bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of the French Rescue Teams in Diquini Hospital: Port-au-Prince, January 2010
Authors: Benner Patrick , Stephan Jérome , Renard Aurélien , Petitjean Frédérique , Larger Denis , Pons Dominique , Paklepa Bruno , Deniel Cécile , LeDreff Pierre
Published: September 2012

On January 12, 2010, Port-au-Prince, Haiti, was shattered by a violent earthquake that killed or injured thousands of its citizens. Local emergency services became overwhelmed and international assistance was required. French relief teams were deployed to assist local hospitals in caring for the victims. The medical care activity of the team at Diquini Hospital from January 17-26 was analyzed.

Priority was given to surgery, leading to the creation of a pre- and post-operative area and a medical care unit. Special attention was required for infection prevention, pain relief, minor surgery, and pre-surgery triage. The continual influx of accompanied victims necessitated the creation of a receiving area.

In spite of the assistance from several foreign surgical teams, some patients had to be evacuated to French or American facilities, particularly children, patients with spinal cord injuries, and those needing intensive care.

Analysis of the actions undertaken highlights the importance of well-prepared and flexible medical teams and the ability to provide local and regional anesthesia, including the necessary medical supplies and equipment. Medical care activity, especially post-surgical care, was a predominant, ongoing need. The ability to provide medical care required organization and cooperation among local health care providers and other relief workers.

BennerP, StephanJ, RenardA, PetitjeanF, LargerD, PonsD, PaklepaB, DenielC, LeDreffP. Role of the French rescue teams in Diquini Hospital: Port-au-Prince, January 2010. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012;27(6):1-5.
Scaling flow path processes to fluvial landscapes: An integrated field and model assessment of temperature and dissolved oxygen dynamics in a river‐floodplain‐aquifer system
Authors: Helton Ashley M. , Poole Geoffrey C. , Payn Robert A. , Izurieta Clemente , Stanford Jack A.
Published: September 2012

Biogeochemical cycling within river ecosystems is strongly influenced by geomorphic and hydrologic dynamics. To scale point observations of temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) to a hydrologically complex and dynamic three‐dimensional river‐floodplain‐aquifer system, we integrated empirical models of temperature and biotic oxygen utilization with a recently published hydrogeomorphic model. The hydrogeomorphic model simulates channel flow, floodplain inundation, and surface‐subsurface water exchange on the 16 km2 Nyack Floodplain, Middle Fork Flathead River, Montana, USA. Model results were compared to observed data sets of DO to test the hypothesis that complexity in spatiotemporal patterns of biogeochemistry emerges from a comparatively simple representation of biogeochemical processes operating within a multidimensional hydrologic system. The model explained 58% of the variance in 820 DO measurements that spanned the study site longitudinally, laterally, vertically, and across river discharge conditions and seasons. We also used model results to illustrate spatial and temporal trends of temperature and DO dynamics within the shallow alluvial aquifer, which is an extensive hyporheic zone because subsurface alluvial flow paths are recharged primarily by channel water. Our results underscore the importance of geomorphic, hydrologic, and temperature dynamics in driving river ecosystem processes, and they demonstrate how a realistic representation of a river's physical template, combined with simple biogeochemical models, can explain complex patterns of solute availability.
Angiotensin II potentiates α-adrenergic vasoconstriction in the elderly
Authors: Barrett-O’Keefe Zachary , Witman Melissa A. H. , Mcdaniel John , Fjeldstad Anette S. , Trinity Joel D. , Ives Stephen J. , Conklin Jamie D. , Reese Van , Runnels Sean , Morgan David E. , Sander Mikael , Richardson Russell S. , Wray D. Walter
Published: September 2012

Aging is characterized by increased sympatho-excitation, expressed through both the α-adrenergic and RAAS (renin–angiotensin–aldosterone) pathways. Although the independent contribution of these two pathways to elevated vasoconstriction with age may be substantial, significant cross-talk exists that could produce potentiating effects. To examine this interaction, 14 subjects (n=8 young, n=6 old) underwent brachial artery catheterization for administration of AngII (angiotensin II; 0.8–25.6 ng/dl per min), NE [noradrenaline (norepinephrine); 2.5–80 ng/dl per min] and AngII with concomitant α-adrenergic antagonism [PHEN (phentolamine); 10 μg/dl per min]. Ultrasound Doppler was utilized to determine blood flow, and therefore vasoconstriction, in both infused and contralateral (control) limbs. Arterial blood pressure was measured directly, and sympathetic nervous system activity was assessed via microneurography and plasma NE analysis. AngII sensitivity was significantly greater in the old, indicated by both greater maximal vasoconstriction (−59±4% in old against −48±3% in young) and a decreased EC50 (half-maximal effective concentration) (1.4±0.2 ng/dl per min in old against 2.6±0.7 μg/dl per min in young), whereas the maximal NE-mediated vasoconstriction was similar between these groups (−58±9% in old and −62±5% in young). AngII also increased venous NE in the old group, but was unchanged in the young group. In the presence of α-adrenergic blockade (PHEN), maximal AngII-mediated vasoconstriction in the old was restored to that of the young (−43±8% in old and −39±6% in young). These findings indicate that, with healthy aging, the increased AngII-mediated vasoconstriction may be attributed, in part, to potentiation of the α-adrenergic pathway, and suggest that cross-talk between the RAAS and adrenergic systems may be an important consideration in therapeutic strategies targeting these two pathways.
Helping the General Education Team Support Students Who Use AAC
Authors: Zangari Carole
Published: September 2012

