bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary neutronic analyses for annular VHTR with different coated fuel particle designs
Authors: Sambuu Odmaa , Batsaikhan Khukhsuvd
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the present work is to determine the neutronic characteristics of annular cylindrical prismatic Very High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (VHTR) with different advanced fuel designs. The study includes detailed neutronic investigations of the eight types of TRISO (containing SiC layer) and TRIZO (containing ZrC layer) fuel particles for annular VHTR core. All calculations were performed using continuous energy Monte Carlo code MVP2.0 and MVPBURN with JENDL4.0 nuclear data library. The obtained results indicated that SiC + PyC and PyC layers in TRISO fuel appeared to be not excellent choice for the annular VHTR core due to its shorter operation year and, lower fuel burnup. The annular cylindrical prismatic core fueled with TRIZO fuel particle shows good neutronic characteristics compared to those designed with other TRISO fuel particles.
Riemannian invariants for warped product submanifolds in
Q
ε
m
×
R
{{\mathbb{Q}}}_{\varepsilon }^{m}\times {\mathbb{R}}
and their applications
Authors: Li Yanlin , Alshehri Norah , Ali Akram
Published: October 2024

This article investigates the geometric and topologic of warped product submanifolds in Riemannian warped product

Q

ε

m

×
R

{{\mathbb{Q}}}_{\varepsilon }^{m}\times {\mathbb{R}}

. In this respect, we obtain the first Chen inequality that involves extrinsic invariants like the length of the warping functions and the mean curvature. This inequality involves two intrinsic invariants (sectional curvature and

δ

\delta

-invariant). In addition, an integral bound is provided for the Bochner operator formula of compact warped product submanifolds in terms of the Ricci curvature gradient. We aim to apply this theory to many structures and obtain Dirichlet eigenvalues for problem applications. Some new results regarding the vanishing mean curvature are presented as a partial solution, and this can be considered for the well-known problem given by Chern.
Complete asymmetric polarization conversion at zero-eigenvalue exceptional points of non-Hermitian metasurfaces
Authors: Oh Donghak , Baek Soojeong , Lee Sangha , Lee Kyungmin , Park Jagang , Liu Zhaowei , Kim Teun-Teun , Min Bumki
Published: October 2024

Non-Hermitian systems can be tuned to exhibit exceptional points, where both eigenvalues and eigenstates coalesce concurrently. The inherent adaptability of photonic non-Hermitian systems in configuring gain and loss has allowed us to observe a plethora of counterintuitive phenomena, largely as a consequence of the eigenspace reduction at these exceptional points. In this work, we propose a non-Hermitian metasurface that, through the incorporation of gain, enables complete asymmetric polarization conversion at an exceptional point with a zero eigenvalue. Specifically, we provide numerical evidence for this concept by designing a non-Hermitian metasurface that facilitates polarization conversion from right to left circular polarization, while preventing conversion in the reverse direction and co-polarized transmission. Furthermore, our investigation reveals that this specific form of complete asymmetric polarization conversion results in maximum circular dichroism in transmission, thereby eliminating the need for external chirality or three-dimensional helical structures. This non-Hermitian technique offers an intriguing approach to designing polarization-sensitive optical devices and systems, further expanding their functionalities and capabilities.
Transverse optical torque from the magnetic spin angular momentum
Authors: Wen Jiquan , He Fengling , Feng Lv , Lu Wanli , Lin Zhifang , Zheng Hongxia , Chen Huajin
Published: October 2024

We report a transverse optical torque exerted on a conventional isotropic spherical particle in a direction perpendicular to that of the illuminating wave propagation. By using full-wave simulations and deriving an analytical expression of the transverse optical torque for particle of arbitrary size, the origin of this transverse optical torque is traced exclusively to the magnetic part of the spin angular momentum, regardless of the size and composition of the illuminated particle. To our surprise, for a non-magnetic dielectric particle, the transverse optical torque is found to originate mainly from the magnetic response of the particle, even when the particle size is much smaller than the illuminating wavelength. This is contrary to the general intuition that the electric response of a non-magnetic dielectric particle dominates its magnetic response in the mechanical effect of light, especially in the Rayleigh limit.
Vessel use at the Mycenaean Palace of Ayios Vasileios, Laconia, using Organic Residue Analysis
Authors: Spiteri Cynthianne , Kardamaki Eleftheria , Becher Julia , Belser Matthias , Fratucello Lioba , Heikkilä Raija Katarina , Labra-Odde Catalina , Mathur Arvin Raj , Mittelstädt Katja , Jung Reinhard
Published: October 2024

In Mycenaean palaces a wide range of consumption activities took place, from the most exclusive to mass-consumption. Here we apply organic residue analysis to a typologically wide ceramic assemblage from the Mycenaean palace of Ayios Vasileios (early fourteenth to mid thirteenth century BC), and the succeeding settlement of the early twelfth century BC, with the aim of investigating the functions of common shapes and to observe patterns of chronological and spatial differentiation related to the palatial and post-palatial phases, the first study of its kind for a Mycenaean palace.
Advancement in schiff base complexes for treatment of colon cancer
Authors: Kadhum Afaf Murtadha , Mallah Shaimaa Hassan , Waheeb Azal Shakir , Salman Abbas Washeel , Zafar Ayesha , Ahmad Nafeesa Sajjad , Siraj Saira , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan
Published: October 2024

