bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The epidemic volatility index, a novel early warning tool for identifying new waves in an epidemic
Authors: Kostoulas Polychronis , Meletis Eletherios , Pateras Konstantinos , Eusebi Paolo , Kostoulas Theodoros , Furuya-Kanamori Luis , Speybroeck Niko , Denwood Matthew , Doi Suhail A. R. , Althaus Christian L. , Kirkeby Carsten , Rohani Pejman , Dhand Navneet K. , Peñalvo José L. , Thabane Lehana , BenMiled Slimane , Sharifi Hamid , Walter Stephen D.
Published: December 2021

Early warning tools are crucial for the timely application of intervention strategies and the mitigation of the adverse health, social and economic effects associated with outbreaks of epidemic potential such as COVID-19. This paper introduces, the Epidemic Volatility Index (EVI), a new, conceptually simple, early warning tool for oncoming epidemic waves. EVI is based on the volatility of newly reported cases per unit of time, ideally per day, and issues an early warning when the volatility change rate exceeds a threshold. Data on the daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 are used to demonstrate the use of EVI. Results from the COVID-19 epidemic in Italy and New York State are presented here, based on the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19, from January 22, 2020, until April 13, 2021. Live daily updated predictions for all world countries and each of the United States of America are publicly available online. For Italy, the overall sensitivity for EVI was 0.82 (95% Confidence Intervals: 0.75; 0.89) and the specificity was 0.91 (0.88; 0.94). For New York, the corresponding values were 0.55 (0.47; 0.64) and 0.88 (0.84; 0.91). Consecutive issuance of early warnings is a strong indicator of main epidemic waves in any country or state. EVI’s application to data from the current COVID-19 pandemic revealed a consistent and stable performance in terms of detecting new waves. The application of EVI to other epidemics and syndromic surveillance tasks in combination with existing early warning systems will enhance our ability to act swiftly and thereby enhance containment of outbreaks.
Study of EEG characteristics while solving scientific problems with different mental effort
Authors: Zhu Yanmei , Wang Qian , Zhang Li
Published: December 2021

Studying the mental effort in problem-solving is important to the understanding of how the brain allocates cognitive resources to process information. The electroencephalogram is a promising physiological approach to assessing the online mental effort. In this study, we investigate the EEG indicators of mental effort while solving scientific problems. By manipulating the complexity of the scientific problem, the level of mental effort also changes. With the increase of mental effort, theta synchronization in the frontal region and lower alpha desynchronization in the parietal and occipital regions significantly increase. Also, upper alpha desynchronization demonstrates a widespread enhancement across the whole brain. According to the functional topography of brain activity in the theta and alpha frequency, our results suggest that the mental effort while solving scientific problems is related to working memory, visuospatial processing, semantic processing and magnitude manipulation. This study suggests the reliability of EEG to evaluate the mental effort in an educational context and provides valuable insights into improving the problem-solving abilities of students in educational practice.
Decrypting a cryptic allosteric pocket in H. pylori glutamate racemase
Authors: Chheda Pratik Rajesh , Cooling Grant T. , Dean Sondra F. , Propp Jonah , Hobbs Kathryn F. , Spies M. Ashley
Published: December 2021

One of our greatest challenges in drug design is targeting cryptic allosteric pockets in enzyme targets. Drug leads that do bind to these cryptic pockets are often discovered during HTS campaigns, and the mechanisms of action are rarely understood. Nevertheless, it is often the case that the allosteric pocket provides the best option for drug development against a given target. In the current studies we present a successful way forward in rationally exploiting the cryptic allosteric pocket ofH. pyloriglutamate racemase, an essential enzyme in this pathogen’s life cycle. A wide range of computational and experimental methods are employed in a workflow leading to the discovery of a series of natural product allosteric inhibitors which occupy the allosteric pocket of this essential racemase. The confluence of these studies reveals a fascinating source of the allosteric inhibition, which centers on the abolition of essential monomer-monomer coupled motion networks.
Interdisciplinary researchers attain better long-term funding performance
Authors: Sun Ye , Livan Giacomo , Ma Athen , Latora Vito
Published: December 2021

Interdisciplinary research is on the rise globally. Yet, several studies have shown that it often achieves lower impact compared to more specialized work, and is less likely to attract funding. Here, we seek to reconcile such evidence by analyzing 44,419 research grants awarded by the research councils in the UK. We find that researchers with an interdisciplinary funding track record dominate the network of academic collaborations, both in terms of centrality and knowledge brokerage, but such a competitive advantage does not translate into immediate return. Our results based on a matched pair analysis show that interdisciplinary researchers achieve lower impact with their publications in the short run; however, they eventually outperform their specialized counterparts in funding performance, both in terms of volume and value. These findings suggest that pursuing an interdisciplinary career may require perseverance to overcome extra challenges, but can pave the way for a more successful endeavor.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots using prickly pear as the carbon source and its application as a highly selective sensor for Cr(vi) and as a patterning agent
Authors: Bhatt Shreya , Vyas Gaurav , Paul Parimal
Published: December 2021

