bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suppression of Low-mass Galaxy Formation around Quasars at z ∼ 2–3
Authors: Uchiyama Hisakazu , Kashikawa Nobunari , Overzier Roderik , Toshikawa Jun , Onoue Masafusa , Ishikawa Shogo , Kubo Mariko , Ito Kei , Namiki Shigeru , Liang Yongming
Published: January 2019

We have carried out deep and wide field imaging observations with narrow bands, targeting 11 quasar fields to systematically study the possible photoevaporation effect of quasar radiation on surrounding low mass galaxies at z ∼ 2–3. We focused on Lyα emitters (LAEs) at the same redshifts as quasars that lie within the quasar proximity zones, where the UV radiation from the quasars is higher than the average background at that epoch. We found that LAEs with high rest-frame equivalent width of Lyα emission (EW0) of ≳150 Å with low stellar mass (≲108
M
⊙) are predominantly scarce in the quasar proximity zones, suggesting that quasar photoevaporation effects may be taking place. The halo mass of LAEs with EW0 > 150 Å is estimated to be

either from spectral energy distribution fitting or the main sequence. Based on a hydrodynamical simulation, the predicted delay in star formation under a local UV background intensity with

erg s−1 cm−2 Hz−1 sr−1 for galaxies having less than this halo mass is about >20 Myr, which is longer than the expected age of LAEs with EW0 > 150 Å. On the other hand, photoevaporation seems to be less effective around very luminous quasars, which is consistent with the idea that these are still in an early stage of activity.
Kinematics in Young Star Clusters and Associations with Gaia DR2
Authors: Kuhn Michael A. , Hillenbrand Lynne A. , Sills Alison , Feigelson Eric D. , Getman Konstantin V.
Published: January 2019

The Gaia mission has opened a new window into the internal kinematics of young star clusters at the sub-km s−1 level, with implications for our understanding of how star clusters form and evolve. We use a sample of 28 clusters and associations with ages from ∼1–5 Myr, where lists of members are available from previous X-ray, optical, and infrared studies. Proper motions from Gaia DR2 reveal that at least 75% of these systems are expanding; however, rotation is only detected in one system. Typical expansion velocities are on the order of ∼0.5 km s−1, and in several systems, there is a positive radial gradient in expansion velocity. Systems that are still embedded in molecular clouds are less likely to be expanding than those that are partially or fully revealed. One-dimensional velocity dispersions, which range from

to 3 km s−1, imply that most of the stellar systems in our sample are supervirial and that some are unbound. In star-forming regions that contain multiple clusters or subclusters, we find no evidence that these groups are coalescing, implying that hierarchical cluster assembly, if it occurs, must happen rapidly during the embedded stage.
Induced Polarization from Birefringent Pulse Splitting in Magneto-ionic Media
Authors: Suresh A. , Cordes J. M.
Published: January 2019

Birefringence in ionized, magnetized media is usually measured as Faraday rotation of linearly polarized radiation. However, pulses propagating through regions with very large Faraday rotation measures (RMs) can split into circularly polarized components with measurable differences in arrival times ∝ν
−3 RM, where ν is the radio frequency. Differential refraction from gradients in DM (dispersion measure) and RM can contribute a splitting time

. Regardless of whether the emitted pulse is unpolarized or linearly polarized, net circular polarization will be measured when splitting is a significant fraction of the pulse width. However, the initial polarization may be inferable from the noise statistics of the bursts. Extreme multipath scattering that broadens pulses can mask splitting effects. We discuss particular cases such as the Galactic center magnetar J1745−2900, and the repeating fast radio burst source FRB 121102. Both lines of sight have

, which yields millisecond splittings at frequencies well below ∼1 GHz. We also consider the splitting of nanosecond shot pulses in giant pulses from the Crab pulsar and the minimal effects of birefringence on precision pulsar timing. Finally, we explore the utility of two-dimensional coherent dedispersion with DM and RM as parameters.
The Temperature and Density from Permitted O ii Lines in the Planetary Nebula NGC 7009*

†
Authors: Richer Michael G. , Tavera Jorge E. Guillén , Arrieta Anabel , Torres-Peimbert Silvia
Published: January 2019

We present spatial- and velocity-resolved spectroscopy of NGC 7009 acquired with the UVES spectrograph at the VLT UT2/Kueyen. We use these data to determine the structure of the electron temperature and electron density based upon O ii permitted (recombination) lines. We find a strong gradient in the O ii-based electron temperature. It agrees with the electron temperature determined by forbidden (collisionally excited) lines in part of the nebular volume, but also differs by more than 6000 K in other parts of the nebular volume. This result supports the hypothesis that NGC 7009 contains two plasma components, one of which emits both forbidden and permitted lines and the other that emits only permitted lines. For the component that emits only permitted lines, we find a lower limit to the electron density of 104 cm−3 from the O ii permitted lines, which is higher than derived from forbidden lines. We are unable to determine whether the two plasma components are in pressure equilibrium from our data, but there exist temperature and density combinations that allow this equilibrium for temperatures between 600 and 6000 K. For most of the temperature and density conditions allowed for the component that emits only permitted lines, its mass of O2+ is less than that of the plasma component that emits forbidden lines.
The Environment-Skills-Delivery Model: A Heuristic Tool for Planning Staff Development in the New Millennium
Authors: Lepine Susan , Ahola-Sidaway Janice
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: A qualitative, exploratory study to identify trends in hospital nursing and to consider the impact of these trends on onsite staff development needs and initiatives was conducted.

