bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary desmoplastic small-round-cell tumor of the ovary
Authors: Atef Ahmed , Gaballa Khaled , Zuhdy Mohammad , Atallah Khalid , Elkashef Wagdi , Awny Shadi , Gadelhak Basma , Refky Basel
Published: November 2019

Background

Desmoplastic small-round-cell tumor (DSRCT) is an extremely rare and highly aggressive malignancy. It is of yet unclear origin, but it is assumed to be of a mesothelial origin based on its tendency for widespread metastasis in serosal linings.

Case presentation

In this report, we describe a young female who presented with bilateral ovarian masses that mimicked the classic clinical picture of ovarian cancer. The patient had a cytoreductive surgery done in the form of total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, pelvic peritonectomy, low para-aortic and bilateral iliac lymphadenectomy. Postoperative course was smooth with no adverse events. The final pathology report revealed desmoplastic small-round-cell tumor. Afterwards, the patient was referred to medical oncologist to receive her adjuvant therapy.

Conclusions

DSRCT is still an unknown disease to us given the limited number of cases and poor survival. Given the lack of clear guidelines, treatment is offered based on the best available evidence and the collaborative effort of a multi-disciplinary team.
P-wave reflection-moveout approximation for horizontally layered media of arbitrary moderate anisotropy
Authors: Farra Véronique , Pšenčík Ivan
Published: November 2019

We present an approximate nonhyperbolic P-wave moveout formula applicable to horizontally layered media of moderate or weak anisotropy of arbitrary symmetry and orientation. Anisotropy symmetry and its orientation may differ from layer to layer. Instead of commonly used Taylor-series expansion of the square of the reflection traveltime in terms of the square of the offset, we use the weak-anisotropy approximation, in which the square of the reflection traveltime is expanded in terms of weak-anisotropy (WA) parameters. The resulting formula is simple, and it provides a transparent relation between the traveltimes and WA parameters. Along an arbitrarily chosen single surface profile, it depends, in each layer, on the thickness of the layer, on the reference P-wave velocity used for the construction of reference rays, and on three WA parameters specified in the Cartesian coordinate system related to the profile. In each layer, these three “profile” WA parameters depend on “local” WA parameters specifying anisotropy of a given layer in a local coordinate system and on directional cosines specifying the orientation of the local coordinate system with respect to the profile one. The number of local P-wave WA parameters may vary from three for transverse isotropy or six for orthorhombic symmetry to nine for triclinic symmetry. Our tests of the accuracy indicate that the maximum relative traveltime errors do not exceed 0.5% or 2.5% for weak or moderate P-wave anisotropy, respectively.
Primary Sertoli Cell Cultures From Adult Mice Have Different Properties Compared With Those Derived From 20-Day-Old Animals
Authors: Saewu Arpornrad , Kongmanas Kessiri , Raghupathy Riya , Netherton Jacob , Kadunganattil Suraj , Linton James-Jules , Chaisuriyong Watchadaporn , Faull Kym F , Baker Mark A , Tanphaichitr Nongnuj
Published: November 2019

Cultures of Sertoli cells isolated from 20-day-old mice are widely used in research as substitutes for adult Sertoli cell cultures. This practice is based on the fact that Sertoli cells cease to proliferate and become mature in vivo by 16 to 20 days after birth. However, it is important to verify whether cultured Sertoli cells derived from 20-day-old mice do not proliferate ex vivo and whether they have the same properties as cultured adult Sertoli cells. Herein we described an isolation/culture method of Sertoli cells from 10-week-old adult mice with > 90% purity. Properties of these cultured adult Sertoli cells were then compared with those of cultured Sertoli cells derived from 20-day-old mice (also > 90% purity). By cell counting, bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation, and metaphase plate detection, we demonstrated that only adult Sertoli cells did not proliferate throughout 12 culture days. In contrast, Sertoli cells derived from 20-day-old mice still proliferated until Day 10 in culture. The morphology and profiles of intracellular lipidomics and spent medium proteomics of the 2 cultures were also different. Cultured adult Sertoli cells were larger in size and contained higher levels of triacylglycerols, cholesteryl esters, and seminolipid, and the proteins in their spent medium were mainly engaged in cellular metabolism. In contrast, proteins involved in cell division, including anti-Mullerian hormone, cell division cycle protein 42 (CDC42), and collagen isoforms, were at higher levels in Sertoli cell cultures derived from 20-day-old mice. Therefore, cultured Sertoli cells derived from 10-week-old mice, rather than those from 20-day-old animals, should be used for studies on properties of adult Sertoli cells.
“One Should Finally Learn How to Read This Breath”: Paul Celan and the Buber-Rosenzweig Bible
Authors: Barzilai Maya
Published: November 2019

This article examines Paul Celan’s use of the terms cola and breath-unit in his notes for the 1960 “Meridian” address. In the 1920s, Martin Buber and Franz Rosenzweig developed their “colometric translation” of the Bible, using the breath-unit to capture, in German, the spoken qualities of the Hebrew Bible by allowing the human breath to dictate line divisions. Celan repurposed the breath-unit for his post-Shoah poetics: it registered, for him, a further disruption of the Hebrew-German translational link, following the demise of the Jewish community of readers. Celan’s breath-unit became a measure of silence, marking the pauses between poetic lines as sites of interrupted breathing, which entail a painful encounter with deformation and murder. Furthermore, if Buber and Rosenzweig used their breath-inspired cola to bypass the traditional line divisions of biblical verse, Celan’s radicalized breath-unit can be understood as a response to the musicality attributed to his earlier poetry; he drew on the singularity of the breath to forge ever shorter lines and vertical, severed poems that culminate in the lost or buried word.
Cajuputs candy impairs Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans mixed biofilm formation in vitro
Authors: Septiana Siska , Bachtiar Boy Muchlis , Yuliana Nancy Dewi , Wijaya Christofora Hanny
Published: November 2019

