bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ISLAMIC INFLUENCE ON THE TRADITIONAL BASHKIR ART
Authors: Nechvoloda E. E.
Published: October 2018

It is the geometric and vegetal ornamental motifs that dominate in the works of traditional arts and crafts of the Bashkir people. The Bashkirs are Muslims. Therefore, the popularity of abstract ornamental forms in their artistic creativity is often associated with the religious prohibition against images of human beings, animals and birds. However, a comparative historical study of the Bashkir ornaments shows that basic types of geometric and vegetal motifs and also their compositions were formed long before the adoption of Islam by the ancestors of the Bashkirs. Anthropomorphic, ornitomorphic and zoomorphic images were still preserved in the Bashkir art and had very stylized geometric shapes in accordance with the general structure of the composition, type and graphics of the ornament. The preservation of these images in the art was favoured probably not only by a high degree of stylization, but also by the fact that for a long time the Bashkirs, despite the Islamization, remained committed to many remnants of the pre-Islamic worldview with its totemic cults. It can be stated that the adoption of Islam could not ‘edit’ the traditional decorative art of the Bashkirs and exclude archaic motifs and compositions. Old compositions were revised in terms of the new religion. Thus, the ﬂ oral and foliate ornament became associated with the Garden of Eden. New motifs, such as the images of mosques, qumgan (a special jug) and the Crescent, found their way into the Bashkir ornaments together with the new worldview and rituals. Traditional embroidery could be supplemented with embroidered texts in Arabic script. The decorated objects included those directly associated with the Muslim traditions (scullcaps, prayer rugs 'namaslyk', calligraphy pictures 'shama’il').
REVIEW OF THE COLLECTION OF ARTICLES ‘100 YEARS OF FORMATION OF THE TATAR AUTONOMOUS SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC’
Authors: Khabutdinov A. Yu.
Published: October 2018

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IN REFUTATION OF STEREOTYPES: ABUL KALAM AZAD (1888–1958)
Authors:  Stepanyants M. T.
Published: October 2018

A convincing refutation of stereotypes about Islam as a religion of implacably hostility to the adherents of other faiths serves as an example of life, activity, and evolution of thinking that was demonstrated by an outstanding political leader of the Indian national liberation movement Abul Kalam Azad (1888-1958). Initially he was an ardent follower of Aligarh movement which stood for Muslim education and their cooperation with the colonial authorities. From 1911 to 1916 Azad is an active promoter of Muslim nationalism, Caliphate movement. From 1920 until the end of life Azad was a tough critic of the separatist Muslim nationalism, one of the most prominent leaders of the Indian National Congress Party, Minister of education of secular Republic of India. History of Azad’s personal evolution convincingly testiﬁ es to the dynamic nature of Islamic teaching which calls for renunciation of dogmatic views and maintaining the constant desire to discover the deep world outlook meanings
IBN ‘ATA’ ALLAH AL-ISKANDARI AND HIS SUFI APHORISMS (KITAB AL-HIKAM)
Authors:  Nasyrov I. R.
Published: October 2018

The present article is devoted to the study of famous Egyptian Islamic mystic (Suﬁ ) Ibn ‘Aṭā’ Allāh al-Iskandarī’s views in the context of Ibn ‘Arabi’s teaching of “wahdat al-wujud” (the Unity of Being). Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah al-Iskandari (d. 709/1309) was third great shaykh of the Suﬁ  order of the Shadhiliyya, founded by Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili (d. 656/1258). Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah wrote works on Suﬁ sm that had become a part of classical Suﬁ  legacy. His ‘Kitab al-Hikam’ (The Book of Wisdoms), a small collection of Suﬁ  aphorisms, is considered to be genuine masterpiece. He played also the important role in the establishment of institutional framework of the Suﬁ  order of the Shadhiliyya in Egypt. So, the spiritual legacy of him is embodied both in his disciples and in his books.

The aim of this article is to explore the inﬂ uence of the Ibn ‘Arabi’s ideas on Shadhiliyya tradition, especially on Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah al-Iskandari’s thought. The famous medieval Islamic thinker Ibn ‘Arabi (1165–1240) was one of the most inﬂ uential Islamic thinkers. His intellectual talents and his deep inﬂ uence on Muslim thought are indisputable. There is no doubt that Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah was familiar with Ibn ‘Arabi’s doctrines. The author considers that some ideas and theories that had become a part of Ibn ‘Arabi’s philosophy afterwards entered into early Shadhili tradition before Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah and were gradually transformed in accordance with sober form of Suﬁ sm. According to the author’s viewpoint, several factors forced the Shadhili shaykhs to reject metaphysical doctrines of Ibn ‘Arabi and preferred doctrines of sober form of Suﬁ sm, like teaching of the prominent Muslim theologian, philosopher and mystic al-Gazali (1058–1111).
The heat transfer enhancement of concurrent flow and counter current flow concentric tube heat exchangers by using hexagonal boron nitride/water nanofluid
Authors: Sozen Adnan , Gucluer Sinan , Kilinc Cuma
Published: October 2018

Heat exchangers are used in many applications including chemical, oil, and gas power generation, refrigeration, pharmaceuticals, and food processing. Because of their widespread usage, they have various types to serve at different working conditions. Increasing the performance of heat exchangers has become a very interesting field of study since the efficiency of various industrial and domestic systems depend on them. In this study, a coaxial double tube experimental set-up was prepared, and the effect of using nanohexagonal boron nitride nanofluid as hot working fluid on the heat transfer performance increase was investigated. The experiments were carried out in concurrent flow and counter flow conditions for various hot fluid-flow rates to obtain the heat transfer coefficients. Nanohexagonal boron nitride obtained in powder form was used to prepare the nanofluid by a two-step method. The 4 kg nanofluid containing 2% nanohexagonal boron nitride with 0.5% Triton X-100 as a surfactant in terms of mass ratio was prepared for the experiments. Heat transfer experiments were carried out three times by using the prepared nanohexagonal boron nitride/water nanofluid and pure water as hot fluid to reach more precise results. In the result of this study, the total heat transfer coefficient showed an average improvement of 48.78% for the concurrent flow heat exchanger, while an average improvement of 0.36% was observed in the counter flow conditions compared to the base fluid. This study shows the potential of application of nanohexagonal boron nitride/water nanofluid in heat management applications.
Thermal-hydraulic analysis of water based ZrO2 nanofluids in segmental baffled shell and tube heat exchangers
Authors: Sajjad Muhammad , Ali Hassan , Kamran Muhammad
Published: October 2018

