bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The boomerang effect of brand personality congruency in a product-harm crisis
Authors: Kim Tom Joonhwan , Yi Youjae , Choi Jongan
Published: December 2019

This research examines how personality congruency between brands and consumers affect consumers’ attribution and brand evaluation in a product-harm crisis. Results show that the negative influence of a product-harm crisis on brand evaluation is stronger for consumers with high personality congruency than for consumers with low personality congruency. Consumers with high personality congruency feel more disappointment, which leads to attribution toward internal factors of the company, blame toward the brand, and consequently lower purchase intentions. This research suggests that brand personality congruency, although generally assumed to have positive effects on brand evaluation, can have negative effects in a product-harm crisis.

JEL Classification: M31
Pathoanatomy of the Jones Fracture in Male University Soccer Players
Authors: Fujitaka Kohei , Tanaka Yasuhito , Taniguchi Akira , Ogawa Munehiro , Isomoto Shinji , Otuki Shingo , Okubo Mamoru
Published: December 2019

Background:

Jones fractures are relatively common in soccer players and require an extended recovery period because this type of fracture has a high incidence of delayed union, nonunion, and refracture. There has been some previous research on risk factors for Jones fracture, but no study has yet investigated the effect of the length of the fifth metatarsal bone and the positional relationship of the articular surface of the fifth metatarsal bones and the tarsal bones. Clarification of the characteristics of the foot structure that predispose soccer players to Jones fracture may aid in the prevention of this injury.

Purpose:

To investigate the association between Jones fracture and foot structure as assessed with a mapping system on weightbearing dorsoplantar and lateral foot radiographs.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

We used a mapping system to evaluate the radiographs of 60 feet from 30 university soccer players with Jones fractures and a control group of 60 feet from 60 male university soccer players without Jones fracture. The groups were compared regarding the length of the fifth metatarsal and the positions of the metatarsal and tarsal bones.

Results:

Analysis of weightbearing dorsoplantar foot radiographs showed that the fifth metatarsal was significantly longer and that its proximal tip was positioned more proximally in the Jones fracture group as compared with the control group. Analysis of weightbearing lateral foot radiographs showed that the reference points for the medial arch were significantly higher in the Jones fracture group than in the control group.

Conclusion:

This study indicated that the proximally longer fifth metatarsal may cause greater stress at the base of the fifth metatarsal bone because the lever arm becomes long. In addition, high medial longitudinal arch may contribute to increased load on the lateral side of the foot. Thus, these anatomic features may be useful to identify soccer players at high risk of Jones fracture at medical checkup.
Unionization and Street-Level Bureaucracy: An Examination of Public School Teachers in the United States
Authors: Oberfield Zachary
Published: December 2019

Union advocates and critics believe that unionization influences the performance of public organizations by altering organizational climates and street-level bureaucrats’ experiences and perceptions. However, few empirical works examine this expectation. This article contributes by exploring how variation in unionization is associated with street-level bureaucrats’ perceptions of red tape, discretion, leadership, and accountability. Using nationally representative teacher surveys from the United States, it examines how unionization was associated with teachers’ perceptions over a 9-year period. Although there was some evidence that unionization had a negative association with accountability, the article shows that unionization was not a strong, consistent predictor of street-level bureaucrats’ perceived experiences.
Safety and Efficacy of Direct Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Fovel Lindsey M. , Seabury Robert W. , Miller Christopher D. , Darko William , Probst Luke A. , Horvath Lara
Published: December 2019

Background:

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the second leading cause of death in patients with malignancy. The currently available guidelines have shown greater support for utilization of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) over direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in cancer-associated VTE. Current data on the safety and efficacy of DOAC therapy in patients with cancer are lacking.

Objective:

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the use of DOACs compared to LMWH in patients with cancer.

Methods:

A retrospective review of outpatient records was completed to identify patients with documented cancer diagnosis and either a DOAC or LMWH as a listed medication. Patients were excluded if they had atrial fibrillation, valvular disease, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, current pregnancy, body mass index (BMI) >40 kg/m2 or weight >120 kg, severe renal or hepatic impairment, or were on concomitant therapy with a significant interacting medication. The primary outcome was frequency of VTE recurrence, and secondary outcomes included the frequency of major and minor bleeding and other thrombotic events.

Results:

One hundred fifty-six patients were included in the study population, 78 in both the DOAC and LMWH groups. Venous thromboembolism recurrence occurred in 5 (6.4%) patients in the DOAC group and 8 (10.3%) patients in the LMWH group ( P = .39). There was no significant difference in major or minor bleeding or other thrombotic events between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:

The frequency of VTE recurrence was similar between DOACs and LMWH in patients with cancer. DOACs may be an alternative agent to LMWH for the prevention of recurrent VTE in patients with cancer.
Time and well-being, an institutional, comparative perspective: Is it time to explore the idea of a time policy?
Authors: Lahat Lihi , Sened Itai
Published: December 2019

