bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Activity of Cocoa Ethanolic Extract against Shigella dysenteriae
Authors: Tunjung-Sari Ariza Budi , Suswati Enny , Chusna Mufida Diana , Rianul Setiawan Alfa Rianul Setiawan , Isnaini Alvin , Rizal Mochamad , Wahyudi Teguh , Jati Misnawi
Published: September 2018

Shigella dysenteriae is a gastrointestinal pathogen which shows resistance to antibiotics. A study has been conducted to investigate alternative antibacterial agents, due to the emerging resistance of S. dysenteriae to ciprofloxacin and other antibiotic classes. In this study, antibacterial properties of cocoa ethanolic extract (CEE) and its impact on growth and morphology of S. dysenteriae were evaluated. The effect of CEE on bacterial growth was assayed by using agar-well diffusion method and by observing morphological changes of bacterial cells through the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, CEE was also applied orally to mice infected with S. dysenteriae. The intestinal fluids was cultured in selective medium to evaluate growth of S. dysenteriae colonies. This study demonstrated that CEE at concentrations of 15.6 mg/mL inhibited S. dysenteriae growth, and at concentrations of 500 mg/mL and 1,000 mg/mL exhibited equal activity to 6.5 g/mL of ciprofloxacin. SEM showed that S. dysenteriae cells had formed filaments, indicating that CEE caused cellular stress to S. dysenteriae. In in vivo assay, CEE showed suppression of S. dysenteriae colony in the mice intestine. This research suggests that CEE could potentially be used as antibacterial agent againsts S. dysenteriae.
Determination of Selection Index of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Yield Traits Using Regression Methods
Authors: Setyawan Bayu , . Taryono , Mitrowihardjo Suyadi
Published: September 2018

The increasing chocolate consumption has not been followed by growing production of dry cocoa beans. In order to support the increase in cocoa production, planting materials with high yield are needed. The objective of this research was to determine the components of cocoa traits affecting weight of dry cocoa beans, and set a selection index for superior cocoa trees. The experiment material were four cocoa hybrid populations of which their family ancestry were unknown, and were planted on Samigaluh Plantation, Yogyakarta, and Segayung Plantation, Central Java. Observations and data collection were conducted on four plant populations. The observations were undertaken for three years, by observing plant traits, including pod length, pod diameter, husk thickness, cavity diameter, pod fresh weight, cocoa bean/pod fresh weight, husk fresh weight, dry weight of cocoa beans/pod, number of cocoa beans/pod, dry weight per cocoa bean. The collected data were analyzed using path and regression analysis methods. The results showed that pod diameter (X4), fresh pod weight (X5), number of cocoa beans/pod (X8), and dry weight/cocoa bean (X9) were used to form a selection index resulting the equation I = 0.0792 X4 + 0.1330 X5 + 0.0106 X8 + 0.1349 X9 furthermore will be used in the selection of cocoa trees. Ten cocoa plants from seeds having the highest general selection index were D 034, D 003, D 015, A 054, D 004, D 033, D 041, A 157, D 036, and D 025 will be selected for further evaluation.
Book review: The science communication challenge. Truth and disagreement in democratic knowledge societies
Authors: Faehnrich Birte
Published: September 2018

The Science Communication Challenge by Gitte Meyer, a Danish science communication scholar with a previous career in science journalism, is a collection of essays on the interrelationships among science, society and politics in modern knowledge societies. The book is valuable as it contributes to the important debate on the “whys” (instead of the “hows”) of science communication and its (long term) impact on science and society. However, it does not present explicit solutions to the questions in focus but rather reads as a large patchwork of ideas, theories and concepts which require readers to have at least some basic knowledge.
Vigías en el Yucatán novohispano: nota para un estudio complementario entre las torres costeras de España y las de la América hispana
Authors: Victoria Jorge
Published: September 2018

En este artículo el autor aborda un tema desconocido en los estudios de la historia militar de la América hispana colonial: las vigías de la costa. Debido a sus reducidas dimensiones y a que fueron construidas con materiales perecederos, los estudios referentes al sistema defensivo no han incluido esas pequeñas obras, a pesar de que fueron parte imprescindible de éste. Las notas que se presentan son un resumen de la investigación realizada en las vigías de Yucatán, México, donde existieron durante más de 300 años, cuya historia se comparó y complementó con la historia de las vigías existentes en la España árabe e hispana. Su estudio abre una puerta a nuevas investigaciones de tipo económico, social y político, a partir del mundo costero.
Los poderes del sermón: Antonio Ossorio de las Peñas, un predicador en la Nueva Granada del siglo XVII
Authors: Arce Escobar Viviana
Published: September 2018

Los sermones del predicador neogranadino Antonio Ossorio de las Peñas se toman como ejemplo para mostrar las intenciones reales de estos mensajes doctrinales, que ofrecen la posibilidad de conocer las líneas programáticas de la transmisión de valores y virtudes cristianas. Los sermones propagados en tiempos coloniales eran discursos de carácter religioso con contenido político. Su finalidad real era la de construir modelos ideales de comportamiento de los sujetos barrocos para establecer un cuerpo social que no perturbara los objetivos de una política tradicional e imperialista. Para ello es necesario estudiar la relación entre la proclamación del sermón y la teatralización que caracterizaba el ceremonial de la prédica. La palabra dramatizada y el teatro trabajaron de la mano para impregnar en un amplio número de individuos el mensaje de Dios, del cual se apropiaba la Corona.
'A melhor parte de mim'. As epístolas matrimonias de Pêro Andrade Caminha
Authors: Shibata Ricardo Hiroyuki
Published: September 2018

