bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visual/CVG-AFS/ICP-MS multi-mode and label-free detection of target nucleic acids based on a selective cation exchange reaction and enzyme-free strand displacement amplification
Authors: Dai Rui , Hu Pingyue , Wang Xiu , Wang Shixin , Song Xinmei , Huang Ke , Chen Piaopiao
Published: May 2019

Visual/CVG-AFS/ICP-MS three-mode detection of DNA based on the selective cation exchange reaction and enzyme-free strand displacement amplification.
Nanofocused synchrotron X-ray absorption studies of the intracellular redox state of an organometallic complex in cancer cells
Authors: Sanchez-Cano Carlos , Gianolio Diego , Romero-Canelon Isolda , Tucoulou Remi , Sadler Peter J.
Published: May 2019

Synchrotron nanoprobe X-ray absorption studies of an osmium metallodrug in cancer cells show hetereogeneous intracellular distribution of OsIIand OsIIIspecies.
Redox active [Pd2L4]4+ cages constructed from rotationally flexible 1,1′-disubstituted ferrocene ligands
Authors: Vasdev Roan A. S. , Findlay James A. , Garden Anna L. , Crowley James D.
Published: May 2019

Two new ferrocene-containing [Pd2(LFc)4]4+(X−)4 (where X− = BF4− or SbF6−) self-assembled cages were synthesised from the known, rotationally flexible, 1,1′-bis(3-pyridylethynyl)ferrocene ligand (LFc). The cages were shown to bind neutral and anionic guest molecules and displayed reversible redox activity.
Expression of concern: Differential detection and quantification of cyclic AMP and other adenosine phosphates in live cells
Authors: Ross Philippa
Published: May 2019

Expression of concern for ‘Differential detection and quantification of cyclic AMP and other adenosine phosphates in live cells’ by Sujoy Das et al., Chem. Commun., 2017, 53, 7600–7603.
Growth facets of SrIrO3 thin films and single crystals
Authors: Fruchter L. , Brouet V. , Brisset F. , Moutaabbid H. , Klein Y.
Published: May 2019

The crystallographic orientation of SrIrO3 surfaces is decisive for the occurrence of topological surface states.
Crystallization behavior of a confined CuZr metallic liquid film with a sandwich-like structure
Authors: Duan Yunrui , Li Jie , Zhang Xingfan , Li Tao , Arandiyan Hamidreza , Jiang Yanyan , Li Hui
Published: May 2019

The liquid-to-crystal transition temperature and interatomic repulsion softness reach maxima as a function of wall–wall separation when a new layer starts to form.
Local electronic structure of the peptide bond probed by resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering
Authors: Weinhardt L. , Benkert A. , Meyer F. , Blum M. , Hauschild D. , Wilks R. G. , Bär M. , Yang W. , Zharnikov M. , Reinert F. , Heske C.
Published: May 2019

Soft X-ray emission spectroscopy and RIXS are used to determine the local electronic structure of the peptide bond.
Structure-retentive synthesis of a highly ordered mesoporous Nb2O5/N-doped graphene nanocomposite with superior interfacial contacts and improved visible-light photocatalysis
Authors: Huang Hui , Zhou Jun , Zhou Jie , Zhu Mingshan
Published: May 2019

A highly ordered mesoporous Nb2O5/N-doped graphene nanocomposite was constructed for efficient photocatalytic H2evolution under irradiation of visible light.
Metal-functionalized carbon nanotubes for biomass conversion: base-free highly efficient and recyclable catalysts for aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Sharma Poonam , Solanki Mohit , Sharma Rakesh K.
Published: May 2019

A noble and non-noble metal-confined CNT-based catalytic system was developed for the base-free selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to produce 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 2,5-diformylfurane.
Nanoscale toughening of ultrathin graphene oxide-polymer composites: mechanochemical insights into hydrogen-bonding/van der Waals interactions, polymer chain alignment, and steric parameters
Authors: Zhang Xu , Nguyen Hoang , Daly Matthew , Nguyen SonBinh T. , Espinosa Horacio D.
Published: May 2019

Systematic molecular dynamics simulations reveal design criteria for utilization of ultra-thin polymer adlayer to toughen monolayer graphene oxide through nanoscale crack-bridging.
Supramolecular ligands for the extraction of lanthanide and actinide ions
Authors: Werner Eric J. , Biros Shannon M.
Published: May 2019

A selection of supramolecular ligands designed to extract f-elements.
Bond orders of the diatomic molecules
Authors: Chen Taoyi , Manz Thomas A.
Published: May 2019

Bond orders were computed for 288 diatomics, and a new bond order component analysis (BOCA) was applied to selected diatomics.
Kitazin-pea interaction: understanding the fungicide induced nodule alteration, cytotoxicity, oxidative damage and toxicity alleviation byRhizobium leguminosarum
Authors: Shahid Mohammad , Khan Mohammad Saghir , Kumar Murugan
Published: May 2019

Realizing the severity of fungicidal toxicity to legumes and the importance of fungicide tolerant rhizobia in legume production, kitazin tolerant strain RP1 was recovered from pea nodules and was identified asRhizobium leguminosarum.
Nanocomposite of hydrophobic cellulose aerogel/graphene quantum dot/Pd: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic application
Authors: Keshipour Sajjad , Khezerloo Masoumeh
Published: May 2019

