bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beam Steering and Signal Amplification Through Feedforward Networks: Part II Reception
Authors: Levasseur Tyler , Palacios Antonio , Sharan Shashwat , In Visarath
Published: January 2025

A feedforward network is a unidirectionally coupled chain of dynamical systems in which the first cell may be coupled to itself, and each successive cell is coupled to the next one. Previous work has shown that a feedforward network of nonlinear oscillators can lead, in principle, to a novel beamforming system, in which the collective dynamics of the network can produce, simultaneously, signal amplification and beam steering capabilities through phase-locking solutions. These two features can find applicability in future design and fabrication of modern antenna and radar systems. We now investigate the response of the feedforward network of oscillators, and the beamforming pattern, to an incoming signal. The study shows, in particular, that synchronization with an incoming signal can yield a beamforming pattern with a narrow mainlobe and lower sidelobes. These are desirable features because they can lead to improved resolution and less susceptibility to interference by strenuous signals.
Bifurcation and Chaos in a Diffusive Prey–Predator Model Incorporating Fear Effect on Prey and Team Hunting by Predator with Anti-Predation Response Delay
Authors: Singh Anand , Kumar Ankit , Gupta Ashvini , Dubey Balram
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we scrutinize the dynamics of a temporal and spatiotemporal prey–predator model incorporating the fear effect on prey and team hunting by the predator. Additionally, we explore the influence of delayed anti-predation response. The analysis includes discussions on well-posedness, local stability, and various bifurcations such as saddle-node, transcritical, Hopf and Bogdanov–Takens bifurcations. The impact of fear cost and delay parameters on model dynamics is investigated by considering them as bifurcation parameters. We investigate how bifurcation values change with varying parameters by exploring different bi-parameter planes. It is observed that the system transitions into chaotic behavior through Hopf bifurcation for significant anti-predation response delay. The positivity of the maximal Lyapunov exponent indicates the confirmed characteristics of chaotic behavior. Furthermore, within the spatiotemporal model framework, a thorough analysis of local and global stability is provided, including the establishment of criteria for identifying Turing instability in cases of self- and cross-diffusion. Various stationary and dynamic patterns are elucidated as diffusion coefficients vary, showcasing the diverse dynamics of the spatiotemporal model. In order to illustrate the dynamic characteristics of the system, a series of comprehensive numerical simulations are conducted. The discoveries outlined in this paper could prove advantageous for understanding the biological implications resulting from the examination of predator–prey relationships.
Error-Aware Training for In-RRAM Computing Design Considering Non-Ideal Effects in RRAM Crossbar Array and Peripheral Circuits
Authors: Chang Shih-Han , Yen Ray-Hong , Liu Chien-Nan
Published: January 2025

In recent years, computing in-memory (CIM) technology has been proposed to solve the bottleneck of data movement in AI edge designs. In-RRAM computing (IRC) is a popular architecture due to its low leakage current and high density. However, to integrate some simple computation in memory, the IRC designs often adopt analog operations, which bring new issues to the computation accuracy. In order to speed up the verification of computation results, an accurate behavioral model for the RRAM crossbar array and the peripheral circuits with non-ideal effects are proposed. By using the proposed behavioral model, we build a hierarchical simulation framework for IRC system to provide run-time errors for circuit design optimization and CNN training. As shown in the experimental results, the simulation accuracy of IRC system is greatly improved by considering the contribution from peripheral circuits, but the simulation time can be reduced from several hours to one minute. The error-aware CNN training with the proposed models efficiently improves the CNN inference accuracy in real applications, which solves the accuracy and efficiency issues in traditional approaches.
Participant Perceptions of a Robotic Coach Conducting Positive Psychology Exercises: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Axelsson Minja , Churamani Nikhil , Çaldir Atahan , Gunes Hatice
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a qualitative analysis of participants’ perceptions of a robotic coach conducting Positive Psychology exercises, providing insights for the future design of robotic coaches. Participants

\((n=20)\)

took part in a single-session (avg.

\(31\pm 10\)

minutes) Human-Robot Interaction study in a laboratory setting. We created the design of the robotic coach, and its
affective adaptation
, based on user-centred design research and collaboration with a professional coach. We transcribed post-study participant interviews and conducted a Thematic Analysis. We discuss the results of that analysis, presenting aspects participants found particularly helpful (e.g., the robot asked the correct questions and helped them think of new positive things in their life), and what should be improved (e.g., the robot’s utterance content should be more responsive). We found that participants had no clear preference for affective adaptation or no affective adaptation, which may be due to both positive and negative user perceptions being heightened in the case of adaptation. Based on our qualitative analysis, we highlight insights for the future design of robotic coaches, and areas for future investigation (e.g., examining how participants with different personality traits, or participants experiencing isolation, could benefit from an interaction with a robotic coach).
LLMCDSR: Enhancing Cross-Domain Sequential Recommendation with Large Language Models
Authors: Xin Haoran , Sun Ying , Wang Chao , Xiong Hui
Published: January 2025

