bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous and co-located wind measurements in the middle atmosphere by lidar and rocket-borne techniques
Authors: Lübken Franz-Josef , Baumgarten Gerd , Hildebrand Jens , Schmidlin Francis J.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. We present the first comparison of a new lidar technique to measure winds in the middle atmosphere, called DoRIS (Doppler Rayleigh Iodine Spectrometer), with rocket-borne insitu observations which rely on measuring the horizontal drift of a target ('starute') by a tracking radar. The launches took place from the Andøya Space Center (ASC), very close to the ALOMAR observatory (Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research) at 69° N. DoRIS is part of a steerable twin lidar system installed at ALOMAR. The observations were made simultaneously and with a horizontal distance between the two lidar beams and the starute trajectories of typically 0–40 km only. DoRIS measured winds from 14 March 2015, 17:00 UTC to 15 March 2015, 11:30 UTC. A total of 8 starute flights were launched successfully from 14 March, 19:00 UTC to 15 March, 00:19 UTC. In general there is excellent agreement between DoRIS and the insitu measurements considering the combined range of uncertainties. This concerns not only the general height structures of zonal and meridional winds and their temporal developments, but also some wavy structures. Considering the comparison between all starute flights and all DoRIS observations in a time period of ±20 min around each individual starute flight, we arrive at mean differences of typically ±5–10 m/s for both wind components. Part of the remaining differences are most likely due to the detection of different wave fronts of gravity waves. There is no systematic difference between DoRIS and the insitu observations above 30 km. Below ~30 km winds from DoRIS are systematically too large by up to 10–20 m/s which can be explained by the presence of aerosols. This is proven by deriving the backscatter ratios at two different wavelengths. These ratios are larger than unity, which is an indication for the presence of aerosols.
Revisiting benzene cluster cations for the chemical ionization of dimethyl sulfide and select volatile organic compounds
Authors: Kim Michelle J. , Zoerb Matthew C. , Campbell Nicole R. , Zimmermann Kathryn J. , Blomquist Byron W. , Huebert Barry J. , Bertram Timothy H.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Benzene cluster cations were revisited as a sensitive and selective reagent ion for the chemical ionization of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and a select group of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Laboratory characterization was performed using both a new set of compounds (i.e., DMS, β-caryophyllene) as well as previously studied VOCs (i.e., isoprene, α-pinene). Using a field deployable chemical-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (CI-ToFMS), benzene cluster cations demonstrated high sensitivity (> 1 ncps ppt−1) to DMS, isoprene, and α-pinene standards. Parallel measurements conducted using a chemical-ionization quadrupole mass spectrometer, with a much weaker electric field, demonstrated that ion–molecule reactions likely proceed through a combination of ligand-switching and direct charge transfer mechanisms. Laboratory tests suggest that benzene cluster cations may be suitable for the selective ionization of sesquiterpenes, where minimal fragmentation (< 25 %) was observed for the detection of β-caryophyllene, a bicyclic sesquiterpene. The in-field stability of benzene cluster cations using CI-ToFMS was examined in the marine boundary layer during the High Wind Gas Exchange Study (HiWinGS). The use of benzene cluster cation chemistry for the selective detection of DMS was validated against an atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer, where measurements from the two instruments were highly correlated (R2 > 0.95, 10 s averages) over a wide range of sampling conditions.
Impacts of climate change under CMIP5 RCP scenarios on the streamflow in the Dinder River and ecosystem habitats in Dinder National Park, Sudan
Authors: Basheer Amir K. , Lu Haishen , Omer Abubaker , Ali Abubaker B. , Abdelgader Abdeldime M. S.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The fate of seasonal river ecosystem habitats under climate change essentially depends on the changes in annual recharge of the river, which are related to alterations in precipitation and evaporation over the river basin. Therefore, the change in climate conditions is expected to significantly affect hydrological and ecological components, particularly in fragmented ecosystems. This study aims to assess the impacts of climate change on the streamflow in the Dinder River basin (DRB) and to infer its relative possible effects on the Dinder National Park (DNP) ecosystem habitats in Sudan. Four global circulation models (GCMs) from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and two statistical downscaling approaches combined with a hydrological model (SWAT – the Soil and Water Assessment Tool) were used to project the climate change conditions over the study periods 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s. The results indicated that the climate over the DRB will become warmer and wetter under most scenarios. The projected precipitation variability mainly depends on the selected GCM and downscaling approach. Moreover, the projected streamflow is quite sensitive to rainfall and temperature variation, and will likely increase in this century. In contrast to drought periods during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, the predicted climate change is likely to affect ecosystems in DNP positively and promote the ecological restoration for the habitats of flora and fauna.
Feathery and network-like filamentous textures as indicators for the crystallization of quartz from a silica gel precursor at the Rusey Fault, Cornwall, UK
Authors: Yilmaz Tim I. , Duschl Florian , Di Genova Danilo
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Quartz crystals from a hydrothermal shear-zone-hosted quartz deposit (Rusey Fault, Cornwall, UK) show feathery textures and network-like filamentous textures. Optical hot-cathodoluminescence (CL) analysis and LA-ICP-MS investigations on quartz samples revealed that positions exhibiting feathery textures (violet luminescence) incorporate higher amounts of Ca, As, Na, Mg, and K than quartz positions without feathery textures (blue luminescence). Raman spectroscopy investigations revealed the presence of a weak peak ("shoulder") at 507–509 cm−1 in quartz affected by feathery textures, which we attribute to the presence of moganite, a microcrystalline silica variety. The combined occurrence of feathery textures and network-like filamentous textures in quartz samples from the Rusey fault zone points to the presence of a silica gel precursor before or during the crystallization.
The influence of a model subglacial lake on ice dynamics and internal layering
Authors: Gudlaugsson Eythor , Humbert Angelika , Kleiner Thomas , Kohler Jack , Andreassen Karin
Published: April 2016

