bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Serum Procalcitonin Levels between Patients with Acute
Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD) and
Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Jafari Nejad Sakineh Haj , Behzadi Anahita , Shafiepour Mohsen , Dalfardi Behnam , Langari Ahmad Alinaghi , Ahmadipour Habibeh , Shafahi Ahmad , Fekri Mitra Samareh
Published: March 2023

Background:

This study aimed to compare the serum levels of procalcitonin in the pa-tients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the emergency ward of Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 45 patients with stable COPD and 45 pa-tients with AECOPD. Patients were divided into four groups based on COPD severity assessment. Serum procalcitonin levels were measured using an ELISA kit..

Results:

The mean age of patients in the exacerbation and the stable group was 60.97 ± 12.61 and 62.53 ± 11.04 years, respectively. Serum procalcitonin levels in two exacerbation groups (215.22 ± 19.84) were higher than stable groups (127.92 ± 8.97) (P = 0.001). The accuracy of this test for diagnosing acute attack in terms of AECOPD was 77%, and the serum procalcitonin level of 132.6 was found to be the best cut-off point to diagnose acute disease. The mean serum procalcitonin le-vels of stage D patients in the acute attack group were substantially higher than those of stages D and B patients in the stable group (P = 0.001). Serum procalcitonin levels were related to body mass index (P = 0.01), post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (P = 0.028), and the number of hospitalizations per year (P = 0.001). By increasing the serum procalcitonin levels, BMI and number of admissions per year increase, and post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC decreases.

Conclusion:

The mean serum levels of procalcitonin in the group with attacks due to COPD was significantly higher than the stable group.
Coronary Cameral Fistula Disclosed by Echocardiography: A Case Report of
Typical Findings and Literature Review
Authors: Chan Wan Khey , Chang Yi Yao , Li Ai Hsien
Published: March 2023

Background:

Coronary cameral fistula is a rare cardiovascular anomaly, and usually needs advanced image modalities, such as computerized tomography and/or angiography, to confirm its existence. A few reports in the literature have addressed the role of medical ultrasound in the diagnosis of this disease, without a comprehensive summary of all the valuable echocardiographic features in its diagnosis.

Case Presentation:

Hereby, we presented an 80-year-old lady with exertional dyspnea and angina. We diagnosed coronary cameral fistula from the left anterior descending artery into the left ventricle by echocardiography with "intramyocardial vascular channel and the diastolic flow", and "multiple diastolic flow jets into heart chamber from heart wall". We confirmed the diagnosis with coronary angiography later. In the discussion, we make a comprehensive summary to conclude all the echocardiographic findings of this disease into 3 categories.

Conclusion:

We believe the identification of those findings will prompt the early diagnosis of this rare anomaly.
Evaluation of the Frequency of Tentorial Hypoplasia and Accompanying Gyral
Herniation using MRI
Authors: Turan Aynur , Kaplanoglu Hatice , Akdağ Tuba , Yıldırım Ferhat , Güven Selda , Hekimoğlu Baki
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

The cerebellar tentorium, the second-largest dural reflection in the brain, separates supratentorial and infratentorial structures. This study aimed to
determine the frequency of tentorial hypoplasia (TH) and gyral herniation and their relationship with clinical findings.

Methods:

The standard brain MRIs were examined retrospectively. The presence of TH and laterality were investigated. If hypoplasia was accompanied by a
gyrus extending inferior to the line where the tentorium should be located, this was recorded as tentorial hypoplasia-herniated gyrus (TH-HG),
while the cases with hypoplasia alone were noted as isolated TH. It was also determined which gyrus or gyri were herniated. The clinical findings
of the patients were obtained, and the correlation between HG was explored.

Results:

Standard brain MRIs of the 2051 patients were evaluated. Two hundred ten patients were excluded from the study due to different intracranial
disorders, and 1841 patients, 739 (40.1%) males, and 1102 (59.9%) females, were included. Isolated TH or TH-HG was present in 56 patients,
resulting in a prevalence of 3.04%. Of the patients with TH or TH-HG, 15 were men, and 41 were women. TH and TH-HG were significantly more
common in women (p=0.038). TH-HG was unilateral in 22 (39.2%) patients and bilateral in 21 (37.5%). Left TH was found in 11 (19.6%) patients,
left TH-HG in 29 (51.7%), right TH in eight (14.2%), and left TH-HG in 35 (62.5%).

Conclusion:

Hypoplasia of the tentorium is a rare and unknown anomaly that can be easily diagnosed using MRI, and different gyral herniations may
accompany TH.
Bone Augmentation Techniques with Customized Titanium Meshes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: De Angelis Nicola , Kassim Zethy Hanum , Mohd Yusof Eleena , Yumang Catherine , Menini Maria
Published: March 2023

Background:

A correct tridimensional implant placement requires a sufficient amount of bone to completely satisfy the prosthetic reconstruction. Several techniques can be used to recreate the bone quantity. Among them, titanium meshes have shown great potential in space maintenance and fewer complications in case of exposure. Recently, 3D CAD, CAM technology, and specifically SLM have been used to produce customized meshes in titanium alloy. The aim Purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate new customized meshes compared to traditional ones in terms of new volume of generated bone and the incidence of complications.

