bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dialect Variations the Enrichment of Standard Igbo Language: A Linguistic Study
Authors: Dom-Anyanwu  , Benjamin F.C Nwokedi  , Eneremadu Queen Esther Chioma
Published: December 2023

Historically, many languages of the world evolved their standard forms through centralized control or political unity. Considering the decentralized natured of the Igbo unity, the dream evolving a standard form through much means, remains a mirage and unrealistic. Therefore, Igbo scholars are forced with the task of achieved this goal, we must used what we have to get what we want. In other words, we cannot enrich the evolving standard Igbo by using the dialectal variants in the language. Igbo dialectal variation and the dialect variants as synonyms, with comparative study of five dialects: Owerri, oguuta, Afikpo, Nnewi and Ngwa (ibeme) at the phonological, morphological and syntactic levels. The paper discuss the standard Igbo vis-a- vis dialects and meta-language as the tool for its enrichment which consist of the effect of dialectal variation, including the conclusion and recommendations made that rather than being a conclusive linguistic study on dialectal variation for the enrichment of standard Igbo, would serve as a stimulus for further intensive researches.
Assessment of Levels of Selected Heavy Metals in Borehole Water in Zuru Metropolis, Kebbi State Nigeria
Authors: Adamu Zubairu Utono  , Usman Rufai Fakai  , Aliyu Garba  , Basiru Muhammad Suru
Published: December 2023

This paper assesses certain heavy metal concentrations in borehole water within Zuru Metropolis, Kebbi State. Utilizing rigorous sampling and analytical methods, the study aims to provide insights into the potential health risks associated with heavy metal exposure in the local water supply. Twenty different borehole water samples were assessed for Zn, Pb, Hg, Mn, Cr and Cd levels (mg/l). The results revealed that only few boreholes water samples had concentration levels of heavy metals that are not within WHO recommended levels. While chromium and cadmium levels are below detection limits .The findings contribute to the understanding of water quality in the region, offering valuable information for public health interventions and water management strategies.
Proximate, Phytochemical Analysis and Pharmacological Profile of Cassia Torra Native to Zuru Town, Kebbi State Nigeria
Authors: Garba Aliyu , Usman Rufai  Fakai
Published: December 2023

Cassia tora, is commonly found in Nigeria, it’s annual shrub which grows in a wild land. The plant and its different parts are used for their nutritional and medicinal purposes. In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate nutritional contents, phytochemical analysis and medicainal evaluation of Cassia tora. The crude powder extracts of the leaves of the plants were taken for the study. The phytochemical Screening was done for the selected plants.  Phytochemistry of the plant reveals that Cassia tora contains anthraquinones, protein, carbohydrates, saponins, glycosides, fixed oils and fats. Several chemical contents such asnaphthopyrone glycosides, flavonoids, glycosides, anthraquinone, etc. have beenseparated from this plant. The plants has been found to have hepatoprotective, antigenotoxic, antipsoriatic, antinociceptive, immunostimulatory, anticancerous, antifeedant, larvicidal, antiproliferative, hypolipidemic, antimutagenic activity. It also has a property of mild laxative and diuretics so can be used in constipation, dyspepsia and flatulence. Its decoction is used for healing and washing of wounds.
Legal Protection for Citizens Affected by Waste Disposal of PT. Rayon Utama Makmur
Authors: Pratiwi Alya Citra Cahya , Hartiwiningsih
Published: December 2023

It started with residents' concerns who felt that the smell was not fresh, which tended to be rotten every day, which came from the waste produced by PT. Rayon Utama Makmur (PT. RUM). This unrest then gave rise to a movement from local residents to demand the dismissal of PT. Rayon Utama Makmur (PT. RUM). These demands led to quite a long road until the residents were furious and put up a blockade to close the entrance to PT. Rayon Utama Makmur (PT. RUM). Then the next action was that the residents also met with the local Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) in the hope of resolving the problem. Not only that, residents have also met the Regent of Sukoharjo to demand the dismissal of PT. Rayon Utama Makmur (PT. RUM). This research was conducted by examining Law no. 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management as partially amended by Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning Stipulation of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation (UU No. 32/2009 in conjunction with Law No. 6/ 2023) as the legal basis for this policy. While the regulations clearly regulate them, in reality they cannot provide justice to the victims of criminalization of environmental activists. The author hopes to be able to provide an in-depth understanding regarding the policies that have been regulated in this Law and to be able to provide input regarding law enforcement in handling environmental cases in Indonesia.
Reconstruction of the Concept of Restorative Justice of the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia
Authors: Suryoningrat Heksa Koes Raharjo Bambang Sasmoyo , Rustamaji Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Restorative justice is basically an approach to criminal law that contains a number of traditional values. This is based on two indicators, namely the values on which it is based and the mechanisms it offers. This is the basis for considering why the existence of restorative justice is being taken into account again. The existence of this approach is perhaps as old as criminal law itself. Apart from imprisonment which has consequences for the prisoner's family, the current system is seen as not providing relief or healing to the victims. Moreover, the legal process takes a long time. In contrast, in the restorative model the emphasis is on conflict resolution. This idea of Restorative Justice has also been accommodated in the Criminal Code Bill, namely the introduction of an alternative criminal system in the form of social work sentences and supervision sentences. So that in the end, Restorative Justice pays attention simultaneously to the interests of crime victims, crime perpetrators and society.
Literacy as a Strategy for Improving the Quality of Education
Authors: Dewi Anita Candra , Ichsan Muhammad Farichul , Munandar Isra Agustina Al , Laele Muhammad Afdhal , Hajar Nurwahyuni , Mira
Published: December 2023

