bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VIOLÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA E OS DIREITOS DA MULHER ENQUANTO GESTANTE E PARTURIENTE
Authors: Santos Cinthya Silva , Santos Thaialla Barbosa
Published: May 2024

O projeto de pesquisa acadêmica in loco tem como tema a violência obstétrica e os direitos da mulher enquanto gestante e parturiente. Estes atos ilícitos podem ser apresentado como violência física, verbal ou psicológica que muitas vezes acaba deixando sequelas nas vítimas e tornando um dos momentos mais importantes na vida de uma mulher em um momento traumático. Diante dessa realidade, o objetivo geral a ser discutido é a violência obstétrica e os direitos assegurados a mulher no período gestacional e parturiente. A metodologia utilizada será através de pesquisas já existentes na literatura brasileira, fazendo um estudo atual desde o período da pandemia Covid-19 até os dias atuais. Será utilizado a legislação e os princípios constitucionais como fonte normativa de direito, além dos documentos oficiais e os projetos basilares para assegurar os direitos e diminuir o índice de violência obstétrica. É importante ressaltar que o Estado da Bahia não possui legislação específica tipificando violência obstétrica como crime. Em decorrência disso, será apresentada uma possível solução para diminuir o índice de ocorrências nas maternidades e postos de saúde que acolhem essas mulheres em situação de hipervulnerabilidade durante o período gestacional, bem como puerperal antes mesmo que elas se tornem vítima. É esperado que o estudo acerca do tema sirva como subsídio para novas discussões e possíveis projetos de lei possam sugir para a violência obstétrica ser elencada no código Penal e de Processo Penal Brasileiro.
Les risques et l’anthropocène
Authors: Rebotier Julien
Published: May 2024

L’anthropocène est désormais le temps des défis environnementaux dans lesquels les sociétés se sont récemment plongées. Pour les sciences sociales, l’anthropocène est un « moment » historique de possibles révolutions : celles des manières de voir ou de penser la condition humaine, les interactions des hommes avec le reste du vivant et avec la planète à toutes les échelles.C’est au tournant du XXIe siècle que l’anthropocène fait irruption dans le champ hétérogène des études de risque. Cette « nouvelle ère » géologique créée par l’humanité renouvellerait la compréhension des enjeux environnementaux en fonction de l’analyse des problématiques sociales et politiques constitutives des situations de risque.Rassemblant des contributions de spécialistes en sciences sociales sur les risques et l’environnement, cet ouvrage explore les apports de l’anthropocène à la compréhension des risques et à leur gestion, mais aussi ses limites.
Interannual variability of summertime formaldehyde (HCHO) vertical column density and its main drivers at northern high latitudes
Authors: Zhao Tianlang , Mao Jingqiu , Ayazpour Zolal , González Abad Gonzalo , Nowlan Caroline R. , Zheng Yiqi
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The northern high latitudes (50–90° N, mostly including boreal-forest and tundra ecosystems) have been undergoing rapid climate and ecological changes over recent decades, leading to significant variations in volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions from biogenic and biomass burning sources. Formaldehyde (HCHO) is an indicator of VOC emissions, but the interannual variability of HCHO and its main drivers over the region remains unclear. In this study, we use the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model and satellite retrievals from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) to examine the interannual variability of HCHO vertical column density (VCD) during the summer seasons spanning from 2005 to 2019. Our results show that, in 2005–2019 summers, wildfires contributed 75 %–90 % of the interannual variability of HCHO VCD over Siberia, Alaska and northern Canada, while biogenic emissions and background methane oxidation account for ∼ 90 % of HCHO interannual variability over eastern Europe. We find that monthly solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2), an efficient proxy for plant photosynthesis, shows a good linear relationship (R= 0.6–0.7) with the modeled biogenic HCHO column (dVCDBio,GC) in eastern Europe, Siberia, Alaska and northern Canada, indicating the coupling between SIF and biogenic VOC emissions over the four domains on a monthly scale. In Alaska, Siberia and northern Canada, SIF and dVCDBio,GC both show relatively lower interannual variabilities (SIF: CV = 1 %–9 %, dVCDBio,GC: CV = 1 %–2 %; note that CV stands for coefficient of variation) in comparison to wildfire-induced HCHO (CV = 8 %–13 %), suggesting that the high interannual variabilities of OMI HCHO VCD (CV = 10 %–16 %) in these domains are likely driven by wildfires instead of biogenic emissions.
Quantification and mitigation of bottom-trawling impacts on sedimentary organic carbon stocks in the North Sea
Authors: Porz Lucas , Zhang Wenyan , Christiansen Nils , Kossack Jan , Daewel Ute , Schrum Corinna
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The depletion of sedimentary organic carbon stocks by the use of bottom-contacting fishing gear and the potential climate impacts resulting from remineralization of the organic carbon to CO2 have recently been heavily debated. An issue that has remained unaddressed thus far regards the fate of organic carbon resuspended into the water column following disturbance by fishing gear. To resolve this, a 3D-coupled numerical ocean sediment macrobenthos model is used in this study to quantify the impacts of bottom trawling on organic carbon and macrobenthos stocks in North Sea sediments. Using available information on vessel activity, gear components, and sediment type, we generate daily time series of trawling impacts and simulate 6 years of trawling activity in the model, as well as four management scenarios in which trawling effort is redistributed from areas inside to areas outside of trawling closure zones. North Sea sediments contained 552.2±192.4 kt less organic carbon and 13.6±2.6 % less macrobenthos biomass in the trawled simulations than in the untrawled simulations by the end of each year. The organic carbon loss is equivalent to aqueous emissions of 2.0±0.7 Mt CO2 each year, roughly half of which is likely to accumulate in the atmosphere on multi-decadal timescales. The impacts were elevated in years with higher levels of trawling pressure and vice versa. Results showed high spatial variability, with a high loss of organic carbon due to trawling in some areas, while organic carbon content increased in nearby untrawled areas following transport and redeposition. The area most strongly impacted was the heavily trawled and carbon-rich Skagerrak. Simulated trawling closures in planned offshore wind farms (OWFs) and outside of core fishing grounds (CFGs) had negligible effects on net sedimentary organic carbon, while closures in marine protected areas (MPAs) had a moderately positive impact. The largest positive impact arose for trawling closures in carbon protection zones (CPZs), which were defined as areas where organic carbon is both plentiful and labile and thereby most vulnerable to disturbance. In that scenario, the net impacts of trawling on organic carbon and macrobenthos biomass were reduced by 29 % and 54 %, respectively. These results demonstrate that carbon protection and habitat protection can be combined without requiring a reduction in net fishing effort.
A global climatology of sting-jet extratropical cyclones
Authors: Gray Suzanne Louise , Volonté Ambrogio , Martínez-Alvarado Oscar , Harvey Ben J.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Sting jets have been identified in the most damaging extratropical cyclones impacting northwest Europe. Unlike the cold conveyor belt and other long-lived cyclone wind jets, sting jets can lead to regions of exceptionally strong near-surface winds, and damaging gusts, over just a few hours and with much smaller wind “footprints”. They descend into the frontal-fracture region found in warm-seclusion cyclones. Previous research has focused almost exclusively on North Atlantic-European cyclones, but there are no known physical reasons why sting jets should not develop elsewhere and recognition of their existence can inform weather nowcasting and wind warnings. We have produced the first climatology of sting-jet cyclones over the major ocean basins. A sting-jet precursor diagnostic has been applied to more than 10,000 warm-seclusion cyclones in the top intensity decile, tracked using 43 extended-winters of ERA5 reanalysis data. Cyclones with sting-jet precursors are found to occur over the North Pacific and Southern Oceans for the first time and they are more prevalent in the Northern Hemisphere (27 % of all top decile cyclones) compared to the Southern Hemisphere (15 %). These cyclones have distinct characteristics to those without the precursor including initiating closer to the equator, deepening faster in mean-sea-level pressure and having stronger near-surface winds, even in the reanalysis data which is too coarse to resolve sting jets. Composite analysis reveals systematic differences in structural evolution, including in potential vorticity and jet crossing. These differences evidence the climatological consequences of strong diabatic cloud processes on cyclone characteristics, implying that sting jets are likely to be enhanced by climate change.
Gravity compensation and output data decoupling of a novel six-dimensional force sensor
Authors: Wang Yongli , Jin Ke , Li Xiao , Cao Feifan , Yu Xuan
Published: May 2024

