bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Clinical Pharmacists in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Ayhan Yunus Emre
Published: October 2024

Intensive care units (ICUs) have a highly complex structure in terms of both
diseases and medications used in treatment. Therefore, the management of ICU patients
is possible with a multidisciplinary team. With their evolving skills and roles, clinical
pharmacists have become indispensable parts of the ICU team. This section reviews
ICU-specific issues such as the control of delirium, sedation, pain, stress ulcer
prophylaxis, venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, sepsis, septic shock, prevention of
drug-related problems (DRPs), healthcare-associated infections, and literature on the
roles of clinical pharmacists. The studies carried out in the ICU are mainly within the
scope of medication cost savings, DRPs, medication management, and compliance with
the guidelines on various issues. In conclusion, it has been emphasized that including
clinical pharmacists in the ICU team has improved many issues affecting DRPs,
treatment costs, and patient health outcomes.
Comparative Analysis of Diagnostic Performance: Differential Diagnosis Lists by LLaMA3 Versus LLaMA2 for Case Reports
Authors: Hirosawa Takanobu , Harada Yukinori , Tokumasu Kazuki , Shiraishi Tatsuya , Suzuki Tomoharu , Shimizu Taro
Published: October 2024

Background

Generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in the form of large language models, has rapidly developed. The LLaMA series are popular and recently updated from LLaMA2 to LLaMA3. However, the impacts of the update on diagnostic performance have not been well documented.

Objective

We conducted a comparative evaluation of the diagnostic performance in differential diagnosis lists generated by LLaMA3 and LLaMA2 for case reports.

Methods

We analyzed case reports published in the American Journal of Case Reports from 2022 to 2023. After excluding nondiagnostic and pediatric cases, we input the remaining cases into LLaMA3 and LLaMA2 using the same prompt and the same adjustable parameters. Diagnostic performance was defined by whether the differential diagnosis lists included the final diagnosis. Multiple physicians independently evaluated whether the final diagnosis was included in the top 10 differentials generated by LLaMA3 and LLaMA2.

Results

In our comparative evaluation of the diagnostic performance between LLaMA3 and LLaMA2, we analyzed differential diagnosis lists for 392 case reports. The final diagnosis was included in the top 10 differentials generated by LLaMA3 in 79.6% (312/392) of the cases, compared to 49.7% (195/392) for LLaMA2, indicating a statistically significant improvement (P<.001). Additionally, LLaMA3 showed higher performance in including the final diagnosis in the top 5 differentials, observed in 63% (247/392) of cases, compared to LLaMA2’s 38% (149/392, P<.001). Furthermore, the top diagnosis was accurately identified by LLaMA3 in 33.9% (133/392) of cases, significantly higher than the 22.7% (89/392) achieved by LLaMA2 (P<.001). The analysis across various medical specialties revealed variations in diagnostic performance with LLaMA3 consistently outperforming LLaMA2.

Conclusions

The results reveal that the LLaMA3 model significantly outperforms LLaMA2 per diagnostic performance, with a higher percentage of case reports having the final diagnosis listed within the top 10, top 5, and as the top diagnosis. Overall diagnostic performance improved almost 1.5 times from LLaMA2 to LLaMA3. These findings support the rapid development and continuous refinement of generative AI systems to enhance diagnostic processes in medicine. However, these findings should be carefully interpreted for clinical application, as generative AI, including the LLaMA series, has not been approved for medical applications such as AI-enhanced diagnostics.
Metagenomic analysis of bacterial diversity in pigeon pea after soaking in water
Authors: Sine Yuni , Widianto Donny , Purwestri Yekti Asih , Lee Byong Hoon , Widodo Widodo
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the diversity of bacterial community in the samples of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) soaked in water for 12 h and 24 h. The detection of certain bacterial species in the samples that can be isolated and potentially be used as starter cultures in the development of pigeon pea‐based functional foods is the importance of this study. For bacterial identification, the V1–V9 regions on the 16S ribosomal RNA gene were amplified using 27F and 1492R primers under specific polymerase chain reaction conditions. Genomic DNA (130 ng) was sequenced on the R9.4 flow cell by Oxford Nanopore Technologies using a GridION sequencer. Library preparations were conducted using a Native Barcoding Kit 24 V14 (SQK‐NBD114.24). Primary data were acquired using MinKNOW version 22.05.7. A total of 13 bacterial families and 89 genera were identified in the pigeon pea sample soaked for 12 h, and 26 families and 90 genera were identified in the pigeon pea soaked for 24 h. The values of five diversity indices showed that the sample soaked in water for 24 h had richer bacterial abundance and diversity than for 12 h. Shannon and Simpson values revealed the higher bacterial diversity in the samples collected at 24 h than in those collected at 12 h. Species observation and abundance‐based coverage estimators (ACE) values demonstrated that the samples collected at 24 h harbored higher bac‐ terial richness than those collected at 12 h. Bacterial communities during soaking of the pigeon pea were dominated by the family Enterobacteriaceae and genus Enterobacter. The presence of bacterial genera like Lacticaseibacillus, Lentilactobacillus, and Secundilactobacillus is interesting because of their importance as starter cultures for fermented plant‐based milk products
Synthesis of New Indazole Analogs of Curcumin as Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Candidates: An In Vitro Investigation
Authors: Hariyanti Hariyanti , Hayun Hayun , Yanuar Arry , Azminah Azminah
Published: October 2024