Cross-Domain Sequential Recommendation (CDSR) aims to predict users’ preferences based on historical sequential interactions across multiple domains. Existing works focus on the overlapped users who interact in multiple domains to capture the cross-domain correlations. These methods often underperform in practical scenarios featuring both overlapped and non-overlapped users due to the limited cross-domain interactions and knowledge transfer misalignment for non-overlapped users. To address this, we leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to facilitate CDSR by fully exploiting single-domain interactions. However, LLMs exhibit inherent limitations in handling extensive item repositories and sequential collaborative signals. Moreover, the generation reliability is compromised by the hallucination problem, potentially causing noisy and unstable outputs. To this end, we propose a novel
LLMCDSR
framework, which employs LLMs to predict unobserved cross-domain interactions, termed pseudo items, within single-domain interactions. Specifically, we first prompt LLMs to execute the Candidate-Free Cross-Domain Interaction Generation task. Then, we devise a Collaborative-Textual Contrastive Pre-Training strategy, learning to infuse collaborative information into textual features. Afterwards, we present a novel Relevance-Aware Meta Recall Network (RMRN) to selectively identify and retrieve high-quality pseudo items from the dataset, where the parameters are optimized in a meta-learning manner. Finally, extensive experiments on two public datasets validate the effectiveness of LLMCDSR in enhancing CDSR.
Cheese vs. Fluff: The conflict of metagame and paragame in Warhammer
Authors: Timonen Aasa Halla Aurora
Published: January 2025

In this paper, I will explore the temporal shift between metagame and paragame in the
Warhammer
franchise. By looking at three distinctive points in the history of Warhammer, this paper delves into the continuous evolution and development of
Warhammer
and how its relationship to metagame and paragame has changed over time. By applying thematic analysis to the main research material of this study -
Warhammer
rulebooks
, White Dwarf
magazines, and Warhammer Community rules update articles - codes and themes were generated for analysing the changing trends in competitive practices within
Warhammer
. This process yielded three separate categories of relationship to the metagame, based on the gamesmaster, the tactics within the game, and the patch-metagame cycle. This data shows that
Warhammer's
current meta is about the metaplay itself, as the games lean towards marketing and balancing the game to benefit the competitive play practices. However, due to the participatory nature of
Warhammer
, some paragame elements stay in the game, and due to the feedback loop built into the patch-metagame cycle, players can influence the meta with their actions based on the paragame enjoyment of the game.
Case 333: Masson Tumor
Authors: Krishnan Venkatram , Rana Abhilasha , Nix James , Damalcheruvu Prashanth
Published: January 2025

History

A 61-year-old male patient without prior history of ophthalmologic problems presented with pain and redness in the left eye associated with slowly progressive proptosis over the previous 6 months. The patient also had diplopia in rightward and downward gaze. There was no vision loss. Mild fullness was seen in the periorbital tissues without any redness or fluctuance and with no purulent discharge from the left eye. The patient was otherwise healthy, with a 6-year history of diabetes mellitus and an 8-year history of hypertension managed well with medication. There was no history of trauma to the head or face. At clinical examination, conjunctival edema and redness with proptosis were noted. The cornea was clear. Evaluation of eye movements revealed restricted motion of the left eye in medial gaze and downward gaze. Ophthalmoscopic evaluation did not show any substantial abnormality. The retina and retinal vascularity were unremarkable. The right eye was unremarkable. Uncorrected visual acuity was 20/30 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left eye. Corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Complete blood cell count, as well as liver and kidney function test results, were within normal limits. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level were normal. Thyroid function test results were normal. The patient subsequently underwent CT of the orbits without and with contrast enhancement followed by further evaluation with MRI of the orbits without and with contrast enhancement.
Quantification of Vascular Remodeling and Sinusoidal Capillarization to Assess Liver Fibrosis with Photoacoustic Imaging
Authors: Li Wenya , Lv Jing , Li Honghui , Song Liwen , Zhang Rui , Zhao Xingyang , Xuan Feichao , Sun Tong , Long Kai , Zhao Yinghua , Nie Liming
Published: January 2025

Photoacoustic microscopy imaging could be used to evaluate the severity of liver fibrosis by means of an analysis of the structural and functional characteristics of liver lobules.
Food supply toxicants and additives alter the gut microbiota and risk of metabolic disease
Authors: Barra Nicole G. , Fang Han , Bhatwa Arshpreet , Schmidt Angela M. , Syed Saad A. , Steinberg Gregory R. , Morrison Katherine M. , Surette Michael G. , Wade Michael G. , Holloway Alison C. , Schertzer Jonathan D.
Published: January 2025

