bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Active sound quality control of vehicle interior noise using a dual sampling-rate active noise equalization algorithm
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Zhang Lijun , Meng Dejian
Published: November 2022

In-vehicle active sound quality control (ASQC) system is an advanced application of active noise control (ANC) technology, which always suppresses the interior sound pressure or improves the psychoacoustic features. However, the connection between the sound quality control state and the vehicle's working state is normally ignored, and the passenger's sound perception typically expects a linear relationship between the vehicle speed and sound loudness. This paper presents a dual sampling-rate active noise equalization algorithm. The low sampling-rate signal is used to improve system computing efficiency, the high sampling-rate signal is used to improve the ASQC effect, and their conversion communication uses a hold (low to high) and a sampler (high to low). The data relating to the ASQC system was collected, and some sound quality evaluations were conducted for determining two appropriate sampling-rate values. Combining a genetic algorithm and the corresponding ASQC simulation system, the algorithmic optimal convergence coefficients and gain coefficients were further determined at different engine speeds. The verification results of ASQC using this proposed algorithm show that the loudness of interior noise is effectively suppressed; the nonlinear index is reduced to 1.37, improving by 37% relative to the original noise and by 20% compared to the ANC system.
Graduate acoustics at Brigham Young University
Authors: Allen Matthew S. , Anderson Brian E. , Blotter Jonathan D. , Gee Kent L. , Neilsen Tracianne B. , Shepherd Micah , Sommerfeldt Scott D.
Published: November 2022

Graduate studies in acoustics at Brigham Young University prepare students for industry, research, and academia by complementing in-depth coursework with publishable research. Coursework provides a solid foundation in core acoustical principles and practices and measurement skills, including a strong foundation in experimental techniques and technical writing. Labs across the curriculum cover calibration, directivity, scattering, absorption, laser Doppler vibrometry, experimental methods for dynamic structures, lumped-element mechanical systems, equivalent circuit modeling, arrays, filters, room acoustics, active noise control, and near-field acoustical holography. Recent thesis and dissertation topics include active noise control, directivity, room acoustics, energy-based acoustics, time reversal, nondestructive evaluation, vibration and acoustics of aerospace vehicles, biomedical applications, flow-based acoustics, voice production, aeroacoustics, sound propagation modeling, nonlinear propagation, high-amplitude noise analyses, machine and deep learning applied to ambient noise level prediction, crowd noise interpretation, and underwater acoustic source localization, and ocean environment classification. Graduate students are expected to present research at professional meetings and publish in peer-reviewed acoustics journals. Additionally, graduate students often serve as peer mentors to undergraduate students on related projects and may participate in field experiments to gain additional experience.@BYUAcoustics
Acoustics and cognitive psychology at the University at Buffalo, the State University of New York
Authors: Dent Micheal , Bulgarelli Federica , Buxó-Lugo Andres , McNorgan Christopher , Mercado Eduardo , Pfordresher Peter
Published: November 2022

The Psychology Department at the University at Buffalo, SUNY offers mentorship-based, research-intensive Masters’ and Doctoral degrees in Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Areas of Psychology. Faculty specialize in audition, vocal production, psycholinguistics, bioacoustics, language development, attention, music cognition, and learning. Specific expertise includes auditory and vocal processing and multisensory integration across the lifespan. Study populations include mice, whales, and human children and adults, including special populations such as musicians, bilinguals, and people with conditions like aphasia, autism, dyslexia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methodologies include, but are not limited to, eye tracking, functional magnetic resonance imaging, motion capture, animal psychophysics, electroencephalograms, and surface electromyography. The program is collaborative, collegial, and supportive, and the graduate student stipends are competitive in an area of the country with a low cost of living. Students train with other students and faculty to become experts in their chosen area of study. The combination of academic and research training allows students to thrive and leave the program prepared for independent careers in academia or applied settings such as industry. See: https://arts-sciences.buffalo.edu/psychology/graduate/overview.html for more information about the program.
The acoustics program at Georgia Tech
Authors: Sabra Karim G. , Shi Chengzhi , Arvanitis Costas , Meaud Julien , Degertekin F Levent , Erturk Alper , Leamy Michael , Declercq Nico
Published: November 2022

The acoustics education program at the Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) is run by members of the Acoustics and Dynamics research area group from the School of Mechanical Engineering. We will briefly review the scope of this program in terms of education and research activities
Graduate acoustics education in the Cockrell School of Engineering at The University of Texas at Austin
Authors: Ballard Megan , Haberman Michael R. , Hall Neal A. , Hamilton Mark F. , Porter Tyrone M. , Wilson Preston S.
Published: November 2022

