bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Révéler les composantes de la discrimination à partir des taux de rappel
Authors: Duguet Emmanuel , du Parquet Loïc , Petit Pascale
Published: August 2022

Afin de mesurer la discrimination à l’embauche, les chercheurs effectuent des tests de correspondance : plusieurs candidatures d’individus fictifs sont envoyées en réponse aux mêmes offres d’emploi, et la comparaison de leurs taux de rappel par les employeurs donne une mesure de la discrimination dans l’accès à un entretien. Cette méthode atteint certaines limites, en termes d’interprétation possible, lorsque plusieurs mécanismes explicatifs de la discrimination sont à l’œuvre simultanément. Nous proposons une méthodologie qui permet de résoudre ces problèmes d’identification. Nous appliquons cette méthode à la discrimination liée au sexe dans trois professions de la construction : maçonnerie, plomberie et électricité. Sur notre échantillon, nous trouvons l’existence d’une discrimination significative qui pourrait s’expliquer différemment dans chaque profession.
Spectacle sans sujet : repenser le spectaculaire intégré
Authors: Zacarias Gabriel Ferreira
Published: August 2022

Pendant longtemps, il a été admis que la pensée théorique radicale de Guy Debord se trouvait essentiellement dans  La Société du spectacle . Or, un peu plus de vingt ans après avoir publié cette œuvre, Debord écrivait les  Commentaires sur la société du spectacle , livre qui prenait acte des transformations de la société capitaliste entre-temps. Cet article entend montrer que les  Commentaires , et notamment la notion de « spectaculaire intégré » qu’on y trouve, permettent d’éviter certaines fausses pistes de  La Société du spectacle , notamment celle, conseilliste, qui suspend la révolution à la prise de conscience et à l’action d’un sujet collectif. L’enjeu de cet article est d’opérer un rapprochement entre le Debord des  Commentaires  et certaines idées propres à la « nouvelle critique de la valeur », et d’effectuer une lecture de Debord non axée sur la lutte des classes, au profit d’une approche qui dépose le bilan de l’ontologie subjectiviste des Lumières, et privilégie une analyse centrée sur la réduction du travail vivant dans les sociétés occidentales.
Guy Debord et la technologie
Authors: Marcolini Patrick
Published: August 2022

Guy Debord est surtout connu pour sa critique de l’économie et des sociétés capitalistes, développée notamment en 1967 dans  La Société du spectacle . Cet article vise à démontrer qu’il fut aussi, après sa période situationniste, un critique acéré de la société industrielle et du règne des machines. Cette évolution, commencée en fait au milieu des années 1960, aurait probablement trouvé son aboutissement dans les œuvres qu’il préparait au début des années 1990. Notre démonstration s’appuie sur l’étude des fiches de lecture et des textes préparatoires qu’il a laissés à sa mort. Le rôle des auteurs qui inspirèrent cette évolution est souligné : Castoriadis, Ellul, Mumford, Wittfogel, Papaïoannou entre autres, mais aussi Marx et son fameux « Fragment sur les machines ».
Dépasser l’anticolonialisme. Les spectres algériens de Guy Debord (1953-1993)
Authors: Sidi Moussa Nedjib
Published: August 2022

L’article propose de revenir sur les liens insuffisamment soulignés entre Guy Debord et l’Algérie qui se sont étalés sur quatre décennies, depuis le moment colonial jusqu’au début des années 1990. Au-delà de cette durée, cette connexion intense éclaire la radicalisation politique du fondateur de l’Internationale situationniste ainsi que la circulation de ses thèses après l’indépendance algérienne. L’étude de ces transactions marginales, qui ont permis un dépassement de l’anticolonialisme et une critique originale du tiers-mondisme, permet de restituer les débats de la gauche française ainsi que les échos des mouvements protestataires algériens.
Mechanical properties and failure analysis of laminated magnesium-intermetallic composites
Authors: Konieczny Marek
Published: August 2022