Em dois momentos particularmente impressionantes da história da epistolografia, Pêro Andrade Caminha (1520-1580), um dos mais importantes poetas da Literatura Portuguesa do século XVI, escreveu sobre o casamento cristão. Tratava-se de uma nova temática na qual Caminha emulava e expandia o modelo horaciano das epístolas em verso. As duas cartas de Andrade Caminha – a primeira, endereçada a Alexandre Farnese e a segunda, a D. Miguel de Noronha – tomaram como referência o epitalâmio, um gênero literário dedicado aos noivos. A partir disso, é possível investigar a concepção da temática do casamento como verdadeira amizade e, em perspectiva complementar, a poesia como valor aristocrático e espiritual.
'Amerika', de Franz Kafka: de pai para filho
Authors: Pimentel Davi Andrade
Published: September 2018

Este artigo analisa, no romance O desaparecido ou Amerika, de Franz Kafka, a configuração da lei paterna enquanto sistema opressor que julga e sentencia o filho segundo uma lei-conceito predefinida, que acaba por tornar esse julgamento uma ficção. Dois territórios democráticos, um utópico e outro real, apresentam-se como o cenário do julgamento, da sentença e do castigo do filho. Diante da lei do pai, o filho não dispõe de nenhuma possibilidade de escolha, pois se encontra enredado em um pecado original que, antes de sua própria existência, já o tinha sentenciado como culpado. No desenvolvimento deste artigo, três narrativas curtas de Kafka são apresentadas como exercício de reflexão sobre essa lei paterna autocrática, são elas: A metamorfose, O veredicto e Carta ao pai. Textos de Jacques Derrida, “Préjugés: devant la loi”, e de Jacques Rancière, “O continente democrático”, dão a este artigo uma estrutura teórica pela qual a lei paterna kafkiana pode ser pensada.
O direito à “outra” memória – sobre 'Ainda estou aqui', de Marcelo Rubens Paiva
Authors: Magalhães Santos Guidio Milena Cláudia
Published: September 2018

Este texto trata do livro de memórias Ainda estou aqui, de Marcelo Rubens Paiva, naquilo que permite pensar que questões acerca da tomada de posição do escritor, do uso de arquivos, da vida enquanto matéria viva da ficção, embora sejam postas, geralmente, como uma certa conformação da literatura aos ditames do presente, podem, ao contrário, ressaltar modos como o literário, na constituição de seu ter-lugar,  não se isenta de apontar os limites de outros discursos, em uma espécie de altercação contra o já dito. A montagem documental do livro de Paiva, na qual são dispostos artigos de jornais, peças processuais, depoimentos, e, mesmo, fotografia, faz com que a história seja decomposta, expondo a violência com que se constrói. Sem autocomiseração, o autor expõe dois lutos: aquele que teve início com a tortura e morte de seu pai, o deputado Rubens Paiva, pela ditadura militar brasileira e o que vivencia no momento em que escreve, quando acompanha o desenvolvimento do Alzheimer em sua mãe, Eunice Paiva. Ele traça o perfil da protagonista, que, nos lampejos de lucidez, repete: “Ainda estou aqui”, apontando como o luto sem fim pelo pai e o luto por etapas da mãe são narrativas que dizem muito sobre o estado de coisas do presente. Esta leitura baseia-se, sobretudo, em reflexões de Didi-Huberman, Jacques Rancière e Jacques Derrida acerca do político, de tomadas de posição e de democracia.
O poeta insone
Authors: Alves Fabio Cesar
Published: September 2018

O objetivo do artigo é o de compreender, por meio da análise do poema “Campo, chinês e sono”, de A rosa do povo (1945), a maneira pela qual Carlos Drummond de Andrade responde, crítica e criativamente, às composições cabralinas de Pedra do sono, pautadas pela tentativa de dessubjetivação e esquecimento de si. Para esse fim, o texto se vale da correspondência entre os autores e de formulações teóricas do próprio Cabral. A resposta poética e política de Drummond em “Campo, chinês e sono”, no qual se pressente utopicamente a construção de uma sociedade justa e emancipada, permite repensar também a suposta intransitividade de alguns dos poemas herméticos de A rosa do povo.
Securities Law Expertise and Corporate Disclosure
Authors: Bozanic Zahn , Choudhary Preeti , Merkley Kenneth J.
Published: September 2018

We examine whether securities lawyers involved in SEC comment letter inquiries act as client advocates by resisting disclosure changes or as gatekeepers by encouraging disclosure transparency. Consistent with an advocacy role, we find that securities lawyers' involvement in SEC comment letters is associated with resisting disclosure inquiries through redacting information from filings and issuing fewer amendments to previous disclosures. Our evidence also supports the view that the role of securities lawyers extends beyond the specific inquiry; their involvement is associated with improved readability and more cautionary language in the subsequent 10-K, and fewer future restatements and comment letters. Last, we find that securities lawyers serve more of an advocacy role when proprietary costs are high and when the inquiry involves a possible amendment, but more of a gatekeeper role when an inquiry is more complex.