Abstract. As ice flows over a subglacial lake, the drop in bed resistance leads to an increase in ice velocities and a draw down of isochrones and cold ice. The ice surface flattens as it adjusts to the lack of resisting forces at the base. The rapid transition in velocity induces changes in ice viscosity and releases deformation energy that can raise the temperature locally. Recent studies of Antarctic subglacial lakes indicate that many lakes experience very fast and possibly episodic drainage, during which the lake size is rapidly reduced as water flows out. Questions that arise are what effect this would have on internal layers within the ice and whether such past drainage events could be inferred from isochrone structures downstream. Here, we study the effect of a subglacial lake on ice dynamics as well as the influence that such short timescale drainage would have on the internal layers of the ice. To this end, we use a full Stokes, polythermal ice flow model. An enthalpy-gradient method is used to account for the evolution of temperature and water content within the ice. We find that a rapid transition between slow-moving ice outside the lake, and full sliding over the lake, can release considerable amounts of deformational energy, with the potential to form a temperate layer at depth in the transition zone. In addition, we provide an explanation for a characteristic surface feature commonly seen at the edges of subglacial lakes, a hummocky surface depression in the transition zone between little to full sliding. We also conclude that rapid changes in the horizontal extent of subglacial lakes and slippery patches, compared to the average ice column velocity, can create a traveling wave at depth within the isochrone structure that transfers downstream with the advection of ice, thus indicating the possibility of detecting past drainage events with ice penetrating radar.
"A good day to see a bobcat": Elementary students' online journal entries during a structured observation visit to a wildlife center
Authors: Kazmer Michelle M. , Alemanne Nicole D. , Mendenhall Anne , Marty Paul F. , Southerland Sherry A. , Sampson Victor , Douglas Ian , Clark Amanda , Schellinger Jennifer
Published: April 2016

This paper presents findings from a qualitative analysis of electronic journal entries created by elementary school students during field trips to a nature center. The field trips were part of the Habitat Tracker project (http://tracker.cci.fsu.edu/) designed to help elementary students learn about scientific practices. The Habitat Tracker team developed a mobile app and accompanying Web site integrated with a standards-based science curriculum. The mobile app includes observation worksheets and an electronic journal that guide student inquiry activities during the field trip. This study focuses on how the students’ journal entries demonstrate features of scientific journaling; how students engage in scientific practices when journaling; and how including multiple nature observation sites during a field trip shapes students’ journal writing. Our analysis demonstrates that journal entries reveal underlying strengths and weaknesses of students’ progress in scientific inquiry. The analysis indicates persistent effects of scaffolding and how carefully scaffolds’ content and delivery must be designed.
Automating power: Social bot interference in global politics
Authors: Woolley Samuel C.
Published: April 2016

Over the last several years political actors worldwide have begun harnessing the digital power of social bots — software programs designed to mimic human social media users on platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Reddit. Increasingly, politicians, militaries, and government-contracted firms use these automated actors in online attempts to manipulate public opinion and disrupt organizational communication. Politicized social bots — here ‘political bots’ — are used to massively boost politicians’ follower levels on social media sites in attempts to generate false impressions of popularity. They are programmed to actively and automatically flood news streams with spam during political crises, elections, and conflicts in order to interrupt the efforts of activists and political dissidents who publicize and organize online. They are used by regimes to send out sophisticated computational propaganda. This paper conducts a content analysis of available media articles on political bots in order to build an event dataset of global political bot deployment that codes for usage, capability, and history. This information is then analyzed, generating a global outline of this phenomenon. This outline seeks to explain the variety of political bot-oriented strategies and presents details crucial to building understandings of these automated software actors in the humanities, social and computer sciences.
Twitter friend repertoires: Introducing a methodology to assess patterns of information management on Twitter
Authors: Schmidt Jan-Hinrik
Published: April 2016

This paper argues that previous Twitter research has mainly employed a “broadcast perspective” by focusing on follower relations and concepts such as popularity, reach, or influence. But the microblogging platform is also a tool for users to combine a personalized set of sources. We propose the concept of “Twitter friend repertoires” and present a novel methodology to assess them by comparing the set of Twitter friends against a list of previously identified accounts from publicly relevant speakers. We exemplify this approach by presenting comparative findings on the friend repertoires of four groups of German Twitter users, demonstrating how this approach can reveal distinct patterns in the sources people follow on Twitter. We conclude with a set of research perspectives which look at Twitter as a space for personalized, yet patterned information management.
Cellular Landscapes in Watercolor
Authors: Goodsell David
Published: April 2016

