bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Focused Ultrasound for Pediatric Diseases
Authors: Janwadkar Rohan , Leblang Suzanne , Ghanouni Pejman , Brenner Jacqueline , Ragheb John , Hennekens Charles H. , Kim AeRang , Sharma Karun
Published: February 2022

Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a noninvasive therapeutic technology with multiple pediatric clinical applications. The ability of focused ultrasound to target tissues deep in the body without exposing children to the morbidities associated with conventional surgery, interventional procedures, or radiation offers significant advantages. In 2021, there are 10 clinical pediatric focused ultrasound studies evaluating various musculoskeletal, oncologic, neurologic, and vascular diseases of which 8 are actively recruiting and 2 are completed. Pediatric musculoskeletal applications of FUS include treatment of osteoid osteoma and bone metastases using thermal ablation and high-intensity FUS. Pediatric oncologic applications of FUS include treatment of soft tissue tumors including desmoid tumors, malignant sarcomas, and neuroblastoma with high-intensity FUS ablation alone, or in combination with targeted chemotherapy delivery. Pediatric neurologic applications include treatment of benign tumors such as hypothalamic hamartomas with thermal ablation and malignant diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma with low-intensity FUS for blood brain barrier opening and targeted drug delivery. Additionally, low-intensity FUS can be used to treat seizures. Pediatric vascular applications of FUS include treatment of arteriovenous malformations and twin-twin transfusion syndrome using ablation and vascular occlusion. FUS treatment appears safe and efficacious in pediatric populations across many subspecialties. Although there are 7 Food and Drug Administration–approved indications for adult applications of FUS, the first Food and Drug Administration approval for pediatric patients with osteoid osteoma was obtained in 2020. This review summarizes the preclinical and clinical research on focused ultrasound of potential benefit to pediatric populations.
Cardiogenic Shock Management and Research: Past, Present, and Future Outlook
Authors: Ott Sascha , Leser Laura , Lanmüller Pia , Just Isabell A , Leistner David Manuel , Potapov Evgenij , O’Brien Benjamin , Klages Jan
Published: February 2022

Although great strides have been made in the pathophysiological understanding, diagnosis and management of cardiogenic shock (CS), morbidity and mortality in patients presenting with the condition remain high. Acute MI is the commonest cause of CS; consequently, most existing literature concerns MI-associated CS. However, there are many more phenotypes of patients with acute heart failure. Medical treatment and mechanical circulatory support are well-established therapeutic options, but evidence for many current treatment regimens is limited. The issue is further complicated by the fact that implementing adequately powered, randomized controlled trials are challenging for many reasons. In this review, the authors discuss the history, landmark trials, current topics of medical therapy and mechanical circulatory support regimens, and future perspectives of CS management.
Triggering Factors that Reinforce or Change EFL Preservice Teachers’ Beliefs during the Practicum
Authors: Periñan-Morales Abel Andrés , Viáfara-González John Jairo , Arcila-Valencia José Alexander
Published: February 2022

This exploratory case study seeks to examine the role that specific factors exert on the evolution of beliefs in preservice English teachers during their final teaching practicum. Data were collected through reflections, interviews, focus groups, and observations. The findings revealed that three groups of factors affect belief evolution during the practicum: participant subjectivity, contextual circumstances, and university support community. Subjectivities encompassed preservice teachers’ fears, reactions to real-life teaching challenges, and enthusiasm to become teachers. Contextual circumstances incorporated classroom circumstances and cooperating teachers. The university support community concerned their peers and the university tutor. Implications discuss the relevance of curricular and reflective agendas that enrich the education of future teachers through beliefs exploration.
Disciplinary Power Lying Behind the Requisite of English Language Mastery in International Scholarships
Authors: Forero-Mondragón Alber Josué , Quintero-Polo Álvaro Hernán
Published: February 2022

This article reports a study about how the discourse of standard English exercises disciplinary power in five international scholarships programs. This research interest arises from problematizing the discourse of standard English present in the requisite of proficiency certification through so-called valid tests. Adapting Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis model, we analyzed a corpus of five scholarship calls for applications open from 2011 to 2014. Findings reveal that the discourse of standard English entangles with the discourses of globalization, education quality, and competitiveness and qualifications to serve as the path to the construction of the subjects’ scholarship applicants. In this entanglement, school is set as a breeding ground whose disciplinary techniques (e.g., test training) objectivize people to satisfy multinational corporations’ hiring processes.
Plurality of Voices in Reflecting Upon the Research Process: Trajectories of Collaboration in an Argentinian Setting
Authors: Porto Melina , Pesci Anahí , Riva Mariela
Published: February 2022

This article describes the trajectories of collaboration experienced by three individuals in three different roles (informant, research assistant, and supervisor) in two research projects about English as a foreign language reading in a higher education context in Argentina. Data come from reflection logs and retrospective narratives written by them from 2009 to 2016 which were analyzed using content analysis, focusing on a continuum of collaboration. The article aligns with the critique of the discourse of “newer researcher” as a linear developmental trajectory as it illustrates the participants’ fluid, critical, complex, and personally relevant pathways. Placed within the debate regarding the affordances, complexities and challenges of the measured university, this research contributes perspectives from a peripheral setting generally underrepresented in the literature.
Children’s Social Representations of English Teaching and Learning: A Study in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Cadavid-Munera Isabel Cristina
Published: February 2022

