bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Effect of Pay Satisfaction for Job Performance of University Teachers in China: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Work Engagement
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Cui Fang , Song Jaehoon , Bai Jie
Published: December 2024

Under the macro environment of education development and the pressure of competition among higher education institutions, how to improve the pay satisfaction of university teachers and maximize the effectiveness with limited school resources and education investment, so as to attract and motivate outstanding talents, has become a major focus for the improvement of university teachers’ pay system. The motivation and performance of university teachers deeply affect the quality of teaching and research output in universities. The pay incentive system is an integral part of human resource management, and the pay satisfaction of college teachers affects their commitment to their work and their sense of belonging to their schools and thus their willingness to contribute to their schools.
This study theoretically summarizes and analyzes the relevant literature and theories, systematically reviews the domestic and international research results on the concepts and interrelationships related to this study as well as the latest research development directions, proposes the article research content and specific research methods, and then plans the overall research line of the article. In exploring the mechanism of the influence of pay satisfaction and job performance in higher education, the role of work engagement mediating variables was added to construct a research model of the variables of interest and further develop the research hypothesis. In this paper, a questionnaire was used to investigate the problem using SPSS25.0 and AMOS25.0. The empirical analysis was conducted by using SPSS25.0 and AMOS25.0 software, and the correlations between the variables were obtained, and the significant correlation between pay satisfaction and job performance and the mediating role of job commitment between pay satisfaction and job performance were demonstrated. Based on the findings obtained, several references are targeted, aiming to improve college teachers’ pay satisfaction to enhance college teachers’ job performance, provide a basis and theoretical support for college administrators’ relevant decisions, enrich the theory of education economics, and expand the research field of human capital theory.
A Study on the Moderation Effect of Innovative Culture in the Relationship between Venture Company’s Leadership, Organizational Justice and Job Satisfaction in Venture Firms
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Hwang In-Deog , Jung Chan-Koo
Published: December 2024

In this study studied the job satisfaction from the perspective of individuals or employees of Start-up. This is because of the critical role of employees in managing and implementing daily tasks of Start-up. This study aims to explore leadership and organizational justice as factors that affect job satisfaction.
This study is to explore between the leadership role of entrepreneurs, organizational justice and job satisfaction of employees, also it is examining the moderating effect of innovation culture. A quantitative approach was used to test the hypotheses and data were collected through the online questionnaire tool. The data selected employees from ventures newly established within the past five years and finally collected 427 questionnaires. This study used the analysis methods including frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, hierarchical regression analysis through a SPSS statistical package program.
The results are summarized as follows. First, entrepreneurial leadership has a significantly positive effect on job satisfaction. Second, distribution justices and procedural justice has a significantly positive effect on job satisfaction. Third, the influence of entrepreneurial leadership and distribution justice on job satisfaction depends on the level of innovation culture and the moderating effect was confirmed. Four, the influence of distribution justice on job satisfaction depends on the level of innovation culture and the moderating effect was confirmed. This paper provides implications for start-up leaders that entrepreneurial leadership is an effective style of leadership and distribution justice plays a crucial role which accompanies the development of venture.
A Study on the Antecedents, Outcomes, and Moderating Effect on Career Aspiration of Organizational Career Retain
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Kim Byung-Woo , Yang Sung-Kuk
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on enhancing organizational effectiveness and maintaining the jobs and careers of organizations’ members from the viewpoint of companies in the current business environment and labor market amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and the introduction of the fourth industrial revolution. Studies on embeddedness had previously focused on the employees changing jobs, but they have since been expanded to explore the reasons pertaining to why employees choose to stay in an organization rather than leaving. This study highlights the interactions between employees and groups when performing tasks and focuses on the associations that encourage employees to form an attachment with the company, both of which are important aspects of embeddedness that reflect the social web of organizations’ members. It also examines taking charge behaviors and psychological withdrawal behaviors with respect to work the performance of employees to enhance organizational effectiveness. Furthermore, this study verifies the moderating effect of career aspiration as a variable that reflects the mediating effect of organizational career retain and individuals’ characteristics with regard to human resources and career management, which are core issues involving an organization and its members.
A self-report survey of the employees working in private and public companies in Jeju Island was conducted to empirically analyze the hypotheses set in this study. Overall, 220 responses were used for the analysis. The results showed that organizational career retain had a partial mediator effect on the relationship between embeddedness (link) and taking charge behaviors. However, there was no significant mediating effect on the relationship between embeddedness (link) and psychological withdrawal behaviors. Moreover, there was no significant moderating effect of career aspiration, which was initially expected to strengthen the relationship between embeddedness (link) and organizational career retain. Lastly, theoretical and practical implications of this study’s findings are discussed along with its limitations and future research tasks.
A Study on the Evaluation and Revitalization of May 18 Related Data from the Perspective of the Korean Armistice Agreement : Focusing on the People's Daily
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Shin Jeongho
Published: December 2024

