bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factoren geassocieerd aan agressiviteit en verwante gedragsproblemen bij kinderen en adolescenten met ASS: een grondige review
Authors: Haas J. , Steyaert J. , Danckaerts M.
Published: January 2024

Factors associated with externalizing challenging behaviour in children and adolescents with ASD: a systematic review

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome with a high prevalence of comorbid challenging behaviours. Externalizing challenging behaviours are known to have a negative prognostic impact on children with ASD and their caregivers. Studies have shown several risk factors for externalizing challenging behaviours in the typically developing population. Less is known about the risk factors for children with ASD.

The databases PubMed, Embase and Web of Science Core Collection were systematically searched. A systematic analysis of the selected articles was performed.

A total of 95 studies were found. Despite the multitude of withheld articles, only a few factors showed to be clearly associated with externalizing challenging behaviour in children with ASD.

The studies in this review mainly investigate cross-sectional and some prognostic associations, and often find conflicting results. Consequently, the authors cannot make strong statements about possible direct causal relationships of the studied factors with externalising behavioural problems. Nevertheless, they emphasize some possible implications for clinical practice. First, more attention should be paid to the adaptive skills of children with ASD. In addition, they underline the importance of systematic screening regarding the severity of the rigidity, encouraging flexibility and learning to cope with change. Furthermore, it is crucial to diagnose and treat ADHD and sleep disorders. Finally, the results mark the importance of early detection and intervention of contextual factors.
Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing Medical Circumcision of Males Performed Voluntarily Uptake in Turkana County
Authors: Lokorio Ekidor Ateyo , Mwanzo Isaac , Ogweno Gordon
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Kenya is amongst six high-burden nations in Africa grappling high HIV infections. Approximately 91.2% of Kenyan men have undergone circumcision. However, male circumcision is not traditionally practiced in Turkana community with male circumcision rates ranging from 5-10%. The study's sought to identify socio-cultural factors Influencing Medical Circumcision of Males Performed Voluntarily Uptake in Turkana County.

Materials and Methods: Utilizing a researcher-administered survey, KII schedules, and a FGD guide, data was gathered. 434 males made up the sample size. An analytical cross-sectional methodology was used in the investigation. The data was analyzed with SPSS 22. Results showed that of 374 male participants in the study, 79.9% had undergone circumcision, 77.0% were aged 18-35 years, 94.1% were Christians, and 44.7% were unemployed while 54.8% were married. The overall mean scores of responses for socio-cultural factors, psychosocial factors, socio-economic factors, and information sources factors were 3.230 (neutral), 3.602 (positive), 2.894 (negative) and 3.48 (neutral), respectively. 

Findings: The study found that socio-cultural factors was significant predictors of embracing VMMC. Sociocultural factors were about 0.30 times more likely to increase uptake of VMMC [OR=0.301; 95% CI: 0.081-0.52, P=0.007].

Conclusion: The study recommends that policies addressing main VMMC uptake amongst men in Turkana County should incorporate public participation, traditional leaders and local administrators for societal acceptance. There is need for effective sensitization and advocacy for behavioral change, mobilization and ownership of the initiative by the community. Policies should advocate for local leadership training.
Investigating the Causes of Intraregional Challenges of SAARC
Authors: Salihi Abulhassan
Published: January 2024

SAARC is a regional cooperation organization in South Asia that has not played a significant role in regional convergence in South Asia in reducing tensions and solving regional crises since its establishment. Serious challenges among SAARC members have made regional cooperation difficult. The actors in this region view each other with suspicion, which has increased tensions and instability in the region. As the causes of intraregional challenges of SAARC are discussed in this article, the central question raised is: What are the factors of intraregional challenges of SAARC? The hypothesis of this research has been raised as follows: Political differences, land disputes, and border disputes have put regional cooperation among SAARC members under strain and intensified competition, which is discussed in this research. This research is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection is library-based. The current research is important in that it examines the internal challenges among SAARC members and highlights it. The findings of this research indicate that SAARC member countries have become victims of regional political competition, resulting in intensified arms competition, increased poverty, and hindering regional economic and trade development.
Cross-Channel Integration and Consumer Loyalty: Mediating Effect of Consumer Empowerment and Satisfaction
Authors: AYACHI Intissar , TRABELSI Rym ELAMRI
Published: January 2024

The field of marketing is constantly evolving, and consumers’ interactions with brands have changed considerably over time. Companies must therefore adapt by developing effective strategies to attract and retain customers. By adopting a cross-channel strategy, retailers can maintain a strong relationship with them. Our study is based on the stimulus-organism-response model, which conceptualizes how Cross-Channel Integration influences consumers’ feelings of empowerment and satisfaction, thus stimulating their loyalty behavior. A survey was conducted, and an online questionnaire administered to a sample of 255 consumers. The results suggest that Cross-Channel Integration promotes Consumer Loyalty. Consumers’ relationship with retailers is strengthened because they feel more empowered and satisfied with the product and/or service provided.
Impacts of Learner Autonomy on Presentation Skills: Exploring Students’ Perceptions and Experiences
Authors: Zaman Bidisha
Published: January 2024

