bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Echocardiographic-Fluoroscopic Fusion Imaging Improves Interventionalists´ Learning Curve for Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure
Authors: Kanschik Dominika Anna , Heidari Houtan , Klein Kathrin , Polzin Amin , Veulemans Verena , Leick Jürgen , Kelm Malte , Jung Christian , Zeus Tobias , Afzal Shazia Samreen
Published: September 2023

Due to the complex and variable anatomy of the left atrial appendage, percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) can be challenging. In this study, we investigated the impact of fusion imaging (FI) on the LAAC learning curve of 2 interventionalists. The first interventionalist (IC 1) was initially trained without FI and continued his training with FI. The second interventionalist (IC 2) performed all procedures with FI. We compared the first 36 procedures without FI of IC 1 (group 1) with his next 36 interventions with FI (group 2). Furthermore, group 1 was compared to 36 procedures of IC 2 who directly started his training with FI (group 3). Group 1 demonstrated that the learning curve without FI has a flat course with weak correlations for fluoroscopy time, contrast volume, and procedure time, but not for dose area product. Group 2 with FI showed improvement with a steep course and strong correlations for all 4 parameters. In group 3 we also saw a steep progression with strong correlations. Furthermore, the mean measurements of the procedural parameters in the groups with FI decreased significantly as indicator for procedural efficacy. We demonstrated that FI may improve the learning curve of experienced and non-experienced ICs.
Impact of Inflammation on the In Vivo Activity of the Renal Transporters OAT1/3 in Pregnant Women Diagnosed with Acute Pyelonephritis
Authors: Benzi Jhohann Richard de Lima , Melli Patrícia Pereira dos Santos , Duarte Geraldo , Unadkat Jashvant D. , Lanchote Vera Lucia
Published: September 2023

Inflammation can regulate hepatic drug metabolism enzymes and transporters. The impact of inflammation on renal drug transporters remains to be elucidated. We aimed to quantify the effect of inflammation (caused by acute pyelonephritis) on the in vivo activity of renal OAT1/3, using the probe drug furosemide. Pregnant women (2nd or 3rd trimester) received a single oral dose of furosemide 40 mg during acute pyelonephritis (Phase 1; n = 7) and after its resolution (Phase 2; n = 7; by treatment with intravenous cefuroxime 750 mg TID for 3-7 days), separated by 10 to 14 days. IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, and C-reactive protein plasma concentrations were higher in Phase I vs Phase II. The pregnant women had a lower geometric mean [CV%] furosemide CLsecretion (3.9 [43.4] vs 6.7 [43.8] L/h) and formation clearance to the glucuronide (1.1 [85.9] vs 2.3 [64.1] L/h) in Phase 1 vs. Phase 2. Inflammation reduced the in vivo activity of renal OAT1/3 (mediating furosemide CLsecretion) and UGT1A9/1A1 (mediating the formation of furosemide glucuronide) by approximately 40% and 54%, respectively, presumably by elevating plasma cytokine concentrations. The dosing regimens of narrow therapeutic window OAT drug substrates may need to be adjusted during inflammatory conditions.
Hierarchical Episodic Control
Authors: Zhou Rong , Zhang Zhisheng , Wang Yuan
Published: September 2023

Deep reinforcement learning is one of the research hotspots in artificial intelligence and has been successfully applied in many research areas, however, the low training efficiency and high demand for samples are problems that limit the application To address these problems, a hierarchical episodic control model extending episodic memory to the domain of hierarchical reinforcement learning is proposed in this paper. The model is theoretically justified and employs a hierarchical implicit memory planning approach for counterfactual trajectory value estimation. Starting from the final step and recursively moving back along the trajectory, a hidden plan is formed within the episodic memory. Experience is aggregated both along trajectories and across trajectories, and the model is updated using a multi-headed backpropagation similar to bootstrapped neural networks. This model extends the parameterized episodic memory framework to the realm of hierarchical reinforcement learning and is theoretically analyzed to demonstrate its convergence and effectiveness. Experiments conducted in Four Room, Mujoco, and UE4-based active tracking , highlight that the hierarchical episodic control model effectively enhances training efficiency. It demonstrates notable improvements in both low-dimensional and high-dimensional environments, even in cases of sparse rewards.
Sleep Disordered Breathing in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An In-depth Review of Correlations and Complexities
Authors: Zaffanello Marco , Piacentini Giorgio , Nosetti Luana , Zoccante Leonardo
Published: September 2023

