bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A transcriptome-based phylogenetic study of hard ticks (Ixodidae)
Authors: Charrier N. Pierre , Hermouet Axelle , Hervet Caroline , Agoulon Albert , Barker Stephen C. , Heylen Dieter , Toty Céline , McCoy Karen D. , Plantard Olivier , Rispe Claude
Published: September 2019

Hard ticks are widely distributed across temperate regions, show strong variation in host associations, and are potential vectors of a diversity of medically important zoonoses, such as Lyme disease. To address unresolved issues with respect to the evolutionary relationships among certain species or genera, we produced novel RNA-Seq data sets for nine different Ixodes species. We combined this new data with 18 data sets obtained from public databases, both for Ixodes and non-Ixodes hard tick species, using soft ticks as an outgroup. We assembled transcriptomes (for 27 species in total), predicted coding sequences and identified single copy orthologues (SCO). Using Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian frameworks, we reconstructed a hard tick phylogeny for the nuclear genome. We also obtained a mitochondrial DNA-based phylogeny using published genome sequences and mitochondrial sequences derived from the new transcriptomes. Our results confirm previous studies showing that the Ixodes genus is monophyletic and clarify the relationships among Ixodes sub-genera. This work provides a baseline for studying the evolutionary history of ticks: we indeed found an unexpected acceleration of substitutions for mitochondrial sequences of Prostriata, and for nuclear and mitochondrial genes of two species of Rhipicephalus, which we relate with patterns of genome architecture and changes of life-cycle, respectively.
Beyond duty hours: leveraging large-scale paging data to monitor resident workload
Authors: Kaushal Amit , Katznelson Laurence , Harrington Robert A.
Published: September 2019

Monitoring and managing resident workload is a cornerstone of policy in graduate medical education, and the duty hours metric is the backbone of current regulations. While the duty hours metric measures hours worked, it does not capture differences in intensity of work completed during those hours, which may independently contribute to fatigue and burnout. Few such metrics exist. Digital data streams generated during the usual course of hospital operations can serve as a novel source of insight into workload intensity by providing high-resolution, minute-by-minute data at the individual level; however, study and use of these data streams for workload monitoring has been limited to date. Paging data is one such data stream. In this work, we analyze over 500,000 pages—two full years of pages in an academic internal medicine residency program—to characterize paging patterns among housestaff. We demonstrate technical feasibility, validity, and utility of paging burden as a metric to provide insight into resident workload beyond duty hours alone, and illustrate a general framework for evaluation and incorporation of novel digital data streams into resident workload monitoring.
Straightforward synthesis of MTW-type magnesium silicalite for CO2 fixation with epoxides under mild conditions
Authors: Wen Haimeng , Xie Jingyan , Zhou Yang , Zhou Yu , Wang Jun
Published: September 2019

Mg-Si-ZSM-12 was hydrothermally synthesized and effective for CO2 fixation under mild conditions.
Computational screening of transition-metal single atom doped C9N4 monolayers as efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting
Authors: Zhou Yanan , Gao Guoping , Kang Jun , Chu Wei , Wang Lin-Wang
Published: September 2019

Ni@C9N4 performs as a promising bifunctional electrocatalyst with N and Ni atoms as the catalytic active sites for HER and OER, with calculated hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy (ΔGH*) of −0.04 eV and OER overpotential (ηOER) of 0.31 V.
Out-of-plane ion transport makes nitrogenated holey graphite a promising high-rate anode for both Li and Na ion batteries
Authors: Huang He , Wu Hong-Hui , Chi Cheng , Zhu Jiaming , Huang Baoling , Zhang Tong-Yi
Published: September 2019

The facile out-of-plane collective ion transport makes layered nitrogenated holey graphite a high-rate anode material for both lithium and sodium ion batteries.
Ultrafast and large optical nonlinearity of a TiSe2 saturable absorber in the 2 μm wavelength region
Authors: Wei Rongfei , Tian Xiangling , Yang Lupeng , Yang Dandan , Ma Zhijun , Guo Hai , Qiu Jianrong
Published: September 2019

It is desirable to achieve significant nonlinear optical response with ultrafast and large optical nonlinearity utilizing common materials. Femtosecond response and large nonlinearity induced by non-equilibrium electrons are investigated.
Application of functional diols derived from pentaerythritol as chain extenders in the synthesis of novel thermoplastic polyester-urethane elastomers
Authors: Brannigan Ruairí P. , Walder Anthony , Dove Andrew P.
Published: September 2019

Functional thermoplastic poly(ester-urethane)s (TPEUs) reported herein offer a wide range of thermal, mechanical and degradation properties which can be fine-tuned through a selection of post-polymerisation reactions.
Pb2Cd(SeO3)2X2 (X = Cl and Br): two halogenated selenites with phase matchable second harmonic generation
Authors: Gong Ya-Ping , Hu Chun-Li , Ma Yun-Xiang , Mao Jiang-Gao , Kong Fang
Published: September 2019

The second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiencies of Pb2Cd(SeO3)2X2 (X = Cl and Br) are higher than that of commercial KDP (KH2PO4) and their laser damage thresholds are 30 times more than that of AGS (AgGaS2).
Aggregation induced emission enhancement by plasmon coupling of noble metal nanoparticles
Authors: He Jiangling , Li Shuang , Lyu Da , Zhang Dingfeng , Wu Xiao , Xu Qing-Hua
Published: September 2019

