bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performing Speech Acts
Authors: David Maya Khemlani , Azman Firdaus Aliyyah Nuha Faiqah
Published: January 2021

When we speak we use speech acts. Examples of speech acts include performing greetings, giving compliments and responding to compliments, making complaints and responding to complaints, making and responding to requests, congratulating, and consoling. In English language textbooks we normally see one response to some of these speech acts. For example, “thank you” as a response to a compliment or “good morning/afternoon/evening” as a greeting. As English has become a world language spoken by non-native speakers of English, many non-nativised cultural norms when performing speech acts are noted in real-time interactions. In this chapter, examples of nativised speech acts expressed in acceptable English are drawn from a number of data sources ranging from both real-time interactions, literary sources, which are a reflection of life, and social media, which encompass Facebook, Messenger, WhatsApp messages. Pedagogical ramifications of such authentic real-time data are discussed. The result will be the teaching of the English emerging from localised cultural norms in the speech acts we perform.
Evaluation of Surface Roughness in Wire Electrical Discharge Turning Process
Authors: Mondal Sibabrata , Bose Dipankar
Published: January 2021

This investigation presents an experimental investigation in developing small cylindrical pins in electrolytic tough pitch copper (ETP Cu) material using wire electrical discharge turning (WEDT) to evaluate surface roughness of the cylindrical turning faces. The material ETP Cu is soft in nature and has growing range of application in the field of aerospace and electronics industries for advanced applications. In this process, a customized rotary spindle has been developed and added to five-axis CNC wire electrical discharge machine (WEDM) and straight turning of the cylindrical pin has been done up to a length of 15mm with 0.5mm diameter. Under this investigation, 31 experiments along with two confirmation tests have been carried out to study the influence of four design factors—pulse on time, pulse off time, spindle speed, and servo voltage—on the machining performance of surface roughness by means the technique of design of experiment (DOE).
Heterogeneous Inter-Organizational Social Capital in University-Industry Collaboration for Technology Transfer
Authors: Al-Tabbaa Omar , Nene Ankra
Published: January 2021

The phenomenon of university-industry partnership (UIP) has become a valuable research endeavor. However, examining UIP-related literature shows limited understanding from a social capital (SC) perspective, albeit its relevance. Likewise, it is noticeable that research on inter-organizational SC has been predominantly conducted from the perspective of homogenous organizations (i.e., have consistent expectation, mission, and culture). However, the perspective of social interaction between heterogeneous organizations (i.e., belong to different sectors thus inherently different) is limited. The authors address these two gaps by investigating the idiosyncrasy of SC development in the setting of UIP, as a unique context for heterogeneous inter-organizational SC. They contribute to the literature by exposing the various facets of SC dynamics as evolve in this uncommon domain. Also, the identify four factors as moderating the interaction between the three dimensions of SC that eventually influence the dual processes of technology translation and transfer.
IoT Trends
Authors: K. Suresh
Published: January 2021

The internet of things indicates a kind of system to interface anything with the internet dependent on stipulated conventions through data detecting hardware to direct data trade and correspondences so as to accomplish acknowledgments, situating, figuring out, checking, and organization. IoT empowers various advances about its engineering, qualities, and applications, but what are the future difficulties for IoT? IoT frameworks enable clients to accomplish further mechanization, investigation, and joining inside a framework. They improve the scope of these regions and their precision. IoT uses existing and developing innovation for detecting, systems administration, and apply autonomy. IoT abuses ongoing advances in programming, falling equipment costs, and current frames of mind towards innovation. Its new and propelled components acquire significant changes the conveyance of items, products, administrations, financial, and political effect of those changes.
Creating Social Justice-Minded Digital Media Entrepreneurs
Authors: Clarke Natasha Winston
Published: January 2021

Industry-wise, colleges and universities are currently facing a unique set of circumstances which will last quite some time even after the 2020 Coronavirus pandemic begins to wane. Among those challenges will be questions related to the increased necessity of course design quality and innovation. This is particularly true for programs planning to integrate increased social justice characteristics to their academic/program curricula. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to review existing mass communication education scholarship by incorporating a qualitative-focused, content analysis of materials related to course design, evident teaching practices and avenues which facilitate social justice and media entrepreneurship. Also, this chapter seeks to demonstrate how these pedagogical designs differ from those outside of the communication discipline and what can be gleaned from these similarities and differences. To close, this analysis will make recommendations to benefit students and highlight and distinguish academic program and institutional identity for the future.
Mathematical Optimization by Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Genetic Algorithm, and Differential Evolution and Its Similarities
Authors: Aote Shailendra , Raghuwanshi Mukesh M.
Published: January 2021

To solve the problems of optimization, various methods are provided in different domain. Evolutionary computing (EC) is one of the methods to solve these problems. Mostly used EC techniques are available like Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolution (DE). These techniques have different working structure but the inner working structure is same. Different names and formulae are given for different task but ultimately all do the same. Here we tried to find out the similarities among these techniques and give the working structure in each step. All the steps are provided with proper example and code written in MATLAB, for better understanding. Here we started our discussion with introduction about optimization and solution to optimization problems by PSO, GA and DE. Finally, we have given brief comparison of these.
Neuronal Communication Genetic Algorithm-Based Inductive Learning
Authors: Alaoui Abdiya , Elberrichi Zakaria
Published: January 2021

