bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small-scale spontaneous dynamics in temperate beech stands as an importance driver for beetle species richness
Authors: Zumr Václav , Remeš Jiří , Nakládal Oto
Published: July 2022

Natural dynamics in forests play an important role in the lives of many species. In the landscape of managed forests, natural disturbances are reduced by management activities. This usually has a significant effect on insect diversity. The effect of small-scale natural dynamics of protected beech stands on the richness of saproxylic and non-saproxylic beetles was investigated. Sampling was carried out by using flight interception traps in the framework of comparing different developmental stages: optimum, disintegration, and growing up, each utilizing 10 samples. We recorded 290 species in total, of which 61% were saproxylic. The results showed that the highest species richness and thus abundance was in the disintegration stage. In each developmental stage, species variation was explained differently depending on the variable. Deadwood, microhabitats, and canopy openness were the main attributes in the later stages of development for saproxylic beetles. For non-saproxylics, variability was mostly explained by plant cover and canopy openness. Small-scale disturbances, undiminished by management activities, are an important element for biodiversity. They create more structurally diverse stands with a high supply of feeding and living habitats. In forestry practice, these conclusions can be imitated to the creation of small-scale silvicultural systems with active creation or retention of high stumps or lying logs.
Syringe purification with UPLC-MS/MS for detection of antibiotics in tea garden soil after long-term application of manure
Authors: Zheng Binyu , Song Ningying , Wu Huizhen , Tong Jianying , Sun Nabo
Published: July 2022

The residue of antibiotics in the soil is becoming more and more common, which may affect the normal growth of plants and organisms.
Synchrotron PXRD deconvolutes nickel particle and support changes in Ni/ZrO2methanation catalysts
Authors: Schulte Mariam L. , Weber Sebastian , Klag Linda , Grunwaldt Jan-Dierk , Sheppard Thomas L.
Published: July 2022

Operandosynchrotron powder X-ray diffraction deconvolutes support and metal nanoparticle changes during thermal deactivation of Ni/ZrO2methanation catalysts.
PO-containing dibenzopentaarenes: facile synthesis, structures and optoelectronic properties
Authors: Yuan Liuzhong , Liu Yujia , Sun Wenting , Ye Kaiqi , Dou Chuandong , Wang Yue
Published: July 2022

Two PO-containing dibenzopentaarene isomers were synthesized and their structures and properties were studied in detail, along with those of dibenzopentaarenes containing Si- and B-heterocycles.
Diel mercury concentration variations in a mercury-impacted stream
Authors: Brooks Scott C. , Riscassi Ami L. , Miller Carrie L. , Lowe Kenneth A. , Yin Xiangping , Mehlhorn Tonia L.
Published: July 2022

Diel patterns in mercury and methylmercury concentration were studied at several distinct locations (downstream forested, midstream urban/suburban, upstream industrial) along a mercury-contaminated creek in summer and winter.
Single and combined nanotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles and graphene quantum dots against the microalgaHeterosigma akashiwo
Authors: Wang Jiayin , Zhu Xiaolin , Tan Liju , Zhao Ting , Ni Ziqi , Zhang Na , Wang Jiangtao
Published: July 2022

Different effects of single or combined nanoparticle (nZnO and GQDs) exposure onHeterosigma akashiwoalgae were found.
Synchrotron radiation-based analysis of interactions at the nano–bio interface
Authors: Hameed Saima , Baimanov Didar , Li Xiumin , Liu Ke , Wang Liming
Published: July 2022

This review highlights the importance and advantages of synchrotron radiation (SR)-based techniques for revealing the interactions at the nano–bio interface.
NOM-assisted, amyloid-enriched, hierarchical self-assembled nanostructures of maghemite nanoparticles and their plastic deformation: role of magnetic fields, Pb2+, and biomolecular conformations
Authors: Xu Qijing , Dong Hui , Wang Zhenquan , Su Bo , Zhang Di , Pradhan Nihar R. , Ghosh Saikat , Pan Bo , Xing Baoshan
Published: July 2022

We report, NOM-assisted, amyloid-scaffold-controlled self-assembly of maghemite NPs in the presence and absence of an external magnetic field, and plastic deformation of the colloidal crystals upon entrapment of heavy metal ions.
Predictive design of ordered mesoporous silica with well-defined, ultra-large mesopores
Authors: Vogler Charlotte , Naumann Stefan , Bruckner Johanna R.
Published: July 2022

Tailor-made PPOn/2–PEOm–PPOn/2 polyethers are used to prepare ordered mesoporous silica materials with rationally addressable pore diameters between 4.5 and 21.5 nm.
Thermotropic chirality enhancement of nanoparticles constructed from foldamer/bis(amino acid) complexes
Authors: Qiu Yuan , Cao Shuang , Sun Chenchen , Jiang Qian , Xie Chongmo , Wang Hong , Liao Yonggui , Xie Xiaolin
Published: July 2022

Herein, chiral nanoparticles are constructed by mixing an artificial foldamer bearing aza-18-crown-6 pendants with l-homocystine perchlorate salt, showing a thermotropic chirality enhancement due to the binding mode changes in the heating process.
Effect of potential difference between the central and terminal metals on the electron communication in an Fe–Ru–Fe cyanidometal-bridged mixed valence system
Authors: Yang Yu-Ying , Zhu Xiao-Quan , Wang Yong , Wu Xin-Tao , Sheng Tian-Lu
Published: July 2022