Schiff bases have proven to be beneficial in medicine and have interesting complexation capabilities with transition metals. The +4, +5, and +6 oxidation states of schiff base metal complexes have been the subject of recent review, which have highlighted their notable cytotoxic effects against various colon cancer cell lines (HT-29, HCT-116, SW-480, Coco-2, CT-26, LT-174, LoVo). Extensive research has focused on schiff base metal complexes in the +4 and +6 oxidation states, exhibiting distinct geometries and significant thermodynamic stability. These studies provide IC50 values for these complexes in colon cancer cell lines along with comprehensive structural representations that shed light on how different substituents affect cytotoxicity. When compared to schiff base ligands alone, metal complexes of schiff bases have been shown to significantly reduce colon cancer cell invasion and proliferation. The studied literature emphasizes schiff base metal complexe’s potential in biological applications and suggests that more study may be necessary to fully comprehend their biology. To enable more sophisticated multidisciplinary study in this field, future investigations should focus on synthesizing novel complexes with enhanced bioavailability, solubility, and low toxicity.
A Laplacian eigenbasis for threshold graphs
Authors: Macharete Rafael R. , Del-Vecchio Renata R. , Teixeira Heber , de Lima Leonardo
Published: October 2024

Let

G

G

be a graph on

n

n

vertices. In this article, we prove that an eigenbasis of the Laplacian matrix of a star graph of order

n

n

is also an eigenbasis of

G

G

if and only if

G

G

is a threshold graph. As an application of this spectral characterization, we show an infinite family of threshold graphs that are weakly Hadamard diagonalizable.
Sonda didáctica para espectrofotometría visible
Authors: Orlando Guerrero Israel Jesús , Hernández Paxtián Zulma Janet , Sánchez Acevedo Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2024

Las sondas empleadas en el aula para el aprendizaje de física, permiten al alumno medir y desplegar variables en tiempo real. Su principal interés en la educación, radica en la unión de ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas, con el fin de mejorar el aprendizaje. En esta investigación se presenta el diseño óptico, mecánico y algoritmo de control, de una sonda empleada para el aprendizaje del concepto transmitancia de luz.  La sonda consiste de un espectrofotómetro de un solo haz y una cámara digital conectada a una computadora. Las componentes del espectrofotómetro, fueron alineadas y ensambladas en una carcasa, manufacturadas con una impresora 3D. El desempeño de la sonda fue evaluado por medio de cuatro muestras estándares empleados en espectroscopia, sus gráficas de transmitancia muestran máximos característicos reportados en la literatura, lo cuál demuestra un buen desempeño de la sonda para la educación STEM (ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas).    
Palabras claves: Sondas, STEM, Óptica, Espectrofotometría visible.
Guangdong’s New R&D Institutes
Authors: Conlé Marcus
Published: October 2024

In pursuit of technological development, China has created new organizations to promote innovation. This brief examines New Research and Development Institutes (NRDIs), which are designed to foster knowledge transfer to industry. NRDIs were pioneered in Guangdong province in the 1990s, and have gained prominence in China’s national science, technology, and innovation policies since the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016–2020). NRDIs are defined by their market orientation and extremely flexible organizational form. They work by establishing “innovation platforms” with local governments and private knowledge actors to carry out research and development (R&D), commercialize scientific and technological achievements, incubate local technology industries, and cultivate high-end talent. NRDIs have been instrumental to regional development in Guangdong, and especially Shenzhen, where they have succeeded in attracting talent from outside the region. NRDIs have important policy implications for international competition for talent. Understanding NRDIs is crucial for other countries that want to improve their own inter-regional innovation resources and respond to the challenge of China’s drive to attract global talent and knowledge resources.
China’s Endless Frontier
Authors: Laha Michael
Published: October 2024

Chinese President Xi Jinping has advocated for scientific and technological self-reliance amid increasing global tensions over emerging technologies. So far though, reforms to China’s innovation ecosystem have fallen short of the goal of developing domestic versions of many of the technologies at the center of U.S.-China competition. The Ministry of Education’s new program called “organized scientific research” seeks to address this shortcoming. In so doing, the ministry aims to channel research resources toward strategically relevant sectors—especially in technologies susceptible to U.S. restrictions—while maintaining space for free scientific exploration.
Propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira do Female Sexual Function Index em mulheres com câncer de mama
Authors: Vaz Iarlla Silva Ferreira , Silva Denise Montenegro da , Fernandes Ana Fátima Carvalho , Castro Régia Christina Moura Barbosa , Rodrigues Andrea Bezerra , Coelho Manuela de Mendonça Figueirêdo
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: avaliar as propriedades de medida do instrumento Female Sexual Function Index – versão brasileira em mulheres com câncer de mama. Métodos: estudo metodológico, realizado com 246 pacientes atendidas em dois ambulatórios especializados no tratamento do câncer de mama. Os dados foram coletados por meio de dois instrumentos: questionário para caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica e versão brasileira do Female Sexual Function Index. A validade de construto foi verificada por meio de uma análise fatorial confirmatória, e a confiabilidade por meio de fidedignidade composta. Resultados: na análise fatorial, o modelo convergiu para um resultado satisfatório, com índices de ajuste aceitáveis (p=0,270; c2/gl=1.070; Comparative Fit Index=0,999; Tucker-Lewis Index=0,999; Standardized Root Mean Residual=0,061; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation=0,019). Também foram encontradas evidências satisfatórias de confiabilidade (fidedignidade composta: 0,980). Conclusão: o instrumento demonstrou evidências de validade e confiabilidade satisfatórias entre mulheres com câncer de mama. Contribuições para a prática: fornece embasamento metodológico para a utilização de uma ferramenta que pode ser empregada para o diagnóstico de enfermagem “Disfunção sexual” em mulheres com câncer de mama.
Revised Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Pancreatobiliary Association for Common Bile Duct Stones: Purpose and Process of Guidelines
Authors: Ko Sung Woo , Lee Dong Wook , Lee Jin
Published: October 2024

