bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Pengumpulan Dana Zis Melalui Sistem Berbayar Nontunai QRIS Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Donatur Di Baznas Provinsi Bali
Authors: Muhamad Arief Nugraha  , Kurniawati Kurniawati
Published: September 2023

Sebagai langkah untuk mengoptimalisasi pengumpulan dana ZIS, dibutuhkan sebuah strategi untuk mempermudah donatur dalam menyalurkan dana zakat, infaq, dan sodaqoh. Sebagai sistem pembayaran nontunai yang praktis, Qris dijadikan media pengumpulan dana ZIS oleh BAZNAS Provinsi Bali dalam upaya meningkatkan minat para donatur. Fokus penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimanakah strategi pengumpulan dana ZIS melalui sistem berbayar nontunai Qris dalam meningkatkan minat donatur di BAZNAS Provinsi Bali? (2) Bagaimanakah sistem berbayar nontunai Qris mendukung strategi pengumpulan dana ZIS di BAZNAS Provinsi Bali? (3) Bagaimanakah cara menyelesaikan faktor penghambat dari pengumpulan dana ZIS melalui sistem berbayar nontunai Qris di BAZNAS Provinsi Bali? Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mengetahui strategi pengumpulan dana ZIS melalui sistem berbayar nontunai Qris dalam meningkatkan minat donatur di BAZNAS Provinsi Bali, (2) Untuk mengetahui Qris menjadi pendukung strategi pengumpulan dana ZIS di BAZNAS Provinsi Bali, (3) Untuk mengetahui penyelesaian dari faktor penghambat strategi pengumpulan dana ZIS melalui Qris. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Informan akan dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive. Pengumpulan data yang diperoleh berdasarkan fakta dan data dilapangan. Sumber data ialah sumber data primer dan sekunder melalui teknik pengumpulan data: (1) Observasi, (2) Wawancara, dan (3) Dokumentasi. Untuk menguju validitas keabsahan data: (1) Kekuatan pengamatan, (2) Triangulasi dan, (3) Referensi.  Untuk teknik analisa data meliputi: (1) Reduksi data, (2) Penyajian data dan, (3) Simpulan atau verifikasi.. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah BAZNAS Provinsi Bali dalam menyebarkan Qr Code Qris melalui media offline milik mereka yaitu: Majalah dan brosur. Adapun yang melalui media online mereka lakukan pada: (1) Broadcast Whatsapp; (2) Instagram; (3) dan juga Facebook. Upaya BAZNAS Provinsi Bali dalam meningkatkan minat donatur yaitu dengan cara: (1) Membuat donatur nyaman dengan mendoakan mereka setelah berdonasi; (2) Membangun kepercayaan mereka melalui label BAZNAS sebagai lembaga pemerintah dan melakukan publikasi terhadap pelaporan keuangan mereka. Penulis berharap dengan adanya penelitian ini nantinya bisa menambah pustaka dan sarana pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan.
Strategi Komunikasi Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Muzakki Berzakat Di Kota Denpasar
Authors: Ria Kristiana  , Kusjuniati Kusjuniati  , Iswahyuni Iswahyuni
Published: September 2023

Dalam memperkenalkan zakat kepada masyarakat, dibutuhkan peran strategi komunikasi guna menginformasikan dan menjadi media penarik partisipasi muzakki membayar zakat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui 1) strategi komunikasi Baznas dalam meningkatkan partisipasi muzakki berzakat di Kota Denpasar, 2) faktor apa saja yang menjadi pendukung dan penghambat strategi komunikasi Baznas dalam meningkatkan partisipasi muzakki berzakat di Kota Denpasar. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif . Informan terdiri dari 12 orang yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan simpulan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh: 1) Strategi komunikasi Baznas Kota Denpasar dalam pengenalan muzakki melalui segmentasi pasar, pemilihan media komunikasi menggunakan media sosisal, cetak, dan elektronik, pengkajian tujuan pesan, menggunakan teknik informatif, persuasif, dan edukasi, peran komunikator dalam komunikasi menggunakan pengalaman, tingkat seonioritas, dan kelembagaan. 2) Faktor pendukung strategi komunikasi adalah media sosial dan keahlian komunikasi Manager Operasional dan yang menjadi faktor penghambat disebabkan kurangnya sumber daya manusia, keahlian design tenaga kerja, minimnya biaya operasional, kurangnya UPZ-UPZ, serta kurang tepat dan menariknya media komunikasi Baznas Kota Denpasar.
Strategi Pemasaran Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Menabung Pada Tabungan Wadiah Di Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) Cabang Denpasar
Authors: Riyantari Agustin  , Kurniawati Kurniawati  , Iswahyuni Iswahyuni
Published: September 2023