Abstract. A shunt three-legged parallel six-dimensional force sensor has been designed for more precise measurement of six-dimensional force/moment information. The theoretical static force model of the sensor was established based on the equivalent of a six-bar closed-loop parallel mechanism. The sensor has been experimentally calibrated under a given external load, and the neural network method has been utilized to nonlinearly fit the experimental data and achieve decoupling. Furthermore, a novel gravity compensation method for the six-dimensional force sensor of the wrist of a robot has been proposed based on the CAD variable geometry method. The positive solution of the position of the parallel robot is simulated through a wire-frame diagram, enabling accurate estimation and correction of the sensor. Experimental validation has confirmed the feasibility of the compensation algorithm.
Dämonisch, das Dämonische (Daemonic, the Daemonic)
Authors: Nicholls Angus
Published: May 2024

Due to their prominence in Goethe’s autobiography (Dichtung und Wahrheit, Poetry and Truth) and in Johann Peter Eckermann’s Gespräche mit Goethe (Conversations with Goethe), Goethe scholarship has associated the lexemes dämonisch and das Dämonische with Goethe’s life, and especially with his seemingly divinely inspired artistic productivity. Yet when these lexemes are considered in relation to the ancient Greek term from which they are derived – δαíμων (German: Dämon; English: daimon or daemon) – they appear as part of a larger tradition in European thought that is concerned with non-rational sources of inspiration, as well as with the limits of reason itself.  Far from offering a consistent theory or concept of the daemonic, Goethe uses this term and its cognates in various ways: to refer to a mysterious and terrifying force that influences one’s life and seems to operate at the nexus between character and fate; as a poetic topos that depicts the relation between the striving subject and its external world; as the morphological core of the personality associated with the tradition of astrology, a core which is seen as the locus of one’s productivity; and as a name or placeholder for phenomena that escape our rational comprehension. Precisely due to the flexibility and ambiguity of these terms, Goethe’s use of them has enjoyed a rich reception in fields as various as theology, religious studies, and philosophy from the nineteenth century until the present.
A survey of Phlebotomine sand flies across their northern distribution range limit in Western Europe
Authors: Risueño J. , Bersihand S. , Bender C. , Cornen T. , De Boer K. , Ibáñez-Justicia A. , Rey D. , Rozier Y. , Schneider A. , Stroo A. , Vanslembrouck A. , Van Bortel W. , Weigand A. , Zambianchi D. , Pérez Cutillas P. , Oerther S. , Braks M. , Wint G.R.W. , Berriatua E. , Schaffner F.
Published: May 2024