Materials and Methods:

A MEDLINE/PubMed literature search was performed to find relevant randomized controlled clinical trials published in English up to and including December 2022. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and SCOPUS were also searched. The main keywords used in the search were: titanium meshe(s), customized titanium meshe(s), combined with AND/OR as Boolean operators, and bone augmentation with/and/or titanium mesh.

Results:

The electronic search identified 1002 papers in total, and after duplicate removal, 500 articles were screened. After a manual screening of the title and abstract, 488 studies were excluded, and 12 articles' full text of 12 articles was analyzed. Further analysis was performed to make sure that the articles matched the inclusion/exclusion criteria of the present review. Six additional articles were excluded in this phase. No meta-analysis was performed due to the heterogeneity of the data.

Conclusion:

By using traditional or customized devices with the newly generated bone volume allowed the implant placement in all cases. Complications were mainly reported as exposure during the healing phase, but the conclusions of whether customized or conventional systems perform one better than the other are still inconclusive.
Differences of Enamel Microhardness Post External Bleaching After Application with Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Phosphate (CPP-ACP) and 5% Sodium Fluoride (NAF)
Authors: Irmaleny Irmaleny , Prisinda Diani , Susilo Marietta
Published: March 2023

Background:

Bleaching is an effort to lighten the color of teeth through the application of chemicals. One of the side effects of bleaching is that it causes demineralization so that the hardness of the enamel will decrease. The hardness of the enamel can be returned back through the mineral laying process, namely remineralization.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were differences in post-bleaching enamel hardness after Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Phosphate (CPP-ACP) or 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) application.

Methods:

In this in-vitro research, bleaching was applied to 30 lower premolars that were divided into three groups, the first group without remineralization, the second group remineralization with CPP-ACP, and the third group remineralization with NAF. Enamel microhardness was measured using Vickers Hardness Tester Machine before bleaching, immediately after bleaching, after application of remineralization pastes, and after 7 days. The teeth were bleached with 40% hydrogen peroxide and underwent remineralization for 7 days.

Results:

The results showed differences in enamel microhardness after using CPP-ACP or 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) application, and the highest post-bleaching enamel hardness was after 5% NaF application. The data were analyzed and tested using ANOVA to measure the differences in hardness between more than 2 groups, and using the post hoc student t-test to measure the differences in violence between the 2 groups. Natural remineralization can occur with saliva but not optimally; therefore, additional remineralizing agents are needed.

Conclusion:

The conclusion of this study was that 5% NaF used as a remineralization agent after in-vitro bleaching could increase enamel microhardness more than CPP-ACP after 7 days of application.
The Use of Social Media in Delivering Rehabilitation Services by Healthcare Professionals at a Rehabilitation Healthcare City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alderaibi Ghadah Mohammed , Bugis Bussma Ahmed
Published: March 2023

Background:

The growing popularity of social media has been welcomed by medical professionals. With an increase in the number of healthcare providers addressing healthcare issues by using social media, such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Snapchat, and Instagram, as well as communicating and educating patients on public health, this new technology has a substantial impact on improving the overall public health.

Objective:

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the challenges and benefits of using social media in delivering rehabilitation healthcare services from the perspective of healthcare workers at a private institution in a rehabilitation healthcare city in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among rehabilitation department staff working at a selected rehabilitation healthcare city in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. An online web-based questionnaire was developed based on previous studies. The survey was distributed to the employees of the rehabilitation department via their work email addresses.

Results:

The study population was 108 healthcare providers. Overall, 77.78% of participants had used social media for over five years. Participants reported using social media for numerous purposes. The majority (35.19%) used it for education purposes, 30.56% used it for networking, and others used it for other things, such as communication with patients, online consultations, and job hunting. Furthermore, 49.07% of participants were already using social media to deliver rehabilitation services.

Conclusion:

The study found that most healthcare providers agreed on the benefits of utilizing social media in the healthcare sector. Most of the benefits were expanding the knowledge of both healthcare workers and patients, easier communication with patients, and also a cost-effective means of communication. However, some of the concerns that were raised by healthcare providers were regarding patients’ privacy and confidentiality, the dissemination of false or misleading information, and legal and ethical considerations.
Caring Behavior and Hourly Rounding: Nurses’ Perception
Authors: Allari Rabia S. , Hamdan Khaldoun
Published: March 2023

Background:

Caring behavior impacts care quality and improves patients’ satisfaction. Hourly rounding aims at preventing missed care and improving hospital patient satisfaction.

Objectives:

This study aimed to examine the Jordanian nurses’ perception of caring behavior and hourly rounding and assess the correlation between perception of caring behavior and hourly rounding.

Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive correlational design was used to conduct this study. A convenience sample of 1378 nurses completed the online Hourly Rounding Questionnaire (HRQ) and the Caring Dimension Inventory (CDI-25).

