bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Licochalcone-A Combined with Rab23 Gene on Proliferation of Glioma U251 Cells
Authors: Mu Yindong , Dong Jianjiang , Cui Hong , Hu Jiangping , Liang Jun , Yan Lei
Published: April 2022

This research aimed to explore the effect of Licochalcone-A (LCA) combined with Rab23 gene on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma U251 cells through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The glioma U251 cell line was taken as the research object, and the Rab23 overexpression plasmid was constructed. According to the treatment method, U251 cells were rolled into blank control group (BC), Rab23 overexpression plasmid transfection group (Rab23), 25 μmol·L−1 LCA treatment group (LCA), and Rab23 overexpression plasmid transfection combined with 25 μmol·L−1 LCA treatment group (Rab23 + LCA). Subsequently, the ability of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of each group was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, scratch healing test, and Transwell cell invasion test, respectively. Western blot was implemented to detect the expression differences of cell proliferation antigen Ki-67, apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3β), Axin2, and c-myc. The results showed the successful construction of Rab23 overexpression and stable transfection U251 cell line. After grouping and treatments, the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of the Rab23 group, LCA group, and Rab23 + LCA group was substantially reduced relative to BC group (

P
<
0.05

). In addition, the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of Rab23 + LCA group decreased relatively more significantly. The expression levels of Ki-67, Bcl-2, β-catenin, and c-myc in the Rab23, LCA, and Rab23 + LCA groups were greatly lower versus those of BC group. Moreover, the protein expression levels of Bax, GSK3β, and Axin2 were considerably increased (

P
<
0.05

), while the expression of protein in Rab23 + LCA group increased notably. These findings indicate that LCA combined with Rab23 gene can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma U251 cells through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and can promote cell apoptosis.
The Comparison of the Cultural Industry Inheritance Views of Ethnic Groups under Graph-Based Intelligence Analysis and IoT
Authors: Wang Jianlan , Zhao Caihua , Li Zuhua , Ye Ye
Published: April 2022

Culture has largely benefited from the invention and use of the Internet. With the change of society and lifestyle, the culture with its characteristics created by Chinese peoples, especially the traditional culture of some ethnic groups, has gradually disappeared, especially the emergence of the Internet of Things has exacerbated the phenomenon of cultural disappearance. This study investigates the cultural inheritance concepts of Yao junior high school students in the context of the Internet through a questionnaire survey of Yao and Han junior high school students in six dimensions: ethnic quality, family environment, ethnic traditional history, ethnic activities, and ethnic identity. The study found that respondents were generally interested in minority culture, but they lacked effective communication with their elders, and traditional minority culture was not well passed on between the two generations. The study suggests that fathers, as the leading cultural transmitters, should be more open to new things to maintain good communication with their offspring to ensure the effective transmission of traditional minority cultures. Secondly, information building among government departments, families, and schools to inherit and promote traditional culture will effectively promote the transmission of Yao ethnic culture.
Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Osseous Defects Distal to Mandibular Second Molar after Extraction of Impacted Third Molar
Authors: Li Ling-Yu , Chen Jie , Yu Ming , Li Yue-Ling , Zhou Gang
Published: April 2022

Objective. To evaluate the efficiency of low-level laser therapy on the distal osseous defects of the mandibular second molar (M2) after the adjacent impacted third molar (M3) extraction. Methods. A total of 59 clinic cases were screened out, whose M3 were impacted and the distal alveolar bone of M2 had been destroyed horizontally. They were randomly divided into 2 groups based on whether they would have laser irradiation or not after M3 extraction. Then, postoperative complications of the 2 groups were compared. The alveolar bone level distal to M2 was established before and 3 to 6 months after M3 extraction by radiographic evaluation, which was compared between two groups. Results. The incidence of severe pain and mouth-opening limitation was significantly lower in the LLLT group than that in the control group. The amount of bone formation in the LLLT group was higher than that in the control group 3 months after the operation, and the difference was statistically significant. But the difference was not statistically significant 6 months after surgery. Conclusion. LLLT may alleviate postoperative complications and improve early osteogenesis. It is a viable option for use in the treatment of osseous defects distal to mandibular second molars following extraction of impacted third molars.
Personalized Learning Behavior Evaluation Method Based on Deep Neural Network
Authors: Tang Hengyao , Jiang Guosong , Wang Qingdong
Published: April 2022

