bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review on the Rehabilitation System for Drug Offenders in Iceland
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Gong Jung Sik , Choi Joo Hee
Published: June 2022

In Korea, the importance of the ideology of supporting and managing the concept of treatment rather than criminal punishment for drug offenders is recognized, and drug offenders are treated in the same way as treatment protection and treatment order systems. However, the incidence and recidivism rate of drug crimes are on the rise, which shows that probability there are problems with the treatment of drug offenders in Korea, so improvement is necessary. Therefore, in order to discuss improvement measures, the case of Iceland, an advanced country in drug offenders correctional welfare, was studied and compared with domestic cases.
In the case of Iceland, policies are being implemented to provide rehabilitation protection services under the concept of the general welfare to released drug offenders and to recommend and encourage cooperation from community agencies. Based on the government’s interest and support for rehabilitation support, released prisoner, released prisoners who have an addiction and mental illness problems can be provided with systematic, professional, and continuous treatment and protection measures. However, in Korea, there were many problems in the released drug offender support system, including lack of budget, lack of professionals, absence of phased and systematic treatment programs, and absence of follow-up management.
To solve the problem, this study suggested the need to provide general correctional welfare services to drug offenders, centering on the Korea Rehabilitation Agency(‘Gongdan’), the central organization for preventing recidivism in society. With the Korea Rehabilitation Agency at the center, it is expected to effectively curb social problems and criminal damage caused by drug abuse by promoting the rehabilitation service for released prisoners and released drug offenders, providing released criminal follow-up management, and establishing a linkage system with the community welfare service providers.
A study on the scope of the safety and health management system at construction sites to respond to the Severe Disaster Punishment Act
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Jung Sang Youn , Kim Seung Ho
Published: June 2022

A serious accident refers to an industrial accident in which the severity of the accident, such as death, is severe, or in which a large number of injured persons occur. According to the Occupational Safety and Health Act, a serious accident is defined as an accident in which one or more fatalities, two or more injured persons requiring treatment for 3 months or longer, or ten or more injured or occupational diseases occur simultaneously. The reason that the law distinguishes major disasters from general disasters and stipulates separate treatment procedures is to prevent recurrence of such disasters in the future in consideration of the severity of the damage. It should be understood that the Major Accident Punishment Act, which recently strengthened the responsibility of business owners and business managers for the occurrence of serious accidents, is for the prevention and recurrence of serious accidents rather than punishment for those responsible.
As the Serious Accident Punishment Act came into effect on January 27, 2022, business owners and managers of businesses or workplaces that are actually controlled, operated, and managed have the duty to secure safety and health for workers. Here, the obligation to secure safety and health means to prevent serious industrial accidents by strengthening safety and health measures through the establishment of a safety and health management system. However, in the Serious Disaster Punishment Act, the specific scope and action plan for each project for the establishment of a safety and health management system are not presented, so preparations for and response to the enforcement of the law are insufficient.
Therefore, the establishment of a safety and health management system (hereinafter referred to as the “safety and health management system”) at the workplace where a serious accident occurs is the key, and how to effectively and specifically establish and operate it is an important factor. However, in order to establish an effective and specific safety and health management system through the Serious Disaster Punishment Act and related instructions, it is difficult to respond to the law because the scope and direction of the safety and health management system are insufficient.
In this study, for one month from November 18th to December 17th, 2021, 7 construction sites were inspected through three institutions: a health and safety diagnosis institution (Article 48 of the Industrial Safety and Health Act) and a construction accident prevention expert guidance institution. For a total of 12 sites including 5 civil engineering sites, 13 items were checked on the fulfillment of obligations in accordance with safety and health laws Therefore, this study draws on the scope of the safety and health management system at construction sites required by the Serious Disaster Punishment Act and the direction of effective system construction.
A Study on the Status and Effectiveness of Safety and Health Education for Office Workers
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Choi Seo Yeon , Na Min Oh , Kim Young Sik , Jeong Won Il
Published: June 2022

The current Occupational Safety and Health Act does not apply the regular safety and health education provisions of Article 32 of the Act to businesses that employ only office workers. However, it is stipulated that regular safety and health education of at least 3 hours per quarter is required for office workers working in the field. However, office workers are also at risk of being exposed to long hours of work, emotional labor, and musculoskeletal disorders, and it seems that there is no small need for safety and health education. Therefore, this study was conducted to classify office workers into general office workers and field office workers, to understand the actual situation of safety and health education, and to verify the necessity and economic effect of safety and health education and use it as evidence for expanding the subject of education. In this study, first, in order to understand the status of safety and health education of office workers, a survey was conducted on 123 office workers and statistical analysis was performed using frequency analysis and multiple response analysis. Second, to confirm the effect of safety and health education, using the 2018 workplace safety and health survey and the 2019 industrial accident statistics accident rate, we quantified the effect of education for office workers on the occurrence of industrial accidents and estimated the benefits of the effect of reducing industrial accidents. As a result of the study, it was found that general office workers' accident experience and awareness of accidents and diseases were higher than those of on-site office workers, and the subjects of safety and health education were supervisors and safety and health managers, and education was mainly provided by internal employees. The awareness of the effectiveness of regular safety and health education was high at 89.4%, and the need for flexible operation of training hours and an increase in the number of training sessions to vitalize regular safety and health education was found to be high. In particular, there was a high awareness that it was necessary to expand ‘outsourced education support’ for revitalization of education in small businesses and to manage ‘confirmation of safety and health education’ in order to establish regular safety and health education. Compared to workplaces that do not provide training, the effect of preventing industrial accidents is higher, and thus it is expected to contribute to the reduction of accidents and labor loss. Through this study, it was possible to confirm the perception that safety and health education is necessary for general office workers in addition to the field, and it was identified that flexible operation of education suitable for the characteristics of the workplace and management of workplace implementation were necessary.
A Study of Jordanian Proverbs Related to the Parts of the Body
Authors: Khalifeh Abeer , Rababah Luqman
Published: June 2022

