bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of a Multicomponent Intervention Program on Community-Dwelling People With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Kim Ye-Soon , Moon Jong-Hoon , Hong Bo Kyoon , Ho Seung Hee
Published: July 2020

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of a novel and complex intervention in community-dwelling people with intellectual disabilities.Methods Forty-three participants completed the experiment. The subjects were randomly assigned the experimental (n=33) or control (n=10) groups. The multicomponent intervention program comprised exercise and nutrition management and behavior modification. The intervention was performed for 60 minutes once weekly for 10 weeks. The assessment included anthropometric data, body composition and blood pressure analysis, and blood tests. In addition, pulmonary function, physical function, and health-related quality of life were measured before and after the intervention.Results No adverse events occurred during the intervention. After the intervention, the experimental group showed a significantly higher increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level than did the control group (effect size=0.152, p=0.019).Conclusion This innovative intervention was effective in improving cardiovascular health. Even greater effects could be achieved through improvements in implementation strategies to increase compliance.
Evaluating the Building Technology Stimulus Initiative Offered by Ministry of Housing within the Kingdom’s Vision 2030
Authors: Alangari Nujud K. , Alzamil Waleed S.
Published: July 2020

The ministry of housing recently developed a new initiative to support the housing sector in Saudi Arabia, which is the building technology stimulus initiative (BTSI). The needs of this initiative arose due to the high demands of housing units. The importance of the BTSI appears on its ability to reduce the construction period time and to provide a better life cycle with reasonable prices. This paper aims to assess the positive and negative aspects of this initiative in social, economic, and environmental sides. It explains how this initiative can fulfillment the kingdom’s vision of 2030. The paper adopts a descriptive analysis of BTSI based on the reports of the Ministry of Housing and the National Vision 2030. The survey was designed to evaluate the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of the BTSI from the perspective of (72) specialists and academics in the scope of housing and building technology. The survey has been analyzed using the SPSS software and the Google Drive charts. The results show that BTSI can help to reduce the period time for housing construction, the use of skilled labor, and increase the high-level professional career opportunities. More, over, The BTSI can provide a healthy environment and reduce visual pollution and waste. In case of mass production, The BTSI contributes to reducing the cost of housing provided by the Ministry of Housing for low-income people. Finally, the paper proposes a gradual transition toward construction technology in the Ministry of Housing projects and the development of policies to motivate the private sector to invest in building technology in partnership with international construction firms.
Nudging in Supermarkets to Reduce Plastic Bag Consumption among Customers: A Framework for Change
Authors: Lim Ian
Published: July 2020

Despite good intentions, the increasing number of plastic bag bans aimed at alleviating marine plastic pollution saw a correlated increase in the number of unintended consequences that emerged alongside the bans, suggesting that human behavior towards plastic bag consumption have not changed, but merely shifted, and are feeding into other major international environmental catastrophes. Nudge theory, which helps people make better choices for themselves without inhibiting their free will, is a potential solution that has been shown to play a subtle but important role in providing options under circumstances where complex information needs to be streamlined for the wider community, avoiding any unintended consequences and behavioural shifts that might arise from instruments that diminishes autonomy. It is therefore timely to look into the insights of nudge theory to encourage a positive behavioural change to reduce plastic bag consumption. Here we apply a systematic literature review to show how successful applications of nudges in supermarkets can be leveraged to reduce plastic bag consumption. We find that the current applications of nudges in various industries worldwide, including supermarkets have produced positive and encouraging results, as well as producing lasting behavioural change among the wider community. Supermarkets are identified as a powerful deployment site of these nudges due to their positioning as a dominant provider of plastic bags to the wider community, as well as being the largest and leading provider of daily food needs. Finally, we synthesise our findings to produce a coherent and testable framework of actionable interventions that supermarkets can employ to nudge customers towards reduced plastic bag reliance, accompanied with a visual timeline of a customer shopping in a supermarket experiencing these nudges.
‘Radicalisering’ en herstelrecht: bevindingen van het Belgische CONRAD-project
Authors: Aertsen Ivo , De Backer Mattias , Figoureux Marie
Published: July 2020

‘Radicalisation’ and restorative justice – Findings from the Belgian CONRAD project

In this article, some of the findings of a practice and policy oriented research project on ‘radicalisation’ are discussed. The research was carried out in a partnership between three Belgian universities and two field organisations during the years 2017-2019. The project aimed at a ‘Constructive analysis on the attitudes, policies and programmes that relate to “radicalisation”’ (CONRAD). Restorative justice offered the initial framework to design and to set up the project. This article offers some findings and reflections on the opportunities (and the limits) that were found in the project with respect to the relevance of restorative justice. This part of the research was done on the basis of a frame-analysis on the one hand, and field work on the other. The article first presents the restorative justice assumptions that formed the backbone of the project. Then, the method of ‘inductive frame-analysis’ is presented as this was applied to a sample of media and policy documents that reported about ‘radicalisation’ and ‘de-radicalisation’ related issues in Belgium. This resulted in the identification of four frames and eight counterframes. The field work in the form of ‘participatory action research’ with young persons and their organisations in the cities of Brussels and Verviers is then discussed, revealing a complex situation of social tensions. It is argued then that the use of frames and counterframes can help those involved in, or concerned about, social problems to look at these issues from another perspective, through another lens. Based on the method of photo-elicitation, cartoons related to frames and counterframes were designed in the project as a tool to facilitate talking about ‘radicalisation’ from different perspectives. The article ends with reflections on the relevance of restorative justice in dealing with ‘radicalisation’ and violent extremism. A broad relational and participatory approach to respond to these ‘phenomena’ at societal level is proposed.
Herstelrecht en Activisme van de Hoop
Authors: Steinmetz Carl H.D.
Published: July 2020

