bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The latest research trends in primary biliary cholangitis: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhao Yu , Yin Zhenjie , Du Huang , Huang Kangming , Zhang Fajing , Chen Hongbin
Published: October 2021

Background and aims: The bibliometric analysis uses the citation count of an article to measure its impact in the scientific community, but no study has been undertaken to determine the most influential papers in the field of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). This study aimed to investigate the global research interest regarding PBC in dentistry using a bibliometric approach.Methods: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection database to find the top 100 most cited (T100) articles focusing on PBC. The information about each article including citations, authors, journals, countries, institutions, and keywords was recorded for bibliometric analysis.Results: The T100 articles related to PBC were published from 1983 to 2019 and were originated from 26 countries. A total of 805 different authors were from 342 different institutions, and articles written by them were published in 35 journals. The five most frequently occurring keywords were “biochemical response”, “ursodeoxycholic acid”, “primary biliary cirrhosis”, “antimitochondrial antibody”, and “autoimmunity”. The T100 articles were classified into different research focuses: pathogenesis (41%), treatment (20%), prognosis (12%), epidemiology (9%), diagnosis (8%) and others (10%). These 100 articles included 32 observational studies, 29 basic research articles, 15 reviews, eight meta-analyses, 12 clinical trials, and four clinical guidelines.Conclusions: This report presents major advances and changes in research regarding PBC. The single treatment method entered a bottleneck period, and combined treatment with immunosuppressant, local therapy, and surgery will become the next research focus to identify possible beneficial treatment combinations.
Theoretically Investigation On The Roughness Profile of The Machined Surface After Flank Milling
Authors: Fei Jixiong , Lin Bin , Yan Shuai
Published: October 2021

In this study, the roughness profile of a machined surface obtained via a flank milling process is thoroughly investigated through theoretical modeling and experimental demonstrations. First, the roughness profile of a machined surface generated by a single-tooth end milling cutter along a straight path is considered (without helical angle). The trajectory of a point on the cutting edge is constructed according to the cutting kinematics, and the roughness profile of the flank surface is theoretically extracted from the trajectory. The surface topography is constructed by integrating the roughness profile along the axial direction of the cutter. Based on the constructed roughness profile model, the effects of cutting parameters on the roughness profile are discussed, including those of the cutting speed, radial depth of the cut, and feed rate. In addition, the effects of cutter geometries including the cutter tooth number, tooth spacing angle, and helical angle on the roughness profile and surface topography are discussed. Further, roughness profiles are constructed for cutter feeds along different tool paths, such as round and curved paths. Finally, experiments are conducted to verify the method developed in this study. The results show that the roughness profile obtained from testing matches well with the theoretically modeled profile. Moreover, the methodology for constructing the roughness profile is compared to an existing approach, which shows that the method in this study is significantly faster.
Evolutionary Relic or a Curious Coincidence? A Mantisfly Emerging from a Mud-Dauber Nest.
Authors: Snyman Louwrens Pieter , Binoy Chereekandy
Published: October 2021

Mantispoidea exhibit a remarkably diverse morphology and life history for a relatively small group of insects, in part, complicating our understanding of its evolutionary history. Dietary specialisation of the larvae, however, seems to have played an important evolutionary role in this group. Symphrasinae (Rhachiberothidae) larvae are thought to be predators of aculeate Hymenoptera brood, while Mantispinae (Mantispidae) larvae are predators of spider eggs. Herewith the first observation of a Mantispinae adult emerging from the nest of a mud-dauber wasp (Sphecidae) is described. This is also the first genus record of Afromantispa Snyman & Ohl from the Oriental Region, including three new name combinations. The curious coincidence of a Mantispinae emerging from an aculeate wasp nest, the food source of a related taxon, is discussed in the light of our current understanding of Mantispoidea classification.
Background Factors Involved in the Epidemiology of Functional Constipation in the Japanese Population
Authors: Yamamoto Sayuri , Ohashi Wataru , Yamaguchi Yoshiharu , Inamoto Shunsuke , Koshino Akira , Sugiyama Tomoya , Nagao Kazuhiro , Tamura Yasuhiro , Izawa Shinya , Ebi Masahide , Usami Jun , Hamano Koichi , Izumi Junko , Wakita Yoshinori , Funaki Yasushi , Ogasawara Naotaka , Sasaki Makoto , Maekawa Masato , Kasugai Kunio
Published: October 2021