The study aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of a group of undergraduate students of a private university in Bangladesh regarding the impacts of learner autonomy on their presentation skills and whether it promotes self-regulatory learning in the classroom or not. Using the self-determination theory (SDT), the study analyzed the interview data of twenty students of a poetry course. The findings show a descriptive qualitative research of 20 participants which led to the conclusion that learner autonomy has a great impact on presentation skills. Moreover, the students can overcome the challenges of oral presentation by practicing autonomy in the classroom. Nevertheless, despite having positive aspects the study also focused on the overall limitations of the research area suggesting that to promote learner autonomy, assistance from the educators and institutions is required in a few key areas.
Computer Vision Application: Vehicle Counting and Classification System from Real Time Videos
Authors: Akshay Narendra Thakare  , Palash Kailas Kamble  , Kaushik Prabhakar Patil  , Prof Triveni Rahangdale
Published: January 2024

Traffic analysis is a problem that city planners have been dealing with for years. Smarter methods are developed to analyze traffic and speed up the process. Traffic analysis can record the number of vehicles and vehicle classes in an area at a given time. People have been developing such mechanisms for decades now, but most of them involve using sensors to calculate the direction of moving vehicles and identify vehicles to track vehicle numbers. Although this system has matured over time and is very effective, they are not budget-friendly. The problem is that such systems require periodic maintenance and calibration. Therefore, this project aims to calculate and classify the vehicle based on vision. The system involves capturing frames from video to detect and count vehicles using Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) background subtraction, then classifying vehicles by comparing contour areas with predicted values. A significant contribution of the paper is the comparison of two classification methods. Classification is done using Contour Comparison (CC) and Bag of Features (BoF) methods
Techniques of Subtitling Jokes from English into Arabic
Authors: Mansour Ahmed , Kharraki Abdennour
Published: January 2024

Translating jokes from English into Arabic is a challenging task since jokes are strongly related to their languages and cultures. The task is becoming more challenging due to the subtitling rules, conventions, and constraints. The present study endeavours to investigate the translating techniques used by different Arabic subtitlers in different films to solve the technical, linguistic, and cultural problems of subtitling jokes in different American films. To achieve this pursuit we adopt Baker’s (2011) techniques for translating idioms and adapt them to meet the requirement of the subtitling of jokes’ punchlines, using a qualitative research method. The study reveals that subtitlers always translate the setting of the joke literally except for joke 4. The subtitlers use different translation techniques to render the punchlines; however, some of them fail to trigger a laugh.  Unlike universal jokes, linguistic and cultural jokes are difficult to render. Besides, the subtitlers omit (the entire or part) of the joke which is inappropriate and unacceptable in the host culture.
3D Model Collection for Launch Complex 20
Authors: Collins Lori , Doering Travis
Published: January 2024

These structures and complex were documented with terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and virtual reality imaging systems by the University of South Floridas Center for Digital Heritage and Geospatial Information and point clouds from the TLS survey are presented in this collection. Optimized for viewing on desktop iOS and Android, mobile devices, and available for virtual reality headsets or augmented reality using a mobile device.
3D Model Collection for Launch Complex 5/6 Spin Test Facility
Authors: Collins Lori , Doering Travis
Published: January 2024

These structures and complex were documented with terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and virtual reality imaging systems by the University of South Floridas Center for Digital Heritage and Geospatial Information and point clouds from the TLS survey are presented in this collection. Optimized for viewing on desktop iOS and Android mobile devices and available for virtual reality headsets or augmented reality using a mobile device.
Project Video Showcase Animations
Authors: Collins Lori , Doering Travis
Published: January 2024

Project Video Showcase Animations contains point cloud animations of the terrestrial laser scanning survey content from the project: Three-Dimensional Digital Documentation of Historic Structures at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station: Launch Complex 18, Launch Complex 20, and the Launch Complex / Spin Test Facility.
Indian Herbs a potential source of antimicrobial drugs as Non-antibiotics
Authors:   Himalaya wellness company, Dehradun, Mehmood Zafar , Dixit A. K. , Lata Suman
Published: January 2024

New sources of antimicrobial drugs need to be identified to combat multidrug resistance problem in pathogenic bacteria. Plant extract and phytochemicals demonstrating anti-microbial action needs to be exploited in modern phytomedicine as Non-antibiotics and in combinational therapy. The present investigation reveals the scientific evaluation of the root of Hemidesmus indicus (anantamool) against pathogenic bacteria and it is suggested that this plant could be exploited in the management of infectious diseases caused by the test pathogenic bacteria and Candida albicans in the human system. The in vitro antibacterial activity of 3 different extracts (Hexane, Methanol and Aqueous) was performed. The most active extract was found to be the hexane extract showing the maximum zone of inhibition of 22 mm against Staphylococcus Aureus followed by E.coli (18mm) and Candida Albicans (18mm).
Spermatogenic arrest in guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) after administration of Abrus precatourius seeds
Authors:   Department of Zoology, DBS (PG) College, Dehradun – 248001, Singh S.P. , Saxena Shruti
Published: January 2024

