bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutritional composition and antioxidant compounds of coconut candy with added açaí pulp
Authors: Miranda Affonso Sergio Matheus , Dos Santos Daniela Cavalcante , Neves Leandro Camargo , De Oliveira Daniel Magalhães , Uchoa Sandra Catia Pereira , Cardoso Alice Victória Silva , De Sousa Lailson Oliveira
Published: February 2022

The açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) is an Amazonian fruit that is widely consumed in Brazil and around the world, particularly due to its large number of bioactive compounds. In order to verify the bioactive characteristics of açaí in popular consumer products, the aim of this study was to test the increasing function of açaí pulp (bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity) in the production of coconut candy. The treatments consisted of four formulations of coconut candy (C): with no açaí pulp (CA0), with 10% açaí pulp (CA10), with 20% açaí pulp (CA20) and with 30% açaí pulp (CA30), in addition to the sugar, grated coconut, gum agar, citric acid and water that are part of the standard formulation of each treatment. The experimental design was completely randomised with three replications. The following analyses were carried out: total sugars, lipids, proteins, moisture, calorific value, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The increasing concentrations of açaí in the formulations significantly increased the total sugar and lipid concentrations, moisture, and calorific value. The anthocyanin concentration increased linearly with the increase in pulp concentration. The coconut candy from formulation CA20 showed the greatest antioxidant activity between the proposed formulations. The formulations had no effect on the levels of phenolic compounds. The anthocyanin content differed statistically between formulations, with the highest values seen in formulation CA30. Formulations CA20 and CA30 are sources of bioactive components.
Digital library initiatives: An overview of national and international scenario
Authors: Wani Gautam A.
Published: February 2022

The emergence of digital technology and computer networking have provided means where by Information can be stored, retrieved, disseminated, and duplicated in a very fast manner. Digital libraries have made considerable advances, both in technology and its applications. The digital library initiatives at international level are many, but in developing counties like India they are still in a nascent stage. But with initiative like Google Books Projects, Million Book Project, initiated by Carnegie Mellon University, the culture of digital library has also made a beginning in India. This paper discusses the various national and international digital library initiatives projects like Million Book Project, Google Books Projects, NDL, NDLTD.WDL, ICDL, Kalasampada, Shodhganga, KhudaBaksh OrientalPublic Library,Vidyanidhi etc.
Factor affecting recovery after guillain-barre syndrome: A narrative review
Authors: Solanki Chirag , Chitroda Hetvi , Jethloja Hetvi , Parmar Fenisha , Raichura Radhika , Rana Janvi , Unadkat Priyanka
Published: February 2022

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a set of clinical syndromes with a common pathophysiological basis, and is usually considered to be an immune-mediated disorder of the peripheral nervous system. GBS is usually characterized by symmetrical flaccid paralysis with areflexia, which usually reaches a maximum severity within four weeks. To identify the predictive factors associated with prognosis in the Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), which can be helpful to fully evaluate the disease progression and provide proper treatments. GBS is usually self-limiting, and most patients either recover completely or only retain minor residual symptoms. But there are still several patients who may face severe out-comes including death. In our study, GBS prognostic factor are studied and relevance is found regarding the disorder.

Literature was searched using many electronic databases. Additionally, reference list of most prominent articles were searched to increase the search accuracy, as much as possible. Studies which are evaluating the factors which are affecting recovery after GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.

This suggests that there are certain infections causing GBS into the patient, also it occurs by a weak immune response to illness.
Robot Laura - Auditoría Algorítmica
Authors:   Eticas Research and Consulting
Published: February 2022

Este documento presenta el Informe Final de la auditoría algorítmica del sistema Laura, llevada a cabo por Eticas Research and Consulting. Esta auditoría no solo aborda la justicia algorítmica en el modelo de procesamiento automatizado; también conlleva una evaluación de la deseabilidad, aceptabilidad y gestión de los datos en dicho sistema. El documento desarrolla los resultados de estos análisis sobre la base de una descripción de su modelo y un análisis de su marco social de implantación. El sistema Laura es un robot cognitivo y gestor de riesgos que actúa en la identificación temprana de los riesgos de deterioro clínico.
Research Insights: How Well Does Fiscal Policy Explain Brazil’s Inflation History from 1960 to 2016?
Authors: García Marcio , Guillen Diogo , Kehoe Patrick
Published: February 2022

