bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome and physiological analysis of increase in drought stress tolerance by melatonin in tomato
Authors: Yang Lu , Bu Sijia , Zhao Shengxue , Wang Ning , Xiao Jiaxin , He Feng , Zhang Xiaoping , Wan Fengying , Kang Lin
Published: September 2021

Drought stress seriously affects tomato growth, yield and quality. Previous reports have pointed out that melatonin (MT) can alleviate drought stress damage to tomato. To better understand the possible physiological and molecular mechanisms, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and leaf transcriptome profiles were analyzed in the “Micro Tom” tomato cultivar with or without melatonin irrigation under normal and drought conditions. Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) simulated continuous drought treatment reduced plant height, but melatonin treatment improved plant growth rate. Physiological parameter measurements revealed that the drought-induced decreases in maximum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, the effective quantum yield of PSII, electron transfer rate, and photochemical quenching value caused by PEG6000 treatment were alleviated by melatonin treatment, which suggests a protective effect of melatonin on PSII. Comparative transcriptome analysis identified 447, 3982, 4526 and 3258 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the comparative groups plus-melatonin vs. minus-melatonin (no drought), drought vs. no drought (minus-melatonin), drought vs. no drought (melatonin) and plus-melatonin vs. minus-melatonin (drought), respectively. Furthermore, 101 DEGs were common to these four comparative groups. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that DEGs in the four comparative groups were involved in multiple metabolic processes and closely related to hormone signal transduction and transcription factors. These results provide new insights into a probable mechanism of the melatonin-induced protection of photosynthesis and enhancement of drought tolerance in tomato plants.
Emergency-Department Initiated Buprenorphine: Impact on Quality of Life Factors
Authors: Carroll Caleb , Hand Delissa , Covington Whitney , Rodgers Joel , Walter Lauren A.
Published: September 2021

Background: Emergency department (ED)-initiated medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) have emerged as an effective strategy against the opioid epidemic. Opioid use disorder (OUD) patients engaged in ED-initiated MOUD programs have higher retention in treatment programs and improved outcomes with regard to overdose rates and mortality. It is unclear however, how engagement in ED-initiated MOUD programs might affect quality of life (QoL). We sought to describe demographic characteristics and QoL factors reported by patients engaged in ED-initiated MOUD and referral services. Methods: An ED MOUD-initiation program was launched in July 2019, with subsequent referral to definitive services. Enrolled patients were interviewed at intake, 3-months, and 6-months to ascertain QoL indices via the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) measures. Descriptive statistics and Fisher’s Exact were utilized to assess the data. Results: Through 12/2020, 89 participants were enrolled. The majority were white (85.4%), male (61.8%), and between the ages of 25-44 (75.3%). To-date, 31 participants (43.7% eligible) have completed 3-month follow-up and 28 (45.2% eligible) have competed 6-month follow-up. With regards to assessed QoL factors, over half demonstrated significant improvement, including 5 of 7 psychosocial factors, to include satisfaction with personal relationships, QoL self-rating, satisfaction with personal health, energy for everyday life, and satisfaction with self (p <.05). Financial needs met was the only objective QoL factor to demonstrate significant improvement during the follow-up time period. While not significant, homelessness also decreased, specifically 14 (15.7%) identified as homeless at intake as compared to one (3.7%) at 6-month follow-up. Additional trends toward decreased violence exposure and increased employment rates were also noted.Conclusions: In addition to decreasing illicit opioid drug use, maintenance of ED-initiated MOUD may positively impact broad QoL measures.
Correlation between Spatial Fractal and Temporal Chaos During the Sliding Wear Process of AISI 5120 Steel
Authors: Ding Cong , Zhou Zhenyu , Piao Zhongyu
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this paper is to establish the relationship between surface morphology and friction coefficient in the wear process. Different wear stage tests of AISI 52100 ring sliding against AISI 5120 disc were designed and conducted on a rotating setup. The fractal and chaos theories were employed to study the nonlinear features of surface structure and friction signal from spatial and temporal scales. The results showed that 3D surface morphology has fractal nature. The fractal dimension Ds first increased and then stabilized at a maximum and finally decreases dramatically. The multifractal spectrum width Δα presented an contrary evolution trend. The friction coefficient signal has chaotic nature. The standard deviation of distance matrix STD obeyed the evolution rule of a bathtub curve. The correlation value between Ds and STD was − 0.7727, and the correlation value between Δα and STD was 0.7130. The strong correlation between spatial and temporal scales is beneficial to on-line recognition and prediction of wear states in real time.
Association Between Awareness of Basic Public Health Services And Vaccination Rates Among Migrants In China: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Jun , Zhu Jingmin , Bai Yang , Wang Xueyao , Che Yue , Liu Jue
Published: September 2021

