bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EG-VEGF Maternal levels predict spontaneous preterm birth in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy
Authors: Raia-Barjat Tiphaine , CHAULEUR Céline , Collet Constance , Rancon Florence , Hoffmann Pascale , Desseux Morgane , Lemaitre Nicolas , Benharouga Mohamed , Giraud Antoine , Alfaidy Nadia
Published: May 2023

Background:
Prediction of spontaneous preterm birth in asymptomatic women remains a great challenge for the public health system. The aim of the study was to determine the informational value of EG-VEGF circulating levels in pregnant women at high risk for prediction of spontaneous preterm birth in the second and third trimesters.
Methods:
A prospective multicenter cohort study including 200 pregnant patients with five-serum sampling per patient.
Results:
Women with spontaneous preterm birth have higher concentrations of serum EG-VEGF than uncomplicated patients at 24 weeks, 28 weeks and 32 weeks (p= 0.03, 0.02 and <0.001). The areas under the curve reached 0.9 with 100% sensibility at 32 weeks for the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth.
Conclusions:
Serum EG-VEGF concentrations could be considered as a reliable biomarker of spontaneous preterm birth in high-risk pregnant women.
Analysis of the substrate nature on the strength of a single-lap joint
Authors: Houari Amine , Madani Kouider , Ajrami Mohamed El , Belhouari Mohamed , Campilho Raul .D.S.G.
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, the adhesive bonding process takes an important place in several industrial fields, especially in aeronautics. Given its advantages over other conventional mechanical processes, this process is being extended to be applied in composite materials and, in recent years, more particularly in the bonding of functional graded materials (FGM). Current research aims to optimize the mechanical properties of the substrates and the adhesive to minimize stress concentrations in the adhesive joint, which is the weak link of the structure. The present work analyzes, by the finite element method (FEM), the mechanical behavior of a single-lap joint with varying nature of the substrates. The analysis takes into account the variation of stresses in the adhesive of a bonded joint of different types (metal/metal, composite/composite, FGM/metal, FGM/FGM). On the other hand, an attempt has been made to introduce an adhesive with graded mechanical properties made up of two types to ensure efficient joining and reduce stress concentrations at the bond edges. The introduction of the FGM substrate mechanical properties is done using a USDFLD subroutine implemented in the ABAQUS computer code. Different damage approaches were used for the adhesive, namely the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) and cohesive zone models (CZM) techniques. The effect of the mechanical properties of the substrates and adhesive were considered. The results show clearly that the value of the different stresses can be reduced if the mechanical properties of the substrates are optimized. On the other hand, the different techniques used to model the bonded joint converge towards the same results, emphasizing the agreement of the load-displacement curves with the experimental test, and the variation of the stresses according to the lap length with analysis by analytical models.
Effects of preheating and slow cooling stages in small-scale resistance spot welding of the Ti-2Al-1Mn alloy
Authors: Butsykin Sergei , Slobodyan Mikhail , Strelkova Irina , Klimenov Vasiliy , Elkin Maxim , Gordynets Anton , Kiselev Alexey
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study was to improve the controllability of the resistance spot welding process for parts with a thickness of 0.5 mm from the Ti-2%Al-1%Mn alloy. It was found that the weld lobe was within the ranges of current amplitudes from 3.3 up to 4.8 kA and pulse durations from 8 up to 16 ms. After applying such parameters, nuggets were characterized by acceptable diameters without expulsions in most cases. The preheating stage (a preliminary pulse with an amplitude of about 1 kA and a duration of 3–4 ms) had a positive effect on the stability of the mechanical properties of the joints. Upon solidification, a decrease in the cooling rate (by a prolonged down slope) also slightly improved them, despite the absence of fundamental variations in the microstructure and phase composition of the nuggets. The supposed reason was a reduction of residual stresses. The reported data can be used as a basis for developing similar welding procedures for various parts of comparable thicknesses from other titanium-based alloys, taking into account the ratio of their physical properties, dimensions and deployed equipment.
Thermodynamic behavior of the system water/D-Sucrose/ NH4H2PO4 at 298.15 K, and salting-out of NH4H2PO4 on D-Sucrose Solutions
Authors: fadel W. El , Hantati S. El , Nour Z. , Dinane A. , Samaouali A. , Brahim MESSNAOUI
Published: May 2023

The hygrometric method is used to determine new thermodynamic data on water activity and saturated aqueous solution of the water/D-Sucrose/ Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate (ADP) system in a wide range of NH4H2PO4 molality, ranging from 0.1 to 3 mol.kg− 1, and for various D-Sucrose contents from 0. to 4 mol.kg− 1. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the solid state. The Pitzer Simonson-Clegg model (PSC) is used to fit the experimental data of osmotic coefficient obtained from water activities data. The predicted saturated aqueous solutions, with the PSC model, are in good agreement with experimental data. For the concentration inferior to 1 mol.kg− 1, the negative deviation from ideality was shown with increasing the ADP concentrations. The estimated values of the activity coefficient of D-Sucrose, activity coefficient of ADP, and the Gibbs energy of transfer of ADP from water to mixture (water /D-Sucrose) show that both ADP and D-Sucrose exert significant salting-out effects on the aqueous solution.
A Mutant Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase-Based toolkit to assess induced-Mesenchymal Stromal Cell secretome in mixed-culture disease models
Authors: Burgess Jeremy D. , Amerna Danilyn , Norton Emily S. , Parsons Tammee M. , III. Ralph B. Perkerson , Faroqi Ayman H. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Cazares Hugo Guerrero , Kanekiyo Takahisa , Delenclos Marion , McLean Pamela J.
Published: May 2023

Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have a dynamic secretome that plays a critical role in tissue repair and regeneration. However, studying the MSC secretome in mixed-culture disease models remains challenging. This study aimed to develop a mutant methionyl-tRNA synthetase-based toolkit (MetRSL274G) to selectively profile secreted proteins from MSCs in mixed-culture systems and demonstrate its potential for investigating MSC responses to pathological stimulation.Methods We used CRISPR/Cas9 homology-directed repair to stably integrate MetRSL274G into cells, enabling the incorporation of the non-canonical amino acid, azidonorleucine (ANL), and facilitating selective protein isolation using click chemistry. MetRSL274G was integrated into both in H4 cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for a series of proof-of-concept studies. Following iPSC differentiation into induced-MSCs, we validated their identity and co-cultured MetRSL274G-expressing iMSCs with naïve or lipopolysaccharide- (LPS) treated THP-1 cells. We then profiled the iMSC secretome using antibody arrays.Results Our results showed successful integration of MetRSL274G into targeted cells, allowing specific isolation of proteins from mixed-culture environments. We also demonstrated that the secretome of MetRSL274G-expressing iMSCs can be differentiated from that of THP-1 cells in co-culture, and is altered when co-cultured with LPS-treated THP-1 cells compared to naïve THP-1 cells.Conclusions The MetRSL274G-based toolkit we have generated enables selective profiling of the MSC secretome in mixed-culture disease models. This approach has broad applications for examining not only MSC responses to models of pathological conditions, but any other cell type that can be differentiated from iPSCs. This can potentially reveal novel MSC-mediated repair mechanisms and advancing our understanding of tissue regeneration processes.
Factors Associated with Financial Toxicity in Patients with Breast Cancer in Japan: A Comparison of Patient and Physician Perspectives
Authors: Saeki Sumito , Iwatani Tsuguo , Kitano Atsuko , Sakurai Naomi , Tanabe Yuko , Yamauchi Chikako , Igarashi Ataru , Kajimoto Yusuke , Kuba Sayaka , Hara Fumikata , Sagara Yasuaki , Ohno Shinji
Published: May 2023

Background Patients with breast cancer are generally younger than those with other types of cancer. Their treatment often lasts for longer period, leading to increased costs and indirect burdens such as managing adverse events. Financial toxicity (FT) is a significant concern for patients with breast cancer worldwide, and the lack of medical cost information support in the United States is a notable issue. However, the situation regarding FT in Japan has not been well explored. Parallel with other related studies, this study aimed to examine FT in patients with breast cancer in Japan and present an overview of the group study’s overall findings.Methods The survey utilized the Questant application and primarily targeted patients with breast cancer attending research facilities and physicians who are Japanese Breast Cancer Society members. The Japanese version of the Comprehensive Score for FT (COST) was used to quantify patients’ FT. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify factors related to FT in patients with breast cancer in Japan and evaluate the sufficiency of information support level (ISL) for medical expenses.Results We collected 1,558 responses from patients and 825 from physicians. The results showed that recent payment was the most significant factor affecting patients’ FT. Furthermore, inadequate ISL by physicians was found, with ISL tending to decrease as FT increased. Regional differences in patients’ ISL were also identified. Physicians with a better understanding of information support needs and adequate knowledge of medical costs tended to provide more comprehensive support.Conclusion This study emphasizes the importance of addressing FT in patients with breast cancer in Japan and highlights the need for enhanced information support, deeper understanding by physicians, and collaborative efforts among professionals to mitigate financial burden and provide personalized, tailored support for individual needs.
Clinical and electroencephalogram characteristics of methylmalonic acidemia with neurological injury
Authors: Yuan Yujun , Ma Ying , Wu Qiong , Huo Liang , Liu Chun-Feng , Liu Xueyan
Published: May 2023

