bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lama Perendaman Ekstrak Pucuk Daun Ungu Terhadap Tegangan Yang Dihasilkan DSSC
Authors: Kumara Jaya Komang Alit , Santiarsa I Gusti Ngurah Nitya , Suarsana I Ketut
Published: September 2021

Pada umumnya masyarakat di Indonesia masih menggunakan sumber energi tidak terbaharui yang suatu saat akan habis. Penggunaan energi meningkat pesat sejalan dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pertumbuhan penduduk, energi surya merupakan energi yang memiliki potensi besar. Dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) merupakan solar cell generasi ke 3. Daun ungu merupakan tumbuhan yang tersebar hampir di seluruh Indonesia, mudah dibudidayakan dan tidak merupakan daun dengan nilai ekonomi tinggi juga tidak kenal musim dalam tumbuh kembangnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan ekstrak pucuk daun ungu sebagai dye sensitizer di ekstrak menggunakan alkohol (96%) dengan perbandingan campuran 20gr pucuk daun ungu yang sudah ditumbuk halus dengan alkohol sebanyak 50ml, kemudian direndam dengan variasi lama perendaman 12, 24 dan 36 jam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama perendaman terhadap tegangan yang dihasilkan DSSC. Hasil penelitian didapat hasil tegangan tertinggi pada variasi lama perendaman 36 jam sebesar 254 mV. Lama perendaman 12 jam sebesar 202 mV dan lama perendaman 24 jam berada diantara kedua variasi tersebut dengan nilai tegangan dan arus sebesar 230 mV.

Generally  people in Indonesia still use non-renewable energy sources that will one day be exhausted. Energy use in Indonesia increased considerably in line with economic growth and population growth, solar energy is the energy that has great potential. Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) are 3rd generation solar cells. Purple leaf is a plant that is spread almost all over Indonesia, easily cultivated and is not a leaf with high economic value nor does it know the season of growth and development. This study uses purple leaf shoot extract as a dye sensitizer extracted using alcohol (96%) with a ratio of 20 gr of mixture of purple leaf buds that have been finely ground with alcohol as much as 50 ml, then soaked with a 12, 24 and 36 hour soaking variation. This study aims to determine the effect of immersion duration on the voltage generated by DSSC. The results obtained the highest voltage at 36 hours soaking variation of 254 mV. The 12 hour soaking time is 202 mV and the 24 hour soaking is between the two variations with voltage and current values of 230 mV.
Analisis Perbedaan Mesh Pada Simulasi Boiler PLTGU Tanjung Priok Berbasis CFD
Authors: Adi Saputra I Nyoman Agus , Kusuma I Gusti Bagus Wijaya , Priambadi I Gusti Ngurah
Published: September 2021

Penelitian Analisis Perbedaan Mesh berbasis Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) ini dilakukan Pada Boiler PLTGU Tanjung Priok. Boiler atau reboiler dalam sistem PLTGU dikategorikan sebagai alat penukar kalor karena perpindahan panasnya dilakukan tanpa kontak langsung antara media pemanas dengan media yang dipanaskan. Fluida kerja pada boiler PLTGU Tanjung Priok berupa gas methane dan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat jumlah pembagian elemen terhadap hasil simulasi dengan menggunakan dua model Studi konvergensi grid yaitu dengan grid kasar, dan yang paling optimal melalui hasil simulasi CFD. Metode yang digunakan mulai dari mendesain geometri boiler sesuai kondisi di lapangan menginput initial conditions dan  boundry conditions. Data hasil penelitian yang sudah di lakukan pada simulasi boiler menunjukkan bahwa baik temperatur, tekanan dan kecepatan aliran memiliki nilai yang sama besar dan tidak di pengaruhi oleh pembagian elemen yang di lakukan pada saat proses meshing dari elemen yang paling kasar dengan jumlah total sebanyak 203.363 sampai pada tahap  proses meshing dengan elemen teroptimal yang berjumlah sebanyak 1.491.428 berdasarkan hal tersebut maka proses simulasi yang dilakukan menjadi lebih efisien karena proses perhitungan data dari elemen yang lebih sedikit mendapatkan hasil yang sama dengan elemen yang lebih banyak.

The research on Mesh Difference Analysis based on Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) was conducted at Tanjung Priok PLTGU Boiler. Boilers or reboilers in PLTGU systems are categorized as heat exchangers because the heat transfer is done without direct contact between the heating media and the heated media. The working fluid in the Tanjung Priok gas power plant boiler is in the form of methane gas and water. This study aims to look at the number of elements divided against the simulation results by using two grid convergence study models, namely with a coarse grid, and the most optimal through CFD simulation results. The method used starts from designing the boiler geometry according to the field conditions, inputting initial conditions and boundry conditions. Data from research that has been done on boiler simulations shows that both temperature, pressure and flow velocity have the same value and are not affected by the division of elements carried out during the meshing process of the most coarse elements with a total number of 203.363 up to the meshing process stage with the optimum elements totaling 1,491,428 based on this, the simulation process carried out becomes more efficient because the process of calculating data from fewer elements gets the same results with more elements.
Analisis Kekuatan Tarik dan Cacat Porositas pada Friction Welding Logam (FE, AL & FE-AL)
Authors: Poniman Kosasih Deny , Din Nugraha Hari , Susanto Hendar
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini melakukan friction welding pipa (Fe), (Al), dan (Fe-Al) dengan mesin bubut. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen, dengan penyambungan spesimen pipa silinder dengan bantuan mesin bubut. Proses pengujian hasil sambungan menggunakan Destructive Test yaitu uji tarik dan Non-Destructive Test yaitu liquid penterant untuk mengetahui cacat porositas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan teknik friction welding serta direct drive welding bisa digunakan dalam proses penyambungan pipa (Fe) dan penyambungan pipa (Al). Pada penyambungan logam tak sejenis yakni antara pipa (Fe) dan pipa (Al) tidak dapat menghasilkan ikatan sambungan karena perbedaan titik leleh material dan tingkat kekerasan material.  Suhu sangat berpengaruh terhadap sambungan, hasil sambungan lasan yang baik dapat dicapai dengan meningkatkan temperature pengelasan pada saat proses pengerjaan. Cacat porositas terjadi karena butiran tidak menghasilkan fusi sehingga logam tidak bersatu menyeluruh, hal ini disebabkan temperature tidak mencapai yang dibutuhkan. Temperature yang tinggi dapat dihasilkan dari RPM yang semakin tinggi serta lamanya waktu benda bergesekan. Sehingga benda kerja yang dihasilkan memiliki nilai uji tarik yang baik dan cacat porositas dapat direduksi.

