bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Middleman Effect: The ethical consequences of paying others to act on one's behalf
Authors: Macdonald Chris
Published: April 2020

In a time where we are increasingly made aware of unsustainable and unethical corporations, it is important to ask why consumers continue to purchase their products? Why aren't more people 'voting' with their dollar and demanding higher environmental and ethical standards? Is it simply a lack of awareness or are there also underlying factors that increase our tolerance to unethical conduct? This paper reveals a phenomenon that shares similarities to the bystander effect: the middleman effect. The results of Experiment 1 reveal that participants are more likely to purchase unethical products if there are more middlemen involved in the manufacturing process.  Experiment 2 reveals that while maintaining the same number of middlemen in a given situation, it is significant when the unethical conduct takes place in a series of linear events; as the unethical conduct gets closer to the point of purchase, the tolerance of unethical behaviour decreases. The middleman effect may be an important part of the puzzle which facilitates those around the world striving for an ethical and sustainable future.
Liner Shipping Connectivity and International Trade in Maritime Southeast Asian Countries
Authors: Mohamad REZA , Kamonchanok SUTHIWARTNARUEPUT , Pongsa PORNCHAIWISESKUL
Published: April 2020

Liner connectivity plays an important role as a determinant in how a country is able to gain access to world markets. Liner shipping as the medium of seaborne transport for import and export of manufactured and semi-manufactured goods plays a significant part in international trade, which in turn potentially contribute towards the prosperity of a country and its surrounding region. Liner Shipping Connectivity Index (LSCI) is one of the most common benchmark to see how well connected a country in global trade, where it consists of five components, namely the number of ships, carrying capacity, ship size, services provided, and the number of companies that deploy container ships calling a country’s ports. This paper aims to tally from the most to the least which LSCI component contributes in improving the shipping connectivity with the most impact, in six Maritime South-East Asian countries, i.e., Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. By descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and panel data, this paper finds that the country port’s capacity to accept larger ship size provides the most significant impact towards the improvement of the connectivity in the region. To attract companies to deploy largest ship, the improvement needs to be complemented with the capacity that can meet the expected volume, offering a variety of service, and good turnaround speed at the country’s port. The paper is expected to present not only indicative recommendations on which logistics connectivity initiative needs to be invested first, but also necessary proposals to develop a programme for building the region’s overall logistics industry.

Paper Code: SLC-206
Selection of signal registration points in the monitoring process and diagnosing the condition of the rail vehicle
Authors: Chudzikiewicz Andrzej , Stelmach Anna , Wawrzyński Wojciech
Published: April 2020

The article discusses the process of selecting points on a rail vehicle in which sensors recording signals will be located, with a view to their later use in the process of monitoring the condition of the vehicle and in particular elements of the first and second degree suspension system. The number of such points and their location is significant considering the complexity of the monitoring system and thus the costs of its construction and subsequent operation, as well as the possibility of using registered signals in the process of diagnosing the technical condition of the vehicle, bearing in mind the functioning of such a system in on-line mode.
Interaction of railway with turnout
Authors: Kisilowski Jerzy , Kowalik-Adamczyk Elżbieta
Published: April 2020

The paper presents a mathematical model of the switch point with R radius > 1200 m. The switch point was treated as a beam with variable stiffness and variable moment of inertia. A simulation was performed for a constant force loading the switch point and for real parameters of the switch point with R = 1200 m.
Coverage of Problems of the History of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in the Far East during the Transition Period to the Market in Domestic Literature
Authors:   Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Klimenko Grigory Sergeevich
Published: April 2020

The research of the formation of entrepreneurship in the era of market reforms in Russia is an urgent issue that is important for understanding the transformation process. The article considers the main problems of small and medium-sized enterprises in their coverage of domestic and foreign researchers. The study emphasizes the debatable nature of assessments, highlighting several factors of this historiographic situation: the appearance of publications at different stages of denationalization as a major historical event, including the incompleteness of the privatization process, the non-recognition of its legitimacy in the public mind, the inclusion of authors with different political views, and party belonging, inclusion in the socio-political analytics of publicists and historians of different generations. Various approaches and aspects of studying the problem both at the state and regional levels are given, taking into account the chronological stages of the study. The author has cщme to the conclusion that one of the promising areas in the study of small and medium-sized enterprises can become a socio-anthropological approach. The possibilities and prospects of further study of this issue are analyzed.
A Visual Text of an Arctic City: Analysis Methods and Interpretation Options
Authors:   Murmansk Arctic State University, Tereshchenko Elena Yurievna , Zhelnina Zoia Yurievna ,   Murmansk Arctic State University
Published: April 2020

