bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of the method for fuzz testing mail services based on an intelligent input parameter mutation
Authors: Samarin N.N.
Published: April 2024

This article proposes a method of fuzz testing mail services based on an intelligent input parameter mutation, which is applicable not only to standard email protocols but also to their extended versions. The research examines the main extensions of POP, IMAP, and SMTP protocols. The described method was applied in laboratory conditions to evaluate its effectiveness compared to traditional fuzz testing methods. The results confirmed the possibility of using the method for fuzz testing not only email clients but also servers. Further research is planned to create intelligent methods for evaluating testing coverage in the absence of prior instrumentation of email client and server source code.
Determination of the splitting function by signal spectrum
Authors: Zorin A.A.
Published: April 2024

In modern telecommunication, spread spectrum techniques often used. Special case of spread spectrum – spectrum splitting. This technique is characterized by signals whose energy is concentrated in two or more spaced portions of the spectrum. If there is a modulating subcarrier in modulation function, and this subcarrier is shorter then duration of transmitted information symbols by a multiplicity factor, then this function provide spectrum splitting. The frequency of this subcarrier called subcarrier frequency, and function of this subcarrier called subcarrier frequency function or splitting function. The main problem of this article is the ability to determine by which split function the original spectrum of the unknown signal has obtained, because during the analysis it is necessary to understand general patterns of the signal formation. The article discusses various signals with spectrum splitting. There is an overview of the methods of spectrum splitting obtained for different types of modulation (phase, amplitude, frequency) and some splitting functions (harmonic, meander and functions of periodic triangular pulses). The spectrums of the signals obtained by different splitting functions are studied and conclusions has drawn on how to determine the splitting function and the type of modulation for the spectrum splitting of an unknown signal.
The use of OFDM signals in pseudorandom tuning of the operating frequency technology (FHSS)
Authors: Kartashevsky V.G. , Semenov E.S. , Cymbal V.A.
Published: April 2024

The paper investigates the ways of organizing FHSS communication system using OFDM signals under the conditions of the measured parameters of the channel used. It is assumed that "protective gaps" are not used in the structure of the group signal FHSS technology. A variant of the formation of the OFDM symbol structure with a "test combination" is considered, the knowledge of which allows the regularization method to solve the problem of estimating the samples of the impulse response of the communication channel with memory. In this case, estimates are obtained from solving a system of algebraic equations, the order of which is determined by the size of the channel memory. To solve the problem of demodulating the signal from the "working package" of the OFDM symbol, estimates of the envelope counts of this part of the OFDM symbol are formed, according to which decisions on the transmitted discrete symbols are recorded at the output of the FFT calculation unit. Data on computer modeling of the problems under consideration are presented, the results of which confirm the possibility of using the proposed solutions for special purpose networks.
The Development of Virtual Food Simulation (VIFO) Media as a Realization of 21st Century Learning Demands
Authors:   Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia, Azrai Eka Putri
Published: April 2024

Information and communication technology is increasingly penetrating almost all areas of human life, including education. One form of technology in education is the emergence of virtual laboratories, which are technology-based learning facilities for acquiring practical skills. This research aims to develop Virtual Food Simulation (VIFO), a virtual laboratory learning media, as a proper biology learning medium. This study uses the Research and Development (RND) method with stages according to the Hannafin and Peck model. This research was conducted from April to July 2023. The research test subjects included expert validators (media experts, material experts, and language experts), biology teachers, and 29 students of class XII MIPA. The average result of the due diligence by media experts, material experts, and linguists was 88.6% in the very feasible category, the results of the use test by biology teachers were 100% in the very good category, and the results of the field test by students were 91.3% in the very good category. The conclusion of this study shows that VIFO learning media is very feasible to be used as a learning medium to support biology practicum and enrich learning media in schools, and in its implementation, students give a positive impression of the media.
Scalable Two-Minute Feedback: Digital, Lecture-Accompanying Survey as a Continuous Feedback Instrument
Authors:   Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany, Egetenmeier Armin
Published: April 2024

Detailed feedback on courses and lecture content is essential for their improvement and also serves as a tool for reflection. However, feedback methods are often only used sporadically, especially in mass courses, because collecting and analyzing feedback in a timely manner is often a challenge for teachers. Moreover, the current situation of the students or the changing workload during the semester are usually not taken into account either. For a holistic investigation, the article used a digital survey format as formative feedback which attempts to measure student stress in a quantitative part and to address the participants’ reflection in a qualitative part, as well as to collect general suggestions for improvement (based on the so-called One-Minute Paper) at two educational institutions. The feedback during the semester is evaluated qualitatively and discussed on a meta-level and special features (e.g. reflections on student work ethic or other courses) are addressed. The results show a low, but constant rate of feedback. Responses mostly cover topics of the lecture content or organizational aspects and were intensively used to report issues within the lecture. In addition, Artificial Intelligence (AI) support in the form of a large language model was tested and showed promising results in summarizing the open-ended responses for the teacher. Finally, the experiences from the lecturers are reflected upon and the results as well as possibilities for improvement are discussed.
Comparison of pain control between lignocaine and prilocaine spray versus oral analgesia in post-circumcision patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial in a tertiary care center
Authors: Nagabhairava Manu K. , Kulkarni Abhishek , Sangle Ameya R. , Javali Tarun , Reddy Mani C. , P. Sandeep
Published: April 2024

