bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Object Contour Tracking Algorithm of Infrared Image Under Complex Background
Authors: Zhang Zheng-Ben , Wang Yu-Fen ,   Department of Computer Science & Technology, Henan Institute of Technology Xinxiang, Henan 45300, China,   School of Information Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang, Henan 45300, China
Published: March 2019

Traditional image contour tracking algorithm has low tracking accuracy. To solve this problem, an object contour tracking algorithm based on local significant edge features in complex background is proposed. In the algorithm, the projective invariant is firstly introduced, to construct the geometric information descriptor between the edge positions of the infrared image, and set up the histogram of the feature number of each target contour. The geometric similarity between the features is measured by the pasteurized coefficient, the edge features of the neighbourhood around the object contour are established, and the object contour with significant features in the edge of the image is searched. Combining Shape-context operator with edge feature, the feature description vector can be formed, and Euclidean distance is defined to track measurement function. Using this function, the selected object contour is tracked preliminarily. The random consistency checking algorithm is used to eliminate the false tracking feature points and obtain the best tracking value of the object contour, thus the infrared image’s object contour tracking is carried out in the complex background. Experimental simulation shows that the proposed algorithm has high tracking accuracy and effectively improves the quality of infrared image analysis.
Massive Data Mining Algorithm for Web Text Based on Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Luo Nan-Chao ,   School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Aba Teachers University Wenchuan, Sichuan 623002, China
Published: March 2019

The massive data of Web text has the characteristics of high dimension and sparse spatial distribution, which makes the problems of low mining precision and long time consuming in the process of mining mass data of Web text by using the current data mining algorithms. To solve these problems, a massive data mining algorithm of Web text based on clustering algorithm is proposed. By using chi square test, the feature words of massive data are extracted and the set of characteristic words is gotten. Hierarchical clustering of feature sets is made, TF-IDF values of each word in clustering set are calculated, and vector space model is constructed. By introducing fair operation and clone operation on bee colony algorithm, the diversity of vector space models can be improved. For the result of the clustering center, K-means is introduced to extract the local centroid and improve the quality of data mining. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve data mining accuracy and time consuming.
Randomised controlled trial of the short-term effects of OROS-methylphenidate on ADHD symptoms and behavioural outcomes in young male prisoners with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (CIAO-II)
Authors: Asherson Philip , Johansson Lena , Holland Rachel , Fahy Thomas , Forester Andrew , Howitt Sheila , Lawrie Stephen , Young Susan , Landau Sabine , Thomson Lindsay
Published: March 2019

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalence disorder, seen in 20-30% of young adult prisoners. Pharmacoepidemiological studies, a small randomised controlled, and open trial data suggest clinically significant reductions in ADHD symptoms, emotional dysregulation, disruptive behaviour and engagement with educational activities. Yet, routine treatment of ADHD in offenders with ADHD is not yet established clinical practice. There is continued uncertainty about the clinical response to methylphenidate, a first line treatment for ADHD, in offenders who often present with an array of complex mental health problems that may better explain states of inattentive, overactive restless and impulsive behaviours. To address this problem we conduct an efficacy trial to establish the short term effects of OROS-methylphenidate (Concerta XL), an extended release formulation of MPH, on ADHD symptoms, emotional dysregulation and behaviour.
Methods: Parallel arm randomised placebo-controlled trial of OROS-MPH on ADHD symptoms, behaviour and functional outcomes in young male prisoners aged 16-25, meeting DSM-5 criteria for ADHD. Participants are randomised to 8-weeks treatment with OROS-MPH or placebo, titrated over 5 weeks to balance ADHD symptom improvement against side effects. 200 participants will be recruited with 1:1 ratio of drug to placebo. The primary outcome is change in level of ADHD symptoms after 8-weeks of trial medication.
Discussion: Potential benefits include improvement in ADHD symptoms, emotional dysregulation, attitudes towards violence, critical incidents and engagement with educational and rehabilitation programs. Demonstrating efficacy and safety of MPH on ADHD symptoms and associated impairments may provide the data needed to develop effective healthcare pathways for a significant group of young offenders. Establishing efficacy of MPH in this population will provide the foundation needed to establish long term effectiveness studies with the potential for demonstrating significant reductions in criminal behaviour and improved health-economic outcomes.
Trial Registration: ISRCTN16827947l; EudraCT Number: 2015-004271-78.
Protocol version: v2.0 30.08.2018
The Nature stroke study; NASTRU - A randomised controlled trial of nature-based post-stroke fatigue rehabilitation
Authors: Pálsdóttir Anna María , Stigmar Kjerstin , Norrving Bo , Grahn Patrik , Petersson Ingemar F , Åström Mikael , Pessah-Rasmussen Hélène
Published: March 2019