Method: Eight experienced nurse educators who work in a hospital setting were interviewed using a semistructured interview approach. Themes and subthemes that emerged from the interviews were determined and refined. The nursing literature related to the findings was reviewed to consider possible links between the findings and the literature.

Results: Three interrelated themes were identified: organizational demands and constraints helping shape nurses' daily lives and their education needs; the range of educational skills needed by nurses to perform their jobs; and the kinds of onsite educational strategies evolved in response to both skill needs and organizational demands and constraints.

Conclusion: The subsequent analysis of the findings led to the development of the Environment-Skills-Delivery Planning Tool for nurse educators.
Outcomes-Based Research: Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Online Nurse Refresher Course
Authors: Roberts Vanice W , Brannan Jane D , White Anne
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

According to the Monthly Labor Review, 1 million new nurses will be needed by the year 2010. Returning inactive nurses to the profession is undoubtedly an economical and cost-effective approach to address this need. Embracing an online methodology will reach nurses in less populated, geographically dispersed areas with limited access to traditional educational opportunities. On the basis of the principles of good practice, it is imperative that educators evaluate the effectiveness of distance methodology. This article provides empirical data supporting the online learning process and consumer satisfaction of an online nurse refresher course.
Innovative Ways to Promote Recruitment, Retention, Collegiality, and Professionalism Using Continuing Education Plans
Authors: Copeland Sandra
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Technological advances in health care, coupled with the crisis of a nursing shortage, make recruitment and retention of well-educated nurses a key factor for the viability and growth of any healthcare organization. In the past, symbiotic alliances have been formed solely between healthcare organizations and nurses. Professional nursing organizations were rarely involved in the alliance. Using the Magnet Recognition Program, one local chapter of Sigma Theta Tau International has found a way to unite nurses, healthcare organizations, and professional nursing organizations to encourage nursing education, promote positive patient outcomes, and help find a solution to the problem.
Continuing Education Needs Assessment of Acute Care and Long-Term-Care Nurses in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Authors: Claflin Nancy
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: This study was done to identify nurses' priorities for continued learning and to examine the priorities in relation to age, educational level, location in the organization, experience, position in the organization, and shift worked.

Methods: A random sample of nurses at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center completed surveys consisting of 58 educational topics and demographic information. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and Tukey's HSD method to identify differences within the various subgroups of nurses.

Results: Of the 58 educational topics, 21 were determined to be high priority educational needs and were significantly correlated with one or more of the independent variables.

Conclusion: Conducting a needs assessment can provide valuable information that will improve the delivery of high quality, relevant continuing education and improve staff satisfaction.
Patient Care Delivery Model Improves Nurse Job Satisfaction
Authors: Allen Diane E , Vitale-Nolen Roberta A
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Nurse job satisfaction was identified as an outcome measure for a project to develop and implement a patient care delivery model in an acute psychiatric setting.

Method: Seventy registered nurses were surveyed during 3 years, utilizing the Index of Work Satisfaction.

Results: Nurse job satisfaction has improved significantly (14%) since model development began. Analysis of variance showed significant (p < .05) increases in all component mean scores in the second and third surveys.

Conclusion: The relationship-based nursing model empowers nurses who know the patient best to decide how to provide care. It affirms the values that are the foundation of nursing practice, creating an environment where nurses feel they make a difference.
Clinical Characteristics and Long-term Outcomes After Septic Arthritis of the Native Glenohumeral Joint: A 20-Year Retrospective Review
Authors: Sweet Matthew C. , Sheena Gabriel J. , Liu Serena , Fisk Felicity E. , Lynch Jonathan R. , Muh Stephanie J.
Published: January 2019

Septic arthritis of the native glenohumeral joint is rare, and there is little information available regarding the natural progression and long-term joint outcomes of this pathology. The authors performed a retrospective analysis of 97 patients with culture-positive glenohumeral septic arthritis between 1995 and 2015 at their institution with a mean clinical follow-up of 83.1 months. Patient records were reviewed to document demographic and laboratory data, clinical presentation, postoperative complications, recurrences, and subsequent shoulder arthroplasty. Common comorbidities uncovered included 20 immunocompromised patients (20.6%), intravenous drug use among 27 patients (27.8%), diabetes mellitus among 40 patients (41.2%), and 18 patients (18.5%) receiving hemodialysis.
Staphylococcus aureus
was the most common pathogen identified (61 patients; 62.8%), followed by streptococcal species (17 patients; 17.2%). Hematogenous spread of infection was the most common etiology of shoulder sepsis (40.2%). Seven patients (7.2%) developed shoulder sepsis of undetermined etiology in the absence of established risk factors, and 16 patients (16.4%) developed recurrent glenohumeral septic arthritis at a mean of 40 months following initial eradication of infection. Three patients (3.0%) eventually underwent same-side shoulder arthroplasty at a mean of 18 months following septic arthritis, with none experiencing a periprosthetic joint infection. Glenohumeral septic arthritis is highly unlikely in the absence of medical risk factors. Long-term recurrence after clinically successful treatment is low (16.5%), and few patients undergo elective arthroplasty following shoulder septic arthritis. However, orthopedic surgeons can expect 30% to 40% of patients to require multiple trips to the operating room to successfully treat the initial joint infection, regardless of treatment method. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(1):e118–e123.]
Fixation of Displaced Acetabular Fractures With an Anatomic Quadrilateral Surface Plate Through the Stoppa Approach
Authors: Zhang Ruipeng , Yin Yingchao , Li Shilun , Jin Lin , Guo Jialing , Hou Zhiyong , Zhang Yingze
Published: January 2019