The molecular structure of cells is currently not accessible to most experimental techniques, but a view may be synthesized from data on molecular structure and cellular ultrastructure. In this article, the authors present the preparation and process for creation of a painting that shows the molecular environment of a portion of a living cell.
ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DO CAPIM LIMÃO (Cymbopogon citratus) E SUA INTERAÇÃO COM OS COMPONENTES DOS ALIMENTOS
Authors: MACHADO TEREZINHA FEITOSA , PEREIRA RITA DE CÁSSIA ALVES , DE SOUSA CIVITA TEIXEIRA , BATISTA VALÉRIA CHAVES VASCONCELOS
Published: April 2016

Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf e o efeito dos componentes dosalimentos sobre sua efi cácia. O potencial antimicrobiano do óleo foideterminado pela presença de zona de inibição de crescimento econcentração inibitória mínima contra Listeria monocytogenes, L.innocua, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonasaeruginosa e Salmonella choleraesuis. O efeito dos componentesdos alimentos e do pH sobre a efi cácia antimicrobiana do óleofoi monitorado pelo crescimento de L. monocytogenes em meiosde cultura modelos, constituídos de amido de batata (0, 1, 5 e 10%), extrato de carne (1,5, 3, 6 e 12 %), óleo de girassol (0, 5 e10 %) e caldo tripticase de soja (TSB) em pH 4, 5, 6 e 7. O OEmostrou efi cácia contra todas as espécies bacterianas testadas. Oefeito antimicrobiano do óleo variou em função da concentraçãodo componente manipulado. Proteínas e lipídios apresentaramimpacto negativo na efi cácia do OE; quanto maior a concentraçãodestes componentes nos meios maiores foram as médias docrescimento bacteriano. O amido apresentou impacto negativo naefi cácia do óleo nas concentrações de 1 % e 5 %. Contudo, namais alta concentração avaliada (10 %) observou-se um declínio nocrescimento bacteriano. A atividade antimicrobiana do OE aumentoucom a diminuição do pH. Os resultados deste estudo comprovarama efi cácia antimicrobiana do OE do C. citratus para agentespatogênicos e bactérias deterioradoras de alimentos, verifi cando-semaior efi ciência em alimentos proteicos e amiláceos em pH ácido.
CARTAS DE COMENTÁRIOS DAS EMPRESAS ENVIADAS AO IASB: UMA ANÁLISE DA REVISÃO PÓS-IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO IFRS 8 – OPERATING SEGMENT
Authors: Vieira Rafael Tadeu , Borba José Alonso
Published: April 2016

Este estudo objetiva analisar o processo de implementação no IASB do IFRS 8 – Operating Segment, através das cartas de comentários enviadas quando do processo de revisão. Com o propósito de: (i) identificar os respondentes, classificados em: empresas; associação de analistas financeiros; entidades não governamentais; empresas de auditoria; corpo de profissional contábil; reguladores; outros e corpo representativo, de acordo com o estudo de Katselas, Birt, Xang (2011); (ii) verificar os relatos da implementação para as empresas. Para alcançar o objetivo, foram acessados os 67 documentos recebidos até novembro de 2012 na revisão do IFRS 8. Os resultados evidenciam que a Europa foi o continente com o maior número de manifestações. Foram analisadas as 12 cartas de comentários enviadas pelas empresas. Observou-se que as empresas adotaram o IFRS 8 de maneira completa, isto é, respeitando as exigências do IFRS 8 e, além disso, algumas empresas divulgaram informações adicionais. Sobre as medidas não-IFRS, a mais citada foi o EBITDA, sendo que os principais comentários são sobre a incomparabilidade da medida. A metade desses respondentes, especificamente 6 empresas, aponta a não ocorrência de custos significativos e não previstos. Por outro lado, aqueles que relatam a existência de custos, afirmaram serem esses decorrentes do modelo organizacional da empresa que, por sua vez, precisou ser adaptado para divulgar informações segmentadas geograficamente. As empresas, em sua maioria, consideram o texto normativo claro.
A Utilidade de um Sistema ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) no Processo de Gestão de Pequenas Empresas
Authors: Nganga Camilla Soueneta Nascimento , Leal Edvalda Araújo
Published: April 2016

Este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar os principais fatores que motivam as pequenas empresas na adoção e uso deum sistema ERP. Nesse sentido, o estudo classifica-se como descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. O universo a ser considerado abrange a totalidade de empresas que utilizam as Soluções de ERP JIVA, que somam em torno de 131 empresas. A amostra é composta por 32 gestores de pequenas empresas participantes do projeto JIVA, que implantaram o ERP para a gestão de seu negócio. Foi estruturado um instrumento de coleta de dados, com base nas variáveis apresentadas no estudo de Lunardi, Dolci e Maçada (2010). Os resultados apurados demonstram que identificar as melhorias proporcionadas pela adoção de um sistema ERP poderá influenciar em que seu uso seja explorado com maior intensidade e com melhores resultados para a organização. Ressalta-se que na amostra analisada os principais módulos adotados pelas empresas são: “Comercial”, “Financeiro” e “Fiscal”.
A DITADURA MILITAR NO BRASIL E O TEATRO: MEMÓRIA E RESISTÊNCIA DA CLASSE ARTÍSTICA
Authors: Figueiredo César Alessandro
Published: April 2016

