits of electronic media use among young adults with different circadian typology
Authors: Anil Kumar Gangwar  , Anita Rawat  , Suryakanta Seth  , Ajay Verma  , Suryakant
Published: May 2024

Background: Circadian preference refers to individual differences for mental and physical activity in the morning and evening. We hypothesized, that inadvertent use of electronic media can cause circadian misalignment that influences sleeping habits and sleep quality of young adults.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of circadian preferences on sleeping habits and the association of electronic media use with sleep quality and sleep disturbances.
Materials and Methods: A total of 188 subjects were enrolled and divided into three groups: Evening, intermediate, and morning chronotype based on the Morningness-Eveningness score. Electronic media use at bedtime and duration of use were assessed subjectively. Sleep quality and subjective sleep disturbances, daytime sleepiness, and chronotype were assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Score, and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire Self-assessment version, respectively.
Results: The majority of subjects with the evening chronotypes suffered from poor sleep quality compared to other chronotypes and the difference was statistically significant. In evening-type subjects, electronic media use at bedtime, long sleep latency, short sleep duration, and daytime sleepiness were significantly associated with poor sleep quality with odds ratios of 2.34 (1.08–5.08), 11.42 (4.98–26.19), 8.54 (1.01–68.24), and 1.68 (1.03–2.73), respectively.
Conclusion: The majority of evening-type subjects had poor sleep quality, altered sleeping habits, and electronic media use at bedtime is significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Hence, history regarding sleep habits and lifestyle, especially electronic media use, should be taken from young adults, who are coming to the outpatient department for other than sleep disorders, to prevent the development of health-related problems.
Prevalence of different gallbladder pathologies and usefulness of mucin histochemistry in early diagnosis of metaplasia and carcinoma of gallbladder
Authors: Joydip Sen  , Suchismita Chakrabarti  , Urvee Sarkar  , Saugata Kumar Bhattacharya  , Ruplekha Mitra Mustaphi
Published: May 2024

Background: Non-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases of gallbladder are most prevalent in northern and north-eastern states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal, and Assam in India. Chronic cholecystitis, the most common pathology of gallbladder is often associated with metaplasia of epithelium, leading to increased susceptibility to malignant transformation. Along with histopathological examination, mucin histochemistry is useful in early detection of metaplasia and thereby predicting metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence.
Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of gallbladder and to determine the usefulness of mucin histochemistry in early diagnosis of metaplasia and carcinoma of gallbladder.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in R. G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata, over a period of 18 months. Total 401 cholecystectomy specimens were studied. In every case, following sequence of examinations was performed-gross examinations, histopathological examination, and mucin histochemistry.
Results: All the available information was meticulously documented in tables and charts, software was used to calculate the statistical significance and efficacy of mucin histochemistry as a diagnostic tool.
Conclusion: We found that mucin histochemistry is statistically significant and has positive predictive value in early diagnosis of metaplasia and carcinoma of gallbladder.
Systematic review on techniques for the creation of pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic surgeries
Authors: Asna Zehra Naqvi  , Vignesh Balasubaramaniam  , Wasif Raza  , Lajpat Rai  , Graham S Whiteley
Published: May 2024

Recently, laparoscopic surgeries (LPSs) are becoming increasingly prevalent. Incorporating these methods into clinical practice necessitates an in-depth understanding of the surgical techniques and multifaceted instrumentation that are specific to a slightly invasive operation. Within this systematic review, attention is directed to the technique for pneumoperitoneum creation, like the open and closed technique, to select optimal procedures along with appropriate utilization, with prominence on complication avoidance. This systematic literature review (SLR) examined significant findings from 2018 to 2023. This SLR complies with the quality standards suggested by the PRISMA document. Web of Science, SCOPUS, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink are the resources. The exclusion criteria included case reports, abstracts, and letters, as well as inclusion criteria included randomized, quasi-randomized, non-randomized, and cohort investigations on human patients, provided that they liked access safety methods and presented values. According to the findings, it can be concluded that the LP inspection of the abdominal cavity (AC), which necessitates cannula implantation, is safe and effective. Closed (Veress needle technique) and open (Hasson technique) pneumoperitoneum induction techniques are frequently utilized. Most laparoscopy (LP) surgeons prefer closed LP utilizing a Veress needle and the first trocar’s masked insertion. Critics of the Veress needle, however, assert that this technique increases the risk of vascular injury. According to proponents of the open Hasson technique, vascular injury could be entirely avoided. The use of an open approach utilizing a blunt-tipped trocar for the formation of pneumoperitoneum may provide a potentially safer alternative during LPSs, depending on safety considerations.
A comparative study on cutaneous temperature difference between body and foot among patients of diabetic neuropathy and normal individuals
Authors: Sudhir Kumar  , Albail Singh Yadav  , Nikhil Mishra
Published: May 2024