To be successful, students who use AAC and attend general education classes require extensive supports and frequent practice with their communication systems. In this article, I explore the challenges faced by educational teams and discuss strategies for helping general education teachers, paraprofessionals, and others provide the AAC learning and practice opportunities these students need to maximize their communication skills and academic achievement.
Labour Traditions of International Order and the Dilemma of Action towards Iran
Authors: Kitchen Chris , Vickers Rhiannon
Published: September 2012

The New Labour governments viewed Iran as one of their most significant foreign policy challenges. This article argues that they drew heavily on Labour traditions of international order, interests and community in framing and understanding the kinds of threat presented by Iran, as well as in seeking policy responses to meet them. Iran presented a serious challenge to the authority of international organisations and regional and global non-proliferation regimes, all of which were cherished within Labour's internationalist traditions. UK policy towards Iran remained consistent with these internationalist traditions through successive iterations, including support for international institutions, diplomatic engagement and multilateral sanctions. Yet the Blair and Brown governments also faced a mounting policy dilemma by which the application of cherished internationalist traditions failed to achieve desired results, while Iranian centrifuges continued spinning.
Illness trajectory and Internet as a health information and communication channel used by parents of infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: De Rouck Sofie , Leys Mark
Published: September 2012

Background

Internet use became an integral part of the healthcare relationship. Literature indicates that the illness trajectory plays a role in the use of Internet as a health information tool. This study focuses on infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit.

Aim

This study aims to understand how the illness trajectory triggers the use of Internet by parents of infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit, using a conceptual framework influenced by Corbin and Strauss' illness trajectory.

Design

This study was based on a qualitative longitudinal multiple‐case study design.

Methods

From July 2007–August 2008 and from June 2009–May 2010, parents with newborns were prospectively interviewed over a period of 10 months. Parents were recruited in four neonatal intensive care units. The interviews were subject of a thematic content analysis.

Results

The multi‐layered illness trajectory triggers Internet use. Parents' online health information behaviour interacts with other information channels too (such as interaction with healthcare professionals). Parents accumulate knowledge along the illness trajectory affecting their information needs. The sickness trajectory helps to understand the complexity of the information behaviour. Labels have a major impact on the effectiveness of search strategies.

Conclusions

Nursing and other healthcare professionals should become more aware about the complex relationship between information needs and Internet use along the illness trajectory of an infant. As such, they will be more able to assist parents in finding and evaluating high‐quality online information at the right time.
Taking Stock of Malthus: Modeling the Collapse of Historical Civilizations
Authors: Reuveny Rafael
Published: September 2012

The collapse of historical civilizations has received much attention in archeology and anthropology. The findings are in line with the ideas of the classical economist Thomas Malthus, who envisioned a society in which environmental limits crucial for livelihood bind, leading to a Malthusian trap for the society. It is easy to dismiss Malthus as painting an unrealistic global future or to say that his forecast has so far not materialized, but the evolving problem of global warming provides reasons for concern. If our biosphere were to decline drastically due to global warming, no substitute could soon take our biosphere's place. If only to be prudent, it is incumbent upon us to take stock of Malthus. We can gain insight by considering the modeling literature on collapse in resource economics. The literature explains the evolution of the historical societies and attempts to solve their problem. This literature offers a gloomy outlook, although the situation is not hopeless. There are things we can do to avoid a Malthusian outcome for the global society.
Hot Corrosion Behavior of High-Chromium, High-Carbon Cast Irons in NaCl-KCl Molten Salts
Authors: Vuelvas-Rayo S. , Gonzalez-Rodriguez J. G. , Porcayo-Calderon J. , Salinas-Bravo V. M. , Maldonado-Ruiz S. I.
Published: September 2012

A study on the corrosion behavior of a series of experimental high-chromium (18.53–30.48 wt.%), high-carbon (3.82–5.17%) cast irons in NaCl-KCl (1 : 1 M) at 670°C has been evaluated by using weight loss technique and compared with a 304-type stainless steel. It was found that all castings had a higher corrosion rate than conventional 304SS and that the addition of Cr increased the degradation rate of the cast irons. Additionally, corrosion rate increased by increasing the C contents up to 4.29%, but it decreased with a further increase in its contents. Results are discussed in terms of consumption of the Cr2O3layer by the melt.
Synthesis of a New Class of Tris‐ and Bis(1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐amine) Methyl and Ethyl Tris‐ and Bis‐2‐(2‐(2‐benzoyl hydrazinyl)‐4‐oxothiazolidine) Acetate Derivatives
Authors: Darehkordi Ali , Ghazi Somayeh
Published: September 2012