Cross-sectional studies about association between awareness of basic public health services and vaccination rates among migrants were lacking. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between awareness of the BPHSs project and vaccination rates among the migrants in China. We included 10013 respondents aged 15 years old or above of eight provinces from 2017 Migrant Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey in China, a nationwide cross-sectional study. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess the association between awareness of basic public health services and vaccination rates. Among 10013 migrants, 76.48% were aware of the BPHSs project. Female, the middle-aged, married or having a relationship, the highly educated and the healthy population had higher awareness of this project than others. Multivariable logistic regressions showed that there were significant associations between the awareness of BPHSs project and vaccination rates of eight recommended vaccines (all p values <0.001), including HepA vaccine (OR: 1.54, 95%CI: 1.38-1.73), FIn vaccine (OR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.13-1.44), JE vaccine (OR: 1.33, 95%CI: 1.14-1.54), TIG vaccine (OR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.11-1.48), HepB vaccine (OR: 1.11, 95%CI: 1.01-1.22), DTaP vaccine (OR: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.05-1.43), MPSV vaccine (OR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.08-1.51), HF vaccine (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.03-1.70), except for JE vaccine. The results were robust in the sensitivity analysis. There was a strong relationship between the awareness rate of BPHSs project in the migrants and vaccination. Our findings indicated that the promotion of basic public health services had a beneficial effect on the national recommended vaccination coverage, especially for the migrants with relatively low vaccine coverage.
Compositional differences between preterm milk of different gestational ages with the term milk: a comparative lipidomic study by LC-MS/MS
Authors: Zhao Ying-chun , Zhang Ying , Liu Chun-xue , Yan Dong-yong , Dong Ping
Published: September 2021

Background

Studies are beginning to emerge on the important biological effects of the milk lipids exerted on the recipient infant, especially on the premature infants. The aim of this study was to comprehensively describe lipidomic differences between preterm milk of different gestational ages with the term milk over the course of lactation.
Methods

Breast milk samples were collected from 88 mothers giving birth prematurely and 39 mothers delivering at full-term (FT). Lipid profiles were assessed using an LC-MS/MS metabolomics strategy. Orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and pathway analysis were subsequently performed.
Results

The OPLS-DA score plots significantly distinguished the lipids in preterm milk of different gestation ages from their counterparts in term milk. The concentrations of 10 out of 43 lipid subclasses were found to be persistently higher in preterm compared to term milk over the course of lactation; the diacylglycerol (DAG) and a bioactive subclass fatty acid ester of hydroxyl fatty acid (FAHFA) contributed the most to the differences. In terms of individual lipid species, the ten highest substances found in very preterm (VPT) colostrum compared to FT colostrum mainly come from the phosphatidylethanolamine class and the DAG species. Lipid species from the free fatty acid and FAHFA classes were significantly higher in either extremely preterm (EPT) or VPT mature milk (variable importance in projection > 1, P < 0.0001 for all). The differential lipids between each preterm group and its term counterpart were predicted to be mainly involved in six metabolic pathways, including glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism.
Conclusions

The lipids in preterm and term milk showed substantial differences, which may be critical for postnatal growth, as well as the neural and immune development of newborns, especially EPT and VPT.
Whole-body MRI Evaluation in Neurofibromatosis type 1 Patients Younger than 3 Years Old and the Genetic Contribution to Disease Progression
Authors: Kang Eungu , Kim Yoon-Myung , Choi Yunha , Lee Yena , Kim JunYoung , Choi In Hee , Yoo Han-Wook , Yoon Hee Mang , lee beomhee
Published: September 2021

Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common human genetic disease with age-dependent phenotype progression. The overview of clinical and radiological findings evaluated by whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) in NF1 patients <3 years old assessed with a genetic contribution to disease progression is presented herein.Methods: This study included 70 clinically or genetically diagnosed NF1 patients who received WBMRI before 3 years old. Clinical, genetic, and radiologic features were collected by retrospective chart review. In NF1+, widely spread diffuse cutaneous neurofibromas, developmental delay, autism, seizure, cardiac abnormalities, hearing defect, optic pathway glioma, severe plexiform neurofibromas (>3 cm in diameter, disfigurement, accompanying pain, bony destruction, or located para-aortic area), brain tumors, nerve root tumors, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, moyamoya disease, and bony dysplasia were included.Results: The age at WBMRI was 1.6 ± 0.7 years old, and NF1 mutations were found in 66 patients (94.3%). Focal areas of signal intensity (FASI) were the most common WBMRI finding (66.1%), followed by optic pathway glioma (15.7%), spine dural ectasia (12.9%), and plexiform neurofibromas (10.0%). Plexiform neurofibromas and NF1+ were more prevalent in familial case (28.7% vs 5.7%, p = 0.030; 71.4% vs 30.2%, p = 0.011). Follow-up WBMRI was conducted in 42 patients (23 girls and 19 boys) after 1.21 ± 0.50 years. FASI and radiologic progression were more frequent in patients with mutations involving GTPase activating protein-related domain (77.8% vs 52.4%, p = 0.047; 46.2% vs 7.7%, p = 0.029).Conclusions: WBMRI provides important information for the clinical care for young pediatric NF1 patients. As NF1 progresses in even these young patients, and is related to family history and the affected NF1 domains, serial evaluation with WBMRI should be assessed based on the clinical and genetic features for the patients’ best care.
Predictors of Long-term Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Survivors
Authors: Dugar Siddharth , Sato Ryota , Joshi Hari Om , Han Xiaozhen , Wang Xiaofeng , Zochios Vasileios , Lanspa Michael , Duggal Abhijit
Published: September 2021