This article explores the relationship between time and well-being as a social policy question. Although the research on time and well-being is extensive, few have dealt with them together from a comparative institutional perspective. Based on data from the third European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) of 2012, regarding 34 mostly European countries, in different welfare regimes, we explore two issues: (1) What are the effects of welfare regimes on the uses of time and subjective well-being? and (2) What are the effects of different uses of time on subjective well-being? We find that the institutional structure – the welfare regime – affects the way people use their time. Furthermore, the findings documented that uses of time have a direct effect on well-being when controlling for individual level as well as country-level variables. These findings may have important implications for policymaking.
Moonstruck: Viewing the Moon in the Ottoman World of the Seventeenth Century
Authors: Yaşa Fırat
Published: December 2019

Time is the only phenomenon that encompasses the past, present, and future, giving vitality to all living beings. Throughout history, people have tried to understand this phenomenon by determining its cycles and dividing them into segments. In pre-modern societies, the powerlessness of people against nature made them view time and space as closely connected (time-space continuum).

In traditional Ottoman society, it was thus difficult to measure time. People made calculations using lunar movements. Court astrologers observed the moon and stars, advising sultans when to hold imperial accession ceremonies, celebrate princely births and weddings, or launch ships. In larger towns, at least the prayer times could be determined with assurance: However, villagers were mostly aware only of the day, month, season, and year. Hence, the understanding of time was quite different on the higher and lower rungs of the social ladder.

In this paper, I attempt to answer the following questions: To what extent is it possible to measure time by studying the phases of the moon? What were the meanings that the Ottoman ruling class attached to the moon? For what reasons did ordinary people try to document in the qadi court at what time they saw the new moon, finding witnesses and having the court scribes record their testimonies? My sources are the qadi court records of Anatolian and Crimean cities, with additional information from travelogues and chronicles.
Hierarchy and Friendship: Ottoman Practices of Diplomatic Culture and Communication (1290s–1600)
Authors: Işıksel Güneş
Published: December 2019

Hitherto, no historian has attempted a comprehensive approach to the aims, instruments and practices of Ottoman diplomacy, nor have historians analysed the major claims and evolution of the latter over the longue durée. This article does take a long view, beginning in the 1290s and continuing to the end of territorial expansion, roughly at the turn of the seventeenth century. I propose an exegetic framework to interpret the Ottoman understanding of diplomatic practices, which evolved significantly over the three centuries studied. While changes in the balance of inter-empire power relations were surely a cause, one needs to take account of internal factors as well. As Ottoman sultans and their servitors redefined the political identity of their realm, they redesigned diplomatic practices in conformity with changing priorities.
Mergers and Acquisitions Antecedents in BRICS
Authors: Opoku-Mensah Evans , Yin Yuming , Sandra Asantewaa Ampofo , Tuffour Priscilla
Published: December 2019

This study proposes merger and acquisitions (M&A) antecedents’ model using observations from BRICS countries. It is expected that BRICS countries will remain a hotbed of M&A activity in the future and hence by analyzing BRICS research, we seek to provide a deeper insight into the current state of research, outline new insight, and propose future directions. Using a systematic literature review (SLR) method, we found that antecedents including top leadership role, self-interest of managers, targeted firm’s characteristics, and the dyadic relationship between M&A partners have been limited in BRICS research. We also found that less attention has been devoted to analyzing the antecedents of M&A in countries, such as Russia, Brazil, and South Africa. We construct M&A antecedent’s model with these findings.
Social and Psychological Factors Associated With Health Care Transition for Young Adults Living With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Clayton-Jones Dora , Matthie Nadine , Treadwell Marsha , Field Joshua J. , Mager Amy , Sawdy Rachel , George Dalmida Safiya , Leonard Cynthia , Koch Kathryn L. , Haglund Kristin
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Due to advances in disease management, mortality rates in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) have decreased. However, mortality rates for young adults (YA) increased, and understanding of social and psychological factors is critical. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with health care transition experiences for YA with SCD. Method: This was a qualitative descriptive study. A 45-minute semistructured interview was conducted with 13 YA ( M = 21.5 years, SD = 1.73). Results: Results suggest that social and psychological factors and self-management experiences influence health care transition. Eight themes emerged: “need for accessible support”; “early assistance with goal setting”; “incongruence among expectations, experiences, and preparation”; “spiritual distress”; “stigma”; “need for collaboration”; “appreciation for caring providers”; and “feeling isolated.” Discussion: Consideration of cultural contexts will guide nurses in supporting health care transition. Designing culturally relevant interventions that address unique needs for YA living with SCD is warranted.
Impact of Donor and Recipient CYP3A5*3 Genotype on Tacrolimus Population Pharmacokinetics in Chinese Adult Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Shao Jia , Wang Chenyu , Fu Peng , Chen Fan , Zhang Yi , Wei Jinxia
Published: December 2019

