bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotional Labor Display Levels of High School Teachers and Classroom Teachers
Authors: GÖÇ Ahmet , ÇEKİÇ Osman
Published: June 2021

İlkokul ve lisede görev yapan öğretmenlerin duygusal emek gösterim düzeyleri arasında fark olup olmadığı, bu çalışmanın asıl amacıdır. Tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilen aştırmada, katılımcılar Çanakkale ilinin Gelibolu ilçesinde bulunan
ilkokul ve liselerde görev yapan (Mevcut 105) 102 (yüz iki) sınıf, (Mevcut 143) 135 (yüz otuzbeş) lise olmak üzere toplam 237 (iki yüz otuz yedi) öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Veriler, Diefendorff (2005) tarafından geliştirilen ve
Basım ile Begenirbaş (2012) tarafından Türkiye’ye uyarlanan Duygusal Emek Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler ve MANOVA (f testi-General Linear Model, Univarte) analizi kullanılmıştır. Veriler,
faktör analizine tabi tutulduğunda “yüzeysel rol yapma” boyutunun alpha değerinin .873, “derin rol yapma” boyutunun alpha değerinin .890, “doğal duygular” boyutunun alpha değerinin .724 olduğu ve genel olarak alpha değerinin .819
olduğun bulunmuştur. Öğretmenlerin azdan çoğa doğru, yüzeysel rol yapma, derin rol yapma ve doğal duygular şeklinde duygusal emek gösteriminde bulundukları görülmüştür. Yüzeysel rol yapma ile derin rol yapma boyutunda ilkokul öğretmenlerinin
lise öğretmenlerine göre daha düşük, doğal duygular boyutunda ise ilkokul öğretmenlerinin lise öğretmenlerinde göre daha fazla duygusal emek gösteriminde bulundukları; cinsiyet açısından ise derin rol yapma boyutunda erkeklerin
kadın öğretmenlerden daha fazla duygusal emek gösteriminde bulunduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
The Historical Development of Sociology Teaching in Turkey
Authors: GURBETOĞLU Ali
Published: June 2021

Sosyoloji, modern çağın sorunlarının ortaya çıkardığı yeni bir disiplindir. Sanayi devrimi ve büyük sosyal değişimler üzerine yapılan bilimsel çalışmalar sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Saint Simon ve Comte'un pozitivist görüşlerini sistemleştiren
Durkheim ve Marks gibi öncüler bu kabulde etkili oldu. Pozitivist anlayışa karşı çıkan Max Weber, sosyolojinin bir diğer öncüdür. Çalışmanın temel amacı, Türk sosyolojisinin gelişim ve kurumsallaşma sürecini tanıtmak ve eğitim
programlarında hak ettiği ağırlığı taşımayan sosyoloji öğretiminin önemini vurgulamaktır. Bu çalışmada sosyolojinin bir bilim olarak ortaya çıkışı ve Türkiye'deki gelişim süreci değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaçla sosyolojinin kuruluş
süreci, kurumsallaşması ve okullaşması incelenmiş ve eğitim sistemindeki dönemsel gelişimi takip edilmiştir. Türk sosyolojisinin kökleri, Batılılaşma çabalarının tarihsel geçmişine dayanır. 19. yüzyılın sonlarına kadar devam eden
toplumsal çalışmalar, Türk sosyolojisinin mayalanma ve oluşum dönemi olarak kabul edilebilir. Uzun bir döneme yayılan bu fermantasyon dönemi, 20. yüzyılın başlarında bilimsel bir zemin kazanmaya başladı. Kurucu isimlerden Gökalp,
Comte’un Durkheim’ci yaklaşımını takip etti, diğer isim Prens Sabahattin’in ise Le Play’cı yorumuma uydu. Bu nedenle başlangıçta pozitivist bir temel üzerine kurulan Türk sosyolojisi bu özelliğini büyük ölçüde korumaktadır. Sosyoloji,
Gökalp'in çabalarıyla üniversite programı üzerinden Türk eğitim sistemine girmiş ve kısa sürede öğretmen yetiştirme programlarında yer almıştır. Bu gelişmeyi, ortaöğretim programlarında yer bulması takip etmiştir. Başlangıçtan
itibaren Türk sosyolojisinin, pozitivist, devletçi, batıcı, milliyetçi, siyasetle yakın ilişki içinde bulunması, özgünlüğünü kazanmasına engel olmuştur. Bunların sonucu olarak, aktarmacılık, bağımlılık, biyografik çalışmaların
yetersizliği, ilgisizlik gibi sorunlar yüzünden eğitim programlarında hak ettiği yeri bulamamıştır.
Socıo-Cultural And Relıgıous Reasons Of Tomb Vısıts: The Example Of Kastamonu
Authors: KORKMAZ Halime , Odabaşı Fatma
Published: June 2021

Kastamonu, “evliyalar şehri” unvanıyla meşhur olmuş bir ildir. Bu durum; şehrin inanç turizmi açısından zengin bir mirasa sahip olmasına ve bu sebeple gerek yurt içinden gerek yurt dışından pek çok ziyaretçinin şehri ziyaret etmesine
sebep olmaktadır. Bu makalede, türbe ziyaretlerinin sosyo-kültürel ve dini nedenleri Kastamonu’daki türbeler ekseninde ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmada dolaylı gözlem metodu olarak anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. 1150 kişiyle
yapılan anket çalışması neticesinde elde edilen bulgular, başka çalışmalarla karşılaştırılmak suretiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Kastamonu hakkında kısa bir malumat verildikten sonra şehre hâkim devletler bağlamında türbeler tasnif
edilmiştir. Akabinde evliyaların sınıflanma şekilleri hakkında bilgi verilerek Kastamonu üzerinde etkiye sahip olan Hz. Pir Şeyh Şaban-ı Veli ve Mehmet Feyzi Efendi hakkında bilgi verilerek özellikle bu türbeler ekseninde gerçekleştirilen
ziyaretlerin sebepleri ve toplumsal fonksiyonları üzerinde durulmuştur.
Hadiths Narrated in the Form of " Lawla an Ashuqqa 'ala..." and What They Made to Think
Authors: GÖKALP Murat
Published: June 2021