Results:

Nurses’ lowest agreement about hourly rounding was on the documentation. In comparison, the highest agreement was making patients safer by preventing falls. The mean of caring behavior was 105.39, indicating a high level of care. This study revealed significant differences in nurses’ perceptions of hourly rounding concerning hospital type, shifts, working units, and gender. Moreover, a strong positive correlation was found between nurses’ perceptions of hourly rounding and their perception of caring.

Implications for Nursing:

Nurses should take the psychosocial aspect of the patients as an essential priority when providing care. The nurse leaders are responsible for supervising, supporting, and evaluating that hourly rounding according to policy and protocols.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated the importance of hourly rounding and caring behavior and their correlation.
What Support do family Caregivers For Mental Health Care Users Receive From Healthcare Professionals And Family Members? A Qualitative Study
Authors: Raluthaga Nelson , Shilubane Hilda N. , Mulondo Seani A. , Khoza Lunic B.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Due to the mental health reforms in developed countries, the focus of mental healthcare services has shifted from hospital-based to community-based care. This suggests that family members are expected to care for their Menal Health Care User (MHCUs). This study aimed to explore the support caregivers for MHCUs receive from healthcare professionals and other family members.

Methods:

The participants were conveniently selected from the primary healthcare centres. Unstructured interviews were conducted with twelve family caregivers. Data were analyzed using Tesch’s open coding method. Ethical issues and trustworthiness were followed throughout the study.

Results:

The study revealed two themes, poor support from healthcare professionals and poor support from family members, and seven sub-themes.

Conclusion:

There is a dearth of information about the support offered to family caregivers of MHCUs in the context of South Africa. Training programs for caregivers are recommended to improve psychological well-being and social support while decreasing the caregiver burden.
Factors affecting financial risks: Evidence from steel enterprises listed on Vietnam's stock market
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, Academy of Finance, Hanoi, Vietnam, Ho Thi Hoai Thu , Pham Thi Thu Ha ,   Faculty of Taxation and Customs, Academy of Finance, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Trong Than ,   Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Academy of Finance, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Quynh Nhu ,   Faculty of Economics, Academy of Finance, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this article is to analyze and determine the influence of factors on the financial risks of enterprises in the steel industry listed on Vietnam's stock market. The data of the article are collected and calculated from the financial statements of 26 steel companies listed on the Vietnamese stock market from 2013 to 2020. With the application of E-view software in quantitative analysis to build a panel data regression model, the article has built a regression model to determine the relationship of internal factors affecting the financial risks of steel industry enterprises listed on the Vietnamese stock market. The results indicate that short-term payment ratio, return on assets, asset turnover ratio, working capital turnover, receivables turnover, debt maturity structure, and the ratio of long-term assets have a negative effect on financial risks, while debt ratio has a positive effect on financial risks of steel companies listed on Vietnam’s stock market. The findings of this article are considered to be useful for business managers in helping them to make the right financial decisions to control risks and increase corporate value in their condition.
Investigating the educational competency of student nurses in holistic nursing: Recalibrating holistic education
Authors:   College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia, Albaqawi Hamdan , Butcon Vincent Edward , Albagawi Bander Saad , Alshammari Mohammed Hamdan , Pangket Petelyne , Dayrit Richard Dennis
Published: March 2023

Teaching nursing students a holistic approach to patient care and integrating treatment modalities is a crucial component of traditional holistic nursing education. This study aims to investigate the educational competency of student nurses in holistic nursing by employing a descriptive comparative design among the 209 student nurses from the University of Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Results showed that the student nurses perceived that they have been skillful in the following; professional, legal, and ethical nursing (3.22±.455), management (3.27±.492), leadership (3.29±.493), and professionalism (3.32±.505). On gender and professional, legal, and ethical nursing, there found significant gender differences (t=.822; p=.012). Also, management was found to have significant differences with gender (t=.281; p=.009). Leadership (t=-.694; p>488) and professionalism (t=.885; p>.377) were found to have no significant difference with gender. Moreover, the professional, legal, and ethical nursing (t=.822; p<.001) and management (t=.910; p<.001) were found to have significant differences with the age of the student nurses, while leadership (t=.231; p>.794), and professionalism (t=.270; p>.764) were found no significant difference with age. On civil status, there found a significant difference in professional, legal, and ethical nursing (t=1.337; p<0.001). Meanwhile, management (t=.992; p>.397), leadership (t=.142p>.935), and professionalism (t=1.122; p>.341) were found to have no significant difference with civil status. Incorporating holistic nursing into nursing courses and research programs would help educate student nurses for multicultural practice contexts as healthcare settings become more diverse.
Schottky barrier in Si-M structures of solid-state lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Rudy A. S.  , Mironenko A. A.  , Naumov V. V.  , Churilov A. B.
Published: March 2023

