bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Terminological Usage Related to Dyspnea by Nursing Staff: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Nemoto Yuko , Suzuki Sayuri , Okauchi Shinichiro , Kagohashi Katsunori , Satoh Hiroaki
Published: January 2020

In recent years, additional expressions such as ‘sensation of breathing discomfort’ and ‘discomfort of dyspnea’ are being used in daily nursing care in Japan. To better understand the current status of the use of these terms by nurses, and to ascertain what the term ‘dyspnea’ may not express, we designed an original questionnaire
and conducted a study with all nurses at our hospital. The questionnaire included questions to determine if nurses used these terms, and in what context. Of the 279 nurses in our hospital, 225 (80.6%) responded. Three-quarters of nurses indicated that they use these terms in clinical nursing practice. There was no difference in the usage of
these terms between nurses who had or had not worked in a respiratory outpatients/ward. However, the percentage of nurses using these terms was higher amongst those with 10 years or less nursing experience compared with those with more than 10 years’ experience. Open-ended questions revealed that these terms were used to communicate information between nurses and between nurses and patients’ families. Our observations need to be verified in large-scale studies to determine if these terms are meaningful for nursing practice in that they describe something
not expressed with ‘dyspnea’. There is the possibility of confusion due to the use of inappropriate terms and a lack of education on the subject. Many nurses used these terms, and there may be things that the term ‘dyspnea’ could not express. The results of this study can be used to identify something that is lacking in communication about
dyspnea between nurses, nurses and patients, and nurses and patients’ families.
Validity of infant face skin assessment by parents at home
Authors: Yonezawa Kaori , Haruna Megumi , Kojima Reiji
Published: January 2020

Parents had better to assess their infant’s skin daily to prevent the development of any skin problems. However, there are no standard methods for assessing infant skin at home. This study aimed to validate the assessment of infant face skin conditions by parents as compared to using skin barrier function clinical tests. In addition, we evaluated the degree of agreement between parents and physicians/midwives when assessing an infant’s skin. A cross-sectional study involving 184 infants aged 3 months was conducted. To evaluate the parents’ infant skin assessment, we used the Neonatal
Skin Condition Score (NSCS). On the same day, we evaluated the skin barrier function on the infant’s forehead and cheek, including transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum hydration, skin pH, and sebum secretion. Skin barrier function values were correlated with infant skin condition assessed by parents, especially in cases of TEWL
of the cheek, for which a moderate positive correlation was found between parental assessment score (ρ = 0.448). In addition, infant with skin problems based on parental assessment had a significantly higher TEWL, lower SCH, and higher skin pH. However, there was weak agreement between parental and physician/midwife assessment. Thus, there was a relationship between parental assessment and skin barrier function; thus, parents can use at-home assessment to assist with infant skin care. In the future, research focused on developing methods of examining infant skin conditions
should consider incorporate parental daily skin assessment.
Change-Makers: A Grassroots Approach to Culturally Responsive Leadership and Teaching
Authors: Kayser Abigail Amoako , Nash Angel Miles , Kayser Brian
Published: January 2020

While achievement and opportunity gaps and systemic racism exist in the majority of school districts across the United States, not every school district authentically acknowledges and addresses these issues. In this case study, researchers examine a PreK–12 school district situated in a racially and economically diverse mid-Atlantic city in which race- and class-based discrimination have been well documented and recent episodes of extreme racial violence have affected the community. The school district, which employs 1,300 teachers and serves over 14,000 students, developed and implemented a grassroots approach by forming a district-wide culturally responsive leadership team. Through interviews with 10 culturally responsive leadership team members, including school district officials, school-level administrators, and teachers, researchers explicate collaborative relationships that promote district-wide change practices. Findings detailing the creation and enactment of this culturally responsive program include (a) culturally responsive school leadership; (b) engaging in culturally responsive district-wide practices, and (c) encouraging program participants to engage in critical self-reflection.
Reliability Comparison between “Distal Radius and Ulna” and “Simplified Tanner–Whitehouse III” Assessments for Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Okuda Akinori , Shigematsu Hideki , Fujii Hiromasa , Iwata Eiichiro , Tanaka Masato , Morimoto Yasuhiko , Masuda Keisuke , Yamamoto Yusuke , Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: January 2020

Study Design: This is a retrospective clinical study.Purpose: In this study, we aim to evaluate the reliability of the distal radius and ulna assessment (DRU) and simplified Tanner-Whitehouse III classification (sTW3) in Japanese patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).Overview of Literature: The greatest curvature of a scoliotic spine occurs at peak-height velocity (PHV), which is the time during which an individual’s height increases at the maximum rate. Diagnosing and appropriately treating AIS before PHV is the most effective way in order to prevent unnecessary deterioration of the scoliosis curve. Although it is difficult to detect scoliosis before PHV, DRU and sTW3, which involve evaluations using a left-hand radiograph, have been reported to be effective.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 54 hands of 40 girls with AIS who visited Nara Medical University Hospital from 2000 to 2015 using previously collected radiographs. The examiners included a spine surgeon and a pediatric orthopedic surgeon, each with over 10 years of experience. The reliability of the DRU and sTW3 was evaluated using the kappa coefficient.Results: The left-hand radiographs of 40 female patients with AIS (mean age, 13.9±1.7 years; N=54 hands) were evaluated by two blinded examiners using the sTW3 and DRU methods. The highest inter-observer and intra-observer reliabilities (kappa, 0.64 and 0.62, respectively) for radius evaluation were determined. Radius evaluation by the DRU showed the highest agreement rate and smallest error between the inter- and intra-observer examinations.Conclusions: The DRU was the most reliable assessment tool, and it has the potential to be useful for precisely determining the stage of skeletal maturity in outpatient clinics.
Steady as she goes? A bibliometric analysis of L2 vocabulary research in 1987
Authors: Meara Paul
Published: January 2020