Las tasas de inflación están estrechamente relacionadas con la expansión de la base monetaria en Brasil en el período 1960-2016. Los persistentes déficits fiscales tuvieron como resultado restricciones del financiamiento de la deuda y obligaron al gobierno a recurrir al financiamiento monetario, permitido por un marco institucional débil en torno a la autoridad monetaria. Las estadísticas oficiales a menudo no representan la verdadera situación fiscal del país, dado que no incluyen los déficits de las entidades públicas como los bancos públicos y las empresas de propiedad estatal. La mejora de los balances fiscales fue una de las medidas necesarias para acabar con los episodios inflacionarios, y la implementación de estas medidas fue seguida de períodos de un crecimiento económico más rápido.
Los sistemas de trazabilidad como herramientas de diferenciación para la inserción internacional de cadenas de valor agroalimentarias
Authors:   BID Invest, Hallak Juan Carlos , Tacsir Andrés
Published: February 2022

Las preocupaciones de los países desarrollados por la seguridad alimentaria y las condiciones sanitarias y fitosanitarias han llevado a crecientes exigencias públicas y privadas de trazabilidad sobre las exportaciones agroalimentarias hacia dichos países. Estas exigencias suelen ser atendidas a través de sistemas de trazabilidad desarrollados por las empresas exportadoras, a menudo controlados por la autoridad sanitaria, que en sus términos más básicos garantizan la capacidad de realizar en forma efectiva el retiro del mercado (recall) de productos insalubres o que ponen en riesgo la salud vegetal o animal. Sin embargo, una opción superadora es el desarrollo de sistemas de trazabilidad integrados para toda la cadena. Estos sistemas “de cadena” implican beneficios en términos de eficiencia, normalización, explotación de la información y reputación. Además, sirven como plataforma para el desarrollo de otros más avanzados que contienen información adicional valorada por los clientes, constituyéndose en instrumentos de diferenciación. En este trabajo, analizamos estos distintos tipos de sistemas de trazabilidad y los desafíos de coordinación que imponen a la política pública. A la vez, describimos la prevalencia relativa de los mismos en América Latina y estudiamos en detalle los casos del sistema de trazabilidad de las cadenas del limón en Argentina y de la carne vacuna en Uruguay.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF THE MECHANOCHEMICAL ENDOVENOUS ABLATION OF GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN USING POLYDOCANOL FOAM OF ROOM TEMPERATURE AND COOLED ONE
Authors:   Minsk 4th City Clinical Hospital named after N.E. Savchenko, Shestak N.G. , Klimchuk I.P. ,   Minsk 4th City Clinical Hospital named after N.E. Savchenko,   Belarusian State Medical University, Khryshchanovich V.Ya. ,   Minsk 4th City Clinical Hospital named after N.E. Savchenko,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: February 2022

Objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of long-term (3-yars) results of varicose veins treatment by mechanochemical endovenous ablation (MOCA) with using polidocanol foam of room temperature and a chilled one. Methods. The study is based on the treatment results of 122 patients with great saphenous vein (GSV) incompetence. The patients were randomized into 2 groups. In the main group (n=60), mechano-chemical ablation was performed according to original technique, using a cooled sclerosant, 60ᵒ degrees leg elevation and a shin bandage; in the comparison group (n=62) standard technique was used. The median GSV diameter in the main group was Me (Q25; Q75) = 7.4 (5.8; 8.2) mm, in the comparison group - Me (Q25; Q75) = 7.3 (5.6; 8.3) mm (P=0.794). Results. One month after the surgery, the GSV was totally occluded in 100% cases in the main and in 96.7% cases in the comparison group (P=0.496). One year after the surgery, occlusion rates were 94.6% and 80.4% respectively (P=0.042). 3 years later, GSV occlusion was diagnosed in 92.6% cases and in 76.4% cases, respectively (P=0.0033). Hyperpigmentation was reported in 21.7% legs in the main group and 22.6% legs in the comparison group (P>0,99). Transient superficial phlebitis developed in 6.7% and in 8.1% legs, respectively (P=0.744). Conclusion. Endovenous mechanochemical cryoablation is more effective than the standard MOCA technique and can be considered as the most preferable method for eliminating reflux in the GSV. What this paper adds A comparative safety and efficacy of the endovenous mechanochemical cryoablation in comparison with the standard technique to eliminate GSV reflux has been evaluated for the first time. A small number of complications and significant positive dynamics of clinical symptoms were reported in both groups. After 3 years, GSV recanalization rate was 3.2 times higher using the standard technique.
PATHOGENETIC PREREQUISITES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ADHESION PROCESS OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Klyuiko D.A.
Published: February 2022

