bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI POLITIK HUKUM ORDE BARU TERHADAP PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kasim Muhammad
Published: December 2018

Di dalam GBHN sepanjang Orde Baru Hukum Islam tidak pernah memiliki kebijaksanaantersendiri secara khusus. Tak ada satu pointer pun dalam teks-teks politik hukum Orde Baruyang berkenaan dengan eksistensi Hukum Islam, namun begitu, tidak berarti Hukum Islam tidakmendapatkan perhatian, dalam kenyataan praktis empiries Hukum Islam mempunyai tempatdalam tata hukum Nasional, bahkan secara formal posisinya lebih baik dari masa sebelumnya.Kata kunci : Hukum Islam dan politik hukum Orde Baru
TEORI PERUBAHAN UUD DAN PRAKTEK BERDASARKAN UUD 1945
Authors: Herawaty Nenden
Published: December 2018

Berdasarkan pandangan Wade (et.a.l.) dapat disimpulkan bahwa konvensiketatanegaraan berdasarkan dari tiga sumber, yaitu :1) Kebiasaan ketatanegaraan;2) Kepatutan (expediency)3) Express agreement.Perubahan konstitusi itu dilakukan dengan tujuan : 1) untuk memperbaiki sistemkekuasaan agar mampu mengikuti perkembangan tuntutan zaman sari sistem yangotoriter kepada sistem yang demokratis; 2) untuk menciptakan sistem kekuasaanyang sifat check and balance dan melindungi hak-hak asasi manusia. Perubahankonstitusi di negara-negara tersebut diatas pada umumnya dilakukan oleh satukomisi konstitusi yang bersifat independen
POLIGAMI DALAM ISLAM
Authors: Alwi Baso Mufti
Published: December 2018

Jauh sebelum islam datang, praktek poligami memang telah ada, bahkan jumlah isteri bisa membengkak hingga belasan. Dari fakta ini membuktikan praktek ini terus terpelihara hingga kini dengan berbagai pembenaran dan legitimasi kultural, sosial, ekonomi, dan agama. Poligami telah menjadi bagian gaya hidup laki-laki dan karenanya di lingkungan tertentu praktek ini telah membudaya. Bila melihat variabel-variabel poligami dalam al-Qur’an, maka ada tiga poin penting yang dapat ditarik, yaitu pertama, memberikan kesempatan kepada laki-laki untuk berpoligami. Kedua peringatan atau warning kepada suami untuk harus berlaku adil. Ketiga, adanya ketidakmampuan laki-laku untuk dapat berperilaku adil di antara istri-istrinya sekalipun berusaha keras unutk itu. Ini artinya bila dilakukan komparasi atas berbagai ayat, kesimpulannya adalah satu ayat membolehkan poligami, sementara dua ayat lainnya justru (seakan-akan) ingin menafikkan terwujudnya syarat adil. Ayat yang membolehkan pun pada konteksnya berbicara tentang perlindungan terhadap yatim piatu dan janda korban perang.
NIKAH SIRI DAN AKIBAT HUKUMNYA MENURUT UU PERKAWINAN
Authors: Gunawan Edi
Published: December 2018

Pernikahan siri, yang secara agama dianggap sah, pada kenyataannya justru memunculkan banyak sekali permasalahan yang berimbas pada kerugian di pihak perempuan . nikah siri sering diambil sebagai jalan pintas pasangan untuk bisa melegalkan hubungan nya, meski tindakan tersebut pada dasarnya adalah pelanggaran UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan. Tulisan ini berusaha mengungkap faktor-faktor apa saja yang melatarbelakangi seseorang melakukan pernikahan siri, disamping problem-problem dan dampak yang berimbas pada perempuan. Pada dasarnya pernikahan siri dilakukan karena ada hal-hal yang dirasa tidak memungkinkan bagi pasangan untuk menikah secara formal. Ada banyak faktor yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya pernikahan siri, yang menurut penulis, semua alasan tersebut mengarah kepada pernkahan siri dipandang sebagai jalan pintas yang lebih mudah untuk menghalalkan hubungan suami isteri. Problem yang menyertai pernikahan siri yang paling nyata adalah problem hukum khususnya bagi perempuan, tapi juga problem intern dalam keluarga, problem sosial dan psikologis yang menyangkut opini publik yang menimbulkan tekanan batin bagi perilaku, problem agama yang perlu mempertanyakan lagi keabsahan nikah siri yang akhir-akhir marak terjadi di Indonesia. Dampak pernikahan siri bagi perempuan adalah secara hukum, istri tidak dianggap sebagai isteri sah, tidak berhak mendapat wariasan jika suami meninggal, tidak berhak mendapat harga gono-gini bila terjadi perpisahan. Dampak tersebut juga belaku bagi anak kandung hasil pernikahan siri.
KETENTUAN HUKUM ISLAM TENTANG AT-TAS’IR AL-JABARI
Authors: Willya Evra
Published: December 2018

