bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short-acting β2-agonists (SABA) bronchodilator sales and outdoor mould in central France
Authors: Caillaud D. M. , Martin S. , Ségala C. , Dupuy N. , Thibaudon M. , Muti D.
Published: October 2019

Background

Temporal ecological studies have shown that outdoor moulds are associated with severe asthma exacerbations, as emergency department visits or hospitalisations. The aim of this was to assess the associations between daily sales of short-acting β2-agonists (SABA), a specific and frequent treatment for control of mild asthma exacerbations in children and young adults, and outdoor mould concentrations in the central France area over a 5 year period.

Methods

The relationship between daily changes in mould (25 species) concentrations and daily SABA sales within a population of patients aged 6 to 39 years in a middle-size town of central France (approximately 127,000) was obtained from social security database and analysed with generalized additive models, taking into account confounding factors (air pollution, weather conditions, pollen counts and trend).

Results

Daily SABA sales (mean, SD) rose from 17.3 (9.7) in 2010 to 22.7 (12) in 2015. The relative risk (RR [95% CI]) of SABA sales associated with an interquartile increase in mould concentration was significant in the whole population for Alternaria 1.06 [1.002–1.12]. When the influence of age and sex was accounted for, the relationship was significant only in 6–12 years old males for Alternaria 1.21 [1.04–1.41] and Aspergillus–Penicillium 1.08 [1.04–1.12].

Conclusions

Daily SABA sales are positively associated with Alternaria spores in the general population of children and young adults. The association between daily SABA sales and temporal changes to Alternaria and Aspergillus–Penicillium in male children indicate that outdoor moulds contribute to asthma morbidity.
Effects of physical exercise on outcomes of cardiac (dys)function in women with breast cancer undergoing anthracycline or trastuzumab treatment: study protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Antunes Pedro , Esteves Dulce , Nunes Célia , Amarelo Anabela , Fonseca-Moutinho José , Afreixo Vera , Costa Henrique , Alves Alberto , Joaquim Ana
Published: October 2019

Background

Cardiotoxicity is a known complication and one of the most adverse effects from the use of conventional treatments such as anthracyclines and trastuzumab in breast cancer (BC) care. This phenomenon has been associated with the restriction of therapeutic options and the increase of cardiovascular complications, which may compromise the survival of patients. Implementation of preventive strategies is an important approach for the management of this issue. Physical exercise has been proposed as a non-pharmacological strategy to counteracting cardiotoxicity. The aim of this protocol is to describe the rationale and methods for a systematic review of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have analysed the effects of physical exercise on outcomes of cardiac (dys)function in women with BC undergoing neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment containing anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab.

Methods and analysis

This is a protocol for a systematic review reported according to the PRISMA-P 2015 checklist. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be included. The literature will be screened on MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ISI Web of Science and Scopus. The risk of bias of the included RCTs will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. The primary outcomes will be systolic function (left ventricular ejection fraction), diastolic function (E/A’ ratio, deceleration time of early left ventricular filling, isovolumetric relaxation time, E/E’ septal and lateral ratio) and myocardial deformation imaging outcomes (strain and strain rate [measured in longitudinal, radial, or circumferential directions]). Secondary outcomes will be cardiac biomarkers (troponin I or T, high-sensitivity troponin I or T, brain natriuretic peptide, amino terminal of B-type natriuretic peptide). Data will be descriptively reported, and quantitative synthesis will also be considered if the included studies are sufficiently homogenous.

Discussion

This systematic review will help to understand the effectiveness of physical exercise on counteracting cardiotoxicity related to anticancer therapies in women with BC.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42018096060.
Variable retention harvesting: conceptual analysis according to different environmental ethics and forest valuation
Authors: Galetto Leonardo , Torres Carolina , Martínez Pastur Guillermo J.
Published: October 2019

Background

Conceptual clarity is important to attain precise communication of scientific knowledge and to implement appropriate technological and policy actions. Many concepts referring to forest management are widely used by decision-makers, regardless of their complexity. Although the scientific and methodological issues of forestry practices are frequently discussed in the literature, their normative dimensions are rarely treated. Thus, linguistic uncertainty increases when different environmentally ethical perspectives and ways of valuing forests are considered. The objective was to compare different conceptualizations on the silvicultural systems suggested for forest management and the implications they have for conservation. We have conceptually contrasted high-intensity forestry practices with variable retention harvesting, considering different environmentally ethical perspectives and forest valuation alternatives.

Results

Clear boundaries between clear-cutting, selective logging, and variable retention harvesting can be evidenced when different ethical points of view and alternatives in the human-nature relationships are considered. We have found a variety of definitions of variable retention harvesting that can be analyzed under different ethical positions. Sharply contrasting views on variable retention harvesting can be evidenced if nature is considered to be purely at human’s service or if it is conceptualized as humans co-inhabiting with nature. The latter position implies that the maintenance of ecological, evolutionary, and historical processes supported by unmanaged forest stands is a crucial step for forest management proposals based on variable retention harvesting.

