bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stranger adoption, intrafamilial adoption and kin adoption in Finland
Authors: Lehti Hannu , Tanskanen Antti O
Published: December 2023

Humans, like many other primates, possess the ability to adopt, and the practice of child adoption exists across human societies. It is well-known that there are three distinct categories of child adoption—kin adoption, intrafamilial adoption, and stranger adoption—but there is a lack of studies providing exact information on the relationship between adoptive parents and children. Using high-quality register data covering all child adoptions in Finland between 1999 and 2021 (n = 7422), this study found that the most common types of adoption involve strangers where adoptive parents are not genetically related to the children. In the case of kin adoptions, grandparents were the most common adoptive parents, followed by aunts and uncles. Maternal kin adopted children more often than paternal kin. Regarding intrafamilial adoptions, stepfathers adopted their spouses’ children more often than stepmothers. Single females adopted children more frequently than single males and female same-sex couples adopted children more often than male same-sex couples. These findings are discussed regarding evolutionary theories on parental investment and substitute parenting.
Metaphor Forces Argument Overtness
Authors: Reinöhl Uta , Ellison T. Mark
Published: December 2023

This paper uncovers how metaphor forces argument overtness - across languages and across parts of speech. It addresses the relationship between semantically unsaturated terms, functors, and the arguments which complete them. When the component terms’ default senses clash semantically, a metaphor arises. In such cases, the argument must be overt, in contrast to literal uses. It is possible to say Everyone was waiting at the hotel. Finally, Kim arrived. By contrast, people do not use arrived metaphorically without a goal argument: Everything had been pointing to that conclusion all along. *Finally, Kim arrived. What they say is Finally, Kim arrived at it. We illustrate the phenomenon with powerful and diverse evidence: three corpus studies (Indo-Aryan languages, British English, Vera’a) and a sentence-completion experiment with around 250 native speakers of English. Both the corpus studies and the experiment show no or almost no exceptions to metaphor-driven argument overtness. The strength of the effect contrasts with a complete lack of speaker awareness. We propose that metaphor-driven argument overtness - as well as the lack of speaker consciousness - is a universal phenomenon that can be given a general account in terms of human language processing.
Psychological Antecedents of Political Outcomes: Joint Developmental Trajectories of Mental Health Difficulties
Authors: Okolikj Martin , Girard Lisa-Christine
Published: December 2023

Little is known about the link between childhood and adolescent mental health (MH) difficulties and political outcomes in adulthood. This represents an important knowledge gap in understanding early individual-level factors for future political outcomes. Using the Growing up in Ireland cohort, following 8,568 children from nine to 20 years, we examine how different MH difficulties, and co-occurrence, are associated with various political outcomes. The results show childhood/adolescent MH difficulties are important predictors of political outcomes at age 20. Adolescents with chronic co-occurring MH difficulties starting in childhood report a lower interest in politics, lower trust in politicians, are less likely to register to vote, and if voting, are more likely to vote for an anti-establishment party. Adolescents with chronic emotional MH difficulties starting in childhood report a higher likelihood of voting for an anti-establishment party, but also show a higher probability of political activism and low external political efficacy.
Information Processing in Participatory Governance
Authors: Berliner Daniel
Published: December 2023

Participatory governance institutions often aim to yield information useful to policymakers, whether about public preferences, problems, solutions, or perspectives. But how can large numbers of public contributions be processed into interpretable and actionable information outputs? As theorists and practitioners increasingly call for participatory governance to operate at larger scales, often enabled by new technologies, this challenge only becomes more important. Building on research across political theory, public administration, and political science, this paper develops and illustrates three claims: First, that information processing plays an essential and under-appreciated role in participatory governance. Second, that there are distinct types of information processing, best characterised by two dimensions of specificity and novelty. And third, that these types differ in their costs, in the extent to which they can be delegated to non-experts or to automation, and in their potential consequences for unrepresentative participation. Better recognising these differences will help both researchers and practitioners better understand the potential and the limitations of participatory governance institutions in different settings and with different goals.
Conservatism, the Far-Right, and the Environment
Authors: Bryant Jesse Callahan , Farrell Justin
Published: December 2023

Sociology operates with an impoverished understanding of conservatism and the natural environment. The discipline’s focus on anti-regulatory and anti-science dimensions of conservative politics can obscure a more comprehensive, historically deep, and theoretically rich understanding of conservatism’s connection to nature. We review and integrate sociological research with a large multi-disciplinary global literature on conservative and far right environmental thought. Our analysis shows an intellectual tradition built around three commitments concerning the moral order of nature and society: (a) Naturalism, (b) Organicism, (c) Pastoralism. Rather than anti-scientific, these traditions have drawn heavily on natural science for their authority. After tracing their history, we consider several contemporary manifestations, sometimes in ways that are counterintuitive to sociology’s dominant understanding of conservatism. Conservative thought, including its far right edges, maintains a firm hold on global politics while climate change transforms the planet. To better understand these dynamics, sociology must continue to integrate work from other socio-environmental fields. This review begins to correct this neglect and charts a path for future research at this increasingly impactful intersection.
Better Late Than Never? SOGI Asylum Claims and 'Late Disclosure' Through a Foucauldian Lens
Authors: Ferreira Nuno
Published: December 2023