Thermal-hydraulic characteristics of water based ZrO2 nanofluids has been investigated in a segmental baffled shell and tube heat exchanger in turbulent flow regime. The effect of Reynolds number, nanoparticle loading, mass-flow rate, and tube lay-out has been analysed on overall heat transfer coefficient. The effect of Reynolds number on the tube side pressure drop and convective heat coefficient have also been discussed. The effect of shell side mass-flow rate was also investigated on shell side heat transfer coefficient determined using Bell-Delaware method. The nanoparticle volume concentration is taken very low i. e. 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8%, respectively. The improvement in both tube side convective heat transfer coefficient and overall heat transfer coefficient has been observed. The maximum improvement in the convective heat transfer coefficient is found to be 14.1% for 0.8% ZrO2 nanofluids. However, the percentage enhancement in tube side pressure drop was higher than the percentage increment in the tube side heat transfer coefficient.
A Magyarországi Paleogén Medence paleo-oceanográfiája bentosz foraminiferák paleoökológiai vizsgálata alapján
Authors: Ozsvárt Péter
Published: October 2018

A Magyarországi paleogén medence különböző részmedencéiből 14 mélyfúrás és két felszíni szelvény felső-paleo gén rétegsorának bentosz foraminifera faunáját vizsgáltam. A foraminifera közösségek statisztikai elemzéséből rész letes, a paleoökológiai és a paleo-oceanográfiai változásokat jól dokumentáló adatsorokat kaptam. Ezek elemzé séből rekonstruálni tudtam a legfontosabb oceanológiai paramétereket: az egykori sótartalmat, a hőmérsékletet, a vízmélységet, valamint a szervesanyag fluxust. A folyamatos és közel ekvidisztáns mintavételezés alapján a sokváltozós statisztikai módszerek segítségével az említett paraméterek időbeli változását is meghatároztam. Megállapítottam, hogy a középsőés késő-eocén folyamán képződött üledékek a bentosz foraminiferák paleoökológiai elemzése alapján a kontinentális self sekély litorális övétől (5–30 méter), a szublitorális–mélyszublitorális övön keresztül (30–200 méter), a batiális öv felső részéig (200–500 méter) rakódhattak le. A foraminifera közösségek domináns fajai alapján a középső-eocén elejétől a bakonyi területen kialakult medencében fokozatos hőmérséklet-csökkenés feltételezhető. A különböző területeken az időben eltolódó lehűlés a topográfiai különbségeknek köszönhető. A középső- és késő-eocén folyamán az inbentosz és az epibentosz közösségek statisztikai elemzéséből két gyengébb (POMZ1 és POMZ3) és két jelentős (POMZ2 és POMZ4) eutrofizációs folyamat feltételezhető. A paleogén medence korábban feltételezett, helyenként szél ső ségesen gyors ütemű süllyedésének kezdete egybeesik az NP17 zónában kimutatott jelentős eutrofizációs folyamat megindulásával (POMZ2), ami így nem egy döntően tektonikai, hanem egy markáns paleo-oceanográfiai eseménynek is tekinthető.
Análise de impacto orçamentário de próteses dispensadas em um hospital do SUS
Authors: Barbieri Tait Gandolfi Claudia , Gabrielli Barreto Campello Carlos Alberto , Engel Edgard Eduard , Grespan Bonacim Carlos Alberto , Ribeiro Vieira Amanda , Nunes Altacílio Aparecido
Published: October 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: As pessoas com deficiências físicas, frequentemente, necessitam de órteses, próteses e meios auxiliares de locomoção, que são fornecidos, gratuitamente, pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em centros credenciados. Porém, as equipes de reabilitação têm dúvidas quanto à real utilização destes equipamentos. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar qual é o impacto orçamentário nos recursos públicos da não adesão na utilização das próteses. MÉTODO: Um levantamento demonstrou que 37% dos pacientes não utilizam as próteses recebidas do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo. Foi realizada uma Análise de Impacto Orçamentário comparando-se o cenário em que é dispensado ao paciente tudo que é prescrito, com um cenário alternativo, em que estes equipamentos seriam entregues somente aos 63% de pacientes que os utilizam. DISCUSSÃO: Levando–se em conta o considerável valor financeiro aplicado neste programa, recomenda-se o aprofundamento das questões relativas à não adesão ao tratamento com próteses, evitando assim a dispensação para aqueles sabidamente não aderentes e possibilitando que os valores economizados sejam usados em outros programas. CONCLUSÃO: O fornecimento racional de próteses pode gerar melhoria significativa na aplicação dos recursos do SUS. Acredita-se que futuros estudos serão importantes para avaliar fatores individuais preditivos para o uso de próteses e potencialmente otimizar aplicação dos recursos públicos.
Áhrif Royaumont-málþingsins 1959 á íslenskt námsefni í stærðfræði fyrir börn
Authors: Bjarnadóttir Kristín
Published: October 2018