In the literature, there is a discussion concerning the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of adhesions of the abdominal cavity and associated with intestinal obstruction, while the question of the pathogenesis of the disease and the true reasons for its development is completely overlooked. Recently, there have been no any significant achievements in solving this problem. The analysis of literature sources revealed a number of shortcomings of the scientific and practical approach associated with outdated fundamental ideas about the causes of the adhesive process, which are based on tissue oxygenation and fibrin organization. So, the healing of the peritoneum and the restoration of the native layer of mesioteliocetes without the formation of adhesions is possible only in the first 3 days from the moment of an injury. At the same time, hypoxia plays an important role in the formation of peritoneal adhesions, affecting the maturation of mesothelial cells and the differentiation of fibroblasts. The solution to the problem of adhesion is possible by influencing the key links of pathogenesis: hypoxia in the abdominal tissue, the system of fibrinolytic and extracellular matrix degradation, the formation and activation of autocoids and regulators of fibrotic tissue. Despite the traditionally established approaches, it is necessary to revise the concept of the pathogenicity theory understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of adhesion formation .
POSSIBILITIES OF VASCULAR TRANSPLANTATION IN URGENT SURGERY OF MAIN ARTERIES
Authors:   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Kalinin R.E. , Suchkov I.A. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Karpov V.V. ,   Regional Clinical Hospital, Egorov A.A. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University,   Regional Clinical Hospital, Pshennikov A.S. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University,   Regional Clinical Hospital, Karpov D.V. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University,   Regional Clinical Hospital, Krylov A.A. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University,   Regional Clinical Hospital
Published: February 2022

The article presents the experience of using allografts from a postmortem donor in emergency surgery of the main arteries of the lower extremities. Possible tactical methods of combined use of alloartery and allovein from various donors in urgent surgery have been demonstrated. High risks of interventions aimed at relieving early and late complications of vascular reconstructions remain an actual problem in angiosurgery. Very often, operations are performed in the presence of extensive necrosis and trophic ulcers (stage IV according to the Fontaine-Pokrovsky classification). Autovenous conduit from the great saphenous vein (type of arterial bed lesions C, D according to TASS II) was and remains the gold standard for choosing a shunt for reconstructive operations on infrainguinal arteries. In case of repeated reconstructions in the absence of a suitable autovein, in the presence of trophic ulcers and necrosis, an infectious process in the area of the vascular prosthesis, it is not always possible to use a synthetic prosthesis as a reliable alternative. Unsatisfactory results of using such materials dictate the need to choose a suitable graft. The problem of using allografts requires further advanced study. In this regard, the experience of using allografts in two non-standard urgent clinical situations is presented. The conclusion is made about the possibility of effective use of allografts from a postmortem donor in patients with bleeding after endovascular treatment of critical limb ischemia with trophic changes in the staged surgical treatment, as well as in patients with thrombosed anastomotic false aneurysms after previously performed surgical interventions.
INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS OF AORTAL AND MITRAL HEART VALVES AT CHRONIC UROSEPSIS
Authors:   I.Ya.Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Romaniuk T.V. , Lekan R.I. ,   I.Ya.Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Loyko I.I. ,   I.Ya.Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University
Published: February 2022

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a multisystem disease that results from an infection, usually a bacterial one, on the endocardial heart surface. A clinical case of a patient admitted to the department of cardiovascular surgery with a diagnosis of active infectious endocarditis of the aortic and mitral valves with concomitant chronic urosepsis is described. According to the bacteriological study an etiological relationship between the origin of heart pathology and chronic urosepsis was established. The results of current methods of visual diagnostics on the basis of which the preoperative diagnosis was formed are also described. Prosthetics of the On-X 19 aortic valve and On-X 27/29 mitral valve was performed. The postoperative period and the features of its course were assessed, taking into account the etiological nature of infective endocarditis. This clinical case clearly shows that any chronic infectious process can cause damage to the endocardium, even with slowly developing processes of atypical origin, for example, the urinary system. Thus, this case indicates that it is necessary to examine a patient with acute and chronic infectious processes carefully and comprehensively for infective endocarditis, since in the early stages the disease manifests itself gradually; and this helps prevent serious complications in the future.
Measuring an Organization’s Change Readiness Regarding the Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Britel Zineb , Cherkaoui Abdelghani
Published: February 2022

To successfully implement corporate social responsibility within an organization, and to enhance proactive behaviors that support change, it is essential to ensure the members’ readiness for change. However, the question that often arises is how an organization’s level of change readiness can be measured. This paper describes the development of a change readiness evaluation framework based on a maturity model perspective that combines the Analytic Hierarchy Process with the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method; the Delphi method is also used to reach consensus among the participants. This framework takes the relative importance of change readiness factors into consideration and provides detailed evaluation results for each category of factors. The uncertainty and subjectivity that is inherent in the human factor is also considered, and the maturity model approach helps to situate the organization’s change readiness maturity level on a spectrum. The presented case study aims to assess a bank’s readiness for change regarding the implementation of corporate social responsibility. The obtained results attest to an average change readiness maturity level and have several practical implications, such as the necessity of creating a targeted improvement roadmap in response to the evaluation results. Specifically, it revealed the necessity of enhancing the company’s structural factors as well as undertaking further improvement efforts regarding change communication and change recipients’ individual’s attributes.
Investment Decisions in Emerging Market: Demographic Analysis of Individual Investor in Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Sutyanto David Nathanael , Achsani Noer Azam , Sembel Roy , Andati Trias
Published: February 2022

