bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ocupar, urbanizar, regularizar el dominio desde la acción colectiva. Indagaciones sobre el barrio Malvinas II de La Plata.
Authors: Di Croce Garay Andrea
Published: November 2021

The experiences of social production of habitat in Latin America are countless. In all its corners, families organize themselves and, with the strength and time remaining from working hours, build their homes and neighborhoods. In these practices, organized neighborhood groups tend to develop links with social organizations, professional groups and / or state agencies that accompany the experiences in different ways. This paper aims to review what happened in the Malvinas II neighborhood of La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina), where collective action was the protagonist of the process of occupation, urbanization and ownership regularization of the neighborhood. To develop the work, secondary sources were analyzed that allowed us to know the current housing situation of the neighborhood; the existing bibliography on the case was reviewed; and interviews were conducted with residents of the neighborhood, state workers and members of social organizations participating in these processes. As a result, it was possible to reconstruct the housing process of the neighborhood, distinguish the contributions and difficulties of interactoral participation, and recognize the relevance that collective action (crossed by the temporalities and porosities of the group of actors) has in improving the popular habitat.
Wybrane pisma slawistyczne
Authors: Mańczak Witold , Stachowski Marek
Published: November 2021

Trzy kryteria podstawowe zadecydowały o doborze prac do niniejszej antologii. Z jednej strony było to ograniczenie do tematyki slawistycznej. Z drugiej zaś strony ich wciąż aktualne znaczenie naukowe i nadal płynąca z nich inspiracja w połączeniu ‒ i to będzie trzecie kryterium ‒ z utrudnionym do nich dostępem. Nie można się bowiem spodziewać, że zwłaszcza młodsze biblioteki naukowe czy wręcz indywidualni czytelnicy językoznawczy zdołają zebrać w swych kolekcjach wszelkie czasopisma polskie z minionego stulecia czy czasopisma zagraniczne, niejednokrotnie również sprzed wielu lat. Ujęcie w tym tomie wszystkich prac slawistycznych było niemożliwe, ponieważ bardzo istotnie wzrosłaby wówczas jego objętość. Ale też nie każdy artykuł zachował do dziś swą świeżość i moc w równym stopniu. Podejmowanie decyzji, co wydać, a czego nie, zawsze wiąże się ze świadomością, że ktoś inny mógłby preferować inny dobór tekstów. To są niezmiennie decyzje indywidualne. Zdecydowałem się na przykład włączyć do tomu monografię Polska fonetyka i morfologia historyczna (1. wyd.: Łódź 1965; 2. wyd.: Warszawa 1975; 3. wyd.: Warszawa 1983), po części przez ciepłe wspomnienie swej niegdysiejszej lektury, a po części żywiąc szczere przekonanie, że książka ta, po raz ostatni wydana bez mała 40 lat temu, jest dziś rzadkością biblioteczną, a przy tym daje czytelnikowi tak wiele ciekawych informacji, że nadal warto ją polecać, zwłaszcza młodemu pokoleniu, któremu teraz jej lektura przyniesie tak samo duży pożytek, jak mnie przyniosła przed laty.
Supporting student nurses to develop healthy conversation skills
Authors: Mills Anne , Knight Anneyce , Burdett Teresa
Published: November 2021

As advocates for health, nurses are ideally situated to deliver effective health promotion in their daily interactions with people. This work evaluates the integration of healthy conversation training, making every contact count (MECC), into a health promotion module in an undergraduate nursing degree at a higher education institute (HEI). In all, 108 students completed the online questionnaire I year after receiving healthy conversation training. 67% of students reported the regular or occasional use of healthy conversation skills and identified a wide range of scenarios where they had used the skills. 65% of students used health action planning framework in their own personal self-care. Student nurses acknowledged barriers and enablers to their use of healthy conversation skills. Having knowledgeable mentors who role modelled healthy conversations skills in their consultations was the most frequently raised factor, in addition to lack of knowledge of local resources, time and confidence. All placement settings should ensure that registered nurses, especially those undertaking mentorship responsibilities have access to healthy conversation training.
A proposed psychological model for understanding and supporting individuals living with tokophobia
Authors: Archibald Sarah-Jane
Published: November 2021

Tokophobia is an overwhelming fear of pregnancy and birth that can lead to severe mental health difficulties in the perinatal period. The condition can be experienced by men as well as women and has implications for physical and mental health wellbeing in pregnancy and the postnatal period. Individuals with tokophobia are likely to have experienced previous traumatic events, which can trigger the condition and are also vulnerable to experiencing traumatic stress. This article proposes an adapted psychologically informed trauma model to help health professionals to understand and support pregnant women (and men) living with this condition. The aim of this is to raise awareness of the condition, as well as offer a guide for professionals to support and validate those living with this condition, as well as help them to feel safe and secure with the professional supporting them. It is hoped that this will lead those with tokophobia to experience a sense of safety, calmness, self-efficacy, connectedness and hope in working with professionals supporting them. This may, in turn, lead to them feeling more empowered and connected to becoming a parent and in planning their birth journey for those that are pregnant and living with this condition.
Abraham Accords, Indo-Pacific Accord and the US-Led Nexus of Curtailment: Threat to Regional Security, and Joint Counter Strategy
Authors: Syed Shabana , Ahmed Zainab
Published: November 2021