The text summarizes about 100 pieces of data related to the 5·18 uprising on the Chinese side and their significance. It was written in the hope of paying more attention to Chinese data in order to expand domestic and foreign exchanges through 5·18 research and 5·18. I order the content of the Chinese data. Contents can be planned in abundance from the establishment of a simple archive of historical materials to the publication of Korean texts and documentary video production. In addition to these time organizing tasks, the memories of the democratization movement have abundant contacts with the genres of spatial content composition, including dark tourism, Olle Trail, space composition, and urban regeneration, which are popular these days.
Research on content development of historical materials should not be solely for commercial or commercial purposes. Rather, it should contribute to designing a better future by organizing the reality of history and reviving the noble spirit of democracy today. And this is a very important task in that it will be able to develop into very valuable content in that it provides an opportunity for the Chinese authorities to self-reflect on the voices of the people demanding democratization in Hong Kong and other regions. In particular, Korea's history of democratic development provides many implications for late capitalist developing countries, so it is more desirable if joint work between Korea and China is possible.
The Gwangju People's Uprising was a legitimate democratic movement of Gwangju citizens who resisted the new dictatorship of the new military, which ended the long-running military dictatorship and made it impossible to democratize Korea.
The U.S. State Department or the U.S. Department of Defense recently testified in a statement that the U.S. Department of Security has released a secret document to investigate the anti-democratic order and the role of the U.S. commander in command of the U.S. peacekeeping operations. It cannot be denied that these efforts are helping to find the truth.
China's 5·18 data should be reviewed with the basic conditions of the Cold War, such as the Armistice Agreement, National Martial Law, China's 11th National Congress, the 3rd Central Committee of the Communist Party, and the U.S.-China diplomatic relations. In particular, it is necessary to examine the movements of North Korea and China to gauge a series of situations in Northeast Asia, including the role of the U.S. over the "5·18," the intervention of North Korean or North Korean forces, China's policy on the Korean Peninsula after reform and opening.
Discourse on the uniqueness of cities in Germany : In the case of Berlin in History
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Kim Dong-Jo
Published: December 2024

Since the turn of the millennium, the field of urban research has been in marked motion; the social and cultural science interest in the uniqueness of certain cities has increased continuously. A diverse theoretical vocabulary was developed in order to be able to examine processes of urban singularity and identity formation. Martyn Lee and Rolf Lindner independently outlined the concept of a “habitus of the city”. They assume that cities develop certain routines and dispositions in the course of their history that make them more susceptible to certain developments than to others. Something like a location-specific style, a unique character of the city, emerges from the city-defining economy and its cultural effects. Karl Scheffler's Berlin - a city's fate. From this book Berlin is “condemned to: always to be and never to be”. Since then, this Scheffler quote has repeatedly justified why this city is so little burdened by historical traditions, why it is supposedly capable of constantly reinventing itself. This city lives from change and it lives in the future; it is a “city of opportunity”. Permanent change has long been set as a trademark in Berlin. A debate has flared up over the past few years about the “intrinsic logic of cities”. First of all, the homogenizing, holistic and essentialistic access to cities, which are set as “essentially” characterizable units, is criticized. Cities, so the objection, are too complex and too plural to be considered as a whole. Reference is made to the unclear concept of action, which inadmissibly summarizes and deterministically defines the inhabitants of a city using their alleged “local” patterns of action. But the normative model of urbanity, which in many cases still underlies the local cultural-scientific discussion of cities, is the classic European or European metropolis with a rich cultural tradition. In view of this, a research strategy would make sense that not only has the overall cultural shape of the city in view, but also aims at the levels of negotiation of place and locality. Site-specific imprints as well as localistic discourses and practices should also be examined in small and medium-sized towns and in non-European mega-cities. The theoretical and methodological debate on this newer branch of urban research is certainly not over.
A Study on the Impact of Strategic Orientation on International Performance of Chinese Small and Medium-sized Cross-border E-Commerce Enterprises in the Post-Epidemic Period: Focusing on the Mediating Role of Big Data Capabilities with Data from Enterprises in Hebei Province
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Shang Hongjiang , Song Jaehoon
Published: December 2024

