bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yaşlılarda Polifarmasi ve Akılcı İlaç Kullanımına Aile Hekimliği Yaklaşımı
Authors: ELKİN Nurten
Published: September 2020

Yaşlılık büyüme ve gelişmenin devam ettiği bir ileri yaşam sürecidir. Yaşlılık ve yaşlanma tüm dünya ve ülkemiz için gittikçe önemi artan bir demografik olgudur. Bu nedenle sağlık sorunları önem kazanmaktadır. Yaşlanma ile birlikte organ fonksiyonları azalırken, kronik hastalık sayısında artış olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu durum çoklu ilaç kullanımını da beraberinde getirmektedir. Aynı anda en az dört ilacın kullanımı olarak tanımlanan polifarmasi, yaşlının yaşam kalitesini artırmayı hedefleyen geriatrik ve gerontolojik yönetimde güncel çalışma alanlarından birisidir. Yaşlıdaki ilaç tedavisinin de temel amacı, yaşlının akut ve kronik hastalıklarının tedavisi, bağımlılıklarının önlenmesi ya da en aza indirgenmesi ve yaşam kalitesinin maksimum düzeye çıkarılmasıdır. Bu nedenle yaşlı hastaya kullandığı her ilaç tıbbi açıdan gerekli olduğu takdirde ilaç sayısında kısıtlamaya gidilmeksizin tedavi planı uygulanabilir. Zorunlu ilaçların reçete edilmesi ve kullanılması dışında akılcı ilaç kullanımı yaklaşımı benimsenmelidir. Akılcı ilaç kullanımı; bireylerin klinik bulgularına ve bireysel özelliklerine göre uygun ilacı, uygun süre ve dozda en düşük maliyetle ve basit bir kullanım yoluyla kullanabilmelerini sağlamaktır. Çalışmanın amacı; özellikle birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinin sunulduğu Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerinde çalışan aile hekimleri ve aile sağlığı elemanlarının; hizmet verdikleri kayıtlı yaşlı nüfusun geriatrik değerlendirmelerini periyodik olarak yapmaları ve bu değerlendirme kapsamında hastanın kronik hastalıkları belirlenerek ve kayıt altına alınarak yaşlıların kullanmaları gereken ilaç tedavilerinde akılcı ilaç kullanım prensiplerine göre hastaya, yakınına ya da bakım veren kişi ya da kuruma gerekli bilgilendirme ve danışmanlıkların yapılması konusunda farkındalık oluşturmaktır.
Hemşirelikte Kuram ve Modele Dayalı Lisansüstü Tez Çalışmalarının İncelenmesi
Authors: TÜREN Sevda , ATAKOĞLU Rahime , MADENOĞLU KIVANÇ Meral , GÜL Asiye
Published: September 2020

Amaç: Hemşirelik kuram ve modellerine dayalı tasarlanan araştırmalar, hemşirelik bilgi birikimine katkı sağlamakla birlikte hemşirelik uygulamalarını da geliştirir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ülkemizde hemşirelik alanında kuram ve modele dayalı yapılan lisansüstü tez çalışmalarının nitelik ve niceliğinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Çalışmanın örneklemini 2009-2019 yılları arasında Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu (YÖK) veri tabanına yüklenmiş, online tam metnine ulaşılabilen, hemşirelik kuram ve modellerine dayalı tasarlanmış 43 lisansüstü tez (11 yüksek lisans, 32 doktora) çalışması oluşturmuştur. Değerlendirme Fawcett ve Gigliotti’nin kuram/model kullanımında tanımladıkları basamaklar göz önünde bulundurularak yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmaya dâhil edilen tüm araştırmaların etik kurul onayının alınmış olmasına dikkat edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaların çoğunlukla (%74,4) doktora tez çalışmalarından oluştuğu ve kullanılan modellerin başında sağlık inanç modeli (%25,0) ve adaptasyon modelinin (%22,5) yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmaların sıklıkla Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği (%27,9) alanında yapıldığı görülmüştür. Doktora çalışmalarının %62,5’inde (n=20) kullanılan kuram veya modelin kavram, kuram ve deneysel yapısının belirtilmediği saptanırken; yüksek lisans çalışmalarında bu oran %63,6 (n=7) olarak belirlenmiştir. Altı çalışmada (%14) aynı kuram veya model kullanılarak yapılmış benzer çalışmaların sonuçlarına yer verilmediği, sadece iki doktora çalışmasında (%4,7) kullanılan kuram veya modelin zayıf yönleri ve uygulamasında yaşanan zorlukların açıklandığı saptanmıştır.Sonuç: İncelenen çalışmalarda, hemşirelik araştırmalarında kural ve model kullanımının sınırlı olduğu, kuram ve model kullanımı basamakları doğrultusunda bir standardizasyonun olmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Peran Pendidikan Islam Dalam Dinamika Politik Kebangsaan di Indonesia (Telaah Pendidikan Pasca Kemerdekan, Ode Baru dan Reformasi)
Authors: Nabil Nabil
Published: September 2020

