bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validating Visual Art Educators’ Test Construction Skills at the Senior High School in the Sekyere South District of Ashanti Region, Ghana
Authors:   SDA Senior High School-Agona, Ghana, Adiyaa Osei , Osei-Poku P. ,   Faculty of Educational Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana, Essel H. Barton ,   Faculty of Educational Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
Published: August 2022

This study assessed visual arts teachers’ test construction skills of examination questions (multiple-choice and essay) in General Knowledge in Art (GKA) at the Senior High School (SHS) in the Sekyere South District of Ashanti Region (SSDAR), Ghana. The survey design method was adopted for the study. A sample of n = 35 Visual arts/GKA teachers was selected from five public Senior High Schools. The 25-item Test Construction Skills Inventory (TCSI) and 32-item Attitude of Teachers towards Test Construction (ATC) questionnaire with internal consistency reliability coefficient of α = 0.73 and α = 0.85 respectively were used in the study for the data collection on test construction skills. GKA teachers’ knowledge of test construction skills was established through Chi-square. As the calculated chi-square test (X2 =106.10) exceeds the critical chi-squared value (X2 = 14.067), the data showed that a significant difference exists between the expected and observed GKA teachers’ knowledge on test construction skills indicating the observed values do not have a ''good-fit'' with the expected values. The level of GKA teachers’ knowledge of test construction skills was, therefore, can be described as limited. The study recommended that conferences/workshops on test construction should be organised to improve teachers' ability on test construction and proper evaluation routine by regional and district directorate to ensure quality GKA test construction.
The Environmental Conservation, Legal and Ethical Issues concerning Herbal Products in Nigeria
Authors: Aidonojie Paul , Idahosa Milicent Ekeata , Agbale Omohoste Patience , Oyedeji Adefisayo Ifeoluwa
Published: August 2022

It has been widely reported that there have been rising cases of communicable and non-communicable disease, given the poor level of unhealthy lifestyle and disease outbreak from poor scientific laboratory management. It must be noted that Nigeria has also had its fair share of the rising cases of most infectious diseases. However, in quest of most persons affected by various communicable diseases in Nigeria, it has led finding a better solace and cures to these communicable diseases, by resulting to taking phytomedicine or herbal product. It suffices to state that the growing demand for herbal medicine in Nigeria in the cure or treatment of communicable diseases results from its natural, medicinal, and therapeutic effects. However, the increasing demand for the herbal product has resulted in indiscriminate plant harvest and various individuals not being skilled in the art of herbal medicine production to indulge in manufacturing a poor, harmful and low-quality herbal product. It must be noted that although the international community set out ethical guidelines concerning the the conservation of plant material and manufacturing of herbal medicine. It is in this regard that this study tends to examine the international legal framework concerning environmental conservation of plant material and, local legal and ethical framework concerning the production of herbal products in Nigeria.
Pengaruh Motivasi, Gaya Hidup an Kepercayaan Konsumen terhadap Keputusan Pembelian di Facebook Marketplace:
Authors: Aprilia Annisa , Ramadhani Sri , Aslami Nuri
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to see how motivation, lifestyle, and consumer confidence affect purchasing decisions on Facebook Marketplace (Case Study on State Campus Students in Medan City). Purchase decision is the dependent variable, while motivation, lifestyle and consumer confidence are independent factors. The information used was collected directly from state university students in the city of Medan. The data regression panel was used to analyze the data in this study, which was carried out using SPSS 25 software. The sample in this study consisted of 105 samples collected using a purposive sampling strategy.

Keywords: Motivation, Lifestyle, Consumer Confidence, Purchase Decision, Facebook Marketplace.
Post brain injury effectiveness of metacognition strategy training in young adults - a review literature
Authors: TIWARI APOORVA
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT  
Brain injury is an umbrella term in which there is an insult to the brain and its vital structures either through direct external injuries where fall, road traffic accidents, sports injuries assaults cause injury to grey or white matter of the brain. Or there is a secondary injury to the brain post-infectious disorders, inflammatory disorders, and autoimmune disorders. A head injury might cause loss of motor control, sensory control, poor balance, and coordination. Cognitive activity, specifical metacognition, is highly affected, causing a lack of self-awareness of actions in patients with persistent long-term symptoms. Head injury in a young adult causes long-term difficulties in learning, memory problems abstract thinking, which causes massive difficulty in their learning performance in the later stage of life. Metacognitive strategy learning and cognitive rehabilitation in the later stage of brain injury improve the learning capabilities and abstract thinking and help them improve their self-awareness and thinking capabilities.
Key message: Metacognition strategy training along with cognitive rehabilitation therapy improves the learning disability and abstract thinking in young adult with brain injury.
Keywords: Metacognition, Strategy training, Head injury, Memory, Cognition rehabilitation, learning disability.
An important star of women's literature in Haripur
Authors: J.Aziz Javeria Aziz
Published: August 2022