Nitrogen-doped fluorescent carbon dots, prepared from prickly pear and m-xylylenediamine using microwave, selectively detect Cr(vi) in water. Sensing strips prepared from the CDs are successfully used in the field and also used as patterning agent.
Europium doping of cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots via rapid microwave synthesis for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Thomas Donovan , Lee Harold O. , Santiago Kevin C. , Pelzer Marvin , Kuti Ayodeji , Treadwell LaRico J. , Bahoura Messaoud
Published: December 2021

UV-Vis spectroscopy and PL data show that structural incorporation of Eu3+ has an effect on the optical properties of CdSe QDs via energy transfer from host to dopant. This allows for QDs with tunable optical properties via numerous pathways.
Recent advances in externally controlled ring-opening polymerisations
Authors: Kaler Sandeep , Jones Matthew D.
Published: December 2021

Switchable catalysis is a powerful tool in the polymer chemist's toolbox as it allows on demand access to a variety of polymer architectures.
Yttrium tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) complexes grafted onto MCM-48 mesoporous silica nanoparticles
Authors: Mortis Alexandros , Maichle-Mössmer Cäcilia , Anwander Reiner
Published: December 2021

The incidence of yttrium-alkyl surface sites is corroborated by reactions with carbon dioxide and moist air, involving 13C/29Si MAS NMR and DRIFT spectroscopies.
Protective effect of orange essential oil on the formation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease caused by high-fat diet
Authors: Wang Qing-Shan , Li Min , Li Xiao , Zhang Na-Wei , Hu Hui-Yan , Zhang Lu-Lu , Ren Jing-Nan , Fan Gang , Pan Si-Yi
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of sniffing orange essential oil (OEO) on the formation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) caused by a high-fat diet.
Correction: In situ flow pair distribution function analysis to probe the assembly–disassembly–organisation–reassembly (ADOR) mechanism of zeolite IPC-2 synthesis
Authors: Russell Samantha E. , Henkelis Susan E. , Vornholt Simon M. , Rainer Daniel N. , Chapman Karena W. , Morris Russell E.
Published: December 2021

Correction for ‘In situ flow pair distribution function analysis to probe the assembly–disassembly–organisation–reassembly (ADOR) mechanism of zeolite IPC-2 synthesis’ by Samantha E. Russell et al., Mater. Adv., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d1ma00335f.
A merged lattice metal nanohole array based dual-mode plasmonic laser with an ultra-low threshold
Authors: Shahid Shadman , Zumrat Shahed-E- , Talukder Muhammad Anisuzzaman
Published: December 2021

The designed multi-layered plasmonic laser generates dual-mode lasing employing a merged lattice nanohole array on a metal film. The laser shows ultra-low pump threshold characteristics with a considerable tuning capability of the dual lasing modes.
Surface ligand chemistry on quaternary Ag(InxGa1−x)S2 semiconductor quantum dots for improving photoluminescence properties
Authors: Hoisang Watcharaporn , Uematsu Taro , Torimoto Tsukasa , Kuwabata Susumu
Published: December 2021

The photoluminescence properties of Ag(InxGa1−x)S2 quaternary semiconductor quantum dots are improved by ligand exchange with L-, X-, and Z-type ligands. Analyses of both the quantum dots and byproducts are performed for understanding the mechanism.
Palladium-catalyzed anti-Markovnikov oxidative acetalization of activated olefins with iron(iii) sulphate as the reoxidant
Authors: Fernandes Rodney A. , Yadav Sandhya S. , Kumar Praveen
Published: December 2021

Efficient and mild reaction conditions for Wacker-type oxidative acetalization of activated terminal olefins have been developed by using PdCl2 as the catalyst and iron(iii) sulfate as the efficient reoxidant.
Influence of low-voltage discharge energy on the morphology of carbon nanostructures in induced benzene transformation
Authors: Bodrikov Ivan Vasilievich , Ivanova Anna Gennadevna , Vasiliev Alexander Leonidovich , Titov Evgeny Yurievich , Titov Dmitry Yurievich , Serov Anton Igorevich
Published: December 2021

The first type microstructure in the sample 90 μF: (a) BF TEM image of the graphene layers with hollow spheres (arrowed) and the area with graphite (marked by G).
A chemical tool for blue light-inducible proximity photo-crosslinking in live cells
Authors: Mishra Pratyush Kumar , Kang Myeong-Gyun , Lee Hakbong , Kim Seungjoon , Choi Subin , Sharma Nirmali , Park Cheol-Min , Ko Jaewon , Lee Changwook , Seo Jeong Kon , Rhee Hyun-Woo
Published: December 2021