Objective The study aims to investigate the clinical, imaging, and electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics of methylmalonic academia (MMA) with nervous system damage as the primary manifestation.Methods From January 2017 to November 2022, patients with nervous system injury as the main clinical manifestation diagnosed as methylmalonic acidemia by hematuria metabolism or genetic test were collected and analyzed. Their clinical data, imaging data, and electroencephalogram data were analyzed.Result A total of 22 patients were enrolled, including 18 males and 4 females. The clinical symptoms included convulsions, developmental delay, feeding difficulties, poor feeding, disturbance of consciousness, abnormal movement (including involuntary movement, decreased muscle strength, and motor incoordination), and hypotonia. There were 8 cases (36%) of hydrocephalus, 2 cases (9%) of exencephaly effusion, 5 cases (22%) of corpus callosum dysplasia, 5 cases (22%) of myelination dysplasia, 1 case (4%) of abnormal frontal lobe signal, 1 case (4%) of decreased hippocampal volume, 6 cases (27%) of the abnormal lateral ventricular signal. Furthermore, 3 cases (13%) had abnormal signals in the basal ganglia. Also, there were 3 cases (13%) of cerebral atrophy/small parenchymal volume and 1 case (4%) of cytotoxic edema in the basal ganglia and cerebral peduncle. EEG data showed that there were 2 cases (9%) of hyper arrhythmia, 7 cases (31%) of voltage reduction, 13 cases (59%) of abnormal discharge, 15 cases (68%) of abnormal sleep physiological wave or abnormal sleep structure, 1 case (4%) of immature (delayed) EEG development, and 12 cases (54%) of slow background. There were 2 cases (9%) of spasms, 1 case (4%) of atonic seizures, and 1 case (4%) of myoclonic seizures. There were 20 patients (90%) with hyperhomocysteinemia. Treatments included intramuscular injections of vitamin B12, L-carnitine, betaine, folic acid, and oral therapy. Acute treatment included anti-infective, blood transfusion, gamma globulin, fluid replenishment, correcting acidosis, and other treatments. Other treatments include low protein diets, special formula milk powder, and antiepileptic treatment.Conclusion Methylmalonic acidemia can affect the central nervous system, leading to structural changes or abnormal signals in head MRI. Hematuric metabolic screening and genetic testing help make the diagnosis clear. EEG can reflect the changes in brain function in the acute phase. With the remission of the disease, the electroencephalogram can return to normal. However, the children may still experience some deterioration in development.
Breast Milk from Covid-19 Negative Lactating Mothers Shows Neutralizing Activity Against Sars-Cov-2
Authors: Morniroli Daniela , Signorini Lucia , Dolci Maria , Vizzari Giulia , Ronchi Andrea , Pietrasanta Carlo , Pugni Lorenza , Mosca Fabio , Delbue Serena , Giannì Maria
Published: May 2023

Breastmilk protects newborns from infections through specific and nonspecific compounds. This study investigated the neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 of breastmilk from SARS-CoV-2 negative, unvaccinated mothers, and compared it to that from infected nursing mothers. We enrolled women after COVID-19 swab testing results upon maternity admission, and divided them into two groups: group A, COVID-19-positive mothers, and group B, negative mothers. Breastmilk was randomly sampled at 2, 7, and 20 days postpartum. We collected 19 samples for Group A and 41 for Group B. A microneutralization assay was used to determine the 50% neutralization (NT50) titre. The presence of neutralizing antibodies was also determined. Group A had 100% neutralizing samples at T0, declining in T1 and T2. Group B samples exhibited neutralizing activity mostly at T1 (90%). Negative mothers' samples showed no correlation between NT50 titres and antibodies' presence, suggesting that non-specific breast milk components may exert antiviral action against SARS-CoV-2.
Anopheles stephensi is implicated in an outbreak of Plasmodium falciparum parasites that carry markers of drug and diagnostic resistance in Dire Dawa City, Ethiopia, January–July 2022
Authors: TADESSE FITSUM , EMIRU TADELE , Getachew Dejene , Murphy Maxwell , Sedda Luigi , Ejigu Legesse , Bulto Mikiyas , Byrne Isabel , Demisse Mulugeta , Abdo Melat , Chali Wakweya , Elliot Aaron , Vickers Eric , Diaz Andres , Alemayehu Lina , Behaksera Sinknesh , Jebessa Gutema , Dinka Hunduma , Tsegaye Tizita , Teka Hiwot , Chibsa Sheleme , Mumba Peter , Girma Samuel , Hwang Jimee , Yeshimizu Melissa , Sutcliffe Alice , Taffese Hiwot , Bayissa Gudissa , Zohdy Sarah , Tongren Jon , Drakeley Chris , Greenhouse Bryan , Bousema Teun
Published: May 2023

Anopheles stephensi, an Asian urban malaria vector, continues to expand across Africa. We investigated the role of An. stephensi in malaria transmission following a dry season outbreak in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia, from April to July 2022, using a prospective case control design. Plasmodium falciparum microscopy-positive febrile patients (n = 101) and microscopy-negative controls (n = 189) were identified and their contacts (n = 662) screened. Spatial clustering of P. falciparum infections detected in the case contacts but not the controls which was strongly associated with detection of An. stephensi and the detection of sporozoites provides the strongest evidence to date for a role of An. stephensi in driving an urban malaria outbreak in Africa. Importantly, this outbreak involved clonal propagation of drug and diagnostic resistant parasites. This study provides the first epidemiological direct evidence linking An. stephensi with increase in malaria transmission in Africa, highlighting the major public health threat of this fast-spreading invasive mosquito.
In-silico identification of stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one as a potential White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) inhibitor via ligand-receptor interaction analysis
Authors: Raja Bharath , Radhakrishnan Vidya
Published: May 2023