Metabolic disease is rising along with both global industrialization and the use of new commercial, agricultural, and industrial chemicals and food additives. Exposure to these compounds may contribute to aspects of metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver disease. Ingesting compounds in the food supply is a key route of human exposure, resulting in the interaction between toxicants or additives and the intestinal microbiota. Toxicants can influence the composition and function of the gut microbiota, and these microbes can metabolize and transform toxicants and food additives. Microbe-toxicant interactions in the intestine can alter host mucosal barrier function, immunity, and metabolism, which may contribute to the risk or severity of metabolic disease development. Targeting the connection between toxicants, food, and immunity in the gut using strategies such as fermentable fiber (i.e., inulin) may mitigate some of the effects of these compounds on host metabolism. Understanding causative factors in the microbe-host relationship that promote toxicant-induced dysmetabolism is an important goal. This review highlights the role of common toxicants (i.e., persistent organic pollutants, pesticides, and fungicides) and food additives (emulsifiers and artificial sweeteners) found in our food supply that alter the gut microbiota and promote metabolic disease development.
Regulation of pathologic fibroblast functions in digestive diseases: a role for hypoxia?
Authors: Ohlendieck Cian M. , Matellan Carlos , Manresa Mario C.
Published: January 2025

The recent uncovering of fibroblast heterogeneity has given great insight into the versatility of the stroma. Among other cellular processes, fibroblasts are now thought to contribute to the coordination of immune responses in a range of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. Although the pathologic roles of myofibroblasts, inflammatory fibroblasts, and cancer-associated fibroblasts in disease are reasonably well understood, the mechanisms behind their activation remain to be uncovered. In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, several interleukins and tumor necrosis factor superfamily members have been identified as possible mediators driving the acquisition of inflammatory and fibrotic properties in fibroblasts. In addition to cytokines, other microenvironmental factors such as nutrient and oxygen availability are likely contributors to this process. In this respect, the phenomenon of low cellular oxygen levels known as hypoxia is common in a plethora of GI diseases. Indeed, the cross talk between hypoxia and inflammation is well-documented, with an abundance of studies suggesting that oxygen-sensing enzymes may have regulatory effects on inflammatory signaling pathways such as NF-κB. However, the impact that this has in GI fibroblasts in the context of chronic diseases has not been fully uncovered. Here we discuss the role of fibroblasts in GI diseases, the mediators that have emerged as regulators of their functions and the potential impact of hypoxia in this process, highlighting areas that require further investigation.
ERMP1 as a newly identified endoplasmic reticulum stress gatekeeper in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Correia de Sousa Marta , Arnoux Grégoire , Yvon Raphaël , Maeder Christine , Fournier Margot , Morin Noëlie , Dolicka Dobrochna , Delangre Etienne , Türkal Miranda , Charlemagne Thibault , de Seigneux Sophie , Legouis David , Maechler Pierre , Feraille Eric , Foti Michelangelo , Gjorgjieva Monika
Published: January 2025

Our study reveals an increase in ERMP1 expression in acute and chronic kidney diseases, potentially serving as a protective mechanism against excessive ER stress. Conversely, a decline in ERMP1 expression in the kidney exacerbates age-related chronic kidney disease. Overall, the study enhances our understanding of the role of ERMP1 in kidney pathophysiology, paving the way for future research and therapeutic developments aimed at improving outcomes for patients with kidney diseases.
Fear conditioning modulates the intrinsic excitability of ventral hippocampal CA1 neurons in male rats
Authors: Ehlers Vanessa L. , Yousuf Hanna , Smies Chad W. , Natwora Brendan R. , Moyer James R.
Published: January 2025

This study is the first to characterize ventral hippocampal CA1 physiological firing types in associative fear learning. Distinct intrinsic excitability changes among these populations suggest they contribute uniquely to trace and context fear memory. These findings have important implications for anxiety disorders that depend on the ventral hippocampus and pave the way for future studies to examine how these populations might coordinate with the larger ventral hippocampal network in forming fear associations.
Beyond Citations: Measuring Novel Scientific Ideas and their Impact in Publication Text
Authors: Arts Sam , Melluso Nicola , Veugelers Reinhilde
Published: January 2025

New scientific ideas drive progress, yet measuring scientific novelty remains challenging. We use natural language processing to detect the origin and impact of new ideas in scientific publications. To validate our methods, we analyze No-bel Prize-winning papers, which likely pioneered impactful new ideas, and lit-erature review papers, which typically consolidate existing knowledge. We also show that novel papers have more intellectual neighbors published after them, indicating they are ahead of their intellectual peers. Finally, papers introducing new ideas, particularly those with greater follow-on reuse, attract more citations.
A new species of Mollia (Malvaceae, Grewioideae) from the Brazilian Amazon with a divergent floral morphology
Authors: COSTA MARIA TEREZA R. , FUERTES-AGUILAR JAVIER , GUIMARÃES ELSIE F. , BOVINI MASSIMO G.
Published: January 2025

Here we describe a new species from the Brazilian Amazon, Mollia trimera. This species is mainly distinguished from other species of the genus by flowers with trimerous external whorls (calyx, corolla, and outer androecium), a rare morphological characteristic in Malvaceae. Morphological description, taxonomic comments, illustrations, distribution, habitat, preliminary conservation status, and phenology are provided.
An analytical model for the in-plane elastic shear modulus of plain-woven fabric composites and its application and experimental validation
Authors: Xu Jianxun , Gao Weicheng , Zhou Rui , Liu Guozeng
Published: January 2025