This article reports the findings of a qualitative interpretive research study that explored the social representations children have about the teaching and learning of English as a foreign language in elementary schools in Medellín, Colombia. Sixty children in first, third, and fifth grades of public and private schools participated in the study. Techniques such as drawings, pretend play, conversations, and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Three analogies summarize children’s perceptions in this study: learning as “echo,” teaching as a power instrument, and English as a tool to “survive” or to “live and interact with others.” Finally, a reflection and some implications for the teaching of English to children are presented.
Enunciado e ideologia em tirinhas da personagem Rã Zinza no contexto pandêmico
Authors: Andrade Francisco Rogiellyson da Silva , Andrade Flavia Hatsumi Izumida , Ribeiro Pollyanne Bicalho
Published: February 2022

Este texto analisa, sob o viés da Análise Dialógica do Discurso, tirinhas da personagem Rã Zinza, de Rafael Marçal, acerca do contexto pandêmico do novo coronavírus. Os pressupostos teóricos que abalizam a análise advêm da Filosofia da Linguagem proposta pelo Círculo de Bakhtin, principalmente no que se refere aos conceitos de enunciado e ideologia, aquele visto como elo da interação discursiva que possibilita o processo de reflexo e refração desta. Metodologicamente, empreendemos uma análise dialógica dos enunciados conformados em quatro tirinhas produzidas por Marçal no contexto pandêmico. O cotejo analítico permitiu perceber que, no cronotopo pandêmico brasileiro, ideologias de esquerda e de direita se embatem acerca da crença quanto ao perigo do vírus à humanidade, o que revela não somente uma crise sanitária, tal como vivenciada na maioria dos países assolados pela pandemia, mas também a polarização político-partidária que caracteriza a realidade brasileira em todas as frentes sociais que lhe concernem.
Carnavalização
Authors: Silva Matheus Victor
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo aponta para a atualidade da discussão de Bakhtin acerca da cultura popular para os estudos da estética do grotesco. Nesse sentido, propomos uma discussão acerca da compreensão de Bakhtin sobre o grotesco a partir de seu estudo da festa popular e do dialogismo carnavalesco, de modo a compreender as manifestações do realismo grotesco no campo da carnavalização, pontuando elementos essenciais, embora pouco discutidos ainda hoje em sua teoria, sobretudo a capacidade renovadora e o alargamento cosmovisionário operados pela estética grotesca nas manifestações artísticas. A seguir, buscamos contrapô-la aos estudos mais recentes acerca do grotesco, como os de Rémi Astruc, buscando demonstrar não só sua atualidade, como também suas potenciais contribuições para esse campo de pesquisa.
A relação entre a linguagem e a memória no atendimento clínico-terapêutico sob a perspectiva bakhtiniana
Authors: Oliveira Marcus Vinicius Borges
Published: February 2022

Este texto apresenta um percurso de estudos sobre a relação entre a linguagem e a memória dentro do escopo dos estudos bakhtinianos, inicialmente sobre as palavras na ponta da língua e, posteriormente, no estudo das dificuldades de encontrar palavras, principalmente, nas síndromes demenciais. Neste contexto, busco refletir com o Círculo de Bakhtin sobre o elo entre o caráter individual e coletivo das memórias e aponto para a relevância dessa discussão no entendimento das fronteiras entre o normal e o patológico na relação entre linguagem e memória, sobretudo no envelhecimento.
A revolta da vacina e as valorações verticalizadas na dinâmica discursiva das redes sociais digitais Facebook e Instagram
Authors: Xavier Manassés Morais , Lima Fábio Alves Prado de Barros
Published: February 2022

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos dialógico-discursivos em publicações e em comentários a essas publicações sobre a difusão e o impacto das vacinas para COVID-19 no contexto brasileiro, compreendendo as axiologias nas construções de enunciados on-line feitos por usuários do Facebook e do Instagram e descrevendo as relações entre os indivíduos para o uso das redes sociais enquanto ecossistemas de interação discursiva. Como correntes teóricas, estamos vinculados à Teoria Dialógica da Linguagem e aos estudos sobre as redes sociais digitais. Trata-se de uma abordagem qualitativa e de pesquisa netnográfica. Portais de (web)jornalismo e de divulgação científica no Facebook e no Instagram servem de geração de dados para esta pesquisa, com ênfase em publicações sobre as decisões governamentais e o desenvolvimento das vacinas. Os resultados apontam que a posição discursiva assumida pela página promove engajamentos diferentes, oscilando entre relações verticalizadas entre os sujeitos e discussões horizontalizadas com cunho educacional.
Palavra e Gênero
Authors: Batista Adriana Danielski
Published: February 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma análise teórico-discursiva sobre o funcionamento da palavra e sua relação com gênero em que figura, ressaltando a indissociabilidade dos aspectos plasticidade e coercitividade.  De acordo com a teoria bakhtiniana, a palavra constitui uma arena onde a plasticidade se instaura, mas, ao mesmo tempo, é confrontada pela coercitividade do gênero. Registra-se, ainda, que existem variados níveis de plasticidade que perpassam a língua. Há gêneros mais coercitivos, que impõem à palavra um funcionamento discursivo mais estável, em que a coexistência de diferentes vozes sociais são coibidas. Em contrapartida, existem gêneros extremamente plásticos, os quais propiciam maior mobilidade à palavra, que, por sua vez, imprime maleabilidade ao gênero. No entanto, mesmo que a palavra seja essencialmente plástica, seu funcionamento sempre é condicionado pelo gênero. Para demonstrar como esses pressupostos funcionam na materialidade concreta da língua, são apresentados possíveis orientações para a análise sobre o funcionamento da palavra e sua íntima relação com o gênero, tendo como escopo teórico alguns dos conceitos filosóficos e linguísticos postulados por Bakhtin e seu Círculo.
Contribuições bakhtinianas para um feminismo dialógico
Authors: Fanti Maria da Glória Di , Boenavides Débora Luciene Porto , Martins Luciane Alves Branco
Published: February 2022