Sleep-disordered breathing is a significant problem affecting the pediatric population. These conditions can affect sleep quality and significantly affect children's overall health and well-being. Difficulties in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behavioral patterns characterize autism spectrum disorder. Sleep disturbances are common in children with ASD. This literature review aims to gather and analyze available studies on the relationship between SDB and children with autism spectrum disorder. We comprehensively searched the literature using major search engines (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). After removing duplicates, we extracted a total of 96 records. We selected 19 studies for inclusion after a thorough title and abstract screening process. A total of 7 articles were ultimately included. This review has analyzed the relationship between autism spectrum disorder and sleep-disordered breathing, particularly Obstructive Sleep Apnea, highlighting an intriguing web of complex associations. Some studies involving children have demonstrated a significant association between autism spectrum disorder and the presence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Furthermore, a heightened risk of developing sleep disturbances, including sleep-disordered breathing, has emerged in children with autism. The risk and prevalence of obesity are increasing in pediatric subjects with autism spectrum disorder. Obesity has been identified as a predictive factor for Sleep-disordered breathing, and Body Mass Index can directly correlate with Obstructive Sleep Apnea in these children. Adenotonsillectomy has proven to be pivotal in improving behavioral issues in autism spectrum disorder children with obstructive Sleep Apnea. In conclusion, this review underscores the complexity of the interplay between autism spectrum disorder and sleep-disordered breathing, emphasizing the importance of further research to understand underlying mechanisms and develop optimal therapeutic and preventative approaches to enhance sleep quality and overall health in children with autism spectrum disorder.
Cardiac Autonomic Function and Functional Capacity in Post-COVID-19 Individuals with Systemic Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Cunha Edelvita Fernanda Duarte , Silveira Matheus Sobral , Milan-Mattos Juliana Cristina , Cavalini Heitor Fernandes Silveira , Ferreira Ádrya Aryelle , Batista Joice de Souza , Uzumak Lara Cazé , Guimarães João Paulo Coelho , Roriz Pedro Igor Lustosa , Dantas Fabianne Maisa de Novaes Assis , Hautala Arto J. , De Abreu Raphael Martins , Catai Aparecida Maria , Schwingel Paulo Adriano , Neves Victor Ribeiro
Published: September 2023

Individuals diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) are considered risk groups for COVID-19 severity. This study assessed differences in cardiac autonomic function (CAF) and functional capacity (CF) in SAH individuals without COVID-19 infection compared to SAH individuals post-COVID-19. Participants comprised 40 SAH individuals aged 31 to 80 years old, grouped as SAH with COVID-19 (G1; n=21) and SAH without COVID-19 (G2; n=19). CAF was assessed via heart rate variability (HRV), measuring R-R intervals during a 10-minute supine period. Four HRV indices were analyzed through symbolic analysis: 0V%, 1V%, 2LV%, and 2UV%. FC assessment was performed by a 6-minute walk test (6MWT). G1 and G2 showed no difference between significant age, anthropometric, clinical and medication. G2 exhibited superior 6MWT performance, covering more distance (522±78 vs. 465±59 meters, p<0.05). Specifically, G2 demonstrated a moderate, positive correlation between 6MWT and the 2LV% index (r=0.58; p<0.05). Shorter walking distances were observed during 6MWT in SAH individuals post-COVID-19. However, the study did not find impaired cardiac autonomic function in SAH individuals post-COVID-19 compared to those without. This suggests that while COVID-19 impacted FC, CAF remained relatively stable in this population.
The Circular Economy Transition in Australia: Nuanced Circular Intermediary Accounts of Mainstream Green Growth Claims
Authors: Melles Gavin
Published: September 2023

Australia has recently declared its commitment to a circular economy. Policy and initiatives to date have focused on recycling and waste management and research to date has highlighted the need for more ambitious policy, clearer definitions, collaboration, and consensus on goals. There are also calls from some government and non-business sectors for more inclusive circular models, including Doughnut Economics. In a context of competing mainstream circular economy and inclusive circular society discourses, circular intermediary organizations and their representatives are key to achieving change. Compared to the green growth business narrative of policy and industry media, intermediary representatives are aware of the diversity of challenges and solutions for Australia. Based on semi-structured interviews with twenty representatives of circular intermediaries in Australia and thematic discourse analysis, this study finds circular economy, circular society and de-growth discourses informing themes about government, business, growth, consumers, society, and policy present and future. The study concludes with recommendations for a more holistic policy and practice beyond the current circularity for circularity’s sake.
Super-resolution Reconstruction of Particleboard Images Based on Improved SRGAN
Authors: Yu Wei , Zhou Haiyan , Liu Ying , Yang Yutu , Shen Yinxi
Published: September 2023