Background: Pain in the postoperative period is of particular concern. It is a major barrier in the uptake of circumcision. There are various systemic and local analgesics for the management of postoperative pain. However, data regarding efficacy is scarce. Therefore, the present pilot study was conducted to compare the efficacy of lidocaine and prilocaine spray with oral analgesics for the relief of pain.
Methods: After obtaining ethics approval and written informed consent, 100 patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. After circumcision, patients were randomized into group A (Lidocaine and prilocaine spray) and group B (Oral analgesics). Pain was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) score and patient reported comfort levels were assessed in the postoperative period till 72 hours. Findings were noted and analysed.
Results: Both the groups were similar in terms of demographic characteristics and baseline characteristics. The VAS score was significantly lower in group A and the patient-reported comfort level was significantly more in group A.
Conclusions: We recommend that the lidocaine and prilocaine spray is better in relieving pain in the postoperative period following circumcision as compared to oral analgesics.
Structure of Pathopsychological Syndrome that Determines Schizophrenic Defect is Analyzed from the Position of General Psychology
Authors:   Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University, Prygin G. S. , PRYGINA I. L. ,   Psychoneurological dispensary Republican Clinical Psychiatric Hospital named after. acad. Bekhterev (Naberezhnye Chelny)
Published: April 2024

The structure of pathopsychological syndrome that determines schizophrenic defect is analyzed from the position of general psychology. It is shown that its indicators such as reduction of need-motive characteristics of social behavior regulation, reduction of phyche activity, voluntary process disorder, criticality deficit have their “analogues” in the structure of subjective activity regulation. The results of experimental research are represented. They prove that the low level of regulatory components development and the lack of integrity within the system of schizophrenia patients’ subjective regulation reveal the poor effectiveness of their regulatory system.
Characteristics of Valuem-Semantic Sphere Depending on a Professional Orientation of the Person of the Student
Authors:   Saratov State University, Malyshev I. V.
Published: April 2024

In article the vital values determining development of the person of young people are opened. The author submits results of empirical research of features of valuable sphere of the person at the future experts in system of trades “person — artistic image” and “person — sign”, in particular students focused on creativity and students of philological faculty.
Social Intelligence as the Factor of Effective Activity of Employees Criminally-Executive System
Authors:   South Federal University, Kretova E. P.
Published: April 2024

In article representations about social intelligence, the concept of social intelligence are considered. The structure of social intelligence and sources of its development is allocated, comparison of emotional and social intelligence is resulted. It is underlined features of relations at employees criminally-executive system.
Psycholinguistic Analysis of Errors which Appear in the Process of Foreign Language Learning
Authors:   Saratov State University, Zubkova I. V.
Published: April 2024

In the article psycholinguistic classification of errors which appear in the process of foreign language learning (on an example of English language) is discussed. The reasons of occurrence of errors, ways of their elimination and occurrence preventive maintenance in speech are analyzed. Also the role of linguistic attention in regulation of the specified processes at various stages of interlanguage is considered.
Pedagogical Problem of Formation of Design Culture in the Conditions of Formation of Civil Servants
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Stenina T. L.
Published: April 2024

In article results of research of a phenomenon of design culture of the person of the civil servant are described: his essence, the maintenance and structure. The components making given integraiting property of the person are considered: motive-valuable, emotional, active-behavioural and reflective.
Theoretical Aspects of “Selfrelation” Problems
Authors:   Saratov State University, Gerasimov P. E.
Published: April 2024

In this article three approaches of the deterrmination of the term “selfattitude” are taken up. They are philosophical, psychological, and pedagogical theoretical approaches of this term.
REPRESENTATION OF MASCULINITY AND FEMININITY THROUGH GENDER STEREOTYPES (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE)
Authors: Moiseenko Lilia V. , Nhung T. T. Pham
Published: April 2024

The categories of femininity and masculinity, studied from the perspective of gender stereotypes, are opposed to each other in qualitative and quantitative terms. According to the results of the study, the following patterns were revealed: gender stereotypes reflect the patriarchal way of Vietnamese society, indicate the presence of gender asymmetry (femininity is represented in the Vietnamese language more widely compared to the category of masculinity), fix gender discrimination against women, whose image is often negatively labeled. Key words: masculinity, femininity, gender stereotype, Vietnamese language, phraseological units, paroemias
ON THE PROBLEMS OF IN-DEPTH STUDY THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE (SPELLING LESSON SAMPLES)
Authors: Bednarskaya Larisa D.
Published: April 2024

