bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFOCOMMUNICATIONS: PRESENT, FUTURE
Authors: Semenko Anatolii
Published: February 2020

Nanotechnology, robotics, genomics are considered to be scientific areas that will change the world. Today, nanotechnologies allow the manufacture of touch screens for which a disappearing Indium is used and effective batteries. Graphene, which conductivity is 3.5 times higher than that of silicon, is already used to make ultra high-frequency transistors. Lithium-metal batteries will increase the mileage of electric cars up to 600 km. Hydrogen power sources are already replacing lithium-ion batteries and are used in trams and cars, in the future on airplanes and electronic devices. The subject of dispute at the scientific and technical level of the countries is supercomputers. Today, the leaders of the direction are China and the United States. China plans in 2020 to create a supercomputer with record performance-1 exaflops (1018 operations/s). Ilon Mask has received the US approval to launch several thousand mini satellites to provide Internet services to all people on Earth. Developed by South Korean scientists of a solar cell with a thickness of 1 micron opens up the prospect of creating a giant electro-battery around the Earth. Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have brought out a breed of trees that shine. Scientists introduce special nanoparticles into plants - a chemical that forces plants to shine, the same one used by fireflies. In the future, a pot with a light plant will be able to replace a table lamp. In the future, such trees can light up streets instead of lights that spend an estimated 20% energy consumption.Ukrainian scientists are encouraged to use pseudo-random sequences based on chaos to ensure high confidentiality of information transmission in telecommunication systems. The main task in the development of infocommunications should be considered the creation using the latest technologies and materials of multi service networks to provide mobile communication services and the Internet for all people on Earth.
AMPLITUDE CHARACTERISTICS OF SILICON PHOTO-ELECTRON MULTIPLIER’S PHOTORESPORENSE
Authors: Asayonak Maryna , Zenevich Andrey , Novikau Yauhen
Published: February 2020

Currently, in many applications, photodetectors are needed that provide registration of optical radiation in a wide range of intensities and allow combining two operating modes: current mode and photon counting. These devices include silicon photoelectronic multipliers (SiPM), which have a number of advantages compared to electrovacuum photomultipliers and avalanche photodetectors. However, the influence on the photoresponse characteristics of SiPM of such important factors as the supply voltage and temperature has not been studied enough. The influence of these factors on the amplitude parameters of the photoresponse of SiPM is studied. The block diagram of the experimental setup is presented, with the help of which the photoresponse characteristics of SiPM with n+-n-p+ and p+-p-n+ structures manufactured by Integral OJSC (Republic of Belarus) were measured. The dependences of the average amplitude of the photoresponse on the supply voltage and temperature of silicon photomultipliers for various wave-lengths of optical radiation are presented. It was found that when SiPM were exposed to optical pulses with the same duration and energy exposure at the same temperature at the same overvoltage, the photoresponse amplitude was larger for a SiPMr with p+-p-n+ structure regardless of the wave-length of optical radiation. It was found that, when the overvoltage changes, the increase in the photoresponse amplitude is observed only in the overvoltage range ΔU = 0 ¸ 3 V for all the studied SiPM, irrespective of the wave-length of the detected optical radiation and temperature. It was determined that a decrease in temperature led to an increase in the amplitude of the photoresponse pulses. The temperature dependence of the amplitude of the photoresponse was most pronounced for SiPM with the p+-p-n+ structure. It was shown that the dependences of the average amplitude of the photomonitor Si-PM on the energy exposure have a linear section, the length of which depends on the wavelength of the detected optical radiation.
METHOD OF STRIP LINES’ TE MODES CHARACTERISTICS CALCULATION
Authors: Chernov Artem , Voloshin Anton , Kazmirenko Victor , Prokopenko Yuriy
Published: February 2020

The paper is devoted to the calculation of the electromagnetic field in a stripline based transmission line for the TE-modes. TE-mode is one of the closest to the main mode, especially at the high frequencies, and should be considered in the multiple-mode resonators. Moreover, TE-mode is the main mode in the slotline at ane frequency. The method of solving the electromagnetic field problem of computing the characteristics of TE-modes of the slotlines is proposed. The proposed method is based on a rigorous electrodynamic approach and has no restrictions on the geometric and electrophysical parameters of the lines. The problem is reduced to the eigenvalues and eigenvectors problem, which is solved by the 2D finite element method applied to the cross-section of the line. The resulting solutions provide the possibility of obtaining the distribution of the component of the electromagnetic field and calculate the integral characteristics of the stripline, such as effective dielectric permittivity, which defines wavelength in the line, and characteristic impedance, which describes the relation between current and voltage in the equivalent transmission line. The distribution of the electric field components in the slotline is shown. The results of the effective dielectric permittivity and characteristic impedance calculation for the slotline with various geometrical and electrophysical parameters at different operating frequencies are presented. The obtained values of the effective parameters are in good agreement with other known calculated and measured results. The proposed method can be applied to any structures of strip lines in an arbitrary medium with any dielectric or metal objects placed near the line. Thus, such a method is suitable for the analysis and design of micro mechanically tunable devices as well.
FUZZY CONTROL SYSTEM OF TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK RESOURCES
Authors: Lisovy Ivan , Pylypenko Georgy
Published: February 2020

