bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survival rate and prognostic factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Indonesia: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Kartini Diani , Kurnia Ahmad , Putri Shabrina Rizky , Thaher Tiffany Christina , Handjari Diah Rini , Khoe Levina Chandra , Marcevianto Kevin Varian
Published: July 2022

Background

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy in Asia. Most patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital have been diagnosed with an advanced stage. There had not been any survival study for OSCC in Indonesia. This study aimed to investigate the survival rate and prognostic factors of OSCC in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on OSCC patients diagnosed and treated in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from 2014 to 2018. Data regarding age, gender, site of the primary lesion, clinical stage of the disease, tumor differentiation, invasion, and surgical margins were collected. The main outcomes measured were overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). The predictors of survival were then determined.

Result

169 patients were included. The majority of patients were male (51.5%) and above 50 years old (55.6%). The most prevalent tumor site was the tongue (72.8%) followed by buccal mucosa (13%). The majority (82.2%) of patients had advanced (clinical stage IV) disease at diagnosis. A smaller majority of patients had a well-differentiated tumor (60.4%) and a low-grade tumor (53.8%). The worst one-year and two-year overall survival rates were found in the stage IV group (53.5% and 37.5%, respectively). The disease-specific survival rate was 66.9%.

Conclusion

The one-year and two-year overall survival rates of OSCC in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital were 58.6% and 43.1%. Moreover, clinical stage, tumor size, and lymph node involvement were the most significant prognostic factors for OSCC.
Finite Element Method for Designing Large Section Underground Works by Sequential Excavation Method. Study Case: Lugoj-Deva Road Tunnel
Authors: Toderaș Mihaela
Published: July 2022

Any underground work requires the knowledge and application of appropriate techniques and technologies in all stages of implementation of such a project. An important problem in the design of underground works is the knowledge of the characteristics and behaviour of the massif in which the work will be carried out. It depends on the choice of the excavation solution appropriate to the existing real conditions, which will influence the duration of the work and the costs associated with it. The objective of this paper was to analyse and compare the total deformations of the contour of the underground work, assuming that the work is performed by sequential excavation method (S.E.M.): excavation in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction. The finite element numerical simulation method was used for the convergence analysis, which showed that the total displacements of the tunnel gallery wall are smaller for the horizontal sequential excavation (SEM) variant, both for the hypothesis of coefficient of pressure in state of rest having the value K0 = 0.6, as well as for the hypothesis in which K0 = 2.27.
Determinations and Interpretations of the Contents of Heavy Metals from Food and Water Test Samples from Locations Near the Mining Perimeters of Baia Mare and Băiuț Area
Authors: Bud Adina
Published: July 2022

The paper presents the level of heavy metal contamination in the areas located in the vicinity of the mining perimeters in Baia Mare and Băiuț and the risk of their expansion in the future. Heavy metal contamination was analysed on water samples from wells, plants and milk from animals that consumed water from polluted streams.
Research Regarding Iron Sludge Recovery Technology
Authors: Traistă Eugen , Traistă Camelia
Published: July 2022

One of the most important wastes in iron metallurgy is the blast furnace sludge. This sludge consists of fine particles of iron ore, coke and fine particles of flux. The furnace sludge is characterized by the chemical composition similar to that of the furnace load, the major difference being the concentration of zinc and lead. Due to the similarity with the blast furnace load, this material, after pelletization, can be recycled in the technological process. However, this recirculation is limited by the zinc content, which significantly disrupts the operation of the furnace. This paper presents tests to reduce the zinc content of the furnace sludge by hydrometallurgical and pyrometalurgical processes.
Gold: Properties, Minerals, Alloys, Uses and Recycling
Authors: Bolunduț Ioan-Lucian
Published: July 2022

The paper presents a brief history of Bronze Age gold to the Middle Ages, as well as its properties, minerals and deposits, alloys, uses and recycling.
Analysis of Orientation Accuracies in Underground Polygonal Routes
Authors: Filip Ofelia-Larisa , Filip Anca Daniela
Published: July 2022

Topography has an important role in the realization of underground mining works, hydro-technical constructions, roads, etc. Appropriate topographic measurements and processing are required to trace these objectives in the necessary safety and efficiency conditions. An appropriate topographic basis must first be established for which scientific analyzes focusing mainly on topographical guidance elements are required. It is considered an independent polygonal route, easy to achieve and with superior quality effects.
Methodology for Quantifying the Risk of Occupational Accident and / or Disease Specific to Complex Technical Systems
Authors: Furdui Peagu Daniela , Radu Sorin Mihai
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a scientific research in the field of the risk assessment, in order to secure the activities carried out in the presence of specific hazards of industrial work systems. The methodology for quantifying the risk of occupational is an innovative tool which highlights the analytical solution for quantify the occupational risks with impact, both on the human component, as well as at the level of the other component elements specific to the work systems.
Local and Regional Politics at the EU level: who is actually represented in the Committee of the Regions?
Authors: Bącal Paweł
Published: July 2022

