bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synchronization and Load Distribution Strategies for Parallel Implementations of P-graph Optimizer
Authors: Bartos Anikó , Bertók Botond
Published: May 2018

Process Network Synthesis aims at determining the optimal or n-best process structures of a production system as well as the optimal volumes of the constituting operating units. In the P-graph framework algorithm ABB provides the nbest structurally different process networks. It is widely applied for optimal design of manufacturing systems as well as business processes and supply chains. Thus its effective implementation is essential in practice. The present work introduces a novel cooperative parallel implementation for algorithm ABB and it is compared to former load distribution strategies.
Potential geo-ecological impacts of the proposed Danube–Oder–Elbe Canal on alluvial landscapes in the Czech Republic
Authors: Machar Ivo , Kirchner Karel , Pechanec Vilém , Brus Jan , Kiliánová Helena , Šálek Lubomír , Buček Antonín
Published: May 2018

The project of a canal connecting the three major Central European Rivers: the Danube, Oder and Elbe, is incorporated into a planned trans-European transport network system. Geographically, the course of the planned canal stretches into the territory of four Central European countries, predominantly that of the Czech Republic. The environmental impacts of the potential construction and operation of the Danube–Oder–Elbe (DOE) Canal is currently widely discussed by experts from various fields. This paper aims to assess some potential impacts of the canal on the alluvial landscapes in the Czech Republic. The method of geo-ecological assessment presented here applies GIS analyses at the larger landscape scale. The results of the geo-ecological assessment of potential impacts of the DOE Canal on the land-use of river floodplains, the fluvial dynamics of streams and the extent of their alluvial plains, and the quantified DOE Canal impact on protected areas and groundwater sources, are presented. The hydrological impact of the DOE Canal will affect a total of 1,975.4 km2 of river basins in the Czech Republic. The DOE Canal will affect 157 sites significant from the perspective of landscape and nature conservation, 7 nature parks and 113 existing water points which are used as groundwater sources. The results show that the most significant disruption of fluvial dynamics of the stream sediment regime would occur in the Protected Landscape Area of Litovelské Pomoraví. In general, the geo-ecological impact of the DOE Canal on the landscape will be very important.
Numerical Model of a Hybrid Damping System Composed of a Buckling Restrained Brace with a Magneto Rheological Damper
Authors: Filip-Vacarescu Norin , Vulcu Cristian , Dubina Dan
Published: May 2018

This paper discusses the concept of a hybrid damper made from a combination of two dissipative devices. A passive hysteretic device like steel Buckling Restrained Brace (BRB) can be combined with a magneto-rheological (MR) Fluid Damper in order to obtain a hybrid dissipative system. This system can work either as a semi-active system, if the control unit is available, or as a passive system, tuned for working according to performance based seismic engineering (PBSE) scale of reference parameters (i.e. interstory drift).
Heart Damage in Pregnancies Complicated with Preeclampsia: Case Report
Authors: Kjaev Ivo , Jovanova Silvana , Kjaeva Jana Nivicka , Karadjova Dafina , Aleksioska Irena , Kjaeva Sasha , Spasova Rosa , Kocoski Goran
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Heart function in pregnancy is a subject of many debates and studies. A large number of epidemiologic studies have found association between preeclampsia and cardiovascular morbidity/mortality. About 5-8% of deliveries are complicated with preeclampsia. Until recently, heart damage associated with preeclampsia has not been studied. A number of heart difficulties only appear long after the reproduction period has ended. Preeclampsia increases the risk for B stage (asymptomatic) of heart failure.

Case report. A 37-year-old pregnant patient, G2P1 27 weeks of gestation, paid her first visit to the Gynecology Outpatient Clinic. She complained on heavy breathing, difficulty with movement and hypertension. She was referred for further evaluation to the Cardiology Outpatient Clinic with a suspicion of gestational hypertension and heart abnormalities.

The pregnancy was evaluated several times at the Out-patient Clinics of Gynecology and Cardiology with the diagnosis of gestational hypertension. Echocardiography showed abnormal heart remodeling. In the 36 g.w laboratory findings showed urine dip stick ++,ТА160/110. The diagnosis was changed to preeclampsia. The patient was delivered with a re-caesarean section because of previous S.C and preeclampsia. Postpartum echocardiography confirmed left chamber hypertrophy with persistent hypertension.