Sand flies are vectors of Leishmania spp. protozoa, phleboviruses and Bartonella bacilliformis. In this study we surveyed areas of central-western Europe, encompassing the northern limit of the known sand fly distribution, and investigated the relationship between their presence and environmental variables. In this area, very limited occurrence data exists, none of them recent. Sampling was performed in July and August 2023 using CDC-light traps, sticky traps and human landing captures, at 179 selected sites in 48 municipalities. A total of 55 sand fly specimens were collected at 11% (20/179) of the sites sampled – including 16 sites in France, 2 in Luxembourg and 1 in Germany – comprising the first published records for Luxembourg and the Trier-Saarburg County of Germany. No sand flies were detected in Belgium or in the Netherlands. Two species were captured: Phlebotomus mascittii (37 females, 2 males) and Ph. perniciosus (1 female, 15 males). The latter species was only found in Savoie, the southernmost region sampled in France, while the former species was detected as far north as latitude 50°N. Logistic regression modelling indicated that the probability of sand fly presence gradually decreased with increasing latitude and altitude (P < 0.05), and it was not associated to other analysed landscape features in the proximity of the traps. The study confirms and provides new evidence for the presence of sand flies in areas of Western Europe and highlights the need to be aware of potential autochthonous transmission of sand fly-borne pathogens in these areas.
Pengaruh Fasilitas Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Dan Produktivitas Karyawan (Studi Kasus Pada PT. Chalabi Group Indonesia)
Authors: Ihzan Dwie Akbar Zanuar , Yaning Tri Hapsari
Published: May 2024

Fasilitas kerja merupakan elemen penting dalam suatu perusahaan yang berguna sebagai efisiensi dan kenyamanan kerja. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara fasilitas kerja dengan kinerja dan produktivitas karyawan di PT. Chalabi Group Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel dari pekerja di PT. Chalabi Group Indonesia dengan metode nonprobability sampling dengan jenis purposive sampling. Data kuantitatif yang diperoleh berdasarkan hasil pengolahan kuisioner dari sampel penelitian. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah statistik parametrik dimana hubungan antara 2 variabel mendapatkan hasil positif signifikan dengan hasil yang menunjukkan bahwa fasilitas kerja memiliki nilai koefisien regresi (B) 0.498 untuk kinerja sedangkan (B) 0.458 untuk produktivitas kerja dan signifikansi (Sig.) 0.003 untuk kinerja sedangkan (Sig.) 0.004 untuk produktivitas kerja yang berarti lebih kecil dari 0.05 maka, dapat dinyatakan terdapat pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Kinerja dan Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan. Setiap penambahan 1 nilai akan menaikkan Kinerja dan Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan sebesar 0.498 poin. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka dapat diputuskan H1 (Kinerja) dan H2 (Fasilitas kerja) diterima dan Ho ditolak.
Implementasi Strategi Pemasaran dengan Metode SWOT dan Quantitative Strategy Planning Matrix (Studi Kasus: Bagelan Laksmana Dumai)
Authors: Lala Meilissa Alfera , Yusrizal Yusrizal , Arif Muhammad
Published: May 2024

UMKM Bagelan Laksmana Dumai bergerak di bidang produksi Roti Kering yang rumah produksi nya terletak di Jalan Pattimura Komplek TNI Angkatan Laut Blok A No 1 Dumai, pengembangan usaha UMKM Bagelan Laksmana sangat membutuhkan strategi pemasaran dikarenakan tidak memiliki outlet online maupun offline dan juga kurang melakukan aktifitas promosi secara online melalui sosial media untuk itu diperlukan penentuan strategi pemasaran dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT dan QSPM sebagai pertimbangan dalam menjalankan usaha dimasa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada UMKM Bagelan Laksmana Dumai bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran strategi pemasaran yang ditinjau dari faktor internal berupa kekuatan dan kelemahan yang ada pada UMKM Bagelan Laksmana Dumai dan juga faktor eksternal berupa peluang dan ancaman. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan TAS sebesar 7,41 yaitu pada faktor internal. Berdasarkan analisis internal factor evaluation UMKM Bagelan Laksmana harus mengaplikasikan strategi mempertahankan kualitas produk untuk memberikan jaminan kepercayaan kepada konsumen. Berdasarkan eksternal faktor evaluation peluang (opportunity) utama UMKM Bagelan Laksmana adalah berupa bantuan dari pemerintah dan ancaman (threats) utama yaitu produk sejenis
Penerapan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process Pada Pemilihan Penginapan Di Kota Dumai
Authors: Okdesam Putra Rio , Jenita Marbun Novri , Rahmi Hanifatul
Published: May 2024