The number of individual investors in Indonesia has continued to grow in recent times and has reached 97.67% of the total investors in Indonesia. Due to this high number, the investment decisions of individual investors should be an important benchmark in the movement of Indonesia’s capital market. Investment behavior between individuals is very different and easy to change, but there is a pattern or model that can provide an overview of the activities carried out. Not only psychological factors, but demographic factors are also suspected to be determinants that influence investors’ decisions. The diversity of investment behaviors can be described by stock ownership. In Indonesia, blue-chip stocks are represented in the LQ45 index group. Although investors have different characteristics, their demographics are often used as second references to determine investment behavior. This study aims to determine the investment behavior using four important inherent characteristics of investors including gender, age, occupation, and income. The secondary data obtained from 3,911 investors were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed a unique pattern of investment behavior; therefore, the demographics of investors need to be analyzed regularly.
Bacteremia After Orthodontic Miniscrew Insertion
Authors: Feizbakhsh Masood , Daneshkazemi Pedram , Mobasherizade Sina , Fallah Niloofar
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Use of miniscrews has become very common in orthodontic treatment of patients. Following tissue manipulation during miniscrew placement, bacteremia may occur, which is important in patients susceptible to infective endocarditis. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of bacteremia following orthodontic miniscrew placement.
Materials and Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted on 30 orthodontic patients, including 11 males (36.7%) and 19 females (63.3%) with a mean age of 23.67±4.87 years, who required miniscrew placement in their treatment plan. Two blood samples were taken from the patients for aerobic and anaerobic cultures right before and 30-60 seconds after miniscrew placement. To investigate the presence of bacteremia, the blood samples were incubated in an automated blood culture machine for five days. The standard biological methods were used for the positive sample(s) to identify the type of bacteria. Data analysis was performed using the McNemar test.
Results: The blood samples of 29 patients were negative for the bacteria before and after miniscrew placement. Blood sample of one patient was positive for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria after miniscrew placement. However, bacteremia was negative in the initial (preplacement) blood samples for both aerobes and anaerobes.
Conclusion: Miniscrew placement in orthodontic patients was not associated with bacteremia.
Auditory and Vestibular Complaints Among COVID-19 Patients: A Descriptive Survey of 300 Young Patients Over a 3-Month Follow-up Period
Authors: Shahidipour Zahra , Rouhbakhsh Nematollah , Tavanai Elham
Published: February 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by a novel coronavirus, presenting a wide range of symptoms. Most of the reported symptoms are commonly related to the respiratory system; however, over time, the disease has shown new diverse signs and symptoms. Recent studies have suggested that COVID-19 may affect the auditory and vestibular systems. Besides, little is known about symptoms that persist after the recovery. This study aimed to investigate the general characteristics and especially auditory and vestibular symptoms in young COVID-19 patients over a 3-month follow-up.
Materials and Methods: A total of 300 participants aged 25-45 years took part in this cohort study. They were diagnosed with COVID-19, according to radiographical abnormalities on CT scan and or PCR test, and were in good health based on medical history. Patients who had a history of hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus, or any disease associated with auditory and vestibular disorders and who were hospitalized and received drugs were excluded. We collected patients’ demographics, some common symptoms, and their complaints (acute phase), and 1 month and 3 months later (follow-up phases) using a checklist of symptoms. The participants were asked to describe their chief complaints and, in particular, whether they had any complaints of hearing problems, tinnitus, rotatory vertigo, and aural fullness, or even changes in these symptoms over these periods.
Results: Auditory and vestibular symptoms were observed in a small percentage of COVID-19 patients and were not their chief complaints. Overall, among 300 patients, only about 5% of patients (15 cases) expressed rotatory vertigo, 4% (12 cases) aural fullness, 2.66% (8 cases) tinnitus, and 2.66% (8 cases) hearing problem in the acute phase. However, these symptoms disappeared almost in all participants in the follow-up phases (0 to 3 cases). In addition, none of these symptoms were the patients’ chief complaints.
Conclusion: Only a small percentage of COVID-19 patients complained of auditory and vestibular symptoms. It needs to be determined whether these complaints are due to the effects of the virus itself, medications, or stress. The persistence of some symptoms, such as fatigue even after 3 months, indicates the long-term impact of the COVID-19 virus, which necessitates further studies.
Satisfaction of Patients Following Online Managing and Hands-on Rehabilitation During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Pediatric Center
Authors: Otadi Khadijeh
Published: February 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the satisfaction rate of patients referred to Bahrami Hospital, Tehran City, Iran, by telerehabilitation and hands-on provision during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Case Presentation: Six pediatric patients with torticollis’ disorders, Erb’s palsy, and muscle weakness were referred to Bahrami Hospital. All those subjects were assessed and advised with different exercises and interventions, and then the rest session followed with the online managing with videos or WhatsApp consultation. Then satisfaction rate of the patients was evaluated based on a Likert-type scale.
Results: The patients revealed low satisfaction for alone telerehabilitation. However, all patients preferred to combine teleconsultation and hands-on rehabilitation. Of course, they were all satisfied with telerehabilitation.
Conclusion: It seems that most patients are afraid of the inability to perform accurate exercises and prefer to come on face-to-face rehabilitation, sometimes used in addition to telerehabilitation and teleconsultation.
Professional Representation as Restriction of the Right of a Legal Entity (Corporation) to Judicial Protection
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Arbitration Procedure of the Saratov State Law Academy, PhD (Law), Kazakova Svetlana P. , Kukhareva Olesya A. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Arbitration Procedure of the Saratov State Law Academy, PhD (Law), Yusupova Asia N. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Arbitration Procedure of the Saratov State Law Academy, PhD (Law)
Published: February 2022