Há mais de 170 anos, feministas questionam o conceito de mulheridade, observando como a definição do que é ser mulher perpassa múltiplas e complexas questões. A diversidade da categoria “mulher” impulsionou a construção de vários conceitos, teorias e metodologias no arcabouço feminista, tais como a interseccionalidade, o lugar de fala, a teoria do ponto de vista, os saberes localizados, o feminismo negro, o feminismo decolonial, o feminismo dialógico, entre outros. Lídia Puigvert e Márcia Tiburi têm teorizado sobre o feminismo dialógico, demonstrando que é possível pensar em um feminismo que, por meio de um posicionamento ético, como um lugar de fala e de escuta, de diálogo e de solidariedade entre diferentes vozes, perceba as desigualdades sociais e lute contra as diversas formas de opressão. Neste artigo, visamos desenvolver uma reflexão a partir do cotejamento de ideias propostas por Lídia Puigvert e Márcia Tiburi sobre o feminismo dialógico com alguns conceitos propostos por Mikhail Bakhtin, verificando de que modo o pensamento bakhtiniano pode colaborar para um feminismo dialógico. Com esta reflexão, é possível observar que muitos conceitos elaborados por Bakhtin, como diálogo, relações dialógicas, heterodiscurso, posições axiológicas, ato ético, alteridade e excedente de visão, podem contribuir para um feminismo dialógico, tanto como teoria quanto como práxis, iluminando facetas de uma abordagem de alto poder heurístico para promover espaços democráticos plurais.
A proposta dialógica do Círculo bakhtiniano
Authors: Di Fanti Glória , Paula Luciane de , Ponzio Luciano
Published: February 2022

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Persepsi Siswa Terhadap Tayangan The Story Of Rohingya
Authors: Pratiwi Virgina Juniar , AS Enjang , Paryati Paryati
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAK

Tayangan The Story Of Rohingya merupakan salah satu tayangan televisi yang bermanfaat dan dapat dijadikan alternatif oleh siswa Broadcasting SMKN 10 untuk menonton tayangan tersebut, karena didalamnya mengandung unsur pengetahuan dan wawasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang bagaimana siswa Broadcasting SMKN 10 Bandung melakukan proses seleksi, interpretasi dan reaksi terhadap tayangan The Story Of Rohingya. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode studi deskriptif kuantitatif, yaitu data yang diperoleh dari sampel populasi dianalisis sesuai dengan metode statistika. Metode ini digunakan untuk memperoleh data secara maksimal sesuai dengan teori yang digunakan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap 61 responden menunjukan bahwa persepsi siswa Broadcasting SMKN 10 Bandung terhadap tayangan The Story Of Rohingya NET TV adalah baik. Hal itu terjadi karena kemampuan siswa dalam menyaring, mengorganisir dan menafsirkan tayangan melalui proses seleksi, interpetasi serta reaksi sehingga mendapatkan hasil yang positif.

Kata Kunci :  Tayangan; Berita Konflik; Teori Persepsi; Teori Individual

ABSTRACT

The Story of Rohingya is a television program that is useful and can be used as an alternative by Broadcasting students in Vocational High School 10 to watch the program, because it contains elements of knowledge and insight. This study aims to find out about how Broadcasting students at Vocational High School 10 Bandung conducted a selection, interpretation and reaction process for the The Story of Rohingya. The method used is descriptive quantitative study method, ie data obtained from population samples are analyzed according to statistical methods. This method is used to obtain maximum data in accordance with the theory used. Based on the results of the study of 61 respondents, the perception of Broadcasting students at Vocational High School 10 Bandung on the The Story of Rohingya NET TV shows was good. This happens because of the ability of students to filter, organize and interpret impressions through the process of selection, interpretation and reaction so that they get positive results.

