bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and clinical impact of electrocardiographic abnormalities in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Park Sejun , Yum Yunjin , Koh Sungmin , Cha Jung-Joon , Joo Hyung Joon , Park Jae Hyoung , Hong Soon Jun , Yu Cheol Woong , Ahn Tae Hoon , Lim Do-Sun
Published: April 2022

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the basic test for screening cardiovascular disease. However, the impact of ECG abnormalities on cardiovascular prognosis in patients with CKD is largely unknown.MethodsA total of 1,295 patients with CKD (stage 3, 4, and 5) who underwent ECG between 2013 and 2015 were selected from the tertiary hospital in Korea. ECG abnormalities were defined using the Minnesota classification. Five-year major adverse cerebrocardiovascular event (MACCE), a composite of death, myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, was analyzed after excluding 251 patients (n=1,044) with prior MI or stroke.ResultsThe higher the CKD stage, the higher the proportion of patients with a major ECG abnormality. Five-year MACCE incidences were 34%, 23.9%, and 21.7% in patients with major, minor and no ECG abnormalities. MACCE and MI incidences were significantly higher in patients with severe ECG abnormalities (log-rank p < 0.001). Major ECG abnormalities were significantly associated with MACCE (adjusted HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.11-1.97). In particular, atrial fibrillation, atrial premature complex, and QT interval prolongation were identified as important ECG diagnoses. The accuracy of cardiovascular risk stratification was improved when ECG diagnosis was added to the conventional SCORE model (net reclassification index 0.09).ConclusionsMajor ECG abnormality was a significant predictor of cardiovascular events in CKD patients. ECG diagnosis can be useful in evaluating the risk of cardiovascular disease in CKD patients when applied in addition to the conventional risk stratification model.
Cloud Enterprise Dynamic Risk Assessment (CEDRA): a dynamic risk assessment using dynamic Bayesian networks for cloud environment
Authors: Behbehani Dawood , Komninos Nikos , Al-Begain Khalid , Rajarajan Muttukrishnan
Published: April 2022

Cloud computing adoption has been increasing rapidly amid COVID-19 as organisations accelerate the implementation of their digital strategies. Most models adopt traditional dynamic risk assessment, which does not adequately quantify or monetise risks to enable business-appropriate decision-making. To address this issue, we propose a Cloud Enterprise Dynamic Risk Assessment (CEDRA) model that uses CVSS, threat intelligence feeds and information about exploitation availability in the wild using dynamic Bayesian networks to predict vulnerability exploitations and financial losses. We evaluate the proposed model in a real case scenario that demonstrates the applicability of this model.
Post-Tuberculosis Tracheobronchial Stenosis: Long-Term Follow-Up after Self-Expandable Metallic Stents Placement and development of a prediction score: the Restenosis Score
Authors: Bai Chong , Li Fuqi , Tian Sen , Huang Haidong , Zhang Wei , Huang Yi , Wu Ning , Wang Qin , Wang Xiangqi , Dong Yuchao
Published: April 2022

Background: The insertion of self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) for post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis (PTTS) was controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SEMS for treating PTTS, and developed a scoring system for predicting the occurrence of restenosis after stenting in PTTS patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 87 patients who were diagnosed with PTTS and experienced SEMS insertion between January 2000 and December 2017. All procedures were performed via soft bronchoscopy under conscious sedation and local anesthesia.Results: A total of 85 SEMS were successfully placed in 77 patients. Comparing with pre-stenting, there were significant improvements in the lumen diameters of the stenotic segment, mMRC scale and lung function after short-term SEMS placement. During the long-term (average 163.32 months) follow-up, 48 patients (62.3%) didn’t develop restenosis after stenting; the other 29 patients (37.7%) developed and eventually, 12 remained under interventional therapies and 11 had bronchial atresia. Multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that the difference value between SEMS length and the stenosis-segment length, stenosis type, and the number of pre-stenting thermal ablation were independently related to restenosis occurrence and were subsequently used to establish the Restenosis Score. The model’s development group (0.83, 95%CI: 0.74–0.92) and external validation set (0.94, 95%CI: 0.77–1.00) showed excellent discrimination.Conclusion: SEMS placement could serve as a safe and effective treatment option for most patients with PTTS. Further, we built a prediction model depending on the independent predictors of restenosis occurrence, the Restenosis Score. This validated tool might provide a decision support and a better management for PTTS patients who underwent SEMS implantation.
Long-term outcomes of self-expandable metallic stents as a bridge to surgery for obstructive and symptomatic primary tumors of stage IV colorectal cancer: A propensity- score analysis
Authors: Sekioka Akinori , Ota Shuichi , Ito Tetsuo , Mizukami Yo , Tsuboi Kunihiko , Okamura Masahiko , Lee Yoo , Ishida Satoshi , Shono Yoko , Tanaka Rie , Shim Yugang , Adachi Yukito
Published: April 2022

