bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New morphotypes of chrysophyte stomatocysts from the Shichengskoe raised bog (Vologda Region)
Authors: Kapustin Dmitry A. , Philippov Dmitriy A. , Shadrina Svetlana N. , Kulikovskiy Maxim S.
Published: September 2024

Three potentially new chrysophycean stomatocysts were recorded from the Shichengskoe raised bog (Vologda Region). The surface of two morphotypes is ornamented with spines whereas the third stomatocyst is ornamented with short ribs. The different stages of ornamentation development were observed.
Current taxonomy and phylogeny of achnanthoid diatoms
Authors: Tseplik Natalia D.
Published: September 2024

The communication presents the evolution of achnanthoid diatoms` taxonomy, their current position, and phylogeny of this group. The weight of morphological characteristics applicable to monoraphid genera is analyzed.
Preliminary data on the sea-ice algae and phytoplankton in the Arctic Basin (based on the results of the «SP-41» expedition, 2022–2023 years)
Authors: Gogorev Rinat M. , Yurchak Maria I. , Melnikov Igor A.
Published: September 2024

During the expedition Severny Polyus-41 in the winter of 2022–2023 112 samples of phytoplankton and sea-ice algae were taken from 16 stations in the central part of the Arctic Ocean. Diatoms dominate in the samples in species number as well as quantitative development. Preliminary data on taxonomic composition and relative role of dominant species are given.
Diversity of diatoms in the water bodies of the Kurgan region
Authors: Eremkina Tatiana V.
Published: September 2024

This paper summarizes the literature, stock and own data on the diversity of diatoms in the water bodies of the Kurgan region. The general taxonomic list includes 172 species, varieties and forms of diatoms belonging to 3 class, 18 orders, 32 families and 60 genera. According to the type of habitat, benthic forms predominate, indifferent - in relation to salinity, in the group of acidification indicators – alkaliphiles. Cosmopolitans make up 85.5% of taxa with a known geographical distribution.
Diatoms of the lake Yanychkovo (Sverdlovsk region)
Authors: Korbut Daria E.
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we analyze the results of studies of the lake Yanychkovo (Sverdlovsk region) for 2016– 2022. Stock and own data on species composition, dominant complexes, abundance and biomass of diatoms for this period are summarized.
Diatoms of phytoplankton in rivers in the south of the taiga zone within the catchment area of the Middle Volga
Authors: Kulizin Pavel V. , Vodeneeva Ekaterina L. , Sharagina Ekaterina M. , Okhapkin Alexander G.
Published: September 2024

The present research provides information on the taxonomic composition and some indicators of the quantitative development of diatoms in the phytoplankton of the left-bank tributaries of the river Volga basin. It was shown that the flora of the studied rivers is diatom-green-euglenic. In the taxonomic composition of diatoms, the leading genera Navicula, Nitzschia, Pinnularia, Gomphonema etc. were noted. The use of electron microscopy made it possible to expand significantly the list of centric diatom species, some of which were recorded for the first time in the flora of the studied rivers. At present, both planktonic and benthic invasive species of diatoms have been identified.
Diatoms of bottom biotopes of the continental shelf of the Barents Sea
Authors: Makarevich Pavel R. , Larionov Victor V. , Druzhkova Elena I. , Oleinik Anatolii A.
Published: September 2024

An autochtonous community of benthic diatoms has been discovered in upper bottom sediments in the central Barents Sea at depths down to 300 m. Their abundance and biomass analyzed suggest that the microalgae found represent a depleted fragment of the arctic littoral microphytobenthos. Compared to the coastal algal flora, the deep-water assemblage is characterized by low species diversity and demonstrates abundance of about 102– 103 cells per cm2 in the benthic. Until recently, the presence of benthic microalgae in marine ecosystems has been associated exclusively with the littoral and sublittoral coastal zones.
Diatoms in the under-ice phytoplankton of Lake Vozhe and its tributary – the Vozhega River (Vologda Region)
Authors: Makarenkova Nadezhda N.
Published: September 2024