The relevance of the work is due to the need to analyze and comprehend the institution of professional judicial representation in the light of the implementation of the right of legal entities to judicial protection. The results of the work are presented in the form of theses on the restriction by the current arbitration procedural legislation of the corporation’s right to participate in court cases in the aspect of the principles of civil procedural law. The authors come to the conclusion about the need for more flexible legal regulation of the institution of judicial representation in order to ensure guarantees of access of legal entities to justice.
Relevant Issues of the Development of the Principle of Good Faith in an Arbitration and Civil Procedure
Authors:   Degree-Seeking Student of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Altai State University, Chief Legal Officer of a Group of Trade Companies of the Altai Territory, Master of Private Law, Fedin Ilya G.
Published: February 2022

The article deals with topical issues related to the development of the principle of good faith in domestic civil and arbitration law. The author describes the current state of this principle in these sectors, discloses the concept of «good faith» and proposes legislative initiatives to develop the regulator in the judicial process and thereby strengthen the procedural culture.
The English Model of Enforcement Proceedings
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Law Faculty of the National Research University Higher School of Economics (NRU HSE), Deputy Head of the Division of the Ministry of Justice of Russia, Olenin Dmitriy A.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the enforcement proceedings in England. The author examines the specific characters of the system of compulsory execution of judicial acts in civil cases in England, together with the measures of compulsory execution provided by the English procedural legislation and the procedure for their application. Analyzing foreign legislation, the author concludes that in England there is a mixed decentralized judicial enforcement system. Also, the author identifies a big importance of the recoverer in enforcement proceedings in England. Consequently, the role of the enforcement agent in England is reduced to the implementation of the recoverer’s will by order of the court.
On the Exercise of the Right of Suit in the Context if the Choice of Cause of Action
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Arbitral Procedure of the Saratov State Law Academy, Tokareva Anna A.
Published: February 2022

The article studies the legal nature of the right to claim in the aspect of the unity of substantive and procedural features. In addition, the right to choose a claim is disclosed in cases of competition of claims, which is important not only in theoretical but also in practical terms. In order to form a comprehensive understanding of the essence of the right to claim and its implementation in the competition of claims, general scientific and private law (historical-legal, formal-legal, comparative-legal) methods are used. It is proved that the right to claim is a complex category, the content of which includes the right to sue (first) and the right to satisfy a claim (second) as different but correlative concepts. It is noted that the uniqueness of both powers of claim is manifested in the conditions (prerequisites) for their occurrence and implementation, which are divided into general (universal) and special. In addition, the issue of the exercise of the right to claim in the context of competition of claims is raised, the criteria for choosing the appropriate method for the protection of violated or disputed rights and interests protected by law are highlighted. It is concluded that leveling the competition of claims requires the development of a special, most effective strategy for exercising the right to claim.
Analysis of factors affecting completion of growth processes in the post-puberty period
Authors: Kruglikova E. V. , Chanchaeva E. A. , Aizman R. I.
Published: February 2022