The study is devoted to the consideration of a city as a semiotic phenomenon and the identification of specifics of visual signs and sign systems that form it. Its relevance is caused by the need to use a humanitarian research of a city, especially on strategically important northern territories. A visual text of a city is considered in several aspects: the meaning of individual signs (a semantic analysis), principles of connecting signs into systems of various levels (a syntactic analysis), the interaction of signs with a perceiving subject (a pragmatic analysis). A pragmatic analysis of a visual text of a city is presented in the case of Murmansk. Described interpretation options of a visual text are based on answers of informants to the questionnaire developed as a part of the project ‘The Creative City – the Territory of Development’ of Murmansk Arctic State University. As a result of the survey, recommendations are formulated about the formation of an architectural and artistic appearance of this city. The scientific novelty of the study consists in applying the methodology of a semiotic analysis to a visual text of Murmansk. The theoretical significance lies in the possibility of using these methods in relation to visual texts of other cities.
Information Communication as a Factor of Social Solidarity
Authors:   Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Narykov Nikolay Vladimirovich , Kuzmenko Irina Sergeevna ,   Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Published: April 2020

Solidarity represents one of bases of stable existence of society. In this regard the researches, focused on studying the factors of increasing the level of solidarity, have high degree of the importance. The investigation of major destructive factors reducing solidarity level in society is also relevant. One of the most important aspects of social solidarity is the area of information communication. The paper deals with the changes, which affected conditions of formation of social solidarity, as a result of an intensification of information and communication processes. A ratio of cultural and information aspects is investigated. It is proved that the increase in intensity of information processes leads to destabilization of the area of social interaction connected with the increase in social dynamics. During the historical analysis of the conditions and characteristics of information processes for the last decades it is proved that the area of information processes has undergone profound changes. The increase in intensity of information communications is investigated as a factor of social solidarity. The possibilities that the current state of the information sphere provides within the framework of increasing the level of cohesion of members of the society, as well as the risks correlating with the development of the information sector, are evaluated. The question is raised on the social responsibility of the media, as well as the need to increase the sustainability of the social worldview of members of society to negative information impacts.
The Concept of the Heart: the Reflections of St. Theophan the Recluse in the Context of Russian Religious Philosophy of the 19th Century
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Goncharenko Igor Viktorovich
Published: April 2020

The paper presents the author’s study of the concept of the Heart in the philosophical and theological thought of the largest figure in Russian culture of the 19th century – St. Theophan the Recluse (G.V. Govorov). Pointing to the broad semantic context of religious and philosophical thought, in which the thoughts of St. Theophan are immersed, the author refers to the works of I.V. Kireevsky, A.S. Khomyakov, I.A. Ilyin, P.A. Florensky, B.P. Vysheslavtseva et al. dedicated to the philosophy of the Heart. The position of St. Theophan is distinguished by a consistent practical appeal to the Christian mystical-ascetic tradition of the seeker. According to St. Theophan, the conceptual and philosophical recognition of the Heart is a symbol of the innermost being of the Russian soul and also the instance of self-knowledge (“human self-awareness”); the retention of this instance in the horizon of self-knowledge allows us to avoid the dualism of a rationalistic and/or sensualistic understanding of human nature. St. Theophan prefers not theoretical or modeling approaches to human research but a holistic, practical understanding of the vital completeness of human experience, the fundamental openness of real human existence up to the dialogical appeal to the Primary Image, in the sympathetic equality of faith and truth and in the hope of finding answers to eternal questions related to the purpose and meanings of human being. The work concludes that the practical conceptualization of the Heart, outlined by St. Theophan, remains relevant for modern philosophical and anthropological research, in the era after postmodernism, when the processes of a return understanding of historically different anthropological paradigms are really activated.
Comparison of liposomal bupivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy
Authors: Reader Rebecca C. , McCarthy Robert J. , Schultz Krystle L. , Volturo Alison R. , Barton Bruce A. , O'Hara Mara J. , Abelson Amanda L.
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

To compare liposome-encapsulated bupivacaine (LEB) and (nonliposomal) 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride (0.5BH) for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO).

ANIMALS

33 client-owned dogs.

PROCEDURES

In a randomized clinical trial, dogs undergoing TPLO received LEB (5.3 mg/kg [2.4 mg/lb]) or 0.5BH (1.5 mg/kg [0.68 mg/lb]) by periarticular soft tissue injection. All dogs received carprofen (2.2 mg/kg [1 mg/lb], SC, q 12 h) beginning at extubation. Signs of pain were assessed at extubation and predetermined times up to 48 hours later with the Colorado State University-Canine Acute Pain Scale and Glasgow Composite Pain Scale-Short Form. A pressure nociceptive threshold device was used at the affected stifle joint before surgery and at 5 postoperative time points. Methadone (0.1 mg/kg [0.05 mg/lb], IV) was administered if the Colorado State University pain scale score was ≥ 2 (scale, 0 to 4). Surgical variables; pain scores; pressure nociceptive thresholds; times to first administration of rescue analgesic, first walk, and first meal consumption; and total opioid administration were compared between treatment groups.

