bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Power Transmission and Transformation Project Establishing and Decision-Making Based on ASU-MOPSO Algorithm
Authors: Sun Ke , Xu Kai , Zheng Zhao Ming , Ding Xiao Yu , Sun Ke , Chen Hong Wei , Jiang Quan Yuan
Published: February 2014

This paper demonstrates an asynchronous-stepwise updated strategy multi-objective particle swarm optimization (ASU-MOPSO) algorithm to improve the convergence and diversity of the multi-objective particle swarm optimization. In the process of the elite reduction, we utilize the asynchronous grid strategy to filter particles since this strategy has lower computing complexity. Meanwhile, the stepwised Euclidean crowding distance strategy is presented to filter particles within every grid, which uses the sum of the Euclidean distance with the two nearest particles to replace of the traditional crowding distance. This strategy can avoid the destruction of distribution diversity. Finally, our algorithm is successfully applied for the actual power transmission and transformation project establishing and decision-making problem. Comparing with traditional MOPSO based on crowding distance strategy and grid strategy, our algorithm can obtain the better solution.
Determining Temperature Regulating Factor for Refrigeration Engineering Phase Change Material
Authors: Zheng Jia , Li Jie , Guan Xiang Yi , Han Shuang , Zhang Yi Ming
Published: February 2014

In order to characterize the temperature regulating ability of fabrics containing phase change material (PCM), the test has been designed. To assess temperature regulating ability, temperature regulating factor (TRF) is determined. TRF is defined as a quotient of the amplitude of the temperature variation of the hot plate and the amplitude of the heat flux variation divided by the steady state heat resistance of the fabric. The test instrument presented here is intended to be used for testing steady state and transient state characteristics of the apparel fabrics containing the PCMs. This test instrument can be used in quality control during the manufacture of fabrics containing PCMs. TRF can be used in clothing industry to establish the criteria for comfort parameters of textiles.
Application of Offshore Concrete Constructions for Ocean Renewable Energy Storage (ORES)
Authors: Li Wei Feng , Ma Su Hua , Shen Xiao Dong
Published: February 2014

Storage of energy generated by offshore wind farms still addresses one of the vexing problems inherent in offshore renewable energy such as offshore wind or solar energy how to store excess energy. Researchers tried to apply concrete in the energy storage of offshore wind farm recently, including the OTEC artificial energy islands, the MITS Ocean Renewable Energy Storage (ORES) and Belgiums energy atoll, and the progresses were reviewed.
Study on Preparation of Biodiesel with Monomer Acid
Authors: Liu Xiao Feng
Published: February 2014

An esterification reaction of monomer acid with methanol using p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst for the preparation of biodiesel was studied. The process variables that influence the esterification of monomer acid, such as catalyst concentration, molar ratio of methanol to acid, reaction time and reaction temperature, were investigated and optimized. Through the single factor experiment, the optimum conditions obtained for the esterification were molar ratio of methanol to acid 3:1, usage amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid 6% and reaction time 3h, reaction temperature 70°C.The produced biodiesel was found to exhibit fuel properties within the limits prescribed by the latest American Standards for Testing Material (ASTM) and 0#diesel oil.
Analysis on Application of Heat Recovery to Energy-Saving Benefit of Ice-Warm-Hot Water Dispenser
Authors: Chen Ting Yu , Jwo Ching Song , Hung Meng Hsien , Liu Yi Chia
Published: February 2014

This study aims to reduce running time of ice-warm-hot drinking system in heating and refrigerating for the purpose of saving energy. In the experiment warm water heat exchanger and preheater are used to perform primary and secondary preheating of raw water and cooling the water fed into the ice water bucket to reduce running time of heater and refrigerating system. The experiment result shows that the system equipped with heat recovery device can reduce times of heating and refrigerating under heat preservation mode for 24 hours; under differential operation conditions, the system equipped with warm water heat exchanger and preheater saves energy by 7.9%-35.2%. The heat recovery device installed by this study indeed reduces electricity consumption of the system.
Research on the Low-Carbon Technology Innovation System of Petroleum Enterprises
Authors: Luo Jie
Published: February 2014

Technological innovation is the core activity of petroleum enterprises. Low-carbon technology innovation system construction and optimization play a decisive role for improving the ability of technological innovation and sustainable development. Based on analyzing the meaning of enterprise technology innovation system, detailed the structure of the low-carbon technology innovation system of petroleum enterprises, pointed out the direction and the main content of the low-carbon technology innovation system optimization, and provided a reference for Chinese petroleum enterprises to develop low-carbon technology innovation.
Three-Phases-Agglomeration Development of China's New Energy Industry: Experience Reference of USA, Japan & EU
Authors: Hu Jing , Zhao Yu Lin
Published: February 2014

The paper stated the concept of new energy and characteristics of new energy industry, and then illustrated the agglomeration practice of new energy industry in developed countries such as USA, Japan and EU counties, mainly on solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy as well as ocean energy. By correspondingly stating current status of China's new energy industry, the paper comes to a conclusion that China should develop new energy industry in a three-phases-agglomeration way to achieve a high-level industry agglomeration effect.
The Alternative Ability of Electricity among End-Use Energy in Jilin Province
Authors: Niu Dong Xiao , Chen Yan Chao , Li Bing Jie , Xing Mian
Published: February 2014