The development of powerful learning strategies in the medical domain constitutes a real challenge. Machine learning algorithms are used to extract high-level knowledge from medical datasets. Rule-based machine learning algorithms are easily interpreted by humans. To build a robust rule-based algorithm, a new hybrid metaheuristic was proposed for the classification of medical datasets. The hybrid approach uses neural communication and genetic algorithm-based inductive learning to build a robust model for disease prediction. The resulting classification models are characterized by good predictive accuracy and relatively small size. The results on 16 well-known medical datasets from the UCI machine learning repository shows the efficiency of the proposed approach compared to other states-of-the-art approaches.
Cross-Project Change Prediction Using Meta-Heuristic Techniques
Authors: Bansal Ankita , Jajoria Sourabh
Published: January 2021

Changes in software systems are inevitable. Identification of change-prone modules can help developers to focus efforts and resources on them. In this article, the authors conduct various intra-project and cross-project change predictions. The authors use distributional characteristics of dataset to generate rules which can be used for successful change prediction. The authors analyze the effectiveness of meta-heuristic decision trees in generating rules for successful cross-project change prediction. The employed meta-heuristic algorithms are hybrid decision tree genetic algorithms and oblique decision trees with evolutionary learning. The authors compare the performance of these meta-heuristic algorithms with C4.5 decision tree model. The authors observe that the accuracy of C4.5 decision tree is 73.33%, whereas the accuracy of the hybrid decision tree genetic algorithm and oblique decision tree are 75.00% and 75.56%, respectively. These values indicate that distributional characteristics are helpful in identifying suitable training set for cross-project change prediction.
A Secured Predictive Analytics Using Genetic Algorithm and Evolution Strategies
Authors: Krishna Addepalli V. N. , Pandey Shriansh , Sarda Raghav
Published: January 2021

In the banking sector, the major challenge will be retaining customers. Different banks will be offering various schemes to attract new customers and retain existing customers. The details about the customers will be provided by various features like account number, credit score, balance, credit card usage, salary deposited, and so on. Thus, in this work an attempt is made to identify the churning rate of the possible customers leaving the organization by using genetic algorithm. The outcome of the work may be used by the banks to take measures to reduce churning rates of the possible customers in leaving the respective bank. Modern cyber security attacks have surely played with the effects of the users. Cryptography is one such technique to create certainty, authentication, integrity, availability, confidentiality, and identification of user data can be maintained and security and privacy of data can be provided to the user. The detailed study on identity-based encryption removes the need for certificates.
Privacy Preserving Feature Selection for Vertically Distributed Medical Data Based on Genetic Algorithms and Naïve Bayes
Authors: Tarik Boudheb , Zakaria Elberrichi
Published: January 2021

Machine learning is a powerful tool to mine useful knowledge from vast databases. Many establishments in the medical area such as hospitals, laboratories want to join their efforts with the ambition to extract models that are more accurate. However, this approach faces problems. Due to the laws protecting patient privacy or other similar concerns, parties are reluctant to share their data. In vast amounts of data, which are useful and pertinent in constructing accurate data mining models? In this article, the researchers deal with these challenges for vertically distributed medical data. They propose an original secure wrapper solution to perform feature selection based on genetic algorithms and distributed Naïve Bayes. Contrary to the previous solutions, the original data is not perturbed. Therefore, the data utility and performance are preserved. They prove that the proposed solution selects relevant attributes to increase performance, preserving patient privacy.
Applying the Computational Intelligence Paradigm to Nuclear Power Plant Operation
Authors: Tambouratzis Tatiana , Giannatsis John , Kyriazis Andreas , Siotropos Panayiotis
Published: January 2021

In the guise of artificial neural networks (ANNs), genetic/evolutionary computation algorithms (GAs/ECAs), fuzzy logic (FL) inference systems (FLIS) and their variants as well as combinations, the computational intelligence (CI) paradigm has been applied to nuclear energy (NE) since the late 1980s as a set of efficient and accurate, non-parametric, robust-to-noise as well as to-missing-information, non-invasive on-line tools for monitoring, predicting and overall controlling nuclear (power) plant (N(P)P) operation. Since then, the resulting CI-based implementations have afforded increasingly reliable as well as robust performance, demonstrating their potential as either stand-alone tools, or - whenever more advantageous - combined with each other as well as with traditional signal processing techniques. The present review is focused upon the application of CI methodologies to the - generally acknowledged as - key-issues of N(P)P operation, namely: control, diagnostics and fault detection, monitoring, N(P)P operations, proliferation and resistance applications, sensor and component reliability, spectroscopy, fusion supporting operations, as these have been reported in the relevant primary literature for the period 1990-2015. At one end, 1990 constitutes the beginning of the actual implementation of innovative, and – at the same time – robust as well as practical, directly implementable in H/W, CI-based solutions/tools which have proved to be significantly superior to the traditional as well as the artificial-intelligence-(AI)derived methodologies in terms of operation efficiency as well as robustness-to-noise and/or otherwise distorted/missing information. At the other end, 2015 marks a paradigm shift in terms of the emergent (and, swiftly, ubiquitous) use of deep neural networks (DNNs) over existing ANN architectures and FL problem representations, thus dovetailing the increasing requirements of the era of complex - as well as Big - Data and forever changing the means of ANN/neuro-fuzzy construction and application/performance. By exposing the prevalent CI-based tools for each key-issue of N(P)P operation, overall as well as over time for the given 1990-2015 period, the applicability and optimal use of CI tools to NE problems is revealed, thus providing the necessary know-how concerning crucial decisions that need to be made for the increasingly efficient as well as safe exploitation of NE.
The Study of Genetic Type Steganographic Models to Increase Noise Immunity of IoT Systems
Authors: Zaichenko Dmitry S. , Sineva Irina S.
Published: January 2021