Background: Tacrolimus (TAC) is widely used after liver transplantation, but the therapeutic window is narrow. Objective: The purpose was to study both donor and recipient CYP3A5*3 genotypes affecting TAC apparent clearance rate (CL/F) and investigate a TAC population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model in Chinese liver transplant recipients for potential starting-dose individualized medication. Methods: A data set of 721 TAC concentrations was obtained from 43 adult liver transplant recipients. The TAC PPK model was analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. Potential covariates, including demographic characteristics, physiological and pathological data, concomitant medications, and CYP3A5*3 genotype, were evaluated. The final model was validated using normalized prediction distribution errors and bootstrapping. Results: A 2-compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination was used to describe TAC disposition. Population estimates of TAC, CL/F, apparent central distribution volume (V2/F), rate of absorption (Ka), and apparent peripheral distribution volume (V3/F) were 18.1 L/h (12%), 72.7 L (34%), 0.163 h−1 (17%), and 412 L (21%), respectively. The model and estimated parameters were found to be stable. Other covariates did not influence TAC CL/F. Both donor and recipient CYP3A5*1 genotypes were significantly correlated with TAC clearance, and CL/F was 1.70-fold higher in both donor and recipient CYP3A5*1 carriers than in noncarriers among Chinese liver transplant recipients. Conclusion and Relevance: A PPK model of TAC was established in Chinese adult liver transplantation recipients for starting-dose individualized medication, which can be expanded to optimize clinical efficacy and minimize toxicity with therapeutic drug monitoring.
Comparison of Vancomycin Area-Under-the-Curve Dosing Versus Trough Target–Based Dosing in Obese and Nonobese Patients With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Authors: Covvey Jordan R. , Erickson Olivia , Fiumara David , Mazzei Kelly , Moszczenski Zachary , Slipak Kelly , Nemecek Branden D. , Zimmerman David E. , Guarascio Anthony J.
Published: December 2019

Background: A vancomycin target of area under the curve to minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC:MIC) ratio ≥400 is recommended for treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. Objective: To evaluate vancomycin total daily dose (TDD) achieving trough targets versus a calculated strategy achieving AUC targets based on body mass index (BMI). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed within a large hospital network. Patients with MRSA bacteremia were eligible if they received vancomycin with a steady-state trough (15-20 mg/L). Cockcroft-Gault was used to estimate creatinine clearance, calculating vancomycin clearance and AUC. Patients were stratified by BMI (less than/greater than 30 kg/m2). The primary outcome was vancomycin TDD for the trough-based strategy compared with an AUC-dosing strategy. Results: A total of 119 patients were included, including 51 (42.9%) and 68 (57.1%) patients with high- and low-BMI, respectively. The TDD for trough-based dosing (2390.76 ± 1224.59 mg) differed significantly from AUC-based dosing (1985.07 ± 616.18 mg) across the cohort ( P = 0.0014). For patients with high BMI, there was a significant difference ( P < 0.0001) in TDD between trough (2637.25 ± 1327.89 mg) versus AUC (1918.71 ± 625.89 mg) strategies. No difference in TDD between dosing strategies was observed among low-BMI patients. Across all patients, 46 (38.7%) experienced acute kidney injury (AKI); high-BMI patients experienced higher rates of AKI compared with low-BMI patients (54.9 vs 26.5%; P = 0.002). Conclusions and Relevance: An AUC-based dosing strategy may reduce vancomycin TDD required for MRSA bacteremia compared with trough-based dosing, particularly for patients with higher BMI.
Effects of nonlinear interactions of flexural modes on the performance of a beam autoparametric vibration absorber
Authors: Mahmoudkhani Saeed , Soleymani Meymand Hodjat
Published: December 2019

The performance of the cantilever beam autoparametric vibration absorber with a lumped mass attached at an arbitrary point on the beam span is investigated. The absorber would have a distinct feature that in addition to the two-to-one internal resonance, the one-to-three and one-to-five internal resonances would also occur between flexural modes of the beam by tuning the mass and position of the lumped mass. Special attention is paid on studying the effect of these resonances on increasing the effectiveness and extending the range of excitation amplitudes at which the autoparametric vibration absorber remains effective. The problem is formulated based on the third-order nonlinear Euler–Bernoulli beam theory, where the assumed-mode method is used for deriving the discretized equations of motion. The numerical continuation method is then applied to obtain the frequency response curves and detect the bifurcation points. The harmonic balance method is also employed for detecting the type of internal resonances between flexural modes by inspecting the frequency response curves corresponding to different harmonics of the response. Parametric studies on the performance of the absorber are conducted by varying the position and mass of the lumped mass, while the frequency ratio of the primary system to the first mode of the beam is kept equal to two. Results indicated that the one-to-five internal resonance is especially responsible for the considerable enhancement of the performance.
Dynamic analysis of functionally graded carbon nanotube–reinforced shell structures with piezoelectric layers under dynamic loads
Authors: Mallek Hanen , Jrad Hanen , Wali Mondher , Kessentini Amir , Gamaoun Fehmi , Dammak Fakhreddine
Published: December 2019