Novel hydrophobic cellulose aerogel (CA) supported graphene quantum dots (GQD)/Pd were synthesized with high lipophilicity, superior porosity as well as high catalytic activity.
Establishment and application of a dynamic tumor-vessel microsystem for studying different stages of tumor metastasis and evaluating anti-tumor drugs
Authors: Jing Bolin , Luo Yong , Lin Bingcheng , Li Jianjun , Wang Zhuo A. , Du Yuguang
Published: May 2019

The different stages of the cancer metastasis were reproduced individually on a novel tumor-vessel co-culture microsystem.
The formation mechanism of uranium and thorium hydride phosphorus: a systematically theoretical study
Authors: Zhao Huifeng , Li Peng , Duan Meigang , Xie Feng , Ma Jie
Published: May 2019

The reactions of U, Th with PH3to form the uranium and thorium hydride phosphorus have been systematically explored.
Hierarchical radial structure of polyacrylonitrile precursor formed during the wet-spinning process
Authors: Zhou Yiran , Sha Yang , Liu Wei , Gao Teng , Yao Zhuwei , Zhang Yaxin , Cao Weiyu
Published: May 2019

The study focused on the multiscale to clarify the radial structure in PAN precursors.
Retracted Article: Sauchinone inhibits high glucose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: Shi Yang , Zhang Yongzhou , Li Yan , Tong Chenjun
Published: May 2019

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and results in acquired blindness among working-age adults.
Self-supported nickel nanoparticles on germanophosphate glasses: synthesis and applications in catalysis
Authors: Lenz Guilherme Felipe , Schneider Rodrigo , Rossi de Aguiar Kelen M. F. , Bini Rafael A. , Chaker Juliano Alexandre , Hammer Peter , Botteselle Giancarlo V. , Felix Jorlandio F. , Schneider Ricardo
Published: May 2019

The development of supported catalysts based on simple procedures without waste products and time-consuming steps is highly desirable.
Rationally designed La and Se co-doped bismuth ferrites with controlled bandgap for visible light photocatalysis
Authors: Umar M. , Mahmood Nasir , Awan Saif Ullah , Fatima Sabeen , Mahmood Asif , Rizwan Syed
Published: May 2019

Development of efficient visible light photocatalysts for water purification and hydrogen production by water splitting has been quite challenging.
Colloids in confined liquid crystals: a plot twist in the lock-and-key mechanism
Authors: Boniello Giuseppe , Luo Yimin , Beller Daniel A. , Serra Francesca , Stebe Kathleen J.
Published: May 2019

By confining soft materials within tailored boundaries it is possible to design energy landscapes to address and control colloidal dynamics. Twist distortions in confined liquid crystals multiply configurations for particles-boundaries interactions.
Multistage energy management system using autoregressive moving average and artificial neural network for day‐ahead peak shaving
Authors: Mahmud K. , Sahoo A.
Published: May 2019

In this Letter, a multistage energy management system is developed and analysed incorporating the coordination between the tertiary stage and the primary stage. In the tertiary level, a day‐ahead peak shaving strategy is developed using the autoregressive moving average and artificial neural network technique. These two techniques are used to predict customer's power demand and photovoltaic power generation, which are fed to a tertiary controller for the day‐ahead power demand management. As the peak‐power‐demand management system is highly dependent on the demand‐generation values, any fluctuations and errors in predicted values impact the performance of the peak shaving. The reference power generated from the energy management layer at the tertiary stage is communicated to the local inverter controller at the primary stage. The inverter implements a dq‐current controller to track the reference power efficiently.
Linear transformation on x‐vector for text‐independent speaker verification
Authors: Xu Longting , Ren Bo , Zhang Guanglin , Yang Jichen
Published: May 2019

Total variability model‐based i‐vector and deep neural network‐based embedding x‐vector are both widely used for text‐independent speaker verification. In this Letter, a novel model is proposed, which can contain information of both i‐vector and x‐vector by using parallel factor analysis. The authors aim to obtain a linear transformation expression for x‐vectors based on background i‐vectors and x‐vectors, and consider the linearly transformed x‐vector as the novel model, thus they name it as ‐vector. The novel ‐vector can maximise intra and minimise inner speaker variability, in addition, it can improve the system performance without latency. Experiments were conducted on NIST 2010 dataset, and in terms of equal error rate, they observe up to 37.27 and 53.38% relative improvement of the authors proposed ‐vector model compared to the i‐vector and x‐vector models, respectively.
Balanced triple‐mode substrate integrated waveguide bandpass filter
Authors: Liu Qing , Lv Dalong , Zhou Dongfang , Zhang Dewei
Published: May 2019

This Letter proposes a novel balanced triple‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter for the first time. The new triple‐mode resonator is realised by a square‐shaped SIW cavity with a capacitive loading patch. The resonance of higher‐order mode TE301 can be controlled and shifted to that of modes TE102 and TE201. High‐performance common mode suppression, controllable bandwidth, compact size and quasi‐elliptic differential mode response can be achieved. For demonstration, a balanced triple‐mode SIW filter is designed, fabricated and measured.
Time‐variant PM flux linkages and magnetising inductances of a line‐start PM synchronous motor with composite solid rotor
Authors: Yan Bo , Yang Yubo , Wang Xiuhe
Published: May 2019