[Purpose]Self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) was introduced for the treatment of obstructive colorectal cancer (CRC) a few decades ago. However, its long-term outcomes remain controversial, especially for stage IV CRC. The aim of this study was to clarify the outcomes of SEMS as a “bridge to surgery” (BTS) for obstructive and symptomatic primary tumors in stage IV CRC by one-to-one propensity-score matching. [Methods] This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single center from January 2007 to December 2017. Patients with obstructive and symptomatic primary tumors of stage IV CRC underwent primary resection (PR) or placement of a SEMS as a BTS. They were divided into SEMS and PR groups, and their short- and long-term outcomes were compared.[Results]In total, 52 patients were reviewed (SEMS group, 21; PR group, 31). Thirteen patients in both groups were matched using propensity scores. Patients in the SEMS group more frequently underwent laparoscopic surgery than those in the PR group (77% vs. 8%, p = 0.001) and fewer of them underwent stoma creation (8% vs. 38%, p = 0.16). The two groups showed no significant differences in perioperative and pathological outcomes. The 3-year overall survival was not significantly different between groups (41% vs. 31%, p = 0.19).[Conclusion]As a BTS, the use of SEMS for obstructive and symptomatic primary tumors in CRC stage IV can be a comparable option to PR in terms of short- and long-term outcomes, and would be less invasive with respect to surgical procedures or stoma creation rate.
Complementarity of Surgical Therapy, Photobiomodulation, A-PRF and L- PRF for Management of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ); an Animal Study
Authors: Jamalpour Mohammad Reza , Shahabi Shiva , Baghestani Mehdi , Shokri Abbas , Jamshidi Shokoofeh , Khazaei Salman
Published: April 2022

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the complementarity of surgical therapy, photobiomodulation (PBM), advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF), and Leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) for the management of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ).Methods: Sixty rats underwent injection of zoledronate followed by left mandibular molar extraction to induce MRONJ lesions. All rats were examined for the signs of MRONJ eight weeks post-dental extraction. Forty-nine rats with positive signs of MRONJ were appointed to seven different groups as follows: C (control), S (surgery), P (surgery + PBM), A (surgery + A-PRF), L (surgery + L-PRF), A+P (surgery + A-PRF + PBM), L+P (surgery + L-PRF + PBM). Euthanasia was carried out 30 days after the last treatment session. The lesions' healing was evaluated clinically, histologically, and radiographically. Data were analyzed using STATA software version 14, and the statistical significance level was set at 5% for all cases. Results: According to the present study, A-PRF and L-PRF treatment resulted in significant improvements in clinical, histological, and radiographical parameters compared to the C group (P ˂ 0.05). The PBM also decreased wound dimensions and the number of empty lacunae compared to the C group (P ˂ 0.05). A+P and L+P were the only groups that presented a significantly higher mean number of osteocytes (P ˂ 0.05). No significant differences were observed between A-PRF and L-PRF treatment groups (P ˃ 0.05).Conclusions: Surgical resection followed by applying A-PRF or L-PRF reinforced by PBM showed optimal wound healing and bone regeneration in MRONJ lesions.
Genetic analysis and mapping of a short internode gene (cladw) in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.)
Authors: Liu Jiajun , Gao Peng , Liu Hongyu , Wang Xuezheng , Ma Shuangwu , Wang Jiming , Luan Feishi
Published: April 2022

Internode length is an important plant type characteristic of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.). A dwarf phenotype can increase plant density and land utilization. In this study, W1-1 (standard vine) and ZXG01061 (dwarf) were used as the parental lines to create F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2 progenies for dwarf trait inheritance analysis and candidate gene identification. Genetic analysis indicated that the watermelon dwarf trait was regulated by a single recessive gene (cladw) with phenotypic data collected over two years. The bulked segregant analysis (BSA-seq) revealed a 1.24 Mb genomic region harbouring the candidate dwarfing gene on chromosome 9. Through initial and fine mapping with 1,097 F2 plants, the cladw locus was finally delimited into a 203 kb region containing 10 candidate genes (including five genes annotated as GID1L2 gibberellin GA receptors). Hormone analysis showed that the GA content of the ZXG01061 internode was higher than that of W1-1. When ZXG01061 plants were treated with exogenous GA, the original plant height could not be recovered, indicating that ZXG01061 is GA insensitive. Cla010254 and Cla010256 (annotated as gibberellin receptor GID1L2) in ZXG01061 had base deletions compared with W1-1. The expression pattern of Cla010254 in W1-1 was significantly higher than that in ZXG01061. In conclusion, our results indicate that Cla010254 is a candidate gene for watermelon dwarfing.
Uterine Artery Embolisation- From a Cardiologist’s Perspective
Authors: DESABANDHU VINAYAKUMAR , NARAYANAN SANTHOSH , SREEDHA MOHANAN KURUKKANPARAMBIL , KALATHINGATHODIKA SAJEER
Published: April 2022

Background:Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a minimally invasive novel treatment for uterine bleeding. Research has shown that UAE is safe and has fewer effects on future pregnancy. Case presentation:Here in we describe three exceptional circumstances in which UAE served as a life saving measure to control intractable uterine bleeding. Two patients were on anticoagulation for valvular heart disease and one patient had chronic atonic postpartum haemorrhage. Hysterectomy could be avoided in all the three patients and are doing well on follow up. Conclusions:Uterine artery embolisation is a safe procedure in emergency situations where surgery cannot be performed on an emergency basis .The feasibility of this procedure in patients with mechanical heart valves with coagulopathy has rarely been described.This procedure is commonly performed by interventional radiologists and cardiologists have limited experience.
Role of TELO2-interacting protein 1(TTI1) functions as an oncogene by regulating mTOR activity in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Ling-Xian , Yang Xin , Wu Zhi-Bo , Liao Zhong-Min , Wang Ding-Guo , Chen Shi-Wei , Lu Feng , Wu Yong-Bing , Zhu Shu-Qiang
Published: April 2022