This research makes a first attempt to investigate the dynamic characteristics of functionally graded carbon nanotube–reinforced composite plates and shell structures with surface-bonded piezoelectric layers. A variational formulation is derived based on the linear double director shell theory to ensure realistic parabolic variation of transverse shear strain along the thickness direction. The assumed natural strains method is adopted to enhance the accuracy of the four-node piezoelectric shell element developed in this study. Numerical studies are conducted to validate the efficiency and numerical stability of the proposed model to predict the behavior of piezolaminated composite shell structures. Furthermore, dynamic responses are extended to functionally graded carbon nanotube–reinforced composite shells covered by two active layers. The host structure is reinforced by single-walled carbon nanotubes, which are assumed to be graded through the thickness direction with different types of distributions and embedded in a polymer matrix. The effect of the volume fractions, distribution type, and geometrical parameters of the carbon nanotubes is examined.
Challenges of Media Ethics Education in Lebanon in the Midst of Political and Economic Pressure
Authors: Bou Zeid Maria , El-Khoury Jessica R.
Published: December 2019

The Lebanese media sector has played a pioneering role in the Arab world due to its free and diverse system. However, the lack of professional and ethical structures in journalistic practices can be attributed to political and economic pressures. Through both a quantitative and qualitative methodology, this study contributes to the complex boundaries of the Lebanese media landscape that make the gap between media ethics education and real-world pressures in need of sustained analysis. This research aims to explore the challenges media ethics education in Lebanon faces, along with the perceptions formed by media students about journalistic practices and the application of moral reasoning in the field. In addition, the study investigates whether media ethics courses prepare students for settling moral dilemmas in the professional arena. To address the multiple factors affecting ethics education, it is significant to understand the relationship between journalists and power, democratic norms, technological change, global community, and academic critiques. Survey and focus groups results indicated that the majority of students rated moral reasoning as important for their future media professions, and that the media ethics course prepares them for professional life. On the other hand, the majority believe that the corrupt system in Lebanon makes journalists resort to unethical practices which in turn compromise journalists’ credibility and integrity. Students consider that journalists have power as the so-called fourth estate, yet that power seems minimal when journalists lack the freedom to write facts without fear from editors and/or gatekeepers’ political views, economic pressure, and on-the-job demands, placing journalistic integrity again at stake.
Analytical and numerical simulations of a pressurized functionally graded smart spherical cap
Authors: Qoliha Amir , Fadaee Mohammad
Published: December 2019

To measure changes in pressure, strain or force in pressurized spherical shells used in caps and nose of a spacecraft, piezoelectric layers as sensors are used. In this article, axisymmetric bending analysis of a hybrid piezoelectric layered functionally graded spherical cap is analytically investigated. The piezoelectric face layers behave as sensors. Using thin shell theory in a polar coordinate as well as a new decoupling method, the differential equations for the shell with electrical and mechanical coupling are exactly solved. The pressurized spherical cap is subjected to external pressure and properties of the functionally graded material are changed through the thickness of the shell. The displacement, stress, and electric potential of the hybrid piezoelectric layered functionally graded spherical cap are analytically derived and then, the accuracy and performance of these results are validated by a finite element model and literature. Finally, the effects of various parameters such as piezoelectricity, material grading index, thickness to radius and curvature ratios are examined.
Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis Presenting as a Scrotal Mass in an Elderly Male: Malignancy or Mimicker?
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Ramteke Prashant , Satapathy Abhishek , Ray MD
Published: December 2019

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a rare, destructive pattern of inflammation, affecting different organs, that often produces a mass-like lesion, simulating malignancy. Although benign, it can coexist with malignancy. We, herein, report the case of a 60-year-old male patient, who presented with a testicular mass that was partly necrotic and showed heterogeneous enhancement on contrast study. Testicular tumor markers were normal. In view of clinicoradiological suspicion of a malignant cause, high inguinal orchidectomy was performed. However, histopathology showed features of a xanthogranulomatous orchitis with no evidence of any malignancy. Pathologists must be aware of this entity as definitive diagnosis requires histopathologic examination and adequate sampling must be done to rule out a coexistent malignancy.
A novel use of telemedicine during a hospital mass casualty drill
Authors: Farmer Brenna , Stoerger Lauren , Vyavahare Medha , Sharma Rahul
Published: December 2019

During a mass casualty disaster drill at NewYork-Presbyterian’s Lower Manhattan Hospital in April 2019, the Emergency Department (ED) used telemedicine to see low-acuity ‘walking wounded’ patients. This telemedicine service is provided every day as ED Express Care Service and staffed by off-site, board-certified Emergency Medicine attending physicians. This novel use of the ED Express Care Service allowed the ED to provide timely, safe, quality care while expanding resources and ED capacity through rapid assessment, treatment and discharge of the low-acuity patients.
Horizontal heat impacts of a bare facade on air temperature in an adjacent green plot within pedestrian heights in Beijing
Authors: Zhou Hongxuan , Wang Guan , Hu Dan , Sun Jing
Published: December 2019