Restorative justice and Activism of Hope – A different vision on counteracting radicalization

This contribution advocates a fresh look at counteracting radicalization. Two frameworks are used for this. In the first place, that is the restorative justice that we have coined here as ‘making amends’. We need this normative framework because it provides clues for the prevention of ‘transgressing’ forms of radicalization, which can lead to extremism and terrorism. Secondly, we use an Activism of Hope framework, which states that we may and must resist social deprivation and injustice. After all, deprivation and injustice are the breeding ground for radicalization.
Extensão do self no ambiente virtual: proposta de estrutura conceitual
Authors: Garcia Sheila Farias Alves , Marchi Gabriela De Melo , Jungles Bruna Ferreira
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: No presente estudo, buscou-se entender como os consumidores expressam experiências de consumo no ambiente virtual e como essas postagens se relacionam com a extensão do “self”.  Método: Partiu-se da observação das “self-presentations” que afloraram das postagens dos usuários no aplicativo “Vivino” (comunidade para apreciadores de vinho), complementados por entrevistas qualitativas. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo para as observações e a hermenêutica para as entrevistas. Originalidade/Relevância: Explorar os aspectos simbólicos do consumo do vinho, usando abordagem qualitativa, baseada em observação não participativa do aplicativo Vivino, uma comunidade virtual colaborativa para apreciadores de vinho, para compreender a extensão do “self” refletida no ambiente digital.  Resultados: Entre os motivos que explicam a participação do consumidor em comunidades de consumo, destaca-se o fascínio que o compartilhamento exerce sobre os indivíduos, levando-os a desenvolver a necessidade de participar do “espetáculo”, a fim de dar significado à sua existência, em uma sociedade totalmente mediada por imagens.  Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: A fim de representar os principais achados desta investigação empírica, elaborou-se uma estrutura conceitual do processo de formação do “extended self” no ambiente digital.
O desafio da construção das marcas: proposta de um modelo
Authors: Oliveira Elaine Ribeiro , Abreu Nelsio Rodrigues
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo propor um modelo de construção de marca, analisar os modelos de construção de marca de Aaker e Joachismthaler e Keller e verificar a relevância de cada pilar que compõe o novo modelo, proporcionado pelas lacunas percebidas e suas implicações nos modelos anteriores.Método: A pesquisa foi fundamentada em uma abordagem metodológica, de um estudo qualitativo tendo como estratégia de verificação empírica o método de estudo de casos múltiplos, por meio da análise as marcas Arezzo e Schutz.Originalidade/Relevância: A relevância do modelo proposto inspira novos olhares para o campo gerencial e do marketing, buscando contribuir com a teoria e a gestão de marca, no sentido de discutir as lacunas existentes nos modelos apresentados pelos autores Aaker e Joamchimstaler (2007) e Keller (2013).Resultados:Após testar os pilares que compõe o modelo proposto, percebeu-se sua importância dado o contexto global das marcas e as exigências do mercado competitivo. Assim, pode-se detectar a interação com o consumidor em todos os seus pilares.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas:Este estudo contribui com a teoria do marketing como referência, introdução ou mecanismo exploratório para possíveis estudos futuros, frente as dimensões socioeconômicas no mundo acadêmico e gerencial global.
The influence of the intestinal microbiota and its
modifications on the well-being of patients with
depression
Authors: Wardziukiewicz Wiktoria , Stachowska Ewa
Published: July 2020

Depression is an increasingly common disease that significantly reduces quality of life. The
number of patients with depression is constantly increasing, especially among younger people.
There are many likely causes of depression related to internal as well as environmental factors.
It is possible that the intestinal microbiota may play an important role in the development
of depressive symptoms. Its diversity is important for the proper development and functioning
of the nervous system, in which an important role is played by the gut brain axis, which is the path-way of communication of intestinal microorganisms with the central nervous
system. Changes in the number and diversity of the intestinal microbiota affect many pathways
potentially related to mood, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, tryptophan
metabolism, as well as the synthesis of neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids and brainderived
neurotrophic factor. These changes can also affect the response of the immune system
and inflammatory processes. Therefore, it seems that modulation of the intestinal microbiota
through diet components and probiotic supplementation may be extremely important in
the treatment of depression, also as one of the methods of treating this pharmacotherapyresistant
condition.
This work focuses on the effects of intestinal microbiota and its changes on the well-being of
patients with depression.
Education of Refugee Adolescents at the End of Secondary School: The Role of Educational Policies, Individual and Family Resources
Authors: Will Gisela , Homuth Christoph
Published: July 2020