While graduate study in acoustics takes place in several colleges and schools at The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin), including Communication, Fine Arts, Geosciences, and Natural Sciences, this poster focuses on the acoustics program in Engineering. The core of this program resides in the Departments of Mechanical Engineering (ME) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE). Acoustics faculty in each department supervise graduate students in both departments. One undergraduate and nine graduate acoustics courses are taught in ME and ECE. Instructors for these courses include staff at Applied Research Laboratories at UT Austin, where many of the graduate students have research assistantships. The undergraduate course, taught every fall, begins with basic physical acoustics and proceeds to draw examples from different areas of engineering acoustics. Three of the graduate courses are taught every year: a two course sequence on physical acoustics, and a transducers course. The remaining six graduate acoustics courses, taught in alternate years, are on nonlinear acoustics, underwater acoustics, ultrasonics, architectural acoustics, wave phenomena, and acoustic metamaterials. An acoustics seminar is held most Fridays during the long semesters, averaging over ten per semester since 1984. The ME and ECE departments both offer Ph.D. qualifying exams in acoustics.
Graduate education in acoustics at a distance from Penn State
Authors: Russell Daniel A. , Barnard Andrew
Published: November 2022

The Graduate Program in Acoustics at Penn State has been providing access to graduate level education in Acoustics for remote students across the country and around the world for more than 35 years. This poster summarizes the distance education Acoustics program from Penn State by showcasing student demographics, capstone paper topics, enrollment statistics and trends, and the success of our graduates. Our distance education program is offered in conjunction with our resident graduate program—course lectures are broadcast as a live stream over Zoom from a hybrid multimedia classroom allowing remote students to engage with faculty and students during live lectures; archived recordings are available for offline viewing afterward. Courses offered for distance education students include: fundamentals of acoustics and vibration, electroacoustic transducers, signal processing, acoustics in fluid media, sound and structure interaction, digital signal processing, aerodynamic noise, acoustic measurements and data analysis, ocean acoustics, architectural acoustics, noise control engineering, nonlinear acoustics, outdoor sound propagation, computational acoustics, flow induced noise, spatial sound and 3D audio, marine bioacoustics, and acoustics of musical instruments. Distance Education students can earn the M.Eng. in Acoustics degree remotely by completing 30 credits of coursework and writing a capstone paper.
Comparison and regression analysis of lateral sonic boom measurements and PCBoom predictions
Authors: Durrant J. T. , Doebler William , Loubeau Alexandra , Anderson Mark C. , Gee Kent L.
Published: November 2022

NASA plans to fly the X-59 aircraft over communities to gather data on the response to quiet supersonic flight. This data campaign could revolutionize the aerospace industry by enabling commercial, overland supersonic flight. To prepare for this campaign, NASA is developing PCBoom, a software suite of sonic boom modeling tools. PCBoom-predicted Perceived Level (PL) values were previously compared with measured PL values from a recent NASA test flight campaign, Quiet Supersonic Flights 2018 (QSF18), and were found to differ by an average of 6 dB. This work investigates the PCBoom prediction performance using data from NASA’s 2020 CarpetDIEM Phase I flight test using an F-18 aircraft. PL predictions are compared using the PCBoom default F-18 F-function near-field as input versus a computational fluid dynamics near-field solution for the aircraft as input. To investigate potential sources of metric variability and differences between modeled and measured metrics, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and least-squares regression are used. Because weather has a strong influence on sonic boom variability, the regression techniques are also used to guide the necessary number of ground weather measurements to capture boom metric variability. [Work supported by NASA Langley Research Center through the National Institute of Aerospace.]
Using appropriate aircraft noise metrics for various applications
Authors: Jovanovic Julia , Novak Colin
Published: November 2022

Aircraft operations and the resulting noise emissions have widespread implications that affect numerous stakeholders including airport authorities, airlines, navigation providers, government entities, developers, investors, community members and more. These diverse audiences require information about the degrees of impact of aircraft operations as they relate to noise. The outcome from the use of this information can affect everything from airspace design, zoning, building codes, regulatory measures, public guidance etc. To simplify the subject of aircraft noise, there has always been an effort to use a single metric for the numerous applications listed above. However, this approach more often contributes to confusion and discrepancies as multiple agencies try to force a metric to fit a purpose for which it was not intended. While cumulative noise metrics such as DNL or NEF might be appropriate for annoyance prediction and land-use planning, they are not appropriate for communicating noise data to the public. Likewise, these metrics are not appropriate for building code requirements as they cannot be applied without conversions. Different metrics are developed for different purposes, and they should be applied for their prescribed usage. This paper discusses several metrics and their appropriate applications within the study of aircraft noise and its impacts.
Surrogate models of complex dynamic systems from energy distributions
Authors: McDaniel James G. , Kaminski Allison
Published: November 2022

Engineers who design complex dynamic systems do not have the luxury of iteration. Numerical analysis of a single design, typically by finite element analysis, requires enormous amounts of CPU time. Therefore, improving a design by trying out many design modifications is impossible. Moreover, it is also impossible to identify which subsystem designs have the largest effects on the dynamic response of the system. The present work addresses this challenge by constructing surrogate models from energy distributions in a nominal design. These surrogate models are surprisingly effective at identifying subsystems that have the largest effects on the dynamic response, and therefore guide engineers to design modifications that matter most. A significant advantage of these surrogate models is the very low cost of creating them, as they are created directly from the frequency response of a nominal design and therefore do not require additional linear solves or other time-intensive calculations. This presentation begins with an analytical justification for considering energy distributions as surrogate models. Next, Monte Carlo Simulations are presented to show strong correlations between energy distributions and the effects of design changes on dynamic responses. These simulations include random structures as well as beams. Work supported by ONR under Grant N00014-19-1-2100.
On machine learning-driven surrogates for sound transmission loss simulations
Authors: Cunha Barbara Z. , Zine Abdel-Malek , Ichchou Mohamed , Droz Christophe , Foulard Stéphane
Published: November 2022

