bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Observing convective activities in the complex organizations and their contributions to the precipitation and anvil amount
Authors: Wang Zhenquan
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The processes of convection precipitating and producing anvil clouds determine the Earth water and radiative budgets. However, convection could have very complicated organizations and behaviors in the tropics. A bunch of convective activities of various life stages would be connected together in the complex organizations and it is difficult to distinguish their behaviors, e.g., precipitating, producing the anvil, merging and splitting. In this work, from the hourly satellite images of the infrared brightness temperature (BT), the organization segments of a single but variable-BT cold core are identified and tracked. By the segment tracking, the detailed evolution of the organization structures (i.e., variations of the cold-core BT, mergers and splits) and the precipitation and anvil contributions of each organization segment are distinguished from the connected convection complex. The results show that the duration, precipitation and anvil amount of the tracked organization segments have a simple log-linear relationship with the cold-core-peak BT. The organization segments of the core colder than 220 K are the most robust with the duration of 4–16 hours, while the organization segments of the shallow warmer structures disappear rapidly in a few hours but are the most frequent. The frequency of the mergers and splits also increases exponentially with the decrease of the cold-core-peak BT. By the mergers and splits, more high cloud systems are born from convection and the lifetime-accumulated precipitation and anvil amount are strongly enhanced as compared to those of no mergers and splits. Overall, 85.4 % of tropical precipitation are contributed by the long-lived organization segments, in which 67.7 % are accompanied with mergers or splits. The tropical non-precipitating anvil amount are mostly contributed by both long-lived organization segments with mergers or splits (49.1 %) and fragile warm but frequent organization segments (28.7 %).
Flow-dependent observation errors for GHG inversions in an ensemble Kalman smoother
Authors: Steiner Michael , Cantarello Luca , Henne Stephan , Brunner Dominik
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Atmospheric inverse modeling is the process of estimating emissions from atmospheric observations by minimizing a cost function, which includes a term describing the difference between simulated and observed concentrations. The minimization of this difference is typically limited by uncertainties in the atmospheric transport model rather than by uncertainties in the observations. In this study, we showcase how a temporally varying, flow-dependent atmospheric transport uncertainty can enhance the accuracy of emission estimation through idealized experiments using the CTDAS-ICON-ART ensemble Kalman smoother system. We use the estimation of European CH4 emissions from the in-situ measurement network as an example, but we also demonstrate the additional benefits for trace gases with more localized sources, such as SF6. The uncertainty in flow-dependent transport is determined using meteorological ensemble simulations that are perturbed by physics and driven at the boundaries by an analysis ensemble from a global meteorology and CH4 simulation. The impact of a direct representation of temporally varying transport uncertainties in atmospheric inversions is then investigated in an observation system simulation experiment framework in various setups and for different flux signals. We show that the uncertainty in the transport model varies significantly in space and time, and it is generally highest during nighttime. We apply inversions using only afternoon observations as is common practice, but also explore the option of assimilating hourly data irrespective of the hour of day using a filter based on transport uncertainty and taking into account the temporal covariances. Our findings indicate that incorporating flow-dependent uncertainties in inversion techniques leads to more precise estimates of GHG emissions. Differences between estimated and true emissions could be reduced by 9 % to 82 % more effectively, with generally larger improvements for the SF6 inversion problem and for the more challenging setup with small flux signals.
Technical note: High-resolution analyses of concentrations and sizes of black carbon particles deposited on northwest Greenland over the past 350 years – Part 1. Continuous flow analysis of the SIGMA-D ice core using a Wide-Range Single-Particle Soot Photometer and a high-efficiency nebulizer
Authors: Goto-Azuma Kumiko , Dallmayr Remi , Ogawa-Tsukagawa Yoshimi , Moteki Nobuhiro , Mori Tatsuhiro , Ohata Sho , Kondo Yutaka , Koike Makoto , Hirabayashi Motohiro , Ogata Jun , Kitamura Kyotaro , Kawamura Kenji , Fujita Koji , Matoba Sumito , Nagatsuka Naoko , Tsushima Akane , Fukuda Kaori , Aoki Teruo
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Ice cores can provide long-term records of black carbon (BC), an important aerosol species closely linked to the climate and environment. However, previous studies of ice cores only analysed BC particles with diameter of <600–850 nm, which could have led to underestimation of BC mass concentrations. Information on the size distribution of BC particles is very limited, and there are no Arctic ice core records of the temporal variation in BC size distribution. In this study, we applied a recently developed improved technique to analyse the BC concentration in an ice core drilled at the SIGMA-D site in northwest Greenland. The improved technique, which uses a modified Single-Particle Soot Photometer and a high-efficiency nebulizer, widens the measurable range of BC particle size. For high-resolution continuous analyses of ice cores, we developed a continuous flow analysis (CFA) system (resolution: 10–40 mm). Coupling of the improved BC measurement technique with the CFA system allows accurate high-resolution measurements of the size distribution and concentration of BC particles with diameter between 70 nm and 4 μm, with minimal particle losses. Using this technique, we reconstructed the size distributions and the number and mass concentrations of BC particles during the past 350 years. On the basis of the size distributions, we assessed the underestimation of BC mass concentrations measured using the conventional method. For the period 2003–2013, the underestimation of the average mass concentration would have been 12 %–17 % for the SIGMA-D core.
High ice-nucleating particle concentrations associated with Arctic haze in springtime cold-air outbreaks
Authors: Raif Erin N. , Barr Sarah L. , Tarn Mark D. , McQuaid James B. , Daily Martin I. , Abel Steven J. , Barrett Paul A. , Bower Keith N. , Field Paul R. , Carslaw Kenneth S. , Murray Benjamin J.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The global variation of ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentrations is an important modulator of the cloud-phase feedback, where the albedo of mixed-phase clouds increases in a warming climate. Shallow clouds such as those observed in cold-air outbreaks (CAOs) are particularly important for cloud-phase feedbacks and highly sensitive to INPs. To investigate the sources and concentrations of INPs in CAOs, we made airborne measurements over the Norwegian and Barents seas as part of the March 2022 Arctic Cold-Air Outbreak (ACAO) field campaign. Aerosol samples were collected on filters at locations above, below and upwind of CAO cloud decks. Throughout the campaign, INP concentrations were comparable to the highest previously observed in the Arctic. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of samples taken upwind of cloud decks showed that super-micron aerosol was dominated by mineral dusts. Analysis of aerosol particle size measurements to obtain an INP active site density suggested sea spray was unlikely to be the dominant INP type. These site densities were also too great for mineral components alone to be the dominant INP type above -20 °C. Accordingly, it is likely that the dominant INP type was mineral dust mixed with other ice nucleating materials, possibly of biogenic origin. Back-trajectory analysis and meteorological conditions suggested a lack of local INP sources. We therefore hypothesise that the high INP concentration is most likely to be associated with aged aerosol in Arctic haze that has undergone long-range transport from lower latitude regions.
A vital next step in ending domestic and sexual violence
Authors: Flood Michael
Published: May 2024