This paper studies the end-use energy consumption of Jilin Province in 2000-2011 and analyzesthe variation of energy structure. According to the national and local developingtrends of policy, a more scientific translation model is presented to quantify the economic and environmental impact and compare the advantages and disadvantages of a variety of end-use energy. Then some advices and measuresare made to promote the healthy and rapid development of electricity, and to improve the efficiency of end-use energy.
Experimental Study on the Pyrolysis Characteristics of the Poplar Wood
Authors: Yang Dong , Lou Zai Qiang , Zhang Xiao Jie , Zhang Meng
Published: February 2014

The thermal gravimetric analysis of poplar was carried out at heating rates of 20°C/min,40°C/min and 60°C/min with the thermogravimetric analyzer,model Q50.The analysis of TG and DTG curves indicates that the pyrolysis process of the poplar is divided into four stages of drying, pyrolysis preheating, pyrolysis and charring.The thermal hysteresis occurs with the heating rates increasing.
Potential Geographic Distribution Areas of Mononychellus mcgregori in Guangxi Province
Authors: Lu Hui , Lu Fu Ping , Xu Xue Lian , Chen Qing
Published: February 2014

The cassava green mite (Mononychellus mcgregori) was listed as a quarantine pest in the world. The risk of invasion of M. mcgregori was on the increasing with the development of foreign trade, especially in Guangxi province, China. Therefore the prediction of geographic distribution areas and pest risk analysis should be done urgently. In this paper potential geographic distribution areas of M. mcgregori in Guangxi were predicted with niche model MaxEnt. Through validating prediction result and analyzing technical parameter AUC-value, it is sure that niche model MaxEnt is suitable for predicting potential distribution areas of M. mcgregori in Guangxi. At the same time the useful method would be utilized to predict potential geographic distribution areas of other cassava pests.
Characteristics of Seed-Setting of Two Ecotypes Leymus chinensis on Heterogeneity Soil
Authors: Zhou Chan , Zhu Jun Feng , Liang Hui , Zhang Zhuo , Yang Yun Fei
Published: February 2014

Characteristics of seed-setting of two Leymus chinensisecotypes under saline-alkali soil and sandy soil habitats on Songnen plain were studied, such as number of grains and seed-setting percentage. The results showed that number of grains and seed-setting percentage of two L. chinensisecotypes fluctuated within a certain range. Variation coefficients of single spike grain number and seed-setting percentage were 79.37% and 87.2% higher. The number of grains and seed-setting percentage of two L. chinensisecotypes under saline-alkali soil habitat were lower than those under sandy soil habitat. Significance test showed that seed-setting percentage of two L. chinensisecotypes, and the single spike grain number of grey-green L. chinensisecotypes between saline-alkali soil habitat and sandy soil habitat were significant or very significant. In results, the sexual reproduction of two L. chinensisecotype populations had a stronger adaptation for the habitats, the two ecotypes take the same adaptable reproduction strategy, due to the change of habitat condition, the characteristics of seed-setting have a plastic changes accordingly, and individual difference in population under the same habitat was resulted by microhabitat differences.
Molecular Cloning and Computational Analysis of Rice OsEm Gene
Authors: Fan Jing , Huang Ming Yuan , Zhang Xi Yu , Liang Zi , Xu Cheng Hao
Published: February 2014

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins play important roles in enhancing the resistance of plants to adverse stresses and promoting seeds development and maturation. TheOsEmgene in rice is one of LEA protein-encoding genes, however, physical and chemical properties, phylogenetic relationship and protein-protein interaction network of it are still unknown. Here, the full length cDNA ofOsEmwas cloned using nested RT-PCR, the sequencing result was then computational analyzed using bioinformatics approaches. The results showed thatOsEmencoded a high hydrophilic protein with small molecule weight, it is mainly composed of alpha helix, extended strand, beta turn, random coil and contains a conserved region with 20 amino acid residues. Phylogenetic analysis showed that OsEM protein has the nearest phylogenetic relationship to BiEM1, but has the distant phylogenetic relationship to BnEM6. Results of protein-protein interaction network showed the expression ofOsEmgene was regulated by complexes ofVP1/BZ8orVP1/TRAB1. This work is helpful to further define the function ofOsEmgene and provide useful information for improving the adverse stress tolerance of plants in the future.
Temporal-Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Estrogenic Compounds in the Rivers around the Northern Taihu Lake
Authors: Zhou Ling , Yuan Xu Yin , Zhao Xue Qiang , Guo Rong Rong , Li Tian Yuan
Published: February 2014

Investigate Five Estrogenic compounds (E1, E2, E3, EE2, and BPA) in the rivers around the northern Taihu Lake to realize their distributions in different regions. The results show the median concentrations of four estrogenic compounds range from 1.96 to 143.29ng/L, with the detection proportions ranging from 12.5% to 100%, respectively. The concentrations of estrogenic compounds in waters reveal regular changes with seasons, higher contents in winter. Besides, considerable variations spatially are observed in the different rivers. Levels of estrogenic compounds in rivers of Yixing City are higher than those of Suzhou City and Wuxi City. Using the calculation of risk quotient (RQ) assessed the risk. The RQ values of E1, E2, E3 and BPA are 0.02~1.87, 1.28~23.22, 0.01~0.80 and 0.03~0.44 respectively, which indicate that harmful ecological effects might happen in some rivers.
A New Matching Algorithm Based on Characteristic Points of Epipolar Line
Authors: Xu Ai Hua , Tao An , Zhuo Jia Jing , Sun Lan Qiong
Published: February 2014