Sayyeda Bakhtawar shah Shafaq’s collection of poems has a lot of good traits and many characteristics of effective poetry. In Haripur, there is a dire need of an experienced poetess like her before. This  essential necessity was fulfilled by her beautiful poetry having the qualities of thought provoking subjects creativity and impact on messes. The different aspect of her poetry are about the relationship of life with this material world, exploring the mysteries of humanity prevailed throughout the global and separation of the cherished people as well as of the things and how much impressive their separation is for the inhabitants here. Her poetry also deals with human social issues and their recognition in a unique way. Melody and cynicism are also presented by her verses. Her innocence and simplicity of nature shine through her work. She portrays ups and down and many bitter realities of human life but not in a convention way aspeactised by others.
Design Application GM3-Bacterial© Application Based on Android Smartphone for Bacterial Identification
Authors: Megahati S Ruth Rize Paas , Azhar
Published: August 2022

Digital technology continues to develop along with the times, such as Android smartphones. Android smartphones are a new innovation in the identification of bacteria carried out in the Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory. Identification of bacteria in the Microbiology and Biotechnology laboratory is usually done manually using various substances, is expensive, has to do a lot of tests, and has to grow bacteria in vitro in a growth medium. In addition, the inaccuracy of the results of bacterial identification if the bacteria tested show unique and different biochemical characteristics and do not match the characteristics of the genus of the species being tested. Human error also occurs during the identification of bacteria and it takes a long time to find out the results of bacterial identification. The specific objective of the research is to produce an innovative GM3-Bacterial© application based on Android smartphones for bacterial identification. The research method is the GM3-bacterial© application initial display design and design prototype aplikasi GM3-bacterial©. The results showed that the design of the GM3-bacterial© application prototype design application had been successfully carried out. The GM3-Bacterial© application based on Android smartphones has been successfully designed using the Software suite for building GM3-bacterial© applications. The GM3-Bacterial© application is based on an Android smartphone for the identification of bacteria such as the recognition of morphology, biochemical properties, and types of bacteria.
Utilization of Youtube Videos as Learning Media in the Mass of the Covid 19 Pandemic in the History of Islamic Culture for Class XII Students
Authors: Ziaulhaq Wahyuziaulhaq
Published: August 2022

This study describes the use of YouTube videos as learning media in the Covid-19 pandemic mass in the history of Islamic culture in class XII students. The purpose of this research is to educate readers that during the COVID-19 pandemic, learning activities are not carried out face-to-face but utilize digital technology to break the chain of transmission of Covid 19 through YouTube videos. The research method used is qualitative. The approach used is anthropological and sociological. Data collection techniques are through observation and unstructured interviews, after the data is obtained, the data is analyzed scientifically. The results of the research that have been found show that. First, YouTube videos are the right media to be used as a source of teaching materials for the COVID-19 masses so that students can study at home. Second, youtube shows are easily accessible by students. Third, YouTube shows are packaged in interesting and easy-to-understand languages ​​for students and are held for 30 minutes.
Direct Benefit Transfer: The Great Technological Move of India
Authors: Ahmad Showkat
Published: August 2022

DBT has been used to deliver over 450 schemes to over 900 million people. Since 2016, the government has deposited nearly 65% of the welfare and subsidy budget directly into beneficiaries' accounts. DBT will undoubtedly meet the government's and people's expectations, especially those of the poor and unfortunate. We hope that more schemes will be covered by DBT, and that the entire country and its people will receive benefits without delay or flaws. As a result, the government must make a concerted effort in various areas of planning to improve the lives of the poor and powerless in society. In this way, DBT helps create an environment where people can live long, healthy, and creative lives. This paper examines the role of Direct Benefit Transfer.
Social Studies Working Students' Experiences of Online Learning
Authors: PEDROSO JOHN ERWIN , Crudo Mark Louie , Magno Lester , Mellizo Heart
Published: August 2022

Working students felt the impact of the uncertainties brought by the pandemic and faced issues influenced by various factors such as time constraints, home-schooling, and limited workspaces at home. This descriptive phenomenological qualitative study focused on describing the experiences of social studies working students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conducted among six (6) social studies working students determined through purposive sampling. The data were gathered using a duly-validated researcher-made questionnaire administered through online platforms such as messenger and e-mail. The accumulated data was then analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis. Social studies working on students’ experiences of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic emerged to have three (3) major themes which are motivational experiences, roadblock experiences, and coping experiences, and six (6) major categories. The motivational experiences considered by social studies working students to pursue working while studying encompasses intrapersonal motivation and interpersonal motivation. Furthermore, during the course of their working-while-studying experience, they faced roadblock experiences such as challenges encountered and thoughts of discontinuing. In light of this, social studies working students had coping experiences namely coping with responsibilities and coping with feeling overwhelmed which helped them cope up with the demands of their duties. Delving into the experiences of social studies working students during the COVID-19 pandemic is critical in order to understand what they were going through. It is vital that these individuals' lived experiences be considered, knowing that they constitute an essential part of society.
CYBER CRIME AMONG MATHEMATICAL SCIENCE STUDENTS: IMPLICATIONS ON THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
Authors: Adegbola Ismail , Fadara Oludele
Published: August 2022