Background: Little is known about the prevalence and epidemiology of functional constipation (FC), a functional bowel disorder with symptoms of constipation. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, population composition, lifestyle, quality of life, and clinical characteristics of individuals with and without FC and of individuals with a strong or weak awareness of constipation. Methods: An internet survey revealed that 262 (8.7%) out of 3,000 respondents from the general Japanese population were diagnosed with FC. Moreover, all respondents were classified according to their awareness of constipation (i.e. strong or weak), and their characteristic features were compared. Results: FC occurrence was associated with the elderly population, females, and homemakers. Its onset was associated with a change in the frequency of bowel movement, sensation of incomplete or hardly any evacuation, and the use of manual maneuvers, which are consequential clinical symptoms of FC. Subjects with FC also frequently skipped breakfast, had insufficient sleep, had more severe constipation, and had purchased laxatives in pharmacies or online more often than individuals without FC. A strong awareness of constipation was significantly more prevalent among women and homemakers. A history of anemia and cardiovascular disease was significantly more frequent in the strong awareness group, whereas a history of hypertension was more frequent in the weak awareness group.Conclusions: Based on the understanding of the characteristic features of FC, appropriate and comprehensive management considering the patient’s symptoms and lifestyle should be provided.
Immunogenicity of The BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in Patients With Primary Brain Tumors: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Massarweh Amir , Tschernichovsky Roi , Stemmer Amos , Benouaich-Amiel Alexandra , Siegal Tali , Eliakim-Raz Noa , Stemmer Salomon M. , Yust-Katz Shlomit
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Immunogenicity of Covid-19 vaccines may be negatively impacted by anti-cancer treatment. The management of primary brain tumor (PBT) patients routinely includes temozolomide and steroids, which are immune-suppressive. In this study, we aimed to determine the rate of seropositivity in PBT patients following receipt of two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
Methods
We prospectively evaluated IgG antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in 17 PBT patients following two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. IgG levels were collected at two time points: T1 - after a median of 44 days from the second vaccine dose and T2 - after a median of 130 days from the second dose. Titers were compared against a group of healthy controls (HC) comprised of patients’ family members/caregivers.
Results
At T1, 88.2% (15/17) of PBT patients achieved seroconversion, compared with 100% (12/12) of HCs. Median IgG titer was significantly lower in the PBT group compared to the HC group (1,908 AU/mL vs 8,198 AU/mL, respectively; p=0.002). At T2, 80% (12/15) of PBT achieved seroconversion, compared to 100% (10/10) of the HCs. Median IgG titer remained significantly lower in the PBT group (410 vs 1687; p=0.002). All three PBT patients who failed to seroconvert at T2 had been treated with corticosteroids during vaccination. In a univariate analysis, steroid use was negatively associated with antibody titer.
Conclusion
Most PBT patients achieve seroconversion after receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine, but with lower IgG titer compared to HCs. Steroid use during the vaccination period is associated with lower titer.
Listeria Species Occurrence and Associated Risk Factors and Antibiogram of Listeria Monocytogenes in Milk and Milk Products in Ambo, Holeta, and Bako Towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Borena Bizunesh Mideksa , Dilgasa Lemma , Gebremedhin Endrias Zewdu , Sarba Edilu Jorga , Marami Lencho Megersa , Kelbesa Kebede Abdisa , Tadese Nega Desalegn
Published: October 2021

Background
Listeriosis is a severe foodborne disease of significant burden to public health caused by consuming food contaminated with Listeria species. The current study was aimed to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of Listeria species and assess the antibiogram of Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) isolated from milk and milk products from Holeta, Ambo, and Bako towns, Ethiopia.
Methods
A cross sectional study was employed and a systematic random sampling method was used to collect raw milk and milk products samples. A total of 482 samples (384 milk, 35 cottage cheeses, 30 bulk tank milk, and 33 curdle milk) were collected and isolation and identification of Listeria species were done using standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility test for L. monocytogenes was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the prevalence of Listeria while Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to determine the association between the prevalence of Listeria and the risk factors and the magnitude of association, respectively
Results
The isolation rate of Listeria species was 7.67% (37/482; 95% confidence interval (CI):5.46, 10.42). The overall prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 2.28%, (11/482; 95% CI: 1.14 - 4.04). The other species isolated were L. welshimeri 0.62% (3/482; 95% CI:0.13 - 1.81), L. seeligeri 1.04% (5/482; 95% CI:0.33 - 2.40), L. ivanovi 1.24%, (6/482;95% CI:0.45 - 2.68) and L. grayi 2.49% (12/482; 95% CI:5.46 - 10.42). Univariable logistic regression showed that study town, herd size, farm size, number of lactating cows, and management system were the factors significantly associated with for the isolation of Listeria species at farm level while intensive management system was independent predictor at cow level in the multivariable model (adjusted odds ratio = 3.38, P=0.046). L. monocytogenes isolates showed the highest resistance against oxacillin (100%), amoxicillin (90.91%), and vancomycine (81.82%). L. monocytogenes showed very high multi-drug resistance (MDR) [81.82%].
Conclusion
The current study showed widespread of Listeria species MDR Listeria monocytogenes isolates in cow raw milk and milk products from Ambo, Holeta, and Bako towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.
Deformation Source Revealed From Leveling Survey in Jigokudani Valley, Tateyama Volcano, Japan
Authors: Hotta Kohei , Kusumoto Shigekazu , Takahashi Hidenori , Hayakawa Yuichi S
Published: October 2021

