bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LICHTENSTEIN MESH REPAIR VS NON MESH TISSUE REPAIR DESARDAS TECHNIQUE FOR INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR
Authors:   Professor and HOD, Department of General Surgery, M.R Medical College, Kalaburagi, Karnataka., Patil Rajshekhar , Patil Jyothi ,   Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, M.R Medical College, Kalaburagi, Karnataka., Pujari Prachi ,   Senior Resident, Department of General Surgery, M.R Medical College, Kalaburagi, Karnataka., Patil Prateek ,   Postgraduate Resident, Department of General Surgery, M.R Medical College, Kalaburagi, Karnataka.
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Inguinal hernia is one of the most common problems encountered in surgery OPD with the necessity of surgicaloperationinutmost cases[1], multitudinous procedures have been proposed for inguinal hernia surgery like Bassinis, Shouldice and other tissue repair techniques. Now generally used procedure is Lichtenstein tension-free mesh technique[2]. Desardasmethod is tissue-related procedure of herniasurgery using an undetached strip of external oblique aponeurosis to strengthen the posterior wall of the inguinalcanal. This study deals with the comparison ofthe Lichtenstein technique and Desardas technique for uncomplicated inguinal hernia[9,10,11]. Aim: To find the Effectiveness of Non-Mesh tissue technique(Desarda) in comparison with mesh technique(Lichtenstein) Settings and Design: Prospective study. Materials and methods: All cases with age ranging from 21 years to 60 years with uncomplicated inguinal hernia admitted to the Department of General Surgery of our institute, between August- 2021 and July- 2022 were included. Results: It was observed that there was no significant difference in the rate of recurrence, inguinodynia between Lichtensteins technique and Desardas technique of inguinal hernia surgery. The mean duration of stay in hospital and mean duration return to normal activities was more in cases who underwent surgery by Lichtensteins technique. Complications like surgical site infection, seroma, haematomaandpost-operative pain on 1st, 3rd and 5th day were more in cases who underwent surgery by Lichtenstein technique than compared to Desardas technique. Conclusion:Desardas no mesh technique was observed with similar results to Lichtensteins mesh technique in terms of recurrence of hernia and post-operative morbidity. Desardas group showed improved results when compared to Lichtenstein group in terms of immediate postoperative pain, inguinodynia, surgical site infections, hospital stay duration and the time taken to return to normal life activities. Desardas no mesh procedure may be considered as a substitute to Lichtensteinsmesh repair to avoid long-term meshrelated morbidity for uncomplicated inguinal hernias.
Green jobs as an ethical alternative to achieve a low carbon economy
Authors: Schneider Patrick Verfe , Sugahara Cibele Roberta , Silva Luiz Henrique Vieira da
Published: February 2023

The world has increasingly demanded work alternatives that allow the combination of human capacities and potentials aimed at sustainable development and the decarbonization of business activities. Elaborated as a sustainable alternative, finding environmental protection and raising decent work, Green Jobs emerges as an ethical solution supporting a low carbon economy. Initiatives by global entities such as the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the International Labor Organization (ILO), the International Employers' Organization (IOE) and the International Trade Union Confederation (CSI), present elements that are essential for the discussions and the articulation between contemporary concepts, in order to direct sustainable economic progress and social well-being. Therefore, the present work has shown initiatives that are moving towards a transition to a low carbon economy, based on economic activities that favor decarbonization, with a focus on the renewable energy sector in Brazil. The research method is characterized as qualitative with documentary procedure. As a result, the potential generation of green jobs stands out, especially in emerging countries, highlighting the possibilities of it to this sector in the Brazilian context. It was concluded that economic activities based on the green economy can generate new forms of production intended towards sustainable development, covering more dimensions than just the environmental one
Gestão dos Resíduos Sólidos Durante a Pandemia de Covid-19: Uma Revisão da Situação Mundial
Authors: Massuga Flavia , Soares Mangoni Simone , Doliveira Sérgio Luis Dias , Kuzma Edson Luis
Published: February 2023