Allah Teâlâ’nın kendi katında razı olduğu din, İslâm’dır. Bu dinin mahiyetini ve hükümlerini insanlara ulaştırıp açıklasınlar diye de sonsuz merhametinin eseri olarak onlara kendi cinslerinden elçiler göndermiştir. Allah Rasûlü de
(a.s.) âlemlere rahmet olmak üzere gönderilmiş, bu dinin kıyamete kadarki son elçisidir. O, Rabbine karşı şükreden bir kul olmayı ziyadesiyle arzulamış ve ümmetinin de böylesi bir gönül kıvamında olmasını ümid etmiştir. Bu sebeple
de kimi zaman onlardan bir fiilin işlenmesini, farz kılınır da yapmaya güç yetiremezler endişesiyle emretmemiş ancak tavsiye ve teşvikleriyle temenni etmekle yetinmiştir. Çalışmamızda Hz. Peygamber’in ümmeti için arzu ettiği ama
ısrarla yapılması için zorlamadığı fiiller konu edinilmiştir. Bunun için de özellikle “Levlâ en eşükka alâ …” kalıbıyla gelen hadisler kütüb-i sitte çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır.
İslam Tarihi’nin İlk Pandemisi Amvâs Vebası ile Covid-19 (Koronavirüs) Arasındaki Benzerliklerin Gündelik Hayatımıza Yansımaları
Authors: UÇAR İlyas
Published: June 2021

Dünyanın farklı coğrafyalarını çeşitli şekillerde etkileyen insanın doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak dâhil olduğu küresel ısınma, volkan patlamaları, depremler, yangınlar, salgın hastalıklar vb. olaylar tarihin akışını değiştiren önemli faktörlerdir. Günümüzde ortaya çıkan ve günden güne çoğalan bu çeşit doğaüstü olaylar tarihin tarihi doğurabildiğini ve tek yumurta ikizi gibi birbirine benzerlik gösterdiğini bize yeniden göstermektedir. 2020 yılı tarihin akışını değiştirecek düzeyde büyük ve etkili bir salgın hastalıkla tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alırken dini, dili, ırkı ne olursa olsun her toplumda birtakım yeni kavramların ortaya çıkmasına veya popülerleşmesine sebep olmuştur. Örneğin, pandemi ve epidemi bu kavramlardan sadece iki tanesi olarak meşhur olmuşlardır. Sözlükte, dünyada birden fazla ülkede veya kıtada, çok geniş bir alanda yayılan ve etkisini gösteren salgın hastalıklara verilen genel bir isim olan pandemi ve sınırları belirli bir alanda etkili olan enfeksiyonun yayılmasını ifade eden epidemi zaman zaman kavramsal yönden karıştırılsa da dünya genelinde yaşayan insanların sağlığını tehdit etmeleri yönüyle benzerlik göstermektedirler. Bu çalışmada tarih boyunca ortaya çıkan Kara Veba, Kolera, Grip, Tifo, Domuz Gribi ve son olarak da Covid-19 (koronavirüs) gibi salgınları ifade eden pandemi üzerinde durulacaktır. Bu yönüyle araştırmamız da Hz. Ömer zamanında ortaya çıkan ve İslam Tarihi’nde bir ilk olan Amvâs Vebası’nı konu edinmekte ve o dönem ki pandeminin günümüzde yaşanan Covid-19 (koronavirüs) ile olan benzerliklerin siyasî, iktisâdî, toplumsal ve ekonomik yönden gündelik hayatımıza yansımaları üzerine değerlendirmeler yapılacaktır.
الفخر النرجسي في الشعر الجاهلي (دراسة أسلوبية نقدية)
Authors: ALHAMAD Bozan
Published: June 2021

إنَّ علاقة الشعر بالنفس الإنسانية علاقة وطيدة، فالشعر وسيلة للتعبير عمّا يجيش في النفس الإنسانية من انفعالات وأحاسيس وعواطف وسلوكيات، والكلمات فيه مفاتيح أساسية لفهم شخصية قائلها، فالشخصية الحزينة تنشئ ألفاظًا وتعابير حزينة، والشخصية السعيدة تولِّد ألفاظًا وتعابير سعيدة، فالشخصية هي المحرّك الأساسي للكلمات، وهي الينبوع الوافر للأحاسيس والعواطف، والشعراء أبناء بيئاتهم، فكلّما كانت البيئة راقية حَضرية أَخرجَ الشاعرُ كلامًا راقيًّا مُفعمًا بالمشاعر النبيلة المتزنة، وكلّما كانت البيئة مُتدنيّة بدوية أَخرجَ الشاعرُ كلامًا مُتدنيًّا ينمُّ عن مشاعر قبيحةٍ مضطربةٍ، وقد لعبت البيئة الجاهلية -بما تحتويه من مفارقات طبقية- دورًا كبيرًا في بروز النرجسية في أشعار بعض الشعراء، نرجسية يسودها التفاخر بتعاظم (الأنا) وحب الذات وإلغاء دور الآخر في ساحات الصراع الميداني أو الكلامي، مُتجلّية في الإحساس بدنو مرتبة الشرف و النسب أو بروز النشوة بارتفاع الذات الماجنة العاشقة لجسد المرأة ومفاتنها، أو الإحساس بتعالي الذات المغرورة الطامحة إلى التسلّط والطموح. جاء البحث ليعبّر عن الفخر في الشعر الجاهلي ولكن ليس الفخر الذي عرفتْهُ كُتب الأدب و دواوين الشعر، إنّما هو فخر من نوع خاصٍّ امتزج مع الحال النَّفسية للشاعر ليخرجَ لنا فخرًا نرجسيًا يتماشى وذاته الشاعر المتعالية على غيرها بإحساس العظمة والرفعة.
Developing Factors and Indicators of Growth Mindset for School Administrators in Thailand
Authors: Masalee Nitas , Ariratana Wallapha , Sirisooksilp Saowanee
Published: June 2021

