bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long Term Pulmonary Complications After COVID 19 A Study of Post Viral lung Fibrosis and Respiratory Dysfunction
Authors: Haque Md Azizul
Published: January 2025

Background: Long-term pulmonary complications from COVID-19, including post-viral fibrosis and respiratory dysfunction, present significant public health challenges. Limited data exist on the prevalence and outcomes of these conditions. Objective: To investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of post-viral pulmonary fibrosis and respiratory dysfunction in COVID-19 survivors using a multidisciplinary approach. Method: A multicenter, longitudinal cohort study was conducted at a tertiary-level hospital in Rajshahi, Bangladesh, between June 2022 and July 2024. A total of 104 patients were enrolled. Data collection included clinical assessments, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and patient-reported outcome measures. Statistical analyses were performed to identify predictors and quantify outcomes. Results: Among the 104 patients, 62% exhibited HRCT abnormalities, including ground-glass opacities and reticulation. Persistent dyspnea was reported by 48% of patients, while 38% experienced reduced exercise tolerance. Pulmonary function tests showed a mean reduction in DLCO by 25%, and 42% of patients demonstrated restrictive ventilatory defects. Fibrotic changes persisted in 31% of cases at the 18-month follow-up. Advanced age (>60 years) and ICU admission were significant risk factors, with a relative risk of 3.2 (95% CI: 2.1–4.7). Patients requiring mechanical ventilation had a higher likelihood of developing fibrosis. Rehabilitation programs improved functional outcomes in 68% of participants, reducing dyspnea scores by 40% and improving exercise capacity by 25% on average. Conclusions: Post-viral fibrosis and respiratory dysfunction are prevalent among COVID-19 survivors, significantly impacting quality of life and healthcare utilization. Early identification and targeted interventions are essential to mitigating these complications and improving patient outcomes.
El empleo de probióticos en la alimentación porcina desde una revisión de la literatura más reciente
Authors: Guamán-Rivera Santiago Alexander
Published: January 2025

The study reviews recent literature on the use of probiotics in swine feed, highlighting their role as a sustainable alternative to growth-promoting antibiotics, whose use has been restricted due to concerns about antimicrobial resistance. Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms that provide health benefits to the host, improve intestinal microbial balance, reduce post-weaning diarrhea and strengthen immunity. Methodologically, the article is based on an exhaustive review of publications in scientific databases such as Scopus and Web of Science, prioritizing studies on their impact on intestinal health, productive performance and meat quality. The results highlight that probiotics increase feed efficiency, improve meat quality and decrease dependence on antibiotics. However, their effectiveness depends on factors such as the strain used, the dose administered and the conditions of the production system. In conclusion, probiotics represent a promising tool for a more sustainable and profitable pig production, although more research is required to optimize their application and address current challenges.
Compare the Effects of Infiltration of Bupivacaine in Liver Bed with Preperitoneal Nerve Block in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Haider Sohaib , Aziz Rizwan , Aziz Munazzah , Akbar Waleed , Rehman Atiq-ur- , Muzammil Manal
Published: January 2025

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now considered the preferred treatment for symptomatic gallstone diseases, establishing itself as the gold standard method. Nevertheless, pain remains the sole grievance responsible for delaying discharge.
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of bupivacaine infiltration into the liver bed and peritoneal cavity in reducing pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Material and Methods: This prospective comparative study was done at the Department of General Surgery of Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital, Islamabad. The study included 100 patients who were admitted for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy between June and November 2023.Patients were consecutively assigned to received either bupivacaine preperitoneal nerve block. After gallbladder was removed, 20 ml bupivacaine 0.5% was administered in liver bed. For preperitoneal nerve block bupivacaine 0.5% was infiltrated into port sites to block the preperitoneal nerves. Postoperative pain assessment was conducted at 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours utilizing the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
Results: The mean patients ages were43.88±7.8 years. Postoperative mean VAS at 1, 6 and 12 hours were decreased in Bupivacaine compare to preperitoneal nerve block (p ≤ 0.05). Postoperatively no difference was observed in VAS at 24 hours between the patients (p ≥ 0.05). The total doses mean of SAID utilized in first 24 hours postoperatively were lower in Bupivacaine patients than in preperitoneal nerve block patients (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: The infiltration of bupivacaine in the liver bed following laparoscopic cholecystectomy effectively reduces pain as compare to preperitoneal nerve block. This straightforward, cost-effective technique should be adopted to diminish early postoperative pain in all elective cases.
יחסי אימהות-בנות וטרנספורמציה תרבותית: קריאה רב־ממדית בטקסט האיריגאריאני
Authors: מנחם טל
Published: January 2025

לוס איריגארי – פילוסופית, פסיכואנליטיקאית ואחת ההוגות הבולטות של התיאוריה הפמיניסטית הצרפתית – פועלת, מלמדת וכותבת גם כיום, בשנות התשעים לחייה, ממקום מושבה בפריז. כתיבתה הענפה, המשתרעת על פני חמישה עשורים, היא פרויקט הגותי ביקורתי נוקב היוצא נגד מסורת המחשבה והתרבות המערבית. ועם זאת, הגותה איננה רק מהלך של שלילה: יש בה ניסיון נחוש לכונן מחשבה מחודשת על הסובייקט האנושי ועל יחסו לזולת ולעולם.

