bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Minerals Editorial: Greetings from the Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Dubrovinsky Leonid
Published: November 2023

Dear readers, authors, reviewers, editors, coworkers and staff of Minerals, [...]
Numerical Modelling Application in the Management of Deep Mining Excavation Stresses: An Illustrative Study
Authors: Zvarivadza Tawanda
Published: November 2023

Numerical modelling is an important instrument for rock engineering; it can assist in the design and prediction of failure in rock masses. Dependable results can be obtained from the models if, and only if, the underlying assumptions, strengths, and weaknesses of the model are known. A set of guidelines to implement a numerical modelling program can also be used to obtain high-quality and reliable results. The importance of a well-structured numerical modelling program to attain practically reasonable results cannot be overstated. This paper presents an analysis of the results of modelling a rock engineering problem involving deep mining excavations prone to high-stress challenges. The study used Lamodel and Examine 2D. The results obtained show that the two software programs can be used together to complement each other in attaining a deeper understanding of the influence of high stresses on mining excavations at depth. Lamodel and Examine 2D are both boundary element code-based software and are quick and easy to use. More advanced numerical modelling tools could be used, but these two were found to be suitable for the problem at hand. Many diagrams and results can be obtained from the numerical modelling of any rock engineering challenge; in this paper, only those diagrams and results deemed to be most relevant and appropriate to demonstrate the capabilities, limitations, and validity of the numerical modelling of the problem have been presented.
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Dopamine and Grape Seed Extract: Freeze-Drying with Cryoprotection as a Formulation Strategy to Achieve Nasal Powders
Authors: De Giglio Elvira , Bakowsky Udo , Engelhardt Konrad , Caponio Antonello , La Pietra Matteo , Cometa Stefania , Castellani Stefano , Guerra Lorenzo , Fracchiolla Giuseppe , Poeta Maria Luana , Mallamaci Rosanna , Cardone Rosa Angela , Bellucci Stefano , Trapani Adriana
Published: November 2023

(1) Background: DA-Gelucire® 50/13-based solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) administering the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) and the antioxidant grape-seed-derived proanthocyanidins (grape seed extract, GSE) have been prepared by us in view of a possible application for Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment. To develop powders constituted by such SLNs for nasal administration, herein, two different agents, namely sucrose and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD), were evaluated as cryoprotectants. (2) Methods: SLNs were prepared following the melt homogenization method, and their physicochemical features were investigated by Raman spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). (3) Results: SLN size and zeta potential values changed according to the type of cryoprotectant and the morphological features investigated by SEM showed that the SLN samples after lyophilization appear as folded sheets with rough surfaces. On the other hand, the AFM visualization of the SLNs showed that their morphology consists of round-shaped particles before and after freeze-drying. XPS showed that when sucrose or Me-β-CD were not detected on the surface (because they were not allocated on the surface or completely absent in the formulation), then a DA surfacing was observed. In vitro release studies in Simulated Nasal Fluid evidenced that DA release, but not the GSE one, occurred from all the cryoprotected formulations. Finally, sucrose increased the physical stability of SLNs better than Me-β-CD, whereas RPMI 2650 cell viability was unaffected by SLN-sucrose and slightly reduced by SLN-Me-β-CD. (4) Conclusions: Sucrose can be considered a promising excipient, eliciting cryoprotection of the investigated SLNs, leading to a powder nasal pharmaceutical dosage form suitable to be handled by PD patients.
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Cannabinoid, Terpene, and Moisture Content of Cannabis Biomass
Authors: Majumdar Chandrani G. , ElSohly Mahmoud A. , Ibrahim Elsayed A. , Elhendawy Mostafa A. , Stanford Donald , Chandra Suman , Wanas Amira S. , Radwan Mohamed M.
Published: November 2023

In recent years, cannabis has been proposed and promoted not only as a medicine for the treatment of a variety of illnesses, but also as an industrial crop for different purposes. Being an agricultural product, cannabis inflorescences may be contaminated by environmental pathogens at high concentrations, which might cause health problems if not controlled. Therefore, limits have to be placed on the levels of aerobic bacteria as well as yeast and mold. To ensure the safety of cannabis plant material and related products, a remediation process has to be put in place. Gamma irradiation is a sterilization process mainly used for pharmaceuticals, foods, cosmetics, agricultural, and herbal products including cannabis plant material. This study was designed to determine the effect of irradiation on the microbial count as well as on the chemical and physical profiles of the cannabis biomass, particularly cannabinoids, terpenes, and moisture content. The full cannabinoid profile was measured by GC/FID and HPLC analysis, while terpene profile and moisture content were determined using GC/MS and Loss on Drying (LoD) methods, respectively. Analyses were conducted on the samples before and after gamma irradiation. The results showed that the minimum and maximum doses were 15 and 20.8 KiloGray (KGY), respectively. Total Aerobic Microbial Count (TAMC) and Total Yeast and Mold Count (TYMC) were determined. The study showed that irradiation has no effect on the cannabinoids and little effect on terpenes and moisture content, but it did result in the virtual sterilization of the plant material, as evidenced by the low levels of bacterial and fungal colony-forming units (CFUs) < 10 after gamma irradiation.
What Is the Psychological Role of the Virtual Self in Online Worlds? A Scoping Review
Authors: Gabarnet Adrià , Feixas Guillem , Montesano Adrián
Published: November 2023