In the Fe–Ru–Fe mixed valence system, the change of the donor and accepter can affect potential difference (energy difference) between bridge and terminal redox centers. This change has an effect on the electron communication.
Pyridine-based benzoquinone derivatives as organic cathode materials for sodium ion batteries
Authors: Li Xiaoxue , Jia Kangkang , Zhang Jingwei , Liu Xiaorui , Li Lu , Zhu Linna , Wu Fei
Published: July 2022

2,5-Bis(p-benzoquinonyl) pyridine (QPQ-2) was developed as the cathode for sodium-ion batteries.
Using a two-step method of surface mechanical attrition treatment and calcium ion implantation to promote the osteogenic activity of mesenchymal stem cells as well as biomineralization on a β-titanium surface
Authors: Huang Run , Hao Yufei , Pan Yusong , Pan Chengling , Tang Xiaolong , Huang Lei , Du Chao , Yue Rui , Cui Diansheng
Published: July 2022

Combination of the SMAT technique and Ca-ion implantation produced a β-titanium alloy with a bioactive surface layer, which was proved to effectively promote the osteogenic activity of MSCs and Ca–P mineral deposition in vitro.
Misorientations across boundary planes in a sintered NdFeB permanent magnet
Authors: Yuan Xiaokun , Zhu Jie
Published: July 2022

Misorientation angle statistics for the specimen, with a red line for Nd2Fe14B/Nd2Fe14B grain boundaries, blue line for Nd2Fe14B/Nd-Rich phase boundaries, and black line for the randomly oriented case.
Enhancing the quantum yield of singlet oxygen: photocatalytic degradation of mustard gas simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide catalyzed by a hybrid of polyhydroxyl aluminum cations and porphyrin anions
Authors: Yang Ying , Yin Jianbo , Tao Fangsheng , Zhou Yunshan , Zhang Lijuan , Zhong Yuxu , Wang Yong'an
Published: July 2022

A hybrid Al13–TCPP was thoroughly characterized as a prototype of polyoxometalate–porphyrin hybrids for the photocatalytic degradation of the mustard gas simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES).
Optical and dielectric properties of silver-substituted ZnAl2O4 spinels synthesized using a sol-gel auto-combustion method
Authors: Amghar Mohamed , Bougoffa Amira , Trabelsi Abdessalem , Oueslati Abderrazek , Dhahri Essebti
Published: July 2022

The present study deals with two compounds, (x = 0.05 and x = 0.1), synthesized using a sol-gel auto-combustion method.
Study of the effect of in situ minerals on the pyrolysis of oil shale in Fushun, China
Authors: Xinmin Wang , Qing Wang , Chunlei Wu
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the effect of in situ minerals on the pyrolysis of Fushun oil shale is studied by combining isothermal and non isothermal experiments.
Anticancer potential of β-sitosterol and oleanolic acid as through inhibition of human estrogenic 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-1 based on an in silico approach
Authors: Kristanti Alfinda Novi , Aminah Nanik Siti , Siswanto Imam , Manuhara Yosephine Sri Wulan , Abdjan Muhammad Ikhlas , Wardana Andika Pramudya , Aung Ei Ei , Takaya Yoshiaki
Published: July 2022

We presented pharmacokinetic study, molecular docking, and MD simulation to study β-sitosterol and oleanolic acid compounds and potential HSD17B1 inhibitors.
Activity gradients in two- and three-dimensional active nematics
Authors: Ruske Liam J. , Yeomans Julia M.
Published: July 2022

We numerically investigate how spatial variations of extensile or contractile active stress affect bulk active nematic systems in two and three dimensions.
Long-range transport and directed assembly of charged colloids under aperiodic electrodiffusiophoresis
Authors: Wang Kun , Leville Samuel , Behdani Behrouz , Silvera Batista Carlos A.
Published: July 2022

AC faradaic reactions promote focusing and crystallization away from electrodes under EDP.
Rational design of the FeS2/NiS2heterojunction interface structure to enhance the oxygen electrocatalytic performance for zinc–air batteries
Authors: Wu Lei , Li Jixiao , Shi Chuan , Li Yongliang , Mi Hongwei , Deng Libo , Zhang Qianling , He Chuanxin , Ren Xiangzhong
Published: July 2022

The zinc–air battery with FeS2/NiS2HDSNRs prepared by a one-step hydrothermal self-template process and high-temperature sulfurization process exhibits long-term stability for 480 h, and was well observed byin situXRD.
Thiol-decorated covalent organic frameworks as multifunctional materials for high-performance supercapacitors and heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: Pakulski Dawid , Montes-García Verónica , Gorczyński Adam , Czepa Włodzimierz , Chudziak Tomasz , Samorì Paolo , Ciesielski Artur
Published: July 2022

This work highlights the importance of rational molecular design of COFs decorated with redox-active thiol moieties to confer them a multifunctional nature and to maximize their catalytic and electrochemical performances.
Tuning the aqueous self-assembly of porphyrins by varying the number of cationic side chains
Authors: Guo Yanhui , Huang Shuheng , Sun Han , Wang Zhe , Shao Yutong , Li Lukun , Li Zhiliang , Song Fengling
Published: July 2022