Surrogate models are data-based approximations of computationally expensive simulations that enable efficient exploration of the model’s design space and informed decision-making in many physical domains. The usage of surrogate models in the vibroacoustic domain, however, is challenging due to the non-smooth, complex behavior of wave phenomena. This work investigates four Machine Learning approaches in the modeling of surrogates of Sound Transmission Loss. Feature importance and feature engineering are used to improve the models’ accuracy while increasing their interpretability and physical consistency. The transfer of the proposed techniques to other problems in the vibroacoustic domain and possible limitations of the models are discussed.
Krüppel-like factor 4 regulates the cytolytic effector function of exhausted CD8 T cells
Authors: Nah Jinwoo , Seong Rho H.
Published: November 2022

Exhausted CD8 T cells during chronic inflammatory responses against viral infections and cancer are phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous. In particular, CD8 T cells with cytolytic effector function have been recently identified among the exhausted CD8 T cell subsets. However, the regulation of their differentiation and function remains largely unknown. Here, we report that Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a critical regulator of the exhaustion process, promoting the cytolytic effector function of exhausted CD8 T cells. KLF4-expressing CD8 T cells in exhaustion contexts showed the features of transitory effector CD8 T cells. Enforced KLF4 expression increased CD8 T cell differentiation into transitory effector subsets and enhanced their antitumor immunity. We further demonstrated that KLF4 also showed a capacity of reinvigorating exhausted CD8 T cells. Last, high KLF4 expression was positively correlated with a favorable prognosis in human patients with cancer. Our study highlights the potential impacts of KLF4 on CD8 T cell exhaustion and antitumor immune therapy.
A central role for STAT5 in the transcriptional programing of T helper cell metabolism
Authors: Villarino Alejandro V. , Laurence Arian DJ , Davis Fred P. , Nivelo Luis , Brooks Stephen R. , Sun Hong-Wei , Jiang Kan , Afzali Behdad , Frasca Daniela , Hennighausen Lothar , Kanno Yuka , O’Shea John J.
Published: November 2022

Activated lymphocytes adapt their metabolism to meet the energetic and biosynthetic demands imposed by rapid growth and proliferation. Common gamma chain (cγ) family cytokines are central to these processes, but the role of downstream signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) signaling, which is engaged by all cγ members, is poorly understood. Using genome-, transcriptome-, and metabolome-wide analyses, we demonstrate that STAT5 is a master regulator of energy and amino acid metabolism in CD4
+
T helper cells. Mechanistically, STAT5 localizes to an array of enhancers and promoters for genes encoding essential enzymes and transporters, where it facilitates p300 recruitment and epigenetic remodeling. We also find that STAT5 licenses the activity of two other key metabolic regulators, the mTOR signaling pathway and the MYC transcription factor. Building on the latter, we present evidence for transcriptome-wide cooperation between STAT5 and MYC in both normal and transformed T cells. Together, our data provide a molecular framework for transcriptional programing of T cell metabolism downstream of cγ cytokines and highlight the JAK-STAT pathway in mediating cellular growth and proliferation.
Limb shaking TIA: an unusual presentation of a common condition
Authors: Manocha Namita , Kwon Jungim , Douglass Chris
Published: November 2022

First described by Fischer in 1962, the limb shaking syndrome is a haemodynamic transient ischaemic attack (TIA) clinically characterised by brief, dysrhythmic, flailing or jerking movements, involving limbs contralateral to an occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA), which occur with a change in posture such as standing from sitting. We present the case of a woman in her 60s who presented with left-sided weakness suggestive of right hemispheric stroke, with previous episodes of limb shaking TIAs, which were caused by significant cerebral hypo-perfusion due to a combination of postural hypotension and a significant stenosis of the left ICA.
Five-year follow-up of patients with knee osteoarthritis not eligible for total knee replacement: results from a randomised trial
Authors: Larsen Jesper Bie , Roos Ewa M , Laursen Mogens , Holden Sinead , Johansen Martin Nygaard , Rathleff Michael Skovdal , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Rasmussen Sten , Skou Søren T
Published: November 2022

Objectives

The main objective was to investigate 5-year outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis, randomised to one of two non-surgical treatments.

Setting

Two outpatient clinics.

Participants

At baseline, 100 patients with radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis not found eligible for knee replacement (KR) were included. Main exclusion criteria were average score above 75 of the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales pain, symptoms, function of daily living and quality of life; KOOS4and average knee pain the previous week greater than 60 mm on a 100 mm visual analogue scale.

