bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Single Ion Pair HPLC Method for Analysis of Terbinafine, Ofloxacin, Ornidazole, Clobetasol, and Two Preservatives in a Cream Formulation: Application to In Vitro Drug Release in Topical Simulated Media-Phosphate Buffer Through Rat Skin
Authors: Dewani Anil P , Bakal Ravindra L , Kokate Pranjali G , Chandewar Anil V , Patra Srdhanjali
Published: August 2015

Present work reports an HPLC method with UV detection for quantification of terbinafine, ofloxacin, ornidazole, and clobetasol in a cream formulation along with two preservatives methyl and propyl paraben. The chromatographic separation and quantification was achieved by an octyl bonded column and a gradient elution program involving an ion-pairing reagent, hexanesulfonic acid (0.2%, pH modified to 2.7 using orthophosphoric acid) and acetonitrile. The method was simple and devoid of buffer salts and therefore advantageous for system and column life. The three step gradient program was initiated with 30% (v/v) acetonitrile for the first 5 min and ramped linearly to 60% in the next 7 min. The mobile phase remained constant for the next 11 min and then concluded at 30% (v/v) of acetonitrile. Flow rate throughout was 0.8 mL/min, and all the signals were monitored at 243 nm. The method was applied for assay of a cream formulation and its in vitro permeation studies to determine the penetration profile of the four drugs and two preservatives. A marketed cream formulation was selected for the permeation study, which was carried out using a diffusion cell consisting of topical simulated media, phosphate buffer (pH = 6.8) solution containing 1% sodium lauryl sulfate as a receiver medium.
AOAC Official MethodSM Matrix Extension Validation Study of Assurance GDSTM for the Detection of Salmonella in Selected Spices
Authors: Feldsine Philip , Kaur Mandeep , Shah Khyati , Immerman Amy , Jucker Markus , Lienau Andrew
Published: August 2015

Assurance GDSTM for Salmonella Tq has been validated according to the AOAC INTERNATIONAL Methods Committee Guidelines for Validation of Microbiological Methods for Food and Environmental Surfaces for the detection of selected foods and environmental surfaces (Official Method of AnalysisSM 2009.03, Performance Tested MethodSM No. 050602). The method also completed AFNOR validation (following the ISO 16140 standard) compared to the reference method EN ISO 6579. For AFNOR, GDS was given a scope covering all human food, animal feed stuff, and environmental surfaces (Certificate No. TRA02/12-01/09). Results showed that Assurance GDS for Salmonella (GDS) has high sensitivity and is equivalent to the reference culture methods for the detection of motile and non-motile Salmonella. As part of the aforementioned validations, inclusivity and exclusivity studies, stability, and ruggedness studies were also conducted. Assurance GDS has 100% inclusivity and exclusivity among the 100 Salmonella serovars and 35 non-Salmonella organisms analyzed. To add to the scope of the Assurance GDS for Salmonella method, a matrix extension study was conducted, following the AOAC guidelines, to validate the application of the method for selected spices, specifically curry powder, cumin powder, and chili powder, for the detection of Salmonella.
Application of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Investigating Antioxidant Activity of Selected Herbs
Authors: Bartoszek Mariola , Polak Justyna
Published: August 2015

Antioxidant properties of selected herbs were investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. This was possible by measuring changes in the intensity of the EPR spectrum that resulted from the interaction of the stable radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl with antioxidants found in herbal samples. Moreover, the total phenolic content (TPC) was measured using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The values of trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity were in the range of 10.95 to 505.95 μmol Trolox/1 g of dry weight of sample. TPC values were in the range of 3.38 to 63.13 mg of gallic acid/1 g of dry weight. The results showed that all of the investigated herbs exhibit antioxidant properties. A positive and significant correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content was observed. The studied herbs could be a good source of natural antioxidants.
Investigation of Antioxidant Activity of Pomegranate Juices by Means of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Authors: Kozik Violetta , Jarzembek Krystyna , Jędrzejowska Agnieszka , Bąk Andrzej , Polak Justyna , Bartoszek Mariola , Pytlakowska Katarzyna
Published: August 2015

Pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.) is a source of numerous phenolic compounds, and it contains flavonoids such as anthocyanins, anthocyanidins, cyanidins, catechins and other complexes of flavonoids, ellagitannins, and hydrolyzed tannins. Pomegranate juice shows antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anti-atherosclerotic properties. The antioxidant capacity (TEAC) of the pomegranate juices was measured using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) as a source of free radicals, and the total phenolic (TP) content was measured using UV-Vis spectroscopy. All the examined pomegranate juices exhibited relatively high antioxidant properties. The TEAC values determined by means of EPR spectroscopy using Trolox (TE) as a free radical scavenger were in the range of 463.12 to 1911.91 μmol TE/100 mL juice. The TP content measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, using gallic acid (GA) as a free radical scavenger, widely varied in the investigated pomegranate juice samples and ranged from 1673.62 to 5263.87 mg GA/1 L juice. The strongest antioxidant properties were observed with the fresh pomegranate juices obtained from the fruits originating from Israel, Lebanon, and Azerbaijan. Correlation analysis of numerical data obtained by means of EPR spectroscopy (TEAC) and UV-Vis spectroscopy (TP) gave correlation coefficient (r) = 0.90 and determination coefficient (r2) = 0.81 (P <0.05).
CD-ROM como ferramenta auxiliar para o estudo dos ecossistemas pelos alunos do 6º ano do ensino fundamental
Authors: Oliveira Anne Caroline Mello de , Dantas Mário André Trindade , Donato Christiane Ramos , Vieira Fabiana Silva
Published: August 2015

