bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF THE NATURE OF TRANSITION METAL ON ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF THE SURFACE AND ACTIVITY OF CATALYSTS BASED ON NATURAL CLINOPTILOLITE IN THE REACTION OF BIOGAS CONVERSION TO SYNTHESIS GAS
Authors:   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan, Jafarova S.T.
Published: June 2021

Catalysts based on natural clinoptilolite modified by transition metals (Ni, Co, Cr, Mo, Fe) were studied in the reaction of biogas conversion to synthesis gas. A particular attention is paid to exposing of relationship between acid-base properties surface – activity. This was achieved by studying the effect of the introduced transition metal nature on the acid-base spectrum and comparing the data obtained with sample activity. The highest activity and selectivity of the nickel sample has been established, that makes it possible to achieve complete methane conversion at 7000C to obtain synthesis gas with the ratio H2/CO = 1. It has been shown that the increased catalytic activity of the nickel sample is provided by an optimal combination of acid-base properties of the surface. It was found that the nickel sample is characterized by the presence of weak acid (electron-acceptor) centers with ionizing force of 9.69±0.01 eV, medium-acid (proton-donor) centers with ionizing force of 10.59±0.01 eV, and weak basic centers capable of ionizing a particle with dissociation constant of 9.89±0.01 that distinguish it from other samples
Полевые исследования: сравнительный анализ традиционных, органических и устойчивых методов производства томатов
Authors: Mazzei João Roberto Fortes , Freire Estevão , Serra Eduardo Gonçalves , Macedo José Ronaldo de , Oliveira Angélica Castanheira de , Bastos Lucia Helena Pinto , Cardoso Maria Helena Wohlers Morelli
Published: June 2021

Сельское хозяйство представляет собой одну из основных опор бразильской экономики, важность которой связана с продовольственной безопасностью и созданием рабочих мест. Однако необходимо критически осмыслить устойчивость посадки. Среди различных культур помидоры выделялись как один из самых выращиваемых и потребляемых фруктов в мире. В этой статье дается сравнительная оценка трех типов посадки томатов: обычного, органического и устойчивого (TOMATEC®), от подготовки почвы до коммерциализации на рынке. Работа проводилась на севере штата Рио-де-Жанейро совместно с группами, производящими фрукты на этих трех типах посадок. Методология была основана на неструктурированном вопроснике с бесплатными ответами, который применялся к фермерам в регионе. Мы считаем, что это исследование будет способствовать ориентации общества благодаря данным, полученным в результате серьезных критериев обработки информации. Основные результаты показали, что благодаря устойчивой системе посадки EMBRAPA (инновация), можно использовать пестициды с учетом экологических требований и производить фрукты без остатков. Заболевания в традиционной системе контролируются применением фунгицидов и бактерицидов. В экологически чистых посевах используется смесь домашнего моющего средства с соевым маслом, бордоской смесью, коровьим молоком, контактными фунгицидами и системными фунгицидами, а в системе органического производства обычно не позволяют болезни оседать на растении посредством профилактического контроля. подготовки и защиты почвы. При борьбе с вредителями обычная система применяет инсектициды, состоящие из различных активных компонентов. В органической системе предпочтение отдается борьбе с насекомыми за счет уравновешивания почвы, благодаря чему растения приобретают большую устойчивость к болезням и вредителям. В устойчивой системе нет профилактического лечения, а есть лечебное. Рыночные цены на фрукты для обычных посадок колеблются и зависят от предложения, в то время как на помидоры, выращенные в органических и устойчивых системах, не колеблются. Органическое производство не имеет установленной мощности для удовлетворения рыночных требований. Благодаря этому устойчивая система завоевала место на рынке и расширилась на юго-восток и юг страны.
DIRECTIONS OF SOCIAL PARTNERSHIP: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Майстренко Ольга
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to topical issues of determining the directions of social partnership. The peculiarities of foreign and Ukrainian experience of social responsibility of business on the example of such a form of external social responsibility as sponsorship and charity are revealed. The internal and external components of social partnership are analyzed, which are divided into groups from the point of view of the practical component. The role of business in society, which raises arguments for and against social responsibility, is systematized. The world experience and models of social responsibility of social partnership, which corresponds to the Ukrainian realities, are studied, with the help of which the formation of social responsibility in Ukraine and the factors influencing the structure of the economy are outlined. Consider examples of policy development strategies and tools for state regulation of corporate social responsibility in countries.
ІСТОРІЯ РОЗВИТКУ ТУРИЗМУ І ЙОГО ВПЛИВ НА ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЙНІ ПРОЦЕСИ
Authors: Савченко Ольга
Published: June 2021