Pendidikan sudah sepatutnya menentukan masa depan suatu negara. Bila visi pendidikan tidak jelas, yang dipertaruhkan adalah kesejahteraan dan kemajuan bangsa. Visi pendidikan harus diterjemahkan ke dalam sistem pendidikan yang memiliki sasaran jelas, dan tanggap terhadap masalah-masalah bangsa. Karena itu, perubahan dalam subsistem pendidikan merupakan suatu hal yang sangat wajar, karena kepedulian untuk menyesuaikan perkembangan yang disesuaikan dengan perkembangan zaman. Sudah seyogyanya sistem pendidikan tidak boleh jalan di tempat, namun setiap perubahan juga harus disertai dan dilandasi visi yang mantap dalam menjawab tantangan zaman. Di Indonesia, berubahnya subsistem pendidikan (kurikulum, UU) biasanya tidak ditanggapi dengan antusiasme, namun malah sebaliknya membuat masyarakat ragu apakah penguasa di Indonesia memiliki visi pendidikan yang jelas atau tidak. Visi pendidikan diharapkan mampu menentukan tujuan pendidikan yang jelas. Karena, tujuan pendidikan yang jelas pada gilirannya akan mengarahkan ke pencapaian kompetensi yang dibutuhkan serta metode pembelajaran yang efektif. Dan pada akhirnya, kelak pendidikan mampu menjawab tuntutan untuk mensejahterakanÂ  masyarakat dan kemajuan bangsa
Reaksi Agama dan Budaya Dalam Dimensi Perencanaan Kepemimpinan di Dunia Pendidikan
Authors: Sadari Sadari
Published: September 2020

Agama yang bersumber dari Allah Swt, kemudian agama bereaksi menjadi kecerdasan spiritual dalam kehidupan masyarakat, kemudian dihidupkan dalam bentuk ritual ibadah. Selanjutnya ritual ibadah dalam beragama dipahami manusia sebagai salah satu aspek budaya. Dari situlah dimensi kepemimpinan akan terencana melalui pemahaman agama, terlebih bila dikaitkan dengan dunia pendidikan.  Perbedaan agama dan budaya terlihat dari sebuah proses yang berbeda, agama dipahami dari proses vertikal, sedangkan budaya dipahami dari proses horizontal. Agama bersifat spiritual sedangkan budaya bersifat akal, sehingga menurut sistem sosial budaya manusia disebut al-Insan yang memiliki akal pikiran, mampu mengembangkan budaya yang berdampak luas terhadap kehidupan dan lingkungan di permukaan bumi. Kemampuan akal pikiran dapat dinyatakan juga sebagai kemampuan budaya, memiliki makna yang tinggi bagi manusia sebagai makhluk hidup. Aspek-aspek atau komponen-komponen materi seperti ruang, alam semesta, bangunan, pakaian, peralatan dan non-materi semisal pengetahuan, kepercayaan, nilai, sikap, makna, hirarki, agama, peranan, merupakan suatu sistem yang disebut sistem budaya.Sistem budaya merupakan rangkaian hubungan komponen-komponen budaya sebagai ungkapan prilaku, perbuatan, dan tindakan manusia sebagai makhluk budaya. Namun demikian, dalam mekanisme budaya tersebut, tidak terpisahkan dari hubungan antara manusia sebagai makhluk sosial yang menghubungkan antar individu, antara individu dengan kelompok, dan antara kelompok dengan kelompok manusia lainnya. Di sini terbentuk suatu tatanan yang dikonsepkan sebagai sistem sosial. Sistem ini terbentuk, sebagai akibat hubungan sosial antar komponen-komponen.
Au cœur des cycles du cacao et des conflits en Afrique de l’Ouest
Authors: Ruf François
Published: September 2020

Pourquoi l’économie cacaoyère du Ghana n’a jamais généré de conflit armé équivalent à celui de la Côte d’Ivoire ? L’abondante revue de la littérature, combinée à l’analyse des flux de migration à des échelons régionaux, éclaire l’imbrication des cycles du cacao, des institutions locales et des structures politiques. À l’indépendance, en Côte d’Ivoire, le boom cacaoyer et les politiques se forgent autour d’une stratégie de migration et de conquête des terres, aux dépens des autochtones, peu nombreux, peu organisés, avec une montée en puissance des migrants. Au Ghana, le boom cacao précède largement l’indépendance ; le pouvoir politique combat ou ménage certaines chefferies autochtones mais ne soutient pas les migrants. Les communautés de planteurs sont plus diversifiées, moins dépendantes des Burkinabés et moins imbriquées au politique.
South Africa’s Land Ownership System as a Barrier to Social Transformation
Authors: Andrew Nancy
Published: September 2020

Racially based land ownership continues to create conflict, and like the capitalist system it anchors, has blocked meaningful social transformation since the end of formal apartheid. Failed land reform is partly a reflection of global processes increasingly shaping dynamics within South Africa and other countries, accelerating the concentration of land ownership and agriculture, with a sharp downward effect on the rural poor. Through the prism of the extensive displacement of farm labour families from white commercial farms, based on two periods of research since 1996, the article looks at the social relations of property and production, as well as the conflicts between owners and farm labour – labour tenants and farmworkers. They centre on farm owners’ strong opposition to tenure reform and land rights, illustrating not only the social impact but the barriers to change that these relations help to maintain.
Reducing Nursing Specimen Collection Errors
Authors: Embree Jennifer L. , Onuorah Esther , Kitchens Jennifer , Smith Cammie , Hazlett Teresa , Arebun Julie
Published: September 2020

Specimen labeling errors in health care are costly. Using multiple educational interventions reduced specimen labeling errors and cost. Strategies included collaborative development of educational posters, compelling specimen mislabeling error stories, posting labeling results monthly, and providing real-time charge nurse notification of mislabeled/unlabeled specimens. Nurse educators can easily teach staff to implement these strategies.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(10):450–452.]
Training Where and When It Is Needed: In Situ Simulation Using a Traveling Education Cart
Authors: Wilfong Donamarie N. , Daniel Laura H. , Justus McAtee Therese M.
Published: September 2020

Background:

In recent years, simulation educators have focused on in situ simulations wherein they bring education to providers' workplaces in efforts to reduce clinical disruptions and eliminate travel costs. However, these efforts have remained unfulfilling as education rooms must be secured and other providers must replace those attending the on-site education.

