bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatty Acid Elongation in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kessler Sonja , Simon Yvette , Gemperlein Katja , Gianmoena Kathrin , Cadenas Cristina , Zimmer Vincent , Pokorny Juliane , Barghash Ahmad , Helms Volkhard , Van Rooijen Nico , Bohle Rainer , Lammert Frank , Hengstler Jan , Mueller Rolf , Haybaeck Johannes , Kiemer Alexandra
Published: April 2014

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is characterized by quantitative and qualitative changes in hepatic lipids. Since elongation of fatty acids from C16 to C18 has recently been reported to promote both hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation we aimed to investigate whether a frequently used mouse NASH model reflects this clinically relevant feature and whether C16 to C18 elongation can be observed in HCC development. Feeding mice a methionine and choline deficient diet to model NASH not only increased total hepatic fatty acids and cholesterol, but also distinctly elevated the C18/C16 ratio, which was not changed in a model of simple steatosis (ob/ob mice). Depletion of Kupffer cells abrogated both quantitative and qualitative methionine-and-choline deficient (MCD)-induced alterations in hepatic lipids. Interestingly, mimicking inflammatory events in early hepatocarcinogenesis by diethylnitrosamine-induced carcinogenesis (48 h) increased hepatic lipids and the C18/C16 ratio. Analyses of human liver samples from patients with NASH or NASH-related HCC showed an elevated expression of the elongase ELOVL6, which is responsible for the elongation of C16 fatty acids. Taken together, our findings suggest a detrimental role of an altered fatty acid pattern in the progression of NASH-related liver disease.
Pharmacological Evaluation and Preparation of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Containing an N-Acyl Hydrazone Subunit
Authors: De Melo Thais , Chelucci Rafael , Pires Maria , Dutra Luiz , Barbieri Karina , Bosquesi Priscila , Trossini Gustavo , Chung Man , Dos Santos Jean
Published: April 2014

A series of anti-inflammatory derivatives containing an N-acyl hydrazone subunit (4a–e) were synthesized and characterized. Docking studies were performed that suggest that compounds 4a–e bind to cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 isoforms, but with higher affinity for COX-2. The compounds display similar anti-inflammatory activities in vivo, although compound 4c is the most effective compound for inhibiting rat paw edema, with a reduction in the extent of inflammation of 35.9% and 52.8% at 2 and 4 h, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity of N-acyl hydrazone derivatives was inferior to their respective parent drugs, except for compound 4c after 5 h. Ulcerogenic studies revealed that compounds 4a–e are less gastrotoxic than the respective parent drug. Compounds 4b–e demonstrated mucosal damage comparable to celecoxib. The in vivo analgesic activities of the compounds are higher than the respective parent drug for compounds 4a–b and 4d–e. Compound 4a was more active than dipyrone in reducing acetic-acid-induced abdominal constrictions. Our results indicate that compounds 4a–e are anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds with reduced gastrotoxicity compared to their respective parent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
The Power and the Promise of Cell Reprogramming: Personalized Autologous Body Organ and Cell Transplantation
Authors: Palomo Ana , Lucas Michaela , Dilley Rodney , McLenachan Samuel , Chen Fred , Requena Jordi , Sal Marti , Lucas Andrew , Alvarez Inaki , Jaraquemada Dolores , Edel Michael
Published: April 2014

Reprogramming somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or direct reprogramming to desired cell types are powerful and new in vitro methods for the study of human disease, cell replacement therapy, and drug development. Both methods to reprogram cells are unconstrained by the ethical and social questions raised by embryonic stem cells. iPSC technology promises to enable personalized autologous cell therapy and has the potential to revolutionize cell replacement therapy and regenerative medicine. Potential applications of iPSC technology are rapidly increasing in ambition from discrete cell replacement applications to the iPSC assisted bioengineering of body organs for personalized autologous body organ transplant. Recent work has demonstrated that the generation of organs from iPSCs is a future possibility. The development of embryonic-like organ structures bioengineered from iPSCs has been achieved, such as an early brain structure (cerebral organoids), bone, optic vesicle-like structures (eye), cardiac muscle tissue (heart), primitive pancreas islet cells, a tooth-like structure (teeth), and functional liver buds (liver). Thus, iPSC technology offers, in the future, the powerful and unique possibility to make body organs for transplantation removing the need for organ donation and immune suppressing drugs. Whilst it is clear that iPSCs are rapidly becoming the lead cell type for research into cell replacement therapy and body organ transplantation strategies in humans, it is not known whether (1) such transplants will stimulate host immune responses; and (2) whether this technology will be capable of the bioengineering of a complete and fully functional human organ. This review will not focus on reprogramming to iPSCs, of which a plethora of reviews can be found, but instead focus on the latest developments in direct reprogramming of cells, the bioengineering of body organs from iPSCs, and an analysis of the immune response induced by iPSC-derived cells and tissues.
A Proposed Clinical Decision Support Architecture Capable of Supporting Whole Genome Sequence Information
Authors: Welch Brandon , Loya Salvador , Eilbeck Karen , Kawamoto Kensaku
Published: April 2014