RESUMO: O presente artigo como objetivo principal analisar o protagonismo do teatro e, principalmente, da classe artística, no cenário político brasileiro na luta contra a ditadura militar brasileira. Conforme realçado ao longo do texto, a ditadura militar no Brasil durou de 1964 a 1985, ou seja, 21 anos em que houveram sérios cerceamentos dos direitos políticos dos brasileiros. Construímos como hipótese, que nesta conjuntura política adversa a classe artística levantou-se capitaneando, em conjunto com outras forças políticas, a luta contra o regime militar. Para a consecução do artigo em tela, utilizamos de uma pesquisa qualitativa através da análise de conteúdo dos elementos mais significativos, tanto da bibliografia que pudessem aludir ao período quanto de material fílmico que contribuísse para a pesquisa realizada. Finalizando, concluímos que, com certeza, o teatro foi uma grande trincheira de luta contra o regime ditatorial e os palcos serviram de verdadeiras trincheiras para a classe artística servindo de porta voz para a população reverberar os seus dramas.
Examination of Academic Achievement in Early Adolescence: A Comparison for Adolesence with Visual Impairments Doing Sport or Not Doing Sport
Authors: Taskin Cengiz
Published: April 2016

The aim of this study was examination of academic achievement of early adolescents with visual impairments. Eighty eight children from Turkey, (age=12.30±1.22 years; height=144.10±5.51 cm; weight=41.45±4.68 kg) for twenty female athletes, (age=12.30±1.79; height=151.04±7.49 cm; weight=48.18±7.63 kg) for twenty seven male athletes, and (age=11.52±1.44 years; height=143.86±6.66 cm; weight=45.95±6.30 kg) for twenty one female sedentary, (age=12.95±1.00; height=146.55±5.61 cm; weight=47.60±4.84 kg) for twenty male sedentary, participated as volunteer in this research. All athletes and sedentary had 3 of sport classifications for the blind. A significantly differences was found between athletes and sedentary in the early adolescencewith visual impairments (p≤0.05). There was no significantly differences between the females and males in the early adolescencewith visual impairments (p≥0.05). There was no interaction between gender in the early adolescencewith visual impairments group (p>0.05). In conclusion, when visually impaired individuals do sport, their self-confidence increases, they appear to keep themselves away from stress and anxiety and show high motivation in class environments. Finally, they become more successful individuals in their academic career.
Concept Cartoons Supported Problem Based Learning Method in Middle School Science Classrooms
Authors: Balim Ali Gunay , Inel-Ekici Didem , Ozcan Erkan
Published: April 2016

Problem based learning, in which events from daily life are presented as interesting scenarios, is one of the active learning approaches that encourages students to self-direct learning. Problem based learning, generally used in higher education, requires students to use high end thinking skills in learning environments. In order to use effectively for secondary students, concept cartoons can be integrated to problem based learning environment. Concept cartoons provide alternative views and help students at problem solving stage. So, in this study the effects of concept cartoons and problem based learning on students’ inquiry learning skill perceptions and levels of relating knowledge with daily life were examined. Two experiment groups and one control group were formed and pre test-post test control group quasi experimental design was used in this research. During four weeks experimental practice, courses were continued with concept cartoon integrated problem based learning in experiment group 1 while only problem based learning was used in experiment group 2 and science program activities was used in control group. 553 sixth grade students (13-14 age group) from 9 different middle schools in Turkey participated in this study. Inquiry learning skills perception scale and knowledge-daily life relating open ended questions were used as data collection tools. In the result of the data anaylsis, it was found that students’ inquiry learning skill perceptions scores differ significantly in favor of experiment groups. However, no significant difference found between groups in terms of knowledge-daily life relation scores.
The Structural Relations of Parameters of School-Based Management Based on Decentralization, Responsibility, Participation, Organizational Culture, and Organizational Commitment
Authors: Amin Beidokhti Aliakbar , Fathi Kourosh , Moradi Saeid
Published: April 2016

The aim of this study is to carry out the structural relations of parameters of school-based management based on decentralization, responsibility, participation, organizational culture, and organizational commitment. This study is an applied and survey. The statistical population of this research is all of the managers and teachers of Tehran city, of which 148 people (119 teachers and 29 managers) have been selected based on random sampling. The data have been collected using a questionnaire, whose admissibility and constancy have been proved in accordance to the view of related experts. In order to analyze data, Lisrel software has been used. Findings of study show that among the studied indexes, the organizational commitment with a path coefficient of 0.89; responsibility with a path coefficient of 0.86; participation with a path coefficient of 0.78; decentralization with a path coefficient of 0.73; and organizational culture with a path coefficient of 0.69, respectively maintain the most impact on the implementation of school-based management system in the schools of Tehran city. The principle of school management (school-based management) coupled with participative management is one of the approaches adopted by the majority of pioneering countries in a bid to enhance the efficiency of school management and to improve the quality of academic progress of pupils, which should be taken into consideration by the planners and decision-makers of our country’s educational system. The theoretical and applied allusions of the findings were discussed.
Drivers of Dry Common Beans Trade in Lusaka, Zambia: A Trader’s Perspective
Authors: Sichilima Timothy , Mapemba Lawrence , Tembo Gelson
Published: April 2016

