bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Normalization by orientation-tuned surround in human V1-V3
Authors: Fang Zeming , Bloem Ilona M. , Olsson Catherine , Ma Wei Ji , Winawer Jonathan
Published: December 2023

An influential account of neuronal responses in primary visual cortex is the normalized energy model. This model is often implemented as a multi-stage computation. The first stage is linear filtering. The second stage is the extraction of contrast energy, whereby a complex cell computes the squared and summed outputs of a pair of the linear filters in quadrature phase. The third stage is normalization, in which a local population of complex cells mutually inhibit one another. Because the population includes cells tuned to a range of orientations and spatial frequencies, the result is that the responses are effectively normalized by the local stimulus contrast. Here, using evidence from human functional MRI, we show that the classical model fails to account for the relative responses to two classes of stimuli: straight, parallel, band-passed contours (gratings), and curved, band-passed contours (snakes). The snakes elicit fMRI responses that are about twice as large as the gratings, yet a traditional divisive normalization model predicts responses that are about the same. Motivated by these observations and others from the literature, we implement a divisive normalization model in which cells matched in orientation tuning (“tuned normalization”) preferentially inhibit each other. We first show that this model accounts for differential responses to these two classes of stimuli. We then show that the model successfully generalizes to other band-pass textures, both in V1 and in extrastriate cortex (V2 and V3). We conclude that even in primary visual cortex, complex features of images such as the degree of heterogeneity, can have large effects on neural responses.
Exploring contextual effects of post-migration housing environment on mental health of asylum seekers and refugees: A cross-sectional, population-based, multi-level analysis in a German federal state
Authors: Mohsenpour Amir , Biddle Louise , Bozorgmehr Kayvan
Published: December 2023

Asylum seekers and refugees (ASR) in Germany are dispersed quasi-randomly to state-provided, collective accommodation centres. We aimed to analyse contextual effects of post-migration housing environment on their mental health. We drew a balanced random sample of 54 from 1 938 accommodation centres with 70 634 ASR in Germany’s 3rd largest federal state. Individual-level data on depression and anxiety as well as sociodemographic- and asylum-related covariates, were collected and linked to contextual geo-referenced data on housing environment (‘Small-area Housing Environment Deterioration’ index, number of residents, remoteness, urbanity, and German Index of Multiple Deprivation). We fitted two-level random-intercept models to exploratively estimate adjusted contextual effects. Of 411 surveyed participants, 45.53% and 44.83%, respectively, reported symptoms of depression or anxiety. 52.8% lived in centres with highest deterioration, 46.2% in centres with > = 50 residents, 76.9% in urban, and 56% in deprived districts. 7.4% of centres were remote. We found statistically significant clustering in reporting anxiety on the level of accommodation centres. The model resulted in an intraclass correlation of 0.16 which translated into a median odds ratio of 2.10 for the accommodation-level effects. No significant clustering was found for symptoms of depression. The highest degree of deterioration, large accommodation size, remoteness, and district urbanity showed higher, but statistically not significant, odds for reporting anxiety or depression. District deprivation demonstrated higher odds for anxiety and lower odds for depression yet remained statistically insignificant for both. Evidence for contextual effects of housing environment on mental health of ASR could not be established but residual confounding by length of stay in the accommodation centre cannot be ruled out. Confirmatory analyses with prior power calculations are needed to complement these exploratory estimates.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with Haemophilus ducreyi cutaneous ulcers in Cameroon
Authors: Ndzomo Philippe , Tchatchouang Serges , Njih Tabah Earnest , Njamnshi Theophilus , Tsanga Mireille Victorine Noah , Bondi Jude Alexis , Handley Rebecca , González Beiras Camila , Tchatchueng Jules , Müller Claudia , Lüert Simone , Knauf Sascha , Boyomo Onana , Harding-Esch Emma , Mitja Oriol , Crucitti Tania , Marks Michael , Eyangoh Sara
Published: December 2023