Whole genome sequence (WGS) information may soon be widely available to help clinicians personalize the care and treatment of patients. However, considerable barriers exist, which may hinder the effective utilization of WGS information in a routine clinical care setting. Clinical decision support (CDS) offers a potential solution to overcome such barriers and to facilitate the effective use of WGS information in the clinic. However, genomic information is complex and will require significant considerations when developing CDS capabilities. As such, this manuscript lays out a conceptual framework for a CDS architecture designed to deliver WGS-guided CDS within the clinical workflow. To handle the complexity and breadth of WGS information, the proposed CDS framework leverages service-oriented capabilities and orchestrates the interaction of several independently-managed components. These independently-managed components include the genome variant knowledge base, the genome database, the CDS knowledge base, a CDS controller and the electronic health record (EHR). A key design feature is that genome data can be stored separately from the EHR. This paper describes in detail: (1) each component of the architecture; (2) the interaction of the components; and (3) how the architecture attempts to overcome the challenges associated with WGS information. We believe that service-oriented CDS capabilities will be essential to using WGS information for personalized medicine.
Phenolic Polyketides from the Co-Cultivation of Marine-Derived Penicillium sp. WC-29-5 and Streptomyces fradiae 007
Authors: Wang Yi , Wang Liping , Zhuang Yibin , Kong Fandong , Zhang Cuixian , Zhu Weiming
Published: April 2014

Penicillium sp. WC-29-5 was co-cultured with Streptomyces fradiae 007 to produce five natural products (1–3, 4a and 4b) that were isolated and characterized by spectroscopic analysis. Interestingly, these compounds were found to be different from those produced in discrete fungal and bacterial controls. Among these compounds, the absolute configurations of compounds 4a and 4b were determined for the first time by X-ray single crystal diffraction experiments and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. An evaluation of the cytotoxic activities of these compounds revealed that 4b was moderately cytotoxic towards HL-60 and H1975 tumor cells with IC50 values of 3.73 and 5.73 µM, respectively, whereas compound 4a was only moderately cytotoxic towards H1975 cells with an IC50 value of 3.97 µM.
Action of Clathrodin and Analogues on Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels
Authors: Peigneur Steve , Žula Aleš , Zidar Nace , Chan-Porter Fiona , Kirby Robert , Madge David , Ilaš Janez , Kikelj Danijel , Tytgat Jan
Published: April 2014

Clathrodin is a marine alkaloid and believed to be a modulator of voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels. Since there is an urgent need for small molecule NaV channel ligands as novel therapeutics, clathrodin could represent an interesting lead compound. Therefore, clathrodin was reinvestigated for its potency and NaV channel subtype selectivity. Clathrodin and its synthetic analogues were subjected to screening on a broad range of NaV channel isoforms, both in voltage clamp and patch clamp conditions. Even though clathrodin was not found to exert any activity, some analogues were capable of modulating the NaV channels, hereby validating the pyrrole-2-aminoimidazole alkaloid structure as a core structure for future small molecule-based NaV channel modulators.
Surface Growth and Diffusion Energetics of Ag Monolayers on Cu (001)
Authors: Antipas Georgios
Published: April 2014

The growth of Ag monolayers on Cu (001) was studied by periodic Density Functional Theory (DFT). Despite the limited solid solubility of Ag in Cu, the growth of a single Ag overlayer on Cu (001) was predicted as feasible. In contrast, the growth of consecutive Ag monolayers was found to be energetically forbidden. Inter-diffusion of Ag monolayers into Cu was raised as a possibility but it was dependent on the sequence in which the Ag monolayers were introduced into the Cu bulk. The Ag layers preferred to be kept neither too far apart nor too close to each other, the optimum spacing between two Ag monolayers determined to be that of two consecutive Cu layers. Ag diffusion mediated tensile stress in the Cu cell by causing an increase of the unit cell constant by as much as 22%. Interactions between the Ag and Cu species also involved a degree of covalency. In general, progression of a surface Ag monolayer into the Cu bulk involved charge depletion over the Ag species and a simultaneous charge concentration over neighboring Cu atoms; this mechanism was found to influence Cu up to a depth of four surface layers.
Superhydrophobic Surfaces Developed by Mimicking Hierarchical Surface Morphology of Lotus Leaf
Authors: Latthe Sanjay , Terashima Chiaki , Nakata Kazuya , Fujishima Akira
Published: April 2014

The lotus plant is recognized as a ‘King plant’ among all the natural water repellent plants due to its excellent non-wettability. The superhydrophobic surfaces exhibiting the famous ‘Lotus Effect’, along with extremely high water contact angle (>150°) and low sliding angle (<10°), have been broadly investigated and extensively applied on variety of substrates for potential self-cleaning and anti-corrosive applications. Since 1997, especially after the exploration of the surface micro/nanostructure and chemical composition of the lotus leaves by the two German botanists Barthlott and Neinhuis, many kinds of superhydrophobic surfaces mimicking the lotus leaf-like structure have been widely reported in the literature. This review article briefly describes the different wetting properties of the natural superhydrophobic lotus leaves and also provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art discussion on the extensive research carried out in the field of artificial superhydrophobic surfaces which are developed by mimicking the lotus leaf-like dual scale micro/nanostructure. This review article could be beneficial for both novice researchers in this area as well as the scientists who are currently working on non-wettable, superhydrophobic surfaces.
Surface Roughness Model Based on Force Sensors for the Prediction of the Tool Wear
Authors: De Agustina Beatriz , Rubio Eva , Sebastián Miguel
Published: April 2014