Проведено дослідження історії розвитку туризму і його впливу на глобалізаційні процеси. Визначено, що після кризи Першої світової війни літній відпочинок пропонував простий, здоровий і економічний відпочинок, який з 1920-х років був доступний для службовців і робітників з низькими доходами. Встановлено, що останній етап охоплює розвиток туризму в післявоєнний період до теперішнього часу. Проаналізовано, що сучасний стан розвитку туризму характеризується тим, що багато країн акцентують увагу на покращені системи внутрішнього туризму. Внутрішній туризм сприяє стабільному становищу національної економіки Мета дослідження – охарактеризувати основні історичні аспекти розвитку туризму. В рамках кожної країни внутрішній туризм сприяє глибокому усвідомленню спільності інтересів і розвитку видів діяльності, сприятливих для економіки країни в цілому.
ПОНЯТТЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОЇ ПОТУЖНОСТІ ДЕРЖАВИ ПРИ ОЦІНЦІ ВОЄННО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ СКЛАДОВОЇ СЕКТОРУ БЕЗПЕКИ І ОБОРОНИ
Authors: Скляр Надія
Published: June 2021

Стаття присвячена визначенню поняття комплексної потужності держави при оцінці воєнно-економічної складової сектору безпеки і оборони України. Досліджено теоретико-методичні засади визначення комплексної потужності держави та її структурних елементів. Надано компаративний аналіз компонентів потенціалу воєнної економіки. Запропонована архітектура дослідження структурних елементів комплексної потужності держави для можливості подальшого вибору методології дослідження воєнно-економічної складової сектору безпеки та оборони України.
Spatial planning and the development of renewable energy sources in Poland
Authors: Szyba Marta
Published: June 2021

Due to the damage to the environment and climate caused by the generation of electricity in power plants burning fossil fuels, installations generating it from renewable energy sources are constructed. Spatial development plans for communes should consider their location. In Poland, generation of electricity in photovoltaic cells, wind farms and agricultural biogas plants has the greatest development potential. Due to the nuisance to people and the environment, wind turbines and agricultural biogas plants must be located far from residential buildings. Such conditions exist in sparsely populated rural areas. The observed development of single-family housing in rural areas is the result of the search for cheap construction sites and no local spatial development plans in most areas of rural communes. Dispersed housing construction restricts the construction of wind farms and agricultural biogas plants and thus poses a threat to renewable sources of wind and biogas energy produced in agricultural biogas plants. The situation may be changed by the requirement to include in spatial development plans the needs related to the construction of installations generating electricity from renewable energy sources and the construction of micro and small biogas plants directly at the sites where waste is generated.
Preparation of grape pomace powders and analysis of their nutritive compositions
Authors: Lou Wenjuan , Li Bo , Grevtseva Nataliya
Published: June 2021

Grape pomace (GP) is produced in large amounts worldwide, leading to waste of resources and environmental pollution. Using grapes grown in eastern China, the main nutrients and polyphenols in grape seeds (GS), skin (GSK), and GP powders were determined by conventional chemical composition analysis and HPLC-MS/MS. The antioxidative activity of a GP polyphenol extract was identified using DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays and reducing power assay. GSK and GP contained less total dietary fiber than GS. The total polyphenolic content of GS was significantly higher than that of GSK and GP. The hydrogen- and electron-donating activities of the GP polyphenol extract were superior to those of vitamin C.
Formation Of An Integrated Structural Assessment Of The Export Potential Of The Aviation Complex
Authors: Andriushchenko Kateryna , Gurina Ganna , Danilova Elvira , Zalizniuk Viktoriia , Platonov Oleg , Tkachuk Vitalii
Published: June 2021

Successful operation and development of enterprises in modern conditions involves the expansion of markets. The company's entry into international markets requires the formation of its international competitive strategy, identification of competitive advantages in the markets of selected countries, and this, in turn, implies the need for export potential of the company. In determining the export potential of the aviation complex, it is necessary to consider the specific features of enterprises in this industry, among which we can highlight the features of the products of aviation enterprises and the features of the international aviation market. To qualitatively assess the level of economic potential, we propose to use a system of classification features, developed based on the well-known Harrington scale, but slightly modified by the authors in relation to the calculated data and available statistical information. The phases of the life cycle of the economic potential of the enterprise are determined. Not only the quantitative and qualitative level of economic potential are important, but also the changes associated with the passage of time. In order to determine the importance of indicators in each group, methods of component analysis of the characteristics
of variation series of the results of the survey of experts were used. When comparing the variation of different features in one set with different average value, we use the relative indicators of variation - coefficients of variation. The obtained result together with the results of application of the method of component analysis allows us to conclude that in the formation of the integrated indicator of the first group (K1) it is enough to consider these five indicators, and the most important of them are two: technological processes to other activities.
EVALUATION OF ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACTS OF SIDA ACUTA AND CHROMOLAENA ODORATA ON INSECT PESTS OF CELOSIA ARGENTEA L. AND AMARANTHUS CRUENTUS L
Authors: Babatunde Samuel Femi , Musa Abdulrazaq Kannike , Nneji Emmanuel Tochukwu , Gambari L. I.
Published: June 2021