This research aims to provide an understanding of the important role literacy plays in the world of education for the progress of students for the nation and state. Literacy exists and is provided from an early age as a means to increase students' knowledge so that education becomes much better. The type of research used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The data collection technique used by the author is literature study. Literacy provides many benefits, improving the quality of human resources for educational progress.
Legal Position and Rights to Sue Community Citizens in Onrechtmatige Overheidsdaad Disputes, Post the Entrance of Law No 30 of 2014 Concerning Government Administration
Authors: Andriana Desmilia Eka , Fadli Moh. , Negara Tunggul Anshari Setia , Permadi Iwan
Published: December 2023

UU no. 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration explicitly states that it is possible for Government Officials to be tested by the PTUN. This is of course in order to create good government. This research is normative juridical legal research. This research will analyze the legal position and right to sue the community regarding the Onrechtmatige Overheidsdaad dispute. The research results concluded three things; First, the public has sufficient requirements to file a lawsuit because the legal position and right to sue are regulated in the Decree of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Number 36/KMA/SK/II/2013, Law Number 5 of 1986 concerning Administrative Justice, and others. Second, UUAP No. 30 2014 also explicitly states that the government is prohibited from abusing its authority and the PTUN has the authority to decide whether there are elements of abuse of authority. This means that Law Number 30 of 2014 provides space for the public to file a lawsuit. The three definitions of 'Community Citizens' in UUAP No. 30 2014 must be changed after the publication of PERMA Number 01 of 2023 concerning Guidelines for Adjudicating Environmental Cases.
Effect of Adapted Physical Activity in Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: The APACaP GERCOR Randomized Trial
Authors: Neuzillet Cindy , Bouché Olivier , Tournigand Christophe , Chibaudel Benoist , Bauguion Lucile , Bengrine-Lefevre Leïla , Lopez-Trabada Ataz Daniel , Mabro May , Metges Jean-Philippe , Péré-Vergé Denis , Conroy Thierry , Lièvre Astrid , Andre Morgan , Desseigne Françoise , Goldwasser François , Henriques Julie , Anota Amélie , Hammel Pascal
Published: December 2023

Background: The impact of adapted physical activity (APA) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (aPDAC) is unknown. This study evaluated whether APA in addition to standard care improved HRQoL in patients who have aPDAC who are receiving first-line chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: Patients with locally advanced/metastatic PDAC and an ECOG performance status of 0 to 2 were randomized (1:1) to receive standard care (standard arm) or standard care plus a home-based 16-week APA program (APA arm). The primary objective was the effect of the APA program on 3 dimensions of the EORTC QLQ-C30: global health status, physical function, and fatigue at week 16 (W16), with a one-sided type I error of 0.017 for each dimension. The primary HRQoL analysis was performed in patients with available baseline and W16 scores for the dimensions (ie, the modified intention-to-treat population 1 [mITT1]), and secondary longitudinal HRQoL analyses using the mixed model for repeated measures (MMRM) and time until definitive deterioration (TUDD) methods were performed in the mITT1 population and in patients with baseline and at least one follow-up questionnaire (mITT2 population). A difference of ≥5 points was considered to be clinically relevant. Results: Of 326 included patients, 313 were randomized to the standard (n=157) or APA (n=156) arms. In the mITT1 population (n=172), the mean differences in global health status, physical function, and fatigue at W16 adjusted from baseline were −0.98 (SD, 23.9; P=.39), −2.08 (SD, 21.3; P=.26), and 4.16 (SD, 29.2; P=.17), respectively, showing a non–statistically significant benefit with APA. In the mITT2 population (n=259), APA was associated with statistically significant and clinically relevant improvement in 5 and 8 dimensions of the HRQoL in the longitudinal MMRM and TUDD analyses, respectively. Conclusions: APA improved several dimensions of HRQoL in patients with aPDAC receiving first-line chemotherapy and standard care.
The Effect of Anxiety on Intraoperative and Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Dermatologic Surgery: Learn to Manage
Authors: Gualdi Giulio , Loda Alessia , Andreassi Andrea , Francesco Tomasini Carlo , Ariasi Cesare , Giorgini Chiara , Ciuluvica Neagu Cristina , De Piano Ernesto , Saracino Francesca , Gualdi Giulio , Volontè Martina , Amerio Paolo , Calzavara-Pinton Piergiacomo , Rubegni Pietro , Bighetti Stefano
Published: December 2023

Background: Dermatological surgery has a primary role in dermatologists' daily practice and is usually performed under local anesthesia. This approach required particular attention in patient management before, after, and especially during the surgical procedures. Many people experience anxiety and negative emotions when approaching surgery, and how they feel before surgery affects outcomes after surgery. Objective: The main goals of the present research were to measure and describe anxiety and pain in dermatologic surgery patients and to investigate the anxiety prediction power in predicting surgical pain. Anxiety has been considered at two different moments: before the surgery (preoperative anxiety) and immediately after (postoperative anxiety). Intraoperative as well as postoperative pain have been assessed. The relationships between these two main variables and other factors, including demographics, skin disease history, and vital signs, have been analyzed. Results: The first data concerns the number of patients who experienced preoperative clinical anxiety, which is equal to 150 (29.4%) and has been reduced to 74 (14.5%) regarding postoperative anxiety. Preoperative anxiety, but not postoperative anxiety, significantly contributes to pain prediction. Occupation and previous tumor surgery resulted the main factors associated with preoperative anxiety in intraoperative pain prediction. Diastolic blood pressure, patient occupation, and previous tumor surgery were associated with preoperative anxiety in predicting postoperative pain. Conclusion: Detecting anxiety pre and post-surgery in patients and knowing its relation with pain may allow corrective or palliative measures since anti-inflammatory medication may increase the risk of postoperative bleeding and complications. Patients with features linked to pain perception variation require increased attention to pain management.
Innovación TIC en los Planes de Estudio de las Menciones de Música en los Grados de Educación en España
Authors: Montoya Rubio Juan Carlos , López Núñez Norberto , López Núñez Alba María
Published: December 2023