Produk Tabungan Wadiah merupakan sebuah produk dari Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) Cabang Denpasar. Dengan segala fasilitas serta jaminan keamanan yang baik nampaknya belum banyak menarik perhatian nasabah untuk menabung. Maka dari itu perlu adanya strategi pemasaran guna meningkatkan minat menabung pada tabungan wadiah. Fokus penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimana strategi pemasaran yang di gunakan dalam meningkatkan minat menabung pada tabungan wadiah di Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) Cabang Denpasar? (2) Bagaimana hasil dari adanya strategi pemasaran dalalm meningkatkan minat menabung pada tabungan wadiah di Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) Cabang Denpasar? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mengetahui Bagaimana strategi pemasaran yang di gunakan dalam meningkatkan minat menabung pada tabungan wadiah di Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) Cabang Denpasar. (2)Untuk mengetahui bagaimana hasil dari adanya strategi pemasaran dalalm meningkatkan minat menabung pada tabungan wadiah di Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) Cabang Denpasar. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Informan terdiri dari 12 informan yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive. Teknik Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan simpulan/verifikasi. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Bank Syariah Mandiri Menggunakan Strategi Pemasaran 4P (Produk (product), Harga (price), Tempat(place), Promosi (promotion), (2) Hasil dari adanya Strategi Pemasaran  yang dilakukan BSM maka akan menimbulkan aspek-aspek yang terdapat dalam minat   beli. setelah memenuhi aspek tersebut maka calon nasabah akan membeli produk tersebut dan menggunakannya yaitu produk tabungan wadiah.
IMPLEMENTASI MERGER DALAM MENARIK MINAT NASABAH DI BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA KANTOR CABANG DENPASAR GATOT SUBROTO
Authors: Alfia  , Sahrial
Published: September 2023

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi merger dalam menarik minat nasabah, untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi pemasaran BSI Kantor Cabang Denpasar dalam menarik minat nasabah. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan triangulasi dalam pengujian kredibilitas sebagai pengecekan data dari berbagai sumber dengan berbagai cara dan berbagai waktu. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan Bank Syariah Indonesia Cabang Denpasar dan nasabah BSI dengan menggunakan teknik purposive. Serta pengumpulan data berupa: Wawancara dan Dokumentasi. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan adanya keterminatan nasabah walaupun dengan adanya merger.
Vores handling i morgen skal være anderledes fra vores handlinger i går
Authors: Christiansen Peter , Vestergaard Bjarke
Published: September 2023

FN’s Verdensmål for bæredygtig udvikling er en global vision for fremtiden. Målene bruges som løftestang for danske NGO’er til at italesætte globale udfordringer, til at arbejde for politiske reformer, til at række ud til nye samarbejdspartnere, til at se indad og til at arbejde for livsvigtig finansiering af en bæredygtig udvikling.
Verdensmålene – 17 mål og 240 indikatorer, der skal måles på
Authors: Ploug Niels
Published: September 2023

Verdensmålene er en udfordring for alle og en særlig udfordring for alverdens statistikbureauer. Der skal nemlig følges op på målene – med tal – og på 169 delmål, der løbende skal fortælle, hvordan det går med målopfyldelsen. I denne artikel gives der en række eksempler på den danske måling af opfyldelsen af Verdensmålene.
Effect of Foot Reflexology on Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence
Authors: Deenadayalan Boopalan , Venugopal Vijayakumar , Poornima Ravi , Kannan Vanamoorthy Mahesh , Akila Anandhan , Yogapriya Chidambaram , Maheshkumar Kuppusamy
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:

Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) commonly experience fatigue, discomfort, sleep problems, anxiety, and reduced quality of life. Studies have shown that foot reflexology can help relieve these symptoms. The objective of this current study is to systematically review the effects of foot reflexology on patients with MS.

METHODS:

We conducted a systematic review of published literature in many databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, from January 1, 2000, to January 27, 2022. With language restrictions, we included randomized controlled trials of foot reflexology interventions for MS that had any clinical or psychological symptom measurements as outcomes. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to assess evidence quality. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts. Potential eligible articles were retrieved for full-text review. A third author checked for excluded records. All discrepancies were resolved through a discussion among the 4 reviewing authors.

RESULTS:

A total of 154 studies were identified; 9 studies with 545 MS patients were included in this review. The most frequently reported findings of foot reflexology intervention in individuals with MS were reductions in fatigue, pain, muscle spasms, stiffness, and psychological symptoms and improvement in bowel and bladder functions and quality of life.

CONCLUSIONS:

The findings suggest that foot reflexology could be a safe and effective modality to reduce the physical and psychological symptoms and also improve the quality of life for individuals with MS; however, well-designed, large-scale trials are required to confirm the effect.
Calculation of nucleon scattering on 40Ca based on dispersive optical model
Authors: Zhao Xiu-Niao , Du Wen-Qing ,   College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
Published: September 2023

Spherical nucleus 40Ca is important structural and alloy material nucleus. Based on important theoretical value and application prospect of nuclear data of calcium isotopes, nucleon-nucleus scattering data on 40Ca nucleus, the main isotopes of natural calcium, are calculated by using dispersive optical model (DOM). The dispersive optical model potential is defined by energy-dependent real potentials, imaginary potentials, and also by the corresponding dispersive contributions to the real potential which are calculated analytically from the corresponding imaginary potentials by using a dispersion relation that follow from the requirement of causality. By fit simultaneously scattering experimental data for neutron and proton, an isospin-dependent dispersive optical model potential containing a dispersive term is derived. This derived potential in this work considers the nonlocality in the real “Hartree-Fock” potential \begin{document}$ V_{\rm{HF}} $\end{document} and introduces the shell gap in the definition of nuclear imaginary volume, surface and spin-orbit potentials near the Fermi energy. This dispersive optical model potential shows a good description of nucleon-nucleus scattering data on 40Ca nucleus up to 200 MeV including neutron total cross sections, neutron elastic scattering angular distributions, proton elastic scattering angular distributions, neutron analyzing powers and proton analyzing powers. In addition, the energy dependencies of calculated real volume integrals of dispersive optical model potential is shown, and a typical dispersive hump is seen around the Fermi energy. This dispersive hump behavior naturally obtained from dispersion relations, and allows the dispersion optical potential to get rid of energy dependent geometry, thus avoiding the use of a radius dependent on energy.
Phase transitions driven by topological excitations and their tensor network approach
Authors: Song Feng-Feng , Zhang Guang-Ming ,   Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Published: September 2023