The results of measuring the charge-discharge characteristics of solid-state thin-film lithium-ion batteries with a nanocomposite anode based on the a-Si(Al) solid solution are presented. The charging characteristics of batteries have a feature in the form of a step on the gentle branch of the U(t) curve. It has been suggested and substantiated that the appearance of the step is related to the gradual compensation and change of the a-Si(Al) hole conductivity to electronic one as the lithium concentration increases. As a result, the a-Si(Al)|Ti ohmic contact becomes rectifying, and the electrons participating in the Faraday process have to overcome the Schottky barrier. The potential growth required to maintain the galvanostatic charge regime manifests itself as a step on the charge curve. Keywords: thin film solid-state lithium-ion battery, amorphous silicon, solid solution, sp3 hybridization, lithiation, Schottky barrier.
Two-state lasing in injection microdisks with InAs/InGaAs quantum dots
Authors: Makhov I. S.  , Beckman A. A.  , Kulagina M. M.  , Guseva Yu. A.  , Kryzhanovskaya N. V.  , Nadtochiy A. M.  , Maximov M. V.  , Zhukov A. E.
Published: March 2023

Spectral dependencies of the electroluminescence intensity of a microdisk laser with a diameter of 31 μm with active region based on InAs/InGaAs quantum dots, operating in the continuous-wave regime, are investigated in a wide range of injection currents. Simultaneous lasing through the ground and excited states of quantum dots under intense excitation is demonstrated in injection microdisk laser for the first time. At low pumping powers lasing occurs via ground states of quantum dots only. Keywords: microlaser, quantum dots, two-state lasing, ground state, excited state.
The influence of condensation on the supersonic flow sizes
Authors: Dubrovin K. A.  , Zarvin A. E.  , Yaskin A. S.  , Kalyada V. V.
Published: March 2023

The role of condensation on the shape and size of a supersonic argon stream flowing from a nozzle into a rarefied space is considered. It is shown that with the growth of cluster sizes, both the primary "traditional" supersonic jet and the external cluster flow formed when heavy clusters penetrate through the lateral compressed layers of the primary flow into the surrounding background gas increase. The type of the correction factor in the well-known empirical formula proposed by Ashkenas and Sherman is found, in view of which this formula can be used under the conditions of clustered flows. The reasons for the impact of clusters on the gas dynamics of supersonic flow, as well as conditions and limitations of such an effect, are discussed. Keywords: gas dynamics, supersonic nozzle, condensation, clusters, argon jet, photometry.
Peranan Kelompok Sosial Dalam Membentuk Perilaku Keagamaan Santri SMP Pondok Pesantren Muhammadiyah Boarding School Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Maya Eka Rinor
Published: March 2023

This research amis to obtain information on: (1) Students’ interaction in social groups, (2) roles of social groups in shaping students’ religious behaviour at SMP (Junior High School) MBS Sleman Yogyakarta, (3) students’ religious behaviour resulted from the roles of social groups in shaping their behaviour.

This research is a descriptive qualitative study conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah Boarding School Sleman Yogyakarta. The data Wet collected using observation, interview, and documentation.

The dinding show that: (1) The interaction of nasheed group is divided into and invovelment stage.the interaction among internal and external members have been included in the contact (introduction) stage, while the involvement stage is only found in the interaction of internal nasheed group. (2) The role among nasheed members, in addition to their roles in improving their singing ability, are also used to facilitate them in improving their spirit of spirituality through organized religious agenda. (3) The nasheed group gives positive impacts to its members in some dimensional namely faith, worship, and practice. The positive impacts in religious dimension for its members are found in their mental and mind development, emotion development, social consideration, moral development as well as attitudde and interest Development.

Keywords: Social Group, Religious Behaviour, Students
Indonesian Language Learning in Elementary Schools Through Life Skills Education Model
Authors: Linggasari Egah , Rochaendi Endi
Published: March 2023

This research is a needs analysis research which will be used as the basis for personality factors in learning Indonesian. The purpose of this research is to describe Indonesian language learning in elementary schools through a life skills education model. The research method used is library research, whose data sources come from relevant previous research data in the form of textbooks, books, journal articles and other published manuscripts. The results of the study show that learning Indonesian in elementary schools through life skills education is more empowered in developing the communication potential of Indonesian both oral and written and can develop language skills (listening skills, reading skills, speaking skills and writing skills) which are very useful in perform communication interactions. In communicating activities, language skills are not carried out singly, but are used together to achieve communication goals. Another finding is that the learning process activities are used for the purpose of training students to use Indonesian more for communication purposes, and not being required to master more knowledge of Indonesian. As an effort to optimize learning Indonesian, it is necessary to create conditions for self-directed learning for students.