We developed a spatiotemporal proximity photo-crosslinking by visible light activation (Spotlight) method to capture protein–protein interactions in live systems.
All-fiber structure covered with two-dimensional conductive MOF materials to construct a comfortable, breathable and high-quality self-powered wearable sensor system
Authors: Zhao Youwei , Hou Ningle , Wang Yifan , Fu Chaochao , Li Xiaoting , Li Ling , Zhang Wenming
Published: December 2021

A comfortable, breathable, and high-quality self-powered wearable sensor system is fabricated using a two-dimensional conductive metal–organic skeleton.
Redox reaction does not facilitate oxygen evolution on bismuth ruthenate pyrochlore
Authors: Park Joohyuk , Jang Haeseong , Lee Su Yong , Jeon Jeong Suk , Kim Min Gyu
Published: December 2021

The discovery presented here revealed that oxidative potentials could facilitate redox reactions and/or oxygen evolution depending on the catalytic activity at the bismuth and ruthenium sites of Bi2Ru2O7 during electrocatalysis.
Effectiveness of Interventions for Dysphagia in Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gandhi Pooja , Steele Catriona M.
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

Dysphagia is a common sequela of Parkinson disease (PD) and is associated with malnutrition, aspiration pneumonia, and mortality. This review article synthesized evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions for dysphagia in PD.

Method:

Electronic searches were conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, and speechBITE. Of the 2,015 articles identified, 26 met eligibility criteria: interventional or observational studies with at least five or more participants evaluating dysphagia interventions in adults with PD-related dysphagia, with outcomes measured using videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES), or electromyography (EMG). Risk of bias (RoB) was evaluated using the Evidence Project tool and predetermined criteria regarding the rigor of swallowing outcome measures.

Results:

Interventions were classified as follows: pharmacological (
n
= 11), neurostimulation (
n
= 8), and behavioral (
n
= 7). Primary outcome measures varied across studies, including swallowing timing, safety, and efficiency, and were measured using VFSS (
n
= 17), FEES (
n
= 6), and EMG (
n
= 4). Critical appraisal of study findings for RoB, methodological rigor, and transparency showed the majority of studies failed to adequately describe contrast media used, signal acquisition settings, and rater blinding to time point. Low certainty evidence generally suggested improved swallow timing with exercises with biofeedback and deep brain stimulation (DBS), improved safety with DBS and expiratory muscle strength training, and improved efficiency with the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment and levodopa.

Conclusions:

Studies with lower RoB and greater experimental rigor showed potential benefit in improving swallowing efficiency but not safety. Further research investigating discrete changes in swallowing pathophysiology post-intervention is warranted to guide dysphagia management in PD.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.17132162
Evaluation and Treatment of Post-Extubation Dysphagia: The Importance of the Speech Pathologist in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Marvin Stevie
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

Post-extubation dysphagia is associated with negative health outcomes including pneumonia, prolonged hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, and inability to discharge home. The purpose of this review article is to summarize published research on screening, evaluating, and treating post-extubation dysphagia.

Method:

Review of published literature on post-extubation dysphagia to shape best practice guidelines for speech pathologists.

Results:

Current research on post-extubation dysphagia focuses heavily on screening and evaluation. There are limited data on targeted treatment methods for post-extubation dysphagia.

Conclusions:

Speech pathologists play a critical role in helping patients safely return to oral alimentation following prolonged endotracheal intubation. Speech pathologists should use the available research to shape best practice guidelines within their facility for who, when, and how to evaluate for dysphagia following extubation.
Supporting Peer Interactions for Students With Complex Communication Needs in Inclusive Settings: Paraeducator Roles
Authors: McCarty Tara V. , Light Janice C.
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

This clinical focus article presents a review of literature supporting the importance of fostering positive peer interactions for students with complex communication needs (CCN). A resulting template is included to help guide educational teams, including speech-language pathologists (SLPs), in planning for paraeducator training specific to supporting peer interactions for children with CCN. This clinical focus article summarizes the current literature available on inclusion and peer relationships for students with CCN in general education classrooms and paraeducator roles and training. The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth framework was consulted to help establish considerations relevant to paraeducator training. With many demands on the time of SLPs throughout the school day, paraeducators may offer an often untapped resource to help support positive peer relationships for students with CCN.

Conclusions:

This clinical focus article provides an overview of challenges that may impede positive peer relationships from developing in inclusive classroom settings, including ones related to (a) the student with CCN, (b) the peers, (c) the augmentative and alternative communication systems, or (d) the environment. The readers will be provided with a template to guide educational teams and SLPs in collaborating with paraeducators to foster positive peer interactions, including the following steps: (1) define goals for the student with CCN and determine supports required from paraeducators, (2) determine content of training for paraeducators, (3) choose an effective instructional approach, (4) establish a feasible training format, and (5) implement the paraeducator training and evaluate outcomes to ensure benefits for students with CCN and their peers.
Faulted‐phase identification scheme for series‐compensated transmission lines during the power swing
Authors: Musa Mohammed Hussien Hassan
Published: December 2021