Research and development in the field of the Internet of Things, or more generally M2M systems security, is the subject of daily discussion in the ICT market. With the rapid development of intelligent devices, the necessity of valuable information protection has generated many new methods and technologies. Stegoimages, along with genetic algorithms (GA), are a relatively new object in the field of information hiding. The assumption that their application can significantly improve the noise-resistant properties of stegofiles is justified by the properties of the GA, but it is a subject for detailed study, since in such an application the GA has not yet been considered. The proposed method is based on genetic coding that hides messages between Internet of Things devices and is capable of detecting both internal and external attacks in the intellectual infrastructure. A sufficiently high efficiency of preliminary GA coding is shown for objects such as hiding graphic information in a graphic stegocontainer.
An Improved Genetic Algorithm and A New Discrete Cuckoo Algorithm for Solving the Classical Substitution Cipher
Authors: Jain Ashish , Chaudhari Narendra S.
Published: January 2021

Searching secret key of classical ciphers in the keyspace is a challenging NP-complete problem that can be successfully solved using metaheuristic techniques. This article proposes two metaheuristic techniques: improved genetic algorithm (IGA) and a new discrete cuckoo search (CS) algorithm for solving a classical substitution cipher. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed techniques are compared to the existing tabu search (TS) and genetic algorithm (GA) techniques using three criteria: (a) average number of key elements correctly detected, (b) average number of keys examined before determining the required key, and (c) the mean performance time. As per the results obtained, the improved GA is comparatively better than the existing GA for criteria (a) and (c), while the proposed CS strategy is significantly better than rest of the algorithms (i.e., GA, IGA, and TS) for all three criteria. The obtained results indicate that the proposed CS technique can be an efficient and effective option for solving other similar NP-complete combinatorial problems also.
Genetic Algorithm Influenced Top-N Recommender System to Alleviate New User Cold Start Problem
Authors: Sharon Moses J.  , Dhinesh Babu L.D.
Published: January 2021

Most recommender systems are based on the familiar collaborative filtering algorithm to suggest items. Quite often, collaborative filtering algorithm fails in generating recommendations due to the lack of adequate user information resulting in new user cold start problem. The cold start problem is one among the prevailing issue in recommendation system where the system fails to render recommendations. To overcome the new user cold start issue, demographical information of the user is utilised as the user information source. Among the demographical information, the impact of the user gender is less explored when compared with other information like age, profession, region, etc. In this work, a genetic algorithm-influenced gender-based top-n recommender algorithm is proposed to address the new user cold start problem. The algorithm utilises the evolution concepts of the genetic algorithm to render top-n recommendations to a new user. The evaluation of the proposed algorithm using real world datasets proved that the algorithm has a better efficiency than the state of art approaches.
Decision Tree Trust (DTTrust)-Based Authentication Mechanism to Secure RPL Routing Protocol on Internet of Battlefield Thing (IoBT)
Authors: Kannimuthu Prathapchandran , Thangamuthu Janani
Published: January 2021

Providing security on the internet of battlefield things (IoBT) is a crucial task because of various factors such as heterogeneous, dynamic, and resource-constrained devices. Besides, authentication is essential, and it ensures the initial level of security in the network; therefore, ensuring authentication of various interconnected battlefield sensors/devices is the primary attention for the military applications. With this idea in mind, in this paper, a trust model that uses a decision tree to identify and isolate the misbehaving battlefield thing in the IoBT environment is proposed. The decision tree is the predictive modeling and machine learning technique that provides an accurate estimation for selecting authenticated nodes in IoBT by addressing the rank attack by the way security of IoBT environment can be ensured. The mathematical model shows the applicability of the proposed work. The simulation results show the proposed model is better than the existing routing protocol for low power lossy network (RPL) and the protocol which is similar to the proposed one.
Performance Analysis of Naïve Bayes Classifier Over Similarity Score-Based Techniques for Missing Link Prediction in Ego Networks
Authors: Gupta Anand Kumar , Sardana Neetu
Published: January 2021

Keywords Ego Network, Link Prediction, Machine Learning, Performance Analysis, Similarity Score, Social Network
Effect of Quantity of Industrial Waste on Eco-Friendly Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Mazumder Endow , Prasad M. L.V.
Published: January 2021