One of the main reasons for the establishment of the Committee of the Regions was to provide the subnational level with the representation within the institutional system of the European Union. As the body advising the EU institutions, the Committee can influence the decision-making process. Since it consists of members of the local and regional authorities, one may ask if it does offer the opportunity for the peculiar territorial self-government units to be represented at the EU level. And in the broader terms – what does the relation between the general and particular interests look like in that regard? The article tries to determine if the Committee of the Regions is a suitable place for the individual territorial self-government unit to promote its interests. The findings of the paper are based on the author’s own empirical research conducted among the Polish members of the Committee. The results entitle the author to state that the territorial self-government units are represented in the Committee of the Regions and they have some benefits from being represented within this body.
Investigation of the Liquefaction Potential of Coal Ash Due to Seismic Loading
Authors: Slávik Ivan
Published: July 2022

Coal ash is a geomaterial with a metastable structure. This type of geomaterial is significantly susceptible to liquefaction as a result of seismic loads. An investigation of ash that is susceptible to liquefaction due to a seismic load can use the CPT penetration test. This method of investigating liquefaction was developed based on numerous penetration tests of sandy or silty–sandy soils and was developed at the Workshop on the Evaluation of Soil Liquefaction Resistance, NCEER, Salk Lake City, Utah, USA, 1996. In the present article, the results of the CPT penetration test conducted at the Rosina ash tailings pond in Žilina in Slovakia, are analyzed using the NCEER methodology. The safety factor for ash liquefaction was expressed based on the penetration resistance values measured in the CPT tests using the ‘LiquefyPro’ software. The safety factor in the liquefaction of the ash sediment was expressed by changing the level of seeping water in the body of the tailings pond, the unit weight of coal ash, and the seismic acceleration.
Naïve or Persistent Optimism? The Changing Vocational Aspirations of Children of Immigrants at the Transition from School to Work
Authors: Möser Sara
Published: July 2022

Children of immigrants are found to have higher aspirations than their native peers, despite lower educational outcomes and poor labour market opportunities. Analysing the development of aspirations shows that students with a migration background not only aim high while still in compulsory education, but also stay optimistic. This persistent optimism indicates that the high aspirations are not the result of a naïve misconception of labour market opportunities, but that the children of immigrants are inherently more ambitious than their native peers.
When the Set of Known Opportunities Broadens: Aspirations and Imagined Futures of Undocumented Migrants Applying for Regularization
Authors: Consoli Liala , Burton-Jeangros Claudine , Jackson Yves
Published: July 2022

This qualitative study describes the aspirations that led migrants to stay in Switzerland for more than 10 years in an irregular residence situation and how their aspirations are transformed with the implementation of a regularization program. The prospect of regularization allows undocumented migrants to project themselves more positively into the future. However, there are important differences between young adults, those with children in Switzerland, those living in transnational families, elderly migrants and single parents.
Socio-Judicial Intervention at the Risk of the Incident: Autopsy of an Administrative Investigation Report
Authors: Lambelet Daniel
Published: July 2022

Against the backdrop of a strengthening of security concerns in the context of contemporary penalties (Feeley and Simon 1992; Garland 2001), this article takes as its subject the administrative investigation report written following a recent tragic incident in French-speaking Switzerland ("the Payerne drama"). It aims to analyse the discursive functioning of this document and the performative effects that the scripting of the production of security, organised therein, has on socio-judicial supervision practices.
Paths to Radicalization: About Someone Who Does Not Believe and Yet Almost Moved out to Join the "Islamic State"
Authors: Endres Jürgen
Published: July 2022

This article explores the question of which factors and dynamics lead also non-religious people to join the so-called "Islamic State". The analysis starts with the biographical reconstruction of a radicalization process in Switzerland, the results of which are linked with sociological and socio-psychological explanations from the research on radicalization and extremism. The article shows that also in the field of "Islamic extremism" radicalization processes do not necessarily have to be ideologically or religiously underpinned, and that there are therefore doubts as to the comprehensive explanatory power of the religious paradigm.
Effect of Employee Benefits on Organizational Growth of Consumer Goods Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Agubata Nonye Stella , Okolo Livinus Ikenna , Ogwu Stephen Obinozie
Published: July 2022

Employees have physical and emotional needs so the wellbeing of the workforce cannot be overlooked. This study examined the effect of employee benefits on business growth using a sample of ten consumer goods companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The panel data used in this study is from the annual report of the individual companies from 2012-2019 and was analyzed using the Eviews. The study carried out descriptive statistics with undistorted original data; tests such as Pearson correlation and the variance inflation factor were also performed. Finally, the Pesaran CD test was used to check the cross-sectional dependence before estimating the panel regression, which corrected the cross-sectional dependence with Period SUR. The Fixed Effect regression result showed that gratuity, pension and medical allowance, which were the measures of employee benefits, had a positive significant effect on organizational growth (measured in terms of assets), The study, therefore, concludes that employee benefits in the consumer goods sector have a positive and significant effect on business growth, with the exception of the medical allowance. Therefore, the study recommends that business organizations trying to get the most out of employees for growth should initiate and improve the payment of benefits to employees and initiate and improve pension payment.
Understanding and Promoting the ‘Leaving No One Behind’ Ambition Regarding the Sustainable Development Agenda: A Review
Authors: Mensah Justice , Mensah Amos , Mensah Aba Nyameyie
Published: July 2022