Background: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction develops frequently in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and is associated with short-term mortality. However, the incidence of long-term RV dysfunction and risk factor associated with it in ARDS survivors remains unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of long-term RV dysfunction in ARDS survivors.
Method: This is a single-center retrospective cohort study including adult patients with ARDS admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) at Cleveland Clinic between 1/1/2010–12/31/2017. We included patients with ARDS, who had echocardiography performed within 72 hours of MICU admission, survived 90 days from onset of ARDS with post-discharge echocardiography performed between 30-365 days after hospital discharge. RV dysfunction was defined based on the American Society of Echocardiography guidelines.
Results: Of the 689 patients who were admitted to Cleveland Clinic for ARDS during the study period, 67 (14.07%) patients met the study criteria. A total of 34 patients (50. 7%) had RV dysfunction on post-discharge echocardiogram. In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, the incidence of long-term RV dysfunction was associated only with RVEDA/LVEDA [odds ratio (OR): 589, 95% confidence interval (CI): 71.17-48,400, p=0.005].
Conclusion: More than half of ARDS survivors had developed long-term RV dysfunction at post-discharge echocardiogram. Increased ratio of right-to-left ventricular end-diastolic area (RVEDA/LVEDA) ratio during ARDS was the significantly associated with development of long-term RV dysfunction in ARDS survivors.
Trial registration: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Committee of Cleveland Clinic (IRB#19-1200) .
Relationship Between Insulin Resistance and Endometrial Cancer: Determination of Key Genes and Pathways
Authors: Ding Dou-Dou , Zhou Quan , He Ze , He Hong-Xia , Zuo Man-Zhen
Published: September 2021

Introduction:Epidemiological studies have found that the occurrence of endometrial cancer(EC) is closely related to metabolic diseases, and insulin resistance (IR) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of endometrium, but the specific pathogenesis is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to reveal the relationship between insulin resistance and endothelial cells by gene screening technology. Material and methods:We analyzed one endometrial carcinoma database (GSE106191) and one insulin-resistant database (GSE63992), with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and Venny online analysis tool, then, we found an add-up to 148 different genes. Functional enrichment analysis of these genes using DAVID showed that they were participated in transcription factor activity,signaling pathways and response to factors, etc. Then used cytoHubba in Cytoscape,we got 25 hub genes.Results: The results showed that the survival time of OGT, IGSF3, TRO, NEURL2 and PIK3C2B was significantly and closely related to EC, and the percentage of gene changes of five central genes ranged from 3% to 10% of a single gene, was also related to the infiltration of seven kinds of immune cells in endometrial carcinoma.Conclusion:The five key genes (OGT,IGSF3, PIK3C2B,TRO and NEURL2) are involved in immune infiltration in the progression of endometrial carcinoma, and there is also a certain mutation probability in gene mutation. This may be the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and endometrial cancer.
The transcriptome analysis of Escherichia coli responding to tellurite
Authors: Hu Sushu , Peng Wanli , Lin Shuangjun , Deng Zixin , LIANG Rubing
Published: September 2021

Tellurite is a strong antimicrobial agent highly toxic to many microorganisms, while its toxicity mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the comparative transcriptome analysis of E. coli MG1655 responding to the stress of tellurite was performed and the differentially transcribed genes were analyzed, to understand toxicity mechanisms of tellurite preliminaryly and uncover metabolism processes changes resulted from tellurite globally. After treated with 10 µg/mL tellurite for 1 h, high concentration and long time, the cells exhibited an obvious adaptive reaction and many metabolic processes were influenced. The transcription of the genes involved in the ribosome metabolism and the flagella assembly were changed significantly, implying they might be the major pathway affected by tellurite. The transcription of the genes encoding the transcriptional factors and small RNAs, and the genes functioned in the cell motility, metal ion metabolism and membrane function were also varied, which may participate in the metabolism adjustment and damage repair to resist the toxicity of tellurite. This work can facilitate the study of the toxicity mechanism of tellurite and promote the clinical application of this chemical.
Does a Third Model for the Vomeronasal Processing of Information Exist? Insights from the Macropodid Neuroanatomy
Authors: TORRES Mateo V. , ORTIZ-LEAL Irene , VILLAMAYOR Paula R. , FERREIRO Andrea , ROIS José Luis , Sanchez-Quinteiro Pablo
Published: September 2021