The sustainability of educational administration is depending on school administrators’ growth mindset. A growth mindset is detected to have a direct relationship with school achievement and success. Despite being an integral part of school leadership, the growth mindset of school administrators has been ignored by past researchers. Hence, this research is designed to investigate the growth mindset’s significant factors and indicators of high school administrators in Thailand. The researchers employed a quantitative approach survey design. A total of 460 school administrators and teachers participated in a survey using a multi-stage sampling technique. The researchers intended to test whether the identified factors and indicators are fitting with empirical data as the ultimate research outcome. The results revealed that there are a total of 17 indicators derived from the six factors in a growth mindset model. The measurement model of growth mindset is corroborated to the empirical data, with χ2=64.875, df=50, χ2/df=1.2975, CFI=0.99, TLI=0.99, RMSEA=0.02, and SRMR=0.01. In conclusion, the developed growth mindset model for high school administrators has a goodness-of-fit with the attained data. Finally, the results of this research have successfully proposed a measurement model that would be guidelines for school administrators to grow their positive mindset as our major contribution to the educational administration field.
Needs Assessment of Internal Supervision in Secondary Schools under the Office of Basic Education Commission
Authors: Khantawong Kampon , Sirisooksilp Saowanee , Thawinkarn Dawruwan
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research was to study the need assessment of internal supervision in secondary schools under the jurisdiction of the Office of Basic Education Commission, Thailand. A total of 944 teachers participated in the survey using multistage random sampling. The five scopes of internal supervision were investigated, namely, academic in curriculum development, development of learning process, evaluation and comparison of grades transfer, development of innovative media and digital technology, and educational supervision using a 43-items questionnaire. The need assessment results showed that the development of innovative media and digital technology (PNImodified=0.373) is the most essential scope of internal supervision according to respondents’ perceptions. This is followed by the development of the learning process (PNImodified=0.267), educational supervision (PNImodified=0.262), and evaluation and comparison of grades transfer (PNImodified=0.257). The least capacity scope is academic in curriculum development (PNImodified=0.246). The overall results imply that supervisors or school principals should attempt to ensure that internal supervisions are regularly operated to improve the teaching and learning process by paying more attention to the scope of development of innovative media and digital technology without ignoring the other four scopes.
A review on the pharmaceutical activity of Solanum surattense
Authors: Pradeep Kumar
Published: June 2021

The traditional medicinal plants are believed to be an impotent source of phytochemicals with potential therapeutic effects, and caring for different diseases. The plant Solanum surattense has active phytochemicals like saponins, alkaloid, phenols, solamargine, solasurine, solasonine, gum, ascorbic acid, sterols, torvoside K, torvoside L, khasianine, glycosides, flavonoids, aculeatiside A, solamargine, glycoalkaloid, steroidal compound, steroidal alkaloids, polyphenol (caffeic acid), coumarins (esculentin and aesculin), steroids (carpesterol, campesterol, daucosterol, stigmasterol, cycloortanol, and cholesterol), triterpinins, and sapogenin. This medicinal plant is widespread in pharmaceutics and still presents a large source of active phytochemicals with different activity such as antimicrobial, anti-larvicidal, anthelmintic, antimalarial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-asthmatic, and anti-cancerous. This review of the literature revealed new researches on the phytochemicals of S. surattense that how the active phytochemicals are performed different activities on the molecular level in vital aspects.
Building Student Teacher Interaction Pattern in EFL-CLT Classroom
Authors: Riyanto Mad
Published: June 2021

One of the priorities of language teachers is to ensure classes are interesting and engaging. Learners’ different backgrounds and individual preferences, however, make each class unique. The objective of EFL classroom adopting Communicative language teaching (CLT) approach is to be fluent and communicative competence in genuine communication (Hatch1978; Nunan, 1987). In this context, EFL teachers play a pivotal role in creating a comfortable environment to persuade the students in communicative interaction. By a good communication between the teacher and students the teaching learning process will be more effective. The teachers can motivate and encourage students to communicate with them well, if interaction has been done. Teachers as the source of second language or foreign language should give meaningful interactions to the students. Krashen(1981,1985) states to facilitate such meaningful interactions, EFL teachers serve as a source of L2 input to the students. The writer attempts to build the pattern of student teacher interaction and reveals the factors inhibit teachers to interact with students.
The Use of Pictures as Media to Improve Students’ Reading Comprehension
Authors: Efendi Mukhamad Ardiansyah
Published: June 2021