With the adoption of the 2015–2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the United Nations (UN) Member States pledged to ensure that no one would be left behind. This article highlights the essentials (meaning, importance, history, framework, pillars, related key studies, and role of key actors) in respect of the ‘Leaving No One Behind’ (LNOB) pledge. The review shows that the LNOB pledge has three-pronged strategic development imperatives: (i) to end poverty in all its forms, (ii) to stop the discrimination and inequality that have resulted in unequal outcomes for the disadvantaged population, and (iii) to reach the furthest behind first. The framework for achieving the ambition is anchored on implementing the SDGs, ‘empowering the left-behind by ensuring their meaningful participation in decision-making; and enforcing equity-focused policies, and interventions with a dedicated budget to support rights-holders and duty-bearers to address the deprivations of the people left behind. The UN, Governments, Businesses, Civil Society Organisations and other actors should collaborate to translate the mantra into reality by addressing the pervasive societal issues of poverty, inequality, and discrimination. Germane to achieving the LNOB ambition are reliable disaggregated people-centered data, research, and stakeholder/actor commitment to the pledge.
Allergen immunotherapy and shared decision-making
Authors: Settipane Russell A. , Bukstein Don A.
Published: July 2022

Clinical decision-making in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis management involves a significant degree of complexity given the number of pharmaceutical agents; the option for allergen immunotherapy (AIT); and the risk for disease advancement, including the development of asthma as well as new environmental allergic sensitivities. Given the complex array of treatment options that are currently available, there is an opportunity to use a shared decision-making (SDM) approach with associated aids and tools that facilitate the interactive participation of practitioners and patients in the SDM process. This article reviews the general constructs of SDM, the unmet need for SDM aids, the collection of patient preference data for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, the utility of SDM aids which have been specifically created for AIT, and outlines actionable steps to implement AIT SDM in clinical practice.
Construyendo políticas culturales descolonizadoras. La interculturalidad como recurso de ciudadanía y democracia sustantiva
Authors: Lao-Montes Agustin
Published: July 2022

Potenciar las políticas culturales como recursos de ciudadanía y democracia sustantiva requiere un trabajo analítico de problematizar el concepto mismo de cultura, su genealogía, sus usos y abusos. Este trabajo recorre ese camino en su trayectoria del “giro cultural” que se dio a través de los Estudios Culturales para llegar al “giro descolonial” que sirve de base histórica, teórica y política para elaborar la interculturalidad como principio epistémico y ético-político de la descolonización en tanto proceso de construcción de un orden socioeconómico, político y cultural radicalmente justo y democrático. En esa vertiente de análisis, el artículo realiza una suerte de genealogía del campo de las políticas culturales en América Latina a partir del surgimiento de los estado-nación en el Siglo XIX, enfocando en la emergencia de políticas de interculturalidad a finales del Siglo XX, catalizadas por las acciones colectivas de movimientos sociales, sobre todo Afrodescendientes e Indígenas. Se analizan diferentes discursos y políticas de interculturalidad que corresponden a distintos proyectos raciales, concepciones de ciudadanía, y paradigmas de democracia. El artículo cierra examinando las políticas de interculturalidad a escalas locales y regionales poniendo el foco en Colombia desde la posicionalidad y perspectiva interseccional del feminismo descolonial.
Effect of Boundary Conditions on Impact Stresses of Beams
Authors: Al-Hachamee Eyad K. S.
Published: July 2022

A theoretical analysis based on the numerical solution of the beam impact integral equation is carried out to determine the impact force and deflection time histories, the strain energy absorbed by the beams and the maximum bending moment. Effect of beam boundary conditions on impact response of beam is also discussed. The theoretical results obtained in the present analysis are compared with experimental and theoretical works previously done. A good agreement is found between theoretical and experimental results. This indicates that the impact resistance of relatively large beams may be predicted by using the theoretical approach based on equation of undamped beam vibration. All the derivations required to predict the effect of boundary conditions are performed for both forced and free vibrations. For the same falling mass and the same applied kinetic energy (height of drop) for all cases, the maximum central deflection and the maximum impact force are affected by the boundary conditions of the beams
Improvement of Expansive Clayey Soil With Lime Waste
Authors: Al-kiki Ibrahim M.
Published: July 2022

This research aims the study of utilizing the industrial wastes (solid wastes /lime) for the improvement and stabilization of engineering properties of expansive clayey soil. The soil under study is taken from the location of Al-Nahrawan district-Mosul- city and is described as an appropriate for foundation layer or layers under foundations of roads and facilities because its weakness and its high swelling. It was classified as type (CH) according to The Unified Classification System, the percentage of fine particles was (91%) . This type of soil was treated by using four percentages of industrial wastes of soil weight (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%), the wastes were obtained from the factory of sugar and ferment in Mosul . The study shows that increase of wastes in the soil decreases the plasticity index of soil (PI) and the soil became Non –Plastic (N.P) at (6%) of wastes. It was shown that the different concentrations of industrial weight in the soil lower the rate of ion exchange and the percentage of upheaval in the soil which was stabilized at 6%. Besides, it was shown that the industrial wastes increase the alkalinity of soil to its maximum. The results of the compaction tests showed that treating soil with industrial wastes led to the increase in the optimum moister content and decrease in the maximum dry density, as far as the lime waste increase the unconfined compressive strength and the shear strength parameters (angle of internal friction (ǿ) and cohesion (ć)). Accordingly, the industrial wastes (lime wastes) may be considered advantageous in effect to the engineering characteristics of finer soil and these wastes can be utilized in groundwork for roads especially for cheap and temporary ways, and it can be used in refilling ground works for buildings .
Assessment of Settlement of Shallow Foundations Erected Near Slopes of Sandy Soil
Authors: Zedan Adnan Jayed
Published: July 2022