RESULTS

28 dogs completed the study. Dogs administered LEB were less likely to require rescue analgesia and received lower amounts of opioids than dogs administered 0.5BH. There were no significant intergroup differences in other measured variables.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The LEB appeared to provide adequate analgesia after TPLO with lower requirements for opioid treatments, which may allow dogs to be discharged from the hospital earlier than with traditional pain management strategies.
Cross-sectional survey of cat handling practices in veterinary clinics throughout Canada and the United States
Authors: Moody Carly M. , Dewey Cate E. , Niel Lee
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

To assess handling techniques commonly used during routine examinations and procedures used for calm, fearful, and aggressive cats by veterinarians and nonveterinarian staff at Canadian and US veterinary practices and to evaluate demographic factors associated with those handling techniques.

SAMPLE

310 veterinarians and 944 nonveterinarians who handle cats at Canadian and US veterinary practices.

PROCEDURES

An online questionnaire was developed to evaluate respondent demographics and use of common cat handling practices and techniques. A snowball sampling method was used to send a link to the questionnaire to members of Canadian and US veterinary-affiliated groups. Descriptive statistics were generated; logistic regression was used to identify demographic factors associated with the use of minimal and full-body restraint with scruffing during routine examination and procedures for fearful and aggressive cats.

RESULTS

Full-body restraint was used to handle cats of all demeanors, although its frequency of use was greatest for fearful and aggressive cats. Veterinarians and nonveterinarians who graduated from veterinary training programs before 2006 were less likely to use full-body restraint for cats of all demeanors, compared with nonveterinarians who did not graduate or graduated between 2006 and 2015. Other factors associated with decreased use of full-body restraint included working at an American Association of Feline Practitioners-certified practice and working at a Canadian practice.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that full-body restraint is commonly used to handle cats. Further research is necessary to determine whether current handling recommendations are effective in decreasing stress for cats during veterinary visits.
Priorities of the current structure of the Russian macroeconomics
Authors: Smirnov V.V. , Mulendeeva A.V.
Published: April 2020

Subject. The study examines the structure of Russia's macroeconomics and analyzed its metrics.
Objectives. The study determines metrics of the current structure of Russia's macroeconomics and marks achievable ones.
Methods. The study is based on the systems approach and statistical, cluster, neural network and non-parametric analysis.
Results. We assessed whether it is necessary to determine priorities of Russia's macroeconomic structure as it is today when the global economy departs from the total globalization policy to U.S.-style segmented corporate governance. We found what factors inhibit a growth in unemployment, industrial production, services and agriculture. We figured out what is required for more intensified trade, trend in foreign direct investment, and distinctions of the Russian financial system. The article highlights a course towards the liberalization of the Russian marker, while the Corruption Perceptions Index continues to grow steadily.
Conclusions and Relevance. The priorities shape ambiguous pictures of the Russian economy in terms of curbing a growth in unemployment, low efficiency of industrial production, servicing sector, agriculture, and sustainable dependence of a growth in labor productivity and the GDP deflator, opportunistic growth in total reserves, liberalization of the Russian market and Corruption Perceptions Index. The findings could be used to formulate and adjust the Russian economic policy at the macroeconomic level.
Multiple factor analysis of the use of the Internet in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation
Authors: Ugryumova A.A. , Pautova L.E. , Zamakhovskii M.P.
Published: April 2020

Subject. The study constitutes the multiple factor analysis of using the Internet and groups the information infrastructure of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation by homogeneous development trends.
Objectives. The study is to analyze the emergence and development of the information space that helps evaluate the extent to which entities of the national economy are competitive, and identify promising leaders and outsiders of the information development.
Methods. Research employs methods of the multiple factor statistical analysis, including cluster, factor, situational and correlation analysis.
Results. Suggested in the study, the multiple factor analysis can focus on evidence from various countries so as to use the effective mechanism for detecting typical groups of regions and steering their socio-economic development.
Conclusions and Relevance. We performed the trend analysis, correlation and factor analysis of the way the Internet is used across the Russian Federation in 2016–2017, referring to the percentage of household and business users of the Internet. We discovered emerging tendencies of using the Internet across Russia in 2017 and regions where such trends persevere or decline. As the correlation analysis shows, there was a direct and strong correlation between percentages of households and legal entities using the Internet in 2016, while the relationship was weak and inverse in 2017. The factor analysis revealed the sole latent (hidden) factor influencing the use of the Internet in Russia in 2017, which we construed as regional budgetary spending.
Analyzing the Russian tool-making industry within the sustainable development concept
Authors: Ryzhikova T.N. , Borovskii V.G.
Published: April 2020

