bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio de bioequivalencia de clonazepam, tabletas de 2 mg, en voluntarios sanos colombianos
Authors: Cuesta González Fanny , Holguín Martínez Gloria , Archbold Joseph Rosendo Ricardo , Parra Sergio , Restrepo Garay Margarita María , Peña Acevedo Lina María , Montoya Beltrán Blanca Cecilia , Ríos Toro Juan Carlos , Toro Pareja Victoria Eugenia , Correa Cano Ómar de Jesús , Ruiz Correa Adriana María
Published: March 2023

Con el fin de determinar la bioequivalencia de dos formulaciones de tabletas de 2 mg de clonazepam: Sedatril®/Clonazepam MK (Tecnoquímicas S. A., Cali, Colombia) como producto de prueba y Rivotril® (Roche Químicos e Farmacéuticas S. A., Río de Janeiro, Brasil), como producto de referencia, se realizó un estudio de bioequivalencia en 26 voluntarios sanos. Los productos de prueba y de referencia se administraron en condiciones de ayuno de acuerdo con un diseño cruzado aleatorio de dosis única, con dos secuencias, dos tratamientos y un período de lavado de 28 días. Las muestras de sangre se obtuvieron desde las 0 hasta las 96 horas después de la administración del medicamento. Los niveles plasmáticos de clonazepam se determinaron con un método validado por cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia con detección ultravioleta (HPLC/UV, siglas en inglés). Los parámetros farmacocinéticos ABC0-96, ABC0-∞, Cmax , Tmax, t1/2, and ke se determinaron de los perfiles plasmáticos concentración-tiempo por el método no compartimental. El test de bioequivalencia se realizó con los datos transformados a logaritmo natural (ln) de ABC0-∞ and Cmax. Los intervalos de confianza del 90% para la relación producto de prueba/producto de referencia fueron de 87,9% a 103,6% y 84,4% a 104,0%, respectivamente. Estos resultados estuvieron dentro de los rangos de aceptación del 80,0% al 125%, establecidos por la FDA y se concluyó que ambos productos son bioequivalentes.
La frontera entre la Biología molecular y la Nanotecnología: impacto en la Medicina
Authors: Clavijo Grimaldi Dianney , García Morán Grégory Alfonso , Mejía Mejía Ómar , Ruiz Astrid , García Cardona Ananías , Casadiego Torrado Ciro Alfonso , Vittorino Mejía Mario
Published: March 2023

Con el advenimiento de la Nanobiotecnología, han mejorado rápidamente las perspectivas para usar nanomateriales en Imaginología médica, diagnóstico de enfermedades, liberación de fármacos, tratamiento del cáncer, terapia génica y otras áreas. Se entiende por Nanomedicina la aplicación de nanotecnologías en Medicina para el mantenimiento y mejoramiento de la vida humana. Este artículo revisa el vasto potencial de los nanosistemas (nanoliposomas, gotas cuánticas, nanopartículas, dendrímeros) en estas áreas, con aplicaciones novedosas que constantemente están siendo exploradas.
Angiotomografía con multidetectores (TCMD): ¿Nueva prueba de oro para el diagnóstico de lesiones vasculares de las extremidades?
Authors: Morales Uribe Carlos Hernando , Ochoa Escudero Martín , Suárez Poveda Tatiana
Published: March 2023

