bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Looking Back on 35 Years of Industrial Catalysis
Authors: Blaser Hans-Ulrich
Published: August 2015

This article is an account of my 35 years in the Basel Chemical Industry, starting in 1976 as a young research chemist in the Central Research Laboratories of Ciba-Geigy until my retirement as Chief Scientific Officer of Solvias in 2011. In the first section, important aspects of industrial
research are commented from my personal point of view with particular emphasis on the importance of team work and the situation of catalysis in the (Swiss) fine chemicals industry. In the next sections, the three most important areas of catalytic research are described where my colleagues
and I could not only solve specific Ciba-Geigy / Novartis / Solvias problems, but also developed industrially relevant, generally applicable catalytic methodologies and contributed to the understanding of these complex catalytic transformations: i) Catalytic C–C and C–N coupling
catalysis where we developed highly efficient catalysts for the Heck, Suzuki, Buchwald-Hartwig reactions; ii) Hydrogenations using modified heterogeneous catalysts, especially the chemoselective reduction of functionalized nitro arenes and the enantioselective hydrogenation of substituted
ketones using Pt catalysts modified with chinchona alkaloids where mechanistic studies led to a working understanding of this fascinating reaction; iii) Enantioselective homogeneous hydrogenation and chiral ligands. The process development for the production of (S)-metolachlor, an important
herbicide via an iridium–Josiphos catalyzed C=N hydrogenation is described in some detail, followed by a brief description how the Solvias Ligand Portfolio was developed.
Challenges and Rewards in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Neidhart Werner , Schulz-Gasch Tanja , Ruf Armin , Nettekoven Matthias , Märki Hans Peter , Kuhn Bernd , Hunziker Daniel , Conte Aurelia , Amrein Kurt , Ackermann Jean , Mayweg Alexander V.
Published: August 2015

Medicinal chemistry has been transformed by major technological and conceptual innovations over the last three decades: structural biology and bioinformatics, structure and property based molecular design, the concepts of multidimensional optimization (MDO), in silico and experimental
high-throughput molecular property analysis. The novel technologies advanced gradually and in synergy with biology and Roche has been at the forefront. Applications in drug discovery programs towards new medicines in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are highlighted to show impact and
advancement: the early discovery of endothelin antagonists for endothelial dysfunction (Bosentan), 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11?-HSD1) inhibitors for dysregulated cellular glucocorticoid tonus (type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome) and non-covalent hormone sensitive lipase
(HSL) inhibitors to study the scope of direct inhibition of lipolysis in the conceptual frame of lipotoxicity and type 2 diabetes.
What Makes Us Smell: The Biochemistry of Body Odour and the Design of New Deodorant Ingredients
Authors: Natsch Andreas
Published: August 2015

Today, axilla odours are socially stigmatized and are targeted with deodorants and antiperspirants representing a multi-billion market. Axilla odours aren't simple byproducts of our metabolism but specifically formed by an intricate interplay between i) specific glands, ii) secreted
amino acid conjugates of highly specific odorants and iii) selective enzymes present in microorganisms colonizing our skin, providing a natural 'controlled-release' mechanism. Within a multidisciplinary research project, we were able to elucidate the structure of key body odorants, isolate
and characterize secreted amino acid conjugates and identify the enzymes responsible for odour release. These enzymes then served as targets for the development of specific active compounds in an almost medicinal chemistry approach, an approach rarely used in the cosmetic field so far. Here
we review the key new insights into the biochemistry of human body odour formation, with some remarks on the experimental steps undertaken and hurdles encountered. The development of deodorant actives and the difficult path to market for such specifically acting cosmetic actives is discussed.
The basic insights into the biochemistry also opened the way to address some questions in population genetics: Why have large proportions of Asians lost the 'ability' to form body odours? Do twins smell the same? Are our typical body odours indeed influenced by the immune system as often claimed?
After addressing these questions, I'll conclude with the key remaining challenges in this field on an ecological niche that is 'anatomically very close to our heart'.
Contributions of Biomolecular NMR to Allosteric Drug Discovery
Authors: Skora Lukasz , Jahnke Wolfgang
Published: August 2015

Drug discovery is a complex process, and a variety of technologies contribute to its success. Biophysical methods have gained widespread attention within the last decade, and in particular NMR spectroscopy as the most versatile biophysical method has seen numerous applications and significant
impact to drug discovery. Here we summarize the potential of NMR to support drug discovery, and highlight a number of recent applications.
Sedaxane, Isopyrazam and Solatenol™: Novel Broad-spectrum Fungicides Inhibiting Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH) – Synthesis Challenges and Biological Aspects
Authors: Walter Harald , Tobler Hans , Gribkov Denis , Corsi Camilla
Published: August 2015