The fundamental concepts of phases of matter and thermal phase transitions constitute the cornerstone of our understanding of the physical universe. The historical development of the phase transition theory from Landau’s spontaneous symmetry breaking paradigm to modern topological phase transition theories represents a major milestone in the evolution of numerous scientific disciplines. From the perspective of emergent philosophy, the interplay of topological excitations leads to enriched physical phenomena. One prominent prototype is the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) phase transition, where unbinding of integer vortices occurs in the absence of spontaneous breaking of continuous U(1) symmetry. Using the state-of-the-art tensor network methods, we express the partition function of the two-dimensional XY-related system in terms of a product of one-dimensional transfer operators. From the singularities of the entanglement entropy of the one-dimensional transfer operator, we accurately determine the complete phase diagram of the partition function. This method provides new insights into the emergent phenomenon driven by topological excitations, and sheds new light on future studies of 2D systems with continuous symmetries.
Lunar glass
Authors: Zhao Rui , Shen Lai-Quan , Chang Chao , Bai Hai-Yang , Wang Wei-Hua ,   Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
Published: September 2023

Lunar glass, a significant component of lunar soil, is produced by non-equilibrium processes on the moon, such as volcanic eruptions, meteorite impacts, solar wind, and cosmic radiation. Lunar glass of different origins has ability to record historical information of the formation and evolution of the moon. This article presents a comprehensive review of the research progress of lunar glasses found within the CE-5 lunar soil. Delving into their fundamental physical properties and microstructure, we explore the specific mechanisms behind the formation of lunar glasses. Furthermore, this article focuses on the various roles that lunar glasses play in studies of lunar evolution, such as acting as a “natural camera” that captures the moon's internal and surface changes over different epochs, encompassing lunar origin, magma activity, impact events, space weathering, and the origin of water. The ultra-stable lunar glass with disordered atomic structure can sustainably preserve lunar resources. It is estimated that lunar glasses have reserved approximately 260000 tons of 3He, and 27 billion tons of water. Moreover, lunar glasses serve as an invaluable lunar chronometer, providing a reliable temporal framework to data volcanic activity and impact events. This temporal framework, in turn, serves as a vital tool for investigating the evolution of lunar water, magnetic fields and reconstructing the extensive billion-year history of lunar impacts.
Calcaneus as a Rare Location of Solitary Osteochondromas: Two Case Reports
Authors: Kaya Onur , Gok Murat , Mirioglu Akif , Yeldir Nese
Published: September 2023

Osteochondromas are the most common benign bone tumors, with an incidence of 36% to 41% among benign bone tumors. They can be caused by genetics, trauma, and growth defects. The incidence of all osteochondromas in the hands and feet is approximately 10%, and they are extremely rare in the calcaneus. They generally arise from the metaphysis and metaphyseal-diaphyseal region of the long bones. Osteochondromas, which are generally painless, are noted with signs of inflammation in the bursa, vascular and nerve compression, pain caused by joint deterioration, swelling in the subcutaneous tissue, or gait disturbance. The incidence of malignant transformation of solitary osteochondromas is 1%. We present two cases, an 11-year-old male patient and a 32-year-old male patient, diagnosed with osteochondroma in the calcaneus.
Evidence of Autoimmune Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Charcot Neuroarthropathy: A Novel Hypothesis with Preliminary Data
Authors: Verdin Craig J. , Botek Georgeanne G. , Owings Tammy M. , Kingsley James D
Published: September 2023

Charcot neuroarthropathy is a devastating condition that places patients at risk for poor outcomes. Although the condition was first described in 1703, knowledge of the causative agent(s) has yet to be fully understood. Recent advances in genetic research have helped to identify potential mechanisms and pathways for the enigmatic destruction and deformities that are often associated with the condition; however, alternative pathways have been proposed. For the purpose of this discussion, we will discuss the human leukocyte antigen, which is one of the most researched contributors to autoimmune pathology and, more recently, has been linked to diabetic complications.
Continuous sensing of nutrients and growth factors by the mTORC1-TFEB axis
Authors: Sparta Breanne , Kosaisawe Nont , Pargett Michael , Patankar Madhura , DeCuzzi Nicholaus , Albeck John G
Published: September 2023