Hydrazine, carbothioamide derivatives 2, 3, and 4 were synthesized by the condensation of 1, 3, 5‐tri carbonyl tri chloride, Terephthaloyl dichloride, and 1, 4‐dicarbonyl chloride with thiosemicarbazide in presence of pyridine as a solvent. The reaction of compounds 2, 3, and 4 with DMAD or DEAD led to the formation of 4‐oxothiozolidine derivatives (4b–c), (3a-c), and (2c-d). The treatment of compounds 2, 3, and 4 with 1, 4′‐diboromoacetophenone resulted in the formation of thiazole derivatives (2g, 3f, 4f). The treatment of compounds 2, 3, and 4 with sulfuric led to the formation of 4H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐thiol derivatives (2f, 3d, and 4d). The cyclization of compounds 2, 3, and 4 in the presence of 2N NaOH resulted in the formation of compounds 2e‐4e containing two or three [1,2,4]triazole rings which are linked to the benzene ring. These compounds are important and useful monomer for synthesis of various dendrimers.
Layered SPURA
Authors: Bendiner-Viani Gabrielle
Published: September 2012

This article explores Bendiner-Viani's visual urbanist Layered SPURA project, which explores the everyday experience of housing, urban renewal, and urban change at the highly contested Seward Park Urban Renewal Area, a failed urban renewal site on New York City's Lower East Side. In collaboration with community organizations and students, the project produces creative yearly exhibitions and walking tours, which, rather than suggesting solutions for a place beleaguered by top-down planning, create unusual spaces for discussion in a site where dialogue is often lacking.
Urinary iodine concentrations of pregnant women in Ukraine
Authors: Sekitani Yui , Hayashida Naomi , Takahashi Jumpei , Kozlovsky Alexander A. , Rudnitskiy Stanislav , Petrova Anjelika , Gutevych Oleksandr K. , Chorniy Sergiy A. , Yamashita Shunichi , Takamura Noboru
Published: September 2012

Background: Iodine requirements increase during pregnancy and previous studies have reported the inadequate iodine status of pregnant women in areas that have achieved iodine sufficiency in the general population. We examined the urinary iodine (UI) concentrations of pregnant women in Ukraine, where the iodine status is showing improvement among the general population.

Methods: We enrolled 148 pregnant women <16 weeks pregnant and 80 healthy women as a control group living in Zhitomir, Ukraine. UI concentration, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), antithyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb), and antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were measured.

Results: The median UI concentrations were significantly lower in pregnant women than in control women [13.0 (ND–51.0) μg/L vs. 62.0 (35.3–108.5) μg/L, p<0.001]. TSH concentrations were significantly lower in pregnant women than in control women [1.7 (1.2–2.7) IU/L vs. 2.2 (1.4–3.1) IU/L, p=0.011], but this difference disappeared when adjusted for age (2.1±0.1 IU/L vs. 2.4±0.2 IU/L, p=0.097). The frequency of TSH over 6.2 IU/L and the frequency of positive TGAb and/or TPOAb were not statistically different between groups (p=0.70 and p=0.48, respectively). The UI concentrations of 142 pregnant women (95.9%) were <150 μg/L indicating insufficient iodine intake.

Conclusions: The UI concentration of pregnant women in Ukraine revealed severe iodine deficiency. Regular monitoring and appropriate nutrition education are essential because iodine deficiency can be easily prevented by adequate iodine intake. The risk of iodine deprivation during pregnancy needs to be assessed locally over time because it may occur in areas that are not globally recognized as being iodine-deficient.
Crystal structure of bis(dimethylamido)-bis(ethyl-3-(pentafluorophenylamido) but-2-enoate)titanium, C28H30F10N4O4Ti
Authors: Mellentin-Born Karolin , Saak Wolfgang , Doye Sven
Published: September 2012

C28H30F10N4O4Ti, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.1509(3) Å, b = 12.6138(5) Å, c = 26.7928(9) Å, β = 91.637(2)°, V = 3091.4 Å3, Z = 4,Rgt(F) = 0.0365, wRref(F2) = 0.1285, T = 153 K.
Surto de Oestrus ovis em ovinos em Mato Grosso
Authors: Schenkel Diego Montagner , Cavalcante Mayda Karine Mendes , Damasceno Everson dos Santos , Campos Artur Kanadani , Furlan Fernando Henrique
Published: September 2012

Oestrus ovis é um parasito cosmopolita que pode acometer ovinos e caprinos. A fase parasitária inicia-se após as fêmeas adultas depositarem suas larvas nas narinas dos hospedeiros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de descrever os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos, macroscópicos e microscópicos de um surto de oestrose em ovinos no estado de Mato Grosso. Os principais sinais clínicos observados foram espirros e descarga nasal. Macroscopicamente havia hiperemia e edema da mucosa nasal. Os achados microscópicos eram caracterizados por hiperemia e edema moderado a acentuado e difuso, associados a infiltrado leve a moderado predominante de mastócitos e eosinófilos na submucosa. Embora a doença fosse observada em um grande número de animais a mortalidade observada nos surtos ocorreu devido à infestação por Haemonchus contortus e pneumonia.
Acidentes e violências entre mulheres atendidas em Serviços de Emergência Sentinela - Brasil, 2009
Authors: Rodrigues Celeste de Souza , Malta Deborah Carvalho , Godinho Tatau , Mascarenhas Márcio Dênis Medeiros , Silva Marta Maria Alves da , Silva Rurany Ester
Published: September 2012

