bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of laws prohibiting domestic violence on wasting in early childhood
Authors: Bhuwania Pragya , Raub Amy , Sprague Aleta , Martin Alfredo , Bose Bijetri , Kidman Rachel , Nandi Arijit , Behrman Jere R. , Heymann Jody
Published: March 2024

Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects an estimated 641 million women and girls globally with far-reaching consequences for the health of women and children. Yet, laws that prohibit domestic violence (DV) are not universal. Countries actively debate the effectiveness of DV laws in improving conditions given the inconclusive evidence on deterrent effects within households particularly in low- and middle-income countries that have limited infrastructure, and fewer resources to implement and enforce policy changes. This is the first study to rigorously examine the impact of DV laws on women’s health decision-making and the intergenerational impact on children’s wasting, a key predictor of mortality. We used the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data collected between 2000–2020 across 23 African countries. Exploiting the staggered adoption of laws, we used a difference-in-differences study design to estimate the impact of DV laws in the treated countries compared to countries without such laws. We find that DV laws increased women’s decision-making autonomy in healthcare by 16.7% as well as other measures of women’s autonomy that matter for health such as financial autonomy by 6.3% and social mobility by 11.0%. The improvements in women’s autonomy translated into reductions in the probability of wasting among children aged 0–23 months by 5.4% points, a 30.9% reduction from the mean. DV laws also reduced wasting among older children aged 24–59 months by 3.6% points, a 38.7% reduction from the mean. The laws were effective in all 6 countries analyzed individually that criminalized DV. A civil prohibition in the seventh country was not found to be effective. The effect was positive and significant for all wealth and geographical categories. Our findings demonstrate the value of enacting criminal laws that prohibit domestic violence as one important tool to reducing the profound health impacts of IPV, a critical health and human rights issue.
Prozone masks elevated SARS-CoV-2 antibody level measurements
Authors: Sandoval Micaela N. , McClellan Samuel P. , Pont Stephen J. , Ross Jessica A. , Swartz Michael D. , Silberman Mark A. , Boerwinkle Eric
Published: March 2024

We report a prozone effect in measurement of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody levels from an antibody surveillance program. Briefly, the prozone effect occurs in immunoassays when excessively high antibody concentration disrupts the immune complex formation, resulting in a spuriously low reported result. Following participant inquiries, we observed anomalously low measurement of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody levels using the Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S immunoassay from participants in the Texas Coronavirus Antibody Research survey (Texas CARES), an ongoing prospective, longitudinal antibody surveillance program. In July, 2022, samples were collected from ten participants with anomalously low results for serial dilution studies, and a prozone effect was confirmed. From October, 2022 to March, 2023, serial dilution of samples detected 74 additional cases of prozone out of 1,720 participants’ samples. Prozone effect may affect clinical management of at-risk populations repeatedly exposed to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein through multiple immunizations or serial infections, making awareness and mitigation of this issue paramount.
Anti-modularization for both high robustness and efficiency including the optimal case
Authors: Kim Jaeho , Hayashi Yukio
Published: March 2024

Although robustness of connectivity and modular structures in networks have been attracted much attentions in complex networks, most researches have focused on those two features in Erdos-Renyi random graphs and Scale-Free networks whose degree distributions follow Poisson and power-law, respectively. This paper investigates the effect of modularity on robustness in a modular d-regular graphs. Our results reveal that high modularity reduces the robustness even from the optimal robustness of a random d-regular graph in the pure effect of degree distributions. Moreover, we find that a low modular d-regular graph exhibits small-world property that average path length is O(logN). These results indicate that low modularity on modular structures leads to coexistence of both high robustness and efficiency of paths.
Early prediction of the impact of public health policies on obesity and lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes: A modelling approach
Authors: Bauvin Pierre , Delacôte Claire , Wandji Line Carolle Ntandja , Lassailly Guillaume , Raverdy Violeta , Pattou François , Deuffic-Burban Sylvie , Mathurin Philippe
Published: March 2024

Objective

Help public health decision-making requires a better understanding of the dynamics of obesity and type 2 diabetes and an assessement of different strategies to decrease their burdens.

Methods

Based on 97,848 individual data, collected in the French Health, Health Care and Insurance Survey over 1998–2014, a Markov model was developed to describe the progression of being overweight to obesity, and the onset of type 2 diabetes. This model traces and predicts 2022–2027 burdens of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and lifetime risk of diabetes, according to different scenarios aiming at minimum to stabilize obesity at 5 years.

Results

Estimated risks of type 2 diabetes increase from 0.09% (normal weight) to 1.56% (obesity II-III). Compared to the before 1995 period, progression risks are estimated to have nearly doubled for obesity and tripled for type 2 diabetes. Consequently, over 2022–2027, the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes will continue to increase from 17.3% to 18.2% and from 7.3% to 8.1%, respectively. Scenarios statibilizing obesity would require a 22%-decrease in the probability of move up (scenario 1) or a 33%-increase in the probability of move down (scenario 2) one BMI class. However, this stabilization will not affect the increase of diabetes prevalence whereas lifetime risk of diabetes would decrease (30.9% to 27.0%). Combining both scenarios would decrease obesity by 9.9%. Only the prevalence of obesity III shows early change able to predict the outcome of a strategy: for example, 6.7%-decrease at one year, 13.3%-decrease at two years with scenario 1 stabilizing obesity at 5 years.