Sedaxane (SDX) 1, isopyrazam (IZM) 2 and Solatenol™ (STL) 3 are broad-spectrum pyrazole carboxamides, which originate from novel chemical classes of fungicides. Their mode of action (MoA) is inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), which was recognized
for a long time to deliver only compounds with a narrow biological spectrum. This view changed with the market introduction of BASF's boscalid in 2003. All major agro-companies subsequently worked in parallel on this MoA successfully and recently introduced new compounds to the market. Syngenta
entered the SDHI area in 1998 and was able to introduce three complementary compounds to the market between 2010 and 2012. In this short review some synthesis challenges and biological effects of SDX 1, IZM 2 and STL 3 will be covered. New cost-efficient synthesis strategies for the
preparation of o-biscyclopropyl-aniline, new benzonorbornene intermediates and the key pyrazole carboxylic acid intermediate which is essential for all three Syngenta SDHIs, will be in the focus of this review
Metal Complexes and Medicine: A Successful Combination
Authors: Gasser Gilles
Published: August 2015

Since the start of our independent research at the Department of Chemistry of the University of Zurich in 2009, our group has been, among other topics, working on the use of metal complexes in medicinal chemistry. In this short review article, we highlight our recent achievements in
the use of such compounds to fight the parasitic disease schistosomiasis.
PAT at the Universities of Applied Sciences
Authors: Dabros Michal , Vorlet Olivier , Marti Roger , Riedl Wolfgang , Grundler Gerhard , Vaccari Aldo , Zinn Manfred , Ecker Achim , Hinderling Christian
Published: August 2015

An overview of activities in the field of Process Analytical Technologies (PAT) at the Universities of Applied Sciences in Switzerland is presented
International Conference on Contaminated Sediments – ContaSed 2015 8–13 March 2015, Monte Verità, Ascona, Switzerland
Authors: Chiaia-Hernandez Aurea C. , Giger Walter
Published: August 2015

About 80 participants from 22 countries from industry and academia gathered at the International Conference on Contaminated Sediments (ContaSed 2015) held at the Congressi Stefano Franscini (CSF), the conference center of ETH Zurich, located at Monte Verità, Ascona, Switzerland.
ContaSed 2015 provided a platform for top experts as well as for junior researchers from different scientific disciplines to present recent results and novel approaches on the analysis, assessment and remediation of contaminated sediments. ContaSed 2015 served as a unique communication and
discussion opportunity for environmental scientists with an emphasis on chemistry, sedimentology, ecotoxicology or remediation engineering.
FOREST RESOURCE INCOME VARIATION IN MID-HILLS OF NEPAL: A CASE STUDY FROM TWO CFUGS OF PARBAT DISTRICT, NEPAL
Authors: Paudel Ganesh
Published: August 2015

Inequality persists in Nepali society and various source of income including forest resource contributes to it. This study was conducted in two CFUGs of the Parbat district, Nepal and examines the variability in the forest resource income at the household level. Focus group discussion, Key informants survey and Household survey methods were employed to collect the primary data and random sample of 120 respondents were surveyed. Along with simple mathematical calculations statistical test ANOVA was performed for data analysis. Rich categories of users derive significantly more income from the CF than the middle and poor categories of users although being the larger share of CF income to the total forest income for poor users. The CF income also varies with the sex of the household head and caste of the users in absolute terms but not significant. The Gini coefficient of the income distribution is found 0.48, 0.34 and 0.31 for CF income, Private trees income and total forest income respectively. It is recommended to the CFUGs that the benefit sharing should be in the equitable basis for the sustainable use of the resources. International Journal of EnvironmentVolume-4, Issue-3, June-August 2015Page: 1-10
Yield of Boro rice under system of rice intensification with different water regimes and manural status
Authors: Rahman MJ , Biswas PK , Amin AKM R , Zahan A
Published: August 2015

A field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from December, 2011 to May, 2012 to study the yield of Boro rice under system of rice intensification (SRI) with different water regimes and manural status. The experiment consisted of two factors as three water regime viz., waterlogged condition (W1), saturated condition (W2) and alternate wet and dry condition (W3) in the main plots, and six manure and fertilizer combinations viz., cowdung 100% (F1), compost 100% (F2), chemical fertilizer 100% (F3), 50% chemical fertilizer + 25% compost + 25% cowdung (F4), 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% cowdung (F5) and 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% compost (F6) in the sub-plots. Water regime had significant effect on yield and yield components except number of effective tillers m-2, filled grains panicle-1, weight of 1000-grain and harvest index. The highest grain yield (5.74 t ha-1) was obtained from the waterlogged condition that was statistically similar with saturated condition (5.69), whereas  alternate wet and dry (AWD) gave the lowest grain yield (4.36 t ha-1). Manural status also significantly influenced yield attributes except 1000-grains weight. The combination of chemical fertilizer, cowdung and compost showed the best performance compared to other manural status. The highest grain yield (5.81 t ha-1) was obtained from chemical fertilizer 50% + cowdung 25% + compost 25% and the lowest grain yield (4.71 t ha-1) was obtained from compost 100%. The highest number of effective tillers hill-1 (33.71) was obtained from compost 100%. Chemical fertilizer 50% + cowdung 25% + compost 25% showed the highest harvest index (46.78%). In case of interaction effect of water regime and manural status the highest grain yield was observed in chemical fertilizer 50% + cowdung 25% + compost 25% of saturated condition (6.80 t ha-1).Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 1-8
Productivity of potato - hybrid maize relay cropping system as influenced by fertilizer dose
Authors: Hoque AKM S , Islam MN , Hossain MH , Khan MAH
Published: August 2015