Interventions

Patients were randomised to supervised non-surgical treatment consisting of patient education, supervised exercise, weight loss, insoles, and pain medication (the MEDIC treatment) or written advice. The 12-week MEDIC treatment included patient education, neuromuscular exercise, insoles and a dietary weight loss programme and/or pain medication if needed and written advice consisted of two leaflets.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Primary outcome was 5-year mean change for KOOS4. Secondary outcomes included KOOS subscales, self-reported health, usage of pain medication and self-reported physical activity.

Results

Thirty-nine (78%) and 36 (72%) from the MEDIC and written advice groups responded at 5 years. There were no between-group differences in KOOS4(difference 5.3 (95% CI −1.5 to 12.1) or any secondary outcomes. However, the 95% CI included the minimal clinically important difference for the main outcome.

Seventy-six percent of the MEDIC group and 66% of the written advice group experienced clinically important improvements in KOOS4.

Fifteen patients (30%) from the MEDIC group and 17 (34%) from the written advice group received KR in the index knee. Undergoing KR did not result in a statistically significant greater improvement in KOOS4(difference 6.1 (95% CI −1.1 to 13.4).

Conclusions

No statistically significant differences between supervised non-surgical treatment and written advice were demonstrated at 5 years. Most patients experienced clinically important improvements, irrespective of initial treatment strategy or KR.

Trial registration number

NCT01535001; ClinicalTrials.gov.
From guidelines to practice: A retrospective clinical cohort study investigating implementation of the early detection guidelines for cerebral palsy in a state-wide early intervention service
Authors: Davidson Sue-Anne , Ward Roslyn , Elliott Catherine , Harris Courtenay , Bear Natasha , Thornton Ashleigh , Salt Alison , Valentine Jane
Published: November 2022

Objectives

To report on knowledge translation strategies and outcomes from the implementation of the early detection guidelines for cerebral palsy (CP) in a state-wide tertiary early intervention (EI) service and investigate the impact of social determinants on clinical services.

Design

Retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

Setting

The Western Australia tertiary paediatric EI service.

Participants

EI clinicians, consumers and children using the EI service.

Outcome measures

Knowledge translation strategies including consumer perspectives, clinician training and Communities of Practice (CoP) guided implementation. We measured changes in referral number and age, delivery of early detection and intervention following the implementation of the guidelines. Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), appointment non-attendance (DNA) rates, remoteness and socioeconomic quintiles were used to measure social determinants of health using negative binomial (Incidence Rate Ratios, IRR) and logistic regression (Odds Ratios, ORs).

Results

Ten consumers participated in Focus Groups, 100 clinicians were trained and 22 clinicians established a monthly CoP. Referrals increased fourfold to 511 children. Corrected gestational age at referral decreased from a median of 16.1 to 5.1 months (p<0.001) and at first appointment from 18.8 to 6.8 months (p<0.001). Children living in social disadvantage had the highest DNA risk (quintile 1 vs 5: IRR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.6, p=0.037). Children exposed to ACEs had higher odds of living in social disadvantage (quintile 1 vs 5, OR=3.8, 95% CI 1.4 to 10.0, p=0.007). No significant association was found between remoteness and DNA rate or ACE score.

Conclusions

Implementation strategies reduced referral age and improved the delivery of early detection assessments. Further investigation of the association between social disadvantage, DNA risk and ACE score is required in the development of a state-wide early detection network.
Impact of kinesiophobia on initiation of cardiac rehabilitation: a prospective cohort path analysis
Authors: Keessen Paul , Kan Kees-Jan , Ter Riet Gerben , Visser Bart , Jørstad Harald , Latour Corine , van Duijvenbode Ingrid , Scholte op Reimer Wilma
Published: November 2022

Objectives

To identify factors associated with kinesiophobia (fear of movement) after cardiac hospitalisation and to assess the impact of kinesiophobia on cardiac rehabilitation (CR) initiation.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Academic Medical Centre, Department of Cardiology.

Participants

We performed a prospective cohort study in cardiac patients recruited at hospital discharge. In total, 149 patients (78.5% male) with a median age of 65 years were included, of which 82 (59%) were referred for CR.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

We assessed kinesiophobia with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). For this study, the total score was used (range 13–52). We assessed baseline factors (demographics, cardiac disease history, questionnaire data on anxiety, biopsychosocial complexity and self-efficacy) associated with kinesiophobia using linear regression with backward elimination. For linear regression, the standardised beta (β) was reported. Prospectively, the impact of kinesiophobia on probability of CR initiation, in the first 3 months after hospital discharge (subsample referred for CR), was assessed with logistic regression. For logistic regression, the OR was reported.

Results

Moderate and severe levels of kinesiophobia were found in 22.8%. In the total sample, kinesiophobia was associated with cardiac anxiety (β=0.33, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.48), social complexity (β=0.23, 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.39) and higher education (β=−0.18, 95% CI: −0.34 to −0.02). In those referred for CR, kinesiophobia was negatively associated with self-efficacy (β=−0.29, 95% CI: −0.47 to −0.12) and positively with cardiac anxiety (β=0.43, 95% CI: 0.24 to 0.62). Kinesiophobia decreased the probability of CR initiation (ORRange13–52 points=0.92, 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.99).

