bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Putative neural consequences of captivity for elephants and cetaceans
Authors: Jacobs Bob , Rally Heather , Doyle Catherine , O’Brien Lester , Tennison Mackenzie , Marino Lori
Published: September 2021

The present review assesses the potential neural impact of impoverished, captive environments on large-brained mammals, with a focus on elephants and cetaceans. These species share several characteristics, including being large, wide-ranging, long-lived, cognitively sophisticated, highly social, and large-brained mammals. Although the impact of the captive environment on physical and behavioral health has been well-documented, relatively little attention has been paid to the brain itself. Here, we explore the potential neural consequences of living in captive environments, with a focus on three levels: (1) The effects of environmental impoverishment/enrichment on the brain, emphasizing the negative neural consequences of the captive/impoverished environment; (2) the neural consequences of stress on the brain, with an emphasis on corticolimbic structures; and (3) the neural underpinnings of stereotypies, often observed in captive animals, underscoring dysregulation of the basal ganglia and associated circuitry. To this end, we provide a substantive hypothesis about the negative impact of captivity on the brains of large mammals (e.g., cetaceans and elephants) and how these neural consequences are related to documented evidence for compromised physical and psychological well-being.
construcción de un estado de la cuestión hemerográfico. Un ejemplo a partir de los conceptos fake news, posverdad y desinformación en el entorno de web of science (WoS)
Authors: Gómez-Rodríguez Gabriela , González Reyes Rodrigo
Published: September 2021

En este artículo se ejemplifica una búsqueda de estado de la cuestión en relación a los conceptos fake news, posverdad y desinformación, en la base de datos Web of Science. La idea de la confección de un estado de la cuestión, a pesar de ser una actividad de rutina en los procesos de investigación, implica dar cuenta de las diferencias singulares cuando se abordan temas emergentes (tales como los conceptos aquí tratados) y, particularmente, en los últimos 15 años, a partir de herramientas hemerográficas, a su vez, basadas en herramientas hemerométricas. Mediante un rastreo hemerográfico con los recursos que provee Web of Science, se lleva a cabo una sistematización para ofrecer una muestra de las posibilidades de esa base para elaborar un estado de la cuestión. Se encontró que esta herramienta -si bien de acceso restringido- es muy útil para la elaboración de los primeros mapas temáticos en la búsqueda de tópicos emergentes y la identificación de núcleos de investigación por áreas disciplinares, autores y diferendos conceptuales.
Understanding early horse transport in eastern Eurasia through analysis of equine dentition
Authors: Taylor William T.T. , Cao Jinping , Fan Wenquan , Ma Xiaolin , Hou Yanfeng , Wang Juan , Li Yue , Zhang Chengrui , Miton Helena , Chechushkov Igor , Bayarsaikhan Jamsranjav , Cook Robert , Jones Emily L. , Mijiddorj Enkhbayar , Odbaatar Tserendorj , Bayandelger Chinbold , Morrison Barbara , Miller Bryan
Published: September 2021

Across Eurasia, horse transport transformed ancient societies. Although evidence for chariotry is well dated, the origins of horse riding are less clear. Techniques to distinguish chariotry from riding in archaeological samples rely on elements not typically recovered from many steppe contexts. Here, the authors examine horse remains of Mongolia's Deer Stone-Khirigsuur (DSK) Complex, comparing them with ancient and modern East Asian horses used for both types of transport. DSK horses demonstrate unique dentition damage that could result from steppe chariotry, but may also indicate riding with a shallow rein angle at a fast gait. A key role for chariots in Late Bronze Age Mongolia helps explain the trajectory of horse use in early East Asia.
Specific Surface Area by Colorimetry and Image Analysis
Authors: Salva Ramirez Marisol , Carlos Santamarina J.
Published: September 2021

Specific surface area is more informative than grain size for fine-grained sediments where Ss > 1 m2/g. In fact, specific surface area plays a central role in engineering properties and processes in fine-grained soils, including pore size and bioactivity; fabric, plasticity, and rheology; hydraulic and electrical conductivity; compressibility and residual friction angle; and all forms of coupled processes. This research advanced a dye adsorption method using digital image colorimetry implemented with smartphone technology. In particular, this research adopted a water-based approach to reach internal surfaces in platy phyllosilicates, selected short dye molecules to reduce the range of potential molecular contact area, and developed a physics-based adsorption model to analyze the complete data set to minimize the uncertainty in specific surface area determinations. The study involved fine-grained soils with distinct mineralogy and specific surface area (from 1 to 600 m2/g) and various cationic dyes and a protein to explore the effect of molecular size, shape, and pH. Crystal violet emerged as a reliable dye for soil characterization. Time-dependent measurements confirmed second-order kinetics and highlight the importance of adsorption time.
Building Information Modelling Execution Plan (BEP): A Comparison of Global Practice
Authors: Abu Bakar Ahmad Ridzuan , Haron Ahmad Tarmizi , Rahman Rahimi A.
Published: September 2021

