bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Guided Wave Phased Array Ultrasonic Imaging for Thin Plate Inspection
Authors:   Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Bachhav Kaushal Jagannath ,   Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Gantala Thulsiram ,   Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Balasubramanian Krishnan
Published: June 2024

This study focuses on the application of phased array ultrasonic testing with guided waves for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) in thin plates. Addressing the limitations of conventional ultrasonic testing efficiently by inspecting thin, long structures. This study employs phased array technology to thin isotropic plates at high frequency(2MHz), thereby elevating imaging and defect detection in structural components. Through the utilization of the full matrix capture (FMC) scanning approach in 3-D finite element (FE) simulations, A0 and S0 modes were generated on steel plates with through-hole geometries. The process involved capturing reflected signals to form an FMC matrix that includes all A-scan signals. Subsequently, the total focusing method (TFM) algorithm was applied to FMC data for the reconstruction of focused images of A0 and S0 modes separately. A key improvement in our approach is integrating a time-domain filtering method into the FMC data. This enhancement addresses the dispersive nature of guided waves, thus improving the accuracy in identifying defect locations and sizes within the images. Our finite element simulations on steel specimens, with varied through-hole locations, revealed the method's potential in accurately imaging defects located deeper within the structure. Additionally, the study expanded to evaluate the efficacy of phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) in SHM, particularly in conjunction with guided waves to study the flaw detection sensitivity of the defect through the TFM algorithm on isotropic steel plates up to wavelength(λ)/16. This whole analysis considered crucial factors such as ultrasonic wave mode, frequency, and group velocity for the structure under inspection. This study represents a significant contribution to the field of SHM, introducing a sophisticated, real-time monitoring methodology that promises to enhance structural integrity assessment.

Keywords: SHM, PAUT, GW, FMC, TFM FE Simulations, Time Domain Filtering, Ultrasonic Testing.
Monitorization of crack propagation in welded aluminium assemblies
Authors:   Technological Institute of Aragon (ITA), Calvo-Echenique Andrea ,   Technological Institute of Aragon (ITA), Sánchez Mario ,   Technological Institute of Aragon (ITA), Hernández oliván Javier ,   Technological Institute of Aragon (ITA), Royo José Manuel ,   Technological Institute of Aragon (ITA), Núñez José Luis ,   Technological Institute of Aragon (ITA), Calvo Susana
Published: June 2024

Utilizing welded assemblies of aluminum profiles presents an effective means of reducing mass in rolling stock. However, these lightweight and optimally stiffened structures might be susceptible to unexpected failure modes that were not accounted for during the design phase. This could be due to insufficient information about in-service conditions or uncertainties in the material and manufacturing processes.

This study aims to assess the feasibility of monitoring welded aluminum assemblies in real-time under both static and cyclic loading conditions to evaluate their structural health. Mechanical tests were conducted on welded aluminum profile assemblies while employing piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) for continuous monitoring. The PWAS facilitated ultrasonic active and passive inspections during testing. Passive sensing involved utilizing the acoustic emission technique to locate the source of acoustic signals associated with damaging mechanisms like crack nucleation and propagation.

Upon identifying a detrimental event, on-demand active inspections using Ultrasonic Guided Waves were deployed to examine the structure and gather crucial information about its current condition based on analyzing temporal signal features. Although our mechanical tests were conducted in a laboratory environment, we recorded some temperature variations. Hence, we compensated for environmental influences through a data fusion model.

Additionally, repetitivity analyses were conducted to confirm the reliability of the proposed inspection technique. Encouragingly, results demonstrated consistency and reliability in this proposed method.
A preliminary investigation of the inverse Finite Element Method applied to bridge structures
Authors:   Politecnico di Milano, Poloni Dario ,   Rutgers University, Morgese Maurizio ,   University of Illinois at Chicago, Wang Chengwei ,   University of Illinois at Chicago, Taylor Todd ,   Politecnico di Milano, Giglio Marco ,   University of Illinois at Chicago, Ansari Farhad ,   Politecnico di Milano, Sbarufatti Claudio
Published: June 2024

Deflection monitoring plays a key role in bridge Structural Health Monitoring, as deflection data may offer valuable insights into potential structural issues, such as cracks and corrosion. However, monitoring bridge deflections under operative loads presents challenges, particularly in scenarios where establishing a fixed reference point for displacement sensors is impractical, such as when a bridge spans a waterway or the sensors may be vulnerable to vandalism. In recent years, the inverse Finite Element Method (iFEM) has emerged as a possible solution. This method provides a load- and material-independent means of computing structural displacements from strain measurements, in real time at a minimal computational cost. Additionally, the iFEM can serve as a virtual sensing approach to monitor strains at locations lacking sensors, enabling the assessment of the fatigue life consumption at virtually any point in the structure. Despite its potential, applications of the iFEM in the civil engineering field are very limited, with no validation on full scale bridges has been performed to date. This study addresses this gap by investingating the application of the iFEM for bridge deflection monitoring through distributed strain measurements. The proposed approach is tested on experimental case studies, involving cross-validatiion of reference-free deflections inferred by the iFEM with those obtained from displacement sensors. This work contributes to the advancements of structural health monitoring methodologies in civil engineering, demonstrating the practicality and reliability of iFEM in bridge applications.
Interaction of guided Ultrasonic Waves with delaminations in Fiber Metal Laminates represented by contact definition
Authors:   Helmut-Schmidt-University / University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Nikiema Wendwoga Fulgence ,   Helmut-Schmidt-University / University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Rauter Natalie
Published: June 2024