The present study focuses on studying body-related proverbs in Jordan. The study uses a descriptive research design to examine the organization and construction of 45 Jordanian proverbs about bodily parts in order to come up with a set of conclusions. First, Jordanian proverbs and idioms about humans’ bodily parts are divided into five categories: (i) Proverbs/ idioms concerning relative relationships and marriage advice, (ii) Proverbs/ idioms concerning friendships and strangers (iii) Proverbs/idioms expressing a person's traits, (iv) Imparting guidance, and satisfaction with life (v) Proverbs/ idioms related to body organs associated with food.
Carvalho, Margarida Maria; Silva, Glaydson José; Silva, Maria Aparecida Oliveira (organizadores) A ideia de história na antiguidade tardia
Authors: Mauro Giovanna , Silva Filipe Noé da
Published: June 2022

Por ser tributária do presente e estar sujeita às características de seu próprio tempo, a História carrega consigo anseios e projetos sociais de futuro (Fontana, 1982). Como destacou Reinhart Koselleck (2006, p.306), as narrativas históricas estão situadas entre os espaços de experiências do passado e o horizonte de expectativas sobre o futuro.
Haitianos na Amazônia
Authors: Mamed Letícia Helena
Published: June 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma síntese de pesquisa empírica realizada no Estado do Acre, a principal porta de entrada de imigrantes haitianos no Brasil. Em 2010, eles partiram do contexto social haitiano de profunda crise, conduzidos por redes de contrabando de migrantes, e configuraram um fluxo constante na região, com estimativa do ingresso de mais de 37 mil até dezembro de 2015. No Acre, eram recebidos em um acampamento mantido pelo poder público, cuja estrutura de serviços assegurava a regularização e a preparação deles como força de trabalho apta a seguir viagem e ingressar de modo particularmente precarizado no mercado laboral brasileiro.
Una aproximación a la estructura de clase del "campesinado" santiagueño
Authors: Desalvo Agustina
Published: June 2022

Los investigadores que se dedican al estudio den la población rural de Santiago del Estero recurren a la noción de campesino. La utilización de este concepto nos remite a un viejo debate entre campesinistas y descampesinistas. A partir del estudio concreto de un conjunto de familias rurales del departamento de Figueroa, en este artículo problematizo la noción de campesinado y sostengo que dicho concepto resulta inadecuado para comprender la naturaleza social de esas familias. Entiendo que las categorías "obrero con tierras", "semi-proletario" y "pequeña burguesía" permiten aproximarse con mayor precisión al ser social de las familias consideradas.
Trabalho e gênero
Authors: Reis Tainá
Published: June 2022

O corte de cana-de-açúcar exige um grande dispêndio de energia, não só do corpo, mas também do ser social. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar algumas repercussões da articulação entre trabalho e gênero no corte de cana, tendo o adoecimento físico e psíquico como consequência. A pesquisa foi realizada em Araçuaí/MG, local que contou com intenso fluxo migratório para os canaviais paulistas. O cortador de cana adoecido vê em seu adoecimento o desmantelamento daquilo que era alicerce em sua vida social, e suas relações familiares são reorganizadas. Percebe-se uma adaptação do corpo à condição de classe e de gênero.
Significados e rituais em torno da participação política no conselho municipal de desenvolvimento rural sustentável de Viçosa/MG
Authors: Machado Beatriz Ribeiro , Silva Douglas Mansur da
Published: June 2022

Este artigo analisa os significados da participação política a partir da perspectiva dos representantes do Conselho Municipal de Desenvolvimento Rural de Viçosa/MG. Ao considerar que muitos dos representantes, até integrarem o conselho,nunca haviam vivenciado um contato com a política participativa formal,tampouco com as normas e rituais que esses espaços possuem, objetivamos compreender as percepções acerca da participação política no decorrer desse processo. Para tanto, realizamos observação participante, análise de atas e acompanhamento das trajetórias desses atores nesse ambiente deliberativo e burocrático, no decorrer do exercício de seus mandatos (dois anos).
Amazônia e Bengala Ocidental
Authors: Ferreira Aldenor da Silva , Bergamasco Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereira
Published: June 2022