In this study, the behaviour of shallow foundations near slopes is studied using nonlinear elastic finite element analysis. Forty-four cases of strip footings resting on cohesionless soils that were studied by Sud (1984)[1] through model tests, have been analyzed. Pressure-settlement relations has been compared with experimental results of (Sud, 1984) [1], and a good agreement between the two has been observed. Ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundations near slopes was evaluated using the intersection of two tangents of pressure-settlement curve. The values of ultimate bearing capacity agree well also with (Sud, 1984) [1]. A non-dimensional correlation has been developed between the settlement of footing erected near slope (Sβ) and the settlement of footing resting on level ground (So). The relationship (Sβ/So versus De/B) can be expressed by a unique relation for different slope angles (β). This relation has been found to be dependent on distance of the edge of the footing from slope shoulder; De, and angle of slope; β, while it is independent of the relative density of sand; DR, and the factor of safety. By knowing the settlement of a footing resting on a level ground, the settlement of a footing erected near slope can be evaluated using this correlation.
Bubbles Coalescence Frequency and Transition Concentration in Bubble Column
Authors: Hanna Fadi Z. , Hamawand Ihsan B.
Published: July 2022

Bubbles coalescence frequency and the transition concentration in a dispersion column were studied experimentally by using ethanol-water mixture as a liquid phase and air as a gas phase. The study was devoted to express the effect of the liquid properties on the performance of the dispersion column, and the experimental work was designed for this purpose, where the range of weight percent of ethanol in water, (0.1-0.7) Wt%, and the range of superficial gas velocity of air, (2.5-30) mm/s. The experimental runs were planned using the central composite routable design method. The experimental data obtained agreed quite well with a polynomial type of correlations by using computer program. The experimental data shows that the values of bubble coalescence decrease with increasing superficial gas velocity of air, and ethanol transition concentration was successfully correlated as a function of the superficial gas velocity of air,

ct= 0.158214 − 0.010849Ug + 0.00045Ug2 − 0.000008Ug3 . This equation gives mean deviation of 10.393%.
La particule emphatique tun ‘dès’ en haoussa
Authors: Abdoulaye Mahamane L.
Published: July 2022

Cet article affirme que la particule tun en haoussa, contrairement aux caractérisations antérieures, ne signifie pas ‘depuis’, mais a un sens temporel emphatique plus proche de la particule "dès" en français. Cette nouvelle caractérisation rend compte des usages connus et moins connus de tun, et est conforme au fait que tun n'a pas directement développé un usage spatial ou causal, contrairement aux vraies particules signifiant ‘depuis’, en haoussa ou dans d'autres langues.
Corpus, enquête, système. Et la langue? Réflexions sur l'objet de la linguistique.
Authors: Mahmoudian Mortéza
Published: July 2022

Où est l'objet langue dans les recherches qui mettent l'accent sur les conditions formelles? Pour illustrer mon interrogation je prendrai l'exemple du corpus, actuellement en vogue. L'idée de corpus remonte aux années 30-50 du siècle dernier. A cette époque, précurseurs et structuralistes cherchaient à définir pour la linguistique un objet concret, et à garantir ainsi son objectivité, donc sa scientificité. A la même époque, et par le même souci d'objectivité, est proposée une autre technique d'observation: enquête par questionnaire. Cet effort – méritoire – n'en soulève pas moins des questions sur les plans tant théorique que pratique. Ces concepts – corpus et enquête – s'inscrivent dans un cadre théorique où l'on conçoit les langues dotées d'une structure sui generis. Dans cette perspective, la structure de chaque langue a des spécificités que l'on ne peut circonscrire qu'à travers l'observation et l'étude de son usage. La présente étude vise à montrer la portée, mais aussi les limites du recours à ces techniques. On y soulève un paradoxe dans le rapport entre une structure censément finie et des données (recueillies par corpus et/ou enquête) extensibles ad libitum. Une issue possible de ce paradoxe serait d'opter pour une conception relative et complexe de la structure et d'abandonner la structure finie, et les implications qui en découlent.
« IRISH ACCENTS DRIVE ME NUTS »: THE REPRESENTATION OF IRISH SPEECH IN DC COMICS
Authors: Walshe Shane
Published: July 2022

This article investigates the depiction of Irish speech and Irishness in American popular culture. It compares the language of Irish superheroes in the Marvel universe with that of Irish characters who appear in DC comics. It shows that the linguistic description of the characters hinges on perceived salient features and it discusses differences between the two comic-book worlds, as well as the question of to what degree the two representations are grounded in reality.
Questionner le niveau méso-interactionnel comme lieu d’articulation entre langage et activité
Authors: Jacquin Jérôme , Gradoux Xavierr
Published: July 2022