The study of the α-subunit of Gi2 and Go proteins in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) was crucial for the identification of the two main families of vomeronasal receptors, V1R and V2R. Both families are expressed in the rodent and lagomorph AOBs, according to a segregated model characterized by topographical anteroposterior zonation. Many mammal species have suffered from the deterioration of the Gαo pathway and are categorized as belonging to the uniform model. This scenario has been complicated by characterization of the AOB in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii, which appears to follow a third model of vomeronasal organization featuring exclusive Gαo protein expression, referred to as the intermediate model, which has not yet been replicated in any other species. Our morphofunctional study of the vomeronasal system (VNS) in Bennett’s wallaby, Macropus rufogriseus, provides further information regarding this third model of vomeronasal transduction.A comprehensive histological, lectin, and immunohistochemical study of the Bennett’s wallaby VNS was performed. Anti-Gαo and anti-Gαi2 antibodies were particularly useful because they labeled the transduction cascade of V2R and V1R receptors, respectively. Both G proteins showed canonical immunohistochemical labeling in the vomeronasal organ and the AOB, consistent with the anterior-posterior zonation of the segregated model. The lectin Ulex europaeus agglutinin selectively labeled the anterior AOB, providing additional evidence for the segregation of vomeronasal information in the wallaby.Overall, the VNS of the Bennett’s wallaby shows a degree of differentiation and histochemical and neurochemical diversity comparable to species with greater VNS development, which does not support the existence of a third “intermediate” type of vomeronasal information processing.
Dermal macrophages set pain sensitivity by modulating tissue NGF levels through SNX25–Nrf2 signaling
Authors: Tanaka Tatsuhide , Okuda Hiroaki , Terada Yuki , Isonishi Ayami , Kitabatake Masahiro , Shinjo Takeaki , Nishimura Kazuya , Takemura Shoko , Furue Hidemasa , Tatsumi Kouko , Wanaka Akio
Published: September 2021

Crosstalk between peripheral neurons and immune cells plays important roles in pain sensation. We identified sorting nexin 25 (Snx25) as a pain-modulating gene in a transgenic mouse line with reduced pain behavior. Snx25 conditional-KO (cKO) in monocyte/macrophage-lineage cells but not in the peripheral sensory neurons reduced pain responses in both normal and neuropathic conditions. Cross transplantation experiments of bone marrows between cKO and wild type (WT) mice revealed that cKO macrophages caused dull phenotype in WT mice and WT macrophages in turn increased pain behavior in cKO mice. SNX25 in dermal macrophages enhances NGF (one of the key factors in pain sensation) production by inhibiting ubiquitin-mediated degradation of Nrf2, a transcription factor that activates Ngf mRNA synthesis. We conclude that dermal macrophages set pain sensitivity by producing and secreting NGF into the dermis in addition to their host defense functions.
Determinants of Birth Asphyxia Among Newborns in Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia: a Case-control Study
Authors: Tegegnework Sisay Shine , Gebre Yeshfanos Tekola , Ahmed Sindew Mahmud , Tewachew Abrham Shitaw
Published: September 2021

Background: Birth asphyxia is the major public health problem in the world. It is estimated that around 23% of all newborn deaths are caused by birth asphyxia worldwide. Birth asphyxia is the top three causes of newborn deaths in sub-Saharan Africa and more than one-third of deaths in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify determinants of birth asphyxia which can play a crucial role to decrease the death of newborns.Methods: Unmatched case-control study design was implemented among 276 (92 cases and 184 controls) newborns from January 1st to March 30th, 2020. A systematic sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected by using a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and document review by trained nurses and midwives who work at the delivery ward of the hospitals. Bivariate logistic regression analysis was done to identify determinants of birth asphyxia. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and p-value less than 0.05 were used to assess the level of significance. Results: In this study, maternal education of being can’t read & write [AOR = 4.7, 95% CI: (1.2, 11.9)], ante-partum hemorrhage [AOR = 7.7, 95% CI: (1.5, 18.5)], prolonged labor [AOR =13.5, 95% CI: (2.0, 19.4)], meconium stained amniotic fluid [AOR = 11.3, 95% CI: (2.7, 39.5)], breech fetal presentation [AOR = 4.5, 95% CI: (2.0, 8.4)] and preterm birth [AOR: 4.1, 95% CI: (1.8, 9.2)] were factors which showed significantly associated with birth asphyxia among newborns.Conclusions: In this study, maternal education can’t read & write, antepartum hemorrhage, prolonged labour, stained amniotic fluid, breech fetal presentation, preterm birth were significantly associated with birth asphyxia. So, educating mothers to have continuous follow-up during the pregnancy period and provide quality care to the women in labour through close monitoring of the fetus presentation were recommended to reduce birth asphyxia.
Short-Term Cryopreservation and Thawing have Minimal Effects on Plasmodium Falciparum Ex Vivo Invasion Profile
Authors: Thiam Laty G. , Ansah Felix , Niang Makhtar , Awandare Gordon , Aniweh Yaw
Published: September 2021

Ex vivo phenotyping of P. falciparum erythrocyte invasion diversity is important in the identification and down selection of potential malaria vaccine targets. However, due to the lack of appropriate laboratory facilities in remote areas of endemic countries, direct processing of P. falciparum clinical isolates is usually not feasible. Here, we investigated the combined effect of short-term cryopreservation and thawing processes on the ex vivo invasion phenotypes of P. falciparum isolates. Ex-vivo or in vitro invasion phenotyping assays were performed with P. falciparum clinical isolates prior to or following culture adaptation, respectively. All isolates were genotyped at Day 0 for parasite clonality. Subsequently, isolates that were successfully culture-adapted were genotyped again at Days 7, 15, 21, and 28-post adaptation. Invasion phenotyping assays were performed in isogenic isolates revived at different time points (3, 6, and 12 months) post-cryopreservation and the resulting data were compared to that from ex-vivo invasion data of matched isogenic parental isolates. Our findings indicate that natural P. falciparum infections mostly occur as polyclonal infections. We also show that short-term culture adaptation selects for parasite clonality and could be a driving force for variation in invasion phenotypes as compared to ex vivo data where almost all parasite clones of a given isolate are present. Interestingly, our data show little variation in the parasites’ invasion phenotype following short-term cryopreservation. Altogether, our data suggest that short-term cryopreservation of uncultured P. falciparum clinical isolates is a reliable mechanism for storing parasites for future use.
Predictive Factors for Postoperative Renal Function After Off-Clamp, Non-Renorrhaphy Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Nakamura Masaki , Kameyama Shuji , Teshima Taro , Inoue Yasushi , Yoshimatsu Tadashi , Ambe Yoshiki , Shirakawa Norihide , Inatsu Hiroki , Amakawa Ryo , Imai Shunsuke , Kusakabe Masashi , Morikawa Teppei , Shiga Yoshiyuki
Published: September 2021