The article reveals the ways of practical application of the principles of the modern educational paradigm, its methodological basis is a system-activity approach that creates a unified educational environment in developing at all stages of school education. Consistency is the basis for the intensification of the educational process, the integrative development of oral and written speech in their interсonnection, and especially the in-depth study of subjects and project activities. The essence of deepening is not to add scientific terms, but to discover the systemic connections of a particular linguistic element with components of other levels, combining them into one whole. Project activity is directly related to the in-depth study of the subject and the development of the students’ personality. It develops creative activity, teaches to recognize and evaluate their thoughts and actions, compare the result of the action with the goal, ensures maximum socialization in the process of working in a group. In-depth study of the subject helps to realize and develop students' natural interest in the subject being studied, if the lessons are organized in the form of competitive, playful activities. This is especially important for a young teacher who is in a need to be get lesson samples, which they could transform creatively in his teaching activities. Moreover, the competition game switches the process of in-depth study of the subject, awakens hidden talents. In-depth study of the subject can be held in the competitive and playful options of learning the Russian language. It is represented in samples of spelling lessons. Key words: system-activity technologies, practice of level education, in-depth study of the subject, competitive and game organization of lessons
THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE MANUALS FOR FOREIGN STUDENTS-JOURNALISTS: MODERN PROBLEMS AND METHODOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS
Authors: Strelchuk Elena N. , Lepkova Alina S.
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the study lies in the need to update advanced means of teaching the Russian as a foreign language. The purpose of this article is to analyze the teaching manuals of the Russian language for foreign journalists in modern media context. The field of the research consists of 12 professionally oriented manuals. Scientific methods are represented by analysis, comparison, generalization, and description. The article reveals the problems of the teaching means and gives some methodological solutions taking into consideration modern language and journalistic trends. Key words: Russian as a foreign language, teaching aids, education of journalists, teaching methods
A QUARTER OF THE CENTURY WITHOUT CHEKHOV: RE-EVALUATION OF VALUES
Authors: Odesskaya Margarita M.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the reaction of the literary and theatre criticism in the USSR and Russian Diaspora on 25th Chekhov's commemoration. In the country, where socialism was being constructed, classical tradition was under attack, as well as Chekhov, who exerted his influence on the aesthetic system of dramaturgy in particular and theatre in general. In those conditions the play “The Weirdo” (1929) by Alexander Afinogenov, nurtured by the Revolution and seduced by the highest power, and his appearances and speeches at various disputes and in press, supporting “psychological realism” and best theatrical tradition of the Moscow Art Theatre, were perceived ambiguously. Key words: Chekhov, chekhovism, twenty-five years, criticism, new drama, classical traditions, MAT, Afinogenov, “The Weirdo”, revolutionary theatre
EXPERTISE AS ONE OF THE BASIC FEATURES OF CONCEPTUAL SPHERE (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE ENGLISH POPULAR SCIENCE PEDAGOGICAL DISCOURSE)
Authors: Nersesyan Gayane R. , Goncharova Elena A.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the cognitive discourse analysis of the conceptual sphere of the English popular science pedagogical communication. The purpose of the analysis is to study and describe the linguistic representation of expertise as one of the key features of the conceptual sphere. On the material of English popular science pedagogical magazines, it is revealed that in the conceptual sphere of the English popular science pedagogical discourse, the feature of expertise is responsible for providing the audience with empirically defined pedagogical principles and teaching methods. In addition, the feature of expertise shows the expert knowledge and experience as well as serves as a tool for forming a trusting relationship between the professional pedagogical community and its audience. The results of the study show that in the English popular science pedagogical discourse, the feature of expertise is verbalised with the help of such speech mechanisms as so-called formula statements which represent indisputable facts about the way students should be taught; names of official documents testifying to the knowledge of teachers about educational laws; lexemes showing empiricality of information; lexemes indicating the quality and frequency of an action; stylistic enumeration. Key words: discourse, pedagogical communication, conceptual sphere, popular science discourse, popular science pedagogical discourse, the features of a conceptual sphere
История словенского языка – словенские (региональные) литературные языковые варианты
Authors: Jesenšek Marko
Published: April 2024

Исследование показывает двойственное развитие словенского литературного языка от Фрейзенгенских листков до объединения словенской литературной нормы в середине XIX века, когда существовало два варианта словенского литературного языка, а именно центрально-словенский (литературный краньский язык, который включал в себя каринтийский, штаерский и приморский региональные варианты) и восточно-словенский (литературный прекмурский язык, который включал в себя восточно-штаерскую литературную версию). Оба варианта развивались отдельно в Словенско-альпийской и Паннонской языковых областях.
Kvirovsko jezikoslovje v kontekstu poststrukturalističnih jezikoslovnih pristopov
Authors: Vičar Branislava
Published: April 2024