In the recent wave of refugee immigration to Germany, many children and adolescents were among the migrants. Their integration into the German educational system will be a major challenge for the years and decades to come. The paper’s aim is to examine both general and refugee-specific mechanisms that likely explain ethnic and social inequality in education among refugee adolescents. The study is based on ReGES (Refugees in the German Educational System) data collected in five German federal states. Our results show that refugee adolescents attend lower grade levels and lower school types than the general pupil population in Germany. We further posit that established mechanisms to explain social and ethnic inequality are also applicable to refugee adolescents. Among refugee-specific aspects, we identify factors at the federal state level that influence the school placement of young refugees. Furthermore, at the individual level, post-traumatic stress disorder is associated with differences in educational achievement among refugee students.
Ethik in Beziehung
Authors: Wollasch Ursula
Published: July 2020

Das Konzept »Ethik in Beziehung« bietet eine praktische Orientierung für den Alltag in sozialen Organisationen.
Niedrigere Hürden
Authors: Dorau Christoph
Published: July 2020

Der Gesetzgeber hat angesichts der Corona-Pandemie übergangsweise Erleichterungen im Vereinsrecht geschaffen. Doch insbesondere bei virtuellen Mitgliederversammlungen stellen sich zahlreiche praktische Fragen.
Qualifizierung nach Maß
Authors: Plehn Maren
Published: July 2020

E-Learning kann auch in der Zeit nach Corona eine geeignete Form der betrieblichen Aus- und Weiterbildung sein. Sozialunternehmen sollten allerdings bei der Einführung einige besondere Aspekte beachten, wie ein Erfahrungsbericht zeigt.
Flickenteppich mit Stolperfallen
Authors: Pilarski Michael
Published: July 2020

Viele soziale Organisationen sind auf Fördermittel der öffentlichen Hand angewiesen. Die Bedingungen bei einer Projekt- oder institutionellen Förderung stellen insbesondere weniger erfahrene Träger vor besondere Herausforderungen.
Die Organisation als Marke
Authors: Kläs Fabian
Published: July 2020

Die Organisation als Marke zu etablieren kann auch bei der Fachkräftegewinnung und Mitarbeiterbindung von hohem Nutzen sein.
Internet für alle
Authors: Marx Christina
Published: July 2020

Digitale Barrieren sind insbesondere für Menschen mit Behinderung - aber auch für viele andere - ein großes Problem. Die Aktion Mensch will deshalb mit einem Förderangebot die digitale Teilhabe aller voranbringen. Träger können je Projekt für Investitionskosten und Bildungsmaßnahmen bis zu 10.000 Euro erhalten. Christina Marx, Leiterin Aufklärung bei Soziallotterie, erläutert die Bedingungen für diese Aktion.
Neue Wege
Authors: Nöbauer Brigitta
Published: July 2020

Die Personalentwicklung in Sozialunternehmen sieht sich vor zahlreiche neue Herausforderungen gestellt. Bekannte Aufgaben werden neu akzentuiert, neue kommen hinzu. Prof. Dr. Brigitta Nöbauer von der Fachhochschule Oberösterreich gibt einige Hinweise, worauf Verantwortliche sozialer Organisationen achten sollten. So sollte beispielsweise die Einarbeitung heutzutage lange vor dem ersten Arbeitstag beginnen, um ein Abspringen des Bewerbers in letzter Minute zu verhindern. Eine neue Lernkultur mit Online-Teaching, Learning Niggets und Barcams kann insbesondere jüngere Mitarbeitende ansprechen.
Mediation als Instrument der frühen Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung gem. § 25 Abs. 3 VwVfG
Authors: Schreiber Annika
Published: July 2020

Early public participation according to par. 25, sect. 3 of the German Administrative Procedure Act was introduced to create broader acceptance of public planning decisions. In order to be effective, any public participation procedure has to establish trust and confidence in public decision-making. This study analyses the trust relationship between citizens and public authorities within the limits of German constitutional law, and evaluates mediation as an instrument of early public participation. The empirical test the study conducts provides evidence that face-to-face communication is key. Mediation proves to be an effective procedure for building trust and confidence in public planning decisions.
Fiktion, Wissen, Gedächtnis
Authors: Klinkert Thomas
Published: July 2020

If one wants to understand what literature is from a longue durée perspective, it is instructive to examine the terms ‘fiction’, ‘knowledge’ and ‘memory’. Grouped into three sections, analytical studies each focusing on one of these three terms are compiled in this book. These studies introduce suitable theoretical models in this respect, which have been customised so that they can be used in textual analysis. In this way, the book aims to reveal important foundations of literary theory and analyse them in terms of their potential to explain literary texts. This also results in feedback effects between theoretical discourse and literary practice to the extent that they thematise their own foundations, often through self-reflection, and devise implicit theoretical models. The studies deal with texts from Il Novellino and by Dante, Boccaccio, Cervantes, Diderot, Jean Paul, Foscolo, Balzac, Baudelaire, Zola, Capuana, Proust, Simon, Levi, Semprún, Perec and Modiano. This book will also appeal to non-Romanists, which is why all quotations in a foreign language have been translated.
Solid-State Anaerobic Microbial Ensilage Pretreatment
Authors: Yang Xu
Published: July 2020