Community-level strategies are a vital next step in the prevention of domestic, family, and sexual violence. Much prevention activity has addressed risk and protective factors at the individual and relationship levels, but community-level strategies move to more macro levels of society. Community-level strategies have a compelling rationale: they address the social norms, social relations, and social inequalities known to underpin domestic, family, and sexual violence. They move violence prevention closer to the general ideal that initiatives be comprehensive, relevant, and engaging. Community-level approaches ideally engage whole communities, are based on community ownership, and empower community members.
Una pragmática del misterio. Observaciones sobre la animalidad en la arqueología del poder político de Agamben
Authors: Periáñez Llorente Luis
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo analiza la arqueología de la máquina antropológica que Agamben desarrolla en Lo abierto. El hombre y el animal. Se estudia así cómo se genera la división, hacia el interior y hacia el exterior de nuestros cuerpos, entre el humano y el animal, y la consecuente creación de estas dos ficciones operativas que permiten decidir sobre la humanidad misma de quienes nos rodean y sobre la legitimidad de la violencia. Finalmente se mostrará el intento por parte de Agamben de superar esa división a partir de un trabajo al interior de la filosofía heideggeriana que queda, sin embargo, aún preso de la máquina antropológica.
„Wysmaruję wam twarze gnojówką” (Ml 2,3b). Mowa Boga do kapłanów (Ml 2,1–9) jako manifest reformy Nehemiasza. Kryzys kapłaństwa i degradacja lewitów w pierwszej połowie V wieku przed Chr.
Authors: Zawadzki Arnold
Published: May 2024

Artykuł ma na celu wykazanie, że Ml 2,1-9 jest manifestem reformy, która doprowadziła do degradacji lewitów w czasach Nehemiasza (połowa V w. przed Chr.), wynosząc do rangi głównego kapłaństwa nową linię kapłanów, którymi mogli być sadokici lub aaronici (teksty ST nie są tu jednoznaczne). Z jednej strony podważa się teorię Juliusa Wellhausena, według której degradacja lewitów była pokłosiem reformy Jozjasza, z drugiej zaś interpretuje się inne teksty (2Krl 23,9-10; P i Ez 44,10-16) jako powygnaniową próbę archaizującej projekcji degradacji lewitów na okres sprzed wygnania. Analiza egzegetyczna wykazuje ponadto, że Ml 2,1-9 (wraz z niektórymi tekstami deuteronomistycznymi) jest najmłodszym i ostatnim historycznym świadectwem o kapłaństwie lewitów sprzed ich degradacji. Nowe tłumaczenie i interpretacja ubogaca dotychczasowe rozumienie perykopy. Nie wyklucza się też, że pod postacią Malachiasza kryje się bliski współpracownik Nehemiasza lub sam Nehemiasz.
Wprowadzenie
Authors: Stępniak Krzysztof
Published: May 2024