The characteristic points matching is the hot point in the aerial images processing. The matching algorithm of characteristic points based on epipolar line was put forward according to the characteristics of aerial images. This algorithm overcomes some problems in the process of image sampling, solves the matching problem of untextured regions better, and deletes the dissimilarity points, shortens the calculation time greatly as well.
The Research of the Ground Penetrating Radar Wave Velocity Estimation Method Based on QR Decomposition
Authors: Qiao Xu , Ji Wan Jun , Zhu Kai , Yang Feng
Published: February 2014

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a kind of geophysical instruments, which has been widely applied in geology, engineering, resource, environment, military etc. The method mentioned in this paper based on QR decomposition, by solving equations to find the estimated value of the radar wave velocity. This method delivers the features of real-time, accurate, and the accuracy required is not high. It is suitable for real time estimation of GPR detection. By estimating the wave velocity, we can identify the spatial location of underground target. This method provides a convenient way for the detection of underground target.
Comparing of Coordinate Transformation Based on Total Least Squares and Least Squares
Authors: Meng Qing Wu , Meng Lu
Published: February 2014

The coordinate transformation models based on least square method and total least square are built and discussed. The least square model only includes the errors of observation vectors, the total least square model simultaneously takes into consideration to the errors of observation vectors and the errors of coefficient matrix. The both models are verified and compared in experiment. The experimental results showed that the model of total least square is more in line with actual, and more reasonable than by least square theoretically, and the coordinate transformation solution result of total least square with least square is more near.
Depositional Model and Development Significance of Clastic Reservoir
Authors: Liu Wei Fu , Liu Shuang Long , Han Hong Ying
Published: February 2014

A general geologic sedimentation model for reservoir is made by carefully analyzing the inberent essence of depositional environmentand for clastic rocks of lake basin. The basic model in the streaming environment is composed of two basic facies units: one is the waterway facie and the other is non-waterway facie. The principal characteristics of developing geology and sedimentology have been outlined. It can be commonly used in developing under-producted reserves and raising recovery ratio in the highly developed oil fields.
Sandbody Prediction by Frequency Spectrum Analysis in High-Resolution Sequence Framework of the Third Section of Qingshankou Formation, Xingxi Oil Field
Authors: Wang Zhi Chao , Liu Hao , Zhang Liang , Li Ying
Published: February 2014

The third section of Qingshankou formation can be divided into five subsequence groups in Xingxi oil field, including two in TST and three in HST. Using spectral decomposition techniques make it easy to predict the sand body decomposition. The sandstone lithology comparison on wells show a high degree of aggrement, indicating that the spectral decomposition techniques for the deposition of sand body prediction is a good way. However, this method can only play an important role in qualitative, not suitable for quantitative analysis.
Apply Roof-Broken the Blasting Technique to Control Rock Burst
Authors: Liu Zhen Wen , Hao Chuan Bo
Published: February 2014

In working mining process of No.108 coal seam in Shengli Mine, the lower triangular goaf area hanging arch caused shock pressure. For this, The theoretical analysis do this weaken the roof through the roof-broken blasting technology, to optimize blasting design parameters, combined with the actual situation of the working surface to improve the blasting process, improve the top relief solve risk technology and solve the problem of rock burst. The application shows: successful implementation of advanced deep hole pre-splitting blasting to address a key challenge for charge and blasting technology, effective control of the roof power mutation occurs, improve the safety factor of the mining area, and provides an important mining work under similar conditions.
Numerical Study on Seepage Mechanism of Rock Failure
Authors: Liu Hong Lei , Qin Tao
Published: February 2014

Based on the heterogeneity of rock, the application of the theory of elastic damage mechanics, the Biot seepage mechanics and the theory of effective stress, considering the rock damage before and after the crack extension and penetration, the numerical calculation model using software RFPA is established in this article. Through the simulation research of rock specimens under the conditions of different osmotic pressure difference of seepage damage law, results show that the permeability coefficient of the rock and the crack, expansion and penetration is directly related to, but also affected by the failure mode of the rock. Permeability changes obviously lags behind the rock damage and crack or fissure extension, permeability of kick also lags behind the peak strength of rock.
Factors of Extracting Lithium from Lepidolite by Sulfate Roasting and Dilute Sulphuric Acid Leaching
Authors: Kong Xiang Zhong , Ye Hua , Qin Yu
Published: February 2014