In this paper, a new analytical model is proposed that employs experimental data as input to predict the in-plane shear modulus of plain-woven fabric composites. This model boasts high efficiency and rapid computation. Initially, the composite yarn is considered as an idealized curved beam, with its undulation path described by an arc curve and its cross-section simplified into a lenticular shape. Subsequently, a force analysis of the yarn segment is conducted, and the results of the analytical model are derived using the minimum potential energy principle and Castigliano’s second theorem. The input parameters for the analytical model are obtained through thermal ablation experiments and microscopic observations, with T300/Cycom970 plain-woven fabric composites selected as the experimental subject. In addition, tensile tests on ±45° laminates are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the analytical model. The results demonstrate a minimal deviation of −4.15% between the experimental outcomes and the predictions of the analytical model, thereby verifying the model’s validity and the accuracy of the experimental parameters. Leveraging the validated model, the study investigates the influence of crimp ratio and fiber volume fraction on the in-plane shear modulus. Furthermore, to enhance the applicability of the model, a simplified improvement scheme that incorporates temperature and humidity considerations is proposed. This model not only effectively addresses the mechanical property analysis challenges of plain-woven fabric composites, but also provides valuable references for parameter estimation, model construction and experimental design of other woven composite materials.
Automatic gripping strategy for package yarn end by composite robot based on RGB-D camera
Authors: Gaoping Xu , Yujie Chen , Liu Liu , Yize Sun
Published: January 2025

In the pretreatment process of warping, it is extremely tedious work to take out a large number of package yarn ends from the warping frame and pull them to the warping machine; this task is currently completed manually. To automate this process, in this work, a composite robot equipped with a red-green-blue-depth (RGB-D) camera is adopted to automatically identify, locate, and grasp the package yarn ends on the warping frame. This work builds on previous research, where the yarn end was made to protrude from the package surface through the application of negative pressure. With the aim of addressing the challenge of determining depth accurately, owing to the weak features of single yarn ends, a novel approach is proposed that combines point cloud and image processing to estimate the precise spatial pose of the robot when grasping yarn ends. First, point cloud processing enables precise identification and spatial localization of the circular contour on the package end. Subsequently, image processing, with the introduction of a reinforcement operator for weak features, facilitates extraction of the yarn end and accurate determination of its relative position with the center of the circular contour on the package end. Finally, an automated grasping path for the composite robot is planned, based on geometric information about the spatial circle on the package end and the relative positioning between it and the yarn end. The accuracy of identifying and localizing yarn ends detached from the packages, as well as the effectiveness of the automatic robot gripping strategy, are validated through simulation and experimentation.
Suhexiang pill for acute ischemic stroke in real-world practice setting (SUNRISE): protocol of a multicenter registry
Authors: Lai Xinxing , Xiong Xuejiao , Jia Qi , Liu Tingting , Yang Zhaowen , Zhang Chi , Kong Lingbo , Cao Kegang , Dong Ting , Fang Caixia , Ge Jianwen , Dong Li , Zong Zhitao , Chen Sisi , Ma Yuhong , Bai Xue , Wu Dahua , Xie Yao , Zhang Mingyan , Wang Yilong , Jiang Guohui , Song Daqiao , Wang Yanping , Gui Chunyan , Geng Qingwen , Gao Ying ,   for the SUNRISE study investigators
Published: January 2025

Background

Suhexiang (SHX) pill is widely used for treating acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Experimental and randomized controlled trials suggested that SHX pill was beneficial for patients with AIS. However, the effectiveness of SHX pill in real-world practice setting remains unclear. It is of great importance to investigate the effectiveness and safety of SHX pill in patients with acute ischemic stroke in real-world clinical practice with long-term follow-up.

Methods

The Suhexiang pill for acute ischemic stroke in Real-world Practice Setting (SUNRISE) is a multicenter, prospective, product-specific, observational study designed to provide insight into the administration of SHX pill for patients with AIS in the real-world clinical practice setting, with an initial sample size of 1000. Eligible patients treated with SHX pill within seven days of AIS onset will be consecutively included in this registry. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients independent at 3 months after stroke onset defined by an mRS score of 0, 1, or 2.

Conclusion

The findings of the SUNRISE registry will not only provide insights into the characteristics of patients who may benefit from SHX treatment, but also may enable the individualized treatment decision-making of SHX pill in real-world practice setting.