The purpose of this research is to perform pipe friction welding (Fe), (Al), and (Fe-Al) with a lathe. This research method is experimental, by connecting the specimen cylinder pipe with the help of a lathe. The process of testing the connection results using the Destructive Test, namely the tensile test and the Non-Destructive Test, namely the liquid penterant to determine porosity defects. The results showed that friction welding techniques and direct drive welding can be used in the process of connecting pipe (Fe) and pipe joining (Al). In non-similar metal joints, namely between pipe (Fe) and pipe (Al), it cannot produce connection bonds due to differences in the melting point of the material and the level of material hardness. Temperature greatly affects the joint, good weld joint results can be achieved by increasing the welding temperature during the working process. Porosity defects occur because the grains do not produce fusion so that the metal does not come together completely, this is because the temperature does not reach the required temperature. A high temperature can be generated from a higher RPM and the length of time the object rubs. So that the resulting workpiece has a good tensile test value and the porosity defects can be reduced.
Analisis Perancangan Frame Gokart dari Pengaruh Pembebanan dengan Menggunakan CAD Solidworks 2016
Authors: Restu Pahlawan Angga , Hanifi Rizal , Santosa Aa
Published: September 2021

Frame adalah salah satu komponen yang sangat penting dalam sebuah kendaraan, yang berfungsi sebagai penopang penumpang, mesin, suspensi, sistem kelistrikan dan lain-lain. Melihat fungsi dari frame sangat penting, maka dalam merancang sebuah frame harus diperhitungkan dengan baik. Banyak sekali jenis pengujian yang sering dipakai dalam perancangan sebuah struktur frame, salah satunya adalah digunakannya metode komputasi dengan menggunakan metode Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui distribusi tegangan, regangan, displacement, dan safety factor dari hasil pembebanan statis pada frame gokar. Struktur frame didesain dan dianalisis menggunakan software Solidworks 2016. Material yang digunakan frame adalah baja AISI 1045 hollow tube 273,2 mm, dengan menggunakan pembebanan pengendara sebesar 50 kg dan 70 kg. Hasil dari perhitungan manual didapatkan tegangan maksimum sebesar 4,735  107 N/m2, sedangkan dari simulasi didapatkan sebesar 4,516  107 N/m2. Regangan maksimum didapatkan dari perhitungan manual sebesar 2,310  10-4. Displacement maksimum didapatkan dari perhitungan manual sebesar 1,864  108 mm, sedangkan dari simulasi didapatkan sebesar 1,624  108 mm. Safety factor minimum didapatkan dari perhitungan manual sebesar 11,193, dan perhitungan simulasi didapatkan sebesar 11,736.

The frame is one of the most important components in a vehicle, which functions as a support for passengers, engines, suspensions, electrical systems and others. Seeing the function of the frame is very important, so designing a frame must be taken into account well. There are many types of tests that are often used in the design of a frame structure, one of which is the use of computational methods using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of stress, strain, displacement, and safety factor from the results of static loading on the kart frame. The frame structure was designed and analyzed using Solidworks 2016 software. The material used in the frame is steel AISI 1045 hollow tube 27  3,2 mm, using a rider load of 50 kg and 70 kg. The result of manual calculation shows that the maximum stress is 4,735  107 N/m2, while the simulation results are 4,516  107 N/m2. The maximum strain is obtained from manual calculation of 2,310  10-4. The maximum displacement is obtained from manual calculations of 1,864  108 mm, while the simulation results are 1,624  108 mm. The minimum safety factor obtained from manual calculation is 11,193, and the simulation calculation is 11,736.
The latest record of the genus Belmophenopterum (Eoblattida: Mesorthopteridae) from the Middle Triassic of Kyrgyzstan
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia, Storozhenko S.Yu. , Aristov D.S. ,   A.A. Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuz¬naya Str. 123, Moscow, 117868, Russia
Published: September 2021

