bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Travelling as inspiration in literature and teaching: Methodic approach to travel-related texts by Vida Ognjenović and Isidora Sekulić at middle-school level
Authors: Božić Snežana
Published: October 2021

This paper is instigated by the initial theoretical interpretation of literary work by Isidora Sekulić and Vida Ognjenović and it establishes and describes their methodic interpretation within the concept of project schoolwork, thematically framed by the issues of journey, travelling and travelogue. The literary project is based on teaching the texts included in the official curriculum ("Journey to the travelogue" by V. Ognjenović, "Storms" by I. Sekulić) and expanded by introduction of literary works close in topic and genre but not included in the official curriculum ("Letters from Norway" by I. Sekulić, "Travelling is an existential problem", "Light on water" by V. Marković). The goal of the presented concept is to overcome the recorded weak spots of curricular representation of Isidora Sekulić's work and the overall genre of travelogue in middle-school grade levels through methodical intervention, as well as to motivate the students to read and understand this type of text, as part of character education that would create open mind toward the experiences of travelling and coming into contact with the other.
Active teaching methods as a resource for effective training and education of primary school students
Authors: Patturina Natal'ja
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the main resources for the effective education of primary schoolchildren that contribute to successful adaptation to school, the development of the personality of a primary schoolchild - such as: active teaching methods, positive personal characteristics of the teacher, positive personality characteristics of the student, cognitive activity, favorable psychological climate in the classroom; it is proved that active teaching methods actualize such resources as cognitive activity of primary school children, favorable psychological climate in the classroom, positive personality characteristics of a teacher and a student; it is described the main groups of active teaching methods; some active teaching methods developed by the best teachers of elementary schools in Russia are given as an example.
Countering bullying in primary school
Authors: Rudaja Viktorija
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to a problem of school bulling in the modern education system. The theoretical analysis results of the school bullying phenomenon, its causes, origin conditions, structure and display characteristics are presented in the article. Theoretically substantiated the need for preventive measures to prevent school violence. The practical recommendations submitted on minimization of the school bulling are offered in the article.
Speach in the function of developing ability to sing
Authors: Jeremić Biljana , Milošević Jovana
Published: October 2021

The basic concept of this work is the hypothesis that all of the children have natural ability to speak, sing and listen. Learning by music is a holistic approach to the child. Upbringing through music and literature may be one of the basic concepts of contemporary pedagogy. Rapid technological changes caused the children to grow up without any aesthetic evaluation and with the consumption of fast instant culture without art. By adopting the first words, the child adopts the symbols of his own culture. It can also learn to sing as he learns to speak. If the approach for learning how to sing were the same as for learning how to speak, music would surely be an integral part of the culture of each individual. A child reciting literary verses creates a world in which he gets to be someone else, while singing he expresses his feelings. In this imagination of sensory and visual performances lies the possibility of learning music. The main thesis of this paper is in pointing out the similarity and the connection between language and music, the purpose of the work is to point out and refer to the teaching of music in the context of language learning.
Formation of independent thinking in primary school children with mental retardation
Authors: Stepanova Natalija
Published: October 2021

The article reveals theoretical approaches to the study of the independence of thinking in primary school students. The features of the development of indicators of the independence of thinking in schoolchildren with a diagnosis of "mental retardation" are analyzed. The results of an empirical study are presented, in which schoolchildren of 10-11 years old with a diagnosis of "mental retardation of cerebral-organic genesis" participated. They showed that the independence of thinking in younger schoolchildren with mental retardation is not formed and has a characteristic feature in the form of a lack of clear receptions of mental activity, poor awareness of the goal and methods of completing tasks, which is due to the underdevelopment of the process of self-regulation. The application of the correctional development program is substantiated, its effectiveness is proved.
La semiosis textual y el modelo peirceano
Authors: Vlad Carmen
Published: October 2021

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Albacete (1924-1936)
Authors: Ochando Madrigal Emilia
Published: October 2021

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Pontevedra (1866-1899)
Authors: Ruibal Cutes Tomás
Published: October 2021

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Alicante(1900-1910)
Authors: Reus Boyd-Swan Francisco
Published: October 2021

Las Compañías que actuaron en los diversos teatros alicantinos durante los diez primeros años del siglo XX fueron en total sesenta, de las cuales treinta pertenecen a un tipo de teatro declamado, veintisiete interpretaban teatro lírico y tres se dedicaban a la ópera.
O legado da linguagem visual do Vaporwave
Authors: Luz Gustavo Stephan Rocchetti , Donati Luisa Angélica Paraguai
Published: October 2021

O artigo disserta sobre a visualidade do movimento Vaporwave, fundamentando em Hall (1997) o sistema da linguagem – seus códigos e as construções de sentidos, conformadas pelos signos. Neste sentido, analisa-se a capa do álbum “Floral Shoppe” (2011), identificando os elementos visuais e o contexto de suas mensagens políticas, posteriormente discutidos diante da apropriação por grandes corporações, ainda que se apresentem ideologicamente contrárias.
Solidity and Professionalization of Translation: Turkey as a Case in Point
Authors: Yılmaz-Gümüş Volga
Published: October 2021

