bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comentario en Torno a la Nota Conjunta del Consejo de Europa y de la Agencia de Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea, de 27 de Marzo de 2020, Sobre Derechos Fundamentales de los Refugiados y de los Inmigrantes en las Fronteras de Europa
Authors: Pozo Carlos Francisco Molina del
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo tiene por finalidad analizar la Nota Conjunta del Consejo de Europa y la Agencia de Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea, como documento aclaratorio sobre el uso de normas internacionales en concordancia con los derechos universales para la correcta aplicación de estas en la coyuntura del COVID-19. Para ello, se ha estudiado la actualidad en las fronteras, la protección de la salud en la práctica y la vulnerabilidad de los menores.
O Direito Humano à Saúde no Cárcere: Inconstitucionalidades do Pacote Anticrime e o Cerceamento ao Direito de Visita
Authors: Cerqueira Paloma Gurgel de Oliveira
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo tem como objeto a análise a Lei 13.964/2019 e as consequências da proibição e/ou restrições de visitas aos apenados e a evidente necessidade de tutela jurisdicional conforme os tratados de Direitos Humanos. A relevância temática justifica-se diante da inobservância das garantias constitucionais e da carta de direitos humanos. Os vínculos familiares, afetivos e sociais são considerados bases sólidas para afastar os condenados da delinquência. A metodologia de pesquisa consiste na vasta pesquisa sobre a literatura e bibliografia especializada sobre a matéria. O objetivo deste trabalho é expor as violações de garantias constitucionais e de direitos humanos presentes no denominado Pacote anticrime, bem como destacar as graves consequências psicológicas e físicas sofridas pelos apenados em decorrência de algumas restrições.
O Juiz Natural na Justiça Militar Federal Brasileira: Principais Desafios para a Efetivação do Acesso Justo à Justiça no Processamento de Demandas Envolvendo Civis
Authors: Dias Luciana Gonçalves , Bôas Regina Vera Villas
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo a respeito das competências constitucionais da Justiça Militar Federal Brasileira e sua jurisdição penal, em tempos de paz, em relação a delitos castrenses envolvendo civis – seja na condição de réus e/ou enquanto vítimas de crimes dolosos contra a vida cometido por militares federais no contexto de Operações Militares. A análise é construída a partir da compreensão de correlação entre a escolha do modelo de juiz e a efetivação do acesso justo à justiça; bem como da interpretação de inovações no ordenamento jurídico pátrio trazidas por meio de alterações na Lei de Organização da Justiça Militar da União (LOJMU) e no Código Penal Militar (CPM). As breves reflexões pretendem abordar o processo de modernização da Justiça Castrense Federal enquanto ramo especializado do Poder Judiciário brasileiro, rastreando conteúdo oculto ao postulado do Juiz Natural apreendido a partir das doutrinas de Luigi Ferrajoli e Jürgen Habermas: a aceitabilidade social obtida por intermédio do combate ao desconhecimento e da aproximação com a sociedade civil, incluindo os próprios operadores do Direito. O método utilizado é o analítico-dedutivo, por intermédio de pesquisa de normas, jurisprudência e doutrina especializada.
A Jornada de Trabalho em Época de Covid-19
Authors: Dias Franciele da Rocha , Faria Claudia Maria Petry de
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho tem por escopo a análise do novo modelo de trabalho em época de Covid-19. O presente estudo aponta as alterações sofridas nas relações de trabalho, bem como observa, de modo mais acurado, quais as formas que estão sendo projetadas ou utilizadas para o melhor aproveitamento dos trabalhadores. Com isso, se observará que o teletrabalho tem se apresentado como fator importante para a manutenção do emprego e renda, bem como para manter a economia ativa e não estagnada. Para tanto, foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, como forma de compreender os impactos do Covid-19 nas relações humanas e, especialmente nas relações laborais trabalho. Por fim será observado a necessidade de adaptação de toda sociedade para uma nova realidade empregatícia.
A Massificação dos Processos no Direito Brasileiro e os Instrumentos de Contenção Inseridos Pelo Ordenamento Processual Civil
Authors: Granado Daniel Willian , Cota Filho Fernando Rey
Published: December 2020

O objetivo do presente artigo é investigar o desenvolvimento da massificação dos processos no sistema processual civil brasileiro, abordando, precipuamente, como a produção legislativa acompanhou essa nova realidade jurídico-social, considerando, como marco inicial, a promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988. Ademais, buscar-se-á demonstrar como o sistema processual civil, inserido pela Lei 13.105/2015, inovou para conter a litigiosidade repetitiva, a partir da análise dos diversos instrumentos processuais inseridos, principalmente tendo em vista o sistema de precedentes adotado, em prol da unidade do direito, da segurança jurídica, da efetividade e da celeridade, bem como para desafogar o Poder Judiciário brasileiro.
EDUCAÇÃO NO SÉCULO XXI: EPISTEMOLOGIA DA COMPLEXIDADE PARA A FUNDAMENTAÇÃO DO PENSAMENTO CRÍTICO EM CIÊNCIA
Authors: Guaragna Regina Maria , Gheno Ediane Maria
Published: December 2020