We modeled vertical deformation detected from leveling survey in Jigokudani valley, Tateyama volcano, central Japan. In Jigokudani valley, uplift of 4 cm/year was previously detected during the period from 2007 to 2010 by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). To confirm whether this inflation has continued to the present, we conducted leveling survey in Jigokudani valley since 2015. Most bench marks showed subsidence up to 5.6 cm during the four-year period from October 2016 to September 2020, while a bench mark locates at the center of the leveling route uniquely showed uplift of 1.6 cm. We applied a dislocation source model to the deformation using a grid search method. A crack with a length of 350 m, a width of 100 m, a strike of N117°E and a dip of 61° is located at a depth of 50 m near the center of Jigokudani valley (Koya jigoku and the new fumarolic area) where highly activating recently. Closing of the crack of 344 cm yields volume decreases of 120,400 m3. Striking direction of the crack is parallel to the line of which are old explosion craters (Mikurigaike and Midorigaike ponds) and corresponds to current maximum compressive stress field in the region of Hida Mountains including Tateyama volcano. The deformation source of the previous period from 2007 to 2010 detected from InSAR was estimated to be at a depth of 50 m and a gas chamber was correspondingly found from the audio-frequency magnetotelluric (AMT) survey. The estimated crack in this study is also located at a similar position of the gas chamber which was also identified from AMT survey. During the period from 2015 to 2016, the crack opened (i.e., inflated) and the inflation stopped during the next one-year period from 2016 to 2017. During the period from 2017 to 2020, the crack turned to closing (i.e., deflation), probably because of the increase in emission of volcanic fluid or gas with a formation of a new crater at the western side of Jigokudani valley (Yahata jigoku) during the period from 2017 to 2018.
Improved authentication method in embedded networks systems. An autonomous vehicle approach
Authors: Rogobete Marius
Published: October 2021

By adding connectivity to in-vehicle networks (including multimedia devices) and external networks (e.g. wireless and Internet) the attack surface was dramatically extended. In this context, there are several types of attacks already been demonstrated on automotive/AV control networks using compromised network connection or physical manipulation. Subsequently, the success attacks violate safety requirements, being able to disrupt system operation or even to take over operational control. In order to avoid false authentication or identity theft of devices or IoT, this paper proposes a time-based authentication method. The proposed method increases the degree of cybersecurity and allows its implementation on independent, low power mobile devices. Finally, a critical conclusion regarding the proposed authentication methods is presented.
Hierarchical Identity-based Broadcast Cryptography and its Application in Blockchain
Authors: Han Chenchen
Published: October 2021

Blockchain as an emerging cryptographic database technology has gained wide attention in many directions. Among them, data security is one of the hot spots of research in blockchain. In this paper, we first analyze the security problems of blockchain and then propose to solve them with hierarchical identity-based broadcast encryption (HIBBE). HIBBE, as a variant of hierarchical identity-based cryptography, can effectively improve the data security. HIBBE has all the characteristics of hierarchical identity-based cryptography, so it has potential in decentralized application scenarios. Then we made an overview of the several existing HIBBE scheme. This paper also gives a formal definition of HIBBE and concludes with the research direction of HIBBE-based blockchain.
The Resonance of Music Across Cultures
Authors:   Distinguished Prof. of German, Emeritus, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Goebel Rolf J.
Published: October 2021

What predestines music to be able to transgress geo-cultural boundaries? I argue that music’s sensuous, bodily-affective immediacy requires a mode of cross-cultural translation via what I call auditory resonance—the spontaneous attunement of listeners with the sonic presence of music through media-technological transmission despite vestiges of cultural colonialism and other sociopolitical barriers. I trace such resonance effects from German Romanticism through our global present, focusing especially on the conversations between two Japanese cultural figures, the conductor Seiji Ozawa and the novelist Haruki Murakami. These texts show that the category of auditory resonance is more suitable for addressing European music’s global significance than its traditional claims to transcultural universality. Keywords: Music, resonance, immediacy, presence, media technologies, cultural translation, Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder, Walter Benjamin, Seiji Ozawa, Haruki Murakami
Increasing importance of anammox process: the present status and its development trend in municipal wastewater treatment system
Authors: Ren Qiang , Gao Junling , Imtiaz Syed Asad , Li Chunqing , Huang Hai
Published: October 2021

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation processes for the removal of nitrogen from municipal wastewater (known as ‘mainstream anammox’) are being involved in an on-going paradigm shift of the next generation of wastewater treatment plants due to their energy and resource efficiency. This review aims to present and summarize the recent research results of nitrogen removal performance and mechanism on mainstream anammox for its further successful application. The commonly encountered barriers are also discussed. It is proposed that the improvement of technology and the development of the mechanism for industrial application in municipal wastewater treatment are necessary. In particular, a framework of operable solutions to these difficulties and challenges is suggested and the partial denitratation/anammox process for treating municipal wastewater is specifically indicated as a significant research direction of new anammox development.
Comparison of contrasts in rainfall and drought characteristics in the Chambal basin in Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan
Authors: Sharma Gaurav , Thomas T. , Singh R. M.
Published: October 2021