Aggregation induced plasmon coupling enhanced fluorescence of a pre-quenched chromophore has been demonstrated by using Au and Au@Ag nanoparticles, which could be further utilized to develop highly sensitive chemical and biological sensing schemes.
Dynamic covalent bonds: approaches from stable radical species
Authors: Sakamaki Daisuke , Ghosh Samrat , Seki Shu
Published: September 2019

Dynamic covalent bonds by stable radical species are ideal platforms for simple, facile, and clean rearrangements of chemical bonds without the need for catalysts and the formation of byproducts.
Self-assembled binary multichromophore dendrimers with enhanced electro-optic coefficients and alignment stability
Authors: Xu Huajun , Liu Jianpeng , Liu Jun , Yu Canwen , Zhai Zhaofen , Qin Gangzhi , Liu Fenggang
Published: September 2019

Self-assembled binary multichromophore dendrimers HDSD–FDSD have been developed to increase the poling efficiency, refractive Index and stability of the EO materials.
Retracted Article: Gm5820, an antisense RNA of FGF1, suppresses FGF1 expression at the posttranscriptional level to inactivate the ERK/STAT3 pathway and alleviates neuropathic pain in mice
Authors: Zhang Xin , Yang Qing , Ding Tao , Xu Jingyu , Yan Zeng , Men Yanhua , Xin Wenqi , Xu Haixia
Published: September 2019

Emerging evidence reveals that lncRNAs play important roles in various pathological processes, but precious little indicates their regulatory role in neuropathic pain.
Hydrogen peroxide-assisted synthesis of oxygen-doped carbon nitride nanorods for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Liu Jiwei , Ding Guangzhou , Yu Jieyi , Liu Xianguo , Zhang Xuefeng , Guo Junjie , Ren Wei , Zhang Jincang , Che Renchao
Published: September 2019

One-dimensional oxygen-doped carbon nitride nanorods synthesized via a hydrogen peroxide-assisted process exhibit enhanced hydrogen evolution under visible light.
Designing dendronic-Raman markers for sensitive detection using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Jain Priyanka , Patra Robi Sankar , Rajaram Sridhar , Narayana Chandrabhas
Published: September 2019

A new approach of tuning SERS enhancement with the aid of coupling chemistry for trace detection. A greater number of Raman-active molecules are constrained in a dendronic framework as an improved SERS analyte.
Enhancement of efficiency and CCT uniformity for red phosphor thin films, red LEDs and laminated white LEDs based on near-ultraviolet LEDs using MgO nanoparticles
Authors: Zhuo Ningze , Zhang Na , Chen Peng , Wang Haibo
Published: September 2019

Red phosphor thin films (PTFs) with different MgO nanoparticle concentrations for near-ultraviolet (NUV) LEDs were prepared based on their strong scattering effect; red LEDs and laminated white LEDs were packaged further.
1,1-Difluoroethyl chloride (CH3CF2Cl), a novel difluoroalkylating reagent for 1,1-difluoroethylation of arylboronic acids
Authors: Liu Jianchang , Zhang Jida , Wu Chaolin , Liu Hefu , Liu Hui , Sun Fenggang , Li Yueyun , Liu Yuying , Dong Yunhui , Li Xinjin
Published: September 2019

1,1-Difluoroethylated aromatics are of great importance in medicinal chemistry and related fields.
Electron density learning of non-covalent systems
Authors: Fabrizio Alberto , Grisafi Andrea , Meyer Benjamin , Ceriotti Michele , Corminboeuf Clemence
Published: September 2019

Machine learning model of the electron densities for analyzing non-covalent interaction patterns in peptides.
Low-tortuosity and graded lithium ion battery cathodes by ice templating
Authors: Huang Chun , Dontigny Martin , Zaghib Karim , Grant Patrick S.
Published: September 2019

Ultra-thick cathodes with a gradient pore structure and fast ion transport channels achieving high energy densities.
Perylenetetracarboxylic diimide as a high-rate anode for potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Bai Yunfei , Fu Wenbin , Chen Wenhao , Chen Zhichun , Pan Xiaojun , Lv Xiaoxia , Wu Jincai , Pan Xiaobo
Published: September 2019

Benefitting from large space and semiconductor properties of PTCDI, a PTCDI electrode was constructed for PIBs. The electrode displays an excellent performance in optimized electrolytes which can be attributed to fast electron and ion transport kinetics.
Porous CuBi2O4 photocathodes with rationally engineered morphology and composition towards high-efficiency photoelectrochemical performance
Authors: Xu Youxun , Jian Jie , Li Fan , Liu Wei , Jia Lichao , Wang Hongqiang
Published: September 2019

Nanoporous CuBi2O4 films with different chemical compositions and tunable band structures for high-efficiency photoelectrochemical performance.
A switchable single-molecule electrochromic device derived from a viologen-tethered triazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)
Authors: Puguan John Marc C. , Kim Hern
Published: September 2019

This work demonstrates the synthesis of a switchable single-molecule electrochromic device generated by tethering a viologen onto a poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) via an alkyl linker.
Layer-by-layer zwitterionic modification of diverse substrates with durable anti-corrosion and anti-fouling properties
Authors: Li Shuangyang , Huang Pingsheng , Ye Zhanpeng , Wang Yaping , Wang Weiwei , Kong Deling , Zhang Jianhua , Deng Liandong , Dong Anjie
Published: September 2019

A layer-by-layer zwitterionic surface modification strategy for chemically distinct substrates with durable anti-corrosion and anti-fouling properties.
Luminescent covalent organic framework as a recyclable turn-off fluorescent sensor for cations and anions in aqueous solution
Authors: Li Ming , Cui Zhonghua , Pang Shirui , Meng Lingkun , Ma Dingxuan , Li Yi , Shi Zhan , Feng Shouhua
Published: September 2019