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a process supported by technologies involving the development and management of 3D digital information model representations of functional and physical of the design. To implement BIM in a project, BIM Implementation Plan or BIM Execution Plan (BEP) needs to be developed as a planning and monitoring strategy document. Several BEPs have been developed around the world since 2010. However, a BEP should be tailored to the type of project, stakeholder requirement, and project objectives because a comprehensive BEP is a key factor for BIM implementation success. Also, a proper BEP helps stakeholders understand and achieve the underlying objectives in using BIM. In other words, understanding the strategic framework of BEPs is important. Hence, this study identifies and compares the key elements in existing BEPs. To accomplish that aim, twenty BEPs were identified and analysed. This study provides a benchmarked reference for industry players on existing BEPs. Through a clear description, all parties can understand the project objectives, work process, roles and responsibilities, information need and deliverables requirements in a BEP. Researchers can use the findings for further development and improvement of existing BEPs. Understanding BEPs will ensure better BIM implementation in practice.
Structural heterogeneity and old-growthness: A first regional-scale assessment of Sardinian forests
Authors:   Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy, Fantini Sergio , Fois Mauro , Casula Paolo , Fenu Giuseppe , Calvia Giacomo , Bacchetta Gianluigi
Published: September 2021

Mediterranean forests have been altered by several human activities. Consequently, relatively intact forests that have been unmodified by humans for a relatively long time (i.e., old-growth forests) are often reduced to isolated and fragmented stands. However, despite their high conservation value, little is known about their features and even presence several Mediterranean areas. First steps of their investigation are based on the identification of old-growth features such as amount of large‐size and old trees, tree species composition, canopy heterogeneity, occurrence and amount of deadwood. The Structural Heterogeneity Index (SHI) is commonly used to summarise features of old-growthness in one single value. Here, the SHI was derived for 68 plots included in 45 forest stands within the 4,297 km2 of territory that is covered by forests in Sardinia. SHI values were affected by variables that are likely to be related to forest age and structural complexity, such as presence of cerambycids, canopy cover, forest layers, location and three old-growthness classes. Results confirm a high structural variability among forests with old-growth features, determined by the presence, or lack, of given living and deadwood features. Our findings identified, for the first time, most of the forest stands that need special protection in Sardinia for the presence of old-growth features. In this sense, the SHI was confirmed useful for improving their management and conservation, although more specific and deeper studies are necessary for better understanding their species composition and dynamics.
Assessing the genetic structure of capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) in Romania
Authors:   National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry “Marin Drăcea”: Brasov, Brasov, RO, Fedorca Mihai , Ionescu Ovidiu , Șofletea Neculae , Fedorca Ancuța , Curtu Alexandru Lucian , Ionescu Georgeta
Published: September 2021

Romania holds the most extensive mountain range with oldgrowth forests, in which both habitat surface and capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) numbers are ones of the highest in Central and Eastern Europe. While previous genetic studies have found that the individuals located in different European mountain ranges are isolated and have highlighted that the species is declining. Here, we are aiming to assess the genetic structure of capercaillie in Romania by genotyping 137 samples collected in the field with 9 STR markers. Expected heterozygosity was 0.586, whereas observed heterozygosity values were 0.859. Population structure analyses indicated weak population differentiation and suggested that sufficient gene flow exists among individuals sampled in different mountain regions. We did not find evidence for a past genetic bottleneck. Our findings contain important information to wildlife managers to focus conservation efforts in areas such as Curvature Carpathians, which serve as a connectivity corridor to avoid eroding the extent or quality of habitat and to prevent further fragmentation.
Automated detection of individual juniper tree location and forest cover changes using Google Earth Engine
Authors: Wickramarathna Sudeera , Van Den Hoek Jamon , Strimbu Bogdan
Published: September 2021

Tree detection is the first step in the appraisal of a forest, especially when the focus is monitoring the growth of tree canopy. The acquisition of annual very high-resolution aerial images by the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) and their accessibility through Google Earth Engine (GEE) supports the delineation of tree canopies and change over time in a cost and time-effective manner. The objectives of this study are to develop an automated method to detect the crowns of individual western Juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) trees and to assess the change of forest cover from multispectral 1-meter resolution NAIP images collected from 2009 to 2016 in Oregon, USA. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), and Ratio Vegetation Index (RVI) were calculated from the NAIP images, in addition to the red-green-blue-near infrared bands. To identify the most suitable approach for individual tree crown identification, we created two training datasets: one considering yearly images separately and one merging all images, irrespective of the year. We segmented individual tree crowns using a random forest algorithm implemented in GEE and seven rasters, namely the reflectance of four spectral bands as recorded by the NAIP images (i.e., the red-green-blue-near infrared) and three calculated indices (i.e., NDVI, NDWI, and RVI). We compared the estimated location of the trees, computed as the centroid of the crown, with the visually identified treetops, which were considered as validation locations. We found that tree location errors were smaller when years were analyzed individually than by merging the years. Measurements of completeness (74%), correctness (94%), and mean accuracy detection (82 %) show promising performance of the random forest algorithm in crown delineation, considering that only four original input bands were used for crown segmentation. The change in the calculated crown area for western juniper follows a sinusoidal curve, with a decrease from 2011 to 2012 and an increase from 2012 to 2014. The proposed approach has the potential to estimate individual tree locations and forest cover area dynamics at broad spatial scales using regularly collected airborne imagery with easy-to-implement methods.
La meditación en espacios educativos como factor protector ante la violencia
Authors: Randazzo-Eisemann Francesca
Published: September 2021