Epidemics of yaws-like cutaneous ulcers are regularly documented in children in the tropics. They occur mainly in poor and remote communities without access to health facilities. The integration of molecular tools into yaws control efforts has made it possible to describe Haemophilus ducreyi (HD) as a major cause of cutaneous ulcers. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HD as cause of cutaneous ulcers, investigate its presence in asymptomatic individuals and identify associated risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in yaws endemic districts of Cameroon. Participants included people presenting yaws-like ulcers and asymptomatic individuals. Swab samples were collected from each participant and tested for HD and Treponema pallidum (TP) using an established qPCR method. Additionally, demographic, habitat, proximity, and hygiene characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire. A total of 443 individuals participated in the study, including 271 ulcer cases and 172 asymptomatic contacts. The prevalence of HD in ulcers was 30.3% (Confidence Interval (CI) 95% [24.8–35.7]) and the prevalence of asymptomatic HD carriage was 8.6% (CI95% [4.5–12.9]). TP was also detected in our sample among ulcer cases but in lower proportion (5.2% CI95% [2.5–7.8]) compared to HD. The adjusted logistic regression model showed that women were as much at risk of having HD cutaneous ulcer as men regardless of age. Physical proximity to a confirmed ulcer case was the major factor identified favouring HD transmission. HD ulcers were more likely to be present on Bantu individuals compared to Baka as well as HD colonization. These findings highlight HD as the most common cause of cutaneous ulcers in yaws-endemic communities in Cameroon. The exact implications of detecting HD on intact skin are not yet clear. Further studies are needed to understand the significance of this carriage in the spread dynamics of the disease.
Predicting preterm birth using explainable machine learning in a prospective cohort of nulliparous and multiparous pregnant women
Authors: Khan Wasif , Zaki Nazar , Ghenimi Nadirah , Ahmad Amir , Bian Jiang , Masud Mohammad M. , Ali Nasloon , Govender Romona , Ahmed Luai A.
Published: December 2023

Preterm birth (PTB) presents a complex challenge in pregnancy, often leading to significant perinatal and long-term morbidities. “While machine learning (ML) algorithms have shown promise in PTB prediction, the lack of interpretability in existing models hinders their clinical utility. This study aimed to predict PTB in a pregnant population using ML models, identify the key risk factors associated with PTB through the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) algorithm, and provide comprehensive explanations for these predictions to assist clinicians in providing appropriate care. This study analyzed a dataset of 3509 pregnant women in the United Arab Emirates and selected 35 risk factors associated with PTB based on the existing medical and artificial intelligence literature. Six ML algorithms were tested, wherein the XGBoost model exhibited the best performance, with an area under the operator receiving curves of 0.735 and 0.723 for parous and nulliparous women, respectively. The SHAP feature attribution framework was employed to identify the most significant risk factors linked to PTB. Additionally, individual patient analysis was performed using the SHAP and the local interpretable model-agnostic explanation algorithms (LIME). The overall incidence of PTB was 11.23% (11 and 12.1% in parous and nulliparous women, respectively). The main risk factors associated with PTB in parous women are previous PTB, previous cesarean section, preeclampsia during pregnancy, and maternal age. In nulliparous women, body mass index at delivery, maternal age, and the presence of amniotic infection were the most relevant risk factors. The trained ML prediction model developed in this study holds promise as a valuable screening tool for predicting PTB within this specific population. Furthermore, SHAP and LIME analyses can assist clinicians in understanding the individualized impact of each risk factor on their patients and provide appropriate care to reduce morbidity and mortality related to PTB.
A qualitative case study of pregnancy and early parenting in Canada’s federal prisons for women
Authors: Paynter Martha , Martin-Misener Ruth , Iftene Adelina , Tomblin-Murphy Gail
Published: December 2023

Objective

The aim of this study was to understand the experiences of pregnant people and new parents in Canadian federal prisons for women, and to better understand their ability to participate in the institutional Mother Child Program.

Methods

This qualitative case study used semi-structured interviews with people who experienced federal incarceration during pregnancy or the early parenting years.

Findings

Major themes in the analysis include: 1) Reasons why- and why not- to participate in the Mother Child Program; 2) Mothering from inside; 3) Health care; and 4) Strategies and survival.

Key conclusions

Mothers describe multiple reasons for choosing not to participate or being ineligible for the Mother Child Program; separation as common and traumatic; health services as inadequate; and mental health concerns being met with punishment. Alternatives to incarceration are recommended.
The microbial pathology of maternal perinatal sepsis: A single-institution retrospective five-year review
Authors: Powell James , Crowley Clare M. , Minihan Brid , Imcha Mendinaro , O’Connell Nuala H. , Philip Roy K. , Dunne Colum P.
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Greater than half of in-hospital maternal deaths are caused by sepsis, a condition that occurs when infection exceeds local tissue containment and results in organ dysfunction. Determining the source of infection can be challenging. Microbiological cultures of the uterine cavity are often difficult to obtain, so antimicrobial susceptibility results may not be available to guide treatment. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the potential clinical value of microbiology samples used in the maternal “septic screen” of patients in an Irish maternity hospital.

Methods

A review was completed of all maternal “septic screen” (i.e., high vaginal swabs, placenta swabs, blood cultures, throat swabs and urine samples) microbiology results from July 2016 to December 2021.