The main objective of the present work is to investigate the influence of delamination including contact on guided ultrasonic waves in fiber metal laminates. For this purpose, a numerical model of a fiber metal laminate consisting of layers made from steel and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer is introduced. The wave propagation is simulated in damaged and undamaged models. Afterwards, the results are compared and discussed. The considered undamaged model represents the reference model for the comparison. This model has been sufficiently investigated and validated numerically and theoretically in previous works [1]. For the damaged models, the investigation is restricted to centered and off-center placed delaminations of elliptical shape. A contact condition is applied to the boundary interfaces for each damage case. The results show that reflections, transmissions, and mode conversions occur when the wave encounters the two ends of the delamination. A closer look at the models with differently located delaminations across the thickness reveals that a particular phenomenon can be observed in the centered delamination, the trapped mode. This effect also occurs in both damaged models without and with contact definition. In these cases, the wave resulting from the mode conversion remains trapped in the delamination area and is repeatedly reflected between the corners of the delamination. In addition, the models with delaminations show a significant increase in the displacement amplitude in the delamination area compared to the rest of the laminate, probably due to the energy balance in the propagation from full to half thickness. However, the frequency analysis of the model with contact definition shows a significant influence on the frequency spectrum compared to the model without contact.

1. Mikhaylenko, A., et al., 2022, “Numerical Analysis of the Main Wave Propagation Characteristics in a Steel-CFRP Laminate Including Model Order Reduction,” Acoustics, 4(3):517–537, doi: 10.3390/acoustics4030032.
Unsupervised Data-Driven Approach for Scour Damage Detection in Offshore Monopile Foundations
Authors:   University College Dublin (UCD), Abdelhak Mahmoud ,   University College Dublin (UCD), Jawalageri Satish ,   University College Dublin (UCD), Malekjafarian Abdollah
Published: June 2024

Scour erosion around monopile foundations significantly impacts the structural integrity and operational performance of offshore wind turbines (OWTs). To deal with this problem, this paper proposes an innovative unsupervised data-driven methodology to detect foundation scour in OWTs. The proposed method employs acceleration data collected from the tower. A numerical model of the NERL 5 MW OWT installed in medium-dense sand is developed using OpenFAST software.
The study employs the novelty detection method, where only data obtained from the healthy conditions are used for training and establishing a base model. In addition, the influence of operational conditions, e.g. different wind and wave parameters is also evaluated. The process consists of three steps: (a) data pre-processing to extract time domain features and isolate environmental variations, (b) training an unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm by employing the extracted features and (c) conducting real-time anomaly detection to assess the scour damage.
The study results highlight the robustness and efficiency of the proposed method in detecting scour damage around monopiles under different environmental conditions.
Keywords: Monopile, scour, unsupervised, Machine learning, damage detection, SHM.
Birefringent optical fibers to decouple thermo-mechanical effects on FBG sensors
Authors:   Politecnico di Milano, Casciaro Emanuele ,   Politecnico di Milano, Rigamonti Daniela ,   Politecnico di Milano, Bettini Paolo
Published: June 2024

Optical fiber Bragg (FBG) sensors are gaining importance in structural health monitoring (SHM) systems due to their compact size and ability to be embedded into the lamination sequences of composite material elements.

A significant challenge, widely discussed in the literature, concerns the decoupling of thermomechanical measurements made through these sensors. This work aims to solve this problem using birefringent optical fibers instead of conventional ones.

The distinctive characteristics of birefringent fibers allow an FBG sensor, written in such fibers, to present not a single peak but two distinct peaks, each with different responses to changes in strain and temperature. This is due to the different refractive index distribution in the fiber core section, which allows for two axes on which the light signal propagates at different speeds.

This property offers a significant advantage: by having two independent equations associated with the two peaks, it is possible to decouple the thermomechanical measurements using only the fiber itself, without the need to introduce additional components to achieve mechanical decoupling (capillaries with through or interrupted fiber). This would ensure that strain and temperature are measured at the same point.

In the first phase of the work, an FBG sensor on a birefringent fiber was characterized and subsequently calibrated. Therefore, a dedicated experimental set-up was created to conduct thermal, mechanical, and thermomechanical characterization tests, in order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of decoupling.

In a second step, such sensor was embedded within a sample of composite material (unidirectional glass fibers), which was subsequently subjected to the same characterization tests conducted on the single fiber.