Dadas as mudanças estruturais e comportamentais evidenciadas em diversos setores decorrentes da pandemia do novo coronavírus, este estudo busca identificar os impactos da pandemia de Covid-19 na gestão dos resíduos sólidos, bem como alternativas relacionadas. Para isso foi realizada uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados ScienceDirect, Scopus e Portal de Periódicos Capes com a utilização da metodologia Methodi Ordinatio. Ao total, 27 estudos compuseram o portfólio final e foram avaliados. Os resultados denotam os impactos da pandemia na gestão de resíduos associados à geração de EPIs, a resíduos de serviços de saúde e resíduos plásticos, à alteração nos padrões de consumo e geração de resíduos domiciliares e alimentares, à coleta seletiva, bem como a diferenças evidenciadas em países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. Por fim, as recomendações associadas aos pontos em destaque são apresentadas.
The Effectiveness of the Constant Time Delay Procedure in Teaching Reading and Writing with the Sound-Based Sentence Method
Authors: ARI Adnan , DÜZKANTAR Ayten , ERATAY Emine
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The present study was planned since no practical study adapted for individuals with special needs (ISN) was found in teaching reading and writing with the sound-based sentence method (SBSM). There were few studies aimed at teaching reading and writing, and the skills targeted in these studies were limited. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the constant time delay procedure (CTDP) in teaching reading and writing with the sound-based sentence method to individuals with special needs. In addition to the said main purpose, the permanence of reading and writing skills and their generalizability across materials and persons were also examined. Moreover, the opinions of families and teachers of ISN were obtained to collect social validity data.Method: Three INS were included in this study. Of these, two were girls, and one was a boy, all aged seven. They attended the second grade as full-day co-teaching inclusive students and had not learned reading and writing. The study employed a multiple probe design across behaviors, one of the single-subject research designs. The study aimed to teach three behaviors and eighteen sub-behaviors, including six sub-behaviors in each behavior.Findings: The study showed that two participants acquired reading and writing skills in all the sub-behaviors (closed syllables, open syllables, three-letter monosyllables, three-letter two syllables, words, and sentences) of all three behaviors (syllables, words, and sentences consisting of e-l-a-k-i-n sounds, syllables, words, and sentences consisting of o-m-u-t-ü-y sounds, syllables, words, and sentences consisting of the combination of sounds in these two groups [e-l-a-k-i-n-o-m-u-t-ü-y]); that the skills they acquired were permanent; that they generalized these skills across persons and materials, while one participant acquired skills in the first three sub-behaviors (closed syllables, open syllables, three-letter monosyllables) only in the first behavior. Considering the social validity findings of the study, the participants’ families and primary school teachers expressed positive opinions about the study.Discussion: The findings obtained were discussed within the framework of the literature indicating the negative aspects of teaching reading and writing with the SBSM.
Quantitative evaluation of the impact of climate change and human activities on Jialing river runoff changes in the past 60 years, China
Authors: Wang Hongxiang , Ma Yinchu , Yang Huan , Hong Fengtian , Guo Wenxian
Published: February 2023

Runoff is one of the key driving forces of watershed hydrological cycle processes. Quantifying the relative impacts of climate change and human activities on runoff change is critical to clarify the mechanisms of watershed hydrological responses. This study analyses the characteristics of hydrological changes in the Jialing River Basin based on observational data from 1957 to 2017. The degree of runoff change was then quantified with the aid of Indicators of hydrologic alterations and Range of variability approach (IHA-RVA) method. By establishing the Budyko model and comparing the Slope change ratio of accumulative quantity (SCRAQ), the influencing factors of runoff change are quantified. The result: (1) Except for Qu River Basin, the average annual runoff of other basins showed a significant downward trend. 1985 was chosen as the abrupt change year. (2) The overall flow alteration in the basin is 50.87%, which is close to the height change. (3) The effects of climate change and human activities on runoff have some spatial variation. Human activities are the main influence factors, of which the contribution rates to the Fu River Basin, the mainstream of Jialing River, Bailong River Basin, and Qu River Basin are 64.57, 66.31, and 74.17% respectively.
Program and Target Mechanism of Developing Agro-Industrial Complex of the Donetsk People’s Republic
Authors: Kramarenko A. A. , Fomenko A. S.
Published: February 2023

The article studies problems dealing with restoration and social and economic development of the Donetsk People’s Republic. The key line in providing economic growth of the republic is reconstruction of the agro-industrial complex. Recovery and development of agricultural organizations and enterprises of food industry is a crucial vector for ensuring social and economic stability and security of each country. The major goal of the article is to analyze current problems of agro-industrial complex development and to elaborate proposals aimed at its restoration and development. The analysis showed that the most serious factor affecting operation of agro-industrial enterprises is a high degree of manufacturing capacity destruction due to the military conflict. The work of these enterprises is also hindered by the low material and technical support, personnel outflow, etc. Therefore, a low level of enterprise development causes the absence of foods of local production for the population and growth in social tension because of price rise on imported goods. The practical importance of the research consists of working-out a complex of steps aimed at restoration of agro-industrial enterprises on the basis of program and target method. The principle provisions of the mechanism for developing the agroindustrial complex of the Donetsk People’s Republic represent a set of steps on financing the industry target at restoration and putting into operation the strategically important enterprises.
Berberine: Pharmacological Features in Health, Disease and Aging
Authors: Gasmi Amin , Asghar Farah , Zafar Saba , Oliinyk Petro , Khavrona Oksana , Lysiuk Roman , Peana Massimiliano , Piscopo Salva , Antonyak Halyna , Pen Joeri J. , Lozynska Iryna , Noor Sadaf , Lenchyk Larysa , Muhammad Akram , Vladimirova Inna , Dub Natalia , Antoniv Olha , Tsal Oksana , Upyr Taras , Bjørklund Geir
Published: February 2023

Background:

Berberine is the main active compound of different herbs and is defined as
an isoquinoline quaternary botanical alkaloid found in barks and roots of numerous plants. It exhibits
a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anti-obesity and antidiabetic effects. Berberine
has antibacterial activity against a variety of microbiota, including many bacterial species,
protozoa, plasmodia, fungi, and trypanosomes.

Objective:

This review describes the role of berberine and its metabolic effects. It also discusses
how it plays a role in glucose metabolism, fat metabolism, weight loss, how it modulates the gut
microbiota, and what are its antimicrobial properties along with its potential side effects with maximal
tolerable dosage.