הקדמה זו מציעה לקוראות ולקוראים בעברית פתח להגות הפורה של לוס איריגארי בפיתוחיה האחרונים, לכבוד התרגום לעברית של המסה "והאחת אינה משה ללא האחרת". המסה, שפורסמה לראשונה בשנת 1978 ומהווה עד היום טקסט מכונן המתקיים באופן עצמאי בקורפוס הכתיבה האיריגאריאנית, היא טקסט פואטי המציע תיאור ארכיטיפי של האופן שבו מתקיים ומתאפשר הקשר בין אימהות לבנות במסגרת התרבות הפטריארכלית. ההקדמה מציבה את המסה של איריגארי בתוך ההקשר של הפרויקט ההגותי הרחב שלה, ומבארת בקווים כלליים את הביקורת התרבותית של איריגארי ואת האפיקים אל טרנספורמציה תרבותית כוללת באמצעות העיסוק במאפייניו הייחודיים של הקשר בין אם לבת.
והאחת אינה נעה עד שהיא אחרת
Authors: משעלי יעל
Published: January 2025

מסה זו מגיבה למסתה של לוס איריגארי "והאחת אינה משה ללא האחרת". במסגרת זו, הטענות שמציגה איריגארי ביחס לקשר שבין הבת לאם וביחס לתפקידים שקשר זה ממלא בחִברות של נשים נבחנות באמצעות נרטיב אוטו-אתנוגרפי הממוקם בהקשר עכשווי וישראלי. המסה מראה כי ההסללה של האם את הבת לתפקיד נשי, הטרונורמטיבי ואימהי, כזה הדורש ריקון עצמי ואיון, עלולה להשתבש בהקשרים שוליים, אתניים ומעמדיים המקשים על הבת לייחס את התפקיד הנלמד לגורל מגדרי. במקרים אלו, במקום להחליף את דמות האם בדמות גברית של אב או בעל, עשויה הבת להמירה בדמות נשית ממעמד אחר, וכך, שלא במתכוון, להותיר פוטנציאל להתפתחות של אחווה נשית ואף של תודעה עצמית שתאפשר בחינה מחדש של התפקיד המיני שהיא אמורה לשעתק.
FACTORS AFFECTING IDENTIFICATION OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODES IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS USING METHYLENE BLUE DYE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Faizan , Parvez Usra , Haroon Warda , Shirazi `Bushra , Khan Muhammad Arsalan
Published: January 2025

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is an integral procedure for staging axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer patients, traditionally performed using a combination of radioactive tracers and blue dye. However, in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the exclusive use of methylene blue (MB) dye is more common due to limited resources. This study aimed to evaluate the factors contributing to failure in identifying an adequate number of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) during SLNB with MB dye in breast cancer patients.
Objective: To identify patient, tumor, and procedural factors associated with inadequate SLN identification (<3 nodes) using MB dye exclusively in SLNB for breast cancer patients.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from 2022 to 2024 at the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi. A total of 108 breast cancer patients undergoing SLNB were included and divided into cases (<3 SLNs identified) and controls (≥3 SLNs identified). Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and procedural details were collected. Statistical analyses, including univariate and multivariate models, were performed using SPSS version 22.0. Key variables such as tumor size, breast cup size, tumor location, massage duration, and histopathological findings were analyzed.
Results: Among 108 patients, 57 (52.8%) were cases and 51 (47.2%) were controls. Larger breast size (cup size ≥C, p=0.005), retro-areolar tumor extension (p=0.01), and right-sided tumors (p=0.001) were significantly associated with SLN identification failure. Shorter massage duration (8.6 vs. 9.49 minutes, p=0.008) and H2N-negative status (p=0.032) were also linked to poor outcomes. Histopathological factors such as tumor grade and hormone receptor status were not significantly associated. Patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed a non-significant trend toward reduced SLN identification (p=0.153).
Conclusion: This study highlights critical patient, tumor, and procedural factors influencing SLN identification with MB dye. These findings underline the need for tailored surgical techniques and alternative mapping strategies to optimize SLNB in resource-constrained settings.
COMPARISION BETWEEN EARLY AND DELAYED CHOLECYSTECTOMY IN ACUTE BILIARY PANCREATITIS
Authors: Wazir Amna , Samiullah  , Taimur Muhammad , Saadia Wazir
Published: January 2025

Background: Acute biliary pancreatitis is a common surgical emergency requiring inpatient conservative management. Cholecystectomy is critical in preventing recurrent episodes and minimizing additional biliary complications. However, the optimal timing for cholecystectomy remains a matter of ongoing debate. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been suggested to improve outcomes, but further evidence is required to validate its benefits compared to delayed surgery in patients with mild to moderate acute biliary pancreatitis.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the outcomes of early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute biliary pancreatitis in a tertiary care hospital setting.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the General Surgery Department of Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, from July 2024 to December 2024. A total of 100 patients, aged 20–60 years, with mild to moderate acute biliary pancreatitis (ASA grades I or II), were enrolled and randomized into two groups. Group A (early cholecystectomy) underwent surgery within 7 days of symptom onset, whereas Group B (delayed cholecystectomy) underwent surgery between 8 days and 6 weeks after symptom onset. Cholecystectomy was performed following a standardized laparoscopic technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17, with Chi-square tests applied to compare outcomes such as intraoperative bleeding, postoperative fever, severe abdominal pain, and atelectasis. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of patients in the early cholecystectomy group was 43.94 ± 11.26 years, while it was 46.38 ± 9.23 years in the delayed group. Females predominated in both groups (72% in early and 70% in delayed groups). Intraoperative bleeding occurred in 20% of early cholecystectomy patients compared to 34% in the delayed group (p=0.115). Postoperative severe abdominal pain was significantly lower in the early group (18% vs. 36%; p=0.043), as was postoperative fever (22% vs. 48%; p=0.006). Atelectasis occurred in 12% of early group patients and 22% of delayed group patients, with a statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.183).
Conclusion: Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy significantly reduces postoperative complications such as severe abdominal pain and fever in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis. The findings particularly highlight the benefits for patients with elevated BMI and advanced age, advocating for individualized treatment strategies. Future studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are recommended to confirm these results and optimize management protocols.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ULTRASOUND FOR RENAL TUMORS IN ADULTS TAKING CONTRAST ENHANCED COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AS GOLD STANDARD
Authors: Maqbool Rimsha , Bibi Tasra , Ijaz Umar , Khalid Amara , Maqbool Bisma
Published: January 2025