This research proposes an approach to the curricula of the degrees of education, in order to verify the level of use of technological resources (both information technology and audiovisual techniques) in the mentions related to music education to determine, on the one hand, if it is appropriate and, on the other hand, to what extent its empowerment can lead to global benefits for music pedagogy. The methodology used combines a quantitative study, analysing the mention subjects of 39 Spanish public universities teaching programmes, with an interpretative approach, trying to postulate, according to the literature on ICT in music, a model of change that guides university practices towards comprehensive education through teaching innovation.    Understanding the difficulty of optimizing the low academic load resulting from the process of adapting the old degrees to new ones, the results point the deficit in the use of technology in the major subjects of most Spanish universities. In this sense, the possibility of enhancing the virtues of music teaching in its connection with students through technological resources is discussed, in order to project this type of knowledge towards a society like the current one, which requires a treatment closer to non-formal musical practices.

Esta investigación plantea una aproximación a los planes de estudio de los grados en educación para constatar el nivel de uso de los recursos tecnológicos (tanto informáticos como audiovisuales) en las menciones vinculadas a la educación musical, con el fin de determinar, por un lado, si es adecuado y, por otro, hasta qué punto su potenciación puede revertir en beneficios globales para la pedagogía musical. La metodología utilizada combina un estudio cuantitativo, analizando los planes de estudios de las asignaturas de mención vinculadas a la música de 39 universidades públicas españolas, con un enfoque descriptivo e interpretativo, ya que se recogen datos cuantitativos que se pretenden interpretar, no solo describir, sirviendo como un modelo de cambio que oriente las prácticas universitarias hacia la educación integral a través de la innovación docente. Conscientes de la dificultad de optimizar la escasa carga lectiva resultante del proceso de adaptación de las antiguas diplomaturas a los actuales grados, los resultados observados apuntan al déficit en cuanto al uso de las tecnologías en las asignaturas de mención de la mayoría de las universidades españolas. En este sentido, se discute la posibilidad de potenciar las virtudes de la enseñanza de la música en su conexión con el alumnado a través de recursos tecnológicos, con el fin de proyectar este tipo de conocimientos hacia una sociedad como la actual, la cual requiere un trato más cercano a prácticas musicales no formales.
Hacia la Posthistoria
Authors: Rivera Olguin Patricio , Fabregat Peredo Mario
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo escenifica a la disciplina histórica enfrentada a un problema crucial: el de los propios hechos que analiza y el por qué analizarlos. Lo anterior, debido a que la realidad ha llevado a desestructurar la concepción del tiempo, como se entendía tradicionalmente. En este sentido, la linealidad y la coherencia de los hechos históricos, se desconfiguró en medio de una sociedad que "memoriza el olvido" y tiene al tiempo presente en función del futuro, por lo tanto, el pasado se devalúa permanentemente. La realidad humana está llena de hechos, pero hoy en día éstos tienden más bien a consumirse que a vivirse, generando un permanente olvido. Entonces, existe una inserción dentro de un contexto en el que la realidad se desvincula permanentemente de las ideologías, que eran la expresión de un tiempo de estructuras sólidas y estables. En base a ello, varios autores plantean el concepto de una modernidad líquida, inestable, donde la vida se desfondó y se desarrolló una "huelga de acontecimientos", por lo que el tiempo marcado por la ideología –como se vivió gran parte del siglo XX- ha dado paso al imperialismo de lo administrativo y al mundo de la implementación técnica, lo que lleva a estructurar una historia que no necesita ser pensada, sino que implementada y gestionada en base a los resultados, en base a la ideología del mercado.
ANALISIS KERUSAKAN JALAN DENGAN METODE PCIDAN BINA MARGA JALAN NAGARI KOTO KACIAK KABUPATEN PASAMAN
Authors: Kartika Sari Dian , Yermadona Helga , Dewi Selpa
Published: December 2023

Roads are land transportation infrastructure that has a very important role in the land transportation sector that supports the continuity of the distribution of goods and services to encourage economic growth in an area. Good road conditions will facilitate community activities, if there is road damage, community activities will be hindered so that accidents can occur. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of damage and the pavement index value for Nagari Koto Kaciak road, Pasaman Regency, so that it could compare the value of the condition of the Nagari Koto Kaciak road, Pasaman Regency based on two predetermined methods. The method used is the PCI (Pavement Condition Index) method and the Bina Marga method. Assessment of road conditions in the PCI method is ranked from 0-100 while the Bina Marga method is based on the order of road priority with a value range of 0-7. Types of damage found on Nagari Koto Kaciak road, Pasaman Regency along a length of 2 km, included holes, crocodile skin cracks, patches, block cracks and side cracks. In the PCI method the average value obtained is 66.31 which is a good road condition. In the Bina Marga method, the priority order value is 6, meaning that the road is under periodic maintenance. After comparing the results of the research on the condition of the Nagari Koto Kaciak road, Pasaman Regency with the two methods, it turns out that the results and values are almost the same, namely the condition of the road is still in good condition but requires maintenance so as not to worsen road conditions.
ANALISIS KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS PADA RUAS JALAN KINALI-SIMPANG EMPAT PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Daniati Sisra , Kurniawan Deddy , Bastian Elfani
Published: December 2023