The primary goal of this work is to report the results of the experimental outcome of Geopolymer concrete (GEO-C) which is prepared and cured at room temperature. GEO-C is prepared using a blend of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGSG) and F Class Fly Ash, and the replacement is ranged from 0% to 100% of binder material, to find the optimum dosage of binder material. Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3) which are alkaline in nature, used primarily as an activating agent for the polymerization process of geopolymer. Experiments were conducted on samples by fixing the NaOH concentration as 14M for optimum strength and the alkaline activator ratio is fixed as one. Mechanical properties of GEO-C like compressive strength, rupture modulus (i.e. flexural strength), and split tensile strength were evaluated at the ages 7, 14, 28 days. From the results, it is observed that with the addition of GGSG in the blend the compressive, flexural, and tensile strength increase but there is a drastic reduction in the workability of the mixture.
Contribution of Factors such as Machining Parameters, MQL Nozzle Orientation (Angle & Distance) and MQL Nano-Fluid Type on Surface Finish of Turned Steel Work-Pieces Using DOE Approach
Authors: Veerabhadrarao Miriyala , Patil Bhushan T. , Shaikh Vasim A. , Sudhakar D.S.S.
Published: January 2021

Study of input factors play a vital role in controlling of process responses such as surface finish, cutting temperature, energy consumption etc. in machining process. Design of Experiment (DOE) is one such tool used by researchers to identify the key factors and levels and optimize the process.An attempt was made to identify and experiment turning of AISI 4340 steel using 6 factors viz. cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut, MQL nozzle orientations (distance from the cutting tool-chip interface, nozzle angle) and different cutting fluid (Coolant). The response variable selected for study was surface roughness of the work-piece which needed to fit criteria smaller-the-better. L25 Orthogonal Array-OA design was selected for 6 factors and 5 levels. Comparison of results of average responses of different levels of factors, analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the process is detailed. Experimental results showed that the key contributors in the turning process are due to cutting speed, feed and depth of cut covering from 12% to 40%. The major contributor to the process was the cutting speed. Selection of MQL fluids and nozzle orientation contributed to 10% showing least significance.This experiment helps us to understand the importance of machine cutting conditions as key success factors which can be assisted with MQL fluids and other input factors.
Effects of Hover Symbology Display Scaling on Performance and Workload
Authors: Erazo Fabian , Jennings Sion , Ellis Kris , Etele Jason
Published: January 2021

Rotorcraft symbology can provide pilots with the flight information necessary to replace the visual cues lost when operating in degraded visual environments. However, tuning symbology for effective use is a time-consuming process as it generally requires considerable in-flight testing and extensive trial and error. In this work, two experiments are conducted to assess how changes in the display scaling of a position–velocity–acceleration architectured symbology set affects pilot performance and workload. In the first experiment, participants attempt a modified single-axis precision hover using a simulated helicopter and nonconformal symbology set while display parameters relating to acceleration, velocity, and position cue scaling are varied. Performance is measured using the root mean square of the position error relative to a target location, and participant workload is assessed using their cyclic control activity and Bedford ratings. In the second experiment, an analytical pilot-in-the-loop simulation is conducted to validate the performance results obtained in the first experiment and to investigate the underlying system characteristics that contribute the observed trends. For the implemented symbology and Bell UH-1H model, the results from both experiments concur that a combination of low-to-mid range acceleration cue scaling and mid-to-high range position cue scaling enable strong performance without inflating workload. Results indicate an insensitivity to velocity vector scaling, likely due to the symbology architecture and nature of the control task. The results of these experiments establish a predictable relationship between display scaling and pilot response, which can aid in streamlining the tuning process for similarly-styled symbology, helicopter and task envelope combinations.
Blood Flow Restriction Training
Authors: Lorenz Daniel S. , Bailey Lane , Wilk Kevin E. , Mangine Robert E. , Head Paul , Grindstaff Terry L. , Morrison Scot
Published: January 2021

Muscle weakness and atrophy are common impairments after musculoskeletal injury. Blood flow restriction (BFR) training offers the ability to mitigate weakness and atrophy without overloading healing tissues. It appears to be a safe and effective approach to therapeutic exercise in sports medicine environments. This approach requires consideration of a wide range of factors, and the purpose of our article is to provide insights into proposed mechanisms of effectiveness, safety considerations, application guidelines, and clinical recommendations for BFR training after musculoskeletal injury. Whereas training with higher loads produces the most substantial increases in strength and hypertrophy, BFR training appears to be a reasonable option for bridging earlier phases of rehabilitation when higher loads may not be tolerated by the patient and later stages that are consistent with return to sport.
Incidental chest computed tomography findings in asymptomatic Covid-19 patients. A multicentre Indian perspective
Authors: Ramanan Rochita V , Joshi Anagha R , Venkataramanan Akash , Nambi Senthur P , Badhe Rashmi
Published: January 2021

