bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Foreign Investment Laws in Ghana and South Africa: –A Review
Authors: Mamphey - Otibo Dorothy
Published: October 2020

Over the last decade, Ghana and South Africa have been among some African countries that have become more entrenched in foreign direct investment (FDI). The past quarter of the century has witnessed a remarkable growth in world foreign direct investment flows, coupled with the evolving investment strategies of national policies globally. This paper examines and compares the legislative frameworks and regulatory policies governing FDIs in South Africa and Ghana and the hurdles that need to be overcome to ensure smooth implementation of these policies. This has become evident in their current enactment of their regulations with the object of promoting investments in these economies. However, these jurisdictions have restrictions placed on their regulations; hence, putting frustrations on foreign direct investments. It appears that although in terms of overall statutory FDI regulations, African countries are on the average not more restrictive than other developing nations, some of these countries have obstacles that are both severe and restrictive such as land ownership, whether discriminatory or general in nature, act as an important deterrent to foreign investment. This discussion would focus on comparing restrictions imposed by legislation or policies affecting Soith Africa anf Ghana with regards to foreign direct investment. And disputes that emerge due to the restrictions among the jurisdictions.Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth, International Law, Legislative Framework, Regulatory Bodies, Bilateral Investment Treaties.
Food Preferences Of Customers Of Food Service Establishments In Ho, Ghana
Authors: Nti Gifty Akpene , Kugbonu Mawufemor Abla
Published: October 2020

Eating outside the home has become more common these days, however customers are selective in their choice of food. The purpose of this paper is to assess the food preference of customers of food service establishments in Ho. The study was descriptive and systematic sampling method was used to gather data from 384 customers of selected food service establishment in Ho using questionnaire. A chi-square test revealed significant relationships between customers’ socio-demographic characteristics such as educational level, marital status, ethnicity, occupation, monthly income and their preference of food. The study revealed that Banku with okro soup, Banku with grilled tilapia, Fufu with soup, French fries with grilled chicken were the most the preferred foods purchased in food service establishment in Ho. The study found that people prefer to purchase foods (banku wth okro soup, banku with grilled tilapia and fufu with light soup) which demand strength, effort and more time to prepare in order to avoid the stress associated with preparing those meals.

Keywords: Food; Preferences; Customers; Food Service Establishment; Ho
Relationship between Psychological Contract and Job Satisfaction of Staff of Accra Technical University
Authors: Ampofo-Ansah Christine , Sarkodie-Baffoe Rita
Published: October 2020

The study investigated the relationship between psychological contract and job satisfaction of staff of Accra Technical University. A descriptive survey design was used with the target population being both teaching and non-teaching staff of Accra Technical University. Purposive sampling technique was used to sample a total of 300 respondents .  A total of 270 responded to the questionnaires out of a target sample of 300 staff. The study revealed that, there was a relationship between perceived psychological contract and job satisfaction. Using linear regression analysis, the study showed that an increase in the overall fulfillment of obligations and promises (psychological contract) by both Teaching and Non-teaching staff would directly cause an increase in job satisfaction. Another key finding of the study was that, in general the staff perceived they fulfilled their promises and obligations to a greater extent to the university, while the university fulfilled its promises and obligations  to a lesser extent, which meant there was inverse relation between what the staff offered to the university and what the university offered and this caused a breach of psychological contract which in turn bred job dissatisfaction. This study then recommends that management  revised its recruitment policy and emphasize on flexibility in terms of career development opportunities and endeavor to fulfill their promises and obligations (psychological contract).
Developing Zeolite Ceramic Filters For Purifying Open Water Sources In Rural Communities
Authors: Nortey Samuel , Acquah Ishmael Nanaba , Tetteh Nathaniel
Published: October 2020

Access to safe drinking water has been a challenge for most rural dwellers in Sub-Sahara Africa who rely on open water sources for their consumption and domestic activities. In attempt to purify water from these open water sources, this study looked at producing zeolite from kaolin with NaOH concentrations through crystallization process, develop ceramic candle filters and subsequent zeolite filter unit to purify unsafe water.  Two procedures were used for the synthesis; pre-treatment or thermal activation of the kaolin at 6500C to get a dehydroxylated product called metakaolin and hydrothermal reaction of metakaolin in alkaline solutions for crystallization of the zeolite. The effect of the zeolite ceramic filter on the users was enormous. Results showed that properties such as turbidity removal, flow rate and coliform removal were within WHO standard after the purification. A pilot study of the zeolite ceramic filter showed improved health standards such as fewer diarrhea, nausea, cramps, vomiting and good skin growth.
A Survey Analysis on Institutional Challenges in implementing Public Private Partnership (PPP) Projects: A perspective from a developing economy of Ghana
Authors: Ishawu Mumuni , Guangyu Chen , Darko Adzimah Emelia , Mohammed Aminu Aliu
Published: October 2020