Conclusions

Forestry practices that are focused on forest yields and that misinterpret functional uncertainty of forest functioning would be risky. Moreover, forestry with variable retention harvesting could imply good yields with reasonable conservation management in some contexts, while it could be unacceptable in other socio-ecological contexts. The improvement of conceptual clarity on the different meanings of variable retention harvesting and the development of indicators for forest management based on the variations of this concept can reduce controversies.
What is the nature and extent of evidence on methodologies for monitoring and evaluating marine spatial management measures in UK and similar coastal waters? A systematic map protocol
Authors: O’Leary Bethan C. , Stewart Bryce D. , McKinley Emma , Addison Prue F. E. , Williams Chris , Carpenter Griffin , Righton David , Yates Katherine L.
Published: October 2019

Background

Anthropogenic degradation of marine ecosystems is widely accepted as a major social-ecological problem. The growing urgency to better manage marine ecosystems has led to the increasing application of ‘spatial management measures’ including marine protected areas, sectoral (e.g. fishery) closures, and marine spatial planning. However, the designation of varied spatial management regimes is just the first step; achievement of objectives relies upon effective implementation, monitoring, evaluation and adaptation. Despite spatial management being a core component of the marine management portfolio, to our knowledge, there is no systematic overview of the evidence on methodologies available, and employed, to monitor and evaluate their effectiveness across social, economic and ecological outcomes.

Methods

This systematic map will examine existing evidence describing methodologies for monitoring the effects, and evaluating the effectiveness, of marine spatial management across ecological, social and economic outcomes. Our aim is to provide a resource for decision-makers, primarily in the UK but also internationally, that supports effective marine management, and to describe the current evidence base. Identification and evaluation of relevant studies will therefore be restricted to coastal countries identified by our Stakeholder Group as being relevant to the UK, and searches will be restricted to the period 2009 to 2019 to align with the current UK policy context. Searches for relevant grey and academic literature, published in English, will be conducted in four bibliographic search engines, Google Scholar, 38 organisational websites and one specialist data repository. Eligibility screening will be conducted first at title and abstract level, and then at full text. Coding and meta-data extraction from eligible studies will include: bibliographic information, general information about the spatial management measure studied, and methodological information on the monitoring and evaluation undertaken. Consistency checking amongst reviewers will be undertaken during screening, coding and data extraction phases. The outcome of the systematic map will be a database that displays the meta-data of identified relevant studies. Findings will be presented in a descriptive report detailing the evaluation approaches and analytical methodologies employed, and data collection methods applied and/or data required by relevant studies to inform evaluations on the effectiveness of marine spatial management measures.
Effectiveness of an osteopathic treatment on the autonomic nervous system: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Rechberger Verena , Biberschick Michael , Porthun Jan
Published: October 2019

Objective

The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of an osteopathic treatment on the autonomic nervous system (ANS). For this purpose, published primary studies were analysed and critically evaluated.

Method

To generate this review, 15 electronic databases were systematically searched for studies. Randomized clinical controlled trials (RCT) and clinical controlled trials (CCT) are included in the review and evaluated with appropriate assessment tools (Downs and Black Checklist and the checklist from Kienle and Kiene).

Results

23 published studies (10 RCT, 1 clinic multi-centre study, 1 CCT, 5 randomized cross-over studies, 5 randomized pilot studies and 1 single case study) are included in this review. The studies were evaluated with the assessment tools according to their quality. 3 studies are graded as high quality, 11 as moderate and 8 as low-quality studies.

Conclusion

The included published studies represent a good level of evidence. Due to a small number of subjects and no follow-ups, the methodological quality is rated as moderate. A significant change on the ANS was shown in studies including High-Velocity Low-Amplitude Techniques (HVLAT). No statement could be drawn in studies in which they used cranial osteopathic techniques due to the lack of methodological quality. A significant change on the ANS is shown in the treatment of the suboccipital region. In studies which evaluated the effectiveness of mobilization in the cervical and thoracic region, no statement could be displayed due to a low level of evidence. None of the findings in these studies have given statements if ANS activation takes place in the sympathetic or parasympathetic system.
Developing elderly men’s footwear sizing system based on their foot shapes
Authors: Kim Namsoon , Do Wolhee
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop a shoe sizing system for elderly men in Korea based on previous studies which analyzed aspects and shapes of the sole of those who aged 60 years or more. The sizing system creation process included natural log-transformation, principle component analysis, multivariate linear regression, size range determination, and measurements calculation. Measurement interval was set up based on Korea standard (KS). Cross analysis was conducted for basic items to select an interval which indicated frequency of more than 5% by type. A measurement system was then established by type. As results of this study, a shoe sizing system was developed with an interval of 5 mm for foot length, an interval of 3 mm for the circumference of the top of the foot, and an interval of 6 mm for the circumference of the top of the foot within the same foot length standard. To reflect characteristics by type, respective shoe sizing systems in accordance with type were developed. 12 types of shoe sizing systems were suggested for elderly men. Our results indicate that shoe sizing system for elderly men by foot type could improve the suitability of shoes. They could give wider range of shoe sizes and high satisfaction. They can help shoe makers produce shoes with various purposes and functions for seniors.
The impact of sequencing depth on the inferred taxonomic composition and AMR gene content of metagenomic samples
Authors:   on behalf of the REHAB consortium, Gweon H. Soon , Shaw Liam P. , Swann Jeremy , De Maio Nicola , AbuOun Manal , Niehus Rene , Hubbard Alasdair T. M. , Bowes Mike J. , Bailey Mark J. , Peto Tim E. A. , Hoosdally Sarah J. , Walker A. Sarah , Sebra Robert P. , Crook Derrick W. , Anjum Muna F. , Read Daniel S. , Stoesser Nicole
Published: October 2019