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have shown great potential for use in ion sensing; however, applications of existing COFs are limited to sensing either cations or anions.
Mandibular ameloblastic carcinoma: case report and literature review
Authors: Estublier Margaux , Desoutter Aline , Bodard Anne-Gaelle Chaux
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Ameloblastic carcinoma is an extremely rare malignant odontogenic tumor with predominantly mandibular localization. In most cases, it is treated surgically. Observation: Here, we describe a case of ameloblastic carcinoma. The patient presented a large expansive mass on the ascending branch of the left mandible, which was ulcerated and communicating with the oral cavity. He refused the proposed surgical treatment after being informed of the risk of facial decomposition. After several years, due to progressive symptomatology, he received palliative radiotherapy of 60 Gy divided into 30 sessions. Local control of the disease was achieved. Discussion: The efficiency of radiotherapy for ameloblastic carcinoma remains controversial. Conclusion: Radiotherapy appears to be a second-line approach when surgery is not feasible for ameloblastic carcinoma treatment.
Clozapine Disrupts Endothelial Nitric Oxide Signaling and Antioxidant System for its Cardiovascular Complications
Authors: Nair Gayathri M. , Skaria Dona Sheba , James Teenu , Kanthlal S. K.
Published: September 2019

Objective Many drugs in current practice require additional safety labels in order to prevent potential risks to the major organ system. Psychotropic agent clozapine has been reported to produce myocarditis and other cardiac complications on repeated use. Our study aimed to establish the role of clozapine in vascular damage associated with nitric oxide metabolism.

Method Isolated aortic strips incubated with clozapine at different dose levels were estimated for nitrite release and antioxidant systems such as glutathione and catalase. Vascular integrity assessment was performed by recording the acetylcholine induced relaxation of phenyephrine pre-contracted aorta.

Result From our study, it was found that clozapine depletes the nitric oxide level in the endothelium and enhance the oxidative stress. The aorta fails to relax completely after the addition of acetylcholine indicates the deranged eNOS signaling in the endothelium.

Conclusion From the experimental findings, it was concluded that clozapine could depress the eNOS regulation and thereby perhaps initiates cardiovascular complications through subsequent vascular events
Acute Effects of Different Training Loads on Affective Responses in Resistance-trained Men
Authors: Ribeiro Alex S. , dos Santos Erick D. , Nunes João Pedro , Schoenfeld Brad J.
Published: September 2019

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the acute effects of different training loads on ratings of perceived exertion and discomfort and feelings of pleasure/displeasure in resistance-trained men. Twelve resistance-trained men (26.7±3.5 years, 85.1±17.5 kg, and 174. 9±9.9 cm) performed 3 sets of the bench press, squat on a hack machine, and lat pulldown, until volitional concentric failure in two separate conditions: a moderate load (MOD) consisting of a relative load of 8–12 repetitions maximum (RM), and a light load (LIT) consisting of a relative load of 25–30RM. The session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), session rating of perceived discomfort (sRPD), and session pleasure/displeasure feelings (sPDF) were assessed after 15 min after the ending of each session. A randomized, counterbalanced, crossover study was performed with 48 h recovery afforded between sessions. Differences between conditions were observed for sRPE and sRPD, in which scores for LIT were greater than MOD (sRPE: MOD=5.5±1.0 vs. LIT=6.4±0.7; sRPD: MOD=6.7±1.7 vs. LIT=8.7±1.0). For sPDF, MOD reported feelings of pleasure (1.2), whereas the LIT presented a feeling of displeasure (–2.3). Results suggest that resistance training performed with a light load until failure induces higher degrees of effort, discomfort and displeasure compared to a moderate load.
Surgical Outcomes and Risk Analysis of Primary Pulmonary Sarcoma
Authors: Yamada Yoshito , Kaplan Tevfik , Soltermann Alex , Schmitt-Opitz Isabelle , Schneiter Didier , Weder Walter , Inci Ilhan
Published: September 2019

Background Primary pulmonary sarcoma (PPS) is a rare malignant lung neoplasm, and there is very little medical evidence about treatment of PPS. The aim of this study is to clarify the clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcome of patients who underwent surgical resection for PPS.

Methods We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent surgical resection for PPS in our institution between 1995 and 2014. Cases who only underwent biopsy were excluded.

Results A total of 24 patients (18 males, 6 females), with a median age of 60 (interquartile range: 44–67) years, were analyzed. The surgical procedures performed in these patients were pneumonectomy (n = 10), lobectomy (n = 11), and wedge resection (n = 3). Complete resection was achieved in 16 patients. The pathological stages (tumor, node, metastases lung cancer classification, 8th edition) of the patients were I (n = 4), II (n = 12), III (n = 2), and IV (n = 5), and there were four cases of lymph node metastasis. The 5-year overall survival rate of the patients was 50% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 29–72). Adverse prognostic factors for overall survival were incomplete resection (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.4, 95% CI: 2.1–42), advanced pathological stage (HR 14, 95% CI: 2.8–66), higher pathological grade (HR 4.5, 95% CI: 1.2–17), and tumor size ≥ 7 cm (HR 4.7, 95% CI: 1.1–21).