It is shown in this paper that the automatic control of the basic parameters of a telecommunication network occurs in conditions of uncertainty, that is connected with the lack of sufficient statistics characterizing the control object (in this case, the system of information distribution or the transmission, path). Therefore, when managing the resources of a telecommunication network, it is necessary to take into account some factors that are not formalized or difficult to formalize.
It is shown that in the process of managing the resources of telecommunication networks there are a number of problems that cannot be described by well-known management methods, for example: it is not possible to reliably determine the state of the information distribution system in a given node of the network, and in the process of operational management there is not enough time to collect and process the necessary statistical data; it is not possible to really assess the impact of interference on the quality of the transmission path; it is not possible to estimate the operator's losses caused by deviations of the parameters of the paths or their malfunction, etc.
 It is proposed to solve these problems in the theory and practice of network management by constructing and using fuzzy algorithms in mathematical models of resource management. At the same time, the level of complexity of such control systems is so high that the use of only known deterministic and stochastic models does not provide desirable characteristics. In these cases, adequate mathematical models of control objects (information distribution systems, transmission paths) should be built on the basis of the fuzzy set theory apparatus, and the resource management system acquires the features of an intelligent control system. Representing performance indicators using fuzzy numbers can provide more information than accurate deterministic interval estimation.The core of such a control system is the fuzzy controller.
It is established that the main problem with creating fuzzy controllers is that changing the parameters of a control object requires modifying the control rules with their subsequent iterative adjustment, which takes time.
THE RESEARCH OF PRODUCTIVITY OF SENSOR NETWORK: THE KEY AND AUXILIARY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Authors: Hladkykh Valery , Toroshanko Oleg
Published: February 2020

Ad Hoc sensor network with mobile network nodes is considered. The basic parameters of the bandwidth and quality of the data exchange channel constructed on the sensor network are analyzed. Statistical analysis of network service quality uses a parameter based on Mean Opinion Score (MOS). This parameter takes into account characteristics such as jitter, delay time, and packet loss rate, and allows you to quantify call quality for calls in the range of 1.0 to 5.0. At the stage of designing the sensor network and in the process of its development, the task of choosing a routing algorithm is very important. To solve the problem of optimal routing in the sensor network a partial mathematical model of the network, consisting of N switching nodes and M lines of wireless communication, has been developed. The average time for messages to remain in the line between two network nodes is determined. To improve methods and algorithms for routing in sensory networks, a generalized mathematical model of the routing process in complex networks and methodology has been developed to select the best route or a set of best routes by a set of criteria.For the most complete comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of a route, it is advisable to consider the route metric ‒ the generalized distance selected for the selected service class and the administrative distance ‒ the route parameter by which the degree of confidence in information received from neighboring devices is determined. It is shown that for optimal organization of data flows in a heterogeneous network it is advisable to use routing algorithms with many quality criteria. To do this, you must conduct an ongoing analysis of the characteristics of the network segments and automatically modify the routing tables. The basis of quality functionality is the route metric. In order to increase the reliability of the data on the state of the route, a quantitative (functional) measure of the administrative distance was introduced into the mathematical model. As a tool for evaluating and managing criteria by their relative importance, it is proposed to use the method of analysis of the Saati hierarchy.
PROVIDING INCREASED REQUIREMENTS FOR TIME SYNCHRONIZATION QUALITY UNDER GNSS VULNERABILITIES
Authors: Matvienko Mykola , Gaidamanchuk Viktor
Published: February 2020