The H-aggregated and J-aggregated porphyrins were formed, which lead to the assembly of nanofibers and 2D nanosheets, respectively.
Zwitterionic/phosphonate copolymer coatings endow excellent antifouling properties and robust re-mineralization ability of dentine substrates
Authors: Dong Xiaohan , Peng Wan , Sun Jin , Li Youxin , Fan Birong , Dong Yaning , Gan Donglin , Zhang Weibing , Liu Pingsheng , Shen Jian
Published: July 2022

A novel zwitterionic polymer coating endows excellent antifouling properties and robust re-mineralization ability of dentine, showing a potential application in treating dental hypersensitivity.
A no-hysteresis TIPS–pentacene:polystyrene blend-based organic field effect transistor by extruded direct ink writing and the application in a resistive load inverter circuit
Authors: Bai Huiwen , Yang Yi , Voyles Richard M. , Nawrocki Robert A.
Published: July 2022

Organic field effect transistors (OFETs), with the active layer made from 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethinyl) pentacene:polystyrene blend films, were fabricated on rigid (glass) and flexible (polyethylene terephthalate) substrates using a motor-controlled extrusion-based Direct Ink Writing printing method.
Optical fiber temperature sensor of Er3+/Yb3+ codoped LaGaO3 microcrystals with high reliability and stability
Authors: Xu Haibo , Lian Yanbang , Lu Zhanling , Kolesnikov Ilya , Zhao Yingjie , He Kun , Su Zewen , Bai Gongxun , Xu Shiqing
Published: July 2022

Er3+/Yb3+ codoped LaGaO3 microcrystals with excellent upconversion luminescence and temperature sensing were prepared. And an optical fiber temperature sensor with high accuracy and stability is constructed with the phosphor.
Controlled poling of a fully printed piezoelectric PVDF-TrFE device as a multifunctional platform with inkjet-printed silver electrodes
Authors: Alique Marc , Moya Ana , Kreuzer Martin , Lacharmoise Paul , Murillo Gonzalo , Simao Claudia Delgado
Published: July 2022

A novel all-printed piezoelectric device and its preparation methodology is presented as a multifunctional device platform with controllable polarization of the PVDF-TrFE layer, reversibly switching between piezoelectric and non-piezoelectric states.
Chromaticity coordinate vector principle for charge-transfer-type thermochromic material design: case of Fe/Cr-(co)doped α-Al2O3host
Authors: Zhang Wen , Xu Hongda , Wang Shan , Fang Hairui , Li Tianyi , Zhang Yumei , Li Dongfei , Meng Xiangdong , Hou Changmin , Yuan Long
Published: July 2022

Chromaticity coordinate vector principle is demonstrated in the design of charge-transfer-type inorganic thermochromic materials for the first time.
Replacing bar graphs of continuous data with more informative graphics: are we making progress?
Authors: Riedel Nico , Schulz Robert , Kazezian Vartan , Weissgerber Tracey
Published: July 2022

Recent work has raised awareness about the need to replace bar graphs of continuous data with informative graphs showing the data distribution. The impact of these efforts is not known. The present observational meta-research study examined how often scientists in different fields use various graph types, and assessed whether visualization practices have changed between 2010 and 2020. We developed and validated an automated screening tool, designed to identify bar graphs of counts or proportions, bar graphs of continuous data, bar graphs with dot plots, dot plots, box plots, violin plots, histograms, pie charts, and flow charts. Papers from 23 fields (approximately 1000 papers/field per year) were randomly selected from PubMed Central and screened (n=227998). F1 scores for different graphs ranged between 0.83 and 0.95 in the internal validation set. While the tool also performed well in external validation sets, F1 scores were lower for uncommon graphs. Bar graphs are more often used incorrectly to display continuous data than they are used correctly to display counts or proportions. The proportion of papers that use bar graphs of continuous data varies markedly across fields (range in 2020: 4–58%), with high rates in biochemistry and cell biology, complementary and alternative medicine, physiology, genetics, oncology and carcinogenesis, pharmacology, microbiology and immunology. Visualization practices have improved in some fields in recent years. Fewer than 25% of papers use flow charts, which provide information about attrition and the risk of bias. The present study highlights the need for continued interventions to improve visualization and identifies fields that would benefit most.
Traceability model based on improved witness mechanism
Authors: Li Li , Li Tao
Published: July 2022

Traceability system is one of the popular applications of graphic blockchains. However, there are centralisation problems and a long time for final consistency confirmation in the graphic blockchain. In addition, the blockchain system in the traceability application scenario has the problem of insufficient supervision. Therefore, a witness‐based graphic blockchain consensus mechanism is proposed. In the consensus mechanism, a verifiable random function is used to screen the publishers of the unit; an SM2 threshold signature is used to sign the unit information to improve the non‐repudiation of the traceability information uploaders to the unit information under the supervision of the witness. The improved consistency algorithm cancels the process of finding a stable main chain and makes relatively many nodes to participate in the consensus process. The experimental results show that the graphic blockchain using the improved witness mechanism can reduce the degree of centralisation, shorten the time for new units to reach consensus, and greatly ensure the security and scalability of the blockchain system.
Mixed‐attention‐based regional soft partition network for vehicle reidentification
Authors: Li Zhiyong , Luo Yunzhong , Li Qiaochu , Song Lulu , Liu Weiyi
Published: July 2022