Kota Dumai adalah salah satu kota wisata dan tempat penyebrangan untuk transit ke Kota Batam, Tanjung Pinang, Tanjung Balai Karimun, bahkan ke luar negeri seperti Malaysia. Oleh karena itu, wisatawan yang berkunjung ke Dumai memerlukan tempat istirahat yang nyaman. Masalah yang sering muncul saat memilih penginapan adalah harga yang sesuai, fasilitas yang memadai, kenyamanan, dan kebersihan kamar. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membantu pengambilan keputusan terhadap penginapan yang akan dipilih menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Adapun kriteria yang diteliti meliputi harga, fasilitas, kenyamanan, dan kebersihan. Alternatif penginapan yang dipertimbangkan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penginapan AA, Penginapan Andy’sNur, Penginapan Lenggogeni, dan Penginapan Rahmat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kriteria yang paling berpengaruh adalah harga dengan bobot 0,41 atau 41%. Penginapan yang paling memenuhi kriteria harga adalah Penginapan Lenggogeni dengan bobot 0,39 atau 39%. Dalam matriks gabungan alternatif terhadap kriteria harga, fasilitas, kenyamanan, dan kebersihan, penginapan terbaik di Kota Dumai adalah Penginapan Lenggogeni dengan bobot 0,37 atau 37%.
A Comparative Study to Check Students' Linguistics Achievement in Face-to-Face and Online Learning at BS Level
Authors: Nisa Mehr-un- , Nouman Sana , Ashraf Rabbia , Haroon Wuzna
Published: May 2024

This study aimed was to conduct a comparative analysis of the linguistic achievement of students in traditional learning (face to face) and virtual learning (online) at the BS level. It was hypothesiszed that there is likeliy to be a difference in studnets linguistics achievement in face- to- face (traditional) and online learning (virtual). The final term papers of students in both modes of learning are examined to find out the most common errors that pupils make. Due to the sudden outbreak of Covid-19, there has come an obvious transition in the patterns of teaching and learning. With this pandemic and its subsequent lockdowns, as well as isolated contact, e-learning has become a fundamental tool in ensuring continuity of education. This revolution to the online system has urged the researcher to analyze the linguistic achievement of students by comparing face to face and online learning. This study is based on comparative analysis and the data for this present study is collected from 120 students, 60 from face to face classes, and 60 from online classes. The analysis is done on the overall marks obtained by students to see the difference in achievements as well as the errors in writing in the face to face and online learning. The findings of the results showed significant difference in both types of learning. After evaluating the results, it is recommended that there is a dire need for the development of online training programs for both teachers as well as students. This research concludes that the learning outcomes of students are much better in the face to face setting as compared to online learning.
Performance of GIS interfaces in Watershed Delineation and Stream Network Generation from DEM
Authors: A. Sarangi  , C.A. Madramootoo  , D.K. Singh  , A.K. Singh
Published: May 2024

The Geographic Information System (GIS) tool is efficient in delineating drainage area and generating surface drainage network. Watershed delineation and natural drainage network generation from Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are the preliminary steps for watershed prioritization, integrated watershed management (lWM) and sustainable development of natural resources within the watershed. In the present study, recently developed GIS supported interfaces within ArcGIS 8.x and Arc View 3.0 software were applied to accomplish these tasks. The DEM of Cowansvile region, Quebec, Canada was used in the present study for delineation of watersheds. The interfaces performed a sequence of activities such as filling the sinks, estimating the flow direction, flow accumulation and stream links to arrive at delineation of watershed from DEMs and generation of drainage networks. In the present study, the interfaces viz. Watershed and Stream Delineation Tool (WSDT), Terrain analysis using DEMs (TauDEM), Watershed Morphology Estimation Tool (WMET) used within ArcGIS 8.x environment and Centre for Research in Water Resources Pre-Processor (CRWR Pre-Pro) interfaces within ArcView 3.x environment were used. It was reveled that the interfaces within the ArcGIS 8.x performed better than that with the Arc View 3.x environment in terms of processing time and accuracy;
Effect of Aluminized Polyester Sheet on the Microclimate and Growth of Chrysanthemum
Authors: V.P. Sethi  , G S Sidhu
Published: May 2024

In order to keep the air temperature inside the greenhouses with in favorable limits an Aluminized Polyester Sheet (APS) of 24 microns thickness was tested inside a lOO-m2 greenhouse at a height of 2.5 m from the ground level to reflect back the excess solar radiation falling on the greenhouse during the peak hours of the summer months of year 2001. Changes in the microclimate inside the greenhouse were recorded and compared with the other greenhouse where the reflector sheet was not used. It was observed that the total solar radiation and light intensity entering the greenhouse fitted with APS was reduced by 44.6%, and 48.8% respectively thereby reducing the inside air temperature by 3.3°C as compared to the other greenhouse. Experimental tunnels with APS as a cover material instead of polyethylene sheet (P.E.) were designed and fabricated. The growth of Chrysanthemum plants under these tunnels was observed during the summer months of year 2002 and compared with that of open field plants. It was observed that the vegetative growth of plants was 27% higher besides early flowering.
A note on complex combined boundary value problem for the nonhomogeneous tri-analytic equation
Authors: Karaca Bahriye
Published: May 2024

In this paper, a combination of boundary value problems for the nonhomogeneous analytic equations have been studied. The aim of this paper is to find a solution for the Schwarz-(Dirichlet-Neumann) problem and obtain its solvability conditions.
Protective effect of ObE against Doxorubicin-Induced immunosuppression and Cardiotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Islam Boulaares , Samir Derouiche , Imane Yousra Guemari
Published: May 2024