JEL Classifications: M41
PHENOMENON OF DEMIKHOV. In the Sklifosovsky Institute (1960–1986). The Institute Scientific Session dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the Sheremetev hospital foundation (November 16–18, 1960)
Authors: Glyantsev S. P.
Published: September 2018

The article has covered the first 5 months of V.P. Demikhov's working at N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine (since June 1960), and described the Institute Scientific Session held in November 1960 and dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the Sheremetev hospital foundation. Among the issues at that session, the topic of coronary artery failure and its treatment was discussed. However, V.P. Demikhov's presentation on his original technique of direct myocardial revascularization by means of forming the anastomosis between the internal mammary and coronary arteries was greeted coolly. The author believes that, probably, at that time, in November 1960, the idea of making such an operation in clinic could occur to Dr. V.I. Kolesov, one of the Session participants from Leningrad, and he embodied the idea in 1964 after he had mastered the V.P. Demikhov's technique in the experiment.
EFFECT OF B VITAMINS IN FEED ON EMBRYONIC AND EARLY POST-EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF CAT SHARK IN EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Fedyushina Natalia Anatol’evna , Sokolov Andrey Vladimirovich , Baltyzhakov Ilya Sergeyevich
Published: September 2018

The article describes the problem of optimization of feeding cat sharks in the aquarium environment at the exposition of the Museum of the World Ocean in relation to the loss of vitamins in the course of freezing fish and squids that make a part of shark feed. In the process of studying the influence of added to the feed vitamins of B group (thiamine, pyridoxine, riboflavin, cyanocobalamin) onto cat shark organism at different stages of ontogenesis there have been found a positive results: improvement of the physiological state of cat shark juveniles and acceleration of the terms of eggs incubation. To exclude possible bacterial diseases the experiment was conducted after termination of microbiological study that revealed presence of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria causing red spot disease in cat sharks under violation of living conditions. In the course of the experiment there were studied size-weight characteristics of cat shark juveniles, taken measuring of eggs and juvenile species, searched various anomalies in eggs. There have been recorded the indices of the internal organs of cat shark juveniles, namely heart, spleen and liver indexes, erythrocytes number and hemoglobin concentration in blood using Foulton and Clark fatness factors. According to the results of the study, it has been stated that sharks taking feed with added vitamins successfully adapt to environmental conditions and their offsprings less suffer from factors of negative impact. It has been inferred that B vitamins has a positive effect on growing cat sharks in the aquarium environment.
Book-Talk: An Activity to Motivate Learners to Read Autonomously in a Foreign Language
Authors: Nishizawa Hitoshi , Yoshioka Takayoshi , Ichikawa Yuri
Published: September 2018

In the last decade, extensive reading (ER) had been incorporated into English as a foreign language (EFL) education in various Japanese institutions. It restored the once broken balance of accuracy and fluency in traditional English education, and assisted reluctant EFL learners to start reading. However, ER required rather longer term for elementary learners to enjoy its benefits and the learners needed an extra encouragement to continue ER for the longer term. Book-talk was such an activity to encourage learners to read voluntary and to improve their language skills additionally. In a book-talk, several learners sat around a table, introduced the books they had read during the week, and accepted questions and comments from the others in turn. It also fitted well in lessons because 3-minute talks and 2-minute Q&A of six members took only 30 minutes. We will report how the activity motivated elder students, who had three or more years’ experience of ER, to continue their reading outside the class, and how it encouraged autonomous ER of adult EFL learners, who were reading English books borrowing from the college library. A combination of few talks and many readings worked well in EFL settings.
Multicultural Education and Educational Process at Slovak Universities
Authors: Sirotova Mariana
Published: September 2018

Migration issues and the development of social relations to people of different cultures make multicultural education a frequently discussed topic in Slovakia these days. When it comes to culture, diversity, variety and plurality dominate because of the existence, as well as interactions, of different ethnicities, races or nations. School education focuses on drawing attention to the existence of such differences or specificities, therefore multicultural education is becoming more and more important. At higher education institutions, multicultural education is especially important in case of the students who are to become teachers themselves. Development of positive qualities and approaches, including the acceptance of cultural differences, should necessarily be a part of the pre-gradual preparation of teachers. The article presents a content analysis of student essays on the perception and understanding of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as was one of the elements of multicultural education at HEIs.
The Visegrad Group as an Ambitious Actor of (Central-)European Foreign and Security Policy
Authors: Cabada Ladislav , Waisová Šárka
Published: September 2018

Even after achieving its goals, i.e. the entrance of member states into NATO and the EU, the Visegrad Group has managed to profile itself as a significant collective actor. Analyses to date clearly show that the group is able to function as a distinct and even key actor in various policies, including those within the EU; this statement is without doubt valid primarily for the region of the European neighborhood policy and the Eastern partnership, but also for enlargement policy and its clear targeting of the Western Balkans. We can also observe a highly proactive approach in issues linked to security, primarily in the energy sector and recently also cyber security. Nonetheless, all of these and many other significant V4 activities have been overshadowed of late by dispute between the group and a significant portion of members states on perspectives regarding the migration crisis including the tools to deal with it or preventive measures to prevent it from continuing or repeating. This stance on the issue, however, can be seen as proof of the relative power and success of the V4.
Helminths of the Mallard, Anas Platyrhynchos (Aves, Anatidae), in Ukraine: Analysis of the Diversity in Mixed Forest Zone and the Black Sea Region
Authors: Syrota Ya. Yu. , Greben O. B. , Poluda A. M. , Maleha O. M. , Lisitsyna O. I. , Kornyushin V. V.
Published: September 2018