In different industries, it is increasingly necessary to provide consumers with accurate timing and frequency signals.The most common source of accurate time synchronization signals in Ukraine is GPS, but they are vulnerable to a variety of deliberate and unintentional obstacles, which does not ensure high reliability of delivery of accurate time synchronization signals to consumers. One promising solution to the problem is to receive an exact time signal from the national time benchmark. National time benchmarks can be used as a backup source of accurate time synchronization in the implementation of the 5g mobile standard, as only they outside the mobile synchronization network have the accuracy required for 5g
The article is devoted to the problems of creating networks in the face of increasing quality requirements to time and frequency synchronization in industries that are critical to time accuracy. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the requirements to time synchronization accuracy in various industries of strategic importance for the country. Ways of delivering accurate time signals from national time standards in the context of GNSS vulnerability are considered, an examples of technical solutions for delivering accurate time signals to remote users based on current ITU-T and IEEE recommendations are provided. These technical solutions can be successfully taken into account for the development and modernization of the Time Synchronization and Reference Frequencies Service. Solutions to the problem of synchronization signals delivery from national frequency and time standards to users, based on modern PTP IEEE 1588-2008 equipment are considered. The main factors that negatively affect the accuracy of the time synchronization networks constructed in accordance with the PTP 1588-2008 protocol are considered, and recommendations are given to minimize their impact.
RADIO RELAY STATIONS WITH IMPROVED CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Semenko Anatoly , Bokla Natalija , Domracheva Catherina , Shestopal Yevhen
Published: February 2020

Despite the variety of modern means of communication, radio relay lines of information are not lost due to the possibility of their creation in hard-to-reach mountain regions and in conditions of dense development of large cities. One-way radio relay lines have been widely used to transmit information between the central office and branches of the enterprise in corporate networks, between base stations and switching center in mobile communication networks, between military structures for operational management, in emergency situations.
When creating radio relay links, the basic tasks are to use the minimum possible transmitter power sufficient to ensure the required quality of information transmission. At the same time minimum influence of electromagnetic radiation on health of people in the area of station operation, better electromagnetic compatibility of equipment with equipment of neighboring regions, duration of station operation at power supply from accumulator battery are achieved.
In this paper are reviewed the methods to improve the energy, noise immunity and confidential microwave link using the 4-way signal of PM-4. The advantages of microwave links with noise-like signals generated using pseudorandom sequences based on chaos are shown here.
INFORMATION SYSTEM OF THE TIME SCALE TRANSMISSION THROUGH AN INTEGRATED ELECTRICITY NETWORKS OF SMART TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Koval Valerii , Samkov Olexandеr , Piskun Оleg , Medina Nikolai
Published: February 2020

The comparative analysis of the features of the existing and perspective technologies of providing timestamps of the process of continuous monitoring of the stability of power system parameters, according to the concept of smart grid (SMART Grid). A new IEEE-1588 synchronization mechanism is considered that is capable of providing accurate time stamping by packet switching technology that does not require a dedicated network. The experimental data of the results of the research of the equipment of Ukrainian production for transmitting the time scale of the "energy" profile using the RTR protocol are presented.
For the technical implementation of the information system for the transmission of reference values ​​of the time scale with certain qualitative characteristics, it is necessary to analyze the features of existing and promising technologies to ensure timing of the process of continuous monitoring of the stability of power system parameters, according to the concept of smart grid (SMART Grid). It is appropriate to take into account the fact that, given the increasing demand for Internet service providers, telecommunications operators are actively developing packet switched asynchronous networks (IP networks) that can be used to reproduce the national time and frequency scale based on the modern RTD synchronization protocol ( Precision Time Protocol) [4] recommended by international standard IEC 61850-9. An important component of the preparation for the technical implementation of the information system is the experimental confirmation of the possibility of using equipment, including Ukrainian production for transmission over the current IP-networks timestamp with an accuracy of ± 1 microseconds, the use of which will create conditions for diversification of synchronization support and reduction of the accident in the intelligent electric power.
Test results of a set of equipment of Ukrainian production showed that its basic characteristics meet the requirements of the "energy" profile of RTR and indicate that its technical and economic indicators correspond to the world level.
METHOD FOR TASK SCHEDULING WITH GRANULARITY OF TASKS AND HOSTS FOR GRID-SYSTEM
Authors: Dibrova Michael
Published: February 2020