Laminated Mg-intermetallic composites were successfully fabricated by reaction synthesis in vacuum using 1 mm thick magnesium sheets and 0.25 mm thick copper foils. The final microstructure consisted of alternating layers of a hypoeutectic alloy containing crystals of CuMg2 and eutectic mixture of CuMg2 and solid solution of copper in magnesium and unreacted magnesium. The mechanical properties and fracture behavior of the fabricated composites were examined under different loading directions through compression, three-point bending and impact tests. The results indicated that the composites exhibited anisotropic features. The specimens compressed in the parallel direction failed by cracking along the layers of intermetallics and buckling of magnesium layers. The specimens compressed in the perpendicular direction failed by transverse cracking in the intermetallic layers and fallowing catastrophic cracking inclined about 45° to the interface of both intermetallic and magnesium layers. The flexural strength of the composites was higher in perpendicular than in parallel direction. When the load parallel to the layers was applied, the failure occurred by cleavage mode showing limited plastic deformation. When the load perpendicular to the layers was applied, the failure occurred by transverse cracking of the intermetallic layers and gradual cracking of the Mg layers. The Charpy-tested samples showed the same fracture behavior as the bend-tested specimens, which indicated that the same mechanisms operated at both high impact rate and low bending-test rate.
Oscillation criteria for sublinear and superlinear first-order difference equations of neutral type with several delays
Authors: Altanji Mohamed , Chhatria Gokula Nanda , Santra Shyam Sundar , Scapellato Andrea
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the oscillatory behaviour of a class of first-order sublinear and superlinear neutral difference equations. Some conditions are established by applying Banach's Contraction mapping principle, Knaster-Tarski fixed point theorem and using several inequalities. We provide some examples to illustrate the outreach of the main results.
Digital Healthcare Security Issues
Authors: Punithavathi P.  , Subbiah Geetha
Published: August 2022

Digital healthcare system, which is undergoing transformation phase to provide safe, swift, and improved quality care, is experiencing diverse problems. The serious threats to the digital healthcare system include misidentification of patients and healthcare-related frauds. Biometrics is a cutting-edge scientific field which overcomes the weaknesses of password-based authentication methods while ensuring a friction-free user experience. It enables unprecedented authentication capabilities based on human characteristics that cannot be replicated by fraudsters. The growing demand for biometrics solutions in digital healthcare system is mainly driven by the need to combat fraud, along with an initiative to preserve privacy of the patient besides with healthcare safety. This chapter examines how biometric technology can be applied to the digital healthcare services.
Healthcare IoT Architectures, Technologies, Applications, and Issues
Authors: Karthick G. S.  , Pankajavalli P. B.
Published: August 2022

The internet of things (IoT) revolution is improving the proficiency of human healthcare infrastructures, and this chapter analyzes the applications of IoT in healthcare systems with diversified aspects such as topological arrangement of medical devices, layered architecture, and platform services. This chapter focuses on advancements in IoT-based healthcare in order to identify the communication and sensing technologies enabling the smart healthcare systems. The transformation of healthcare from doctor-centric to patient-centric with the diversified applications of IoT is discussed in detail. In addition, this chapter examines the various issues to be emphasized on designing an effective IoT-based healthcare system. It also explores security in healthcare systems and the possible security threats that may be vulnerable to the security essentials. Finally, this chapter summarizes the procedure of applying machine learning techniques on healthcare streaming data which provides intelligence to the systems.
Medical Device Security
Authors: Al Momin Md Abdullah
Published: August 2022

Implantable medical devices (IMDs) are miniaturized computer systems used to monitor and treat various medical conditions. Examples of IMDs include insulin pumps, artificial pacemakers, neuro-stimulators, and implantable cardiac defibrillators. These devices have adopted wireless communication to help facilitate the care they provide for patients by allowing easier transferal of data or remote control of machine operations. However, with such adoption has come exposure to various security risks and issues that must be addressed due to the close relation of patient health and IMD performance. With patient lives on the line, these security risks pose increasingly real problems. This chapter hopes to provide an overview of these security risks, their proposed solutions, and the limitations on IMD systems which make solving these issues nontrivial. Later, the chapter will analyze the security issues and the history of vulnerabilities in pacemakers to illustrate the theoretical topics by considering a specific device.
My Health Record and Emerging Cybersecurity Challenges in the Australian Digital Environment
Authors: Medhekar Anita
Published: August 2022

The main aim of embracing evolutionary digital e-health technologies such as ‘My Health Records' is to transform and empower the patients to control their health records, access, choose the right healthcare provider and suitable treatment, when required. It has been a challenge for the healthcare practitioners, hospital staff, as well as patients to accept, embrace, and adopt transformative digital e-health technologies and manage their healthcare records amidst concerns of slow adoption by the patient due to data privacy and cybersecurity issues. Australia, since COVID-19, has stressed the importance of secure online connectivity for the government, business, and the consumers. It is essential that My Health Record platform is cyber-safe, and user-friendly so that consumers feel conformable, safe and secure regarding their personal health records. This chapter discussed the challenges of embracing e-health digital technologies and assurance of advancing cybersecurity of online My Health Record, which will transform e-health provision and empower patients and healthcare providers.
Secure Access to Biomedical Images
Authors: Javid Tariq
Published: August 2022

