bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy for Hypertension Complicated by Refractory Heart Failure: An Analysis of Safety and Nursing Highlights
Authors: Zhang Miaoli , Li Jingfeng
Published: September 2022

Objective. This research is aimed at analyzing the safety profile and nursing highlights of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for hypertension (HT) complicated by refractory heart failure (RHF). Methods. Sixty-six HT + RHF patients admitted between March 2018 and December 2021 were enrolled and assigned to two groups: a CRRT group with 33 cases treated with CRRT and a control group with 33 cases intervened by routine treatment. The therapeutic effect and alterations of cardiac function (CF) indexes were observed in both cohorts. Besides, statistics were made in terms of serum B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) concentrations, time of asthma relief, heart rate recovery (HRR), edema resolution, and hospitalization, as well as incidence of adverse reactions (ARs). Finally, pre- and posttreatment psychological quality and pain of both cohorts of subjects were assessed using the self-rating anxiety and depression scale (SAS and SDS) and visual analogue scale (VAS), respectively. Results. CRRT group exhibited higher overall response rate and better CF than control group (

P
<
0.05

), with lower BNP, CRP, and MAP levels, and shorter time of asthma relief, HRR, edema resolution, and hospitalization (

P
<
0.05

); the incidence of ARs was similar (

P
>
0.05

); for both groups, the scores of SAS, SDS, and VAS reduced statistically after treatment (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. CRRT can effectively improve the therapeutic effect and CF of patients with HT complicated by RHF, to protect the health and safety of patients.
Analysis and Improvement of Tennis Motion Recognition Algorithm Based on Human Body Sensor Network
Authors: Pan Neng , Wang Yang , Tong Jun
Published: September 2022

With the development of digital image technology and human body sensor network, the error recognition model of tennis serving motion constructed by human beings based on this technology has also attracted more and more attention of the tennis lovers. Among the traditional methods, the tennis serve error recognition method mainly includes the tennis serve error recognition method based on feature resolution reconstruction, but it is difficult to realize the tennis serve error recognition. The traditional method of tennis serve action error recognition has poor feature recognition ability and detection and recognition ability. In this paper, a tennis serve error identification method based on human body sensor network (body area network) is proposed, and the simulation test analysis is carried out. The experimental results show that this method has superior performance in improving the ability of tennis serve error recognition. Relevant research can not only improve the accuracy of tennis movement error recognition, but also effectively promote the technical application and theoretical improvement of this technology in related fields.
Collaborative Control Technology of Crosscut Floor Heave in Soft Rocks under Deep High Horizontal Stress
Authors: Liu Hongyang , Liu Chengwei , Zhai Minghua , Zhang Peng , Wang Longjiang , Wang Feng , Liu Jiangang
Published: September 2022

The repair rate of deep permanent roadways is about 90%, and most of which are projects treating floor heave. The deformation behaviors of crosscut were analyzed in the work according to a trackage crosscut at the shaft station of Panyidong Coal Mine in Huainan, China. Crosscut has complex characteristics such as globality, difference, and rheology under deep stress because that crosscut passes through multiple strata. The mechanism of crosscut floor heave was studied based on on-site in situ stress tests and surrounding rock composition tests. The floor heave of trackage crosscut is water swelling in the mudstone and sandy-mudstone areas where the mineral components are mainly kaolinite and illite mixed layers. In the areas of fine and medium-fine sandstone, trackage crosscut is in shear dislocation under high horizontal stress. The slip-line field theory was used to study the ultimate load and maximum failure depth of crosscut floor heave. According to the deformation characteristics of crosscut floor heave, a collaborative control technology enhancing the bearing structure of all-sided surrounding rocks was proposed, including filling of the U-shaped steel supports, shallow grouting in the all-sided surrounding rocks and deep grouting in the floor and inverted arches. A support scheme for repairing the floor was designed based on the specific engineering geology of trackage crosscut floor heave at the shaft station of the Panyidong Coal Mine. After repairing, the crosscut floor heave was monitored for 70 d. The results showed the following. (1) After repairing, the maximum cumulative floor heave was 45.3 mm, which was only 8.1% of that before repairing. (2) Crosscut floor heave changed greatly within one week after repair, with a maximum floor heave speed of 4.7 mm/d. The floor heave speed was maintained below 1 mm/d after 40 d, and the floor heave tended to be stable after 60 d. The collaborative control technology enhancing the bearing structure of all-sided surrounding rocks could control the crosscut floor heave in soft rocks under deep high horizontal stress.
Understanding the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem and Identifying Appropriate Spatial Units while Studying the Influence of the Built Environment on the Traffic System State
Authors: Li Tian , Zhang Mengmeng , Jiang Haobin , Jing Peng
Published: September 2022