Fatigue is common after stroke and contributes to disability and impaired quality of life. Currently, there is insufficient evidence on the efficacy of any intervention for post-stroke fatigue.
The aim of the study was to examine whether 10 weeks Nature-based rehabilitation (NRB) as add-on to standard care may improve post-stroke fatigue, perceived value of everyday occupations, function, activity and participation compared to standard care only (Clinical Trial.gov Identifier: NCT02435043, 2012/352, 05-06-2015).
The study was carried out as a single blinded two-armed randomised controlled trial. Stroke survivors identified through routine 3-month follow-up visit (sub-acute) or medical records (chronic stroke > 1 year earlier) were randomised to Standard care + NBR or Standard care only. Blinded evaluations were conducted at follow-up 8 and 14 months after randomisation.
The primary outcomes were post-stroke fatigue (Mental Fatigue Scale, total score) and perceived value of everyday occupations (Oval-pd) 8 months after randomisation. About a quarter of the screened patients were eligible; half accepted to participate and 101 were randomised, mean age 67 years, 60% female. The patients with sub-acute stroke were highly compliant with the intervention. Fatigue decreased to a value below the suggested cut-off for mental fatigue (<10.5) in the intervention group but not in the control group; no statistically significant differences were found though between the groups.
Conclusion: NASTRU is the first randomised study on NBR for patients with post stroke fatigue. NBR was feasible and well tolerated. The study was underpowered due to difficulties in recruiting participants. No significant differences were detected between intervention and control group. A larger RCT is warranted.

Keywords: clinical trial, enriched environment, everyday occupations, horticulture therapy, quality of life.
Planting Date and Cultivar Affect Melon Quality and Productivity
Authors: Dufault Robert J. , Korkmaz Ahmet , Ward Brian K. , Hassell Richard L.
Published: March 2019

Extending the production season of melons (Cucumis melo L.) by using very early and late planting dates outside the range that is commercially recommended will increase the likelihood of developing a stronger melon industry in South Carolina. The objective of this study was to determine if early (February) transplanted melons or later (June through July) planting dates are effective in extending the production season of acceptable yields with good internal quality of the melon cultivars: Athena, Eclipse, and Sugar Bowl and Tesoro Dulce (a honeydew melon). Melons were transplanted in Charleston, S.C., in 1998, 1999, and 2000 on 12 and 26 Feb., 12 and 26 Mar., 9 and 23 Apr., 7 and 21 May, 4 and 18 June, and 2 July and required 130, 113, 105, 88, 79, 70, 64, 60, 60, 59, and 56 days from field transplanting to reach mean melon harvest date, respectively. Stands were reduced 67%, 41%, and 22% in the 12 and 26 Feb. and 12 Mar. planting dates, respectively, in contrast to the 26 Mar. planting date but ≤15% in all other planting dates. Planting in February had no earliness advantage because the 12 and 26 Feb. and 12 and 26 Mar. planting dates, all reached mean melon harvest from 19 to 23 June. Comparing the marketable number of melons produced per plot (averaged over cultivar) of the standard planting dates of 12 and 26 Mar. indicated decreases of 21%, 32%, 36%, 36%, 57%, 57%, and 54%, respectively with the planting dates of 9 and 23 Apr., 7 and 21 May, 4 and 18 June, and 2 July. The most productive cultivar of all was `Eclipse', which yielded significantly more melons per plot in all 11 planting dates followed by `Athena' (in 8 of 11 planting dates), `Tesoro Dulce' (7 of 11 planting dates), and `Sugar Bowl' (2 of 11 planting dates). In our study, any planting date with melon quality less than the USDA standard of “good internal quality” or better (Brix ≥9.0) was considered unacceptable because of potential market rejection. Therefore, the earliest recommended planting date with acceptable yield and “good internal quality” was 12 Mar. for all cultivars; the latest planting dates for `Athena', `Eclipse', `Tesoro Dulce', and `Sugar Bowl' were 4 June, 18 June, 7 May, and 9 Apr., respectively. With these recommendations, the harvest season of melons lasted 40 days from 24 June to 3 Aug. for these four cultivars, which extended the production season an additional 2 weeks longer than the harvest date of last recommended 21 May planting date.
Effects of Prohexadione-Ca and GA4+7 on Scarf Skin and Fruit Maturity in Apple
Authors: McArtney Steven , Ferree Dave , Schmid John , Obermiller J.D. , Green A.
Published: March 2019

A series of experiments were undertaken to compare the effects of individual and combined applications of GA4+7 and prohexadione-Ca (P-Ca) on scarf skin and fruit quality parameters on red strains of `Rome Beauty' and `Gala' apples. Three applications of GA4+7 at 10-day intervals beginning at petal fall (PF) significantly reduced scarf skin severity in all experiments. A single application of P-Ca at PF had no effect on scarf skin in one experiment but reduced scarf skin severity in two further experiments. Combining P-Ca with the first of three GA4+7 sprays as a tank mix reduced the severity of scarf skin more effectively than either material alone in two of three experiments at P < 0.05 and in all three experiments at P < 0.10. Combining P-Ca with the first application of GA4+7 as a tank mix generally reduced scarf skin as effectively as applying P-Ca and the first GA4+7 spray two days apart, although in one experiment, greater scarf skin control was achieved when P-Ca was applied 2 days after the first GA4+7 spray. A single application of P-Ca at PF consistently reduced, and three applications of GA4+7 consistently increased, mean fruit weight at harvest compared with the control. The economic benefits as a result of reducing scarf skin severity with P-Ca and GA4+7 sprays will need to be balanced against the negative effect of P-Ca on mean fruit weight. There is no antagonism between early season P-Ca and GA4+7 sprays for scarf skin control, and P-Ca may increase the efficacy of GA4+7 sprays for scarf skin control in apple.
Modifying Alternate Bearing of Spur-Type `Delicious' Apple with Ethephon
Authors: Bukovac Martin J. , Sabbatini Paolo , Schwallier Philip G.
Published: March 2019