Cette publication est le fruit d'une journée d'étude, qui a eu lieu à l'Université de Lausanne le 30 septembre 2013 et qui a été l'occasion pour quatre chercheurs expérimentés d'interroger la pertinence d'un niveau d'analyse intermédiaire, dit « méso-interactionnel », en tant que lieu particulier pour questionner le rapport entre langage et activité. Si ce niveau est facilement saisissable intuitivement, correspondant aux différentes activités ou tâches accomplies dans l’interaction, telles que se raconter une histoire, se mettre d’accord sur une heure de rendez-vous ou discuter de prochaines vacances, il s’avère que son appréhension théorique, méthodologique et analytique est complexe et cristallise des différences de points de vue intéressantes sur les manières d’approcher la structuration des rencontres interpersonnelles.
Quelques notions pour saisir le niveau mésointeractionnel dans l’interaction didactique plurilingue : liage, pointage, progression, séquence
Authors: Gajo Laurent
Published: July 2022

L’existence d’un niveau « méso » dans l’organisation des interactions apparait, de manière particulièrement visible, dans des situations institutionnelles et plurilingues. Dans les deux cas, en effet, existent des modalités plus ou moins déclarées d’organisation qui, on s’en doute, donnent une empreinte aux interactions singulières. Toutefois, l’enjeu sera ici d’identifier la pertinence de cette empreinte au fil de l’interaction, notamment à travers des phénomènes de projection et d’ancrage.
Ščerba’s Leningrad Phonological School in the XXI Century
Authors: Skrelin Pavel
Published: July 2022

It has been commonly accepted that Lev Ščerba’s concept of the phoneme as the smallest unit of the sound structure that can serve to differentiate words (Ščerba 1974: 156-158) has had the strongest influence on the development of general phoneme theory, as it provided a new and widely accepted link between sounds and meaning. At the same time, Ščerba did not regard phonetics and phonology as independent from one another. Rather he emphasized the importance of experimental phonetic studies since the phonetic material obtained from the analysis of real speech events provides the basis for phonological generalizations. Ščerba’s (The Leningrad / St. Petersburg) phonological school has been known for thecombination of theoretical postulates based on the analysis of the language system with careful experimental verification of the features of its sound manifestation.
A Linguistic Analysis of the Codex Bononiensis
Authors: Schuhmann Roland
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the recently discovered Codex Bononiensis is linguistically analysed.  First,  the  scribal  practice  (abbreviations),  some  phonological  features  and the grammar in the fragment will be compared with what is found in standard Biblical  Gothic.  Second,  the  newly  transmitted  words  (agisleiks*, 1  dagands*,  fairjan*, jiuht[s]*, skaps*, liuþ* and leiks) will be dealt with etymologically.
E.D. Polivanov and the Georgian language: synchronic questions and diachronic perspectives
Authors: Tomelleri Vittorio Springfield
Published: July 2022

The present paper deals with a short contribution which E.D. Polivanov published in 1925 in the scientific journal of the Central Asia State University during his stay and work at the University of Taškent. Polivanov’s text presents a phonological analysis of the Georgian consonant system and aims at making the transcription system devised by the academician N.Ja. Marr for the rendering of Georgian sounds comparable with the better known and more useful alphabet of the International Phonetic Association.

In addition to the synchronic description and classification of Georgian con-sonants, in which, contrary to the customary interpretation, weak aspiration of voiceless plosives is claimed, Polivanov offers an interesting diachronic ex-planation of the defective postvelar (uvular) series, which in contemporary standard Georgian features only the voiceless ejective member; his reconstruction of the former system is based on typological assumptions about the different behaviour of voiced and voiceless obstruents with respect to lenition (spirantisation).

Some years later, the Georgian linguist G.S. Axvlediani provided ar-guments, based on internal reconstruction, which confirmed and further developed Polivanov’s hypothesis. Although he had reviewed Polivanov’s contribution for a Georgian journal in 1926, Axvlediani did not mention it in his later work, probably because Polivanov in the meanwhile had become persona non grata in Soviet lin-guistics for his open criticism of Marr’s linguistic theory.
Les facteurs temps et espace et le sort des dialectes russes à l’aube de la Révolution
Authors: Simonato Elena
Published: July 2022

Le présent article s’intéresse à deux études portant sur l’évolution de la situation des dialectes russes réalisées dans le village de Vanilovo par le dialectologue Nikolaj Karinskij. Karinskij dégage les tendances principales de l’évolution des dialectes dans le temps et dans l’espace. Peu connu des slavisants à l’étranger, Karinskij a eu la possibilité de confronter la situation d’un même dialecte avant et après la Révolution, en 1916, et en 1932.
Well, they spoke odd, if I remember». On time-related changes in sociolinguistics
Authors: Iannàccaro Gabriele
Published: July 2022

The paper discusses a number of innovative qualitative interpretations of quantitative approaches to the sociolinguistic variable «time», with special attention on language decay and/or maintenance. Namely, the «Sharp Arrow method», the «InterGenerational Variation Index» and the Smooth/Curved Arrows method» are here described and proposed, in order to measure the cross-linguistic shifting by comparing different linguistic situations on the basis of the data drawn on from three multilingual areas in Europe: the Dolomites region, the Aosta Valley (both situated in Northern Italy) and Latgalia/Latgale, one of the four historical and cultural regions of Latvia.
L’interjection et le problème du signe linguistique chez R.O. Šor
Authors: Velmezova Ekaterina
Published: July 2022