There is an increasing demand for infrastructure projects all over the world. One important model adopted in providing them is Public –private partnership. To this end, this study aims at identifying the most influential factors as well as new factors that will serve as barriers against the adoption of PPP as a model in procurement of social projects in Technical Universities in Ghana. Using a survey questionnaire, appropriate data were obtained from Ghanaian Technical Universities. In all, a total of 152 questionnaires were collected from the participants. The research found that `lack of governmental guidelines and procedures’ was perceived as the most important factor with a mean score of 4.12. The remaining four factors in descending order include; ‘high risk relying on the public sector, high charge to direct users, very few scheme reach the contract stage and high participation cost. These are depicted with the following mean scores (4.10, 4.02, 4.01 and 3.99 respectively. The factors considered as neither most important nor least important include; less employment positions, lack of experience and appropriate skills, a great deal of management time spent on contract transactions and lengthy delays in negotiations. Interesting enough, the factors that are considered as least important include; excessive restrictions on participations for PPP with a mean score average of 3.67. Also, high project cost and political instability were also perceived as least important. This shows that these two factors were not seen as the same most important hindrances. The results shows that practitioner’s (public institutions and private investors) should consider these key factors as barriers to be address for adoption and implementation of a successful achievement of PPP projects.

Citation: Mumuni Ishawu, Chen Guangyu, Emelia Darko Adzimah, Aliu Mohammed Aminu. A Survey Analysis on Institutional Challenges in implementing Public Private Partnership (PPP) Projects: A perspective from a developing economy of Ghana, 2020; 5 (2): 24－35.

Received: April 14, 2020 Accepted: June 30, 20
Ideas sobre el posconflicto y los acuerdos de la Habana
Authors: Hincapié Sánchez Jennifer
Published: October 2020

Hablar del post conflicto no es una tarea sencilla, considerando que los elementos que determinan la definición del concepto son tan particulares como el conflicto mismo. Caracterizaciones como la cantidad de afectados y de involucrados, los daños al tejido social, las necesidades de inclusión y cambio de discurso que ya no se plantea desde un estado acusador, sino de un país entero que ha de redefinir la forma de los usos del lenguaje, la forma en cómo ve al otro que pertenece a una realidad distinta, donde cada ciudadano es un actor el cual tiene un papel definido a desempeñar y un espacio desde y en el cual ser escuchado, serían las reflexiones necesarias para plantearse un posconflicto efectivo después de cinco décadas de posturas divergentes.
El conflicto armado y la cuestión social en Colombia
Authors: Domínguez Cancelado José Fernelly
Published: October 2020

La violencia es un fenómeno ligado al desarrollo histórico colombiano como uno de los medios, históricamente utilizados, para impedir la aplicación de soluciones institucionales a la Cuestión Social en sus distintas etapas. Inicialmente, como recurso para imponer una “Republica Señorial”, después como base para el sostenimiento de un régimen oligárquico, soportado exclusivamente en los dos partidos tradicionales y en las últimas décadas para garantizar la sobrevivencia de un Estado neoliberal. El fenómeno ha transcurrido desde el ejercicio de la violencia prosaica, que ha incluido la crueldad y la muerte atroz hasta el uso de la violencia legal en condiciones de mayor legitimidad. En palabras de Foucault, M. (1976), se trata de mostrar la evolución general en el ejercicio del poder desde la etapa del “hacer morir o dejar vivir” hasta la implementación de los procesos de paz con las FARC, entendidos como una resultante de la intención de un sector mayoritario de las élites colombianas que ha venido buscando el ejercicio del poder para “hacer vivir y dejar morir”. (Op. Cit.).
Influencia de los impactos antrópicos en la estructura del manglar en la ensenada de Virudó, Bajo Baudó, Chocó, Colombia (parte I)
Authors: Sierra Paz Santiago
Published: October 2020

El manglar conforma un arreglo forestal selvático, ubicado sobre aguas salinas, por lo que se constituye en un puente ecológico entre la selva contigua y la biocenosis marina, por su riqueza maderable e íctica se trata de un ecosistema de gran valor ecológico y comercial, el cual se ve afectado por múltiples actividades antrópicas (tala,pesca, caza),porlo que esta investigación se planteó determinar la influencia de los impactos antrópicos en la estructura del manglar en la ensenada de Virudó, realizar una clasificación etnobotánica de las especies maderables del ecosistema de manglar de Virudó, Bajo Baudó, Chocó, Colombia. La investigación se desarrolló en el manglar de Virudó-Cuevita ubicada en la parte norte del municipio del Bajo Baudó (Chocó), costa pacífico colombiana (05.40248° N; 077.40664° W). Con un enfoque de investigación participativa comunitaria, descriptiva se evaluaron varios ejes temáticos así: reconstruir la historia de uso y explotaciónque el recurso madera del ecosistema manglar de Virudó y reconstruir la cronología de los cambios acontecidos en la estructura y zonificación del ecosistema manglar y en la dinámica costera de la ensenada, ubicando en la base cartográfica de la ensenada los lugares de estos cambios y el tiempo en el cual ocurrieron. Para la zonificación y la estructura del ecosistema de manglar se realizaron 6 transeptos de 200 metros de largo, perpendiculares a la orilla del estero en dirección al interior forestal, estudios de suelos y otros aspectos de laboratorio fueron requeridos. La investigación expone y grafica en mapas aspectos ecológicos del proceso sucesional y de impactos antrópicos así: antes y durante la explotación de tanino (“cortecera”), luego antes, durante y después de la explotación maderera (“pilotera”), recogiendo testimonios del cambio faunístico y forestal. Se encontró que la extracción comercial de madera realizada en el ecosistema de manglar de la ensenada de Virudó en los últimos 50 años ha afectado de forma marcada su complejidad estructural, estos impactos se vieron expresados en la zonación en suelos que tenían un proceso avanzado de sedimentación y consolidación, además, se evidencio una autosucesión del género Rhizophora debido a un retroceso del proceso sedimentológico en la mayor parte de la ensenada. La etnobiología auscultada puso en evidencia el valor del conocimiento popular, el cual señala disminuciones de la oferta ambiental del manglar en cuanto a fauna de uso alimenticio, lo cual se recomienda se investigue en futuros estudios.
Sistematización de experiencias en los aprendizajes con anclaje en la convivencia ciudadana
Authors: Castrillón Cordovez Juan Diego
Published: October 2020