The effect of ethephon on flowering and cropping of strongly alternate bearing spur-type `Delicious' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) was evaluated in a 6-year study. Ethephon (200 mg·L–1), applied at 3, 3 + 6, and 3 + 6 + 9 weeks after full bloom in “on years,” increased flowering in “off years” by 33% and reduced flowering in “on years” by 17% compared with the control. The mean yield per tree for ethephon-treated trees over three “on years” and three “off years” was almost identical to that of the controls (82 vs. 80 kg/tree). However, the distribution of yield between “on” and “off” years was changed, 24% greater in “off years” and 10% less in “on years.” Ethephon reduced both the variation in yield, particularly in “off years,” and the magnitude of alternation. Ethephon had a direct effect on flower initiation because 1) it did not reduce shoot growth or yield in the “on years” (years of ethephon application) and 2) ethephon-treated trees initiated more flowers per kilogram of fruit produced than did the controls. The additional flowers initiated were functional because the amount of fruit produced per unit bloom density did not differ between control and ethephon-treated trees. Harvest maturity indices, namely internal ethylene concentration, firmness, starch index, soluble solids, and color, were not significantly affected, although internal ethylene concentration and starch index tended to be higher in fruit from treated trees.
Akım Ölçümü Alınmayan İki Alt Havzanın Dolaysız Akış Hidrograflarının Anlık Birim Hidrograf Yaklaşımıyla Karşılaştırılması
Authors: AKAY Hüseyin , BADUNA KOÇYİĞİT Müsteyde
Published: March 2019

Bu
çalışmanın amacı akım ölçümü alınmayan, birbirine yakın drenaj alanına ve
uzunluk oranına sahip iki alt havzanın çıkış noktasında dolaysız akış
hidrograflarını tahmin etmektir. Bunun için Batı Karadeniz Havzası’nda yer alan
Araç Çayı’nın iki komşu alt havzası seçilmiştir. ArcGIS programı yardımıyla alt
havzaların drenaj ağı oluşturulmuş ve bazı morfometrik parametreleri
hesaplanmıştır. Nash anlık birim hidrograf yöntemiyle alt havzaların birim
hidrografı tahmin edilmiştir. Alt havzaların hidrograflarının eşit durumlarda
karşılaştırılabilmesi için aynı eğri numarası ve yağış modeli kullanılarak
HEC-HMS hidrolojik modeli yardımıyla analizleri yapılmıştır. Model sonuçlarına
göre alt havza 1 ve alt havza 2’de meydana gelen pik debiler sırasıyla 18.71 ve
27.83 m3/s olup alt havza 2 pik debisinin alt havza 1 pik debisinden
%49 daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, alt havza 2’de pik debiye gelme
süresi 5 saatken, alt havza 1’in pik debiye gelme süresi 7 saat olarak
hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan hidrograflara göre alt havza 2’nin alt havza 1’e
göre ani taşkına daha duyarlı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. İzlenen yöntem alt
havzaların anlık taşkın potansiyellerine göre önceliklendirilmesine de olanak
sağlar. Akım ölçümü olmayan akarsular üzerinde yapılması planlanan hidrolik
yapıların projelendirilmesi sırasında bu yöntem takip edilerek alt havzanın
kendi özelliklerini doğrudan kullanarak hidrograf ve pik debi tahmini
yapılabilir.
Późne działania niepożądane uzupełniającego leczenia systemowego u chorych z rozpoznaniem raka piersi.
Authors: Myśliwiec Paulina
Published: March 2019

W ostatnich latach znacząco poprawiły się wyniki leczenia raka piersi. W dużej mierze związane jest to ze stosowaniem uzupełniającego leczenia systemowego.Optymalna chemioterapia i immunoterapia oraz kompleksowa hormonoterapia przyczyniły się do wydłużenia czasu przeżycia całkowitego i czasu wolnego od choroby, jednak leczenie nieuchronnie wiąże się z występowaniem działań niepożądanych, które mogą wpływać na jakość życia chorych. Wczesne działania niepożądane leczenia systemowego ustępują maksymalnie do 6 miesięcy od zakończenia terapii. Późne objawy uboczne mogą utrzymywać się do końca życia pacjentów, a metody ich leczenia są często niesatysfakcjonujące.
Pomiary rozkładów dawek poza obszarem terapeutycznym na wybranych głębokościach i odległościach od osi wiązki.
Authors: Kowalik Anna
Published: March 2019

