bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Timothy Cladosporium Eyespot on Photosynthesis and Biomass
Authors: Yang Bo , Li Yan zhong
Published: May 2022

Timothy is a forage mainly grown in Min County, Gansu Province, China. An outbreak of a leaf spot disease infecting timothy grass occurred in Min County in 2020. Therefore, this study investigated the disease incidence in Min County and neighboring counties, and isolated the disease-causing pathogen for morphological and molecular characterization. To precisely diagnose its effects on timothy grass, the growth, photosynthesis, and biomass of timothy seedlings inoculated with the isolated pathogen were investigated. The young lesions were ellipsoidal-fusiform with dark purple margins and an off-white center, while the mature lesions were eye-shaped spots with a light brown center and dark purple edges. The disease incidence was 100 and 85% on plants, and leaves, respectively. Morphological and molecular characterization identified the pathogen as Cladosporium phlei. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, fresh shoot weight, and dry shoot weight of timothy seedlings after 14 days of inoculation with the pathogen were decreased by 29.77, 56, 45.45, and 46.42%, respectively. This indicates that cladosporium eyespot disease is an important timothy grass disease in Min County and its environs. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an integrated control strategy to lessen the economic loss.
A Comparative evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of 1% Nano-silver spray and Silver-sulfadiazine cream in burn ward of Imam Reza hospital in Brigand, Iran from 2019 to 2020: A prospective study
Authors: najmadini mohsen , shafaei ebrahim , ghasemian mohamad reza , salehinia hamid
Published: May 2022

Back ground: Burns are one of the major public health problems in the world. Burn injuries have caused a significant increase in mortality rate, infections, pain, pruritus and burning sensation as the most common burn complications. Meanwhile, the use of effective topical antibiotics with less need of multiple dressing with equal or higher effectiveness compare to conventional dressings can reduce drug resistance and treatment costs and provide more convenience for medical staff and patients. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 1%silver sulfadiazine cream and silver nano spray in terms of time length of hospitalization, wound size, rate of positive wound culture, severity of pain, burning sensation and itching in patients with grade 2 and 3 heat burns below 20%. Methods: This trial clinical controlled(case-control) triple blind study was performed by simple random sampling method for 12 months on 66 patients with grade 2 and 3 heat burn under 20%, admitted in burn ward of Imam Reza Hospital in Birjand. The instruments used were:10-point pain scale score, visual analog scale score, Betsen Jensen checklist and burn wound culture. Burn wounds dressing in a group were treated with 1% silver sulfadiazine cream daily and in another group with nano-silver spray once every 3 days. Wounds were measured for size on arrival and 7th day with Betsen Jensen checklist assessment and were checked for positive wound culture in firs,3th and 6th days. The patients were evaluated for time length of hospitalization and severity of pain, burning and itching sensation every other day. Paired t-test, chi-square and ANONA with repeated measurement and SPSS software ver.18 were used to analyze the data. p < 0.05 considered as significant Results: Our research showed that there was no significant difference in rate of positive wound culture (p = 1), (t = 0), mean wound size (p = 0.1), mean time length of hospitalization (p = 0.22) and mean score of: pain severity (p = 0.69), burning sensation (p = 0.95) and itching (p = 0.56) were detected between 1% silver sulfadiazine cream and nano silver spray (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this research, our hypothesis of being difference between 1% silver sulfadiazine cream and nano-silver spray in rate of hospitalization length time, wound culture, size of burn wound and the severity of pain, burning sensation and itching rejected and the practical effectiveness of two drugs was equal. due to facility usage of nano-silver spray and also lower cost, it can be a good alternative to silver sulfadiazine cream. Trial registration: This study was the result of research with ethics code IR.BUMS.REC.1399.089
Comparison of Inter-Rater Reliability Techniques in Performance-Based Assessment
Authors: ARSLAN MANCAR Sinem , GÜLLEROĞLU Hamide Deniz
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study is to analyse the importance of the number of raters and compare the results obtained by techniques based on Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Generalizability (G) Theory. The Kappa and Krippendorff alpha techniques based on CTT were used to determine the inter-rater reliability. In this descriptive research data consists of twenty individual investigation performance reports prepared by the learners of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IBDP) and also five raters who rated these reports. Raters used an analytical rubric developed by the International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO) as a scoring tool. The results of the CTT study show that Kappa and Krippendorff alpha statistical techniques failed to provide information about the sources of the errors causing incompatibility in the criteria. The studies based on G Theory provided comprehensive data about the sources of the errors and increasing the number of raters would also increase the reliability of the values. However, the raters raised the idea that it is important to develop descriptors in the criteria in the rubric.
Onion genotypes Red Cereole, followed by Katarina Red 3 and Katarina Red 7 are superior with respect to post harvest quality parameters
Authors: Arya Jagdish S , Singh Narendra , Singh Harvinder , Kant Anil
Published: May 2022