Members of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) minorities escaping persecution may apply for asylum or bring up their SOGI in asylum procedures later than expected by authorities for a variety of reasons, including fear, shame, and ignorance. Using a Foucauldian lens—in particular the notions of power and confession—this Article assesses how such instances of so-called late disclosure are regulated and treated by statutes, policy guidance, and case law, with a focus on the European context. The Article also considers in detail claimants’ experiences with late disclosures, and the views of both claimants and several other actors in the asylum system on this matter. The analysis concentrates on an extensive body of secondary data (including international, European, and domestic case law, policy documents, NGO reports, case files, etc.) as well as of primary data collected in Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom (UK) at European Union (EU) and Council of Europe levels. The primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews and online surveys with a range of stakeholders, focus groups with SOGI asylum claimants and refugees, observations of asylum appeals, and Freedom of Information requests. The Article thus offers an empirically and theoretically informed critique of late disclosures in SOGI asylum claims in Europe and puts forward recommendations to ameliorate the fear and injustice experienced by SOGI refugees while navigating an asylum system that is stacked against them in so many respects.
Assessment of visitor perceptions and economic valuation of Tengket Beach attractions
Authors: Fauziyah Elys , Lestari Fany Etana
Published: December 2023

Tengket Beach has an unspoiled beauty, with stretches of fine white sand as the main visitor attraction. However, the village government and surrounding communities have not been interested in managing this potential. Therefore, this study aimed to determine visitor perceptions, the factors influencing the number of visits, and Tengket Beach tourism’s economic value. Samples were determined using the linear time function formula. The data collected were further analyzed by descriptive qualitative, multiple linear regression, and travel cost methods. The results showed that Tengket Beach is perceived as unattractive based on its accessibility and facilities. Based on accessibility indicators, 96.7% of visitors stated that Tengket Beach was not feasible. Meanwhile, based on facility criteria, only 20% of visitors stated that the place had good facilities. Other findings show that most visitors explained that the beach is quite interesting regarding its attractiveness. The results also showed that travel costs negatively affect visits, while accessibility and facilities have a positive effect. Additionally, the economic value of the beach is IDR5,890,560,000 per year. This is an indicator that Tengket Beach has the potential to be used as an economic resource for the surrounding community.JEL Classification C26; I26; Q51
Artificial intelligence and socioeconomic perspective in Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Iwan , Hakim Lukman
Published: December 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has begun to penetrate various social and economic activities in Indonesia. During the pandemic, social distancing activities were able to accelerate the application of AI, and promptly became a safety valve and economic driver in various sector. However, attention to AI implementation opens up space for intensive discourse. AI as a technological element also has social and economic impacts, especially social, economic and political inequality. In the midst of obtaining positive economic benefits, innovation excellence and efficiency, AI in Indonesia still faces problems with agricultural workforce (38.7 million people), ethical and legal aspects, and organizational culture. Solutions from a social and economic perspective anticipating AI include (i) affirmative policies aimed at empowering and increasing the productivity of agricultural workers, (ii) collaboration between IT experts and business practitioners, social science experts and legal practitioners to ensure AI works within a safety and legality framework; and (iii) building an organizational culture in business and public sector management to run a business that meets sustainability principles.JEL Classification J00; K20; O38
V. Shalamov’s ‘Cherry Brandy:’ First overseas editions
Authors: Egorova L. V.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the history of the overseas publication of Shalamov’s short story ‘Cherry Brandy.’ The first edition appeared in Roman Gul’s NewYork-based journal Noviy Zhurnal, vol. 91 in 1968. In the period from 1966 to 1976, when fifty of Shalamov’s stories were published by Gul, the latter felt unconstrained as their sole editor. The author details Gul’s editing method that reveals the goal to ensure that the text appears smooth and adheres to the narrative tradition of realism — a style very much at odds with Shalamov’s ‘new prose.’ Gul failed to appreciate Shalamov’s structuring of text and his mastery of composition — in short, he did not see it for what it was: a poet’s prose. Mikhail Geller, then working in London, realized how big a blow it was to Shalamov to see his short stories published in a random, unsystematic manner. In 1978, Geller oversaw the publication of Kolyma Tales [Kolymskie rasskazy] by OPI and supplied his foreword to the book, in which he offered an accurate characteristic of Shalamov’s creative method. Comparison of several editions of the short story collection (Gul’s, Geller’s, and later Shalamov’s Collected works) cannot but convince of the importance of addressing the persistent textological issues of Kolyma Tales.
Shakespeare’s reflective genre. On reflection involved in the staging of culture
Authors: Shaytanov I. O.
Published: December 2023

The opposition of two terms, tradition vs reflection, is laid at the foundation of the construct which is often accepted now as a representation of world culture in the process of its staging. ‘Tradition’ stands for the collective mind and the ritual/norm, while ‘reflection’ covers the growth of the individual talent liberating itself from the normative authority of generic and other prescriptions. The borderline — beyond which the power of genre with its rules, rigidly established in the classical poetics, visibly loses its prescriptive power and individual talent takes over — is usually located somewhere between the late Renaissance and the early romantic era. Among the generic forms thatrepresent a new reflective genre, S. Averintsev reckons the novel by Cervantes, Shakespeare’s tragedies, Montaigne’s essays, Pascal’s intellectual prose... In the present article, the renaissance sonnet is added to this list due to the role it played in ‘the origin of the modern mind’ (P. Oppenheimer) and its three hundred years of domination in European lyric poetry. The sonnet, with special attention given to Shakespeare’s sequence, is analyzed after a model elaborated by M. Bakhtin for the novel and by Y. Tynyanov for the Russian ode.
The Ural school of poetry: An outsider’s view
Authors: Batalov S. A.
Published: December 2023