 

Keywords: Impressions; Conflict News; Theory Perception; Theory Individual Differentces
Many Buddhas
Authors: Appleton Naomi
Published: February 2022

Part A of the volume introduces the Avadānaśataka and its themes and concerns, with a particular focus on placing the first four chapters of the text – those translated in Part B of the volume – into the context of developing ideas about the Buddha and buddhahood. After a general introduction to the text, the discussion moves through themes that are core to each of the chapters under discussion: the many buddhas of the past and future who feature in chapters 1 and 2; the past lives of the most recent Buddha, Śākyamuni, which are related in chapters 2 and 4; and the pratyekabuddhas (beings awakened in times of no Buddhism) of chapter 3. The discussion then uses features common to the whole text, including miracles, aspirations and predictions, to mount an argument that the Avadānaśataka treads a fine line between acknowledging the validity of the three paths to awakening (full buddhahood, pratyekabuddhahood and arhatship) while clearly placing full buddhahood at the pinnacle. Furthermore, even within the category of full buddhas, Śākyamuni Buddha takes centre stage as the miracle-working, prediction-making, magical-smiling, utterly awe-inspiring Buddha of our time.
Fourth Decade (Stories 31-40)
Authors: Appleton Naomi
Published: February 2022

The ten stories of the fourth chapter are “jātaka” stories, or tales of the past-lives of Śākyamuni Buddha in times of no Buddhism. Most are tales of the extraordinarily virtuous deeds carried out by the Buddha-to-be, including several bodily sacrifice stories. Two stories have more of an emphasis on demonstrating the results of bad karma. All of the stories are placed within frame narratives in which Śāyamuni Buddha explains what lesson should be taken by his followers. The final story interweaves Śākyamuni’s recruitment of his final personal disciple on his deathbed with both a story of his past-life saving of that same disciple and a separate story of the disciple’s own encounter with a past buddha.
Solving the problem of one-dimensional thermal conductivity on graphics processors using CUDA technology
Authors:   Siberian State Industrial University, Sechenov Pavel , Rybenko Inna ,   Siberian State Industrial University
Published: February 2022

A mathematical model for solving the problem of one-dimensional thermal conductivity has been developed and implemented programmatically. The purpose of the simulation is to compare the performance of algorithms on the central and graphics processors. The task of parallelization is relevant, since back in 2015 the number of stream processors in the most powerful video card was 2816, and in 2021 there were video cards with 10 496 stream processors. Applications running on NVIDIA GPUs demonstrate greater performance per dollar of invested funds and per watt of energy consumed compared to implementations built on the basis of central processors alone. This is confirmed by the high demand for video cards from miners, which has led to a 1.5-2.5 times increase in the price of video cards at the moment. The requirements for the hardware and software components necessary for the start of modeling are presented. Three methods of finite difference approximation are implemented: explicit, implicit and Crank-Nicolson on the central and graphics processors. The programming languages chosen are C (CPU) and CUDA C (GPU). For a well-parallelized task, when each thread is executed separately and it does not need data from other threads, the acceleration of calculations on the video card increased up to 60 times (an entry-level video card was used). The CUDA C language appeared relatively recently in 2006 and has a number of features when implementing a parallel algorithm. For the selected schemes: explicit, implicit, Crank-Nicolson, at each iteration, it is necessary to access neighboring threads and synchronize the threads. Synchronization of threads occurs in such a way that all threads wait for the slowest of them at each iteration, so solving problems using finite-difference approximation will be performed slower. A fragment of code on a GPU for implementing the Crank-Nicolson scheme is presented. The implementation of the Crank-Nicolson scheme requires the use of fast shared memory for data exchange between threads. The amount of shared memory is limited and affects the number of cells in the grid. The use of graphics cards gave a significant increase in execution speed even on an entry-level card with a number of 384 stream processors. The article presents a comparative analysis of the computing speed for different grid sizes from 1024 to 4000, as well as for different amounts of computing volumes in one thread.
A method for solving the problem of optimizing the distribution of an integer resource
Authors:   Tver State Agricultural Academy, Ganicheva Antonina , Ganichev Alexey ,   Tver State Technical University
Published: February 2022

The problem of optimizing the distribution of an integer resource (funds) by tasks (activities, goals) is investigated. The methods investigating this problem relate to the field of combinatorial optimization, namely, to the tasks of assigning goals. The known methods for solving this problem are numerical, selective, approximate, require a large number of iterations, do not involve checking the conditions for the existence of an integer solution, in some cases they can produce a solution not only far from optimal, but also violating the range of acceptable values of variables. The purpose of this work is to develop a new analytical method for solving the problem of the distribution of integer resources by the method of indefinite Lagrange multipliers. To do this, the allocated resources are represented as the sum of the integer and fractional parts of the number. The conditions are formulated and proved when the fractional parts of the variables of the solution of the problem are zero, that is, it is an integer. A theorem (criterion for the existence of an integer solution) is proved, which determines the necessary and sufficient conditions under which the solution of the problem exists and is found according to the algorithm developed in the article. Such conditions include the homogeneity of resources, as well as additional conditions (restrictions on integers and positivity of additional derived formula conditions of the problem). It is shown that the obtained solution of the problem corresponds to the maximum of the objective function. An algorithm for finding an integer solution to the problem of resource allocation by the method of indeterminate Lagrange multipliers is developed and a specific example is analyzed. The method described in this article can be used for the allocation of resources in industrial production, agriculture, organizational management systems, educational process, solving issues of target allocation in military affairs, building information systems, techno sphere security, emergency response, creating systems for the protection of objects and alarm systems. In this case, it is necessary to adapt it to the problems and tasks under consideration. It can also be used for the distribution of life-supporting resources: food, clothing, heat, electricity, gas, water supply.
Models and methods for automating the analysis of logging for the tasks of geographically distributed socio-economic systems
Authors:   Bryansk State Technical University, Leonov Jurii , Kuz'menko Aleksandr ,   Bryansk State Technical University, Filippov Rodion ,   Bryansk State Technical University, Filippova Liudmila ,   Bryansk State Technical University, Sazonova Anna ,   Bryansk State Technical University
Published: February 2022