Brak
Time to Operation and Mortality Risk in Elderly Patients with Intestinal Fistula: Not Too Early and Not Too Late
Authors:   1School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, Hirani Rahim , Smiley Abbas ,   School of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, Latifi Rifat ,   Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
Published: May 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to ascertain the risk factors contributing to in-patient mortality in elderly patients 65 years and older who were admitted emergently, diagnosed with intestinal fistula, and underwent surgery. Materials and Methods: Data were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) spanning the years 2005–2014. Multivariable logistic regression and a generalized additive model (GAM) were employed to investigate predictors of mortality. Continuous variables are presented as mean values with standard deviations (SD). Results: The study encompassed 34,853 patients with a mean age of 77.7 years—56.5% were female and 79.4% were White. Patients were categorized into three groups based on the time elapsed between admission and surgery: less than two days (17,761), two to three days (8,407), and more than three days (4,233). Mortality rates were 2.7%, 6%, and 6.1% for patients who underwent surgery within two to three days, within two days, and after more than three days of admission, respectively. Notably, the group that operated more than three days from admission experienced nearly double the hospital length of stay (12 days, SD: 7.2) compared to the other two groups (6.3, SD: 6 and 6.1, SD: 4.8). Furthermore, the association between mortality and time to operation, as indicated by the GAM model, revealed a significant non-linear relationship after adjusting for age, gender, race, zip code, hospital location, and comorbidities (p<0.001). Conclusion: Elderly patients diagnosed with intestinal fistula should undergo operative treatment as soon as possible, once they are resuscitated. Delaying the operation more than three days after admission substantially increases the risk of mortality.
Custom Triflange Acetabular Implants for Complex Hip Revisions: A Case Series
Authors:   1LifeBridge Health, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, Hameed Daniel , Dubin Jeremy A. ,   1LifeBridge Health, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, Pasqualini Ignacio ,   Department of Orthopedics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, Krebs Viktor ,   Department of Orthopedics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, Piuzzi Nicolas S. ,   Department of Orthopedics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, Mont Michael A. ,   1LifeBridge Health, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland
Published: May 2024

Revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) presents a formidable challenge when addressing extensive acetabular defects, particularly in severe cases classified under Paprosky types 3A and 3B and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons types 3 and 4. Traditional methods often fall short, prompting the potential use of custom triflange acetabular components or patient-specific acetabular implants (PSAIs). These implants are specifically designed to conform to an individual’s anatomy, aiming to enhance defect reconstruction and pelvic stabilization. This case series describes the utilization of advanced 3-dimensional printing and rapid prototyping technologies to construct customized acetabular components, which can be instrumental in enabling precise preoperative planning and surgical execution for these difficult acetabular cases and potentially leading to improved surgical outcomes.
Novel Skin Prep Technique Reduces OR Preparation Times in a Randomized Trial for Podiatric and Orthopedic Procedures
Authors:   Louisiana Foot and Ankle Specialists, Lake Charles, LA, USA, Przybylski Mallory M. , Hall Daniel T. ,   Louisiana Foot and Ankle Specialists, Lake Charles, LA, USA, Ikuma Laura H. ,   Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Published: May 2024

The primary objectives of any high-volume surgery department should be patient safety, block time utilization and operating room efficiency. Reducing preparation time in the OR prior to actual surgery can improve operating room efficiency and utilization, but only if patient safety can be maintained. With this goal, this study evaluated a novel skin preparation technique using a device named ULTRAPREP™, a sterile, medical-grade plastic bag that is applied to the upper or lower extremity in the pre-operative holding area which allows for skin disinfection outside the OR (referred to as “disinfection bag”). The study compared preparation times required in the OR and antiseptic efficiency (through Colony Forming Units (CFU) counts) for traditional methods versus using the disinfection bag on a total of 115 patients undergoing podiatric or orthopedic surgeries (upper and lower extremities) in one hospital. The disinfection bag reduced skin preparation time in the OR from 16.8±3.5min to 10.9±2.7min, which was a 35.2% reduction, and was statistically significant (p<0.01). Skin antisepsis met safety standards of <15 CFUs for all cases regardless of preparation type at 48h and 72h. There was no statistical difference in CFU levels between the traditional and disinfection bag methods at 48h or 72h (p>0.11). Therefore, ULTRAPREP™ has shown the ability to decrease operating room time while keeping surgical site infection rates to a minimum. Minimizing activities in the OR optimizes use of this costly resource and brings overall savings to the surgery department.
The Analysis of the Relationship between Breast Cancer Knowledge Levels in the General Public with Early Detections of the Disease: A Case Study of Women in Depok City
Authors: Farida Eli , Liziawati Mary , Puspitasari Mira Miranti
Published: May 2024

This research analyzed the effect of breast cancer knowledge level on self-awareness, social support, public services, early detection of the disease in Depok City. This research was conducted in October-December 2023. The method used to carry out the research was quantitative method. In this research, the author performed an exploratory factor analysis test to find out the validity level of each research indicator. To test the reliability, we apply Cronbach's Alpha value. We also used the Structural Equation Modeling analysis test with the use of the AMOS application. The sample in this research consisted of 435 respondents. The results of the validity and reliability tests show that all research indicators meet the specified standards. From the results of the study, it is known that the level of breast cancer knowledge has a positive effect on self-awareness, social support, and public services as well as a positive influence on early detection of the disease in Depok City.