This study focuses on the horizontal heat impact of facades on the surrounding atmospheric environment at pedestrian heights. The results show that (1) the horizontal heat impact of a facade on the surrounding atmosphere was relatively uniform due to the homogeneous energy flux near the facade; (2) the significance of horizontal heat impacts gradually weakened with height, and the average significance was 48.74% in the spring and 47.81% in the summer; (3) energy factors, such as net radiation, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, and ground radiation, influenced the significance of the air temperature difference between the two observation sites where the investigation was conducted; one site was near the facade (distance = 0.30 m), the other one was far from the wall (distance = 10 m), and no dominant factor was found; and (4) the sensible heat flux was higher at the site near the facade than at the site far from the facade at the 0.05 significance level in the summer, which could be attributed to the strong horizontal heat impact from the facade. In contrast, the impact of the facade on the latent heat flux was not significant at the 0.05 significance level in the summer.
Study on the preparation of amine-modified silicate MCM-41 adsorbent and its H2S removal performance
Authors: Zhang Jiaojing , Song Hua , Chen Yanguang , Hao Tianzhen , Li Feng , Yuan Dandan , Wang Xueqin , Zhao Liang , Gao Jinsen
Published: December 2019

A series of APTMS ((3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane)-modified silicate MCM-41 adsorbents ( x-APTMS/MCM-41, x is the volume of APTMS per 1 g of silicate MCM-41) with different APTMS contents was prepared, and the effects of APTMS content on the desulfurization performance of the APTMS/MCM-41 adsorbents were studied in a fixed adsorption bed using H2S and N2 mixture as a model gas. The as-prepared adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, N2 adsorption–desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The results showed that all the APTMS-modified x-APTMS/MCM-41 adsorbents retained the mesoporous silica structure of MCM-41. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller-specific surface area of x-APTMS/MCM-41 increased slightly with increasing x at first and then decreased with further increasing APTMS content. The H2S removal performances of x-APTMS/MCM-41 adsorbents decreased in the order 0.6-APTMS/MCM-41 > 0.7-APTMS/MCM-41 > 0.5-APTMS/MCM-41 > 0.4-APTMS/MCM-41 > 0.8-APTMS/MCM-41. At x = 0.6, the maximum H2S removal rate of 54.2% and H2S saturated capacity of 134.4 mg g−1 were observed. The regeneration experiment of 0.6-APTMS/MCM-41 adsorbent after three times regeneration at 423 K for 3 h in nitrogen confirmed that it possessed a good regenerability.
Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of carbon yarn-based woven fabrics
Authors: Pamuk Gulsah , Kayacan Özlem , Kayacan Ozan , Seçkin Uğurlu Şebnem
Published: December 2019

In this study, hybrid and 100% carbon woven fabrics have been investigated for their electromagnetic shielding performance in the frequencies, ranging from 700 MHz to 3 GHz. The shielding effectiveness of plain, twill, and satin woven fabrics was assessed by free space measurement technique. The experimental results showed that carbon-based woven fabrics have an optimum electromagnetic shielding efficiency at different measured frequencies. As expected, the shielding effectiveness of the structure improved with the amount of carbon yarn in the fabric structure. Analyses of the different weave types revealed that twill 2/1 fabric construction showed the best performance compared to the others due to the large number of intersection points of yarns in the fabric structure.
Brief Experimental Analysis of Math Interventions: A Synthesis of Evidence
Authors: McKevett Nicole M. , Codding Robin S.
Published: December 2019

Brief experimental analysis (BEA) is a quick method used to identify the function of student learning difficulties and match effective interventions to students’ needs. Extensive work has been done to explore the use of this methodology to determine effective reading interventions; however, a smaller number of published studies have examined the use of BEAs in math. The purpose of the current review was to identify all studies that have used BEA methodology in math. Fifteen studies that included 63 participants and used BEA methodology to identify the most effective math intervention for students were located. Results of the synthesis indicate that the majority of BEAs compared skill and performance interventions on computational fluency; however, the methodology across the included studies varied. Strengths and limitations of the research, in addition to implications for research and practice, are discussed.
Construction and Examination of Math Subskill Mastery Measures
Authors: VanDerHeyden Amanda M. , Broussard Carmen
Published: December 2019

This study details the construction of parameters for generating subskill mastery math measures to be used for screening, intervention planning, progress monitoring, and proximal program evaluation. Parameters for generating assessment measures were built and tested to verify initial equivalence of generated measures using potential digits correct as a proxy for task difficulty across generated measures. Generated measures met initial equivalence criteria and were subjected to further reliability analysis. Measures were generated and administered 1 week apart at fall and winter to students in Grades K, 1, 3, 5, and 7. Thirty-four screening measures were examined for delayed alternate form reliability, risk decision agreement, and interobserver agreement. Delayed alternate form reliability values generally exceeded r = .80, could be reliably scored, and yielded consistent risk decisions. Future research directions were discussed.
The Relationship Between IDH1 Mutation Status and Metabolic Imaging in Nonenhancing Supratentorial Diffuse Gliomas: A 11C-MET PET Study
Authors: Kudulaiti Nijiati , Zhang Huiwei , Qiu Tianming , Lu Junfeng , Aibaidula Abudumijiti , Zhang Zhengwei , Guan Yihui , Zhuang Dongxiao
Published: December 2019

Purpose:

We evaluated the relationship between isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation status and metabolic imaging in patients with nonenhancing supratentorial diffuse gliomas using 11C-methionine positron emission tomography (11C-MET PET).