In recent years, the research on personalized learning under the background of “Internet +” mainly focuses on the theory, design, and application and there is less research on learning evaluation. As an important means to measure the learning process and results, learning assessment plays an important role in supporting the effectiveness of personalized learning. From the perspective of educational services, how to realize learning evaluation that meets the needs of personalized learning is an important issue to be studied in the field of personalized learning. In this paper, the big data generated by learners on the online learning platform are used as the research target, and according to the level of learners’ learning ability, a deep neural network is established to cluster and group them according to the cognitive thinking method. In order to reduce data redundancy and improve processing efficiency, a deep neural network with five hidden layers is used to extract typical features, so as to obtain more accurate evaluation results. Finally, the neural network model is used to obtain the clustering results of different groups of learning behaviors and the evaluation curves of the five-course knowledge points of learners at different levels. From the experimental results, the proposed personalized evaluation method can effectively analyze the learning differences between learners with different ability levels, and it is basically consistent with the evaluation standards of artificial experts.
Identifying Phased Mutations and Complex Rearrangements in Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines through Linked-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing
Authors: Pham Minh-Tam , Gupta Anuj , Gupta Harshath , Vaghasia Ajay , Skaist Alyza , Garrison McKinzie A. , Coulter Jonathan B. , Haffner Michael C. , Zheng S. Lilly , Xu Jianfeng , DeStefano Shields Christina , Isaacs William B. , Wheelan Sarah J. , Nelson William G. , Yegnasubramanian Srinivasan
Published: April 2022

A limited number of cell lines have fueled the majority of preclinical prostate cancer research, but their genomes remain incompletely characterized. Here, we utilized whole-genome linked-read sequencing for comprehensive characterization of phased mutations and rearrangements in the most commonly used cell lines in prostate cancer research including PC3, LNCaP, DU145, CWR22Rv1, VCaP, LAPC4, MDA-PCa-2b, RWPE-1, and four derivative castrate-resistant (CR) cell lines LNCaP_Abl, LNCaP_C42b, VCaP-CR, and LAPC4-CR. Phasing of mutations allowed determination of “gene-level haplotype” to assess whether genes harbored heterozygous mutations in one or both alleles. Phased structural variant analysis allowed identification of complex rearrangement chains consistent with chromothripsis and chromoplexy. In addition, comparison of parental and derivative CR lines revealed previously known and novel genomic alterations associated with the CR phenotype.

Implications:

This study therefore comprehensively characterized phased genomic alterations in the commonly used prostate cancer cell lines, providing a useful resource for future prostate cancer research.
Inhibitor of the Nuclear Transport Protein XPO1 Enhances the Anticancer Efficacy of KRAS G12C Inhibitors in Preclinical Models of KRAS G12C–Mutant Cancers
Authors: Khan Husain Yar , Nagasaka Misako , Li Yiwei , Aboukameel Amro , Uddin Md. Hafiz , Sexton Rachel , Bannoura Sahar , Mzannar Yousef , Al-Hallak Mohammed Najeeb , Kim Steve , Beydoun Rafic , Landesman Yosef , Mamdani Hirva , Uprety Dipesh , Philip Philip A. , Mohammad Ramzi M. , Shields Anthony F. , Azmi Asfar S.
Published: April 2022

The identification of molecules that can bind covalently to KRAS G12C and lock it in an inactive GDP-bound conformation has opened the door to targeting KRAS G12C selectively. These agents have shown promise in preclinical tumor models and clinical trials. FDA has recently granted approval to sotorasib for KRAS G12C–mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, patients receiving these agents as monotherapy generally develop drug resistance over time. This necessitates the development of multi-targeted approaches that can potentially sensitize tumors to KRAS inhibitors. We generated KRAS G12C inhibitor–resistant cell lines and observed that they exhibit sensitivity toward selinexor, a selective inhibitor of nuclear export protein exportin 1 (XPO1), as a single agent. KRAS G12C inhibitors in combination with selinexor suppressed the proliferation of KRAS G12C–mutant cancer cell lines in a synergistic manner. Moreover, combined treatment of selinexor with KRAS G12C inhibitors resulted in enhanced spheroid disintegration, reduction in the number and size of colonies formed by G12C-mutant cancer cells. Mechanistically, the combination of selinexor with KRAS G12C inhibitors suppressed cell growth signaling and downregulated the expression of cell-cycle markers, KRAS and NF-κB as well as increased nuclear accumulation of tumor suppressor protein Rb. In an in vivo KRAS G12C cell-derived xenograft model, oral administration of a combination of selinexor and sotorasib was demonstrated to reduce tumor burden and enhance survival. In conclusion, we have shown that the nuclear transport protein XPO1 inhibitor can enhance the anticancer activity of KRAS G12C inhibitors in preclinical cancer models.

Significance:

In this study, combining nuclear transport inhibitor selinexor with KRAS G12C inhibitors has resulted in potent antitumor effects in preclinical cancer models. This can be an effective combination therapy for patients with cancer that do not respond or develop resistance to KRAS G12C inhibitor treatment.
Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype: A New Association with IgM Paraproteinaemic Neuropathy?
Authors: Lewis Dana M. , Colchester Nancy T.H. , Allen David , Nicoll James A.R. , Katifi Haider A. , Duncombe Andrew S.
Published: April 2022