Thirty-eight Mallards were collected on the territory of Ukrainian Polissia to study the fauna of their gastro-intestinal helminths. Materials were collected in 1998-2000, 2014 and 2016 on the territory of Volyn and Chernihiv Regions. In total, 33 species of helminths were found. Th e prevalence of cestode infection was 78.9 %. We found 18 cestode species: Aploparaksis furcigera, Cloacotaenia megalops, Dicranotaenia coronula, Diorchis acuminatus, D. stefanskii, Fimbriaria fasciolaris, F. teresae, Microsomacanthus compressa, M. spiralibursata, M. paracompressa, M. paramicrosoma, M. parvula, M. hopkinsi, Platyscolex ciliata, Retinometra venusta, Sobolevicanthus aculeostyleticus, S. gracilis, S. stolli. Th e prevalence of trematode infection was 73.7 %. Th ere were 10 trematode species: Bilharziella polonica, Apatemon gracilis, Echinoparyphium aconitum, E. cinctum, Echinostoma revolutum group, Hypoderaeum conoideum, Notocotylus attenuatus, Parastrigea robusta, Prosthogonimus ovatus, P. cuneatus.Th e prevalence of nematode infection was 7.9 %. Th ere were four nematode species: Capillaria anatis, Capillariidae gen. sp., Eucoleus contorta, Tetrameres fi ssispina. Th e prevalence of an acanthocephalan Filicollis anatis was 18.4 %. Th e most common species of helminths were A. furcigera, B. polonica, A. gracilis, Echinostoma revolutum group, F. fasciolaris, H. conoideum. Th e helminth faunas of Mallards from the territory of Ukrainian Polissia and from the Black Sea Region of Ukraine were compared. Th e results of comparison demonstrated a high level of their qualitative similarity.
Metazoan Parasites and Health State of European Eel, Anguilla Anguilla (Anguilliformes, Anguillidae), From Tonga Lake and El Mellah Lagoon in the Northeast of Algeria
Authors: Bakaria F. , Belhaoues S. , Djebbari N. , Tahri M. , Ladjama I. , Bensaad L.
Published: September 2018

The aim of the study was to examine metazoans parasite communities of European eels (Anguilla anguilla) in freshwater (Tonga Lake) and brackish water (El Mellah lagoon) in the northeast of Algeria. Six parasite taxa were collected: one monogenean, Pseudodactylogyrus sp.; two crustaceans, Ergasilus sp. and Argulus foliaceus; two nematodes, Cucullanus sp. and Anguillicola crassus; one cestode, Bothriocephalus claviceps. Th e most prevalent parasite taxa in freshwater were Pseudodactylogyrus sp., A. crassus and Bothriocephalus claviceps; whereas in the brackish water, eels were infected mainly with A. crassus. Th e characteristics of the parasite component community structure revealed low parasite species diversity and high dominance values in eels from the two localities. Both communities were dominated by a single parasite species: Tonga eels by the monogenean Pseudodactylogyrus sp. and El Mellah lagoon eels by the nematode A. crassus, verified by high Berger-Parker dominance values of 0.76 and 0.87 respectively.
The First Record of Parthenitae and Cercariae of Plagiorchis Multiglandularis (Trematoda, Plagiorchiidae) in Lymnaea Stagnalis in Ukraine
Authors: Zhytova E. P.
Published: September 2018

Parthenitae and cercariae of Plagiorchis. multiglandularis Semenov, 1927 are recorded in Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758) for the fi rst time in Ukraine; their morphological characteristics are specifi ed. Diagnostic characters of P. multiglandularis parthenitae and cercariae found in Ukrainian Polissia are compared with those from other regions. To confi rm the validity of the species, a comparison of the morphometric data of this trematode larvae with the cercariae of Plagiorchis elegans (Rudolphi, 1802) Braun, 1902, found in molluscs L. stagnalis, L. ralustris and L. corvuses, was performed. It was determined that P. multiglandularis cercariae diff er from those of P. elegans in size and position of the penetration glands.
Species Structure of Oribatid Mite Population (Acari, Oribatea) in the Forest Floor Litter in the Reclaimed Territories (Ukraine)
Authors: Didur O. O. , Kulbachko Yu. L. , Pakhomov O. Ye.
Published: September 2018

The features of the structure of the population of oribatid mites (Oribatida) as primary destructors of dead plant material that provide such ecosystem service as improvement of soil fertility are considered. Studies were performed in various stratigraphic types of artifi cial edaphotopes in the reclaimed sites of “Pavlogradskaya” query (Pavlograd, Dnipropetrovsk Region, Ukraine), which were planted with eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana Linnaeus). Th e amount of oribatid mite species in the forest litter of studied forest plantation varied from 16 to 25. Minimal number of species (16) and minimal population density of oribatid mites (4720 ind./m2) was established for calcic chernozem topsoil type with sand interlayer, which can be explained by lower thickness of the forest fl oor litter within this reclamation type.
Formal Synthesis of Actinoranone Using a Racemization-Free One-Pot Semipinacol Rearrangement/Wittig Reaction
Authors: Menger Martina , Christmann Mathias
Published: September 2018

Here, we report a formal synthesis of the marine cytotoxic meroterpenoid actinoranone. Key steps include a racemization-free semipinacol rearrangement/Wittig reaction sequence and a chiral pool approach for the syntheses of the tetralone and the decalin fragments, respectively. The presented route provides access to the natural product in 14 steps in the longest linear sequence.
Thermally-Triggered Effervescent Mixing for Assay Automation
Authors: Goertz John , Lippe Andrew , White Ian
Published: September 2018