White spot syndrome, a viral disease caused by the white spot syndrome virus in penaeid shrimp, is causing significant economic losses in the shrimp farming industry. Envelope structural proteins are considered to be the first molecules to interact with the host cell upon viral attachment. Thus, these envelope proteins are identified as promising molecular targets for drug development. In the present study, the anti-viral activity of Sargassum wightii was determined by both in-vitro and in-silico analysis. Crabs were injected with petroleum ether extract of S. wightii along with WSSV for the experimental challenge and observed 30 days post-infection. The anti-viral activity of S. wightii was confirmed by bio-assay, histopathology and in-silico analysis. GC–MS analysis of S. wightii identified 15 compounds, respectively. An in-silico molecular docking of the envelope protein VP28, VP26 and VP24 with ligand stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one exhibited high binding energy. Molecular simulation and dynamics were done to validate the stability protein-ligand binding. Therefore, the results of the present study confirmed that S. wightii can be used for treatment of WSSV.
Gap between the concerns of healthcare professionals and parents’ perceptions regarding dietary habits for 18- month- and 3-year-old children in Japan
Authors: Ishikawa Midori , Morinaga Yumiko , Haraikawa Mayu , Akiyama Yuka , Sasaki Kemal , Horie Saki , Yoshiike Nobuo , Yamazaki Yoshihisa , Yokoyama Tetsuji
Published: May 2023

Background A gap has been reported between healthcare professionals’ (hereafter “professionals”) recognition of young children’s diets and parents’ perception of concern. This study investigated the gap between the concerns reported by professionals and parents’ perceptions regarding health and dietary habits by age (18 months old and 3 years old) and gender in Japan.Methods The study was carried out with the cooperation of municipal governments. After obtaining informed consent from parents, questionnaires were distributed to them. The survey included 30 items on to children’s health and dietary habits. The parents indicated whether they were concerned in response to each item. Next, the professionals provided counseling to the parents at a health checkup. After this counseling, the professionals noted their concerns in response to the same items as those given to parents. The participation rates were 82.9% (18 months) and 82.8% (3 years). In the statistical analysis, the items that were judged as concerning by professionals but not by parents were identified; likewise, the items that were of concern to parents but not to professionals were identified. Sensitivity, false negative rate, specificity, false positive rate, and Youden index were calculated to analyze the discordance rate for each item.Results Many parents in this study were concerned about the issues that professionals did not consider to be concerning. Moreover, the parents worried about more issues for 3-year-olds than for 18-month-olds. The items for which ≥ 10 professionals indicated concerns and with higher discordance between the professionals and parents for both boys and girls were “picky eating” for 18-month-olds and “inconsistent amount of food” for 3-year-olds.Conclusions The concerns that professionals have with respect to children’s’ diets and the things that parents worry about show gaps. It might be necessary to provide professional counseling for parents to develop a correct understanding of their children’s dietary habits.
Exogenous neural stem cells promote migratory repair of dissociative injury in the rat olfactory bulb
Authors: Chen Huizhen , Sun Yong , Yan Shiwei , Liu Xiguang , Zhang Ziyuan , Li Aimin
Published: May 2023

Our study aims to explore whether transplantation of exogenous NSCs could be an effective means to deal with neuronal death. In this study, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) nerve tracing and rat olfactory bulb injury model were established; olfactory function was evaluated; HRP nerve tracing assay was conducted; primary NSCs was prepared, identified, differentiated into astrocytes, and used for treatment SD rats with injured olfactory bulb. Results showed that the foraging time was longer in the disconnected olfactory bulb group than the undisconnected group; HRP nerve tracing showed negative TMB staining in the disconnected olfactory bulb injury site and positive TMB staining in the corresponding undisconnected olfactory bulb site, which confirmed the successful establishment of the rat olfactory bulb disconnected injury model. The primary rat cortical-derived NSCs were confirmed positive by Nestin immunofluorescence staining, and then transplanted to the olfactory nerve of olfactory bulb disconnected rats after Brdu labeling. The foraging time in the NSCs transplanted group was shorter than that in the untransplanted group, and the transplanted NSCs migrated from the olfactory nerve to the site of olfactory bulb injury, showing positive cells for Nestin and Brdu staining in the olfactory bulb anterior nucleus, and a large number of positive cells for GFAP staining in the lateral edge of the olfactory ventricle (olfactory bulb inner sublayer and granular layer, etc.). In this study, we found that transplanted exogenous NSCs exerted a migratory repair effect on olfactory bulb dissociation injury in rats, providing a reference for clinical treatment of olfactory nerve injury.
Can ChatGPT generate energy, macro- and micro-nutrient sufficient meal plans for different dietary patterns?
Authors: Podszun Maren , Hieronimus Bettina
Published: May 2023

This study evaluated the nutritional adequacy of dietary meal plans generated by ChatGPT, an AI program for natural language processing. Meal plans were generated for three different dietary patterns, omnivorous, vegetarian and vegan, and their nutrient content was analyzed and compared to reference values. All meal plans exceeded the recommendations for protein and most failed to meet the recommendations for carbohydrates and fat. Saturated fat and fiber were within recommendations as were most micronutrients, except for vitamin D, fluoride, iodine, and selenium. The vegan meal plan lacked vitamin B12, and ChatGPT did not suggest supplementation. Overall, our findings indicate that ChatGPT cannot generate nutritionally adequate meal plans for the three dietary patterns evaluated in this study. It can, however, be a useful tool to generate meal plans that are then evaluated and adjusted according to the reference values.
Fast catalytic degradation of organic dyes in aqueous media using copper sulfate deposited on biowaste-derived hydroxyapatite
Authors: Yarahmadi Hossein , Rezakazemi Mashallah , Sheibani Reza , Tavangar Tohid , Shahmirzadi Mohammad Amin Alaei
Published: May 2023