Spatially aggregated data are prone to the effects of the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP), which applies to built environments and traffic data. Although various studies have been carried out to explore the impact of built environment factors on traffic systems, few have considered MAUPs, which may result in statistical inconsistency. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of MAUPs on statistical variables and geographically weighted regression results when evaluating the influence of the built environment on the traffic system state. Fifty sets of spatial configurations were created using the different aggregation criteria. The variance inflation factor and spatial autocorrelation of the variables, as well as the R2 and root mean squared error of the GWR model, were used to assess the MAUP effect. The results show that the index variation is more dependent on the scale of the spatial unit than on zoning type. In the case study presented, based on the available dataset, the optimal spatial unit size for analyzing the influence of the built environment on Jinan’s traffic system was 900 m × 900 m.
Classification of Land Cover Remote-Sensing Images Based on Pattern Recognition
Authors: Xie Haoyan , Huang Hai
Published: September 2022

With the development of remote sensing technology, remote sensing image data plays an active role in the dynamic monitoring of global resource changes and land cover utilization. Remote sensing image land cover classification is an important application direction of remote sensing data; how to further improve the accuracy of remote sensing image land cover classification is very important for the effective application of remote sensing data. The traditional remote sensing image land cover classification is mainly to classify remote sensing data according to the spectral data of ground objects. However, due to the complex environment of remote sensing images and the dynamic changes of the environment, traditional classification methods based only on pixel spectral data are often unable to achieve. A satisfactory classification result is achieved. In addition, some researchers have also proposed to combine pixel neighborhood texture information to supplement spectral feature data. Although the traditional classification method based on spectral features solves the problem of time-consuming visual interpretation, to a certain extent, due to the limited semantic expression ability and poor generalization ability of the design features, the classification accuracy is still not very satisfactory. This paper mainly studies the classification method of land cover remote sensing image based on pattern recognition. This paper is based on the experimental results of remote sensing data in Nanjing Yuhuatai District in 2018 and 2019. The ground resolution of the data is 2.5 meters. Data is projected, corrected, and equalized. Half of the images covering 43.75 square kilometers are used as training samples, and the remaining 50 square kilometers are used for detection. In the classification results of this IndianPines data, OA only increased by nearly 10% to 86.2%, AA increased by 13%, r was 82.77%, and Kappa coefficient was 0.84. In the classification results of Salinas data, both OA and AA increase by about 5%, and the optimization effect is not obvious.
Optimized LSTM Networks with Improved PSO for the Teaching Quality Evaluation Model of Physical Education
Authors: Qu Zhaohui , Yin Jiexiu
Published: September 2022

Effective teaching behavior in physical education has an important impact on the quality of classroom teaching. To overcome the shortcomings in the existing university teaching quality assessment procedure, this paper designs an evaluation model for physical education departments based on long short-term memory networks (LSTM) with the improved particle swarm optimization (PSO). The model is constructed by analyzing the connotation and index system of teacher education teaching quality and constructing a fan-leaf structure model of teacher education teaching quality. Then, an improved PSO-LSTM model is proposed to train the teaching samples. The evaluation model applies the improved LSTM model and optimizes the network structure by dynamically adjusting the learning rate. The model is then optimized for the number of neurons and iterations of the network using the improved PSO. The results of the experiment indicate that the proposed model is effective in evaluating the quality of physical education. Moreover, the model analysis’ accuracy has greatly improved. This helps teachers have a comprehensive understanding of classroom dynamics and improve their professional competence and classroom teaching quality.
D‐Dimer‐to‐Albumin Ratio: A Novel Indicator to Predict Poor Outcomes in Patients with HBV‐Associated Decompensated Cirrhosis
Authors: Sun Lin , Ding PingPing , Mao WeiLin , Wu JianPing
Published: September 2022

Background. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of D‐dimer‐to‐albumin ratio (DAR) on outcomes in patients with hepatitis B virus‐associated decompensated cirrhosis (HBV‐DeCi). Methods. A total of 172 HBV‐DeCi patients were enrolled. Logistic regression was used to explore the association between DAR and 30‐day mortality. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the performance of DAR for predicting mortality. Results. The 30‐day mortality was 19.8%. DAR was clearly higher in the nonsurvivors compared with the survivors, and increasing DAR was associated with an increasing risk of death. DAR was independently associated with mortality and its AUC for mortality was equivalent to that for Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score. Conclusions. DAR may be a potential prognostic marker for mortality in HBV‐DeCi patients.
Clinical Application of Digital 3D Reconstruction and 3D Printing Technology in Endometrial Cancer (EC) Surgery
Authors: Luo Fang , Yang Qin
Published: September 2022

Aims. We use CTA and magnetic resonance data to use digital three-dimensional reconstruction and 3D printing technology to reproduce the solid replication of the uterus and surrounding tissues in vitro, fully evaluate the adjacency of tumor tissues with surrounding important organs, blood vessels, and lymph nodes, and reduce the impact. The normal organ structure and function of the surgeon can shorten the operation time, reduce the bleeding during the operation, and reduce the perioperative complications of the patient to improve the prognosis of the patient. Materials and Methods. Select 40 EC patients and divide them into group A (3D reconstruction data is transmitted to 3D printing equipment according to the results of CTA and MRI examination, and a 3D model is printed out according to the ratio of 1 : 1 for evaluation and judgment before surgery) and group B (according to MRI imaging examination, there were 20 cases each). Different surgical conditions, quality of life, adverse reactions, and clinical efficacy were evaluated in each group. Results. The operation time, the time of the first anus exhaust, the hospitalization time after the operation, and the blood loss of the operation in group A were significantly lower than those in group B. Statistics showed that the difference was significant (

