bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indices of peroxidation of lipids of biological membranes and endogenous intoxication in patients with psoriasis on the background of chronic viral hepatitis С
Authors: Marzhokhova M. Yu. , Hussein Ashour Ahmad Mahmud , Marzhokhova A. R.
Published: April 2019

Aim. To study the features of lipid peroxidation of biological membranes and accumulation of toxic metabolites in the body of patients with psoriasis, depending on the presence of concomitant chronic viral hepatitis C.Materials and methods. In the survey, participated 56 patients with a vulgar form of psoriasis who received in-patient treatment at the Nalchik skin clinic in 2016–2017, divided into 2 groups, depending on the presence of concomitant chronic viral hepatitis C. In patients, the content of malonic dialdehyde in blood was determined as an indicator of the state of the prooxidant system, ceruloplasmin and erythrocyte catalase, as indicators of antioxidant protection, and also for the evaluation of the Intoxication Syndrome; the level of substances of low and medium molecular mass and oligopeptides in the biological environments of the organism in different periods of the disease.Results. It was found that the presence of concomitant chronic viral hepatitis C in patients with psoriasis was characterized by a more pronounced increase in the concentration of lipid peroxidation products than in the group of patients with hepatitis without psoriasis, accompanied by a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the blood plasma and an increase in the activity of catalase in erythrocytes. Simultaneously, the presence of chronic hepatitis C led to a significantly higher content in the body fluids of patients with low and medium molecular weight substances and oligopeptides.
Experience in the treatment of psoriasis patients using Apremilast, a selective signalling pathway inhibitor
Authors: Kungurov N. V. , Zilberberg N. V. , Kokhan M. M. , Keniksfest J. V. , Grishaeva E. V.
Published: April 2019

The article presents a brief description of Аpremilast — the target synthetic anti-inflammatory drug, which is representative of a new class of agents for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The efficiency and safety of the new drug in the treatment of patients with severe psoriasis are shown.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Water-Gas Shift Activity of Nano-Particulate Mixed-Metal (Al, Ti) Cobalt Oxides
Authors: Wolf Moritz , Roberts Stephen J. , Olivier Ezra J. , Luchters Niels T. J. , Gibson Emma K. , Catlow C. Richard A. , Neethling Jan. H. , Fischer Nico , Claeys Michael
Published: April 2019

The formation of mixed-metal cobalt oxides, representing potential metal-support compounds for cobalt-based catalysts, has been observed at high conversion levels in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over metal oxide-supported cobalt catalysts. An often observed increase in the carbon dioxide selectivity at Fischer Tropsch conversion levels above 80% has been suggested to be inter-linked to the formation of water-gas shift active oxidic cobalt species. Mixed-metal cobalt oxides, namely cobalt aluminate and cobalt titanate, were therefore synthesised and tested for potential catalytic activity towards the water-gas shift reaction. We present a preparation route for amorphous mixed-metal oxides via thermal treatment of metal precursors in benzyl alcohol. Calcination of the as prepared nanoparticles results in highly crystalline phases. The nano-particulate mixed-metal cobalt oxides were thoroughly analysed by means of X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction, X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy, and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy. This complementary characterisation of the synthesised materials allows for a distinct identification of the phases and their properties. The cobalt aluminate prepared has a cobalt-rich composition (Co1+xAl2-xO4) with a homogeneous atomic distribution throughout the nano-particulate structures, while the perovskite-type cobalt titanate (CoTiO3) features cobalt-lean smaller particles being associated with larger ones with an increased concentration of cobalt. The cobalt aluminate prepared showed no water-gas shift activity in the medium-shift temperature range, while the cobalt titanate sample was shown to catalyse the conversion of water and carbon monoxide to hydrogen and carbon dioxide after an extended activation period. However, this perovskite underwent vast restructuring forming metallic cobalt, a known catalyst for the water-gas shift reaction at temperatures exceeding typical conditions for the cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and anatase-TiO2 via a partial reduction of the mixed-metal cobalt oxide and segregation as identified by means of post-run X-ray diffraction.
Floral biology of Adolphia infesta and the reproductive profile of Colletieae (Rhamnaceae)
Authors: Medan Diego , Castillo-Campos Gonzalo , Zarlavsky Gabriela
Published: April 2019

The reproduction of the shrub Adolphia infesta was studied in a population included in a Mexican agricultural landscape with small, cultivated plots and fragments of natural habitat. Adolphia infesta had reproductive traits consistent with those known for its tribe Colletieae, including small zoophilous flowers exposed to both xenogamous, geitonogamous and visitor-facilitated intrafloral pollination, with selfing being at least partially hindered by self-incompatibility. Visual and olfactory cues, together with easily accessible rewards (nectar and pollen), explain the diversity (68 species of 29 families) of insects attracted to the flowers. However, only a small subset can be considered potential pollinators (honeybee and three muscoid flies). In late floral development, pedicel bending brings the developing fruit to an upright position, which might later optimise explosive seed dispersal. The finding of this trait in A. infesta makes fruit erection a synapomorphy of the Adolphia – Discaria – Kentrothamnus clade of the tribe Colletieae. At the study site, A. infestaplayed a significant role as food source for the local anthophilous insect community, and through its flower visitors, the plant was indirectly connected to 11 other plant species. Knowledge derived from community studies should be applied in conservation initiatives directed at enhancing farmers’ appreciation of extant local biodiversity.
Breeding system of Linum rigidum and effect of heterospecific pollen from introduced Euphorbia esula
Authors: Montgomery Benjamin R , Phillips Caleb W.
Published: April 2019