Diatoms are the main component of the under-ice phytoplankton in large shallow-water fishery important Lake Vozhe, as well as its tributary – the Vozhega River. A total of 37 species and intraspecific taxa of algae were found. The number of diatom species growing at the same time in Lake Vozhe was 1–11, and in the Vozhega River – 11–13. The biomass of diatoms in the lake in winter averaged 2.01 g/m3, in the river – 0.03 g/m3, the number – 0.84 and 0.03 million cells/l. The size structure of diatoms in the river was represented by smaller specimens than in the lake.
Pasquale, Frank, New Laws of Robotics: Defending Human Expertise in the Age of AI, Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press,
Authors: Turgut Bilgiç Ezgi
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmada Frank Pasquale’ın “New laws of robotics : defending human expertise in the age of AI” başlıklı kitabı incelenmektedir. İnceleme özellikle son yıllarda ivmelenen bir çizgisi olan yapay zekâ ve robotikteki ilerlemelerle yazarın konu hakkındaki eleştiri ve önerileri bağlamında yapılmıştır. Kitabı önemli kılan husus, toplumsal refah ve iş güvenliğinden ziyade maliyetlerin azaltılmasına ve verimliliğe öncelik veren baskın ekonomik modellere ve neo-liberal politikalara yönelik bir eleştiri niteliği taşımasıdır. Yazar çalışmasında emeği salt üretim sürecindeki bir girdi olarak gören, sosyal eşitsizliği artıran hâkim teknolojik determinizme karşı çıkarak insan uzmanlığına değer veren bir ekonomi politik anlayışı savunmaktadır.
Humanistic Multicultural Analysis in Shaping Tolerance Culture Among Students in Islamic Education Learning
Authors: Bahri Ahmad , Rizquha Ach
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the development of humanistic multicultural education within the framework of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at Junior high school, focusing on its role in fostering a culture of tolerance among students. Given the increasing importance of multicultural values in diverse educational settings, this research addresses the integration of these values in PAI learning. Employing a qualitative research method with a purposive sampling approach, the study examines the alignment of educational objectives, materials, methods, and evaluation as outlined in the syllabus. The findings reveal that humanistic multicultural values are effectively integrated into PAI, contributing to the promotion of tolerance through both curriculum content and the exemplary behavior of PAI and other subject teachers. This research provides insights into how Islamic Religious Education can be a vital tool in cultivating a tolerant and inclusive school environment.
Beyond the Curriculum: Exploring the Influence of Islamic Values and Teacher Role Models on Student Character Formation
Authors: Zaini Abdul Wahid
Published: September 2024

This research explores the integration of Islamic values in character education and the critical role of teachers as role models within the framework of contextual learning. The primary objective of this study is to examine how the application of contextual teaching methods, combined with the consistency of teacher behavior, influences the internalization of character values among students at Nurul Jadid Junior High School, Kraksaan. A qualitative approach was employed using a case study method, allowing for an in-depth exploration of teachers' experiences and the dynamics within the classroom. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis, and subsequently analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The findings reveal that integrating character values such as honesty, responsibility, tolerance, and cooperation into the curriculum, supported by teachers acting as role models, significantly enhances the character development of students. The implications of this research underscore the importance of developing contextual teaching strategies and ensuring consistent teacher behavior to foster effective character education. This study contributes significantly to the literature on character education, particularly within the context of Islamic Religious Education.
Enhancing Critical Thinking Through the Integration of Self-Directed Learning in Sustainable Education in Madrasah
Authors: Munawwaroh Izzatul , Putri Dinda Febrianti
Published: September 2024

This research focuses on improving critical thinking skills through integrating independent learning in the context of continuing education in madrasah. This research explores the effectiveness of a self-directed learning approach in supporting the development of students critical thinking skills and understanding its impact on sustainable educational practices. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach, where data is collected through in-depth interviews with teachers and students, observation of the learning process, and analysis of curriculum documents. Research findings show that integrating independent learning significantly improves students’ critical thinking abilities, developing the ability to plan, evaluate, and reflect on their learning independently. Students who engage in independent learning improve analytical skills and creativity in dealing with problems and are better prepared to apply continuing education principles in everyday contexts. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of implementing independent learning in the madrasah curriculum to develop the critical thinking skills needed in continuing education and the challenges that need to be considered in adapting this method to the needs and learning styles of diverse students.
Analysis of Islamic Religious Education in Responding to the Challenges of Globalization
Authors: Yulianto Kiki
Published: September 2024

Globalization brings significant changes in various aspects of life, including education. In schools, Islamic Religious Education faces substantial challenges in the face of current globalization, which often affects local cultural values and identity. This journal aims to analyze how Islamic Religious Education can adapt and respond to the challenges of globalization in schools. This research uses a qualitative approach with literature study methods and in-depth interviews with educators and educational practitioners. The results of the analysis show that P.A.I. in schools needs to integrate global values while maintaining the basic principles of Islamic teachings. The proposed strategy includes adjusting the curriculum to include international issues with an Islamic perspective, training educators to face global challenges, and developing relevant learning media. It is hoped that these findings can guide the development of educational policies and practices that are more responsive to the challenges of globalization while still maintaining the integrity of Islamic values.
INOVASI DIGITAL MARKETING DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELI KONSUMEN PADA MARKETPLACE SHOPEE
Authors: Purwati Devid
Published: September 2024

