bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A high-impact practice for online students: the use of a first-semester seminar course to promote self-regulation, self-direction, online learning self-efficacy
Authors: Stephen Jacqueline S. , Rockinson-Szapkiw Amanda J.
Published: May 2021

Student enrollment continues to increase in online programs, but there is concern surrounding the reportedly high rates of attrition in online classes compared to face-to-face classes. Undergraduate students are poorly prepared and lack the human agency necessary for success in the online learning environment. To address the lack of persistence of undergraduate online students, universities must create and implement interventions that prepare students for the online learning environment and help them develop as autonomous learners. This study examined whether differences in self-regulation, self-direction, and online learning self-efficacy exist between students participating in an experimental high-impact First-Semester Seminar (FSS) class and a traditional FSS class while controlling for pre-existing factors. A quantitative, quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest research design was used for this study with nonequivalent control groups, and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and follow up analyses of covariances (ANCOVA) were used to analyze the data. MANCOVA results revealed a statistically significant difference between groups. Follow-up ANCOVAs revealed differences between the posttest scores of the traditional FSS class and the high-impact FSS class on the measurements for self-directed learning and self-regulated learning.
Thoracoscopic esophagectomy in the prone position for esophageal cancer patients with pectus excavatum: a report of two cases
Authors: Tsukada Tomoya , Kitano Yuto , Sugimoto Yuya , Kaji Masahide
Published: May 2021

Background

Pectus excavatum is a common thoracic deformity that can be encountered during thoracoscopic esophagectomy. Here, we report two cases of esophageal cancer complicated by pectus excavatum that were treated with thoracoscopic esophagectomy with the patients in the prone position.

Case presentation

The first patient was a 64-year-old male diagnosed with esophageal cancer (cT3N0M0, Haller index 8.5) and underwent radical thoracoscopic esophagectomy in the prone position following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The second patient was a 67-year-old male diagnosed with esophageal cancer (cT1bN0M0, Haller index 4.3), and the same procedure was performed in this patient. In cases of patients with a high Haller index, where securing the surgical field is difficult, preoperative computed tomography in the prone position can help surgeons to understand the mediastinal field of view and is safe.

Conclusions

Radical thoracoscopic esophagectomy in the prone position may be a surgical option in patients with pectus excavatum.
The promotion of healthy breakfast and snacks based on the social marketing model: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Mostafavi Firoozeh , Zamani-Alavijeh Fereshteh , Mansourian Marjan , Bastami Fatemeh
Published: May 2021

Background

Skipping breakfast and replacing it with non-nutritious snacks are progressively increasing among adolescents. This study aimed to develop an educational intervention based on the Social Marketing Model and evaluate its effects on healthy breakfast and snack consumption among female adolescent students.

Methods

This mixed-methods study was conducted in 2016–2019 in two phases. In the first phase, a qualitative study was conducted through directed content analysis in guidance schools in Khorramabad, Isfahan, and Tehran, Iran, to explore factors affecting breakfast consumption. The results of this phase were set in the benchmarks of the Social Marketing Model. In the second phase, a randomized controlled trial was conducted based on the benchmarks of the Social Marketing Model on 94 students randomly recruited from guidance schools in Khorramabad, Iran.

Results

The findings of the qualitative phase were categorized into the benchmarks of the Social Marketing Model, namely the social marketing mix, the intended behavior, internal and external competing factors for behavior modification, theoretical concepts related to the behavior, and the role of supporters. In the quantitative phase, the univariate analysis showed significant between-group differences concerning the product, price, promotion, and behavior (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Healthy breakfast and snack consumption can be promoted through making acceptable the tastes, costs, preparations, and consumption places of breakfast and snack.

Trial registration

The trial was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (code: IRCT20170201032347N1).

The trial was registered in 11/07/2018 and is accessible on the Iranian Clinical Trial Registration website.
Moisture and vegetation cover limit ponderosa pine regeneration in high-severity burn patches in the southwestern US
Authors: Singleton Megan P. , Thode Andrea E. , Sánchez Meador Andrew J. , Iniguez Jose M.
Published: May 2021

Background

Fire regimes are shifting in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosaLawson & C. Lawson)-dominated forests, raising concern regarding future vegetation patterns and forest resilience, particularly within high-severity burn patches. The southwestern US has recently experienced a marked increase in large fires that produce large, high-severity patch interiors, with few surviving trees. These areas could be more susceptible for forest loss and conversions to alternative vegetation types than areas closer to the forest edge with more available seed sources. To better understand forest recovery, we surveyed ponderosa pine regeneration within edge and core areas (>200 m from edge) of high-severity patches in ten fires that burned between 1996 to 2008 across Arizona and New Mexico, USA. Specifically, we compared regeneration density, height, and canopy cover in patch edge and core areas and used generalized linear models to investigate the abiotic and biotic factors that contribute to ponderosa pine seedling establishment and density.