This chapter introduces a framework for secure access to biomedical images. Biomedical images are acquired using a vast array of imaging techniques depending upon the specific application. A magnetic resonance spatial domain image is acquired by taking inverse weighted Fourier transform of raw frequency domain data generated by the modality. After correction, these images are stored in a standard format. The access to these stored images is typically subjected to authorization. Medical information in biomedical images needs to be protected in both stored form and in transmission. Encryption technologies are used to secure information whereas compression technologies are used to reduce the information without affecting the contents. In this chapter, a cryptocompression system is proposed which integrates both encryption and compression to fulfill the requirements of electronic protected health information records.
Integer Transform-Based Watermarking Scheme for Authentication of Digital Fundus Images in Medical Science
Authors: Shanmugam Poonkuntran , Jayaprakasam Manessa
Published: August 2022

This chapter presents an integer transform-based watermarking scheme for digital fundus image authentication. It is presented under multimedia applications in medicine. The chapter introduces image authentication by watermarking and digital fundus image. The key requirements in developing watermarking scheme for fundus images and its challenges are identified and highlighted. Authors describe a proposed watermarking scheme on integer transform. The experimental results emphasize the proposed scheme's ability in addressing key requirements and its attainment. The detailed results are summarized.
Impact of Information Technology on Patient Confidentiality Rights
Authors: Elgujja Abba Amsami
Published: August 2022

Advances in information technology, be it by way of social media or use of the electronic medical information systems, has changed the way we deal with patient confidential information. The hitherto clear professional relationship with the patient has been blurred using social media, just like the unprecedented rate at which electronic health information is used to access and share patient's confidential information among healthcare professionals. However, given the special professional relationship of confidence which traditionally bonds the healthcare practitioner with the patient, use of these technologies by the healthcare professionals portends the risk of breach of that duty of confidentiality. Although the patient's right to demand confidentiality of his information is not absolute, an unlawful breach could result in a crime, actionable tort, or become a subject of disciplinary action. This chapter undertakes a general review of the benefits and dangers of embracing these new information technologies and their impact on the confidentiality of sensitive health data.
Geo-Location-Based File Security System for Healthcare Data
Authors: Govinda K.
Published: August 2022

Nowadays, a person's medical information is just as important as their financial records as they may include not only names and addresses but also various sensitive data such as their employee details, bank account/credit card information, insurance details, etc. However, this fact is often overlooked when designing a file storage system for storing healthcare data. Storage systems are increasingly subject to attacks, so the security system is quickly becoming a mandatory feature of the data storage systems. For the purpose of security, we are dependent on various methods such as cryptographic techniques, two-step verification, and even biometric scanners. This chapter provides a mechanism to create a secure file storage system that provides two-layer security. The first layer is in the form of a password, through which the file is encrypted at the time of storage, and second is the locations at which the user wants the files to be accessed. Thus, this system would allow a user to access a file only at the locations specified by him/her. Therefore, the objective is to create a system that provides secure file storage based on geo-location information.
Electronic Health Record Security in Cloud
Authors: Vamsi Desam , Reddy Pradeep
Published: August 2022

Security is the primary issue nowadays because cybercrimes are increasing. The organizations can store and maintain their data on their own, but it is not cost effective, so for convenience they are choosing cloud. Due to its popularity, the healthcare organizations are storing their sensitive data to cloud-based storage systems, that is, electronic health records (EHR). One of the most feasible methods for maintaining privacy is homomorphism encryption (HE). HE can combine different services without losing security or displaying sensitive data. HE is nothing but computations performed on encrypted data. According to the type of operations and limited number of operations performed on encrypted data, it is categorized into three types: partially homomorphic encryption (PHE), somewhat homomorphic encryption (SWHE), fully homomorphic encryption (FHE). HE method is very suitable for the EHR, which requires data privacy and security.
Secure Healthcare Monitoring Sensor Cloud With Attribute-Based Elliptical Curve Cryptography
Authors: Dwivedi Rajendra Kumar , Kumar Rakesh , Buyya Rajkumar
Published: August 2022

Sensor networks are integrated with cloud in many internet of things (IoT) applications for various benefits. Healthcare monitoring sensor cloud is one of the application that allows storing the patients' health data generated by their wearable sensors at cloud and facilitates the authorized doctors to monitor and advise them remotely. Patients' data at cloud must be secure. Existing security schemes (e.g., key policy attribute-based encryption [KP-ABE] and ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption [CP-ABE]) have higher computational overheads. In this paper, a security mechanism called attribute-based elliptical curve cryptography (ABECC) is proposed that guarantees data integrity, data confidentiality, and fine-grained access control. It also reduces the computational overheads. ABECC is implemented in .NET framework. Use of elliptical curve cryptography (ECC) in ABECC reduces the key length, thereby improving the encryption, decryption, and key generation time. It is observed that ABECC is 1.7 and 1.4 times faster than the existing approaches of KP-ABE and CP-ABE, respectively.
An Extended Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) Model for Distributed Collaborative Healthcare System
Authors: Barhoun Rabie , Ed-daibouni Maryam , Namir Abdelwahed
Published: August 2022