As causas externas afetam de maneira desigual as populações humanas. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar os atendimentos de emergência em mulheres vítimas de acidentes e violências. Foram analisados dados do inquérito de Vigilância de Violências e Acidentes em 74 Unidades de Emergência de 23 capitais e no Distrito Federal em 2009. Analisaram-se 6.965 atendimentos de mulheres adultas comparando-se as faixas de 20-39 e 40-59 anos, em relação a ocorrência de acidentes e violências. Os acidentes foram mais frequentes em mulheres jovens (20 a 39 anos), de cor negra e com escolaridade maior que 9 anos de estudo. A ocorrência de violência também foi predominante em mulheres jovens e negras, porém com menor escolaridade. Entre os acidentes predominaram as quedas (38,6%), seguidas de acidentes de transporte. As violências foram mais frequentes no domicílio (p < 0,000) e a referencia ao uso de álcool predominou entre as vítimas de violência. O tipo de violência mais frequente foi a agressão (84,6%), sendo o agressor do sexo masculino (79,1%) e identificado como parceiro íntimo em 44,1%. É cada vez mais relevante que os serviços estejam capacitados para a atenção integral e humanizada às vítimas desse importante problema de saúde pública.
Antes de começarem as aulas: polêmicas e discussões na criação do Conservatório Dramático e Musical de São Paulo
Authors: Morila Ailton Pereira
Published: September 2012

O Conservatório Dramático e Musical de São Paulo foi fundado em 1906, fruto da iniciativa de vários músicos do Estado de São Paulo. O caminho para sua fundação foi de conflitos, lutas e opiniões divergentes, mas também de associações e objetivos comuns. O objetivo deste artigo é ressaltar esta trajetória, procurando destacar sua intima ligação com as discussões acerca do papel da música e dos músicos na sociedade em transformação.
Novas narrativas do contemporâneo: uma análise crítica do discurso do movimento slow
Authors: Balocco Anna Elizabeth
Published: September 2012

Neste projeto, analisa-se criticamente o discurso do movimento slow nas novas narrativas do contemporâneo presentes na mídia impressa e eletrônica, com o respaldo teórico da Análise Crítica do Discurso. Para tanto, constituiu-se um arquivo de textos de diferentes registros simbólicos e foram investigadas as matrizes de sentido que informam este discurso e as condições de possibilidade para a sua emergência. O foco da análise recai sobre as relações interdiscursivas entre os textos do arquivo, identificadas mediante investigação de suas relações lexicais. Os resultados da pesquisa sugerem que as matrizes de sentido mais importantes no arquivo desta pesquisa são fornecidas por: a) um discurso crítico às tecnologias digitais; e b) um discurso crítico aos valores da cultura do desempenho e da produtividade. O discurso do movimento slow articulado no arquivo, em seus diferentes textos, é produzido de perspectivas diferentes e tem sentidos e valores sociais distintos.
Nas fissuras dos cadernos encardidos: o bordado testemunhal de Carolina Maria de Jesus
Authors: Carrijo Fabiana Rodrigues , Santos João Bôsco Cabral dos
Published: September 2012

Este artigo objetiva referendar a escritura de uma autora que conseguiu alçar voos mais longínquos do que suas limitadas condições socioeconômicas lhe impuseram. Propõe, ainda, mostrar que os escritos de Carolina Maria de Jesus indicam uma cisão conceitual do mundo através de uma ressignificação do discurso do cotidiano e este é materializado através de alegorias severamente vividas. A instância sujeito-autor coloca na experiência empírica de um discurso da exclusão a real experiência dafome e faz deste experimento uma forma de visão social. É inscrito nos aportes teóricos da AD (francesa) que o presente artigo ambiciona olhar para o corpus de base literária, ainda que incanônica, constituída pela obra intitulada Quarto de Despejo - Diário de uma favelada, com vistas a propor um trabalho em interface que, a par de bosquejar os processos de subjetivação, ambiciona, ainda, delinear o que estamos denominando discursividade literária incanônica em Carolina Maria de Jesus.
The Application of the Intelligence Method in the Area of Piles Health Detection
Authors: Xu Shao Hua , Pan Hao
Published: September 2012

How to ensure the health of pile, which is a problem that engineers study much. The principle of back stress wave method is used to detect the health of pile. It studies the synergetic technology of BP algorithm and genetic algorithm. The paper analyses the performance of the synergetic model and applies the model in the area of pile's health detection. Experimental results show that the method is better than the traditional methods.
Application of Multidisciplinary Design Optimization to a Resource Satellite
Authors: Wu Wen Rui , Huang Hai , Wu Bei Bei
Published: September 2012

Satellite system design is a process involving various branches of knowledge, in which the designer usually needs to tradeoff many essentials and takes remarkable time. While multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) method provides an effective approach for complicated system design, it seems especially suitable for such kind design purpose. By applying MDO in satellite system design, the efficiency of design can be expected to be improved and powerful technical supports can be obtained, which means better performance, faster design process and lower cost. According to the Resource satellite mission, width of ground cover and ground resolution are taken as the performance measurement, which combined with total mass of satellite is accounted in the optimization objective in system level. The design variables and constraints of the problem are dealt with disciplines or subsystems such as GNC, power, structure and thermal control. Corresponding analysis modules close to practical engineering are modeled. A MDO program system is developed by integrating collaborative optimization (CO) methods in iSIGHT. The result shows that the comprehensive objective can be improved, which also indicates MDO is feasible and efficient to solve the spacecraft design problem. The technology can be consulted for further research work.
Modeling and Testing of a Seamless Wing Trailing Edge Control Actuation System
Authors: He Yuan Yuan , Liu Li
Published: September 2012