As a high-quality forestry product with excellent performance, particleboard is widely used in many fields and has great market potential. At present, it is a research difficulty to accurately identify small, fine and different shapes of defects on the whole particleboard through machine vision technology. The application of image super-resolution reconstruction technology on particleboard can improve the surface image quality of particleboard, which is conducive to the subsequent improvement of defect detection accuracy. In this study, super-resolution dense attention generative adversarial network (SRDAGAN) model was improved to solve the problem that super-resolution generative adversarial network (SRGAN) reconstructed image would produce artifacts and its performance needed to be improved. The Batch Normalization (BN) layer was removed, the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) was optimized to construct dense block, and the dense blocks were constructed by densely skip connection. Then, the corresponding 52400 image blocks with high resolution and low resolution were trained, verified and tested according to the ratio of 3:1:1. The model was comprehensively evaluated from the effect of image reconstruction and the two indexes of PSNR and SSIM. It was found that compared with BICUBIC and SRGAN, PSNR index of SRDAGAN increased by 4.88dB and 3.25dB respectively, and SSIM increased by 0.0507 and 0.1122 respectively. The reconstructed images not only had clearer texture, but also had more realistic expression of various features, and the performance of the model had been greatly improved. At the same time, this study also emphatically discussed on the image reconstruction effect with defects. The result showed that the SRDAGAN proposed in this study can complete the super-resolution reconstruction of particleboard images with high quality. In the future, it can also be further combined with defect detection for actual production to improve the quality of forestry products and increase economic benefits.
87Sr/86Sr Isotope Ratio as a Tool in Archaeological and Environmental Investigation: Limits and Risks
Authors: Rossi Mattia , Iacumin Paola , Venturelli Gianpiero
Published: September 2023

During the last forty years, the use of strontium isotopes in archaeology and biogeochemical research has spread widely. These isotopes, alone or in combination with others, can contribute to trace past and present environmental conditions. However, the interpretation of the isotopic values of strontium is not always simple and requires good knowledge of geochemistry and geology. This short paper on the use of strontium isotopes is aimed at those who use this tool (archaeologists, but not only) but who do not have a thorough knowledge of mineralogy, geology, and geochemistry necessary for a good understanding of natural processes involving these isotopes. We report basic knowledge and suggestions for a correct use of these isotopes.
The isotopic characteristics of bio-assimilable strontium depend not so much on the isotopic characteristics of the bulk rock as, rather, on that of its more soluble minerals. Before studying human, animal and plant remains, the state of conservation and any conditions of isotopic pollution should be carefully checked. Samples should be collected according to random sampling rules. The data should be treated by a statistical approach. To make comparisons between different areas, it should be borne in mind that the study of current soils can be misleading since the mineralogical modification of the soil over time can be very rapid.
Differentiation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma through MRI Radiomics
Authors: Liu Ning , Wu Yao-Kun , Tao Yun-Yun , Zheng Jing , Huang Xiao-Hua , Yang Lin , Zhang Xiao-Ming
Published: September 2023

Simple summary: The noninvasive differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains challenging. In recent years, the number of studies on the application of radiomics in liver cancer has grown dramatically. However, there have been very few studies on the differentiation of HCC from ICC based on multisequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a radiomic model based on preoperative fat suppression T2-weighted imaging (FS-T2WI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI features in the arterial phase (A) and portal venous phase (P) for the differentiation of HCC from ICC.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). The clinical and MRI data of 129 pathologically confirmed HCC cases and 48 ICC cases from April 2016 to December 2021 at the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College were retrospectively analyzed. Included cases were randomly divided at a ratio of 7:3 into a training group of 124 cases (90 HCC cases and 34 ICC cases) and a validation group of 53 cases (39 HCC cases and 14 ICC cases). Radiomic features were extracted from axial fat-suppression T2-weighted imaging (FS-T2WI) and axial arterial-phase (A) and portal-venous-phase (P) dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI sequences, and the corresponding datasets were generated. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method was used to select the best radiomic features. Logistic regression was used to establish a radiomic model for each sequence (FS-T2WI, A, and P models) and a joint model (M model) integrating the radiomic features of all the sequences. The performance of each model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The AUC of the FS-T2WI, A, P, and M models for distinguishing HCC from ICC was 0.693, 0.863, 0.818, and 0.914 in the training group and 0.690, 0.784, 0.727, and 0.802 in the validation group, respectively. The results of this study suggest that MRI-based radiomics may help noninvasively differentiate HCC from ICC. The model integrating the radiomic features of multiple sequences showed further improvement in performance.
Production and Characterization of Aluminum Reinforced with SiC Nanoparticles
Authors: Rocha Francisca , Simões Sónia
Published: September 2023

Aluminum matrix nanocomposites have been the subject of much attention due to their extraordinary mechanical properties and thermal stability. This research focuses on producing and characterizing an aluminum matrix reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) nanometric particles. The conventional powder metallurgy route was used to produce the nanocomposites, and the dispersion and mixing process was carried out by ultrasonication. The conditions of the dispersion and the volume fraction of the SiC were evaluated in the production of the nanocomposites. Microstructural characterization was carried out using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Mechanical characterization was carried out using hardness and tensile tests. The dispersion agent was investigated, and isopropanol leads to better dispersion with fewer agglomerates. Increasing the volume fraction of the reinforcement improves the hardness of the nanocomposites. However, greater agglomeration of the reinforcement is observed for larger volume fractions. The greatest increase in hardness (77% increase compared to the hardness of the Al matrix) is obtained with 1.0 vol % of SiC, corresponding to the sample with the best dispersion. The mechanical characterization through tensile tests attests to the effect of the reinforcement on the Al matrix. The main strengthening mechanisms identified were the load transfer, the texture hardening, Orowan strengthening, and the increase in the density of dislocations in the nanocomposites.
Synthesis of a Novel Polymer- Iron (ΙΙΙ) Complex and Study of Its Anticancer Properties on A375 Melanoma Cell Line
Authors: Neisi Elham , Hasanvandi Siavash
Published: September 2023