Prispevek predstavi kvirovsko jezikoslovje, ki je danes eden od pomembnejših in prodornejših poststrukturalističnih pristopov v preučevanju jezika, spola in seksualnosti. Pomemben vpliv na razvoj področja predstavlja koncept heteroseksualne matrice Judith Butler in njena aplikacija koncepta performativnosti na konstrukcijo (spolne) identitete. Osnovni namen kvirovskega jezikoslovja je preučevanje jezikovne konstrukcije heteronorma-tivnosti in normativnega spolnega binarizma kot njenega podpornega mehanizma. Prvi del prispevka prinaša pregled razvoja, temeljnih konceptov, ciljev in raziskovalnih metodologij kvirovskega jezikoslovja, drugi del pa se posveča raziskavam slovenskega kvirovskega jezikoslovja. Čeprav težišče raziskav kvirovskega jezikoslovja ostaja v anglofonih kulturah, lahko pričakujemo, da bo tematika ob okrepljeni prisotnosti kvirovskih gibanj vedno bolj aktualna tudi v drugih jezikovno-kulturnih okoljih. Slovensko jezikoslovje je v svoj teoretsko-metodološki okvir relativno hitro vključilo kvirovski pristop; čeprav zaenkrat ostaja omejeno na posamezne raziskave, se v svetovno kvirovsko jezikoslovje vključuje z izvirnim prispevkom v gradivu, pristopu in izsledkih. V kontekstu sodobnih jezikoslovnih razvojev se v slovenskem jezikoslovju vsekakor kaže potreba po konsolidaciji poststrukturalističnih jezikoslovnih pristopov.
Valenca ali vezljivost kot osnova za tvorbo sporočil tudi v slovenščini
Authors: Žele Andreja
Published: April 2024

Pomenska usmerjenost oz. vezljivost besed je izhodišče za razumevanje osnovnih skladenjskih vprašanj. Predstavljena je zlasti glagolska in neglagolska vezljivost (tudi nasproti družljivosti) kot bistvena pomensko-skladenjska osnova za ustvarjanje in oblikovanje slovenske skladnje na vseh ravneh, od besedne zveze do besedila. In če je za glagolsko vezljivost tipična stavčna zgradba, je za neglagolsko vezljivost značilna besednozvezna zgradba. Obema, tako glagolski kot neglagolski vezljivosti, pa je skupno to, da izhajata iz pomena glagola ali samostalnika ali pridevnika. To pomeni, da se pomenska oz. vezljivostna moč polnopomenske besede sproža navzven tako, da okoli sebe organizira več udeleženskih vlog, ki jih zapolnijo udeleženci, tj. delovalniki ali okoliščine.
Izbrani slovenski primerjalni frazemi glede na ustreznike v južnoslovanskih jezikih ter njihov vpliv na učeče se slovenščine kot drugega in tujega jezika
Authors: Brković Melisa , Stramljič Breznik Irena , Vočanec Vanessa
Published: April 2024

V prispevku smo z anketo med tujimi študenti, ki se učijo slovenščine v sklopu predmeta Slovenščina kot drugi in tuji jezik, na dvanajstih slovenskih primerjalnih frazemih (šestih pridevniških in šestih glagolskih) preverili njihovo poznavanje. Za večino udeležencev je bil njihov materni jezik kateri izmed južnoslovanskih jezikov, zato smo iz vira Hrvatsko-slavenski rječnik poredbenih frazema (Fink - Arsovski 2006) izbrali take slovenske frazeme, za katere smo ugotovili, da jih glede na stopnjo podobnosti oz. različnosti med slovenščino in drugimi južnoslovanskimi jeziki lahko uvrstimo v tri skupine: (a) pričakovano sestavinsko ujemanje; (b) delno sestavinsko ujemanje; (c) neujemanje, sestavine so popolnoma drugačne kot v slovenščini. Izidi ankete odprtega tipa so potrdili predvidevanja, da so udeleženci sestavine najbolje dopolnjevalni pri prvem tipu frazemov, v drugih primerih pa so se pogosto pokazale kulturno pogojene razlike ali pa uporaba individualnih primer.
Jezikovne zagate slovenskih študentk in študentov: izziv za učeče se slovenščine kot drugega in tujega jezika
Authors: Valh Lopert Alenka
Published: April 2024

Učenje slovenščine v jezikovni globalizaciji predstavlja na eni strani izziv za rojene govorke in govorce v smislu ohranjanja materinščine, na drugi pa možnost za tujke in tujce, da se slovenščine naučijo in postanejo pomembna vez pri premoščanju jezikovnih ovir. V prispevku predstavljamo analizo oblikoslovnih in skladenjskih težav (kot nadaljevanje raziskave pravopisnih) študentk in študentov pri predmetu Kritično mišljenje in izražanje v prvem letniku študija, ki jim je slovenščina materinščina (vsi imajo opravljeno maturo). Hkrati pa analiza predstavlja izziv tudi za učeče se slovenščine kot drugega in tujega jezika, saj je ob avtentičnih primerih z razlagami in pravili iz relevantnih jezikovnih virov prispevek lahko strnjen pripomoček na poti k usvojitvi slovenščine na ravni mojstrstva.
Assessing cell lines with inducible depletion of cohesin and condensins components through analysis of metaphase chromosome morphology
Authors: Yunusova A. M. , Smirnov A. V. , Pristyazhnuk I. E. , Shnaider T. A. , Maltseva E. K. , Afonnikova S. D. , Gusev O. A. , Battulin N.  R.
Published: April 2024

