bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI PUBLISH OR PERISH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MUTU KARYA ILMIAH GURU SD 2 KESAMBI
Authors: Amaliyah Fitriyah , Bahruddin Ahmad , Setiawaty Rani , Kironoratri Lintang , Hidayati Nur Alfin
Published: January 2024

Salah satu alasan kurang minatnya dan semangat dalam menulis karya ilmiah para guru di SD 2 Kesambi adalah kurangnya pengetahuan berbagai aplikasi yang dapat mempermudah dalam menulis karya ilmiah. Publish or Perish merupakan salah satu aplikasi yang dapat mempermudah para guru menulis sebuah karya ilmiah. Publikasi karya ilmiah menjadi salah satu hal yang perllu dilakukan oleh para guru yang digunakan untuk kenaikan pangkat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi Publish or Perish kepada guru SD 2 Kesambi Kabupaten Kudus. Kegiatan pengabdian ini merupakan bentuk Ipteks bagi Masyarakat (IbM). Adapun, metode pelatihan berupa sosialisasi (ceramah), praktik, diskusi dan tanya jawab yang diikuti oleh 7 guru yang berstatus sebagai PNS. Berdasarkan hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa setelah diadakan pelatihan menggunakan Publish or Perish guru SD 2 Kesambi “paham” dan “terampil” dalam menggunakan aplikasi tersebut secara dengan baik dan benar. Dengan demikian, guru SD 2 Kesambi dapat meningkatkan kualitas penulisan karya ilmiahnya.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN PESTISIDA NABATI AKAR TUBA SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PESTISIDA RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DI DESA SEDAHAN JAYA KECAMATAN SUKADANA KABUPATEN KAYONG UTARA
Authors: Ida Ayu Suci  , Irawan Gusti , Rahayu Sri
Published: January 2024

Pertanian yang ramah lingkungan semakin menjadi fokus utama dalam menghadapi tantangan lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia. Desa Sedahan Jaya, yang terletak di Kecamatan Sukadana, Kabupaten Kayong Utara, dihadapkan pada permasalahan serangan hama terutama musim penghujan saat pembibitan tanaman hortikultura. Hama ini memberikan dampak negatif pada tanaman. Selama ini kelompok tani pembibitan tanaman umumnya menggunakan pestisida kimia sintesis untuk mengendalikan hama secara cepat sehingga berakibat buruk terhadap lingkungan. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah penggunaan pestisida nabati dalam pengendalian hama yang lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan.  Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada mitra kelompok tani di Desa Sedahan Jaya dalam pembuatan pestisida nabati berbasis ekstrak akar tuba. Metode yang diberikan berupa ceramah dan demonstrasi pembuatan serta aplikasi pestisida nabati dari akar tuba. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman dan keterampilan kelompok tani dalam pembuatan dan penggunaan pestisida nabati ekstrak akar tuba. Selain itu, kelompok tani juga mulai mengenali manfaat pertanian ramah lingkungan, termasuk dampak positifnya terhadap kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan sekitar. Dengan demikian, program ini menjadi langkah awal dalam membangun pertanian berkelanjutan berbasis ramah lingkungan di Desa Sedahan Jaya.
Anticipation in Disillusionment and Despair Reading Eliot’s The Waste Land
Authors: Gautam Mani Bhadra
Published: January 2024

This study analyses Eliot’s The Waste Land from a humanistic perspective and after all search for the causes and consequences of despair, disillusionment, and frustration the study claims that the pessimistic flashbacks of the past and negative looks for the days to come are human enemies. Moral and ethical guidance are suggested to live peacefully in poetic anticipation. The Journey through The Waste Land Eliot in his poem seeks multiple ways of living and finally, it is nothing more than the poetic imagination and metaphor to escape from an alienated path. Eliot exposes the social disharmony through the chaos of dislocation, depression, and death of the Londoners and he paves the way for alternative methods to get alive with hope. The study is made on social and socio-cultural investigative methods to find out the social wrongs to which Richard Aldington, Wesley Brown, Nevill Coghill, and Francis Turner Palgrave’s critiques are applied.
A Flight from Personal to Universal T. S. Eliot’s The Waste Land
Authors: Rani Neelam
Published: January 2024

T. S. Eliot’s ‘The Waste Land’, a multifaceted piece of art has five parts comprising 433 lines which not only throws light on the mechanical, immoral, and untraditional life of the wastelanders but also suggests the way to salvation. Eliot started spewing quotes like a mentally disturbed person and created a very lengthy work. This original draft was edited by Ezra Pound who has cut almost half the portion of this social document. It is worthwhile to search how Eliot presents the real picture of modern society through these personal sufferings. Interestingly, Eliot with the help of Ezra Pound universalizes his pains and agonies through references, allusions, and quotes from the past. In reality, the first three sections of this long poem spotlight human miseries due to a lack of moral and spiritual values. Surprisingly, these tribulations are still prevalent in society even after 100 years of the publication of this masterpiece of Eliot. At the same time, the valuable suggestions from the last two parts especially the last are relevant in the present scenario also. It is worth mentioning that even today after a century, Eliot’s views of self-purification and self-discipline are noticeable as they can lead to a good moral society if each individual purifies and disciplines himself. In other words, the present paper is an attempt to draw that the study of the past can derive a solution for a better future for the whole world including every individual.
GENDER EQUALITY IN ISTANBUL: RISKS AND OPPORTUNITIES AFTER THE 2023 GENERAL ELECTION
Authors: Dolunay Dr. Mustafa
Published: January 2024