In the present study, linear novel polymer poly(1-(2-((3-amino-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)ethyl)-1'-ethyl-[4,4'-bipyridine]-1,1'-di-ium) (poly(AHAEBD)) and its complex with iron (ΙΙΙ) ([Fe(poly(AHAEBD)2].Na3) were synthesized and then their anticancer effects on A375 human malignant melanoma cells line were evaluated. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HNMR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray energy diffraction analysis (EDS) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Also, the cytotoxicity of cisplatin as a reference, on A375 melanoma cell line was tested. The IC50 of polymer-complex [Fe(poly(AHAEBD)2].Na3 (0.71 µg/mL), cisplatin (4.58 µg/mL) and poly(AHAEBD) (1.73 µg/mL) were obtained. Our results revealed that the polymer-complex [Fe(poly(AHAEBD)2].Na3 exhibited better performance compared to cisplatin. Furthermore, the coordination with iron (III) enhanced the cytotoxicity levels of poly(AHAEBD). According to these findings, the synthesized polymer-complex demonstrates remarkable potential as an anti-cancer agent. This study could provide the basis for future research focused on employing this new polymer-complex for in vivo testing, highlighting its potential for therapeutic applications.
Mesoscale Convective Systems and Extreme Precipitation on the West African Coast Linked to Ocean-Atmosphere Conditions during the Monsoon Period in the Gulf of Guinea
Authors: Djakouré Sandrine , Amouin Joël , Kouadio Kouassi Yves , Kacou Modeste
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the importance of convective systems for extreme rainfall along the northern coast of the Gulf of Guinea (GG) and their relationship with atmospheric and oceanic conditions. Convective system data (MCSs), daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and moisture flux anomalies are used from June to September 2007-2016. The results show that 2/3 of MCSs crossing Abidjan are produced in June, which is the core of the major rainy season. Likewise, 2/3 of MCSs originate from continental areas, while 1/3 comes from the ocean. Oceanic MCSs are mostly initiated close to the coast, which also corresponds to the Marine Heat Waves region. Continental MCSs are mostly initiated inland. The results also highlight the moisture flux contribution of three zones which have an impact on the onset and the sustaining of MCSs: (i) the seasonal migration of ITCZ, (ii) the GG across the northern coastline, (iii) and finally the continent. These contributions of moisture fluxes coincide with oceanic warming off the Northeast Brazil and the northern coast of the GG both two days before and the day of extreme rainfall events. The ocean contributes to moisten the atmosphere, and therefore to supply and sustain the MCSs during their lifecycle.
Electrochemical Sensors for Liquid Biopsy and Their Integration into Lab-on-Chip Platforms: Revolutionizing the Approach to Diseases
Authors: Umme Salma , Siciliano Giulia , Primiceri Elisabetta , Turco Antonio , Tarantini Iolena , Ferrara Francesco , Chiriacò Maria Serena
Published: September 2023

Screening and early diagnosis of diseases are crucial for a patient's treatment to be successful and to improve their survival rate, especially in cancer. The development of non-invasive analytical methods able to detect biomarkers of pathologies is a critical point to define a successful treat-ment and a good outcome. This study extensively reviews electrochemical methods used for the development of biosensors in liquid biopsy, owing to their ability to provide rapid response, pre-cise detection, and low detection limits. We also discuss new developments in electrochemical biosensors, which can improve the specificity and sensitivity of standard analytical procedures. Electrochemical biosensors demonstrate remarkable sensitivity in detecting minute quantities of analytes, encompassing proteins, nucleic acids, and circulating tumor cells, even within challeng-ing matrices such as urine, serum, blood, and various other body fluids. Among the various de-tection techniques used for the detection of cancer biomarkers, even in the picogram range, volt-ammetric sensors are deeply discussed in this review because of their advantages and technical characteristics. This widespread utilization stems from their ability to facilitate quantitative de-tection of ions and molecules with exceptional precision. The comparison of each electrochemical technique is discussed to provide the selection of appropriate analytical methods.
Medium Rock-Soil Temperature Distribution Characteristics in Different Time Scales and New-Type Well Layout Form in Application of Medium-Deep Borehole Heat Exchanger
Authors: Liu Jun , Zhang Yuping , Wang Zeyuan , Zhou Cong , Liu Boyang , Wang Fenghao
Published: September 2023