Abrus precatorius seeds are said to possess fertility regulating activity. Hence, the50% alcoholic extract of seeds at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w. administered orally for 60 days to 03 groups (does wise) each includes 05 male Guniea pigs. First group served as control (vehicle treated). After 60 days of feeding of doses the body and genital organ weight were noted histopathological changes were observed in genital organs such as testes, epididymes and vasa deferentia and compared with control animals. The body and genital organ weight were not much affected. A significant weight reduction of genital organ was noted. At higher doses, an arrest of spermatogenesis was observed at various stages in sominiferous tubules. No mature spermatozoa could be seen in somniferous tubular lumen. The epididymes and vasa deferentia were also devoid of spermatozoa. It is concluded that at higher doses, the treated male G. pigs became a zoospermic. It is clearly indicated that the seeds of this plant has potentiality to arrest spermatogenesis in male and thus regulate the fertility of male animals.
Wound Healing Using Electrical Stimulation: A Review
Authors: Farah Jala Jaseem  , Jameel Kadhim Abed  , Ahmed Rashid Ajel  , Noaman Mohammad Noaman
Published: January 2024

The wound healing process is considered one of the most important elements of progress in the health and medical reality alike, because it has a direct impact on the patient’s life, especially those who suffer from chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and others. All over the world, especially in developing countries, many people are exposed to afflictions due to the lack of ability to heal wounds or the delay in their recovery. The healing of wounds is always attributed to the ability of the affected skin to produce an electric current that helps the migration of stem cells and platelets to the place of extraction For the sake of healing, this is why electrical stimulation ES devices played an important role in the process of stimulation and wound treatment through using the high voltage pulsed current HVPC, low voltage pulsed current LVPC, direct current DC or pulse current PC. In this study, we review some of the important works that touched on this field in terms of the aim of their studies and the outcome that was reached, and the results were extracted. We also discuss the problems that faced researchers, especially those problems that Their studies miss it.
Experimental Study of the Wickless Heat Pipe Heat Exchanger by Using Nano Fluid
Authors: Osamah Raad Skheel  , Nabil J. Yasin  , Audai Hussain Al-abbas  , Sumair Ahmed Soomro
Published: January 2024

The use of wickless heat pipe heat exchangers has been improving a wide range of thermal applications such as solar water heaters. Therefore, more scientific research needs to be conducted to improve its performance. In the present study, a wickless heat pipe heat exchanger test rig has been designed and fabricated to investigate the effect of different parameters on its performance. Two different heat pipe working fluids have been used namely pure water and water with nanoparticles (Al2O3) using different fluid volume ratios (20%,40%,60%,80%, and 100%). The concentrations of the nanoparticles in water range between 1.3 and 7 % wt. For the heat exchanger, various inlet hot air temperatures (50, 55, and 60 oC) have been tested at the hot side (heat pipe evaporator) whereas the inlet temperature of the cold side (heat pipe condenser) has been maintained at 20 oC. The effect of airflow Reynolds number has also been examined with a range of 2583-20664. Results showed that the best heat exchanger effectiveness is achieved at a Reynolds number of 10332 and nanoparticles concentration of 7% wt. Also, the use of nanoparticles reduced the thermal resistance in the heat pipe due to the significant reduction in its surface temperature compared to that of pure water.
Facial Recognition Databases: Recent Developments and Review of Methods
Authors: Waleed Ayad  , Siraj Qays  , Asanka G. Perera  , Ali Al-Naji
Published: January 2024

Facial recognition is one of the most important biometrics that many researchers are increasingly studying, as it is used in various applications such as surveillance, security, law enforcement, information, person identification, smart cards, access control, etc. There is a fundamental relationship between the development of facial recognition algorithms and the possibility of the existence of databases of different faces that influence the appearance of the face in a constrained manner. Standard datasets of images of appropriate size for a subject should be accessible to the public to compare the performance and assessment of identification or verification of a facial recognition system. This paper aims to present a review of the most popular 2D unmasked and masked face datasets available in the current century that are accessible for free download or can be certified with an acceptable effort, where these databases are suitable for training and testing 2D face recognition approaches. Also, this review discussed the evaluation metrics for face recognition and their two types of tasks (identification and verification).
STRATEGI DAN CABARAN SEKTOR PENGUATKUASA DEWAN BANDARAYA KOTA KINABALU (DBKK) DALAM MENANGANI ISU SETINGGAN DI BANDARAYA KOTA KINABALU, SABAH
Authors: Datu Nordin Dayang Siti Noorafidah , Md Radzi Marsitah , Abdurahman Rahimin
Published: January 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan tentang strategi dan cabaran sektor penguatkuasa dalam menangani isu setinggan di Dewan Bandaraya Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Setinggan merujuk kepada apa-apa rumah, pondok, bangsal, gerai, sengkuap, tempat perteduhan, kurungan beratap atau apa-apa sambungan atau binaan yang bercantum kepada sesuatu bangunan atau binaan lsin yang dibuat daripada apa-apa juga bahan sebagai tempat kediaman manusia. Objektif utama kajian ini ialah mengenalpasti strategi sektor penguatkuasa dalam menangani isu setinggan serta apakah cabaran yang dihadapi oleh sektor penguatkuasa dalam menangani isu setinggan. Pendekatan utama kajian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang bersandarkan kepada data primer dan data sekunder. Data sumber primer melalui pemerhatian dan temubual. Manakala data sumber sekunder adalah melalui artikel jurnal, buku rujukan akademik dan berita akhbar dalam talian digunakan secara meluas dalam penulisan ini. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan sektor penguatkuasa telah berusaha untuk mengekang masalah ini daripada terus berleluasa dengan mengenalkan Program Sifar Setinggan. Namun begitu, isu setinggan ini perlu dipantau dari semasa ke semasa. Hal ini disebabkan oleh isu setinggan ini tidak boleh dihapuskan secara langsung tetapi boleh dikawal dari semasa ke semasa.
Thermo-Economic Analysis of Gas Turbine Combined Multistage Flash (MSF) Desalination Cycle
Authors: Rau Dr. Entesar. H. Betelmal , Naas Eng. Abdurrauf. M.
Published: January 2024

