bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Exploratory Study of the Effects of Schema-Based Instruction for Middle School Students with EBD in an Alternative Education School
Authors: Schwab James R. , Houchins David E.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Historically, secondary students with Emotional/Behavioral Disorders (EBD) have made poor progress in mathematics putting them at-risk for school failure. One mathematic area that students with EBD have difficulties in is solving word problems. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the effects of schema-based instruction on multiplication and division word problems for middle school students with EBD in an alternative education school. A one-group nonequivalent dependent variable design with multiple measures across multiple waves was used. A repeated measures ANOVA indicated that students significantly improved their mathematic performance on both multiplicative comparisons and vary word problems using researcher developed measures. Additionally, students were able to generalize multiplicative comparison skills to solve vary word problems. Implications from implementation fidelity and social validity data are discussed in addition to intervention components for students with EBD in alternative schools.
Filtration efficiency of medical and community face masks against particles carrying SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Dalvand Sara , Nasiri Rasul , Yarahmadi Rasoul , Salim Farah Bokharaei , Farshad Ali Asghar , Alyar Somayeh Soleimani
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Airborne bioaerosols like SARS-CoV-2 can pose a significant threat to the respiratory system of humans. Airborne bioaerosols, such as SARS-CoV-2, pose significant respiratory risks. Wearing respiratory masks is a preventive measure to reduce exposure and control the transmission of airborne diseases. Hence, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of the masks in filtering airborne particulates, specifically those that carry SARS- CoV-2.
Materials and methods: The filtration efficiency of three types of face masks was investigated for particulate matters in a laboratory setup using a custom-designed system, including a human head mannequin and controlled aerosol injection. Air samples were also collected from the breathing zone of COVID-19 patients in hospital settings, both with and without masks. Data analysis used Python tools, including Seaborn and Matplotlib, to generate visual insights.
Results: The study findings revealed variations in particle penetration and filtration efficiency of the tested masks for particles and SARS-CoV-2 based on mask types. The particles smaller than 700 nm penetrated N95 masks by 4.61%, with efficiency reaching 99.2% as particle size increased. Particle filtration efficiency for other masks, including surgical masks, ranged from 31%-68%, and for cloth masks, it was between 28%-86%.
Conclusion: The effectiveness of respiratory masks in preventing the transmission of airborne particles and viruses, like SARS-CoV-2, into the human respiratory system and regular use of suitable respiratory masks can help control disease transmission, especially in high-risk environments such as hospitals. In summary, using respiratory masks is essential in reducing the spread of airborne viruses and improving public health.
Effects of Breed and Lactation-stage of Goat on the Composition and Lipid Fraction of Milk in Algeria
Authors: Boumediene Farida , Meribai Amel , Kahlouche Amel , Bouchibane Malika , Touzout Nabil , Belbraouet Slimane
Published: January 2025

Background: Fatty acid profile plays an important role in human health and sensory quality of dairy products. This study focused on the influence of breed and lactation-stage, on the composition and lipid fraction of goat milk in Algeria. Methods: Milk composition of a herd comprising a total of 50 dairy goats of various breeds was monitored during the 7 months of lactation. Result: Results showed that Alpine breed milk is richer in fat, protein and casein as compared to Saanen and local breeds. Same changes were observed depending on the lactation stage in favour of the Late Lactation stage. Similarly, the fatty acid profile varies depending on the breed and lactation stage. This study highlights the potential benefits of selecting dairy goats by combining the hardiness of the local breed with the milk quality of imported breeds, which appear to have a healthier profile than the milk of the local breed.
The critical role of evaluation metrics in handling missing data in machine learning
Authors:   Department of Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, Atoum Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

The presence of missing data in machine learning (ML) datasets remains a major challenge in building reliable models. This study explores various strategies to handle missing data and provides a framework to evaluate their effectiveness. The research focuses on commonly used techniques such as zero-filling, deletion, and imputation methods, including mean, median, mode, regression, k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and flagging. To assess these methods, a detailed evaluation framework is proposed, considering factors such as data completeness, model performance, stability, bias, variance, robustness to new data, computational efficiency, and domain-specific needs. This comprehensive approach allows for a thorough comparison of methods, helping to identify the most suitable technique for specific datasets and tasks. The findings highlight the importance of considering the unique features of the dataset and the goals of the analysis when choosing a method. While basic techniques like deletion and zero-filling may be effective in some cases, advanced imputation methods often preserve data quality and improve model accuracy. By applying the proposed evaluation criteria, researchers and practitioners can make better decisions on handling missing data, leading to more accurate, reliable, and adaptable ML models.
ASSESSMENT OF UNIVERSAL NEONATAL HEARING SCREENING: OUTCOMES AND PREVALENCE AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER
Authors: DESAI TRIVENI , KAMATH RASHMI , MANTHALE AISHWARAYA , SHIRSHETTY ARUN KUMAR
Published: January 2025

Objective: Early detection of hearing impairment through Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening (UNHS) is crucial for timely intervention. This study assesses the outcomes and prevalence of hearing loss in neonates screened at a tertiary care center.
Methods: This prospective observational study involved 1175 neonates born at SDM Medical College and Hospital between December 2019 and November 2020. Neonates underwent initial and, if necessary, repeat hearing screenings using the Otoacoustic Emission (OAE) technique. Data on gender and birth weight distribution were also analyzed to explore demographic correlations with screening outcomes.
Results: Of the neonates screened, 99.40% passed the initial hearing test, while 0.60% were referred for further evaluation. Among those referred, 71.43% passed on repeat screening, with 28.57% continuing to show potential hearing issues. The majority of neonates weighed over 2.5 kg, indicating a lower presence of very low birth weight infants in the screened population.
Conclusion: The high pass rate in initial screenings demonstrates the effectiveness of the OAE method in a tertiary care setting, though the importance of follow-up testing for those referred remains critical. The study highlights the successful implementation of UNHS and underscores the need for continuous monitoring and adaptation of screening protocols to address all potential risks in neonatal hearing loss.
COMPARISON OF TWO DIFFERENT DOSES OF TABLET CLONIDINE (100MCG AND 150MCG) GIVEN 90 MIN PRIOR TO SURGERY TO ATTENUATE HAEMODYNAMIC CHANGES DURING ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION
Authors: GAMBHIR SHEETAL , CHOUDHARY SWATI
Published: January 2025