Conclusions Our series of PPS revealed that incomplete resection, advanced pathological stage, higher pathological grade, and tumor size were unfavorable factors for long-term survival.
Multiparametric MRI and MR Spectroscopic Imaging of Prostate Lesions with Implementation of PI-RADS and Histopathological Correlation: A Prospective Analysis
Authors: Ravikanth Reddy , Majumdar Pooja
Published: September 2019

Introduction Majority of the elderly male population suffers from prostatism due to enlargement of the prostate as a result of what is now regarded as male climacteric. For standardizing multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate, the European Society of Urogenital Radiology published Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) in 2012. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) uses a strong magnetic field to obtain metabolic information that identifies the relative concentrations of various metabolites in the cell cytoplasm and the extracellular space. Prostate carcinoma is associated with proportionately lower levels of citrate and higher levels of choline and creatine than are seen in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or in normal prostate. This difference can be detected by MRSI.

Aim This study has been undertaken with the objective of finding how reliable MRI is in establishing the diagnosis of lesions of prostate and to correlate the histopathological (HPE) findings of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)–guided targeted prostate biopsy with the PI-RADS scoring (Version 2) on MRI in patients. Also, the study evaluates the accuracy of MRSI in the detection of prostatic carcinoma in men with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels.

Materials and Methods A prospective study was undertaken at a tertiary care hospital during a period of 2 years from May 2017 to April 2019 on 50 patients with PSA > 4 ng/dL and with palpable lesion on digital rectal examination. MRI and MRSI were performed with a 1.5-Tesla body MRI system. The pelvic phased-array coil was used for both excitation and signal reception. Imaging was done using standard protocols. Histological material was obtained from prostate chippings from transurethral resection of prostate.

Results Fifty patients with elevated PSA levels underwent MRI, MRSI, TRUS-guided biopsy and documented PI-RADS scores. Eight patients had PI-RADS 1 score, 2 patients had PI-RADS 2 score, 8 patients had PI-RADS 3 score, 14 patients had PI-RAD 4 score, and 18 patients had PI-RADS 5 score. Thirty-two patients with PI-RADS 4 and PI-RADS 5 on imaging showed positive for malignancy on HPE, showing significant association on Chi-square test with X2 = 16.412 and p < 0.001 (statistically significant). MRSI detected 36 patients on biopsy proven cases of carcinoma (sensitivity 89.5%, specificity 64%, and accuracy 88%).

Conclusion This study showed a very good correlation between positivity of prostate carcinoma on HPE and higher PI-RADS (4 and 5, respectively). PI-RADS overall score had 94% sensitivity compared with components such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI, 78%) and T2 hypointensity (72%). MRSI is more sensitive and specific compared with T2-weighted images alone.
Asymmetric modes suppression in Cerenkov device using anisotropic media
Authors: Fan Zhiqiang , Sun Jun , Cao Yibing , Song Zhimin , Huang Kaiyan , Wu Ping , Shi Yanchao
Published: September 2019

Asymmetric modes competition in Cerenkov devices were studied with a view to developing a novel method to suppress modes competition, based on loading of the slow-wave structure (SWS) with an anisotropic medium. Due to differences in the field distribution between the asymmetric and symmetric modes, the asymmetric modes are susceptible to significant attenuation in anisotropic media with an appropriate imaginary part for the azimuthal permittivity. In contrast, the symmetric modes, such as the TM01 mode, incur no such losses. Using the EH11 mode as an example, the quality factor obtained from experiments involving the SWS loaded with an anisotropic medium was reduced by approximately 90% compared with that for a copper SWS. The attenuation was sufficiently high that the electromagnetic fields for the asymmetric modes were barely established, indicating that the suppression technique was highly effective. The approach provides a feasible way to eliminate asymmetric modes in high-power microwave (HPM) sources and may lead to a range of new applications in HPM systems.
The indentation and wear performance of hardfacing layers on H13 steel for use in high temperature application
Authors: Tian Jiyu , Hu Yong , Zhao Hongwei , Hu Ye , Li Yang , Zhou Shuilong , Cao Changye , Zhang Ling
Published: September 2019

TBM (Full face rock tunnel boring machine) is a large tunnel excavation lining complete equipment which has been widely used in many practical fields. The main components of TBM rock breaking are the disc cutters. Due to the harsh working environment of TBM, such as high temperature (400°C), wear, etc., the consumption of disc cutters is extremely high. Two welding methods used to repair cutters of TBM were analyzed in this paper: shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and flux cored arc welding (FCAW). The microstructure at RT was investigated, the hardness, indentation modulus and wear resistance from RT to 400°C were also investigated. The results showed that the microstructure of FCAW hardfacing layers was finer. In the tests, the FCAW hardfacing layers showed better hardness and elastic modulus, both parameters reduced with increasing temperature. The FCAW hardfacing layers processed higher wear resistance from RT to 400°C. A thick oxide layer was observed, and it was partially removed when the temperature reached 400°C, and it has a certain protective effect on the worn surface. Therefore, the FCAW hardfacing layers are considered as a good choice due to the better mechanical performance from RT to 400°C.
Simulation of a microstructure fiber pressure sensor based on lossy mode resonance
Authors: Wang Xuezhou , Wang Qi , Song Zhiwei , Qi Kangru
Published: September 2019