The healthcare system is a real example of a distributed collaborative system, which aims to improve the patient's healthcare. The most important requirements of the healthcare system are the sensitivity of the medical data processed, large numbers of medical and para-medical interveners, as well as the medical treatment activity is a non-static process. Protecting data from unauthorized access and data sharing security in the healthcare environment is a critical process that influences system credibility. To achieve this goal and to meet the requirements of the healthcare system, the authors propose an extended Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) model by introducing the medical activity concept. This article defines the medical activity concept as an abstraction of collaboration in a care unit, defined by a medical activity purpose, in which the collaborators (or actors) realize their tasks in order to achieve the treatment purpose. The current access control model ABAC and these variants do not take into account the (business process) activity concept in the decision mechanism. In this paper, the authors propose a new access control model, called Medical-Activity-Attribute-Based Access Control (MA-ABAC), which can effectively enhance the security for healthcare system and produce more perfect and flexible mechanism of access control; order to strongly respond to the requirements of the distributed healthcare environment.
Global Androgyny and Futurisms
Authors: Chakraborty Manodip
Published: August 2022

The derivation of gender superiority is a societal construct that must distribute itself in a hegemonic axis to produce discursive subjects. With postmodern disillusionment, the potentiality of a hegemonic habitus has shifted towards the digital platform. Much has been analyzed about this form, but video games remained outside the periphery – smoothly constructing the mass ideology. Contemporary video games with their simulated morphism can not only alter the player's consciousness but also can provide a release from their inner taboos. The gamer can exhibit freely his/her anima/animus, which is a restricted content in society and paid the price by being under continuous surveillance. This chapter thus proposes to analyse contemporary video games and how these video games with their augmented enhancements can alter the gamer's perception and thereby bring about an entire change in the persona – leading to a world of global androgyny.
Analyzing the Relationship Between Smartphone Usage Time and Awareness of Internet Dependence Among High School Students
Authors: Saito Nagayuki , Aragaki Madoka
Published: August 2022

The prolonged use of smartphones among adolescents, referred to as Internet addiction, is a social problem that has been discussed worldwide. Although the long-term use is regarded as an issue, actual use time has not been measured, and the discussions are not based on evidence. Moreover, the relationship between Internet use time and dependency has not been examined. Therefore, this research aimed to clarify Internet addiction from the perspective of usage time. High school students who use the Internet were selected as subjects, and their smartphone usage time and dependency were measured. According to actual measurements, their daily usage time was 4.02h. However, there was no relationship between usage time and dependency attitude. Therefore, the problem of heavy use and Internet addiction should be considered as individual policies. Specifically, for prolonged use, it is necessary to take measures to make young people aware of their unconscious behavior.
Role of Graphene and Graphene Oxide Applications as Optical Biosensors in Pandemic
Authors: Bagihalli Gangadhar , Shaikh Nilophar M. , Unki Shrishila N.
Published: August 2022

In recent pandemic period it becomes very important to provide a detection technique which will offer high sensitivity, selectivity with low limit of detection. Optical biosensors provide an intriguing path for continuous and rapid detection of target analyte in order to enhance health outcomes. In these recent years nanomaterials have been largely focused in order to design highly efficient biosensors. As Noble metal nanoparticles are well known for their unique properties like plasmonic property, superconductivity and biocompatibility, were extensively used in different scientific field. Noble metal like gold, silver and platinum nanoparticles are used in designing different biosensors. These biosensors were widely used in virus detection of different respiratory related health problems like COVID-19. In this mini review we addressed the optical biosensors fabricated by using noble metal nanomaterials which are used in rapid detection with highly sensitive and selective detection methods with low Limit of detection in recent pandemic period.
Rare Earth Based Nanocomposite Materials for Prominent Performance Supercapacitor: A Review
Authors: Nandi Santosh S. , Adimule Vinayak , Kadapure Santosh A. , Kerur S.S.
Published: August 2022

Rare-earth-based nanocomposites are currently attracting extensive research interest in biology, medicine, physics, chemistry and material science owing to their optical, electrical and electronic properties, their stability and novel applications. Rare-earth based nanomaterials, especially rare earth oxides (Yttrium oxide, Gadolinium oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium dioxide, etc.) have fascinated people's devotion owing to their good environmentally friendly and redox properties characteristics. Rare-earth based nanomaterials with exceptional electrochemical properties can be attained by simple, low-cost, environmentally friendly approaches such as hydrothermal/solvothermal method, electrodeposition method, atomic layer deposition method, etc. The electrochemical and microstructures properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling, potentiostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, in this review, we present a wide-ranging explanation of synthesis methods, morphology and electrochemical performance of numerous rare-earth based nanomaterials used in supercapacitors. We present in this review a brief overview of the recent and general progresses in their functionalization and synthesis.
Nanotechnology Adds Value to Optical and Sensor Characteristics of the Composite Material
Authors: Mehrotra Ripul , Shukla Satyendra N. , Gaur Pratiksha
Published: August 2022