Results. Clinical cardiovascular complications in preeclampsia continue long after the pregnancy has ended. Studies show that pregnancies with both early and late preeclampsia have an increased risk for asymptomatic left chamber dysfunction/hypertrophy and essential hypertension in the next 2 years after delivery. If the damages are caught early prevention can be started sooner rather than later before patients become symptomatic (C stage of heart failure).
Laser in the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence and Syndrome of Relaxed Vaginal Walls
Authors: Poposka Simonida Kotlarova , Jovanoski Afrodita Stomnaroska
Published: May 2018

The aim of this paper is to present the new laser technology using erbium laser JAG various minimally invasive, non-surgical procedures in gynecology. The laserhas its effect through photothermal action, leading to reconstructtion and stimulation of new collagen synthesis in the vaginal walls and fascia of the pelvic floor muscles. This results into hardening and tightening of the vaginal walls, which contributes to better leverage of the bladder and urine retention. In gynecology this laser treatment is used for treatment of vaginal walls failure, stress urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and vaginal atrophy. From 2010 to 2014 several clinical studies were conducted, all of them about the use of laser in the treatment of these 4 conditions and the aim was to confirm the efficacy and safety of this technology. The results showed that SMOOTH mode erbium laser is an effective and safe method for treatment of vaginal walls weakness, stress urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and vaginal atrophy.
Crossover Alternatives of Default Right Radial Artery Access for Acute Myocardial Infarction Intervention
Authors: Kalpak Oliver , Pejkov Hristo , Kalpak Gjorgji , Jovanoska Marija , Zafirovska Biljana , Kedev Sasko
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Being a default transradial access center we have encountered the need for alternative to the right radial artery. Determining the most frequent alternative access strategy for PCI in STEMI patientswasthe focus of our study. We sought to analyze whether the wrist access strategy impacts procedure time and success rate particularly for the STEMI interventions where time is of paramount importance.

Methods. During four years, in our Center 2624 consecutive all-comers STEMI patients underwent urgent coronary intervention. TRA was used as the first-choice access strategy. We sought to assess crossover rate and safety of preferable access strategy. Crossover occurred according to the operator's decision. Primary outcomes were: access site crossover rate and In Lab time, secondary outcomes were PCI time, X-ray time, mortality and MACE at 30 days and at 6 months.

Results. Overall crossover rate from default radial was 5.4% (144 out of 2624 patients). We treated 98.7% (2589) patients by wrist access and only 1.3% (35) patients with TFA. Crossover towards left radial occurred in 47.9% (69 out of 144 patients), towards ulnar 27.8% (40 patients) and towards TFA only 24.3% (35 patients). The meanIn-Lab time 40.4±17.7 minutes, PCI time was 21.4±7.4 min, X-ray time 9.2±4.7 minutes. Survival outcomes at 30 days were: MACE rate of 6.6% (174 patients), mortality rate of 5.0% (131 patients). At six months MACE rate was 8.6% and mortality rate was 5.6%.

Conclusions. Default radial access is associated with alow crossover rate. Crossover towards femoral occurred less frequent than ulnar artery access.Complete wrist access strategy is safe and feasible for STEMI interventions with low mortality and MACE rate in unselected all-comers cohort.
Landmark Versus Ultrasound-Guided Subclavian Central Venous Catheterization with a Combined Short and Long Axis Approach in an Intensive Care Setting
Authors: Sazdov Darko , Srceva Marija Jovanovski , Todorova Zorka Nikolova
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Central venous catheterization of the subclavian vein can be achieved with a landmark and an ultrasound-guided method. Using ultrasound the vein can be catheterized with a long axis in plane or a short axis out of plane approach and a combined approach. The aim of the study was to compare the success, average number of attempts and mechanical complication rate between the landmark and the combined ultrasound-guided method.

Methods. A total of 162 adult patients from the Intensive Care Unit at Clinical Hospital Acibadem-Sistina, Skopje were included in this prospective study. Patients randomized in the examined group (n=71) were catheterized with real-time ultrasound guidance with a combined short axis out of plane and long axis in plane method. Patients randomized in the control group (n=91) were catheterized with the landmark method. Subclavian vein was catheterized in both groups. Overall success, success on first attempt, number of attempts and complications at the moment of catheterization were the main outcome measures.

Results. Catheterization using the landmark method was successful in 94.5% of patients, 65.9% of which during the first attempt. Cannulation using real-time ultrasound guidance was successful in all patients with a first pas success of 83.1%. The complication rate in the ultrasound group was 2.82% and 16.5% in the landmark group (p=0.004404).

Conclusion. Real-time ultrasound guidance with a combined short axis out of plane and long axis in plane approach improves success, decreases number of attempts, and reduces mechanical complications rate.
Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) with Remifentanil Versus Intermittent Epidural Boluses for Labor Analgesia
Authors: Karadjova Dafina , Shosholcheva Mirjana , Sivevski Atanas , Ivanov Emilija , Kjaev Ivo , Dimitrov Goran
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Remifentanil is becoming more and more popular for labor analgesia as an alternative for neuro-axial anesthesia. In this study we compared the severity of pain, patient satisfaction and side effects between two different types of labor analgesia.

Methods. Eightyprimiparous patients ASA I or II, atterm pregnancy, were included in the study and divided in two groups. The first group (35 patients) received intravenous remifentanil on patient control pump in bolus doses. The second group (45 patients) received intermittent epidural boluses with highly diluted local anesthetic and opioid (Bupivacain and Fentanil). We analyzed oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiration rate, heart rate, blood pressure, sedation, nausea and vomiting as well as patient pain scores and satisfaction scores through 2 different VAS.