The Kinali-Simpang Empat road in Kabupaten Pasaman Barat has a fairly high accident rate with a length   23 Km and an effective width of   7 m. This analysis is used to determine the characteristic of accidents and the factors that cause traffic accident. The method used in this analysis is the AEK (Accident Equivalent Rate) method and the correlation test using SPSS. Based on the results of the analysis, there is the highest number of each characteristic namely based on the type of victim as many as 91 victims with minor injuries category, based on the day 41 cases that occurred on Sunday, based on the time of the incident 141 cases of accidents that occurred at 06.00 – 19.00, based on the type of vehicle involved 169 cases with the type of motorcycle vehicle, based on the age of the suspect and victim 83 cases with an age range of 16-30 years, based on the type of accident what happened 71 cases with front-to-front collision type accident, based on the location of the accident 59 cases with locations in Rimbo Tampoeroeng, and for the main factor causing the accident 104 cases with the drive category. Efforts to prevent traffic accident are to provide traffic education and strict sanctions on road user who violate traffic regulations.
ontwikkeling en implementatie van de netwerkaanpak voor kinderen met overgewicht en obesitas
Authors: Koetsier Leandra
Published: December 2023

In deze proefschriftbespreking wordt het onderzoek naar de ontwikkeling van de aanpak Kind naar Gezonder Gewicht uitgelicht. En wat centrale zorgverleners (een rol die wordt vervuld door JGZ professionals) nodig hebben om hun rol goed uit te kunnen voeren. De ondersteuning en zorg voor kinderen met overgewicht en obesitas en hun gezin moet namelijk passender.Met al deze inzichten krijgen de professionals, de gemeentes en de projectleiders handvaten om lokaal de implementatie te bevorderen en hoeven we niet allemaal opnieuw het wiel uit te vinden.
Zrcadlový rám s erbem ze sbírky Sklářského muzea v Nové Boru – restaurování, technologický průzkum a materiálová analýza
Authors: Tesařová Lucie , Rydlová Eva , Kopecká Ivana
Published: December 2023

V příspěvku je popsán průzkum a restaurování zrcadlového rámu tvořeného fazetovanými skleněnými díly zdobenými ornamen- tální rytinou a pokovenými cínovým amalgámem. Uprostřed rámu se nachází opálová deska s erbem rodu Escher vom Luchs malovaným emaily a zlatem. V horní části rámu je vsazená tabulka s rytinou symbo- lického znaku zdobená technikou podmalby na skle. Rytina je vykrytá plátkovým zlatem a stříbrem s pozadím tvořeným barevnými laky. Značně poškozený předmět byl rozebrán, všechny skleněné díly sejmuty z rámu, zachovalé zrcadlové díly konzervovány. Šest chybějí- cích zrcadlových dílů bylo rekonstruováno a nově vyrobeno. Tabulka se znakem vyžadovala náročný zásah, jehož součástí byl rovněž mate- riálový průzkum terpenické vrstvy technikami molekulární spektrosko- pie – FTIR spektrometrií a mikro Ramanovou spektrometrií.
As Missões Técnicas Aeronáuticas Brasileiras (MTAB) como instrumento da diplomacia: o caso da MTAB-Paraguai na promoção da Base Industrial de Defesa (2018-2020)
Authors: Rodrigues Antônio , Freixo Álvaro , Queiroz Fábio
Published: December 2023

O artigo buscou analisar a atuação das Missões Técnicas Aeronáuticas Brasileiras (MTAB) como instrumento da diplomacia na promoção da Base Industrial de Defesa utilizando para tanto, como universo de pesquisa, a MTAB-Paraguai entre os anos de 2018 e 2020. Para a coleta de dados, foi feita pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, realizadas entrevistas e aplicado questionário semiestruturado a integrantes da Missão, empresas do campo aeronáutico e autoridades paraguaias. As inferências obtidas permitiram verificar uma adequação da MTAB aos conceitos da diplomacia de Defesa na construção de um ambiente de confiança, na promoção de visitas e treinamento e no suporte aos contratos de negócios de produtos de defesa, seja por meio de apoio às empresas, seja na participação em assinaturas de acordos internacionais. Dessa maneira, foi possível inferir do estudo a hipótese de que o suporte de uma MTAB aos contratos de produtos de defesa tem o potencial de maximizar oportunidades às indústrias do campo aeronáutico, sendo a integração de ações do Ministério das Relações Exteriores e do Ministério da Defesa um ponto crítico de potencialização das capacidades dessa organização.
DEVELOPMENT OF ANIMATION-BASED MEDIA USING THE SWISHMAX APPLICATION ON OBJECT MOVEMENT MATERIALS FOR CLASS 4 STUDENTS OF STATE 25 GELUMBANG PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Zulakromi  , Dessy Wardiah  , Aldo Pratama
Published: December 2023