Several studies have researched how people can use the anonymity of the Internet to explore different aspects of their identity. There are many different platforms where one can create a “virtual self” by actively choosing how one presents themselves to others, and each one is designed with different characteristics depending on their purpose: from socialization to professional networking or even entertainment. Different studies have usually focused on specific platforms, but there is no one comparing how people construe their virtual self across different online environments. In this review, we aimed to synthesize research studies carried out about the construal of one’s identity within online platforms and how it can relate to different aspects of participants’ offline identity, such as their self-esteem or self-concept clarity. Data were gathered from 34 publications that researched this topic across different kinds of online platforms. We conducted a quality assessment and a narrative synthesis, reporting and comparing the main findings, as well as identifying possible gaps in the literature. Many studies have explored the idea of people creating either an idealized or accurate version of themselves when construing their online identities. Others have also contemplated the possibility of exploring identities that diverge from both the actual and the ideal self or even an actively negative one. The latter was studied more in the context of video games and other avatar-mediated worlds. We found that people with low self-esteem create a more idealized virtual identity rather than a virtual self that is similar to their offline self. Other variables such as the purpose for using the online platform or self-concept clarity also had a role in virtual self construal, although the latter was only studied in the context of social media.
On the Measurements of the Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectrum: Effective Enhancement Factor, Optical Configuration, Spectral Distortion, and Baseline Variation
Authors: Zhao Yiping
Published: November 2023

In this paper, a comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurements in both solution and thin-film setups, focusing on electromagnetic enhancement principles, was presented. Two prevalent types of SERS substrates found in the literature were investigated: plasmonic colloidal particles, including spherical and spheroid nanoparticles, nanoparticle diameters, and thin-film-based SERS substrates, like ultra-thin substrates, bundled nanorods, plasmonic thin films, and porous thin films. The investigation explored the impact of analyte adsorption, orientation, and the polarization of the excitation laser on effective SERS enhancement factors. Notably, it considered the impact of analyte size on the SERS spectrum by examining scenarios where the analyte was significantly smaller or larger than the hot spot dimensions. The analysis also incorporated optical attenuations arising from the optical properties of the analyte and the SERS substrates. The findings provide possible explanations for many observations made in SERS measurements, such as variations in relative peak intensities during SERS assessments, reductions in SERS intensity at high analyte concentrations, and the occurrence of significant baseline fluctuations. This study offers valuable guidance for optimizing SERS substrate design, enhancing SERS measurements, and improving the quantification of SERS detection.
Tolerability and Acceptability of an Exogenous Ketone Monoester and Ketone Monoester/Salt Formulation in Humans
Authors: Bolyard Mickey L. , Graziano Christina M. , Fontaine Kevin R. , Sayer R. Drew , Fisher Gordon , Plaisance Eric P.
Published: November 2023

Exogenous ketone ester and ketone ester mixed with ketone free acid formulations are rapidly entering the commercial marketspace. Short-term animal and human studies using these products suggest significant potential for primary or secondary prevention of a number of chronic disease conditions. However, a number of questions need to be addressed by the field for optimal use in humans, including variable responses among available exogenous ketones at different dosages; frequency of dosing; and their tolerability, acceptability, and efficacy in long-term clinical trials. The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the tolerability, acceptability, and circulating R-beta-hydroxybutyrate (R-βHB) and glucose responses to a ketone monoester (KME) and ketone monoester/salt (KMES) combination at 5 g and 10 g total R-βHB compared with placebo control (PC). Fourteen healthy young adults (age: 21 ± 2 years, weight: 69.7 ± 14.2 kg, percent fat: 28.1 ± 9.3%) completed each of the five study conditions: placebo control (PC), 5 g KME (KME5), 10 g KME (KME10), 5 g (KMES5), and 10 g KMES (KMES10) in a randomized crossover fashion. Circulating concentrations of R-βHB were measured at baseline (time 0) following an 8–12 h overnight fast and again at 15, 30, 60, and 120 min following drink ingestion. Participants also reported acceptability and tolerability during each condition. Concentrations of R-βHB rose to 2.4 ± 0.1 mM for KME10 after 15 min, whereas KMES10 similarly peaked (2.1 ± 0.1 mM) but at 30 min. KME5 and KMES5 achieved similar peak R-βHB concentrations (1.2 ± 0.7 vs. 1.1 ± 0.5 mM) at 15 min. Circulating R-βHB concentrations were similar to baseline for each condition by 120 min. Negative correlations were observed between R-βHB and glucose at the 30 min time point for each condition except KME10 and PC. Tolerability was similar among KME and KMES, although decreases in appetite were more frequently reported for KMES. Acceptability was slightly higher for KMES due to the more frequently reported aftertaste for KME. The results of this pilot investigation illustrate that the KME and KMES products used increase circulating R-βHB concentrations to a similar extent and time course in a dose-dependent fashion with slight differences in tolerability and acceptability. Future studies are needed to examine variable doses, frequency, and timing of exogenous ketone administration for individuals seeking to consume ketone products for health- or sport performance-related purposes.
The Modulatory Bioeffects of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Polyphenols on Metabolic Disorders: Understanding Their Preventive Role against Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Alami Mehdi , Boumezough Kaoutar , Khalil Abdelouahed , Ramchoun Mhamed , Boulbaroud Samira , Fulop Tamas , Morvaridzadeh Mojgan , Berrougui Hicham
Published: November 2023