Over the past few decades, the growth of the earth’s population has increasingly contributed to global warming, and increased demand for fresh water on top of a need for a greater power supply. This paper will analyze the integration of a combined- gas turbine with intercooler and a multi-stage flash (MSF) desalination plant for the simultaneous generation of electricity and supply of water and improved performance. The paper will also examine the calculation of the production cost and the capital cost of the MSF desalination plant. The thermo-economic analysis of the study was conducted using the IPSEpro software system. Also, exergy losses of the gas turbine and MSF desalination unit were also calculated. The desalination plant uses the exhaust gases from the gas turbine, as a form of thermal energy, and discharges to feed the seawater heater. A portion of the desalinated water is used to cool the compressed air in the intercooler heat exchanger. Results indicate the improvement in the gas turbine’s performance when desalinated water is used for the intercooler between compressor stages, as the power output increased by 59% over the the simple gas cycle and found decrease with an increase in the ambient temperature. The desalinated water cost was calculated to be $1.7 per cubic meter after determining the optimal configuration and operating conditions. A decrease in steam cost by 36% was observed when the waste heat from the gas turbine was used as the source of thermal energy. Part of this reduction can be explained by the observation that the desalination plant’s pumps consume part of the power generated by the gas turbine.
Burn Delay Analysis of the Lunar Orbit Insertion for Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter
Authors: Bae Jonghee , Song Young-Joo , Kim Young-Rok , Kim Bangyeop
Published: January 2024

The first Korea lunar orbiter, Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO), has been in development since 2016. After launch, the KPLO will execute several maneuvers to enter into the lunar mission orbit, and will then perform lunar science missions for one year. Among these maneuvers, the lunar orbit insertion (LOI) is the most critical maneuver because the KPLO will experience an extreme velocity change in the presence of the Moon’s gravitational pull. However, the lunar orbiter may have a delayed LOI burn during operation due to hardware limitations and telemetry delays. This delayed burn could occur in different captured lunar orbits; in the worst case, the KPLO could fly away from the Moon. Therefore, in this study, the burn delay for the first LOI maneuver is analyzed to successfully enter the desired lunar orbit. Numerical simulations are performed to evaluate the difference between the desired and delayed lunar orbits due to a burn delay in the LOI maneuver. Based on this analysis, critical factors in the LOI maneuver, the periselene altitude and orbit period, are significantly changed and an additional delta-V in the second LOI maneuver is required as the delay burn interval increases to 10 min from the planned maneuver epoch.
Magellanic Clouds Cepheids: Thorium Abundances
Authors: Jeong Yeuncheol , Yushchenko Alexander V. , Gopka Vira F. , Yushchenko Volodymyr O. , Kovtyukh Valery V. , Vasil’eva Svetlana V.
Published: January 2024

The analysis of the high-resolution spectra of 31 Magellanic Clouds Cepheid variables enabled the identification of thorium lines. The abundances of thorium were found with spectrum synthesis method. The calculated thorium abundances exhibit correlations with the abundances of other chemical elements and atmospheric parameters of the program stars. These correlations are similar for both Clouds. The correlations of iron abundances of thorium, europium, neodymium, and yttrium relative to the pulsational periods are different in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), namely the correlations are negative for LMC and positive or close to zero for SMC. One of the possible explanations can be the higher activity of nucleosynthesis in SMC with respect to LMC in the recent several hundred million years.
N III Bowen Lines and Fluorescence Mechanism in the Symbiotic Star AG Peg
Authors: Hyung Siek , Lee Seong-Jae , Lee Kang Hwan
Published: January 2024