Celem pracy było zbadanie dawek poza obszarem terapeutycznym na wybranych głębokościach i odległościach od osi wiązki (CAX). Na potrzeby badania zaprojektowano i skonstruowano fantom wodny o wymiarach 45cm x 35cm x 90cm, w którym umieszczone zostały detektory termoluminescencyjne (TLD 100). Detektory umieszczone zostały na czterech głębokościach : 2cm, 5cm, 8cm, i 15 cm oraz czterech odległościach (dla każdej głębkości) od osi wiązki: 10, 20, 30 i 40 cm.  W osi wiązki zadano dawkę 76 Gy, co odpowiadało 7503 jednostkom monitorowym (MU). Dawka w odległości 10 cm od osi wiązki i 2 cm głębokości była bliska dawce na głębokości 15 cm i wynosiła średnio 2,3 Gy. Pomiary dawek pokazały silną zależność dawki w zależności od odległości od osi wiązki. Dla dystansu 40 cm od CAX na głębokości 2 cm, zmierzono dawkę równą 0,27 Gy (SD= 0,025), na 15cm od CAX 0,116 (SD=0,066). W odległości 30 cm od osi wiązki zależność dawki wraz z głębokością była znacząca na głębokości 2 cm – 0.524 Gy (SD=0,251) oraz na głębokości 15 cm – 0.242 Gy (SD=0,564).  20 cm od osi wiązki na 2 cm głębokości wynosiła 0,925 Gy (SD=0,483) i głębokości 15 cm 0,517 (SD=0,160)
Recent Advances in the Application of Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives as Bio Supported Catalyst in the Cross Coupling Reactions
Authors: Rafiee Fatemeh
Published: March 2019

The present review article surveys an outline on the most recent efforts and exciting developments (between 2010-2018 years) in the application of chitosan and modified chitosan derivatives as bio support for metal immobilization in the cross coupling reactions. The procedures incorporated in this review comprise metal nanoparticles (Pd, Ni, Cu, Au, Co) or metal ions immobilization on non-modified chitosan, porous chitosan microspheres, chitosan hybrid with other organic and inorganic polymers and functionalized chitosan with different ligands such as amine, amide, thiourea, amino acid, carbene and Schiff base derivatives. Also, in each case, the catalytic efficiency was described in various cross coupling reactions.
Detoxification of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines by Probiotic to Inhibit Medical Hazards
Authors: Khosravi-Darani Kianoush , Barzegar F. , Baghdadi M.
Published: March 2019

:

Cancer is the second leading factor of human death in the world. Long-term consumption of
cooked red meat brings about various types of cancers like colorectal cancer due to the formation of
Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines (HAAs) during the heating process of meat. There are various solutions
for the reduction of these toxicants. The aim of this article is to describe probiotic as one of the possible
strategies for bioremoval of these carcinogenic and mutagenic substances and change food to functional
one as well. The mechanism of biodetoxification is binding by probiotics, which depends on
some variables including the probiotic characteristics, kind and content of the mutagens, as well as
some properties of media. In this article, after introducing detoxification ability of probiotics and listing
of all reported probiotics in this field, the influencing variables are surveyed and finally, opportunities
and problems of HAA bioremoval by probiotics are described.
Dietary Adherence, Self-Efficacy, and Health Behavior Change of WASHOKU-Modified DASH Diet: A Sub-analysis of the DASH-JUMP Study
Authors: Kawamura Atsuko , Inagaki Junko , Umemoto Seiji , Kajiya Katsuko , Kishi Hiroko , Mitarai Makoto , Oda Hiroshi , Kobayashi Sei
Published: March 2019

Background:

We previously reported the nutritional characteristics and effects of the
DASH-JUMP diet, which is a WASHOKU-modified DASH diet, in Japanese participants with
untreated high-normal blood pressure or stage 1 hypertension. The dietary adherence of the DASH
diet in Japanese participants has never been evaluated before.

Objective:

We aimed to assess the relationships between dietary adherence, self-efficacy, and health
behavior change among study participants who received the DASH-JUMP diet by home delivery.

Methods:

Participants were treated with the DASH-JUMP diet for 2 months and consumed their
usual diets for the next 4 months. We conducted surveys using the stage of behavior change model
questionnaire and the modified perceived health competence scale Japanese version questionnaire at
baseline and 1, 2, 3, and 6 months to assess dietary adherence.

Results:

Forty-three participants (25 men, 18 women; mean age 53.6 ± 8.2 years) returned completed
questionnaires, which we analyzed. Health behavior change was motivated by previous behavioral
changes and improved biomarkers. The improvement and maintenance of self-efficacy
were deeply related to health behavior change and previous self-efficacy. The experience of the
DASH-JUMP study for participants included three processes to improve lifestyle habits: Phase 1,
reflecting on previous lifestyle habits; Phase 2, learning through new experiences and the acquisition
of knowledge; and Phase 3, desiring to maintain their own health.

Conclusion:

It indicated that the DASH-JUMP diet significantly increased self-efficacy and promoted
health behavior change.
Modification in the Natural Bioactive Molecule: Piperine; A Continuing Source for the Drug Development
Authors: Chopra Bhawna , Dhingra Ashwani K. , Prasad Deo N.
Published: March 2019

Background:

Piperine, a bioactive alkaloid was a well-known component which was used
traditionally to treat a variety of disorders.

Objective:

The present review is to discuss the modified piperine or piperic acid analogs or its derivatives
to explore the potential of piperine. Piperine or piperic acid had potentials as antibacterial, antitumor,
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, immunomodulatory and many more for drug development.
So modification in natural molecule piperine generates numerous derivatives or analogues which
may be found beneficial in drug development.