Satisfactory fixation for displaced acetabular fractures involving the quadrilateral surface remains difficult to obtain with conventional reconstruction plates. To achieve minimally invasive management of fractures of the quadrilateral surface, the authors designed a type of anatomic quadrilateral surface plate (AQSP). A retrospective study to assess the therapeutic results of the AQSP was performed at their institution. A total of 26 patients with quadrilateral surface fractures fixed with an AQSP through the Stoppa approach from February 2014 to February 2015 were included in this study. There were 16 men and 10 women with a mean age of 37.5 years. The patients were followed for a mean of 28.81 months (range, 24–36 months). The mean operative time was 98.85±16.08 minutes, and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 353.85±124.84 mL. Postoperative radiographs and computed tomography scans showed that anatomic and good reductions were obtained in 88.46% (23 patients) and 11.54% (3 patients) of the patients, respectively. Screw loosening was not observed. All of the fractures healed well at a mean of 3.54 months. Two cases of obturator nerve injury and 1 case of corona mortis rupture were observed. However, permanent complications were not observed. The mean Merle d'Aubigné score at final follow-up was 16.38±1.33 points. The authors conclude that satisfactory fixation with the AQSP system can be achieved through the Stoppa approach. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(2):e180–e186.]
Youth Experiences of Parent Incarceration: Doing Time From Both Sides
Authors: Nosek Marcianna , Stillman Jessica Arteaga , Whelan Zachary
Published: January 2019

In 2015–2016, an estimated 6 million children in the United States had at least one parent incarcerated. Children of incarcerated parents experience physical, mental, social, and economic consequences, including migraines, asthma, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, school dropout, and homelessness. The purpose of the current phenomenological study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of youth who have or have had an incarcerated parent. Narratives were gathered from a sample of 15 individuals ages 13 to 19 attending a 1-year long workshop entitled Peace Makers. The rich text revealed shared experiences of disrupted homes, unfulfilled visits and promises, and social isolation captured by the following themes:
At Home No More
;
“To Feel Her
…
Kiss Her Cheek”
;
“Waiting at the Door”
; and
“Trapped in an Isolation Box.”
Care providers must develop an empathic understanding of affected youth to facilitate healing, restore dignity, and advocate for their rights. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 57
(6), 22–29.]
Changes in Pupil Size and Centroid Shift in Eyes With Uncomplicated In-the-Bag IOL Implantation
Authors: Sobaci Gungor , Erdem Uzeyir , Uysal Yusuf , Muftuoglu Orkun
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine changes in entrance pupil size and pupil center shift under low mesopic and photopic conditions of illumination in eyes with in-the-bag intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

METHODS: Entrance pupil size and pupil center shift were measured under low mesopic (0.06 lux) and photopic (60 lux) conditions of illumination in 55 patients with unilateral pseudophakia (study group) and 55 ageand sex-matched patients with bilateral cataracts (control group) using the NIDEK OPD-Scan. Pseudophakie eyes had an uncomplicated intraoperative and postoperative course and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity of 20/20. Cataractous eyes had no additional ocular or systemic problems affecting the pupil. Both groups were analyzed with respect to pupil size and shift in both conditions of illumination.

RESULTS: Mean patient age was 64.2±6.8 and 63.6±4.3 years in the study and control groups, respectively (P=.45). In the study group, differences in pupil size under low mesopic (5.12±1.02 and 5.13±0.96 mm for pseudophakic and phakic eyes, respectively) and photopic (3.44±0.39 and 3.45±0.39 mm for pseudophakic and phakic eyes, respectively) conditions of illumination were not statistically significant (P=1.00 and P=.95 for pseudophakic and phakic eyes, respectively). Differences in pupil shift between pseudophakic (0.11±0.08 mm) and phakic (0.12±0.10 mm) eyes were not statistically significant (P=.83) in the study group. In the control group, differences in pupil size under low mesopic (P=.59) and photopic conditions of illumination (P=.60) in the right and left eyes as well as pupil shift (P=.71) were not statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONS: Uncomplicated in-the-bag IOL implantation has no influence on pupil size and shift. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:796-799.]
Astigmatic Refraction Using Peaks of the Interferogram Fourier Transform for a Talbot Moiré Interferometer
Authors: Sarver Edwin J , Van Heugten Tony Y , Padrick Thomas D , Hall Max T
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To calculate the spectacle correction from a Talbot Moiré wavefront sensor using the location of peaks in the Fourier transform of the interferogram image.