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for the majority of renal malignancies in adults, with an increasing global incidence attributed to advances in diagnostic imaging and the growing prevalence of risk factors. Early and accurate detection of RCC is crucial for effective treatment and improved prognosis. Ultrasonography is widely used as a first-line diagnostic tool for renal tumors due to its accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and safety. However, its accuracy compared to computed tomography (CT), the gold standard for RCC diagnosis, remains an area of interest.
Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in detecting renal tumors in adults, using contrast-enhanced computed tomography as the gold standard.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 188 participants recruited from the Urology, Nephrology, and Radiology departments of Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Patients with space-occupying lesions detected on grey-scale ultrasound were included, while those with impaired renal function or iodine contrast allergies were excluded. Ultrasound examinations were performed using an Ecostemylab 7 Doppler machine, and CT imaging was conducted with the Siemens CT Somatom Sensation 64 scanner. Patient demographic data, clinical history, and imaging findings were recorded. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and overall diagnostic accuracy were calculated using CT as the gold standard.
Results: The mean age of participants was 49.95 ± 10.08 years, with 91.9% males and 8.1% females. Tumor sizes on ultrasound were >4 cm in 3%, >5 cm in 42.4%, and >6 cm in 54.5%, while CT showed >4 cm in 24.24%, >5 cm in 52.2%, and >6 cm in 23.23%. Ultrasound identified 26.3% benign and 73.7% malignant lesions, while CT identified 20.2% benign and 79.8% malignant lesions. Ultrasonography demonstrated a sensitivity of 87.34%, specificity of 80%, PPV of 94.52%, NPV of 61.54%, and overall diagnostic accuracy of 85.86%.
Conclusion: Ultrasonography is a reliable first-line diagnostic tool for renal tumors, demonstrating high diagnostic accuracy. While it is cost-effective and safe, its limitations in specific subgroups necessitate confirmation with CT for comprehensive evaluation.
UNSAFE SIPS: PREVALENCE OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIAL DIVERSITY IN DRINKING WATER OF KHAIRPUR CITY PAKISTAN
Authors: Gambhir Mohsin Raza , Sham Lal  , Sadam Hussain Shaikh  , Syed Ahmed Saeed Zaidi  , Khuhro Farhaz Ahmed , Kanhar Asif Raza , Phul Tabish Akbar , Khuhro Rooma , Rasheeda Rustam  , Ali Majid
Published: January 2025

Background: Access to clean drinking water is vital for public health, yet contaminated water remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Pakistan, approximately 30% of diseases and 40% of deaths are waterborne, disproportionately affecting children in vulnerable environments such as schools. Poor water quality poses a significant risk to children's health, necessitating studies to assess microbial contamination and antimicrobial resistance in drinking water.
Objective: To evaluate the microbial quality of drinking water in government primary schools in Khairpur, Pakistan, by identifying bacterial diversity, prevalence of pathogenic bacteria, and antimicrobial resistance patterns.
Methods: A total of 42 water samples were collected from primary schools across six union councils in Khairpur. Total viable counts (TVC) were determined using serial dilution methods, and coliforms were detected using the membrane filtration method in accordance with WHO protocols. Bacterial isolates were identified and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the MicroScan WalkAway 96 plus system. Sensitivity profiling was performed to determine resistance patterns, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production.
Results: Microbial contamination exceeded acceptable limits in all samples, with TVC ranging from 9,900 to 23,300 CFU/mL. Coliforms were detected in 57% of samples, and Escherichia coli was the most prevalent pathogen, constituting 47% of identified isolates. Among the 28 coliform isolates, 21.4% were identified as MDR, and 10% were ESBL producers. Antibiotics such as tigecycline, meropenem, and imipenem demonstrated the highest efficacy, whereas ampicillin and amoxicillin were the least effective.
Conclusion: This study highlights the poor microbial quality of drinking water in Khairpur's primary schools, posing significant health risks to children. Immediate measures, including improved water treatment and regular monitoring, are crucial to mitigating the burden of waterborne diseases.
COMPARISON BETWEEN TRANSABDOMINAL AND TRANSVAGINAL SONOGRAPHY IN DETECTION OF RETAINED PRODUCTS OF CONCEPTION
Authors: Javaid Aamna , Nafees Muhammad , Qureshi Faryal , Tirmizi Syeda Maryam , Mamoon Khashia
Published: January 2025