Málþing var haldið árið 1959 í Royaumont, Frakklandi, um nýja hugsun um skólastærðfræði. Royaumont-málþingið olli nokkrum straumhvörfum í hugsun um skólastærðfræði og rannsóknum á því sviði. Nýjar hugmyndir um skólastærðfræði, sem ræddar voru þar, voru nefndar nýja stærðfræðin, New Math, og tengdust hreyfingu, kenndri við Bourbaki, um endurskoðun á framsetningu stærðfræði með nútímalegum hætti, mathematique moderne. Í kjölfar málþingsins var tekið upp norrænt samstarf um greiningu á stöðu stærðfræðimenntunar á Norðurlöndum, námskrárgerð og samningu kennslubóka í tilraunaskyni. Stofnuð var nefnd, Nordiska kommittén för modernisering av matematikundervisningen, NKMM, sem stóð fyrir vinnu að verkinu á árunum 1960–1967. Megináhersla norrænu nefndarinnar var á námsefni fyrir 7 –12. bekk og ætlunin var að efnið yrði hægt að þýða og staðfæra í hverju landi fyrir sig. Einnig voru ráðnir sérfræðingar um námsefni 1.–6. bekkjar. Danskur höfundur, Agnete Bundgaard, og finnsk samstarfskona hennar, Eeva Kyttä, voru ráðnar til að rita kennslubókaflokk fyrir tvö fyrstu árin frá sjö ára aldri og Agnete Bundgaard ritaði ein kennslubækur fyrir næstu fjögur aldursstig. Flokkurinn var þýddur á íslensku frá og með 1966.Kennslubókaflokkur þessi, sem oft er nefndur Bundgaard-námsefnið, er greindur með tilliti til tillagna, sem settar voru fram á Royaumont-málþinginu um námsefni í stærðfræði fyrir barnaskóla, og borinn saman við eldra og yngra námsefni.Niðurstöður sýna að áhrif tillagna, sem kynntar voru á málþinginu, um að leggja áherslu á formgerð talnakerfisins og setja efnið fram með hjálp mengjafræðilegra hugtaka, voru mikil en dvínuðu smám saman í síðari kennslubókum. Framsetning á tölum og talnakerfi byggðum á frumtölum og deilanleika gekk í endurnýjun lífdaga í íslenskri skólastærðfræði, ásamt nálgun (e. approximation) og mati (e. estimation). Enn fremur komu síðar fram nýir efnisþættir sem ræddir voru í Royaumont, til dæmis tölfræði og líkindareikningur.
Orta Doğu Ülkelerinin Su Ürünleri Üretimi
Authors: Saygı Hülya , Kop Aysun , Tekoğul Hatice , Altan Özgür
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Zaman serileri analizi yöntemiyle Orta Doğu Ülkelerinin su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinin 2030 yılı için gelecek tahmini yapmaktır. Ayrıca, Orta Doğu ülkeleri için temel bileşen analizi (PCA) ve hiyerarşik küme analizi (HCA) yöntemleri ile su ürünleri üretim, ithalat, ihracat ve tüketim verilerine dayalı bir sınıflandırma ve kümeleme yapmaktır. FAO (Birleşmiş Milletler Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü)‘nun 1950-2016 yılları arasındaki Orta Doğu ülkelerine ait su ürünleri istatistiklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu verilere zaman serileri, KuÌˆmeleme ve Faktör analizi uygulanmıştır. Zaman serisi analizi sonucuna göre mevcut durum devam ederse, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği Kuveyt, Libya ve Suriye‘de sona erecektir. Diğer ülkelerinde 2030 yılı için üretim miktarları en düşük Ürdün ve en yüksek Mısır için tahmin edilmiştir. Buna göre, Orta Doğu ülkelerinde toplam su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği üretim miktarı 2030 yılında 4,8 milyon ton olacağı tahmin edilmiştir. PCA‘ ne göre PC1 için sırasıyla Kıbrıs, Irak, İsrail, Ürdün, Kuveyt, Lübnan, Suudi Arabistan, Türkiye ve Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri iken, PC2 için Cezayir, Mısır, İran, Umman, Tunus ve Yemen için yüksek oranda ilişkili bulunmuştur. HCA‘ne göre ilk küme Ürdün, Lübnan, Kuveyt, Kıbrıs, Irak iken 2. Kümede İsrail, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri, Cezayir, Tunus, Umman ve Yemen, 3. Kümede Suudi Arabistan, 4. Kümede ise İran, Türkiye ve Mısır‘dan oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, Orta Doğu ülkelerinin su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği tür bazında daha ayrıntılı olarak incelenmelidir. Ayrıca ülkelerin su ürünleri politikalarında gerekli düzenlemeler için tavsiye edilmektedir.
Midwest SAPh Conference Introduction
Authors: 2018 MIDWEST SAPH
Published: October 2018

Abstracts from the 18th Biennial Midwest Social and Administrative Pharmacy Conference

Wednesday August 15 – Friday August 17, 2018
Education
Authors: 2018 MIDWEST SAPH
Published: October 2018

Article 1: ‘Hope’ing to Become a Pharmacist: Exploring Hope in First Year Pharmacy Students Bethany A. Von Hoff, PharmD; Benjamin D. Aronson, PharmD, PhD; Kristin K. Janke, PhD; Robert A. Bechtol, MS Article 2: Impact of Simulations on Health Professional Students’ Empathy: A Systematic Review Natalie R Gadbois, PharmD, MPA; Norman E Fenn III, PharmD, BCPS; Bethany McGowan, MLIS, MS; Kimberly S Plake, PhD, FAPhA Article 3: Effect of Incorporating a Cultural Awareness Digital Badge on Pharmacy Students’ Cultural Empathy Jenny Beal, PharmD; Casey Wright; Katherine Yngve; Jason Fish; Craig Zywicki; Taylor Brodner; Sue Wilder; Dan Whiteley; Kevin O’Shea; Brandon Karcher; Kimberly Plake, PhD Article 4: Evaluating the Long-term Benefits of Pharmacy Professionals’ Engagement in International/Global Health Programs Prosperity Eneh, PharmD; Olihe Okoro, Ph.D, MPH; Melanie Nicol, PharmD, PhD Article 5: Faculty Perceptions of a Tobacco Cessation Train-the-Trainer Program: A Qualitative Follow-up Study Nervana Elkhadragy, PharmD, BCPS; Robin Corelli, PharmD; Alissa Russ, PhD; Margie Snyder, PharmD, MPH, FCCP; Mercedes Clabaugh; Karen Hudmon, DrPH, MS, RPh Article 6: Predictors of Academic Performance in Pharmacy School Based on Pre Admission Characteristics Dao Tran; Zachary Rivers; Ann Philbrick; Olivia Buncher; Peter Haeg; David Stenehjem
Medication Access & Adherence
Authors: 2018 MIDWEST SAPH
Published: October 2018