Pretreatment technology has become the main bottleneck restricting the development of biogas. This chapter provides an overview of recent studies on solid-state microbial ensilage pretreatment for the production of biogas with wastes. The goal of microbial ensilage pretreatment is to maximize the production of lactic acid, thereby reducing the pH value and establishing an environment that is not suitable for the growth of harmful organisms. The use of various additives, especially lactic acid bacteria, is the main factor to ensure the success of anaerobic pretreatment. Sensory evaluation is carried out by observing the smell, structure, and color of silage to judge the quality of silage. The pH values, ammonia nitrogen, and organic acids (lactic-, acetic-, propionic-, and butyric acid) are used as reference values to determine the fermentation quality of silage. An overall comparison of the effectiveness of microbial ensilage with aerobic microbial pretreatment for biogas production is also discussed. Finally, the research on solid-state anaerobic microbial silage pretreatment in biogas conversion is summarized. The combined anaerobic digestion method with different pretreated materials will be the future development direction due to its advantages.
Janusz Kuczyński’s Philosophy of Universalism
Authors: Mitias Michael H. ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2020

This paper is a critical analysis of the conditions under which a decent world order is possible, an order in which the different peoples of the world can thrive under the conditions of peace, cooperation, freedom, justice, and prosperity. This analysis is done from the standpoint of Janusz Kuczyński’s philosophy of universalism as a metaphilosophy. More than any other in the contemporary period, this philosophy has advanced a focused, systematic, and comprehensive analysis of these conditions on the basis of a universal vision of nature, human nature, and the meaning of human life and destiny. The paper is composed of three parts. The first part is devoted to a short overview of activism in the history of philosophy. The second part is devoted to an analysis of the main elements of universalism as a metaphilosophy, especially the theoretical conditions of establishing a decent world order. The third part is devoted to a discussion of the practical steps that should be taken to establish a decent world order.
The Address on the Janusz Kuczyński’s 80th Birthday
Authors: Walicki Andrzej ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2020

The address presents Janusz Kuczyński’s main ideas, conception and his diverse and longstanding activity (as an ideologist, philosopher, editor, ecumenist, patriot). The author of this essay includes his own reflections on Kuczyński’s views.
Dialogues between Cultures, Science and Technology
Authors: Kuczyński Janusz ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2020

The author proposes and discusses the following thesis: That which determines the intensifying process of transition toward an entirely new situation on the globe is, to an ever increasing degree, consciousness, the self-knowledge of cultures, and above all philosophies as their most profound expression. The author considers this transition the growth of the universalism he interprets as a philosophy of mankind-for-itself. The considerations extensively refers to Kinhide Mushakoji’s conception of scientific revolution and inter-paradigmatic dialogue.
The Sense of New History
Authors: Kuczyński Janusz ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2020

The paper discusses the problem of essence and sense of history, especially modern history, mainly by discussing Thomas Langan’s position expressed in his 1978 essay “Searching in History for the Sense of It All,” The Review of Metaphysics, September.
The Meaning of History and Peace
Authors: Kuczyński Janusz ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2020

The paper consists of two parts. In the first one the author analyses the situation of mankind in the last decades of the 20th century, regarding it as tragic; in his reflections he refers mainly to the conceptions of Georg W. F. Hegel, Karl Marx and some Christian thinkers. The second part is a critique of Karl Popper’s conception of history, especially his main claim that history has no meaning.
How Not to Think of Perception
Authors: Overgaard Søren ,   The Harvard Review of Philosophy
Published: July 2020

Perception seems like it puts us directly in touch with real things in our environment. But according to a popular view, perception actually does no such thing. Perceptual experiences are internally generated imagery, and we don’t see what is really out there. I call this view “the Hard-Nosed View,” and I argue that it is deeply problematic. In fact, the view is self-defeating: it undermines the very evidence supposed to establish or support the view. Indeed, if perceptual experiences are just internally generated images that generally don’t reflect what is really out there, the very notion of a scientific finding is put in jeopardy. So, the Hard-Nosed View had better be false.
Sistema prisional brasileiro: desafios de um estado democrático de direito
Authors: Silva Rafael Rocha
Published: July 2020

O presente estudo visa a defesa da dignidade da pessoa humana diante da atual realidade dos presídios brasileiros, que apresenta problemas estruturais graves, acarretando não somete na violação de garantias fundamentais básicas do preso, como da sociedade como um todo, pois essas falhas estruturais do sistema acabam por potencializar a violência. Assim exposto surge o questionamento acerca da possibilidade de cumprimento das garantias fundamentais inerentes ao estado democrático de direito. Interessante se faz o desenvolvimento de um apanhado histórico sobre as fases de desenvolvimento da pena, descrevendo-as desde o período da Vingança Privada até o período da Nova Defesa Social, sendo necessário para mensurar o quanto evoluímos e o quanto estamos temporalmente atrasados. Diante do problema posto e das diversas violações de direitos, o Supremo Tribunal Federal acabou reconhecendo um Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional, que através de uma relação dialógica entre os poderes estatais, visa adaptar o sistema prisional brasileiro aos princípios inerentes ao Estado Democrático de Direito, principalmente no que tange a dignidade da pessoa humana, onde surge um interessante debate sobre o ativismo judicial e a real necessidade de garantir os princípios positivados na Constituição Federal. Os dados e os debates apresentados no presente trabalho deixam transparecer a gravidade da situação prisional brasileira e cria uma reflexão a respeito das possibilidades a serem adotadas para minimizar os efeitos das falhas estruturais presentes no sistema, principalmente no que tange a ineficácia de políticas públicas ou até mesmo a falta de vontade política para resolução desse grave problema social.
Réimaginer la réinsertion sociale : le désistement assisté en Irlande
Authors: Healy1 Deirdre , Dubois Florence
Published: July 2020