Background: As diabetic neuropathy progresses, the pain subsides and eventually disappears, but a sensory deficit persists and a motor deficit may develop. Loss of protective sensation and distal sensory polyneuropathy are major risk factors for foot ulceration and falls due to small and large nerve fiber dysfunction, which predispose to lower extremity amputation.
Aims and Objectives: We did a comparative study on the cutaneous temperature difference between the body and foot among patients of diabetic neuropathy and patients of diabetes without neuropathy to establish the role of pedal temperature monitoring in preventing complications of diabetic neuropathy.
Materials and Methods: The study was done at Maharani Laxmi Bal Medical College, Jhansi, between April 2021 and November 2022, including two groups of patients (Group A: 100 patients with diabetes without neuropathy and Group B: 100 patients with diabetes as well as with neuropathy).
Results: In our study, in group A (diabetic patients without neuropathy), 9% were in 18–30 years, 14% in 31–40 years, 19% in 41–50, 29% in 51–60, and 29% in >60 years. In group B (diabetic patients with neuropathy), 2% were in 31–40 years, 16% in 41–50, 35% in 51–60, and in 46% in >60 years. In our study, the mean foot temperature in group A (diabetic without neuropathy) was 97.35±0.625 and in group B (diabetic patients with neuropathy) was 99.19±1.375. There was a significant difference between the groups on the basis of mean changes in foot temperature (P≥0.01).
Conclusion: Based on the above study, we came to the conclusion that foot temperature is significantly higher in diabetic patients with neuropathy. An infrared thermometer can be used as a home-based tool as well as in an outpatient department setting to avoid the dreaded complications of diabetic neuropathy or at least to delay the progression of the same.
Psychological impact on the quality-of-life in patients of psoriasis vulgaris: A systemic review
Authors: Aniruddha Ghosh  , Ambarish Ghosh  , Maidul Islam SK  , Raghav Oza
Published: May 2024

Living with a chronic condition like psoriasis can significantly affect the individual involved. Psoriasis patients have difficulties with their physical, psychological, occupational, and social functioning. These impairments can result in psychiatric morbidity depression and anxiety disorders. This systematic review (SR) assessed the impact of psychological factors in life of psoriasis patients. The literature search comprised Medline through PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Wiley Online Library, and additional sources such as Google Scholar, spanning the period from 2014 to 2023. Thorough examination of the most important electronic databases was conducted. Various study designs, including observational studies, trials, and commentaries, were incorporated to ensure a comprehensive examination of the research topic. The risk of bias was evaluated using established methodology. This SR comprised 13 studies, with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool employed to assess biases in randomized trials across five domains. The majority of the studies demonstrated a low risk (57.69%), indicating their reliability while those categorized as unclear (37.17%) exhibited some ambiguity without compromising the validity of results. Studies categorized as high risk (5.12%) suggested significant bias and potential errors. The findings indicate an association between psoriasis and various psychological factors, including depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, impaired emotional functioning, negative body image, and self-perception. The significant impact of depression and anxiety on individuals with psoriasis underscores the need for greater awareness of its psychological aspects. Incorporating psychological interventions into care and management strategies is crucial for addressing this chronic condition and enhancing overall well-being, thus improving quality of life.
Association of atherogenic cardiac index and markers of oxidative stress in non-diabetic dyslipidemia stroke patients in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Anannya Ghosh  , Apratim Chatterjee  , Sanchayan Sinha
Published: May 2024