P
<
0.05

). The quality of life scores of emotion, cognition, society, and overall health of group A were significantly higher than those of group B, while physical score, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and pain were lower than those of group B, which were statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Both groups of patients had complications after the operation, and they were asked to be followed up at the outpatient clinic 3 months after the operation. All patients recovered well. There were 19 and 18 patients in groups A and B, respectively, complaining of improvement in clinical symptoms, and the difference was not statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. With the support of digital three-dimensional reconstruction and 3D printing technology, complex operations can be accurately performed, improving the efficacy and safety of patients after EC surgery, improving patient outcomes and quality of life, improving EC positioning accuracy, and reducing tumor residue.
Family History of Prostate and Breast Cancer Integrated with a Polygenic Risk Score Identifies Men at Highest Risk of Dying from Prostate Cancer before Age 75 Years
Authors: Plym Anna , Zhang Yiwen , Stopsack Konrad H. , Jee Yon Ho , Wiklund Fredrik , Kibel Adam S. , Kraft Peter , Giovannucci Edward , Penney Kathryn L. , Mucci Lorelei A.
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Family history of prostate cancer is one of the few universally accepted risk factors for prostate cancer. How much an assessment of inherited polygenic risk for prostate cancer adds to lifetime risk stratification beyond family history is unknown.

Experimental Design:

We followed 10,120 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study with existing genotype data for risk of prostate cancer and prostate cancer–specific death. We assessed to what extent family history of prostate or breast cancer, combined with a validated polygenic risk score (PRS) including 269 prostate cancer risk variants, identifies men at risk of prostate cancer and prostate cancer death across the age span.

Results:

During 20 years of follow-up, 1,915 prostate cancer and 166 fatal prostate cancer events were observed. Men in the top PRS quartile with a family history of prostate or breast cancer had the highest rate of both prostate cancer and prostate cancer–specific death. Compared with men at lowest genetic risk (bottom PRS quartile and no family history), the HR was 6.95 [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.57–8.66] for prostate cancer and 4.84 (95% CI, 2.59–9.03) for prostate cancer death. Men in the two upper PRS quartiles (50%–100%) or with a family history of prostate or breast cancer (61.8% of the population) accounted for 97.5% of prostate cancer deaths by age 75 years.

Conclusions:

Our study shows that prostate cancer risk stratification on the basis of family history and inherited polygenic risk can identify men at highest risk of dying from prostate cancer before age 75 years.
The Predictive Importance of Body Mass Index on Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Emirzeoglu Levent , Arici Serdar , Sahin Ahmet Bilgehan , Ocak Birol , Ak Naziye , Ay Seval , Mammadov Elkhan , Turna Hande , Bilici Ahmet
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of body mass index (BMI) on the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in Turkish patients with local and locally advanced breast cancer. Methods: The pathological responses for the breast and axilla were assessed according to the Miller-Payne grading (MPG) system. Tumors were grouped into molecular phenotypes and classified as response rates according to the MPG system after the completion of NACT. A 90% or greater reduction in tumor cellularity was considered a good response to treatment. Additionally, patients were grouped according to BMI into <25 (group A) and ≥25 (group B). Results: In total, 647 Turkish women with breast cancer were included in the study. In the univariate analysis, age, menopause status, tumor diameter, stage, histological grade, Ki-67, estrogen receptor (ER) status, progesterone receptor (PR) status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, and BMI were assessed to determine which of these factors were associated with a ≥90% response rate. Stage, HER2 positivity, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC; ER-negative, PR-negative, and HER2-negative breast cancer), grade, Ki-67 levels, and BMI were found to be the statistically significant factors for a ≥90% response rate. In the multivariate analysis, grade III disease, HER2 positivity, and TNBC were found to be the factors associated with a high pathological response. Meanwhile, hormone receptor (HR) positivity and a higher BMI were associated with a decreased pathological response in patients receiving NACT for breast cancer. Conclusion: Our results show that a high BMI and HR positivity are associated with a poor response to NACT in Turkish patients with breast cancer. The findings presented in this study may guide novel studies to examine the NACT response in obese patients with and without insulin resistance.
The Amino Acid Homoarginine Inhibits Atherogenesis by Modulating T-Cell Function
Authors: Nitz Katrin , Lacy Michael , Bianchini Mariaelvy , Wichapong Kanin , Kücükgöze Irem Avcilar , Bonfiglio Cecilia A. , Migheli Roberta , Wu Yuting , Burger Carina , Li Yuanfang , Forné Ignasi , Ammar Constantin , Janjic Aleksandar , Mohanta Sarajo , Duchene Johan , Heemskerk Johan W.M. , Megens Remco T.A. , Schwedhelm Edzard , Huveneers Stephan , Lygate Craig A. , Santovito Donato , Zimmer Ralf , Imhof Axel , Weber Christian , Lutgens Esther , Atzler Dorothee
Published: September 2022

Background:

Amino acid metabolism is crucial for inflammatory processes during atherogenesis. The endogenous amino acid homoarginine is a robust biomarker for cardiovascular outcome and mortality with high levels being protective. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We investigated the effect of homoarginine supplementation on atherosclerotic plaque development with a particular focus on inflammation.