Les recherches portant sur la réinsertion sociale et le désistement ont coexisté jusqu’ici dans une mésalliance. Les tensions entre les deux domaines pourraient être dues aux différentes perspectives théoriques mises en avant pour expliquer les processus de changement. Traditionnellement, les chercheurs en réinsertion sociale s’intéressent aux effets des interventions offertes à l’intérieur du système de justice pénale, ceux qui s’intéressent au désistement mettent plutôt l’accent sur les changements qui ont lieu en dehors de celles-ci, comme les changements dans les circonstances sociales et l’agentivité. Les études portant sur le désistement assisté ont récemment commencé à faire le pont entre les deux en se penchant sur les effets des interventions offertes par le système de justice pénale sur les processus de désistement. La présente étude cherche à contribuer à ce domaine de recherche émergent en produisant une réflexion critique sur les mécanismes du désistement assisté en Irlande, et surtout sur le rôle du suivi probatoire. Elle effectuera un survol des politiques et pratiques existantes et présentera des données de recherche empiriques explorant les conséquences du suivi probatoire sur le processus de désistement. La conclusion de l’article amènera une discussion sur la manière dont la présente recherche contribue aux savoirs sur le désistement assisté.
Désistement assisté : vecteur d’intégration sociocommunautaire pour des adolescents engagés dans une délinquance grave ou persistante
Authors: Villeneuve1 Marie-Pierre , F.-Dufour Isabelle , Turcotte Daniel
Published: July 2020

Concilier les objectifs légaux et cliniques des mesures pénales est un défi de taille dans l’intervention auprès d’adolescents engagés dans une délinquance grave ou persistante (ADGP). Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude visant à explorer, sous l’angle du désistement assisté, les éléments favorables ou qui nuisent : 1) à l’arrêt des comportements criminels ; 2) à l’adoption de nouveaux rôles sociaux ; et 3) aux changements identitaires d’ADGP en contexte de suivi pénal. Cette étude s’appuie sur l’analyse qualitative de 26 dossiers d’ADGP québécois soumis à une peine alternative qui montrent des signes de désistement. Les résultats laissent entendre que les pratiques d’intervention peuvent contribuer au développement des ressources personnelles et sociales dont ces adolescents ont besoin pour déterminer, accéder et saisir des opportunités de changement et, ultimement, maintenir leurs efforts de désistement.
Apprivoiser les résistances en intervention auprès d’hommes en contexte d’aide contrainte
Authors: Deslauriers1 Jean-Martin , Fortin Alexandra , Joubert David
Published: July 2020

Les professionnels qui interviennent auprès d’hommes ayant des comportements violents doivent souvent composer avec un niveau de motivation peu élevé de la part de ceux qu’ils souhaitent aider à changer. Ces derniers ont recours aux services surtout en situation d’aide contrainte légale ou de la part de l’entourage. Des entretiens auprès d’intervenants ont permis d’explorer leurs perceptions de la notion de résistance dans un contexte d’aide non volontaire, de mieux comprendre les facteurs qui la génèrent et les stratégies d’intervention pour l’atténuer. Ces résultats sont mis en lien avec des écrits sur le sujet afin de proposer une réflexion qui lie théorie et pratique.
Anthologizing classical Chinese poetry in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries: poetics and ideology
Authors: Feng Wang , Washbourne Kelly
Published: July 2020

We seek in this study to consider anthologizing as a decision-making activity, marshalling evidence from texts and paratexts reflecting anthologists’ poetic and ideological criteria for selection; to analyze the construction of a national literature accomplished through text selection and omission; and to provide evidence of the systematicity and intertextuality of anthologized texts as interrelated ecologies. We will focus largely on translation history decisions and procedures such as selection and the anthologists’ rationale; presentation format (monolingual, bilingual, the use of Chinese); provenance (direct or indirect translation); and target audience. In exploring criteria for selection, we intend to shed light on the complex problem of representativeness. We posit that anthologizing and its canon-forming and canon-redefining choices appear dialogically, in conversation with various kinds of previous texts, which serve as a kind of “original” to the anthologist’s “translation.” Our corpus includes multi-author anthologies of classic Chinese poetry that were published from the 1890s to the present.
The shape of translation policy: a comparison of policy determinants in Bangor and Brownsville
Authors: González Núñez Gabriel
Published: July 2020

The idea that there is something scholars can call “translation policy” has existed since the very early days of the field. As studies continue to spring forward, new perspectives continue to help our understanding of how translation policy evolves. Generally speaking, these studies tend to look closely at the role that the authorities play in shaping translation policy. Such an approach has led to useful insights, and for the foreseeable future, it will probably continue to provide enriching perspectives. But oftentimes, translation policy takes shape in official domains as a response to factors outside the domains themselves. In other words, there are insights to be gleaned by looking beyond the official domains. For example, interesting perspectives may come from looking at broader historical and demographic determinants that help shape translation policy. In that spirit, this paper will consider translation policy in two different settings: Gwynedd (Wales) and Cameron (Texas). It will compare and contrast these two regions in terms of history and demography, where some surprising parallels can be found. Then the article will describe translation policies in both places, where some stark contrasts become immediately apparent. Then this paper will analyze these differences in terms of how the minority language is viewed in these regions.
Nietzsche as precursor of postmodern translation studies
Authors: Chen Liming
Published: July 2020