A epistemologia da simplificação utilizada na ciência, desde o século XVII, com o objetivo de impedir a imprecisão e ambiguidade, tem permitido muitos avanços da ciência moderna, porém dentro de uma percepção de certezas e verdades que interferem na apreensão do homem no sistema relacional com a natureza. Por outro lado, a epistemologia da complexidade, através de uma visão multidimensional, aumenta as múltiplas relações do homem com o meio. O artigo objetiva discutir e refletir o significado das duas epistemologias no processo de compreensão e apreensão da natureza, na fundamentação dos saberes, do ponto de vista científico e da educação em ciência. O estudo foi realizado com base na Análise Textual Discursiva. Em relação à educação, segundo o pensamento complexo, avaliamos a associação interdisciplinar da arte e ciência, a fim de desestabilizar as concepções previamente estabelecidas, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de pensamento crítico e para as tomadas de decisão diante do acaso.
EDUCAÇÃO SEXUAL EMANCIPATÓRIA E O PENSAMENTO CRÍTICO: REFLEXÕES SOBRE SABERES E FAZERES DO GRUPO EDUSEX
Authors: Melo Sonia Maria Martins de , Pacheco Raquel Da Veiga , Freitas Marcia De
Published: December 2020

Reflexões sobre parte da caminhada de 30 anos do Grupo EDUSEX Formação de Educadores e Educação Sexual na Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, na sensibilização dos envolvidos em processos educativos formais e não formais, subsidiando o resgate da sua capacidade de pensamento crítico sobre o contexto, em interfaces com educação sexual. Sintetiza o significado de educação sexual e educação sexual emancipatória, via materialismo sócio-histórico-dialético como base de possibilidades concretas da construção de projetos intencionais em educação sexual emancipatória, com dois exemplos: os resultados relacionados ao mapeamento do estado da produção do conhecimento sobre a categoria educação sexual  em PPGE  no  Brasil e  os resultados  de estágio doutoral,  na Universidade de Aveiro (PT), em programas de rádios comunitárias com  interfaces entre educação sexual emancipatória e pensamento crítico.
Stratigraphy and palaeontology of the lower Miocene Kiel Sand Member (Berchem Formation) in temporary exposures in Antwerp (northern Belgium)
Authors: EVERAERT STIJN , MUNSTERMAN DIRK K. , DE SCHUTTER PIETER J. , BOSSELAERS MARK , VAN BOECKEL JEROEN , CLEEMPUT GUNTHER , BOR TACO J.
Published: December 2020

The stratigraphic position of the lower Miocene Kiel Sand Member of the Berchem Formation in the Antwerp area (northern Belgium) is not well constrained and its depositional environments are poorly known. Due to a spatial limited decalcification front, the Kiel Sand Member is completely decalcified in southern Antwerp and gradually becomes fossiliferous to the north-east of the city. The stratigraphy and palaeontology of the fossiliferous sediments in three temporary exposures are presented. The dinoflagellate cyst analysis of fossiliferous horizons shows the relative progress of a transgression in the southern North Sea Basin during the early–middle Burdigalian, that probably initiated in the late Aquitanian. The Kiel Sand Member contains an important mollusc fauna, with several species reported for the first time from this member. The taphonomy and fauna of the shell beds indicate a shallow marine, high energetic depositional environment, strongly influenced by storms, currents, waves and a rather low sedimentation rate. The climate was warm-temperate to subtropical. In all studied sections, the Kiel Sand Member could be clearly distinguished from the Antwerpen Sand Member: similarities and differences are discussed. Moving to the north of Antwerp, the erosive base of the Antwerpen Sand Member cuts deeper into the Kiel Sand Member. The Early Miocene Unconformity (EMU) is suggested at this contact.
Ainda um corpo estranho?
Authors: Felicetti Marcelo , Fernandes Eliane Marquez da Fonseca
Published: December 2020

Mastro da Bandeira, Brasília, 1972: ainda “um corpo estranho” “invasor” da Praça dos Três Poderes? Shiiiii! Silêncio! Esta questão-título norteia o presente [inter]texto escavando reflexões discursivas sob “as formas do silêncio no movimento dos sentidos” (ORLANDI, 2018) acerca da obra do centenário arquiteto carioca Sergio Bernardes (1919/2002), em especial sobre este projeto emblemático. Objeto de intensa polêmica no meio arquitetônico na época, o Monumento ao Pavilhão Nacional é aqui compreendido como elemento simbólico/discursivo, numa operação crítica entre os campos da arquitetura e da análise do discurso (AD) de matriz francesa. Assim, recolocamo-nos: que possíveis efeitos de sentidos – efeitos em dispersão (FOUCAULT, 2013) – são produzidos a partir e em torno deste acontecimento (PÊCHEUX, 2006) se entrelaçando, entretecendo, construindo, fragmentando, dizendo em silêncio, em implícito, enunciando na opacidade da linguagem possíveis narrativas-arquivo (FOUCAULT, 2017) sobre esta obra-personagem?
utilização de registros sequenciais na avaliação do impacto na paisagem urbana do subúrbio ferroviário de Salvador
Authors: Rodrigues Marcos Antonio Nunes , Mello Márcia Maria Couto
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho aborda a utilização da técnica de registro visual, sequencial, para realizar um estudo de modificação da paisagem urbana. Foi tomado como estudo de caso, o anteprojeto de implantação de uma linha de monotrilho na cidade de Salvador, numa região de orla marítima ao longo do seu subúrbio ferroviário. A técnica de registro sequencial foi desenvolvida pelos arquitetos ingleses Hugh Hastings e Gordon Cullen, ligados ao movimento Townscape e aqui é complementada por questões ligadas à legislação do patrimônio construído bem como pelas categorias de análise desenvolvidas pelos autores.
Apresentação
Authors: Editorial Editorial
Published: December 2020