METHODS: A relationship was developed between the spectacle correction for an ocular wavefront and the location of Fourier transform peaks in the aberrated interferogram. These spectral peaks were located to subpixel accuracy using a two-dimensional polynomial fit. A Talbot Moiré wavefront system was developed to collect examination images from an astigmatic model eye and human eyes. The authors' Fourier transform calculation procedure was applied to captured interferogram and results were tabulated.

RESULTS: Five examinations were made of the astigmatic model eye. The mean sphere and cylinder were -4.26 D (SD = 0.004) and -2.90 D (SD = 0.008), respectively. The axis for all measurements was 92°. These values were consistent with the model eye design parameters. The patient was a 46-year-old man with best spectacle-corrected visual acuity of 20/20. Ten examinations were made of the patient's eye. The mean sphere and cylinder were -0.09 D (SD = 0.11) and -1.45 D (SD = 0.14) , respectively. The mean axis was 69.1° (SD = 1.29°). The calculation time was 46 ms per image running on a 3.6-GHz PC using 512x512 fast Fourier transforms. This processing time is fast enough for real-time acquisition and display of a patient's refractive state.

CONCLUSIONS: The Fourier transform calculations provided a fast and simple method of determining the spectacle correction in an aberrated ocular wavefront imaged by a Talbot Moir? wavefront sensor. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:972-977.]
Comparison of Laser Epithelial Keratomileusis With and Without Mitomycin C for Wavefront Customized Surface Ablations
Authors: Nakano Eliane Mayumi , Bains Harkaran S , Hirai Flavio Eduardo , Portellinha Waldir , Oliveira Marivaldo , Nakano Kozo
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of mitomycin C (MMC) in preventing haze formation in surface wavefront customized ablations with successful refractive treatment (laser epithelial keratomileusis [LASEK]) and to evaluate the safety of this technique on corneal stroma and endothelium.

METHODS: This study was a prospective, doublemasked, randomized clinical trial involving 52 eyes (30 placebo and 22 MMC) of 26 patients. The manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), best spectaclecorrected visual acuity, uncorrected visual acuity, corneal pachymetry, topography, aberrometry, endothelial specular microscopy, contrast sensitivity, corneal confocal microscopy, and complaints of pain via a subjective questionnaire were recorded preoperatively and 90 days postoperatively.

RESULTS: The mean MRSE at 90 days postoperatively was -0.56 diopters (D) (-4.95±1.85 D, range: -8.00 to -1.62 D) for the MMC group and -0.49 D (-4.51±1.81 D, range: -7.75 to -2.25 D) for the placebo group. Higher order aberrations were similar between the placebo and MMC groups 90 days postoperatively (0.538±0.228µ?? and 0.478±0.134µ??, respectively). Analysis of the endothelial cell count indicated a statistically significant decrease in endothelial cell density (P=. 017) after LASEK, independent of MMC use.

CONCLUSIONS: The predictability of the final target refraction, induction of high order aberrations, and improvement in contrast sensitivity proved that the use of MMC was equally safe when compared to procedures that did not use MMC. In addition, the procedure was efficient in the prevention of corneal haze. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:S1021-S1028.]
Wavefront-Versus Topography-guided Customized Ablations With the NIDEK EC-5000 CX II in Surface Ablation Treatment: Refractive and Aberrometric Outcomes
Authors: Vinciguerra Paolo , Albè Elena , Camesasca Fabrizio I , Trazza Silvia , Epstein Daniel
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare the long-term refractive outcomes and changes in higher order wavefront aberrations in patients undergoing photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with topography-guided (CATz) or wavefront-guided (OPDCAT) ablation algorithm using the NIDEK Advanced Vision Excimer Laser System (NAVEX).

METHODS: A retrospective 12 -month follow-up study was conducted of 226 eyes undergoing PRK. The NIDEK EC-5000 CX Il excimer laser and Final Fit 1.11 treatment planning software were used. Sixty-eight eyes underwent OPDCAT ablation and 158 eyes underwent CATz ablation. Mean preoperative manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE) was -5.73±2.03 diopters (D) (range: -11.25 to -2.50 D) in the OPDCAT group and -3.77±3.78 D (range: -12.50 to -5.75 D) in the CATz group.

RESULTS: At 12 months postoperatively, mean MRSE was 0.05 D for the OPDCAT group and piano for the CATz group. Stability was similar in both groups as were visual outcomes. No eyes lost 2 or more lines of BSCVA at 6 months postoperatively or later. Mean ocular wavefront higher order aberrations at 3 months postoperatively were 0.44±0.17 µ?? for the OPDCAT group and 0.55±0.27 /im for the CATz group.

CONCLUSIONS: Refractive outcomes were equivalent between eyes that underwent PRK with wavefront-guided ablation and those that underwent topography-guided ablation. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:S1029-S1036.]
Confocal Microscopy of Corneal Wound Healing After Ho:YAG Laser Thermokeratoplasty
Authors: Doga Alexander V , Mushkova Irina A , Maychuk Nataliya V
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate corneal wound healing using confocal microscopy in patients who underwent laser thermokeratoplasty (LTK) for hyperopia between +1.50 and +3.00 diopters (D).