The development of analog curcumin compounds by modifying the structure of monocarbonyl into an analog indazole of curcumin (AIC) is recognized to have a great potential. Still, only a few reports have been available. Rarely occurring in nature, indazole molecules are typically created through chemical synthesis. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize six new AIC compounds with a particular focus on testing in vitro antioxidant activity using the DPPH and FRAP methods, as well as anti-inflammatory activity using the protein denaturation method. The results showed that the compounds formed had high anti-inflammatory activity but low antioxidant activity. All synthesis products produced higher anti-inflammatory activity than standard diclofenac sodium and curcumin compounds. Specifically, compound 3a showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 = 0.548 ± 0.062 μM. Therefore, it was concluded that compound 3a has the potential to be further studied for anti-inflammatory activity.
Peer Mentoring as a Restorative Justice Strategy for Youth Perpetrating Street Violence in the Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Purwaningtyas Mashita Phitaloka Fandia , Wijaya Ina Yosia , Islahuddyn Riski , Putri Ayu Aishya , Setyawan Stefanus Fajar , Puspandara Viridhian Mangsah , Sasmito Anggit Nur
Published: October 2024

The Juvenile Social Protection and Rehabilitation Center (BPRSR) ofYogyakarta Special Region (DIY) handles juvenile street violence (klithih) oﬀendersbut faces challenges in peer mentoring, a vital component of restorative justice. Toenhance the skills of BPRSR staﬀ, the Youth Studies Centre (YouSure), in collaborationwith the Centre for Public Mental Health (CPMH), organized a community serviceprogram in the form of a workshop series. The program aimed to strengthen staﬀcapabilities in identifying mental health problems, providing psychological ﬁrst aid, andoﬀering basic counseling. The training began with a pre-test to assess participants’initial skills, followed by the training sessions, and concluded with a post-test. Resultsfrom the pre-test revealed a lack of understanding of the procedures for addressingmental health issues, while the post-test demonstrated a signiﬁcant improvementin both skills and knowledge. Despite the training’s eﬀectiveness, further followupis necessary to achieve a more comprehensive approach to restorative justice.Future training should be more in-depth and ongoing, addressing the identiﬁed gapsand supporting the practical application of these skills in adolescent rehabilitation atBPRSR.
Ruang-Ruang Pembentuk Aktivisme: Membangun Narasi Politik Mahasiswa Pada Aksi 212
Authors: Fakhrani Ferdy Azmal
Published: October 2024

Pilkada DKI Jakarta tahun 2017 telah menimbulkan polarisasi dalam dinamika pilihan politik mahasiswa. Informasi mengenai isu penistaan melalui media massa online yang mereka baca, menjadi pertanyaan penelitian yang saya ajukan demikian, bagaimana media massa mampu mempengaruhi sikap mahasiswa, yang menyeret mereka menuju sentimen politik? Analisis tersebut bertujuan untuk memahami literasi media baru di kalangan mahasiswa Yogyakarta serta memahami tindakan politik mahasiswa, sebagai salah satu pihak yang memiliki peran penting dalam demokrasi Indonesia. Data penelitian ini didapatkan melalui metode wawancara mendalam terhadap narasumber dan juga respon narasumber terhadap media online terpilih. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori resepsi untuk mengetahui proses budaya pada pembacaan berita. Peneliti menemukan bahwa pilihan bacaan mereka dikuatkan oleh referensi dari pihak yang memiliki kuasa lebih dalam ruang sosial mereka, seperti senior organisasi, atau pihak yang paling aktif di grup, baik online maupun offline. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan pilihan dan keputusan politis mahasiswa masih mengandalkan ruang sosial pilihan mereka untuk menentukan mana informasi yang akan mereka pilih.
TRIBOINFORMATICS: MACHINE LEARNING METHODS FOR FRICTIONAL INSTABILITIES
Authors: Nosonovsky Michael , Aglikov Aleksandr S.
Published: October 2024

The study of friction is traditionally a data-driven area with many experimental data and phenomenological models governing structure-property relationships. Triboinformatics is a new area combining Tribology with Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods, which can help to establish correlations in data on friction and wear. This is particularly relevant to unstable motion, where deterministic models are difficult to build. There are several types of friction-induced instabilities including those caused by the velocity dependency of dry friction, coupling of friction with another process (wear, heat generation, etc.), the elastic Adams instabilities, and others. The onset of sliding is also an unstable process. ML/AI methods, such as Topological Data Analysis and various ML algorithms, which have been already used for various aspects of data analysis on friction, can be applied also to the frictional instabilities.
LONGITUDINAL-RADIAL VIBRATIONS OF A VISCOELASTIC CYLINDRICAL THREE-LAYER STRUCTURE
Authors: Khudoynazarov Khayrulla
Published: October 2024