Onion bulbs of long-day genotypes, viz. Red Cereole, Katarina Red 3, Katarina Red 7, Supreme, Cyrus, Lock Roy, Legend, Wall Brown, Brown Spanish, and a local cultivar were stored for 50, 100, and 150 days in a controlled atmosphere at 2± 1 °C and 75±1% relative humidity. The experiment was laid in a randomised block design with three replicates. Dry matter, TSS, hardiness of bulb, total sugar, non-reducing sugar, and reducing sugar loss in weight (%), rotating (%) sprouting (%), sprout length (cm), incident black mold (%), and marketable bulbs (%) were recorded throughout the storage period. In all genotypes, dry matter, TSS, total sugar, and non-reducing sugars, rotting (%) sprouting (%), sprout length (cm), and incidence of black mold increased gradually during storage. In contrast, hardiness/firmness of bulb, ascorbic acid, reducing sugar, physiological losses in weight, marketable bulbs decreased gradually during the storage period. Similar patterns of increase and decrease in all the observed traits were observed for all the genotypes. Furthermore, at the genotypic level, significant variation was observed in storage potential. The genotypes Red Cereole, Katarina Red 3, and Katarina Red 7 were superior to many of the post-harvest traits. They gave the highest marketable bulb at the end of storage. Therefore, it is concluded that onion genotypes Red Cereole, Katarina Red 3, and Katarina Red 7 have good storage potential that could be stored overwinter at high altitudes. Therefore, it is recommended to cultivate these onion genotypes for long-term storage in temperate regions
Integrated production systems in a Plinthosol: greenhouse gas emissions and soil quality
Authors: Araújo Maria Diana Melo , Souza Henrique Antunes de , Deon Diana Signor , Muniz Luciano Cavalcante , Costa Joaquim Bezerra , Souza Ivanderlete Marques de , Reis Victor Roberto Ribeiro , Brasil Elimilton Pereira , Pompeu Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco
Published: May 2022

Integrated systems (crops, livestock, and forest) are tools to avoid increases in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, such as CO2, CH4, and N2O. The objective of this study was to evaluate the GHG emissions and soil biological and chemical characteristics in an integrated system. The experiment was carried out in an area with crop-livestock-forest integration systems (CLFI), in Pindaré-Mirim, state of Maranhão, Brazil. The treatments consisted of maize (Zea mays) intercropped with forage (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandú) between eucalyptus trees (Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus tereticornis) (S1); maize intercropped with forage (Megathyrsus maximus cv. Massai) (S2); and degraded pasture areas with no soil or forage management for more than 14 years (S3), which was used as reference treatment. The experiment was conducted with four replications of four trenches for soil collection or four static chambers for gas flow assessments. The GHG emissions were collected by static chambers and analyzed by gas chromatography, and the soil quality was determined by chemical analysis. The interaction between GHG emissions and soil characteristics was assessed for each treatment, using multivariate analysis and PCA. The soil of the degraded pasture presented higher GHG emissions. The integrated systems presented negative methane fluxes, which denote their mitigating effect on GHG emissions. The CLFI system with eucalyptus and maize intercropped with U. brizantha cv. Marandú was the best option to improve the soil biological characteristics and mitigate GHG emissions. Crop-livestock-forest integration with Eucalyptus, maize, and U. brizantha cv. Marandú is indicated to improve soil biological characteristics and mitigate GHG emissions in the Amazonian region of the state of Maranhão, Brazil.
Water productivity in cultivating the cowpea under different production systems
Authors: Feitosa Erialdo de Oliveira , Lopes Fernando Bezerra , Andrade Eunice Maia de , Palácio Helba Araújo de Queiroz , Noronha Valéria Severo de , Pontes Nicole Sarah Carvalho
Published: May 2022

The increase in irrigated areas and the water crisis in numerous regions have encouraged the use of irrigation systems and management that afford greater efficiency in the use of water. Wastewater is one option for maximising this efficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the indicators of water productivity in the cultivation of irrigated cowpea under different production systems. The study was carried out in the experimental area of the Sewage Treatment Station (ETE) located in Tianguá, Ceará. The experiment consisted of six production systems (treatments) in subdivided plots distributed in a completely randomised design (CRD) with fifteen replications in a (2 x 3) factorial scheme, i.e. two sources of water and energy: drinking water + electricity from the electrical grid (conventional system) and wastewater + solar photovoltaic energy (alternative system), and the different sources of fertiliser (mineral and organic), in addition to the control treatments. The water productivity indicator that expresses the relationship between the yield of the crop and the volume of water applied was determined, and the index in economic terms between crop yield and the volume of water applied. The system using wastewater and organic fertiliser showed better water productivity, 0.422 kg m-3, while the system that used drinking water with no fertiliser showed less efficiency, 0.188 kg m-3. Water use efficiency in the systems that used wastewater was higher in relation to the systems that used drinking water. Irrigation with treated domestic effluent increases water productivity and water use efficiency, in addition to being a strategy for agricultural exploitation under conditions of water scarcity
Effect of various factors on rosmarinic acid content of water mint (Mentha aquatica)
Authors: Phuong Vi Nguyen Truong , Thanh Nhan Vo Thi , My Tram Pham Thi
Published: May 2022

Water mint (Mentha aquatica) is well-known as a popular herbal plant in Viet Nam. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a phenolic compound found in many genus of Mentha and has numerous biological activities. Its applications are wide from the food industry to cosmetics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different plant parts, drying, various solvent to sample ratios (1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, 1:60, and 1:70 (w/v)) and extraction temperature (30, 50, 70, and 90°C) on RA content of water mint. Ground materials of fresh and dried leaves, fresh and dried whole plants (each for 1 g) were extracted with water. The extraction was performed on magnetic stirrer. The extract was passed through filter paper retaining the clear solution for the quantitative and RA analysis. RA content was determined by using a spectrophotometer. The dried whole plants, a solvent to sample ratio of 1:50 (w/v), extraction temperature of 70°C, and extraction time of 30 minutes were the best conditions for RA content from water mint.
Akar ve Burakbey Yemlik Arpa Çeşitlerinin Ekim Sıklığının Araştırılması
Authors: BALABAN Murat , KODAŞ Recep , AKÇELİK Esra , KON Halil İbrahim Fırat , KARAÇAM Musa , GÜLER Safure , KÜLEN Seda
Published: May 2022