Sulfate roasting and dilute sulphuric acid leaching were applied to extract lithium from lepidolite. Several conditions including roasting temperature, roasting time, K2SO4and CaO were investigated to improve the lithium extraction efficiency, the final lithium extraction efficiency could attain 94% with the conditions as follows: roasting temperature 850°C, roasting time 2 h, K2SO4to lepidolite mass ratio 0.15 and CaO to lepidolite mass ratio 0.75.
Experimental Investigation on Flotation of Refractory Copper Oxidized Ore
Authors: Mao Ying Bo , Wen Shu Ming , Fang Jian Jun , Wei Zhi Chong , Zhang Tie Min , Jiang Tai Guo
Published: February 2014

To improve the recovery of copper from refractory copper oxidized ore by sulfidization-flotation process. The result determined the optimal flotation process parameters of refractory copper oxidized ore, and the better quota selecting separately obtained by a large number of research. The copper concentrate grade reaches 10.85%, the recovery reaches 57.41%.
Simple Analysis of Low Permeability Sandstone Reservoir Stable Production Countermeasures - Taking Jiyuan Oilfield Yuan 214 Chang 4-5 Reservoir as an Example
Authors: Wang Meng , Hu Rui , Shen Tian Dan , Han Bo Wen , Lu Ming Xu
Published: February 2014

The efficient development of low permeability reservoir exploration and development at home and abroad has been a difficult and hot issues. Changqing Oilfield is the permeability, low pressure, low abundance of the "three low" oil and gas fields, is the world famous low permeability. In recent years, with the low permeability of Changqing Oilfield fast on the scale of production, development and gradually increase the difficulty, well production decreased year by year, oil layers, layer contradictions become increasingly prominent. Changqing Oilfield how old stable production, it will be a challenging task. In this paper, Changqing Oilfield per 214 Jiyuan Chang 4 +5 reservoir, for example, focuses on the reservoir of the reservoir by strengthening fine management and implement water policies, improve water technical control, good water injection, inject enough water, improve the capacity of the reservoir stable production, improve development effectiveness.
Method for Calculating Dynamic Reserves of Water Drive Gas Reservoir with Considering of Water-Sealing Gas
Authors: Zhang Xu , Liu Wei Hua
Published: February 2014

When research the behavior of water drive gas reservoirs, especially with large water influx, the first concerned is, how many gas is sealed, how many water seals the gas? Therefore, it is very important to study the amount of water-sealing gas, unsealed gas, and water influx. The amount of unsealed gas influences the Recovery Efficiency, and the water influx influences the drainage intensity, when we take the measures of Strong Drainage Gas Recovery, in the future. In this paper, we analysis Material Balance Equation; establish objective functions with Formation Pressure and gas production data; auto-match by Least-square Method; directly calculate the dynamic reserves of water drive gas reservoir, and the amount of water-sealing gas and water influx. The example calculation of well HB1, proved that the calculation results of this method is more accurate and reliable than in the past, and it is simple and practical as well.
Analysis on the Relationship between Specialization and Innovation of Technology in Chinese Cities
Authors: Xia Lei , Hu Jin Yu
Published: February 2014

Specialization refers to externalities of the specialization in the form of industrial agglomeration. We pick up the data of 198 prefecture-level cities of China during the years 2007-2009 from the view of the effects of spillover of technology, in order to calculate the specialization index and analyze its features, and finally we study on the data to find out how specialization and diversity can make a contribution to the innovation of civil technology theoretically and practically and make suggestions on the corresponding policies as well. The results suggest that:(1) The relatively specialized industries in the cities of China is stable, and the specialization index of the cities who possess abundant natural resources such as the industries of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and mining is even higher, meanwhile the capital cities own a higher diversity index. (2) Both of educational expense and GDP affect the innovation of urban technology positively and significantly.
Analysis on the Crowding-Out Effect of Tourism and Regional Differences
Authors: Wang Jun Ni , Wan Yong Kun , Dong Suo Cheng
Published: February 2014

After the reform of Chinas tax system, in the case of an established local fiscal revenue, due to the differences in local infrastructure, under the influence of different investment and tourism-oriented input and output levels, the crowding-out effect of tourism industry varies. This paper validates this inference, and concludes that the crowding-out effect of tourism over other industries is small in areas with larger tourism scale such as Beijing which is either historical and cultural city, or political and economic center, with an emphasize on tertiary industry development; while the crowding-out effect of tourism over other industries is the largest in areas with smaller travel size, which is either landlocked but rich in tourism resources, or lacks of tourism resources but plays the key position of foreign trade. Regions of medium tourism scale are mostly dominated by secondary industry. Although the investment in tourism has increased in recent years, the propensity of government and private investment is firstly towards local leading industries, thus the production factors needed for development of the tourism industry have been occupied by local leading industries. And finally, the corresponding development strategies have been proposed for tourism industry with different crowding-out effect.
Numerical Simulation of Human Thermal Comfort with Different Thermal Boundary Conditions in Buildings
Authors: Peng Qing Long , Qi Zhao Hui , Gan Xia , Li Chao
Published: February 2014

How to use numerical simulation method to analyze human body heat transfer and human thermal comfort is introduced in this paper systematically. Under the same working conditions, numerical simulation of human body heat transfer has been finished based on three thermal boundary conditions, and then the results are compared. The results show that the third thermal boundary condition is better than the first and the second one, which have some problems in simulation and are not good at reflecting the fact on thermal comfort of human body. The third thermal boundary condition which is made to adapt the surrounding flow field automatically can get a more accurate result on calculating the heat transfer of different parts on human body and reflect hot or cool feeling preferably, which proves that the method put forward in this article to research the human body comfort is feasible.
A Study on the Psychological Structure Model of Garden Aesthetics Evaluation
Authors: Wu Yu Qing , Xiong Xing Yao
Published: February 2014