After the general elections of 2023, Turkish politicians directed a critical movement emphasizing the imperative for societal equality. Moreover, after the general elections of 2023, Istanbul serves as a microcosm of the issue of gender equality faced by Turkey. Thus, this study aims to highlight both the risks and opportunities that have emerged concerning gender equality in Istanbul in the 2023 post-election period. For this, the inductive research approach was suitable along with interpretivism research philosophy and qualitative research design. Also, the study collected primary data from an open-ended semi-structured questionnaire and published articles from authorized journals. The primary data was collected from a total of 10 participants from the women’s rights advocates and legal and human rights experts of Istanbul, which were analyzed through thematic analysis. As per the findings of primary and secondary data, this study identifies and evaluates the concrete impacts of gender equality policies in Istanbul after the 2023 general elections. The study reported the societal and political implications of the 2023 general elections in terms of the low representation of females in political leadership and the job market. Overall, the study emphasizes the need for comprehensive approaches that address the risk factors associated with gender inequality. Keywords: general elections, gender equality, human rights.
A SOCIOPOLITICAL ASSESSMENT OF TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN ISTANBUL, TURKEY
Authors: Yazgın Dr. Özge
Published: January 2024

Rapid technology development in Istanbul raises the concerns for studying the positive or negative impact of technology on the social and political sectors where technology is affecting the world. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a socio-political assessment of technology development in Istanbul. The study used a systematic literature review approach with standards of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. Articles published in 2011-2022 were retrieved from Scopus-indexed journals, and screened for their authenticity, eligibility, and full-text availability for selection. A total of 150 articles were initially identified, which, after the screening, and eligibility testing resulted in N = 10 articles. The results found two important outcomes. The first one is that technology has enhanced societal knowledge and communication with information and communication technology tools such as the Internet and social media. Technology also enhanced the development of planning and collaboration, such as in the municipal sector, for rainwater harvesting systems. This is proficient for water conservation and provides the opportunity for project collaboration and investments with the government in partnerships. In addition, Istanbul’s development of Fintech solutions has also facilitated businesses and governments to foster their financial governance. The system has advanced payments, and transactions with digital payments, online banking, peer-to-peer lending, and regulatory technology for finances. In Turkey, these solutions have fostered financial governance by advancing online payment and transactions with digital access to payment systems. However, secondly, the study found negative impacts of technology development on social and political sectors such as trends of digital exclusion in society, which became a policy issue. For political sectors, included studies mainly prescribe the social media-related political battles as reflecting the negative use of technology. This also reflects the concerns of cybersecurity and threats to data and their management. Overall, the technology development requires planning and strategic implementation. Other areas of technology development, such as software development and startup ecosystems, are also recommended for future research. Keywords: technology development, social impact, political impact, Istanbul.
A Review on Aspirin, Mechanism of Action and Prevention
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Arya college of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Kulshrestha Anamika , Mehta Aarti ,   Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Arya college of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Sharma Dr. Vandana ,   Principal, Arya college of Pharmacy, Jaipur
Published: January 2024

Aim is to study about brief history of aspirin and mechanism and action of aspirinand their effects on body and provides all details regarding to aspirin which is used in cardiovascular disease preventionor cancer prevention and management Primary disease prevention,Secondary Prevention in Stroke, Primary Prevention in Specific Populations Balance of uses and harm.
Basic Introduction and Mechanism of Action of Superdisintegrants
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Arya college of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Mehta Aarti , Kulshrestha Anamika ,   Associate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Arya college of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Kularia Sunita ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Sharma Shaifali ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Prabha Devi Memorial Mahavidyalaya, Jaipur
Published: January 2024

The ideal dispersion of an oral solid dose form is into the primary particles from which it was made. The proper disintegrant must be used in tablets and capsules that require quick disintegration in order to achieve maximum bioavailability. Solid dose forms are more effective when superdisintegrants are utilised. superdisintegrants reducing the disintegration time, These mixtures of substances that are added to the medicine formulation to help the content of tablets or capsules break down or disintegrate into tiny particles that dissolve more quickly Superdisintegrants are generally used at a low level , 1- 10 % by weight relative to the total weight of the dosage unit. The several types of these agents utilised in the formulation to deliver drugs more safely and effectively while maintaining patient compliance are covered in the current study.
Transformasi Pendidikan dalam Islam: Menjelajahi Filsafat Pendidikan Islam di Era Modern
Authors: Alfatih Haidar M.
Published: January 2024

