bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of lower limb ischaemia using hybrid techniques: a single-centre experience
Authors: Chana MS , Leckey S , Paravastu SCV , Kulkarni SR
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Modern vascular surgery combines procedures with both open and endovascular techniques, with these hybrid procedures becoming part of routine arterial surgery. Hybrid procedures have been established in this centre with access to a hybrid suite since 2014. The aim of this study was to characterise patients undergoing hybrid procedures including an open groin dissection plus an endovascular component. Methods: A retrospective review of operation notes, electronic health records and radiology software for patients undergoing hybrid revascularisation for critical limb threatening ischaemia (CLTI) or intermittent claudication (IC) between January 2017 and December 2021 was performed. Any open groin surgical procedure including common femoral endarterectomy and/or lower limb bypass plus any endovascular procedure were recorded. Primary outcomes were recorded as stent patency, a composite of tissue healing or symptom resolution, and wound complications including surgical site infections. Secondary outcomes were length of stay, rate of readmission and mortality at 30 days. Results: A total of 98 patients (77 men) of median age 73 years (IQR 68–78) underwent a hybrid procedure during this period. Treatment was for CLTI in 66% of the patients and for IC in 34%. The median length of stay was 5 days. Overall graft and stent patency was 85%. The overall rate of tissue healing and symptom resolution was 92%. The surgical site infection rate was 14% (14/98) and mortality at 30 days was 2%. Conclusion: Hybrid revascularisation is safe and effective in treating CLTI and IC with an acceptable risk of surgical site infections. Our short-term results suggest that hybrid revascularisation should be considered in patients with multilevel disease.
Fish life histories in a warming climate: a mechanistic basis of change and a community context
Authors: Thunell Viktor
Published: January 2023

Body size dependent interactions structure food webs, and these are changing with climate warming. We cannot yet predict how warming affects many aspects of life history evolution and species ecology, despite a longstanding interest in the structuring effects of temperature and body size in food webs. This is in part due to not recognizing the temperature dependence two aspects, namely that 1) withinspecies differences govern species interactions and 2) processes of adaptation depend on body size. In this thesis, I assess how body size dependent effects of temperature govern such interactions and processes using theoretical models of individual growth and reproduction. First, I study effects of warming on the energy allocation trade-off between somatic growth and energy reserves and find that warming favours allocation to reserves and reproduction through increasing importance of early life history processes. Specifically, failing to adapt to warming winters compromises viability of population through juvenile mortality. Second, I study how effects of warming on consumer-resource systems depend on energy allocation strategies. Here, energy allocation can modulate temperature dependent competition for food between stages, but competition mediated by diet is the main determinant of effects of warming. Last, I show how effects of warming affect the feedback mechanism of stage dependent competition and predation on interacting species and thus prevent adults from cultivating a low competition environment for their young. I conclude that linking underlying individual body size dependent physiological responses to warming to effects in population and communities provides novel mechanistic understanding of adaptation and food web processes. While these mechanistic predictions form a basis for, and require, empirical tests, I propose that diversity and function of aquatic food webs are at stake.
Особливості адміністративно-правового забезпечення реалізації прав осіб з інвалідністю
Authors: Легеза Є. О. , Лютіков П. С.
Published: January 2023

Розглянуто структуру та зміст правової основи  забезпечення реалізації прав осіб з інвалідністю. У статті висвітлено питання розкриття нормативно-правових актів щодо охорони прав осіб на прикладі дітей з інвалідністю. Детально розкрито розмежування дефініції термінів «адміністративно-правове забезпечення»; «охорона»; «захист», надається правова характеристика цих категорій з метою визначення сутності адміністративно-правового  забезпечення реалізації прав осіб з інвалідністю. Констатовано, що держава має сприяти реалізації розумових, освітніх, професійних, фізичних здібностей дітей з інвалідністю, забезпечивши їх індивідуальну мобільність, доступність до всіх закладів і установ. Проте, як показує аналіз фактичного стану справ, в Україні порушення прав дітей з інвалідністю тривають. Діючі норми законодавчих актів щодо охорони їх на практиці не працюють. Це призводить до того, що цим суб’єктам адміністративних правовідносин доводиться самостійно захищати свої права та інтереси в адміністративному або судовому порядку. Інститут адміністративно-правової охорони прав дітей з інвалідністю залишається суто декларативною складовою адміністративного права через відсутність єдності в розумінні дефініцій «охорона» та «захист».
Юридичні властивості рішень митних органів та окремі аспекти їх прийняття, зміни та припинення їх чинності за законодавством США
Authors: Дрофіч О. Ю.
Published: January 2023