Subject. The article explores the economic component of sustainable development through the classification of industries from the perspective of assigning the output goods to fixed or current assets, using different types of resources and assessing their condition. It considers factors of production affecting the achievement of the result and determining the development of economic systems at the meso- and micro-hierarchical level.
Objectives. The aim is to assess the function of economic systems of different hierarchical levels on the tool-making facilities case.
Methods. We apply an approach using general and special methods of comparative and statistical analysis, synthesis and analogies.
Results. The paper analyzes the development of the Russian tool-making industry on the basis of resource-oriented approach to assess the functioning of economic systems at various levels. We review interrelations between resource use efficiency, types of sustainable development of economic systems at various hierarchical levels and strategic security of the country.
Conclusions. Any development can be considered sustainable, if there is an increment in the intensive development of economic systems at all three levels.
Analyzing the balancing problem at the stages of creating high-tech products
Authors: Leonov A.V. , Pronin A.Yu.
Published: April 2020

Subject. The most important and responsible stage of justifying State programs for high-tech product creation is the balancing of program activities. This task becomes especially urgent when fulfilling the customer requirements for efficiency and quality of high-tech products under tight constraints on fund allocation.
Objectives. The study aims to create a general balancing model based on a comprehensive analysis of the conceptual and methodological framework of balancing in various fields of activity.
Methods. As a starting methodological premise – a scientific hypothesis, we substantiate the use of the principle of scientific syllogism, which includes general and special premises and a conclusion containing new scientific knowledge, and the principle of self-organization to take into account internal processes of balancing.
Results. We formulated a conceptual framework for balancing to support the creation of high-tech products. On its basis we developed a general model and described its main parts, including the goal of balancing, conditions, criteria and parameters, and the result of balancing. We also formulated the general problem of balancing and methods to solve it. The paper shows that the problems of balancing and optimization on the one hand and the task of self-organization on the other hand are identical.
Conclusions. The obtained results can be used to improve methodological tools to manage the creation of high-tech products while developing long-term technological programs, mitigate the risk of their implementation, define of sustainable innovative and technological development of the country.
International financial institutions are a leaf on modern neoliberalism. The review of the book by Tat'yana A. Yugai, The Hell Machine Coercing to Freedom
Authors: Vikulov S.F. , Gorgola E.V.
Published: April 2020

In this article we offer you our review of the book The Hell Machine Coercing to Freedom by Tat'yana A. Yugai, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Class 3 Governmental Advisor of the Russian Federation.
Investment prospects of Russia in terms of economic cooperation with PRC
Authors: Stepanov Nikita Sergeevich
Published: April 2020

The subject of this research is the trends and peculiarities of investment cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China. The object of this research is the economic cooperation of the two states. The relevance is substantiated by the fact that Russia-China economic cooperation is in priority among the politicians and researchers; due to its high importance for the two countries, it would expand gradually, but there are still multiple problems for deepening the relations and increasing complementarity. The foal of the article consists in examination of investment prospects of the Russian Federation in terms of economic cooperation with China, identification of the problems, and search of possible ways out of the situation. It is underlined that Russia-China economic relations are largely based on the traditional trade. Investments between the countries are limited, and joint projects lately remain incomplete. The author assumes that the significant internal modernizations are necessary in supply chains, which should be subsidized by Russia in order to retain sustainability of regional development. It is determined that there is strong potential for intensification of economic relations, fulfillment of which requires solution of multiple problems.
Subjects of legal relations emerging from bank guarantee in the contractual system
Authors: Mel'nichenko Sergei Vasil'evich
Published: April 2020

The object of this research is the parties of relations of bank guarantee within the contractual system. The subject of this research is the legal position of the parties of the relations pertaining to provision bank guarantee in the sphere of procurement. In the process of examining the status of the parties of relations in bank guarantee within the contractual system, the author examines the normative legal acts that establish requirements and boundaries for parties of the relations pertaining to guarantee commitment in the sphere of procurement. Throughout the process of studying the status of subjects of guarantee commitments in the sphere of procurement, special attention is given to the requirements imposed on the guarantor, beneficiary, and principal in the contractual system. The main conclusions consist in the requirements established by the Law on Contractual System and other normative legal acts restricting the list of persons authorized to act as a guarantor, beneficiary, and principal of bank guarantee in the sphere of procurement. It is determined that such requirements are characteristic to the guarantee commitment in the sphere of procurement.
On the Nature in Relation to Reasonable Creatures
Authors: Kedrov I. A.
Published: April 2020

The article is the third part of “An Essay Concerning Philosophy of Nature”, the work of the Russian philosopher and psychologist Ivan Andreevich Kedrov (1811–1846), published in 1838. The text is brought into line with modern spelling and punctuation.
Exfoliative dermatitis causing diagnostic dilemma: Sibling provides the missing link
Authors: Jagadeesan Soumya , Eapen Malini , Karunakaran Aditi , Panicker Vinitha , Anjaneyan Gopikrishnan , Lekshmi S. , Sreedevan V. , Thomas Jacob
Published: April 2020