At-tas’ir al-jabari adalah intervensi pemerintah dalam menetapkan harga komoditi barang yang beredar di pasar. Islam mengakui kebebasan setiap individu untuk melakukan kegiatan ekonomi dengan tidak merugikan orang lain, dimana setiap individu diperintahkan untuk memanfaatkan hartanya untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya dan memperbaiki kehidupannya dengan cara yang tidak bertentangan dengan kemashlahatan masyarakat. Karena tujuan utama perekonomian Islam adalah agar hubungan ekonomi manusia berdiri diatas landasan  gotong royong, saling cinta kasih, kejujuran, keadilan, selain itu juga menjaga keseimbangan antara hak individu dan masyarakat. Menutup lubang-lubang yang akan menyebabkan kekayaan bertumpuk pada tangan beberapa individu saja. Semua itu harus berdasarkan syari’at Islam. Pemerintah berhak memaksa pedagang untuk menjual barang itu dengan harga standar yang berlaku di pasar apabila mereka melakukan ihtikar. Bahkan Pihak pemerintah seharusnya sejak semula telah mengantisipasi agar tidak terjadi ihtikar dalam setiap komoditi, manfaat, dan jasa yang sangat diperlukan masyarakat. Untuk itu pihak pemerintah sebaiknya melakukan penetapan harga yang adil pada setiap komoditi yang menyangkut keperluan orang banyak. Sistem pasar dalam ekonomi  Islam adalah system pasar  bebas yang di atur oleh hukum penawaran dan permintaan disertai system  persaingan sempurna yang tidak membawa kepada kemudaratan dan kezhaliman. Ketika didapati kemudaratan dan kezhaliman, maka pemerintah dibolehkan untuk intervensi dalam pasar. Di kalangan Fukaha’,  mekanisme pasar sudah dibicarakan walaupun masih dalam pola yang sederhana. Ulama  Syafi’iyah dan Hanabalah melarang pematokan  harga secara mutlak, sedangkan ulama  Hanafiyah  dan Malikiyah membolehkan pematokan harga pada kasus-kasus tertentu
HUKUM MEROKOK MENURUT TINJAUAN NASH DAN KAIDAH SYAR’IYAH
Authors: Harun Nurlaila
Published: December 2018

Merokok hukumnya berdasarkan makna yang terindikasi dari Zhahir ayat Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunnah serta I’tibar (logika) yang benar. Dalil dr Al-Qur’an firman-Nya Qs. Al-Baqarah 195. Maknanya, janganlah kamu melakukan sebab yang menjadi kebinasaanmu. Wajhud dialah (aspek pendalian) dari ayat tersebut adalah merokok termasuk perbuatan mencampakkan diri sendiri kedalam kebinasaan. Sedangkan dalil dari As-Sunnah adalah Hadits yang berasal dari Rasulullah secara Shahih bahwa beliau melarang menyia-nyiakan harta. Makna menyia-nyiakan harta adalah mengalokasikan kepada hal yang tidak bermanfaat. Sebagaimana dimaklumi bahwa mengalokasikan harta dengan membeli rokok adalah termasuk pengalokasinjya kepada hal yang tidak bermanfaat bahkan pengalokasian kepada hal yang didalamnya terdapat kemudharatan.
QISHASH DAN MAQASHID AL-SYARIAH (Analisis Pemikiran asy-Syathibi dalam Kitab Al-Muwafaqat)
Authors: Rajafi Ahmad
Published: December 2018

Qishash merupakan praktek hukum yang ada pra-Islam dan dimodifikasi pada masa Islam. Namun, di zaman modern ini mun­ cul aspirasi penolakan terhadap hukum qishash dengan mengatas­ namakan hak asasi manusia. Bahkan di kalangan umat Islam sendiri juga terjadi penolakan tersebut dengan alasan bahwa qishash telah melanggar maqashid al-syari'ah, yakni hifzh al-nafs (menjaga jiwa). Oleh karena itu melalui tulisan ini, penulis mencoba menelaah secara mendalam permasalahan qishash ini dengan pendekatan maqashid al-syari'ah yang terangkum secara detail di dalam kitab Al-Muwafaqat karya al-Syathibi.
The Degree Of Understanding Of Zakat On Profession/Income In Jepara Regency
Authors: Anwar Aan Zainul , Arifin Miftah
Published: December 2018

This study aimed to determine the degree of understanding of zakat on profession/income and the characteristics of the community distribution model as an effective collection model for zakat institutions. This study used a qualitative method with 68 respondents from various professional work backgrounds including civil servants, teachers, employees, military, police, and government officials. The results of this study were that Jepara people have a high degree of understanding about zakat but have not been fully able to calculate nishab of zakat especially zakat on profession/income. Therefore, not all people who are obliged to pay zakat on professionand the distribution of zakat on professionis still directly to mustahiq.Keywords: Zakat on Profession/Income; Understanding of Zakat; Zakat; Alms
BALANCE SCORECARD DALAM ANALISIS KINERJA KOPERASI (Studi Kasus pada Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) Bayongbong Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat)
Authors: Suseno Gijanto Purbo , Nataliningsih Nataliningsih , Wahyuni Nuni
Published: December 2018

Village Unit Cooperative (KUD) Bayongbong Garut Regency, Wes Java, is a livestock cooperative whose business activities are multi purpose. The purpose of cooperatives is to improve the welfare of members in particular and society in general, in accordance with the interests and needs of its members. The purpose of this study is to measure the performance of cooperatives by using Balanced Scorecard and efforts to be done so that cooperatives can improve its performance. Balanced Scorecard is a rapid measurement and control management system, precise and comprehensive, consisting of four perspectives: financial, customer, internal business processes and learning and growth. The results showed that the non-financial perspective of internal business consisting of livestock food business, cooperation business with State Electricity Company (PLN), Convenience Store, have a better perspective with score score 372, compared with other perspective that is customer perspective with value 832 and growth learning perspective with score 492. Suggestions that can be submitted are independent KUD Bayongbong must be able to improve service for customers and employee satisfaction, provide adequate information system and provide learning or training for its employees
Kepribadian Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Negeri Para Bedebah Karya Tere Liye Kajian Psikoanalisis Carl Gustav Jung
Authors: Sembiring Renni Handayani , Herlina Herlina , Attas Siti Gomo
Published: December 2018