Introducción. En este artículo se explora el impacto que tiene la meditación en el ámbito educativo como factor protector ante la violencia. Se trata de indagar cómo la meditación promueve el desarrollo de la cultura de paz en el centro educativo, así como evidenciar su correlación positiva en la calidad de la educación. Se busca dilucidar si al meditar se pueden favorecer ambientes escolares de convivencia y resolución pacífica de los conflictos, para así contribuir a mejorar el rendimiento y los logros de la población estudiantil, así como también a fomentar un mayor bienestar para el resto de la comunidad educativa. Metodología. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio de carácter cuali-cuantitativo y construccionista, basado en entrevistas y cuestionarios aplicados a agentes parte del proceso social: estudiantado, profesorado y voluntariado. Resultados. Se concluye, según la percepción de estos sujetos, que la meditación en contextos educativos promueve factores protectores ante la violencia, tales como paciencia, sensibilidad, equilibrio emocional, bienestar y relajación. Al haber calma y armonía, bajan los niveles de estrés, agresividad, ansiedad e impulsividad. Promoviendo la convivencia pacífica, las personas son menos conflictivas, más agradables, comprensivas, respetuosas, sociables. Se mejora el estado de ánimo y la autoestima, lo que permite una mejor interacción social: más y mejores relaciones entre pares, aceptación, respeto, colaboración, apoyo, solidaridad e integración.
A (des)coordenação federativa do Suas
Authors: Martins Tatiana Roberta Borges , Jacinto Adriana Giaqueto
Published: September 2021

O artigo apresenta uma abordagem sobre o compartilhamento das responsabilidades dos entes federativos com as políticas públicas no Brasil, em especial, a assistência social, enquanto possibilidades de garantias de direitos de cidadania a serem efetivados pelo Estado. A pesquisa bibliográfica, embasada no método histórico-dialético, teve como objetivo percorrer a construção histórica do pacto federativo e sua importância para a implantação de um modelo de proteção social no país. A análise crítica das principais normativas do Suas aponta que a descoordenação federativa, apresentada no cenário atual, reflete duramente no que foi recém-construído pela via da assistência social para atender um significativo contingente da população brasileira. Por fim, o texto defende a descentralização político-administrativa, com vistas à construção de um efetivo projeto de luta pela universalização de acesso às políticas sociais e pela dignidade humana.
Socio-Demographic Factors and the Level of Teachers’ Motivation in Slovak National Schools in Hungary
Authors: Heldáková Lucia , Ďurkovská Mária
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The research paper seeks to identify the level of motivation of Slovak educators teaching in Hungary in the context of a low level of teachers’ motivation in Central and Eastern Europe. The aim of the paper is to show the relationship between socio-demographic factors (age, gender, type of school) and the degree of teachers’ motivation at Slovak national schools in Hungary. The results of research on motivation in relation to gender, age and type of school are shown to be inconsistent and yield varying findings.
Materials and Methods. This paper is based on the data collected in the survey conducted in 10 Hungarian counties between January and April 2019, using a sample of 139 teachers of ethnic schools (monolingual, bilingual and schools teaching the ethnic language as a separate subject). We processed the obtained research results using methods of descriptive statistics and methods of inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient; Mann-Whitney U test; Kruskal-Wallis H test).
Results. The results showed that there was no correlation between the teacher’s age and teaching motivation (p > 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between gender and teaching motivation when using the Mann-Whitney test. Using a non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, the existence of significant differences in the level of motivation of teachers working at various types of schools was confirmed. The research showed that teachers of bilingual schools were the most positive in relation to motivation, and the lowest average scores were achieved by teachers in schools where Slovak is taught as a subject. The age and gender of teachers were not significant in relation to the evaluation of the degree of motivation for teaching Slovak.
Discussion and Conclusion. The results presented in the article will be beneficial not only for pedagogical researchers, but especially for Slovak teachers in Hungary, as research of this kind was conducted for the first time.
Dispositional and online-specific Fear of Missing Out are associated with the development of IUD symptoms in different internet applications
Authors: Röttinger Daniela , Bischof Gallus , Brandt Dominique , Bischof Anja , Orlowski Svenja , Besser Bettina , Wegmann Elisa , Brand Matthias , Rumpf Hans-Jürgen
Published: September 2021

Background and aims

An increasing number of people experience negative consequences from the excessive use of different Internet applications or sites (e.g., Instagram, League of Legends, YouTube). These consequences have been referred to as specific Internet Use Disorders (IUDs). The present study aims to examine the Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) on rewarding experiences with respect to specific Internet activities. FoMO has been found to mediate the link between psychopathology and symptoms of Internet Communication Disorder (ICD). However, the role of FoMO in other IUDs is controversial.