Faculty Discussant: Olayinka Shiyanbola, PhD Article 1: The Association Between Adverse Drug Reaction Incidence and Drug Adherence : A Systematic Approach Huang CY; Villa KR;Dircksen, K; Sabbaghi A; Murawski MMArticle 2: Adherence to Biologic and Conventional Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Pragya Mishra, MS, PhD Candidate; Joseph Thomas III, PhD, ProfessorArticle 3: Cost-Effectiveness of a Theoretical Pharmacist-Led Breast Cancer Adherence Intervention Alemseged Ayele Asfaw, MSc; Brian Talon, PharmD; Scott Wirth PharmD, BCOP; Lisa Sharp PhD; Daniel Touchette PharmD, MAArticle 4: Antidiabetic Drug Adherence among Childless Adults Experiencing Medicaid Coverage Expansion in Wisconsin Nam Hyo Kim, MS; Kevin A. Look, PhD; Marguerite Burns, PhDArticle 5: Exploring the Barriers and Facilitators of Medication Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes across Different Health Literacy LevelsYen-Ming Huang, MS; Olayinka O. Shiyanbola, PhD BPharmArticle 6: Closing the Medicare Part D Coverage Gap: Impact on Out-Of-Pocket Burden, Drug Utilization, and Access to Care among Beneficiaries and Those with Cancer Joohyun Park, MS; Kevin A. Look, PharmD, PhDArticle 7: Relationship of Travel Distance and Time to Dispensing Pharmacies on Warfarin Control in an Urban Population Connie H. Yan, PharmD; Edith Nutescu, PharmD, MS; Lisa K. Sharp, PhD
Planificación urbanística del turismo: la regulación de las viviendas de uso turístico en Madrid y Barcelona
Authors: Román Márquez Alejandro
Published: October 2018

Las importantes restricciones que el planeamiento urbano ha impuesto a las viviendas de uso turístico en las ciudades de Madrid y Barcelona imponen un examen de estas medidas desde el punto de vista de los principios de buena regulación económica, la libre prestación de servicios y la protección de los derechos fundamentales de ciudadanos en general y de propietarios de viviendas en particular.
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF SHARIAH AUDITING IN ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTION AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE COMPLIANCE
Authors: Arwani Agus
Published: October 2018

The study examines the perspective of practitioners who are involved directly and/or indirectly with the process of shariah compliance/auditing from Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) on the issues of standards for shariah auditing, auditors qualifications, and independence. Auditing Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) covers a wider scope than legal financial statement auditing. External auditors of IFIs not only conduct financial audits but also conduct tests on the shariah compliance of IFIs, according to fatawa (religious opinions) and guidelines set by the Shariah Supervisory Board (SSB). Shariah review is unique to IFIs, due to the requirement to ensure that all business activities and operations of IFIs adhere to shariah precepts. The scarce resourceful auditors with both shariah and accounting/auditing qualifications and the issue of self-review threat to independence may affect the reputable image of Islamic financial institutions. This article is literature method. The findings reinforce the importance of auditors' qualification and independence as currently there is no mandatory regulated professional shariah auditor code to be in tandem with the drastic growth of the IFIs. The paper offers practical implication to regulators in providing a direction to revise the existing standards for shariah auditing practices and to formulate a mandatory professional governance structure for shariah auditors.
PENGARUH SUKUK RITEL PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PENGHIMPUNAN DANA PIHAK KETIGA BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Yaya Rizal , Sofiyana Ekta
Published: October 2018

This research aims at investigating factors that influence third parties funds (TPF) of Indonesian Islamic banks during the issuance of government retail sukuk 2012-2015. Data are taken from quarterly statistical reports of Indonesian Islamic banking and analysed by using multiple linear regression. The results show that retail sukuk has negative influence, while offices number, company size, and return for the third parties have positive influence on TPF collected. As having negative influence, Islamic banks should anticipate future issuance of retail sukuk by improving their internal performance. Failing to anticipate it, they may suffer of decreasing amount of TPF.
ETNOBOTÂNICA E ETNOFARMACOLOGIA DAS ESPÉCIES DE AMARYLLIDACEAE, ANACARDIACEAE, ANNONACEAE E APIACEAE
Authors: Salesse Daniele , Medeiros Franciele Castilhos , Silva Cecília Cividini Monteiro da , Lourenço Emerson Luiz Botelho , Jacomassi Ezilda
Published: October 2018