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of leaf extracts of Sida acuta Burm. f. and Chromolaena odorata L. in controlling insect pests of Celosia argentea L. and Amaranthus cruentus L. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and the treatments were replicated three times.  Extracts obtained from the plants at 240 g/L of ethanol were applied as botanical insecticides. These extracts were examined along with a synthetic insecticide (Cypermethrin) including untreated control. Data were collected on number of Cletus spp. and Hymenia recurvalis per plant. Result shows that C. argentea sole treated with S. acuta and C. odorata was not infested by Cletus spp., and significantly (p<0.05) different from A. cruentus and C. argentea intercrop treated with S. acuta and C. odorata at 2 weeks after treatment. C. argentea treated with S. acuta had the least number of H. recurvalis (1.00) which was not significantly (p>0.05) different from Cypermethrin in both sole and intercrop at 4 WAT. A. cruentus and C. argentea planted sole or in intercrop treated with botanical and synthetic insecticides had lower numbers of H. curvalis which were significantly different from untreated control at 8 and 10 WAT. This study showed that S. acuta performed better than C. odorata against the target insect pests and therefore recommended for incorporation into Integrated Pest Management irrespective of whether sole or intercropping was adopted
EVALUATION OF WALNUT SHELL ABRASIVE SANDPAPER
Authors: Borisade Sunday Gbenga , Oyelaran Olatunde Ajani , Abioye James
Published: June 2021

This study is focused on development of an eco-friendly abrasive sandpaper using walnut shell (WS) with the binding effect of epoxy resin on WS, iron oxide and silica, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and pulverized graphite. The method of mixing and mould compression using a hydraulic press matrix composite with five varying composition was used. The compositions were made by varying  the weight of WS, epoxy resin with that of iron oxide and silica, calcium carbonate and pulverized graphite were left constant expressed in percentage weight The abrasive properties investigated were density, compressive strength and wear resistance and water and oil absorption rate. The results reveals obtained that the density, wear resistance rate and compressive strength of the tested composition decreases with increasing WS content despite the fact the rate water absorption increases with increasing WS. The result of obtained reveals that WS can be utilized in the production of abrasive sandpaper
PROCESS FOR CHROMIUM (VI) REMOVAL FROM MECHANIZED TANNERY WASTEWATER USING ACTIVATED CARBON OBTAINED FROM TANNERY SOLID WASTES
Authors: Abdulkadir Yakubu , Bichi K. A. , Garba F. H. , Itopa Y. C. , Jibrin Y. U. , Salim A. , Girei A. I.
Published: June 2021

This study offers an integrated process for treatment and recycling of tannery waste, it has a dual purpose. First the activated carbon has been prepared from leather shaving and buffing dust by physical activation. Both the raw material (leather waste) and the prepared activated carbon were analyzed by DTG, Thermo Gravimetric Analysis TGA, and scanning electron microscope. The adsorption tests of methylene blue and iodine onto the raw material and the prepared adsorbent were carried out and it was found that the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon was enhanced by the physical activation. The Activated Carbon was then characterized by equation of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area was found to be 491.05 and 242.60 m2/g for activated carbons prepared from Leather Savings and Buffing Dust respectively and the functional groups on the adsorbent surface were mainly CN, NH, OH, CO and CS. Secondly, the performance of the prepared activated carbon was assessed by adsorption of chromium (VI) from a synthetic solution, and then the chromium (III) present in the tanning effluent. The results revealed a decrease of chromium by 76% and 73% for the activated carbons prepared from Leather Savings and Buffing Dust, respectively
INFLUENCE OF VARIETY, INTRA-ROW SPACING AND IRRIGATION INTERVAL ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) AT SUDAN SAVANNAH ZONE OF NIGERIA
Authors: Ibrahim A. M. , Sanusi J. , Adesoji A. G.
Published: June 2021

Multi location field trials were conducted during the 2019/2020 dry season at Teaching and Research Farm of Federal University Dutsin-Ma (Badole) 11058`N, 80 26`E and 475m above sea level and Kugado Fadama site (110 33 N, 80 23 E and 481m above Sea level). Treatments consisted of three varieties of groundnut (SAMNUT 24, SAMNUT 25 and SAMNUT 26), 3 intra-row spacing (15, 20 and 25cm), and three irrigation intervals (3, 6 and 9days) replicated three times. The treatments were factorized and laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Results from the study revealed that groundnut variety had significant (P≤0.05) effect on the performance of groundnut at the two locations. SAMNUT 24 significantly (P≤0.05) outperformed SAMNUT 26 and 25 respectively in terms of stand establishment count, plant height, canopy spread, pod number per plant, pod weight per plant, and haulms weight per plant at the two locations. Intra-row spacing of 15cm significantly (P≤0.05) outperformed 20 and 25cm respectively however, 6days irrigation interval on growth and 3days irrigation interval on yield parameters recorded a significant (P≤0.05) effect at Badole while at Kugado 6days for growth and 9days irrigation interval for yield parameters was significant. The study revealed that SAMNUT 24, intra-row spacing of 15cm, 6days irrigation interval on growth and 3 days on yield parameters at Badole and Kugado SAMNUT 24, intra-row spacing of 15cm, 6days irrigation interval on growth and 9days irrigation interval on yield component proved to be most effective
Effect of Microwave Treatment on the Profile of Volatile Compounds and Characteristics of White Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Essential Oil
Authors: Elfahdi Atma
Published: June 2021