This study aims to increase the productivity of grid systems by an improved scheduling method. A brief overview and analysis of the main scheduling methods in grid systems are presented. A method for increasing efficiency by optimizing the task graph structure considering the grid system node structure is proposed. Depending on the selection of the optimization criterion of the optimal node search problem, a subset of nodes is determined, which provide the start-up of the complement in a minimum time, then, node with minimum cost is selected. Task granularity (the ratio between the amount of computation and transferred data) is considered to increase the efficiency of planning. An analysis of the impact on task scheduling efficiency in a grid system is presented. A correspondence of the task graph structure considering the node structure (in which the task is immersed) to the effectiveness of scheduling in a grid system is shown. The basic scheduling algorithm for consideration and modification is the Maui hierarchical scheduler algorithm. A modified method for scheduling tasks while considering their granularity is proposed. As part of this work, you have developed the GridSim toolbox by adding new entities to simulate planning and workflow processes in the grid-environment. The relevant algorithm for task scheduling in a grid system is developed. Simulation of the proposed algorithm using the modeling system GridSim is conducted. A comparative analysis between the modified algorithm and the algorithm of the hierarchical scheduler Maui is shown. The general advantages and disadvantages of the proposed algorithm are discussed. As a result of program operation, generated diagrams of loading of Grid-system nodes and communication channels. With the help of this program there was performed analysis of load of system nodes at different relations between number of tasks and Grid-system nodes. As the task queue increases, the efficiency of the modified scheduling algorithm increases significantly due to the higher and even loading of nodes and communication channels. With a modified algorithm, scheduling increases scheduler decision time.
TEACHING OF STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF INCLUSIVE TYPE
Authors: Davydenko Anna
Published: February 2020

The author of the article, on the example of the activity of the Higher International Open University of Human Development “Ukraine”, reveals the role and importance of active research and international activity of the modern higher education institution in Ukraine. The ongoing higher education reform in Ukraine poses many challenges to the modern scientific community. It is significant that universities, with minimal governmental funding, hold the bar and provide a full range of opportunities for their staff and students. It is the scientific communication with the countries of Europe and the world in general that contributes to the growth of the quality of educational services and faster progress in various fields of science. It is gratifying to realize that there is a growing generation of young scientists who will develop national science and worthy representation of the state at the international level, create their ambitious projects and make their lives better here and now. A modern university is able to open the door to Europe for anyone who wants to study and build a successful career internationally here and now - this is a clear demonstration of the experience of University “Ukraine”. First of all, it is a matter of science and research together with foreign partners. Today, the University has more than 40 agreements with foreign higher education institutions, the vast majority of them defining the directions and basic conditions for cooperation in the field of academic mobility and conducting joint research. The article deals with an analysis of the results of such cooperation. The best result is of course the fact that the Higher International Open University of Human Development “Ukraine” as the only inclusive educational institution in Ukraine has managed to create a reputation of a research-type university not only in Ukraine, but also abroad in less than 20 years of its activity.
PREDICTING CHARACTERISTICS OF SELF SIMILAR TRAFFIC BY SPLINE-EXTRAPOLATION
Authors: Strelkovskay Irina , Solovskaya Irina , Makoganjuk Anastasija , Severin Nikolaj
Published: February 2020

The problem of forecasting self-similar traffic, which is characterized by a considerable number of ripples and the property of long-term dependence, is considered. It is proposed to use the method of spline extrapolation using linear and cubic splines. The results of self-similar traffic prediction were obtained, which will allow to predict the necessary size of the buffer devices of the network nodes in order to avoid congestion in the network and exceed the normative values ​​of QoS quality characteristics.
The solution of the problem of self-similar traffic forecasting obtained with the Simulink software package in Matlab environment is considered. A method of extrapolation based on spline functions is developed. The proposed method has several advantages over the known methods, first of all, it is sufficient ease of implementation, low resource intensity and accuracy of prediction, which can be enhanced by the use of quadratic or cubic interpolation spline functions. Using the method of spline extrapolation, the results of self-similar traffic prediction were obtained, which will allow to predict the required volume of buffer devices, thereby avoiding network congestion and exceeding the normative values ​​of QoS quality characteristics. Given that self-similar traffic is characterized by the presence of "bursts" and a long-term dependence between the moments of receipt of applications in this study, given predetermined data to improve the prediction accuracy, it is possible to use extrapolation based on wavelet functions, the so-called wavelet-extrapolation method.
Based on the results of traffic forecasting, taking into account the maximum values ​​of network node traffic, you can give practical guidance on how traffic is redistributed across the network. This will balance the load of network objects and increase the efficiency of network equipment.
EVALUATION OF SERVICES QUALITY IN IMS
Authors: Kniazievа Nina , Shestopalov Serhii
Published: February 2020