O Brasil possui uma diversidade muito grande de ecossistemas, estando estes distribuídos nos muitos Estados da federação. Em Sergipe, destacam-se os ecossistemas Manguezal, Restinga, Mata Atlântica e Caatinga, muitos ainda desconhecidos para grande parte da população. Em virtude da falta de explanações sobre ecossistemas sergipanos em livros didáticos, pelo docente e pelos discentes, foi confeccionado um CD-ROM baseado nas dificuldades, tanto do educador quanto do educando, sobre o tema trabalhado. Sendo assim, o CD-ROM pode ser considerado como ferramenta auxiliar na aprendizagem sobre os ecossistemas sergipanos.
Inclusão Escolar: situação dos portadores de Síndrome de Down
Authors: Brandão Igor Macedo , Fonseca Vania , Madi Rubens Riscala
Published: August 2015

A Síndrome de Down (SD) é uma alteração cromossômica que se caracteriza pelo nascimento de um individuo apresentando um cromossomo a mais em seu mapa genético (47 e não 46, como o esperado). Portadores de SD possuem características fenotípicas e de comportamento bastante peculiares, que podem comprometer o seu desenvolvimento. O trabalho faz uma análise dos principais aspectos relacionados à inclusão escolar dos portadores de SD. Há muito se discute os direitos dos portadores de necessidades especiais no Brasil, sendo o tema da inclusão escolar um dos mais recorrentes. Pais, escolas e educadores devem agir em conjunto para proporcionar o melhor aproveitamento dos portadores de SD na sala de aula. A educação especial registrou em 2010, 702.603 matrículas, um aumento de 10% com relação a 2009, o que pode sugerir um avanço na inclusão escolar de pessoas com SD.
“They don´t represent us!” Opportunities for a Social Movement Unionism Strategy in Spain
Authors: Köhler Holm-Detlev , Calleja Jiménez José Pablo
Published: August 2015

Our goal is to analyze strategies of union revitalization that have been successful elsewhere and have the potential to become so in Spain. Within these practices, Social Movement Unionism focuses on alliances with other groups to improve unions’ social efficiency. In this article, we address the applicability of the principles of Social Movement Unionism in the specific case of Spain. Given the transformations in the Spanish economy and labour laws tending towards further deregulation, Spanish unions have had to react. The emergence of new social movements such as theIndignadosorMareas Ciudadanas(civic tides) and the declining confidence in unions among the Spanish population, make this approach timely and appropriate.

For this article, we will take certain aspects from the trade union revitalization debate and combine them with the main theories on New Social Movements. We will apply these approaches to a specific case study: The viability of cooperation between the largest Spanish trade unions and the recent social movements arising from theIndignadosmovement. For this purpose, we will primarily use data from secondary sources and transcripts of interviews conducted with unionists and social movement activists. With all these elements taken into consideration, we will conclude by showing the inhibiting and facilitating conditions for the development of a Social Movement Unionism strategy for the referred actors.
The Influence of External Information on Collective Bargaining: Survey Evidence of Union and Firm Negotiators in the Netherlands
Authors: Lehr Alex , Akkerman Agnes , Torenvlied René
Published: August 2015

This paper seeks to answer two questions: 1- To what extent are negotiators in collective bargaining influenced by different types of external information? 2- How can differences in the influence of external information between negotiators be explained by the characteristics of the negotiators and bargaining units? A standardized questionnaire measuring self-reported influences of different types of external information was developed and administered to a representative sample of union and firm negotiators in the Netherlands. In total, 123 negotiators participated in the survey. Four types of external information were investigated: 1- economic information; 2- information on organizational power; 3- institutional information; and 4- information spillovers. Descriptive analyses show that economic information, particularly when referring to the sector level, was very influential, as was institutional information on national and sectoral collective agreement developments. Information reflecting organizational power, e.g. militancy, carried less weight, while information on other bargaining events, i.e. spillover, was also very important. From extant theory, empirical findings and common assumptions in labour relations literature, the paper developed and tested a number of hypotheses concerning the influence of external information. It was found that the influence of spillovers increased with the proximity of their source. Union negotiators were generally more influenced by external information than firm negotiators. There was some evidence that influence increased with experience, but this effect was rather modest. Evidence that negotiators in sector bargaining were less affected by the economic environment than negotiators in company bargaining was weak, but they were found to be less influenced by spillovers and international collective agreement developments.
Enhancer additivity and non-additivity are determined by enhancer strength in the Drosophila embryo
Authors: Bothma Jacques P , Garcia Hernan G , Ng Samuel , Perry Michael W , Gregor Thomas , Levine Michael
Published: August 2015