Microwave treatment on white pepper was conducted to damage cell tissue to facilitate the distillation and increase the yield of essential oils. The research objective was to determine the effect of pepper varieties and microwave treatment on the profiles of volatile compounds and the characteristics of white pepper essential oils. The research was conducted with 50 grams of white pepper placed into a 15 cm diameter petri dish and put in a microwave oven at the power of 600 watts for 90 seconds then white pepper milled by hammer mill. Essential oils were obtained using the water distillation method then were tested for their characteristics and compounds using Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). White pepper was analyzed using the water content, piperine content, and its cell tissue microstructure was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results showed that different pepper as accession produced different profiles of volatile compounds, characteristics, and antioxidant activity (p<0.05). The number of volatile compounds of white pepper essential oils identified by GC-MS was 42, where the largest compound was β-caryophyllene (50.51%). Microwave treatment damaged the cell wall of white pepper, lowered water content (17.43%), increased piperine content (10.57%) and essential oil yield (25%), and changed the profiles of volatile compounds of essential oils of Lampung daun lebar accession. Color became bluer (b*value rises by 201.99%), increased specific gravity (1.27%) and antioxidant activity (7.4%), decreased solubility in 95% ethanol (17.95%) and acid number (20.8%) while the refractive index was not affected by pepper accessions and microwave treatment.
Determination of Environmental and Economic Benefits of Graphene-Coated PV Modules Through the School Building
Authors: Tuna Kayili Merve , Yetis Caner
Published: June 2021

Graphene coatings, which have many applications in electronics and biomedical, show high performance even when applied at a few nanometers thickness, and have also been applied in solar systems. When graphene is applied to the glass surface of photovoltaic (PV) modules, they result in more energy recovery and lower cleaning service fees due to their features such as high permeability, hydrophobic self-cleaning, and low dust retention. In this study, it was determined how much energy gain and CO2 emission reduction could be achieved as a result of graphene-coating on PV modules compared to standard modules, and if PV modules are applied under Turkish conditions, the investment costs, payback period, and return on investment to the user after the payback period was determined. As a result of the calculations, although the initial investment cost of graphene coating is 0.78 %, more than the standard modules, it is concluded that it offers a lower payback period and high return on investment due to the amount of energy it produces, its ability to self-clean, and low dust retention.
Severity Estimation of Depression Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Jenei Attila Zoltán , Kiss Gábor
Published: June 2021

In the present study, we attempt to estimate the severity of depression using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The method is special because an auto- and cross-correlation structure has been crafted rather than using an actual image for the input of the network. The importance to investigate the possibility of this research is that depression has become one of the leading mental disorders in the world. With its appearance, it can significantly reduce an individual's quality of life even at an early stage, and in severe cases, it may threaten with suicide. It is therefore important that the disorder be recognized as early as possible. Furthermore, it is also important to determine the disorder severity of the individual, so that a treatment order can be established. During the examination, speech acoustic features were obtained from recordings. Among the features, MFCC coefficients and formant frequencies were used based on preliminary studies. From its subsets, correlation structure was created. We applied this quadratic structure to the input of a convolutional network. Two models were crafted: single and double input versions. Altogether, the lowest RMSE value (10.797) was achieved using the two features, which has a moderate strength correlation of 0.61 (between estimated and original).
CLINICAL OUTCOMES COMPARING TWO PROSTHETIC KNEE DESIGNS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH UNILATERAL TRANSFEMORAL AMPUTATION IN TURKEY
Authors: Yazgan Ayse , Kutlutürk Seval , Lechler Knut
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Clinical outcome assessments provide important input for the rehabilitation of individuals with transfemoral amputation. Differences in prosthetic knee designs may influence clinical outcomes.

OBJECTIVE(S): The aim of this study was to compare functional mobility, balance, prosthetic satisfaction and quality of life in individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation with microprocessor-controlled (MPK) and non-microprocessor knee designs (Non-MPK).

METHODOLOGY: The study included ten experienced MPK (Rheo Knee) users (Group 1) and ten experienced Non-MPK (Total Knee® 2000) users (Group 2). For mobility; the 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT), for balance; the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Single Leg Stand Test (SLST) and Four Square Step Test (FSST), for quality of life; the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and for prosthetic satisfaction; the Satisfaction with Prosthesis Questionnaire (SATPRO) were administered.

FINDINGS: 6MWT results of the MPK group were significantly higher than Non-MPK group (p <0.05). In the MPK group a strong negative correlation was found between the FSST and the 6MWT (r= -0.661, p=0.038). No statistically significant differences were found between the groups (p>0.05) comparing balance, prosthesis satisfaction and quality of life values.

CONCLUSION: The findings will inform about the patient’s prognosis and the expected clinical outcomes when prescribing an MPK or an Non-MPK. Individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation covered longer distances using an MPK compared to Non-MPK.

Layman's Abstract

Individuals living with an amputation above the knee are limited in mobility which effects their quality of life. Specific prosthetic knee designs may have a long-term impact on the quality of life. This study showed that prosthetic users can walk further with the Rheo knee as compared to those who are using the Total Knee® 2000. However, both groups seemed to be equally happy with their quality of life, equally satisfied with their prosthesis, and their balance capabilities appeared to be similar.

Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/35297/28053

How To Cite: Yazgan A, Kutlutürk S, Lechler K. Clinical outcomes comparing two prosthetic knee designs in individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation in Turkey. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. 2021;Volume 4, Issue 1, No.8.  https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v4i1.35297

Corresponding Author: Ayse Yazgan,1) Össur Turkey Academy, Istanbul, Turkey; 2) İstanbul Medipol University Orthotics - Prosthetics Master of Science Program, Istanbul, Turkey.E-Mail: ayazgan@ossur.com

ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-503X
Analysis of the Relationships between Academic Motivation, Engagement, Burnout and Academic Achievement with Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: ATİK Servet , ÇELİK Osman Tayyar
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between teacher candidates’ academic motivations, engagements, burnouts and academic achievements with structural equation modelling. The participants of the research consisted of teacher candidates studying in the faculty of education at a state university in Eastern Turkey (n=861). The model, which was set within the research, was confirmed. 5 out of 6 hypotheses were accepted, while 1 of them was rejected. In the consequence of the research, it was determined that academic motivation predicted burnout directly and negatively; academic motivation predicted student engagement directly and positively; burnout predicted student engagement directly and negatively; burnout predicted academic achievement directly and negatively; student engagement predicted academic achievement directly and positively, on a significant level statistically. Moreover, burnout had a mediation role in the relationship between academic motivation and student engagement; student engagement had a mediation role in the relationship between burnout and academic achievement; both student engagement and burnout had a mediation role in the relationship between academic motivation and academic achievement. Academic motivation explained nearly 31% of the variance in burnout; academic motivation and burnout together explained nearly 44% of the variance in student engagement; and the confirmed model explained nearly 13% of the variance in academic achievement. Further implications of these findings for practical use and further research are discussed.
An Investigation into Pre-Service Teachers’ Self-Regulated Online Learning Perceptions
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Atilla , ÖNAL Ahmet
Published: June 2021

The sudden outbreak of Covid-19 pandemics has accelerated the process of technological transformation experienced by educational institutions. Traditional face-to-face education has been replaced by distance education as a precaution to minimize physical contact among the teachers and the students. As a result, self-regulatory skills have become a more significant factor for academic success in distance education. In line with this, the main aim of the study is to identify the level of self-regulated online learning perceptions of pre-service teachers in Turkish higher education context. Furthermore, the study also aims to reveal whether the pre-service teachers’ self-regulated online learning perceptions differ according to several variables such as their gender, department, class, level of digital literacy and the time they daily spend online. A total of 353 pre-service teachers from various departments have participated in the study. The findings of the study indicate that pre-service teachers’ perceptions of self-regulated online learning are at moderate level; thus, it can be argued that the level of their perceptions is far from satisfactory. Additionally, it has been observed that the pre-service teachers’ self-regulated online learning perceptions differ according to their gender, level of digital literacy and time daily spent online. To be more precise, it has been noted that self-regulated online learning perceptions of female pre-service teachers are higher than those of male pre-service teachers. In a similar vein, it has been observed that the higher the level of digital literacy and the more time spent online, the higher the self-regulated online learning perceptions of pre-service teachers. The overall results of the study suggest that self-regulation skills of the pre-service teachers need to be emphasized and improved with the aim of contributing to the efficient implementation of distance education.
Chlorophyll synthesis, growth and yield performance of summer mungbean CV. BARI MOOG-6 in response to BAP and NAA
Authors: Sarker Bikash C , Talukder Mai , Roy B
Published: June 2021

Effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on physiology, growth and yield attributes of summer mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) CV. BARI moog-6 were investigated. Two PGRs, namely NAA and BAP with three concentrations of each viz., 50, 100, 150 ppm and fresh water as control were applied as foliar spraying at vegetative and pre-flowering stage. Application of BAP and NAA had positive impact on the morphophysiological characteristics of summer mungbean. Spraying of PGRs at 150 ppm showed the highest performance regarding plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf breadth, root nodule number, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, pod length, and seed yield of mungbean. Spraying BAP at 150 ppm concentration produced the highest seed yield (1.56 t/ha) followed by 150 ppm NAA (1.54 t/ha).

Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 209-217, 2021 (June)
Meta-Analysis of Qtl Associated With Starch Pasting Viscosity in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
Authors: Youlin Peng , Xia Zhang , Ting Zou , Fan WU , Shiwen Tang , Lamei Li , Yongjun Chen , Guotao Yang , Xuechun Wang , Yungao Hu
Published: June 2021

Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) profiles are important traits for indicating rice quality, which are controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL). In the past two decades, hundreds of QTL for rice RVA profiles have been detected, but without an integration study. Consistent QTL regions associated with rice RVA profiles by QTL meta-analysis with genetic information of 592 QTL for eight RVA profiles were studied. A total of 82 meta-QTL for RVA profiles were detected on 12 chromosomes. MQTL possessed narrower confidence intervals than the initial QTL and candidate genes were identified within each MQTL. These MQTL and candidate genes are beneficial for future marker-assisted selection gene cloning.

Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 269-276, 2021 (June)
Proteomics Variation in Nigella Sativa L. (Rananculaceae) Germplasm
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Sajjad , Ghafoor Abdul
Published: June 2021

Study revealed a first report of proteomics variation in Nigella sativa L. based on analyzing 32 accessions through SDS-PAGE. Three prominent regions along eight subunits were identified. Intra specific variation was observed low whereas the sharpness of bands was high between first and second regions. It was noted that in second region there was no clear evidence of band formation in N. sativa. Prominent and sharp protein peptide bands were recorded in four accessions, namely PK-020561, PK-020609, PK-020620 and PK-020646. Further investigation of single seeds showed almost similar genetic pattern within the single accession. Five clusters were formed on the basis of Euclidean distance. Cluster-I & II contain 1, 1 accession each, likewise Cluster-III and C-IV contain 2, 2 accessions whereas Cluster-V was found diversified as consisted of 26 accessions. Two accessions PK-020878 and PK-020877 were recommended for polymorphism and crop improvement programs.

Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 289-294, 2021 (June)
Stachys Ahmet-Savranii DoğU and BAğCI (Lamiaceae), a New Species From South Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Doğu Süleyman , Bağci Yavuz
Published: June 2021

Stachys ahmet-savranii Doğu & Bağcı sp. nov. (Lamiaceae) from the Niğde (C5 Niğde, Turkey) is described and illustrated. It exhibits general features of the section Infrarosularis. It is closely related to Stachys citrina Boiss. & Heldr. but differs by its slender and unbranched stem; leaves structure; floral leaves equalling or longer than verticillasters; verticillester with 8 - 12 flowered and corolla 10 - 18 mm; Bracteoles reaching nearly middle of calyx tube. Diagnostic morphological characters are discussed. The geographical distribution of the new species is mapped. Notes are also presented on its ecology, biogeography and conservation status.

Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 319-326, 2021 (June)
Carbon Stock of Different Parts of Major Plant Species of Three Ecological Zones of Bangladesh Sundarbans
Authors: Ahmed Ashfaque , Ahmed Tanvir , Md Ataullah -
Published: June 2021

The biomass and carbon sequestration by different parts namely leaf, stem and roots of major dominant plant species of different quadrats established in three ecological zones of Bangladesh Sundarban Mangrove Forests (SMF) were determined. A visit was done during 28 March to 1 April 2016 covering the oligohaline, mesohaline and polyhaline zones of SMF. Plant parts (stem, branch and leaf) of major plant species were collected from 16 quadrats of different locations. The major plant species were selected on the basis of abundance (number). Aboveground biomass (AGB) was estimated as the product of tree volume and wood density. Below ground biomass (BGB) were estimated from the 20% of above ground stem biomass. Carbon stock and CO2 sequestration were estimated from the dry weight of AGB and BGB. A total of 20 species in 16 different quadrats in three ecological zones and overall SMF was recorded. Among 20 species 10 dominant tree species were considered on the basis of abundance (number) for the estimation of AGB, BGB and CO2 sequestration. Species wise mean AGB (ton/ha) of 10 dominant mangrove trees are in order Heritiera fomes (186.423) > Excoecaria agallocha (28.752) > Avicennia officinalis (24.082) > Ceriops decandra (5.021) > Cynometra ramiflora (1.403) > Tamarix dioica (0.592) > Xylocarpus moluccensis (0.500) > Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (0.307) > Aegiceras corniculata (0.241) > Aglaia cuculata (0.038).Species wise mean BGB (ton/ha) of 10 dominant mangrove trees are in order H. fomes (34.99) > E. agallocha (4.94) > A. officinalis (4.79) > C. decandra (0.704) > X. moluccensis (0.47) > C. ramiflora (0.15) > B. gymnorrhiza (0.018) > A. corniculata (0.015) > T. dioica (0.008) >A. cuculata (0.004). The total CO2 sequestered (above ground and below ground) in overall SMF (considered land area 4143 km2) was 192.869 megaton.

Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 373-385, 2021 (June)
Effects of Trichoderma Species on the Growth of Fusarium Verticillioides
Authors: Kumar Ramesh , Kumar Sanjeev , Chaudhary Balkishan
Published: June 2021

Six biocontrol treatments viz., Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma harzianum, T. harzianum + T. viride, T. harzianum + T. virens and T. viride + T. virens were evaluated to test the antagonism against Fusarium verticillioides under in vitro conditions. The maximum growth inhibition (90.6%) was recorded in consortium of T. harzianum + T. viride in dual culture technique . The volatile and non volatile compounds from the consortium of T. harzianum + T. viride also found best and suppressed the mycelial growth of F. verticillioides to the tune of 83.90 and 84.61 %, respectively.

Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 423-425, 2021 (June)
Application of saliva in COVID-19 diagnosis: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Khan Saif , Rafat Dalia , Khan Asad Ullah , Rahman Syed Ziaur , Farhat Nabeela
Published: June 2021

Abstract not available

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.697-699
Prevalence of cancer related to sociodemographic characteristics and prevention strategies in Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors: Warsame Abdullahi Abdulkarim , Sönmez Recep Erçin , Muse Mohamed Moalim , Guled Ahmed Yusuf , Alimoğlu Orhan
Published: June 2021

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and is estimated to account for 9.6 million death in 2018. Lung, prostate, colorectal, stomach and liver cancers are those most common among men; while breast, colorectal, lung, cervix and thyroid cancers are most frequent types among women.