Methods:

Female ApoE-deficient mice were supplemented with homoarginine (14 mg/L) in drinking water starting 2 weeks before and continuing throughout a 6-week period of Western-type diet feeding. Control mice received normal drinking water. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used for plaque- and immunological phenotyping. T cells were characterized using mass spectrometry–based proteomics, by functional in vitro approaches, for example, proliferation and migration/chemotaxis assays as well as by super-resolution microscopy.

Results:

Homoarginine supplementation led to a 2-fold increase in circulating homoarginine concentrations. Homoarginine-treated mice exhibited reduced atherosclerosis in the aortic root and brachiocephalic trunk. A substantial decrease in CD3
+
T cells in the atherosclerotic lesions suggested a T-cell–related effect of homoarginine supplementation, which was mainly attributed to CD4
+
T cells. Macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells were not affected. CD4
+
T-cell proteomics and subsequent pathway analysis together with in vitro studies demonstrated that homoarginine profoundly modulated the spatial organization of the T-cell actin cytoskeleton and increased filopodia formation via inhibition of Myh9 (myosin heavy chain 9). Further mechanistic studies revealed an inhibition of T-cell proliferation as well as a striking impairment of the migratory capacities of T cells in response to relevant chemokines by homoarginine, all of which likely contribute to its atheroprotective effects.

Conclusions:

Our study unravels a novel mechanism by which the amino acid homoarginine reduces atherosclerosis, establishing that homoarginine modulates the T-cell cytoskeleton and thereby mitigates T-cell functions important during atherogenesis. These findings provide a molecular explanation for the beneficial effects of homoarginine in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Sulfonylurea Is Associated With Higher Risks of Ventricular Arrhythmia or Sudden Cardiac Death Compared With Metformin: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Teddy Tai Loy , Hui Jeremy Man Ho , Lee Yan Hiu Athena , Satti Danish Iltaf , Shum Yuki Ka Ling , Kiu Pias Tang Hoi , Wai Abraham Ka Chung , Liu Tong , Wong Wing Tak , Chan Jeffrey Shi Kai , Cheung Bernard Man Yung , Wong Ian Chi Kei , Cheng Shuk Han , Tse Gary
Published: September 2022

Background

Commonly prescribed diabetic medications such as metformin and sulfonylurea may be associated with different arrhythmogenic risks. This study compared the risk of ventricular arrhythmia or sudden cardiac death between metformin and sulfonylurea users in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods and Results

Patients aged ≥40 years who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes or prescribed antidiabetic agents in Hong Kong between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2009, were included and followed up until December 31, 2019. Patients prescribed with both metformin and sulfonylurea or had prior myocardial infarction were excluded. The study outcome was a composite of ventricular arrhythmia or sudden cardiac death. Metformin users and sulfonylurea users were matched at a 1:1 ratio by propensity score matching. The matched cohort consisted of 16 596 metformin users (47.70% men; age, 68±11 years; mean follow‐up, 4.92±2.55 years) and 16 596 sulfonylurea users (49.80% men; age, 70±11 years; mean follow‐up, 4.93±2.55 years). Sulfonylurea was associated with higher risk of ventricular arrhythmia or sudden cardiac death than metformin hazard ratio (HR, 1.90 [95% CI, 1.73–2.08]). Such difference was consistently observed in subgroup analyses stratifying for insulin usage or known coronary heart disease.

Conclusions

Sulfonylurea use is associated with higher risk of ventricular arrhythmia or sudden cardiac death than metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Acute Impact of Fine Particulate Air Pollution on Cardiac Arrhythmias in a Population‐Based Sample of Adolescents: The Penn State Child Cohort
Authors: He Fan , Yanosky Jeff D. , Fernandez‐Mendoza Julio , Chinchilli Vernon M. , Al‐Shaar Laila , Vgontzas Alexandros N. , Bixler Edward O. , Liao Duanping
Published: September 2022

Background

Fine particulate (fine particles with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm [PM
2.5
]) exposure has been associated with a risk of cardiac arrhythmias in adults. However, the association between PM
2.5
exposure and cardiac arrhythmias in adolescents remains unclear.