The main stages of the historical development of telecommunication networks are shown. It is noted that today the most common concepts are NGN (Next Generation Network), supporting the functionality of Triple-Play Services (triple services – voice, video and data transmission), as well as IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem), which combines cellular technology and landline communications. They are able to provide a wide range of services: basic, additional, intelligent. In addition, IMS is able to provide mobile services. The IMS architecture layers are presented – transport layer, control layer; layer of service and application servers. Particular attention is paid to the layer of service and application servers. Based on the analysis of ITU recommendations, the main telecommunication services quality indexes are determined, namely, the time of service provision, the length of the queue that the service request falls into to wait for service on the server, and the probability of refusing to provide services. Based on the proposed mathematical models of the NGN intelligent superstructure, analytical expressions are presented for calculating the quality indexes of intelligent services in NGN for one type of service and for K types of services, taking into account the self-similarity of traffic, and without taking into account. To evaluate the quality of services in IMS, it is proposed to use the approaches of queuing theory and tensor analysis. Tensor analysis offers a mathematical apparatus for transforming coordinate systems, considering IMS as a set of geometric objects whose projections are different in different coordinate systems, but the physical properties of the objects themselves do not change. Expressions are proposed that make it possible to calculate the following QoS indexes in IMS: average queue length, average residence time of an application in the system for all types of services in IMS. It is considered that the incoming traffic is the simplest. Further development of the work is to take into account the self-similar nature of traffic, which is created by the flow of requests for services that come to IMS, as well as the limitations of the server buffer, which will allow a more accurate assessment of the quality of services in IMS.
ARCHITECTURE OF PORTS AND ADAPTERS IN ITERATIVE DEVELOPMENT WITH LIMITATIONS ON TIME
Authors: Grebenuk Olexandr , Pavlenko Volodymyr
Published: February 2020

The application of ports and adapters architecture (other names bulbous, layered, hexagonal) in iterative software development is considered in accordance with the requirements that come in chronological order in the practical example. Each iteration is supported by the schema architecture, problems encountered and their solution. The expediency of using the considered architecture in the iterative development of software with time constraints is shown. The system of collecting data on the concentration of carbon dioxide of the environment and air temperature in real time from a distributed network of sensors with a predetermined geolocation for medical institutions was developed. Put sensor information (ID, commissioning date and end date) in the Google Sheets spreadsheet. The data from the sensors should be collected on the server by REST service. The process of PPP in a specific project with significant time constraints is investigated, applying the rules and principles laid down in the architecture of ports and adapters, using the basic metrics to evaluate the complexity of adding new functionality, testing, concurrent development, speed and ease of development; draw conclusions about the conditions when it is appropriate to apply the chosen software design approach, and the ability of such an approach to perceive software requirements changes.
The architecture of ports and adapters is useful if the system has many external integrations (mail service, push messages, databases, reporting system, etc.). The one-way communication with adapters guarantees the integrity of the main algorithmic part of the program. A thorough knowledge of the domain allows you to immediately determine the domain layer. Building a system structure that optimally reflects the domain requires the most time, and it will be costly in the future to correct errors made during the process of defining system layers (interfaces and systems). Domain logic testing is fast due to Unit tests, other tests are easy to write due to the small connectivity between layers. This architecture is not a completely new approach, but it takes the best of OOP, SOLID, DDD and determines how to apply these principles in the best way.
INVESTIGATING THE POSSIBILITY OF IMPROVING TEMPORAL PERFORMANCE OF FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION
Authors: Zubko Roman
Published: February 2020

Basic principles of fractal algorithm of compression of images are presented in this article. The prospects of him are certain further development, perfection and programmatic realization. Among the various methods of code he allows to get most aspect ratios, but requires considerable calculable expenses, the fast-acting of him is not high accordingly. It is needed to mark, that decoding of images does not require such high-powered and resources of the system. Basic efforts were sent to the study, analysis and further development of approaches which are used for the compression of images and allow to decrease the amount of surplus data.
The need for research is due to the high practical value and insufficient processing of the problem of the use of fractal image coding algorithms in information technologies and computer graphics.
An overview and brief analysis of fractal image encoding optimization methods is performed. Options for significantly increasing the compression rate of the fractal algorithm are offered. The characteristics of the most promising options for practical use are given.
The process of fractal transformation is asymmetric. That is, image playback is much faster than compression. The iterative decoding process is not a simple inversion of compression procedures and requires much less time to execute it, making it now possible to use this method to compactly store images on different storage media.
The variant of algorithm, which will allow substantially to promote the fast-acting of fractal code, is offered. The sequence of steps, necessary for decoding of image is described. Classification of modern methods of fractal compression which is based on the topology of blocks is pointed. Thus, the task of storage and graphic information transfer in the most compact kind is actual enough.
Control queue length with non-stationary orders flow
Authors: Ponomarenko Oleksandr , Skripnichenko Andriy
Published: February 2020

