bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formação continuada de professores da rede básica de ensino de municípios da região da campanha e fronteira oeste/RS
Authors: Santos Rosimere Machado dos , Goi Mara Elisângela Jappe
Published: January 2023

Neste texto apresenta-se uma pesquisa sobre a temática Formação Continuada de Professores e tem como pergunta de pesquisa: Como foi ofertada a formação continuada dos professores em alguns municípios da região da Campanha, Fronteira Oeste e um município limítrofe de Caçapava do Sul, RS nos últimos 5 anos? Tem-se por objetivo realizar estudo sistemático sobre as jornadas de formação continuada durante o período de 2017 a 2021, destacando se ocorreu formação específica para cada área do conhecimento e, em especial, em Ciências da Natureza. A investigação foi realizada pela interpretação de um questionário composto por questões de múltipla escolha e questões descritivas que foi enviado aos professores. A análise foi feita de forma quanti-qualitativa a partir dos dados apurados e das categorias a priori. Pelo levantamento dos dados foi possível perceber que aconteceu pouca formação específica para cada área do conhecimento, sendo este um desafio para as Secretarias de Educação, pois os professores alegaram que as formações não estavam de acordo com suas expectativas.
Mulheres egressas da EJA em cursos de licenciatura no litoral norte gaúcho
Authors: Silva Correa Maria Ivanete , Gularte Kelly Cristina Rodrigues , Lopes Sant' Anna Sita Mara
Published: January 2023

Este estudo visa problematizar saber quem são e quais expectativas apresentam duas mulheres egressas da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) que frequentaram cursos de licenciatura nas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) públicas no Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Frente ao questionamento, os objetivos específicos foram compreender de que forma a EJA contribuiu para que elas chegassem ao Ensino Superior, conhecer quais eram suas expectativas quando estavam na EJA olhando para o Ensino Superior, perceber os motivos pelos quais optaram pela licenciatura, verificar como se sentem e se percebem nesse contexto na IES e saber que expectativas futuras possuem. A metodologia mediante pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, bibliográfica, com pesquisa de campo, tendo como instrumento de produção de dados, um questionário. A análise dos dados produzidos teve por orientação a Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin (2016) que permitiu a categorização por eixos. Como principais resultados, destaca-se que a EJA contribuiu significativamente, tanto para o ingresso como para a permanência de ambas nas licenciaturas que efetivam. Através de seus relatos, foi possível compreender o quanto as políticas públicas de acesso e permanência no Ensino Superior foram importantes para lhes conceder as oportunidades necessárias para vencerem os desafios e seguirem sua formação profissional. Destaca-se ainda, que na base de suas expectativas se configura o engajamento e a militância de uma docência com compromisso com outras mulheres e homens que precisam concluir a Educação Básica.
Spatial attention to social information in poker: A neuropsychological study using the Posner cueing paradigm
Authors: Hurel Elodie , Grall-Bronnec Marie , Thiabaud Elsa , Leboucher Juliette , Leroy Maxime , Perrot Bastien , Challet-Bouju Gaëlle
Published: January 2023

Background and aims

This research aimed to characterize social information processing abilities in a population of regular nondisordered poker players compared to controls.

Methods

Participants completed the Posner cueing paradigm task including social cues (faces) to assess attention allocation towards social stimuli, including the effect of the presentation time (subliminal vs supraliminal) and of the emotion displayed. The study included two groups of participants: 30 regular nondisordered poker players (those who played at least three times a week in Texas Hold'em poker games for at least three months) and 30 control participants (those who did not gamble or gambled less than once a month, whatever the game).

Results

The group of regular nondisordered poker players displayed an enhancement of the inhibition of return during the Posner cueing task. This means that in valid trials, they took longer to respond to the already processed localization in supraliminal conditions compared to controls. However, our results did not evidence any particular engagement or disengagement attention abilities toward specific types of emotion.

Discussion and Conclusions

These results suggest that regular nondisordered poker players displayed social information processing abilities, which may be due to the importance to efficiently process social information that can serve as tells in live poker. The observed enhancement of the inhibition of return may permit poker players to not process a localization that has already processed to save attentional resources. Further research regarding the establishment of the IOR in other forms of gambling and with non-social cues needs to be performed.
Ambiguity and Conflict in the Implementation of Policies for Determining Traditional Villages in Siak Regency
Authors: Hasbullah Rizan , Yuliani Febri , As'ari Hasim
Published: January 2023