Methods:

Representative studies were considered and analyzed from different scientific databases,
including PubMed and Web of Science, for the years 1982-2022.

Results:

Literature analysis shows that berberine affects many biochemical and pharmacological
pathways that theoretically yield a positive effect on health and disease. Berberine exhibits neuroprotective
properties in various neurodegenerative and neuropsychological ailments. Despite its
low bioavailability after oral administration, berberine is a promising tool for several disorders. A
possible hypothesis would be the modulation of the gut microbiome. While the evidence concerning
the aging process in humans is more limited, preliminary studies have shown positive effects in
several models.

Conclusion:

Berberine could serve as a potential candidate for the treatment of several diseases.
Previous literature has provided a basis for scientists to establish clinical trials in humans. However,
for obesity, the evidence appears to be sufficient for hands-on use.
Characterization of Dicaffeoylspermidine Derivatives from Wolfberry as Potent and
Selective Inhibitors of Human Cytochrome P450 46A1 In vitro
Authors: Liu Yong , Wu Jingjing , Du Jie , Liu Jing , Wang Shujuan , Wang Changyuan , Meng Qiang , Sun Huijun , Liu Kexin
Published: February 2023

Background:

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 46A1 enzyme is a neuro-specific metabolic enzyme that converts
cholesterol to 24-hydroxycholesterol. Inhibition of CYP46A1 activity is of great significance to improve neurodegenerative
disorder.

Objective:

The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of wolfberry dicaffeoylspermidine derivatives
on CYP46A1.

Methods:

The inhibitory effect of six wolfberry dicaffeoylspermidine derivatives on CYP46A1 activity was investigated
using cholesterol as a substrate in vitro. Molecular docking was used to simulate the interactions between
wolfberry dicaffeoylspermidine derivatives and CYP46A1.

Results:

Of these spermidines, lycibarbarspermidines D (1) and A (2) showed highly-selective and strong inhibitory
effects on CYP46A1 but not on other human CYP isoforms. Both 1 and 2 exhibit mixed partial competitive inhibition
of CYP46A1, with Ki values of 106 nM and 258 nM, respectively. Notably, 1 and 2 had excellent orientations
within the active cavity of CYP46A1, and both formed three water-hydrogen bonds with W732 and W765, located
near the heme of CYP46A1.

Conclusion:

Compounds 1 and 2 showed a highly-selective and nanomolar affinity for CYP46A1 in vitro. These
findings suggested that compounds 1 and 2 could be used as potent inhibitors of CYP46A1 in vitro.
An Insight into Emerging Begomoviruses and their Satellite Complex
causing Papaya Leaf Curl Disease
Authors: Srivastava Aarshi , Pandey Vineeta , Al-Sadi Abdullah. M. , Shahid Muhammad S. , Gaur R.K.
Published: February 2023

Papaya leaf curl disease (PaLCD) was primarily detected in India and causes major economic
damage to agriculture crops grown globally, seriously threatening food security. Begomoviruses
are communicated by the vector Bemisia tabaci, and their transmission efficiency and persistence in
the vector are the highest, exhibiting the widest host range due to adaptation and evolution. Symptoms
induced during PaLCD include leaf curl, leaf yellowing, interveinal chlorosis, and reduced fruit quality
and yield. Consequently, plants have evolved several multi-layered defense mechanisms to resist
Begomovirus infection and distribution. Subsequently, Begomovirus genomes organise circular ssDNA
of size ~2.5–2.7 kb of overlapping viral transcripts and carry six–seven ORFs encoding multifunctional
proteins, which are precisely evolved by the viruses to maintain the genome-constraint and develop
complex but integrated interactions with a variety of host components to expand and facilitate
successful infection cycles, i.e., suppression of host defense strategies. Geographical distribution is
continuing to increase due to the advent and evolution of new Begomoviruses, and sweep to new regions
is a future scenario. This review summarizes the current information on the biological functions
of papaya-infecting Begomoviruses and their encoded proteins in transmission through vectors and
modulating host-mediated responses, which may improve our understanding of how to challenge these
significant plant viruses by revealing new information on the development of antiviral approaches
against Begomoviruses associated with PaLCD.
2,3-Diarylindoles as COX-2 Inhibitors: Exploring the Structure-activity
Relationship through Molecular Docking Simulations
Authors: Cuppoloni Andrea , Silva João Vitor , Snape Timothy James , Lal Samridhi , Giarolla Jeanine
Published: February 2023

Background:

Arylindole derivatives are promising scaffolds in the design of new drugs. These scaffolds exhibit a wide biological activity, including inhibition of COX-2, antitumor activi-ty, receptor GABA agonism, and estrogen receptor modulation.

Objective:

Taking this into account, this paper presents a study to understand the inhibitory action of certain 2-arylindole derivatives, specifically a series of 2,3-diarylindoles with IC50 values from 0.006 nM to 100 nM, on the COX-2 enzyme and supports its structural-activity relationship (SAR) through molecular docking simulations.

Methods:

Applying molecular modelling, especially molecular docking, we assessed the SAR of a series of 2,3-arylindoles derivatives in the COX-2 enzyme.