Keywords: Learning, Indonesian Language, Life Skills Education.
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Pada Materi Puisi Rakyat Kelas VII di SMPN 35 Palembang.
Authors: Kirana ST Fianda , Hetilaniar Hetilaniar , Agustina Juaidah
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan Lembar kerja Peserta didik (LKPD) Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Pada Materi Puisi Rakyat Kelas VII di SMP Negeri 35 Palembang. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengikuti langkah kerja dari model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek uji coba dalam penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII.1 di SMP Negeri 35 Palembang dengan jumlah 10 siswa untuk uji coba kelompok skala kecil dan 34 siswa untuk uji coba lapangan skala besar. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian membuktikan bahwa produk Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Pada Materi Puisi Rakyat yang dikembangkan memenuhi aspek kelayakan materi dengan presentase nilai 89% berkategori sangat valid, aspek kelayakan bahasa berkategori sangat valid dengan presentase nilai 91% dan aspek kelayakan media dengan presentase nilai 97% juga berkategori sangat valid. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk Lembar Kerja Peserta didik (LKPD) yang dikembangkan memperoleh presentase nilai rata-rata sebesar 92% menunjukkan kategori sangat valid dan layak untuk digunakan.
A Novel System to Monitor Tic Attacks for Tourette Syndrome Using Machine Learning and Wearable Technology: Preliminary Survey Study and Proposal for a New Sensing Device
Authors: Rajinikanth Agni , Clark Davis Kevin , Kapsetaki Marianna Evangelia
Published: March 2023

Background

Tourette syndrome is a neurological disorder that is characterized by repeated unintentional physical movement and vocal sounds, better known as tics. Cases of mild Tourette can have tics numerous times throughout the day, while severe cases may have tics every 5 to 10 seconds. At certain times, typically during high levels of stress, tics become chained in an incessant, continuous fashion—this is known as a tic attack. Tic attacks incapacitate the patient, rendering it difficult for them to move, perform daily actions, and even communicate with others. Caretakers—usually guardians, family members, or nurses—can help reduce the time tic attacks last with their presence and by providing emotional support to the patient.

Objective

We describe TSBand, a wearable wristband that uses machine learning algorithms and a variety of sensors to monitor for tic attacks and notify caretakers when an attack occurs.

Methods

We conducted a research survey with 70 Tourette patients to determine the usability and functionality of TSBand; internal review board approval was not required.

Results

This study has resulted in a smart wristband prototype that costs US $62.74; it uses movement, heart rate, sweat, and body temperature to detect tic attacks using a hybrid local outlier factoring and regression algorithm. An audio tic attack detection mechanism is also included, using recurrent neural networks, and a manually activated backup button and backup audio mechanism are fitted to alert caretakers on the personalized companion app.

Conclusions

TSBand enables the caretaker to provide support faster and prevent excessive self-harm or injury during the attack. It is an affordable and effective solution, solving a problem that many Tourette patients, often children, face. This study has not had the opportunity to test TSBand with any Tourette patients, and we aim to perform rigorous testing and analysis after grant funding is secured.
Families and the Mental Health System
Authors: - Anon
Published: March 2023

None
Research on Rural Tourism Product Development from the Perspective of Education—A Case Study of Huangu Town, Ziyang County, Shaanxi Province
Authors: Zhao Yike
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, the rapid development of rural tourism for the economic development of rural areas. However, with the trend of increasingly diversified, personalized and experiential tourism demands of tourists, rural tourism products have different degrees of “lag” in resource development, business philosophy, service level and other links. At the same time, educational tourism, as a new form of special tourism, is favored by the tourism market, but it also faces “bottleneck” problems such as shortage of tourism resources and single form of activities. This paper tries to combine rural tourism with educational tourism from the perspective of education. Starting from the idea that educational tourism develops in rural areas to excavate the cultural connotation of rural tourism resources and improve the product level, this paper studies the development of rural educational tourism products under the background of experience economy. And through the empirical study of Huangu Town area in Shaanxi Province to demonstrate and guide the development effect of rural educational tourism products in concrete practice.
Quantum Correlations in the Minimal Scenario
Authors: Le Thinh P. , Meroni Chiara , Sturmfels Bernd , Werner Reinhard F. , Ziegler Timo
Published: March 2023

In the minimal scenario of quantum correlations, two parties can choose from two observables with two possible outcomes each. Probabilities are specified by four marginals and four correlations. The resulting four-dimensional convex body of correlations, denoted Q, is fundamental for quantum information theory. We review and systematize what is known about Q, and add many details, visualizations, and complete proofs. In particular, we provide a detailed description of the boundary, which consists of three-dimensional faces isomorphic to elliptopes and sextic algebraic manifolds of exposed extreme points. These patches are separated by cubic surfaces of non-exposed extreme points. We provide a trigonometric parametrization of all extreme points, along with their exposing Tsirelson inequalities and quantum models. All non-classical extreme points (exposed or not) are self-testing, i.e., realized by an essentially unique quantum model.Two principles, which are specific to the minimal scenario, allow a quick and complete overview: The first is the pushout transformation, i.e., the application of the sine function to each coordinate. This transforms the classical correlation polytope exactly into the correlation body Q, also identifying the boundary structures. The second principle, self-duality, is an isomorphism between Q and its polar dual, i.e., the set of affine inequalities satisfied by all quantum correlations (“Tsirelson inequalities''). The same isomorphism links the polytope of classical correlations contained in Q to the polytope of no-signalling correlations, which contains Q.We also discuss the sets of correlations achieved with fixed Hilbert space dimension, fixed state or fixed observables, and establish a new non-linear inequality for Q involving the determinant of the correlation matrix.
Сансрын орчинд ажиллах хагас дамжуулагч материалын энерги шингээлтийг GEANT4 программ ашиглан тодорхойлох арга
Authors: Х Лусванбат , Т Ариунболд , М Ананд , У Төгөлдөр , Т Төртогтох , Т Бэгзсүрэн , Д Улам-Оргих , Д Эрдэнэбаатар
Published: March 2023