To perform a fast faulted‐phase selection under the power swing in a series compensated line with a thyristor‐controlled series capacitor (TCSC) is an extreme challenge facing the transmission line protection schemes. Thus, this paper proposes a new scheme for recognizing the faulted‐phase in TCSC‐compensated transmission lines during the power swing. Primarily, the fault feature is extracted by using a modified Interclass correlation coefficient. The scheme utilizes the system‐current samples during the fault period and system‐current samples during the health state as two variables for obtaining the modified interclass correlation coefficient. Then a cumulative approach is used to enlarge the fault feature. The proposed scheme has been subjected to a wide variety of tests through different faults circumstances under different compensation levels. The experimental results have shown good performance against the high impedance/resistance fault under different TCSC‐compensation levels during the power swing. Also, the results showed a distinction in terms of time response due to its simple computation process.
Seismic signature of electron degeneracy in the core of red giants: Hints for mass transfer between close red-giant companions
Authors: Deheuvels S. , Ballot J. , Gehan C. , Mosser B.
Published: December 2021

The detection of mixed modes in red giants with space missions COROT and Kepler has revealed their deep internal structure. These modes allow us to characterize the pattern of pressure modes (through the measurement of their asymptotic frequency separation Δν) and the pattern of gravity modes (through the determination of their asymptotic period spacing ΔΠ1). It has been shown that red giant branch (RGB) stars regroup on a well-defined sequence in the Δν − ΔΠ1 plane. Our first goal is to theoretically explain the features of this sequence and understand how it can be used to probe the interiors of red giants. Using a grid of red giant models computed with MESA, we demonstrate that red giants join the Δν − ΔΠ1 sequence whenever electron degeneracy becomes strong in the core. We argue that this can be used to estimate the central densities of these stars, and potentially to measure the amount of core overshooting during the main sequence part of the evolution. We also investigate a puzzling subsample of red giants that are located below the RGB sequence, in contradiction with stellar evolution models. After checking the measurements of the asymptotic period spacing for these stars, we show that they are mainly intermediate-mass red giants. This is doubly peculiar because these stars should have nondegenerate cores and they are expected to be located well above the RGB sequence. We show that these peculiarities are well accounted for if these stars result from the interaction between two low-mass (M ≲ 2 M⊙) close companions during the red giant branch phase. If the secondary component has already developed a degenerate core before mass transfer begins, it becomes an intermediate-mass giant with a degenerate core. The secondary star is then located below the degenerate sequence, which is in agreement with the observations.
La croissance verte est-elle durable et compatible avec l’économie circulaire ? Une approche par l’identité IPAT
Authors: Fizaine Florian
Published: December 2021

Il existe une forte polysémie derrière l’expression « économie circulaire ». Certains identifient l’économie circulaire comme une forme finale de la croissance verte (croissance économique infinie dans un monde fini). D’autres, au contraire, perçoivent la croissance verte comme le prolongement d’un ancien modèle fondamentalement incompatible avec les limites de la géosphère et donc très différent de l’économie circulaire qui s’inscrit dans un mimétisme écologique. Dans cet article, nous explorons les hypothèses permettant de réconcilier la croissance verte avec l’économie circulaire via la dématérialisation. Nous montrons que la réconciliation de l’économie circulaire et de la croissance verte réclamerait (i) une vitesse de décroissance de l’intensité matérielle de l’économie à des niveaux jamais observés, mais également (ii) une absence de limite physique à cette décroissance. Cela laisse supposer que l’approche de la croissance verte est fondamentalement incompatible avec le concept d’économie circulaire.
Hassalstrongylus dollfusi (Nematoda, Heligmonellidae): rediscovery in native South American rodents, six decades after its description
Authors: Serrano Paula Carolina , Digiani María Celina , Gómez-Muñoz María de los Angeles , Notarnicola Juliana , Robles María del Rosario , Navone Graciela Teresa
Published: December 2021

Hassalstrongylus dollfusi (Díaz-Ungría, 1963) Durette-Desset, 1971 was described in a wild house mouse, Mus musculus, from Venezuela and, since then, has never been reported again in the type host or in any other host. In this work, specimens assignable to H. dollfusi were found at 10 localities in Northeast Argentina, in five species of sigmodontine rodents. The nematodes were attributed to H. dollfusi based on diagnostic characters such as: synlophe with 22–31 subequal ridges; in males, hypertrophy of right ray 4 of the male bursa, thickening of the dorsal ray and bases of rays 8, distal tip of the spicules bent and spoon shaped; and, in females, presence of subventral postvulvar alae supported by hypertrophied struts. The new host recorded are: Oligoryzomys fornesi, O. flavescens, O. nigripes, Holochilus chacarius and Akodon azarae. The parasite showed a strong preference for host species of Oligoryzomys, which appear to act as primary hosts. The parasite could be present, parasitizing different species of Oligoryzomys, in a geographic area from the type locality in Venezuela southward to north Corrientes in Argentina. It has not been reported from populations of Oligoryzomys spp. of the Argentinean and Brazilian Atlantic Forest, nor south of 28° S, which may be explained by constraints in the environmental conditions required by the free-living stages of the parasite. This study provides the first identification and redescription of H. dollfusi in southern South America, from autochthonous hosts, six decades after its description.
Doing well by doing good with the performance of United Nations Global Compact Climate Change Champions
Authors: Msiska Moses , Ng Alex , Kimmel Randall K.
Published: December 2021