Дослідивши юридичні властивості рішень митних органів та матеріально-правові й процедурні особливості їх прийняття, зміни та припинення їх чинності за законодавством США, автор констатував, що американська система митного адміністрування ґрунтується на ієрархічній системі імперативних адміністративних прецедентів, яка є квазі-нормативною надбудовою митного законодавства та призначена забезпечити правильність й послідовність правозастосування митних органів у подібних ситуаціях. Однією з гарантій цього є спеціальний інструментарій забезпечення центральним апаратом митних органів однакового та правильного застосування митних правил територіальними підрозділами митних органів за заявою заінтересованих підприємств та фізичних осіб, а також за поданням самих територіальних підрозділів митних органів. Для охоплення якомога більшого різноманіття позицій щодо шляхів усунення розбіжностей у адміністративній практиці територіальних підрозділів митних органів й думок щодо єдиного правильного шляху застосування митного законодавства запроваджений механізм консультацій з громадськістю. Окрема увага приділена темпоральній частині правових наслідків визначення вищестоящим митним органом правильного зразка правозастосування та встановлено, що відповідне рішення набирає чинності негайно та має застосовуватись в усіх митних правовідносинах, у яких немає остаточного визначення прийнятності та підрахунку митних платежів. Також, автор звертає увагу на те, що за митним законодавством США процедура зміни або відкликання консультативного рішення, так само як й порядок набрання чинності рішенням про зміну або відкликання консультативного рішення та його правові наслідки для осіб, які вже розпочали митне оформлення ввезених ними товарів, покладаючись на можливість застосування висновків консультативного рішення, що змінюється чи відкликається, залежить від усталеності консультативного рішення.
Актуальні питання нормативно-правового регулювання захисту критичної інфраструктури в умовах воєнного стану в Україні
Authors: Богдан Б. В.
Published: January 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню становлення та розвитку нормативно-правового регулювання у сфері захисту критичної інфраструктури в Україні. Встановлено, що формування нормативно-правового регулювання питань захисту критичної інфраструктури обумовлене низкою факторів, серед яких виділяють: природні та техногенні загрози, терористичні загрози, збройну агресію та воєнні дії на території країни, кібератаки, яким піддаються об’єкти критичної інфраструктури. Автором підкреслено, що, незважаючи на наявність наукових розробок щодо організаційно-правових та інших питань захисту критичної інфраструктури, досі наявна потреба у дослідженні нормативно-правового регулювання захисту об’єктів критичної інфраструктури, обумовленого воєнним станом в Україні. Охарактеризовано у хронологічному порядку передумови прийняття основних нормативно-правових актів у період з 2007 року по теперішній час для врегулювання питань, пов’язаних із створенням системи захисту критичної інфраструктури в Україні, її подальшим вдосконаленням та законодавчим забезпеченням. Досліджено сутність державної політики у сфері захисту об’єктів критичної інфраструктури, її завдання, обумовлені метою, та стан реалізації в умовах воєнного стану в Україні. У статті проаналізовано концептуальні засади створення державної системи захисту критичної інфраструктури, розроблені Урядом України, основні проблеми, розв’язання яких передбачалось, шляхи та сучасний стан реалізації зазначених положень в умовах правового режиму воєнного стану в Україні. Окреслено коло суб’єктів національної системи захисту критичної інфраструктури, передбачених чинним законодавством, серед яких розглянуто роль уповноваженого органу у сфері захисту критичної інфраструктури України, повноваження якого у період дії правового режиму воєнного стану в Україні покладено на Державну службу спеціального зв’язку та захисту інформації України. Аргументовано, що сучасне законодавче визначення поняття «захист критичної інфраструктури», закріплене у Законі України «Про критичну інфраструктуру», за своїм змістом наближене до законодавчого визначення терміну «захист критичної інфраструктури», що міститься в законодавстві Європейського Союзу.
Comparison of Different Steel Sections for Design of Industrial Boiler Supporting Steel Structure
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil College of Engineering, Ahmednagar, India, Gaikwad Suraj , Hake Dr. Sandip
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this paper is to compare the structural behaviour and weight of Industrial boiler supporting steel structure using different steel sections for beam, columns & bracings and to suggest optimum sections for Industrial boiler supporting steel structure. In this work three models of Industrial boiler supporting steel structures have been created using finite element software STAAD.Pro CONNECT Edition. In first model, Indian standard sections are used i.e., ISMB sections for Beam, ISMB/ISWB sections for column and ISA sections for bracing. In second model Jindal & TATA Structural sections are used i.e., UB sections for Beam, UC/WPB sections for column and TATA SHS Sections for Bracing. In third model combination of sections are used i.e., ISMB sections for Beams, fabricated PG sections for column and TATA SHS for Bracings. These three models have been analysed and designed for the same geometry, loading, design parameters and are optimised to make weight of structure economical. After comparing all three models it is observed that third model i.e., ISMB sections for beam, fabricated PG sections for column and SHS sections for bracings has optimum results in terms of weight as compared to first two models. Key Words: Boiler Supporting structure, Weight comparison, Jindal steel sections, Tata structural tube sections, Indian standard steel sections, STAAD.Pro.
Influential Factors for Hospital Management Maturity Models in a post-Covid-19 scenario - Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Vargas Vanessa Bertholdo , Gomes Jefferson de Oliveira , Fernandes Priscila Correia , Vallejos Rolando Vargas , Carvalho João Vidal de
Published: January 2023