Doğru yetiştirme tekniği uygulamaları ile üreticiye ulaşan yeni geliştirilmiş çeşitler, hem verimin hem de gelirin artmasına katkı sağlayacaktır. Yeni geliştirilen çeşitlerin yetiştirme paketleri ile birlikte üretime sunulması ilerde ortaya çıkabilecek problemlerin giderilmesi bakımından önemlidir. Bu amaçla yeni tescil edilmiş olan iki sıralı Akar ve Burakbey yemlik arpa çeşitleri ekim sıklığı bakımından ayrı ayrı denemeye alınmıştır. Araştırma 2015-2016, 2016-2017 ve 2018-2019 üretim sezonunda Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü (TARM) Müdürlüğü, Gölbaşı/ İkizce Araştırma ve Uygulama Çiftliği’nde nadas tahıl sistemi içerisinde yürütülmüştür. Denemeler tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmada beş farklı tohum miktarı (300, 400, 500, 600 ve 700 adet tohum m-²) denenmiştir. Çeşitlerin verim ve verim öğeleri, kalite parametreleri yönünden optimum bitki sıklığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda Akar çeşidinde yüksek verim alabilmek için (430.30 kg da-1) gerekli olan tohum miktarının 700 tohum m-² olduğu ve ekonomik optimum tohum miktarının 569.57 tohum m-² olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Burakbey çeşidinde yüksek verim alabilmek için (531.21-546.13 kg da-1) gerekli olan tohum miktarının 600 ve 700 tohum m-² olduğu ve ekonomik optimum tohum miktarının 584.98 tohum m-² olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Uçucu Yağ Kalite Parametrelerinin Hasat Zamanı ve Lokasyona Göre Değişimi
Authors: ÇINAR Orçun , TOKGÖZ Haluk , GÖLÜKCÜ Muharrem , UYSAL BAYAR Fatma
Published: May 2022

Bitkisel ürünlerin üretiminde kaliteyi etkileyen birçok parametre bulunmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı biberiye bitkisinde uçucu yağı miktarı ve bazı kalite özelliklerinin bitkisel materyalin alındığı lokasyon ve hasat zamanına göre değişimini tespit etmektir. Çalışma kapsamında kullanılan materyaller doğal yetiştiriciliğinin yaygın olarak yapıldığı Akdeniz Bölgesi’nden üç farklı lokasyondan 12 ay boyunca birer aylık periyotlarla iki yıl süreyle (2018-2019) hasat edilmiştir. Hasat edilen örneklerde uçucu yağ miktarı, kırılma indisi, optikçe aktiflik ve özgül ağırlık analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ele alınan kalite parametreleri üzerinde lokasyon önemli etkiye sahip iken, hasat zamanı, uçucu yağ miktar ve optikçe aktiflik değeri üzerinde etkili olmuştur. Biberiyenin önemli kalite parametrelerinden birisi olan uçucu yağ bakımından, lokasyon bazında değerlendirme yapıldığında Adana-Karaisalı lokasyonu öne çıkmıştır. Hasat zamanına göre bir değerlendirme yapıldığında, uçucu yağ açısından en uygun hasat zamanının temmuz ayı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları biberiyenin değerlendirilmesinde lokasyon ve her bir lokasyon için uygun hasat zamanının belirlenmesinin yerinde olacağını göstermektedir.
Kaya Tuzu Ortamının Enjeksiyon Sıvısı Serbest Basınç Mukavemeti Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Araştırılması
Authors: ZAİMOĞLU Ahmet Şahin , AYIK KILIÇ Elif , ARTUK Fatih
Published: May 2022

Tünel inşaatı, ankraj ve benzeri arazi uygulamalarında enjeksiyon işlemi sırasında kaya tuzu ortamları ile karşılaşılması muhtemeldir. Bu tür ortamlarda, kaya tuzlarının enjeksiyon sıvısının serbest basınç mukavemeti üzerindeki etkileri literatürde kesin olarak belirtilmemiştir. Bu amaçla farklı su/çimento oranlarında (0.8-1.0-1.2 ve 1.4) hazırlanan enjeksiyon sıvıları ile silindirik numuneler (38mm x 76mm) üretilmiştir. Ayrıca kaya tuzu ortamlarında yapılan enjeksiyon uygulamalarında, bu ortamın enjeksiyon sıvısının mukavemeti üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek için silindirik şeffaf kalıplara (100mm x 200mm), Dr=%65 rölatif sıkılıkta granüler kaya tuzu yerleştirilmiştir. Daha sonra bu numunelere her bir su/çimento oranı için hazırlanan enjeksiyon sıvıları, özel bir düzenekle enjekte edilmiştir. Hazırlanan tüm numuneler 28 gün uygun hava ve su kürlerinde bekletildikten sonra serbest basınç mukavemetleri belirlenmiştir. Laboratuvarda yapılan deney sonuçlarına göre enjekte edilmiş kaya tuzu numunelerinde su küründe mukavemet elde edilemezken en yüksek serbest basınç mukavemeti hava küründe 0.8 su/çimento oranında 12.52 MPa olarak elde edilmiştir.
Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) familyasında DNA izolasyonu ve PCR optimizasyonu üzerine araştırmalar
Authors: ULAŞLI Başak , CAN CENGİZ Feza
Published: May 2022