Materials and Methods:

Between June 2012 and November 2017, we enrolled 86 (38 women and 48 men; mean age, 41.9 ± 13.1 years [range, 8-67 years]) patients with newly diagnosed supratentorial diffuse gliomas. All patients underwent preoperative 11C-MET PET. Tumor samples were obtained and immunohistochemically analyzed for IDH1 mutation status.

Results:

The mutant and wild-type IDH1 diffuse gliomas had significantly different mean maximum standardized uptake value values (2.73 [95% confidence interval, CI: 2.32-3.16] vs 3.85 [95% CI: 3.22-4.51], respectively; P = .004) and mean tumor-to-background ratio (1.90 [95% CI: 1.65-2.16] vs 2.59 [95% CI: 2.17-3.04], respectively; P = .007).

Conclusions:

11C-methionine PET can noninvasively evaluate the IDH1 mutation status of patients with nonenhancing supratentorial diffuse gliomas.
Exploiting visual cues for safe and flexible cyber-physical production systems
Authors: Islam Syed Osama Bin , Lughmani Waqas Akbar , Qureshi Waqar Shahid , Khalid Azfar , Mariscal Miguel Angel , Garcia-Herrero Susana
Published: December 2019

Human workers are envisioned to work alongside robots and other intelligent factory modules, and fulfill supervision tasks in future smart factories. Technological developments, during the last few years, in the field of smart factory automation have introduced the concept of cyber-physical systems, which further expanded to cyber-physical production systems. In this context, the role of collaborative robots is significant and depends largely on the advanced capabilities of collision detection, impedance control, and learning new tasks based on artificial intelligence. The system components, collaborative robots, and humans need to communicate for collective decision-making. This requires processing of shared information keeping in consideration the available knowledge, reasoning, and flexible systems that are resilient to the real-time dynamic changes on the industry floor as well as within the communication and computer network infrastructure. This article presents an ontology-based approach to solve industrial scenarios for safety applications in cyber-physical production systems. A case study of an industrial scenario is presented to validate the approach in which visual cues are used to detect and react to dynamic changes in real time. Multiple scenarios are tested for simultaneous detection and prioritization to enhance the learning surface of the intelligent production system with the goal to automate safety-based decisions.
The space-time conservation element and solution element scheme for simulating two-phase flow in pipes
Authors: Danish Aslam Rana , Ali Ashiq , Rehman Asad , Qamar Shamsul
Published: December 2019

In this article, the space-time conservation element and solution element scheme is extended to simulate the unsteady compressible two-phase flow in pipes. The model is non-conservative and the governing equations consist of three equations, namely, two mass conservation equations for each phase and one mixture-momentum equation. In the third equation, the non-conservative source term appears, which describes the sum of gravitational and frictional forces. The presence of source term and two mass conservation equations in considered model offers difficulties in developing the accurate and robust numerical techniques. The suggested space-time conservation element and solution element numerical scheme resolves the volume-contact discontinuities efficiently. Furthermore, the modified central upwind scheme is also extended to solve the same two-phase flow model. The number of test problems is considered, and the results obtained by space-time conservation element and solution element scheme are compared with the solutions of modified central upwind scheme. The numerical results show better performance of the space-time conservation element and solution element method as compare to the modified central upwind scheme.
Incidence, morbidity, and mortality of traumatic superior mesenteric artery injuries compared to other visceral arteries
Authors: Maithel Shelley , Grigorian Areg , Fujitani Roy M , Kabutey Nii-Kabu , Sheehan Brian M , Gambhir Sahil , Chen Samuel L , Nahmias Jeffry
Published: December 2019

Objectives

Celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery injuries are often grouped together as major visceral artery injuries with an incidence of <1%. The mortality rates range from 38–75% for celiac artery injuries and 25–68% for superior mesenteric artery injuries. No large series have investigated the mortality rate of inferior mesenteric artery injuries. We hypothesize that from all the major visceral artery injuries, superior mesenteric artery injury leads to the highest risk of mortality in adult trauma patients.

Methods

The Trauma Quality Improvement Program (2010–2016) was queried for patients with injury to the celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, or inferior mesenteric artery. A multivariable logistic regression model was used for analysis. Separate subset analyses using blunt trauma patients and penetrating trauma patients were performed.

Results

From 1,403,466 patients, 1730 had single visceral artery injuries with 699 (40.4%) involving the celiac artery, 889 (51.4%) involving the superior mesenteric artery, and 142 (8.2%) involving the inferior mesenteric artery. The majority of patients were male (79.2%) with a median age of 39 years old, and median injury severity score of 22. Compared to celiac artery and inferior mesenteric artery injuries, superior mesenteric artery injuries had a higher rate of severe (grade >3) abbreviated injury scale for the abdomen (57.5% vs. 42.5%, p < 0.001). The overall mortality for patients with a single visceral artery injury was 20%. Patients with superior mesenteric artery injury had higher mortality compared to those with celiac artery and inferior mesenteric artery injuries (23.7% vs. 16.3%, p < 0.001). After controlling for covariates, traumatic superior mesenteric artery injury increased risk of mortality (OR = 1.72, CI = 1.24–2.37, p < 0.01) in adult trauma patients, while celiac artery ( p = 0.59) and inferior mesenteric artery ( p = 0.31) injury did not. After stratifying by mechanism, superior mesenteric artery injury increased risk of mortality (OR = 3.65, CI = 2.01–6.45, p < 0.001) in adult trauma patients with penetrating mechanism of injury but not in those with blunt force mechanism (OR = 1.22, CI = 0.81–1.85, p = 0.34).