In this study, a methodology has been developed with the objective of evaluating the surface roughness obtained during turning processes by measuring the signals detected by a force sensor under the same cutting conditions. In this way, the surface quality achieved along the process is correlated to several parameters of the cutting forces (thrust forces, feed forces and cutting forces), so the effect that the tool wear causes on the surface roughness is evaluated. In a first step, the best cutting conditions (cutting parameters and radius of tool) for a certain quality surface requirement were found for pieces of UNS A97075. Next, with this selection a model of surface roughness based on the cutting forces was developed for different states of wear that simulate the behaviour of the tool throughout its life. The validation of this model reveals that it was effective for approximately 70% of the surface roughness values obtained.
Generation of Recombinant Rabies Virus CVS-11 Expressing eGFP Applied to the Rapid Virus Neutralization Test
Authors: Xue Xianghong , Zheng Xuexing , Liang Hongru , Feng Na , Zhao Yongkun , Gao Yuwei , Wang Hualei , Yang Songtao , Xia Xianzhu
Published: April 2014

The determination of levels of rabies virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA) provides the foundation for the quantitative evaluation of immunity effects. The traditional fluorescent antibody virus neutralization test (FAVN) using a challenge virus standard (CVS)-11 strain as a detection antigen and staining infected cells with a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled monoclonal antibody, is expensive and high-quality reagents are often difficult to obtain in developing countries. Indeed, it is essential to establish a rapid, economical, and specific rabies virus neutralization test (VNT). Here, we describe a recombinant virus rCVS-11-eGFP strain that stably expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) based on a reverse genetic system of the CVS-11 strain. Compared to the rCVS-11 strain, the rCVS-11-eGFP strain showed a similar growth property with passaging stability in vitro and pathogenicity in vivo. The rCVS-11-eGFP strain was utilized as a detection antigen to determine the levels of rabies VNAs in 23 human and 29 canine sera; this technique was termed the FAVN-eGFP method. The good reproducibility of FAVN-eGFP was tested with partial serum samples. Neutralization titers obtained from FAVN and FAVN-eGFP were not significantly different. The FAVN-eGFP method allows rapid economical, specific, and high-throughput assessment for the titration of rabies VNAs.
A comparison of 16 DNA regions for use as phylogenetic markers in the pleurocarpous moss genus Plagiothecium (Hypnales)
Authors: Wynns Justin T. , Lange Conny B. Asmussen
Published: April 2014

• Premise of the study: Within the Hypnales—the most derived and species‐rich order of pleurocarpous mosses — phylogenies at or below the family level often show poor resolution. In preparation for a phylogeny of the genus Plagiothecium, we wished to identify the DNA markers best suited for evolutionary reconstruction in this group of hypnalean pleurocarps.

• Methods: For each of 25 collections of Plagiothecium and associated taxa, 16 DNA regions were sequenced: nuclear ITS and 26S, and plastid rps4, rps4‐trnL, trnL‐F, trnK (matK)‐psbA, psbA‐trnH, trnM‐V, trnD‐T, rbcL, atpB‐rbcL, psbT‐H, rpoC1 exon 2 (partial), the trnG intron, the rpl16 intron and the plastid ribosomal spacer DNA (cpITS). Each region was evaluated on the basis of its ability to resolve clades, the amount of homoplasy present in the data set, and the relative ease of obtaining the data. Descriptive statistics for each region are given.

• Key results: Under‐utilized plastid markers for bryophytes such as trnK‐psbA, rps4‐trnL, and trnD‐T outperformed more traditional markers such as trnL‐F and rps4. Individual plastid topologies were similar, suggesting that only a limited amount of plastid data are needed to recover a backbone phylogeny. Adding a small amount of nuclear ribosomal data to a large plastid matrix restructured the recovered topology, emphasizing the importance of sampling multiple genomes and the need for new low‐copy nuclear markers in bryophyte systematics.

• Conclusions: Future genus‐level phylogenies of pleurocarpous mosses should target under‐utilized plastid markers such as trnK‐psbA and rps4‐trnL in conjunction with low‐copy nuclear markers.
Gelatinous fibers and variant secondary growth related to stem undulation and contraction in a monkey ladder vine, Bauhinia glabra (Fabaceae)
Authors: Fisher Jack B. , Blanco Mario A.
Published: April 2014

• Premise of the study: Some of the most striking stem shapes occur in species of Bauhinia (Fabaceae) known as monkey ladder vines. Their mature stems are flattened and develop regular undulations. Although stems have variant (anomalous) secondary growth, the mechanism causing the undulations is unknown.

• Methods: We measured stem segments over time (20 mo), described stem development using light microscopy, and correlated the changes in stem shape with anatomy.