mTORC1 senses nutrients and growth factors and phosphorylates downstream targets, including the transcription factor TFEB, to coordinate metabolic supply and demand. These functions position mTORC1 as a central controller of cellular homeostasis, but the behavior of this system in individual cells has not been well characterized. Here, we provide measurements necessary to refine quantitative models for mTORC1 as a metabolic controller. We developed a series of fluorescent protein-TFEB fusions and a multiplexed immunofluorescence approach to investigate how combinations of stimuli jointly regulate mTORC1 signaling at the single-cell level. Live imaging of individual MCF10A cells confirmed that mTORC1-TFEB signaling responds continuously to individual, sequential, or simultaneous treatment with amino acids and the growth factor insulin. Under physiologically relevant concentrations of amino acids, we observe correlated fluctuations in TFEB, AMPK, and AKT signaling that indicate continuous activity adjustments to nutrient availability. Using partial least squares regression modeling, we show that these continuous gradations are connected to protein synthesis rate via a distributed network of mTORC1 effectors, providing quantitative support for the qualitative model of mTORC1 as a homeostatic controller and clarifying its functional behavior within individual cells.
Molecular consequences of peripheral Influenza A infection on cell populations in the murine hypothalamus
Authors: Lemcke René , Egebjerg Christine , Berendtsen Nicolai T , Egerod Kristoffer L , Thomsen Allan R , Pers Tune H , Christensen Jan P , Kornum Birgitte R
Published: September 2023

Infection with Influenza A virus (IAV) causes the well-known symptoms of the flu, including fever, loss of appetite, and excessive sleepiness. These responses, mediated by the brain, will normally disappear once the virus is cleared from the system, but a severe respiratory virus infection may cause long-lasting neurological disturbances. These include encephalitis lethargica and narcolepsy. The mechanisms behind such long lasting changes are unknown. The hypothalamus is a central regulator of the homeostatic response during a viral challenge. To gain insight into the neuronal and non-neuronal molecular changes during an IAV infection, we intranasally infected mice with an H1N1 virus and extracted the brain at different time points. Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of the hypothalamus, we identify transcriptional effects in all identified cell populations. The snRNA-seq data showed the most pronounced transcriptional response at 3 days past infection, with a strong downregulation of genes across all cell types. General immune processes were mainly impacted in microglia, the brain resident immune cells, where we found increased numbers of cells expressing pro-inflammatory gene networks. In addition, we found that most neuronal cell populations downregulated genes contributing to the energy homeostasis in mitochondria and protein translation in the cytosol, indicating potential reduced cellular and neuronal activity. This might be a preventive mechanism in neuronal cells to avoid intracellular viral replication and attack by phagocytosing cells. The change of microglia gene activity suggest that this is complemented by a shift in microglia activity to provide increased surveillance of their surroundings.
Molecular classification and tumor microenvironment characteristics in pheochromocytomas
Authors: Qin Sen , Xu Yawei , Yu Shimiao , Han Wencong , Fan Shiheng , Ai Wenxiang , Zhang Kenan , Wang Yizhou , Zhou Xuehong , Shen Qi , Gong Kan , Sun Luyang , Zhang Zheng
Published: September 2023

Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that originate from chromaffin cells in the adrenal gland. However, the cellular molecular characteristics and immune microenvironment of PCCs are incompletely understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on 16 tissues from 4 sporadic unclassified PCC patients and 1 hereditary PCC patient with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome. We found that intra-tumoral heterogeneity was less extensive than the inter-individual heterogeneity of PCCs. Further, the unclassified PCC patients were divided into two types, metabolism-type (marked by NDUFA4L2 and COX4I2) and kinase-type (marked by RET and PNMT), validated by immunohistochemical staining. Trajectory analysis of tumor evolution revealed that metabolism-type PCC cells display phenotype of consistently active metabolism and increased metastasis potential, while kinase-type PCC cells showed decreased epinephrine synthesis and neuron-like phenotypes. Cell-cell communication analysis showed activation of the annexin pathway and a strong inflammation reaction in metabolism-type PCCs and activation of FGF signaling in the kinase-type PCC. Although multispectral immunofluorescence staining showed a lack of CD8+ T cell infiltration in both metabolism-type and kinase-type PCCs, only the kinase-type PCC exhibited downregulation of HLA-I molecules that possibly regulated by RET, suggesting the potential of combined therapy with kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy for kinase-type PCCs; in contrast, the application of immunotherapy to metabolism-type PCCs (with antigen presentation ability) is likely unsuitable. Our study presents a single-cell transcriptomics-based molecular classification and microenvironment characterization of PCCs, providing clues for potential therapeutic strategies to treat PCCs.
H1 restricts euchromatin-associated methylation pathways from heterochromatic encroachment
Authors: Harris C. Jake , Zhong Zhenhui , Ichino Lucia , Feng Suhua , Jacobsen Steven E.
Published: September 2023