Background: Cajuputs candy (CC), an Indonesian functional food, utilizes the bioactivity of Melaleuca cajuputi essential oil (MCEO) to maintain oral cavity health. Synergistic interaction between Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans is a crucial step in the pathogenesis of early childhood caries. Our recent study revealed several alternative MCEOs as the main flavors in CC. The capacity of CC to interfere with the fungus-bacterium relationship remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate CC efficacy to impair biofilm formation by these dual cariogenic microbes.

Methods: The inhibition capacity of CC against mixed-biofilm comprising C. albicans and S. mutans was assessed by quantitative (crystal violet assay, tetrazolium salt [MTT] assay, colony forming unit/mL counting, biofilm-related gene expression) and qualitative analysis (light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy).

Result: Both biofilm-biomass and viable cells were significantly reduced in the presence of CC. Scanning electron microscopy imaging confirmed this inhibition capacity, demonstrating morphology alteration of C. albicans, along with reduced microcolonies of S. mutans in the biofilm mass. This finding was related to the transcription level of selected biofilm-associated genes, expressed either by C. albicans or S. mutans. Based on qPCR results, CC could interfere with the transition of C. albicans yeast form to the hyphal form, while it suppressed insoluble glucan production by S. mutans. G2 derived from Mojokerto MCEO showed the greatest inhibition activity on the relationship between these cross-kingdom oral microorganisms (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: In general, all CC formulas showed biofilm inhibition capacity. Candy derived from Mojokerto MCEO showed the greatest capacity to maintain the commensal form of C. albicans and to inhibit extracellular polysaccharide production by S. mutans. Therefore, the development of dual-species biofilms can be impaired effectively by the CC tested.
Impact of interventions including vaccination against Neisseria meningitidis on the frequency of meningitis in the African meningitis belt: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Molina Niurka , Justiniani Greissi , Urquiza Lisset , Toledo Maria Eugenia , Onwuchekwa Chukwuemeka , Verdonck Kristien , Diro Ermias , Linares-Pérez Nivaldo
Published: November 2019

In the African meningitis belt (region from Senegal to Ethiopia), there are around 30,000 reported cases of meningococcal disease per year. The main aetiological agent is Neisseria meningitidis of serogroup A. Since 2010, vaccination efforts have increased and hundreds of millions of people have been vaccinated. There are indications that the epidemiology of meningococcal disease is changing. This is the protocol of a scoping review, the objective of which is to describe the extent and nature of the research evidence about the impact of vaccination on meningitis frequency. Primary studies and reviews are eligible for inclusion in the review if they assess the impact of interventions that include N. meningitidis vaccination in countries of the African meningitis belt, report meningitis frequencies, and include an element of comparison. The sources of records are electronic databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane register of clinical trials, African Index Medicus, and clinicaltrials.gov), surveillance reports at country level, online resources of large stakeholders involved in vaccination, reference lists of included records, and experts in the field. The search strategy is based on the combination of the condition of interest, the intervention, and the geographical region. The findings of this review will be presented using figures, tables, and thematic narrative synthesis. This review will not produce a pooled estimate of what the impact of vaccination is, but will give insight in how the authors of the included records assessed the impact.
Relational Adaptation Under Reel Authority
Authors: Barron Daniel , Gibbons Robert , Gil Ricard , Murphy Kevin J.
Published: November 2019

We study relationships between parties who have different preferences about how to tailor decisions to changing circumstances. Our model suggests that relational contracts supported by formal contracts may achieve relational adaptation that improves on adaptation decisions achieved by formal or relational contracts alone. Our empirics consider revenue-sharing contracts between movie distributors and an exhibitor. The exhibitor has discretion about whether and when to show a movie, and the parties frequently renegotiate formal contracts after a movie has finished its run. We document that such ex post renegotiation is consistent with the distributor rewarding the exhibitor for adaptation decisions that improve their joint payoffs.

This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Parametrized solutions $X$ of the system $AXA = AY A$ and $A^k Y AX = XAY A^k$
Authors: Ferreyra David , Lattanzi Marina , Levis Fabián , Thome Néstor
Published: November 2019

Let A and E be n × n given complex matrices. This paper provides a necessary and sufficient condition for the solvability to the matrix equation system given by AXA = AEA and AkEAX = XAEAk, for k being the index of A. In addition, its general solution is derived in terms of a G-Drazin inverse of A. As consequences, new representations are obtained for the set of all G-Drazin inverses; some interesting applications are also derived to show the importance of the obtained formulas.
Decomposition of symplectic matrices into products of symplectic unipotent matrices of index 2
Authors: Hou Xin , Xiao Zhengyi , Hao Yajing , Yuan Qi
Published: November 2019