This study investigates the reproductive biology of, and effect of heterospecific pollen from introduced Euphorbia esula on, Linum rigidum, an annual plant native to western and central North America. Breeding-system studies revealed that L. rigidum is self-compatible, with similar pollination success, fruit set and seed set for flowers pollinated with self or outcrossed pollen. Untreated flowers not exposed to pollinators set seed, albeit at a lower rate than hand-pollinated flowers, indicating that L. rigidum can autonomously self pollinate. Experiments investigating whether heterospecific pollen transfer from E. esula interferes with pollination of L. rigidum indicated that large amounts of heterospecific pollen receipt 2 - 4 hours prior to conspecifc pollen receipt reduced fruit and seed production, but that small amounts of heterospecific pollen or larger amounts received immediately prior to conspecific pollen did not affect reproduction. Pollen of E. esula was observed to germinate on and penetrate into L. rigidum stigmas and styles. Nevertheless, Euphorbia esula is unlikely to interfere with L. rigidum’s reproduction because L. rigidum is self-compatible, capable of autonomous self-pollination, and unaffected by receipt of small amounts of Euphorbia pollen.
Using the Literature to Test Pollination Syndromes — Some Methodological Cautions
Authors: Ollerton Jeff , Rech André Rodrigo , Waser Nickolas M. , Price Mary V.
Published: April 2019

“Pollination syndromes” are specific combinations of floral traits that are proposed to evolve convergently across angiosperm lineages in response to different types of animal pollinators. In spite of their long history, pollination syndromes have not been tested adequately–they rarely have been examined critically to determine how well they describe floral trait diversity or predict pollinators. In a recent meta-analysis of data from the literature, Rosas-Guerrero et al. (2014) provide a welcome test that draws on insights from past studies. At the same time, their study illustrates several difficulties of meta-analysis approaches in general, and for pollination biology in particular. Here we discuss those difficulties and propose some solutions. We first consider how to gather studies from the literature without introducing unintended bias, such as the old-fashioned method of working backward from cited literature. We next consider how to deal with difficulties that invariably arise when extracting and analyzing often-incomplete information from heterogeneous studies. Finally we discuss issues of interpreting and presenting the results in the most informative manner. We conclude that although Rosas-Guerrero et al. (2014) and other studies such as Ollerton et al. (2009) have arrived at different conclusions about the utility of pollination syndromes, their results are not necessarily incompatible.
The floral bat lure dimethyl disulphide does not attract the palaeotropical Dawn bat
Authors: Carter Gerald G , Stewart Alyssa B
Published: April 2019

In the neotropics, dimethyl disulphide (DMDS) is innately attractive to flower-visiting bats, and acts as a powerful bat lure in the scent bouquets of many bat-pollinated flowers. At first, DMDS appeared to be part of a general bat pollination syndrome. However, DMDS is absent in many bat-pollinated flowers of West Africa, and it is unclear whether palaeotropical flower-visiting bats are also attracted to it. Furthermore, DMDS was previously observed in neotropical, but not palaeotropical, populations of Ceiba pentandra (Malvaceae, Bombacoideae). We tested for an attraction to DMDS in the most common flower-visiting bat in Thailand, the dawn bat Eonycteris spelaea. We gave bats choices of Ceiba pentandra flowers, where one random flower was scented with DMDS. Rather than preferring the DMDS-treated flower, 21 of 22 bats chose an untreated flower, showing no attraction to DMDS. Alongside past evidence, this result suggests that the role of DMDS in bat pollination syndromes may result from an adaptive convergence that is limited to the neotropics. This hypothesis could be tested through comparative studies of (1) attraction across bats, (2) floral DMDS presence across bat-pollinated plants in Asia, and (3) floral DMDS measures across New and Old World populations of Ceiba pentandra.
Jangkauan Hukum Nasional terhadap Prostitusi Daring
Authors: Kristiyanto Eko Noer
Published: April 2019

Prostitusi daring adalah keniscayaan ketika teknologi dan akses internet semakin masif dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Prostitusi apapun bentuknya seringkali menimbulkan keresahan karena dianggap melanggar norma-norma yang berlaku. Hukum dianggap mampu menjadi solusi untuk menanggulangi persoalan ini. Penelitian ini mencoba menjelaskan eksistensi prostitusi daring dan sejauh mana hukum nasional mampu menjangkau aktivitas prostitusi daring. Ternyata walau tidak ada aturan yang spesifik terkait prostitusi daring namun aparat penegak hukum tetap dapat menjerat para pelaku ketika kondisi-kondisi tertentu terpenuhi.
Analisa Kebutuhan Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan Balai Pemasyarakatan (BAPAS) Bandung
Authors: Nugroho Trisapto Agung
Published: April 2019