Son yıllarda pek çok böcek grubuyla birlikte Lepidoptera takımında da türlerin teşhis edilmesinde moleküler çalışmalar artarak önem kazanmış ve karşılaştırmalı morfolojik sınıflandırmanın tamamlayıcısı olmuştur. Tüm dünyaya yayılmış ve kendi içinde beş alt familyaya bölünmüş Zygaenidae familyasının ülkemizde 54 türü bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’ndeki 31 lokasyondan toplanan 13 Zygaenidae türü kullanılarak DNA izolasyonu ve PCR analizlerinde optimizasyon çalışmaları yapılmıştır. DNA izolasyonu aşamasında “Qiagen DNeasy DNA izolasyon kiti” (QDNA) ve “Macherey Nagel Nucleospin DNA Insect kiti” (MN) kullanılmıştır. Zygaenidae familyası ile ilgili yapılacak çalışmalarda MN kitinin, QDNA kitinden daha etkili ve başarılı sonuç verdiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada nanodrop ölçüm sonuçlarının yol gösterici olmadığı görülmüştür. Gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalarda ise daha farklı DNA ölçüm tekniklerinin denenmesinin faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir. PCR analizlerinde ise iki farklı karışım, DreamTaq PCR karışımı ile primer ve laboratuvar koşullarına göre modifiye edilmiş PCR karışımı, denenmiştir. Ticari karışımın çok daha hızlı ve etkin sonuç verdiği ancak olanaklar doğrultusunda ihtiyaç duyulması halinde ise laboratuvarda oluşturulan karışımla da başarılı sonuçlar elde edilebileceği görülmüştür. Çalışmada kullanılan LCO1490/HCO2198 primer çiftinin Zygaenidae türlerinin tanılanması için uygun olduğu saptanmış ve analizlerde tür tanılamasında %92.7 oranında başarı elde edilmiştir
Stress strain state of double-layered ferrocement shells under the fire condition
Authors: Zhurtov A. V. , Khezhev T. A. , Khadzhishalapov G. N. , Kardanov A. A. , Shogentsukov M. A.
Published: May 2022

Objective. Development of a method for calculating the bearing capacity of twolayer reinforced cement shells for force and temperature effects in a fire. These structures consist of a fire-retardant layer made of vermiculite concrete, as well as a carrier layer of fine-grained concrete reinforced with mesh.

Method. The solution is carried out in a physically nonlinear formulation using the deformation theory of concrete plasticity by G.A. Geniev. In obtaining the resolving equations, the theory of shallow shells by V.Z. Vlasov is used. The physically nonlinear problem reduces to the sequential solution of elastic problems for a structure whose physicomechanical parameters are functions of the x, y, z coordinates. The solution is carried out by the finite element method in combination with the Newton-Raphson method. The dependence of the characteristics of construction materials on temperature is taken into account. The temperature field is assumed to be a function of only one z coordinate, and the finite difference method is used to determine it.

Result. the results of numerical simulation of full-scale experiments in a fire chamber for single-layer and two-layer shells are presented. Some deviations are revealed, caused on the one hand by inaccuracies of the experiment and errors of the theory on the other hand.

Conclusion. A significant influence of the boundary conditions on the process of deformation of the structure was found. When the support contour was fixed along x and y, a shell bend up was observed, which was consistent with experimental data, and in the case of a freely sliding support contour, the structural points moved exclusively downward. In general, the agreement between the results and experimental data is quite good, which allows us to use the methodology for calculating real structures.
Numerical study of the effect of individual racks in lenses on the operation of nonlinear lenticular membrane-pneumatic systems by the step method
Authors: Kim A. Yu. , Amoyan M. F. , Khapilin V. E.
Published: May 2022

Objective. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the methodology for static calculation of light coatings for large-span structures with lenticular membrane-pneumatic lenses, including racks at individual points of the span, using the step-iterative method of parameter increments.

Method. The study involves the phased application of the finite element method (FEM), the universal equation of state of gas and the improved Euler-Cauchy numerical procedure, taking into account the geometric nonlinearity of systems and the physical nonlinearity of the elastic work of air in lenses and taking into account the aftereffect of excess air pressure.

Result. A comparison is made in terms of rigidity and load-bearing capacity of membrane-pneumatic lenses, reinforced with individual posts, with the corresponding flexible membrane-pneumatic lenses of the classical type.

Conclusion. In the presence of racks, the effect of a significant increase in the rigidity and bearing capacity of lenticular membrane-pneumatic systems is observed for large spans. The distance between the posts along the building can be adjusted during the design and thereby regulate the effect of strengthening the system. The maximum deflections of the lenticular-shaped membrane-pneumatic system reinforced with struts are much less than the maximum deflections of the lenticular membrane-pneumatic system of the classical type under the action of the calculated snow load of the first and second limit states.
Application of numerical simulation for the modernization of the exhaust system of gas turbine engines
Authors: Boshchenko T. V. , Lebedev S. Yu. , Korolevskikh A. N.
Published: May 2022

Objective. The aim of the study is to modernize the design of the exhaust system of gas turbine engines (GTE) in order to reduce aerodynamic losses using numerical methods (CFD methods) for simulating the flow of exhaust gases.