In this article, it is proved that every symplectic matrix can be decomposed into a product of three symplectic unipotent matrices of index 2, i.e., every complex matrix A satisfying ATJA = J with J = [0 -
Addition of L-arginine in skim milk extender maintains goat spermatozoa quality in chilled temperature for five days
Authors: Susilowati Suherni , Triana Indah Norma , Wurlina Wurlina , Arimbi Arimbi , Srianto Pudji , Mustofa Imam
Published: November 2019

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits of L-arginine addition in skim milk extender to maintain the quality of goat spermatozoa in chilled storage. Materials and Methods: A total of 18 ejaculates from three healthy goats with weight and age of 45 kg and 4-5 years, respectively, were divided into three groups. The control group contained goat semen diluted in a skim milk extender without L-arginine; Treatment I and Treatment II contained goat semen diluted in a skim milk extender with added L-arginine 4 and 6 mM, respectively. These three groups were chilled at 5°C and evaluated daily for 5 days. Observed variables were viability, motility, intact plasma membrane (IPM), malondialdehyde (MDA) level, necrosis, and apoptosis of spermatozoa. Results: The addition of L-arginine 4 mM was the best treatment in maintaining viability, motility, and IPM and a decreased MDA level, percentage of necrosis, and apoptosis of goat spermatozoa. An ejaculate in this extender can be divided into 37 doses for intracervical insemination in <1 ml volume with 125 million motile spermatozoa. Conclusion: Goat semen retained its quality when kept for 5 days in chilled storage by adding L-arginine in skim milk extender.
A New Interpretation of the Origin of Gravity and Conceptual Foundations of Newtonian mechanics at the Micro Level
Authors: fan wei
Published: November 2019

Because Newton's gravity and Einstein's general theory of relativity are macroscopic gravitational theories, therefore, this paper attempts to establish a set of quantum gravity theory of the microscopic expression of Newton's and Einstein's theory of gravity to make up for the shortcomings of the existing macro-gravity theory at the micro level, and further develop the macroscopic gravity theory into the microscopic field. Based on the cognition of the field theory model, from the general assumption, space-time is further regarded as an ideal fluid, from the perspective of the distribution of ideal fluid density, this paper derives the Newton's universal gravitational equation and Einstein's general relativity equation. On the micro level, the gravitational field is further interpreted as a gradient field of space-time density; the Newtonian potential is further interpreted as the density of an object at the micro level; gravity is further interpreted as the potential pressure(space-time pressure) exhibited by the gradient of the density of the object at the micro level; flection space-time is further interpreted as the embodiment of the gradient distribution of the ideal fluid (space-time) density at the micro level. Therefore, this paper establishes a new set of quantum gravity theory, which can solve some pain points in the theory of macroscopic gravity. At the same time, based on the new interpretation of Newton's mechanics concept foundation based on field theory, this paper also proposes a new paradigm theory independent of Newtonian mechanics and analytical mechanics, which can solve some pain points in Newtonian mechanics and analytical mechanics.
A New Interpretation of Classical Electromagnetic Theory at the Micro Level
Authors: fan wei
Published: November 2019

Because Maxwell's classical electromagnetic theory is a macroscopic electromagnetic theory, this paper attempts to establish a new theory of microscopic expression of macroscopic electromagnetic theory to compensate for the shortcomings of macroscopic electromagnetic theory at the micro level. Among them, under the microscopic electromagnetic theory system, the current will be further interpreted as the momentum flow produced by the directed collision between electrons; the charge
will be further interpreted as a form of expression of electron motion; the voltage will be further interpreted as the potential difference (energy level difference) of the electron orbit. Finally, this paper successfully developed a new theory of microscopic expression of Maxwell's macroscopic electromagnetic theory by introducing microscopic atomic physics and rigid body mechanics models.
A Feasible Interpretation of the Wave-particle Duality Origin of Microscopic Matter Particles
Authors: fan wei
Published: November 2019

Classical mechanics describes the laws of motion in the macroscopic material world, while quantum mechanics describes the laws of motion in the microscopic material world that classical mechanics cannot explain, and achieves a highly accurate mathematical representation of the laws of microscopic physical motion. But even with such a successful theory, there is confusion about the probability wave. Therefore, this paper attempts to improve the physical definition of the conceptual basis of quantum mechanics, thus solving the confusion of quantum mechanical probability waves, and finally proposes a feasible interpretation of the wave-particle duality origin of microscopic matter particles.
Tefsir, Siyer, Tarih ve Kur’ân’ın Kaynaklığı Üzerine
Authors: TÜRCAN Selim
Published: November 2019