Metazoan genes are embedded in a rich milieu of regulatory information that often includes multiple enhancers possessing overlapping activities. In this study, we employ quantitative live imaging methods to assess the function of pairs of primary and shadow enhancers in the regulation of key patterning genes-knirps, hunchback, and snail-in developing Drosophila embryos. The knirps enhancers exhibit additive, sometimes even super-additive activities, consistent with classical gene fusion studies. In contrast, the hunchback enhancers function sub-additively in anterior regions containing saturating levels of the Bicoid activator, but function additively in regions where there are diminishing levels of the Bicoid gradient. Strikingly sub-additive behavior is also observed for snail, whereby removal of the proximal enhancer causes a significant increase in gene expression. Quantitative modeling of enhancer–promoter interactions suggests that weakly active enhancers function additively while strong enhancers behave sub-additively due to competition with the target promoter.
Fragility and functional status of institutionalized elderly
Authors: Duarte Marcella Costa Souto , Lima Ubiraciara Soares de , Albuquerque Karla Fernandes de , Evangelista Carla Braz , Souto Hugo Costa , Patrício Anna Claudia Freire de Araújo
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: Averiguar a associação entre a fragilidade nesses idosos e a variável clínica status funcional. Método: Pesquisa de campo, de natureza quantitativa, da qual participaram 22 idosos. Os dados foram coletados por meio da Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS), o Índex de Katz e a escala de Lawton e analisados no SPSS for Windows. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa sob CAAE n° 0031.0.470.000-11. Resultados: Evidenciou-se grande parte dos idosos possuíam algum tipo de fragilidade (63,7%) e apresentavam boa capacidade funcional para realização das atividades de vida diárias (41,8%). No entanto, 59% apresentavam algum tipo de dependência ou necessidade de auxílio para realização das atividades instrumentais diárias. Conclusão: Há uma necessidade uma assistência qualificada e voltada para melhoria da qualidade de vida e independência dos idosos fragilizados, inclusive nas instituições de longa permanência.
Degree of satisfaction of puerperal women about the quality of care in Rooming-in of a Public Maternity
Authors: Figueiredo Mariana da Silva de , Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo da , Oliveira Dayanne Kallyne Morais de Araújo , Vieira Natália Raiane Silva , Costa Danyella Augusto Rosendo da Silva , Davim Rejane Marie Barbosa Davim
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: identificar o grau de satisfação de puérperas quanto a Qualidade da Assistência (QA) no Alojamento Conjunto (AC) de uma maternidade pública. Método: pesquisa descritiva quantitativa com 351 mulheres que responderam uma entrevista estruturada obedecendo aos transmites legais de pesquisa em seres humanos, e a análise foi por meio da escala de Likert. Resultados: observou-se satisfação quanto ao acolhimento, equipe multiprofissional, orientações, horários de visitas e insatisfação para os indicadores: estrutura física, privacidade, conforto e ventilação. Conclusão: conclui-se que a maioria das usuárias está satisfeita com os serviços de saúde apesar de existir queixas com a ambiência. A opinião das puérperas é importante e reflete nas ações que vêm sendo desenvolvidas no setor saúde, direcionando a um planejamento que oferte serviço de qualidade, tendo em vista que o AC caracteriza-se como um sistema hospitalar e deve proporcionar espaço acolhedor com conforto, privacidade e infraestrutura para se ter uma assistência adequada. Descritores: Puerpério; Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde; Alojamento Conjunto; Enfermagem obstétrica.
Practice and knowledge of nurses about child autism
Authors: Sena Romeika Carla Ferreira de , Reinalde Elda Medeiros , Silva Glauber Weder dos Santos , Sobreira Maura Vanessa Silva
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: Analisar a prática e o conhecimento dos enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família acerca do transtorno autístico. Método: Pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, composta por 15 enfermeiros. Utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada. A análise de dados deu-se através da análise representacional. Aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (CEP/UERN nº 124/11). Resultados: Evidenciou-se insegurança e fragilidade no conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre transtorno autístico em virtude de não terem conseguido definir autismo nem demonstrado vivência com pessoas autistas e relaram a inexistência de capacitações voltadas para o tema exposto.Conclusão: Constatou-se déficit de conhecimento dos enfermeiros acerca do autismo infantil e inexistência de intervenções práticas realizadas com pessoas autistas e seus familiares, além da não oferta de capacitações que abordem o assunto. Descritores: Atenção à saúde, Transtorno autístico, Enfermagem pediátrica.
Moral harassment at work and its complexity: reviewing the scientific productions
Authors: Andrade Cristiane Batista , Bueno Barbara Indaia , Gardino Ana Laura Mistura , Freitas Balbina Francisca Almeida Tenório
Published: August 2015