Este escrito ofrece una sistematización de experiencias docentes que se ordenó a identificar estrategias de aprendizaje para promover la convivencia ciudadana en contexto de conflictos.
Las experiencias tienen en cuenta enfoques determinados tanto por principios como resultados esperados desde consideraciones al estudiantado como centro del proceso de aprendizaje. Se ofrece como referente inmediato la reseña de actividades realizadas en tiempo de pandemia del Coronavirus con la invitación a la escucha activa grupos musicales y de cantantes con mensajes para favorecer la convivencia, como contextos para aplicar perspectivas de Pierre Bourdieu y Gianni Vattimo en particular orientados en clave global a quitarle el velo a prejuicios y estereotipos considerando que éste fue un objetivo modular.
Gestión social y desarrollo comunitario
Authors: Moreno Murillo Greison , Dávila Valencia Merlyn Vanessa , Arboleda Truque Rosa Vanessa
Published: October 2020

Introducción Se presenta un proceso de implementación y evaluación de un programa de gestión social tendiente al fomento del desarrollo comunitario en la comunidad negra de Campo Hermoso, zona rural del distrito de Buenaventura, Colombia.
Objetivo. Implementar un programa de gestión social para el fomento del desarrollo comunitario en los habitantes de la comunidad negra, a partir de técnicas y herramientas pedagógicas formativas contextualizadas.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio de tipo mixto que alterna los enfoques cuantitativo y cualitativo con sus diseños, técnicas e instrumentos, los cuales se desarrollaron en las distintas fases del proceso de recolección de la información. Luego del establecimiento de necesidades y prioridades se inició la fase implementación del programa y, posteriormente, su evaluación e impacto en la tendencia al desarrollo comunitario.
Resultados. La implementación del programa pudo aportar a la visibilización de las urgentes necesidades de sus pobladores en torno a la mejora de los procesos de gestión al interior de su comunidad, teniendo en cuenta la formación en contenidos programáticos relacionados con la participación comunitaria, resolución de conflictos, gestión ambiental, técnicas de producción agrícola y cooperativismo, entre otras.
Conclusiones. Los habitantes de la comunidad consideran el programa de gestión social como una alternativa válida para potenciar sus procesos internos fomentando el liderazgo y adquiriendo competencias y destrezas q
Realidad y ficción en la vida de los jóvenes de calle
Authors: Pinilla Toro Camilo Enrique
Published: October 2020

La calle es el espacio público que habitan los jóvenes de calle como si fuese su hábitat natural, con una vocación genuina. En ella hacen su aprendizaje y proyectan su vida, sea que tengan o no un hogar, una familia biológica de apoyo. El artículo presenta la faceta artística, social, política y ante todo humana de los jóvenes de calle, aquellos que forman parte de un colectivo rap, hip, hop, graffiteros, que en el pasado fueron el huérfano, el pícaro y el vagabundo. Estos jóvenes se distinguen por el tipo de relación que establecen con las instituciones del Estado y por su resistencia a la figura de autoridad como es el padre, el policía, el juez. Para ello se consulta en artículos, estudios, investigaciones, del mismo modo en el corpus ficcional del poema, la canción rap, la novela y la película, en autores cuyas obras dejaron huella como Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Mateo Alemán, Charles Dickens, Patrick Süskind, Emma Reyes, Charles Chaplin, Víctor Gaviria, principalmente. El propósito es presentar a los jóvenes de calle desde la realidad y la ficción, después de consultar y analizar documentos que ofrecen un contenido o discurso empírico, teórico y simbólico. El artículo revela algunas constantes en el mundo de los niños y jóvenes de calle como la asertividad y la libertad y los cambios operados en aspectos como la política pública de protección de poblaciones vulnerables y la forma de rebeldía o resistencia que asumen como un rasgo de identidad. La calle tiene la connotación de espacio público amenazado, de riesgo potencial o peligro, pero también de hogar sustituto, escuela de la vida y espacio donde convergen intereses, expectativas y sueños del colectivo.
Efecto biológico y social de los factores asociados al riesgo cardiovascular en la población adulta joven, revisión documental
Authors: Rodríguez López Danna María , Gutiérrez Escobar Alejandro , Cortes Gómez Nicolás , Calero Saa Pedro Antonio
Published: October 2020

Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares para la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) representan uno de los más grandes problemas en materia de salud pública a nivel mundial, las cuales son consideradas como una de las primeras causas de mortalidad ocasionando 17 millones de muertes por año (1). Según estudios realizados, la población adulto joven tiende a encaminarse hacia la adquisión de conductas y estilos de vida poco saludables, debido a que el ámbito académico produce cambios en estas conductas con complicaciones, tales como, comer entre horas, alto consumo de comidas rápidas, poco tiempo para comer, disminución en la realización de actividad física e incremento de consumo de alcohol y tabaco (2).