This study conducts a deep research on a line‐start permanent‐magnet synchronous motor (LSPMSM) with a composite solid rotor through detailed analyses of two sets of intrinsic motor parameters, i.e. (i) the flux linkages stemming from permanent‐magnet (PM) poles, or the so‐called PM flux linkages, and (ii) the magnetising inductances related to the stator–rotor magnetic couple. The analyses proceed by separating the motor starting process into a series of sub‐states with different slips. At each sub‐state, the PM flux linkages and magnetising inductances are both susceptible to the varying saturation of motor cores and hence perform as time‐dependent quantities alternating exactly in the slip frequency. Accordingly, these parameters are determined as combinations of cosine functions indicating the quantity alternation, by which the rotor resistances and self‐inductances are obtained at the same time. Assembly of all the confirmed motor parameters generates an analytical model of the studied LSPMSM. Responses of this model stay totally in good agreement with those from the finite‐element method, and the close result correlation offers an effective validation of the analyses presented in this work.
Optimising compressive sensing matrix using Chicken Swarm Optimisation algorithm
Authors: Aziz Ahmed , Singh Karan , Osamy Walid , Khedr Ahmed M.
Published: May 2019

According to compressive sensing (CS) technique, the smaller the mutual coherence between CS matrix and transformer matrix (Φ and ), the better the performance of CS matrix to reduce the reconstruction error. Generating CS matrix from any distribution may achieve low but not minimum mutual coherence. In this study, using Chicken Swarm Optimisation (CSO), we propose a new efficient CS matrix optimisation algorithm (CSMO‐CSO) to optimise CS matrix by minimising the mutual coherence between and . The proposed CSMO‐CSO succeeds to minimise the coherence between CS matrix and transformer matrix which improves the CS matrix, and thereby minimise the reconstruction error. The simulation results show that the performance of proposed algorithm exceeds the baseline existing algorithm in terms of mutual coherence reduction and normalised mean square error reduction.
The Close AGN Reference Survey (CARS)
Authors: Husemann B. , Scharwächter J. , Davis T. A. , Pérez-Torres M. , Smirnova-Pinchukova I. , Tremblay G. R. , Krumpe M. , Combes F. , Baum S. A. , Busch G. , Connor T. , Croom S. M. , Gaspari M. , Kraft R. P. , O’Dea C. P. , Powell M. , Singha M. , Urrutia T.
Published: May 2019

Context. Galaxy-wide outflows driven by star formation and/or an active galactic nucleus (AGN) are thought to play a crucial rule in the evolution of galaxies and the metal enrichment of the inter-galactic medium. Direct measurements of these processes are still scarce and new observations are needed to reveal the nature of outflows in the majority of the galaxy population.

Aims. We combine extensive, spatially-resolved, multi-wavelength observations, taken as part of the Close AGN Reference Survey (CARS), for the edge-on disc galaxy HE 1353−1917 in order to characterise the impact of the AGN on its host galaxy via outflows and radiation.

Methods. Multi-color broad-band photometry was combined with spatially-resolved optical, near-infrared (NIR) and sub-mm and radio observations taken with the Multi-Unit Spectroscopy Explorer (MUSE), the Near-infrared Integral Field Spectrometer (NIFS), the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), and theKarl G. JanskyVery Large Array (VLA) to map the physical properties and kinematics of the multi-phase interstellar medium.

Results. We detect a biconical extended narrow-line region ionised by the luminous AGN orientated nearly parallel to the galaxy disc, extending out to at least 25 kpc. The extra-planar gas originates from galactic fountains initiated by star formation processes in the disc, rather than an AGN outflow, as shown by the kinematics and the metallicity of the gas. Nevertheless, a fast, multi-phase, AGN-driven outflow with speeds up to 1000 km s−1is detected close to the nucleus at 1 kpc distance. A radio jet, in connection with the AGN radiation field, is likely responsible for driving the outflow as confirmed by the energetics and the spatial alignment of the jet and multi-phase outflow. Evidence for negative AGN feedback suppressing the star formation rate (SFR) is mild and restricted to the central kpc. But while any SFR suppression must have happened recently, the outflow has the potential to greatly impact the future evolution of the galaxy disc due to its geometrical orientation.

Conclusions.. Our observations reveal that low-power radio jets can play a major role in driving fast, multi-phase, galaxy-scale outflows even in radio-quiet AGN. Since the outflow energetics for HE 1353−1917 are consistent with literature, scaling relation of AGN-driven outflows the contribution of radio jets as the driving mechanisms still needs to be systematically explored.
Total Endoscopic Transcanal Cartilage Myringoplasty: A Prospective Study
Authors: Shakya Dipesh , KC Arun , Nepal Ajit , Tamang Nirmala
Published: May 2019

Introduction Middle ear surgeries, including myringoplasty, have increasingly utilized endoscopes as an adjunct to or as a replacement for the operative microscope.

Objectives The objective of the present study was to evaluate the graft uptake rate and to evaluate the hearing results.

Methods This is a prospective study. We have analyzed 139 patients who underwent surgery for chronic otitis media (COM) of the mucosal type. All of the surgeries were performed exclusively under total endoscopic transcanal approach using tragal cartilage as graft, underlay technique. We have evaluated the postoperative graft uptake and performed a hearing evaluation at 6 weeks, at 12 weeks, and at 6 months.

Results During the study period, 139 patients were included, out of which 13 were lost to follow-up; therefore, only 126 patients were assessed. All of the cases were performed under total endoscopic approach. As for the surgical outcome at the postoperative otoscopy, 3 cases had initial uptake at 3 months and failed later; therefore, complete closure of the perforation was observed in 97.6% (n = 123) of the patients 6 months after the intervention.