Background: Retained products of conception (RPOC) refer to placental or fetal tissue remaining in the uterus after delivery or miscarriage, potentially leading to complications such as abnormal bleeding, infection, and infertility. The incidence of RPOC varies, occurring in 17% of cases after the first trimester, 40% after the second trimester, and 3–5% following normal delivery. Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial, with ultrasonography serving as a primary diagnostic tool.
Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of transabdominal sonography (TAS) and transvaginal sonography (TVS) in detecting retained products of conception, using histopathology as the gold standard.
Methods: This cross-sectional validation study was conducted from May 1, 2022, to November 1, 2022, at the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, PAF Hospital, Islamabad. A total of 345 women aged 18–40 years with clinical suspicion of RPOC were included. TVS was performed using an endocavity transducer, with RPOC defined as echogenic or heterogeneous material in the endometrial cavity with a thickness >10 mm. TAS was conducted using a convex probe with a diagnostic criterion of an irregular mass measuring ≥10 mm within the endometrial cavity. All findings were compared against histopathological results as the reference standard. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.
Results: The mean age of participants was 29.61 ± 2.40 years, with a mean gestational age of 15.96 ± 1.68 weeks, mean parity of 1.93 ± 1.34, and mean abortion duration of 17.09 ± 5.77 days. TVS exhibited a sensitivity of 89%, specificity of 74.5%, diagnostic accuracy of 87%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 95.2%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 54.3%. TAS demonstrated a sensitivity of 88.4%, specificity of 54.9%, diagnostic accuracy of 83%, PPV of 91.87%, and NPV of 45%.
Conclusion: Transvaginal sonography demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity compared to transabdominal sonography, confirming its utility as the preferred imaging modality for diagnosing retained products of conception.
PERANAN KONSELING DAN PELAYANAN PASTORAL BAGI PEMULIHAN LUKA BATIN ANAK AKIBAT KEKERASAN DALAM KELUARGA DI GEREJA HKBP JATIWARINGIN JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Halawa Operahmat
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya fenomena kekerasan anak yang terjadi dalam keluarga pastinya menimbulkan trauma atau luka batin, baik secara fisik, emosional, psikologi maupun kepribadian sosialnya. Luka batin ini akan semakin rumit karena kemungkinan akan berdampak lama atau sampai anak menjadi dewasa. Hal ini jika tidak segera dipulihkan dapat memicu perilaku agresif yang seringkali tidak terkontrol, menjadi budaya dalam hidupnya, dan diturunkan kepada generasi berikutnya. Karena itu, untuk menolong dan memulihkannya, diperlukan konseling dan pelayanan pastoral.  Adapun yang menjadi metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis dalam tesis ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah para Hamba Tuhan, Majelis Gereja, Evangelist, Guru Sekolah Minggu, Pendamping Anak dan Jemaat yang melayani di HKBP Jatiwaringin. Penggumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menemukan bahwa konseling dan pelayanan pastoral sangat berperan dalam pemulihan luka batin anak
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH DAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN SISWA SMA DI KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Dewanto Yogi
Published: January 2025

Penulisan ini mengemukakan rumusan masalah seberapa besar pengaruh model pembelajaran jarak jauh terhadap minat belajar PAK siswa, seberapa besar pengaruh penggunaan media pembelajaran online terhadap minat belajar PAK Siswa, seberapa   besar pengaruh model pembelajaran jarak jauh dan juga penggunaan media pembelajaran online secara bersama-sama terhadap minat belajar PAK Siswa. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan metode kuantitatif yang bersifat korelasional antar variabel dengan menggunakan Analisa statistik untuk mengetahui atau mengukur ada tidaknya pengaruh antara dua variable independen: Model Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (X1), Media Pembelajaran Online (X2) dan satu variable dependent: Minat Belajar PAK Siswa (Y). Penelitian mengambil sebanyak 150 sampel sebagai data primer. Responden adalah siswa SMA Negeri kota Bogor meliputi enam kecamatan.Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan: Model Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (X1) memiliki tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Hasil t hitung yang diperoleh adalah 5,892 > 1,9768 dari t table, sehingga H01 ditolak dan Ha1 diterima. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa X1 berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Y.
Kepribadian Guru Sekolah Minggu Dalam Membangun Karakter Kristen Anak Sekolah Minggu Di GBI Victorious Family Kelapa Gading Jakarta Utara
Authors: Sutantri Agus , Pimen Nazara Bife
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini menjelaskan latar belakang masalah yang ada dalam diri anak sekolah minggu kurang sopan dalam berbicara terhadap guru dan temannya, sikap anak sekolah minggu kurang mau ditegur, anak sekolah minggu suka mencari masalah dengan temannya, sebagian anak sekolah minggu kurang memiliki keberanian tampil bersaksi di depan teman-temannya, kurang ada rasa tanggung jawab dalam diri anak sekolah minggu, sebagian anak sekolah minggu main gadget saat ibadah berlangsung di GBI Victorious Family Kelapa Gading Jakarta Utara. Sebagai seorang guru sekolah minggu perlu memiliki hati dalam pelayanan, menerapkan setiap yang diajarkan kepada anak-anak dan menjadi teladan yang baik yang bisa dicontoh oleh anak sekolah minggu. Metode yang digunakan adalah motode kualitatif. Penulis melakukan penelitian di sekolah minggu GBI Victorious Family Kelapa Gading Jakarta Utara dengan melakukan wawancara, jawaban dari hasil wawancara tersebut merupakan hasil penelitian. Kepribadian guru sekolah minggu dapat membangun karakter kristen anak sekolah minggu. Namun penulis menemukan bahwa kepribadian guru sekolah minggu masih kurang membangun karakter kristen anak sekolah minggu.
Pengaruh Motivasi Mengikuti Komunitas Rohani Terhadap Human Capital Skills Dengan Social Capital Sebagai Mediator Di Jemaat GKKD Jakarta
Authors: Budianto Johanes MJ , Ririmasse Efrain
Published: January 2025