With the development of the epidemic, the growth of traditional foreign trade has slowed down and cross-border e-commerce has grown against the trend, attracting a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises to join. However, facing the complex international market environment, many Chinese small and medium-sized cross-border e-commerce enterprises lack market insight and fail to seize the opportunity, making it difficult for them to compete in the international market. In the complex and ever-changing international market environment, enterprises with high strategic orientation will take the initiative to cultivate their big data capabilities, and small and medium-sized cross-border e-commerce enterprises can quickly integrate their internal and external resources through big data capabilities, adjust their strategies based on big data analysis, and make their strategies more in line with the changes in the market environment, so as to achieve the goal of steady growth in enterprise performance with maximum effectiveness. To this end, this paper conducted a questionnaire survey on small and medium-sized cross-border e-commerce enterprises in Hebei Province, China, and explored the relationship between strategic orientation and international performance of small and medium-sized cross-border e-commerce enterprises by using big data capability as a mediating variable. The final conclusions are: strategic orientation has a significant positive impact on the international performance of enterprises, strategic orientation can promote the development of enterprises' big data capabilities, big data capability has a partial mediating effect between strategic orientation and the international performance of small and medium-sized cross-border e-commerce enterprises. Based on the empirical results and research objectives, this paper suggests that small and medium-sized cross-border e-commerce enterprises should pay attention to the selection, cultivation and development of strategic orientations to promote a high match between their own resource advantages and external environment, they should also pay attention to the cultivation of big data capabilities, cultivate corresponding talents in enterprises and establish their own big data systems. The government should strengthen the construction of cross-border e-commerce infrastructure, promote the unification of international cross-border e-commerce rules, and standardize the cross-border e-commerce market.
A Study on the Influence of Job Satisfaction on Work Performance of SMEs in China
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Su Rilege
Published: December 2024

In the tense working environment in modern cities, enterprises and companies rely more and more on talented people to win in competitions. In order to attract and retain talents, companies and enterprises tend to pay more attention to the feeling and demands of their employees to improve their work performance and job satisfaction at the same time, and as a result, ensure an efficient and low-cost enterprise operation. Under this circumstance, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, work engagement and work performance become the main indicators deciding whether an enterprise could retain its talents for a long time, which is important for human resources management. On the one hand, in terms of theory, an empirical study could quantify these indicators. On the other hand, in terms of practice, a clear understanding of the relationship between these indicators could provide institutional and policy guidance to the human resources department of companies and enterprises, thus reducing human costs and improving work efficiency. This study mainly intends to explore the relationship among job satisfaction, organizational commitment, work engagement and work performance by questionnaires, and establish a quantifying research model for job satisfaction, organizational commitment, work engagement and work performance as well. According to the results of the study, this thesis also provides some constructive suggestions to the human resource management department of companies and enterprises to enhance their efficiency and cohesiveness at a low cost. This thesis makes a questionnaire survey involving employees of SMEs in China, conducted reliability and validity analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis and mediating effect test to the results of the questionnaire, and then used SPSS software to carry on statistical analysis to the data. Through empirical analysis, the relationship among the four indicators was obtained and the hypotheses were testified. The experimental results show that job satisfaction has a positive effect on work performance. Work engagement and organizational commitment play a mediating role between them. This thesis makes a more effective study of job satisfaction by using work engagement and organizational commitment as mediating variables to build a bridge between job satisfaction and work performance, which makes up for the previous research to some extent. Finally, according to the results and conclusions of empirical analysis, this thesis puts forward some suggestions to improve work performance in aspects of establishing a people-oriented management concept, promoting job satisfaction and work engagement, and improving the training and promotion mechanism of organizational commitment.
A Study on the Use of Cultural Space for the Creative Succession of Traditional Culture: Focusing on Gwangju Hyanggyo and Heekyungru
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Han Jongwan , Jung Sungyim
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore ways to utilize cultural spaces for creative succession by examining the cultural significance and aspects of Gwangju Hyanggyo and Heekyungroo. To this end, the background and role of the emergence of Gwangju Hyanggyo Confucian School and Heekyungroo Pavilion, and the significance and succession patterns of traditional culture were investigated and described, respectively. Furthermore, it sought ways to utilize cultural spaces to creatively inherit the traditional culture of these cultural assets. As a result, it was found that Gwangju Hyanggyo Confucian School and Heekyungroo Pavilion were significant as cultural properties built under the influence of Neo-Confucianism in the Chosun Dynasty. The case of overlapping traditional cultural aspects possessed by these cultural properties was also investigated and analyzed. Through this, it was intended to propose a plan to inherit the unique traditional culture style possessed by Gwangju Hyanggyo and Heekyungroo, but to use these cultural spaces as hybrid cultural spaces. How to creatively inherit the traditions of scholar culture. It was possible to confirm that Heekyungroo Pavilion as a cultural space limited to performance culture such as Korean traditional music performances, excluding the spiritual culture enjoyed by Confucian scholars, would lose its historical significance. It is hoped that it will be reborn as a high-leaved cultural space supported by cultural communication and cooperation with Gwangju Hyanggyo in accordance with the suitability of the reconstruction site.
A Study on the Purchase Attitude and Purchase Intentions of Chinese Consumers for New Energy Automobiles Applying the UTAUT
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Zou Xinxin , Ryu Mihyun
Published: December 2024