Four patients presented with preoperative anacusis; therefore, only 122 patients were included for hearing evaluation. The preoperative air conduction threshold (ACT) and airbone gap (ABG) were 43.34 ± 11.53 and 24.73 ± 7.89, respectively.

Postoperatively, the ACT and ABG closure were 28.73 ± 15.75 and 11.91 ± 8.41, respectively. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusion The endoscopic approach for myringoplasty offers excellent visualization; avoids postaural approach, enables a faster recovery, requires less hospital stay, with excellent graft closure rate and improved functional outcomes.
The application of degree related clustering coefficient in estimating the link predictability and predicting missing links of networks
Authors: Chen Xing , Fang Ling , Yang Tinghong , Yang Jian , Bao Zerong , Wu Duzhi , Zhao Jing
Published: May 2019

Though a lot of valuable algorithms of link prediction have been created, it is still difficult to improve the accuracy of link prediction for some networks. Such difficulties may be due to the intrinsic topological features of these networks. To reveal the correlation between the network topology and the link predictability, we generate a group of artificial networks by keeping some structural features of an initial seed network. Based on these artificial networks and some real networks, we find that five topological measures including clustering coefficient, structural consistency, random walk entropy, network diameter, and average path length significantly show their impact on the link predictability. Then, we define a topological score that combines these important topological features. Specifically, it is an integration of structural consistency with degree-related clustering coefficient defined in this work. This topological score exhibits high correlation with the link predictability. Finally, we propose an algorithm for link prediction based on this topological score. Our experiment on eight real networks verifies good performance of this algorithm in link prediction, which supports the reasonability of the new topological score. This work could be insightful for the study of the link predictability.
Automated, context-free assignment of asymmetric rotor microwave spectra
Authors: Yeh Lia , Satterthwaite Lincoln , Patterson David
Published: May 2019

We present a new algorithm, Robust Automated Assignment of Rigid Rotors (RAARR), for assigning rotational spectra of asymmetric tops. The RAARR algorithm can automatically assign experimental spectra under a broad range of conditions, including spectra comprised of multiple mixture components, in ≲100 s. The RAARR algorithm exploits constraints placed by the conservation of energy to find sets of connected lines in an unassigned spectrum. The highly constrained structure of these sets eliminates all but a handful of plausible assignments for a given set, greatly reducing the number of potential assignments that must be evaluated. We successfully apply our algorithm to automatically assign 15 experimental spectra, including 5 previously unassigned species, without prior estimation of molecular rotational constants. In 9 of the 15 cases, the RAARR algorithm successfully assigns two or more mixture components.
Investigation of domain wall pinning by square anti-notches and its application in three terminals MRAM
Authors: de Araujo C. I. L. , Gomes J. C. S. , Toscano D. , Paixão E. L. M. , Coura P. Z. , Sato F. , Massote D. V. P. , Leonel S. A.
Published: May 2019

In this work, we perform investigations of the competition between domain-wall pinning and attraction by antinotches and finite device borders. The conditions for optimal geometries, which can attain a stable domain-wall pinning, are presented. This allows the proposition of a three-terminal device based on domain-wall pinning. We obtain, with very small pulses of current applied parallel to the nanotrack, a fast motion of the domain-wall between antinotches. In addition to this, a swift stabilization of the pinned domain-wall is observed with a high percentage of orthogonal magnetization, enabling high magnetoresistive signal measurements. Thus, our proposed device is a promising magnetoresistive random access memory device with good scalability, duration, and high speed information storage.
The Pauli principle and the confinement of electron pairs in a double well: Aspects of electronic bonding under pressure
Authors: Novoa Trinidad , Contreras-García Julia , Fuentealba Patricio , Cárdenas Carlos
Published: May 2019

It has become recently clear that chemical bonding under pressure is still lacking guiding principles for understanding the way electrons reorganize when their volume is constrained. As an example, it has recently been shown that simple metals can become insulators (aka electrides) when submitted to high enough pressures. This has lead to the general believe that “a fundamental yet empirically useful understanding of how pressure alters the chemistry of the elements is lacking” [R. J. Hemley, High Pressure Res. 30, 581 (2010)]. In this paper, we are interested in studying the role that the Pauli principle plays on the localization/delocalization of confined noninteracting electrons. To this end, we have considered the simple case of a 1-dimensional (1-D) double well as a confining potential, and the Electron Localization Function (ELF) has been used to characterize the degree localization/delocalization of the systems of noninteracting electrons. Then, we have systematically studied the topology of the ELF as a function of the double well parameters (barrier eight and wells distance) and of the number of electrons. We have found that the evolution of the ELF distributions has a good correspondence with the evolution of chemical bonding of atomic solids under pressure.
Low energy secondary electron induced damage of condensed nucleotides
Authors: McKee A. D. , Schaible M. J. , Rosenberg R. A. , Kundu S. , Orlando T. M.
Published: May 2019