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar o levantamento das informações etnobotânicas, etnofarmacológicas e farmacológicas registradas na literatura sobre as espécies de Amaryllidaceae, Anacardiaceae, Annonaceae e Apiaceae, cultivadas no Horto Medicinal do Campus 2 da Universidade Paranaense - UNIPAR. Para tanto, foram utilizadas as bases de dados disponíveis, cujos artigos científicos foram retirados de revistas nacionais e internacionais, sem restrição do ano de publicação, a partir do objeto de estudo ora proposto. As quatro famílias botânicas abordadas neste trabalho somaram 14 espécies, sendo apenas duas delas de uso exclusivamente ornamental. Dentre as de uso medicinal, a maioria apresentou estudos farmacológicos registrados na literatura consultada. Das famílias abordadas, Amaryllidaceae se destacou por apresentar espécies ornamentais com registro etnofarmacológico e farmacológico, como é o caso do agapanto (Agapanthus africanus) que promove aumento da contratilidade uterina e do agave (Agave angustifolia) que possui efeito imunomodulador. Apesar dos registros farmacológicos encontrados, ainda há necessidade de mais investigações científicas para que a população possa fazer o uso com maior eficácia e segurança.
KSISTENSI HUKUM ISLAM DALAM PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM PIDANA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Silfiah Rossa Ilma
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTIndonesia is a legal country that has experienced such a long legal history process. The existence of law in Indonesia become a necessary in order to arrange the citizen life. Before the independence, Indonesia followed custom laws and religious laws of the society. One of them is Islamic law having lived among the Indonesian people before the freedom time. This Islamic law has lived along with the Custom Law in Indonesia and being obeyed by the society based on the awarness each individual. Therefore, it is not suprisingly that the Islamic and Custom laws have higher position than the Positive law taken from the colonial/west law. Thus, in formulating the National Law, the Islamic and Custom laws become the material sources stated in formulating a positive law. Moreover, the formulating of the National Law, including the criminal law, needs the contribution of the Islamic law as well as the Custom and West Laws. The history of criminal law development in Indonesia has filled with Islamic values, because the socialization process of the Islamic law integrated with the custom development in resolving the celriminal cases. Keyterms: The Existence of Islamic Law, Criminal Law, National Law.
Tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the Southern Campania Margin: a key area for the evolution of the Tyrrhenian-Apennine system
Authors: Iannace Pietro , Torrente Maurizio M. , Milia Alfonsa
Published: October 2018

The Southern Campania Margin (SCM) represents a key area of the Central Mediterranean because it records all the rifting stages of the Tyrrhenian Sea. The interpretation of a seismic dataset calibrated with deep wells and outcrops, using seismic stratigraphy and structural geology methods in a dedicated Geographic Information System (GIS) environment, the seismic depth conversion, the generation of 2-D and 3-D models led to the reconstruction of a polyphased tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the SCM. During the early stage of Tyrrhenian opening a terrigenous transtensional Basin (Langhian-Tortonian Cilento Basin) formed on the Liguride accretionary prism adjacent to the Calabria crystalline terrane. In the SCM the Liguride thrust sheets tectonically overly the Apennine Platform units and both these nappes have been dismembered by Quaternary faults. Three rifting stages, not homogeneously distributed, affected the region since the Lower Pleistocene. They are associated to the deposition of a thick Quaternary succession (A, B and C units). During these Pleistocene stages there was an abrupt change of the extension direction (from NE-SW to NW-SE) accompanying a change of the nappe transport direction of the Southern Apennines. The construction of balanced sections using dedicated software, permitted us to recognize the true geometry of the faults and compute the amount of Quaternary extension of the SCM that results comparable to those calculated for other sectors of the Tyrrhenian margin and further extensional regions worldwide.
Ermeni Sorununun Etkisinde Karadeniz Demiryolları Müzakereleri ve 1900 İtilafnamesi (Negotiations of the Black Sea Railways in the Impact of the Armenian Question and the 1900 Agreement)
Authors: Tufan Samet
Published: October 2018

XIX.
yüzyılda modern anlamda demiryollarının ortaya çıkışı ile birlikte Osmanlı
Devleti, savaş ve iç karışıklıklar durumunda demiryollarını ulaşım sorununu
çözecek çare olarak görmüştür. Bu yönde girişimlerde bulunurken ise diğer büyük
devletlerden farklı olarak Rusya ile inşa edeceği bu demiryolları konusunda
ihtilaf yaşamıştır. Osmanlı Devleti güçlenmek isterken, Rusya ise kendi
çıkarları açısından Osmanlı Devleti’nin her yönden güçsüz kalmasını
istemekteydi.

Osmanlı Devleti, Anadolu – Bağdat
Demiryolu imtiyazını Almanya’ya vermesi üzerine Rusya bu demiryollarının kendi
nüfuz alanını tehdit ettiğini düşünerek Osmanlı Devleti’nden kendi hududu
boyunca uzanan Karadeniz ve Doğu Anadolu bölgesinin demiryolu imtiyazını almak
için ortaya atıldı. Bunun üzerine Osmanlı Devleti her ne kadar Rusya’ya Karadeniz
Demiryolu imtiyazını vermek istemediyse de zaten var olan bir sorun olarak
sürüncemede kalan 1896 yılında Van dolaylarında çıkan Ermeni ayaklanmasının
sonunda Kafkasya’ya kaçan isyancı Ermenilerin memleketlerine dönmemelerine
karşılık, dönemin Padişahı II. Abdülhamit, Rusya’ya Karadeniz Demiryolu
ayrıcalığını verdi. Böylelikle Osmanlı Devleti ile Rusya ilişkilerinin
bilinmeyen bir yönü olan Karadeniz Demiryolları ile Ermeni meselesi bu süreçte
birbirine dahil olmuştur. Sonuç olarak ise, tarihe “1900 İtilafnamesi” olarak
geçen bu mutabakat Osmanlı Devleti ile Rusya arasında bir uzlaşmadır.