OBJETIVO: Analisar as produções bibliográficas sobre o assédio moral nos últimos cinco anos no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo de revisão integrativa em artigos nacionais na base de dados do LILACs e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Foram selecionados doze artigos nas áreas de administração, direito, enfermagem, fisioterapia e psicologia. RESULTADOS: O assédio moral é complexo, pouco investigado, há ausência de uma legislação brasileira e predominância de estudos oriundos da psicologia. A pesquisa mostrou que os prejuízos para a saúde do trabalhador vão desde os aspectos psíquicos, afetivos e físicos até sociais e econômicos. CONCLUSÃO: O assédio moral no trabalho pode estar presente em qualquer situação, sendo um problema que deve ser também investigado por equipes multidisciplinares. O profissional de saúde do trabalhador deverá conhecer o conceito, as características e as consequências dessa violência no trabalho, prestando assistência especializada, pautada nos direitos trabalhistas e de saúde. DESCRITORES: Trabalho. Doenças profissionais. Saúde do trabalhador.
Knowledge and practice of nurses about the cancer of penis
Authors: Costa Luana da Silva , Teixeira Juliana Kelly Ferreira , Castro Susane de Fátima Ferreira
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: Descrever e analisar o conhecimento e a prática do enfermeiro da estratégia saúde da família sobre o câncer de pênis. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, de campo, exploratória, caráter descritivo, realizada nas unidades básica de saúde, da regional leste de Teresina-PI, nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2013. Os sujeitos foram 10 enfermeiras responderam um roteiro semiestruturado e analisado a partir do agrupamento das falas em categorias temáticas. Resultado: A pesquisa explana a carência de conhecimento sobre o câncer de pênis por parte dos enfermeiros da atenção básica, apresentando prática fragmentada, descontextualizada das necessidades do homem como um ser holístico. Conclusão: A estratégia saúde da família configura um cenário de conhecimento acerca do câncer de pênis repleto de lacunas, o que exige reflexões que possam contribuir para a construção de uma atenção integral e integrada à saúde do homem. Descritores: Enfermagem, Saúde do homem, Câncer de Pênis.
Difficulties faced by nurses on the applicability of phytotherapy in the basic attention: an integrative review
Authors: Araújo Anna Karolina Lages de , Araujo Filho Augusto Cezar Antunes de , Ibiapina Laís Gama , Nery Inez Sampaio , Rocha Silvana Santiago da
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: Analisar artigos disponíveis na literatura sobre as dificuldades encontradas por enfermeiros na aplicabilidade da fitoterapia na Atenção Básica. Método: A revisão integrativa foi o método adotado. Para busca dos estudos, as seguintes bases de dados foram selecionadas: PubMed, LILACS e Portal de Periódicos da Capes. Foram incluídos sete estudos. Resultados: Os artigos indicaram a ausência de planejamento na implantação da fitoterapia e de outras práticas integrativas e complementares na atenção básica, a falta de capacitação dos profissionais de saúde e a não valorização por parte da gestão e da própria equipe de saúde como as principais dificuldades encontradas. Conclusão: Fazem-se necessários investimentos por parte dos gestores na introdução de programas de implantação das terapias integrativas e complementares, além de capacitação e formação de recursos humanos na área.
Environmental impact, work and health of artisanal fishermen: popular education in focus
Authors: Batista Ribeiro Crystiane Ribas , Saboia Vera Maria , De Souza Dayane Knupp
Published: August 2015

Objetivo:Discutir as condições de trabalho e saúde de pescadores artesanais da Baía de Guanabara – RJ, Brasil. Método: Pesquisa de natureza qualitativa do tipo participante. Os sujeitos foram 35 pescadores e os instrumentos de coleta utilizados foram entrevista semi-estruturada e observação participante. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise temática. Resultados: Emergiram três categorias analíticas do estudo - Dualismo no trabalho informal: prazer e dor; individualismo na pós-modernidade: união para a libertação e Sustentabilidade ambiental: saúde e educação. Conclusão: A pesquisa revelou a riqueza e a potencialidade dos pescadores, deu visibilidade a este grupo específico que, apesar dos desafios que enfrentam, destacaram a satisfação e o prazer na profissão, que persiste há anos e lhes proporciona liberdade de expressão e momentos de descontração. Possibilitou a ação da enfermeira em outros cenários. Compreende-se a partir do estudo a importância da educação popular em articulação com o ambiente, a saúde e o trabalho.
Children with special health care needs: impact on familiar daily routine
Authors: Simonasse Marcelly Fontes , Moraes Juliana R M M de
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: descrever através da literatura cientifica o impacto que as crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde causam em suas famílias. Método: revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, BDENF, LILACS e IBECS. Foram selecionados 67 artigos publicados entre 2003 e 2013, que constituíram a amostra do estudo.Resultados: apontaram que esta temática tem sido investigada prioritariamente em estudos internacionais e o impacto ocorre na transmissão do diagnostico e acarreta em repercussões financeiras, sobre a saúde e no cotidiano social dos membros da família. Conclusão: a enfermagem deve ser facilitadora e instrumentalizar a família para o cuidado as crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde.
Meconium aspiration syndrome: identifying obstetric and neonatal risk situations
Authors: Mendonça Sheila Duarte , Medeiros Vanessa Gomes de Oliveira , Souza Nilba Lima , Silva Rhuama Karenina Costa , Oliveira Samara Isabela Maia
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: identificar as situações de risco obstétricas e neonatais que favoreceram a síndrome da aspiração meconial, bem como as complicações na evolução clínica apresentadas por esses neonatos. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, retrospectivo e de análise documental, realizado entre janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2010. Os dados dos 40 prontuários consultados foram registrados em banco de dados e analisados por meio de software para análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: Quanto às genitoras, 67,5% tiveram menos que seis consultas de pré-natal e 42,5% intercorrências na gestação. Predominou o parto cesáreo em 75%, indicados por sofrimento fetal. Dos neonatos, 90% apresentaram idade gestacional de 37 semanas ou mais; 82,5% tiveram Apgar abaixo de 7, necessitando de reanimação ao nascer e suporte ventilatório. Conclusão: O acompanhamento adequado da gestante em todo ciclo grávido e no trabalho de parto bem como o atendimento preciso do neonato na sala de parto podem reduzir a incidência da síndrome.
Kangaroo method: perceptions of mothers who experience the second stage
Authors: Oliviera Mariana Carneiro de , Locks Melissa Orlandi Honório , Girondi Juliana Balbinot Reis , Costa Roberta
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: conhecer as percepções das mães de recém-nascidos pré-termo e/ou baixo peso sobre a segunda etapa do Método Canguru. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratório descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa. Realizada em um hospital escola do sul do Brasil, através de entrevista semiestruturada e observação com cinco mães que se encontravam na unidade neonatal acompanhando seus filhos. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Emergiram três categorias: “A importância do início”, “Dilemas e dificuldades na realização do Método” e o “Método Canguru facilitando o cuidado ao seu filho”. Conclusões: A vivência da segunda etapa possibilita a superação dos sentimentos negativos que afloraram com o nascimento prematuro e promove o empoderamento das mães em relação ao cuidado com seu filho, entretanto é necessário que a equipe de enfermagem desenvolva diferentes habilidades para que o Método Canguru seja implementado efetivamente na prática.
Nursing care management to men with cancer
Authors: Mesquita Maria Gefé da Rosa , Paes Graciele Oroski , Silva Marcelle Miranda da , Duarte Sabrina da Costa Machado , Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini , Leite Joséte Luzia
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: Discutir as interações entre perspectiva de gênero e integralidade na gerência do cuidado de enfermagem a homens com câncer. Método: Estudo qualitativo, orientado pela Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. O cenário foi um Hospital Federal do Município do Rio de Janeiro - Brasil e os sujeitos, todos os 6 enfermeiros do serviço de oncologia, que concederam entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Resultados: Cinco categorias emergiram gerando o fenômeno: Ressignificando a gerência do cuidado de enfermagem mediante a perspectiva de gênero a fim de assegurar a integralidade ao homem com câncer. Na interação com os homens com câncer em tratamento antineoplásico, enfermeiros ouvem a influência da masculinidade em suas vidas e detectam a necessidade de inclusão da perspectiva de gênero em sua prática profissional. Conclusão: Assegurar a integralidade do cuidado ao homem lança o desafio de se colocar no lugar do mesmo, reconhecer suas necessidades singulares e assim ressignificar a gerência do cuidado de enfermagem.  Descritores: Saúde do Homem; Enfermagem; Assistência Integral à Saúde; Oncologia; Gerência.
The reactions of the family companion of hospitalized elderly facing stressful situations
Authors: Chibante Carla Lube de Pinho , Espírito Santo Fátima Helena , Aquino Alessandra Cristina de Oliveira
Published: August 2015