In December 2019, an unprecedented outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology emerged called COVID-19. A vast number of people affected by this disease are asymptomatic and yet contagious with up to 79% of COVID-19 infections reportedly caused by undocumented infections. Surprisingly, these asymptomatic subjects are also known to quietly harbor pneumonia changes on CT scans. RT-PCR, the definitive test for COVID-19, maybe false negative in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia on CT. Incidental findings highly suspicious of COVID-19 pneumonia on CT chest of asymptomatic patients may increase as the community transmission of the virus rises and isolation restrictions are released. It is advisable to be aware of its appearances and the challenges associated with it.
Comparing a deep learning model’s diagnostic performance to that of radiologists to detect Covid -19 features on chest radiographs
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Sabitha , Ramakrishnan Sudhakar , Colaco Lanson Brijesh , Dias Akshay , Gopi Indu K , Gowda Gautham AG , Aishwarya KC , Ramanan Veena , Chandran Manju
Published: January 2021

Background: Whether the sensitivity of Deep Learning (DL) models to screen chest radiographs (CXR) for CoVID-19 can approximate that of radiologists, so that they can be adopted and used if real-time review of CXRs by radiologists is not possible, has not been explored before. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a doctor-trained DL model (Svita_DL8) to screen for COVID-19 on CXR, and to compare the performance of the DL model with that of expert radiologists. Materials and Methods: We used a pre-trained convolutional neural network to develop a publicly available online DL model to evaluate CXR examinations saved in .jpeg or .png format. The initial model was subsequently curated and trained by an internist and a radiologist using 1062 chest radiographs to classify a submitted CXR as either normal, COVID-19, or a non-COVID-19 abnormal. For validation, we collected a separate set of 430 CXR examinations from numerous publicly available datasets from 10 different countries, case presentations, and two hospital repositories. These examinations were assessed for COVID-19 by the DL model and by two independent radiologists. Diagnostic performance was compared between the model and the radiologists and the correlation coefficient calculated. Results: For detecting COVID-19 on CXR, our DL model demonstrated sensitivity of 91.5%, specificity of 55.3%, PPV 60.9%, NPV 77.9%, accuracy 70.1%, and AUC 0.73 (95% CI: 0.86, 0.95). There was a significant correlation (r = 0.617, P = 0.000) between the results of the DL model and the radiologists’ interpretations. The sensitivity of the radiologists is 96% and their overall diagnostic accuracy is 90% in this study. Conclusions: The DL model demonstrated high sensitivity for detecting COVID-19 on CXR. Clinical Impact: The doctor trained DL tool Svita_DL8 can be used in resource-constrained settings to quickly triage patients with suspected COVID-19 for further in-depth review and testing.
Prescribers’ Adherence to Treatment Guidelines for Uncomplicated Malaria in Primary Health Centres in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Suleiman I. A. , Dandyson S. T. , Ganiyu K. A. , Oyeyemi A. S.
Published: January 2021

Background: Malaria, though preventable and treatable, remains a disease with unacceptably high mortality in Nigeria. Effective and prompt treatment of uncomplicated cases reduces progression to severe disease, development of drug resistance, and cuts the costs of the disease.Objective: To assess adherence by prescribers to recommended treatment (based on National Treatment Guideline) for uncomplicated malaria in primary health centres (PHCs) in the eight Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Bayelsa State, Nigeria.Methods: A retrospective review of case notes and prescription sheets for suspected malaria cases treated at 28 PHCs within a year of data collection was done. Relevant data about the prescribers, the patients, and the antimalarial drugs prescribed were collected and analyzed as appropriate.Results: A total of 2,303 case notes of patients attending PHCs were examined over the study period. A high proportion of malaria (1422, 61.7%) was observed among the 2,303 cases. The median age (years) of adults was 28.0 (IQR = 14), and for children of 0-5, 2.0 (IQR = 2.17). Majority of those treated were females (792, 55.7%) and children (967, 68.0%). Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) were the most prescribed antimalarials (961, 67.6%), followed by artemisinin monotherapies in 23.8% of cases. Proportion of treated cases of malaria that could be considered rational across the LGAs was 67.6%.Conclusion: Adherence of prescribers to National Treatment Guidelines of uncomplicated malaria in PHCs in Bayelsa State was below the required standard, with continued usage of obsolete agents, such as artemisinin monotherapies. Training on case management for prescribers at this level of care is urgently needed.

Keywords: Antimalarial drugs, Malaria, Primary Health Centres, Community Health Workers, Bayelsa State.
A Survey of Computerization of Selected Community Pharmacies in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Awogbemi K. J. , Olaniyi R. T. , Erhun W. O.
Published: January 2021

Background: The use of computers has had impact in all professions including pharmacy. Computers have found lots of application in the management of inventories, electronic prescribing and counting machines for tablets and capsules.Objective: This research was designed to identify the types of technology devices and programs in use by community pharmacies, capabilities of software in use, as well as to identify the challenges faced by community pharmacists in the use of computerized systems in their premises.Method: A cross-sectional survey of 217 community pharmacies in 6 Southwestern Nigerian states was done using a set of questionnaires. Data gathered was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 17.Results: Some community pharmacies in Southwestern Nigeria used inventory management software (47.0%). The reported capabilities of the software packages in use included sales processing (99.0%), account processing (88.2%) and POS link (62.7%). The reasons why some community pharmacies have not computerized their outlets were erratic power supply (56.2%), high cost of the devices (48.4%) and low turnover (35.9%). The major challenges faced by community pharmacists in the use of computer devices in their premises included erratic power supply (90.2%) and high cost of fuel (83.3%).Conclusion: The level of computerization of community pharmacies in Southwestern Nigeria was observed to be generally low. Erratic power supply and cost of device were major challenges to the computerization of community pharmacies in Southwestern Nigeria.