Background

Shotgun metagenomics is increasingly used to characterise microbial communities, particularly for the investigation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in different animal and environmental contexts. There are many different approaches for inferring the taxonomic composition and AMR gene content of complex community samples from shotgun metagenomic data, but there has been little work establishing the optimum sequencing depth, data processing and analysis methods for these samples. In this study we used shotgun metagenomics and sequencing of cultured isolates from the same samples to address these issues. We sampled three potential environmental AMR gene reservoirs (pig caeca, river sediment, effluent) and sequenced samples with shotgun metagenomics at high depth (~ 200 million reads per sample). Alongside this, we cultured single-colony isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from the same samples and used hybrid sequencing (short- and long-reads) to create high-quality assemblies for comparison to the metagenomic data. To automate data processing, we developed an open-source software pipeline, ‘ResPipe’.

Results

Taxonomic profiling was much more stable to sequencing depth than AMR gene content. 1 million reads per sample was sufficient to achieve < 1% dissimilarity to the full taxonomic composition. However, at least 80 million reads per sample were required to recover the full richness of different AMR gene families present in the sample, and additional allelic diversity of AMR genes was still being discovered in effluent at 200 million reads per sample. Normalising the number of reads mapping to AMR genes using gene length and an exogenous spike of Thermus thermophilus DNA substantially changed the estimated gene abundance distributions. While the majority of genomic content from cultured isolates from effluent was recoverable using shotgun metagenomics, this was not the case for pig caeca or river sediment.

Conclusions

Sequencing depth and profiling method can critically affect the profiling of polymicrobial animal and environmental samples with shotgun metagenomics. Both sequencing of cultured isolates and shotgun metagenomics can recover substantial diversity that is not identified using the other methods. Particular consideration is required when inferring AMR gene content or presence by mapping metagenomic reads to a database. ResPipe, the open-source software pipeline we have developed, is freely available (https://gitlab.com/hsgweon/ResPipe).
Disorders of Arousal in adults: new diagnostic tools for clinical practice
Authors: Loddo Giuseppe , Lopez Régis , Cilea Rosalia , Dauvilliers Yves , Provini Federica
Published: October 2019

Disorders of Arousal  (DOA) are mental and motor behaviors arising from NREM sleep. They comprise a spectrum of manifestations of increasing intensity from confusional arousals to sleep terrors to sleepwalking.

Although DOA in childhood are usually harmless, in adulthood they are often associated with injurious or violent behaviors to the patient or others. Driving motor vehicles, suspected suicide, and even homicide or attempted homicide have been described during sleepwalking in adults. Furthermore, adult DOA need to be differentiated from other sleep disorders such as Sleep-related Hypermotor Epilepsy or REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Although many aspects of DOA have been clarified in the last two decades there is still a lack of objective and quantitative diagnostic criteria for DOA.

Recent advances in EEG analysis and in the semiological characterization of DOA motor patterns have provided a better definition of DOA diagnosis.

Our article focuses on the DOA diagnostic process describing accurately the newest DOA clinical, EEG and video-polysomnographic tools in order to aid clinicians in DOA assessment.
Implementation challenges of the mandatory health insurance scheme
Authors: Rashidul Hossain Shaik Sayed Md , Salman Shoaib Mohammad
Published: October 2019

Background

Implementation of a mandatory insurance scheme depends on several issues, and among them are regulation, management, and program design which are very crucial. Sometimes a well-designed insurance scheme cannot attract an adequate number of people toward the scheme. Therefore, this study is aimed to explore the implementation challenges of Sajida Foundation’s health insurance scheme.

Methods

An exploratory qualitative research design has been applied to explore the challenges that normally exist in regular implementation process. The study population was both field and official level employees who are directly involved in the implementation process of Nirapotta scheme in Karanigoni branch.

Results

Successful implementation of the health insurance scheme of Sajida Foundation is getting constraints by several factors, and among them are lack of dedicated staff for this program, less involvement with community people, inadequate program knowledge dissemination to the people, and not providing incentive for work of Nirapotta are considered as the major challenges of implementation of Nirapotta Scheme. Challenges faced by policy-makers include incoordination with Microfinance Regulatory Authority and not having the latest software for perfect monitoring and evaluation of the Nirapotta program. Apart from this, there are some challenges in implementation which are normally faced in program; some of the most noteworthy findings are incoordination between employees especially in branch level, transient position of Sajida bondhu in the Nirapotta program, and low payment scale compared to other organizations.

Conclusions

Implementation of Nirapotta scheme is getting constraints by multiple factors which can easily be overcome by involving all necessary stakeholders and taking their valuable concern for further development of the scheme to ensure long-term sustainability of the program.
Thrombophilia in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Selim Fayrouz O. , Abdalla Taghrid M. , Hosny Thoraya A. M.
Published: October 2019

Background

Chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can cause a disturbance in the coagulation system. In this study, we aimed to assess the risk factors for venous thromboembolism either acquired or hereditary in patients with HCC.