The Abraham Accords emerged against a background of a new geostrategic reality of shifting balances of power towards Eurasia. They have served to elevate Israel and cause divisions among Muslims to intensify the Arab-Iran conflict. The Accords also signalled that the US could now direct its focus on China, which it considers an existential threat for its global hegemony. Asia-Pacific region is fast transforming through economic growth led by China, and economists have heralded this phenomenon as the emergence of the 'New Asian Century.' This paper argues that the US might resort to create constructive chaos in the region through its alliance with Israel and India. Washington has put this strategy in place since 2001 and it has been successful in taming the region in the its favor. In continuation to the War on Terror (WoT) policies that targeted Muslim nations, the US reinvigorated its Pivot to Asia' policy which targets China, Russia, Iran, and Pakistan. A major threat for Washington is the expansion and recognition of Beijing's ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) that will transform the global geopolitical landscape, connecting it with 65 countries across the globe. China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) being a major project in the framework of transnational connectivity has huge potential for Pakistan. India is playing a key role as a lynchpin for the US in the region and is perturbed equally from the rise of China, and regional development projects of the latter. China, Russia, Pakistan and Iran need to devise a joint regional strategy to safeguard their collective interests. If the US fails in its objective to contain China and its developing alliances, it will attempt to destabilize the region through the strategy of constructive chaos.
Utilizing Militia Forces in Modern Warfare: Role and Challenges
Authors: Mirza Muhammad Nasrullah , Mushtaq Naveed
Published: November 2021

The militia as an informal pro-government irregular force helps government forces through a range of asymmetric security threats. Since 9/11, the employment of militia forces has been on the rise. Although the informal Pro-Government Militias (PGMs) operate in juxtaposition with the regular land forces, they are loosely aligned with them. Given the nativity of its members to the battlefield, a militia is best suited to comprehend the operational and tactical situation and, making itself a viable option for state-led forces both from the perspective of low-cost force or its flexibility to deal with irregular threats. Most informal PGMs maintain a stronger ideological and political base, they do not often care about the limitation of their sponsoring state's sovereignty and the legitimacy of their actions. They may even develop linkages with the terrorist outfits for their immediate goals. This puts national security in grave danger. Given the risks, weaker states become vulnerable at the hands of their sponsored militants. Still, the state-led forces will remain inclined to exploit such paramilitary forces to let them shoulder the burden of national security against asymmetric threats.
Locust Attack in Pakistan: Assessing and Dealing with the Threat
Authors: Pervaz Bukhtawer
Published: November 2021

The recent locust attack in Pakistan is a grave threat to food security during the pandemic of Covid-19. The government was cognizant of the threat and made strategies to overcome it. The phenomenon, however, is neither new nor over. The risk to the food security is very real and needs a cross disciplinary approach to understand the phenomenon, a transnational synergy to monitor, prevent, and control the outbreaks, and a global effort to train and equip the developing nations against the threat. Pakistan needs to remain vigilant and alert in order to monitor the internal breeding grounds in Balochistan, Sindh and Punjab, and to keep an eye on the transnational movement of the insects that might enter Pakistan. It also needs to strategize the effort through sustained national cohesion and by taking all the stakeholders onboard. This paper examines the recent locust attack and the government's response towards it. It further analyzes the threats to food security and the government strategies to be adopted. The consequences of such incidents for Pakistan in future would be disastrous in the absence of policies and in view of the unstable national economy. The locust attacks would not only pose a threat to food security; they would cause reduction in exports and necessitate import of food products. This will ultimately disturb the balance of payments, resulting in more loans. The paper aims to provide possible policy recommendations to deal with such threats, institutional arrangements, and strategies that may be workable at the micro and macro levels.
Space Adequacy Analysis Based on Population Pressure National park Area (Case Study : Putri Betung Sub District, Gayo Lues, Aceh)
Authors: Muhardian Munar , Rusdi Muhammad , Karim Abubakar
Published: November 2021

The land requirement for Putri Betung Sub District in Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) area kept increasing along with the population growth. The population density in the Putri Betung Sub-district was driven by the need for cultivation and residential area along the GLNP conservation boundary. This study aims to analyze the space adequacy for Putri Betung Sub-District in the GLNP area based on the population pressure prediction for 20 years. The research method was conducted by field survey using remote sensing, interviewed the residents, and analyzed the population pressure index using the Soemarwoto formula. The Population Pressure Index (PPI) for the cultivation area was determined from 13 villages in Putri Betung Subdistrict and shows that 12 villages had a PPI 1 value (population pressure was over the land carrying capacity limits). Only one village had PPI 1 (population pressure less than the land carrying capacity. Based on data surveys obtained, the cultivation area set in the Putri Betung area was no longer sufficient for population, resulting from the expansion in the GLNP area of 4,776.97 ha. Meanwhile, predictive analysis on space adequacy for people living decently in Putri Betung Sub District for 20 upcoming years is 6117.15 ha. In conclusion, 12 out of 13 villages in the Putri Betung SubDistrict have PPI 1 value, which is inversely proportional to the land carrying capacity. The PPI values could result in other pressures on the ecology and biodiversity conservation in National Park. It is suggested that the government need to surpass the pressure by making new policy on people’s resettlement, expanding the cultivation area, or shifting people's livelihoods
Effect of Silica Addition on Mechanical Properties of Eggshell-Derived Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Fatma . , Desnelli . , Riyanti Fahma , Kamal Mustafa , Mannan Muhammad Ramdan Abdul , Hariani Poedji Loekitowati
Published: November 2021