Results

High-severity burn-patch edge and core plots were not significantly different in seedling density, height, or canopy cover across fires. Seedling establishment was more likely at higher-elevation mesic sites and less likely when Gambel oak (Quercus gambeliiNutt.) was more abundant. Seedling density was negatively impacted by shrub, grass, and Gambel oak cover.

Conclusions

Regeneration density varied among fires but analysis of regeneration in aggregated edge and core plots showed that abundance of seed availability was not the sole factor that limited ponderosa pine regeneration, probably because of surviving tree refugia within high-severity burn patches. Furthermore, our findings emphasize that ponderosa pine regeneration in our study area was significantly impacted by xeric topographic environments and vegetation competition. Continued warm and dry conditions and increased wildfire activity may delay the natural recovery of ponderosa pine forests, underscoring the importance of restoration efforts in large, high-severity burn patches.
Assessing implementation fidelity in the First Episode Rapid Early Intervention for Eating Disorders service model
Authors: Richards Katie L. , Flynn Michaela , Austin Amelia , Lang Katie , Allen Karina L. , Bassi Ranjeet , Brady Gabrielle , Brown Amy , Connan Frances , Franklin-Smith Mary , Glennon Danielle , Grant Nina , Jones William Rhys , Kali Kuda , Koskina Antonia , Mahony Kate , Mountford Victoria A. , Nunes Nicole , Schelhase Monique , Serpell Lucy , Schmidt Ulrike
Published: May 2021

Background

The First Episode Rapid Early Intervention for Eating Disorders (FREED) service model is associated with significant reductions in wait times and improved clinical outcomes for emerging adults with recent-onset eating disorders. An understanding of how FREED is implemented is a necessary precondition to enable an attribution of these findings to key components of the model, namely the wait-time targets and care package.

Aims

This study evaluated fidelity to the FREED service model during the multicentre FREED-Up study.

Method

Participants were 259 emerging adults (aged 16–25 years) with an eating disorder of <3 years duration, offered treatment through the FREED care pathway. Patient journey records documented patient care from screening to end of treatment. Adherence to wait-time targets (engagement call within 48 h, assessment within 2 weeks, treatment within 4 weeks) and care package, and differences in adherence across diagnosis and treatment group were examined.

Results

There were significant increases (16–40%) in adherence to the wait-time targets following the introduction of FREED, irrespective of diagnosis. Receiving FREED under optimal conditions also increased adherence to the targets. Care package use differed by component and diagnosis. The most used care package activities were psychoeducation and dietary change. Attention to transitions was less well used.

Conclusions

This study provides an indication of adherence levels to key components of the FREED model. These adherence rates can tentatively be considered as clinically meaningful thresholds. Results highlight aspects of the model and its implementation that warrant future examination.
How Protein Methylation Regulates Steroid Receptor Function
Authors: Malbeteau Lucie , Pham Ha Thuy , Eve Louisane , Stallcup Michael R , Poulard Coralie , Le Romancer Muriel
Published: May 2021

Steroid receptors (SRs) are members of the nuclear hormonal receptor family, many of which are transcription factors regulated by ligand binding. SRs regulate various human physiological functions essential for maintenance of vital biological pathways, including development, reproduction, and metabolic homeostasis. In addition, aberrant expression of SRs or dysregulation of their signaling has been observed in a wide variety of pathologies. SR activity is tightly and finely controlled by post-translational modifications (PTMs) targeting the receptors and/or their coregulators. Whereas major attention has been focused on phosphorylation, growing evidence shows that methylation is also an important regulator of SRs. Interestingly, the protein methyltransferases depositing methyl marks are involved in many functions, from development to adult life. They have also been associated with pathologies such as inflammation, as well as cardiovascular and neuronal disorders, and cancer. This article provides an overview of SR methylation/demethylation events, along with their functional effects and biological consequences. An in-depth understanding of the landscape of these methylation events could provide new information on SR regulation in physiology, as well as promising perspectives for the development of new therapeutic strategies, illustrated by the specific inhibitors of protein methyltransferases that are currently available.
At a Slight Angle to the Empire: Cavafy among the British
Authors: Kayalis Takis
Published: May 2021

C. P. Cavafy's position as a British-cultured Greek who lived and wrote in colonial Alexandria has perplexed critics, who often address the poet's commitments either as Anglophile or as anti-imperialist and pro-Arab. Seeking a subtler approach to Cavafy's complex colonial circumstances, this essay looks at the poet as a diaspora Greek who wrote of Eastern Hellenism through concepts, facilities, and resources made available by the British Empire. Among the issues explored in this venture are: the widespread use of the Hellenistic East as code for the British Empire in Cavafy's time and the keen interest of colonial intellectuals on some of the poet's favorite topics, such as Hellenistic racial and cultural hybridity; Cavafy's encounters with major colonial figures, including Evelyn Baring (1st Earl of Cromer), T. E. Lawrence, and Ronald Storrs; and the interpretative complexities and ambiguities that arise once we recognize the colonial substratum of Cavafy's historical poems.
Constantine Cavafy in the Colony: Hellenism at the Margins of Empire
Authors: Mufti Aamir R.
Published: May 2021