Method:

The authors propose a super mobile educational modality wherein simulation education is brought to workplaces on a cart. This traveling education cart trains individuals or small groups on one topic or skill at a time, offering learners quick, on-the-job training and refreshers without the need for educational rooms or fill-ins. Education happens whenever there is a need and wherever the cart will fit.

Results:

Results reveal that the succinct education offered by this cart is effective and well-received.

Conclusion:

This study presents a novel training modality in an efficient, noninvasive, yet effective means for health care providers that may be replicated in other hospitals.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(10):465–468.]
Sumping's Up: A Multidisciplinary Educational Initiative on Gastric Drainage Tubes
Authors: Saunders Rachel N. , Kelly-Schuette Kathrine A. , Davis Alan T. , Koehler Tracy J. , Gayed Benjamin N. , Durling Luke T. , Chapman Alistair J. , Gibson Charles J.
Published: September 2020

Background:

Nasogastric tube placement is widely taught, and tube maintenance relies on astute nursing care with adherence to both institutional and evidence-based recommendations. However, precise adherence to current recommendations relies on knowledge base regarding the identification of malfunctioning gastric drainage tubes. Troubleshooting skills are crucial in maintaining patient safety and recognizing malfunction.

Method:

Educational sessions on nasogastric and orogastric decompression tube management, led by a surgical intensive care fellow at a level 1 trauma center, were offered to critical care nurses. A presession and postsession survey evaluated the nurses' subjective and objective knowledge and comfort with naso/orogastric decompression tube management.

Results:

Ninety-seven critical care RNs participated. For all questions, the proportion of correct answers significantly increased from presession survey to postsession survey (
p
< .001). Ninety-seven percent of all participants found the session to be very helpful.

Conclusion:

Physician-led educational sessions on naso/orogastric decompression tube management were well-received and improved subjective and objective measurements of nurses' knowledge and comfort level with gastric decompression tubes.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(10):484–488.]
Assessing Argumentative Writing Skills in Online Environments among Arabic Language Teachers of Grades 5 to 7 in UAE Schools
Authors: Alwaely Suad Abdelkareem , Lahiani Hanene
Published: September 2020

The study at hand aims at identifying the argumentative writing skills among Arabic language teachers in online environments. The need for acceptance and the readiness of teachers to work independently in a digital environment is now especially great since students are familiar with electronic technology. Peculiarities of teaching the Arabic language require increased attention to learning writing and confident knowledge from teachers. Argumentative writing is important for teachers precisely in terms of its use to motivate students in e-learning and increase their engagement. Research paper points to the relationship between teachers’ writing skills and students’ advancement in writing when learning Arabic, especially as a foreign language. To achieve the purpose of the study, the descriptive method was applied. The sample of the study consisted of 120 teachers of UAE primary schools (40 male and 80 female), who were chosen randomly. The instrument of the study is a questionnaire divided into seven areas of argumentative writing. The study evaluates writing skills closely related to the effectiveness of presenting information to an online audience and in preparing e-learning programs. The results show that the argumentative writing skills in Arabic language teachers are moderate. There are statistically significant differences on the argumentative writing skills attributed to the gender variable in favor of the females. There are no statistically significant differences among the sample participants ascribed to qualification variable. Finally, there are statistically significant differences on argumentative writing skills ascribed to the experience variable, in favor of 10 years of experience or more. The authors also offered recommendations for the application of research results and for further research in this area.
Evaluation Model and Enhancement Strategies for Teaching Reform Capacity of Art Courses in Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Miao Lin
Published: September 2020

In higher vocational colleges, the teaching reform of art courses faces complex problems, namely, the evaluation system is imperfect, and the evaluation model involves complex calculations. To solve these problems, this paper strives to enhance the teaching reform capacity of art courses in higher vocational colleges. Firstly, the factors affecting the said teaching reform were identified. Next, an index system was established to evaluate the teaching reform capacity. The index system was integrated with the gray theory into an evaluation model of the teaching reform capacity. Based on the evaluation results, several strategies were put forward to enhance the teaching reform capacity. The research results provide a good reference for higher vocational colleges to reform the teaching of art courses.
Transformational Leadership and Performance
Authors: Hendrastuti Farida , Setiawan Doddy
Published: September 2020