Conclusions

Prevalences of obesity and type 2 diabetes will still increase over the next 5 years. Stabilizing obesity may decrease lifetime risks of type 2 diabetes without affecting its short-term prevalence. Our study highlights that, to early assess the effectiveness of their program, public health policy makers should rely on the change in prevalence of obesity III.
Sew Me a Quilt. Tell You a Story.
Authors: Barnes Sequoia , Tulloch Carol
Published: March 2024

Sew Me a Quilt. Tell  You a Story. was a performative conversation between Sequoia Barnes and Carol Tulloch that took place at the Fruitmarket Gallery, Edinburgh (25 April 2019). It was in response to the exhibition Senga Nengudi (16 March–26 May 2019), notably her work Ceremony for Freeway Frets (1979) and the RSVP series. These feature costume and textiles associated with Black bodies which Barnes argues lean on the concept of fashioning – establishing design, making and aesthetic codes engineered by and superimposed onto marginalized people – a theme that Barnes explores in her research practice. For Tulloch these works reflect styling – the construction of self through the assemblage of garments, accessories, hairstyles and beauty regimes that may, or may not, be ‘in fashion’ at the time of use. To style one’s body is part of everyday life, which is agency and a form of self-telling. ‘Fashioning’ and ‘styling’ are different, yet equally valid, approaches to thinking about making the self. In this article we will discuss how exploration of the concepts Black fashioning and Black styling informed the performance Sew Me a Quilt. Tell You a Story. through two women hand-stitching a quilt, a joint act that is a longstanding signifier of Black women’s making traditions, storytelling and communal experience. As two Black women who are culturally and generationally different – Barnes is African American and Tulloch is Black British – our shared diasporic connections to quilt-making engendered our pursuit of authorship and agency through making in the otherwise privileged space of the ‘white cube gallery’. Additionally, the article will discuss how this performative conversation blurred the lines between making and performance, materiality and lived experiences as well as how our performative exchange of knowledge – academic, cultural and political – created something that went beyond the usual experience of visiting a gallery to ‘look at art’ to seeing and listening. The original idea for the performance, instigated by Barnes, was for her and Tulloch to talk while hand-stitching an unfinished quilt, which Tulloch began in 2010, in front of an audience they were not to engage with. The intention was to hold space for the audience to enable listening. In practice, the performative conversation also held space for: different kinds of conversations and listening; emotional experiences and healing; and consideration of how Tulloch and Barnes fashion/style their own identities through memories as they stitched towards completing a quilt as a form of remembrance.
The glamour of the Muhteşem Yuzyil: The fashionable Ottoman court in the twenty-first century
Authors: Ulusoy Nilay , Atalay Deniz Gürgen
Published: March 2024

The Magnificent Century series, which was aired in more than 70 countries after its screening in Turkey, narrates the events of the most powerful period of the Ottoman empire (sixteenth century). The series, which was popular from the first episode, has received various criticism from many angles. In particular, the historical reliability of the series has been questioned the most on a local scale. The article aims to interpret the movement called Hürrem Sultan fashion that emerged through the hybridization of time and space in the female characters’ costume, hair and make-up design as a significant component of global audience attraction in the wider context of the historiographical performance of fictional narratives.
Geometrically Wired. IO Van Oostveldt: Between Clothing and Art, curated by Romy Cockx Momu, Antwerp, 25 February–30 July 2023
Authors: Hemmings Jessica
Published: March 2024

Review of: Geometrically Wired. IO Van Oostveldt: Between Clothing and Art, curated by Romy Cockx Momu, Antwerp, 25 February–30 July 2023
Imaginarios neo-colonizadores, Santiago Abascal y discursos (post)imperiales en redes sociales
Authors: Martínez Sáez Celia
Published: March 2024

The growing success of far-right political parties like Vox in Spain has attracted multiple studies that try to analyse this phenomenon. This article takes an intersectional approach to analyse the neo-imperial nature of Vox’s discourses and symbology together with the public construction of Santiago Abascal’s hypermasculinity. Thus, employing a decolonial theoretical framework, this study examines the triumph, symbology and construction of hegemonic masculinity in Vox, not only from an identity perspective derived from the patriarchal system but also from the post-imperial condition of contemporary Spain. Through close readings of Abascal’s social media posts, this article examines the instrumentalization of an imperial imaginary for the construction of an anti-Catalan and neo-colonial nationalism. Ultimately, the post-imperial images used by Vox function as affective devices for the construction of masculinity through appealing to the hero and his conquering enterprise that entails a violent ontology of domination of an Other.
Editorial
Authors: King Andrew
Published: March 2024

This special double issue of Journal of Music, Technology & Education (JMTE) explores issues such as online music education focusing on massive open online courses (MOOCs), advocacy style research, online jamming and network music performance. It also considers music, technology and education from the perspective of virtual worlds (including singing) and an interesting conference report from a conference concerning digital pedagogies.
The effect of virtual reality (VR) training on mastery of the five elements of singing
Authors: Zhang Jin , Cheng Qi , Fu Ping
Published: March 2024

Today, an increasing number of music educators are incorporating modern technologies, including virtual reality (VR), to train music students. This study aims to examine the effect of VR training on the mastery of the five elements of singing by utilizing a quasi-experimental method and survey questionnaires. Additionally, the study investigates students’ preferences between two teaching methods: traditional training with piano accompaniment and training with VR equipment. The experiment involved 35 first- and second-year university vocal music majors. The study utilized a survey tool and IBM SPSS Statistics to process the data, employing paired t-tests, frequency analysis, regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient to measure the effectiveness of the two training models. The results indicated that VR training had a positive impact on singers’ mastery of the five elements and associated singing techniques. Furthermore, music students expressed a preference for VR training over piano accompaniment. Consequently, this study addresses a research gap by employing VR in singing teaching and training and introduces a new teaching tool to academic music programmes.
O tatu, o buraco, a planta e a terra
Authors: Lima Marília da Silva
Published: March 2024