This paper uses a co-citation analysis to examine the research on L2 vocabulary acquisition that was published in 1987. This year is surprisingly volatile compared with the previous year, 1986, with a very large number of new sources appearing in the maps, and many sources identified in previous years losing their influence in the research papers that make up the 1987 data set. The paper also reports a larger analysis of all the work that appeared in a five year window from 1983–1987. This larger data set is not quite as volatile as the smaller 1987 data set, but it suggests that some sources who dominated the co-citation maps in earlier years are losing their influence.
Genetic diversity of barley accessions from Ethiopia for the powdery mildew resistance
Authors: Abdullaev R. A. , Lebedeva T. V. , Alpatieva N. V. , Yakovleva O. V. , Kovaleva O. N. , Radchenko E. E. , Anisimova I. N. , Batasheva B. A. , Karabitsina Yu. I. , Kuznetsova E. B.
Published: January 2020

Nine hundred and twenty five Ethiopian barley accessions were studied under laboratory experiments for juvenile resistance to North West population of powdery mildew casual agent Blumeria graminis (DC.) Golovin ex Speer f. sp. hordei Marchal. Based on phenotypic screening, the 27 accessions resistant to the pathogen were selected and 47 forms were heterogeneous for the studied character. The resistant and susceptible plants of the examined accessions were analyzed with the use of molecular markers developed for identification of the mlo11 allele. Fifteen accessions carrying the mlo11 allele which determines durable resistance of most modern barley varieties to powdery mildew were revealed. The accessions differed by the resistance expression that can be explained both by the manifestation of other resistance genes which are inadequate to the mlo11 and also by the presence of different mlo11 allelic variants in the genotypes of the selected accessions. The resistance to B. graminis of other 59 forms is controlled by the effective genes which are different from mlo11.
Construction of Hoax Circulated in Social Media
Authors: Ibrahim Nini , Rahman Fauzi
Published: January 2020

This study aims at explore the construction of hoax circulation discourse that causes anxiety and emotions for individuals and community groups. This study was a qualitative analysis method that produced description data in the form of words, sentences, and ideas about nature, circumstances, symptoms, and motivations that arose from certain objects. Data sources for this research were news circulated online: (1) Artificial eggs from China, (2) A Mysterious lecturer in Yogyakarta, and (3) ‘Jengkol’ (Archidendron pauciflorum) is as an anticancer medicine. The study of hoax discourse construction is important to be conducted so that people do not easily believe in news related to sources and the validity that cannot be accounted for. This research found out that hoax created by: 1) using sensational and provocative titles, 2) using visual elements as an attraction, 3) using unpopular scientific diction, 4) sometimes threatening, 5) quoting invalid/credible sources, 6) not only sourced from blogs, but from official sites, but circulated in the readers’ column, 7) following the latest issues in the community.
Tardigrades in the Canopy: Associations with Tree Vole Nests in Southwest Oregon
Authors: Villella John , Miller Jesse E. D. , Young Alexander , Carey Greg , Emanuels Andrew , Miller William R.
Published: January 2020

Tardigrades live in many ecosystems, but local dispersal mechanisms and the influence of ecological gradients on tardigrade communities are not fully understood. Here we examine tardigrade communities in nests of the red tree vole (Arborimus longicaudus True), an arboreal mammal occupying the canopy of coniferous forests in western Oregon and northwestern California. We found 12 species of tardigrades from resin ducts sampled from 43 nests along a transect that spanned the east-west range of the tree vole in southern Oregon. Tardigrade occurrence was more likely in larger trees and species numbers were significantly higher in areas that received more precipitation. At sites where they occurred, tardigrades were more abundant in tree vole nests at greater heights within the forest canopy. Of the 12 species of tardigrades that were found, seven have not been previously reported in Oregon. Our results suggest that tardigrades in forest canopies in the Pacific Northwest are impacted by regional precipitation gradients as well as local environmental variables, and that nest building by small mammals may facilitate dispersal of tardigrades within the forest canopy.
EXAMINATION OF TEACHERS’ OPINIONS ABOUT HOMESCHOOLING SERVICE
Authors: Yıkmış Ahmet , Toprak Özlem , Kurtoğlu Seniha
Published: January 2020

The goal of this research is to determine teachers’ opinions about the homeschooling service. Teachers participated in the research are the ones provided the homeschooling services in Sakarya City Centre within 2018-2019 school year. Qualitative research method has been used for the research and data has been collected via focus group discussion. Descriptive analysis technique has been used for analysing the obtained data. When the findings of the research are examined, participants who have been providing homeschooling services in a range of one to three years, stated that they had no prior information about homeschooling services, and they enhanced their knowledge level within the process of the education. Every single one of the participants specified that they all practiced observation and evaluation to determine educational performance and the needings of the students during the early weeks of homeschooling service, and afterwards they created individualized education plan (IEP) and figured the educational process according to this plan for their students. The lack of awareness about homeschooling, the families’ behaviours and experiencing insufficiency about the supplies are expressed as encountered problems within the homeschooling process. It is emphasized that the homeschooling service increases academic skills of the students while students’ distance from their peers and the social environment is a disadvantage.