Este texto analisa as singularidades e especificidades da Amazônia e de Bengala Ocidental. Essas regiões possuem rica biossociodiversidade e são estratégicas para o desenvolvimento econômico e ambiental de Brasil e Índia. Nesse sentido, o aumento de intercâmbio entre elas é fundamental para o estabelecimento de fluxos comerciais e culturais alternativos aos dos países centrais, a partir da construção de um diálogo do Sul com o Sul. Por meio de pesquisa de campo, documental e bibliográfica, realizada nos estados do Amazonas, do Pará e de Bengala Ocidental, o objetivo deste artigo é contribuir com novos conhecimentos que auxiliem esse diálogo.
Ser mãe duas vezes
Authors: Micaelo Ana Luísa
Published: June 2022

A vivência de uma intensa mobilidade caracteriza as relações familiares daqueles que vivem actualmente nos assentamentos rurais da Zona da Mata pernambucana. Adoptando uma abrangência temporal que tem em conta a territorialidade das trajetórias laborais e diferentes fases do ciclo de vida destas pessoas, argumento que a possibilidade de vir a ser mãe pode ser prolongada além do período fértil de uma mulher, designadamente, quando recebe em casa crianças que poderão vir a tornar-se seus "filhos de criação". Esta processualidade enquadra-se o debate em torno da filiação, parentalidade e conjugalidade, trazendo um novo entendimento sobre a reprodução intergeracional e as continuidades identitárias que dela decorrem.
一位罹患肺腺癌的末期腎病變病人首次接受血液透析之護理經驗
Authors: 王宥勻 王宥勻 , Yu-Yun Wang 楊美英 , Mei-Yin Yang 曾芃廩
Published: June 2022

本文為一位罹患肺腺癌的末期腎病變病人，面臨雙重重大疾病治療的壓力下，接受初次化學及血液透析治療的護理經驗。護理期間於2018年7月31日至9月30日，運用Gordon十一項健康功能型態為評估工具，透過直接照護及觀察等方式蒐集資料，確認病人有體液容積過量、營養失衡及無望感等健康問題，透過回覆示教及教導病人水分控制技巧，改善因體液容積過量所致呼吸喘的症狀；經偕同營養師制定飲食治療計劃，改善因化學治療副作用導致的營養失衡；藉由跨團隊照護、家人及病友支持，成功地使病人適時表達因雙重重大疾病所產生的經濟壓力困境與對未來生活價值的無望感。冀望將此照護經驗分享，讓同性質病人能坦然面對生命逆境，順利進入化學及血液透析治療，早日回歸職場。

 

This article was about a patient with end-stage renal disease and lung adenocarcinoma and then she received nursing experience of initial chemical and hemodialysis . The author cared for such a patient from July 31, 2018 to september 30, 2018, Using Gordon’s 11 functional appraisals and both observation and discussion, the following patient’s care issues were identified ,including fluid overload , malnutrition, hopelessness .With these,we can teach the patient skills to control water,and improve the symptoms of asthma caused by fluid overload.Also,we can formulate a diet therapy plan with a dietitian to improve the nutritional imbalance caused by the side effects of chemotherapy. With cross-team care, family and patient support,we can successfully make the patient talk about their difficulties cause by double major diseases in a timely manner,and hopeless economical pressure . I hope to share this care experience and recommend it to the case care seminars of related units.With this, patients of the same nature can face life’s adversity calmly and smoothly.Then,patients will be willing to choose the chemical and hemodialysis treatments, and return to the workplace as soon as possible.

 
日本公私協力理論與實務Ⅱ
Authors: 林淑馨 林淑馨
Published: June 2022

環境變動之速，讓政府在有限的資源下，要有效因應民眾對於生活品質與公共服務的要求變得更為棘手，政府欲最大化社會資源合理分配，公私協力為其中重要的參數之一。本合輯集結作者對日本公共治理的長期研究，深入剖析日本於民營化與公私協力的實際作為，期能作為國內研究與制定相關政策之參考。
Cho Ramasamy’s Cāttiram Coṉṉatilai (The Scriptures Don’t Say So)
Authors: Rudisill Kristen
Published: June 2022