This development research aims to produce animation-based media with swishmax applicationsthat are valid and practical for grade 4 elementary schools. This study uses development researchor research and development. In this study the number of subjects was 22 students. This mediawas developed using the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages, namely Analysis, Design,Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection was carried out with documentation, validation questionnaire sheets, and student response questionnaire sheets. thisresearch produces animation-based media with the swishmax application which is a learningmedia in the form of animated image media. The data analysis technique is carried out byanalyzing validity using a validation questionnaire sheet addressed to experts, and analyzingpracticality using a student response questionnaire. The results of data analysis of animationbased media development with the swishmax application on the material motion of objects carried out and developed by researchers are categorized as very valid from the validation questionnaire sheet with an average of 92%, animation-based media with the swishmax application on the material motion of objects developed is categorized as very practical from the aspect of teacher response with an average of 91.7% and small group questionnaire sheets in trials with an average value of 93.45%. Based on the results of validation and trials, it is concluded that this animationbased media with the swishmax application is suitable for use in the learning process.
Análisis de coste-consecuencia de rosuvastatina frente a atorvastatina en el contexto español
Authors: Mata Pedro , Cortés Xavier , Martí Ignasi , Saborit Canals Guillem , Pomares Elisenda
Published: December 2023

Contexto: Lahipercolesterolemia es uno de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular (CV) modificables. Las estatinas son los medicamentos más usados para reducir los niveles de colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de baja densidad (cLDL). El objetivo de este estudio es determinar las dosis equipotentes de atorvastatina y rosuvastatina en monoterapia, y estimar el impacto económico derivado de la sustitución terapéutica en pacientes con riesgo CV alto o muy alto en España.
Métodos: Se desarrolló un modelo de coste-consecuencia con un horizonte temporal de 3 años desde la perspectiva del Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS) español. Se incluyeron pacientes ≥18 años, diagnosticados con hipercolesterolemia familiar heterocigota (HFHe) o hipercolesterolemia no familiar o poligénica (no-HF) tratados con rosuvastatina y atorvastatina en monoterapia. A partir de los datos clínicos publicados del Registro de dislipidemia de la Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), se estimaron las dosis equipotentes, definidas como dosis con reducciones de cLDL similares. Se consideraron exclusivamente los costes farmacológicos (€, 2021). Se modelizó la sustitución del uso actual de atorvastatina por rosuvastatina (5%, 10% y 20%, respectivamente). Se incluyeron 5 análisis de subgrupos representando diferentes comunidades autónomas (Andalucía, Cataluña, Galicia, Madrid y Valencia).
Resultados: En pacientes con HeFH, las dosis equivalentes fueron atorvastatina de 40 mg con rosuvastatina de 10 mg (reducción cLDL: atorvastatina 42,3% vs. rosuvastatina 42,1%), y atorvastatina de 80 mg con rosuvastatina de 20 mg (48,1% vs. 46,4%). La sustitución terapéutica resultó en ahorros potenciales de hasta 186.409 € y 131.550 € en 3 años, respectivamente. En pacientes con no-HF, las dosis equivalentes fueron atorvastatina de 40 mg y de 80 mg con rosuvastatina de 20 mg (49,6% and 51,8% vs. 50,9%). Esta sustitución terapéutica puede generar ahorros de hasta 453.001 € en 3 años. En el análisis de subpoblaciones, Andalucía, Cataluña y Madrid fueron las regiones donde se observaron mayores ahorros de costes.
Conclusiones: La sustitución terapéutica de dosis equipotentes de atorvastatina por rosuvastatina en pacientes con HeHF y no-HF puede generar ahorros de costes para el SNS español, mientras se mantienen los efectos clínicos esperados en términos de la reducción de cLDL.
Palabras clave: coste-consecuencia, hipercolesterolemia, rosuvastatina, equipotencia, sustitución terapéutica.
Impacto económico del tratamiento del cáncer de próstata metastásico y no metastásico en España
Authors: Mateo Ródenas Marta , Cañete Vinuesa María , Anguita Alonso Paloma , Landeira Guerrero Margarita , Cózar Olmo José Manuel , Rubio-Rodriguez Darío , Rubio-Terrés Carlos
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Estimar el coste del tratamiento temprano del cáncer de próstata (CP) no metastásico, en comparación con el tratamiento tardío del CP metastásico, desde la perspectiva del Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS) español.
Métodos: Modelo de Markov probabilístico (simulación de Monte Carlo de segundo orden) con cuatro estados de la enfermedad: CP hormonosensible no metastásico (CPHSnm) y metastásico (CPHSm), CP resistente a la castración no metastásico (CPRCnm) y metastásico (CPRCm). Las probabilidades de transición entre los estados se obtuvieron de un registro de pacientes suecos con CP (N=1.869) que analizó el tiempo de permanencia de los pacientes en los diferentes estados, así como el tiempo de supervivencia. El uso de los recursos sanitarios asociados a cada estado (consultas, ingresos, pruebas, monitorización, cirugía, fármacos, quimioterapia) y los costes unitarios (€ 2021) de los recursos, se obtuvieron de fuentes españolas.
Resultados: El coste por paciente y año del manejo del CPHSnm [media (8.145€); mínimo-máximo (7.684€ - 8.503€)] es inferior al del CPHSm [media (10.398€); mínimo-máximo (10.063€ - 10.637€)] con una reducción media del coste que ascendería a 2.253€ [mínimo-máximo (2.134€ - 2.378€)]. Del mismo modo, el coste por paciente y año del manejo del CPRCnm [media (9.298€; mínimo-máximo (8.349€ - 9.629€)) es inferior al del CPRCm de [media (11.249€; mínimo-máximo 10.597€ - 11.650€); obteniéndose una reducción media del coste de 2.021€ [mínimo-máximo (1.950; 2.249€)].
Conclusiones: Según el presente modelo, el coste del manejo del CP es inferior en los pacientes sin metástasis, tanto hormonosensibles como resistentes a la castración.
Palabras clave: cáncer de próstata resistente a la castración; coste; cáncer de próstata hormonosensible; metastásico; no metastásico.
FILIP LIÇO 1915-2011
Authors: Verli Marenglen
Published: December 2023

