bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
River Regulation Alleviates the Impacts of Climate Change on U.S. Thermoelectricity Production
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Li Hong‐Yi , Leung L. Ruby , Liu Lu , Hejazi Mohamad I. , Forman Barton A. , Yigzaw Wondmagegn
Published: February 2020

Climate change is projected to elevate stream temperature and poses threats to thermoelectric power generation. Although two thirds of the global rivers are regulated by dams, the impacts of river regulation on stream temperature and thermoelectricity production have not been evaluated in previous studies. Using a state‐of‐the‐art integrated water cycle model and a power generation model, we quantify the impacts of river regulation on stream temperature and usable capacity of once‐through thermoelectric power in the United States. Our study demonstrates that by lowering stream temperature and increasing water availability during the low‐flow season, river regulation can curtail the loss of summer power plant usable capacity induced by climate change. The alleviation of power loss by water management is comparable to that resulting from emission mitigation that reduces warming in the future. Our new findings highlight the necessity of incorporating water management effects in thermoelectric power vulnerability assessment.
Tetrahydrobenzimidazole TMQ0153 triggers apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis crosstalk in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Song Sungmi , Lee Jin-Young , Ermolenko Ludmila , Mazumder Aloran , Ji Seungwon , Ryu Heeju , Kim HyeJin , Kim Dong-Wook , Lee Jung Weon , Dicato Mario , Christov Christo , Schnekenburger Michael , Cerella Claudia , Gérard Déborah , Orlikova-Boyer Barbora , Al-Mourabit Ali , Diederich Marc
Published: February 2020

By comparing imatinib-sensitive and -resistant chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell models, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which tetrahydrobenzimidazole derivative TMQ0153 triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis at low concentrations accompanied by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increase of cytosolic free Ca2+ levels. Interestingly, at higher concentrations, TMQ0153 induced necroptotic cell death with accumulation of ROS, both preventable by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) pretreatment. At necroptosis-inducing concentrations, we observed increased ROS and decreased ATP and GSH levels, concomitant with protective autophagy induction. Inhibitors such as bafilomycin A1 (baf-A1) and siRNA against beclin 1 abrogated autophagy, sensitized CML cells against TMQ0153 and enhanced necroptotic cell death. Importantly, TMQ153-induced necrosis led to cell surface exposure of calreticulin (CRT) and ERp57 as well as the release of extracellular ATP and high mobility group box (HMGB1) demonstrating the capacity of this compound to release immunogenic cell death (ICD) markers. We validated the anti-cancer potential of TMQ0153 by in vivo inhibition of K562 microtumor formation in zebrafish. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that cellular stress and redox modulation by TMQ0153 concentration-dependently leads to different cell death modalities including controlled necrosis in CML cell models.
4D imaging of lithium-batteries using correlative neutron and X-ray tomography with a virtual unrolling technique
Authors: Ziesche Ralf F. , Arlt Tobias , Finegan Donal P. , Heenan Thomas M. M. , Tengattini Alessandro , Baum Daniel , Kardjilov Nikolay , Markötter Henning , Manke Ingo , Kockelmann Winfried , Brett Dan J. L. , Shearing Paul R.
Published: February 2020

The temporally and spatially resolved tracking of lithium intercalation and electrode degradation processes are crucial for detecting and understanding performance losses during the operation of lithium-batteries. Here, high-throughput X-ray computed tomography has enabled the identification of mechanical degradation processes in a commercial Li/MnO2 primary battery and the indirect tracking of lithium diffusion; furthermore, complementary neutron computed tomography has identified the direct lithium diffusion process and the electrode wetting by the electrolyte. Virtual electrode unrolling techniques provide a deeper view inside the electrode layers and are used to detect minor fluctuations which are difficult to observe using conventional three dimensional rendering tools. Moreover, the ‘unrolling’ provides a platform for correlating multi-modal image data which is expected to find wider application in battery science and engineering to study diverse effects e.g. electrode degradation or lithium diffusion blocking during battery cycling.
A specific prelimbic-nucleus accumbens pathway controls resilience versus vulnerability to food addiction
Authors: Domingo-Rodriguez Laura , Ruiz de Azua Inigo , Dominguez Eduardo , Senabre Eric , Serra Irene , Kummer Sami , Navandar Mohit , Baddenhausen Sarah , Hofmann Clementine , Andero Raul , Gerber Susanne , Navarrete Marta , Dierssen Mara , Lutz Beat , Martín-García Elena , Maldonado Rafael
Published: February 2020

Food addiction is linked to obesity and eating disorders and is characterized by a loss of behavioral control and compulsive food intake. Here, using a food addiction mouse model, we report that the lack of cannabinoid type-1 receptor in dorsal telencephalic glutamatergic neurons prevents the development of food addiction-like behavior, which is associated with enhanced synaptic excitatory transmission in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). In contrast, chemogenetic inhibition of neuronal activity in the mPFC-NAc pathway induces compulsive food seeking. Transcriptomic analysis and genetic manipulation identified that increased dopamine D2 receptor expression in the mPFC-NAc pathway promotes the addiction-like phenotype. Our study unravels a new neurobiological mechanism underlying resilience and vulnerability to the development of food addiction, which could pave the way towards novel and efficient interventions for this disorder.
Versatile cobalt-catalyzed regioselective chain-walking double hydroboration of 1,n-dienes to access gem-bis(boryl)alkanes
Authors: Hu Ming , Ge Shaozhong
Published: February 2020