Belmophenopterum rasnitsyni sp. n. is described from the Middle Triassic Madygen locality in Kyrgyzstan. It is the latest record of the genus Belmophenopterum Rasnitsyn et Aristov, 2004. The Permian genus Sylviodes Martynov, 1940 and the Permian-Triassic genus Belmophenopterum are transferred from family Sylvaphlebiidae (Reculida) to the family Mesorthopteridae (Eoblattida).
A violência como um problema de saúde e seu enfrentamento na Atenção Primária: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Neto David Ximenes de Araújo , Silva Ariane Rodrigues da , Dias Adriana de Cassia Silva , Nunes Júlia Cardoso , Junior Osmar Régis de Sousa , Oliveira Pamella Cerqueira da Rocha de Lucena , Pereira Raíza da Silva , Rola Yanne Fernanda de Barros
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: sclarecer as consequências da violência urbana na saúde de quem convive com tal fenômeno e identificar as estratégias de enfrentamento da violência pela atenção primária à saúde. Revisão bibliográfica: A vulnerabilidade está inerente a cada indivíduo que por sua vez possa vir a possuir um risco associado, variando de acordo com sua etnia, idade, classe social e sexualidade, entre outros. Com isso, são analisadas as implicações da violência na atenção primária de saúde, tanto para profissionais, para os serviços prestados, quanto para usuários das unidades básicas de saúde. Uma vez que a lógica de um território vivo pode alterar as percepções de violência, limitando ou expandindo as ações necessárias a serem tomadas no território adscrito. Considerações finais: É possível identificar e controlar casos de violência pela notificação dentro da atenção primária. Porém, isso não ocorre devido a uma baixa adesão da equipe profissional, o que aumenta os riscos e vulnerabilidades associados.
Prevenção de morte súbita em lactentes: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Libman Priscila , Calzolari Ana Julia Fernandes , Alves Bárbara Luiza Silva , Vargas Camila Quiza , Lima Emílio Pandeló , Silva Erick Delamanche Avelino Ribeiro e , Reis Igor Faria , Leandro Mayara dos Santos , Conceição Willian Faustino da , Moreira Diogo Pena
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Ampliar o conhecimento sobre a Síndrome da Morte Súbita do Lactente (SMSL) e seus fatores de risco, com a finalidade de potencializar as medidas de prevenção contra a SMSL e consequente redução da mortalidade. Revisão bibliográfica: Essa síndrome apresenta-se como principal causa de óbito em países desenvolvidos, contudo, no Brasil, há escassez de dados estatísticos que possibilitam o estudo aprofundado. O baixo nível socioeconômico e educacional está ligado à carência de informação, algo que corrobora com o desenvolvimento dessa síndrome e reforça a necessidade das orientações aos pais e cuidadores. Fatores de risco como objetos no berço, cama compartilhada com os pais e tabagismo parental são evitáveis e diminuem consideravelmente o risco da SMSL. Causas como agentes infecciosos e malformações genéticas, principalmente cardiovasculares e cerebrais, também estão relacionadas ao surgimento da síndrome. Considerações finais: Conclui-se que o reconhecimento dos fatores de risco é indispensável para a prevenção contra a SMSL, fato que comprova a importância do papel do médico na educação dos responsáveis dos lactantes. É primordial, no entanto, destacar a limitação de estudos em epidemiologia dessa síndrome no Brasil.
Coccidial infection in immunosuppressed mice: prophylaxis and treatment with dehydroepiandrosterone
Authors: Khalifa A. M. , Ibrahim I. R. , El Kerdany E. D.
Published: September 2021

Cryptosporidiosis and toxoplasmosis are diseases caused by opportunistic coccidial parasites that can lead to life-threatening infection in immunocompromised patients. We evaluated dehydroepiandrosterone as prophylaxis and therapy in immunosuppressed mice infected with Cryptosporidium parvum and avirulent Toxoplasma gondii. Mice were infected with either Cryptosporidium oocysts or Toxoplasma cysts. Assessment was by mortality rates, parasitic counts and electron microscopic studies. Mortality rates were significantly reduced in all treated groups. A significant reduction in the cryptosporidial oocyst count in stool and intestinal villi and in Toxoplasma cysts in the brains of infected mice was observed in all the groups. The effect of the drug was greater when given prior to infection.
Specific IgG avidity in acute and chronic human fascioliasis
Authors: Abou Basha L. M. , Shehab A. Y. , Osman M. M. , Farag H. F.
Published: September 2021

The detection of IgG avidity in sera is potentially useful in the diagnosis of acute and chronic infection. We studied IgG avidity in 31 patients with fascioliasis, with the aim of evaluating the clinical application of this test to confirm the diagnosis of incubating cases and to distinguish between acute and chronic cases. Of the 31 cases, 13 were incubating and had a mean avidity index of 57.28 +/- 5.79%. The 18 chronic cases had an avidity index of 68.80 +/- 8.92%. The difference was highly significant. We conclude that IgG avidity is a reliable means of identifying the stage of fascioliasis and suggest a cut-off point of 59.90% to distinguish between acute and chronic infection.
Epidemiological study of heterophyiasis among humans in an area of Egypt
Authors: Abou Basha L. M. , Abdel Fattah M. , Orecchia P. , Di Cave D. , Zaki A.
Published: September 2021

We aimed to determine the prevalence and intensity of infection of heterophyiasis among inhabitants of El-Meaddeya, Egypt. A cross-sectional stool examination survey was performed on 430 randomly chosen households, comprising 2219 individuals. The overall prevalence of parasitic infection was 84.7%. Ascariosis was the most common [67.6%], followed by trichuriosis [49.7%]and heterophyiasis [33.8%]. The prevalence and intensity of infection of heterophyiasis were most common in people 15-45 years, and greater in females than males. The highest intensity of infection was detected among fishermen. Intrafamilial aggregation of cases of heterophyiasis was identified.
Acute respiratory infections in primary health care centres in northern Saudi Arabia
Authors: El Gilany A. H.
Published: September 2021