Conclusion

In patients hospitalised for cardiovascular disease, kinesiophobia is associated with cardiac anxiety, social complexity, educational level and self-efficacy. Kinesiophobia decreased the likelihood of CR initiation with 8% per point on the TSK.
Health service use before and after dementia diagnosis: a retrospective matched case–control study
Authors: Kosteniuk Julie , Osman Beliz Açan , Osman Meric , Quail Jacqueline M , Islam Naorin , O'Connell Megan E , Kirk Andrew , Stewart Norma J , Morgan Debra
Published: November 2022

Objectives

This study investigated patterns in health service usage among older adults with dementia and matched controls over a 10-year span from 5 years before until 5 years after diagnosis.

Design

Population-based retrospective matched case–control study.

Setting

Administrative health data of individuals in Saskatchewan, Canada from 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2019.

Participants

The study included 2024 adults aged 65 years and older living in the community at the time of dementia diagnosis from 1 April 2013 to 31 March 2014, matched 1:1 to individuals without a dementia diagnosis on age group, sex, rural versus urban residence, geographical region and comorbidity.

Outcome measures

For each 5-year period before and after diagnosis, we examined usage of health services each year including family physician (FP) visits, specialist visits, hospital admissions, all-type prescription drug dispensations and short-term care admissions. We used negative binomial regression to estimate the effect of dementia on yearly average health service utilisation adjusting for sex, age group, rural versus urban residence, geographical region, 1 year prior health service use and comorbidity.

Results

Adjusted findings demonstrated that 5 years before diagnosis, usage of all health services except hospitalisation was lower among persons with dementia than persons without dementia (all p<0.001). After this point, differences in higher health service usage among persons with dementia compared to without dementia were greatest in the year before and year after diagnosis. In the year before diagnosis, specialist visits were 59.7% higher (p<0.001) and hospitalisations 90.5% higher (p<0.001). In the year after diagnosis, FP visits were 70.0% higher (p<0.001) and all-type drug prescriptions 29.1% higher (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Findings suggest the year before and year after diagnosis offer multiple opportunities to implement quality supports. FPs are integral to dementia care and require effective resources to properly serve this population.
Modified Erasmus GBS Respiratory Insufficiency Score: a simplified clinical tool to predict the risk of mechanical ventilation in Guillain-Barré syndrome
Authors: Luijten Linda W G , Doets Alex Y , Arends Samuel , Dimachkie Mazen M , Gorson Kenneth C , Islam Badrul , Kolb Noah A , Kusunoki Susumu , Papri Nowshin , Waheed Waqar , Walgaard Christa , Yamagishi Yuko , Lingsma Hester , Jacobs Bart C
Published: November 2022

Background

This study aimed to determine the clinical and diagnostic factors associated with mechanical ventilation (MV) in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and to simplify the existing Erasmus GBS Respiratory Insufficiency Score (EGRIS) for predicting the risk of MV.

Methods

Data from the first 1500 patients included in the prospective International GBS Outcome Study (IGOS) were used. Patients were included across five continents. Patients <6 years and patients from Bangladesh were excluded. Univariable logistic and multivariable Cox regression were used to determine which prespecified clinical and diagnostic characteristics were associated with MV and to predict the risk of MV at multiple time points during disease course.

Results

1133 (76%) patients met the study criteria. Independent predictors of MV were a shorter time from onset of weakness until admission, the presence of bulbar palsy and weakness of neck flexion and hip flexion. The modified EGRIS (mEGRIS) was based on these factors and accurately predicts the risk of MV with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.84 (0.80–0.88). We internally validated the model within the full IGOS cohort and within separate regional subgroups, which showed AUC values of 0.83 (0.81–0.88) and 0.85 (0.72–0.98), respectively.

Conclusions

The mEGRIS is a simple and accurate tool for predicting the risk of MV in GBS. Compared with the original model, the mEGRIS requires less information for predictions with equal accuracy, can be used to predict MV at multiple time points and is also applicable in less severely affected patients and GBS variants. Model performance was consistent across different regions.
Sonoanatomy and an ultrasound scanning protocol of the intramuscular innervation pattern of the infraspinatus muscle
Authors: Lee Hyung-Jin , Lee Ji-Hyun , Yi Kyu-Ho , Kim Hee-Jin
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Botulinum neurotoxin injection is a valuable treatment method for patients with myofascial pain syndrome in the infraspinatus muscle. However, there is no botulinum neurotoxin injection guideline, and the most appropriate injection site based on topographical anatomic information for this injection to effectively treat myofascial pain syndrome in the infraspinatus muscle is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intramuscular nerve terminal of the infraspinatus muscle and to suggest the most efficient botulinum neurotoxin injection sites.

Methods

This study used 5 formalin-embalmed and 10 fresh frozen cadavers with a mean age of 78.9 years. Sihler’s staining was applied to evaluate the intramuscular nerve terminal of the infraspinatus muscle. The ultrasound scanning of the infraspinatus muscle was performed based on the surface landmarks and internal structures near the scapular region.