Are Climate Change Champions favorable to investors? This is the first study of portfolio performance of a fourth generation SRI screening strategy based on United Nations Global Compact firms who are Climate Change Champions. The operational changes made by UNGC firms are real and disproves the notion that UNGC firms are merely green-washing. We find that after firms join UNGC, there is a positive effect on long term portfolio performance. UNGC firms have lower volatility and so less risk than their competitors. We find an apparent mispricing of lower risk in market returns as standard asset pricing models may not be pricing investors’ aversion to climate change risk and preference for firms actively combating climate change. This lends support to Fama and Frenchs’ theory that says that these “tastes” are valid factors to provide a more complete asset pricing model. Our study encourages investment in UNGC-CCC firms as we find there is no underperformance penalty against a conventional portfolio because the lower return reflects lower risk. Thus, our evidence suggests that “doing good for society is also good for business.”
A deep learning augmented genetic algorithm approach to polycrystalline 2D material fracture discovery and design
Authors: Lew Andrew J. , Buehler Markus J.
Published: December 2021

The gestalt of computational methods including physics-based molecular dynamics simulations, data-driven machine learning (ML) models, and biologically-inspired genetic algorithms affords a powerful toolbox for tackling materials mechanism discovery and design problems. Here, we leverage these methods to investigate the complex multidimensional problem of polycrystalline 2D material fracture. We focus first on graphene and in doing so, demonstrate a practical workflow for exploring the structural dependencies of fracture energy. Despite training our ML model on exclusively single crystal fracture in increments of 10° orientations, we can identify a crack branching mechanism responsible for high bicrystal toughness centered at initial crystal orientation angles of 19° and 41°. These high peaks span only a few degrees in range and are completely overlooked by a search with stride 10°. Furthermore, we can discover qualitative physical phenomena such as collective fracture branch termination and extract quantitative trends relating angular dispersion and mis-orientation angles of crystal grains to fracture energy. None of these complex polycrystalline behaviors were presented in the training data, and the predictive power of the model ultimately allows us to expeditiously generate polycrystalline graphene structures with bespoke fracture paths, a task with great implications in industrial design applications and mechanism discovery. Furthermore, the approach is not limited to graphene specifically, as we demonstrate by retraining the model for another more complex 2D material—MoS2—and achieve polycrystalline fracture predictions of comparable accuracy.
High-fidelity reconstruction of turbulent flow from spatially limited data using enhanced super-resolution generative adversarial network
Authors: Yousif Mustafa Z. , Yu Linqi , Lim Hee-Chang
Published: December 2021

In this study, a deep learning-based approach is applied with the aim of reconstructing high-resolution turbulent flow fields using minimal flow field data. A multi-scale enhanced super-resolution generative adversarial network with a physics-based loss function is introduced as a model to reconstruct the high-resolution flow fields. The model capability to reconstruct high-resolution laminar flows is examined using direct numerical simulation data of laminar flow around a square cylinder. The results reveal that the model can accurately reproduce the high-resolution flow fields even when limited spatial information is provided. The DNS data of turbulent channel flow at two friction Reynolds numbers Reτ=180 and 550 are used to assess the ability of the model to reconstruct the high-resolution wall-bounded turbulent flow fields. The instantaneous and statistical results obtained from the model agree well with the ground truth data, indicating that the model can successfully learn to map the coarse flow fields to the high-resolution ones. Furthermore, the possibility of performing transfer learning for the case of turbulent channel flow is thoroughly examined. The results indicate that the amount of the training data and the time required for training can be effectively reduced without affecting the performance of the model. The computational cost of the proposed model is also found to be effectively low. These results demonstrate that using high-fidelity training data with physics-guided generative adversarial network-based models can be practically efficient in reconstructing high-resolution turbulent flow fields from extremely coarse data.
The influence of steel microstructure in high-speed high-load bearing applications
Authors: Sherif Mohamed Y. , Brizmer Victor , Meeuwenoord Ralph , Matta Christine , Broitman Esteban , Nuijten Tomas
Published: December 2021