C. P. Cavafy was a writer of the British Empire whose situation resembles that of other colonial writers and should be examined in that context, as well as in the light of the contradictory logic of Orientalism-Anglicism. In the modern West's interest in the late Hellenistic era, philhellenism and Orientalism become one. Cavafy responds to imperial philhellenism by rejecting its triumphalism and exploring matters of colonial displacement. The emphasis on Hellenistic states in fragmentation displaces the canonical veneration of classical antiquity. Cavafy looks at empire topographically from its margins and chronologically in the process of its decline. In these colonial peripheries, to be a Hellene is primarily to be a philhellene. Cavafy's historical vignettes resonate with life in the modern empire, and his drawn parallels between Hellenistic and British Empires highlight the institutional fragility of empire as a form.
Environmental oxygen regulates astrocyte proliferation to guide angiogenesis during retinal development
Authors: Perelli Robin M. , O'Sullivan Matthew L. , Zarnick Samantha , Kay Jeremy N.
Published: May 2021

Angiogenesis in the developing mammalian retina requires patterning cues from astrocytes. Developmental disorders of retinal vasculature, such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), involve arrest or mispatterning of angiogenesis. Whether these vascular pathologies involve astrocyte dysfunction remains untested. Here, we demonstrate that the major risk factor for ROP – transient neonatal exposure to excess oxygen – disrupts formation of the angiogenic astrocyte template. Exposing newborn mice to elevated oxygen (75%) suppressed astrocyte proliferation, whereas return to room air (21% oxygen) at postnatal day 4 triggered extensive proliferation, massively increasing astrocyte numbers and disturbing their spatial patterning prior to the arrival of developing vasculature. Proliferation required astrocytic HIF2α and was also stimulated by direct hypoxia (10% oxygen), suggesting that astrocyte oxygen sensing regulates the number of astrocytes produced during development. Along with astrocyte defects, return to room air also caused vascular defects reminiscent of ROP. Strikingly, these vascular phenotypes were more severe in animals that had larger numbers of excess astrocytes. Together, our findings suggest that fluctuations in environmental oxygen dysregulate molecular pathways controlling astrocyte proliferation, thereby generating excess astrocytes that interfere with retinal angiogenesis.
The role of profilin-1 in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Allen Abigail , Gau David , Roy Partha
Published: May 2021

Dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton is an essential feature for virtually all actin-dependent cellular processes, including cell migration, cell cycle progression, chromatin remodeling and gene expression, and even the DNA damage response. An altered actin cytoskeleton is a structural hallmark associated with numerous pathologies ranging from cardiovascular diseases to immune disorders, neurological diseases and cancer. The actin cytoskeleton in cells is regulated through the orchestrated actions of a myriad of actin-binding proteins. In this Review, we provide a brief overview of the structure and functions of the actin-monomer-binding protein profilin-1 (Pfn1) and then discuss how dysregulated expression of Pfn1 contributes to diseases associated with the cardiovascular system.
Luminescence lifetime imaging of three-dimensional biological objects
Authors: Dmitriev Ruslan I. , Intes Xavier , Barroso Margarida M.
Published: May 2021

A major focus of current biological studies is to fill the knowledge gaps between cell, tissue and organism scales. To this end, a wide array of contemporary optical analytical tools enable multiparameter quantitative imaging of live and fixed cells, three-dimensional (3D) systems, tissues, organs and organisms in the context of their complex spatiotemporal biological and molecular features. In particular, the modalities of luminescence lifetime imaging, comprising fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLI) and phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (PLIM), in synergy with Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays, provide a wealth of information. On the application side, the luminescence lifetime of endogenous molecules inside cells and tissues, overexpressed fluorescent protein fusion biosensor constructs or probes delivered externally provide molecular insights at multiple scales into protein–protein interaction networks, cellular metabolism, dynamics of molecular oxygen and hypoxia, physiologically important ions, and other physical and physiological parameters. Luminescence lifetime imaging offers a unique window into the physiological and structural environment of cells and tissues, enabling a new level of functional and molecular analysis in addition to providing 3D spatially resolved and longitudinal measurements that can range from microscopic to macroscopic scale. We provide an overview of luminescence lifetime imaging and summarize key biological applications from cells and tissues to organisms.
Role of magnetic resonance neurography in intercostal neuralgia; diagnostic utility and efficacy
Authors: Chalian Majid , Hoang Diana , Rozen Shai , Chhabra Avneesh
Published: May 2021

Objective:

To evaluate the utility and efficacy of MR neurography (MRN) in the diagnostic work-up for intercostal neuralgia and to assess the treatment course and outcomes in MRN-imaged clinically suspected intercostal neuropathy cases of chronic chest and abdominal wall pain syndromes.