Traditional village is an original structure that has original rights in the form of rights including managing the territory and life of its customary law community. In order to realize the vision of Siak Regency to increase the existence of Malay culture in Siak Regency as the basis of identity in Siak society, and with the motto of Siak Regency "siak the truly of Malay", law no 6 of 2014 provides a potential and opportunity for the Government The Siak Regency area, to carry out rearrangement of the village by fixing it through the determination and formation of existing villages with the issuance of Regional Regulation No. 2 of 2015 concerning the determination of traditional villages in Siak Regency. The purpose of this research is to analyze the ambiguity and conflict in the implementation of the policy of establishing traditional villages in Siak Regency. This study used a qualitative research method with an exploratory approach. This study uses the Richard Matland Implementation model of Ambiguity and Implementation Conflict. This research was conducted in the traditional village of the Anak Swamp tribe, Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency, Riau Province. The results of this study when viewed from the four indicators of ambiguity and conflict by Richard Matland, only one has a high level of ambiguity and conflict, namely Experimental Ambiguity and Conflict. For this reason, it is hoped that the Siak district government can routinely evaluate process by process, so that it does not create high ambiguity and conflict between policy implementers and the community.
The Klampid New Generation Application as a Support for the Quality of E-Government Based Public Services in the City of Surabaya
Authors: Harpy Meyva , Muchtolifah Muchtolifah , Nisa Fauzatul Laily
Published: January 2023

The government as a state apparatus has an important role in supporting the quality of public services. Providing services to the community is one of the functions of development with the aim of improving the welfare of the community. Community satisfaction with service quality is a benchmark for government performance in carrying out its basic functions and obligations. E-government is used in public services with the aim of providing maximum service to the community in the form of information delivery. The Surabaya City Government's efforts to improve the quality of E-government-based public services in the field of population administration are by implementing the Klampid New Generation application. This paper aims to look at the results of implementing the E-government-based Klampid New Generation application in supporting the quality of public services in the city of Surabaya. The research method in this paper uses the literature study method. To measure the application of the Klampid New Generation application in supporting the quality of public services in the city of Surabaya, using the SERVQUAL indicator as a measuring tool to what extent the implementation of E-government can fulfill service facilities in helping the community. The conclusion from this analysis is that the Klampid New Generation (KNG) program has been able to support the quality of public services in the field of population administration in the city of Surabaya.
Factors associated with allergic rhinitis and combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome (CARAS) in children aged 5–18 years undergoing immunotherapy in a tropical low- or middle-income country
Authors: Peñaranda Augusto , Gantiva Manuela , Moreno-López Sergio , Peñaranda Daniel , Perez-Herrera Lucia C. , Garcia Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

Background: Tropics have some particularities that can impact the natural history and fac-tors associated with allergic diseases. However, few studies described the characteristics of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and combined AR and asthma syndrome (CARAS) in Latin American tropical countries.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the medical, social, and environmental factors associated with AR and CARAS in children aged 5–18 years treated with immunotherapy in two allergy referral centers in Bogotá (Colombia).Material and methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2018 and January 2019. International Study Asthma Allergies Childhood-III and socio-demographic questionnaires were applied to adolescents and parents of children undergoing immunotherapy at the allergy consult in the Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá and UNIMEQ-ORL.
Results: Among 830 children aged 5–18 years, 38.1% (n = 316) were women. Up to 63.25% of the population had a positive skin prick test for house dust mites: 63.25% for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, 61.81% for Dermatophagoides farinae, and 31.57% for Blomia tropicalis. The fac-tors associated with AR were male sex (PR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.08–1.57), antibiotic consumption during the first year of life (PR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.63–0.99), and exposure to dogs (PR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.06–2.66). The factors associated with CARAS were older age (PR=0.95; 95% CI: 0.95–0.99), acetaminophen consumption over four times a year (PR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.03–1.55), and antibiotic consumption during the first year of life (PR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.06–1.34).
Conclusion: A high prevalence of B. tropicalis was found in this study. The factors associated with AR and CARAS are like those described in high-income tropical countries. Further studies are needed in low- or middle-income tropical countries to identify modifiable factors associ-ated with allergic diseases.
HLA-G in asthma and its potential as an effective therapeutic agent
Authors: Li Jinyan , Hao Yuqiu , Li Wei , Lv Xuejiao , Gao Peng
Published: January 2023

Objective: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease. Severity of asthma and sensitivity to medications vary across asthma subtypes. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G has a wide range of functions in normal and pathological physiology. Due to its powerful immune function, HLA-G participates in the pathogenesis of different asthma phenotypes by regulating the activity and function of various immune cells. The mechanism of HLA-G in asthma is not fully clear, and there is no consensus on its mechanism in asthma. Further studies are needed to explore the role of HLA-G in different phenotypes of human asthma.
Methods: Observational study.
Results: HLA-G is an important immunomodulatory factor in asthma. Studies have found different levels of HLA-G in patients with different asthma subtypes and healthy controls, but other studies have come to the opposite conclusion.
Conclusion: We speculate that further study on the mechanism of HLA-G in asthma pheno-types may explain some of the contradictions in current studies. Findings should provide information regarding the potential of HLA-G as a novel target for asthma diagnosis and treatment.
Decursin alleviates LPS-induced lung epithelial cell injury by inhibiting NF-κB pathway activation
Authors: Zhu Jiangfeng , Dong Xiaoping
Published: January 2023