It is well recognized that B-cell clonal disorders such as Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia may affect the central nervous system by direct infiltration of malignant B cells (Bing-Neel syndrome). However, there is no recognition in the current literature of a clear link between paraproteinaemia and primary brain tumours such as glioma. We present 3 cases of classical IgM paraproteinaemic neuropathy who developed glioblastoma in the course of their illness following treatment with chemoimmunotherapy (CIT). Due to the progressive symptomatic nature of their neuropathy, all 3 patients were treated with CIT. The patients presented with glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype at 9 months, 5 years, and 6 years following treatment completion. None of the patients had unequivocal evidence of known predisposing factors for glioblastoma. Both disorders are exceedingly rare and the chance of random association is less than one in a million. Potential common pathogenic mechanisms include the influence of paraproteins and circulating lymphoplasmacytic cells on blood-brain permeability and CNS immune micro-environment as well as raised circulating angiogenic cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor. In cases with anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) antibodies, surface MAG on glial cells may act as a target releasing cells from growth inhibition. We suggest that all glioblastoma cases be screened at diagnosis for serum paraproteins and that such cases be reported to central registries to establish the frequency of the association more accurately.
A Novel ex vivo Method for Investigating Vascularization of Transplanted Islets
Authors: Dolan Robert , Lampejo Arinola O. , Santini-González Jorge , Hodges Nicholas A. , Phelps Edward A. , Murfee Walter L.
Published: April 2022

Revascularization of transplanted pancreatic islets is critical for survival and treatment of type 1 diabetes. Questions concerning how islets influence local microvascular networks and how networks form connections with islets remain understudied and motivate the need for new models that mimic the complexity of real tissue. Recently, our laboratory established the rat mesentery culture model as a tool to investigate cell dynamics involved in microvascular growth. An advantage is the ability to observe blood vessels, lymphatics, and immune cells. The objective of this study was to establish the rat mesentery tissue culture model as a useful tool to investigate islet tissue integration. DiI-labeled islets were seeded onto adult rat mesentery tissues and cultured for up to 3 days. Live lectin labeling enabled time-lapse observation of vessel growth. During culture, DiI-positive islets remained intact. Radial lectin-positive capillary sprouts with DiI labeling were observed to form from islets and connect to host networks. Lectin-positive vessels from host networks were also seen growing toward islets. PECAM and NG2 labeling confirmed that vessels sprouting from islets contained endothelial cells and pericytes. Our results introduce the rat mesentery culture model as a platform for investigating dynamics associated with the initial revascularization of transplanted islets.
Correlation of Morphological Features of Chromosomal Instability and Flow Cytometric DNA Ploidy Analysis in Aspirates of Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Kaur Harmeet , Handa Uma , Kundu Reetu , Bhagat Ranjeev , Dalal Usha
Published: April 2022

Objective: Morphological indicators of chromosomal instability (CI), including multipolar mitoses, chromatin bridges (CB), strings, nuclear buds (NB), micronuclei (MN), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ploidy analysis help in prognostication of breast carcinoma. The present study was done to evaluate CI in breast carcinoma and correlate with DNA ploidy and tumor grade. Study Design: Fifty cases of carcinoma breast diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology were included. Robinson’s grading method was used on smears to grade breast carcinoma. To assess the morphological features of CI, the best May-Grünwald Giemsa stained smear was chosen. At least 1,000 epithelial cells on oil immersion magnification (×100 objective) were counted. DNA ploidy on the aspirates was done by flow cytometry. Results: All the patients were female, diagnosed as infiltrating ductal carcinoma on cytology. Eight tumors were grade I, 32 were grade II, and 10 were grade III. MN was seen in 48 cases, NB in 45, and CB in 12 cases. Mean MN, NB, and CB scores in aneuploid (24) cases were 9.96 ± 8.42, 5.29 ± 4.71, and 1.08 ± 1.84 while 6.19 ± 6.67, 1.92 ± 1.79, and 0.11 ± 0.33 were seen in diploid (26) cases. Statistically significant positive correlation was observed between CI and DNA ploidy. Conclusions: Morphological evaluation of CI by light microscopy on routinely stained breast aspirates is feasible, although a meticulous search is required. Cytomorphological features of CI and ploidy have a positive correlation with increasing tumor grade.
Subtle Combined Hamartoma of the Retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium Causing Recurrent Exodeviation
Authors: Abramowicz Stéphane , Delvaulx Philippine , Delle Fave Martina Maria , Le Roux Pauline , Buisseret Déborah , Postolache Lavinia
Published: April 2022

A 3-year-old girl presented with recurrent exotropia following primary strabismus surgery. Careful fundus examination of the left eye revealed loss of the foveal reflex and presence of a subtle grayish mass with overlying white fluff. Optical coherence tomography through the lesion revealed disorganization of inner and outer retinal layers with accompanying epiretinal gliosis. Together, these findings were suggestive of combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (CHRRPE). No syndromic association was found. CHRRPE is a rare retinal tumor that usually presents with visual loss, strabismus, or follows an asymptomatic course. Retinal tumors must be kept in mind whenever loss of foveal reflex occurs concurrently with strabismus.
Bone Marrow Carcinomatosis in a Stage IV Breast Cancer Patient Treated by Letrozole as First-Line Endocrine Therapy
Authors: Nakagawa Tsuyoshi , Hayashi Kumiko , Ogawa Ayumi , Oda Goshi , Onishi Iichiro , Yamamoto Masahide , Mori Mio , Fujioka Tomoyuki , Ishikawa Toshiaki , Okamoto Kentaro , Uetake Hiroyuki
Published: April 2022