Objectives: The present study aims to assume a leading role for forthcoming researches to establish a national cancer registry database in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Methodology: This is a retrospective 6-months analysis of cancer patients whose data were achieved from pathology department registries of Liban and Veritas Hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Results: 126 (M/F: 51 (41.5%) / 75 (59.5%)) patients were included in the study. Esophagus had been recorded as the most frequent site of organ which was diagnosed with cancer (n=74 (58.7%)). Squamous cell carcinoma was recorded to be the most frequent histopathologically confirmed subtype (n=91 (72%), M/F:34/57), which was followed by adenocarcinoma (n=16 (12.7%), M/F:11/5) and sarcoma (n=6 (4.8%), M/F:5/1) consequtively. Majority of both squamous cell carcinoma (n=37 (40.7%)) and sarcoma patients (n=3 (50%)) were >60 years of age, whereas patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma (n=7 (43.75%)) were between 41-50 years of age.

Conclusion: Emphasis should be placed on finding ways to ensure early detection and diagnosis of cancer in Mogadishu, Somalia promptly. That should begin by giving educations to community to raise public awareness, and establishing national cancer registry to reveal up-to date data in order to make risk assessment and coordinate management strategies accordingly.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.756-761
Relationship between second toe length and androgen-linked behaviours among students of Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
Authors: Abimbola Ebeye Oladunni , Enatewe Akpoyibo Emmanuel , Stanley Dafe Onoriode , Godswill Okoro Ogheneyebrorue
Published: June 2021

Background: During the formation of the limbs, a simultaneous production of androgens occurs. It has also been noticed that when genetic process is inhibited, it can lead to complications affecting the limbs. It is therefore believed that testosterone influences the development of the limbs.

Aim: This study therefore looked at the association between second toe length and androgen linked behaviours.

Materials and Method: Three hundred (166 males and 134 females) subjects who were students of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka aged 18 and above, were selected using the cross-sectional descriptive study design. Second toe length was observed, standardize questionnaire on handedness, competition and aggregation was administered to students. Data obtained were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences.

Results: This study established a significant association between 2nd toe length and some androgen linked behaviours. Significant association between subjects with longer 2nd toe and competitiveness was observed (p<0.05) as well as aggressive behavior.

Conclusion: From this study, it was deduced that androgens influence 2nd toe length and 2nd toe length also influences androgen linked behaviours such as competition and aggression.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.779-789
Readiness for cancer cervix control in a North Indian population: Identifying the gaps
Authors: Arfin Md Islam , Mahmood Syed Esam , Ahmad Ausaf , Muzammil Khursheed , Ahmad Mohammad Tauheed , Al Musa Hassan M
Published: June 2021

Background: Cancer of the cervix is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths amongst women in India. Apart from the availability of healthcare services, awareness and attitude, the cornerstone of public health measures such as screening and vaccination are useful in the control of cervical cancer. There is a lack of studies regarding cervical cancer in the selected region.

Objectives: To assess the knowledge of cervical cancer and its associated factors amongst rural women in a densely populated state of Northern India.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was undertaken for a period of one year, i.e., from April 2018 to March 2019, in five randomly selected villages of the Bakshi Ka Talab Block of District Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. Systematic random sampling was performed to include females aged 15 years and above by a house to house survey. Trained social workers interviewed the consenting participants using a self-structured, pretested and validated questionnaire. The suitable statistical test was used to analyze the data.

Results: The majority of the participants (n=300) were aged between 20- 24 years, and the mean age was 28.5 years. Sixty-four per cent of the females were married, and round 43.7% belonged to lower socioeconomic class. Nearly one third reported to have not heard of cervical cancer previously. The knowledge of the various aspects of cancer cervix varied from 3.2% to 55.3%. The most frequently recognized risk factors were early pregnancy (15.7%), giving birth to ≥ 3 children (13.2%) and early sexual initiation (11.7%). Majority of respondents (56.4 per cent) reported weakness to be the most common effect of leucorrhoea. Nearly half of females falsely perceived the actual cause of the leucorrhoea as excess heat in the body. None of the participants had either undergone screening for cervical cancer or had received HPV vaccination despite the availability of healthcare facilities within 30 kilometres. The educational and socioeconomic status were found to be significant predictors of knowledge of cervical cancer on multivariate logistic regression analysis

Conclusion: A general lack of awareness has been noted regarding cervical cancer in the study population. None of the participants had undergone screening for cancer cervix or had been administered HPV vaccination, which points to a lack of healthcare utilisation. There is a need to sensitize the target population to the menace of cervical cancer and the usefulness of screening and HPV uptake.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.790-795
Postprandial Somnolence and its awareness among the Medical Undergraduate Students: A crosssectional study
Authors: Chaturvedi Abhishek , Guru Anitha , Kumar Naveen , Lin Ling Yi , Wei Daniel YeapTze , Sheng Lai Kah , Yee Leow Hjun
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Postprandial somnolence or commonly referred to as food coma is generally experienced after the ingestion of afternoon meals. The performance of an individual gets affected after the ingestion of a heavy meal and this is more pertinent in a college setup where students have to attend a lecture right after the meal. The objective of this study was to assess the awareness of medical students about the factors responsible for postprandial somnolence, to identify the methods used to counteract it and to ascertain lecturers’ perception on responsiveness and participation of the students in a post lunch lecture.