Dalam membangun kehidupan rohani yang terus bertumbuh dan berbuah, jemaat perlu tertanam dalam suatu komunitas rohani yang dapat mendukungnya terlibat aktif. Untuk membuatnya terjadi, jemaat perlu memaksimalkan kemampuan diri sesuai modal keterampilan hidup yang dimilikinya atau dikenal dengan human capital skills. Maka dari itu, melalui penelitian ini peneliti ingin mengetahui pengaruh motivasi mengikuti komunitas rohani dan social capital terhadap human capital skils. Responden penelitian adalah jemaat di komunitas rohani yang sudah lahir baru, berusia 17-55 tahun, mengikuti pemuridan, berkomitmen Gereja Lokal di GKKD Jakarta Utara selama kurang lebih 1 tahun dan sudah mulai terlibat aktif minimal dalam 1 bidang pelayanan. Jumlahnya adalah 140 orang dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner, analisa data menggunakan regresi berganda dengan program SPSS. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh motivasi mengikuti komunitas rohani terhadap human capital skills dengan social capital sebagai mediator.
Peranan Guru Sekolah Minggu Terhadap Perkembangan Rohani Anak Sekolah Minggu Di Gereja HKBP Cijantung
Authors: Marulitua Daulat , Eltiani
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penelitian yaitu Guru Sekolah Minggu memiliki peranan sebagai pembimbing dan menuntun dalam pertumbuhan rohani anak, dengan melakukan kreativitas dalam meningkatkan kerohanian anak, mengajar pengenalan akan Yesus Kristus terhadap anak sekolah minggu, memimpin anak kepada Kristus. Sebagai seorang pembina rohani anak maka, guru juga memiliki keteladanan rohani yakni guru memiliki hubungan dengan Tuhan, serta guru lahir baru. Hipotesis penelitian, jika Guru Sekoah Minggu mengajar dan membina anak, maka rohani Anak Sekolah Minggu di HKBP Cijantung bisa bertumbuh dengan baik dan benar. Hasil penelitian, dengan jawaban responden semuanya dapat di simpulkan bahwa guru belum maksimal melakukan perananya sebagai Guru Sekolah Minggu sehingga anak belum bertumbuh secara baik dan benar, dengan hal ini hendaklah seorang guru melayani lebih baik lagi dengan berbagai cara supaya anak dapat bertumbuh di dalam Tuhan. Kesimpulan, Guru Sekolah Minggu ialah “panggilan Tuhan yang begitu tinggi dan kudus bahkan kedudukannya setara dengan para Rasul, para nabi, para penginjil, dan para pendeta, yang telah dipersiapkan dan di perlengkapi Allah untuk melakukan pekerjaan-Nya yaitu secara khusus dalam pembinaan anak”. Saran sebagai guru hendaklah menyadari bahwa tugas dan tanggung jawab membina rohani anak adalah suatu panggilan dan juga meresponnya dengan baik.
KAJIAN TEOLOGIS DAN PSIKOLOGIS PASTORAL MENGENAI LGBT
Authors: Pada Ellyazer
Published: January 2025

Pada era globalisasi saat ini, ada banyak fenomena yang dapat ditemukan daam kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satunya adalah fenomena tentang LGBT. Belakangan ini, isu tentang lesbian, gay, biseksual, transgender (LGBT) mengemuka di berbagai negara termasuk di Indonesia. Kelompok lesbian, gay dan biseksual adalah masalah identitas seks (sexual identities), transgender adalah masalah identitas gender (gender identity). Penulis menggunakan metode kuantitatif yaitu strategi penelitian dengan menekankan pada usaha memanfaatkan dan mengumpulkan informasi mengenai suatu fenomena secara statistik. Disebut metode kuantitatif karena data penelitian tersebut berupa angka-angka dan analisis menggunakan statistik. Pengajaran tentang LGBT di GSKI Jemaat Mall Artha Gading, yakni: pertama, menyiapkan khotbah-khotbah mengenai sikap teologi pastoral terhadap pengaruh LGBT. Kedua, mengadakan telaah Alkitab tentang topik yang berkaitan dengan teologi pastoral. Ketiga, membangun Kelompok Tumbuh Bersama. Keempat, mengadakan program pembinaan psikologi Kristen bagi orangtua dan pemuda.
TINJAUAN TEOLOGIS MENGENAI GEREJA YANG BERTEKUN, BERSEKUTU DAN SEHAT BERDASARKAN KITAB KISAH PARARASUL 2:41-47 SERTA IMPLEMENTASINYA BAGI PERTUMBUHUHAN JEMAAT DI GEREJA KRISTUS BANGSA-BANGSA GROGOL PERMAI JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Jusen
Published: January 2025