Wilayah kerja Balai Pemasyarakatan (Bapas) yang terlalu luas, belum dibangunnya Bapas di setiap kabupaten/kota, baru 71 satuan kerja Bapas, belum memadainya jumlah Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan (613), distribusi yang belum proporsional dengan 11.708 penelitian masyarakat, menjadi permasalahan yang menghambat pelaksanaan pelayanan dan pembinaan pemasyarakatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kebutuhan Balai Pemasyarakatan dan Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan berdasarkan Permenkumham Nomor 15 Tahun 2015 tentang Pedoman Penilaian Pengubahan Kelas Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pemasyarakatan dan mengetahui jumlah Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan di Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Bandung berdasarkan Permenkumham Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pedoman Penghitungan Jabatan Fungsional Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang digunakan ada primer yaitu wawancara dengan informan di Direktorat Jenderal Pemasyarakatan dan Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Bandung sedangkan data sekunder berdasarkan penelusuran pada situs http://smslap.ditjenpas.go.id/, literatur, artikel dan jurnal serta peraturan perundang-undangan. Data diolah dan dianalisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Bapas Kelas I Bandung sudah mempertimbangkan volume kebutuhan dan persebaran yang didasarkan pada rasio perbandingan jumlah klien dan ketersediaan perkara dengan kebutuhan fungsional Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan yaitu dengan nilai 83.51%. Sedangkan persebaran Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan yaitu Tingkat Pertama sebanyak 15 orang; Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan Tingkat Muda sebanyak 47 orang dan untuk Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan Tingkat Madya sebanyak 5 orang.
PENGARUH PROMOSI JABATAN DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. PERWITA MARGASAKTI JAKARTA
Authors: Harini Sri , Damayanti Silviana
Published: April 2019

Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) ialah aset yang sangat penting, terutama bagi organisasi maupun perusahaan. Mengingat besarnya peran dari Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dalam suatu organisasi maupun perusahaan, sudah sepantasnya apabila suatu organisasi atau perusahaan memperhatikan semua aspek-aspek mengenai Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM). Dalam meningkatkan kepuasan kerja berbagai cara dapat dilakukan misalnya, dengan pemberian kompensasi dan promosi jabatan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh promosi jabatan dan kompensasi terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan pada PT. Perwita Margasakti. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Populasi yang digunakan adalah  karyawan perusahaan yang secara keseluruhan berjumlah 79 orang karyawan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan promosi jabatan dan kompensasi secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja. Secara parsial promosi jabatan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja, dan kompensasi juga berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja.Kata Kunci : Promosi Jabatan, Kompensasi, Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan
tugas 4 marina ainy
Authors: ainy marina
Published: April 2019

Pengertian RoutingRouting merupakan kata kerja darirouteyang berarti jalan atau jalur. Routingberarti menjalankan atau menjalurkan sesuatu. sedangkan Pengertian routingdalam jaringan komputer adalah proses penerusan paketdata, dari satu jaringan ke jaringan lainnya melalui sebuahInternetwork .Internetwork adalah sebuah istilah yang mengacu pada penghubungan antara duabuah segmen jaringan atau lebih dengan menggunakan sebuah router, sehinggaterbuatlah satu buah jaringan yang lebih besar. Paket-paket yang datang dari salahsatu jaringan yang tergabung dengan internetwork akan diteruskan ke jaringantujuannya oleh router, dengan menggunakan proses routing. Teknik ini jugamerupakan teknik yang sama yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan antar jaringandi dalam jaringan Internet.Routing juga dapat merupakan sebuah metode penggabungan beberapa jaringansehingga paket-paket data dapat hinggap dari satu jaringan ke jaringan lainnyadapat dilanjutkan sehingga data dapat terkirim. Untuk melakukan hal ini,digunakanlah sebuah perangkat jaringan yang disebut sebagai router. Router-routertersebut akan menerima paket-paket yang ditujukan ke jaringan di luar jaringanyang pertama, dan akan meneruskan paket yang ia terima kepada router lainnyahingga sampai kepada tujuannya.Proses pembagian jalur-jalur pada relay, secara garis besar dilakukan melalui sistembuka-tutup atau yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan sistem relay (saklar). Sistemsaklar akan membuka jalur apabila jalur tersebut kosong atau tidak digunakan danakan menutup jalur apabila sibuk atau digunakan. Itulah sebabnya, kenapa routerlebih efisien dalam hal networking.Kata Kunci : Penjelasan Osf Pada Routing
TUGAS 2 Audit system keamanan penyadap di Indosat Ooredoo 2019 MATAKULIAH AUDIT SISTEM INFORMASI
Authors: Wahyudi
Published: April 2019

Sesuai dengan UU No 36 Tahun 1999 tentang Telekomunikasi, Indosat hanya menyediakan fasilitas penyadapan kepada Aparat Penegak Hukum. Tidak hanya itu, seluruh perangkat Indosat telah memiliki sertifikat dari Kementerian Kominfo sesuai PM No. 29 Tahun 2008 tentang Sertifikasi Alat dan Perangkat Telekomunikasi dan sebagaimana telah disebutkan di atas bahwa keamanan jaringan Indosat sudah berstandar internasional sesuai ISO 27001.
klarisaanugrah_175100018_Jenis-jenis routing
Authors: anugrah klarisa
Published: April 2019