This research was conducted in order to find out what digital marketing innovations can influence consumer buying interest in the shoope marketplace. Technological developments in today's world are growing very rapidly, making it easier for people to access and carry out the buying and selling process using digital media as a means of buying and selling. So that online buying and selling comes as a new innovation in the world of marketing and is the main choice for producers to promote products or services that will be marketed through online media on the marketplace. The buying and selling process in the marketplace, which is currently widely accessed and in demand by the public, one of which is the shoope application which is currently the most frequently visited by the public. Marketing through digital marketing on the shoope marketplace greatly facilitates the buying and selling process without having to meet directly with consumers. Business actors also make efforts to implement good strategies to influence consumer buying interest. Consumer buying interest in this study is influenced by the quality and uniqueness of the products being promoted, good service and product reviews will greatly affect the sale of marketed products In this study, researchers used qualitative methods that were delivered descriptively using relevant books, web, journals. Based on the research results obtained, there are many factors that can affect consumer buying interest in the shoope marketplace including using maximum application features, providing good service and interesting product reviews, always maintaining product quality and good marketing techniques have a positive influence and can affect consumer buying interest.
O acolhimento musicoterápico no contexto hospitalar a partir de uma perspectiva emancipatória
Authors: Ramos Júlia , Dias Arndt Andressa
Published: September 2024

Refletindo sobre um acolhimento a partir de perspectivas emancipatórias e pensando no sujeito hospitalizado como ativo em seus processos, o presente trabalho visou compreender o acolhimento musicoterápico no contexto hospitalar, conhecer as possibilidades analisar como e se a música e seus elementos podem proporcionar acolhimento, a partir da identificação das singularidades desse. Esta proposta de pesquisa possui caráter exploratório e qualitativo, sendo escolhido como caminho metodológico a realização de uma revisão integrativa, por meio de uma busca sistematizada de literatura em que posteriormente foi realizada uma análise temática. Consideramos pesquisas em português, inglês e espanhol, utilizando para a busca e como critério de inclusão artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, tendo ao menos um/a musicoterapeuta como autor/a e que transitem entre os temas de acolhimento, cuidado, Musicoterapia e contexto hospitalar. Constatamos que a prática e o acolhimento devem, portanto, se pautar em encontros potencializadores de existência, proporcionando ao sujeito uma ampliação na percepção de si e do mundo e consequentemente mais autonomia.
Influence of surface texturing and coatings on mechanical properties and integration with bone tissue: an in silico study
Authors: Alshadidi Abdulkhaliq Ali F. , Dommeti Vamsi Krishna , Aldosari Lujain Ibrahim N. , Hassan Saeed Awod Bin , Okshah Abdulmajeed , Merdji Ali , Roy Sandipan
Published: September 2024

Introduction

This investigation delves into the mechanical behaviour of titanium dental implants, a preferred choice for tooth replacement due to their superior reliability over alternative materials. The phenomenon of implant loosening, frequently induced by masticatory activities, underscores the significance of surface modification or texturing to bolster the interaction between the implant and bone tissue. This research comprehensively examines the effects of four distinct surface texturing techniques and five varied bone quality conditions on the biomechanical performance of these implants.

Methods

The scope of this study is delineated by its focus on implants of diameters 4 mm and 6 mm, with lengths measuring 9 mm and 12 mm respectively. Furthermore, the analysis incorporates the evaluation of four different coatings—hydroxyapatite, HA3TO, HA3Sr, and HA1.5TO1.5Sr—to investigate their efficacy in enhancing the osseointegration process on textured surfaces of dental implants.

Results

The experimental design entails the assessment of stress distribution within the implant and its coatings, alongside the strain exerted on the surrounding cancellous bone, under the conditions of an average vertical biting force. A comparative analysis between solid implants and those subjected to surface texturing techniques has been conducted. This comparison elucidates the advantageous microstrain profiles presented by certain textured surfaces, which are deemed more conducive to optimal osseointegration.

Discussion

Notably, across all examined textures, the application of hydroxyapatite (HA) and a modified HA composition (HA1.5TO1.5Sr) demonstrates significant improvements in mechanical stability, particularly in scenarios involving weak and very weak bone conditions. This study's findings contribute to the ongoing advancement in dental implant technology, emphasizing the critical role of surface texturing and coating strategies in promoting implant longevity and integration within the biomechanical environment of the human oral cavity.
Experiences of Muslims in India on digital platforms with anti-Muslim hate: a culture-centered exploration
Authors: Dutta Mohan J. , Pal Mahuya
Published: September 2024

This manuscript examines the experiences of Muslims in India with hate on digital platforms. Extant research on Islamophobia on digital platforms offers analyses of the various discourses circulating on digital platforms. This manuscript builds on that research to document the experiences of online hate among Muslims in India based on a survey of 1,056 Muslims conducted by Qualtrics, a panel-based survey company, between November 2021 and December 2021. The findings point to the intersections between white supremacist and Hindutva Alt-Right messages on digital platforms, delineating the fascist threads that form the convergent infrastructures of digital hate. Moreover, they document the extensive exposure of Muslims in India to Islamophobic hate on digital platforms, raising critical questions about their health and wellbeing. The paper wraps up with policy recommendations regarding strategies for addressing online Islamophobic hate on digital platforms.
Mini Review: the non-neuronal cardiac cholinergic system in type-2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Saw Eng Leng , Fronius Martin , Katare Rajesh , Kakinuma Yoshihiko
Published: September 2024