El enfoque diagnóstico y terapéutico de los pacientes con sospecha de trauma vascular de las extremidades ha cambiado a lo largo del tiempo. La arteriografía de rutina desplazó al tratamiento quirúrgico obligado debido al alto número de exploraciones quirúrgicas no terapéuticas. Posteriormente se adoptó un enfoque selectivo y el análisis juicioso de los hallazgos del examen físico condujo a la disminución del número de arteriografías practicadas. En los últimos años se ha recurrido al uso de la tomografía helicoidal y, más recientemente, al de la angiotomografía con multidetectores (TCMD) para la evaluación de situaciones médicas y quirúrgicas de urgencia y su uso se ha extendido a los pacientes con trauma vascular. La experiencia acumulada en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl de Medellín (Colombia) y en otros centros de trauma permite concluir que es un procedimiento seguro, confiable y que por su excelente desempeño se puede constituir en la prueba de oro para el diagnóstico del trauma vascular de las extremidades.
Relación entre vitamina A y alteraciones mucocutáneas y pilosas en niños de zonas palúdicas
Authors: Carmona Fonseca Jaime , Correa Botero Adriana María , Uscátegui Peñuela Rosa Magdalena
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: conocer la clase y frecuencia de las alteraciones mucocutáneas y del cabello en niños de zonas maláricas de Antioquia (Colombia). Metodología: diseño experimental, balanceado, no ciego, con 93 niños con paludismo, seguidos durante 30 días. Resultados: 61% de los niños presentaron desnutrición crónica o global o ambas según la antropometría. Antes del tratamiento hubo alteraciones de la piel (41%), mucosa labial (12%), mucosa oral (2%), lengua (15%) y cabello (16%). El día 30 hubo mejoría en todos estos sitios corporales, excepto en la piel (alteraciones: 42%). El retinol plasmático fue menor de 20 ìg/dL en 56,5% (el día 1, cuando tenían malaria) y en 4,5% el día 30 (sin paludismo). A lo largo del seguimiento el retinol (ìg/dL) fue de 19,1 ± 6,8 el día 1; 32,6 ± 7,4 el día 8 y 31,2 ± 7,9 el día 30. El estado de la piel, las mucosas labial y bucal, la lengua y el cabello no se asoció con el retinol en los días 1 y 30, excepto el del cabello al día 30: 50% con retinol por debajo de 20 ìg/dL no tenían el cabello sano, comparados con 9% de los que tenían el retinol en 20 o más ìg/dL; tampoco se asoció con el riesgo de desnutrición, excepto por la asociación entre piel alterada y desnutrición crónica + global: 60% de los niños con piel anormal tenían desnutrición crónica + global, contra 20% de los que tenían la piel normal que presentaron esa desnutrición. Conclusiones: fueron muy frecuentes las alteraciones mucocutáneas y capilares en estos niños de zonas maláricas de Antioquia, quienes además presentaron elevada prevalencia de desnutrición crónica, global o ambas (61%) y baja frecuencia de déficit de retinol sérico (4,5%). En general las alteraciones mucocutáneas y capilares no se asociaron con el estado del retinol ni con el estado nutricional.
Prueba de esfuerzo cardiopulmonar (PEC) en el síndrome de falla cardíaca. Una propuesta basada en la evidencia
Authors: Sénior Sánchez Juan Manuel
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar recomendaciones para la utilización clínica de la prueba de esfuerzo cardiopulmonar en el síndrome de falla cardíaca con énfasis en la medicina basada en la evidencia mediante una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura. La prueba de esfuerzo cardiopulmonar es una herramienta útil en la evaluación y seguimiento de los pacientes con falla cardíaca, pero es poco utilizada en la práctica diaria del internista general y el cardiólogo clínico. Permite establecer diagnósticos diferenciales en pacientes con disnea de causa inexplicada, evaluar la tolerancia al ejercicio, la capacidad funcional y el pronóstico, seleccionar los pacientes para trasplante cardíaco, proporcionar parámetros para la prescripción del ejercicio y monitorizar la respuesta al entrenamiento en programas de rehabilitación.
Correlación entre los niveles plasmáticos de hormona luteinizante (LH) y hormona folículo-estimulante (FSH) y el estadio de maduración esquelética en un grupo de niños de Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Alfaro Velásquez Juan Manuel , Giraldo Fernández Mónica , Zapata Noreña Óscar , Jaramillo Londoño Hilda Norha
Published: March 2023

Con el fin de evaluar la asociación entre la madurez ósea y los cambios en los niveles de las gonadotrofinas durante las etapas iniciales de la pubertad, se correlacionaron los niveles séricos de las hormonas luteinizante (LH) y folículo-estimulante (FSH) con el estado de maduración esquelética (evaluado por el método de Greulich y Pyle), la edad, el peso, la talla y la madurez sexual (según la clasificación de Tanner y con el empleo del orquidómetro de Prader) en una población sana de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia.El estudio de tipo prospectivo observacional, conformado por 16 varones y 15 niñas, entre 8 y 12 años de edad, evaluó seis veces a la misma cohorte durante un período de 30 meses empleando muestras sanguíneas para los niveles hormonales y radiografías de las estructuras óseas carpofalángicas; se incluyeron quienes completaron seis muestras sanguíneas y seis estudios radiológicos.Una vez registradas las diferencias clínicas de los estados Tanner de madurez sexual, los varones con ganancia progresiva de peso mostraron tendencia hacia mayores concentraciones de FSH y discreto avance de la edad esquelética, en tanto que, para los dos sexos, el cambio en los valores de LH se correlacionó mejor con la progresión de la edad esquelética independientemente de otras variables.
Evolución temporal del hemograma en niños con malaria
Authors: Carmona Fonseca Jaime
Published: March 2023

Introducción: los estudios colombianos sobre las relaciones entre paludismo, parásitos intestinales, desnutrición y comportamiento del hemograma son muy escasos.Objetivos: conocer los cambios del hemograma en niños de 4 a 10 años de edad, con malaria, seguidos durante 30 días.Metodología: el estudio es parte de un macroproyecto (estudio clínico controlado, grupos paralelos, no ciego).Resultados: se evaluaron 93 niños. Los riesgos de desnutrición fueron: crónica 52%, global 47%, 15% aguda. Se hallaron parásitos intestinales en 88%, que fueron patógenos en 80%; 35% estaban poliparasitados.Hemograma: hemoglobina (promedio): 10,3 g/dL a los días 1 y 8; al día 30: 11,8 g/dL. La desnutrición crónica y la parasitosis intestinal no influyeron significativamente en la hemoglobina en los días 1 y 30. Tuvo más influencia (sin ser estadísticamente significativa) la desnutrición que la parasitosis. Durante el episodio malárico el recuento leucocitario fue normal y pasó en los 30 días siguientes hacia muy leve leucocitosis. El análisis de los leucocitos mostró disminución de los neutrófilos y basófilos, aumento de los eosinófilos, linfocitosis leve y monocitopenia marcada, ambas estables. La linfocitosis y la monocitopenia no coinciden con lo informado por otros autores.Conclusiones: estos niños con malaria (90% por P. vivax), parasitosis intestinal y desnutrición crónica, tuvieron antes del tratamiento anemia homogénea normocítica, de grado leve, que se recuperó en 30 días a partir del tratamiento antimalárico; 80% también tuvieron trombocitopenia; el leucograma mostró, al día 1, neutropenia y basopenia, con eosinofilia, junto con linfocitos normales y monocitopenia marcada. Los niños de nuestras zonas palúdicas están afectados simultáneamente por desnutrición, parasitosis intestinales y malaria. Se requiere tratar al tiempo todas estas enfermedades para mejorar notoriamente el estado de salud.
Enfermedad renal crónica asociada a diacetilmorfina (heroína)
Authors: Balparda Arias Jon Kepa
Published: March 2023