Bone marrow carcinomatosis (BMC) associated with breast cancer is a rare but often difficult-to-treat condition; we report a case of a female stage IV breast cancer patient in her seventies with BMC that improved with endocrine monotherapy. The patient had hemoglobinopenia and thrombocytopenia at the time of diagnosis. The diagnosis of BMC due to estrogen receptor-positive invasive lobular carcinoma was confirmed. After transfusion of 4 units of concentrated red blood cells, endocrine treatment with letrozole improved the hematopenia. Ten months after the treatment started, bone metastases worsened, so the patient was changed to combination therapy with palbociclib and fulvestrant, after which there was no worsening of the disease.
miR-654-5p suppresses migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting ADAMTS-7
Authors: Li Liu , Wang Shuo , Wang Ming , Liu Gang , Yang Zhiyu , Wang Le
Published: April 2022

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the first leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies need to be explored. Numerous publications reported that microRNA-654-5p (miR-654-5p) had anti-cancer activities in various cancers, and it was proved to modulate cell migration, invasion and proliferation, which played critical roles in CAD. However, its role in CAD is unknown. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the role of miR-654-5p in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) involved in CAD. A total of 25 CAD patients and 19 healthy individuals were enrolled to evaluate their circulating miR-654-5p levels. MiR-654-5p mimic or inhibitor was transfected into human VSMCs to assess its role on cell migration and proliferation. Target genes of miR-654-5p were predicted using TargetScan 7.2, and confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. MiR-654-5p was significantly downregulated in the plasma of CAD patients and tumor necrosis factor-a/platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-stimulated VSMCs. MiR-654-5p mimic inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, which could be promoted by miR-654-5p inhibitor. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-7 (ADAMTS-7) was identified as the direct target of miR-654-5p, whose expression could be induced by miR-654-5p inhibitor and decreased by its mimic. In addition, ADAMTS-7 overexpression blocked the inhibitory effect of miR-654-5p on the migration and proliferation of VSMCs. In summary, miR-654-5p inhibits the migration and proliferation of VSMCs by directly targeting ADAMTS-7, and miR-654-5p might serve as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of CAD.
MFN2 Prevents Neointimal Hyperplasia in Vein Grafts via Destabilizing PFK1
Authors: Tang Yuanjun , Jia Yiting , Fan Linwei , Liu Han , Zhou Yuan , Wang Miao , Liu Yuefeng , Zhu Juanjuan , Pang Wei , Zhou Jing
Published: April 2022

Background:

Mechanical forces play crucial roles in neointimal hyperplasia after vein grafting; yet, our understanding of their influences on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) activation remains rudimentary.

Methods:

A cuff mouse model was used to study vein graft hyperplasia. Fifteen percent to 1 Hz uniaxial cyclic stretch (arterial strain), 5% to 1 Hz uniaxial cyclic stretch or a static condition (venous strain) were applied to the cultured VSMCs. Metabolomics analysis, cell proliferation and migration assays, immunoblotting, co-immunoprecipitation, mutagenesis, pull-down and surface plasmon resonance assays were employed to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms.

Results:

RNA-sequencing in vein grafts and the controls identified changes in metabolic pathways and downregulation of mitochondrial protein MFN2 (mitofusin 2) in the vein grafts. Exposure of VSMCs to 15% stretch resulted in MFN2 downregulation, mitochondrial fragmentation, metabolic shift from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, and cell proliferation and migration, as compared with that to a static condition or 5% stretch. Metabolomics analysis indicated an increased generation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, an intermediate in the glycolytic pathway converted by PFK1 (phosphofructokinase 1) from fructose-6-phosphate, in cells exposed to 15% stretch. Mechanistic study revealed that MFN2 physically interacts through its C-terminus with PFK1. MFN2 knockdown or exposure of cells to 15% stretch promoted stabilization of PFK1, likely through interfering the association between PFK1 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 (E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif [TRIM]-containing protein 21), thus, decreasing the ubiquitin-protease-dependent PFK1 degradation. In addition, study of mechanotransduction utilizing pharmaceutical inhibition indicated that the MFN2 downregulation by 15% stretch was dependent on inactivation of the SP1 (specificity protein 1) and activation of the JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and ROCK (Rho-associated protein kinase). Adenovirus-mediated MFN2 overexpression or pharmaceutical inhibition of PFK1 suppressed the 15% stretch-induced VSMC proliferation and migration and alleviated neointimal hyperplasia in vein grafts.