Cybercrime refers to abuse and misuse of computer and internet facilities by an individual or a corporate body in the cyberspace. It is a crime that is very rampant among students of both secondary and tertiary institution in Nigeria. It is crimes that need to be fight holistically by cyber security experts because it stands to destroy the moral foundation of every nation. This research intend to evaluate the effect cybercrime has on academic performance of mathematical science students of Oyo State College of Education Lanlate, Oyo State Nigeria. This research uses a case study design method through the use of questionnaire. Random sampling with replacement was used to select 150 respondents from NCE I - III. The data collected was analysed using mean score rating. The study reveals that majority of respondent have in-depth knowledge of what cybercrime is and how it is been perpetrated. The respondent claimed to know through friends and internet. Also, respondent attributed the course to poverty, peer influence and non-prosecution of offender by the security agency. The study revealed that student who indulge in cybercrime have difficulty in concentration in the class, poor study habit and eventually drop out of school due to poor performances. Students who get addicted to cybercrime often get convicted; go to prison and eventually loss their life. The study recommends that government should include courses to treat cybercrime in the secondary and university curriculum. Also an aggressive orientation from government mass media and religious body should be done to expose innocent youth to menace of cybercrime. Also government should improve the economic situation of the country by providing job opportunity, empowerment and relief fund for youth to have a better life.
APPLICATION OF THE ICARE MODEL TO IMPROVE PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITY IN MOMENTUM AND IMPULSE MATERIALS IN CLASS X SMA
Authors: Utami Alifia Mentari , Azhar  , Yennita
Published: August 2022

Problem solving ability is the ability of individuals to use their thinking processes to solve problems through the stages of understanding the problem, planning problem solving, implementing problem solving, and re-examining solutions. The purpose of this study is to determine the problem solving ability of students using the ICARE model and to determine the differences in problem solving abilities. The type of research used is experimental research with a quasi-experimental design "Nonequivalent control group design" with the "Posttest only control group design" model. The population of this study is all students of class X IPA SMA Negeri 1 Tambang for the academic year 2021/2022 with a sample of 59 students consisting of class X IPA 1 as the control class, which consists of 31 students and class X IPA 2 as the experimental class. 28 students. The data collection instrument was in the form of a test of momentum and impulse problem-solving skills for class X SMA which consisted of 5 essay questions. The data analysis used is descriptive analysis through the results of students' problem solving abilities and inferential analysis through normality test, homogeneity test and independent sample t test with the help of SPSS version 23. The results show that the results of students' problem solving abilities in the experimental class are better than the experimental class. control and there are differences in the results of problem solving abilities between the experimental class that applies the ICARE model and the control class that applies the conventional learning model.

Keywords: Problem Solving Ability, ICARE Model, Momentum and Impulse
Website-Based Module Design on Virus Materials for Class X High School
Authors: Yanti Febri , Elna Amatul Friska , Zikra
Published: August 2022

This study aims to produce a website-based module on Virus material for class X high school students. This research was conducted at PGRI University, West Sumatra, in the 2022/2023 academic year. The method used in this research is ADDIE, where the stages of this ADDIE consist of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. However, considering the limited time in this research process, the researchers conducted research only up to the design stage. The instrument used in data collection used a student analysis questionnaire. Data analysis techniques in this study are descriptive data and qualitative data. Based on the results of the analysis of the teaching materials used in the learning process in the form of high school biology textbooks, it shows that the books analyzed still have several shortcomings that do not describe one of the core competencies and basic competencies. Based on the results of the analysis of students, it was found that students still have difficulty in understanding biology learning resources, especially on virus material because the material is abstract and cannot be observed directly, besides that there are many terms that are not understood by students, and the most The main reason is the lack of availability of good learning resources. Thus, it is necessary to develop modules so that students better understand virus learning.
Picocyanobacteria in Surface Water Bodies
Authors: Sandoval Valencia Alejandra , Dahiana Salas Lisseth , Alejandra Pérez Gutiérrez María , María Munera Porras Luisa , Alberto Ríos-Osorio Leonardo
Published: August 2022