The demand for energy to realize economic growth is constantly increasing globally, and the issues of resource exhaustion and environmental pollution are getting more serious. To cope with resource exhaustion and environmental problems, the automobile market is facing the transition of paradigms from conventional fuel-based automobiles to new energy automobiles.
Particularly, in China, the new energy automobile market is growing rapidly. Therefore, it seems to be meaningful to perform research to understand purchase attitudes and intention towards new energy automobiles in China. This study investigated the core variables of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT) regarding new energy automobiles, consumer characteristics, the effects of perception of government policy on purchase attitudes, and correlation between purchase attitudes and purchase intention.
The main results and implications of this study are written below: First, among the core variables of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT) regarding new energy automobiles, performance expectancy and social influence had a significantly positive effects on purchase attitudes. Second, it was confirmed that environment awareness among consumer characteristics had a significant positive effect on purchase attitude. Third, it was confirmed that the perception of government policy on new energy automobiles had a significant positive effect on purchase attitude. Lastly, purchase attitudes towards new energy automobiles had a positive influence over purchase intention, and purchase attitudes are the crucial variable to explain purchase intention. Therefore, companies should endeavor to form consumers’ purchase attitudes positively regarding new energy automobiles.
A Study on Educational Plans of Korean Language ‘Cultural Vocabulary’: Focused on Chinese Character Phrases in Korean Textbooks
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Choi Sangok
Published: December 2024

This paper is designed to testify if Korea’s ODA contributed to the economic development of its recipient countries. In order to pursue the topic, a theoretic model is constructed, which ultimately proves if ODA can enhance the welfare of any recipient country. In the model, the direct effect of Korea’s ODA is distinguished from its indirect effect while taking a networking effect into consideration. The direct effect means that ODA itself can be used as inputs for expanding the economic size of recipient countries. In contrast, the indirect effect measures the ODA’s contributions to the infrastructure development of recipient countries. In the long-run, ODA, entangled with the recipient country’s internal resources, can create positive joint contribution to the economic welfare for recipient country group; this effect is named to be the networking effect. The model makes three important predictions. In general, the marginal contribution of a donor country’s ODA may not be greater than that of a recipient country’s. Thus, a negative view on the role of ODA can prevail. However, ODA is able to create a networking effect even within poorly resource endowed countries. Furthermore, from the perspective of total effects, the marginal networking effect of ODA becomes to outweigh the direct and indirect effects of ODA in the long run. Some empirical works prove these predictions. First, in terms of total effects, Korea’s ODAs are shown to have significant and positive effects on the welfare of recipient countries. Second, a larger total effect is found even within African countries compared to other areas, which coincides to the predictions of the model. Hence, in terms of total welfare contributions, Korea’s ODAs can be said to have contributed the economic growth of recipient groups.
The Effects of Clinical Nurses' Organizational Communication and Patient Safety Silence on Error Reporting
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Park Jeongmi
Published: December 2024

This study is a descriptive research study to identify the factors that affect clinical nurses' organizational communication satisfaction and patient safety silence on error reporting. The subjects of the study were 182 nurses who had worked for more than one year at three general hospitals located in G Metropolitan City, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire from March 13 to March 124, 2023. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 22.0 program, analyzed by independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression, and post-verification was performed by Scheffé test. As a result of this study, the most influential factor in error reporting was work type (β=-0.211), followed by patient safety silence (β =-0.204), communication media (β=0.203), and organizational atmosphere (β=-0.160), with an explanatory power of 20.6%. In conclusion, in order to reduce error reporting and prevent patient safety incidents, hospitals should make efforts to increase the transition of clinical nurses to full-time positions. In addition, it is very important to create an organizational atmosphere so that clinical nurses do not behave in patient safety silence and to increase the degree of organizational communication satisfaction.
Analysis Fallout 3 Narrative through Folklore Morphology
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Ryou Kyoungmin , Kim Jiyoung , Lee Seungkwon
Published: December 2024

In October 2022, EBS, a public broadcaster, aired a documentary titled 'The Serious Part about Games', announcing that games are a popular pastime experienced by 70% of the people, and the National Assembly on September 7, 2022 to revise the Culture and Arts Promotion Act. Through this, games were recognized as popular art. This study analyzed the narrative of ‘Wanderer’, the main character of ‘Fallout 3’ released by Bethesda in 2008, with 31 functions of folktale morphology, focusing on narrative among the various cultural and artistic elements of games that have become popular art. As a result of the study, in Fallout 3, which was analyzed, the wanderer's narrative appeared in the folktale morphology appeared by function, but the display (J) and cognitive (Q) functions were not found, and the character corresponding to the princess or the princess's father was also found. was lacking Differentiation of the narrative by the user's choice is a choice that does not affect the narrative between dispatch (↑) and the first function of the donor (D), movement between two countries (G), and struggle (H) function. The choice that affects the narrative was found to be a choice to successfully purify the wasteland's water (N) and a choice to annihilate mutants by spraying viruses into the wasteland's water (Nn). As a result of the analysis, it was found that games also perform literary and artistic functions through narrative structures such as folktales. Through the research results of this paper, it is hoped that the artistic, cultural, and literary aspects of game media will be illuminated through more narrative analysis of games.
Comparative Study on the Relationship between Urban Development and Art, Culture: Using the Example of Hamburg in Germany and Baltimore in the United States
Authors:   Asia-Europe Perspective Association, Kim Dong-Jo
Published: December 2024