Results

In the relevant period, 845 patients were subject to a “septic screen”, of whom 430 also had a placental swab collected. These 430 patients comprise our study population. 2% of blood cultures yielded potential pathogens, compared with 37%, 33%, 9% and 7% respectively for placental swabs, high vaginal swabs, throat swabs and urine specimens. 95% of blood cultures were sterile, compared with 52%, 0%, 0% and 53% respectively for placental swabs, high vaginal swabs, throat swabs and urine specimens.

Conclusion

Of the five microbiological specimen types examined, placental swabs yielded the highest number of potential pathogens. Our results suggest that placental swabs are useful specimens for detecting potential pathogens from the uterine cavity, the most common source of perinatal infections.
How do carbon emissions trading impact the financialization of non-financial companies? Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China
Authors: Ma Wenhao , Yan Xuwen
Published: December 2023

This study examines whether and how carbon trading policy impacts the financialization of non-financial firms, using China emission trading scheme as a quasi-natural experiment. We find that the carbon trading policy exerts a substantial and enduring inhibitory effect on corporate financialization. Our findings are robust to possible result bias and more precise control group. Additionally, we explore potential channels through which carbon trading policy can affect financialization, and find that it curbs financialization by reducing financing constraints. Finally, we demonstrate that the relationship between carbon trading policy and financialization of non-financial companies is moderated by company’s ownership, region, and industry competition.
Co-creating sustainable food systems
Authors: Wertheim-Heck Sigrid , Herrera Natalia Romero
Published: December 2023

This Special Issue is preoccupied with the question: ‘How can citizens play an active role in co-creating sustainable food systems?’. The issue presents four distinct empirical research studies that explore participatory actions, co-creation and citizen science in moving towards more sustainable urban food systems at the intersection of design and sustainability. The various contributions explore the role of co-design with citizens to create sustainable food systems by addressing issues related to food production, processing, transportation and consumption. The issue covers diverse topics in distinct settings, from co-creation with agri-food smallholders in Vietnam to a design-led systemic action against homelessness-related food poverty in Turin, Italy.
A community of death: Death metal fandom and terror management theory
Authors: Thomson Andrew
Published: December 2023

Death metal is the most brutal music in existence. It is a subgenre of music that seeks pure heaviness punctuated by guttural vocalizations more akin to a wounded beast than a human singing lyrics. To the mainstream world, death metal is sometimes misunderstood and enigmatic: how do people listen to such harsh, aggressive music? Death metal fans create a unique corner of fandom, an insular group joined together by a passion for music that is frequently rejected and feared by normative society. This fandom has developed into much more for many fans: it has become a community that has further developed into a world-view. This research aims to argue the theoretical connections between the fandom of death metal music and the studies undertaken through terror management theory (TMT). The central idea of TMT is that our fear of death serves as the primary driver of our actions. The primary aim of this article is to explore the question of how a genre of music that is focused primarily on death serves as a buffer against existentialist dread and considerations of our own mortality? Death metal fandom occupies a unique, dichotomous territory within TMT, as it serves as both a mortality salient (MS) (a threat to the world-views of the mainstream) and a preventative measure against Death Thought Accessibility (thoughts and considerations of our own deaths). Death metal fandom, often vilified by mainstream culture and frequently perceived as a monstrous and violent outlier to normative society, is ironically non-political and not a true threat to the establishment and its tenets. The death metal community does not attack the mainstream, but it is attacked by the mainstream. Threatened by the rejection of beauty and musical normativity exhibited by death metal, the world-view of the mainstream is threatened, causing it to lash out at that which differs from it. This research intends to explore potential assemblages through a mapping of connectives untethered by methodological expectations. It will explore this irony through a developed exploration of death metal fans, the music and the brutality that has helped create a community of fandom that is more supportive and effective at warding off fears of mortality than might initially be expected.
A Fan Studies Primer: Method, Research, Ethics, Paul Booth and Rebecca Williams (eds) (2021)
Authors: Oon Celeste
Published: December 2023

Review of: A Fan Studies Primer: Method, Research, Ethics, Paul Booth and Rebecca Williams (eds) (2021)

Iowa City, IA: University of Iowa Press, 308 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-60938-809-6, p/bk, $35.00
Costuming the queer body: How body image impacts aesthetic and identity expression within queer creative communities
Authors: Joseph Ehud , Ferrero-Regis Tiziana , Kerr Jeremy
Published: December 2023