This study sets out to describe the state of the translation (not interpreting) profession in Turkey, approached by means of indicators based on professionalization (university-based translator training, legal instruments introduced to regulate the market, and professional associations) and solidity of the profession (proportion of men vs. women, translation graduates working as translators, freelance vs. in-house translators, and commitment to the profession). The indicators are investigated by analyzing documents (such as Regulation on the Public Notary, the National Occupational Standards for translators and interpreters, and the Prime Ministry’s report on the translation profession in Turkey), as well as survey and interview data gathered from the graduates of university translation programs, representing freelancers, in-house translators, and language teachers. The increasing number of university-based translation programs, legal instruments and translator associations suggests that continuous attempts have been made to enhance the degree of professionalization in translation. On the other hand, quantitative analyses of a survey administered to translation graduates indicate that the proportion of female translators is overwhelmingly high, that graduates tend to work as freelance translators, but freelancing is mostly not their main role, and that the graduates mostly have a positive perception of training, but do not feel prepared to enter the market after graduation. The findings of document and empirical analyses show that all traits of an established profession are still not present in translation while significant steps have been taken on the way to solidity and professionalization.
Distribución de las Funciones Retóricas de las Citas en los Apartados del Trabajo Fin de Máster Escrito en Español y en Inglés
Authors: Sánchez-Jiménez David
Published: October 2021

This study correlates with a research study published in the journal Pragmalingüística, in which the contrastive use of the rhetorical functions of citations in master’s theses in Spanish and English was studied. The main objective pursued by this new research is to determine which rhetorical functions are used most frequently in the different parts of a master’s thesis and what these can accomplish in each part of the text. Following Petrić (2007), a computerized textual analysis of the rhetorical function of citation was used to study this phenomenon in a corpus of sixteen (16) theses of which eight (8) were written by American and eight (8) by Spanish postgraduates in their native language. With regards to cultural conventions, the results showed that when compared to native Spanish writers, the Americans students use the highest number of citations and write a relatively longer Introduction and Conclusion parts. The sets of functions are consonant with the rhetorical purpose of each part, which thus shows a close link between the citation and the structural organization of the academic text, despite the frequent use of Attribution (AT) in most parts of the thesis.
Illustration de l’articulation croyances-pratiques chez deux enseignantes débutantes de sciences naturelles
Authors: Therriault Geneviève , Vivegnis Isabelle , Morin Émilie , Charland Patrick , Araújo-Oliveira Anderson
Published: October 2021

Cet article présente les assises d’une recherche autour de laquelle d’autres contributions de ce numéro se structurent. Il découle d’une étude plus vaste visant à soutenir le développement professionnel des enseignants débutants au regard de leur épistémologie personnelle. La piste de l’articulation entre les croyances et les pratiques dans la formation continue y est explorée, une avenue encore peu empruntée par la recherche, particulièrement au Québec, où les travaux ont plus souvent porté sur les enseignants en formation initiale. Les études antérieures repérées mettent en évidence des incohérences importantes entre les croyances (épistémologiques et pédagogiques) exprimées et les pratiques enseignantes effectives, concepts pivots de notre démarche. Ces éléments seront explicités et illustrés dans cet article à l’aide des portraits de deux enseignantes de sciences naturelles (SN) au secondaire offrant un regard particulier sur les tensions présentes dans les articulations croyances-pratiques. Ces deux portraits sont élaborés à partir de données qualitatives tirées d’entretiens d’explicitation, d’où ressortent des ressemblances et dissemblances au regard de la question étudiée. Des pistes pour l’accompagnement d’enseignants débutants dans la résolution de ces tensions sont proposées en conclusion.
L’articulation des croyances et des pratiques dans l’enseignement des sciences humaines et sociales au secondaire : quelles pistes pour l’accompagnement des enseignants débutants ?
Authors: Boucher Sébastien , Araújo-Oliveira Anderson , Therriault Geneviève
Published: October 2021

L’étude présente des résultats partiels issus d’un projet plus vaste visant à soutenir le développement professionnel des enseignantsdébutants au regard de leur épistémologie personnelle. Sur la base d’une analyse thématique de données provenant d’entretiens d’explicitation, l’article se centre sur la question de l’articulation entre les croyances (épistémologiques et pédagogiques) et les pratiques déclarées de dix enseignants débutants de sciences humaines et sociales (SHS) au secondaire. Les résultats mettent en évidence le haut degré de raffinement des croyances épistémologiques des participants et la tendance constructiviste de leurs conceptions de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage. Les analyses effectuées témoignent toutefois de certaines incohérences entre les croyances et les pratiques de ces enseignants, desquelles se dégage une part non négligeable d’approches pédagogiques plutôt transmissives. Ces résultats conduisent enfin à la formulation de pistes pour l’accompagnement des enseignants débutants de SHS en formation continue autour de ces enjeux.
Des pratiques qui diffèrent de leurs croyances ? Analyse quantitative des croyances épistémologiques, des conceptions pédagogiques et des pratiques d’enseignants belges du secondaire
Authors: Baillet Dorothée , Gérard Claire
Published: October 2021