Diabetic heart disease remains the leading cause of death in individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Both insulin resistance and metabolic derangement, hallmark features of T2DM, develop early and progressively impair cardiovascular function. These factors result in altered cardiac metabolism and energetics, as well as coronary vascular dysfunction, among other consequences. Therefore, gaining a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of diabetic heart disease is crucial for developing novel therapies for T2DM-associated cardiovascular disease. Cardiomyocytes are equipped with the cholinergic machinery, known as the non-neuronal cardiac cholinergic system (NNCCS), for synthesizing and secreting acetylcholine (ACh) as well as possessing muscarinic ACh receptor for ACh binding and initiating signaling cascade. ACh from cardiomyocytes regulates glucose metabolism and energetics, endothelial function, and among others, in an auto/paracrine manner. Presently, there is only one preclinical animal model – diabetic db/db mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of choline transferase (Chat) gene - to study the effect of activated NNCCS in the diabetic heart. In this mini-review, we discuss the physiological role of NNCCS, the connection between NNCCS activation and cardiovascular function in T2DM and summarize the current knowledge of S-Nitroso-NPivaloyl-D-Penicillamine (SNPiP), a novel inducer of NNCCS, as a potential therapeutic strategy to modulate NNCCS activity for diabetic heart disease.
Smartphone-based drug testing in the hands of patients with substance-use disorder—a usability study
Authors: Månflod Johan , Gumbel Tove , Winkvist Maria , Hämäläinen Markku D. , Andersson Karl
Published: September 2024

Aim

A clinical study was performed to test the usability of a smartphone eye-scanning app at a needle exchange facility to detect drug use to support therapy.

Methods

The study recruited 24 subjects who visited the facility one to three times, making a total of 40 visits. During each visit the subjects underwent testing for non-convergence (NC), nystagmus (NY), and pupillary light reflex (PLR) using a smartphone-based eHealth system. The collected eye data were transformed into key features that represent eye characteristics. During each visit, a time-line follow-back interview on recent drug use and a usability questionnaire were completed.

Results

Technical usability of the smartphone eye-scanning app was good for PLR and NC, where key features were generated in 82%–91% of the cases. For NY, only 60% succeeded due to cognitive problems to follow instructions. In most cases, subjects were under the influence of drugs when participating in the tests, with an average of 2.4 different drugs ingested within the last 24 h. The key features from PLR could distinguish use of opioids from central stimulants. The usability questionnaire results indicate that 23 of the 24 subjects could perform the eye-scanning by themselves after a short training, even when under severe influence of drugs. The caregiver assessed that 20 out of the 24 challenging subjects could potentially perform these tests in an indoors, home-like environment.

Conclusions

Smartphone-based eye-scanning is functional in a patient population with heavy drug use, also when under the influence of drugs. The use of central stimulants can be distinguished from the use of opioids.
Helicobacterpylori eradication following endoscopic resection might prevent metachronous gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies from Japan and Korea
Authors: Yu Tian-Hang , Bai Dan , Liu Kai , Zhang Wei-Han , Chen Xin-Zu , Hu Jian-Kun
Published: September 2024

Objectives

A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the preventive effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori eradication against metachronous gastric cancer (MGC) or dysplasia following endoscopic resection (ER) for early gastric cancer (EGC) or dysplasia.

Methods

PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched until 31 October 2023, and randomized controlled trials or cohort studies were peer-reviewed. The incidence of metachronous gastric lesions (MGLs) including MGC or dysplasia was compared between Helicobacter pylori persistent and negative groups, eradicated and negative groups, and eradicated and persistent groups.

Results

Totally, 21 eligible studies including 82,256 observations were analyzed. Compared to those never infected, Helicobacter pylori persistent group (RR = 1.58, 95% CI = 0.98–2.53) trended to have a higher risk of MGLs and significantly in partial subgroups, while the post-ER eradicated group (RR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.43–1.45) did not increase the risk of MGLs. Moreover, successful post-ER eradication could significantly decrease the risk of MGLs (RR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.44–0.65) compared to those persistently infected. Sensitivity analysis obtained generally consistent results, and no significant publication bias was found.

Conclusion

The persistent Helicobacter pylori infection trends to increase the post-ER incidence of MGC or dysplasia, but post-ER eradication can decrease the risk correspondingly. Post-ER screening and eradication of Helicobacter pylori have preventive effectiveness on MGC, and the protocol should be recommended to all the post-ER patients.