In the bearings’ segment of machine tools, there is a strong demand for high-performance steel solutions. The bearings may operate under severe conditions of contact pressures of up to 3 GPa; rotating at speed factors in excess of 3 million ndm. Such conditions pose a high risk of bearing seizure failure. Improving lubrication conditions is complex as the bearing operating temperature must be well controlled. Adhesive wear was found to occur in hybrid steel-ceramic contacts. Another relevant failure mode is micropitting. It is demonstrated that macroscopic hardness is insufficient to predict the resistance of steel microstructures to surface-initiated fatigue. In this regard, strain-hardening and the breadth of the range of hardness values of microstructure phases play an important role.
Reduced order model approach for imaging with waves
Authors: Borcea Liliana , Garnier Josselin , Mamonov Alexander V , Zimmerling Jörn
Published: December 2021

We introduce a novel, computationally inexpensive approach for imaging with an active array of sensors, which probe an unknown medium with a pulse and measure the resulting waves. The imaging function is based on the principle of time reversal in non-attenuating media and uses a data driven estimate of the ‘internal wave’ originating from the vicinity of the imaging point and propagating to the sensors through the unknown medium. We explain how this estimate can be obtained using a reduced order model (ROM) for the wave propagation. We analyze the imaging function, connect it to the time reversal process and describe how its resolution depends on the aperture of the array, the bandwidth of the probing pulse and the medium through which the waves propagate. We also show how the internal wave can be used for selective focusing of waves at points in the imaging region. This can be implemented experimentally and can be used for pixel scanning imaging. We assess the performance of the imaging methods with numerical simulations and compare them to the conventional reverse-time migration method and the ‘backprojection’ method introduced recently as an application of the same ROM.
Opening the reheating box in multifield inflation
Authors: Martin Jérôme , Pinol Lucas
Published: December 2021

The robustness of multi-field inflation to the physics of reheating is investigated. In order to carry out this study, reheating is described in detail by means of a formalism which tracks the evolution of scalar fields and perfect fluids in interaction (the inflatons and their decay products). This framework is then used to establish the general equations of motion of the background and perturbative quantities controlling the evolution of the system during reheating. Next, these equations are solved exactly by means of a new numerical code.
Moreover, new analytical techniques, allowing us to interpret and approximate these solutions, are developed. As an illustration of a physical prediction that could be affected by the micro-physics of reheating, the amplitude of non-adiabatic perturbations in double inflation is considered. It is found that ignoring the fine-structure of reheating, as usually done in the standard approach, can lead to differences as big as ∼ 50%, while our semi-analytic estimates can reduce this error to ∼ 10%. We conclude that, in multi-field inflation, tracking the perturbations through the details of the reheating process is important and, to achieve good precision, requires the use of numerical calculations.
Magnetically propelled Carreau fluid flow over penetrable sensor surface influenced by thermal radiation, Joule heating and heat generation
Authors: Gireesha B J , Nagaraja B , Srikantha N , Rudraswamy N G , Felicita A
Published: December 2021

This examination emphasizes the analysis of thermal transmission of Carreau fluid flow on a permeable sensor surface equipped with radiation, Joule heating, an internal heat source, and a magnetic field. With the above effects and assumptions, the equations that administer the flow are formulated. A configured system of equations is productively reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations. The reduced system is then dealt with using the Runge–Kutta-Fehlberg fourth–fifth order tool equipped by the shooting technique. Derived numerical solutions are utilized to plot graphs and tables. The conclusion of the study outlines some important findings such as the power law index, the thermal radiation parameter and the heat source parameter enhance the thermal panel whereas the Weissenberg number deescalates the same. The power law index and permeable velocity decrease the velocity panel significantly. Diagrammatic representation of streamlines of the flow has been given to strengthen the study. A detailed description has been produced about the results obtained in the study.
Intelligent OPC Building Information Management System Based on IoT
Authors: Wang Jing , Tao Quanzhou , An Yuqian , Lu Jiaxin , Gu Xuanting , Wang Chunyan
Published: December 2021

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, computers and Internet of Things technologies, building intelligence is becoming more and more popular. However, as the various functional subsystems and equipment of intelligent buildings are connected to each other, the traditional management system needs to monitor and modulate more and more programs, which will have a great impact on the interoperability of the subsystems. Therefore, a more complete and powerful management system is needed. OPC provides a unified standard that can effectively solve this problem. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to design an intelligent OPC building information management system based on the Internet of Things. This article first summarizes the development history and status quo of OPC technology, and then extends the design principles of building information management system based on OPC. Based on its design principles, a detailed analysis of the various subsystems of the building information management system, such as fire protection, intrusion prevention, monitoring, access control, and central air conditioning, is carried out. This article systematically explained the application of PID in the building information management system. And use comparative analysis method, observation method and other research forms to conduct experimental research on the intelligent OPC building information management system based on computer Internet of things. The research shows that compared with the traditional building management system, the intelligent OPC-based building management system researched in this paper can transmit information faster and have higher accuracy.
Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Decision-Making of Mechanical Manufacturing Process
Authors: Li Zhanfeng
Published: December 2021