İslam’ın erken
dönemine ilişkin çalışmalar, hem referans değeri hem de duygusal anlamı
nedeniyle Müslümanlar için çok önemli olagelmiştir. Bu bilgilerin güvenilirliği
ise bugün de Kur’an’a arz edilerek sağlanmaya çalışılmaktadır. Kur’an’ın
kaynaklığı hem batılıların hem de Müslümanların yaptığı çalışmalarda
Kur’an-siyer-tefsir ilişkisi bağlamında yeniden öne çıkmıştır. Batıda son yüz
elli yıllık tarih boyunca Kur’an kronolojisini tespite ilişkin gayretler,
Kur’an metninden bir tarih kaynağı olarak yararlanmaya yönelik altyapı
çalışmalarıdır. Batılılardan etkilenseler de Müslümanlar için kronoloji
bilgileri, Kur’an’ı anlama gayretlerinin ancak teşriî amaçlı bir parçası
olmuştur. Müslümanlar bu temel perspektife ek paradigmatik bir duruşu hâlâ
benimseyememiştir. Özellikle literalist modernizmin ve onu takip eden
tarihselci yaklaşımın tüm klasik İslamî ilimlerin yerine geçirdiği bir
neo-tefsir perspektifi de Müslümanların yaptığı her türlü çalışmayı aynı teşriî
doğrultuda etkisi altına almıştır. Buna siyer ve tarih çalışmaları da dâhildir.
Dolayısıyla temel bir yenilikten söz edilemez. Bizim Kur’an’ın tarihî kaynaklık
değerini ortaya çıkarmak ve sağlıklı bilgiler üretmek için Kur’an nüzul
tarihini ve Kur’an kronolojisini tefsir amaçlı değil, tarih amaçlı müstakil
mesai alanlarına dönüştürmemiz gerekmektedir. Bunların siyer, tefsir, fıkıh gibi
klasik İslamî ilimlere faydası ise öncelikle dikkate almayacağımız sonraki bir
adım olarak görülmelidir. Kişisel ve toplumsal beklentilerin dönüştürmediği
kendisi için üretilmiş sağlıklı bilgi birikimi ancak böyle sağlanır.
Complications in surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion: a systematic review of the medical literature
Authors: Olszewski Raphael , Wisniewski Marcin
Published: November 2019

Our aim was to perform a systematic open-access review of various complications reported for surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) procedures. There were 37 articles found in Pubmed using the search equation. Twelve articles were initially excluded according to the exclusion criteria. The 25 remaining articles were read in full for their descriptions of complications related to the SARME procedure in mature patients. The main reversible complications of SARME were infection, postoperative pain, and bleeding. There were also complications related to distractors, to secondary surgeries, and pterygomaxillary junction. The main non-reversible complications of SARME were associated with teeth, periodontal bone loss, and skull base fractures. Large field-of-view cone beam computed tomography (maxilla and skull base) should be implemented as initial planning tool to prevent many potential complications. The current trend for “minimally invasive” surgery in SARME might be, from an ethical point of view, transformed onto “minimally complicated” surgery as complication is still more harmful for any given patient than any potential perioperative surgical invasiveness.
Drei Kapitel über die Freiheit
Authors: Kersting Wolfgang
Published: November 2019

Drei Kapitel über die Freiheit, find die im Fortgang den Kreis immer enger ziehen. Das erste heisst: Über einige anthropologische Voraussetzungen der Freiheit und ist sehr philosophisch. Das zweite heisst: Über die Zumutungen der Freiheit in der Moderne, die immer grösser werden, je moderner die Moderne wird und ist auch noch philosophisch, aber auch soziologisch. Das dritte heisst: Über die Selbstabschaffung des Bürgers im Sozialstaat und ist sehr politisch, aber auch ein wenig moralisch. Und dann gibt es noch einen Anhang über falsche Toleranz, falsche Neutralität und die Schwierigkeiten liberaler Selbstbehauptung.
Subjektive Repräsentation der Zusammenhänge zwischen Organisationsstruktur, soziomoralischer Atmosphäre und prosozialem Arbeitshandeln in demokratischen Unternehmen – eine Kreuzvalidierung
Authors: Weber Wolfgang G. , Unterrainer Christine , Fesl Stefan
Published: November 2019

Theoretischer Hintergrund und Fragestellung Bei der Erforschung der individuellen moralischen Urteilskompetenz wurde zunehmend die Frage verfolgt, more about welche organisationalen Merkmale, buy Interaktionspraktiken und Interventionen in Institutionen sich fördernd bzw. hemmend auf die Genese von Kompetenzen und Handlungsorientierungen, die ethisch angemessenem Handeln zugrunde liegen, auswirken (z.B. Lempert, 2009; Oser & Althof, 2001; Power, Higgins, & Kohlberg, 1989)
A Healing Journey toward Oneself: Paul Ricoeur’s Narrative Turn in the Hermeneutics of Education
Authors: Wierciński Andrew
Published: November 2019

Narrative Mode of Understanding: Education as the Bildung of Humanity of the Human Being We all witness the inadequacy of pragmatic, approved short term solutions to complex problems of educational systems at different levels. It is predominantly the mentality of efficiency and efficacy, healing which primarily directs main attention to a practical question of ?what needs to be done? to achieve the best results in a possibly shortest time with a minimal personal, visit this social, and financial involvement
The Concepts of Japanese and German Primary School Children Relating to the Topic of Death in the Context of Values Education and the Ethics of Care – A German-Japanese Comparison with Gender Analysis
Authors: Marsal Eva , Dobashi Takara
Published: November 2019

Our contribute compares the concepts of Japanese and German primary school children relating to the topic of death, healing in the context of values education and the ethics of care. This is a project of the German-Japanese Research Initiative on Philosophizing with Children (DJFPK), cialis 40mg which aims to facilitate individual autonomy by enhancing philosophical-ethical judgment. It encourages the application and appropriate transfer of values based on philosophical-ethical knowledge and acquired through independent reflection to the situations of daily life.
Sollte man die Angst abschaffen? Warum? Warum nicht? Planung für ein philosophisches Gespräch in einer 5. Klasse
Authors: Morf Eva Zoller , Bauman Beat
Published: November 2019