Study registration

This study was registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov (URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/, Unique identifier: NCT05833932).
Bioactivity-guided isolation and molecular modeling of the anti-inflammatory constituents from the leaves of Duranta erecta Linn.
Authors: Sobhy Marina , Kirollos Farid N. , AbouZid Sameh F. , Ismail Nasser S. M. , El-Shiekh Riham A. , Abdel-Sattar Essam
Published: January 2025

Duranta erecta Linn. belongs to the Verbenaceae family and is primarily found in subtropical, tropical, and temperate climates. The plant has been reported to contain a variety of phytoconstituents, including iridoid glycosides, flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, alkaloids, phenolics, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, and saponins. In this investigation, a bioactivity-guided isolation was used to isolate cyclooxygenases (COXs) and lipoxygenase (LOX)-inhibiting compounds from the leaves of Duranta erecta Linn. Duranterectoside A (1), lamiide (2), and apigenin 4’,7-dimethyl ether (3) were identified employing spectroscopic methods (including ESI-MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR), and by comparing with existing literature data. This is the first report of metabolitrs from D. erecta inhibiting both LOX and COX enzymes. Furthermore, the isolated compounds were analyzed using computerized virtual screening, which enabled the modelling ADME characteristics, molecular docking, and dynamics simulation. The results demonstrated that compound 1 had greater docking scores than the docked lead compounds. Overall, the data reported in this study add to our understanding of the pharmacological properties of the examined plant and Duranterectoside A (1) and pave the way for future research and investigation in inflammation and drug discovery.
A new approach to off-gas analysis for shaken bioreactors showing high CTR and RQ accuracy
Authors: Schulte Andreas , Brockmann Janik , Müller Nina , Anderlei Tibor , Büchs Jochen
Published: January 2025

Background

Shake flasks are essential tools in biotechnological development due to their cost efficiency and ease of use. However, a significant challenge is the miniaturization of process analytical tools to maximize information output from each cultivation. This study aimed to develop a respiration activity online measurement system via off-gas analysis, named “Transfer rate Online Measurement” (TOM), for determining the oxygen transfer rate (OTR), carbon dioxide transfer rate (CTR), and the respiration quotient (RQ) in surface-aerated bioreactors, primarily targeting shake flasks.

Results

Sensors for off-gas analysis were placed in a bypass system that avoids the shaking of the electronics and sensors. An electrochemical oxygen sensor and an infrared CO2 sensor were used. The bypass system was combined with the established method of recurrent dynamic measurement phases, evaluating the decrease in oxygen and the increase in CO2 during stopped aeration. The newly developed measurement system showed high accuracy, precision and reproducibility among individual flasks, especially regarding CTR measurement. The system was compared with state-of-the-art RAMOS technology (Respiration Activity Monitoring System, see explanation below) and calibrated with a non-biological model system. The accuracy of RQ measurement was +-4% for the tested range (8% filling volume, OTR and CTR: 0–56 mmol/L/h), allowing for the determination of metabolic switches and quantitative analysis of metabolites. At ambient CO2 levels, a CTR resolution of less than 0.01 mmol/L/h was possible. The system was applied to the microbial model systems S. cerevisiae, G. oxydans, and E. coli. Physiological states, such as growth vs. protein production, could be revealed, and quantitative analysis of metabolites was performed, putting focus on RQ measurements.

Conclusions

The developed TOM system showcases a novel approach to measuring OTR, CTR, and RQ in shaken bioreactors. It offers a robust and accurate solution for respiration activity analysis. Due to its flexible design and tunable accuracy, it enables measurement in various applications and different shake flasks.
Effect of temperature cycles on the sleep-like state in Hydra vulgaris
Authors: Sato Aya , Sekiguchi Manabu , Nakada Koga , Yoshii Taishi , Itoh Taichi Q.
Published: January 2025

Background

Sleep is a conserved physiological phenomenon across species. It is mainly controlled by two processes: a circadian clock that regulates the timing of sleep and a homeostat that regulates the sleep drive. Even cnidarians, such as Hydra and jellyfish, which lack a brain, display sleep-like states. However, the manner in which environmental cues affect sleep-like states in these organisms remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects of light and temperature cycles on the sleep-like state in Hydra vulgaris.

Results

Our findings indicate that Hydra responds to temperature cycles with a difference of up to 5° C, resulting in decreased sleep duration under light conditions and increased sleep duration in dark conditions. Furthermore, our results reveal that Hydra prioritizes temperature changes over light as an environmental cue. Additionally, our body resection experiments show tissue-specific responsiveness in the generation ofthe sleep-like state under different environmental cues. Specifically, the upper body can generate the sleep-like state in response to a single environmental cue. In contrast, the lower body did not respond to 12-h light–dark cycles at a constant temperature.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that both light and temperature influence the regulation of the sleep-like state in Hydra. Moreover, these observations highlight the existence of distinct regulatory mechanisms that govern patterns of the sleep-like state in brainless organisms, suggesting the potential involvement of specific regions for responsiveness of environmental cues for regulation of the sleep-like state.
UAV swarms: research, challenges, and future directions
Authors: Alqudsi Yunes , Makaraci Murat
Published: January 2025