Along with the development of social economy and culture industry, Garden Aesthetic Evaluation is becoming one of the focus issues for culture industrial administration department and tourists. This paper holds the view that different factors which affect the garden aesthetic perception will not influence the evaluation results linearly and irrelevantly. These factors have their own psychological foundation which are complicated and interactional psychological structure formation in the forming of aesthetic perception. By the Structure Equation Model (SEM), this article used the theoretical research and empirical study on garden aesthetics evaluation and the research results show that the data support the hypothesis of psychological structure formation in achieving garden aesthetics perception. The Researchers can design different structure models for different types of gardens, and obtain data by random sampling in the follow-up studies.
The Influence of Soil Moisture Cotent on the Numerical Simulation of Dust Storms
Authors: Wang Jin Yan , Wei Lin Bo , Zhao Zong Suo , Li Xu , Zhang Zhi Wei
Published: February 2014

In this paper, the influence of the soil moisture content on the the dust emission proceed is discussed by using an integrated numerical simulation and forecast system of dust storms based on the physical mechanisms of sand and dust emissions by wind erosion. The results show that the influence of soil moisture content on the dust emission is very distinguished, and soil moisture content is one of the most important parameters as input conditions in the forcasting model systems of dust storm. The prediction capability of numerical dust model is improved by estimated the surface soil moisture content for dust model system.
Life Cycle Analysis on Atmospheric and Vacuum Distillation Process: Energy Consumption and Emissions
Authors: Sun Ren Jin , Li Hui , Chung Keng , Ma Ning
Published: February 2014

Life Cycle Analysis was performed for 10 million tons of atmospheric and vacuum distillation operation unit, calculateing energy consumption and emissions of pollutants in five stages, including crude oil extraction, oil transport, crude oil processing, product using and product transport. Based on the analysis, it proposes several countermeasures of pollutant emissions. Subsequent articles discuss the two models of the life cycle costs in delayed coking process which using the actual refinery instance data.
Characterization and Bioinformatics Analysis of C-4 Sterol Methyl Oxidase from Monascus purpureus
Authors: Yao Jiang Ning , Liao Nan Qing , Li Hao Ming
Published: February 2014

A gene encoding a putative C-4 sterol methyl oxidase was obtained by screening Monascus purpureus cDNA library. Bioinformatics analysis showed that this protein has a primary structure, a hydrophobicity profile and a pattern of histidine-rich motifs which are typical of C-4 methyl sterol oxidases. The deduced C-4 sterol methyl oxidase protein of M. purpureus contained 259 amino acid, with molecular mass of 30,299Da. Sequence alignment analysis revealed that M. purpureus deduced C-4 sterol methyl oxidase was closely related to C-4 sterol methyl oxidase from Aspergillus, Penicillium and Byssochlamys, and highly homologous to aforementioned and other known C-4 sterol methyl oxidase. The deduced protein is of a membrane protein with two transmembrane helices, which belongs to the fatty acid hydroxylase superfamily. The consistency of the comparison results of the primary structure, secondary structure and physicochemical properties suggests that the dedued protein may well be C-4 sterol methyl oxidase.
Low Light Affacting Alkaloids Accumulation and Related Biosynthetic Pathway Genes Expression in Leaves of Catharanthus roseus Seedlings
Authors: Liu Ying , Li De Wen , Zhang Zhong Hua , Zu Yuan Gang
Published: February 2014

The alkaloids contents were investigated by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in Catharanthus roseus aseptic seedlings leaves, the expressions of terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) biosynthesis pathway genes were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The plastic films treatment induces a low light condition. HPLC analysis shows, the contents of vindoline (VIN) and catharanthine (CAT) are slight increase first and significant decrease (p<0.05) under plastic films, the vinblastine (VBL) content increase and reach the maximum (0.028 mg g-1±0.0051) on the 15th day of treatment. TIA biosynthesis pathway genes expression change under low light. The correlation analysis indicates, VIN accumulation is significantly correlated with the gene expression of desacetoxyvindoline-4-hydroxylase (D4h) and deacetylvindoline-4-O-acetyl transferase (Dat), and CAT accumulation is significantly correlated with strictosidine synthase (Str) gene expression (p<0.05). The low light treatment with plastic films accelerates the accumulation of VBL in C. roseus seedlings leaves.
Research on the Isolation, Identification and Degradation Characteristics of Two Hydrocarbon Degrading Strain
Authors: Wang Fang Mei , Sun Tian Tian , Zhao Sheng Ke , Lv Bo Yi , Liu Jin Biao , Shi Xiao Feng , Huang Lei
Published: February 2014