Systematic review registration: The PROSPERO registration identification was CRD42024512101.
Sex differences in the association between chest computed tomography-defined sarcopenia and cardiovascular risk factors among inpatients
Authors: Chen Xin , Zhu Mingyu , Cao Jie , Zuo Didi , Chen Zengai , Weng Yurong , Jiang Hua , Hu Yaomin
Published: September 2024

Background

While sarcopenia has been found to be associated with increased risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), evidence exploring sex-related differences remains insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the differences in how often sarcopenia occurs in each sex, as determined by skeletal muscle area (SMA) in chest CT images, and its association with CVD common risk factors.

Methods

This cross-sectional study involved 1,340 inpatients from the Department of Geriatrics of Renji Hospital, affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Data on age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, disease history, and clinical parameters were collected. Sarcopenia was defined using chest CT images with a cut-off value of T12-SMA/height2 <25.75 cm2/m2 in male patients and <20.16 cm2/m2 in female patients. Cardiovascular risk was assessed using the Framingham risk score (FRS). The association between T12-SMA/height2-defined sarcopenia and CVD risk factors by sex was evaluated using a multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results

The overall prevalence of T12-SMA/height2-defined sarcopenia (<25.75 cm2/m2 for male patients, <20.16 cm2/m2 for female patients) was 54.03%, with 48.09% in male patients and 63.19% in female patients. The proportion of male patients with high CVD risk was greater than that of female patients. The multivariate analysis revealed that T12-SMA/height2-defined sarcopenia was independently associated with age (in male patients only), systolic blood pressure (SBP), cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among the six FRS cardiovascular risk indices.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that T12-SMA/height2-defined sarcopenia was more prevalent in male patients than in female patients. Sarcopenia was associated with higher levels of SBP and HDL-C and lower levels of cholesterol. Increasing age had a more significant effect on CVD risk in male patients.
New insights into acinic cell carcinoma of the breast: clinicopathology, origin of histology, molecular features, prognosis, and treatment
Authors: Ge Yunjie , Wei Xianping , Liu Jing-Nan , Sun Ping-Li , Gao Hongwen
Published: September 2024

Acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) of the breast is a rare malignant epithelial neoplasm, with approximately 60 cases reported in the literature. It predominantly affects women and exhibits significant histological heterogeneity. The diagnosis of breast AciCC is primarily based on the presence of eosinophilic and/or basophilic granular cytoplasm and markers of serous acinar differentiation. Despite being considered a low-grade variant of conventional triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), over 25% of patients with breast AciCC have adverse clinical outcomes. Additionally, in early research, microglandular adenosis (MGA) and atypical MGA were considered potential precursors for various breast cancers, including intraductal carcinoma, invasive ductal carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma, and AciCC. Similarly, some studies have proposed that breast AciCC should be considered a type of carcinoma developing in MGA with acinic cell differentiation rather than a distinct entity. Therefore, the pathogenesis of breast AciCC has not yet been clarified. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, the literature has not summarized the latest prognosis and treatment of breast AciCC. In this review, we synthesized the current literature and the latest developments, aiming at exploring the clinicopathology, histological origin, molecular features, prognosis, and treatment of breast AciCC from a novel perspective.
Clinical features and prognosis of parotid metastasis of breast cancer: retrospective analysis of 57 cases
Authors: Guo Fengli , Fu Honghai , Wang Yuhua , Hua Yitong , Wang Xiaohong , Zhang Yingzhe , Jian Jinbo , Jia Zhongming , Zhang Guoqiang
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Parotid gland metastases originating from breast origin are extremely rare, with their clinical presentation, therapeutic approaches, and prognostic indicators remaining to be elucidate.

Methods

A comprehensive retrospective review was conducted, analyzing the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of 57 patients diagnosed with parotid metastasis of breast cancer in the existing literature. Notably, our study included two unique cases of patients who developed contralateral and ipsilateral parotid metastases, occurring 5 years and 32 years respectively after primary surgery. This analysis aimed to provide a deeper understanding of the disease presentation and identify potential prognostic indicators.

Results

The primary clinical manifestation presented in breast cancer patients with parotid metastases was painless masses in the parotid glands, synchronously or metachronously occurred with primary breast tumors. The predominant pathological subtype among these patients was invasive ductal carcinoma. Out of the 57 patients studied, 24 (42.1%) exhibited metastases solely in the ipsilateral parotid gland, while 18 cases (31.6%) involved either the contralateral or bilateral parotid gland. Patients may solely exhibit metastasis in the parotid gland, or they may present with concurrent multiple metastases in other organs. Patients who suffered from parotid metastases, either merely or accompanied with bone-only metastasis, exhibited significantly longer overall survival (OS) rates compared to those who had concomitant metastases in other organs (1.23 ± 0.26 years vs 4.46 ± 0.77 years, P=0.046). While no statistically significant differences in OS were observed among patients presenting with metastases in the ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral parotid glands, a notable variance could be discerned from the Kaplan-Meier curve analysis. Additionally, no significant difference in survival was exhibited between patients with different interval of progression from primary breast sites to initial diagnosis of parotid metastases (uDF), nor for patients who were treated with surgery or palliative therapy.