The article considers the phenomenon of the Ural school of poetry, an umbrella term for verses written by Ural-based poets active in the 1990s–2000s. The author examines legitimacy of the term itself. Contemporary critics’ opinion is still divided about the existence of such a school, as the term ‘Ural school of poetry’ (or USP) may refer to both poets included in Ural regional anthologies as well as Ural-specific poetics. The study proceeds to enumerate key figures defining USP and to explore the school’s characteristic features and historical development. Citing reviews by modern critics of poetry, who at one point or another analyzed the phenomenon of USP, Batalov focuses on clearing up contentious issues. For example, whether B. Ryzhy is a USP poet (it is argued that he is not, as he saw the outside world and the city — the ‘fairytale Sverdlovsk’ — as the embodiment of a cruel paradise on earth, whereas other Ural poets portrayed the city as the realm of death); whether the school’s method has a future and whether USP has any influence on modern poetry in general.
History of Russian translations of fiction in 1800–1825
Authors: Shaytanov I. O.
Published: December 2023

The research is presented in the form close to a fundamentally annotated bibliography demonstrating how European literary experience was advanced in the first quarter of the 19th c. in Russia at the time when contemporary Russian literature was being shaped. Six parts are devoted successively to French, German, English, Italian, Spanish, and classical literatures. The major aspects of research are outlined in an extensive foreword (E. Dmitrieva, M. Koreneva). Highlights include: Comparative analysis of the international contacts of Russian literature; a new interest in the novel, the genre that manifested a new literary taste; publishing and the audience in Russia compared to other European cultures; the birth of literary criticism on the margins of rhetoric; the evolution of a literary taste where gallomania was being substituted by anglo- and germanophilia; the change in the forms of contacts from imitation to stylization in accordance with the formula suggested by Konstantin Batyushkov ‘The stranger’s treasure is mine.’
‘Dreiser’s way:’ A modern take on the writer’s legacy
Authors: Polovinkina O. I.
Published: December 2023

The review argues that the coauthored monograph addresses a major gap in modern studies of American literature. I. Morozova managed to bring together an international team of scholars, including specialists in Dreiser’s oeuvre. The book features several modern schools of thought. Dreiser’s image as a critic of American society is revised to highlight his portrayal of racial domination, segregation, and the ‘black’ and ‘white’ essence in his novels. The poetics of Dreiser’s prose is analyzed from the viewpoints of feminist criticism and urbanist poetics. The comparative approach allows for an accurate depiction of the uniquely American version of dandyism and helps to explain how the plot and imagery of An American Tragedy transcend various media. A study of the history of Dreiser’s publications in the USSR and a post-Soviet Russia shows the creation and subsequent dismantling of the Soviet ‘Dreiser’s canon.’ The book closes with two new translations.
Aleksandr Livergant. Agatha Christie: The witness for the prosecution
Authors: Markova M. V.
Published: December 2023

The review considers the first Russian biography of Agatha Christie authored by A. Livergant. Opening with a prologue that reconstructs the events preceding the writer’s famous disappearance, the biography combines a wealth of facts with good artistic quality. That it should be rich in facts is required by the book’s genre, but the biography’s very structure, which resembles a work of fiction, with its prologue, thirteen chapters and ‘In place of an epilogue,’ conveys the idea of the inseparability of life from writing. Since Christie drew inspiration for her mysteries from journeys and her own life’s events, the structure seems particularly appropriate. Moreover, it offers a principally new optics for the examination of the writer’s legacy: something more than works of a gifted artisan of the genre, Christie’s texts are a product of a specific context made up by historical and cultural developments as well as other works of fiction, of which many have been translated by Livergant or examined in his other biographies
Characters in V. Shalamov’s sketch ‘Aleksandr Konstantinovich Voronsky’ and their fate traced in the archive of the literary critic F. Levin
Authors: Levchenko T. V.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to detailed analysis of V. Shalamov’s sketch ‘Aleksandr Konstantinovich Voronsky’ and Voronsky’s own book In Search of Living and Dead Water [Za zhivoy i myortvoy vodoy] (1970). This book owes its publication to the literary critic F. Levin. Levchenko’s article follows the fates of Voronsky, Levin, and Shalamov, as well as their close friends and acquaintances who fell victims to the 1930s’ Great Terror and whose names were for years expunged from the history of Soviet literature. Their destinies appear to be closely connected: arrested and executed in 1937, Voronsky was Shalamov’s ideal of a Marxist, writer, and human being; Shalamov met the late writer’s daughter in Kolyma. Galina Voronskaya devoted her life to the study and preservation of her father’s archive. Shalamov completed a sketch story about Voronsky’s literary career in 1958. Its publication, as well as the printing of Voronsky’s autobiographical novellas, took place thanks to F. Levin’s enthusiastic cooperation. In 2019, the book was published in a version that conforms to the author’s original concept and that Voronskaya, Shalamov, and Levin wished to see published in the Soviet Union some fifty years before.
MODE AND CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF THUNDERSTORMS IN ODESA REGION
Authors: Семергей-Чумаченко А.Б.  , Жук Д.О.  , Візнюк Р.О.
Published: December 2023