Background: The role of TTI1 in the progression of several types of cancer has been reported recently. The aim of this study was to estimate the expression and the potential value of TTI1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.Methods: The expression of TTI1 and its prognostic value in NSCLC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed. To verify the bioinformatics findings, a tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing 160 NSCLC and paired peritumoral tissues from NSCLC patients was analysed by immunohistochemistry for TTI1. Subsequently, the roles of TTI1 in NSCLC cells were investigated in vivo by establishing xenograft models in nude mice, and in vitro by transwell, CCK-8 assay, wound healing and colony formation assays. In addition, qRT-PCR and western blot were applied to explore the underlying mechanism by which TTI1 promotes tumor progression. Finally, the relation between TTI1 and KI67 expression level of NSCLC was probed, and Kaplan-Meier and Cox's analyses were performed to assess the prognostic merit of TTI1 and KI67 in NSCLC patients. Results: The expression of TTI1 was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues compared to paired peritumoral tissues, which was coincide with the bioinformatics findings from TCGA and GEO database. TTI1 was highly expressed in NSCLC patients with large tumor, advanced tumor stage, and lymphatic metastasis. In addition, the prognostic analysis identified the TTI1 as an independent indication for poor prognosis of NSCLC patients. In vitro, Up-regulation of TTI1 in NSCLC cells could facilitate cell invasion, metastasis, viability and proliferation. Mechanistically, our study verified that TTI1 could regulate mTOR activity which has a pivotal role in human cancer. Consistently, the TTI1 and KI67 expression had a positive relationship in NSCLC cells and tissues. Notably, compared with patients with low expression of TTI1 or KI67, patients with overexpression of TTI1 or KI67 had a shorter overall survival rate (OS) and a higher disease-free survival rate (DFS), and the combination of TTI1 and KI67 was an independent parameter predicting the prognosis and recurrence of NSCLC patients. Conclusions: TTI1 promotes NSCLC cell proliferation, metastasis and invasion by regulating mTOR activity and the combination of TTI1 and KI67 is a valuable molecular biomarker for the survival and recurrence of NSCLC patients.
Real-world Experience with 240 mg of Galcanezumab for the Preventive Treatment of Cluster Headache
Authors: Cho Soo-Jin , Mo Heejung , Kim Byung-Kun , Moon Heui-Soo
Published: April 2022

Background: Galcanezumab of 300 mg monthly is the FDA approved preventive medication for cluster headache (CH) during the cluster period. Compared to the 120 mg galcanezumab syringe for the treatment of migraines, the 100 mg syringe for CH has globally not been as widely available. The aim of our study was to investigate the preventive efficacy and tolerability of two 120 mg galcanezumab doses for episodic CH in clinical practices.Methods: We evaluated patients with CH who received at least 1 dose of 240 mg (2 prefilled syringe of 120 mg) of galcanezumab in the 3 university hospitals from February 2020 to September 2021. In the patients with episodic CH, the efficacy and safety data of galcanezumab were analyzed regarding to the presence of the conventional preventive therapy at the timing of therapy of galcanezumab. The data of other subtypes of CH were separately described.Results: In 47 patients with episodic CH, galcanezumab was started median 18 days after the onset of current bout (range 1-62 days) and 4 patients (10.8%) received second dose of galcanezumab. The median time to the first occurrence of 100% reduction from baseline in CH attacks per week after galcanezumab therapy was 17 days (25% to 75% quartile range: 5.0~ 29.5) in all patients with episodic CH, 15.5 days (3.8~ 22.1) in 36 patients with galcanezumab therapy adding on conventional preventive therapy, 21.0 days (12.0~ 31.5) in 11 patients started galcanezumab as initial preventive therapy. Among 33 patients with headache diary, the proportion of patients with 50% reduction at week 3 from baseline 78.8% about the numbers of CH attacks per week and 79.3% about the days with acute medications per week. Patient global impression of improvement was reported as feeling “very much better” or “much better” in 80.9% of patients with episodic CH and all 3 patients with chronic CH or the first episode of cluster bout.Conclusion: One 240 mg dose of Galcanezumab with/without conventional therapy for the prevention of CH is considered effective and safe in clinical practices, as seen in the clinical trial of galcanezumab.
Growth, mortality and stock status of five fin fish species from a tropical estuary Snigdhodeb Dutta Department of Industrial Fisheries, CUSAT, Kerala –682022
Authors: Dutta Snigdhodeb
Published: April 2022

Data from Cochin Estuary for five fin fish species were collected from January to December 2019. This study provides the first results on fishery dynamics of the species in this estuary and is aimed at estimating important population dynamic parameters and assessing the stock of this economically important fish species by the help of length frequency data collected. FiSAT II software was used for different analyses. The asymptotic length (L∞) and growth constant (K) of C.chanos were 421.05 mm and 0.71 year− 1, whereas for D.insidiator the asymptotic length (L∞) and growth constant (K) were 110.25 mm and 0.81 year− 1. The age at zero length (t0) was calculated for all examined species, ranged from − 0.07 to -0.19. The longevity (tmax) and growth performance index (ϕ) of P.planiceps were reported as 7.31 years and 4.81 whereas for M.cephalus were 2.14 and 4.6 respectively. The estimated total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) of C.praesteus were 4.04, 1.37 and 2.67 year − 1, respectively, contrarily, for P.planiceps those values were 0.89, 0.49 and 0.4. The relative yield per recruit (Y/R) analysis revealed that the current exploration level is higher than the optimum exploitation rate, indicating an overexploitation of all examined fin fish species. Accordingly, needed management measures should include restrictions on fishing gear mesh sizes, reduced fishing effort and declaration of closed seasons and sanctuaries to protect these species from extinction.
Formulation and Repurposing of Mefloquine loaded Nanoemulsion against A549 -Lung carcinoma cells with the comparison on HaCaT cells
Authors: MOHAPATRA PRIYADARSHINI , Mukherjee Amitava , Chandrasekaran Natarajan
Published: April 2022