According to the results of the analysis of the system of key parameters of network and the specifics of their application for managing the quality of the service of the computer network, it has been established that using the statistical approach one can distinguish between the key parameters of the network. The wireless network has been researched, which gives us ability to build a system management quality of service by policing and shaping of computer traffic.
Thus, the problem of the choice of equipment becomes decisive. The technology of analysis, monitoring and diagnostics is a set of diagnostic tools and methods of their use that allow an objective assessment of the quality of the work of hardware and applications in the network and justify recommendations for improving their work. Now consider them in details.
When using the key parameters of the telecommunication network's efficiency as a complex system with delayed signalling and control information it is possible to predict its state and solve the problems of quality management of the service in real time.
Thus, when using a polling system with feedback on speed of buffer filling to organize queries in a network, stationary queuing can be maintained with non-stationary flow of queries.
In order to develop a method for determining the average value of packet service time based on the Markov model of the behaviour of a network of homogeneous nodes, a wireless network consisting of N nodes was investigated. The main purpose of developing a simulation technique is to find the mean time value of the service packet T, measured from the moment either the packet arrives in the empty queue of the given node, or the end of the service of the previous packet from this queue, either obtaining an ACK acknowledgment, or ending the time interval after the last unsuccessful transmission attempt.
Simple generator of Jupyter Notebook interactive documents from marked up Python programming code
Authors: Kopei Valeryi
Published: February 2020

Jupyter Notebook is widely used for interactive computing in various fields of science and technology. As a rule, Jupyter Notebook documents are created directly in the browser, but it is possible to generate them by software, for example, from Python code that contains Python string literals with Markdown code. Generation from Python code allows you to save documents in an easy-to-edit text format. In addition, in some cases, this Python code can be executed by a standard Python interpreter without having a Jupyter Notebook installed. This provides format flexibility. Currently, there are several tools for converting Python code to a Jupyter Notebook (.ipynb) document. Their disadvantage is either support for old formats or an inconvenient way to mark up cells in a Jupyter Notebook document. The principles of function are described and the Python program is developed for generating interactive Jupyter Notebook documents (.ipynb v4) from the simple marked Python code. The program has the ability to further convert .ipynb to HTML and docx formats. The program can be used to facilitate the creation and editing of documents based on Jupyter Notebook. In comparison with analogues, the program has a simple and clear algorithm based on regular expressions, which allows its simple modification for other tasks. An additional advantage is the simple way of marking Python code on cells, which consists in placing Markdown text blocks in multiline Python literals in quotes and separating code blocks by using ## symbols. An example of creating Python code is provided, which contains a Markdown block with such features as formatting with various fonts, hyperlinks, pictures, program code blocks, LaTeX formulas and tables; a block of code for building interactive graphics using Python libraries Matplotlib and ipywidgets; a block of code that outputs unformatted text and interpretation results of HTML, Markdown, SVG code by the display function from the IPython.display module. An example of converting this code to Jupyter Notebook (including interactive), Markdown, HTML and docx formats is shown.
BASIC SIGNAL CODING METHODS BASED ON GALA CODES
Authors: Grinchyshyn Taras , Sagan Nadyia
Published: February 2020

The theoretical basics of data-free encoding of data based on recurrent GK-codes are presented, analysis and comparison of existing coding methods and their protocols with the proposed method, the principle of GK-codes formation based on Galois code sequence and transmission of coded data-free data are substantiated. The theoretical foundations and principles of signaling codes used to manipulate bit-oriented data streams in computer system information channels are proposed, taking into account the extent of signal space utilization and signal shape, the rate of message transmission and the degree of error protection.
The RSSC provides effective symmetric coding in the form of Galois codes of sequences of zeros and units of a data block, with unambiguous determination of their number that can be used to detect and correct errors after data transmission on computer systems.
A special feature of the structure of this special processor is the symmetrical formation of Galois data bit signs. Moreover, the start of the Galois generator occurs according to the appearance of the first bit of zero or one in the data stream.
New methods of signal-free bit encoding of bit-oriented information flows using Galois field codes have been proposed, which enable the detection and correction of one-time errors without inputting excess data streams transmitted in an optical channel.
Formalization of functional structures of modules of processors of formation of hopeless codes has been formalized, as well as structures of special processors and their components have been developed, which perform the formation of Galois signal corrective codes and implement their algorithmic modeling.
THE METHOD OF MAIN COMPONENTS AND OPTIMIZATION OF PHYSICAL MODELING PACKAGES USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS
Authors: Shadura Oksana
Published: February 2020