The purpose of vehicle reidentification is to distinguish the same vehicle from different vehicles using different cameras. The main challenge of this task is the significant intra‐instance discrepancy of the same vehicle from different views and the subtle inter‐instance differences of similar vehicles from the same views. To address this problem, researchers have attempted to align features from different views, such as using additional metadata (colour, type, key points, mask, etc.) to improve performance. Although these attempts improve the performance of vehicle reidentification, considerable efforts are required to create additional precise annotations to the data before using these methods. This results in expensive data preparation costs, rendering these methods less convenient to use. Therefore, we propose a novel deep learning network, called a mixed‐attention‐based regional soft partition network, to address this problem. This network does not require additional metadata annotations; it only trains the identity label as a supervision signal and uses soft partition attention to identify specific vehicle regions. Experiments showed that the performance of the proposed method was comparable to that of the state‐of‐the‐art method with additional annotations on the VeRri‐776 and VERI‐Wild datasets.
Modified approach of reactive power dispatch for wind farm voltage constraints of an individual connection point
Authors: Jung Seungmin
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes a modification method focusing on the distance‐based reactive power dispatch method that is applied in wind farm structures. Due to the continuous expansion of grid requirements, the development of new approaches needs to be more considered. Thus, in a wind farm, considering the voltage restriction for each unit, a modified reactive power dispatch strategy is proposed, that is more advanced than the general dispatch method. In a simulation with PSCAD/EMTDC, the proposed modification demonstrated delivery improvements while complying with the required voltage conditions.
Thermal performance of nanofluids in rectangular microchannel with vortex generators: Application of electronic components cooling
Authors: Marzougui Mbarek , Boutas Laila , Zinoubi Jamil
Published: July 2022

In this study, the contributions of Au, Cu and Ag nanoparticles for enhancing the heat transfer in the rectangular microchannel heat sink with vortex generators are compared in this work. A two dimensional numerical method is used to simulate the forced convection of water-based suspensions of different nanoparticles in the microchannel heat sink submitted to a constant and uniform temperature (T= 303K) at the wall . The gouverning equations are solved numerically using code FLUENT based on CFD method. Comparisons with previously published work on the basis of special cases are performed and found to be in excellent agreement. The effect of volume fraction, Reynolds number and type of nanoparticles on the fluid flow and heat transfer processes within the microchannel are analyzed. In addition, an analysis of isothermals and streamlines based on the different nanofluid are developed and presented. It is shown that the different nanoparticles within different thermal conductivity values have substantial effects on the results. Finally, the local and average Nusselt number for various Reynolds numbers and volume fractions are presented.
Assessment of wind potential for electricity production: case of the rural community of Logone Birni
Authors: Aziz Abdoul , Tsuanyo David , Mamate Abakaka Inouss , Temgoua Nanfack Pelagie Flore
Published: July 2022

Many non-electrified rural communities find it challenging to follow a precise scientific protocol to assess the feasibility of installing a wind turbine on their site. The objective of the present work is to define a clear protocol for the assessment of wind potential of a rural site. The case of Logone Birni (LB) is taken as a case study. For this purpose, a protocol, integrating the wind parameters of the site have been used to calculate the wind power density, annual energy yield, and capacity factors at 10, 30, and 50 m height using 15 years data. The wind frequency distribution including seasonal has been investigated to determine accurately the wind power of the site. The coefficient of variation is calculated at three different heights. Also, an economic assessment per kWh of energy has been carried out. The results of this study show that it is possible to install a wind farm in LB site with a minimum of 30m height. In addition, wind turbines with a starting speed of 1.5 m/s and a rated power of 20 kW will produce electricity at a low cost (0.453USD/kWh).
Comparative analysis of a hybrid Photovoltaic-Water Thermal solar system using monocrystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous silicon solar modules
Authors: Kuefouet Lontsi Alexis , Djousse Kanouo Boris Merlain , Tangka Julius Kewir , Aloyem Kazé Claude Vidal , Grisseur Djoukeng Henri
Published: July 2022

The proposed work consists of a comparative analysis of a model of a hybrid solar PV/T waterborne system using monocrystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous silicon solar modules. In this work, we have highlighted that the design of a PV/T waterborne system depends on the type of solar module. We have chosen on the market the polycrystalline / monocrystalline silicon solar modules with a power of 100Wc each and 60Wc for the amorphous. Behind each solar module is glued a coil exchanger of respective dimensions: 22m, 32m length and 12 mm diameter for water circulation. The prototypes of the water PVTs as well as their control modules have been realized in the west of Cameroon. Tests were conducted and the data collected led us to optimize the production of the solar photovoltaic modules. We obtained an average daily electrical energy gain of 10.7% or 10.7Wc (mono-crystalline); 13.9% or 13.9Wc (polycrystalline) and 0.97% or 1.62Wc (amorphous) compared to conventional solar panels. For the thermal side, we obtained an average daily thermal power of 214.944 W or 4 liters of hot water (37°C) for the monocrystalline panel; 298.35 W or 5,6 liters of hot water (44.5°C) for the polycrystalline module and 304,57 W or 13.78 liters of hot water (48.6°C) for the amorphous. These tests were made on an average sunshine of 835.51W/m2 between 7h30 min and 15h30 min. The analysis comparison of the developed models shows us that the PVT with poly water has a better electrical output followed by the mono then the amorphous and the PVT with amorphous water has a better thermal output followed by the poly and the mono. This approach allowed us to recover a quantity of the electrical power of the modules lost by Joule effect while determining the quantity of hot water that can be produced by a PV module
Impact of hydrogen potential on anaerobic digestion of organic waste
Authors: Karidio Daouda I. Oumoul-Kairou , Tsuanyo David , Kouakou Adjoumani , Yao Kouassi Benjamin
Published: July 2022