Keywords: homeschooling, focus group discussion, persistent diseaseete
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СПЕЦІАЛЬНИХ ЗНАНЬ ПІД ЧАС РОЗСЛІДУВАННЯ ЗЛОЧИНІВ, ВЧИНЕНИХ ПРОТИ ІНКАСАЦІЇ ГРОШОВИХ КОШТІВ ШЛЯХОМ РОЗБОЮ
Authors: Цимбал П. В. , Варшавець Я. Л.
Published: January 2020

Стаття присвячена особливостям використання спеціальних знань під час розслідування злочинів, вчинених проти інкасації грошових коштів шляхом розбою. Визначено проблеми використання спеціальних знань під час розслідування злочинів цього виду.
ОБ’ЄКТИВНІ ЕЛЕМЕНТИ ОБШУКУ У ФОРМІ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОЇ ОПЕРАЦІЇ
Authors: Фролов О. П.
Published: January 2020

У статті розглянуто нову організаційну форму проведення обшуку – спеціальну операцію. Сформовано поняття і ознаки обшуку, який проводиться у цій формі, та розкрито його об’єктивні елементи.
ПОЛІТИКО-ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ДЕРЖАВНОСТІ В КОНСЕРВАТИВНІЙ ДОКТРИНІ В. ЛИПИНСЬКОГО
Authors: Токарчук О. В.
Published: January 2020

Стаття присвячена дослідженню інтелектуальної спадщини В. Липинського – видатного ідеолога українського консерватизму. Проаналізовано погляди мислителя, у наукових здобутках якого обґрунтовано політичні та правові аспекти реалізації української державності.
ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНО-ПРОЦЕСУАЛЬНІ ГАРАНТІЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ОРГАНІВ ДЕРЖАВНОГО ФІНАНСОВОГО КОНТРОЛЮ
Authors: Глух М. В. , Мельник О. П.
Published: January 2020

У статті зосереджено увагу на необхідності належного правового врегулювання діяльності органів фінансового контролю. Проаналізовано основні правові гарантії та їхній вплив на функціонування законності в державі. Надана характеристика базових гарантій діяльності органів фінансового контролю.
Effect of salinity stress on plant growth and root yield of carrot
Authors: Jahan I , Hossain MM , Karim MR
Published: January 2020

This study was carried out at Horticulture Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the effects of different levels of NaCl salinity on plant growth and root yield of two carrot varieties during the period from November, 2016 to February, 2017. Four levels of NaCl salt concentration viz., 0 (Control), 50, 100 and 150 mM and two varieties of carrot namely Shundori and Kuruda were used for this pot experiment. The two-factor experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The yield and yield components varied significantly between two carrot varieties and intensity of salt concentration. The maximum plant height (33.92 cm), length of leaves (14.51 cm), fresh weight of leaves (9.62 g), percent dry matter content of leaves (21.25 %), length of root (9.05 cm), diameter (11.24 cm), dry matter content of roots (18.18 %) were produced by Shundori. On the other hand, maximum water content of leaves (80.89 %), water content of roots (84.57 %) and weight of roots (10.76 g) were exhibited by Kuruda. Most of the studied parameters showed decreasing trends with the highest level of salinity (200 mM NaCl) producing lowest weight of roots (3.93 g). In case of combined effects of variety and salt concentrations, Kuruda with control condition produced maximum weight of roots (20.62 g) while the minimum weight of roots (3.53 g) was obtained by the combination of Kuruda with the highest level of salt concentration (200 mM NaCl). The result of the experiment revealed that the salinity stress significantly reduced all studied parameters at 100 mM and 150 mM as compared to control and 50 mM NaCl. Therefore, it can be concluded that the variety of Kuruda was found as relatively salt tolerant than Shundori.

Progressive Agriculture 30 (3): 263-274, 2019
Status of soil properties in relationship with soil pH in Madhupur tract of Tangail district in Bangladesh
Authors: Kumar U , Rashid H , Tithi NH , Mia MY
Published: January 2020

The study was intended to investigate the status of soil properties and its relation to soil pH in Madhupur tract soil of Tangail district, Bangladesh. Thirty soil samples were collected during the period from June-July, 2016 covering four types of land as high land, medium high land, medium low land and low land. The interpretative data showed that the range of pH was strongly acidic to slightly acidic (5.27- 5.90), mean pH was slightly acidic (5.61). The organic matter (OM) status was medium (2.11 to 2.33 %) and mean OM was medium (2.24 %). The Nitrogen (N) status was low (0.11 to 0.13 %) and mean N status was medium (0.12 %). The range of the Phosphorus (P) status was found very low to medium (1.63 to 11.06 µg g-1 soil) and mean P status was medium (7.37 µg g-1 soil). The Potassium (K) status was low to very high (0.15 to 0.75meq/100 g soil) and mean K status was low (0.18 meq/100 g soil). The range of the Sulfur (S) status was found from low to medium (11.73 to 16.31 µg g-1 soil), mean S status was low (13.26 µg g-1 soil). The range of the Zinc (Zn) status was found from medium to high (0.96 to 2.23 µg g-1 soil), mean Zn status was optimum (1.55 µg g-1 soil). The range of the Boron (B) status was found from medium to very high (0.39 to 0.86 µg g-1 soil), mean B status was high (0.73 µg g-1 soil). The Calcium (Ca) status was medium to optimum (4.42 to 5.23meq/100 g soil), mean Ca status was optimum (4.83 meq/100 g soil). The Magnesium (Mg) status was optimum to high (1.21 to 1.75meq/100 g soil), mean Mg status was optimum (1.37 meq/100 g soil). No significant correlation of OM and other nutrients with pH.