Methods:

A literature survey has been carried out to determine the real potential of piperine and its
modified analogs.

Results:

It has been scrutinized that piperine and its derivatives possess valuable components with good
therapeutic potential.

Conclusion:

Thus, this review aims to provide knowledge as well as to explore the excellent potential
of piperine, piperic acid, piperine derived compounds/ analogs which may further, after performing
toxicity studies, and other parameters, be helpful in the design and development of novel drug candidates
against numerous disease conditions and thus it paves way for further work in exploring the potential
to treat the patients with obesity and skin related disorders.
Design, Synthesis, Anti-Proliferative, Anti-microbial, Anti-Angiogenic Activity and In Silico Analysis of Novel Hydrazone Derivatives
Authors: Ünver Hakan , Berber Burak , Demirel Rasime , Koparal Ayşe T.
Published: March 2019

Background:

Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally. Hydrazone and hydrazone derivatives
have high activity, and for this reason, these compound are greatly used by researchers to synthesize new
anti-cancer drug. The aim of this research work is to synthesize novel anticancer agents.

Methods:

New hydrazone derivatives were synthesized via a reaction between 3-formylphenyl methyl carbonate
and benzhydrazide, 4-methylbenzoic hydrazide, 4-tert-butylbenzoic hydrazide, 4-nitrobenzoic hydrazide and 3-
methoxybenzoic hydrazide, and were successfully characterized using elemental analysis, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR,
FT-IR and LC-MS techniques. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial (some grampositive
and -negative bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeasts), anti-proliferative (T47D and HCC1428-breast
cancer cells) and anti-angiogenic (HUVEC-endothelial cells) activities. The anti-proliferative activities of the
hydrazone compounds R1-R5 were studied on these cell lines by MTT assay. The anti-angiogenic potential of
the compounds was determined by the endothelial tube formation assay. To identify structural features related to
the anti-proliferative activity of these compounds, 2D-QSAR was performed.

Results:

The results indicated that compound R3 exhibited strong anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative activity
on breast cancer cell lines and healthy cell lines. Also, this compound; possessing a tertiary butyl moiety on the
hydrazine, exhibited the highest inhibitory effect against all tested microorganisms; in particular, it inhibited
Candida albicans at a lower concentration than ketoconazole. Among the investigated compounds, those bearing
methyl, tertiary butyl (compound R2, R3) and methoxy (compound R5) moiety were found to be more
successful anticandidal derivatives than standard antifungal antibiotics. The QSAR analysis suggested that the
tumor specificity of the hydrazone correlated with their molecular weight, lipophilicity, molar refractivity, water
solubility, DipolHybrid:(MOPAC) and ExchangeEnergy:(MOPAC). Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and
Elimination (ADME) analysis of the hydrazone compounds showed that they have favorable pharmacokinetic
and drug-likeness properties. The ADME results clarify that R3 is the best compound in terms of pharmacokinetic
properties. In contrast to other compounds; target prediction analysis of the compound R3 showed inhibitory
activity on estrogen-related receptor alpha transcription factor (ESRRA). The target prediction analysis was
supported by molinspiration bioactivity score.

Conclusion:

The R3 compound is considered to be an important candidate for future studies with its suitability
for the Lipinski’s rule of five for drug-likeness, and effective in vitro and in silico results.
Antitumour and Toxicity Evaluation of a Ru(II)-Cyclopentadienyl Complex in a Prostate Cancer Model by Imaging Tools
Authors: Gano Lurdes , Pinheiro Teresa , Matos António P. , Tortosa Francisco , Jorge Tiago F. , Gonçalves Maria S. , Martins Marta , Morais Tânia S. , Valente Andreia , Tomaz Ana I. , Garcia Maria H. , Marques Fernanda
Published: March 2019

Background:

Ruthenium complexes have been extensively investigated for their prospective value as alternatives to cisplatin. Recently, we reported the in vitro anticancer properties of a family of organometallic ruthenium( II)-cyclopentadienyl complexes and have explored their mechanism of action.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vivo antitumour efficacy and toxicity of one of these Ru(II) compounds, [RuCp(mTPPMSNa)(2,2′-bipy)][CF3SO2] (TM85) which displayed an interesting spectrum of activity against several cancer cells.

Methods:

Studies to assess the antitumour activity and toxicity were performed in a metastatic prostate (PC3) mice model using ICP-MS, nuclear microscopy, elemental analysis and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).

Results:

TM85 showed low systemic toxicity but no significant tumour reduction, when administered at tolerated dose (20mg/kg) over 10 days. Ru was mainly retained in the liver and less in kidneys, with low accumulation in tumour. Increased bilirubin levels, anomalous Ca and Fe concentrations in liver and mitochondria alterations were indicative of liver injury. The hepatotoxicity observed was less severe than that of cisplatin and no nephrotoxicity was found.