Conclusions:

MFN2 is a mechanoresponsive protein that interacts with PFK1 to mediate PFK1 degradation and therefore suppresses glycolysis in VSMCs.
Hydraena bahiana sp. n., a new minute moss beetle (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae) from highlands of Northeast Brazil
Authors: BENETTI CESAR J. , VALLADARES LUIS F. , DELGADO JUAN A. , HAMADA NEUSA
Published: April 2022

Hydraena (Hydraenopsis) bahiana sp. nov. is described from Bahia State, Northeast Brazil, based on three specimens collected in pools at the headwater of a stream, 1,705 m. asl. The new species belongs to the Hydraena scintillabella subgroup of the leechi group. Description and diagnostic characters are offered; habitus photographs and line drawings of both male and female genitalia are provided. Habitat and distributional data of the new species are also included.
A Preliminary Examination of Warm Season Precipitation Displacement Errors in the Upper Midwest in the HRRRE and HREF Ensembles
Authors: Kiel Benjamin M. , Gallus William A. , Franz Kristie J. , Erickson Nathan
Published: April 2022

Increased operational use of convection-allowing models and ensembles offers substantial improvements for some aspects of convective weather forecasting; however, errors in quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) from these models, especially those related to incorrect placement of heavy rainfall systems, limit their usefulness as an input into hydrological models. To improve understanding of QPF location errors, this study quantifies the displacement errors for the centroids of both 0–18-h accumulated rainfall and rainfall in the first hour after initiation of precipitation systems in both the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh Ensemble (HRRRE) and the High-Resolution Ensemble Forecast (HREF) for 30 events in the 2018 warm season. Ensemble member QPFs are compared to quantitative precipitation estimates (QPEs) obtained from the North Central River Forecast Center (NCRFC). HRRRE is found to have less spread in centroid locations than HREF, and both HRRRE and HREF 0–18-h QPF accumulations have less spread than the 1-h QPF accumulation when the precipitation event initiates. Furthermore, QPF centroids are most often displaced to the west in HRRRE for both 0–18-h QPF accumulation and the 1-h QPF accumulation when the precipitation event initiates. The 0–18-h QPF accumulation displacement errors can be reduced when adjustments are made to the forecasted position based upon displacement errors present in the first hour of precipitation, but only when the adjustments are a function of the intercardinal quadrant in which the initial hour QPF centroid was displaced.
When the Good Object is also a Thief: A Memoir of Adoption
Authors: Guittard Jennifer
Published: April 2022

This contemporary Kleinian memoir explores the possible existence of an intrapsychic, adoption-specific preoedipal triad including child, birth mother, and adoptive mother that can shape the emerging mind. As an intrapsychic construct, the adoption triad comes to exist in the infantile mind, requiring that adoptees contend with four additional part-object maternal representations: a villain (bad birth mother), a victim (good birth mother), a rescuer (good adoptive other), and a thief (bad adoptive mother). The psychic complexities of this possible adoption triad are explored, with an eye to how it might illuminate the psychosocial challenges experienced by some adoptees, including dysregulated behavior, rage, dissociation, and shame. To this end, Bion’s ideas regarding presymbolic, nondefensive communication and Winnicott’s understanding of use of the object are invoked. Expanding the preoedipal paradigm of adoption to include the possibility of an intrapsychic, adoption-specific maternal triad can enhance our understanding of the psychology of adoption, as well as highlight the need to consider the ways in which internal objects can exist simultaneously in both dyadic and triadic paradigms.
The Psychoanalytic Study of Suicide, Part I: An Integration of Contemporary Theory and Research
Authors: Schechter Mark , Goldblatt Mark J. , Ronningstam Elsa , Herbstman Benjamin
Published: April 2022

Psychodynamic psychotherapy has an important role in suicide prevention. The psychoanalytic study of suicide has taught us a great deal about the human experience and the process of suicidality. There is also much to be learned from other fields of study and from empirical research that can be integrated into psychoanalytic therapies. Central to the psychoanalytic approach to suicide has been understanding the patient’s internal subjective experience of unbearable emotional or psychic pain and the urgent need for relief. Emotional pain can include intense affects such as shame, humiliation, self-hate, and rage. Factors that can increase vulnerability to suicidal states include problems with early attunement, dissociation and deficits in bodily love and protection, conscious and unconscious fantasy, and certain character traits and dynamics. Empirical research has confirmed many basic psychoanalytic concepts about suicide, including escape from unbearable pain as the primary driver of suicidal behavior, the role of dissociation in increasing risk of bodily attack, and the importance of unconscious processes. Further research into implicit processes and their role in the suicidal process holds potential to improve suicide risk assessment and to enhance psychotherapy by bringing otherwise inaccessible material into the treatment.
A Comparative Analysis of Hospital Triage Systems in the Geriatric Adult Trauma Patients: A Quality Improvement Pilot Study
Authors: Saberian Sepehr M. , Chester Daniel J. , Udobi Kahdi F. , Childs Ed W. , Danner Omar K. , Sola Richard
Published: April 2022

Background

The objective of our study is to compare the predicted hospital admission disposition based on the level of risk as determined by the modified Trauma-Specific Frailty Index (mTSFI) score with those determined by arbitrary decisions made based on the Emergency Severity Index (ESI) severity level.