Brahmin playwright Cho Ramasamy (1934–2016) is one of Tamilnadu’s most important contemporary playwrights and thinkers. His 1979 Tamil play The Scriptures Don’t Say So (Cāttiram Coṉṉatilai) suggests that caste is located in natural qualities and merit rather than heredity by comically demonstrating the difference between abstract promotion of progressive ideas of intercaste marriage and the actual implementation of those philosophies in one’s own family. Many of the jokes and arguments for and against intercaste or caste/out-caste marriage are based in religious texts and stories, providing a Brahmin perspective on this contentious issue. The play, surprisingly, was not controversial, and I argue that this is because, even though it raises questions about the nature and validity of Brahmin-ness, it is structured such that its resolution does not read as a call for reform of the current system. Following the introduction, I provide an original translation of an abridged version of the play, the first ever published.
Frequency of Causative Factors and Microbial Etiology of the Keratitis
Authors: Khan Nisar Ahmed , Das Narain , Shams Asma , Ashraf Humaira , Memon Riaz Ahmed , Shaikh Abdul Haq
Published: June 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of the causative factors and most common organisms of keratitis. Materials and methods: This descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted at the Ophthalmology department of Indus Medical College Tando Muhammad Khan. The study included both male and female patients diagnosed with microbial keratitis between the ages of 17 and 60 years. Slit lamp bio microscopy of the anterior segment was performed on all patients, and the corneal epithelial defect was quantified in millimeters using the slit lamp. Corneal scrapings were collected from the base of ulcer using a bent tip 26-gauge hypodermic needle under topical anaesthetic (Alcain), and the sample was immediately studied under an electron microscope, confirming the diagnosis of bacterial keratitis. Patients were then hospitalized, and at the conclusion of therapy, their healing was examined. The research proforma was used to gather all the data, and SPSS version 26 was applied for data analysis. Results: A total of 70 cases diagnosed with microbial keratitis were studied with an average age was 38.22+7.81 years and males were in majority 65.7%. A majority of the patients 55.7% were poor socioeconomically, followed by 32.9% had middle socioeconomic status and only 11.4% were rich socioeconomically. Contact lens and trauma were commonest factors as 28.6% and 24.3% respectively, followed by a history of steroid 11.4%, past ocular previous surgery 11.4%, ocular surface illness 14.3% cases, and others10.0%. Bacterial and fungus keratitis were commonest 55.7% and 27.1% respectively, followed by 12.9% viral keratitis, mixed microbial keratitis was 2.9% and only one case had Acanthamoeba keratitis. Conclusion: This study concludes that rural areas’ poor young males were highly affected by the microbial keratitis. Trauma and unhygienic lens wear were observed to be the prevalent causative factors, with highly prevalent bacterial and fungal microbial etiology. Keywords: factors, prevalence, microbes, keratitis
New-Onset Diabetes after Transplantation (NODAT) in Renal Transplant Recipients, A Retrospective Single Centre Study
Authors: Manzoor Adil , Basit Muhammad Bilal , Tanveer Anam , Bhatti Sheharbano
Published: June 2022

Objective: New onset diabetes after transplant (NODAT) is a known post-transplant complication contributing to morbidity and mortality. This study was aimed to find out the frequency of NODAT in kidney disease patients after one year. Methods and subjects: The study was conducted retrospectively on 275 Asian patients who underwent kidney transplant. The demographic and clinical data was evaluated at the time, as well as 3, 6, and 12 months after kidney transplant. The etiology of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or comorbidities was also documented. Every patient received a combination of Tacrolimus (Tac), Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF), and Prednisone (Pred) as post-transplant immunosuppression. Patients who developed NODAT were compared with those who did not. RESULTS: One year after the transplantation, the incidence of NODAT was 4.3 percent. Patients diagnosed with NODAT were older (p = 0.001) and had renal failure owing to Chronic glomerulonephritis with hypertension (p = 0.001), according to the results of the univariate analysis. The NODAT group had significantly greater rates of high blood pressure after transplantation (p = 0.01), heart failure (p = 0.02), and dyslipidemia (p = 0.001) than the other groups. Through the use of logistic regression, it was shown that high blood pressure after transplant, and dyslipidemia are all independently linked with NODAT. Conclusion: Asian patients who had high blood pressure and dyslipidemia had a higher incidence of NODAT compared to those who did not have. Keywords: kidney transplantation, prevalence, new-onset diabetes after trasplant
Role of Computed Tomography in Diagnosis and Assessment of Disease Severity in Covid 19; Trends in Pakistan
Authors: Asghar Rizwan , Akhter Tayyiba , Shahid Khubaib , Chaudhary Namra , Khan Imran , Amjad Sohaib
Published: June 2022

Objective: To observe and compare relationship of High Resolution Computed Tomography severity score with presenting symptoms of COVID-19 positive patients in mild, moderate and severe disease and to analyze the trends of morbidity and mortality in Pakistan. Study Design: Retrospective Observational study Subjects and Methods: All OPD and admitted adult male and female patients serially presented to Fatima Memorial and Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore with positive COVID PCR test or clinical symptoms were included in the study. These patients were classified in three groups; Group I: Mild disease, i.e. symptomatic patients who didn’t need hospital admission or oxygen support. Group II: Moderate disease, i.e. patients having oxygen saturation more than 90% & needing oxygen support at times, and Group III: severe disease, i.e. patients needing hospital admission or ventilator support and having oxygen saturation less than 90%. High resolution chest CT scan was the approach in all cases. CT severity score was used to assess the severity of lung parenchymal involvement by COVID-19 on all the HRCT. Data collected was entered and analysis made using SPSS v 25. Results: Total number of patients were 200(100%) with age ranging from 14-85 years and mean age was 49.5+ 5 years, out of which 135(67%) were males and 65(32%) were females with male to female ratio 2:1. HRCT scans of all patients were done with COVID PCR test positive in 146(73%) patients. Group I had 98(49%) patients, 87(43.5%) patients were included in Group II and 15(7.5%) patients in Group III. Oxygen was required in 78(39%) patients from group II and 14(7%) patients from severe disease required ventilator. Conclusion: Our research work presented the trends of CT severity scoring having positive correlation to clinical symptoms of patients. Moreover, most of the patients in our country were having mild and moderate disease and only 7% patients showed severe disease symptoms and CT scoring in our study. Out of those severe disease patients, mortality was only 1% as compared to 2.89% mortality reported in Iran. Keywords: COVID-19 infection, HRCT Chest, Severity score
Effect of Hormonal Supplementation on Pain Tolerance in Women, A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Riaz Marryam , Sukhera Shazia , Lateef Naghmana , Ilyas Jawaria , Balouch Varda , Akram Madiha , Ijaz Farhat
Published: June 2022

