bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fishing for Solutions: Nomenclature of Cell-Cultivated Fish Products
Authors: Malerich Marlana , Bryant Christopher
Published: July 2021

In recent decades, marine resources have faced extreme environmental pressures due to growing global fish consumption. Both commercial fishing and aquaculture harm the environment, threaten public health, and entail morally dubious practices. While consumers have increasingly become aware of the implications of the global fishing industry, most still want to eat seafood. Recent advancements in food technology have resulted in the successful production of cell-cultivated fish. Grown from real fish cells, cell-cultivated seafood avoids many of the issues associated with conventional fish production. Although cell-cultivated seafood will soon be available to consumers, there is not yet consensus on a ‘common or usual name’, a requirement of the US Food and Drug Administration for novel foods. We present a public discourse analysis, and the results of two online US-based surveys (n=2,452 and n=1,839) analyzing consumer acceptance and understanding of key terms used to describe cultured fish. Adult participants were tested for knowledge and acceptability of multiple descriptive terms: Bio-crafted, Bio-Cultivated, Cell-based, Cultivated, Cultured, Molecular, and the coined term ‘Novari’. The Control was a description of the product coupled with realistic packaging a consumer may expect to find once the product is available for purchase. The discourse analysis indicated that there is no current consensus on terminology used to describe cell-cultivated meat, and that some of the most commonly-used terms currently tend to be used in a negative context. Our Phase I survey revealed that names such as ‘cell-based’ and ‘bio-crafted’ were more likely to be understood, but relatively unappealing, while names such as ‘cultivated’ and ‘Novari’ were more appealing, but less likely to be understood. Our Phase II survey further revealed that the term ‘cell-cultivated’ combined promising elements of these terms, and was subsequently more appealing than ‘cell-based’ and better-understood than both ‘cultivated’ and ‘cell-based’. That said, none of the names tested outperformed the control group in consumer ability to identify the product accurately
Predicting Progression to Severe COVID-19 Using the PAINT Score Based on Natural Killer Cells
Authors: Wang Ming , Wu Dongbo , Liu Chang-Hai , Li Yan , Hu Jianghong , Wang Wei , Jiang Wei , Zhang Qifan , Huang Zhixin , Bai Lang , Tang Hong
Published: July 2021

Objectives: One of the major challenges in treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is predicting the severity of disease. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that respond to viral infection and might relate to COVID-19 disease severity. Therefore, we aimed to develop a new predictive score for progression from mild/moderate to severe COVID-19 based on NK cells information. Method: In total, 239 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 from two medical center in China were retrospectively included. The prognostic effects of variables, including clinical data and laboratory findings from the electronic medical records of each hospital, were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier methods. A prognostic score was developed to predict progression from mild/moderate to severe COVID-19. Results: Among the 239 patients, 216 (90.38%) patients had mild/moderate disease and 23 (9.62%) progressed to severe disease. After adjusting multiple confounding factors, pulmonary disease, age >75, IgM, CD16+/CD56+ NK cells and aspartate aminotransferase were independently predictors of progression to severe COVID-19. Based on these five factors, a new predictive score (the ‘PAINT score’) was established and showed a high predictive value (C-index = 0.91, 0.902 ± 0.021, p<0.001). The PAINT score was validated using nomogram, bootstrap internal validations, calibration curves, decision curves and clinical impact curve, all of which confirmed its high predictive value. Conclusions: The PAINT score for progression from mild/moderate to severe COVID-19 based on NK cell information may be helpful to identify patients at high risk of progression. Trial registration: None
Contributing Roles of Depression, Anxiety, and Impulsivity Dimensions in Eating Behaviors Styles in Patients Suffering From Obesity and Seeking Bariatric Surgery
Authors: BENZEROUK FARID , Guenin Monique , Gierski Fabien , Raucher-Chéné Delphine , Barrière Sarah , Bertin Eric , Kaladjian Arthur
Published: July 2021

Background: Even if bariatric surgery is considered the most effective therapeutic approach, it is not equally successful among individuals suffering from severe obesity and candidates for this weight loss surgery. Among the factors that influence postsurgical outcomes, eating behaviors styles are known to play a key role in relapses. The aim of our study was to assess eating behaviors styles and several modulating psychopathological factors in patients suffering from obesity.Methods: Patients seeking bariatric surgery (N = 127) completed a set of standardized tools assessing eating behaviors (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire), comorbid psychiatric conditions (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview), depression, and anxiety scores (Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), and impulsivity scores (UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale).Results: We detected significant correlations between DEBQ Emotional Eating (EmoE) and depression, state and trait anxiety, and all dimensions of impulsivity. Significant correlations were also present between DEBQ External Eating (ExtE) and depression, state and trait anxiety and UPPS-P positive urgency, lack of perseverance and sensation seeking. Regression analyses identified sex (female), trait anxiety, and lack of perseverance as explanatory factors for EmoE, and depression severity score and positive urgency for ExtE.Conclusions: EmoE might be a means of dealing with negative emotions and/or intrusive thoughts, while ExtE might result from a mechanism associated with depression. These results should help to improve patients’ outcomes by defining specific therapeutic targets in psychological interventions.
WITHDRAWN: Ultrasonography-Guided Corticosteroid Injection Combined with Versus Without Needle Knife Release of A1 Pulley for Trigger Finger
Authors: Wu Yanyan , Chen Kai , He Fanding , Quan Rongjie , Guo Xuanyan
Published: July 2021