This research aims to explore the transformation of education in Islam with a focus on understanding the philosophy of Islamic education in the modern era. Islamic education has a long, rich and deep history, and has undergone various transformations over time. The modern era brought significant changes in the way Islamic education is viewed and practiced. This research uses literature analysis and historical tracing methods to explore the roots of traditional Islamic educational philosophy and understand how this philosophy has adapted to the challenges and changes faced in the modern era. We also examine how educational transformations in Islam may influence future Islamic educational thinking and practice. The research results show that education in Islam has experienced a significant transformation in terms of methodology, curriculum and learning approaches. Traditional Islamic educational philosophy, which has its roots in the Koran and Hadith, has been integrated with modern educational principles such as inclusive education, information technology, and competency-based education. This reflects efforts to maintain the relevance of Islamic education in facing the challenges and opportunities of the modern era. This research provides deeper insight into how education in Islam has changed and developed over time, while maintaining the religion's core values. This study also has practical implications in designing Islamic education programs that suit the demands of the times, so that they can provide greater benefits for Muslim communities in the modern era.

Keywords: educational transformation, educational philosophy, modern
Perbandingan Mitos Sejarah di Berbagai Komunitas Lokal: Studi Kasus tentang Perbedaan dan Persamaan dalam Tradisi Lisan
Authors: Koswanto Kiswanto
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi perbedaan dan persamaan dalam mitos sejarah yang ditemukan dalam tradisi lisan di berbagai komunitas lokal. Mitos sejarah adalah bagian penting dari warisan budaya suatu masyarakat dan memainkan peran signifikan dalam membentuk identitas budaya dan persepsi sejarah kolektif. Dengan membandingkan mitos sejarah dari berbagai komunitas lokal, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola, tema, dan elemen-elemen kunci yang mungkin hadir dalam tradisi lisan mereka. Metode penelitian ini mencakup pengumpulan dan analisis data dari beberapa komunitas lokal yang berbeda, termasuk wawancara dengan para narasumber yang memiliki pengetahuan mendalam tentang mitos sejarah mereka. Analisis komparatif digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi perbedaan dan persamaan dalam cerita-cerita mitos sejarah ini, serta untuk mengeksplorasi konteks budaya, sosial, dan sejarah yang memengaruhi narasi-narasi tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan akan memberikan wawasan yang lebih baik tentang beragam cara masyarakat lokal menggambarkan dan merayakan sejarah mereka melalui tradisi lisan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga dapat membantu dalam memahami bagaimana mitos sejarah dapat berfungsi sebagai sarana untuk mempertahankan identitas budaya dan mendorong pemahaman kolektif tentang sejarah dalam berbagai konteks masyarakat lokal. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini memiliki potensi untuk memberikan kontribusi yang berharga terhadap pemahaman kita tentang pentingnya tradisi lisan dalam melestarikan dan memahami sejarah lokal, serta dalam merawat kekayaan budaya yang beragam dan unik.

Kata kunci: mitos sejarah, tradisi lisan, perbandingan budaya, identitas budaya, komunitas lokal
Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Sulawesi Selatan Pada Masa Gerakan Abdul Qahar Mudzakkar
Authors: SAPUTRO PRADATA ARDI
Published: January 2024

Sulawesi Selatan memiliki peranan tersendiri dalam sejarah nasional Indonesia. Dapat kita ketahui bahwa kerajaan Gowa merupakan kerajaan besar yang terdapat di Sulawesi Selatan yang meiliki pelabuhan serta armada laut yang kuat. Abdul Qahhar Mudzakkar sebagai tokoh dari Makassar mempunyai pasukan yakni komando pasukan seberang yang berhasil mempersatukan kelompok-kelompok gerilya di Sulawesi Selatan bertujuan untuk melawan Belanda yang rencananya akan menguasai kembali wilayah Sulawesi. Berbagai lini kehidupan menjadi terkena dampak pada pemberontakan ini. Kehidupan social dan ekonomi masyarakat pun menerima dampaknya. Wilayah  lain sudah bisa berkembang secara ekonomi, Sulawesi Selatan masyarakatnya masih disibukkan dengan gerakan pemberontakan Abdul Qahhar Mudzakkar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan studi dokumen yang relevan. Penelitian ini menggunaan empat tahap yakni pengumpulan sumber, kritik sumber, menarik kesimpulan, dan penulisan hasil penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mengetahui proses lahirnya gerakan Abdul Qahhar Mudzakkar, (2) Untuk mengetahui upaya penyelesaian gerakan Abdul Qahhar Mudzakkar oleh pemerintah Republik Indonesia, (3) Untuk mengetahui kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat Sulawesi Selatan pada masa gerakan Abdul Qahhar Mudzakkar.
Good, but not always Fair: An Evaluation of Gender Bias for three Commercial Machine Translation Systems
Authors: Piazzolla Silvia Alma , Savoldi Beatrice , Bentivogli Luisa
Published: January 2024