Method. The directions of modernization were chosen by considering the pattern of the flow of exhaust gases (separated flow zones and vortex flows) in the exhaust system during numerical modeling (Computational Fluid Dynamics). The modernization of the exhaust system consists in profiling the axial diffuser and changing the design of the gas collector.

Result. The profiling of the axial diffuser was performed using numerical simulation methods. The design of the gas collector was changed based on the technical solution proposed by V.B. Yavkin. Numerical simulation of the flow of exhaust gases in the modernized exhaust device was performed. To evaluate the results of modernization in numerical models of the modernized design and prototype, the values of aerodynamic losses at the outlet of the axial diffuser and gas collector were determined.

Conclusion. CFD modeling made it possible to obtain data on the structure of the exhaust gas flow in the upgraded exhaust system, to see the pattern of the distribution of velocities and pressures. The results of the numerical experiment showed a decrease in pressure losses in the exhaust system by 11% relative to the prototype.
Evaluating the Efficacy of a Guided and Unguided Internet-Based Self-help Intervention for Chronic Loneliness: Protocol for a 3-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Seewer Noëmi , Skoko Andrej , Käll Anton , Andersson Gerhard , Luhmann Maike , Berger Thomas , Krieger Tobias
Published: May 2022

Background

Loneliness, or perceived social isolation, is prevalent in both the general population and clinical practice. Although loneliness has repeatedly been associated with mental and physical health, research on interventions that reduce loneliness effectively is still rather scarce.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a guided and an unguided version of the same internet-based cognitive behavioral self-help program for loneliness (SOLUS-D) for adults.

Methods

A total of 250 participants will be randomly assigned to 1 of 2 intervention groups (SOLUS-D with guidance or SOLUS-D without guidance) or a wait-list control group (2:2:1 allocation ratio). Adult participants experiencing high levels of loneliness will be recruited from the general population. Individuals currently experiencing at least moderately severe depressive symptoms, an ongoing severe substance use disorder, previous or current bipolar or psychotic disorder, or acute suicidality will be excluded from the trial. Assessments will take place at baseline, 5 weeks (midassessment), and 10 weeks (postassessment). The primary outcome is loneliness assessed using the 9-item University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale at the posttreatment time point. Secondary outcomes include depressive symptoms, symptoms of social anxiety, satisfaction with life, social network size, and variables assessing cognitive bias and social behavior. The maintenance of potentially achieved gains will be assessed and compared at 6 and 12 months after randomization in the 2 active conditions. Potential moderators and mediators will be tested exploratorily. Data will be analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis.

Results

Recruitment and data collection started in May 2021 and are expected to be completed by 2022, with the 12-month follow-up to be completed by 2023. As of the time of submission of the manuscript, 134 participants were randomized.

Conclusions

This 3-arm randomized controlled trial will add to the existing research on the efficacy of loneliness interventions. Furthermore, it will shed light on the role of human guidance in internet-based treatments for individuals with increased levels of loneliness and the possible mechanisms of change. If SOLUS-D proves effective, it could provide a low-threshold, cost-efficient method of helping and supporting individuals with increased levels of loneliness.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04655196; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04655196

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/36358
Valorization of Natural Cardio Trekking Trails Through Open Innovation for the Promotion of Sustainable Cross-generational Health-Oriented Tourism in the Connect2Move Project: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mayr Barbara , Beck Maximilian , Eisenberger Laura , Venek Verena , Kranzinger Christina , Menzl Andrea , Reich Bernhard , Hornung-Prähauser Veronika , Oberhoffer-Fritz Renate , Böhm Birgit , Niebauer Josef
Published: May 2022

Background

Hiking is one of the most popular forms of exercise in the alpine region. However, besides its health benefits, hiking is the alpine activity with the highest incidence of cardiac events. Most incidents occur due to overexertion or underestimation of the physiological strain of hiking.

Objective

This project will establish a standardized cardio trekking test trail to evaluate the exercise capacity of tourists within hiking areas and deliver a tool for the prevention of hiking-associated cardiac incidents. Further, individual exercise intensity for a hiking tour will be predicted and visualized in digital maps.

Methods

This cooperation study between Austria and Germany will first validate a 1-km outdoor cardio trekking test trail at 2 different study sites. Then, exercise intensity measures on 8-km hiking trails will be evaluated during hiking to estimate overall hiking intensity. A total of 144 healthy adults (aged >45 years) will perform a treadmill test in the laboratory and a 1-km hiking test outdoors. They will wear a portable spirometry device that measures gas exchange, as well as heart rate, walking speed, ventilation, GPS location, and altitude throughout the tests. Estimation models for exercise capacity based on measured parameters will be calculated.

Results

The project “Connect2Move” was funded in December 2019 by the European Regional Development Fund (INTERREG V-A Programme Austria-Bavaria – 2014-2020; Project Number AB296). “Connect2Move” started in January 2020 and runs until the end of June 2022. By the end of April 2022, 162 participants were tested in the laboratory, and of these, 144 were tested outdoors. The data analysis will be completed by the end of June 2022, and results are expected to be published by the end of 2022.