Through batch-enrichments from contaminated sea-bed mud in Bohai sea we have isolated and characterized two bacterial strains named T7-2 and T7-7 that can better use hydrocarbons as a source of carbon and energy at 15°C than others. The mixed bacteria was used to degraded diesel oilGudao light crude oil from Shengli Oilfield and Guan 69-8 heavy crude oil from Dagang Oilfield then the degradation rates were 81.11%, 97.05% and 61.08%.
Interaction of 4-Nitroaniline with Serum Albumin
Authors: Liang Yan Qiu , Zhang Ying
Published: February 2014

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) interaction with 4-nitroaniline was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy respectively. 4-Nitroaniline can strongly quench intrinsic fluorescence of BSA and HSA. 4-Nitroaniline exhibits a high affinity to bovine and human serum albumins. The binding constantsKand the number binding sitenwere obtained by double-log regression equation. Negative enthalpy (ΔH) and positive entropy (ΔS) values indicated that both hydrogen bond and hydrophobic forces played a major role in the binding of 4-nitroaniline and SA. The results of synchronous fluorescence showed the polarity around tryptophan residues was decreased and the hydrophobicity was increased.
Mobile Vehicle-Borne Environmental Monitoring Based on Environmental Multi-Sensor Integration
Authors: Yang Nan , Shao Zhen Feng , Zhang Lei
Published: February 2014

Environmental monitoring is increasingly playing a significant role in such aspects as environment protection, emergency disaster response and rescue, and macro decision-making etc. However, the intrinsic characteristics of complexity and spatial-temporal diversity, multi-scale features and heterogeneity brought from various means of data acquisition make the integration of multi-source data with high-efficiency becomes an international challenge nowadays. In this paper, the design and implementation of a vehicle-borne platform based on Internet of Things for environmental monitoring has been achieved. And then, by merging and matching environmental data and spatial data, more intensive multi-source environmental parameters and information can be obtained to act as meaningful supplementation of fixed environmental monitoring stations. The research of this paper is conductive to the transition of environmental monitoring from static methods to dynamic methods and from a small amount of data-based empirical model to sensor network-based quantitative model. Mobile environmental monitoring platform integrating with multiple sensors that can make environmental monitoring more timely, dynamic, integrated and intelligent will be the beneficial attempt and the development trend.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green by Photocatalyst SrBi4O7 under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Yang Ying Chun , Wang Xin Zhi , Qu Jing
Published: February 2014

Visible-light responsive SrBi4O7 photocatalyst was prepared by a traditional copreparation method. The photocatalyst was characterized by XRD and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra. The as-prepared photocatalysts were used for the photocatalytic degradation of malachite green (MG) under visible light irradiation. Preparation conditions of catalysts, concentration of malachite green, photocatalyst dosage, irradiation time and photocatalytic reaction kinetics have been investigated. Under the optimized reaction conditions, decolourization ratio and COD removal rates of MG were 99.62% and 95.6%, respectively. The results indicate that SrBi4O7 has good photocatalytic activities for the decomposition of MG. And it has the potential higher visible light photocatalytic activity with a band gap of 2.44 eV.
Microbial Communities in Anaerobic Acidification-Denitrification and Methanogenesis Process for Cassava Stillage Treatment
Authors: Xie Li , Ji Chi , Wang Rui , Zhou Qi
Published: February 2014

This study investigated operational performance and microbial communities in the integrated acidification-denitrification bioreactor and the followed methanogenesis process. Industrial wastewater, cassava stillage (CS) was used as the carbon source amended with or without nitrate. The results showed that acidification and denitrification could occur simultaneously in a single acidification-denitrification reactor, and denitrificatoin did not suppress the acidogenic activity. Both denitrification and DNRA could contribute to nitrate reduction and proportions of them were about 60% and 40% respectively at the tested condition of COD/NO3-Nof 50. The introduction of nitrate into acidogenic phase did not have any effect on the followed methanogenic process. Microbial communities sampled from two systems were analyzed by culture-independent techniques based on PCR-DGGE. The relative abundance of acid-producing bacteria (primarily Parabacteroides distasonis and Chloroflexi) in the nitrate-amended reactor further confirmed that the addition of nitrate did not suppress the activity of acid-producing bacteria. Bacteria involved in denitrification and DNRA were also detected. The archaeal communities in methanogenic reactors of two systems showed no significant differences. And Methanoculleus and Methanolobus were the dominant bacteria in the culture.
The Analysis of Adsorptive Ability of Pb, Cd by Acorus calamus
Authors: Li Yang , You Shao Hong , Jin Xu , Lin Zi Yu
Published: February 2014

The article analyzed the adsorptive ability of acorus calamus to Pb,Cd in soil through pot experiment. The results show that with the increase of concentration of this two kinds of heavy metals,the growth of acorus calamus have been obviously affected.The concentration of two kinds of heavy metals in the acorus calamus root is far more than in the cauline leaf,which show that acorus calamus have very strong retention effect on these five kinds of heavy metals. As acorus calamus absorb the Pb much more than Cd can be seen through the experiment.
The Study of Carbon Emissions Monitoring System for Inland River Ships
Authors: Zhang Jian , Zhang Yue Wen , Liu An Cheng , Zhang Peng
Published: February 2014