Radiation damage and stimulated desorption of nucleotides 2′-deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate (dAMP), adenosine 5′-monophosphate (rAMP), 2′-deoxycytidine 5′-monophosphate (dCMP), and cytidine 5′-monophosphate (rCMP) deposited on Au have been measured using x-rays as both the probe and source of low energy secondary electrons. The fluence dependent behavior of the O-1s, C-1s, and N-1s photoelectron transitions was analyzed to obtain phosphate, sugar, and nucleobase damage cross sections. Although x-ray induced reactions in nucleotides involve both direct ionization and excitation, the observed bonding changes were likely dominated by the inelastic energy-loss channels associated with secondary electron capture and transient negative ion decay. Growth of the integrated peak area for the O-1s component at 531.3 eV, corresponding to cleavage of the C—O—P phosphodiester bond, yielded effective damage cross sections of about 23 Mb and 32 Mb (1 Mb = 10−18 cm2) for AMP and CMP molecules, respectively. The cross sections for sugar damage, as determined from the decay of the C-1s component at 286.4 eV and the glycosidic carbon at 289.0 eV, were slightly lower (about 20 Mb) and statistically similar for the r- and d- forms of the nucleotides. The C-1s component at 287.6 eV, corresponding to carbons in the nucleobase ring, showed a small initial increase and then decayed slowly, yielding a low damage cross section (∼5 Mb). Although there is no statistical difference between the sugar forms, changing the nucleobase from adenine to cytidine has a slight effect on the damage cross section, possibly due to differing electron capture and transfer probabilities.
Towards a transportable aluminium ion quantum logic optical clock
Authors: Hannig S. , Pelzer L. , Scharnhorst N. , Kramer J. , Stepanova M. , Xu Z. T. , Spethmann N. , Leroux I. D. , Mehlstäubler T. E. , Schmidt P. O.
Published: May 2019

With the advent of optical clocks featuring fractional frequency uncertainties on the order of 10−17 and below, new applications such as chronometric leveling with few-centimeter height resolution emerge. We are developing a transportable optical clock based on a single trapped aluminum ion, which is interrogated via quantum logic spectroscopy. We employ singly charged calcium as the logic ion for sympathetic cooling, state preparation, and readout. Here, we present a simple and compact physics and laser package for manipulation of 40Ca+. Important features are a segmented multilayer trap with separate loading and probing zones, a compact titanium vacuum chamber, a near-diffraction-limited imaging system with high numerical aperture based on a single biaspheric lens, and an all-in-fiber 40Ca+ repump laser system. We present preliminary estimates of the trap-induced frequency shifts on 27Al+, derived from measurements with a single calcium ion. The micromotion-induced second-order Doppler shift for 27Al+ has been determined to be δνEMMν=−0.4−0.3+0.4×10−18 and the black-body radiation shift is δνBBR/ν = (−4.0 ± 0.4) × 10−18. Moreover, heating rates of 30 (7) quanta per second at trap frequencies of ωrad,Ca+ ≈ 2π × 2.5 MHz (ωax,Ca+ ≈ 2π × 1.5 MHz) in radial (axial) direction have been measured, enabling interrogation times of a few hundreds of milliseconds.
Stretches across for chaos
Authors: Li Ming-Chia
Published: May 2019

In 2001, Kennedy et al. [Amer. Math. Mon. 108, 411–423 (2001) and Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 353, 2513–2530 (2001)] showed a chaos lemma and stated the pseudoconjecture “stretches across implies existence of an invariant set.” In this paper, we give a suitable definition of stretches across in topological sense so that the conjecture has an affirmative answer. More precisely, we show that there must be an orbit through a sequence of stretches across. In particular, a closed loop of stretches across implies existence of a periodic orbit. We also give the geometric meaning of stretches across and its relation with the global implicit function theorem.
On distributed coordination in networks of cyber-physical systems
Authors: Russo Giovanni , di Bernardo Mario
Published: May 2019

This paper is concerned with the study of the global emerging behavior in complex networks where each node can be modeled as a cyber-physical system. We recast the problem of characterizing the behavior of such systems as a stability problem and give two technical results to assess this property. We then illustrate the effectiveness of our approach by considering two testbed examples arising in applications where networks, arising from Internet of Things applications, need to be designed so as to fulfill a given task.
Modulation of spin-orbit torque induced magnetization switching in Pt/CoFe through oxide interlayers
Authors: Li Shangkun , Zhao Xiaotian , Liu Wei , Zhao Xinguo , Zhang Zhidong
Published: May 2019

We investigate the spin–orbit torque (SOT) induced magnetization switching in the Pt/CoFe structure via inserting NiO or MgO interlayers. The effective spin Hall angles are enhanced by inserting a NiO layer and decreased by a MgO interlayer, through the harmonic Hall measurement. Both the MgO and NiO interlayers decrease the critical switching current and the minimum in-plane field required for completely switching, which is decreased down to about 50 Oe for a sample with MgO and 25 Oe for a sample with NiO. This originates from the reduction of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction by inserting the oxide interlayers, which is confirmed by the Kerr images for the switching process. We confirm that the oxide interlayer is an efficient way to modify the SOT-induced magnetization switching and reveal the possibility of the SOT-induced switching for double MgO-based perpendicular magnetic tunneling junctions.
Trajectory surface hopping molecular dynamics simulation by spin-flip time-dependent density functional theory
Authors: Minezawa Noriyuki , Nakajima Takahito
Published: May 2019