Results

The intramuscular nerve terminal was mostly observed in the medial third area of the infraspinatus muscle. The deltoid tubercle, inferior angle, and acromion of the scapula are useful as surface landmarks to scan the infraspinatus muscle.

Discussion

The proposed injection sites based on the intramuscular nerve terminal and surface landmarks can be regarded as accurate locations to reach the cluster area of the intramuscular nerve terminal and each compartment of the infraspinatus muscle to manage the myofascial pain syndrome in the infraspinatus muscle.
Theoretical Studies on OH−+NH2Cl Reaction: Nucleophilic Substitution at Neutral Nitrogen
Authors: Li Rui , Liu Xu , Pang Boxue , Li Hui , Wu Yang
Published: November 2022

The SN2 and proton transfer (PT) pathways for [Formula: see text]Cl reaction are represented by employing various electronic structure computations. Both back-side SN2 and PT channels are exothermic and stationary points of PESs are below the reactant asymptote. Overall, the PES is similar to the C-centered SN2 reactions. Conversely, ion-dipole complex was not found for [Formula: see text]Cl system. The N–HOH/NH–Cl hydrogen bond characterizes on either side of the reaction barrier of nitrogen complexes. Moreover, a halogen-bonded complex (HO−–ClNH2) and two types of H-bond complexes (HONH2–Cl− and Cl−–HONH2) were described, predicting an important role in dynamics. The PT pathway may be the major channel in the title system, which is contradictory to [Formula: see text]Cl and [Formula: see text]Cl reactions. Here, MP2, B3LYP and CAM-B3LYP methods show overall excellent consistency with CCSD(T)/CBS energies and are recommended to carry out dynamics simulations.
Cutting-Edge Assets for Trust in 5G and Beyond: Requirements, State of the Art, Trends, and Challenges
Authors: Jorquera Valero José María , Sánchez Sánchez Pedro Miguel , Gil Pérez Manuel , Huertas Celdrán Alberto , Martinez Perez Gregorio
Published: November 2022

In 5G and beyond, the figure of cross-operator/domain connections and relationships grows exponentially among stakeholders, resources, and services, with reputation-based trust models being one of the capital technologies leveraged for trustworthy decision-making. This work studies novel 5G assets on which trust can be used to overcome unsuitable decision-making and address current requirements. First, it introduces a background and general architecture of reputation-based trust models. Then, it analyzes pivotal 5G assets on which trust can enhance their performance. In addition, this article performs a comprehensive review of the current reputation models applied to 5G assets and compares their properties, features, techniques, and results. Finally, it provides current trends and future challenges to conducting forthcoming research in the area.
On Valuation of Edge Irregularity Strength of Certain Graphical Families
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Mehmood Tariq , Rehman Atiq ur , Hussain Muhammad , Zhang Xiujun
Published: November 2022

This article comprises of exact valuation of a graph parameter, known as the edge irregularity strength (EIS), symbolized as eis(G), of various graphical families such as middle graph of path graph, middle graph of cycle graph, snake graph (string 2), paramedian ladder, and complete m‐partite graphs. If δ : V⟶{1,2, …, p} is a function defined on vertices of a graph that helps to determine different weights for every pair of edges, the least value of p is the target. Thus, addition operation for allocated to vertices of an edge, i.e., δ(vi) + δ(vj), i ≠ j = 1,2, …, n, defines the weight wδ(vivj) of corresponding edge for every vivj ∈ E. If two different edges ei and ej in graph G carry weights in different manner, i.e., wδ(ei) ≠ wδ((ei) for i ≠ j. Then the edge irregular p‐labeling is defined after a vertex p‐labeling of G. After establishing various novel results and making some conclusions, an open problem is mentioned in the end.
Influence of High Temperature on the Crystal Structure of SrFe12O19 Nanoparticle
Authors: Saeed Znar , Azhdar Bruska
Published: November 2022

In this study, strontium hexaferrite nanoparticles synthesized by sol–gel autocombustion method and the effect of high annealing temperature on produced nanoparticle have been studied. Powders were annealed at 1,000 and 1,300°C. Structural properties of synthesized powders were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Hexagonal structure and shape of SrFe12O19 nanoparticles were analyzed from field‐emission scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope figures. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of an M‐type hexagonal structure. The thermal behavior of nanoparticles has been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA and DTG). Height measurement of nanoparticles with 2D and 3D images of the surface obtained from atomic force microscopy. XRD pattern of strontium hexaferrite nanoparticle was used for determining the crystal structure and examining the effect of high annealing temperature on powders by finding lattice parameters, densities, crystallite size, specific surface area, and strain. Crystallite size, strain, and bulk density decreased when produced nanoparticles annealed at 1,000°C with decreased porosity when nanoparticles were annealed at 1,300°C. The specific surface area was found to be increased when nanoparticles were annealed at 1,000°C. In this study, influence of high temperature on the structure of SrFe12O19 nanoparticles was studied.
Exploration of the Mechanism of Linoleic Acid Metabolism Dysregulation in Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Wen Yan , Shang Yawen , Wang Qing
Published: November 2022