Conclusions

Individual prediction of exercise capacity in healthy individuals with interest in hiking aims at the prevention of hiking-associated cardiovascular events caused by overexertion. Integration of a mathematical equation into existing hiking apps will allow individual hiking route recommendations derived from individual performance on a standardized cardio trekking test trail.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrails.gov NCT05226806; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05226806

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/39038
Intervention in Older Urban-Dwelling Veterans With Dysmobility: Protocol for a Pilot Feasibility Clinical Trial
Authors: Robbins Ronna N , Serra Monica C , Kilpela Lisa S , Parker Elizabeth A , Jiwani Rozmin , Addison Odessa
Published: May 2022

Background

The majority of older veterans do not meet the minimum healthy diet or physical activity recommendations despite known benefits. Identifying ways to increase adherence to programs that improve dietary quality and physical activity may reduce the risk of disability in older veterans. Peer-based interventions may be one method for facilitating lasting behavior change because peers often share a common culture and knowledge regarding problems their community experiences.

Objective

This study aims to develop, pilot, and evaluate a theory-driven, 12-week, peer-led nutrition and exercise intervention that targets older veterans with dysmobility and assess its feasibility in 2 diverse urban areas with underrepresented populations.

Methods

Community-dwelling veterans aged >65 years with self-reported dysmobility (defined as difficulty in at least 1 of the following: walking quickly across a street, walking a mile, ascending a flight of stairs, rising from a chair without the use of arms, or a fear of falling) from 2 Department of Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinic Centers (Baltimore, Maryland, and San Antonio, Texas) will be eligible to participate. First, this study will use validated mixed methods via web-based surveys (n=50 per site) to assess potential physical, social or environmental, and behavioral or lifestyle barriers that affect physical activity and dietary quality (phase 1). Next, we will use knowledge gained from these assessments and feedback from a focus group (n=10 per site) to adapt established Department of Veterans Affairs diet and exercise program materials to develop peer-led intervention materials and train peer leaders (n=3 per site). Finally, we will determine the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention to assess reach (recruitment and retention), adoption (satisfaction, perceived utility, attendance, and engagement), and implementation (fidelity of intervention), as well as the estimated magnitude and potential impact on selected outcomes (ie, diet quality and mobility) in 20 older veterans with dysmobility (n=10 per site).

Results

The study was funded on January 1, 2022, with a projected data collection period of June 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023.

Conclusions

This study offers an innovative approach to identifying strategies that increase long-term adherence to lifestyle modification programs that improve dietary quality and physical activity in older veterans with dysmobility.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04994938; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04994938

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/39192
Peer Review of “Supporting Technologies for COVID-19 Prevention: Systemized Review” (Preprint)
Authors:   Anonymous
Published: May 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report related to ms#30344.
Authors’ Reply to: To Screen or Not to Screen? At Which BMI Cut Point? Comment on “Obesity and BMI Cut Points for Associated Comorbidities: Electronic Health Record Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Funk Luke , Liu Natalie
Published: May 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

N/A
KDIGO 2021 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Glomerular Diseases
Authors: Authors No
Published: May 2022

No abstract
UK Kidney Association Clinical Practice Guideline: Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) Inhibition in Adults with Kidney Disease
Authors: Authors No
Published: May 2022

No abstract
Method of Electrostatic Analogy
Authors: Levin Boris
Published: May 2022

It is considered the analysis method for electromagnetic fields and directional characteristics of antenna arrays consisting of parallel linear radiators based on the calculation of the electrostatic fields of charges located on parallel wires. It is demonstrated the advantage of using radiators with in-phase current distribution. It is shown that the application of radiators with in-phase current distribution allows to decrease the length of antenna array and to provide the high directivity in a wide frequency range. It is stated the task of optimization of considered arrays by methods of mathematical programming.
On Technological Progress: Analysing Ricardo’s Theory on Unemployment
Authors: Mukoka Shame
Published: May 2022

n/a
Fighting for Women Education: An Analysis of Novel “I am Malala”
Authors: Nasir Muhammad , Haryanti Rahayu Puji
Published: May 2022

The importance of education for a woman is to gain equality and avoid harassment, but rather to establish political power, although she must fight the authority and Taliban’s challenges. Education is the obligation and the right of human beings, even though there was the most vital challenge to fight.Through descriptive-analytical study and sociological approach, I portray Malala’s fighting for women’s education in her country. Then to find out and describe the elements of a sociology of literature because it focuses on human problems in the community.The results showed that education in this society, mainly among women, is often confined to the household and only minimally participates in the public domain and is vulnerable to violence, exploitation, and abuse during crises.The finding indicated that the role of women in this society and the oppression of women still exist. So, all the treatments and oppression against women identify by analyzing her famous work.
La relevancia de un enfoque de redes para la Administración Pública en el escenario público contemporáneo
Authors: Ramos Alderete José Luis
Published: May 2022