Background: Stroke is a clinical syndrome consisting of rapidly developing clinical signs of focal or global disturbance of cerebral function. Antioxidants are exogenous or endogenous compounds acting by scavenging reactive oxygen species or their precursors, inhibiting reactive oxygen species formation and binding metal ions needed for the catalysis of its generation. Atherogenic index, a predictor of atherosclerosis, increases in dyslipidemia also shows a positive association with oxidative stress.
Aims and Objectives: Our objective was to compare the lipid profile, the markers of lipid peroxidation (malonaldehyde and paraoxonase [PON]), and atherogenic index in non-diabetic stroke patients with healthy controls and to evaluate the correlation between the lipid parameters with markers of lipid peroxidation and atherogenic index in those patients.
Materials and Methods: One hundred diagnosed stroke patients from the Neurology department were compared with 100 age-matched healthy controls. Estimation of lipid profile parameters was done by AutoAnalyzer using standardized kits. Estimation of serum malonaldehyde was done based on the principle of utilization of Thiobarbituric acid. Serum PON1 activity was estimated using paranitrophenyl acetate substrate.
Results: Among the lipid profile parameters, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly lower (P<0.001) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was significantly higher among stroke patients. Serum malonaldehyde level was significantly increased and PON1 activity was significantly decreased in stroke patients in comparison to healthy individuals. A significant positive correlation between HDL and PON1 and a negative correlation between LDL and PON1 were found. Atherogenic index is negatively correlated with PON1.
Conclusion: Low level of PON1 activity and an increased level of malonaldehyde were found in stroke patients indicating an imbalance between free radical generation and its scavenging action and also associated with more chance of atherosclerosis.
Sedative and hemodynamic response of dexmedetomidine in critically ill South Indian population
Authors: Muthalu Arunkumar , Asokan Arthi , Ananthy Vimala
Published: May 2024

Background: Dexmedetomidine is a selective alpha-2-adrenoceptor agonist. It exerts both sedative and analgesic effects through mechanisms different from those of other sedatives. The safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine are altered by various factors.
Aims and Objectives: This study aims at identifying the various factors that will affect the sedative and hemodynamic responses of dexmedetomidine in seriously ill patients.
Materials and Methods: A continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine (0.2–0.7 μg/kg/h) was administered to intensive care unit patients who needed sedation. We investigated the safety and effectiveness of administering dexmedetomidine between responders and non-responders over a short (≤24 h) and lengthy (>24 h) period.
Results: A total of 84 patients were analyzed who received dexmedetomidine. The longest possible duration of dexmedetomidine administration was 24.7 days and 7.8 days, respectively. Compared to the first 24 h, the number of patients who needed more sedatives or analgesics was not increasing beyond that time. In the first 24 h and after the first 24 h, 35 out of 84 patients (41.2%) and 22 out of 84 patients (26.3%), respectively, needed more sedatives; in the first 24 h and after the first 24 h, 22 out of 84 patients (26.0%) and 18 out of 84 patients (21.4%) needed more analgesics.
Conclusion: The safety and effectiveness of dexmedetomidine were similar across the demographic factors in this study. The interindividual variability due to pharmacokinetic parameters can be further studied along with pharmacogenomic factors that may cause the difference in the responses to dexmedetomidine use.
Madheshi Women and Feminist Movement in Nepal
Authors: Yadav Ranju
Published: May 2024

Background: The formal feminist movement in Madhesh emerged in reaction to the discriminatory, oppressive, and autocratic actions perpetrated by the state, entwined with concurrent political movements, effectively spotlighting and confronting prevalent social issues. Feminist movements in Nepal have played a significant role in bringing about major changes in various aspects of society, advocating for gender equality, women's rights, and social justice.
Methods: This research adopted a qualitative method with an intersectionality theoretical framework to explore the firsthand experiences of Madheshi women who have actively engaged in feminist movements. The research collected data from face-to-face in-depth interviews with 28 women political leaders, 8 women journalists, 15 women rights activists, and 3 family members of women rights activists and political leaders with purposive sampling. Similarly, this study also gathered the perceptions of 14 Madheshi men from various sectors.
Results: This paper explores Madheshi women’s contribution to feminist and other movements in Nepal. It examines the challenges that they faced during the movements. The study underscores the heterogeneous nature of Madheshi women's involvement, illustrating varied roles across historical contexts. The findings of the study revealed that Madheshi women are challenging patriarchies through various means.
Conclusion: There is a significant gap in the documentation of the Madheshi women's and feminist movements in Nepal. Despite their active participation in feminist movements, their voices and concerns persistently remain on the periphery.  
Novelty: The research documents the contribution, challenges, and strategies of Madheshi women adopted by Madheshi women. It also addresses the gap in the existing literature regarding the Madheshi women.
Healing through Ruqyah and Academic Achievement of Children in Muslim Community
Authors: Banu Shastha , Adhikari Anup , Aryal Bhagwan
Published: May 2024