Meltable barriers are an attractive means to achieve controlled delivery of reagents in a variety of settings, enabling assays to be performed through thermal automation instead of manual addition of reactants. However, mixing kinetics in such systems can be slow due to the lack of active flow or mechanical shaking. We demonstrate a new strategy for hands-free, thermally-automated agitation of biochemical reactions. Reagents for binary effervescent reactions are lyophilized then capped with a phase-change partition, eicosane. This barrier can be melted at moderate temperatures, at which point an aqueous solution dissolves the reactants, generating bubbles that mix the solution through convection. We explore reactions that generate bubbles of carbon dioxide and oxygen gasses, characterizing the induced mixing rate of two aqueous solutions with dissimilar densities. This strategy affords control over the initiation and duration of convective mixing, providing a tool for thermal automation of biochemical reactions with efficient reaction kinetics.
Revisión crítica de la dimensión Gobierno Corporativo en los cuestionarios de los Índices de Sostenibilidad
Authors: Andreu Pinillos Alberto , Fernández-Fernández José-Luis , Fernández Mateo Joaquín
Published: September 2018

Los índices globales de sostenibilidad más utilizados por las empresas (FTSE4Good, CDP, MSCI, Goldman Sachs, SUSTAINALYTICS, DJSI), dedican una parte de su análisis a los aspectos del gobierno corporativo, ya que se ha demostrado empíricamente la existencia de una correlación entre la dimensión del gobierno y el éxito de la sostenibilidad. Sin embargo, a pesar de esta unanimidad en incluir los aspectos de gobierno, los índices no comparten ni objetivos, ni metodología, ni un cuestionario común, por lo que es complejo tener una visión global sobre qué aspectos vinculados al gobierno corporativo tienen mayor impacto en la sostenibilidad. La oportunidad de la investigación radica en hacer una revisión crítica sobre el tratamiento que ofrecen actualmente los índices de sostenibilidad a la dimensión gobierno corporativo, para conocer si, como consecuencia de la ausencia de una metodología común, se está preguntando por todas las variables que se deberían tener en cuenta, o están obviando algunas.
Importance of the Chaetotaxy in Larval Identification of Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) along with some Notes on its Life History
Authors: Deep D. S. , Rose H. S. , Pathania P. C.
Published: September 2018

Earlier studies on identification of Galleria mellonella emphasized mainly on characterization of wing venation and maculation, larval or pupal morphology and other taxonomic characters such as male and female genitalia. The larval identification and diagnostic characters of pest species can best be strengthen through diagnosis of the setal arrangement and position of punctures present of different larval body segments. The cephalic region and all the bodily segments such as thoracic, abdominal etc of the last instar larva of Greater waxmoth, Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus) belonging to family (Pyralidae) have been examined along with some biological aspects.
Two New Species of Cricket Frogs of the Genus Fejervarya bolkay, 1915 (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from the Peninsular India
Authors: Raj Prudhvi , Dinesh K. P. , Das Abhijit , Dutta Sushil K. , Kar Niladri B. , Mohapatra Pratyush P.
Published: September 2018

The Dicroglossidae frogs of genus Fejervarya Bolkay, 1915 are morphologically cryptic and represented by one of the widespread group of frogs across the tropical Asia comprising about 45 species. Being morphologically cryptic, taxonomic status for many of the species remains uncertain. Recent studies using integrative taxonomic approach have revealed the existence of many novel and hitherto undescribed species. Herewith, we describe two new species of Fejervarya viz. Fejervarya kalinga sp. nov. and Fejervarya krishnan sp. nov. from peninsular India having morphological and phylogenetic distinctness. Detailed morphological descriptions and comparisons with the known congeners along with their systematic relationship inferred from phylogenetic analyses are presented herein. Taxonomic problems within the genus for the peninsular India and the pattern of phylogenetic relationships are also presented.
Archival sea turtles in National Zoological Collections of Zoological Survey of India
Authors: Kundu Shantanu , Kumar Vikas , Murthy B. H. C. K. , Chandra Kailash
Published: September 2018

The archival zoological collections are the foundation of taxonomic nomenclature and systematics research. Name-bearing zoological collection of a species or subspecies and their comparative data often resolved many ambiguities in systematics, distribution patterns and other biological information. In this study, we revisited the sea turtles collections available at Zoological Survey of India and Indian Museum Gallery. The aimed study may reconcile the previous and present range distribution of this oldest faunal component in Indian waters. The detailed collateral data of the studied species would substantiate to know the actual range distribution, estimate the anthropogenic threats, and effect of climate change in estuarine eco-system, which helps in better conservation strategies.
Earthworm diversity and abundance in different habitats at Satyajit Ray Film and Television Institute, Kolkata
Authors: Goswami Rinku
Published: September 2018

An ecological survey of earthworms was conducted at Satyajit Ray Film and Television Institute (SRFTI), Kolkata for the period of one year during August 2016-July 2017. The aim of the present study is to determine the abundance and diversity of earthworms under different land use pattern. Earthworms were collected from three different sites in SRFTI based on environment niches like grasslands, residential areas, bank of the water bodies etc., by hand sorting method. Total 8 species of earthworms were identified from 537 specimens collected and abundance plot of earthworm species were arranged by rank. The highest relative abundance of Metaphire posthuma found at the bank of water bodies, Metaphire peguana and Metaphire posthuma in residential areas and Metaphire peguana in grassland habitat, whereas the lowest relative abundance of Metaphire houlleti found in all the habitats. The highest number of species and genera were recorded in the residential areas, the least in grassland habitat. The diversity value also was highest in the residential areas with the lowest in grassland habitat. Though the highest evenness value found in the bank of the water bodies. The Dominance (d) Index value was the highest in grassland habitat with the lowest in the residential areas. The highest similarity was observed between bank of water bodies and grassland habitat.
Equipment Life-cycle Management based on Private Blockchain and Smart Contract
Authors: Peng Guicang , Ai Songpu , Zhang Li , Rong Chunming , Markeset Tore
Published: September 2018