This study was carried out in the northern region of Saudi Arabia during 1419 AH [1998 AD]. A random sample of 1200 prescriptions was analysed to determine the magnitude of factors associated with acute respiratory infections [ARI]and their treatment. ARI were diagnosed in more than one-third of the prescriptions analysed, of which upper respiratory infections accounted for 65.8%, and pneumonia less than 1%. The prevalence of ARI was significantly higher in urban areas, among children, among males and during the colder seasons of the year. Antibiotics were prescribed for 87.8% of patients. This study reinforces the need to implement forthwith the Saudi national programme for diagnosis and treatment of ARI.
Ringworm of the scalp in primary-school children in Alexandria: infection and carriage
Authors: Omar A. A.
Published: September 2021

A total of 510 children from a primary school in Alexandria were examined for tinea capitis, and samples were taken from their scalps. Specimens were examined by direct microscopy and were cultured. Diagnosis was by clinical and mycological findings. Clinical evidence of pediculosis capitis was found in 54.1% of children, more commonly in girls. Dermatophytes were isolated from 7.4% of scalp samples [2.9% confirmed cases, 4.5% carriers]. A further 2% were suspected cases as they were negative by mycology. Most of the children were under 10 years and none was aware of having the infection. All isolates were identified as Trichophyton violaceum.
An inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus exfoliative toxin
Authors: Al Sulami A. A. , Al Rubiay K. K. , Affat A. M.
Published: September 2021

We describe here an inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus exfoliative toxin. The toxin was extracted from an S. aureus strain isolated from a case of staphylococcus scalded skin syndrome. The activity of the toxin was compared in tryptic soy broth and brain heart infusion broth. Both supported growth of S. aureus but the culture filtrate of brain heart infusion broth lacked exfoliative toxin activity. Furthermore it appeared to contain a substance that neutralized the action of exfoliative toxin. This suggests the possibility of a treatment for staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and bullous impetigo.
Kikuchi histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Helal T. A. , Talaat W. , Danial M. F.
Published: September 2021

Clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical features of 10 cases having the lymphnodal histological pattern of Kikuchi disease were examined. Two of these were diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE]. Morphologically, Kikuchi disease and SLE were nearly indistinguishable. Plasma cells, neutrophilic infiltration, haematoxyphilic bodies and vasculitis were not useful in differentiating the conditions. Kikuchi lymphadenitis and malignant lymphoma however could be differentiated histologically. Morphological features that exclude malignancy included: polymorphous nature of cellular infiltrate, absence of abnormal mitosis, preservation of sinusoidal pattern on intervening areas and presence of extracellular and intracellular karyorrhectic debris.
Kawasaki syndrome: the Iranian experience
Authors: Sadeghi E. , Amin R. , Ajamee G. H.
Published: September 2021

Experience with 50 cases of Kawasaki syndrome in the Islamic Republic of Iran is presented. The syndrome occurred mostly in winter and spring with a 2.1: 1 male: female ratio. In 72% of cases, the disease occurred between 1 and 5 years of age, and 80% had an antecedent viral or bacterial illness. Eight patients [16%] had microbiological evidence of infection and 19 [38%] had clinical evidence. Five patients had clinical and radiological evidence of sinusitis. Leukocytosis, neutrophilia, bandaemia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, positive C-reactive protein, reversed albumin/globulin ratio and increased antistreptolysin O titre were other indications of infection and inflammation. Male gender, prolonged fever, white blood cell count > 15, 000/mm3 and absolute granulocyte count > 10, 000/mm3 were significant risk factors for the development of coronary artery disease [10 patients].
Experimental conversion of virulent RH Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in vitro
Authors: Hammouda N. A. , Ibrahim I. R. , Elkerdany E. D. , Negm A. Y. , Allam S. R.
Published: September 2021

We aimed to induce conversion of RH-stain tachyzoites to bradyzoites by changing the pH of the culture medium. Alkalization of the medium to pH 8 induced morphological changes in the cultured tachyzoites. The majority of the organism increased in size and changed from a regular crescent shape to a rounded or ovoid shape. Cyst-like structures were formed. Using a computerized image analyser, significant differences in the size of the whole organisms and in their nuclei were observed compared to the control group. The converted organisms also showed significant differences from the control group by quantitative DNA analysis, and did not infect mice.
Nutritional status of Yemeni schoolchildren in Al-Mahweet Governorate
Authors: Raja'a Y. A. , Sulaiman S. M. , Mubarak J. S.
Published: September 2021

The nutritional status of 948 children selected randomly from Al-Mahweet Governorate schools was investigated. Age range was 5-18 years with a mean of 10.6 +/- 2.8 years. Among the children, 3.4% had depleted iron and 43.4% had below average skin-fold thickness. Approximately half of the children were either stunted or chronically underweight and 1 child in 20 was underfed. Depleted fat stores affected two-fifths of the children and approximately one-fifth were anaemic. Urban residents scored significantly higher on nutritional parameters than rural children. Serum ferritin levels were significantly greater among males than females whereas mean height-for-age, weight-for-age and skin-fold thickness were lower.
Predictors of surgery outcome for colorectal carcinoma in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: El Ghazawy I. M.
Published: September 2021