Friedrich Nietzsche is generally considered the precursor of postmodern philosophy (Erickson 2001: 84), the basis of which are: Antichrist (rejection of all attachment to God) and a call for a re-evaluation of all values, a negation of conventional metaphysics, an insistence on perspectivism, a rejection of Enlightenment rationality and the advocation of will to power. Nietzsche’s postmodern philosophy and his thought on translation play a fundamental role in postmodern translation studies, uncrowning the author as God of the text, liberating the translator, and enlarging the space of multi interpretative signifiers. Meanwhile, his insights have helped extricate translators from ethical questions about their re-creativity, encourage them to develop a translator’s subjectivity and consequently broaden the horizon of translation studies. Such radical thoughts as perspectivism in interpretation, re-evaluation of Christian values, a historical sense of the past, and the conquest of the Ancient, especially by translation, can also be applied to his thoughts on translation (studies), though not so systematic as they are, initiating an inspiring postmodern approach to translation studies, and exerting a lasting and profound influence on his followers like Heidegger, Gadamer, Benjamin, Pound, Derrida, Steiner, Lefevere, Venuti, etc. An elaborative review of Nietzsche’s insightful ideas as such should clarify the genealogy of postmodern translation studies in general.
The work integration social enterprises in Greece
Authors: Douvitsa Ifigeneia -
Published: July 2020

The present paper focuses on the available legal forms with work integration as their explicit purpose in the Greek legislature and outlines their main traits on the basis of the EMES (European Research Network) nine criteria of social enterprises. Their thus far implementation is also discussed, including the challenges and shortcomings that WISEs have faced in the Greek context.The main findings of the study indicate a dominance of the cooperative form for the WISEs under the Greek context. More specifically, the legislator imposes a percentage of members coming from the target group, perceiving in that way mutuality and solidarity as rather intertwined, since the WISEs’ explicit aim of work integration of the disadvantaged people is mainly achieved by joining the cooperative. Despite the supportive measures for the WISEs, the implementation of the thus far public policies has not been effective in further promoting such a model of enterprise.
Sobre el órgano judicial competente para resolver la casación frente a normas de derecho civil autonómico. Comentario al Auto 8857/2018, de 5 de septiembre, de la Sala de lo Civil del Tribunal Supremo
Authors: Marco Marco Joaquín J.
Published: July 2020

El Auto 8857/2018, de 5 de septiembre, de la Sala de lo Civil del Tribunal Supremo determina la competencia respecto de la resolución de un recurso de casación planteado por una cooperativa gallega frente a una sentencia en apelación de la Audiencia Provincial de A Coruña. El Auto, que reitera la posición de otro Auto de marzo de 2015, supone una modificación en la línea jurisprudencial de la Sala Primera del Tribunal Supremo al considerar que la competencia, por tratarse de derecho civil autonómico –no derecho foral- corresponde al Tribunal Supremo y no al Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Galicia, como se había venido considerando anteriormente.
La condena a la cobertura del déficit concursal. Comentario a la Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo 597/2018, Civil, de 31 de octubre (Roj: STS 3679/2018)
Authors: Campuzano Laguillo Ana Belén
Published: July 2020

La cuestión que aborda la Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo de 31 de octubre de 2018 es la relativa al alcance de la condena a la cobertura del déficit concursal, en el supuesto, planteada a los miembros del consejo rector de una cooperativa. En este contexto, se analiza la condena a la cobertura del déficit concursal prevista en nuestra legislación de insolvencia, desde la perspectiva de las modificaciones legales introducidas en la misma y su interpretación.
El ejercicio del cargo de patrono en las fundaciones, de Mª Eugenia Serrano Chamorro (Aranzadi, 2019)
Authors: Orejas Casas José Antonio
Published: July 2020

Esta obra quiere destacar la importancia social de las fundaciones pero a la vez quiere reflejar la responsabilidad que la ley impone a las personas que actúan como patrones, lo cual puede ser una contradicción. Si el cargo es gratuito, si las personas actúan por el bien de la sociedad ¿Cómo se puede exigir una responsabilidad tan extrema? ¿Puede una fundación vivir sin patronos? ¿Los patronos asumen responsabilidades? ¿Los patronos pueden actuar de forma unipersonal? ¿Es necesario un patronato como órgano de una fundación? ¿Los patronos pueden apartarse de la voluntad del fundador? Éstas y muchas preguntas más se dan respuesta en esta obra.
Presentación del monográfico
Authors: Bengoetxea Alkorta Aitor , Fajardo García Gemma
Published: July 2020

Presentación del monográfico la temática de “La inclusión socio-laboral de colectivos vulnerables en las empresas de economía social”. Cuenta con doce artículos.
Fantasised alterity, inaudible voices. Notes for a critique of the coloniality of desire
Authors: Polo Blanco Jorge
Published: July 2020