We have investigated the intensities and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the high dispersion spectroscopic N III emission lines of AG Peg, observed with the Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph (HES) in three different epochs at Mt. Hamilton’s Lick Observatory. The earlier theoretical Bowen line study assumed the continuum fluorescence effect, presenting a large discrepancy with the present data. Hence, we analyzed the observed N III lines assuming line fluorescence as the only suitable source: (1) The O III and N III resonance line profiles near λ 374 were decomposed, using the Gaussian function, and the contributions from various O III line components were determined. (2) Based on the theoretical resonant N III intensities, the expected N III Bowen intensities were obtained to fit the observed values. Our study shows that the incoming line photon number ratio must be considered to balance at each N III Bowen line level in the ultraviolet radiation according to the observed lines in the optical zone. We also found that the average FWHM of the N III Bowen lines was about 5 km·s-1 greater than that of the O III Bowen lines, perhaps due to the inherently different kinematic characteristics of their emission zones.
Do Solar Cycles Share Spectral Properties with Tropical Cyclones that Occur in the Western North Pacific Ocean?
Authors: Kim Ki-Beom , Kim Jung-Hee , Chang Heon-Young
Published: January 2024

Understanding solar influences on extreme weather is important. Insight into the causes of extreme weather events, including the solar-terrestrial connection, would allow better preparation for these events and help minimize the damage caused by disasters that threaten the human population. In this study, we examined category three, four, and five tropical cyclones that occurred in the western North Pacific Ocean from 1977 to 2016. We compared long-term trends in the positions of tropical cyclone occurrence and development with variations of the observed sunspot area, the solar North-South asymmetry, and the southern oscillation index (SOI). We found that tropical cyclones formed, had their maximum intensity, and terminated more northward in latitude and more westward in longitude over the period analyzed; they also became stronger during that period. It was found that tropical cyclones cannot be correlated or anti-correlated with the solar cycle. No evidence showing that properties (including positions of occurrence/development and other characteristics) of tropical cyclones are modulated by solar activity was found, at least not in terms of a spectral analysis using the wavelet transform method.
Ensaio sobre o paradoxo da presença no teatro de animação: o duplo é uma iminência?
Authors: Medeiros Fábio Henrique Nunes
Published: January 2024

Este ensaio discute o paradoxo da presença no teatro de animação, focalizado na dúbia relação entre a presença do corpo do ator-animador e a presença do corpo do boneco ou forma animada, levantando questões estéticas e de linguagem, que se evidenciam em formas híbridas. A abordagem enfatiza três perspetivas: a presença velada, relacionada à presença do ator-animador não visível pelo público; um ensaio empírico sobre o campo proximal entre corpo, máscara e boneco; e corpos híbridos, no que tangencia as relações de negociação, composição e ilusão entre os corpos humanos e bonecais.
Conjuring something out of nothing:O Elefante no Meio da Sala, de Vania Doutel Vaz
Authors: Rayner Francesca
Published: January 2024

Crítica ao espectáculo O Elefante no Meio da Sala.
A liberdade era azul: movimentos vitais em Nómadas
Authors: Masotti Rafael
Published: January 2024

Crítica ao espectáculo Nómadas.
Expropriating the canon: on Kathy Acker’s plagiaristic poetics
Authors: Honório Salomé
Published: January 2024

This articletraces some of the key compositional strategies deployed by experimental U.S. writer Kathy Acker (1947–1997). These include citations, pseudo-citations, translations, pseudo-translations, the ventriloquistic exploitation of other authorial signatures, or their figuration within Acker’s own narrative fiction. Given its polyvocal, multi-layered and palimpsestic composition, Blood and Guts in High School(1984) provides a strong example of the poetic and political efficacy of such concerted acts of textual transgression. Conceptually motivated, these speak to a programmatic critique of the forceful authority of the Western tradition, and of Western literature in particular (both as an institution and as a history). By keying into specific moments in Acker’s work, with a particular emphasis on Blood and Guts in High School, this article aims to demonstrate the importance of textual expropriation for Acker’s sustained invectives against the regulatory ideals that definethe contemporary novel, along with those principles governing the legitimacy of literary authorship and literary creativity.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENCETAK RENGGINANG (STUDI KASUS UMKM DESA NANOM KABUPATEN GRESIK)
Authors: Wardhana Dimas Aditya Putra , Septyan Mamat , Rahman Ari Nur
Published: January 2024

Rengginang adalah sejenis kerupuk tebal yang terbuat dari beras ketan yang dibentuk bulat dan dikeringkan dengan cara dijemur dimatahari. Di Desa Nanom Kabupaten Gresik rengginang dibuat dengan cara manual yang kemudian jika sudah siap maka dilakukan penjemuran. Rengginang dalam pembuatannya masih banyak memerlukan tenaga manusia yang apabila melakukan produksi secara banyak akan membuat manusia kelelahan dan pembuatan adonan yang kadang tidak sama diameternya. Berdasarkan permasalahan, solusi untuk mengatasinya adalah pembuatan alat pencetak rengginang yang menggunakan mikrokontroler agar mampu bekerja secara otomatis. Alat ini juga memiliki 4 sensor infrared dan 3 sensor limit switch sebagai pendeteksian objek, menggunakan mekanisme membagikan adonan, menumbuk secara otomatis dan mampu memberikan pelumasan secara otomatis. Alat ini bermanfaat untuk industri rumah tangga yang ingin memproduksi rengginang terutama di Desa Nanom Kabupaten Gresik. Pada alat pencetak rengginang ini terdapat arduino sebagai kontroler yang dapat memudahkan proses pencetakan rengginang dengan rata-rata 5 cetakan dalam 1 menit sebagaimana sebelumnya yang hanya menggunakan tangan secara manual dengan rata-rata 4 cetakan dalam 1 menit. Alat pada proyek akhir ini mampu melakukan pencetakan dengan diameter konsisten dan hemat tenaga manusia.
RANCANG BANGUN PANEL SURYA SEBAGAI ALAT PENGUSIR TIKUS BERBASIS ULTRASONIC
Authors: Choifin M , Afifah Yunita Nur , Lestari Lilla Puji , Prastio Andika Yuli
Published: January 2024