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarms represent a transformative advancement in aerial robotics, leveraging collaborative autonomy to enhance operational capabilities. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of UAV swarm infrastructure, recent research advancements, and diverse applications. Key areas such as coordinated path planning, task assignment, formation control, and security considerations are examined, highlighting how Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are integrated to improve decision-making and adaptability. Applications span civilian sectors, including entertainment, infrastructure inspection, and delivery services, as well as military applications in surveillance, combat support, and logistics. The paper addresses technical challenges, regulatory constraints, and ethical considerations, while outlining future directions focused on scalability, robustness, and societal integration. This review consolidates the evolving landscape of UAV swarms, identifying critical challenges and guiding future research endeavors.
Pressure effect on wave propagation in saturated porous rocks with aligned fractures
Authors: Wang Wen-Hao , Li Sheng-Qing , Guo Junxin , Zhang Chengsen , Wu Xingneng , Su Yuan-Da , Tang Xiao-Ming
Published: January 2025

Rock fracturing is widespread in the upper crust of the earth. Nearly all in-situ rocks are subject to subsurface pressures. Understanding the influence of effective pressure (difference between confining stress and pore pressure) on the elastic properties of fractured rocks is crucial for estimating in-situ seismic properties. Wave-Induced Fluid Flow (WIFF) and fracture Elastic Scattering (ES) attenuation mechanisms have been widely studied. However, the effects of effective pressure on WIFF and ES mechanisms in fractured rocks are relatively unexplored. To investigate the pressure influence on WIFF and ES in P and SV wave propagation, we developed a pressure-dependent dynamic model to incorporate Multi-shaped Microcracks' Squirt Flow (MMSF), Fracture-Background WIFF (FB-WIFF), Biot Flow, and ES mechanisms with non-linear elastic and hyper-elastic deformation stages. The results show that both the WIFF and ES mechanisms are affected by effective pressure, except for the ES mechanism of normal incident SV waves. The WIFF is more susceptible to effective pressure than the ES mechanism. In addition, the closure of microcracks (soft pores) during effective pressure loading continuously decouples the MMSF mechanism from the FB-WIFF, Biot Flow, and ES mechanisms, causing the increase in the velocity of the P- and SV- waves and the variations in the attenuation processes. These wave propagation characteristics help to understand the hydraulic properties of in-situ fractured rocks. By comparing model predictions with ultrasonic laboratory velocity data under varying effective pressure loading, we validated our model.
Genetics in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency and Clinical Implications
Authors: Concolino Paola , Falhammar Henrik
Published: January 2025

Of all congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), 95% to 99% is 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD), an autosomal recessive disease. 21OHD is due to an insufficiency of 21-hydroxylase enzyme, which is encoded by the CYP21A2 gene and involved in cortisol and aldosterone production. The clinical presentation differs widely from severe classic to mild nonclassic CAH. 21OHD represents one of the most complex and at the same time intriguing topics in human genetics and its molecular diagnosis involves ongoing challenges. To provide a meticulous presentation of the topic, we searched the past and present literature, including original articles and reviews from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus, using search terms for genetics of 21OHD, 21OHD variants, molecular diagnosis of 21OHD, and 21OHD genetic testing. We offer a comprehensive review focusing on recent developments, new concepts, and conclusions.
WildPose: A long-range 3D wildlife motion capture system
Authors: Muramatsu Naoya , Shin Sangyun , Deng Qianyi , Markham Andrew , Patel Amir
Published: January 2025

Understanding and monitoring wildlife behavior is crucial in ecology and biomechanics, yet challenging due to the limitations of current methods. To address this issue, we introduce WildPose, a novel long-range motion capture system specifically tailored for free-ranging wildlife observation. This system combines an electronically controllable zoom-lens camera with a LiDAR to capture both 2D videos and 3D point cloud data, thereby allowing researchers to observe high-fidelity animal morphometrics, behavior and interactions in a completely remote manner. Field trials conducted in Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (South Africa) have successfully demonstrated WildPose's ability to quantify morphological features of different species, accurately track the 3D movements of a springbok herd over time, and observe the respiratory patterns of a distant lion. By facilitating non-intrusive, long-range 3D data collection, WildPose marks a significant complementary technique in ecological and biomechanical studies, offering new possibilities for conservation efforts and animal welfare, and enriching the prospects for interdisciplinary research.
Robotic Anatomical Segment VIII Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using the Scissor Hepatectomy Technique
Authors: Birgin Emrullah , Rahbari Nuh N.
Published: January 2025

Background

Robotic hepatectomy has been increasingly adopted for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the ideal technique of parenchymal transection in robotic hepatectomy has been a matter of ongoing debate in literature.

Patients and Methods

In this video, we demonstrate the technique of robotic anatomical segment VIII resection using the scissor hepatectomy technique1 for parenchymal transection on a 75-year-old male patient with a solitary HCC lesion. The patient had viral hepatitis (chronic hepatitis B infection) with a compensated liver cirrhosis and a new solitary 40 mm lesion on cross-sectional imaging. The AFP-negative lesion was biopsied, and the diagnosis of HCC was confirmed. A primary surgery was considered by a multidisciplinary tumor conference. We performed a pure robotic segmentectomy on the DaVinci Xi-system.