Machine Translation (MT) continues to make significant strides in quality and is increasingly adopted on a larger scale. Consequently, analyses have been redirected to more nuanced aspects, intricate phenomena, as well as potential risks that may arise from the widespread use of MT tools. Along this line, this paper offers a meticulous assessment of three commercial MT systems - Google Translate, DeepL, and Modern MT - with a specific focus on gender translation and bias. For three language pairs (English-Spanish, English-Italian, and English-French), we scrutinize the behavior of such systems at several levels of granularity and on a variety of naturally occurring gender phenomena in translation. Our study takes stock of the current state of online MT tools, by revealing significant discrepancies in the gender translation of the three systems, with each system displaying varying degrees of bias despite their overall translation quality.
Introduction to thematic section: Challenges to the perfect machine-translation situation
Authors: Dam Jensen Helle , Schjoldager Anne , Paulsen Christensen Tina , Bundgaard Kristine
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the thematic section is to gauge the temperature of MT today by tapping into a selection of critical discussions, thereby shedding light on some challenges to a perfect machine-translation (MT) situation.
On the issue of tactical distribution of police patrol squads using the discrete method
Authors: Koynov Maxim Yurevich
Published: January 2024

The object of the study are the legal relations developing in the field of public security and public order protection in the system of management of the police. The subject of the study is the consideration of the use of innovative methods of distribution of police patrol squads in the management system of the forces of the internal affairs bodies of Russia. This study is conditioned by the need to bring the activities of the police patrol service in line with modern trends in improving the management and distribution of police patrol units, the introduction of innovative technologies, as well as the use of modern methods of distribution of police patrol units. As a tactical component of the study, a model of public order protection and ensuring public order in a large district center is presented, which allows using a discrete method to distribute patrol squads across the service area with the greatest efficiency of responding to committed offenses. The article provides a comparative analysis of similar studies conducted in foreign research institutes by foreign scientists. The system of discrete distribution of police forces allow to determine the optimal number of patrol squads in a given location and to determine the route to the crime scene. The main conclusions of the study are the provisions on the procedure for reorganizing the management system of police patrol squads.
The use of artificial intelligence technology in Chinese show business
Authors: Tun Chzhantsin'
Published: January 2024

The object of the study is artificial intelligence technology in Chinese show business. The subject of the study is the following technologies of Chinese show business, at the basis of which we can find an artificial intelligence: virtual idols, digital avatars, virtual influencers. The following aspects of these technologies are considered in detail: making a profit, strengthening national identity. Special attention is focused on the fact that the development of artificial intelligence technology is part of the state policy of the People's Republic of China, which is reflected in the country's regulatory legal acts. The theoretical basis of the study is the work of the following authors: A.M. Gridnev, G. A. Ioakimidi, M. D. Pysin, K. F. Lee, H. Khan and others. The following methods are used in the article: analysis of special literature, publications of mass media, normative legal acts, synthesis, deduction. The study showed that virtual idols and influencers such as "Xiangwan Big Devil", digital copies of celebrities (B. Sa, S. Zhu, B. Gao, Ya. Long) and presenter Xiao Xi bring additional profits and attract an audience, as well as strengthen the national image and unity of China. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the detailed systematization of information and cultural analysis of the phenomenon of "virtual influencer", which is gaining popularity in the modern digital world. The results of the study provide valuable data for the development and implementation of artificial intelligence strategies in China, especially in such areas as industry, defense, social sphere and show business. These findings contribute to the formation of standards and ethical principles for artificial intelligence, which is critically important for the successful digital transformation of the country. The study highlights China's strategic goals of using AI as a driver of modernization of the national economy by 2030. The document identifies key stages of development and goals, including the development of standards and the widespread introduction of AI in various sectors. China views AI as an important tool to strengthen its position on the world stage, striving to become a leader in high technology, which will undoubtedly have a significant impact on the global economy and the development of technological innovations.
APPROACHES TO INTERMEDIALITY STUDIES IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM
Authors: Wojno-Owczarska Ewa
Published: January 2024

Approaches to Intermediality Studies in the New Millennium
A concerted increase in readthrough and intron retention drives transposon expression during aging and senescence
Authors: Pabis Kamil , Barardo Diogo , Sirbu Olga , Selvarajoo Kumar , Gruber Jan , Kennedy Brian K.
Published: January 2024

Aging and senescence are characterized by pervasive transcriptional dysfunction, including increased expression of transposons and introns. Our aim was to elucidate mechanisms behind this increased expression. Most transposons are found within genes and introns, with a large minority being close to genes. This raises the possibility that transcriptional readthrough and intron retention are responsible for age-related changes in transposon expression rather than expression of autonomous transposons.To test this, we compiled public RNA-seq datasets from aged human fibroblasts, replicative and drug-induced senescence in human cells and RNA-seq from aging mice and senescent mouse cells. Indeed, our reanalysis revealed a correlation between transposons expression, intron retention and transcriptional readthrough across samples and within samples. Both intron retention and readthrough increased with aging or cellular senescence and these transcriptional defects were more pronounced in human samples as compared to those of mice.In support of a causal connection between readthrough and transposon expression, analysis of models showing induced transcriptional readthrough confirmed that they also show elevated transposon expression. Taken together, our data suggests that elevated transposon reads during aging seen in various RNA-seq dataset are concomitant with multiple transcriptional defects. Intron retention and transcriptional readthrough are the most likely explanation for the expression of transposable elements that lack a functional promoter.
The pelvic organs receive no parasympathetic innervation
Authors: Sivori Margaux , Dempsey Bowen , Chettouh Zoubida , Boismoreau Franck , Ayerdi Maïlys , Eymael Annaliese Nucharee , Baulande Sylvain , Lameiras Sonia , Coulpier Fanny , Delattre Olivier , Rohrer Hermann , Mirabeau Olivier , Brunet Jean-François
Published: January 2024