Eggshell is a solid waste that is available in abundance but is being left unused. Eggshell containing calcium in a high amount. Calcium can be used as a precursor for hydroxyapatite (HAp). Modification of HAp with SiO2 is expected to improve its low mechanical properties for biomedical applications. In this study, HAp is synthesized from the eggshell. Then, it was modified by adding SiO2 utilizing the coprecipitation method with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, respectively. The HAp and HAp/SiO2 were characterized using; X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The analysis HAp and HAp/SiO2 were density, compressive strength, and hardness. The best mechanical properties of HAp/SiO2 were characterized using SEM-EDS. The HAp were prepared successfully with a ratio of Ca/P was 1.673, close to the theoretical 1.67. The addition of SiO2 caused a decrease in crystallite size and density but increased compressive strength and hardness. The best mechanical properties of HAp/SiO2 were obtained with SiO2 of 30% and 40% with similar values.
La evaluación continuada: una aportación a como corregir algunos efectos negativos
Authors: Domingo Peña Joan , Segura Casanovas Joan , Grau Saldes Antoni
Published: November 2021

La evaluación continua supone que el estudiante debe realizar una importante cantidad de actividades que, en la mayoría de casos, se traduce en calificaciones que le orientan, junto con las observaciones realizadas por el docente, sobre el resultado de dichas actividades, a fin de encaminar al estudiante hacia el aprendizaje pretendido. En la evaluación continuada, una de las acciones posibles es permitir al estudiante recuperar las actividades no superadas, enmendado sus errores, a fin de que la calificación pase a aprobado. Así, cada estudiante acaba obteniendo a lo largo del curso una gran cantidad de calificaciones, con lo que la media obtenida será mayoritariamente de aprobado. La ley de los grandes números y el teorema del límite central apuntan, cada uno a su manera, que cuando la cantidad de calificaciones de cada estudiante es suficientemente elevada, su distribución tiende a una distribución normal. Por ello, la evaluación continuada ha sufrido algunas observaciones negativas en relación a que no discrimina suficientemente a los estudiantes a partir de sus calificaciones finales y, a la vez, no permite que los estudiantes más brillantes obtengan calificaciones excelentes. En este articulo, se prueba que, efectivamente, la distribución de calificaciones en un sistema de evaluación continuada sigue aproximadamente una distribución normal, y se establece un mecanismo de corrección basado en un polinomio de calificación diversificado y de una función correctora.
Developing pedagogy for plant study in art and design1
Authors: Sachdev Geetanjali
Published: November 2021

This practice-based research project involved creating and using a set of teaching resources to engage undergraduate art and design students with plants. The resources addressed learner preferences for engaging with different modes of representations and involved three types of visual encounters with plants. Students engaged with realistic representations, botanically accurate illustrations and actual plants themselves. The use of these resources drew attention to the distinction between botanical and artistic understandings of plants and highlighted the relevance of considering multiple modes of engagements while designing pedagogical initiatives to study plants through art and design.
Brevity and unity in Small Deaths
Authors: Dariva Bruno Amaral
Published: November 2021

Short fiction films generally present brief and concise stories focused on a single character or dramatic moment. Following an episodic structure, Lynne Ramsay’s Small Deaths introduces a series of events from a young girl’s life. The film compresses the passing of time from childhood to early adult life into three delimited and crucial moments. Focusing on Lynne Ramsay’s fragmented storytelling, this article discusses the relations of brevity and unity with the segmented narrative of the film, ultimately emphasizing the role of repetition as a unifying factor.
Factores personales y escolares subyacentes a la conducta autodeterminada de niños y adolescentes con discapacidad intelectual: revisión de la literatura
Authors: Blázquez Arribas Leticia , Calvo Álvarez María Isabel , Orgaz Baz María Begoña
Published: November 2021