Results

An intrahepatic Glissonean pedicle approach was performed. Segment VIII pedicles were accessed and taken down with clips. Parenchymal transection was performed using robotic scissors with the intermittent Pringle maneuver and indocyanine green-fluorescence guiding. The middle hepatic vein and the right hepatic vein were preserved. There was a total blood loss of 300 ml. The postoperative course was uneventful. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 6 with no signs of recurrence on 3-month follow-up.

Conclusions

Robotic anatomical resection of segment VIII using the scissor hepatectomy technique is safe and feasible. Prospective studies are warranted to compare robotic parenchymal transection techniques using various devices.
Risk factors of intimate partner violence in women attending a community-based sexual health center: Perceived discrimination as a key factor
Authors: Apostolidou Anna , Triantafyllidou Stavroula , Vlachodimitropoulos Rodriguez Clara , Siamitrou Paraskevi , Protopapas Konstantinos , Papadopetrakis Georgios , Paspalakis Andreas , Ntinopoulou Evangelia , Matis Stergios , Manolopoulou Amalia , Koutsi Georgia , Vegkos Nikos , Aslanis Andreas , Antoniadou Anastasia , Canellopoulos Lissy , Poulios Antonios
Published: January 2025

Gender-based violence (GBV), specifically intimate partner violence (IPV), is a global problem that predominantly impacts women. This study aimed to investigate IPV among women visiting community sexually transmitted infections’ prevention and testing centers in Athens and Thessaloniki, Greece. A sample of 187 cis and trans women filled out a questionnaire on perceived discrimination, IPV, and involvement in sexualized drug and alcohol use (SDU and SAU). Results revealed that 39.8% of women reported IPV experiences, and those who experienced IPV reported higher levels of perceived discrimination based on gender. Additionally, women reporting IPV experiences were more likely to engage in SDU and SAU. The study highlights the importance of addressing gender inequality, discrimination, and substance use when designing interventions and support services for IPV survivors. Implementing IPV screening and support services in healthcare settings, especially in inclusive community-based centers, could contribute to early detection and prevention efforts.
A unique combination of coping strategies promotes each domain of post-traumatic growth during COVID-19: Differences between community residents and healthcare workers
Authors: Kalaitzaki Argyroula , Tamiolaki Alexandra , Tsouvelas George
Published: January 2025

Undeniably the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unprecedented threats and severe traumas for human beings. However, for a proportion of people, the struggle with this crisis has led to positive mental health outcomes, known as posttraumatic growth (PTG). This study compared the PTG levels between community residents and healthcare workers (HCWs) across two time points and identified the coping strategies that promote each PTG domain separately. An online questionnaire was administered to 2,437 respondents (499 and 253 HCWs and 1157 and 528 community residents, at timepoints 1 and 2, respectively). The Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory assessed the five PTG domains and the Brief COPE the coping strategies. After controlling for gender, age, and education, ANCOVA showed a significant interaction effect; although HCWs had lower scores on PTG compared to community residents at T1, at T2 they had significantly higher scores. The coping strategies of positive reframing and religion positively predicted all PTG domains among both groups. Denial was the third most frequently used strategy, followed by active coping. On the other hand, certain coping strategies were unique predictors of specific PTG domains or groups. Self‒Distraction predicted community residents’ Personal Strength (also Behavioral Disengagement) and Appreciation of life, Emotional Support predicted community residents’ Relating to others and HCWs’ Appreciation of life, and self-blame predicted HCWs’ Relating to others and Personal Strength. The identification of these compilations of coping strategies for each PTG domain can guide preventive training programs targeting specific coping strategies that need to be enhanced in each sampling group.
Experiences Using Media Health Claims to Teach Evidence-Based Practice to Healthcare Students: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Elvsaas Ida-Kristin Orjasaeter , Myrhaug Hilde Tinderholt , Garnweidner-Holme Lisa , Kasper Jürgen , Dahlgren Astrid , Molin Marianne
Published: January 2025

Background A multifaceted and interactive teaching approach is recommended for achieving proficiency in evidence-based practice, with critical thinking considered vital for connecting theory and practice. In this context, we advocate the strategic use of health claims in media to promote critical thinking and provide an accessible entry point to evidence-based practice for early-stage university healthcare students. Method We conducted a convergent mixed methods study, including a cross-sectional survey with structured and open-ended questions as well as focus group interviews, at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, during the 2020-2021 academic year. Participants were bachelor’s students in bioengineering, physiotherapy, social education, and occupational therapy. We employed a blended learning approach, combining digital learning resources, teaching in critical assessment of health claims and evidence-based practice, and a concurrent group exam assignment centered around health news. The outcome measures included students’ experiences integrating health claims into evidence-based practice teaching and their experiences with teaching approaches, including the group exam. Results Out of 446 participants, 136 (30.5%) responded to the structured questions in the survey. In response to the open-ended questions within the survey, 109 (80.1%) of the respondents shared positive experiences about the course, while 98 (72%) suggested improvements. Additionally, 25 students participated in focus group interviews. Synthesizing the results, we found that students viewed the inclusion of health claim assessment as a useful entry point for learning evidence-based practice. In addition, both the blended learning design and the group exam were identified as contributors to a positive perception of learning outcomes from the course. Conclusions Integrating critical reflection on media health claims into evidence-based practice education, alongside a blended learning approach and a group exam, may be beneficial for educating bachelor’s healthcare students. However, further rigorous study designs are needed to assess the effect of the course on learning outcomes. Registration DOI 10.5281/zenodo.6985449
Monacolin K as a Natural Alternative for Synthetic Statins
Authors: Kozakiewicz Julia , Okońska Aleksandra , Ziemba Michał , Kościelecki Kamil , Kalisz Agnieszka , Krakowiak Magdalena , Kaczmarek Aleksandra
Published: January 2025