The results highlight the ability of this new transducer to decouple the thermal effect from the mechanical effect, allowing this new technology to overcome the problems of FBG sensors made of standard fibers.
Deep-Learning-based damage detection of an experimentally tested full-scale wind turbine blade.
Authors:   University College Dublin (UCD), Varouxis Theodoros ,   ETH Zürich, Dertimanis Vasilis K. ,   ETH Zürich, Abdallah Imad ,   ETH Zürich, Chatzi Eleni ,   University College Dublin (UCD), Pakrashi Vikram ,   University College Dublin (UCD), Malekjafarian Abdollah
Published: June 2024

Reducing the Operation and Maintenance (O&M) costs of Wind Farms can substantially contribute towards adopting environmentally sustainable and cost effective energy sources. O&M costs in Wind Turbines can account up to 50% of the Turbine’s whole life cycle, with the majority of it being the frequent manual inspection needed for Wind Turbine Blades (WTB). Vibration-based structural health monitoring (SHM) approaches can be used for detecting WTB damages in an early state, before they lead to catastrophic failure, while they can be used to perform inspection on an informed basis, reducing O&M costs. In the present study, a data-driven damage detection framework is developed for WTBs. A Finite Element Model (FEM) of a full-scale WTB (the Aventa AV-7 “Light Wind Turbine”, sold under the Leichtwindanlagen© name) is developed in ABAQUS FEA using sparce material properties and dimensions and subsequently modified to match a physical WTB. Damage is modelled in the form of a Trailing Edge (TE) longitudinal crack propagated in a stepwise manner. The FE model is updated based on the geometry altering and material property degrading effects of the TE crack. Numerical simulations are performed to obtain the dynamic responses of the blade, under white noise and chirp excitation. A damage detection framework is then developed using Auto-Regressive, with exogenous excitation (ARX) or without (AR), models and its Nonlinear counterparts NARX and NAR models. In addition, model dimensionality reduction is performed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Deep-Autoencoders (D-AE). The results are presented in terms of Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves.
Damage-informed cost functions for improving data-driven fatigue prediction
Authors:   Sheffield University, Gibson Samuel ,   Sheffield University, Cross Elizabeth J.
Published: June 2024

Fatigue is among the most common causes for the failure of engineering structures. As a result, there is widespread interest in the prediction of fatigue damage using data-driven methods. However, previous work by the authors has shown that when using conventional cost functions for optimising models for virtual strain sensing, these will frequently fail to reliably predict the fatigue damage state of a structure. This is particularly true when viewing the problem from a probabilistic standpoint, as many cost functions consider only the posterior mean prediction.

This work will look at how knowledge of the S-N fatigue damage methodology can be integrated into the training stage of data-driven strain prediction models. This is achieved by developing cost functions that prioritise predictive capability with respect to fatigue damage. Multiple criteria are considered for the cost functions including: the total damage, the distribution of stress ranges after performing cycle counting, the frequency content of predictions and the number of turning points in the data.

As this work will consider the problem within a probabilistic framework, the additional challenges this poses shall also be considered. The proposed methodology will be demonstrated in this paper using Gaussian process regression. However, it is also appropriate for use within other data-driven methods.
Gaussian process kernels for partial physical insight
Authors:   Sheffield University, Jones Matthew R. ,   Sheffield University, Pitchforth Daniel James ,   Sheffield University, Cross Elizabeth J.
Published: June 2024

Fusing known physics into data-driven learners allows modelling practitioners to combine the expressive power of traditional machine learning with known mechanistic laws, where the objective is to enhance predictive performance, interpretability, and model generalisation. A core consideration that must be made when implementing a physics-informed learning architecture is how relevant knowledge will be embedded into the model structure, which, generally, is informed by the type of physics that is available. Frequently this knowledge may not be complete, with only a partial understanding of the governing physics available.

In this work, possible paths for deriving Gaussian process kernels that are representative of partial knowledge will be considered. How the type of knowledge that is possessed influences the derivation will be explored, particularly when there is the potential for some aspect of misspecified physics. An example of deriving partially structured kernels will be investigated for modelling the decoupled response of a GARTEUR laboratory aircraft structure, where the derived kernels are used to decompose the dynamics of the aircraft into modal contributions.
Development of Photonic Smart Veil for Structural Health Monitoring
Authors:   Politecnico di Milano, Casciaro Emanuele ,   Politecnico di Milano, Bettini Paolo
Published: June 2024

The use of fiber optics as structural health monitoring (SHM) systems is now widespread. This technology is ideal for the creation of monitoring algorithms thanks to the creation of individual Bragg grating sensors (FBGS) or arrays of sensors, the small size, durability, real-time monitoring capabilities, and the ability to place these elements within composite structures.

One of the issues in using FBG sensors is the placement of these local transducers at the point where measurement is to be made, during the composite component creation process. Positioning a sensor array along a complex path in the lamination sequence and ensuring that the position of the sensors is maintained during the autoclave curing process is a decisive challenge to enable this technology to spread rapidly in the market.

Starting with the configuration of the Quick Pack, a thin membrane that incorporates optical fiber, methods of manufacturing the component were improved by minimizing its size to reduce its invasiveness.

New materials to incorporate the optical fiber and different configurations to reduce its stiffness were considered.