El abuso de sustancias sicoactivas es un problema mundial de grandes proporciones, y no es infrecuente que se asocie a daño renal crónico. Los principales cuadros patológicos renales asociados al uso de heroína son: el síndrome nefrótico, la amiloidosis, la nefritis intersticial y la glomerulonefritis aguda. El cuadro clínico y el tratamiento son los mismos de la enfermedad renal crónica en general, sea primaria o secundaria, según el estadio en que se encuentre. Se presenta en este artículo una revisión de la nefropatía asociada al consumo de heroína; se incluyen aspectos químicos y biológicos de la heroína, así como la epidemiología y la fisiopatología de la enfermedad.
Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina: bases moleculares de la resistencia, epidemiología y tipificación
Authors: Jiménez Quiceno Judy Natalia , Correa Ochoa Margarita María
Published: March 2023

Staphylococcus aureus es responsable de un amplio espectro de cuadros clínicos que van desde infecciones en la piel y los tejidos blandos hasta enfermedades sistémicas muy graves que amenazan la vida; tiene gran importancia en la comunidad y está comúnmente implicado en infecciones nosocomiales. Además, un alto porcentaje de individuos está colonizado por S. aureus, lo cual constituye un factor de riesgo para su diseminación. S. aureus tiene gran capacidad de adquirir resistencia a los antimicrobianos y en la actualidad se encuentran cepas resistentes a la mayoría de los antibióticos disponibles; en particular, su resistencia a la meticilina, inicialmente en el ambiente hospitalario (HA-MRSA) y posteriormente en la comunidad (CA-MRSA), ha dificultado aún más el control mundial de este microorganismo. Los estudios de epidemiología molecular han permitido entender mejor las relaciones evolutivas de las cepas y definir el origen de los clones durante brotes epidémicos. En Colombia se sabe poco sobre la epidemiología de S. aureus y aún menos sobre su comportamiento en la comunidad. Por ello, estudios de vigilancia epidemiológica que involucren la tipificación molecular de las cepas permitirán comprender mejor su epidemiología y establecer estrategias más certeras de tratamiento y control.
Células T reguladoras naturales durante la infección por el VIH: el tejido linfoide como blanco primario de la replicación viral
Authors: Rueda Ríos César Mauricio , Velilla Hernández Paula Andrea
Published: March 2023

La infección por el VIH se asocia con una inmunodeficiencia secundaria grave que lleva a la aparición de infecciones oportunistas y procesos oncogénicos. En el curso de esta infección se observan comúnmente alteraciones de la inmunidad mediada por células T y células presentadoras de antígeno; en la actualidad se considera que ciertas poblaciones celulares con propiedades inmunorreguladoras son en parte responsables de estas alteraciones. De hecho, en los principales sitios de replicación viral, como los órganos linfoides y el tejido linfoide asociado a la mucosa gastrointestinal, se han observado alteraciones funcionales y cuantitativas en la subpoblación de células T reguladoras (Treg). Aunque se desconoce el papel de estas células en la patogénesis de la infección por el VIH, los estudios sugieren que podría ser dual: 1) proteger del daño tisular y de la eliminación de células T CD4+ causados por la hiperactivación inmunológica; 2) contribuir a la patogénesis de esta infección viral. La acumulación de células Treg funcionales afecta el desarrollo de respuestas inmunes específicas que permiten la eliminación del patógeno, facilitando de esta manera su permanencia en los tejidos. En esta revisión se presenta la evidencia científica disponible sobre el efecto de las células Treg en la patogénesis de la infección por el VIH.
Lesiones del ligamento cruzado anterior de la rodilla
Authors: Márquez Arabia Jorge Jaime , Márquez Arabia William Henry
Published: March 2023

Las lesiones del ligamento cruzado anterior de la rodilla son comunes y producen discapacidad en personas jóvenes y deportistas; además, predisponen a lesiones ulteriores de la rodilla y a osteoartritis temprana. Esta revisión actualiza los siguientes aspectos de importancia para la comprensión, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de estas lesiones: anatomía y biomecánica del ligamento cruzado anterior; incidencia, factores de riesgo, estrategias de prevención, historia natural, diagnóstico, examen físico, evaluación artrométrica, estudios imaginológicos, lesiones asociadas, tratamientos conservador y quirúrgico y rehabilitación. Se describen, además, las nuevas tendencias en el tema.
La barrera artillera del castillo de aguilar. Un ejemplo de adaptación de la arquitectura militar a la pirobalística
Authors: Carbajo Carmen , Córdoba de la Llave Ricardo , López Rider Javier
Published: March 2023