The influence of long-term governmentality structures, the budget-based power of cultural policy and the resulting consequences for artists, art and cultural institutions become clear through the comparison. The promotion of artistic-cultural creativity can be divided into two types: first- and second-order urban controls.
First-order governance is a hierarchically organized, top-down planning regime based primarily on a positivist ontological logic. First of all, the city's problems are recognized and defined at the political top, then solution strategies are found, which are then implemented or enforced point by point. Hamburg's cultural policy can be assigned to this type.
In contrast, second-order urban control does not require this a priori planning. Here the ideas don't come from above; Instead, politics and administration pay close attention to existing developments on the artistic and cultural basis and then fundamentally promote them. Politics and administration acting in this way uses self-governing civil society regimes at the grassroots level and supports them in the implementation of their goals.
But even this control of independent creativity is not important in Baltimore. Therefore, I am supplementing the typology based on the perspective of the continental European Reckwitz with a third-order control that better fits the US tradition of governmental laissez-faire: the absence of urban-state intervention in the development of cultural structures. For Baltimore, this exclusion - with the exception of symbolic support as part of second-order control - has been good for artistic and creative development. The state's cultural intervention policy in Hamburg, on the other hand, seems to be detrimental to the development of artistic creativity that is far removed from the mainstream and also risky.
Progress in Soliton Crystal Kerr Microcombs
Authors: Moss David
Published: December 2024

Soliton crystal microcombs, as a new type of Kerr frequency comb, offer advantages such as higher energy conversion efficiency and a simpler generation mechanism compared to traditional soliton microcombs. They have a wide range of applications in fields like microwave photonics, ultra-high-speed optical communication, and photonic neural networks. In this review, we discuss recent developments of soliton crystals microcombs and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of generating soliton crystal microcombs utilizing different mechanisms. First, we briefly introduce the numerical model of optical frequency combs. Then, we introduce the generation schemes for soliton crystal microcombs based on various mechanisms, such as utilizing an avoided mode cross-ing, harmonic modulation, bi-chromatic pumping, and the use of saturable absorbers. Finally, we discuss the progress of research on soliton crystal microcombs in the fields of microwave photonics, optical communication, and photonic neural networks. We also discuss the challenges and perspec-tives of soliton crystal microcombs.
Vote Congruence: The Role of Voting Rules, Political Sophistication, and the Supply Side
Authors: Rinne Jonathan
Published: December 2024

For voting to contribute to democratic ends, citizens must vote congruently with their preferences. This requires citizens to acquire and process information to identify the ballot options that best match their preferences and then express those preferences effectively through the act of voting. The latter, which this article focuses on, becomes increasingly relevant with complex voting rules that entail a multitude of ballot options and elaborate tools for casting ballots. Drawing on an original large-scale experiment in the field, I provide novel insights into how an interplay of the institutional setting (complexity of voting rules), the supply side (degree of selectivity of congruence and overall congruence between ballot options and citizens’ preferences), and individual characteristics (political sophistication) shapes vote congruence on an individual level. I demonstrate that, first, citizens on average vote more congruently under complex rules, providing evidence that they possess sufficient capacities to utilize enhanced voting tools effectively. Second, the more selectively citizens support the supplied ballot options, the more congruently they vote with complex rules. This suggests that in more diversified societies, where citizens’ preferences align less with distinct parties, complex rules likely have a stronger positive effect on vote congruence. Third, I find no conclusive evidence that casting ballots under complex rules disproportionately disadvantages less politically sophisticated citizens. Instead, the informational demands of complex rules appear to reinforce biases, echoing prior research. These findings underscore that beyond acquiring and processing information, the act of voting itself is crucial for understanding the determinants of vote congruence.
Technological concepts: object and tool of knowledge outsourcing at different ages
Authors: Fini Chiara , Falcinelli Ilenia , Borghi Anna M.
Published: December 2024