This paper presents the nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulation combined with the spin-flip time-dependent density functional theory (SF-TDDFT). In contrast to the conventional single-reference electronic structure methods, which have difficulty in describing the S0/S1 conical intersections, the SF-TDDFT can yield the correct topology of crossing points. Thus, one expects that the method can take naturally into account the S1 → S0 nonadiabatic transitions. We adopt Tully’s fewest switch surface hopping algorithm by introducing the analytic SF-TDDFT nonadiabatic coupling vector. We apply the proposed method to the photoisomerization reactions of E-azomethane, methanimine, and ethene molecules and reproduce the results of previous studies based on the multireference methods. The proposed approach overcomes the ad hoc treatment of S1 → S0 transition at the single-reference calculation level and affords both the dynamics on the S1 state and the recovery of the S0 state with modest computational costs.
Counterflow and wall stagnation flow with three-dimensional strain
Authors: Sirignano William A.
Published: May 2019

Three-dimensional (3D) viscous counterflows and wall stagnation flows are analyzed with differing normal strain rates in each of the three directions. Reduction of the equations to a similar form is obtained allowing for variations in density due to temperature and composition, heat conduction, and, for the counterflow, mass diffusion and the presence of a flame. Solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations are obtained without the boundary-layer approximation. For the steady and unsteady incompressible counterflows, analytical solutions are obtained for the flow field and the scalar fields subject to heat and mass transfer. In steady, variable-density configurations, a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) governs the two transverse velocity and the axial velocity profiles as well as the scalar-field variables. Diffusion rates for mass, momentum, and energy depend on the two normal strain rates parallel to the counterflow interface or the wall and thereby not merely on the sum of those two strain rates. For thin diffusion flames, the location, burning rate, and peak temperature are readily obtained. Solutions for planar flows and axisymmetric flows are obtained as limits here. Results for the velocity and scalar fields are found for a full range of the distribution of normal strain rates between the two transverse directions, various Prandtl number values, and various ambient (or wall) temperatures. For counterflows with flames and stagnation layers with hot walls, velocity overshoots are seen in the viscous layer, yielding an important correction of theories based on a constant-density assumption.
Proximal probe-like nano structuring in metal-assisted etching of silicon
Authors: Bahceci Ersin , Enders Brian , Yamani Zain , Tokmoldin Serekbol , Taukenov Aman , Abuhassan Laila , Nayfeh Munir
Published: May 2019

We use silicon having multiple crystalline orientation domains and high metal doping in metal assisted chemical etching (MACEtch) in HF/H2O2. In device-quality silicon, MACEtch produces high-aspect ratio anisotropic (1-D) structures (wires, columns, pores or holes) and to a lesser degree non-high-aspect ratio luminescent (0-D) nano structures. While the 1-D structure symmetry is understood in terms of crystallography axis-dependent etching, predominantly along the <100> direction, the isotropic 0-D spherical symmetry etching is not understood. We observe in silicon having multiple crystalline orientation domains formation of metal tips (needles or whiskers) of diameters as small as 2-3 nm that bridge the metal to silicon and cause AFM/STM-like nanofabrication, producing 0-D mounds, indentations, or clusters. The formation of sharp needles can be understood in terms of charge injection/electric breakdown between metal clusters and silicon due to charge build-up. Silicon with high degree of impurities as well as with multiple crystalline orientation domains allow imaging these effects using electron spectroscopy without cross sectional cuts.
Singlet fission in spiroconjugated dimers
Authors: Sandoval-Salinas María E. , Carreras Abel , Casado Juan , Casanova David
Published: May 2019

Spiroconjugation results in a unique arrangement of conjugated fragments providing a novel way to chemically connect chromophoric units and control their electronic interaction, which is a key factor for the viability of the singlet fission photophysical reaction. In this study, we computationally explore the possibility of intramolecular singlet fission in spiroconjugated dimers by characterizing the nature of the low-lying excited electronic states, evaluating the magnitude of interstate couplings, describing possible singlet fission mechanisms, and investigating the potential role of low and high frequency vibrational modes in the exciton fission process. The spiro linkage of organic chromophores with the proper excited singlet and triplet energies favors the presence of low-lying charge resonance states, which play a major role in the formation of the triplet pair state. Overall, our results suggest that spiroconjugated dimers are potentially good candidates to efficiently generate independent triplet states through singlet fission.
Highly compressible 3-D hierarchical porous carbon nanotube/metal organic framework/polyaniline hybrid sponges supercapacitors
Authors: Gong Jing , Xu Zhichao , Tang Zhuo , Zhong Jing , Zhang Liang
Published: May 2019

Optimization of the transport behaviors of ions and electrons is the key for the property improvement of supercapacitor, which are essentially controlled by the design of hierarchical porous structure and electrical conductive backbone, from nanoscale to microscale, respectively. However, such design requirements are very difficult to be satisfied simultaneously, because the generation of porosity would result to the detrimental effects on the electrical conductivity of electrode. In this study, we propose to prepare a hierarchical porous supercapacitor electrode, with a novel 3-D highly porous (with pore size in the range of 50-100 nm) carbon nanotube sponges (CNTS) as a conductive substrate for the successively deposition of metal organic frameworks (MOF) and polyaniline. The porous structure of the sponge is beneficial for precursor penetration and uniform deposition of MOF and polyaniline (PANI) on to the nanotubes. The highly porous CNTS not only provides conductive highway for electrons, but also channels for ions quick diffusion. The coated MOF offers extra ion storage reservoir, while PANI further wire the insulating MOF together. In addition, the composite structure does not require any conductive additives or mechanical binders and delivers excellent capacitance coupled with flexible, compressive, and have relatively high specific capacitance.
Novel OsGRAS19 mutant, D26, positively regulates grain shape in rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Lin Zhimin , Yan Jingwan , Su Jun , Liu Huaqing , Hu Changquan , Li Gang , Wang Feng , Lin Yi
Published: May 2019