Methods

The current study (N = 7,990) consecutively screened in vocational schools) analyzed the associations between online-specific state-FoMO, general trait-FoMO, mental health, and IUD symptoms in a structural equation model. After testing the model for the entire sample of Internet users, it was analyzed separately for the two main user groups: Social Networking Site (SNS) users and gamers.

Results

The proposed model explained 42.0% of the variance in IUD symptoms in the total sample, 46.8% for SNS users, and 32.8% for gamers. Results suggest that impaired mental health and high trait-FoMO predict IUD symptoms. For both SNS users and gamers, trait-FoMO mediated the link between low mental health and IUD, whereas state-FoMO mediated the link between trait-FoMO and IUD in both user groups.

Discussion

Our results partly support the theoretical model of specific IUDs, highlighting trait-FoMO as a predisposing fear of disconnection related to general mental health. Online-specific FoMO appears to contribute to problematic Internet use mainly because of its link to the general fear of disconnection. Moreover, the described mechanism seems to be comparable for both females and males.

Conclusions

FoMO is a multidimensional construct underlying IUD symptoms related to the use of socially gratifying, but distinct Internet applications. FoMO and psychopathology should be targeted together in prevention and treatment plans of IUDs.
Current Occupation of Kruger Cave, A Later Stone Age Site, South Africa
Authors: Bradfield Justin , Lotter Matt Geoffrey
Published: September 2021

Contemporary occupation of archaeological sites is fraught with challenges and conflicting priorities. While prevailing opinion on heritage management recognises the fluid and continuous nature of archaeological site formation, the role of present-day communities as agents of archaeological palimpsests is often not adequately acknowledged. Contemporary communities, often unrelated to the autochthonous inhabitants of the archaeological sites, occasionally use these sites and landscapes in similar or different ways to how they were used in the past. Their use of these sites, while potentially damaging to the archaeology, simultaneously adds to, and is part of, the life history of the site, of which the excavated material and rock art are but pictures in time. Squatters who appropriate archaeological heritage sites constitute ambiguous communities under current South African heritage legislation. Yet, their role as contributing agents to archaeological sites is no less real. This article presents the case study of Kruger Cave, a Later Stone Age hunter-gatherer rock art site in South Africa, currently occupied by a lay Christian pastor. We document how the pastor is using the site and offer some thoughts around the nuances of negotiating and reconciling archaeological preservation and living heritage management.
The influence of aluminum on the formation of the hardening phase in magnesium alloys
Authors: Shalomeev V. , Lukianenko О.
Published: September 2021

Purpose. Study of the effect of alloying with aluminum on structure formation, mechanical properties and heat resistance of magnesium alloys

Research methods. Methods of metallographic and micro X-ray spectral analysis. Determination of mechanical properties and heat resistance.

Results. The regularities of the influence of alloying with aluminum on the formation of the hardening phase in magnesium alloys have been investigated. It is shown that an increase in the concentration of aluminum in  magnesium alloy promotes refinement of the macro- and microstructure of the metal (reduces the grain size and the distance between the second-order dendritic axes) and also increases the amount of intermetallic phase. The positive effect of aluminum additives on the mechanical properties and heat resistance of cast metal has been established.

The optimal level of alloying with aluminum (about 7,7 %) hes been determined, which ensures a sufficient level of mechanical properties and heat resistence.

Scientific novelty. Based on the regression analysis of the experimental data, empirical equations were obtained that describe the dependences of the size of macro- and micrograins on the concentration of aluminum in magnesium alloys. It is shown that the optimal aluminum content in the magnesium alloy in the amount of ~ 7,7 % provides the best combination of mechanical properties (a sufficiently high strength and the highest plasticity) and heat resistance

Practical value. It has been established that alloying magnesium alloys with aluminum is promising for improving the structure and increasing the mechanical properties and heat resistance of cast metal. This effect makes it possible to significantly expand the field of application of magnesium alloys in mechanical engineering and improve the performance of various equipment.
Method of arc activation of the base at increasing the distance plasma spraying
Authors: Ershov A. , Zelenina О.
Published: September 2021

Purpose. To increase the efficiency of the plasma coating by developing a method of ion-arc activation of the base using an activating electrode, which leads to an increase in the adhesion strength of the coating due to the sputtering of surface oxides of the base.

Research methods. Experimental and computational, mechanical tests, optical microscopy. The development of the method of ion-arc activation of the part base with an increase in the distance of coating deposition consists in application of an activating electrode located at the surface of the base to create an additional activating arc. The influence of the activating arc on bases for creating an additional activating arc. The influence of the activating arc on the adhesion strength of the coating is determined. The estimation of the current density of the activating arc for the sputtering of surface base oxides is carried out.

Results. A method of arc activation of the base surface with an increase in the coating distance is found. It is shown that application of an activating arc of reverse polarity that burns between the additional electrode and the base leads to ion bombardment of the surface by sputtering surface oxides and the creation of microcraters on the base surface. As a result, the bond strength is doubled compared to the bond strength obtained without the use of ion-arc activation of the base. The calculations of the rate of cathodic sputtering of the surface oxides of the base are carried out and the minimum activation current density of the base is determined, which leads to the complete sputtering of a layer of oxides of a given thickness.