This study aimed at finding out the main characters’ personality in the novel of Negeri Para Bedebah by Tere Liye based on Carl Gustav Jung’s psychoanalysis. The research method used qualitative with content analysis. Data were collected by inventorying Thomas's conversation based on Carl Gustav Jung's psychoanalytic personality characteristic. It consists of think extrovert, feels extrovert, sense extrovert, intuition extrovert, think introvert, feel introvert, sensitive introvert, and intuition introvert. The results revealed that the discovery of eight main characters’ personality. First, think extrovert is demonstrated by the ability of intellectual analysis of objective experience. Second, feel extrovert is found by responding emotionally to objective reality. Third, sense extrovert is the tendency of figures to analyze the situation. Fourth, intuition extrovert is seen by its character does not care about logic. Fifth, think introvert figure depiction looks inflexible, cold, judge, and cruel. Sixth, feel introvert showed by figures are selfish and unsympathetic. Seventh, sense introvert found the ability of the senses to give them subjective meaning. Eighth, intuition introvert is demonstrated by the figure closing in and keeping the distance from the others. In conclusion, the eight personality types can be found on the whole structure of an irregular novel story.
Homonimi dan Polisemi pada Unggahan Jenaka di Instagram
Authors: Wijayanti Asri , Shalima Irsyadi
Published: December 2018

This study is inspired by the use of Instagram as social media that is liked by Indonesian people. From 265, 4 million Indonesian people in 2018, 120 million people are users of social media. Fifty-three million out of 120 million people are the active users of Instagram in Indonesia. Instead of uploading the daily photos, Indonesian people are fond of posting jokes as the representative of social life. Those jokes use language as the primary medium. The use of words utilizes polysemy and homonymy for showing double meaning, so it represents jokes. This qualitative study uses the data of humorous postings on Instagram. After analyzing the data, it is found that the dominant aspects are polysemy and homonymy. Polysemy is shown by the transfer of meaning, the use of terms, and metaphor. Homonymy is viewed by the usage of language tendency, the use of names or titles, the abbreviation, and the divergence of meaning.
Implementation of Game-Based Thematic Science Approach in Developing Early Childhood Cognitive Capabilities
Authors: Suryaningsih Ayu , Rimpiati Ni Luh
Published: December 2018

This study aims to improve the cognitive abilities of early childhood through a game-based science thematic approach. The study was conducted on Pradnyandari III TK Kerobokan group B (aged 5-6 years) children in semester 2 of the school year 2017/2018. This type of research is classroom action research with a procedure consisting of four stages, namely: planning, action taking, development (observation), and reflection. This research was conducted in two cycles. The data collection method used is the observation method. Data on increasing children's cognitive abilities were analyzed descriptively. The results presented in the implementation of this study were an increase in cognitive abilities of early childhood, after following the learning process with a game-based science thematic approach. In the initial observation, the number of completeness was 37.5%. The increase incompleteness of children's cognitive abilities occurred in the first cycle, to 70.83% and again increased in the second cycle to 91.67%. So it can be concluded that the application of a thematic-based science thematic approach can improve the cognitive abilities of early childhood
Improvement of the Logical Intelligence Through Media Kolak (Collage Numbers) Based on Local Wisdom on Early Childhood
Authors: Suryani Novi Ade , Haryono Mimpira
Published: December 2018

This study aims to improve logical intelligence through media kolak (collage numbers) based on local wisdom in early childhood in PAUD Mawar Al Barokah, Padang Serai Village, Kampung Melayu District, Bengkulu City. The procedure for carrying out this research was carried out using two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. Each cycle also consists of two meetings, where each meeting has three assessments 1). Know the shape of objects, 2). Know the concept of numbers, and 3). Calculate the number of objects. The results showed an increase that the end of the second cycle was higher than the end of the first cycle in the category of Very Good Developing Children (BSB), namely at the stage of recognizing the shape of objects by 84%, knowing the concept of numbers by 64%, and at the stage of calculating the number of objects of 72 %. In addition, from the learning process it seems fun by using natural materials that are easily available, students become more active, enthusiastic, and creative. Thus, learning through media kolak (collage numbers) based on local wisdom can be used by teachers to improve logic intelligence in early childhood.
Building Effective Communication Between Teachers and Early Children In PAUD Institutions
Authors: Prasanti Ditha , Fitriani Dinda Rakhma
Published: December 2018

Effective communication is certainly the dream of everyone who does it. Not separated from the communication process, early childhood also interacts to achieve the desired communication goals. In this article, the author discusses the efforts to build effective communication for teachers and early childhood in the X PAUD institution in Bandung. The author sees this topic as very important because it is an urgency now to express the creation of effective communication between teachers and early childhood in their PAUD institutions. This study uses a qualitative approach to the case study method. The author raises a case about efforts to build effective communication in the PAUD X institution. This study is very suitable to be analyzed with symbolic interaction theory because there is a meaning in the communication process conducted by teachers with early childhood in the PAUD institution. The results showed that there were efforts made to build effective communication between teachers and early childhood, including: (1) PAUD teachers as communicators must have characteristics of patience, willingness to sacrifice, attention, assertiveness, and be able to attract early childhood attention; (2) the existence of media / tools used by PAUD teachers at the X institution to achieve effective communication for teachers and early childhood; (3) PAUD teachers must understand the diverse character of their students
Mycorrhizal efficiency in pepper yield by fertilization in clay soil growth conditions
Authors: KARACA Hüseyin
Published: December 2018