One of the most productive strategies for finding the functions of proteins is to study the consequences of loss of protein function. For this purpose, cells or organisms with a knockout of the gene encoding the protein of interest are obtained. However, many proteins perform important functions and cells or organisms could suddenly lose fitness when the function of a protein is lost. For such proteins, the most productive strategy is to use in ducible protein degradation systems. A system of auxin-dependent protein degradation is often implemented. To use this system, it is sufficient to introduce a transgene encoding a plant-derived auxin-dependent ubiquitin ligase into mammalian cells and insert a sequence encoding a degron domain into the gene of interest. A crucial aspect of development of cell lines engineered for inducible protein depletion is the selection of cell clones with efficient  auxin-dependent degradation of the protein of interest. To select clones induced by depletion of the architectural chromatin proteins RAD21 (a component of the cohesin complex) and SMC2 (a component of the condensin complex), we propose to use the morphology of metaphase chromosomes as a convenient functional test. In this work, we obtained a series of clones of human HAP1 cells carrying the necessary genetic constructs for inducible depletion of RAD21 and SMC2. The degradation efficiency of the protein of interest was assessed by flow cytometry, Western blotting and metaphase chromosome morphology test. Based on our tests, we showed that the clones we established with the SMC2 degron effectively and completely lose protein function when induced by auxin. However, none of the HAP1 clones we created with the RAD21 degron showed complete loss of RAD21 function upon induction of degradation by auxin. In addition, some clones showed evidence of loss of RAD21 function even in the absence of induction. The chromosome morphology test turned out to be a convenient and informative method for clone selection. The results of this test are in good agreement with flow cytometry analysis and Western blotting data.
In silico search for and analysis of R gene variation in primitive cultivated potato species
Authors: Gurina A. A. , Gancheva M. S. , Alpatieva N. V. , Rogozina E. V.
Published: April 2024

Pathogen recognition receptors encoded by R genes play a key role in plant protection. Nowadays, R genes are a basis for breeding many crops, including potato. Many potato R genes have been discovered and found suitable for breeding thanks to the studies of a wide variety of wild potato species. The use of primitive cultivated potato species (PCPS) as representatives of the primary gene pool can also be promising in this respect. PCPS are the closest to the early domesticated forms of potato; therefore, their investigation could help understand the evolution of R genes. The present study was aimed at identifying and analyzing R genes in PCPS listed in the open database of NCBI and Solomics DB. In total, the study involved 27 accessions belonging to three species: Solanum phureja Juz. & Bukasov, S. stenotomum Juz. & Bukasov and S. goniocalyx Juz. & Bukasov Materials for the analysis were the sequencing data for the said three species from the PRJNA394943 and PRJCA006011 projects. An in silico search was carried out for sequences homologous to 26 R genes identified in potato species differing in phylogenetic distance from PCPS, namely nightshade (S. americanum), North- (S. bulbocastanum, S. demissum) and South-American (S. venturii, S. berthaultii) wild potato species, as well as the cultivated potato species S. tuberosum and S. andigenum. Homologs of all investigated protein-coding sequences were discovered in PCPS with a relatively high degree of similarity (85–100 %). Homologs of the Rpi-R3b, Rpi-amr3 and Rpi-ber1 genes have been identified in PCPS for the first time. An analysis of polymorphism of nucleotide and amino acid sequences has been carried out for 15 R genes. The differences in frequencies of substitutions in PCPS have been demonstrated by analysis of R genes, the reference sequences of which have been identified in different species. For all the studied NBS-LRR genes, the proportion of substituted amino acids in the LRR domain exceeds this figure for the NBS domain. The potential prospects of using PCPS as sources of resistance to Verticillium wilt have been shown.
Aberrant methylation of placental development genes in chorionic villi of spontaneous abortions with trisomy 16
Authors: Vasilyeva О. Yu. , Tolmacheva E. N. , Dmitriev A. E. , Darkova Ya. A. , Sazhenova E. A. , Nikitina T. V. , Lebedev I. N. , Vasilyev S. A.
Published: April 2024

In humans, aneuploidy is incompatible with the birth of healthy children and mainly leads to the death of embryos in the early stages of development in the first trimester of pregnancy. Trisomy 16 is the most common aneup loidy among spontaneous abortions of the first trimester of pregnancy. However, the mechanisms leading to the death of embryos with trisomy 16 remain insufficiently investigated. One of these potential mechanisms is abnormal placental development, including aberrant remodeling of spiral arteries. Spiral artery remodeling involves the migration of trophoblast cells into the maternal spiral arteries, replacing their endothelium and remodeling to ensure a stable embryonic nutrition and oxygen supply. This is a complex process which depends on many factors from both the embryo and the mother. We analyzed the methylation level of seven genes (ADORA2B, NPR3, PRDM1, PSG2, PHTLH, SV2C, and TICAM2) involved in placental development in the chorionic villi of spontaneous abortions with trisomy 16 (n = 14), compared with spontaneous abortions with a normal karyotype (n = 31) and the control group of induced abortions (n = 10). To obtain sequencing libraries, targeted amplification of individual gene regions using designed oligonucleot ide primers for bisulfite-converted DNA was used. The analysis was carried out using targeted bisulfite massive parallel sequencing. In the group of spontaneous abortions with trisomy 16, the level of methylation of the PRDM1 and PSG2 genes was significantly increased compared to induced abortions (p = 0.0004 and p = 0.0015, respectively). In the group of spontaneous abortions, there was no increase in the level of methylation of the PRDM1 and PSG2 genes, but the level of methylation of the ADORA2B gene was significantly increased compared to the induced abortions (p = 0.032). The results obtained indicate the potential mechanisms of the pathogenetic effect of trisomy 16 on the placental development with the participation of the studied  genes.
Involvement of transposable elements in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis
Authors: Mustafin R. N. , Khusnutdinova E. K.
Published: April 2024