E chegamos ao final de 2020, ainda em trabalho remoto, lançando o segundo volume da revista Rua, neste mês de novembro! Continuamos na resistência de fazer circular a ciência, em nível de excelência, com amplo acesso público de modo a fomentar um fórum contínuo de debate e visibilidade de importantes análises que se fazem sobre cidade e linguagem. Como já dissemos, não é simples manter uma publicação com vigor nas atuais condições. Assim, reafirmamos que, se a Revista nunca se faz sozinha, é preciso aqui agradecer de modo muito especial e específico aos autores e pareceristas que continuaram, com energia, seus trabalhos de escrita e leitura de artigos, apesar de todos os desafios que estamos enfrentando, assim como a todos da equipe da Revista que a mantêm em dia e forte e bela. É preciso ainda agradecer à Unicamp que vem construindo condições para que todos os seus integrantes que tenham possibilidades continuem trabalhando de modo remoto e seguro. E é preciso agradecer, também, àqueles profissionais da Universidade cuja função exige o trabalho presencial. A todos nosso agradecimento científico-político-institucional por tudo o que os gestos de cada um significam na ciência, na sociedade, na vida em comum. Obrigada!
Maldonado
Authors: Brito Vinícius
Published: December 2020

O corpo de Salvador Maldonado ficou desaparecido por dois meses, depois de o jovem de 28 anos ter participado de um protesto em defesa da comunidade mapuche Pu Lof em Resistência, na comuna rural de Cushamen, a 1º de agosto de 2017. No dia 17 de outubro daquele ano, porém, o ativista foi encontrado sem vida no rio Chubut, próximo ao local onde a polícia nacional (“gendarmería”) havia repreendido, de forma truculenta, o ato mapuche, em agosto. A partir daí, o debate público, as organizações sociais e a família de Maldonado cobraram investigação do governo nesse caso, que mostra luzes/sombras do poder, frente aos direitos humanos (BARBUTO, 2017). Sustentada por peritos, a versão oficial para a morte do ativista é de afogamento, negando, portanto, a repressão violenta dos policiais e a responsabilidade do Estado.
O desaparecimento e a morte de Maldonado ressoaram em diversas mobilizações sociais no segundo semestre de 2017 na Argentina, viabilizando, entre outros, o ativismo artístico (CAPASSO, BUGNONE, 2019). Ao mesmo tempo, a “inscrição” do militante em fotografias/cartazes de  movimentos sociais no espaço urbano marca, segundo Catela (2019), o cenário violento da relação entre Estado e povos originários, como os mapuches, e, também, remete aos regimes autoritários, na história recente da América Latina e, em especial, a da Argentina.
Há três anos da desaparição/morte de Maldonado, inicio esta série de foto-colagens com a Imagem 1, sobre cartazes afixados nas paredes de Buenos Aires, capital argentina. Nela, vemos fragmentos de dois anúncios, parcialmente rasgados, nos quais lemos “aparición con vida ya de Santiago Maldonado” e “el gobierno y el Estado son responsables”. Em ambos, reproduz-se, em desdobramento, uma fotografia de um cartaz de manifestação pela vida do mapuche (no canto superior, à direita) e uma imagem contrastada dele (no canto inferior, à esquerda). A esta foto-colagem chamo, a princípio, de “abstrata”, porque mostra esse funcionamento de desdobramento do cartaz, que remete a outros cartazes/dizeres, dentro de certa memória do ativismo latino-americano.
PENDEKATAN INSTRUKSIONAL PADA PERMAINAN ‘FAST FOR WORD READING SERIES’ UNTUK PERKEMBANGAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA BAHASA INGGRIS ANAK DWIBAHASA
Authors: Zakiyah Fitriyatuz
Published: December 2020

Abstrak  Aplikasi Permainan ‘Fast for Word Reading Series’ menawarkan proses pengajaran membaca bahasa Inggris yang efektif hanya dalam kurun waktu kurang dari satu tahun. Aplikasi ini menggunakan pendekatan Effective Reading yang telah dipaparkan oleh National Learning Corporation. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peran pendekatan instruksional Effective Reading pada sebuah game untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca bahasa Inggris anak. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kualitatif untuk menjelaskan secara rinci bagaimana metode yang digunakan oleh permainan tersebut dinilai efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan membaca anak. Objek pada penelitian ini adalah aplikasi Fast for Word Reading Series. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa lima pendekatan dari effective Reading telah diterapkan dalam permainan Fast for Word Reading Series. Kelima tahap itu, telah membagi permainan ini menjadi enam seri. Sehingga anak mampu meningkatkan keterampilan dan pemahaman membaca bahasa Inggris dengan baik. Selain itu, melalui pendekatan yang efektif dan pembelajaran yang dimulai dari dasar yaitu kesadaran fonemik hingga mampu mebaca dan memahami suatu teks yang mereka baca.
POSITIVE POLITENESS STRATEGIES USED BY DAVID MUIR AND DONALD TRUMP ON “ABC NEWS” AND IN “CHARLIE ROSE SHOW”
Authors: Marpudianto Kharis
Published: December 2020