Silencing pathways prevent transposable element (TE) proliferation and help to maintain genome integrity through cell division. Silenced genomic regions can be classified as either euchromatic or heterochromatic, and are targeted by genetically separable epigenetic pathways. In plants, the RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway targets mostly euchromatic regions, while CMT methyltransferases are mainly associated with heterochromatin. However, many epigenetic features - including DNA methylation patterning - are largely indistinguishable between these regions, so how the functional separation is maintained is unclear. The linker histone H1 is preferentially localized to heterochromatin and has been proposed to restrict RdDM from encroachment. To test this hypothesis, we followed RdDM genomic localization in an
h1
mutant by performing ChIP-seq on the largest subunit, NRPE1, of the central RdDM polymerase (Pol V). Loss of H1 resulted in heterochromatic TE enrichment by NRPE1. Increased NRPE1 binding was associated with increased chromatin accessibility in
h1
, suggesting that H1 restricts NRPE1 occupancy by compacting chromatin. However, RdDM occupancy did not impact H1 localization, demonstrating that H1 hierarchically restricts RdDM positioning. H1 mutants experience major symmetric (CG and CHG) DNA methylation gains, and by generating an
h1/nrpe1
double mutant, we demonstrate these gains are largely independent of RdDM. However, loss of NRPE1 occupancy from a subset of euchromatic regions in
h1
corresponded to loss of methylation in all sequence contexts, while at ectopically bound heterochromatic loci, NRPE1 deposition correlated with increased methylation specifically in the CHH context. Additionally, we found that H1 restricts the occupancy of the methylation reader and activator complex component, SUVH1, indicating that H1’s regulatory control of methylation pathways is not limited to RdDM. Together, the results support a model whereby H1 helps maintain the exclusivity of heterochromatin by preventing encroachment from other competing pathways.
Septin 7 Interacts With Numb To Preserve Sarcomere Structural Organization And Muscle Contractile Function
Authors: De Gasperi Rita , Csernoch Laszlo , Dienes Beatrix , Gonczi Monika , Chakrabarty Jayanta K. , Goeta Shahar , Aslan Abdurrahman , Toro Carlos A. , Karasik David , Brown Lewis M. , Brotto Marco , Cardozo Christopher P.
Published: September 2023

Here, we investigated mechanisms by which aging-related diminished levels of Numb in skeletal muscle fibers contribute to loss of muscle strength and power, two critical features of sarcopenia. Numb is an adaptor protein best known for its critical roles in development including asymmetric cell division, cell-type specification and termination of intracellular signaling. Numb expression is reduced in old humans and mice. We previously showed that, in skeletal muscle fibers, Numb is localized to sarcomeres where it is concentrated near triads. Conditional inactivation of Numb in myofibers causes weakness, disorganization of sarcomeres and smaller mitochondria with impaired function. Proteomics analysis of protein complexes isolated from C2C12 myotubes by immunoprecipitation using antibodies against Numb indicated that Septin 7 is a potential Numb binding partner. Septin 7 is a member of the family of GTP-binding proteins that organize into filaments, sheets and rings, and is considered part of the cytoskeleton. Immunofluorescence evaluation revealed a partial overlap of staining for Numb and Septin 7 in myofibers. Conditional, inducible knockouts of Numb led to disorganization of Septin 7 staining in myofibers. These findings support the conclusion that Septin 7 is a Numb binding partner. Because prior reports showed that conditional inactivation of Septin 7 in skeletal muscle led to weakness and disorganization of sarcomeres, and altered mitochondrial size, we also conclude that interactions between Numb and Septin 7 are critical for proper structural organization of the sarcomere, for optimal muscle contractile function, and for control of the size and function of mitochondria.
Inhibition of the Notch signal transducer CSL by Pkc53E-mediated phosphorylation to fend off parasitic immune challenge in Drosophila
Authors: Deichsel Sebastian , Frankenreiter Lisa , Fechner Johannes , Gahr Bernd M , Zimmermann Mirjam , Mastel Helena , Preis Irina , Preiss Anette , Nagel Anja C
Published: September 2023

Notch signalling activity regulates hematopoiesis in Drosophila and vertebrates alike. Parasitoid wasp infestation of Drosophila larvae, however, requires a timely downregulation of Notch activity to allow the formation of encapsulation-active blood cells. Here, we show that the Drosophila CSL transcription factor Suppressor of Hairless [Su(H)] is phosphorylated at Serine 269 in response to parasitoid wasp infestation. As this phosphorylation interferes with the DNA binding of Su(H), it reversibly precludes its activity. Accordingly, phospho-deficient Su(H)S269A mutants are immune-compromised. A screen for kinases involved in Su(H) phosphorylation identified Pkc53E, required for normal hematopoiesis as well as for parasitoid immune response. Genetic and molecular interactions support the specificity of the Su(H)-Pkc53E relationship. Moreover, phorbol ester treatment inhibits Su(H) activity in vivo and in human cell culture. We conclude that Pkc53E targets Su(H) during parasitic wasp infestation, thereby remodelling the blood cell population required for wasp egg encapsulation.
C9orf72 polyPR directly binds to various nuclear transport components
Authors: Jafarinia Hamidreza , van der Giessen Erik , Onck Patrick R
Published: September 2023