• Key results: Growing stems are initially straight and bear tendrils on short axillary branches. The inner secondary xylem has narrow vessels and lignified fibers. As stems age, they become flattened and increasingly undulated with the production of two lobes of outer secondary xylem (OX) with wide vessels and only gelatinous fibers (G‐fibers). Similar G‐fibers are present in the secondary phloem and the cortical sclerified layer. In transverse sections, the concave side of each undulation has a greater area and quantity of G‐fibers than the opposite convex side. Some older stems are not undulated and have less lobing of OX. Undulation causes a shortening of the stem segments: up to 28% of the original length.

• Conclusions: Uneven distribution of G‐fibers produces tensions that are involved in the protracted development of undulations. While young extending shoots attach by lateral branch tendrils, older stems may maintain their position in the canopy using undulations and persistent branch bases as gripping devices. Flattened and undulated stems with G‐fibers produce flexible woody stems.
Freezing regime and trade‐offs with water transport efficiency generate variation in xylem structure across diploid populations of Larrea sp. (Zygophyllaceae)
Authors: Medeiros Juliana S. , Pockman William T.
Published: April 2014

• Premise of the study: The impact of changing temperature regime on plant distributions may depend on the nature of physiological variation among populations. The arid‐land genus Larrea spans habitats with a range of freezing frequency in North and South America. We hypothesized that variation in xylem anatomy among populations and species within this genus is driven by plasticity and trade‐offs between safety from freeze–thaw embolism and water transport efficiency.

• Methods: We measured vessel density and diameter distributions to predict freeze–thaw embolism and water transport capacity for high and low latitude populations of three Larrea species grown in the field and a greenhouse common garden.

• Key results: Among field‐grown L. divaricata, low latitude plants had larger mean vessel diameter and greater predicted freeze–thaw embolism, but higher water transport capacity compared with high latitude plants. Though high latitude L. tridentata and L. nitida had abundant smaller vessels, these plants also produced very large vessels and had semi ring‐porous wood structure. Thus, their predicted embolism and water transport capacity were comparable to those of low latitude plants. Differences among field‐grown and common‐garden‐grown plants demonstrate that plasticity contributes to population differentiation in xylem characters, though high latitude L. divaricata exhibited relatively lower plasticity.

• Conclusions: Our results indicate that a trade‐off between transport safety and efficiency contributes substantially to variation in xylem structure within the genus Larrea. In addition, we suggest that xylem plasticity may play a role in negotiating these trade‐offs, with implications for responses to future climate change.
Characterization of microsatellite loci in the Himalayan lichen fungus Lobaria pindarensis (Lobariaceae)
Authors: Devkota Shiva , Cornejo Carolina , Werth Silke , Chaudhary Ram Prasad , Scheidegger Christoph
Published: April 2014

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite loci were developed for the rare, Himalayan, endemic haploid lichen fungus, Lobaria pindarensis, to study its population subdivision and the species’ response to forest disturbance and fragmentation.

• Methods and Results: We developed 18 polymorphic microsatellite markers using 454 pyrosequencing data and assessed them in 109 individuals. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to 11 with an average of 6.9. Nei's unbiased gene diversity, averaged over loci, ranged from 0.514 to 0.685 in the three populations studied. The cross‐amplification success with related species (L. chinensis, L. gyrophorica, L. isidiophora, L. orientalis, L. pulmonaria, L. spathulata, and Lobaria sp.) was generally high and decreased with decreasing relationship to L. pindarensis.

• Conclusions: The new markers will allow the study of genetic diversity and differentiation within L. pindarensis across its distribution. Moreover, they will enable us to study the effects of forest management on the genetic population structure of this tree‐colonizing lichen and to carry out population genetic studies of related species in East Asia.
Impact of thermal frequency drift on highest precision force microscopy using quartz-based force sensors at low temperatures
Authors: Pielmeier Florian , Meuer Daniel , Schmid Daniel , Strunk Christoph , Giessibl Franz J
Published: April 2014

In frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM) the stability of the eigenfrequency of the force sensor is of key importance for highest precision force measurements. Here, we study the influence of temperature changes on the resonance frequency of force sensors made of quartz, in a temperature range from 4.8–48 K. The sensors are based on the qPlus and length extensional principle. The frequency variation with temperature T for all sensors is negative up to 30 K and on the order of 1 ppm/K, up to 13 K, where a distinct kink appears, it is linear. Furthermore, we characterize a new type of miniaturized qPlus sensor and confirm the theoretically predicted reduction in detector noise.
Educational Datamining in Virtual Learning Environments
Authors: Lustigova Zdena , Brom P.
Published: April 2014

The present article describes the results of a medium-scale (N = 77) study, using log files from open remote laboratory at Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, to observe students' behavior during their work in virtual environment. Simple data mining and text mining techniques were used to reveal individual user's behavioral patterns, to detect disengagement, and to compare learning outcomes and student preferences.
Citizens’ Adoption of Pay-to-use E-Government Services
Authors: Ojha Amitabh , Sahu G. P. , Gupta M. P.
Published: April 2014