Biomass responses to mycorrhizae and
fertilization of phosphorus (P) and elemental sulfur (ES) on green pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown for 45 days on
calcareous sterilized Menekşe soil (sub-group Typic Xerorthent) were
investigated. Root yield was increased by mycorrhizal inoculation compared to
the control treatment. However, shoot yield remained unchanged. On the other
hand, there was more synergistic effect between mycorrhizae and combined fertilization
of ES and P, compared to the ES or P fertilization alone. Accordingly, shoot
concentrations of P significantly increased. The other shoot nutrient
concentrations differed independently from each other (p>0.05). Results
showed that P and ES fertilization increased the efficieny of mycorrhizae in
the clay soil growth conditions and mycorrhizae has potential to increase yield.
Вплив попередників, обробітку ґрунту та добрив на урожай і якість зерна кукурудзи в умовах Луганської області
Authors: Маслійов С. В. , Мацай Н. Ю. , Циганкова Н. А. , Сахно М. А.
Published: December 2018

Урожай більшості польових культур, в тому числі і кукурудзи, залежить від тих умов, які створюються попередніми культурами сівозміни. Розміщення кукурудзи після гарних попередників не лише підвищує урожайність, але і покращує родючість ґрунтів.

Встановлено, що добрива та обробіток ґрунту сприяють підви­щенню урожайності кукурудзи. В умовах дефіциту та дорожнечі мінеральних добрив залишається маловивченим питання заміни їх органічними, які сприяють покращенню еко­логічного та фітосанітарного стану як ґрунту, так і посівів ку­курудзи, забезпечують отримання кращого за якістю та дешевого зерна.

У зв'язку з цим, встановлення значення озимої пшениці, ячме­ню, кукурудзи на зерно і цукрових буряків як основних попередників кукурудзи, вирощуваної на різних фонах удобрення та основного обробітку ґрунту, в підвищенні її урожайності набуває особ­ливої актуальності. Досліди проводилися на дослідних ділянках Луганського національного університету ім. Тараса Шевченка в 2016–2018 роках.

Враховуючи важливість проблеми, авторами вказана перспектива на базі комплексних досліджень виявити вплив стерньових та просапних попередників у випадку різних фо­нів удобрення і обробітку ґрунту на елементи його родючості, фітосанітарний стан та продуктивність посівів кукурудзи в умовах біологізації землеробства.

The harvest of most field crops, including corn, depends on those conditions which are pre-crops in the rotation. The location of the corn after a good predecessors  not  only  increases  the yield, but also  improves soil fertility.

It has been established that fertilizers and soil cultivation help to increase the yield of corn. In the conditions of deficit and high cost of mineral fertilizers, the issue of their replacement by organic, which helps to improve the ecological and phytosanitary state of both soil and corn, remains weak, providing quality and cheap grain products.

In this regard, the determination of the value of winter wheat, barley, maize for grain and sugar beet, as the main predessors of maize, grown on different backgrounds of fertilizer and basic cultivation of soil, in increasing its yield is of a particular relevance. Experiments were conducted on experimental areas of Luhansk Taras  Shevchenko National University in 2016–2018.

Taking into account the importance of the problem, the authors pointed out the prospect on the basis of complex studies to determine the effect of stems and propagation predessors at different backgrounds of fertilization and soil cultivation on elements of its fertility, phyto-sanitary condition and productivity of corn crops in the conditions of agriculture biologization.
Вміст важких металів у ґрунтах захисних лісових насаджень призалізничних територій
Authors: Гупал В. В. , Чорнявська І. Р.
Published: December 2018

Описано поліфункціональне значення захисних лісових насаджень на шляхах залізничного транспорту та вказано на необхідність вивчення їх лісомеліоративних функцій. Проведено дослідження щодо шкідливого впливу залізничного транспорту на довкілля та істотного забруднення ґрунту рухомими формами важких металів у захисних лісових насадженнях різної конструкції уздовж транспортних магістралей. Надано геохімічну оцінку ґрунтів за вмістом важких металів через гранично допустиму концентрацію (ГДК) та класифікацію хімічних елементів за класами небезпечності. Досліджено залежність між вмістом важких металів у ґрунті та відстанню від колійного полотна. Виявлено рівень забруднення під впливом техногенного середовища залізниць та поширення з відстанню від залізничного полотна рухомих форм свинцю, кадмію, цинку, міді, нікелю, кобальту, хрому, заліза та марганцю у ґрунтах захисних лісових насаджень.

The polyfunctional value of protective forest plantations on railway has been described. The necessity of studying their forest reclamation functions is indicated. Constant pollution of the environment requires the immediate solution of urgent environmental and economic problems to ensure a clean future. The influence of railway transport on the environment has been studied. Studies have been carried out on significant soil contamination by mobile forms of heavy metals in protective forest plantations along transport routes. The geochemical assessment of soils by the content of heavy metals is given in accordance with the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). Heavy metals were considered in accordance with the classification of chemical elements by hazard class. The dependence between the content of heavy metals in the soil and the distance from the track has been investigated. The level of pollution and the spread of mobile forms of lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, chromium, iron and manganese in the soils of protective forest plantations under the influence of the technogenic environment of railways was revealed. Compounds of heavy metals extend approximately at the same distance from the track and do not exceed the MPC, with the exception of manganese. At the control section, experiments showed that all chemical elements, except manganese, were at a minimum. After analyzing the test plot data, we found that the proportion of Mn in them is the greatest, (55% in average), and zinc, lead and iron fluctuate – about 9%, which is 6 times less than the manganese content. The rest of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Co, Ni, Cr) occupy insignificant percentages in the soil, which range up to 5%.
Едафічна характеристика дерново-літогенних ґрунтів на сіро-зелених глинах на засадах екологічної мікроморфології
Authors: Кацевич В. В. , Грицан Ю. І.
Published: December 2018