Më datë 29 maj të vitit 2011 u nda nga jetastudiuesi i njohur Filip Liço.Filip Liço lindi në nëntor të vitit 1915 nëfshatin Derviçan të Dropullit të rrethit tëGjirokastrës. Katër klasët e fillores i kreu nëvendlindje, ndërsa 3 klasët më lart për përfundimine 7-vjeçares në Vostinë të krahinës së Pogonit.Shkollën e mesme me 5 klasë e vijoi në normalen eVellas së Janinës.Në shtator të vitit 1936 me përfundimin eNormales u emërua mësues në fshatin e tijDerviçan. Për pesë vjet ishte mësues i greqishtes nëminoritetin grek. Në prill të 1941 u emërua mësues në fshatin (Moshoci) tëPogonit.
KONFLIKTI SHQIPTARO-SOVJETIK NË OPTIKËN E FQINJËVE TË SHQIPËRISË
Authors: Kaba Hamit
Published: December 2023

Marrëdhëniet shqiptaro-sovjetike filluan të ndryshojnë pas vdekjes së Stalinit, ndërsa pas Kongresit XX të PKBS u shtuan mosmarrëveshjet, të cilat u shoqëruan me acarime, që arritën kulmin me ndërprerjen e marrëdhënieve diplomatike në dhjetor 1961. Pavarësisht nga një lloj konformizmi sipërfaqësor me politikën e Hrushovit, udhëheqja komuniste e Shqipërisë ishte e pakënaqur nga vendimet kryesore të Kongresit XX. Politika e Hrushovit duke pasur në qendër të saj, luftën kundër kultit të individit, ngarkonte me faj edhe stalinistët e tjerë, duke përfshirë edhe Enver Hoxhën e Mehmet Shehun-dy liderët kryesorë të udhëheqjes shqiptare. Rreziku i ndryshimit të udhëheqjes së lartë të Shqipërisë mund të binte sidomos mbi kreun e saj, Enver Hoxhën. Në këtë mënyrë, përveç arsyeve të tjera, vendimet e Kongresit XX të PKBS, kishin një motiv të fortë personal për t’u kundërshtuar nga Enver Hoxha-frikën e largimit të tij të detyruar nga udhëheqja e PPSH. Një arsye tjetër ishte edhe politika e afrimit të BRSS me Jugosllavinë dhe e rishikimit të marrëdhënieve me Titon, duke parë në perspektivë mundësinë e rikthimit të saj, në bllokun e vendeve komuniste. Kjo politikë do të rëndonte mbi Enver Hoxhën dhe udhëheqjen e lartë të Shqipërisë, e cila kishte qenë në vijën e parë të kundërshtimit ndaj tij, pas vitit 1948.
DR. ZIHNI HASKAJ (1937-2011)
Authors: Kaba Hamit
Published: December 2023

Më 6 tetor 2011, pas një sëmundje të rëndë unda nga jeta kolegu ynë, historiani Zihni Haskaj.Dr. Haskaj lindi në Dragot të Tepelenës më 4qershor 1937. Arsimimin e ulët e kreu në Tepelenë,në shkollën 7 vjeçare të këtij qyteti. Studimetuniversitare për gjuhë-letërsi gjermane i filloi nëLaipcig të Republikës Demokratike Gjermane, përtë vazhduar më pas në Universitetin e Tiranës, nëdegën gjuhë-histori.
SITUATA POLITIKE NË SHQIPËRI (qershor – dhjetor 1943)
Authors: Dezhgiu Muharrem
Published: December 2023

Në gjysmën e dytë të vitit 1943 gjendja politike ushtarake epushtuesit italian në Shqipëri, karakterizohej nga një krizë e gjithanshme,e cila kishte përfshirë të gjitha shtresat dhe forcat politike shqiptare.Rritja e qëndresës dhe rezistencës së shqiptarëve kundër pushtuesit, ikishte imponuar këtij të fundit, shtimin e dhunës ndaj shqiptarëve, simjetin e vetëm për t’i nënshtruar. Situata e krijuar në ballafaqimin eshqiptarëve me pushtuesin, kishte çuar në kompaktësimin e shqiptarëvenë një front antiitalian. Në këtë kuadër edhe forcat politike të rezistencësshqiptare, po shkonin drejt një bashkëpunimi midis tyre, për të realizuardetyrën themelore, të çlirimit të vendit. Por, pikërisht në këto rrethana tëfavorshme për luftën kundër pushtuesit, situata politike mori një drejtimqë minoi bashkimin e shqiptarëve drejt një qëllimi të vetëm - çlirimin evendit.Shqyrtimi i ngjarjeve e proceseve historike në 6-mujorin e dytë tëvitit 1943, përbën dhe objektin e këtij shkrimi.
NGA PRESIDENCA NË MONARKI: ÇËSHTJE TË LEGJITIMITETIT
Authors: Duka VALENTINA
Published: December 2023