No presente artigo, reflito sobre os relacionamentos entre os ilhéus de uma pequena ilha na Bahia e uma mineradora norte-americana. Eu argumento que a perspectiva nativa de uma ilha “dividida em duas” expressa a produção desigual e violenta de escalas locais/globais, na era do Capitaloceno. A despeito de quaisquer horizontes que denotem comensurabilidades ontológicas e/ou coabitações fleumáticas com o “progresso”, sugiro que nessa ilha de Vera Cruz as tensas fricções de lógicas dessemelhantes indicam transformações entrópicas perpetradas pela expansão capitalista, que comprometem a vitalidade da “terra”.
Efficient protocol for micropropagation of medicinal forest tree Shyonak (Oroxylum indicum) by silver nitrate promoted high frequency shoot proliferation
Authors: Joshi Neelu , Nailwal Dr. Tapan Kumar , Dutta Sharmishtha
Published: March 2024

Oroxylum indicum, a significant medicinal plant in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), faces ecological and economic challenges due to high demand for its traditional herbal remedies, leading to overexploitation. To combat this, the authors have developed an in vitro propagation protocol aimed at achieving robust shoot proliferation. Using nodal segments from in vitro germinated seedlings, the best results were obtained with a medium containing only benzyladenine (BA) at 22.2 µM. Despite basal callus formation and reduced shoot numbers, the addition of silver nitrate improved shoot proliferation and overall plant health. For in vitro root induction and proliferation, a medium enriched with Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at 2.85 µM proved the most effective. Successful transplantation of acclimatized plantlets to field conditions was achieved. This protocol not only aids O. indicum conservation but also holds socio-economic potential for Himalayan communities, as its bark is valuable in commercial Ayurvedic preparations, including Dashamoolarishta.
Dylematy kryzysowe Unii Europejskiej: pandemia i zielony ład
Authors: Marcinkowski Tomasz
Published: March 2024

Kryzys klimatyczny i kryzys związany z pandemią wirusa SARS CoV-2 stały się istotnym wyzwaniem dla Unii Europejskiej. Postawiły też dylemat dotyczący wyboru priorytetów czy też próby ich pogodzenia. W artykule dokonano przybliżenia odpowiedzi na pytanie na ile działania antykryzysowe związane z COVID-19 uwzględniają także dotychczasowe priorytety europejskiej polityki klimatycznej. Jak dowiedziono pomimo trudności związanych z pandemią UE nie zamierza odejść od dotychczasowych zielonych priorytetów. Planowane działania zarówno w zakresie odbudowy gospodarki, jak i w obszarze zdrowia publicznego są komplementarne z dotychczasowymi celami.
The principle of equality and non-discrimination in EU sources of law, and the situation of women in Afghanistan
Authors: Andruszkiewicz Iwetta , Strzemkowska Natalia
Published: March 2024

In this article, an analysis has been conducted of the European Union’s (EU) actions in the context of women’s rights, with a particular focus on the situation in Afghanistan. Following the overthrow of the Taliban regime in 2001, the EU actively engaged with Afghanistan, prioritizing the delivery of humanitarian aid, supporting development processes, democratization, and the promotion of human rights. Over the years, the European Union played a significant role as the main financial donor to Afghanistan concerning women’s and girls’ rights, investing in areas such as education, healthcare, politics, and the economy. The article provides a detailed analysis of the programs and decisions undertaken by the EU to support women in Afghanistan. Additionally, it is based on a long-term perspective, looking at women’s rights in the context of changing political situation, taking into account the role of the European Union in this process.
Implikacje polityki rozszerzania NATO
Authors: Zięba Ryszard
Published: March 2024

Celem tego artykułu jest ukazanie z perspektywy neorealizmu implikacji pozimnowojennego rozszerzenia NATO. Implikacje te należy widzieć na wielu poziomach: (a) bezpieczeństwa nowych członków Sojuszu Północnoatlantyckiego, (b) USA i spoistości NATO, (c) Rosji, (d) militaryzacji stosunków w Europie, (e) wybuchu wojny między Rosją a Ukrainą, oraz (f) globalnego systemu międzynarodowego. Wojna na Ukrainie – będąca efektem m.in. polityki rozszerzania NATO – jest wojną zastępczą Rosji z NATO o konsekwencjach globalnych, które przyspieszają rekonfigurację całego ładu międzynarodowego.
Optimising coagulation/flocculation using response surface methodology and application of floc in biofertilisation
Authors: Iber Benedict Terkula , Okomoda Victor Tosin , Felix Gary Petol , Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh , Oloruntobi Olakunle , Bokhari Awais , Eldesoky Gaber E. , Park Sung Jea , Choi Dongwhi , Chuah Lai Fatt , Kasan Nor Azman
Published: March 2024