Objective: To reveal the possible effects of decursin on viability, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human bronchial epithelial cells-2B (BEAS-2B) and human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAEC) cells, and revealed the potential mechanisms.
Methods: LPS was used to induce acute lung injury (ALI) in normal human lung epithelial cells, including BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells. Cell viability and apoptosis in response to LPS and decursin in BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells were, respectively, evaluated by MTT colorimetric and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays. The oxidative stress and inflammatory response in LPS-treated BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells were detected by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. In addition, the role of decursin in nuclear -factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation was analyzed by immunoblot and immunofluorescence assays.
Results: Our data revealed that decursin could alleviate the viability of LPS-induced BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells. Decursin could also reduce LPS-induced oxidative stress in BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells. In addition, it could reduce LPS-induced inflammation in BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells. Mechanically, decursin suppressed the activation of NF-κB pathway.
Conclusion: Decursin suppressed NF-κB pathway, and therefore alleviated ALI.
Assessment and management of asthma exacerbations in an emergency department unit
Authors: Douros Konstantinos , Moriki Dafni , Sardeli Olympia , Boutopoulou Barbara , Papaevangelou Vasiliki , Galani Angeliki , Priftis Kostas
Published: January 2023

Background: The Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Measure (PRAM) score is a useful tool for the assessment of asthma exacerbations in children. This study aimed to estimate the risk of hospitalization in children, assessed with the PRAM score and having mild–moderate asthma exacerbation, who were treated with salbutamol delivered via a metered-dose inhaler and spacer (MDI/S).
Methods: The study population consisted of children aged 3–16 years with mild–moderate asthma exacerbations. All children received 1mg/kg prednisolone p.o. (max 40 mg) and 4–6 puffs of salbutamol via MDI/S.
Results: Fifty patients participated in the study. Admission was associated positively with the initial PRAM score (OR: 18.91, CI: 2.42–123.12, P = 0.005) and negatively with the improvement in PRAM score (OR: 0.52, CI: 0.01–0.78, P = 0.032).
Conclusion: PRAM is a reliable tool that can be used effectively to estimate the asthma exac-erbation severity.
Research progress on the role of Ndfip1 (Nedd4 family interacting protein 1) in immune cells
Authors: Tang Ying-Le , Zhu Lin , Yang Hai-Fan , Tao Yan , Lu Wen , Cheng Hong
Published: January 2023

Nedd4 family interacting protein 1 (Ndfip1) was first mentioned in an article in 2000. Since its discovery, related studies have shown that this protein is associated with apoptosis, neu-roprotection, substance transport, ubiquitination, and immune regulation. It is noteworthy that the lack of Ndfip1 can lead to death in fetal mice. Researchers generally believe that the function of Ndfip1 is closely related to individual immune capacity and have published a large number of articles. However, a comprehensive classification of the immune regulatory function of Ndfip1 is still lacking. In this review, we will overview and discuss this new per-spective, focusing on the role of Ndfip1 in the proliferation, differentiation, and cell activity of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, mast cells, and eosinophils. This review provides an updated summary of Ndfip1, which will unveil novel therapeutic targets. Finally, the conclusion is that Ndfip1 mainly plays a negative regulatory role in immune cells by maintaining the stability of the immune response and limiting its overexpression.
Chryseriol attenuates the progression of OVA-induced asthma in mice through NF-κκB/HIF-1αα and MAPK/STAT1 pathways
Authors: Shangyao Mo  , Hao Deng  , Yong Xie  , Lixia Yang  , Lili Wen
Published: January 2023

Background: Asthma is a hackneyed chronic inflammatory disease of the airway. Chryseriol (CSR) is a kind of flavonoid, and has the effect of bronchiectasis, indicating its potential application for treating respiratory diseases. However, the functions of CSR in asthma have not been reported till now.
Materials and methods: The histopathologic changes of the lung tissues were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The cell apoptosis was identified through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling assay. Total numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages were assessed under microscope. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 were detected by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. The airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) was evaluated by the whole body plethysmography. The levels of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione in lung homogenates were confirmed by using corresponding commercial kits. The protein expressions were examined by Western blot analysis.
Results: The ovalbumin (OVA) was utilized to establish asthma mouse model. At first, it was revealed that CSR treatment reduced lung injury in OVA-stimulated mice. Moreover, cell apoptosis was enhanced after OVA stimulation but was attenuated by CSR treatment. In addition, CSR treatment decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the production of inflammatory factors in OVA-treated mice. Further investigations demonstrated that CSR treatment relieved AHR in OVA-stimulated mice. The oxidative stress was strengthened in OVA-treated mice, but these effects were relieved by CSR treatment. Lastly, it was discovered that CSR treatment retarded nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) pathways in OVA-triggered asthma mice.
Conclusion: Our findings proved that CSR attenuated the progression of OVA-induced asthma in mice through inhibiting NF-κB/HIF-1α and MAPK/STAT1 pathways. This work might highlight the functions of CSR in the treatment of asthma.
Screening and identification of antioxidant active ingredients from red wine via spectrum-effect relationship analysis
Authors: Gao Yuye , Yu Xie-an , Wang Bing , Jin Yibao , Yin Guo , Wang Jue , Lu Yi , Wang Tiejie , Bi Kaishun
Published: January 2023