Conclusions

Compared to injuries of the celiac artery and inferior mesenteric artery, traumatic superior mesenteric artery injury is associated with a higher mortality. Moreover, while superior mesenteric artery injury does not act as an independent risk factor for mortality in adult patients with blunt force trauma, it nearly quadruples the risk of mortality in adult trauma patients with penetrating mechanism of injury. Future prospective research is needed to confirm these findings and evaluate factors to improve survival following major visceral artery injury.
Perceived coach supports and at-risk boys’ motivation at a summer sports camp: A commonality analysis
Authors: Liu Jiling , Xiang Ping , McBride Ron E , Juzaily Nasnoor
Published: December 2019

Guided by Self-Determination Theory, this study examined the relative importance of perceived coach supports in facilitating at-risk boys’ motivation toward physical activity. Participants were 76 at-risk boys ( Mage = 11.87 years, SD = 1.22) at a summer sports camp in the southwestern USA. Data were collected using two established questionnaires and analyzed through commonality analysis. Perceived supports for autonomy, competence, and relatedness together explained 25.5% of variance in autonomous motivation, and perceived competence support was the most powerful predictor. In predicting amotivation ( R2 = .19, p <  .001), perceived competence support and perceived relatedness support were significant individual predictors while perceived autonomy support emerged as a suppressor. Perceived competence support appeared to be the strongest predictor of autonomous motivation, and the three supports were all important to diminishing amotivation. The results suggest that in similar physical activity settings, coaches should provide supports for competency, connectedness, and autonomy among participants.
TROP2 overexpression in colorectal liver oligometastases is associated with poor prognosis after liver resection
Authors: Peng Jianhong , Ou Qingjian , Deng Yuxiang , Xiao Binyi , Zhang Lin , Li Jibin , Li Yin , Wan Desen , Lu Zhenhai , Fang Yujing
Published: December 2019

Background:

The aim of this study was to assess trophoblast antigen protein 2 (TROP2) expression in liver oligometastases and its prognostic value for colorectal liver oligometastasis (CLO) patients undergoing liver resection.

Methods:

We retrospectively selected 129 consecutive CLO patients who underwent curative liver resection between June 1999 and December 2016. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to detect TROP2 expression in paraffin-embedded specimens. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test, and independent prognostic factors were identified with Cox regression modeling.

Results:

TROP2 was expressed in 72.9% (94/129) of liver oligometastatic tissues. TROP2 expression in primary tumors and liver oligometastases was significantly positively correlated ( r = 0.758, p < 0.001). Survival analysis indicated that CLO patients with high TROP2 expression had worse 3-year RFS (44.2% versus 66.4%, p = 0.007) and 3-year OS rates (70.3% versus 85.4%, p = 0.035) than did those with low TROP2 expression. Multivariate analysis indicated that high TROP2 expression was independently associated with poor RFS [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.017; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.198–3.396; p = 0.023] and OS (HR = 2.090; 95% CI 1.037–4.214; p = 0.039). Gene expression profile analysis indicated that high TROP2 expression was associated with TNFα signaling via NF-κB, the inflammatory response and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Conclusions:

TROP2 overexpression was associated with an unfavorable oncologic prognosis in patients with CLO undergoing liver resection. Detecting TROP2 expression may be valuable for guiding postoperative treatment among CLO patients.
Knowledge and documentation of patient health information among traditional health practitioners in urban and peri-urban areas of eThekwini Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
Authors: Zhandire Tracy , Gqaleni Nceba , Ngcobo Mlungisi , Gomo Exnevia
Published: December 2019

Background:

Documentation of patient health information (PHI) is a regulatory requirement and hence a standard procedure in allopathic healthcare practice. The opposite is true for African traditional medicine (ATM) in most African countries, including South Africa, despite legal and policy frameworks that recognise and mandate the institutionalisation of ATM. Developing good practice standards for PHI documentation is an essential step in the institutionalisation of ATM.

Objective:

This study examined the knowledge and practices of documentation of PHI by traditional health practitioners (THPs) in Durban, eThekwini Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.

Methods:

In this quantitative cross-sectional study, snowball sampling was used to identify and recruit THPs. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to gather data. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to assess associations of knowledge and practice of documentation of PHI with potential predictors; age, gender, education, type of practitioner, experience, number of patients seen per day and location of the practice.