Conversion of biowastes into valuable products will assist sustainable development and waste management. Eggshell could be used as a bio-template for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite and widely applied in the field of catalytic processes. In this study, copper sulfate supported on hydroxyapatite (CuSO4@HAP) was rationally fabricated using biowaste eggshells (ES) by hydrothermal method and it was used for the fast catalytic degradation of organic pollutant dyes (OPDs) such as methylene blue (MB), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and 4-nitroaniline (4-NA) in the presence of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) in aqueous media. The physical and chemical properties of CuSO4@HAP were characterized via FTIR, XRD, BET, TEM, FE-SEM/EDS, and elemental mapping analyses. Results indicated that the synthesized catalyst was crystalline with great purity, homogeneous with fine particles, and mesoporous with a high specific surface area. Besides, the reaction progress was evaluated using a double-beam UV-vis spectrophotometer. The reaction conversion (%) under optimal conditions rapidly increased to an equilibrium state (99% for 4-NP, 96% for 4-NA, and 99.5% for MB) within a short time (t < 10 min). In addition, the catalytic rate constant of MB, 4-NP, and 4-NA in the presence of NaBH4 and CuSO4@HAP was calculated to be about 0.514, 0.492, and 0.317 min− 1, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential use of natural HAP-derived catalyst from biowaste eggshell with high efficiency and stability for degrading OPDs under mild reaction conditions. Additionally, CuSO4@HAP could be effectively separated and reused for four cycles with almost the same catalytic efficacy.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt improves transplant-free survival of PA-HSOS patients with no response to anticoagulation therapy——A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Tu Jingjing , Zhang Han , Kong Derun , Feng Yanhong , Yu Yuecheng , Li Taishun , Zhou Yifei , Zhang Feng , Zhang Wei , Xu Hui , Yin Qin , Wang Yi , Zou Xiaoping , Wang Lei , Zhang Ming , Xiao Jiangqiang , Zhuge Yuzheng
Published: May 2023

Background & Aims Anticoagulation therapy is recommended during the acute or subacute stage for patients with pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (PAHSOS). Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is suggested as step-up treatment when patients have no response to anticoagulants. However, the efficacy of TIPS in patients who do not respond to anticoagulants needs more evidence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of TIPS in PA-HSOS patients with no response to initial anticoagulation treatment.
Methods We retrospectively enrolled PA-HSOS patients diagnosed based on the ‘Nanjing criteria’ between January 2013 and September 2020 from four hospitals, and all of them had no response to initial short-term anticoagulation therapy. Then, depending on the next treatment option, these patients were divided into the TIPS treatment group and the anticoagulation therapy group. The baseline information and clinical characteristics were collected and recorded. Liver transplant-free survival in both groups was the primary study endpoint and the risk factors for patient death were further analyzed.
Results A total of 473 PA-HSOS patients from four hospitals were included in the study, and 99 patients were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these, 63 patients were in the TIPS group and 36 were in the anticoagulation therapy group. In the anticoagulation therapy group, 25 patients received continuous anticoagulation treatment until the end of the study, and 11 patients did not respond to the prolonged anticoagulation therapy and turned to TIPS therapy halfway through treatment. There were 17 deaths during the median follow-up time of 32.5 months. The different choices of treatment (TIPS or continuous anticoagulation therapy), age, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and serum total bilirubin (STB) were independent risk factors for predicting death. The patients in the TIPS group had a significantly higher transplant-free survival than those in the continuous anticoagulation therapy group (P=0.028). The prognosis of the mild and moderate patients treated with TIPS was better than that of the severe patients according to Drum Tower Severity Scoring (DTSS), a novel PA-HSOS severity grading criteria, while the severe patients did not show significant benefit with TIPS treatment.
Conclusions TIPS treatment can improve the transplant-free survival rate in PA-HSOS patients who have failed short-term anticoagulation therapy, and patients with DTSS of mild and moderate grade could benefit from TIPS.
Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) M.R. Almedia habitat exhibited robust adaptability to diverse socioeconomic scenarios in eastern India
Authors: Garai Sanjoy , Mishra Yogeshwar , Malakar Ayushman , Kumar Rikesh , Singh Ronak , Sharma Jassi , Tiwari Sharad
Published: May 2023

One of the greatest challenges to ecosystems is the rapidity of climate change, and their ability to adjust swiftly will be constrained. Climate change will disrupt the ecological balances, causing species to track suitable habitats for survival. Consequently, understanding the species' response to climate change is crucial for its conservation and management, and for enhancing biodiversity through effective management. This research intends to examine the response of the vulnerable Buchanania cochinchinensis species to climate change. We modeled the potential suitable habitats of B. cochinchinensis for the present and future climatic scenario proxies based on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) i.e. SSP126, 245, 370 and 585. Maxent was used to simulate the potential habitats of B. cochinchinensis. The study found ~ 28313 sq km (~ 10.7% of the study area) was a potentially suitable habitat of B. cochinchinensis for the current scenario. The majority of the suitable habitat area ~ 25169 sq km occurred in the central and southern part of the study area. The future projection shows that the suitable habitat to largely increase in the range of 10.5–20% across all the SSPs, with maximum gain ~ 20% for SSP 126. The mean temperature of the wettest quarter (Bio_08) was the most influential contributing variable in limiting the distribution of B. cochinchinensis. The majority of the suitable habitat area occurred in the vegetation landscape. The study shows southward shifting of B. cochinchinensis habitat by 2050. The phytosociological research determined B. cochinchinensis as Shorea robusta's primary associate. Our research provides significant insight into the prospective distribution scenario of B. cochinchinensis habitat and its response to diverse socioeconomic scenarios, and offers a solid foundation for management of this extremely important species.
Where the wild bears roam: Examining the habitat preferences and distribution of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Armenia
Authors: Bartzokas Georgios , Ralev Andrey , Sluydts Vincent , Broecke Bram Vanden , Khachatryan Ruben , de Iongh Hans
Published: May 2023