Conclusion

Parotid metastasis, a rare and distinctive form of breast cancer metastasis, demands particular scrutiny in patients exhibiting metastasis to multiple organs or contralateral or bilateral parotid glands.
Unlocking the potential of exercise: harnessing myokines to delay musculoskeletal aging and improve cognitive health
Authors: Gao Xing , Chen Yiyan , Cheng Peng
Published: September 2024

Objectives

This review aims to summarize the common physiological mechanisms associated with both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and musculoskeletal aging while also examining the relevant literature on how exercise regulation influences the levels of shared myokines in these conditions.

Methods

The literature search was conducted via databases such as PubMed (including MEDLINE), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews. The searches were limited to full-text articles published in English, with the most recent search conducted on 16 July 2024. The inclusion criteria for this review focused on the role of exercise and myokines in delaying musculoskeletal aging and enhancing cognitive health. The Newcastle‒Ottawa Scale (NOS) was utilized to assess the quality of nonrandomized studies, and only those studies with moderate to high quality scores, as per these criteria, were included in the final analysis. Data analysis was performed through narrative synthesis.

Results

The primary outcome of this study was the evaluation of myokine expression, which included IL-6, IGF-1, BDNF, CTSB, irisin, and LIF. A total of 16 studies involving 633 older adults met the inclusion criteria. The current exercise modalities utilized in these studies primarily consisted of resistance training and moderate-to high-intensity cardiovascular exercise. The types of interventions included treadmill training, elastic band training, aquatic training, and Nordic walking training. The results indicated that both cardiovascular exercise and resistance exercise could delay musculoskeletal aging and enhance the cognitive functions of the brain. Additionally, different types and intensities of exercise exhibited varying effects on myokine expression.

Conclusion

Current evidence suggests that exercise mediates the secretion of specific myokines, including IL-6, IGF-1, BDNF, CTSB, irisin, and LIF, which establish self-regulatory circuits between the brain and muscle. This interaction enhances cognitive function in the brain and improves skeletal muscle function. Future research should focus on elucidating the exact mechanisms that govern the release of myokines, the correlation between the intensity of exercise and the secretion of these myokines, and the distinct processes by which myokines influence the interaction between muscle and the brain.
Deciphering the global research trends and significance of moral intelligence via bibliometric analysis
Authors: Bagchi Dipanjan , Srivastava Akancha , Tushir Bhawna
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Moral Intelligence (MI) as a concept has gained importance in recent years due to its wide applicability in individual, organizational, and clinical settings or even policy making. The present study employed Bibliometric analysis to understand the emerging topics associated with MI and its global research trend. This paper’s primary aim was (i) to explore the temporal and geographic growth trends of the research publication on MI. (ii) to identify the most prolific countries, institutions, and authors, working on MI, (iii) to identify the most frequent terminologies, (iv) to explore research topics and to provide insight into potential collaborations and future directions, and (v) to explore the significance of the concept of moral intelligence.

Method

Bibliometric analysis was used to understand the emerging topics associated with MI and its global research trend using the SCOPUS database. VOS viewer and R were employed to analyze the result. Through the analysis conducted, the development of the construct over time was analyzed.

Results

Results have shown that Iran and the United States and these two combined account for 53.16% of the total country-wise publications. Switzerland has the highest number of Multi-county publications. Authors from Iran and Switzerland have the most number of publications. Emerging topics like decision-making, machine ethics, moral agents, artificial ethics, co-evolution of human and artificial moral agents, green purchase intention etc were identified.

Discussion

The application of MI in organisational decision-making, education policy, artificial intelligence and measurement of moral intelligence are important areas of application as per the results. Research interest in MI is projected to increase according to the results delineated in this article.
Focus groups exploring American consumer perspectives on contemporary poultry production reveal critical insights to educate sustainable practices for producers
Authors: Dewi Grace , Smith Chery , Martin Wayne , Venkitanarayanan Kumar , Kollanoor Johny Anup
Published: September 2024