Results. Mean SpO2 was significantly lower in the PCA remifentanil group 96.2%±1.6 versus 98.2±1.2 in the epidural group. Respiratory depression (RR<9 or SpO2 <90%) was not found in both groups. Sedation scores were significantly higher in the PCA remifentanil group, P<0.05. Incidence of nausea and vomiting was similar between the two groups, without significant difference. PCA remifentanil was inferior to epidural analgesia with respect to pain scores at all time points, but without significant difference in patient satisfaction between the two groups.

Conclusion. Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with remifentanil provides satisfactory level of labor analgesia, with lower SpO2 and more sedation. It could be an excellent alternative to epidural analgesia but continuous monitoring and oxygen supply is mandatory.
Cerebral Oxygenation Non Invasive Monitoring in Traumatic Brain Injury - A Pilot Study
Authors: Durnev Vesna , Filipce Venko , Brzanov Aleksandra Gavrilovska , Mijovska Maja Mojsova , Stevanovska Marina Temelkovska
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Cerebral oxymetry obtained with Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) provides noninvasive monitoring of microvasculature in the brain allowing for early recognition and preventive treatment of impaired cerebral oxygenation in traumatic brain injuries. Optimizing cerebral oxygenation is advocated to improve outcome in traumatic brain injured (TBI) hence the goal of this study was to determine the benefit of non invasive monitoring of cerebral oxygenation.

Methods. Noninvasive monitoring was conducted in fifteen patients with traumatic brain injury. The values and changes in cerebral oxymetry were analyzed and compared with others tracked parameters: Glasgow Coma Scale on admission to determine the severity of traumatic brain injuries, systolic arterial blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, pulse oxymetry, and regular laboratory test. Regional cerebral oxygenation was measured using cerebral oxymetar INVOS 5100 Somanetics®.

Results. According to obtained data, we noticed that any change in hemodynamic profile directly influenced the regional cerebral oxygen saturation. Higher changes in values of 15 % and more from basal ones correlate with unfavorable outcome as neurologic sequels. Decreased values of rSO2 in our study were rectified with several simple interventions. In our cases parameter which was most prominent cause for disturbed rSO2 was decreased mean arterial blood pressure.

Conclusion. Stable hemodynamic profile leads to optimized cerebral oxygenation. Monitoring the regional oxygen saturation influenced by several factors is important step for forehanded detection of adverse secondary brain injuries. NIRS technology as monitoring system has potential to have diagnostic value and enable right therapeutic decisions and consequently better prognosis in TBI. Continued study of the benefits of cerebral oxygen monitoring is warranted.
Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Epileptic Seizures: Frequency, Localization and Seizures Types
Authors: Cvetkovska Dragana Petrovska , Taravari Arben , Baneva Natalija Dolnenec , Nikodijevik Dijana , Kerala Coskun , Andonovski Alan , Andonovska Biljana
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Among 2.8-18.7% of the patients that suffered from spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) develop seizures. Previous studies suggest that most important contributors to developing subsequent seizures are: volume and localization of hematoma, cortical involvement and age. Aims: To determine the occurrence of new epileptic seizures in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and to analyze it with respect to the patient’s age, gender, presence of premorbid risk factors, localization of the hematoma and the type of the seizures.

Methods. This study is retrospective in design, with study population of 308 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to our clinic in the period between 2008 and 2014. Analyzed premorbid risk factors for ICH are: hypertension, smoking, alcohol uptake. According to the computer tomography (CT) of brain findings the patients was divided in two groups: lobar and thalamic (deep). By the time of presents of seizures, they were classified as early (within 1 week of ICH) or late (more than 1 week after ICH). Also we analyzed the seizures type and we divided them in four groups: simple partial, partial complex, secondary generalized and tonic clonic generalized seizures.

Results. Arterial hypertension was revealed in 78% of the patients with spontaneous supratentorial ICH. Epileptic seizures developed in 8.2% of analyzed patients, most of them in the first week of brain bleeding. Lobar ICH had 78.6% of the patients, with frontal localization was 44% of patients with lobar ICH, and most of them had simple partial and partial complex seizures.

Conclusion. Cortical involvement, large volume of hematoma, may be a factor for provoked seizures, especially in the first days of brain bleeding.
Navigating the Transition from Higher Education to the Labour Market: A Wake-Up Call for University Students
Authors: Wells Peter J. , Florea Silvia
Published: May 2018

Many studies describing the transition from school to work focus on national patterns of labour market entry and in so doing, they often simplify the complex transition processes and job finding requirements involved. Our paper sets out to look at some transition obstacles and paths from higher education to the labour market from the graduates’ point of view as expressed during a recent event held at LBUS. We hold that in Romania the first job upon education is hampered by graduates across all disciplines having no or little work-based experience, thus marking national transition patterns/pathways as less compatible with those in other European countries.
Green synthesis and characterization of Ag1/2Al1/2TiO3 nanoceramics
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Jha Anal K. , Prasad K.
Published: May 2018