Aquaculture effluent generation, an environmentally crucial process requires effective treatment. Simple methods like coagulation and flocculation are considered effective. In this study, chitosan from Black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, was used to remove ammonia (NH3) and turbidity. Response surface methodology-optimised dosages (5.00, 12.50, and 20.00 mg·L−1), pH (5.00, 6.25, and 7.50), and settling times (5.00, 7.50, and 30.00 min) were applied. Water spinach, Ipomea aquatica, received an application for organic fertiliser after the nutrient status of the recovered floc was later determined. Results showed that at a dose of 16.25 mg·L−1, a pH of 7.5, and a settling time of 17.5 min, chitosan cleared 92.16% of the turbidity. After 30 min of settling, 84.42% of the NH3 was eliminated at 5 mg·L−1 and 7.5 pH. Both macronutrients (P, K, N, Mg, and Ca) and micronutrients (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Se, and Zn) are present in the newly discovered floc. Floc had safe low Pb and Ni levels. Plants treated with floc showed superior growth compared to those with commercial liquid fertiliser, confirming nutrient absorbability. Conclusively, this study provides an eco-friendly wastewater treatment method.
Crystal structure of (E)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-(2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one, C13H17NO4
Authors: Liang Chun-Bo , Li Wei-Zhong , Xu Lian-Hua , Wang Hua-Bin
Published: March 2024

C13H17NO4, monoclinic, Cc (no. 9), a = 11.6900(4) Å, b = 8.4868(2) Å, c = 14.1607(5) Å, β = 112.549(4)°, V = 1297.49(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0373, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1071, T = 295.5 K.
Mutual correlations of complexity indices of the crystal structure for the series of mercury-containing minerals
Authors: Banaru Daria A. , Aksenov Sergey M. , Banaru Alexander M. , Oganov Artem R.
Published: March 2024

The correlations of values of the crystal structure complexity indices were calculated using the major modern approaches (10 indices in total), in particular, those, proposed by Krivovichev, Oganov, the concept of implicit hierarchical depth, as well as, for the comparison, the measure of regularity of (r, R)-system introduced by Blatov. To find the correlations, a series of 33 mercury-containing mineral structures with a non-repeating system of crystallographic positions occupied by atoms without any partial occupancy was used. It was shown that almost all pairs of complexity indices are statistically significantly (p < 0.05) positively or negatively correlated. The discriminating power of the indices for the set of structures was calculated. It is discussed that all the indices can be used to assess the complexity for any series of the crystal structures, but each of them has its particular advantages and limitations.
UM VÍRUS... UM PROJETO... ALGUMAS CARTAS...
Authors: Dutra-Pereira Franklin Kaic , Francisca dos Santos Karine , Tinôco Saimonton
Published: March 2024

Durante o período de Ensino Remoto Emergencial foi realizado o projeto “Ensino de Ciências na atualidade: o que (nos) diz a BNCC?”, uma parceria entre instituições públicas das regiões Norte e Nordeste do país, com ações de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Assim, este artigo tem por objetivo identificar situações que funcionaram como espaço de desenvolvimento profissional de bolsistas durante um projeto universitário realizado na pandemia de Covid-19, descrevendo impressões, sentimentos e aprendizagens vivenciados. Para isso, apresenta quatro cartas escritas por bolsistas de graduação que atuaram no projeto, destacando que a participação destes foi uma experiência significativa, pois permitiu conhecer pessoas, estudar sobre a BNCC, problematizar o Ensino de Ciências e aprender sobre processos educativos.
A Socialist Succeeds Gandhi
Authors: Shridharani Krishnalal
Published: March 2024

Excerpts from an essay published by Current History in 1937.
O uso de cães de biodetecção na Perícia Criminal
Authors: De Albuquerque Costa Waldemir , De Oliveira Machado João Henrique , Barbosa Ladeira de Campos Claudia , Pessotti de Oliveira Gonçalves Dayelle Sâmila
Published: March 2024

A sensibilidade olfativa dos cães é uma potente ferramenta que vem sendo utilizada há muito tempo pelo homem nas mais diversas tarefas. No campo das ciências forenses, tem se mostrado um recurso igualmente relevante: diversos estudos e experiências de equipes de perícias pelo mundo vêm demonstrando o potencial do uso de cães farejadores, mesmo que muitos aspectos do funcionamento do faro canino ainda sejam desconhecidos. Este trabalho se destina a revisar o tema da biodetecção com cães na perícia criminal, trazendo bibliografia de referência para discutir as principais questões envolvidas nesta área, como os setores de maior aplicação da técnica, a necessidade de desenvolvimento de mais estudos criminalísticos locais e a importância da criação de diretrizes de treinamento que assegurem sua confiabilidade metodológica.
Gerbang logika X-OR pada pandu gelombang optik single mode y-branching dengan menaruh sebagian bahan tak-linier di dalam cladding
Authors: Mutmainnah Mutmainnah
Published: March 2024

An Optical Logic X-OR gate in Y-Branching single mode waveguide which nonlinear material superimposed partially in the cladding region was analyzed by means of FD-BPM (Finite Difference Beam Propagation Method). The whole proposed waveguide dimension is 50 x 3900 Âµm and for each fixed parameters such as film width w = 2.0 Âµm, angle Î¸ = 0.2290, film refractive index nf =1.552, cladding refractive index nc=1.550, Î»=0.5145 Âµm, nonlinear coefficient (partially superimposed in the cladding region) a = 6.377x10-12 m2/V2 and propagation constant Î²/k0 =1.55087373.Â  Scheme of laser intensities propagation from input channel to the output channel showedÂ  that the yield of the opticalÂ  logicÂ  X-OR gate exhibited the following output powers.Â Â
Analisis Karakteristik Graphene Oxide dan Reduksinya melalui Gelombang Mikro
Authors: Fauzi Fika , Dwandaru Wipsar Sunu Brams
Published: March 2024