This study was designed to analyze drivers of dry common beans trade in Lusaka, Zambia. Specifically, the study analyzed the effect of common bean grain characteristics on bean market price. Data was collected using structured questionnaires from 225 traders stationed in three markets namely: Soweto, Chilenje and Mtendere.
Using hedonic pricing, the findings reveal that medium sized grain was an important characteristic which significantly affected the pricing of common bean. For instance, it was observed that medium grain size fetched ZMW1.266 per kilogram (kg) and ZMW 1.042 per kg more than grains of smaller size in the pooled and Soweto market sample, respectively. It was further revealed that yellow, yellow and white color significantly affected the bean price received by traders. Other factors which significantly affected the pricing of beans included age of the trader, being a retail trader and trading at Chilenje market. Given these findings, common bean breeders need to include traders and consumers as important actors whose knowledge can make resourceful impact in varietal development. Furthermore, interventions by policy makers that respond to the social economic needs of traders is recommended to improve bean trade.
The 2015 Proposal for an EU Directive on the Societas Unius Personae (SUP)
Authors: Rammeloo Stephan
Published: April 2016

The 2015 Proposal for an EU Directive on the Societas Unius Personae (SUP) – Another Attempt to Square the Circle?

Stimulating business throughout the Single Market, not in the least for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), is one of the key priorities of the EU’s ten-year growth strategy, ‘Europe 2020’. One of the strategies to achieve this goal is the recently developed legal concept of a ‘European trademark’ for single member private limited liability companies duly established under the laws of any EU Member State and complying with preconditions required by a draft Proposal for a Directive on the Societas Unius Personae (SUP). The 2015 Compromising text, having replaced the initial 2014 Draft for a Directive requires to be analysed in view of its ‘scope’ (functional and geographical reach). Furthermore, attention is given to matters of formation and ‘long distance’ registration, share capital, internal organization and functioning of company organs, the functioning of SUP’s as stand alone companies or SUP’s embedded in company group or chain structures. Critical observations inter alia focus on relinquished provisions on the SUP’s seat as well as the powers of SUP organs and on ‘national law’ creeping in the Proposed Directive more and more at the cost of legal certainty and legal coherence between EU law instruments relevant to private limited liability companies.
Opmerkingen bij de voorgenomen herziening van het stelsel geweldsaanwending politieambtenaren
Authors: Ten Voorde Jeroen
Published: April 2016

Comments on the announced revision of regulations concerning the use of force by Dutch police

In a recent letter to parliament, the Dutch minister of Security and Justice announced a revision of the regulations concerning the use of force by members of the Dutch police. The police had requested such a revision, because they believe that the current regulations are not up-to-date and lead to an unacceptable criminalization of officers who have used force while on duty. The changes announced in the letter are the introduction of a new criminal offence, the introduction of a new defense type (specifically for police officers) and various changes in procedural law. This article critically examines several of these changes.
Godslastering voor en na de aanslagen op Charlie Hebdo
Authors: Piret Jean-Marc , ten Voorde Jeroen
Published: April 2016

Blasphemy before and after the terrorist attacks on Charlie Hebdo

Triggered by the recent Paris attacks the authors make an attempt to answer the question how liberal democracies can react to religious extremists that respond with violence to utterances they consider to be blasphemous. After a brief historical survey of the reactions to blasphemy in penal law and philosophy, the authors compare blasphemy laws and their relation to the freedom of speech in various European countries. Then they analyse the relevant case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the U.S. Supreme Court. In their conclusion the authors defend the position that liberal democracies should be cautious in order to prevent the principles of liberal democracy from being subverted by self-censorship induced by fear of extremism.
CAGP 2015 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts
Authors: Authors Various
Published: April 2016

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Defining Functional Decline, Characteristics of Admitted Older Adults and Comparing Alternate Versions of the MoCA
Authors: Madden Ken M.
Published: April 2016

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Effects of Abrupt Pipe Diameter Changes on Venturi Flowmeters
Authors: Sharp Zachary B. , Johnson Michael C. , Barfuss Steven L.
Published: April 2016

Although accurate flow measurement is a requirement in many applications, flowmeters are often installed in unfavorable conditions. Any time a flowmeter is installed close to a flow disturbance, such as a pipe fitting or a valve, the installation should be investigated to ensure there will be no negative effects on the meter's performance. This study investigated the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) coupled with laboratory data to determine the effects that sudden changes in pipe diameter can have on the discharge coefficients of Venturi flowmeters. The study determined how accurately CFD can match laboratory data, then used CFD to determine the distance needed between a sudden change in diameter and a Venturi flowmeter so that the meter is no longer affected by the disturbance. The results show that CFD can be an effective tool for investigating installation effects for flowmeters.
Parto prematuro: abordagens presentes na produção científica nacional e internacional
Authors: Pohlmann Flávia Conceição , Kerber Nalú Pereira da Costa , Viana Jackeline Da Silva , Carvalho Vanessa Franco de , Costa Carolina Coutinho , Souza Catharine Silva de
Published: April 2016

Objetivo del estudio fue conocer la producción científica sobre el parto prematuro. Se trata de un estudio bibliográfico, realizado con 24 trabajos completos que abordan la prematuridad, derivado de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, publicados entre los años 2008 y 2013. El análisis de la literatura se llevó a cabo temáticamente, emergiendo cuatro categorías: factores de riesgo asociados al parto prematuro, nacimiento prematuro: Aspectos positivos y negativos; conducta profesional relacionada con el parto prematuro y el papel de la atención de enfermería en el trabajo de parto prematuro. Este estudio indica que muchos investigadores están preocupados por los factores de riesgo asociados con la prematuridad, lo que contribuye a la identificación temprana y a la reducción de las tasas de esta complicación. Aún así, son pocos los estudios que brindan contribuciones a la enfermería, dejando de contribuir al conocimiento y proceso de trabajo de estos profesionales, también responsables de producir salud en este momento de la vida de mujeres y familias que viven la prematuridad
Prevalencia de obesidad infantil y hábitos alimentarios en educación primaria
Authors: Alba-Martín Raquel
Published: April 2016