Reading is an important skill for developing second language competence. The success of a learning a second language is by taking the power of reading. In the classroom, we will face many techniques applied to the students under the expectation that they are able to or easy to understand the lesson. For a teacher, it is necessary to find new teaching media to overcome the problems and not to forget to motivate the students. In this paper, the writer wants to know the effect of picture as a media to improve students’ reading comprehension. The purpose of this research is to find out whether the use of pictures can improve students’ reading comprehension or not. To make the students easily understand about the reading material, teacher needs to have a teaching media. Then, the writer chooses visual media that is picture to increase students’ reading mastery. Pictures are considered as the best media in teaching reading because using picture as a teaching media are able to give the students a clear illustration regarding the correlated topics in texts, tell the students what is going on, and what are the persons in the text are talking about. Nowadays, the pictures and the technologies are becoming more and more advanced. In this decade, we can already materialize a more advanced picture that added by motion and sounds by using simple applications provided in home personal computer. Moreover, the students now are quite used and interested to apply any high tech media.

Based on the result of discussion, it can be concluded that pictures are theoretically can be a good media to help the students enhancing their reading comprehension. Therefore in this view, it is justifiable to hypothetically conclude that using pictures for strengthening students’ visual sense can help them to understand a text.
The Effect of Flipped Classroom Through LINE in Teaching English Articles
Authors: Supiani Munjaroh Dwi , Arifani Yudhi , Asmana Candra Hadi
Published: June 2021

Teaching in English is a worldwide priority, but teaching methodology is not necessarily in line with the changing needs of students. Therefore, this study explores the effects of flipped classes on material English articles, and compares this instructional design with the traditional instruction. Design of experimental research consisting of group experiments and controls. The experimental group (N = 23) is subject to flipped instruction, where learning content is provided outside of class time through electronic means of LINE  and class time is used for activities. In the control group, students (N = 23) are taught in traditional methods, where learning is delivered during classes and additional exercises are given outside class time.The subect of the study was eight grade student of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Asy'ariyah.Pre test and post test are given to students in advance and at the end  of material to know the impact of two teaching methods in English articles. Findings show  that students in flipped classroom do English articles better in the post-test than in the pre- test.The pre and post test values of the experimental group showed that the significance value (2-tailed) was 0,000 (p <0.05). So the results of the initial test and final test underwent significant changes.The result from the flipped and traditional approaches is very significant. Most students who flipped generally have a good perception of the flipped class. With This research, it is hoped that the teacher can apply this strategy in different material. For student must be more understand about English articles.
Innovazione e tradizione nelle costituzioni del Novecento. Note preliminari
Authors: Luciani Massimo
Published: June 2021

The balance that constitutions must find between tradition and innovation is a complex issue. Respect for the tradition is essential to signal the continuity of the political community; the planning of innovation is essential to signal the break with a constitutional order overwhelmed by history. Examples of such a difficult balance are countless (particularly significant is that of the Confederate States of America) and can easily understood by studying the evolution of political symbols, especially in times of constitutional transition. The issue of the balance between tradition and innovation is studied here with particular reference to the constitutions of the twentieth century.
Et isto me heredem fecit. La consegna dell’anello nel contesto della successione romana
Authors: Avenarius Martin
Published: June 2021

According to traditional Roman views, the close relationship between testator and heir obliges the latter to fulfil various expectations. The general obligations which arise from principles such as fides and pietas are reinforced by the two parties’ special relationship and resulting duties. In time the heir’s amplified duties partly influenced the law. The heir remains liable to the deceased testator because the position of successor goes rightfully to whoever deserves it and who subsequently must prove himself worthy. The establishment of the aforementioned relationship manifests itself in the handover of the ring on the deathbed. It does not make an heir of the recipient; instead, it uniquely symbolises the ambivalence of inheritance according to the pre-classical mindset. Thus, the ring stands for power and commitment at the same time, for authority and obligation alike.
La teologia giuridica di Jean Domat
Authors: Brutti Massimo
Published: June 2021

Jean Domats’ legal work is inspired by the religious orientations of Jansenism. Domat supported the positions of the group of Port Royal and of the philosopher Blaise Pascal in the battle against the Jesuits. In the general theory of norms, in the five books of Lois civiles dans leur ordre naturel, he proposes an arrangement of private law in force in France during the last decades of the seventeenth century. In Droit Public he deals with political organization. The Roman law of tradition is the starting point of his theoretical work. The image of ‘civil society’ outlined in his writings has a theological foundation. The obligations that govern collective life correspond to the divine plan. From God’s will derive the composition of selfishness, the natural equality that governs contracts and the differentiations between personal statuses. Modern forms of exchange coexist with feudal remnants of subordination, and he illustrates the legal forms of this interweaving, distinguishing lois immuables from arbitrary laws. The idea that legal science must have an unquestionable basis, a dogmatic component, central to the pages of Domat, will return several times in the European culture of later centuries. It will be the basis of contemporary civil law doctrines.
Una propuesta de cambio de paradigma de la Cátedra Alfonso Moreno desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Freitas de Torres Leslie
Published: June 2021