Objetivos: Conocer acerca de las variables relacionadas con los efectos biológicos y sociales de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en la población adulta joven.

Materiales y métodos: se realizó una revisión documental de la literatura existente en el período 2010-2020 de acuerdo a los criterios de inclusión y exclusión propuestos.

Resultados y conclusiones: Los resultados encontrados indican que los componentes sociales representan mayor influencia en el desarrollo de los factores de riesgo afectando directamente la dimensión biológica.
Tejidos metodológicos en trabajo social. Reflexiones a partir de la investigación – intervención
Authors: Rengifo Carvajal Juan Esteban , Luna Nieto Alexander
Published: October 2020

El presente capítulo propone una aproximación conceptual y metodológica a la relación: intervención-investigación desde el Trabajo Social, asumiendo la necesidad de volver la mirada sobre las tensas relaciones existentes entre la investigación y la intervención, a través de una mirada desde lo metodológico en el que se incluye lo Epistemológico-Teórico, lo ÉticoPolítico y lo Metódico-Operativo. Esto es, en las complejas tensiones existentes entre: el propio lugar de enunciación del Trabajo Social y sus particulares formas de comprender el mundo para transformarlo, desde la mirada particular de la fenomenología.
Gobernabilidad, movilidad humana y migración venezolana y sus impactos en Colombia
Authors: Tapia Bravo James Eider
Published: October 2020

Venezuela desde hace varios años trae consigo problemas económicos, su economía se ha venido degradando sistemáticamente, día a tras día se cierran más empresas, hay más desempleo y la inflación alcanzo cifras exorbitantes, los inversionistas nacionales e internacionales han emigrado a otros países y se han llevado sus capitales, no existen garantías para la propiedad privada, ni para la libre competencia, la escasez es rampante, los índices de pobreza y pobreza extrema se han incrementado exponencialmente y la pérdida de poder adquisitivo de su moneda a dejado por fuera de competencia a la economía venezolana. El objetivo, entonces, de este artículo, es potenciar un análisis social en materia de políticas públicas para hacer un par de recomendaciones sociales y políticas que orienten un impacto positivo en la región. Se encontró que el gobierno colombiano debe de adoptar una política integral, donde se atiendan a los migrantes venezolanos en todos los sectores, se propenda por la inclusión y se mitigue la xenofobia, una política pública estructural basada en los principios constitucionales y los tratados internacionales, donde se priorice el valor de los seres humanos y la vida sobre las demás cosas.
PENINGKATAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN EXAMPLES DAN NONEXAMPLES PADA SISWA MA NEGERI 2 KOTA MALANG
Authors: Sona Mia El Rahma
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan dan efektivitas model pembelajaran Examples dan Nonexamples  pada pembelajaran Bahasa Arab. Adanya pembiasaan terhadap tugas dan latihan dapat membuat siswa lebih terlatih sehingga deiperoleh nilai yang lebih baik dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian dipeoleh simpulan bahwa penerapan Model Pembelajaran Examples dan Nonexamples   pada pelajaran Bahasa Arab  materi menulis paragraf  narasi  mempunyai pengaruh positif, yaitu dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat pada penerapan model Pembelajaran Examples dan Nonexamples memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa di MAN 2 Kota Malang   yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus, yaitu 62,22% , 69,74%, dan 82,96%.This study aims to describe the application and effectiveness of the Examples and Nonexamples learning model in Arabic learning. The existence of habituation to assignments and exercises can make students more trained so that they get better grades in learning activities. The results of the research concluded that the application of the Examples and Nonexamples Learning Model in Arabic lessons on writing narrative paragraphs had a positive effect, which was to improve student achievement. This can be seen in the application of the Examples and Nonexamples Learning models having a positive impact in improving student achievement in MAN 2 Malang City which is marked by an increase in student learning completeness in each cycle, namely 62.22%, 69.74%, and 82.96 %.
Use of a marking rubric and self-assessment to provide feedforward to level 5 undergraduate Sport students: student perceptions, performance and marking efficiency
Authors: Bradley Eddie John , Anderson Steven , Eagle Laurence
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to identify whether Level 5 Sport students find a rubric and self-assessment helpful in providing feedforward on a lab report, and if the rubric improved performance and marking efficiency. A questionnaire was administered to 58 students in order to identify perceptions. Marking time, report grades and classification were compared with the previous year. A significant improvement in the report mark of 7% (ρ=0.029) from the previous year and an increase in the number of passes in the higher classifications, along with a 25-minute decrease in the mean marking time, were observed. Perceptions of the rubric were generally positive in terms of increasing students’ understanding of the assessment. The role of the rubric in the self-assessment process was beneficial, as it enabled students to understand what they were doing well and what they needed to improve. Overall, rubrics should be considered when implementing a laboratory-based practical assessment and report.
An evaluation of a translation intervention to raise awareness of employability skills gained from higher education
Authors: Lowe Tom
Published: October 2020