Dans le monde francophone et anglophone, l’articulation entre les croyances épistémologiques, les conceptions de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage et les pratiques pédagogiques déclarées des enseignants en sciences naturelles et en sciences humaines au secondaire a peu été étudiée (Araújo-Oliveira, 2012
 
; Bartos et Lederman, 2014
 
; Wanlin et al., 2019). Pourtant, si les enseignants affichent des croyances majoritairement constructivistes sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage, leurs pratiques d’enseignement réelles demeurent plutôt passives (OCDE, 2019). S’inspirant d’une recherche en cours (Therriault et al., 2018-2023), l’article analyse, d’une part, les caractéristiques des croyances épistémologiques, des conceptions de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage et des pratiques pédagogiques déclarées auprès d’une population composée de 112 enseignants (débutants, intermédiaires et expérimentés) du secondaire en sciences humaines et en sciences naturelles en Belgique francophone. Dans un deuxième temps, nous explorons les articulations entre ces trois construits théoriques soit à partir d’analyses statistiques, soit dans une perspective plus interprétative. L’analyse quantitative des données (ACP, ANOVA à plan factoriel, corrélations Khi-deux) révèle que les croyances épistémologiques des enseignants sont plutôt raffinées, qu’il existe un effet de l’ancienneté professionnelle sur ces croyances et un lien entre des croyances épistémologiques raffinées et des conceptions de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage traditionnelles. Enfin, les pratiques déclarées des enseignants semblent peu sensibles à la discipline enseignée.
Quantification of Tourism Sector Parameters Related to Competitiveness of Countries According to Macroeconomic Indicators
Authors: Gavurova Beata , Privara Andrej , Janikova Jana , Kovac Viliam
Published: October 2021

The paper investigates the relations of the macroeconomic indicators related to the competitiveness of the tourism sector among the explored countries. The tourism sector plays an important role with the purpose of contributing to the economy of each country and, thus, its competitiveness among the other countries. The fundamental aim of the paper is to investigate the relations between the macroeconomic indicators related to tourism and their influence on the economy of the countries. The data set comprises the eight macroeconomic indicators, of which the four ones are related to the gross domestic product, the two ones to employment, the penultimate one to investment, and the last one to expenditure. The observed period covers the years 1995 to 2019. The Euclidean distance is employed to evaluate the similarity of the countries and the cluster analysis to group them successively. There are several patterns visible in the analysis outcome. Firstly, the countries that behave differently for both groups of the indicators with Mexico at the top position. Secondly, the countries with considerable change throughout the observed period where Greece stands at the most extreme position for the gross domestic product indicators and Hungary in the case of the other economic indicators. Thirdly, Chile remains at the evenest position throughout the whole explored period for the first group of the indicators and the United States for the second group of the indicators. Finally, Australia has almost the same development for both groups at the evenest tendency.
Verification of the Geometrical Representation of Buildings in Cadastre Using UAV Photogrammetry
Authors: Karabin Marcin , Bakuła Krzysztof , Łuczyński Robert
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the potential benefits of using UAV-based data to verify the accuracy of the geometry of the outlines of buildings registered in a cadastral database, and to investigate the potential use of data from UAV platforms in measuring the buildings.The authors examined whether the acquisition of data from UAVs can replace field measurements or only support them. The advantages and disadvantages of such data acquisition methods, compared with more well-established measurement methods, were identified.
Hormonal Replacement Therapy in Surgically Induced Menopause: A Prospective Cross Section Study from a Tertiary Care Institution from A Sub-himalayan State
Authors: Kumar Mokta Jatinder , Kumar Mokta Kiran , Tandon Arjun , Pathania Renuka , Sharma Aniketa , Raj Monica , Negi Akshit , Mokta Arnav , Ramesh -
Published: October 2021

Background: Early surgical menopause increases risk of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, fracture, cognitive impairment and sexual dysfunction than women with late menopause. Estrogen therapy (ET) remains the most effective therapy for vasomotor symptoms related to surgically induced menopause. Meterials and Methods: It was a prospective cross-section study. Result: Amongst 255 symptomatic women, 163 (63.92%) women had severe vasomotor symptoms and 54 (33.12% of 163 women) of them had very incapacitating symptoms with marked reduction in their quality of life. 59 (23.13%) women had moderate symptoms with mild disturbances in their sleep while 33 (12.94%) women had only mild symptoms. Conclusion: It is agreed that women who undergo bilateral oophorectomy before the onset of natural menopause should be considered for estrogen therapy for the management of vasomotor symptoms until the average age of natural menopause.
Non-COVID Health Care Workers with Positive Antibody Responses: Are We Heading Towards Herd Immunity?
Authors: Bhandari Sudhir , Vyas Nitya , Kakkar Shivankan , Patel Bhoopendra , Dube Amitabh , Gupta Jitendra , Swarnkar Natwar K. , Kumar Sunil , Patidar Nisha
Published: October 2021