Introducción: En los países desarrollados la obesidad infantil se ha incrementado alarmantemente en los últimos años, convirtiéndose en un grave problema de salud pública. La obesidad es una enfermedad crónica de origen multifactorial que comienza durante la niñez y adolescencia. Se produce por un desequilibrio entre el consumo y el gasto energético. Como causas influyentes destacan: factores genéticos, biológicos, de comportamiento y culturales. Su tratamiento resulta muy complicado en esta etapa de crecimiento porque cualquier déficit nutricional puede repercutir negativamente en el desarrollo integral del niño.

Objetivos: Clasificar a la población de estudio en función de su Indice de Masa Corporal (IMC), establecer la relación que existe entre obesidad infantil y el uso del servicio de comedor escolar y verificar que el menú del comedor escolar es adecuado en cuanto al contenido calórico y el porcentaje de principios inmediatos.

Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal sobre obesidad en niños de 6 años. Para la recogida de datos, se utilizó una báscula para medir el peso y una cinta métrica para tallarlos, y con los datos de peso y estatura recogidos se calculó el IMC. Por otro lado, para poder comprobar el menú, el personal del comedor escolar nos facilitó un menú mensual.

Resultados: Dentro de los porcentajes europeos, nuestra muestra reflejó niños con sobrepeso y obesidad y también un considerable porcentaje de niños con bajo peso.

Conclusiones: Destacar el papel fundamental de la familia y cuidadores en los comedores escolares; fomentando hábitos saludables (ejercicio y dieta equilibrada) para poder prevenir patologías en la edad adulta secundarias a la obesidad, lo cual es una gran estrategia de seguridad para la salud pública y para la economía de los Sistemas Sanitarios.
Estudio sobre la resiliencia en ancianas del Valle de Paraíba, São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Araújo Claudia Lysia , Faro Ana Cristina Mancussi
Published: April 2016

  La resiliencia es un término que proviene de la física, muy discutido en varias áreas, antes de este marco, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la resiliencia de las mujeres mayores, participantes en las actividades en el Centro de Convivencia. Estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo, caracterizado por 117 mujeres con una edad media de 70 a 80 años, viudas, católicas, jubiladas, de 1-5 años de educación escolar, con ingreso familiar de 2-3 salarios mínimos, practican actividad  física, composición familiar de 1-2 miembros en la familia, con percepción positiva para el cuidado de la salud física y mental, toman de 1-2 tipos de medicamentos al día, presentan 1-2 comorbilidades, relatan actividad sexual 1 - 4 veces al mes y con nivel de resiliencia elevado
Avaliação antropométrica, pressórica e hematológica de população vegetariana
Authors: Cirino Campos Fagner Alfredo Ardisson , Cheavegatti Denise , De Moura Luiz Henrique
Published: April 2016

Objetivo: Evaluar los índices antropométricos, los niveles de presión arterial y resultados de análisis hematológicos de la población vegetariana del municipio de Ji-Paraná, Rondônia.

Método: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo y cuantitativo, de corte transversal, con muestra compuesta por 65 personas vegetarianas.
 
Resultados: Se identificó 61,6% de eutróficos, 69,2% con circunferencia abdominal dentro de los parámetros normales, 92,3% presentaron niveles de presión arterial normales y 26,2% fueron clasificados como anémicos. Más del 60% de los vegetarianos presentaron niveles plasmáticos de colesterol (Total y LDL) y calcio dentro de los parámetros normales. Lo mismo se observó en relación a los triglicéridos (81,4%), glicemia (96,9%), proteínas totales (93,9%) y albúmina (100%).

Conclusión: Se concluye que la alimentación vegetariana diversificada puede proporcionar beneficios a la salud del ser humano.
Relación del Control Glucémico, Función Cognitiva y las Funciones Ejecutivas en el Adulto Mayor con Diabetes Tipo 2: Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Miranda-Fèlix Patricia Enedina , Valles-Ortiz Patricia Magdalena , Ortiz-Félix Rosario Edith
Published: April 2016

Objetivo: Revisar la evidencia disponible que demuestre la relación que existe entre el control glucémico, función cognitiva y las funciones ejecutivas en el AM con DT2.
 
Métodos: La búsqueda de la literatura se realizó en idioma inglés y español, en 14 bases de datos, Open acces, y en el buscador Google. En base al modelo propuesto por Cooper (2007), para la síntesis de la literatura. Los estudios fueron evaluados para su validez, a través de la guía CASPe para estudios de casos y controles.

Resultados: Se analizaron 11estudios de correlación, el 100% de los estudios mostró relación del control glucémico con el deterioro cognitivo y la función ejecutiva en AM con DT2. Los estudios concuerdan que los AM con DT2 presentan deterioro cognitivo, comparado con los AM sin DT2, por lo tanto existe déficit en el AM al realizar las funciones ejecutivas.