Perkembangan IT saat ini menuju dengan konsep-kosenp social networkingnya. Saat ini terdapat trend teknologi yang masih terus digali dalam penelitian-penelitian para pakar IT di dunia, yaitu Cloud Computing.Apabila jaringan memiliki lebih dari satu kemungkinan rute untuk tujuan yang sama maka perlu digunakan dynamic routing. Sebuah dynamic routing dibangun berdasarkan informasi yang dikumpulkan oleh protokol routing.Protokol routng didesain tidak hanya untuk mengubah ke rute backup bila rute utama tidak berhasil, namun juga didesain untuk menentukan rute mana yang terbaik untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. Router saling bertukar informasi routing agar dapat mengetahui alamat tujuan dan menerima tabel routing. Pemeliharaan jalur dilakukan oleh Routing Dinamik.Kata Kunci : JENIS-JENIS ROUTING
The HCT Index: A Typology and Index of Health Conspiracy Theories with examples of use
Authors: Stubbersfield Joseph Michael , Widger Tom , Russell Andrew , Tehrani Jamshid J.
Published: April 2019

Conspiracy theories about secret agendas behind vaccination programmes, the side effects of medical treatments, and cover-ups by the government or pharmaceutical industry are prevalent in many countries, and can have highly detrimental and far-reaching effects on people’s wellbeing. For, research and policy-making in public health, it is therefore vital to understand the nature, construction and dissemination of these health conspiracy theories (HCTs). Inspired by the influential ATU index of folktale types, this paper presents a typology and example index of international HCTs to be used as a tool to enable researchers to identify and categorise HCTs they come across, and to provide a pool of examples of HCTs which could be used in various fields of research. Also presented are two studies which used the HCT Index as a source of material. The first, a survey of HCT exposure and belief in the UK found that both familiarity and belief were high: 97% of Britons are familiar (having heard the same or similar before) with at least one HCT and 49% of Britons believed that at least one HCT was likely to be true. Demographic influences are also discussed. The second study, a focus group discussion health rumours in rural Sri Lanka, found concerns over threats to fertility as well as how to verify information that falls outside of typical experience.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM LAKU PANDAI DI BRI SYARIAH KANTOR CABANG MALANG
Authors: ijieb  , Misbahuddin Jahuar Fikri
Published: April 2019

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi laku pandai di BRI syariah kantor cabang malang udah sesuai peraturan OJK. dampak yang didapat yaitu mendorong pertumbuhan inklusi keuangan serta literasi keuangan di malang. selain itu dengan adanya laku pandai juga mendorong prningkatan dana pihak ketiga BRI syariah kantor cabang Malang
INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING (IPO) TERHADAP PERUSAHAAN RINTISAN (STARTUP) DI INDONESIA
Authors: ijieb  , Harahap Anggi Purnama , Hasibuan Rahmad Ramadhan , Candanni Lupitta Risma
Published: April 2019

Abstrak.Tulisan ini akan membahas tetang mekanisme penawaran umum perdana/initial public offering (IPO) untuk perusahaan startup di Indonesia, dengan objek kasus PT Aplikasi Karya Anak Bangsa Go-Jek yang berencana untuk melakukan penawaran umum perdana dalam waktu dekat. Pembahasan dalam tulisan ini akan menekankan perusahaan startup dan perbandingannya dengan penawaran umum perdana yang dilakukan oleh satu perusahaan biasa (PT Jasa Armada Indonesia, Tbk) dan satu perusahaan startup (PT Kioson Komersial Indonesia, Tbk) di Indonesia pada tahun 2017. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa secara umum, peraturan perusahaan publik dan mengatur penawaran umum perdana dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1995 tentang Pasar Modal serta peraturan terkait lainnya cukup untuk memenuhi persyaratan persyaratan go public untuk perusahaan biasa. Tetapi dengan dimulainya perkembangan perusahaan startup di Indonesia saat ini, terutama dengan PT Aplikasi Karya Anak Bangsa (Go-Jek) berencana untuk melakukan penawaran umum perdana mendorong pemerintah untuk segera melakukan penyesuaian terhadap aturan proses penawaran umum perdana sehingga bahwa pengaturan tersebut tidak hanya akan menjangkau perusahaan-perusahaan biasa yang notabene adalah perusahaan yang lebih besar, tetapi juga dapat menjangkau perusahaan-perusahaan pemula pada tingkat awal yang memainkan peran penting dalam pengembangan ekonomi nasional.
RPP PPKn
Authors: Matondang Rahma Wati
Published: April 2019

Tugas mata kuliah di jurusan pgmi
Uji Efektivitas Katalitik Herbal Ekstrak Rimpang Lengkuas Sebagai Bahan Aktif Penghambat Bakteri Escherichia Coli Terhadap Penyembuhan Diare Pada Balita
Authors: Adawiyah Robiatul
Published: April 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pemanfaatan ekstrak rimpang lengkuas sebagai obat tradisional terhadap penyembuhan diare yang berperan sebagai penghambat bakteri Escherichia coli. Metode yang dilakukan adalah eksprimen dan uji aktivitas katalik secara langsung. Tahapan pertama dilakukan dengan pembuatan ekstrak dari rimpang lengkuas, uji aktifitas langsung dilakukan dengan variasi dua kali sehari. Hasil eksprimen membuktikan bahwa ekstrak rimpang lengkuas dapat menyembuhkan diare dengan kondisi optimum ekstrak rimpang lengkuas diminum sebanyak 6 sendok tecapai pada tiga hari. Penyembuahan ini diduga karena aktiftas katalik ekstrak rimpang lengkuas terhadap penyembuhan diare.
STUDI KATALITIK EKSTRAK DAUN KAPUK RANDU (CEIBA PENTANDRA) UNTUK MENGOBATI PANAS DALAM
Authors: Febrila Putty Zinda
Published: April 2019