Background: Although corticosteroid injection remains a common first-line treatment of trigger finger, but not all cases of trigger finger respond the same. This study aims to compare the clinical effectiveness of ultrasonography-guided corticosteroid injection with and without needle knife release of A1 pulley in treating trigger finger. Methods: 49 patients with trigger fingers (55 fingers, thumb) were included in this study. 28 fingers underwent ultrasonography-guided corticosteroid injection plus needle knife release of A1 pulley (combination group), and 27 fingers underwent only ultrasonography-guided needle knife release of A1 pulley (monotherapy group). Visual analogue scale (VAS), Froimson scale, postoperative recurrence rate, and thickness of A1 pulley in pre-operation and follow-up period were recorded. Results: Higher clinical amelioration and clinical cure rate were observed in combination group at 2 weeks after treatment among patients with Froimson scale Grade III and IV (p<0.05). Among Grade IV patients, combination group had narrower thickness of A1 pulley and better pain relief at 2 weeks postoperatively (all p<0.05). There was no significant difference regarding the values of clinical amelioration rate, clinical cure rate, thickness of the A1 pulley, pain relief and recurrence rate between the two groups at 12 week and 6 months postoperatively (all p>0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasonography-guided corticosteroid injection combined with needle knife release of A1 pulley had superiority in early-stage pain relief and narrowing the thickness of A1 pulley than single needle knife release, but its medium and long-term effects were not obvious.
Comparison of Complication Rates, Fluoroscopy Exposure Time, and Functional Results of Two K-wire Fixation Methods in Distal Radius Fractures in Pediatric Patients: Could Mini-incision Technique Feasible for Orthopedic Surgeons?
Authors: TASATAN ERSIN , TEKIN Ali Cagrı
Published: July 2021

Background: In this study, we aimed to compare the complications rates especially such as neuropraxia, and tendon irritation after percutaneous K-wire fixation and K-wire fixation with mini-open techniques in pediatric distal radius fractures. Secondly, we wanted to observe the differences between the functional results of the patients. Methods: In this retrospective design study, we enrolled 117 patients who were treated between March 2016- January 2019 for completely displaced fracture of the distal radius. One-hundred patients were evaluated in terms of demographic data, radiological and functional evaluations, and complications. In the first group, 50 patients were treated by closed reduction and percutaneous K wire application. In the second group; 50 patients were treated close reduction and K-wire fixation using mini-incision. In the 6th week, following the removal of the splint and pins, the range of motion (ROM) was evaluated. Additional radiographic evaluation was used to confirm remodeling, according to the amount of angulation in the fracture line. Patients were called in for functional and radiological evaluation at the 18th month. Results: There were 36 (72%) boys, 14 (28%) girls in Group 1, and 38 (76%) boys, 12 (24%) girls in Group 2. The mean ages were 11,95±1,34 years and 11,75±1,25 years in Group 1 and 2 respectively. The mean fluoroscopy time was 28,6 ±7,1 seconds in Group 1 while, 15,4±5,3 seconds in Group 2. The fluoroscopy time was significantly low in Group 2 (p=0.002). Re-displacement rates were 10% in K-wire fixation percutaneously and 4% in K-wire with mini-open group respectively and it was significantly lower in mini-open group (p=0.026).Conclusions: The mini-open incision technique had lower complication rates and fluoroscopy durations. Based on the results of this study, K-wire fixation with mini-open technique can be recommended as an alternative method for pediatric distal radius fractures.
Preparation and Properties of Ag-Based Electrical Contact Material Reinforced by Ti3AlC2 Ceramic and its Derivative Ti3C2Tx
Authors: Ding Jianxiang , Zhang Kaige , Zhang Xiao , Ding Kuankuan , Xia Xinxin , Liu Dongming , Ran Songlin , Ma Chengjian , Zheng Wei , Zhang Peigen , Sun Zhengming
Published: July 2021

As a new kind of two-dimensional carbide material, Ti3C2Tx has revealed its exceptional potentials in many applications. Herein, we successfully prepared the Ag/Ti3C2Tx composite by powder metallurgy and investigated its comprehensive properties by compared with Ag/Ti3AlC2 composite. The Ag/Ti3C2Tx was found to possess the 29% lower resistivity(30×10-3 μΩ·m) than Ag/Ti3AlC2(42×10-3 μΩ·m) and excellent machinability with intermediate hardness (64 HV), showing broad application prospect as non-toxic electrical contact materials. The improved conductivity of Ag/Ti3C2Tx composite is attributed to the metallicity of Ti3C2Tx itself, the good interface bonding between the Ti3C2Tx and Ag, and the microstructural features rendered by the deformability of Ti3C2Tx. Although the arc erosion resistance of Ag/Ti3C2Tx needs to be further improved, it is a powerful and potential alternative material for the Ag/CdO in the further.
Spatial and Temporal Evaluation of Satellite Rainfall Estimates Over Vietnam
Authors: Gummadi Sridhar , Dinku Tufa , Shirsath Paresh B. , Kadiyala Dakshina Murthy
Published: July 2021