Alzheimer’s disease affects an average of 5 % of the population with a significant increase in prevalence with age, suggesting that the same mechanisms that underlie aging may influence this pathology. Investigation of these mechanisms is promising for effective methods of treatment and prevention of the disease. Possible participants in these mechanisms are transposons, which serve as drivers of epigenetic regulation, since they form species-specific distributions of non-coding RNA genes in genomes in evolution. Study of miRNA involvement in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis is relevant, since the associations of protein-coding genes (APOE4, ABCA7, BIN1, CLU, CR1, PICALM, TREM2) with the disease revealed as a result of GWAS make it difficult to explain its complex pathogenesis. Specific expression changes of many genes were found in different brain parts of Alzheimer’s patients, which may be due to global regulatory changes under the influence of transposons. Experimental and clinical studies have shown pathological activation of retroelements in Alzheimer’s disease. Our analysis of scientific literature in accordance with MDTE DB revealed 28 miRNAs derived from transposons (17 from LINE, 5 from SINE, 4 from HERV, 2 from DNA transposons), the expression of which specifically changes in this disease (decreases in 17 and increases in 11 microRNA). Expression of 13 out of 28 miRNAs (miR-151a, -192, -211, -28, -31, -320c, -335, -340, -378a, -511, -576, -708, -885) also changes with aging and cancer development, which indicates the presence of possible common pathogenetic mechanisms. Most of these miRNAs originated from LINE retroelements, the pathological activation of which is associated with aging, carcinogenesis, and Alzheimer’s disease, which supports the hypothesis that these three processes are based on the primary dysregulation of transposons that serve as drivers of epigenetic regulation of gene expression in ontogeny.
Revista Littera em foco
Authors: França Katia Cilene Ferreira , Silva Aline Kananda Matias , Silva Rafaela Freitas
Published: April 2024

O trabalho em questão tem como objetivo traçar o percurso de nascimento até os dias atuais da revista Littera e sua relação com o curso de Letras, da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), e com a história dos periódicos brasileiros enquanto canais de divulgação da produção científica brasileira. Compreendemos as revistas como enunciados sócio-historicamente situados, que nascem e se mantém em meio a uma série de tensões referentes à produção e difusão do conhecimento científico da universidade. Nesse sentido, interrogamos: Como se deu o nascimento da revista Littera em meio a história dos periódicos nacionais? Como esse nascimento e sua continuidade até os dias atuais dialogam com a história e os avanços do curso de Letras, da UFMA? Para responder essa questão fizemos um levantamento bibliográfico sobre a história dos periódicos, levantamento documental da revista Littera e entrevista com editores que estiveram à frente da revista desde sua primeira edição até os dias atuais.
A produção do gênero artigo de opinião na escola
Authors: Lima Paulo da Silva , Costa Alex de Castro
Published: April 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo descrever e analisar uma experiência de intervenção pedagógica aplicada ao processo de escrita e reescrita do gênero textual artigo de opinião em uma turma de 9° ano de uma escola pública. A intervenção fundamenta-se no instrumental teórico-metodológico do interacionismo sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART, 1999; DOLZ; SCHNEUWLY, 2004;), visando explorar como essa abordagem teórico-metodológica pode contribuir para a elaboração de projetos de letramento com foco na apropriação de gêneros textuais pelos discentes e no desenvolvimento de suas capacidades de linguagem. A pesquisa adota uma abordagem qualitativa e colaborativa, utilizando a metodologia da pesquisa-ação, que permitiu estabelecer um contato direto com o campo de estudo, aplicar a intervenção pedagógica proposta e realizar análises interpretativas e reflexivas sobre os resultados obtidos. Para descrever os resultados, foram selecionados textos produzidos durante o processo de desenvolvimento da pesquisa. A intervenção pedagógica contou com a utilização de ferramentas didáticas fornecidas pelo arcabouço do interacionismo sociodiscursivo, como a sequência didática. Assim, os resultados obtidos por meio da análise interpretativa e reflexiva indicaram que o trabalho de produção textual nas aulas de língua materna, a partir de uma proposta interventiva bem elaborada e ancorada nos pressupostos do interacionismo sociodiscursivo, pode contribuir significativamente para que os discentes se apropriem do gênero textual proposto para estudo, aprimorando suas capacidades de linguagem e superando, consequentemente, as possíveis dificuldades relativas à escrita desse gênero.
Impact of Different Sowing Dates on Growth and Pod Yield of Vegetable Pea under Sub-Himalayan Foothills Region of India
Authors: Kumar Udit , Behera Nishiprabha , Prasad K. , . Pramila , . Dharminder , Kishor Kaushal , Tiwari R.K. , Upadhaya Bharati , Kumar Sunil , Kumar Vivek
Published: April 2024