In order to study the carbon emission characteristics of inland ships, a carbon emission monitoring system is designed. By real-time monitoring of oil consumption and the method of tree of decision in ship discharge, it achieves the monitor of carbon emission. The recursive least square method and Wilcoxon symbols average rank test are used to improve the precision of the carbon emissions monitoring. Finally, through carbon testing experiment, it demonstrates the feasibility of the carbon emission monitoring system, and finds that the main factor affecting the accuracy of the system is carbon oxidation rate.
Start-Up of the Anaerobic Fluidized Bed
Authors: Sun Xiao Ming , Liu Jing Yang , Qiao Qi
Published: February 2014

Inoculated with anaerobic digester sludge of municipal sewage treatment plant, using the method of organic load increasing, anaerobic fluidized beds was started-up after 82 days. At organic loading rate of 5kgCOD/m3·d, the COD removal rate was 81%. The structure of this biofilm is good and propitious to further domestication.
Validate the DSSAT Model on Winter Wheat under Conservation Tillage Treatments in the West Henan, China
Authors: Lu Xiang Hui , Bai Hua , Liu Hui Ying
Published: February 2014

Crop growth simulation models can be useful in evaluating the impacts of different tillage and residue management operations on the changes in land productivity and soil-water balance components. They offer a potentially valuable set of tools for examining questions related to performance of conservation agriculture. This can be both to improve our understanding or conceptualization of processes and to improve quantitative predictions for use by agronomists, growers, policy makers or others. We applied the new Decision Support System for Agro-technology Transfer (DSSAT) version 4.5, an improved crop growth simulation model, to three conservation agriculture treatments and one conventional tillage treatment data from a field-scale study in west Henan region of China to predict winter-wheat yield, leaf area index and soil-water balance. The sites average annual precipitation is 632mm and it had a winter wheat-fallow-winter wheat rotation. There winter wheat planting in October and harvesting in next year June. The model was calibrated using 2005-2006 winter-wheat crop data from field experiments of the four treatments. The treatments were: (1) decreased tillage (DT): mulching of 10-15cm height straw and one ploughing operation to 25cm depth on July 1st; (2) zero tillage (ZT): zero tillage with 35-40cm height straw mulching; (3) subsoiling (SS): 35-40cm height straw mulching and subsoil to 40cm depth on July 1st; (4) conventional tillage (CT): 10-15cm height straw mulching and two ploughing operations 20cm deep on July 1st and October 1st. The DSSAT satisfactorily simulated the four treatments variations in winter-wheat yield, leaf area index and soil-water balance. There was better agreement between observed and predicted yields (the error absolute values were less than 3.95% and the error mean absolute values were less than 2.78%). The mean value of root mean square errors (RMSE) for simulated leaf area index (LAI) and soil water storage were 0.41cm2·cm-2 and 0.08cm3·cm-3 for DT, ZT, SS and CT, treatment respectively. The predicted water use efficiency for the four treatments were 15.85, 15.40, 16.58 and 15.81kg·mm-1·ha-1, respectively. These values were close to the values calculated from field measured data (16.82, 14.44, 16.86 and 15.66kg·mm-1·ha-1, respectively). Although the analysis results show us that the DSSAT V4.5 is well suited for simulating winter-wheat growth in the West Henan region of China, these results are preliminary and based on only one year of experimental data and four treatments and further long-term analyses need to be carried out for improving the understanding of the conservation agriculture cropping systems in the west Henan region of China.
Allelopathic Effect of Sargassum fusiforme on Growth of Karenia mikimotoi
Authors: Yuan Chun Ying , Zhao Yang , Yang Shuo , Cui Qing Man
Published: February 2014

Allelopathic effect of Sargassum fusiforme on growth of Karenia mikimotoi was studied, the results showed that: fresh tissue and dry powder of S. fusiforme had a good inhibitory effect on the K. mikimotoi growth, and enhanced with the increase of mass concentration.The concentration dependence relationship was existed between S. fusiforme and K. mikimotoi. Aqueous extract of S. fusiforme had a promoting effect on K. mikimotoi at low concentration, and showed obvious inhibition at high concentration, in the 1.6 g/L of extract group, K. mikimotoi died on day 8. It illustrated that the inhibition of S. fusiforme on K. mikimotoi was implemented mainly by its soluble components.
Analysis of Implementation the Key Technologies of Green Manufacturing
Authors: Huang Ji You , Zhu Hai Yan
Published: February 2014

green manufacturing is the reflection of the human society sustainable development strategy in modern manufacturing. This paper firstly introduced the concept and connotation of green manufacturing. And then analyzed the green manufacturing strategy implementation process exists some barriers such as the market, the organization and the technologies. And secondly corresponding researched the influence mechanism of the implementation of green manufacturing of the market barriers, the organizational barriers and the technical barriers. Finally detailed studied the key technologies of the green manufacturing, such as the entire life cycle of products from design, material selection, production, packaging, use to scrap process.
Optimal Design of Salt Water Recycle System with Non-Filler Evaporating Tower
Authors: Zhao Yu Qing , Li Zhi Yong , Zhang Li Yang , Liu Yu Qiang , Zhu Ji Nian , Lin Zhen , Li Fen Xia
Published: February 2014