High-resolution reliable rainfall datasets are vital for agricultural, hydrological, and weather-related applications. The accuracy of satellite estimates has a significant effect on simulation models in particular crop simulation models, which are highly sensitive to rainfall amounts, distribution, and intensity. In this study, we evaluated five widely used operational satellite rainfall estimates: CHIRP, CHIRPS, CPC, CMORPH, and GSMaP. These products are evaluated by comparing with the latest improved Vietnam-gridded rainfall data to determine their suitability for use in impact assessment models. CHIRP/S products are significantly better than CMORPH, CPC, and GsMAP with higher skill, low bias, showing a high correlation coefficient with observed data, and low mean absolute error and root mean square error. The rainfall detection ability of these products shows that CHIRP outperforms the other products with a high probability of detection (POD) scores. The performance of the different rainfall datasets in simulating maize yields across Vietnam shows that VnGP and CHIRP/S were capable of producing good estimates of average maize yields with RMSE ranging from 536 kg/ha (VnGP), 715 kg/ha (CHIRPS), 737 kg/ha (CHIRP), 759 kg/ha (GsMAP), 878 kg/ha (CMORPH) to 949 kg/ha (CPC). We illustrated that there is a potential for use of satellite rainfall estimates to overcome the issues of data scarcity in regions with sparse rain gauges.
Dietary Coleus Amboinicus Herb Decreases Ruminal Methanogenesis and Biohydrogenation, and Improves Meat Quality and Fatty Acid Composition in Longissimus Thoracis of Lambs
Authors: Yanza Yulianri Rizki , Szumacher-Strabel Malgorzata , Lechniak Dorota , Ślusarczyk Sylwester , Kolodziejski Pawel , Patra Amlan Kumar , Váradyová Zora , Lisiak Dariusz , Vazirigohar Mina , Cieslak Adam
Published: July 2021

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of biologically active compounds (BAC) of Coleus amboinicus Lour. (CAL) herb fed to growing lambs on ruminal methane production, ruminal biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids and meat characteristics. An in vitro trial (Experiment 1) comprising of control and three experimental diets (CAL constituting 10%, 15%, and 20% of the total diet) was conducted to determine an effective dose for in vivo experiments. After the in vitro trial, two in vivo experiments were conducted on six growing, rumen-cannulated lambs (Experiment 2) and 16 growing lambs (Experiment 3), which were assigned into the control (CON) and one experimental diet (20% of CAL). Several parameters were examined in vitro (pH, ammonia and VFA concentrations, protozoa, methanogens and select bacteria populations) and in vivo (methane production, digestibility, ruminal microorganism populations, meat quality, fatty acids profiles in rumen fluid and meat, transcript expression of 5 genes in meat). Results: The CAL lowered in vitro methane production by 51%. In the in vivo experiments, lambs fed CAL decreased methane production by 20% compared with the CON animals (Experiment 3), which corresponded to the reduced total methanogens counts in all experiments up to 28%, notably Methanobacteriales. In Experiment 3, CAL increased or tended to increase the numbers of Ruminococcus albus, Megasphaeraelsdenii, Butyrivibrioproteoclasticus, and Butyrivibriofibrisolvens. Dietary CAL suppressed the Holotricha population, but increased or tended to increase Entodiniomorpha population in Experiments 2 and 3. An increase in the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) proportion in the rumen of lambs was noted in response to the CAL diet, which was mainly attributable to the increase in C18:3 cis-9 cis-12 cis-15 (LNA) proportion. The CAL reduced the mRNA expressions of four investigated genes in meat (fatty acid synthase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, lipoprotein lipase, and fatty acid desaturase 1). Conclusions:Summarizing, polyphenols of CAL (20% in diet) origin can mitigate ruminal methane production by inhibiting the methanogens communities. Supplementation of CAL also provides favorable conditions in the rumen by modulating ruminal bacteria involved in fermentation and biohydrogenation of fatty acids. CAL elevated the LNA concentration, which led to improved meat quality through increased deposition of n-3 PUFA.
Detection and Staging of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using a Computed Tomography-based Weakly Supervised Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Sun Jiaxing , Liao Ximing , Yan Yusheng , Zhang Xin , Sun Jian , Tan Weixiong , Liu Baiyun , Wu Jiangfen , Guo Qian , Gao Shaoyong , Li Zhang , Wang Kun , Li Qiang
Published: July 2021

BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains underdiagnosed globally. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has also severely restricted spirometry, the primary tool used for COPD diagnosis and severity evaluation, due to concerns of virus transmission. Computed tomography (CT)-based deep learning (DL) approaches have been suggested as a cost-effective alternative for COPD identification within smokers. The present study aims to develop weakly supervised DL models that utilize CT image data for the automated detection and staging of spirometry-defined COPD among natural population.MethodsA large, highly heterogenous dataset was established comprising 1393 participants recruited from outpatient, inpatient and physical examination center settings of 4 large public hospitals in China. CT scans, spirometry data, demographic data, and clinical information of each participant were collected for the purpose of model development and evaluation. An attention-based multi-instance learning (MIL) model for COPD detection was trained using CT scans from 837 participants and evaluated using a test set comprised of data from 278 non-overlapping participants. External validation of the COPD detection was performed with 620 low-dose CT (LDCT) scans acquired from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) cohort. A multi-channel 3D residual network was further developed to categorize GOLD stages among confirmed COPD patients and evaluated using 5-fold cross validation. Spirometry tests were used to diagnose COPD, with stages defined according to the GOLD criteria.ResultsThe attention-based MIL model used for COPD detection achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.934 on the test set and 0.866 on the LDCT subset acquired from NLST. The model exhibited high generalizability across distinct scanning devices and slice thicknesses, with an AUC above 0.90. The multi-channel 3D residual network was able to correctly grade 76.4% of COPD patients in the test set (423/553) using the GOLD scale, with a Cohen’s weighted Kappa of 0.619 for the assessment of GOLD categorization .ConclusionThe proposed chest CT-DL approach can automatically identify spirometry-defined COPD and categorize patients according to the GOLD scale, with clinically acceptable performance. As such, this approach may be a powerful novel tool for COPD diagnosis and staging at the population level.
Harmonic and non-periodic solutions of velocity-dependent conservative equations
Authors: Régis YEHOSSOU , Damien ADJAI K. K. , Jean AKANDE , Delphin MONSIA Marc
Published: July 2021

We study in this paper a quadratic damping Helmholtz equation presumed to be velocity-dependent conservative nonlinear oscillator. We show that under the usual conditions of existence of particular and exact harmonic solutions, the equation can also exhibit exact and general non-periodic solutions. We show finally the existence of exact and explicit general harmonic and isochronous solutions without requiring that the system Hamiltonian must be identically zero.
Plasma MCP-1 and Changes on Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Sanchez-Sanchez Juan Luis , Giudici Kelly V , Guyonnet Sophie , Julien Delrieu , Yan Li , Bateman Randall J , Parini Angelo , Vellas Bruno , Barreto Philipe de Souto
Published: July 2021

BackgroundMonocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1), a glial-derived chemokine, mediates neuroinflammation and may regulate memory outcomes among older adults. We aimed to explore the associations of plasma MCP-1 levels (alone and in combination with β-amyloid deposition - Aβ42/40) with overall and domain-specific cognitive evolution among older adults.MethodsSecondary analyses including 1,097 subjects (mean age=75.3 years ± 4.4; 63.8% women) from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT). MCP-1 (higher is worse) and Aβ42/40 (lower is worse) were measured in plasma collected at year 1. MCP-1 in continuous and as a dichotomy (values in the highest quartile (MCP-1+)) were used, as well as a dichotomy of Aβ42/40. Outcomes were measured annually over 4 years and included: cognitive composite z-score (CCS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) sum of boxes (overall cognitive function); composite executive function z-score, composite attention z-score, Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT - memory). ResultsPlasma MCP-1 as a continuous variable was associated with the worsening of episodic memory over 4-years of follow up, specifically in measures of free and cued delayed recall. MCP-1+ was associated with worse evolution in the CCS (4-year between-group difference: β=-0.14, 95%CI=-0.26, -0.02) and the CDR sum of boxes (2-year: β=0.19, 95%CI=0.06, 0.32). In domain-specific analyses, MCP-1+ was associated with declines in the FCSRT delayed recall sub-domains. In the presence of low Aβ42/40, MCP-1+ was not associated with greater declines in cognitive functions. The interaction with continuous biomarkers values Aβ42/40 x MCP-1 x time was significant in models with CDR sum of boxes and FCSRT DTR as dependent variables.ConclusionsBaseline plasma MCP-1 levels were associated with longitudinal declines in overall cognitive and episodic memory performance in older adults over a 4-year follow-up. Whether plasma MCP-1 interacts with Aβ42/40 to determine cognitive decline should be clarified by further research. The MCP-1 effect on cognitive decline was strongest in those with amyloid plaques, as measured by blood plasma Aβ42/40.
Precision Medicine: Making It Happen for Malaysia
Authors: A Jamal A Rahman
Published: July 2021

Precision medicine is transforming healthcare worldwide and aims to improve the effectiveness of management of many diseases including cancers, other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and also rare diseases. Precision medicine takes into account the individual patient’s genetic, environment and lifestyle data. Developed nations are already embarking on precision medicine initiatives including the 100,000 Genomes England and the Precision Medicine Initiative in the United States (US). The Academy of Sciences Malaysia, the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Higher Education are working together to put forward a precision medicine initiative for Malaysia. The key drivers that must be put in place include a strong policy agenda, a national large scale genome sequencing project and with it a national genome database, the implementation of the electronic medical record (EMR) system, a payment and reimbursement system to cover for the genetic testing and the targeted treatment, and putting in place an ecosystem that will support precision medicine. Relevant guidelines and Acts will also need to be developed especially with regard to privacy and confidentiality. The future of precision medicine is now and this will certainly bring better outcome and value to the patients.
Filtering Facepiece Respirators for Healthcare Workers Protection in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chee Tao Chang , Rajan Philip , Chee Wai Victor Hoe
Published: July 2021

Protecting healthcare workers (HCWs) who are in the frontline during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic is paramount. The filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) or N95 respirator is one of the personal protective equipment (PPE) used to protect HCWs exposed to airborne pathogens in clinical practice or when performing aerosol generating procedures. The FFRs should be able to serve the intended purpose without causing additional health and safety hazards for the HCWs. The following commentary will provide some basic information on selecting correct FFRs and conducting fitness test.
Comparison of Esmolol and Dexmedetomidine Infusion in Attenuating Haemodynamic and Blood Glucose Response to Laryngoscopy and Intubation: A Single Blinded Study
Authors: Koh Vincent , Ali Saedah , Hassan Mohamad Hasyizan , Mokhtar Ariffin Marzuki , Yaacob Mohd Najib Majdi , Mazlan Mohd Zulfakar
Published: July 2021