This investigation was aimed to study the effect of leaves aqueous extract of Ocimum basilicum L. (ObE) for prevention of cardiotoxicity and heart failure induced by doxorubicin in rats. For in-vivo rats study, 15 female albino Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 5); control group, doxorubicin treated rats group (DOX) and rats co-treated with doxorubicin and aqueous extract of O. basilicum group (DOX + O. basilicum. Various hematological, enzymatic, and oxidative stress markers were estimated. Histopathology of heart tissues was observed. Results of in-vivo rats study show that doxorubicin treated rats induced elevation in doxorubicin level in heart tissue, alteration in hematological parameters and enzymatic activity compared to control group. In addition, doxorubicin treated rats induced oxidative stress and histological alteration in heart cells compared to control rats. Co-treatment of doxorubicin with leaves aqueous extract of O. basilicum were partially reversed all of previous parameters. This study indicated that the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant property of leaves aqueous extract of O. basilicum allowed using them to protect organs from the side effects of doxorubicin or from the destructive effects of various diseases.
Oscillatory Properties of Second Order Half-Linear Delay Difference Equations
Authors: K. Masaniammal
Published: May 2024

This study explores, some necessary and sufficient conditions that are established for oscillatory  properties of second order half-linear delay difference equations of the form   Δ(p(ξ)(Δx(ξ))^r )+q(ξ)x^s (σ(ξ))=0, for ξ≥ξ_0 .    Under the assumption  ∑_(t=ξ_0)^(ξ-1) 1/(p^(1/r) (t))=∞. Two cases are considered for rs, where r and s are the quotients of two positive odd integers. The effectiveness and applicability of the result are illustrated through few examples.
Edge Irregularity Strength of Binomial Trees
Authors: S. Muthukkumar
Published: May 2024

For a simple graph G, a vertex labeling φ: V (G) → {1, 2, · · ·, k} is called k- labeling. The weight of an edge uv in G, denoted by wφ(uv), is the sum of the labels of end vertices u and v. A vertex k-labeling is defined to be an edge irregular k- labeling of the graph G if for every two different edges e and f, wφ(e) wφ(f). The minimum k for which the graph G has an edge irregular k-labeling is called the edge irregularity strength of G, denoted by es(G). In this paper, we prove that the edge irregularity strength of corona product of a tree T with K1 is es(T K1) = 2es(T). Further, we prove that the edge irregularity strength of binomial trees Bk is 2k−1, for k ≥ 1.
Mathematical Model and Statistical Assessment of Non Linear Scheduling Optimization in Cloud Environment using Improved Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Authors: Shilpa Maheshwari
Published: May 2024

The scheduling optimization subject is indeed one of the most effective solutions in cloud system area to ensure the high systems performance and resource usage. The novelty presented in this study is a mathematical model that draws on an Improved Cuckoo Search Algorithm as a scheduling non-linear optimizer for the cloud computing environment. The model under consideration takes into account the underlying complications as well as the varying nature of the use of cloud resources, primarily addressing the latency issue with priority given to the increase of the throughput. Improved Cuckoo Search (ICS) Algorithm, developed on 'cuckoo search' algorithm, uses adaptive step size and probabilistic switching, which, in turn, ensure that the solution space is both being properly examined and exploited. The applications’ utilization of the scheduling mathematical model is based on an elaborately designed theoretical background representing the task as a non-linear optimization problem that meets all the specific constraints and objectives important in cloud computing. Statistical reassessment involves the comparison of the proposed model with standard benchmarks. The proposed model superiority is evident in terms of convergence speed, solution quality and robustness against diverse workloads, as shown in varied tests. The findings of this research contributes to the field by deriving a specialized tool commonly used by the cloud service provider in designing resource scheduling, enhancing the service delivery and operational efficiency.
Causes of Reworks in IoT Product Development in Startup Companies: A Delphi Study
Authors: Akhil M V
Published: May 2024

Demand for Internet of Things (IoT) products is increasing worldwide, and many startups are involved in IoT product development. Reworks in product development are significant problems these startups face, impacting their productivity and long-term survivability. The repercussions of reworks and the need to avoid or minimize them in IoT product development in startups make it crucial to find the factors leading to reworks. This paper presents a Delphi study conducted among thirty-three experts working in IoT product development in startup companies to identify the factors causing reworks in IoT product development in startups. This study identified forty factors that lead to reworks, and categorized them under nine groups. This study sheds light on the important factors that lead to reworks in IoT product development in startups. The findings of this study will be helpful to startups working in IoT product development to be aware and mindful of major rework-causing factors.
Side Channel Research on CPU Privilege Mode Switching Boundary
Authors: Wuzheng Tan
Published: May 2024

Modern computer systems have evolved from basic page table isolation to kernel page table isolation in order to isolate the memory of individual modules, which not only allows the memory of individual processes to be isolated, but also the memory of the kernel and the user to be isolated. In this paper, we introduce a side-channel attack at the boundary of privileged mode, which utilizes the chaotic execution strategy of the CPU instruction pipeline and the timing before the kernel page table is switched to leak the kernel data into the micro-architecture and extract it using the cache side-channel to break the kernel page-table isolation mechanism in an ingenious way. This special micro-architecture-side channel does not depend on any software vulnerability and is OS independent. Using this attack, the kernel memory can be read freely in the user process space, affecting a large number of cloud service computer users as well as personal computer users.
Deep Learning of Hierarchical Multiscale Differential Equation Time Steppers
Authors: Liu Yuying
Published: May 2024