Queer costuming and costumed performances offer extraordinary transformations while expediting ludic socialization and temporal reinvention, thereby developing community-specific cultural capital. This article outlines how body image impacted participants’ experiences during a series of costume-making workshops that took place in Brisbane in 2021 as part of Brisbane’s queer party scene. The participants’ creative journeys are examined using Merleau-Ponty’s corporeal subjectivity, focusing on social environments’ impact on body image. The workshops’ facilitation framework supported individual design development within a shared creative process, centring queered socialization, peer support and community building. Body-image issues impact queer individuals who experience mainstream cultural value systems alongside queer-specific cultural norms. During the workshops, participants negotiated their body-image issues through creative design and participation in queer events. These negotiations were carried out within a queered social world, where the other participants impacted the participants’ decision-making processes. The findings demonstrate that when situated within an empathetic communal experience, individuals’ body-image negotiation and self-expression can be positively challenged, empowering confidence and creative risk.
Fashioning James Bond: Costume, Gender and the Identity in the World of 007, Llewella Chapman (2021)
Authors: Krpan Petra
Published: December 2023

Review of: Fashioning James Bond: Costume, Gender and the Identity in the World of 007, Llewella Chapman (2021)

London: Bloomsbury Academic, 336 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-35014-548-1, h/bk, £70

ISBN 978-1-35025-848-8, p/bk, £21.99

ISBN 978-1-35016-465-9, e-book, £19.79
El final de las estructuras terroristas
Authors: Jaime Jiménez Oscar
Published: December 2023

En el presente texto se analiza desde una perspectiva amplia e integral la combinación de condicionantes que han contribuido a favorecer el final del fenómeno terrorista. En dichos escenarios los contextos sociopolíticos y culturales, así como el perfil de las estructuras organizativas han desempeñado roles diversos y relevantes, si bien las respuestas institucionales, en última instancia, han conformado factores determinantes. Desde una perspectiva amplia e histórica la conclusión que se obtiene es que las probabilidades de que las estrategias terroristas alcancen los objetivos declarados son extremadamente limitadas, por lo que el final de éstas se encuentra en la gran mayoría de las ocasiones asociadas al fracaso.
Quality of Spine Surgery Information on Social Media: A DISCERN Analysis of TikTok Videos
Authors: Subramanian Tejas , Araghi Kasra , Akosman Izzet , Tuma Olivia , Hassan Amier , Lahooti Ali , Pajak Anthony , Shahi Pratyush , Merrill Robert , Maayan Omri , Sheha Evan , Dowdell James , Iyer Sravisht , Qureshi Sheeraz
Published: December 2023

Objective: The use of social media applications to disseminate information has substantially risen in recent decades. Spine and back pain-related hashtags have garnered several billion views on TikTok. As such, these videos, which share experiences, offer entertainment, and educate users about spinal surgery, have become increasingly influential. Herein, we assess the quality of spine surgery content TikTok from providers and patients.Methods: Fifty hashtags encompassing spine surgery (“#spinalfusion,” “#scoliosissurgery,” and “#spinaldecompression”) were searched using TikTok’s algorithm and included. Two independent reviewers rated the quality of each video via the DISCERN questionnaire. Video metadata (likes, shares, comments, views, length) were all collected; type of content creator (musculoskeletal, layperson) and content category (educational, patient experience, entertainment) were determined.Results: The overall DISCERN score was, on average, 24.4. #Spinalfusion videos demonstrated greater engagement, higher average likes (p = 0.02), and more comments (p < 0.001) compared to #spinaldecompression and #scoliosissurgery. #Spinaldecompression had the highest DISCERN score (p < 0.001), likely explained by the higher percentage of videos that were educational (p < 0.001) and created by musculoskeletal (MSK) professionals (p < 0.001). Compared to laypersons, MSK professionals had significantly higher quality videos (p < 0.001). Similarly, the educational category demonstrated higher quality videos (p < 0.001). Video interaction trended lower with MSK videos and educational videos had the lowest interaction of the content categories (likes: p = 0.023, comments: p = 0.005).Conclusion: The quality of spine surgery videos on TikTok is low. As the influence of the new social media landscape governs how the average person consumes information, MSK providers should participate in disseminating high-quality content.
Hounsfield Units as an Independent Predictor of Failed Percutaneous Drainage of Spinal Tuberculosis Paraspinal Abscess Under Computed Tomography Guidance
Authors: Xiang Yu , He Jinyue , Bai Ruonan , Gou Huorong , Luo Fei , Huang Xuequan , Zhang Zehua
Published: December 2023