Common bile duct (CBD) stones carry a risk of complications including biliary obstruction, acute cholangitis and pancreatitis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is regarded as the standard of treatment for CBD stones nowadays. However, ERCP can cause severe adverse events such as bleeding, post-ERCP pancreatitis and perforation. Therefore, it is important to provide practical guideline to manage CBD stones for clinicians. The Korean Pancreatobiliary Association (KPBA) established the first Korean guidelines for the management of CBD stones in 2013. Taking together the recently developed techniques for CBD stones and evidence newly obtained, the committee of the KPBA decided to perform an extensive revision of the guidelines. These revised guidelines were developed based on consensusbased guideline using Delphi methods. The main topics of these guidelines fall under the following topics: 1) diagnosis, 2) endoscopic management, 3) endoscopic management for difficult CBD stones. The specific recommendations are presented with the quality of evidence and classification of recommendations.
Revised Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Pancreatobiliary Association for Common Bile Duct Stones: Diagnosis
Authors: Son Jun Hyuk , Park Jin Myung , Lee Jae Min , Hwang Shin Hye , Lee Sang Hyub
Published: October 2024

The diagnosis of common bile duct (CBD) stones is conducted through various imaging tests, endoscopic examinations, and the patient's clinical presentation. In patients with symptomatic gallstone disease, initial tests such as liver function tests, abdominal ultrasound, and abdominal computed tomography can be performed. Based on the results of these initial tests, symptomatic patient with cholelithiasis can be classified into low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk groups. Low risk of choledocholithiasis is characterized by normal liver function test results and absence of CBD dilation on abdominal ultrasound. For patients in this category, additional tests are not necessary unless symptoms indicating CBD stones persist. Intermediate risk of choledocholithiasis is identified by abnormal liver function test results or CBD dilation on abdominal ultrasound. Additional tests such as endoscopic ultrasound or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography can be performed. If CBD stones are confirmed in the additional tests, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is required. High risk of choledocholithiasis is diagnosed when there is clinical evidence of cholangitis or CBD stones are identified on imaging tests. In such cases, ERCP is recommended for both diagnosis and treatment purposes without the need for further additional tests.
Revised Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Pancreatobiliary Association for Common Bile Duct Stones: Endoscopic Management of Common Bile Duct Stones
Authors: Lee Hee Seung , Lee Dong Wook , Park Joon Seong , Kim Seong-Hun
Published: October 2024

For the optimal treatment of common bile duct (CBD) stones, several facts should be considered before or during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Prophylactic antibiotics is necessary for the patients with high risk of post ERCP cholangitis and cessation of anticoagulant should be considered for prevention of complications associated with post ERCP bleeding. Furthermore, endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation can be replaced with endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with bleeding tendency such as chronic kidney disease, liver cirrhosis, thrombocytopenia etc. Prophylactic pancreatic duct stent can be helpful in reducing post ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) but caution is required as excessive attempts for selective cannulation into pancreatic duct for stent insertion can cause PEP. If gallbladder stone is present and treatment for CBD stones has been completed, prophylactic cholecystectomy should be performed selectively after consideration of patient’s condition.
Serum adiponectin level is negatively related to insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Yang Jie , Lin Min , Tian Xiaoyan , Li Chujun , Wu Haocun , Deng Ling , Li Xuelan , Chen Xin
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Our study aimed to assess the relationship between serum adipokines and insulin resistance (IR) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and explore the predictive value of adipokines on IR in PCOS.

Methods

This was a prospective cross-sectional study. 154 women with PCOS were included from July 2021 to September 2022 who underwent gonadal steroid hormone measurement, lipid profile, oral glucose tolerance test and homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR. Adiponectin (APN), leptin and secreted frizzled-related protein (Sfrp5) were measured by immunoturbidimetry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Women with PCOS were categorised based on the presence of IR.