El artículo tiene como propósito visualizar aspectos de un enfoque de redes que favorecen el desempeño de la Administración Pública toda vez que puede permitirle una mejor adaptación a la nueva dinámica de interacción entre gobierno y sociedad basada en el uso generalizado de las TIC, así como flexibilizar sus procesos de gestión y el funcionamiento de sus estructuras orgánicas fuertemente influidas por modelos jerárquico-burocráticos. Se expone cómo el desarrollo tecnológico, el cambio social y político han transformado el contexto en el que actúa la Administración Pública modificando las formas de relación entre gobierno y sociedad y evidenciando las limitaciones de los procesos de respuesta gubernamentales a las demandas de la sociedad. En este escenario es necesario recurrir a enfoques como el de redes para plantear nuevos esquemas de gestión y organización.
Performance Analysis of Power Budget Management for Satellite Design under Ka Band Frequency Band
Authors: Awasth Nidhi i
Published: May 2022

Abstract: In the manuscript, a power budget analysis is performed for the estimation of the link budget between satellite and ground station. Various parameters have been considered for this estimation that includes aperture efficiency, operating wavelength, earth station antenna diameter. Several calculations have been performed for the assessment of link budget related to the transmitted power with respect to various carrier-to-noise (C/N) ratio. Keywords: C/N, Aperture, Ka, VSAT
Konstruksi gender dalam sastra anak Sunda Nala karya Darpan
Authors: Wahyuni Eka Ayu , Priyatna Aquarini , Prabasmoro Tisna
Published: May 2022

Nala adalah sastra anak Sunda yang mengantarkan Darpan mendapatkan Hadiah Samsoedi pada tahun 2016, yaitu hadiah yang diberikan kepada penulis sastra anak berbahasa Sunda. Nala penting untuk dibahas karena ditulis oleh seorang penulis laki-laki yang memusatkan cerita pada tokoh anak perempuan tomboi yang kemudian diarahkan untuk menjadi perempuan feminin. Dari gambaran tersebut Nala diasumsikan menghadirkan konstruksi gender yang kaku yang menuntut perempuan untuk menunjukkan atribusi feminin; laki-laki harus menunjukkan atribusi maskulin. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan konstruksi gender yang dimanifestasikan melalui penggambaran sikap serta peran tokoh perempuan dan tokoh laki-laki dalam Nala karya Darpan. Metode deskriptif-kualitatif digunakan di dalam penelitian ini. Selain itu penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kritik sastra feminis untuk melihat bagaimana citra perempuan dihadirkan di dalam karya sastra yang ditulis oleh laki-laki. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di dalam Nala, konstruksi dan peran gender ditampilkan secara kaku bahwa perempuan harus feminin dan laki-laki harus maskulin. Dari temuan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa konstruksi gender yang ditampilkan di dalam Nala masih berorientasi pada konstruksi gender normatif, yang berkenaan dengan sikap dan peran. Penggambaran gender normatif tersebut menafikan adanya potensi konstruksi gender alternatif seperti yang dihadirkan melalui tokoh Nala, anak perempuan tomboi, sehingga digiring untuk mengikuti peran feminin.
 
Nala is a Sundanese children's literature that led Darpan to achieve the Samsoedi Prize, a prize awarded to notable writers of Sundanese children's literature, in 2016. Examining Nala is important because it is written by a male writer who focuses the story on a tomboy girl character, directed to become a feminine girl. From this description, Nala is assumed to present a rigid gender construction that requires women to show feminine attributions in contrast to men that must exhibit masculine attributions. This article aims to discuss gender construction manifested through the description of attitudes and roles of female and male characters in Darpan's Nala. Descriptive-qualitative method was employed in this study. In addition, this study used a feminist literary criticism approach to see how the image of women is presented in literary works written by men. The results show that the construction of gender and roles is depicted rigidly, in a way that women must be feminine, and men must be masculine. The findings led to a conclusion that the gender construction shown in Nala is aligned with the normative gender construction, which relates to certain attitudes and roles. The depiction of normative gender denies the potential for alternative gender construction as presented through the character of Nala, a tomboyish girl who is led and expected to follow the feminine role.
Antara santet, sacrifice, dan djiwo: Hakikat eksistensi kejawen black metal
Authors: Akhtabi Petrik Mahisa , Riyanto Edi Dwi
Published: May 2022

Sebagai sebuah kebudayaan, Kejawen Black Metal adalah satu bentuk subkultur hibrid yang tercipta atas inkorporasi kebudayan Jawa yang ada di Indonesia dan subkultur Black Metal yang berkembang di Eropa. Sebagai sebuah bentuk musik, Kejawen Black Metal adalah satu subgenre dari Black Metal yang pada praktiknya memasukkan unsur-unsur ke-Jawaan, yaitu konsep mistik yang berkembang dan eksistensinya dipercaya nyata dalam kebudayaan masyarakat Jawa. Melihat hibriditas dari eksistensinya, subkultur tidak serta merta mengambil dan meniru segala konsep yang ada pada kebudayaan akarnya. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menemukan dan menjelaskan apa sebenarnya esensi dan tendensi dari Kejawen Black Metal sebagai sebuah subkultur hibrid. Secara semiotik, Kejawen Black Metal dilihat sebagai sebuah simbol yang bermakna sebagaimana mestinya, namun berdiri sendiri membentuk nilai yang berbeda menurut konteksnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif dengan data yang digali lewat dokumentasi yang berhasil dilakukan oleh pihak lain. Berdasarkan penelitian ditemukan bahwa secara esensi, Kejawen Black Metal tetap merupakan perlawanan kepada sesuatu yang berbeda dengan subkultur akarnya. Selain itu, dalam konteks tendensi, Kejawen Black Metal menyimbolkan kebebasan yang ditujukan untuk mengingatkan kembali tentang kebudayaan Jawa namun dengan cara dan konsep yang berbeda dalam pembawaannya.
 