Double hydroboration of dienes is the addition of a hydrogen and a boryl group to the two double bonds of a diene molecule and represents a straightforward and effective protocol to prepare synthetically versatile bis(boryl)alkanes, provided that this reaction occurs selectively. However, this reaction can potentially yield several isomeric organoboron products, and it still remains a challenge to control the regioselectivity of this reaction, which allows the selective production of a single organoboron product, in particular, for a broad scope of dienes. By employing a readily available cobalt catalyst, here we show that this double hydroboration yields synthetically useful gem-bis(boryl)alkanes with excellent regioselectivity. In addition, the scope of dienes for this reaction is broad and encompasses a wide range of conjugated and non-conjugated dienes. Furthermore, mechanistic studies indicate that this cobalt-catalyzed double hydroboration occurs through boryl-directed chain-walking hydroboration of alkenylboronates generated from anti-Markovnikov 1,2-hydroboration of 1,n-diene.
Rapid and site-specific deep phosphoproteome profiling by data-independent acquisition without the need for spectral libraries
Authors: Bekker-Jensen Dorte B. , Bernhardt Oliver M. , Hogrebe Alexander , Martinez-Val Ana , Verbeke Lynn , Gandhi Tejas , Kelstrup Christian D. , Reiter Lukas , Olsen Jesper V.
Published: February 2020

Quantitative phosphoproteomics has transformed investigations of cell signaling, but it remains challenging to scale the technology for high-throughput analyses. Here we report a rapid and reproducible approach to analyze hundreds of phosphoproteomes using data-independent acquisition (DIA) with an accurate site localization score incorporated into Spectronaut. DIA-based phosphoproteomics achieves an order of magnitude broader dynamic range, higher reproducibility of identification, and improved sensitivity and accuracy of quantification compared to state-of-the-art data-dependent acquisition (DDA)-based phosphoproteomics. Notably, direct DIA without the need of spectral libraries performs close to analyses using project-specific libraries, quantifying > 20,000 phosphopeptides in 15 min single-shot LC-MS analysis per condition. Adaptation of a 3D multiple regression model-based algorithm enables global determination of phosphorylation site stoichiometry in DIA. Scalability of the DIA approach is demonstrated by systematically analyzing the effects of thirty kinase inhibitors in context of epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling showing that specific protein kinases mediate EGF-dependent phospho-regulation.
The place-cell representation of volumetric space in rats
Authors: Grieves Roddy M. , Jedidi-Ayoub Selim , Mishchanchuk Karyna , Liu Anyi , Renaudineau Sophie , Jeffery Kate J.
Published: February 2020

Place cells are spatially modulated neurons found in the hippocampus that underlie spatial memory and navigation: how these neurons represent 3D space is crucial for a full understanding of spatial cognition. We wirelessly recorded place cells in rats as they explored a cubic lattice climbing frame which could be aligned or tilted with respect to gravity. Place cells represented the entire volume of the mazes: their activity tended to be aligned with the maze axes, and when it was more difficult for the animals to move vertically the cells represented space less accurately and less stably. These results demonstrate that even surface-dwelling animals represent 3D space and suggests there is a fundamental relationship between environment structure, gravity, movement and spatial memory.
Finely tuned eye movements enhance visual acuity
Authors: Intoy Janis , Rucci Michele
Published: February 2020

High visual acuity is essential for many tasks, from recognizing distant friends to driving a car. While much is known about how the eye’s optics and anatomy contribute to spatial resolution, possible influences from eye movements are rarely considered. Yet humans incessantly move their eyes, and it has long been suggested that oculomotor activity enhances fine pattern vision. Here we examine the role of eye movements in the most common assessment of visual acuity, the Snellen eye chart. By precisely localizing gaze and actively controlling retinal stimulation, we show that fixational behavior improves acuity by more than 0.15 logMAR, at least 2 lines of the Snellen chart. This improvement is achieved by adapting both microsaccades and ocular drifts to precisely position the image on the retina and adjust its motion. These findings show that humans finely tune their fixational eye movements so that they greatly contribute to normal visual acuity.
CD229 CAR T cells eliminate multiple myeloma and tumor propagating cells without fratricide
Authors: Radhakrishnan Sabarinath V. , Luetkens Tim , Scherer Sandra D. , Davis Patricia , Vander Mause Erica R. , Olson Michael L. , Yousef Sara , Panse Jens , Abdiche Yasmina , Li K. David , Miles Rodney R. , Matsui William , Welm Alana L. , Atanackovic Djordje
Published: February 2020