Medium-deep Borehole Heat exchanger (MBHE) has been widely paid attention for building heating. In order to avoid the thermal interference of adjacent MBHEs, temperature distribution characteristics of medium-deep rock-soil was investigated in this work. The evolution on maximum rock-soil thermal affected radius (MTAR) in full life cycle was further analyzed. The results showed that the rock-soil thermal affected area (RTAA) continuously expands in both radial and vertical directions during a heating season. Several factors of thermal extraction load, fluid velocity, geothermal gradient and pipe length have main impacts on the RTAA in vertical direction. Rock-soil thermal conductivity affects the RTAA in both radial and vertical directions. In non-heating season, temperature difference of rock-soil in radial direction dominates the temperature recovery in the first year while geothermal flow nearly dominates temperature recovery after 20 years. The thermal affected radius (TAR) in the 30 th year could be determined as an effective MTAR in full life cycle. In order to decrease installed distance of adjacent MBHEs, a new well layout form by deflecting borehole was proposed. The recommended deflection angle is equal to or larger than 4 times TAR angle. This work provides scientific reference for promoting application of multiple MBHE arrays.
Krüppel-like Factors Hypertrophy Modulation Following Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Damage
Authors: Santoyo-Suarez Michelle Giovanna , Garcia-Loredo Jose Andres , Mares-Montemayor Jimena D. , Garza-Ocañas Lourdes , Benitez-Chao Diego F. , Soto-Dominguez Adolfo , Estrada Rodriguez Ana E. , Camacho-Morales Alberto , Zapata-Morín Patricio Adrián , Garza-Treviño Elsa N. , Delgado-Gallegos Juan Luis , Padilla-Rivas Gerardo R. , Islas Jose Francisco
Published: September 2023

Cardiac hypertrophy typically follows myocardial damage, a process known to involve members of the Krüppel-Like Factors (KLFs) which have pro-hypertrophic and anti-hypertrophic roles. Our study delved into the molecular mechanisms underlying KLFs-cardiac hypertrophy interplay post myocardial infraction. We induced myocardial dam-age in rats using isoproterenol. Total RNA was extracted from the left ventricle and Quantitative Real Time RT-PCR was conducted to assess the expression of KLFs, cardiac commitment genes, inflammatory markers, and certain conduction-related genes. We devel-oped a computational approach to construct a proteomic network centered on KLFs. Initial results revealed early expression (2-3 days post-induction) of KLF3, KLF4 and KLF6, followed by the subsequent expression of KLF11 and KLF15 (5-8 days after induction). In the maturation stage, KLF12 and KLF13 regulators were found upregulated. IL-6 was gradually found to be upregulated through. Interaction analysis revealed KLF3, KLF8 and KLF12 interacted with cardiac electrical functions. RT-PCR confirmed up-regulation in cardiac genes linked to electrical function and scar maturation. Our findings underscore the central role of KLFs during the modulation of the cardiac hypertrophic response. Dysregulation of KLF expression resulted in damaged myocardium, participating in the progression of abnormal hypertrophy, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets for heart diseases.
The Impact of Stress from Social Isolation During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Neuropsychiatric Disorders: An Analysis from Scientific Literature
Authors: Bertollo Amanda Gollo , Braga Geórgia de Carvalho , Tonin Paula Teresinha , Luzardo Adriana Remião , Bagatini Margarete Dulce , Ignácio Zuleide Maria
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 Pandemic generated, in addition to severe symptoms, hospitalizations, and deaths worldwide, stress from the fear of the disease and social uncertainties, from restriction measures and social isolation. Stress from social isolation impacts mental health, aggravating conditions, and triggering neuropsychiatric symptoms in individuals with biopsychosocial vulnerability. During and immediately after the period of social restriction imposed by the Pandemic, the scientific community carried out several research protocols. It revealed results that relevantly demonstrate the harmful effect of the stress induced by the Pandemic situation. This review reports and discusses research results demonstrating impairments in neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, dementia, eating disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety, and depression. In addition to studies showing the effect of social isolation on disorders, research results are reported and discussed that evaluated protocols with some possible therapeutic intervention strategies during times of social restriction.
Enhancing Disaster Triage Competencies through Simulation-Based Training: An Interventional Study among Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Hamdi Amal , Thobaity Abdulellah Al
Published: September 2023

Nurses in disaster response require comprehensive understanding, training, and col-laboration among educators, researchers, and practitioners to overcome challenges and improve their capabilities. This study evaluates the impact of simulation-based training on improving nursing students' knowledge and performance in crisis management and triage during mass casualty incidents in Saudi Arabia, aiming to enhance existing pro-tocols in disaster management. This quantitative interventional pre-post study aimed to assess the impact of a training intervention on the disaster nursing skills of nursing students at Taif University in Saudi Arabia. The study involved a random sample of 101 nursing students and utilized a realistic train accident simulation with a response team comprising healthcare professionals and emergency specialists. A detailed questionnaire was used to measure emergency management skills and knowledge, and pre-test and post-test evaluations were conducted. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, and the study was conducted on a voluntary basis with necessary approvals obtained. The findings have the potential to enhance disaster management protocols and improve the preparedness of nursing professionals in Saudi Arabia. The posttest analysis revealed that a significant portion of participants achieved excellent, very good, and good levels of performance, indicating the effectiveness of the training program. In contrast, the pretest grades showed a higher percentage of participants receiving fail level grades, high-lighting the need for improvement prior to the training intervention. This study high-lights the importance of comprehensive training and education in disaster nursing for improving emergency response and patient outcomes
Effectiveness of Oral Versus Injectable Semaglutide in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Results from a Retrospective Observational Study in Croatia
Authors: Klobučar Sanja , Belančić Andrej , Bukša Iva , Morić Nikolina , Rahelić Dario
Published: September 2023