Results

Women with PCOS with IR (n = 99) had significantly lower APN level and APN-to-leptin ratio (A/L ratio) than those without IR (n = 55), whereas serum levels of leptin and Sfrp5 were similar between the two groups. In multivariable linear regression analysis, serum log (APN) and log (A/L ratio) were associated with log (HOMA-IR), and the association was statistically significant after adjusting for body mass index and free androgen index. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% CI) for APN and A/L ratio was 0.726 (0.644–0.807; P < 0.001) and 0.660 (0.569–0.751; P < 0.01), respectively, with cutoff values of 5.225 mg/L (Youden index ¼ 0.364) and 1.438 mg/L (Youden index ¼ 0.265).

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated that serum APN was negatively related to IR. Serum APN may be useful as a clinical marker for IR in women with PCOS. Our findings warrant further investigations into the function of APN in the pathogenesis of IR in women with PCOS.
Exploration of the shared gene signatures and comorbidity mechanisms of primary aldosteronism and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Wan Jindong , Liu Sen , Luo Tao , Yang Yi , Wang Dan , Wang Xinquan , Zhou Peng , Hou Jixin , Wang Peijian
Published: October 2024

Background

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a prevalent cause of endocrine hypertension characterized by an excess of aldosterone that can induce proinflammatory, prooxidant and profibrotic effects on the heart. Emerging evidence indicates a heightened incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with PA, suggesting a significant association between the two conditions. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular networks associated with the development of both PA and AF.

Methods

Datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Hub genes were identified by enrichment and protein–protein interaction analysis. These hub genes were subsequently validated via two independent external datasets: GSE60042 (PA microarray dataset) and GSE41177 (AF microarray dataset). Following the identification of shared genes, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to verify the reliability of the dataset and to further confirm the presence of shared genes in clinical samples.

Results

The results of the common gene analysis revealed that immune and inflammatory responses may be shared features in the pathophysiology of PA and AF. One hub gene, specifically tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 10 (TNFSF10), was identified through various analyses and subsequently validated via qPCR. Compared with that in healthy controls, the expression level of TNFSF10 was lower in PA patients with AF.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that TNFSF10 may play a role in the pathophysiology of AF complications associated with PA conditions, suggesting that it could serve as a potential target for the diagnosis or treatment of PA patients complicated with AF.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulates hypothalamic and gonadal reproductive hormones and oocyte maturation in zebrafish
Authors: Uju Chinelo , Karimzadeh Katayoon , Unniappan Suraj
Published: October 2024

In brief

The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been shown to regulate metabolism in zebrafish. This research shows that Bdnf is a regulator of female zebrafish reproduction and reproductive hormones.

BDNF is a peptide widely known for its role in neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Its expression in non-neuronal tissues has been reported. In mammals, it is involved in ovarian development, follicle growth, oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. In zebrafish, it was demonstrated that Bdnf increases food intake and regulates metabolism. Reproduction and metabolism are tightly linked. We hypothesized that Bdnf modulates reproductive hormones and reproductive functions in zebrafish. This study aimed to determine Bdnf expression in the zebrafish reproductive axis and whether it modulates the reproductive endocrine milieu and oocyte biology in zebrafish. Our results show that bdnf and its receptor trkb and Bdnf-like immunoreactivity are present in zebrafish gonads and liver cells. This suggests Bdnf local production and possible actions within the gonads and liver. Intraperitoneal administration of 1, 10 or 100 ng/g body weight BDNF significantly (ANOVA, P < 0.05) increased sgnrh/cgnrh-II, kiss1 and cyp19a1b mRNAs in the zebrafish brain, steroidogenic enzymes (star and cyp19a1a) and key receptors in the zebrafish gonads. In vitro incubation of zebrafish liver cells with BDNF significantly (ANOVA, P < 0.05) increased estrogen receptor mRNAs and vitellogenin concentrations (ELISA) in the cells. BDNF (100 ng/mL) induced (ANOVA, P < 0.05) oocyte maturation in vitro at 24 h post-incubation and significantly upregulated cumulus-expansion-related genes (ANOVA, P < 0.05). Overall, our findings indicate a stimulatory role for Bdnf in the reproductive axis of zebrafish. This provides impetus for future research on its mechanism of action and potential practical applications to enhance reproduction in aquaculture.
The Effect of Corticosteroids on the Progression and Outcomes of Polytrauma in Children
Authors: Pshenisnov Konstantin V. , Aleksandrovich Yury S. , Lipin Andrey S.
Published: October 2024

Polytrauma in children are among the most common causes of death in the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of systemic corticosteroids (SCS) on the progression, laboratory parameters, and outcomes of severe multiple injuries in children requiring ICU.

Materials and methods. A retrospective, observational, multicenter (case-control and cross-sectional) study included 203 patients from pediatric ICUs across the Russian Federation. The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score was 36.81 (25–48), and the Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS) was 5.2 (2–8). SCS were administered to 113 (55.7%) children, 19 (9.36%) of whom died.