Active thunderstorm activity is dangerous for various sectors of the economy, and especially for aviation flights. The study determined the modern spatio-temporal distribution of thunderstorm activity at meteorological stations of the Odesa region for 2005–2022, as well as the circulation and thermodynamic conditions of thunderstorm formation. Revealed that thunderstorm activity in 2005-2022 at the stations of Odesa region was less active compared to 1961-1990, but the geographic distribution of the intensity of thunderstorm formation did not change. Almost all thunderstorms formed from April to October. The maximum annual variation over the entire region occurred in June, the minimum in January. May and June 2013 and June 2021 were marked by the most active thunderstorm formation. Exposed that in 2018-2022 intra-mass thunderstorms and thunderstorms on the main cold fronts formed more often over Odesa. Most often, before the storm in the Whiting and Total Totals indices reached critical criteria.
Квантово-фармакологічні аспекти дослідження серцево-судинних лікарських засобів
Authors: Zagorodnyy M. I. , Nebesna T. Yu. , Kazakova O. O. , Gorchakova N. O. , Svintsichiky A. S. , Chekman I. S.
Published: December 2023

Квантова фармакологія дозволяє вивчати механізми дії серцево-судинних засобів, встановити прогноз фармакологічної активності з виявленням найбільш вираженої фармакодинамічної ефективності та лікувальної активності нових сполук. Розрахунок квантово-фармакологічних параметрів молекул β-адреноблокаторів (пропранолол, атенолол, метопролол, карведилол) у водному середовищі, дослідження гідрофобної взаємодії з рецепторами дозволять створити теоретичну базу для розробки нових поколінь більш ефективних та безпечних лікарських засобів і підвищення ефективності лікування артеріальної гіпертензії. Підвищена гідрофобність зумовлює слабку розчинність карведилолу у воді та високу в ліпідах. У клінічній фармакології даного препарату це позначається на таких показниках, як терапевтична доза, період напіввиведення та ступінь метаболізму в печінці. Завдяки підсиленій взаємодії з адренорецептором ефективна доза карведилолу на порядок нижча, ніж інших β-адреноблокаторів, навіть з урахуванням досить низької біодоступності. Зниження біодоступності карведилолу порівняно з атенололом, метопрололом та пропранололом зумовлене підвищеним рівнем метаболізму при першому проходженні через печінку, що також пов’язано з гідрофобністю препарату. Висока розчинність в ліпідах впливає на подовження періоду напіввиведення карведилолу. QSAR-дослідження роблять вагомий внесок у вивчення властивостей хімічних сполук та їх фармакологічної активності. Значну роль відіграє програмне забезпечення, за допомогою якого можна встановити досліджувані властивості. Велика кількість дескрипторів дозволяє провести якісну та кількісну оцінку молекул хімічних сполук і передбачити їх властивості.
Особливості розвитку проатерогенних порушень у жінок з різним репродуктивним статусом
Authors: Spasonova L. G. , Dmytruk S. M. , Medvedeva I. M. , Dmytruk S. A.
Published: December 2023

Вивчали поширення і структуру дисліпідемій, концентрацію С-реактивного білка в сироватці крові та деяких показників гормонального фону у жінок з кардіалгіями у репродуктивному віці, у пери- та постменопаузі. Для осіб з окремим репродуктивним статусом встановлено особливості розвитку проатерогенних порушень, пов’язані з переважаючими типами дисліпідемій, ступенем вираженості хронічного запалення і деякими показниками гормонального фону.
Клініко-неврологічні особливості розвитку ішемічного інсульту у хворих з фібриляцією передсердь
Authors: Murashko N. K. , Shklyaeva O. P.
Published: December 2023

Наведено результати дослідження особливостей клінічного перебігу ішемічного інсульту (ІІ) у хворих з фібриляцією передсердь (ФП). Клініко-неврологічні особливості розвитку ІІ у хворих з ФП характеризуються порушенням центральної гемодинаміки, більш вираженим неврологічним дефіцитом, високою летальністю. Нейровізуалізаційні прояви ІІ у хворих з ФП схожі з такими в групі без аритмії (Р > 0,05). Локалізація ішемічного вогнища в обох групах частіша в басейні лівої середньої мозкової артерії. Достовірної різниці в рівні середнього систолічного і діастолічного артеріального тиску між групами не виявлено (Р > 0,05). У більшості хворих з кардіоемболічним інсультом була постійна форма ФП (86,4 %).
Зміни в хребцевих артеріях у хворих на задньоциркулярний ішемічний інсульт за результатами дуплексного сканування
Authors: Myhaloyko О. Ya. , Gerasymchuk R. D.
Published: December 2023

При дуплексному скануванні судин шиї у 120 хворих на ішемічний задньоциркулярний інсульт виявлено зміни в хребцевих артеріях (68,3 %), які утруднюють кровоток у судинах вертебро-базилярного басейну. Серед них найчастіше відмічали атеросклеро-тичний стеноз (53,3 %), деформацію (17,5 %) та аномальне відходження хребцевих артерій (3,3 %).
Прогностичне значення акцентованої експресії CD158a рецептора на NK-лімфоцитах у пацієнток з репродуктивними втратами
Authors: Dons’koi B. V. , Chernyshov V. P. , Sudoma I. O. , Goncharova Ya. O. , Osypchuk D. V.
Published: December 2023