Modern research achievements support the health-promoting effects of natural products and diets rich in polyphenols. Pomegranate (PG) (Punica granatum L.) contains a considerable number of bioactive compounds that exert a broad spectrum of beneficial biological activities, including antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiobesity, and atheroprotective properties. In this context, the reviewed literature shows that PG intake might reduce insulin resistance, cytokine levels, redox gene expression, blood pressure elevation, vascular injuries, and lipoprotein oxidative modifications. The lipid parameter corrective capabilities of PG-ellagitannins have also been extensively reported to be significantly effective in reducing hyperlipidemia (TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and TAGs), while increasing plasma HDL-C concentrations and improving the TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios. The health benefits of pomegranate consumption seem to be acheived through the amelioration of adipose tissue endocrine function, fatty acid utilization, GLUT receptor expression, paraoxonase activity enhancement, and the modulation of PPAR and NF-κB. While the results from animal experiments are promising, human findings published in this field are inconsistent and are still limited in several aspects. The present review aims to discuss and provide a critical analysis of PG’s bioeffects on the components of metabolic syndrome, type-2 diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia, as well as on certain cardiovascular-related diseases. Additionally, a brief overview of the pharmacokinetic properties, safety, and bioavailability of PG-ellagitannins is included.
Influence Mechanism of Drug–Polymer Compatibility on Humidity Stability of Crystalline Solid Dispersion
Authors: Hu Chunhui , Yan Qiuli , Zhang Yong , Yan Haiying
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the influence of humidity on the dissolution behavior and microstructure of drugs in crystalline solid dispersions (CSDs). Using Bifonazole (BFZ) as a model drug, CSDs were prepared through spray drying with carriers such as Poloxamer 188 (P188), Poloxamer 407 (P407), and polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG8000). The solubilization effect and mechanism were initially evaluated, followed by an examination of the impact of humidity (RH10%) on the dissolution behavior of CSDs. Furthermore, the influence of humidity on the microstructure of CSDs was investigated, and factors affecting the humidity stability of CSDs were summarized. Significant enhancements in the intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) of BFZ in CSDs were observed due to changes in crystalline size and crystallinity, with the CSD-P188 system exhibiting the best performance. Following humidity treatment, the CSD-P407 system demonstrated the least change in the IDR of BFZ, indicating superior stability. The CSD-P407 system was followed by the CSD-P188 system, with the CSD-PEG8000 system exhibiting the least stability. Further analysis of the microstructure revealed that while humidity had negligible effects on the crystalline size and crystallinity of BFZ in CSDs, it had a significant impact on the distribution of BFZ on the CSD surface. This can be attributed to the water’s potent plasticizing effect, which significantly alters the molecular mobility of BFZ. Additionally, the compatibility of the three polymers with BFZ differs, with CSD-P407 > CSD-P188 > CSD-PEG8000. Under the continuous influence of water, stronger compatibility leads to lower molecular mobility and more uniform drug distribution on the CSD surface. Enhancing the compatibility of drugs with polymers can effectively reduce the mobility of BFZ in CSDs, thereby mitigating changes caused by water and ultimately stabilizing the surface composition and dissolution behavior of drugs in CSDs.
RETRACTED: Alhakamy et al. Attenuation of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Optimized Tadalafil Loaded Pumpkin Seed Oil-Based Self Nanoemulsion: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2019, 11, 640
Authors: Alhakamy Nabil A. , Fahmy Usama A. , Ahmed Osama A. A.
Published: November 2023

The journal retracts the article, “Attenuation of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Optimized Tadalafil Loaded Pumpkin Seed Oil-Based Self Nanoemulsion: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation” [...]
Cell Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Shastry Surabhi , Hu Junkai , Ying Mingyao , Mao Xiaobo
Published: November 2023

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta with a reduction in dopamine concentration in the striatum. It is a substantial loss of dopaminergic neurons that is responsible for the classic triad of PD symptoms, i.e., resting tremor, muscular rigidity, and bradykinesia. Several current therapies for PD may only offer symptomatic relief and do not address the underlying neurodegeneration of PD. The recent developments in cellular reprogramming have enabled the development of previously unachievable cell therapies and patient-specific modeling of PD through Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs). iPSCs possess the inherent capacity for pluripotency, allowing for their directed differentiation into diverse cell lineages, such as dopaminergic neurons, thus offering a promising avenue for addressing the issue of neurodegeneration within the context of PD. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of dopamine on PD patients, illustrates the versatility of iPSCs and their regenerative abilities, and examines the benefits of using iPSC treatment for PD as opposed to current therapeutic measures. In means of providing a treatment approach that reinforces the long-term survival of the transplanted neurons, the review covers three supplementary avenues to reinforce the potential of iPSCs.
Airborne LiDAR Strip Adjustment Method Based on Point Clouds with Planar Neighborhoods
Authors: Sun Zhenxing , Zhong Ruofei , Wu Qiong , Guo Jiao
Published: November 2023

Airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data are increasingly used in various fields such as topographic mapping, urban planning, and emergency management. A necessary processing step in the application of airborne LiDAR data is the elimination of mismatch errors. This paper proposes a new method for airborne LiDAR strip adjustment based on point clouds with planar neighborhoods; this method is intended to eliminate errors in airborne LiDAR point clouds. Initially, standard pre-processing tasks such as denoising, ground separation, and resampling are performed on the airborne LiDAR point clouds. Subsequently, this paper introduces a unique approach to extract point clouds with planar neighborhoods which is designed to enhance the registration accuracy of the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm within the context of airborne LiDAR point clouds. Following the registration of the point clouds using the ICP algorithm, tie points are extracted via a point-to-plane projection method. Finally, a strip adjustment calculation is executed using the extracted tie points, in accordance with the strip adjustment equation for airborne LiDAR point clouds that was derived in this study. Three sets of airborne LiDAR point cloud data were utilized in the experiment outlined in this paper. The results indicate that the proposed strip adjustment method can effectively eliminate mismatch errors in airborne LiDAR point clouds, achieving a registration accuracy and absolute accuracy of 0.05 m. Furthermore, this method’s processing efficiency was more than five times higher than that of traditional methods such as ICP and LS3D.
Electromobility of the Courier Market
Authors: Głodowska Katarzyna
Published: November 2023

The article delves into the examination of the potential implementation of electromobility within the courier market while also introducing renewable energy sources as a complementary element to support this transition. Given the increasing trend of electrifying courier company fleets, the research was carried out using data provided by the company. This study aimed to select a suitable electric vehicle and adapt routes to ensure that all orders could be effectively handled using electric cars. A multi-criteria method was applied to select the electric vehicle, and a simulation program utilized by the studied company was employed to optimize existing courier routes, which is presented in a procedural format. The research results demonstrate the viability of incorporating electric vehicles into the courier market, albeit requiring modifications to current routes. The article concludes with a summary and proposes further research avenues.
Study on the Variation in Coastal Groundwater Levels under High-Intensity Brine Extraction Conditions
Authors: Su Qiao , Yu Ying , Yang Lin , Chen Bo , Fu Tengfei , Liu Wenquan , Chen Guangquan , Lyu Wenzhe
Published: November 2023

The excessive exploitation of groundwater is becoming a serious global issue. Different from other regions, groundwater extraction in coastal areas usually stops and moves inland after causing seawater intrusion. The abundant salt fields in the Laizhou Bay area of China provide a unique case of maintaining high-intensity underground brine mining even after seawater intrusion. The intensive exploitation of underground brine has led to significant changes in the groundwater flow field. However, there is still a lack of research on how different factors affect the groundwater level in this mining situation. In this paper, time series analysis methods were used to investigate the impact of brine water extraction, tidal fluctuations, and precipitation on the groundwater level in the Laizhou Bay area. The results indicate that brine extraction is the main factor controlling the changes in groundwater level, with the cessation and resumption of extraction resulting in a 93.4 cm increase and a 122.5 cm decrease, respectively. Different rainfall patterns can also lead to an increase in groundwater levels, especially when a heavy rainfall event can cause a 61.2 cm increase. Tidal fluctuations can cause periodic fluctuations in the groundwater level, with a variation amplitude of approximately 11% of the tide itself.
Higher-Order Corrections to the Effective Field Theory of Low-Energy Axions
Authors: Cordero-Patino Bryan , Duenas-Vidal Álvaro , Segovia Jorge
Published: November 2023

Dark matter (DM) can be composed of a collection of axions, or axion-like particles (ALPs), whose existence is due to the spontaneous breaking of the Peccei–Quinn U(1) symmetry, which is the most compelling solution of the strong CP-problem of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Axions must be spin-0 particles with very small masses and extremely weak interactions with themselves as well as with the particles that constitute the Standard Model. In general, the physics of axions is detailed by a quantum field theory of a real scalar field, ϕ. Nevertheless, it is more convenient to implement a nonrelativistic effective field theory with a complex scalar field, ψ, to characterize the mentioned axions in the low-energy regime. A possible application of this equivalent description is for studying the collapse of cold dark matter into more complex structures. There have been a few derivations of effective Lagrangians for the complex field ψ, which were all equivalent after a nonlocal space transformation between ϕ and ψ was found, and some other corrections were introduced. Our contribution herein is to further provide higher-order corrections; in particular, we compute the effective field theory Lagrangian up to order (ψ*ψ)5, also incorporating the fast-oscillating field fluctuations into the dominant slowly varying nonrelativistic field.
An Inducible ESCRT-III Inhibition Tool to Control HIV-1 Budding
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Gallet Benoit , Moriscot Christine , Pezet Mylène , Chatellard Christine , Kleman Jean-Philippe , Göttlinger Heinrich , Weissenhorn Winfried , Boscheron Cécile
Published: November 2023