Methods:

Following a retrospective cross-sectional study, a consecutive series of patients who underwent MRN of torso for suspected intercostal neuralgia were included. Patient demographics, pain location/level/duration, previous work-up for the same indication, MRN imaging results, and MRN cost per patient were recorded. An inter-reader reliability assessment was performed on the MRN findings using Cohen’s weighted κ analysis. Post-MRN treatment choice, as well as success rates of MRN directed perineural injections and surgical management were also evaluated.

Results:

A total of 28 patients (mean ± SD age, 48.3 ± 18.0 years, female/male = 3.0) were included. Pain and/or numbness in the right upper quadrant were the most common complaints. The mean maximum pain level experienced was 7.4 ± 2.5 on a 1 (lowest pain level) - 10 (highest pain level) visual analog scale. The duration of pain before MRN work-up was 36.9 ± 37.9 months. The patients had seen an average of 5 ± 2.8 physicians for such syndromes. 20 (71%) patients had one or multiple other imaging studies for prior work-up. MRN identified positive intercostal nerve abnormality in 19 cases with clinical symptoms of intercostal neuralgia. From the inter-reader reliability assessment, a Cohen’s weighted κ value of 0.78 was obtained. The costs of work-up was about one-third with MRN for diagnostic purposes with less financial and psychological harm. Among the MRN-positive cases, 9/19 patients received perineural injections, of which 6 reported improvement after their first round, lasting an average of 41.1 ± 83 days. Among the nine MRN-negative cases, two received perineural injections, of which none reported improvement. Surgical management was mostly successful with a positive outcome in six out of seven operated cases (85.7%).

Conclusion:

MRN is useful in diagnostic algorithm of intercostal neuralgia and MRN-positive cases demonstrate favorable treatment response to perineural injections and subsequent surgical management.

Advances in knowledge:

The use of MRN in intercostal neuralgia is an application that has not been previously explored in the literature. This study demonstrates that MRN offers superior visualization of pathology in intercostal neuralgia and confirms that treatment directed at MRN identified neuropathy results in good outcomes while maintaining cost efficiency.
Prediction of ICU admission after orthopedic surgery in elderly patients
Authors: Tang Yongzhong , Li Hao , Guo Ziyi
Published: May 2021

Objectives: Prediction of ICU admission after surgery are important for rational decision-making for different patients in clinical practice. Little information is available about the risk factors of postoperative ICU admission in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. This study aimed to identify risk factors and develop a predictive model for postoperative ICU admission in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.

Methods: A total of 2826 cases of elderly patients receiving orthopedic surgery from October 2010 to September 2016 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the impacts of covariates. Support vector machine (SVM) was employed to develop a predictive model based on all pre-operative covariates and the demographic information.

Results: There were 256 patients transferred to ICU after surgery. ASA III or IV and emergency surgery were found to be independent risk factors while neuraxial anesthesia and joint surgery were protective factors. In addition, a SVM-based predictive model was developed, which had a sensitivity of 90.99%, a specificity of 99.10% and an area under ROC curve of 0.9678.

Conclusions: Our study revealed that emergency surgery, anesthesia method, surgery type and ASA grade were risk factors to predict postoperative ICU admission in elderly orthopedic patients.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3371

How to cite this:Tang Y, Li H, Guo Z. Prediction of ICU admission after orthopedic surgery in elderly patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(4):1179-1184.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3371

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Outcome of abdominal binder in midline abdominal wound Dehiscence in terms of pain, psychological satisfaction and need for reclosure
Authors: Ammar Ahmed Siddique , Naqi Syed Asghar , Khattak Shehrbano , Noumani Ahmed Raza
Published: May 2021

Objective: To assess the role of abdominal binder in patients with midline wound dehiscence after elective or emergency laparotomy in terms of pain, psychological satisfaction and need for reclosure.

Methods: It was a comparative study done at EAST Surgical Ward of Mayo Hospital, Lahore from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2019. One hundred and sixty-two (162) patients were included in this study with post-operative midline abdominal wound dehiscence and after informed consent by consecutive non probability sampling technique. Patients were divided into two groups by lottery method into eighty-one patients each. Group-A included patients where abdominal binder was applied and Group-B included patients without abdominal binder. In both groups pain score, psychological satisfaction and need for reclosure was assessed and compared.

Results: Patients with abdominal binder shows significantly less pain (P value =0.000) and more psychological satisfaction (P value = 0.000) as compared to the patients where abdominal binder was not used. However, there was no difference in reducing the need for reclosure in patients who use abdominal binder (P value = 0.063).