Methods

We surveyed 100 trauma patients ages 50 and older, admitted to a level 1 trauma center between April 2019 and July 2019. We retrospectively reviewed the hospital admission disposition of each patient under the ESI, which was then compared to the mTSFI-predicted hospital admission disposition. The mTSFI scores were calculated by surveying each patient. Statistical analysis was performed to identify any statistical significance of concordance and discordance when comparing the mTSFI and ESI.

Results

The average age was 57.6 ± 4.2 years old in the non-geriatric group vs 76.3 ± 7.3 years old in the geriatric group. There was a male predominance in both groups (61% vs 69.5%). The mTSFI identified a higher percentage of triage discordance in the non-geriatric group (73%) compared to the geriatric cohort (53%) (95% difference CI, [39.6-40], P = .05).

Discussion

Non-geriatric patients have higher recorded rate of frailty than previously recognized and screening should begin at age 50, not 65. The mTSFI may be an effective tool to appropriately triage adult trauma patients at increased risk due to frailty and may reduce in-hospital complications.
Vascular Surgery Research in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Sex-Based Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Ma Xiya , Vervoort Dominique , Babar Maryam Salma , Luc Jessica GY , Drudi Laura M
Published: April 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted vascular surgery services globally and its impact on researchers has illustrated disproportionate barriers for female researchers. We assessed the pandemic’s consequences on bibliometric trends in vascular surgery and vascular medicine throughout the pandemic.

Methods

A scoping review was performed using the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and EMBASE databases from January to December 2020 to identify articles related to COVID-19 and vascular surgery or vascular medicine. Articles only describing cardiac or neurovascular care were excluded. The scoping review was performed according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Bibliometric data were extracted and analyzed.

Results

Four hundred and fourteen articles were identified, including 125 (30.2%) original articles, 42 (10.1%) review papers, 105 (25.4%) case reports, 27 (6.5%) editorials and commentaries, 94 (22.7%) letters and correspondences, and 21 (5.1%) conference abstracts. The 5 most common countries of study or discussion were all high-income countries. English was the predominant (n = 393, 94.9%) language. Funding was reported for 5.1% (n = 21) of articles. In the first 6 months, 17.6% (n = 30) of first authors and 10.6% (n = 18) of last authors were female, while the last 6 months saw an increase in representation to 30.6% (n = 74) and 15.6% (n = 38) for first and last author, respectively.

Conclusion

The pandemic caused a rapid surge in vascular publications related to COVID-19. Female authors remain underrepresented in vascular research and the share in female authorship has dropped early in the pandemic, but rose after the end of the first wave. High-income countries remain overrepresented in research productivity, alluding to important disparities in COVID-19-related literature.
Serum Albumin to Creatinine Ratio and Short-Term Clinical Outcomes in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Turkyilmaz Erdem , Ozkalayci Flora , Birdal Oğuzhan , Karagoz Ali , Tanboga Ibrahim H. , Tanalp Ali Cevat , Oduncu Vecih
Published: April 2022

There is a lack of evidence regarding the short-term predictive value of serum albumin to creatinine ratio (sACR) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aims to investigate the relationship between sACR and short-term outcomes in these patients. We retrospectively enrolled 3057 patients with STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) (median age was 58 years, and 74.3% were male). In-hospital mortality occurred in 114 (3.7%) patients. Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) was reported in 381 (12.4%) patients. During a 30-day follow-up, stent thrombosis (ST) occurred in 28 (.9%) patients and 30-day death in 147 (4.8%) patients. Multivariable logistic regression analysis reported that sACR was inversely associated with 30-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): .51, 95% confidence interval (CI) .31–.82, P < .001). The sACR was also inversely associated with in-hospital mortality (aOR: .71, 95% CI .56–.90, P = .009), CIN (aOR: .60, 95% CI .52–.68, P < .001), congestive heart failure (CHF) (aOR: .64, 95% CI .47–.87, P = .007), and ST (aOR .61, 95% CI .41–.92, P = .001) at 30 days. Our findings suggest that sACR is inversely associated with short-term clinical outcomes in patients with STEMI after PCI.
Age Alone Is Not a Barrier to Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Advanced Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Sexton Gerard P. , Walsh Paul , Moriarty Frank , O’Neill James Paul
Published: April 2022

Background:

Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially when high stage disease is present. There exists a range of options for the management of locoregionally advanced HNC, though doubt remains as to the optimal strategy in the elderly population.

Aims:

To evaluate the benefits imparted by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) to the elderly population of HNC patients in Ireland.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted using 20 years of cancer registry data provided by the National Cancer Registry of Ireland. Cox multivariate regression analysis was applied to test for the benefits of CCRT in HNC.