The availability of water resources is under stress due to its unsustainable exploitation. The Chambal basin is located in the water-scarce region in India with average annual rainfall varying between 687.1 mm in the Rajasthan (RJ) region and 938.2 mm in the Madhya Pradesh (MP) region. On average, there are 48 rainy days in the MP region and 39 rainy days in the RJ region of the Chambal basin. Fourteen drought years have been identified during the period spanning 34 years (1985–2018). 44% of basin area located in the MP region and 54% of basin area located in the RJ are found to be drought-prone. The Standardized Precipitation Index-based evaluation of drought characteristics indicated higher drought frequency in the RJ region varying between 1 in 3 years and 1 in 4 years and between 1 in 3 years and 1 in 5 years in the MP region, which has also been substantiated by the Relative Departure Index (RDI), namely average RDI for RJ (0.69) and MP (0.58). The understanding of the contrasts in rainfall and drought characteristics in upper reaches (MP region) and lower reaches (RJ region) of the Chambal basin will help in holistic management and sharing of water resources based on these contrasts and constraints.
Opposing Roles of Antimicrobial Peptides in Skin Cancers
Authors: Kiatsurayanon Chanisa , Peng Ge , Niyonsaba François
Published: October 2021

:

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also known as host defense peptides, are ubiquitous naturally occurring
molecules secreted by various cell types of the body. In the skin, AMPs serve as a first-line innate immune
defense against exogenous microorganisms, and they orchestrate adaptive immune responses to exert several
immunomodulatory functions. Emerging evidence indicates that AMPs not only contribute to certain inflammatory
skin diseases but also play a role in skin tumor carcinogenesis. Available data support the hypothesis that
AMPs possess both pro-tumor and anti-neoplastic properties. Although inconsistent observations reported by
multiple studies make it challenging to summarize the precise roles of AMPs in cancer, the differential expression
of AMPs in skin cancers, such as the increased expression of human beta-defensins in squamous cell carcinoma
and the ability of cathelicidin LL-37 to induce malignant melanoma cell invasion, implies they have procancer
activities. On the other hand, the observation that certain AMPs show cytotoxic activity against cancer
cells of the colon and kidney suggests their inherent antitumor properties. In this review, we describe the roles
and mechanisms of AMPs in skin cancer development. We believe that further research is needed to elucidate
the impact of these AMPs in skin cancer biology and to explore their potential roles as diagnostic/prognostic
biomarkers and as novel therapeutic targets.
Turismo e Desenvolvimento — Desafios à Comunicação Intercultural
Authors: Macedo Lurdes
Published: October 2021

De acordo com Duarte (2016), os discursos político e mediático associam o fenómeno do turismo ao facto de os cidadãos viajarem, independentemente do que eles vão fazer no destino para onde se deslocam e dos objetivos que pretendem alcançar. Portanto, deveremos questionar essa associação pela confusão que suscita, a partir da premissa de que imergir num outro mundo que não o nosso não corresponde linearmente à participação na indústria capitalista do turismo. Para tornar apetecível o conjunto de bens e de serviços com que organizam a sua oferta, os promotores da indústria turística operam modificações estratégicas no tecido do território, formatando os lugares e as suas gentes de acordo com as exigências da procura turística. É a partir desta dinâmica que inquiriremos a relação entre turismo e desenvolvimento, convocando os desafios que tal inquirição coloca à comunicação intercultural. Sugerem-se algumas pistas para ultrapassar as contradições entre turismo e desenvolvimento, sobretudo, a partir das possibilidades que nos são oferecidas pelas metodologias participativas e ativas. Daqui decorre uma conclusão que parece ser inevitável: mais do que promover as condições e de reunir os meios para o aumento da riqueza, o desenvolvimento deverá ser um debate amplamente participado sobre o futuro das sociedades.
Observatorio de comercio exterior e inversión extranjera de la Universidad de Otavalo; institución académica – investigativa en tiempos de Sars-Cov-2
Authors: Diaz Gispert Lidia Ines , Morocho Terán Yohana Elizabeth , Gonzalez Alonso Jesús , Valdospino Marcelo
Published: October 2021

Desde marzo del 2019, Ecuador enfrenta una de las crisis sanitarias y económicas más profundas de su historia, comprometiendo el cumplimiento de la Agenda 2030. Este nuevo escenario global, crea la necesidad en la academia de tomar medidas urgentes y evaluar sus impactos. La Universidad de Otavalo, ubicada en la sierra norte del Ecuador, región conocida internacionalmente por sus exportaciones de textiles y artesanías, actividades que poco a poco fueron tomando un desenvolvimiento creciente, sin una orientación legal, jurídica y profesional, pero que ahora están deprimidas; se propuso desde la óptica del perfeccionamiento de las funciones sustantivas de la educación superior, encontrar una alternativa viable para frenar el impacto económico de las pequeñas y medianas empresas, creando el Observatorio de Comercio Exterior e Inversión Extranjera, como centro académico - investigativo de expansión sostenible del conocimiento en tiempos de Sars-Cov-2, cuyo objetivo es la promoción de asesoría técnica y especializada a las Pymes otavaleñas de comercio y exportación. Se utilizó un diseño descriptivo no experimental, y una muestra estratificada de 704 personas. El cuestionario se validó a través de la técnica juicio de expertos y su fiabilidad mediante el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach fue 0,82. Los resultados afianzan al OCEI como un producto académico investigativo sobre temas de comercio internacional en un contexto de crisis sanitaria.
Размещение водорода в оксигидриде титана
Authors: Валеева А.А. , Гусев А.И.
Published: October 2021