The paper considers a cylindrical three-layer structure of arbitrary thickness made of viscoelastic material. It consists of two external bearing layers and a middle layer, the materials of which are generally different. The problem of nonstationary longitudinal-radial vibrations of such a structure is formulated. Based on the exact solutions in transformations of the three-dimensional problem of the linear theory of viscoelasticity for a circular cylindrical three-layer body, a mathematical model of its nonstationary longitudinal-radial vibrations is developed. Equations are derived that allow, based on the results of solving the vibration equations, to determine the stress-strain state of a cylindrical structure and its layers in arbitrary sections. The results obtained allow for special cases of transition into cylindrical viscoelastic and elastic two-layer structures, as well as into homogeneous single-layer cylindrical structures and round rods.
EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF DYNAMIC COEFFICIENT OF AMONTON-COULOMB DRY FRICTION
Authors: Mirzaev Ibrakhim , Sagdiev Khamidulla , Yuvmitov Anvar , Turdiev Malikjon , Egamberdiev Bakhtiyorjon
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study is to experimentally determine the dynamic coefficient of dry friction between different materials under vibrations due to the initial deflection. The principle of dry friction between the grillage and the foundation is used for the seismic isolation of buildings and structures. A measuring complex with corresponding strain-gauge measuring channels was prepared on the laboratory one-component shaking stand to record the relative and absolute displacements of two-mass systems. A theoretical solution to this nonlinear problem was obtained with the additional use of a special logical algorithm to determine the direction of the dry friction force between two masses. The value of the dynamic coefficient of dry friction was determined by comparing the numerical solution to the problem with experimental records by selecting the value of the dry friction coefficient. The values of the mass of rubbing elements with the surface treatment of the steel-on-steel contact and a separate option with lubrication of the contact surface with fluoroplastic 4-on-fluoroplastic 4 gaskets were changed in the experiment. The maximum velocity of the platform in experiments corresponds to a 9-point earthquake on the MSK-64 scale.
STRONG DOMINATION NUMBER OF HAJÓS SUM AND VERTEX-SUM OF TWO GRAPHS
Authors: Ghanbari Nima , Alikhani Saeid
Published: October 2024

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple graph. A set $D\subseteq V$ is a strong dominating set of $G$, if for every vertex $x\in V\setminus D$ there is a vertex $y\in D$ with $xy\in E(G)$ and $\deg(x)\leq \deg(y)$. The strong domination number $\gst(G)$ is defined as the minimum cardinality of a strong dominating set.  In this paper, we study the strong domination number of Haj\'{o}s sum and vertex-sum of two graphs.
PARA-SASAKIAN MANIFOLD ADMITTING RICCI-YAMABE SOLITONS WITH QUARTER SYMMETRIC METRIC CONNECTION
Authors: Vandana . , Budhiraja Rajeev , Ahmad Kamran , Siddiqui Aliya Naaz
Published: October 2024

In the year 2019, Guler and Crasmareanu [6] conducted an investigation into another geometric flow known as the Ricci-Yamabe map. This map is nothing but a scalar combination of the Ricci and the Yamabe flow [7]. The primary objective of the current paper is to provide a characterization of a Ricci Yamabe soliton on a para-Sasakian manifold [17]. To commence, we prove that a para-Sasakian manifold admits a nearly quasi-Einstein manifold. Moreover, we discuss whether such a manifold is shrinking, expanding, or steady. Subsequently, we generalize these findings to Ricci-Yamabe solitons on para-Sasakian manifolds equipped with a quarter symmetric metric connection. Lastly, we furnish an illustration of a three-dimensional para-Sasakian manifold admitting a Ricci-Yamabe soliton which satisfies our results.
El Ejercicio del Poder como un Arte para Interpretar Imágenes: Semiótica Visual, Retórica y Discurso Político
Authors: Rodríguez-Miaja Fernando E.
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo presenta una metodología novedosa para el análisis e interpretación de imágenes. Bajo la perspectiva de la semiótica visual, se plantean casos específicos, en los que se describe la manera en que los textos y las imágenes se pueden manipular, con fines determinados, en contextos específicos. Como en la mercadotecnia y la publicidad, en la ciencia política se utilizan discursos textuales apoyados por imágenes, con una retórica orientada hacia la persuasión, o sea con el propósito de convencer mediante el uso de un mensaje. Aplicando conceptos teóricos, se propone la creación de catálogos para una mejor interpretación de diversos tipos de imágenes
Análisis Político. El gobierno de Peña Nieto como un estudio de caso
Authors: Hernández Arteaga Laura
Published: October 2024

Bravo Ahuja Ruiz, Marcela y Singer Sochet Martha (2021). Peña Nieto. Naufragio de una era. Ciudad de México. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
El enfoque CTS en la educación científica chilena: un análisis del texto escolar de la asignatura de ciencias para la ciudadanía
Authors: Merino Rubilar Cristian , Solis Jaime , Pacheco Gabriela , Iturbe-Sarunić Catalina , Manrique Franklin , Rivera Mailing , Jara Roxana
Published: October 2024

El texto presenta una revisión exhaustiva de un libro de texto de Ciencias para la Ciudadanía, enfocándose en aspectos clave, como los niveles de alfabetización científica, los planos de análisis y desarrollo, y el análisis de las ilustraciones. En cuanto a los niveles de alfabetización científica (AC), se explica la categorización detallada de las preguntas propuestas en diferentes niveles de conocimiento científico, habilidades y actitudes científicas. Se destaca una distribución equilibrada de preguntas que abordan estos diferentes niveles, lo que sugiere un enfoque integral de la AC en el texto. El análisis de los planos de análisis y desarrollo revela la importancia de considerar un enfoque más holístico que integre estos aspectos para promover un desarrollo integral de los estudiantes. En cuanto a las ilustraciones, se proporciona un desglose detallado de su función. Se observa una diversidad de enfoques en la representación gráfica de conceptos científicos, con una clara preferencia por la fotografía como modalidad visual principal. También, la presencia de las ilustraciones operativas, especialmente las sintácticas, para complementar y ampliar la información presentada en el texto. Finalmente, los resultados proporcionan una visión detallada de cómo el libro de texto aborda la relación entre ciencia, tecnología y sociedad, y permiten sugerir recomendaciones para mejorar la educación científica en Chile, promoviendo un enfoque integral que considere diferentes niveles de alfabetización científica y aspectos clave del desarrollo humano.
Enseñanza de la química: desafíos y retos desde una perspectiva de los estudios feministas de la filosofía de las ciencias
Authors: Rueda Xenia , García Cruz Juan Carlos
Published: October 2024