Background: This study aims to compare the effect of infusions of two agents, dexmedetomidine and esmolol, with the control group in attenuating the haemodynamic stress response and neuroendocrine modulation surrogated by capillary blood glucose (BG) during the procedures.
Methods: Sixty patients aged 18–70 years old who underwent elective surgeries involving endotracheal intubation were randomised into three groups of equal size: i) control; ii) dexmedetomidine and iii) esmolol. Heart rate (HR) was measured at baseline (T0), after drug administration (T1), after induction of anaesthesia (T2), immediately after intubation (T3), and 3 min, 5 min and 10 min after intubation (T4, T5 and T6). BG was measured pre-operatively and 30 min post-intubation.
Results: Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance showed significant time [within- group changes, F(3.2, 182.5) = 30.39, P < 0.001], treatment [between-group differences regardless of time, F(2, 57) = 50.24, P < 0.001] and interaction [between-group differences based on time, F(6.4, 182.5) = 37.65, P < 0.001] effects on HR. A significantly higher HR was observed in the control group compared to the dexmedetomidine and esmolol groups from T2 to T6. BG exhibited a significant time effect [F(1, 57) = 41.97, P < 0.001] with no significant treatment and interaction effects. All three groups showed a significant increase in BG from baseline.
Conclusion: Both dexmedetomidine and esmolol are equally effective in attenuating haemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation. However, both do not significantly modulate neuroendocrine stress.
Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of HAV and HBV Viruses among Jaundice Patients at Coast General Hospital, Mombasa County, Kenya
Authors: Kasera Gordon Ochieng’ , Maingi John M , Onyango Omondi Kevin , Nyamache Anthony Kebira
Published: July 2021

Background: Hepatitis A and B causes morbidity and mortality among patients. This study determined the proportion of hepatitis A, B viruses (HAV, HBV) and genetic diversity of HBV among jaundice patients at the Coast General Hospital, Mombasa County, Kenya.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 222 patients; recruited and screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HAV IgM. Viral deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from positive samples; partial hepatitis B virus-pol (HBV-pol) gene amplified, directly sequenced and generated sequences phylogenetically analysed using MEGA X software. Demographic characteristics were compared in relation to HBV infection using Chi-square.
Results: Forty-seven (21.2%) out of the 222 patients tested positive for HBV while no HAV was detected. Among those infected, n = 8 (3.6%) were females and n = 39 (17.6%) males. Forty-five samples amplified and sequenced successfully. However, two samples failed to amplify. Phylogenetic analysis revealed HBV A1 genotype [n = 35 (74.5%)] was most predominant. A3, B and C2 genotypes each occurred [n = 1 (0.02%)]. This study revealed co-existence of HBV A3, B and C2 genotypes that have not yet been detected in this region.
Conclusion: HBV A1 genotype remains the predominant genotypes in this region. The detected HBV prevalence indicates possible high transmission with possibility of increasing trends of HBV genotypes based on revelation of existence of new genotypes in this region.
Psychometric Properties of Geriatric Depression Scale (Malay Version) in Elderly with Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Nikmat Azlina Wati , Azhar Zahir Izuan , Shuib Norley , Hashim Nurul Azreen
Published: July 2021

Background: Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) has been widely used in assessing depression in elderly population. Using the Ministry of Health Malaysia definition for elderly, this study aimed to examine the construct validity and reliability of the GDS (Malay version) in elderly with cognitive impairment in Malaysia.
Methods: A cross-sectional validation study involving 219 elderlies with cognitive impairment was conducted using universal sampling method. Participants aged 60 years old and above, scored less than 11 for the short mini mental state examination (SMMSE), have sufficient command of the Malay or English language, residing in the government nursing homes and attending memory clinics in government hospitals in Klang Valley were sampled. The GDS-15 English version underwent adaptation, translation, face validation and field testing to produce the Malay version. Psychometric analysis was performed using the exploratory factor analysis and its internal consistency was examined.
Results: Mean age of participants were 72.61 ± 7.79. Majority were male (50.7%), Malay (50.2%), studied at least until primary school (71.7%) and stayed at nursing homes (50.2%). Construct validity showed significant Bartlett’s test of sphericity (Chi-square = 1,340.058, P < 0.001) and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test of 0.90. Factor loadings for each item in the depression domain were satisfactory ranging from 0.42 to 0.83. Factor loadings for each item in the psychosocial activities’ domain were satisfactory ranging from 0.53 to 0.76. For the questionnaire reliability analysis, the total Cronbach’s alpha for the final model was satisfactory, with and overall Cronbach’s alpha of 0.89. Cronbach’s alpha value for the depression and psychosocial activities domain was 0.861 and 0.80, respectively.
Conclusion: The GDS (Malay version) is a valid and reliable tool to screen for depression in elderly with cognitive impairment.
The low-temperature shift of antigorite dehydration in the presence of sodium chloride: In situ diffraction study up to 3 GPa and 700 °C
Authors: Likhacheva Anna Yu , Rashchenko Sergey V. , Semerikova Anna I. , Romanenko Alexandr V. , Glazyrin Konstantin , Safonov Oleg G.
Published: July 2021