Keywords: Community Pharmacy, Software, Computerization
Determination of in vitro rumen digestibility and potential feed value of tiger nut varieties
Authors: Ayaşan T. , Sucu E. , Ülger I. , Hızlı H. , Cubukcu P. , Özcan B.D.
Published: January 2021

Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.), or chufa, is a plant that is found in nature and is cultivated for its edible tubers. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition, nutritive value, and in vitro digestibility of three tiger nut varieties using the in vitro gas production technique. These varieties were Sarışeker (yellow), Introduction 1, and Balyumru (brown). Rumen fluid was obtained from two cannulated Holstein animals. Time-dependent in vitro gas production was monitored at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours of incubation. The varieties differed in dry matter (DM), crude ash (CA), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), and non-fibre carbohydrate (NFC) content (P <0.05). They also differed in the instantaneous volume of gas produced and in time-dependent gas production. Balyumru produced more gas at the onset of incubation than Introduction 1 and Sarışeker. However, over time, the gas produced by digestion of Introduction 1 exceeded the other two varieties. The amounts of gas produced at each time-point were intercorrelated. It is recommended that these results should lead to further evaluation in in vivo studies.

Keywords: chemical composition, energy content, in vitro gas production
Performance and egg quality of commercial laying hens fed with various levels of protected sodium butyrate
Authors: Pires M.F. , Leandro N.S.M. , Jacob D.V. , Carvalho F.B. , Oliveira H.F. , Stringhini J.H. , Pires S.F. , Mello H.H.C. , Carvalho D.P.
Published: January 2021

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of including protected sodium butyrate (PSB) in the diets of laying hens of advanced age on productive performance and egg quality. In experiment 1, a total of 320 Dekalb White 61-week-old laying hens were distributed in a randomized block design to four treatments (0, 105, 210, and 300 g/ton of PSB) with eight replicates of 10 birds. The experiment was conducted over 112 days, divided into four periods of 28 days each. Productive performance and egg quality were evaluated. In experiment 2, a total of 58 000 Dekalb White 70-week-old laying hens were assigned to diets containing either 0 or 105 g/ton of PSB with two replicates of 14 500 birds. The experiment was conducted on a commercial poultry farm. Egg production and the percentages of broken eggs and dirty eggs were evaluated. The PSB levels did not influence the productive performance of laying hens. A quadratic effect was observed for eggshell thickness, percentage of eggshell and eggshell strength, reaching maxima at 193, 136 and 198 g/ton of PSB, respectively. A quadratic effect on yolk index reached a minimum at 181 g/ton of PSB. The percentages of dirty eggs and broken eggs were lower in laying hens fed 105 g/ton of PSB. In conclusion, the addition of PSB to the diets of old laying hens improved the eggshell quality and decreased the percentage of broken and dirty eggs

Keywords: egg quality, laying hens, organic acids, performance, protected sodium butyrate
Dietary supplementation with chitosan oligosaccharide affects serum lipids and nutrient digestibility in broilers
Authors: Tufan T. , Arslan C.
Published: January 2021

This research was conducted to determine the effects of supplementation of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on the growth performance, blood parameters, carcass traits, fatty acid composition of breast meat, and apparent nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. A total of 375 one-day-old Ross 308 male chicks were allocated to a control diet (T1) or diets supplemented with 50 ppm (T2) and 100 ppm (T3) of COS. There were five replicates of 25 chicks for each treatment. All the experimental birds were fed a starter (days 1 - 4), grower (days 15 - 28), and finisher diet (days 29 - 42). No differences were detected among treatments for live weight, gain, feed intake or feed conversion, except that feed intake was depressed in T3 during the grower period. Serum total protein and albumin levels did not differ among the treatments. Serum total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and triglyceride concentrations were reduced significantly by supplementation with COS, whereas the high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration was significantly lower only for T2 relative to T1. The dressing percentage was significantly higher for T2 and T3 than for T1. Fatty acid composition of the breast meat was unaffected by the treatments. The digestibility of the diet and some of its constituents was affected in a graduated manner by the addition of COS. Thus, supplementation of broiler diets with COS improved carcass yield and had a hypolipidemic effect in improving the serum lipid profile

Keywords: carcass, digestibility, hypolipidemic effect, performance
Trabalhadoras do campo no semiárido baiano: o impacto da sua renda na qualidade de vida da família extensa
Authors: Oliveira Lucia Marisy Souza Ribeiro de , Cunha Andrews Rafael Bruno de Araujo , Marques Victor Thomas
Published: January 2021