The experiment was conducted at research field of Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Comilla during November 2012 to June 2013 with a view to find out economic fertilizer dose for potato- hybrid maize relay cropping system. The potato variety BARI Alu-7 and the maize variety BARI Hybrid Maize-7 were used. Seven fertilizer combinations viz. T1= Farmers fertilizer dose of potato (FFDP) + without additional fertilizer for maize (WAFM), T2= FFDP + 100% N of recommended fertilizer dose of hybrid maize (RFDM), T3= FFDP + 100% N & 25% others of RFDM, T4= FFDP + 100% N & 50% others of RFDM, T5= Recommended fertilizer dose of potato (RFDP) +100% N of RFDM, T6= RFDP +100% N & 25% others of RFDM and T7= RFDP +100% N & 50% others of RFDM were tested on potato-hybrid maize relay cropping system. Farmers fertilizer dose for potato was 504-162-309 kg ha-1 NPK. Recommended fertilizer dose for potato and hybrid maize was 198-44-194-24-6-1.2 kg ha-1 NPKSZnB and 255-55-140-40-6-2 kgha-1 NPKSZnB, respectively. The highest potato equivalent yield (37.80 t ha-1) and gross return (4,53,600 Tk. ha-1) were obtained from T3 treatment. But the maximum gross margin (Tk. 3,03,075 Tk. ha-1) was found from treatment T1 and the highest benefit cost ratio (3.14) was observed in T5 whichwas close to T1 (3.06) and T6 (3.0) .The results revealed that recommended fertilizer dose of potato and 100% N from recommended fertilizer dose of hybrid maize might be used for potato hybrid maize relay cropping system for getting higher economic return at Comilla region.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 9-13
Effect of preceding rabi crops on yield of succeeding Deshi and Tossa jute
Authors: Khan MA , Hossain SMA , Jahiruddin M , Salim M , Hossain MA
Published: August 2015

An experiment was conducted at the Jute Research Regional Station, Kishoreganj of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, during 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 to find out the effects of preceding crops, viz. wheat, potato, lentil, and fallow on yield of succeeding jute crops. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The results revealed that plant height and base diameter of CVL-1 and O-9897 were not affected significantly by the preceding rabi crops. The fibre and stick yields of both the jute varieties were affected significantly. The highest fibre yield of CVL-1 (3.90 t ha-1 and 3.77 t ha-1) and O-9897 (3.51 t ha-1 and 2.93 t ha-1) was recorded when those were grown after potato and the yield was the lowest when grown after wheat and fallow land in both the years. There was no sharp variation in harvest index, which showed inconsistent between the years.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 15-19
Yield potential of garden pea varieties at varied harvesting dates
Authors: Haque SR , Akter N , Khan MAH , Kabir K , Islam MM
Published: August 2015

A field experiment was carried out at the experimental field of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur during November 2008 through April 2009 to find out the performance of different pea varieties at different harvesting time. The treatments consisted of two factors, which were four harvesting times (70, 80, 90 and 100 days after sowing) and six varieties of garden pea (IPSA Motor shuti-1, IPSA Motor shuti-2, IPSA Motor shuti-3, BARI Motor shuti-1, BARI Motor shuti-3 and Local white). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The maximum pod yield (11.42 t ha-1) was obtained from BARI Motor shuti-1 harvesting at 80 days after sowing which was statistically similar to IPSA Motor shuti-2  harvesting at 80 days after sowing and Local white at same harvesting date and superior to the rest of the treatment combination. The lowest pod yield (5.25 t ha-1) was produced by BARI Motor shuti-1 harvesting at 70 days after sowing.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 21-28
Evaluation of tillage and planting system of upland crops during dry season
Authors: Bashar HMK , Hasan GN , Sarker JU , Rahaman F , Uddin I
Published: August 2015

Upland crops cultivation in the south central coastal area of Bangladesh is limited due to heavy textured soil with late recession of flood water and early flash flood by heavy rainfall  The present study was designed to find out tillage requirement and suitable planting system for upland crops.. Number of tillage (two to four passes) was evaluated along with two planting systems viz., bed and flat planting systems using four crops like, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), brinjal (S. melongena L.), bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) The crops showed that increased fruit yield with increasing number of tillage in both planting system. But bed planting system produced higher fruit yield (brinjal 67.73 t ha-1, tomato 85.33 t ha-1, bittergourd  41.8 t ha-1 and cucumber  25.8 t ha-1) than flat planting system. Another, bed planting helped to escape crop damage by early heavy rainfall in all crops.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 29-37
Productivity and economics of mixed intercropping of potato with other short duration vegetables
Authors: Shaheb MR , Nazrul MI
Published: August 2015