In this retrospective study, 72 patients with colorectal cancer were followed up for a mean period of 28.2 months. Predictors of recurrence and survival were determined using standard analyses. Univariate analyses identified a group of patients with a shorter time to recurrence. The mean overall survival time was 63.2 +/- 7.7 months and survival time was shorter for younger patients with palliative resection, lymph node metastasis and peritoneal nodules. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, the hazard ratio for positive lymph nodes was 2.54 [95% CI: 1.36-4.79] compared to negative nodes, and for Dukes’ stages A and B compared to stage C it was 0.45 [95% CI: 0.25-0.81].
Molecular diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy in Egyptians
Authors: Shawky R. M. , Abdel Aleem K. , Rifaat M. M. , Moustafa A.
Published: September 2021

This study was carried out with 33 spinal muscular atrophy [SMA] patients. DNA molecular studies of the SMA gene on the long arm of chromosome 5 [5q11.2q13.3] revealed homozygous deletion of exon 7 in 55% of cases, 36% of whom also had a homozygous delition of exon 8. The adult patients were heterozygous for an abnormal size exon 8. The remaining patients had either compound heterozygote deletion of exons 7 and 8 or were normal for both. There may therefore be 5q-unlinked SMA or SMA due to other mutations. Detection of deletions of SMA exons 7 and 8 is a powerful diagnostic test in patients with SMA, but other mutations among Egyptians must also be sought.
[The quality of partially treated drinking-water produced in Sana’a City]
Authors: Rajaa Y. A. , Al-Ashwal M. Y. , Al-Ghaili A. A.
Published: September 2021

We assessed the quality of partially treated drinking water in 30 private establishments in Sana’a City, Republic of Yemen. We also compared the assessed water with the quality of 43 private wells and 18 estate wells. Microbiological examinations showed that 83% of the samples were contaminated; 50% with fecal coliforms and 33% with total coliforms. Concentration of mineral exceeded nominal values in 7% of the samples for nitrates, 10% for iron salts and in 20% of the samples for fluorides. In 33% of the samples, fluoride concentrations were lower than normal. Only 16.7% of the samples were found microbiologically and chemically potable.
Topical ciprofloxacin versus topical gentamicin for chronic otitis media
Authors: Nawasreh O. , Fraihat A.
Published: September 2021

Wecompared the therapeutic efficiency of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and gentamicin sulfate in the treatment of chronic otitis media. A total of 88 patients aged 9-62 years with chronic suppurative media were randomly placed into two groups. In the first group, 48 patients [54.5%] received topical ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, while in the second group 40 patients [45.5%] received local gentamicin sulfate. Of the 48 patients who received ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, 42 [87.5%] were cured, while in 6 patients [12.5%] the treatment failed. In the gentamicin group, 12 [30%] of the patients were cured, while 28 patients showed no clinical or bacteriological improvement. Topical ciprofloxacin is safe and more efficacious and efficient than topical gentamicin in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media.
[Profile of first year dental students in Tunisia]
Authors: Maatouk F. , El May W. , Ghedira H. , Fathallah N.
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study was to assess social conditions, school history, professional choices and oral health status of first-year dental students 1998/1999. We included 155 Tunisian students, 18-22 years old. There was a higher proportion of female students [58%] whose average age [18.9 years] was younger than the males. We found that 79% came from urban environments and 41% from middle socioeconomic background. Also 48% had parents who had a high level of education. Dental studies were the first choice for 50% of the students and they were looking for prestige and security. Concerning oral heath status, 88% of the students had periodontal problems and 70% had caries. More information for students about the options available to them at university and greater efforts from teachers to motivate students in oral hygiene are needed.
Thyroid functional status in leprosy patients in Sudan
Authors: Kheir M. M.
Published: September 2021

Westudied 45 adult patients with untreated lepromatous leprosy and borderline leprosy, presenting at clinics in Khartoum and Omdurman, to assess clinical and biochemical effects of the disease on thyroid function. A matching control group of 30 subjects, without symptoms or signs of thyroid disease, were included for comparison. Thyroxine, triiodothyronine and thyrotrophin levels were within normal range. Mean serum thyroxine was low in both groups [significant in lepromatous leprosy patients only]. Mean serum triiodothyronine was high in both groups [significant in neither group]. Mean thyrotrophin was significantly higher in both groups compared with controls.
COVID-19 cases and deaths after implementation of prevention strategies, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Javed Nargis , Zuber Mohamed , Amin Saba , Bugis Bussma , Al-Mohaithef Mohammed
Published: September 2021

Background: To prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the Saudi Arabian Government introduced a number of measures in different phases (e.g. social distancing, curfew and lockdown). Aims: This study describes the incidence of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia during different phases of prevention strategies and assesses their effects on controlling the spread of the disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study used COVID-19 data for 2 March–5 July 2020 from the Ministry of Health website. The period was divided into five phases based on prevention strategies implemented to control the infection. The incidence, point prevalence, case fatality, overall mortality rate and recovery rates for COVID-19 infection were assessed at the national, regional and city levels. Results: At the end of phase 5 on 5 July 2020, the nationwide incidence of COVID-19 was 11%, total recovery rate 70%, case fatality rate 0.9% and adjusted case fatality rate 1.4% (adjusted for time lag for mortality). The COVID-19 point prevalence increased from 2.1/100 000 population in phase 1 to 178.2/100 000 population in phase 5. A high recovery rate (68.7%) was observed in phase 4 accompanied with lower overall mortality and incidence in phase 5. The eastern region of Saudi Arabia had the highest point prevalence of COVID-19 infection (450.5 per 100 000 population), while Jeddah and Mecca had the highest overall mortality. Conclusions: The health system of Saudi Arabia efficiently used lockdown and curfew periods to prepare for management of confirmed cases of COVID-19, reflected by the decreased incidence and mortality rates in phase 5.
Les ancêtres d'Ogrest, ogres et géants: mythe ou réalité?
Authors: Thirard Marie-Agnès
Published: September 2021