Background: There is limited information on perioperative renal function during off-clamp, non-renorrhaphy open partial nephrectomy.Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the chronological postoperative changes in renal function after off-clamp, non-renorrhaphy open partial nephrectomy.Methods: Clinical records of 138 patients with renal tumors who underwent off-clamp, non-renorrhaphy open partial nephrectomy at our institution were reviewed. Off-clamp, non-renorrhaphy partial nephrectomy were performed using a soft coagulation system. Perioperativeestimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) preservation was calculated, and predictors were identified using multivariate regression analysis at 5 days, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery.Results: The median operation time was 122 minutes, and the median volume of estimated blood loss was155 mL. The mean eGFR preservation at 5 days, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery was 95.3%, 91.0%, and 90.7%, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that estimated blood loss was an independent predictor of perioperative eGFR preservation at 5 days and 1 month after surgery, while age was an independent predictor of perioperative eGFR preservation at 3months after surgery.Conclusion: Chronological changes in renal function after off-clamp, non-renorrhaphy open partial nephrectomy have been reported.Ourresults could bea reference in the era of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.
Increased Phosphatase Regenerating Liver -1 Trigger Vascular Remodeling in Injured Ovary Via Platelet-derived Growth Factor Signaling Pathway
Authors: Park Hyeri , Seok Jin , You Jun Hyeong , Kim Jae Yeon , Lim Ja-Yun , Kim Gi Jin
Published: September 2021

Background: Vascular abnormalities in the ovary cause infertility accompanied by ovarian insufficiency due to a microenvironment of barren ovarian tissues. placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs, Naïve) treatment in ovarian dysfunction shows angiogenic effect, however, the therapeutic mechanism between ovarian function and vascular remodeling still unclear. Therefore, we examined whether by phosphatase regenerating liver -1 (PRL-1), which is correlated with angiogenesis in reproductive systems, overexpressed PD-MSCs could maximize the angiogenic effects in an ovarian tissues injured of rat model with partial ovariectomy and their therapeutic mechanism by enhanced vascular function via PDGF signaling.Methods: PD-MSCsPRL-1 (PRL-1) were generated by nonviral AMAXA gene delivery system and analyzed the vascular remodeling and follicular development in ovary. One week after Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats ovariectomy, Naïve and PRL-1 was transplanted. The animals were sacrificed at 1, 3 and 5 weeks after transplantation and vascular remodeling and follicular development were analyzed. Also, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and ovarian explantation culture were performed to prove the specific effects and mechanism of PRL-1.Results: Vascular structures in ovarian tissues (e.g., number of vessels, thickness and lumen area) showed changes in the Naïve and PRL-1-overexpressed PD-MSC (PRL-1) transplantation (Tx) groups compared to the nontransplantation (NTx) group. Especially, PRL-1 induce to increase the expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), which plays a role in vascular remodeling as well as follicular development, compared to the NTx. Also, the expression of genes related to pericyte and vascular permeability in arteries was significantly enhanced in the PRL-1 compared to the NTx (p<0.05). PRL-1 enhanced the vascular formation and permeability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via activated the PDGF signaling pathway.Conclusions: Our results show that PRL-1 restored ovarian function by enhanced vascular function via PDGF signaling pathway. These findings offer new insight into the effects of functionally enhanced stem cell therapy for reproductive systems and should provide new avenues to develop more efficient therapies in degenerative medicine.
Optimal combined anteversion pattern for obtaining a wider range of motion without prosthetic impingement after total hip arthroplasty: a three-dimensional analysis study
Authors: Hidaka Ryo , Matsuda Kenta , Nakamura Masaki , Nakamura Shigeru , Kawano Hirotaka
Published: September 2021