Conclusion:

Under the experimental conditions of this study, TM85 is less toxic than cisplatin, induces similar tumour reduction and avoids the formation of metastatic foci. No renal toxicity was observed by the analysis of creatinine levels and the effective renal plasma flow by 99mTc-MAG3 clearance. Hence, it can be considered a valuable compound for further studies in the field of Ru-based anticancer drugs.
Influence of Power Factor on the Performance of Bulb Tubular Turbine Generator
Authors: Qiu Hongbo , Shen Hangyu , Yang Cunxiang , Yi Ran
Published: March 2019

Background:

In recent years, many patents have been dedicated to increasing the rated
power factor of generators. However, hydro-generators often encounter uncontrollable factors,
such as dry season, power network adjustment, and so on, resulting in low power factor operation.
In other words, the generator is often in a low power factor operating state. In order to provide data
reference for power plant in regulating power factor, it is necessary to analyze the performance of
generator in low power factor operation.

Objective:

The performance of the generator is analyzed when the power factor decreases, and the
influence of low power factor operation on the generator is obtained. Methods: Taking a 24MW
bulb tubular turbine generator as an example, a 2D transient electromagnetic field model is established.
The correctness of the model is verified by comparing the test data and the simulation data.
The torque, eddy current loss and air gap flux density of the generator under different power factor
are calculated.

Results:

When the power factor deceases from 0.99 to 0.85, the air gap flux density increases from
0.713 T to 0.749 T, the torque ripple increases from 150.5 kN⋅m to 179.9 kN⋅m, and the rotor eddy
current loss increases from 17.48 kW to 18.15 kW.

Conclusion:

The results show that the torque ripple and eddy current loss will increase with the
decrease of power factor when the generator lagging phase operation. The torque ripple and eddy
current loss increase by 3.8 % and 1 % respectively with the power factor decrease by 0.02 % with
power factor between 0.99 and 0.85.
Elucidating GABAB and GABAB Receptor Functions in Anxiety Using the Stress-Induced Hyperthermia Paradigm: A Review
Authors: H. Vinkers Christiaan , F. Cryan John , Olivier Berend , Groenink Lucianne
Published: March 2019

Exposure to acute psychological or physical stress increases core body temperature (stress-induced
hyperthermia, SIH) which is part of the autonomic stress response. SIH is used as a putative rodent anxiety paradigm in
which anxiolytic drugs reduce the SIH response. The predictive validity of the SIH paradigm has proven to be good,
making it suitable to detect the putative anxiolytic properties of drugs. So far, GABA receptor agonists including
benzodiazepines and hypnotics have proven to attenuate the SIH response. The GABAA receptor has been known to be
closely involved in the acute stress response. Also, the recent development of compounds with selective efficacy for
different subunits at the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor has renewed interest for the therapeutic potential of
GAB ergic drugs. Moreover, metabotropic (GABAB) receptor agonists reduce the SIH response. GABAB receptors are
ubiquitously expressed in the central nervous system, and there is evidence for a role of the GABAB receptor in anxiety.
Thus, both drugs acting on the GABAA and the GABAB receptor are generally able to attenuate the SIH response, and this
review presents a detailed overview of the effects of both drug classes on the SIH response. As the GABA receptor family
is diverse and complex, this paradigm may contribute to the elucidation of the putative effects of GABA ergic drugs in
emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression
Grade and Gender Effects on Self-Concept Development
Authors: Alrajhi Marwa , Aldhafri Said , Alkharusi Hussain , Alharthy Ibrahim , Albarashdi Hafidah , Alhadabi Amal
Published: March 2019

Background:

Different biological and environmental factors may play roles in the development of self-concept. Many studies have focused on gender or age differences in self-concept separately.

Objective:

The current study aimed at examining the effects of grade, gender and their interaction on the development of four self-concept dimensions (appearance, school, parent-relations, and peer-relations) among Omani adolescents.

Methods:

The study sample was 651 middle and high school students from two districts in Oman. The students were enrolled in grades 7, 9 and 11. The study utilized the Self-Description Questionnaire (SDQ-1, Marsh, 1988) to assess students' levels in the self-concepts dimensions. The study adopted the descriptive design using Two Way Multivariate Analysis of Variance.

Results:

The study results demonstrated that grade and gender interaction affected appearance self-concept development; however, this interaction had no effects on the other dimensions. Moreover, gender and grade differences were found in some dimensions of self-concept.

Conclusion:

The study suggested that the effects of grade level and gender varied based on the self-concept dimensions. Adolescents' self-concept should be given a careful attention for its important role in providing healthy outcomes.
Self-efficacy and Clinical Performance of Nurses Initiated and Management of Antiretroviral Therapy: Narrative Review
Authors: Mangi Nozuko Glenrose , Ter Goon Daniel , Yako Elizabeth Matsidiso
Published: March 2019

Introduction:

Self-efficacy plays a major role in the behaviour of a human being by how he/she approaches a goal, task or a challenge so that a desired level of performance is produced. The objective of this paper is to review and analyse literature on self-efficacy and clinical performance among professional nurses regarding quality of care in implementation of NIMART programme.

Methodology:

A literature review was conducted using online resources. Search engines included EBSCO, Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, Psych info and BIOMED Central articles and journals published between 2007 and 2017. Relevant papers on self-efficacy and clinical performance regarding the implementation of NIMART programme in South Africa were analysed.

Results:

278 papers were identified and 22 eligible papers were selected for analysis. Reviewed literature exhibited that self-efficacy is very crucial in the clinical performance of nurses in the implementation of NIMART. Self-efficacy helps to predict motivation and performance of individuals. Lack of mentoring, support and exposure to clinical practice had negative effect on nurse’s self-efficacy.