Les géants sont nombreux dans les jeux- vidéo et les productions filmiques contemporaines. Or ces êtres plus ou moins monstrueux ont des ancêtres qui remontent à la nuit des temps. Ils relèvent aussi bien de la tradition populaire que de la culture savante. Cet article propose un parcours dans le pays des géants. Partant de la mythologie grecque et de la Bible, il s'intéresse au monde de la merveille, en privilégiant les grands contes lmittéraires français , en particulier les contes de Mme D'Aulnoy, contemporaine de Charles Perrault .Le parcours cite aussi quelques créations poétiques de la littérature française du XVIè au XIX è siècle et se termine sur l'évocation de l'univers contemporain de l'heroic fantasy.
Mots-clés : géant, ogre, mythologie, contes merveilleux, heroïc fantasy.
Exploring social media usage as a communication channel among independent food retailer SMEs in South Africa
Authors: Dos Santos José , Duffett Rodney
Published: September 2021

Social media has facilitated interaction between businesses and consumers, and consequently, has seen rapid growth as a communication channel by a number of smaller retailers in South Africa. Hence, the primary research objective of this study is to explore social media usage as a marketing communication strategy by independent food retailer small to medium enterprises (SMEs). The study used a qualitative data collection strategy and in-depth interviews were conducted among eleven independent food retailer SMEs in South Africa. The study revealed that the level of social media activity by the respondent retailers was influenced by enabling factors such as cost effectiveness, accessibility, reach and relationship building, whereas perceived risk and resources such as time, knowledge and human resources were inhibiting factors. The research contributes to the available literature exploring social media usage as customer contact points for promotional purposes, as well as provides insight for further studies on the use of social media conduits by independent food retailer SMEs or similar businesses in a developing country.
A Comparison of Multiple Imputation Methods for Recovering Missing Data in Hydrological Studies
Authors: Hamzah Fatimah Bibi , Mohd Hamzah Firdaus , Mohd Razali Siti Fatin , Samad Hafiza
Published: September 2021

Missing data is a common problem in hydrological studies; therefore, data reconstruction is critical, especially when it is crucial to employ all available resources, even incomplete records. Furthermore, missing data could have an impact on statistical analysis results, and the amount of variability in the data would not be fittingly anticipated. As a result, this study compared the performance of three imputation methods in predicting recurrence in streamflow datasets: robust random regression imputation (RRRI), k-nearest neighbours (k-NN), and classification and regression tree (CART). Furthermore, entire historical daily streamflow data from 2012 to 2014 (as training dataset) were utilised to assess and validate the effectiveness of the imputation methods in addressing missing streamflow data. Following that, all three methods coupled with multiple linear regression (MLR), were used to restore streamflow rates in Malaysia's Langat River Basin from 1978 to 2016. The estimation techniques effectiveness was evaluated using metrics inclusive of the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (CE), root-mean-square error (RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The results confirmed that RRRI coupled with MLR (RRRI-MLR) had the lowest RMSE and MAPE values, outperforming all other techniques tested for filling missing data in daily streamflow datasets. This indicates that the RRRI-MLR is the best method for dealing with missing data in streamflow datasets. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091747 Full Text: PDF
ICON PAINTER PIMEN SOFRONOV (1898–1973) AND HIS STUDENT THE BENEDICTINE MONK JERÔME LEUSSINK (1898–1952)
Authors:   Monastère bénédictin de l’Exaltation de la Sainte-Croix, Lambrechts Antoine
Published: September 2021

The author turns to the little-known biographical aspects of two outstanding icon painters – the Old Believer-Bespopovets from Estonia Pimen Maksimovich Sofronov and the Catholic monk of the Benedictine Holy Cross Monastery in Chevetogne (Belgium) Father Jerôme Leussink. From December 1939 to the beginning of the 1940’s, Leussink studied icon painting with Sofronov in Rome. The article is based on archival materials of the Holy Cross Monastery, in particular on Leussink’s letters to his abbot. They show that the relationship between the teacher and the student quickly developed into a genuine cooperation, and then into a deep mutual respect and friendship. The author emphasizes that Pimen Sofronov not only conveyed but also revived the Old icon-painting tradition in Europe and in the New World, across boundaries between Churches. This was made possible by the help of his numerous students and friends in Paris, Prague, Rome and America.
IMITATIO CHRISTI IN THE PLOT OF THE 16TH CENTURY FRENCH POLITICAL ENGRAVING “THE MURDER OF THE GUISE BROTHERS IN BLOIS”
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Shapovalova Elena V.
Published: September 2021

The article concerns with the analysis of the representation in the 16th century French engraving of the murder of Henry of Guise and Louis of Lorraine, Cardinal of Guise in the Royal Château de Blois in december, 1588. The murder of the leaders of the Catholic party by order of the French king provoked an increase in the number of the tyranny-fighting pamphlets and related leaflets. As in the case of textual sources, the leaguers engraving is characterized by flattering images of Guise brothers to the religious one: they are represented as “martyrs for belief” by means of a number of biblical allusions the top of which it becomes imitatio Christi.
WOMEN WITHOUT MEN. THE FATE OF THE OLD BELIEVERS OF UPPER KAMA REGION IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 20TH CENTURY, CHRISTIANITY AND COMPROMISE
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Litvina Natalia V.
Published: September 2021