A 49-year-old male presented with erythroderma of 3-month duration with a flexural onset. No mucosal lesions were present, and skin biopsy showed features of acantholysis and suprabasal clefting. Direct immunofluorescence test was negative in repeated examinations. The patient was presumptively managed as pemphigus foliaceus with immunomodulators though the level of split was suprabasal rather than subcorneal, and the patient responded well to the treatment. However, his elder sister presented to the department with clinical and histopathological features of classical Hailey–Hailey disease (HHD) which resembled the pathological features found in the index case. This prompted us to review the diagnosis and retrospectively diagnose the index case as HHD presenting with erythroderma.
Suggestions for second-pass anti-COVID-19 drugs based on the Artificial Intelligence measures of molecular similarity, shape and pharmacophore distribution.
Authors: Moskal Martyna , Beker Wiktor , Roszak Rafał , Gajewska Ewa P. , Wołos Agnieszka , Molga Karol , Szymkuć Sara , Grynkiewicz Grzegorz , Grzybowski Bartosz
Published: April 2020

Artificial Intelligence algorithms are used to identify “progeny” drugs that are similar to the “parents” already being tested against COVID-19. These algorithms assess similarity not only by the molecular make-up of the molecules, but also by the “context” in which specific functional groups are arrangedand/or by three-dimensional distribution of pharmacophores. The parent-progeny relationships span same-indication drugs (mostly antivirals) as well as those in which the “progenies” have different and perhaps less intuitive primary indications (e.g., immunosuppressant or anti-cancer progenies from antiviral parents). The “progenies” are either already approved drugs or medications in advanced clinical trials – should the currently tested “parent” medicines fail in clinical trials, these “progenies” could be, therefore, re-purposed against the COVID-19 on the timescales relevant to the current pandemic.
Efficient and Sustainable Synthesis of a Potent and Selective 5-HT7 Receptor Antagonist Using a Mechanochemical Approach
Authors: Canale Vittorio , Frisi Valeria , Bantreil Xavier , Lamaty Frédéric , Zajdel Paweł
Published: April 2020

Recently, ball milling has become an excellent tool in synthetic organic chemistry as it offers several advantages over classical batch synthesis. Here, an efficient and sustainable mechanochemical procedure was developed to obtain PZ-1361, a potent and selective 5-HT7 receptor antagonist, with significant antidepressant properties in rodents. The elaborated protocol limited the use of organic solvents, reduced the excess of the alkylating agent, and enabled to avoid column chromatography purification of intermediates and the final compound.
Ubiquitin and SUMO conjugation as biomarkers of acute myeloid leukemias response to chemotherapies
Authors: Gâtel Pierre , Brockly Frédérique , Reynes Christelle , Pastore Manuela , Hicheri Yosr , Cartron Guillaume , Piechaczyk Marc , Bossis Guillaume
Published: April 2020

Ubiquitin and the ubiquitin-like SUMO are covalently conjugated to thousands of proteins to modulate their function and fate. Many of the enzymes involved in their conjugation are dysregulated in cancers and involved in cancer cell response to therapies. We describe here the identification of biomarkers of the activity of these enzymes and their use to predict acute myeloid leukemias (AML) response to standard chemotherapy (daunorubicin-DNR and cytarabine-Ara-C). We compared the ability of extracts from chemosensitive and chemoresistant AML cells to conjugate ubiquitin or SUMO-1 on 9,000 proteins spotted on protein arrays. We identified 122 proteins whose conjugation by these posttranslational modifiers marks AML resistance to DNR and/or Ara-C. Based on this signature, we defined a statistical score predicting AML patient response to standard chemotherapy. We finally developed a miniaturized assay allowing for easy assessment of modification levels of the selected biomarkers and validated it in patient cell extracts. Thus, our work identifies a new type of ubiquitin-based biomarkers that could be used to predict cancer patient response to treatments.
Robust production of uniform human cerebral organoids from pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Sivitilli Adam A , Gosio Jessica T , Ghoshal Bibaswan , Evstratova Alesya , Trcka Daniel , Ghiasi Parisa , Hernandez J Javier , Beaulieu Jean Martin , Wrana Jeffrey L , Attisano Liliana
Published: April 2020