The importance of Maturity Models in the health area was proven to support, monitor and direct health organizations to better plan and execute to their investments and developments. In this work, two reviews of the literature were collected: one of them focuses on identifying the main maturity models developed in the health area, the similarities, and gaps between them, identifying which are the Influencing Factors and, the other one, is to identify the lessons learned during the Covid-19 pandemic. In a pandemic scenario, the health sectors demonstrated the importance of the resilience, in which health systems had to adapt abruptly, considering physical structures; professional management; patient safety; supply chain and; technologies. Technologies, played an essential role to mitigating the pressure that health systems faced due to the increase in health costs, growth of chronic diseases, population aging, population’s expectation for more personalized health and, added to that, the confrontation of Covid-19 pandemic. In this sense, we identified the lack of maturity models that address the adversities that occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic in health systems for better hospital management and avoid the pressure to which they could be subjected again.
The Role of Christian Religious Education in the Recovery of Mental Disorders
Authors: Tan Yunus
Published: January 2023

Background: Christian religious education is not only limited to scientific learning but also practiced in everyday life, one of which is in the recovery of mental disorders.

 

Objective: This study aims to determine the role of Christian religious education in the recovery of mental disorders.

 

Method: This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach, while data collection techniques are carried out with literature studies through the exploration of journals, books, and other information relevant to the study.

 

Results: The results showed that the role of Christian religious education in the recovery of mental disorders is as a guide to teach the meaning of life, to keep away those who trigger problems, to bring good hope, and to bring tranquility.

 

Conclusion: The results showed that the role of Christian religious education in the recovery of mental disorders is as a guide to teach the meaning of life, to keep away those who trigger problems, to bring good hope, and to bring tranquility.
Legal Protection of Online Investors on the Binomo App by Alert Task Force Investment Financial Services Authority
Authors: Suwandi Suwandi , Kusno Kusno , Toni Toni
Published: January 2023

Background: Broadly speaking, an investment is a commitment to a certain amount of funds or other resources such as equipment, immovable assets, intellectual property rights, or expertise. Investments are made personally as well as by legal entities. Investment in general, has several objectives, the first, is to get a more decent life in the future, the second is to reduce inflationary pressures, and the third is to save taxes.

 

Objective: This study aims to find out as well as analyze the legal protection of online Investors on the Bonomo application by the investment alert task force of the financial services authority. As well as knowing and analyzing about.

 

Methods: This research belongs to the normative type of research. So it can be known that the legal protection of investors by brokerage companies has not been sufficiently able to accommodate the interests of investors.

 

Result: In Law Number 21 of 2011 concerning the Financial Services Authority (OJK Law), the authority and duty of the OJK are to supervise Financial Services Institutions (LJK) in the capital market sector, the non-bank financial industry sector (such as insurance, pension funds, financing companies, etc.) and starting in 2014 will also supervise the banking sector (Commercial Banks and People's Credit Banks).