We aimed to explore the mechanism of the linoleic acid metabolism in metabolic syndrome (MetS). RNA-seq data for 16 samples with or without MetS from the GSE145412 dataset were collected. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and gene differential expression analysis were performed. Expression data of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the linoleic acid metabolism pathway were mapped to the pathway by using Pathview for visualization. There were 19 and 10 differentially expressed biological processes in the disease group and healthy group, respectively. 9 KEGG pathways were differentially expressed in the disease group. Linoleic acid metabolism was the only differentially expressed pathway in the healthy group. The GSVA enrichment score of the linoleic acid metabolism pathway in the disease group was markedly lower than that in the healthy group. The GSEA result showed that the linoleic acid metabolism pathway was significantly downregulated in the disease group. JMJD7-PLA2G4B, PLA2G1B, PLA2G2D, CYP2C8, and CYP2J2 involved in the pathway were significantly downregulated in the disease group. This study may provide novel insight into MetS from the point of linoleic acid metabolism dysregulation.
Brain Diffusion Weighted Imaging Study of Mongolian Idiopathic Epilepsy
Authors: Zhao Pengfei , Ma Xueying , Ban Chao , Gao Yang , Qiao Pengfei
Published: November 2022

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of diffusion-weighted imaging in the assessment of idiopathic epilepsy in Mongolian. Methods. One hundred Mongolian idiopathic epilepsy patients were enrolled as the observation group and 100 healthy Mongolian volunteers as the control group. All the subjects underwent routine MRI, diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and intra-voxel incoherent motion (IVIM) examination on a 3.0 T scanner. Mean kurtosis (MK), mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), true water molecular diffusion coefficient (D), mean diffusion coefficient (MD), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (

D
∗

), and perfusion fraction (f) of each region of interest in the brain were measured. Count data were expressed as rates, and the chi-square test was performed for comparison between groups. Measurement data were first assessed by a normality test, and the t test for independent samples was performed for comparison between groups if they met the normal distribution; for non-normal distribution, the Mann-Whitney U test was performed for comparison between groups. A ROC curve analysis was performed to test the effectiveness of each parameter. Results. MK values of the hippocampus, thalamus, and white matter of the temporal lobe in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while D and F values were significantly lower (all

P
<
0.05

). ROC curve analysis showed that MK, D, and F values of the hippocampus, thalamus, and white matter of the temporal lobe had moderate to good diagnostic efficacy for idiopathic epilepsy (AUC = 0.617–0.749, all

P
<
0.001

). Conclusion. DKI and IVIM can more accurately represent the abnormal changes of brain tissue in patients with epilepsy, and it may have important implications for the clinical diagnosis of Mongolian epileptic patients.
Novel Decision Modeling for Manufacturing Sustainability under Single-Valued Neutrosophic Hesitant Fuzzy Rough Aggregation Information
Authors: Kamran Muhammad , Salamat Nadeem , Ashraf Shahzaib , Alam Md. Ashraful , Cangul Ismail Naci
Published: November 2022

We developed a multicriteria decision-making method based on the list of novel single-valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy rough (SV-NHFR) weighted averaging and geometric aggregation operators to address the uncertainty and achieve the sustainability of the manufacturing business. In addition, a case study on choosing the optimum elements for a sustainable manufacturing sector was carried out. The proposed decision support method is then compared to other relevant methodologies, and a validity test is performed to show the reliability and validity of the new methodology. Sustainability is one of the most important issues the world economy is facing today. Several industrial businesses have incurred large financial losses as a result of their ignorance of sustainability issues. Manufacturers in industrialized countries have done a decent job of making sure that their businesses are sustainable over the long run. Modern companies use a lot of modern technologies. These include blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics (BDA), and fuzzy logic (fuzziness). These modern technologies support the continuation of life, either directly or indirectly. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to concentrate on those elements that encourage the adoption of sustainability. The goal of this study is to provide a framework for using cutting-edge technology to increase the adoption of sustainability in manufacturing firms. Under the guidance of single-valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy rough (SV-NHFR) aggregate information, it was advised to place a strong emphasis on addressing sustainability, waste management, environmental protection, manufacturing cost savings, and chemicals and resources. The results suggest that the proposed technique can solve the inadequacy of the existing decision method by the SV-NHFR aggregation operators in terms of decision adaptability.
Editorial Dossier #2: Soluções baseadas na Natureza para a resiliência urbana na América Latina
Authors: Marques Taícia Helena Negrin , Franco Maria de Assunção Ribeiro
Published: November 2022

As Soluções baseadas na Natureza (SbN) vêm ganhando repercussão nos países da América Latina a partir principalmente da consolidação de enfoques ecossistêmicos já aplicados localmente tais como, Infraestrutura Verde, Infraestrutura Natural e Adaptação baseada em Ecossistema. As SbN demonstram ser uma alternativa para enfrentar a escassez de recursos naturais, tornar as cidades mais resilientes às mudanças climáticas e promover novos formatos de planejamento que considerem a complexa problemática socioambiental urbana desses países.
Kol Nidrei in Nikolsburg, 1775: An Early Account of a Hasidic Sermon
Authors: Moseson Elly
Published: November 2022