Combining multiple anticancer agents in a nanocarrier can result in a formula with a low dose and few undesirable side effects.The purpose of the study was to formulate Garlic oil-loaded Mefloquine and Tamoxifen (TQ) in an oil-based nanoemulsion and evaluate its potential for inhibiting growth of lung cancer cells and normal skin cells.The antimalarial drug Mefloquine was repurposed using garlic oil nanoemulsion, which demonstrated better anti-cancer effects against A549 cell lines than Tamoxifen loaded nanoemulsion. The Mefloquine-loaded garlic nanoemulsion significantly reduced cell viability and promoted apoptosis in A549 cells in cytotoxic experiments. Physicochemical characterization, drug release tests, and cytotoxic studies were used to compare the drug-loaded nano emulsions. Mefloquine indicated less variance in hydrodynamic size, with a value of 1.01 ±0.13nm, than Tamoxifen-loaded nanoemulsion. Mefloquine loaded nanoemulsion showed better-sustained release, lower coarsening and constant colour stability. n simulated intestinal fluid, the drug release study of Mefloquine loaded nanoemulsion is 53.5% at 12 hours and Tamoxifen loaded nanoemulsion is 26.3 % at 8 hours (SIF). The percentage of cell viability of Mefloquine loaded Garlic oil nanoemulsion and Tamoxifen loaded Garlic oil nanoemulsion against lung cancer cells was 75.65 % and 64.35 %, respectively (A549). In normal cells, the cell viability of Mefloquine loaded Garlic oil nanoemulsion was lower than that of Tamoxifen loaded Garlic oil nanoemulsion. The findings imply that the Mefloquine-loaded Garlic oil nanoemulsion could be used as a nanotherapeutic carrier to target cancer cell without hampering the normal cells.
Comparison between Three Cannulated Screws and Targon Locking Plate for Displaced Intracapsular Hip Fracture: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hou Xiuxiu , Shi Guojun , Zhang Yadi , Xing Baorui , Xu Dingli
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes between three cannulated screws (TCS) and two cannulated screws combined one fully threaded cannulated screw with TARGON locking plate (TCS-TLP) for the displaced intracapsular hip fracture.Methods: 75 patients underwent displaced intracapsular hip fracture were treated with operation from January 2013 to January 2019. 35 patients underwent TCS-TLP and others 40 patients treated with TCS. Injuries were assessed based on AO classification, and the outcomes measurements including modified Harris hip score (MHHS), visual analogue score (VAS) and the radiological data.Results: There were significantly better MHHS improvement in the TCS-TLP group than TCS group at the 12 months (85.6 VS 75.6, P<0.05) and 24 months (89.4 VS 81.1, P<0.05). And a total of 5 patients had complications in TCS-TLP group whilst 14 cases in the TCS group (P<0.05), similarly, the femoral neck shorten rate was significantly less in the TCS-TLP group at each follow-up visit (P<0.05).Conclusion: Patients treated with two cannulated screws combined one fully threaded cannulated screw with Targon locking plate can have better function improvement, less orthopedic complications and prevent femoral neck shorting.
Novel KMT2B Gene Mutation in MUC4 Positive Low-grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma
Authors: Zhang Liying , Luo Luqiao , Liu Chao , Li Zhi
Published: April 2022

BackgroundLow-grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma(LGFM)is a rare fibrosarcoma, which mainly occurs in young people and is mostly seen in the trunk and limbs. The tumor is usually FUS-CREB3L2 fusion caused by t(7;16)(q32-34;p11)chromosome translocation, and rarely FUS-CREB3L1and EWSR1-CREB3L1 fusion. MUC4 diffuse strong positive can be used as a specific index of LGFM. LGFM is similar to Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma(SEF)and may have the same origin. Case presentationWe report a case of LGFM in the chest wall. A female which is 59 years old. In 2016, CT showed dense nodule shadow and focal thickening of the left pleura, the patient underwent surgery, Pathological report: low to moderate malignant fibrosarcoma (fibromyxoid type). The CT re-examination in 2021 showed that the tumors on the left chest wall were significantly larger than before. Pathological examination showed the disease is composed of alternating collagen like and mucinous areas. Under high-power microscope, the tumor cells are consistent in shape, spindle or short spindle, and the tumor cells are arranged in bundles. In local areas, the density of tumor cells is significantly increased, mixed with collagen fibers, and small focal sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma(SEF)appear. The result of immunohistochemistry showed that SMA, Desmin, CD34, STAT6, S100, SOX10, HMB45 and Melan A were negative, EMA was weakly positive, MUC4 was diffuse and strongly positive, and Ki67 index was low (3%). ConclusionSequencing results showed that MET, EGFR, KMT2B and RET gene were mutated in LGFM, and KMT2B gene had cancer promoting effect, but there was no literature report in LGFM, which may be of certain significance for the diagnosis and treatment of LGFM.
Ursolic Acid Suppresses Proliferation and Elicits Apoptosis of Laryngeal Carcinoma Cell HEp-2 through Activation of ROS Synthesis and Inhibition of Multiple Signaling Pathways
Authors: Wei Shuya , Zheng Nan
Published: April 2022