Background: Antibody testing against SARS-CoV-2 complimentary to RT-PCR could be an effective method for its detection. Development of immunity against COVID-19 in context of reinfection and herd immunity still remains debatable and needs further elucidation. The present study was conducted to investigate the immunity status against SARS-CoV-2 in terms of IgG antibody positivity in health care workers at a tertiary care center. Methodology: This single center study was conducted at a tertiary care center, that involved 1039 healthcare workers and other staff members. The testing of all subjects was performed using ELIFAST (SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA) kits. The sample population was then segregated into RT-PCR positive and negative/status unknown groups. Groups were further segregated on the basis of IgG positivity status and the sensitivity and specificity was also calculated. Results: Among the 1039 enrolled subjects, 179 (17.23%) were RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2 positive and remaining were either RT-PCR negative or status unknown cases. Among 179 COVID-19 recovered subjects, 19 (10.61%) were negative for IgG, whereas 160 (89.39%) came out IgG positive. Out of 860 (82.77%) RT-PCR Negative/Status unknown, 248 (28.84%) came out IgG positive and the remaining 612 (71.16%) were negative for IgG. The overall sensitivity and specificity were 89.39 and 71.16, respectively. Conclusion: A combined approach of testing for COVID-19 using RT-PCR and rapid antibody assays could be more beneficial. Serological studies project a higher antibody response in population that compel us to think about plausibility of herd immunity. However, variability in serological response could be affected by several factors and the underlying complex immune process of COVID-19 is yet to be fully understood.
Comparison of different selection traits for identification of phosphorus use efficient lines in mungbean
Authors: Reddy Venkata Ravi Prakash , Dikshit Harsh Kumar , Mishra Gyan Prakash , Aski Muraleedhar , Singh Akanksha , Bansal Ruchi , Pandey Renu , Nair Ramakrishnan Madhavan
Published: October 2021

Phosphorus (P) is one of the major constraints for crop growth and development, owing to low availability and least mobility in many tropical soil conditions. Categorization of existing germplasm under P deficient conditions is a prerequisite for the selection and development of P efficient genotypes in the mungbean. In the present investigation, 36 diverse genotypes were categorized for phosphorus use efficiency traits using four different techniques for identification of phosphorus use efficient mungbean genotypes. The studied genotypes were categorized for P efficiency based on efficiency, responsiveness, and stress tolerance score of genotypes under normal and low P conditions. The mean values of traits, root dry mass, root to shoot ratio, and P utilization efficiency are significantly higher under low P conditions indicating the high responsiveness of traits to P deficiency. The presence of significant interaction between genotypes and P treatment indicates the evaluated genotypes were significantly affected by P treatment for studied traits. The total P uptake showed significant and positive correlations with root dry mass, shoot dry mass, total dry mass,and P concentration under both P regimes. Out of the four techniques used for the categorization of genotypes for P efficiency, three techniques revealed that the genotype PUSA 1333, followed by Pusa Vishal, PUSA 1031, and Pusa Ratna is efficient. The categorization based on stress tolerance score is the finest way to study variation and for the selection of contrasting genotypes for P efficiency. The identified P efficient genotypes would be valuable resources for genetic enhancement of P use efficiency in mungbean breeding.
Improving size selectivity of round pot for Charybdis japonica by configuring escape vents in the Yellow Sea, China
Authors: Yu Mengjie , Zhang Liyou , Liu Changdong , Tang Yanli
Published: October 2021

Sustainable development of the important economic species, Asian paddle crab (Charybdis japonica), has attracted attention in the coastal waters of the Yellow Sea, China. The commonly used round pots are almost nonselective, resulting in severe bycatch of juveniles. In this study, we explored a method to improve the size selectivity for C. japonica by mounting escape vents on the side panels of each pot. The selectivity of pots with escape vent sizes of 70 mm × 20 mm, 70 mm × 25 mm, 70 mm × 30 mm, and 70 mm × 35 mm was tested using a catch comparison method. The estimated minimum landing size (MLS) of carapace height (27 mm), according to the regulated MLS of carapace length (50 mm), was used as a reference point to explain the results. Significant increases in the size of crabs caught by pots were found with the enlargement of escape vent size (Kruskal–Wallis test, P < 0.01). The pots with 70 mm × 20 mm, 70 mm × 25 mm and 70 mm × 30 mm escape vents released nearly 50%, 75% and 95% of undersized individuals, respectively, and these three types of pots retained approximately 90% of legal-sized individuals compared with the control pots without escape vents. The pots with 70 mm × 35 mm escape vents released nearly all undersized individuals, but they also released most legal-sized individuals. Pots with an escape vent size of 70 mm × 30 mm were recommended for the sustainable development of C. japonica in the Yellow Sea of China. The results of this study reiterate the importance of carapace height for determining the size selectivity, which can serve as a reference to formulate management regulations in the coastal waters of the Yellow Sea, China.
Avaliação do custo da cesta básica de alimentos em Oiapoque-AP
Authors: De Almeida Aristótheles Pantoja , Filocreão Antônio Sérgio Monteiro
Published: October 2021