Наведено агроекологічне обґрунтування процесу ґрунтоутворення та результати мікроморфологічного дослідження дерново-літогенних ґрунтів на сіро-зелених глинах науково-дослідного стаціонару ДДАЕУ з сільськогосподарської рекультивації земель. Виявлено особливості мікроморфологічної будови техноземів пробної ділянки сільськогосподарської рекультивації. Встановлено найбільш характерні новоутворення досліджуваного профілю, а саме дрібнозернистий кальцит, який насичує матеріал основи, та його вицвіти в порах.

In general, in Ukraine the rate of land alienation with the purpose of mining operations is far ahead of the rate of reclaimed areas recovery. As a result, the problem of disturbed lands reclamation and their returning to economic use becomes a high priority state problem.

 The objective of our study was characterizating the pegogenesis of soddy-lithogenic soil onto grey-green сlay in the condition of land reclamation of the Research-Experimental Agrarian Station of Dnipro State Agrarian-Economic University (DSAEU).

According to the results of micromorphological study of soddy-lithogenic soils onto grey-green сlay conducted at DSAEU Research-Experimental Agricultural Station near Pokrov city, Nikopol district of Dnipropetrovsk region, agroecological substantiation of pedogenesis was presented.

    The peculiarities of the micromorphological structure of technozem on the experimental plot of agricultural reclamation were studied. It was established that the dominance of carbonates is common in each soil horizon. Due to effect of climatic and biological factors, calcareous neoformations in the topsoil are much smaller in size in comparison with subsoil, and the number of large ones is negligible. With the depth, the effect of weathering decreases, leading to much larger size of calcareous neoformations. Micromorphological studies show that fine-grained calcite was the most common type of neoformations in the soil profile, which saturates the material with bases, and its mottles in pores. It was determined that organic substance was contained mainly in the upper soil horizons 20 cm deep. It is mainly represented by black humus, gumones and fresh plant residues. The absence of the intermediate stages of fresh plant residues decomposition provides the evidence of a high rate of organic matter decomposition.
Деякі показники якості та безпечності м’яса та м’ясопродуктів
Authors: Кіт А. А. , Михайлютенко С. М. , Кручиненко О. В. , Євстаф’єва В. О. , Мельничук В. В.
Published: December 2018

Представлено результати досліджень показників якості та безпечності зразків продукції під час проведення ярмаркового заходу Комунальним підприємством «Міський магазин» м. Київ. Перевірено їх відповідність за вмістом афлатоксину В1, пестицидів. Встановлено, що рівень AFВ1 у харчових продуктах становив менше 0,0144 мг/кг. Проаналізовано проби м’яса та м’ясопродуктів на вміст таких пестицидів як гексахлоран (гамма-ізомер), дихлордифенил три-хлорметилметан та його метаболіти, базудин, карбофос, метафос, хлорофос, дихлорвинилдифосфат. З’ясовано, що за показниками якості та безпеки (пестицидів, мікотоксинів) м’ясо та м’ясопродукти відповідають нормативним вимогам і були допущені до реалізації.

Environmental, feed, and food products pollution with mycotoxins and pesticides creates the potential threat for animal and human health, leads to economic losses as a result of diseases and mortality of farm animals and poultry.

Product samples were selected (for making laboratory analyses, expert examination, testing) during the fair conducted by the Municipal enterprise «City Shop» in Kyiv.

Meat and meat products were the objects of analyses.

The testing was held in the Regional government laboratory of the Government Food Product Consumer Service in Kyiv and Kyiv region.

Sample selection was made according to the «Order of selecting product samples of animal, plant, and biotechnological origin for making analyses dated June 14, 2002 №833», according to Article 14 of the Law of Ukraine «About the foundations of government supervision (control) in the sphere of economic activities», and according to the Decision №126 dated 29.11.2017. 

The content of aflatoxin B1 was checked in the samples. The mentioned toxin belongs to the most toxic natural hepato-carcinogens among all the compounds and also pesticides. It was established that AFB1 level was less than 0,0144 mg/kg. Also the meat and meat product samples were analyzed as to the content of such pesticides as hexachlorane (gamma-isomer), dichlorodiphenyl, trichloromethyl-methane and its metabolites, bazudin, carbophos, metaphos, chlorophos, and dichlorovinyl-diphosphate. It was found out that meat and meat products corresponded to the standard requirements as to quality and safety indices (concerning pesticides and mycotoxins) and were allowed to selling.

The monitoring system of the residual amounts of polluting substances remains the guarantor of product safety in Ukraine. It is the systematic control of aflatoxins and pesticides in farm products that will ensure human and animal health. It should be noted that to eliminate the risks of danger, it is necessary to improve the system of monitoring raw products, which are used for manufacturing food products concerning safety indices at all the stages of producing, selling, and storing.
Клінічні й гематологічні показники курчат-бройлерів за органічного вирощування
Authors: Кучерук М. Д. , Засєкін Д. А.
Published: December 2018

Стаття присвячена вивченню можливості вирощування курчат-бройлерів органічним способом для отримання якісної та безпечної курятини. Здійснено порівняння процесу вирощування, динаміки набору живої маси курчат органічного вирощування з традиційною інтенсивною технологією. Акцентовано висвітлено питання зміни біохімічних та морфологічних показників периферичної крові в динаміці. Проведеними дослідженнями патологічних відхилень у картині крові курчат різного віку не виявлено. Певні коливання відповідали віковим періодам росту й розвитку, а також деякому впливу стрес-факторів зовнішнього середовища. Гуманна складова органічного вирощування курей перекриває економічні видатки, пов’язані з більш тривалим періодом утримання, а органічна продукція має додану вартість. Однак лише створення належних умов утримання і догляду птиці для задоволення їх природних потреб, годівля натуральними, екологічно чистими кормами в кінцевому результаті дозволяє отримати якісну й безпечну органічну продукцію.