Human cerebral organoid (hCO) models offer the opportunity to understand fundamental processes underlying human-specific cortical development and pathophysiology in an experimentally tractable system. Although diverse methods to generate brain organoids have been developed, a major challenge has been the production of organoids with reproducible cell type heterogeneity and macroscopic morphology. Here, we have directly addressed this problem by establishing a robust production pipeline to generate morphologically consistent hCOs and achieve a success rate of >80%. These hCOs include both a radial glial stem cell compartment and electrophysiologically competent mature neurons. Moreover, we show using immunofluorescence microscopy and single-cell profiling that individual organoids display reproducible cell type compositions that are conserved upon extended culture. We expect that application of this method will provide new insights into brain development and disease processes.
PENGARUH ALIRAN MODAL ASING TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI ASIA
Authors: Pasaribu Shafiah Meike Serepina
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTCapital account liberalization possibly promotes growth. However, the policy is considered a source of crisis. This study examines the effect of foreign capital inflows, in terms of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) and FPI (Foreign Portfolio Investment), on economic growth and examines the determinants of capital flows to selected Asian countries over the 1998-2017 period. Based on the Two-Stage Least Square result, higher USA growth rates and lower interest rate differential are push factors of FDI, while domestic economic growth is a pull factor of FDI and FPI. The long-run FDI positively and significantly affects growth, whereas FPI has a negative but non-significant effect. The result indicates that an increase in growth can boost FDI inflows thereupon leads to higher growth. Keywords: economic growth; capital flows; liberalization
TELAAH INSENTIF PAJAK PENERBITAN BUKU
Authors: Sambodo Maxensius Tri , Fuady Ahmad Helmy , Soekarni Muhammad , Pranata Nika , Thoha Mahmud , Bahri Darwin Syamsul , Erfanie Sairi , Firmansyah Firmansyah , Astuty Ernany Dwi , Hakam Saiful , Hidayat Syarif , Gema Ari Juliano , Tampubolon Sabartua , Suryani Linda
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThe creative economy is expected to be increasingly able to improve the quality of national economic development. The publishing sector which is one of 16 (sixteen) creative industry fields is expected to play a more important role to educate people. Thus, it is necessary to develop supporting publishing industry in Indonesia. This article is intended to answer the following five issues: (i) how are the developments, obstacles, opportunities and challenges in the publishing activities? (ii) what is the value chain of publishing business, and how is the tax policy in each chain? (iii) how should tax book publishing incentives be provided? (iv) what is the impact of providing tax incentives on the prospects of a publishing business? (v) how can the provision of tax incentives encourage the development of the publishing sector and the competitiveness of its industry? This study uses a mixed method approach and information deepening is carried out in 7 provinces in Indonesia. This article has resulted two special findings: (i) identifying crucial issues in the book publishing industry; and (ii) produce a formulation of government policy recommendations, specifically to provide tax incentives to encourage the growth of the publishing sector.Keywords: creative economy; publishing book; tax incetives
DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN TAX HOLIDAY PADA ALIRAN MASUK FDI INDUSTRI PIONIR DI INDONESIA
Authors: Karimullah Muhammad Tri
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTIn 2011, the Indonesian government issued a Tax Holiday policy as an incentive to attract investment. However, the policy is still considered not optimal in increasing FDI realization in Indonesian pioneer industry. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Tax Holiday policy in increasing the realization of direct investment in Indonesian pioneer industry; as well as to investigate other factors influencing the inflow of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the industry. The results of descriptive analysis and VECM show that Tax Holiday policy has increased the realization of direct investment of pioneer industries in 2012 and 2014 by 5.17% and 4.66%, respectively. In addition, there are other factors that influence the FDI inflow to the Indonesian pioneer industry, namely: GDP, economic openness, labor force participation, loan interest rates, exchange rates, and per-capita GDP. Maintaining the stability of these factors is important to support Tax Holiday's policy in increasing direct investment activities in Indonesia pioneer industry.Keywords: tax holiday; Foreign Direct Investment; Indonesian pioneer industry
Crystal structure and physical properties of a new one-dimensional polymer based on 1,3,5-tris(2-methylimidazol-1-yl)benzene and 5-nitro-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid
Authors: Zhang X.-Y. , Xu M.-L. , Wu J.-P. , Wang J.
Published: April 2020

A one-dimensional Co(II) complex {[Co2(TIMB)(NO2—IPA)2(H2O)2]·H2O}n (1) (TIMB = 1,3,5-tris(2-methylimidazol-1-yl)benzene, NO2—H2IPA = 5-nitro-1,3-benzenedicarbo­xylic acid) is synthesized and characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and the elemental analysis. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that 1 is a 1D polymeric loop chain based on [Co4(NO2—IPA)4] and [Co2(TIMB)2] loops. Complex 1 exhibits an emission band at 358 nm (λex = 322 nm) and good catalytic photodegradation of RhB. Furthermore, there are antiferromagnetic interactions between the magnetic Co(II) centers in 1.
Модель межмолекулярного взаимодействия с образованием водородной связи и ее применение для характеристики селективности хроматографических фаз на примере полиэтиленгликолей
Authors: Долгоносов А.М. , Зайцева Е.А.
Published: April 2020

Предложенная модель межмолекулярного взаимодействия содержит три независимые группы величин, описывающих неполярные, полярные силы и водородную связь, причем вклад водородной связи представлен как произведение пороговой величины, имеющей квантовую природу, на вероятность такого расположения молекул, при котором эта связь реализуется. Даны определения двух характеристик, отличающих полярные вещества от неполярных — «полярности» и «гидрофильности»; вместе с обобщенным зарядом эти характеристики являются независимыми аргументами трехпараметрической модели для жидких фаз, используемых в хроматографии. Модель применена для описания взаимодействия полярной молекулы газовой фазы с жидким полиэтиленгликолем (ПЭГ). Выводятся теоретические зависимости полярности и гидрофильности ПЭГ от молекулярной массы. График этих зависимостей, построенный в координатах «полярность—гидрофильность», хорошо согласуется с характеристиками ПЭГ как неподвижных фаз, полученными из хроматографических экспериментов.
Кристаллические формы бетулинa: полиморфизм или псевдополиморфизм?
Authors: Дребущак Т.Н. , Михайловская А.В. , Дребущак В.А. , Михайленко М.А. , Мызь С.А. , Шахтшнейдер Т.П. , Кузнецова С.А.
Published: April 2020