Este artigo resulta de pesquisa em que se propôs avaliar os preços da cesta básica de alimentos de Oiapoque, no Estado do Amapá. Em termos metodológicos, tratou-se de um levantamento contínuo, baseado no acompanhamento da temporalidade dos fatos, mês a mês, no período de maio/2018 a abril/2019. O propósito era verificar o comportamento de tais preços em dois períodos sazonais: no predominante chuvoso e no “seco”. O problema emerge devido às reclamações quanto aos preços dos produtos alimentícios comercializados neste município. Os resultados apresentam o valor da cesta e sua participação percentual no salário-mínimo, revelando-se esta como a de maior valor quando se comparam as capitais da Região Norte que possuem dados da cesta básica. Identificaram-se, ainda, a dificuldade no tráfego da BR-156 (devido às péssimas condições nos 110 quilômetros entre Calçoene e Oiapoque) e a baixa produção territorial como determinantes no preço da cesta básica de alimentos em Oiapoque.
Callus Culture as an Alternative Source of Secondary Metabolites in Curtailing Malaria Epidemic
Authors: Thakuma Tizhe Daniel , Ishaku Gali Adamu , Yohanna Afiniki , Dentsen Fortune Dashe , Salihu Jibrin Aisha
Published: October 2021

Malaria remains a threat to public healthcare system. In 2018, more than 200 million people were exposed to this disease globally. There have been reports of drug-resistance in the recommended therapy in some endemic regions. This called for relentless efforts in the search for potential antimalarial compounds.

An in vitro culture technique has emerged as a promising option for sustainable and industrial propagation of plant bioactive compounds with wide range of medicinal properties. The demand for these invaluable metabolites is witnessing a continuous increase as a folk medicine, hence, endangering their existence in natural habitats. Besides its use in natural form, the nature’s gift to humans seems to be restricted and limited by environmental conditions. An in vitro culture approach remains the most viable and sustainable alternative for the endangered plant species. Here, we present some plant species reported to have potential antimalarial activities and recommend further study through callus culture induction against malaria.
Fertility Desires and Family Size Preferences of HIV Positive Women Accessing Care in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital
Authors: Babema-Igonikon Awuri , Charles Akaninwor Manuchimso
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Women living with HIV may or may not intend to bear children. They may also have different preferences in terms of family sizes. The desire of HIV positive women to bear children and their family size preferences has significant implication for horizontal and vertical transmission of this incurable disease. This study, therefore, aims to determine fertility preferences and their predictors among HIV positive women accessing care at UPTH, Port Harcourt, Rivers State.

Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 402 women within the reproductive age (15-49 years) who were on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Participants were recruited using systematic sampling method and were interviewed with an interviewer-administered questionnaire. A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain participant’s socio-demographic characteristics, desire for children, use, demand and choice of contraception and reproductive characteristics. With SPSS version 20, data was summarised as descriptive statistics and Chi-square test was used to test for association.

Results: The study showed that 81.8% of respondents desire to have children out of which 96 (29.3%) desired one to two children, 169 (51.5%) desired three to four children, and 18 (5.5%) wanted five or more children. Factors such as age, marital status, and disclosure of Sero-status to partner were found to be associated with family size preferences (p<0.05).

Conclusion: HIV positive women in Port Harcourt have high fertility desires and moderate family sizes preferences; thus, indicating the need for more support and involvement of the government and relevant stake holders in ensuring better access to ART services in the country. More resources should be channelled towards provision of effective preventive medications and services, people who live with HIV (PLHIVs) should be continuously and adequately sensitised with the necessary knowledge on how to make healthy reproductive decisions, as well as on available practicable reproductive options for HIV-infected women should be made efficient, and easily accessible.
Serologic and Molecular Detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in Layer Flocks in South Marmara Region of Turkey
Authors: Günaydın Elçin , Kardoğan Özlem , Goncagül Gülşen , Çokal Yavuz
Published: October 2021

Background: Due to the economic impacts of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection in poultry, it is essential to have a fast, reliable and accurate diagnostic test to diagnose the infection.

Aims: It was aimed to examine the presence of MG in the South Marmara Region of Turkey where extensive commercial layer flocks exist by RPA, ELISA and real-time PCR.

Materials and Methods: In the study, 981 sera and 160 tracheal swab samples (20 swabs per each flock) obtained from eight layer flocks were examined for the presence of MG-antibody by RPA, ELISA, and the presence of MG by real-time PCR, respectively.

Results: MG-seropositive flock rate was determined to be 100% by RPA. Twenty-three of the RPA positive sera in each flock LA, LB, LC, LD, LF, LG, and 17 RPA positive sera in flock LE (due to 17 positive RPA sera obtained) were examined for the presence of MG antibody by ELISA, and MG-seropositive flock rate was determined to be 87.5%. As a result of the examination of a total of 32 tracheal swab samples (20 swabs perflock/5 swabs=4 pooled samples, 8 flocksX4 pooled samples= 32 samples) for the presence of MG, real-time PCR positive flock rate was found to be 75%.