The article is devoted to the study of the possibility of growing broiler-chickens in an organic way to produce high-quality and safe chicken. The growing process, the dynamics of a set of live weight of organic growing chickens are compared with the traditional intensive technology. Organic foods are healthier for consumers than traditional ones.

The productivity, well-being and health of farm animals depend not only on feeding, but also on the conditions of maintenance and care.

The hematological research promotes the study of the influence of a certain factor on the mechanisms of regulation of metabolic homeostasis of the internal environment of the organism and the productivity of the poultry. The issues of changes in the biochemical and morphological parameters of peripheral blood over time are highlighted.

Studies have not revealed  pathological abnormalities in the blood picture of chickens of different ages. Some fluctuations in blood glucose, as well as protein and hemoglobin, respectively, in most control points corresponded to age periods of growth and development, but also some influence of environmental stress factors (elevated air temperature) was noted. The dynamics of oscillations of blood cells was within the physiological norm for chickens of slowly growing breeds. Significant deviations testifying the violation of the health status of the poultry were not established.

The humane component of organic chicken raising covers the economic costs associated with a longer period of keeping and organic products have added value. However, only with the creation of proper conditions for the maintenance and care of poultry to meet their natural needs, when feeding with natural, environmentally friendly feed – you can ultimately receive high-quality and safe organic products.
Застосування нейронних мереж для автоматизованого керування вологозабезпеченістю сільськогосподарських культур
Authors: Лєві Л. І.
Published: December 2018

Розглянуто нейромережевий підхід до автоматизованого керування вологозабезпеченістю сільськогосподарських культур. Сучасний стан теорії і практики створення штучних нейронних мереж і нейрокомп’ютерів надав можливість розробки принципово нових алгоритмів і методів керування складними нелінійними динамічними об'єктами. Це дозволяє підвищити точність керування вологістю ґрунту, забезпечити отримання планових врожаїв сільськогосподарських культур, економити водні та енергетичні ресурси за рахунок їх раціонального використання.

The highest yield of agricultural crops is achieved with the optimal amount of moisture, nutrition, heat, air and light. At the same time, the water regime of the soil is necessary for crops and is created by the appropriate irrigation regime, which establishes the norms, timing and amount of irrigation depending on the biological characteristics of the crops, natural and economic conditions. In determining the irrigation water flow, water consumption or total evaporation is taken into account, depending on climatic conditions, the amount of thermal energy supplied to the surface, soil moisture, the type and yield of the crop.

Therefore, issues of adaptation and self-study of automated soil moisture management systems under the influence of random weather factors, changes in the characteristics of the control object, improvement of control accuracy due to the operational accounting of the effect of disturbances on the object, ensuring the production of planned crop yields while rational use of energy and water resources are relevant.

In addition, modern moisture management systems for agricultural crops should not only ensure sufficient control accuracy, but also predict the plants need for water for a certain period, minimize energy and water costs without yield loss, be reliable and convenient in operation, provide the operator with complete and timely information about the value of all parameters and the state of the control system.

To solve these problems, an approach to automating the process of controlling irrigation systems using neural networks has been considered. The proposed approach allows to improve the accuracy of soil moisture management, to ensure the production of planned crop yields, to save water and energy resources due to their rational use.
Фотосинтетична продуктивність буряка цукрового залежно від рівнів удобрення та густоти стояння рослин в умовах західного Лісостепу
Authors: Тирусь М. Л.
Published: December 2018

Висвітлено результати досліджень з вивчення впливу норм удобрення та густоти стояння рослин на показники фотосинтетичної продуктивності буряка цукрового в умовах Західного Лісостепу. Встановлено, що застосування густоти стояння рослин 120–130 тис. шт./га за норми N300P225K350  створювало кращі умови для формування і росту листків рослин буряка цукрового. Площа листків станом на 15 серпня була на 28634 м2/га більша порівняно до контрольного варіанту без мінерального удобрення за цієї ж густоти стояння. Оптимальна площа живлення рослин буряка цукрового та формування кращого асиміляційного апарату листкової поверхні за густоти 120–130 тис. шт./га за норми N300P225K350 зумовило найвищі показники продуктивності фото-синтезу: фотосинтетичний потенціал становив 1,46 млн м2 днів/га та чиста продуктивність фотосинтезу – 4,53 г сух. реч. на м2 лист. пов. за добу.

Photosynthesis is the main physiological process that results in the formation of plant dry matter. Up to 90-95% of the accumulation of the dry mass of the sugar beet harvest during photosynthesis occurs in the leaves. The highest yields and the best yields can be obtained only in crops that have an optimal leaf area and with an optimal course of its formation, will be ensured by the rational use of mineral nutrition elements. For many years, the debate continues on changing the direction of the density of the standing of sugar beet plants with increased soil fertility due to fertilization. Depending on the amount of fertilizer applied, plant density can be adjusted.