HIV-1 budding as well as many other cellular processes require the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) machinery. Understanding the architecture of the native ESCRT-III complex at HIV-1 budding sites is limited due to spatial resolution and transient ESCRT-III recruitment. Here, we developed a drug-inducible transient HIV-1 budding inhibitory tool to enhance the ESCRT-III lifetime at budding sites. We generated autocleavable CHMP2A, CHMP3, and CHMP4B fusion proteins with the hepatitis C virus NS3 protease. We characterized the CHMP-NS3 fusion proteins in the absence and presence of protease inhibitor Glecaprevir with regard to expression, stability, localization, and HIV-1 Gag VLP budding. Immunoblotting experiments revealed rapid and stable accumulation of CHMP-NS3 fusion proteins. Notably, upon drug administration, CHMP2A-NS3 and CHMP4B-NS3 fusion proteins substantially decrease VLP release while CHMP3-NS3 exerted no effect but synergized with CHMP2A-NS3. Localization studies demonstrated the relocalization of CHMP-NS3 fusion proteins to the plasma membrane, endosomes, and Gag VLP budding sites. Through the combined use of transmission electron microscopy and video-microscopy, we unveiled drug-dependent accumulation of CHMP2A-NS3 and CHMP4B-NS3, causing a delay in HIV-1 Gag-VLP release. Our findings provide novel insight into the functional consequences of inhibiting ESCRT-III during HIV-1 budding and establish new tools to decipher the role of ESCRT-III at HIV-1 budding sites and other ESCRT-catalyzed cellular processes.
Age, Growth and Reproduction of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis of the Turks River
Authors: Wang Chengxin , Yao Na , Xia Liwei , Wang Xinyue , Song Yong , Serekbol Gulden , Zi Fangze , Lin Xuyuan , Yan Jin , Chen Shengao
Published: November 2023

The age, growth, and reproduction of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis (Herzenstein, 1889), a second-level key protected aquatic species in Xinjiang, were studied using fish ecology methods, and the biological characteristics of its population are discussed. A total of 735 specimens were collected on a seasonal basis from 2021 to 2022 using cages and nets in the Turks River. The fish length ranged from 47.30 mm to 538.60 mm, and the minimum age and maximum age were 1 years old and 23 years old, respectively. The fitting correlations revealed that S. pseudaksaiensis is a uniformly growing fish. The ages at the inflection point for S. pseudaksaiensis were 22.28 (female) and 19.55 (male). The sex ratio was 0.89 (females):1 (males), and the spawning period occurred from April to July. The absolute fecundity was 55,652.01 ± 25,468.78 eggs per individual, and the relative fecundity was 25.92 ± 10.69 eggs per gram. This study provides life history trait data for S. pseudaksaiensis and has theoretical and practical importance for maintaining population dynamics and fishery ecological balance. Additionally, a basis for the protection of fishery germplasm plateau resources is provided.
Studi Perbandingan Kekuatan Profil IWF, Hexagonal Beam dan Octagonal Beam dengan Perhitungan Manual dan Metode Elemen Hingga
Authors: Zarmihan Rezaldi Pramanda , Pratiwi Vitta , Krisnadi Sutedjo
Published: November 2023

A castellated beam is formed from the IWF body profile cutting pattern, and the cuts are then adjusted between the pieces and then welded to put them back together. The advantage of modifying the IWF profile into a castellated beam is that it can increase the moment of inertia of the section (Ix), and this increase affects the bending capacity of the castellated beam profile and the ability of the profile to withstand loads. However, these profile modifications have limitations that are used to minimize the occurrence of extreme failures, and one of the limitations is that the modified profile may not exceed 50% of the height increase from the initial profile height. In this study, the profile capabilities of IWF, Hexagonal Beam, and Octagonal Beam will be compared with a total of 3 models of centralized loads that can be carried. In this study, two methods will be used, namely manual calculation and finite element method. From the results of the analysis that has been carried out with both methods, it can be seen that the effect of modifying the IWF profile into hexagonal beams and octagonal beams can increase the load capacity of the profiles. However, the highest profile capability increase occurred in model 1 or IWF profile 150x75x5x7, which was modified to model 2 or hexagonal beam 220x75x5x7. The increase in the profile was 34.83% for manual method calculations and finite element method calculations, an increase of 12.15 %. The highest comparison between the manual calculation method and the finite element method occurs in the hexagonal profile beam measuring 240x75x5x7 with a difference of 21.39%. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded from the three profiles that it is better if the profile used is model 2.
EVALUATION OF ANTI-TOXOPLASMA ANTIBODY DETECTION BY MODIFIED AGGLUTINATION TEST IN TISSUE OF EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED MICE
Authors: Batista de Araújo Jacqueline , Estevan Soares Roger , Da Silva Aristeu Vieira
Published: November 2023

Toxoplasma gondii infection affects homoeothermic animals around the world, and many infections, in animals and man, can result in abortion, congenital disorders, ocular or neuromuscular disease, with serious impact in animal and public health. A variety of antibody detection methods have been proposed since initial description of Sabin-Feldman dye test, usually using blood sera as sample for detection. Tissues and fetal liquids can be used for antibody detection too, but few research compare the performance of this detection in pairwise sera, and the evaluation of autolysis effect was not been verified. This work shows the results of sensibility, specificity, and the efficiency of direct agglutination method for anti-T. gondii antibody detection in fresh or autolysed samples of liver, spleen, and muscle, obtained of chronically infected mice.
Uso do Podcast na extensão universitária como recurso educacional para a Saúde Única
Authors: França Danilo Alves de , Polido Lucas Roberto Ferreira , Sá Karolyne Vale de , Langoni Helio
Published: November 2023