Background: The number of people with type 2 diabetes is increasing daily, and therefore effective therapy is needed to successfully regulate glycemia and reduce the risk of associated complications. Recently, an oral formulation of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) semaglutide has become available. Therefore, the aim of our study was to compare the effectiveness of the new oral formulation and the existing injectable formulation of semaglutide in terms of glycemic and body weight control in a real-world setting. Patients and methods: This was a single-center retrospective observational study conducted at the Rijeka Clinical Hospital Centre. A total of 106 patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes (HbA1 ≥ 7%) on different oral or basal insulin supported oral therapy were recruited from the diabetes outpatient clinic, and data from electronic medical records were retrospectively collected and analyzed from May 2021 to November 2022. All subjects were GLP-1 RA naive and consequently prescribed 0.5 or 1.0 mg once weekly injectable semaglutide (IS) or 7 mg or 14 mg once daily oral semaglutide (OS) for at least 6 months. Glycated hemoglo-bin (HbA1c), body weight, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed prior to semaglutide administration and after a 6-month follow-up period. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in HbA1c, and sec-ondary endpoints were the change in body weight and the proportion of participants with a reduction in body weight of ≥ 5% and ≥ 10%, respectively, 6 months after the initiation of semaglutide treatment. Results: At 6-month follow-up, no significant difference was observed between the two formulations in terms of HbA1c reduction (IS -1.1% vs OS -1.4%, p=0.126) and weight loss (IS -6.50 kg vs OS -5.90 kg, p=0.714). Exactly the same proportion of participants in both groups achieved a weight loss of ≥ 5% (56.7%, n=30). A weight loss ≥ 10% was observed in 20.7% (n=11) of participants administered IS and 15.1% (n=8) of participants adminis-tered OS, respectively (p=0.454). Conclusion: In a real-world setting, oral semaglutide as add-on therapy to ongoing antihyperglycemic treatment in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes who had not previously received GLP-1 RA demonstrated the same effectiveness as injectable semaglutide in terms of gly-cemic control and weight loss after 6 months of treatment.
Rethinking Upskilling and Reskilling in the Age of AI and Automation: A fsQCA Approach
Authors: Ekuma Kelechi
Published: September 2023

In the age of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation, understanding the factors that contribute to successful upskilling and reskilling is crucial for workforce adaptability. Research on AI and automation has shown that they affect the workforce, but there is still a gap in understanding what factors contribute to successful upskilling and reskilling initiatives, especially from an organizational perspective. This study employs fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to analyze these factors and identify effective combinations for promoting upskilling and reskilling. By examining complex causal relationships and incorporating case studies, this article aims to enhance the understanding of upskilling initiatives in the AI and automation era. The findings provide insights into key factors driving successful upskilling and reskilling and offer implications for organizations seeking to improve their initiatives, ultimately promoting workforce adaptability and competitiveness.
OPTIMIZATION OF OPERATING MODES OF POWER UNITS OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
Authors: Yefimov Olexander , Kavertsev Valery , Tiutiunyk Larysa , Harkusha Tetyana , Motovilnik Anastasiia , Sydorkin Igor
Published: September 2023

The materials of the article consider the main methodological provisions of calculations and optimization of NPP power unit equipment parameters using mathematical modeling methods. For the effective implementation of tasks related to determining the optimal parameters and structures of NPP power unit equipment using mathematical modeling and well-developed multifactor optimization methods, it is necessary to fulfill a number of requirements at their productions. Practice shows that it is impractical to optimize with the help of a single mathematical (simulation) model the entire set of parameters characterizing a given power unit, because with such a formulation, the optimization tasks are often mutually incorrect due to a significant discrepancy in the accuracy of various source information, unequal influence of parameters on the target function, specific differences in the mathematical description of various units and elements of the power unit. In order to effectively optimize the parameters of NPP power units, it is necessary to create a system of interconnected mathematical models, which include: a group of detailed mathematical models of individual units and elements of power unit equipment; more generalized mathematical models for the main equipment of power units built on their basis; complete mathematical model of power units.
THE ROLE OF SULFUR-CONTAINING AMINO ACIDS IN THE PREVENTIVE NUTRITION OF WORKERS IN CONTACT WITH CHROMIUM
Authors: Chernushenko Elena , Ahaian Tamara , Kravchenko Denis
Published: September 2023