Studi ini bertujuan untuk membuat ekstrak daun kapuk randu (Ceiba Pentandra) untuk mengobati panas dalam. Metode yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen dan uji aktivitas katalitik secara langsung. Tahapan pertama yang dilakukan yaitu dengan mencuci daun kapuk randu, dilanjutkan meremas dengan air yang telah matang, lalu disaring, sehingga terbentuk ekstrak dari daun kapuk randu. Uji efektivitas langsung dilakukan dengan variasi jumlah ekstrak yang diminum selama 5 hari . Hasil eksperimen membuktikan bahwa ekstrak daun kapuk randu dapat mengobati panas dalam. Kondisi optimum ekstrak tercapai pada hari ke lima, dengan jumlah ekstrak yang diminum sebanyak 400 ml. Penyembuhan ini diduga karena aktivitas katalitik ekstrak daun kapuk randu terhadap tenggorokan dimana ekstrak daun kapuk randu mengandung polifenol, saponin, hidrat arang, dan flavonoid yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan yang dapat menyembuhkan panas dalam.
KAJIAN KINETIKA KATALITIK HERBAL DARI AIR HASIL REMASAN DAUN KEMBANG SEPATU DALAM MENURUNKAN PANAS DALAM
Authors: Handayani Dewi
Published: April 2019

Studi ini bertujuan untuk membuat air hasil remasan daun kembang sepatu yang dapat menurunkan panas dalam. Metode yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen dan uji aktivitas katalitik secara langsung. Tahapan pertama dilakukan dengan pembuatan air hasil remasan dari daun kembang sepatu. Uji aktifitas katalitik langsung dilakukan dengan variasi selama dua hari. Hasil eksperimen membuktikan bahwa air hasil remasan daun kembang sepatu dapat menurunkan panas dalam. Keadaan optimum dalam air hasil remasan ini tercapai pada jangka pemakaian 4 jam setelah dikonsumsi. Penyembuhan ini diduga karena aktivitas katalitik air hasil remasan daun kembang sepatu cepat bekerja pada pusat panas dalam. Hal ini karena daun kembang sepatu mengandung senyawa yang dapat menurunkan panas dalam yaitu glikosida.
RPP PPKn
Authors: Matondang Rahma Wati
Published: April 2019

Makalah tugas kuliah terstruktur
Why do bilingual code-switch when emotional? Insights from immigrant parent-child interactions
Authors: Williams Aya Inamori , Srinivasan Mahesh , Liu Chang , Lee Pearl , Zhou Qing
Published: April 2019

Previous research has found that bilingual speakers’ first (L1) and second languages (L2) are differentially associated with their emotional experiences. Moreover, bilinguals appear to code-switch (alternate between two or more languages in a single conversation) during emotional episodes. However, prior evidence has been limited to clinical case studies and self-report studies, leaving open the specificity of the link between code-switching (CS) and emotion, and its underlying mechanisms. The present study examined the dynamic associations between CS and facial emotion behavior in a sample of 68 Chinese-American parents and children during a dyadic emotion-inducing puzzle box task. Specifically, bilingual parents’ language use (L1 Chinese or L2 English), CS behavior (L1L2 or L2L1 switches), and facial emotion behavior (positive and negative valence) were coded at each 5-second interval. Multilevel modeling was used to analyze whether facial emotion behavior predicted later CS, and vice versa. We found that negative facial emotion predicted higher subsequent CS in both L1L2 and L2L1 directions, with stronger associations for the L2L1 direction. On the other hand, positive facial emotion was associated with lower contemporaneous L2L1 CS. CS did not predict later facial emotion behavior, suggesting language switching may not have an immediate effect on emotion. The present findings are consistent with the idea that emotional arousal, especially negative arousal, reduces cognitive control and may trigger spontaneous CS. Together, these findings provide insight into why bilingual speakers switch languages during emotional episodes, and hold implications for clinical interventions serving bilingual individuals and families.
Positive Affect and Chronic Pain:A Preregistered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ong Anthony , Thoemmes Felix , Ratner Kaylin , Ghezzi-Kopel Kate , Reid M. Carrington
Published: April 2019

Importance: Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is a significant health burden among adults. Standard behavioral therapies typically focus on targeting negative affect and yield only modest treatment effects. Objective: To systematically review and investigate the association between positive affect (PA) and pain severity among adults with chronic non-cancer pain. Data Sources: Databases search included MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, OLASTER, Open Grey, PeerJ, and PsyArXiv (inception to September 24, 2018). Study Selection: We analyzed studies that: 1) employed a daily diary, longitudinal, laboratory, or intervention study design; 2) enrolled individuals with CNCP (pain ≥ 12 weeks); and 3) reported full quantitative results on outcomes. Data Extraction and Synthesis: At least 2 researchers independently screened articles, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. The main meta-analysis was followed by subgroup analyses. All analyses were performed using random-effects models. Formal tests for heterogeneity (Q-statistic; I2) and publication bias (p-curve and p-uniform*) were performed. Main Outcome: Pain severity. Results: We analyzed 26 studies with 2702 participants. Positive affect was associated with reduced pain severity in both observational and experimental studies. In subgroup analyses, only gender demonstrated a consistent effect: Higher PA was associated with lower pain in observational studies that had higher percentages of female participants. Conclusion and Relevance: Positive affect is associated with a reduction in pain severity, with the strongest association observed among women with CNCP.
Social Class, Power and Husband-Wife Violence in Japan
Authors: Kumagai Fumie
Published: April 2019