We design and theoretically model a highly sensitive pressure sensor based on lossy mode resonance with a microstructure fiber. The microstructure fiber sensor is manufactured with an exposed-core photonics crystal fiber, on which a TiO2/HfO2/rubber polymer trilayer is coated. Using the sensitive film as a sensing channel avoids filling the air holes with liquid. Strong birefringence with x-polarized and y-polarized peaks is generated because of the asymmetric sensing region. The y-polarization has a higher coupling efficiency and the sensitivity of the y-polarized peak is higher than that of the x-polarization. An extremely high refractive index (RI) sensitivity 67 000 nm/RIU is obtained in the sensing range of 1.33–1.39. The TiO2/HfO2 bilayer film dramatically increases the pressure sensitivity of the sensor to a peak of 5.0μm/MPa, which is 2.5 times more sensitive than previously reported lossy mode resonance (LMR) sensors. In addition, the performance of the sensor is optimized by adjusting the type and thickness of the film. This paper provides a reference for developing a microstructure pressure sensor based on lossy mode resonance.
Modified Frost formula for the mobilities of positive ions in their parent gases
Authors: Khrapak Sergey A. , Khrapak Alexey G.
Published: September 2019

A modification to the semi-empirical Frost formula for the mobilities of singly charged positive ions in their parent gases is proposed. The modified expression demonstrates excellent agreement with experimental results for different ionized rare gases in a very extended range of reduced field strengths.
Heat transfer in a permeable cavity filled with a ferrofluid under electric force and radiation effects
Authors: Saleem S. , Shafee Ahmad , Nawaz M. , Dara Rebwar Nasir , Tlili Iskander , Bonyah Ebenezer
Published: September 2019

The behavior of ferrofluid inside a porous space due to electric field has been investigated through an innovative approach. The coupled equations were solved with Control volume finite element method. Properties of Fe3O4- Ethylene glycol nanofluid are functions of electric field and nanoparticles’ shape. Radiative term has been involved in energy equation. Impacts of nanoparticles’ shape with various relevant parameters on nanofluid thermal behavior have been depicted.
Halogen Functionalization of Aluminium Fumarate Metal–Organic Framework via In Situ Hydrochlorination of Acetylenedicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Matemb Ma Ntep Tobie J. , Wu Wei , Breitzke Hergen , Schlüsener Carsten , Moll Bastian , Schmolke Laura , Buntkowsky Gerd , Janiak Christoph
Published: September 2019

The successful chloro-functionalization of aluminium fumarate (MIL-53-Fum) was achieved by in situ hydrochlorination of acetylenedicarboxylic acid on reaction with aluminium chloride resulting in the formation of the aluminium chlorofumarate metal–organic framework (MIL-53-Fum-Cl=[Al(OH)(Fum-Cl)]) in a one-pot reaction. The chloro functional groups decorating the pores enhance gas (CO2, CH4, and H2) sorption capacities and affinity compared with the non-functionalized MIL-53-Fum. The functionalization also results in a 2-fold increase in the selective adsorption of CO2 over CH4 compared with MIL-53-Fum.
Chinese cinema in Spain
Authors: Casas-Tost Helena , Rovira-Esteva Sara
Published: September 2019

Audiovisual translation has become one of the main means of communication between cultures. Although the number of Chinese films that reach Spanish audiences is rather limited, the cinema is still a very powerful tool in bridging the gap between these two cultures. This paper aims to give an overview of the situation of Chinese cinema in Spain through audiovisual translation. In order to do so, a database of 500 Chinese films translated into Spanish has been created. For each film, different types of information organized into three blocks have been collected: firstly, data regarding the source film in Chinese; secondly, data on the translated film; and finally, information about paratexts related to the film in Chinese, Spanish and English. Through a quantitative and qualitative analysis of our data the main trends in Chinese-Spanish audiovisual translation from the mid-1970s to today are shown. Our results identify the most popular Chinese directors and the main genres and translation modalities. We point out the role of the translator and the importance of mediating languages; and, finally, we highlight the significance of distribution channels, particularly film festivals. This article aims at filling the gap with regard to research in audiovisual translation as an intercultural exchange between China and Spain.
Serum‐free media supplements carry miRNAs that co‐purify with extracellular vesicles
Authors: Auber Martin , Fröhlich Dominik , Drechsel Oliver , Karaulanov Emil , Krämer‐Albers Eva‐Maria
Published: September 2019

Recent studies on extracellular RNA raised awareness that extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from cultured cells may co‐purify RNAs derived from media supplements such as fetal bovine serum (FBS) confounding EV‐associated RNA. Defined culture media supplemented with a range of nutrient components provide an alternative to FBS addition and allow EV‐collection under full medium conditions avoiding starvation and cell stress during the collection period. However, the potential contribution of serum‐free media supplements to EV‐RNA contamination has remained elusive and has never been assessed. Here, we report that RNA isolated from EVs harvested from cells under serum‐replacement conditions includes miRNA contaminants carried into the sample by defined media components. Subjecting unconditioned, EV‐free medium to differential centrifugation followed by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) on RNA isolated from the pellet resulted in detection of miRNAs that had been classified as EV‐enriched by RNA‐seq or RT‐qPCR of an isolated EV‐fraction. Ribonuclease (RNase‐A) and detergent treatment removed most but not all of the contaminating miRNAs. Further analysis of the defined media constituents identified Catalase as a main source of miRNAs co‐isolating together with EVs. Hence, miRNA contaminants can be carried into EV‐samples even under serum‐free harvesting conditions using culture media that are expected to be chemically defined. Formulation of miRNA‐free media supplements may provide a solution to collect EVs clean from confounding miRNAs, which however still remains a challenging task. Differential analysis of EVs collected under full medium and supplement‐deprived conditions appears to provide a strategy to discriminate confounding and EV‐associated RNA. In conclusion, we recommend careful re‐evaluation and validation of EV small RNA‐seq and RT‐qPCR datasets by determining potential medium background.
Multi-objective strategy to optimize dithering technique for high-quality three-dimensional shape measurement*
Authors: Cai Ning , Chen Zhe-Bo , Cao Xiang-Qun , Lin Bin
Published: September 2019