Teknologi panel surya sebagai alat pengusir tikus berbasis ultrasonic di rancang dan di hitung  sesuai dengan kebutuhan guna memudahkan para petani dalam menjaga tanamannya dari serangan tikus yang merusak. Karena, Sebagian besar lahan di indonesia di jadikan sebagai lahan pertanian yang mana banyak para petani yang kerepotan dalam mengusir hama tikus yang menjadi salah satu hama utama yang merusak tanaman pangan. Dengan menggunakan panel surya 50 wp sebagai sumber energi listriknya yang nantinya cahaya matahari akan di konversikan menjadi energi listrik yang di simpan di aki dan timer theben sebagai alat untuk menyambung dan memutuskan arus yang menuju ke buzzer/ultrasonic berfrekuensi 22KHz – 85KHz yang nantinya akan menyala dan membuat tikus merasa terganggu dan lari. Hasil pada penelitian ini dapat di simpulkan tikus akan merasa terganggu dan kebingungan pada frekuensi 50KHz. Dan tegangan tertinggi pada panel surya bernilai sebesar 14,64 volt, dengan arus tertinggi memiliki nilai sebesar 1,164 A. Solar ultrasonic dapat menyala selama 12 jam pada waktu malam hari dengan tegangan sebelum beban tertinggi bernilai 5,242 volt, dan arusnya tertinggi bernilai 0,648 A. Pada pagi sampai sore harinya panel surya kembali menyerap energi matahari dan mengumpulkan energi listriknya pada baterai/aki.
Reviews and syntheses: The clam before the storm – a meta-analysis showing the effect of combined climate change stressors on bivalves
Authors: Kruft Welton Rachel A. , Hoppit George , Schmidt Daniela N. , Witts James D. , Moon Benjamin C.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The impacts of climate change on marine organisms have been increasingly documented in laboratory and experimental studies. However, the use of different taxonomic groupings and the assessment of a range of processes make identifying overall trends challenging. Meta-analysis has been used to determine general trends, but coarse taxonomic granularity may mask phylogenetically specific responses. Bivalve molluscs are a data-rich clade of ecologically and economically important calcifying marine taxa that allow for the assessment of species-specific vulnerability across developmental stages. Drawing on the large body of available literature, we conduct a meta-analysis of 203 unique experimental set-ups in order to examine how bivalve growth responds to increased water temperature, acidity, deoxygenation, and changes in salinity in 10 climate change stressor combinations. This is the most complete examination of bivalve responses to date and shows that anthropogenic climate change will disproportionally affect particular families, suggesting taxonomic differentiation in climate change response. Specifically, Mytilidae, Ostreidae, and Pectinidae (67 % of experiments) respond with negative effect sizes for all individual stressors, whereas responses in Pinnidae, Tellinidae, and Veneridae are more complex. Our analysis shows that earlier studies reporting negative impacts on bivalves are driven by only three or four well-studied, commercially important families. Despite the taxonomic differentiation, almost all drivers and their combinations have significant negative effects on growth. The synergistic impacts of deoxygenation, acidification, and temperature result in the largest negative effect size. Infaunal taxa, including Tellinidae and Veneridae, appear more resistant to warming and oxygen reduction than epifaunal or motile taxa, but this difference between the two taxa is also based on a small number of data points. The current focus of experimental set-ups on commercially important taxa and families within a small geographic range creates gaps in the understanding of global impacts on these economically important foundation organisms.
Investigating the synergistic potential Si and biochar to immobilize soil Ni in a contaminated calcareous soil after Zea mays L. cultivation
Authors: Boostani Hamid Reza , Hardie Ailsa G. , Najafi-Ghiri Mahdi , Bijanzadeh Ehsan , Khalili Dariush , Farrokhnejad Esmaeil
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Silicon (Si) is a beneficial plant element that has been shown to mitigate the effects of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) on crops. Biochar is a soil amendment that sequesters soil carbon, and that can immobilize PTEs and enhance crop growth in soils. Considering these beneficial properties, it remains to be investigated how the simultaneous utilization of Si and biochars affects PTEs immobilization in soils. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the interaction effects of Si levels and biochars, to alleviate soil Ni bioavailability and its corresponding uptake in corn (Zea Mays) in a calcareous soil. A 90-day factorial greenhouse study with corn was conducted. Si application levels were applied at 0 (S0), 250 (S1) and 500 (S2) mg Si kg-1 soil and biochar treatments (3 % wt.) included rice husk (RH) and sheep manure (SM) biochars produced at 300 °C and 500 °C (SM300, SM500, RH300 and RH500). At harvest, corn shoot Ni-concentrations, soil chemical Ni fractions and DPTA-release kinetics were determined. Simultaneous utilization of Si and SM biochars led to a synergistic reduction (15–36 %) of soluble and exchangeable soil Ni fractions compared to application of Si (5–9 %) and SM (5–7 %) biochars separately. The application of the Si and biochars also decreased DPTA-extractable Ni and corn Ni shoot concentration (by up to 57 %), with the combined application of SM500+S2 being the most effective. These effects were attributed to the transformation of Ni from more bioavailable fractions to more stable iron oxide bound fractions, related to soil pH increase. The SM500 was likely the most effective biochar due to its higher alkalinity and lower acidic functional group content which enhanced Ni sorption reactions with Si. The study demonstrates the synergistic potential Si and sheep manure biochar at immobilizing Ni in contaminated calcareous soils.
Gas equilibrium membrane inlet mass spectrometry (GE-MIMS) for water at high pressure
Authors: Brennwald Matthias S. , Rinaldi Antonio P. , Gisiger Jocelyn , Zappone Alba , Kipfer Rolf