Single phase silver aluminum titanate (Ag1/2Al1/2)TiO3, later called AAT, nanoceramic powder (particle size 2 to 7.5 nm) was synthesized by a low-cost, green and reproducible tartaric acid gel process. X-ray, FT-IR, energy dispersive X-ray and high resolution transmission electron microscopy analyses were performed to ascertain the formation of AAT nanoceramics. X-ray diffraction data analysis indicated the formation of monoclinic structure having the space group P2/m(10). UV-Vis study revealed the surface plasmon resonance at 296 nm. Dielectric study revealed that AAT nanoceramics could be a suitable candidate for capacitor applications and meets the specifications for “Z7R” of Class I dielectrics of Electronic Industries Association. Complex impedance analyses suggested the dielectric relaxation to be of non-Debye type. To find a correlation between the response of the real system and idealized model circuit composed of discrete electrical components, the model fittings were performed using the impedance data. Electric modulus studies supported the hopping type of conduction in AAT. The correlated barrier hopping model was employed to successfully explain the mechanism of charge transport in AAT. The ac conductivity data were used to evaluate the density of states at Fermi level and minimum hopping length of the compound.
Synthesis of SiO2 nanopowders containing quartz and cristobalite phases from silica sands
Authors: Munasir  , Triwikantoro  , Zainuri Mochamad , Darminto
Published: May 2018

In this study, extraction and synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles from silica sands have been conducted by means of two different methods, i.e. dry method (method 1) and hydrothermal process (method 2). The basic difference between the two methods is in the extraction step. The two methods were compared in terms of being more efficient, economical, and superior in obtaining SiO2 nanoparticles. The SiO2 nanoparticles were characterized in terms of phase purity, crystallinity, Si-O functional bonding as well as particles size and morphology. The most interesting fact in this study was the formation of both quartz and cristobalite phases within all prepared SiO2 nanoparticles.
Influence of aluminium concentration in Zn0:9V0:1O nanoparticles on structural and optical properties
Authors: Sayari A. , El Mir L. , Al-Heniti S. , Al-Harbi T. , Yaghmour S. J. , Al-Ghamdi A.A.
Published: May 2018

The (V,Al) co-doped ZnO nano-structured powders (Zn0.9-xV0.1AlxO, where x = 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04) were synthesized via the sol-gel technique and their structural and optical properties were investigated. The effect of Al concentration on the structural and optical properties of the Zn0.9-xV0.1AlxO nanopowders was studied using various techniques. The XRD patterns indicate that the samples have a polycrystalline wurtzite structure. The crystallite size increases with increasing the Al content and lies in the range of 23 to 30 nm. The lattice strain, estimated by the Stokes-Wilson equation, decreases when Al content increases. SEM and TEM micrographs show that Zn0.9-xV0.1AlxO powders are the agglomeration of nanoparticles having spherical and hexagonal shapes with dimensions ranging from 20 to 30 nm. FT-IR spectra show a distinct absorption peak at about 500 cm-1 for ZnO stretching modes and other peaks related to OH and H2O bands. Raman spectra confirm the wurtzite structure of the Zn0.9-xV0.1AlxO nanoparticles. The direct band gaps of the synthesized Zn0.9-xV0.1AlxO nanopowders, estimated from the Brus equation and the crystallite sizes deduced from XRD, are around 3.308 eV. The decomposition process of the dried gel system was investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA).
First principles study of structure, electronic and optical properties of Y3Fe5O12 in cubic and trigonal phases
Authors: Tao Shen , Chao Hu , Hailong Dai , Wenlong Yang , Hongchen Liu , Xinlao Wei
Published: May 2018

First principles calculations have been performed to investigate the structure, electronic and optical properties of Y3Fe5O12. Both the cubic and trigonal phases have been considered in our calculation. The calculated structural parameters are slightly larger than the experimental values. The band structures show that Y3Fe5O12 in cubic and trigonal phases have direct band gaps of 0.65 and 0.17 eV. The calculations of dielectric function, absorption, extinction coefficient, refractive index, energy loss function and reflectivity are presented.
Two-phase synthesis of olive-like NiS particles and chain-like Bi2S3 nanowires
Authors: Yuan Yawen , Xu Hanyue , Meng Xiaojuan , Han Qiaofeng
Published: May 2018

Highly dispersed olive-like NiS particles were synthesized in a liquid-liquid biphasic system at room temperature, where nickel xanthate in organic solvents (toluene and benzene) and sodium sulfide in water solution were used as nickel and sulfide sources, respectively. NiS particles were formed at the stabilized phase interface. The structures, chemical composition and optical characteristics of the products were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The organic solvents obviously influenced the morphology of the NiS particles. The olive-like NiS with smooth surface and sharp ends was obtained at benzene/water interface, while spindle-like NiS particles with rough surface and circle ends were formed when using toluene as a solvent. Analogously, chainlike Bi2S3 nanowires were produced at chloroform/water interface. The effect of the experiment parameters including reaction time, solvent and concentration of reactants on the size and morphology of the products was discussed in detail and a possible formation mechanism was suggested.
Infrared luminescence and thermoluminescence of lithium borate glasses doped with Sm3+ ions
Authors: Anjaiah J. , Laxmikanth C. , Veeraiah N. , Kistaiah P.
Published: May 2018

Thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of X-ray irradiated pure and doped with Sm3+ ions Li2O-MO-B2O3 (where MO=ZnO, CaO, CdO) glasses have been studied in the temperature range of 303 to 573 K. All the pure glasses exhibited single TL peaks at 382 K, 424 K and 466 K. When these glasses were doped with Sm3+ ions no additional peaks have been observed but the glow peak temperature of the existing glow peak shifted gradually towards higher temperatures with gain in intensity of TL light output. The area under the glow curve was found to be maximum for Sm3+ doped glasses mixed with cadmium oxide as a modifier. The trap depth parameters associated with the observed TL peaks have been evaluated using Chen’s formulae. The possible use of these glasses in radiation dosimetry has been described. The results clearly showed that samarium doped cadmium borate glass has a potential to be considered as a thermoluminescence dosimeter.
Morphological features in aluminum nitride epilayers prepared by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Stach Sebastian , Dallaeva Dinara , Ţălu Ştefan , Kaspar Pavel , Tománek Pavel , Giovanzana Stefano , Grmela Lubomír
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study is to characterize the surface topography of aluminum nitride (AlN) epilayers prepared by magnetron sputtering using the surface statistical parameters, according to ISO 25178-2:2012. To understand the effect of temperature on the epilayer structure, the surface topography was investigated through atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM data and analysis of surface statistical parameters indicated the dependence of morphology of the epilayers on their growth conditions. The surface statistical parameters provide important information about surface texture and are useful for manufacturers in developing AlN thin films with improved surface characteristics. These results are also important for understanding the nanoscale phenomena at the contacts between rough surfaces, such as the area of contact, the interfacial separation, and the adhesive and frictional properties.
Precise determination of HPGe detector efficiency for gamma spectrometry measurements of environmental samples with variable geometry and density
Authors: Barrera Manuel , Casas-Ruiz Melquiades , Alonso José J. , Vidal Juan
Published: May 2018

A methodology to determine the full energy peak efficiency (FEPE) for precise gamma spectrometry measurements of environmental samples with high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector, valid when this efficiency depends on the energy of the radiation E, the height of the cylindrical sample H, and its density ρ, is introduced. The methodology consists of an initial calibration as a function of E and H and the application of a self-attenuation factor, depending on the density of the sample ρ, in order to correct for the different attenuation of the generic sample in relation to the measured standard. The obtained efficiency can be used in the whole range of interest studied, E = 120–2000 keV, H = 1–5 cm, and ρ = 0.8–1.7 g/cm3, being its uncertainty below 5%. The efficiency has been checked by the measurement of standards, resulting in a good agreement between experimental and expected activities. The described methodology can be extended to similar situations when samples show geometric and compaction differences.
Permission-based Leadership and Change Management in Hong Kong's Nongovernment Organisations
Authors: Wong Michael , Yeung Davey
Published: May 2018

This study addresses the management of transformational change by chief executives in nongovernment organisations (NGOs) in Hong Kong. The study takes an exploratory approach with interviews of 18 chief executives from a cross section of Hong Kong's NGOs. The findings indicate that organisational transformation is driven by increasing competition within the NGO sector and from commercial firms, by a demand for greater transparency and by internal forces. These factors are countered by structural inertia. Leadership of the organisational transformation of an NGO is permission-based; agreement from the various stakeholders must be gained to execute a successful transformation. The chief executive should have a humanistic style and be visionary, ethical and participative. Constant communication and involvement facilitate this process. Through this approach, followers will have a greater commitment to the organisational transformation. Organisational change is a combination of planned and emergent processes. The chief executive should relax control and foster a nurturing environment for transformation. This research suggests a leadership style, behavioural approach and model for managing change that will provide chief executives and senior leaders with useful considerations and insights.
The Involvement of Budapest Residents with Visual Impairments in Leisure Sports: Barriers and Facilitators
Authors: Gombás Judit , Gál Andrea
Published: May 2018

Since the political and economic changes that occurred in 1989-1990, Hungary has been in a state of transition from a socialist regime to a democratic culture. In an effort to comply with the rules of democracy, equal opportunities for people with disabilities are demanded on various platforms. However, inclusion in sports is still uncommon, and physical education (P.E.) teachers, trainers, sports scientists, etc. are not provided with in-depth education on adapted sports. The present study examines the involvement of Hungarian adults with VI (visual impairments) in leisure sports and investigates facilitators and barriers which members of the target group face. First, the educational opportunities (segregation or inclusion) provided for Hungarian children with VI are introduced. The historical and legislative backgrounds are presented in order to give a clear review of the social context. Findings of a survey on the activity levels of Hungarian adults with vision loss are introduced, which reflect the target group’s willingness to get involved in leisure activities and also pinpoint factors which hinder their participation (e.g., professionals’ unfamiliarity with the special needs of those with VI and adapted sports opportunities).
Effects of Regional Inequalities on the Sporting Activity of School Pupils: The Hungarian Case
Authors: Vámos Ágnes , Foldesi Gyongyi S. , Doczi Tamas
Published: May 2018