Methods: Total 330 students (first year to third year MBBS students) aged between 18-21 years and 40 lecturers teaching first and second year MBBS students were involved in this study. Two separate questionnaires (Part A: students’ perception, and B: lecturers’ perception) were prepared, peer-reviewed, validated and administered to the respective participants. All the responses were compiled and expressed in frequency percentage. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 15.0 for a level of statistical significance of 5%. Pearson correlation was used to get the association between the variables.

Results: About 55.75% students were aware about the role of serotonin and melatonin in drowsiness but 45.75% students did not know that food rich in tryptophan relaxes the brain and results in sleepiness. Students agree that heaviness of their meal might cause drowsiness and indigestion or bloating, which can also result in lethargy and can affect their performance. Majority of the lecturers opined that students disturb the harmony of the class and are less responsive and participative in post lunch break lectures.

Conclusion: Thus, the present study provided scope for conducting awareness talks regarding the strategies to counteract postprandial somnolence among medical students which can help improve their concentration during post-lunch lectures.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.826-832
Factors associated with dengue fever patients attending primary health clinics in Kota Kinabalu
Authors: Maluda Marilyn Charlene Montini , Rahim Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul , Tha Naing Oo , Dony Jiloris F , Khoon Koay Teng , Ibrahim Mohd Yusof , Jeffree Mohammad Saffree , Avoi Richard , Robinson Fredie , Mohd Daud Mohd Nazri
Published: June 2021

Background: Dengue fever infection has become a major public health concern in Malaysia with frequent epidemics occurring in urban areas. In Sabah, Dengue fever is among the 5 most reported communicable diseases and the district of Kota Kinabalu is among the top 3 districts with the highest number of dengue cases with 563 cases recorded in 2016.

Aims and Methodolgy: This study aimed to determine the factors contributing or associated with dengue fever occurrence in Kota Kinabalu. A cross- sectional study was conducted among the primary health care clinic attendees in Kota Kinabalu. Data was collected via a set of structured questionnaires focusing on socio-demographic characteristic of participants, environmental characteristic of households, history of previous exposure to dengue fever, knowledge towards dengue fever and its vector, awareness on dengue fever and mosquito control and dengue fever prevention practices.

Results and Recommendations: Among the 350 individual’s that participated in the interview, 53 were dengue fever cases. Subsequently, the prevalence of Dengue fever cases among the study population was calculated with prevalence in percentage concluded as 15.1%. Further analysis revealed that factors such as aged group by years, number of household occupants, staying at dengue outbreak areas, self – reported history of recent mosquito bites, indoor and outdoor storage of open water containers, installed house window screens, knowledge on dengue fever and its vector, practices of wearing protective clothing outdoor and usage of mosquito repellent ointment or creams showed significant association with dengue fever outcomes. However, further studies would need to be conducted to determine if these factors possess a higher threat or risk for dengue fever.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.878-886
Hydroxychloroquine as Therapeutic Option in COVID-19: Analysis of Suspected Cardiovascular Adverse Drug Events Reported in the VigiBase
Authors: Dutta Siddhartha , Kaur Rimplejeet , Bhardwaj Pankaj , Deora Surender , Singh Kavita , Ambwani Sneha , Charan Jaykaran , Abubakar Abdullahi Rabiu , Jahan Iffat , Lugova Halyna , Islam Salequl , Haque Mainul
Published: June 2021

Background: Hydroxychloroquine(HCQ), one of the repurposed drugs in COVID-19, has several known cardiovascular(CVS) toxicities.

Methods: VigiBase data were used to analyze the reported ADEs linked to HCQ. The data were analyzed based on age, gender, and seriousness of ADEs at the System Organ Classification level and the individual Preferred Term level.

Results: The majority were above 18 years(91.6%) and from Europe(41.6%). A total of 5,315 ADEs were associated with HCQ use in COVID-19. Of these, 918 ADEs were attributed to CVS and reported from 773 patients. Grossly, CVS ADEs were associated with concomitant use of HCQ and azithromycin(AZM), and only 40 ADEs were solely due to HCQ. The majority were serious (69.3%) and resolved afterward (51%). In CVS ADEs, there were 366 cardiac disorders, 38 vascular disorders, and 514 ADEs under investigation. Among the cardiac disorders, palpitation was the most typical (N=65), followed by bradycardia(N=44) and tachycardia(N=33). Among arrhythmias, QT prolongation (N=469), atrial fibrillation (N=25), and ventricular tachycardia(N=16) were common. The odds of developing serious CVS ADEs increased with age, patients aged 45-64 years(OR=1.75; p= 0.015) and >65 years(OR=1.93, p=0.003) as compared to younger ones.

Conclusion: Hydroxychloroquine with known CVS toxicities and increased risk with co-administering AZM makes physicians cautious while prescribing in COVID-19 patients.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.897-910