METHODS: In a prospective, nonrandomized study, 78 eyes of 42 patients were followed for 1 year using contact and non-contact confocal microscopy to evaluate corneal appearance after LTK with the Oko-1 Ho: YAG laser. The NIDEK Confoscan 4, 2Ox non-contact lens and 4Ox contact lens, was used to evaluate the morphology of the corneal layers. The Oko-1 laser was used to reduce or eliminate hyperopic refractive error. Patients underwent confocal microscopy measurement preoperatively, 1 and 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after LTK. Individual examinations were reviewed and classified by the investigators.

RESULTS: Preoperatively, spherical hyperopia was +2.11±0.21 D (range: +1.50 to +2.75 D). At 3 months postoperatively, the mean manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE) was +0.11±0.02 D and +0.21±0.02 D at 1 year. Mean corneal pachymetry was 631.6±8.40 µm preoperatively, 637.4±12.7 µm at 3 months, and 608.4 ±31. 7 µm at 1 year. The mean endothelial cell density was 2771.4 ±28.4 cells/mm
p 2
preoperatively, 2709.4±122.3 cells/mm
p 2
at 3 months, and 2693.2±139.1 cells/mm
p 2
at 1 year. Activated keratocytes were present at 3 months postoperatively, which decreased over the course of 1 year.

CONCLUSIONS: Laser thermokeratoplasty for low to moderate hyperopia using the Oko-1 results in formation of intrastromal fibrosis with minimal changes in corneal morphology outside the sites of treatment. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:S1046-S1049.]
Le jaune chez Turner : Une étude matérielle
Authors: Gould Sarah
Published: January 2019

Les contemporains de J.M.W. Turner ont souvent exprimé leur stupéfaction face à son usage hyperbolique et expérimental de la couleur jaune. Repris par la suite comme un des points d’entrée principaux des discours critiques sur son œuvre, l’étude de la couleur chez Turner a pourtant souvent laissé de côté sa dimension matérielle. Cet article propose de revenir sur l’importance du jaune chez Turner, moins en tant que couleur, qu’en tant que pigments et donc substances dotées d’une valeur marchande et épistémologique.
“Blotting and Blurring Demons”? The Paradoxical Place of Colour Printing in Blake’s Theory of Art
Authors: Ibata Hélène
Published: January 2019

Lorsque son œuvre est évaluée à l’aune de la querelle classique du dessin et de la couleur, il est généralement tenu pour acquis que William Blake se situe parmi les tenants du premier. Une telle interprétation est étayée par ses écrits sur l’art, qui font à plusieurs reprises de l’acte de dessiner l’expression de pouvoirs intellectuels supérieurs, et dénigrent les effets de couleur comme autant de manifestations de faiblesse intellectuelle et de manque d’imagination. Toutefois, son utilisation de l’impression en couleur dans les années 1794 et 1795 révèle une sensibilité à la couleur et aux effets de texture qu’il est difficile d’associer à une démarche principalement linéaire. Si cette tension apparente entre les écrits de Blake sur l’art et une période importante de sa production a déjà été expliquée par une évolution de la perception de l’artiste, la présente étude insiste sur la continuité de sa pensée. Elle suggère notamment que le lien principal entre sa théorie de l’art et son travail d’impression en couleur est sa conviction que la production artistique doit être unifiée et immédiate, afin d’être authentique.
L’angosciosa resistenza: decostruire la categoria dell’“abbandono istituzionale” nel quartiere di edilizia popolare di San Siro (Milano)
Authors: Grassi Paolo
Published: January 2019

A partire dall’analisi situazionale di un evento che ha interessato il quartiere popolare di San Siro (Milano) – un’attività d’animazione organizzata da un comitato di cittadini, tramutatasi in agorà, quindi una vera e propria assemblea cittadina, grazie alla partecipazione di membri del consiglio comunale, soggetti del terzo settore e attivisti del movimento per il diritto alla casa – l’articolo approfondirà etnograficamente la categoria dell’“abbandono istituzionale”, ossia la condizione di desolazione e di degrado che interesserebbe quello spazio urbano. Tale categoria, utilizzata in maniera indiscriminata da attori sociali disparati, compresi urbanisti e scienziati sociali, se accostata all’insieme d’interventi pubblici implementati nel quartiere negli ultimi dieci anni, mostra uno scarto palese tra la sua ricorrenza e la realtà fattuale. L’articolo analizzerà questo scarto, il potenziale interpretativo che esso contiene e la sua funzione nel quadro delle più ampie politiche urbane milanesi.
Corpi dissonanti: note su gender variance e sessualità. Il caso dei femminielli napoletani
Authors: Mauriello Marzia
Published: January 2019