Post-puberty age is characterized by the formation of a definitive level of morphofunctional indicators of the body, the processes of social adaptation to a new after school stage of life and level of education. For age-related physiology, the post-puberty age is of interest in terms of the timing of completion of growth processes, as well as factors that determine these boundaries. Differences in the timing of completion of growth processes in juvenile age are due not only to a genetic factor, but also to a complex of epigenetic effects. This paper analyzes the literature data on factors that determine the timing of stabilization of growth processes in post-puberty age. The results of the analysis allow us to scientifically justify the conditions for the full implementation of the genotypic trait of long body size. Modern ideas about humoral mechanisms of growth regulation indicate the relationship between the secretion of growth factors and environmental conditions. Numerous studies prove the association of growth hormone with the stage of delta sleep and physical activity, somatomedin-C-with a protein diet. Growth hormone synergists in certain concentrations are insulin, sex and thyroid hormones, while glucocorticoids are antagonists. These factors allow us to explain the secular variability of the longitudinal body parameters of the generations in 19th-20th and 20th-21st centuries, depending on socio-economic conditions, lifestyle, puberty, and nutrition. The significance of the genetic factor is confirmed by differences in the timing of stabilization of body length between populations of different racial and ethnic backgrounds, and the sensitivity of growth processes to environmental factors is appeared between different geographical latitudes populations. Therefore, along with the genetic factor, climatic and geographical conditions, food quality, sleep and wake patterns, and lifestyle are determinants that affect the variability in the timing of growth processes completion in postpubertal age.
Issues of improvement in medical rehabilitation of disabled people suffering from cardiovascular diseases at the present stage
Authors: Sabirova E. R. , Nizamov R. Kh. , Burykin I. M.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to conduct a medical and statistical analysis of disability indicators for the period 2009-2019 in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) and to substantiate the main directions for improving rehabilitation measures.

Material and methods. The object of the study was the medico-statistical indicators of «Main Bureau of Medical and Social Assessment in the Republic of Tatarstan (Tatarstan)» of the Ministry of Labor of Russia for 20092019. The study was conducted using a retrospective design. On the basis of the obtained indicators, the absolute and relative values of indicators per capita were calculated. Also, the calculation of the intensive and extensive indicators was carried out. Time series were constructed and trends were evaluated using Mann-Kendall test.

Results and discussion. According to the results of the study, a reliable trend was revealed to increase the share of first-time disabled persons of the first group by 2.6 times in 2009-2019, which is consistent with similar indicators for the Russian Federation. Analysis of the structure of the causes of primary disability for 10 years showed that one of the main causes, along with cancer, was diseases of the cardiovascular system. It was revealed that during the study period, the indicator of the level of primary disability among citizens with circulatory system diseases (CSD) decreased by 2.5 times, but the share of disabled people of the first group in 2019, significantly increased compared to 2009 - by 3.7 times. It was found that the main causes of primary disability in the adult population with CSD in the Republic of Tatarstan were coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases. On the basis of the obtained data, the necessity of improving the measures of state control over the implementation of rehabilitation programs, in particular medical rehabilitation, by expanding the functionality of the «Federal Register of Disabled People» is justified.

Conclusion.Given that the most important element of secondary prevention in persons recognized as disabled is pharmacotherapy, improving the tools for its rationality and quality is one of the priorities for improving the system of rehabilitation of persons suffering from CSD.
Determination of procalcitonin content in blood serum, urine, and ejaculate for the diagnosis of urogenital tract pathology
Authors: Sosnin D. Yu. , Gal’kovich K. R.
Published: February 2022

The determination of the concentration of procalcitonin (PCT) in blood serum and other biological fluids is used for the diagnosis and monitoring of the course of sepsis and the syndrome of a systemic inflammatory reaction. This review summarizes the data on the diagnostic value of the definition of procalcitonin in the practice of urologists and andrologists. The content of procalcitonin in such biological fluids as urine, seminal plasma is almost 10 times higher than the level of this protein in blood serum: this phenomenon is manifested in physiological conditions and in pathological processes. The relationship of clinical and laboratory indicators of inflammation with the severity of urosepsis was analyzed. Elevated serum procalcitonin levels are considered as a predictor of septic shock in patients with urolithiasis, and determine the management tactics of patients with urinary tract obstruction. The marker function of this protein was studied in inflammation in the renal parenchyma, in malignant neoplasms of the kidneys, bladder, ureter, prostate and testis; in the diagnosis of testicular torsion and orchiepididymitis. The article describes the regular changes in the level of urinary procalcitonin depending on the severity of vesicoureteral reflux, the severity of the manifestations of the inflammatory reaction. There were significant differences in the concentration of procalcitonin in seminal plasma between the groups of men with reduced and normal ejaculate fertility.
Stent-assisted coiling of acute ruptured cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Berestov V. V. , Orlov K. Yu. , Krivoshapkin A. L. , Strelnikov N. V. , Somova A. I. , Kislitsin D. S. , Gorbatykh A. V. , Seleznev P. O. , Shayakhmetov T. S. , Kirillov L. M.
Published: February 2022