Relationships between social class resources. conjugal power and conjugal violence were examined for a sample of Japanese families. Information concerning family structures reported by 635 Japanese high school seniors to the family conflict resolution study questionnaires is the basis of this study. Family structures in Japan reflect the resource theory in cultural context proposed by Rodman. Conjugal power of Japanese families is not affected by the differences in the social class of the family. A low level of conjugal violence is prevalent in Japan across the different social classes. The normative structure of Japanese society and culture approves of women's dominance in the family. Also, the nature of Japanese quiet and nonexpressive cultural orientation does not allow a husband with low prestige to legitimize the male supremacy norm of present society by means of the ultimate resource of violence. Culture seems to be one of the most important factors affecting the relationships between social class, conjugal power and conjugal violence in Japanese society.
The Concept of One-Parent Family
Authors: Trost Jan
Published: April 2019

The concept of one parent family is a heterogenous concept and in this article the phenomenon of the existing bonds after the dissolution of a Primary group are hinted at. A property space analysis including some of the most important variables when looking upon the transmission from a two parent family into a one parent family is presented and discussed.
I Go To ’Tanties’: The Economic Significance Of Child-Shifting in Antigua, West Indies
Authors: Gordon Sally W.
Published: April 2019

Child-shifting or fosterage has elsewhere been noted to occur in the West Indies and, in different forms, throughout the world. The reallocation of dependent or minor children to a household not including a natural parent often benefits tow households, both the child-giver and the child-re ceiver, and does not occur from any lack of affection for the child.

This analysis of child-shifting in Antigua, West Indies describes the custom as an adaptive strategy for household formation or an alternative householdlevel economic strategy related or parallel to pooling of resources. The article argues that in Antigua, households are manipulating household composition in order to manage dependency relative to resources, or equalize this relationship among households within the community. It is a mechanism particularly well suited to an externally-constrained economy with multiple vagaries in which migration is a long-standing and essential economic option.

Futhermore, this analysis tentatively confirms and suggests the value of further testing of Wilk and Nettings hypothesis that when a womans productive tasks outside the household are incompatible with a reproductive strategy requiring high fertility, then the household is more likely to be expanded to include nursemaids or surrogate mothers. In the Antiguan context, high fertility is advantageous as a mechanism for insuring resource multiplicity, i.e., a life-span economic strategy based on increasing accumulation of diverse sources and forms of income, both cash and in-kind. In addition, women can and do exploit the economic niche of migration, a productive activity which clearly necessitates surrogate child caretakers. Thus the West Indian tradition of child-shifting as an element of the normative pattern of household formation allows for substantial elasticity in household morphology and is essentially an economic strategy.
Reuben Hill and the State of Family Sociology
Authors: Adams Bert N.
Published: April 2019

This paper has two foci: it is about Reuben Hills contributions to family sociology, and about the state of family sociology today. Hills contributions to family stress, developmental theory, theory development, and international family study are reviewed in some detail, along with briefer references to other areas in which he researched and wrote. The paper closes with a catalogue of later developments in the family field which he presaged; often with a single comment.
Interracial Marriage and Divorce in Kansas and the Question of Instability of Mixed Marriages
Authors: Monahan Thomas P.
Published: April 2019

Some critical comments on studies of interracial marriage are offered, and caution is urged in using information purporting to disclose the nature of the interracial marriage phen omenon, including United States Census and Vital Statistics data. The legal history of racial intermarriage in Kansas is outlined, and its statistical data upon these events are briefly evaluated.

Beginning with the year 1947, mixed race marriage and divorce statistics for White, Mexican, Negro, Indian, Chinese, Japanese, and Other races in Kansas are presented. The figures show a rather steady rise in the proportion of mixed marriages, but Negroes appear to be the least intermarried of the minority groups and account for less than one-half of mixed marriages. In the late 1960’s about 15 per cent of all the nonwhite marriages (7 per cent for Negroes separately) were mixed. Important differences appear for the several other races.