Ensuring sustainability in poultry production is complex and requires a multifaceted approach that considers human health and food security, bird health, the environment, and society. Consumers are critical stakeholders, yet their growing disconnection from agriculture production practices complicates efforts to achieve more sustainable systems. This study aims to gain insights into consumers' attitudes toward poultry and perceptions of contemporary production methods. Exploration of consumer perspectives would offer valuable insights that could educate producers on the priorities of the target market and make informed decisions about embracing practices to increase the sustainability of their operations. In this context, eight focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 54 multicultural participants who consume chicken and reside in Minnesota, USA. The major themes that emerged from the FGDs include (1) purchasing and consumption habits, (2) concerns regarding production methods, (3) the impact of social, religious, and cultural factors, (4) familiarity with poultry production practices, and (5) the importance of educating consumers. The study revealed that convenience, affordability, and health benefits are positive drivers of poultry consumption. While participants exhibited a greater preference for the flavor of dark (leg and thigh) meat, they often chose breast meat for its ease of preparation and perceived health benefits. Concern for human health tended to take precedence over ethical claims associated with animal welfare. Furthermore, misconceptions emerging from skepticism and unfamiliarity with regulations and the labeling of poultry products may deter the acceptability of higher costs. Many participants identified knowledge gaps and sought science-based information from reliable sources. They conveyed the necessity of outreach and education for consumers in more engaging and accessible forms of communication. The well-established reputation of poultry as a healthy, convenient, and affordable source of protein is the main driver for its consumption. Learning the attributes they believe are significant and underlying motivations or obstacles to consumption can be beneficial in developing effective strategies to promote the adoption of sustainable practices. Enhancing consumer understanding of sustainable poultry production could influence their acceptance and readiness to absorb the additional costs associated with it.
Morphing Spoiler for Adaptive Aerodynamics by Shape Memory Alloys
Authors: Riccio Aniello , Sellitto Andrea , Battaglia Miriam
Published: September 2024

The automotive industry is continuously looking for innovative solutions to improve vehicle aerodynamics and efficiency. The research introduces a significant breakthrough in the field of automotive aerodynamics by employing shape memory alloys as bistable actuators for spoilers and moving flaps. The main novelty of this research lies in the development of a bistable actuator made of shape memory alloys as a precise and accurate control mechanism for spoilers and movable flaps. The shape memory alloys, with their unique ability to maintain two stable configurations and switch rapidly from one to the other in response to thermal or mechanical stimuli, allow precise and rapid adjustment of aerodynamic surfaces. The main advantage of this technology is its ability to improve vehicle aerodynamics by optimising both drag and downforce, thereby improving vehicle performance and fuel efficiency. This research shows the promising potential of a single composition of NiTi as a revolutionary technology in the automotive industry, revolutionising the way spoilers and moving flaps are used to achieve superior vehicle performance.
A Hierarchical Control Method for Trajectory Tracking of Aerial Manipulators Arms
Authors: Zhuo Haoze , Yang Zhong , You Yulong , Xu Nuo , Liao Luwei , Wu Jiying , He Jiahui
Published: September 2024

To address the control challenges of an aerial manipulator arm (AMA) mounted on a drone under conditions of model inaccuracy and strong disturbances, this paper proposes a hierarchical control architecture. In the upper-level control, Bézier curves are first used to generate smooth and continuous desired trajectory points, and the theory of singular trajectory lines along with a Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) is introduced to construct a highly accurate multi-configuration inverse kinematic solver. This solver not only effectively avoids singular solutions but also enhances its precision online through data-driven methods, ensuring the accurate calculation of joint angles. The lower-level control focuses on optimizing the dynamic model of the manipulator. Using a Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy, the dynamic behavior of the manipulator is predicted, and a rolling optimization process is executed to solve for the optimal control sequence. To enhance system robustness, an RBFNN is specifically introduced to compensate for external disturbances, ensuring that the manipulator maintains stable performance in dynamic environments and computes the optimal control commands. Physical prototype testing results show that this control strategy achieves a root mean square (RMS) error of 0.035, demonstrating the adaptability and disturbance rejection capabilities of the proposed method.
Damage Detection and Localization Methodology Based on Strain Measurements and Finite Element Analysis: Structural Health Monitoring in the Context of Industry 4.0
Authors: Herrera Andrés R. , Alvarez Joham , Restrepo Jaime , Herrera Camilo , Rodríguez Sven , Escobar Carlos A. , Vásquez Rafael E. , Sierra-Pérez Julián
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the integration of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) within the frame of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies, highlighting the potential for intelligent infrastructure management through the utilization of big data analytics, machine learning (ML), and the Internet of Things (IoT). This study presents a success case focused on a novel SHM methodology for detecting and locating damages in metallic aircraft structures, employing dimensional reduction techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA). By analyzing strain data collected from a network of sensors and comparing it to a baseline pristine condition, the methodology aims to identify subtle changes in local strain distribution indicative of damage. Through extensive Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations and a PCA contribution analysis, the research explores the influence of various factors on damage detection, including sensor placement, noise levels, and damage size and type. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in detecting cracks and holes as small as 2 mm in length, showcasing the potential for early damage identification and targeted interventions in diverse sectors such as aerospace, civil engineering, and manufacturing. Ultimately, this paper underscores the synergistic relationship between SHM and I4.0, paving the way for a future of intelligent, resilient, and sustainable infrastructure.
An Improved Laplace Satellite Tracking Method Based on the Kalman Filter
Authors: Cui Shuang , Li Jiang , Yu Yang , Wang Ye , Gao Yuan , Zhang Lei , Chen Jiayu
Published: September 2024