Background: Ruqyah, an Islamic alternative healing practice, involves treating illnesses using Quranic verses and invocations, focusing on the names and attributes of Allah. The literature on the academic performance of Muslim children in Nepal and the use of Ruqyah is limited and requires further exploration. This study aimed to identify the use and practice of Ruqyah in healing children within the Muslim community and assess their academic achievement.
Methods: This study explored the issue among the seven participants of four families from Muslim community who undergo Ruqyah often via a descriptive phenomenological method that included in-depth interviews. Three themes emerged from the interview data which offered insight into the Muslim community.
Results: Parents found the use of Ruqyah and children's academic achievements reasonable. Muslims respect the Holy Quran as the word of God, using it as guidance for Ruqyah and their children, as they believed it was the right choice. The study found that the family preferences dictated whether to take it immediately or only when needed. Children who followed Ruqyah and supplemented it with modern medications improved health patterns and their academic success.
Conclusion: Children who undergo Ruqyah are influenced by their parents' religious knowledge, educational level, and socio-economic background, and are academically prepared. Medications are used, with parents believing that aligning with Ruqyah improves their children's academic performance.
Novelty: The study could lead to new therapeutic research directions for the Muslim communities in Nepal, assisting children in coping with illnesses and improving their academic outcomes.
Productive Employee Training and Its Impact on Retention
Authors: Khadka Ajaya Kumar , Khadka Srijana
Published: May 2024

Background: The present research examines the financial aspects of efficacious employee training and its influence on employee retention in corporate environments. The study aims to assess how management assistance for employee retention, training and development, and future growth are related to performance reviews.
Methods: Using a frequency distribution, the study looks at the demographic and social status of 297 participants who make up its sample. The reliability analysis demonstrates good consistency in the measurement scales.
Results: Correlation analysis finds significantly positive correlations between the variables. A multiple regression analysis reveals a well-fitting model (R Square = 0.841), confirming the significant contribution of future growth, training, development, and management support to employees and performance reviews to explain variance in employee retention.
Conclusion: The coefficient analysis emphasizes the significance of strategic approaches to improving employee retention and highlights the individual contributions of these factors.
Novelty: This research adds to our understanding of the changing direction of employee retention. It offers valuable advice to firms looking to maximize managerial support and training strategies to cultivate a loyal and contented workforce.
EVALUATION OF THE LEVEL OF SERVICE PROVIDED AT SOME BUS ROUTES IN BAGHDAD CITY
Authors: Nasser Sara Raoof , Qasim Ghofran J.
Published: May 2024

The public transportation system is critical in meeting the demands of the rapidly growing population and increased mobility. Thus, providing and improving public services has become an urgent need in recent years. This study aims to evaluate the level of Baghdad's public transport system using a variety of criteria, including public transport availability, and comfort level. Service level is a method used to develop transport infrastructure labels based on a specific analysis. The importance of evaluating road operational performance services to improve bus service delivery is based on the concept of service level. The relatively high performance of bus service delivery can affect the level of satisfaction of its users. The availability of public transportation is analyzed in terms of frequency, service coverage, and hours. This study assesses the level of service for five specific major bus routes in Baghdad (4, 12, 45, 61, and 113). Survey processes were used to collect data. The results indicate that all lines according to service hours were at the level of service "E". While the service frequency is within the service levels "A", "B", and "C", and transit-auto travel time is within the service levels Class "B", and "C". This study contributes to being a useful guide for developing a comprehensive plan for the level of service and improving the quality of bus service.