Evidence exists that citizens’ demand for pay-to-use e-government services is highly price-elastic. But research on citizens’ adoption of e-government remains almost entirely pre-occupied with contexts wherein it is implicit that citizens would not face any monetary cost implications. The fact that Technology Acceptance model (TAM) and Perceived Characteristics of Innovating (PCI) do not factor in potential adopters’ monetary cost perceptions is a plausible reason for such bias in research efforts. The paper posits a model wherein the value perceived by a citizen in government-to-citizen (G2C) online channel, and traditional public service delivery channel are antecedents of his or her intention to use the online channel. The model was tested in the context of the rail ticketing service of Indian Railways (a Department of India’s federal government). Results support the hypothesized paths, and offer useful managerial guidance to encourage citizens’ adoption. The paper discusses the prospect of certain adverse consequences for public administration and citizens, which could be linked to e-government and user charges, and ways to mitigate them. Research implications are also discussed.
Dot Area Coverage Percentage Measurement Method for Plate Microscopic Image Based on Color Segmentation
Authors: Liu Ju Hua , Yi Yao Hua , Li Cong
Published: April 2014

On the basis of analysis the plate quality detection method in accordance with machine vision, Innovative dot area coverage percentage measurement method for plate microscopic image based on color segmentation was proposed in this paper. Plate microscopic image was transformed from RGB to HSI model. Then the plate microscopic image was segmented according to the saturation and the hue information. It was proved by experiments that the dot area coverage percentage measurement method based on color segmentation was provided with high measurement precision and good plate applicability.
Trajectory Planning and Realizing of an Exoskeleton Device for Hand Rehabilitation Based on sEMG Control
Authors: Meng Qing Yun , Tan Shi Li , Yu Hong Liu , Meng Qiao Ling , Fang You Fang
Published: April 2014

This paper presents a novel exoskeleton training system for hand rehabilitation with the surface electromyography signals (sEMG) feedback to meet the kinematics characteristics of finger joints. In this system, the sEMG is obtained by means of the surface electrodes loaded the forearm antagonistic muscle. The sEMG is amplified about 100 times again after it was preliminarily amplified about 200 times and filter,. Through threshold and the equivalent calculation, the control signal was input into the driving circuit of DC micro motor to control the hand Exoskeleton. The experimental results show that the processed sEMG can drive the hand exoskeleton for rehabilitation training, and the bending angular of joints agree well with bionics laws. The results possess guideline value for bionics motion control of hand rehabilitation with function damage.
An Improved Online SVM Algorithm for Overcoming the Influence of Muscle Fatigue in sEMG Based Human Machine Interaction
Authors: Cai Jun , Liu Rui
Published: April 2014

For the problem that the stability of surface Electromyographic EMG(sEMG) based human-machine interface(HMI) declines as the muscle fatigue takes place, an improved incremental training algorithm for online support vector machine(SVM) is proposed. This paper study the changes of sEMG when muscle fatigue occurs by the method of continuous wavelet transform, and then apply the improved online SVM for sEMG classification. The novel method adjusts the parameters of SVM model to adapt itself based on the changes of sEMG signals and the training data is conditionally selected and forgot. Experiment results show that the presented algorithm performs high modeling precision and training speed is increased. Furthermore, this method effectively overcomes the influence of muscle fatigue during long-term operating sEMG based HMI.
The Affect to Output Torque of Brushless DC Motor Parameters
Authors: Xie Wei Bin , Li Bin , Li Zhan
Published: April 2014

Because of brushless dc motor with ac motor, simple in structure, convenient in operation and reliable maintenance and so on a series of advantages, and has the dc motor running with high efficiency, no excitation loss and speed performance is good wait for an advantage, but the low voltage DC brushless motor output torque is small on the market, can't adapt to the requirements for this problem, this paper proposes a solution of winding and the structure of the stator are analyzed and discussed, some through the motor parameter optimization method for improving the capability of the brushless dc motor overload.
A Sliding Mode Controller of Quadrotor Based on Unit Quaternion
Authors: Lv Yue Yue , Huang Wei , Liu Juan , Peng Zheng Fu
Published: April 2014

In this paper, quaternionbased mathematical model of Quadrotor without singularity is established to avoid Gimbal Lock problem in Euler angles. Flight control algorithm based on sliding mode variable structure control (SMVSC) is introduced to control the attitude and position to approach the challenge of underactuation, nonlinearity and strong coupling. Numerical simulation is conducted to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Application of Fuzzy Control in Linear Motor XY Platform
Authors: Chen Yong Gang , Yan Qiu Sheng , Gong Hang Jun
Published: April 2014

Limited by the matrix operation ability of normal control CPU (e.g. MCU, PLC and so on), the realization of fuzzy control always via the way of “calculate offline and inquire online”. Applications and practices have proved that such a realization method brings system steady-sate error, and limited the application range of fuzzy control. Based on the study of FC theory and the analysis of Mamdani fuzzy reasoning from geometrical meaning, a real-time fuzzy controller is designed and used in a Linear Motor XY Plaform control system based on Motion control card. The results show that the Real-time FC can avoid the steady-state error effectively and improve the

controllability further.
A Control System Design of Underwater Robot for Detecting Underwater Structures
Authors: Zhou Jun , Huang Cong , Liu Bo , Wang Ting Ting
Published: April 2014