When photoelectric measuring equipment is used to track satellites, the extraction of the short-term or long-term target often fails because the target is weak, clouds block the target, and/or the sun’s angle is too small, resulting in the loss of the tracking target. In this study, an improved Laplacian satellite tracking method based on the Kalman filter is proposed. Firstly, the improved Laplacian algorithm was used for the initial fitting of the equation of motion of a small amount of measurement data. Judgment of the validity and Kalman filtering was carried out on the current frame’s measurement data to calculate the optimal estimate of the current frame’s orbit data, and the accurate equation of motion was iteratively fitted to obtain high-precision data for predicting the satellite’s orbit frame by frame. Numerical tracking of the equipment was carried out. This method was experimentally validated on an actual optical measurement device. The test results showed that this method can make up for the frequent loss of short-term targets. Under the condition that the maximum deviation is less than 3″, the length of extrapolated data can be up to 30 s and the length of the measurement data was less than 30 s. This method may improve the stability of tracking equipment as well as the accuracy and integrity of the measurement data.
Test Method for Single Satellite’s Inter-Satellite Link Pointing and Tracking via Ground Station
Authors: Hong Zhenqiang , Huang Xuxing , Yang Lifeng , Bian Zhiqiang , Yang Yong , Li Shuang
Published: September 2024

An inter-satellite link is a key technology that improves control accuracy, transmission efficiency, and autonomous capability of constellations. A satellite’s pointing and tracking abilities mainly determine the inter-satellite link’s performance, which should be validated through an in-orbit test. However, during the construction of the constellation, the distribution of satellites does not satisfy the constraints of establishing the inter-satellite link. A test method for inter-satellite link pointing and tracking is developed with respect to a single satellite. A practical mission scenario for testing inter-satellite links’ performance is constructed. A virtual satellite is introduced as the target satellite to establish an inter-satellite link with the local satellite. The orbit of the virtual target satellite between two ground stations is characterized based on the Newton–Raphson method. By comparing the predicted and actual time differences between two ground stations receiving the signals from the local satellite, the inter-satellite link pointing and tracking abilities are evaluated independently. Numerical simulations verify the design of the virtual satellite. The single satellite test method for inter-satellite link pointing and tracking abilities is available.
A Study of the Impact of Surgical Correction of Left Abomasal Displacement on Fertility Parameters in Lactating Holstein Cows
Authors: Nanas Ioannis , Dovolou Eleni , Dadouli Katerina , Ramouzis Ilias , Amiridis Georgios S.
Published: September 2024

The left displacement of the abomasum (LDA) is a common condition in dairy cows that can significantly impact their welfare, productivity, and fertility. This study was carried out in Greek dairy farms over a period of 3 years. To ensure early detection, the farmers were trained to accurately identify the disease. The reproductive performance and milk production of 306 cows was assessed by considering the time to the first estrus, the calving-to-conception interval, and the number of artificial inseminations required for the establishment of pregnancy. Uterine health status, the timing of disease diagnosis, and the season of the year were also evaluated. In a separate study, the outcomes of 26 cases where cows suffered LDA and underwent surgical treatment with a delay of at least one week from disease onset, were compared to those of cases promptly treated. The results indicate that even early identification and treatment of LDA affects fertility and milk yield; these impacts worsen with the co-existence of uterine infections of affected. However, in late-treated cases, all reproductive and production indices show significant deterioration. Our findings suggest that timely diagnosis of the disease, preferably by the farmer, ensures minimal losses in cows affected by LDA.
Improving the Storage Quality of Ready-to-Eat Clementine Fruits Using Lemon By-Products
Authors: Boninsegna Miriam Arianna , De Bruno Alessandra , Piscopo Amalia
Published: September 2024

In this study, the effect of the antioxidant extract from lemon by-products (Citrus × Limon L.) integrated into an edible alginate-based coating was evaluated to preserve the storage quality of ready-to-eat Clementine (Citrus × Clementina) fruits. The effects of different coatings (1.5% of alginate and 1.5% of alginate + 2–4% of lemon by-product extract) were assessed by the physical, chemical, microbiological, sensorial, and structural analyses of ready-to-eat Clementine fruits stored for 21 d at 4 °C. Ready-to-eat Clementine fruits coated with alginate and extract from lemon by-products showed greater levels of polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and organic acids. A microbiological analysis revealed the dose-dependent effect of the extract to contrast the growth of mesophilic bacteria, yeast, and molds during storage. A sensory analysis confirmed that the enriched coating improved the visual, structural, and olfactory parameters until the end of storage. The evidence in this study proves that an antioxidant extract from lemon by-products is a great sustainable treatment to preserve ready-to-eat fruits.