Results

Serum levels of proteins C and S, AT activity, and lipoprotein (a) were significantly lower in both HCC and cirrhotic patients while homocysteine levels were significantly higher in HCC patients. The prevalence of activated protein C resistance (APCR) and factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation was higher in HCC patients but with no significant differences between the studied groups. With multivariate analysis, prothrombin time, Fbg, protein C and S deficiency, increased lipoprotein (a), hyperhomocysteinemia, APCR, and FVL mutation were independent risk factors for thromboembolic complications in HCC patients.

Conclusions

Thrombophilic abnormalities are prevalent in HCC patients, and they have a substantial increased risk of venous thromboembolism.
A robust workflow for performing joint impedance inversion and its applications
Authors: Sharma Ritesh Kumar , Chopra Satinder , Lines Larry R.
Published: October 2019

Multicomponent seismic data offer several advantages for characterizing reservoirs with the use of the vertical component (PP) and mode-converted (PS) data. Joint impedance inversion inverts both of these data sets simultaneously; hence, it is considered superior to simultaneous impedance inversion. However, the success of joint impedance inversion depends on how accurately the PS data are mapped on the PP time domain. Normally, this is attempted by performing well-to-seismic ties for PP and PS data sets and matching different horizons picked on PP and PS data. Although it seems to be a straightforward approach, there are a few issues associated with it. One of them is the lower resolution of the PS data compared with the PP data that presents difficulties in the correlation of the equivalent reflection events on both the data sets. Even after a few consistent horizons get tracked, the horizon matching process introduces some artifacts on the PS data when mapped into PP time. We have evaluated such challenges using a data set from the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin and then develop a novel workflow for addressing them. The importance of our workflow was determined by comparing data examples generated with and without its adoption.
The politics of hunger and the legacy of resistance in postcolonial social work
Authors: Madew Melinda , Leung Jason M.
Published: October 2019

This article is written from a standpoint that social work can have a claim to a legacy of radical resistance. This legacy is upheld when an unequivocal position is taken against a neoliberal global order that causes human suffering in insidious ways. Global hunger evidences how the genealogy of social problems can be traced to a colonial history and how this is perpetuated by neoliberal policies. Postcolonial analysis in social work compels us to engage in the difficult task of interrogating the history of social problems as a necessary way of understanding their complexity. It is in achieving an incisive understanding of these complexities that social work may yet evolve new analytical paradigms and effectively test tools in active resistance. References will be made to situations in Germany and the Philippines, where both authors live and work.
IPC—Individual Parental Coaching —A Journey to “Value-land”
Authors: Barkan Iris
Published: October 2019

This article presents an individual parental coaching model (IPC) designed and examined for a PhD dissertation. Here we shall examine one aspect from the PhD, which explores the connection and influence that this IPC model has on the ‘teenager-parent’ relationship.

Essentially, the research had two main goals, firstly to examine the possible influence of a unique parental coaching process, with respect to the parents’ ability to form better connections and communication with their adolescent children. Furthermore, it sought to validate a certain perception of parenting - the notion that a parent must first establish a firm sense of “self” before taking part in parenting, thus self-definition, purpose and meaning, are the individual’s significant guidelines when establishing relations with others, especially the demanding relations with teenagers.

This was a qualitative narrative piece of research, since the parents’ life stories, as perceived and related by them, were at the core of this research. Seven Israeli families participated; heterosexual married couples who had raised at least one teenager between the ages of 13 to 18. The parents took an active part in a comprehensive coaching process consisting of ten weekly sessions. While the teenagers took part in an indirect manner, by filling out questionnaires. The data collected during the coaching sessions and open interviews were analyzed using the “Theme Analysis” method. This revealed some prominent individual and parental issues that contemporary Israeli parents had to deal with.

The results indicated the following central findings, apart from the parent’s appreciation of the opportunity to enter a deep process of ‘self-encounter’, resulting in great benefits despite the challenges along the way. The finding’s below address both the research question itself and the explicit change process in the communication and connection between the parents and their teenagers from both perspectives. Improvements included spending more time together, less anger and friction, more patience and tolerance, better awareness to discourse style and word choices plus an overall improvement in the atmosphere at home. All the participating parents without exception stated that it was a worthy journey, which they would recommend to all parents to experience.
El ayuntamiento de Palma en la Sala de Millones en el Antiguo Régimen
Authors: Pascual Ramos Eduardo
Published: October 2019

Carlos III creó en 1767 la sexta plaza en la Sala de Millones para las ciudades con voto en Cortes de Mallorca y Cataluña. Dicha Sala fue la única institución de representación territorial permanente entre cortes en el siglo XVIII. La presente investigación tiene la finalidad de analizar el proceso de solicitud, concesión y participación del ayuntamiento palmesano en la Sala de Millones. Además se describe la tipología de diputados, sistema electivo, nombramiento, remuneración, así como la relación de diputados palmesanos en dicha Sala.
Permanencias estructurales rurales versus mudanzas. Consumos, necesidades y apariencias en Valladolid a finales del Antiguo Régimen
Authors: García Fernández Máximo
Published: October 2019