Understanding the habitat preferences and temporal activity of Armenian brown bears (Ursus arctos) in relation to human presence and the presence of other mammalian species in a biodiversity hotspot region is essential for their conservation. In this study we investigated how human disturbance affects the brown bear's temporal and spatial activity in the privately protected Caucasus Wildlife Refuge (CWR) of Armenia. In addition, we investigated spatio-temporal distribution of brown bear in relation to other wildlife present in the study area and looked at its habitat preferences. We placed 28 camera traps were placed in areas inside or adjacent to CWR for a period of 3 months in 2018. Presence/absence data were used to calculate the species richness and activity patterns and inserted in different occupancy models for the bears and the other mammals found in the area. Of the 14 medium and large-sized mammal species that could theoretically live in the area, we recorded 13, four of which are listed in the Red Book of Animals of Armenia (including the very rare Caucasian leopard). The results showed that brown bears are, to a certain extent habituated to human presence, since they were found near human settlements. Areas closer to water bodies were also found to be more likely occupied by brown bears. In addition, brown bear presence had a positive effect on the occupancy of potential prey species. The activity pattern analysis revealed that there is some diel temporal partitioning present between brown bear's and other mammalian species' activity.
Evaluation of Ceftriaxone Pharmacokinetics in Hospitalized Egyptian Pediatric Patients
Authors: Eldougdoug Mohamed W. , Youssef Doaa M. , El-Shal Amal S. , Sharaf Yasmine Ahmed , Raparla Sridivya , Jasti Bhaskara R. , Elnahas Hanan M
Published: May 2023

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate ceftriaxone pharmacokinetics that affects the achievement of targets in the treatment of critically ill children (Meningitis, Pneumonia, Urinary Tract Infection, Peritonitis, and Infective Endocarditis( who admitted to Zagazig University Pediatric hospital in Egypt to monitor for the drug adverse effects.Patients and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 24 hospitalized pediatric patients(ages ranging from 2.5 months to 12 years) after administering the calculated dose of ceftriaxone via intravenous bolus route. Then, Ceftriaxone plasma concentrations were measured using a validated HPLC method with ultraviolet detection. The pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted using Phoenix Winnonlin Program® software.Results Data for total and free ceftriaxone best fitted on a one-compartment model with the first-order elimination process. Clearance of Ceftriaxone is reduced for patients with reduced kidney function and increased with those with augmented renal clearance. The volume of distribution and the free fraction are increased in these patients, especially those with hypoalbuminemia with a shorter half-life time were detected. A slight increase in total bilirubin and liver enzymes has been observed after treatment with ceftriaxone in these patients.Conclusion In most critically ill pediatric patients, the current ceftriaxone treatment regimen (50 to 100 mg/kg) offers adequate pathogenic coverage. The clearance of free Ceftriaxone in all patients correlates well with their renal function (eGFR), with r2 = 0.7252. During therapy with ceftriaxone at all doses ranging from 50 to 100 mg/kg, a rise in total bilirubin was observed in these patients. Moreover, liver enzymes (ALT and AST) increased moderately (p 0.0001). So, it is recommended to monitor total bilirubin and liver enzymes during the treatment with ceftriaxone, especially for a long duration (more than five days) or use another agent in patients with high baseline values.
Analysis of the content of chemical elements in horse hooves
Authors: Serwańska-Leja Katarzyna , Drożdżyńska Agnieszka , Uzar Tomasz , Durkalec-Michalski Krzysztof , Juzwa Wojciech , Nabzdyk Maria
Published: May 2023

The research was aimed at analysing the content of chemical elements in horse hooves and exploring their influence on hoof brittleness and the formation of laminitis. Moreover, the activity of the biofilm cells covering the horse's hoof was assessed and its microscopic structure was explored. The material used for the research was the hooves of Polish-Konik horses and sport horses. In order to determine the content of chemical elements, the method of atomic absorption spectrometry was used. The activity of biofilm cells was assessed using flow cytometry. The research showed significant differences in the content of potassium, manganese, iron and aluminum, as well as high zinc deficiencies. For this reason, it is recommended to add the preparations for horses with poor hoof quality with potassium and zinc, and to limit the consumption of manganese and aluminum. Assessment of the activity of the biofilm cells showed that it is mainly composed of dead cells, however the activity differed depending on the type of horse. The microscopic structure analysis shows differences in the number and size of the hoof tubules.
Dose effects of restorer gene modulate pollen fertility in cotton CMS-D2 restorer lines via auxin signaling and flavonoid biosynthesis
Authors: Zang Rong , Shahzad Kashif , Zhang Xuexian , Guo Liping , Qi Tingxiang , Tang Huini , Wang Ruijie , Wang Hailin , Qiao Xiuqin , Zhang Meng , Wu Jianyong , Xing Chaozhu
Published: May 2023