El castillo de Aguilar, de origen altomedieval, es una de las fortalezas de mayor interés arquitectónico de la provincia de Córdoba, debido tanto a su evolución histórica como, en especial, a las diferentes reformas experimentadas durante sus siete siglos de vida útil. La última gran reforma realizada es atribuida a Alfonso de Aguilar, titular del señorío durante los últimos años del siglo XV, e incorpora entre otros elementos una barrera defensiva o falsabraga de elevado interés para el estudio de la arquitectura defensiva, por constituir un ejemplo de transición entre los edificios castrenses eminentemente medievales y los nuevos castillos de época moderna. El artículo está dedicado al análisis de este singular elemento a partir de los resultados obtenidos en las campañas de excavación arqueológica realizadas entre 2009 y 2012, con el objetivo de enmarcarlo en el contexto histórico en que se construye y ponerlo en relación con barreras defensivas similares de fortalezas coevas.
Профессиональная компетентность педагогов в области комплексного сопровождения детей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья в контексте тенденций развития педагогического образования в XXI веке
Authors: Феоктистова С.В. , Шнейдер Л.Б. , Васильева Н.Н.
Published: March 2023

Обсуждаются теоретико-методологические и организационные аспекты проблемы профессионализации педагогов в области комплексного сопровождения детей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья. С учетом тенденций инновационного развития российского образования проведен анализ ключевых проблем и задач профессионального педагогического образования. Рассмотрены сущность и структура педагогической категории «профессиональная компетентность педагогов в области комплексного сопровождения детей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья». Представлена методология развития и совершенствования профессиональной компетентности педагогов. На основе структурно-функционального анализа законодательных актов, регулирующих сферу образования, тематических исследований и собственных эмпирических данных выделены детерминанты современного состояния проблемы профессионализации педагогов в данной сфере. Определены социальные, образовательные, профессионально-педагогические и личностные детерминанты векторов развития и совершенствования профессиональной компетентности педагогов в вопросах психолого-педагогического сопровождения детей рассматриваемой категории.

The article discusses theoretical, methodological and organizational aspects of teachers’ professional qualifi cations in counseling children with disabilities. Taking into account innovative trends in Russian education, we carry out a special analysis of the key problems and tasks of professional teacher education. The essence and structure of the educational category “teachers’ qualifi cation in comprehensive counseling for children with disabilities” is considered. We also present the methodology for developing and improving qualifi cation of teachers in this area. Based on the structural and functional analysis of legislative acts regulating the fi eld of education, case studies and our own empirical data, the basic aspects of the current state of the problem are identifi ed. We single out the social, educational, professional-pedagogical and personal determinants of how teachers can develop and improve their skills and competence with respect to psychological and educational support of children with disabilities.
Формирование представлений о порядке слов на начальном этапе обучения русскому языку у китайских учащихся
Authors: Мао Юй.
Published: March 2023

Рассмотрена методика ознакомления китайских студентов со спецификой порядка слова в русском языке. Проанализированы характерные особенности порядка слов в русском и китайском языках, показаны сходства и различия в принципах словорасположения. Выявлены причины затруднений китайских учащихся в изучении данной темы. На основе проведенного анализа предлагаются методические разработки по формированию правильных представлений о порядке слов в русском языке у китайских учащихся на начальном этапе обучения. Результаты могут быть использованы в практике преподавания русского языка как иностранного.

The article considers the methodology of familiarization of Chinese students with the specifi cs of the word order in the Russian language. The characteristic features of the word order in the Russian and Chinese languages are analyzed, similarities and diff erences in the principles of word arrangement are shown. The reasons for the diffi culties of Chinese students in studying this topic are revealed. Based on the analysis, methodological developments are proposed for the formation of a correct understanding of the order of words in the Russian language among Chinese students at the initial stage of training. The results can be used in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language.
Особенности продуктивного мышления и конструктивных умений у будущих педагогов
Authors: Железовская Г.И. , Абрамова Н.В.
Published: March 2023

Обоснована актуальность исследования, связанная с необходимостью обеспечения профессиональной подготовки педагога, способного не только сообщать обучающимся программный материал, но и осуществлять формирование и развитие у них творческих способностей, конструктивных умений, продуктивного мышления. Представлены анализ научных предпосылок исследования, критерии и показатели, индикаторы сформированности продуктивного мышления и конструктивных умений студентов. Выявлены противоречия между объективной необходимостью формирования готовности педагога к творческой организации целостного педагогического процесса и недостаточной разработанностью подходов к проектированию инновационных технологий в применении к определенной специальности, организационно-педагогических механизмов их реализации при изучении конкретных дисциплин.