Mixed cropping has proven to be a useful approach to maximizing the crop productivity. Now a day, poverty alleviation of resource poor farmers is an important issue in Bangladesh and hence, mixed cropping system can be helpful to food security as well as to reduce poverty. The experiment was carried out at Moulvibazar and Sylhet districts during 2011-12 and 2012-13 to find out the agronomic performance of mixed intercropping of potato with different short duration vegetables crop and to increase the cropping intensity and profitability of the farmers in Sylhet region. The trial was conducted following RCB design with six dispersed replications. There were five treatments: T1: sole potato (100%), T2: potato (100%) + bush bean (50%), T3: potato (100%) + garden pea (50%), T4: potato (100%) + radish (50%) and T5: potato (100%) + bush bean (25%) + garden pea (15%) + radish (10%) used in the trial. Results revealed that the highest equivalent yields of potato 37.09 and 35.37 t ha-1 were recorded in potato (100%) + radish (50%) mixed intercropping system from Moulvibazar and Sylhet, respectively. Cost benefit analysis also  showed that  highest gross returns Tk. 3,70,910 and 3,53,690 and net returns Tk. 2,65,710 and 2,48,490 and benefic benefit cost ratio 3.53 and 3.36 were recorded in the same treatment combination in both locations, respectively. So, 100% potato with 50% radish intercropping system may be recommended as profitable mixed intercropping system in Sylhet region.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 39-46
Performance of sweet gourd as relay with transplanted aman rice under rainfed ecosystem in Sylhet region
Authors: Nazrul MI , Shaheb MR
Published: August 2015

This study was carried out to evaluate the economic benefits of sweet gourd relay with transplanted aman rice under farmers field condition at Farming System Research and Development (FSRD) site, Jalalpur and Multi Location Testing (MLT) site, Zakigonj of Sylhet region during 2012-2013 and 2013-2014. The treatment combinations T1: T. aman rice / sweet gourd (var. Mollika), T2: T. aman rice / sweet gourd (var. Hatirpara) local, T3: Sweet gourd (var. Mollika) sole, T4: Sweet gourd (var. Hatirpara) sole and T5: T. aman rice sole (var. Binadhan-7) was maintained. The study was based in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with six dispersed replications. Results in terms of the crops yield, rice equivalent yield, gross return and net return with benefit cost ratio showed higher in sweet gourd / transplanted aman rice relay cropping system. So, sweet gourd  relayed with  transplanted aman rice could be an economically viable technology, instead of sole cropping, for  best utilization of fallow land with residual soil moisture in Sylhet region.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 47-53
Four crops based cropping pattern studies for increasing cropping intensity and productivity in Rajshahi region of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain I , Mondal MRI , Islam MJ , Aziz MA , Khan ASM MR , Begum F
Published: August 2015

A field trial was conducted at the Regional Wheat Research Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Rajshahi to study the comparative agronomic performance and economic return of four crops based cropping patterns. The cropping patterns were as follows: CP1= Transplanted Aman rice (cv. Binadhan-7)Mustard (cv. BARI Sarisha14)Boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan28)  Transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija); CP2= T. Aman ricePotato (cv. Diamont)Boro riceT.Aus rice; CP3=T. Aman riceMustard (cv. BARI Sarisha15)Mungbean (cv. BARI Mung 6) T. Aus rice and CP4 = T. Aman riceFallowBoro riceFallow (Control). The results showed that four crops could be grown successfully one after another in a sequence in the field with three crops patterns.  The highest rice equivalent yield (REY) 25.62 t ha-1 was obtained from the cropping pattern CP2 (T. Aman ricePotatoBoro riceT.Aus rice) and it was followed by CP1 (18.49) and CP3 (16.03) during one year crops cycle. The highest gross margin Tk. 148882 ha-1 was also obtained from CP2  followed by CP3 (Tk. 133315 ha-1). The highest MBCR (2.24) was however, obtained from the cropping pattern CP3 (T. AmanMustard MungbeanT. Aus).  Based on overall yield performance, economic benefit and climatic situation of Rajshahi region it may be concluded that CP3 was the best pattern than others.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 55-60
Growth and yield of wheat varieties under raised bed system
Authors: Hossain MI , Mondal MRI , Barma NCD , Hakim MA , Islam MJ
Published: August 2015

A two-year experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2012-13 and 2013-14 at the Regional Wheat Research Centre (RWRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Rajshahi. Recently released six varieties like Shatabdi, Bijoy, Prodip, BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26 and BARI Gom 27 were evaluated under raised bed system in randomized complete block design with three replications. The varieties were evaluated for yield, and yield components with some phenological and physiological parameters. The effects of raised bed system over two years were significant for all the parameters. The highest mean yield over tillage method (among the tested varieties) was produced by varieties BARI Gom 27 and Shatabdi followed by BARI Gom 26 and Bijoy varieties. These varieties produced satisfactory yields in raised bed methods. The lowest yielder varieties were Prodip and BARI Gom 25. Considering the overall growth, yield and other characters of three varieties like BARI Gom 27, Shatabdi and Bijoy have been provisionally selected at Rajshahi region as well as in wheat growing areas in Bangladesh.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 61-66
Effect of planting density on the performance of boro rice (BRRI dhan28)
Authors: Mahmud AM , Ali MY , Quddus KG , Parvin S
Published: August 2015