The necessity of quick surgical treatment of acute ruptured cerebral aneurysms was demonstrated in large studies by the ISAT and ISUIA, which also proved the advantage of the endovascular method over the surgical one. Ballonassistence is widely used in treatment of aneurysms with wide neck and unfavorable vascular anatomy, but the radicality of the treatment is insufficient. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of stent-assisted embolization of «acute» cerebral aneurysms. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the treatment of 234 patients with «acute» cerebral aneurysms was carried out. Results. Only coils were used in 40.6 % of cases (n = 95), balloon-assistance, in 40.2 % of cases (n = 94), and stent-assistance, in 19.2 % of cases (n = 45). There were 11.5 % (n = 27) clinically significant complications. Total aneurysm occlusion (Raymond-Roy I) was achieved in 187 cases (79.9 %); the radicality at the control examination was 67.1 % (157 patients). Discussion. The radicality of the treatment with stents was slightly higher then with balloons and coils at the end of operation (84.4 %, n = 38 and 78.8 %, n = 149, p > 0.05), but it was significantly higher at the control examination (80.0 %, n = 36 and 60.8 %, n = 115, respectively, p <0.05). Also, we had no statistically significant difference of the complication rate in the «stent» and «no stent» groups; therefore, the clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms did not depend on the choice of treatment method. Conclusions. Intracranial stents allow achieving good results of the embolization of complex aneurysms in the acute period of intracranial hemorrhage without increasing the risk of surgical treatment.
Odontogenic mediastinitis: intensive therapy experience (clinical observation)
Authors: Sysolyatin P. G. , Shmakov A. N. , Ivantsov M. E. , Elizar’eva N. L. , Kokhno V. N. , Streltsova E. I. , Kolosov A. N. , Loktin Е. М. , Ivantsov S. M.
Published: February 2022

Mediastinitis as complications of traumas and esophagus perforations are ill-controlled and characterized with high mortality. Yet clinical characteristics and therapeutic controllability of contact odontogenic mediastinitis are not covered enough in medical literature. Aim of the study was to investigate clinical characteristics and to analyze treatment results of odontogenic purulent mediastinitis according to data of pilot monocenter observational study. Material and methods. The results of treatment of the patients with odontogenic mediastinitis were analyzed in groups: panmediastinitis (8 participants) and posterior upper mediastinitis (12 participants). The following indexes were compared: body temperature, content of C-reactive protein, leucocytes, thrombocytes, creatinine, 24-hour and cumulative fluid electrolyte balance reproduced in hospitals of any equipment levels with using of criteria of nonparametric statistics for excluding of false positive results. Results. Causative agents of the infectious process were found in 65 % of patients in bacteriological study. The mortality was 5 %; the process controllability in conditions of described techniques of anesthesiology and intensive therapy has been shown, the danger of infusive overload of the interstitium of the lungs has been demonstrated.
Electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes as predictors of exacerbation in inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Kruchinina M. V. , Svetlova I. O. , Azgaldyan A. V. , Gromov A. A. , Generalov V. M. , Yakovina I. N. , Shestov A. A.
Published: February 2022

The aim of this work is to study the electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), examined in dynamics, as possible predictors of exacerbation of the disease. Material and methods. In dynamics, 23 patients with IBD (37.9 ± 4.3 years) were examined. The first examination was carried out in the stage of exacerbation, the second – after 6–12 months – in the stage of remission of IBD. Additionally, 36 patients with IBD in remission were examined to assess the predictive capabilities of erythrocyte parameters with subsequent monitoring of their condition for 6–12 months. The electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes were investigated by dielectrophoresis. Statistical processing was carried out using a system of machine learning methods – Random Forest, MATLAB (R2019a, MathWorks). Results and discussion. The parameters of erythrocytes, which are predictors of exacerbation of IBD, were revealed: an increase in the proportion of deformed cells (p = 0.0001); altered nature of the erythrocyte surface (p = 0.011); increased electrical conductivity of membranes (p = 0.0019); reduced dipole moment (p = 0.0015), the rate of directional movement of erythrocytes to the electrodes (p = 0.005) (paired and unpaired Volcano plot methods), reduced deformation amplitude at a frequency of 5×105 Hz (p = 0.009), capacity of erythrocyte membranes (p = 0.029 ) (unpaired Volcano plot method). Indicators associated with changes in the charge of cells, the structure of erythrocyte membranes and the level of energy metabolism of the cell turned out to be significant. A high diagnostic accuracy of these indicators was established as predictors: the proportion of deformed cells (AUC 0.939), a summarized viscosity index (AUC 0.932). Cluster analysis of the values of erythrocyte parameters – predictors of exacerbation made it possible to stratify the risk of exacerbation: at the most altered levels of parameters – the development of exacerbation after 2.5–4.5 months, intermediate levels – after 4–6 months, minimally changed – after 8–12 months (predictive accuracy – 92 %). Conclusions. The revealed electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes should be considered as promising predictors of exacerbation in patients with IBD.
Metabolic syndrome components for different assessment criteria among women of a middle-urbanized city of Western Siberia
Authors: Kayumova M. M. , Gakova E. I. , Petelina T. I. , Akimova E. V.
Published: February 2022