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) in lentic, low tidal water bodies with high concentrations of easily assimilated nutrients have generated worldwide concern. However, CyanoHABs often formed from a variety of lesser-known taxa, such as nanocyanobacteria and picocyanobacteria, which are characterized as numerous and ubiquitous in diverse environments. Studies indicate that some taxa of picocyanobacteria can produce toxins. However, their identification through conventional methods is limited by their size and physiological plasticity, recently molecular methods have been chosen for more reliable results. this systematic review aims to summarize the results of original research articles on predominant picocyanobacteria in surface water bodies collected in indexed journal articles and gray literature. The methodology used consisted of searching for original publications in 3 specific databases and one general, using thesauri and free terms; the articles were filtered by previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty-four articles were selected and analyzed. The results show that the predominant picocyanobacteria in freshwater systems belong to the genus Synechococcus, reported in oligotrophic systems and capable of producing cyanotoxins. Likewise, from 2015 to 2019, the largest number of publications on this topic was obtained, mainly in countries such as China and the United States, which invest in research resources.
Perspective Chapter: Dental and Orofacial Trauma Impacts on Oral-Health-Related—Quality of Life in Children – Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Malele-Kolisa Yolanda , Khan Nazia , Primrose Molete Mpho , Desiree Thekiso Maphefo , Mabongo Mzubanzi
Published: August 2022

Orofacial trauma including traumatic dental injuries is a public health problem and has the potential to adversely affect the quality of life in children. These injuries include hard and soft tissue. Quality of life is impacted when the health and oral health of the children and their parents and family are affected. Oral health includes the ability to speak, smile, smell, taste, chew, swallow, and convey emotions through facial expressions with confidence. Poor oral health conditions include dental injuries from trauma, result in pain, soreness, discomfort, and embarrassment during routine daily activities. Traumatic dental injuries contribute to the aesthetic, functional, psychological, social, and economic distress lowering self-image and negatively impacting the quality of life among children, and their families in both developed and low- and middle-income countries. It is important to appreciate the impacts of dental trauma on children and their families more so in areas of low income as these areas have a higher propensity of above average oral-related quality of life impacts. Necessary dental management and treatment should be performed as soon as possible consequent to injury to relieve pain and discomfort, restore function, uplift appearance, and self-esteem, and enhance social well-being. This holistic management approach will improve treatment outcomes and ultimately enhance the quality-of-life post-dental injury.
Adhesion Promoters for Gluing-Selected Materials in Furniture Industry
Authors: Krystofiak Tomasz
Published: August 2022

Surface treatment with plasma, corona, or air and the use of adhesion promoters (primers) are methods that can be used to improve the gluability of various materials. Adhesion promoters based on organosilicone compounds from the solventborne and waterborne catalyzed by isocyanates were used in the study. Dispersions and hot melt adhesives based on various thermoplastic polymers were used. Rheological properties and surface-free energy as well as dispersion and polar shares in substrate-adhesion promoter systems were evaluated. The strength and resistance of glue lines were determined. The tested primers and adhesives were classified as rheostable liquids, diluted in shear, not showing the flow limit. Covering of the surfaces of PVC foils and ABS, PS, PVC edges with primers caused increase in surface-free energy, especially polar share. Significant improvement of strength and resistance of glue-lines was observed (100% delamination in the substrate).
Estimation of Equivalent Thermal Conductivity Value Using Correlation Relationships with Other Oil Reservoir Properties
Authors: Timur Chiș , Cristina Jugastreanu , Rădulescu Renata
Published: August 2022

In the exploitation of oil and gas reservoirs, thermal conductivity is the property of greatest importance in the application of secondary and tertiary oil fluid recovery techniques. This is why this property has been analyzed by estimating its value using several calculation models. But each model for calculating the value of this property is burdened by the fact that in the reservoir, the rocks are not like the chosen models (being made up of geological conglomerates with various inclusions). This paper presents a technique for estimating thermal conductivity (by energy transfer between overlying strata) and determining its value by a new calculation model. The paper also determined the thermal conductivity values for several rocks constituting some Romanian reservoirs, the aim of this material being to analyze the thermal behavior of rocks in condensed gas-rich areas.
Cement-Based Materials in Dentistry
Authors: Staněk Ján , Elia Azar Basel , Fichtel Tomáš
Published: August 2022

Cement-based materials in dentistry have experienced rapid development. In the field of operative dentistry, there are mainly developing calcium silicate cements, which have made it possible to solve previously difficult situations such as perforation of the root-canal system, direct pulp capping, filling and preserving teeth with widely open foramen apicale. These materials are based on the Portland cement. This chapter will describe the development, properties, indications and limitations of these materials. In the field of prosthodnotics, the prosthetic restoration is connected to the remaining tissues with the help of cements. Requirements for such materials and the available options will be described. The choice of suitable cement is based on its properties, requirements (such as moisture control), the material of the restoration (optimal choice can affect and strengthen the material) and the characteristics of the remaining dental tissues (such as the conicity of the prepared tooth). The chemical preparation of the tooth and prosthetic material connected with the individual types of the cements, which are capable to ensure the firm connection leading to the long-term and aesthetic result, will be described.
Perspective Chapter: Design and Characterization of Natural and Synthetic Soft Polymeric Materials with Biomimetic 3D Microarchitecture for Tissue Engineering and Medical Applications
Authors: Huang Ching-Cheng , Shiotsuki Masashi
Published: August 2022