Results:

Survival analysis showed an overall benefit to the use of CCRT in patients with advanced disease over 70 years, particularly when used for hypopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and laryngeal malignancy. There was a benefit to cancer-specific but not all-cause mortality in those over 75 years, and no benefit was observed to the addition of chemotherapy in those over 80 years; only 8 patients over 80 received CCRT. There was no statistically significant difference in the benefits derived by those over 70 years relative to those under 70 years.

Conclusion:

CCRT confers significant survival benefits to appropriately selected elderly HNC patients and should therefore not be withheld solely on the basis of age.
Late Retropharyngeal and Parapharyngeal Abscess in Patients with a History of Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: Bivona Louis , Williamson Adrian , Emery Sanford E. , Stokes William A.
Published: April 2022

Objective:

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is a common procedure performed by spine surgeons with rare complications and high treatment success. Late presentation of retropharyngeal abscess in patients with a history of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is rare but can have devastating consequences. There is a paucity of data to guide medical and surgical management of retropharyngeal abscess in these patients.

Methods:

We discuss 7 patients who presented to our institution with a late retropharyngeal abscess after having a history of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. A review and description of the current literature regarding treatment and outcomes is described.

Results:

Seven patients presented to our institution with a retropharyngeal abscess ranging from 10 months to 7 years after undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. All patients received at least a 6-week course of appropriate intravenous antibiotics. Only one patient had their initial ACDF instrumentation removed at the time of presentation for the abscess. Four out of the 7 patients were treated with irrigation and debridement in addition to intravenous antibiotics, whereas 3 patients were treated with no surgery and intravenous antibiotics alone. All patients were asymptomatic at final follow up.

Conclusions:

Late retropharyngeal abscess after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is a rare complication. Surgical management should be considered along with long term antibiotics. Removal of implants may not be necessary for infection resolution. Antibiotic treatment alone may be indicated for patients who are not septic, do not have airway compromise, or and can be considered for poor surgical candidates.
Effect of pumice stone and pearlite abrasives characteristics on denim abrasion
Authors: Elaissi Arwa , Alibi Hamza , Ghith Adel
Published: April 2022

The manufacture of abrasives based on waste grains of pumice stones and pearlites represents the aim of this work is to minimize both the cost of the product and to recover industrial waste that harms the environment. We also used a non-woven based on cellulosic fibers as reinforcement and three types of resins (polyurethane, acrylic, and polyester). Obtaining these products is designed by two processes (by spraying and by coating). The effect of the manufacturing process, the type and size of the grains on the abrasive wear of denim fabrics, the material removal rate (MRR), and the surface morphologies obtained were quantitatively evaluated. A chemical analysis (FTIR) and a thermal analysis were carried out (ATG/DSC). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to see the appearance of these grains and measure their diameter. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP/MS) analyses show that pumice grains contain more calcium atoms than pearlite grains. The different abrasion grains were compared according to their polishing effect. We note that the abrasive manufacturing process, type, and size of abrasive particles affect the MRR. Pumice grits allow for deeper polishing compared to other grits.
Failure properties of flexible composite under trouser-shaped tests
Authors: Zhipeng Qu , Yongfeng Li , Longbin Liu
Published: April 2022

The failure properties of trouser-shaped tests on flexible composite called Uretek-3216LV were studied by experiment and theory. Based on the failure mechanical behavior of the trouser-type tests, theoretical model of the three stages (displacement, fiber stretching, and fiber breaking) were established. In the model, a spring system including the tail, tear del, and the fiber elongation is introduced to characterize the mechanical behavior of the displacement stage and the fiber stretching stages. Based on the strain wave model, the failure model of fiber breaking stage is established. Based on the trouser tearing tests and failure model, the trouser-shaped failure performance of flexible composites was analyzed in detail.
Dual Functions of MDP Monomer with De- and Remineralizing Ability
Authors: Zheng H. , Shi Y. , Bi L. , Zhang Z. , Zhou Z. , Shao C. , Cui D. , Cheng X. , Tang R. , Pan H. , Wu Z. , Fu B.
Published: April 2022

Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) has been speculated to induce mineralization, but there has been no convincing evidence of its ability to induce intrafibrillar mineralization. Polymers play a critical role in biomimetic mineralization as stabilizers/inducers of amorphous precursors. Hence, MDP-induced biomimetic mineralization without polymer additives has not been fully verified or elucidated. By combining 3-dimensional stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy, surface zeta potentials, contact angle measurements, inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with circular dichroism, we show that amphiphilic MDP can not only demineralize dentin by releasing protons as an acidic functional monomer but also infiltrate collagen fibrils (including dentin collagen), unwind the triple helical structure by breaking hydrogen bonds, and finally immobilize within collagen. MDP-bound collagen functions as a huge collagenous phosphoprotein (HCPP), in contrast to chemical phosphorylation modifications. HCPP can induce biomimetic mineralization itself without polymer additives by alternatively attracting calcium and phosphate through electrostatic attraction. Therefore, we herein propose the dual functions of amphiphilic MDP monomer with de- and remineralizing ability. MDP in the free state can demineralize dentin substrates by releasing protons, whereas MDP in the collagen-bound state as HCPP can induce intrafibrillar mineralization. The dual functions of MDP monomer with de- and remineralization properties might create a new epoch in adhesive dentistry and preventive dentistry.
Interrelationships of Touch and Proprioception with Motor Impairments in Individuals with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Santana Camila A. S. , dos Santos Mariana M. , de Campos Ana Carolina
Published: April 2022