Kalimi i Shqipërisë në sistemin monarkik të qeverisjes, në vjeshtë të 1928-ës, ishte në fakt kalim në një sistem më afër tradicionales dhe më të pranueshëm për shqiptarët, se sa sistemi republikan. Mbështetës i kësaj filozofie, Faik Konica, në gusht të 1928, duke lobuar për Zogun mbret në radhët e diasporës shqiptare të Amerikës, shprehej:“Përgjithësisht, në të tridhjet-e-tre vjet përvojtjesh, s’kam hasur pothuajse asnjë i cili të ketë qënë republikan. Për shëmbëll, këtu në Amerikë, në më të shumtat shtëpi që kam vizituar kam parë fytyrën e Prins Wied–it; dhe një bandë muzike, që tani nuk është më, kish emrin “Banda e Mbretëreshës Sofi”. Veçan intellektualët, ose të veqojturit ashtu, më janë çfaqur n’Itali, n’Austri dhe gjetkë, monarqistë të tërbuar. Tregomëni një “intellektual”, dhe jam gati të ju jap emrat e kandidatëve që ay ka përkrahur për fronin e Shqipërisë”... “Sa për mua personalisht, siç kam thënë dhe shkruar shumë herë në kohët e shkuara te “Dielli” dhe gjetkë, jam i mendjes se forma s’ka aqë rëndësi sa njerëzit. Ka republika të liga dhe të mira. Ka monarqi të liga dhe të mira”.
NDARJE TË TRISHTUARA
Authors: Lalaj Ana
Published: December 2023

Më 1990, rënë e pa rënë ende sistemi komunist në Shqipëri, në përpjekjet më të para për të lëvizur drejt botës, mësuam se disa nga individët e atëhershëm publikë kishin mundur të rivendosnin kontaktet e ndërprera për 30 vjet me ish-gratë dhe fëmijët e tyre, më të shumtët në vendet e Lindjes e sidomos në ish-Republikat Sovjetike. Historitë që kemi dëgjuar me këtë rast, nga më të ndryshmet, kanë të përbashkët ndjenjën e dhembjes dhe mallit të gjatë jo vetëm midis bashkëshortëve të hershëm, po sidomos midis baballarëve që u ndanë me fëmijët ende të vegjël dhe fëmijëve që fytyrën e të atit e kishin vetëm në fotografi. Sot, sigurisht, gjithkush prej nesh është në gjendje të vlerësojë traumat e këtyre familjeve, pasojë e divorceve të dhunshme; është në gjendje po ashtu ta kuadrojë gjithë sa ka ndodhur brenda një drame më të gjerë të luftës klasore, që përshiu familjen shqiptare në vitet e komunizmit. Por, edhe për shkak të hapësirës së trajtimit, më duhet t’u shmangem historive të qëmtuara dhe vështrimeve emocionale, për ta parë të përbashkëtën e familjeve: shtetas shqiptarë dhe shtetas të huaj, si një proces dhe dukuri që gjithsesi ka një kohë dhe hapësirë të vetën, mbështetje dhe kufizime ligjore, por dhe mbivendosje të politikës, lëshime dhe shtrëngesa të kësaj të fundit, deri në ndërhyrjet më të skajshme. Shkurt, një proces i lexueshëm në kontekstet e kohës.
ADEM MEZINI: “SHEKULLI XX”, Shtëpia botuese EXSTRA-R, Tiranë 2011, 349 f.
Authors: Kaba Hamit
Published: December 2023

Libri më i fundit i shkruar nga prof. dr. Adem Mezini i vjen lexuesit, pasdisa shkrimeve dhe botimeve të tjera të suksesshme të viteve të fundit, kumaterializohet më së miri përvoja e tij e gjatë si pedagog në fakultete tëndryshme të Universitetit të Tiranës, me mendimin e pjekur, si një studiues imirëkualifikuar dhe njohës shumë i mirë i historisë moderne evropiane ebotërore.Botimi përfshin një numër ligjëratash të zgjedhura për historinë politikebotërore, duke mos lënë jashtë trajtimit edhe Shqipërinë e periudhës totalitare etranzicionit. Libri fokusohet kryesisht tek zhvillimet politike më të rëndësishmetë shekullit XX, por nuk ngelen jashtë trajtimeve edhe ngjarje të mëdhahistorike të periudhave paraardhëse dhe më të fundit, që i përkasin fillimshekullit XXI.
Considerations of Judges in Making Decisions on a Case
Authors: Sandra Gustika
Published: December 2023

This study aims to understand and find out how the application of material criminal law is decided. The research method uses a case approach and analyzes the data descriptively, which is then given conclusions and suggestions related to the title. regarding the judge's decision that is in accordance with applicable legal regulations, namely the existence of valid evidence. The existence of consideration by the Panel of Judges in the trial when making a decision has given a sense of justice to all parties, and the judge must have confidence in the existence of legal facts that have been revealed and produce a decision that has permanent legal force and does not conflict with Pancasila as the source of all law.
Juridical Review Of The Criminal Action Of Forgery Signature In Making Land Certificate
Authors: Dasmawati Andi , Hartawati Hartawati , Sandra Gustika
Published: December 2023

This study aims to understand and find out how the material criminal law applies to falsification of land certificates in case No.286/Pid.B/PN.Wtp. as well as to understand and know the judge's considerations in deciding the case on the decision on Case No. 286/Pid.B/2021/PN.Wtp. This research was conducted in Bone Regency by selecting Class 1A Watampone District Court Agencies which had sufficiently relevant data regarding the title to be studied. Using a research method with a case approach and analyzing data descriptively which is then given conclusions and suggestions related to the title. The research results obtained that the Public Prosecutor's indictment has been fulfilled in a subsidiary manner and has clearly described the identity of the defendant accompanied by the actions that have been committed by the defendant.
The Old Believers of Burytia in the 1920s and 1950s: Transformations of the Way of Life
Authors: Khomyakov Sergei Vasil'evich
Published: December 2023