Система NК-лімфоцитів критична для процесів імплантації та відіграє важливу роль в інвазії трофобласту та видозміні спіральних артерій. Цитотоксична активність NК-лімфоцитів регулюється експресією активуючих та інгібуючих рецепторів на поверхні клітини. Значення експресії KIR на NК суперечливе і дискусійне. Раніше нами виявлено підвищення середнього рівня експресії KIR СD158a на NК-лімфоцитах у пацієнток, які не завагітніли після процедури IVF, порівняно з тими, хто завагітнів. Для більш детального вивчення цієї проблеми ми провели додаткове дослідження, що збільшило клінічну групу до 91 пацієнтки, та більш ретельний і різносторонній статистичний аналіз даних. В результаті виявлено, що середні значення рівня експресії СD158a на NК-лімфоцитах у пацієнток, які не завагітніли в даному циклі IVF, були достовірно вищі, ніж у пацієнток, які завагітніли , що підтверджує отримані нами раніше результати. Разом з тим рівень експресії СD158a на NК у пацієнток, у яких вагітність перебігала нормально, збігалися з такими у пацієнток, у яких вагітність не настала методом IVF. У жінок, у яких імплантація відбулася, але вагітність була втрачена, рівень експресії СD158a на NК був достовірно нижчим, ніж в інших групах. Це призвело до статистично достовірного хибного висновку підвищення СD158a на NК у жінок з неуспіхом IVF. Методом розподілу даних в клінічних групах встановлено, що зниження рівня експресії СD158a на NК має негативне прогностичне значення для успіху IVF, особливо для перебігу вагітності (OR 13,75). Підвищення СD158a на NК не мало прогностичного значення для перебігу вагітності, проте було достовірно прогностично значущим для відсутності імплантації після IVF (OR 5,45 ). Нормальна (не півищена і не знижена) експресія СD158a на NК була статистично значущим позитивним прогностичним фактором імплантації та перебігу вагітності (OR 2,72 та OR 6,9). Одночасне насиченняклінічної групи з IVF невдачами жінками з підвищеним та зниженим рівнем експресії СD158a на NК-лімфоцитах призводило до подібності середніх значень з такими у пацієнток, у яких не було репродуктивних втрат. Нами показано, що аналіз середніх значень в групах некоректний і призводить до помилкових висновків. Важливим фактором, що дозволив проаналізувати фізіологічне значення KIR експресії на NK-лімфоцитах, була схема дослідження – підбір клінічних груп та метод аналізу отриманих результатів. Показано, що саме нормальна, «неакцентуйована», збалансована експресія СD158a на NК-лімфоцитах необхідна для нормального репродуктивного процесу.
Лапароскопия в лечении осложнённых форм острого холецистита
Authors: Abu Shamsieh R. N.
Published: December 2023

Проведено аналіз результатів лікування 157 хворих 19–88 років з ускладненою формою гострого холециститу. На першому етапі 34 хворим з деструктивним холециститом і механічною жовтяницею, а також 4 з деструктивним панкреатитом виконані ендоскопічна ретроградна холангіопанкреатографія, папілосфінктеротомія і літоекстракція. У 33 випадках проведено черезшкірне черезпечінкове дренування жовчного міхура. Всі хворі прооперовані лапароскопічним методом. У 34 хворих під час операції виявлений пухкий, у 37 – щільний перивезикальний інфільтрат. Зроблено висновок щодо пріоритетності мініінвазивного втручання при ускладненій формі жовчнокам'яної хвороби і гострому холециститі.
Особенности групповой психопрофилактики и психокоррекции пивной зависимости у подростков
Authors: Poberezhna N. V.
Published: December 2023

Наведено основні принципи та методи психопрофілактичного та корекційного підходу до підлітків з пивною залежністю групової психопрофілікти.
Comparison of lumbar microdiscectomy and unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy outcomes: a single-center experience
Authors: Özer Mehmet İlker , Demirtaş Oğuz Kağan
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

Lumbar microdiscectomy (LMD) is still the gold-standard treatment for lumbar disc herniations with progressive neurological deficits that are refractory to conservative treatment. With improvement of endoscopic systems in recent years, endoscopic discectomy techniques have been developed as an alternative to LMD. The unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy (UBE) technique is one of these endoscopic techniques, and its popularity has increased in recent years because it does not require high-cost specialized endoscopes, many microsurgical instruments are compatible with this system, and it is similar to LMD in terms of anatomical orientation. This study compared results between LMD and UBE techniques in patients with lumbar disc herniations performed by the same spine surgeons at a single center.

METHODS

The data of patients with lumbar disc herniation who were operated on with LMD and UBE techniques were retrospectively reviewed. The data obtained were statistically evaluated. The operative video of one of the patients who underwent UBE was edited for demonstration.

RESULTS

Between January 2021 and June 2022, 93 patients were operated on for lumbar disc herniation. LMD was performed in 39 patients, and UBE was performed in 54 patients. There were no significant differences in the complications, recurrence, postoperative back and leg pain, patient satisfaction rates, and quality of life index results of the patients in the two groups. The operation time was shorter in the LMD group. In the UBE group, estimated blood loss was lower and postoperative hospitalization was shorter.

CONCLUSIONS

Although LMD is still the gold-standard treatment for lumbar disc herniation, the results of UBE are comparable to those of LMD, and it may be a good alternative for spine surgeons who prefer minimally invasive surgery.
Neurosurgery trainee well-being in a pediatric neurosurgery hospital: baseline data to motivate toward implementing change
Authors: Shahin Maryam N. , Horak V. Jane , Kemeny Hanna , Youngblood Mark W. , Lam Sandi K. , Raskin Jeffrey S.
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to obtain aggregated baseline pediatric neurosurgery well-being data at a tertiary care institution.