Dithering optimization techniques can be divided into the phase-optimized technique and the intensity-optimized technique. The problem with the former is the poor sensitivity to various defocusing amounts, and the problem with the latter is that it cannot enhance phase quality directly nor efficiently. In this paper, we present a multi-objective optimization framework for three-dimensional (3D) measurement by utilizing binary defocusing technique. Moreover, a binary patch optimization technique is used to solve the time-consuming issue of genetic algorithm. It is demonstrated that the presented technique consistently obtains significant phase performance improvement under various defocusing amounts.
Low insertion loss silicon-based spatial light modulator with high reflective materials outside Fabry–Perot cavity*
Authors: Tian Li-Fei , Kuang Ying-Xin , Fan Zhong-Chao , Li Zhi-Yong
Published: September 2019

The extinction ratio and insertion loss of spatial light modulator are subject to the material problem, thus limiting its applications. One reflection-type silicon-based spatial light modulator with high reflective materials outside the Fabry–Perot cavity is demonstrated in this paper. The reflectivity values of the outside-cavity materials with different film layer numbers are simulated. The reflectivity values of 6-pair Ta2O5/SiO2 films at 1550 nm are experimentally verified to be as high as 99.9%. The surfaces of 6-pair Ta2O5/SiO2 films are smooth: their root-mean-square roughness values are as small as 0.53 nm. The insertion loss of the device at 1550 nm is only 1.2 dB. The high extinction ratio of the device at 1550 nm and 11 V is achieved to be 29.7 dB. The spatial light modulator has a high extinction ratio and low insertion loss for applications.
A gate-free MoS2 phototransistor assisted by ferroelectrics
Authors: Wu Shuaiqin , Wu Guangjian , Wang Xudong , Chen Yan , Lin Tie , Shen Hong , Hu Weida , Meng Xiangjian , Wang Jianlu , Chu Junhao
Published: September 2019

During the past decades, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have received special focus for their unique properties in photoelectric detection. As one important member of TMDs, MoS2 has been made into photodetector purely or combined with other materials, such as graphene, ionic liquid, and ferroelectric materials. Here, we report a gate-free MoS2 phototransistor combined with organic ferroelectric material poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)). In this device, the remnant polarization field in P(VDF-TrFE) is obtained from the piezoelectric force microscope (PFM) probe with a positive or negative bias, which can turn the dipoles from disorder to be the same direction. Then, the MoS2 channel can be maintained at an accumulated state with downward polarization field modulation and a depleted state with upward polarization field modulation. Moreover, the P(VDF-TrFE) segregates MoS2 from oxygen and water molecules around surroundings, which enables a cleaner surface state. As a photodetector, an ultra-low dark current of 10–11 A, on/off ration of more than 104 and a fast photoresponse time of 120 μs are achieved. This work provides a new method to make high-performance phototransistors assisted by the ferroelectric domain which can operate without a gate electrode and demonstrates great potential for ultra-low power consumption applications.
Giant modulation of magnetism in (Ga,Mn)As ultrathin films via electric field
Authors: Wang Hailong , Ma Jialin , Zhao Jianhua
Published: September 2019

Taking the advantages of semiconducting properties and carrier-mediated ferromagnetism in (Ga,Mn)As, a giant modulation of magnetism via electric field in (Ga,Mn)As ultrathin film has been demonstrated. Specifically, huge interfacial electric field is obtained by using ionic liquid as the gate dielectric. Both magnetization and transport measurements are employed to characterize the samples, while the transport data are used to analyze the electric filed effect on magnetism. Complete demagnetization of (Ga,Mn)As film is then realized by thinning its thickness down to ~2 nm, during which the degradation of ferromagnetism of (Ga,Mn)As ultrathin film induced by quantum confinement effect is suppressed by inserting a heavily-doped p-type GaAs buffer layer. The variation of the Curie temperature is more than 100 K, which is nearly 5-times larger than previous results. Our results provide a new pathway on the efficient electrical control of magnetism.
Increased individual homozygosity is correlated with low fitness in a fragmented lizard population
Authors: Pérez-Tris Javier , Llanos-Garrido Alejandro , Bloor Paul , Carbonell Roberto , Tellería José Luis , Santos Tomás , Díaz José A
Published: September 2019