La autodeterminación es una característica disposicional que se pone de manifiesto cuando la persona tiene cierto control sobre su propia vida. Se adquiere a lo largo de la vida en interacción con el entorno, de ahí la importancia de evaluar los factores contextuales que pueden influir en ella. El objetivo general de este trabajo es conocer las publicaciones de los últimos años que han investigado los factores contextuales que pueden influir en la autodeterminación de jóvenes estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual. Se analizan diecinueve artículos y dos tesis doctorales publicados durante el periodo 2015-2020. Todos ellos utilizan una metodología cuantitativa, excepto dos trabajos que utilizan una metodología cualitativa. Los estudios señalan resultados dispares respecto a las variables personales, como el género, la edad o el CI de los participantes. Respecto a las variables escolares, se consideran las diferencias entre la educación ordinaria y la educación especial; sin embargo, los apoyos educativos adquieren mayor significación en la promoción de la autodeterminación. En definitiva, las estrategias utilizadas en el aula y los apoyos individualizados influyen en la autodeterminación de este colectivo.
SOCIAL SECURITY IN REGIONAL SOCIETIES OF THE RUSSIAN BORDERLAND: INDIVIDUAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS
Authors: Omelchenko Daria A. , Maximova Svetlana G. , Noyanzina Oksana E.
Published: November 2021

Social security in Russian regions is determined by a complex of global and all-Russian threats and unique local dangers and risks arising from the peculiarities of geographic, social, economic and socio-cultural development, historically developed features of social interactions of members of the regional community. Border regions as buffer zones between economic, political and cultural boundaries, have their own characteristics relevant to examine in the context of modernization of the Russian society, and needed to develop a differentiated approach in the regulation of regional development. Based on the results of a complex scientific research, including psychosemantic experiments and sociological surveys in six border regions of Russia, the authors analyze the peculiarities of perception of actual risks and threats and their main dimensions, evaluate security conditions, present models of individual and institutional factors of social security, among which the key the role is played by socio-demographic factors, the level of material well-being and human capital, as well as generalized and institutional social trust. The authors conclude that there is a close relationship between the level of social security and social differentiation of the regional society, uneven distribution of risks and threats, and significant differences in the possession of resources (material and non-material) to overcome them both at the individual and regional levels. The unsatisfactory situation with the provision of social security in a broad sense leads to an increase in the dissatisfaction of the population and contributes to the "pushing" of the most active part of it from the regional spaces.
A vállalati compliance értékelése
Authors: Benedek Petra
Published: November 2021

A befektetők, szabályozó hatóságok, a közvélemény és egyéb külső érdekelt feleknek az átlátható működéshez kapcsolódó igényeire, elvárásaira adott újszerű válasz a compliance menedzsment, melynek célja a szabálytalan működésből eredő kockázatok csökkentése. Az írás központi kérdése, hogy miként értékelhető a compliance menedzsment tervezése, megvalósítása, mi tekinthető elért eredménynek, és a megfelelés fejlesztése hogyan járul hozzá a vállalatok gazdasági hatékonyságához. A compliance menedzsment definícióját követően az FSGO-iránymutatások, a SOX-törvény és a COSO-keretrendszer rövid ismertetése is olvasható. A vállalati önszabályozás három szakaszát lehet elkülöníteni, ezek mentén a compliance értékelés fókuszában a tervezési hatékonyság, a működési hatékonyság és az eredmények mérése áll.
Projektek sikere
Authors: Sebestyén Zoltán , Tóth Tamás
Published: November 2021

A projektek sikerét a szakmában tevékenykedő menedzserek túlnyomó többsége jellemzően a hagyományos, évtizedek óta szinte iparági normaként tekintett jellemzők mentén határozza meg. A sikert kutató folyóiratcikkekben azonban megjelent a költség-idő-minőség hármasától való elszakadási törekvés. A siker kérdése eddig nem vizsgált területekre is kiterjedt, sokrétűbbé vált: új tényezők és kritériumok jelentek meg, amelyek különböző módon kiegészítették az eredeti elképzeléseket, esetleg önállóan is átvették a sikert meghatározó szerepet. A cikkben a szerzők áttekintik a releváns szakirodalomban megfogalmazott alapelveket, eredményeket, próbálkozásokat, és saját nézőpontjukon keresztül elemzik azokat.
Using Immunohistochemistry to Expand the Spectrum of Lynch Syndrome–Related Tumors
Authors: Farha Natalie , Savage Erica , Sleiman Joseph , Burke Carol A.
Published: November 2021

The most common genetic and molecular process leading to sporadic colorectal cancer is chromosomal instability. By contrast, mismatch repair deficiency, which results in high levels of microsatellite instability or lack of mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression on immunohistochemistry (IHC), is the predominant cancer pathway in patients with Lynch syndrome (LS). Importantly, patients with LS may still develop sporadic tumors through chromosomal instability. Testing tumors with IHC staining helps expand the spectrum of LS-related tumors. In this series, we describe 4 cancers in patients with LS that are not typical of the syndrome. Lack of MMR protein expression on IHC staining confirmed that 2 cancers are related to LS, expanding the spectrum of LS-related tumors, and the presence of MMR protein expression on IHC in the other 2 cases confirmed that they were sporadic and not related to mismatch repair deficiency and, thus, not related to LS.
ACADEMIC CAREER INTERESTS IN ACCOUNTING AND DARK TRIAD: EVIDENCE OF THE BRAZILIAN STUDENTS
Authors: Frigo Souza Fabiana , França Lopes Iago , Costa Flaviano , Colauto Romualdo Douglas
Published: October 2021