A partir da década de setenta, as transformações ocorridas na região do submédio São Francisco com a implantação dos projetos de irrigação nos municípios de Juazeiro – Bahia e Petrolina – Pernambuco, favoreceram o ingresso da mulher do campo no mercado de trabalho assalariado, trazendo modificações na composição interna da força de trabalho, o que motivou esse estudo para avaliar o impacto dos recursos injetados na família a partir dessa realidade para a qualidade de vida dos seus membros. A pesquisa de natureza quanti-qualitativa foi  realizada  no  município  de  Juazeiro  nos  projetos  irrigados  Mandacarú  e  Maniçoba  e  nos distritos Massaroca e Vale do Salitre.
Entrevista com Paulo Tavares
Authors: Hasegawa Aline Y. , Caminati Chico
Published: January 2021

Paulo Tavares é um arquiteto e urbanista brasileiro formado pela UNICAMP. Desde 2008 vive entre São Paulo e Londres, onde realizou um estudo sobre o ar – as implicações epistemológicas da mediação técnica de sua gestão geopolítica – junto ao programa de Mestrado em Arquitetura do Centro de Pesquisa em Arquitetura (CPA), Goldsmiths - Universidade de Londres. Atualmente está na fase final de elaboração de uma tese sobre conflitos territoriais/ecológicos na Amazônia, também sendo realizada no CPA, com apoio da CAPES. Lecionou na escola de ar-quitetura da London Metropolitan University, e desde 2008 é professor do programa de mestrado em arquitetura do CPA. Seus textos foram publicados em diversos meios em diferentes países, incluindo Piseagrama e Outras Palavras (Brasil), Nada (Portugal), Alfabeta2 (Italia), Cabinet Magazine (EUA), entre outras. Seu último projeto, intitulado “Direitos não-humanos”, está em exibição na exposição Animismo, Casa das Culturas do Mundo, Berlim.
Resumo de Dissertações
Authors: Editorial Conselho
Published: January 2021

Resumo das dissertações defendidas em 2008 no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia da Universidade Federal de São Carlos - Campus de São Carlos.
Regozijai-vos na fé: estudos sobre o sagrado e o profano
Authors: Oliveira Victor Hugo Neves de
Published: January 2021

A pesquisa tem por escopo discutir os entrecruzamentos entre devoção e diversão nas ações e significações produzidas pelo corpo em movimento no âmbito do culto; localizando, assim, possibilidades de discursos significativos sobre o ato de fé e(m) festa e analisando as relações entre sagrado e profano nos espaços de arte e religiosidade popular.
Teorias democráticas diante da nova gramática de organização da sociedade e da relação entre o Estado e a Sociedade
Authors: Toledo Rodrigo
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo aborda as concepções teóricas democráticas reformuladas diante da nova gramática social em que atores emergiram clamando por demandas sociais reprimidas a partir da segunda metade do século XX. Desenvolveu-se, neste trabalho, uma abordagem sobre as principais contribuições das dimensões da concepção democrática. Como resultado, apresentamos que as inovações  institucionais, advindas do processo de uma institucionalidade da democracia, constituíram um ideal participativo e inclusivo de grupos sociais, até então, apartados do processo político-decisório.
História da arte e das ciências humanas: palcos para lutas linguísticas
Authors: Seabra Murilo Rocha
Published: January 2021

O presente texto explora brevemente alguns aspectos da história da arte, da história da historiografia e da história da geografia do século XX, tentando mostrar que as definições de cada um desses campos estão mais para investidas militares do que para degravações de suas respectivas essências ou naturezas. Ao mesmo tempo, constrói-se um modelo ou estilo de análise que talvez possa ser estendido para outros campos e fenômenos. A última seção trata de uma investida militar específica que serve para conferir  aparência epistêmica aos textos. Ela é identificada como a estética da austeridade.
Apresentação - De vãos à vitrines: olhares sobre as cidades
Authors: Melo Felipe Athayde Lins de
Published: January 2021

VOLUME 3 / NÚMERO 1 (JANEIRO / JUNHO – 2014)
Burocratas do Nível de Rua: uma análise interacionista sobre a atuação dos burocratas na linha de frente do Estado
Authors: Araújo Filho Tarcísio Perdigão
Published: January 2021

Este artigo contém reflexões sobre as principais características e peculiaridades da chama- da “burocracia do nível de rua”. Policiais, assistentes sociais, agentes de fiscalização são exemplos de integrantes dessa categoria analítica por se constituírem como uma das principais interfaces do Estado perante os cidadãos. Estes trabalhadores vivenciam limitações, dificuldades e pressões semelhantes para desempenharem suas funções, principalmente porque, estão em constante relacionamento direto com os cidadãos. Por isso, busco neste artigo lançar mão da literatura da sociologia interacionista como um aprofundamento teórico que suporte novas reflexões acerca dos efeitos e do valor dos momentos de interação entre burocratas do nível de rua e seu público para a implementação dos serviços públicos.
Passado e presente: a contemporaneidade das lutas sociais do campo
Authors: Reis Tainá
Published: January 2021