Objective: To investigate the value of Hounsfield units (HUs) as an independent predictor of failed percutaneous drainage of spinal tuberculosis paraspinal abscess under computed tomography (CT) guidance.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 61 patients who underwent CT-guided percutaneous drainage for spinal tuberculosis paraspinal abscess between October 2017 and October 2020. Preoperative CT scans were used to measure the HUs of the abscess. Patients were categorized into successful drainage (n = 49) and failed drainage (n = 12) groups. Statistical analysis involved independent sample t-tests and chi-square tests to compare between the 2 groups. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictive factors for drainage failure. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to ascertain risk factor thresholds and diagnostic performance.Results: Among the patients, 49 experienced successful drainage while 12 faced drainage failure. The mean HUs of abscesses in the failed drainage group were significantly higher than those in the successful drainage group (p < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.897 (95% confidence interval, 0.808–0.986) for predicting drainage failure based on HUs. The optimal HU cutoff value for predicting drainage failure was 22.3, with a sensitivity of 91.7% and specificity of 69.4%.Conclusion: HUs are an independent predictor of failed percutaneous drainage of spinal tuberculosis paraspinal abscess under CT guidance. The HU value of 22.3 can be used as an initial screening threshold for predicting the success or failure of drainage.
Lowest Instrumented Vertebra at L3 Versus L4 in Posterior Fusion for Moderate Lenke 5C Type Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Case-Match Radiological Study
Authors: Li Zhiyi , Du You , Zhao Yiwei , Lin Guanfeng , Zhang Haoran , Li Chenkai , Ye Xiaohan , Yang Yang , Wang Shengru , Zhang Jianguo
Published: December 2023

Objective: To compare the radiological outcomes in Lenke 5C type patients whose lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) was L3 or L4 in a case-match study.Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-match study and included 82 patients in the study. Radiological results before surgery, after surgery, and at last follow-up were recorded and analyzed in the L3 and L4 groups.Results: After matching the age, Risser’s sign, sex, and main Cobb, 41 pairs of patients were enrolled in our study. The total fusion segments in the L3 group (median [interquartile range]: 5.0 [6.0–5.0]) were shorter than those in the L4 group (6.0 [6.5–6.0]). The main curve was significantly corrected after surgery in both groups, and was comparable at the last followup between groups. In addition, according to the results of Fisher precision probability test, there was no significant difference of coronal or sagittal imbalance between the 2 groups at the 2-year follow-up.Conclusion: The correction in coronal and sagittal planes in L3 group and L4 group remains similar. On account of more motion segments, L3 could be an ideal choice as LIV in moderate Lenke 5C type AIS. Long-term follow-up is needed to evaluate the effect of larger compensatory lumbar-sacral curve when stopping at L3.
Lung Adenocarcinoma induced pulmonary embolism progression even on anticoagulant treatment
Authors: Elrobaa Islam , Alsouki Abdullah , Musaed Wadah
Published: December 2023

A 45 years old, male patient. He had recently diagnosis of adenocarcinoma on right upper lobe of the lung stage IV. He got bilateral pulmonary embolism as complications of lung adenocarcinoma since 25 days and he was on rivaroxaban 15 mg per day as anticoagulant . At that time of presentation in our ED he did not receive chemotherapy but he got appointment to receive it after 5 days. He presented to our ED for haemoptysis since 20 days and shortness of breath with chest tightness since one day. On exam he had vital signs as heart rate was 100 and oxygen saturation was 97% . ECG was unremarkable, chest x ray showed more white patches in the right lung by the comparison with the previous chest X ray . The CT angio-pulmonary decided that showed more progression in the pulmonary embolism PE . The lab result showed; INR was 3.7, D dime was 6.25 ,PT was 46.2 , otherwise non-significant result . He got admission for embolectomy then the decision change to enoxaparin therapeutic dose. The patient was under care of our oncology team
Optimizing Two Waste Management Systems: Geographic Insights and Environmental Efficiency
Authors: Dalton III Ryerson
Published: December 2023

This study dives into pneumatic and traditional waste management systems and their environmental efficiency, considering differing territorial landscapes and characteristics of waste generation. Waste collection varies significantly by region. Thus, an optimal waste management system for waste system emission is also subject to change by region. Using Emilia Romagna as a control, distinct patterns emerge through analyzing waste generation and collection data aligned with territory and population density. The research concludes that suburban hilly or plain areas with a medium population density are the most viable solution for reducing environmental emissions in waste collection processes. These findings underline a critical relationship between territorial nuances and waste management efficiency, providing valuable insights for tailored waste management approaches aiming to reduce harmful environmental emissions. By acknowledging the influence of geographic attributes on waste management outcomes, this paper lays the groundwork for context-sensitive waste management frameworks addressing specific territorial conditions and each system's environmental impact. The paper highlights the significance of adapting waste management strategies to match the intricacies of regional landscapes, fostering more optimized waste management systems sensitive to diverse territorial dynamics. Ultimately, these insights pave the way for more targeted and effective waste management initiatives, crucial for sustainable environmental practices within various geographical contexts.
Structured program for therapeutic education of type 1 diabetes patient
Authors:   Endocrinology Research Centre, Mayorov Aleksandr , Melnikova Olga , Philippov Yury , Ibragimova Liudmila , Mikhina Margarita , Motovilin Oleg , Makolina Natalia , Romanenkova Elizaveta , Shestakova Ekaterina , Galstyan Gagik , Shestakova Marina
Published: December 2023