An der Pädagogischen Hochschule Thurgau PHTG in Kreuzlingen, approved Schweiz, gibt es das Fach ?Mit Kindern philosophieren? für alle Studierenden der Vor- und der Primarschule schon seit deren Eröffnung im 2003. Zuvor hatte ich als Dozentin die Kinderphilosophie bereits 10 Jahre lang an der Vorläufer-Institution ?Kindergartenseminar Amriswil? unterrichtet, damals gekoppelt mit den Fächern Kinderliteratur und Religion.
“How Much Truth Can a Spirit Dare?” Nietzsche’s “Ethical” Truth Theory as an Epistemic Background for Philosophizing with Children
Authors: Marsal Eva
Published: November 2019

Philosophizing, according to E. Martens, can be seen as an elemental cultural technology, like arithmetic or writing, which both can and should be acquired in childhood. Martens is proposing here an understanding of philosophy that attributes value not only to the content canon, but also to the process itself, as Wittgenstein, for one, also did when he stated in the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, “Philosophy is not a doctrine, but an activity.” For Socrates, this activity consisted in “giving an account of ourselves, our knowledge, our way of life.” In Nietzsche’s view, the precondition for this kind of accounting is the personal capacity for self-distancing, which allows us to grasp our quite individual primal experiences of emotion, perception, sudden illuminations of insight, and so on, as general concepts and logical structures.
Moral Judgment Test (MJT) in Urdu: Translation and Validation
Authors: Liaquat Abdul Wahab
Published: November 2019

The present study was conducted as part of a larger study that aimed to compare moral judgment competence and moral preferences among Pakistani students of public and private sector educational institutes and religious institutes and also to measure the pattern of development of moral judgment competence of students within these institutes. The validation study completed in two phases, during the 1st phase data were collected from the students of grade 8 to 16 from public sector schools and colleges of Rawalpindi city. Very low mean c-score was observed (M = 13.60, SD = 9.05), the test came out to be valid on preference hierarchy criterion but its validity on the cognitive-affective parallelism and Quasi- simplex structure criteria could not be established due to low c-scores of the sample. In the second phase an additional sample from one private sector and two public sector universities was collected. The analysis of the combined sample (N = 246) showed no significant improvement of c-scores (M = 13.94, SD = 9.53). The test meets well the preference hierarchy criterion but on the other two criteria results remain inconclusive due to low variance in the sample. The low c-scores are explained on the basis of three assumptions; (1) poor quality of education, (2) dogmatic religiosity, and (3) weak and instable political structure of Pakistani society.
Connections and Abstractions: Blending Epistemologies of Love and Separation in Environmental Education
Authors: Dereniowska Małgorzata A. , Matzke Jason P.
Published: November 2019

Understanding the epistemological dimension of the subject–object dichotomy is crucial for environmental learning. Contrasting the epistemologies of separation and love, Arthur Zajonc argues that learning is seriously limited unless we focus more attention on fostering deep connections of respect, love, and participation with the objects we study. Although an attitude of detachment and objectivity is sometimes appropriate, understanding such things as social justice and the environment demand an approach that softens the sharp dichotomy between knower and thing–to–be–known. While largely agreeing with Zajonc, we emphasize that the epistemologies of separation and love should not be seen as wholly distinct or unrelated. A deep understanding of ourselves and the world around us depends upon a shifting back and forth between these approaches, though this will, admittedly, not be susceptible to any strict set of methodological rules. Learning depends upon not only understanding how to use these two epistemologies, but, importantly, learning how to shift between them with ease. Furthermore, we suggest that Zajonc’s use of the dual concepts of the logic of discovery and of justification to illustrate his two epistemologies can be made more descriptively accurate and prescriptively useful by noticing that in the process of learning—of discovering—investigators can and do move fluidly between seeking detached objectivity and connectedness. We embrace a broad pedagogical approach to environmental education consistent with Zajonc’s view and that is place–based and multi– and trans– disciplinary. This includes a rejection of the priority of science over the humanities, a narrowing of the gap between knower and thing–to–be–known, and a move away from attempts to excessively abstract from particulars to generalities and laws
Factors of Chinese Adolescents’ Moral Judgment Competence – Findings from Hubei Province
Authors: Zhang Jing
Published: November 2019

This paper uses MJT designed by German moral psychologist Lind as a measurement tool, selects 1933 teenagers from Wuhan, Xiangfan or Hubei province. The result shows that participants’ C-sore of different age is 16.90. Character of politic lies remarkable difference, and gender, profession, education, etc., doesn’t. But the specific characters of them have something to be concerned. On this basis, the author gives some advices and countermeasures for education departments.
Hermeneutic Notion of a Human Being as an Acting and Suffering Person: Thinking with Paul Ricoeur
Authors: Wiercinski Andrew
Published: November 2019

Acting and suffering subjectivity makes a grand sujet in Ricoeur's philosophy. In his Time and Narrative Ricoeur created the notion of narrative identity which is an individual internalized and evolving life strory. The narrative alone might define the “who”. Whoever lives and exists, suffers. Ricoeur metaphorically defined life as a cloth. We can add, Wiercinski continues, that this cloth is woven with pain. It is pain which makes the cloth, and, at the same time, it is also a joy of the human condition. As humans, we are called to wear this cloth as well as to understand what does it mean - from the hermeneutic perspective.
Action, objective, intersubjectivity: towards a theory of social action
Authors: Forlin Francesco
Published: November 2019