Objetivos: Caracterizar o familiar acompanhante de idosos hospitalizados; descrever as reações do familiar acompanhante de idosos hospitalizados frente às situações de estresse e discutir as possibilidades de intervenção do enfermeiro ao familiar acompanhante desses idosos. Método: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório. Realizado em enfermarias de um hospital geral com 45 familiares acompanhantes de idosos hospitalizados. Foi realizada entrevista semi-estruturada e os dados foram submetidos à análise temática. O estudo teve aprovação do comitê de ética. Resultados: As principais reações frente as situações de estresse: alterações nos hábitos alimentares, utilização de medicamentos para relaxamento e insônia e mudanças de humor. Para o enfrentamento das situações de estresse buscam atividades alternativas de lazer e apego às práticas religiosas. Conclusão: o familiar acompanhante de idosos deve também ser foco de cuidado da enfermagem durante o processo de hospitalização, mediante estratégias de suporte e programas educativos para preservar sua saúde.
Quality evaluation: users’ satisfaction of obstetric and mixed pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Santos Amanda Larissa Souza dos , Santos Rafaella Ayanne Alves dos , Carmo Amanda de Figueirôa Silva , Gusmão-filho Fernando Antônio Ribeiro de , Mendes Rodrigo Nonato Coelho
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: Avaliar a satisfação de usuários em duas unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs). Método: Trata-se de um estudo avaliativo, descritivo e qualitativo, realizado nas UTIs pediátrica mista (UTIPM) e obstétrica (UTIO) de um hospital do nordeste brasileiro. Participaram deste estudo 14 acompanhantes de crianças e neonatos e 15 mulheres internadas. A análise dos dados foi por análise de conteúdo e consequente construção de categorias. O estudo foi aprovado em comitê de ética e deontologia (CEDEP/UNIVASF) sob o nº 0001/201110. Resultados: Os sujeitos referiram boa recepção em ambas as UTIs, sentiram confiança nas equipes, e os cuidados foram avaliados positivamente. Porém, na UTIPM, relataram que o uso de termos técnicos nas informações dificultava seu entendimento. Na UTIO, salientaram que os cuidados com exames e procedimentos enfatizaram a humanização. Conclusão: A satisfação dos usuários é uma importante ferramenta de avaliação e gestão, como fator de (re)estruturação das práticas da gestão do cuidado.
Explanatory models of the professional sector in relation to medicinal plants
Authors: Palma Josiane Santos , Badke Marcio Rossato , Heisler Elisa Vanessa , Heck Rita Maria , Meincke Sonia Maria Konzgen
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: conhecer os modelos explicativos do setor profissional em relação às plantas medicinais. Método: estudo realizado junto a nove profissionais, entre maio e julho de 2011, na zona rural de Pelotas/RS, com auto aplicação de questionários semiestruturados, observação participante e grupo focal. Os preceitos éticos para pesquisas envolvendo seres humanos foram respeitados e os profissionais foram identificados pelo nome de uma planta medicinal. Resultados: de acordo com a análise temática dos dados, os profissionais de saúde utilizam plantas medicinais no cuidado da própria saúde e mencionaram haver possibilidade para a utilização de recursos vegetais no âmbito da atenção básica em momentos de autocuidado e cuidados paliativos. Afora estes momentos, incentivam o uso exclusivo de recursos alopáticos. Conclusão: a resistência do setor profissional com relação às plantas medicinais pode ser reflexo da formação profissional biomédica, consistindo em um nó crítico das redes semânticas.
Increasing carbon dioxide concentration in the upper atmosphere observed by SABER
Authors: Yue Jia , Russell James , Jian Yongxiao , Rezac Ladislav , Garcia Rolando , López‐Puertas Manuel , Mlynczak Martin G.
Published: August 2015