Conclusion: Although abdominal binder helps in reducing the pain and improving the psychological satisfaction in patients with midline abdominal wound dehiscence yet it doesn’t help in healing of wound and reclosure of the dehisced abdominal wound is needed.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3671

How to cite this:Ammar AS, Naqi SA, Khattak S, Noumani AR. Outcome of abdominal binder in midline abdominal wound Dehiscence in terms of pain, psychological satisfaction and need for reclosure. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(4):1118-1121.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3671

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Horizontal transfer and evolution of wall teichoic acid gene cassettes in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Sutton Granger , Fogel Gary B. , Abramson Bradley , Brinkac Lauren , Michael Todd , Liu Enoch S. , Thomas Sterling
Published: May 2021

Background: Wall teichoic acid (WTA) genes are essential for production of cell walls in gram-positive bacteria and necessary for survival and variability in the cassette has led to recent antibiotic resistance acquisition in pathogenic bacteria. 

Methods: Using a pan-genome approach, we examined the evolutionary history of WTA genes in Bacillus subtilis ssp. subtilis. 

Results: Our analysis reveals an interesting pattern of evolution from the type-strain WTA gene cassette possibly resulting from horizontal acquisition from organisms with similar gene sequences. The WTA cassettes have a high level of variation which may be due to one or more independent horizontal transfer events during the evolution of Bacillus subtilis ssp. subtilis. This swapping of entire WTA cassettes and smaller regions within the WTA cassettes is an unusual feature in the evolution of the Bacillus subtilis genome and highlights the importance of horizontal transfer of gene cassettes through homologous recombination within B. subtilis or other bacterial species. 

Conclusions: Reduced sequence conservation of these WTA cassettes may indicate a modified function like the previously documented WTA ribitol/glycerol variation. An improved understanding of high-frequency recombination of gene cassettes has ramifications for synthetic biology and the use of B. subtilis in industry.
Cost analysis of outpatient services for major external structural birth defects: An ingredient approach in selected hospitals in Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: N. Agot George , K. Wang'ombe Joseph , M. Mweu Marshal
Published: May 2021

Background: Major external structural birth defects are known to exert an enormous economic burden on individuals and health services; however, they have been vastly unappreciated and underprioritized as a public health problem in settings where cost analyses are limited. Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a cost analysis of outpatient services for major external structural birth defects in selected hospitals in Kiambu County, Kenya. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was adopted in four hospitals where an ingredient approach was used to retrospectively gather data on cost drivers for interventions consisting of  castings, bracings, and tendonectomies for the under-fives from health care providers’ perspectives for a one-year time horizon (January 1st, 2018, to December 31st, 2018). The hospitals were selected for providing outpatient corrective and rehabilitative services to the under-fives. Prevalence-based morbidity data were extracted from outpatient occupational therapy clinic registers, whereas staff-time for the hospitals’ executives comprising the medical superintendents, chief nursing officers, orthopedic surgeons, and health administrative officers were gathered through face-to-face enquires from the occupational therapists being the closest proxies for the officers. Following a predefined inclusion criterion, 349 cases were determined, and associated cost drivers identified, measured, and valued (quantified) using prevailing market prices. The costs were categorized as recurrent, and unit economic costs calculated as average costs, expressed in U.S Dollars, and inflated to the U.S Dollar Consumer Price Index from January 2018 to December 2018. Results: The unit economic cost of all the cases was estimated at $1,139.73; and $1,143.51 for neural tube defects, $1,143.05 for congenital talipes equinovarus, and $1,109.81 for congenital pes planus. Conclusions: The highest economic burden of major external structural birth defects in the county was associated with neural tube defects, followed by congenital pes planus despite having the fewest caseloads.
Impacto de la intervención pedagógica en la competencia de cuidado
Authors: Gallardo Solarte Roosby , Ortiz Nievas Vilma
Published: May 2021

Introducción: la enfermedad crónica es una problemática que ha ido en aumento año tras año, y con ello la aparición del cuidador familiar. Esta investigación procuró abordar el fenómeno de la cronicidad, con el fin de minimizar las complicaciones. El objetivo determinar el efecto de una propuesta educativa en dos instituciones de salud en Pasto, sobre la competencia que debe tener el cuidador. Materiales y métodos: estudio experimental, aleatorizado, con la finalidad de probar el efecto que tiene la intervención del plan de egreso hospitalario a un grupo de 126 pacientes con hipertensión arterial (HTA) y Diabetes mellitus II (Grupo experimental), frente a otro grupo de pacientes con las mismas patologías, quienes recibieron intervención convencional de las instituciones involucradas (Grupo control), con el fin de comparar los resultados entre estos dos grupos. La prueba estadística aplicada fue Chi cuadrado y prueba exacta de Fisher para lograr asegurar que fuera significativa. Resultados: los cuidadores familiares, en un 71 % fueron de sexo femenino; el 38 % estaban entre 30 y 44 años; la competencia de cuidado mejoró en nueve de cada diez cuidadores evaluados; esta proporción de incidencia fue mayor en las personas intervenidas con la estrategia pedagógica. Conclusión: la intervención pedagógica permitió evidenciar la importancia del componente educativo generando cambios favorables en la población objeto de estudio, que contribuyen a mejorar la competencia del cuidado del cuidador.
Creating capacity in the healthcare system: the urgent need to improve lower limb ulcer care
Authors: Adderley Una
Published: May 2021