As a culture, Kejawen Black Metal is a form of hybrid subculture made of Javanese culture of Indonesia and the Black Metal subculture that grows in Europe. As a music, Kejawen Black Metal is Black Metal subgenre that its practices incorporates Javanese mystical concepts whose existence is believed to be true in Javanese culture. Seeing the hybridity of its existence, this subculture does not necessarily take and copy all concepts exist in its root culture. Therefore, this study aims to find and explain what actually Kejawen Black Metal’s essence and tendency is as a hybrid subculture. Through Roland Barthes' semiotics, Kejawen Black Metal is seen as a symbol whose meaning stands as it should be, but also standing independently to form different values based on particular context. The study uses a descriptive-qualitative method with extracted data based on indirect documentation that has been successfully carried out by other parties. The result, it is clear that in essence, Kejawen Black Metal remains a struggle but against something different from its root subculture. Therefore, in the context of tendency, Kejawen Black Metal symbolizes freedom that intends to remind people about the Javanese culture but in different ways and concepts in their nature.
Peran media “Tik Tok” dalam memperkenalkan budaya Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Nauvalia Nurin , Setiawan Ikwan
Published: May 2022

Upaya untuk melestarikan budaya harus dimulai dari bahasa daerah dimana dengan nilai-nilai budaya tersebut dapat dibagikan atau dikomunikasikan di antara anggota masyarakat. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ragam bahasa daerah yang merujuk pada istilah dalam bahasa Indonesia dalam video “Tik Tok” serta peran media tersebut dalam memperkenalkan ragam Bahasa Daerah sebagai bentuk ekspresi budaya bangsa. Penelitian ini menggunakan perspektif dari new media untuk mendiskusikan persoalan tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. The source of the data obtained is from primary data in the form of a Tiktok video entitled: Compilation of regional languages. The data collection technique uses documentation techniques, namely identifying videos of various regional languages ​​in Tiktok. Data analysis technique using reduction technique. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ragam bahasa yang terdapat dalam video TikTok yang sudah dikumpulkan oleh peneliti, terdapat ragam bahasa dari Daerah Jawa, Sunda, Solo, Minang, Banyumas, dan Manado. Peran media sosial yaitu video tiktok terkait ragam bahasa atau penyebutan Bahasa Daerah dalam memperkenalkan budaya Bahasa Indonesia sehingga dapat menjadikan Bahasa Indonesia yang beragam menjadi populer, terwariskan atau ditirukan, dan diterima dilapisan masyarakat. Video tiktok sudah menjadikan budaya Indonesia yaitu Bahasa Indonesia menjadi populer diterima disetiap seluruh masyarakat baik negeri atau luar negeri.             
 
Efforts to be with culture must start from the local language where the cultural values ​​can be shared or communicated among community members. This paper aims to find out the variety of regional languages ​​that refer to the terms in Indonesian in the video "Tik Tok" and the role of the media in introducing various regional languages ​​as a form of national cultural expression. For these problems, this study uses the perspective of new media. The research method uses qualitative research. The results show the variety of languages ​​contained in the TikTok videos that have been collected by researchers, there are various languages ​​from the Java, Sundanese, Solo, Minang, Banyumas, and Manado regions. The role of social media is tiktok videos related to various languages ​​or the mention of regional languages ​​in introducing Indonesian culture so that they can make various Indonesian languages ​​popular, inherited or imitated, and accepted in society. Tiktok videos have made Indonesian culture, namely the Indonesian language, become popular which is accepted by all people, both country and abroad.
Visualisasi kreasi humor Covid-19: Pengawasan penanganan Covid-19 oleh milenial di ranah virtual
Authors: Sofian Akhriyadi , Khadafi Muhammad Reza
Published: May 2022

Humor merupakan salah satu cara komunikasi politik. Humor divisualisasi dalam bentuk meme dan dimanfaatkan oleh kalangan milenial untuk melakukan fungsi pengawasan terhadap kebijakan pemerintah dalam menangani pandemi covid-19. Tujuan dari riset ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana visualisasi humor di kalangan milenial dan mengapa milenial memilih kreasi humor visual dalam mengawasi penanganan covid-19 oleh pemerintah di ranah virtual. Metode yang dipakai dalam riset ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi digital. Temuan riset ini adalah jenis meme yang dikreasikan oleh kalangan milenial dalam mengawasi penanganan covid-19 umumnya adalah meme agresif (aggressive meme). Milenial cenderung memilih visualisasi humor berupa meme sebagai sebuah saluran komunikasi politik karena sifat instan dari kreasi meme namun efektif dalam menyampaikan pesan melalui medsos di ranah virtual.
Humour is also used as political communication. Most humour is visualized as memes and used by  millenials to do control and watch how government in tackling pandemic covid-19 in Indonesia. This research aims to understand how visualization of humour amongst millenials and why millenials choose visualization of humour to take control in virtual space of how government handling covid-19. Findings of this research is type of memes that often used by millenials related to covid-19 is an aggressive meme. Millenials usually create memes visualization of humour as a channel of political communication because memes is simple and instant but so effective disseminating message through social media in virtual space.