Results:

The results indicated that Gly 526 and Phe 381 residues are relevant for improving inhibi-tory activity on para-substituted 3-phenyl- compounds. Arg 120 was also demonstrated to be an im-portant residue for COX-2 inhibition since it enables a π-cation interaction with the best compound in series A5 (experimental IC50 = 0.006 nM determined in advance). Furthermore, COX-2 presents flexibility in some regions of the active site to adequately accommodate 5-substituted compounds containing an indole ring.

Conclusion:

Therefore, such structural features can be used as support for further Structural-Based Drug Design (SBDD) and/or Ligand-Based Drug Design (LBDD) studies on new selective COX-2 inhibitors.
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes Patients
Authors: Amelia Rina , Sari Wahyuni Arlinda , Yunanda Yuki , Wijaya Hendri
Published: February 2023

Background:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally
elevated levels of blood glucose. The hyperglycemic condition is caused by abnormalities in
either insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Two-thirds of diabetes-related deaths are caused by
atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of ASCVD and related factors in
type 2 DM patients in Medan, North Sumatra.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional observational study. A total of 252 DM patients visiting
primary health centers in Medan were recruited after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
The level of risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) was determined by using
ASCVD Risk Calculator. Data required to use this calculator are age, sex, race, total cholesterol,
HDL-C, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, history of diabetes, history of hypertension
treatment, smoking history, and use of statins for anti-hyperlipidemia. The data were then analyzed
with Chi-square Test (p < 0.0%) and processed with SPSS.

Results:

There were 59 (23.41%), 140 (55.56%), and 53 (21.03%) participants who had high,
moderate, and low risks of ASCVD, respectively. Bivariate analysis showed significant association
between risk of ASCVD with age, SBP, total cholesterol level, HDL-C levels, and duration of
diabetes (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, gender and familial history not related to ASCVD risks among
DM patients (p > 0.05).

Conclusion:

The risks for atherosclerotic complications of cardiovascular disease in type 2 DM
patients in Medan were predominantly high. The variables related to ASCVD risks included age,
gender, HbA1C, systolic blood pressure (SBP), total cholesterol levels, HDL-C, and LDL-C levels.
Research Progress on Gene Synthesis and Anticancer and Lipid-lowering Mechanism
of Monacolin K
Authors: Sun Qiu-Wan , Hong Hou-Sheng
Published: February 2023

Monacolin K (MK), also known as lovastatin (LOV), is a secondary metabolite synthesized by Monascus in
the later stage of fermentation and is the main component of functional red yeast rice (RYR). The structure of MK is
similar to 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA), and it can competitively bind to 3-hydroxy-3-
methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), thus reducing the level of blood lipids. MK can affect the expression
of MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB pathway, prepare conjugates with other compounds, and enhance the sensitivity of
cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs so as to induce apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia, prostate cancer, breast cancer,
lung cancer, gastric cancer, and liver cancer. Combined with the synthetic route of MK, this paper summarizes the latest
lipid-lowering and anticancer mechanism of MK, and provides a reference for the application of MK in medicine.
Evaluasi Penambahan Buah Pare (Momordica Charantia) Pada Pakan Terhadap Penampilan Produksi Ayam Pedaging
Authors: Gultom Roselin , Sjofjan Osfar , Sudjarwo Edhy
Published: February 2023

Buah Pare merupakan salah satu tumbuhan dengan banyak manfaat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi penambahan tepung buah pare (Momordica charantia) pakan terhadap penampilan produksi ayam pedaging. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian percobaan lapang pada 150 ekor ayam pedaging, dengan menggunakan 6 perlakuan (P0: Pakan basal + antibiotik Zink bacitracin; P1: Pakan basal + 0% tepung Buah Pare; P2: Pakan basal + 0.25% Tepung Buah Pare; P3: Pakan basal + 0.5% Tepung Buah Pare; P4: Pakan basal + 0.75% Tepung Buah Pare; P5: Pakan basal + 1% Tepung Buah Pare) dan 5 ulangan. Setiap unit percobaan terdiri dari 5 ekor ayam pedaging unsex strain Lohmann. Evaluasi pada penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan konsumsi pakan, Pertambahan Bobot Badan, Konversi Pakan, Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC), dan Indeks Produksi ayam pedaging. Penambahan tepung buah pare tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap konsumsi, konversi pakan, deplesi, indeks produksi, dan IOFC ayam pedaging, namun memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertambahan bobot badan (P<0.05). Penambahan 0.5% tepung buah pare pada pakan menghasilkan konversi pakan dan IOFC terbaik.
Biological self-heating in industrial compost piles: A modelling case study
Authors: Nelson Mark Ian , Hai Faisal
Published: February 2023

We consider a simple 'toy model' for the spontaneous combustion of industrial compost stockpiles. The model is a scalar non-linear differential equation which can be analysed using techniques taught in an introductory subject on non-linear ordinary differential equations. This model was used as a case study in a third year subject. We discuss how students approached some of the questions. Could they transfer their prior knowledge about differential equations to an industrial case study? How would they cope with a problem which required both pen-and-paper and numerical calculations? Students used a variety of approaches but the worked solutions only showed one. It would be beneficial for students to see that there is not one correct method to solve such problems.
References

B. Barnes and G. R. Fulford. Mathematical modelling with case studies: Using Maple and Matlab. Third edition. CRC Press, 2015. doi: 10.1201/b17896
M. I. Nelson, E. Balakrishnan, and X. D. Chen. A Semenov model of self-heating in compost piles. In: Process Safety Environ. Protect. 81 (2003), pp. 375–383. doi: 10.1205/095758203770224414
Strategies to Improve the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Health Equity: Scoping Review
Authors: Berdahl Carl Thomas , Baker Lawrence , Mann Sean , Osoba Osonde , Girosi Federico
Published: February 2023

Background

Emerging artificial intelligence (AI) applications have the potential to improve health, but they may also perpetuate or exacerbate inequities.