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancer-related causes of death worldwide. Thus, there is a constant need for improvement in drug development to promote treatment of this malignancy. In the present study, we identified a natural phytochemical, Ursolic acid, as a potent compound to counter laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma using HEp-2 cell line. Ursolic acid is capable of impeding proliferation and provoking apoptosis of HEp-2 cells. Interestingly, these anti-proliferative and proapoptotic effects is attributed to stimulation of ROS synthesis. In addition, we discovered that this UA-induced ROS stimulation is linked to the activation of MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways. Our study characterized Ursolic acid as a potent anti-carcinoma drug with a multitargeting strategy, which enable it a novel and plausible treatment to laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Structure-Based Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation of EGFR for the clinical treatment of Glioblastoma
Authors: Pande Aditi , Abdalla Mohnad , Madhavi Maddala , Chopra Ishita , Bhrdwaj Anushka , Soni Lovely , Vijayakumar Natchimuthu , Panwar Umesh , Khan Mohd. Aqueel , Prajapati Leena , Gujrati Deepika , Belapurkar Pranoti , Albogami Sarah , Hussain Tajamul , Selvaraj Chandrabose , Nayarisseri Anuraj , Singh Sanjeev Kumar
Published: April 2022

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a WHO Grade IV tumor with poor visibility, a high risk of comorbidity, and limited treatment options. Resurfacing from second-rate glioma was originally classified as either mandatory or optional. Recent interest in personalized medicine has motivated research toward biomarker stratification-based individualized illness therapy. GBM biomarkers have been investigated for their potential utility in prognostic stratification, driving the development of targeted therapy, and customizing therapeutic treatment. Due to the availability of a specific EGFRvIII mutational variation with a clear function in glioma-genesis, recent research suggests that EGFR has the potential to be a prognostic factor in GBM, while others have shown no clinical link between EGFR and survival. The pre-existing pharmaceutical lapatinib (PubChem ID: 208908) with a higher affinity score is used for Structure-based Virtual Screening. As a result, the current study revealed a newly screened chemical (PubChem CID: 59671768) with a higher affinity than the previously known molecule. When the two compounds are compared, the former has the lowest re-rank score. The time-resolved features of a virtually screened chemical and an established compound were investigated using Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Both compounds are equivalent, according to the ADMET study. This report implies that the virtual screened chemical could be a promising Glioblastoma therapy.
Origin of Probability in Quantum Mechanics and the Physical Interpretation of the Wave Function
Authors: Wen Shuming
Published: April 2022

The theoretical results of quantum mechanics (QM) have been verified by experiments, but the probabilistic Copenhagen interpretation is still controversial, and many counterintuitive phenomena are still difficult to understand. To trace the origin of probability in QM, we construct the superimposed amplitudes of a space-time position in a multiparticle quantum objective system and find that the probability in QM originates from the particle number distribution rate in a unit volume near position r at time t in the multiparticle quantum objective system. Based on the origin of probability, We find that the state function of an elementary particle (hereinafter called particle for short) has precise physical meaning; that is, the particle periodically and alternately exhibits the particle state and wave state in time and space, obtain the localized and nonlocalized spatiotemporal range of the particle, the apparent trajectory of the particle motion. Based on this, through rigorous mathematical derivation and analysis, we propose new physical interpretations of the quantum superposition state, wave-particle duality, the double-slit experiment, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, and the quantum tunnelling effect, and these interpretations are physically logical and not counterintuitive.
Potenziale und Herausforderungen für die Unterstützung des Lernprozesses mit Augmented Reality
Authors: Menzel Mareike , Wepner Kim , Schulte Sven
Published: April 2022

Die Berufspädagogik ist als Disziplin gerade im Kontext der Einbindung neuer Technologien in der Arbeitswelt gefordert, Konzepte und Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten zu entwickeln und zu erproben, die das Lernen und die Kompetenzförderlichkeit durch den Einsatz digitaler Medien im Arbeitsprozess zum Gegenstand haben. Das Projekt «Lernen, Informieren und kompetent Agieren mit Augmented Reality im Arbeitsprozess (LAARA)» setzt sich hierzu mit der Frage auseinander, wie aus didaktisch-methodischer Perspektive die Augmented-Reality-Technologie in der Metallindustrie verwendet werden kann, um die Ausbildung und Qualifizierung von Fachkräften zu unterstützen. Im Fokus steht dabei ein spezieller Biegeprozess für Metallrohre, für den in unterschiedlichen Varianten kontextsensitive Hilfen und Informationsangebote direkt im Arbeitsprozess eingesetzt und evaluiert werden. Der Beitrag stellt das Anwendungskonzept der AR-Technologie vor und skizziert das zugrundeliegende Lernverständnis. Um entsprechende Gestaltungskriterien zu analysieren, werden dabei unterschiedliche Szenarien umgesetzt, die sowohl die Technologie, die Ausgangs-Expertise der Teilnehmenden und die vorhandene Medienaffinität als Unterscheidungsmerkmale für das arbeitsprozessorientierte und mediengestützte Lernen in den Blick nehmen.
Effects of a visual literacy programme for the improvement of reading comprehension in primary and secondary school students.
Authors: Níkleva Dimitrinka G. , Rodríguez-Muñoz Francisco J.
Published: April 2022