During the last two decades, over more than five million research papers (articles, reviews, communications etc.) were published on nanocomposite materials. Most of them are excellent contributions that already mingle the readers’ and researchers’ interests; thus gaining many citations. This mini-review is focused on advancement in next-generation nanocomposite materials based on optical and sensing applications; and their practical execution. Some recent novel developments will be highlighted and future trends will be discussed. Nowadays, nanocomposite has ended up one of the most popular materials with potential usage in various scope, including packaging, automotive and aerospace industry, batteries with higher power output, flexible batteries, making lightweight sensors, in photocatalysis and making tumours easier to look at and to eliminate. New materials, viz. designed polymers, metal oxides, alloys, chalcogenides, nanostructured and hierarchical carbons, regularly induced researchers and engineers; to test and compare them with existing sensors of multifarious sorts. Nanocomposites not only offers’ the new technology and business opportunities in all sectors of the industry but also it tender innovations and new openings for all divisions.
Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features; a single centre study
Authors: Wijesiri T. W. , Mudduwa L. K. B. , Liyanage T. G.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is the commonest cancer in the thyroid with an increasing incidence over the past few decades. A subset of papillary carcinomas was re-classified into “Non-invasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features” (NIFTP) in late 2017, due to the excellent prognosis they exhibit. Identification of NIFTP is important because surgical management and follow up is similar to follicular adenoma, thus reducing the psychological burden to patient, eliminating unnecessary exposure to radiation and economic burden to the society. This study intended to assess the prevalence and the inter-observer consistency in identifying NIFTP in the study sample. Methods: This retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study included all thyroid specimens received at our department in 2017. Thyroid neoplasms with a potential for reclassification to NIFTP were reassessed according the WHO criteria by two investigators who were blinded to the previous and each other's diagnoses. Results: Out of the 256 thyroid specimens received, 74/256 (28.90%) considered to have potential to be reclassified as NIFTP which included 34 cancers. Only 5/74 (6.75%) satisfied the criteria for NIFTP. Three NIFTPs had been reported as papillary microcarcinoma and the other two as follicular variant of papillary carcinoma. Inter-observer consistency in re-classifying the 74 tumours was 94.6%, with a 100% consistency in diagnosing NIFTP. Following re-classification, the proportion of cancers in the study sample reduced to 56/256 (21.87%) from 61/256 (23.82%). The prevalence of NIFTP in the study sample was 1.95% (5/256). Conclusions: The prevalence of NIFTP in the study sample is comparable to the Asian population. The current study reports a high inter-observer consistency in recognizing NIFTP among potential lesions, most likely due to the strict adherence to WHO criteria.
A systematic review on clinical outcomes of human amniotic membrane preparations in the management of venous leg ulcers
Authors: Lakmal K. , Hettiarachchi D. , Cassim M. R. N. , Malalasekera A. P.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Venous leg ulcers are the commonest type of chronic lower leg ulcers worldwide. It impacts the patient’s quality of life significantly. Our objective was to assess current evidence onusing human amniotic membranes (HAM) in venous leg ulcer management.
Methods: Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Cochrane library were utilized to search the following search terms (MeSH terms in PubMed) in the abstract field or in the title, “Amnion” OR “Placenta” AND “Varicose ulcer “OR “Stasis ulcer” OR “Chronic venous ulceration” in studies published until the 1st of March 2022. We used standard methods to assess the quality of the published articles. The articles thus included were cohort studies (both retrospective and prospective) and randomized control trials.
Results: When the above criteria were used in the search, 12, 8, 15,6, and 4 citations were found in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Embase, and Web of Science respectively. The 15 nonduplicate studies were screened with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected 7 studies for this review. However, the amniotic membrane preparations used in these studies were not uniform. All randomized controlled trials (n=3) have concluded that there is an improvement in healed ulcer percentage at the end of the study in the interventional group when compared to the control group, which was statistically significant (p<0.05%). The percentage of ulcers that had healed at the end study was 60% in interventional groups of the above trials. One prospective study showed that the recurrence rate was less than 30% at a 3-year follow-up examination. We couldn't perform a meta-analysis due to study heterogeneity.
Conclusion: Current scientific evidence indicates that amniotic membrane preparations can be utilized in promoting chronic forms of venous leg ulcers adjunctive to traditional treatment or as second-line therapy.
Parenchyma preserving surgery in pancreatic trauma
Authors: Dharmapala A. , Galketiya K. B.
Published: August 2022