El Departamento de Música de la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes (México), desde su creación, ha implementado acciones académicas para el desarrollo de sus estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Música, siendo una de ellas la Cátedra Alfonso Moreno. La cátedra en cuestión consiste en la visita de un músico, de reconocida trayectoria, para que comparta sus conocimientos artísticos con alumnado y profesorado del Departamento de Música, mediante recitales, talleres o conferencias. Pese a una década de existencia, en su semblanza solo se conoce la visita de músicos del sexo masculino. Por ello, este estudio, abordado desde una perspectiva histórica, pretende dar a conocer los nombres de algunas artistas mexicanas de la actualidad que han alcanzado notoriedad en la música clásica tanto a nivel nacional como internacional y que, caso fuesen invitadas, aportarían un cambio de paradigma desde la perspectiva de género a la Cátedra Alfonso Moreno.
O Significado do trabalho e do não trabalhar na perspectiva masculina: Uma análise Junguiana
Authors: Wahba Liliana Liviano , Oliveira Ísis Fabiana de Souza
Published: June 2021

Using Analytical Psychology as a theoretical basis, the present study aimed at clarifying and understanding the meanings that the man, who does not work, nor has an income of his own, attributes to himself, to his situation and to the social expectations related to working. Another objective was to elucidate which would be, in that case, the existing factors of investment and/or disinvestment in the work. Therefore, the study explored subjective aspects, using the qualitative approach and employing the Life History interview as a research tool. The research included four participants living in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The inclusion criteria required that the participants be men, in the age group of approximate 30 years, without any paid work nor any type of income for at least five months, and financially dependent on their family members or spouses. The results show that the perception of work is an elementary configuration in the life trajectory. Work may signify a constant obligation — an imposition that endures — or be a meaning in transformation — leading to resignifications. The association between work and identity affirmation — as well as conscious and unconscious motivations — stands out. The research also made it possible to infer the existence of complexes resulting from the work experience. The survey of the subjective experiences linked to an increasingly prevailing conjuncture in the current society points to the intense affective load related to work. In this context, the assistance of the clinical psychologist becomes relevant.
Melittopalynological studies of Apis dorsata honey samples from Kolar District, Karnataka, India
Authors: T.C. Gopal
Published: June 2021

Honeybees, while foraging for nectar on flowers, also gather some pollen which retains in the honey even after extraction. Pollen grains are the essential tools in the analysis of honey. The aim of the present report was to find the Apis dorsata honey floral resources in Kolar district state Karnataka. In the present study, the pollen content of 28 A. dorsata honey samples were collected from 5 different locations of Kolar district, Karnataka, India. Samples were subjected to Melittopalynological studies to identify their honey plant resources and colour, optic density and collection places were documented. A wide variety of pollen types represent their plant sources and their frequency classes were recognized in each honey sample. Among 28 honey samples analysed, 10 samples were identified as multifloral, 18 unifloral with predominant pollen types such as Syzygium cumini, Pongamia pinnata, Eucalyptus sp, Guizotia abyssinica, Psidium guajava and Coriandrum sativum, each count was found above 45%. Pollen spectra indicated a total of 56 pollen types belonging to 27 plant families. Fabaceae was represented as the largest family with 14 species contributing honey production. Among the habit, tree was dominant with 51.78%, followed by herbs (32.14%) and shrubs (16.07%). The economic importance of identified plants with apiculture importance was categorized as medicinal, ornamental, vegetable, timber and oil yielding, weeds, fruits and nuts. A. dorsata depends on wild trees and cultivated plants bloom throughout the year as pollen and nectar source. From the results, it is evident that there is a lot of potential in establishing beekeeping industries in the study area.
Molecular docking studies of Chenopodium album Linn with Lanosterol synthase enzyme
Authors: Madhuri Jupudi Vasantha , Goteti LNS Prakash
Published: June 2021

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major cause of death among people across the globe.  Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major contributing factors for CVD. Molecules that bind with Lanosterol synthase enzyme, can be potential drug targets.  Statin group of compounds like Simvastatin, cerivastatin, Atorvastatin etc., used for treating hypercholesterolemia have side effects and hence there is a growing demand for plant derived flavonoids.  This work focusses on studying the compounds quercetin-3-O-(2??,6??-di-O-?-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-?-d-glucopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-(2??,6??-di-O-?-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-?-d-glucopyranoside, rutin; quercetin-3-O-?-d-glucopyranoside (Iso quercetin); and kaempferol-3-O-?-d-glucopyranoside (Astragalin) present in Chenopodium album Linn to inhibit Lanosterol synthase.   Bioactivity score, drug likeness character was assessed in silico.  Based on bioactivity spectrum, it is observed that the molecules are biologically active and the probability of these compounds to be biologically active is ranging from 0.784 to 0.992, suggesting that these compounds are effective for treating hypercholesterolemia.   In the molecular docking studies, the compounds binding affinity score was in agreement that the molecules have the potential to be used as an alternative to the statin group of compounds in treating cholesterol.
Triazophos induced neuro-splenic toxicity and evaluation of antioxidative potential of aqueous Broccoli extract in Wistar albino rats
Authors: Sharma Dharmender , Sangha Gurinder Kaur
Published: June 2021

The present investigation was carried out to assess the antioxidative potential of Broccoli sprouts aqueous extract (BE) against triazophos (TZ) induced oxidative stress (OS) in brain and spleen. In the experimental setup, six groups of rats were formed; Control (group 1), BE (group 2), TZ (group 3), and also BE+TZ groups such as BE1 (group 4), BE2 (group 5) and BE3 (group 6) groups. Rats were orally intubated for 30 days as per experimental design. After sacrifice, OS biomarkers viz; catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were determined in brain and spleen. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was observed in plasma and brain samples. Histological study of the spleen in TZ rats showed increased thickness of capsule, congestion and hypocellularity in follicles of spleen’s white pulp and the histoarchitecture was restored in TZ+BE group rats. TZ caused degenerative changes in brain histology and rats showed mild congestion along with haemorrhage in the cerebral cortex. Results suggest that TZ exposure is associated with neural toxicity along with altered spleen stress biomarkers, which further corroborates with histopathological findings. It is inferred that BE exerts multi-mechanistic protective effects against TZ induced neuro-splenic toxicity which is attributable to its protective antioxidant actions.
Lipid yields from oleaginous yeasts isolated from the north Peruvian Andes by culture media non-limiting nitrogen
Authors: Alexander Méndez Polo César , Jonathan Quiroz Rodríguez Freddy , Soledad Soriano Bernilla Bertha , Rosa Rojas-Padilla Carmen , Víctor Javier Vásquez-Villalobos
Published: June 2021