Forests play a crucial role in maintaining the Earth's global biodiversity and preserving the ecological balance. In general, forest cover around the world is crucial and is an important indicator of the overall level of health on the planet. It is well known that forests properly purify the air, preserve watersheds, prevent erosion, improve water quality and provide natural resources. In addition, forests help in the face of global warming and absorb a lot of carbon dioxide, which is the main greenhouse gas, thus helping to protect the globe from climate change. In many cases, the range or extent of illegal logging cannot be accurately calculated, mainly due to the nature of the activity. It is estimated that illegal forest activities worldwide lead to the loss of approximately 10-15 billion US dollars in annual government revenues. In the mid-1990s, illicit trade accounted for almost 15% of world trade. In addition, it was pointed out that in the most vulnerable forest regions, more than half of all logging operations were carried out illegally. Despite recent work on environmental initiatives and the development of various tools for monitoring export forest products, more than ever before, it is necessary to use systems to detect illegal logging. Over the past decades, the development of remote sensing technologies, as well as advances in information and communication technologies (ICT), have made it possible to use automated or semi-automatic surveillance solutions in vast areas such as forests. Technologies such as video surveillance, wireless surveillance systems, aerial photographs and satellite images are used. The article discusses the main approaches for analyzing changes in the area of logging. These methods can be used in real time by studying and comparing changes in the areas of forest stands.
Inclusion of learners’ views in safety and security matters at schools
Authors: Mabasa Layane Thomas
Published: February 2022

Violence and bullying in schools keep escalating and have become a world-wide problem – also in South Africa. This problem is continuing unabated, despite the different intervention strategies in place. Intervention strategies include the Child-Friendly Schools (CFS) programme, the National School Safety Framework (NSSF), the Safe Schools Programme (SSP), the Hlayiseka Early Warning System, the Care and Support for Teaching and Learning (CSTL) framework, Speak Out, We Care, and the life orientation curriculum. As part of the intervention strategies, learners’ views should be included in the decision-making process. With this article I intend to report on a study that was conducted on the inclusion of learners’ views in matters focusing on safety and security at schools. A qualitative approach was used in the study. Observation, interviewing, and document analysis were used as methods of data generation. Data were analysed by developing themes. The findings reveal that learners’ views were not included in matters related to safety and security at schools. I argue that the main reason for the continuing violence is that stakeholders who are in authority do not include the views of learners in the development and the implementation of safety and security strategies. I suggest that all stakeholders should be assisted in understanding the value of an inclusive approach in the decision-making process.
Re-imaging support for beginner teachers in relation to initial teacher education policy in South Africa
Authors: Esau Dorothy E. , Maarman Rouaan
Published: February 2022

Findings from a recent study highlight beginner teacher’s perceptions about the nature of support they had received to enhance their competencies (Esau, 2017). Against this backdrop, with this article we aim at problematising support for beginner teachers in relation to the National Policy Framework for Teacher Education and Development in South Africa of 2006. This teacher education policy stipulates principles that require of a novice teacher to assume specific roles and responsibilities which they find difficult to fulfil. The findings reveal that compliance with this policy is inhibited by the fact that teachers feel ill-prepared and unsupported on entering the teaching profession. Investigating the nature of support of beginner teachers, therefore, provides an opportunity to re-imagine both teacher education and context. In this article we highlight the risk evaluations of beginner teachers using Amartye Sen’s Capability Approach (CA).
Key mechanisms of the relationship between vitamin D and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Sytaya Yu. S.
Published: February 2022

Recent research indicates that vitamin D does indeed have a wide range of biological effects beyond its regulating function of bone and mineral homeostasis. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with leading predictors of cardiovascular risk, such as obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. In addition, it plays a role in the disease progression and worsening of the prognosis in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. An analysis was made of studies aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of vitamin D therapy in order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular pathologies, as well as improve the clinical course and outcomes in patients with existing metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases.
Acute coronary syndrome in patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting. Literature review
Authors: Barbarash O. L. , Tarasov R. S. , Ganyukov V. I.
Published: February 2022

Invasive management of patients with ST- segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (ST-ACS) and non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) is a priority and reflected in the current guidelines for management of this category of patients with a high evidence level (class I, level of evidence A). One of the limitations in invasive strategy is prior coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with multivessel artery coronary disease. This analytical review reflects modern ideas about the features of diagnosis and management of patients with acute coronary syndrome and previous coronary artery bypass surgery, approaches to revascularization from the standpoint of efficiency and safety.
Prediction of clinical course in patients with diffuse coronary artery disease after coronary bypass surgery
Authors: Kurbanov S. K. , Vlasova E. E. , Vasiliev V. P. , Galyautdinov D. M. , Ilyina L. N. , Shiryaev А. A. , Akchurin R. S.
Published: February 2022

Aim. To determine the incidence, predictors and develop a model for long-term risk stratification of ischemic events in patients with coronary artery disease after coronary bypass surgery.