Background and Aim: Hormonal supplementation (Oestrogen and progesterone) significantly influence pain sensitivity in women. Neuropathic pain prevention and nociceptive actions are strongly affected by progesterone and oestrogen. The present study aimed to investigate the gonadal hormones on women's pain sensation. Materials and Method: this case-control study was conducted on 46 females (study group) on the combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) and 46 healthy males (control group) at the Department of Physiology, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from November 2020 to July 2021. As a stimulus source, a cold pressor test was used. The participant’s least dominant hands were placed in a water bath with a temperature between 0◦C and 2◦C and were instructed to notify when the pain was first sensation feel which represents the pain threshold of participants. Pain tolerance was referred to the duration from the initial threshold to a stage where pain severity increased beyond the participant’s coping with pain. A visual analog scale was set to measure the unpleasantness and pain intensity. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. The Chi-square test was used, and p values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Pain tolerance and unpleasantness was not significantly differ in men and women taking combined oral contraceptive pill. However, women on combined oral contraceptive pill had significantly higher (p<0.001) pain tolerance on average scale. Average pain threshold had insignificant association with age. Comparing to naturally menstruating women the unpleasantness pain on average scale was less severe in women taking hormonal pills. The average pain intensity was considerably differ between women on COCP pills and normal women. Conclusion: Our study suggests that gonadal hormone levels changes had a lower effect on experimental pain and unpleasantness in women. COCP influence the average pain reported by participants. Upon comparing normal and women on COCP pills, a significant increase in pain tolerance was observed in females on pill therapy. Women utilizing hormonal contraceptives should be kept under supervision for unpleasant and severe pain. Keywords: Hormonal supplementation, Pain tolerance, Combined oral contraceptive pill
An in Vitro Study Comparing Nano-Composite Microleakage with and without Hydroxyapatite-Reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement and Cention N as a Base Material in Class I Cavity
Authors: As Albadah , Am Khan
Published: June 2022

Aim: This study assessed microleakage in class one cavities in premolar teeth treated with Nano-composites using Cention N and Hydroxyapatite reinforced Glass ionomer cement as a base. Materials and Methods: In Sixty premolars, Class I cavities, one-fourth the intercuspal distance wide and 0.5-1mm deep were formed. Three groups were made. Group 1 received only Nano-Composites, Group 2, Nano-Composites with Cention N, and Group 3, Nano-Composites with Hydroxyapatite reinforced GIC was used as a base material. After 24 hours in distilled water, samples were undergone 5000 thermocycles at 5°C to 55°C. Samples were dried, and apical surfaces were sealed and saved for a 1mm wide zone around the restoration margins. Teeth were coloured with 2% Methylene blue. All the teeth were longitudinally sectioned and examined under a microscope Results: The least microleakage and internal gaps with GIC reinforced by Hydroxyapatite used as a base material (1.03± 0.832), followed by Nanocomposites. (2.08 ± 1.347). However, the greatest microleakage was observed with Cention N when used as a base (2.60 ± 0.928). A strong positive correlation was also observed between microleakage and internal gap formation. Conclusion: Cention N demonstrated the maximum microleakage as a base material, followed by Nanocomposite. GIC with Hydroxyapatite as a base material showed the least microleakage. Keywords: Cention N, GIC reinforced by Hydroxyapatite, Nanocomposite, base material, Microleakage
Socio-Economic Impact of End-Stage Renal Disease on the Patients in District Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan
Authors: Nafees Muhammad , Naz Madıha , Batool Farwa , Ashraf Rizwan , Usman Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is associated with premature deaths, low quality of life, and high-cost medical treatment problems worldwide. When CKD does not cure, the End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) emerges which required to be treated by Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) which comprises of a kidney transplant, or dialysis. Due to the dependency on the family members, inability to participate in economic activities and inability to fulfill various social responsibilities, such patients face many social problems. Objectives: This study focused on problems faced by End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients, and suggested some policy measures to eliminate the social problems of such patients. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Place and duration: Dialysis center of Allied Hospital Faisalabad, Pakistan, December 2021. Methodology: 105 respondents through a convenient sampling technique were recruited and responses were obtained using a structured interview schedule. Data were analyzed and interpreted using (SPSS version 22). Conclusion: The study concluded that patients of ESRD were facing a lot of social problems due to the inability to participate in paid work, inability to fulfill their social responsibilities, and dependency on their family members for their dialysis and routine activities. There is a need to address their social problems through suitable policy initiatives. Keywords: Problems, patients, End-Stage Renal Disease, Faisalabad
Patient Adherence and Elimination of Helicobacter Pylori Infection with Once-Daily Triple Therapy Versus Traditional Triple Therapy: A longitudinal study
Authors: . Nadeem , Ahmed Nazeer , Abbasi Hyder Wajid , Samejo Khadim Hussain , Ali Mohsin , Anwar Sheikh Muhammad Taqqi
Published: June 2022