Possible models of the arrangement of hydrogen atoms at the sites of the cubic lattice of titanium oxyhydride TiOyHp with vacancies in the metallic and nonmetallic sublattices are considered. It was found that titanium oxyhydride retains the B1 type crystal lattice of the initial cubic titanium monoxide TiOy and contains structural vacancies in the metal and oxygen sublattices. Comparison of the found analytical expressions for the intensity of diffraction reflections with experimental X-ray and neutron diffraction data showed that interstitial H atoms in oxyhydrides occupy vacant octahedral positions 4(b) of the oxygen sublattice. No displacement of H atoms in tetrahedral positions 8(c) is observed. A disorder-order phase transition channel associated with the formation of an ordered monoclinic titanium oxyhydride of the Ti5O5 type was found. The distribution functions of Ti, O, and H atoms in the partially ordered monoclinic oxyhydride Ti5.33O5.12H0.74 (Ti0.89O0.85H0.12) with a Ti5O5-type structure are calculated for the first time, and the concentrations of these atoms at the positions of its lattice were found.
Динамическая восприимчивость нанокомпозита пористое стекло/Ga-In-Sn в области сверхпроводимости
Authors: Шевцова О.Д. , Лихолетова М.В. , Чарная Е.В. , Шевченко Е.В. , Кумзеров Ю.А. , Фокин А.В.
Published: October 2021

Interest to studies of gallium alloys increased recently in relation to their prospective applications for self-healing superconducting connections and wires. Special attention is focused on superconductive properties of nanostructured alloys. In the present work we studied the ac susceptibility of a porous glass/Ga-In-Sn nanocomposite within the temperature range from 1.9 to 8 K at bias fields up to 5 T. Two superconducting phase transitions were revealed with temperatures of 5.6 and 3.1 K. Phase diagrams were created. Positive curvature of the parts of critical lines was demonstrated and treated within the framework of a proximity effect model. Vortex activation barriers were found from shifts of the maxima of the imaginary parts of susceptibility with changing the ac frequency. A bend was shown on the field dependence of the activation barriers.
Структурные и электронные свойства нового соединения SrOs-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=--=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-
Authors: Агзамова П.А. , Стрельцов С.В.
Published: October 2021

It was shown theoretically that a new material SrOs2O6 can exist; the crystal structure of SrOs2O6 is formed by the layers of OsO6 octahedra having common edges and forming a honeycomb type lattice. The structural and electronic properties of SrOs2O6 were investigated by the first-principal calculations. An antiferromagnetic structure was found to be energetically favorable for the studied compound.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Leaves of Eichhornia Crassipes and its Effect on Fish Infecting Pathogens
Authors: Nithiyasoundari Dr. M.
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Owing to the increasing importance of aquaculture to replace the progressive reduction of farmed fish due to the increase of bacterial infections. The present study aimed to develop more environmental friendly biological compound to control the bacterial infections. The antibacterial activity was performed with aqueous plant extract and the silver nanoparticles from the leaves of Eichhornia crassipes. The characterization of the silver nanoparticles were done by using UV-Spectrophotometer, FTIR and TEM. Fish infecting pathogens were isolated and taken from various parts of the infected C.batrachus. In this study, the bacterial strains of A.hydrophila, P.aeruginosa, V.cholerae and E.tarda were used. The antibacterial activity was done with the use of Agar well Diffusion method. Keywords: Aqueous plant extract, silver nanoparticles, UV, FTIR, TEM and Antibacterial activity
Stresses & Strains in Plate Girder with Different Bracing Systems under Combination of Loadings
Authors: Rajput Harsh Raj
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Lateral buckling is one of the most important factors in the design of steel plate girder. This buckling in the girder can be controlled by many methods. The most popular method is to add the intermediate bracing systems along the length of girder. The unsafely designed intermediate bracing systems can easily lead to serious consequences in the construction stage due to lateral buckling by torsion which happens rapidly and suddenly when the internal force in girder exceeds the ultimate value. Reversely, if the intermediate bracing systems are designed excessively, their specific stiffness will be larger than the required one then it is very costly in both material and installing process In the present study different types of torsional bracing systems are used in twin plate girder of span 8m. As the behavior of plate girders with different type of bracing system changes differently along the length and depth. Changing the layout of bracing systems could also make the design easy and more economical. Keywords: Cross-frame Bracings, Horizontal Bracings, Plate Girder, Finite Element Analysis
Socio-Economic Survey: A Case Study of Village Bagda Doran District Dehradun, Uttrakhand
Authors: Kirti Prof.
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Socioeconomics is the field of study that examines social and economic factors to better understand how the combination of both influences something. Here is the report on the socioeconomic status of a small village which is situated on a hill near tourist spot Sahstaradhara. Socioeconomic study of villages is mainly for understanding the present condition of villages regarding the lifestyle, education status, health status, water hazards, food scarcity and overall development of rural areas. People of such areas are totally dependent on their shops which are in Sahastradhara. Apart from this, the people of the village are little engaged in primary activites like agriculture and forestry. Keywords: Field survey, Sex Ratio, Litteracy Rate, LPG
A Review on the Impact of Quantum Computing on Blockchain Technology
Authors: Shrestha Roman B.
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Blockchain is a promising revolutionary technology and is scalable for countless applications. The use of mathematically complex algorithms and hashes secure a blockchain from the risk of potential attacks and forgery. Advanced quantum computing algorithms like Shor’s and Grover’s are at the heart of breaking many known asymmetric cyphers and pose a severe threat to blockchain systems. Although a fully functional quantum computer capable of performing these attacks might not be developed until the next decade or century, we need to rethink designing the blockchain resistant to these threats. This paper discusses the potential impacts of quantum computing on blockchain technology and suggests remedies for making blockchain technology more secure and resistant to such technological advances. Keywords: Quantum Computing, Blockchain, Shor’s Algorithm, Grover’s Algorithm, Cryptography
Seismic Analysis of Twin Tower Structures
Authors: Nagar Shruti
Published: October 2021