A field experiment was conducted at the Agrotechnology Field Laboratory of Khulna University during the boro season to evaluate the effect of planting density on the performance of rice variety BRRI dhan28. The experiment received twelve treatments, which were divided into two distinct patterns - single row and paired row. The single row had four treatments and paired row had eight treatments. Planting densities were 40, 27, 20 and 16 hills m-2. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Standard management practices were followed in raising crops. Results revealed that closer spacing produced higher yields where 40 hills m-2 produced the most (4.81 t ha-1), which was statistically similar with that of 27 hills   m-2. Paired row planting showed better performance than single row planting. Plant height, grains panicle-1, sterile spikelets panicle-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield were found better in paired row planting. Paired row planting at a spacing of (35 cm + 15 cm) × 10 cm  i.e row to row distance is 35 cm & 15 cm and hill to hill distance is 10 cm; found the highest grain yield (4.81 t ha-1) and the lowest yield (2.97 t ha-1) was found in single row using a spacing of 25 cm × 25 cm.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 67-76
Performance of BARI developed USG applicator in boro rice field
Authors: Rahaman MA , Rahman MM , Uddin MM , Ahmed M , Roy S
Published: August 2015

A trial was conducted at the FSRD site, Elenga and MLT site, Ghatail, Tangail during 2011-12 and 2012-13 to test the performance of the BARI developed USG applicator in boro rice and to find out the economic performance of the USG applicator in the farmers field. The BARI developed USG applicator was tested against the USG application by hand and the conventional method of granular urea application. The average higher grain yield (7.05 t ha-1 and 7.07 t ha-1) of two years were obtained from the plot of USG application with BARI applicator in the both locations, respectively   The highest gross return (120410 Tk. ha-1 & 20290 Tk. ha-1) and gross margin (64346 Tk. ha-1 and 62164 Tk. ha-1) during 1011-12 and 2012-13 were obtained from the plots treated with USG by BARI applicator at the FSRD site Elenga and MLT site Ghatail,  respectively. Field efficiency of BARI USG applicator and hand application was 0.12   hah-1 and 0.027 hah-1, respectively. BARI USG applicator saved time 77.65% compared to that of hand application of USG  in boro rice field. It also saved labor cost against the USG application by hand and reduces 33% urea over the granular urea application in conventional method.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 77-81
Performance of sweet potato varieties in hilly area
Authors: Shaheenuzzamn M , Saha RR , Biswas A , Islam MS
Published: August 2015

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Hill Tract Agricultural Research Station. Ramgarh, Khagrachari during Rabi season of 2012-2013 and 2013-14. Five different sweet potato varieties (BARI Sweetpotato-6, BARI Sweetpotato-7, BARI Sweetpotato-8, BARI Swwetpotato-9 and local cultivar were included as treatment variables in the experiment. BARI Sweetpotato-7 had significantly more number of vines (8.30) as compared to local cultivar and other new varieties such as BARI Sweetpotato-6, BARI Sweetpotato-8 and BARI Sweetpotato-9. Maximum number of tuber plant-1 (5.4 and 5.3), tuber length (15.30 and 15.80 cm), tuber diameter (5.10 and 5.20 cm), individual tuber weight (368.35 and 377.69 g) and tuber yield (19.89 and 20.13 t ha-1) was recorded from BARI Sweetpotato-9 during 2012-13 and 2013-14, respectively whereas local cultivar gave minimum values. The variety BARI Sweetpotato-9 out yielded local cultivar by 108.93 and 103.13 % during two consecutive years but  highest net income (3,10,818 and 3, 15,617 Tk. ha-1) from  BARI Sweetpotato-7Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 83-87
Physical characteristics of jackfruit at different harvesting times
Authors: Irin IJ , Haque MA , Rabbani MG , Biswas PK
Published: August 2015

An experiment was conducted at the Jackfruit Research Project, Horticulture farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from December 2002 to July 2003 with the objectives to determine the physical characteristics of three types of jackfruit at different harvesting time vis a vis  appropriate time of harvest of them. Physical craracteristics of three types indicated that bulb weight (%) decreased and rind weight (%) increased at later stages of harvesting. The bulb of Ghila was very soft at early harvesting stage but firm at late harvesting. The edible portion was found to be the highest (59.95%) in mid harvesting time and Dorosha type gave the maximum (55.21%). The fruits of late harvesting time had viviparous seed. Early and mid harvesting times were found to be better in all three types of Jackfruit and Ghila was found to be superior.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 89-94
Effect of NPK and plant extracted pyroligneous acid on yield of Boro rice
Authors: Masum SM , Ali MH , Chowdhury IF , Mandal MSH , Haque MN
Published: August 2015

Abstract not availableBangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 95-97
Tangeretin inhibits IL-1β induced proliferation of rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts and the production of COX-2, PGE2 and MMPs via modulation of p38 MAPK/ERK/JNK pathways
Authors: Li Yong-Ji , Zhang Ting , Tu Jian-Xin , Li Gang , Zhou Yan
Published: August 2015