In the conditions of the western forest-steppe, a research was conducted to study the effect of fertilizer norms and plant density on the indicators of sugar beet photosynthetic productivity. It has been established that the use of plant density of 120-130 thousand pieces per hectare with the norm of N300P225K350 created the best conditions for the formation and growth of leaves of sugar beet plants. The area of leaves as of August 15 was 28,600 square meters per hectare more compared to the control variant without mineral fertilizer, with the same density of standing.

Thickening of sowing to 140-150 thousand pieces per hectare led to a decrease in leaf area by 2-2.6 thousand square meters per hectare.

The optimal area of nutrition of sugar beet plants and the formation of the best assimilation apparatus of the leaf surface for densities of 120-130 thousand pieces per hectare at a rate of N300P225K350 determined high rates of photosynthesis productivity: photosynthetic potential was 1.46 million m2 days / ha and net photosynthesis producti-vity – 4.53 g dry substances per square meter of leaf surface per day.

As a result of the correlation analysis, a strong relationship between fertilizer levels and the photosynthetic potential of sugar beet plants (r = 0.98) and a weak direct relationship between fertilizer levels and net photosynthetic productivity (r = 0.28) was established.
Вплив полтавського полігоніу твердих побутових відходів на питну воду та воднi об’єкти
Authors: Молчанова А. В.
Published: December 2018

У Полтаві експлуатується полігон твердих побутових відходів поблизу селища Макухівка (4 км від Полтави). 

Полігон не має ніяких захисних екранів, а на відстані 800 м від полігону протікає річка Коломак.

Забруднені фільтратом ґрунтові води, що течуть до річки Коломак, є серйозним, постійно діючим, багатокомпонентним джерелом забруднення, вплив якого необхідно ліквідувати або мінімізувати, адже р. Коломак впадає у Ворсклу, що несе свою воду в Дніпро.

Нижче за течією м. Полтави розташовані міста і села, які користуються поверхневим забором питної води. В їх числі і велике місто Кременчук.

Наведено результати впливу полтавського полiгону твердих побутових відходів на питну воду та воднi об’єкти.

In Poltava, a landfill for solid waste near the village Makukhovka (4 km from Poltava) is operated. The landfill has no protective screens, and at a distance of 800 m from the landfill the Kolomak River flows. The groundwater contaminated by the filtrate flowing to the Kolomak River is a serious, permanent, multicomponent source of pollution, the effect of which must be eliminated or minimized, because Kolomak flows into Vorskla, which carries its water into the Dnieper. Downstream of the Vorskla River not far from Poltava city are located cities and villages which use surface intake of drinking water. Among them there is a big city Kremenchuk. The results of the influence of the Poltava solid waste landfill on drinking water and water bodies are presented.

Solid waste landfills (SWL) are dangerous sources of environmental pollution. Especially those of them that are not equipped with an anti-filtration screen and are operated without proper insulation of inert materials and without the necessary compaction of waste.

Environmental and sanitary problems associated with their operation are almost the same, this is a negative impact on all components of the environment, including surface and groundwater.

The complexity of this impact is also revealed in the fact that pollution has a multicomponent nature, that is, various substances of a very wide range enter into the environment from the side of solid waste landfills in various ways and the number of pollutant components is constantly increasing.
PROTECTION OF PATENT RIGHTS
Authors: Sari Repita
Published: December 2018

The difference in the legal system for protecting the scope of patents in various countries,not only importing new investments but also determining the processtechnology transfer of a country. Extensive protection causestechnology transfer is not easy despite lack of protectionbecause the patent owner suffered a loss. These two differences in intentionresulting in the need for comparative studies on patent protection coveragein countries. There are two problems that must be explored, first whatdifferences and similarities in patent protection coverage in regulationsstate and the second how the legal system affects eventsdifferent? This problem will use research methodscomprehensive statutory approach and comparative approach, approachcase, and conceptual approach.
PROTECTION RIGHTS FOR THE BRAND IN A PRODUCT (DESI FEBRIANI)
Authors: Febriani Desi
Published: December 2018

Protection of intellectual property rights is very important for ongoing development in Indonesia. Protected intellectual property rights in Indonesia may be brands, licenses, copyrights, patents or industrial designs. Whereas Patent is a special right granted by the State to the inventor for his findings in the field of technology for a certain period of time carrying out his own invention to give his consent to others to do so (Law No. 6 of 1989).In Indonesia, the rights of the brand were first applied to the Industriele Eigendom Kolonien Regulations in 1912, this provision was valid until 1961 (UUNo.21 about corporate and commercial brands).In 1992 there was only Law No. 19 and amended by Law No. 15 of 2001 According to Law No.15 of 2001 article 1 paragraph 1 the right of the brand is a sign in the form of images, names, words, letters, numbers, arrangement of colors, or a combination of elements elements that have distinguishing features and are used in the trading of goods or services.Keywords: Copyrights and Brands.
Hak Paten Desain Kamera Pop Up pada Vivo apex
Authors: Nenni
Published: December 2018