Carbon dioxide measurements made by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument between 2002 and 2014 were analyzed to reveal the rate of increase of CO2 in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. The CO2 data show a trend of ~5% per decade at ~80 km and below, in good agreement with the tropospheric trend observed at Mauna Loa. Above 80 km, the SABER CO2 trend is larger than in the lower atmosphere, reaching ~12% per decade at 110 km. The large relative trend in the upper atmosphere is consistent with results from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE‐FTS). On the other hand, the CO2 trend deduced from the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model remains close to 5% everywhere. The spatial coverage of the SABER instrument allows us to analyze the CO2 trend as a function of latitude for the first time. The trend is larger in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere mesopause above 80 km. The agreement between SABER and ACE‐FTS suggests that the rate of increase of CO2 in the upper atmosphere over the past 13 years is considerably larger than can be explained by chemistry‐climate models.
Dawn‐dusk asymmetry in bursty hot electron enhancements in the midtail magnetosheath
Authors: Wang Chih‐Ping , Xing Xiaoyan , Nakamura T. K. M. , Lyons Larry R.
Published: August 2015

Bursty (a few minutes) enhancements of hot electrons (1–10 keV) in the tail magnetosheath, which we name hot electron enhancements (HEEs), are sometimes observed. To understand the processes leading to HEEs, we have used 4 years of measurements from Acceleration Reconnection Turbulence and Electrodynamics of Moon's Interaction with the Sun mission to statistically investigate the dawn‐dusk asymmetry of HEEs in the midtail (x from −30 to −70 RE) magnetosheath and their correlations with the solar wind/interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions. We find two strong dawn‐dusk asymmetries associated with HEEs: (1) they occur about 3 to 4 times more frequently on the dawnside. (2) Their fluxes on the dawnside are about twice as large as those on the duskside. The magnitudes of HEE fluxes are similar to those of the magnetosphere fluxes near the magnetopause, which are also a factor of 2 higher on the dawnside, indicating that the magnetosphere electrons are likely the source for HEEs and the cause for the HEE flux asymmetry. HEEs occur preferentially during higher solar wind speed, and the majority of HEEs are associated with sharp IMF direction changes and are accompanied by large and transient magnetosheath density changes. These correlations are stronger on the dawnside, suggesting that perturbations created near the quasi‐parallel bow shock, which is most of the time on the dawnside, associated with IMF discontinuities is a possible process leading to HEEs and could account for the higher HEE occurrence on the dawnside.
Uncoupled organic matter burial and quality in boreal lake sediments over the Holocene
Authors: Chmiel Hannah E. , Niggemann Jutta , Kokic Jovana , Ferland Marie‐Ève , Dittmar Thorsten , Sobek Sebastian
Published: August 2015

Boreal lake sediments are important sites of organic carbon (OC) storage, which have accumulated substantial amounts of OC over the Holocene epoch; the temporal evolution and the strength of this Holocene carbon (C) sink is, however, not well constrained. In this study we investigated the temporal record of carbon mass accumulation rates (CMARs) and assessed qualitative changes of terrestrially derived OC in the sediment profiles of seven Swedish boreal lakes, in order to evaluate the variability of boreal lake sediments as a C sink over time. CMARs were resolved on a short‐term (centennial) and long‐term (i.e., over millennia of the Holocene) timescale, using radioactive lead (210Pb) and carbon (14C) isotope dating. Sources and degradation state of terrestrially derived OC were identified and characterized by molecular analyses of lignin phenols. We found that CMARs varied substantially on both short‐term and long‐term scales and that the variability was mostly attributed to sedimentation rates and uncoupled from the OC content in the sediment profiles. The lignin phenol analyses revealed that woody material from gymnosperms was a dominant and constant OC source to the sediments over the Holocene. Furthermore, lignin‐based degradation indices, such as acid‐to‐aldehyde ratios, indicated that postdepositional degradation in the sediments was very limited on longer timescales, implying that terrestrial OC is stabilized in the sediments on a permanent basis.
Selective Dealkylation of Alkyl Aryl Ethers
Authors: Zhang Ming‐Xin , Hu Xu‐Hong , Xu Yun‐He , Loh Teck‐Peng
Published: August 2015

Dealkylation of alkyl aryl ethers has been extensively explored. In comparison to the reported methods, selective methods that work under mild reaction conditions remain to be developed. Herein we report the development of a method that is selective, dealkylating only one of the methyl groups in polymethylated aryl ether system. This selective dealkylative method is applied to the synthesis of a few advanced intermediates for drug synthesis. Detailed mechanistic studies have shown that this reaction probably proceeds via a single‐electron transfer process.
Straightforward Synthesis of 2‐Arylquinoxalines from 2‐Nitroanilines with an Equimolar Amount of Monoalcohols via a Base‐Catalyzed Hydrogen‐Transfer Coupling Reaction
Authors: Lv Wan , Xiong Biao , Tan Zhenda , Jiang Huanfeng , Zhang Min
Published: August 2015