Scientific novelty. It has been determined that, despite the rapid oxidation of the base under atmospheric conditions, application of the method of ion-arc cleaning of the surface during coating leads to a significant increase in the adhesion strength of the coating to the base.

Practical value. The obtained results of increasing the adhesion strength rise the efficiency, the guaranteed service life of the plasma coating on the parts of machines and mechanisms
Assessing trophic status of Suoi Hai Reservoir using Carlson’s Trophic State Index
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Linh , Nguyen Thi Thu Ha , Nguyen Thien Phuong Thao , Pham Quang Vinh
Published: September 2021

The water quality of Suoi Hai reservoir, the largest reservoir in Hanoi city, is being threatened by human activities of the surrounding area, as reported by the press. The trophic status of the reservoir is the result of both natural eutrophication and nutrient inputs from anthropogenic sources, particularly the leachate from a lakeside waste treatment plant. This study aims to identify the trophic status of the Suoi Hai reservoir and the changes of water trophic state over space and time. Data of chlorophyll-a concentration, total phosphorus, and Secchi disk depth from 51 sites during three field campaigns in October 2019, August 2020, and March 2021 was used to calculate Carlson’s trophic state index (CTSI). Resultant CTSI (ranged from 60 to 72) allows classifying Suoi Hai reservoir as highly eutrophic water. Its variations in space and time provided evidence for an influence of anthropogenic activities on the reservoir trophic state. Analysis of the trophic state index deviations suggested that total phosphorus is the key factor that influenced the reservoir trophic state. Therefore, managing the anthropogenic nutrient inputs load to the reservoir should be a critical task to control eutrophication in Suoi Hai Reservoir at present.
Antioxidant capacity, antitopoisomerase activity and secondary metabolites identification in extracts of Cherimoya pulp (Annona cherimola Mill)
Authors: Razura-Carmona F. F. , Montalvo-González E. , Ramírez-Mares M. V. , Bueno-Durán A. Y. , Sáyago-Ayerdi S. G. , Zamora Gasga V. M. , Sánchez-Burgos J. A.
Published: September 2021

Annonaceae, like Annona cherimola Mill., are recognized by alternative medicine for their therapeutic properties, but little is known about the compounds that can provide such activity.Because the edible portion of this fruit is the pulp, in this work the antioxidant capacity was evaluated through an organic aqueous extraction and the antitopoisomerase activity in ethanol (ME) and ethyl acetate (MA) extracts of cherimoya pulp lyophilized, finally the active extract was characterized by gas chromatography coupled to masses (GC/MS). The cherimoya pulp showed a concentration of total soluble phenols (TSP) of 145.5713 mg GAE / g, in the ABTS▪ + assay (128.6991 µg TE/g) and in the FRAP assay (43.7257 mM TE/g). We proved that MA extract inhibits the clonal expansion of a mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by inhibition of topoisomerase I (22 %). The characterization of the MA extract by GC/MS revealed the presence of two diterpenes of the family of Kaurenes (kauran-15-ol and kauran-16-ol) and gummiferolic acid, which have demonstrated antiproliferative activity through the inhibition of topoisomerases in other studies. In this way, it was possible to elucidate a probable mechanism through which the pulp of this fruit has a healthy effect due to its antioxidant capacity and the presence of secondary metabolites with the capacity of inhibit the topoisomerase I activity.
Potassium fertilization in pineapple fruit quality
Authors: Cunha Jéssica Morais , Freitas Marta Simone Mendonça , Carvalho Almy Junior Cordeiro de , Caetano Luiz Carlos Santos , Vieira Marlene Evangelista , Peçanha Diego Alves
Published: September 2021