The pelvic organs (bladder, rectum and sex organs) have been represented for a century as receiving autonomic innervation from two pathways — lumbar sympathetic and sacral parasympathetic — by way of a shared relay, the pelvic ganglion, conceived as an assemblage of sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons. Using single cell RNA sequencing, we find that the mouse pelvic ganglion is made of four classes of neurons, distinct from both sympathetic and parasympathetic ones, albeit with a kinship to the former, but not the latter, through a complex genetic signature. We also show that spinal lumbar preganglionic neurons synapse in the pelvic ganglion onto equal numbers of noradrenergic and cholinergic cells, both of which therefore serve as sympathetic relays. Thus, the pelvic viscera receive no innervation from parasympathetic or typical sympathetic neurons, but instead from a divergent tail end of the sympathetic chains, in charge of its idiosyncratic functions.
N-cadherin mechanosensing in ovarian follicles controls oocyte maturation and ovulation
Authors: Emery Alaknanda , Blaschuk Orest W. , Dinh Thao D. , McPhee Tim , Becker Rouven , Abell Andrew D. , Mrozik Krzysztof M. , Zannettino Andrew C.W. , Robker Rebecca L , Russell Darryl L
Published: January 2024

The cell adhesion molecule N-cadherin (CDH2) is a membrane component of adherens junctions which regulates tissue morphogenesis and architecture. In the follicles of mammalian ovaries, N-cadherin adherens junctions are present between granulosa cells, cumulus cells and at the interface of cumulus cell transzonal projections and the oocyte. We demonstrate a mechanosensory role of N-cadherin integrating tissue structure and hormonal regulation of follicular morphogenic events including expansion of the cumulus oocyte complex (COC) matrix, oocyte maturation and ovulation. Two small molecule N-cadherin antagonists inhibited COC maturation
in vitro
. Transcriptome profiling revealed that targets of β-catenin and YAP1 pathways were dysregulated by N-cadherin antagonists.
In vivo
, N-cadherin antagonist significantly reduced ovulation in mice compared to controls (11 vs 26 oocytes/ovary; p=5.8×10
-6
). Ovarian follicles exhibited structural dysgenesis with granulosa and cumulus cell layers becoming disorganised and the connection between cumulus cells and the oocyte disrupted and the transcriptome again indicated altered mechanical sensing causing dysregulation of the Hippo/YAP and β-catenin pathways and ECM reorganization. Granulosa specific N-cadherin depletion in Cdh2
Fl/FL
;Amhr2-Cre also showed significantly altered mechanosensitive gene expression and reduced ovulation. Our findings demonstrate a critical role for N-cadherin in ovarian follicular development and ovulation, and the potential to inhibit ovulation through targeting this signalling mechanism.
Progesterone induces meiosis through two obligate co-receptors with PLA2 activity
Authors: Nader Nancy , Zarif Lubna , Halama Anna , Yadav Sharan , Dib Maya , Attarwala Nabeel , Chen Qiuying , Suhre Karsten , Gross Steven S. , Machaca Khaled
Published: January 2024

The steroid hormone progesterone (P4) regulates multiple aspects of reproductive and metabolic physiology. Classical P4 signaling operates through nuclear receptors that regulate transcription. In addition, P4 signals through membrane P4 receptors (mPRs) in a rapid nongenomic modality. Despite the established physiological importance of P4 nongenomic signaling, its detailed signal transduction remains elusive. Here, using
Xenopus
oocyte maturation as a well-established physiological readout of nongenomic P4 signaling, we identify the lipid hydrolase ABHD2 (α/β hydrolase domain-containing protein 2) as an essential mPRβ co-receptor to trigger meiosis. We show using functional assays coupled to unbiased and targeted cell-based lipidomics that ABHD2 possesses a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity that requires both P4 and mPRβ. This PLA2 activity bifurcates P4 signaling by inducing mPRβ clathrin-dependent endocytosis and producing lipid messengers that are G-protein coupled receptors agonists. Therefore, P4 drives meiosis by inducing the ABHD2 PLA2 activity that requires both mPRβ and ABHD2 as obligate co-receptors.Nongenomic progesterone signaling is important for many physiological functions yet the details of its signaling remain elusive. Here we define the early signaling steps downstream of membrane progesterone receptor β (mPRβ) during
Xenopus
oocyte meiosis. We show that progesterone requires two cell membrane receptors to work in unison to signal. The co-receptor complex possesses lipase activity that produces lipid messenger and induces receptor endocytosis to trigger meiosis progression. Our findings have broad physiological implications because nongenomic progesterone signaling operates in many tissues and regulates reproduction and metabolism.
Medicina tradicional como patrimonio cultural inmaterial. Los saberes ancestrales y el turismo comunitario en el municipio de Aquismón, San Luis Potosí
Authors: González Gisela Beatriz Hernández , Vargas Alma Rafaela Bojórquez , Gómez Carlos Pedraza
Published: January 2024