Red wine was a prominent constituent of diets across the globe and modern pharmacological studies showed that red wine had the main function of antioxidant. However, the reported screening methods for active ingredients were inefficient and insensitive. In this research, 35 batches of red wine were used to establish the chromatography fingerprint, which were further utilized to screen and identify the antioxidant active ingredients through spectrum-effect relationship analysis. Indeed, the antioxidant capacity of red wine was evaluated by total antioxidant capacity assay kit (ABTS method). After evaluating the antioxidant capacity of samples, correlations were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, and Gray Relational Analysis (GRA). Moreover, spectrum-effect relationships combined with ultrafast liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UFLC-Q-TOF/MS) revealed that the succinic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, syringic acid, salicylic acid, homogentisic acid, ellagic acid, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and trans- resveratrol show antioxidative efficacy. Collectively, the present study established the spectrum-effect relationship strategy of red wine and identified active antioxidant ingredients, which would give reasonable index components for the health function of red wine and provide reference for quick screening of bioactive compounds for food.
Impact of watershed habitat quality based on land use: a case study of taking Ciyao River Basin
Authors: Xiao-Mei Hui , Jin Yuan , Chao Li , Xiao-Jun Fan , Yuan Zhou
Published: January 2023

Land use pattern is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of habitats, which is taken as the research objective in this study. Based on the land use data of Ciyao river basin from 1985 to 2020, transfer matrix analysis, superposition analysis, and zoning statistics were carried out by ArcGIS. The impact of main threat sources (cultivated land, urban land, and rural residential land) on water quality was calculated using the investment model. The habitat changes and the impact of the habitat quality of the basin on the hydrological and water quality were analyzed. The findings demonstrated that the land-type conversion in Ciyao River Basin from 1985 to 2020 is mainly manifested in the conversion from cultivated land to construction land (94.49 km2), and from grassland to cultivated land (21.59 km2) and forest land (27.15 km2). The habitat quality of the Ciyao River Basin decreased gradually from North to South. The medium and high habitat quality areas are mainly concentrated in the headwater area of the river. Due to the change in land type, the habitat quality in the headwater area of the river significantly improved from 2005 to 2020, while the habitat quality in the confluence area of the Wuliang section significantly declined from 1995 to 2015. Due to the improvements of habitat quality in the source area of the river and water conservation capacity, the total amount of water resources and annual runoff depth of Ciyao River significantly increased from 2005 to 2019 without significant changes in precipitation. The water quality of the Ciyao River has improved due to development of environmental pollution control and the improvement of watershed habitat in 2016–2020.
Analysis of hydrochemical characteristics and genesis of water-deficient rivers in China: a case study of the Ciyao River Basin in Shanxi Province
Authors: Xiao-Mei Hui , Jin Yuan , Chao Li , Xiao-Jun Fan , Yuan Zhou
Published: January 2023

In order to explore the chemical water characteristics of water-scarce rivers in China, the Ciyao River basin in Shanxi Province was taken as a case study. Water samples of the mainstream and its tributaries were collected in the wet, normal, and dry seasons of 2021. The composition and spatial variation of the main ions in the water body were analyzed using the ion chromatography (IC) instrument. In addition, Pearson correlation analyses were used to evaluate relevant correlation between ion concentrations. The results showed that the overall surface water in the study area was weakly alkaline, and the content of total dissolved solids (TDS) varied greatly, ranging from 702 to 5091 mg/L, with an average of 2897 mg/L. The TDS showed a middle stream > downstream > upstream trend, and the hydrochemical type was Cl • SO4 • HCO3 – Ca • Na. The contents of most ions were significantly changed based on differences in sampling sites and seasons. Natural and human factors influence the chemical characteristics of the river. According to the Gibbs diagram and Piper diagram (Figure 3), the ionic composition of the water body in the basin is mainly affected by the joint action of rock weathering and evaporative crystallization. Carbonate rocks constitute the most significant rock weathering, followed by evaporative and silicate rocks. Wastewater from industrial enterprises, agricultural wastewater, and activities of people’s daily living also have some influence on rock weathering. Cation exchange is also important in forming chemical water components in the Ciyao River. The research results can provide technical references and a basis for regional water environment protection, water resources development and utilization, and watershed eco-hydrology research.
Dynamic modelling and singularity-free simulation of closed loop multibody system driven by electric motors
Authors: Hoang Nguyen Quang , Vuong Vu Duc , Phong Dinh Van , Lam Nguyen Tung
Published: January 2023