Objective

This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the health equity issues related to the use of AI applications and identify strategies proposed to address them.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Web of Science, the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Xplore Digital Library, ProQuest U.S. Newsstream, Academic Search Complete, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) website, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify academic and gray literature related to AI and health equity that were published between 2014 and 2021 and additional literature related to AI and health equity during the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 and 2021. Literature was eligible for inclusion in our review if it identified at least one equity issue and a corresponding strategy to address it. To organize and synthesize equity issues, we adopted a 4-step AI application framework: Background Context, Data Characteristics, Model Design, and Deployment. We then created a many-to-many mapping of the links between issues and strategies.

Results

In 660 documents, we identified 18 equity issues and 15 strategies to address them. Equity issues related to Data Characteristics and Model Design were the most common. The most common strategies recommended to improve equity were improving the quantity and quality of data, evaluating the disparities introduced by an application, increasing model reporting and transparency, involving the broader community in AI application development, and improving governance.

Conclusions

Stakeholders should review our many-to-many mapping of equity issues and strategies when planning, developing, and implementing AI applications in health care so that they can make appropriate plans to ensure equity for populations affected by their products. AI application developers should consider adopting equity-focused checklists, and regulators such as the FDA should consider requiring them. Given that our review was limited to documents published online, developers may have unpublished knowledge of additional issues and strategies that we were unable to identify.
Direct and Indirect Predictors of Medication Adherence With Bipolar Disorder: Path Analysis
Authors: Cohen Bar , Sixsmith Andrew , Pollock Star Ariel , Haglili Ophir , O'Rourke Norm
Published: February 2023

Background

Despite the efficacy of treatment and severity of symptoms, medication adherence by many with bipolar disorder (BD) is variable at best. This poses a significant challenge for BD care management.

Objective

For this study, we set out to identify psychosocial and psychiatric predictors of medication adherence with BD.

Methods

Using microtargeted social media advertising, we recruited an international sample of young and older adults with BD living in North America (Canada and the United States), Western Europe (eg, United Kingdom and Ireland), Australia and New Zealand (N=92). On average, participants were 55.35 (SD 9.65; range 22-73) years of age, had been diagnosed with BD 14.25 (SD 11.14; range 1-46) years ago, and were currently prescribed 2.40 (SD 1.28; range 0-6) psychotropic medications. Participants completed questionnaires online including the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale.

Results

Medication adherence did not significantly differ across BD subtypes, country of residence, or prescription of lithium versus other mood stabilizers (eg, anticonvulsants). Path analyses indicate that alcohol misuse and subjective or perceived cognitive failures are direct predictors of medication adherence. BD symptoms, psychological well-being, and the number of comorbid psychiatric conditions emerged as indirect predictors of medication adherence via perceived cognitive failures.

Conclusions

Alcohol misuse did not predict perceived cognitive failures. Nor did age predict medication adherence or cognitive failures. This is noteworthy given the 51-year age range of participants. That is, persons in their 20s with BD reported similar levels of medication adherence and perceived cognitive failures as those in their 60s. This suggests that perceived cognitive loss is a facet of adult life with BD, in contrast to the assumption that accelerated cognitive aging with BD begins in midlife.
Aducanumab for Alzheimer's disease: A regulatory perspective (Preprint)
Authors: Shah Khevna
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

The most common reason for dementia, which is marked by a continuous decline in mental, behavioral, and social skills and reduces a person's capacity for independent functioning though the uncertainties remain regarding the precise etiology of Alzheimer's. There are 3 stages of the disease- Mild, Moderate, Severe. Aducanumab is a newly developed drug approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's. In June 2021, the FDA approved aducanumab for the treatment of Alzheimer's. This drug was approved on the basis of FDA’s accelerated Pathway.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to determined the regulatory perspective in development of drug, challenges faced by FDA in drug approval and the clinical trials results.

METHODS

Information for this review was gathered from published works as well as publicly available documents from the government and regulatory agencies. Search terms related to aducanumab, immunotherapy, antibodies, anti-beta-amyloid therapy, memory loss, treatment and mild cognitive impairment. Using platforms like Web of Science, Medline, Google Scholar, Pubmed, FDA websites, and the manufacturer's website, clinical trials, reviews, and updates on aducanumab in AD patients have been published.