The dehydration of serpentine mineral antigorite, Mg2.8Si2O5(OH)3.6, is regarded as the key step in metamorphic transformation of ultramafic hydrated rocks in subduction zones, which affects seismicity and feeds volcanic activity. The abundance of alkali-chloride brines derived from deep subduction/upper mantle sources implies the possibility of a large control of the H2O activity by the dissolved salts. The present study examines the effect of alkali chlorides, lowering the H2O activity in fluid, on antigorite stability at high pressure. The decomposition of natural antigorite (Ural) in the presence of a halite-saturated NaCl-H2O fluid was studied up to 3 GPa and 700 °C by in situ X-ray diffraction combined with resistively heated diamond-anvil cell. Reference experiments were also performed on salt-free sample. At 1.5–3 GPa in the presence of halite-saturated fluid (XNaCl ≈ 0.15), antigorite decomposes to an intermediate product assemblage of talc+forsterite at about 550 °C, which is ≈150 °C lower compared to salt-free H2O-unsaturated system. Such a low-temperature shift supports the previous models of a broadened P-T area of serpentinite dehydration in the subducting slab. In addition, the present experiments reveal active dissolution of the product Mg silicates, first of all forsterite, in the NaCl-H2O fluid at 600–700 °C/1.5–3 GPa. This implies that dehydrated serpentinites are a potential source of fluids enriched in MgO and SiO2, which play an important role in deep metasomatic processes.
Occurrence of tuite and ahrensite in Zagami and their significance for shock-histories recorded in martian meteorites
Authors: Gu Lixin , Hu Sen , Anand Mahesh , Tang Xu , Ji Jianglong , Zhang Bin , Wang Nian , Lin Yangting
Published: July 2021

We report on the discovery of two high-pressure minerals, tuite and ahrensite, located in two small shock-induced melt pockets (SIMP 1 and 2) in the Zagami martian meteorite, coexisting with granular and acicular stishovite and seifertite. Tuite identified in this study has two formation pathways: decomposition of apatite and transformation of merrillite under high-P-T conditions. Chlorine-bearing products, presumably derived from the decomposition of apatite, are concentrated along the grain boundaries of tuite grains. Nanocrystalline ahrensite in the pyroxene clast in SIMP 2 is likely to be a decomposition product of pigeonite under high-P-T conditions by a solid-state transformation mechanism. The pressure and temperature conditions estimated from the high-pressure minerals in the shock-induced melt pockets are ~12–22 GPa and ~1100–1500 °C, respectively, although previous estimates of peak shock pressure are higher. This discrepancy probably represents the shift of kinetic relative to thermodynamic phase boundaries, in particular the comparatively small region that we examine here, rather than a principal disagreement between the peak shock conditions.
Penerapan Biophilic Design pada Bangunan Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak Kota Bekasi
Authors: Shafiyya Maharani Hanna , Dewi Pancawati
Published: July 2021

Title: Application of Biophilic Design in Regional Technical Implementation Unit for the Protection of Women and Children of Bekasi City
 
Based on data from the National Commission for Women and Children in 2019, Bekasi City occupies the second position in the number of cases of violence against women and children after Jakarta. The response that has been done by the Bekasi City Government is to establish the Regional Technical Implementation Unit for the Protection of Women and Children (UPTD PPA) which provides services and psychological recovery for victims. Regarding psychological recovery, researchers agreed that nature plays a major role in the human psychological recovery process. So the design concept of this building is restoration through nature by incorporating natural features in the form of green space into the building. In designing the method applied is through the Biophilic Design approach with 14 Patterns of Biophilic Design as a guide in designing. The results of the research are the application of biophilic design patterns to the landscape, exterior, and interior buildings.
Desarrollo Sostenible a través de Instagram. Estudio de propuestas de futuros docentes de primaria
Authors: Robles Moral Francisco Javier , Fernández Díaz Manuel , Ayuso Fernández Gabriel Enrique
Published: July 2021

La necesidad del desarrollo sostenible trasciende de las preocupaciones de la comunidad científica hacia la sociedad. Por otra parte, el uso masivo de las redes sociales es una característica de nuestro tiempo. Por ello, este trabajo se marcó como objetivo, emplear una red ampliamente utilizada, Instagram, para generar y compartir conocimiento relacionado con la sostenibilidad. Como método de trabajo se propuso la realización de una actividad didáctica sobre sostenibilidad por parte de los futuros docentes. La recogida de información fue a través de cuestionarios, previo y final, así como los trabajos realizados por los estudiantes. Los participantes fueron estudiantes de la asignatura Talleres de la Naturaleza del Grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Murcia. Los estudiantes conocen sobradamente las redes sociales, aunque inicialmente no su uso educativo. Percepción que cambia al tener que realizar propuestas con Instagram y valorar finalmente la amplia difusión entre el alumnado y el potencial del uso de la imagen por esta red. Además, Instagram dado su carácter visual, intuitivo y sencillo es un recurso innovador para la educación y los docentes deben explorar todas las posibilidades de los medios y recursos a su alcance.
Competencias Digitales Docentes desarrolladas por el alumnado del Grado en Educación Infantil: presencialidad vs virtualidad
Authors: Romero Tena Rosalía , LLorente Cejudo Carmen , Palacios Rodríguez Antonio
Published: July 2021