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy and most patients eventually succumb to the disease. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) on MM cells have shown high-response rates, but limited durability. CD229/LY9 is a cell surface receptor present on B and T lymphocytes that is universally and strongly expressed on MM plasma cells. Here, we develop CD229 CAR T cells that are highly active in vitro and in vivo against MM plasma cells, memory B cells, and MM-propagating cells. We do not observe fratricide during CD229 CAR T cell production, as CD229 is downregulated in T cells during activation. In addition, while CD229 CAR T cells target normal CD229high T cells, they spare functional CD229neg/low T cells. These findings indicate that CD229 CAR T cells may be an effective treatment for patients with MM.
Experimental neural network enhanced quantum tomography
Authors: Palmieri Adriano Macarone , Kovlakov Egor , Bianchi Federico , Yudin Dmitry , Straupe Stanislav , Biamonte Jacob D. , Kulik Sergei
Published: February 2020

Quantum tomography is currently ubiquitous for testing any implementation of a quantum information processing device. Various sophisticated procedures for state and process reconstruction from measured data are well developed and benefit from precise knowledge of the model describing state-preparation-and-measurement (SPAM) apparatus. However, physical models suffer from intrinsic limitations as actual measurement operators and trial states cannot be known precisely. This scenario inevitably leads to SPAM errors degrading reconstruction performance. Here we develop a framework based on machine learning which generally applies to both the tomography and SPAM mitigation problem. We experimentally implement our method. We trained a supervised neural network to filter the experimental data and hence uncovered salient patterns that characterize the measurement probabilities for the original state and the ideal experimental apparatus free from SPAM errors. We compared the neural network state reconstruction protocol with a protocol treating SPAM errors by process tomography, as well as to an SPAM-agnostic protocol with idealized measurements. The average reconstruction fidelity is shown to be enhanced by 10% and 27%, respectively. The presented methods apply to the vast range of quantum experiments which rely on tomography.
Surface ruptures database related to the 26 December 2018, MW 4.9 Mt. Etna earthquake, southern Italy
Authors: Villani F. , Pucci S. , Azzaro R. , Civico R. , Cinti F. R. , Pizzimenti L. , Tarabusi G. , Branca S. , Brunori C. A. , Caciagli M. , Cantarero M. , Cucci L. , D’Amico S. , De Beni E. , De Martini P. M. , Mariucci M. T. , Messina A. , Montone P. , Nappi R. , Nave R. , Pantosti D. , Ricci T. , Sapia V. , Smedile A. , Vallone R. , Venuti A.
Published: February 2020

We provide a database of the surface ruptures produced by the 26 December 2018 Mw 4.9 earthquake that struck the eastern flank of Mt. Etna volcano in Sicily (southern Italy). Despite its relatively small magnitude, this shallow earthquake caused about 8 km of surface faulting, along the trace of the NNW-trending active Fiandaca Fault. Detailed field surveys have been performed in the epicentral area to map the ruptures and to characterize their kinematics. The surface ruptures show a dominant right-oblique sense of displacement with an average slip of about 0.09 m and a maximum value of 0.35 m. We have parsed and organized all observations in a concise database, with 932 homogeneous georeferenced records. The Fiandaca Fault is part of the complex active Timpe faults system affecting the eastern flank of Etna, and its seismic history indicates a prominent surface-faulting potential. Therefore, this database is essential for unravelling the seismotectonics of shallow earthquakes in volcanic areas, and contributes updating empirical scaling regressions that relate magnitude and extent of surface faulting.
Herbicide drift exposure leads to reduced herbicide sensitivity in Amaranthus spp.
Authors: Vieira Bruno C. , Luck Joe D. , Amundsen Keenan L. , Werle Rodrigo , Gaines Todd A. , Kruger Greg R.
Published: February 2020

While the introduction of herbicide tolerant crops provided growers new options to manage weeds, the widespread adoption of these herbicides increased the risk for herbicide spray drift to surrounding vegetation. The impact of herbicide drift in sensitive crops is extensively investigated, whereas scarce information is available on the consequences of herbicide drift in non-target plants. Weeds are often abundant in field margins and ditches surrounding agricultural landscapes. Repeated herbicide drift exposure to weeds could be detrimental to long-term management as numerous weeds evolved herbicide resistance following recurrent-selection with low herbicide rates. The objective of this study was to evaluate if glyphosate, 2,4-D, and dicamba spray drift could select Amaranthus spp. biotypes with reduced herbicide sensitivity. Palmer amaranth and waterhemp populations were recurrently exposed to herbicide drift in a wind tunnel study over two generations. Seeds from survival plants were used for the subsequent rounds of herbicide drift exposure. Progenies were subjected to herbicide dose-response studies following drift selection. Herbicide drift exposure rapidly selected for Amaranthus spp. biotypes with reduced herbicide sensitivity over two generations. Weed management programs should consider strategies to mitigate near-field spray drift and suppress the establishment of resistance-prone weeds on field borders and ditches in agricultural landscapes.
Lithium and magnesium polymeric electrolytes prepared using poly(glycidyl ether)-based polymers with short grafted chains
Authors: Viviani Marco , Meereboer Niels Laurens , Saraswati Ni Luh Putu Ananda , Loos Katja , Portale Giuseppe
Published: February 2020