Configurations with different degrees of polymerization of the constituent materials were studied to improve the adhesion of the component to the composite structure. To validate the performance improvement, specimens were created in order to perform peel tests (ASTM D 3167-10). The results demonstrate the improvement in adhesion and the advantage of including the partially cured element in the lamination sequence. Further prototyping identified the minimum degree of polymerization required to hold the optical fiber in place.

This new transducer, Photonic Smart Veil, allows FBG sensors to be properly inserted in the desired positions and locked in place during the production of composite components, improving their performance.
Quantifying the Reliability Performance of a Guided Wave-Based SHM System Using Piezoelectric Wafer Actuator Sensors
Authors:   University of Paris-Saclay, Eiras Jesus N. ,   University of Paris-Saclay, Gavérina Ludovic ,   University of Paris-Saclay, Mastromatteo Loïc ,   University of Paris-Saclay, Roche Jean-Michel
Published: June 2024

The adoption of structural health monitoring systems can bring important benefits to the aerospace industry. However, the current implementation of SHM technologies in today's aerospace industry remains limited. One of the primary obstacles hindering the adoption of SHM technologies is the challenge associated with assessing the reliability of SHM systems. In aerospace applications, SHM hardware is exposed to harsh environments, including high or low temperatures, vibrations, moisture, and radiation. Consequently, the long-term performance of SHM systems is adversely affected. This study delves into various issues related to the evaluation of SHM system reliability and performance quantification, placing special emphasis on guided wave-based SHM using Piezoelectric Wafer Actuator Sensors. We present experimental and numerical modeling examples designed to illustrate the detrimental effects of aging at the unitary sensor and sensor network levels. Conclusions are drawn regarding the current challenges in quantifying system reliability, emphasizing relevant performance metrics such as the probability of detection, localization, and false call rates.
Güneş Kontrolünde Pasif Olarak Kullanılan Gelişmiş Cam Malzemelerin İrdelenmesi
Authors: Gezer Fatma Gizem , Altın Müjde
Published: June 2024

Malzeme ve mimarlık arasında doğrudan bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Modern mimarlıkta binaların neredeyse tüm cephelerinde cam cephe görmek mümkün olmuştur. Teknolojinin ilerlemesiyle birlikte cephedeki pencerenin yüzey alanı arttıkça, güneş kontrolünde sorunların oluşma olasılığı artmıştır. Böylelikle cam malzemeden beklenilen işlevler de artmıştır. Bilinen en eski malzemelerden olan cam bu süreçte gelişim sürecine girmiştir. Pencere işlevinin yanı sıra cephenin tamamını taşıyabilen bir yapı malzemesi haline gelmiştir. Günümüzde klasik bir camdan beklenen bir performanstan çok daha fazlasına sahip olan gelişmiş camın, ısı kaybı, dayanıklılık, güneş enerjisi, gürültü gibi pek çok alanda kontrolü sağlayan özellikleri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada gelişmiş camın güneş kontrolü üzerinde binalarda sağladığı termal ve görsel konfor koşulları incelenecektir. Çalışmanın amacı basit cam yerine ısı, ışık ve radyasyon kriterlerine göre tercih edilen pasif güneş enerjisine dayalı gelişmiş/geliştirilmiş cam malzeme kullanımıyla güneş kontrolünün araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada pasif sistem olarak çalışan çift cam, yalıtımlı cam, renkli cam, aynalı cam, termokromik cam, fotokromik cam, reflektif kaplamalı cam, dikroik kaplamalı cam, seramik emaye kaplamalı cam ve açısal seçici kaplamalı cam türleri ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Bunun için her bir özelleşmiş cam türü tanımlanarak, kullanım alanları belirlenmiş, avantajlı ve dezavantajlı oldukları ortam ve durumlar irdelenmiştir. Tercih edilen cam türleri ile geniş açıklıkları olan yapılarda bile istenen ısı ve/veya ışık kontrollerini yapmanın mümkün olabileceği çalışma sonucu elde edilmiştir.
Tanggung Jawab Pidana pada Korporasi dalam Tindak Pidana Perpajakan
Authors: Cipta dewa Renada , Tanudjaja Tanudjaja
Published: June 2024

Kepatuhan terhadap kewajiban perpajakan adalah kewajiban hukum dan bentuk tanggung jawab sosial bagi setiap individu dan badan usaha. Kegagalan dalam mematuhi kewajiban perpajakan dapat mengakibatkan sanksi administratif dan pidana yang berat, serta merugikan penerimaan negara. Artikel ini membahas tanggung jawab pidana korporasi dalam tindak pidana perpajakan di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 1983 tentang Ketentuan Umum dan Tata Cara Perpajakan (KUP) dan perubahannya melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2021 tentang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan. Pasal 39A UU KUP mengatur bahwa badan hukum atau perusahaan dapat dikenai tuntutan pidana jika terbukti melakukan tindak pidana perpajakan. Konsep premium remedium dijelaskan sebagai prinsip bahwa sanksi pidana seharusnya menjadi pilihan terakhir setelah upaya penegakan hukum lainnya tidak berhasil. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif digunakan dalam studi ini untuk menganalisis norma-norma hukum yang terkait dengan tanggung jawab pidana dalam konteks perpajakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi tidak hanya berdasar pada aspek hukum, tetapi juga nilai moral dan kesusilaan yang berlaku dalam masyarakat. Artikel ini menegaskan pentingnya edukasi dan sosialisasi perpajakan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan kepatuhan wajib pajak guna mendukung pembangunan negara.
Dwellers, Nomads, Settlers: Heideggerian Land and Violence
Authors: Lucero Teelin ,   The Heidegger Circle
Published: June 2024