Material and methods. This retrospective study of the clinical course in patients with diffuse coronary artery disease (CAD) after coronary endarterectomy and bypass grafting surgery. A total of 232 patients were included, while long-term outcomes were assessed in 202 patients. Among them, complete data on clinical status were obtained from survivors (n=191). The median follow-up was 60 (interquartile range, 42; 74) months, while the minimum follow-up — 12 months, the maximum was 96 months. The primary composite endpoint reflecting the unfavorable course of CAD included coronary ischemic events (recurrent angina, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization), while secondary endpoint — allcause mortality. The factors influencing the development of primary and secondary endpoints were studied.

Results. An unfavorable CAD course was diagnosed in 39 patients (20,4%), while 11 deaths were recorded (5,4%). Univariate analysis demonstrated a significant role of prior myocardial infarction in the increase in mortality rate (p=0,029). Among the factors influencing the CAD course, no significant differences were obtained for any of them. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify a high-risk group for an unfavorable course of diffuse CAD. Independent predictors were identified, the most significant contribution of which was made by multifocal atherosclerosis (odds ratio (OR)=1,99, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0,93-4,21, p=0,072), low adherence to secondary prevention measures (OR=2,21, 95% CI, 0,86-6,89, p=0,128) and diabetes (OR=1,73, 95% CI, 0,79-3,72, p=0,162). Using the results obtained, a prognostic model with high specificity (64%) and moderate sensitivity (53%) was created.

Conclusion. The highest probability of an unfavorable long-term course of diffuse CAD was noted in patients with diabetes, multifocal atherosclerosis, and low adherence to secondary prevention measures. The obtained results make it possible to identify a high-risk group in this cohort of patients, determine the reserve of secondary prevention measures and a direction of actions to improve outcomes.
Pretest probability of coronary artery disease as a factor for optimizing invasive diagnostics in routine clinical practice
Authors: Simonyan M. A. , Kalyuta T. Yu. , Genkal E. N. , Posnenkova O. M. , Gridnev V. I.
Published: February 2022

According to the European Society of Cardiology guidelines, patients with chest pain requires the calculation of pretest probability (PTP) of coronary artery disease (CAD), followed by the identification of diagnostic tactics.

Aim. To analyze the registry of patients with stable CAD in order to assess the frequency of PTP calculation, as well as the validity of diagnostic tactics choice depending on its level.

Material and methods. The data of the registry of patients with stable CAD for the periods from 2012 to 2014 and from 2017 to 2019 were analyzed. We assessed the number of CAD patients, proportion of men, and distribution of patients depending on angina functional class. In addition, data on PTP calculation, as well as distribution of patients and diagnostic strategy selected depending on its value was analyzed. To assess differences (p) in pairwise comparisons, Student’s t-test was used. Differences were considered significant at p<0,05. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 (Microsoft, USA) and STATISTICA 6.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA).

Results. In 2017-2019, the number of detected CAD cases and proportion of men increased. In both time periods, an insufficient level of calculating PTP of CAD remains. In patients with intermediate PTP, 15-85% of priority tactics are invasive interventions, and with high PTP, the percentage of invasive methods does not reach the proper level, which does not correspond to modern guidelines for the management of CAD patients and leads to misappropriation of funds and healthcare resources.

Conclusion. According to medical records, PTP can be determined in less than half of patients. In CAD patients with intermediate PTP, non-invasive studies are not carried out in full, since coronary angiography is preferred. In patients with a high PTP, invasive diagnostics is insufficient.
Effectiveness of triple fixed-dose combination in patients with inadequate blood pressure control
Authors: Zbyshevskaya E. V. , Gumerova V. E. , Erinchek V. P. , Logunova N. A.
Published: February 2022

Aim. In routine clinical practice, to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy, 24-hour blood pressure (BP) control, tolerability and effect on arterial stiffness of the triple fixed-dose combination (FDC) of amlodipine/indapamide/perindopril according to office and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) in patients with uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) using previous therapy.

Material and methods. The study included 78 both sex outpatients over 18 years of age with essential HTN. The main inclusion criterion was HTN with inadequate BP control against the background of previous combination therapy including amlodipine, indapamide and perindopril as part of free- or fixed-dose combinations of antihypertensive drugs. All patients were prescribed triple FDC of amlodipine/ indapamide/perindopril (Triplixam) in accordance with the medication instruc tions. The patient’s condition was assessed during four follow-up visits: visit 1 — inclu- sion visit, visit 2 — after 4 weeks, visit 3 — after 12 weeks, visit 4 — after 24 weeks. At each visit, achievement of the target BP levels <140/90 mm Hg and <130/80 mm Hg was assessed, as well as the 24-hour BP profile. The dynamics of BP decrease, achievement of target BP values, 24-hour BP profile, and the effect of therapy on arterial stiffness according to ABPM were also assessed.

Results. In the analyzed group of patients, the initial office BP was 160,8± 10,3/91,5±8,1 mm Hg. After 24 weeks, there was a significant BP decrease to 121,3±3,5/73,6±4,2 mm Hg (p<0,001). According to ABPM, an average daytime BP significantly (p<0,001) decreased from 153,9±9,04/8,38±9,18 to 120,3±4,7/73,4±4,7 mm Hg after 24 weeks of amlodipine/indapamide/perindopril FDC therapy. Similar patterns were also found for the average values of nighttime BP. Target BP <140/90 mm Hg after 4 weeks reached the majority (87,2%) of patients, and after 12 weeks, the proportion of pa tients who reached the target BP was 100%.