The paper shows that high energy physics (FEV) and nuclear physics research are not possible without the use of large computing power and special software for data processing, modeling, and analysis. Combining the classic implementation of evolutionary algorithms with non-teacher machine learning creates a powerful approach that can effectively optimize the performance of complex applications, such as highly parallel applications for modeling particle transport in complex detectors, which depends on a large number of correlated parameters. This approach can be applied to optimize other software packages.
During the work, the analysis of the software used to simulate (simulate) the passage of elementary particles through matter during the processing of experiments at CERN at the Large Andron Collider, in particular, of the new generation GeantV software package was carried out. The analysis allowed us to determine the main factors (memory size, data volume, running time, number of instructions as a fitness function and number of physical events, number of buffered physical events, number of threads and number of preparations) that affect the performance of the calculations and can be used for stochastic optimization of the simulation package performance, as well as the identification of bottlenecks in the functional model GeantV.First, a new genetic operator (NGC operator) is built, which is based on the center-center method component, and completed integration NGK operator in typical genetic algorithm is used to optimize the software package GeantV. Studies have shown that for GeantV, the overall execution time of the batches of simulations was reduced by the proposed modified genetic algorithm, which needed to be proven.
THE INFLUENCE OF FOREST VEGETATION ON THE RADIO COMMUNICATION CONDITIONS OF THE WIRELESS MODULES ZigBee
Authors: Popov Vаlentin
Published: February 2020

This paper, ased on the results of experimental studies of the influence of forest vegetation on the transmission of digital signals in a radio channel for ZigBee technology, testifies that there is a zone (with a radius of about 50 m), within which the influence of forest on the loss of packet information does not occur, is suggested: 1) an empirical calculation model for the linear attenuation coefficient, at this its numerical value for the frequency 2.4 GHz is estimated as to amF = 0.5215 dB/m, which is practically close to the value amF  = 0.5 dB/m. as per Recommendations ITU-R P.833.6., 2) empirical expression determining the dependence of the working attenuation of a radio signal in forest vegetation as the function of the operating frequency and the distance between the transmitting and receiving stations.
NVESTIGATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF DISTRIBUTED INFORMATION
SYSTEMS BASED ON THE PROCESSING OF LARGE AMOUNTS OF DATA
Authors: Klymash Mykhajlo , Hordiichuk — Bublivska Olena , Tchaikovskyi Ihor , Urikova Oksana
Published: February 2020

In this article investigated the features of processing large arrays of information for distributed systems. A method of singular data decomposition is used to reduce the amount of data processed, eliminating redundancy. Dependencies of com­putational efficiency on distributed systems were obtained using the MPI messa­ging protocol and MapReduce node interaction software model. Were analyzed the effici­ency of the application of each technology for the processing of different sizes of data: Non — distributed systems are inefficient for large volumes of information due to low computing performance. It is proposed to use distributed systems that use the method of singular data decomposition, which will reduce the amount of information processed. The study of systems using the MPI protocol and MapReduce model obtained the dependence of the duration calculations time on the number of processes, which testify to the expediency of using distributed computing when processing large data sets. It is also found that distributed systems using MapReduce model work much more efficiently than MPI, especially with large amounts of data. MPI makes it possible to perform calculations more efficiently for small amounts of information. When increased the data sets, advisable to use the Map Reduce model.
VARIABLE METHOD OF SYNTHESIS OF THE ELEMENTAL SIGNAL WITH MINIMUM ENERGY OUTSIDE OF WORKING FREQUENCY
Authors: Lisovyj Ivan , Makarov Igor
Published: February 2020

It is shown in the paper that the synthesis of a signal of the optimum form is an extreme problem, the variational nature of which allows for its solution to apply the ideas and methods of functional analysis. Variational calculus was applied to study the extreme properties of the functional. An expression describing the form of the elementary signal of finite duration with minimum energy outside the working frequency band was obtained.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF SLICE SERVICE RESOURCES IN 5G NETWORKS
Authors: Skulysh Marija , Domracheva Catherina
Published: February 2020

The trend of mobile networks 5G is growing with the increase in the number of users and the speed of transmission. Many operators are turning to small cellular and internal coverage of telecommunication network services. Due to the emergence of software-specific network technologies and virtualization of network functions, the ISP can deploy its networks more flexibly and dynamically. In addition to changing the model for deploying a wireless mobile network, it also determines the tendency for micro-operators to develop (μO). Communication operators can provide regional network services through public buildings, shopping malls or industrial facilities. In addition, localized network services are provided and bandwidth consumption is reduced. The distributed μO architecture meets the computing requirements for applications, data, and services from the cloud data center to the peripheral network devices or the micro-data center μO. The μO service model is able to reduce network latency in response to applications with a low latency for the future 5G boundary computing environment. This article discusses the design of the micro-operator 5G and proposes a mechanism for redirecting flows based on the decision tree (DTBFR) to redirect traffic flows to neighboring service nodes. The DTBFR mechanism allows different microcontrollers to share network resources and accelerate the development of border computing in the future.
TRANSMITTING THE ACCURATE TIME USING THE PTP PROTOCOL FOR AN INTELLECTUAL SMART GRID NETWORK
Authors: Koval V.V , Samkov О.V. , Osinskiy О.L. , Khudyntsev M.M. , Shkliarevskyi I.Y. , Dubovich-Kosteckiy V.G.
Published: February 2020