A simple and effective strategy to synthesize a new class of PAGE-based polymer electrolytes containing lithium and magnesium salts.
Synthesis and properties investigation of hydroxyl functionalized polyisoprene prepared by cobalt catalyzed co-polymerization of isoprene and hydroxylmyrcene
Authors: Xu Yuechao , Zhao Junyi , Gan Qiao , Ying Weilun , Hu Zhonghan , Tang Fuming , Luo Wanwei , Luo Yunjie , Jian Zhongbao , Gong Dirong
Published: February 2020

Controlled copolymerization of isoprene and hydroxylmyrcene afforded well-defined hydroxyl functionalized polyisoprene. Blends of functionalized polyisoprene/SiO2 displayed enhanced miscibility, and remarkable vulcanization and mechanical properties.
Evidence of the enhanced negative thermal expansion in (1 − x)PbTiO3-xBi(Zn2/3Ta1/3)O3
Authors: Yang Tao , Lin Kun , Li Qiang , Wang Yilin , Gu Lin , Wang Na , Deng Jinxia , Chen Jun , Xing Xianran
Published: February 2020

Enhanced polarization displacement in (1 − x)PbTiO3-xBi(Zn2/3Ta1/3)O3 solutions has been reported.
Fluorescence enhancement based on cooperative effects of a photonic nanojet and plasmon resonance
Authors: Zhang Weina , Lei Hongxiang
Published: February 2020

Developing a universal and simple structure with an excellent fluorescence enhancement is a highly desirable goal for practical applications in optical detection and imaging.
Finite‐element analysis for surface discharge on polyimide insulation in air at atmospheric pressure under pulsed electrical stress
Authors: Dong Guojing , Li Qingmin , Liu Tao , Gao Haoyu , Zhang Minhao
Published: February 2020

A surface discharge non‐equilibrium plasma model of air–polyimide under pulsed electrical stress is established, by considering the reaction of charged particles on the dielectric surface and the secondary electron emission caused by the condition that high‐energy particles bombard the material surface. The model defines the chemical reaction of air discharge by using simplified set of reactions, which greatly reduces the complexity of the model. To avoid the negative value of particle density in the process of solution, the logarithmic finite‐element method is used to solve the model established, so as to implement the dynamic simulation of the surface discharge process. Also, the temporal and spatial evolution of the microparameters such as charge and electric field distribution during discharge are obtained, and the reliability of the model is verified by experiments in terms of discharge development pattern and surface charge accumulation. By comparing the development process of surface discharge under single pulse and repetitive pulses, it can be seen that surface discharge develops from needle electrode to ground electrode under both repetitive pulses and single pulse stress, but the relationship between the discharge propagation time under repetitive pulses and pulse repetition rate is a ‘u’ curve, and the inflection point moves to higher repetition rate region with the increase of voltage.
Water quality prediction method based on preferred classification
Authors: Sheng Liming , Zhou Jian , Li Xin , Pan Yifan , Liu Linfeng
Published: February 2020

Water quality monitoring and prediction are important parts of Cyber Physical Systems. Considering the complexity, diversity, and strong non‐linearity of water quality data, a single water quality prediction model is difficult to have a significant effect on different data. To solve this problem, a new water quality prediction method based on the preferred classification is proposed in this study. A preferred classifier is established to integrate back propagation neural network, support vector machines for regression and long short‐term memory due to the fact that these three prediction models can take into account the different characteristics of water quality data. When new data input, the proposed method preferentially selects the prediction model that is most suitable for the data, and then uses the selected model for prediction. Finally, the proposed method is applied in two actual datasets: Songhua River and Victoria Bay. Experimental results demonstrate that the water quality prediction method based on preferred classification achieves better performance than any of the three single prediction models.
Voltage sag influence on controlled three‐phase grid‐connected inverters according to the Spanish grid code
Authors: Bakkar Mostafa , Bogarra Santiago , Rolán Alejandro , Córcoles Felipe , Saura Jaume
Published: February 2020

To ensure the safe operation of the grid, there are some requirements to be taken into consideration to connect power converters. During abnormal conditions – e.g. during voltage sags –, the control of the converters is a very important key to guarantee power quality and good behaviour of the distributed generation system. The aim of this study is to employ two possible control strategies for a grid‐connected inverter according to the Spanish grid code, and to analyse the behaviour of the output voltages during both symmetrical and unsymmetrical voltage sags. The analytical development shows the sag influence on currents, voltages, active and reactive powers. These influences are explained through Ku transformation in the synchronous reference frame, thus giving a representation for electrical variables easiest to analyse. The results show how control strategies affect the converter behaviour and how they can support the main grid during faults through the control of active and reactive power injection. Sags with different durations and depths have been taken into account, which can provoke critical values for electrical magnitudes and can lead to the violation of the grid code. The proposed control strategies study has been validated by means of both simulations in Matlab TM –Simulink and experimental results.
High-precision polarimetry of nearby stars (d < 50 pc)
Authors: Piirola V. , Berdyugin A. , Frisch P. C. , Kagitani M. , Sakanoi T. , Berdyugina S. , Cole A. A. , Harlingten C. , Hill K.
Published: February 2020

Context. We investigate the linear polarization produced by interstellar dust aligned by the magnetic field in the solar neighborhood (d < 50 pc). We also look for intrinsic effects from circumstellar processes, specifically in terms of polarization variability and wavelength dependence.