No abstract available
The outcome of antegrade intramedullary nail fixation of traumatic diaphyseal fractures of the femur in a tertiary care trauma center in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kuruwitaarachchi D. K. T. , Mathangasinghe Y. , Munidasa D.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: We evaluated the outcome, functional recovery, and complications of intramedullary nailing for fractures of the femoral shaft fractures.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. Patients with isolated femoral shaft fractures undergoing intramedullary nailing were followed up prospectively to assess the factors associated with better functional recovery (measured by Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index (WOMAC)).
Results: Of 46 patients, the median age was 40(IQR=26-59) years. Majority had simple (n=34, 73.9%), closed (n=39,84.8%) fractures while seven (15.2%) had Gustilo Type I open fractures. Surgery was performed at a median of 9.5(IQR=6-14) days after the injury. Approximately two-thirds of the patients required reamed nailing (n=30, 65.2%). Three patients developed surgical site infections. X-rays obtained at four months demonstrated features of non-union in 13(28.3%). Leg length discrepancy (LLD) was present in 16(34.8%), and rotational deformity in one patient. Full and partial weight-bearing at six weeks was achieved in six and 23 patients respectively while 17 patients were unable to bear weight. The median HHS and WOMAC at four months were 66.5 and 36, respectively. Patients with proximal or distal diaphyseal fractures, female patients and those with full weight-bearing six weeks showed the best WOMAC index.
Conclusion: Proximal or distal diaphyseal fractures, female sex and ability to bear weight at six weeks post-surgery were associated with better functional outcomes at four months postoperatively. Surgeons should be mindful of the limitations of resource- poor settings which could affect the surgical outcomes.
Management of foreign bodies in the urinary tract
Authors: Jayarajah U. , Gunawardene M. , Wijayarathna S. , Abeygunasekera A. M.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Foreign bodies in the urinary tract may present in various ways. These require a wide range of interventions for retrieval. In this study, we describe our experience in managing foreign bodies in the urinary tract with emphasis on clinical presentation, mechanism of insertion, investigation and treatment of these patients from a South Asian country.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 30 foreign bodies treated by a single urological surgeon in two teaching hospitals in Sri Lanka over 20 years was performed. Data were retrieved from clinical records and follow-up visits focussing on clinical presentation, nature of foreign bodies, mechanism of insertion, investigations, management and complications.
Results: The majority were males (73.3%, n=22) with a median age of 34 years (range:14-72). The majority were self-inserted (n=14) or iatrogenic (n=10). X-rays and ultrasound scans were useful in the majority to clinch the diagnosis. The majority were retrieved endoscopically through minimally invasive approaches. Open surgeries were needed for a patient with a large bladder stone associated with a metal chain and retrieval of a retained swab. Common complications associated with foreign bodies included infections (n=9), calcification/ stone formation (n=9) and acute urinary retention (n=4). Among deliberate self- insertions, two had a low intelligent quotient and the majority had no underlying psychiatric condition needing intervention.
Conclusions: Simple investigations such as X-ray and ultrasound scans are sufficient to locate and plan interventions in the majority. Minimally invasive approaches are successful in most. The vast majority of the patients with self-insertion had no psychiatric conditions needing intervention.
Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy for Diagnosing Interstitial Lung Disease: A Retrospective Single-Center Experience
Authors: Park Jin Han , Jang Ji Hoon , Kim Hyun Kuk , Jang Hang-Jea , Lee Sunggun , Kim Seong-Ho , Kim Ji Yeon , Choi Hee Eun , Han Ji-yeon , Kim Da Som , Kang Min Kyun , Kang Eunsu , Kim Il Hwan , Lee Jae Ha
Published: August 2022

Background: An accurate diagnosis in patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) by multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) based on histopathologic information is essential for optimal treatment. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has increasingly been used as a diagnostic alternative to surgical lung biopsy. This study aimed to evaluate the appropriate methods of TBLC in patients with ILD in Korea.Methods: A total of 27 patients who underwent TBLC were included. TBLC procedure details and clinical MDD diagnosis using TBLC histopathologic information were retrospectively analyzed.Results: All procedures were performed under general anesthesia with the fluoroscopic guidance in the operation room using flexible bronchoscopy and endobronchial balloon blocker. The median procedure duration was less than 30 minutes, and the median number of biopsies per participant was 2. Most of the bleeding after TBLC was not severe, and the rate of pneumothorax was 25.9%. The most common histopathologic pattern was alternative (48.2%), followed by indeterminate (33.3%) and usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP)/probable UIP (18.5%). In the MDD after TBLC, the most common diagnosis was idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (33.3%), followed by smoking-related ILD (25.9%), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (18.6%), unclassifiable-ILD (14.8%), and others (7.4%).Conclusion: This first single-center experience showed that TBLC using a flexible bronchoscopy and endobronchial balloon blocker with the fluoroscopic guidance under general anesthesia may be a safe and adequate diagnostic method for ILD patients in Korea. The diagnostic yield of MDD was 85.2%. Further studies are needed to evaluate the diagnostic yield and confidence of TBLC.
About elder mistreatment: a brief report
Authors: Fatma Henna , Rafique Soomal , Furqan Saira
Published: August 2022