Many scholars have noted the importance of place in Heidegger’s philosophy. Heidegger himself agreed with this assessment, saying that his thinking has always been an attempt to think the same thing – first through meaning, then truth, and finally place. The importance of place and its rich entanglement with ontology can be understood through several valences of rootedness and belonging that are present in Heidegger’s thought. These valences can be productively considered through three figures: the dweller, the nomad, and the settler. Such figures do not exist as well-defined textual characters, but establishing them as a methodological practice allows careful consideration of Heidegger’s apparent concordance with both National Socialism and global projects of settler-colonialism and conquest. Those of us who find valuable tools and resources in Heidegger must take these resonances seriously and grapple with the way they may indicate a close relationship between our own philosophical commitments and violent possibilities.
Validasi E-Modul Materi Termokimia Berbasis PBL untuk Menunjang Pembelajaran Kurikulum Merdeka Fase F Kelas XI SMA/MA
Authors: Elfiza Rizma , Hardeli Hardeli
Published: June 2024

Thermochemical material is material that is difficult for students to understand, so students need innovative teaching materials that adapt to current developments and technology to support independent curriculum learning. One of the teaching materials that can be developed is a PBL-based e-module. The PBL model is used to help students be creative and think critically through the process of solving problems in the real world. This research aims to develop innovative teaching materials in the form of E-Modules so that they can improve students' critical thinking abilities and increase students' interest in learning. So a PBL-based thermochemical material e-module was developed to support independent curriculum learning for phase F class XI SMA/MA using the plomp development model. In the e-module validity test, the e-module validity value was 0.90 in the valid category.
Asociación entre el síndrome de burnout y la satisfacción laboral en profesionales de la salud en un área de contingencia COVID-19 de un hospital pediátrico en el Perú
Authors: Martínez-Álvarez Lilian , Núñez-Paucar Héctor , Lavado-Avendaño Andrea Mercedes
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Asociar el síndrome de burnout (SB) y la satisfacción laboral (SL) en profesionales de la salud en un área de contingencia COVID-19 en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño (INSN), 2022. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico transversal aplicado en 56 profesionales de la salud. Se usó el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) y la Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) para la medición de las variables principales. Resultados: Se encontró un nivel bajo de SB en el 71,4 % y un nivel alto de SL en el 51,8 % de los en los profesionales. Los puntajes en los factores intrínsecos de la SL fueron de nivel medio en el 55,4 %. También se observó agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y un alto nivel de realización personal. Al parecer, el agotamiento emocional (rho = –0,30; p = 0,04) y la realización personal (rho = 0,50; p < 0,001) son predictores del SB. Conclusiones: En el área de contingencia COVID-19 no se evidenciaron altos niveles de burnout, lo que se refleja en un alto nivel de satisfacción en el personal de salud.
Cierre percutáneo de ductus arterioso persistente grande en paciente pediátrico con interrupción de vena cava inferior: reporte de caso
Authors: Taipe-Carbajal Fernando Melitón , Mariño-Vigo Carlos , Nario-Lazo Viviana , Alegre-Manrique Silvia
Published: June 2024

Persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) accounts for approximately 10% of congenital heart diseases. In pediatric patients, percutaneous closure with a device is the treatment of choice. Early intervention prevents progression to heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and the risk of bacterial endarteritis. We present the case of a 7-year-old boy with a large PDA and an inferior vena cava anomaly, which drained into the azygos vein (interruption of the inferior vena cava). Studies showed dilation of the left heart chambers and a type A PDA with significant shunt. This condition complicated the percutaneous closure and posed a technical challenge. A therapeutic cardiac catheterization was performed, accessing through the femoral vein and using the azygos vein as a route. A MemoPart PDA Occluder device was successfully implanted, resulting in no complications and favorable postoperative follow-up. This is the first nationally reported case of successful PDA closure via cardiac intervention.
Nexus Between Urban Crime and Unemployment in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Kibichii Evanson , Mwaeke Panuel
Published: June 2024