Based on an underwater robot with three degrees of freedom (DOF), a control system with autonomous motion and monitoring function is designed to detect the security of underwater structures. With LabVIEW as the PC software and ARM as the main controller of the lower computer, communicating through the CAN bus, this robot system has the ability of walking freely on the dam surface according to the joystick’s signal , and acquiring the robot’s position and posture as well. In addition, a two-way video multiplexer is used to transfer two video signals, which are used for navigation and observation respectively. Finally, the experiment indicated the system could realize the desired goals .
AC-DC-AC Frequency Control System Simulation Analysis
Authors: Ni Hui Jun
Published: April 2014

Asynchronous motor various start models was analyzed through Mat-lab programming. With analysis on AC-DC-AC inverter startup simulation model, the results show inverter startup has advantages of startup time shortened, good stability, and quick convergence.
Design of RIA-Based Remote Monitoring and Management System for CNC Equipments
Authors: Wang Jin Yu , Zhang Qiu Ju
Published: April 2014

According to the requirement of information integration for the CNC equipments, remote monitoring and management system for CNC based on Rich Internet Application (RIA) is developed. The structure and key technology of the system are introduced in detail. Serial port servers are used to realize the network connection of the CNC equipments. Based on RIA structure, the system achieves remote transmission of NC programs, real-time monitoring and analyzing the running status of CNC equipments. With more convenient information processing and more accurate equipment condition mastering, the productivity can be improved effectively.
Automatic Control Technology of Ironing Goose Feathers
Authors: Jiang Ping , Gu Jing Jing , Zhou Gen Rong
Published: April 2014

This paper studies an automatic control device applied to goose feather ironing. It is a hybrid control system which incorporates sequential control, electric-drive control and temperature control. The device centers on PLC and takes advantage of the Y-axis and Z-axis servo drives to obtain an optimal control path. The fuzzy control technique used in temperature loop can restrain the temperature disturbance effectively. By using the human-machine exchange interface technology based on touch-screen, the device realizes user interface and system monitoring capabilities. Compared with the traditional machine, the new device can improve the production efficiency and quality significantly.
Human Face Expression Recognition Based on Feature Fusion
Authors: Gong Ting , Liu Yu Biao
Published: April 2014

The Gabor wavelet is the important technique widely used in the areas of images recognition such as human face expression, it extract the more important grain features for face expression effective, but it does not take into account the relative changes in the important characteristics of each location of the point features. Aiming at recognizing the information of human face expression, fuse the geometry feature based on angle changes at key parts on face expression, and then a radial basis function (RBF) neural network is designed as the classifier to perform recognition. The results of the experiment in the human face expression database indicate that the recognition rate by the feature fusion is obviously superior to that of traditional method.
Controlled Synchronization of Time-Delayed System
Authors: Dong Zi Qi , Liu Yong Chun , Lin Da , Yang Yun Jin
Published: April 2014

The work focuses on synchronization of time-delay chaos systems. A theoretical analysis for time-delayed system is provided. By using the Lyapunov-Krasovskii approach, a synchronization condition is obtained. Finally, conditions are used for synchronization of time-delay chaos systems, and simulations verify the validity of obtained result.
The Control System for Metal Forming Based on Computer Aided Design
Authors: Wang Zhu , Liu Miao Miao
Published: April 2014

This paper presents the design of control system of direct metal deposition forming software. The system which is designed by VC++ software employs the ideas of object-oriented and data stream. The metal parts are abstracted into objects and classes to realize the reusability and scalability. The software control system has realized from the machine initialization, digital control code generation, forming process control, process parameter management module. The control system can improve the forming quality and achieve the best forming process control, saving the metal parts of the development time and cost of development.
The Research of Field-Control Layer of Distributed Pipe Welding Control System
Authors: He Sheng , Fu Hong , Chen Tian Yi , Wang Wei
Published: April 2014

The paper introduces the entirety design structure of distributed pipe welding control system. According to demand of pipe welding control, we design and achieve the DSP master control node of field-control layer. The DSP master control node is transplanted by DSP/BIOS operating system, and welding function modular is divided into several independent processes, which is controlled and scheduled. To enhance speed regulating scope and response time of rotation and wire feeding module of brush DC motor, we use feedforward-feedback control mode. Aim at particularity of pipe welding environment and variety of communication data type, the communication between field-management layer and field-control layer is CAN communication. We transplanted CAN-open protocol on it.
Control of Bidirectional AC-DC Converters for DC Microgrid Application
Authors: Xiong Yuan Sheng , Ma Shang Xing
Published: April 2014

Three-phase bidirectional AC/DC converter acts as a key part in DC microgrid. To improve the stability of DC bus voltage for the grid-connected mode in DC microgrid, a sliding mode or PI controller based on SVPWM modulator is designed for the bidirectional AC/DC converter in inverter mode. When the error between grid-connected current reference value and actual value is larger than the threshold value, the sliding mode controller is used. Otherwise, the PI controller is adopted. The great grid-connected current reference value fluctuation is simulated in PSIM software when the DC microgrid operates in the grid-connected inverter mode. The simulation results show that the gird-connected current actual value can fast track with the reference value. Then the dynamic response performance of DC bus voltage is improved.
Adaptive Control System of Coated Seed Dryer
Authors: Yuan Yan Wei , Sun Zheng , Li Shu Jun , Dong Xin , Zhang Jun Ning , Zhou Li Ming
Published: April 2014