Conclusion: To decide the flock whether it is infected or not and the initiate effective preventive measures against MG infection as soon as possible; serology should be applied simultaneously with bacteriology and/or PCR to prevent time loss due to shortcomings of serological tests used as primary screening test such as cross reactions, sensitivity and specificity problems.
Case Report on Acute Transient Psychotic Disorder
Authors: Sawarkar Achita , Shambharkar Rasika , Shambharkar Madhuri , Khandar Jaya , Sakharwade Prerna , Kasturkar Pooja
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Acute and Transient Psychotic disorder (ATPD) is defined by the ICD-10 as hallucinations, delusions, and/or senseless or nonsensical speech having an acute [1]. The distinguishing characteristic of ATPD is its abrupt onset. Second, there are characteristic symptoms present, and third, there is related acute stress [2].

Clinical Findings: Sleep disturbance, aggressiveness, muttering to self, irritability, irrelevant talks and loss of appétit, hearing of voices not heard by others, suspiciousness, increased talkativeness, increased energy and fearfulness.

Mental Status Examination: Conscious, dressed appropriately, well groomed, standing, eye to eye contact initiated, non cooperative, activity normal, and the mood is exhausted, frustrated, the affect is irritable, guarded, and the flow of speech rate is rapid with moderate volume and responsive quality, Thought-flight of thoughts is evident, as are perceptual abnormalities- auditory hallucination, impaired social judgment, and full denial of sickness.

Outcome: After treatment, the patient shows improvement. Irritability has reduced, sleeping pattern is improved, self muttering has stopped, irrelevant talks are less, and aggressiveness is reduced.

Conclusion:  Patient  was  admitted  to  Psychiatric  Ward  with  a  known  case of Bipolar Affective Disorder and after Mental Status Examination he is diagnosed as Acute Transient Psychotic Disorder with complain of Sleep disturbance, aggressiveness, muttering to self, irritability, irrelevant talks. He improved after receiving adequate treatment, and the treatment was continuously ongoing until my last date of care.
A Case Report on Alzheimers Dementia
Authors: Meshram Dharti , Gawai Jaya , Kasturkar Pooja
Published: October 2021

Background: Dementia is one of the most difficult medical and economic concerns that our society faces today. There are currently very few treatments available for those suffering with dementia. There are no medications available that can stop or reverse brain tissue deterioration. This is primarily due to a lack of understanding of how dementia develops.

Aim: To improve the individual with dementias quality of life, followed by caregiver support. To minimize burden of this disease on caregivers.

Presentation of Case: The authors present case of a 65-year-old female got admitted                              in female psychiatric ward AVBR Hospital Sawangi Meghe Wardha Maharashtra with chief complaint of forgetfulness, interest in environment decline, unable to communicate, poor performance at work, muttering to self, sleep disturbance, seeing people which are not seen              other, fearfulness. all necessary investigation done, in mental status examination founded impairment in memory, disorientation cognitive function impairment, RBC count 3.82, WBC count 5300, Hb% 12, calcium 8.1, urea 26, creatinine 0.6, sodium 142, potassium 4.0. Alkaline phosphate 89. HIV, HBSAG non-reactive, Positron emission tomography finding that atrophy in the left temporal lobe or posterior region of the partial lobes. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a widely used imaging technique in many clinical applications including tumor detection and neurological disorder diagnosis. In particular, amyloid PET plays a significant role in dementia diagnosis.  

Results: The patient was received symptomatic treatment antidepressant, antianxiety, antipsychotic drug alleviates hallucinations and delusion. severity of Symptoms was minimized.  

Discussion: patient received treatment such antipsychotic drug according to symptom, not only antipsychotic drug is important but also other therapy are important to minimized symptoms such reorientation training, daily routine, occupation therapy, Nutrition and Body Weight, Mood changes are best controlled by keeping a calm environment with fixed daily routine. It is advisable to have some identification bracelet or card always in their possession. The doors of the house should be securely locked so that the patients cannot leave unnoticed.

Conclusion: Patient received symptomatically treatment benzodiazepine antidepressant, antipsychotic to alleviate hallucinations and delusions, anticonvulsant to control seizures. Donepezil, galantamine, Memantine. Patient condition improved through reorientation training, therapy other and severity of symptoms was minimized.
Clinical and Prognostic Value of Vascular Wall Elasticity in Pregnant Women with Arterial Hypertension: A Review
Authors: Borovkova Natalia Yurievna , Kolobova Svetlana Olegovna , Borovkova Lyudmila Vasilievna
Published: October 2021

In recent years, the attention of many researchers around the world has been focused on studying the risks associated with the development of the pathological course of pregnancy in women with arterial hypertension (AH). The pathogenesis of gestational complications is complex and is largely associated with endothelial dysfunction, changes in the structure and properties of the vascular wall and a decrease in its elasticity. At the same time, at the present stage, a high prognostic value of the assessment of vascular elasticity in the development of cardiovascular disasters in patients with hypertension in the general population has been proved. In order to predict the risk of gestational complications early, it is promising to study the state of elasticity of the vascular wall, which will optimize the management of pregnancy and improve perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with hypertension. The literature search was carried out by  keywords using the Scopus, Web of Science, Cyber Leninka, RSCI (Russian Science Citation Index) systems.
An Insight into 4-Thiazolidinones
Authors: Sahu Smriti , Upadhyay Prabhat Kumar , Mishra Pradeep
Published: October 2021