The world’s waste deposit has become more important due to the growth of the world economy and demography. Biomethanation is method of choice for the treatment of fermentable fractions of municipal waste. However, low methane yield due to operational issues and process instability prevent this technology from being widely applied. It shows that biogas is made up of approximately 50-70% CH4; 30-50% CO2 from traces of other gases. Solutions for improving CH4 production include controlling anaerobic digestion factors. These factors are essentially: the methanogenic potential, the carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N), temperature, Hydrogen potential (pH) and tightness of the reactor. Among these factors, one of the most important, the pH, is analysed in this article in order to ensure production’s optimization. 02 substrates are studied potato peel and cow’s stomach waste: As results, the production of biogas varies constantly with the variation of pH. With a pH lower than 5 the production decreases. The best productions were obtained pH value between 6.9 and 7.4. That said, it is important to find a way to stabilize the pH variation in the production of biogas for better sustainability. Eggshell has been studied in order to maintain the balance and good results have been obtained.
Role of Shear-Wave Elastography in Achilles Tendon in Psoriatic Arthritis and Its Correlation with Disease Severity Score, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index
Authors: Saha Debajyoti , Prakash Mahesh , Sinha Anindita , Singh Tulika , Dogra Sunil , Sharma Aman
Published: July 2022

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare accuracy of shear-wave elastography (SWE) with gray scale (GS) ultrasound and power Doppler (pD) for diagnosing Achilles tendinopathy in psoriatic patients with and without arthritis and correlation with achillodynia and disease severity score, psoriasis area and severity index (PASI).

Methods A total of 100 Achilles tendons were evaluated where 56% were cases of psoriatic arthritis with achillodynia; 44% were controls of psoriasis without arthritis in this prospective study. Evaluation was done with GS, pD, SWE at proximal, mid, and distal third of the tendon. Qualitative (color maps) and quantitative data, elastic modulus, kilopascal (kPa), were generated. Pearson's correlation was done to see association between kPa, PASI and clinical symptoms, achillodynia, scored using visual analog scale (VAS).

Results Significant negative correlation was seen between duration of arthritis, VAS and PASI with SWE values with r = −0.34, −0.47, and −0.41, respectively. SWE could identify abnormal tendons in 71/100 (71%) in the overall study, 53/56 (94.6%) in cases, and 18/44 (40.9%) in control. The statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. In comparison, conventional ultrasound, GS, and pD together could identify 13/56 (23.21%) in cases and no abnormal tendon was identified in the control group.

Conclusion SWE is a reliable, noninvasive, and valuable tool to detect early tendinopathy and monitor progression of disease.
Relationships between Women's and Men's Modifiable Preconception Risks and Health Behaviors and Maternal and Offspring Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Caut Cherie , Schoenaker Danielle , McIntyre Erica , Vilcins Dwan , Gavine Anna , Steel Amie
Published: July 2022

Parental health before conception effects maternal and offspring health outcomes. Preconception care provides healthcare to prospective parents addressing modifiable preconception risks and health behaviors. This umbrella review aimed to consolidate evidence on women's and men's modifiable preconception risks or health behaviors associated with maternal and offspring health outcomes. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Maternity and Infant Care, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched from March 4, 2010, to March 4, 2020. Eligible studies were systematic reviews or meta-analyses of observational studies examining associations between modifiable preconception risks or health behaviors and maternal and offspring health outcomes. Screening, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment (AMSTAR 2) occurred independently by two reviewers. Degree of overlap was examined. Findings were summarized for evidence synthesis. Twenty-seven systematic reviews were included. Modifiable preconception risks and health behaviors were identified across categories: body composition (e.g., overweight, obesity), lifestyle behaviors (e.g., caffeine, smoking), nutrition (e.g., micronutrients), environmental exposures (e.g., radiation), and birth spacing (e.g., short interpregnancy intervals). Outcomes associated with exposures affected embryo (e.g., embryonic growth), maternal (e.g., gestational diabetes mellitus), fetal/neonate (e.g., preterm birth), and child (e.g., neurocognitive disorders) health. For real-world practice and policy relevance, evidence-based indicators for preconception care should include body composition, lifestyle, nutrition, environmental, and birth spacing.
The Transition of Care for Patients with Anorectal Malformations and Hirschsprung Disease: A European Survey
Authors: Violani Cristiano , Grano Caterina , Fernandes Mariana , Prato Alessio Pini , Feitz Wout F. J. , Wijnen Rene , Battye Michelle , Schwarzer Nicole , Lemli Annette , Cavalieri Duccio , Aminoff Dalia
Published: July 2022