Objective: Endotracheal intubation can elicit significant haemodynamic responses, posing risks for patients with cardiovascular conditions. Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, is used to mitigate these responses, but the optimal dosing is uncertain. This study compares the efficacy and safety of two doses of oral clonidine, 100 μg and 150 μg, administered 90 min before surgery.
Methods: Sixty patients aged 18–55 y, classified as ASA physical status I or II and scheduled for elective lower abdominal surgeries, were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A received 100 μg of oral clonidine, and Group B received 150 μg. Haemodynamic parameters-heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP)-were recorded at baseline, during induction, immediately after intubation, and at intervals up to 15 min post-intubation. Side effects and the need for rescue analgesia were also assessed.
Results: Group A demonstrated significantly lower SBP and HR at induction and during the immediate post-intubation period compared to Group B (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in DBP and MAP at most time points. The incidence of hypotension was higher in Group B but not statistically significant. Group B required significantly less rescue analgesia postoperatively (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: A 100 μg dose of oral clonidine is more effective in attenuating haemodynamic responses during endotracheal intubation compared to a 150 μg dose. While the higher dose offers improved postoperative analgesia, it does not enhance haemodynamic stability and may increase the risk of hypotension.
Perception And Readiness Of Pharmacy Faculty Students in Surakarta Central Java About Interprofessional Education
Authors: Mutmainah Nurul , Anisa Rachma Priyastiningrum  , Nurus Hasta Rani
Published: January 2025

Interprofessional Education (IPE) is an important approach in health education to prepare students to work collaboratively in interprofessional teams in clinical practice. This study aims to determine the perception and readiness of Interprofessional Education among students of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Surakarta, Central Java and to determine the factors that influence differences in perception and readiness. This study used descriptive and cross sectional design. The population used was Pharmacy undergraduate students and pharmacist professional students. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. Measurement of perception using the IEPS (Interprofessional Education Perception Scale) questionnaire, while measuring readiness using the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Kruskall Wallis test. Of the 219 respondents, 87.2% were female, 81.2% were undergraduate students, 72.1% had one IPE experience. From the results of measuring perceptions, 96.7% had good perceptions and 3.2% had moderate perceptions. While from the measurement of readiness it was found that 99.5% had high readiness and 0.5% moderate readiness. From the IEPS results, the value of p=0.304 (gender), p=0.909 (student batch) and p=0.699 (IPE experience) was obtained and results on RIPLS obtained a value of p=0.122 (gender), p=0.58 (student batch) and p=0.693 (IPE experience) so it can be concluded that there are no differences in perception and readiness between gender, batch and IPE experience.
Optimization of Microgel Formula Combination of Snail Mucus and Catechin to Accelerate Wound Closure
Authors: Azizah Adinda Fayi , Astuti Ika Yuni , Syarifah Arini , Kumalasari Raudia , Agistya Lusyahaura , Talitarahma Anindya Tian
Published: January 2025

Incised wound healing is a crucial process that requires effective treatment solutions. A microgel containing snail mucus and catechin seems a promising approach to accelerate healing and improve recovery outcomes. This study aimed to develop a microgel preparation contain snail mucus (Achatina fulica) and catechin. Formulation design is assisted using the Design Expert SLD method. The optimum formula was achieved with a carbopol to TEA ratio of 1.589:0.411, with estimated values of pH (4.506), viscosity (18,873 cPs), spread ability (5.477 cm), and adhesion (2.068 second). These estimated values showed no significant difference from the actual values obtained in the laboratory experiments. To evaluate the quality of the preparation, in vivo testing was performed on white mice, and the data were analysed using one-way ANOVA. The snail mucus and catechin microgels were proven to be effective in treating deep incision wounds.
Las cabezas indígenas de Franco Furfaro. Retratos típicos del Norte Argentino
Authors: Disalvo Luis
Published: January 2025

Four sculptural heads by the artist Franco Furfaro are on display in the upper rotunda of the Museo de La Plata. These pieces share the space with ten other similar works sculpted by Ernesto Soto Avendaño, which at first glance would seem to all belong to the same author. However, a closer look allows distinquishing between them and even finding interesting differences, when we delve deeper into the knowledge of this heritage. This work, despite the scarcity of data and sources of information, focuses on the history of how these sculptures were acquired, the institutional goals of the museum when purchasing them and the possible motivations that led the artist to make them.
Growing Degree Day Climatology in Aydın, Türkiye
Authors: Yeşilırmak Ercan
Published: January 2025

Plants need to accumalate heat to complete a particular or whole growth period. This accumalation depends on temperature thresholds above or below which plant growth ceases, and on air temperature. It can be speculated that more heat accumulation is available for plants due to rapid warming within three or four decades. This study presents more recent heat accumulation for plants, quantified using a useful index called growing degree day (GDD), for five locations (Söke, Kuşadası, Aydın, Sultanhisar and Nazilli) in Aydın, Türkiye, during the latest climatic normal period from 1991 to 2020. GDD values were calculated both in monthly basis from March through October, and in daily basis from March 1st to October 31st. Monthly GDD averages, as expected, showed a pattern that increased from March to July or August, then decreased thereafter till October. Range and standart deviation showed approximately an opposite pattern, suggesting higher uncertainity in relatively colder months. The results are expected to provide farmers or agricultural practitioners with the latest averages of GDD to predict plant growth and development.
Prebiotic Properties of Dates and Their Impact on Health
Authors: Alhomsi Ahmad , Kılıç Bayraktar Mukaddes
Published: January 2025