Las competencias digitales docentes (CDD) en estos momentos de excepcionalidad se han configurado como un elemento de vital importancia desde el ámbito educativo, en cualquiera de sus niveles educativos. Diferentes estudios demuestran que los estudiantes no poseen las destrezas digitales necesarias para la adquisición de su propia formación. El objetivo del estudio es conocer el desarrollo de la competencia digital docente en alumnos del Grado de Infantil durante los cursos 19-20 y 20-21, considerando como variable la presencialidad vs virtuliadad en su capacitación. El instrumento utilizado fue DigCompEdu, administrando prestest y postest a ambos grupos. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas (99%) en todas las dimensiones analizadas, así como de forma global; confirmar que existe un incremento del nivel competencial tras recibir formación específica en tecnologías. Además, los resultados obtenidos por el grupo B (virtual) son más bajos que los obtenidos por el grupo A (presencial). Se aboga por planes de formación a través de modelos globales como el TPACK o la adaptación “TPeCS”, así como la necesidad de aprovechar los marcos de competencias digitales docentes establecidos por diferentes países.
The Position of Naqshabandi Order in The Islamic Law by Shaykh Islam Wan Sulaiman Wan Sidek (D.1354h/1935m)
Authors: Mahyuddin M Khairi
Published: July 2021

Sufi Order in the Malay World at 19thcentury is misunderstood as deviant teaching from Islam by some of Malay Muslim society.  Reflecting on this, Wan Sulaiman bin Wan Sidek, a shaykh Islam and Malay Sufi scholar at 19th, he played a crucial role in clarifying this issue properly in his Malay Jawi script epistles, namely Fakihah Janiyyah fi Bayan Ma’rifah al-Ilahiyyah al-Mutabaqah Li’ayan al-Shari’ah al-‘Aliyyah and Mizan al-‘uqala wa al-Udaba’. However, some studies from contemporary Malay contested his Sufi's thought, particularly Naqshabandi Order’s position in Islamic law. This study aims to expose Wan Sulaiman’s understanding and justification in Sufis Order, specifically Naqshabandi Order in shariah. This study is a historical and textual analytical study. The finding of this study indicates that Wan Sulaiman’s idea is clear and has strong argumentation from the authentic Sufi sources that show the Sufi Order is legal and has a good position and core teaching in Islamic law.
From Hard Rock to Hadrah: Music and Youth Sufism in Contemporary Indonesia
Authors: Jamil M Mukhsin
Published: July 2021

Many studies on Islam in Indonesia usually focus on Islamic movements from social, economic, or political perspective. One missing viewpoint that does not get much attention or even completely ignored is the spiritual life of the Muslim youths. This study would examine and analyze the growth of the Syeikhermania and their attachment to Hadrah music of Majelis Shalawat Ahbab al-Musthofa led by Habib Syeikh Abdul Qadir Assegaf, an Arabic-descent Muslim preacher. Unlike Muslim youth organizations that are enthusiastically active in political movements that tend to be radical, Syeikhermania plays a role in creating harmony and tolerance. They transform spiritually from Hard Rock to Hadrah music. Therefore, this study disclosed the participation of the Muslim youths in the Majelis Shalawat Ahbab al-Musthofa which is motivated by the need for spiritual protection and expressing their identity as Muslim youths in contrast to the liberal and secular cultures on the one hand and fundamentalist and radicalist groups on the other hand.
Design of a high-payload Mecanum-wheel ground vehicle (MWGV)
Authors: Chen Zi-Yin , Liaw Pei-Ren , Nguyen Vu Linh , Lin Po Ting
Published: July 2021

With the rapid developments of Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing, customized manufacturing has been becoming greatly needed. Meanwhile, the challenge of production automation has become more bigger, especially for the automation of moving, picking, placing and manipulating objects. Many researchers have begun to work on Autonomous Ground Vehicles (AGVs). Most AGVs were utilized to carry middle or small objects, as the high-payload AGVs were rarely developed. This paper focused on the design of a High-Payload Mecanum-Wheel Ground Vehicle (MWGV), which was 1.7 m wide and 2.04 m long. The weight of the vehicle was 740 kg and it was able to carry the payload as its own weight (i.e. around 7,300 N). The safety factor of the structural strength was greater than 1.66 and the safety factor of the axial design was at least 6.24. The vehicle was designed to carry 150-kg weight with a reach of 1.375 m without falling. The design of Mecanum wheels provided great flexibility on movement with small rotational radius. Mathematical descriptions about how Mecanum wheels were controlled was also introduced in this paper. Furthermore, the mechatronics and software integrations were demonstrated. The final experimental results showed the developed MWGV was able to perform the desired movement properly.
New solar still with energy storage: application to the desalination of groundwater in the Bou-Ismail region
Authors: Tigrine Z. , Aburideh H. , Chekired F. , Belhout D. , Tassalit D.
Published: July 2021