Continuous work and developments in biomedical materials used in three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting have contributed to significant growth of 3D bioprinting applications in the production of personalized tissue-repairing membrane, skin graft, prostheses, medication delivery system, and 3D tissue engineering and regenerative medicine scaffolds. The design of clinic products and devices focus on new natural and synthetic biomedical materials employed for therapeutic applications in different 3D bioprinting technologies. Design and characterization of natural and synthetic soft polymeric materials with biomimetic 3D microarchitecture were considered. The natural soft polymeric materials would focus on new design bioinspired membranes containing supercritical fluids-decellularized dermal scaffolds for 3D bioprinting potential applications. Synthetic soft polymeric materials would focus on bioinspired polyvinyl alcohol (b-PVA) matrix with structural foam-wall microarchitectures. Characterization, thermal stability, and cell morphology of the b-PVA and the corresponding collagen-modified b-PVA were employed to evaluate their potential tissue engineering applications. Also, the b-PVA materials were conductive to HepG2 cells proliferation, migration, and expression, which might serve as a promising liver cell culture carrier to be used in the biological artificial liver reactor. TGA, DTG, DSC, SEM, and FTIR were employed to build up the effective system identification approach for biomimetic structure, stability, purity, and safety of target soft matrix.
Responses of Endoplasmic Reticulum to Plant Stress
Authors: Jyoti Baruah Vishwa , Sarmah Bhaswati , Saluja Manny , H. Mahood Elizabeth
Published: August 2022

Global climate change has resulted in alterations in the biotic and abiotic conditions of the planet. This has led to changes in the agricultural system resulting from reduced water availability, increased temperature increase in the population and occurrences of pests and diseases. Plants are adversely affected when they experience any stress retarding their growth, development and productivity. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is an organelle that shows a tremendous response when subjected to stress conditions. Therefore, to explore and comprehend plants’ multidimensional interactions when subjected to stress conditions, an insight into the molecular stress signalling in the ER in response to the stress situation is discussed in this chapter.
Social Media and Democracy
Authors: Drobot Irina-Ana
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the implications of freedom of speech regarding political discussions on social media platforms, such as Facebook. The paper will look at the following aspects: the occasion when social media users have to discuss politics as a hobby and as a means to keep their ideas out of the view of face-to-face social circles, to engage in social issues and even be part of protests, to discuss politicians’ public image, and attempt to change some users’ perception about it. Within social media, we witness debates or simple displays of emotions, allowing users to speak their minds and interact with other users, showing empathy toward them. The benefits of this are related to the therapeutic effects of speaking about what upsets them or angers them and finding like-minded users.
Understanding Happiness in the Pacific Islands: A Qualitative Study with University Staff in Fiji
Authors: Crookes Annie , A. Warren Meg
Published: August 2022

The concept of happiness has been the subject of critical analysis throughout the Western philosophical thought. Current conceptualizations focus on the role of cultural traditions and consumerist societal values. However, there is increasing scientific evidence that happiness is a product of multiple factors, the specific pattern of which differs across cultures. Yet, the cross-cultural literature tends to condense this into a Western–individualist versus non-Western-collectivisthappiness dichotomy. This overlooks the vast diversity in global collectivist societies and more research is needed from under-represented, indigenous populations. This study aims to provide a qualitative exploration of the definitions, experiences, and outcomes of happiness within a professional sample of Indigenous Pacific Fijian and Indian-Fijian ethnic groups. The data revealed eight inter-related themes that, together, suggest the experience of happiness in Fijians is a product of collectivist cultural and religious structures, individual goals and needs, and the practical environment (housing and land systems) of the Pacific Islands. This model of happiness both supports and extends existing literature from other non-Western populations. Importantly, the mix of indigenous, colonial, and environmental influences which seem to underlie the Fijian understanding of happiness support the call for contextualized analyses and socioecological approaches to happiness and well-being research.
Risk Factors for Intra-operative Bleeding in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in an Academic Center: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Nasseh Hamidreza , Mokhtari Gholamreza , Ghasemi Samira , Biazar Gelareh , Kazemnezhad Leyli Ehsan , Gholamjani Moghaddam Keivan
Published: August 2022

Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) is the treatment of choice for renal stones as a safe, effective, and minimally invasive method. However, bleeding remains a major concern in the procedure. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of bleeding in PNL. Methods: This retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Urology department of Razi hospital. The data of patients with urinary calculi staghorn type who underwent PNL in a prone position under general anesthesia were recorded. A checklist including patients' demographics, surgical characteristics, and outcomes was filled out for each patient. Results: The data from 151 complete files were gathered. The mean age of the cases was 47.89 ± 12.41 years. The mean hemoglobin (Hb) drop was 1.92 ± 1.56 mg/dL. At least 1 mg/dL Hb drop was observed in all cases. The highest Hb drop was 3 mg/dL.). There was no significant relationship between stone bulk, age, BMI, GFR, surgery duration, and the number of tracts, and Hb drop during PNL (P > 0.05). But there was a positive correlation between Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) history (P = 0.01) and transfusion (P = 0.0001) and Hb drop during PNL. Also, the history of open kidney surgery (P = 0.031), nephrostomy insertion (P = 0.003), and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy therapy (ESWL) (P = 0.041) were correlated with the increased risk of Hb drop. Conclusions: Urinary tract infection, history of open surgery, nephrostomy implantation, and ESWL were significantly associated with more bleeding in PNL.
A Case Report of Intrapulmonary Mature Cystic Teratoma of the Lung
Authors: Seddiqui Romal , Shirpor Abdul Shokor , Kamal Mohammad Ibrahim , Halimi Sultan Ahmad
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Intrapulmonary mature cystic teratoma is an extremely rare form of extragonadal teratoma that frequently presents with nonspecific clinical and radiologic findings. The first case was described by Mohr in 1839. It usually involves the upper lobes of the left lung. Case Presentation: In this report, we describe the first case of a 28-year-old woman from Kabul, Afghanistan, who was diagnosed with intrapulmonary mature cystic teratoma in the left upper lobe and complained of dry cough and hemoptysis 6 months before her admission. Preoperatively, the clinicians suggested a diagnosis of lung abscess based on the symptoms and radiological findings. Postoperatively, the lesion was diagnosed as intrapulmonary mature cystic teratoma by anatomopathological examination. Conclusions: Intrapulmonary mature cystic teratomas are usually misdiagnosed preoperatively due to nonspecific clinical symptoms, and indistinguishable radiographic findings, and should keep in the differential diagnosis of all cystic lesions. An accurate diagnosis is made by postoperative anatomopathological examination, and complete surgical resection of the lesion is considered the optimal treatment.
Time-Frequency Nexus between Tourism Development, Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, and Ecological Footprint in Singapore
Authors: Ngoc Bui Hoang , Hai Le Mai
Published: August 2022

Singapore has been listed as one of the top-visited countries and has the highest ecological deficit. Despite the abundance of previous studies, the distinction between short, medium, and long term by decomposing tourism development, economic growth, energy consumption, and ecological footprint has been largely ignored. This study aims to investigate the lead-lag nexus structures between ecological footprint and Singapore's economic activities from 1978 to 2016. By adopting the wavelet analysis and scale-by-scale Granger causality test, the outcomes show that energy consumption positively impacts ecological footprint at high frequencies, while tourism and economic growth positively drive ecological footprint at high and medium frequencies. We also find that the positive impact of macroeconomic variables on ecological footprint has not been evident since 2003. Additionally, the wavelet-based Granger test confirms a bi-directional causal between economic growth and ecological footprint at all frequencies, whilst there is a bi-directional relationship between tourism, energy consumption, and ecological footprint at high frequency. Based on these findings, the research may further strengthen the belief of Singapore’s policy-makers on the promotion of tourism and suggests some helpful lessons for emerging countries.
New Zealand Subsoil Using Legal Regime
Authors: Manin Iaroslav
Published: August 2022

The object of the study is the relations of subsurface use in New Zealand, the subject is the legal regulation of the exploitation of New Zealand natural resources contained in the subsurface and on the seabed - in sulfide fields. The author examines in detail the state mechanism of environmental management, paying special attention to the role of local authorities and the indigenous Maori population in the procedure for granting the right to use mineral deposits, as well as the specifics of the search and production of hydrocarbons on the continental shelf, the legal regime of Antarctica, New Zealand subantarctic territories and water areas. The article examines the institution of ownership of land and subsoil, the permissive procedure for the use of natural objects. The relevance of the work is due to its practical significance and reflects domestic economic interests in Oceania. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the originality of the work containing fundamentally new information on the subject of research - the only one in Russia and one of the few published scientific works on New Zealand natural resource law in the world. The publication analyzes the laws in the current year's edition, it can be used for comparative jurisprudence, in the legislative process, for educational, scientific and other purposes, the article contains conclusions on the text and at the end of the study. The conclusion about the sovereignty of the British Crown over the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf of New Zealand, the proclamation of the New Zealand sovereign as the owner of the natural resources of the relevant waters, contrary to the norms of international maritime law, is important for ensuring peace and global security. The experience of municipal and parliamentary control, specialized environmental justice of New Zealand can be used by the Russian Federation.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTION OF TRIPHALA GUGGULU: A REVIEW
Authors: Rawat Neelam , Yadav Yadevendra , Mitra Shuchi , Sharma Usha , Sharma Khem Chand
Published: August 2022