CMS-D2 is an economical and effective system for producing hybrid cotton seeds than artificial and chemical emasculation methods. However, the unstable restoring ability of restorer lines is a main barrier in the large-scale application of "three-line" hybrid cotton. Our phenotypic investigation determined that the homozygous Rf1Rf1 allelic genotype had a stronger ability to generate fertile pollen than the heterozygous Rf1rf1 allelic genotype. To decipher the genetic mechanisms that control the differential levels of pollen fertility, an integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis was performed on pollen grains at two environments using four cotton genotypes differing in Rf1 alleles or cytoplasm. Totally 5,391 differential metabolite features were detected, and 369 specific differential metabolites (DMs) were identified between homozygous and heterozygous Rf1 allelic genotypes with CMS-D2 cytoplasm. Additionally, transcriptome analysis identified 2,490 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 96 unique hub DEGs with dynamic regulation in this comparative combination. Further integrated analyses revealed that several key DEGs and DMs involved in indole biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and sugar metabolism had strong network linkage with fertility restoration. In vitro application of auxin analogue NAA and inhibitor Auxinole confirmed that over-activated auxin signaling might inhibit pollen development whereas suppressing auxin signaling partially promoted pollen development in CMS-D2 cotton. Our results provide new insight into how the dosage effects of the Rf1 gene regulate pollen fertility of CMS-D2 cotton.
Development and External Validation of a Predictive Multivariable Model for Palliative Cancer Patients’ Survival (PACS)
Authors: Porcu Luca , Recchia Angela , Bosetti Cristina , Chiaruttini Maria Vittoria , Uggeri Sara , Lonati Giada , Ubezio Paolo , Rizzi Barbara , Corli Oscar
Published: May 2023

Purpose Various prognostic indexes have been proposed to improve physicians’ ability to predict survival time in advanced cancer patients admitted to palliative care (PC), but no optimal score has still been identified. The study therefore aims to develop and externally validate a new multivariable predictive model in this setting.Methods We developed the model on 1020 cancer patients prospectively enrolled to home care palliative care at VIDAS Milan, Italy, between May 2018 and February 2020 and followed-up to June 2020. The model was then validated among two separate samples of 544 home care and 247 hospice patients. Overall survival was considered as the primary outcome to develop and validate the model; Cox and flexible parametric Royston-Parmar regression models were used.Results Through a four-step modelling process, among 68 clinical factors considered, five predictors were included in the predictive model, i.e., rattle, heart rate, anorexia, liver failure, and the Karnofsky performance status. Patient’s survival probability at various time points was estimated. The predictive model showed a good calibration and moderate discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve between 0.72 and 0.79) in the home care validation set, but model calibration was suboptimal in hospice patients.Conclusions The new multivariable predictive model for palliative cancer patients’ survival (PACS model) includes clinical parameters routinely at patient’s admission to PC and can be easily used to facilitate immediate and appropriate clinical decisions for PC cancer patients in the home setting.
“Microwave-Assisted, Solvent Free, One Pot Synthesis of Novel Bioactive Imidazolyl - Pyrazole derivatives catalyzed by Mesolite type Natural Zeolite”
Authors: Dhotre Sandip , Pawar Ganesh , Pawar Rajendra , Vaidya Sayujjata
Published: May 2023

Novel Imidazolyl-Pyrazole derivatives have been synthesized by cyclocondensation of 1, 3-diphenyl pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde, benzil, and substituted aniline and ammonium acetate by using mesolite type natural zeolite as an efficient and heterogenous catalyst under microwave condition. The synthesised novel Imidazolyl-Pyrazole derivatives are fully characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and LC-MS techniques. The synthesized Imidazolyl-Pyrazole derivatives were screened for anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities and compared with standard drug molecules.
TNFα-induced altered miRNA expression links to NF-κB signaling pathway in endometriosis
Authors: Banerjee Saswati , Xu Wei , Doctor Aaron , Driss Adel , Nezhat Ceana , Sidell Neil , Taylor Robert N , Thompson Winston E , Chowdhury Indrajit
Published: May 2023