Introduction: This review paper aims to verify the safety of monacolin K, examine the effect on blood cholesterol levels, discuss the contribution to the reduction of cardiovascular risk and indicate examples of pleiotropic effects of this substance.
Materials and methods: A review of chosen literature in the PubMed database was conducted, using the following key words: ,,Monacolin K”, ,,Hypercholesterolemia’’, ,,Red yeast rice’’, ,,Supplementation’’.
Summary: Monacolin K is considered to be natural statin contained in fermented red rice or oyster mushroom. The use of monacolin K may contribute to the development of mild muscle pain or rhabdomyolysis, but it is noticed less frequently than in treatment with synthetic statins. In addition, there are also concerns about liver and/or kidney damage, headaches and/or dizziness, musculoskeletal symptoms and gastrointestinal disturbances in some people, especially when high doses of monacolin K are used. Monacolin K lowers the level of cholesterol in the blood and contributes to reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, monacolin K has anti-inflammatory effects and anti-cancer mechanisms.
Conclusions: Monacolin K improves the lipid profile by lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels which indirectly reduces the cardiovascular risk with less frequently observed side effects. Monacolin K has many pleiotropic effects like anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer mechanisms by inhibiting  cancer cell proliferation and stimulating apoptosis. It should be emphasized that the long-term safety of regular use of these preparations has not been fully documented. Some people taking these supplements experience side effects similar to those seen with statins. Both health benefits and side effects should be further investigated in future studies.
Burnout among Physicians: Prevalence, Contributing Factors and Solutions: A Review of Literature
Authors: Grotowska Magdalena , Łukasiewicz Martyna , Strawińska Aleksandra , Wydro Maria
Published: January 2025

The state of burnout is a nuanced condition primarily connected to enduring occupational stress, defined by emotional drain, disconnection from others, and a lesser feeling of personal competence. Identified by the World Health Organization as a critical concern within workplace, burnout is particularly widespread among healthcare professionals, attributed to rigorous workloads, bureaucratic obstacles, and inadequate support systems. This paper examines the underlying factors contributing to burnout- occupational, institutional, and individual aspects, and highlights the consequences for both healthcare providers and patient care. The analysis suggests that burnout adversely impacts both the psychological and physical health of medical workers and reduces the quality of patient care, consequently heightening systemic inefficiencies in the healthcare system. Furthermore, this research intends to delve into various individual, organizational, and systemic methods crafted to mitigate burnout, stressing the need for integrated interventions that cultivate resilience and advance well-being for healthcare practitioners. By examining the intricate aspects of burnout, this study aspires to impact policy and practice, consequently improving the standard of care and cultivating a healthier work environment in medical sector.
La maternidad no deseada y la histeria femenina: cuerpo femenino-maternal en Eva Luna y La isla bajo el mar de Isabel Allende.
Authors: Peng Yuyun
Published: January 2025

El presente estudio se centra en dos personajes
secundarios de las novelas de Isabel Allende: la
Madrina en Eva Luna (1987) y Eugenia García
del Solar en La isla bajo el mar (2009). A través
de una perspectiva feminista y postcolonial,
se analiza cómo sus cuerpos femeninos
reflejan las tensiones sociales y culturales
que permeabilizan las sociedades jerárquicas
de América Latina. La histeria femenina y la
maternidad no deseada se interpretan como
expresiones de la violencia estructural que
subordina a las mujeres debido a su capacidad
reproductiva. Aunque los contextos históricos
de estos personajes son distintos, ambos
revelan la persistencia de la colonialidad y el
control patriarcal. Asimismo, muestran cómo
sus cuerpos se convierten en espacios de
resistencia, desafiando las normas impuestas
sobre feminidad y maternidad. El análisis
destaca que las experiencias de opresión y
resistencia de estos personajes transforman
sus cuerpos en verdaderos campos de batalla,
donde enfrentan fuerzas como el patriarcado,
el racismo y el mestizaje hegemónico,
fragmentando así sus identidades. El estudio
revela que, a pesar de la distancia temporal
entre ambos personajes, las historias de
la Madrina y Eugenia exponen dinámicas
de poder que continúan configurando las
jerarquías de género, raza y clase en la
América Latina colonial y postcolonial.