Objective: The study aimed at verifying the association between Dark Triad and the interest in activities related to academic career among postgraduate accounting students.
Method: The sample consisted of 124 students from postgraduate programs in the Accounting Sciences in Brazil. Data were collected through a survey and submitted to multivariate analysis.
Results: The results show that narcissism and psychopathy are related to activities inherent to the academic career, while Machiavellian traits do not exhibit the same association. The lack of correlation between Machiavellianism and academic career activities may be related to the desired academic career profile. Students with narcissistic traits are adept at academic career activities mainly related to research and teaching. Psychopathic traits were not adept at activities related to teaching and extension (service to the external community), which may be related to the lack of empathy, lack of concern related to compliance with rules and insensitivity.  
Contributions: The study contributes to the gap in accounting research that discusses non-pathological personality traits and career interests, since previous research has demanded attention in view of the objective and subjective issues inherent to the career and, at times, marginalize the relevant activities career choice. In addition, such discussions are presented as an advisory material for HEIs in terms of outlining the performance and interest of future teachers regarding the activities inherent to the academic career.
PERCEPÇÃO DE RISCO VERSUS PERIGO REAL: UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE RESÍDUOS DOS SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Dos Santos Ezequiel Vieira , Farias Luciana Aparecida , Candiani Giovano
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a percepção de risco de trabalhadores que realizavam o manuseio de Resíduos dos Serviços de Saúde (RSS) de uma unidade hospitalar na região metropolitana de São Paulo. Buscando responder as seguintes questões de investigação: 1) seria a falta de conhecimento em relação ao perigo que os RSS apresentam a responsável pela menor percepção de risco, assim favorecendo a ocorrência de acidentes? e 2) ou por outro lado, seria a estrutura organizacional de controle e descarte deste material a responsável pela imprudência e a destinação incorreta? Esta pesquisa teve caráter qualitativo, na forma de um estudo de caso, sendo que foi utilizado um questionário estruturado e a observação participante como estratégia para coleta de dados. A pesquisa foi submetida ao Comitê de Ética (CAAE 05572818.0.0000.5505/parecer n. 3318.211). Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que a variável conhecimento teve menor impacto na percepção de risco e o que mais expunha os trabalhadores ao perigo era a infraestrutura. Portanto, concluiu-se que mesmo os trabalhadores tendo uma percepção de risco relativamente próxima ao perigo real, estes estavam sujeitos a acidentes e contaminações devido à infraestrutura disponibilizada pela organização.
Multi-objective Optimization of UV Spot Curing Technique of Slider - Suspension Attachment Process Using Response Surface Methodology Approach
Authors: Pumkrachang Santi
Published: November 2021

The ultraviolet (UV) curing of slider-suspension attachment is going to change from a manual to an automated process. As a result, the bonding parameters of adhesive between slider and suspension needs to be optimized. This paper aims to study two output responses of the UV curable epoxy adhesive i.e., shear strength force and pitch static attitude (PSA) of the joint between slider and suspension in a head gimbal assembly (HGA). Four process parameters were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM) based on face-centered central composite design (FCCD). The RSM was applied to establish a mathematical model to correlate the significance of process parameters and the responses. Then the based multi-objective was applied to determine a quadratic model and obtained the output maximization at 224 g of shear strength force and PSA value close to the target at 1.8 degrees. The input process parameters were optimized at 0.7 s of UV bottom cure time, 120 °C of UV dual side temperature, 5.0 s of UV dual side cure time, and 230 μm of adhesive dot size. The validation experiment showed a prediction response error of less than 7% of the actual value.
Scholars and Literati in European Academia before 1800
Authors: De la Croix David
Published: November 2021

This note is a progress report on the establishment of a relational database of scholars and literati active in European Academia from the inception of the rst universities to the dawn of the Industrial Revolution. This database is a necessary tool to quantify the role of academia in the "Rise of the West", using the methods of economics and statistics.
Web based Smart White Canes for Blind or Visually Impaired People on Wetland Areas
Authors: Yuwono Imam , Mirnawati Mirnawati , Yasin Mohd Hanafi Mohd , Suherman Yuyus , Wibowo Sapto , Hassan Zainudin
Published: November 2021

The presence of a white cane considerably aids blind and/or visually impaired people in Orientation and Mobility (OM). Their white cane was insufficient to meet all of their demands, such as marking puddles or marsh areas that would be traversed. As a result, the goal of this study is to construct white canes to aid blind and/or visually impaired people's orientation and mobility in wetland environments. This study used Research and Development model with a 4D design, which included processes such as defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. The participants were blind and/or visually impaired people living on wetland areas in South Kalimantan. Interviews, action tests, questionnaires and observations were used to collect data. To test the effectiveness and practicality of developing white canes, they were analyzed using descriptive statistics. This research resulted in a produced stick with an auditory capability that could detect impediments such as potholes, puddles, and fires while moving around and determine the location point using the Global Positioning System. The study findings revealed that the smart white cane created has an effectiveness of 82 percent when used with very effective criteria; however, the practicality is around 70% in practical criteria. In conclusion, the development of white canes can help blind and/or visually impaired people in mobility on wetland areas especially web based design.
A Novel Hybrid IWD Algorithm with Extreme Learning Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Inference System based Follicle Identification for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Ultrasound Images
Authors: N.S. Nilofer , R. Dr. Ramkumar
Published: November 2021