This paper presents the dynamic model and singularity-free simulation of electromechanical systems including closed loop multibody systems, massless gear transmission and electric motors. The dynamic model of these systems is established in matrix form and written in a Differential-Algebraic Equations form by applying the Lagrangian equation with multipliers and substructure method. Moreover, this paper deals with two difficult issues in the simulation of closed-loop multibody systems which are to overcome smoothly the singular configurations and to stabilize the constrained equations due to accumulated errors. The singularity-free simulation is solved by using null-space of Jacobian matrix to eliminate the constraint forces – Lagrangian multipliers in equations of motion. The drift in the constraint equation during simulation is restricted by a combination of Baumgarte’s stabilization and post-adjusting technique. Some numerical experiments are carried out to the planar 3RRR parallel manipulator driven by electric motors. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach in overcoming the singular configurations and in stabilization of the constraint.
Cellular cholesterol licenses Legionella pneumophila intracellular replication in macrophages
Authors: Ondari Edna , Wilkins Ashley , Latimer Brian , Dragoi Ana-Maria , Ivanov Stanimir S.
Published: January 2023

Host membranes are inherently critical for niche homeostasis of vacuolar pathogens. Thus, intracellular bacteria frequently encode the capacity to regulate host lipogenesis as well as to modulate the lipid composition of host membranes. One membrane component that is often subverted by vacuolar bacteria is cholesterol – an abundant lipid that mammalian cells produce de novo at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or acquire exogenously from serum-derived lipoprotein carriers. Legionella pneumophila is an accidental human bacterial pathogen that infects and replicates within alveolar macrophages causing a severe atypical pneumonia known as Legionnaires’ disease. From within a unique ER-derived vacuole L. pneumophila promotes host lipogenesis and experimental evidence indicates that cholesterol production might be one facet of this response. Here we investigated the link between cellular cholesterol and L. pneumophila intracellular replication and discovered that disruption of cholesterol biosynthesis or cholesterol trafficking lowered bacterial replication in infected cells. These growth defects were rescued by addition of exogenous cholesterol. Conversely, bacterial growth within cholesterol-leaden macrophages was enhanced. Importantly, the growth benefit of cholesterol was observed strictly in cellular infections and L. pneumophila growth kinetics in axenic cultures did not change in the presence of cholesterol. Microscopy analyses indicate that cholesterol regulates a step in L. pneumophila intracellular lifecycle that occurs after bacteria begin to replicate within an established intracellular niche. Collectively, we provide experimental evidence that cellular cholesterol promotes L. pneumophila replication within a membrane bound organelle in infected macrophages.
Role of Immune Cells in the Initiation and Progression of Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Soumyakrishnan Syamala , Ayariga Joseph Atia , Sreepriya Meenakshisundaram , Sudhandiran Ganapasam
Published: January 2023

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) entails complex pathophysiological processes and complicated mechanisms. It is a type of lung disease that has no known cure. The disease's chronic inflammatory response is triggered by the abnormal activation of alveolar cells that create mediators that promote the development of myofibroblast and fibroblast foci. Usually, there is an excessive level of collagens and extracellular matrix deposition that lead to the destruction of the lung's architecture. The cause and pathogenesis of IPF are relatively complicated and unknown. The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of IPF is still controversial. If only inflammation was the only crucial element to the disease events, lung fibrosis pathology would mean an influx of inflammatory cells, and the disease would act in response to immunosuppression. However, neither of these is true. Recent studies indicate that the pathophysiology of the disease is more a consequence of fibroblast dysfunction than poorly modulated inflammation. A broad range of factors has been recognized as crucial mediators in fibrosis. This article does not intend to deliver a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms in IPF but will concentrate on specific topics relating to IPF pathogenesis with relevance to immune modulation. In addition, we focus on the key mediators driving the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis irrespective of their etiology, in conjunction with an overview of how these studies can be translated into appropriate or future diagnostic/therapeutic applications.
MESOSCALE MODEL FOR SPALL IN ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED 304L STAINLESS STEEL
Authors: Silling Stewart A. , Adams David P. , Branch Brittany A.
Published: January 2023

The effect of microstructure on the high-rate tensile failure of additively manufactured (AM) 304L stainless steel is analyzed. The method uses state-based peridynamics with a new model for the time dependence of failure within grains. The model incorporates anisotropy in the elastic and plastic response of the grains. The grain shapes and lattice orientations are initialized directly from electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) images. The model results are compared to test data from plate impact experiments over a range of impact velocities. A set of parameters for a homogenized material derived from the mesoscale model is demonstrated in the CTH hydrocode.
On the issue of the management paradigm
Authors: Nazimko V. K. , Kudinova E. V.
Published: January 2023