This paper presents an investigation into the modeling and analysis of an innovative actuation system for a wing with a seamless flexible trailing edge control surface. Research was started with the study of aerodynamic behavior and advantage of the wing in smooth variable chamber shape under control. Based on the concept and design, an experimental wing section integrated with the actuation mechanism was built and tested. The main effort was then made to the modeling of the internal actuation system for the purpose of obtaining the physical properties and accurate modeling of the whole wing structural system. To validate and update the numerical model of the system, vibration test of the actuation system including the mechanism and actuator was carried out. Some key parameters such as the stiffness of the actuation system were identified from vibration test data. The investigation demonstrated a practical approach to quantify some key parameters and update the numerical model of an actuation system.
Empirical Research on Forest Carbon Sequestration Environmental Kuznets Curve
Authors: Xu Shan Shan
Published: September 2012

The authors selected GDP and forest carbon storage time series of forest industrial state-owned region in Heilongjiang Province and established carbon sequestration EKC model based on unit root test and co-integration theory. Through regression analysis, the paper reveals the inverted N-shaped curve characteristic between the two variables, and made a conclusion that forest industrial state-owned region in Heilongjiang Province is in a critical condition of the coordination between forest resource preservation and economic growth.
An Association Study of Energy Transformation in Banana Loaded by Force and its Damage Evolution
Authors: Xu Feng Ying , Chen Zhen , Wang Peng Cheng , Zou Xiang Jun , Xu Ce , Deng Sheng Jie , Chen Shi Yao
Published: September 2012

The research on the damage banana quality with loaded mechanical energy has significance to its storage, but there are few researches at present. This paper investigated 3 indexes of the energy and substance transformation in the damage banana by loading, including the change of the respiration rate CO2, the maximum impact stress intensity of fruit re-enduring and the maximum mechanical energy etc. during the storage. The results showed that there existed a significant association between the energy conversion and quality characteristics for the damaged banana, and the energy transformation affected the individuals physiological and biochemical process. There presented a significant trend on the intensity of the loading mechanical energy against the quality characteristics on above 3 indexes during the storage, but the difference between the individual had little effects on it. Decreasing the energy and substance transformation in damage area are the important means of extending the physiology life of fruits, which is an urgent problem to be solved in their field of processing and storage at present.
Dynamics Modeling of the Planar Double Inverted Pendulum
Authors: Wang Hong Qi
Published: September 2012

planar double inverted pendulum is a strong coupling, uncertain and complex nonlinear system, and the dynamics model of which is the basis of control, simulation and analysis. In the paper coordinate systems of the planar double inverted pendulum were first defined, and then the dynamics model of which was built up based on screw theory and the Lagrange principle. The modeling method used being systematic and standardized, it is easy to extend to dynamics modeling of higher order planar inverted pendulums or other multi-body systems.
Relay Sharing and Soft Frequency Reuse Based Frequency Planning in OFDMA Cellular Networks
Authors: Pan Yan Xiong , Han Hui , Zhang Si Hai , Zhou Wu Yang
Published: September 2012

This paper proposed a relay sharing and soft frequency reuse based (RSSFR) frequency planning scheme, which reaches high data rates while using the precious frequency resource efficiently, system performance is analysed and evaluated as well. System performance is enhanced in four aspects: 1) Co-channel interference is reduced significantly, which broadens the area of high achievable data rates in each cell. 2) Base stations (BSs) communicate with fixed relay stations through narrow beam antennas, which boosts the resource efficiency without bringing much interference to mobile stations (MSs). 3) The relay sharing strategy can not only bring down network cost, but also provide a better coverage to cell edge users. 4) Soft frequency reuse on shared relay increases the frequency resource efficiency further. Simulation results show that, a better tradeoff between cell throughput and frequency resource efficiency is achieved in RSSFR.
Novel User Scheduling Schemes Based on Nonlinear Precoding for Multiuser MIMO Systems
Authors: Zhang Cun Yi , Wu Mu Qing , Chen Run Qian , Ma Guo Dong
Published: September 2012

This paper proposes a novel greedy user ordering algorithm for the multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems employing block diagonal geometric mean decomposition method and Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP). Theoretical analysis and computer simulations illustrate its low computation complexity relative to the optimal user ordering achieving by brute search over all the possible ordering permutations resulting in extremely high computation complexity. Meanwhile the bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed algorithm is very close to the optimal user ordering. Moreover, in order to mitigate the impact of users with smaller sub-channel gains to the whole systems BER performance, a joint pre-processing scheme design of adaptive data streams reduction and greedy user ordering (ADSR-GUO) is proposed. By means of choosing different values for the controlling factor, we can obtain different system sum-rate and BER performance to satisfy different quality-of-service (QoS) requirements.
Study on Antibacterial Mechanism of CuAz Preservative on Wood White Rot Fungi
Authors: Wang Ya Mei , Wang Xi Ming , Liu Jun Liang
Published: September 2012