Dans les années 1920-1930, plusieurs linguistes russes travaillant sur les interjec-tions subirent une influence importante de la part du Cours de linguistique générale signé F. de Saussure. Significatives sous ce rapport étaient les thèses-clés de cet ouvrage, plutôt que ce qui y était dit sur ces mots problématiques (exclamations et onomatopées, qu’on classait souvent en Russie parmi les interjections) en tant que tels. L’un des mérites des textes de R.O. Šor sur les interjections consiste en ses réflexions au sujet de la nature du signe linguistique, qui lui permettent de tracer une frontière de caractère sémiotique entre langue et langage.
R.O. Šor, les langues artificielles et le travail sur la langue
Authors: Moret Sébastien
Published: July 2022

À plusieurs reprises, entre le milieu des années 1920 et le début des années 1930, le nom de la linguiste R.O. Šor fut au centre de petits articles parus dans la presse espérantiste soviétique. Cette presse lui reprochait son rapport au phénomène des langues artificielles et l’accusait d’avoir sur le sujet la même attitude que les lin- guistes «bourgeois». Quand on sait que Šor prit une part active au mouvement soviétique de recherche d’une linguistique «marxiste» et «matérialiste» chargée de remplacer la linguistique «bourgeoise», on ne peut qu’être surpris par la critique. L’objectif du présent article sera donc de s’interroger sur le rapport de Šor aux langues artificielles et, plus généralement, sur ce qu’elle a appelé dans un article le «travail sur la langue», afin de voir si les critiques espérantistes étaient justifiées ou non. L’analyse des propos de Šor sur les sujets cités nous permettra aussi de présen- ter certaines de ses idées concernant ce que devrait être la linguistique «marxiste» et «matérialiste».
«Ils s'opposaient à tout le monde» Le statut de la pensée chez Potebnja vu par Jakobson
Authors: Glanc Tomaš
Published: July 2022

La forme interne du mot et le rapport entre le langage et la pensée, deux formes centrales dans la réflexion de Potebnja, préoccupent Jakobson dès le début de ses activités scientifiques. Dans sa première monographie La poésie russe contemporaine, elles sont déjà implicitement présentes (incluant la relation entre la notion de «littérarité» et la forme interne du mot), comme l’a démontré Viktor Vinogradov dans son compte-rendu de cet ouvrage, où il qualifie Jakobson de subjectiviste dilettante pour ses emprunts à Potebnja. Des mentions explicites de Potebnja et de son rôle dans la pensée philologique formaliste et structuraliste de Jakobson prennent chez celui-ci diverses formes, à commencer par un refus catégorique à l’époque du Cercle linguistique de Moscou jusqu’à donner à Potebnja, dans les travaux de Jakobson des années 1930, le statut de précurseur du formalisme, au même titre que Andrej Belyj et Aleksandr Veselovskij. Dans mon article, j’entreprends de dégager et de repenser certaines appréciations des textes de Potebnja dans les travaux de Jakobson, appréciations qui témoignent aussi bien des méthodes qu’emploie Jakobson pour soumettre les apports intellectuels des prédécesseurs à ses propres intentions que de sa critique créatrice d’images et de contenus des conceptions adverses (psychologisme, herbartisme, etc.).
Matérialisme ou mentalisme ? Une querelle post-marriste à propos de Potebnja (années 1930-40)
Authors: Sériot Patrick
Published: July 2022

S’il s’avère que la pensée a une histoire, alors qu’en est-il de l’universalisme kantien? Telle est la question qui agitait les esprits à Léningrad dans les années 1930-40. Loin de l’image étouffante du stalinisme omniprésent que les sciences politiques donnent habituellement de cette période, la philosophie du langage des typologues post-marristes se heurte à la lecture de Potebnja et tente d’en donner une interprétation où la psychologie idéaliste devient, par oxymore, une sorte de mentalisme matérialiste. Cette discussion, sur un fond de vocabulaire marxiste, rappelle étonnamment les écrits de psycho-linguistes anti-structuralistes français de la même époque comme Damourette et Pichon. Les lignes de partage sont à revoir complètement.
Une analyse de la conjugaison française basée sur les données
Authors: Boyé Gilles
Published: July 2022

À quoi devrait ressembler une analyse de la conjugaison française basée sur les données ? D’abord, une telle analyse devrait probablement prendre en compte de larges quantités de données. Or, je ne dispose que de lexiques, c’est-à-dire d’une petite quantité de données, compilées à partir de données plus importantes collectées par d’autres personnes. Parlons donc en premier lieu de ce problème.
L'usage des corpus oraux pour la recherche sur l'acquisition
Authors: Gillis Steven
Published: July 2022