Technological devices and the Internet have profoundly transformed people's lives. Among their impacts, one of the most significant is knowledge outsourcing. This article explores this phenomenon from two perspectives: considering the technological devices as objects and mediators of knowledge outsourcing. While technological devices have become the primary tools for extending knowledge, they remain epistemologically opaque, requiring the help of others and, crucially, specialists, to comprehend their internal mechanisms and functioning. In the first section, building upon empirical research, we outlined an identikit of technological concepts across different generations. Younger adults tend to feel more confident in their tech knowledge and trust specialists’ expertise more than older adults. Both groups show a high reliance on generic others and experts to understand technological concepts, more than for other concepts. This reliance is especially notable in older individuals, who generally report less need for help, except for technological concepts. We suggest that knowledge outsourcing may be critical for technological compared to more vague concepts due to their pervasive use in Western daily life. In the second section, we went across the behavioral and metacognitive implications of using technological devices as tools for knowledge outsourcing. We highlighted how accessing the Internet can lead to an overestimation of one's own knowledge and examined the psychological, physical, and metacognitive barriers that older adults might face when using technology for knowledge outsourcing. Finally, we analyzed knowledge outsourcing towards technological tools vs. humans, concluding that asking a person requires more complex metacognitive and interpersonal skills than searching online.
Transcranial direct current stimulation influences motor overflow in imagined aiming movement
Authors: Bek Judith , Wang Xiaoye Michael , Welsh Timothy N.
Published: December 2024

Neural networks subserving motor imagery and action observation overlap with those involved in motor execution. The precise roles of specific cortical areas in these processes are not fully understood. One cortical area implicated in motor imagery is the supplementary motor area (SMA). To test the role of SMA in motor imagery, participants without any known neurological disorders (N=23) completed three versions of a reciprocal manual aiming task (imagined, observed, and executed movements) before and after transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was applied to the SMA. Anodal, cathodal, and sham (inactive) stimulation protocols were compared within participants. Although the speed-accuracy trade-off observed in the aiming task was not affected by tDCS, the amount of incidental movement during imagery (motor overflow) increased following anodal stimulation. Additionally, imagined movement time was associated less strongly with an implicit measure of motor imagery (hand laterality judgement) following anodal tDCS compared to the sham condition. No effects of tDCS were found for action observation or movement execution. These results suggest that anodal stimulation applied over SMA may subtly disrupt processes underlying motor imagery, either through unintended inhibitory effects or via excitatory effects on adjacent areas of the motor cortex.
Cognitive Automation and Data-Driven Innovation in Marketing: Advanced Frameworks and Future Directions
Authors: Dube Chipo
Published: December 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) marketing has emerged as a burgeoning research domain,attracting growing interest from scholars and industry alike. This paper reviews 72 studies from bothdomestic and international literature, offering a definition of AI marketing, exploring its foundations,features, and objectives, and summarizing AI’s practical applications in customer insight, contentmanagement, personalized delivery, and performance evaluation. Further, we examine userpsychological and behavioral reactions to AI marketing, particularly regarding data collection,personalized recommendations, and human-machine interactions. Finally, the paper proposes aresearch framework for AI marketing and discusses directions for future research, aiming to provide areference for academia and marketing practitioners in the AI era. As AI technology continues toevolve, the insights derived from this review provide a comprehensive foundation for understandingits impact on marketing strategies and consumer behavio
Deep Learning-Based Approach for Emotion Classification Using Stretchable Sensor Data
Authors: Refat Chowdhury Mohammad Masum
Published: December 2024

Facial expressions play a vital role in human communication, especially for individuals with motor impairments who rely on alternative interaction methods. This study presents a deep learning-based approach for real-time emotion classification using stretchable strain sensors integrated into a wearable system. The sensors, fabricated with conductive silver ink on a flexible Tegaderm substrate, detect subtle facial muscle movements. Positioned strategically on the forehead, upper lip, lower lip, and left cheek, these sensors effectively capture emotions such as happiness, neutrality, sadness, and disgust. A data pipeline incorporating Min-Max normalization and SMOTE balancing addresses noise and class imbalances, while dimensionality reduction techniques like PCA and t-SNE enhance data visualization. The system’s classification performance was evaluated using standard machine learning metrics, achieving an overall accuracy of 76.6%, with notable success in distinguishing disgust (86.0% accuracy) and neutrality (81.0% accuracy). This work offers a flexible, cost-effective, and biocompatible solution for emotion recognition, with potential applications in rehabilitation robotics, assistive technologies, and human-computer interaction.
Appealing, disgusting and threatening visual features determined using an evolutionary algorithm
Authors: Patten Matthew L. , Brunker Joshua , Latifi Raghba , Watson Tamara
Published: December 2024