CuAz preservative is a new kind of wood preservative product with high efficient and low toxicity. In order to study antibacterial mechanism of CuAz preservative on white rot fungi, the form toxicological action of preservatives on the wood decay fungi and effect on fungi protein are examined in this paper. The results show that binding forms of toxicological role and protein electrophoresis has changed, we can analyze that the inhibitory role of the pharmacy which is likely to affect the pharmaceutical fungi related to the regulation of DNA synthesis gene expression. Thus prevented the protein and enzyme synthesis, so that the bacteria inhibited DNA synthesis affected the fungi cell division required certain proteins, inhibit certain normal cell growth associated protein and enzyme gene expression and the final result is cell disintegration, and even death.
The Changes of Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and Matrix Metalloproteinases in Neonatal Mice with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
Authors: Xu Jian Wen , Wang Wei , Zhao Xiao Zhen , Zhang Geng , Wei Juan Bing
Published: September 2012

Fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia are key factors which result in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). There is growing evidence that tissue-type plasminogen activator (TPA) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may be involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in the central nervous system. In this study, the transmission electron microscope was used to observe the growth and development characteristics of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), follow by the activity of TPA and the expression of MMPs in HIE model were detected. The asphyxia in female mice within the last day of gestation was produced by a delayed cesarean section. The experiment was designed for 1 control group and 2 asphyctic groups (15min and 30min), then the activities of TPA and expression of MMPs were detected separately. The results showed that the BBB was not fully developed in newborns, their brain microvascular endothelial cells were not surrounded with intact basement membrane and only had discontinuous basement membrane-like materials of varying thickness. The activity of TPA and the expression of MMPs of brain increased after hypoxia-ischemia in vivo. Based on these findings we concluded that the basement membrane at the BBB was a weak link in the brain, TPA and MMPs could degrade components of the ECM. So these enzymes increased after hypoxia-ischemia might be able to attack the basement membrane of microvessels, then open the BBB and induce the cerebral edema.
Analysis and Optimization of Steam Duct for Improving Performance of Steam Cleaner
Authors: Wang Jian Hua , Shen Yun De , Xuan Dong Ji , Cheng Tai Hong , Li Zhen Zhe
Published: September 2012

Not only the price of a steam cleaner but also the performance of it should be considered to improve the competitive power of the products. In this study, a steam duct was optimized by changing the length of guide line for compensating the drawback of the unbalanced mass flow rate of steam from each outlet. For evaluating the mass flow rate of each outlet, a commercial CFD(computational fluid dynamics) code was used. In the process of the optimization, SQP(sequential quadratic programming) optimization algorithm was applied. The numerical method in this study can be widely used to develop a high performance domestic steam cleaner.
A Study of Watermarking Application in Medical Digital Images
Authors: Deng Xiao Hong , Chen Zhi Gang , Deng Xiao Heng , Liu An Feng
Published: September 2012

Watermarking, as a new technology, has been applied widely in medical images field for its advantages. This paper emphasizes on these works as follows: firstly analyzes the secure requirements of medical images and watermarking functions from the practical applications view, and then reviews some typical algorithms of the existing watermarking and presents a universal evaluating scheme for medical digital images watermarking, finally, some further works are proposed. The purpose for this paper is to study the present watermarking methods and promote the new schemes emergence effectively.
Competing Front for Directed Surface Extraction from CT Images
Authors: Liu Xue Shu
Published: September 2012

Outward directed surface extraction from imaging modalities is the first task in the design of implants. In this paper a method based on level set method is proposed to extract the directed surface from CT images. The process is composed of two steps. In the first step, Level Set method with a new speed function is employed to evolve zero level set to its destination and used to cut the desired bone part from the input CT images. In the second step, a simple method is used to extract the directed surface, usually the outward surface, from the separated bone part by removing the interior surface. The experimental results show the proposed method works well.
Electrocardiogram ST-Segment Morphology Variability Analysis Base on Correlation Coefficient Entropy and Inverse Correlation Coefficient Entropy
Authors: Wei Ming , Song Jin Zhong , Yan Hong
Published: September 2012

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a convenient, economic, and non-invasive detecting tool in myocardial ischemia (MI). And its clinical appearance is mainly exhibited by ST-segment deviation. In the paper, the concepts of Correlation Coefficient Entropy (CCE) and Inverse Correlation Coefficient Entropy (ICCE) were proposed and used to compare the differences in morphology variability between ST segments induced by Heart Rate (HR) and by MI. After the Long-Term ST database (LTST) verification, the obvious results obtained with both methods. Whats more, It showed that CCE was better than ICCE comparatively.
Simulation for the 24-Hour Features of Cruising Taxi Operation System
Authors: Mu Chen , Zhao Xiang Mo
Published: September 2012

The complexity of taxi operation system grows out of the inherent dynamics and randomness of taxi services. A simulation model of cruising taxi operation system is presented, through which, the dynamic features of the taxis 24-hour available service can be recurred. A new method of determining the system optimal taxi fleet size is developed. These are helpful to taxi supervisor for providing better service.
Analysis and Design of the Electronic Toll Collection System of Expressway Based on RFID
Authors: Feng Zhi Hui , Ren Yan Na , Xue Peng Tao , Li Ming Jie
Published: September 2012

In order to speed up the vehicles through the expressway toll station and reduce traffic congestion, we analysed of the No-waiting ETC(Electronic Toll Collection System) of expressway unifying the ETC theory and the RFID(Radio Frequency Identification Devices) technology. Firstly, we analysed system's hierarchy architecture, then detailed analysed the basic component of system, and designed the workflow and composing of functional modules, finally, established the model of ETC system of expressway based on RFID, it provides more practical guidance scheme for expressway ETC system.
A Study of the Pass Loss Models Based on Measurement and Simulation
Authors: Yang Yi Huai , Sun Yan Ping , Shen Dong Ya , Xie Yong Gang
Published: September 2012