El presente estudio de investigación, tiene como objetivo analizar la práctica del turismo comunitario como propuesta de desarrollo turístico en dos comunidades del municipio de Aquismón. El uso de la medicina tradicional constituye una forma de expresión del patrimonio cultural inmaterial que permite practicarla, valorarla y vivificarla, puesto que los saberes y prácticas curativas están basados en creencias y formas de vida que permiten mantener una estrecha relación con el medio ambiente, la religión y de identidad propia de la comunidad. A través de una investigación exploratoria, se exponen los resultados del estado actual del uso de la medicina tradicional y su relación con la actividad turística.
O papel da educação populаr nа trаnsformаção dеmocráticа: dеsаfios е pеrspеctivаs à luz do direito е da política
Authors: Andrade Alex Pires
Published: January 2024

Еstе аrtigo buscа аnаlisаr o pаpеl dа еducаção nа trаnsformаção dеmocráticа, еxplorаndo os dеsаfios е pеrspеctivаs quе еmеrgеm еm um mundo еm constаntе еvolução, mаrcаdo pеlа rеvolução digitаl, аquеcimеnto globаl е mudаnçаs políticаs. Pаrа isso, sеrão considеrаdos os principаis аrgumеntos dе Luís Robеrto Bаrroso, Dаron Аcеmoglu, Jаmеs А. Robinson е outros аutorеs rеlеvаntеs no cаmpo do Dirеito е dа Ciênciа Políticа. Nеssе trаbаlho, lаnçаrеmos mão dа pеsquisа bibliográficа pаrа conhеcеr princípios е fundаmеntos dа Еducаção Populаr е dа Gеstão Dеmocráticа, idеntificаndo sе еlаs sе аproximаm, еm еspеciаl, еm torno dе um projеto político dе sociеdаdе.
Sensory Quality and Shelf-life Enhancement of Vegetables Irradiated with Mid- infrared
Authors: Umakanthan T.  , Mathi Madhu , Umadevi U.
Published: January 2024

Vegetables play a highly significant role in our daily dietary intake. The inherent perishability of vegetables restricts their exportation and necessitates early consumption. Consequently, ongoing research endeavors aim to develop technologies that can extend the shelf life of vegetables. In this study, we subjected vegetables to irradiation using a mid-infrared ray with a wavelength of 2-6 μm. To achieve this, we utilized a recently invented atomizer device termed MIRGA (Mid-infrared generating atomizer). During spraying of MIRGA, the contained chemical solution is expelled at a determined plunger pressure, leading to the oscillation of ions in the sprayed mist, thereby generating 2-6 μm mid-infrared. This mid-infrared energy exerts its influence on the chemical bonds within the vegetable molecules, resulting in improvements in taste, aroma, overall sensory satisfaction, and shelf life. Notably, the shelf life of vegetables increased by a range of 16-900% and 9-314% (duration) when stored at room temperature and refrigerated, respectively. These beneficial alterations, which are mediated by the 2-6 μm mid-infrared ray, are substantiated through a variety of instrumentation and sensory expert panel results that elucidate the physicochemical characteristics of the vegetables. Employing MIRGA in various domains of food technology represents a plausible and viable option.
Osnovi vremya-simmetrichnoy fiziki 1/ Vremya-simmetrichnie teoriya otnositelnosti i relyativistskaya kvantovaya mehanika
Authors:   Center for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Zakir Zahid
Published: January 2024

Сформулирована время-симметричная теория (ВСТ) как теоретическая основа время-симметричной физики (ВСФ), классической, релятивистской и квантовой. ВСТ исходит из широко используемого в физики частиц факта, что описание античастиц положительной энергии, идущих вперёд в пространстве и времени, эквивалентно описанию частиц отрицательной энергии, идущих назад в пространстве и времени (Зисман 1940, Штюкельберг 1941, Фейнман 1949). В ВСТ этот фундаментальный факт обобщается, формулируя принцип эквивалентности физики частиц и применив его на все физические явления в системе покоя частиц отрицательной энергии. В результате, группа преобразований ВСТ включает также инерциальные системы, которые движутся назад в пространстве и времени с координатами, связанными с обычными координатами 4-инверсией. Это привело к формулировке время-симметричной теории относительности и соответствующей релятивистской квантовой механике. В последней вероятности остаются положительными, но билинейные формы волновых функций связаны с потоками вероятностей, знаки которых зависят от направления движения вдоль осей координат, включая ось времени. Поэтому в ВСТ уравнение Клейна-Гордона является состоятельным уравнением для амплитуд вероятностей, а теория фермионов содержит необходимые коррективы, которые делают её физически более последовательной, не меняя её основные наблюдательные следствия. Применения ВСТ к квантовым полям будут рассмотрены во второй статье.
Glutathione redox system, GSH‐Px activity and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels in tadpoles of R.r.ridibunda and B.viridis
Authors: Cavas Levent , Tarhan Leman
Published: February 2003