Equipment management is gradually becoming more decentralized, and in many cases, the equipment owner, operator, maintainer and inspector are not the same legal entity. This slows down equipment data transmission between stakeholders and reduces business and technical process automation. In this paper we dis-cussed the use of a distributed ledger concept and propose to use private block-chain together with smart contract to resolve these challenges and to create a more automated and surveillance-free equipment lifecycle management process.
Hubungan Lama Membaca dan Menggunakan Komputer Dengan Ametropia pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Hang Tuah Semester VII Tahun Ajaran 2016-2017
Authors: ANGRIYANTO KEVIN
Published: September 2018

Latar Belakang: Ametopia merupakan kelainan refraksi pada mata yang dapat menyebabkan kebutaan. Faktor lingkungan seperti kebiasaan beraktivitas dalam jarak dekat termasuk bermain komputer dan membaca dalam jarak dekat merupakan salah satu faktor resiko yang memegang peranan penting pada terjadinya ametropia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah aktivitas melihat jarak dekat berpengaruh  terhadap ametropia mahasiswa FK Hangtuah semester VII.

Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif.  Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hang Tuah semester VII sebanyak 70 orang. Data tentang lama membaca dan menggunakan komputer pada mahasiswa diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuisioner, sedangkan status refraksi mahasiswa diperoleh dengan menggunakan Snellen chart dan kartu kacamata.

Hasil: Dari 70 sampel, perempuan 38 (54,3%) dan laki – laki 32 (45,7%).  Didapatkan 43 orang (61,4%) menderita ametropia sedangkan 27 orang (38,6%) tidak menderita miopia. Analisa data menggunakan korelasi Spearman menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara membaca dan menggunakan komputer dengan resiko terjadinya ametropia dengan nilai p<0,05 (p<α) dengan hubungan yang searah.

Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara lama melihat dari jarak dekat dengan resiko ametropia pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hang Tuah semester VII.

 

Kata Kunci: Lama membaca, lama menggunakan komputer, aktivitas melihat dekat, ametropia
Venetian Indology
Authors: Boccali Giuliano
Published: September 2018

The essay traces the studies and academic responsibilities covered by all those scholars who have taught and teach Indological disciplines at Ca’ Foscari, at every level, as well as of those who have studied at Ca’ Foscari and have earned a position abroad or in other Italian universities. The author outlines the expansion of Indological Studies in Venice and the rich network of international relations established by Venetian Indologists.
Japanese Studies in Venice from 1964 to Present Day
Authors: Bienati Luisa , Boscaro Adriana , Ruperti Bonaventura
Published: September 2018

This paper traces the history of Japanese Studies in Ca’ Foscari University from the foundation of the Course in Oriental Languages and Literature in 1965 to this day. Furthermore, the paper outlines the state of the research in Japanese Studies describing profiles, the scientific production, methods and lines of research of the professors, researchers and scholars in Ca’ Foscari University. The range of Japanese Studies is based on a long standing tradition and includes Japanese Language, Literature, Philology and Linguistic, History and Institutions, Economics, Society, Politic and International Relations, Religion, Philosophy and Cultural Anthropology, Figurative and Performing Arts, Fine Arts, Theatre, Film and Visual Culture, etc.
Code-Switching in CLIL: the Students’ Perception
Authors: Zanoni Francesca
Published: September 2018

The aim of the present study is to investigate the nature of code-switching in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) classes from the students’ point of view. After a brief review of the literature concerning CLIL and the issue of code-switching, the implementation of CLIL in the school system of the Italian Autonomous Province of Trento (PAT) will be outlined as data, gathered by means of anonymous questionnaires were administered in four different high schools of this province. Data analysis will lead to deeper understanding of the reasons for students’ and teachers’ code-switching in CLIL classes. Ultimately, this paper contributes to the CLIL literature as it provides an insight into student’s perception of code-switching, which is a widespread linguistic strategy used in CLIL classes.
Calidad del agua en el tramo bajo del río Negro (Chaco, Argentina)
Authors: Poi Alicia Susana G. , Patiño Carlos A. , Neiff Juan José , Ramos Abel O.
Published: September 2018