Keywords: Cancer Knowledge, Self-Awareness, Social Support, Public Services, Early Detection.
Pregled razvoja zdravstvenog odgoja
Authors: Lovrek Seničić Monika , Pranjić Višnja , Antičević Tatjana
Published: May 2024

U radu je prikazan povijesni pregled razvoja zdravstvenog odgoja u svijetu i u Hrvatskoj te se iznose definicije zdravstvenog odgoja i pojmova vezanih uz zdravstveni odgoj, kao što su znanstvena pismenost, ponašanje, stavovi i slično. Poseban je naglasak stavljen na razvoj nastavnog predmeta koji obuhvaća zdravstveni odgoj u obrazovanju medicinskih sestara / medicinskih tehničara. Cilj rada je prikazati kompleksnost zdravstvenog odgoja koji u svojoj strukturi koristi nekoliko znanstvenih teorija i modela, od teorija ponašanja i učenja do teorija motivacije i modela ekologije. Naglašena je važnost komunikacijskih vještina kao jednog od glavnih alata za provođenje i postizanje ciljeva zdravstvenog odgoja. Na kraju članka nalazi se pogled na provođenje zdravstvenog odgoja u budućnosti.
An Approach to Assess the Impact of High Biaxial Photovoltaic Trackers on Crop Growth and Yield
Authors: Inghels Clémentine , Noirot-Cosson Paul-Emile , Leroy Valentine , Kichey Thomas , Guiller Annie
Published: May 2024

The growing need for producing renewable energy such as photovoltaic electricity, and the mitigation of the increasing occurrences of heatwaves and drought affecting annual crops, could be addressed by the installation of agrivoltaic systems. Depending on pedoclimatic context, cultivated crop, solar panels technology and implementation configuration, solar panels shading can improve or reduce crop growth and yields. Among photovoltaic installations, solar trackers might have a high development potential. These photovoltaic panels are mounted on a vertical axis at a 7m height. Thanks to their height, their biaxial moving capacity, their small anchoring surface and their punctual structure making plants design easily adaptable to agricultural constraints, they can fit with all types of agricultural systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of such trackers on crop growth and yields. For this purpose, a set of 6 different fields crop located in western France were studied. Crop phenology, height and yield were investigated. Results showed a delay in crop development near the trackers that was overcome late in the crop cycle, near harvest. For crop height and crop yield, the results showed important spatial variability but without clear trend related to the tracker shadow. The results are discussed in the light of new perspectives, including the consideration of microclimatic and pedological data to better explore the effects of trackers on plant growth and development, the measurement of morphological and physiological traits of plants, the accounting of a multi-trackers effect implemented on the same site, the temporal dynamics of the effect of a tracker.
Key Advantages of Agrivoltaic Systems in Germany – A Comparison of the Electricity Yield of Different Systems
Authors: Böhm Jonas
Published: May 2024

In addition to food production, energy can also be produced on agricultural land. This can lead to land use conflicts and often results in political discussions. As the energy transition progresses, the area required for renewable energies is increasing, leading to more land use conflicts. Agrivoltaics (APV) allows for continued farming alongside solar power production, providing a solution to this conflict. In this analysis, the land energy yields of different APV concepts were compared with those of other renewable energies. The results show that wind and PV can produce the most energy on land, regardless of whether the sectors are electricity, heat or transport. When considering different APV concepts on cropland, it is important to consider which area is being evaluated. A distinction can be made between the PV-system area (the visually influenced area in the landscape) and the loss of farmland. Depending on the perspective, the concepts have different advantages. The APV vertical concept enables 3 times more electricity production per loss of farmland compared to a conventional ground-mounted PV system. However, in relation to the PV-system area, the electricity yield is only 1/3 of this. The APV horizontal concept has the highest electricity yields per area of loss of farmland. The APV 3D tracing system has the highest electricity yield of all APV concepts per PV-system area. Initial economic analyses show that higher energy yields per loss of farmland are accompanied by higher costs for APV systems. These results can be used for political advice.
The fluid mechanics of buildings
Authors: Burridge Henry
Published: May 2024

We often take our buildings to be just the static structures, yet every day each of us requires about one million litres of air to flow into and around our buildings. Maintaining good indoor air quality is vital for our health, well-being, and productivity but conditioning that air for our comfort can cost the Earth. Improving our understanding of the fluid mechanics, and delivering successful solutions, is a grand challenge for society in realising the comfortable resilient sustainable buildings that we demand, and that our planet very much needs. In this talk, the traditional approach to modelling building air flows will be discussed in the context of some of our recent efforts following this tradition. Gaps between these efforts and suitable progress in resolving our grand challenge will be highlighted and alternative approaches will be presented; namely, assimilating measured data and probabilistic descriptions of indoor activities to estimate air flows in operational buildings. Ultimately, opportunities for us all to contribute to this challenge will be discussed.
Một số yếu tố liên quan đến thời gian cửa-kim ở bệnh nhân nhồi máu não cấp được điều trị tiêu huyết khối tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Nghệ An
Authors: Dương Hồ Sỹ , Trung Anh Đặng , Hòa Nguyễn Ngọc , Hải Hoàng Bùi
Published: May 2024