Aims. We aim to detect and map dust clouds which give rise to statistically significant amounts of polarization of the starlight passing through the cloud, and to determine the interstellar magnetic field direction from the position angle of the observed polarization.

Methods. High-precision broad-band (BV R) polarization observations are made of 361 stars in spectral classes F to G, with detection sensitivity at the level of or better than 10−5 (0.001%). The sample consists of 125 stars in the magnitude range 6–9 observed at the 2.2 m UH88 telescope on Mauna Kea, 205 stars in the magnitude range 3–6 observed at the Japanese (Tohoku) T60 telescope on Haleakala, and 31 stars in the magnitude range 4–7 observed at the 1.27 m H127 telescope of the Greenhill Observatory, Tasmania. Identical copies of the Dipol-2 polarimeter are used on these three sites.

Results. Statistically significant (>3σ) polarization is found in 115 stars, and >2σ detection in 178 stars, out of the total sample of 361 stars. Polarization maps based on these data show filament-like patterns of polarization position angles, which are related to both the heliosphere geometry, the kinematics of nearby clouds, and the Interstellar Boundary EXplorer ribbon magnetic field. From long-term multiple observations, a number (~20) of stars show evidence of intrinsic variability at the 10−5 level. This can be attributed to circumstellar effects (e.g., debris disks and chromospheric activity). The star HD 101805 shows a peculiar wavelength dependence, indicating size distribution of scattering particles different from that of a typical interstellar medium. Our high signal-to-noise measurements of nearby stars with very low polarization also provide a useful dataset for calibration purposes.
Peat water treatment using oxidation and physical filtration system and its performance in reducing iron (Fe), turbidity, and color
Authors: Arifianingsih Nur Novilina , Zevi Yuniati , Helmy Qomarudin , Notodarmojo Suprihanto , Fujita Hirofumi , Shimayama Yoshinobu , Kirihara Masao
Published: February 2020

This research was conducted to treat peat water using oxidation and physical filtration system. Initially, the characterization of peat water was determined by three parameters, including iron (Fe), turbidity, and color. These three parameters exhibited values that exceeded the water standard limit. This study used two samples consisting of high and low iron content. Both samples were treated using NaClO for the oxidation-catalytic process and Manganese sand for the filter. The trial time is 67 minutes by calculating the value of each parameter every 10 minutes. The result shows different performance in the sample with low iron and high iron. In the sample with low iron (0.32 mg/l), the efficiency of reducing iron is 65.62%, the efficiency of reducing turbidity is 78.95% and the efficiency of reducing color is 78.77%. The results obtained showed differences in samples with high iron (6.75 mg / l). Iron reduction efficiency is 29.17%, turbidity reduction efficiency is 69.05% and color reduction efficiency is 61.32%.
Effektives Richtungswechseltraining
Authors: Kadlec Daniel , Gröger David
Published: February 2020

Richtungswechsel sind für viele Ballsportarten unverzichtbar. Sie stellen aber auch ein hohes Risiko für Verletzungen dar. Dennoch werden sie im Training oft nicht hinreichend geübt, weil die Wirksamkeit entsprechender Maßnahmen oft unterschätzt wird.
Advances in hydrogel photonics and their applications
Authors: Umar Muhammad , Min Kyungtaek , Kim Sunghwan
Published: February 2020

Hydrogels are three-dimensional, hydrophilic networks of cross-linked polymers that can retain water molecules in the structures and respond to physical/chemical stimulus by changing their phase and volume. Recent progress shows hydrogels with optical clarity and good processability to construct various microstructures/nanostructures, which are attractive for photonics-based environmental and biological sensing applications. Moreover, hydrogel-based photonic structures formed by biocompatible and biodegradable polymers are capable of delivering light into living tissues for diagnosis, therapy, and stimulus. We introduce recent studies of hydrogel-based photonic structures, including waveguides, optical fibers, photonic crystals, and plasmonic structures. Optically active photonic devices have been reported by doping luminescent agents into the hydrogel. In addition to introducing important demonstrations of the photonic components, the recent progress in new applications using the hydrogel-based photonic platforms is discussed. Development in the technology of hydrogel photonics will provide a solution to the convergence of scientific fields where the use of conventional photonic devices has been limited.
The voices of silence: The case of Georgian history textbooks
Authors: Bursulaia Guranda
Published: February 2020