Considering that somatosensory impairments may impact motor performance in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP), a better understanding of these relations is relevant to planning interventions. To synthesize research evidence to date on the interrelationships between the somatosensory functions of touch and proprioception with motor functions in persons with CP, we systematically searched Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Medline databases for studies relating these variables that were published in English from the inception of these databases to November 2020. We targeted the following content categories in our literature search: (a) cerebral palsy; (b) sensory functions; (c) tactile functions; (d) proprioception functions; and (e) motor functions. The selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment of these studies were performed in duplicate. We retrieved and analyzed information regarding the studies’ methodological approaches and synthesized results. The 11 studies that met our inclusion criteria showed that, in individuals with CP, impairments in tactile discrimination, proprioception, and stereognosis are related to motor functions in terms of overall manual ability, grip strength, postural control and locomotion. Thus, clinical practitioners should attend to somatosensory aspects of motor impairment in individuals with CP. More research is needed to clarify the direction of these associations.
Exploring the Relationship Between Engagement in Enriching Early-Life Activities During Adolescence and Cognition in Later-Life: Results From the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Crane Breanna M. , Bandeen-Roche Karen , Carlson Michelle C.
Published: April 2022

The cognitive benefits associated with mid- to late-life engagement have been demonstrated in several studies. However, the link between engagement in enriching early-life activities (EELAs) during adolescence and later-life cognition has been relatively unexplored in major epidemiological studies. We examined the EELA-cognition relationship in a nationally representative sample of adults aged 50+. A subset of Health and Retirement Study respondents ( n=3482) completed cognitive tests and returned a retrospective early-life activity inventory. Linear regression models analyzed the EELA-cognition relationship, and multiple imputation addressed missingness. Each additional EELA was associated with a 0.36 point higher cognitive score (95% CI: 0.24, 0.47). This relationship remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders (B=0.16; 95% CI: [0.06, 0.26]). EELA engagement was associated with better later-life cognitive performance. This study is understood to be the first to examine the EELA-cognition relationship using a large, nationally representative dataset. The findings highlight the importance of early-life engagement during an important developmental period (e.g., adolescence).
Politics and corona lockdown regulations in 35 highly advanced democracies: The first wave
Authors: Jahn Detlef
Published: April 2022

This article gives an initial overview of the explanatory power of established approaches in comparative political science of various lockdown strategies in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic in 35 democracies. In a macro-comparative statistical analysis of the first wave of the pandemic, I test partisan and veto player theories. I distinguish two phases of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, which show distinct patterns of political impacts. In the first phase of implementing lockdown strategies, central governments were relatively uncontested and partisan theory has strong explanatory power. In the second phase of lifting lockdowns, party differences lose relevance, but veto players have a strong influence during this time. The analysis shows that political science theories are useful for analysing political processes not only under normal conditions but also in extreme social crises. Moreover, it provides deeper insights into the democratic decision-making process of advanced democracies in exceptional situations.
Degenerative Myelopathy and Neuropathy in NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) Mice Caused by Lactate Dehydrogenase–Elevating Virus (LDV)
Authors: Yang P. , Freeman Z. T. , Dysko R. C. , Hoenerhoff M. J.
Published: April 2022

Following implantation of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) breast carcinomas from three separate individuals, 33/51 female NOD. Cg-Prkdc scid Il2rg tm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mice presented with progressive, unilateral to bilateral, ascending hindlimb paresis to paralysis. Mice were mildly dehydrated, in thin to poor body condition, with reduced to absent hindlimb withdrawal reflex and deep pain sensation. Microscopically, there was variable axonal swelling, vacuolation, and dilation of myelin sheaths within the ventral spinal cord and spinal nerve roots of the thoracolumbar and sacral spinal cord, as well as within corresponding sciatic nerves. Results of PCR screening of PDX samples obtained at necropsy and pooled environmental swabs from the racks housing affected animals were positive for lactate dehydrogenase–elevating virus (LDV). LDV is transmitted through animal-animal contact or commonly as a contaminant of biologic materials of mouse origin. Infection is associated with progressive degenerative myelopathy and neuropathy in strains of mice harboring endogenous retrovirus (AKR, C58), or in immunosuppressed strains (NOD-SCID, Foxn1nu), and can interfere with normal immune responses and alter engraftment and growth of xenograft tumors in immunosuppressed mice. This is the first reported series of LDV-induced poliomyelitis in NSG mice and should be recognized as a potentially significant confounder to biomedical studies utilizing immunodeficient xenograft models.