Telah dilakukan preparasi graphene oxide (GO) dengan metode Hummer dan direduksi menjadi reduced graphene oxide (rGO) melalui penyinaran gelombang mikro. Serbuk GO hasil preparasi dimasukkan ke dalam microwave selama 20 menit dan divibrasi menggunakan ultrasonik agar diperoleh larutan dispersi rGO. Selain itu, karakterisasi menggunakan XRD pada sampel GO. Hasil karakterisasi UV-Vis pada sampel GO dan rGO masing-masing menunjukkan serapan pada panjang gelombang 230 nm dan 300 nm, dan serapan tunggal pada 267 nm. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penyinaran gelombang mikro berhasil mereduksi oksigen dari GO. Reduksi oksigen dari GO dapat diketahui berdasarkan analisis SEM-EDS yang mampu menunjukkan perubahan morfologi dari GO menuju rGO sekaligus perbedaan kadar unsur atom dalam kedua sampel tersebut. Data SEM menunjukkan lekukan permukaan rGO berubah menjadi lebih kusut daripada permukaan GO yang disebabkan tipisnya permukaan rGO. Ketipisan rGO ini disebabkan oleh penyusutan kadar oksigen dan pemulihan ikatan karbon sp2
Efektivitas Karbon Aktif dari Limbah Tongkol Jagung (Zea mays) dengan Variasi Aktivator Asam Klorida dalam Penyerapan Logam Besi pada Air Gambut
Authors: Wahyuni Dwiria , Harmawanda Salsabila , Nurhanisa Mega , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Zulfian Zulfian , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah
Published: March 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai efektivitas karbon aktif dari limbah tongkol jagung (Zea mays) dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi aktivator asam klorida (HCl). Karbon aktif disintesis dari tongkol jagung pada temperatur 400°C dan diaktivasi menggunakan aktivator asam klorida. Variasi konsentrasi HCl yang digunakan yaitu 0,25 M, 0,5 M, 0,75 M, 1,0 M, 1,25 M, dan 1,5 M. Karbon aktif dikarakterisasi menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) untuk mengetahui citra pori yang terbentuk dan topografi permukaan karbon aktif. Karbon aktif digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk menyerap logam besi pada air gambut dengan waktu kontak 24, 48, dan 72 jam untuk mengetahui waktu kontak dan konsentrasi optimum aktivator asam klorida. Penyerapan yang optimum untuk menyerap logam besi pada proses adsorpsi yaitu pada konsentrasi 0,25 M dengan waktu kontak selama 48 jam menghasilkan efektivitas sebesar 99,66%. Sedangkan penyerapan terendah dalam menyerap logam besi yaitu pada konsentrasi 1,5 M dengan waktu kontak selama 72 jam dengan hasil efektivitas sebesar 90,68%.
Application of Pyramidal Decomposition to Improve Digital Radiography Image Quality
Authors: Setiawan Rudi , Susilo Susilo
Published: March 2024

As an effort to create innovation in the world of radiography, it is necessary to develop technology in software. This effort is to improve image quality by using pyramidal decomposition. This digital image decomposition is referred to as pyramid decomposition. The original image is decomposed into several frequency bands, repeatedly divided into high-pass components and low-pass components. The high-pass component is set aside while the low-pass image is subjected to subsequent division. This creates a kind of "3D" stack of image layers. Each layer is at a lower frequency and therefore fuzzier. This processing was pioneered by Philips Healthcare as UNIK (Unified Image Quality Enhancement), and by Agfa as MUSICA (Multi-Scale Image Contrast Amplification) with various innovations. The test image uses digital radiography images resulting from innovation from 14bit RAW digital conversion into JPG format. Image quality is calculated using Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR). The pyramidal decomposition application succeeded in improving the quality of digital radiography images with an average MSE reduction value of 0.018 and an average PSNR increase of 22.114 dB. Visually, there is a constant increase in contrast and detail, so it can be applied in the medical field.
Krisis Regenerasi Pada Kelompok Kesenian Kethoprak Pati (Kasus Pada 3 Kelompok Seni Kethoprak Di Kabupaten Pati Jawa Tengah)
Authors: Diani Yesika , Prasetyo Kuncoro Bayu
Published: March 2024

Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian tentang krisis regenerasi yang dialami oleh kelompok kesenian kethoprak di Kabupaten Pati. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga lokasi yang merupakan pusat kesenian kethoprak di Kabupaten Pati, yakni Desa Bakaran Kulon dan Desa Bakaran Wetan Kecamatan Juwana serta Desa Tanjungsari Kecamatan Jakenan. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui krisis yang dialami oleh kelompok kesenian kethoprak di Kabupaten Pati dan juga faktor penyebab terjadinya krisis tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni metode penelitian kualitatif dan konsep yang digunkan untuk analisis yakni konsep belajar kebudayaan sendiri yang dikemukakan oleh Koentjaraningrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa krisis regenerasi yang dialami kelompok kesenian Kethoprak di Kabupaten Pati terjadi pada bagian wayang dugangan (aktor), sinden dan niyaga sedangkan faktor penyebab terjadinya krisis regenerasi pada kelompok kesenian Kethoprak di Kabupaten Pati disebabkan oleh beberapa hal diantaranya yaitu, pendapatan yang tidak menjanjikan, intensitas pekerjaan yang cukup berat, sistem keanggotaan yang tidak mengikat, tidak dilakukannya kaderisasi, dan juga keengganan para pekerja kesenian Kethoprak untuk mewariskan keahlian kepada generasi penerus.
Penanaman Etika pada Peserta Didik Melalui Pembelajaran Sosiologi di MAN Kota Magelang
Authors: Husna Diana Amalia , Rochana Totok
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk: 1) Mengetahui bentuk-bentuk etika peserta didik. 2) Mengetahui cara penanaman etika pada peserta didik. 3) Mengetahui kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam penanaman etika pada peserta didik MAN Kota Magelang.Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif jenis deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) bentuk-bentuk etika yang ditanamkan pada peserta didik melalui pembelajaran Sosiologi yaitu menghormati dan menghargai orang lain, berpakaian yang sopan dan ucapan terima kasih. 2) cara penanaman etika pada peserta didik ada beberapa kategori yang dapat dilakukan oleh seorang guru, yaitu menanamkan pada saat Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar (KBM), ditanamkan setiap saat dikehidupan sehari-hari, dan menerapkan 5 S (Senyum, Salam, Sapa, Sopan dan Santun), yang mana telah dijadikan sebagai program sekolah yang ditujukan kepada seluruh warga sekolah. 3) kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam penanaman etika diantaranya adalah karakter dan sifat peserta didik yang beragam, selain itu masa kelas X adalah masa peralihan yang mana peserta didik masih dalam proses peralihan dari masa SMP ke masa SMA.
Implementasi Program Kerja Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kelurahan (LPMK) terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat di Kelurahan Taman Kota Madiun
Authors: Isyabillilah Exzax , Gustaman Fulia Aji
Published: March 2024

Pembentukan LPMK dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya berbagai potensi sumberdaya yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal sebagai upaya pembangunan sumberdaya manusia. Dengan adanya lembaga yang dapat digunakan dalam menampung aspirasi masyarakat pada lingkup terkecil yaitu Kelurahan, maka pembangunan sumberdaya manusia dapat dilakukan secara merata dan kesejahteraan masyarakat dapat terwujud. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: 1) mengetahui program kerja LPMK dalam upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Kelurahan Taman, Kota Madiun. 2) mengetahui implementasi pelaksanaan program dan fungsi LPMK sebagai upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Kelurahan Taman, Kota Madiun. 3) mengetahui efektivitas pelaksanaan program kerja LPMK terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat di Kelurahan Taman, Kota Madiun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian di Kelurahan Taman, Kecamatan Taman, Kota Madiun. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: 1) Program kerja yang telah dibuat dibagi menjadi tiga bidang yaitu bidang ekonomi dan pembangunan, bidang pendidikan pelatihan sosial masyarakat dan bidang sosial budaya, lingkungan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. 2) Implementasi dan pelaksanaan program dan fungsi LPMK dilaksanakan dengan melaksanakan pemberdayaan masyarakat namun dalam melaksanakan program kerja terdapat beberapa kendala yang dialami. 3) efektivitas pelaksanaan program kerja LPMK kurang dapat dilaksanakan secara optimal karena terdapat beberapa kendala yang dialami dan juga terdapat beberapa program kerja yang dirasakan kurang oleh masyarakat.
Peranan Orang Tua Anak Tunanetra Berdasarkan Status Sosial dalam Mengembangkan Potensi Anak
Authors: Cahyani Cincin Aprilia , Fajar Fajar
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi adanya anak yang dilahirkan setiap orang tua tidak semua dalam kondisi sempurna, terdapat anak yang dilahirkan memiliki keterbatasan disebut sebagai anak berkebutuhan khusus, seperti anak tunanetra. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mengetahui latar belakang status sosial orang tua anak tunanetra, (2) mengetahui peranan orang tua dalam mengembangkan potensi anak tunanetra. Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode Penelitian Kualitatif (Studi Kasus). Lokasi penelitian berada di SLB Negeri Sragen, Kabupaten Sragen, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumplan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian ini berjumlah 14 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Orang tua anak tunanetra di SD SLB Negeri Sragen ada 3 orang tua yaitu orang tua berlatar belakang status sosial tinggi, menengah, dan rendah. Latar belakang orang tua anak tunanetra ditentukan berdasarkan pada indikator tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan pendapatan. (2) Peranan orang tua dapat dilihat pada peranan yang dijalankan orang tua di rumah, sekolah, dan masyarakat. Peranan yang dilakukan orang tua dapat mengarahkan anak tunanetra dalam mengembangkan potensi yang dimiliki.
Kajian Fenomenologi Dan Karakteristik Batik Pewarna Alam Pesisir Pada Batik Zie Kampung Malon Kota Semarang
Authors: Kurniawati Dwi Wahyuni , Imawati Rizka Alfiana , Wicaksono Harto
Published: March 2024