Background: The optimum sowing date is crucial among the different agronomic procedures for maximizing output. Optimizing a crop's planting time may be one of the most significant climate resilient tactics for increasing production and hence it becomes necessary to study the crop growth behaviors in changing climatic conditions. The proposed field investigations were undertaken to study the influence of different sowing dates on yield of vegetable pea. Methods: Field investigations were undertaken during Rabi seasons of 2020-21 and 2021-22 at the Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (85.67oE - 25.98oN.), which comes under sub-Himalayan foothills region of India. The research study was performed in Randomized Block Design with three replications consisting of eight different sowing dates of vegetable pea. cv. Azad Pea-3 at 10 days interval between each sowing dates. Observations were made on various growth and yield attributing parameters. Result: Results revealed that the parameters under study were substantially affected by various sowing dates. Second week of sowing in November in the years produced maximum plant height at 60 DAS (83.77cm), number of branches per plant (3.97), number of nodules per plant at flowering (26.13), number of green pods per plant (20.80), 10 pods weight (75.67g) and pod yield (52.06q/ha).
Uma capital surge do chão
Authors: Choay Françoise , Brandão Claudio Roberto Comas
Published: April 2024

“Une capitale sort de terre” é um dos dois artigos sobre Brasília que a historiadora Françoise Choay escreveu após a sua visita ao Brasil em 1959, quando foi convidada para participar do Congresso Internacional Extraordinário de Críticos de Arte, idealizado por Mario Pedrosa. O texto foi publicado poucos dias depois do seu retorno à França no semanário France Observateur, fundado por ex-combatentes da resistência francesa em 1950, originalmente L'Observateur politique, économique et littéraire. A maioria dos temas tratados nesta reportagem reapareceriam no artigo publicado na revista mensal de arte L’Oeil no mês seguinte, “Une capitale préfabriquée”. Este último foi publicado no Brasil em duas ocasiões: na Tribuna da Imprensa, em 1960, com tradução de Hildebrando Giudice e na antologia sobre Brasília organizada por Alberto Xavier e Julio Katinsky, publicada em 2012, com tradução de Dorothée de Bruchard. Em “Une capitale sort de terre” é perceptível a diferença de tom em relação ao outro. O gênero da escrita é a reportagem jornalística e não a resenha crítica, mas Choay articula com destreza o relato de suas experiências na cidade às questões teóricas que desenvolve melhor em outras publicações.
Sustaining family bakeries in Pakistan: The role of internal marketing and entrepreneurship
Authors: Warraich Usman Ali , Dos-Santos Maria José Palma Lampreia
Published: April 2024

Nowadays, climatic change challenges, consumer expectations, and concerns toward sustainability lead firms to consider responsible strategies for internal marketing and entrepreneurial orientation that contribute to competitive advantage and economic and environmental performance. This paper analyses the direct impact of internal marketing and entrepreneurial orientation on innovation and sustainability within the context of family businesses in the manufacturing sector in bakeries in Sindh Province in Pakistan. Information and data were obtained from 404 questionnaires applied in these firms during 2023. The methods include Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling to evaluate the measurement, structural models, and respective variables. Results confirm a significant direct influence of internal marketing on entrepreneurial orientation and innovation towards the sustainability of bakeries firms and emphasise the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation toward sustainability. Despite that, the firms haven’t improved significantly sustainable production practices during the last three years. On the other hand, the unit cost of bakery production hasn’t decreased during this period due to the reduction of energy or water use. Other results also confirm a significant concern with the customer’s needs, but without putting in practice more quality in the production process or reducing the relative production costs (at constant prices). However, bakeries firms must directly address sustainability in all production and customer sales processes, namely reducing energy inputs and meeting consumers’ needs concerning sustainable needs and goals. This study’s significance lies in its contribution to the existing body of literature by illuminating the intricate pathway of relationships between internal marketing, entrepreneurial orientation toward sustainability, and innovation and sustainability. A future direction involves extending this model’s applicability by examining its validity in other industries and service sectors, enriching the breadth of understanding beyond manufacturing industries.
Cultural renewal in Kisújszállás: A path to sustainability of a Hungarian small town?
Authors: Kovács Tibor , Vasvári Mária
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study is to analyse the social, demographic (and wealth) problems and sustainability issues of a small town in the Hungarian lowlands (Great Plain), Kisújszállás, in the 21st century, and to present the town’s search for a place, especially its attempt to respond and renew itself based on culture. In identifying “lowland” and “Cumanian” characteristics, in addition to (and beyond) the geographical environment and the (still) strongly linked economy, the focus was primarily on the local (for decades declining and ageing) society. In the course of the research, we observed a particular mentality and identity that today increasingly bears the hallmarks of disharmony in the small town society of the lowlands and the region of Greater Cumania. In examining the resilience of the town, we found that while Kisújszállás has the right anchors, it is not enough to think in terms of point capabilities; we should plan for the future in processes. The town sees culture as a key breakout point and a possible response to the pressing socio-economic sustainability challenges. Respondents to our questionnaire survey of local opinion leaders were most concerned about the low level of cultural demand among locals, but also felt that PR and marketing activities related to culture were not satisfactory. In the case of municipal management, under-financing, a lack of decentralization, and networking were highlighted, while in the case of the economy, the lack of industrial parks and incubators and a low level of innovative local entrepreneurial mentality were highlighted. It can be seen that the town is facing the multifaceted problems of a shrinking, ageing society. The situation assessment underlines the social need for change in a (suffering) municipality stuck in an “old lowland” agricultural structure. In the case of Kisújszállás, renewal and identity building based on culture can be seen as a horizontal concept supporting existing development alternatives.
Niñas, futbol y emociones: una mirada desde la geografía feminista
Authors: Quintana Vanessa
Published: April 2024