Background
Obtaining a larger theoretical range of motion (ROM) is crucial to avoid prosthetic impingement after total hip arthroplasty (THA); however, no reports have examined the permissible range values of combined anteversion (CA) satisfying targeted ROM without prosthetic impingement. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the possible postoperative CA extent that would allow meeting target ROM criteria according to Yoshimine’s theory using computed tomography (CT)-based three-dimensional motion analysis after THA.
Methods
This study included 114 patients (133 hips) who underwent cementless primary THA using a CT-based navigation system and implants (oscillation angle ≥ 135°). Implant positions were determined using Yoshimine's CA formula. Postoperative evaluation was conducted using a three-dimensional templating software for CT data. The postoperative Yoshimine’s and Widmer’s CA was calculated, and the difference between the target and postoperative values was defined as the error of Yoshimine’s CA and Widmer’s CA. Prosthetic ROM was assessed by Yoshimine’s stringent criteria for activities of daily living. Based on fulfilling these criteria, all patients were divided into the ROM (+) and ROM (-) groups. Evaluation items were compared between the two groups.
Results
There were 111 and 22 hips in the ROM (+) and ROM (-) groups, respectively. A significant difference was noted in the absolute error of Yoshimine’s and Widmer’s CA between the two groups. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, threshold values of 6.0 (higher values indicate greater disability; sensitivity 90.9%, specificity 72.1%) for the absolute Yoshimine’s CA difference (area under the curve [AUC] 0.87, P < 0.01) and 6.9 (higher values indicate greater disability; sensitivity 68.2%, specificity 88.3%) for the absolute Widmer’s CA difference (AUC 0.83, P < 0.01) were predictors in the ROM (-) group.
Conclusions
The target range of Yoshimine’s CA (90.8°±6.0°) and Widmer’s CA values (37.3°±6.9°) was crucial in implant orientation for obtaining theoretical ROM without prosthetic impingement after THA.
Association of miR-1251-5p/miR-6892-5p Expression With Clinicopathological Factors in Premenopausal Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Bin , Liu Yang , Wang Fei , Zhang Yu , Gan Lu
Published: September 2021

Background

This study is aim to profile the differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) of premenopausal endometrial cancer (EC), identify their target genes and understand their roles in carcinogenesis.
Methods

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on 3 premenopausal EC and 3 premenopausal normal endometrial tissues. Selection of candidate miRNAs and subsequent validation were performed by qRT-PCR on 20 premenopausal EC, 30 premenopausal normal endometrial and 40 postmenopausal EC samples. The relationship between DEMs and clinical characteristics was analyzed. Moreover, bioinformatic software programs and databases were applied to predict miRNA target genes, molecular functions, and signaling pathways.
Results

136 upregulated and 131 downregulated DEMs were identified. The expression of miR-1251-5p was highly upregulated in premenopausal EC samples compared with premenopausal normal endometrial samples and significantly downregulated compared with postmenopausal EC samples. The expression of miR-6892-5p was highly upregulated in premenopausal EC samples compared with premenopausal normal endometrial samples and postmenopausal EC samples. In the premenopausal EC group, miR-1251-5p expression was closely correlated with menarche age, number of pregnancies, tumor grading, myometrial infiltration and lymph node metastasis; miR-6892-5p expression was closely correlated with BMI, hypertension, tumor grading, and metastasis.
Conclusions

miR-1251-5p and miR-6892-5p may play important roles in tumorigenesis progression of premenopausal EC.
Strategi Promosi UPT Perpustakaan UMM pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Puspitasari Dian
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic caused university libraries to adopt policies restricting small and large-scale activities, including UPT UMM Library. The outbreak required UPT UMM Library to change the routine of library services in normal time by adjusting library services during the pandemic. Therefore, it requires a strategic library promotion. Methodology: The study employed descriptive method with qualitative approach. Data analysis techniques used Cresswell's descriptive qualitative analysis model. Results: The result showed that promotional strategy conducted UMM Library during the Covid-19 pandemic are to create library programs consisting of user education, information literacy classes, seminars and book reviews. In addition, in collaboration with FPPTI of East Java and also FPPTMA, UMM Library created "myUMM Library" which communicates and serves library users though social medias. Conclusion: As a result, the impact generated by the library promotion strategy during the pandemic has significant increase in digital visits and digital access.
Outer Membrane Vesicles of Bordetella pertussis Encapsulated into Sodium Alginate Nanoparticles as Novel Vaccine Delivery System
Authors: Rami Abbas , Kazemi-Lomedasht Fatemeh , Mirjalili Ali , Noofeli Mojtaba , Shahcheraghi Fereshteh , Dounighi Naser M.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) release from Gram-negative bacteria and are interesting
alternatives that can replace those vaccines that contain naturally incorporated bacterial surface antigens,
lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and outer membrane proteins (OMPs). Nanoparticles can be used to encapsulate vesicles
for slow release and prevent macromolecular degradation.

Objective:

Therefore, encapsulation of OMVs of B. pertussis into sodium alginate nanoparticles was the main
aim of the current study.

Methods:

The OMVs of B. pertussis extracted and characterized by particle sizer, electron microscopy,
SDSPAGE and Western blot assays. The extracted OMVs were encapsulated in sodium alginate nanoparticles
(OMV-NP) using unique gelation process and injected into BALB/c mice. Immunogenicity indices such as different
classes of antibodies and interleukins related to different T cell lines were evaluated in immunized mice
by ELISA. The respiratory challenge was evaluated in the groups of mice. The existence of pertussis toxin
(PTX), filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) and PRN (pertactin) in B. pertussis OMVs was verified using SDSPAGE
and Western blot analysis.