Oleochemicals can be obtained from oily yeasts due to their ability to produce a high lipid content. This research aimed to isolate them from the North Peruvian Andes with a lipid content greater than 20%. They were identified by sequencing internal transcribed spacer regions ITS of conserved ribosomal DNA (rDNA), evaluate their growth kinetics, biomass and lipid yields, using culture media with C/N 100:1+xylose (MS-1-7) and 2:1+glucose (MS-2-7). Growth kinetics up to the maximum stationary phase was evaluated using the parameterized Gompertz type II model. Rhodotorula glutinis, R. mucilaginosa, and R. kratochvilovae were selected. The C/N ratio in the culture medium influenced growth kinetics, biomass and lipids yields. With MS-1-7, a high specific growth rate (?max) was obtained, reaching the stationary phase between 6 to 9 h and the highest lipid accumulation between 23.1% and 31.5%. With the MS-2-7 medium, maximum biomass value obtained in the stationary phase between 37 and 51 h, which generated the highest biomass yields at the end of the entire process and lipid yield of 4.65, 5.59, and 8.80 g L-1 in the strains mentioned. There is potential to obtain high lipid yields using a culture media non-limiting nitrogen, examining not only the C/N ratio. But also, the quantities, nature of the components, and type of oleaginous yeasts taking care to avoid a high carbon concentration to prevent the Cabtree effect.
Multifactorial control of gonadotropin release for induction of oocyte maturation: Influence of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropin release-inhibiting factor and dopamine receptors in the catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis
Authors: Kumari Pooja , Sehgal Neeta , Goswami S. V. , Aggarwal Neerja
Published: June 2021

Several external and internal factors contribute to the reproductive success of teleosts, which makes the reproductive process complex and unique. In the Indian freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, monsoon plays a crucial role as it fine tunes the neuroendocrine axis, culminating in oocyte maturation. Therefore, induction of oocyte maturation requires the coordinated interaction among hypothalamic, hypophyseal, and peripheral hormones.  In the present investigation, dual neuroendocrine control of oocyte maturation has been demonstrated in the catfish, H. fossilis. The maturational response in gravid catfish is inhibited in the presence of dopamine but GnRH evokes the oocyte maturation and ovulation. GnRH upregulates the expression of lhb gene as well as increases plasma levels of LH significantly within 30 minutes of its administration. Destruction of the preoptic region in gravid catfish by electrolytic or chemical lesions also causes oocyte maturation and ovulation. But this response is inhibited if dopamine is injected into the nucleus preopticus periventricularis-lesioned fishes. These observations support the role of dopamine as an inhibitory factor, therefore specific receptors of dopamine have been characterized in catfish and their expression in the brain has been quantified. Dopamine receptors are upregulated in dopamine-treated fishes and downregulated if a dopamine antagonist (pimozide) is injected. The present study suggests the presence of inhibitory mechanism for LH secretion in gravid catfish. Abolition of this inhibition is necessary to release LH surge, which in turn stimulates resumption of meiosis and ovulation. Thus peptidergic as well as aminergic systems regulate oocyte maturation in H. fossilis. Neuroendocrine regulation of oocyte maturation and ovulation has major implications for inducing spawning in aquaculture.
Effect of land configurations and Pongamia mulch on soil moisture content and yield of yellow pericarp sorghum during kharif
Authors: Reddy K. Jaisimha , Madhubindu G. S. , Hussain S. A. , Devi M. Uma
Published: June 2021

The present work aims to determine the effect of land configurations and Pongamia pinnata mulch on soil moisture content and yield of yellow sorghum during kharif, 2018-19 on sandy clay loam soils of Hyderabad. The experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The treatments included land configurations (Flatbed, Ridge and furrow, Broad bed and furrow, Flatbed + Mulch, Ridge and Furrow + Mulch, Broad bed and furrow + Mulch) and yellow sorghum genotypes (PYPS 101, PYPS 102, PYPS 103 and PYPS 104). Mulch used in this investigation was Pongamia leaf mulch applied @ 6 t ha-1 uniformly at 20 DAS. Soil moisture played a vital role in increasing crop yields in the rainfed regions of the semi-arid tropics. During most crop growth stages, the availability of soil water was increased by Broad bed and furrow + mulch, resulting in increased grain yield by 37 % (1701 kg ha-1) of yellow sorghum over flatbed. Ridge and furrow + mulch were found to be the next best treatment, with a grain yield of 1590 kg ha-1. Mulched treatments of flatbed, ridge and furrow and broad bed and furrow increased the grain yield by 20%, 28% and 37%, respectively, compared to flatbed without mulch. The present study will help in recognizing profitable moisture conservation practices and the role of Pongamia mulch in soil moisture conservation and yield maximization of yellow sorghum.
The Ethics of Using Digital Trace Data in Education: A Thematic Review of the Research Landscape
Authors: Hakimi Laura , Eynon Rebecca , Murphy Victoria A.
Published: June 2021