Abstract Potassium is a mineral nutrient that affects the growth and quality of pineapple fruits. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of ‘Vitória’ pineapple fruits submitted to application of potassium doses. The experiment was carried out from May 2017 to November 2018, in the municipality of São Francisco do Itabapoana (RJ), Brazil. The design was randomized blocks, with four replicates. Treatments were five K2O doses: 0; 6; 12; 18 and 24 g plant-1, applied as KCl, split into two applications after flower induction. Fruit and crown fresh masses, fruit and crown diameters, fruit and crown lengths, titratable acidity, soluble solids, vitamin C, juice pH and soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio were evaluated. Potassium fertilization promoted greater fruit length, diameter and mass. Titratable acidity, soluble solids and vitamin C values increased linearly as a function of potassium doses. Potassium fertilization improves the quality of ‘Vitória’ pineapple fruits under field conditions.
Capacidade de exercício e nível de atividade física diária de crianças e adolescentes com fibrose cística: associação com estado nutricional, função pulmonar, hospitalização e uso de antibióticos
Authors: Silva Leticia Tosts da , Pereira Ramon da Silva , Vidal Pamela , Liberato Fernanda Mayrink Gonçalves , Arpini Luana da Silva Baptista , Barbosa Roberta Ribeiro Batista
Published: September 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a capacidade de exercício e nível de atividade física diária de crianças e adolescentes com fibrose cística e associar com estado nutricional, função pulmonar, tempo de hospitalização e uso de antibióticos. Trata-se de estudo transversal em indivíduos com fibrose cística entre 6 e 18 anos, registrando-se informações sobre perfil clínico, histórico de hospitalizações e uso de antibióticos. Os participantes foram submetidos à espirometria, bioimpedância, avaliação da capacidade de exercício com teste de Shuttle modificado (MST), o nível da atividade física foi medido por meio do questionário internacional de atividade física (IPAQ) e usando acelerômetro por 5 dias. Participaram 30 indivíduos com idade de 11,2 ± 3,6 anos e volume expirado forçado (VEF1) de 68,0 ± 24,8%. A mediana da distância percorrida no MST foi de 820 metros (66,3%) e demonstrou associação com a função pulmonar (r = 0,78), estado nutricional (r = 0,38), tempo de hospitalização (r = -0,42) e uso de antibióticos (r = -0,46). De acordo com o questionário, 20 pacientes (64,6%) foram classificados como sedentários, o acelerômetro revelou que os indivíduos passam 354,2 minutos em atividades sedentárias e apenas 14,9 minutos em atividades moderadas a vigorosas por dia. Quanto maior a porcentagem de tempo em atividade física moderada a vigorosa, maior o índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e menor o tempo de hospitalização. Assim, a capacidade de exercício e nível de atividade física em crianças e adolescentes com fibrose cística apresentou-se reduzida e associada com menores valores de IMC e aumento do tempo de hospitalização.
The Discourse Genre and the Dispute Over the Forms of (Re)Construction of Social Practices
Authors: Ferretti Vanessa Arlésia de Souza
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT This article aims to discuss how the (co-)construction of discourse genre shows disputes over the (re)construction of social reality. To accomplish this, a theoretical review is done, bringing the Bakhtinian postulates closer to those of Critical Discourse Analysis, in the formulation of Critical Genre Analysis. A socio-educational group session (sessão de grupo socioeducativo) for men who have committed violence against women is analyzed, illustrating the discursive dispute regarding the constituent frame of the genre’s theme. The data analyzed was generated over 12 months of ethnographic research field work. The discussion allows us to perceive the open nature of language and practices, made intelligible through critical analysis of discourse genres, and points to essential openings in the political struggle for social change.
Autopercepção do ponto de constrição da língua nas fricativas alveolares em mulheres jovens com posicionamento de língua normal e alterado
Authors: Abreu Ana Clara Varella , Gurgel Júlio de Araújo , Rodrigues Luciana Lessa , Genaro Katia Flores , Avelar Débora dos Santos , Chagas Eduardo Federighi Baisi , Marino Viviane Cristina de Castro
Published: September 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a autopercepção do ponto de constrição da língua na produção de [s] e [z] por jovens monolíngues com posicionamento de língua normal e alterado. Método Três fonoaudiólogas analisaram gravações de fala em vídeo de 49 mulheres, com idades entre 18 e 28 anos (média=20 anos e 7 meses), classificando-as em: Grupo 1, (G1, n=25), com ausência de alterações no posicionamento de língua na produção de [s] e [z] e Grupo 2 (G2, n=24), com alterações no posicionamento de língua nestes fones. A autopercepção do ponto de constrição da língua foi investigada questionando cada jovem sobre o local em que sua ponta da língua encostava (apical, laminal ou “outros ajustes”) ao produzir [s] e [z] na leitura de palavras e pseudopalavras. O teste de Friedman, com comparações par a par posteriores, foi utilizado para análise intragrupo. O teste de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para as comparações entre grupos. Adotou-se nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Em G1 houve relatos de ponto de constrição apical e laminal enquanto em G2 houve estes relatos, e também de outros ajustes de língua. A presença de outros ajustes da língua diferenciou G1 e G2 (p=0,002). Em G1, houve diferença significativa entre [s] e [z], sendo que o ponto laminal ocorreu com mais frequência em [s] do que em [z]. Conclusão Jovens com posicionamento de língua normal e alterado relataram pontos de constrição da língua apical e laminal em fricativas alveolares. Porém, outros ajustes de língua foram percebidos diante de posicionamento de língua alterado.
Construyendo y entendiendo la ocupación en contextos privados de libertad: experiencias de familias con hijos en situación de discapacidad en campamentos de refugiados
Authors: Cantero-Garlito Pablo , Rodríguez-Hernández Marta , Cipriano-Crespo Carmen
Published: September 2021