Una Adderley discusses the National Wound Care Strategy Programme's recommendations for the care of patients with lower limb ulcers, which are now being implemented across England.
Service redesign: how a tissue viability specialist lead nurse developed and improved acute wound care through real-world evidence and partnership working
Authors: Checketts Clare , Hughes Jacqui , Horton Helen , Styche Tim
Published: May 2021

The importance of leadership in service redesign should not be underestimated. Increasing demand for services and cost-effective approaches makes the drive and dedication of a leader towards quality improvement crucial. The lead tissue viability nurse at the Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust worked in partnership with the wound care industry to redesign the trust's acute wound care service. An audit was carried out and an opportunity to reduce variations in care was identified. To achieve this, the service reduced the number of foam dressings on the formulary, listing only the ALLEVYN (Smith+Nephew, UK) family of wound dressings. As a result, the volume of dressings used reduced by 4.8%, meaning that the service produced less waste and saw a cost reduction of approximately £14 066 over a 6-month period. This article highlights the positive outcomes that can be achieved through streamlining formularies, reducing variations in care and delivering robust care pathways. It also describes the collaborative working approach taken by this service, spearheaded by the lead tissue viability nurse, as an example of innovative practice for other NHS trusts.
An update on granulomatous mastitis: a rare and complex condition
Authors: Coombe Robyn F , Hamed Hisham
Published: May 2021