Ajuares dotales e inventarios de prendas atestiguan una lenta evolución de los vestuarios castellanos populares, en pugna estética civilizatoria diferenciadora. Aunque aquel proceso no fue nada estático, el triunfo de las costumbres modernas arrinconaba los usos tradicionales (mudanzas aparentes o necesidades; «monos» frente a rústicos) al imponerse en el enfrentamiento entre los ámbitos culturales urbanos y rurales.Los cambios en las modas no eran exclusivos del mundo cortesano. No obstante, el concepto «vulgar» cada vez se asociaba menos al mantenimiento de lo imperecedero y más a lo arcaico tradicional y al freno a toda novedad, vestimentaria y mental.Al indagar en el estilo de vida cotidiano campesino al final del Antiguo Régimen se incide en sus resistencias culturales, primando el peso inmutable comunitario (trajes regionales), un minoritario espíritu innovador rural (en clave de jerarquías y conflictos de apariencia) y en la dualidad externa de rusticidad–casticismo como modelos estéticos vinculados al atraso local en pugna con una modernización cosmopolita.
Grupos campesinos intermedios, estilo de vida y pautas de consumo. Mallorca (1750-1836/50)
Authors: Morey Tous Antònia
Published: October 2019

Se plantean unas primeras hipótesis sobre el estilo de vida de un conjunto de payeses residentes en el área rural de Palma dedicados al arrendamiento de predios y huertos. Se trata de un grupo de campesinos intermedios fuertemente heterogéneo al que la historiografía ha atribuido un cierto grado de distinción económica y social. No obstante, poco se sabe sobre su estratificación, la composición de sus patrimonios o su mayor o menor predisposición para consumir determinados bienes. En particular, aquellos considerados como prescindibles o superfluos utilizados por los historiadores como indicativos de un estilo de vida de propio. Por ello, a partir de una doble tipología de fuentes (repartos fiscales e inventarios post-mortem), nos proponemos indagar sobre las desigualdades internas del grupo y caracterizar la composición de sus patrimonios. Tomamos en consideración una serie de indicadores cualitativos y observamos que a pesar del saneamiento generalizado de sus economías se rigen por un estilo de vida rústico y austero. Por mucho que en algunos hogares, a partir sobre todo del primer tercio del siglo XIX, se incorporan determinados objetos que permiten intuir una evolución hacia un modo de vida más urbano y confortable.
De hatos y tratos. Indumentaria, moda y comportamientos sociales en el valle del Ebro y en el Pirineo central a fines de la Edad Moderna
Authors: Alfaro Pérez Fco. José , Naya Franco Carolina
Published: October 2019

Este estudio analiza los cambios y las permanencias experimentados por las sociedades del valle medio del Ebro y del Pirineo central a fines de la Edad Moderna a través de su indumentaria. La influencia de las modas extranjeras, la necesidad práctica y los posibles de cada individuo son elementos a través de los cuales se calibran unas variaciones que poco a poco transportaron a aquellas gentes de unos usos modernos al mundo liberal decimonónico.
The potency of chitosan-based Pinus merkusii bark extract nanoparticles as anti-cancer on HeLa cell lines
Authors: Proboningrat Annise , Fadholly Amaq , Iskandar Regina Purnama Dewi , Achmad Agung Budianto , Rantam Fedik Abdul , Sudjarwo Sri Agus
Published: October 2019

Background and Aim: Cervical cancer accounts for the fourth as a cause of death from cancer in women worldwide, with more than 85% of events and deaths occurring in developing countries. The main problems of chemotherapy are the lack of selectivity and drug resistance. This study aimed to investigate the signal transduction of chitosan-based Pinus merkusii bark extract nanoparticles (Nano-PMBE) as an anticancer on HeLa cell line.

Materials and Methods: Nano-PMBE was prepared based on the ionic gelation method. Its anticancer activities in HeLa cells were investigated through cytotoxicity test, cell cycle, and apoptosis analysis. The expression of p53 and caspase-9 was also observed.

Results: The results showed that Nano-PMBE has a size of 394.3 nm. Meanwhile, the Nano-PMBE was cytotoxic to HeLa cells ( IC50 of 384.10 μg/ml), caused G0/G1 phase arrest and cell apoptosis in HeLa cells. Besides, the expression of p53 and caspase-9 has increased.

Conclusion: The results showed a notable anticancer effect of Nano-PMBE by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis in HeLa cells, suggesting that it might have therapeutic potential for cervical cancer. Further research is needed to find out more about the anticancer mechanism of Nano-PMBE in HeLa cells to in vivo and clinical studies.
Is cancer incidence modified by SGLT2 inhibitors?
Authors: Berstein Lev M.
Published: October 2019

One of the most important achievements of diabetology in the second decade of the 21st century is undoubtedly the introduction of sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT2) inhibitors into clinical practice as a new class of glucose-lowering agents for type 2 diabetes. In addition to the glucosuria induced by these agents, which is their main pathway for achieving antidiabetic recovery, other consequences accompany the intake of SGLT2 inhibitors. These pathways, particularly in oncology, have not been extensively studied. Considering the analysis of the previous studies, this report demonstrates, although not significantly, that cancer morbidity in patients with T2DM treated with SGLT2 inhibitors may be organ-specific. In addition, agents within the class of SGLT-2 inhibitors may be useful in several variants of antitumor therapy, but this theory requires further study.
Active Learning Strategies and Competency-Based Design in Research Education: a Longitudinal Review
Authors: Haughton Noela A.
Published: October 2019