Abstract: In today's world, new concepts for skyscraper construction are required to mitigate the negative effects of seismic and wind forces. Since the world's most populous cities are experiencing land shortage, in this area tall buildings act as very important roles in modern cities. Due to the speedy increase in population and reduction in accessibility of land, vertical accommodation is obtaining a lot of preference which is resulting in vertical town development. Nowadays tall buildings rise higher and higher, with more and more complex and individual plan and elevation, such as multi-tower buildings. The multi-tower buildings refer to two or more towers connected with one large podium or conjunction parts at different levels. It is well known that the podium and conjunction parts shall be designed very carefully to meet the internal force and thedeformation between towers. Nowadays, when building multistory building, height is not the only pursuit. More unique forms are in trend to show the rich connotation and vitality of buildings. Connected twin tower structures conform to these requirements, and many connected structures in different forms have been or are being built in recent years. In present research work considering effects of influencing parameters like the height of the tower, connection with podium and depth of podium with two parallel towers (Twin-Tower). The main objective of this study is to analyze twin tower structure G+4 podium+25 floor building using linear dynamic earthquake analysis. We have considered four models with different combinations of twin tower with podium to achieve desirable results in terms of story drift, displacement and base shear under seismic forces for seismic zone IV and medium type of soil using Response Spectrum Analysis with the help of ETABS v19 software. Keyword: Twin Tower Structure, Podium, Etabs Software Packages.
A Systematic Review of the Literature on Customer Analytics to Predict Dynamic Purchase behavior of Consumers through Credit Cards
Authors: Jain Suvigya
Published: October 2021

Abstract: The Credit card industry is flooded with customer data and also their diversified purchasing behavior. These multifariousness analysis helps different industry to maximize revenue through data and to identify right cluster of audience based on the products and services they offer. To analyse this data efficiently and erect efficient co-relation and streamline process execution, expertise in customer segmentation specifically through customer analytics, is required. This domain of analytics uses a wide variety of concepts related to data mining, Passive and active data collection, Media planning, Regression analysis, Customer based corporate-valuation, Market-structure, Probability Models, Optimization, visualization and Implementation of model spreadsheet for predictions on data set. Moreover, customer analytics is the subset of a larger range of business analytics techniques used for better statistical and predictive analysis to transform and make smarter, data-driven business decisions. Keywords: Regression analysis, Market-structure, Optimization, Business analytics, Model spreadsheet.
Establishing failure patterns of a Belt Conveyor System configuration
Authors: Ogunmilua Olutayo Opeyemi
Published: October 2021

Abstract: The conveyor belt is one of the most operational critical equipment’s in the mining industry, they are mostly used in the transportation of crushed materials from the crushing station to where there’ll be further processed. Due to the increasing complexity of belt conveyor systems, managing their integrity has become even more difficult, as they are now used across various industries, environments and carry materials of different weight variations, leaving them susceptible to failures (1). This paper provides an industry specific knowledge on belt conveyor systems, their respective components, and how they are configured using fault tree analysis to predict the different branches of event that can contribute to the failure of a belt conveyor system. The use of fault tree analysis sheds more light on how cascading failures can occur, where the failure of one component leads to the failure of the overall system. (2) Keywords: RCFA, FMEA Opex, FTA, Capex, Eca, Ttf, Ttr.
GENDER AND LANGUAGE: GENDER IMPLICATIONS IN PROVERBS (THE KARTVELIAN CASE)
Authors:   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Jgharkava Giorgi
Published: October 2021