The challenge of ensuring that graduates of higher education are employable has become a pedagogical issue for teaching colleagues at universities worldwide. Employability, as a theme, has changed the general environment of higher education (Frankham, 2017, p.632) and is strongly emphasised on degree programmes’ planning for desired outcomes (Moore and Morton, 2017, p.591). This paper reports on an evaluation of an intervention that was conducted with eight final year (Level 6) students from multiple disciplines to investigate to what extent a translation exercise can raise student awareness of employability skills gained through their higher education experience. This study shows that through a skills translation exercise, students’ ability to highlight their graduate skills, which align to personal specification skills such as communication, organisation, and business acumen, increased. This paper reports on an intervention that was valued by the participants as having a positive impact on their understanding of their own employability and explores how translating discipline specific skills through short conversations can have relevance in the pressurised world of higher education.
Using self-made automata to teach STEM in early childhood teacher education
Authors: Thiel Oliver , Lundheim Rolv , Hanssen Signe , Moe Jørgen , Vaz Rebelo Piedade
Published: October 2020

In recent decades, an increasing number of countries have integrated science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) into their curricula for early childhood education and care (ECEC). In contrast to this trend, many ECEC professionals are still reluctant about the idea of teaching STEM to young children. A reason for this might be too little experience with and knowledge about STEM. One way to tackle this problem is to address STEM in ECEC teacher education in a way that is engaging, motivating, and practical, and shows ECEC student teachers appropriate ideas for how to teach STEM in a playful and child-centred way. This case study aims to present and analyse an innovative approach to ECEC teacher training. We let the student teachers build their own automata (toys that have mechanical moving parts) to promote a better understanding of STEM. The students were highly motivated, assessed the approach as exciting and relevant, and consequently could successfully reflect on STEM content and pedagogy.
Biochemical Profile and Degree of Liver Involvement in Dengue Fever
Authors: Mili N Y , Sikder S , Basar A , Hoque E
Published: October 2020

Dengue disease has emerged globally as the most frequent and medically relevant viral infection transmitted by mosquito bite. Acute hepatitis is a manifestation of dengue virus infection. This study shows the impact of dengue on liver function was studied by biochemical tests on 80 patients out of them 53 male (age 42±12 yrs) and 27 female (age 39±13 yrs). The patients were diagnosed as dengue fever and were admitted in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical college Hospital from June 2014 to December 2016. All the patient were diagnosed by anti-dengue IgM positive by ELISA method. Abnormal level of aspartate aminotransferase (ASV, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin, alkaline Phosphatase (Alp), gamma-glutamyl transferase (G-GT) and albumin and urinary albumin were observed in 82.5%, 82.5%, 47.5%, 38.75%, 71.25% ,66.25% and, 76.25% of the patients respectively. It is concluded that dengue fever may cause hepatic injury and transaminase elevation similar to that in patients with conventional viral hepatitis. In epidemic or endemic areas, dengue fever should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute hepatitis.
Role of Serum CYFRA 21-1 in the Diagnosis of Primary Lung Cancer
Authors: Rashid H , Hossain S , Chowdhury R K , Rahman S , Khan M M
Published: October 2020

Majority of the lung cancer occurs in developing countries. In case of Bangladesh it's a burden for health in both serest. A definitive diagnosis of lung cancer can help the surgeons and physicians for making decisions about the plan of treatment. The rapidity of diagnosis also alleviates the patient's anxiety whether the lesion is nonmalignant or malignant Several studies proposed the role of CYFRA 21-1 level in diagnosis of lung cancer and its better management. To find the sensitive, feasible and cost effective test for detection of lung cancer and to evaluate the CYFRA 21-1 with their histopathological findings. This case control study was carried out in the department of Medicine of National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH) Dhaka and Enam Medical College Hospital, Savar, Dhaka during the period from January 2017 to September 2017. We included a total of 80 subjects among them 40 diagnosed cases of lung cancer and 40 controls with diseases other than lung cancer. The mean normal (< 3.5) serum CYFRA 21-1 level was (Mean *SD) 1.10 t 1.5 with ranging from 0.87 ng /ml — 1.5 ng lint Normal level of CYFRA 21-1 was found in all 40 (100%) of controls. The mean of high (> 3.5) serum CYFRA 21-1 level was (Mean +-SD) 18.20 ± 13.63 with rangingfrom 6.9 ng hnl — 49.30 ng/ml. High level of CYFRA 21-1 level was found in maximum 35(87.5%) cases. High (> 3.5 rig/m1) serum CYFRA 21-1 level was found maximum in squamous cell carcinoma (20), next adenocarcinoma (15). Among 40 cases diagnosed as malignant by histopathology, serum CYFRA 21-1 level was compared with histopathological findings. The sensitivity of serum CYFRA 21-1 level in case of squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and combined were 90.90%, 83.33% and 87.5% respectively. The sensitivity and accuracy of serum CYFRA 21-1 for squamous cell carcinoma was more than that of adenocarcinoma. So serum CYFRA 21-1 level was highly sensitive for squamous cell carcinoma.
Clinico-pathological Correlation with Liver Enzymes in Dengue Infection
Authors: Kamal A H M , Mollah K H , Khuda K E , Lslam A , Sultana N , Jahan Q A
Published: October 2020