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome components at the population level was determined mainly in age-limited contingents, by criteria for assessing metabolic syndrome, or on selective samples of the population, while conducting correct epidemiological studies in open female populations to study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome components according to various assessment criteria seems to be extremely relevant. Aim of the study was to establish the prevalence of metabolic syndrome components in an open female population according to different assessment criteria (on the model of Tyumen). Material and methods. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out among females in one of the administrative districts of Tyumen. A representative sample was formed from electoral lists among women 25-64 years old by the method of «random numbers» – 1000 subjects (250 persons in four decades of life). The response to the study was 70.3 %. The NCEP ATP III (2004) and IDF (2005) criteria for assessing the metabolic syndrome were used for the analysis. Results. In an open population of a moderately urbanized city of Western Siberia among women 25-64 years old, a high prevalence of abdominal obesity was revealed according to various criteria for assessing agestandardized indicator (33.5 and 49.8 %), a positive relationship with age was determined. The prevalence of arterial hypertension, hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia HTG occupies the middle position with a significant increase in indicators in older age categories. In women of the urban population, a high prevalence of high density lipoprotein hypocholesterolemia was revealed in young and middle age (from 18.5 to 31.3 %). Conclusion. The obtained data on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome components in women in an open population help to identify risk groups for the development of cardiovascular diseases and to outline measures for primary prevention among the population of a medium-urbanized city of Western Siberia.
Endothelium state in Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Korsakova N. E.
Published: February 2022

Thrombotic complications contribute significantly in morbidity and mortality of patients with Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis. Vascular endothelium is essential component of hemostatic system, and its functionality failure plays important role in prothrombotic states development. This review comprises analysis of available data on assessment of endothelium state characteristics in Ph-negative MPN and their detection with different methods. The search of literature sources was carried out using PubMed and eLibrary databases. The analysis of research results obtained with the use of different estimation techniques indicates that patients with Ph-negative MPN are characterized by endothelium activation, damage, and, consequently, dysfunction. Endothelium abnormalities associated with myeloproliferation have an effect on all endothelial functions fulfillment. Endothelial dysfunction represents important component of thrombosis pathogenesis in Ph-negative MPN.
Base mucronutrients and food groups consumption, associations with the risk of fatal cardiovascular disease development in people with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Rymar O. D. , Shchetinina A. O. , Mustafina S. V. , Simonova G. I. , Shcherbakova L. V. , Kuntseviсh A. K.
Published: February 2022

Aim. To study the relation between the consumption of the main macronutrients and food groups with the risk of fatal outcomes from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in people with newly diagnosed diabetes and those who are informed about type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material and methods. This prospective analysis included 681 people (284 men and 397 women) with T2DM at baseline HAPIEE (Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe) 2003 (05) – December 31, 2018 and averaged 14.7 ± 0.7 years. There were 207 incident CV mortality during follow-up period (107 men, 100 women). The questionnaire on the presence of T2DM included information on the awareness of individuals about the presence of T2DM (“Did the doctor tell you that you have T2DM?”). The actual nutrition data included information on the consumption of 147 foods. The hazard ratio was estimated using Cox regression. Results and discussion. In men who aware of T2DM, the risk of developing a fatal CV event decreases with an increase in the consumption of “all-season” fruits (HR 0.413; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.234-0.786) and increases with an increase in the consumption of chicken eggs (HR 1.907 95 % CI 1.051-3.437), and alcohol (HR 1.031; 95 % CI 1.001- 1.061). In men who are unaware of T2DM, with an increase in nut consumption, the risk of developing fatal CV events decreases (HR 0.821; 95 % CI 0.679-0.992) and increases with increasing consumption of dairy products (HR 1.105; 95 % CI 1.000-1.221). In women aware of T2DM, consumption of white bread increases the risk (HR 1.489; 95 % CI 1.105-2.004), on the contrary, consumption of black bread reduces the risk of an undesirable outcome (HR 0.575; 95 % CI 0.424-0.818). Conclusions. In men who aware of T2DM, the most significant risk factors were the poor all-season fruits intake and excessive chicken eggs consumption. In women with type 2 diabetes, an increase in white bread consumption is of importance to increasing the risk of an undesirable CV outcome, and an increase in black bread consumption counts for reducing the risk.