Gereja masa kini sulit untuk menerapakan cara hidup jemaat yang sesuai dengan Firman Tuhan. Hal ini mungkin karena jemaat kurang memahami Firman Tuhan dengan baik dan benar. Itulah sebabnya gereja masa kini tidak mengalami pertumbuhan, bahkan sebaliknya gereja mengalami kemunduran. Oleh karena itu, penulis merasa diperlukan sebuah pemikiran ulang untuk mendefinisikan arti serta tujuan gereja dalam format Alkitab. Hal ini menyangkut bagaimana seharusnya gereja mempraktekkan kembali cara hidup yang dimiliki oleh jemaat mula-mula. Metode dalam penelitian ini metode kualitatif karena tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk Mendeskripsikan Tinjauan Teologis Mengenai Gereja yang Bertekun, Bertumbuh dan Sehat menurut Kitab Kisah Para Rasul Pasal 2: 41-47 Serta Implementasinya terhadap Pertumbuhan di Gereja Kristus Bangsa-Bangsa Grogol Permai Jakarta Barat. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa Gereja Kristus Bangsa-Bangsa Grogol Permai Jakarta Barat sudah cukup baik dalam mengimplemantasikan gereja yang bertekun, bersekutu dan sehat berdasarkan Kitab Kisah Para Rasul 2:41-47. Walaupun demikian GKBB perlu meningkatkan pemuridan, penginjilan pribadi dan kehidupan doa yang lebih baik lagi.
Audit Operasional atas Penerimaan dan Pengeluaran Kas pada Klinik X
Authors: Harared Bunga Anisah , Murdhaningsih Murdhaningsih
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan audit operasional fungsi penerimaan dan pengeluaran kas pada Klinik X. Audit operasional lebih dari sekadar audit laporan keuangan tradisional, audit operasional dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja yang di dalam prosesnya terdiri atas tahapan yang sistematis untuk mencapai tujuan perusahaan. Audit operasional atas fungsi penerimaan dan pengeluaran kas pada Klinik X dilakukan dengan lima tahapan yaitu tahap audit pendahuluan, tahap review, tahap audit rinci, tahap pelaporan, dan tahap tindak lanjut.
PROCESSING RICE HUSK WASTE INTO CHARCOAL AS A PLANT GROWING MEDIUM AND ORGANIC FERTILIZER
Authors: Ida Hasmita  , Eka Marya Mistar  , Nadia Putri Mauliza  , Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Cot Puklat Village is a village located in Mukim Melayo where the rice farming profession is the main livelihood for the community. The extensive community rice fields in the village cause husk waste to accumulate after each harvest period, because the utilization of rice husk waste is still very minimal. This is the background for choosing the location of community service activities. This activity aims to socialize to the community about the utilization of rice husk waste into husk charcoal as organic fertilizer and plant media in Cot Puklat Village, Blang Bintang District, Aceh Besar Regency. The community service team (PkM) consists of five lecturers and 10 students majoring in Chemical Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah. This training teaches the community to produce husk fertilizer from rice husk waste in order to provide benefits to the community in increasing the livelihood of the Cot Puklat village community. The community was very enthusiastic in participating in this community service activity. This activity is expected to be able to contribute and play an active role in creating a beautiful, beautiful, and healthy environment, especially in the Cot Puklat Village environment
UTILIZATION OF RICE STRAW WASTE INTO COMPOST FERTILIZER IN GAMPONG COT CUT, KUTA BARO SUB-DISTRICT ACEH BESAR DISTRICT
Authors: Husein Abdullah Umar , Muhammad Afreza  , Sri Agustina  , Ika Rezvani Aprita  , Endiyani  , Maghfirah  , Mulyanti  , Hardiansyah A
Published: January 2025

This Community Service (CS) activity aims to provide information to the community about the utilization of rice straw waste into compost in Gampong Cot Cut, Kuta Baro Sub-district, Aceh Besar District, by utilizing natural resources in the surrounding area so that it can improve the community's economy. Poliven lecturers and students to find out the potential and situation in Gampong Cot Cut Furthermore, planning activities that will be carried out and demonstrated to the community of Gampong Cot Cut. Then the second stage is providing direct explanations to the community about the utilization of rice straw waste in compost fertilizers. The stages of how to make it are: The available rice straw waste is chopped/reduced in size and then mixed with cow dung. Then the EM4 solution is added. The mixture is stirred evenly and tightly closed, and the fermentation process is carried out for 1 month. The CS activity carried out in Gampong Cot Cut, Ingin Jaya Sub-district, Aceh Besar District has been carried out very well and smoothly thanks to the assistance of several parties, namely LPPM Politeknik Indonesia Venezuela, support from the apparatus, and the community of Gampong Cot Cut. This CS activity is useful for developing the potential of the community to be more creative in creating new things, and the community is greatly helped by the demonstration of making rice straw compost.
Élargir l’espace francophone : les centres scolaires communautaires comme modèles de vitalité linguistique
Authors: Dias Dany , Chisholm Cheryl
Published: January 2025

Le monde de l’éducation en contexte francophone minoritaire fait face à des enjeux contemporains auxquels répondent des organisations éducatives ancrées dans leur milieu, comme les centres scolaires communautaires. Les autrices et leur partenaire communautaire, un organisme sans but lucratif en transition vers ce modèle, ont voulu documenter la manière dont un centre scolaire communautaire contribue avec succès à l’épanouissement de la population francophone minoritaire qu’il dessert. Cet article se penche sur les données recueillies de quinze centres scolaires communautaires participants, situés dans sept provinces et un territoire du Canada. Les défis et les pratiques réussies identifiés illustrent les points communs et les différences que vivent ces centres scolaires communautaires canadiens. À l’aide de la méthode du benchmarking des idées, cette recherche visait à renseigner le partenaire communautaire au sujet de constats préoccupants, afin qu’il puisse évaluer et mettre en oeuvre des changements servant à améliorer sa capacité à répondre aux défis actuels et futurs par l’entremise de son nouveau centre. Le modèle du centre scolaire communautaire, examiné à partir d’un cadre conceptuel incluant la théorie de la vitalité linguistique, le concept de capital social et les principes de l’École communautaire citoyenne, propose des pistes prometteuses dans le but d’élargir la conception des organisations éducatives francophones actuelles vers une approche communautaire et inclusive, soucieuse de la vitalité des communautés dans l’espace francophone.
Qui impliquer pour faire évoluer les pratiques enseignantes ? Pistes issues d’un projet associant communauté étudiante et personnel enseignant
Authors: Zappella David , Meia Jean-Steve , Carron Pascal , Gremion François
Published: January 2025