Upper Kama region (Verkhokamye) is considered as one of the most studied regions of the Old Believers. The research interest has long been focused on the manifestations of a high spiritual and rich material culture.However, in the 20th century, the region underwent complex transformations. As a result social roles changed and also their religious assessment. The article considers several women’s strategies of self-determination in life (“the synodic’’, “wayward”, “girlfriend/mate”), as well as the development of compromise assessments of each category by the Old Believers society
ALONE WITH HISTORY. ON REVOLUTION AND OVERCOMING IT. ESSAYS ON THE HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN MENTALITY BY E. KOZHOKIN
Authors:   Russian Institute for Strategic Studies, Guzenkova Tamara S.
Published: September 2021

The author focuses on the issues of the scholarly thinking devel- opment and the current historical narrative amid radical change, studied into through E. Kozhokin’s Revolution and Overcoming It. Essays on the History of the Russian Mentality. The study under review holds a unique position among the new works devoted to the Russian history at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, according to the author. She stresses that Evgeny Kozhokin avoids to describe in detail the events of the monumental transfor- mations caused by the First World War and the 1917 revolution, opting to focus instead on the mental aspects of the behaviour and actions of the people who influenced those events. The author also points out that Evgeny Kozhokin uses a dialogical approach to history, under which national, political, historical and cultural identities are unfolded and shown as a dialogue between the past and the present. E.M. Kozhokin aims at both studying existential cognition of the Russian mentality and developing such algorithms of the state governance as would allow for reshaping political culture and avoiding potential revolu- tions in the future.
FORUM OF RECTORS OF THE LIBERAL ARTS UNIVERSITIES AND DEANS OF THE LIBERAL ARTS FACULTIES OF THE CIS COUNTRIES (4 DECEMBER 2020)
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Khanova Irina E.
Published: September 2021

The article reviews the last (December 4, 2020) meeting of the Forum of principals of the humanities universities and deans of the humanities faculties of member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States, which coincided with the thirtieth anniversary of the Commonwealth. The main source is the shorthand report of the Forum online meeting. By pointing out that the Forum was attended by representatives of seven member coun- tries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus, Moldova and Armenia), the author reports that the plenary panels of the Forum discussed new forms of cooperation in the pandemic, the issues of using digital technology in the humanities education and the development of distance learning methods. Stating that the coronavi- rus pandemic that broke out on the cusp of the years 2019 and 2020 was the greatest challenge to the world education and science, forum participants could not but discuss the mental state of students, teachers and researchers who have continued to perform their duties under the force majeure conditions. The participants of the Forum made a point of the ever-increasing role of modern media, which act nowadays as specific tool for building a common scientific and educational space in the post-Soviet region.
Implementation of Data Mining Using C4.5 Algorithm for Predicting Customer Loyalty of PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Pati Area Office
Authors: Muttaqien Ridlo , Pradana Musthofa Galih , Pramuntadi Andri
Published: September 2021

PT Pegadaian (Persero) is engaged in the business of providing credit services with pawn, non-pawning and gold investment products. One of the right marketing strategies to survive today's high competition is to maintain customer loyalty, researchers use several data variables available in the MIS (Management Information System) in the form of customer transaction frequency, how many products are taken by customers, customer satisfaction and direct interviews. to predict customer loyalty of PT Pegadaian (Persero) by implementing the c4.5 algorithm. The c4.5 algorithm is the algorithm used to create a decision tree. Decision trees are a very powerful and well-known method of classification and prediction. The decision tree method converts very large facts into a decision tree that represents the rule. Rules can be easily understood in natural language. This study aims to determine the accuracy of the C4.5 algorithm to predict customer loyalty of PT Pegadaian (Persero) and the most influential factors in loyalty. The results of the experimental application of the c4.5 algorithm show that the level of accuracy generated in predicting customer loyalty is quite high, namely 89.94% in data testing 1 and 94% in data testing 2. The application of the c4.5 algorithm in predicting customer loyalty of PT Pegadaian (Persero) can be well applied.
Electronic Module Development with Project Based Learning in Web Programming Courses
Authors: Prasetya Agus
Published: September 2021