Abstract This research examines Donald Trump and David Muir’s Utterances on ABC News and in Charlie Rose Show. The researcher also focuses positive politeness used by David Muir and Donald Trump. The researcher mainly utilized Pragmatics theory by Brown and Levinson which consists of four strategies, there are positive politeness, negative politeness, bald on record, and off record but, the researcher only focuses in positive politeness. As the methodology, the researcher used descriptive-qualitative approach to concern the description and the interpretation of Donald Trump videos. Under descriptive-qualitative method, this research significantly gives a wider understanding about how linguistic subjects emerges through pragmatics structure. The researcher gathered the data by downloading the interviews of Donald Trump on ABC News and in Charlie Rose Show, also the factors that influenced positive politeness used by David Muir and Donald Trump. As the result, there are 28 data were collected in this research and contained 10 types of positive politeness strategies based on Brown and Levinson’s theory. Moreover, there are two factors that influenced David Muir and Donald Trump. Those are social distance and relative power. Keywords: Pragmatics, Politeness Strategy, Positive Politeness, Donald trump, David Muir.Abstrakpenelitian ini meneliti ucapan Donald Trump dan David Muir di ABC News dan Charlie Rose Show. Peneliti juga memfokuskan pada strategi kesantunan positif yang digunakan oleh David Muir dan Donald Trump. Peneliti menggunakan teori pragmatik dari Brown and Levinson yang terdiri dari empat strategi yaitu, kesantunan positif, kesantunan negatif, ujaran secara langsung, ujaran secara tidak langsung. Tetapi, peneliti hanya lebih fokus di strategi kesantunan positif. Peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang berhubungan dengan deskripsi dan interpretasi dari video Donald Trump. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif bisa memberikan pengertian lebih luas tentang pelajaran linguistik dengan melalui teori pragmatik. Peneliti memperolah data dengan mengunduh video wawancara Donald Trump di ABC News dan Charlie Rose Show dan ada dua faktor yang mempengaruhi David Muir dan Donald Trump. Sebagai hasil dari penelitian ini, peneliti menemukan 28 data yang terdapat di penelitian ini dan ada 10 macam srategi kesantunan positif. Selain itu ada 2 sebab yang mempengaruhi David Muir dan Donald Trump untuk melakukan strategi kesopanan positif yaitu jarak sosial dan kekuasaan tidak mutlak. Kata kunci: Pragmatik, Strategi Kesantunan, Kesantunan Positif, Donald Trump, David Muir.
Getting Past “Purposeful”: Exploring Dimensionality in Nonprofit Executive Performance Information Use
Authors: FitzGerald Clare
Published: December 2020

Although performance information use (PIU) among public managers is a growing and increasingly relevant research area, the existing evidence base has two significant limitations for those interested in its application to nonprofit executives. First, large survey investigations, the predominant method used to assess PIU behaviors, have rarely sampled outside of government. Second, despite theoretical arguments and empirical support for PIU being a multidimensional behavior, only ‘purposeful’ use (i.e., the deliberate and instrumental use of performance information in decision-making to improve organizational operations) has been examined with any regularity. Thus, in addition to developing theory around PIU for nonprofit executives (rather than just public managers within governments), I test established drivers of purposeful and political PIU using survey data from 260 nonprofit executives throughout the United States. Results show that nonprofit executive PIU is driven by different considerations than public manager PIU. Additionally, results show that leadership support of performance measurement is an important driver of purposeful and political PIU, with organizational goal clarity and networking behavior also, specifically, driving political PIU.
The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Network Performance: A Study of Continuum of Care Homeless Networks
Authors: Valero Jesus N. , Jang Hee Soun
Published: December 2020

The trend toward using collaborative networks has increased in recent years—creating a need to understand the unique leadership skills and qualities that are necessary of managers to effectively function within this new normal. This article examines the relationship between transformational leadership and network performance in Continuum of Care homeless service networks. We hypothesize that transformational leadership behaviors of network managers contribute to the effective management of a homeless service network. We test this proposal using survey data from 237 respondents who lead federally funded Continuum of Care homeless service networks. Findings indicate that transformational leadership behaviors have a positive and statistically significant effect on the performance of the homeless service networks.
Derivation of Time and Spatial Decaying of Schrodinger Equation Using Maxwell Electric Equation to Describe Scattering in Some Physical Systems
Authors: Mohammed AbdAlgadir Lutfi , Saad Zoalnoon Ahmed Abeid Allah , Abdulgadir HassabAllah Mohamed , Dirar Mubarak
Published: December 2020