This video by Yuying Liu introduces a new deep learning architecture to accurately and efficiently integrate multiscale differential equations forward in time. This approach is benchmarked on several illustrative dynamical systems.
Can we make commercial aircraft faster? Mitigating transonic buffet with porous trailing edges
Authors: Lagemann Esther
Published: May 2024

In the age of globalization, commercial aviation plays a central role in maintaining our international connectivity by providing fast air transport services for passengers and freight. However, the upper limit of the aircraft flight envelope, essentially the maximum aircraft speed, is usually fixed by the occurrence of a safety-critical aerodynamic phenomenon called transonic airfoil buffet. It refers to shock wave oscillations occurring on the aircraft wings, which induce unsteady aerodynamic loads acting on the wing structure. Since these loads can cause severe structural damage endangering flight safety, the aviation industry is highly interested in suppressing transonic airfoil buffet to extend the flight envelope to higher aircraft speeds. In this contribution, we demonstrate with experimental wind tunnel measurements that the application of porous trailing edges substantially attenuates the buffet phenomenon. Since porous trailing edges have the additional benefit of reducing acoustic aircraft emissions, our findings could pave the way for faster air transport with reduced noise emissions.
Nonlinear parametric models of viscoelastic fluid flows with SINDy
Authors: Oishi Cassio M.
Published: May 2024

Reduced-order models have been widely adopted in fluid mechanics, particularly in the context of Newtonian fluid flows. These models offer the ability to predict complex dynamics, such as instabilities and oscillations, at a considerably reduced computational cost. In contrast, the reduced-order modeling of non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluid flows remains relatively unexplored. This work leverages the sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics (SINDy) algorithm to develop interpretable reduced-order models for a broad class of viscoelastic flows. In particular, we explore a benchmark oscillatory viscoelastic flow on the four-roll mill geometry using the classical Oldroyd-B fluid. This flow exemplifies many canonical challenges associated with non-Newtonian flows, including transitions, asymmetries, instabilities, and bifurcations arising from the interplay of viscous and elastic forces, all of which require expensive computations in order to resolve the fast timescales and long transients characteristic of such flows. First, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our data-driven surrogate model in predicting the transient evolution on a simplified representation of the dynamical system. We then describe the ability of the reduced-order model to accurately reconstruct spatial flow field in a basis obtained via proper orthogonal decomposition. Finally, we develop a fully parametric, nonlinear model that captures the dominant variations of the dynamics with the relevant nondimensional Weissenberg number. This work illustrates the potential to reduce computational costs and improve design, optimization, and control of a large class of non-Newtonian fluid flows with modern machine learning and reduced-order modeling techniques.
Children and Reading Culture in The Digital Age
Authors: Değirmenci Gündoğmuş Hatice
Published: May 2024

As a social being, human beings affect the environment they are in and are affected by the environment they are in from the moment they are born. These interactions change depending on the human’s ability to make meaning, that is, the ability to read. In the digital age, technologies have become a part of daily life. It has dominated people’s lives and changed their perspective on life and the way they live their lives. The task of protecting children from the negative effects of the digital age, which especially affects the psychological, physical, social and cognitive development of children, and the task of developing reading culture is on the family, school and society. Therefore, the aim of this study is to define the concept of children and reading culture in the digital age by presenting a different perspective and to inspire new research to be conducted. Document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in this study. Researches on the subject were analysed. In the findings section of the study, the importance of the child and the family raising him/her in the current age, the digital age and the effect of the digital age on reading culture are discussed. As a result, reading culture in the current age enables children to gain in-depth knowledge on various subjects, to evaluate events from different perspectives and to acquire critical thinking skills. Parents and teachers can work together to help children acquire a reading culture.
Confidentially Compare Rational Numbers under the Malicious Model
Authors: Xin Liu Xin Liu , Xin Liu Xiaomeng Liu , Xiaomeng Liu Dan Luo , Dan Luo Gang Xu , Gang Xu Xiu-Bo Chen
Published: May 2024

Secure multi-party computation is a hotspot in the cryptography field, and it is also a significant means to realize privacy computation. The Millionaires’ problem is the most fundamental problem among them, which is the basic module of secure multi-party computation protocols. Although there are many solutions to this problem, there are few anti-malicious adversarial protocols besides protocols based on Yao’s garbled circuit. Only a few solutions have low efficiency, and there is no protocol for rational numbers comparison under the malicious model, which restricts the solution of many secure multi-party computation problems. In this paper, the possible malicious behaviors are analyzed in the existing Millionaires’ problem protocols. These behaviors are discovered and taken precautions against through the triangle area formula, zero-knowledge proof, and cut-and-choose method, so the protocol of comparing confidentially rational numbers is proposed under the malicious model. And this paper adopts the real/ideal model paradigm to prove the security of the malicious model protocol. Efficiency analysis indicates that the proposed protocol is more effective than existing protocols. The protocol of rational numbers comparison under the malicious model is more suitable for the practical applications of secure multi-party computation, which has important theoretical and practical significance.