При перекристаллизации с использованием различных растворителей, а также при разложении сольвата бетулина с этанолом при комнатной температуре получена новая кристаллическая форма биологически активного вещества бетулина — полугидрат бетулина. По данным, полученным при рентгеновском исследовании монокристаллов, определена кристаллическая структура полугидрата бетулина. Методами порошковой терморентгенографии и дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии установлено, что при нагревании полугидрата бетулина до плавления происходит удаление молекул Н2О и два твердофазных превращения, связанных с образованием промежуточной кристаллической формы и ромбической модификации бетулина.
Preliminary study on the correlation of plasma hemolysis index and potassium measurement of inpatient in the Biochemistry Laboratory of General Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Chia Zhen Zhan  , Harun Asma , Salleh Nazil
Published: April 2020

Background:   Potassium (K+) is the essential micronutrient and major intracellular fluid cation which involves in various cellular metabolism activities, maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. Measurement of blood  concentration in a medical laboratory has often encountered disturbances such as hemolysis, which may lead to the elevation in  measurement and affects the medical diagnosis and treatment of the patient, conceivably fatal. Hemolysis can be decided using hemolysis index (H-index) through automation. Methods:   In this study, H-index and  concentration of fifty hospitalized patients (n=50) hemolysed blood samples were measured and correlated. Freezing-and-thaw method was used to hemolyse the blood samples. Different concentrations were diluted and analyzed using COBAS 8000 biochemistry analyser. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results:   Our findings showed significant mean differences, 0.001 (p ≤ 0.05) and strong positive linear relationship between two variables (H-index and ) (r=0.764, p ≤ 0.05). By applying calculated linear equation [y = 0.0048x + 5.146,  = 0.5838], critical value of  6.0 mmol/l gives H-index of 178, H-index above 178 is suggested to be critical. Discussion and Conclusion: Concentration increases in proportion to H-index. A greater degree of hemolysis causes more  ions to be released into extracellular fluid, respectively. In conclusion, when H-index less than 178 in  measurement and there is no analytical significance bias generated, the result is acceptable, whilst H-index with analyte variation between clinically significant bias range can be released with a comment regarding the potential of data alteration. Meanwhile, result with H-index exceeding the cut-offs should be suppressed and recollection of sample is required.
EVALUATION OF SOME COMMONLY AVAILABLE BRINJAL VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS AGAINST LEUCINODES ARBONALIS
Authors: S.Umamahesh  , K.Manjula  , Reddy B. Ravindra
Published: April 2020

Some commonly used varieties and hybrids of brinjal were evaluated against shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee during late kharif 2015-16 in insectary premises, Department of Entomology, S.V. Agricultural college, Tirupati. Eleven varieties and hybrids of brinjal were tested against shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis. The shoot damage was ranged from 4.06 to 15. 37 per cent in different cultivars. The lower shoot damage was recorded in Arka Neelakanth (4.06%), CVK (4.66%), Shyamala (5.30%), PHB-909 (6.06%) and Arka Keshav (6.46%). The mean fruit damage comparatively was less in hybrid Shyamala, Arka Neelakanth. In these two lines, on number basis, the mean per cent damaged fruits were 23 to 26 per cent. On weight basis also, similar results were obtained (22 to 23 % mean fruit damage). The highest mean fruit damage was recorded in CVK variety (65.83% on number basis and 59.55% on weight basis) followed by Ranjitha hybrid and Arka Kusumakar variety (58 to 59% and 53 to 57% on number and weight basis respectively) at 100 days after transplanting. In remaining lines also, above 35 per cent fruit damage was recorded. Plant height, number of branches, leaves and leaf area did not show any impact on the damage by L. orbonalis. Density of trichomes was found to have negative impact on L. orbonalis. The highest number of trichomes (201 per cm2 leaf area) was recorded on Shyamala. The lowest were in Arka Kusumakar which was highly susceptible one. However, in many of the tested lines, above 150 trichomes/cm2 leaf area were noted.
THE MEDINA OF GABES: A THREATENED ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN HERITAGE
Authors: Lassoued  , Rejeb
Published: April 2020