Isolation owing to anthropogenic habitat fragmentation is expected to increase the homozygosity of individuals, which might reduce their fitness as a result of inbreeding depression. Using samples from a fragmented population of the lizard Psammodromus algirus, for which we had data about two correlates of fitness, we genotyped individuals for six microsatellite loci that correctly capture genome-wide individual homozygosity of these lizards (as validated with an independent sample of lizards genotyped for both these microsatellites and > 70 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms). Our data revealed genetic structure at a very small geographical scale, which was compatible with restricted gene flow among populations disconnected in a matrix of inhospitable habitat. Lizards from the same fragment were genetically more related to one another than expected by chance, and individual homozygosity was greater in small than in large fragments. Within fragments, individual homozygosity was negatively associated with adult body size and clutch mass, revealing a link among reduced gene flow, increased homozygosity and lowered fitness that might reduce population viability deterministically. Our results contribute to mounting evidence of the impact of the loss of genetic diversity on fragmented wild populations.
P2Y12 inhibitors in acute coronary syndrome patients with renal dysfunction: an analysis from the RENAMI and BleeMACS projects
Authors: De Filippo Ovidio , D’Ascenzo Fabrizio , Raposeiras-Roubin Sergio , Abu-Assi Emad , Peyracchia Mattia , Bocchino Pier Paolo , Kinnaird Tim , Ariza-Solé Albert , Liebetrau Christoph , Manzano-Fernández Sergio , Boccuzzi Giacomo , Henriques Jose Paulo Simao , Templin Christian , Wilton Stephen B , Omedè Pierluigi , Velicki Lazar , Xanthopoulou Ioanna , Correia Luis , Cerrato Enrico , Rognoni Andrea , Fabrizio Ugo , Nuñez-Gil Iván , Iannaccone Mario , Montabone Andrea , Taha Salma , Fujii Toshiharu , Durante Alessandro , Song Xiantao , Gili Sebastiano , Magnani Giulia , Varbella Ferdinando , Kawaji Tetsuma , Blanco Pedro Flores , Garay Alberto , Quadri Giorgio , Alexopoulos Dimitrios , Caneiro Queija Berenice , Huczek Zenon , Cobas Paz Rafael , González Juanatey José Ramón , Cespón Fernández María , Nie Shao-Ping , Muñoz Pousa Isabel , Kawashiri Masa-Aki , Gallo Diego , Morbiducci Umberto , Conrotto Federico , Montefusco Antonio , Dominguez-Rodriguez Alberto , López-Cuenca Angel , Cequier Angel , Iñiguez-Romo Andrés , Usmiani Tullio , Rinaldi Mauro , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria
Published: September 2019

Aims

The aim of the present study was to establish the safety and efficacy profile of prasugrel and ticagrelor in real-life acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with renal dysfunction.

Methods and results

All consecutive patients from RENAMI (REgistry of New Antiplatelets in patients with Myocardial Infarction) and BLEEMACS (Bleeding complications in a Multicenter registry of patients discharged with diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome) registries were stratified according to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) lower or greater than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Death and myocardial infarction (MI) were the primary efficacy endpoints. Major bleedings (MBs), defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium bleeding types 3 to 5, constituted the safety endpoint. A total of 19 255 patients were enrolled. Mean age was 63 ± 12; 14 892 (77.3%) were males. A total of 2490 (12.9%) patients had chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined as eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Mean follow-up was 13 ± 5 months. Mortality was significantly higher in CKD patients (9.4% vs. 2.6%, P < 0.0001), as well as the incidence of reinfarction (5.8% vs. 2.9%, P < 0.0001) and MB (5.7% vs. 3%, P < 0.0001). At Cox multivariable analysis, potent P2Y12 inhibitors significantly reduced the mortality rate [hazard ratio (HR) 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54–0.96; P = 0.006] and the risk of reinfarction (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.30–0.95; P = 0.033) in CKD patients as compared to clopidogrel. The reduction of risk of reinfarction was confirmed in patients with preserved renal function. Potent P2Y12 inhibitors did not increase the risk of MB in CKD patients (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.59–1.68; P = 0.985).

Conclusion

In ACS patients with CKD, prasugrel and ticagrelor are associated with lower risk of death and recurrent MI without increasing the risk of MB.
Cohort profile: the Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP)
Authors: Wilkinson Chris , Weston Clive , Timmis Adam , Quinn Tom , Keys Alan , Gale Chris P
Published: September 2019

Aims

The Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP) collects data from admissions in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland with Type 1 myocardial infarction (T1 MI). The project aims to improve clinical care through the audit process and to provide powerful high-resolution data for research.

Methods and results

MINAP collects data spanning 130 data fields covering the course of patient care, from the moment the patient calls for professional help through to hospital discharge and rehabilitation. Data are entered by clinicians and clerical staff within hospitals, and pseudonymized records are uploaded centrally to the National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (NICOR), hosted by Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK. Two hundred and six hospitals submit over 92 000 new cases to MINAP annually. Approximately 1.5 million patient records are currently held in the database. Patient demographics, medical history, clinical assessment, investigations, treatments, drug therapy prior to admission, during hospital stay, and at discharge are collected. Data completeness of three key data fields (age, admission blood pressure, and heart rate) is over 91%. Vital status following hospital discharge is obtained via linkage to data from the United Kingdom Office for National Statistics. An annual report is compiled using these data, with individual hospital summary data included. Datasets are available to researchers by application to NICOR.

Conclusion

MINAP is the largest single healthcare system heart attack registry, and includes data from hospitalizations with T1 MI in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. It includes high-resolution data across the patient pathway and is a powerful tool for quality improvement and research.
Characterization of the microbiome and bioluminescent symbionts across life stages of Ceratioid Anglerfishes of the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Freed Lindsay L , Easson Cole , Baker Lydia J , Fenolio Danté , Sutton Tracey T , Khan Yasmin , Blackwelder Patricia , Hendry Tory A , Lopez Jose V
Published: September 2019