With basis on previous research findings, a quasi-experimental longitudinal study was designed to analyse the effects of a visual literacy programme using images to improve reading comprehension. Pre-tests and post-tests were used for the recurring measurement of two homogeneous groups. The participants were 221 primary and secondary students in six schools within Andalusia and Madrid (Spain). The results indicated that visual literacy and, specifically, the reading and interpretation of connotative and symbolic images improve reading comprehension, especially at the global or macro-structural level, as well as literal and inferential reading, the comprehension of comparisons (similes) and metaphors, the ability to synthesize, and creativity. A moderate or large effect size was observed for all these variables. The effectiveness of the programme and the need for the planned, intentional use of images as pedagogical and didactic tools were confirmed.
Cardiac arrhythmias in patients with bronchial asthma
Authors: Uryasev O. M. , Shakhanov A. V. , Sudakova I. Yu. , Korshunova L. V. , Sidorova V. P.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. According to modern data, bronchial asthma (BA) is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiac arrhythmias (CA), and the use of long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) in basic therapy may further increase the risks of CA.

Aim. To study the structure and risk factors of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with bronchial asthma. Materials and methods. A retrospective study included 181 patients aged 69.4 ± 0.8 years, hospitalized for asthma, with the presence a CA in medical documentation.

Results. Among BA patients with CA, supraventricular CA were found in 71.3% (129) patients, ventricular CA in 16.6% (30), combined CA in 12.2% (22). In 52.5% (95) patients, supraventricular extrasystole was detected, in 35.9% (65) – atrial fibrillation, in 28.7% (52) – ventricular extrasystole, in 1.1% (2) – paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, in 0.6% (1) – paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia. It was found that supraventricular CA was significantly more frequent among women (χ2 = 5.974, p = 0.05). The severity of BA and the level of control are not related to the type of observed CA (χ2 = 0.755, p = 0.685 and χ2 = 3.003, p = 0.557, respectively).

Discussion. The use of a combination of ICS and LABA in basic BA therapy versus the use of ICS alone does not have a significant effect on the frequency and structure of cardiac arrhythmias (χ2 = 1.172, p = 0.556).

Conclusion. In hospitalized BA patients, supraventricular cardiac arrhythmias are most often detected, among which supraventricular extrasystole and atrial fibrillation take the main place.
Possibilities of information systems for prediction of outcomes of new coronavirus infection COVID-19
Authors: Demko I. V. , Korchagin E. E. , Cherkashin O. A. , Gordeeva N. V. , Anikin D. A. , Anikina D. A.
Published: April 2022

The pandemic of  coronavirus infection COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019), caused by a  new strain of  coronavirus SARSCoV-2  (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), has caused high mortality worldwide. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are nonspecific. Diagnostics includes clinical, laboratory and radiological data. The importance of introducing information systems into medical practice in order to improve the quality of medical care is noted. It is stated that the development of medical artificial intelligence is associated with the development of artificial intelligence programs designed to help the clinic in making a diagnosis, prescribing treatment, as well as predicting the outcome of the disease. Such systems include artificial neural networks, fuzzy expert systems, and hybrid intelligent systems. The article analyzes data from a number of studies on the use of artificial intelligence for diagnosing COVID-19, predicting the risk of mortality and studying risk factors for severe course and lethal outcome in various groups. Using clusters of predictors, models have been developed to predict mortality and understand the relationship of various characteristics and diseases with mortality from COVID-19. The article also summarizes the key factors that worsen the prognosis for COVID-19. Scales for detecting or predicting the development of COVID-19-induced “cytokine storm” are marked as a separate item.
Astenic syndrome in you students with different online-behaviors during the pandemic of new coronavirus infection COVID-19
Authors: Evert L. S. , Grishkevich N. Yu. , Kostyuchenko Yu. R. , Seren-ool S. S. , Bakhshieva S. A.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. An urgent problem in many countries of the world is the growth of comorbid diseases and conditions associated with the pathological use of the Internet, including functional somatic disorders, which include asthenic syndrome.

Purpose of the study. To study the frequency of occurrence of asthenic syndrome schoolchildren with different online behavior during the coronavirus pandemic.

Materials and methods. The method of random sampling was used to examine 1 148 adolescents at the age of 11–18 years, of which 535 (46.6%) were boys and 613 (53.4%) were girls. The frequency of occurrence was analyzed in the entire sample of the surveyed, as well as in the comparison groups, formed by gender: 1 gr. – boys (n = 535), 2 gr. – girls (n = 613), age: 1 gr. – 11–14 years old (m + d) (n = 837) and 2 gr. – 15–18 years old (m + d) (n = 311), type of online behavior: 1 gr. – with adaptive use of the Internet, 2 gr. – with maladaptive internet use, 3 gr. – with pathological use of the Internet and type of Internet addiction.