The subject of the research in the article is the problem of transformational modification of various aspects of the life of the Old Believers of Buryatia in the 1920s and 1950s. The object of the study is the Old Believer population of the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR (since 1958 – the Buryat ASSR). Based on the purpose of a comparative analysis of the transformations of the Old Believers' lifestyle in the 1920s and 1950s, this article examines such aspects of the topic as: characterization of examples of both negative and positive processes for preserving identity (atheistic campaign, introduction of communist ideology, cultural modernization) in designated time periods, as well as the attitude of generations of the 1920s and 1950s to these processes, which allows us to show the evolution of various social practices. The historical-genetic method used to consider a social group at different time intervals is necessary to demonstrate changes in the lifestyle of Old Believers in the 1920s and 1950s. The comparative historical method was needed when comparing the contribution of the Soviet government and internal movements among the Old Believers in the process of the decline of religious identity. Atheistic propaganda, as well as the communist ideology introduced among the Old Believers, were the main channels for the group's incorporation into the unified Soviet society that had been under construction since the 1920s. By the 1950s, based on the stable potential of the cultural identity of the Old Believers (even with the decline of the religious one), these tools gradually adapted in the form of a set of formal instructions and recommendations, which in turn led to the transformation of the way of life of the Old Believers in the context of mutual adaptation to reality (socially approved behavior). The novelty of the study lies in the fact that personal memories of Old Believers of the 1920s and 1950s (from the village of Nadezhino, Tarbagatai district of Buryatia) are introduced into scientific circulation, allowing to compare the real attitude of people to the processes taking place with the official market position of the designated period.
Some aspects of the formation of a new international legal consciousness
Authors: Paramuzova Ol'ga Gennad'evna
Published: December 2023

The present research is aimed at studying the problems of increasing the authority of universal international law through the formation and implementation of new international legal values in real life, as well as through the modernization of international regional and universal legal awareness. Within the framework of this article, some aspects of interaction and mutual influence of universal and regional (on the example of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)) international legal systems have been considered; attention has also been paid to the issues of mutual influence of such elements of these systems as the modernizing regional legal consciousness (on the example of the SCO) and universal international legal consciousness. The author identified, in particular, the following research objectives: to identify the key features of the SCO legal system; to assess the importance of regional legal awareness within the SCO as a component and factor in the development of the SCO legal system; to identify the characteristic features of mutual influence and interaction of the regional legal system of the SCO and the universal legal system of international law. Within the framework of this study, using the content analysis method, the features of interaction and mutual influence of universal and regional international legal systems are revealed, the features of modern regional legal awareness are established on the example of the SCO. The comparative analysis made it possible to assess the prospects for further codification of the norms of international law in relation to the object of research. The existing and continuing development of regional legal awareness within the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization can serve as one of the guidelines for the modernization of universal international legal awareness and increasing the effectiveness of general international law. The author comes to the conclusion that in the context of modern threats and threats to international peace and security in the 21st century, it should be of particular importance to increase the authority of international law by updating international legal awareness with qualitatively new content. The author sees the use of the experience of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as one of the promising and objectively justified options for such modernization, the success of the functioning of the law enforcement mechanism within the SCO allows us to assume the possibility of borrowing the positive experience of the SCO in this area to increase the effectiveness of general universal international law.
Research on pressure transmission and sealing performance of pyrophyllite in a cubic large chamber static high-pressure device
Authors: Tian Yi , Du Ming-Hao , Zhang Jia-Wei , He Duan-Wei ,   Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
Published: December 2023

Owing to the need for a hydrostatic high-pressure cubic large cavity (hexahedral top) press used in high-pressure research and production of superhard material, two kinds of pyrophyllite powder compacts (A and B) from pyrophyllite mine in South Africa are prepared, and compared with the domestic yellow pyrophyllite powder compacts (Mentougou, Beijing) produced by the same process, to establish experimental methods and physical criteria for evaluating the pressure transmission and sealing performance of pyrophyllite. During the experiment, standard pressure materials such as Bi, Tl, and Ba are used to in-situ calibrate the pressure at the central positions and sealing edges of the pyrophyllite pressure chambers from the three aforementioned compacts under normal pressure conditions. Additionally, the silver melting point method is employed to obtain the corresponding relationship between chamber pressure at high temperature and system loading when using these three types of pyrophyllite as load-transmitting sealing materials. The results show that under the same hydraulic pressure loading, the difference in pressure at the central position between South African pyrophyllite B powder blocks and domestically produced pyrophyllite powder blocks does not exceed 0.1 GPa. Furthermore, in pressurization process and depressurization processe, the differences in pressure between the central position and the sealing edge of the pyrophyllite blocks are notably similar. Compared with South African pyrophyllite A powder blocks, pyrophyllite B powder blocks exhibit a closer resemblance to domestically produced pyrophyllite powder blocks in terms of high-temperature load transmission and sealing performance. Pyrophyllite B powder blocks from South Africa have the potential to serve as a substitute for domestically produced pyrophyllite without changing the existing superhard material synthesis process, making them promising candidates for use as load-transmitting media and sealing materials. These research findings hold significant academic importance in the realms of high-pressure research and superhard material production. They provide valuable insights into the selection of suitable transmission and sealing materials and the optimization of high-pressure experimental conditions. Additionally, this study presents robust method and criteria for experimental procedures and performance assessment.