Maxwell equation for the electric field has been solved for any medium by suggesting the wavenumber and angular frequency be complex quantities. This accounts for the field decay by interaction with the medium.This expression for the time and special decay of the electric field in a medium is used to construct a new wave function sensitive to the medium physical properties. This new wave function, unlike the conventional one, differentiates between a beam of particles in a vacuum and that enters a medium which is an attenuated due to the scattering effect.Another expression for time decaying electric field was obtained using Newton’s laws for frictional medium. This expression shows that the electric field diminishes due to friction.Fortunately, this time decaying part of the electric field is typical to that derived from Maxwell’s equations. Finally, a new Schrodinger equation sensitive to the medium properties was derived. This equation, fortunately, describes some scattering processes for Protein scattering, scattering of x-rays, opto-acoustic phonons, and Raman scattering for some materials successfully .
How Toxic indeed is Oxymetazoline? Collection and Comparison of Toxicological Data of Pharmacologically Active Imidazoline Derivatives
Authors: Strey Karsten
Published: December 2020

Imidazoline derivatives, such as xylometazoline, naphazoline, tetryzoline, tramazoline or oxymetazoline play an important pharmacological role as nasal drops in the symptomatic treatment of rhinitis. When comparing the toxicological data of these substances, it is noticeable that Oxymetazoline has an LD50 value which is two orders of magnitude lower than all other imidazoline derivatives. Thus, ten vials of commercially available oxymetazoline nasal drops already contain a lethal amount. An explanation for this unusually high toxicity has not yet been found.
Chimeric Drug Design with a Noncharged Carrier for Mitochondrial Delivery
Authors: Ripoll Consuelo , Herrero-Foncubierta Pilar , Puente-Muñoz Virginia , Gonzalez-Garcia M. Carmen , Miguel Delia , Resa Sandra , Paredes Jose M. , Ruedas-Rama Maria J. , Garcia-Fernandez Emilio , Martin Miguel , Roldan Mar , Rocha Susana , De Keersmaecker Herlinde , Hofkens Johan , Cuerva Juan M. , Orte Angel
Published: December 2020

Recently, it was proposed that the thiophene ring is capable of promoting mitochondrial accumulation when linked to fluorescent markers. As a noncharged group, thiophene presents several advantages from a synthetic point of view, making it easier to incorporate such a side moiety into different molecules. Herein, we confirm the general applicability of thiophene group as mitochondrial carrier for drugs and fluorescent markers, based on a new concept of nonprotonable, noncharged transporters. We implemented this concept in a medicinal chemistry application by developing an anti-tumoral, metabolic chimeric drug, based on PDHK inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA). The promising features of the thiophene moiety as a noncharged carrier for targeting mitochondria may represent a starting point for the design of new metabolism-aimed drugs.
Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Workload and Burnout of Fashion Retailing Workers in Spain
Authors: Rodríguez-López Ana María , Rubio-Valdehita Susana , Díaz-Ramiro Eva María
Published: December 2020

This study analyzed the levels of mental workload and the presence of burnout on a sample of fashion retailing workers from Spain and its relationship with the actual Covid-19 pandemic by exploring Covid-19 pandemic predictors of burnout and mental workload. We established a prospective cross-sectional design. Participants (n = 360) answered an online survey including questions about sociodemographic data, perception of Covid-19, CarMen-Q questionnaire (workload), and MBI (burnout syndrome). We obtained data throughout October-November 2020. The results showed that participants exhibit deep concern about the Covid-19 pandemic and its influence at the work level. Although the mental workload was near the middle point of the scale, participants showed moderate to high burnout levels, revealing that the sample is at risk of experiencing higher burnout levels over time as the pandemic and associated economic crisis continue. The multidimensional regression analysis results indicated that environmental changes, work overload, somatic symptoms, insomnia, negative job expectations, and uncertainty constituted significant mental workload predictors. Insomnia, somatic symptoms, and negative job expectations constituted significant predictors for burnout. In conclusion, the uncertainty at work derived from the Covid-19 pandemic is harming the psychological wellbeing of fashion retailing workers in Spain.
Single and Combined Abiotic Stress in Maize Root Morphology
Authors: Sorgonà Agostino , Vescio Rosa , Abenavoli Maria Rosa
Published: December 2020

Plants are continually exposed to multiple stresses, which co-occur in nature and the net effects are frequently more non-additive (i.e., synergistic or antagonistic) suggesting ‘unique’ responses respect to that of the individual stress. Further, plant stress responses are not uniforms showing a high spatial and temporal variability among and along the different organs. In this respect, the present work investigated the morphological responses of different root types (seminal, seminal lateral, primary, primary lateral) of maize plants exposed to single (drought and heat) and combined stress (drought + heat). Data were evaluated by a specific root image analysis system (WinRHIZO) and analyzed by uni- and multi-variate statistical analysis. The results indicated that primary root and their laterals were the types more sensitive to the single and combined stresses while the seminal laterals specifically responded to the combined only. Further, antagonistic and synergistic effects were observed for the specific traits in the primary and their laterals and in the seminal lateral roots in response to the combined stress. These results suggested that maize root system modified specific root types and traits to face with different stressful environmental conditions highlighting that the adaptation strategy to the combined stress may be different from that of the individual ones. The knowledge of “unique or shared” responses of plant to multiple stress can be utilized to develop varieties with broad spectrum stress tolerance.
Unveiling the Unexpected Reactivity of Electrophilic Diazoalkanes in [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions within Molecular Electron Density Theory
Authors: Domingo Luis R. , Ríos-Gutiérrez Mar , Acharjee Nivedita
Published: December 2020