RESULTS

These preliminary studies of the drug demonstrate its efficacy in decline in amyloid plaque from the brain as well as its potential advantage in delaying cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients. Following the phase 1B (PRIME) trial's encouraging findings, two 18-month phase III ENGAGE and EMERGE. The ADCS-ADL scale also revealed a 40% slower rate of functional deterioration as compared to the placebo group, while the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) test revealed an 87% decrease in behavioral changes from baseline scores, particularly in the EMERGE high-dose group. The ENGAGE study, on the other hand, failed to demonstrate any dose-dependent advantage of pharmacological therapy over placebo. The drug is still in the phase 4 trial.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusion:
Aducanumab regularly and strongly demonstrated a dose- and time-dependent decrease in the amount of amyloid plaques in the brain. This indication has been given accelerated approval. The controversies surrounding the FDA's approval of aducanumab, however, the issues raised by the FDA's approval of aducanumab significance further investigation in order to restore public confidence in the review process, not only for aducanumab's potential promise but, more importantly, for the upcoming formation of desperately needed disease-modifying therapies for this emerging conditions.
What is the impact of covid-19 on the Tunisian supply chain? (Preprint)
Authors: Elleuch Fadwa
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

This article aims to provide rough orders of magnitude of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the functioning of Tunisian businesses. Based on a sample of 192 Tunisian companies, the results showed a sharp contraction in inactivity due to the disruption of the various links in the supply chain following the generalized confinement of the population and the closure of borders.

OBJECTIVE

: Overall, this study contributes both to the study of the effect of COVID-19 on the Supply Chain and to the implications of the literature in this area and has important practical implications.

METHODS

: We therefore sought to find out which links in the supply chain were the most impacted. To do this, the K-means offers the possibility of carrying out the analysis of variance (ANOVA).

RESULTS

The findings suggest that the analysis of the results makes it possible to detect the manifest existence of specific operating models.

CONCLUSIONS

: The study then shed light on the situation of the supply chain of companies. Four behavior patterns were detected. Maintaining a fluid and regular relationship with suppliers and customers has pushed companies to implement technological solutions to manage flows and maintain the relationship.

CLINICALTRIAL

The complexity of supply chains makes the development of commercial transactions fragile. This context offers, on another level, a multitude of opportunities for new structures and new business models.
Post-COVID-19 is a major challenge for the national economic fabric. The crisis has encouraged the renewal of management methods. Working remotely and in collaborative mode, revising its processes, automating and securing them, making its information system agile and reliable… become the levers of operational excellence and a tremendous step forward.
Reflexiones en torno a la salvaguardia de lenguas desde una perspectiva de derechos lingüísticos
Authors: Ibáñez Bravo María Elena
Published: February 2023

En este ensayo se reflexiona sobre la propuesta de salvaguardia de las lenguas y su tradición oral como lo plantea la Convención para la Salvaguardia del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial de la Unesco, con el propósito de dimensionar sus alcances desde una perspectiva sociolingüística y de derechos lingüísticos. A partir de dicha reflexión se hace énfasis en la documentación de la tradición oral como parte de las acciones en las que se ha enfocado principalmente la salvaguardia de lenguas, y se propone desarrollar metodologías multifuncionales alineadas a los marcos de derecho indígena que visibilicen la diversidad lingüística y cultural como parte del reconocimiento de los derechos lingüísticos de los hablantes.
How Games Aid in Teaching Real-World Complex Skills: Positive Impact of Gaming
Authors: Pilaniwala Pankaj
Published: February 2023

Abstract: This paper analyzes various skills that youths shall be taught in school or universities. These skills are not mathematical or coding skills but real-life skills that everyone needs in their personal and professional life, both. Historically, educational institutes have struggled to teach these skills to the youths. The author picks these skills and see it through the lens of different gaming genre and analyzes how the skill can be taught by games. The author analyzes the same, presents arguments, gaming examples and cites different research done in this area to show how gaming can not only teach certain skills that are required by everyone in their real-life but also it can help students master the same. Author also analyzes different genre of games and present a map to showcase the complexity of the same.
Brief Review on Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Pirdhankar Ms. Swati , Rasal Miss. Kaushali S. , Tasgaonkar Dr. Rupali
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Approximately 422 million people (8.5% of the world's population) have been diagnosed with diabetes, making it one of the top causes of death worldwide. Despite significant efforts being made to find effective treatment options, the prevalence is expected to keep rising. An overview of diabetes mellitus, its management, and the role of various healthcare experts is provided in this article. The incidence is predicted to continue expanding despite great efforts on the means of treatments are exerted. This article provides an overview on diabetes mellitus, its treatment and the role of different healthcare professionals in its management. Diabetes has a direct impact on the development of particular retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, heart vascular, and cerebrovascular illnesses. For many disorders, combination therapy is preferable to monotherapy. For chronic disorders, oral hypoglycemic medication combination therapy is best. Important components of combination therapy include sulfonyl urea, alpha glucosidase inhibitors, biguanides, meglitinides, and thiazolidinediones.
Potency of Yoga Therapy on Physiological Variables in Male’s Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN)
Authors: P Sudhan , Subbiah Babu , Rajagopalan Narendran , Sukumaran Rajeev , G Janaki , Radhakrishnan M , Perumal Suresh , Nagesh Prema , Kalpana L.
Published: February 2023