The ovary's production of many follicles produces PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) is a condition that affects women. This article developed an automated diagnostic approach for detecting follicles in the ovary utilizing ultrasound (US) images during infertility treatment. This approach includes procedures including pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction, and classification. Weiner filter is utilized for eliminating salt and pepper noise, expectation and maximization technique is applied for segmenting follicles, texture-based and statistical features are extracted, and at last, the ovary is classified as normal and abnormal utilizing Hybrid Intelligent Water Drop (IWD) with Extreme learning adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (HIWD-ELANFIS) approach. Then, the severity of the disorder is identified as severe, moderate or normal by applying this new method on US images of ovaries. To determine the efficiency of this strategy, the findings are contrasted with those of other conventional methods.
A Telemedicine based on EEG Signal Compression and Transmission
Authors: Mahmood Sawsan D. , Hutaihit Maha A. , Abdulrazaq Tamara A. , Abdulbaqi Azmi Shawkat , Tawfeeq Nada Nasih
Published: November 2021

As a result of RLE and DWT, an effective technique for compressing and transmitting EEG signals was developed in this study. With low percent root-mean-square difference (PRD) values, this algorithm's compression ratio (CR) is high. The life database had 50 EEG patient records. In clinical and research contexts, EEG signals are often recorded at sample rates between 250 and 2000 Hz. New EEG data-collection devices, on the other hand, may record at sampling rates exceeding 20,000 Hz. Time domain (TD) and frequency domain (FD) analysis of EEG data utilizing DWT retains the essential and major features of EEG signals. The thresholding and quantization of EEG signal coefficients are the next steps in implementing this suggested technique, followed by encoding the signals utilizing RLE, which improves CR substantially. A stable method for compressing EEG signals and transmission based on DWT (discrete wavelet transform) and RLE (run length encoding) is presented in this paper in order to improve and increase the compression of the EEG signals. According to the proposed model, CR, PRD, PRDN (normalized percentage root mean square difference), QS (quality score), and SNR (signal to noise ratio) are averaged over 50 records of EEG data and range from 44.0% to 0.36 percent to 5.87 percent to 143 percent to 3.53 percent to 59 percent, respectively.
Entrepreneurial Universities as a Modern Development Stage of the University 3.0 Concept
Authors: Utanova Umida Agzamkhodjaevna , Rajabov Khabibullo Ibodullaevich , Inoyatov Kutlugjon Khamdamovich , Marufbaev Bakhtiyor Sherbekovich
Published: November 2021

The article analyzes the formation of the entrepreneurial potential of students through the gradual introduction of the concept “University 3.0”, which provides for an inextricable link between the commercialization of the results of education, science, innovation and research in the field of higher education.
THE EUROPEAN UNION DISTINCTIVENESS: A CONCEPT OF THE RULE OF LAW
Authors: Mahmutovic Adnan , Lita Helza Nova
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses the distinctiveness of the European Union with focus on the Rule of Law and its importance for the EU integration process. Rule of Law is a notion that is very frequently used, but at the same time quite controversial as it is not so easy always to reach generally accepted meaning. Therefore, this paper provides a analysis of the EU Rule of Law  as multidimensional legal principle gravitating between values and principles. The paper acknowledges that a concept of the EU rule of law can be the subject of diverse interpretations and implementation. High-ranking government officials of a two EU member states, Poland and Hungary, have argued recently that a concept of the EU rule of law lacks well-defined rules and remains the subject of much debate. Therefore, the paper provides for better understanding of the concept itself within the specific supranational legal environment. Also, the paper argues that the future of the EU and its integrations depends largely on the respect of the rule of law that remains to be a core and the element of unity within Europe’s legal space. The relationship between the principles and values upon which the EU is founded remain close and interrelated. The EU Rule of law with all its distinctiveness can be concluded with certainty that it reflects a specific character and nature of the EU legal system.
INCONSISTENCIES IN ICSID AWARDS ON DISPUTES RELATED TO MFN AND UMBRELLA CLAUSE
Authors: Herliana Herliana
Published: October 2021

Investment arbitration has been acclaimed as an important part of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) movement around the globe because it provides a neutral and trustable forum for settling investment dispute. However, many argue that investment arbitration often becomes advocates of foreign investors and neglect the developing country’s interests as the host of investment. This paper aims at studying the investment arbitration awards rendered by International Center for Settlement of Investment Dispute (ICSID) tribunals launched against developing countries. The question is whether and to what extent those awards have equally observed the interests of foreign investors and host states of investments. To answer the questions, this paper employs case study method and use publicly available ICSID cases. This research shows that some ICSID tribunals have inconsistent reasoning which led to contradictory decisions. Apparently, as some cases indicate ICSID tribunals gave more weight to the need to protect foreign investors rather than host countries’ development interests. As a consequence, inconsistency and ambiguity have led to uncertainty and unpredictability of the forum. This is not only disadvantaged the parties due to inability to foresee the likely outcome of the disputes but also endanger the ICSID tribunals’ credibility as neutral and reliable forum.
TRANSPARENCY INFORMED CONSENT RELATED TO PATIENT DISHONESTY AMID COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN INDONESIA: IN LAW PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Herawati Tiwuk , Wiryani Fifik , Nasser M. , Najih Mokhammad
Published: October 2021