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), primarily cultivated in desert regions like the Middle East, is a significant source of nutrition, rich in sugars, polysaccharides, and bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, anthocyanins, and sterols. Notably, the polysaccharides in dates exhibit prebiotic properties, supporting beneficial gut microbiota. Research highlights that dates promote the growth of helpful bacteria, including Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which enhance intestinal health, improve barrier function, and increase the production of short-chain fatty acids. Beyond gut health, dates offer additional benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardiovascular, neuroprotective, and blood sugar-regulating effects. This review synthesizes recent findings on the prebiotic effects and broader health impacts of dates, suggesting their potential in dietary strategies for promoting health and preventing gastrointestinal disorders.
СУЩНОСТЬ, ВИДЫ И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ РЕНТЫ ЗЕМЕЛЬ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ
Authors: БОРИСОВА ТАТЬЯНА ЮРЬЕВНА
Published: January 2025

В статье приведен анализ теоретических основ земельной ренты. Представлены основные положения трудов ученых, касающихся вопросов ренты сельскохозяйственных земель. Актуальность исследования обусловлена проблемами, возникающими при вводе в сельскохозяйственный оборот неиспользуемых земель. Материалами исследования послужили данные Федеральной службы государственной регистрации, кадастра и картографии, Министерства сельского хозяйства Российской Федерации, труды ученых-экономистов. В процессе работы применялись абстрактно-логический, монографический, табличный, графический методы. В связи с тем, что в настоящее время в стране относительно большие площади земель сельскохозяйственного назначения выведены из оборота и для их использования в аграрном производстве требуется проведение дополнительных работ, требующих финансовых вложений, факторы плодородности земель и их расположения не будут играть решающую роль при определении рентных платежей, в связи с чем целесообразно выделить дифференциальную ренту III, зависящую от степени пригодности земельного участка к введению в сельскохозяйственный оборот.
JEJAK EVOLUSI BAHASA SASAK: ANALISIS HISTORIS DAN PERKEMBANGANNYA
Authors: Chaer Hasanuddin , Pratama R. Januari Rizki , Efendi Mahmudi , Khairussibyan Muh. , Ashriany Ratna Yulida , Wahyuni Wika
Published: January 2025

This article aims to analyze the evolutionary trajectory of the Sasak language using a historical approach and the language evolution theory developed by Schleicher. This theory depicts languages as entities undergoing evolution similar to biological organisms, evolving from simple forms to complex forms through natural selection. To achieve this, the research methodology includes literature review, primary data collection, historical analysis, and an examination of the development of the Sasak language within the contexts of social, educational, and modern media environments. Consequently, this article utilizes Schleicher’s tree diagram to illustrate the genetic relationships and linguistic changes within the Sasak language on Lombok Island. The implications of this research provide a deeper understanding of the evolution of the Sasak language and the factors influencing it.
DEKONSTRUKSI CITRA PEREMPUAN PADA LIRIK SATU BULAN DAN KATA MEREKA INI BERLEBIHAN KARYA BERNADYA
Authors: Ramadhan Rasyid Mohammad Ricky
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the representation of women's images in two Bernadya songs through the perspective of Simone de Beauvoir's existentialist feminism, especially how women are depicted in patriarchal love relationships. The method used is critical discourse analysis with a hermeneutic approach, examining the hidden meanings behind the language and narrative in the lyrics. Data was obtained from the lyrics of both songs, sourced from credible music platforms, and analyzed based on de Beauvoir's concept of 'the Other.' The findings indicate that women are positioned in a subordinate role, trapped in the effort to achieve perfection in the eyes of their partners, yet never quite sufficient to gain equal recognition. This study contributes to the understanding of gender inequality in popular music media, with implications that music can serve as a tool to explore gendered power imbalances within patriarchal culture.
Flanker Interference from Activation of Mental Imagery: A Proof of Concept
Authors: Kong Fanqi , Geisler Mark W. , Morsella Ezequiel
Published: January 2025

The flanker task has been used to investigate the distinct effects of "stimulus interference" (SI) and "response interference" (RI) on performance (e.g., response times). In SI, the flankers appear different in appearance from the target but are associated with the same response. In RI, the flankers are different in appearance from the target but are associated with a different response. Interference is greater for RI than SI. We investigated the behavioral effects of a new kind of interference—"imagery interference," in which the flankers are different in appearance from the target and are associated with the same response (as in SI), but the target and flanker are associated with different (verbal) mental imagery. In two experiments, imagery interference yielded more interference than SI. We introduce this new form of interference and hope that its investigation will have implications as far reaching as those of the study of RI versus SI.
Hydrogel coils in intracranial aneurysm treatment: a multicenter, prospective, randomized open-label trial
Authors: Imamura Hirotoshi , Sakai Nobuyuki , Sakai Chiaki , Hyodo Akio , Ito Yasushi , Matsumaru Yuji , Miyachi Shigeru , Yoshimura Shinichi , Sasaki Makoto , Hirai Toshinori , Kinouchi Hiroyuki , Miyamoto Susumu , Okada Yasushi , Komiyama Masaki , Ogasawara Kuniaki , Toyoda Kazunori , Daimon Takashi , Ezura Masayuki , Nakahara Ichiro , Ishii Akira , Matsumoto Yasushi , Tanabe Kenichiro
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE

Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of hydrogel-coated coils (HGCs) to achieve the composite endpoint of decreased recanalization rates and greater safety. Herein, the authors aimed to assess the true ability of second-generation HGCs to prevent recanalization.