The study aimed to determine the effect of tangeretin in inhibiting the interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced proliferation of RASFs and suppression of the production of inflammatory mediators. RASFs were isolated from synovial tissue obtained from patients with RA during knee arthroscopy. The cells were exposed to IL‑1β (1.0 ng/mL) and/ or tangeretin (50 or 100 µM). Cell viability was assessed following treatments. Expressions of MMPs and COX-2 were analysed by real-time PCR and western blotting. Production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by RASFs were analysed by ELISA. Expressions of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) were assessed by western blotting. Tangeretin significantly inhibited the proliferation of RASFs, as well as down-regulated the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3 and COX-2 mRNA and protein and also the phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and JNK. Raised level of expression of NF-κB and PGE2 induced by IL-1β was reduced by tangeretin. Results indicate that tangeretin was effective in inhibiting the synovial fibroblast proliferation, as well regulated MMPs, COX-2, PGE2 via modulation of p38 MAPK, ERK and JNK pathways.  

 
Multimodal Analgesia for Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Halawi Mohamad J. , Grant Stuart A. , Bolognesi Michael P.
Published: August 2015

Optimal perioperative pain control for total joint arthroplasty remains a challenge. Whereas traditional regimens have relied heavily on opioids, newer multimodal pathways are increasingly gaining popularity as safer and more effective alternatives. The main premise of multimodal analgesia is decreased consumption of opioids, and hence lesser opioid-related adverse events. Other reported advantages include lower pain scores, faster functional recovery, higher patient satisfaction, and shorter length of hospital stay. Unfortunately, despite the advent of numerous analgesic techniques, the multimodal approach has remained widely variable, making direct comparison between studies difficult to interpret. This article provides an extensive review of traditional and modern perioperative interventions in pain management for total joint arthroplasty, including intravenous patient-controlled analgesia, epidural infusion, oral opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acetaminophen, peripheral nerve blocks, periarticular infiltration, steroids, anticonvulsants, and long-acting local anesthetics. Emphasis is placed on pathophysiology, clinical evidence, and timing. A standardized multimodal analgesia protocol is also proposed based on best available evidence. In addition to pharmacologic interventions, patient education and interdisciplinary collaboration among the care teams play an important role in the success of any treatment pathway. With a growing demand for total joint arthroplasty in an era of bundled payments and accountable care, there has never been a greater need for a standardized multimodal analgesia pathway. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(7):e616–e625.]
Traumatic Supraspinatus Tears in Patients Younger Than 25 Years
Authors: Dilisio Matthew F. , Noel Curtis R. , Noble Jeffrey S. , Bell Robert H.
Published: August 2015

Traumatic rotator cuff tears in patients younger than 25 years are rare events, with few reports in the literature. When compared with the more mature shoulder, the young, healthy supraspinatus tendon is a robust tendon that is able to absorb a significant amount of energy before tendon failure. Therefore, the diagnosis of a rotator cuff tear can be often overlooked in this population due to the patient’s age. This is a report of traumatic supraspinatus repairs in patients younger than 25 years. Nine patients younger than 25 years were identified with a posttraumatic supraspinatus tear as visualized during routine diagnostic shoulder arthroscopy. These 9 patients represented 0.33% of all rotator cuff repairs during a 9-year period. Average patient age was 19.1 years (±3.7 years; range, 13 to 25 years). Magnetic resonance imaging failed to diagnose a rotator cuff tear in 50% of the patients. Mean delay from injury to surgery was 6.6 months. All tears were arthroscopically repaired. Concomitant anterior instability pathology was demonstrated among 66.7% of the patients. No complications were reported. At latest follow-up, all patients reported minimal to no shoulder pain and were tolerating strenuous work, activities, and sports without significant complaints. Even with advanced imaging, the diagnosis of a rotator cuff tear can often be missed in this patient population. Although clinical outcomes can be good, care must be taken to broaden the diagnostic differential in young patients with posttraumatic shoulder pain. [
Orthopedics.
2015; 38(7):e631–e634.]
If the Gear Fits, Spin It!
Authors: Johnson-Glenberg Mina C. , Birchfield David A. , Megowan-Romanowicz Colleen , Snow Erica L.
Published: August 2015

Two embodied gears games were created. Better learners should use fewer gear switches to reflect their knowledge. Twenty–three 7th graders, playing as dyads, used gestures to manipulate virtual gears. The Kinect sensor tracked arm-spinning movements and switched gear diameters. Knowledge tests were administered. Statistically significant knowledge gains were seen. For Game 1 (gear spun one direction), switching significantly predicted only pretest knowledge. For Game 2 (gear spun two directions) switching was also negatively correlated with both tests. For game 2, those who used fewer switches during gameplay understood the construct better scoring higher on both tests. Dyadic analyses revealed the winner used significantly fewer switches. In-process data can provide a window onto knowledge as it is being encoded. However, games should stay within the learner's ZPD, because if the game is too easy (Game 1), meaningful data may be difficult to gather. The use of in ludo data from games with high sensitivity may attenuate the need for repetitive traditional, post-intervention tests.
Hourly Photovoltaics Power Output Prediction for Malaysia Using Support Vector Regression
Authors: Baharin Kyairul Azmi , Abd Rahman Hasimah , Hassan Mohammad Yusri , Gan Chin Kim
Published: August 2015