The city of Gabes has been considered an important crossroads and a center of an old commercial activity for caravans and nomads since antiquity. This is in fact because it is famous for its unique coastal Mediterranean oasis. Coastal oases are essentially sources of great biological diversity and particular natural habitations, which altogether make an essential component of the cultural identity of the region. This key element of cultural heritage is unfortunately facing a lot of challenges which threaten its existence. The present study tries to understand the context of the evolution of the oasis dwelling and the traditional urban landscapes of the city of Gabes. It seeks to identify the typology of this traditional dwelling and characterize its main components. It also assesses its current state and the profound changes it is experiencing in an atmosphere of negligence from the side of state which has avoided adopting the principles of urgent intervention to promote, enhance it and preserve this dwelling against the undesirable effects of modernization.
APPRAISAL OF SAFETY PRACTICES AT THE FASHION DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF TAKORADI TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Addaquay Alwyna Sackey , Davis Marian Stephanie , Mensah Philip
Published: April 2020

The importance of safety at the workplace cannot be overemphasized. The research was conducted at the Fashion Design and Technology department of Takoradi Technical University. Unfortunately, many safety precautions are overlooked with time. Users of sewing equipment and tools tend to believe they have gained enough experience over time with regard to handling same, so refuse to protect themselves with any protective gadgets. This study was therefore to identify the need for safety in the above-mentioned department through general risk assessment, examining what safety measures and practices were being followed, and the effect of accidents on work performance by examining some performance enhancers. The paper adopted the descriptive approach in analyzing issues. Primary data were obtained for analysis using questionnaire, in addition to some secondary sources of data. It was found out that some limited amount of security measures was observed. It was generally agreed that accidents or failure to observe safety practices resulted in delayed or uncompleted assignments. The major complaints included limited classroom space and workshop space, and inadequate sewing equipment for numerous students which impeded supervision and learning. It was recommended that the production unit (workshop) and classrooms be spacious and equipped with modern working equipment.
IMPOSING RESERVE TAX TO TURKISH FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FOR STRENGTHENING RESERVES OF THE CENTRAL BANK OF THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY / Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası Rezervlerinin Güçlendirilmesi İçin Türk Finansal Kurumlarına Rezerv Vergisi Uygulanması
Authors: KARTAL Mustafa Tevfik , TAN Ömer Faruk
Published: April 2020

Although foreign exchange rates (FER)
and inflation increased slowly between from 2002 and 2013, they increased
rapidly after that time and they have reached the highest level in 2018 on
annual base since 2006. Adverse developments in indicators like FER make negative
effects on economic actors by causing uncertainty and uneasiness. They also cause
adverse effects on a variety of macroeconomic indicators such as foreign debt
burden and interest payments. For this reason, it is important for countries to
determine causes of increasing in FER and take measures to keep them under
control. For this purpose, there are a lot of conventional tools like tight
monetary policy, tight fiscal policy, implementation of harmonious policies and
capital controls. In this context, reserves of CBRT are an important tool. However,
it is necessary to have adequate reserves in order to use reserves to keep FER
under control. Taking into consideration this fact, it is recommended to impose
reserve tax liability to financial institutions so that reserves of CBRT could
be increased.
Model Pengembangan Kurikulum PAI Multikultural
Authors: Qomarudin Muslih
Published: April 2020

Pendidikan agama Islam memberi kontribusi sangat besar dalam membangun karakter dan peradaban bangsa yang bermartabat. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam yang kontruktif dan kontektual, sehingga keberhasilan penyelenggaraan pendidikan agama berkontribusi terhadap calon generasi yang kaffah. Sebaliknya, kegagalan dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan agama akan berdampak terhadap lemahnya  akhlak generasi penerus dimasa mendatang dan akhirnya akan meruntuhkan Akhlak dan peradapan bangsa. Latar belakang budaya yang beragam di indonesia mengharuskan kurikulum PAI memiliki model kurikulum yang menghadirkan pendidikan yang toleran. Model pembelajaran PAI Multikultural yang mendasarkan keberagaman budaya menjadi dasar dalam pengembangan kurikulum PAI. Pengembangan kurikulum PAI multikultural menjadi pilar kelestarian budaya daerah dan budaya Nasional
Linguo-Culturological Analysis of Fiction Text at the Lessons of the Russian Language and Literature at the Senior Stage of Secondary Education
Authors: Ryabchenko Natal'ya Nikolaevna , San'kova Alena Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2020

The paper proposes methodology to teach linguo-culturological analysis of fiction text considered as a unit of language, speech and culture to senior pupils. The article describes an algorithm for working with fiction text, reveals peculiarities of step-by-step linguo-culturological analysis by the example of L. N. Tolstoy’s story “The Cossacks”. The authors describe methodological techniques and educational activities in the process of linguo-culturological analysis; identify its role in teaching the Russian Language and Literature at school. Scientific originality of the study involves developing an algorithm for working with fiction text as a phenomenon of language, speech and culture. Using this methodology allows achieving disciplinary, meta-disciplinary and personal results. By the example of L. N. Tolstoy’s story “The Cossacks”, the authors reveal peculiarities of step-by-step linguo-culturological analysis of fiction text at the Russian Language and Literature lessons; identify optimal methodological techniques to integrate this activity into educational process.