Triphala Guggulu, an Ayurvedic herbal formulation, consists of dried powder of fruits of three plants commonly known as Triphala: Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (Euphorbiaceae), Terminalia bellerica Roxb. (Combretaceae) and Terminalia chebula Retz. (Combretaceae) along with Piper longum Linn. (Piperaceae), combined with the oleo-gum resin of Commiphora wightii Arnott. Bhandari (Burseraceae). It is mentioned in the Ayurvedic Formulary of India (AFI) taken from Sharngadhar Samhita for several therapeutic uses. This formulation is indicated in the treatment of Bhagandara (fissure-in-ano), Gulma (Benign growths), Shotha (Inflammation) and Arsha (Piles) by Acharya Sharangdhara Mishra in his book. This review article aims to evaluate all the experimental work done on the anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial action of constituents of Triphala Guggulu. A review of all research work was done from the Central Council of Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS) database of medicinal plants and online research journals. The outcome of this study shows that all Triphala Guggulu ingredients can work as anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity against a wide range of microbes. Thus, Triphala Guggulu is an effective formulation to cure infectious wounds and normalize gut motility, beneficial in health conditions such as Piles, Fistula, Inflammation etc.
A REVIEW ON THE ROLE OF DIABETIC SELF-MANAGEMENT EDUCATION IN MADHUMEHA
Authors: . Nusaiba
Published: August 2022

A sedentary lifestyle, improper eating patterns and stressful mental conditions in the present scenario have invited many distressing diseases. Diabetes is among them and is gaining the status of a potential epidemic in India. WHO declares India to be the Diabetic capital of the world by2025. Diabetes self-care management plays a vital role by making several considerations and choices that patients must make daily. It includes knowledge and awareness about Diabetes causes, control, diet and lifestyle changes to survive the complex nature of this disease. Diabetes Self-Management Education is a critical element with seven self-care behaviours aimed at caring for all people with diabetes to prevent complications and those at risk of developing the disease. Our science aims to rejuvenate the body by balancing the glycaemia level and ensuring that there won’t be any further complications. Acharya Charaka mentions about three steps in treating Madhumeha (Diabetes Mellitus), like Nidana parivarjana (Avoiding causative factors), Vihara (Lifestyle changes) and Aushadha (Treatment).
ROLE OF HONEY IN NOCTURNAL COUGH IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS: A CRITICAL REVIEW
Authors: Nagar Rakesh Kumar , Ojha Nisha Kumari
Published: August 2022

Acute respiratory infections (A.R.I.s) remain the leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in India, causing an estimated 4 million pneumonia and 1 million fatalities annually. Except during the neonatal period, A.R.I.s are the primary cause of illness and death in children under five, with an average of three to six episodes per year. The most prevalent, unpleasant, and early warning sign of A.R.I.s is cough. Cough caused by URTIs or cough without preceding infection causes parental worry in early childhood and is a primary cause of outpatient visits. Cough can impact one's quality of life, cause anxiety, and disrupt children's sleep; therefore, parents frequently seek a rapid remedy for their children. Since antiquity, honey and its numerous remedies have been used to treat coughs effectively. Honey is also essential to paediatric treatment in the Ayurveda medical system. Honey is said to cure various diseases and is recommended in multiple situations as the primary medicine as anupana, sahapana, and on occasion. To support the child's entire physical and cognitive development, Ayurveda encouraged the use of honey in the 'lehana' form, along with ghee (clarified butter oil), other herbal medicines, and Suvarna bhasma. When used to treat a night-time cough, honey gives significant symptomatic relief regarding cough severity, episode length, and insomnia. Honey's mucolytic, anti-inflammatory, and bronchodilator qualities provide comfort from nocturnal coughing, and multiple clinical research has shown that honey is more helpful in lowering cough frequency, intensity, and the impact of cough on sleep.
AN INTEGRATIVE CONCEPTUAL EXPLORATION ON ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF POST-COVID-EOSINOPHILIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO VATAJA KASA: A REVIEW
Authors: Walinjkar Manjiri Jayprakash , Avhad Anil , Goyal Mandip
Published: August 2022