Modeling the radio channel has historically been one of the most difficult parts of mobile radio system design. Channel modeling is the basis for the high-level network planning process (antennae heights, frequency assignment, base station subsystem parameter set, network architecture, etc... ). In this contribution, we will compare two of the most important outdoor macro-cell models, COST 231-WI model and ECC-33 model with simulation and measurement. The measurement is taken in urban areas.
Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of High Reynolds Number Flow around Blade Hydrofoil of Tidal Current Energy Conversion Device
Authors: Wang Shu Jie , Wang Ying Ying , Yuan Peng , Wang Peng Peng
Published: September 2012

Blade hydrofoil has a vital impact on efficiency of energy conversion of hydro turbine which is the core device in harnessing tidal current energy. In this paper, lattice Boltzmann method, combined with large eddy simulation (LBM-LES), where Smagorinsky model adopted, was proposed to simulate and analyze the performance of blade hydrofoil in tidal current flow with high Reynolds number in engineering application and solved the problem of instability when simulating flow with high Reynolds number using traditional lattice Boltzmann method. The results of simulation were verified by comparing with available experiment data and literatures.
Design and Development of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) General Experimental Platform
Authors: Li Jian
Published: September 2012

Aiming at drawbacks existing in SCM test chambers, people have developed a SCM experimental system featuring simple circuit, low price and practical. Based on necessity and principles of SCM experiment teaching reform, people have designed the overall structure of experimental platform, and elaborated design solutions of system hardware and software. Adopting the pattern of combining listening, watching, doing, thinking and practicing, utilizing hands and brains together as well as letting teachers and students interactive, the development platform has aroused students interest for study, attained obvious teaching results, and also satisfied the actual demand of experimental field for flexible choosing.
Application of GeogrAaphic Information System Technique in the Design of Gas Pipe Network Plan
Authors: Yang Shu Ren , Peng Peng
Published: September 2012

Geographic Information System is widely used in different fields and it has different backgrounds and models these are introduced briefly in this article. Based on the analysis of development background, application and the related trends of development both at home and abroad for pipe network system, some problems are indicated, such as, building the pipe network geographic information system needs to grasp the key technology, including component technology, object-oriented design, databases and pipe network modeling technology, according to the data characteristics of gas pipe network and using MS Windows 2000 (Advance) Server or UNIX as operating system. The overall design plan of Daqing gas company pipe network information system based on the way of Web is put forward and selecting Windows 2000 Professional as client computing operating system for running the ArcInfo 9.x application program and using other geographic information system software to build the geographic information development platform that gives priority to the ArcGIS of ESRI company. The management method of geographic information system is mainly database, elaborating the implementation of all systematic functions and the management process of data and corresponding software and the development of user interface, the access to the database are finished as well. Design of user-interface is practical and convenient, which has the characteristics of easy and flexible operation situation and high visibility. Therefore, it indicates the application of geographic information system technique is to lay a solid foundation for the standardization of enterprises, in the meantime, it can effectively promote the urban construction and economic development.
A Design on the Component-Based Price Checking System in Hospitals
Authors: Wu Hong Hua , Chen Jun , Lu Chui Wei
Published: September 2012

Government price control departments must supervise charges of medical services (CMS) and judge whether hospital charges violate the rules. At present, it is still manual operation to supervise CMS. There are heterogeneous data formats and nonstandard name record if we supervise CMS by using the computer. And it is unable to satisfy the customers frequently changeable request and so on. In view of this, the article proposed a solution of hospital price checking system, which adopts component-based way during design process and combines the computer supervise with the artificial auxiliary determination to remedy the defect of machine determination inaccurate. Finally in the movement process the system can react rapidly. The match precision was high, and the processing speed is quick and so on.
Bulk Diffusion of Homovalent Atomic Probes of Vanadium and Niobium in Single Crystals of Tungsten
Authors: Klotsman S.M. , Tatarinova G.N. , Timofeev Alexander N.
Published: September 2012

The Volume Diffusion of Homovalent Atomic Probes (APs) from the VB Group of the Periodic Ta-Ble of Elements (PTE) – V and Nb in W Single Crystals Has Been Studied by Using the Method of Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). the Parameters of the Arrhenius Dependence of the Coefficients DV of Vanadium Volume Diffusion in W Have Been Measured: (D0)V = (1.3  0.4) X 10-4 M2s-1 and QV = (564 ± 6) Kj/mol. the Parameters (D0,Q)Nb of the Bulk Diffusion of Nb Aps in W Have Been Estimated with the Help of Several Measured Coefficients Dnb and the Empirical Correlation [1,2]: (D = DWW)(Tm)W: the Diffusion Coefficients of Substitutional Non-Magnetic 5d-Aps Coincide with the Self-Diffusion Coefficients in W at its Melting Point (Tm)W. the Enthalpies Qnb,Ta of the Bulk Diffusion of Non-Magnetic (nm) Homovalent Aps from the VB Group of PTE – Nb and Ta [3] Also Coincide with the Relaxation Volumes vacVBAPs of Complexes “vacancies-VB Aps” in the W Lattice. Electron Contributions (EDN)vacVBAPs to the Energies Evacvbaps of Interaction of Point Defects in Complexes “vacancies- VB Nm- Aps” Are Lower than in Complexes “vacancies-IVB Nm- Aps” [4]. the Dependence of {EDN(n)}vacVBAPs the Electron Contributions (EDN)vacVBAPs on the Difference of N Numbers of Periods of PTE the Deviation of Contributions (EDN)vacVAPs for Vanadium Aps to En-Ergies Evacvaps of their Interaction in Complexes “vacancy-VAP” Has Been Determined. this Devi-Ation Is Conditioned by the Contribution of the Exchange Energy (Eexch)VAP of Vanadium to the En-Ergy Evacvaps of the Point-Defect Interactions in the Complex “vacancy-VAP”.
Effect of Plastic Deformation on Electrical and Mechanical Properties of some 5xxx Al Wrought Alloys
Authors: Abdel-Rahman M.A. , Z-El-Sayed N. , Attallah Ahmed G. , Badawi Emad A.
Published: September 2012