In Kansas, as in Iowa, mixed Negro marriages probably have been more stable than homogamous Negro marriages. Again, whether or not a certain type of mixed race marriage will endure would seem to depend upon the particular races intermarrying, the social circumstances surrounding them at the time, and the nature of the marital choice itself.
Understanding Black Family Functioning: A Holistic Perspective
Authors: Hill Robert B.
Published: April 2019

This article contends that, in order to enhance knowledge of the functioning of African American families, a holistic perspective must be incorporated by analysts and researchers. This holistic approach is based primarily on the theoretical formulation, offered by Dr. W.E.B. Du Bois in his paper, “The Study of the Negro Problem,” which was presented at the 1898 meeting of the American Academy of Political land Social Science. We contrast the holistic perspective with the conventional or “deficit” treatment of African American families in policy discussions and the research literature. We also briefly examine several conceptual frameworks (such as systems, developmental, ecological, and cultural) that contribute to enhancing our knowledge of Black family life. Moreover, we underscore the importance of examining the separate and combined effects of factors at the societal, community, family, and individual levels on Black family structure and functioning. We also illustrate how the interdisciplinary nature of the holistic approach increases new insights into the functioning of African American families. Finally, we attempt to show how a holistic emphasis on strengths and resilience can enhance the identification of public policies and programs that are likely to strengthen the functioning of African American families.
Unmarried African American Fathers: A Comparative Life Span Analysis
Authors: Bowman Phillip J. , Sanders Reliford
Published: April 2019

Guided by a role strain-adaptation model, this national study focuses on provider role issues among unmarried African American fathers, with emphasis on a comparative life span analysis within three age groups: young (18-34), mid-life (35-54), and older (55 and over). Hierarchical multiple regression on 202 Black unmarried fathers revealed negative links between psychological well-being and objective provider role difficulties, which were exacerbated by risky role perceptions but mitigated by adaptive cultural resources. Findings varied by the psychological particular well-being measure and the specific age of the father. Generally, the model explained more variance in perceived life quality and self-esteem than in global personal efficacy. Comparative analysis found systematic differences in provider role strain-adaptation dynamics across the distinct periods of the adult life course. The model was most robust in predicting personal efficacy, self-esteem and perceived life quality for younger, mid-life, and older fathers, respectively. Both provider role strain and cultural resource variables operated in particular ways for fathers in the three distinct age groups. Results not only have theoretical importance for a life span model of role strainadaptation, but also practical relevance for guiding preventive intervention and public policy.
Social Construction of Ethnicity Versus Personal Experience: The Case of Afro-Amerasians
Authors: Williams Teresa Kay , Thornton Michael C.
Published: April 2019

Most research on interracial couples, families, children, and individuals have tended to focus on Black-White, Asian-White, and minority-majority combinations. Moreover, early studies have focused on the problematic social and psychological adjustments of Amerasian individuals and their families. In addition to the maladjustments of racial strife and personal identity struggles, Amerasians also have to contend with the legacy of war, military occupation, poverty, and social and ecological devastation. Thus, these compounded problems have been treated as possessing permanent, irreparable, and debilitating effects on the racial esteem and ethnic identity development of Amerasian individuals and families.

The Afro-Amerasian’s multiple marginalized social status has been assumed to problematize further their already “troubled” identities. However, new research has indicated that Afro-Amerasians, despite their multiple minority status in the United States and the sociopolitical conditions in Asia, have responded to their social circumstances with resilience and have constructed a variety of personal and social identities in which race and ethnicity play a critical part. It is precisely their multiple marginalized social status that makes them an important Amerasian subpopulation. The personal identity struggles and resolutions that Afro-Amerasian individuals undergo within themselves, within their families, and within their social groups can be seen as analogous to what socially defined racial and ethnic groups face on a structural inter-group level. There is much sociological insight to be gained from studying and understanding the Afro-Amerasian.
New Wine Fom Old Wineskins: Marital Power Research
Authors: Meyer Robert J. , Lewis Robert A.
Published: April 2019

Methodological sophistication and conceptual complexity in the area of marital power has resulted in more questions than answers. The greatest danger of such a situation is a cessation of research motivated by fear of added mistakes, and supposedly justified by the lack of better measures and conceptualizations. Two particular stumbling blocks have been annoying differences between husbands’ and wives’ perceptions and low correlations between different measures of marital power. This study addresses both of these issues in two ways: I) it reexamines some of our theoretical assumptions and empirical expectations; 2) it presents data which illustrate the advantages of utilizing measures which tap non-target as well as target concepts. In short, this paper should be viewed as one example of extracting new information from old and imperfect instruments.
Customer Satisfaction In Conquas and Qlassic Certified Housing Projects
Authors: Bin Sulaiman Salimi , Jusoh Ahmad , Ying Kwok See , Soheilirad Somayeh
Published: April 2019

Construction activities in Malaysia, as in many developing countries are growing tremendously which generate towards the nation Gross Domestic income. With the growing numbers of developments specifically build to cater for the growing demand for the residential, commercial houses, specific quality standards has to be developed in order to regulate the standard quality that the contractors will need to deliver. Construction Quality Assessment by Building Construction Authority (BCA Singapore) and Quality Assessment in Construction (QLASSIC) by CIDB Malaysia being developed to set certain benchmarking standard for the building quality. A lot of occurrences reported in the news where the purchasers of the houses were not satisfied with the quality level for the houses being delivered. The objective of this study is to relate the CONQUAS/QLASSIC to customer satisfaction of the residential housing. The methodology adopted questionnaire and individual purchaser response was unit of analysis. In summary, the different between QLASSIC- based assessment and CONQUAS- based assessment in regards to customer satisfaction, was significant which stated for the satisfaction for the CONQUAS is higher than the QLASSIC projects. Hopefully, this research added value to academic research in understanding the benefit of implementing CONQUAS/QLASSIC standards towards increasing the market value of the property market.
Bank mergers and acquisitions in emerging markets: evidence from the Middle East & North Africa region
Authors: Sindi Sameer Mohammed , Ariffin A.N. Bany , Hisyam Nazrul , Kamarudin Fakarudin
Published: April 2019