The [3+2] cycloaddition (32CA) reactions of strongly nucleophilic norbornadiene (NBD) with simplest diazoalkane (DAA) and three DAAs of increased electrophilicity have been studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) at the MPWB1K/6-311G(d,p) computational level. These pmr-type 32CA reactions follow an asynchronous one-step mechanism with activation enthalpies ranging from 17.7 to 27.9 kcal·mol-1 in acetonitrile. The high exergonic character of these reactions makes them irreversible. The presence of electron-withdrawing (EW) substituents in the DAA increases the activation enthalpies, in complete agreement with the experimental slowing-down of the reactions, but contrary to the Conceptual DFT prediction. Despite the nucleophilic and electrophilic character of the reagents, the global electron density transfer at the TSs indicates rather non-polar 32CA reactions. The present MEDT study allows establishing that the depopulation of the NNC core in this series of DAAs with the increase of the EW character of the substituents present at the carbon center is responsible for the experimentally found deceleration.
Association between Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Depression Symptoms in Young People and Adults Aged 15-45: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies
Authors: Dharmayani Putu Novi Arfirsta , Juergens Melissa , Farinelli Margaret Allman , Mihrshahi Seema
Published: December 2020

Higher consumption of fruit and vegetables has been associated with a lower risk of various chronic diseases including coronary heart disease, obesity, and certain cancers. Recently, fruit and vegetable intake has also been linked with mental health, including depression. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the association between fruit and vegetable intake and depressive symptoms in young people and adults aged 15-45. The systematic review focused on peer-reviewed cohort studies published from 1 January 2000 to 31 August 2020 using searches of six electronic databases. The exposure was fruit and vegetable consumption analysed both separately and/or together, and the outcome was depression or depressive symptoms. Data from eligible studies were extracted according to predefined criteria and the studies were appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for Cohort Studies to evaluate for study quality and risk of bias. To evaluate the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and depressive symptoms, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Of 9667 potentially relevant studies that were screened for title and abstracts, 144 full text studies were evaluated, and 12 studies from seven countries were deemed eligible and included in the qualitative synthesis. Using the NOS framework one study was categorised as ‘very good’ quality, ten studies were ‘good’ quality, and two studies were ‘moderate’ quality. With respect to combined fruit and vegetable consumption, two studies demonstrated an inverse association with depression. When the effects of fruit and vegetable on depression were analysed separately, five studies showed significant associations in fruit consumption, and two studies showed significant associations in vegetable consumption. Four studies showed no association between combined fruit and vegetable consumption and depression, one study showed no association between fruit consumption and depression, and two studies showed no association between vegetable consumption and depression. Despite some contradictory results in the studies included in this review, the evidence seems to be building that a possible association exists, and this may have implications for addressing the burden of mental illness in young people and adults aged 15-45 years. Well-designed prospective cohort studies are needed to provide more robust evidence on the diet-depression relationship.
Recent Advances in Faba Bean Genetic and Genomic Tools for Crop Improvement
Authors: Khazaei Hamid , O'Sullivan Donal , Stoddard Frederick , Adhikari Kedar , Paull Jeffrey , Schulman Alan H , Andersen Stig , Vandenberg Albert
Published: December 2020

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.), a member of the Fabaceae family, is one of the important food legumes cultivated in cool temperate regions. It holds great importance for human consumption and livestock feed because of its high protein content, dietary fibre, and nutritional value. Major faba bean breeding challenges include its mixed breeding system, unknown wild progenitor, and genome size of ~13 Gb, which is the largest among diploid field crops. The key breeding objectives in faba bean include improved resistance to biotic and abiotic stress and enhanced seed quality traits. Major progress on reduction of vicine-convicine and seed coat tannins, the main anti-nutritional factors limiting faba bean seed usage, have been recently achieved through gene discovery. Genomic resources are relatively less advanced compared to other grain legume species, but significant improvements are underway due to a recent significant increase in research activities. A number of bi-parental populations have been constructed and mapped for targeted traits in the last decade. Faba bean now benefits from saturated synteny‐based genetic maps, along with next-generation sequencing and high-throughput genotyping technologies that are paving the way for marker-assisted selection. Developing a reference genome, and ultimately a pan-genome, will provide a foundational resource for molecular breeding. In this review, we cover the recent development and deployment of genomic tools for faba bean breeding.
The Development of a Mitigation System based on a Remote Impoundment
Authors: Song Hyeon Oh , Jang Junyeong , Lee Chang Jun
Published: December 2020