This research seeks to examine the effect of transformational leadership on performance with self-efficacy and work engagement as the mediating variables. The sample is local government financial managers in Surakarta City, Central Java Province, Indonesia, with 438 usable questionnaires. The study predicts and finds that that transformation leadership positively affects performance. In particular, transformational leadership increased the ability to achieve higher performance. Further, the study also shows that self-efficacy and work engagement mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and performance. The findings highlight the importance of leadership style to achieve higher performance. Thus, leaders with transformational leadership are better able to motivate their employees to achieve better performance.
Director Attendance at Board Meetings and Executive Compensation Evidence From Malaysia
Authors: Baccouche Samir , Béjaoui Azza , Souissi Khouloud
Published: September 2020

This chapter attempts to examine the effect of directors' attendance at meetings on the board's effectiveness in mitigating executive expropriation practices, especially excessive compensation. For this end, the authors employ a multiple regression model within a sample of Malaysian firms over the period 2008-2013. The results show that the attendance of directors at board meetings affects the executive compensation negatively. Board members who attended meetings frequently are more able to monitor managers' practices continuously and effectively. Hence, they can diminish the possibility of expropriation and decrease the excessive pay. The findings also show that increasing board meetings frequency and strengthening nominating and compensation committees' independence reinforce the board's monitoring effectiveness in reducing executive expropriation behavior.
Corporate Social Responsibility and the Possibility of Private Transnational Governance in Competition Law
Authors: Phan Thanh C.
Published: September 2020

Under economic globalization, anti-competitive acts transcend national borders and become a challenge for competition law as traditionally conceived. Most countries have been dealing with cross-border competition problems by using two basic methods: unilaterally extending national competition law's jurisdiction to acts conducted in foreign territory and cooperating in enforcing competition law. However, while the unilateral enforcement of competition law harms international comity, international cooperation in this area is constrained by conflicting national interests. Against the backdrop of such limits of statist mechanisms, this chapter examines the role of multi-national corporations in the enforcement of national competition law at a transnational level. It argues that when a multi-national corporation internalizes competition laws of countries as standards for its behaviors, the corporation can provide a mechanism to project those national laws at the transnational level by exercising its private power in a socially responsible way.
Ludens Familias
Authors: Gonsalves Edward , Zamora Ricardo
Published: September 2020

Many business schools and other family business education providers have over the last 15 years been authoritatively criticised for a lack of innovation and adaptability in their pedagogical designs. The increasing economic participation of international family businesses in developed, developing, and emerging markets in the decade after the global financial crisis of 2008/9 has extended this critique. This chapter proposes a play-based response to such criticism and a pathway for ‘leaning into' the future demands of family business education (FBE). The authors suggest that a play-based approach re-dresses some of the above imbalances. The chapter draws on the development of an expansive, activity-based framework for playful learning designs. As an example of their approach, the authors use their method-based reconfiguration of traditional (family business) case-studies into live, ‘ludic objects' (RETS-MICA), to demonstrate ways in which and play affords MBA, family business learners the opportunity to build their entrepreneurial competencies in-situ.
The Sustainability of Informal Entrepreneurs
Authors: Ramraj Andrisha Beharry
Published: September 2020

This chapter will examine the role of different stakeholders towards alleviating the constraints towards the growth of informal entrepreneurship. The stakeholders that will be investigated include the government, consumers, and the private sector. This study will comprise of a literature review that explores the challenges that affect the growth of informal entrepreneurship. While exploring these factors the role played by different stakeholders to alleviate the challenges are identified and analysed. A methodology that is based on desktop qualitative research, key findings, and discussions are examined, and conclusions based on the acquired research are drawn.
Developing Authentic Leadership and Fostering Social Entrepreneurial Innovation
Authors: Knox Matthew Wayne , Crawford Joseph , Kelder Jo-Anne
Published: September 2020

Despite their inherent complexity, social entrepreneurs seek to create social innovation to stem society's wicked problems. To do so requires a balanced consideration of varying social expectations, all while trying to lead a sustainable enterprise. Educators look to equip the social entrepreneur with the right skills and mindset; with program failure, sadly, more common than not. This chapter seeks to explore the commonalities of such failures, highlighting the importance of behavioral development and facilitating an effective learning environment. Following an investigation into the notion of social entrepreneurship, authentic leadership is identified as a response some of the shortcomings of contemporary entrepreneurship education. The incorporation of authentic leader behaviors in entrepreneurial education can offer an injection as the social entrepreneur seeks to address the various challenges of social enterprise.
Trolling in the Cultural and Creative Industries
Authors: Mendonca Avina , D'Cruz Premilla , Noronha Ernesto
Published: September 2020

This chapter presents an international state-of-the-art literature review of abusive trolling experienced by workers in the creative and cultural industries (CCIs), bringing target experiences and organizational/occupational perspectives to the forefront and contributing to the still-evolving understanding of trolling. The abusive trolling encountered by creative and cultural workers essentially reflects workplace cyberbullying at the interpersonal level stemming from external sources, as captured by D'Cruz and Noronha's ‘varieties of workplace bullying' framework, and provides evidence for the category-based cyber abuse at the workplace. Apart from discussing the responses of creative and cultural workers to abusive trolling, interventions employed to manage trolling in the CCIs are reviewed and future research directions are forwarded.
Social Media Bullying in the Workplace
Authors: Herron Marcia Marie
Published: September 2020