Mon exposé portera sur l'usage des corpus oraux dans la recherche sur l'acquisition du langage. Je parlerai d'abord des corpus utilisés dans ce domaine et en particulier du problème de la rareté des données. Ensuite je présenterai trois solutions à ce problème : la base de données CHILDES2, la technologie LENA™ 3 et finalement Deb ROY. Enfin, j'aimerais revenir à la question de la rareté des données et proposer quelques pistes pour l'aborder.
V. Žirmunskij et la typologie des langues
Authors: Comtet Roger
Published: July 2022

Au cours de sa longue carrière académique, le germaniste V. Žirmunskij s’est illustré aussi bien en histoire et théorie littéraire qu’en folkloristique et linguistique, même si ce dernier volet de son oeuvre est parfois occulté; son oeuvre en linguistique germanique et générale est pourtant considérable et elle est dominée par la problématique de la typologie des langues. Pour évaluer son apport en ce domaine, on procèdera tout d’abord à un bref historique de l’antagonisme entre classification et typologie des langues chez les linguistes du XIXème siècle avant de suivre les différentes étapes de sa réflexion en ce domaine; ses premières études dialectologiques sont conçues dans l’optique de la linguistique aréale, elles associent structuralisme, synchronie et géographie linguistique et lui ouvrent la voie d’une approche purement typologique. La seconde étape est marquée par son application à l’analyse comparée des langues des schémas de N. Marr et I. Meščaninov, synthèse de la typologie et de l’historisme; après avoir d’abord intégré une vision sociologique marxiste à ses recherches, il est amené à retrouver les mêmes schémas d’évolution dans des langues non apparentées ou même privées de tout contact, ce qu’il relie à des modèles universels d’évolution de la pensée humaine suivant une même séquence universelle des différents types de société. Suite à la discussion linguistique de 1950, Žirmunskij revient à la classification génétique traditionnelle en en faisant un préalable indispensable aux études typologiques qu’il va multiplier dans le contexte des années 1960 (la thématique des «universaux»). Cette évolution illustre l’étendue de l’encyclopédisme érudit de Žirmunskij ainsi que son don pour les vastes synthèses et une ouverture d’esprit qui en font un compagnon de route privilégié de la linguistique russe; il est par ailleurs remarquable que les mêmes étapes, la même pensée, se retrouvent dans les études de littérature et de folkloristique comparée qu’il a toujours menées en parallèle. Il est par là, comme tant d’autres illustres savants russes, un digne héritier de la tradition philologique universitaire russe prérévolutionnaire.
Les faux amis du traducteur: quelques jalons dans le parcours historique d’un concept
Authors: Jara-Bouimarine Malika
Published: July 2022

Depuis les années 1920, les faux amis dans la traductologie se trouvent être le terme utilisé pour parler du phénomène de ressemblance entre des mots à travers différents systèmes linguistiques. Il s’agira ici d’aborder les tentatives de définition de ce phénomène à travers plusieurs époques et plusieurs langues et «traditions» linguistiques.
Etudes des dialectes des colonies italiennes en Russie à l’université de Saint-Pétersbourg
Authors: Kokoshkina Svetlana
Published: July 2022

Cette contribution s’intéresse à l’histoire des études linguistiques ayant porté sur les dialectes des Italiens établis au Sud de la Russie. Elle se focalisera sur les recherches en dialectologie des colonies situées sur les côtes septentrionales de la mer Noire, ainsi qu’en Crimée, conduites dans les années 1930 et 1960 par les chercheurs rattachés au département de philologie romane de l’université de Saint-Pétersbourg. Il s’agit de recherches inspirées par le même courant d’idées que celles de Borodina qui ont porté sur le parler des Suisses de Chabag, d’où l’intérêt qu’elles présentent pour le projet de recherche commun.
Le parler de Chabag
Authors: Simonato Elena
Published: July 2022

En paraphrasant cette célèbre citation d’Umberto Eco, je pourrais dire qu’aujourd’hui, de la colonie de Chabo/Chabag, de sa culture, de son parler, il ne nous reste que le nom. C’est grâce à des documents méconnus sur Chabag conservés dans les archives de l’Académie des sciences de Russie à Saint-Pétersbourg que je me propose de reconstruire ce que fut autrefois son parler.
Le développement des formes analogiques de 3pl des enfants québécois au primaire
Authors: Morin Yves Charles
Published: July 2022

Dans sa recherche sur l'apprentissage de la norme des marques du pluriel en français, Hébert (1977) a recueilli en 1973 de nombreuses données nouvelles sur l'usage (provoqué) d'une population représentative d'enfants québécois entre les âges de cinq et onze ans, qui illustrent la mise en place du système morphologique verbal dans la grammaire mentale des enfants de ce groupe d'âge et que je réexaminerai ici en montrant comment elles permettent de mieux comprendre la dynamique interne propre au système morphologique du français, sa stabilisation dans la grammaire mentale du sujet parlant, et la relation entre la mise en place de ce système, l'actuation et la transmission du changement historique.
La nécessité de la perception d’objets concrets dans la construction du signe chez le bébé : quelques réflexions
Authors: Surcouf Christian
Published: July 2022