Aim: To assess the patient Adherence and Elimination of Helicobacter pylori Infection with Once-Daily Triple Therapy versus Traditional Triple Therapy Study design: A longitudinal study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical Sciences Gambat Pakistan from Faburay 2020 to February 2021. Methodology: A total of 159 patients with aggressive peptic ulcer disease were checked positive for rapid urease exam or 13C-UBT had been provided either once-daily (Tinidazole 1000 milligrams + Azithromycin 500 milligrams +Rabeprazole 40 milligrams) or twice-daily (Amoxicillin 1000 milligrams +Clarithromycin 500 milligrams +Esomeprazole 40). The fast urease exams with 13C-UBT were performed ten weeks following the end of the medication. Pill counting, standardized surveys, and interviews were used to assess compliance and side effects. Results: When compared to the twice-daily cohort, patient adherence was shown to be higher in the once-daily cohort (84.8 percent) (68.8 percent) respectively. Meanwhile, 74.6 percent of the participants tested negative for H. pylori following therapy with the once-daily prescription and reported symptomatic improvement. The standard regime, on the other hand, resulted in 68.7% of the individuals testing negative to UBT and symptomatic alleviation (p=0.4063). Conclusion: No statistically substantial variation in elimination frequencies between the two regimes was observed. The once-daily prescription, on the other hand, had improved drug adherence than the standard treatment plan, indicating that it could be a secure and a superior tolerated substitute to traditional triple treatments, particularly for patients who do not adhere to the regimen. To corroborate the findings, more research should be done. Keywords: peptic ulcer disease, adults, helicobacter pylori, azithromycin
A Cross Sectional Study on the Frequency of Poly-Arthropathy in HCV Positive Patients with Positive Ra Factor
Authors: Raina Urooj Mehtab , Nisar Arbab , Bashir, Muhammad Kashif , Rehman Habib Ur , Liaquat Shoaib , Raza Ahmad
Published: June 2022

Objective: The Aim Of This Study Was The Determination Of The Rheumatoid Factor (Rf) Frequency In Hepatitis C Infection (Hcv) Patients And Its Correlation With Poly-Arthropathy. Study Design: The Design Of This Study Was Cross-Sectional Study. This Study Was Conducted at Sheikh Zayed hospital Rahim yar khan, and the Duration Of This Study Was From October, 2020 To March, 2021. 207 Confirm Patients of Hepatitis C Infection With The Positive Hcv Rna And Anti-Hcv Antibodies Through Pcr Qualitative Having Poly-Arthropathy Were Made A Part Of The Research. The Rf Screening Of These Patients Was Carried Out Through Immune-Chromatography With The Help Of Rf Latex Assay Kit. Results: In The Total Sample Male To Female Ratio Was Respectively 138 Males (66.67%) And 69 Females (33.33%). Range Of The Age In The Patients Was In The Limit Of 21 – 55 Years With The Mean Age As (44.29 ± 4.61) Years. The Youngest Age Was 21; Whereas The Eldest Patient’s Age Was 55 Years In The Research Sample. Majority If The Sample Population Was In The Age Group Of 36 – 45 Years As 97 Patients (47%). The Rate Of Rf Positive Was Observed In The 88 Patients (42.51%) And Negative Incidence Was Observed In 119 Patients (57.49%) Being Affected By Hepatitis C Infection Related With The Poly-Arthropathy. Rf Frequency Of The Female Cases Was Observed As 66 Cases (48%) And In The Male Cases It Was Observed As 22 Patients (32%) With A Significant P-Value Observed As (0.0367), Which Was Dominant In Females In Comparison To The Male Cases. Conclusion: Rheumatoid Factor (Rf) Detection Is Of Less Use For The Diagnosis Of The Patients’ Coexisting Ra In The Cases Of Chronic Hcv Infection Due To An Increased Percentage Of The Rf Serum Activity. Keywords: Arthropathy, Rheumatoid Factor And Hepatitis C (Hcv).
Frequency of Portal Gastropathy in Child Pugh Class A, B, C in Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Humayun Aqsa , Gardezi Syed Anees Ahmed , Niazi Najmusaqib Khan , Tirmizi Syed Haider , Rafique Iffat , Sadiq Rabia , Laique Talha
Published: June 2022

Liver disease progresses through four stages of inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis leading to hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. Aims: To check the frequency of portal gastro-pathy in child Pugh class A, B, C in chronic liver disease. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Methodology: Patients (n=246) with chronic liver disease were included and classified based on the Child-Pugh classification and grouped into category A (good hepatic function), category B (moderately impaired hepatic function and category C (advanced hepatic dysfunction). Findings suggestive of portal gastropathy were noted in the endoscopy reports and were classified as mild or severe according to McCormack criteria. ALT, platelets, Haemoglobin and INR levels were also recorded. Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results were presented as frequency and percentage. Age was presented as mean± SD. Results: Out of total 246 patients 155 (63%) were males and 91 (37%) were females. Mean age of the patients was 45.1 ± 10.1 years. 142 (57.7%) patients were of child PUGH class A, 66 (26.8%) were of class B and 38 (15.4%) were of class C. Frequency of portal gastropathy was 62.2% (n=153). In our study 57.7% patients in child PUGH class A, 69.6% of Child PUGH class B and 65.7% in PUGH class C were positive with PHG findings. Conclusion: It was concluded that Portal hypertensive gastropathy was not significantly related to the Child Pugh classification of liver disease. However, an increase in ALT levels depicted the severity of liver damage. Keywords: Child PUGH Classification, Chronic Liver Disease, Portal Hypertension and Portal Hypertensive Gastro-pathy.
Evaluation of Complications and Management of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Haqdad Mehwish , Aftab Ali Akber , Kumar Ashok , Ali Sheikh Sajjad , Rai Deepak , Ahmed Naveed
Published: June 2022