Peripheral neuropathy, a form of nerve damage brought on by diabetes and abnormally high blood sugar, was one of the chronic consequences. Studies reveal that the prevalence of Diabetes Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is high and riskier in Males than Females. Also, DPN participants have been examined crucially for physiological variables such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure and body mass index. This study aimed to analyze the potency of Yoga therapy on physiological variables in Males of the age group 35 to 70 having DPN. Yoga connects a person's physical, mental, and spiritual aspects to enhance their health and well-being. It has been proven to treat neurological diseases using Yoga therapy by combining the practice of focused posture (asana), controlled breathing (Pranayama), and meditation. Studies proved 30 males with DPN, 15 in each group, were chosen for the study from the Chennai & Chengalpattu district, Tamilnadu, India. The Experimental Group, Group-I, received a Yoga therapy practice and the control group, Group II, underwent it without any practice. The 12-week training period, six days per week, an hour in the morning. Paired sample t-test was conducted to analyze the data. The calculated 't' value of systolic, diastolic and BMI are 3.486, 2.828, and 1.060, respectively, for Group I and -0.371, -1.547, and -1.792 for Group II. The result shows that the negative t value of Group II shows no significant change in the physiological variables, and Group I data shows a significant improvement in the physiological variables. The calculated 't' value is greater than the table value of 2.14 with a degree of freedom of 14, except for BMI. An extension of the training period is suggested to improve the BMI value. This research study reveals that Yoga Therapy was a significantly more effective treatment for DPN.
Philosophies of Family Medicine: Piloting an Innovative Clerkship Curriculum
Authors: Stone Leslie , Brown G. Austin , Jarrett Diane M. , Snellgrove Bailey , Ventres William
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives: In order to emphasize the role family medicine plays in providing robust primary care in functioning health care systems, we piloted a novel online curriculum for third-year medical students. Using a digital documentary and published articles as prompts, this flipped-classroom, discussion-based Philosophies of Family Medicine curriculum (POFM) highlighted concepts that have either emerged from or been embraced by family medicine (FM) over the past 5 decades. These concepts include the biopsychosocial model, the therapeutic importance of the doctor-patient relationship, and the unique nature of FM. The purpose of this mixed-methods pilot study was to assess the effectiveness of the curriculum and assist in its further development.
Methods: The intervention—POFM—consisted of five 1-hour, online discussion sessions with 12 small groups of students (N=64), distributed across seven clinical sites, during their month-long family medicine clerkship block rotations. Each session focused on one theme fundamental to the practice of FM. We collected qualitative data through verbal assessments elicited at the end of each session and written assessments at the end of the entire clerkship. We collected supplementary quantitative data via electronically distributed anonymous pre- and postintervention surveys.
Results: The study qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrated that POFM helped students understand philosophies fundamental to the practice of FM, improved their attitudes toward FM, and aided in their appreciation of FM as an essential element of a functioning health care system.
Conclusion: The results of this pilot study show effective integration of POFM into our FM clerkship. As POFM matures, we plan to expand its curricular role, further evaluate its influence, and use it to increase the academic footing of FM at our institution.
CONFLITOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS E POSSIBILIDADES À GESTÃO DA RESERVA EXTRATIVISTA MARINHA MESTRE LUCINDO, MARAPANIM-PARÁ-BRASIL
Authors: Santos Márcia Cristina , Canto Otávio do , Bastos Rodolpho Zaluth
Published: February 2023

Este artigo identificou e analisou os principais conflitos socioambientais existentes na Reserva Extrativista (RESEX) Marinha Mestre Lucindo, localizada no município de Marapanim, e propôs um conjunto de medidas com o propósito de melhorar o sistema de gestão existente. A RESEX possui apenas sete anos de criação, é administrada por um Conselho Deliberativo e ainda não possui Plano de Manejo implementado, aspectos que indicam uma gestão ainda em fase inicial. Os instrumentos metodológicos utilizados foram levantamento bibliográfico-documental; participação em reuniões do Conselho Deliberativo, no levantamento do perfil de famílias beneficiárias da RESEX, no monitoramento de pescado e em oficinas de Cartografia Participativa; realização de entrevistas e registros fotográficos. Desse modo, os principais conflitos socioambientais detectados foram: degradação dos mangues, pesca predatória, extração predatória de caranguejo, conflitos fundiários, extração de madeira em áreas de mangue e de terra firme, acúmulo de resíduos sólidos em rios e igarapés, queimadas e destinação inadequada de resíduos sólidos. Após a identificação dos principais conflitos socioambientais, foi possível pensar estratégias de ação que poderão compor o futuro Plano de Gestão da RESEX. Dentre as 12 medidas propostas, destaca-se o zoneamento da RESEX, o estabelecimento de acordos de cooperação e a criação de um grupo voltado exclusivamente para a mediação de conflitos socioambientais. Neste sentido, concluiu-se que os conflitos socioambientais verificados na RESEX estão majoritariamente ligados ao uso inadequado dos recursos naturais e que as medidas recomendadas visam o incentivo à participação social, o aprimoramento da difusão de informações e o fortalecimento das inter-relações e parcerias entre instituições que fazem parte do Conselho Deliberativo da RESEX.
O RESGATE DA CONSERVAÇÃO DO PINHEIRO BRASILEIRO (ARAUCARIA ANGUSTIFOLIA) PELA PRODUÇÃO PRECOCE DO PINHÃO:
Authors: Stelmach Júlio César da Silva , Berreta Marcia dos Santos Ramos , Printes Rodrigo Cambará , Tagliari Mário Sérgio Muniz
Published: February 2023