The current paradigm of specific knowledge, its quintessence are essential for experts and researchers. The industrial development of the world economy in the first half of the 20th cen- tury and the emergence of management caused the need for establishing its paradigm as well. All the researchers of management implicitly turn to this issue. However, few of them pay due atten- tion to the management paradigm. Lack of formalized structuring of management as a knowledge prove that the management paradigm is still being formulated. That is the reason for writing this article. The article presents the justification of the topicality of establishing the management paradigm. The authors define the main cause of variety of approaches to this issue, list objective and specific factors that influence the management paradigm and its evolution. The core atten- tion of the study is paid to system-based structuring of the basic sections of management as a knowledge for its further unification as a scientific discipline. On this basis, the authors analyze the completeness of the management paradigm presented by a foreign expert Peter Drucker at the beginning of the 21st century. They justify the expediency of the management paradigm de- velopment and its adaptation to the specific features of different countries with the consideration of significant specificity of national economies and management practices. The article contains the characteristics of the basic concepts of management peculiar for the contemporary Russia. The presented authors’ viewpoint on the formulation and interpretation of the management paradigm as a scientific knowledge may become a basis for developing the national management paradigm and preparing a rubricator of textbooks on management. The necessity and significance of the work can be justified by the fact that Peter Drucker and Henry Mintzberg, two well-known researchers and authors, have opposite views on the concept of management as a knowledge.
Propiedades Psicométricas de la Escala de Bienestar Subjetivo para Niños (EBSNAM)
Authors: Mamani Flores Leyla Noemi , Apaza Calla Brighite Wendy
Published: January 2023

Evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de Bienestar Subjetivo para Niños(EBSNAM). Metodología: De tipo cuantitativa y de alcance psicométrico, puesto que proponela creación y validación de un instrumento, siendo sometido a pruebas y análisis estadísticos quedeterminarán su validez y fiabilidad. Asimismo, la investigación se caracteriza por ser de diseñono experimental, ya que no se manipuló la variable y de corte transversal, porque se recolectó lainformación aplicando el instrumento en tiempo determinado. Resultados: En el estudio piloto seobtuvieron resultados favorables debido a que se plantearon 3 dimensiones y 11 ítems para la creaciónde la escala de Bienestar Subjetivo para Niños (EBSNAM), teniendo en cuenta los factores influyentesen la confiabilidad y validez del instrumento. En el estudio confirmatorio con una población de 1016niños se obtuvieron resultados exitosos en cuanto a la confiabilidad y validez (Alpha de Cronbach0.90) de acuerdo al modelo más adecuado en 3 dimensiones, que nos permitirá validar y publicar laescala de Bienestar Subjetivo para Niños (EBSNAM). Conclusión: La escala de Bienestar Subjetivopara Niños (EBSNAM) evidencia una buena consistencia interna y validez de constructo.
Ambiguities of care in Alzheimer’s disease: To care/become a caregiver by obligation or by the charity
Authors: Luana Machado Andrade , Luma Costa Pereira Peixoto , Lucio Silva Sena , Patrícia Anjos Lima de Carvalho , Luciana Araújo dos Reis , Edite Lago da Silva Sena
Published: January 2023

Objective: To understand the meaning of the ambiguities of being a caregiver experienced by family caregivers of people with Alzheimer’s disease and health workers inserted in community Mutual Help Groups. Method: a study based on the ontology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s experience based on the notion of the body itself. It is revealed by the participation of 12 women, family caregivers, and health workers, members of community mutual aid groups, in the city of Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. The production of the experiential descriptions took place in three Focus Group meetings, during April and December 2019, whose resulting material was submitted to the Ambiguity Analysis. Results: The results reveal the ambiguities of taking care mobilized by the tradition of fulfilling social, cultural, and religious duties. Inserted in the groups, they experience openness to the other, reconfiguring “doing for doing” in “doing for pleasure” in care practices, becoming another. Conclusion: the experience of caring as an obligation, which was previously expressed by anguish, sadness, and illness, after insertion in the group, opens up to the experience of the other and makes care a manifestation of otherness, which privileges the care of the self to care from the other. The study points out the group strategy in health services as a possibility of transforming social actors in the community in the context of Alzheimer’s disease.
Emir Kusturica Filmlerinde Büyülü Gerçekçilik
Authors: DEMİR Elif Feyza , OTAN Ozan
Published: January 2023

2001’de biten Yugoslav Savaşları sonucunda Yugoslavya dağılmış ve aşama aşama bağımsız yeni ülkeler kurulmuştur. Emir Kusturica sinemasında Yugoslavya’nın tarihi, dağılması ya da siyasi durumundan ziyade gelenekler, müzik ve ritüeller karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Masalsı bir yaklaşımla ele aldığı hikâyelerde yer yer fantastik anlatıma yönelmesi onun filmlerini büyülü gerçekçilik bağlamında incelememize olanak sağlar. Temel olarak gerçekliği daha da derin vurgulamak adına ortaya çıkan büyülü gerçekçilik, zamanla edebi eserlerde ve sinemada gerçeklikten kopmak ya da gerçeklikten kaçış olarak kullanılmaya başlanmış ve temel anlamından uzaklaşmıştır. Kusturica’nın çoğu filminde büyülü gerçekçiliği kullanmasının sebebi, gerçeklikten kaçış imkânı sağlaması olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir. Özellikle de Yugoslav Savaşları döneminde çektiği üç filmden ikisi olan; Arizona Rüyası (Arizona Dream, 1993) ve Kara Kedi Ak Kedi (Black Cat White Cat, 1998) filmleri savaş döneminde çekilmesine rağmen, savaş temasından uzak kalmış ve büyülü gerçekçiliğe hem biçimsel hem de içerik olarak oldukça yaklaşmıştır. Yeraltı (Underground, 1995) filmi ise temel olarak savaş temasına yaslanmış olmasına rağmen Yugoslav Savaşları’ndan uzak durarak İkinci Dünya Savaşı’na odaklanır. Bu çalışmada, Kusturica’nın Yugoslav Savaşları döneminde çektiği üç film, Frederic Jameson’un “büyülü gerçekçilik” kavramı ve kavramın kodları üzerinden incelenecektir.
Argument Structure and Word Order in Saudi Sign Language
Authors: Altamimi Haya S. , Alsager Haroon N.
Published: January 2023