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Gas species are widely used as natural or artificial tracers to study fluid dynamics in environmental and geological systems. The recently developed gas equilibrium membrane inlet mass spectrometry (GE-MIMS) method is most useful for accurate and autonomous on-site quantification of dissolved gases in aquatic systems. GE-MIMS works by pumping water through a gas equilibrator module containing a gas headspace, which is separated from the water by a gas-permeable membrane. The partial pressures of the gas species in the headspace equilibrate with the gas concentrations in the water according to Henry's Law and are quantified with a mass spectrometer optimized for low gas consumption (miniRUEDI or similar). However, the fragile membrane structures of the commonly used equilibrator modules break down at water pressures ≳3 bar. These modules are therefore not suitable for use in deep geological systems or other environments with high water pressures. To this end, the SysMoG® MD membrane module (Solexperts AG, Switzerland; “SOMM”) was developed to withstand water pressures of up to 100 bar. Compared to the conventionally used GE-MIMS equilibrator modules, the mechanically robust construction of the SOMM module entails slow and potentially incomplete gas–water equilibration. We tested the gas equilibration efficiency of the SOMM and developed an adapted protocol that allows correct operation of the SOMM for GE-MIMS analysis at high water pressures. This adapted SOMM GE-MIMS technique exhibits a very low gas consumption from the SOMM to maintain the gas–water equilibrium according to Henry's Law and provides the same analytical accuracy and precision as the conventional GE-MIMS technique. The analytical potential of the adapted SOMM GE-MIMS technique was demonstrated in a high-pressure fluid migration experiment in an underground rock laboratory. The new technique overcomes the pressure limitations of conventional gas equilibrators and thereby opens new opportunities for efficient and autonomous on-site quantification of dissolved gases in high-pressure environments, such as in research and monitoring of underground storage of CO2 and waste deposits or in the exploration of natural resources.
Seasonal dynamics and spatial patterns of soil moisture in a loess catchment
Authors: Liu Shaozhen , van Meerveld Ilja , Zhao Yali , Wang Yunqiang , Kirchner James W.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The spatial and seasonal patterns in soil moisture and the processes controlling them in semi-arid landscapes are not well understood. Loess landscapes minimize any confounding effects of variation in soil characteristics and are thus ideal for studying topographic influences on soil moisture in drylands. In this study, volumetric soil moisture was monitored monthly for 5.5 years at 20 cm intervals between the surface and 5 m depth at 89 sites across a small (0.43 km2) catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau. The median soil moisture was computed for each month and depth for each monitoring site as a measure of the typical soil moisture conditions. Seasonal changes in soil moisture were mainly concentrated in the shallow (0–100 cm) soil, with a clear seasonal separation between wet conditions in October–March and dry conditions in May–July, even though precipitation is highest in July–August. Soil moisture was higher on the northwest-facing slopes due to increased drying from solar radiation on the southeast-facing slopes. This effect of slope aspect was greater between October and March, when the zenith angle of the sun was lower and the aspect-dependent difference in solar radiation reaching the surface was larger. The wetter, northwest-facing slopes were also characterized by larger annual soil moisture storage changes. Soil texture was nearly uniform across both slopes, and soil moisture was not correlated with the topographic wetness index, suggesting that variations in evapotranspiration dominated the spatial pattern of soil moisture in shallow soils under both wet and dry conditions. Water balance calculations indicate that over 90 % of the annual precipitation was seasonally cycled in the soil between 0 and 300 cm, suggesting that only a minor fraction infiltrates to groundwater and becomes streamflow. Our findings may be broadly applicable to loess regions with monsoonal climates and may have practical implications for catchment-scale hydrologic modeling and the design of soil moisture monitoring networks.
Estimating emergency costs for earthquakes and floods in Central Asia based on modelled losses
Authors: Berny Emilio , Avelar Carlos , Salgado-Gálvez Mario A. , Ordaz Mario
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Estimating the emergency costs for disasters is of high relevance in the design of any comprehensive disaster risk management strategy. These costs usually include the ones associated with the immediate response aimed to provide the required safety and emergency attention, and those of debris removal and disposal. Over the time, and in different regions of the world, several research efforts have been carried out for the quantification of the emergency costs and have been usually associated with those of the direct losses. Also, previous studies have been typically carried out in the aftermath of large disasters, and to the best of our knowledge, no specific quantification of the emergency costs has been carried out in Central Asia. This paper presents a methodology, which has been applied in five countries in Central Asia using historical and synthetic events, to estimate the emergency costs as a function of modelled direct losses for earthquakes and floods, taking into account the demographic and building characteristics. The methodology allows the prospective estimation of the total emergency costs, so that they can be considered in the planning and budgeting of the emergency and recovery phases, as well as in disaster risk financing initiatives. It was found that the average emergency response costs for earthquakes and floods in Central Asia show good agreement with those previously estimated at other locations as a function of the direct losses; however, this methodology allows differentiating between different types of events allowing a better description and understanding of these needs.
COMPARISON OF LEGAL REGULATION OF A CONVERTIBLE LOAN AGREEMENT IN THE USA AND RUSSIA
Authors: ТРОФИМОВ И.П.
Published: January 2024