This study aimed at evaluating how transition of care is currently being organized in the European Reference Networks (ERNs) health care providers (HCPs) in pediatric areas and in the Anorectal Malformation Network (ARM-Net) Consortium hospitals. An online questionnaire was sent to a total of 80 surgeons, members of or affiliated members of three networks: ARM-Net Consortium, ERN eUROGEN, and ERN ERNICA. Complete information were obtained for 45 HCPs, most of which deal with transition and still see a few adult patients (ca. 10%). Gynecological, gastroenterological, urological, colorectal, and continence issues were the major problems described by adult patients to their physicians, and in line with these prevalent complaints, they are referred to the appropriate adult specialists. Forty percent of patients complain about sexual and fertility problems, but the percentage of andrologists and sexologists involved in the caring of adult patients with ARM/Hirschsprung's disease is low, just above 10.9%. Most hospitals deal with transition, but three basic criteria (i.e., presence of: [1] an official written transitional program, [2] a transitional coordinator, and [3] written information on transition to be handled to patients) are jointly met only by six HCPs. According to the responders, the most important issue requiring improvement is the lack of interest and of specific preparation by adult specialists. The overall results of this exploratory survey confirm the need for the development of comprehensive programs for transition in these rare and complex diseases, and identify the hospitals that, in collaboration with the networks, could share best practices in organizing structured transitional pathways and well follow-ups.
Study of Three Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Samples from Guilan, North of Iran
Authors: Moghaddam Saghi Jani Kargar , Roushandeh Amaneh Mohammadi , Roudkenar Mehryar Habibi , Nemati Shadman , Najafi-Ghalehlou Nima , Pakzad Toofan , Hamidi Masoud
Published: July 2022

Introduction Finding biomarkers for highly lethal cancers is a priority.

Objective The current study was designed to understand the clinical significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression as the biomarkers, and evaluate their correlation with each other, in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in the province of Guilan, North of Iran.

Methods Gene expression was evaluated in 25 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks from cases of confirmed NPC and 20 FFPE samples of non-NPC by quantifying messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein levels, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods, respectively. Furthermore, the correlations among the protein levels of different genes, along with the patients' demographic characteristics were assessed.

Results Our findings on mRNA and protein levels demonstrated that the expression of the LMP1 gene in the NPC group was significantly elevated compared with that of the non-NPC group. In addition, the protein levels in the NPC group indicated a positive and significant correlation between LMP1 and VEGF expression. It was noted that both protein and mRNA levels showed no significant differences in the expression of TNF-α and VEGF genes between the NPC and control groups. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between the expression of these proteins and the demographic characteristics of NPC patients.

Conclusion Overall, a significant increase in LMP1 expression was observed in NPC patients, which may serve as a diagnostic biomarker for NPC. Also, LMP1 might be involved in NPC progression by inducing VEGF gene expression.
Patellar Groove Replacement in a Cat
Authors: Jaworski Janusz , Krukowski Maciej , Gosling Mark , Burton Neil
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to report patellar groove replacement in a 6-year-old domestic short hair cat with chronic unilateral pelvic limb lameness and severe femoro-patellar osteoarthritis due to medial patellar luxation. This study is a case report. Computed tomographic scan of the affected limb revealed marked periarticular osteophytosis, medial trochlear ridge erosion, marked flattening of femoral trochlea, ectopic pseudo-trochlear groove, and medial patellar luxation. Femoral trochlear ostectomy with patellar groove replacement, release of the medial fibrocartilage, partial parasagittal patellectomy, and lateral tibial tuberosity were performed. Clinical review and radiographs performed 53 days post-surgery revealed no complications and substantial decrease in lameness. Thirteen months postoperatively the cat scored 2/72 on the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index questionnaire by the owner, indicating good mobility, minimal discomfort, and good quality of life. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first report of the use of patellar groove replacement in the management of feline medial patellar luxation. Patellar groove replacement, in combination with adjunctive procedures, resulted in a substantial improvement in lameness in this cat with chronic medial patellar luxation and severe femoro-patellar osteoarthritis.
Stochastic exciton-scattering theory of optical line shapes: Renormalized many-body contributions
Authors: Li Hao , Shah S. A. , Bittner Eric R. , Piryatinski Andrei , Silva-Acuña Carlos
Published: July 2022

Spectral line shapes provide a window into the local environment coupled to a quantum transition in the condensed phase. In this paper, we build upon a stochastic model to account for non-stationary background processes produced by broad-band pulsed laser stimulation, as distinguished from those for stationary phonon bath. In particular, we consider the contribution of pair-fluctuations arising from the full bosonic many-body Hamiltonian within a mean-field approximation, treating the coupling to the system as a stochastic noise term. Using the Itô transformation, we consider two limiting cases for our model, which lead to a connection between the observed spectral fluctuations and the spectral density of the environment. In the first case, we consider a Brownian environment and show that this produces spectral dynamics that relax to form dressed excitonic states and recover an Anderson–Kubo-like form for the spectral correlations. In the second case, we assume that the spectrum is Anderson–Kubo like and invert to determine the corresponding background. Using the Jensen inequality, we obtain an upper limit for the spectral density for the background. The results presented here provide the technical tools for applying the stochastic model to a broad range of problems.
Compact and accurate ab initio valence bond wave functions for electron transfer: The classic but challenging covalent-ionic interaction in LiF
Authors: Ren Mingxing , Liu Xin , Zhang Lina , Lin Xuhui , Wu Wei , Chen Zhenhua
Published: July 2022