I femminielli napoletani, parte della tradizione culturale di Napoli e del napoletano, possono essere considerati, seguendo la terminologia corrente, soggetti che incarnano una variante di genere. In relazione a questa “esperienza del sé”, esplorata da chi scrive nel corso di quasi un decennio di ricerca sul campo, il presente lavoro indaga sui modi e i tempi in cui nei contesti cosiddetti occidentali si è costruita e consolidata l’idea di devianza, dal punto di vista sessuale e di genere. Attraverso l’analisi antropologica dei “corpi dissonanti”, una metafora a indicare la diversa modalità, per alcune soggettività, di vivere l’esperienza del proprio sé rispetto a un ordine costituito, l’indagine mostra la natura culturale, processuale e storica dei principi di “giustizia” e “ordine” relativi al corpo e ai suoi atti. In riferimento ai processi di normalizzazione, interni alla comunità LGBTQI, che si attuano, per alcuni soggetti transgender, anche attraverso un corpo che oggi può cambiare, modificarsi e trasformarsi senza soluzione di continuità, e che conducono a una risignificazione delle identità che passa dal corpo e da una diversa esperienza di questo, il presente lavoro mostra come i femminielli incarnino uno sguardo diverso sull’esperienza di sé e rappresentino oggi un caso di resistenza culturale.
Cibo e rifugiati nella città capitolina, tra pratiche di emergenza e tentativi di agentività
Authors: Schmidt Donatella , Palutan Giovanna
Published: January 2019

Il saggio verte sulle pratiche legate alla cottura e alla distribuzione del cibo in due esperienze d’accoglienza rivolte a rifugiati e a richiedenti asilo nella periferia di Roma. Il primo caso riguarda un modello di ospitalità dal basso conosciuto come Baobab; il secondo riguarda un’esperienza gestita dai gesuiti, nota come mensa del Centro Astalli. Due principali domande guideranno il nostro lavoro: qual è il senso del cibo per attivisti e volontari nei due esempi considerati? In che modo pratiche legate al cibo sono in grado di creare spazi di comunicazione e di riflessività tra rifugiati e settori della società ospitante? L’approccio generale adottato in questo saggio non pone l’accento tanto sulle difficoltà sperimentate da attivisti, volontari e rifugiati, che sono una costante della loro interazione quotidiana, quanto sulle modalità creative nell’affrontarle. In quest’ottica, si suggerisce che entrambi i casi di studio potrebbero trovare nel concetto di agentività uno strumento capace di rendere visibili dinamiche che altrimenti rimarrebbero sottaciute.
Littoral mayfly assemblages in South-East European man-made lakes
Authors: Vilenica Marina , Vučković Natalija , Mihaljević Zlatko
Published: January 2019

Man-made freshwater habitats have been widely used to successfully modify the environment for human benefit, including purposes of irrigation, flood control or electricity generation. Over the past decade, our knowledge about the mayfly fauna and its ecology in South-East Europe has been growing, yet the data related to lentic assemblages remain very scarce. In this study, littoral mayfly assemblages were investigated at artificial and heavily modified lentic habitats in the Dinaric Western Balkan (n=21) and Pannonian Lowland (n=15) ecoregions. Mayfly nymphs were sampled during the summer months of 2016 or 2017. At each sampling site, ten samples were collected using a benthos hand net. A total of 21 mayfly species were recorded, though species richness per site was rather low (i.e., between zero and seven species). Cloeon dipterum (Linnaeus, 1761) was the most frequent species recorded, while Caenis horaria Linnaeus, 1758 was the most abundant. This study showed that the Croatian mayfly fauna is still growing, with the first record of Siphlonurus aestivalis Eaton, 1903 for the country. The assemblage structure was mainly dominated by lower reaches and lentic (potamal and littoral) elements and detritivores (gatherers/collectors and active filter feeders). Orthophosphates and chemical oxygen demand had the highest influence on mayfly assemblages, reflecting a higher level of pollution at sites in the Pannonian Lowland ecoregion, and consequently markedly lower mayfly abundances. As mayflies are widely used as bioindicators of freshwater ecosystems, detailed information about their assemblages in heavily modified and artificial habitats could contribute to future conservation activities of freshwater habitats and their communities. Additionally, these results could be applied in creating a monitoring system for artificial lakes according to the requirements of the European Water Framework Directive.
The Epipalaeolithic-Neolithic as the pivotal transformation of human history
Authors: Watkins Trevor
Published: January 2019

The objective of this paper is to set the Epipalaeolithic-Neolithic transformation (ENT) within the truly long-term of human evolutionary history. The Epipalaeolithic-Neolithic transformation take us out of the world of Palaeolithic mobile foraging into a new world, in which the scale and organisation of the social group and the tempo of socio-cultural evolution were transformed. The scale and diversity of cultural innovation and social organization can be seen to be linked in co-evolutionary feedback loops that have been characterised as ‘cumulative culture’, ‘ratcheting’ effects, or ‘runaway’ cultural evolution. The up-scaling of communities and the intensification of their interaction and networking enabled the emergence of super-communities that became the first large-scale societies, an inflection point on an accelerating curve of complex cultural, social and economic development, en route to emergent socio-political hierarchies, urbanism, kingdoms and empires.
Contextualizing Karaburun A New Area for Neolithic Research in Anatolia
Authors: Cilingiroglu Ciler , Dinçer Berkay
Published: January 2019

Recent surveys led by the author in Karaburun Peninsula discovered multiple prehistoric sites. This article introduces one of the Neolithic sites called Kömür Burnu in this marginal zone of coastal western Anatolia. The site offered various advantages to early farmer-herders including freshwater and basalt sources as well as proximity to agricultural lands, forested areas and marine resources. The plain slipped pottery from the site suggests a date between 6200-6000 cal. BC for the Neolithic occupation. P-XRF characterization of obsidian pieces from Kömür Burnu revealed that these were acquired from two different sources (Melos-Adamas and Göllüdağ). These constitute the first evidence for the participation of Karaburun early farmer-herders in the exchange networks that were active in Neolithic Anatolia and the Aegean. The differential technological features of these pieces concur well with the dual obsidian mobility model suggested by M. Milić for the western Anatolian Neolithic.
The process of cultural change in Chalcolithic period in highland Western Iran at Tepe Gheshlagh
Authors: Sharifi Mahnaz , Motarjem Abbas
Published: January 2019