Research has identified the prevalence and characteristics of workplace bullying, yet little research has specifically considered workplace cyberbullying. Therefore, in the present study, 49 employees across U.S. workplaces completed online surveys about workplace cyberbullying. Findings suggested that cyberbullying occurred across ethnicities and ages and more frequently reported by women. Women were also more often cyberbullying perpetrators. Cyberbullying persisted from a few days, 43%, to more than a year, 22%. Most reported bullying by more than one coworker, M = 2.41 (6.27), yet only in one workplace. Most victims had no warning signs that cyberbullying would arise. Many reported substantially decreased motivation and productivity from the cyberbullying. Despite known best preventive practices and costs of workplace bullying, most workers believed their companies lacked clear steps for reporting cyberbullying; of those who reported, most felt unsafe doing so, and many, 43%, indicated that reporting did not stop the cyberbullying.
Individual, Social, and Occupational Effects of Cyberbullying During Adolescence
Authors: Yurdakul Yeşim , Beyazıt Utku , Bütün Ayhan Aynur
Published: September 2020

Technological developments enable adolescents to establish crowded peer groups through communication over extensive social networks that are difficult to supervise. However, inappropriate and unsupervised use of information and communication technologies can make adolescents the target of behaviors related to cyberbullying. Cyberbullying and victimization have severe negative effects on individuals' social, academic, and emotional lives. The negative effects of cyberbullying can be experienced more intensely during adolescence as a result of the changes occurring in the cognitive developmental field. The cyberbullying experienced in adolescence is also a predictor of bullying behaviors in social relations and professional lives as adults. The effects of bullying behaviors in adulthood can be an indication of the long-term effects of cyberbullying. Taking this as the starting point, this chapter aims to examine the types, prevalence, short and long-term effects of cyberbullying behaviors during adolescence.
Welcome to Academia, Expect Cyberbullying
Authors: Snyder-Yuly Julie L. , Patton Tracey Owens , Gomez Stephanie L.
Published: September 2020

Academic contrapower harassment occurs when those with less perceived power harass someone with more power. Cyberbullying as contrapower occurs when students express varying levels of incivility and bullying through assorted online mediums such as email, online evaluations, or social media sites. This project examines the experiences of three faculty women with different racial/ethnic backgrounds, age differences, years in the academy, and at different levels within their career, and explores the connection between sexism and racism that persist in academic settings. Experiencing varying levels of cyberbullying the authors have found departments, administration, and universities fail to provide training or policies to protect faculty from student bullying behaviors. The concept of hegemonic civility is used to illustrate how the actions of students and inaction of administrators uphold the hegemonic order.
Professor and Victim
Authors: Weiss Adam
Published: September 2020

Colleges and universities increasingly depend on technology to facilitate communication and course delivery. As a consequence of this heightened technology usage, cyberbullying now occurs frequently on college and university campuses. College faculty often become victims of cyberbullying due to their visible and active roles as educators and academics. Traumatic cyberbullying incidents cause significant emotional and physical distress for faculty victims. As such, cyberbullying can drastically interfere with faculty's work. The chapter discusses the various forms in which faculty experience cyberbullying in the higher education workplace. The chapter then identifies the perpetrators of this form of cyberbullying—specifically, students, fellow faculty members, administrators, and members of the general public. Next, the chapter sheds light on the negative psychological, professional, and physical consequences resulting from cyberbullying incidents. Finally, the chapter offers several policy suggestions to curtail cyberbullying on higher education campuses.
Workplace Cyberbullying and Cross-Cultural Differences
Authors: Salazar Leslie Ramos , Garcia Nancy , Diego-Medrano Elsa , Castillo Yvette
Published: September 2020

This chapter provides an overview of cultural factors that contribute to the understanding of workplace bullying and cyberbullying including gender, race, ethnicity, disability, and sexual orientation. Each of these cultural factors explain the dynamics that occur among cyberbullies, cybervictims, and cyberbystanders. Additionally, because there has been a lack of theoretical incorporation in the workplace bullying and workplace cyberbullying literature, this chapter provides an overview of three intercultural communication theories including conflict face negotiation theory, intercultural workgroup communication theory, and anxiety uncertainty management theory. Recommendations and future directions are also offered to encourage the application of intercultural communication theories in explaining and predicting workplace cyberbullying behavior.
In-Person Video and Peer-Delivered Approaches to Cyberbullying Prevention
Authors: Doane Ashley N.
Published: September 2020

In this chapter, the researcher evaluated the short-term efficacy of two theory of reasoned action-based cyberbullying prevention programs in college student samples using different methods of delivery. In Study 1 (N = 335), immediately following a cyberbullying video prevention presentation during class, attitudes and injunctive norms regarding all four types of cyberbullying (i.e., malice, deception, public humiliation, and unwanted contact), intentions to engage in malice, willingness to engage in malice and deception, and empathy toward victims for three forms of cyberbullying, improved. Most differences remained at one-month follow-up. In Study 2 (N = 80), the author evaluated a live skit-based version of the Study 1 prevention program in a voluntary event setting. Attitudes and injunctive norms toward malice, deception, and public humiliation and intentions and willingness to engage in malice decreased, whereas cyberbullying knowledge increased pre- to post-test. Both video-based and peer-led cyberbullying programs may benefit adults. Workplace implications are discussed.
Impact of Violence in Movies on Juvenile Delinquency
Authors: Saeed Naima , Rehman Tansif Ur , Usmani Mehmood Ahmed
Published: September 2020