In this study, the sporting activity of Hungarian school pupils is investigated with a focus on regional differences. The objective of the paper is to answer the following questions: Are there regional differences in pupils’ sporting activity, and, if yes, what is their relationship with the socio-cultural background of the pupils and the infrastructural and staffing conditions of schools? Has the 2012 introduction of daily physical education had a different effect on pupils’ leisure-time sporting activity in disadvantaged and affluent regions? Can the trends in the sporting activity of pupils be characterized as convergent or divergent since the introduction of daily physical education? The paper is based on an extensive study that relies on the most comprehensive database on physical education in schools, the National Assessment of Basic Competencies (NABC). The present study statistically analyzed eighth-grade pupil and school data from the 2010 and 2014 NABC. The results present the regional differences in pupils’ participation in sporting activity, their recent modification, and the main reasons behind the changes. In conclusion, the authors state that social, economic, and cultural inequalities are not clearly reflected in the sporting activity of students; however, certain data still call attention to the need to examine regional differences.
Social Talent Scouting: A New Opportunity for the Identification of Football Players?
Authors: Radicchi Elena , Mozzachiodi Michele
Published: May 2018

This paper investigates the diffusion of digital technologies within the football talent scouting process. A qualitative exploration based on open discussions and unstructured interviews with professionals involved in the football system (coaches, scouts, players’ agents, etc.) provides insights about how new technologies are used for recruiting athletes. The findings, which are mainly in the context of Italian football, indicate a cultural and generational gap in the use of new digital tools that creates a mismatch between young promising athletes (demand side) and “senior” team professionals (supply side).
The Activity and Its Barriers and the Well-Being of Older Poles
Authors: Knapik Andrzej , Rottermund Jerzy , Warmuz-Wancisiewicz Aneta , Witanowska Jolanta
Published: May 2018

Background: Research of health determinants confirmed its beneficial relationships with the optimum level of physical activity at any age. The problem is the physical passivity of societies. In the elderly, this problem is of particular importance, which is conditioned by both biological factors and social. This justifies the diagnosis of relationships: the barrier activity - activity - well-being.

Material/Methods: 393peoplewere tested:216women and 177men aged65 -85 years. A questionnaire with closed questions was used as a tool in the research. Physical activity was examined using selected questions of Baecke questionnaire, barriers to physical activity using a scale KCS, and self-assessment of health - by using the SF-36.

Results: Correlation analysis of age and the activity showed a low relationship for the women and no relationship for the men. There were no differences in activity due to sex, either due to the occurrence of chronic diseases. There is a weak correlation between age and kinesiophobia among women, no relationship was found in the group of men. Prevalence of chronic diseases differentiated the level of kinesiophobia only in women. Analysis of health self-assessment showed a relatively well-being in the test - the average PC and MC were above 50 points.

Conclusions: Women represent a lower level of physical activity than men, but at an older age, these differences are no longer statistically significant. However, the level of activity barriers is still higher. Aging is a process which varies greatly individually, and this applies to activity, its barriers, and self-assessment of health. Age is not a category that fully explains the complex issues depending on the variables examined.
Chronic Low Back Pain, Core Stability and Francis Bacon: Implications for Contemporary Physiotherapy – A Narrative Review
Authors: Adamczyk Wacław , Saulicz E.
Published: May 2018

Background: Chronic low back pain (LBP) is the most common cause of disability, hence multiple attempts have been undertaken to develop therapeutic strategies aimed at addressing the issue. The most commonly used strategies include motor control exercises of deep core muscles that stabilize the lower back. However, on the practical side, they require application of special devices, such as ultrasonography or electromyography as well as instructions and support provided by trained personnel. Despite the lack of high-quality empirical evidence, these exercises are extensively used in clinical practice.

Narrative Review: The vast body of literature collected suggests that the cause of chronic LBP should be sought in the structural and functional alterations within different levels of the central nervous system. These alterations and maladaptations apply to both the molecular and tissue levels. Nevertheless, successful treatment of these changes is currently possible due to an affordable, cognitive therapeutic approach. It encompasses a number of strategies that aim to restore the normal function of the nervous system using brain plasticity processes. These include graded motor imagery, mirror therapy, graded exposure, pain education, sensory training and pain coping strategies.

Conclusions: Lack of clear advantage in the application of the core stability exercises over other, potentially cheaper alternatives, implies a shift-paradigm from the existing biomedical model of chronic LBP treatment towards modern cognitive approaches. As results of numerous studies confirm the validity of the approach aimed at restoring the structure and function of the central nervous system in contrast to the still common concept of treatment of the peripheral tissues of the body, more rigorous systematic reviews and meta-analysis are required. Evidence from this kind of evaluation may contribute to the shift in current beliefs regarding the treatment of chronic LBP.
Comments on nitrogen excretion from the diver’s organism during the reduced pressure at the final decompression station (< 1 ata)
Authors: Doboszyński Tadeusz , Łokucijewski Bogdan
Published: May 2018