Via a base‐catalyzed hydrogen‐transfer coupling reaction, a straightforward synthesis of 2‐arylquinoxalines from readily available 2‐nitroanilines with only an equimolar amount of monoalcohols has been developed. The synthetic protocol proceeds in a step‐ and atom‐economic fashion together with the advantages of operational simplicity, broad substrate scope, water as the only byproduct, and no need for noble transition‐metal catalysts, external reducing agents, or less environmentally benign halogenated reagents, offers a highly practical approach to access 2‐arylquinoxalines.
The taphonomy of blood components in decomposing bone and its relevance to physical anthropology
Authors: Cappella Annalisa , Bertoglio Barbara , Castoldi Elisa , Maderna Emanuela , Di Giancamillo Alessia , Domeneghini Cinzia , Andreola Salvatore , Cattaneo Cristina
Published: August 2015

Objectives

The variation and persistence of blood components, in particular red blood cells (RBCs), within bone tissue during the decomposition process, especially at the early stages and in different taphonomic conditions, has never been thoroughly investigated, regardless of the fact that knowing how blood survives or degrades within bone could be of help in solving many anthropological issues, such as trauma analysis and interpretation.

Materials and Methods

This research investigated the influence of time and taphonomy on the persistence and detectability of blood components in parietal bone fragments (of different post mortem periods and taphonomic conditions) through histological (Hematoxilin and Eosin, HE) and immunohistochemical (Glycophorin A, GYPA) analyses.

Results

The immunohistochemical investigation for GYPA showed the presence of RBCs under the form of erythrocyte debris or residues otherwise morphologically unidentifiable using only HE staining. Hence, while well‐defined RBCs can be observed only in the first week of decomposition, afterward these structures can be detectable with certainty only by immunohistochemical analysis, which reveals discrete quantities of RBC residues also in dry bone (post mortem interval, or PMI, of 15 years), but not in archaeological samples, in which the greater PMI and the different taphonomic conditions together could be the answer behind such difference.

Discussion

This study highlights the usefulness and potential of immunohistochemical detection of GYPA in RBC investigation and gives a realistic idea of the persistence and detectability of erythrocytes in different osteological taphonomic conditions, in contrast to results reported by some authors in literature. Another important result concerns the detection of RBC residues in dry bone, which opens the way to the possible use of RBCs in trauma interpretation. Am J Phys Anthropol 158:636–645, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Severe pancreatoduodenal injury
Authors: Yamamoto Hirotaka , Watanabe Hiroaki , Mizushima Yasuaki , Matsuoka Tetsuya
Published: August 2015

Case

A 30‐year‐old male involved in a traffic accident was brought to our hospital. He was in shock with a rigid abdomen, and a computed tomography scan showed severe pancreatoduodenal injury. He was successfully treated with damage control surgery consisting of peripancreatic packing at the initial surgery followed by a two‐stage pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Outcome

The postoperative course was complicated by a hepatic abscess, but there were no pancreaticoduodenectomy‐related complications. The patient was transferred to a local hospital on postoperative day 55.

Conclusion

Three step strategy consisting of peripancreatic packing followed by a two‐stage pancreaticoduodenectomy is an effective treatment strategy for severe pancreatoduodenal injury.
Ventricular fibrillation by anaphylaxis following consumption of blue_skinned fish
Authors: Otsubo Saori , Nishiyama Takashi , Okada Naoki , Ando Yukihiro , Yamada Katsumi , Maeda Yuji , Nishimura Yusuke
Published: August 2015

Case

Approximately 4_h after eating mackerel sushi, a 65_year_old man developed generalized itchiness and redness, after which he became unresponsive. He went into a state of ventricular fibrillation but after he was defibrillated twice, his heartbeat returned. The electrocardiogram obtained immediately after hospitalization showed some ST_segment depression, but a subsequent electrocardiogram showed improvement. Coronary CT showed no obvious stenosis or plaque in the coronary artery.

Outcome

Results of an IgE_RAST test confirmed that the level of allergen_specific IgE for mackerel measured <0.10_UA/mL, while the level for anisakis was 1.91_UA/mL.

Conclusions

As for the mechanism leading to cardiac arrest, it is thought that the histamines and leukotrienes released from cardiac mast cells caused a coronary artery spasm (Kounis syndrome). This anaphylactic shock is considered to be a result of anisakis allergy, but in general cases of anaphylaxis resulting from consumption of blue_skinned fish.
Poly(aspartic acid)–tryptophan grafted copolymer and its scale‐inhibition performance
Authors: Sun Xiaoyu , Zhang Junping , Yin Chengxian , Zhang Juantao , Han Jiao
Published: August 2015

Scale deposition, which severely damages oil exploration, is a difficulty encountered in oil fields. Scale inhibitors are widely used for controlling scales. Poly(aspartic acid) (PASP) is attracting more and more attention with increasing environmental concern and discharge limitations. However, PASP's poor inhibition in a high‐temperature environment markedly limits its wide use. Thus, poly(aspartic acid)–tryptophan grafted copolymer (PASPTR) was synthesized to improve the inhibition efficiency of PASP. The results show that the reactant of PASPTR has a great effect on its inhibition performance. PASPTR was found to inhibit the precipitation of CaSO4 close to 90% at concentrations as low as 0.4 mg/L at 50°C. The inhibition efficiency of PASPTR against CaCO3 was close to 100% with the concentration of 2 mg/L at 50°C. Scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction analyses, which showed the morphological and crystal structural changes of CaCO3 and CaSO4 precipitation, verified the excellent inhibition performance of PASPTR. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42739.
Synergistic reinforcement ofNBRby hybrid filler system including organoclay and nano‐CaCO3
Authors: Salkhord Sina , Sadeghi Ghari Hedayatollah
Published: August 2015