METHODS

An institutional grant funded the completion of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) by 100% (n = 13) of the trainees during a 1-year period, including 1 pediatric neurosurgery fellow and 12 residents from 4 regional neurosurgery training programs. Aggregated and anonymized group results included frequency scores ranging from 0 (never) to 6 (every day). The mean ± SD group scores were compared to the general population of > 11,000 people in the human services professions. Burnout profiles were calculated on the basis of MBI scale scores by using established comparisons to standardized normal values. Burnout profile types include engaged, ineffective, overextended, disengaged, and burnout.

RESULTS

The mean ± SD score for emotional exhaustion was 2.6 ± 1.1 for trainees compared with 2.3 ± 1.2 in the comparison population. The mean ± SD score for depersonalization was 1.6 ± 1 compared with 1.7 ± 1.2 in the comparison population. The mean ± SD score for personal accomplishment was 4.9 ± 0.7 compared with 4.3 ± 0.9 in the comparison population. Profiles were classified as engaged (n = 6), ineffective (n = 3), overextended (n = 3), and burnout (n = 1).

CONCLUSIONS

Problematic profiles were present for more than half (7 [53.8%]) of pediatric neurosurgery trainees who cited higher emotional exhaustion than the general population of healthcare providers. Trainees scored lower in depersonalization and higher in personal accomplishment compared with the general population, which are both protective against burnout. Targeting factors that contribute to emotional exhaustion may have an impact on improving the overall well-being of pediatric neurosurgery trainees.
Improving sentiment analysis on PeduliLindungi comments: a comparative study with CNN-Word2Vec and integrated negation handling
Authors: Jayadianti Herlina , Arianti Berliana Andra , Cahyana Nur Heri , Saifullah Shoffan , Dreżewski Rafał
Published: December 2023

This study investigates sentiment analysis in Google Play reviews of the PeduliLindungi application, focusing on the integration of negation handling into text preprocessing and comparing the effectiveness of two prominent methods: CNN-Word2Vec CBOW and CNN-Word2Vec SkipGram. Through a meticulous methodology, negation handling is incorporated into the preprocessing phase to enhance sentiment analysis. The results demonstrate a noteworthy improvement in accuracy for both methods with the inclusion of negation handling, with CNN-Word2Vec SkipGram emerging as the superior performer, achieving an impressive 76.2% accuracy rate. Leveraging a dataset comprising 13,567 comments, this research introduces a novel approach by emphasizing the significance of negation handling in sentiment analysis. The study not only contributes valuable insights into the optimization of sentiment analysis processes but also provides practical considerations for refining methodologies, particularly in the context of mobile application reviews.
The perceptions of the youth generation regarding the 'Buya Hamka' movie
Authors: Taufiqqurahman Guntur Bayu , Fadillah Dani , Afifah Wiwiek
Published: December 2023

This study endeavors to assess and determine the perceptions of the Muhammadiyah youth cohort in the specified Yogyakarta region regarding the movie "Buya Hamka." The rationale behind this research lies in acknowledging film not solely as a source of entertainment but also as a vehicle for imparting knowledge. Buya Hamka, being an eminent national figure, merits emulation by contemporary Indonesians, particularly due to his sacrificial endeavors and unwavering dedication to the nation. Furthermore, as a Muhammadiyah luminary originating from West Sumatra, the youth within the Muhammadiyah movement should be encouraged to draw inspiration from his struggles. Employing a quantitative methodology, this research entails the distribution of questionnaires to respondents belonging to the Muhammadiyah youth cohort in the specific Yogyakarta region. These questionnaires encompass various inquiries designed to gauge their perceptions regarding the Buya Hamka film. The collected data is subsequently processed using the SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science) application. Through the analysis of this processed data, the researchers have elucidated the viewpoints of the Muhammadiyah youth generation toward the film "Buya Hamka". The findings of this investigation underscore a correlation between the aspirations of the younger demographic for experiencing high-caliber content centered on inspirational narratives derived from national figures. This correlation is directly evident in their viewing patterns, as inferred from the SPSS data analysis articulated in the study. It demonstrates a discernible awareness among the younger generation regarding films that depict the inspiring stories of national figures, reflected in their viewing habits and the subsequent impact on those who feel inspired after watching the film, especially when the theme revolves around Buya Hamka's struggle.
Hibridez y fractalidad: rasgos posmodernos en la literatura de Alberto Chimal
Authors: Gallegos Rivera Juan Carlos
Published: December 2023