Si à la suite de Saussure (1916/1994, 99), on envisage le signe comme l'association d'un signifié et d'un signifiant, en quoi, durant l'acquisition, la perception d'objets concrets par les cinq sens (vision, audition, toucher, olfaction, gout) permettrait-elle la mise en place de l'une des treize fonctions essentielles de la langue répertoriées par Hockett (1960, 90), soit en l'occurrence, la possibilité d'utiliser un signe pour renvoyer à un référent absent? Dans cet article, seront proposées quelques pistes de réflexion mettant l'accent sur l'importance du contraste présence absence, et le rôle probablement fondamental que joue à cet égard l'objet concret dans la construction du signe, entendu dans son sens saussurien.
La construction identitaire d’une communauté digitale : Les Rich Kids of Instagram
Authors: Boiro Abdoulaye , REYMOND Kevin
Published: July 2022

Cet article examine l’utilisation à caractère identitaire des fonctionnalités de la plateforme digitale Instagram par les membres de la communauté Rich Kids of Instagram. En se concentrant sur les « affordances » offertes par ce dispositif, deux axes de recherche sont privilégiés. Tout d’abord, notre intérêt se porte sur le compte Rich Kids of Instagram, en tant que vecteur idéologique et esthétique qui offre à l’utilisateur des ressources essentielles à sa revendication d’appartenance à une communauté digitale spécifique. Pour ce faire, nous analyserons à la fois les images et les commentaires présents dans les publications du compte Instagram en question. Ceci nous permettra alors de distinguer les dynamiques de co construction identitaire qui sont à l’oeuvre dans l’interaction entre la mise en scène du Soi par les membres de la communauté et un public extérieur. Enfin, nous considérerons les fonctions du hashtag propre à la communauté, ainsi que l’utilisation stratégique qu’en font les utilisateurs.
Repenser les pratiques de la publicité : l’exemple de facebook
Authors: Müller Joanna , Rose John
Published: July 2022

Cet article s’applique à observer de quelle manière la reconfiguration de la pratique publicitaire dans le digital impacte la notion de communauté. Les données présentées sont extraites du dispositif Facebook. La notion de communauté est centrale au dispositif Facebook; celui-ci, au travers notamment des demandes d’"amis’ et des adhésions aux pages, regroupe les utilisateurs et les définit comme partie intégrante d’une communauté digitale. Les fonctionnalités inhérentes à ce réseau social (like, partage, commentaires) offrent de nouvelles possibilités aux annonceurs et participent à une reconfiguration de la notion de communauté dans les pratiques publicitaires.
WhatsApp voice messaging as an emergent digital practice : a multi-method analysis
Authors: Emery Robin
Published: July 2022

In this contribution, I describe the development process of my Masters thesis in which I investigated WhatsApp Voice Messaging through a multi-method approach, using Conversation Analysis in combination with ethnographic methods. This exploratory study allowed me to classify WhatsApp Voice Messaging within Susan Herring’s Faceted Classification Scheme for Computer-Mediated Discourse (2007). In the first part, I introduce Voice Messaging and provide some background for the reader to understand the elements founding the multi-method I used. Next, I describe my methodology step-by-step in a comprehensive way. Then I take the reader through a detailed analysis of three selected findings, assembling complementary results. Finally, I list the limitations of my methodology and provide some orientation for future research.
News from the newsroom
Authors: Burger Marcel
Published: July 2022

This volume arises from a series of discussions, workshops & panels of our research network in media linguistics1. In terms of methodology, the focus is on the link between discourse studies and ethnographic approaches to news journalism practices. In terms of analysis, the researchers of the network consider both news products and newsmaking processes. The aim is to better understand how journalists work according to evidence of the “circular circulation of information” characterizing news journalism (Bourdieu 1998: 23). Put in other words, news is what (other) news media speak and write about (or don’t) (see Messner & DiStaso 2008). Our starting point for reflection is why, how, when and what is at stake with journalistic decisions and choices about news.
Telling stories from the newsroom: a linguistic ethnographic account of dramatization in broadcast news
Authors: Merminod Gilles
Published: July 2022

Drawing on Linguistic Ethnography and Narrative Studies, the paper hones in on the on-going production of a news item about an airplane crash in Indonesia broadcasted by the Swiss French-speaking public TV in 2007. It shows how telling a story in the news is a team performance: from the structuring of the narrative to the dramatization of the reported events. The analysis focuses on a preliminary narrative sequence occurring at the beginning of the news item. It details step by step how and on the basis of what criteria media practitioners negotiate their narrative choices and what leads them to adopt a particular narrative configuration over another.
Socializing mechanisms in the routinized practice in the newsroom
Authors: Gravengaard Gitte
Published: July 2022

Based on ethnographic observations in newsrooms and interviews conducted with 12 Danish journalist trainees, this paper will analyze and categorize socializing mechanisms in the newsroom – that is social actions performed by the experienced journalists and the editors – the socialising agents – in order to encourage the interns to act, think and feel in ways desirable for the organisation. In these socialising processes we see both the very visible and explicit ways of socializing clearly demonstrating that an intern has displayed culturally desirable or undesirable behaviour. And we see the more invisible and implicit ways of socializing consisting of everyday actions in the routinised practice aimed at making interns behave in a certain way. The study presented is part of a recent linguistic turn within newsroom studies where the detailed analyses of the micro-level of discourse and interaction is combined with the analyses of social structure, institutional roles, identities, and cultural practice.