Studies encompassing media-effects are a prime subject for social science scholars worldwide. The dilemma lies in the very fact that in Pakistan this issue of great significance has not been paid proper attention. Juvenile delinquency is one of the major issues that cause a great hindrance in the social progress of any society. It not only creates anxiety and aggression in youth, but also turns productive humans into a destructive force against family, society and nation. This research endeavors to discover the consequences of violence in movies with respect to Pakistani youth and uncovering a connection between subjection to such type of content and consequently criminal propensities. Publicized research has examined media effects with a variety of consequences; this research has empirical evidence that exhibits the very fact that violence in the media causes delinquency, thus promoting criminal behavior, especially within the context of Pakistani society.
The Role of Teachers and School Leaders in K-12 School Violence
Authors: Lamphere Renee D. , Lucas Kweilin T.
Published: September 2020

While data regarding school violence are gathered on a regular basis, noticeably missing from the literature are incidents that involve violence directed toward K-12 teachers and school leaders. The scarce evidence that does exist regarding this phenomenon suggests that this population is targeted more often than one may think, and they suffer from great harm as a result of various violent behaviors such as harassment, verbal threats and intimidation, bullying, property offenses, and physical attacks. Since very little is known about violence that is directed toward K-12 teachers and school leaders, there is a significant need for more research in this area in order to provide a more comprehensive view of school violence and to develop policies and formulate effective solutions. Addressing these issues will not only allow teachers and school leaders to perform to the best of their abilities, but school environments will be safer so that learning can take place without the interruption of violence.
“What If Goodness Ruled the World?”
Authors: Silton Nava R. , Riley Patrick
Published: September 2020

This chapter describes how the Realabilities Comic Book Series and the Addy & Uno Off-Broadway Musical feature five characters with disabilities, who harness the special strengths-associated with their disabilities (Autism, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Visual, Hearing and Physical Disability)-to save their school from bullies. The intent of the following five studies was to utilize pre-post-test designs to examine the efficacy of various iterations of a musical and/or a full comic book series curriculum in enhancing typical children's empathy, cognitive attitudes on the adjective checklist (ACL) and behavioral intentions on the shared activities questionnaire (SAQ) towards children with disabilities. Following the musical and/or comic book series curriculum, the participants showed significantly improved behavioral intentions and improved cognitive attitudes towards children with disabilities. These findings help demonstrate how creative programs like these may foster empathy and serve as a useful antidote to counter negative attitudes towards individuals with disabilities.
Empathetic and Collaborative Climate in the Classroom
Authors: Dominguez Maria Medina , Rivilla Antonio Medina , Medina Conchita
Published: September 2020

Educational institutions are complex and uncertain organizations, living situations and relationships of interaction based on reflection, collaboration and achieve valuable educational goals, but sometimes such relationships become distressed, generating aggression, tension and mistrust that prevent the consolidation of a climate of emotional harmony, empathy and understanding between people of school. This chapter aims to answer the following questions: What kind of relationships should be built in order to build a climate of harmony, empathy and full coexistence among all members of the classroom? Theoretical basis for identifying protective factors, to work the most appropriate climate of empathy in the classroom that stresses the importance of clear rules, enthusiasm and emotional balance, as well as a real involvement of the entire educational community against processes and factors such as harassment, exhibit aggressive behavior, lack of supervision, etc., all of them understood as risks.
Mediation in Schools
Authors: Rotarescu Violeta Stefania
Published: September 2020

Communication generates situations that end up in getting an easy outcome—mutual understanding of people involved in the act—or a rising awareness of the differences between them. Consequences vary, but sometimes they could lead to conflicts. Some settings, like schools, due to specific constraints and requirements, are prone to increase the level of frustration of people and, thus, of conflictual situations. They need to have an as-easy-as-possible way of dealing with conflict in a peaceful manner. Peer mediation, as a negotiation technique, is one of the most efficient ways of dealing with conflicts whenever these appear. It is even more important when we speak about conflicts between children. This chapter reviews some relevant issues regarding conflict and its impact on school climate and presents the idea of implementing peer mediation in a different cultural school setting as a way of improving the educational environment and results.
Examining the Drivers of Success in the Peace Foundation Aotearoa/New Zealand Peer-Mediation Programs
Authors: Barruel Christina Ann , Nissanka Marie
Published: September 2020

The 2016 evaluations of New Zealand's Cool Schools and the leadership through peer mediation (LtPM) programs revealed positive results regarding improved self-esteem among peer mediators, increased perceptions of safety in the schooling environment, and increased conflict resolution and interpersonal communication skills. This chapter highlights the contribution of these peer-mediation programs. The authors then turn to problems, inequalities, and peace education practices within the New Zealand schooling environment to explain how the Cool Schools and LtPM programs are relevant in solving wider societal problems. The chapter finally focuses on examining the drivers of success in both programs and the broader ethos of the Peace Foundation Aotearoa/New Zealand, which enables its success.
Effect of the Soil Inclination on Natural Convection in Half-Elliptical Greenhouses
Authors: Taloub Djedid , Bouras Abdelkarim , Driss Zied
Published: September 2020