O conjunto de artigos aqui apresentados articula a memória, mas aquela silenciada, a subterrânea, a não-oficial num debate sobre a contemporaneidade das diversas lutas sociais no campo, pensando passado e presente sob diferentes perspectivas. Além disso, problematizam o modo como a questão agrária e as ruralidades fazem parte da realidade social, não como resquício de um passado esquecido, mas como expressão contemporânea das transformações no mundo social, na qual passado e presente estão em constante relação e são imprescindíveis para uma compreensão sobre os processos sociais contemporâneos.
Imagens que relampejam: reminiscências das lutas sociais dos canavieiros nos imaginários sociológicos de estudantes secundaristas, Leme - SP
Authors: Aroni Rafael
Published: January 2021

Recentemente, no Estado de São Paulo observa-se progressiva diminuição dos postos de trabalho de canavieiros, influenciada pela mecanização e pelo Protocolo Agro-Ambiental do Setor Canavieiro Paulista, de 2008. Frente à ideologia do progresso que opera pelo apagamento de processos de embate entre capital e trabalho, aventou-se o desafio de perscrutar a memória coletiva sobre as lutas sociais, empreendidas por essa categoria, na década 1980. Objetivou-se o processo de rememoração da greve dos trabalhadores canavieiros de 1986, no município de Leme/SP, a partir das imagens sociais aprendidas por estudantes secundaristas, alguns filhos da primeira ou segunda geração de trabalhadores rurais. A metodologia empregada foi a pesquisa e leitura de matérias de jornais do período para a elaboração de painéis de ideias.
As entrevistas semiestruturadas na pesquisa de campo: algumas considerações sobre o corte da cana-de-açúcar no noroeste paulista
Authors: Sabadin Ana Carina
Published: January 2021

A proposta deste texto é apresentar alguns trechos, reflexões e dificuldades acerca do trabalho de campo realizado em minha pesquisa de iniciação científica, focada na produção sucroalcooleira, mais precisamente no corte da cana-de-açúcar, marcado pela coexistência do trabalho manual e do mecanizado. O estudo foi situado no Noroeste Paulista, locus da expansão recente desta produção, no qual seria possível, sobretudo, contrastar as propostas de incentivo à “modernização” do setor com as práticas ainda utilizadas, reconhecidas pela degradação social do trabalho dos cortadores de cana. Buscou-se, com isso, primeiramente, elucidar as motivações econômicas que perpassam a escolha do tipo de produção a ser seguido no corte da cana-de-açúcar, para, colocar à prova a hipótese de que existem determinações políticas, sociais e culturais que também norteiam as estratégias do setor sucroalcooleiro e, por consequência, a coexistência desses dois tipos de corte. Esta pesquisa resultou em meu trabalho de conclusão de curso, intitulado de “Política e Sociedade: Estudo sobre as motivações não econômicas do corte da cana no Noroeste Paulista”, orientado pelo Prof. Dr. Rodrigo Constante Martins.
A etnografia como recurso para relativizar conceitos e categorias identitárias: uma análise do trabalho de Cláudia Fonseca e a influência de Malinowski em sua prática etnográfica – Vilas Cachorro Sentado e São João
Authors: Souza Daygles Maria Ferreira de
Published: January 2021

Este artigo é resultado de um estudo bibliográfico e procura demostrar a importância da prática etnográfica, enquanto recurso que possibilita a relativização de conceitos e categorias identitárias, por meio da análise sobre a pesquisa etnográfica de Cláudia Fonseca, realizada nas Vilas Cachorro Sentado e São João, demostrando a sua relação com os princípios do método etnográfico de Malinowski. Neste sentido o foco da abordagem na Vila Cachorro Sentado é a “questão da honra e as categorias em suas dimensões individual e social”, e na Vila São João é “o humor ácido e as relações de gênero”. Em ambas as abordagens, apresentam-se algumas passagens da prática etnográfica de Cláudia Fonseca que demonstram claramente a influência da etnografia de Malinowski.
Entre o feminino imemorial e a recusa ao feminismo: debatendo pornografia feminista com “mulheres modernas”
Authors: Ribeiro Carolina
Published: January 2021

Este artigo, fruto da dissertação de mestrado, vai debater algumas categorias como homossexualidade, feminismo e corporalidades a partir da pornografia feminista da diretora, produtora e escritora Erika Lust, utilizando da visão de quatro mulheres curitibanas que participaram do grupo focal realizado no ano de 2013, no qual foram exibidos dois filmes de Lust em duas diferentes sessões e depois conduzido um debate aberto. As questões que norteiam a análise aqui desenvolvida são: quais as principais mensagens da pornografia feminista de Lust? Como essas mensagens foram compreendidas pelas mulheres do grupo focal? O que esses dados podem nos dizer sobre sexualidade, corporalidade e subjetividades?
Por uma pedagogia queer da amizade
Authors: Cornejo Giancarlo
Published: January 2021

Esse híbrido ensaio/narrativa busca dar conta da sobrevivência de um sujeito “queer”, especificamente uma criança trans que viveu em Lima, no Peru, nas décadas de 1950 e 1960. Meu arcabouço teórico pode ser simples, mas a sobrevivência dessa criança trans certamente não o foi. Esse ensaio argumenta que, em sua sobrevivência, a amizade exerceu papel vital.