The reflection on intersubjectivity is a central question in the contemporary philosophical debate. In this field, current practical philosophy faces one of the most difficult challenges. Apparently, the research for a foundation of the intersubjective level seems to lead inevitably towards the abandonment of the logical-foundation theory on which the philosophy had been based up until Hegel. In this report, however, I would like to attempt something different. That is, I would like to explore the possibility of inserting the subject of intersubjectivity right into the heart of Hegelian thinking, with an aim to outline the foundation of a social action theory capable of exhibiting reasons stronger than those deriving from simple dialogic validation. It is possible, as Ho sle believed, that Hegel himself did not take this aspect of the profound dynamics of his thought too seriously, and that he had not prepared the notional categories to be able to think about it in depth. Nevertheless, the theoretical foundations of intersubjectivity, brought back to its Hegelian roots, is the fundamental cornerstone upon which to build the logical-rational foundations of social action
On Reyes Mate’s Theory of the Victim: Metaethical Sketches on Injustice
Authors: Gan-Krzywoszyńska Katarzyna , Leśniewski Piotr
Published: November 2019

The aim of our paper is twofold. Firstly, very original approach to the question of victims elaborated very thoroughly by Reyes Mate is presented. Unfortunately, his conceptualization of victimology is relatively little known outside Spanish and Latin American culture. It is meant as a basis for adequate theory of injustice and justice. Secondly, comprehensive and detailed metaethical analyses of fundamental concepts used by Reyes Mate are developed here by means of standard methods, i.e. triangle, hexagon, and octagon of logical oppositions.
Building Within Space: Thoughts Towards an Environmental Ethics
Authors: Paddock Troy
Published: November 2019

The need for constructing an environmental ethics that keeps sustainability in mind is the result of a collision of the realization that the natural environment is neither limitless nor impervious to actions with a view of nature that has been fundamentally instrumentalist and anthropocentric. This paper will borrow from architectural theory in an effort to do two things: First, it will point to some of the limitations of an anthropocentric view of nature and how it impacts efforts to influence environmental policy; second, it will suggest that ideas from Aristotle and Actor Network Theory can help to provide a paradigm within which we can think about nature in a way that offers an alternative framing of questions about the environment.
Antywartości. Konceptualizacja zła w świadomości językowej Polaków i Rosjan
Authors: Rodziewicz Barbara
Published: November 2019

The present article is an attempt at establishing a way of understanding the term evil as well as characterizing all the phenomena the term encompasses in communities of Polish and Russian students. The author analyses the results of a Free Word Association Test on the material of associative dictionaries.
Antifungal activity of carvacrol and antifungal agent combinations against non-albicans Candida species
Authors: Nóbrega Jefferson Rodrigues , Sousa Paula Mariane Silva , Mota Kelly Samara de Lira , Cordeiro Laísa Vilar , Andrade Júnior Francisco Patricio de , Oliveira Wylly Araújo de
Published: November 2019

The aim of this study was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of carvacrol and to evaluate the antifungal activity of carvacrol when combinated with fluconazole, ketoconazole or amphotericin B against non-albicans Candida species. MICs were determined using microdilution method, and the combination study was conducted using the checkerboard method. The carvacrol MIC ranged between 128 and 512 μg/mL. The greatest antifungal activity was displayed with ketoconazole. Conversely, fluconazole displayed the lowest activity. Amphotericin B showed MICs ranging from 0.5 to 2 μg/mL. The best combinations were observed against Candida guilliermondii and Candida parapsilosis, which presented synergistic efects. Additive efect was observed in three combinations, whereas, indifferent interactions were seen in six combinations. No antagonistic effects were observed. Based on these results, we conclude that carvacrol retains high activity against non-albicans Candida strains, and the combinations between carvacrol and the antifungals tested yielded significant effects.
Capital Concentration and Wage Inequality
Authors: Pi Jiancai , Fan Yanwei
Published: November 2019

This paper analyzes how capital concentration affects wage inequality through the channel of financial frictions. Higher capital concentration can be regarded as the Piketty effect. Under the framework of cost constrained financial frictions, we find that higher capital concentration will expand (resp. narrow down) wage inequality if the asset-liability ratio in the skilled sector is high (resp. low) enough relative to that in the unskilled sector.
1-Hydroxy-8-methoxy-anthraquinon reverses cisplatin resistance by inhibiting 6PGD in cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Huamin , Zhang Haowei , Wang Sihui , Ni Zhihai , Wang Tiejun
Published: November 2019

Targeting 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) can inhibit cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. However, the relationship between 6PGD and cisplatin resistance still needs further study. Cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer OV2008 and C13* lines and lung cancer A549 and A549DDP lines were treated with different concentrations of cisplatin and cell viability was evaluated. We also compared the growth rates and the cell cycle distributions between cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant cells. The expression level of 6PGD was detected by immunoblotting. The Chou-Talalay method was used to evaluate the effect of a combination treatment using cisplatin and the small molecule inhibitor 1-Hydroxy-8-methoxy-anthraquinon (S3) that targets 6PGD. The cisplatin-resistant ovarian and lung cancer cell lines grew faster than the cisplatin- sensitive cell lines, with more cells in S and G2 phases in cisplatin-resistant cell lines. The expression level of 6PGD in cisplatin-resistant cell lines was significantly increased compared with cisplatin-sensitive cell lines. Furthermore, treatment of cells with the S3 small molecule inhibitor of 6PGD together with cisplatin could overcome cisplatin resistance. The expression level of 6PGD in cisplatin-resistant cells lines was significantly upregulated, and the resistance to cisplatin of drug-resistant cells lines could be overcome when treated with the small molecule inhibitor S3 that specifically targets 6PGD.
Wellesley Girl: Emotion, Democracy, and the Contemporary Dystopia
Authors: Schroering Abby
Published: November 2019