After the occurrence of a hydrogen fluoride leakage accident that triggered massive losses in Gumi, South Korea in 2012, the government and companies have been interested in installing mitigation systems to minimize the loss of a leakage accident. What lacks in previous researches studying mitigation systems is an evaluation of how much a mitigation system can reduce the impact of accidents. Therefore, modeling-based simulations of mitigation systems should be urgently developed to analysis of the performance of a mitigation system. This study aims to design a mitigation system to handle a leakage accident of a storage tank and determine its design specifications through the use of modeling. The basic concept is that when leakage occurs, leakage material in a dike is drained to a remote impoundment installed under the ground, while the material in the storage vessel is transferred to a reserve tank by a pump at the same time. To evaluate the efficacy of this system. hydrogen fluoride and benzene storage vessels are tested. The simulation results indicate that the proposed mitigation system can contribute to the reduction in the dispersion area for the materials as well as a large reduction in the leakage material.
Understanding Smallholder Farmers’ Intention to Adopt Agricultural Apps: The Role of Mastery-Approach and Innovation Hubs
Authors: Molina-Maturano* Janet , Verhulst Nele , Tur-Cardona Juan , Güereña David , Gardeazábal-Monsalve Andrea , Govaerts Bram , Speelman Stijn
Published: December 2020

While current studies have focused on adoption and the relevant content of the app to become a decision support system, very few studies have focused on the farmer's intention and initial decision to adopt. Based on a survey of 394 smallholder farmers this study investigated Mexican farmers’ willingness to adopt an agricultural advice app. A Structural Equation Modelling approach, based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was applied. To understand farmers’ adoption decision, extended constructs were studied (e.g. mastery-approach goals) along with farmers’ age and participation in an innovation hub. Results showed that the intention to adopt the app is predicted by how farmers believe that technical infrastructure exists and by the expectation of the farmers using the app to acquire new knowledge. The multi-group analysis revealed that performance expectancy is a relevant predictor of the intention to adopt, whereas the mastery-approach goal is relevant only for younger and farmers not connected to the innovation hub. The results may well be a baseline to research further suitable non-financial incentives for different farmers’ groups, then encourage initial adoption and enhance uptake. The findings are useful for practitioners and app developers designing digital decision support tools.
Sex Differences in Photoprotective Responses to 1,25- Dihydroxyvitamin D3 in Mice are Modulated by the Estrogen Receptor-β
Authors: Tongkao-on Wannit , Yang Chen , McCarthy Bianca Y , De Silva Warusavithana GM , Rybchyn Mark S , Gordon-Thomson Clare , Dixon Katie M , Halliday Gary M , Reeve Vivienne E , Mason Rebecca S.
Published: December 2020

Susceptibility to photoimmune suppression and photocarcinogenesis is greater in male than in female humans and mice and is exacerbated in female estrogen receptor-beta knockout (ER-β-/-) mice. We previously reported that the active vitamin D hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D) applied topically protects against ultraviolet radiation (UV)-induction of cutaneous cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and suppression of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) in female mice. Here we compare these responses in female versus male Skh:hr1 mice, in ER-β-/- versus wild type C57BL/6 mice, and in female ER-blockaded Skh:hr1 mice. Induction of CPDs was significantly greater in male than female Skh:hr1 mice and was more effectively reduced by 1,25(OH)2D in female Skh:hr1 and C57BL/6 mice, than in male Skh:hr1 or ER-β-/- mice respectively. This correlated with reduced sunburn inflammation by 1,25(OH)2D in female but not male Skh:hr1 mice. Furthermore, although 1,25(OH)2D alone dose-dependently suppressed basal CHS responses in male Skh:hr1 and ER-β-/- mice, UV-induced immunosuppression was universally observed. In female Skh:hr1 and C57BL/6 mice, the immunosuppression was decreased by 1,25(OH)2D dose-dependently, but not in male Skh:hr1, ER-β-/- or ER-blockaded mice. These results reveal a sex bias in genetic, inflammatory and immune photoprotection by 1,25(OH)2D favoring female mice, that is dependent on the presence of ER-β.
Electrical Resistivity Sensors for Monitoring the Water Exchange in Hardened Concrete
Authors: Cobos Rubén Beltrán , Pinto Fabiano Tavares , Moreno Mercedes Sánchez
Published: December 2020

The development of a remote sensing system is proposed in the present study for monitoring of the electrical resistance of concrete in real time. The sensor is embedded in the concrete bulk, and the data are sent via a gateway to a computer for the data analysis. The sensibility of the sensors to the effect of the presence of a crystalline admixture has been also assessed in the study. Different cycles of drying and water penetration have been considered to assess the sensor performance in different water content conditions. Sensors have shown to capable of detecting changes in electrical resistance when humidity changes. The sensitive of the sensors to the action of waterproofing admixtures in the mortar has been also confirmed. The contribution of the temperature plays a critical role on the sensor response, and its simultaneous monitoring is recommended.
REPRODUCTIVE ASPECTS OF THE PRAWN Macrobrachium amazonicum IN A CONTINENTAL POPULATION LIVING DOWNSTREAM OF A HYDROELECTRIC DAM
Authors: MIRANDA Lubia Maciel , RODRIGUES Larissa Rosa , PANTALEÃO João Alberto Farinelli , ANDRADE Luciana Segura de
Published: December 2020