This paper establishes the nature of urban crimes prevalent in Nairobi County, Kenya in the context of Kibera and Karen jurisdictions. The paper adopted a descriptive research design and stratified random sampling technique to enlist respondents into the study. The study sample size comprised of 196 respondents and 10 Key Informants (K-I’s). The main data collection methods were the questionnaire for the main respondents and interviews for K.I’s. Quantitative data was analyzed with the aid of a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Frequency distribution tables were used to present data. The findings indicate that; the nature of urban crimes prevalent in Nairobi County in general, specifically in Kibera and Karen jurisdictions were categorized into; violent crimes (44.4%), property crimes (55.4%), and drug-related (10.2%). Violent crimes included; armed robberies, and street robberies. Property crimes included; break-ins, stealing, and muggings. According to 80% of the K.Is, most criminals were mainly unemployed youths, most of them utilizing criminality as a source of livelihood. These youthful criminal gangs waylaid victims going to or from jobs in the evening and early morning to rob or mug them. The study observed that an increase in unemployment led to property crimes, while significant violent crimes were only committed due to the trigger effects of unemployment. This study recommends serious national resource mapping that will factor in industrialization and Job creation for the unemployed. Further, the study recommends Job creation in county governments to discourage rural to urban migrations of job seekers to cities.
Tenure track, research and innovation in Zimbabwean academia: Unravelling the myths and misconceptions in music
Authors: Muranda Richard , Maguraushe Wonder
Published: June 2024

In this study as researchers, we tackle the issues surrounding innovation in the academy of music. The discussions follow the ways through which people innovate in performance, music composition, and music production. We explore how music innovation takes place in simple and complex forms. Our submission holds that novelty in the music domain is treated as frivolous in certain sections of the society in Zimbabwe. Some of the music innovations although unique and very useful to the society, they continue to receive no recognition. It has been construed that notable innovations should produce tangible objects that should be patented, industrialised, and packaged as goods and services to generate revenue for the innovator(s) and their institutions. We argue that innovations in music particularly compositions, music productions, choreographies, and performances constitute novelties once they get copyrighted followed by industrialisation and revenue generation. Some music innovations go unpatented due to society’s view on the way they value the creative arts. The study advances the notion that innovation in music does not necessarily have to be patented, it should aid in how certain unique, creative musical undertakings in a given field take place.
Integrated Marketing Communications Strategy for KIKO Make Up Milano: Expanding into the Chinese Market
Authors:   The School of Economic and Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia, & The School of Management and Engineering, Anhui Institute of Information Technology, Wuhu, China., Li Le , Zeng Jian Hua ,   School of Chemistry and Life Science, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan 430205, China.
Published: June 2024

This review paper examines the integrated marketing communications (IMC) strategy for KIKO Make Up Milano as the brand seeks to expand into the Chinese market. Utilizing the SOSTAC framework (Situation, Objectives, Strategy, Tactics, Actions, and Control), the paper provides a comprehensive analysis of KIKO's current market situation, marketing objectives, and strategic approach. The analysis delves into the economic, social, and technological factors that influence KIKO's entry into China, highlighting the distinct differences between Hong Kong and mainland China. The paper identifies key marketing communication objectives, such as raising brand awareness and stimulating product trials, and proposes targeted strategies to achieve these goals. By leveraging both traditional and digital media channels, including social media and e-commerce platforms, KIKO aims to effectively engage Chinese consumers and establish a significant market presence. The review concludes with actionable recommendations to ensure the successful implementation of KIKO's IMC campaign in China, addressing potential challenges and optimizing the brand’s outreach and impact in this new market.
Enhancing Nurses' Empathy Towards Young Child Patients Through Empathy Training
Authors: Dewi Novita , Mangunsong Frieda
Published: June 2024

In nursing services for early childhood hospitalized patients, nurses' empathetic attitudes cannot be implemented optimally. Empathy is a knowledge and skill that can be improved through education and training programs. Although there are many empathy training programs in nursing, there is no training programs specifically designed to increase nurses' empathy towards early childhood patients. This thesis is a research on an intervention program in the form of the "I Love and Understand You" training program which aims to increase nurses' empathy towards young children who are being treated in hospital. This research is a quantitative research with a one group difference test design before and after intervention or one group pretest post-test design. There were 18 participants in this study. Based on the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, the research results showed a significant increase in nurses' empathy towards early childhood before and after the intervention program was implemented (p-value < 0.001, p < 0.05). Based on the Friedman test, the research results also showed that nurses' empathy for early childhood remained significantly different two weeks after the intervention program was implemented (p-value 0.001, p < 0.05). This proves that the "I Love and Understand You" training program increases nurses' empathy for young children who are being treated in hospital.
The State's Obligation in Providing Replacement Housing Due to Lost Land
Authors: Milda Milda , Kurniati Nia , Pujiwati Yani
Published: June 2024

This research aims to find out the state's obligation in organizing occupancy lost due to land destruction. The form of this research is normative juridical with a statute approach and case approach. The type of research used is descriptive research and the data used is secondary data which is then All data obtained is collected and analyzed normatively qualitative. The results showed that the impact of the loss of land was that the community lost their shelter. Shelter is a basic right of all citizens, especially those affected by the disaster. The state is responsible for the fulfillment of the basic rights of the community, namely organizing and providing housing / shelter that is feasible and safe from disasters.  If the state is absent then the state is violating the mandate of the Constitution and Pancasila.
Hubungan Antara Komitmen Organisasi dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior pada Customer Service PT. “X”
Authors: Anggaristi Dania Devina , Sahrah Alimatus
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan antara komitmen organisasi dan gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dengan Organizational Citizenship Behavior pada customer service PT. “X”. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian adalah customer service PT. “X” sejumlah 300 orang dan sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 171 orang, yaitu berusia 21 – 37 tahun. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan skala komitmen organisasi, skala gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dan skala Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Hasil penelitian menunjukan variabel komitmen organisasi memiliki hubungan positif terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior dan variabel gaya kepemimpinan transformasional memiliki hubungan positif terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Hal ini menjelaskan bahwa hipotesis yang diajukan diterima. Koefisien determinasi (R2) menunjukkan bahwa komitmen organisasi dan gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior berkontribusi sebesar 66,1% dan 33,9% berasal dari faktor lain.
ÖMER SEYFETTİN’İN SKOLASTİK KAVRAMINA YÜKLEDİĞİ ANLAM
Authors: Öztürk Yakup
Published: June 2024