Progressive Agriculture 30 (3): 282-287, 2019
PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT OF JUVENILE DELINQUENTS AND YOUNG OFFENDERS ON PROBATION
Authors: Eryalçın Münevver , Duyan Veli
Published: January 2020

Probation system provides an important process to strengthen the juveniles and youngsters’ social support system, development of prosocial behaviours and enable them to reach social resources. This research which was designed as a quantitative research had been carried out for 2-month-period (May-June 2014) and data were gathered by using questionnaire and Provision of Social Relations (PSR) Scale.The research discusses the perception of social support provided by the juvenile delinquents and young offenders on probation at the Directorate of Probation in Ankara, as well as the factors shaping these perceptions. A series of information about the socio-demographic characteristics, families, delinquent behavior and factors related to the probation process was received from 150 juveniles and youngsters involved in the probation system at the Directorate of Probation in Ankara. It was determined that 150 juveniles' perception of social support varies in terms of their education level, birth or adopted parent status, education level of parents, type of family, employment status, type of committed crimes, criminal situation of friends and family, violence in the family, the frequency of substance use, taking support in the process of probation and meeting with the family during probation process. The aim of this research is to determine the perception of social support of the juveniles/youngsters on probation process and to put forward proposals for the development of social support resources of young people involved in the probation system.
SOSYAL ÇALIŞMA DİSİPLİNİNDE SOSYOLOJİK BAKIŞ AÇISININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Barış İsmail , Ataman Emine
Published: January 2020

Sosyal çalışma disiplininde, sosyolojik bakış açısının değerlendirildiği bu çalışmada, sosyal çalışma-sosyoloji-kuram ilişkisi üzerine sistematik bir değerlendirme yapılmış ve sosyolojinin sosyal çalışmanın bilgi temeline nasıl katkı sunabileceğinin gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılan bu çalışmada, sosyal çalışmada, sosyolojik bakış açısını anlamaya yönelik olarak hazırlanan görüşme formu ile Türkiye’de farklı üniversitelerin sosyal hizmet bölümlerinde eğitim vermekte olan 12 akademisyenin görüşleri alınmış ve bulgular, içerik analizi yöntemiyle yorumlanarak alt temalar oluşturulmuştur.
Yapılan görüşmelerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda sosyolojinin, sosyal çalışma uygulamaları için önemli bir veri sağlayıcısı olduğu; sosyal çalışmanın toplumsal değişken, sorun, ihtiyaç ve çözümlere yönelik bakış açısını geliştirdiği; ancak sosyal çalışmada kuramların uygulamaya dâhil edilmesinde çeşitli sıkıntılar yaşanmakta olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bunun yanında sosyolojinin sosyal çalışmaya hizmet eden bir disiplin olmaktan ziyade, sosyal çalışmayla birlikte gelişen bir bilim olduğu ve iki alanın birbirini destekleyerek gelişebileceği noktasına ulaşılmıştır. Bu işbirliğinin gerçekleşmemesi durumunda, sosyal çalışmanın kuram üretememe ve/veya mevcut kuramlardan yararlanamama sorunlarının alanın gelişimini olumsuz şekilde etkileyebileceği öngörüsü ortaya çıkmıştır.
SOSYAL HİZMET UZMANLARININ KİŞİSEL VE MESLEKİ GÜÇ ALGILARININ BAZI DEĞİŞKENLERE GÖRE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Kırlıoğlu Mehmet
Published: January 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı iş yerindeki kişisel, kişilerarası ve sosyo-politik güç unsurlarına göre sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının kişisel ve mesleki güç algılarını araştırmaktır. Araştırma, tarama modelinde yapılmıştır. Sosyal Hizmet Uzmanları Derneği’ne üye olan 2200 uzmandan 551 uzmana ulaşılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak literatür aracılığı ile oluşturan anket formu ve Sosyal Hizmet Uzmanlarının Kişisel ve Mesleki Güç Algıları Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. İş yerindeki kişisel (mesleği isteyerek seçme, başka bir kuruma geçme isteği, sosyal hizmet mesleğini bırakma isteği, doğrudan sosyal hizmet uygulaması yapma, alan deneyimine uygun çalışma), kişilerarası (meslektaşlarından destek ve öneri alma, kurumdaki tüm meslek elemanlarının ortak bir amaca sahip olması, amir yönlendirmesi, üstler ile yaşanan sorunları çözüme kavuşturma, yönetimin tutumu, yönetim ile ilişkiler) ve sosyo-politik (kadro durumu, işin yapılma şekli konusunda müracaatçılardan ve üstlerden gelen baskı, çalışma yoğunluğu, görüşme sayısı, vaka sayısı, çalışma ortamı, otonomi, ilerleme imkânı) düzeydeki güç unsurları bağımsız değişkenler olarak kabul edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak literatürde iş yükü başlığı altında belirtilen çalışma yoğunluğu, görüşme sayısı ve vaka sayısı gibi hususların güçsüzleştirici unsurlardan olduğu ifade edilirken çalışmada güçlendirici unsurlar olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE HEALTH LITERACY INTERVENTIONS FROM SOCIAL WORK PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ürgün Selim , Yıldırım Filiz
Published: January 2020

Social workers can contribute to positive health outputs by planning and managing the initiatives aimed at increase in health literacy level. In this context, social workers are required to recognize clients with a low level of health literacy and to know about their needs and barriers.
The knowledge and skills of social workers being an important part of interdisciplinary health team are important in terms of performing micro, mezzo and macro health literacy interventions. Micro level health literacy interventions are needed to provide the individuals with the information which they are in need of. Mezzo level health literacy interventions are important to ensure the efficient use of health resources. Macro level health literacy interventions are carried out to reduce health inequalities. The aim of this review study is to explain the importance of health literacy interventions in social work education. In order to achieve this goal, first of all, the relation between social work education and health literacy is explained. Afterwards, the micro, mezzo and macro health levels of literacy interventions are introduced. Consequently, it is important that the social workers have the competence to strengthen the patients and their families and to contribute to the development of health services and health personnel.
YAŞLI BAKIM UYGULAMALARINDAKİ ETİK SORUNLAR ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Nazlıer Keser Ecem Naz
Published: January 2020