Sebagai produk kebudayaan tradisi, sesungguhnya dalam membuat batik, pewarna yang melekat dalam estetika batik adalah pewarna alam. Hal tersebut berkaitan dengan makna filosofis pada kehadiran warna alam yang ditampilkan. Namun saat ini nampaknya paradigma masyarakat terkait dengan pewarna alam justru terbalik. Secara umum, masyarakat akan memahami bahwa teknik pewarnaan batik lazim dengan menggunakan pewarna sintetis. Perajin batik di Desa Malon, Gunungpati Kabupaten Semarang mengembalikan kembali tradisi pewarnaan batik dengan menggunakan pewarna alam. Berdasarkan pada uaraian tersebut, dapat dirumuskan masalah sebagai berikut: (1) Faktor apa saja yang berpengaruh terhadap fenomena kehadiran batik pewarna alam pada batik Zie di Desa Malon, Kec. Gunungpati Kabupaten Semarang? (2) Bagaimana karakteristik batik pewarna alam pada batik Zie di Desa Malon, Kec. Gunungpati Kabupaten Semarang? Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Subjek penelitian yaitu Batik Zie sebagai perajin batik pewarna alam di Desa Malom, Kec. Gunungpati, Kota Semarang. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Fenomena keberadaan batik Zie Semarang karena terdapat faktor pendukung yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor pembentuk internal mencakupi (1) kultur kebudayaan Jawa (Yogyakarta) yang hadir dalam kehidupan pendiri Zie Batik; (2) kondisi mental pemilik Zie batik yang terbentuk atas dasar falsafah kebudayaan Jawa seperti karakter sabar, ulet, titi dan narima; (3) minat dan motivasi pendiri Zie Batik yang tinggi terhadap dunia kesenian yang terbentuk dari kecil hingga pengalaman bergelut di dunia kerja. Adapun faktor pembentuk eksternal meliputi (1) Situasi dan kondisi arena pasar persaingan produksi batik berdasarkan hostoris pengalaman hidup pendiri Zie Batik dan dinamika perjalanan batik Semarang; (2) Misi pelestarian alam (konservasi) sebagai strategi memberikan nilai beda (branding produk) batik yang diproduksi dibandingkan dengan batik Semarang lain yang ada; (3) Kondisi geografis, lingkungan alam dan lingkungan masyarakt yang mendukung; (4) Strategi segmen pasar khusus yang menjanjikan. Selain itu hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa motif batik Zie batik telah mencapai nilai estetis yang baik, baik dilihat dari sisi nilai estetis internal maupun nilai estetis eksternal.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu tentang Diare dan Pola Asuh Ibu dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Rejo
Authors: Dewi Elma Kartika , Emilia Esi , Juliarti Juliarti , Mutiara Erli , Harahap Novita Sari , Marhamah Marhamah
Published: March 2024

Diarrhea is a health problem in Indonesia that can cause death in toddlers. Weak immune system causes toddlers attacked by diarrhea easily. Factors affecting diarrhea in toddlers are mother’s knowledge, parenting and environmental sanitation. This study aimed to determine the correlation between mother's knowledge of diarrhea and parenting with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. The design of this study used Cross sectional with 36 subjects of toddlers affected by diarrhea. The results were analyzed using Rank spearman correlation test and multiple linear regression test. There is a negative and significant correlation between mother’s knowledge of diarrhea and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers, means that the lower mother's knowledge of diarrhea, the higher the incidence rate of diarrhea (Rs = -0.47). There is a negative and significant correlation between mother’s parenting and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers, means that the lower mother’s parenting, the higher the incidence of diarrhea (Rs = -0.647). There is a negative and significant correlation between mother’s knowledge about diarrhea and parenting with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers (Y = 4.009 – 0.114x1-0.056x2), means that the lower mother's knowledge of diarrhea and parenting, the higher the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers.
Edukasi Gizi Seimbang dengan Media Video terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Putri
Authors: Hidayah Nabila Meliasari , Mintarsih Sri Noor , Ambarwati Ria
Published: March 2024

Lack of knowledge and attitudes about balanced nutrition in adolescent girls can cause nutritional problems such as Chronic Energy Deficiency, anemia, obesity, overnutrition. One of the efforts to increase knowledge and attitudes is through nutrition education with video media. Video media is expected to be able to stimulate the senses of hearing and sight during the process of delivering educational materials. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of balanced nutrition education with videos on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls. The design of this study was quasi-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The number of samples as many as 24 people who were selected by purposive sampling. The intervention provided education about balanced nutrition with video media. Knowledge and attitude data based on scores obtained through Google Form. Data analysis using Paired T test. The results showed that the average knowledge score increased by 16.04 and the attitude score increased by 4.42. There was a difference in the score of knowledge (p=0.0001) and attitude (p=0.001) before and after the intervention in adolescent girls.
HUBUNGAN PERSENTASE LEMAK TUBUH DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN KEBUGARAN WANITA 26-45 TAHUN
Authors: Pratiwi Adinda Qamara
Published: March 2024

Kebugaran mempengaruhi produktivitas dan daya tahan tubuh terhadap penyakit serta dapat menentukan kualitas hidup individu. Kebugaran dipengaruhi oleh persentase lemak tubuh dan aktivitas fisik. Persentase lemak tubuh berlebih mengakibatkan kegemukan dan penyaki jantung serta berdampak pada penurunan kebugaran. Aktiivtas fisik yang rendah akan berdampak  pada penurunan kebugaran. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan persentase lemak tubuh dan aktivitas fisik dengan kebugaran wanita usia 26-45 tahun. Desain penelitian adalah studi cross sectional. Populasi seluruh wanita usia 26-45 tahun di Kelurahan Bangun Rejo, Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Subjek terdiri dari 71 sampel yang dipilih dengan simple random sampling. Persentase lemak tubuh diketahui melalui alat Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Aktivitas fisik ditentukan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner 2x24 jam PAL (Physical Activity Level). Kebugaran ditentukan dengan uji Harvard Step Test. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Spearman untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya  hubungan antara masing-masing variabel. Hasil penelitian ini, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara persentase lemak tubuh dengan kebugaran (p = 0.005, r=-0,330)  tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kebugaran (p=0.439, r=0,093).
The Relationship between Physical Activity and The Level of Physical Fitness of Pencak Silat Athletes
Authors: Mubarak Jamil , Yudistira Sigit , Solechah Siti Aisyah , Norhasanah Norhasanah
Published: March 2024