The Electrical Resistivity and a Mechanical Property (hardness) of some 5xxx Aluminum Alloys Were Investigated. the Samples Were Exposed to a Type of Plastic Deformation (compression) to Nearly40% Deformation; the Resistivity and Vickers Hardness Being Measured for Every Degree of Deformation. the Investigated Alloys Gave a Good Response to the above Two Techniques, and the Results Were Consistent with each other.
Tronoh Silica Sand Nanoparticle Production and Applications Design for Composites
Authors: Ahmad Tahir , Mamat Othman
Published: September 2012

Tronoh silica sand was ground to nanoparticles using a ball mill and it was observed that the milling process increased the percentage purity of silica in silica sand. The size of the nanoparticles of silica sand was verified by using a ZetaSizer nanoparticles analyzer and FESEM analysis. The silica sand nanoparticles were used to develop and study the characterization and properties of metal, ceramic and polymer based composites. The powder metallurgy and powder processing techniques were used to develop MMC and CMC composites. Compression moulding was used to develop polymer matrix (HDPE) composites. An increased hardness in the case of MMC and CMC was observed. The tensile strength and flexural strength exhibited an increasing trend in the case of PMC with up to 15wt.% of silica sand nanoparticles.
Variable Energy Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy of Perovskite Oxides
Authors: Keeble David J.
Published: September 2012

The application of variable energy positron annihilation spectroscopy (VE-PAS) methods to the study of perovskite oxide, ABO3, material thin films and near-surface regions is reviewed. The primary focus is on ferroic perovskite titanate oxide materials SrTiO3and Pb (ZrxTi1-x)O3, but studies of BaTiO3, LaxSr1-xCoO3, La0.67Sr0.33MnO3and YBa2CuO7-δare also included. Characterization of single layer and multilayer structures is discussed. The methods, in particular positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, allow the identification of cation vacancy defects at both the A-and B-sites with parts per million sensitivity. Varying oxygen deficiency is often observed to result in marked changes in PAS spectra; these effects are reviewed and discussed.
Convective Thin-Layer Drying Characteristics of Sesame Seed
Authors: Dairo O.U. , Olayanju T.M.A.
Published: September 2012

Fundamental Information on Drying and Re-Wetting Characteristics of Agricultural Seeds Is Required in the Design and Aeration Systems as Well as in the Prediction of Drying Rate Using Various Mathematical Models. Thin-Layer Drying Experiments Were Conducted Using Air-Ventilated Oven to Simulate the Artificial Drying at Various Moisture Contents of Sesame Seed (6.9 to 18.2 % W.b) at Three Drying Temperatures of 40, 50 and 60OC. Five Drying Models Were Evaluated for the Thin-Layer Data. the Page Equation Fitted the Data Best, where Selection of the Best Model Was Obtained by Comparing the Coefficient of Determination (R2), the Standard Error of Moisture Content (SEM) and Mean Relative Percent Error (e) between the Experimental and Estimated Values. the Drying Rate of Sesame Seed under Drying Conditions Increased with Increased Temperature of Drying( 40 to 60OC) and Initial Moisture Content of Seed( 6.9, 11.5 and 18.2 % W.b). the Parameters “K” of the Page Model Increased with Increase in Temperature, while, Parameter ”n” Decreased with Temperature Increase and Increased with Increase in Moisture Content of Seed. the Effective Diffusivity Was Found to Be 2.32 X 10-11 M2s-1.
Contests for Ranks: Experimental Evidence
Authors: Bhattacharya Haimanti , Dugar Subhasish
Published: September 2012

We use experiments to analyze multiple dimensions of the relationship between rank incentives and individual performance. In our experiment (i) rank is defined as subjects' relative position in their group based on their performance in a real effort task and (ii) subjects' earnings are independent of their performance. We find that any rank incentive improves mean performance than no rank incentive, and this result is independent of the group size. In the large group, the mean performance increases strictly in all except at the highest rank incentive, but in the small group the mean performance increases weakly in rank incentives. Finally, the mean performance is significantly higher in the large than in the small group because of a higher “prestige effect.” In additional treatments in which we do not reveal the identity of the status‐prize winners, we find that average performance is identical to that in the baseline treatment without any status prizes. The last result signifies the important role that public revelation plays to enhance the strength of status. The results are important for managerial practices.