Gender studies have been remarkably popular among the representatives of different scientific fields in recent times. These topics appear to interest Sociolinguistics, Culturology, Anthropology and other neighboring disciplines besides Linguistics itself. Studying proverbs of the peoples all over the world as one of the perfect mediums for observing and comparing different cultures, is crucial in many respects. Studying proverbs from Gender perspective do not represent an exception. Highlighting and accentuating gender aspects contained in proverbs becomes particularly important while talking about cultures that are rich with masculine or feminine tendencies. Proverbs can be considered as an important medium for the representation of the stereotypes existed in any society, since they are the reflection of the knowledge and experience accumulated over the centuries within the culture. Human wisdom and the system of perspectives concentrated in proverbs determine the core nature of a certain culture. Thus, the structural-semantic analysis of proverbs demarcates the general picture built upon the common beliefs, viewpoints and global perspectives of a certain society.
Comprehensive Study of Wave and Lithodynamic Processes in the Coastal Area of the Village of Morskoye (Eastern Crimea)
Authors: Kharitonova L. V. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Sevastopol, Russia, Alekseev D. V. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Sevastopol, Russia, Fomin V. V. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

Wind waves can have a significant impact on the coastal infrastructure. The paper aims at a comprehensive study of regional characteristics of wind waves near the village of Morskoye (south-eastern coast of Crimea), which are necessary to develop a project of reconstruction of the highway adjacent to the coastal area. Space images and cartographic information were used to study the beach dynamics in the studied area. It is shown that before construction of the coast protection structures the beach width in the studied area was 25–30 m, whereas after the construction it narrowed down to 15–25 m. Based on the wind wave reanalysis data obtained using SWAN spectral model and ERA-Interim surface wind fields for 1979–2017, regime characteristics of waves in the coastal zone of Morskoye were calculated. It was found that waves with average periods of 3.0–3.5 s have the maximum recurrence (over 16 %). Wind waves coming from SE-SSE sector have the highest recurrence rate. Estimates were obtained for the extreme characteristics of wind waves that may occur once in a given number of years. The SWASH hydrodynamic model was used to perform mathematical modelling of wave run-up on the coastal area. In their calculations the authors used a regular grid of the coastal relief with high spatial resolution based on the interpolation of topo-geodetic and bathymetric survey results. An incoming wave was given as a soliton of 2.0; 3.0 and 3.4 m high. It was found that with the incoming wave height of 2.0 m, the vertical wave splash in the studied area varies within 1.7–2.2 m. At a height of 3.4 m, the splash reaches 1.8–2.9 m. In this case the beach is flooded completely. During the run-up, wave current velocity amounts up to 5 m/s. Along the lower boundary of the cliff the bottom maximum current velocity reaches 1.5–1.75 m/s. At such velocities near the cliff, the beach consisting of material with the grain size up to 60–90 mm can be eroded.
Metamorphization of Bottom Sediments under Uncontrolled Discharge of Waste Waters into the Litoral Zone of the Herakleisky Peninsula (Crimea)
Authors:   Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS, Sevastopol, Russia, Orekhova N. A. , Ovsyany E. I. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS, Sevastopol, Russia
Published: October 2021

Based on the data of field research performed in 2015, the authors studied characteristics of bottom sediments in the area of a deepwater sewage collector of “Yuzhnye” Integrated Sewage Treatment Plant and transformation of bottom sediments resulted from a longterm anthropogenic impact. The data were obtained by standard methods of geochemical analysis. It is established that the bottom sediments in the wastewater discharge area of “Yuzhnye” Integrated Sewage Treatment Plant are represented by rudaceous and coarsegrained fractions. These are mineral particles formed both as a result of coastal abrasion and in the process of accumulation and diagenesis (shell rock, detrital sand) of bottom sediments. In terms of their size distribution and chemical composition they differed significantly from the sediments formed under natural conditions. These were mostly unconsolidated water-saturated sediments with low carbonate content, high organic carbon and moisture content and signs (impurities, consistency, odour) characteristic of municipal sewage sludge. It is noted that the accumulation level of anthropogenic organic carbon is comparable to that of organic matter in the bottom sediments of Sevastopol region bays characterized by limited water exchange and subject to long-term anthropogenic pollution. Exceeding the previously established critical organic carbon levels in the soft soils of the Black Sea (Corg ≥ 2.5 %) results in destructive changes in ecosystems: it has a negative impact on benthos sharply changing its structural characteristics (abundance, biomass, total species richness) with restructuring of its dominant species structure.
Restoration of Salinity in the Sivash Bay to Natural Levels after the Closure of the North Crimean Canal
Authors: Eremina E. S. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Sevastopol, Russia
Published: October 2021

The paper analyzes the salinity dynamics in the Sivash Bay after the closure of the NorthCrimean based on the data from field research carried out by MHI RAS in 2014–2020. Recent field data are compared with the literature data obtained in the period before the commissioning of the North Crimean Canal. Salinity in water samples taken during 18 expeditions to the Eastern and Southern Sivash at over 100 stations was determined using the refractometric method. It was shown that after the closure of the North Crimean Canal in 2014, there was a steep increase in salinity in the Eastern and Southern Sivash. It was determined that in the area of the Sivash Bay, the haline field changes non-uniformly. The data analysis showed that salinity increases from north to south (from the Eastern to Southern Sivash), moreover salinity values in the Southern Sivash can be several times higher than those in the Eastern Sivash. In spring 2014, salinity in the Eastern Sivash varied from 27 to 33 ‰, and in 2020, 6 years after the closure of the Canal, salinity increased significantly at all stations reaching 60–70 ‰. These values are comparable to those obtained before the start of the Canal in the 1950s. The highest salinity values were observed in the South Sivash: in 2013, it was 54 ‰ and in summer 2020, for the first time since the North Crimean Canal became operational, it reached 110 ‰, which almost corresponds to the salinity level observed in 1969.
Calculation of Hydrophysical Fields with Assimilation of Observational Data in the Northern Part of the Black Sea in Autumn 2016
Authors: Evstigneeva N. A. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Sevastopol, Russia
Published: October 2021