Descriptions of the delivery of Hasidic sermons are relatively rare, especially from the first decades of the development of the movement. This article presents the earliest extant written account of a Hasidic sermon, which was delivered by Samuel Shmelke Horowitz, the rabbi of the Moravian city of Nikolsburg (Mikulov), on the eve of Yom Kippur of the year 1775. It situates the document containing this hitherto overlooked account in its historical and ideological context and explores the light it sheds on the geographical limits of the Hasidic movement in the 18th century. Appended to the article is an edition of the Hebrew text of the document based on two textual witnesses along with an English translation.
Species diversity of isopods during a year-round survey at two vineyard sites in Northern Israel
Authors: Warburg Ittai
Published: November 2022

The species diversity of isopods was surveyed in two vineyards in Northern Israel in 1998. Pitfall traps were placed at each site monthly and year-round. This survey found six species of isopods, four of which were found in both vineyards: Armadillo sp. Aff. platypleon (Schmalfuss, 1986), Leptotrichus naupliensis (Verhoeff, 1901), Porcellionides pruinosus (Brandt, 1833) and Porcellionides sp. One isopod species: Armadillo sp., was found in one of the two vineyards, and another isopod species: Porcellio deganiensis Verhoeff, 1923 was detected in the other vineyard. L. naupliensis and Porcellionides sp. were both vineyards’ most common isopod species. Some ecological differences between the two vineyards reflected in isopod diversity are discussed.
Distribution, Regionalization, and Diversity of the dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) using Species Distribution Models
Authors: LIZARDO VIRIDIANA , MOCTEZUMA VICTOR , ESCOBAR FEDERICO
Published: November 2022

The genus Phanaeus is a well-known group whose taxonomy has been described multiple times. Its distribution was previously classified into 11 ecogeographic groups that are equivalent to areas of endemism. Here we use Species Distribution Models to describe species richness patterns. We measured beta-diversity and regionalized its distribution into one region and one transition zone, both with three dominions: Mexican Transition Zone (North American, Mexican, and Mesoamerican dominions) and Neotropical region (Pacific, Brazilian, and Atlantic Forest dominions). We also present a species checklist and updated the distribution maps for 73 of 81 species described so far that reflects all the taxonomical updates. We include a list of all the recorded locations (by country, state, and province), list the recorded habitats and biomes, and describe the modelled environmental conditions for each species.
Fascial Dehiscence after Trauma Laparotomy: A Sign of Intra-Abdominal Sepsis
Authors: Tillou Areti , Weng Janie , Alkousakis Theodore , Velmahos George
Published: November 2022

Fascial dehiscence (FD) after trauma laparotomy is associated with technical failure, wound sepsis, or intra-abdominal infection (JAI). The association of IAI with FD is inadequately evaluated. Knowing about its presence is essential to guide clinical diagnosis and management. Our objective was to identify the incidence and risk factors of IAI in patients with FD. We performed a medical record review of 55 trauma patients with FD. Patients with IAI were compared to patients without IAI and FD patients to all trauma laparotomy patients during the same period. Statistical significance was at P < 0.05. Thirty-nine (71%) FD patients had IAI, significantly higher than all trauma laparotomies (4.6%, P < 0.0001). Only 31 per cent of patients underwent laparotomy and drainage while 69 per cent received CT-guided percutaneous drainage followed by expectant management. Similarly, 33 per cent of the non-IAI group had operative management. No differences were found between the two groups in any of the examined factors. The majority of trauma patients with FD have IAI. No clinical or laboratory factors help identify FD patients likely to have IAI. Therefore, FD should be viewed as a sign of possible underlying IAI. Appropriate radiographic imaging or direct visualization of the entire abdominal cavity should be pursued before managing the dehisced fascia.
Air-Gun Injuries: Initial Evaluation and Resultant Morbidity
Authors: Keller Jennifer E. , Hindman Jason W. , Kidd Joseph N. , Jackson Richard J. , Smith Samuel D. , Wagner Charles W.
Published: November 2022

Severity of injuries from air-powered weapons can be underappreciated. Transformation of these weapons into toys makes them available to children. Our experience reveals the underestimated injury severity and emphasizes need for prompt trauma evaluation. Retrospective chart review of children sustaining air-gun injuries and evaluated at a single, pediatric hospital from 1991 to 2002 was performed. Medical record numbers were retrieved from a trauma data base. Data included age, weapon type, firing distance, injury site, radiographic studies, operative intervention, length of stay, and long-term disability. Ocular injuries were excluded secondary to known severity. All other injuries and treatments are described. Thirty-four children, average age 10 years ± 3.3 years, sustained 35 injuries from 1991 through 2002. Twenty-one children required admission, 19 children required surgery, and 5 children experienced long-term disability. Average time to definitive care was 3 hours 12 minutes. Sites of injury included head, neck, chest, abdomen, and extremities. Average hospital stay was 4.3 days. In the pediatric population, air-gun injuries can be underestimated. Lack of collateral tissue damage makes wounds appear innocuous to unsuspecting medical personnel resulting in delayed care. During initial evaluation, injuries from air guns deserve the same respect as those caused by conventional firearms.