Dengue infection is a major vector borne disease. The classical signs and symptoms include high fever, severe headache, chill, and rash. Atypical manifestations of dengue infection with hepatic involvement are frequently reported, ranging from mild elevations of liver enzymes to acute liver failure. Analysis of 110 serologically confirmed cases of dengue infection in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College hospital a tertiary care hospital was done. Patients with normal aminotransferase levels were categorized into Grade A, patients with at least one of the enzymes raised above normal but less than 3 times were categorized into Grade B, those with at least one of the enzymes elevated more than 3 times but less than 10 times were graded as C, and those with elevations more than 10 times as Grade D. 83.7% patients had alterations of transaminase levels, with 45.5% categorized into grade b, 30.9% into grade C, and 7.3% into grade D or acute hepatitis (P value 0.224). Rise of aspartate aminotransferase (AS7) levels were higher compared to the levels of alanine aminotransferase (AL7). Liver damage with alteration of aminotransferases is a common manifestation of dengue infection and also valuable markers for monitoring these patients.
Trans Canalicular Diode LASER DCR with ‘Bari Device’ in Pediatric Cases
Authors: Bhuiyan Md. B B , Akber A , Islam M S , Chowdhury K U , Choudhury M
Published: October 2020

Epiphora due to Nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) is common in chidren. About 5% to 20% infants show evidence of congenital Nasolacrimal duct obstruction with symptoms 1,2. Most of them (95%) cured by conservative management. Majority of the remaining symptomatic patients are cured by probing, repeat probing, probing with incubation and Baloonplasty procedures. About 4% of the patients need surgical intervention. Conventional Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is the main treatment of choice in these cases till to date. DCR means creation of an alternate pathway between lacrimal sac and nasal cavity to drain tear when nasolacrimal duct (NLD) is blocked. There are different surgical techniques available for DCR. These includes conventional or external DCR, endoscopic DCR, endoscopic Laser DCR, transcanalicular or endocanalicular Laser DCR. In adult DCR can be carried out comfortably by the conventional or newly developed endoscopic approach. Narrow space, inadequate development of anatomical landmark makes both the conventional & endoscopic DCR difficult in children. Long term success rate of External DCR in pediatric patients is less in comparison to adult due to vigorous growth of tissue in a child. Laser DCR has been tried but long term success rate is not up to the mark. Several observations like- primary osteum closure, cicatrix formation with middle turbinate and nasal septum, granulation tissue formation- all are more in children due to marked fibroblastic response. So Laser DCR is a challenge in pediatric patients.
Hepatitis-B Vaccination Status Among the Dentists of a Selected Hospital in Dhaka city
Authors: Ahmed S U , Anwar K S , Mafiz I , Shakil M , Bari F
Published: October 2020

Countries of South East Asia Region have high prevalence rates of viral hepatitis. Hepatitis B is a major public health problem of the region, although it varies widely among the countries. In the region, every year approximately 14-16 million people are infected with Hepatitis B Pilaus (HBO. It is estimated that there are 78 million HBV carriers, which is almost 6% of the total population of the region (1.4 billion, 1995). A cross sectional descriptive study conducted by face to face interview on the basis of a structured questionnaire to identify the selected Dentists in Dhaka city from January to June 2010 among the dentists of City Dental College Hospital and Pioneer Dental College Hospital. Total 120 dentists were included purposively from two hospital in Dhaka city. The study was done to determine the proportion of Hepatitis B vaccination among dentists in a selected hospitals, the history of exposure of hepatitis B among the dentist, why a group of dentist could not take hepatitis B vaccine. Among 120 respondents, most of them received vaccine (65.0 %) whereas 35.0% did not take any. Among 79 respondents, 48.1% (38) finished taking the vaccines whereas 51.9% (41) did not finish taking the vaccines. Negligence was found to be the major cause for not taking the vaccine and very few of them think that the prevalence of hepatitis B is high among dentist. Further in depth study could help investigate to explain role of these factors. All health care personnel should be trained up so that they can save themselves and can also motivate their clients, relatives and general population. Time to time special training is orientation courses should be offered to the dentist for improvement of knowledge regarding hepatitis B infection.
Hyperemesis Graviderum: An observational study and outcome at a tertiary teaching hospital in Dhaka city
Authors: Ferdousey R , Pervin R , Naga U , Chowdhury U N S R , Khalil N
Published: October 2020