In order to improve the efficiency of the coated seed dryers, improve the drying quality and reduce energy consumption, the adaptive control technology of coated seed dryer was studied. Detection system for temperature measuring, material level measuring, and wind speed and direction measuring were fixed on the drying equipment. According to the detected data, the adaptive control system controlled the dryer blade to adjust the temperature and intensity of air intake. This technology accurately controlled the drying air temperature, moisture and moisture content in the seeds. The test results show that the drying efficiency is 1.38 times of the original dryer, while the power consumption reduces to 40.05%, and intake air temperature reduced 19.84°C, which can improve the seed activity.
A Comparison of Analysis Flywheel Stress Distributions Based on Different Material
Authors: Chen Hong Liang , Zhu Chang Sheng , Ye Peng
Published: April 2014

Flywheels serve as kinetic energy storage and retrieval devices with the ability to deliver high output power at high rotational speeds as being one of the emerging energy storage technologies available today in various stages of development. This article analyzes the three-dimensional stress distribution of flywheel in Finite-element analysis. It is compared flywheel made of different material to meet the design of reasonable safety composite flywheel.
Detection and Analysis of Rats’ Bioelectromagnetic Signal
Authors: Cao Hong Long , Qin Fen Ju , Liu Xue Guan , Zhao He Ming
Published: April 2014

In this paper, we designed an automatic system and automatic test software, and they can carry out Kunming rats bioelectromagnetic measurement in standard status and anesthesia automatically in anechoic chamber where the electromagnetic field outside is shielded, the reflection wave is absorbed, and the measurement accuracy will be improved. We get a great number of measurement data with frequency-sweep measurement method. The mean and standard deviation of amplitudes vs. frequencies is calculated and analyzed. The results show the measurement method is feasible. We have plotted the means of measured data as multiple sets of Y values in a series of bars with standard deviations bars included and distributed in the frequency axis of X. It is found that the fluctuation of the mean and standard deviation in some frequencies is not evident which may explain frequency window effects, while in other frequencies, such a fluctuation can be obviously observed, which may suggest that bioelectromagnetic signal is influenced by biological activities (standard and anaesthesia status) in these frequency points.
Point Cloud Registration Method Based on Face-Mating after Denosing
Authors: Chen Tian Fan , Gao Cheng Hui , He Bing Wei
Published: April 2014

A method is presented to accurate face-mating point cloud registration after dealing with noise point. Point cloud registration is divided into two parts,firstly,coarse registration is applied for visual point cloud,then three local sufaces of overlap cloud region are selected to be mating calculated after denosing base on least squares fitting , at last accurate splicing parameters of translation and rotation are acquired by nonlinear least square .This algorithm is easy to deal with the denosing, has faster convergence speed and higher registration accuracy.Its feasibility is proved by samples.
Research on Topology Optimization of Mine Hoist Spindle Device
Authors: Qiu Lin
Published: April 2014

This paper is based on ANSYS finite element analysis software for the platform. It gets the hoister spindle device overall assembly analysis by the finite element theory and method, and gets the overall stress and strain of convective cloud. It is the foundation for further overall structure optimization design and assembly analysis research. It gets topological optimization analysis for the board of the picture of drum, and gives humanoid pore model board important reference value. It provides effective theoretical basis for mine hoist spindle devices the whole optimization design.
Study on Knee Movement Mechanical Simulation in Basketball Shooting
Authors: Liu Jun Qian
Published: April 2014

Application of sports biomechanics, sports biomechanics analyses of technical action shots, biomechanical characteristics obtained the basketball shooting skill and summarize the influencing factors of sports biomechanics shooting rate, especially for the shot before the body, lower limbs of each part of the action process were studied.
Research on False Points Removing of Speech Segmentation
Authors: Wang Chong , Zhao Jun Feng , Huang Rong
Published: April 2014

In speech signal processing, the techniques of speech segmentation as front end of preprocessing have great importance in speech enhancing, coding and recognition. This paper analyzes the performances of several typical algorithms of speech segmentation, which are compared with each other. It put emphasis on the study of the algorithm based on the wavelet transformation. The smooth and gradual changing low frequency component can not segment the speech efficiently. In order to solve the problem, this paper put forward to an algorithm based on the cumulate energy of the wavelet transformation which promotes the precision of the segmentation on the phoneme level. But as a result of the wavelet sensitivity, it will present certain number of false spots. Therefore this paper proposes tow methods removing false spots. Finally it makes certain summary to these technologies.
Design of Variable Cylinders Internal Combustion Engine with Energy Recovery Systems
Authors: Tang San Li
Published: April 2014

Variable cylinders internal combustion engine works with variable number of cylinders. For gasoline engines, the fuel consumption rate rises rapidly with the decline of shaft power when operating at low load. If we reduce the number of cylinders but keep a constant power, each cylinder has more load and then works with low fuel consumption. At the same time, the spare cylinder can be used as an air compressor to recycle the energy lost in deceleration, braking or idle state. Pressed air is the carrier of recycled energy. Experiments show the fuel saving function similar to small-engine cars and energy recovery similar to expensive hybrid cars.
The Energy Saving Pumping Unit System Design and Analysis
Authors: Meng Hong Jun , Wang Zhan Lin
Published: April 2014