Aims: This assessment is all about to get imminent into 4-thiazolidinones and comprehensively reviewing this molecule. 4-Thiazolidinones are known for their wide-ranging biological activities. 4 - Thiazolidinones contains thiazolidine ring having carbonyl group in the 4-position. The chemistry of thiazolidinones has drawn scientiﬁc interest through the years because this particular ring system is the core structure in a variety of synthetic compounds with a broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, insecticidal, anti-epileptic, anti-mycobacterial, anti- inflammatory, anti-parasitic, hypnotic and anti-cancer. Structural modiﬁcations on the 4-thiazolidinone moiety, either by replacing the aryl group with the heteroaryl scaffold or by incorporating different groups and moieties (A&B) on –CH– group of nucleus paving a new pathway for the future research. It necessitates to widely reviewing the structure, chemistry and pharmacological aspects of 4-thiazolidinones.
Design Rules for Chemostrictive Materials as Selective Molecular Barriers
Authors: Lundberg Daniel James , Brooks Allan M. , Strano Michael S.
Published: October 2021

As materials become more advanced, there are opportunities to incorporate multiple engineering functions into them, including chemical sensing coupled to actuation for the control of permeability. Recent interest in chemically responsive materials motivates the question of how to design and optimize such systems to address a specific molecular target. This work formulates an engineering analysis of “chemostrictive materials” that respond to a chemical stimulus by reducing their permeability through constriction of their void volume. The extent to which the material can constrict to reduce chemical diffusivity and the sensitivity of the material to constrict in the presence of a target chemical are explored as parameters which affect the barrier properties of the materials. Further examined are materials that are augmented to also degrade the chemical target by an assumed first‐order decomposition reaction in addition. As a case study, the minimum material specifications for chemostrictive personal protective equipment (PPE) designed to reduce exposure to a variety of chemical hazards are presented. Chemostrictive materials possess potential as ideal components for advanced PPE that is highly permeable under safe conditions to allow for comfort and temperature regulation but constricts in the presence of contaminants to protect the wearer.
Organic Electrochemical Transistors for In Vivo Bioelectronics
Authors: Nawaz Ali , Liu Qian , Leong Wei Lin , Fairfull‐Smith Kathryn E. , Sonar Prashant
Published: October 2021

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are presently a focus of intense research and hold great potential in expanding the horizons of the bioelectronics industry. The notable characteristics of OECTs, including their electrolyte‐gating, which offers intimate interfacing with biological environments, and aqueous stability, make them particularly suitable to be operated within a living organism (in vivo). Unlike the existing in vivo bioelectronic devices, mostly based on rigid metal electrodes, OECTs form a soft mechanical contact with the biological milieu and ensure a high signal‐to‐noise ratio because of their powerful amplification capability. Such features make OECTs particularly desirable for a wide range of in vivo applications, including electrophysiological recordings, neuron stimulation, and neurotransmitter detection, and regulation of plant processes in vivo. In this review, a systematic compilation of the in vivo applications is presented that are addressed by the OECT technology. First, the operating mechanisms, and the device design and materials design principles of OECTs are examined, and then multiple examples are provided from the literature while identifying the unique device properties that enable the application progress. Finally, one critically looks at the future of the OECT technology for in vivo bioelectronic applications.
Iodine‐Catalyzed Double [4+2] Oxidative Annulations for the Synthesis of Bipyrazines from Ketones and Diamines by a Domino Strategy
Authors: Ding Yuxin , Zhang Ruiqin , Ma Renchao , Ma Yongmin
Published: October 2021

An iodine‐catalyzed double [4+2] oxidative annulation of ketones and diamines is described. A multi‐pathway coupled domino strategy has been developed for the synthesis of substituted dimeric pyrazines under metal‐free conditions. One C−C and four C−N bonds are formed during this double [4+2] oxidative annulation process from two ketones and two diamines.

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Laboratory and greenhouse evaluation of four iron fertilizer sources
Authors: Goos R. Jay
Published: October 2021

A relatively new iron fertilizer in the United States is FeHBED [Fe‐N,N′‐bis(2‐hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine‐N,N′‐diacetate], a chelate with a stability constant for ferric iron greater than FeEDDHA [Fe‐ethylenediamine‐N,N′‐bis(o‐hydroxyphenylacetate]. This study compared response of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] over two greenhouse cropping periods to FeHBED, FeEDDHA‐1 (∼80% ortho‐ortho isomer), FeEDDHA‐2 (∼50% ortho‐ortho isomer), and FeEDDHSA [Fe‐ethylenediamine‐N,N‐di([2‐hydroxy 5‐sulfophenyl])acetate]. FeHBED and FeEDDHA‐1 gave positive responses to all measured parameters (chlorophyll level, dry matter production, Fe uptake) that were not significantly different (.05 level) from each other for the two cropping periods. The two products were similar in performance. FeEDDHA‐2 and FeEDDHSA generally gave lesser responses than FeHBED or FeEDDHA‐1. The relative effectiveness of the four materials to increase dry matter or Fe uptake was predicted by a simple laboratory test, which measures the proportion of applied Fe remaining soluble after a 1‐wk incubation with soil.
Highly Ordered Inverse Opal Structures Synthesized from Shape‐Controlled Nanocrystal Building Blocks
Authors: Han Jae Hyo , Shneidman Anna V. , Kim Do Yoon , Nicolas Natalie J. , van der Hoeven Jessi E. S. , Aizenberg Michael , Aizenberg Joanna
Published: October 2021