Este artigo tem a finalidade de apresentar uma alternativa à conservação da Araucaria angustifolia, espécie arbórea do Bioma da Mata Atlântica da região sul do Brasil, criticamente ameaçada de extinção. O sentido deste estudo é incentivar a divulgação de informações aos  proprietários rurais sobre o plantio de araucária precoce pela enxertia por borbulhia, onde se poderá produzir pinhões em um tempo mais curto que o normal. Essa técnica foi desenvolvida pela EMBRAPA Florestas do Paraná e consiste basicamente na retirada de uma lâmina do propágulo de uma planta produtiva e aplicada a um porta-enxerto de uma muda de araucária. A importância da produção da semente de araucária, o pinhão, deve-se, principalmente, à alimentação da fauna silvestre e ao sustento econômico de muitas famílias rurais. Do ponto de vista dos procedimentos técnicos, este estudo foi desenvolvido por meio da Pesquisa Bibliográfica e a Experimental. Pelos resultados das enxertias a campo, acompanhados pelas leituras técnicas, foi possível apresentar um relato da experiência que poderá auxiliar aqueles que tiverem interesse em fazer um plantio em sua propriedade. Os principais aspectos observados é que a técnica é de fácil aplicação e baixo custo, mas requer um planejamento inicial e o entendimento que o processo, entre as mudas de porta-enxerto e a enxertia por borbulhia, pode demorar até dois anos. Além disso, após este prazo, deve-se ter uma atenção especial ao local onde será realizado o plantio definitivo das mudas, acompanhando todo o crescimento até a produção das primeiras pinhas.
Varicella-Zoster Virus reactivation following COVID-19 vaccination: A Tunisian case series
Authors: Ferchichi Khouloud , Aouinti Imen , Zaiem Ahmed , Lakhoua Ghozlane , Kaabi Widd , Daghfous Riadh , Aidli Sihem El
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) most commonly
manifests as shingles. A few months after the start of the COVID-19
vaccination campaign cases of shingles were reported. Objective: We
aimed to report cases of VZV reactivation reported after COVID-19
vaccination to the Tunisian National Centre of pharmacovigilance (NCPV).
Method: This is a retrospective study of cases of VZV reactivation
reported to the CNPV after COVID-19 vaccination from March 2021 to May
2022. Results: We included 20 patients with shingle. The sex ratio (M/F)
was 0.8. The median age was 68.5 years. Nine patients were over 70 years
of age. The administered vaccines were an mRNA vaccine for 15 patients.
The onset delay ranged between one and 30 days (mean of 4.5 days). All
patients recovered within a few days and no severe cases have been
reported. Two patients received the second dose; One patient did not
experience a recurrence of the symptomatology. The other patient, had
aggravation of symptomatology and occurrence of facial paralysis; noting
that the initial symptomatology did not entirely disappear when the
patient received the second dose. The patient was diagnosed with Ramsay
Hunt Syndrome. Conclusion: Our study draws attention to the
chronological association between SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and VZV
reactivation, which should be investigated.
Impact of bottom trawling on long-term carbon sequestration in shelf sea sediments
Authors: Zhang Wenyan , Porz Lucas , Yilmaz Rümeysa , Kuhlmann Jannis , Neumann Andreas , Liu Bo , Müller Daniel , Spiegel Timo , Holtappels Moritz , Ziebarth Nadja , Taylor Bettins , Wallmann Klaus , Kasten Sabine , Daewel Ute , Schrum Corinna
Published: February 2023

Bottom trawling represents the most widespread anthropogenic physical
disturbance to shelf sea sediments. While trawling-induced mortality in
benthic fauna has been extensively investigated, its impacts on
ecosystem functioning and carbon cycling at regional scales remain
unclear. Using the North Sea as an example, we address these issues by
synthesizing a high-resolution dataset of bottom trawling impact on
sediments, feeding this dataset into a 3-dimensional
physical–biogeochemical model to estimate trawling-induced changes in
biomass, bioturbation and sedimentary organic carbon, and assessing
model results with field samples. Results suggest a trawling-induced net
reduction in macrobenthic biomass by 10-27%. Trawling-induced
resuspension and reduction of bioturbation jointly and accumulatively
reduce the regional sedimentary organic carbon sequestration capacity by
21-67%, equivalent to 0.58-1.84 Mt CO2 yr-1. Our study emphasizes the
need for proper management of trawling on muddy seabeds, if the natural
capacity of shelf seas for carbon sequestration should be conserved and
restored.
Applications of the generalized function-to-sequence transform
Authors: Trickovic Slobodan , Stankovic Miomir
Published: February 2023

We deal with applications of the transform T? we introduced in our paper On a
generalized function-to-sequence transform, Appl. Anal. Disc. Math. Vol. 14
No 2 (2020) 300-316. Taking different sequences {?n}n?N0 linked to a
generalized linear difference operator D? gives rise to a family of
transforms T? that enables the mapping of a differential equation and its
solutions to a difference equation and its solutions. It can map a
differential operator to a difference one as well.