Nghiên cứu nhằm mô tả thời gian cửa-kim, là thời gian từ khi bệnh nhân tiếp cận hệ thống y tế đến khi bệnh nhân được dùng thuốc tiêu huyết khối, ở các bệnh nhân đột quỵ nhồi máu não cấp và một số yếu tố liên quan đến khoảng thời gian này. Đây là nghiên cứu mô tả được thực hiện tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Đa khoa Nghệ An trên 219 bệnh nhân nhồi máu não cấp được điều trị tiêu huyết khối. Phân tích số liệu bằng cách chia đối tượng nghiên cứu thành 2 nhóm: nhóm có thời gian cửa-kim dưới 60 phút và nhóm có thời gian cửa-kim từ 60 phút trở lên. Kết quả cho thấy trong khoảng thời gian nghiên cứu, tỉ lệ bệnh nhân có thời gian cửa-kim dưới 60 phút là 69,4%. Một số yếu tố như đến viện muộn hơn, thời gian nhập viện - thăm khám ngắn hơn là các yếu tố liên quan độc lập đến thời gian cửa-kim ngắn dưới 60 phút.
Kết quả điều trị afatinib bước 1, liều khởi trị 30 mg/ngày trên ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ, giai đoạn muộn, có đột biến EGFR
Authors: Thanh Vũ Hà , Tờ Tạ Văn , Hòa Nguyễn Thị Thái , Minh Trương Công , Thắng Bùi Xuân
Published: May 2024

Afatinib là một thuốc ức chế tyrosine kinase được bộ y tế phê duyệt để điều trị ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ (UTPKTBN) giai đoạn muộn. Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu trên bệnh nhân UTPKTBN giai đoạn IIIC/IV (AJCC 8th), mô học là ung thư biểu mô tuyến, có đột biến EGFR, điều trị bằng afatinib khởi trị 30 mg/ngày, tại Bệnh viện K từ 4/2018 đến 10/2023 nhằm mục tiêu đánh giá đáp ứng, sống thêm không bệnh tiến triển và tác dụng không mong muốn. Kết quả đạt được tỷ lệ đáp ứng là 76,9%, kiểm soát bệnh là 94%. Trung vị thời gian sống thêm không bệnh tiến triển đạt 11,9 tháng. Tác dụng không mong muốn ở tất cả mức độ lần lượt là: phát ban (29,0%), viêm miệng (11,1%), viêm quanh móng (19,6%), tiêu chảy (39,3%), tăng men gan (7,6%). Tác dụng ngoại ý độ 3 < 2% dân số nghiên cứu và không có độ 4. Điều trị afatinib bước 1, liều khởi trị 30mg/ngày đem lại lợi ích tốt về đáp ứng, trung vị sống thêm không bệnh tiến triển với tác dụng ngoại ý thấp.
Ảnh hưởng của vận chuyển khí nén tới chỉ số huyết tán của bệnh phẩm máu tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội
Authors: Lan Nguyễn Thị Ngọc , Dung Hà Thị Phương , Tuấn Nguyễn Đức
Published: May 2024

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm khảo sát ảnh hưởng của vận chuyển khí nén tới chỉ số huyết tán của bệnh phẩm máu tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội. Nghiên cứu là nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 1663 mẫu bệnh phẩm máu được chống đông bằng Heparin. Kết quả cho thấy, sau quá trình lấy mẫu, tỷ lệ mẫu có chỉ số H ≥ 90, I ≥ 10 và L ≥ 150 lần lượt là 0,1%, 0,1% và 0,7%. Tất cả mẫu được vận chuyển khí nén hay vận chuyển thủ công đều đảm bảo các tiêu chí về nhiệt độ, chính xác, an toàn, không rò rỉ mẫu. Quá trình vận chuyển khí nén có nguy cơ làm tăng tình trạng vỡ hồng cầu so với vận chuyển thủ công. Sau quá trình vận chuyển bằng 2 phương pháp trên, giá trị chỉ số H của mẫu bệnh phẩm máu tăng trung bình là 6,38 ± 3,67 và 0,37 ± 0,18. Ảnh hưởng trên tương đồng ở cả nhóm có kích thước hồng cầu bình thường và nhóm hồng cầu nhỏ. Vận chuyển khí nén làm tăng tỷ lệ mẫu có chỉ số H ≥ 90 từ 0,13 % lên 0,52%.
Comparison of 9th Grade History Textbooks Used in 2013 and 2023 in Terms of Women's History
Authors: Köse Meliha
Published: May 2024

As an extension of women's history and gender equality studies, the level of visibility of women in history textbooks and the reflection of their historical roles in textbooks has become an important area of research. The language, information, and visuals used in history textbooks are considered very important data tools for these studies. In this research, which has a qualitative approach, the 9th grade history textbooks taught in 2013 and 2023 were compared in terms of women's history. The aim of the research is to make a comparison of the 9th grade history textbooks taught in 2013 and 2023 in terms of women's history and to reveal the point reached regarding women's history. In line with this purpose, document analysis was preferred as the method. The 9th grade history textbooks were selected through the purposive sampling method. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. According to the findings of the study, history textbooks reveal a regression in terms of women's history. Most of the female names identified in the history textbooks taught in 2013 are not included in the history textbooks used in 2023. The visuals in the book are not sufficient in terms of women's history. It can be thought that the changing history programs have an impact on this outcome since textbooks are written within the framework of history programs. It can also be argued that not enough sensitivity has been shown to the inclusion of women's history in textbooks.
A Systematic and Literary Review on the Learning Outcome and Competency-Based Test
Authors: Suganya Dr. M. John , Priyangha B. , Grashya L.
Published: May 2024