Dünya genelinde hızla yaşlanan nüfus karşısında, mevcut bakım politikalarının yaşlılar için yetersiz kalması yaşlıların bakımı ile ilgili yeni ihtiyaçları ortaya çıkarmıştır. Yaşanan etik ihlaller, tüm yaşlıların ihtiyaçlarını, isteklerini, sorunlarını aynıymış gibi değerlendirmekten doğmaktadır. Yaşlılar bireysel özellikleri, istekleri ve beklentileri göz ardı edilerek toplumda ki yeri ve toplumda maruz kaldığı ayrımcılıklar düşünülmeden değerlendirilmektedir. Dezavantajlı durumlarının değişmesi mevcut bakım uygulamaları ile mümkün olamamaktadır. Yaşlılara ilişkin her alanda adaletli bir yaklaşım söz konusu değildir. Yaşlıların bakım konusunda çoğu zaman katılımları önemsenmemektedir. Aileler ya da uzmanlar bazı kararları yaşlılar adına vermektedir. Yaşlılar bilgiye erişim ve bakım desteğine ulaşma gibi konularda engellerle karşılaşmaktadır. Bu engeller yaşlıların güçlenmeleri önünde önemli engeller oluşturmaktadır. Yaşlıların kendileri ile ilgili konularda sınırlı seçenek içinden seçim yapmaya çalıştığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada yaşlı refah alanı incelenerek yaşlıların bakım konusunda yaşadığı güçlüklere değinilmiştir. Türkiye’de ve farklı refah devletlerinde yaşlı bakım modelleri sosyal hizmetin değer temeli ile değerlendirilmiş ve yaşlı bakımı konusundaki etik ihlaller tartışılmıştır. Bakım modelleri temelde iki grupta incelenmiştir. Bunlardan ilki yatılı ya da gündüzlü kurum bakımlarıdır. Bir diğeri ise evde bakım uygulamalarıdır. Bakım modelleri sosyal hizmetin geleneksel ve özgürleştirici değer temeli çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bireyin biricikliği, yargılayıcı olmayan tutumlar, kabul, kendi kaderini tayin, duyguların amaçlı dışa vurumu, bireysellikten uzaklaşma, eşitlik, sosyal adalet, birlikte çalışma, güçlendirme, yurttaşlık ve otantiklik değerlerine göre yaşlı bakımında yaşanan etik ihlaller tartışılmıştır. Görülen bu etik ihlallerin ortadan kaldırılmasına yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Ten-Year trends and prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis among the Korean population, 2008–2017
Authors: Ha Jihyun , Lee Seung Won , Yon Dong Keon
Published: January 2020

Background: Major questions remain regarding the agestratified trends of allergic diseases and asthma in Korea.Purpose: To identify the estimated recent prevalence and 10- year trends in asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis among the Korean population from 2008 to 2017.Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional survey (Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) over 10 years (2008–2017) examined representative samples of the Korean population (n=85,006) including 2,131 infants, 4,352 preschool children, 12,919 school-age children, 44,200 adults, and 21,404 elderly adults.Results: In the 2016 to 2017 population, the estimated prevalence of asthma was 0.9% in infants, 2.3% in preschool children, 4.1% in school-age children, 2.3% in adults, and 4.1% in the elderly. The estimated prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 9.0%, 20.2%, 27.6%, 17.1%, and 6.9%, respectively. The estimated prevalence of atopic dermatitis was 5.9%, 11.3%, 14.6%, 3.9%, and 1.6%, respectively. Ten-year trends revealed a significant decrease in asthma prevalence in infants, preschool children, and the elderly. and in atopic dermatitis prevalence in infants and preschool children (P<0.05 for all trends). Furthermore, 10-year trends demonstrated a significant increase in allergic rhinitis prevalence in school-age children, adults, and the elderly, and in atopic dermatitis prevalence in school-age children and the elderly (P<0.05 for all trends).Conclusion: These results improve our understanding of the age-stratified epidemiology of allergic diseases in Korea and suggest the need for the development of tailored and precise strategies to prevent allergic diseases in different age groups.
Editorial
Authors: Vergueiro Waldomiro
Published: January 2020

A Revista ConCi - Convergências em Ciência da Informação -, produzida pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação e pelo Departamento de Ciência da Informação da Universidade Federal de Sergipe disponibiliza mais um fascículo a seus leitores. Aos incautos, isso pode parecer algo sem muita importância, singelo mesmo: apenas mais um número de uma revista especializada em Ciência da Informação. No entanto, para aqueles que se preocupam com o avanço da Ciência em nosso país, pode-se dizer que é muito mais do que isso. Representa um passo a mais no processo de sedimentação de um curso de pós-graduação nesta área do conhecimento, um curso que, como muitos outros, enfrentou e continua a enfrentar dificuldades para se manter em um país que ainda pouco valoriza o avanço do conhecimento.
Конституційно-правове регулювання діяльності адвокатури у нових реаліях суспільного життя
Authors: БАКАЯНОВА НАНА
Published: January 2020