The manual for healthcare professionals and nurses to be used for the education of type 1 diabetes mellitus patients was developed by the employees of Endocrinology Research Centre in accordance with clinical guidelines, WHO and IDF recommendations and is based on the principle of structuring patient education. The manual contains a plan of classes and topics necessary for patients. The content of the classes is presented in a language understandable to the patients. Specific medical terminology is not used. Education of patients using the proposed program can be carried out both in the in-patients hospital and on an outpatient basis, depending on the conditions available in a particular medical institution. Approved and recommended for use by the Russian Association of Endocrinologists.
Structured program for therapeutic education of type 2 diabetes patients used insulin therapy
Authors:   Endocrinology Research Centre, Mayorov Aleksandr , Melnikova Olga , Philippov Yury , Ibragimova Liudmila , Mikhina Margarita , Motovilin Oleg , Makolina Natalia , Romanenkova Elizaveta , Shestakova Ekaterina , Galstyan Gagik , Shestakova Marina
Published: December 2023

The manual for healthcare professionals and nurses to be used for the education of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving insulin therapy was developed by the employees of Endocrinology Research Centre in accordance with clinical guidelines, WHO recommendations and is based on the principle of structuring patient education. The manual contains a plan of classes and topics necessary for patients. The content of the classes is presented in a language understandable to the patients. Specific medical terminology is not used. Education of patients using the proposed program can be carried out both in the in-patients hospital and on an outpatient basis, depending on the conditions available in a particular medical institution. Approved and recommended for use by the Russian Association of Endocrinologists.
A educação escolar dos territórios do campo, das águas e das florestas na Amazônia marajoara
Authors: Silva Patrícia Oliveira da , Nahum João Santos
Published: December 2023

O artigo reflete acerca de um dos desafios e suas consequências, impostos à educação do campo, sobretudo no que concerne à oferta de ensino médio no espaço rural dos municípios que compõem a Região Geográfica Intermediária de Breves, Arquipélago do Marajó, no estado do Pará. O percurso metodológico consistiu em fundamentação teórica acerca da educação do campo em sua relação intrínseca com o território tradicional ribeirinho, bem como levantamento censitário da educação básica e de dados demográficos, referentes aos censos de 2010 e 2022. Os resultados deste levantamento indicaram um cenário crítico no que tange ao quantitativo de escolas de ensino médio situadas na zona rural da Amazônia marajoara a despeito do maior número de habitantes residentes nos espaços rurais desta região, o que seguramente compromete a autonomia e emancipação, mediante à violação do direito à educação de comunidades tradicionais ribeirinhas destes territórios do campo, das águas e das florestas
The Economic Effects of Technological Innovations in the Manufacturing Industry of Russia and the Russian Far East
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Domnich Yegor
Published: December 2023

The study is devoted to the assessment of the economic effects of technological innovations on productivity in the manufacturing industry of the regions of Russia with a more detailed analysis given for the Russian Far East. The study was carried out on the materials of official statistics of provided by Rosstat and covers the period between 2006–2020 with the detailed periods of 2006–2013 and 2014–2020. It is established that on average, in the period of 2006–2020, technological innovations significantly and positively influenced the productivity of Russian manufacturing enterprises in the regions of the country. The effect of product innovations was most pronounced in 2006–2013 against the background of the financial and economic crisis and the subsequent recovery of the Russian industry. The effect of process innovations, on the contrary, gained strength only in 2014–2020 as foreign markets closed for Russian manufacturers. It is shown that technological innovations are not the most significant factor in increasing the productivity of manufacturing enterprises. In manufacturing industries, productivity depends more on the volume of goods shipped in previous years, as well as on the industry environment of enterprises and the infrastructure constraints within which they have to operate. The total effect of these factors on productivity is 1.5 times greater than the effect of innovation. It is shown that in the manufacturing industry in the Russian Far East, the effect of the total volume of technological innovations on productivity is 1.5–2 times less than in Russia in general, which can be explained by the low efficiency of process innovations in the Far Eastern Federal District. At the same time, the processing enterprises of the district demonstrate an increased effect (by 25–40%) of product innovations relative to the average level in Russia, which is associated with a greater dependence of the enterprises of the district on the fulfillment of individual orders
Clinically E Clinically Effective Regener e Regenerative Therapy for Primar y for Primary Endodontic y Endodontic Lesions with Secondary Periodontal Lesions: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Periodontic, Faculty of Dentistry,Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, martina.amalia@usu.ac.id, Amalia Martina , Budi Budi ,   Periodontic Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry,Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, Estu Kurmaena Iceu ,   Conservative Dentistry Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry,Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, Yanti Nevi ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry,Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, Nurcahyanti Hesty ,   Periodontic Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry,Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
Published: December 2023