Multiple studies in the Social Sciences and Humanities emphasize the importance of textbooks in shaping collective memory as well as the process of transmission to a new generation. The state is considered the main agent in the formation of dominant narratives transmitted through textbooks. This article attempts to demonstrate that public opinion and judgment are as such important vectors of the official rhetoric or policy meant to influence the prevailing discourse. In post-conflict societies, the wider scholarship suggests that silencing, a type of forgetting, is an effective tool when telling stories of traumatization. Silencing is not only a form of forgetting, but rather a self-sufficient, independent category, and a deliberately selected technique of remembering. It is an intentional strategy of voiceless speaking. Using a qualitative research method, I build my arguments on a textual analysis of the six most common Georgian school history textbooks from 1993 to 2018, focusing on chapters relating to the 1992–93 war in Abkhazia. I propose three types of silencing: traumatic, personalized and victimized. This study contributes to the vibrant discussion about memory agents, as well as correlations between individual, collective and official memory. It explores the impact of such memories on the national curricula.
The sustainable built environment maintained by the Betawian traditional house’s faithfulness in local wisdom
Authors: Asriningpuri Handajani
Published: February 2020

The uniqueness of construction and building process influences the purpose of form, generally recognized by local wisdom. Occasionally climate will not influence the building it follows, custom-tradition and environment condition that determine the differences of characteristics in responding to the climate. There are three elements to consider in architectural discipline: Nature as a place that influences the building; Building as a product to fulfill human necessity to stay in nature, and human as user, occupant, designer or builder. Those elements are inseparable, as they link to each other. Consequently it is important to take into account the environmental conditions when establish building and dwelling. Beside that it is necessary for house residents to obey and follow the stipulation regulated by local custom or tradition. The Betawian house is traditional house that maintains the built environment sustainability it is faithfulness in the local wisdom. For instance the house has veranda as a respond to the climate. For that reasons the author conducted this research with the following hypothesis “the fidelity to local wisdom in supporting the traditional house’s response to the climate” with descriptive-qualitative methodology. The discussion included the theory of traditional architecture in Indonesia, the Betawian ethnic house; the tropical architecture-building theory and the sustainable architecture theory. Findings showed the decrease a number of housing and dwelling that use of local wisdom as a response to the climate changes. One of the research goals was to preserve the local wisdom by maintaining the traditional house and teaching the house resident to preserve. Publishing a journal article is a way to raise the awareness of the built environment sustainability.
Rights to the city, tolerance, and the Javanese concepts of “Rukun” and “Tepo Sliro”: a portray from five kampungs in Yogyakarta
Authors: Setiawan Bakti
Published: February 2020

The research explores how the notion of ‘rights to the city,’ as an important element of the contestation over the globalized “human rights’ movement, is then manifested and implemented in local context. It aims to understand whether the idea of rights to the city is perceived and practiced in a specific setting, the urban Javanese context and setting, in this case, the historic city of Yogyakarta. It is based on the idea that in historic city like Yogyakarta, existing local norms and concepts could be contested with western norms and concepts of rights to the city. This was an exploratory research, utilizing multiple case studies approach and method to understand local norms and theories related to the issue of rights to the city and city tolerance. The research purposively selected five case studies that represented the Javanese concepts of rights to the city and city tolerance. It revealed that the practice of Javanese concepts of ‘rukun’ and ‘tepo sliro’ could be contested with the western concepts of rights to the city and city tolerance. It, however, also showed that such concepts were not free from misuse and even abuse to maintain status quo or to exhibit quasi-harmony. The paper also showed how the idea of inclusive and sustainable city under the New Urban Agenda was interpreted and implemented in local situation and contexts.
Air temperature and CO2 concentration in naturally ventilated classrooms in hot and humid tropical climate
Authors: Talarosha Basaria , Satwiko Prasasto , Aulia Dwira Nirfalini
Published: February 2020

Students at the public primary schools in Medan city, Indonesia, complete 90% of their learning activities in the same classroom, which, in order to save energy, utilises natural ventilation to obtain thermal comfort and fresh air for indoor air quality, which is the physical school environment that impacts the students’ achievement. Air temperature is a crucial factor that influences thermal comfort, while the CO2 concentration determines the quality of fresh air. This paper aims to describe air temperature and the CO2 concentration in an occupied naturally cross-ventilated classroom in a hot and humid tropical climate, in Medan city, Indonesia. The air temperature and CO2 level were simultaneously monitored for four days during the students’ lesson hours in a school classroom that complies with the regulations of the Ministry of Education of Indonesia about the infrastructure standards for elementary, junior high, and senior high schools. The results of this study showed that air temperature in the classroom exceeded the comfortable temperature, while the median CO2 concentration was below 1000 ppm as recommended by ASHRAE and WHO.
An overview of durability model for timber structure decay under Indonesian climate
Authors: Prabowo Herry , Hilmy Mochamad
Published: February 2020