This paper describes the long-term re-development of an introductory graduate research methods course. The initial design is presented, followed by the two re-design phases. Phase 2 introduced additional inquiry-based strategies such as concept mapping and multiple levels of peer collaboration. Phase 3 incorporated competency-based techniques as well as additional technical, social, and instructional support. Assessment results, student feedback, moderate to strong relationships between scores on key assessments, and design principles support the assertion that the Phase 3 course is an improvement over the Phase 1 version. Limitations and further research are presented.
Sistemas piezoeléctricos en el tren urbano de Guadalajara, México: entropía y negentropía
Authors: Barragán Arturo Arizaga , González Pérez Mario Guadalupe , Lara Yefer Asprilla
Published: October 2019

Contexto: La homeostasis del tren urbano de Guadalajara, México, experimenta entropía relativa a la conglomeración de usuarios en las denominadas horas pico. Esto conlleva un mayor consumo de energía eléctrica en los desplazamientos cotidianos; no obstante, el peso proveniente de los usuarios puede ser utilizado como negentropía termodinámica para reducir sus niveles de entropía. En este sentido, el objetivo de esta investigación determina la viabilidad de utilizar la piezoelectricidad en la obtención y consumo de energía eléctrica para la operatividad del sistema.

Método: La investigación se fundamenta en datos proprocionados por el Sistema de Tren Eléctrico Urbano (Siteur) y la Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE). Complementariamente, esta información se triangula con datos realizados en ejercicios de campo y en función de la oferta y demanda energética; se calculan el peso aproximado de los usuarios y la energía que puede producir el sistema de generación piezoeléctrica por persona. Finalmente, es utilizado el modelo entropía-homeostasis-negentropía (EHN), para determinar el escenario de la piezoelectricidad en el consumo energético del tren eléctrico urbano de la metrópoli de Guadalajara.

Resultados: La utilización de piezoeléctricidad puede lograr eficiencias significativas para la optimización energética de sistemas de movilidad urbana; inclusive de hasta un 89,7 % como en el ejemplo de la línea 2 del Siteur en Guadalajara. Esto por las condiciones homeostáticas propias de este sistema, relativas a la afluencia promedio diaria en horas pico; cuando se llega a los 83.059 usuarios. Por tanto, es posible generar negentropía termodinámica, a través de la energía eléctrica proveniente de los sistemas piezoeléctricos y el peso de los usuarios.

Conclusiones: La energía autoproducida por piezoelectricidad en el sistema, mediante el aprovechamiento del peso de los usuarios puede ser almacenada para alimentar la líneas de la red del tren eléctrico urbano. De esta manera, se optimiza el consumo energético en los desplazamientos cotidianos, con ahorros económicos para la empresa y como negentropía en la reducción de la energía no utilizada para producir trabajo (entropía).
Industria 4.0 y Manufactura Digital: Un Método de Diseño Aplicando Ingeniería Inversa
Authors: Carro Suárez Jorge , Flores Salazar Fabiola , Flores Nava Irma , Hernández Hernández Ramón
Published: October 2019

Contexto: Para la presente investigación se revisó la literatura y actualidad sobre Ingeniería 4.0 e Ingeniería Inversa con el objetivo de  proponer un método de diseño para la digitalización y fabricación de piezas en 3D a través del uso de Manufactura Digital.
Método: Se realiza una revisión teórica y sistemática sobre Industria 4.0 e Ingeniería Inversa para determinar la relación entre ambos conceptos. Posteriormente, se analizan diversos métodos de diseño publicados para seleccionar uno como referencia. Finalmente, de los resultados obtenidos del análisis teórico, se presenta una propuesta de método de diseño para realizar la digitalización y manufactura de una pieza 3D. Como comprobación, el método se aplica en la captura, modelado e impresión 3D de una pieza.
Resultados: Se encuentra que el punto de relación entre Industria 4.0 e Ingeniería Inversa es la Manufactura Aditiva y que el método de diseño ideal para el desarrollo de la investigación es el de Archer a través de las perspectivas de Liu y Boyle, ya que el modelo propuesto se enfocará en el criterio del diseñador a través de un proceso de digitalización. Finalmente, su aplicación demuestra la relevancia de considerar a la Manufactura Digital como un componente determinante para la Industria 4.0 en la actualidad.
Conclusiones: Las condiciones, particularidades y costos de los nuevos procesos aplicados por la Industria 4.0 hacen necesario que se planteen nuevos modelos que generen beneficios a las empresas para ser más competitivas, rentables y sustentables. En este contexto, la Manufactura Digital se presenta como una alterativa de diseño, que a pesar de que lleva años siendo aplicada, no ha sido reconocida como una nueva tendencia tecnológica, por lo que su inclusión en la Industria 4.0 es pertinente y necesaria.
Un Año al Frente
Authors: Diaz Nelson Leonardo
Published: October 2019