This paper combines the valence bond block diabatization approach with the idea of orbital breathing. With highly compact wave functions, the breathing orbital valence bond (BOVB) method is applied to investigate several atomic and molecular properties, including the electron affinity of F, the adiabatic and diabatic potential energy curves and the dipole moment curves of the two lowest-lying 1Σ+ states, the electronic coupling curve and the crossing distance of the two diabatic states, and the spectroscopic constants of the ground states for LiF. The configuration selection scheme proposed in this work is quite general, requiring only the selection of several de-excitation and excitation orbitals in a sense like the restricted active space self-consistent field method. Practically, this is also the first time that BOVB results are extrapolated to complete basis set limit. Armed with the chemical intuition provided by valence bond theory, the classic but challenging covalent-ionic interaction in the title molecule is not only conceptually interpreted but also accurately computed.
The role of atomization in the coupling between doped droplets dynamics and their flames
Authors: Mosadegh Sepehr , Kheirkhah Sina
Published: July 2022

The droplet and flame chemiluminescence dynamics and their coupling during atomization events of graphene oxide doped diesel are investigated experimentally. The tested doping concentrations are 0%, 0.001%, 0.005%, 0.01%, and 0.02% by weight. Small diameter fibers are used for the droplet suspension. Separate shadowgraphy and OH* chemiluminescence measurements are performed at 4000 Hz to study the droplet and flame dynamics, respectively. The results show that both the droplet diameter squared and the flame chemiluminescence feature intermittent oscillations. The root mean square of the droplet diameter squared oscillations is positively related to the number and intensity of the atomization events and the graphene oxide doping concentration. The probability density function of the inverse of the time separation between two consecutive atomization events and the power spectrum density of the droplet diameter squared oscillations feature dominant large probabilities and powers at about 25 Hz prior to the occurrence of the first intense atomization event. After the occurrence of the first intense atomization event, this frequency decreases to about 5 Hz for both. Although the intense atomization triggers the large amplitude oscillations at 5 Hz, it was argued that the retracting motion of the igniter induces the oscillations at 25 Hz. Our findings suggest that the atomization events are the root cause of the smaller frequency coupling between liquid fuel droplets doped with graphene oxide and their flames. This has implications for spray combustion research.
Vortex shedding modes of a vibrating cylinder colliding with a rigid wall
Authors: De Arnab Kumar , Sarkar Sandip
Published: July 2022

We have conducted two-dimensional computations of vortex-induced vibration of an elastically mounted circular cylinder colliding with a rigid wall at a Reynolds number of 300. For wide ranges of reduced velocities, we have identified C (chaotic), P (periodic), and QP (quasi-periodic) vortex shedding modes at two gap and mass ratios. The deflected gap flow induced by the wall shear layer during the descending motion of the cylinder cause stretching of the vortex strands, while both the P and QP modes show the “S”-type shedding signature. The pathlines for the C-mode yield unstable hyperbolic behavior, whereas twisted knots and spirals are seen for the P-mode. Criss-cross interactions with the swirling pathlines are observed in the QP-mode.
Modeling the evaporation of multicomponent drops of general shape on the basis of an analytical solution to the Stefan–Maxwell equations
Authors: Tonini S. , Cossali G. E.
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes an analytical approach to model the evaporation of multicomponent drops of general shape, which is based on the solution to Stefan–Maxwell equations. The model predicts the quasi-steady molar fractions and temperature distributions in the gas phase as well as the heat rate and the species evaporation rates. The model unifies previous approaches to this problem, namely, for spherical and spheroidal drops, under a unique model and proposes solutions for other shapes and geometries, such as sessile drops and drop pairs. To assess the model, a comparison with a numerical solution to the conservation equations is also reported for both different drop configurations and different compositions.
Acoustic three-terminal controller with amplitude control for nonlinear seismic metamaterials
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Liu Jiancheng , Deng Zhaoyu , Gong Menyang , Huang Kunqi , Lai Yun , Liu Xiaozhou
Published: July 2022

To design and optimize seismic metamaterials, the impacts of nonlinearity in different locations of locally resonant acoustic metamaterials on the dispersions and the variation of amplitude-dependent bandgaps are investigated in this paper. The research used theoretical calculations, namely, Lindstedt–Poincaré perturbation method and prediction method, and combined finite-element simulation. Summarizing from our research, the lower bandgap is sensitive when exposed to amplitude stimulation, when there arise nonlinear characteristics between matrices; while nonlinearity appears within the interior oscillator, amplitudes obtain a more intense influence on the bandgap, introducing an enormous magnitude of deviation between the upper bandgap and the lower bandgap. Based on the peculiar frequency-shift characteristics, an acoustic three-terminal controller is proposed as a conventional subsize acoustical device and nonlinear seismic metamaterials component. This controller enables the realization of modulating the value of output signals by adjusting the quantitative loading on the control port, without changing the input signals and the parameters of the apparatus validated with the finite-element simulation. The work may offer potential applications in low-frequency vibration reduction and external-controllable multi-functional acoustical devices.
Seed yield potential improvement through breeding in
Authors: Tomás María A. , Maina Marina , Lifschitz Mauro E. , Armando Lorena V. , Giordano Mabel C.
Published: July 2022