 
Observación general 7 - Las obligaciones del Estado en virtud de la Carta Africana de Derechos Humanos y de los Pueblos en el contexto de la prestación privada de servicios sociales - Resumen y herramienta de incidencia
Authors:   Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Onyango Roselyne
Published: May 2024

Este informe aborda las obligaciones estatales bajo la Carta Africana en relación con la provisión de servicios sociales en medio de una creciente privatización. Desde la década de 1980, los programas de ajuste estructural en África y América Latina han llevado al deterioro de los servicios sociales públicos, como la educación y la atención médica, exacerbando la desigualdad. La observación general 7 reafirma la importancia de los servicios sociales públicos, proporcionando una interpretación exhaustiva de las leyes de derechos humanos. Destaca la necesidad de que los estados aseguren servicios públicos de calidad y accesibles mediante una fiscalidad progresiva y la regulación efectiva de los actores privados. Este documento sirve como una herramienta para promover la colaboración entre África y América Latina, con el objetivo de defender los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales para todas las personas, independientemente de su estatus socioeconómico.
Taxa de detecção das hepatites virais na população pernambucana: um estudo comparativo entre 2016 e 2020
Authors: Santos João Pedro Bruno dos , Goes Paulo Savio Angeiras de , Rodrigues Maria Geovanna Leite , Brito Danúbya Raphaelly Maria de , Galvão Ismael Felipe Gonçalves , Lima Pedro Henrique Leite , Pacífico Fernando Augusto
Published: May 2024

Introdução: O termo “hepatite viral” refere-se à inflamação do fígado relacionada a uma infecção viral. Objetivo: Investigar a taxa de detecção a partir das notificações por hepatites virais (A, B e C) referentes ao período de 2016 a 2020 no estado de Pernambuco. Métodos: A partir das notificações por hepatites virais de residentes no estado de Pernambuco realizadas no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do banco de dados referente a esse agravo, contemplando o período de 2016 a 2020. O presente estudo escolheu as variáveis “UF de notificações” (Pernambuco), “ano de diag/sintomas” (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 e 2020) e “classificação etiológica” (vírus A, vírus B e vírus C). Em seguida, foi calculada a taxa de detecção dos diferentes tipos de hepatites virais. Resultados: No período de 2016 a 2017, a taxa de detecção de hepatite A em Pernambuco mostrou queda expressiva, apresentando pouca variação após esse período, atingindo 0,11/100.000 habitantes em 2020. As taxas de hepatite B apresentaram discreta tendência de alta anual de 2017 a 2019, com diminuição importante nas notificações no ano de 2020, chegando a 1,44/100.000 habitantes. A taxa de detecção de hepatite C foi superior à de hepatite B apenas em 2017. Todavia, também se observa uma queda importante da taxa de detecção da hepatite C em 2020, em razão da diminuição das notificações de casos. Conclusão: Considerando o período analisado, o presente estudo observou variações nas detecções de casos de hepatites B, C e A a partir das notificações realizadas no estado de Pernambuco, bem como foi possível verificar uma tendência de queda nas notificações nos casos de hepatites A e C e uma tendência de alta nas notificações nos casos de hepatite B, no período de 2016 a 2020.
Serological Profile and Risk Factors Associated with HIV Infection among Transgender Women in a Region Distant from the Epicenter of the Epidemic in Brazil
Authors: Silva Bruno Vinícius Diniz e , Magalhães Larissa Silva , Santos Kamila Cardoso dos , Oliveira Brunna Rodrigues de , Silva Grazielle Rosa da Costa e , Guimarães Monick Lindenmeyer , Teixeira Sylvia Lopes Maia , Caetano Karlla Antonieta Amorim , Teles Sheila Araújo , Carneiro Megmar Aparecida dos Santos
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), resulting from infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is a global health problem. According to recent data from the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2022 only, about 1.3 million people were infected with HIV, men over 15 years old accounted for more than half of new cases, and approximately 39.0 million people were living with HIV worldwide. In Brazil, in 2021, the country registered 40,880 new cases of HIV and 35,246 new cases of AIDS. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of HIV and its risk factors in transgender women residing or in transit in the metropolitan region of Goiânia and two towns in the state. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. From June 2018 to August 2019, 440 trans women were recruited using the Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) technique. All participants were interviewed through a structured questionnaire with questions about sociodemographic characteristics and sexual risk behavioral factors. The samples were submitted to viral detection of HIV-1/2 or antibodies through three laboratory tests, a rapid test (Abon HIV Tri-Line), and two immunoenzymatic assays (BIOLISA HIV 1/2/O and Bio-Rad Geenius™ HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay). Samples that were positive in at least two tests were considered positive. Results: The serological analysis for HIV-1/2 was positive in 143 (30.0%) of the samples. According to the univariate analysis, being over 30 years old, having a previous history of STIs, and a previous history of incarceration were statistically associated with positivity for HIV. In the multivariate analysis these factors remained associated. Conclusion: The results show a high seroprevalence of HIV-1/2 among transgender women in the state of Goiás. This denotes the need to generate information to support the adoption of public policies for prevention, health promotion, and assistance aimed at the trans population.
Laboratório de biologia molecular, microbiologia e sorologia – UFSC
Authors: Schörner Marcos André , Barazzetti Fernando Hartmann , Martins Jéssica Motta , Martinez Rafael Emmanuel Godoy , Machado Hanalydia de Melo , Aragón Mayra Gonçalves , Gaspar Pâmela Cristina , Zonta Ronaldo , Miranda Angélica , Bazzo Maria Luiza
Published: May 2024