METHODS

This randomized controlled study, the HYBRID (Hydrocoil Versus Bare Platinum Coil in Recanalization Imaging Data) trial, comparing HGCs with bare platinum coils (BPCs), was conducted in 43 Japanese institutions. The aneurysm diameter range was 7–20 mm. HGCs were used in 4 patients in the BPC arm, and at least one HGC was used in each patient in the HGC arm, excluding 3 patients. Additionally, an HGC length ≥ 50% of the length of all the coils used was strongly recommended. The primary endpoint was recanalization 1 year after embolization, according to core laboratory evaluation. Angiographic change was also classified as further thrombosis, unchanged, or recanalization. Changes in cases with both initial and 1-year posttreatment angiographic images were compared. In the post hoc analysis, major recanalization was defined as any change, from complete occlusion or a neck remnant at the end of the procedure to body filling (BF) on the 1-year posttreatment angiogram or any increase in the size of BF in patients with BF at the end of the procedure, and its rate was compared between the two treatment arms.

RESULTS

Recruitment ended when 432 patients were randomized; 217 and 215 patients were allocated to the HGC and BPC arms, respectively. The recanalization rates in the HGC and BPC arms were 3.3% and 7.1%, respectively (risk difference −3.8%, 95% CI −8.6 to 0.5), with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.083). Regarding aneurysm occlusion within 1 year, there was significantly more thrombosis and less recanalization in the HGC group (p = 0.043). The major recanalization rates were 2.3% and 6.6% in the HGC and BPC arms, respectively, with a significant difference between the two (p = 0.036).

CONCLUSIONS

The study results did not confirm the effectiveness of second-generation HGCs using recanalization imaging data. However, these coils may induce more thrombosis and less recanalization for medium-sized cerebral aneurysms.

Clinical trial registration no.: UMIN000006748 (www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/)
Skull base chordomas presenting with abducens nerve deficits: clinical characteristics and predictive factors for deficit improvement or resolution
Authors: Muthiah Nallammai , Gersey Zachary C. , Le Laura , Abdallah Hussein , Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam , Stefko S. Tonya , Bonhomme Gabrielle R. , Kocasarac Can , Wang Eric W. , Snyderman Carl H. , Gardner Paul A. , Zenonos Georgios A.
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE

Skull base chordomas (SBCs) often present with cranial nerve (CN) VI deficits. Studies have not assessed the prognosis and predictive factors for CN VI recovery among patients presenting with CN VI deficits.

METHODS

The medical records of patients who underwent resection for primary chordoma from 2001 to 2020 were reviewed. Those presenting with CN VI palsy were identified. The extent of CN VI deficit was determined to be partial or complete based on the Scott-Kraft score. The change in deficit from baseline was recorded within 3 days of surgery and at the 6-month follow-up. The postoperative course was followed until partial and/or complete deficit recovery. Univariate logistic regression models were created to predict improvement or resolution of CN VI deficit.

RESULTS

A total of 113 patients with primary SBC were identified, 34 of whom presented with CN VI deficits: 24 (73%) with partial and 9 (27%) with complete deficits. The extent of deficit in 1 patient was unable to be determined. The median duration of deficit preoperatively was 3.6 months, and CN VI was most commonly radiographically abutted at the prepontine cistern and Dorello’s canal. Twenty-three (68%) patients experienced at least partial CN VI recovery (mean 61 days, range 2–174 days). Nineteen (56%) patients experienced complete CN VI recovery (mean 162 days, range 2–469 days). No patients whose CN VI deficit worsened immediately after surgery achieved improvement in CN VI function at 6 months (p = 0.001). Preoperative partial (relative to complete) CN VI deficit was associated with greater odds of CN VI deficit improvement by 6 months (OR 7.7, p = 0.028). Factors not associated with deficit resolution included duration of deficit, CN VI involvement by tumor, total segments abutted by tumor, sex, age at diagnosis, gross-total resection, tumor volume, and adjuvant radiation therapy, although this analysis may have been underpowered to detect small differences.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, 68% of patients achieved at least partial recovery in CN VI function after endoscopic skull base surgery. Among patients with partial CN VI palsy at baseline, 83% achieved CN VI recovery within 6 months and 75% achieved complete recovery within 14 months. For patients who presented with a complete CN VI deficit, within those same time frames, 33% and 11% achieved partial and complete recovery, respectively. Complete preoperative CN VI deficit was associated with lower odds of CN VI recovery by 6 months. The duration of preoperative deficit does not predict functional CN VI recovery.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBANGUNAN MARITIM TERHADAP KEDAULATAN NEGARA KESATUAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Asropi Asropi , Hartono Eko Deni , Handoko, S.T. Yudi
Published: January 2025