Tepe Gheshlagh is located in the center of Talvar Valley in Bijar County, Kurdistan province of Iran, on the east bank of Talvar River. It is rested on a Natural terrace, less than 30 meters above the current bed of the river. The mound is about one hectare in area, oval in shape, and rises more than 14 meters above the surrounding fields. Three seasons of salvage excavation carried out in the site which has revealed significant information on Early, Middle and Late Chalcolithic period (5500-3850 BC) in this region. Unfortunately no accurate Archeological research has been undertaken to gain a better understanding of Chalcolithic period, especially the Early this issue highlights current excavation. In fact, Exploration of cultural traces and, in particular, the important settlement of Tepe Gheshlagh as well as recognition of the subsistence economy of its residents can increase our knowledge of cultural traditions in this region.
Stopnie naukowe w carskiej Rosji
Authors: Flin Piotr , Panko Elena
Published: January 2019

Numerous Polish scientists were conferred with scientific degrees in Imperial Russia. It is therefore useful to known what kind of hierarchy these degrees followed.
Pedagogical knowledge of teaching fights by trainers in an informal environment
Authors: Lopes Jefferson Campos , Palomares Edson Godoy , Palomares Barbara Agostini , Aranha Agata Marques , Silva Fabien Pereira
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The aim of the study was to present an investigation into the educational components of teaching fights with the methodologies used in the process of teaching and learning within formal and informal contexts.

Methods

The study is characterized as qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory and was carried out among 8 trainers of each mode (karate, judo, taekwondo, jiu-jitsu, capoeira, muay thai, wrestling, and boxing). An in-depth interview based on a semi-structured, adapted questionnaire was applied.

Results

The analysis revealed that the sources of knowledge were numerous and varied, with academic and professional experience as the main sources of professional knowledge. The views of the trainers differed in the ways of teaching of each mode when it came to progression patterns, sequence, emphasis on the content organization, design mode of teaching skills, and level of scope.

Conclusions

Teachers always learn from their students and build their knowledge together. However, fighting is still taught predominantly by giving preferences to mechanical learning of technical gestures. It is necessary to teach content by elaborating new approaches from practical experiences. Further research is needed in the field of sports pedagogy with would focus on the corporal practices, and historical and sociological significance of fighting.
The effects of concurrent visual feedback on the control of swimming intensities above the onset of blood lactate accumulation
Authors: Szczepan Stefan , Zaton Krystyna , Borkowski Jacek
Published: January 2019

Purpose

Effective control of swimming speed can increase training effectiveness and therefore enhance training adaptations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of concurrent visual feedback on swimming speed at an exercise intensity above the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA).

Methods

The study involved 12 healthy male and female swim team members. The participants executed two 200-m freestyle trials within an individually predetermined swim time matching an exercise intensity above OBLA (exercise zone 4). In one trial, no additional information was provided, whereas concurrent visual feedback was given on swimming speed in the other.

Results

Concurrent visual feedback narrowed the discrepancy between the predetermined and obtained swimming times (p < 0.001). This improvement in swimming time (accuracy) showed a negative correlation with the increase in post-trial lactate concentration. The correlation between the difference in the predetermined and obtained times and the increase in lactate was R = –0.46 when no visual feedback was provided but R = –0.64 with visual feedback, with the latter result statistically significant (p = 0.024).

Conclusions

Concurrent visual feedback allows swimmers to consistently maintain a predetermined swimming speed and therefore keep the specified exercise intensity as evidenced by the increase in lactate concentration. This can result in more effective execution of training goals and thereby enhance training outcomes.
Contribution of some physical characteristics to unipedal non-dominant lower limb balance among footballers
Authors: Fasuyi Francis Oluwafunso , Adegoke Babatunde Olusola
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The objective was to determine the correlations between age, body mass index, foot length, tibia length, and calf circumference – and unipedal non-dominant lower limb balance (UNLLB), on the basis of the contributions of each physical attribute to UNLLB performance among professional football players in a Nigerian National Football League club.

Methods

This descriptive correlational study involved 32 purposively recruited male professional football players who met the inclusion criteria. The participants’ age was recorded along with height, weight, foot length, tibia length, and calf circumference, measured with standardized procedures, while their UNLLB was assessed with the use of a Wii Balance Board. The primary outcome measure was UNLLB, reflecting the centre of pressure parameters. The data were analysed with the Spearman rank order correlation; stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the contributions of the selected variables to UNLLB at 0.05 alpha levels.

Results

All physical attributes except age were significantly correlated with UNLLB. The stepwise regression analysis showed limb length (13.2%, p = 0.023, f2 = 0.191), calf circumference (22.3%, p = 0.004, f2 = 0.329), and weight (11.5%, p = 0.033, f2 = 0.167) to be significant contributors to UNLLB with visual input allowed, while tibia length (14.9%, p = 0.017, f2 = 0.215) and foot length (9.5%, p = 0.048, f2 = 0.142) were significant predictors with visual input denied.