Nota Editorial V24N2
Obrazy motłochu
Authors: . .
Published: October 2019

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„Oj skończy się nam, skończy nasze mordowanie”. Ludowe pieśni antyfeudalne, Ściegienny, Szela i możliwy wpływ chłopskiej teologii emancypacyjnej na rabację galicyjską.
Authors: Pfeifer Kasper
Published: October 2019

Opierając się na metodologii akcentującej narracyjny i dyskursywny wymiar historii, autor analizuje pieśni chłopskie towarzyszące rabacji galicyjskiej (1846) oraz rewolucyjnemu ruchowi ludowemu organizowanemu w Królestwie Polskim przez Związek Chłopski (1842–1844). Główna teza artykułu zakłada, że oba ruchy antyfeudalne były ze sobą powiązane pod względem zarówno teorii, jak i praktyki, a jej źródłem była teologia emancypacyjna księdza Piotra Ściegiennego. Liczne przesłanki potwierdzające postawioną w ten sposób hipotezę można znaleźć w zachowanych do dziś ludowych pieśniach buntowniczych. Rekonstruując powiązania między twórczością chłopów zaangażowanych w oba ruchy rewolucyjne, autor odnosi treść badanych utworów do pism politycznych Ściegiennego. Ich relacyjna lektura dostarcza dowodów pozwalających zakwestionować obecną w pismach konserwatywnych historyków dewaluację warstw ludowych jako podmiotów rewolucyjnych. Paralele, które można znaleźć we wspomnianych pieśniach rabacji i Związku Chłopskiego oraz w twórczości politycznej księdza Piotra Ściegiennego, prowadzą do wniosku, że praktyka ruchu ludowego kojarzonego zwykle z Jakubem Szelą była głęboko zakorzeniona w teorii autora Złotej książeczki, zaś jej nadrzędnym celem było obalenie ustroju feudalnego na terenie Galicji, a nie – jak chce to widzieć policyjna historiografia – użyciem przez administrację austriacką polskojęzycznych chłopów do stłumienia szlacheckiego powstania krakowskiego (1846).
Swimming training by affecting the pancreatic Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and oxidative stress, improves insulin sensitivity in diabetic male rats
Authors: Ghiasi Rafighe , Naderi Roya , Sheervalilou Roghayeh , Alipour Mohammad Reza
Published: October 2019

Background

Sirtuin1 is a regulator of oxidative stress involved in the management of diabetes complications. Due to the beneficial effects of swimming training in diabetes, this study aimed to investigate the effects of swimming training on pancreatic Sirtuin1, oxidative stress and metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetic male rats.

Materials and methods

Twenty-eight male Wistar rats (200–250 g) were randomly divided into four groups: control, diabetic, swim trained and swim trained diabetic rats (n = 7). Diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection [35/kg intraperitoneally]. After 72 hours, animals with blood glucose levels ≥300 mg/dL were considered diabetic. Seven days after the induction of diabetes, animals in the exercise groups were subjected to swimming training (60 min/daily, 5 days/week) for 12 weeks. At the end of the intervention, the animals were anesthetized, and tissue/blood samples were prepared for measurements of metabolic parameters, albumin, the Sitruin1 gene and its protein expression levels, oxidative stress and histological study.

Results

This study indicated that the diabetic rats had a significant decrease (p < 0.01, p < 0.05) in pancreatic Sitruin1 gene and its protein expression levels, antioxidant enzymes, serum albumin, and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, but a significant increase (p < 0.01) in malondialdehyde level. Swimming training resulted in a considerable improvement (p < 0.01, p < 0.05) in pancreatic Sitruin1 gene and its protein expression levels, antioxidant enzymes, serum levels of albumin and metabolic parameters. In addition, histological findings indicated the beta-cells conservation.

Conclusions

This study suggested that pancreatic Sitruin1 may be a promising therapeutic target for diabetic complications.
Coulomb forces in THz electromechanical meta-atoms
Authors: Calabrese Allegra , Gacemi Djamal , Jeannin Mathieu , Suffit Stéphan , Vasanelli Angela , Sirtori Carlo , Todorov Yanko
Published: October 2019

Thanks to their large sensitivity to electromagnetic fields, microelectromechanical systems are becoming attractive for applications in the THz band (0.1–10 THz). However, up to date all THz electromechanical systems couple electromagnetic fields to mechanical motion only through photothermal dissipative forces: such mechanism allows for sensitive detection but prevents applications that require coherent transfer of information. In this work, we present a THz electromechanical meta-atom where the coupling between an electromagnetic mode and the displacement of a metallic micro-beam is substantially controlled by a conservative Coulomb force due to charge oscillations in the nanometric-size capacitive part of the meta-atom. We present experiments, performed at room temperature, which allow distinguishing and precisely quantifying the contributions of conservative and dissipative forces in the operation of our electromechanical resonator. Our analysis shows that the Coulomb force becomes the dominant contribution of the total driving force for high-order mechanical modes. Such system paves the way for the realization of coherent THz to optical transducers and allows the realization of fundamental optomechanical systems in the THz frequency range.
Comprehensive insights into intracellular fate of WS2 nanosheets for enhanced photothermal therapeutic outcomes via exocytosis inhibition
Authors: Kong Na , Ding Li , Zeng Xiaobin , Wang Junqing , Li Wenliang , Shi Sanjun , Gan Silvia Tian , Zhu Xianbing , Tao Wei , Ji Xiaoyuan
Published: October 2019