Масштабні зміни у суспільному житті, які мають стати наслідком нового політичного курсу, спрямованого на подолання корупційних явищ і дисбалансу у правоохоронній діяльності, удосконалення правозахисної сфери, реалізацію завдань правосуддя, можливі за умови проведення системних реформ. Активна законо творча діяльність вимагає ретельного дослідження стану законодавства та змісту законопроєктних ініціатив із позицій теорії та практи ки, зарубіжного досвіду задля вироблення ґрунтовних рекомендацій у цій сфері.
Метою статті є всебічний аналіз конституційно-правового регулювання адвокатури України у нових суспільно-політичних умовах, вивчення наукових джерел і відповідних проєктів законодавчих актів у досліджуваній сфері та вироблення науково обґрунтованих пропозицій, спрямованих на удосконалення законодавства про адвокатуру та адвокатську діяльність, практики його застосування.
Наголошується, що однією з найважливіших проблем адвокатури на сучасному етапі судово-правової реформи є визначення того обсягу реформування, який дійсно є необхідним для належної реалізації функцій адвокатури. Висловлено аргументи на користь позиції, що чинне законодавство про адвокатуру та адвокатську діяльність переважно відповідає міжнародним стандартам у цій сфері. Водночас практичні проблеми здійснення адвокатської діяльності та організації адвокатури дають змогу сформулювати напрями подальшого розвитку законодавства, беручи до уваги реальні потреби суспільства у сфері надання професійної правничої допомоги та гарантій адвокатської діяльності. Саме з цих позицій надано оцінку законо проєктним пропозиціям і шляхам подальшого вдосконалення діяльності адво катури.
Підтримано законодавчу ініціативу про розширення можливостей самопредставництва органів державної влади, органів влади Автономної Республіки Крим, органів місцевого самоврядування, інших юридичних осіб незалежно від порядку їх створення в суді. З критичних позицій оцінено пропозицію скасування у тексті Конституції України виключного права на представництво адвокатами осіб у судах; виключення із Зако ну України “Про адвокатуру та адвокатську діяльність” вимог щодо несуміс-ності, запровадження діяльності адвоката за трудовим договором, притягнення адвокатів до дисциплінарної відповідальності виключно за діяння, вчинені під час здійснення адвокатської діяльності, віднесення Єдиного реєстру адвокатів України до системи публічних реєстрів та зміна його назви; спрощення процедури порушення кримінального провадження щодо адвокатів.
Висловлено пропозиції стосовно подальших напрямів удосконалення організації та діяльності адвокатури, насамперед щодо посилення незалежності адвокатури та гарантій адвокатської діяльності.
Зауважено, що оновлення законодавства про адвокатуру потребує кореляції, з огляду на досвід функціонування адвокатури в Україні та європейських державах, тенденцій розвитку адвокатської діяльності у сучасному світі.
Perilaku Elektrokimia Paduan Bio Inert Ti-6Al-4V Bahan Implant Yang Di Doping Dengan Nb Dalam Media Minuman Berkarbonasi
Authors: Prajitno Djoko Hadi , Pratama Ahmad Brian , Pawawoi Pawawoi
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini untuk mempelajari  pengaruh doping unsur Nb terhadap paduan bioinert Ti-6Al-4V dengan metode elektrokimia sebagai bahan  implant dalam media minuman berkarbonasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mempebaiki biokompatibel paduan Ti-6Al-4V yang telah di doping dengan Nb dalam media minuman berkabonasi. Pembuatan paduan Ti-6Al-4V-xNb (x= 0, 1 dan 2 %wt) dilakukan dengan melebur Ti-6Al-4V  dan Nb dalam tungku busur listrik. Perilaku elektrokimia paduan Ti-6Al-4V yang telah di doping dengan  unsur Nb di uji menggunakan potensiostat  dengan metode polarisasi Tafel dengan waktu perendaman selama 0 menit, 60 menit, dan 120 didalam media minuman berkarbonasi pada temperatur kamar. Hasil data pengujian polarisasi Tafel diolah dengan software Echem Analist V.5.66 sehingga didapatkan besaran laju korosi paduan Ti-6Al-4V dalam media minuman berkarnonasi. Permukaan paduan  hasil pengujian polarisasi Tafel dievaluasi dengan difraksi sinar X. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukan bahwa paduan Ti-6Al-4V-xNb (x= 0, 1 dan 2 %wt) akan meningkat biokompatibelnya dengan meningkatnya ketahanan korosi dalam media minuman berkabornasi bila paduan titanium yang di doping dengan Nb dengan jumlah yang lebih besar. Hal tersebut terjadi dikarenakan penambahan Nb pada paduan titanium Ti-6Al-4V terjadi peningkatan transisi dari aktif menjadi pasif. Hasil evaluasi sampel  menggunakan difraksi sinar X menujukkan bahwa pada permukaan sampel terdapat lapisan pasif. Dari data di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa biokompatibel paduan Ti-6Al-4V dalam minuman berkabonasi yang telah di doping dengan Nb unjuk kerjanya akan meningkat.
Effect of a functional feed additive on mitigation of experimentally induced gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata enteromyxosis
Authors: Palenzuela O , Del Pozo R , Piazzon MC , Isern-Subich MM , Ceulemans S , Coutteau P , Sitjà-Bobadilla A
Published: January 2020