Conclusion:

Given the paucity of information on self-efficacy and clinical performance of NIMART in the South African context, future studies are warranted to gain more understanding of self-efficacy in the clinical performance of professional nurses.
Role of Dendrimer in Drug Solubilisation - A Review
Authors: Movliya Ravindra V. , Patel Pravinkumar M.
Published: March 2019

Objective:

Dendrimers, a new class of synthetic polymers proved themselves very useful tools for biomedical application due to their unique characteristics including water solubility, uniform size and shape, defined molecular weight, multivalency, biological compatibility and internal cavities. The hydrophobicity of a drug molecule creates hurdles in the development of effective dosage form and presents insufficient drug delivery to the target site.

Methods:

Solubility enhancement is one of the key properties of a dendrimer. The hydrophobic drug molecules are entrapped in the cavities of a dendrimer by complexation and get solubilized in the aqueous solution.

Conclusion:

The present article contains information on dendrimer and its biomedical application such as API solubility. The detailed study presents year wise survey of different research articles, research papers, reviews and patents on dendrimer and its application in drug solubility.
A Comparison of Norm Based Antenna Selection and Random Antenna Selection with Regard to Energy Efficiency in Wireless System with Large Number of Users
Authors: Taneja Ashu , Saluja Nitin
Published: March 2019

Background:

The paper considers the wireless system with large number of users
(more than 50 users) and each user is assigned large number of antennas (around 200) at the Base
Station (BS).

Objective:

The challenges associated with the defined system are increased power consumption
and high complexity of associated circuitry. The antenna selection is introduced to combat these
problems while the usage of linear precoding reduces computational complexity. The literature
suggests number of antenna selection techniques based on statistical properties of signal. However,
each antenna selection technique suits well to specific number of users.

Methods:

In this paper, the random antenna selection is compared with norm-based antenna selection. It
is analysed that the random antenna selection leads to inefficient spectral efficiency if the number of users
are more than 50 in Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO) system.

Results:

The paper proposes the optimization of Energy-Efficiency (EE) with random transmit antenna
selection for large number of users in MU-MIMO systems.

Conclusion:

Also the computation leads to optimization of number of transmit antennas at the BS
for energy efficiency. The proposed algorithm results in improvement of the energy efficiency by
27% for more than 50 users.
VLSI Implementation and Software Co-Simulation of Digital Image Watermarking with Increased Security
Authors: M. Vardhana , Bhat Anil Kumar
Published: March 2019

Background:

Security is one of the fundamental and essential factors, which has to be addressed
in the field of communication. Communication refers to the exchange of useful information
between two or more nodes. Sometimes it is required to exchange some of the confidential information
such as a company’s logo, which needs to be hidden from the third person. The data that is
being exchanged between these nodes has to be kept confidential and secured from unintended users.
The three fundamental components of security are confidentiality, integrity and authentication. The data
that is being exchanged has to be confidential, and only the authorized party should have access to the
information that is being exchanged. One of the key methods for securing the data is encryption.

Objective:

The main objective of this paper was to address the problem of data hiding and security in
communication systems. There is a need for having hardware resources for having high speed data
security and protection.

Methods:

In this paper, we implemented image watermarking using LSB technique to hide a secret
image, and employed encryption using Advanced Encryption Standard, to enhance the security of the
image. An image is a two dimensional signal, with each pixel value representing the intensity level.
The secure transmission of the image along the channel is a challenging task, because of the reason
that, any individual can access it, if no security measures are taken.

Conclusion:

An efficient method of digital watermarking has been implemented with increased security
and performance parameters are presented.

Results:

In this paper, hardware realization of image watermarking/encryption and dewatermarking/
decryption is implemented using Very Large Scale Integration. The design is verified by means
of co-simulation using MATLAB and Xilinx. The paper also presents the performance parameters of
the design, with respect to speed, area and power.
The Role of microRNAs Identified in the Amniotic Fluid
Authors: Fasoulakis Zacharias , Theodora Marianna , Tsirkass Ioannis , Tsirka Theodora , Kalagasidou Sofia , Inagamova Lola , Papamanolis Valentinos , Blontzos Nikolaos , Kontomanolis Emmanuel N.
Published: March 2019

Aim:

The study aimed to provide an overall view of current data considering the presence
of microRNAs in amniotic fluid.

Methods:

The available literature in MEDLINE, regarding the role of the amniotic fluid in pregnancy
and fetal development, was searched for related articles including terms such as “microRNA”, “Amniotic
fluid”, “Adverse outcome” and others.

Results:

The amniotic fluid has an undoubtedly significant part in fetal nutrition, with a protecting
and thermoregulatory role alongside. MicroRNAs have proven to be highly expressed during pregnancy
in many body liquids including amniotic fluid and are transferred between cells loaded in exosomes,
while they are also implicated in many processes during fetal development and could be potential
biomarkers for early prediction of adverse outcomes.