Conclusiones: Según la evidencia disponible existe una relación significativa en el control glucémico y el deterioro cognitivo en el AM con DT2, así mismo un menor desempeño en la movilidad funcional y la fluidez verbal.
Intervenções de enfermagem para pacientes com disfunção erétil após prostatectomia radical: revisão integrativa
Authors: Appoloni Eduardo Aline Helena , Napoleão Anamaria Alves , Carvalho Emilia Campos de
Published: April 2016

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las intervenciones de enfermería en pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía radical. Se trata de una revisión integradora guiada por la pregunta "¿Cuáles son las intervenciones de enfermería dirigidas a pacientes con disfunción eréctil después de una prostatectomía radical?" buscado en PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Library, LILACS y en la lista de las referencias de los artículos seleccionados. Compusieron la muestra final 10 artículos y 43 intervenciones de enfermería fueron identificadas y agrupadas en 10 categorías. Las intervenciones de enfermería para pacientes con disfunción eréctil después de prostatectomía radical se centraron en la educación sobre la naturaleza de la disfunción eréctil, el tratamiento y la sexualidad; además de fortalecer el compromiso de las esposas durante el proceso de abordaje y tratamiento de la disfunción. Estas intervenciones pueden ser útiles para que las enfermeras puedan actuar durante el seguimiento de estos pacientes, proporcionando una mejor calidad de vida y bienestar.
Évaluation de la durée d’inoculation d’un biofiltre granulaire de pouzzolane à partir des souches indigènes de bactéries et de levures isolées d’effluent d’industrie de caoutchouc
Authors: Ndi Koungou Sylvère , Nsoe Mengue Jean-Jacques Nestor , Kofa Guillaume Patrice , Bessalla Pie Essono , Amba Victoria , Kayem Joseph George
Published: April 2016

Le pouvoir épuratoire d’un biofiltre granulaire dépend du temps nécessaire pour que les microorganismes se fixent dans le lit granulaire. Ce temps dépend non seulement des microorganismes, mais également des facteurs environnementaux tels que le pH. Cette étude a consisté à étudier l’influence du pH sur le temps nécessaire à quatre souches microbiennes isolées des effluents d’une usine de production de caoutchouc naturel à se fixer dans un lit granulaire de pouzzolane. Deux types de levures (LR et LB) et deux types de bactéries (BB et BC) ont été fixés sur les grains de pouzzolane ayant une taille de 300-400 µm. Les tests ont été réalisés dans une colonne en PVC (hauteur 1 m, diamètre interne 6 cm). Après la caractérisation hydrodynamique du lit, les essais de fixation des microorganismes dans le lit ont été réalisés, à différents pH (4, 5, 6 pour les levures et 5, 7, 9 pour les bactéries) et à débit d’écoulement constant 2,6 mL∙s‑1. L’étude de l’hydrodynamique montre que le régime d’écoulement dans la colonne est laminaire et l’écoulement est de type piston. La porosité du lit granulaire est de 0,64. Le pH 5 est celui qui se prête le mieux à la fixation des souches BC et BB avec un taux de rétention de 74 ± 2 % pour BC, et 79 ± 1 % pour BB. Cette rétention est réalisée après 28 h pour la souche BC et 25 h pour la souche BB. Cependant, à pH 9 on observe une diminution de 20 % de la quantité retenue et un relargage des souches du lit à partir de la 30e heure d’opération. Une durée de 25 h est nécessaire pour une fixation maximale des souches LB et LR. Un pH entre 5 et 6 génère le meilleur taux de rétention (80 ± 4 %), mais à pH 4 on assiste à un décrochage des levures à partir de la 20e heure d’opération.
Le remake secret : généalogie et perspectives d’une fiction théorique
Authors: Martin Marie
Published: April 2016

Cet article expose la construction d’un cas particulier d’hypertextualité filmique qui, sous le nom de « remakesecret », entend rendre compte d’un type de réécriture indexée sur leTraumarbeit : un film source est refait par un film second qui, selon une logique onirique de condensation, de déplacement et de figurabilité, en fait apparaître la part traumatique latente ou refoulée. Inscrite dans le prolongement des travaux d’Anat Zanger (2007) et de Jean-François Buiré (2005), la notion, qui assume d’être une fiction théorique, produit de la spectature, est élaborée par l’auteure à partir des concepts de « figure » de Martin Lefebvre (1997) et de « travail du film » de Thierry Kuntzel (1975). Une étude de cas actualise le modèle : bien qu’adaptation de roman,The Grifters(Les arnaqueurs, Stephen Frears, 1990) est analysé commeremakesecret dePsycho(Psychose, Alfred Hitchcock, 1960), reprenant en la déguisant la figure du meurtre sous la douche pour mieux rejouer et accuser, au niveau dramatique et figuratif, les complexes psychiques qui la fondent.
Figure(s) de sang : amours secrètes, troubles fratries et « miscégénation » dans The Searchers, The Unforgiven et The Missing
Authors: Mellier Denis
Published: April 2016