Conclusion. In hypertensive patients with previous ineffective multiagent therapy, the triple FDC of amlodipine/indapamide/perindopril (Triplixam) provided high antihypertensive efficacy, good tolerability and adherence to therapy, and also demonstrated additional organ protection.
Reliability of OHM 3000 Plantar Pressure System for Measurement of Plantar Pressures in Healthy Indian Population
Authors:   Research Associate, Department of Research, Kan Innovations Pvt Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., SAWANT Neha , VAIDYA Sanket ,   BPT, Department of Research, Kan Innovations Pvt Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine intra and inter-session repeatability and reliability of OHM 3000 for reporting static and dynamic pressures in healthy Indian population. Methods: Using OHM 3000, twenty-eight healthy adults who did not present any gait abnormalities or musculoskeletal conditions were assessed one week apart for static and dynamic pressure. Bipedal stance test was used for assessing static variables- maximum pressure, average pressure, contact area, and weight distribution; whereas dynamic test was used for assessing dynamic variables- maximum pressure, average pressure, and contact area. Each participant performed three trials under supervision of each investigator. Results: Reliability was devised using ICC values and coefficient of variance for static and dynamic variables. ICC values for static and dynamic variables were reported to range between 0.88 to 0.94 and 0.61 to 0.98 respectively. Covariance values were reported to be lower than 13% in static and dynamic pressures recorded by both investigators. Conclusion: The study reports that OHM 3000 is a reliable device for assessing static and dynamic pressure in healthy adults demonstrating moderate to good reliability. KEYWORDS: Gait, Foot, Plantar Pressure.
To Study the Correlation of Nerve Conduction Velocity Studies and The Outcome of Subjects with Bell’s Palsy on Sunnybrook Facial Grading Scale
Authors:   Adult Neurological and Psychosomatic Disorders, Neuro Physiotherapist, Gurugram, Haryana, India., Patel Neha , Landge Pragna ,   Adult Neurological and Psychosomatic Disorders, Assistant Professor, Krishna school of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Varnama, Vadodara, India.
Published: February 2022

Background: Due to limited literature, on the usage of Sunnybrook Facial Grading scale (SFGS), we attempt to address SFGS in measuring clinical outcomes and understand its correlation with NVCs to predict the recovery course. Objectives: 1. To correlate the findings of Nerve Conduction Velocity studies on SFGS in subjects with Bell’s palsy. 2. Also based on the correlation to find whether Nerve Conduction Velocity studies can be used as a prognostic indicator/tool in Bell’s palsy. Methodology: A total of 58 subjects with unilateral Bell’s palsy were selected for the study. Outcome measures, SFGS and NCVs were evaluated on the first day and 20th day. Results: Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed a strong positive correlation between the amplitude of frontalis and mentalis muscle. Conclusion: A positive correlation of the amplitude of frontalis and mentalis muscle. KEYWORDS: Nerve Conduction velocity studies, Sunnybrook Facial Grading scale, Bell’s palsy, correlation and prognostic tool.
Behnam M. Fomeshi. The Persian Whitman: Beyond a Literary Reception.
Authors: Hosseini Mostafa
Published: February 2022

Review of Behnam Fomeshi, The Persian Whitman: Beyond a Literary Reception.
The Causes of Marginal Discrepancy of Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia, Ismail Asma , Gassara Yosra ,   Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia, Hadyaoui Dalenda ,   Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia, Cherif Mounir ,   Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
Published: February 2022

Objective Periodontal destruction observed in restored teeth is strongly caused by marginal discrepancy of the restoration, which is closely influenced by the tooth preparation, the technique of retraction and impression. Materials and Methods A hundred practitioners were selected to constitute the study’s sample. A self-administered questionnaire survey was carried out. The questionnaire was filled in the practitioner's office, completed in the absence of the investigator. However, it has been completed for some clarifications by an interview. A digital form made through the Google Forms application provided free by the Google search engine. The questionnaire included two sections: The identification of the practitioner: this is general information about the practitioner. The conduct of prosthetic treatment. The causes of marginal discrepancy: This section concerns the major factors responsible for a good marginal fit. The collected data was introduced and processed by the microcomputer using the statistical software XLSTAT 2015 for Windows. A simple statistical analysis made it possible to calculate the percentage of the different variables, from their frequency. Results There is a significant correlation between marginal discrepancy and the respect of the finish line geometry (p=0.001). The technique of retraction which provided the best marginal fit was the use of expasyl paste (p=0.18). There was a significant association between marginal discrepancy and the material of impression, marginal adaptation is found in 76% for impressions made by alginate, 45% for impressions made by silicone, and 100% for impressions made by polysulphides (p=0.01). Conclusion Within limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the respect of guidelines of preparation especially the finish line and the good choice of the retraction technique and the material of impression are the major keys to have a good marginal fit.
Schutzimpfungen am Arbeitsplatz. Wer haftet für wen und für was?
Authors:   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Arbeitsmedizin und Umweltmedizin (DGAUM), Nesseler Thomas , von Kageneck Donata ,   Fachanwältin für Sozialrecht, Fachanwältin für Medizinrecht, Dozentin im Arbeitsrecht, Rose Dirk-Matthias ,   Institut für Lehrergesundheit am Institut für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Mainz.
Published: February 2022