Resumen Introducción Desde la Terapia Ocupacional se ha prestado una especial atención a la descripción y el análisis de las ocupaciones que tienen lugar en contextos de mayor vulnerabilidad y precariedad social en los que el desempeño y la participación ocupacional en condiciones de salud, bienestar y sentido personal pueden verse comprometidos de forma significativa. Objetivo Describir y explicar la ocupación desde un enfoque cultural en familias con hijos en situación de discapacidad que residen en un contexto privado de libertad como son los campamentos de refugiados saharauis. Método Estudio descriptivo transversal, de naturaleza etnográfica, realizado en los campamentos de refugiados saharauis de Tindouf (Argelia). Resultados En los campamentos, el tiempo invertido en el desarrollo de las actividades de la vida diaria dista mucho de occidente, partiendo de que el propio concepto ‘tiempo’ presenta un significado muy distinto. Los quehaceres diarios de los saharauis están marcados por tres “tiempos”: (1) la luz del sol, (2) el rezo y (3) la hora del té, siendo las dos últimas las ocupaciones más significativas de la población refugiada. El significado de la cultura parecía ser una parte integral de la práctica profesional, así como las circunstancias vitales con las que convivían las familias con miembros en situación de discapacidad. Conclusión La Terapia Ocupacional debe verse interpelada a ofrecer oportunidades de vida cotidiana más digna para todas las personas, apoyando y protegiendo los derechos de participación ocupacional de todos los sujetos, especialmente de aquellos que experimentan situaciones de mayor vulnerabilidad.
The (dis)obedient occupational therapist: A reflection on dissent against disciplinary propaganda
Authors: Turcotte Pier-Luc , Holmes Dave
Published: September 2021

Abstract Introduction Despite struggling to establish itself as an autonomous profession, occupational therapy remains extensively regulated and controlled by discursive authorities inside and outside the discipline. After overcoming the profession’s reformist ideals, the military governance that supported its rapid expansion morphed into civil institutions but both were based on similar grounds: occupational therapists should obey a strict set of rules while disobedience and dissent are consistently repressed or silenced. Objective The objective of this article is to deconstruct dominant (consensual) discourses that shape the status quo in occupational therapy and envision alternative paths for the development of the discipline. Method Drawing on the work of Erich Fromm and Jacques Rancière, we propose a (critical) theoretical analysis of the concepts of disobedience and dissensus as they apply to occupational therapists. Results The concepts of disobedience (Fromm) and dissensus (Rancière) can be used to revisit the consensus shaped by discursive authorities inside and outside occupational therapy and expose the political nature of such processes. We argue that remaining oppressive forces similar to those of a warfare regime persist in regulating occupational therapy practice and knowledge by enacting a form of ‘disciplinary propaganda.’ Rather than threatening the development of the discipline, disobedience and dissensus constitute critical responses to disrupt dominant discourses and give rise to healthier concepts. Conclusion The use of politically charged terms such as disobedience or dissensus can be seen as controversial and unsettling for a profession like occupational therapy but we believe they are necessary for the future of our discipline.
LOS GRUPOS DE RENOVACIÓN DE LA ENSEÑANZA DE LAS MATEMÁTICAS EN ESPAÑA
Authors: Astudillo Maria Teresa González
Published: September 2021

RESUMEN Los grupos de renovación de enseñanza de las matemáticas surgen en España a mediados de los años 70 del siglo XX. Inicialmente, eran grupos muy locales que, a través de las relaciones que establecieron entre ellos y con educadores de otros países mostraron una forma diferente de enseñar las matemáticas, en la que se nota la influencia de las corrientes internacionales. En este artículo se hace un repaso de los grupos más reconocidos y se muestran sus ideas acerca de la enseñanza-aprendizaje de las matemáticas a través de una de sus publicaciones.
SANGIORGI: A SISTEMATIZAÇÃO DE SABERES DOCENTES NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES
Authors: França Denise Medina , Santos Edilene Simões Costa dos
Published: September 2021

RESUMO Este artigo verifica se Osvaldo Sangiorgi foi um expert no ensino de matemática em tempos da Matemática Moderna. Fundamentado em pesquisas sócio-históricas, analisamos manuais pedagógicos e artigos por meio dos elementos: reconhecimento pelos pares; apropriação de concepções educacionais que circularam em nível internacional; convocação pelo Estado para a resolução de problemas técnicos; sistematização de saberes no âmbito educacional; e circulação desses saberes. Concluímos que Sangiorgi sistematizou saberes a ensinar e para ensinar referentes à matemática abordada como estrutura.
Investigating the diversity of fish parasites in the floodplain of the upper Paraná River: a long-term ecological monitoring
Authors: Silva João Otávio Santos , Lehun Atsler Luana , Rodrigues Aparecida de Fátima Cracco , Cavalcanti Lidiany Doreto , Nicola Danilo Nunes , Hasuike Wagner Toshio , Takemoto Ricardo Massato
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Aim The aim of this study was to present the description of new species of fish parasites in native and non-native hosts and the parasite interaction / host, available in studies for 37 years in the upper Paraná River floodplain. Methods The sampling described in this study is part of a scientometric methodology, in which specific query expressions were used, together with the database available in the Nupelia Sector Library, through Theses and Dissertations. Results A total of 44 species of parasites belonging to different groups were described for 27 species of fish of different orders. In these 37 years of studies, an increase 68% was observed in the number of parasite species, presenting a richness of 201 species in the floodplain, being: Monogenea, Digenea, Nematoda and Cestoda are the groups that present the largest records of species. More than 80 hosts have their parasite fauna registered and most studies are carried out with species of native hosts in the floodplain, being Prochilodus lineatus the host with the highest number of records. Conclusions Parasitological studies are an important scientific tool for understanding the dynamics of ecological interactions in the natural environment, and knowledge of this diversity of organisms is continuous and necessary, and the results of the monitoring carried out in the floodplain during the last 37 years only reinforce this with a constant increase in the description of new species and new records of parasite-host interactions. In times of constant environmental loss and habitat fragmentation, it is of utmost importance to care for and preserve floodplains to maintain biodiversity.
Avaliação Educacional: o Saeb, seus pressupostos, finalidades e repercussões
Authors: Borges Ana Paula Nogueira Rocha , Almeida Shirley Patrícia Nogueira de Castro e , Santana Kátia Cristina Lima
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo versa sobre o Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb), tendo em vista sua incidência na (re)formulação de Políticas Públicas Educacionais no Brasil. Compreendendo seu papel de precursor dos exames de aferição do desempenho dos estudantes e das redes de ensino, nosso objetivo nesse trabalho foi analisar os documentos oficiais que tratam da organização, das características e funções do Saeb, por meio de análise documental dos marcos de referência – Versão 1.0 (2018), acompanhada de uma revisão de literatura. Os resultados indicam que o Saeb traz consigo nuances da ideologia neoliberal ao estabelecer um padrão de competência a ser alcançado pelos estudantes, desconsiderando o contexto social em que estão inseridos, bem como se submete à lógica da produtividade, com consequente ranqueamento das escolas participantes. O estudo aponta que os mecanismos de avaliação devem garantir o ensino de qualidade a todos, respeitadas as necessidades específicas de cada estudante e escola, bem como os dados quantitativos devem ser utilizados como tomada de decisão para as práticas pedagógicas.
CURRENT STATUS AND PROBLEMS OF ORGANIZATION OF TRAINING ONLINE
Authors:   Osh State University, Zulpukarova Damira , Kaldybaev Salidin ,   Alatoo International University
Published: September 2021