La hibridez y la fractalidad son dos características posmodernas presentes en algunas obras de Alberto Chimal. Aparecen en buena medida en sus libros de minificción, aunque también en ocasiones en obras narrativas suyas de mayor extensión. Los textos híbridos no minificcionales de Chimal en ocasiones recurren a otros géneros literarios para tomarlos como base (discursiva, temática), sin embargo, en el caso de sus minificciones es más frecuente la integración y fusión de diversos géneros discursivos extraliterarios, lo cual dota a éstos de una “función literaria”. En cuanto a la fractalidad, esta permite organizar conjuntos de textos, los cuales surgen a partir de variaciones de un concepto, estructura, diégesis o tema, para crear un sentído global de lectura a partir de la suma de sentidos de cada una de los elementos de la serie.
Hubungan Kadar Magnesium dengan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia di Posyandu Lansia
Authors: Aufa Muna , Kustiningsih Yayuk , Nurlailah Nurlailah , Anton Cahyono Jujuk
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan kadar magnesium dengan tekanan darah pada lansia di posyandu lansia Puskesmas Sungai Ulin. Penelitian ini bersifat survei analitik dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Pemeriksaan kadar magnesium menggunakan metode colorimetric test. Hasil rata-rata pemeriksaan kadar magnesium adalah 1,59 mg/dL dengan nilai normal kadar magnesium adalah 1,6-3,0 mg/dL, sedangkan hasil pengukuran rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik adalah 142 mmHg dengan nilai normal 90-119 mmHg, dan rata-rata tekanan darah diastolik adalah 90 mmHg dengan nilai normal 60-79 mmHg. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman diketahui nilai signifikansi antara kadar magnesium dengan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik adalah (p)=0,000 dan 0,005 dengan kekuatan hubungan (r)= -0,644 dan -0,455. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan signifikan antara kadar magnesium dengan tekanan darah sistolik (p=0,000) dan diastolik (p=0,005) pada lansia di posyandu lansia Puskesmas Sungai Ulin. Peningkatan kadar magnesium diikuti dengan penurunan tekanan darah, dan sebaliknya penurunan kadar magnesium diikuti dengan peningkan tekanan darah.
Hubungan Konsumsi Harian Rokok Terhadap Antibodi IgG S1RBD Pasca Vaksinasi COVID-19 pada Civitas Akademik
Authors: Putri Amalia , Norsiah Wahdah , Herlina Tini Elyn , H. Haitami  , Rakhmina Dinna
Published: December 2023

Vaksinasi dinilai sebagai cara paling efektif untuk penanganan pandemi akibat COVID-19. Vaksinasi memiliki efek yang berbeda pada tiap individu. Kandungan nikotin dalam rokok diduga menghambat aktivasi kekebalan bawaan dan adaptif, sehingga mempengaruhi pembentukan antibodi yang diinduksi dari vaksinasi.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya hubungan konsumsi harian rokok seseorang dengan kadar antibodi IgG S1RBD. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei analitik dengan metode cross sectional study pada civitas akademik yang memiliki kebiasaan merokok. Hasil penelitian dari 28 responden didapatkan kadar rata-rata antibodi IgG S1RBD pada responden dengan konsumsi harian rokok 1-10 batang/ hari sebesar 255,59 IU/mL, 11-20 batang/ hari sebesar 173,15 IU/mL, lebih dari 20 batang/hari sebesar 143,79 IU/mL, dan pada non perokok sebesar 279,21 IU/mL. Uji statistik menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,000 sehingga disimpulkan semakin tinggi konsumsi harian rokok seseorang maka semakin menurun antibodi IgG S1RBD dalam tubuhnya.
Hubungan Motivasi Berobat Gigi Dengan Keparahan Karies Pada Pengunjung Poli Gigi Di Puskesmas Daerah Banjarbaru
Authors: Bayani Rizky Nurul , Salamah Siti , Danan Danan , Kisworo Utami Naning
Published: December 2023

Hasil Riskesdas Tahun 2018 Kalimantan Selatan masyarakat menerima perawatan tenaga medis gigi umur 25-34 (12,19%) dan 35-44 (11,91%) kunjungan. Fakta yang terjadi 46,90% masyarakat Kalimantan Selatan memiliki masalah gigi rusak/berlubang/sakit. Data yang diperoleh dari laporan Puskesmas Sungai Besar Kota Banjarbaru bulan Agustus-Oktober tahun 2022, ditemukan jumlah kunjungan 938 orang didapat 173 kasus keparahan karies gigi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan motivasi berobat gigi dengan keparahan karies gigi pada pengunjung poli gigi di Puskesmas Sungai Besar Kota Banjarbaru. Jenis penelitian bersifat survei analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar memiliki motivasi berobat gigi positif dan memiliki keparahan karies gigi kategori buruk.
Perbandingan Nilai Laju Endap Darah Dengan Metode Automatik Dan Metode Westergren Pada Pasien Tuberkulosis
Authors: Putri Wulandari Rima , Muhlisin Ahmad , Norsiah Wahdah , Dewi Dwiyanti Ratih , Insana Aima
Published: December 2023

Pada pasien tuberkulosis terjadi peningkatan LED yang disebabkan oleh inflamasi yang menyebabkan eritrosit rouleaux mengendap dengan cepat sehingga nilai LED tinggi.Ada beberapa metode manual yang digunakan dalam pemeriksaan LED, salah satu metode manual yang dianjurkan oleh International Committee for Standardisation in Hematology (ICSH) adalah metode Westergren. Seiring perkembangan yang ada metode otomatis menjadi pemeriksaan LED yang digunakan untuk menghindari atau mengurangi resiko paparan petugas laboratorium terhadap kontaminasi agen infeksi dengan prinsip kerja memakai infrared yang memungkinkan membantu kecepatan pengendapan sel darah dengan waktu pemeriksaan 2 kali lebih cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perbandingan nilai laju endap darah dengan metode automatik dan metode westergren pada pasien tuberkulosis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan rancangan study komparatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh penderita tuberkulosis di Wilayah Puskesmas Cempaka yang berjumlah 36 orang. Hasil pemeriksaan LED pada pasien tuberkulosis dengan metode automatik memiliki rata-rata 36.97 mm/jam, pada metode westergren memiliki rata-rata 38.53 mm/jam. Berdasarkan uji T Dependent menunjukkan bahwa nilai p value 0.003 yang artinya terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara nilai laju endap darah dengan metode automatik dan metode westergren pada pasien tuberkulosis.
Perbedaan Potensial of Hydrogen Saliva Ibu Hamil Trimester I dan II di Puskesmas Kota Banjarbaru
Authors: Saputri Agus , Amperawati Metty , Nurwati Bunga , Astu Rahman Waljuni
Published: December 2023