This study focuses on the description of argument structure and word order in Saudi Sign language (SSL). The nature of the syntactic level of the grammar of SSL is clarified. Since word order is often considered the most important part of grammar, this study details the various options that are available for the major constituents (Subject, Verb, and Object) in SSL independent of any connection to spoken Arabic syntax. In SSL, like in other languages, the nature of the arguments (Subject, Object) and the kind of verb can impact the word order. To investigate word order in SSL, which is based on Chomsky’s (1995) Minimalist Program (MP), data were collected through derivation of data from narratives (semi-naturalistic-corpus) and an experiment (picture-description task). This research involved a sample of 10 deaf signing participants who are all fluent in SSL. All the participants have lived in Saudi Arabia for at least 10 years. Results indicate that the SSL is as any natural language and from the spoken language in Saudi Arabia. The most common word order in declaratives and the basic constituent order in SSL is SVO. As in virtually all sign languages, Wh-elements in SSL occur at the end of the clause. According to research on the interaction between word order and grammatical use of facial expressions and head locations (nonmanual marking), nonmanual markings have pragmatic purposes and may have syntactic functions.
Debriefing in Online Primary ESL Classrooms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study
Authors: Rif Shanty Carmelie , Tan Kim Hua , Khairuddin Khairul Farhah
Published: January 2023

The meaningfulness of the current educational landscape, where online learning is heavily practised, is often questioned. Experiential learning focuses on the learning process that learners undergo. It is believed to help them to make sense of the learning process through active participation and meaningful reflective practice. Debriefing is an experiential learning strategy that requires learners to reflect on their learning experiences and connect them to real-life situations. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated the use of debriefing in the English language teaching and learning context. To this end, this case study aimed to explore the effects of debriefing in online ESL classrooms and the challenges of online debriefing. The case study was conducted in Bintulu, a town in the Malaysian state of Sarawak, and involved two teachers who were actively conducting online ESL lessons during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews and observations of recorded online ESL lessons with a focus on the debriefing sessions. The findings indicated that debriefing has positive effects on active English language learners as it helps to improve their critical thinking ability as well as their oral and written language proficiency. The challenges of debriefing in online ESL classrooms include learners being hesitant to talk during lessons, teachers facing difficulties in using appropriate debriefing questions, as well as various technical problems.
How Is a Foreign Language Pronounced? A Case Study of Indonesian as a Foreign Language Among Speakers of Other Languages
Authors: Widodo Mulyanto , Putrawan Gede Eka , Perdana Ryzal
Published: January 2023

Numerous studies have been conducted to ascertain the relationship between the first language (L1) and the second/foreign language (L2).  However, it is unclear how vowels and consonants affect how a foreign language speaker pronounces Indonesian. Thus, the objective of this study was to ascertain the vowels and consonants of the Indonesian language that were incorrectly and correctly pronounced by Lao men and Japanese women. This study is descriptive qualitative in nature. Following data collection via audio recording, the collected data were analysed using a contrastive analysis. The study's findings indicate that certain speech sounds are both mispronounced and well-pronounced. The speech sounds /i/, /u/, /e/, /ə/, /a/, /p/, /b/, /m/, /d/, /n/, /r/, /l/, /t/, /h/, and /k/ were mispronounced by the Japanese participants; however, the speech sounds /i/, /u/, /ə/, /a/, /ʤ/, /n/, /t/, /g/, /p/, /k/, /r/, and /h/ were not pronounced correctly by the Lao participants.
Teachers' Perspectives of the Sudden Shift Towards Online Learning: Challenges and Future Lessons
Authors: Jubran Sereen Mousa , Fayez Muna Qteifan Al , Abueita Jawhara Darwish
Published: January 2023