The migratory behavior of females of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) can indicate a strategy that optimizes the population establishment. With this idea in mind, we evaluated the reproductive biology of M. amazonicum, hypothesizing that females were evenly distributed downstream of Hydroelectric Dam. Specimens were collected monthly for one year, from six sites of Rio Grande river. The specimens were sexed and measured (carapace length; CL). A total of 14,697 adults were captured, 2,864 males (AM), 11,082 non-breeding females (AF) and 751 breeding females (BF). The smallest BF had 3.8 mm CL. The distribution of demographic groups was assessed by a Principal Component Analysis (PCA), which explained 95.16% of the distribution over the collection sites. Breeding females were more abundant in the sites closest to the dam. This result can be explained by rainfall, which varied significantly throughout the year. As the breeding females migrated upstream toward the dam and were more abundant there, ourhypothesis of homogeneous distribution was rejected. This behavior probably optimizes larval dispersion. The reproduction was continuous with peaks in the period preceding the maximum rainfall.
RISK FACTORS OF LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS AT HOSPITALS IN JEMBER CITY INDONESIA
Authors: Wardani Hamidah Retno , Mertaniasih Ni Made , Soedarsono Soedarsono
Published: December 2020

Background: Healthcare workers in Tuberculosis (TB) and non-TB units in hospitals have a high risk of experiencing Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI), because of exposure to droplets containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This study aims to prove LTBI incidence and risk factors to healthcare workers at the hospital in Jember City. Material and Methods: a cross-sectional study, from January to March 2020 in two hospitals in Jember City. Healthcare workers in the TB care and non-TB care unit were examined using Tuberculin skin test (TST) with a cut off ≥ 10 mm for positive LTBI. Chest x-ray and clinical examination to rule out active TB and a standardized questionnaire were also used. Results: 128 healthcare workers completed the questionnaires, clinical, tuberculin skin test (TST), and chest x-ray data. LTBI incidence of positive results 61.7% (n = 79). Contacts TB in the workplace (p value = 0.219; OR = 1.643; CI = 0.742-3.641) and a unit of work (p value = 0.102; OR = 0.760; CI = 0.559-1.031) has no relationship with LTBI. The profession (p value = 0.020; OR = 1.112; CI = 0.896-1.403), the duration of the work (p value = 0.039; OR = 2.984; CI = 1.067-8.342), and BCG immunization (p value =0.000; OR = 0.151; CI = 0.052-0.438) have important relationships with LTBI. Conclusion: TB infection with a high incidence, a risk of transmission to healthcare workers, and a relationship between occupational risk factors and LTBI among healthcare workers in Jember City, Indonesia have been established in this study.
Estimation of the cost price of the enterprise with the possibility of modeling contract positions
Authors: Damarad A. V. , Shcherbakova V. P.
Published: December 2020

The need to account for cost price occupies an important place in the enterprise management system. One of the important tasks of accounting for cost price is to control the cost of production. The cost price includes the total costs necessary for the enterprise to carry out production and commercial activities related to the production and sale of products, that is, everything that the enterprise costs to produce and sell products.

To determine the economic benefits of selling the company’s finished products, it is necessary to know the final cost of the proposed contract. The amount of profit directly depends on the correctness of setting the sales price of products. This article discusses the assessment of the economic effect when modeling various contract positions based on the cost price of the enterprise, which will allow you to quickly solve production issues.

The source data is information stored in the SAP ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning System) system: materials, component lists, component standards, etc. The source data processing and analysis system is SAP BI (Business Intelligence). To display the final result, we use a program designed for working with Microsoft Excel spreadsheets.
Presence of a mutation in PSEN1 or PSEN2 gene is associated with an impaired brain endothelial cell phenotype in vitro
Authors: Raut Snehal , Patel Ronak , Al-Ahmad Abraham
Published: December 2020

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease. It is an irreversible condition marked by irreversible cognitive loss, commonly attributed to the loss of hippocampal neurons due to the formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Although the sporadic form is the most prevalent, the presence of familial form (involving several genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2) of the disease is commonly used as a model for understanding the pathophysiology of the disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a mutation on PSEN1 and PSEN2 genes on the BBB function using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).Methods: iPSC lines from patients suffering from a familial form of Alzheimer’s disease and harboring mutations in PSEN1 or PSEN2 were used in this study and compared to a control iPSC line. Cells were differentiated into brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) following established differentiation protocols. Barrier function was assessed by measuring TEER and fluorescein permeability, drug transporter activity was assessed by uptake assay, glucose uptake and metabolism assessed by cell flux analyzer, mitochondrial potential by JC-1, and lysosomal acidification by acridine orange. Results: iPSC-derived BMECs from the FAD patient presenting a mutation in the PSEN1 gene showed impaired barrier function compared to the FAD patient harboring a mutation in PSEN2 and to the control group. Such impaired barrier function correlated with poor tight junction complexes and reduced drug efflux pump activity. In addition, both PSEN1 and PSEN2-BMECs displayed reduced bioenergetics, lysosomal acidification, autophagy, while showing an increase in radical oxygen species (ROS) production. Finally, PSEN1- and PSEN2-BMECs showed an elevated secretion of Ab1-40 peptides compared to control-BMECs.Conclusion: Our study reports that iPSC-derived BMECs obtained from FAD patients showed impaired barrier properties and BMEC metabolism. In particular, mutation in the PSEN1 gene was associated with a more detrimental phenotype than mutation in PSEN2, as noted by a reduced barrier function, reduced drug efflux pump activity, and diminished glucose metabolism. Therefore, assessing the contribution of genetic mutations associated with Alzheimer’s disease will allow us to better understand the contribution of the BBB in dementia, but also other neurodegenerative diseases.