The disruption of nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) is an important mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases. In the case of C9orf72-ALS, trafficking of macromolecules through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) might get frustrated by the binding of C9orf72-translated arginine-containing dipeptide repeat proteins (R-DPRs) to the Kapβ family of nuclear transport receptors. Besides Kapβs, several other types of transport components have been linked to NCT impairments in R-DPR-expressed cells, but the molecular origin of these observations has not been clarified. Here, we adopt a coarse-grained molecular dynamics model at amino acid resolution to study the direct interaction between polyPR, the most toxic DPR, and various nuclear transport components to elucidate the binding mechanisms and provide a complete picture of potential polyPR-mediated NCT defects. We found polyPR to directly bind to several isoforms of the Impα family, CAS (the specific exporter of Impα) and RanGAP. We observe no binding between polyPR and Ran. Longer polyPRs at lower salt concentrations also make contact with RanGEF and NTF2. Analyzing the polyPR contact sites on the transport components reveals that polyPR potentially interferes with RanGTP/RanGDP binding, with nuclear localization signal (NLS)-containing cargoes (cargo-NLS) binding to Impα, with cargo-NLS release from Impα, and with Impα export from the nucleus. The abundance of polyPR-binding sites on multiple transport components combined with the inherent polyPR length dependence makes direct polyPR interference of NCT a potential mechanistic pathway of C9orf72 toxicity.
Attention modulates human visual responses to objects by tuning sharpening
Authors: Doostani Narges , Hossein-Zadeh Gholam-Ali , Cichy Radoslaw M , Vaziri-Pashkam Maryam
Published: September 2023

Visual stimuli compete with each other for cortical processing and attention biases this competition in favor of the attended stimulus. How does the relationship between the stimuli affect the strength of this attentional bias? Here, we used functional MRI to explore the effect of target-distractor similarity in neural representation on attentional modulation in the human visual cortex using univariate and multivariate pattern analyses. Using stimuli from four object categories (human bodies, cats, cars, and houses), we investigated attentional effects in the primary visual area V1, the object-selective regions LO and pFs, the body-selective region EBA, and the scene-selective region PPA. We demonstrated that the strength of the attentional bias toward the target is not fixed but decreases with increasing target-distractor similarity. Simulations provided evidence that this result pattern is explained by tuning sharpening rather than an increase in gain. Our findings provide a mechanistic explanation for the behavioral effects of target-distractor similarity on attentional biases and suggest tuning sharpening as the underlying mechanism in object-based attention.
Asymmetric distribution of color-opponent response types across mouse visual cortex supports superior color vision in the sky
Authors: Franke Katrin , Cai Chenchen , Ponder Kayla , Fu Jiakun , Sokoloski Sacha , Berens Philipp , Tolias Andreas Savas
Published: September 2023

Color is an important visual feature that informs behavior, and the retinal basis for color vision has been studied across various vertebrate species. While many studies have investigated how color information is processed in visual brain areas of primate species, we have limited understanding of how it is organized beyond the retina in other species, including most dichromatic mammals. In this study, we systematically characterized how color is represented in the primary visual cortex (V1) of mice. Using large-scale neuronal recordings and a luminance and color noise stimulus, we found that more than a third of neurons in mouse V1 are color-opponent in their receptive field center, while the receptive field surround predominantly captures luminance contrast. Furthermore, we found that color-opponency is especially pronounced in posterior V1 that encodes the sky, matching the statistics of natural scenes experienced by mice. Using unsupervised clustering, we demonstrate that the asymmetry in color representations across cortex can be explained by an uneven distribution of green-On/UV-Off color-opponent response types that are represented in the upper visual field. Finally, a simple model with natural scene-inspired parametric stimuli shows that green-On/UV-Off color-opponent response types may enhance the detection of ‘predatory’-like dark UV-objects in noisy daylight scenes. The results from this study highlight the relevance of color processing in the mouse visual system and contribute to our understanding of how color information is organized in the visual hierarchy across species.
Oxygen isotopes in orangutan teeth reveal recent and ancient climate variation
Authors: Smith Tanya M. , Arora Manish , Austin Christine , Ávila Janaína N. , Duval Mathieu , Lim Tze Tshen , Piper Philip J. , Vaiglova Petra , de Vos John , Williams Ian S. , Zhao Jian-xin , Green Daniel R.
Published: September 2023

Studies of climate variation commonly rely on chemical and isotopic changes recorded in sequentially-produced growth layers, such as in corals, shells and tree rings, as well as in accretionary deposits—ice and sediment cores, and speleothems. Oxygen isotopic compositions (δ
18
O) of tooth enamel are a direct method of reconstructing environmental variation experienced by an individual animal. Here we utilize long-forming orangutan dentitions (
Pongo
spp.) to probe recent and ancient rainfall trends on a weekly basis over ∼ 3–11 years per individual. We first demonstrate the lack of any consistent isotopic enrichment effect during exclusive nursing, supporting the use of primate first molar teeth as environmental proxies. Comparisons of δ
18
O values (n = 2016) in six modern Bornean and Sumatran orangutans reveal a high degree of overlap, with more consistent annual and bimodal rainfall patterns in the Sumatran individuals. Comparisons with fossil orangutan δ
18
O values (n = 955) reveal similarities between modern and late Pleistocene fossil Sumatran individuals, but differences between modern and late Pleistocene/early Holocene Bornean orangutans. These suggest drier and more open environments with reduced monsoon intensity during this earlier period in northern Borneo, consistent with other Niah Caves studies and long-term speleothem δ
18
O records in the broader region. This approach can be extended to test hypotheses about the paleoenvironments that early humans encountered in southeast Asia.
Atypical local and global biological motion perception in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Tian Junbin , Yang Fang , Wang Ying , Wang Li , Wang Ning , Jiang Yi , Yang Li
Published: September 2023