In gilthead sea breamSparus aurata, infection byEnteromyxum leeiproduces a cachectic syndrome with anorexia, weight loss, severe epaxial muscle atrophy and, eventually, death. Currently, there are neither vaccines nor effective prescription medicines to control this infection. Nutraceutical approaches are raising interest in the aquaculture industry, responding to the lack of therapeutic tools for the management of insidious chronic losses due to parasites. In this study, the effect of a commercially available health-promoting feed additive (SANACORE®GM) at 2 different doses was tested in comparison with a basal diet without the additive during a laboratory-controlled challenge withE. leei. Group performance and biometrical values were monitored, and an in-depth parasitological diagnosis, quantification of parasite loads and histopathological examination were carried out at the end of the trial. Supplemented diets mitigated the anorexia and growth arrestment observed in challenged fish fed the basal diet. This mitigation was maximum in the highest dose group, whose growth performance was not different from that of unchallenged controls. Treated groups also presented lower prevalence of infection and a lower parasite load, although the differences in the mean intensity of infection were not statistically significant. Although the decrease in parasite levels was similar with both doses of additive tested, the pathogeny of the infection was mostly suppressed with the higher dose, while only mitigated with the lower dose. The mechanisms involved in the effects obtained remain to be investigated, but the results point to a modulation of the immunopathological response to the infection.
Erythrocyte Deformability in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Correlation With Clinical Features
Authors: JASENOVEC T. , RADOSINSKA D. , CELUSAKOVA H. , FILCIKOVA D. , BABINSKA K. , OSTATNIKOVA D. , RADOSINSKA J.
Published: January 2020

Biomechanical properties of erythrocytes play an important role in health and disease. Deformability represents intrinsic property of erythrocytes to undergo deformation that is crucial for their passage through the narrow capillaries. The erythrocyte damage can lead to compromised tissue perfusion and consequently play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases including neurological ones. Data available in databases indicate that erythrocytes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are altered. This may affect the clinical symptoms of ASD. The aim of our study was to determine erythrocyte deformability in 54 children with ASD and correlate it with clinical symptoms. We found significant negative correlation between erythrocyte deformability and score in C domain of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) diagnostic tool describing the measure of restrictive, repetitive, and stereotyped behaviors and interests, mainly observable in C1 and C2, but not in C3 and C4 subdomains. This supports the findings of other authors and suggest that behavioral domain C comprises of more subcategories with different underlying etiology. Our results also indicate that abnormalities in erythrocyte deformability may be involved in ASD pathomecha-nisms and contribute to its clinical manifestation. Further research is necessary to bring more data and identify erythrocyte deformability as prognostic biomarker in ASD.
Endogenous Antinociceptive System and Potential Ways to Influence It
Authors: Yamamotová A.
Published: January 2020

The biological significance of pain is to protect the organism from possible injury. However, there exists a situation, where, in the interest of survival, it is more important not to perceive pain. Spontaneous suppression of pain or weakening of nociception is mediated by an endogenous antinociceptive (analgesic) system. Its anatomical substrate ranges from the periaqueductal gray matter of the midbrain, through the noradrenergic and serotonergic nuclei of the brain stem to the spinal neurons, which receive “pain” information from nociceptors. Moreover, the activity of this system is under significant control of emotional and cognitive circuits. Pain can be moderated primarily through stimulation of positive emotions, while negative emotions increase pain. Paradoxically, one pain can also suppress another pain. Analgesia can be induced by stress, physical exercise, orosensory stimulation via a sweet taste, listening to music, and after placebo, i.e. when relief from pain is expected. Since pain has sensory, affective, and cognitive components, it turns out that activation of these entire systems can, in specific ways, contribute to pain suppression.
Gender Differences Involved in the Pathophysiology of the Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Damage
Authors: MURDEN S. , BORBÉLYOVÁ V. , LAŠTŮVKA Z. , MYSLIVEČEK J. , OTÁHAL J. , RILJAK V.
Published: January 2020

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a neonatal condition that occurs as a consequence of perinatal asphyxia, which is caused by a number of factors, commonly via compression of the umbilical cord, placental abruption, severe meconium aspiration, congenital cardiac or pulmonary anomalies and birth trauma. Experimental studies have confirmed that male rat pups show a higher resistance to HIE treatment. Moreover, the long-term consequences of hypoxia in male are more severe in comparison to female rat pups. These sex differences can be attributed to the pathophysiology of hypoxia-ischemia, whereby studies are beginning to establish such gender-specific distinctions. The current and sole treatment for HIE is hypothermia, in which a reduction in temperature prevents long-term effects, such as cerebral palsy or seizures. However, in most cases hypothermia is not a sufficient treatment as indicated by a high mortality rate. In the present review, we discuss the gender differences within the pathophysiology of hypoxia-ischemia and delve into the role of gender in the incidence, progression and severity of the disease. Furthermore, this may result in the development of potential novel treatment approaches for targeting and preventing the long-term consequences of HIE.
Oculometric Behavior Assessed by Pupil Response is Altered in Adolescent Depression
Authors: SEKANINOVA N. , ONDREJKA I. , BONA OLEXOVA L. , VISNOVCOVA Z. , MESTANIK M. , CESNEKOVA D. , HAMRAKOVA A. , TONHAJZEROVA I.
Published: January 2020

Oculometric behaviour assessed by pupil response provides important information about central autonomic activity and emotional regulation. However, studies regarding pupil response to emotional stimuli in adolescent depression are rare. We aimed to study emotional-linked pupil response in adolescent depression. Twenty depressive adolescents (average age: 15.4±1.2 years) and 20 age/gender-matched healthy subjects were examined. Average pupil diameter assessed by eye-tracking and pupillary light reflex were evaluated during protocol – baseline, free-view task, recovery phase. Regarding right eye, significantly greater initial pupil diameter and pupil dilation to positive pictures free-viewing (p=0.013, p=0.031, respectively), significantly slower average and maximum constriction velocity in baseline and positive pictures free-viewing (p=0.036, p=0.050, p=0.021, p=0.015, respectively), significantly slower maximum constriction velocity in recovery phase (p=0.045), and significantly faster average dilation velocity in negative pictures free-viewing (p=0.042) were observed in depressive group. Regarding left eye, significantly lower constriction percentual change in negative pictures free-viewing (p=0.044) and significantly greater baseline pupil diameter and pupil diameter at the peak of constriction in positive vs. negative pictures free-viewing (p=0.002, p=0.015, respectively) were observed in depressive group. Our study revealed discrete central autonomic dysregulation – parasympathetic hypoactivity associated with relative sympathetic dominance influenced by impairments in emotional processing already in adolescent depression.
Review of Long-Term Consequences of Maternal Methamphetamine Exposure
Authors: ŠLAMBEROVÁ R.
Published: January 2020