Cтатья посвящена актуальным аспектам регулирования договора конвертируемого займа по законодательству России и США. Отмечается, что в американской практике договор конвертируемого займа пользуется широкой популярностью, в связи с чем была разработана и адаптирована его стандартизированная форма (договорная конструкция SAFE). В России договор конвертируемого займа является новеллой, при- кладная значимость которой не вызывает сомнений. Тем не менее в гражданском законодательстве данное соглашение не нашло отражения. Отечественные юридические сервисы предприняли попытку адаптации аме- риканского опыта в направлении разработки единого стандарта договора конвертируемого займа. Представ- ляется, что в ближайшей перспективе необходимо продолжать активную регуляторную и практическую работу в направлении совершенствования механизма применения конвертируемого займа.

This article is devoted to topical aspects of regulation of the convertible loan agreement under the legislation of Russia and the USA. It is noted that in American practice, the convertible loan agreement is widely popular, and therefore its standardized form (the SAFE contractual construction) has been developed and adapted. In Russia, the convertible loan agreement is a novel, the applied significance of which is beyond doubt. However, this agreement has not been reflected in civil legislation. Domestic legal services have attempted to adapt the American experience in the direction of developing a single standard for a convertible loan agreement. It seems that in the near future it is necessary to continue active regulatory and practical work towards improving the mechanism for applying a convertible loan.
ON THE PROBLEMS OF APPLYING INTERNATIONAL TREATIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR COUNTERING HYBRID MISMATCH ARRANGEMENTS
Authors: ХАРИН А.К.
Published: January 2024

Данная статья посвящена анализу основных правовых и политических проблем применения существующих положений международных договоров Российской Федерации по вопросам налогообложения, направленных на противодействие гибридным налоговым схемам.

This article is devoted to the analysis of the main legal and political problems of applying the existing provisions of international tax treaties of the Russian Federation, aimed at countering hybrid mismatch arrangements.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF REASONABLENESS AND GOOD FAITH IN CIVIL LAW
Authors: ПЕРЕГУДОВА В.В.
Published: January 2024

Понятия разумности и добросовестности очень подробно рассматриваются в нескольких поло- жениях Гражданского кодекса Российской Федерации. Существует несколько факторов, которые способству- ют интересу к научным и прикладным исследованиям концепций разумности и добросовестности. Судебная практика в России показывает, что судьи, разрешая дела, руководствуются принципами разумности и добросо- вестности. Они стремятся к разумности и справедливости, учитывая интересы обеих сторон. Однако основой их решений является Гражданский кодекс. В случаях, когда Кодекс неоднозначен, судьи имеют право толковать его положения и принимать решения, учитывая вышеупомянутые принципы. Таким образом, судебная практика России сочетает добросовестность и разумность, предоставляя возможность применять закон в соответствии с конкретными обстоятельствами дела.

The concepts of reasonableness and good faith are discussed in great detail in several provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. There are several factors that contribute to the interest in scientific and applied research of the concepts of reasonableness and integrity. Judicial practice in Russia shows that judges, when resolving cases, are guided by the principles of reasonableness and good faith. They strive for reasonableness and justice, taking into account the interests of both sides. However, the basis of their decisions is the Civil Code. In cases where the Code is not unambiguous, judges have the right to interpret its provisions and make decisions, taking into account the above-mentioned principles. Thus, the judicial practice of Russia combines good faith and reasonableness, providing an opportunity to apply the law in accordance with the specific circumstances of the case.