Results. The most severe changes in laboratory parameters, such as an increase in amylase (35.3 vs. 18.3; P0.001) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (28.9 vs. 25.8; P0.001), were documented upon admission of children with multiple traumatic injuries to the hospital compared with subsequent days of treatment in the ICU. The average fluid volume (as a percentage of age-related fluid requirements) on the first day of treatment in the ICU was 118.53% and did not exceed 84.42% on subsequent days (P0.001). Higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) during the first three days of ICU treatment was observed in children treated without SCS. SBP tended to decrease by day 5, and then a tendency toward arterial hypertension emerged on days 6–7. In children treated with SCS, blood pressure remained stable during the first seven days in the ICU, contributing to a favorable outcome.

Conclusion. The use of SCS in children with severe polytrauma from the first day of ICU treatment contributed to the stabilization of hemodynamic parameters and improved control of shock signs. A positive response to SCS in these patients can be considered a marker for a favorable disease course during ICU treatment.
Effect of Succinate Crystalloid Solution on Hemostasis in Children with Severe Community-acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Lazarev Vladimir V. , Anchutin Pavel E. , Megeryan Manuel M. , Bykov Mikhail V. , Smirnov Dmitry A. , Pchelicnceva Tatiana A. , Frolov Nikolay S. , Makhachilaeva Khurzada M. , Golubev Boris I. , Spiridonova Elena A.
Published: October 2024

Aim of the study. To improve outcomes in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) by including succinate-containing crystalloid solution (SCCS) in the treatment plan.

Materials and methods. The study included 100 patients diagnosed with CAP. SCCS was administered to 24 patients from the prospective (main) group, divided into 2 equal subgroups of 12 subjects who received SCCS with the infusion rate of 2.5 ml/kg/h (subgroup 1) and 5.0 ml/kg/h (subgroup 2). Treatment of 76 patients in the retrospective (control) group did not include SCCS.

Results. Greater decreases in D-dimer (by 418.5 ng/mL vs. 137.0 ng/mL, P=0.026) by day 3 and in fibrinogen (by 1.7 g/L vs. 0.2 g/L, P0.001) by day 3 and (3.8 g/L vs. 0.5 g/L, P=0.002) by day 5 of hospitalization were found in children from the main group vs. the control group. Fibrinogen levels decreased in both study subgroups, although subgroup 1 had significantly higher fibrinogen levels on day 2 of ICU stay (P=0.034). A significant increase in activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of 9.7 seconds was observed on day 3 in the main group versus 2.9 seconds in the control group (P0.001). There was a direct correlation between fibrinogen level and neutrophil count on day 2 of ICU stay (R=0.479, P=0.033). 

Conclusion. The use of SCCS in the treatment of severe CAP helps to prevent thrombotic complications, reduces hypoxia-induced changes in the coagulation system, and enhances the effects of unfractionated heparin. SCCS infusion at a rate of 5.0 mL/kg/h effectively reduces the levels of hypercoagulation markers, while its administration at a rate of 2.5 ml/kg/h potentiates the effects of unfractionated heparin. The effects of SCCS on hemostasis in severe CAP are equivalent to those of a moderate anticoagulant.
Ultrasound-Based Cardiac Output Monitoring During Pediatric Open-Heart Surgery in Children
Authors: Soloviev Nikolay A. , Rybka Mikhail M. , Khinchagov Jumber Ya. , Tsoi Sofya M. , Gorbunov Gleb E. , Dibin Denis A. , Kodzokov Zera A. , Chomaeva Madina Yu.
Published: October 2024

Aim of the study. To evaluate the feasibility of using non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring technology based on Doppler ultrasound during open-heart surgery in children.

Material and methods. Prospective, observational, single-center cohort study included 20 patients aged 10 to 34 months undergoing surgery for congenital heart defects. Ten patients underwent atrial septal defect closure (ASD group), other 10 patients had ventricular septal defect closure (VSD group). Cardiac output (CO) was measured in all patients to guide inotropic and infusion therapy adjustments at three control time points: (1) after intubation and before skin incision, (2) during the immediate post-bypass period with the chest open after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and (3) after sternal closure and before transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Results. At time point 1, the CO values for both the ASD and VSD groups were within the normal reference range: 5.2 L/min [4.7; 5.5] and 5.1 L/min [4.6; 5.6], respectively. At time point 2, CO was measured in 15 of 20 patients, including 8 patients in the ASD group and 7 in the VSD group. Coverage was 75% because of the challenges of measuring 5 patients on the operating table. In the immediate post-bypass period, two patients with VSD (25%) developed hypotension with CO reduced to 3.6 L/min, which is lower than the age-related hemodynamic reference value (5.1 L/min). Inotropic support in these two patients was increased by switching from dopamine, 7 mcg/kg/min, to adrenaline at a dose of 0.05 mcg/kg/min, resulting in improvement of hemodynamic parameters and an increase in CO to 5.2 L/min and 5.0 L/min, respectively, compared to normal agerelated reference values (4.1; 6.1 L/min). After sternal closure, CO values in both groups did not differ significantly from age-related reference values.

Conclusion. The USCOM cardiac output monitoring device can be used to manage intraoperative hemodynamics and adjust inotropic therapy even during open chest surgery. However, its routine use in all stages of surgery with median sternotomy is difficult because it requires more time to align the aortic valve projection.
Efficacy and Safety of a Standardized CPAP Protocol in the Delivery Room in Late Preterm Infants with Infectious and Non-Infectious Lung Diseases
Authors: Shestak Eugene V. , Kovtun Olga P. , Mylarshikova Ekaterina A. , Nechaeva Yulia I.
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a standardized protocol of delivery room CPAP therapy in late preterm infants with acute neonatal respiratory failure (ARF) caused by various conditions.