Grain size is an important factor in rice yield. Several genes related to grain size have been reported, but most of them are determined by quantitative trail loci (QTL) traits. Gene D26 is a novel site mutation of OsGRAS19 and involved in the brassinosteroid (BR) signalling pathway. However, whether D26 is involved in the process of rice reproductive development remains unclear. Here, gene cloning and functional analysis revealed that D26 has an obvious regulatory effect on grain size. Overexpression or CRISP/Cas9 mutant of D26 also showed that grain size was positively influenced. Cellular analyses show that D26 modulates grain size by promoting cell division and regulating the cell number in the upper epidermis of the glume. The overexpression results further suggest that the level of D26 expression positively impacts grain length and leaf angles and that the expression of several known grain size genes is involved in the regulation. Based on our results, D26, as a transcription factor, effectively improves rice grain shape.
Population genetic structure of barramundi (Lates calcarifer) across the natural distribution range in Australia informs fishery management and aquaculture practices
Authors: Loughnan Shannon R. , Smith-Keune Carolyn , Beheregaray Luciano B. , Robinson Nicholas A. , Jerry Dean R.
Published: May 2019

Clarifying population structure of fish stocks is important for the sustainable exploitation of fisheries, along with informing collection of founder broodstock for the genetic improvement of aquaculture programs. Using 16 microsatellite DNA markers, the most comprehensive genetic survey to date (1297 individuals from 49 sample collections) of the population structure and genetic diversity of wild Australian barramundi (Lates calcarifer) was undertaken. The results point to the existence of two distinct genetic stocks (east and west) with isolation by geographic distance (IBD), and a central region of admixture between the stocks, located in an area where a historic land bridge once connected northern Australia with Papua New Guinea. Global levels of population differentiation were moderate (fixation index, FST=0.103, P<0.001) and IBD was identified as a factor influencing population structure across the sampled region. There was also evidence of temporal stability of population genetic structure over a period of 25 years. This study provides valuable information for improving programs of translocation, restocking and captive breeding for both the wild barramundi fishery and the aquaculture industry.
The base pair-scale diffusion of nucleosomes modulates binding of transcription factors
Authors: Rudnizky Sergei , Khamis Hadeel , Malik Omri , Melamed Philippa , Kaplan Ariel
Published: May 2019

Significance

As nucleosomes prevent binding of transcription factors (TFs) to DNA, their position needs to be actively modulated. Nucleosomes can also reposition spontaneously, but this process and its effect on TF binding have not been extensively studied. Here, we developed a method based on single-molecule optical tweezers to simultaneously measure nucleosome diffusion and TF binding to the same DNA molecule. We show that nucleosomes undergo confined diffusion on the DNA, and that the confinement is relieved upon incorporation of the histone variant H2A.Z leading to an increase in TF binding, which then further biases nucleosome diffusion. Our results shed light on a previously uncharacterized mechanism of transcriptional regulation.
Facial expressions and emotions in domestic animals.
Authors: Lezama-García K. , Orihuela A. , Olmos-Hernández A. , Reyes-Long S. , Mota-Rojas D.
Published: May 2019

In many animal species, facial expressions are key elements for recognizing emotions and numerous types of social interaction. Emotions are complex reactions that allow individuals to cope with full events that have either positive or negative meaning and involve certain neurophysiological responses proper to each emotion and species. Regulation of emotional states requires integrating a whole series of responses - peripheral, autonomous, endocrine and muscular - that entail activating various sub-cortical structures, including the amygdale, hypothalamus and brainstem. In recent decades, interest in the emotions expressed by animals has grown, and researchers have come to understand that some problems of animal welfare can be detected by examining and comprehending the emotional experiences that animals may suffer, and identifying how they demonstrate their reactions through facial expressions and corporal postures. The objective of this review is to examine recent literature on aspects related to the function of the emotions and facial expressions in certain domestic species (cats, dogs, rats, sheep, horses and pigs) and propose that understanding facial expressions can be useful as a complement to existing tools in assessing welfare and working with, or doing research on, these species.
Slow Vortex Creep Induced by Strong Grain Boundary Pinning in Advanced Ba122 Superconducting Tapes*
Authors: Dong Chiheng , Huang He , Ma Yanwei
Published: May 2019

We report the temperature, magnetic field and time dependences of magnetization in advanced Ba122 superconducting tapes. The sample exhibits peculiar vortex creep behavior. Below 10 K, the normalized magnetization relaxation rate S = dln(−M)/dln(t) shows a temperature-insensitive plateau with a value comparable to that of low-temperature superconductors, which can be explained within the framework of collective creep theory. It then enters into a second collective creep regime when the temperature increases. Interestingly, the relaxation rate below 20K tends to reach saturation with increasing the field. However, it changes to a power law dependence on the field at a higher temperature. A vortex phase diagram composed of the collective and the plastic creep regions is shown. Benefiting from the strong grain boundary pinning, the advanced Ba122 superconducting tape has potential to be applied not only in liquid helium but also in liquid hydrogen or at temperatures accessible with cryocoolers.
Tunable Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in Off-Stoichiometric Full-Heusler Alloy Co2MnAl*
Authors: Yu Zhi-Feng , Lu Jun , Wang Hai-Long , Zhao Xu-Peng , Wei Da-Hai , Ma Jia-Lin , Mao Si-Wei , Zhao Jian-Hua
Published: May 2019