The relevance of the study is substantiated, associated with the need to provide professional training for a teacher who is able not only to communicate program material to students, but also to form and develop their creative abilities, constructive skills, and productive thinking. An analysis of the scientifi c background of the study, criteria and indicators, indicators of the formation of productive thinking and constructive skills of students are presented. Contradictions are revealed between the objective need to form the teacher’s readiness for the creative organization of a holistic pedagogical process and the insuffi cient development of approaches to designing innovative technologies as applied to a particular specialty, organizational and pedagogical mechanisms for their implementation in the study of specifi c disciplines.
Концепт жизненного нарратива в работах Тильмана Хабермаса
Authors: Яшин Д.Н. , Агапов В.С.
Published: March 2023

Раскрывается подход Т. Хабермаса к исследованию жизненных нарративов; приводятся основные положения подхода. Описываются следующие аспекты жизненных нарративов, освещаемые в работах автора: глобальная нарративная когерентность и ее типы; диахронический аспект личностной идентичности; дорефлексивное переживание непрерывности Я и лингвистические признаки его нарушений; текстово-аналитические методы изучения жизненных нарративов; взаимосвязь идентичности, развития и культуры.

The article reveals the approach of T. Habermas to the study of life narratives; the main positions of the approach are given. The following aspects of life narratives covered in the author’s works are described: global narrative coherence and its types; diachronic aspect of personal identity; pre-refl exive experience of the continuity of the Self and linguistic signs of its violations; text-analytical methods for studying life narratives; the relationship of identity, development and culture.
Outcomes of retropupillary iris-claw lens implantation
Authors: Panchbhai Diksha , Rao A. Tarakeswara , Satyavathi G. , Viswabharathi P. , Manjula P.
Published: March 2023

Background: Inadequate posterior capsular support during cataract surgery makes it difficult to implant posterior chamber intraocular lens.One of the secondary intraocular lens implantation options is iris claw lens.Retropupillary iris claw lens is preferred than anterior because chances of damage to the anterior chamber angle and iris root are avoided as the lens is fixed to the mid periphery of iris. The prospective study aims to analyse the visual outcomes and immediate postoperative complications after retropupillary iris-claw lens implantation in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: It was a prospective study done conducted on 24 patients with inadequate posterior capsular support in which retropupillary iris-claw lens implantation was done from December 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022 at Government Regional Eye Hospital, Visakhapatnam. Immediate postoperative complications were noted. Final visual outcomes were noted after 2 months.
Results: The study comprised of 24 eyes. The mean patient age was 55.91 years (range 44-77 years).The IOLs were inserted during primary lens surgery in 16 eyes (66.6%) and as a secondary procedure in 8 aphakic eyes (33.4%). The mean postoperative intraocular pressure was 15.1 mmHg. Majority of the eyes had best corrected visual acuity of 6/12 (41.6%).The most common immediate postoperative complication was pupil ovalization (25%) and striate keratopathy (25%). Least common complication was choroidal detachment (3.6%).
Conclusions: Visual outcomes of primary and secondary iris claw implantation were similar. The retro-pupillary iris-claw lens implantation provided good visual outcome with tolerable complications. It can be used in eyes with inadequate posterior capsular support.
Analysis of feedback of private wards patients: missing links in patient satisfaction in services at tertiary care public hospital
Authors: Garg Ruchi , Garg Neeraj , Talwar Yatin
Published: March 2023

Background: Feedback of client/customer is the key for improvement in any services. It is a precious input for identifying gaps and developing an effective action plan for quality improvement in any organization. Hence, patient feedback on services provided by the health care organization is important quality tool for improvement of services both in public and private hospitals. With the back ground this study was conceptualized with the aim to analyse feedback of inpatients admitted in private wards of a government tertiary care hospital of India, regarding hospital personnel and for basic amenities provided by the hospital.
Methods: This was a record-based study where predesigned feedback forms of one year were analysed. Feedback was categorized under three themes and subthemes which were services provided by the hospital, infrastructure of the hospital and feedback with respect to the care provided by the hospital staff.
Results: 80% patients were dissatisfied with the delay in conduct of investigations and receipt of reports and cleanliness in ward, housekeeping services and quality of food. As far as clinical care and soft skills of healthcare providers are concerned, 80% of the patients were satisfied by the care provided by doctors and nurses. Suggestions were analysed and implemented to strengthen the service delivery to initiate quality assurance.
Conclusions: Major factors for dissatisfaction among patients are the unscientific processes which can be improved with minimum cost.
Thyroid dysfunction in human immuno-deficiency virus infected patients: a non-randomized, cross-sectional, single-center study
Authors: Mujawar Vaheed U. , Byakod Anilkumar C. , P. P. Lakshmi Devi , Walikar Basavaraj N. , Usmangani Tai A.
Published: March 2023

Background: Increasing prevalence of thyroid dysfunction has been reported in human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. However, there is insufficient evidence to recommend routine thyroid screening of asymptomatic individuals. Hence, this study was undertaken in an attempt to resolve these issues. Objectives of this non-randomized, cross-sectional, single-center study was to study thyroid function in HIV positive patients at various stages of disease.
Methods: This single-center study was carried out at Al-Ameen Medical College Hospital and Government District Hospital Bijapur, Karnataka, India from December 2020 to December 2022. The final selected study population included newly diagnosed adult and adolescent (17-60 years) HIV+ patients was composed of 100 participants of either gender. Patients were interviewed and enrolled in the study after examining in detail according to the proforma and then by taking their written consent and explaining the purpose of the study. The thyroid hormone assays (S. TSH, FT3 and FT4) were done by chemiluminescence immuno assay (CLIA) using ADVIA Centaur-equipment.
Results: Overall mean age was 36 years (range in years: 17–66 years) and 66 patients (66%) were males. Male: female ratio of 1.94:1 was recorded. In the 50 patients having acquired immuno-deficiency virus (AIDS), FT3 levels ranged from 0.230 to 4.0 picogram/ml with a mean of 2.131+0.9826 picogram/ml. In 50 patients having AIDS, the FT4 levels ranged from 0.30 to 1.90 nanogram/dI with a mean 1.179±0.4484 nanogram/dl.
Conclusions: All forms of thyroid dysfunction were observed.
A case report of pulmonary and muscular cysticercosis
Authors: Fotedar Sanjay , Gaur Vaibhav , Lakra Swati , Malik Vinay
Published: March 2023