The problem of wood durability is closely related to the degradation mechanism that can be distinguished into mechanical, physical, biological, and chemical degradation. The most affecting combination of degradation in modelling the durability of wood structures is a combination of mechanical and biological. The durability model of wood structure reviewed was based on a model developed by CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization), Australia. Parameters taken into account in the model included physical wood, climate, coating paint, thickness, width, connection, and geometry parameters. The model predicted a decay rate for timber installed in-ground and timber above-ground. The results of this study were expected to provide a preliminary description of the behavior of the durability of wood structures based on several parameters adapted based on environmental conditions in Indonesia.
Adaptive thermal comfort of naturally ventilated classrooms of elementary schools in the tropics
Authors: Hamzah Baharuddin , Mulyadi Rosady , Amin Samsuddin , Kusno Asniawaty
Published: February 2020

Thermal comfort is one of the very important factors in enhancing the human quality of life, including students who spend a lot of times learning in schools. This article was intended to analyze the students’ adaptive thermal comfort in naturally ventilated classrooms of the elementary schools in the tropical city of Makassar. The study analyzed data gathered from 33 surveyed classrooms in six primary schools. The recorded data consisted of the personal and adaptive behavior of 1,111 students, and the thermal environments of the classrooms. At the same time, students filled out the questionnaires asking their thermal sensation, comfort level, and thermal preferences against the classrooms’ thermal environments. The results of measurements showed that the indoor mean air temperature, air humidity, and air velocity were 30.4 °C, 68%, and 0.1 m/s, respectively. They indicated that the classrooms had the hot temperature, high humidity, and low air velocity. The calculated PMV based on these parameters showed that about 90% of students felt either warm (+2) or hot (+3). The PMV overestimated the actual students’ thermal comfort where more than 85% of students voted slightly cool (-1), neutral (0), and slightly warm (+1). In addition, the neutral temperature predicted by PMV was 25.5 °C. This neutral temperature was very low in comparison to 30.2 °C calculated by using thermal sensation vote (TSV). These suggested that students of elementary schools in the tropic were tolerant to the hot environment. The use of the adaptive models to calculate the neutral temperature of students presented similar results gathered from actual votes. Therefore, the adaptive model became the best method to explain the thermal comfort of students in the elementary schools in the tropics.
Exploring the Effect of Specific Bacterial Strains on the Degradation and Production of Volatile Fatty Acids from Food Waste Leachate
Authors: Pham Van HT , Chang SW
Published: February 2020

Waste stream has well known as a best option for biorefinery process as it effectively mitigates the organic amount to produces biogas as a renewable and an alterative energy. Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs) are huge valuable sources for the chemical industry as the precursors of reduced chemicals and derivatives. On the other hand, they have well known as the substrates for bio-fuel production like methane and hydrogen. Thus, the aim of this study is to isolate a pure specific bacterial strains from a variety of sources such as soil, wastewater and food waste leachate that play a crucial role in VFAs degradation and production. In this study, twenty bacterial strains isolated from soil and waste samples were tested in presence of VFAs components concluding acetic acid, butyric acid and propionic acid at 35 °C in four periods: 1-day, 5-day, 10-day and 15-day incubations. Consequently, eight strains illustrated strong growth in the mineral salt media containing VFAs components after 15 days. Four strains out of eight have been found as producing VFAs bacterial candidates. These strains later were tested back in the Food Waste Leachate as a substrate for carbon and energy sources at the same operational conditions. Moreover, there are other four strains which have been explored from the other group chosen for an examination of VFA degradation. After determining potential VFAs consuming and producing candidates, a consortium has been screening for accelerating and optimizing the gas production in the next study at variety of operation conditions.
Study and Practice on Pollution Control of Rain and Sewage Overflow in Old Urban Area -- Taking the Yangluo Old Urban Areas in Wuhan as an Example
Authors: He Shufang , Jia Baojie , Liu YeShuang , Huang Zhuo
Published: February 2020

In view of the pollution problem of rain and sewage overflow in old urban area, the pollution characteristics and the pollution load are calculated and analysed, and then it is proposed that the initial rainwater storage technology be used to deal with the rainwater and sewage overflow. Based on the rainfall datas of years in Wuhan, and balance rainfall field controlling rate, annual runoff controlling rate and storage area to determine the initial rainfall storage standard. Then, the benefits of storage and disposal are forecasted. Finally, suggestions for further solving the problem of rain and sewage overflow pollution in the old city are put forward.
Utilisation of secondary raw materials for production of artificial soils substrate
Authors: Dlabaja M
Published: February 2020

A large number of secondary raw materials arise from industrial production. It is necessary to find a way for the use of these materials not utilisable for the primary production, for example, to adjust physically-mechanical and chemical properties in order to manufacture the artificial soil substrate for reclamation of those areas which are affected by industrial activities. Then the whole cycle is finally closed. My focus is on the adaptation and utilisation of secondary raw materials. This raw material arises from the treatment of industrial water during cellulose production. The raw material is adapted and utilised by using by-energy products and excavation of soils. We created a special production process for this purpose. We included semi-mobile technological production line that allows for qualitative entry change with the use of physically-mechanical processes, in order to create a certificated reclamation mixture according to specific formulas.
Constructions used to enable fish migration in the Czech Republic and abroad
Authors: Dvorsky T , Vaclavik V
Published: February 2020