Methamphetamine is one of the most abused hard drugs in the Czech Republic. Its popularity is high not only in Eastern Bloc of Europe but is growing in other countries around the world, including the United States. In addition, methamphetamine abuse increases in drug addicts during pregnancy. Although research into the long-term effects of prenatal methamphetamine exposure has been ongoing for many years, the exact mechanism of action and factors that may influence the effect of this drug are still not fully understood. There have been many studies that investigated the effects of addictive substances on the behavior and cognitive function of individuals during adolescence. Some studies have shown prenatal or perinatal influences, e.g. drugs, stress, hypoxia, and malnutrition, can affect drug sensitivity or drug-seeking behavior in adulthood. However, when these factors are most impactful, i.e. prenatal vs. perinatal, and which stages of the prenatal and perinatal periods are the most sensitive to these factors is not yet clear. Our laboratory specializes in research on the effects of drugs (especially methamphetamine) on rat mothers and their offspring during postnatal development, adolescence, and adulthood. This review summarizes our past results on the long-term effects of methamphetamine on the mother and her offspring, its mechanism of action, the role of maternal care, the possible emergence of long-term sensitization, and the critical neurodevelopmental periods for methamphetamine exposure.
Kombinasi Logika Fuzzy Dan Metode Simple Additive Weighted (SAW) Untuk Membantu Merekomendasikan Jurusan Pada Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Kurniawan Deni
Published: January 2020

Penjurusan pada sekolah menengah ke atas memiliki tujuan antara lain mengelompokkan siswa sesuai kecakapan, kemampuan, bakat, dan minat yang relatif sama. Selain itu penentuan jurusan membantu mempersiapkan siswa melanjutkan studi ke Perguruan Tinggi dan memilih dunia kerja. Berdasar penelitian Indonesia Career Center Network (ICCN) tahun 2017, diketahui sebanyak 87% mahasiswa Indonesia mengakui bahwa jurusan yang diambil tidak sesuai dengan minatnya. Selain itu sebanyak 71,7% memiliki profesi yang tidak sesuai dengan pendidikannya. Penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan ketidaksesuaian jurusan siswa sebanyak 40%. Berdasarkan ketidaksesuaian kompetensi siswa terhadap jurusan yang ditempuhnya maka siswa selaku pembuat keputusan harus benar – benar mempertimbangkan kriteria kemampuan dan keinginan. Kriteria yang ditetapkan dalam studi kasus ini adalah nilai UN Bahasa Indonesia, Bahasa Inggris, Matematika, Fisika, Kimia dan Biologi. Nilai Ujian Nasional (UN) siswa, selanjutnya akan dihitung menggunakan metode Fuzzy dan Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) untuk mendapatkan rekomendasi jurusan yang dapat diambil calon mahasiswa. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan adalah berupa pembuatan pengetahuan dalam aplikasi pendukung keputusan untuk merekomendasikan jurusan kepada siswa yang akan melanjutkan ke jenjang perguruan tinggi. Kombinasi metode Fuzzy dan SAW dapat digunakan dalam merekomendasikan untuk penentuan jurusan. Diharapkan dengan adanya aplikasi ini dapat membantu para siswa dalam mengambil jurusan yang tepat sesuai minat dan bidangnya.
Sistem Pakar Diagnosis Kerusakan Jaringan Local Area Network (LAN) Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining
Authors: Rizky Robby , Wibowo Andrianto Heri , Hakim Zaenal , Sujai Lili
Published: January 2020

Sistem pakar merupakan teknologi berbasis pengetahuan, fakta dan penalaran yang dapat digunakan untuk menyelesaikan berbagai masalah dalam berbagai disiplin ilmu diantaranya adalah masalah diagnosa. Platform pemrograman yang akan digunakan dalam mengimplementasikan sistem pakar kerusakan jaringan LAN ini adalah java yang mana lebih sederhana dalam penggunaan metode inferensi Forward Chaining dengan model dept first search. Sistem pakar ini dalam penggunaannya dapat dijalankan dengan cara menjawab setiap pertanyaan dengan ya atau tidak dan akan menghasilkan suatu prediksi kerusakan atau gangguan yang sedang dialami. Keluaran dari sistem ini berupa Jenis kerusakan atau gangguan, serta solusi perbaikan berdasarkan sumber data dari ahli yang disebut pakar. Sistem pakar untuk mendiagnosa kerusakan jaringan LAN, sehingga dapat membantu User dan Pakar dalam mendiagnosi kerusakan atau berupa gangguan pada jaringan LAN dan mengenali gejala, jenis kerusakan dan solusi / diagnosa awal. Untuk memudahkan User berkonsultasi kepada pakar jaringan LAN ketika pa kar yang bersangkutan tidak ada, dikarnakan pakar jaringan LAN pada. PT.Telkom STO Menes masih sangat terbatas, sedangkan pengguna jaringan LAN semakin tahun semakin meningkat. Data kerusakan dan gejala kerusakan tidak tersimpan secara komputerisasi dan pelayanan yang memakan waktu mengakibatkan informasi konsultasi awal tidak berjalan maksimal. Maka penulis tertarik melakukan penelitian sistem pakar dengan judul Sistem Pakar Diagnosis Kerusakan Jaringan Local Area Network (LAN).