To break the chain of transmission of covid-19 outbreak, the public is expected to be honest in explaining chronological physical contact when treating to health facilities, especially if the patient experiences symptoms of covid-19. Honesty of patients indicated by COVID-19 is very important so that the chain of transmission of covid-19 does not expand and facilitate health workers in data collection. Denial, lies, even like the refusal of covid-19 corpses if it continues to be left, does not mean the countermeasures of covid-19 are increasingly stretched. This article tries to review the transparency of informed consent in relation to patient dishonesty, where transparent communication is expected by the patient to be honest and not to cover the perceived symptoms or various things related to covid-19. This research is normative juridical research. In normative legal research, library material is the basic data that in research science is classified as secondary data.
MARRIAGE UNDER AGE AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE RATE OF DIVORCE IN ROKAN HILIR DISTRICT
Authors: Hanifah Mardalena
Published: October 2021

Article 1 of Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, marriage is an outer and inner bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife to form an eternal and happy family based on the One Godhead. One. In general, no one wants their marriage to end in divorce, different environments make the marriage untenable. The problem is the factors that cause underage marriage. The research method is sociological juridical with descriptive research nature. This study deals with family law. Based on the results of the research conducted, the factors causing underage marriage are a moral factor because married by accident, economic factors because their parents had arranged an arranged marriage with the following percentages, 40% experienced underage marriages because they were not mentally and religiously prepared, 30% Divorce occurs because they do not have a permanent job, and another 30% are due to arranged marriages and forced marriages.
Strength and abrasion performance of recycled aggregate based geopolymer concrete
Authors: LAKEW Asfaw Mekonnen , AL-MASHHADANI Mukhallad M. , CANPOLAT Orhan
Published: November 2021

This experimental work evaluated geopolymer concrete containing fly ash and slag by partial replacement of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) with recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) to manufacture environmental-friendly concrete. The proportion of recycled aggregates considered consists of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of the total coarse aggregate amount. Also, a steel fiber ratio of 0.3% was utilized. The mechanical properties and abrasion resistance of fly ash/slag-based geopolymer concrete were then assessed. Majorly, the mechanical strength of the concrete samples decreased by the increase of RCA content. The geopolymer concrete with 40% RCA gave 28.3% lesser compressive strength and 24% lower splitting tensile strength than NCA concrete at one year. Also, the flexural strength of concrete specimens was reduced by 35% (from 5.34MPa to 3.5MPa) with the incorporation of 40% RCA. The incorporation of 30% RCA caused 23% and 22.6% reduction in compressive strength at 56 days and one year, respectively. The flexural and splitting tensile strength of the specimens was not significantly reduced (less than 10%) with the inclusion of a recycled coarse aggregate ratio of up to 30%. Furthermore, the abrasion wear thickness of every concrete sample was less than 1mm. RCA inclusion of 20% produced either insignificant reduction or better strength results compared to reference mixtures. As a result, it was considered that the combination of 0.3% steel fiber and 20% recycled coarse aggregate in fly ash/slag-based geopolymer concrete leads to an eco-friendly concrete mix with acceptable short and long-term engineering properties that would lead to sustainability in concrete production and utilization sector.
Variation and change in idiolects: Tracing a lexical substitution inside a psychiatric hospital around 1900
Authors: Schiegg Markus
Published: November 2021

This paper presents a case study on the lexical substitution of Wärter (‘guard’) by Pfleger (‘nurse’) in records from a southern German psychiatric hospital around 1900. Its goal is to shed light on language variation and change from the perspective of idiolects. Therefore, I analyse how this change, implemented by official documents in 1876, spreads ‘from above’ into the written language of 108 patients and 10 family members. The results show a quick implementation of the new variant, comprising its semantic generalization and the near-complete replacement of the older variant. This process can sometimes be observed in individual lifespan changes, while other writers continue using Wärter in idiosyncratic ways. Finally, a comparison with two more general corpora (DWDS and Google Books) shows that this lexical change appears delayed and less consistent outside the hospital context.
Causal inference under over-simplified longitudinal causal models
Authors: Étiévant Lola , Viallon Vivian
Published: November 2021