Material and methods. A retrospective comparative study of the efficacy of the standardized CPAP protocol in the cohorts of late preterm infants (34–36 weeks) was conducted at the Yekaterinburg Perinatal Center. The comparison group (C, N=256) included infants who received CPAP therapy in the delivery room during 12 months in 2020 before the introduction of the standardized protocol. The study group (S, N=169) included infants treated with standardized CPAP in April-December, 2022. The following subgroups were identified in groups C and S based on the cause of ARF: transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN; C: N=100; S: N=89), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS; C: N=84; S: N=39), and congenital infection (CI; C: N=54; S: N=37). Other causes of ARF in groups C and S were found in 18 and 4 infants, respectively.

Results. Switching to the standardized CPAP protocol reduced the duration of mechanical ventilation by an average of 24 h (P=0.013), the incidence of documented cerebral ischemia (CI) from 64.1% to 53.2% in all subgroups (P=0.022), the length of stay in the neonatal ward from 12 to 11 days (P=0.001), and the length of stay in the hospital from 16 to 14 days (P=0.001) as well as the incidence of CI in the STTN subgroup vs CTTN (38.2% vs. 61.0%, P=0.002). No significant differences were found in the RDS and CI subgroups. The frequency and duration of binasal CPAP and lung ventilation in the neonatal ICU did not differ between subgroups. Pneumothorax within the first 24 h occurred in one patient in group C and in two patients in group S (P=0.339), all of whom were diagnosed with congenital infection. No damage to the nasal passages was observed in any group. 

Conclusion. The use of a standardized protocol of CPAP therapy for neonates born after 35 weeks of gestation with respiratory failure of any etiology can significantly reduce the severity and duration of illness and should be considered as a basic respiratory strategy in the delivery room when indicated.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF AZAADAMANTANES - ANALOGUES OF AMANTADINE
Authors: I.V. SOROKINA , YU.V. MESHKOVA , S.V. AYDAGULOVA , T.G. TOLSTIKOVA , K.YU. PONOMAREV , E.V. SUSLOV , K.P. VOLCHO , N.F. SALAKHUTDINOV
Published: October 2024

The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of three azaadamantane analogues of amantadine 1 was investigated. The tested azaadamantanes containing nitrogen atoms in the polycyclic framework were: 5,7-dimethyl-1,3-diazaadamantane-6-one 2, 6-amino-5,7-dimethyl-1,3-diazaadamantane 3 and 7-amino-1,3,5-triazaadamantane 4. Experiments were carried out on male mice of CD1 and CBA lines. Compounds were administered intraperitoneally at doses of 20 and 50 mg/kg. Anti-inflammatory activity was studied on the standard models of inflammatory edema induced by histamine or concanavaline inflammation by injecting the phlogogens in the aponeurosis of the hind paw of mice. The analgesic activity was assessed using the hot plate and acetic writhing tests. It is shown that the introduction of heteroatoms into the adamantane core does not reduce the anti-inflammatory activity of diazaadamantanes (2, 3) and enhances that of triazaadamantane (4) compared to amantadine. Modification of the adamantane backbone with nitrogen atoms leads to a change in the analgesic properties of the molecule, which is manifested as hyperalgesia in the acetic writhing test. This phenomenon is presumably related to the effect of azaadamantanes on nocigenic transient receptor potential channels (TRPV1).
The effects of microwave and microwave + infrared drying treatments of Pinus brutia and Picea orientalis on water absorption and physical properties
Authors: Saltik Burcin
Published: October 2024

The goal of this study was to find a way to shorten wood drying time by using microwave and combined infrared + microwave drying methods and to analyze color and gloss changes. Wood samples prepared in three groups with dimensions of 20×20×30 mm were used in moisture tests and 75×5×150 mm were used in color change and gloss measurements, obtained from Red pine (Pinus brutia) and Eastern spruce (Picea orientalis) woods. The samples were oven dried, dried by microwave, or dried by infrared + microwave drying method. The wood samples all reached the target moisture. Their weight and volume were calculated in accordance with the principles of TS ISO 13061-1. Color change values were determined before and after drying with a portable color reader (Konica Minolta CR-10) device, and gloss measurements were taken with the Gardner brand gloss meter. By microwave drying for 15 min, 4% moisture content was reached in the wood samples, so both time and energy were saved. The moisture content values decreased compared to the whole drying methods. Most color change was observed in the drying methods using infrared for both red pine and eastern spruce.
Urban biodiversity performance determining model (UrBioPDeM): The case of Isparta, Türkiye
Authors: Çakır Mert , Gül Atila
Published: October 2024