Bu makalede Başbakanlık Osmanlı
Arşivi’ndeki arşiv belgeleri ve araştırma eserleri kullanılmıştır. Birkaç tane
Fransızca belge ile araştırma eser dışında yabancı kaynaklar kullanılmamıştır.
Does Local Structure Bias How a Crystal Nucleus Evolves?
Authors: Hall Kyle , Zhang Zhengcai , Burnham Christian , Guo Guang-Jun , Carpendale Sheelagh , English Niall J. , Kusalik Peter G.
Published: October 2018

The broad scientific and technological importance of crystallization has led to significant research probing and rationalizing crystallization processes, particularly how nascent crystal phases appear. Previous work has generally neglected the possibility of the molecular-level dynamics of individual nuclei coupling to local structures (e.g., that of the nucleus and its surrounding environment). However, recent experimental work has conjectured that this can occur. Therefore, to address a deficiency in scientific understanding of crystallization, we have probed the nucleation of prototypical single and multi-component crystals (specifically, ice and mixed gas hydrates). Here, we establish that local structures can bias the evolution of nascent crystal phases on a nanosecond timescale by, for example, promoting the appearance or disappearance of specific crystal motifs, and thus reveal a new facet of crystallization behaviour. Analysis of the crystallization literature confirms that structural biases are likely present during crystallization processes beyond ice and gas hydrate formation. Moreover, we demonstrate that structurally-biased dynamics are a lens for understanding existing computational and experimental results while pointing to future opportunities.
The progression of carotid vascular remodeling risk factors in patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Pavlova O S , Korobko I Yu , Nechesova T A , Liventseva M M , Zatoloka N V , Kovsh E V , Ogurtsova S E , Mrochek A G
Published: October 2018

Objective. To determine the clinical and genetic risk factors for the development and progression of carotid vascular remodeling according to the prospective observation after five years in patients with essential arterial hypertension (AH). Material and methods. The repeat clinical and instrumental examination with assessment of concomitant cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity level, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, signs of depression) was performed in 78 patients with AH. The ultrasound examination of carotid arteries included evaluation of intima-media complex thickness (IMT) and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques. The polymorphism of the genes of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and polymorphism of restriction fragment lengths. Results. Progression of vascular remodeling was observed in 26 patients (33.3%) according to the results of carotid arteries examination after 5 years. Age (r=0.53; p=0.001), degree of AH (r=0.43; p=0.0001), level of office systolic blood pressure (r=0.295; p=0.0090), presence of the mutant C allele polymorphism A1166C of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene - AGTR1 (r=0.387; p=0.0001), blood glucose (r=0.30; p=0.010), waist circumference (r=0.258; p=0.023) were associated with an increase IMT common carotid artery (CCA) in patients with AH. The multiple linear regression analysis identified independent factors influencing on the IMT CCA - age (b=0.62; p=0.01), males (b=0.321; p=0.01) and the mutant C allele carrier polymorphism A1166C of AGTR1 gene (b=0.312; p=0.01). Conclusions. The progression of carotid vascular remodeling risk factors in patients with AH were age, male gender and polymorphism of A1166C gene AGTR1.
Clinical efficacy of pitavastatin
Authors: Aronov D. M , Bubnova M. G
Published: October 2018

In the review article, anti-hyperlipidemic effects of a new synthetic statin, pitavastatin, are compared with similar effects of other statins. Attention is drawn to the ability of the drug to significantly increase the concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (by 19.3%!). A number of important, including previously unknown, pleiotropic effects of the drug are considered.
Predictive value of copeptin in the development of severe heart failure in patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation
Authors: Zhukova A. V , Arabidze G. G
Published: October 2018

The authors present data on the role of new biochemical marker copeptin as the C-end part of the pro-vasopressin, in assessing the risk of severe heart failure in short observation period (30 days) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) without ST-segment elevation the first 3:00 from the manifestation of pain combined with the definition of the levels of troponin T. Materials and methods. Prospective single center study included 128 patients (including 52 persons with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) diagnosis, 58 persons with unstable angina pectoris and 18 people with unconfirmed coronary event) with suspected ACS without ST-segment elevation with risk factors for coronary heart disease, selected according to criteria of inclusion/exclusion, received information on the study and gave their written consent to participate. Within the framework of the study, levels of troponin T and copeptin were determined for every patient at the admission, a diagnostic test of troponin T was repeated in 12-72 hours. During hospitalization, all patients were subjected to medical diagnostic examination, laboratory diagnosis, drug therapy, prescribed by standards of care, including medical history and analysis of the medical records, registration of ECG, echocardiography, quantitative determination of troponin T, assessment of left ventricular failure on a scale Killip and level of copeptin. Results. The level of copeptin during the early 3 hours since the manifestation of pain identified a direct correlation (r=0.76) between the values of the Copeptin upon receipt and the exacerbation of severity of congestive heart failure (HF) Killip classification established in patients with AMI in the period of hospital treatment and 30-day observation period. The level of copeptin during the early 3 hours since the manifestation of pain was 2.99 ng/ml (95% confidence interval - CI 1.89-4.09) for patients with HF class Killip 3 and 5.57 ng/ml (95% CI 5.08-6.06) for patients with HF class Killip 4 respectively. The level of copeptin ≥2.95 ng/ml significantly increase the risk of severe HF in 11 times - relative risk 11.4 (5.64-22.9, p
The relationship between the SYNTAX score and atrial fibrillation in the early postoperative period in patients after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Bazylev V. V , Nemchenko E. V , Slastin Ya. S , Karnakhin V. A , Pavlov A. A
Published: October 2018

The goal is to reveal the relationship between the score SYNTAX score and the development of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF). Materials and methods. Retrospective study included 156 patients (mean age 59±7 years) undergoing an isolated coronary bypass (CB). Exclusion criteria were: AF in the anamnesis, lesions of the valvular heart apparatus, diameter of the left atrium more than 50 mm, repeated surgical interventions on the heart. SYNTAX score, clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters were evaluated. Results. The average score of the SYNTAX score was 26.7; postoperative AF was detected in 23 (14.7%) patients. Statistically significant differences were revealed during the time of mechanical ventilation (10.6±5.9 in comparison with 21.6±33.5, p=0.001) and SYNTAX score (25.7±8.7 vs 32.7±11.4, p=0.001). SYNTAX score and time of artificial ventilation are independent predictors of postoperative AF. Conclusion: a high score SYNTAX score is associated with a more frequent postoperative rhythm disturbance in the type of AF in patients undergoing an isolated CB.
Evaluation of long-term outcomes following acute coronary syndrome in the clinical practice: results of the 5-year follow-up
Authors: Skopets I. S , Vezikova N. N , Barysheva O. Yu , Malafeev A. V , Malygin A. N , Leontyev A. V , Ispravnikova A. A
Published: October 2018