With the development of oil field production demand today, pumping unit is developing towards the direction of energy saving, intelligent. According to the present status of the oilfield, this paper designed a kind of intelligent energy saving pumping unit system, the system acceleration and deceleration process is very short, most of their working time in uniform motion in a stroke, and the beam pumping unit has been alternating deceleration process all the time compared with good energy saving effect. Energy store system is designed, the system not only reduces energy consumption, and make the motors can be started with initial velocity, shorten the motor start-up time, the motor starting current is stable running current of 4 to 7 times, so that reduces the starting current impact. To test this idea, modeling of motor, and the simulation analysis, the results confirmed the idea very well. Finally, in the principle of the pumping unit system prototype experiments, the experimental results show that the pumping unit system has significant energy-saving effect and the intelligent characteristics.
Characterization and Activation of Pyrolytic Cooking Oil Tar from Fast Pyrolysis
Authors: Xie Zheng Wen
Published: April 2014

A thermogravimetric system was designed, in which a large amount of sample (about 10 g) can be examined. Test of the combustion characteristics of cooking oil tar in pipe was conducted. Wavelet transform was introduced to the thermogravimetric data smoothing and differentiation analysis according to the experiment results, and the orthogonal test method was used to find the optimize wavelet parameter. Wavelet transform results were compared to the traditional Moving average,Gaussian Smoothing and Vondrak smoothing methods and it was proved that the signal-to-noise ratio () of the measurement is increased significantly. The kinetic parameters calculated from the original TG curves and smoothed DTG curves have excellent agreement,and thus the wavelet transform smoothing algorithms can be used directly and accurately in kinetic analysis.
Diffusion and Oxidation Wear of Superhard Cutting Tool Based on Thermodynamics Solubility
Authors: Shao Fang , Wang Yu Ting , Zou Li Jing , Wu Yan Ying , He Chuan
Published: April 2014

Cutting temperature always highly reaches over to 1000°C? when high speed machining with PCBN tools. Diffusion of tool material element may have important influence on tool wear at such high temperature, the diffusion wear and oxidation wear have become the major wear mechanism. In this paper, the rules of diffusion wear and oxidation wear for PCBN cutting tools are proposed and analyzed based on thermodynamics theory. Dissolution concentrations in typical normal workpiece materials of PCBN tool material at different temperature are then calculated. Diffusion reaction rules in high temperature are developed and analyzed using Gibbs free energy criterion. The machining tests were conducted using the PCBN tools at different cutting speeds of 50, 95,100 and 180 m/min, feed of 0.1, 0.2 and depth of cut of 0.1, 0.8, 1, and 1.5 mm respectively on PUMA300LM numerically-controlled lathe. It was found that the theoretical results were uniform with the experimental data; the results will provide useful references for tool material design and selection.
Numerical Simulation of Crack Development in Reinforced Concrete Beam with Different Shear Span Ratios
Authors: Zhang Juan Xia , Chen Zhong Hui , Guo Xian Zhang , Tang Chun An , Liang Zheng Zhao
Published: April 2014

The periodically distributed fracture spacing phenomenon exists in the failure process of the pure bending region of the reinforced concrete beam. A numerical code RFPA3D (3D Realistic Failure Process Analysis) is used to investigate the crack distribution rule of reinforced concrete beam with different shear span ratios. The displacement-controlled loading scheme was used to simulate the complete failure process of reinforced concrete beam. The numerical simulation results were agreed well with the theoretical analysis and experiment observations. The study is focused on the failure process of the reinforced concrete beam and the effects of the shear span ratio on the failure mode.
Study on the Slab Rolling Force Based on Thermal-Mechanical Coupling Analysis
Authors: Dong Zhao Wei , Wan Xiao Hang , Huang Zhan Ping , Liu Sheng Yong
Published: April 2014

In order to increase rolling efficiency and production quality, adopted the finite element method, the rolling force analysis model of 3500mm rolling mill is established in this paper based on the thermal mechanical analysis theory, According to the rolling technology parameters in actual production, the rolling process of plate rolling is systematic studied, which thinks about the thermal stress caused by uneven temperature distribution. The law of technology parameters influencing rolling force is gained, which uses in the optimization of rolling process, improves production efficiency. it has important significance to reduce the energy consumption.
The Simulation of Slab Rolling Process Based on FEM Analysis
Authors: Wan Xiao Hang , Dong Zhao Wei , Liu Sheng Yong , Wang Yan Hui
Published: April 2014

Used the finite element method, the rolling process analysis mod Analysis el of 3500mm rolling mill is established in this paper based on the thermal mechanical analysis theory, according to the rolling technology parameters in actual production, the rolling process of plate rolling is systematic analyzed, which thinks about the thermal stress caused by uneven temperature distribution. The law of technology parameters influencing rolling process is gained, which uses in the optimization of rolling process, improves production efficiency. it has important significance to reduce the energy consumption.