Las principales características físicas, químicas y biológicas fueron medidas entre noviembre de 1999 y mayo de 2002 en 4 sitios ubicados en el cauce principal del río Negro. En los sitios 1 y 2 los humedales y bosques con baja ocupación humana constituyen el paisaje característico que bordea al curso principal. Los sitios 3 y 4 están afectados por descargas domésticas e industriales, aunque la producción de tanino fue de menor volumen en los últimos años. La composición química del agua superficial estuvo influenciada por la estacionalidad de las lluvias y el lavado de suelos ricos en sales de los humedales hacia el canal del río. La conductividad eléctrica del agua durante las sequías fue más alta que la registrada después de las lluvias. La salinidad fluctuó de manera semejante entre 82,7 mg.l-1 y 6500 mg.l-1. La concentración promedio de fósforo total fue alta (1053 µg.l-1) y el pH neutro o ligeramente alcalino. En el sitio 4, el contenido de materia orgánica (DQO=385 mg.l-1) aumentó significativamente durante el periodo de aguas bajas. No se encontraron residuos de 27 plaguicidas y compuestos organoclorados en los sedimentos del fondo de los sitios muestreados. El contenido de Plomo y Cadmio de los sedimentos estuvo debajo del límite de detección. Los valores de Cromo varió entre 14 y 22 µg.g de sedimento seco, dependiendo del sitio estudiado. Diez especies de plantas acuáticas fueron recolectadas en el Sitio 1 que se caracterizó por baja velocidad de flujo. La riqueza de macrófitas disminuyó aguas abajo. La ocurrencia de algunas especies, tales como Hydrocotyle ranunculoides y Ceratophyllum demersum, estuvo relacionada con la buena disponibilidad de fósforo. La biomasa de algas indicada por la concentración de clorofila a fue baja en todos los sitios estudiados (inferior a 20 µg.l-1).
Efecto de la excentricidad de la órbita electrónica del átomo de H en el cálculo del poder de frenado en la colisión de un protón con un átomo de H(ls), mediante el método CTMC
Authors: Rodríguez Aguirre J. M. , Custidiano E. , Jakas M. M.
Published: September 2018

Se aplicó el método de trayectorias clásicas monte carlo (CTMC) al cálculo de las secciones eficaces de ionización, captura, excitación y stopping total de la colisión de un protón con un átomo de hidrógeno. Se utilizó las ecuaciones del movimiento planetario de Kepler para representar el electrón 1s en el campo Coulombiano del protón y se generaron las condiciones iniciales del electrón mediante la función de distribución microcanónica. Se consideraron las excentricidades ε=0.75, ε=0.001 y ε= aleatoria (en el rango [0,1]) para el cálculo de las secciones eficaces y stopping total. Los resultados muestran que las secciones eficaces para ε=0.75 y ε=aleatoria coinciden entre sí, no así para ε=0.001; mientras que para el stopping total los resultados reproducen bien los resultados experimentales de energías intermedias y altas
El mapa social del Estado de Guerrero (México), 2010 : construcción basada en el cálculo de Puntajes de Clasificación Espacial
Authors: Villerías Alarcón Iliana , Buzai Gustavo D.
Published: September 2018

La realización de mapas sociales constituye una clara aproximación para comprender e intervenir para mejorar la realidad socio-espacial de la población. La Geografía, desde la línea temática del análisis espacial cuantitativo con Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG), utiliza diversa metodología para su creación. Mediante el cálculo de puntajes de clasificación espacial (PCE), el objetivo de este trabajo es realizar el mapa social del Estado de Guerrero (México) a partir de la combinación de variables de beneficio (Índice de Educación, Bienes, Población Económicamente Activa, Producto Interno Bruto y Grado de Escolaridad) y de costo (Hacinamiento, Pobreza, Población no derechohabiente, Población de 15 años y más analfabeta y Marginación). El resultado final se presenta como una síntesis de las distribuciones espaciales de variables y se convierte en una herramienta que apoya todo proceso de toma de decisión territorial destinado a mejorar la calidad de vida de la población en el área de estudio.
Transición de la natalidad de Siles (Jaén) en el siglo XX : tasa bruta, proporción secundaria por sexos, generalidad, ilegitimidad y estacionalidad
Authors: Beteta Avio Ramón
Published: September 2018

En el presente trabajo se analiza la transición de la tasa bruta, proporción secundaria por sexos, gemelaridad, ilegitimidad y estacionalidad de la natalidad en la población de Siles (Jaén) a lo largo del siglo XX. Se ha fotografiado digitalmente e informatizado todas las actas de bautizos registradas desde 1900 a 1999 en los libros originales de la parroquia del pueblo, y tomado datos en el Registro Civil, totalizando 10.793 nacimientos. La tasa bruta ha pasado de 51,44‰ en 1900 a 11,51‰ en 1999. Se registra para la centuria una tasa de masculinidad del 102,65. Las frecuencias de gemelos presentan un índice total de gemeralidad de 8,98‰; el 4,447‰ en la dizigótica y el 4,54‰ en la monozigótica. La tasa global de ilegitimidad observada es del 4,52%. La estacionalidad registra máximos en el mes de agosto y mínimos en noviembre y diciembre. Se estima que la emigración ha sido el factor que más ha influido en la transición de la natalidad. 
La Geografía Política que aprendimos y enseñamos, rupturas y continuidades necesarias : una reflexión a modo de ensayo
Authors: Falcón Vilma Lilian
Published: September 2018

El presente es un Ensayo producto de la reflexión personal surgida ante una propuesta de evaluación dada en un seminario de posgrado y en el marco de desarrollo del tema la geopolítica tradicional argentina y la concepción nacionalista del territorio. En ese contexto, el interés de este trabajo es recuperar algunas ideas acerca de la Geografía Política que hemos aprendido en el proceso de escolarización formal y en el trayecto de formación académica universitaria, revisando algunos temas y contenidos que permanecieron en los programas de la asignatura específica que se enseña en la carrera de Geografía y cuyo currículo revela, de algún modo, la influencia del pensamiento geopolítico tradicional clásico por lo menos hasta los inicios del nuevo siglo. A partir de allí se intenta dar cuenta de la progresiva incorporación de nuevos temas de estudio, nuevas categorías de análisis o re-conceptualizaciones que se fueron dando conforme el avance de la propia disciplina en general y de la Geografía Política en particular.
Cuantificación de la incidencia del enso en las nevadas de los Andes Áridos de Sudamérica en el periodo 1909-2015
Authors: Poblete Arnobio German , Vera Maria Jose
Published: September 2018