En este trabajo se analizan los retos de la enseñanza de la química desde los estudios feministas de la filosofía de las ciencias, vinculado a los desafíos provenientes de los estudios sobre Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad (CTS). Para ello, partimos de la concepción del conocimiento y en particular para la química, el concepto de práctica, el cual ha contribuido a una mejor comprensión de la propia química. Sin embargo, recurrimos a la epistemología feminista para comprender cómo la ciencia se ha consolidado bajo un supuesto androcéntrico, excluyendo otros sujetos epistémicos y se ha enseñado una visión homogénea. Por tanto, se propone una reflexión de la enseñanza de la química y los retos a los que se enfrenta en el S. XXI, que va más allá del aprendizaje de conceptos químicos, sino analizar e involucrar aspectos que se habían dejado fuera y apostar por visión del mundo más amplia, es decir, maximizar la comprensión de los fenómenos que intentamos describir y comprender; ello sin duda enriquecerá el panorama científico, sobre todo en cuanto a problemas de investigación y aplicaciones a la ciencia que atiendan a una sociedad plural, no androcéntrica ni universal.
Características Físico-Químicas e Toxicológicas do Pinoxaden e suas Implicações Ambientais
Authors: Campos Diego Leonardo , Obando Valdivia Sara Estefany , Dantas Rothéia Carvalho Sarah , Da Silva Ferreira Alves Thiago , De Souza Moretti Beatriz , Alves da Silva Francisco , Nicioli Lethicia
Published: October 2024

O pinoxaden é um herbicida utilizado para controlar a propagação de ervas daninhas em culturas de trigo e cevada. Ele foi recentemente autorizado em 2022 para comercialização no Brasil, mas até o momento ainda não foi produzido e há poucos estudos dessa substância em âmbito internacional e nacional. Dessa maneira, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar revisões bibliográficas à procura de dados sobre o pinoxaden, tais como suas propriedades físico-químicas, seus dados toxicológicos e sua ocorrência em água. Para a partir disso, derivar-se o critério de potabilidade e de proteção à vida aquática e realizar a avaliação de risco através da comparação entre os critérios derivados e a ocorrência da substância em água. O valor derivado para o critério de potabilidade foi de 450 μg/L e para o critério de proteção à vida aquática foi de aproximadamente 9,1 μg/L. Não foram encontrados dados de ocorrência do composto em água no Brasil e em outros países, com exceção do Paquistão com concentrações na faixa de 2620 - 4030 μg/L. Com isso, notou-se que nessa localidade há um grande risco para a saúde humana e principalmente para a biota aquática, uma vez que as chances de risco são maiores do que para os seres humanos. O pinoxaden é um herbicida utilizado para controlar a propagação de ervas daninhas em culturas de trigo e cevada. Ele foi recentemente autorizado em 2022 para comercialização no Brasil, mas até o momento ainda não foi produzido e há poucos estudos dessa substância em âmbito internacional e nacional. Dessa maneira, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar revisões bibliográficas à procura de dados sobre o pinoxaden, tais como suas propriedades físico-químicas, seus dados toxicológicos e sua ocorrência em água. Para a partir disso, derivar-se o critério de potabilidade e de proteção à vida aquática e realizar a avaliação de risco através da comparação entre os critérios derivados e a ocorrência da substância em água. O valor derivado para o critério de potabilidade foi de 450 μg/L e para o critério de proteção à vida aquática foi de aproximadamente 9,1 μg/L. Não foram encontrados dados de ocorrência do composto em água no Brasil e em outros países, com exceção do Paquistão com concentrações na faixa de 2620 - 4030 μg/L. Com isso, notou-se que nessa localidade há um grande risco para a saúde humana e principalmente para a biota aquática, uma vez que as chances de risco são maiores do que para os seres humanos.
EQUIPE MULTIPROFISSIONAL DA UTI E A COMPREENSÃO DAS PRÁTICAS INSTITUCIONAIS DE ACOLHIMENTO E CUIDADO
Authors: Bezerra Christiane Hélida Silva , Alencar Andréa Echeverria Martins Arraes de
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to analyze how the multidisciplinary team working in the ICU understands institutional reception and care practices. This is qualitative research, conducted with nine members of the multidisciplinary team who work in the ICU of a hospital in Recife/PE, aged between 22 and 52 years old, mostly married and with children. The responses to the questionnaires and interviews were transcribed and analyzed according to the thematic analysis technique suggested by Minayo. The results revealed that professionals' understanding of institutional reception and care practices is affected by several factors: triple working hours, daily contact with imminent death, limited understanding of the National Humanization Policy - PNH, lack of attention to psychosocial needs of professionals, use of defensive behaviors in relation to finitude and death, resistance to seeking emotional support, aspects related to the lack of professional recognition and few collaborative actions of multi-professional integration. It is concluded that it is crucial to create an environment for listening and psychoeducation of the multidisciplinary team according to the management and health care practices recommended by the PNH, which are still scarce in the Intensive Care Unit - ICU.
Remembrance Subjectivities, Narrative Marks and Cultural Trauma in the Construction of Memory of FARC-EP Demobilized Combatants in the AETCR Pondores
Authors: Rojas-Sierra Sergio Daniel , Pérez Pérez Tito Hernando
Published: October 2024