The study aims to reach a pro on learning outcomes and competency-based tests conducted in schools and the ways for implementing the same in higher education for assessing and evaluating in relation to the competency-based teaching-learning experience. Every individual has a distinct method for acquiring and constructing their knowledge. Facilitators in school and college are responsible for being skilled in various pedagogies to witness the progress of the learner. The State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT) has accentuated processed-based learning and assessment in practice. In 2023, SCERT implemented a new assessment for evaluating competency-based learning in schools and ways to guide the facilitator in designing the framework for teaching. As a follow-up, every month the students are assessed through learning outcome/competency-based tests in government schools. In this study, a convergent design, one of the mixed methods is used, and a structured questionnaire is set to collect the data. The data is collected from government school students who appear for learning outcome/competency tests, classes ranging from sixth to ninth, and also with the teachers who handle these students in all five subjects. The study discusses the development, pattern, and design of learning outcome/competency-based tests in schools, and its comparison with higher education competency-based semester assessments. It shows the new method of learning outcome/competency-based test can benefit the teaching and learning experience in higher education if conducted every month as a diagnostic assessment.
Extraction, Isolation and Characterization of Collagen Peptide from Fish and Recent Biological Activities of the Collagen Peptides
Authors: Mostafijur Rahaman  , Sonjit Das  , Suman Sahu  , Anirban Karmakar  , Biplab Debnath
Published: May 2024

Particularly in the form of collagen peptides, collagen, an important structural protein present in many animal tissues, has drawn much interest for its possible health advantages. In this study, we look at the methods for isolating, characterizing, and extracting collagen peptides from fish sources. Due to its great availability and sustainability, fish collagen is a possible replacement for conventional collagen sources. Fish collagen peptides must be extracted using a number of processes, including demineralization, deproteinization, and acid or enzymatic treatment. These procedures are necessary to produce collagen that is very pure and bioactive. For characterizing isolated collagen peptides, methods including SDS-PAGE, FTIR spectroscopy, and amino acid analysis are frequently used to evaluate their quality and make-up. The subject of contemporary research has been the biological functions of collagen peptides generated from fish. These peptides have demonstrated a range of health-promoting qualities, including as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging activities. They have also shown promise in boosting joint health, skin health, and wound healing. Fish collagen peptides are useful additives in medications, cosmetics, and nutritional supplements due to their bioavailability and bioactivity. Additionally, new research has demonstrated the potential of fish collagen peptides to improve gastrointestinal, bone, and cardiovascular health. These results indicate that fish collagen peptides have several uses in the nutraceutical and functional food industries
Cognitive impairment increases in older people living with HIV: a systematic review of cohort studies
Authors: Mahmud Ibrahim Clós , Lerner Erick da Rosa , Rodriguez Yindriana Laguna , Behar Paulo Renato Petersen , Schneider Rodolfo Herberto
Published: May 2024

The progressive increase in HIV infection among older adults requires constant research and monitoring, given that geriatric syndromes associated with HIV comorbidities have become an important public health problem. We reported this systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and it has a central question: Is the incidence of cognitive impairment higher in older patients living with HIV than in their seronegative peers? The following databases were searched for this review: MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria were studies whose samples were ≥ 50% patients aged ≥ 50 years, with and without HIV, and a main outcome related to the incidence of cognitive impairment. Only cohort studies with follow-up lasting ≥ 24 months were considered. Three reviewers independently screened the documents for eligibility criteria, extracted the data, assessed the risk of bias (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale), and evaluated the quality of evidence. A narrative synthesis was prepared. In total, 10 798 trials were screened, 8884 were excluded, 14 were analyzed, and 5 were included in this review. Only 1 applied cognitive assessment tests; the rest used secondary data from the medical records. Most found that the incidence of cognitive disorders was higher among older people living with HIV, which highlights the need for public policies aimed at primary and secondary prevention strategies. Further research from other countries is still required. PROSPERO register (CRD42022321914).
Research on Abnormal Starting Noise of Efficient Engine Caused by Abnormal Combustion Noise
Authors: Huang Feng , Zeng Xiaochun , Wang Xili , Qiao Xinqi , Wang Yi , Fang Liang , Zhang Yunhua , Liu Dengcheng , Deng Yonghong
Published: May 2024

Article
Research on Abnormal Starting Noise of Efficient Engine Caused by Abnormal Combustion Noise

Feng Huang 1, * , Xiaochun Zeng 1, Xili Wang 1, Xinqi Qiao 2, Yi Wang 1, Liang Fang 3, Yunhua Zhang 3, Dengcheng Liu 4, and Yonghong Deng 4

1  Jiangling Motors Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330001, China
2 Mechanical and Power Engineering College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
3 Automobile College, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
4 Nanchang Automotive Institute of Intelligence & New Energy, Nanchang 330052, China
* Correspondence: fhuang6@jmc.com.cn
Received: 20 February 2024; Revised: 7 April 2024; Accepted: 9 May 2024; Published: 22 May 2024
 