Adopting the decolonial theoretical framework, as far as gender issues are concerned, we will address an important issue: the sexual imaginaries which, from Western cultures, have been projected onto non-Western alterities. In this regard, we will discuss "fantasised alterities" and the "coloniality of desire" in order to connote certain processes of domination which have to do with the racialisation of sexuality and with the sexualisation of race. However, we will at the same time address the criticisms which have been brought against Western-centric hegemonic feminism from the "other feminisms", because the former has on too many occasions been a discourse complicit in the secular subalternization of all "non-white" women, that is, racialized. Moreover, this complicity has been rooted specifically in the ignorance and misunderstanding of the intersectionality of gender, sex, race and class.
Repoblación medieval y declive del lobo (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) en la costa mediterránea de la península Ibérica
Authors: Rosas-Artola Manuel
Published: July 2020

Based on the preserved historical documentation of catches of wolves, the population dynamics of the species are estimated, between the XIVth and XVIIth centuries, in five places on the Iberian Mediterranean coast: Tortosa, Castelló de la Plana, Monòver, Orihuela and Baza. It is observed in these places that the wolf enters in a process of saturation and decrease in catches that can be linked to human repopulation and the occupation of the territory that begins in the Late Middle Ages. The continuous increase along the coast of the number of new settlers, had as a consequence the expansion of the occupied space, which surely altered the habitat occupied by the wolf, and facilitated its pursuit and capture.
A mechanism for the extension and unfolding of parallel telomeric G-quadruplexes by human telomerase at single-molecule resolution
Authors: Paudel Bishnu P , Moye Aaron Lavel , Abou Assi Hala , El-Khoury Roberto , Cohen Scott B , Holien Jessica K , Birrento Monica L , Samosorn Siritron , Intharapichai Kamthorn , Tomlinson Christopher G , Teulade-Fichou Marie-Paule , González Carlos , Beck Jennifer L , Damha Masad J , van Oijen Antoine M , Bryan Tracy M
Published: July 2020

Telomeric G-quadruplexes (G4) were long believed to form a protective structure at telomeres, preventing their extension by the ribonucleoprotein telomerase. Contrary to this belief, we have previously demonstrated that parallel-stranded conformations of telomeric G4 can be extended by human and ciliate telomerase. However, a mechanistic understanding of the interaction of telomerase with structured DNA remained elusive. Here, we use single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) microscopy and bulk-phase enzymology to propose a mechanism for the resolution and extension of parallel G4 by telomerase. Binding is initiated by the RNA template of telomerase interacting with the G-quadruplex; nucleotide addition then proceeds to the end of the RNA template. It is only through the large conformational change of translocation following synthesis that the G-quadruplex structure is completely unfolded to a linear product. Surprisingly, parallel G4 stabilization with either small molecule ligands or by chemical modification does not always inhibit G4 unfolding and extension by telomerase. These data reveal that telomerase is a parallel G-quadruplex resolvase.
Biotreatability of Crude Oil Polluted Aquatic Environment Using Indigenous Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria
Authors: Laurelta Tudararo-Aherobo , Sylvester Okotie , Tega Ataikiru , Avwerosuoghene Stephen
Published: July 2020

Aim: The research aims to assess the biodegradability of crude oil polluted aquatic environment using indigenous hydrocarbon degrading bacteria.

Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in the Environmental Management and Toxicology Laboratory, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State.

Methodology: Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria species were isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated soils, screened and used for the degradation of crude oil. 5% and 10% crude oil were used to spike the test microcosm. Physicochemical parameters such as, pH, turbidity, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and bacterial counts of the bioremediated crude oil contaminated water were monitored on Day 0, 7 and 14. The biodegradation of the crude oil was done with the various bacteria isolates singly and as a consortium. Standard methods of American Public Health Association (APHA) and American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) were used for the analysis.

Results: The isolates identified and used for the biodegradation process were, Azomonas sp., Enterococcus sp., Klebsiella sp. and Rhizobactersp. On day 14, in the microcosms with 5% crude oil contamination, Azomonas sp. recorded the highest turbidity reading of 328 ± 2.0 NTU, while Rhizobacter sp. recorded the least with 57.67 ± 0.58 NTU. The bacterial countswere between 7.68 ± 0.002 CFU/ml and 8.05 ± 0.10x 107 CFU/ml for Rhizobacter sp. and Azomonas sp. respectively.The crude oil was also degraded most in the microcosm treated with Azomonas sp. with a residual TPH concentration of 0.0013± 0.005 mg/l.For the 10% crude oil contaminated microcosms, TPH was also biodegraded most by Azomonas sp. with a value of 0.0026 ± 0.002mg/l. Turbidity readings were between 82 ± 1.0 NTU and 375.33 ± 0.57 NTU for Rhizobacter sp. and Azomonas sp. respectively. Bacterial counts were between (7.71± 0.012)x 107CFU/ml – (8.13± 0.001) x 107CFU/ml for Rhizobacter sp. and Azomonassp. respectively.