Pulmonary cysticercosis is extremely rare manifestation of a rather common disease which is distributed worldwide. Most common sites for the growth of cysticercosis are muscle and brain followed by eye. Pulmonary involvement in cysticercosis is very rare and if at all present, then ill-defined nodular shadows distributed throughout the lung is the usual radiological presentation which might be attributed to other diseases also. No case of cysticercosis presenting as lung parenchymal along with muscular involvement without cerebral involvement has been reported so far in literature. We came across a rarest presentation of cysticercosis as pulmonary involvement. After nullifying all the differential diagnosis of parenchymal nodular lesions as seen on CT chest and with clinical suspicion, a diagnosis of pulmonary cysticercosis was made as enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) titres for cysticercosis was significantly raised. Case was successfully treated with albendazole (15 mg/kg) with steroid cover with resolution of lesions as well.
Prevalence of fruit and vegetable intake in relation to weight status among undergraduate public university students in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Mwania Elizabeth , Mugo Judy W. , Njogu Eunice W.
Published: March 2023

Background: Students in tertiary institutions such as public universities can make poor dietary choices, leaving them exposed to various kinds of malnutrition. The students could underestimate the dietary significance of fruits and vegetables despite their proven importance. This research aimed at establishing the prevalence of fruit and vegetable intake in relation to weight status among public university students in Nairobi County, Kenya.
Methods: A sample of 385 students was used where a self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data. Besides, a stadiometer and weighing scale were used to ascertain the height and weight of the students. Descriptive and inferential statistical approaches were used to analyse data using SPSS.
Results: The study determined that daily intake of fruits and vegetables by university students was low. Regarding weight status, findings showed 5.2% were underweight, most of the participants (54.9%) were within the normal weight range, 25.3% being overweight, while 14.6% were obese. Correlation results showed that there was a negative and significant linear relationship between intake of fruits and vegetable and BMI.
Conclusions: The study concluded that fruits and vegetables are vital for an ideal weight status. The study recommends to students to ensure that they set aside an amount of the daily consumption expenditure to spend on fruits, as these are critical for the health today and in the future. Besides, students are advised to frequently monitor their BMI and take corrective actions before the situation deteriorates.
Magnitude of pesticide use and its health effects among chilly farmers of Dammuru village, Bellary district, Karnataka, India
Authors: Janekunte Dodda Basava , Doddaiah Sunil Kumar
Published: March 2023

Background: The second-largest industry in the world in terms of employment is agriculture. In other ways, working in agriculture is among the riskiest professions in the whole world. Each year, many farm workers have illnesses and workplace accidents. All people are exposed to some degree to pesticides, but farmers are more susceptible owing to the additional danger of occupational exposure.
Methods: Purposive sampling was utilized in this cross-sectional research on chilly farm workers in the Dammuru village of Bellary district, Karnataka. An MS Excel spreadsheet was used to input the collected data, which was then analysed using SPSS version 23.
Results: Out of 220 participants, 165 (or 75% of them) utilized items that were classified as class I (very hazardous), followed by 33 (or 15%) as class II (moderately hazardous), 16 (or 7.247%) as class III (somewhat hazardous), and 6 (or 2.72%) as class U (unsafe materials) (unlikely to present an acute hazard). The majority of the 220 individuals, 202 (91.81%) experienced health concerns, whereas the minority, 18 (8.18%), had no health issues.
Conclusions: More than half of the survey participants reported having health issues, with a lack of information about the appropriate use of pesticides and improper use of protective gear being the major causes. 18 people (8.18%) did not have any health issues whereas 202 (91.81%) did.
A cross sectional study to assess the nutritional status of under five children in block Hajin of Kashmir valley
Authors: Shah Rabia Ahmad , Fazili Anjum B. , Shah Rohul Jabeen , Band Uroosa Farooq Allaq
Published: March 2023

Background: Nutrition can be defined as the science that studies food and how food nourishes our body and influences our health. Proper nutrition can help us improve our health, prevent certain diseases, achieve and maintain a desirable weight and maintain our energy and vitality. Malnutrition is a broad term commonly used as an alternative to under nutrition (wasting, stunting and underweight) but technically it also refers to over nutrition (overweight and obesity). Nutrition is particularly important in early childhood when growth is most rapid. Assessment of nutritional status of under-5 children in block Hajin and to identify the factors associated with malnutrition in these under-fives. 
Methods: This is a community based cross sectional study, conducted in health block Hajin on a random sample of 403 under five children using multistage sampling technique based on probability proportionate to size (PPS). 
Results: depicts that most of the children belonged to age group 25-60 months (45.9%), there was female preponderance (54.1%) among the study subjects. Most of the study subjects were having birth order first (40.9%). Majority of the study population were having birth interval between 2 to 3 years (40.8%).  
Conclusions: From the study it is concluded that prevalence of different forms of malnutrition was comparatively lower as compared to national data. Malnutrition was more in infants, female gender, under-fives belonging to nuclear families, having illiterate mothers and those belonging to lower socioeconomic status.
Professional quality of life among physicians posted in COVID-19 clinics at a tertiary care hospital in South India: a cross-sectional analytical study
Authors: Rajaa Sathish , Govindhan Dhanajayan , Thulasingam Mahalakshmy
Published: March 2023