Traditionally, teaching math using English as a foreign language creates many challenges because learners may not have yet acquired the skills they need to understand the lesson. The study aimed to identify the challenges faced by teachers of math in English when course instruction shifted to online because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, the study presents three essential lessons from this experience from the teachers' perspectives. During the COVID-19 outbreak, all schools abruptly switched to Online Education. Most participants in the study had never done online teaching before the pandemic and were unfamiliar with using technology. The researchers used a mixed methods approach, incorporating the following two ways of gathering data: a questionnaire and face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: (1) English language challenges and (2) access to technology. The questionnaire was administered to a sample of 50 female teachers, followed by structured interviews. The interview consisted of one question about the most important lessons learned, and the data were analysed using SPSS Statistics. The findings indicated that the English language and a lack of technology constituted obstacles for teachers. According to the participants, they identified three future lessons. The researchers provide recommendations to teachers, students, and governments.
Google Classroom as an Online Learning Media for Indonesian Language Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nuryatin Agus , Rokhmansyah Alfian , Hawa Anni Malihatul , Rahmayanti Indah , Nugroho Bayu Aji
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic forced schools to change their offline learning model to online. Teachers can use many platforms for online learning, such as Google Classroom. This study aims to reveal the use of google classroom in online learning of Indonesian subjects at schools during the pandemic. A literature study is used in this research. Data is collected from various sources, such as journal articles, proceedings, books, and online news. The results of the analysis show that in learning Indonesian during a pandemic, Google Classroom is used by teachers as an online learning medium because it is easy for students to access. Using Google Classroom effectively increases student understanding and can increase student activity in learning.
Serial Verb Constructions in Saudi Arabic
Authors: Alotaibi Mansour Q.
Published: January 2023

Serial Verb Constructions have obvious implications for both descriptive and theoretical linguists (e.g., Newmayer, 2004; Aikhenvald & Dixon 2006; Haspelmath 2016). One fundamental question is whether the criteria of Serial Verb Constructions are universal (Déchaine 1993; Newmayer 2004; Muysken & Veenstra 2006) or language-specific (Stewart 2001). This paper aims to investigate this debate by examining data from Saudi Arabic (Semitic language family), which has not been examined or compared as a serializing code with other constructions in other languages. Based on the most noticeable features of Serial Verb Constructions such as descriptive facts, syntactic and semantic features, the present study concluded that Verb + Verb combinations in Saudi Arabic could satisfy the relevant criteria of Serial Verb Constructions.
The Portrayal of Homeland Reminiscences in Sunetra Gupta’s Memories of Rain and A Sin of Colour
Authors: S Rajkumar , M Vijayakumar
Published: January 2023

Diaspora is a crucial part of colonialism since it typically consists of millions of individuals who left their homelands in search of better opportunities overseas, frequently to industrialized nations. Majority of the novels written by diasporic writers explore the themes of upheaval, alienation, loneliness, and self-discovery. Leaving homeland is a distressing phenomenon whether it is voluntary or forcible. Authors of diasporic ancestry effectively express the emotional and physical suffering endured by their protagonists upon relocation to a new locale. Diaspora individuals are emotionally and physically split from their natives and the rest of the world, despite being crowned, projected, known and loved in their new society. Sunetra Gupta, an eminent member of the Indian diaspora, examines the experience of immigrants in the United States by employing her characters. In the select novels of Sunetra Gupta, people find serenity by staying in their own country. They are delighted and content since their prior experiences have left positive and lasting impressions in their minds. This paper attempts to explain and analyze the problems that Moni, Nikarika and Debendranath face in Memories of Rain and A Sin of Colour.
The Willingness to Communicate in English Among Domestic Students in an International Online Class
Authors: Chojimah Nurul , Widodo Estu
Published: January 2023

This mixed-method study explored the domestic students' willingness to communicate (WTC) in L2 (English) in an international class. In particular, it investigated the frequency of using English in social interaction with overseas students and online learning activities. In addition, it explored factors contributing to the use of English. In the quantitative stage, 25 students responded to the questionnaire on their frequency in the use of English in social interaction settings and Zoom-room settings. Quantitative data analysis revealed that most domestic students' English use frequency was shallow to moderate. However, the frequency of a few students ranged from moderate to very high. In the qualitative stage, nine students participated in a semi-structured interview concerning the factors contributing to the frequency of the use of English. The frequency in the use of English and the factors contributing to the frequency are provided in this paper.
The Representation of Animalism Issue in Sewell’s Black Beauty
Authors: Yudith Madeline , Arafah Burhanuddin , Sunyoto Franco Gabriel , Fitriani  , Rostan Rafidah Binti , Nurdin Fadilah Ekayanti
Published: January 2023

Animalism is a figurative representation of animal images in artistic works. This study examines the animal and human characters' function in Sewell's Black Beauty in portraying animal cruelty and its background effect. Data were collected from the novel Black Beauty and Anna Sewell's biographies and descriptively analyzed. After the analysis, some animal characters in Black Beauty function as the animal victim. The rest were portrayed as gay and mercy animals well-treated by its owner. On the other hand, some human characters functioned as offenders. The rest portrayed kind-hearted fellows fond of animals, stand against abusive acts, and advised others to desist from hurting animals. The result showed that five factors affected Sewell's life background, namely ankle illness, Phillip Sewell, Late Industrial Revolution, Victorian Era, and Crimean War.