Abstract: An abnormal noise problem was reported in a pickup truck equipped with a 2.0 L efficient engine during start-up. The noise was reproduced by the engine anechoic chamber bench for further analysis. NVH test (conducted through audio playback and signal filtering) showed that the noise had a signal of 1–3 kHz. Analysis through cylinder-by-cylinder oil-cutting method found that the abnormal noise completely disappeared after the fourth cylinder was cut off, indicating that the noise was related to the combustion of the fourth cylinder. The combustion characteristics of each cylinder were then analyzed in the starting condition through the Kibox combustion analyzer. The noise appeared after the first fuel injection of the fourth cylinder, and the maximum pressure rise rate was 42 Bar/°, confirming that the abnormal noise was combustion noise. Further tests on the physical fuel injection signal of each cylinder found that the fourth cylinder only had the main injection signal with no pilot injection signal. Further analysis of the synchronization signal recognition method of the model and the underlying logic of the fuel injection program showed that the synchronization signal was recognized for the first time in the starting process after the calculation moment of the 4th cylinder pre-injection program, resulting in the failure of the pre-injection calculation. Finally, the bottom fuel injection interrupt program was pushed back (60° to the crankshaft angle), ensuring smooth injection of the 4th cylinder pilot injection in the starting working condition, thus solving the abnormal noise without impacting engine performance.
Introducción
Authors: Montaño Maya Catalina , Calderón Riaño Diomar Elena
Published: May 2024

El tema transversal del «Diseño(s), convergencias y pluralidades para un mundo en metamorfosis» se instala en la idea de cómo el mundo del presente ha cambiado de forma, se torna incierto, retador y desafiante para las certezas derivadas de la razón y del conocimiento; es así como esta metamorfosis del mundo requiere ser leída (Beck, 2017), interpretada y creada desde diseños que comprendan la complejidad, reflejen diversidad, cambio y nuevos horizontes de sentido. Se trata de una realidad contemporánea que requiere potenciar convergencias transdisciplinares y experiencias plurales, modos de vida y formas de innovar para un mundo en permanente evolución. A partir de esta premisa, el evento se desarrolló desde los siguientes ejes centrales:
Representaciones simbólicas no binarias en una ciudad diversa (Resultados preliminares)
Authors: Rubiano Espinosa Álvaro , Parra Lina M. , Sánchez Baptiste Ana María
Published: May 2024

El proyecto de investigación en curso, llevado a cabo en la Escuela de Diseño LCI en Bogotá, Colombia, es el testimonio de un progreso notable y una curiosidad intelectual. Se embarca en un fascinante viaje a través del mundo multifacético de los temas de género no binario en Bogotá, una ciudad en constante evolución. A través de un enfoque sistemático, este esfuerzo de investigación se adentra en varios medios que sirven como vehículos de creatividad urbana. El grafiti, los fanzines, los carteles y las pegatinas se convierten en foco de un examen minucioso, cada uno con una narrativa única esperando ser descubierta. Al escudriñar la simbología, los marcos conceptuales, los discursos y los mensajes incorporados en estas diversas formas visuales urbanas, este proyecto revela las profundidades de la expresión y la resistencia que impregnan el paisaje artístico de la ciudad. Este proyecto de investigación en la Escuela de Diseño LCI muestra las contribuciones significativas realizadas por los artistas y sus obras en la reconfiguración del tejido cultural de Bogotá. Allana el camino para una comprensión más profunda del papel que desempeña el arte, al fomentar el diálogo, desafiar convenciones y abrazar identidades diversas en el espacio público.
Colombia 2030 a partir de la Comisión de la Verdad
Authors: Vallejo Bejarano Jaime Andrés , Bernal Sandoval Héctor Adolfo
Published: May 2024

En esta investigación se utiliza el enfoque del diseño transmedia para explorar algunos de los relatos recopilados por la Comisión de la Verdad, en Colombia, en el marco de las actividades de la línea de investigación Cultura Visual: Complejidad, Mediaciones y Experiencias, y el semillero de investigación denominado Diseño, Arte, Fundamentación y Tecnología (en adelante, DAFT). Se abordan relatos del conflicto armado, narrados en el material del informe por sus víctimas, y se busca convertir estas historias en una apuesta prospectiva para el país hacia el año 2030. El estudio destaca la importancia del diseño transmedia en la transformación social, mostrando cómo se pueden construir narrativas interactivas y multimedia que fomenten la empatía, la reflexión y la conciencia ciudadana. Los resultados obtenidos muestran el potencial de esta metodología para generar cambios significativos en la sociedad colombiana, promoviendo la no repetición de actos violentos y la construcción de una sociedad más justa y pacífica, con la participación de estudiantes del pregrado en Diseño Gráfico de la Universidad Antonio Nariño.
La investigación-creación potenciada desde la narrativa transmedia para dialogar sobre la extinción del cóndor en Colombia
Authors: Cuenca Botero Andrea Carolina
Published: May 2024