Methods and Results

To investigate the association and time course between PM
2.5
exposure with cardiac arrhythmias in adolescents, we analyzed the data collected from 322 adolescents who participated in the PSCC (Penn State Child Cohort) follow‐up examination. We obtained individual‐level 24‐hour PM
2.5
concentrations with a nephelometer. Concurrent with the PM
2.5
measure, we obtained 24‐hour ECG data using a Holter monitor, from which cardiac arrhythmias, including premature atrial contractions and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), were identified. PM
2.5
concentration and numbers of premature atrial contractions/PVCs were summarized into 30‐minute‐based segments. Polynomial distributed lag models within a framework of a negative binomial model were used to assess the effect of PM
2.5
concentration on numbers of premature atrial contractions and PVCs. PM
2.5
exposure was associated with an acute increase in number of PVCs. Specifically, a 10 μg/m
3
increase in PM
2.5
concentration was associated with a 2% (95% CI, 0.4%–3.3%) increase in PVC counts 0.5 to 1.0, 1.0 to 1.5, and 1.5 to 2.0 hours after the exposure. Cumulatively, a 10 μg/m
3
increment in PM
2.5
was associated with a 5% (95% CI, 1%–10%) increase in PVC counts within 2 hours after exposure. PM
2.5
concentration was not associated with premature atrial contraction.

Conclusions

PM
2.5
exposure was associated with an acute increased number of ventricular arrhythmias in a population‐based sample of adolescents. The time course of the effect of PM
2.5
on ventricular arrhythmia is within 2 hours after exposure.
Sleep Modulates Emotional Effect on False Memory
Authors: Deng Ruchen , Lu Aitao
Published: September 2022

Background. Whereas sleep and emotion are important factors affecting false memory, there is a lack of empirical research on the interaction effect of sleep and emotion on false memory. Moreover, it should be investigated further that how the effects of emotion on false memory varies from presenting emotional content to eliciting emotional state. Objective. To examine how sleep and varying emotional context influence false memories. We predicted that sleep and emotion would interactively affect false memory when participants are presented with negative words in a learning session (Experiment 1) or when their emotional state is induced before a learning session (Experiment 2). Design. We used the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) task. Emotional words were used to elicit emotion during learning in Experiment 1 and video clips were used to induce a particular mood state before learning in Experiment 2. Participants were divided into a “sleep group” and a “wake group” and completed an initial learning session either in the evening or in the morning respectively. After a learning session, participants in the sleep group slept at night as usual and completed a recognition test in the morning, while participants in the wake group stayed awake during the daytime and completed their recognition test in the evening. All participants completed a recognition test after the same period of time. Results. In Experiment 1, the wake group falsely recognized more negative critical lure words than neutral ones, but no such difference existed in the sleep group, suggesting that sleep modulated the emotional effect on false memory. In Experiment 2, participants in either a positive or negative mood state showed more false recognition than those in a neutral state. There was no such difference in the wake group. We conclude that sleep and emotion interactively affect false memory
The Rights of Subjects over the Kingdom: Situating the History of Rights in Early Modern South Asia
Authors: Siddiqui Hasan Zahid
Published: September 2022

Eighteenth-century critics of the concept of Oriental Despotism understood rights to hold an important place in the governance of Muslim-ruled empires. In asking what we might make of this idea, this article examines a tradition of speaking about the “rights of subjects over the kingdom” in sultanic India from the late fourteenth century onwards. This tradition, drawing to a significant extent from the writings of ‘Ali Hamadānī (d. 1384), articulated normative rights of recipience for sultanic subjects, often embedded in an early Islamic imaginaire. Sketching several iterations of this tradition over five centuries, the article argues that while the critique of the concept of Oriental Despotism, in so far as it dealt with rights, would come to focus centrally on the question of property rights, there was another, less familiar rights tradition that was left thereby in the shadows.
Parasitic variability of Meloidogyne hapla relative to soil groups and soil health conditions
Authors: Lartey Isaac , Kravchenko Alexandra , Bonito Gregory , Melakeberhan Haddish
Published: September 2022

Parasitic variability (PV) of Meloidogyne hapla populations exists in broad production landscapes. How PV relates to soil health as described by the soil food web (SFW) is unknown. In an experiment replicated three times, nine M. hapla populations from muck and mineral soils with degraded and disturbed SFW conditions from three regions were used to test a hypothesis that PV varies by SFW conditions. The populations were inoculated at 2000 and 4000 eggs in 300 cm3 soil per pot. While the populations’ reproductive potential varied by the SFW condition, soil group, region and/or their interactions, they clustered into high (Population 13), medium (Population 8), and low (all populations from muck and one from mineral soil) PV. Populations 8 and 13 are from degraded mineral soils and the low PV populations are from disturbed and degraded soils, indicating that the conditions where PV exists are variable within or across soil groups. Consequently, the hypothesis is not supported.
Taxonomic revision of the free-living marine nematode genus Deontostoma (Enoplida: Leptosomatidae) and inclusion of a new species from the Southern Ocean
Authors: Shimada Daisuke , Jimi Naoto
Published: September 2022