Results. The frequency of adaptive use of the Internet was 37.0%, with maladaptive – 49.9% and with pathological – 13.1% of the total sample of  the surveyed. The content structure of  the online behavior of  Tuvan schoolchildren includes the  presence of a game Internet addiction in 4.4% of the surveyed, dependence on social networks – in 12.5%, mixed IА – in 2.4% and undifferentiated IА – in 5.0%. The frequency of asthenic syndrome is 12.2% of all surveyed.

Conclusion. A more pronounced association of asthenic syndrome in schoolchildren with maladaptive online behavior indicates the negative impact of the computer and the Internet on the body and justifies the need for a personalized approach to these contingents.
Bedaquiline in the treatment of extensively drugresistant tuberculosis
Authors: Morozova T. I. , Doktorova N. P. , Otpushchennikova O. N. , Nikolenko N. Yu.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Extensive drug resistance (XDR) M. Tuberculosis (MBT) is considered the main factor that reduces the effectiveness of the treatment of TB patients around the world, including Russia. A significant role in improving the effectiveness of chemotherapy (CT) in people with resistant TB belongs to the introduction of new anti-TB drugs, the first of which was bedaquiline (LP-002281).

Objective. To assess the profile of an XDR-TB patient receiving bedaquiline and the efficacy of chemotherapy regimens including bedaquiline in patients with XDR pulmonary tuberculosis.

Materials and methods. The study is retrospective, non-comparative, descriptive. The data of 88 patients who received bedaquiline in the XDR-TB treatment regimen in anti-tuberculosis institutions of the Saratov region in 2017–2018.

Results. Patients with chronic TB prevailed – 50/88 [56.8%, 95% CI 46.3–67.4], every fourth patient had a history of surgery. The cessation of bacterial excretion, confirmed by bacterioscopy, was achieved in 51/67 [76.1%, 95% CI 65.7–86.5] patients; by cultural method – in 47/67 [70,1%, 95% CI 59.0–81.3]. Negative sputum smear in a significant proportion of patients 43/51 [84.3%, 95% CI 52.4–75.9] was observed after 12 weeks of therapy, negative cultures in 36/47 [76.6%, 95% CI 41.6–65.9] – after 16 weeks.

Discussion. Compared to individual patient analyzes – 43% success rate in the treatment of XDR-TB, in our cohort of XDR-TB patients treated with bedaquiline, the  success rate was 53.4%, which is consistent with data from a  large study describing the safety in 2017, tolerability and efficacy of bedaquiline and could be higher in the absence of “discontinuations from treatment”.

Conclusion. The regimens of treatment of patients with XDR-tuberculosis with the inclusion of bedaquiline are effective in terms of the termination of bacterial excretion, confirmed by bacterioscopy and culture in patients with a complex course of a specific process with previous ineffective therapy.
Systemic Antifungal Agents Against AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections: Current Status and Emerging Drugs in Development
Authors: Ablordeppey Seth   Y. , Fan Pingchen , Ablordeppey Joy  H. , Mardenborough Leroy
Published: April 2022

No effective drug was available for the treatment of systemic fungal infections until the discovery of Amphotericin 8 in 1953. Since then flucytosine, azoles and later the triazoles, have now become available. The current interest in the development of new antifungal agents can partially be
explained by the dramatic rise in the number of AIDS cases and the subsequent suppression of the immune system in patients with the disease. For example, over 90% of those diagnosed to be HIV-positive contract a fungal infection during the course of their illness. Other conditions that have spurred the development of new systemic antifungal agents include the increase in the frequency of bone marrow and organ transplants, the use of antineoplastic agents, long- term use of corticosteroids and even the indiscriminate use of antibiotics. The emergence of fungi resistant to currently available agents, especially the azoles, has made the need for new and effective antifungal agents more urgent. This review article focuses on agents targeted against opportunistic fungal infections, i.e., fungal infections which, in contrast to immunocompetent individuals, may cause serious life-threatening illness in immunocompromised individuals. Agents currently on the market or undergoing clinical development, as well as potential new agents that have been discovered, are discussed.
Studi Komparasi Performa Motor Bakar 4 Tak Karburator dan Motor Bakar 6 Tak Mub-2 Karburator Berbahan Bakar Pertamax
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Nurdiansyah Dedi , Soeparman Sudjito , Siswanto Eko
Published: April 2022

This paper describes the comparison of the performance of a 4 stroke carburetor motorbike with the MUB-2 six-stroke engine with additional combustion duration and two working strokes. The increase in combustion duration aims to re-burn combustible species that have not been completely burned in the first combustion. This study used a 4 stroke motor with a capacity of 125 cc and then modified it into a 6 stroke motorbike with twice the duration of combustion. The observed local atmospheric conditions at a relative humidity of about 76% RH, and the ambient temperature and pressure were around 24 ° C and 101.32kPa, respectively. Implementation of data retrieval with crankshaft rotation at 600 rpm intervals from 2400 rpm to 7200 rpm, with a braking load of 5 - 10 kg. The 6 stroke MUB-2 motor shows 8% effective power, 7.8% torque, 1.4% combustion efficiency, 4,3% duty cycle, 2% thermal efficiency and 7% greater fuel efficiency than conventional 4 stroke engines . The fuel consumption rate of the MUB-2 6-stroke engine is 43.5% lower than that of the conventional 4-stroke engine. This means that the performance on the 6 stroke MUB-2 motorbike is higher than the conventional 4 stroke motorbike.
Pengaruh Besar Sudut Butterfly Guide terhadap Unjuk Kerja Kincir Air
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Iswanda Dovian , Soenoko Rudy , Winarto Winarto , Sunarso Alfeus ,   Politeknik Negeri Pontianak
Published: April 2022