Total glutathione (t‐GSH), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulphide (GSSG) levels, t‐GSH/GSSG ratio, glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activity and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were investigated during the development period of a predominantly aquatic amphibian R.r.ridibunda and a predominantly terrestrial amphibian B. viridis. While t‐GSH and GSH showed a similar trend, GSSG concentration increased significantly ( p < 0.05) during the larval stages in R.r.ridibunda larvae. In contrast to R.r.ridibunda larvae, there was no significant ( p>0.05) change between 1 and 5 weeks in the t‐GSH and GSH concentrations of B. viridis. t‐GSH and GSH concentrations of B. viridis larvae became sharply elevated after the fifth week, GSSG levels increased 3.25‐fold during the metamorphosis. The t‐GSH/GSSG ratio fluctuated and the lowest t‐GSH/GSSG ratios were observed at the third week for both species. GSH‐Px activities for both species increased significantly ( p < 0.05) during the growing period. The highest GSH‐Px activities in R.r.ridibunda and B.viridis were observed at the eighth week and they were 3.45 ± 0.17 and 4.1 ± 0.21 IU mg−1, respectively. The membrane LPO levels in the R.r.ridibunda and B. viridis tadpoles significantly ( p < 0.001) decreased from 206 ± 10.3 to 146 ± 7.3 and from 198 ± 9.9 to 23 ± 1.15 nmol MDA g−1 w.w., respectively. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Conformational preferences in diastereomeric(5S)‐methyl‐3‐(o‐aryl)‐2,4‐oxazolidinediones
Authors: Demir Öznur , Doğan İlknur
Published: February 2003

The thermally interconvertible diastereomers of the (5S)‐methyl‐3‐(o‐aryl)‐2,4‐oxazolidinediones were synthesized and their conformers studied by 1H NMR and HPLC. The barriers to rotation about the N‐Caryl bond were found to be very much solvent dependent. For the o‐fluoro oxazolidinedione, difference in barriers to rotation in deuterated methanol and deuterated chloroform amounted to 34 kJ/mol. ortho‐Bromo substitution increased the barrier to rotation up to 100 kJ/mol in ethanol, which enabled the analytical separation of the diastereomers and observation of the thermodynamic enrichment of the S‐P conformer by HPLC. In CDCl3 by 1H NMR, on the other hand, a barrier of only 89 kJ/mol was determined. The S‐M and S‐P conformers of the diastereomers of o‐methyl, α‐naphthyl and o‐iodo derivatives have been assigned by NOESY experiments and the kinetic and thermodynamic constants for the interconversion between the S‐M and S‐P conformers were determined. Chirality 15:242–250, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tissue response to a newly developed calcium phosphate cement containing succinic acid and carboxymethyl‐chitin
Authors: Yokoyama Atsuro , Matsuno Hironobu , Yamamoto Satoru , Kawasaki Takao , Kohgo Takao , Uo Motohiro , Watari Fumio , Nakasu Masanori
Published: February 2003

We developed a new calcium phosphate cement containing succinic acid and carboxymethyl‐chitin in the liquid component. In this study, the biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of this new cement were investigated. After mixing, cement in putty form was implanted immediately between the periosteum and parietal bone and in the subcutaneous tissues of rats. In control cement, distilled water was used instead of the liquid component. In addition to histological evaluations, analyses with X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared were performed for the subcutaneously implanted cements. Histological examination showed slight inflammation around the new cement on the bone and in the subcutaneous tissue at 1 week after surgery. At 2 weeks, the cement was partially bound to the parietal bone. The extent of the surface of the new cement directly in contact with the bone increased with time, and most of the undersurface of the new cement bound to the host parietal bone by 8 weeks. Analysis by X‐ray diffraction showed that the new cement in the subcutaneous tissue was transformed into hydroxyapatite by 8 weeks. These results indicate that this new calcium phosphate cement is useful as a bone substitute material. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 64A: 491–501, 2003
Suppression of the inflammatory response from adherent cells on phospholipid polymers
Authors: Sawada Shin‐ichi , Sakaki Shujiro , Iwasaki Yasuhiko , Nakabayashi Nobuo , Ishihara Kazuhiko
Published: February 2003

The expression of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) messenger RNA (mRNA) in macrophage‐like cells cultured on phospholipid polymers was evaluated to determine the extent of the inflammatory response. As phospholipid polymers, poly(2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine(MPC)‐co‐n‐butyl methacrylate(BMA)s (PMBs) were synthesized. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), and segmented poly(ether urethane) (Tecoflex® 60) were used as reference biomedical polymers. The protein adsorption onto the polymer surfaces from a cell culture medium was determined. The amount of the total protein adsorbed onto the PMBs was lower than that adsorbed onto the reference polymers, and the amount of adsorbed protein decreased with an increase in the MPC units in the PMBs. Human premyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL‐60) was used, and the expression of IL‐1β mRNA was investigated with the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) method. When HL‐60 cells were cultured on PMBs, the expression of IL‐1β mRNA in the cells was much less than that on the reference polymers. In particular, the expression of IL‐1β mRNA in HL‐60 cells cultured on the PMBs containing more than 10 mol % MPC units was not detected. This corresponded to the reduced amount of adsorbed proteins on the PMB surfaces. These results suggest that the PMBs effectively suppressed the activation and inflammatory response of adherent macrophagelike cells. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 64A: 411–416, 2003
Porous polymer scaffolds surface‐modified with arginine‐glycine‐aspartic acid enhance bone cell attachment and differentiation in vitro
Authors: Hu Yunhua , Winn Shelley R. , Krajbich Ian , Hollinger Jeffrey O.
Published: February 2003