Perceiving biological motion (BM) is crucial for human survival and social interaction. Many studies have reported impaired BM perception in autism spectrum disorder, which is characterised by deficits in social interaction. Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often exhibit similar difficulties in social interaction. However, few studies have investigated BM perception in children with ADHD. Here, we compared differences in the ability to process local kinematic and global configurational cues, two fundamental abilities of BM perception, between typically developing and ADHD children. We further investigated the relationship between BM perception and social interaction skills measured using the Social Responsiveness Scale and examined the contributions of latent factors (e.g. sex, age, attention, and intelligence) to BM perception. The results revealed that children with ADHD exhibited atypical BM perception. Local and global BM processing showed distinct features. Local BM processing ability was related to social interaction skills, whereas global BM processing ability significantly improved with age. Critically, general BM perception (i.e. both local and global BM processing) may be affected by sustained attentional ability in children with ADHD. This relationship was primarily mediated by reasoning intelligence. These findings elucidate atypical BM perception in ADHD and the latent factors related to BM perception. Moreover, this study provides new evidence that BM perception is a hallmark of social cognition and advances our understanding of the potential roles of local and global processing in BM perception and social cognitive disorders.
A computational model predicts sex-specific responses to calcium channel blockers in mammalian mesenteric vascular smooth muscle
Authors: Hernandez-Hernandez Gonzalo , O'Dwyer Samantha C , Yang Pei-Chi , Matsumoto Collin , Tieu Mindy , Fong Zhihui , Lewis Timothy J , Santana L Fernando , Clancy Colleen E
Published: September 2023

The function of the smooth muscle cells lining the walls of mammalian systemic arteries and arterioles is to regulate the diameter of the vessels to control blood flow and blood pressure. Here, we describe an in silico model, which we call the ‘Hernandez–Hernandez model’, of electrical and Ca2+ signaling in arterial myocytes based on new experimental data indicating sex-specific differences in male and female arterial myocytes from murine resistance arteries. The model suggests the fundamental ionic mechanisms underlying membrane potential and intracellular Ca2+ signaling during the development of myogenic tone in arterial blood vessels. Although experimental data suggest that KV1.5 channel currents have similar amplitudes, kinetics, and voltage dependencies in male and female myocytes, simulations suggest that the KV1.5 current is the dominant current regulating membrane potential in male myocytes. In female cells, which have larger KV2.1 channel expression and longer time constants for activation than male myocytes, predictions from simulated female myocytes suggest that KV2.1 plays a primary role in the control of membrane potential. Over the physiological range of membrane potentials, the gating of a small number of voltage-gated K+ channels and L-type Ca2+ channels are predicted to drive sex-specific differences in intracellular Ca2+ and excitability. We also show that in an idealized computational model of a vessel, female arterial smooth muscle exhibits heightened sensitivity to commonly used Ca2+ channel blockers compared to male. In summary, we present a new model framework to investigate the potential sex-specific impact of antihypertensive drugs.
A computational model predicts sex-specific responses to calcium channel blockers in mesenteric vascular smooth muscle
Authors: Hernandez-Hernandez Gonzalo , O’Dwyer Samantha C. , Matsumoto Collin , Tieu Mindy , Fong Zhihui , Yang Pei-Chi , Lewis Timothy J. , Fernando Santana L. , Clancy Colleen E.
Published: September 2023

The function of the smooth muscle cells lining the walls of systemic arteries and arterioles is to regulate the diameter of the vessels to control blood flow and blood pressure. Here, we describe an
in silico
model, which we call the “Hernandez-Hernandez model”, of electrical and Ca
2+
signaling in arterial myocytes based on new experimental data indicating sex-specific differences in male and female arterial myocytes from resistance arteries. The model suggests the fundamental ionic mechanisms underlying membrane potential and intracellular Ca
2+
signaling during the development of myogenic tone in arterial blood vessels. Although experimental data suggest that K
V
1.5 channel currents have similar amplitudes, kinetics, and voltage dependencies in male and female myocytes, simulations suggest that K
V
1.5 current is the dominant current regulating membrane potential in male myocytes. In female cells, which have larger K
V
2.1 channel expression and longer time constants for activation than male myocytes, predictions from simulated female myocytes suggest that K
V
2.1 plays a primary role in the control of membrane potential. Over the physiological range of membrane potentials, the gating of a small number of voltage-gated K
+
channels and L-type Ca
2+
channels are predicted to drive sex-specific differences in intracellular Ca
2+
and excitability. We also show that in an idealized computational model of a vessel, female arterial smooth muscle exhibits heightened sensitivity to commonly used Ca
2+
channel blockers compared to male. In summary, we present a new model framework to investigate the potential sex-specific impact of anti-hypertensive drugs.
Impression of the Clock Genes on Oral Health and Diseases: A Narrative Review
Authors: Dhokar Amol , Golani Heena , Hadkar Latisha Prashant
Published: September 2023