This publication deals with the migration permeability of watercourses in the Czech Republic and in the world from the point of view of the constructions enabling this migration. The goal of this article is to compare the situation of fish ladders in the individual continents with the situation in the Czech Republic. It is clear that the area of migration permeability of watercourses was only a marginal topic worldwide, but this sphere of water management has recently gained increasing importance.
Water quality comparison for various drainage systems for 2000 equivalent population
Authors: Hlustik P , Raclavsky J
Published: February 2020

The article deals with the comparison of wastewater quality in gravity and alternative drainage systems. The gravity drainage systems include combined and sanitary sewerage systems, the alternative systems encompass pressure and vacuum sewerage systems. The difference in the quality of wastewater conveyed to a wastewater treatment plant is influenced by the relevant sewerage system, its technical condition and regular maintenance. The objective of the article is to highlight the differences in wastewater quality with respect to BOD, COD, SS, NH4, Nt and Pct indicators based on the chemical analyzes conducted over several years of operation. The comparison is made for selected municipalities in the Czech Republic in 2005-2019 for various sewerage systems.
Hard coal flotation depending on the degree of oxidation of the particle surface
Authors: Kolacek J , Zavada J
Published: February 2020

The paper deals with the problem of floatability of coal with different degree of surface oxidation. It was found that coal floatability decreases with increasing degree of oxidation of its surface. In order to improve the flotation of the oxidized coal sample, mineral motor oil was used as a non-polar collector and oleic acid as a surfactant. Flotation tests showed a significant increase in the floatability of the oxidized coal sample after the addition of oleic acid and the close relationship between the degree of oxidation of the coal surface and the proportion of oleic acid as a collector.
Contribution to the study of selected heavy metals in urban wastewaters using ICP-MS method
Authors: Kotalova I , Calabkova K , Drabinova S , Heviankova S
Published: February 2020

Heavy metals pose a significant risk to all environmental elements and human health. The danger lies in the fact that they can be toxic even at low concentrations. For this reason, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was chosen from all available methods to monitor the concentration of selected heavy metals. In comparison with other methods, very low concentrations of monitored substances (in μg/l) can be determined by ICP-MS.

This paper deals with the monitoring of the concentration of selected heavy metals at the inlet and outlet of the municipal wastewater treatment plant, namely lead, cadmium and nickel. The results show that the purification process has a positive effect on the reduction of the concentration of heavy metals in wastewater.
Water management development trends in the 21st century
Authors: Krocova S , Pokorny J
Published: February 2020

To ensure the long-term sustainability of each technical infrastructure it is necessary to know the alternative development trends in the raw material base and the technical development of the systems in questions. The findings are valid for non-renewable sources. Even these renewable sources of raw materials and water can have a very significant capacity differences in different time periods. One of the causes of unevenness in the aquatic ecosystem abundance in the world is today’s ongoing global climate change. It raises already among other things, the considerable movements of the population from the affected territories and the trend which will be probably potentiate. The following article is the basic scope of this issue and indicates the ways in which to recognise the treat in a timely manner and the use appropriately chosen methods to minimise its effects to an acceptable level.
Analysis of the recent state of sewage network in Serbia
Authors: Marko I , Csicsaiova R , Stanko S , Skultetyova I , Hrudka J
Published: February 2020

Serbia is among the countries with the lowest percentage of industrial and municipal wastewater treatment plants. Approximately 72.0% of the cities have a sewerage system, while only 60.0% of the population are connected to the sewerage network. This article is about recent state of sewerage and wastewater treatment in Serbia. It consists of an analysis of the development and the percentage of population connections to the sewerage network. It provides data on the state of wastewater treatment plants in Serbia, as well as on the amount and method of wastewater treatment. The paper aims to analyse the current situation in the field of wastewater treatment.
Management of invasive species Solidago canadensis in Ostrava region (Czech Republic)
Authors: Rajdus T , Svehlakova H , Plohak P , Stalmachova B
Published: February 2020

In this article authors deal with the possibilities of population management of Solidago canadensis species, which is not indigenous in Czech Republic and invasive. The study areas were chosen within the Poodri PLA, which is situated near the city Ostrava in Moravian-Silesian region. Invasive species Solidago canadensis as well as all the other invasive species in general poses a threat especially in the protected landscape areas such as Poodri PLA thanks to disrupting their natural ecosystems and reducing their exceptional biodiversity. Solidago canadensis can achieve those goals mainly thanks to the ability of quick propagation not only sexual one by seeds, but also asexual (vegetative) by rhizomes and thanks to releasing allelopathic substances which has negative impact on other plant species for example inhibition of their germination and growth. By these means it relatively quickly sets up monodominant covers, displaces original and rare plant species and poses threat to further development of the landscape of Poodri PLA. Management was proposed and applied on 5 study areas in Poodri PLA and after that the effectiveness was evaluated. There were chemical (application of herbicides) and mechanical (mowing) methods and their combinations used.