Saliva sebagai perlindungan dalam rongga mulut, hal tersebut sangat mempengaruhi perubahan derajat keasaman, dan kebasaan, ibu hamil cenderung ingin mengonsumsi makanan manis untuk mengurangi rasa mual nya, hal ini menyebabkan suasana mulut ibu hamil menjadi asam, kebanyakan ibu hamil juga malas menyikat gigi dikarenakan memicu mual, kondisi ini akan menyebabkan penumpukan plak sehingga memperburuk kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pH saliva ibu hamil trimester I dan II di Puskesmas Sungai Besar Kota Banjarbaru. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan Survey Analitik dengan tekhnik Cross Sectional. Penelitian diambil secara Accidental Sampling dan didapatkan sampel 45 responden. Untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara variabel terikat dan bebas menggunakan program SPSS dengan uji Mann – whitney uji ini adalah alternatif dari uji Independent Sample t – Test. Hasil penelitian pH saliva pada ibu hamil trimester I, 18 orang sebesar sebesar 6,00 dan ibu hamil trimester II, 27 orang sebesar 6,04 uji statistic menggunakan Mann – Whiteney uji ini adalah alternatif dari uji Independent Sampel t - Test dengan Mann - Whitney di dapatkan hasil p (0,895) > α (0,05). Kesimpulannya tidak ada perbedaan pH saliva pada ibu hamil trimester I dan II di Puskesmas Sungai Besar. Saran untuk peneliti selanjutnya agar dapat memperhatikan faktor lain yang dapat mengetahui perbedaan pH saliva pada usia kehamilan.
Integrating Wireless Sensor Networks with Organic Polymers for Sustainable
Authors: Yumalin T.T. , Salikhov R.B. , Salikhov T.R.
Published: December 2023

Advancements in compact integrated circuit fabrication have significantly progressed, allowing for the integration of wireless transceivers, signal processing units, and sensors into a unified and compact unit. This technological breakthrough has paved the way for seamless interactions with the physical world, finding applications across various domains, including security, production management, and environmental monitoring. In this study, we delve into the intricate design aspects of a distributed sensor network, where each node operates within defined energy and communication constraints. The integration of prevailing wireless technologies, computational capabilities, and organic polymers into an innovative generation of intelligent devices represents a critical dimension of our exploration. This article meticulously examines the implementation of a wireless sensor network employing the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol. The incorporation of organic polymers as a sensing layer amplifies energy efficiency and enables selective sensitivity in diverse monitoring applications. A notable advantage is the rapid and cost-effective production of electronics using organic polymers, underlining their substantial potential. Furthermore, we emphasize flexible organic electronics, underpinned by the semiconducting and flexible properties inherent in organic materials, constituting a fundamental element of our technological paradigm. Key prerequisites for achieving optimal operational device performance are thoroughly discussed, encompassing achievements and technical challenges in the design and fabrication of next-generation devices, with a keen focus on product optimization.
Hierarchical a Fortiori Reasoning with Dimensions
Authors: van Woerkom Wijnand , Grossi Davide , Prakken Henry , Verheij Bart
Published: December 2023

In recent years, a model of a fortiori argumentation, developed to describe legal reasoning based on precedent, has been successfully applied in the field of artificial intelligence to improve interpretability of data-driven decision systems. In order to make this model more broadly applicable for this purpose, work has been done to expand the knowledge representation on the basis of which it functions, as the original model accommodates only binary propositional information. In particular, two separate expansions of the original model emerged; one which accounts for non-binary input information, and a second which accommodates hierarchically structured reasoning. In the present work we unify these expansions to a single model, incorporating both dimensional and hierarchical information.
Development of the Shipbuilding Industry of Ukraine in the Postwar Period (1946–1965)
Authors:   V. О. Sukhomlynskyi National University of Mykolaiv, Ukraine, Nefodov Dmytro
Published: December 2023

The article deals with development of the shipbuilding industry of Ukraine in the postwar period (1946–1965). The author determined that in the postwar period the reconstruction of the entire industrial structure was accomplished, the most important works at releasing the shipbuilding plants from their uncharacteristic functions were carried out, the specialization profile in building of watercrafts of different types was worked out, the watercraft typing, unification of master ship engines and supplementary mechanical devices, standardization and normalization of materials and equipment were developed. All that allowed each enterprise to make a speciality of multiple building of one or two types of ships. The problem of technical reconstruction of production also became of great importance in the postwar years. Increasing requirements for the ship technical characteristics caused radical changes in shipbuilding technology. The pace of reconstruction and development of the Ukrainian shipbuilding industry was largely determined by the replenishment of enterprises in the industry by qualified specialists. The author concludes that in the postwar period shipbuilding turned into a highly developed industry and became the most important part of the shipbuilding complex of the USSR. Ukrainian engineering and work force made a decisive contribution to the formation of the Soviet postwar fleet.