Conclusions

Limb length, calf circumference, body weight, tibia length, and foot length are significant predictors of UNLLB among professional footballers.
Development of manual dexterity in preschool children
Authors: Czajka Kamila , Kołodziej Małgorzata , Kochan Katarzyna , Sławińska Teresa
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The aim of the study is to identify the changes in manual dexterity that occur in preschool children.

Methods

The sample consisted of 79 healthy preschool children from Wroclaw, Poland. Manual dexterity was assessed twice: at the beginning of the school year and 9 months later at the end. The mean age of the group was 5.98 ± 0.45 years (initial assessment) and 6.86 ± 0.35 years (final assessment). Motor performance was evaluated with the Motorische Leistungsserie (MLS) test. Statistical analysis was carried out with ANOVA, and the percentage change of each parameter was calculated for the 9-month study period. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05.

Results

There was a 45% improvement in steadiness, which shows that the children were more able to hold their hands in a given position without shaking for a prolonged time. The children made significant progress in grasping and carrying small objects with fingers and placing them in sequential openings on the work surface of the test apparatus in a vertical line, performing better than adults in this regard. The results for the aiming subtest improved by over 20% in the children examined. The rate of tapping increased by almost 8%. Improvements in line tracing, however, were limited to the accuracy of performing the subtest.

Conclusions

The results of the study reveal the need for longitudinal studies on this topic. Selected parameters of manual dexterity in preschool children improved from 4% to 45% over the course of the 9-month school year.
Embolisation of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations – case series
Authors: Vidjak Vinko , Štula Ivana , Matijevic Filip , Kavur Lovro , Sertić Milić Helga , Blašković Darko
Published: January 2019

Purpose

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVM) are the direct communications between the pulmonary arteries and veins. These malformations can cause serious complications, and most of these patients should be treated. Herein we present our experience in the treatment of 18 cases of PAVM, treated with endovascular embolisation.

Material and methods

Eighteen patients with PAVMs underwent endovascular embolisation during a five-year period. Eight were male and 10 were female, with ages ranging from 16 to 65 years. Standard steel coils and vascular plug were used for embolisation.

Results

Embolisation was successful in 17 of 18 patients. Coiling was used in 10 patients, vascular plug in five, and both materials in two patients. All symptomatic patients with successful embolisation lost all their symptoms after treatment. Control angiography after embolisation showed a closure of AV shunt without migration of embolic material in all patients. Post-embolisation syndrome developed in four patients and late onset of pleural pain in three patients. There was no connection between pleural reaction and type of PAVM and embolic material.

Conclusions

Endovascular PAVM treatment is a minimally invasive, highly successful method with a low rate of only transitory complications.
Penile Doppler ultrasonography and elastography evaluation in patients with erectile dysfunction
Authors: Altinbas Namik Kemal , Hamidi Nurullah
Published: January 2019

Purpose

To evaluate the relationship between erection grade, erectile function score, Doppler ultrasonography (US) indexes, and elasticity score (ES) according to Doppler US diagnosis in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED).

Material and methods

Real-time strain type penile elastography was performed during penile Doppler US examination for 88 patients with ED. The diagnosis according to Doppler US was determined. Erection score according to the Erection Hardness Grading Scale was evaluated. A scoring for erectile function was performed with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) was defined. The relationships, according to Doppler diagnosis, of ES, IIEF-5 score, SHIM scale, and erection score were evaluated.

Results

Among the patients, 50 (57%) had abnormal penile Doppler US findings. According to Doppler US findings, patients were classified as normal (n = 38), borderline for arterial insufficiency (n = 4), arterial insufficiency (n = 5), and venous insufficiency (n = 41). The lowest erection hardness grades and IIEF-5 scores were detected in patients with arterial failure. When compared to the normal group, in terms of ES, the arterial failure borderline group and venous failure group had lower scores, and the arterial failure group had a higher score. However, the only significant difference was obtained in the left cavernous body of the venous failure group.

Conclusions

Sonoelastography seems to add additional value for determination of stiffness of the penile cavernous body in routine evaluation of ED.
Cavity-enhanced photoacoustic sensor based on a whispering-gallery-mode diode laser
Authors: Pan Yufeng , Dong Lei , Wu Hongpeng , Ma Weiguang , Zhang Lei , Yin Wangbao , Xiao Liantuan , Jia Suotang , Tittel Frank K.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. A cavity-enhanced photoacoustic (CEPA) sensor was developed based on an ultra-narrow linewidth whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) diode laser. A cavity-enhanced photoacoustic module (CEPAM) was designed to match the output beam from WGM-diode laser, resulting in an increase of the excitation light power, which, in turn, significantly enhanced the photoacoustic signal amplitude. The results show that a signal gain factor of 166 was achieved, which is in excellent agreement with the power enhancement factor of 175 after considering the power transmissivity. The performance of the sensor was evaluated in terms of the detection sensitivity and linearity. A 1σ detection limit of 0.45 ppmV for C2H2 detection was obtained at atmospheric pressure with a 1-s averaging time.