Context Panicum coloratum is a relatively undomesticated small-seeded warm-season forage grass. Seed shattering, an extended reproductive period and non-synchronic seed maturation limit harvested seed yields. Low seed quantity and quality hinder pasture establishment and discourage its use. Aims To assess whether seed yield potential could be improved by breeding, we sought to measure variability in traits related to seed production including phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental cues, and estimated narrow-sense heritability, prospective genetic gain after selection and co-heritabilities in seed yield components. Methods Seed retention (SR), number of panicles (PN), seed number per panicle (SN) and seed weight (SW) were measured in plants growing in the field. Clonal replicates of 13 genotypes were assessed in 2007 and 2010 and half-sib families derived from these genotypes were measured in 2010. Key results Phenotypic variability among genotypes was related to genetic factors for all measured variables. Two broad groups of accessions showing differences in SR were studied. Phenotypic plasticity in SR differed among genotypes and was negatively related to levels of SR, implying that stable high-SR genotypes could be selected in a breeding program. Maximum narrow-sense heritabilities were 0.89 and 0.41 for SN and SR, respectively, with estimated gains after selection around 30%. The best results were achieved if selecting for SR at 3–5 weeks after anthesis. Low genetic correlations and extremely low co-heritabilities between other characters and seed yield components discourage the possibility of indirect selection. Conclusion Moderate increases in seed production potential may be achieved after selection for SN, SW and SR in P. coloratum var. makarikariense. Implications Improvements in SR and other seed yield components would facilitate harvest, increase yield and consequently increase profitability to growers and stimulate pasture adoption by farmers.
Sequential infections by 32 isolates of
Authors: Omidvari Mahtab , Flematti Gavin R. , You Ming Pei , Abbaszadeh-Dahaji Payman , Barbetti Martin J.
Published: July 2022

Context Studies of Phoma black stem and leaf spot disease (caused by Phoma medicaginis) in annual medics (Medicago spp.) normally involve a ‘once-only’ inoculation not reflecting multiple pathogen infection and phytoestrogen production cycles in the field. Phytoestrogen production by plants can result in lower ovulation rates in grazing animals. Aims We aimed to determine whether sequential infections by P. medicaginis increase production of phytoestrogens in annual medics, and to measure the genetic diversity of isolates. Methods In a greenhouse experiment, pathogenicity and virulence were investigated across 32 isolates of P. medicaginis following one, two or three rounds of inoculation of M. polymorpha var. brevispina. Production of the phytoestrogens coumestrol and 4′-O-methyl coumestrol was measured, and correlation with disease parameters assessed. DNA sequencing using ITS, β-tubulin, calmodulin and P. medicaginis-specific EFNI-1α was applied for phylogenetic analysis of isolates from Western Australia and elsewhere. Key results Across isolates, highest leaf disease incidence was 76%, petiole disease incidence 61%, leaf disease severity 52% and petiole disease severity 53%. Stem coumestrol content range was 45–1247 mg kg−1, and 4′-O-methyl coumestrol 0–344 mg kg−1. All measures were highest after three rounds of inoculation. Overall, there was a positive correlation of leaf disease incidence with coumestrol content (P < 0.05) and of both leaf and petiole disease incidence with 4′-O-methylcoumestrol content (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). Phylogenetic analysis revealed a high degree of genetic similarity among Western Australian isolates, generally grouping into a single separate cluster across the four markers, and genetically distinct from isolates sourced outside Australia. Conclusions Leaf disease incidence was the best discriminating disease parameter for coumestrol and 4′-O-methylcoumestrol content. Western Australian isolates of P. medicaginis were genetically similar and unique, possibly due to geographic separation. Implications The study emphasised the importance of sequential inoculations when screening annual Medicago genotypes towards developing cultivars with superior disease resistance and enhanced animal reproductive outcomes.
Soil algae for combating soil degradation – greenhouse experiment with different soil amendments
Authors: Zhang Xin , Koehler Hartmut
Published: July 2022

Context Our research contributes to the knowledge of using soil algae to combat soil degradation. Aims We tested green algae (Klebsormidium flaccidum) and a field soil algae community in a 3-month greenhouse experiment and studied their performance on two substrates: (1) sand from the Ordos Desert; and (2) artificial desert sand (washed sand). Methods A rapid fluorescence microscopy-Image J method was developed to estimate the abundance of algae. We studied the effects of four soil amendments (biochar, clay, organic matter, geohumus) on the development of green algae, field algae and biological soil crusts. Key results The field algae preferred washed sand. All amendments had a positive effect on the abundance of K. flaccidum and field algae. Biological soil crusts were generally lower in control and organic matter treatments, but relatively higher in biochar and clay treatments. No relationship between algal abundance and soil crust stability was found in this short-term experiment. Conclusions Our rapid fluorescence microscopy-Image J method quantitatively estimated algal abundance aunder different conditions, providing an indirect indicator of their growth status. Implications This method can be used to make recommendations on soil amendments and their effect on algal growth studies.