La población del cóndor en Colombia se encuentra en peligro crítico de extinción. Hay urgencia por narrar de maneras interactivas, abiertas y colectivas el estado actual de esta especie; pues sus indicadores señalan la fragilidad de su permanencia en los Andes colombianos. Por esto, se hizo necesario cocrear unas experiencias de apertura a la sensibilidad para la comprensión de los fenómenos culturales, sociales, estéticos y ambientales que han llevado a la situación vulnerable de la especie. Este reto creativo y de investigación conllevó a un grupo interdisciplinar de artistas, diseñadoras, biólogas e ingenieras a potenciar esta reflexión mediante la transmediación de este hecho en el espacio museográfico. Como resultado de esta investigación surgió la obra Quedan 60 que despierta el sentido de urgencia por la conservación de la vida del cóndor que, así como los 60 segundos dan aliento al minuto, los 60 cóndores que perviven en nuestro territorio dan vida al paisaje montañoso que nos atraviesa como territorio, por tanto, su recuperación o pérdida es una cuestión de tiempo.
TECHNOLOGY OF INSTANT TEA DRINKS FROM SEA BUCKTHORN LEAVES
Authors:   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Kotova T.I. , Khanturgaev A.G. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Zalutsky A.V. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Tsytsykov V.A. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Hanturgaeva N.A. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Badmatsyrenov A.V. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of a literary search on tea production from the time of Lu Yu to the present day. The analysis of the results of patent research in the field of extraction of plant raw materials is carried out. The results of studies on the production of soluble tea drinks from sea buckthorn leaves, which are a by-product of processing, are presented. The possibility of using combined methods for obtaining extracts from sea buckthorn leaves of the Selenga ecotype is considered. The optimal technological parameters of the extraction, concentration and drying processes of sea buckthorn raw materials were determined experimentally. The technology and the project of the technological structure for the production of instant tea drinks from sea buckthorn leaves have been developed. The technology was tested in the experimental workshop of the industrial partner LLC "Small Innovative Enterprise "BaikalEkoProdukt" and recommended for implementation at sea buckthorn processing plants.
SPECIAL ASPECTS OF SUSPENSION SEDIMENTATION PROCESS IN A PERIODIC ACTION CENTRIFUGE ROTOR
Authors:   K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Gribkova V.A. , Semenov E.V. ,   K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Slavyanskiy A.А. ,   K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Nikolaeva N.V. ,   K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Avakova А.А. ,   K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management
Published: May 2024

The present paper quantitatively investigates special aspects of the sediment skeleton formation from sucrose crystals and their fragments there of precipitation on the rotor shell of a filtering centrifuge of periodic action (PCPA) as a result of processing of first fillmass into the action field of centrifugal forces. In order to correctly predict the process, it is obvious that it is important not only to understand it correctly, but also requires computational analytical apparatus, taking into account the aspects of massecuite centrifugation process. The study proposes a quantitative analysis technique, based on the physical mechanical and geometric parameters of sucrose crystals precipitation from first fillmass on sieve (perforated) surface of the rotor of a periodic filter centrifuge. Based on the proposed physical and mathematical model of particle motion kinetics numerical analysis is performed of the object of study on calculation of centrifuge performance and the nature of stratification of the solid phase in the formed precipitate as a result of centrifugal processing from crystalline white sugar crystals on the surface of the rotor.
WATERPROOFING POLYMER FILMS MODIFIED IN GLIDING ARC PLASMA
Authors:   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Dyomin K.A. , Khagleev A.N. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Urkhanova L.A. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Khardaev P.K. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Agnaev S.S. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management, Dondukov S.D. ,   East Siberia State University of Technology and Management
Published: May 2024

The article considers the use of polyethylene modified in sliding arc plasma as a waterproofing material. It assesses influence of plasma modification on physical and mechanical properties of polyethylene films by testing for relative elongation and maximum load. The study establishes increase in the size of supramolecular structures in crystalline parts, changing the strength properties of polymer film. It has been experimentally proven that application of 10-second plasma modification by sliding arc using the developed plasma installation results in formation of activated layer on the surface of polyethylene films, which increases the strength characteristics of the material. It has been determined that modifying the polyethylene within 10 seconds increases the strength of the polymer films. Due to increased mechanical strength and changed surface structure, modified polyethylene films are of interest as a base material for creating polymer-roll waterproofing materials.
Youtube Comment Sentimental Analysis
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, St. Albert’s College, Kochi (Kerala), India., Aiswarya A S  , Rajeev Haritha ,   Department of Computer Science, St. Albert’s College, Kochi (Kerala), India.
Published: May 2024

The amount of textual data has grown dramatically over time, opening up new avenues for machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) study. These days, sentiment analysis of comments on YouTube is a really fascinating subject.Although there are a lot of user reviews and comments on many of these films, the low consistency and quality of the material in these comments has prevented much work from being done in terms of identifying trends from them thus far. In this research, we use machine learning techniques and algorithms to perform sentiment analysis on YouTube comments pertaining to popular themes. We show that a clear picture of how real-world events affect public sentiment can be obtained by analyzing the attitudes to identify trends, seasonality, and projections. The findings indicate a strong correlation between the sentiment trends of users and the actual occurrences linked to the corresponding keywords. This study uses a YouTube extractor to perform sentiment analysis on comments on YouTube using citation sentences.To remove the noise from the corpus of comments, various data normalization algorithms were applied to the data. We created a system using six distinct machine learning techniques, including Naïve-Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), and Random Forest (RF), to perform classifying on this data set.