L’article présente une partie des résultats d’une recherche-action et formation menée dans le domaine de l’inclusion scolaire entre 2019 et 2023 en Suisse romande. Nous y avons suivi cinq duos composés d’une personne enseignante titulaire et d’une personne en formation à l’enseignement. La personne titulaire demandait de l’aide pour différencier ses pratiques d’enseignement, alors que la personne étudiante devait l’accompagner dans ce domaine, en lui faisant profiter de ce qui avait été appris en formation initiale. Cet article se focalise sur les motivations qui ont conduit les deux types de protagonistes à s’engager dans cette coformation, leur manière de collaborer, et l’intérêt et les apports qu’ils ont perçus en termes de développement professionnel. L’analyse des verbatim de leurs discussions avant et après chaque leçon révèle à la fois le potentiel du dispositif pour engager rapidement les protagonistes dans une collaboration profonde, mais également la nécessité d’impliquer d’autres personnes à leur collaboration, si l’objectif est de faire évoluer durablement les pratiques enseignantes et de contribuer au développement professionnel des personnes participantes. Le rôle des directions d’établissement dans l’accueil des personnes enseignantes novices dans leur établissement est discuté.
Features of the excise tax on the pharmaceutical ethanol: current issues
Authors: Sekushin Aleksei Yur'evich
Published: January 2025

The subject of the study is the excise tax on the pharmaceutical substance of ethyl alcohol, various aspects, features in the implementation of the excise tax on the pharmaceutical substance of ethyl alcohol. The purpose of the study is to analyze the excise tax on the pharmaceutical substance of ethyl alcohol, identify problems based on the analysis of the excise tax on the pharmaceutical substance of ethyl alcohol, and propose directions for the development of the excise tax on the pharmaceutical substance of ethyl alcohol for the purposes of harmonization of legislation. The author examines in detail such features of the excise tax on the pharmaceutical substance of ethyl alcohol as: lists of pharmaceutical products, the object of taxation of excise tax, the application of various rates when performing operations with the pharmaceutical substance of ethyl alcohol, the specifics of the application of deductions for this excise tax, as well as other issues. This study was conducted based on the application of general scientific research methods, including systematic, logical, comparative analysis, and the method of analogy. The main conclusions of the study are that this tax is aimed at controlling the misuse of medical alcohol in the production of alcoholic beverages, imposing excise taxes on such production in order to equalize its value. As part of the implementation of the new mechanism, pharmaceutical companies face an additional administrative burden regarding the need to confirm the intended use of the pharmaceutical substance ethyl alcohol. At the same time, the author highlights an urgent problem for the excise tax on the pharmaceutical substance of ethyl alcohol, which is an additional tax burden in the case of the purchase of more than 500,000 thousand liters of pharmaceutical substance of ethyl alcohol for the production of medicines that are not included in the lists of pharmaceutical products. The scientific novelty lies in the refinement of a new approach to state regulation of excise taxation, based on a detailed analysis of legislative norms and rules, as well as an assessment of the effects of their impact on the pharmaceutical industry.
Bactericidal Properties of the Sol-gel Layer on Polymer Substrates in Medical Applications
Authors: Armatys Paulina , Długoń Elżbieta , Smółka Wojciech , Sobota Robert , Frączek-Szczypta Aneta , Markowski Jarosław , Stodolak-Zych Ewa
Published: January 2025

Polymeric biomaterials are a group of plastics used in medical devices, implants, and artificial organ components. In order to maintain the higher asepticity of the products, solutions based on the modification of the volume or surface of a plastic with biocidal agents, e.g. antibiotics, nanoparticles, are used. One of the methods used to impart biocidal properties to the material can be the use of layers applied by the sol-gel method. The aim of this study was to produce homogeneous and durable coatings on inert and hydrophobic silicone surfaces based on polysiloxane sols with biocidal activity against model bacteria: Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) and Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis). This paper presents results of investigations on a commercial biomedical silicone material (DEMED Sp. zoo) modified with eight sols; siloxane (TD), phenol-siloxane (FD), siloxane-aluminum (TD-Al), siloxane-titanium (TD-Ti), titanium (Ti), zinc (Zn), and TD and TD-Al sols modified with green tea extract (TD-GT, TD-Al-GT). The reference for the tested materials was unmodified silicone. In order to be prepared for coating, the siloxane samples were etched with hydrofluoric acid. Residual acid was removed from the silicone by washing and the substrates were then coated with sols by means of dip coating. The modified materials were then polymerized at 100°C for one week. The produced layered composites were subjected to microstructural, physicochemical, structural and microbiological analysis by contacting them with Gramm negative and Gramm positive bacteria. It was shown that the strongest biocidal properties were exhibited by samples modified with the sols based on - Zn, TD-Ti, Ti, TD-Al-GT and TD-GT.
Glia control experience-dependent plasticity in an olfactory critical period
Authors: Leier Hans C , Foden Alexander J , Jindal Darren A , Wilkov Abigail J , Costello Paola Van der Linden , Vanderzalm Pamela J , Coutinho-Budd Jaeda C , Tabuchi Masashi , Broihier Heather T
Published: January 2025