This article presents the findings of a systematic qualitative analysis of research in the ethics of digital trace data use in learning and education. From the resulting analysis of 77 peer-reviewed studies, we (1) map the characteristics of research by study type, academic community, institutional setting, and national context; (2) identify the primary ethical concerns and related responses; and (3) highlight the research gaps. Four areas of focus are identified in this emerging area: (1) privacy, informed consent, and data ownership; (2) validity and integrity; (3) ethical decision making; and (4) governance and accountability. We highlight the lack of evidence particularly for preschool and school-aged children and the disparate communities working in this domain, and we suggest a more cohesive approach, where the wider learning and educational ecosystem is recognized, explicit engagement with ethical theory is central, and mid- to long-term ethical issues are considered alongside immediate concerns.
Nasib Pancasila dalam Kurikulum Nasional
Authors: Gultom Pardomuan
Published: June 2021

Pancasila sebagai dasar berdirinya Indonesia sebagai negara, tidak bisa dipisahkan dari kebijakan dalam penyelenggaraan negara, khususnya bidang pendidikan. Memformalkan Pancasila dalam bentuk kurikulum tanpa memahaminya sebagai dasar negara Indonesia yang merdeka, sebagai penuntun perjalanan kehidupan sebuah bangsa, dapat dikatakan seperti membangun menara gading atau membangun rumah di atas pasir. Tidak kokoh, mudah diterpa angin. Dalam istilah penulis, pendidikan Pancasila adalah “pendidikan filosofi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara”. Dia tidak hanya dibatasi pada formalisme satuan pengajaran dalam lingkup sekolah dan kampus dengan model hafalan dan indoktrinasi, tetapi harus mampu membentuk karakter dan jiwa berbangsa dan bernegara yang kuat terhadap pemerintah dan rakyat.
Inside UK Universities: Staff mental health and wellbeing during the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Dougall Isla , Weick Mario , Vasiljevic Milica
Published: June 2021

This report documents the mental health and wellbeing of university staff during the coronavirus pandemic, using survey data collected online in March 2021 from 1,182 staff employed across 92 UK universities. Overall, the survey data suggest that university staff are grappling with high levels of poor mental health and wellbeing:• One in two university staff reported experiencing chronic emotional exhaustion (55%), worry (53%), and stress (51%) during the academic year 2020/21.• Half of the staff surveyed (47%) described their mental health as poor.• Over a third of staff members reported low life satisfaction (36%).• More than a quarter of staff reported feeling as if the things they did in their lives were not worthwhile (27%).• One in two staff members experienced high levels of anxiety (50%) – 1.5 times higher than the national average (32%).• One in three university staff reported low levels of happiness (33%) compared with a national average1 of one in seven (14%).In this report, we explore factors that may alleviate the burden of poor mental health and wellbeing amongst HE staff. Factors that fall more within the remit of institutions include social inclusion and the alignment between skills and task demands. Factors that fall more within the remit of government and policy makers include autonomy and the value that is placed on universities and their staff. In publishing this report, we hope institutional leaders and policy makers will recognise the urgent need to improve staff mental health and wellbeing. As we approach another academic year impacted by Covid-19 and universities in England brace themselves for funding cuts in the next spending review, action is needed to prevent a further deterioration in staff mental health and wellbeing.
Frequency as a Barrier to Learning Complex Nominal Morphology
Authors: Finley Sara
Published: June 2021

Most languages with highly structed morphological systems show some degree of syncretism, where the same affix is used for multiple categories. The typology of syncretism has suggested that syncretism is most likely to occur for structurally and semantically marked categories, but are often confounded with frequency. In two artificial grammar learning experiments, English-speaking adults were exposed to a 3-gender x 3-number nominal system, where one number category (Singular, Dual, or Plural) showed syncretism across gender. In the experiment, the frequency of the syncretic morpheme was equal to non-syncretic morphemes, but there were 3x fewer items containing the syncretic morpheme. In Experiment 1, participants failed to learn the syncretic morpheme, with no biases for marked categories. In Experiment 2, when the low frequency category was always neuter, participants learned the category in all cases except the dual. These results suggest that low frequency of syncretic items significantly impairs learning syncretic categories. Suggestions for design and implementation of learning low frequency categories are discussed.
Aha! moments correspond to metacognitive prediction errors
Authors: Dubey Rachit , Ho Mark K , Mehta Hermish , Griffiths Tom
Published: June 2021

Psychologists have long been fascinated with understanding the nature of Aha! moments, moments when we transition from not knowing to suddenly realizing the solution to a problem. In this work, we present a theoretical framework that explains why we experience Aha! moments. Our theory posits that during problem-solving, in addition to solving the problem, people also maintain a metacognitive model of their ability to solve the problem as well as a prediction about the time it would take them to solve that problem. Aha! moments arise when we experience a positive error in this metacognitive prediction, i.e. when we solve a problem much faster than we expected to solve it. We posit that this metacognitive error is analogous to a positive reward prediction error thereby explaining why we feel so good after an Aha! moment. We provide support to our theory across three large-scale pre-registered experiments on problem solving, demonstrating a link between metacognitive prediction errors and Aha! moments. These results highlight the importance of metacognitive prediction errors and deepen our understanding of human metareasoning.
A strategic framework for selecting adverse events in healthcare for investigation to improve patient safety
Authors: Tajik Athar Ali
Published: June 2021