This study examined the short-term effects of bank mergers and acquisitions on acquirer banks in the Middle East & North Africa region (MENA). The results indicate that mergers and acquisitions have not caused significant positive or negative abnormal return in the short-term to acquirer banks in the MENA region.
Resilience and Hybridization of Development of Small and Medium Towns in Poland
Authors: Drobniak Adam
Published: April 2019

This paper aims to initially evaluate the socio and economic resilience of small and medium sized town in Poland made in the context of hybridization of development. The article refers to the issues of development of small and medium sized towns as well as to the urban resilience concept recognized in the attributes approach. Empirically, an initial assessment of resilience was carried out for all towns up to 100,000 residents in Poland using quantitative methods based on indicators of dynamics. Then, using cluster analysis along with the Euclidean distance the paper presents its findings in spatial dimension. The results indicate a very high level of differentiation in socio and economic urban resilience of the surveyed towns. The dynamics of their development is highly unbalanced, while the overall picture of resilience of the examined towns indicates a hybrid pattern of their development.
Prawa więźniów w najnowszych wyrokach Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka przeciwko Polsce
Authors: Dawidziuk Ewa , Mazur Marcin
Published: April 2019

W niniejszym artykule autorzy przedstawiają najnowsze orzeczenia ETPC, które zapadły wobec Polski a dotyczą bardzo aktualnych i ważnych z punktu widzenia praw człowieka zagadnień: kontroli osobistej, reżimu dla osadzonych niebezpiecznych, konieczności zapewnienia pełnej zabudowy kącikach sanitarnych oraz problematyki dysponowania środkami finansowymi przez więźniów, zwłaszcza tymi zgromadzonymi na tzw. żelaznej kasie, a więc wypłacanymi w momencie zwolnienia z jednostki penitencjarnej. Autorzy będący pracownikami Biura Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich wskazują na tle przywołanych orzeczeń na działania podejmowane przez Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich w kwestiach badanych przez Trybunał w Strasburgu.
Wybrane aspekty procedur prawnych, których podmiotem może być małoletni cudzoziemiec przebywający na terytorium Polski bez opieki
Authors: Jankowska Patrycja
Published: April 2019

Artykuł dotyczy regulacji na poziomie krajowym dotyczących statusu prawnego małoletnich bez opieki, przebywających na terytorium Polski. Autorka przedstawia syntetyczną charakterystykę obowiązujących w tym zakresie norm prawnych oraz instytucji zaangażowanych w ich stosowanie,  zwracając także uwagę na zagrożenia związane ze stosowaniem prawa wobec tej szczególnej grupy migrantów. Uzupełnieniem tematyki omawianej w tym artykule jest ocena funkcjonowania systemu monitorowania poszanowania praw dziecka, zarówno na poziomie krajowym, jak i międzynarodowym.
Prawo do opieki dyplomatycznej i konsularnej – przyczynek do rozważań w świetle standardu międzynarodowego
Authors: Kozłowski Krzysztof
Published: April 2019

This article aims at analyzing the right to diplomatic and consular protection in the context of the standard resulting from international law. It tries to give a definition of this institution, pointing to its public and subsidiary nature. It also points out that diplomatic and consular assistance is carried out in a situation of conflict between the interests of the individual and the country of origin, and that of the host country. The article also discusses the subject and subject matter of consular and diplomatic care.

                Moreover, the study comments on the specific features of this right from the point of view of the complexity and effectiveness of the protection of rights at the international level. In this context it was pointed out that the right to diplomatic and consular protection is not a classic right, but can be considered as an instrument for the operation of other rights or freedoms. The right to consular and diplomatic care is devoid of homogeneous regulation, but also depends on the legal standard of care offered by the home state and must be within the limits set by the host country. The scope of its application may be related to any legal event that may occur when the entity is in a situation of contact with the legal system of the receiving state.

                The discussions under consideration highlighted the subsidiarity of the right to diplomatic and consular assistance for the exercise by the individual of his or her rights and freedoms. However, There is no complete protection standard in this respect, which is conducive to the lack of exhaustive regulation at the convention level, which, in extreme cases, can jeopardize the exercise by the individual of his or her subjective rights, that is to ensure its adequate protection standard in the territory of the host country.
Współpraca Unii Europejskiej z regionalnymi organizacjami arabskimi i islamskimi w dziedzinie ochrony praw człowieka
Authors: Wiczanowska Hanna
Published: April 2019

Różnorodność kulturowa pomiędzy poszczególnymi państwami stanowi jedno z kluczowych wyzwań dla współczesnych mechanizmów ochrony praw i wolności jednostki. W świetle powyższej obserwacji, istotna jest decyzja o współpracy Unii Europejskiej z regionalnymi organizacjami arabskimi i islamskimi na rzecz wzmocnienia demokracji i ochrony praw człowieka. Założeniem niniejszego artykułu jest zatem ocena skuteczności działań podjętych przez powyższe organizacje, jak również szans i prognoz dotyczących rozwoju ich współpracy. Powyższy artykuł zostanie przygotowany w oparciu o metodę dogmatyczno prawną z elementami metody historycznej i prawnoporównawczej