The interdependence of diverse organisms through symbiosis reaches even the deepest parts of the oceans. As part of the DEEPEND project (deependconsortium.org) research on deep Gulf of Mexico biodiversity, we profiled the bacterial communities (‘microbiomes’) and luminous symbionts of 36 specimens of adult and larval deep-sea anglerfishes of the suborder Ceratioidei using 16S rDNA. Transmission electron microscopy was used to characterize the location of symbionts in adult light organs (esca). Whole larval microbiomes, and adult skin and gut microbiomes, were dominated by bacteria in the genera Moritella and Pseudoalteromonas. 16S rDNA sequencing results from adult fishes corroborate the previously published identity of ceratioid bioluminescent symbionts and support the findings that these symbionts do not consistently exhibit host specificity at the host family level. Bioluminescent symbiont amplicon sequence variants were absent from larval ceratioid samples, but were found at all depths in the seawater, with a highest abundance found at mesopelagic depths. As adults spend the majority of their lives in the meso- and bathypelagic zones, the trend in symbiont abundance is consistent with their life history. These findings support the hypothesis that bioluminescent symbionts are not present throughout host development, and that ceratioids acquire their bioluminescent symbionts from the environment.
Effects of chitosan oligosaccharide-nisin conjugates formed by Maillard reaction on the intestinal microbiota of high-fat diet-induced obesity mice model
Authors: Zheng Xiaojie , Zhang Xin , Xiong Chunhua
Published: September 2019

Objectives

The goal of this study was to evaluate the modulatory effect of chitosan oligosaccharide-nisin conjugate (CON-C) on intestinal microbiota of human flora-associated (HFA) mice and also reveal its effect towards the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Both Chitosan oligosaccharides and nisin showed great potential in modulating the intestinal microbiota, so it is worth to explore whether the modulation effect of chitosan oligosaccharide could be improved by covalently binding with nisin.

Materials and Methods

CON-C was prepared by heating the mixed solution of chitosan oligosaccharide and nisin at 80°C and pH 2.0 for 24h. The structure of CON-C were analyzed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The CON-C’s anti-obesity effect and modulatory effect toward intestinal microbiota were analyzed using human flora-associated (HFA) mice model.

Results

CON-C could alleviated HFD-induced gut dysbiosis, by significantly decreasing the numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus/Enterococcus spp., and increasing the numbers of Bacteroides–Prevotella and Clostridium groups. CON-C could also enriched the most differentially expressed genes through KEGG pathways of biosynthesis of amino acids, two-component system, and ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters.

Conclusions

The improved therapeutic effect of CON-C against HFD-induced obesity has been approved, and hence, CON-C has a great potential to be utilized as a functional food ingredient in reducing body weight.
“Making the desert blossom as the rose”: The American Christian Palestine Committee’s “Children’s Memorial Forest” and Postwar Land Acquisition in Palestine
Authors: Weiss Amy
Published: September 2019

The American Christian Palestine Committee believed that Palestine, and not Europe or any other location, should memorialize the European Jewish victims of the Holocaust. Founded in 1946, the ACPC partnered with the Jewish National Fund to establish the Children’s Memorial Forest, a memorial to the more than 1 million Jewish children who perished in the Nazi genocide. Its fundraising campaign sought to plant saplings in the Ein Hashofet region, constituting an early form of Holocaust education among American Sunday school children. It solicited theologically liberal, or mainline, American Protestants’ participation in a land reclamation project aimed at advancing Jewish statehood.
The case for a new Venezuelan Hydrocarbons Law as the basis of a new Hydrocarbons Policy: unlocking the path for recovery, stabilization and growth
Authors: Hernandez Jose Ignacio , Bellorin Carlos
Published: September 2019

Two decades of predatory policies, kleptocracy and mismanagement led Venezuela, once one of the top-oil producers in the world, to an unparalleled collapse, social and political crisis. This article discusses the importance of the role of the oil industry in the country’s eventual recovery and why a new oil policy will be needed to accomplish this objective. Such hydrocarbons policy may only be taken by the enactment of a new Hydrocarbons Law. This focuses on the analysis of the main provisions and changes contained in a new Hydrocarbons Law Bill presented to the National Assembly in June 2019.
Shunt Failure—The First 30 Days
Authors: Lee Ryan P , Ajmera Sonia , Thomas Fridtjof , Dave Pooja , Lillard Jock C , Wallace David , Broussard Austin , Motiwala Mustafa , Norrdahl Sebastian P , Venable Garrett T , Khan Nickalus R , Harrell Camden , Jones Tamekia L , Vaughn Brandy N , Gooldy Tim , Hersh David S , Klimo Paul
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Incontrovertible predictors of shunt malfunction remain elusive.

OBJECTIVE

To determine predictors of shunt failure within 30 d of index surgery.

METHODS

This was a single-center retrospective cohort study from January 2010 through November 2016. Using a ventricular shunt surgery research database, clinical and procedural variables were procured. An “index surgery” was defined as implantation of a new shunt or revision or augmentation of an existing shunt system. The primary outcome was shunt failure of any kind within the first 30 days of index surgery. Bivariate models were created, followed by a final multivariable logistic regression model using a backward-forward selection procedure.

RESULTS

Our dataset contained 655 unique patients with a total of 1206 operations. The median age for the cohort at the time of first shunt surgery was 4.6 yr (range, 0-28; first and third quartile, .37 and 11.8, respectively). The 30-day failure rates were 12.4% when analyzing the first-index operation only (81/655), and 15.7% when analyzing all-index operations (189/1206). Small or slit ventricles at the time of index surgery and prior ventricular shunt operations were found to be significant covariates in both the “first-index” (P < .01 and P = .05, respectively) and “all-index” (P = .02 and P < .01, respectively) multivariable models. Intraventricular hemorrhage at the time of index surgery was an additional predictor in the all-index model (P = .01).

CONCLUSION

This study demonstrates that only 3 variables are predictive of 30-day shunt failure when following established variable selection procedures, 2 of which are potentially under direct control of the surgeon.