A new species of free-living marine nematode, Deontostoma quadridentatum sp. nov., is described from a deep-sea sediment sample collected off the South Orkney Islands, the Southern Ocean, during a cruise (KH-19-6-Leg 4) conducted on the R/V Hakuho-Maru. Deontostoma quadridentatum sp. nov. differs from its congeners by the possession of: i) a cephalic capsule with a smooth posterior edge and without intralobar lacunae; ii) interlobar fenestrae with two posterior incisions; iii) four odontia on each mandible; iv) three onchia; v) spicules with velum and lateral process; vi) gubernacula with a hollow triangular crus, vii) one ventromedian supplement; viii) two precloacal subventral rows consisting of 8-10 setae and 12-20 papillae; and ix) by the lack of ocelli. Partial 18S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene sequences were determined for D. quadridentatum sp. nov., and the diagnosis of Deontostoma and the dichotomous keys to the subfamilies of Leptosomatidae, genera of Deontostomatinae, and species of Deontostoma were revised. Two known species, Triceratonema montredonense comb. nov. and Triceratonema papillosum comb. nov., were transferred from Deontostoma. Our molecular phylogenetic analysis did not clarify the position of Deontostoma quadridentatum sp. nov., but we placed this species into Deontostoma based on morphological observations. We also tried to find a relationship between distribution and morphological characteristic because it seems that there are two phylogenetic lineages that exist in Deontostoma based on the distribution of all species. However, no such relationships could be found from our literature survey.
World Literature Bigger Than Five
Authors: Staudt Kaitlin
Published: September 2022

This paper examines the history, political background, and literary aesthetics of Turkey’s newly inaugurated Necip Fazıl Cultural Prize and the Istanbul Publishing Fellowship Program to examine how the Turkish government instrumentalizes literature to contest Turkish cultural values and identity. Describing the current need to advance Turkish culture and literature as “important a matter of survival as the fight against terror,” Erdoğan has increasingly emphasized cultural power in recent years as a means of cultivating and promoting his regime’s local and pious version of Turkishness. This paper explores how literary prizes and publishing programs partake in the formation of Turkish cultural power and investigates the ramifications of these government-sponsored initiatives for scholarly understanding of the relationship between world-building, the circulation of aesthetic practices underpinned by nationalism and religion, and the projection of national power on a global stage.
Worldlit as MMORPG?
Authors: Hurkens Amélie
Published: September 2022

The marketing of world literature today is marked by the larger migration of literary culture to Web 2.0. This has gone hand in hand with a reconsignment of influence of orthodox authorities, from established reviewing organs to awards, to the amateur readers congregating on social media platforms, first and foremost on Goodreads, the world’s largest online community for circulating literary recommendations and socialization. The present paper traces this reconsignment of influence by examining the engagement of the Goodreads community with the works that were awarded the Booker Prize or the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction between 2015 and 2019, looking at reader reviews as well as the discussions ensuing from those reviews. As such, the reconsignment of influence is concluded to be regulated by the algorithmic rules of Goodreads and its proprietary platform, Amazon.com.
Following in the Footsteps of the Sun: Gilgameš, Odysseus and Solar Movement
Authors: Bilić Tomislav
Published: September 2022

During the heyday of the solar-myth paradigm it was a norm to interpret every single mythic character and his or her actions in terms of either the annual or diurnal solar movement. With the paradigm’s inevitable demise, the body of evidence that was central to its approach was relegated to a more peripheral position by the adherents of succeeding paradigms that successively dominated the field. This has left a significant number of references to solar phenomena in ancient text on the margins of scholarly interest, including those that appear in the central texts of both Mesopotamian and Greek traditions. This paper focuses on a re-evaluation of the presence of solar resonances in a section of the Epic of Gilgameš that contains clear and explicit references to the sun and its course. At the same time, following in the footsteps of many earlier scholars, it offers a parallel analysis of a section of Odysseus’ itinerary of a similar character. This re-evaluation has shown that the respective sections of the heroes’ itineraries are partly structured on an analogy with solar movement, but that the dominant use of solar references in these texts is more haphazard and reflects more circumscribed intentions of the texts’ authors.
Orthodoxy and Heresy: A Problem for Modern Evangelicalism
Authors: Johnston Robert K.
Published: September 2022

What can be said about orthodoxy and heresy within evangelicalism? Using the categorical distinction between ‘bounded sets’ and ‘centered sets,’ this article argues that the first generations of evangelicals and those continuing in their stead (e.g, Henry, Wells) have defined orthodoxy primarily as a bounded set of fundamentals focused about truth. Transitional evangelical theologians (e.g., Carnell, Ramm) modulated this thinking by emphasizing the need for loving dialogue and cultural embrace. A second generation of evangelicals have redefined evangelicalism's orthodoxy in terms of a centered set (e.g., Hubbard, Pinnock, Stott). As a result, dialogue is being encouraged both (1) with wider Christianity and (2) with the larger culture; (3) The importance of community is being recognized; and ( 4) theological creativity is again being entertained. Yet there are risks. In particular, can a more fluid centering on the gospel allow evangelicals to judge heresy?
Paul as Master-builder
Authors: Derrett J. Duncan M.
Published: September 2022