Introdução: Diariamente, mais de 1 milhão de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs) são adquiridas no mundo. Em 2020, foi estimado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) um total de 156,3 milhões, 128,5 milhões e 82,4 milhões de novos casos de Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) e Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), respectivamente. Para Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), a prevalência estimada é de 0,5 a 10% na população geral. Objetivo: Rastrear TV, CT, NG e MG em participantes assintomáticos atendidos em centros públicos de saúde de Florianópolis. Métodos: Quatro policlínicas foram selecionadas para a coleta de amostras uretral, anal e de orofaringe de homens cis e mulheres trans/travestis, assintomáticos e em uso de profilaxia pré-exposição (PrEP). As amostras foram processadas utilizando os kits Aptima Combo 2, Trichomonas vaginalis e Mycoplasma genitalium (HOLOGIC) no sistema Panther. Resultados: Foram realizadas 496 coletas de 187 voluntários de fevereiro a março de 2023, sendo 146 amostras de uretra, 186 de orofaringe e 164 amostras anais. Do total de amostras, 15,9% (79/496) foram detectadas para pelo menos um patógeno. O patógeno mais frequentemente encontrado foi CT (6,25%, 31/496), seguido de NG (5,65%, 28/496), MG (5,44%, 27/496) e TV (1,61%, 8/496). Por sítio anatômico, CT foi mais predominante nas amostras anais (11,59%), NG foi mais encontrada em amostras de orofaringe (6,45%), enquanto NG e CT foram predominantes nas amostras uretrais (4,11%). Em 21,5% das amostras detectadas (17/79) foram observadas coinfecções, sendo a mais prevalente CT/NG (9/17), seguido de NG/MG (4/17), CT/MG (2/17), CT/TV (1/17) e CT/NG/MG (1/17). Conclusão: Sítios anatômicos extragenitais são importantes reservatórios e desempenham um papel crítico na transmissão de ISTs, uma vez que grande parte das infecções é assintomática nesses sítios. Testes regulares e tratamento oportuno podem ajudar a prevenir a transmissão dessas infecções.
Impact of a Pilot Project for Integrated Care on Hospitalization Rate among Older Adults in South Korea
Authors: Choi Jae Woo , Bang Hyo Jung , Yoo Ae Jung , Lee Hyun Ji
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Since 2019, the Korean government has implemented a pilot project for integrated care to encourage healthy aging of older adults. This study investigated the changes in hospitalization rates among older adults who participated in the integrated care pilot project.
Methods: Administrative survey data collected from 13 local governments and the National Health Insurance Database were used in present study. The participants comprised 17,801 older adults who participated in the pilot project between August 01, 2019 and April 30, 2022 and 68,145 matched controls. A propensity score matching method was employed to select the control group, and this study employed difference-in-differences (DID) approach to examine variations in the hospitalization rate.
Results: The DID analysis revealed that the odds ratio for rates of hospitalization among older adults who participated in the pilot project was 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84, 0.91) in comparison to control group. In specifically, as compared to the control group, the odds ratio for hospitalization rates among the pilot project’s discharged patients was 0.17 (95% CI 0.15, 0.20). Although not statistically significant, the odds ratio of older adults who utilized LTCI services was 0.93 (95% CI 0.83, 1.05), and the odds ratio of older adults who applied for LTCI but were rejected or were intensive social care was 1.09 (95% CI 0.95, 1.26) compared to the comparison group.
Discussion: The findings imply that the discharged patient group had greater medical demands than the other types, and it can be claimed that this is the group that may anticipate greater efficacy while using health services. In addition, the integrated care services provided by the pilot project have the effect of reducing unnecessary hospitalization such as social hospitalization.
Conclusion: Participants in the integrated care pilot project showed a lower hospitalization rate than the older adults who did not participate in the project but had similar characteristics. In particular, the admission rate of discharged patients showed a sharp decline.
Rezension von: Schimmelpfennig, Bernhard, Bamberg im Mittelalter
Authors: Ulshöfer Kuno , Schimmelpfennig Bernhard
Published: May 2024

Bernhard Schimmelpfennig: Bamberg im Mittelalter. Siedelgebiete und Bevölkerung bis 1370. Hamburg: Matthiesen-Verlag 1964 (= Historische Studien Heft 391). 310 S., 2 Karten.
Revisiting the estimation of the cost of equity of euro area banks
Authors: Fernández Lafuerza Luis , Melnychuk Mariya
Published: May 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es estimar el coste de capital de una amplia muestra de
entidades de crédito del área del euro. Con este fin, los autores consideran varias
metodologías de estimación bajo dos enfoques principales: i) modelos de series
temporales multifactoriales de rendimientos bursátiles, y ii) modelos de descuento de
dividendos. Se observa que, a escala nacional, las estimaciones de los distintos modelos
muestran una variación temporal similar, pero las diferencias en niveles pueden ser
considerables. La relación entre las distintas estimaciones de coste de capital y los
observables bancarios es relativamente débil. Las estimaciones de los modelos de
descuento de dividendos muestran una relación algo más sólida con los fundamentos
bancarios, mientras que las de los modelos de factores lo hacen más claramente solo
para las entidades de mayor tamaño. Una medida combinada, construida como un
promedio simple entre modelos, también muestra una asociación moderada con los
fundamentos. En general, los resultados destacan las incertidumbres inherentes a la
estimación del coste del capital y la importancia de considerar diferentes modelos
alternativos.