Brendan Pelsue’s Wellesley Girl, which premiered in the midst of the 2016 U. S. Presidential election, depicts American democracy – as an institution, a mythology, and a practice – as a fundamentally flawed utopian framework that is susceptible to dystopian failure. In this post-apocalyptic community in which every adult is a member of Congress, it becomes clear that American democracy was systematically designed to exclude emotional reasoning – with a few notable, destructive, exceptions – and it therefore enforces performances of reason that tend to exclude women and produce a cognitive dissonance between politics and reality. Wellesley Girl merges its audience’s present with a recognizable dystopian future and implicates them in the decision-making processes of that future in order to render visible the real world consequences of that dissonance – consequences which are already manifest in our collective ecological crisis.
Translation 4.0 – Evolution, Revolution, Innovation or Disruption?
Authors: Schmitt Peter A.
Published: November 2019

The international translation industry is undergoing fundamental changes with the potential of disrupting the market and the business basis of many freelance translators. This paper outlines the present scenario in the field of non-literary translations, its development, reasons, symptoms and current trends. Analogous to the established concept of “Industry 4.0”, the philosophy of an emerging new translation industry can be called “Translation 4.0”. Challenged by a continuously growing demand for translations, increasingly volatile markets, fierce global competition and aggressive pricing, the translation industry is responding with fully digitized data handling, real-time project management, strictly organized processes, quality control, short response times and comprehensive added-value services for clients. Key variables in this new work environment are fragmentation of projects to accelerate turn-around times, outsourcing, crowdsourcing, teamworking, connectivity, cloud-based translation platforms, integrated – and often compulsory – translation tools and, last but not least, machine translation (MT) and post-editing of MT (PEMT). Due to the closing gap between the quality of human translations (HT) and neural MT (in particular of DeepL), MT will cover a growing share of the low-end translation market volume, with the consequence that translators who cannot offer a substantially better value (i. e. quality/price ratio) than MT will become obsolete. The future will be for translators who have the competencies defined in the EMT (European Masters’ of Translation) and who adapt to the changing translation ecosystem.
History of nihonium
Authors: En’yo Hideto
Published: November 2019

Discovery of new element has been an impossible dream for Japanese people for over 100 years. Finally, in 2017, nihonium earned a permanent seat on Mendeleev’s Periodic Table. The history of search for new elements in Japan is described here together with our challenges on the cosmological history of element genesis in the universe.
The first cup marks from the territory of Poland and their archaeological context
Authors: Jaeger Mateusz , Niebieszczański Jakub , Stróżyk Mateusz
Published: November 2019

Thus far, prehistoric rock art has not been featured in the discourse concerned with the archaeology of Poland due to the absence of finds there belonging to this category. This text presents the very first identified specimens of cup marks in the present-day territory of Poland; all differ significantly in terms of context, which consequently determines the potential for interpreting the finds. The first is a boulder which was put in place as grave-marker at a Wielbark Culture site dated to Late Iron Age. The find appears to overlap with the general pattern of regularities observed in the funerary rituals of the Wielbark communities. The second instance is an isolated boulder with cup marks – most likely positioned ex situ – discovered at Wilcza (Greater Poland). Regarding the latter, available information contributes little to determination of chronology of the cup marks and the original location of the boulder in the landscape, thus obscuring the primary function of the feature. The third boulder yielded the most contextual information; it is situated within a complex of numerous Middle Bronze Age barrows in Smoszew, at a site which constitutes a part of the Bronze Age cultural landscape that has survived in the Krotoszyn Forest in southern Greater Poland. For the authors, this very feature served as a basis for a contextual and chronological analysis of rock art which has hitherto remained unknown in Poland. In light of obtained data, the cup-marked boulder from Smoszew should be approached as an element of the funerary landscape created by the Tumulus Culture community and evidence of broader cultural processes which linked particular regions of Europe in the Bronze Age.
Vom sakralen Raum zur regionalen Marke
Authors: Hilpert Markus
Published: November 2019

Zahlreiche Kulturlandschaften, die maßgeblich von religiösen Bauwerken, Traditionen oder Riten geprägt sind, nutzen in ihrem touristischen Marketing diese Besonderheiten und entwickeln darauf basierend eine regionale Marke mit eigenem Namen, Logo und Webauftritt. Die Zielgruppe umfasst dabei sowohl religiöse wie auch nicht-religiöse Menschen, weshalb die sakrale Landschaft im Zuge des Brandingprozesses auf jene Facetten reduziert wird, die auch für nicht-religiöse Besucher als interessant erachtet werden. Dadurch wird die regionale Marke nicht nur manipuliert, sondern verliert häufig auch ihre Einzigartigkeit. Die Kommodifizierung wertet die sakrale Landschaft letztlich also nicht auf, sondern opfert ihre unique selling proposition (USP) dem vermuteten Massenmarkt, wodurch der Sinn einer Marke aber fallweise in Frage gestellt wird.
Entwicklungen der Tourismus Governance in Marokko mit Fokus auf die Region Souss-Massa
Authors: Kagermeier Andreas , Amzil Lahoucine , Fasskaoui Brahim El
Published: November 2019