AbstractÂ Maritime is a world civilization because the interests of countries in the world will be determined by how the management and utilization of the sea for the prosperity and sustainability of the nations of the world. Likewise, Indonesia, which 70% of its territory is sea and ocean, needs to put its development direction as an Maritime State. The ancestors of the Indonesian people had reached the golden age as a maritime nation at the time of the Mataram and Sriwijaya Kingdoms and other kingdoms in the archipelago who "controlled the sea" from various parts of the earth so as to gain prosperity for their people from the sea through economic activities and global trade by utilizing the sea. The era of maritime glory faded during colonial times and has an impact on development orientation that has not integrated land and sea development as a development force for the welfare of the Indonesian people.Keywords:Â Management and utilization of the sea, land and sea developmentÂ
Evaluasi Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa di Provinsi Banten (Studi Kasus Kabupaten Serang)
Authors: Suyatna Rahmat
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengelolaan keuangan desa di Kabupaten Serang Provinsi Banten. Subyek penelitian melibatkan 12 (duabelas) orang informan terdiri dari satu orang pejabat pimpinan tinggi pratama, satu orang administrator, empat orang pejabat pengawas kecamatan, satu orang kepala desa, satu orang kepala BPD, satu orang kaur keuangan,satu orang pendamping desa dan dua warga masyarakat.Â  Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan telaah dokumen. Teknik wawancara dilakukan dengan tidak terstruktur dengan menggunakan pedoman wawancara. Teknik observasi dilakukan dengan cara mengamati perilaku objek sasaran secara langsung. Model evaluasi yang digunakan adalah model evaluasi Konteks, Input, Proses dan Produk.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Pertama, dalam evaluasi konteks diperoleh gambaran tujuan organisasi yang dituangkan dalam visi dan misi, serta skala prioritas pembangunan yang telah sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku masih terlalu besar untuk pembangunan fisik sedangkan sisanyauntuk pemberdayaan masyarakat. Kedua, dalam evaluasi input diperoleh informasi tentang prosedur perencanaan yang sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan, anggaran yang transparan, dan sumber daya manusia yang beragam kompetensinya. Ketiga, dalam evaluasi proses pembinaan dan pengawasan dilakukan dengan baik sekali, kebijakan yang dibuat untuk pengelolaan yang lebih baik melalui pembuatan sistem keuangan desa online, penyaluran keuangan desa (salurdes), digitalisasi pelaporan, sistem pembayaran penghasilan tetap non tunai, moratorium nomor register pemerintah desa. Namun demikian masih terjadi adanya fraud. Keempat, dalam evaluasi produk, penulis menemukan banyak kemajuan, yaitu adanya peningkatan status desa, berkembangnya desa wisata, lomba kampung bersih dan aman, terjadi peningkatan pembangunan infrastruktur dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Namun, dari sisi pelaporan masih terjadi keterlambatan sehingga berdampak pada terlambatnya pencairan Dana Desa periode berikutnya. Dengan demikian, penulis menyimpulkan pengelolaan keuangan desa di Kabupaten Serang belum sepenuhnya berjalan baik. Hal ini terlihat dari masih adanya beberapa kekurangan, yaitu masih terjadinya praktek fraud dalam pengelolaan keuangan sekalipun ada pengembalian ke kas desa, pelaporan keuangan masih terjadi keterlambatan sekalipun sudah mengadopsi siskeudes online, masih ada oknum Kepala Desa yang menggelapkan setoran pajak, moratorium nomor register pemerintah desa (NRPD) belum berjalan optimal karena masih bisa dibuatkan sekalipun ada pergantian aparat desa (berakibat keterlambatan pelaporan).Kata Kunci: Pengelolaan keuangan desa
Anti-Religious Struggle against Tajik Ismailis in the 1920s (Based on Archival Documents)
Authors: Kalandarov Tokhir S.
Published: January 2025

The article covers the anti-religious struggle of the Soviet State against Islam in Central Asia with a focus on the Ismaili community of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region (GBAO) of Tajikistan. The study is based on archival documents from two Russian archives — the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GA RF) and the Russian State Archive of Social and Political History (RGASPI). The study involved a critical analysis of archival documents, considering the context of when these documents were created. The study attempted to comprehend and scientifically evaluate the fact that the transmitters of knowledge about the Ismailis in the region included members of the Joint State Political Directorate (OGPU), who themselves had very superficial knowledge about the history of this Islamic branch. In spite of the biased approach of declassified archival documents concerning the anti-religious struggle in the early years of the Soviet State, they nevertheless provide researchers with a lot of useful information — both statistical and shedding light on the socio-political context. The OGPU members had quite sufficient information regarding the amount of zakat for Aga Khan III, the ways of delivery and the people involved in this process. These data help researchers to further investigate the socio-economic condition of religious communities, the role of their activists in establishing contacts between ordinary community members and their spiritual leader, etc. A comparative analysis of the materials prepared by government officials and the documents in the personal archives of the GBAO Ismailis is also important. They differ not only in writing style, but also in content. The anti-religious fighters, when preparing their letters and report notes to the center (Tashkent or Moscow), had the goal of promptly “ridding” the population of “religious prejudices”, while the spiritual leaders (in our case, the residence of Imam Aga Khan III) strove to preserve the spiritual bond that had developed between Imam and his followers over millennia.
Derechos humanos y migración irregular: Desafíos y perspectivas de la política pública ecuatoriana
Authors: Ortega-Pérez Mercedes Angélica
Published: January 2025

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar los derechos humanos y migración irregular: desafíos y perspectivas de la política pública ecuatoriana. El desarrollo del método fue a partir del enfoque cuantitativo, mediante la indagación, recolección y análisis crítico documental y referencial bibliográfico, basándose en la exploración metódica, rigurosa y profunda de diversas fuentes documentales conformadas por artículos, normas y leyes entre otros, describiendo los hallazgos encontrados. En la investigación, se empleó como técnica la revisión documental. Se recurrió, además, al método inductivo-deductivo. Se concluye que, la migración irregular en Ecuador presenta desafíos significativos para proteger los derechos humanos de los migrantes. Aunque el gobierno ecuatoriano ha intentado legislar y establecer programas para abordar esta cuestión, siguen existiendo obstáculos en el acceso a la justicia y en la protección de los derechos laborales de los migrantes irregulares. Para establecer una política pública que sea inclusiva.
Efectividad del cuidado enfermero en pacientes pediátricos con neumonía
Authors: Cuello-Freire Guadalupe Eduvige , Sisa-Alban Freddy Wladimir , Toaquiza-Sanchez John Stalin , Quishpi-Pulig Erick Renato
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: analizar el cuidado enfermero en pacientes pediátricos con neumonía. Método: Descriptiva documental. Resultados y conclusión: Para lograr un cuidado pertinente es necesario considerar la estrategia de implementación se desarrolló completando los seis pasos del marco de Mapeo de Intervenciones. Es recomendable la implementación de una guía de cuidados para niños menores de 5 años que presentan neumonía que ayudará al Personal de Enfermería del Servicio de Pediatría para mejorar la atención a los pacientes que presentan esta patología, por lo que es de vital importancia la socialización continua de los planes de cuidados.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Training Needs Analysis (TNA) in MSME Manufacturing Sectors: A Business and Workforce Development Perspective
Authors: Raj Jayakumar , Muniapan Balakrishnan , Indiran Logaiswari
Published: January 2025