Sensory experience during developmental critical periods has lifelong consequences for circuit function and behavior, but the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which experience causes these changes are not well understood. The Drosophila antennal lobe houses synapses between olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and downstream projection neurons (PNs) in stereotyped glomeruli. Many glomeruli exhibit structural plasticity in response to early-life odor exposure, indicating a general sensitivity of the fly olfactory circuitry to early sensory experience. We recently found that glia shape antennal lobe development in young adults, leading us to ask if glia also drive experience-dependent plasticity during this period. Here we define a critical period for structural and functional plasticity of OSN-PN synapses in the ethyl butyrate (EB)-sensitive glomerulus VM7. EB exposure for the first two days post-eclosion drives large-scale reductions in glomerular volume, presynapse number, and post-synaptic activity. Crucially, pruning during the critical period has long-term consequences for circuit function since both OSN-PN synapse number and spontaneous activity of PNs remain persistently decreased following early-life odor exposure. The highly conserved engulfment receptor Draper is required for this critical period plasticity as ensheathing glia upregulate Draper, invade the VM7 glomerulus, and phagocytose OSN presynaptic terminals in response to critical-period EB exposure. Loss of Draper fully suppresses the morphological and physiological consequences of critical period odor exposure, arguing that phagocytic glia engulf intact synaptic terminals. These data demonstrate experience-dependent pruning of synapses and argue that Drosophila olfactory circuitry is a powerful model for defining the function of glia in critical period plasticity.
Synaptic enrichment and dynamic regulation of the two opposing dopamine receptors within the same neurons
Authors: Hiramatsu Shun , Saito Kokoro , Kondo Shu , Katow Hidetaka , Yamagata Nobuhiro , Wu Chun-Fang , Tanimoto Hiromu
Published: January 2025

Dopamine can play opposing physiological roles depending on the receptor subtype. In the fruit fly
Drosophila melanogaster
,
Dop1R1
and
Dop2R
encode the D
1
- and D
2
-like receptors, respectively, and are reported to oppositely regulate intracellular cAMP levels. Here, we profiled the expression and subcellular localization of endogenous Dop1R1 and Dop2R in specific cell types in the mushroom body circuit. For cell-type-specific visualization of endogenous proteins, we employed reconstitution of split-GFP tagged to the receptor proteins. We detected dopamine receptors at both presynaptic and postsynaptic sites in multiple cell types. Quantitative analysis revealed enrichment of both receptors at the presynaptic sites, with Dop2R showing a greater degree of localization than Dop1R1. The presynaptic localization of Dop1R1 and Dop2R in dopamine neurons suggests dual feedback regulation as autoreceptors. Furthermore, we discovered a starvation-dependent, bidirectional modulation of the presynaptic receptor expression in the PAM and PPL1 clusters, two distinct subsets of dopamine neurons, suggesting regulation of appetitive behaviors. Our results highlight the significance of the co-expression of the two opposing dopamine receptors in the spatial and conditional regulation of dopamine responses in neurons.
Efectos de una intervención basada en videofeedback en la sintomatología depresiva y estrés parental de cuidadores familiares que han vivido experiencias adversas tempranas
Authors:   , Meneses Toledo Carolina Fernanda
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación describe y analiza el efecto de una intervención basada en videofeedback en la salud mental de madres, padres y otros cuidadores familiares que han vivido experiencias adversas tempranas (ACEs) y que tienen a su cuidado niños/as en edad preescolar. La muestra está compuesta por 192 diadas pertenecientes a jardines infantiles de la JUNJI a quienes se les administró un cuestionario pre y post intervención que incluyó instrumentos como ACE-IQ, PHQ-9 y PSI-SF para evaluar experiencias adversas, sintomatología depresiva y estrés parental respectivamente y brindarles una intervención basada en videofeedback para desarrollar habilidades parentales según el nivel de ACEs reportadas, distinguiendo entre una intervención breve para personas con 1 a 3 ACEs y una intervención completa para quienes hayan experimentado 4 o más ACEs. Para cumplir los objetivos se desarrolló un análisis pre-post mediante un ANCOVA Mixto que incluyó como variables dependientes la sintomatología depresiva y el estrés parental y como variables de control la edad y el nivel educacional de los participantes. Los resultados mostraron un efecto significativo en la disminución del estrés parental (p = 0,038) en la muestra total, sin embargo, al separar los resultados por la modalidad de la intervención recibida no se observaron diferencias significativas en esta variable. En cuanto a la sintomatología depresiva, la intervención de videofeedback no presentó un efecto significativo en su disminución. Los hallazgos encontrados sugieren que, si bien esta intervención redujo los niveles de estrés parental, los efectos específicos podrían depender de factores adicionales.
Pure Phase Co3O4 Anchored on Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon for High-Performance Lithium-ion Batteries
Authors: Ruan Qingling , Yang Zhehan , Liu Yan , Xu Junjie , Zhang Jie , Dai Jinhang , Gu Xingxing
Published: January 2025

Transition metal oxides (TMOs), due to their high theoretical capacity, and long cycling stability, have received increasing attention as the anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this work, a kind of TMOs, Co3O4, anchored on nitrogen-doped porous carbon (NC), has been successfully synthesized via calcining cobalt salts and biomass precursor together. The synthesized Co3O4/NC as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries illustrates excellent cycling performances. At a current density of 1.0 A.g-1, the Co3O4/NC anode could maintain a superior high reversible capacity of 1131.4 mAh.g-1 after 2000 cycles. Even if the current increases to 8.0 A.g-1, it still shows a reversible capacity of 502.9 mAh.g-1. Such excellent electrochemical performances could be attributed to the high specific surface area of NC that facilitates the uniform dispersion of Co3O4 nanoparticles on it as well as the abundant porous structure and good conductivity of NC that enhance the Li+ transfer and electrons transfer, respectively. In a word, this work provides a simple strategy for synthesizing the NC-supported pure phase Co3O4 composite anode material for realizing high-performance LIBs. Copyright © 2025 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).