In order to attain a simple and reliable process in the salt recycle in industrial waste water, non-filler evaporating tower is proposed. Based on the heat and mass transfer theory, the saline wastewater recycle process is proposed, and the sensitivity of water evaporating rate to the tower height and the inlet salt water temperature is analyzed. The numerical simulation is developed, which establishes optimal parameters of the process.
Characteristics of Atmospheric Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) in Summer in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Tang Tian Tong , Wei Qin Zhi , Peng Xiao Wu , Huang Jiong Li , Zheng Jing , Wang Yu Yu , Liang Lin Han , Ye Si Yang
Published: February 2014

The concentration and distribution features of MTBE in the atmosphere in Shenzhen were studied by analyzing samples which were collected in three consecutive days. In this study, pre-concentrator technology and gas chromatography were used. The result showed that the MTBE could was detected in atmosphere of the Shenzhen, and the range of its concentration was from 0.086 - 1.453μgm-3, including the daily average concentration of 0.662±0.334μgm-3 in industrial area, 0.331±0.216μgm-3 in commercial residential area, 0.258±0.154μgm-3 in tourist area, and 0.158±0.045μgm-3 in background area. The MTBE concentration in industrial area was 2 times of the commercial residential area, 2.6 times of tourist area and 7 times of the background area. These differences were statistically significant (p<0.008) by the Kruskal-Wallis Test. The MTBE concentration was the highest during one day in the period of 17:00-19:00 of industrial area, which was 0.716±0.306μgm-3. However, the MTBE concentration in the commercial residential area and tourist area were highest in the period of 11:00-13:00, the MTBE concentration were 0.394±0.224μgm-3 and 0.446±0.069μgm-3 respectively. In the workday, the industrial area and commercial residential area were higher compared to the weekend, and the tourist area showed opposite trends, but no matter the comparison of hour average concentration or the workday and weekend, the difference were not statistically significant. It was concluded that the MTBE concentration in atmosphere environment in Shenzhen has the typical spatial specificity because of the different source of MTBE, but has no the time specificity.
Treatment of Mariculture Wastewater Using Constructed Wetlands under Antibiotic Interference
Authors: Wang Qi Shuo , Li Ji Guang , Wang Chun Jun , Cai Xiu Ping , Sun Hui , Tao Min
Published: February 2014

Wetland wastewater treatment commonly used in farming, but aquaculture wastewater often contains large amounts of antibiotics, making the wetland system there is uncertainty on the removal of contaminants. To this end, this paper four antibiotics (Ampicillin, Oxytetracycline, Bacitracin, Colistin sulfate) composite vertical flow constructed wetland wastewater treatment on the effects of mariculture. The results showed that for the next four kinds of antibiotics interfere IVCW with TOCNH3-NNO3--N removal rate decreased; But after some time, TE for TOC removal and CS for NO3--N removal was without interference. In addition, wetland microbial resistance to antibiotics will be gradually formed, the lower the formation of drug-resistant and high resistant faster than the upper level, and prolonged use of broad-spectrum antibiotics are more prone to tolerance.
The Influence of Jidong Iron Ore Exploitation on Regional Groundwater Environment
Authors: Liu Xin She , Zhang Li Li , She Shu Qun , Zhao Bin , Liu Da Jin , Wang Yun
Published: February 2014

Jidong Iron Ore lies in the Baimiaozi Series of Dantazi Group, Archaeozoic erathem. With a resource of 2,501.16 million tons and an average grade of over 30%, it is an important iron base of China. The mining area is located at the middle-upper part of alluvial-proluvial fan of the Luanhe River. The ore body is covered with Quaternary gravels and pebbles, in which the aquifer has a large water capacity and is rich in water; therefore it is a water ore deposit and there is great difficulty in sewer drainage of the ore deposit. Besides, sewer drainage may damage underground water environment and incur some environmental problems including land subsidence. In this article, based on the analysis of hydrogeologic condition of the mining area, put forward a hydrogeological concept model of the multilayer aquifer system in which the hydraulic affiliation is quite strong, establish a numerical simulation model describing multilayer aquifer system to predict the evolvement of groundwater flow field due to the mining, then evaluate the influence of mining on the regional groundwater environment, and finally, propose some environmental protection measures. All of the above is of great significance in the method of assessing the influence on the groundwater environment, exploitation of the groundwater resources and environmental protection management during the mine exploitation.
Supply of Quasi-Public Products under Private Participation in Western Region - An Example from Decentralized Wastewater Recycling
Authors: Guo Yi Wei , Liu Xiao Jun
Published: February 2014

As a typical quasi-public product, decentralized wastewater recycling has been inadequate in western region of China. In this paper, it is analyzed and compared different supply models of quasi-public products under private participation. Evolutionary game theory has been introduced to calculate the optimal cooperation point under budget constraints. Based on the study, the suggestions for development of quasi-public products under private participation are provided.
Geophysical Methods Investigation of Contaminant in Underground Water Environment
Authors: Zhang Shan , Liu Han Le
Published: February 2014

This study provides four noninvasive nondestructive geophysical methods to map hydrocarbon spills and landfill leachate in the contaminated area. The basic principles of these methods are based on the anomaly of physical parameters (such as resistivity, conductivity, etc.) to determine the contaminated area. From these application examples can be seen that it is feasible to determine the scope of the pollutants using geophysical methods.