Hyperemesis graviderum is a complication of pregnancy that can lead to severe maternal nutritional deprivation. About 0.14% -1.3% of pregnant women sufferedfrom hyperemesis graviderum. Women with hyperemesis grmidanan causing loss of greater than 5% of their pre-pregnancy weight. And has been linked to fetal growth restriction, wernickes encephalopathy resulting in fetal death in 40% of cases . Ilyperemesis graviderzaninterfire there working life, it is important to know the outcome of hyperemesis graviderum on fetus and mother. A tertiary level hospital based prospective study was conducted on woman suffering from Hyperemesis graviderum and attended in OPD and 1F'D of Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh to asses the adverse outcome of Hyperemesis Graviderum on .mother and baby and identifies its determinants. The mean age of the study group was 26.2513.25 years. Regarding parity, 54.0% patients were found primipara and 46.0% patients found multipara. The majority of the subjects (66%) were normal weight, 18% patients had overweight by BM1 (body mass index) 12% patients were underweight and 4% patients were obese. Distribution of the study subjects according to educational status, it was found that 32% were primary, 44% patients were high school, 12% patients were SSC, 8% patients were HSC and 4% patients were graduate and above. Out of 50 cases, 64% were housewife, 18% patients were service, 4% patients were business and 10% patients were student. Majority of patients (70%) had positive family history of hyperemsisgravidenn. Study showed 46% respondent started vomiting within 6-10 gestational weeks, 30% started vomiting more than 10 gestational weeks and 24% started vomiting within 1-5 gestational weeks. Maximum subjects (78%) needed home treatment and 22% patients were hospitalization. Most of the patients (68.0%) hemoglobin level 6- 10mg/d 1 . Maximum were rhesus positive blood group. Most of the patients 98% had normal serum creatinine level, 86% patients had normal serum electrolytes, 94% patients had normal urine R/M/E, 78% patients had normal RS'S level, 100% patients of hyperemesis gravidunn patients ultrasonography reports in pregnancy was normal. Among 50 patients, 4% patients had abortion history, 2% cases had IUD, 44% patients had IUGR and 10% patients had AGA in pre-term pregnancy. Out of 23 term pregnancy, 24% cases had 1UGR and 22% cases had AGA. Two percent neonatal death after delivery. hyperemesis Graviderum is related to maternal age, parity, education level, body mass index, occupation of the patients, education level, family history of hyperemesis graviderum and adverse outcome on mother and baby.
Preventive Role of Zingiber Officinale against Hyperglycemia in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Sultana S , Mili N Y , Afroz R , Parveen S
Published: October 2020

The experimental animal study was undertaken to investigate the preventive role ginger juice against hyperglycemia in alloxan induced diabetic rats.Male wistar rats,(130-150)gm wt fed on standard diet and water ad libitum, were divided into 3 groups(n=6) in each group: Group-L non-diabetic control group, Group-II, diabetic control & Group-III, normal rats pretreated with ginger before they were made diabetics. Diabetes was induced by inj. alloxan 150mg/kg body wt.,tp (Group-IL on 2nd day & Group-Ill, on the 9th day).Rats having blood glucose level of more than 7mmol/L on day 5(72 hours after alloxan inj) were considered diabetic & selected for experiment. Rats of Group-Ill received Zingiber officinale (ginger juice) (4m1/kg.body,wt orally) for 7 days (day 2-day8) through Pyles tube before alloxan induction & 3days after the induction. On day 12, animals were sacrificed under light ether anaesthesia, blood was collected by cardiac puncture for blood glucose estimation. Pretreatment with Zingiber officinale (ginger) juice significantly (p<0.01) reduced alloxan induced hyperglycemia.Zingiber officinale (ginger) is one of the most widely used spices and is reputed to have medicinal properties against diabetes mellitus. This study suggests that pretreatment with Zingiber officinale(ginger) prevents the development of hyperglycemia in alloxan induced diabetic rats.
MANAJEMEN SARANA DAN PRASARANA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS (SMA) NEGERI 7 MERANGIN
Authors: Darsiah Darsiah
Published: October 2020

Manajemen sarana dan prasarana pendidikan di sekolah direncanakan  oleh kepala sekolah, seorang manajer dapat membuat suatu perencanaan yang tepat dan dapat melaksanakan program-program sarana dan prasarana di sekolah khususnya di SMA Negeri 7 Merangin. Pengadaan sarana dan prasarana pendidikan adalah suatu upaya yang dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah, dan memelihara sarana dan prasarana pendidikan dengan baik.

Upaya kepala sekolah yang lain untuk meningkatkan sarana dan prasarana SMA Negeri 7 Merangin adalah berkoordinasi dengan komite sekolah. Untuk melengkapi sarana dan prasarana kepala sekolah perlu mengadakan hubungan yang baik dengan komite sekolah. Dengan melakukan hubungan yang baik dengan komite sekolah, pihak sekolah dengan mudah memperoleh sarana dan prasarana yang dibutuhkan oleh sekolah guna meningkatkan berbagai kegiatan yang ada di sekolah.
Analisis Fatwa DSN-MUI NO: 98/DSN-MUI/XII/2015 Tentang Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan Syariah
Authors: ‘Athifa Rofifa Dhia , Ghozali Mohammad
Published: October 2020

Penyelenggaraan Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan merupakan suatu penyelenggaraan perlindungan sosial di bidang kesehatan untuk menjamin seluruh rakyat agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dasar hidupnya yang layak di bidang kesehatan. Namun perlu diperhatikan bahwa landasan dan konsep dari Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan ini belum syariah. Akhirnya, ijma’ ulama memutuskan untuk mengeluarkan Fatwa DSN-MUI NO: 98/DSN-MUI/XII/2015 Tentang Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan Syariah sebagai landasan atau konsep BPJS Kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis Fatwa DSN-MUI NO: 98/DSN-MUI/XII/2015 Tentang Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan Syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Fatwa DSN-MUI NO: 98/DSN-MUI/XII/2015 Tentang Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan Syariah belum terkonsep secara detail dan pengaplikasian terhadap fatwa tersebut masih kurang terutama pada nomor 5 ayat (1), (2) dan (3) tentang Ketentuan terkait Dana Jaminan Sosial Bernilai Negatif, Nomor 4 ayat (1), (3) dan (5) tentang Ketentuan terkait Iuran dan Layanan. Nomor 8 ayat (1), poin a, b dan c tentang Ketentuan terkait Sanksi.
PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI (PAUD) SEBAGAI PONDASI PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER DALAM ERA REVOLUSI 4.0 DAN SOCIETY 5.0: TEKNIK DAN KEBERLANJUTAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Latief Suryawahyuni
Published: October 2020