Off-stoichiometric full-Heusler alloy Co2MnAl thin films with different thicknesses are epitaxially grown on GaAs (001) substrates by molecular-beam epitaxy. The composition of the films, close to Co1.65Mn1.35Al (CMA), is determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Tunable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) from 3.41 Merg/cm3 to 1.88 Merg/cm3 with the thickness increasing from 10 nm to 30 nm is found, attributed to the relaxation of residual compressive strain. Moreover, comparing with the ultrathin CoFeB/MgO used in the conventional perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction, the CMA electrode has a higher magnetic thermal stability with more volume involved. The PMA in CMA films is sustainable up to 300°C, compatible with semiconductor techniques. This work provides a possibility for the development of perpendicular magnetized full-Heusler compounds with high thermal stability and spin polarization.
Finding all non-dominated points for a bi-objective generalized assignment problem
Authors: Al-Hasani Ali , Al-Rabeeah Masar , Kumar Santosh , Eberhard Andrew
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we consider a bi-objective generalized assignment problem (BOGAP) and find all non-dominated points using two methods; Two Phases Method (TPM) and the Balanced Box Method (BBM). The computational results are shown by testing a number of instances, which indicates that the TPM performs better compared to the BBM.
Quarternion gaussian integral and its application to a geometry of quarternion gaussian distributions
Authors: Suzuki Tatsuo
Published: May 2019

We give an explicit formula of a quarternion Gaussian integral in terms of a quaternionic determinant. Then, we obtain a simple form of a probability density function of multivariate quarternion Gaussian distributions. Moreover, as an application to a geometry, we obtain the Fisher metric of quarternion Gaussian distributions by using the potential function of them.
Total H-irregularity strength of ladder graphs
Authors: Hinding Nurdin , Vega Elit , Basir Hasmawati
Published: May 2019

H-irregular total labeling and total H-irregularity strength of graphs were not complete.This research aimed to determine the total H-Irregularity strength of ladder graph Lb
with subgraphs C
8 and C
10.To determine of the total H-irregularity strength of ladder graphs, we have to determine the greatest lower bound and the smallest upper bound. The lower bound was analysed based on graph characteristics and other supporting theorems, while the upper bound was analysed by construct a function H-Irregular total labeling. The results reveal that the total H-Irregularity strength of ladder graph Ln
with subgraph C
8 is

⌈

n
−
2
i
+
14

16

⌉

≤
t
h
s
(

L
n

,

C
8

)
≤

⌈

n
+
14

18

⌉

, for

18
i
−
15
≤
n
≤
18
i
+
2

, where i = 1,2, …, N and the total H-Irregularity strength of ladder graph Ln
with subgraph C
10 is

t
h
s
(
G
,
H
)
≥
max

{

⌈

1
+

m
1

−
1

|

V
(

H
/

S
1

)

|

+

|

E
(

H
/

S
1

)

|

⌉

,
…
,

⌈

1
+

m
1

−
1

|

V
(

H
/

S
z

)

|

+

|

E
(

H
/

S
z

)

|

⌉

}

⌈

n
−
3
i
+
18

20

⌉

≤
t
h
s
(

L
n

,

C

10

)
≤

⌈

n
+
18

23

⌉

, for

23
i
−
20
≤
n
≤
23
i
+
2

, where i = 1,2, …, N.
Sequences and its properties on type-metric space
Authors: Sunarsini  , Yunus Mahmud , Dimaz Wisnu A , Sadjidon
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we generalized concept of metric space, namely the type-metric space. The difference between type-metric with metric is triangular inequalities. We will investigate some properties of the convergent sequence, the Cauchy sequence, the contractive sequence on the type-metric space. Then, we investigate the relationship between the metric space and the type-metric space with an the example. At the end of this paper, we construct a type-metric function on the cone metric space.
An epidemic cholera model with control treatment and intervention
Authors: Subchan  , Fitria Irma , Syafi’i Ahmad M
Published: May 2019

The mathematical modelling and dynamics optimization of cholera disease spread are discussed. The proposed SEIQR (Susceptible-Educated-Infected-Quarantined-Recovered) type model takes into account the bacterial concentration of the cholera spread dynamics. Three controls are considered to minimize the spread of cholera which are the treatment of quarantined populations and intervention efforts as a strategy in preventing the spread of disease through improved sanitation and education. Furthermore, the dynamics optimization problem is solved using the Pontryagin Minimum Principle method. The purpose is to decrease the populations of infected human populations and bacterial populations while minimizing the costs incurred for sanitation, educational and quarantine improvement. Numerical results are presented to show that the three controls can effectifely minimize the spread of cholera.
A numerical method for valuation of european option with regime-switching volatility and interest rate
Authors: Putri Endah RM , Imron Chairul , Lista Tauryawati Mey
Published: May 2019

This paper develops a numerical method for pricing European options with regime-switching volatility and interest rate governed by the Black-Scholes equation. The method is based on a finite volume method with a spatial discretization and implicit time stepping technique. We show that the system matrix of the discretized system is an M-matrix and present an algorithm for solving the problem. Numerical experiment are implemented for some European option problems to illustrate the usefulness of this method.