Granulomatous mastitis is a rare inflammatory condition of the breast affecting women of child-bearing age. The disease is characterised by chronic and relapsing inflammation, resulting in scarring and discharging sinuses. Granulomatous mastitis is considered to be idiopathic and the pathogenesis is poorly understood. An amplified immune response has been proposed as a likely cause and there is evidence linking Corynebacterium to some cases of granulomatous mastitis. The presentation is similar to bacterial mastitis or abscess and antibiotics are commonly commenced empirically. The cornerstone of diagnosis is histopathological evaluation on core biopsy; an index of suspicion based on demographic assessment can avoid delays in diagnosis. Management is difficult and there is no consensus on best treatment. Various treatment regimens are described, with high relapse rates relating to the nature of the condition. Watchful waiting is appropriate for mild presentations and steroids are the mainstay of treatment for more severe cases. This article reviews the emerging evidence on granulomatous mastitis and describes an updated approach to management.
Functional food plants in Debre Markos district, East Gojjam, Ethiopia
Authors: BELAY HIRUT , WONDIMU TIGIST
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Belay H, Wondimu T. 2018. Functional food plants in Debre Markos district, East Gojjam Ethiopia. Asian J Ethnobiol 2: 8-21. An ethnobotanical analysis of functional food plants was conducted in Debre Markos District, East Gojjam, Ethiopia, to record indigenous knowledge. Ethnobotanical methods were used to collect data from October 2015 to July 2016. Ten villages were chosen at random from the District's 21 villages to perform the analysis. A total of 80 informants (61 men and 19 women) ranging in age from 20 to 79 were chosen to participate in the study and provide information on functional food plants grown and used in the District. Twenty of the 80 informants were chosen (as key informants) on the basis of recommendations from elders and kebele administrators, while the rest were chosen at random. Semi-structured interviews and group discussions were used to gather ethnobotanical data. As functional food plants grown in the District, 29 species from 27 genera and 19 families were identified. The Poaceae and Fabaceae families proved to be the most diverse, with 5 and 4 species, respectively. Herbs (23), shrubs (3), and trees are the species' habits (growth forms) (3). Grains (23.4%) and leaves (23.4%) were the most commonly used plant components (13.8%). Cooking/boiling seeds was the most common form of preparation (23.4%), followed by raw/unprocessed seeds (12.9%). According to informant consensus, Lupinus albus L. (Gibto) was the most commonly recorded species (90%) followed by Eragrostis tef L. (Dabbo teff) (78.8%). Linum usitatissimum L. (Telba) was found to be the most favored species for preventing multiple diseases in a preference rating. Based on the general use-value of functional food plants, a direct matrix analysis showed that Eragrostis tef L. (Dabbo teff) was the most important species. Cinnamomum verum L. was identified by the fidelity level index. Lupinus albus L. (Kerefa) (Gibto) to have a high practical benefit in the prevention of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The key threat to a few functional food plants such as Lupinus albus (Gibto) in the study area was the loss of agricultural lands due to new building construction. The woreda is the central city of East Gojjam Zone. As a result, stalk owners must focus their efforts on resolving the problem
Assessment of biodiversity conservation in Entoto Natural Park, Ethiopia for ecotourism development
Authors: TESEMA ASFAW DEMEKE , BERHAN GETACHEW
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Belay H, Wondimu T. 2018. Functional food plants in Debre Markos district, East Gojjam Ethiopia. Asian J Ethnobiol 2: 8-21. An ethnobotanical analysis of functional food plants was conducted in Debre Markos District, East Gojjam, Ethiopia, to record indigenous knowledge. Ethnobotanical methods were used to collect data from October 2015 to July 2016. Ten villages were chosen at random from the District's 21 villages to perform the analysis. A total of 80 informants (61 men and 19 women) ranging in age from 20 to 79 were chosen to participate in the study and provide information on functional food plants grown and used in the District. Twenty of the 80 informants were chosen (as key informants) on the basis of recommendations from elders and kebele administrators, while the rest were chosen at random. Semi-structured interviews and group discussions were used to gather ethnobotanical data. As functional food plants grown in the District, 29 species from 27 genera and 19 families were identified. The Poaceae and Fabaceae families proved to be the most diverse, with 5 and 4 species, respectively. Herbs (23), shrubs (3), and trees are the species' habits (growth forms) (3). Grains (23.4%) and leaves (23.4%) were the most commonly used plant components (13.8%). Cooking/boiling seeds was the most common form of preparation (23.4%), followed by raw/unprocessed seeds (12.9%). According to informant consensus, Lupinus albus L. (Gibto) was the most commonly recorded species (90%) followed by Eragrostis tef L. (Dabbo teff) (78.8%). Linum usitatissimum L. (Telba) was found to be the most favored species for preventing multiple diseases in a preference rating. Based on the general use-value of functional food plants, a direct matrix analysis showed that Eragrostis tef L. (Dabbo teff) was the most important species. Cinnamomum verum L. was identified by the fidelity level index. Lupinus albus L. (Kerefa) (Gibto) to have a high practical benefit in the prevention of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The key threat to a few functional food plants such as Lupinus albus (Gibto) in the study area was the loss of agricultural lands due to new building construction. The woreda is the central city of East Gojjam Zone. As a result, stalk owners must focus their efforts on resolving the problem.
Bakera: Tradition of medicinal plants utilization for therapy, prevention and recovery of diseases in Jailolo Sultanate custom society, Indonesia
Authors: SYAHDAR SITI AISYAH , TAMALENE M. NASIR , HASAN SAID
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Syahdar SA, Tamalene MN, Hasan S. 2019. Bakera: tradition of medicinal plants utilization for therapy, prevention and recovery of diseases in Jailolo Sultanate custom s­ociety, Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol 2: 41-47. Indonesia is well-known as the source of tropical plants that are very useful for treating various diseases. In addition, there are also various traditional knowledge of herbal utilization in many societies. The people of eastern part in North Maluku Utara Province, the Jailolo Sultanate Society of Halmahera Island, which consists of four original tribes: Gamkonora, Tobaru, Sahu, and Wayoli, still use traditional medicine to treat diseases. Their tradition called “Baker” is similar to the ‘Spa’ in modern urban societies. Bakera as one of local geniuses in medical field has become entrepreneurial interest, especially for those running the spa business. Medically, plants used in Bakera have been proven to have positive effects on health. This data may enrich other data on the wealth and diversity, as well as knowledge on medicinal plants of Indonesian communities. The research used emic and etic approaches. Data was analyzed descriptively, data presentation, data reduction and data verification, data validity check. Informants of the research were eight people, selected using Purposive Sampling Technique. Bakera can be used in postpartum treatment as well as to treat sore, malaria and liver. As a whole, the use of nine different plant species for Bakera consists of medicinal and spice plants. There are three plant species found that often cultivate in the yard. Bakera has thermotherapy and aromatherapy effects that contribute to Bakera effectiveness. Thermotherapy could pacify muscle tension, lose weight, increase blood circulation, reduce tension headache, autoimmunity, and relaxation. In addition, plants used have immunostimulant, antiseptic, and antiphlogistic effects.