In this work, the effects of geometry transition of the upstream channel on the performance of an undershot water wheel were investigated. For that purpose, we carried out experiments using an undershot water wheel model with a diameter ofÂ Ã˜=480 mm, the width of l=100 mm, the number of blades of 12, and the radius of blade curvature of R=170 mm, which was installed on a flow channel with the width of 250 mm. The upstream channel was modified by installing flow guides with different entry angles (Î±=30o, Î±=45o, and Î±=60o), and their effects were investigated by measuring the mechanical power of the water wheel and capturing the flow pattern at the upstream of the water wheel, under the flow rates of Q=10 l/s and Q=14 l/s. The experimental results show that the higher the flow rate, the stronger the effects of the flow guides on the performance of the water wheel. Under the considered experimental conditions, the highest performance was achieved for the flow guide with entry angles of Î±=30o at the flow rate of Q=14 l/s, for which the water wheel produces mechanical power of 22 Watt with an efficiency of 40,37%. It can be observed that the flow guide with the gradual transition (lower entry angle) introduces a more uniform flow pattern that results in a higher water wheel performance, while the flow guide with the sharp transition (higher entry angle) introduces the crossing flow pattern that reduces the performance of the water wheel.
Aerodynamic Analysis of Fiberglass E-Falco Car Body to Get Drag Coefficient with Numerical Analysis
Authors:   Universitas Mercu Buana, Fitri Muhamad , Haryanto Martinus Dwi , Zago Dagachi Muhammad ,   Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University
Published: April 2022

One of the developments in automotive technology is identified by the increasing variety of vehicle products in the market. This development also leads to the refinement of the design of a more aerodynamic car shape to reduce air friction which can reduce material consumption. Because in theory, the aerodynamic shape of the vehicle's body can reduce fuel consumption and minimize the forces that hinder the vehicle's speed. The purpose of this study is to design a more aerodynamic car body, determine the air flow pattern around the car, and simulating the design of the car body to determine the amount of drag coefficient, using Spoiler and without spoiler E-Falco Car Body with variations in speed of 10 km/h, 20 km/h and 40 km/h. The results of this study indicate that the greater the driving speed, the greater the drag generated. The average drag coefficient for the 3 speed variations is 1,995 for design I and 1,905 for design II. The smallest drag coefficient with a value of 1.887 occurs in Design II with a speed used of 40 km/hour and the largest value of the coefficient of drag with a value of 2.043 occurs in Design I with a used speed of 10 km/hour. Design model II is more aerodynamic than design I, the smallest drag coefficient is 1.887. So that the body for the KMLI 2020 competition is recommended to use the design model II which use Spoiler.
The Role of Risk Management in Minimizing Black Stain Through the FMEA Approach at PT MPZ
Authors:   Mercu Buana University, Santoso Sugeng , Anjela Lia , Alvionita Uci , Firmansyah Firmansyah , Etlanda Khoirul Akbar , Fatmawati Ari Ana
Published: April 2022

Quality products have a major influence on the company's image, and also very influential on the number of sales and profits to be gained. But the deed of the field stated that sometimes a lot of product failure that can not be sold and had to be discarded because they do not meet quality standards. This failed product was caused by various factors, including 4M (Man, Material, Machine & Method ). PT MPZ is one of the manufacturers of tissue in Indonesia. The problem they face is the number of "Black Stain Defect " when the production process is running. To minimize the occurrence ofÂ Black Stain Defect, the author uses the concept of risk management assisted with the approach of FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis ) to help resolve problems that occur. From the results of research and data collection, it is found that the highest RPN level occurs in grinder log saw with RPN 648 points and lower in seal bearings by 12 points. The risk management used is risk avoidance (avoiding risk) and risk mitigation (reducing the likelihood or impact), one of the recommendations for improvement is to replace thickness logsaw from 5 mm to 3.8 mm and timing grinding from 6 seconds to 3 seconds and several other proposed improvements to minimize the failure during the production process.
Studi Distribusi Temperatur Pada Kulit Manusia yang mengalami Cryotherapy dengan Finite Difference Method (FDM)
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Wahyudi Slamet , Yusuf Raf'ie , Firdhani Alfiansyah , Firdaus Zulfa Salsabila Rafiya
Published: April 2022

Biological heat transfer studies the transfer of heat in biological systems from inside the human body or from outside to inside the body. The biological heat transfer equation uses the Pennes equation, which applies to the layers of skin made up of the epidermis, dermis, fat, and muscle. This investigation solves the biological heat transfer equation to obtain a one-dimensional unstable temperature distribution in human skin layers subjected to cryotherapy with cold packs at temperatures of 278 K and 283 K using the finite difference method (FDM). The results show that cold compresses influence the temperature distribution on human skin due to the very significant temperature difference between the heat sink temperature and the core temperature of the human body. The greater the temperature difference, the more significantly the temperature distribution in human skin decreases. This is due to the heat transfer that occurs due to two temperature differences, namely the core temperature of the body and the temperature of the cold substance, and is also favored by differences in thermal conductivity, density, and specific heat. that exist in every layer of the skin.