Жил бүр сансарт гарч буй техникүүдийн даалгавар илүү олон үйлдэлтэй болж байгаатул тухайн даалгаврыг гүйцэтгэхэд хэрэглэгдэх энерги/чадал/ даган өсөж байна.Сансарт ажиллах хагас дамжуулагч төхөөрөмжүүдийн чадал нэмэгдсэнээр түүнийсансрын цацрагийн нөлөөгөөр эвдрэх магадлал даган ихэснэ. Иймд юуны түрүүндөндөр энергитэй бөөм ба хагас дамжуулагчийн харилцан үйлчлэлийг судлахшаардлагатай болсон. Их энергитэй бөөм бодисын харилцан үйлчлэлийн судалгаагтуршлагаар хийх боломж бага тул GEANT-4 Монте Карло арга дээр суурилан Хагасдамжуулагч материалын сансрын өндөр эрчимтэй протоны энергийг шингээхмагадлалыг 1000 мкм зузаантай цэвэр цахиур дээр 100 МеВ болон 200 МеВ энергитэйпротоны урсгал шингэх магадлалыг тооцоолж өмнө судалгаатай харьцуулан судалсан.
Corporate culture of organization: Social capital management under challenges and risks
Authors: Sharkov F. I. , Gostenina V. I. , Loskutova I. M. , Sycheva E. Yu.
Published: March 2023

The criteria for the analysis of the emotional-psychological state of the organization’s personnel imply the study of the capitalization of cultural values and the presentations of results in the form of mathematical indicators of the projective situation. In the article, corporate culture is considered through the capitalization of its team’s cultural values and its business reputation. The study is based on the metric data (parameters) of the capitalization of cultural values in the context of their application to assess the behavior and cultural ethos of the organization’s team. The object of the applied research was the collective of the private enterprise providing services in the fuel-energy sector; the authors examined the social factors in the formation of its corporate culture (the survey focused on the personnel and managers’ assessment of the social-psychological climate and was based on the quota sample consisting of 16 managers and 100 staff members). The results of the study allow to develop a technology for the effective management of corporate culture under new challenges and risks. Traditions of cooperation, trust and reciprocity were considered on the basis of the works of the classics of sociology. The authors suggested the criteria (parameters) for assessing social capital and social norms which reveal the personnel’s abilities and are developed by the organization in a certain period. The study showed discrepancies in the assessment of the parameters of corporate culture by managers and staff. Thus, managers attach great importance to such a parameter as the emotional-psychological state of the team, while the staff does not appreciate the mutual understanding of micro-groups and shows less emotional involvement. Such results confirm the problems in the management of corporate culture as social capital.
The development of social capital in rural areas of the Crimean Peninsula (on the example of the village of Novoalelseevka)
Authors: Gusakov T. Yu.
Published: March 2023

The crisis in the Russian countryside has been going on for several decades, and its spatial differences only complicate the task of developing a set of anti-crisis measures. The authorities’ efforts to revive the depopulating settlements do not have the desired effect. According to the respondents in different regions of Russia, the authorities became concerned with the rural development too late - when a significant share of the able-bodied population either already migrated to cities or decided to do so. Since the Russian urbanization has not yet been completed, measures to counter the atomization of rural communities, to involve the rural population in solving their settlements’ problems, and also to support initiatives ‘from below’ should become a priority for the state. In some ideal development case, we can expect the formation of social networks of people living and working in the same rural community, which would allow it to survive and function effectively, not depending on external actors. The situation on the Crimean Peninsula is a positive example of the opportunities for developing the rural social capital. In the article, the village of Novoalekseevka (Krasnogvardeisky district) is presented as a successful ‘case’ of the local community’s participation in planning the life of the village. From 1995 to 2014, the specialists of the Crimean Development and Integration Program of the United Nations Development Program were supporting the collapsing rural community. The joint maintenance of the water supply and the joint implementation of infrastructure projects helped the population to feel the importance and efficiency of common efforts. After 2014, the state financing of rural projects has increased, but at the same time, the distance between the decision-making authorities and the rural population has also increased, which contributes to the rural population’s dependent mood. This situation exacerbates the atomization of rural communities, hinders the development and worsens the state of the social capital of rural areas.
Oligarchy and leader are twin brothers
Authors: Nikulin A. M.
Published: March 2023