La población de Cuyo asocia el evento ENSO, con el monto de las nevadas en los Andes Áridos de manera directa, es decir, “Niño= Nevada”, “Niña= No Nevada”, teniendo en cuanta que de éstas depende el recurso hídrico que hace posible la existencia de los Oasis Cuyanos y las áreas agropecuarias de Chile Central. Existen innumerables artículos que investigaron dicha asociación, sin embargo, son pocos los que se enfocan en la discriminación precisa de esa relación. La conexión entre el ENSO y los derrames de los ríos cuyanos y chilenos fue tratada por diversos autores, pero en la mayoría de los casos abordaron su variabilidad sin cuantificar con precisión la incidencia de ese evento en los mismos. Este trabajo, haciendo uso del índice Niño 3+4, se propone cuantificar las aseveraciones respecto de dicha relación directa, en el período abril-septiembre, mediante herramientas estadísticas específicas y no paramétricas.
Respuesta inmune humoral en vaquillonas vacunadas contra Tritrichomonas foetus y desafiadas con toros infectados
Authors: Riccio M. B. , Achilles M. E. , Cano D. , Lázaro L. , Cano A. , Campero C. M.
Published: September 2018

Se evaluó el efecto de una vacuna oleosa a célula entera de Tritrichomonas foetus (108/dosis) en vaquillonas desafiadas con toros infectados. Veintitrés vaquillonas fueron divididas en grupo 1 (n=11) control sin vacunar y grupo 2 (n=12) inmunizadas en dos oportunidades por vía subcutánea. El grupo 2 se subdividió en 2 subgrupos de 6 animales cada uno, los cuales recibieron un tercer refuerzo vacunal por vías vaginal y vaginal e intranasal, respectivamente. Todas las vacunaciones se hicieron con 21 días de intervalo. A las 3 semanas de la última dosis, las vaquillonas fueron servidas durante 90 días con 2 toros infectados con T. foetus. Quincenalmente, hasta los 4 meses post servicio, se recolectó sangre para medir IgG y mucus cérvico vaginal (MCV) para cultivo y evaluación de IgG e IgA. La cuantificación de Ig se hizo por el test ELISA. La duración promedio de la infección para las vaquillonas vacunadas y controles fue de 44,9 días y 78,5 días, respectivamente (p<0,05). La parición fue de 8/12 (66,6%) para los animales vacunadosy 3/11 (27,3%) para los controles (p<0,05). Los valores ELISA séricos (VE) tuvieron unincremento luego de la segunda dosis vacunal (p<0,05) mientras que la IgA en el MCV fue significativamente superior en vacunados que en controles (p<0,05), desde final del servicio hasta los 4 meses post servicio. No se observaron diferencias en los VE séricos ni en el MCV entre animales vacunados vías nasal y nasal e intravaginal. Se confirma la importancia de la estimulación vacunal sistémica y mucosal con antígenos de T. foetus con incrementos de la IgG sérica y de la IgA en el MCV acortando el período de infección y mejorando la eficiencia reproductiva en los animales vacunados. El método ELISA fue adecuado para la evaluación de la respuesta inmune en hembras infectadas y/o vacunadas.
Evaluación del desarrollo preimplantacional de embriones murinos in vitro en presencia de Campylobacter fetus venerealis
Authors: Catena M. , Teruel M. , Morán P. , Chiapparrone M. , Echevarría H. , Monteavaro C. , Soto P.
Published: September 2018

La campylobacteriosis genital bovina es una enfermedad distribuida mundialmente que causa infertilidad y aborto. Los mecanismos relacionados con la patogenia de Campylobacter fetus sobre el embrión bovino son aún poco conocidos. Para estudiar el efecto de Campylobacter fetus venerealis en el desarrollo embrionario se utilizaron mórulas y blastocistos murinos. Las mórulas se cultivaron en medio Ham F10 como grupo control (GA; n: 97), más la adición de Campylobacter fetus venerealis (GB; n: 129), adicionado con filtrado libre de células (GC; n: 119) y con caldo Brucella (GD; n: 94). Los blastocistos se cultivaron en medio MEM, grupo control (G1: n: 24), y en MEM más suspensión de Campylobacter fetus venerealis, grupo desafiado (G2; n: 35). A partir de mórulas se evaluaron los porcentajes de diferenciación y hatching. En blastocistos se evaluaron los porcentajes de: hatching, hatched, adhesión y expansión. Los resultados se analizaron mediante Chi². La diferenciación resultó menor a las 24 horas para los grupos GB (66,6%), GC (65,3%) y GD (67,0%) respecto al control (82,5%; p<0,05). A las 48 horas sólo el grupo GC fue menor al control (70,7% y 89,6% respectivamente; p<0,05). El porcentaje de hatching a las 48 horas fue superior en los grupos GB (71,2%) y GC (70,3%) respecto al control (49,4%; p>0,05). A las 72 horas el hatching resultó superior en los grupos GB (79,2%) y GC (83,5%) comparado con el control (65,5%); el GD nomostró diferencias con el control tanto a las 48 como a las 72 horas de cultivo (p>0,05). En el ensayo de blastocistos no hubo diferencias entre grupos para ninguno de los parámetros evaluados. Se concluye que en este modelo experimental, Campylobacter fetus venerealis no afectó negativamente el desarrollo temprano de embriones murinos, aunque los porcentajes de diferenciación y hatching en GC mostraron diferencias respecto al control.