Objective - This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Training Needs Analysis (TNA) in Malaysian Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) within the manufacturing sector, particularly considering the COVID-19 pandemic. The research seeks to identify key challenges in TNA implementation and determine its role in supporting economic resilience through targeted professional development.
Methodology/Technique – A qualitative approach was employed, using interviews, document analysis, and observations to investigate TNA practices across MSMEs of varying sizes.
Finding – The study examined how TNA is conducted amidst budgetary constraints and strategic misalignment, with a focus on the impact of stakeholder involvement on the process's overall effectiveness. The findings reveal diverse TNA practices within MSMEs and underscore stakeholder engagement's critical yet often neglected role in the TNA process. The study presents a conceptual framework to enhance TNA practices' efficiency and strategic alignment. This framework addresses operational challenges and promotes employee development, offering valuable insights for both practitioners and policymakers.
Novelty – The novelty of this research lies in its emphasis on a structured, participatory approach to TNA, filling a key gap in the existing literature on stakeholder engagement.

Type of Paper: Empirical
JEL Classification: M53, L60, O15
Keywords: Training Needs Analysis; MSME; Manufacturing Sector; Professional Development; Workforce Training; Organizational Strategy; Stakeholder Involvement; Malaysia; Employee Performance; COVID-19 Impact
Reference to this paper should be referred to as follows: Raj, J; Muniapan, B.; Indiran, L. (2024). Assessing the Effectiveness of Training Needs Analysis (TNA) in MSME Manufacturing Sectors: A Business and Workforce Development Perspective, GATR-Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 12(4), 185–196. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2024.12.4(3)
Analisis Peramalan Jumlah Penjualan Susu pada PT. Superindo Utama Jaya Menggunakan Metode Weighted Moving Average
Authors: Septianingrum Nesyya , Saprudin Usep
Published: January 2025

This study aims to implement the Weighted Moving Average method for forecasting milk sales at PT. Superindo Utama Jaya. Data were collected through field observations, covering sales from January to December 2023. The research applies time series analysis and the Weighted Moving Average method to forecast sales from July 2023 to July 2024, with the following results: 4,822.95; 4,871.57; 4,973.04; 5,151.90; 5,385.71; 5,420.04; 5,020.85; 5,203.76; 5,181.46; 5,151.71; 5,127.70; 5,128.26; 5,142.26. The Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) were calculated, resulting in an MAE of 0.021% and an MSE of 209,932.99.
AIpreneurship: Membangun Kewirausahaan Berbasis Kecerdasan Buatan di Era Digital Bagi Mahasiswa
Authors: Prameswara Yosep Tegar
Published: January 2025

This study discusses the potential of AIpreneurship - the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into entrepreneurial practices - to help students use digital technology as a strategic tool in entrepreneurship. Amidst the economic challenges of the post-COVID-19 pandemic, AI technology is emerging as an innovative solution that can improve efficiency, accelerate decision-making, and facilitate product innovation. In this context, students can not only enhance their entrepreneurial skills, but also gain the confidence to start new competitive ventures in the digital age. Through a systematic literature review, this study identifies the benefits of AIpreneurship as well as the implementation challenges, such as limited access to technology and high costs. The findings are expected to increase the understanding of AIpreneurship among university students and provide recommendations for educational institutions to support the adoption of AI in entrepreneurship education.
التضمين وأثره النحوي في: الوجيز في تفسير القران العزيز لعلي بن الحسين العاملي(ت1135هـ )
Authors: علي الصغير محمد حسين
Published: January 2025

الملخصالتضمين وأثره النحوي في: الوجيز في تفسير القران العزيز لعلي بن الحسين العاملي (ت1135هـ )، وهو بحث مستل من أطروحة الدكتوراه الموسومة بـ البحث النحوي في الوجيز في تفسير القران العزيز لعلي بن الحسين العاملي(ت1135هـ ) للطالب سليم عبد الزهرة محسن الجصاني، بإشراف الأستاذ الأول المتمرس الدكتور محمد حسين علي الصغير.والبحث يهدف إلى دراسة نحوية تنظر في التضمين وما يقدمه من أثر نحوي تنتج منه معانٍ تفسيرية تضمنها تفسير الوجيز.وتقدم البحث تمهيد يوضح المعنى اللغوي لمفردة (التضمين)؛ ثم ما تعنيه في الاصطلاح.وعرض البحث لمواضع التضمين في الوجيز وأثرها النحوي قي تعدي الفعل لتنضوي هذه المواضع تحت عنوانات هي:1ــ التعدي بالحرف(إلى)2 ــ التعدي بالباء3 ــ التعدي بـ(على)4 ــ التعدي بـ(عن)5 ــ التعدي بـ(اللام)6ــ التعدي بـ(من)7ــ تعدي الفعل بنفسه­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­8 ــ التعدي إلى المفعول الثانيثم جاءت الخاتمة لتبين أن المفسِّر قد بذل جهداً في تتبع الآيات القرآنية وآراء المفسرين والنحويين، فضلا عن مراعاته للدلالة المعجمية والاستعمال وسياقاته.وقد اعتمد البحث على مصادر النحو والتفسير واللغة، فضلا عن غيرها نحو كتب البلاغة والمعاني.
الضمير ومفسره في الآيات المشكلة
Authors: محمد محمد عامر
Published: January 2025