This study analyzed the relationship between macronutrient intake, hydration status, physical activity, and the physical fitness level of Pencak silat athletes in Banjarbaru. This analytical observational study used a cross-sectional design involving 30 pencak silat athletes selected using a total sampling technique. The research instruments included questionnaires, 24-hour food recall forms, a self-urine examination (PURI), a physical activity questionnaire, and a 12-minute running test. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank test. The results of this study indicated that most athletes had protein, fat, and carbohydrate deficiencies, moderate hydration status, and very light physical activity levels. It can be concluded that macronutrient intake, namely protein (p=0.264), fat (p=0.643), carbohydrates (p=0.101), and hydration status (p=0.264), had no association with the physical fitness levels of pencak silat athletes, while physical activity (p =0.010) had an association with the physical fitness level of Pencak silat athletes. Athletes are recommended to continue to pay attention to macronutrient intake and hydration status as needed because they also play an essential role in fitness apart from physical activity.
MRI quantitative assessment of the effects of low-carbohydrate therapy on Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: Huang Xiao-Shan , Dai Ning , Xu Jian-Xia , Xiang Jun-Yi , Zheng Xiao-Zhong , Ke Tian-Yu , Ma Lin-Ying , Shi Qi-Hao , Fan Shu-Feng
Published: March 2024

Objective

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an inflammatory disease, and research suggests that a low-carbohydrate diet may have potential anti-inflammatory effects. This study aims to utilize Dixon-T2-weighted imaging (WI) sequence for a semi-quantitative assessment of the impact of a low-carbohydrate diet on the degree of thyroid inflammation in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Methods

Forty patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were recruited for this study and randomly divided into two groups: one with a normal diet and the other with a low-carbohydrate diet. Antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin (TgAb) were measured for all participants. Additionally, thyroid water content was semi-quantitatively measured using Dixon-T2WI. The same tests and measurements were repeated for all participants after 6 months.

Results

After 6 months of a low-carbohydrate diet, patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis showed a significant reduction in thyroid water content (94.84 ± 1.57% vs 93.07 ± 2.05%, P < 0.05). Concurrently, a decrease was observed in levels of TPOAb and TgAb (TPOAb: 211.30 (92.63–614.62) vs 89.45 (15.9–215.67); TgAb: 17.05 (1.47–81.64) vs 4.1 (0.51–19.42), P < 0.05). In contrast, there were no significant differences in thyroid water content or TPOAb and TgAb levels for patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis following a normal diet after 6 months (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Dixon-T2WI can quantitatively assess the degree of thyroid inflammation in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Following a low-carbohydrate diet intervention, there is a significant reduction in thyroid water content and a decrease in levels of TPOAb and TgAb. These results suggest that a low-carbohydrate diet may help alleviate inflammation in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Genetic disorders and insulinoma/glucagonoma
Authors: Marini Francesca , Giusti Francesca , Brandi Maria Luisa
Published: March 2024

Insulinoma and glucagonoma are two rare functioning neoplasms of the neuroendocrine cells of the pancreas, respectively, characterized by an uncontrolled over-secretion of insulin or glucagon, responsible for the development of the hypoglycemic syndrome and the glucagonoma syndrome. They prevalently arise as sporadic tumors; only about 10% of cases develop in the context of rare inherited tumor syndromes, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), being the result of an autosomal-dominant germline heterozygous loss-of-function mutation in a tumor-suppressor gene. Here, we reviewed the main epidemiological and clinical aspects of insulinoma and glucagonoma in the context of genetic syndromes.
Species-specific prediction model of wood moisture content based on electromagnetic wave propagation time
Authors: Wang Peng , Qin Ruixia , Guo Jiaxing , Wei Jiedong , Xu Huadong
Published: March 2024

Laboratory and field experiments were performed to examine the feasibility of using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) to monitor moisture content (MC) of wood and standing trees. The TDR was used to detect the electromagnetic wave propagation time of four tree species (Betula platyphylla, Tilia tuan, Picea asperata, and Fraxinus mandshurica) at different MCs. During the TDR test, effects of probe insertion depths on MC predictive accuracy were considered. The best results were obtained at an insertion depth of 8 cm. At the selective 8 cm insertion depth, a species-specific MC prediction model (0.94 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.98), a generalized model for the four species (R2 = 0.65), and a hybrid model for the species with similar densities (0.80 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.96) were constructed, respectively. Overall, the species-specific MC prediction model showed good predictive ability for both tree and wood disc samples, including that TDR can be used to detect wood and standing tree MC. If possible, the hybrid model can be used for species with similar density.
Surface Studies of Fibre-Water Systems by Gas Chromatography
Authors:   Pulp & Paper Research Institute of Canada, Gray D. G.
Published: March 2024

The surface and interfacial properties of fibres and paper are important in the production and end-use of paper and board, and much attention has been paid to the nature of the interface between water-swollen cellulose fibres and the aqueous suspension medium. Much less attention has been paid to the equally important interface between fibres containing water and the atmosphere. The properties of this interface must range from those characteristic of a dry fibre to those of pure water, corresponding to water contents ranging from a fraction of a monolayer up to the fibre saturation value.