At 1 Co. 3:10-13 Paul warns ‘builders’ to have a care what they lay on his foundations. It has been the practice (a) to build on another’s foundations only according to his specifications, and (b) not to remove foundations unless proved faulty. Paul ‘laid’ Jesus and erections subsequent to this foundation-preaching must stand a test. Paul as architect never used others’ foundations (Rom. 15:20). His successors are judged by (c) his standards (architects are superior to tradesmen). If they pass, (d) he may lay foundations elsewhere, (e) not claiming credit for others' erections. So 2 Cor. 10:13–16. The kanōn is a set standard for all trades. There was no ‘province’ (a mistranslation).
Protestant Missionary Education in British India
Authors: Bishop Steve
Published: September 2022

The main thrust of the missionaries in British India during the nineteenth and early twentieth century was education. This paper provides an historical overview. The work of Alexander Duff, and the Anglicist-Orientalist debate is examined. A cursory look at higher education and the predominance of Scottish missionaries involved in education precedes an evaluation of the educational strategies by examining the perceived aims and seeing to what extent they were fulfilled. Education both at home and on the mission field reflected the dominant 'old humanist tradition'. However, where home education was education as social control, mission education tended towards education as social transformation. This is reflected in the divergence of the curriculum.
‘Drive out the wicked person’ A Biblical Theology of Exclusion
Authors: Rosner Brian S.
Published: September 2022

This article attempts to treat the exclusion of individuals from the community as a topic of biblical theology. It focuses on the neglected rationale or motives of exclusion rather than the practicalities of exclusion (i.e., who gets excluded? in what way? for which sins? by whom?). Five motifs or images serve as lenses to focus and guide the reading of the relevant texts and assist in the task of synthesis. In sum, serious offenders are excluded because of the solidarity of the community, in order to maintain the holiness of the group, due to a breach of covenant, in the hope of restoration and because of the prospect of salvation. By way of conclusion some reflections are offered on the relevance of this teaching for biblical theology in general and for the practice of church discipline today.
Telling a Hawk from a Handsaw? An Evangelical Response to the New Literary Criticism
Authors: Thomas Gordon J.
Published: September 2022

Many Biblical scholars, not to mention pastors and Religious Studies teachers, have been schooled in the techniques of grammatico-historical criticism and now find themselves bewildered by the plethora of new interdisciplinary approaches to Biblical studies, including the New Literary Criticism. This paper offers three suggestions to alleviate their distress. Firstly, it sketches the main developments this century in secular literary criticism. Secondly, it itemises a reading-list for beginners in this area, with more advanced material in the notes. Finally, it attempts to address the issues that are raised by this new approach to Biblical interpretation for Biblical readers in general and evangelical readers in particular.
Clark H. Pinnock: The Evolution of an Evangelical Maverick
Authors: Strange Daniel
Published: September 2022

This paper is a biographical study of the Canadian Baptist theologian Clark H. Pinnock. Pinnock is one of the most influential and controversial Evangelical theologians writing today, and a study of his work provides an interesting vehicle to discuss the definition of Evangelicalism and the organic nature of systematic theology. The paper is in three parts. Part 1 gives an outline of Pinnock’s life and work charting his theological development in several areas of systematics. Part 2 notes some paradoxical features in Pinnock’s theological methodology, and Part 3 assesses his impact on the Evangelical community and whether in fact he can be labeled as an Evangelical theologian.
Abraham, Israel and the Church
Authors: Williamson Paul
Published: September 2022

This article discusses the relationship between the divine promises in the Abraham narrative and the use made by this Old Testament material in the New Testament. It is argued that the New Testament's reinterpretation of the Abrahamic Covenant (e.g. relating the promise of blessing to the Gospel of Jesus Christ and applying the promise of multitudinous descendants to the Christian Church) is fully congruous with an exegetical interpretation of the core promissory aspects and their development within the Old Testament.
The ‘Wretched Man’ of Romans 7:14–25 as Reductio ad absurdum’
Authors: Shogren Gary S.
Published: September 2022

The identity and significance of the ‘Wretched Man’ of Romans 7 has intrigued scholars since patristic times. Rom 7:14–25 should be studied within the theological context of the Jewish doctrine of the Two Impulses and within the rhetorical context of Romans. With this parody of the Two Impulse doctrine, Paul protects himself from charges of apostasy from the Torah, and at the same time demonstrates the universal need for the gospel.
A Critique of the ‘Novel’ Contemporary Interpretation of 1 Timothy 2:9–15 Given in the Book, Women in the Church. Part I.
Authors: Giles Kevin
Published: September 2022

In this first part of a two-part article the author gives a summary of the essays in the influential book Women in the Church: A Fresh Analysis of 1 Timothy 2:9–15. He then summarises the traditional or 'historic' interpretation of the passage which forbids women to teach in the church or to have authority over men because they were created second and are more liable to error and deception than men. By contrast Women in the Church denies the inferiority of women to men but nevertheless forbids them to teach or have authority over men because they have different roles which are part of the binding, constitute order of creation. Thus the view presented in the book is actually a novel one rather than a restatement of the historic one. This claim will be substantiated in Part II of the article and a contextual reading of the passage will be defended.
The Temptation Narrative of Genesis 3:1-6: A Prelude to the Pentateuch and the History of Israel
Authors: Emmrich Martin
Published: September 2022

The paper elucidates the theological tenets that moved the author I editor of the temptation story in giving the account its final shape. Genesis 3:1-6 furnishes a number of clues allowing us to conclude that the author/editor had the deuteronomistic history ‘in front of him’ when he carried out his task.