The article is a review of the famous book by Robert Michels (1876-1936) published in 1911 but only recently translated into Russian, Political Parties. A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy (Moscow: Publishing House “Delo”, 2022. 448 p.). This is its first translation from German into Russian by I. Ivakina under the scientific editorship of D. Karasev. Based on the analysis of the main ideas of the book related to the concepts of ‘leader’, ‘party’, ‘democracy’ and ‘masses’, the author considers the phenomenon of the power of oligarchy not only in traditional and conservative systems but also in the modern radical, democratic and socialist ones. Thus, the so-called “iron law of oligarchy” formulated by R. Michels remains topical.
Reproducing and shifting discourses on indigenous culture: Ethnographic self-descriptions of the Kola Sámi
Authors: Kuropjatnik M. S.
Published: March 2023

The article considers ethnographic self-descriptions as a cultural form in which indigenous authors conceptualise their culture in the shifting social contexts. Ethnographic selfdescriptions present (a) the transformation of the oral-discursive practices of indigenous culture into text; (b) the interpretation of the scientific versions of culture by indigenous authors. The author focuses on how Sámi culture is conceptualized in the text and as the written text by Sámi authors, taking into account the scientific descriptions of their culture and non-discursive cultural forms (such as ethnographic collections). In the texts of indigenous authors, anthropological versions of culture become a source for reproducing some patterns of culture’s conceptualization as relevant to a particular tradition in social sciences. Thus, ethnographic self-descriptions are interpreted in terms of intertextuality with an emphasis on relations between oral and written discourse, academic and indigenous discourse, discursive and non-discursive practices. Texts as a part of cultural reality or as elements of social events have causal effects which contribute to changes in the perception of Sámi culture and in the ways it is represented in the indigenous perspective, i.e., texts participate in the reproduction, creation and modification of numerous discourses on the Kola Sámi culture. In the ethnographic self-description of many Kola Sámi, ‘culture’ can be recontextualized by actors. Moreover, positions and identity of the observer (the author) and the observed (indigenous people) are partly connected, which implies a change in the epistemological status of the indigenous discourse. The processual approach to the cultural conceptualization and the focus on indigenous insights presented in the ethnographic self-descriptions constitute the methodological basis for examining some contemporary cultural trends of the Kola Sámi (Russia). The author analyses the published texts of the contemporary Kola Sámi authors, who are not professional anthropologists.
Emotional burnout of teachers as a factor of their professional inefficiency
Authors: Egoryshev S. V.
Published: March 2023

The problem of schoolteachers’ emotional burnout and of the personal and professional deformation associated with it is relevant for the pedagogical community all over the world, and Russia is no exception. According to special studies, in 2020, 75 % of schoolteachers in Russia had clear symptoms of burnout, and 38 % were in its acute phase - when burnout significantly affects the quality of life and the ability to work. For any profession, but to a greater extent for the socially oriented (helping) one including schoolteachers, emotional burnout has negative consequences for the ‘burnt out’ specialist, for his colleagues and for his students. The article presents the results of the sociological study of the issues of improving the professional-pedagogical activities of teachers in the Republic of Bashkortostan, which was conducted in April-June 2022 as part of the data for the parliamentary hearings in the State Assembly - Kurultai of the Republic of Bashkortostan (N = 4529). Respondents proportionally represented four groups of schools: Ufa, other cities of the region, centers of municipalities, and villages. The article aims at assessing the scale and forms of emotional burnout among schoolteachers in the region and at identifying the factors-causes (personal and organizational-professional) of its symptoms, negative consequences of burnout in relation to working conditions, and measures to minimize and prevent such consequences. The problem of burnout is determined not so much by individual causes as by management practices inherent in the education system, wages, irregular and uncontrolled workload, and the features of the profession which implies the risk of burnout. The author believes that the scale of emotional burnout of schoolteachers requires a research approach based on the interdisciplinary methodology. Moreover, it is important not only to study the problem but also to propose reasonable measures to help schoolteachers to get out of the burnout condition, and, most importantly, to improve the organization of work in schools: analysis of business processes in school and their optimization, limiting the number of extracurricular activities, increasing the availability of medical and psychological assistance, diagnostics of burnout and providing assistance based on its results.
Ultrasound-Guided Posterior Iliac Crest Aspiration
Authors: Ott Nicholas , Garcia Barry
Published: March 2023