The authors discuss the effect of reduced pressure at the final decompression station on nitrogen excretion from the organism of a diver. The assumed basis for the said considerations was the course of decompression during dives performed in lakes located at a significant altitude above sea level and diver transportation by plane following dive completion. Based on the presented calculations the authors conclude that air transport can take place only upon the lapse of time calculated with regard to the diving conditions and the expected altitude of the flight. Diving in mountain lakes requires proper consideration of the effects of the decreased atmospheric pressure.
Optimal development of young male volleyball players through transformational coach leadership
Authors: Krukowska Aleksandra , Poczwardowski Artur , Parzelski Dariusz
Published: May 2018

Leadership styles of coaches affect athletes’ sport and social skills. Recently, transformational leadership gained recognition as a beneficial, motivational and inspirational coaching style. Our study attempts to extend the understanding of transformational leadership in Polish youth sport through investigation of whether a transformational coach can lead a team effectively, while simultaneously contributing to athletes’ well-being and high performance. A male volleyball coach and twelve male volleyball players (15‒16 years old) participated in a study consisting of semi-structured interviews and participant observations. The results showed that characteristics of a transformational coach had an influence on athletes’ intrinsic motivation and involvement in training, and they served as means of satisfying the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness.
Coping styles and empathy in professional burnout: A study of physical therapists
Authors: Juszkiewicz Anna , Dębska Urszula
Published: May 2018

The profession of a physical therapist is among so-called social professions, which are particularly exposed to high risks of burnout. Our paper analyzes the relationships between professional burnout in physical therapists and their perceived levels of stress, the strategies they use to cope with stress, as well as their levels of empathy and professional satisfaction. The following questionnaires were used in the study: the Burnout Scale Inventory (Okła & Steuden, 1998); the multidimensional coping inventory COPE (Carver, Scheier, & Weintraub, 1989); and the Questionnaire Measure of Emotional Empathy (Mehrabian & Epstein, 1972). Varying levels of professional burnout were observed in a sample of 76 physical therapists, who demonstrated no significant relationships between burnout and empathy levels. Higher burnout levels were found in participants working in public compared to privately-owned health centers, while those scoring higher on job satisfaction also had lower burnout results. Further, participants with higher professional burnout also reported higher levels of stress at the workplace and at home, as well as using avoidance coping strategies. The results of our study call for further investigation into the determinants of burnout in physical therapists and for implementing preventive measures.
Anxiety intensity levels of children suffering from bronchial asthma and how they cope
Authors: Żurek Alina , Pirogowicz-Hirnle Agnieszka , Chrobot Nina
Published: May 2018

Bronchial asthma is the most frequent chronic pulmonary disorder in the world. Population studies indicate about 10% of children in Poland suffer from it. Nowadays, the illness is mild and rarely severe due to specialized treatment. Regardless of how the illness develops, recurring asthma attacks can cause a person suffering from it to feel stigmatized, and result in tension and stress. When under stress, a sick person activates their own characteristic coping strategies, which help them to reduce discomfort. Our paper analyzes both the anxiety intensity levels experienced by children suffering from bronchial asthma and how they cope. Seventy-one children diagnosed with chronic respiratory condition, aged 12–15, were examined during their sanatorium treatment, using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC) by Spielberger, adapted by Sosnowski, Iwaniszczuk, and Spielberger, and theJak Sobie Radzisz?(How Are You Coping?– HAYC) Scale by Juczyński and Ogińska-Bulik. Thirty-eight per cent of the examined children had a high anxiety level, and 33% were diagnosed with a high anxiety-as-a-trait level. The results show significant differences between boys and girls on the anxiety trait scale, focusing on emotions strategy and seeking social support strategy. Girls have higher results on the above-mentioned scales. It was observed in the whole group of examined children that there is a statistically significant positive interrelationship between anxiety-trait results and focusing-on-emotions strategy in a dispositional stress-coping style. It is recommended to include psychotherapeutic assistance for children in standard bronchial asthma treatment.
Genetic Diversity Among Ethiopian Coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) Collections Available In Indian Gene Bank Using Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism Markers
Authors: Mishra Manoj Kumar , Nishani Sandhyarani , Gowda Madhura , Padmajyothi Dandamudi , Suresh Narayana , Sreenath Hosahalli , Raghuramulu Y.
Published: May 2018

The South-Western highlands of Ethiopia are considered to be the centre of origin and diversity of the arabica coffee, Coffea arabica. More than 80 accessions of arabica coffee collected from Ethiopia are available in Indian gene bank. However, the genetic diversity of these accessions is not studied in detail. In the present study, genetic diversity analysis of 48 accessions collected from eight provinces of Ethiopia was carried out using Sequence-related amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) marker. Among the thirty two SRAP primer combinations tested, 14 primer pairs were polymorphic and generated 203 distinct fragments. The number of fragments ranged from 7 to 21 with a mean of 14.5 fragments per primer combination. Of the total 203 amplified fragments, 182 (89.65%) were polymorphic and the percent of polymorphism ranged from 53.84% to a maximum of 100% using different primers. The average resolving power (Rp) and average polymorphism information content (PIC) of the 14 SRAP primer combinations was 14.31 and 0.648 respectively. A total of 13 rare alleles were obtained from SRAP assays, of which six rare alleles were obtained from the accessions collected from Shoa province.