Elder mistreatment, initially coined as ‘Granny Battering’ in 1975 by British gerontologists is an issue that has seldom received any attention in our part of the world, mostly due to lack-luster reporting. With tertiary care setups in low to middle income countries administering care to a burgeoning population of elderly patients, elder abuse has now become increasingly apparent. This case report examines elder mistreatment in a drowsy patient living with her son, who had recently appointed a private nurse for her care. Our healthcare team proceeded to provide the best available medical and community resources in the care and intervention of the patient.
Evaluation of the Knowledge and Level of Information About Stem Cells Research and Therapeutic Potential Among Medical and Dental Postgraduate Students of Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara
Authors: Sant Ankit , Dave Deepak , Shah Monali , Deshpande Neeraj , Rai Jasuma , Nadig Prasad
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Stem cells are definite units competent of both self-renewal and differentiation into numerous cells. Embryonic and postnatal tissues are the major sources of stem cells. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and level of information about stem cells research and therapeutic potential among Medical and Dental postgraduate students of Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara.

Materials and Methods:

The Medical and Dental postgraduate students of Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, were selected. The questionnaire form was taken to them by the principal investigator personally and explained about the study and asked to fill the questionnaire after obtaining consent. The collected questionnaire was excluded if more than 30% of questions were not filled.

Results:

A total of 435 medical and dental postgraduate students of Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, were included in the study. 109 dental postgraduates (26.58%), and 301 were medical postgraduates. All participants had a basic knowledge of stem cells (100%), but only a few had specific knowledge (3.90%). Only a few agreed to human embryo research and considered it ethical (0.73%). All agreed to conserve their child's umbilical cord for the child's therapeutic purposes.

Conclusion:

We can conclude that the knowledge and level of information about stem cells exhibited by most of the participants were minimal. However, all participants expressed a genuine desire to enhance their knowledge regarding stem cells. There is a need for Continuing Medical Education/ Continuing Dental Education (CME/CDE) workshops as well as conferences on this subject to upgrade the knowledge of participants and the community as a whole.
Patient Satisfaction Over Changing Dental Treatment Trends During COVID-19 Pandemic-A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Prajapati Aalap Sureshkumar , Solanki Pinal Kirankumar , Sodani Vasudha , Shah Harsh , Gurjar Kavish , Patel Ruchi
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Patient satisfaction in health care describes the degree to which patients' needs 'meet their expectations and provide an acceptable standard of care'. Therefore, their opinion should be incorporated to understand factors affecting patients' satisfaction with the health-care setting. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant challenge for the field of dentistry owing to its working characteristics. It is difficult for dentists to provide optimum satisfaction to patients receiving dental care with such changes proposed. A study aiming to evaluate the patient's satisfaction receiving treatment in the Department of Dentistry during the pandemic was planned.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional observational study from September to November 2020 was conducted. A self-administered printed questionnaire drafted in English/Gujarati was provided to 225 patients on completion of their dental treatment. Thirteen close-ended questions were included in determining the patient's satisfaction. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to describe the parameters of the questionnaire. The Chi-square test was used to find a significant association between parameters, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

About 74.3% of the participants were satisfied with dentist–patient communication. Positive response (80%) by patients where they were able to get an appointment as per their suitability and were informed in advance by the department if there were any changes. One hundred and sixty-eight (84%) patients responded that the waiting area was hygienic. One hundred and thirty-seven (68.5%) patients assured that their arrival was intimated to the respective dentist by supporting staff and that they were taken into an operatory for treatment within 10 min of arrival. Participants said that they were informed about the delay from their allotted appointment schedule with reasons; hence, better compliance (79%) was obtained from them.