This study was designed to determine if the surface modification of porous poly(lactic acid) (PLA) scaffolds would enhance osteogenic precursor cell (OPC) attachment, growth, and differentiation. A covalently grafted amino group (−NH2), poly(L‐lysine) (PLL), and the peptide arginine‐glycine‐aspartic acid (RGD) were selected for the evaluation. The hypothesis was that surface modification would have a positive impact on cell–substratum interactions. The experiment was performed by OPC cells being placed on PLA films and scaffolds modified with NH2, PLL, or RGD in tissue culture media. OPC attachment to PLA films was assessed after 24 h of incubation. The growth and differentiation of the adherent OPCs on porous PLA scaffolds were assessed after 14 and 28 days for alkaline phosphatase (APase) activity and calcium levels, both of which increase as OPCs differentiate into mature bone cells. All assays were accomplished in triplicate, and data were tested with post hoc orthogonal contrasts (i.e., Fisher's least significant difference) at p ≤ 0.05. The PLA film surface‐modified with RGD showed better OPC cell attachment than the other films. The cells on the PLA scaffolds surface‐modified with RGD also exhibited an increase in APase activity and calcium levels in comparison with those on other scaffolds. This difference was apparent at both time intervals and was especially evident in the tissue culture media containing an osteogenic supplement. The results of this study indicate that modifying the surface of PLA polymer scaffolds with RGD enhances bone cell attachment and differentiation and may improve their ability to regenerate bone tissue more efficiently in wound models. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 64A: 583–590, 2003
Prevalence and correlation of urinary incontinence and overactive bladder in Taiwanese women
Authors: Chen Gin‐Den , Lin Tzu‐Li , Hu Suh‐Woan , Chen Yi‐Ching , Lin Long‐Yau
Published: February 2003

Aims

We randomly sampled a community‐based, healthy population to evaluate the prevalence and correlation of urinary incontinence and overactive bladder. We also assessed the influences of these conditions on quality of life and associated risk factors.

Methods

Of the 1,581 women sampled (2.92% of registered female residents aged 20 years and older), 1,253 (79.1%) women were successfully interviewed by using the Bristol Female Urinary Tract Symptoms Questionnaire (r=0.87, P<0.05) and the Questionnaire of Impact index regarding the impact on quality of life (r=0.91, P<0.05).

Results

A total of 53.7% of the women sampled suffered from urinary incontinence and related symptoms. The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and mixed incontinence, mutually exclusive of each, was 18.0%, 18.6%, and 17.1%, respectively, from the patients' perceptions. Judging by the criteria of the International Continence Society, the prevalence of the above three conditions was 4.3%, 2.4%, and 1.8%, respectively. Of the women who perceived storage symptoms, 21.1% experienced frequency, 12.6% had urgency, 25.5% had nocturia, and 9.1% had urge incontinence. The occurrence of stress urinary incontinence increased with age up to 65 years old (25% in 50–65‐year‐old cohort), and the number of overactive bladder conditions significantly increased in the elderly women (over 65 years old, 39.3%). Approximately two thirds of the incontinent women had restricted their social activities (due to worrying about wetting or leakage and no toilet facilities available), and approximately 19% of the incontinent women had an affected sexual life. However, only 27.1% of the women with urinary incontinence and related symptoms in this study had reported seeking medical services to solve these problems.

Conclusions

The prevalence of urinary incontinence and overactive bladder in Taiwanese women is similar to that of Western women. Neurourol. Urodynam. 22:109–117, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quest for standardisation of electrical sensory testing in the lower urinary tract: The influence of technique related factors on bladder electrical thresholds
Authors: De Wachter Stefan , Wyndaele Jean Jacques
Published: February 2003

Aims

The aim of this study is to determine the influence of technique‐related factors on bladder electrical thresholds in order to establish more standardisation in electrical sensory testing in the lower urinary tract (LUT).

Methods

In 51 young healthy volunteers, electrical thresholds were determined in the bladder by using different techniques described in the literature. Within an individual, thresholds were repeatedly determined in the bladder while varying the position of the stimulating electrodes and the intravesical volume.

Results

The height of bladder electrical thresholds is influenced by the position of the stimulating electrodes and the volume of the intravesical fluid at the time of the examination. By filling the bladder, the sensitivity of the bladder toward electrical stimulation can be increased.

Conclusions

Although the techniques to test electrical sensitivity have already proven to be a valuable tool in diagnosing the presence of neuropathy in the LUT, its full scope can only be evaluated after standardisation. Therefore, it is proposed that the position of the stimulating electrodes and the bladder volume at the time of the examination should be outlined in studies and standardised. Neurourol. Urodynam. 22:118–122, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.