Results:

Of the 248 THPs who participated, 71.8% were female. Mean (SD) age was 47.4 (14.2), ranging 18–81 years. The majority (65.7%) were Izangoma (diviners). Overall, 42.9% of the THPs reported knowledge of patient medical records (PMRs). In logistic regression, only number of patients seen per day remained a significant predictor of knowledge about PMR. THPs who reported seeing 6–10 patients were five times more likely (Odds Ratio (OR): 5.164, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.270–20.996; p = 0.022) to report knowledge of PMR than those seeing <6 patients per day. Overall, 25.0% of THPs reported that they were documenting some PHI. Documentation was associated with having knowledge of PMR (OR: 29.323, 95% CI: 10.455–82.241; p < 0.0001) and being an Isangoma (OR: 3.251, 95% CI: 1.092–9.679; p = 0.02). Not knowing what (56.5%) and how (50.5%) to record were the most commonly cited reasons for not documenting.

Conclusion:

Knowledge of PMR is low, and the practice of documenting PHI is even lower among THPs in eThekwini. That knowledge of PMR was a strong predictor of documentation practice, and the most common reason for not documenting was lack of knowledge about what and how to document suggests that training could improve PHI documentation in traditional medicine practice.
Analytical validation of the CellMax platform for early detection of cancer by enumeration of rare circulating tumor cells
Authors: Gupta Pratyush , Gulzar Zulfiqar , Hsieh Ben , Lim Austin , Watson Drew , Mei Rui
Published: December 2019

The CellMax (CMx®) platform was developed to enrich for epithelial circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the whole blood. This report provides assay performance data, including accuracy, linearity, limit of blank, limit of detection (LOD), specificity, and precision of enumeration of cancer cell line cells (CLCs) spiked in cell culture medium or healthy donor blood samples. Additionally, assay specificity was demonstrated in 32 young healthy donors and clinical feasibility was demonstrated in a cohort of 47 subjects consisting of healthy donors and patients who were colonoscopy verified to have colorectal cancer, adenomas, or a negative result. The CMx platform demonstrated high accuracy, linearity, and sensitivity for the enumeration of all CLC concentrations tested, including the extremely low range of 1 to 10 cells in 2 mL of blood, which is most relevant for early cancer detection. Theoretically, the assay LOD is 0.71 CTCs in 2 mL of blood. The analytical specificity was 100% demonstrated using 32 young healthy donor samples. We also demonstrated precision across multiple days and multiple operators, with good reproducibility of recovery efficiency. In a clinical feasibility study, the CMx platform identified 8 of 10 diseased subjects as positive (80% clinical sensitivity) and 4 of 5 controls as negative (80% clinical specificity). We also compared processing time and transportation effects for similar blood samples from two different sites and assessed an artificial intelligence-based counting method. Finally, unlike other platforms for which captured CTCs are retained on ferromagnetic beads or tethered to the slide surface, the CMx platform’s unique airfoam-enabled release of CTCs allows captured cells to be transferred from a microfluidic chip to an Eppendorf tube, enabling a seamless transition to downstream applications such as genetic analyses and live cell manipulations.
Preclinical verification of the efficacy by targeting peptide-linked liposomal nanoparticles for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy
Authors: Wu Cheng-Der , Lee Jen-Chieh , Wu Hang-Chung , Lee Chung-Wei , Lin Chih-Feng , Hsu Ming-Chen , Lin Chin-Tarng
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of targeting peptides chemotherapy to overcome adverse event in the conventional chemotherapy for human hepatocellular carcinoma. Previously we reported several cancer-targeting peptides that bind specifically to cancer cells and their vascular endothelia: L-peptide (anti-cancer cell membrane), RLLDTNRPLLPY; SP-94-peptide (anti-hepatoma cell membrane), SFSHHTPILP; PC5-52-peptide (anti-tumor endothelia), SVSVGMKPSPRP; and control peptide, RLLDTNRGGGGG. In this study, these peptides were linked to liposomal iron oxide nanoparticles to localize the targeted tumor cells and endothelia, and to dextran-coated liposomal doxorubicin (L-D) to treat nonobese diabetic severe combined immunodeficient mice bearing hepatoma xenografts. Our results showed that L-peptide-linked liposomal doxorubicin could inhibit tumor growth with very mild adverse events. Use of the control peptide led to a decrease in the xenograft size but also led to marked apoptotic change in the visceral organ. In conclusion, L-peptide-linked liposomal doxorubicin, SP-94-peptide, and PC5-52-peptide can be used for the treatment of hepatoma xenografts in nonobese diabetic severe combined immunodeficient mice with minimal adverse events.
The Future City Index: An Application of Computerized Text-Based Analysis to the Measurement of Community-Level Futures-Orientation
Authors: McBride Mina , Daniels Kimberly , Hines Andy
Published: December 2019

Most of the data created and made available by today’s communication platforms are generated organically without regard to potential insights that could be gained by careful study making such platforms a valuable source of data that may prove to have more validity than self-reports. Word-frequency computerized text-based analysis has been employed to discover the characteristics, traits, and sentiments of populations. The Future City Index (FCI) is an application of this methodology that has implications and relevance for strategic foresight practitioners, policymakers, industry, and urban planners. Currently in development, the FCI ranks cities according to the frequency of meaningful futures-oriented language in daily word use within a determined geographic location.