The diagnosis and prognosis of teeth with endo-perio lesions present a major challenge for dentists. Proper diagnosis is critical in determining treatment and the long-term prognosis. However, treating complex endodontic and periodontal lesions is one of the most common challenges in current clinical practice. The coexistence of pulpal and periodontal tissue damage may complicate diagnosis and further influence dental prognosis. This article consists of a case report evaluating the efficacy of xenografts and resorbable membrane pericardium in treating bifurcation lesions associated with periodontal lesions of the left mandibular first molar. A 22-year-old female patient was referred by conservative dentistry with complaints of gingival swelling on tooth 36 with furcation involvement associated with periodontal lesions. A gingivectomy was performed after the first stage of periodontal therapy because gingival swelling precluded endodontic treatment. After 3 months of endodontic treatment, the grade II bifurcated lesion had not yet healed, so regenerative surgery using xenografts and a resorbable pericardial membrane was performed. Periodontal treatment showed no gingival inflammation, and radiographic evidence showed bone improvement. Endo-perio lesions are complex in etiology and require a high degree of expertise to identify and treat them. Therefore, effective treatment of lesions requires collaboration between various multidisciplinary disciplines.
Elastic Reco Elastic Recovery Properties of Alginate Impr ties of Alginate Impression Materials ession Materials Based on Red Algae Kappaphycus alvarezii
Authors:   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia, didinermae.fkg@unej.ac.id, Erma Indahyani Didin , Barid Izzata ,   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia, izzata.fkg@unej.ac.id, Nafisah Nafisah ,   Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia, nafisahnafisah00@gmail.com, Praharani Depi ,   Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia, praharanidepi.fkg@unej.ac.id, Sumono Agus ,   Department of Dental Material and Technology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia, Probosari Niken ,   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia, Sulistiyani Sulistiyani ,   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia
Published: December 2023

Alginate impression materials in dentistry are used to form details of the oral cavity organs. The alginate content in the impression material functions to form a gel. One source of alginate is algae. Objective: This study aims to determine the recovery elasticity and setting time of alginate impression materials made from red algae K. alvarezii. Methods: The sodium alginate in the composition of this alginate impression material was extracted from red algae K. alvarezii. The alginate impression material was tested for setting time and recovery elasticity and compared with commercial impression material (Hygedent®). Results: The elastic recovery of red algae sodium alginate impression materials was 97.43% which was not significantly different from the commercial impression materials (98.42%). These results showed that this alginate impression material has the same properties as commercial impression materials. In the setting time test, the the red algal alginate impression material was much longer than the commercial impression material, 1.39 m and 3.30 m respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that the alginate impression material from the red algae K. alvarezii had a long setting time. At the same time, the recovery of elasticity did not differ from that of commercially available alginate impression materials.
Study of Coastal Development of Surabaya City with SWOT method
Authors: Sujantoko Sujantoko , Pratikto Widi Agus , Prastianto Rudi Waluyo , Maulana Muhammad Ilham , Rosari Dewi Anggie Vebriyanti , Adha Izdhihar Amany , Analiyah Dinda Febriani , Hardian Muhammad Akbar , Anggara Dicha Ridho
Published: December 2023

Surabaya is a coastal area projected to be a strategic area for the sustainable development of coastal areas according to the medium-term development plan for Surabaya 2016-2021. The strategic area of the coastal area functions as a supporter of economic growth and saving the environment to optimize the development of the coastal area, so a study is needed to determine the development of the area. This study was conducted to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the coastal area of Surabaya. The researcher took a qualitative approach to the analysis and was the necessary case study. Analysis of this activity using the SWOT method. The SWOT analysis results from a comparison of internal and external factors; the analysis is carried out using the IFAS (Internal Factor Analysis Summary) matrix and the EFAS (External Factor Analysis Summary) matrix. Based on the SWOT analysis, it can be shown that the management of the Surabaya City coastal area is by the spatial plans that have been made. However, in reality, it must pay attention to communication and socialization with the community, which is considered not optimal, as well as periodic impact management and environmental maintenance to minimize coastal threats.
Method for Establishing a Spatial Database of Traffic Signs with Machine Learning
Authors: Kresnanto Nindyo Cahyo , Bahy Muhammad Bintang
Published: December 2023