This study aims to develop efficient desalination equipment that increases the distilled water production rate and enhances heat transfer in the evaporator. It focuses on the impact of equipment geometry and energy storage during the daytime and nocturnal period. In addition, the effects of the energy storage system, which is placed in two specific areas on the yield of the distillation process with and without energy storage, have been studied. The heat exchanger system provides the energy to the water to be treated in the daytime, while the concrete part provides the energy storage in the desalination evaporator at night time. The experimental test results showed that the increase of distilled water through the heating system is very important in comparison to the productivity of the conventional solar still. The obtained results indicate that the use of energy storage increases productivity by 50% in the nocturnal period. Indeed, the daily productivity of the concrete solar still, strongly affected by the heat transfer produced via concrete to the water evaporator, is presented in this study. It was found that the average daily distillate output of concrete solar still with energy storage is more significant than that of a solar still without energy storage.
Optimization of operational parameters for the treatment of roof-harvested rainwater with biologically synthesised nanosilver coated on sand
Authors: Anoob Farhana , Meera V.
Published: July 2021

Rainwater is a major source of drinking water in developing countries. Roof-harvested rainwater is generally microbiologically contaminated and thus needs to be treated effectively to meet drinking standards. Filtration of rainwater with sand coated by silver nanoparticles enhances the microbial removal efficiency. In this study, the filtration parameters of treating rainwater with biologically synthesized nanosilver coated sand are optimized. Of the various synthesis methods, the biological method was chosen due to benefits such as cost-effectiveness and its eco-friendly nature. Silver nanoparticles were synthesised using papaya fruit extract and then coated on sand. The synthesized nanosilver coated sand was subjected to characterization methods such as energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. With silver coated sand as control, multiple long duration tests were performed to treat rainwater with nanosilver coated sand to find the optimal values for filtration parameters such as filter bed depth and empty bed contact time (EBCT). The crystallite size of the nanosilver coated sand was found to be 43.8 nm. The optimal values for filter bed depth and EBCT were found to be 12 cm and 15 minutes respectively. The rainwater treated with nanosilver coated sand met drinking water standard IS 10500: 2012 until the media got exhausted.
Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation degradation of magenta wastewater and preparation of FeOCl/montmorillonite
Authors: Hun Tiancheng , Zhao Binxia , Zhu Tingting , Liu Linxue , Li Zhiliang , Sun Li
Published: July 2021

The iron oxychloride/pillared montmorillonite (FeOCl/MMT) catalyst was prepared by wet impregnation method and solid melting method. Various characterization techniques were used to analyze the microscopic morphology and structure of a series of catalysts. Moreover, the catalysts were used to treat magenta-simulated dye wastewater through catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) degradation. The magenta removal rate and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of the magenta-simulated dye wastewater were used to evaluate the catalytic performance of the catalyst, and the optimal catalyst preparation conditions were selected. The results showed that the solid melting method was more favorable to the preparation of the catalyst, and the COD removal rate of wastewater can reach 70.8% when the FeOCl load was 3%. Moreover, 96.2% of the magenta in the solution was removed. The COD removal rate of the magenta wastewater decreased by only 12.4% after the catalyst was repeatedly used six times, indicating that the catalyst has good activity and stability. The Fermi equation can simulate the reaction process of the catalyst treating magenta wastewater at high temperature.
Influence of wavelength photoperiods and N/P ratio on wastewater treatment with microalgae–bacteria
Authors: Arcila Juan S. , Céspedes Daniela , Buitrón Germán
Published: July 2021

This research investigates the effect of mixing wavelength light photoperiods (12 h blue, 8 h blue: 4 h green, 4 h blue: 8 h green, and 12 h green) and N/P ratios (1.3 to 8.3) on the growth microalgae–bacteria systems, organic matter, and nutrient removals. The highest microalgae–bacteria growth performance (μ = 0.2 d−1, 481.1 ± 15.3 mg DW L−1) was observed when a 8 h blue: 4 h green mixed wavelength and a low N/P ratio were used. For both N/P ratios, biomass productivity was favored when using the blue light dominated at longer time periods. Mechanisms for nitrogen removal by assimilation depend on the N/P ratio, achieving assimilation between 49 and 65% at a low N/P ratio. High nitrogen removal (>50%) showed a strong relation with alkalinity culture conditions (pH > 8.5). The mixing of wavelength photoperiods seems to be a promising strategy to achieve high biomass productivity and nutrient removal. However, for optimal conditions, N/P ratios in the wastewater should be considered.
Ensino superior: entre docências e violências
Authors: Santos Mônica Pereira dos , Melo Sandra Cordeiro de , Santiago Mylene Cristina
Published: July 2021

Com base em dados da Comissão de Direitos Humanos e Combate às Violências e da Diretoria de Acessibilidade da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro e nos dados da Diretoria de Ações Afirmativas e Diretoria de Imagem Institucional da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, este artigo tem por objetivo analisar e discutir as violências nas relações entre professores e alunos na perspectiva omnilética (SANTOS, 2013). Partimos de uma revisão de literatura sobre o tema geral da violência em sala de aula no ensino superior e, na sequência, por meio da metodologia de estudo de caso (YIN, 2010), analisamos duas ocorrências nos anos de 2015 e 2017 na UFRJ e na UFJF, respectivamente. Os resultados apontam para a urgência da promoção de propostas balizadoras de culturas, práticas e políticas institucionais de combate às violências nas instituições investigadas.