Abstract—In this era of the Covid-19 pandemic, students are getting used to online learning or daring. In supporting online teaching and learning activities, electronic modules have been developed so that the learning system can run in two directions and be more interesting. For this reason, this study aims to (1) Design and implement the development of electronic modules based on learning projects in Web programming courses at ITB AAS Indonesia. (2) To find out student responses to the development of project-based e-modules based on Web programming courses at ITB AAS Indonesia. This study uses research and development methods. with the development of the ADDIE model. To determine student responses to the electronic module, the researcher uses questionnaires. The results of the study show that: 1) The results of the design and implementation of e-modules that have been developed on web programming courses that use learning project-based learning models can be applied. 2) The results of the percentage of students who gave a very good response really good were 58,1%, good 22,5% %, sufficientt 19,4% and there were no students who gave less, or very less responses.
Oxygen isotope stratigraphy and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Lower Pleistocene in the Boso Peninsula, central Japan
Authors: Kuwano Daisuke , Kubota Yoshimi , Mantoku Kanako , Kameo Koji
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT: Oxygen isotope stratigraphy and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy in the upper part of the Kiwada Formation, which is part of the Kazusa Group in the Boso Peninsula in the central part of the Pacific coast of Japan, were examined to establish a high-resolution age model and estimate the age of the lower part of Pleistocene nannofossil biohorizons in the northwestern Pacific region. The new age model indicates that the upper part of the Kiwada Formation corresponds to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 41 through MIS 36. Two nannofossil biohorizons, the last occurrences of large forms of Gephyrocapsa (>5.5 micrometers) and Helicosphaera sellii,were recorded in the examined section. The LO of large Gephyrocapsa spp. coincides with the MIS 37/38 boundary which is 1241.2 plus or minus 0.4 ka. The LO of H. sellii is located in late MIS 40 and has a calculated age of 1291.4 plus or minus 1.4 ka. These biohorizons are traceable even though the LO of H. sellii is a diachronous event. Size variations of Gephyrocapsa from approximately 1250 ka are discussed and fluctuations of small size Gephyrocapsa could represent cyclic changes of the Kuroshio and Oyashio currents.
أنماط التنشئة الوالدية: دراسة مقارنة بين الطالبات العمانيات والطالبات السعوديات
Authors: السيابية أسماء بنت سعيد بن سليمان , الظفري سعيد بن سليمان , الصديق فاطمة محمد الخير
Published: September 2021

هدفت الدراسة إلى مقارنة أنماط التنشئة الوالدية في كل من سلطنة عمان والمملكة العربية السعودية، والكشف عن أثر التفاعل بين بعض المتغيرات الديمغرافية على أنماط التنشئة الوالدية، واعتمد الباحثون المنهج الوصفي المقارن، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من 529 طالبة من طالبات كلية التربية بجامعة السلطان قابوس بسلطنة عمان، وطالبات كلية التربية بجامعة حائل بالمملكة العربية السعودية. واستخدم الباحثون مقياس التنشئة الوالدية لبيوري (Buri, 1991)، وكشفت نتائج الدراسة عن وجود فروق دالة إحصائيًّا في أنماط التنشئة الوالدية بين طالبات البلدين في نمطي الأم المتساهل والأب المتساهل، ولصالح طالبات المملكة العربية السعودية. كما دلت النتائج على عدم وجود أثر دال إحصائيًّا للتفاعل بين كل من السنة الدراسية والتحصيل الدراسي والمستوى التعليمي للأب، والمستوى التعليمي للأم على أنماط التنشئة الوالدية. ووجود أثر صغير للتفاعل بين عدد أفراد الأسرة، والترتيب الولادي على النمط السلطوي للأب.
الصمود النفسي وعلاقته بجودة حياة العمل لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس في دول الخليج (قطر والسعودية وعمان)
Authors: الشربيني عاطف مسعد الحسيني
Published: September 2021

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى الكشف عن العلاقة بين الصمود النفسي وجودة حياة العمل لدى عينة من أعضاء هيئة التدريس العاملين بالجامعات الخليجية في دول؛ قطر، والسعودية، وعمان. كما يهدف إلى استقصاء الفروق بين عينة الدراسة في الصمود النفسي وجودة حياة العمل في ضوء بعض المتغيرات الديموغرافية (النوع، والتخصص العلمي)، وإمكانية التنبؤ بجودة حياة العمل من خلال الصمود النفسي. وتكونت عينة البحث من عدد 110 أعضاء من هيئة التدريس الجامعي بدول الخليج كالتالي: قطر 34، السعودية 39، عمان 37. طبق الباحث مقياس الصمود النفسي (Smith et al., 2008) ومقياس جودة حياة العمل (Swamy, Nanjundeswaraswamy, Rashmi, 2015) بعد تعريبيهما والتحقق من صدقهما وثباتهما في البيئة العربية. وتشير نتائج الدراسة الأولية إلى وجود علاقة ارتباطية إيجابية دالة إحصائيًّا، وموجبة، بين الصمود النفسي وأبعاد جودة حياة العمل، كدرجة كلية، لدى عينة الدراسة. كما كشفت نتائج البحث عن وجود فروق بين عينة الدراسة في النوع والتخصص العلمي. كما أمكن التنبؤ ببعض أبعاد جودة حياة العمل من خلال الصمود النفسي.
القيادة الاستراتيجية كمدخل لتطوير أداء مديري المدارس بسلطنة عمان
Authors: اللواتية فاكهة بنت عبد الرضا بن محسن , محمد نسرين صالح , الكيومية أمل بنت راشد
Published: September 2021

هدفت الدراسة الوصول إلى إجراءات مقترحة لتطوير أداء مديري المدارس بسلطنة عمان في ضوء مدخل القيادة الاستراتيجية، وذلك من خلال الوقوف على درجة ممارسة مديري مدارس السلطنة للقيادة الاستراتيجية. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي. كما استخدمت استبانةً مكونةً من أربعة أبعاد للقيادة الاستراتيجية، وهي؛ البعد التحويلي، والبعد الإداري، والبعد الأخلاقي، والبعد السياسي. وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من أعضاء الهيئة الإدارية والتدريسية في مدارس المحافظات التعليمية: مسقط، والبريمي، وظفار. وتم اختيار عينة عشوائية تكونت من (220) عضوًا. ومن أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة الميدانية: أن درجة ممارسة مديري المدارس للقيادة الاستراتيجية عالية في جميع أبعاد الدراسة.