Dentro del quehacer de la geografía feminista es necesario hablar y visibilizar la producción espacial de las niñas. La construcción social de las mujeres desde la niñez hace un gran hincapié dentro del perfil geográfico, ya que constituye en sí misma identidades y subjetividades. Sin embargo, la reciente atención en la geografía sobre las experiencias de las personas en los deportes se ha inclinado por centrarse en las mujeres adultas, con pocas investigaciones sobre las niñas y adolescentes. Por consiguiente, es necesario prestar atención a la importancia del espacio y del lugar en cuanto a la participación de las infancias en los deportes. La geografía feminista ha contribuido a la visibilización de las mujeres dentro y fuera del campo geográfico. En el marco del 8 de marzo (8M) de 2023, Día de la Mujer, realicé talleres en el espacio público, en donde se convocó a las niñas a convivir, jugar futbol y hablar de las emociones que generó la colectividad entre ellas. Se realizó un mapeo diagnóstico individual del reconocimiento espacial del momento, donde las niñas se plasmaron a sí mismas y compartieron su sentir de manera oral y escrita.
La relación del turismo y la geografía para el desarrollo de actividades deportivas: un análisis bibliométrico
Authors: Álvarez-Meneses Tannia , Valderrama Eliana Leonor , Gamba Jorge-Enrique
Published: April 2024

El turismo y la geografía guardan una relación directa y las condiciones del territorio pueden promover el desarrollo de actividades turísticas particulares como el turismo deportivo. Sin embargo, aún no es claro cómo se configura el turismo deportivo y los aspectos geográficos para visibilizar impactos y direccionadores de este tipo de turismo en un territorio. En este sentido, el objetivo del presente estudio es comprender cómo se relacionan el turismo y la geografía para el desarrollo de actividades deportivas. Para el cumplimiento del objetivo de este artículo, se realizó un análisis bibliométrico utilizando un enfoque mixto secuencial cuanti-cuali. En la fase cuantitativa, a partir de una ecuación de búsqueda, se analizaron 734 registros a través del software VOSviewer, que permitió identificar el mapa de conocimiento y tendencias de la relación entre turismo deportivo y geografía. Así mismo, el enfoque cuantitativo arrojó los clústeres de conocimiento que sirvieron como base para la fase cualitativa, la cual privilegió la estrategia de análisis descriptivo de discurso, en donde se seleccionaron 101 documentos con la metodología PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses). El estudio arrojó importantes hallazgos sobre la relación del turismo y la geografía para el desarrollo de actividades deportivas, en donde las condiciones ambientales, físicas, económicas y socioculturales son los elementos que más influyen en la relación. Los resultados permiten una mayor comprensión sobre el fenómeno en estudio y podrían ser tomados como punto de partida para el desarrollo de estudios empíricos en diferentes contextos.
El carnaval de los hinchas en Bogotá: un estudio social sobre la fiesta en el fútbol
Authors: Castro Lozano John Alexander
Published: April 2024

Desde la década de 1990, la tribuna oriental general y luego la lateral norte y la lateral sur del estadio Nemesio Camacho “El Campín” mostraron el surgimiento de una generación de hinchas que transformaron el aburrimiento, la monotonía y la pasividad de aficionados y de barras tradicionales, pues eventualmente expresaban sus emociones durante los partidos de fútbol. En 1993 se organizó Blue Rain y en 1996 se transformó en Comandos Azules #13, grupos organizados de hinchas del Club Deportivo Los Millonarios en Bogotá, usualmente denominados barras bravas, quienes —mediante aplausos, canciones, saltos, instrumentos musicales, papel, pólvora y columnas de humo, entre otros— exaltan su identidad futbolística, alientan a su club y, además, maximizan sus rivalidades.
El propósito del artículo es interpretar las expresiones festivas —manifestadas por los hinchas reunidos en barras bravas de Bogotá— alrededor de los partidos de fútbol en “El Campín”. En este aspecto, el artículo se organiza en ocho apartados: “Introducción”, “Los aspectos metodológicos”, “Barra del Búfalo”, “Y acá llegamos”, “Desde el sur llegó la inspiración”, “Llegó la brava”, “Te juro te alentaré” y “Conclusiones”. Finalmente, lo relacionado con la metodología se orientó a través de la observación, la participación y las entrevistas, técnicas específicas del trabajo de campo etnográfico. Los actores sociales son hinchas agrupados en Blue Rain y en Comandos Azules Distrito Capital de Millonarios Fútbol Club en Bogotá.