Endometriosis is a common gynecological inflammatory disorder characterized by immune system dysregulation, which is involved in lesion initiation and progression. Studies have demonstrated that several cytokines are associated with the evolution of endometriosis, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). TNFα is a non-glycosylated cytokine protein with potent inflammatory, cytotoxic, and angiogenic potential. In the current study, we examined the ability of TNFα to induce dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) linked to NFkB-signaling pathways, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Using RT-QPCR, the expression of several miRNAs were quantified in primary cells derived from eutopic endometrium of endometriosis subjects (EESC) and normal endometrial stromal cells (NESC) and also TNFα treated NESCs. The phosphorylation of the pro-inflammatory molecule NF-κB and the candidates of the survival pathways PI3K, AKT and ERK was measured by westernblot analysis. The elevated secretion of TNFα in EESCs downregulates the expression level of several miRNAs significantly (p < 0.05) in EESCs compared to NESC. Also treatment of NESCs with exogenous TNFα significantly reduced the expression of miRNAs in a dose-dependent manner to levels similar to EESCs. In addition, TNFα significantly increased the phosphorylation of the PI3K, AKT, ERK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Notably, treatment with curcumin (CUR, diferuloylmethane), an anti-inflammatory polyphenol, significantly increased the expression of dysregulated miRNAs in EESC in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings demonstrate that TNFα is upregulated in EESCs, which subsequently dysregulates the expression of miRNAs, contributing to the pathophysiology of endometriotic cells. CUR effectively inhibits the expression of TNFα, subsequently altering miRNA levels and suppresses the phosphorylation of AKT, ERK, and NF-κB.
Identification of pyroptosis-related genes and potential drugs in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Yan Meng , Li Wenwen , Wei Rui , Li Shuwen , Liu Yan , Huang Yuqian
Published: May 2023

Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). A growing body of research has demonstrated that the inflammatory state plays a critical role in the incidence and development of DN. Pyroptosis is a new way of programmed cell death, which has the particularity of natural immune inflammation. The inhibition of inflammatory cytokine expression and regulation of pathways related to pyroptosis may be novel strategies for DN prevention and treatment. Correlational studies of pyroptosis in DN, however, remain to be elucidated.Methods DN differentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes were identified via bioinformatic analysis Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset GSE96804. Dataset GSE30528 and GSE142025 were downloaded to verify pyroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to construct a pyroptosis-related gene predictive model. A consensus clustering analysis was performed to identify pyroptosis-related DN subtypes. Subsequently, Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA), Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted to explore the differences between DN clusters. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was used to select hub genes and DGIdb database was used to screen potential therapeutic drugs/compounds targeting hub genes.Results A total of 24 differentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes were identified in DN. A 16 gene predictive model was conducted via LASSO regression analysis. On the basis of these 16 genes, DN cases were divided into two subtypes, and the subtypes are enriched in the regulation of inflammatory response, activation of immune response and cell metabolism. In addition, we identified 10 hub genes among these subtypes, and predicted 65 potential DN therapeutics that target key genes.Conclusion We identified 2 pyroptosis-related DN clusters and 65 potential therapeutical agents/compounds for DN, which might shed a light on the treatment of DN.
Machine Learning based Intelligent Model for Path Planning Obstacle Avoidance in Dense Environments for Autonomous Mobile Robot
Authors: Thakur Abhishek , Das Subhranil , Kumari Rashmi , Mishra Sudhansu Kumar
Published: May 2023

In this paper, a unique Machine Learning (ML) model namely, Adaptive Block Coordinate Descent Logistic Regression (ABCDLR), is proposed for segregating the movement of an Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) by framing it as three class problem, i.e., no, left, and right turn. The velocities of the left and right wheels, as well as the distance of the obstacle from AMR, are collected in real time by two Infrared (IR) and one Ultrasonic (US) sensors, respectively. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with three other state-of-the-art ML algorithms, such as, K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Naïve Baiyes, and Gradient Boosting, for obstacle avoidance by AMR; considering the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision values for three different speed conditions, i.e., low, medium, and high. Various Logistic Regression (LR) model parameters, such as, pseudo R-squared (R2), Akaike Information Criteria (AIC), Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC), LL-null, and Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) are considered to investigate the performance of the proposed ABCDLR model. Furthermore, the proposed model has been applied for path planning in three different types of dense environments, and its performance is compared with four other competitive path planning approaches, such as, A*, Fuzzy Logic Controller(FLC), Vector Field Histogram(VFH) and ASGDLR.
WITHDRAWN: Analysis of ATPase-6 mtDNA mutations and telomere length in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Dirican Ebubekir , Özcan Halil , Uzunçakmak Sevgi Karabulut
Published: May 2023

This study's objective was to analyze ATPase-6 mtDNA mutations and telomere length in patients with bipolar disorder. 37 patients with bipolar disorder and 48 healthy individuals were included in this research. DNA samples of all patients and healthy individuals were isolated. To identify mtDNA mutations in patients, samples were first amplified by PCR, and then Sanger DNA sequencing was performed. RT-PCR method was used for relative telomere length analysis. T112A (m.8860A>G) mutation was detected in all patients (37/37). In addition, T53I (m.8684 C>T) mutations were detected in three patients (3/37) and L156L (m.8994 G>A) and S176N (m.9053 G>A) mutations in one patient each (1/37). Telomere lengths of patients with bipolar disorder were shorter than healthy individuals (p=0.0046). ROC analyses showed that telomere length has a significant diagnostic value for bipolar patients with 94.6% sensitivity and 45.8% specificity (AUC:0.678, 95% CI: 0.568-0.776, p=0.002). There were not statistically significant differences in telomere lengths according to mutation type (p>0.05). Also, there was no relation difference between ATPase-6 mtDNA mutations and telomere length and clinical demographic data (p>0.05). In conclusion, it was shown that patients with bipolar disorder have shorter telomere lengths than healthy individuals. Telomere length may be used as a diagnostic factor. Furthermore, the high frequency of ATPase-6 mtDNA mutations may be part of the genetic background of bipolar disorder. It would be beneficial to support studies with more extensive patient populations to confirm the results we found.