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has largely affected the well-being and quality of life among health care workers. We undertook this study to assess the burden and determinants of compassion satisfaction, burnout and Secondary traumatic stress among resident doctors
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was done among the residents posted in covid wards for clinical duties in tertiary care in Puducherry. All residents who did at least 5 shifts during the last month of their COVID duty were emailed a google form that contained the professional quality of life questionnaire version 5.
Results: Around 108 residents agreed to participate in the study. We found that around 80% of the residents experienced moderate compassion satisfaction, while 73% of them experienced moderate burnout, and 66% of them experienced secondary traumatic stress. Speciality, marital status, tobacco use, and being posted in ICU/wards stood out as independent determinants of burnout, while caffeine/ alcohol and tobacco intake were found to be associated with secondary traumatic stress.
Conclusions: Thus, our study highlights the burden of burnout among residents posted in COVID wards.
A demographic and descriptive study on depression status of adolescent population of Ahmedabad city in India
Authors: Thakor Nitin R. , Tolani Jayshree N. , Pravender
Published: March 2023

Background: Depressive indications and spirituality are prevalent all around the world, but their coherent existence has received moderately minute consideration from majority psychological health experts. This quantitative research examines relationships between spiritual participation and depressive indications or disorders. Religious beliefs and rituals possibly will aid public to deal with improved stressful life conditions, give sense and hope, and encircle unhappy people with an encouraging society. This study aimed to investigate the role that spiritual factors play in inhibiting depression and will lend a hand to determine whether this is a resource or a liability in adult age group.
Methods: The present study was carried out in Ahmedabad city in the period from November to December 2022. A total of 400 adults were included in the study, which were selected using multi-stage sampling aged between 18 years to 59 years.
Results: The obese adults had significantly higher depression levels. Depression had a negative correlation with spirituality levels. Regression analysis also demonstrated that the spirituality was one of the influencing factors affecting depression.
Conclusions: Spirituality is negatively associated with depression.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices regarding dengue among the general population of Goa
Authors: Cardozo Manfred F. , Balaji Ezekhil , Francis Ajish , Dias Amit , Lydia Dias
Published: March 2023

Background: Dengue is a major health problem in India. The state of Goa has seen a rise in the incidence of Dengue. The study was conducted to understand the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of the people regarding this disease.
Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted on a sample of participants of the state of Goa. Data on demographic characteristics and KAP was obtained from participants through Google forms.
Results: A large number of participants had adequate knowledge of the source of infection and even modes of transmission. Knowledge of symptomatology and treatment was seen to be inadequate. Symptoms such as pain behind the eye and abdominal pain were known by less than 33% of the population. 61.84% were aware that dengue is transmitted through Aedes mosquito. Knowledge of symptoms and the vector transmitting dengue virus was least among the non-student participants. 44.7% of the participants opined that papaya leaves are beneficial for treatment with a higher proportion among the non-student population. Knowledge of the complications of dengue such as dengue haemorrhagic fever was reported by 56.6% of the population while dengue shock syndrome was reported by 32.3% of the population.
Conclusions: Findings indicate there is lesser knowledge of symptomatology and epidemiology of dengue among the non-student participants compared to the student participants. Educational and health programmes are needed to increase knowledge among the general population, campaigns specifically targeting the non-student population are required.
Using Geographic Information System Technology for Land-Use Modelling on Developing area of Tanah Datar Sumatera Barat
Authors: Antomi Yudi , Koestoer Raldi Hendro , Arif Dian Adhetya , Hidayat Hendra , Angraina Dilla
Published: March 2023

GIS technology has advanced rapidly in recent decades to become a standard tool for managing and analyzing spatial data to solve spatial problems. Spatial modelling is one of the GIS products that can be used as a reference for future policy development for effective spatial management. This research aims to create land use models for the Tanah Datar area of West Sumatra in 2025 and 2035. The model is created using the Cellular Automata method and remote sensing data. The land use data from 1989 and 2002 became the model's base year, and 2019 served as the basis for testing the model's accuracy. According to the modelling results, there are several trends in land use change. Dryland agriculture expanded significantly, indicating an improvement in the pattern of agricultural land use. This condition suggests that regional development should focus more on potential and good spatial management.
Influence of Training and Personality Traits on Entrepreneurial Intention and Behaviour
Authors: Espinoza Alcívar Edison , Casas-Rosal José Carlos , Jimber del -Río Juan Antonio , Ceular-Villamandos Nuria
Published: March 2023