Results:

TEM electron microscopy showed the size of these OMVs to be around 20-80 nm. The OMVs with
appropriate quality were encapsulated into sodium alginate nanoparticles (OMV-NP), and the final size was
about 500 nm after encapsulation. Immunity indices were significantly higher in the OMV-NP receiving group.
In challenge tests, the OMV-NP vaccine was able to show the highest rate of lung clearance compared to the
control groups (OMV and wPV) at the lowest injection dose.

Conclusion:

The results indicate the potential of OMV-NP as a novel vaccine delivery system.
Bacteriocins: Recent Advances in its Application as an Antimicrobial
Alternative
Authors: Fathizadeh Hadis , Pakdel Farzaneh , Saffari Mahmood , Esmaeili Davoud , Heravi Mansooreh Momen , Dao Sounkalo , Ganbarov Khudaverdi , Kafil Hossein Samadi
Published: September 2021

:

Due to the emergence and development of antibiotic resistance in the treatment of bacterial infections, efforts to discover new antimicrobial agents have increased. One of these antimicrobial agents is a compound produced by a large number of bacteria called bacteriocin. Bacteriocins are small ribosomal polypeptides that can exert their antibacterial effects against bacteria close to their producer strain or even non-closely-relatedstrains. Adequate knowledge of the structure and functional mechanisms of bacteriocins and their spectrum of activity, as well as knowledge of the mechanisms of possible resistance to these compounds, will lead to further development of their use as an alternative to antibiotics. Furthermore, most bacteria that live in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) have the ability to produce bacteriocins, which spread throughout the GIT. Despite antimicrobial studies in vitro, our knowledge of bacteriocins in the GIT and the migration of these bacteriocins from the epithelial barrier is low. Hence, in this study, we reviewed general information about bacteriocins, such as classification, mechanism of action and resistance, emphasizing their presence, stability, and spectrum of activity in the GIT.
Rational Design and Evaluation of the Recombinant Multiepitope Protein
for Serodiagnosis of Rubella
Authors: Souza Marilen , Machado Juliana , da Silva Jonatas , Ramos Luana , Nogueira Lais , Ribeiro Patrícia , Dias Daniel , Santos Josiane , Santos José Carlos , Nóbrega Yanna , Souza Amanda , Freitas Sonia , da Paz Mariana Campos , Felipe Maria , Torres Fernando , Galdino Alexsandro
Published: September 2021

Background:

Rubella is an infection caused by rubella virus (RV) and is generally regarded as a mild childhood disease. The disease continues to be of public health importance mainly because when the infection is acquired during early pregnancy, it often results in fetal abnormalities, which are classified as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). An accurate diagnosis of rubella is thus of pivotal importance for proper treatment.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to produce a recombinant multiepitope protein (rMERUB) for the diagnosis of rubella, based on conserved immunodominant epitopes of glycoprotein E1 and E2.

Methods:

A synthetic gene was designed and cloned into vector pET21a with a 6xHis tag at the C-terminal for affinity purification and overexpressed in Escherichia coli cells. Biophysical analysis of rMERUB was performed by circular dichroism. Biological activity was assessed using an in-house ELISA assay.

Results:

Expression in Escherichia coli showed a ~22 kDa protein that was purified and used to per-form structural assays and an IgG ELISA. Structural analyses reveal that rMERUB has a β leaf pattern that promotes the exposure of epitopes, thus allowing antibody recognition. Evaluation of 33 samples (22=positive; 11=negative) was performed using in-house ELISA and this was compared with a com-mercial kit. The sensitivity was 100% (95% CI: 85-100) and specificity 90.91% (95% CI: 62-99). Excellent agreement (Kappa index = 0.9) was obtained between ELISA assays.

Conclusions:

The careful choice of epitopes and the high epitope density, coupled with simple-step purification, pinpoints rMERUB as a promising alternative for rubella diagnosis, with potential for the development of a diagnostic kit.
A Review on Preclinical Models of Ischemic Stroke: Insights Into the
Pathomechanisms and New Treatment Strategies
Authors: Singh Aditya A. , Kharwar Akash , Dandekar Manoj P.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Stroke is a serious neurovascular problem and the leading cause of disability and death worldwide. The disrupted demand to supply ratio of blood and glucose during cerebral ischemia develops hypoxic shock, and subsequently necrotic neuronal death in the affected regions. Multiple causal factors like age, sex, race, genetics, diet, and lifestyle play an important role in the occurrence as well as
progression of post-stroke deleterious events. These biological and environmental factors may be
contributed to vasculature variable architecture and abnormal neuronal activity. Since recombinant tissue
plasminogen activator is the only clinically effective clot bursting drug, there is a huge unmet medical
need for newer therapies for the treatment of stroke. Innumerous therapeutic interventions have shown
promise in the experimental models of stroke but failed to translate it into clinical counterparts.

Methods:

Original publications regarding pathophysiology, preclinical experimental models, new targets
and therapies targeting ischemic stroke have been reviewed since the 1970s.

Results:

We highlighted the critical underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral stroke and
preclinical stroke models. We discuss the strengths and caveats of widely used ischemic stroke models,
and commented on the potential translational problems. We also describe the new emerging treatment
strategies, including stem cell therapy, neurotrophic factors and gut microbiome-based therapy for the
management of post-stroke consequences.