Aim: To evaluate multiple clinical complications and management of chronic suppurative otitis media Study design: A retrospective study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre Karachi Pakistan from June 2020 to June 2021. Methodology All patients of chronic suppurative otitis media with intra or extra cranial complications who were admitted to the ENT Department were included in this study. Clinical data, related complications, care, and follow-up were all analyzed. In all patients, pure tone audiometry was used to assess their hearing. Every patient had a high-resolution computer tomography (HRCT) temporal bone scan and all other relevant investigations including aural pus swab for culture and sensitivity done . Every patient with CSOM-related intracranial problems had a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) brain scan. Results: During the trial of 280 individuals, 42 patients with CSOM complications were observed. A total of 19 of them had intracranial complications, while 23 had extra cranial complications. The youngest patient was five years old, while the oldest was 58 years. The majority of the cases were observed in 11 to 20 years age groups. Only 6 of the 42 individuals had bilateral CSOM, whereas the remaining 36 had unilateral CSOM. Conclusions: CSOM-related problems are still widespread, despite the availability of broad spectrum antibiotics. Patients should be given higher doses of intravenous antibiotics (that breach the blood-brain barrier) followed by mastoid surgery. Early detection of concomitant intracranial complications using HRCT and MRI and adequate antibiotic treatment, abscess drainage, and mastoid surgery as soon as possible are all essential to prevent mortality from CSOM complications. Keywords: Acute otitis media, CSOM, intravenous antibiotics, intracranial complication, extracranial complication.
A Prospective Analysis of Hyponatremia in Transurethral Resection of Prostate
Authors: Ahmed Aftab , Rehman Sajid , Jehan Shah , Farid Tauheed , Malik Farooq , Mahmood Athar
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is one of the most common urological procedures performed. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the hyponatremia in transurethral resection of prostate. Materials and Method: This prospective study was conducted in Shaikh Khaleefa Bin Zaid Hospital/CMH Muzaffarabad AJK, Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore and PKLI Lahore, from May 2020 to April 2021. 60 male patients aged 45 – 75 years presented for TURP were enrolled in the study with ASA classification of grade I and IV. Informed and written consent was obtained from all study subjects. Results: The mean of all study subjects was reported to be 71.58 ± 7.76years. The majority of the patients had grade I or III. Spinal anesthesia was given to 31 patients (62%) and 19 (38%) patients were subjected to general anesthesia. The mean duration of procedure was 72.42 ± 24.77min. The mean size of the resected prostate was 54.82 ± 25.04g with the minimum and maximum size being 21.4 g and 131 g. Blood transfusion was done in only 5 patients (10%). Conclusion: It is concluded that hyponatremia is a common finding in patients undergoing TURP. We observed that duration of operation is one of the deciding factor to determine the level of hyponatremia. Keywords: Serum Sodium; Transurethral resection of prostate; Hyponatremia, TURP.
Research of the Self-Reflection and Insight Status of Coaches on Active Duty
Authors: Yıldırım Eyyup , Altungül Oğuzhan , Bulut Mesut , Tutar Ömer Faruk
Published: June 2022

Background: The universe of the study was created by active duty coaches, while the sample was made up of 165 active duty coaches who were randomly selected, limited to Elazig. Aim: The study aims to examine the self-reflection and insight of active-duty coaches in Elazig province. Methods: Personal information form and "Self-Reflection and Insight Scale" were used to examine the self-reflection and insight status of the active-duty coaches who participated in the study, and the frequency, percentage, t-test in binary groups, one-way variance analysis in multiple groups (Anova), as well as TUKEY test was used to find differences between groups. Results: Considering the total average values obtained from the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale; It was observed that there was no significant relationship between the variables according to the statistical evaluation made in terms of gender, the branch you are a coach, the state of education, coaching experience status. Although the total average score was close to each other in the separation between age groups with significant associations, a significant relationship was found between ages 41 and older and 26-30 years of age in the size of self-reflection. It was found that coaches aged 41 and over were more likely to self-reflect on the events they were exposed to than coaches aged 26-30. Conclusion: There was also a significant difference in the size of self-reflection in the marital status variable, married coaches were more likely to reflect on themselves than single coaches. Keywords: Sports, Coach, Self Reflection, Insight.
Neurofibromatosis type 1-associated gastrointestinal stromal tumor: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: do Vale Campos Elisabete , Coelho Ana Rita , Baptista Freitas EMarta , Aral Marisa , de Almeida Marinho , Teixeira Tavares Nuno , Fonseca Elsa , Barbosa Elisabete
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), although very rare, are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract and develop in approximately 5–25% of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Neurofibromatosis type 1-associated GIST (NF1-GIST) differ phenotypically and genotypically from sporadic GIST, neither present receptor tyrosine kinase (KIT) or platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alfa (PDGFR-alfa) mutation and have propensity to be multifocal and to occur in the small bowel.