In recent decades, memory studies in Colombia in relation to the internal armed conflict have become a point of reference for multidisciplinary work with collectives and communities, and are also an important topic on the state agenda. This article explores the remembering subjectivities, narrative marks and cultural trauma that emerge from the experiences and perspectives in a memory work Antiguo Espacio Territorial de Capacitación y Reincorporación (AETCR) de Pondores. In addition, the tensions involved in thinking about cultural trauma from subjects marked by the exercise of armed violence are analyzed. For this purpose, a narrative analysis is developed that integrates thematic recurrences, expression of the experience, features of orality and structure of the story. The methods used to carry out this study include a participatory approach and life stories of reincorporated persons and the surrounding community in the context of the AETCR. The study focuses on the ways in which memory expressed narratively conceives practices such as forgiveness and coexistence as possible experiences, through the experiences and thoughts of the AECTR community.
El trauma está en la respuesta. Hacia una visión postcausal en la definición de trauma psicológico
Authors: Guerrero-Velazquez Alberto
Published: October 2024

El concepto de trauma psicológico es polisémico y sigue siendo objeto de debate entre académicos e investigadores. Una de las discusiones más importantes en torno a la definición de trauma es sobre la relación que existe entre el evento traumático (ET), la memoria traumática (MT) y la respuesta al trauma (RT). Distintas definiciones de trauma de organizaciones reconocidas mundialmente presentan al ET como el elemento primordial y sugieren una relación causal necesaria donde el ET es antecedente y la MT y la RT consecuentes, lo que llamo visión causal fuerte. En este artículo defiendo que esta visión es inconveniente al no explicar suficientemente importantes efectos relacionados al trauma que representan anomalías para la posición causal. Argumento a favor de dos afirmaciones. Primero, que en la definición de trauma psicológico debemos superar la necesidad de una relación causal fuerte dependiente del ET y transitar hacia una visión causal débil. Para ello, reviso la discusión sobre causación en filosofía de la memoria que enfrenta las teorías causales con las postcausales, y a partir de ella propongo dos principios que pueden ayudar a esta transición. Segundo, que de los tres elementos, la RT debería ser el más importante en la definición de trauma. Mi objetivo es apoyar aquellas definiciones de trauma psicológico que se enfocan en la RT, pues considero que pueden tener una mejor capacidad explicativa, especialmente para las anomalías que retan a la visión causal fuerte, y estar más centradas en la experiencia de los supervivientes.
A Comprehensive Review of Large Language Models in Cyber Security.
Authors: Guven Mesut
Published: October 2024

In response to the escalating complexity of cyber threats and the rapid expansion of digital environments, traditional detection models are proving increasingly inadequate. The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) powered by Natural Language Processing (NLP) represents a transformative advancement in cyber security. This review explores the burgeoning landscape of LLM applications in cyber security, highlighting their significant potential across various threat detection domains. Recent advancements have demonstrated LLMs' efficacy in enhancing tasks such as cyber threat intelligence, phishing detection, anomaly detection through log analysis, and more. By synthesizing recent literature, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of how LLMs are reshaping cyber security frameworks. It also discusses current challenges and future directions, aiming to guide researchers and practitioners in leveraging LLMs effectively to fortify digital defences and mitigate evolving cyber threats
The impact of female directors on firm risk: A study in the context of G6 countries
Authors: Banerjee Souvik , Mohanti Debaditya , Aggarwal Shalini , Dubey Ritesh Kumar
Published: October 2024

he main objective of this study is to assess the impact of female directors on firm risk in the G6 countries (all G7 countries except Italy, since data for Italy are not available). A total of 4617 firm-year observations were collected from six countries: the United States, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Canada. The firm risk measures (risk1 and risk2) are calculated as the ratio of a firm profitability to volatility of profitability. These risk measures capture the risk-seeking behavior of the firm. These ratios are a comprehensive measure of risk-seeking behavior since they capture the decisions made by the incumbent management related to the firm’s operations. The results show that the presence of female directors beyond a threshold point reduces firm risk in the total dataset as well as in individual countries. Interestingly, Europe as a continent and all European countries individually have the highest impact of the presence of female directors above the threshold. In the case of Japan, the presence of female directors has the least influence on firm risk
Leader Organizational citizenship behaviour and perceived followers support as outcomes of proactive Followership: A Social Exchange Perspective
Authors: Khan Sajjad Nawaz , Ahmed Zaheer , Khan Asad , Ansari Hamad Ul Haq
Published: October 2024

In recent decades, leadership research has tended to focus on leaders and the role of followers has been given less attention. This study, which uses the social exchange theory, investigates the role of proactive followership in leadership outcomes, considering the moderating influence of individual-level power distance orientation (PDO). Non-probability sampling was employed to tests the proposed hypotheses, 182 respondents participated in the research. The data was analysed using SmartPLS 3. The results showed that proactive followership has a positive effect on leader organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and the perceived support of followers. PDO significantly moderates the relationship between proactive followership and leader OCB, with low PDO strengthening the role of proactive followers in shaping leader OCB. These findings suggest that organizations should focus on developing their followers in order to improve leadership outcomes and strengthen relationships.
Innowacje w logistyce dystrybucji branży odzieżowej
Authors: Michalski Konrad , Nowak Emilia
Published: October 2024