Identifying, protecting, and developing biodiversity in urban environments contributes to ecosystem integrity. Although there are studies addressing biodiversity in natural areas in Türkiye, there has been no study specifically measuring the biodiversity of city centers. Adapting existing methods for measuring city biodiversity to Turkish cities is challenging due to their unique local dynamics. Therefore, there is a need to identify indicators that can be used to monitor and evaluate biodiversity performance for the protection and sustainability of urban areas in Türkiye and to develop a feasible, reliable, and measurable biodiversity performance assessment approach. The developed UrBioPDeM has 4 main factors and 32 sub-factors. Indicators for the assessment and management of urban biodiversity performance in Isparta, Türkiye, were identified and analyzed, and it was found that Isparta’s urban biodiversity has low potential. Therefore, suggestions were made to increase the urban biodiversity of Isparta. The developed approach is an appropriate and effective biodiversity performance model that can be applied in Turkish cities. The factors and sub-factors used in this method can be adjusted and revised according to the potential biodiversity characteristics of a city.
Žvaigždžių populiacijos mažos masės sistemose
Authors:   , Čeponis Marius
Published: October 2024

Stellar populations in low mass systems
Development of an electrochemical sensor based on polypyrrole and modification of its properties
Authors:   , Bogužaitė Raimonda
Published: October 2024

Elektrocheminio jutiklio kūrimas polipirolo pagrindu ir jo savybių modifikavimas
Vabalai (Insecta, Coleoptera) antros irimo stadijos Lietuvos dažniausių lapuočių medžių rūšių virtuoliuose
Authors:   , Lekoveckaitė Aistė
Published: October 2024

Beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera) in the second decay stage of the most common Lithuanian deciduous tree species
Comparison of static and dynamic balance performances of sports science students by gender
Authors: Taskuyu Elif , Atceken Doğukan Hakan , Savga Muhammed Berk , Saçikara Ali , Atalay Rumeysa , Gungor Halil
Published: October 2024

Background and Study Aim. Static and dynamic balance performance are fundamental skills that can exhibit significant differences between genders and are critically important in motor skills and sports science. The aim of this study was to compare the static and dynamic balance performance of sports science students by gender.
Material and Methods. Ten male students (age: 22.70 ± 1.33 years) and ten female students (age: 23.00 ± 1.05 years) studying in the sports science faculty voluntarily participated in the study. The Biodex Balance System (BBS, Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Shirley, NY) was utilized to assess balance performance. Independent samples t-test and paired t-test were conducted for analysis using SPSS.
Results. In intergroup comparisons, static and dynamic balance performances were similar between genders, with a significant difference found only in the S-APSI parameter (p = 0.021). Among male participants, a significant difference was observed in the S-MLSI parameter (p = 0.015), while no significant differences were found in the other parameters. For female participants, dynamic balance performance significantly outperformed static performance (OSI p = 0.018, APSI p = 0.035, MLSI p = 0.046). Apart from anterior-posterior balance outcomes, no significant differences were observed between males and females in the other parameters. It was also evident that female participants exhibited significantly superior dynamic balance performance compared to static performance.
Conclusions. Understanding gender differences in balance performance is crucial for creating effective training programs in sports education. By recognizing these differences, trainers can develop strategies that better meet the specific needs of male and female athletes. This approach can help enhance overall athletic performance.
Incorporating silica nanoparticles with silver patches into alginate-based bioinks for 3D bioprinting
Authors: Anspach Annalise , Bider Faina , Völkl Andreas R. , Klupp Taylor Robin N. , Boccaccini Aldo R.
Published: October 2024

Alginate dialdehyde-gelatin (ADA-GEL) hydrogels are being studied in bioprinting for their combination of cell adhesion and printability. To incorporate specific functionalities and to improve printability, different additives to ADA-GEL inks are being proposed. Here, a novel type of functional nanoparticles comprising silver patches on silica cores was incorporated into ADA-GEL bioinks. Silver patchy particles (SPPs) were present both on the surface and interior of printed structures. Incorporation of SPPs improved printability of ADA-GEL inks and supported osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells over 7 days of culture. SPPs represent a valuable additive for ADA-GEL hydrogels, being attractive to develop bioinks with advanced functionalities.

Graphical abstract
G.A. Rudolph (compiled): Kansas State University Receipt Book and Household Manual
Authors: Davidson Alan E
Published: October 2024

G.A. Rudolph (compiled): Kansas State University Receipt Book and Household Manual (Bibliography Series, No.4): Kansas State University Library, Manhattan, Kansas, 1968: 230 pp, $5 .00.
Student-Centered Leadership in Universities: Promoting Engagement and Academic Success through Inclusive Management
Authors:   Africa International University, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya., Ngare Rose
Published: October 2024