Two-dimensional (2D) nanosheet (NS)-based photothermal agents (PTAs), such as transition-metal dichalcogenides, have shown immense potential for their use in cancer photothermal therapy (PTT). However, the nano-bio interaction study regarding these NS-based PTAs is still in its infancy. In this study, we used WS2-PEG NS-based PTA as an example to provide comprehensive insights into the experimental understanding of their fate in cancer cells. The data revealed that three different endocytosis pathways (macropinocytosis, clathrin-dependent, and caveolae-dependent endocytosis), autophagy-mediated lysosome accumulation, and exocytosis-induced excretion contribute to the integrated pathways of WS2-PEG NSs within cells. These pathways are consistent with our previous reports on MoS2-PEG NS-based drug delivery platform, indicating that the composition difference of 2D NSs with PEGylation may have little influence on their intercellular fate. Moreover, by blocking the revealed exocytosis pathway-mediated secretion of WS2 NSs in tumor cells, an effective approach is proposed to attain enhanced photothermal therapeutic outcomes with low doses of WS2 NSs and under a low power of a near-infrared (NIR) laser. We expect that the exocytosis inhibition strategy may be a universal one for 2D NSs to achieve combination cancer therapy. This study may also provide more experimental basis for the future development of 2D NS’s application in biomedicine (e.g. PTT).
A (DES) NECESSIDADE DE PRODUÇÃO DE PROVA NOS PEDIDOS DE DANOS MORAIS NO ÂMBITO CRIMINAL NOS CASOS DE VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA
Authors: Silva Gomes Thais , Figueiredo Brito Ronaldo
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo irá abordar as diversas formas de violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher, tendo por base a Lei nº 11.340/2006, conhecida também, como Lei Maria da Penha, utilizando-se para responder a problemática o método de pesquisa bibliográfica, de caráter exploratório e descritivo. Tal lei trouxe um avanço significativo no combate à violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher, uma vez que tipificou os vários tipos de agressão, facilitando a condenação do ofensor. Nessa esteira, o Superior Tribunal de Justiça, em julgado recente, entendeu ser possível a fixação de indenização por danos morais, na esfera penal, apenas com o requerimento da parte ofendida ou do Ministério Público, sem a necessidade de produção de provas, caracterizando o dano moral decorrente da violência contra a mulher como dano in re ipsa. Diante disso, há em tramitação na Câmara dos Deputados Projeto de Lei sob o nº 10.239/2018, que tem por escopo incorporar à Lei Maria da Penha, a possibilidade de acrescentar ao artigo 24 da referida lei, o inciso V, com a importante e avançada conquista jurisprudencial para coibir a violência doméstica.
A RESPONSABILIDADE SÓCIO INSTITUCIONAL DO DIREITO NO BRASIL CONTEMPORANEO.
Authors: Martins Vanderlei , Paulo Sobreiro Pulvino Marcos
Published: October 2019

O artigo discute o papel e a responsabilidade do Direito no contexto cultural e institucional brasileiro contemporâneo. Partindo do princípio de que tal contexto é repleto de conflitos de interesses que, nem sempre éticos ou virtuosos, faz-se necessário que se instaure na convivência um referencial confiável capaz de dar um equilíbrio mais justo à esses choques de interesses. Esse é o eixo central do trabalho, que enxerga no Direito a instituição social melhor preparada para ser espécie de alta cultura a conduzir o convívio utilitário e funcional prevalente nas relações sociais e institucionais. O artigo trata ainda das desigualdades sociais que insistem em aumentar não dando qualquer sinal de regressão ou contenção, é justamente essa a análise que o ensaio faz sugerindo algumas possibilidades, uma delas é a responsabilidade social do Direito no combate às desigualdades sociais.
Optimal Conditions for the Deposition of Gold Nanofilms on a Silicon by Galvanic Replacement Method
Authors: Nichkalo S.I. , Shepida M.V. , Chekaylo M.V.
Published: October 2019

The formation conditions of gold nanofilms on silicon (Si) substrate by galvanic replacement in a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent and their subsequent use for the fabrication of Si nanostructures by metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) method were under study. It was found that the average size and number of Au nanoparticles increase with an increase in the reducible metal ion concentration from 2 to 8 mM HAuCl4 in DMSO, whereas the distribution of Au nanoparticles in height remains low for all concentrations of the reducible metal. In the temperature range 40 - 70°C, a different morphology of the deposited Au nanofilms observed. In particular, at 40 °C, the film is porous mainly homogeneous, whereas at a temperature of 50°C the film is rougher. The subsequent rise in temperature from 60°C to 70°C results in the formation of Au nanofilm with a discontinuous morphology. It was established that regardless of the morphology of deposited Au nanofilms, the Si nanostructures maintain a vertical orientation to the plane of the Si substrate during MACE-etching. The produced Si nanostructures were 1.5 - 2.5 μm in height and their average diameter ranged from 100 to 300 nm.