In the world, a large number of workers are exposed to fumes, mists and dusts containing Chromium and its compounds. One of the ways to prevent chromium intoxication is the enrichment of food rations with substances that have antioxidant and complexing ability. Attention is focused on the recommendations on the use of sulfur-containing amino acids and sulfur-rich proteins in the composition of food products for the prevention of intoxication in workers who come into contact with chromium in production. The mechanism of reduction of hexavalent chromium compounds by cysteine was considered. It has been shown that the process of reduction of chromates with cysteine is accompanied by the oxidation of cysteine to cystine and subsequent complexation with trivalent chromium. The structure of chromium III cystinate was confirmed by IR and electron spectroscopy and elemental analysis. It has been established that in the formed chelate complex [Cr(SNO2C3H6)6Cr], chromium (III) has a bond with cystine through the amino and carboxyl groups, LD50 is 2100 mg/kg and is less toxic than inorganic chromium (III) salts. The article analyzes protein raw materials rich in cysteine, which can be recommended to satisfy the daily requirement of cysteine, or to reduce chromium intoxication of workers working in a work area with a high content of chromium salts.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN MENULIS KOSAKATA BAHASA INDONESIA SISWA KELAS III SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Neneng Eliana
Published: September 2023

Berdasarkan pengamatan di lapangan sejak tahun 1999 hingga saat ini, anak-anak pemakai bahasa Tamong sebagai bahasa pertama seringkali melakukan kesalahan dalam mengungkapkan pikiran, baik secara lisan maupun tulisan. Kesalahan tersebut dapat diamati pada pelafalan maupun penulisan kosakata bahasa Indonesia sejak mereka berada di jenjang pendidikan dasar hingga ke jenjang pendidikan menengah. Hal ini menyebabkan kesalahan dan atau keraguan interpretasi makna kata oleh penerima pesan yang berasal dari daerah lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan analisis kemampuan menulis kosakata bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas III Sekolah Dasar Negeri 19 Rambai Kabupaten Bengkayang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik Pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumen dan observasi. Penulis bertindak sebagai instrumen pengumpul data. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model analisis interaktif melalui tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas III tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Jumlah siswa sebanyak 33 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tulisan siswa kelas III ditinjau dari posisi dan jumlah huruf konsonan dalam satu kata mengalami variasi perubahan dari c menjadi s, s menjadi c, r menjadi l, dan l menjadi r. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan menulis kosakata bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas III Sekolah Dasar Negeri 19 Rambai Kabupaten Bengkayang mengalami perubahan variasi huruf konsonan disebabkan oleh pengaruh kebiasaan pemakaian bahasa daerah Tamong yang tidak mengenal fonem /c/ dan /r/, serta ketidakpahaman siswa terhadap ejaan dan atau makna kosakata bahasa Indonesia.
PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA GURU MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Mustolihudin  , Sita Husnul Khotimah
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of work discipline and organizational commitment on the performance of teachers at MI Mumtaza Islamic School Pondok Cabe, South Tangerang, either individually or collectively. This study used a survey method with a quantitative approach. The study population was all teachers of MI Mumtaza Islamic School Tangerang Selatan, totaling 115, with a sample of 45 teachers. Data were collected using a questionnaire on work discipline, organizational commitment and teacher performance. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while hypothesis testing used multiple linear regression tests. The results of the study: 1) There is an influence between work discipline on teacher performance with a correlation coefficient value of 0.783, this shows that work discipline affects teacher performance by 61% with a strong category, 2) There is an influence between organizational commitment on teacher performance and the coefficient value. The correlation is 0.487, this shows that organizational commitment affects teacher performance by 24% with a low category, 3) There is an influence between work discipline and organizational commitment simultaneously on teacher performance as indicated by the correlation coefficient value of 0.728. This shows that together work discipline and organizational commitment have an effect of 53% on teacher performance in the medium category.
β-risk in proficiency testing in relation to the number of participants
Authors: Hollebecq Louis-Jean
Published: September 2023

The Monte Carlo method was used to investigate the capacity of PT schemes to detect laboratories which biases are out of control. Probabilities that the computed z values are over 3 while the true value is less than 2 and that the computed z values are less than 2 while the true values are over 3 are computed for a series of situations: number of participants from 5 to 30, various ratios of repeatability over reproducibility and number of test results per participant, introduction or not of outliers with k from 3.5 to 10. For each situation, the probabilities of not detecting true outliers and to trigger false alerts are discussed. Guidance and keys are proposed to check and improve the efficiency of real PT programs.
Problems of software processing of acquired rotor intended for determining required dimensions
Authors: Turinski Dražen , Svalina Ilija , Lujić Roberto , Šarić Tomislav , Šimunović Goran , Havrlišan Sara
Published: September 2023

Some of the problems that arise during image processing are analysed in this paper. The most commonly used software tools in image processing require binary photography, and its conversion into the binary form is required first. Conversion problems, and their proper solution, are key steps for further machine determination of product dimensions. Removing smudges on binary photos and rotating displays for photo overlap methods are the problems that are solved in the present work, in order to successfully prepare the photo with software for further determination of product dimensions. The knowledge gained in this paper will help scientists and facilitate their software preparation and processing of the photo used to determine the required dimensions of the product.
A novel traceability route to the SI in roughness measurements at IPQ
Authors: Saraiva Fernanda , Neves Pedro , Pires Carlos , Sousa João A.
Published: September 2023