W artykule dokonano rozpoznania wdrażanych innowacji w logistyce dystrybucji odzieży. Posłużono się przykładem wiodącego polskiego producenta odzieży – LPP. Przedstawiono organizację, przebieg oraz cechy logistyki dystrybucji lidera branży odzieżowej. Opisano innowacyjne rozwiązania wdrażane w łańcuchach dostaw w których uczestniczy badane przedsiębiorstwo. Jako cel badawczy przyjęto identyfikację kluczowych, innowacyjnych rozwiązań stosowanych w logistyce dystrybucji. Do realizacji celu, poza przeglądem literatury przedmiotu i branżowej, wykorzystano metodę studium przypadku i obserwację uczestniczącą. Wykorzystano dane statystyczne dostępne w źródłach internetowych, materiały publikowane przez firmę oraz dokumentację przedsiębiorstwa. Jako główny wynik badań należy odnotować właściwy kierunek rozwoju logistyki dystrybucji badanego przedsiębiorstwa, który odpowiada aktualnym trendom rozwojowym w tym obszarze logistyki: technologię RFID, wsparcie IT dla procesów logistycznych, w tym inwentaryzacji oraz rozwój wielokanałowości sprzedaży.
Wpływ zakłóceń w łańcuchach dostaw w czasie pandemii COVID-19 oraz wojny w Ukrainie na funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorstwa handlowego z branży budowlanej
Authors: Rokicki Tomasz , Surażyński Bartosz
Published: October 2024

Celem opracowania jest określenie wpływu zakłóceń w łańcuchach dostaw w czasie pandemii COVID-19 oraz wojny w Ukrainie na funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorstwa handlowego z branży budowlanej. Skupiono się na kilka aspektach, tj. opóźnieniach dostaw, ponoszonych kosztach w związku z podwyżką cen frachtu, dostępności produktów i zmianach w zapasie. Badanie dotyczyło przedsiębiorstwa prowadzącego sprzedaż detaliczną towarów z branży budowlanej. Okres badań dotyczył lat 2019–2023. Źródłem materiałów była literatura przedmiotu oraz dokumentacja przedsiębiorstwa. Stwierdzono, że dla badanego przedsiębiorstwa bardziej negatywne były skutki pandemii. Problemem był niedobór kontenerów oraz kilkukrotny wzrost stawek frachtowych. Przedsiębiorstwa próbowały zabezpieczać się poprzez zawieranie długoterminowych umów na transport. W badanym przedsiębiorstwie takie działania okazały się niekorzystne finansowo. Dodatkowo spadł wskaźnik terminowości, co bardzo wpływało na funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorstwa. W rezultacie obniżyła się dostępność artykułów. Przedsiębiorstwo próbowało przeciwdziałać podanym sytuacjom przez kilkukrotne zwiększenie wartości zapasów. Wojna w Ukrainie wpłynęła negatywnie głównie na ceny paliw, które znacząco wzrosły. W tej sytuacji przedsiębiorstwo zastosowało korektę paliwową, co rozłożyło ryzyko i koszty na obie strony, tj. nabywcę usługi transportowej i przewoźnikami.
Functioning of courier, express and package services market (CEP) in the face of trends and new challenges
Authors: Ejdys Stanisław , Górnecka Jolanta , Antoniak Jakub
Published: October 2024

Both in Poland and worldwide, the CEP market (courier, express and parcel shipments) is one of the fastest growing segments of the logistics sector. Its main driving force is digital transformation, in particular high-speed electronic communications and e-commerce activities. The dynamic development of the CEP market i influenced by the growing mobility and the very high popularity of portable devices. Customers are ordering goods and services increasingly often at a place and time that is convenient for them, while expecting a quick order execution. Despite the uncertain economic situation and the war in Ukraine, services provided by local and global operators are quickly becoming popular. Currently, however, we are beginning to observe a slight decline in interest in this industry, which is related, among others, to high inflation and a reduction in the purchasing power of consumers. In Poland, the unfavorable factors related to the development of the industry are mitigated mainly by the geographical location of Poland, cheap and qualified workforce, and increasingly developed transport infrastructure. In this context, the aim of the study is to present the issues raised and the results of research on the functioning and development of the CEP market, using the example of Poland. The study is based on the analysis of various documents and data found in the reports .
Wpływ początku pandemii COVID-19 oraz czynników makroekonomicznych na rentowność przedsiębiorstw z sektora transportowego
Authors: Maciąg Agnieszka
Published: October 2024

Głównym celem artykułu była ocena rentowności przedsiębiorstw transportowych w okresie objętym pierwszym rokiem pandemii COVID-19, a także ustalenie czynników w największym stopniu determinujących rentowność sprzedaży w zależności od gałęzi transportu. W celu ustalenia rentowności branży wykorzystano następujące wskaźniki: rentowności operacyjnej aktywów, rentowności kapitału własnego oraz rentowności netto sprzedaży. Analizą objętą okres zarówno sprzed, jak i w trakcie trwania pandemii, a więc lata 2012–2020, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem 2020 roku jako kluczowego dla okresu pandemicznego. Do przeprowadzenia analiz wykorzystano reprezentatywne dane finansowe obejmujące sektorowe wskaźniki finansowe zgodnie z Polską Klasyfikacją Działalności dla przedsiębiorstw działających w następujących branżach: transport lądowy, transport rurociągowy (PKD 49), transport wodny (PKD 50) oraz transport lotniczy (PKD 51). Dodatkowo uwzględniono wybrane czynniki makroekonomiczne determinujące rentowność sprzedaży w różnych gałęziach transportu. Analizy przeprowadzono w środowisko programu Statystyce 13 z wykorzystaniem macierzy współczynnika korelacji liniowej Pearsona. Jak wynika z przeprowadzonych analiz pandemia COVID-19 w największym stopniu obniżyła rentowność przedsiębiorstw prowadzących działalność w branży lotniczej, a w najmniejszym stopniu przedsiębiorstwa z gałęzi transportu lądowego i rurociągowego. Wśród głównych czynników makroekonomicznych wpływających na wskaźniki rentowności wyodrębniono przeciętny poziom wynagrodzeń w latach 2012–2020. Nie stwierdzono wpływu pozostałych czynników, takich jak: inflacja i wydatki gospodarstw domowych na transport.
Ubezpieczenie jako narzędzie ograniczające ryzyko w działalności rolniczej
Authors: Witkowska Justyna
Published: October 2024