Reliable solar energy forecasting enables grid operators to manage the grid better as PV penetration level increases. This research explores the use of support vector regression to forecast hourly power output from a grid-connected PV system in Malaysia. Data is obtained from a grid-connected PV system that is equipped with a weather monitoring station. Three parameters are used as input to the forecast model; global irradiance, tilted irradiance and ambient temperature. Results were compared against a persistence model. The SVR model manages to forecast hourly power production with satisfactory accuracy.
Making STEM REAL: Real, Experiential, Active Learning: An Authentic Interdisciplinary Connection Between the “Schoolshed” and the Watershed
Authors: Levin Douglas , Dickerson Daniel
Published: August 2015

AbstractK-12 educators from Maryland's Eastern Shore traveled from the Chester River headwaters to the Chesapeake Bay aboard a research vessel analyzing sediment samples and using sonar to image its bottom and, incidentally, an 18th century shipwreck. Educators engaged
in 10 Professional Development Modules where they participated in activities such as building observation buoys that collect water quality data and designing, building, and operating underwater robots. Additional program components included issues investigation, agro-ecology, bird identification,
weather, and hands-on instruction to integrate the material into impact classroom content. The program strength lies in the cumulative knowledge gained by completing all of the components to get a holistic view of watershed exploration from the headwaters to the Bay. Consequently, the thread
for this program is that all educators are from schools within the Chester River Watershed, herein termed a schoolshed. Data were plotted on a school-available website and are further supported by http://www.crwo.org.
Shared resources were available for all of the teachers and delivered on demand so that the lessons could be implemented with classes on their school grounds. Independently contracted program evaluations were positive. All of the program's components are easily adapted to other watersheds
and are presently being repackaged as the Canyons to the Oceans program for the Oxnard California School District as the Coastal California Watershed Observatory. Since 2013, the program has been supported by the Maryland State Department of Education and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
Characterizing Complex Marine Systems and Technology Using Visualized Vocabularies
Authors: deCharon Annette , Smith Leslie M. , Companion Carla
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe next decade will usher in significant changes in ocean observational infrastructure and how students engage with marine sciences content. Faced with the challenge of helping undergraduate students make sense of very complicated marine systems, a computer sciences-based organizational structure (i.e., ontology) has been employed to characterize the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI). Five interlinked vocabularies that include terms, descriptions, and images define the overall system from high-level science themes to specialized data products. Given the importance of visual representations in learning, particularly for novices, an associated interactive tool called the “Vocabulary Navigator” has been developed. Created in tandem, the design of the vocabularies and their visualizer is based on principles related to the needs of the target audience such as placing information in a broader context and promoting self-directed discovery. Overall, this effort has resulted in not only innovative online resources for learning about the OOI but also, perhaps more importantly, valuable “lessons learned” and transferable software that could be used by other marine technology endeavors.
SeaCleaner: Focusing Citizen Science and Environment Education on Unraveling the Marine Litter Problem
Authors: Merlino Silvia , Locritani Marina , Stroobant Mascha , Mioni Erika , Tosi Daniela
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe Pilot Project “SeaCleaner” is a citizen science and educational project, developed by the Institute of Marine Sciences of the Italian Research Council (CNR-ISMAR). Since 2013, it has involved environmental nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), volunteers,
five Italian Marine Protected Areas surrounding the Pelagos Sanctuary, and so far more than 50 high school students within the Italian program for “work-related learning internships.” The project aims to overcome the lack of current data on marine litter—a gap of knowledge
that cannot be ignored any longer, according to the last European Union's ambitious Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD)—by building an app for Android devices, which is easy to use and, at the same time, methodologically sound and comprehensive. This should enable a continuous
census (in time and space) for supporting the proper management and removal of solid waste (through scheduled campaigns, etc.). The project has multiple effects: (1) to prompt students to broaden their scientific knowledge on topics not strictly related to scholastic curricula, making them
aware of current environmental problems and teaching them how to solve them; (2) to engage an increasing number of volunteers in marine litter monitoring activities; and (3) to contribute to a common protocol for data acquisition, useful for both environmental and scientific purposes, helping
scientists to overcome the lack of current data on marine litter.
Inspiring Future Marine and Data Scientists Through the Lure of Ocean Tracks
Authors: Kochevar Randall E. , Krumhansl Ruth , Krumhansl Kira , Peach Cheryl L. , Bardar Erin , Louie Josephine , Sickler Jessica , Mueller-Northcott Julianne , Busey Amy , LaVita Silvia , DeLisi Jacqueline
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe Oceans of Data Institute (ODI) at the Education Development Center (EDC), Inc.; Stanford University; and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography have been collaborating, with the support of three National Science Foundation grants over the past 5 years, to bring
large scientific data sets into secondary and postsecondary classrooms. These efforts have culminated in the development of a Web-based student interface to marine science data called Ocean Tracks (http://oceantracks.org),