Este relato de experiência tem como objetivo descrever o processo de criação do Podcast Saúde Única, um podcast voltado para estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação da área da saúde, assim como a aplicação do novo recurso educacional com o público. Foram elaborados onze episódios contendo entrevistas com profissionais de diferentes áreas da saúde. O número efetivo de ouvintes monitorados no momento da escrita deste artigo é de 104. Os alunos aprovaram o novo recurso como complementar ao atual modelo de ensino. Este foi o primeiro podcast criado no Brasil que aborda a temática de One Health.
Health Preserving Practices of Russians with Post-COVID-19 Syndrome
Authors: Barg Anastasiya O.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Post-COVID-19 syndrome, its symptoms, duration and treatment are the subject of discussion not only within the professional medical community, but also among various groups of the population. Health-related narratives of Internet users about post-COVID-19 syndrome help understand what behavioral strategies can be implemented in people facing this condition and increase the effectiveness of health-preserving measures.
Objective: To characterize health preserving practices of the Russians suffering from post-COVID syndrome based on the analysis of digital narratives about the disease, rehabilitation methods and therapies.
Materials and methods: This qualitative research explored health practices in narratives of a sample of 23 Russian Internet users that struggled with post-COVID-19 syndrome.
Results: Narratives about post-COVID-19 syndrome include documenting a) symptoms of the disease, b) ways of searching for and maintaining information about treatment methods, c) details of communication with representatives of the medical community and the social environment (including medical gaslighting), and d) health care practices (in
terms of therapy and rehabilitation) and their efficiency. The narrator’s initial focus on formal/traditional medicine or selftreatment largely determined the behavioral strategy in the context of post-COVID conditions. Three types of strategies have been identified: 1) a strategy of maximum institutionalized health care, which involves responsible behavior (visiting a doctor for the first symptoms, complying with recommendations), 2) a strategy of independent health care based on the importance of one’s own opinion (following “habitual algorithms”), and 3) a strategy of independent health care focused
on the opinion of the social environment (Internet search for information about post-COVID-19 conditions, discussions with friends and acquaintances). For all types of strategies, health care practices included taking medications, maintaining
a healthy lifestyle, and striving for psycho-emotional balance.
Conclusion: The study of narratives about post-COVID-19 syndrome made it possible to describe human behavior in the face of a new health challenge, systematize basic health preserving practices, raise questions related to the functioning of the health care system, and establish certain manifestations of social attitudes towards health.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Early Initiation of Alcohol Consumption and
Smoking in School-Aged Adolescents
Authors: Kutuzova Zhanna К. , Lipanova Liudmila L. , Nasybullina Galiya М. , Protasova Oksana S. , Danilova Mekhriban A.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Despite a constant focus on prevention of health-risk behaviors among adolescents and young people in many countries and regions, teenagers still show interest and engage in smoking and alcohol consumption.
Objective: To study the prevalence and risk factors of early initiation of alcohol consumption and smoking in schoolaged children in order to substantiate and develop appropriate preventive measures to be taken in secondary schools of Yekaterinburg.
Materials and methods: In 2022, we conducted an anonymous questionnaire-based cross-sectional study of 742 secondary school students in grades 8 to 11 (aged 14–18 years) living in Yekaterinburg. We assessed associations between the use of psychoactive substances, behavioral risk factors, such as daily routine, physical activity, attitude to smoking and alcohol consumption, health literacy, disease prevention habits, and psychosocial factors, and health. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-squared test and the Student’s t-test; odd ratios (OR) were calculated with the 95 % confidence interval.
Results: The proportion of cigarette smokers and alcohol consumers among school-aged adolescents amounted to 21.3 % and 43.4 %. Among the risk factors contributing to early initiation of smoking and alcohol consumption, the most significant were bad relationships with adults (parents and teachers), lack of parental support, poor awareness of adverse effects of alcohol consumption and smoking, loyal attitude of parents and schoolchildren to the problem. The use of psychoactive substances correlated statistically with poor well-being of the school-aged youth.
Conclusion: We observed lower prevalence rates of smoking and alcohol consumption in the adolescents compared with the 2000s. This problem, however, still requires preventive interventions. The established risk factors should be taken into account when developing school-based prevention programs.
Markers of Local and Systemic Inflammation in the Diarrhea Syndrome Associated
with the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
Authors: Sabitov Alebai U. , Moskaleva Yulia N. , Khamanova Yulia B. , Sharova Anna A. , Chashchina Anna V. , Shmalts Liubov A.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Fecal calprotectin is known to be a biomarker of inflammatory bowel problems. An increase in its level has been also noted in COVID-19 patients, which is associated with the pathogenic effect of the virus on the intestinal epithelium involving components of nonspecific immunity.
Objective: To evaluate markers of local and systemic inflammation and their relationship in the diarrhea syndrome associated with the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
Materials and methods: We have analyzed medical histories of 90 laboratory-verified SARS-CoV-2 patients aged 35 to 70 years and divided them into three equal groups of 30 cases each by the measured level of fecal calprotectin (Group 1: CPT > 200 μg/g, Group 2: CPT = 50 to 200 μg/g, and Group 3: CPT < 50 μg/g).
Results: In Group 1 patients with CPT > 200 μg/g, we observed a 1.5 times more frequent severe course of the coronavirus disease, pulmonary damage over 50 % (p < 0.05), fever and diarrhea that persisted up to 14.8 ± 0.5 and 8.7 ± 0.4 days, respectively (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: We established a direct relationship between markers of local and systemic inflammation. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 correlated with the severity of intestinal inflammation. A positive correlation was found between fecal calprotectin levels and diarrhea syndrome duration. The landscape of opportunistic intestinal microbiota also correlated with the severity of the inflammatory process in the intestine.
Norovirus Infection in the Sverdlovsk Region, 2009–2022:
Retrospective Epidemiological Analysis and Statistical Modeling Results
Authors: Chalapa Vladislav I. , Kosova Anna A. , Mashin Tikhon I. , An Rosalia N.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Norovirus infection (NVI) is a highly contagious disease that is most common in children and entails significant health care costs.
Objectives: To analyze and describe epidemic spread patterns of norovirus infection in the Sverdlovsk Region in 2009–2022 and to examine its determinants using statistical modeling techniques.
Materials and methods: We have analyzed statistics on the monthly number of NVI cases and newborns, publicly available data on weather factors and population migration in the Sverdlovsk Region. Negative binomial regression was used to assess contribution of natural and social factors to disease incidence. The statistical analysis was carried out in the R environment.
Results: A long-term increasing trend in NVI incidence that stabilized on a relatively high level in 2016–2018 was observed.
The epidemic season usually started in October or November and lasted until April–May. Children under 6 years of age were at highest risk of the infection. Distribution of the disease incidence across the Sverdlovsk Region was uneven; relatively high rates were registered in some municipalities. The results of statistical modeling showed a negative correlation between weather conditions (mean temperature and relative humidity), high COVID-19 rates, and NVI incidence. The amount of precipitation, atmospheric pressure, sunshine duration, and external migration were found to be statistically insignificant predictors. In addition to the above, the level of herd immunity is likely to affect the NVI incidence, although it is hard to estimate the extent of its impact due to the lack of trustworthy data on the duration of immunity to noroviruses.
Conclusion: Norovirus infection is a regional health care challenge, especially among preschool children. Ambient air temperature, relative humidity, and social distancing due to rising COVID-19 incidence rates proved to be negative predictors associated with a decrease in the number of NVI cases in the study area.
The Removal of Potassium Phosphate using Ceramic Nanofiltration
Authors: Hajarat Rasha A , Daher Manar
Published: November 2023