Penggunaan teknologi dan komunikasi identik dengan kehidupan sosial masyarakat di era revolusi 4.0 dan kebutuhan dalam masyarakat (society) 5.0. Hal ini memerlukan tindakan preventif terhadap dampak negatif dari perkembangan tersebut sehingga individu dapat lebih bijaksana menghadapinya. Dampak negatif perkembangan teknologi sebagai bentuk kebutuhan masyarakat 5.0 yang diperoleh melalui televisi, media cetak maupun media sosial mengarah pada timbulnya degradasi moral dalam masyarakat Indonesia, seperti meningkatnya kasus korupsi, tindakan pelecehan, penghinaan, dan sebagainya. Oleh karena itu pendidikan karakter merupakan jalan yang ditempuh pemerintah melalui kebijakan pendidikan yang tertuang dalam kurikulum pendidikan nasional. Selanjutnya, pemerintah menetapkan PAUD sebagai pondasi pembentukan karakter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana teknik dan keberlanjutan pendidikan karakter dalam era revolusi 4.0 dan society 5.0 melalui kajian pustaka dari berbagai sumber.
BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM MENYIAPKAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DI SDN 202/IX BUKIT MAKMUR
Authors: Nurkayati Siti
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi dan membahas tentang upaya meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam menyiapkan media pembelajaran melalui bimbingan kelompok di SDN 202/IX Bukit Makmur. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan sekolah yang terdiri dari dua siklus dimana masing-msing siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaa, observasi, dan refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SDN 202/IX Bukit Makmur pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2019/2020 dengan subjek penelitian guru kelas dan guru mata pelajaran yang berjumlah 7 orang.

Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar obeservasi, catatan lapangan dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan persesntase dan reduksi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui bimbingan kelompok dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menyiapkan media pembelajaran di SDN 202/IX Bukit Makmur dengan tindakan pemberian reward.
BEST PRECTICE IMPLEMENTASI SUPERVISI AKADEMIK UNTUK MENINGKATAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI SMA NEGERI 2 TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR
Authors: Arif Syamsul
Published: October 2020

Mewujudkan guru yang profesional perlu adanya kegiatan peningkatan mutu guru. Adapun cara meningkatkan mutu guru dapat melalui beberapa cara seperti menerapkan fungsi pengembangan, pembinaan, kompensasi dan fungsi pengawasan (supervisi). Sebagai upaya untuk memperbaiki kondisi tersebut, kepala sekolah selaku manajer SDM telah melakukan kegiatan yang mampu mewujudkan tercapainya sumber daya manusia yang bermutu melalui kegiatan supervisi.

Keberhasilan kepala sekolah dalam hal kegiatan supervisi ini, merupakan suatu prestasi kerja yang dapat disebut sebagai best practice, oleh sebab itu penulis akan mendokumenasikan keberhasilan kepala sekolah sebagai agen perubahan dalam perencanaan,pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan.
PESANTREN KILAT (SEBUAH TINJAUAN POBLEMATIKA PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM/AKHLAK)
Authors: Al Fathoni Abd. Aziz Muslim
Published: October 2020

Pembinaan akhlak yang ditempuh Islam adalah menggunakan cara atau sistem integrated yaitu sistem yang menggunakan berbagai sarana peribadatan dan lainnya secara simultan untuk diarahkan kepada pembinaan akhlak. Cara lain yang ditempuh dalam pembinaan akhlak adalah: pembinaan, keteladanan, bergaul dengan orang baik, pembinaan secara afektif dapat dilakukan dengan memperhatikan faktor kejiwaan.

Menurut Tamjiz Burhanuddin dalam bukunya “Akhlak Pesantren Solusi Bagi Kerusakan Akhlak” metode pendidikan akhlak yang diterapkan dalam pesantren setidaknya ada enam metode yaitu: Metode Keteladanan, Metode Latihan dan pembiasaan, Metode Ibrah (mengambil pelajaran), Metode Mauidzah (nasehat), Metode Kedisiplinan, Metode Tarkib wa Targhib.
Kebijakan Jampersal Sebuah Upaya Mengatasi Masalah Kemiskinan di Kabupaten Konawe Utara Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Yuniningsih Tri
Published: October 2020

The background of this research is to examine the importance of research on the Maternity Guarantee policy in Kabupaten Konawe Utara in relation to the Government's efforts to assist the poor. The objective of the study was to describe how JAMPERSAL policy was viewed from the aspect of targetedness in helping poor / disadvantaged communities. The problem faced so far is that many poor people do not have BPJS, geographical conditions are still remote, and public confidence in the shaman baby. Type of descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection by interview, observation, and FGD. Techniques of determining informants Purposive. From the research results can be seen that viewed from 3 (Three) indicators are the accuracy of target recipients, the accuracy of the target in the condition ready intervened and the accuracy of target intervention in the implementation of policies that are updating the previous policy implementation. The recommendation is to increase the socialization of Jampersal policy to the community directly. The findings of this field are many of the views of the pros and cons that arise due to the rigidity of the rules used in the technical guidelines that apply. This is what makes the implementation in the field is not achieved properly.