Celem artykułu była identyfikacja ryzyk zagrażających prowadzeniu gospodarstw rolnych i określenie rodzajów ubezpieczeń, które służą ich minimalizowaniu. W publikacji przeanalizowano sytuację na rynku ubezpieczeń rolnych w Polsce w latach 2010–2021 uwzględniając liczbę polis ubezpieczeń obowiązkowych i dobrowolnych rolnych, przypis składki, liczbę i kwotę wypłaconych odszkodowań i świadczeń, potencjał rolniczy Polski (liczbę gospodarstw rolnych oraz powierzchnię użytków rolnych). Dodatkowo przeprowadzono badania ankietowe wśród rolników prowadzących gospodarstwa rolne na terenie województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego oraz województwa mazowieckiego. Badani rolnicy najczęściej korzystają z obowiązkowego ubezpieczenia budynków rolnych oraz dobrowolnego kompleksowego ubezpieczenia mienia w gospodarstwie rolnym. Według ankietowanych ryzykami zagrażającymi prowadzeniu ich działalności są: przymrozki wiosenne i ujemne skutki przezimowania, a najczęściej występującymi: susza i grad.
Real-time monitoring and control of the layer height in laser metal deposition with coaxial wire feeding using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Bernauer Christian , Thiem Sebastian , Garkusha Pawel , Geiger Christian , Zaeh Michael F.
Published: October 2024

Laser metal deposition (LMD) with coaxial wire feeding is an additive manufacturing technology in which a metal wire is fed into a laser-induced melt pool. The repeated deposition of weld beads allows three-dimensional geometries to be created that can be used for manufacturing, repair, and modification of metal components. However, the process is highly sensitive to disturbances because the fed wire must always be fully melted, and no self-regulating effects as in powder-based LMD exist. The layer height is particularly important for process stability, as even small deviations accumulate over many layers and, ultimately, lead to the termination of the process. Therefore, monitoring and closed-loop control of the layer height during the deposition process are crucial. Due to process emissions, an interruption of the process is usually necessary for the accurate optical measurement of the layer height, which negatively affects the overall productivity. In order to overcome this drawback, an in-axis optical coherence tomography (OCT) sensor was employed in this work, which enabled real-time measurements of the layer height. It was found that positioning the OCT measurement spot as close as possible to the center of the wire provided the highest signal quality. Based on the real-time height data, a closed-loop layer height control was implemented, applying the wire feed rate as the manipulated variable. The experimental results showed that the proposed system was able to compensate for significant disturbances, ensuring dimensional accuracy and process stability.
Nytt medium, andre skriftmøte? Skrift som modalitet i fire digitale remedieringar av ei trykt bildebok
Authors: Vadstein Anne Marta Vinsrygg
Published: October 2024

Trykte bildebøker kan remedierast og publiserast digitalt, noko som inneber at dei meiningsberande ressursane, slik som skrifta og bilda, blir tilpassa det nye mediet. Bildebøker er kjende literacyartefaktar (Hamilton, 2000) i barnehagen, og det er derfor relevant å sjå på om digitale remedieringar gir andre føresetnader for barns tidlege møte med skriftspråket enn den trykte boka gir. Studien byggjer på Gunther Kress og Theo Van Leeuwen (1996, 2021) sin teori om informasjonslenking og analyserer skrifta som modalitet i fire ulike digitale variantar av bildeboka En fisk til Luna (Aisato, 2014). Tekststudien viser at dei digitale produsentane gjer tilpassingar som påverkar skrifta si funksjonelle tyngde både i forteljinga og i paratekstane (Genette, 1997): gjennom skriftmarkering, ved å ta vekk skrifta, endre plasseringa og innramming, eller ved å leggje til trykkefelt med ordbilde. Bakgrunnen for studien er at barn får erfaringar med språk og skrift gjennom å delta i sosiale praksisar med tekstar, som til dømes bildebøker (Snow, 2006, ss. 3–4). Studien diskuterer kjenneteikn ved skriftmodaliteten i dei fire ulike digitale versjonane, kva haldningar til skrift som meiningsberande modalitet dei kan vere uttrykk for, og kva for implikasjonar bruken av desse bøkene kan ha for barnehagen. 
ENGLSISH ABSTRACT
New Medium, Different Writing Encounters? Writing as Modality in Four Digital Remediations of a Printed Picture Book
When printed picture books are adapted for digital publication, meaningful resources such as written text and images are modified to fit the new medium. This text study, based on Gunther Kress and Theo Van Leeuwen’s social semiotic theories (1996, 2021), examines the writing modality in four different digital versions of the picture book A Fish for Luna (Aisato, 2014). Children experience language and written texts through participation in literacy practices (Snow, 2006, pp. 3–4), and picture books are recognized as familiar literacy artefacts (Hamilton, 2000) in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). Therefore, it is relevant to discuss whether adapted digital books provide different encounters with the writing modality for the target group than the printed book does. The study shows that the digital producers make adjustments that affect the functional weight of the writing modality in both the narrative and the paratexts (Genette, 1997). These adjustments include marking, removing written text, changing the position and framing, or adding hotspots with word pictures. The study identifies characteristics of the writing modality in the four digital versions and how they express different views on writing as a semiotic resource. It then discusses possible implications for literacy practice in ECEC.
METODOLOGIA DE ANÁLISE DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE EQUIPAMENTOS PÚBLICOS EM UMA CIDADE MÉDIA: ESTUDO DE CASO NO BAIRRO CHAPADA EM PONTA GROSSA
Authors: Madalozzo Nisiane , Gadowski Mariane Aparecida , Staron Gabriel
Published: October 2024