The traditional mechanical manufacturing process is to transform all raw materials into the final materials and products and directly into the international market all the production process, in this process we involved a lot of problems about decision-making methods, decision-making process is a most basic production technology activity, it is widely exists in the whole social life and each link of enterprise production. This paper studies the decision-making method of mechanical manufacturing process based on artificial intelligence, optimizes the process parameters of plastic integrated mechanical manufacturing process, and compares it with the traditional decision-making method. Finally, the experimental results are obtained that the traditional decision-based method is reduced by more than 10% in size error. But several experiments, the AI decision-making method appeared deviation, the error results are higher than the traditional decision-making method, which may be objective factors, but also reflects the possibility of instability, in the result of deformation. AI-based decision method performance is higher than the traditional decision-making method, reduce the deformation amount by 3.5%
Dual-Frequency Induction Polarization Electric Field Focusing Based on Intelligent Algorithm for Coal Mine Electric Exploration
Authors: Wang Cheng
Published: December 2021

As the most important and dangerous front-end production link, coal mining operations will inevitably face geological disasters such as water inrush, rock burst, collapse, and fire, posing a great threat to the life and safety of miners. Among the five major geological disasters (gas, dust, water, fire, roof) in coal mines, the threat of flooding is very serious and it is one of the main disasters in coal mines. The research and development of dual-frequency excitation technology and its application in coal mine exploration have realized the elimination of potential safety hazards, improved the work efficiency and safety factor of prospectors, and realized the automated operation of the exploration process. This article explores the electric field of the intelligent algorithm’s focused dual-frequency induced polarization method in coal mine electrical exploration, and summarizes some of the advantages of the intelligent algorithm’s focused dual-frequency induced polarization method in coal mine surveying on related materials, and then conducts related experiment, through the experiment of focusing on the dual-frequency IP method in the coal mine survey, obtained the result, in the abnormal point detection experiment, the change trend of the two curves is the same, the increase is more obvious at 1.3-1.5m, and at 1.5m When reaching the limit value, when it exceeds 1.5m, it starts to fall. It shows that when there is a water-bearing anomalous body directly in front of the tunneling section, the measurement results of the two survey lines are roughly the same. Compared with the no anomaly body, the apparent resistivity and the apparent amplitude frequency both change significantly, and reach the extreme in a certain direction. However, the actual anomalous body is located 1.0m directly in front of the tunneling section, which means that the actual position of the anomaly cannot be determined based on the apparent resistivity and the extreme point position of the apparent amplitude frequency.
Research on Monitoring System of Transmission Tower Operation State Based on Multi-Sensor Data Fusion
Authors: He Pengjie , Dong Yanwu , Yan Yu , Li Jie , Lu Ziqiang
Published: December 2021

In the power network system, the main role of transmission tower is responsible for supporting the transmission line, to ensure the normal operation of the power network system. But the transmission tower in the outdoor, easy to be affected by the external environment, resulting in tower collapse, wire broken and other problems. Based on this, this paper, by using multi-sensor data melting technology on transmission tower operation monitoring system are studied, in particular, the system has carried on the design of hardware, software, and then with the inspection of transmission tower temperature and humidity data fusion, the effective monitoring results, confirmed the feasibility of the system design. Through this research, the aim is to make a modest contribution to the transmission tower motion state monitoring.
Power Grid Planning and Dynamic Intelligent Management System Construction Based on Operation Simulation
Authors: Hu Zhiyong
Published: December 2021

The operation simulation system of the power grid is a complex and huge dynamic model, and its establishment and management are of great significance in power enterprises. The intelligence of the power grid is to manage the power system through computer technology, so that it can provide users with high-quality, convenient, safe, reliable and high-efficiency services. To this end, this article is based on operating simulation experiments to construct a power grid planning and dynamic intelligent management system. The purpose is to provide people with a fast and accurate power management system to facilitate life. This article mainly constructs the system through investigation method, experimental analysis method, data analysis method and so on. Experimental research shows that the accuracy of data obtained by using information technology in power grid planning and intelligent management system construction is relatively high, reaching 93.2%.
Computer Network Security Technology Based on Java
Authors: Gao Qi , Bai Jinniu
Published: December 2021

With the rapid development of Internet, network security occupies the primary position in computer technology. It is mainly to ensure the security of information, can make the information in the network safe transmission. Next, also want to prevent the invasion of soft virus infection. At present, there are many kinds of technologies to maintain network information security. Such as firewalls, anti-virus software technology, file encryption and digital signature technology. This paper describes the vulnerability of network security and the importance of maintaining its security, mainly study the role of Java in computer network security technology and its application in which, finally based on Java network security technology and some other comparison, draw its advantages.
Data Processing System Based on Computer
Authors: Liao Peng
Published: December 2021