The UPGMA clustering algorithm from SRAP analysis grouped the 48 coffee accessions into two major clusters. The accessions collected from particular province clustered together which could be attributed to the substantial gene flow between adjacent population and the influence of geographical origin on genetic diversity. The study demonstrated the existence of substantial genetic variation in Ethiopian germplasm which could be utilized in coffee germplasm conservation and improvement program.
Combining Ability And Heterosis For Some Quantitative Traits In Experimental Maize Hybrids
Authors: Abul Kalam Azad Mohammad , Biswas Bhabendra Kumar , Alam Nazmul , Alam Sheikh Shamimul
Published: May 2018

In rabi season 2012, six diversed maize inbred lines were crossed in all possible combinations without reciprocals by using a half diallel mating design to obtain 15 single cross. Inbred parents and their F1 single crosses with a check were evaluated in rabi season 2013 to evaluate the role of general and specific combining ability and heterosis for some quantitative traits. Significant general combining ability variances was observed only for cob height and specific combining ability variances were observed for plant height, cob height, cob length, cob girth, number of kernels per cob, cob weight and hundred grain weight. The GCA/SCA ratio was less than unity for all studied traits except shelling percentage; this means that these traits are pre-dominantly controlled by non-additive gene action. Based on GCA estimates, it could be concluded that the best combiners were ML01, ML05 and ML29 inbred lines for most of the studied traits. This result indicated that these inbred lines could be considered as good combiners for improving these traits. Significant positive SCA effects were found for all studied traits except number of kernels per row and shelling percentage. Based on SCA effects, it could be concluded that the crosses ML01×ML02, ML02×ML05, ML02×ML29 and ML05×ML15 could be exploited by the maize breeders to increase maize yield. Three F1 hybrids such as ML02×ML15, ML02×ML29 and ML05×ML15 proved to be the outstanding hybrids to immediate further steps for commercial cultivation. In a conclusive decision the F1 hybrid, ML02×ML29 was the best combination as evaluated through combining ability and standard heterosis.
Why Do Word Blends with Near-Synonymous Composites Exist and Persist? The Case of Guesstimate, Chillax, Ginormous and Confuzzled
Authors: Rhys Evans Thomas , Steptoe-Warren Gail
Published: May 2018

Despite their increasing use, little is known about the purpose of word blends, e.g. chillax, which have near-synonymous composite words (relax and chill). Potential explanations for their existence and persistence include: use in different sentence constructions, to provide unique meaning, and to create interest/identity. Th e current study used a vignette methodology with two-hundred and forty-one students to explore the relevance of such hypotheses for ‘guesstimate’, ‘chillax’, ‘ginormous’, and ‘confuzzled’. Our inconsistent results suggest that the semantics of the word blends may diff er from their composites in very subtle ways. However further work is needed to acknowledge and determine the impact of context upon the use and consequences of these word blends.
Appreciation of Ambiguous Humorous Messages: The Influence of Processing Mode and Presentation
Authors: Kucharski Adam , Timoszyk-Tomczak Celina
Published: May 2018

In the current study it was assumed that participants of the act of communication do not always follow the rules of cooperation, and sometimes build their utterance in a way that misleads the listener. It depends on the communicative competence of the listener and the message sender if an interaction between them takes place. Th e aim of this research was to assess to what extent deliberate, incorrect identification and the mode of communication in which the text is presented makes the audience lose their orientation in both bona-fide (informative) and non-bona-fide (playful) mode formulations. In order to answer these questions, two experiments were conducted using three types of texts: informative text with a humorous digression, humorous informative text, and a real life parody joke. Th e information preceding the presentation of the texts and the order in which they were shown was manipulated. Respondents assessed how funny each of the texts was. 85 high secondary school students participated in the survey. Th e conducted statistical analyses enabled us to establish that the information appearing at the beginning, i.e. the type of message (informative/humorous), can affect the recipient’s reaction and assessment of how funny a particular text was. Th e research results indicate that poor intensity of comicality in the messages may be aggravated by not indicating that they were intended to induce a humorous effect. This reveals the specific nature of humorous messages, bringing about an effect that is categorically inconsistent with the stimulus that precedes it.
Mechanical Properties of Copper Processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing
Authors: Sülleiová K. , Ballóková B. , Besterci M. , Kvačkaj T.
Published: May 2018

The development of the nanostructure in commercial pure copper and the strength and ductility after severe plastic deformation (SPD) with the technology of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) are analysed. Experimental results and analyses showed that both strength and ductility can be increased simultaneously by SPD. The final grain size decreased from the initial 50μm by SPD to 100-300 nm after 10 passes. An increase of the ductility together with an increase of strength caused by SPD are explained by a strong grain refinement and by a dynamic equilibrium of weakening and strengthening, and it is visible on the final static tensile test stress-strain charts.