Individuals make automatic aesthetic judgements potentially supporting an approach or avoidance posture towards everyday objects. The current study uses a novel evolutionary approach to explore which features of a complex flower-like stimulus reliably emerge as appealing, easy to view, disgusting and threatening. Across three experiments the procedure used approximately 20 parameters that became more or less likely to appear within the stimuli as participants selected the most and least appealing, easy to view, disgusting or threatening flowers from a selection of six flowers per trial. Most important to appeal was a high number of outer petals (ray florets) and symmetrical arrangement of outer petals. This was also found to be important to ease of viewing, consistent with the fluency processing theory of aesthetic appeal. The presence of binarized fractals was found to be important to the perception threat and disgust. This was unexpected but potentially mimics patterning on animals such as a saturated red against a black body. The novel evolutionary method developed for establishing the features important to a perceptual judgment shows potential for use with complex and high feature space stimuli.
Cats-Behavior Model Illustrating the Servqual of Public Service Delivery in Nepalese Context
Authors: Palikhe Amin
Published: December 2024

There are numerous models of quality service delivery that are now in use, highlighted on SERVQUAL dimensions that measures quality of service offered by various social or nonprofit and profit oriented organization. The purpose of this article is to develop a typologically modified model for measuring the quality of services deliver in Nepalese context. Therefore, typological modification methodological approach has been used to conceptualize the SERVQUAL model to CATS-Behavior model. In order to assure appropriate, efficient, and effective service delivery, this study develops a typologically modified model of service quality dimensions that illustrates and ensures quality service delivery. In conclusion, because the document is conceptual in nature, it can be used by practitioners, researchers, academics, and public officials in place of providing and measuring quality of services delivery in Nepalese context.
Wrist Circumference as a Novel Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease and Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Mondal Palash , Basu Subrata , Saha Manish , Das Krishanko
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Wrist circumference is a good predictor of obesity and insulin resistance. Wrist circumference may be considered as an indirect determinant of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. The present study aimed to assess wrist circumference as an alternative tool for differentiating patients with coronary artery disease and metabolic syndrome from those without coronary artery disease and metabolic syndrome.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on patients ≥ 30 years old undergoing coronary angiography following acute coronary syndrome or for evaluation of coronary artery disease.
Results: Diabetic, hypertensive, and obese patients had more wrist circumference. High TG, low HDL levels were associated with higher wrist circumference (p=0.005). Wrist circumference was positively correlated with waist-hip ratio (p<0.001). Patients with Metabolic Syndrome have a mean Wrist circumference of 16.54 whereas patients without Metabolic Syndrome have a mean wrist circumference of 15.89(p<0.001). Coronary artery disease patients had higher mean wrist circumference than non-coronary artery disease patients (16.59 vs 15.9) (p<0.001). Triple-vessel disease patients have higher wrist circumference than double-vessel-disease patients; Doublevessel- disease patients have higher wrist circumference than single-vessel disease (p<0.001). Multivariate logistic model shows the main predictors for coronary artery disease are male sex, smoking, high BMI, low HDL, and wrist circumference.
Conclusion: Measurement of Wrist circumference can serve as an easy anthropometric marker to identify individuals at risk of cardio-metabolic disorder, and predict the severity of Coronary Artery Disease can be used in large epidemiological studies.
Congenital Anterior Urethral Diverticulum: A Case Report
Authors: Dangol Ellina , Thapa Bijay , Thapa Basnet Anupama
Published: December 2024

Congenital anomalies of lower urinary tract are most common anomalies found in children, but congenital anterior urethral diverticulum is a very rare cause. Here we present 11 month old male child presented with soft cystic swelling in the ventral side of the penile shaft and underwent open diverticulectomy.
استراتيجيات تحسين الأداء المالي للمصارف العراقية
Authors: رياض حسون العقيلي  , مصطفى كاظمي نجف ابادي
Published: December 2024

هدف هذا البحث إلى توضيح مفهوم الأداء المالي، وتقييم الأداء المالي، بيان العوامل المؤثر على الأداء المالي للمصارف، توضيح كيفية التقييم للأداء المالي للمصارف العراقية، اقتراح استراتيجيات تساعد في تحسين الأداء المالي للمصارف العراقية، تم اختيار مجموعة من المصارف العراقية الاهلية ، و تم سحب مجموعة من العاملين و العاملات داخل تلك المصارف ، حيث تم سحب 30 عامل و عاملة و بطريقة المعاينة العشوائية البسيطة، و اجراء الاختبارات اللازمة لها و تعميم النتائج على كافة افراد المجتمع. وقد توصل إلى عدد من النتائج المهمة كما يلي يوجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين التحليل الاستراتيجي و الأداء المالي للمصارف العراقية,لا يوجد فرق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المرونة المالية و الأداء المالي للمصارف العراقية,لا يوجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المراجعة الاستراتيجية و الأداء المالي للمصارف العراقية.
التنويع الاقتصادي في العراق في ظل اجراءات السياسة المالية وتقلبات أسعار النفط
Authors: هدى مهدي البياتي  , غصون كاظم عبيد آل جارالله
Published: December 2024