Conclusion:There wasincreased microbial countsand decrease of residual crude oil concentration, indicating degradation of the crude oil by all the isolates.However, Azomonas sp. recorded the highest TPH degradation for both the 5% and 10% crude oil contaminated microcosms.Thus, findings from the research indicate that hydrocarbon degrading bacteria exist in our environment and can be used in the remediation of aquatic polluted environment.
Para ler a Ásia no mundo de hoje: publicações globais sobre Ásia e políticas de circulação de conhecimento
Authors: Pinheiro Cláudio Costa
Published: July 2020

Em 2017, realizou-se a 7a Edição do Prêmio de Livros da 10a Reunião da Associação Internacional de Pesquisadores de Ásia (ICAS), do qual participei como jurado. O júri analisou e premiou as melhores publicações dentre as mais de trezentos e cinquenta sobre a Ásia no mundo, editadas entre 2014 e 2017. Este artigo parte do Prêmio de Livros da ICAS para discorrer sobre o processo de premiação, refletindo a respeito de como a coleção de publicações recebidas nesse triênio permite observar o quadro internacional dos Estudos Asiáticos. Finalmente, procuro discutir o lugar periférico do Sul Global no contexto internacional de Estudos Asiáticos.

Palavras-chave: Ásia - Publicações - Produção acadêmica internacional - Sul Global.

 

Abstract

In 2017, there occurred the 7th edition of the 10th ICAS (International Convention of Asian Scholars) Book Prize, in which I participated as member of the jury. The jury analyzed and awarded the best publications on Asian Studies edited between 2014 and 2017, selected from a total of more than three hundred and fifty publications submitted from all over the word. The aim of this article is to introduce the ICAS Books Prize judgment process and use it as a starting point to discuss how the collection of works submitted help analyzing the international framework of Asian Studies and, finally, to reflect on the peripheral position of the Global South within the international context of Asian Studies.

Keywords: Asia - Publications - International academic production - Global South.
O império da supremacia branca e a Frente Negra Brasileira: as representações sobre as relações raciais da América Latina no jornal afro-americano Chicago Defender (1916-1940)
Authors: Francisco Flavio Ribeiro
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar, a partir da publicação de notícias sobre a Frente Negra Brasileira (1931-1937), a construção de representações sobre as relações raciais no Brasil e na América Latina no jornal afro-americano Chicago Defender entre 1916 e 1940. Por um lado, o periódico negro divulgou entre seus leitores a ideia de fraternidades raciais estabelecidas nas nações latino-americanas, principalmente no Brasil. Por outro, demonstrou como a influência de um imperialismo norte-americano que poderia comprometer as relações sociais na América Latina pela difusão internacional de práticas racistas que haviam marginalizado os negros nos Estados Unidos já afetava a América Central. A ascensão da Frente Negra Brasileira foi considerada pelos jornalistas do Chicago Defender como o sinal do “perigo da influência racista norte-americana” nos países da América do Sul.
Escravos marinheiros, senhores e locadores: Leis Pombalinas, faina marítima e economia mundial (1761-1810)
Authors: Silva Luiz Geraldo , Souza Priscila de Lima
Published: July 2020

Analisamos neste artigo alvarás e avisos que, entre 1761 e 1800, proibiram o tráfico de escravos e, a longo prazo, encaminharam a abolição da escravidão em Portugal. Nossa ênfase recai sobre os escravos marinheiros que se dirigiam a Lisboa e sobre a legislação específica que lhes foi destinada. Discutimos, assim, mediante o exame de petições e peças processuais, as relações estabelecidas entre escravos marinheiros, senhores e locadores, bem como as relações entre estes indivíduos e funcionários de órgãos de justiça ligados à monarquia portuguesa. Argumentamos que no campo móvel de tensões ensejado pelas leis pombalinas – as quais refletiam, em última análise, as lutas entre a primeira e a segunda nobreza –, estas, a despeito de não se constituir num corpus legal abolicionista ou humanitário, tanto poderiam favorecer a senhores como a escravos.
O passado e o presente da África e Europa
Authors: Green Toby
Published: July 2020

Resenha de:BENNETT, Herman L.. African Kings and Black Slaves: Sovereignty and Dispossession in the Early Modern Atlantic. Filadélfia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2019. 240p.
DNA Micro‐Disks for the Management of DNA‐Based Data Storage with Index and Write‐Once–Read‐Many (WORM) Memory Features
Authors: Choi Yeongjae , Bae Hyung Jong , Lee Amos C. , Choi Hansol , Lee Daewon , Ryu Taehoon , Hyun Jinwoo , Kim Seojoo , Kim Hyeli , Song Suk‐Heung , Kim Kibeom , Park Wook , Kwon Sunghoon
Published: July 2020

DNA‐based data storage has attracted attention because of its higher physical density of the data and longer retention time than those of conventional digital data storage. However, previous DNA‐based data storage lacked index features and the data quality of storage after a single access was not preserved, obstructing its industrial use. Here, DNA micro‐disks, QR‐coded micro‐sized disks that harbor data‐encoded DNA molecules for the efficient management of DNA‐based data storage, are proposed. The two major features that previous DNA‐based data‐storage studies could not achieve are demonstrated. One feature is accessing data items efficiently by indexing the data‐encoded DNA library. Another is achieving write‐once–read‐many (WORM) memory through the immobilization of DNA molecules on the disk and their enrichment through in situ DNA production. Through these features, the reliability of DNA‐based data storage is increased by allowing selective and multiple accession of data‐encoded DNA with lower data loss than previous DNA‐based data storage methods.