Ethnobotany of food plant used by Sundanese Ethnic in Nyangkewok Hamlet, Kalaparea Village, Sukabumi District, Indonesia
Authors: Cita Ken Dara
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Cita KD. 2019.Ethnobotany of food plant used by Sundanese Ethnic in Nyangkewok Hamlet, Kalaparea Village, Sukabumi District, Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol 2: 16-22. Food insecurity is an important threat in West Java Province. Ethnobotany in Food Plant of Sundanese Ethnic can be an alternative to a food crisis. In this study, we looked for insights on how Sundanese Ethnic inhabiting around the Gede Mountain, Nyangkewok Village, interact with their environments and how they use ecological knowledge on plants for their existence. This study used the exploration and in-depth interview method with 30 respondents from March until June 2019 and analyzed with the Cultural Food Cultivated Significant Index. This study recorded 101 species of valuable plants, 48 families, dominated by Cucurbitaceae. The highest Cultural Food Cultivated Index is pare (Oryza sativa). Sundanese Ethnic living in the Nyangkewok Village has been undergoing extreme changes in both social and ecological conditions. This study recommends conservation plans that include traditional environmental knowledge, plant monitoring, and participation with Nyangkewok communities.
Diversity of plants as food supplement and medicine for livestock: Local culture in cattleman communities
Authors: Harmen Harmen
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Diversity of plants as food supplement and medicine for livestock: Local culture in cattleman communities. Asian J Ethnobiol 3: 23-29. Various types of plants can be used as food for livestock. In addition to its function as feed, several types of plants can also be used as medicines for livestock. The research aims to record the types of plant species that were traditionally used by farmers as feed supplements and medicines for livestock. Observations were made using a survey method in three regions in West Sumatra, namely Tanah Datar, Solok, and Limapuluh Kota District. Sampling was carried out randomly (random sampling) by picking up breeders who were considered as successful breeders (having more than five cows), and familiar with traditional medicines as a sample. Interviews were conducted to obtain information on the types of plants used as supplements or medicines. Furthermore, the plant types were recorded in their location of growing. All types of plants were documented in the form of photographs. Data were displayed descriptively, i.e., images with supporting information. The observations found more than 15 types of plants commonly used by cattlemen to increase growth, reproductive capacity, and as medicine if livestock had health problems.
Review: A relation between ethnobotany and bioprospecting of edible flower Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) in Indonesia
Authors: Afrianto Whisnu Febry , TAMNGE FADILA , HASANAH LAELI NUR
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Afrianto WF, Tamnge F, Hasanah LN. 2020. Review: A relation between ethnobotany and bioprospecting of edible flower Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) in Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol 3: 51-61. Clitoria ternatea L., known as “bunga telang” in Indonesia, is an important medicinal plant belongs Fabaceae, which is an ornamental perennial climber. It has widely distributed throughout Africa, Asia, Australia, North and South America, Pacific (Northwestern, South-Central, and Southwestern). This review aims to study the relation between ethnobotany and bioprospecting of C. ternatea. The literature study revealed that Indonesian communities use flowers part of C. ternatea as an eye medicine, boils disease, an ornamental plant, and a symbol in traditional ceremonies. Leaf, flower, seed, and root of this species have bioprospecting for medicine, agriculture, as well as food and beverage. Ethnobiology exploration of C. ternatea in Indonesia is an initial step to observe the bioprospecting potential. Then, it can be continued to further research to produce commercial products where these products will provide an economic impact and motivate communities to take a part of conservation actions. The present study assesses the limited works that have been carried out on bioecology, ethnobotany, bioprospecting, and market potential. We hope that the study‘s output can spur further research and industry approach.
Short communication: Differences in local perceptions of Osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae) from several islands in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan Ardiansyah , PRAMONO DASA Y. , INDRAYATI ARTIN , HERMANTO HERMANTO , TRISWIYANA IRA
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Kurniawan A, Pramono DY, Indrayati A, Hermanto, Triswiyana I. 2020. Short communication: Differences in local perceptions of Osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae) from several islands in Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol 3: 79-84. Osteochilus spilurus is native freshwater fish on the islands of Sundaland, Indonesia. No study has been reported on this fish utilization other than in the Belitung Islands, so another local perception of Indonesian island needs to be investigated. Local recreational fishing in Palangkaraya, Pontianak, and Pekanbaru and fishers in Palangkaraya, Eastern and western of  Belitung, Southern and  Central Bangka, and North Lampung were the sources of local knowledge. We obtained data using a Facebook app survey to see local recreational fishers' awareness, interviews with one fisherman in each region, and a literature review for Belitung public perception. There is a different awareness of people from East Belitung to other regions. In East Belitung, knowledge of O. spilurus has a link to the local culture. Fishermen have the most relevant fishing gear expertise for the catch of O. spilurus, based on environmental factors and fish behavior. Large-scale fishing, consuming, and trade of it only takes place in East Belitung. It has an impact on the use of non-environmentally sustainable mesh size nets that threaten their natural survival.
Corrigendum: El análisis de moderación en el ámbito
socioeducativo a través de la macro Process en SPSS
Statistics
Authors: Galindo-Domínguez Héctor
Published: May 2021

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