A new traceability methodology for roughness stylus calibration is being developed in the National Metrology Laboratory of the Portuguese Institute for Quality (IPQ) using a high-precision displacement transducer. The calibration and dissemination of roughness standards measurements is one of the activities of IPQ. A stylus instrument is used to acquire the height values of the scanned points on the surface of the roughness standard. Defined according to ISO standards, namely the ISO 21920-2:2021, the integrated software calculates the roughness parameters that quantify the surface. A set of roughness parameters, measured after stylus calibration with different standards artefacts, as defined in ISO 5436-1:2000 has been evaluated. The need for the development of a new route for the metrological traceability in roughness, with faster calibration and better accuracy was also analyzed. The use of a displacement transducer, as reference, was the studied solution.
Decoding the Signals: An Analysis of Preference Signaling in the 2023 Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Match
Authors: Deckey David G. , Lin Eugenia , Gerhart Coltin R.B. , Brinkman Joseph C. , Patel Karan A. , Bingham Joshua S.
Published: September 2023

Background:

While previously used in other specialties, the preference signaling program (PSP) was implemented in the 2022 to 2023 orthopaedic surgery residency application process for the first time. The PSP allowed for 30 signaling tokens to be sent by applicants to programs of their choice to indicate particular interest in a program. It remains unknown how the PSP affects applicants and programs in the orthopaedic surgery residency match. Thus, this study's purpose was to assess the utility of preference signaling within the orthopaedic surgery residency application process in its inaugural year of use.

Methods:

An anonymous electronic survey was emailed to all orthopaedic surgery residency applicants who applied to the authors' institution during the 2022 to 2023 application cycle. The survey was sent after match lists were submitted and closed before the release of match results. The survey collected information regarding applicant demographics, preference signaling habits, and attitude toward preference signaling.

Results:

The survey was completed by 101 applicants. Applicants applied to a mean of 90 programs (range: 10-197) and received an average of 12 interview invitations (range: 0-39). Applicants almost uniformly used all 30 signals, with nearly two-thirds signaling their home programs (65%, 49/76), and nearly all applicants sending signals to programs at which they performed away rotations (95.7%, 88/92). Applicants received a mean of 9 invitations from programs they signaled, compared with 2 invitations from programs they did not signal. Applicants were significantly more likely to receive an interview invite at a program they signaled than one they did not (p < 0.01). Overall, 57% of applicants (57/101) found the PSP to be helpful, whereas 28% (28/101) found it to be unhelpful, and 16% (16/101) had a neutral opinion.

Conclusions:

This study reports that the PSP in the 2022 to 2023 orthopaedic surgery match was an effective method of expressing interest in a program because applicants were significantly more likely to receive interview invites to signaled programs. More than half of respondents felt PSP to be helpful; however, the effect on application numbers is still unclear.

Level of Evidence:

III
Aberrant encoding of event saliency in the orbitofrontal cortex following loss of the psychiatric-associated circular RNA, circHomer1
Authors: Zimmerman Amber , Weick Jason , Papageorgiou Grigorios , Mellios Nikolaos , Brigman Jonathan
Published: September 2023

CircHomer1 is an activity-dependent circular RNA (circRNA) isoform produced from back-splicing of the Homer1 transcript. Homer1isoforms are well-known regulators of homeostatic synaptic plasticity through post-synaptic density scaffold regulation. Homer1polymorphisms have been associated with psychiatric diseases including schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). Postmortem tissue from patients with SCZ and BD displayed reducedcircHomer1 levels within the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a region that tracks event saliency important for moderating behavioral flexibility. While dysregulation of circHomer1expression has recently been identified across multiple psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and is associated with impaired behavioral flexibility in mice, it is unknown whether circHomer1 can induce electrophysiological signatures relevant to cognitive dysfunction in these disorders. To examine the role of circHomer1 in neuronal signaling, we bilaterally knocked down circHomer1in the OFC of C57BL/6J male mice and recorded neural activity from the OFC during a touchscreen reversal learning task then measured molecular changes of synaptic regulators following knockdown. Knockdown of circHomer1 within the OFC induced choice-dependent changes in multiunit firing rate and local field potential coordination and power to salient stimuli during reversal learning. Further, these electrophysiological changes were associated with transcriptional downregulation of glutamatergic signaling effectors and behavioral alterations leading to impaired cognitive flexibility. CircHomer1 is a stable biomolecule, whose knockdown in rodent OFC produces lasting electrophysiological and transcriptional changes important for efficient reversal learning. This is, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of a psychiatric-associated circRNA contributing to electrophysiological, transcriptional, and behavioral alterations relevant to psychiatric phenotypes.