A numerical study of the natural convection of laminar heat transfers in the stationary state in a half-elliptic inclined cavity, which represents a continuation of the work done, we studied the influence of the tilt of the cavity by varying the angle — entered 0 degrees, which corresponds to the horizontal cavity, up to 15 degrees. For each value of δ we varied the Rayleigh number from 2.13 103 to 106. The system of equations governing the problem solved numerically by the fluent calculation code based on the finite volume method. Based on the Boussinesq approximation. Both bottom and upper walls maintained at a constant temperature. The interest of this study is to see the influence of the tilt of the half-elliptic cavity on the structure of the flow and the distribution of temperature. These results can exploited in semi-elliptic agricultural greenhouses that rest on sloping soils. We chose a Prandtl number 0.71 that corresponds to the air. Keywords: Heat transfer; half-elliptical; Natural convection; Laminar flow; Multicellular; CFD simulation
Formação docente continuada e multimodalidade sob a perspectiva de professores de línguas de uma escola pública
Authors: Pinheiro Michelle Soares , Araújo Antonia Dilamar
Published: September 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é diagnosticar conhecimentos e práticas docentes sobre multimodalidade antes e depois de uma formação continuada com professores de Linguagens e Códigos numa escola pública de Ensino Médio de Fortaleza-CE. O referencial teórico compreende os eixos temáticos: formação docente continuada (GIMENEZ, 2006; VIEIRA- ABRAHÃO, 2010), multimodalidade e letramento multimodal crítico (KRESS; VAN LEEUWEN, 2006; CALLOW, 2008). A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa descritiva com análise qualitativa ao aplicarmos questionários de sondagem aos professores sobre saberes e práticas acerca da multimodalidade, letramento multimodal crítico e livro didático. Os resultados sinalizam que os professores colaboradores 3 , após a formação continuada, passaram a planejar e desenvolver práticas de letramento com os livros didáticos para instigar as dimensões afetiva, composicional e crítica do Show me framework (CALLOW, 2008) com os estudantes em sala de aula, contemplando a interpretação de palavras e imagens. Essa constatação pode indicar uma sensibilização para uma reflexão dos professores sobre sua própria prática docente na escola.
Emojis como nova estratégia de captação no discurso publicitário
Authors: De Assis Terra Marcia Figueiredo , Da Silva Rebello Ilana
Published: September 2020

Hoje, a cada instante, somos surpreendidos com os avanços na área de comunicação que, consequentemente, afetam a linguagem. A publicidade é o meio de comunicação em massa que se reinventa e busca comunicar de maneira cada vez mais eficaz e sedutora, renovando- se, constantemente, ao adotar novas estratégias. Presentes em nossas conversas diárias em redes sociais e em aplicativos de conversa instantânea, os emojis captam os consumidores, justamente por serem para a publicidade uma forma criativa e divertida de apresentar um produto ou uma marca. Tendo isso em mente, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo investigar a função dos emojis e os imaginários sociodiscursivos evocados em duas peças publicitárias, veiculadas entre os anos de 2015 e 2018, sob à luz da teoria Semiolinguística de Análise do Discurso, desenvolvida por Patrick Charaudeau. Para tal análise, serão consideradas as noções de sujeitos do ato de linguagem, o processo de semiotização do mundo, o contrato de comunicação, bem como a noção de imaginários sociodiscursivos. A análise preliminar vem demonstrando que, ao serem utilizados, a partir de imaginários que o interlocutor tem do social, os emojis configuram uma estratégia de captação. Por fim, com este trabalho, esperamos contribuir com as pesquisas no campo da comunicação humana e das ciências da linguagem.
Professor, Ética e Rede social
Authors: De Aragão Áurea Machado , De Santana Alves Willamis
Published: September 2020

As redes sociais se transformaram em populares comunidades virtuais, onde diversos usuários estão conectados diariamente. Contudo, pesquisas apontam que seu uso, inclusive do Facebook, trouxe um crescimento elevado de casos de preconceitos e intolerância. Assim, é relevante a discussão do Facebook não apenas como um espaço de entretenimento, mas também como um ambiente virtual que  disponibiliza ferramentas de exposição da vida social dos sujeitos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste artigo foi refletir acerca de postagens de professores no Facebook sobre discentes da educação infantil. O trabalho se desenvolveu através da pesquisa de algumas postagens do Facebook como objeto analítico para método de investigação de cunho qualitativo, a observação foi direta, sistemática e não participativa, baseada em teorias de autores como James (2014), Bauman (2011) e Comparato (2006), além de normatizações do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (1990) e da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil (1988). Gradativamente, veem-se casos de crianças que desfrutam de perfis em redes sociais, e quando elas não são usuárias de uma conta, familiares ou terceiros continuam a propagar seus feitos, hábitos ou atividades por meio de postagens na rede, isto facilita a criança ser vítima de casos de ciberbullying e pedofilia. Observou-se a necessidade de legislação relacionada a conflitos de direitos dos internautas menores e adolescentes alicerçada na sua vulnerabilidade como se apresenta no ECA e na Constituição brasileira. Políticas públicas de cunho preventivo e educativo na assistência de seus interesses que lhes garantam exposição mais segura nas redes sociais.
Multiletramentos na Escola
Authors: Da Silva Raul Gomes , Neves Jefferson Expedito
Published: September 2020