Ömer Seyfettin’in 1911’de Genç Kalemler dergisinde yayımladığı “Yeni
Lisan” makalelerinde Türkçenin sadeleşmesi yolunda bir program ilan ettiği
bilinir. Halkın anlamadığı ya da kullanmayı tercih etmediği kelimelerin edebiyat
dilinden uzaklaştırılması, Arapça ve Farsça hâkimiyetinden Türkçenin
kurtarılması, İstanbul Türkçesinin esas alınması gibi birtakım tekliflerin ileri
sürüldüğü bu program Ömer Seyfettin tarafından dönemin başka mecralarında
da söz konusu edilmiştir. Bu mecralardaki yazılarda dikkat çeken kavramlardan
biri de skolastiktir. Ömer Seyfettin, skolastik edebiyat, skolastik dil, Enderun
edebiyatı, Enderun argosu, divan zihniyeti, ümmetçi-dinî edebiyat türünden
ifadelerle klasik Türk edebiyatının şiirde ve nesirde Arapça, Farsça kelimelerin
ağırlığında “anlaşılmaz” bir dil kullanan edebiyatçılarını eleştirir. Bu
eleştirilerin merkezinde skolastik kavramı vardır. Bu makalede Ömer
Seyfettin’in nesirlerinde skolastik kavramına yüklenen anlam ve Türkçenin
sadeleşmesi yolunda Tanzimat’tan 20. asrın ilk çeyreğine kadar Türk
edebiyatçılarının Türkçe ile irtibatları Ömer Seyfettin’in eleştiri ve tespitleri ile
görülecektir.
KAŞKAY TÜRKLERİNDE ROMAN TÜRÜ: YASAK SEVDA
Authors: Devletabadi Ferzane
Published: June 2024

İran’daki aşiretler içinde gelenek ve göreneklerine bağlılıklarıyla bilinen Kaşkay Türkleri, İran Türkleri arasında en büyük göçebe Türk halkı olarak bilinmektedir. Kaşkay Türklerinin edebiyatı, İran’ın diğer Türk halklarının edebiyatı gibi iki ana koldan oluşmaktadır. Kaşkay Türklerinin yazılı edebiyat ürünlerinin sayısı az olmakla birlikte sözlü edebiyat ve âşıklık geleneği oldukça güçlüdür. Bu yüzden Kaşkay dili ve kültürüne önem veren aydınlar, son yıllarda hikâye ve roman türleri gibi kalıcı edebi eserlerin yazılmasına önem vermektedirler. “Zulmet” romanının yazarı, Davud Hasanağayi Keşkulî Fars dilinde yazdığı bu eseriyle Kaşkay Türklerinin kültürü ve yaşamını korumaya çalışmıştır. Bugüne kadar diğer romanlarını Farsça yazan Davud Hasanağayi Keşkulî, ilk Türkçe romanına Yasak Sevda adını vermiştir. Davud Hasanağayi Keşküllü, daha önce Farsça yazdığı “Zulmet” (Hasanagayi, 1987) romanında Kaşkay Türklerinin kültürü ve yaşamını anlatmıştır. Yazar, bu eserde Kaşkay Türklerinin dilini ve kültürünü korumakla birlikte, Kaşkayların temel yapılarını oluşturan tabakalaşma sistemini ortaya koymuştur. Sosyo-kültürel tabakalaşma olgusunda, ekonomi ve siyasi gücü temsil eden han ve ilhan piramitin en uç noktasında olduğu gibi tabakalaşmanın alt sınıfında çoban ve reaya bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte çengi veya usta ise Kaşkay halkıyla birlikte yaşasa da piramitin dışında kalan gruptur. Yarı göçebe göç hayatını sürdüren Kaşkay Türklerinde tabakalar birlikte yaşar ama bu tabakaların aralarında ilişki geleneklere göre yasaktır. Davud Hasanağayi Keşküllü, Yasak Sevda’da Kaşkay gelenekleri ve âdetlerini bir nevi eleştiri anlamında dile getirmek istemiştir. Davud Hasanağayi’nin eserlerinin konusu, Kaşkay Türkünün hikâyesidir. Bazen tabaka farkını ortaya koyar, bazen ilin içinde yaygın olan hurafelere ve inanışlara karşı çıkar. Diğer Kaşkay yazarları gibi Davud Hasanağayi de vatan kavramına önem verir ve Türk kimliğini önemser. Hacimli bir roman olan Yasak Sevda, Kaşkay Türklerinin gelenekleri çerçevesinde yaşanan bir aşk macerasından öte bu büyük Türk topluluğunun dil hazinesini ortaya koyan bir ansiklopedi mahiyetindedir.
Prof. Dr. Nâzım Hikmet POLAT (Ed.), Yöntem Bilgisi Açısından Türk Edebiyatı Tarihleri, Ankara, 2023, 707 sayfa. ISBN: 978-625-8342-19-2
Authors: Akın Ayşenur
Published: June 2024