Student-centered leadership has become a key concept in modern higher education for encouraging student participation and academic performance. This method places a strong emphasis on the value of inclusive management techniques, giving students more agency over their academic careers and creating an atmosphere that is supportive of both learning and personal development. This article looks at how student-centered leadership in higher education fosters an environment that is more inclusive and interactive, which has a direct impact on academic success. It emphasizes the value of inclusive leadership in raising student engagement, retention rates, and overall academic success through a review of the research and case studies. It also addresses the difficulties colleges have putting these ideas into reality and provides helpful advice for developing a culture of student-centered leadership. According to the research, universities see better results for both individual students and the organization when leadership places a high priority on student voice, inclusivity, and cooperation.
Determination of voltage quality indicators in industrial power supply systems with limited energy system capacity
Authors: Papaika Yu.A. , Lysenko O.G. , Malyshko M.M. , Udovyk O.V.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. To justify the dependence of the determination of indicators of electromagnetic compatibility of power supply systems of industrial enterprises in the presence of powerful nonlinear and asymmetric loads in conditions of limited power system capacity.
Methodology. Methods of theoretical electrical engineering for the construction of replacement schemes of three-phase electrical networks, Fourier series for the analysis of higher harmonics of current and voltage, the method of symmetrical components for the analysis of asymmetry.
Findings. Виділено основні показники якості напруги, значення яких залежить від параметрів живлячої електроенергетичної системи (потужності короткого замикання). Наведено аналітичні залежності розрахунку показників несиметрії та несинусоїдальності при обмеженні потужності КЗ. Проаналізовано засоби корекції показників якості в умовах електричних мереж з розподіленою генерацією.
Originality.  The scientific novelty consists in establishing the patterns of changes in the mode parameters of the industrial load from the parameters of the power system, which is expressed in interrelated changes in voltage quality indicators. At the same time, in the analytical models, the option of obtaining variable changes in the parameters of the power system both due to the generating capacities and through the parameters of the substitution schemes of electrical networks of different voltage classes has been added.
Practical value. For engineering calculations, simplified algorithms for determining voltage quality indicators (deviation, oscillation, asymmetry and non-sinusoidal voltage) are proposed, taking into account the real configuration of the electrical network and the actual power of the power system. This makes it possible to evaluate the efficiency of transmission and conversion of electricity under an arbitrary configuration of the post-emergency power supply scheme.
Design of high efficiency and wideband dual-functional metasurface for polarization conversion and asymmetric transmission
Authors: Nguyen Thi Quynh Hoa , Nguyen Dinh Dat , Pham Van Nhan , Vu Dinh Lam
Published: October 2024

A wideband and high-efficiency bi-functional metasurface for polarization conversion and asymmetric transmission (AT) based on the gratings/ polarization converter/gratings structure is proposed. The proposed metasurface structure consists of a two double-split ring structure array sandwiched by two orthogonal metallic sub-wavelength gratings. Using two orthogonal metallicsub-wavelength gratings, the proposed metasurface reveals excellent AT effect and nearly perfect polarization conversion performance for linearly polarized waves. The proposed metasurface achieves a polarization conversion ratio (PCR) of above 0.99 from 3.7 GHz to 20.2 GHz with a relative bandwidth (RBW) of 138% and an AT parameter of over 0.9 from 5.8 GHz to 17 GHz withan RBW of 99.5%. Moreover, the proposed metamaterial maintains high PCR and AT performance for a wide range of incident angles. Due to its excellent features, such as the wideband and high efficiency of both PCR and AT performances, the proposed bi-functional metasurface can be useful for promising applications such as polarization imaging. radar, radiometer, and transmission.array antennas.
Atypical Antipsychotics Use and Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Review With a Clinical Perspective
Authors: Kim Kayoung
Published: October 2024

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a potentially life-threatening idiosyncratic reaction associated with the use of antipsychotic medications, characterized by hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, and alterations in consciousness. Despite a reduction in its incidence due to the predominance of atypical antipsychotics in contemporary treatment regimens, NMS remains a critical neuropsychiatric emergency that warrants vigilant attention. There is a hypothesis proposing that catatonia and NMS may exist along a continuum of the same disorder, and evidence suggests that lorazepam may offer therapeutic benefits for both conditions. It is potential for the concurrent occurrence of NMS and serotonin syndrome when antipsychotics and antidepressants are administered concomitantly. This paper presents a case of NMS following the reinitiation of antipsychotic treatment over an extended duration, a scenario inadequately addressed in existing reports, and discusses strategies for its management in clinical practice.
Recent Insights in the Treatment for Clinical High Risk for Psychosis and Recent Onset Psychosis
Authors: Park Sunyoung , Jo Young Tak , Lee Ji Sung , Lee JungSun , Park Il Ho
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of early interventions in preventing psychosis transition, promoting remission, and reducing hospitalization rates in individuals at high risk for psychosis and those with recent onset psychosis (ROP).Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, comparing early intervention strategies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and psychosocial support to no intervention. The study focused on outcomes related to psychosis transition, remission rates, and prevention of psychiatric hospitalization.Results: Although only a subset of clinical high risk (CHR) individuals transition to full psychosis, non-pharmacological treatments like cognitive-behavioral therapy are generally recommended as a first-line approach. In ROP patients, early pharmacological treatment reduces relapse rates, while psychosocial interventions aim to improve various functional outcomes. The meta-analysis results of this study did not show a significant reduction in psychosis transition rates with specialized interventions for CHR patients. For ROP patients, early interventions initially reduced hospitalization rates, but this effect was not sustained in mid-term follow-up results.Conclusion: While early interventions offer short-term benefits in reducing psychosis transition and hospitalization, additional research is needed to determine their long-term effectiveness in functional recovery and overall patient outcomes.