COVID19 has contributed to one of the most concerning issues in the health field because of its extremely high transmission capacity, mortality rate, diverse nature, and adverse effects. Due to the current COVID-19 pandemic, all efforts are currently focused on understanding this new infectious disease, specifically in unravelling the pathophysiological mechanisms for prevention of the disease, literal treatment, and avoiding the lingering symptoms or complications of COVID 19. Eosinophilia is one of the standard laboratory findings after the COVID 19 infection. Out of 242 patients visited at Post-COVID OPD of Kayachikitsa department, ITRA, Jamnagar; in 159 patients, the differential eosinophilic count increased while both differential and the absolute eosinophilic count was raised in 134 patients. Many studies suggest that SARS-CoV-2 was directly or indirectly responsible for eosinophilia due to infection or recovery. The conventional treatment for eosinophilia lowers its count but may not provide satisfactory relief. Also, reducing eosinophil count below the specified limit is not advisable in concern with COVID 19 as eosinopenia may indicate a poor prognosis, and in this way, the eosinophil counts have important value as an indicator of severity as well as complications regarding the patients of COVID-19. Therefore, it is indispensable to understand the precise mechanism of eosinophilia integratively, i.e., by conventional and ancient science, to understand the exact etiopathology and to determine the proper treatment protocol. Considering symptomatology, eosinophilia so far can be correlated with Vataja Kasa from an Ayurvedic point of view. This review aims to illustrate the possible integrative knowledge of eosinophilia with respect to COVID 19.
CRITICAL UNDERSTANDING OF SHATAKRIYAKALA: A REVIEW
Authors: Bhatnagar Sanjay Kumar , Sharma Rajesh Kumar , Sharma Dinesh Chandra
Published: August 2022

Ayurveda is an ancient bunch of knowledge that aims at maintaining the health of a healthy individual and curing the diseased one. This is brought by equalizing Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala. The term Kriyakala refers to recognising a disease's progress stage, which helps to determine appropriate measures to correct the imbalance in Doshas (biological factors). Ayurveda mentioned several concepts for understanding and preventing disease pathogenesis, and Shatakriyakala is one of them. It is a compound expression comprised of Kriya and Kala, where Kriya means the choice of treatment (medicine, food, and daily routine) used to improve the disturbance in Doshas, and Kala refers to the stage of progress of a disease. Shatakriyakala is mainly associated with six stages of disease progression and their possible management through Ayurveda principles. Shatakriyakala not only helps to diagnose diseases in the early stage but also helps to suppress their intensity. Kriyakala gives us the knowledge of diagnosis, prognosis, and the level of intervention to prevent disease establishment. A clear understanding of the stages of Kriyakala is an essential factor for early diagnosis and prognosis and for adopting appropriate preventing and curative measures to prevent the further establishment of disease & thereby prevent the complications associated with it emphasized in this article
MUSCULOSKELETAL AILMENT WITH SPECIAL FOCUS ON SNAYU MARMA: A REVIEW
Authors: Naitam Prakashini S , Khanolkar Gurunath D , Shukla Deepnarayan V , Madavi Kishorkumar , Meshram Dnyaneshwar
Published: August 2022

A musculoskeletal disorder is an injury that affects the human body's movement or musculoskeletal system, including muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves etc. Ayurveda understands the ailment in detail like etiological factors, marma-chikitsa, a traditional therapy for managing vital points and specific panchakarma to manage ailments effectively without any side effects. Acharyas said 107 marmas are classified into five varieties based on their structure, location, and effect of an injury. Anatomically marma is the junction point of mamsa, sira, snayu, asthi & sandhi; they are named as their dominancy. Marma is a special concept described in Sushruta Samhitas, knowing this, one can be a good physician and surgeon. Snayu is a vital structure that helps maintain joints' stability during movement, and all joints are bind together by snayu. Snayu is like the tendon, ligament, nerve, and muscle tissue. There is 27 snayu marma covered under ten names and scattered all over the body. They are Aani (4), vitap (2), kakshadhar (2), kurcha (4), kurchashir (4), vasti (1), and kshipra (4), amsa (2), vidhur (2), utkshepa (2). Injury to snayu marmas will cause shortening, debility of the body part, inability to perform their action, severe pain, causes more harm to the body than harm to these marma like asthi, sandhi, peshi, sira. It is necessary to have detailed knowledge of snayu marma and its structure to rule out causative pathophysiology behind the formation of such deformities and minimize their occurrence in future.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF TULSI (OCIMUM SANCTUM LINN): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Jain Arti , Mehta Abhishek , Jain Sourabh , Saxena Gaurav
Published: August 2022

Tulsi or Ocimum sanctum Linn. is a popular healing herb in Ayurvedic medicine. Its antimicrobial properties are widely used to treat several systemic diseases. In this review, we have given an up-to-date overview of the anti-infective properties of the Tulsi plant, with a particular focus on its antibacterial and antifungal activity. Published articles relevant to the research questions were searched in their database (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science). 27 out of 350 articles were selected through online and snowballing literature searches. Of these 27 articles, 20 were original research articles, and 7 were systematic reviews. The included articles were assessed on quality reporting, and results were presented using descriptive analysis. In the existing scenario of the high prevalence of bacterial diseases in developing countries like India, the emergence of multi-drug resistance amongst the prevalent pathogens has made it imperative to explore alternate preventive and treatment strategies to combat this problem. This study highlights the hidden antimicrobial potential of the phytochemicals and bioactive compounds derived from traditional medicinal plants like Tulsi as a good alternative.