Conclusions:

This cross-sectional study indicated that with proper communication, a positive response by participants over satisfaction was obtained even due to changing treatment patterns due to pandemic.
Local Attitudes Toward Amur Tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) Conservation in the Russian Far East
Authors: Mukhacheva Anna S. , Bragina Eugenia V. , Miquelle Dale G. , Kretser Heidi E. , Derugina Vasilissa V.
Published: August 2022

Public support is a necessary component of large carnivore conservation. We analysed public opinion on Amur tigers, Panthera tigris altaica, in Russia's Far East, the northernmost stronghold of the world's rarest big cat. We surveyed 1035 people in 5 settlements at increasing distances to tiger habitat. Overall support for tiger conservation was high (95.4%), although lower in more rural communities—especially among hunters—with limited socio-economic opportunities, and where tigers pose a higher perceived threat to livelihoods. Nearly 20% of respondents supported lethal removal of individual problem tigers that posed a threat to humans. Non-hunters, higher-income earners, and people who rated their communities' pre-college education positively showed less support for even such restricted killing of tigers. Hunters were more likely to support the idea of legalising tiger hunting (hunting tigers is a felony in Russia), and less likely to attribute tiger decline primarily to poaching. Despite strong support for tiger conservation in both urban and rural settings, a subset of the local populace is still engaged in poaching and trading of tigers, making improved situational crime prevention a needed focus of future efforts, alongside behaviour change campaigns promoting active resistance to poaching among tiger supporters.

Abstract in Russian:
https://bit.ly/3KBDU1A

Supplementary material:
https://bit.ly/37B3cPj
Primary adrenal insufficiency secondary to bilateral adrenal
lymphoma
Authors: Ghareeb Zahra , Alfaraj Shatha , Alnaji Zainab
Published: August 2022

Involvement of adrenal glands in lymphoma is rare; the patient may have
variable presentations. We report a case of a 62-year-old Saudi female who
presented to our center with a few-week history of fatigue, weight loss,
subjective fever, and a recent change in skin color. On examination, she
looked dehydrated and had a drop in blood pressure with postural change and
hyperpigmentation of the skin of the face and hands. Morning cortisol levels
were low, and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were high, which indicated
primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI). An adrenal computed tomography (CT)
scan revealed bilateral adrenal enlargement. After excluding
pheochromocytoma, a CT scan-guided trucut biopsy of the adrenals confirmed
non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The patient was started on steroid replacement
therapy, and after stabilization, a plan was made to initiate chemotherapy
for the treatment of lymphoma; unfortunately, the patient died shortly after
diagnosis because of rapid progression of the disease. Adrenal lymphoma can
present with PAI and should be considered in the presence of bilateral
adrenal enlargement; it is an aggressive tumor and carries poor prognosis if
the treatment is delayed.
Clinician's experience of telepsychiatry consultations with elderly patients
Authors: Naskar Chandrima , Grover Sandeep , Mehra Aseem , Sahoo Swapnajeet
Published: August 2022

Background:

During the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, telepsychiatry became a norm as a primary method of health-care delivery across India. However, not much evidence is available regarding the experience of psychiatrists in providing a telepsychiatry consultation.

Objective:

This study aims to assess the experience and satisfaction of the clinician in providing teleconsultations to elderly patients/their caregivers.

Methodology:

Clinicians scored their experience, satisfaction, and their perception of therapeutic alliance in providing the teleconsultation to patients of age 60 years or more, in a detailed Google Forms-based questionnaire.

Results:

Ninety-eight teleconsultations were assessed by clinicians. The patients had a mean age of 69.5 years, with an equal number of males and females. In more than 80% of the teleconsultations, patients were accompanied by their relatives. In about one-fourth of the consultations, psychiatrists encountered connectivity issues from the patient side. Overall, for three-fourth (72%) of the teleconsultations, clinicians reported being satisfied to a large extent; for two-thirds (66%) of the consultations, the clinicians rated their teleconsultation experience as that of providing an in-person consultation; and for about 10% of consultations, the experience was rated as better than the in-person consultation. In terms of a therapeutic alliance, in almost 85%–90% of consultations, the clinicians noted that they could build a rapport, empathize with their patients, and build a relationship of trust with the patients and their caregivers.

Conclusions:

Teleconsultation with the elderly might not be as difficult as intuitively thought and clinicians are in general satisfied with the same and consider that they can establish a good therapeutic alliance with the patients and their caregivers.
Role of leisure activity in quality of life and meaning in life of male and female older adults
Authors: Mukherjee Pooja , Ghosh Ankita , Dasgupta Subrata
Published: August 2022

Context:

India at present is experiencing a phenomenal increase in the number of older adults. Old age is marked by challenges across multiple domains of life. To overcome the challenges of old age, the focus should be on improving the quality of life (QOL) and meaning in life (MIL) of older adults.

Aim:

This study aimed to determine the effect of leisure activity on QOL and MIL of male and female older adults in old-age homes.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 male and female retired older adults (65–80 years), living in old-age homes of Hooghly district, West Bengal, using the Older People's Quality of Life Questionnaire (OPQOL-35) by Bowling and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) by Steger, Frazier, Oishi, & Kaler.

Results:

Older adults who engaged in active leisure activities had higher QOL and MIL than those engaged in passive leisure activities. Male older adults had higher QOL and MIL than female older adults.

Conclusion:

Opportunities to pursue active leisure activities should be promoted among older adults in old-age homes.