Background: Bone Marrow Aspirate (BMA) contains growth factors and signaling entities essential for local cellular repair. BMA and concentrated BMA injections (BMC) are used for orthopedic procedures, such as in treating cartilaginous and bony defects. Several techniques exist for harvesting BMA. A technique termed ultrasound-guided posterior iliac crest aspiration (UPICA) is of special interest. This case series wasundertaken to determine if practitioners can effectively perform the UPICA technique in a clinical setting.
Methods: In accordance with the UPICA technique, ultrasound guidance was used to localize the posterior iliac crest. Following local anesthesia, aspiration was performed using 10 mL syringes at multiple depths. The periosteum was entered once. A needle was advanced 0.5 cm with each new depth. At each penetration level, 10 mL was drawn before rotating 90 degrees and aspirating an additional 10 mL. Following aspiration at various depths, approximately 60 mL of BMA was obtained. The inclusion criteria for this study were patients with diagnosed glenohumeral osteoarthritis, knee osteoarthritis, hip osteoarthritis, or rotator cuff tears whose condition had failed to improve with conservative care. The UPICA technique was performed in each case by the senior author (BG).
Results: For the 10 cases, the average patient age was 72 (SD 7.6; range 58–81) years old. The sample included 8 males and 2 females. The mean total nucleated cell count (TNCC)/mL BMA was 9.7E+06 (SD  2.9E+06), while the TNCC/mL bone marrow concentrate (BMC) was 43.9E+06 (SD 29.5E+06), a 4.3 (SD 2.3)-fold increase in concentration. The mean cell colony forming units-fibroblasts (CFU-f)/mL BMA was 520 (SD 155) with a mean CFU-f/mL BMC of 4899 (SD 2887) resulting in a 9.6 (SD 4.6)-fold increase in concentration. The viability for the BMA was 97.5 (SD 2.3) %, and the BMC was 94.9 (SD 4.55) %.
Conclusions: Utilizing the UPICA technique, similar yields for the BMC CFU-f/mL counts were obtained to those reported previously by other clinicians. Additionally, the results demonstrated the ability of the bone marrow concentration system to successfully concentrate the BMA. Based on these findings, the research team endorses the UPICA technique as a viable method for bone marrow aspiration.
The development and application of the zakat collection blockchain system
Authors: Khairi Khairil Faizal , Laili Nur Hidayah , Sabri Hisham , Ahmad Azuan , Pham Van Hieu , Tran Manh Dung
Published: March 2023

Zakat in Islam has historically been a vital institution in fulfilling religious needs and social welfare. Its effectiveness in medieval and modern Islam is evident. However, this institution is seemingly not without inefficiencies. Ineffectiveness distribution process and lack of transparency in the zakat management are commonly cited as key impediments (bin Khatiman et al., 2021). Blockchain is expected to solve these issues due to its ability to record and trace every transaction, allowing administrators to discharge their accountability to zakat stakeholders. Thus, this study intended to develop a zakat collection blockchain system with the aim to provide economical and integrated continuous real-time zakat transactions, transparency and traceability by developing smart contracts in zakat management. The study employed four stages of process based on waterfall model starting from the interview session and analyse of the standard operating procedure (SOP) on zakat collection in the Zakat Collection Centre or Pusat Pungutan Zakat-Majlis Agama Islam Wilayah Persekutuan (PPZ-MAIWP). Then, design requirement specification (DRS) is employed after being reviewed and approved by PPZ-MAIWP. The results show that the development of blockchain in the zakat collection system could be eradicating extreme poverty and boost shared prosperity among the community in the country. The study contributes through a transparent and reliable environment for exchanging data and carrying out transactions through a decentralized digital ledger technology to record anything of value and as a result able to ensure transparency, reliability, trust ability and traceability of the zakat transactions.
Distribution and predictive niche modeling of five endangered raptors species in Kenya
Authors: Ngila Peggy , Chiawo David , Owuor Margaret , Wasonga Oliver , Mugo Jane
Published: March 2023

Raptors are apex predators threatened globally by electrocution,
collisions, and habitat fragmentation. Most species of raptors are
understudied and largely unexplored. Top predators like raptors depend
on the sustainability of the ecosystems in which they live and migrate.
Knowing how endangered raptors are geographically dispersed, as well as
the factors that may influence how they use their habitat, is critical
for their protection. This research focuses on Kenya, where there are
gaps in knowledge on appropriate habitats and raptor dispersal patterns.
With several species of raptors endangered, it is crucial to determine
their distribution patterns for management and conservation. To evaluate
the size of the realized niches for five Kenyan raptor species at the
risk of extinction, we applied species distribution models (SDMs)
through an ensembling approach using occurrence data from the Global
Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and environmental covariates.
These species were: Martial eagle, Secretarybird, Bateleur, Steppe
Eagle, and Southern ground hornbill. The five raptors’ distribution
within and outside protected areas and the role of key environmental
predictors in predicting their distribution was estimated. Our findings
indicate raptor distribution in several areas in Kenya that is
predominantly in the south-western region, extending into the country’s
central region. Martial eagle had the largest niche range amounting to
ca.49,169 km2 while the Southern ground hornbill had the smallest niche
range amounting to ca.4,145 km2. Secretarybird had the highest
distribution outside protected areas at 77.57% followed by the Martial
eagle at 76.89%. Significant predictors of raptor species distribution
in Kenya were; precipitation during the warmest quarter, precipitation
during the driest month, and precipitation during the coldest quarter.
Key areas for raptor conservation listed here could serve as foundation
for a number of additional Important Bird Areas (IBAs) in Kenya,
according to the A1 Global IBA Criterion for species that are globally
threatened.