Im globalen Süden sind traditionelle hierarchische Steuerungsansätze immer noch weit verbreitet. Die sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten stark verändernden Wettbewerbsbedingungen haben allerdings den Innovationsbedarf im Tourismus deutlich erhöht. Dieser Beitrag analysiert die Faktoren, welche eine Stimulierung einer innovationsorientierten Tourismusentwicklung erleichtern könnten. Als grundlegende Hypothese wird dabei auf das Gegenstromprinzip und das Subsidiaritätskonzept Bezug genommen. Am Beispiel der Region Souss-Massa in Südmarokko wird eine Analyse der Rollen von öffentlichen und privatwirtschaftlichen Akteuren sowie zivilgesellschaftlichen Initiativen durchgeführt. Die zentrale Frage ist dabei, welche Art von Beziehung zwischen den Stakeholdern effektive Governance-Prozesse zwischen lokalen, regionalen und (inter-) nationalen Stakeholdern fördern würde. Eine der Haupthindernisse scheint zu sein, dass die bestehenden Bedingungen für die Staatsführung bei der Förderung privater Aktivitäten die Umsetzung eines innovationsorientierten Angebots an Optionen für den ländlichen Tourismus einschränken. Der Beitrag beleuchtet Einschränkungen bestehender Governance-Strukturen, die zu einer suboptimalen Leistung und Effektivität von (hauptsächlich) Top-Down-Ansätzen führen.
Hoteldirektor vs. Zimmermädchen
Authors: Wotha Brigitte , Beyer Dörte
Published: November 2019

Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert auf Grundlage der Daten der Bundesanstalt für Arbeit die geschlechtsspezifische Platzierung der erwerbstätigen Männer und Frauen in der deutschen Tourismus-Branche. Es wird nachgewiesen, dass Frauen überwiegend im Servicebereich sowie in Büro-Berufen arbeiten. Männer sind dagegen im Bereich Sport eher vertreten. Der Frauenanteil in Positionen mit Aufsichts- und Führungsaufgaben ist verglichen mit dem Bundesdurchschnitt aller Branchen hoch, jedoch niedriger als der durchschnittliche Frauenanteil in den touristischen Berufsgruppen. In der Altersgruppe, in die die Familienphase fällt, geht der Frauenanteil in Führungspositionen in der Hotellerie zurück, trotz leicht steigendem Frauenanteil insgesamt in dieser Alters- und Berufsgruppe. In Teilzeit oder geringfügig sind mehrheitlich Frauen beschäftigt, jedoch sind in der Gastronomie auch Männer überdurchschnittlich häufig in atypischer Beschäftigung.
Understanding the Hot Working Behavior of a Ni-Base Superalloy XH 67 via Processing Map Approach
Authors: Koundinya N. T. B. N. , Sri Bharadwaj K. , Nandha Kumar E. , Narayana Murty S. V. S. , Kottada Ravi Sankar
Published: November 2019

Hot deformation behavior of nickel-based superalloy XH 67 (Ni-18.5Cr-4.5Mo-4.5W-3.0Fe-2.5Ti-1.2Al) was investigated in the temperature range of 900°C–1,200°C and in the strain rate range of 10−3–10 s−1. A processing map was generated from the flow stress data. Detailed postdeformation microscopy was carried out to understand the microstructural evolution during hot deformation. Correlation of the kinetic analysis together with microstructural characterization studies was accomplished to identify the rate controlling mechanism. An increase in the fraction of ∑3 boundaries is observed with an increase in the strain rate at 1,150°C. In the temperature range of 1,100°C–1,200°C, discontinued dynamic recrystallization has been identified as the major softening mechanism. Based on the critical analysis of the mechanical data together with microstructural analysis, the safe hot working regime for the XH 67 alloy is established to have a temperature range of 1,100°C–1,200°C and a strain rate range of 10−3 to 5 × 10−2 s−1.
Development of a Digital Architecture for Distributed CNC Machine Health Monitoring
Authors: Newman Daniel , Parto Mahmoud , Saleeby Kyle , Kurfess Thomas , Dugenske Andrew
Published: November 2019

With the advancement of the Internet of Things, machines are expected to become more connected by transmitting operational data in ways that can readily be consumed by analytics engines. In recent years, a substantial amount of research has been conducted to create techniques of acquiring and utilizing machine data to inform supply chain decisions and monitor machine health. In modern manufacturing equipment, standard interfaces such as MTConnect and Open Platform Communications–Unified Architecture facilitate the data acquisition process by providing a means of easily capturing machine controller data. With data from these interfaces, monitoring quantities such as machine utilization are possible by monitoring the MTConnect interface and performing analysis on the machine state. In a distributed manufacturing environment, a means of remotely accessing this data must be developed. The infrastructure responsible for this data transmission must be secure, scalable, and standardized. If detailed machine health metrics are to be analyzed, the infrastructure should be able to accommodate data from sources beyond the machine controller itself. Supplementing the controller data with that from additional sensors, such as accelerometers, temperature, humidity, and current sensors, a more complete picture of machine health status can be created. This article will present a digital architecture that meets these criteria and demonstrate the use cases in machine utilization and health monitoring.