Entrepreneurial intention and its subsequent achievement in starting one's activity are processes subject to numerous internal and external influences, which should be studied in depth due to their great importance for local and global economies. The present research is holistic since it encompasses the entire process that generates entrepreneurial behaviour. On the one hand, the objective is to identify the influence training, personality traits, and other factors such as social norms and motivation have on entrepreneurial intention. The study further analyses the process between intention and final entrepreneurial behaviour and how the difficulties encountered moderate these relationships. To this end, a survey form was produced and assign to a sample of 456 undergraduate business graduates from different universities, and a structural equation model was estimated with relationships based on existing literature. The results revealed a strong influence of the factors analysed on entrepreneurial intention and a significant modulation of the difficulties encountered when the intention is transformed into entrepreneurial behaviour.
Automatic Short Answer Grading onHigh School’s E-Learning Using Semantic Similarity Methods
Authors: Wilianto Daniel , Suganda Girsang Abba
Published: March 2023

Grading students’ answers has always been a daunting task which takes a lot of teachers’ time. The aim of this study is to grade students’ answers automatically in a high school’s e-learning system. The grading process must be fast, and the result must be as close as possible to the teacher assigned grades. We collected a total of 840 answers from 40 students for this study, each already graded by their teachers. We used Python library sentence-transformers and three of its latest pre-trained machine learning models (all-mpnet-base-v2, all-distilroberta-v1, all-MiniLM-L6-v2) for sentence embeddings. Computer grades were calculated using Cosine Similarity. These grades were then compared with teacher assigned grades using both Mean Absolute Error and Root Mean Square Error. Our results showed that all-MiniLM-L6-v2 gave the most similar grades to teacher assigned grades and had the fastest processing time. Further study may include testing these models on more answers from more students, also fine tune these models using more school materials.
Struggling, Coping, and Persisting in New Normal Education: Pre-Service Teachers in Field Study Courses
Authors: B. Fabro Regie Boy , C. Rivera Eba Christie , C. Rivera Janet , S. Rabang Niña Theresa Grace , C. Asuncion Alma , R. Limon Mark
Published: March 2023

Students’ learning was temporarily interrupted due to the unexpected closure of academic institutions brought by the pandemic. As a result, pre-service Technical-Vocational Education (TVE) teachers struggled when it comes to their well-being and mental health, educational logistics, and due to restrictions. In order to cope with these identified problems, the participants resorted to positive reframing, reconnecting with interests and learning preferences, and seeking instrumental support. This study recommends that higher education institutions must recalibrate the Field Study (FS) curriculum, capacitate instructors, and update technological infrastructures to enable the effective continuity of teaching and learning in TVE even in turbulent conditions.
Promoting Undergraduate Pre-Service Teacher Computational Thinking
Authors: Pimdee Paitoon , Pipitgool Sawitree
Published: March 2023

The study aimed to evaluate the results of a computational thinking (CompThink) and learning management model using a flipped classroom (FC), combined with critical thinking problem-solving (CTPS) activities. The sample consisted of 57 third-year Thai computer studies (CS) pre-service teachers (PST) (29 = control group, 28 = experimental group). The mean scores of CompThink and Academic Achievement were analysed using a One-way MANOVA. Post-course testing revealed that learning achievement and CompThink were higher than students studying using traditional methods.
The Influence of Synergetics on the Transformation of the Methodology of Public Organization Research
Authors: Popchenko Evgeny S.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this article is an analysis of the impact of the use of synergetics on the transfor-mation of methodological concepts and approaches in the process of studying the problems of public administration optimization in relation to the development of public organizations and determining the place of the latter in the system of state-administrative relations. The study is based on the understanding of the principles of the possibility of methodological flexibility, which contributes to the knowledge of many phenomena and processes in public administration and public practice, makes it possible to analyze their origin, dynamics of development, effectiveness, etc. Based on the results of the analysis of the influence of synergetics on the modification of the methodology of the study of public organization as an institution of civil society in the content of state-management interaction with the state, the possibilities of promising variability of the methodological basis of research are highlighted. The modified methods of synergetics highlighted in the article will give the clearer idea of promising possibilities of actualization of the role of public organization in state-management relations. It is difficult to talk about some kind of permanent their construction, because the problem under study is a dynamic phenomenon and vulnerable to any changes that have a traditional influence on socio-political relations, phenomena, processes. Therefore, it is quite logical that there is a need to comprehend and apply modern socio-technological models, which should be aimed at optimizing the whole spectrum of state-administrative, socio-economic, socio-political and other aspects of state and civil society development.
The History of the Polish Army of V. Anders in the USSR in 1941-1942: Features of Formation and Problems of Cooperation
Authors: Medvedev Maxim V.
Published: March 2023

At the beginning of World War II, hundreds of thousands of Polish citizens found themselves on the territory of the Soviet Union, most of whom were military personnel and their family members, and there were also those who arrived as industrial workers. However, most Poles were forced into the northern and eastern regions of the USSR. After the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War, by agreement between the Soviet government and the Polish government in exile, an army led by General V. Anders was formed from prisoners, exiles and imprisoned Polish citizens. Polish armed formations, which were part of this army, were on the territory of the USSR from August 1941 to August 1942. In the future, these compounds were withdrawn to Iran. In this article, the author analyzes the issues of Soviet-Polish relations, as well as the problems of formation, preparation and evacuation of Anders' army.