In the current study, the separation and rejection behavior of potassium phosphate salt using NF membrane was studied theoretically and experimentally. The extended Nernst Planck equation was used to describe the NF separation behavior by using silver frost programming language using the version FTN95 model. Besides the modeling; an experimental work was done by preparing K3PO4 solution at concentration of 0.1 and 0.4 M. Where the rejections of K1+ and PO43- ions were obtain at different TMP values ranging between 1 to 5 bars. From theoretical results, it was noticed that the best rejection of K1+ and PO43- ions where at a volumetric fluxes ranging between was 2.5E-06 to 5E-07 m³/m².sec. Experimental results should that the rejection value for of PO43- ions increased as the concentration decreased and TMP increased; which is supported by the theoretical results. In the case of K1+ ion; the higher rejection values as the concentration increased and TMP increased
Compreensão dos/as Estudantes acerca dos Significados e Práticas que Compõem o Lazer
Authors: Lima Aline Dockhorn de , Furlan Cássia Cristina
Published: November 2023

O Lazer é uma dimensão da cultura construída socialmente e engloba vivência de inúmeras manifestações. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar a compreensão de universitários/as regularmente matriculados no curso de Educação Física da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD) sobre o lazer e verificar como os/as mesmos/as usufruem do lazer, com enfoque para a prática de atividades físicas nesses momentos. Trata-se de um estudo quanti-qualitativo, com a aplicação de questionário pela plataforma online Google Forms. Pode-se concluir que os/as estudantes explicitam alguns sentidos e características do lazer advindos da perspectiva de tempo livre, o consideram uma prática totalmente relevante, consideram a atividade física como lazer, e no geral são fisicamente ativos.
Analisis Perkembangan E-Sport Ditinjau dari Revolusi Industri 4.0 di Kota Semarang
Authors: Quartino Dharmawan Cahya , Awang Irawan Fajar
Published: November 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan e-Sport di Kota Semarang ditinjau dari Revolusi Industri 4.0. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah perkembangan e-Sport di Kota Semarang ditinjau dari revolusi industri keempat yang dilihat dari berbagai indikator. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan e-Sport di Kota Semarang tergolong baik, dilihat dari hasil yang didapatkan yaitu 86.75%. Kemudian untuk tingkat peminatan mendapatkan prosentase 82%, faktor pengorganisasian mendapat prosentase 87.25%, faktor pendanaan sebesar 82%, dan pada faktor sarana dan prasarana sebesar 88%.Data peminatan menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat di Kota Semarang memiliki minat yang tinggi pada e-Sport. Data pengorganisasian menunjukkan adanya pengetahuan warga tentang organisasi e-Sport di Kota Semarang. Data pendanaan e-Sport yang ada menunjukkan masyarakat setuju dengan adanya pendanaan di e-Sport. Data sarana dan prasarana e-Sport menunjukkan kesadaran warga akan pentingnya sarana dan prasarana di dunia e-Sport pada era revolusi industri keempat. Peneliti mengharapkan hasil dari penelitian dapat digunakan sebagai evaluasi bagi PDESI Kota Semarang dalam meningkatkan prestasi pada e-Sport di tingkat nasional.
Implementasi Hidden Text dengan Algoritma Blowfish dan Kompresi Huffman dalam Security Dokumen
Authors: Muryanah Siti , Rahmawati Diah
Published: November 2023