Case Report: We present a case of NF1-GIST, with multiple primary lesions, initially diagnosed as metastatic GIST, with treatment implications.

Conclusion: Different characteristics of NF1-GIST should be empathized so the evidence of multifocal GIST not be confused with advanced/metastatic GIST, influencing treatment options. Identifying this tumor early allows surgical treatment with potential cure, because GIST are mostly treatable tumors with indolent behavior. Currently, no standard drug therapy for unresectable or relapsed NF1-GIST has been established.
The Transnational Networks of the European Radical Populist Right and the Beacon of Hungarian Illiberal Democracy
Authors: Camus Jean-Yves
Published: June 2022

Radical right parties in Europe have been in negotiations since 2018 in order to form a single, unified group in the European Parliament. Today, there are two competing caucuses: one, which is considered the “extreme right” by European standards; and another, which is a collection of far-right, Euroskeptic parties. A unified caucus would challenge the leadership of mainstream conservatives and Christian Democrats in the Parliament and be a show of strength by the radical right. For those who are at the origin of this attempt, namely Marine Le Pen from the French National Rally and Matteo Salvini, leader of the Italian Lega, the goal is also to mainstream their ideology by reaching an alliance with the Hungarian Fidesz party and the Polish Law and Justice Party. Both have become the beacons of illiberal democracy and role models for Western parties that used to be labeled “extreme right” and in need of a break from their past. However, tactical as well as ideological issues have, so far, prevented this unification of the radical right from becoming a reality.
Eutrophication Assessment Using Phytodiversity at the Land-Water Interface of Lake Anasagar of Ajmer
Authors: Sharma Renu
Published: June 2022

Since most of the water, silt, nutrients, and organic inputs from the catchment areas must pass through theland-water interface before reaching the water body, the biota of this zone and the ecosystem processesoperating therein play a significant role in regulating water quality, biodiversity and productivity of inlandwaters. Therefore, this zone can be considered as a biological frame of the aquatic ecosystem. As the effectof pollutants coming from various anthropogenic activities and factors operating on land are morepronounced at the interface, the aquatic flora growing here may be indicative of trophic state of the waterbody. The present study deals with phytoplankton and macrophytes as a criterion for trophic evaluation ofAnasagar- a perennial freshwater lake of Ajmer which is being influenced by a number of anthropogenicactivities on its margin. Human settlements and construction activities in the catchment areas lead todeterioration of the water quality of the lake. The study indicates that rather than physico-chemicalcharacteristics used to classify wetlands under oligo- and eutrophic scales, Phytodiversity is a potent criterionfor trophic evaluation. As a major element of aquatic biota, the algal community often exhibits dramaticchanges in response to different types of pollutants. Hence, the diversity of algal component in the aquaticecosystem serves as a reliable index for biomonitoring of pollution load. Land-water interface is rich inalgal diversity, in all 123 algal species belonging to Cyanophyceae (41), Chlorophyceae (48),Bascillariophyceae (22) and Euglenophyceae (12) were recorded. On the basis of number of algal speciesbelonging to various groups, Nygaard Trophic State Indices were calculated which indicate hypereutrophicstatus of wetland. Wetland plants in land-water interface play an important role in nutrient dynamics. Thecontribution of some dominant macrophytes in nutrient enrichment at the land-water interface was alsoassessed. It was estimated that among the macrophyte species, Azolla pinnata and Trapa bispinosa contributedmaximum to the total nutrient inputs into the lake waters. If these macrophyte species are removed beforedecomposition Starts, nutrient enrichment of the lake may be checked to a large extent. Recently manyinitiatives have been taken to restore Lake Anasagar under National Lake Conservation Program throughinstallation of water treatment plant and by providing aeration in the water body. This will favourablyaffect the biological components including algal flora and macrophytes. Data on the physico-chemicalanalysis state that the water quality is still not improved because inputs of fertilizers and detergents havenot been checked so far.
Remote Sensing Studies for Mapping of Iron Oxide Regions in Keonjhor district, Odisha, India
Authors: Singh Debasis , Kumar Tripathy Jagadish , Behera Sushree Sagarika
Published: June 2022

Odisha is known for having a bounty of mineral resources, which are required for the economic and industrialdevelopment of the state. Ore minerals such as hematite, magnetite, pyrolusite, psilomelane, chromite etcare richly available in Odisha. A lot work has been done on the mineral property, texture, behaviour ofindividual ions in different chemical conditions within the domain of the aforesaid minerals and a very fewworks has reportedly been done on the spectral behaviour of these ore minerals. For the development ofhuman societies, economic and industrial demand of iron has been raised which resulted in search of newcost-effective techniques for the exploration of ore minerals containing Fe metal. Remote sensing methodsare now considered as modern and cost effective highly dynamic techniques for exploration of economic ore minerals containing iron oxides. In this study, various digitalimage processing techniques of remote sensingsuch as False Colour Composites (FCCs), Band Ratios (BRs), and Principal Components Analysis (PCA) were used on satellite derived images for mapping iron oxide mineralization zone. The results were compared with the already published maps and also with the field inspection. From the results, it was found that various band combinations of BRs and PCA may be used for mapping of iron oxide ore regions.