AimsThis paper aims to address the research question: What is an effective framework to strategically select nationally reported serious adverse events in healthcare for investigation to improve patient safety? BackgroundThe healthcare system is globally under strain due to an aging population with increasing co-morbidities. Serious adverse events remain a consistent challenge. Patient safety can be improved by investigating cases and addressing underlying systemic risks. However, due to resource limitations, only a limited number of cases can be investigated. This necessitates a strategic selection of cases with the greatest potential for improving patient safety. This paper aims to develop a theoretical framework that identifies the key strategic issues that should be addressed when setting up a new national healthcare safety investigative body to select adverse events for investigation.MethodsThis study will primarily draw on semi-structured interviews with senior stakeholders in key healthcare regulatory agencies in Norway. For comparative purposes, a stakeholder from a key United Kingdom healthcare agency was also interviewed. The interview template is developed based on insights from a literature review and develop existing safety frameworks such as the Framework for Managing Risk. The paper also draws on selected tools from Strategy Management.ResultsA novel theoretical framework was developed to help set up case selection mechanism in a new national investigative body. The framework consists of four strategic themes that should be considered both sequentially and cyclically. Within each theme several key policy questions were identified.(1)Governance: role and powers, independence, and stakeholder engagement (2)Monitoring risk: adverse events, quality indicators, and unexplained variation(3)Strategic portfolio: broad coverage, vulnerable groups, and underreporting (4)Individual case selection: outcome, systemic risk, and learning potentialConclusionsPolicy makers should carefully consider the themes and questions in the proposed theoretical framework when setting up a new national safety investigative agency. In turn, this can ensure that the implemented selection mechanism identifies cases with the greatest potential to improve patient safety.
The first described case of Lodderomyces elongisporus meningitis
Authors: Dear Taylor , Joe Yu Yeyao , Pandey Sachin , Fuller Jeff , Devlin Megan K
Published: June 2021

We describe the first documented case of meningitis caused by Lodderomyces elongisporus. Identification of L. elongisporus was made on the basis of an arachnoid biopsy with pathology samples sent for fungal internal transcribed spacer sequencing after multiple central nervous system (CNS) fungal culture specimens were negative. After final diagnosis, treatment was transitioned from amphotericin to fluconazole, which, combined with insertion of lumbar drain followed by a permanent ventriculopleural shunt, resulted in significant clinical improvement. Our report reviews the literature of ( 1 ) cases of L. elongisporus, which almost exclusively describe fungemia or endocarditis; ( 2 ) CNS infections caused by Candida parapsilosis, an organism with which L. elongisporus was previously conflated; and ( 3 ) management of fungal meningitis–associated hydrocephalus.
Aluminum Alloy Castings
Authors: Kaufman J. Gilbert , Rooy Elwin L.
Published: June 2021

Aluminum Alloy Castings: Properties, Processes and Applications is a practical guide to the process, structure, property relationships associated with aluminum alloy castings and casting processes. It covers a wide range of casting methods, including variations of sand casting, permanent mold casting, and pressure die casting, showing how key process variables affect the microstructure, properties, and performance of cast aluminum parts. Other chapters provide similar information on the effects of alloying and heat treating and the influence and control of porosity and inclusions. A significant portion of the book contains curated collections of property and performance data, including many previously unpublished aging response curves, growth curves, and fatigue curves; tensile properties at high and low temperatures and at room temperature after high-temperature exposure; the results of creep rupture tests conducted at temperatures from 212 to 600 °F (100 to 315 °C); and stress-strain curves obtained from casting alloys in various tempers under tensile or compressive loads. The book also discusses the factors that contribute to corrosion and fracture resistance and includes test specimen drawings as well as a glossary of terms. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-0-87170-803-8, follow this link.
The old garden
Authors: Smirnov A. E.
Published: June 2021

Smirnov’s essay is devoted to an episode from Gogol’s Dead Souls [Myortvye dushi]; rather a landscape than an episode. In Gogol’s opinion, a landscape is not a copy of nature but an artist’s creation. A landscape is meant to be created, not copied from nature: the role of a master craftsman is not to usher the viewer along the trimmed bosquets of a French formal garden, unsurprising and immediately recognisable, but to lure them into the thicket of his imagination. It is with such a fruit of imagination that we are faced in the case of the neglected, unruly and overgrown garden on the landowner Plyushkin’s estate. The author examines Gogol’s description of the garden in detail, almost word by word, uncovering the hidden symbolic meaning of contrasting the village, ugly in its state of neglect, with the landowner’s garden, equally neglected but beautiful nonetheless. What is piles of rubbish in the village streets becomes pretty fallen leaves on the garden paths; the author suggests that Gogol used this contrast to let nature ‘correct’ the gardener, i. e. to remove the incompetent human alterations and reveal itself in its full glory.
Stulov, Y. (2019). 100 US writers. Minsk: Vysheyshaya shkola. (In Russ.)
Authors: Osovsky O. E. , Kirzhaeva V. P.
Published: June 2021

The review of the dictionary 100 US Writers [100 pisateley SShA] analyses the entries that cover biographical information, summarise the writer’s output and contain lists of their principal works and their translations into Russian and Belorussian, as well as the most significant research on the writer’s works. The reviewers find that the dictionary is very well executed. However, they are somewhat baffled by the selection principles. In Y. Stulov’s opinion, one should take into account new participants of the literary process and the level of the readers’ familiarity with authors whose books remained inaccessible for ideological reasons. While supporting his position in general, the reviewers point out several notable omissions, for example, P. Buck, B. Dylan, J. Irving, P. Theroux, L. Erdrich, etc. The book’s indisputable merit lies in its ‘open’ structure that allows for new individual entries to be included in subsequent editions.