Perkembangan teknologi memberikan dampak positif dan negatif bagi penggunanya. Informasi dengan mudah dan cepat diakses oleh siapa saja, kapan saja dan dimana saja. Untuk menjaga keamanannya diperlukan suatu usaha mengamankan informasi dari pihak yang tidak berwenang. Kriptografi dan steganografi sebagai salah satu cara untuk menjaga keamanan informasi tersebut. Informasi yang kita miliki (plaint text) akan diubah menjadi suatu informasi acak atau sulit dimengerti (chiper text), biasa disebut dengan enkripsi. Selanjutnya informasi acak tersebut akan disembunyikan atau disisipkan ke dalam citra digital (encode) sehingga tidak akan membuat orang lain curiga bahwa dalam citra digital tersebut terdapat suatu informasi yang sedang disembunyikan. Citra digital yang telah disisipi suatu informasi rahasia (stego image), secara kasat mata manusia tidak ada perbedaannya baik sebelum atau sesudah disisipi informasi rahasia. Penelitian ini berhasil mengamankan informasi dalam bentuk dokumen dengan format pdf, xlsx, docx, pptx dan txt mengunakan kriptografi Blowfish dan Steganografi LSB. Ukuran dokumen hasil proses enkripsi menjadi lebih kecil dengan proses kompresi Huffman dengan nilai rata-rata 57% dari dokumen aslinya. Pengujian mengunakan 3 file dan 3 citra yang berbeda dalam masing-masing format file yaitu pdf, xlsx, docx, pptx dan txt. Pengujian terhadap stego image menghasilkan kualitas tinggi dengan nilai MSE 0,092  dan PSNR 57,12 dB.
Consonanti doppie o scempie? Questo è (a volte) il problema
Authors: D'Achille Paolo
Published: November 2023

Ci sono arrivati vari quesiti circa la correttezza di grafie di parole che presentano consonanti doppie come pressocché, ovverossia, treccento, invece di pressoché, ovverosia, trecento.
Mi sa che...
Authors: Cialdini Francesca
Published: November 2023

Molti utenti ci chiedono se l’espressione mi sa che debba essere seguita dal verbo all’indicativo o al congiuntivo. In particolare, Claudia Brambilla da Milano si interroga sulla sua origine.
Tendinţe în Economia Moldovei, nr. 49 (sem. I, 2023)
Authors: Stratan Alexandru , Ianioglo Alina , Ceban Alexandru , Timofei Olga , Popa Viorica , Iatisin Tatiana , Novac Alexandra , Colesnicova Tatiana , Ciobanu Mihail , Toaca Zinovia
Published: November 2023

Publicația este elaborată cu suportul financiar al proiectelor de cercetare din cadrul Programului de Stat (2020-2023): 1. Proiectul 20.80009.0807.16 Elaborarea instrumentelor economice noi de evaluare şi stimulare a competitivităţii agriculturii Republicii Moldova pentru anii 2020-2023. 2. Proiectul 20.80009.0807.21 Migrația, schimbări demografice și politici de stabilizare a situației. 3. Proiectul 20.80009.0807.22 Dezvoltarea mecanismului de formare a economiei circulare în Republica Moldova. 4. Proiectul 20.80009.0807.29 Perfecționarea mecanismelor de aplicare a instrumentelor inovaționale orientate spre creșterea durabilă a bunăstării populației Republicii Moldova. 5. Proiectul 20.80009.1606.38 Evaluarea multidimensională și dezvoltarea ecosistemului antreprenorial la nivel național și regional în vederea impulsionării sectorului IMM în Republica Moldova. Echipa TEM este recunoscătoare pentru cooperarea instituţiilor publice din Republica Moldova: Ministerul Economiei, Ministerul Finanţelor, Banca Naţională a Moldovei, Biroul Naţional de Statistică.
Platinidades, literatura e diálogos no processo criativo da canção "Gaucho" de Mateus Porto e Juliano Guerra
Authors: Tiné Paulo José de Siqueira , Moraes Mateus Porto
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre o processo criativo da canção Gaucho de Juliano Guerra e Mateus Porto. Acreditando nas potencialidades e possibilidades de se fazer pesquisa do ponto de vista da criação artística adotou-se uma metodologia afim com a pesquisa artística. Discutiram-se questões que surgem a partir dos movimentos que deram origem à canção citada, assim como pontos disparadores dessa criação. Assim, foi possível pensar sobre uma filiação entre o objeto de pesquisa e as músicas dos países vizinhos Argentina e Uruguai, ou seja, a presença de elementos de uma sonoridade platina. Em um segundo momento, explorou-se o diálogo da canção com o poema Martin Fierro de José Hernández, pensando, a partir disso, nas relações da canção popular brasileira com a literatura. Ao final apresentaram-se resultados condizentes com a metodologia adotada, relacionando a canção com elementos violonísticos e a presença de uma literatura platina na composição discutida.