Aus arbeitsmedizinischer Sicht sind Schutzimpfungen am Arbeitsplatz durch Betriebsärztinnen und -ärzte immer unter der Verhältnismäßigkeit sowohl von Persönlichkeitsschutz und Individualprävention (SGB V) als auch aus der Perspektive eines notwendigen Arbeitsschutzes (SGB VII) sowie Dritt- und Bevölkerungsschutzes (IfSG) zu beurteilen. Wie aktuell das Thema Impfen generell aber auch am Arbeitsplatz ist, erleben wir in diesen Zeiten sehr unmittelbar, wenn es gilt, mit adäquaten Impfstrategien dem SARS-CoV-2-Virus und der damit verbundenen Covid-19-Pandemie wirkungsvoll zu begegnen. In diesem Kontext hat die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Arbeitsmedizin und Umweltmedizin (DGAUM) vermehrt Anfragen zu den rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen von Schutzimpfungen durch Betriebsärztinnen und -ärzte sowie zu den damit verbundenen Haftungsaspekten erhalten.
Einsatz digitaler Menschmodelle zur fähigkeitsgerechten Arbeitsgestaltung
Authors:   imk automotive GmbH, Chemnitz, Ullmann Sascha , Fritzsche Lars ,   imk automotive GmbH, Chemnitz
Published: February 2022

Vor dem Hintergrund des demografischen Wandels erlangt die Sicherstellung eines wertschöpfenden und fähigkeitsgerechten Einsatzes leistungsgewandelter und älterer Beschäftigter durch eine prospektive Arbeitsgestaltung weiter an Bedeutung. Insbesondere in der frühen Phase der Produktionsplanung sind digitale Menschmodelle zur präventiven Absicherung ergonomisch günstiger Arbeitsplätze und -prozesse geeignet.
Digitale Begehungsmodelle im Arbeitsschutz in Deutschland und Österreich
Authors: Merkel Hans-Jürgen
Published: February 2022

Die Pandemie hat nicht nur im alltäglichen Leben Maßgebliches verändert, sondern auch im Arbeitsschutz und in der Arbeitsmedizin. Viele Unternehmen minimieren nachvollziehbarerweise die Infektionsrisiken durch Zugangssperren. Neue Arbeitsformen, wie mobiles Arbeiten und Homeoffice, haben unter der Pandemie an Bedeutung gewonnen.
Negatives Altersstereotyp und Ageism in der Gesellschaft und in der Arbeitswelt
Authors:   Forschungsgruppe Psychosomatische Rehabilitation (FPR), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Linden Michael , Burri Mark ,   Em Schweiz, Invaliden- und Rentenversicherung, Fribourg, Fichter Manfred ,   Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Gutzmann Hans ,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gerontopsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Hegerl Ulrich ,   Johann Christian Senckenberg-Stiftung an der Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Universitätsklinikums Frankfurt, Kapfhammer Hans-Peter ,   Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapeutische Medizin, Graz, Niedermeyer Ulrich ,   Sozialpsychiatrischer Dienst Frankfurt/Oder, Schneider Wolfgang ,   Psychosomatische Universitätsklinik Rostock
Published: February 2022

Beim Jahreskongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Nervenheilkunde (DGPPN) traf sich eine Arbeitsgruppe gerontologisch erfahrener Vertreterinnen und Vertreter aus Psychiatrie, psychosomatischer Medizin, Psychotherapie und Sozialmedizin zum Thema des Altersstereotyps. Die Ergebnisse der Beratung wurden in dem vorliegenden Positionspapier zusammengefasst.
Heidelberger Gespräch 2021
Authors: Kindel Jutta
Published: February 2022

Die 34. wissenschaftliche Fortbildungstagung für gutachterlich Tätige aus der Humanmedizin, der Psychologie, der Pflege und den Rechtwissenschaften in den Bereichen Sozialmedizin und Sozialrecht (kurz: Heidelberger Gespräch) fand am 12. und 13.10.2021 statt. Das diesjährige Thema waren „Beguchtachtungsfragen in der Corona-Pandemie“. Auch in diesem Jahr wurde ein digitales Format gewählt, das von zahlreichen Zuhörenden aus Deutschland und Österreich gerne angenommen wurde. Die vier Fachvorträge wurden als LIVE-Webinar angeboten. Anschließend konnten Fragen über den Chat direkt an die Referentinnen und Referenten gestellt sowie CME-Punkte erworben werden.
Partizipative Forschung zu den Auswirkungen einer Industriekatastrophe
Authors:   Institut für Medizinische Biometrie, Epidemiologie und Informatik der Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Gianicolo Emilio A. L.
Published: February 2022

Die Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit ist essenziell bei der Gewinnung neuen Wissens. Ein solcher partizipativer Ansatz ist bei umweltepidemiologischen Studien von besonderer Relevanz. Dies wurde in einer Studie umgesetzt, deren Ziel es war, die Auswirkungen, der Industriekatastrophe einer petrochemischen Fabrik zu untersuchen.