Nas cidades brasileiras, é responsabilidade do Estado garantir a satisfação do direito à cidade para todos os moradores. Uma das principais estratégias para tanto é a correta distribuição de equipamentos públicos na malha urbana. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar se os equipamentos públicos urbanos e comunitários no Bairro Chapada, no Município de Ponta Grossa – PR, estão adequadamente distribuídos no espaço. Para tanto, além da discussão de conceitos como direito à cidade e produção social do espaço urbano, foram feitas análises de dados censitários e de imagens de satélite disponibilizados pelos órgãos de gestão locais. Os dados foram modelados e espacializados por meio do software QGis, sendo produzida como resultado uma tabela resumo com as informações coletadas. A metodologia empregada mostrou-se suficiente para a conclusão de que os equipamentos locais estão adequadamente distribuídos. Contudo, poderiam ser extraídos dados mais completos e pormenorizados se houvessem critérios mais detalhados para o estabelecimento dos raios de alcance ideais para cada tipo de equipamento.
ANÁLISES ANALÍTICAS EM PARÂMETROS DE TECNOLOGIA DOS ALIMENTOS FARMACÊUTICOS
Authors: Costa Fernanda Magalhães da , Duarte Kitanila Araujo , Oliveira Talita Brito de , Lira Wallace de Moura
Published: October 2024

As indústrias alimentícia e farmacêutica são fundamentais para a saúde pública e dependem de rigorosos métodos analíticos para garantir a qualidade e segurança dos seus produtos. Ambos os setores utilizam técnicas como cromatografia, espectroscopia e métodos eletroquímicos para monitorar a composição química, identificar contaminantes e assegurar conformidade regulatória. A convergência dessas técnicas entre os dois setores tem impulsionado inovações que melhoram o controle de qualidade, resultando em produtos mais seguros e eficazes. Este trabalho possui como objetivo analisar as principais técnicas analíticas aplicadas em ambas as indústrias, destacando suas vantagens, desvantagens e o impacto na segurança e eficácia dos produtos. O estudo também explora como a integração dessas metodologias contribui para o desenvolvimento de novos métodos analíticos e a otimização dos processos de produção. As descobertas apontam para a importância de um monitoramento contínuo e a aplicação de técnicas avançadas para enfrentar desafios emergentes, como a detecção de contaminantes e a produção de medicamentos mais seguros. Assim, a análise dessas técnicas analíticas não apenas avança o conhecimento científico, mas também fortalece a qualidade dos produtos oferecidos ao consumidor.
La pregunta por el quién del testimonio. Reflexiones desde la filosofía de la historia sobre una categoría en disputa
Authors: Núñez Poblete Rodrigo , Sagredo Mazuela Omar
Published: October 2024

El presente escrito busca abordar, principalmente desde una perspectiva filosófica, el testimonio de las violaciones a los derechos humanos, buscando problematizar el concepto del “quién” del testimonio. Por una parte, se propone reconocer un “quién” que atraviesa los relatos testimoniales, con el objetivo de problematizar la construcción homogeneizada relativa a la figura del “testigo”. Por otro lado, se discute respecto de la condición relacional del testimonio, en tanto acto que requiere (y busca) un contexto de escucha. Todo lo anterior, se plantea desde la discusión histórico-filosófica acerca de la “singularidad” de la dictadura cívico-militar en Chile, tomando como marco referencial el denominado Historikerstreit de Alemania.
Effect of Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Coconut Water on the Growth of Bucephalandra sp. in Vitro
Authors: Septianingsih Alfira Damayanti , Makhziah Makhziah , Sukendah Sukendah
Published: October 2024

Tissue culture is useful as a way to obtain seeds in large quantities of seedlings in a short time as an effort to preserve Bucephalandra sp. in nature. The use of PGR has problems such as expensive prices and difficult to find, therefore its use can be replaced by natural PGR that are easy to obtain and have relatively cheap prices such as coconut water. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and coconut water on the growth of Bucephalandra sp. in vitro. This research is a 2-factor factorial experiment using a completely randomized design. The factors are concentration of BAP (0; 1; 3; 5 mg/l) and concentration of coconut water (0; 50; 100 ml/l). The results showed Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with the addition of BAP 1 mg/l + coconut water 50 ml/l (4.11 shoots), BAP 5 mg/l + coconut water 50 ml/l (4.33 shoots), and BAP 3 mg/l (6.22 shoots) were able to provide the number of shoots with high results. The addition of coconut water did not affect the growth of Bucephalandra sp. MS media can grow shoots with the best results in measurements of shoot emergence time, number of roots, shoot and root length. Keywords: Aquatic plant, Endemic plant, Plant growth regulators, Tissue culture.