The paper analyzes the results of calculation of the circulation and thermohaline water structure based on a three-dimensional nonlinear hydrodynamic model and hydrological data from a survey, carried out in the northern part of the Black Sea in autumn 2016. We used a high spatial resolution (horizontal grid ~1.6 × 1.6 km and 27 vertical layers) model and realistic atmospheric forcing. The assimilation procedure of observational data was based on a modified Kalman filter taking into account the heterogeneity and anisotropy of estimation error of the temperature and salinity fields. The calculated fields of currents were characterized by eddies and jet currents. The following circulation features were observed in the northern part of the Black Sea: an intense jet of the Black Sea Rim Current along the Crimean coast, anticyclonic eddies with a radius of about 30 km near Sevastopol and in the western part of the region, a cyclonic eddy with a radius of about 40 km between 34.5 and 35.5 E, anticyclonic eddies with a radius of about 25 km along the Crimean coast. Eddy formations of different scales and different signs of rotation were obtained (in the Kalamitsky Bay, in the eastern part and along the eastern coast of the Crimea), when the current flowed around irregularities of the coastline and the bottom relief in the coastal zone. The correlation between the formation of zones of lower and higher temperature relative to adjacent waters and the location of features in the field of current (in particular, the correspondence of zones with warmer desalinated water to the anticyclonic formations) was noted from the analysis of the reconstructed thermohaline fields.
Thermodynamics of Molybdenum Trioxide Encapsulated in Zeolite Y
Authors: Zhang Xianghui , Strzelecki Andrew , Cockreham Cody , Goncharov Vitaliy , Li Houqian , Sun Junming , Sun Hui , Guo Xiaofeng , Xu Hongwu , Ha Su , Wang Baodong , Wang Yong , Wu Di
Published: October 2021

Zeolites with encapsulated transition metal species are extensively
applied in the chemical industry as heterogenous catalysts for favorable
kinetic pathways. To elucidate the energetic insights into formation of
subnano-sized molybdenum trioxide (MoO)
encapsulated/confined in zeolite Y (FAU) from constituent oxides, we
performed a systematic experimental thermodynamic study using high
temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry as the major tool.
Specifically, the formation enthalpy of each MoO/FAU is
less endothermic than corresponding zeolite Y, suggesting enhanced
thermodynamic stability. As Si/Al ratio increases, the enthalpies of
formation of MoO/FAU with identical loading (5 Mo-wt%)
tend to be less endothermic, ranging from 61.1 ± 1.8 (Si/Al = 2.9) to
32.8 ± 1.4 kJ/mol TO (Si/Al = 45.6). Coupled with
spectroscopic, structural and morphological characterizations, we
revealed intricate energetics of MoO – zeolite Y guest
– host interactions likely determined by the subtle redox and/or phase
evolutions of encapsulated MoO.
Farmed fish welfare, with insight into the situation in Serbia
Authors: Relic Renata , Markovic Zoran
Published: October 2021

Fish are the most commonly cultivated vertebrates in the world. They respond to stress like other vertebrates, and they can feel pain, fear and suffering. These facts are the basis for considering their welfare. The question of formal protection of fish welfare is becoming more relevant with the significant development of aquaculture in the last few decades. However, fish welfare protection is encountering difficulties. Like many terrestrial farm animals, farmed fish are often subjected to poor living conditions and cruelty. Harvesting, transport, and stunning and killing are the most significant welfare issues. This review describes some of the most important procedures that compromise animal welfare during fish farming and the negative effects these procedures have on the fish. It also gives a brief overview of the situation in Serbia in terms of research into fish welfare, public attitudes on this issue, and the state of legislation. Data presented in this paper indicate the need for more effective protection of fish welfare in the legal and executive aspects.
Genetic Engineering between Promises and Dilemmas: A Philosophical Debate?
Authors: Oliveira Mateus Miguel
Published: October 2021

Human genetic engineering can be considered as one of the great transformations brought about by the discoveries of genetics. The possibility of modifying the human genome or carrying out investigations and changes in the hereditary genetic heritage, reveals, simultaneously, promises and dilemmas that go beyond private life, affecting Human Rights. So, based on conflicts of interest related to genetic manipulation techniques, philosophy was sought, especially with the theoretical contribution of Michael Sandel, through a brief bibliographic review, the justifications about support or opposition in proceeding with engineering. Genetics, aiming to understand the positions and interests, to find the best ethical answer to this ambivalence.