Rubber nanocomposites containing one type of nanofiller are common and are widely established in the research field. In this study, nitrile rubber (NBR) based ternary nanocomposites containing modified silicate (Cloisite 30B) and also nano‐calcium carbonate (nano‐CaCO3) were prepared using a laboratory internal mixer (simple melt mixing). Effects of the hybrid filler system (filler phase have two kind of fillers) on the cure rheometry, morphology, swelling, and mechanical and dynamic–mechanical properties of the NBR were investigated. Concentration of nano‐CaCO3[0, 5, 10, and 15 parts per one hundred parts of rubber by weight (phr)] and organoclay (0, 3, and 6 phr) in NBR was varied. The microstructure and homogeneity of the compounds were confirmed by studying the dispersion of nanoparticles in NBR via X‐ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Based on the results of morphology and mechanical properties, the dual‐filler phase nanocomposites (hybrid nanocomposite) have higher performance in comparison with single‐filler phase nanocomposites. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2015,132, 42744.
A Simple and Fast Aqueous‐Phase Synthesis of Ultra‐Highly Concentrated Silver Nanoparticles and Their Catalytic Properties
Authors: Shahzad Aasim , Chung Minsub , Yu Taekyung , Kim Woo‐Sik
Published: August 2015

A simple and fast synthetic route to ultra‐highly concentrated silver nanoparticles with long‐term stability by reducing AgNO3 with ascorbic acid in the presence of polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a stabilizer in an aqueous phase is reported. The concentration of silver precursor was as high as 2000 mm (200 g of Ag nanoparticle per liter of water) and the reaction time was less than 10 min. The resulting silver nanoparticles show long‐term stability after two months of storage at room temperature without any signs of particle aggregation or precipitation in an aqueous phase. The successful ligand exchange of PEI‐stabilized silver nanoparticles to polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) without particle aggregation is also demonstrated. In addition, the catalytic activities of silver nanoparticles stabilized by various stabilizers prepared by the ligand exchange method was investigated. The PEI‐stabilized silver nanoparticles exhibited a higher stability than those of PEG‐ and PVP‐stabilized silver nanoparticles in the diffusion‐controlled catalytic reduction of 4‐nitrophenol to 4‐aminophenol by NaBH4.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Oxadiazole Derivatives Bearing 5‐Phenyl‐tetrazole as Osteoclast Differentiation Inhibitors
Authors: Moon Seong‐Hee , Latif Muhammad , Qasim Muhammad , Choi Sik‐Won , Lee Joo Yun , Byun Byung Jin , Saeed Aamer , Kim Seong Hwan
Published: August 2015

Novel oxadiazoles bearing 5‐phenyl‐tetrazole (5a–k) were designed and efficiently synthesized by treating 2‐(5‐phenyl‐2H‐tetrazole‐2‐yl)acetohydrazide (4) with aromatic carboxylic acids in POCl3
, and their in vitro anti‐osteoclastogenic activities were evaluated. In the cell‐based osteoclast differentiation model, all compounds (5a–k) inhibited the formation of osteoclasts. In addition, the potential target molecules of compound 5 analogs were predicted with their chemical substructures via a web‐based interface, and some of them were found to be related to osteoclast differentiation. Consequently, the scaffold containing oxadiazole–tetrazole in a single molecule and their analogs are of potential use in the design of novel anti‐osteoclastogenic therapeutics.
Was termination based on gender or behavior?
Authors: Gelpi Aileen
Published: August 2015

Weatherford College hired Karen Austen as a professor and chair of its Department of Kinesiology in 2007. Not long afterward, an assistant coach formally complained that Austen made improper comments to him regarding his physique, initiated confrontations with him, and often secretly took photographs of him as he was working out. In addition, a departmental secretary filed a police report alleging Austen showed inappropriate photos to her daughter.
Know how to negotiate equipment, apparel contracts that protect, benefit your athletics department
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: August 2015

CARL HECK, ASSOCIATE AD, INTERNAL OPERATIONS, BUTLER UNIVERSITY
Download or stream? Steal or buy? Developing a typology of today's music consumer
Authors: Sinclair Gary , Green Todd
Published: August 2015

This paper explores the impact that recent transformations in digital music technology (e.g. the increasing popularity of legal streaming platforms) have had on the consumer experience. Following 35 in‐depth qualitative interviews, we have identified four key segments of contemporary music consumers (steadfast pirates, ex‐downloaders, mixed tapes and the old schoolers [the disengaged]) based on a continuum of their preference for illegal music piracy. Examining key themes (e.g. morality, format, value and identity investment) to distinguish each segment, we contribute to a fragmented music piracy literature in particular through the identification of the “ex‐downloaders” and “mixed tape” segments. Previous literature has tended to frame music piracy in very simplistic terms, failing to acknowledge a large number of consumers who are conflicted about their actions and rationalise their piracy in complicated and inconsistent ways related to the broader industry and their own sense of identity as a music consumer. Additionally, the discussion of the ex‐downloader segment provides significant evidence that for a large number of consumers, a policy of participation, in the shape of providing superior alternatives for legal digital music consumption, can be much more beneficial in tackling the problem of piracy than previous strategies of policing and coercion. Managerial and future research implications are discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.