The circadian clock helps organisms adapt their physiological processes to changing environmental conditions, including the adaptation of the 24-hour sleep-wake cycle in day and night. Circadian rhythms regulate the proper timing and synchronisation of various physiological and metabolic processes in our body by supporting 24-hour oscillations of master genes. At the molecular level, a family of transcription factors known as “clock genes” controls circadian oscillations in gene expression. Through this complex regulatory network, our brain communicates with several peripheral organs and tissues receive communication from our brain via this complex regulatory network. Dysregulation of the circadian rhythm can lead to multiple diseases, including cancer and autoimmune disorders. The circadian clock appears to significantly affect saliva production, salivary glands, oral epithelium, and tooth development. Therefore, the goal of this review is to provide a systematic and integrated perspective on the role and effects of the circadian clock and its genes on oral health and diseases, while briefly discussing their relation to systemic health and conditions.
Microbial Quality Evaluation of Seafood Samples from the Vishakhapatnam Coast, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Bhuvaneswari D. , Koteswar B. , Reddy A. Devivaraprasad , Jakhar Jitender Kumar , Donadkar Rujuta R. , Balakrishna CH. , Nirmala T. Vijaya
Published: September 2023

Consumption of seafood has increased, resulting in the production and productivity of aquaculture in the past few years. Since, seafood is crucial in human nutrition, providing essential nutrients and proteins. However, their perishable nature and vulnerability to microbial contamination make them prone to spoilage and foodborne illnesses. Therefore, the microbiological analysis of fish samples is paramount to ensure their quality and safety for consumption. In this study, microbiology of fish samples, encompassing various aspects such as microbial load assessment, and pathogen detection. Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria viz., Total plate count, Escherichia coli, Total coliforms, Vibrio spp, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp. These pathogens pose severe health risks to consumers and highlight the necessity of effective monitoring and control measures throughout the seafood supply chain.  Proper handling, storage, and processing practices minimise microbial contamination and preserve fish quality. Implementing Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plans and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) helps ensure the safety of fish products and prevent outbreaks of foodborne illnesses.
Estimation of Serum Minerals, Total Protein and Liver Enzymes in HIV Patients Receiving Haart in Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Gbolahan Idowu Abigail , Victoria Mokwenye , Ugbomoiko Daniel Ohilebo , Gambo Ezekiel Dauda , Ibrahim Muhammad Adamu
Published: September 2023

Aims: This study was aimed to estimate serum minerals level (calcium, zinc, phosphorus), total protein and liver enzymes (ALT and AST) in patients taking HAART at Federal Medical Centre Keffi, Nasarawa state. Nigeria.

Study design: This study engaged a cross-sectional study design to investigate the liver enzyme alterations and the level of serum minerals in patients taking HAART when compare with treatment naïve (Pre-HAART) controls.

Place and duration of the study: The study was conducted in Federal Medical Center Keffi, Nasarawa State-Nigeria. Data collection spanned a specific duration from December, 2022 to March, 2023.

Method: A total of 143 subjects were involved in the study of which were 59 HIV positive patients on HAART, 34 Pre-HAART patients and 50 healthy subjects served as controls. 5ml venous blood sample was collected after taking aseptic precaution from the study subjects into plain vacuum tubes; sample was left for 30 minutes at room temperature and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 4 minutes. Sero-negativity of the control (healthy patients) was confirmed by HIV TRI-DOT test. Serum total calcium, serum phosphorus, serum zinc. Total proteins were estimated using spectrophotometer while AST and ALT were estimated by colorimetric method.

Result: The study indicated that both pre-HAART and HAART patients showed significantly higher (P<.05) AST and ALT activities compared to sero-negative patients. Pre-HAART patients had lower Zinc (11.22±4.86) and TP (43.18±22.52) levels than sero-negative patients, with Zinc (16.58±4.20) and TP (65.47±12.79). In contrast, HAART patients experienced a significant increase (P<.005) in Zinc (14.29±3.41) and TP (61.56±18.87) levels compared to pre-HAART patients (11.22±4.86) and (43.18±2.52). No significant difference in serum calcium level in all groups. Patients on HAART and sero-negative patients displayed normal Phosphorus level which is significantly higher in pre-HAART patients.

Conclusion: This study concluded that the serum level of ALT and AST were increased in HIV positive patients on HAART and pre-HAART patients. HAART improved level of serum zinc and total protein.
Modelling and Optimization of Simultaneous Removal of Ions (H2PO4-, NO3- and Cd2+) by Adsorption on Clay in Aqueous Solution by Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Joseph Adjoumani Yao , Martial Abro Koutouan Désiré , Soumahoro Gueu , Benjamin Yao Kouassi
Published: September 2023

This paper deals with the modeling and optimization of the simultaneous elimination of dihydrogen phosphate nitrate and cadmium ions in an aqueous solution using adsorption on a smectite clay. Pollutant concentration and retention time are the two parameters studied. The experimental domains investigated are respectively from 20 to 100 mg.L-1 and from 8 to 16 hours. The tests were conducted with 3g of clay in a 25 mL mixture solution at pH 5. This study has been carried out with Response Surface Methodology (RSM), using NEMROD software. A central composite Design (CCD) was used first to establish a mathematical model that governs the process. The use of Derringer’s overall function of desirability permitted to establish optimal conditions of adsorption. Thus, maximum abatement rates both for each ion have been obtained when the pollutant concentration was 43 mg.L-1 with an adsorption duration of 15 hours. The results of the purification rates were 30.6 %, 68.1 %, and 69.07 %, respectively for nitrate, dihydrogenophosphate, and cadmium ions. It is noticeable that clay can be used as an adsorbent for wastewater depollution from many pollutants at a time.