In the integrated power supply systems SMART-Grid, energy effici-ency, reliability, and survivabilityare ensured, to some extent, by continuous monitoring of the stability of parameters with reference to real-time signals. In accordance with the ІЕЕЕ С37-238-2017 standard, in order to provide power supply system with the time stamps, it is necessary, with respect to the concept of intelligent power sys-tem SMART Grid, to develop and implement the means for reproducing accurate time stamps with a microsecond accuracy. A protocol, which is capable to meet these re-quirements and does not require the development of a dedicated power system is the PTP protocol. The developed state standard of Ukraine DSTU IEC / IEEE 61850-9-3: 2018 defines a number of characteristics of the PTP protocol for both energy and other profiles. A full standardization of PTP protocol in Ukraine requires a development and adoption of the following document-based standards as the state’s ones: IEEE Std 1588 ™ — 2008 or IEC-61588: 2009, IEEE C37.238-2017.
The appropriate schemes have been developed for testing a domestic complex of the US-1588M and US-1588S devices with the use of PtpMon2 software. During the tests, it is envisaged to perform short-term and long-term measurements of time cha­ -racteristics of the synchronization signals generated at the output of US-1588S de-vice. The measurement results are presented as the Time Interval Error (TIE) and Maximum Time Interval Error (MTIE), which is calculated as a maximum value of the TIE array at a given measurement interval by using v1 of the PTPmon2 software. Also, we investigated the complex US-1588, which provides the transmission of accurate time stamps’ signals using the PTP protocol. According to the results of experimental studies, the obtained accuracy of time stamps transmission does not exceed 1  μs, which meets the requirements of the IEEE S37-238-2017 standard to the energy profile of PTP.
The analytical look of the current technologies of the tropospheric and radio-relay
Authors: Narytnyk M.  , Vetoshko I.P.  , Mykryukov S.A.  , Saiko V.G.  , Sarapulov S.V.
Published: February 2020

The relevance of the task of creating a mobile combined station of digital tropospheric and satellite communications of the microwave range, which simultane­ ously operates in 2 modes: horizontal communication and direct visibility, substantiates an analytical review of the current state of tropospheric communication in the world. The technical characteristics of the advanced developments of digital troposphere stations and control systems of foreign companies Comtech Systems, Raytheon Corporation, General Dynamics, Advantech Wireless are presented. It is shown that the RTM-100 tropospheric modem, with a bandwidth of 50 Mbit/s and more, which provides stable communications under multipath conditions when using direct error correction turbocompression (FEC) and supports work with Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) data ports and SNMP protocol is the key Elements for creating a new mobile combined digital troposphere and satellite communications station. The analysis of the current state and development trends of radio-relay communication, as well as the spectrum of widespread use of modern digital radio-relay communication. The OptiX RTN 900, a  new generation of IP-based digital radio relay system with a  split structure, is one of the first systems to support TDM, packet and hybrid transmission platforms. The system supports communication in 2G networks, voice and data services in 3G networks, broadband data services in LTE networks. Radio relay systems of NEC, NERA, Huawei Technologies, ZTE, Nokia Siemens Networks (former Alcatel-Lucent) companies implement adaptive modulation and coding (Adaptive Coding & Modulation — ACM), which allows you to change the parameters of the radio channel when changing the propagation conditions of radio waves and thereby technology AFM allows the operator to reduce their capital costs during the construction of RRL by installing antennas of smaller diameters or by building longer communication intervals. The bandwidth of digital radio relay stations has grown to 5.5 Gb / s (Ericsson) and for this new sections of the millimeter wave range have been mastered: 71…76 GHz, 81...86  GHz. The development of the terahertz frequency range opens up great op­ por­ tunities for a significant increase in throughput and security and secrecy. An analytical analysis showed the promise of creating a  mobile combined station of the digital tropospheric and satellite microwave range, corresponding to the development trends of tropospheric and microwave radio communications, is an urgent task for Ukraine.