Sorti quatre ans après The Searchers (La prisonnière du désert, 1956), de John Ford, The Unforgiven (Le vent de la plaine, 1960), de John Huston, traite également des thèmes de la famille, des amours interdites et de la « miscégénation ». Au-delà des ressemblances attribuables à l’imaginaire des romans homonymes d’Alan LeMay que ces deux oeuvres adaptent, une circulation de motifs et d’arguments fonde un dialogue objectivable entre les deux films. Cet échange semble se poursuivre dans The Missing (Les disparues, 2002), de Ron Howard, où les mêmes éléments sont présents, mais déplacés et reformulés. Cet article examine la façon dont une figure, comprise comme un réseau de motifs et d’associations, permet une forme de reprise implicite conditionnant des effets de lecture complexes. Cette circulation figurale se distingue des formes de la réflexivité et de l’intertextualité ou du jeu avec les conventions d’un matériau générique. À l’intérieur de l’imaginaire du genre, le secret et l’implicite font émerger un sens jouant de libres associations, d’effets de mémoire et d’imagination. Il s’agit alors de s’interroger sur ce processus d’émergence dans le cadre d’une pensée de la généalogie des films qui ne saurait se limiter, sans pour autant les méconnaître, à leurs relations objectivées de reprises et d’influences.
Les répliques d’une explosion (carambolages et remake de soi dans Death Proof de Quentin Tarantino)
Authors: Aubron Hervé
Published: April 2016

Quentin Tarantino est souvent abordé à travers les prismes de l’érudition cinéphile et du jeu citationnel : la notion de « remake secret » représente un moyen de l’envisager par-delà sa seule virtuosité. Son film Death Proof (Boulevard de la mort / À l’épreuve de la mort, 2007) est particulièrement riche en jalons référentiels, l’un des plus nets étant Vanishing Point (Point limite zéro, 1971), de Richard Sarafian. Cette illustre production de série B partageait bien des figures avec Zabriskie Point, de Michelangelo Antonioni, sorti un an auparavant. Sarafian pourrait-il être un intercesseur entre Antonioni et Tarantino ? Un autre indice permet en effet de concevoir Death Proof comme un remake secret de Zabriskie Point : au mitan du film de Tarantino, une collision automobile, reprise sous plusieurs angles et au ralenti, évoque les derniers plans du film d’Antonioni, leur boucle autour d’une villa qui explose. Peut-on refaire, rejouer une explosion sur le mode de la réplique — au sens de la copie, de la réponse, mais aussi de la secousse sismique ?
Médiatisation et hiérarchisation du militantisme. Le cas d’un collectif de désobéissance civile
Authors: Cervera-Marzal Manuel
Published: April 2016

À partir d’une enquête de terrain au sein d’une organisation française de désobéissance civile et d’entretiens semi-directifs avec des journalistes qui ont couvert ses actions, cet article interroge les rapports entre militantisme et médias. Il montre que la médiatisation de l’organisation contestataire étudiée entretient de fortes interactions avec sa structuration interne. L’omniprésence des journalistes contribue à hiérarchiser les rapports entre militants en consolidant la domination du leader sur le reste du groupe et celle des salariés sur les bénévoles. Ce processus alimente la personnalisation de l’organisation et renforce les rétributions matérielles et symboliques attachées à la position de leader.
Le vote à l’Élection d’à côté
Authors: Labbé St-Vincent Simon , Blais André
Published: April 2016

Nous avons mené une expérience électorale hors laboratoire. Un total de 1065 citoyens du Québec ont voté en ligne lors de six élections, six jours consécutifs, sous deux différents systèmes électoraux au cours de la campagne électorale provinciale au Québec en mars et avril 2014. Les électeurs devaient choisir entre les six principaux partis provinciaux. Afin qu’ils considèrent avec sérieux les résultats de nos élections, nous offrions un incitatif « hybride » basé partiellement sur leur appréciation « naturelle » de chaque parti et partiellement sur le succès de leurs partis préférés à l’élection. Également, plus ils participaient à une grande proportion des élections, plus ils étaient récompensés. Cet incitatif consistait en des points, chaque point donnant une chance de gagner un des six prix de 1000 $. L’objectif principal de l’étude était de comparer le vote entre deux systèmes électoraux, le système pluralitaire et le système proportionnel. La règle proportionnelle est basée sur le quota de Hare qui est appliqué à trois circonscriptions de quatre sièges. Sous le système pluralitaire, il y a douze circonscriptions avec un siège chacune. Nous trouvons davantage de désertions stratégiques sous le système pluralitaire, mais la différence est petite. De façon plus surprenante, nous observons un effet d’entraînement (ralliement au parti le plus fort) de même importance que la tendance à la désertion stratégique. En conclusion, nous discutons des avantages et des limites des expériences hors laboratoire.
La guerre civile « transfrontalière » : note introductive et provisoire sur les fortunes contemporaines de la guerre civile
Authors: Batchom1 Paul Elvic
Published: April 2016

La littérature consacrée à la guerre a souvent clivé les types de guerres entre celles dites classiques et celles dites civiles. Cette dernière catégorie se fonde sur son théâtre qui est le territoire d’un État et l’opposition entre un gouvernement et un groupe rebelle. Quoique consacrée, cette dichotomie ne résiste plus à l’épreuve des types de menaces nouvelles qui voient le jour ; notamment en Afrique où des groupes rebelles, encouragés par les solidarités transfrontalières claniques, ethniques, culturelles et autres, en font une ressource dans la guerre contre plusieurs gouvernements à la fois. L’insurrection de Boko Haram à la frontière camerouno-nigériane rend raison de cette logique. Cette réflexion vise à remettre en question la pertinence de la catégorie guerre civile souvent fortement liée au territoire d’un État, et à inviter à une analyse des fortunes contemporaines de la guerre civile.