Many causal models of interest in epidemiology involve longitudinal exposures, confounders and mediators. However, repeated measurements are not always available or used in practice, leading analysts to overlook the time-varying nature of exposures and work under over-simplified causal models. Our objective is to assess whether – and how – causal effects identified under such misspecified causal models relates to true causal effects of interest. We derive sufficient conditions ensuring that the quantities estimated in practice under over-simplified causal models can be expressed as weighted averages of longitudinal causal effects of interest. Unsurprisingly, these sufficient conditions are very restrictive, and our results state that the quantities estimated in practice should be interpreted with caution in general, as they usually do not relate to any longitudinal causal effect of interest. Our simulations further illustrate that the bias between the quantities estimated in practice and the weighted averages of longitudinal causal effects of interest can be substantial. Overall, our results confirm the need for repeated measurements to conduct proper analyses and/or the development of sensitivity analyses when they are not available.
Design of a low cost and power efficient 200/400 Gbps optical interconnect using DAC-less simplified PAM4 architecture
Authors: Chowdhury Bilas , Atieh Ahmad , Eyceyurt Engin , Murshid Syed
Published: November 2021

Incoherent addition of three monochromatic laser sources is used to create four distinctive power levels to match the profile of standard quaternary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4). The proposed PAM4 signal generation results in a lower symbol error rate as compared to standard PAM4 systems. This design improves the signal-to-noise ratio as compared to existing PAM4 schemes and can reduce the cost and power consumption of existing 200 G or higher optical transceivers.
Three Roles of Empirical Information in Philosophy: Intuitions on Mathematics do Not Come for Free
Authors: Kant Deborah , Pérez-Escobar José Antonio , Sarikaya Deniz
Published: November 2021

This work gives a new argument for ‘Empirical Philosophy of Mathematical Practice’. It analyses different modalities on how empirical information can influence philosophical endeavours. We evoke the classical dichotomy between “armchair” philosophy and empirical/experimental philosophy, and claim that the latter should in turn be subdivided in three distinct styles:Apostate speculator,Informed analyst, andFreeway explorer. This is a shift of focus from the source of the information towards its use by philosophers. We present several examples from philosophy of mind/science and ethics on one side and a case study from philosophy of mathematics on the other. We argue that empirically informed philosophy of mathematics is different from the rest in a way that encourages aFreeway explorerapproach, because intuitions about mathematical objects are often unavailable for non-mathematicians (since they are sometimes hard to grasp even for mathematicians). This consideration is supported by a case study in set theory.
Proteoglycan-depleted regions of annular injury promote nerve ingrowth in a rabbit disc degeneration model
Authors: Xin Long , Xu Weixin , Wang Jian , Yu Fang , Fan Shunwu , Xu Xinwei , Yang Yang
Published: November 2021

Background

To assess the effects of proteoglycan-depleted regions of annular disruptions on nerve ingrowth in the injury site in vivo.

Methods

New Zealand white rabbits (n = 18) received annular injuries at L3/4, L4/5, and L5/6. The experimental discs were randomly assigned to four groups: (a) an annular defect was created; (b) an annular defect implanted with a poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)/fibrin/PBS plug; (c) an annular defect implanted with a PLGA/fibrin/chondroitinase ABC (chABC) plug; and (d) an uninjured L2/3 disc (control). Disc degeneration was evaluated by radiography, MRI, histology, and analysis of the proteoglycan (PG) content. Immunohistochemical detection of nerve fibers and chondroitin sulfate (CS) was performed.

Results

The injured discs produced progressive and reliable disc degeneration. In the defective discs, the lamellated appearance of AF (Annulus fibrosus) was replaced by extensive fibrocartilaginous-like tissue formation outside the injured sites. In contrast, newly formed tissue was distributed along small fissures, and small blood vessels appeared in the outer part of the disrupted area in the PLGA/fibrin/PBS discs. More sprouting nerve fibers grew further into the depleted annulus regions in the PLGA/fibrin/chABC discs than in the control discs and those receiving PLGA/fibrin/PBS. In addition, the innervation scores of the PLGA/fibrin/chABC discs were significantly increased compared with those of the PLGA/fibrin/PBS discs and defected discs.

Conclusion

ChABC-based PLGA/fibrin gel showed promising results by achieving biointegration with native annulus tissue and providing a local source for the sustained release of active chABC. Disc-derived PG-mediated inhibition of nerve and blood vessel ingrowth was abrogated by chABC enzymatic deglycosylation in an annular-injured rabbit disc degeneration model.
Co-Constructing Digital Archiving Practices for Community Heritage Preservation in Egypt and Iraq
Authors: Baker James , Shahab Sofya , Tadros Mariz
Published: November 2021

We document cultural heritage to preserve cultural heritage, to ensure its survival by pushing back against the entropic forces of forgetting and neglect. These entropic forces are particularly acute for intangible cultural heritage preserved in digital form and produced in fragile and conflict-affected settings. And whilst professionals from across the “memory” professions have responded to these challenges, based on our experience of development work with young people in Egypt and Iraq, they have done so in ways that are ill-suited to the worldviews, cultural practices, educational experience and learning models of those outside centres of archival power. This paper describes the delivery of “digital archiving” workshops, training, support and resources developed by an interdisciplinary and multi-sectoral collective of academics, practitioners, community leaders and community participants. Working at the intersection of development studies, heritage management and digital preservation, this paper argues that cultural heritage practices are enriched by foregrounding particular place-based and contingent activities that productively peel back the provincialism of the canons of enlightenment memory work.