Este texto apresenta considerações sobre relações de gênero e identidade feminina a partir de reflexões acerca da abordagem da pedagogia dos multiletramentos e dos letramentos críticos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de estudantes de uma escola pública do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande-MS. As ações desenvolvidas tiveram como propósito substancial o trabalho com um conjunto variado de gêneros discursivos, como representação gráfica, desenho, videografia, ilustração, dentre outros, a fim de construir com os discentes práticas de linguagem e de letramentos mais inclusivos e  igualitários para o sujeito feminino. Com o intuito de efetivar esse objetivo, buscou-se suporte teórico na concepção de multiletramentos de Rojo (2009) (2012) e de multimodalidade de Ribeiro (2016), no que tange à utilização de múltiplas semioses textuais no ambiente educacional. Além disso, foram empregadas as proposições de Butler (2017) e Colling (2014) (2015), no que diz respeito à temática de gênero e identidade. Pretendeu-se contribuir com pautas que pudessem favorecer ressignificações discursivas e sociais historicamente construídas a respeito da categoria de mulher, bem como pôr em relevo a emergência das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC’s) na produção, reprodução e difusão de (hiper)textos no ensino, em especial, de língua portuguesa, conforme preconizam os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (1998) (2000). Os resultados obtidos demostram que as composições dos estudantes podem oferecer dados capazes de contribuir para dirimir desigualdades e difundir textos verbovisuais de alta circulação social.
Trends in the development of transportation education
Authors: Garanin M. A.
Published: September 2020

The rapid development of the transport industry requires the operation of technically complex systems and high-tech equipment. This is typical for all types of transport. The publications of a number of experts are considered, according to which the industry transport universities of the Russian Federation are assigned a leading role in the innovative development of transport. The features of industry transport education, foreign models of staffing in the transport industry are analyzed. The author’s map of the distribution of major transport universities in the world and universities that have transport faculties is presented. Analysis of expert opinions, trends in the field of vocational education and the characteristics of industry transport education, made it possible to identify trends in the development of transport education: blurring the boundaries between transport educational programs (EP); increasing the role of additional EP in the field of transport; increased demand for individual EP, implemented using the means of electronic information educational systems; development of forms of cooperation and collaboration of universities implementing programs in the field of transport; the emergence of new professions in the field of transport; demand for new competencies needed to solve non-routine analytical and non-routine interpersonal tasks. The key factor in the influence of education on technological development and economic growth is the quality of education. In this regard, the content of the EP in the field of transport becomes relevant. In the EP in the field of transport, it is necessary to take into account the following trends and technologies: acceleration of digitalization; development of virtual and augmented reality; automation of the entire life cycle; new materials; the emergence of new transport systems and supply chains; development of low-carbon and carbon-free energy systems.
Selina Todd, El pueblo. Auge y caída de la clase obrera (1910-2010) (2018)
Authors: López Rodrigo
Published: September 2020

Reseña de Selina Todd, El pueblo. Auge y caída de la clase obrera (1910-2010), Madrid, Ediciones Akal, 2018, 540 pp.
Los trotskistas y la cuestión nacional en la Argentina de los años 40: la Liga Obrera Revolucionaria y el Partido Obrero de la Revolución Socialista
Authors: Rojo Alicia
Published: September 2020

Este artículo aborda el debate que se estableció entre el Partido Obrero de la Revolución Socialista, formado tras la unificación de varios grupos trotskistas, y la Liga Obrera Revolucionaria dirigida por Liborio Justo (Quebracho) desde la formación del primer agrupamiento a fines de 1941 hasta los albores del golpe de estado de 1943. En esta polémica se discutió el carácter y la dinámica de la revolución en los países semicoloniales dominados por el imperialismo, la llamada “cuestión nacional”.
Fracaso educativo, un asunto sin atender en educación
Authors: Corzo Rodas Nancy del Carmen
Published: September 2020

El presente artículo es un análisis respecto a las condiciones que orillan a los estudiantes de la carrera de contador público y auditor al fracaso educativo, aquí se comparte la información recabada como producto de la investigación denominada factores socio-económicos del fracaso educativo en la carrera de contador público y auditor del centro universitario de Sololá CUNSOL-USAC, ello se empleó un proceso metodológico cualitativo, que permitió establecer las condiciones sociales y económicas que dan origen al fracaso educativo, en un solo corte de tiempo y bajo un tipo descriptivo de investigación.  Se pudo identificar el problema, derivado de la progresiva disminución de la matrícula educativa que se observa en cada cohorte abierta a partir del año 2013 y se justifica este estudio a partir de la identificación de numerosas situaciones que llevan a los alumnos a desertar o reprobar asignaturas del pensum de estudios, que al no ser atendidas oportunamente derivan en el fracaso educativo. Finalmente se determinó que los factores sociales y económicos más relevantes relacionados al fracaso educativo son de carácter laboral, como: los extensos horarios de trabajo y la necesidad de permanecer en el empleo para proteger su ingreso económico, además del agotamiento físico y mental que implica ser un estudiante trabajador, dichas condiciones les impide atender con puntualidad y eficacia los asuntos académicos propios de la carrera que cursaban.
Oswaldo Holguín. Tiempos de infancia y bohemia; R. Palma.
(1833-1860). Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial. Lima,1994. 735 p
Authors: Lohmann Villena Guillermo
Published: September 2020

Reseña:
Oswaldo Holguín. Tiempos de infancia y bohemia; R. Palma.
(1833-1860). Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial. Lima,1994. 735 p.