Bu yazıda, Prof. Dr. Nâzım Hikmet POLAT'ın editörlüğünde hazırlanan Yöntem Bilgisi Açısından Türk Edebiyatı Tarihleri adlı eser tanıtılmıştır.
Child Labour and Academic Performance of Pupils in Kizinda Kigoma Town Council of Bushenyi District, Uganda
Authors:   Faculty of Education Kampala International University, Prudence Atuhaire , Earnest Ainembabazi ,   Faculty of Education Kampala International University, Muhammad Tukur ,   Faculty of Education Kampala International University, Lawal Zulaihat  Bagiwa ,   Faculty of Education Kampala International University, Aja Lucy ,   Faculty of Education Kampala International University
Published: June 2024

This study examines child labour and academic performance of pupils in Kizinda-Kigoma schools of Bushenyi District. Findings revealed that the aspects of child labour engaged by pupils in Kizinda-KigomaTown Council of Bushenyi District include working as maids, carrying heavy utensils to fetch water, working at teachers’gardens, with the older family members, fetching water and cooking for teachers. Findings further revealed that the causes of school dropout among children in Kizinda-Kigoma town include school fees problem, poor learning environment, discrimination within the community, stigmatization by other pupils, poor means of transport to and from school, lack of motivation to the disabled group, and lack of facilities that fit the learning ability of the disabled children. Based on the findings, the study calls for the need to create gender-sensitive learning spaces for girls to ensure equitable education, and safeguarding girls in classrooms by eliminating violence there is need to encourage the student to attend school frequently and participate in at least one extracurricular activity at school or with other students. More so, there is need to Improve education quality to enhance student retention and success. Furthermore, there is urgent need to cost of acquiring education including school feeding facilities and increase universal child payments as part of a country's social safety system and other policy instruments that could promote more equitable education access. Keywords: Academic performance, Child labour, Education, Learning environment, Pupils
Examining the Applicability of Constructivist Theory in History Teaching in Bulo Parents Secondary School, Bulo Sub County of Butambala District, Uganda
Authors:   Faculty of Education Kampala International University, Kibirige Kalungi Najib , Baagala Gwokyalya Edith ,   Faculty of Education Kampala International University
Published: June 2024

This study examined the application of construction theory in history learning at Bulo Parents Secondary School. The study found that the procedure was time-consuming and needed to be replaced with others. The study recommends that history teachers must work hard to elicit students' past knowledge because new knowledge is built on pre-existing knowledge. Teachers should use pre-tests, informal interviews, and small group warm-ups that require prior knowledge to achieve this. History professors should challenge students' thinking with difficult issues and exercises to create cognitive dissonance. As learners solve difficult tasks and change schemas, they build knowledge. Teachers should empower students to evaluate and modify knowledge. This requires presentations, small group or class discussions, and tests to compare pre-existing schema to the fresh circumstance. Teachers should provide students a chance to demonstrate their learning through presentations, reflection articles, or step-by-step tutorials. Student instructors must be introduced to constructivism and its use in the classroom. The constructivist approach must be used to create and implement educational plans. In-service programmes should include conferences, workshops, and seminars to train instructors in the constructivist approach. Keywords: Application, Construction theory, History teaching, Students, Teachers.
Socioeconomic Performance of Local Communities in Tourism Development in Kabarole District of Uganda
Authors:   College of Economics and Management, Kampala International University, Uganda, Thomas Lwanga , Enock Omweno N. ,   College of Economics and Management, Kampala International University, Uganda, Sherifah Nakacwa Kasozi ,   College of Economics and Management, Kampala International University, Uganda
Published: June 2024

This study examines the socioeconomic performance of local communities in tourism development in Kabarole district of Uganda. The persistent increase in number of unemployed youths with limited local participation and empowerment in regards to tourism activities in kabarole district necessitated the present study. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design with a sample of 154 respondents that was determined using Solvene’s method of sample size determination. Findings confirm that tourism tourism infrastructure has a statistically significant influence on the socio-economic performance of local communities in Kabarole district, which implyies that variations in socio-economic performance of local communities in Kabarole district are explained by tourism infrastructure. Based on the findings, the study calls for tourism destination areas in Kabarole district along with the central government should put in place deliberate conditions that can enhance the establishment of more tourism amenities. These include giving tax holidays to local and international investors who are willing to invest in amenities such as banking institutions, shopping malls. Also, the government should provide land to potential investors in Kabarole and other areas in Uganda so that more tourism amenities can be established in the country. Keywords: Investors, Socioeconomic performance, Tourism, Tourism infrastructure, Unemployment.