Three‐dimensional ordered porous materials known as inverse opal films (IOFs) were synthesized using nanocrystals with precisely defined morphologies. Comprehensive theoretical and experimental studies of the volume fraction ratio and electrostatic interactions between nanocrystals and polystyrene templating particles enabled the formation of highly ordered crack‐free photonic structures. The synthetic strategy was first demonstrated using titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocrystals of different shapes and then generalized to assemble nanocrystals of other functional materials, such as indium tin oxide and zinc‐doped ferrite. Tunable photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 IOFs, modulated through the choice of the shape of TiO2 nanocrystals in conjunction with selecting desired macroscopic features of the IOF, was further explored. In particular, enhanced activity is observed for crack‐free, highly ordered IOFs whose photonic properties can improve light absorption via the slow light effect. This study opens new opportunities in designing multi‐length‐scale porous nanoarchitectures having enhanced performance in a variety of applications.
Biosynthetic Studies of Phomopsins Unveil Posttranslational Installation of Dehydroamino Acids by UstYa Family Proteins
Authors: Sogahata Kaho , Ozaki Taro , Igarashi Yuya , Naganuma Yuka , Liu Chengwei , Minami Atsushi , Oikawa Hideaki
Published: October 2021

UstYa family proteins (DUF3328) are widely and specifically distributed in fungi. They are known to be involved in the biosynthesis of ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs) and nonribosomal peptides, and possibly catalyze various reactions, including oxidative cyclization and chlorination. In this study, we focused on phomopsin A, a fungal RiPP consisting of unique nonproteinogenic amino acids. Gene knockout experiments demonstrated that three UstYa homologues, phomYc, phomYd, and phomYe, are essential for the desaturation of amino acid moieties, showing unprecedented function among UstYa family proteins. Sequence similarity network analysis indicated that their amino acid sequences are highly diverged and that most remain uncharacterized, paving the way for genome mining of fungal metabolites with unique modifications.
Chiral Self‐Assembled Film from Semiconductor Nanorods with Ultra‐Strong Circularly Polarized Luminescence
Authors: Chen Lijing , Hao Changlong , Cai Jiarong , Chen Chen , Ma Wei , Xu Chuanlai , Xu Liguang , Kuang Hua
Published: October 2021

Chiroptical nanomaterials have generated significant levels of interest for generating strong circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals. We used the Langmuir–Schaeffer technique to generate the continuous and compact assembly of CdSe/CdS chiral film. We assembled achiral CdSe/CdS nanorods by controlling the number of layers and angles between different layers. This allowed us to tailor chiroptical properties to achieve high CPL signals. The chiral film was symmetrical and had the highest circular dichroism (CD) response and CPL signals with ten layers (RH (right‐handed)‐/LH (left‐handed)‐5 + 5 layers) and a 45° inter‐angle. Specifically, RH‐5+5 of the chiral film exhibited 1431 mdeg of CD activity and strong CPL signals with a dissymmetry factor (glum) of 0.0997. The helical stacked crystal plates with linear birefringence resulted in strong circular birefringence, as determined by the Reusch model. Electromagnetic simulations indicated that such remarkable optical activity was attributed to the birefringence and dichroism of the well‐aligned CdSe/CdS nanorod layers in the chiral films. Under right/left circular polarized (RCP/LCP) light excitation, the well aligned semiconductor nanorods exhibited differences in the coupling efficiencies to RCP and LCP light. Our CdSe/CdS chiral films, which exhibit ultra‐strong CPL activity, will provide a novel strategy for the fabrication of chiroptical devices.
Electrocatalytic Methane Functionalization with d0 Early Transition Metals Under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Deng Jiao , Lin Sheng‐Chih , Fuller Jack T. , Zandkarimi Borna , Chen Hao Ming , Alexandrova Anastassia N. , Liu Chong
Published: October 2021

The undesirable loss of methane (CH4) at remote locations welcomes approaches that ambiently functionalize CH4 on‐site without intense infrastructure investment. Recently, we found that electrochemical oxidation of vanadium(V)‐oxo with bisulfate ligand leads to CH4 activation at ambient conditions. The key question is whether such an observation is a one‐off coincidence or a general strategy for electrocatalyst design. Here, a general scheme of electrocatalytic CH4 activation with d0 early transition metals is established. The pre‐catalysts’ molecular structure, electrocatalytic kinetics, and mechanism were detailed for titanium (IV), vanadium (V), and chromium (VI) species as model systems. After a turnover‐limiting one‐electron electrochemical oxidation, the yielded ligand‐centered cation radicals activate CH4 with low activation energy and high selectivity. The reactivities are universal among early transition metals from Period 4 to 6, and the reactivities trend for different early transition metals correlate with their d orbital energies across periodic table. Our results offer new chemical insights towards developing advanced ambient electrocatalysts of natural gas.