Results :

We highlighted the critical underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral stroke and
preclinical stroke models. We discuss the strengths and caveats of widely used ischemic stroke models,
and commented on the potential translational problems. We also describe the new emerging treatment
strategies, including stem cell therapy, neurotrophic factors and gut microbiome-based therapy for the
management of post-stroke consequences.

Conclusion:

There are still many inter-linked pathophysiological alterations with regards to stroke, animal
models need not necessarily mimic the same conditions of stroke pathology and newer targets and
therapies are the need of the hour in stroke research.
Treatment of Circadian Rhythm Sleep–Wake Disorders
Authors: Sun Shi-Yu , Chen Gui-Hai
Published: September 2021

:

Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders (CRSWDs) are a distinct class of sleep disorders
caused by alterations to the circadian time-keeping system, its entrainment mechanisms, or a mismatch
between the endogenous circadian rhythm and the external environment. The main clinical
manifestations are insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness that often lead to clinically meaningful
distress or cause mental, physical, social, occupational, educational, or other functional impairment.
CRSWDs are easily mistaken for insomnia or early waking up, resulting in inappropriate
treatment. CRSWDs can be roughly divided into two categories, namely, intrinsic CRSWDs, in
which sleep disturbances are caused by alterations to the endogenous circadian rhythm system due
to chronic changes in the regulation or capture mechanism of the biological clock, and extrinsic circadian
rhythm sleep-wake disorders, in which sleep disorders, such as jet lag or shift-work disorder,
result from environmental changes that cause a mismatch between sleep-wakefulness times and internal
circadian rhythms. Sleep diaries, actigraphy, and determination of day and night phase markers
(dim light melatonin onset and core body temperature minimum) have all become routine diagnostic
methods for CRSWDs. Common treatments for CRSWD currently include sleep health education,
time therapy, light therapy, melatonin, and hypnotic drug therapy. Here, we review the progress
in the epidemiology, etiology, diagnostic evaluation, diagnostic criteria, and treatment of intrinsic
CRSWD, with emphasis on the latter, in the hope of bolstering the clinical diagnosis and
treatment of CRSWDs.
Computed Tomography-guided Percutaneous Drainage of Pneumomediastinum
in a Newborn: A Case Report
Authors: Rzayev Turkay , Ozdemir Hulya , Soydemir Efe , Gucyetmez Safak , Kiyan Gursu , Memisoglu Asli , Bilgen Hulya , Ozek Eren
Published: September 2021

Background:

Neonatal pneumomediastinum is seen in 2.5 per 1000 live births and is
mostly managed conservatively. An intervention is essential in cases with tension pneumomediastinum.
Ultrasonography-guided (USG-guided) relief of pneumomediastinum has been reported in
newborns. There are no reported cases of computed tomography-guided (CT-guided) drainage of
pneumomediastinum in neonates.

Case Presentation:

A newborn girl born at 34 weeks of gestation was intubated due to respiratory
distress and received intratracheal surfactant treatment. Pneumomediastinum was detected at the chest
X-ray on the 6th postnatal hour. On the second postnatal day, the patient's oxygen needs increased,
tachypnea and subcostal retractions recurred, so it was decided to intervene. USG-guided
drainage of the pneumomediastinum was attempted twice but was unsuccessful. Percutaneous drainage
with CT guidance was performed successfully.

Conclusion:

This report aims to emphasize that CT-guided intervention of pneumomediastinum
can be an effective alternative in a newborn if USG-guided intervention fails.
Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Potential to Treat Organ
Disorders; An Emerging Strategy
Authors: Ahani-Nahayati Milad , Niazi Vahid , Moradi Alireza , Pourjabbar Bahareh , Roozafzoon Reza , Keshel Saeed Heidari , Baradaran-Rafii Alireza
Published: September 2021

:

Currently, Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs) have attracted growing attention
in the context of cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine. Following the first successful procurement
of human MSCs from Bone Marrow (BM), these cells isolation has been conducted from various
origins, in particular, the Umbilical Cord (UC). Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal
Stem/Stromal Cells (UC-MSCs) can be acquired by a non-invasive plan and simply cultured, and
thereby signifies their superiority over MSCs derived from other sources for medical purposes.
Due to their unique attributes, including self-renewal, multipotency, and accessibility concomitant
with their immunosuppressive competence and lower ethical concerns, UC-MSCs therapy is described
as encouraging therapeutic options in cell-based therapies. Regardless of their unique aptitude
to adjust inflammatory response during tissue recovery and delivering solid milieu for tissue
restoration, UC-MSCs can be differentiated into a diverse spectrum of adult cells (e.g., osteoblast,
chondrocyte, type II alveolar, hepatocyte, and cardiomyocyte). Interestingly, they demonstrate a
prolonged survival and longer telomeres compared with MSCs derived from other sources, suggesting
that UC-MSCs are desired source to use in regenerative medicine. In the present review, we deliver
a brief review of UC-MSCs isolation, expansion concomitantly with immunosuppressive activities,
and try to collect and discuss recent pre-clinical and clinical researches based on the use of
UC-MSCs in regenerative medicine, focusing on with special focus on in vivo researches.