The article presents the results of the 5-years follow-up for the patients who had acute coronary syndrome. The results of the hospital treatment were demonstrated. In addition, the study showed the adherence to the therapy, long-term consequences and clinical outcomes following acute coronary syndrome in the clinical practice in the Republic of Karelia
New tendencies in the treatment of diabetic and cardiovascular diseases: a view of cardiologists
Authors: Bondarenko I. Z , Bubnova M. G
Published: October 2018

The presented review discusses the modern tactics of treating patients with sugar type 2 diabetes The results of a large international placebo-controlled randomized clinical study EMPA-REG OUTCOME using empagliflozin selective inhibitor of sodium-dependent glucose transporter type 2. This drug was the first hypoglycemic drug that proved not only on the safety of cardiovascular effects, but also on the significant positive cardioprotective effect in patients with type 2 diabetes. Presented by indications for its purpose in clinical practice
The economic burden of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in Russian Federation
Authors: Chazova I E , Martynyuk T V , Valieva Z S , Nakonechnikov S N , Nedogoda S V , Salasyuk A S , Taran I N , Gratsianskaya S E
Published: October 2018

Aim. The aim of current study was to estimate the economic burden of the chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in Russia based on patient registry. Materials and methods. Cost of illness study was based on data derived from CTEPH patient registry that was developed at the Division of hypertension of FSBI “National Medical Research Center of Cardiology”. Demographic and clinical patient characteristics were analyzed with descriptive statistic methods. Cost of illness study was performed from the state perspective and with bottom-up approach. Bootstrapping was used for calculation of average costs per patient/year. Within the study direct costs (medical costs: outpatient, inpatient, emergency, PAH-specific therapy, concomitant therapy; non-medical costs: pension due to disability status, payments for patients on sick-leave) and indirect costs (loss in GDP) were estimated. Results. Overall, 113 CTEPH patients (67 women and 46 men) from 33 Russian regions were included, mean age of patients with CTEPH was 54.6±13.95 years. Most of the patients (55%) were in able-bodied age. It was found that about half of patients with diagnosed CTEPH had a disability. Average duration of disease at the time of analysis was 6.88±11.41 years. Period from the first occurrence of symptoms to the confirmation of diagnosis of CTEPH was 2.58±5.21 years on average. More than 70% of patients had III and IV FC (WHO) at the time of diagnosis. Mean number of outpatient visits was 1.97±1.65 per patient/year, and inpatient visits were reported for 59% of patients. About 54% of patients used PAH-specific therapy, moreover 46% patients had interruptions of PAH-specific therapy (58.4±66.3 days). The total costs of CTEPH per patient/year were calculated as 805,901 RUB. The overall burden of CTEPH in Russia for total CTEPH population (470 patients) was 379 million RUB per year. Conclusions. CTEPH is the rare disease that is characterized with later diagnosis due to absence of disease-specific symptoms. Therefore economic burden of the CTEPH is significantly low in comparison to widespread cardiovascular diseases. Development of network of expert PH-centers and increase of the access for PAH-specific therapy will help to increase the quality of health care for patients with CTEPH.
Risk factors for diastolic left ventricular myocardial dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Rudenko T E , Kamyshova E S , Vasilyeva M P , Bobkova I N , Solomakhina N I , Shvetsov M Yu
Published: October 2018

Purpose of the study. To examine the frequency and risk factors for the development of diastolic dysfunction (DD) of the left ventricle (LV) of the heart in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and methods. The study included 225 patients with stage I-CKD of non-diabetic etiology (median age 47.0 years, 50.2% of women). Depending on the degree of decrease in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), all patients were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (n=70) consisted of patients with GFR 89-45 ml / min / 1.73 m2, group 2 (n=120) - patients with GFR 44-15 ml / min / 1.73 m2, group 3 (n=35) - patients with GFR
Peran Pemerintah Dalam Memediasi Pengembangan Cluster Branding Kawasan Ngarsopuro untuk Meningkatkan Ekonomi Kreatif Kota Solo
Authors: Susanti Retno , Suprihatmi Suprihatmi
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini berjudul Peran Pemerintah dalam Memediasi Pengembangan Cluster Branding Kawasan Ngarsopuro untuk Meningkatkan Ekonomi Kreatif Kota Solo. Kawasan Ngarsopuro merupakan satu dari 8 lokasi kawasan creative millineau yang dominan di Kota Solo. Penyediaan  ruang publik terbuka dan gedung-gedung publik selain sebagai leisure juga sebagai tempat transformasi nilai, ide, inovasi, dan kreatifitas. Sampel diambil dari populasi pedagang di Pasar Antik dan Seni Ngarsopuro dan night market Ngarsopuro Solo dengan teknik convenience sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner setelah lolos uji validitas dan relibilitas. Analisis regresi berganda dengan mediasi digunakan untuk membuktikan 4 hipotesis. Hasilnya yaitu: 1. Pengembangan cluster branding Kawasan Ngarsopuro berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peran pemerintah dalam Mengembangkan Kawasan Ngarsopuro,  2. Pengembangan cluster branding Kawasan Ngarsopuro berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Peningkatan Ekonomi Kreatif  Kota Solo,  3. Peran Pemerintah dalam Mengembangkan Kawasan Ngarsopuro berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Peningkatan Ekonomi Kreatif Kota Solo, 4. Peran Pemerintah signifikan Memediasi Pengaruh Pengembangan Cluster Branding Kawasan Ngarsopuro terhadap Peningkatan Ekonomi Kreatif Kota Solo. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan dalam menetapkan kebijakan tentang  pengembangan Cluster Branding Kawasan Ngarsopuro sebagai pengembangan ekonomi kreatif kota Solo.
Avaliação da relação entre as dimensões da órbita e do forame óptico com as dimensões do nervo óptico pela tomografia computadorizada helicoidal
Authors: Nascimento Priscila Alves , Henrique Samira , Hess Neto Artur , Olivieri Bruna Vargas , Rufino Rodrigo De Andrade , Tucunduva Maria José A P S
Published: October 2018