يهدف هذا البحث الى الوقوف على واقع التنويع الاقتصادي في العراق في ظل تقلبات اسعار النفط العالمية واجراءات السياسة الماليةالمتمثلة بدراسة الايرادات العامة والايرادات النفطية وغير النفطية في العراق وقياس التنوع فيها باستخدام بعض مؤشرات قياس التنوع الاقتصادي حيث اتضح ارتفاع المساهمة النسبية للقطاع النفطي في الناتج المحلي الاجمالي مع تراجع حاد لمساهمة القطاعات الاقتصادية في تكوين هذا الناتج وانخفاض التنويع الاقتصادي في هذه القطاعات ،رغم توفر الامكانات المالية والبشرية في العراق التي تؤهله ليكون من البلدان الاكثر تنوعا من الناحية الاقتصادية الا ان الظروف الاقتصادية والامنية التي مر بها حالت دون تحقيق ذلك مما جعل الاقتصاد العراقي رهينة الاختلافات الهيكلية والبنيوية والتي انعكست بشكل واضح على الاداء الاقتصادي فيه، لذا يوصي الباحثان بضرورة زيادة المساهمة النسبية للقطاعات الاقتصادية في تكوين الناتج المحلي الاجمالي والقيمة المضافة تمهيدا لتعزيز التنويع الاقتصادي
قياس الثقة الإدارية المفرطة وبيان أثرها في عدم شفافية التقارير المالية (بحث تطبيقي)
Authors: اياد جمعه خلف  , سطم صالح حسين
Published: December 2024

يهدف البحث الى قياس الثقة الإدارية المفرطة وبيان أثرها في عدم شفافية التقارير المالية بالتطبيق على عينة من المصارف المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية, لتحقيق هذا الهدف تناول البحث عينة شملت (17) مصرفاً تم سحبها من مجتمع الدراسة المتمثل بالمصارف المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية, إذ تم اختيار هذه العينة على اساس المصارف التي لديها بيانات متكاملة للفترة الممتدة من عام (2013 وحتى 2022), واعتماد القياس الكمي للمتغيرات بتحليل التقارير المالية, تم قياس الثقة الإدارية المفرطة باستخدام ثلاث طرق وهي (نسبة الانفاق الاستثماري على اجمالي الأصول, ونموذج المبالغة بالاستثمار, ونسبة الديون إلى حقوق الملكية), أما عدم شفافية التقارير المالية فتم قياسه وفقاً للمجموع المتحرك من القيمة المطلقة للاستحقاقات الاختيارية, كما تم استخدم بعض الأساليب الإحصائية بالبرنامج الإحصائي (SPSS) لفحص اتجاه وقوة العلاقة والتأثير للمتغيرات, إذ توصل البحث الى عدم وجود علاقة معنوية بين عدم شفافية التقارير المالية (Y) مع الثقة الإدارية المفرطة بحسب المقياس الثاني المبالغة بالاستثمار (M2)، بينما سجل متغير عدم شفافية التقارير المالية علاقة ارتباط معنوية إيجابية مع الثقة الإدارية المفرطة بحسب المقياس الأول نسبة الانفاق الاستثماري (M1)، والمقياس الثالث نسبة الديون (M3), ويوصي البحث الجهات المسؤولة بضرورة وضع تشريعات قانونية صارمة للحد من الانتهازية الإدارية الناتجة عن الإتجار الداخلي بالمعلومات وتشكيل هيئة مستقلة تتولى مسؤولية الأشراف والرقابة على إفصاحات الشركات المدرجة في هذا السوق).
The impact of international students’ adaptation to Korean culture on life satisfaction and life adjustment
Authors:   The Education Research Institute, Shim Woo Suk , So Jae Min
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to verify the impact of Vietnamese students' adaptation to Korean culture on life satisfaction and life adjustment. The hypotheses for achieving the research purpose are as follows. First, adaptation to Korean culture will affect life satisfaction. Second, adaptation to Korean culture will affect adaptation to life. Third, life satisfaction will affect life adjustment. This study surveyed 177 international students studying in Korea, and the survey was conducted from November 1 to November 14, 2022. The conclusion of the study is as follows. First, the sub-factors of international students' adaptation to Korean culture, such as proficiency in Korean and adaptation to life in Korea, were found to have a significant effect, but Korean exchanges were found to have no significant effect. Second, it was found that speaking Korean and interacting with Koreans had a significant effect on adaptation to social life, but adaptation to life in Korea did not appear to have an effect. Exchanges with Koreans were found to have a significant effect on adaptation to Korean culture and school life, but proficiency in Korean and adaptation to life in Korea were found to have no effect.Interaction with Koreans was found to have a significant effect on relationship adaptation to Korean culture, but proficiency in Korean and adaptation to life in Korea were found to have no effect. Third, life satisfaction was found to have a significant effect on life adaptation.