Conclusion:

Current knowledge reveals that amniotic fluid microRNAs participate in many developmental
and physiological processes of pregnancy including proliferation of fibroblasts, fetal development,
angiogenesis, cardioprotection, activation of signaling pathways, differentiation and cell motility,
while the expression profile of specific microRNAs has a potential prognostic role in the prediction
of Down syndrome, congenital hydronephrosis and kidney fibrosis.
Recent Patents on the Structure of High-Speed Motorized Spindle
Authors: Dai Ye , Wei Wen-Qiang , Zhang Xue-Liang , Qi Yun-Shan
Published: March 2019

Background:

As one of the core components of high-speed CNC machine tool, high-speed
motorized spindle is the core functional component of high precision CNC machine tool, which has
become the key research and development object of the world.

Objective:

By comparing and discussing the patents of high-speed motorized spindle, some valuable
conclusions have been drawn to predict the future research and development of high-speed motorized
spindle.

Methods:

By analyzing the characteristics of high-speed motorized spindle structure, the influence of
high-speed motorized spindle on high-speed machining technology was explicated. Combining with the
key technology of high-speed motorized spindle, the patents related to high-speed motorized spindle
structure were used for investigation.

Results:

With the rapid development of high-speed cutting and numerical control technology and the
need of practical application, the requirement for high-speed spindle performance has increased. Motorized
spindle technology has the characteristics of high speed, high strength, high power, high torque
and low speed, high precision, high reliability and long life, offering diversified bearing and lubrication
cooling methods and serving as an intelligent system.

Conclusion:

The different levels of improvement and renovation of the structure with high-speed motorized
spindle, by adding lubrication and cooling device to the spindle have improve the performance
of spindle, addressing the loopholes in the technology and making it more practical.
Physical Internet – a novel application area for Industry 4.0
Authors: Puskás Eszter , Bohács Gábor
Published: March 2019

The Physical Internet (PI or π) is one of the most decisive ideas for future logistics systems. The idea behind it is to implement logistic systems which apply the principles of Internet information flow. Simultaneously technological innovations of Industry 4.0 have also appeared. Our current research deals with the applicability of the tools of Industry 4.0 technology in the PI system. Following the literature review we analyse the individual technological tools that could improve the functioning of PI components. Subsequently we will detail the usability of a specific Industry 4.0 tool and finally determine the future research steps.
Determination of different parameters to high strength steel clinch joints by FEA
Authors: Jónás Szabolcs , Tisza Miklós
Published: March 2019

In this article the clinched joints were analyzed by finite element method (FEA). The base materials were advanced high strength steels (DP 600, DP 800 and DP 1000). The model validation procedure was done by the DP 600 type of steel sheets; the other two types of steel were only simulated. The goal was to determine the geometrical properties of the joints with different strength steels. The FEA model was the same in every mechanical point of view therefore the results are comparable. The main geometrical parameters of the clinch joints are the neck thickness (tN), the undercut (C), the bottom thickness (tB) and the height of the protrusion (h); these values were compared.
Accuracy Analysis of Two Parallel Manipulators
Authors: Hajdu Sándor , Bodnár Dávid
Published: March 2019

The aim of the study is to analyse and visualize the accuracy of two parallel manipulators. The kinematics are calculated using vectors and the Newton method. The accuracy is calculated based on the actuator errors, visualization is done with color shading. Calculations was done using MATLAB
Образование дефектов в структурах GaAs с непокрытой и покрытой пленкой AlN поверхностями при имплантации ионов азота и последующем отжиге
Authors: Соболев Н.А. , Сахаров В.И. , Серенков И.Т. , Бондарев А.Д. , Карабешкин К.В. , Фомин Е.В. , Калядин А.Е. , Микушкин В.М. , Шек Е.И. , Шерстнев Е.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe concentration profiles of defects produced in structures upon the implantation of nitrogen ions into GaAs epitaxial layers with an uncovered surface and that covered with an AlN film and subsequent annealing are studied. The ion energies and the implantation doses are chosen so that the nitrogen-atom concentration profiles coincided in structures of both types. Rutherford proton backscattering spectra are measured in the random and channeling modes, and the concentration profiles of point defects formed are calculated for the samples under study. It is found that the implantation of nitrogen ions introduces nearly the same number of point defects into structures of both types, and the formation of an AlN film by ion-plasma sputtering is accompanied by the formation of an additional number of defects. However, the annealing of structures of both types leads to nearly the same concentrations of residual defects.
A Human(e) Factor in Clinical Decision Support Systems (Preprint)
Authors: Bezemer Tim , de Groot Mark C H , Blasse Enja , ten Berg Maarten J , Kappen Teus H , Bredenoord Annelien L , van Solinge Wouter W , Hoefer Imo E , Haitjema Saskia
Published: March 2019

UNSTRUCTURED

The overwhelming amount, production speed, multidimensionality, and potential value of data currently available—often simplified and referred to as big data —exceed the limits of understanding of the human brain. At the same time, developments in data analytics and computational power provide the opportunity to obtain new insights and transfer data-provided added value to clinical practice in real time. What is the role of the health care professional in collaboration with the data scientist in the changing landscape of modern care? We discuss how health care professionals should provide expert knowledge in each of the stages of clinical decision support design: data level, algorithm level, and decision support level. Including various ethical considerations, we advocate for health care professionals to responsibly initiate and guide interprofessional teams, including patients, and embrace novel analytic technologies to translate big data into patient benefit driven by human(e) values.