اللغة العربية بحر طامٍ بعيد الغور لا يدرك كنهه ولا يسبر غوره إلا مهرة الغواصين الذين حباهم الباري عز وجل الفهم, والرسوخ في العلم, ولما كانت هذه اللغة تفسيراً صادقاً, وأنموذجاً حياً لكلام الله عز وجل, فحظيت بمنزلة رفيعة مما ميزها عن سائر اللغات.لذا جاء هذا البحث ليكشف عن جزئية صغيرة من جماليات هذه اللغة المقدسة, وهو موضوع(الضمير ومفسره في الآيات المشكلة), فالضمير من المعارف, بل هو من أعرفها بإجماع النحويين, ولما كان هذا الضمير تعبيراً عن المتكلم, والمخاطب, والغائب, جعل عوده, ومفسره من الأمور المهمة, ويظهر أن اللجوء إلى الإيجاز في ذكره من ضروب الإعجاز البياني في القرآن الكريم.إن كشف مفسر الضمير, وبيان عوده على المتقدم من الأمور المهمة والملحة, لكشف تجليات النص, وظهوره بلحاظ النظر إلى سياق النص, وتركيبه, فالنظر الفاحص في النص واستجماع أدواته وأنساقه يوصل إلى الكشف عن مرد الضمير وعوده ومن ثم الوصول إلى تكامل النص, واستحكامه. وقد جاء هذا البحث أيضاً لبيان مفسر الضمير في الآيات المشكلة التي يظن الباحثان أن المفسرين, والنحويين قد اختلفت آراؤهم في بيان مفسرها, وعودها على المتقدم, وسيحاول البحث عرض آراء المفسرين والنحويين في عود هذه الضمائر وبيان مفسرها في هذه الآيات.وجاء في ثلاثة مطالب:المطلب الأول: هو التعريف بالضمير لغةً وفي اصطلاح النحويين.المطلب الثاني: هو الوقوف على مفسر الضمير من جهة كونه مصرحاً به, أو مستغنياً عنه, والمطلب الثالث: هو بيان مفسر النص في الآيات المشكلة, وهي الآيات التي كثر فيها القول في بيان مرجعية مفسر الضمير.وقد توصل الباحثان إلى نتائج هي:1- العلاقة اللغوية بين الدلالة الحسية, والدلالة المعنوية للضمير, فمادة ( ضَ,مَ,رَ) تدل على الضمور والهزال والذبول وهي معان حسية, والمعنى المعنوي للضمير هو الخفاء وما يضمره الإنسان في نفسه, وكذلك قلة أحرف الضمير.2- إن الضمير هو احدث عهداً وظهوراً من اللغة في الظاهر, فالظاهر هو الأقدم والأسبق من الظهور.3- إن ضمير المتكلم هو أعرف المعارف عامة, والضمائر خاصة فهو يدل على العلمية من جهة, وعلى الإشارة من جهة أخرى.4- ظهر إن اختلاف النحاة والمفسرين في مرجعية الضمير, وذلك من أجل الوصول إلى التماسك الدلالي, فاختلافهم كان للوصول إلى التقارب, والتضافر الدلالي مما أدى إلى اختلاف آرائهم في مرجعية الضمير.
أثر الحواس والغرائز في تغيير ما في النفس
Authors: الشمري رؤوف احمد
Published: January 2025

The idea of research and its results:the research has detected the impact of the senses and instincts in the change in the soul and concluded the following results:First: A person must be aware that his senses are subject to the divine regulatory system, which necessitates the preservation of these senses and instincts from deviation.Second: The Holy Quran regulated senses and instincts in humans within a sacred legal framework that guarantees the preservation of the integrity of human instinct.Third: The senses are the first steps followed by the Devil to mislead the human.Fourth: the Quran warned that the soul is the center of desires and is what made Cain kills Abel, so beware of them
القراءات التأويليّة المُعاصرة للنصّ القرآنيّ (قراءات ما بعد الحداثة Post modernism) الأسس المعرفية – المرجعية المنهجية
Authors: سميسم علي كاظم
Published: January 2025

ما فتئت جدليّة التفاعليّة بين النصّ القرآنيّ وآليات فهمه تلحّ على الوعى لضبط ميزانها والتثبّت من فاعليّتها، وإنّ السعي لفهم النصّ القرآنيّ، وتحديث قراءته، وتأسيس آليّات فهم معاصرة لازم كان منذ العصور التأسيسيّة الأولى، فهو يعيش في حاجة الوعي الديني البشري للتحديث. هنا إذ اتّخذت «الأصالة والمعاصرة» بعدًا تداوليًّا مفرطًا حتى غدت من الإشكالات المنهجيّة في العلوم الإنسانيّة، تُطرح في ضمن المستجدّات الطارئة على بيئة الثقافة الإسلاميّة.أمّا قضية «التأويليةR فهي من أكثر المسائل إثارةً للجدل وأعقدها فهمًا واستيعابًا في شتّى الاتّجاهات الفكريّة؛ لأنّها تمسّ الوعي الذاتيّ للإنسان، وتتعامل مع الفهم بوصفه موقفاً أو فعلاً لوضوح الوجود أو غموضه، ليتحوّل كلّ موجود أمامها إلى نصّ حتى تتكيّف مع التغيير الذي يطرأ على وعي الذات تجاه الوجود.وقد انكبّت الدراسات القرآنيّة المعاصرة على تولية العقل دورًا محوريًّا في نقد الثقافة السائدة والتراث الفكريّ الذي شيّدها، حتى باتت هذه المنهجيّة ضرورة معرفيّة في أدبيّات موجة التجديد التي تروم إعادة تشكيل التراث الديني وفقًا لأسس عقليّة لتوليد ثقافة فكريّة بديلة عن الأصولية.وعلى هذه الدعوى برزت قراءات متأثرة بفكر الأنوار الغربي؛ لا سيما في الهرمينيوطيقا ومن هؤلاء كانت قراءة محمد أركون، ونصر حامد أبو زيد، وعبد الكريم سروش، ومحمد شبستري، وحسن حنفي، ومحمد عابد الجابري وأضرابهم. ويتناول البحث أنواع هذه القراءات، وأسسها المنهجية التي اعتمدها، وأهدافها، ومرجعيتها المنهجية، وأصولها المعرفية .
أثر الشعرية في النصوص السردية رواية (القلعة الخامسة) لفاضل العزاوي انموذجاً
Authors: عبد نور لواء تقي
Published: January 2025