As for the garden setting, it is indeed not difficult to see how the agrarian culture of Israel, who used to view her land as the garden of God, impacted the process of shaping. But more specifically, all the major elements and characters in the text seem to betray a deuteronomistic orientation. The study seeks to demonstrate that the idea of the two trees is heavily influenced by deuteronomistic (retribution) theology, as they function like the Mosaic blessing and the curse respectively. The intruding snake too assumes a role analogous to the false prophets of ancient Israel, whose objective was the introduction of apostate cults. Finally; the depiction of the woman's role in the temptation story is closely linked with the theme of the false prophet. For as the role of women in the deuteronomistic history is often key to Israel’s apostasy, so Eve's role in Genesis 3 is key to the fall.
Seeds of Ambivalence Sown: Barth’s Use of Calvin in Der Römerbrief II (1922)
Authors: Chung Sung Wook
Published: September 2022

Karl Barth’s theological relationship with John Calvin has been ignored by scholars for too long without any legitimate reason. Since Barth repeatedly affirmed his strong indebtedness to Calvin’s theology, it is essential to explicate his relationship to him in order to understand correctly the character of his theology. Der Römerbrief II (1922), which was written to replace Der Römerbrief I (1919), shows that Barth made a very careful use of Calvin’s exegetical and theological arguments in constructing his own exegetical positions. Even though Barth appreciates positively Calvin's theological insight in many aspects, he is not totally approving in his reappropriation of Calvin’s wisdom. in particular, one can find the incipient seeds of Barth’s ambivalence toward and revolt against Calvin in the former’s serious reservations about the latter’s doctrine of predestination. Thus it is arguable that in spite of Barth’s appreciative endorsement of what he sees as Calvin’s valid insights and arguments, the seeds of Barth’s serious challenge against his life-time mentor, Calvin, were already sown in Der Römerbrief II.
Beilschmiedia weii (Lauraceae), a new species from Dayaoshan Mountain of Guangxi, China
Authors: HUANG YU-SONG , QIN KUN , TAN HAI-MING , ZOU CHUN-YU , LIU YAN
Published: September 2022

Beilschmiedia weii, a new species of Lauraceae from Dayaoshan Mountain of Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically most similar to B. wangii and B. rufohirtella in having ferruginous pubescent terminal buds, branchlets, abaxial leaf blades, panicles and fruiting pedicels, but can be easily distinguished from them by the leaf growth pattern, the color of flowers, the length of panicles and fruiting pedicels, the shape and size of fruits, and the phenology. A table to distinguish the new species from other morphologically similar Beilschmiedia species is provided, as well as a color plate.
Toxocarpus incarnatus (Apocynaceae, Secamonoideae), a new species from Thailand
Authors: KIDYOO AROONRAT
Published: September 2022

Toxocarpus incarnatus A. Kidyoo, newly described here, is a twining climber growing in disturbed evergreen forest in western Thailand. A diagnosis and detailed description of this new species, as well as photographs are provided. Several characters of T. incarnatus are compared with those of T. oblanceolatus, considered to be a close relative. These two species display consistent differences in leaf shape, flower color and characters of the style-head. In addition, a comparison with other species, T. concanensis and T. spirei, is also provided.
Morphological changes and ontogenetic development of Amblyseius eharai Amitai & Swirski (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Authors: LI DONG-DONG , YI TIAN-CI , GUO JIAN-JUN , JIN DAO-CHAO
Published: September 2022

This paper describes the immature and mature characteristics of Amblyseius eharai Amitai & Swirski in detail to determine its morphological ontogeny based on laboratory-reared specimens. The main changes during ontogeny are as follows: the pronotal shield extends to j6 level and opisthosoma is unsclerotized in the larva; the dorsum has two shields in the protonymph, pronotal shield slightly expended comparing to that of the larva, and the opisthonotal shield smooth and weakly sclerotized. The podonotal and opisthonotal shields in the deutonymph are partially fused, and the dorsal shield is complete, covering almost the entire opisthonotum in adults in both sexes. There are nine pairs of dorsal setae in the larva, 14 pairs in the protonymph, and 19 pairs in both deutonymph and adult. In deutonymphs, gender could be distinguished by the number of setae in the area around the anal valves. In protonymphs, all dorsal, hypostomal setae, and the macrosetae of leg IV appear and are consistent with the subsequent stages. The development of morphological traits in the ontogeny of A. eharai may provide some basic knowledge to distinguish it from closely related species.