With the popularization of computer and Internet, software technology, signal processing technology and real-time processing technology have been applied to all aspects of life, which has caused a surge of data. Therefore, big data (hereinafter referred to as BD) has become the focus of attention all over the world, which requires improving data application and processing technology. Through BD, countries can obtain corresponding knowledge, which will improve the software and comprehensive application of BD. With the in-depth study of deep learning algorithm, we can continuously improve the application of BD, which is a Data Processing (hereinafter referred to as DP) method with high precision, fast speed, flexible use and strong scalability. Through the DP system, we can realize the post demodulation and processing of signals in various equipment, which can achieve the state of data availability. In many ways, we can obtain the required knowledge through the DP system, which will improve the processing ability of the computer. Firstly, this paper puts forward the challenges faced by BD. Then, this paper analyzes the algorithms in DP. Finally, this paper designs a DP system.
Digital Image Processing Technology in Design and Development of Automatic Sorting System for Energy Meter Recovery
Authors: Hu Hao , Liu Bo , Li Wen Jie , Sun He Liu , Ni Tang Sen
Published: December 2021

In order to solve the problems of low sorting efficiency and poor quality caused by manual sorting in traditional electricity meter recovery, this study adopts digital image processing technology to construct an automatic sorting system for electricity meter recovery based on artificial neural network. Firstly, the basic requirements of system construction are analyzed in detail, and then the principle and method of image recognition of artificial neural network are introduced in detail. On this basis, an overall framework of automatic sorting of electricity meter recovery is constructed. Finally, the functional modules are designed and applied, and Azure database is built through SQL Server platform, so as to realize the system application of this research. The final application shows that the automatic sorting system constructed by this study has simple interface and easy operation, which can greatly improve the efficiency and quality of the electricity meter recycling and sorting, and has certain practical significance for the development of the state grid industry.
Research and Practice of Intelligent Tool Setting Device for CNC Milling Machine
Authors: Zhang Qingzhen
Published: December 2021

The utilization of intelligent tool setting device of CNC milling machine can reduce the probability of tool setting error, better guarantee the normal operation of CNC milling machine and the safety of relevant operators, and avoid unnecessary losses. Based on this, this paper first analyses the coordinate system of CNC milling machine and the concept of tool setting, then studies the operation method of tool setting device of CNC milling machine, and finally gives the design and practice of intelligent tool setting device of CNC milling machine.
Computer Simulation Design of Electric Vehicle Dynamic Performance
Authors: Li Suhua
Published: December 2021

New energy vehicles are mainly pure electric new energy vehicles. Pure electric vehicles are powered entirely by batteries, as well as power generators. With the improvement of economic level, scientific and technological progress, as well as the emphasis on energy conservation and emission reduction, the development of pure electric vehicles is more rapid, computer simulation design technology helps to adjust and optimize the dynamic performance of electric vehicles, in 2019, the output of pure electric vehicles reached 56,700, it is expected to reach about 100,000 by 2022. However, due to the limitation of battery technology, the average range of pure electric vehicles is about 200km. So it can only withstand short distances between cities.
Production and investigation of powders for additive synthesis from a new beta-solidifying TiAl-based alloy
Authors: Panin P V , Bogachev I A , Lukina E A
Published: December 2021

Chemical composition, structure, and technological properties have been investigated for metal powder compositions (MPCs) of a new six-component TiAl-based alloy with Gd microadditions: Ti-31.0Al-2.5V-2.5Nb-2.5Cr-0.4Gd, wt.% (Ti-44.5Al-2V-1Nb-2Cr-0.1Gd, at.%). Three MPCs fractions (10–63, 40–100, 80–120 μm) were produced by electrode induction melting and inert gas atomization technique and targeted for the additive synthesis of parts. It is shown that the chemical composition of the MPCs for the main elements corresponds to that of the electrode. In contrast, a 1.5-fold increase of the oxygen content in the MPCs was observed, which is being the result of natural oxidation of powder particles upon air environment due to developed specific surface. It has been determined that the phase composition of the MPCs (γ+α(α2)+β) differs from the equilibrium phase composition of the electrode (γ+α2)+β0/B2) and corresponds to a rapidly quenched metastable state, which indicates high solidification rates in the atomization process, exceeding critical cooling rates of the alloy. The technological properties, specifically the powder flowability, were found to be improved for 40–100 and 80–120 μm fractions, making them applicable for additive synthesis of parts from the studied alloy by selective electron-beam melting method
Mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Mg-RE cast alloys and their plasma electrolytic oxidation
Authors: Zasypkin S V , Cheretaeva A O , Shafeev M R , Merson D L , Krishtal M M
Published: December 2021

The effect of heat treatment on the mechanical properties (hardness, plasticity, yield and tensile strength) and corrosion resistance of several cast magnesium alloys with additions of rare earth metals (Y, Nd and Gd), and their surface modification by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) were investigated. It was found that the heat treatment of the alloys results information of Mg12YZn, Mg3Zn3Y2 and Mg24Y5 based LPSO-phases and causes an increase in hardness and tensile strength by 5-7 and 20-25%, respectively, but at the same time, corrosion resistance of the alloysdrops by 10-20 times. PEO of the alloys after heat treatment reduced the corrosion currents by 1-3 orders of magnitude without changing the corrosion potential.