which incorporates design principles based on a broad range of research findings in fields such as cognitive science, visual design, mathematics education, and learning science. The Ocean Tracks interface was tested in high school classrooms in spring and fall of 2013 with a total of
195 high school students. These tests indicate that students appeared to find many aspects of the interface simple and intuitive to use. Teachers and students indicated that working with real data was highly engaging, pointing to the tremendous potential for “big data” to transform
the way science is taught. Interest among college faculty in Ocean Tracks indicates a need in undergraduate classrooms for similar tools that allow students to interact with data. So in the fall of 2014, we began to collect baseline data on students attending undergraduate oceanography
classes at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (Scripps) and Palomar College, where we will also be developing curricula and conducting classroom tests. Preliminary results from this work are presented here.
Submersible Hawaiian Aquatic Research Camera System: STEM Initiatives Fostering the Study of Hawaii's Marine Biota Using Underwater Time-Lapse Photography
Authors: Lindsay Christopher James , Lee Rafael Silk , Lindsay Mark D. , Edwards Margo H. , Rognstad Mark R. , Lindsay Holly Chung
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn contrast to the traditional mentor-apprentice relationship inherent in most high school science research projects, a team of high school students designed and executed their own research study that focused on engineering a low-cost (<$1,000) camera and
light apparatus to perform underwater time-lapse photography. With the advice of mentors from the University of Hawaii, the STEM community, and 'Iolani School, the team used their apparatus to study biota living underwater in caves near Makai Research Pier offshore of East Oahu, Hawaii.
The photographic system consisted of a Raspberry Pi microcomputer and camera board synchronized with a homemade LED lighting system housed in aluminum or PVC piping with acrylic windows. Several deployments in shallow water (<5 m) yielded images of Hawaiian Whitetip Reef shark (Triaenodon
obesus), Hawaiian Green Sea turtles (Chelonia mydas), and other marine animals in their natural reef habitat. The project demonstrates that, in less than a year, high school students can overcome the challenges of building an inexpensive, underwater time-lapse camera system to study
the behavior of marine biota. This article describes the team's engineering project, scientific research, lessons learned, and outreach efforts in the hope that other educational, scientific, and governmental institutions will be encouraged to offer similar, enriching opportunities to
nurture high school students to conduct STEM studies that advance ongoing, related research.
The Impacts and Benefits of Engaging STEM Students in Maritime Security Research
Authors: Austin-DeFares Beth , Bunin Barry
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has created university-based Centers of Excellence—each focused on a unique homeland security need. As described in this article, the Maritime Security Center (MSC), formerly the Center for Secure and Resilient Maritime
Commerce, a DHS Center of Excellence in Port and Maritime Security, has developed a summer research program with the objective of enhancing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) student interest in advanced academic study and careers in the maritime homeland security domain.
Student research projects have focused on the use of sensor technologies (e.g., passive acoustics, electro-optics, radar, and satellites) to detect surface vessels and modeling and simulation tools to advance the situational awareness of homeland security practitioners and first responders.
Student research outcomes from the maritime security-centric Summer Research Institute (SRI) have resulted in the development of new tools and technologies for homeland security professionals, co-authored papers, and presentations at conferences, and have inspired robust relationships between
researchers and the maritime homeland security community. Student survey responses and follow-up communications with program alumni confirm the impacts of the SRI program on enhancing their professional development and interest in academic study and careers in homeland security.
Exploring Inner Space: Engaging the Public With Ocean Scientists
Authors: Scowcroft Gail A. , Coleman Dwight F. , Hayward Jeff , Romano Cia
Published: August 2015

AbstractA prototype telepresence communications system was designed, piloted, and tested for use in informal science education institutions to provide public, student, and educator interactions with scientists aboard ships and in the University of Rhode Island Graduate School
of Oceanography (GSO) Inner Space Center (ISC). In addition to providing opportunities for the engagement of scientists with diverse audiences, a goal of this initiative was to promote an appreciation and understanding of the ocean, while exposing aquarium visitors to advanced telepresence
communication technologies. The project partnership was comprised of a leading ocean science research and education institution (the GSO); two national ocean science education networks—the National Centers for Ocean Sciences Education Excellence Network and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's Office of Exploration and Research Education Alliance; and two partner aquariums—Mystic Aquarium and South Carolina Aquarium. The main outcomes of the project were as follows: (1) a partnership of ocean science research and informal science education professionals
that linked ocean scientists and informal science institution staff and visitors; (2) a state-of-the-art hardware and software system for partner aquariums capable of delivering live and prerecorded ocean exploration experiences to visitors; (3) professional development for informal science
educators focused on educating the public and improving ocean literacy; (4) a useful and effective digital media interface and software for communicating and interacting with the ocean science content; and (5) an understanding of how live and prerecorded ocean exploration experiences affect
aquarium visitor ocean literacy.