إنَّ موضوع البحث هو رواية (القلعة الخامسة) لفاضل العزاوي، هذه الرواية الجميلة والممتعة التي عالجت موضوعة سياسية بأسوب مميز، وقد احتاج الكاتب إلى توظيف تقنيات خاصة ليوصل عبرها رسائله بخطاب شعري يتناسب مع الفكرة الاساس التي تحملها الرواية؛ ذلك أنَّ الشّعرية هي القيمة الجمالية، والطريقة الإبداعية التي تكشف للمتلقي عن مكنونات الذات البشرية بوساطة اللغة التي تتنوع وظائفها بحسب الحدث الجمالي والفكرة المنشودة من الكاتب، فما يميز الرواية ذلك التزاوج بين الاجناس الأدبية فضلاً عن البعد الشعري والاشتغال المتميز والمتألق على اللغة، ولعل العزاوي استحضر ذاته الشاعر وهو ينجز هذا النص السردي فجاءت غاية الإمتاع قبل الإقناع، بل أن المتلقي ليأنس بمتعة الحكاية وسحر الشعر في الوقت ذاته.تتبع البحثُ موجزاً لمفهوم مصطلح الشعرية، ثم انتقل إلى الوقوف على بعض البنيات المتحكمة في الخطاب السردي التي ترتقي بالنثر إلى المستوى الشعري ومنها: (الفكرة، اللغة المكان، الصورة، الزمن ،العاطفة ثم الإيقاع).
الإيمان الديني إشكالية المفهوم.. وأثرها في إطلاق حكم التكفير
Authors: طعمة اسعد عبد الرزاق
Published: January 2025

في ضوء ما تقدم يتضح ان اليمان فيما بعد أصبح مفهوما مركبا ومعقدا, فبعد أن كان الخطاب الق ا رنييحاكي ابسط العقول بأن )آمنوا( فقد تم تكثيف المفهوم من خلال الضافة والتأويل, ونتيجة الختلاف فيمفهوم اليمان وقع الختلاف في المور التي تنقض اليمان والتي تسبب الكفر, وتم اضافة العمل كمقومجوهري لحقيقة اليمان وبالتالي تكثر النواقض وتعدد اسباب الكفر بالشكل الذي اصبح معه التكفير يعتمدغالبا على وسائل في غاية العتباط لكونه يعتمد على شروط صارمة لتحقق اليمان من جهة وفياستم ا رره واستق ا رره من جهة أخرى مما فسح المجال امام التكفير على نحو غير منضبط.ومنه اتضح ان الإيمان خضع لإضافات تأويلية تم صياغتها وفق ق ا رءة خاصة للاتجاه السلفي, من خلالالحاق الكثير من القضايا الفرعية إلى مجال أصول الإيمان, كما في مسألة بغض الصحابة وجعلها مناطاللتكفير.كذلك تم تجاوز حقيقة الكفر المتمثلة بالجحود والنتقال إلى مسائل فرعية ليتم صياغتها على أنها أصولإيمانية كما في الولء والب ا رء والحب والبغض, التي أصبحت مفاصل أساسية في تحقق الكفر والخرو عنالدين.كل ذلك نتج بسبب اشكاليات الق ا رءة لمفهوم الإيمان بسبب تجاوز المعايير الموضوعية وسطحية الق ا رءةوالفهم, وتضخيم المسائل والقضايا التي تتعلق بالإيمان والكفر لتتخذ نمط الإقصاء والعزلة وتوسيع دائرة)الآخر( من خلال تجاهل المشتركات, بل إلغائها واستبدالها بمفاصلات ومقاطعات عن طريق مفاهيممجلة كلية الفقه / العدد السادس والعشرون) 922 (قابلة للتوسعة والنطباق على مصاديق كثيرة يسهل في ضوئها تكفير أكبر عدد من البشر, وهو ما لميؤكد عليه الدين بل جاء بعكسه.الهوامش:
ينية لعقيدة القيامة من بين الأموات في الأديان - دراسة مقارنة–
Authors: عباس دعاء شكر
Published: January 2025

In Christianity: the resurrection of Christ are regarded as among the dead, the cornerstone of the biblical faith in the system, all done by Christ during his life on earth from the teachings and miracles ratified by God the Father when he raised Christ Jesus from the dead.Veron: that faith in the resurrection means faith in God. If God exists, and the creation of the universe and has the ability to the universe, it is able to establish the dead. If this were not his ability, it is not of God, and not worth our faith or our worship, and thus the resurrection of Jesus from the dead is an important pillar of the most important pillars of the Christian religion.But the Koran denied the resurrection of the dead, because Christ is not dead already, but raising evidence that different on the subject of murder and steel of the Jews and the Christians are at a loss about the ordered did not arrive at certainty because they do not speak of science but rather follow a conjecture that is not connected to the uncertainty.