The article will focus on the status and problems of online learning in a pandemic. Provides information on the means of communication used during online training: Internet services, educational platforms. We will also discuss the learning process, feedback from students, their performance and the implementation of the given training materials during this period. We will focus on how the student learned the material, what problems arose during the training, in order to determine the level of knowledge, skills and competencies of the student.
FORMATIVE EVALUATION AS A MEANS OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF KNOWLEDGE OF STUDENTS IN PRIMARY CLASSES
Authors:   Kyrgyz Academy of Education, Kadyrova Ziada
Published: September 2021

At the elementary school of Kyrgyzstan, new types of assessment of learning outcomes are actively being introduced. Stormy discussion causes problems with the use of formative assessment in the classroom. Methodists note the positive role of various formative assessment strategies. In the article, the author proposes strategies for formative assessment in elementary school lessons. Tips for teachers to successfully apply strategies are offered. It is shown that the proposed strategies allow the elementary school teacher to achieve good results in teaching subjects. At the end of the article, the author gives recommendations for the successful application of formative assessment strategies that can contribute to ensuring the quality of education in primary school.
ROLE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT’S CREATIVE ABILITIES
Authors:   Alatoo International University, Altynbilek Ismail
Published: September 2021

This article discusses the modern education system, strengthening the requirements for teachers to educate the individual as free, creative, cultural and active, as well as the current role of the development of creative abilities in students. Also, based on scientists’ researches, the meaning and content of concepts such as creativity, creative activity, ability, and the fact that these concepts provide an opportunity to define the concept of “student's creative ability” are written. It was found out that creative ability is a complex of individual psychological features that successfully allow you to implement actions that meet all the requirements for creating material and spiritual values, as well as for inventing new products and findings. In the framework of the study of issues on the restoration and development of students' creative abilities, the components of students' creative abilities development are presented.
Dependence of the dielectric properties of barium titanate ceramics and a composite based on it on the sintering temperature
Authors: Malyshkina O. V. , Ivanova A. I. , Shishkov Gr. S. , Martyanov A. A.
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we compare the structure and dielectric properties of the samples of barium titanate ceramics that have been sintered at temperatures of 1100, 1150, 1200, 1250 and 1350 °C and dielectric characteristics of the samples of barium titanate (80 vol.%) — barium ferrite (20 vol.%). It is shown that only samples sintered at the temperature of 1250 and 1350 °C have polarization sufficient for the existence of the piezoelectric effect. For the same samples, the pyroelectric coefficient and reversal polarization significantly exceed those for samples sintered at lower temperatures. Analysis of the samples structure confirmed the dependence of the dielectric properties of the barium titanate ceramics on the grain size and, as a consequence, on the sintering temperature. Based on the studies carried out, the optimal temperature (1250 °С) for obtaining composite samples of barium titanate (80 vol.%) — barium ferrite (20 vol.%) was selected. The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant for the composite samples based on barium ferrite — barium titanate with a sintering temperature of 1250 °C is similar to the dependence for the BaTiO3 ceramic samples sintered at 1350 °C. At room temperatures, the permittivity of the composite samples is also significantly higher than that of the barium titanate ceramic samples obtained at the same sintering temperatures. The addition of barium ferrite to the barium titanate not only increased the permittivity of the composite, but also led to a diffusing of the ferroelectric phase transition and a shift in the temperature of the maximum of the dielectric constant by 10 degrees towards high temperatures.