Traffic signs are part of road equipment whose existence is very important, in addition to functioning as warnings, prohibitions, orders, or instructions for road users, traffic signs are also a means to reduce accidents and regulate driver behavior. Because of the importance of this function, it is necessary to collect accurate sign data in a spatial database. Currently, there have been many database developments for the management of traffic signs, but data collection is still done manually, by means of surveyors recording groups of traffic signs and entering them into the database. The difficulty faced is the time and accuracy of the surveyors when it comes to selecting groups of signs, this is due to the large number of groups/sub-groups of signs. This problem needs to be solved with the help of a sign group detection tool with an image recognition approach. This study aims to develop an image recognition method to extract photo geotagging information on traffic signs into spatial data and attributes of traffic sign groups. The object of the signs that are sampled are signs that are on roads with the status of provincial roads in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The results showed that the machine learning-based image recognition accuracy reached 88.66%, further research is needed to improve accuracy by paying attention to the geotagging photo capture variable.
Influence of Farmyard Manure and NPS Fertilizer on Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Growth and Yield Variables at Western Ethiopia
Authors: Kitila Chala , Olana Gemechisa
Published: December 2023

Hot peppers are important vegetable crops widely grown in Ethiopia. Investigation into the economic, nutritive and therapeutic purposes of the pepper plant is extremely limited. Thus, a field trial was piloted to assess the influence of NPS (compound fertilizer containing three important plant nutrients of nitrogen, phosphate, and sulphur with the ratio of 19% N, 38% P2O5, and 7% S) and farmyard manure (FYM) fertilizer on hot pepper at the Dambi Dollo University research field for two consecutive years (2020 and 2021) under rain fed. The finding was systematized in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three repetitions and variety of Marako Fana hot pepper was assessed. NPS fertilizer at four level (0, 100, 200, 300 kg N ha-1) and four FYM levels (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 t ha-1) were owed to the study area and a total of 20 treatments. The research results revealed that FYM and NPS mineral fertilizer interacts to affect positively (P<0.05) maximum parameters without unmarketable harvest, which was influenced through the single effect of NPS and FYM. The highest marketable pod yield (2.28 t ha-1) and total pod harvest (2.72 t ha-1) was recorded through NPS rates of 100 kg ha-1 applied with 5 t ha-1 of farmyard manure. Consequently, it is likely to determine that hot pepper farmers can use NPS mineral fertilizer rate of 100 kg ha-1 with 5 t ha-1 of FYM that would expand yield of the hot peppers in the study area with similar agro-ecological conditions.
Plant Extracts: Potential Alternative Treatment for Bovine Mastitis Causing Pathogen Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Abon April Corazon G. , Mingala Claro N.
Published: December 2023

Bovine mastitis is a significant disease affecting dairy herds worldwide. Mastitis can be characterized by physical, chemical, and bacteriological changes in milk and various pathological changes in the glandular tissues. This disease can invariably affect the health status of cattle and eventually have a direct economic impact on the dairy industry. Mastitis can be caused by the interaction of pathogens and their environment, and one of the disease-causing pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus, remains the leading cause of mastitis. Treatment is directed towards the use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. However, with the threat of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, alternative treatments are being explored. The use of plants with ethnoveterinary origins can be promising in the search for novel therapeutic regimens. This review focuses on various studies using plant extracts as a possible alternative treatment for this specific bovine-causing pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus. Several studies that were conducted will serve as preliminary data in the development of alternative treatments for bovine mastitis.
Advanced strategies for optimization of primary nutrients requirement in rice-A review
Authors: Lalichetti Sagar , Maitra Sagar , Singh Sultan , Masina Sai Ram
Published: December 2023

The Green Revolution led to India's food independence mostly through the inclusion of supply-driven technologies, such as the introduction of high-yielding cultivars, improved access to water, agrochemicals, and mechanization. The present and future needs target agricultural sustainability without endangering the ecosystem. In this regard, the adoption of precision agriculture is required to meet this expected objective. In developed nations, precision farming has already experienced tremendous growth. However, precision farming methods have taken a while for emerging nations in Asia to comprehend, create, and embrace. Moreover, precision farming is frequently misunderstood as a sophisticated technological intervention intended for extensive agricultural fields. However, it is essentially a science that involves using the "right input" in the "right quantity," at the "right time," and in the "right place," to improve input use efficiency. In the case of primary nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, so-called recommendations for nutrient management based on soil tests have improved food grain output which increased the nutrient use efficiency up to a certain extent. Moreover, the recommendations are made for a given agroclimatic region and crops irrespective of site-specific soil fertility, cultivars, and agronomic management levels resulting in excess or scanty use to crop needs. At this juncture, assessing the nutritional requirements of plants proves to be a superior method, as it takes into account the cumulative impact of nutrient availability from various sources on plant growth at any specific stage, making it a reliable indicator of nutrient accessibility. Rice, the most important food crop, is grown in diverse agroclimatic regions at different management levels. Hence, there is an urgent need to adopt a precision nutrient management strategy to optimize the yield output. The article offers an overview of several precision instruments available for managing nutrients at specific sites and aids in choosing the most appropriate one for each circumstance.