A órbita é uma escavação óssea no crânio, que tem função de apoio e proteção ao bulbo do olho, seus vasos e nervos. Ela é uma pirâmide óssea composta por 7 ossos que compõem quatro paredes: um teto, uma base, parede lateral e medial; são eles o osso esfenoidal, etmoide, maxila, palatino, placa orbital do osso frontal, zigomático e lacrimal. O nervo óptico é composto pelas células ganglionares da retina e comunica o globo ocular ao cérebro. Pode ser dividido em 4 partes que possuem comprimentos diferentes, num total de 50mm, divididos em partes intraocular, intraorbital, intracanalicular e intracraniano. Tanto a órbita quanto o nervo óptico devem estar dentro dos parâmetros anatômicos de normalidade e qualquer alteração nesse padrão é uma possível causa de perda ou diminuição da acuidade visual. Uma dessas possíveis causas da diminuição da acuidade poderia ser uma anormalidade anatômica dos ossos orbitais, causando uma diminuição ou distorção do espaço orbital. Outra hipótese pode ser uma desproporção entre as dimensões do nervo óptico e o forame óptico, causando uma compressão e consequente lesão nervosa, ou até mesmo a existência de uma desproporção entre a cavidade orbital e os diâmetros do nervo óptico. Para compreender a relação entre a perda da acuidade visual e as alterações anatômicas citadas é essencial estabelecer o padrão de normalidade da órbita e do nervo óptico e suas dimensões. Para o tipo de análise proposta, a tomografia computadorizada helicoidal pode fornecer esses padrões de normalidade. Com esse intuito, foram observados 50 exames em cortes axiais representando a cavidade orbital, o canal óptico e o nervo óptico que foram identificados e mensurados pelo programa OsiriX. O comprimento da cavidade da órbita apontou para o lado direito, média de 39,40mm e, lado esquerdo, média de 38,40mm. O comprimento da parte intraorbital do nervo óptico para o olho direito, média 23,90mm e o olho esquerdo, média de 23,60mm. O diâmetro do canal óptico do lado direito alcançou um valor médio de 4,900mm e do lado esquerdo obteve uma média de 4,290mm. Por meio da análise do presente estudo foi possível estabelecer valores numéricos para o padrão de normalidade, permitindo investigações causais posteriores.
Reação liquenoide oral ao amálgama: uma lesão ainda vista
Authors: Palma Victor De Mello , Pinto Tatiana Militz Perrone , Maciel Roberto Marinho , Danesi Cristiane Cademartori , Ferrazzo Kivia Linhares
Published: October 2018

O amálgama dental ainda é amplamente utilizado na prática odontológica, apesar do acordo assinado na Convenção de Minamata, na qual 140 países comprometeram-se a reduzir o uso do mercúrio. O uso desse material restaurador pode desencadear reações liquenoides orais (RLO) cujas lesões apresentam semelhanças clínicas e histológicas com líquen plano oral (LPO), dificultando o diagnóstico. Aqui relatamos o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 72 anos, que foi encaminhada com uma lesão na mucosa bucal esquerda, com 10 meses de evolução e queixa de dor. A lesão era adjacente ao segundo molar inferior esquerdo que tinha uma restauração de amálgama. A paciente não apresentava doença sistêmica ou hábitos deletérios e não estava usando drogas continuamente. O diagnóstico clínico presuntivo foi RLO versus LPO. Sessenta dias após a substituição da restauração do amálgama, observou-se a regressão completa da lesão e o diagnóstico final de RLO foi realizado. A avaliação clínica associada aos resultados obtidos após a substituição do material suspeito pode ser suficiente para estabelecer o diagnóstico, embora em alguns casos seja necessária a avaliação histopatológica.
La existencia del derecho a la defensa en la tramitación de los procedimientos expeditos. “Análisis de casos en el cantón Cañar en el primer trimestre del 2015”
Authors: Arévalo Vásquez Carmen Elizabeth , Arévalo Vásquez Edwin Alfredo
Published: October 2018

Bajo la premisa de una justicia rápida, la política imperante en el ecuador, con la promulgación del COIP, ha implementado formas  alternas al procedimiento ordinario,  dentro de los cuales están el procedimiento directo, el abreviado;  y, el expedito objeto de análisis en el presente artículo;  los dos primeros aplicables para  el caso de los delitos,  mientras que el ultimo es aplicable para las  contravenciones;   que surgen  a decir de sus defensores con la finalidad  de dejar de lado  un sistema de justicia penal defectuoso, lento que no responde a las expectativas de los ciudadanos, con una gran cantidad de causas rezagadas, donde existe un desaprovechamiento de recursos del estado; y, un escaso número de sentencias en comparación las denuncias planteadas.  Sin embargo, de la simple lectura del texto legal y de la praxis jurídica en la Unidad Segunda de Garantías Penales del cantón Cañar. en los tres primeros meses del 2015,  se visualiza que en su  aplicación se  vulnera el derecho a la defensa,  dado que no se concede un tiempo adecuado para la preparación de la defensa del contraventor,  pues no es desconocido por nadie, que en algunos casos, el abogado asume la defensa  instantes antes de la audiencia de juzgamiento;  lo que indudablemente genera indefensión,  constituyendo una clara violación a lo que señala el literal b del numeral 7 del artículo 76 de la Constitución de la Republica que en forma textual dice: Contar con el tiempo y con los medios adecuados para la preparación de su defensa” lo que va en claro desmedro de la defensa derecho humano fundamental que ha sido motivo de lucha a nivel mundial desde inicios mismos de la humanidad. Aseveraciones estas que se constataron con el empleo de una investigación de tipo descriptiva y explicativa.