Teknologi yang diungkapkan di sini memaksimalkan ukuran area tampilan yang terkait dengan perangkat seluler dengan berbagai penempatan kamera. Dalam satu perwujudan, kamera ditempatkan di dalam perangkat seluler, dan dapat muncul di luar perangkat seluler saat kamera diaktifkan. ketika kamera tidak aktif, kamera memendek di dalam perangkat seluler, dan menjadi tidak mencolok bagi pengguna. dalam perwujudan lain, kamera terintegrasi ke dalam tampilan perangkat seluler sebagai ikon kamera. ikon kamera terintegrasi. kamera terintegrasi melayani dua tujuan: untuk merekam gambar, dan bertindak sebagai ikon kamera, yang ketika dipilih mengaktifkan kamera. dengan mengeluarkan kamera dari sisi depan perangkat seluler, atau dengan mengintegrasikan kamera ke layar tampilan perangkat seluler, ukuran layar tampilan perangkat seluler dapat ditingkatkan.
PROSEDUR-PROSEDUR UNTUK MENDAPATKAN HAK PATEN
Authors: saputra niko
Published: December 2018

Hak paten adalah perbuatan yang merupakan hak eksklusif dari pemegang paten, yaitu mengenai penjualan, penggunaan dan halhal lain yang berkaitan dengan objek yang telah dipatenkan3 . Dalam proses perolehan paten memiliki langkah, dan juga syarat didalamnya, yang harus dipenuhi untuk dapat mematenkan suatu invensi. Adapun syarat terhadap invensi yang dapat diberi paten adalah : invensi baru, jika invensi yang diajukan paten tersebut tidak sama dengan teknologi yang diungkap sebelumnya serta Invensi mengandung langkah inovatif, jika invensi tersebut merupakan hal yang tidak diduga sebelumnya bagi seseorang yang mempunyai keahlian tertentu dibidang teknik, invensi tersebut dapat diterapkan dalam industri, artinya invensi yang dapat dipatenkan adalah invensi yang dapat digunakan di bidang industry, dan mengandung langkah inventif (kebaharuan) dan Untuk mematenkan sebuah produk itu tidak lah gampang harus melaluli prosedur-prosedur yang sudah ditetapkan.
Yeni susanti _165100114
Authors: susanti Yeni
Published: December 2018

AbstractMari belajar coding dengan mudah dan sederhana. Dalam post blog saya kali ini kita akan belajar membuat aplikasi database sederhana dengan delphi. Aplikasi yang akan kita buat digunakan sebagai contoh untuk menginput data barang. Namun sebelum kita belajar untuk membuat aplikasi ini sebelumnya saya akan menjelaskan spesifikasi software yang saya gunakan.Database Management System (DBMS) yang kita gunakan pada aplikasi ini MySQL, karena MySQL paling banyak penggunanya dan lebih mudah digunakan. MySQL yang kita gunakan kali ini sudah include dalam virtual server XAMPP.Kata kunci : database sederhana dalam delphi
PROTECTION RIGHTS FOR THE BRAND IN A PRODUCT (DESI FEBRIANI) Quiz Selected Section Class
Authors: Febriani Desi
Published: December 2018

Protection of intellectual property rights is very important for ongoing development in Indonesia. Protected intellectual property rights in Indonesia may be brands, licenses, copyrights, patents or industrial designs. Whereas Patent is a special right granted by the State to the inventor for his findings in the field of technology for a certain period of time carrying out his own invention to give his consent to others to do so (Law No. 6 of 1989).In Indonesia, the rights of the brand were first applied to the Industriele Eigendom Kolonien Regulations in 1912, this provision was valid until 1961 (UUNo.21 about corporate and commercial brands).In 1992 there was only Law No. 19 and amended by Law No. 15 of 2001 According to Law No.15 of 2001 article 1 paragraph 1 the right of the brand is a sign in the form of images, names, words, letters, numbers, arrangement of colors, or a combination of elements elements that have distinguishing features and are used in the trading of goods or services.Keywords: Copyrights and Brands.
A Feasibility Study on Waste Utilization in Construction and Review of Waste Generation
Authors: Gutti Mala Babagana
Published: December 2018

This study is aimed at educating the engineering public and professionals on the importance and necessity of waste management, reuse and recycling and also awareness on the benefits of conserving our environment through the reuse and utilization of waste within it. The study has been able to identify the different types of waste with potential of utilization towards construction and several key research factors and criteria which can provide focus and direction towards the choice of waste-type to be used and ensuring that they have utilization potentials in the construction industries.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN JUMLAH HUNIAN HOTEL DENGAN ANALISIS SWOT
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad
Published: December 2018

This study aims to find out the Strategy of Increasing Number of Occupancy By Using SWOT Analysis At Hotel Arya Duta Makassar. This study was conducted for 1 month, from December to January 2018. Using primary data and secondary data, data were collected through questioners distributed to 19 respondents. The data is processed using the SWOT analysis formula by analyzing the internal and external factors faced by the company.The results of this study indicate that Hotel Arya Duta Makassar has a good value weight with its external environment that is in the position of Opportunities and Strength, so it can be concluded that the position of competition Arya Duta Makassar according to the SWOT diagram is in quadrant 1 (one) that is SO, aryaduta must choose an aggressive strategy to win the business competition it faces.
YENI SUSANTI_165100114
Authors: susanti Yeni
Published: December 2018

Inventor ideas poured into a specific problem solving activity in the field of technology can be in the form of a product or process, or a product or process improvement and development.Simple Patent RightsNamely, every invention in the form of a product or device that is new and has practical utility values due to its shape, configuration, construction or component can obtain legal protection in the form of a simple patent.
lia aulina_165100113
Authors: aulina Lia
Published: December 2018

how to create databases and tables with Borland Delphi Database is one of the needs that need to be used in making applications that require data that is changing or just for data storage. The database can be said as a collection of stored and regulated or organized data so that the data can be retrieved or searched easily and efficiently. Manually the database can be a file cabinet, while a computerized database is an archive file. In general, databases are related to computerized data archiving so as to facilitate accessing data at a time quickly..