 

Conclusion: Based on the above explanation, it can be concluded that the legal protection of investors by brokerage companies has not sufficiently accommodated the interests of investors.
Implementation of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2001 Concerning Amendments to Law Number 31 of 1999 Concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes Against Selection Bribery Cases Independent Pathway Students
Authors: Supiyan Supiyan , Panjaitan Bernat , Siahaan Nimrot
Published: January 2023

This study aims to find out and analyze the phenomenon of bribery cases for independent path student selection and find out and analyze about the factors causing and impacting corruption. This research belongs to the normative type of research. So it can be known that the act of bribery in the phenomenon of bribery cases of independent track students has a damaging impact that is as bad as the criminal act of bribery bribery that occurs in the public domain, so it is necessary to take concrete steps to criminalize the act of bribery.  Bribery as stipulated in the UUTPK is very diverse, the threat of criminal penalties and fines regulated in it also varies, causing legal uncertainty in law enforcement and contrary to the principle of legality. In addition, corruption is caused by many factors, both political, legal, economic, organizational, and cultural. Economic factors, such as low salaries, losses suffered, poverty, and others are often considered the dominant factors.
Household Food Security of Cocoa Farmers (Theobroma Cacao L) on Former Coal Mine Land in Sawahlunto City
Authors: Tanjung Faidil , Evaliza Dwi , Veralina Cyntya , Sasrido Mizi
Published: January 2023

An overview of the food security vulnerability of cocoa farmer households on former mining lands is able to provide recommendations in efforts to increase the income that can support the welfare of farmer households and increase regional farmer food security. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of cocoa farmer household income and cocoa farmer household expenditure and the level of food security of cocoa farmer households in ex-mining areas in Talawi District, Sawahlunto City. With a sample of 39 respondents selected by simple random sampling and data analysis using a quantitative approach. This study shows the results that the average household income of respondents is IDR 3,082,821 per month. Whereas for the average respondent household food expenditure is Rp.1,426,282.05 or 59.94% of total household expenditure, the respondent's household non-food expenditure is Rp.953,384.62 or 40.06% of total household expenditure ladder. Judging from the proportion of household expenditure to total expenditure, the results show that the level of household food security is 23.08% of households are food secure and 76.92% of households are food insecure. Households should improve food expenditure patterns by paying attention to and diversifying the amount and type of food they will consume.
Quality of Service with the Satisfaction of Visitors to Breezy Hamlet
Authors: Meydelina Gloria , Febryani Irma , Tanti Tanti , Putri Valensia , Wijono Sutarto
Published: January 2023

Service quality can affect customer satisfaction, and customer satisfaction is determined by service quality. Dusun Semilir is one of the tourist destinations in Central Java which is visited by many tourists. As a tourism facility that offers the beauty and charm of community resources, it is important to know the level of customer satisfaction that directly perceives the brand image of a tourist destination and tourism service provider. Therefore the purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between service quality and visitor satisfaction in Dusun Semilir. The hypothesis is answered by using Spearman's correlation. The survey method is target sampling (sampling method) based on the criteria requested by the researcher, and sampling is carried out using brochures or pamphlets distributed on various social media.
Consumer Decisions in Purchasing Coffee Drinks at Humble Salatiga Shop During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rana Arinta Rambu Juni , Sunaryanto Lasmono Tri
Published: January 2023

This study aims to: Find out consumers' decision-making in buying coffee drinks at humble shops. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Participants were selected based on 3 criteria, namely consumers who bought coffee drinks for a period of 2-3 times or even more in a month, loyally recommended to their friends or family, and would remain loyal to shopping at humble shops. Data analysis techniques in this study include (1) data reduction (2) data presentation (3) verification and (4) drawing conclusions. The results showed that: 1) The Covid-19 pandemic is not a problem for consumers at Kedai Humble, and the presence and absence of the Covid-19 pandemic is not a threat to loyal consumers at Kedai Humble. Consumers will continue to shop offline at Humble stores while still complying with health protocols that have been set by the government 2) stages of consumer purchasing decision-making, namely problem recognition, information search, alternative evaluation and purchase decisions 3) Factors that influence consumer decisions, namely relatively affordable prices and local environmental conditions that make them comfortable.
Síntesis de nanopartículas de TIO2 utilizando el extracto de ricinus communis L
Authors: Vera-García Paola F. , Saenz-Galindo Aidé , Díaz de León Ramón E. , Castañeda-Facio Adalí O.
Published: January 2023

La síntesis de nanopartículas de dióxido de titanio (NPsTiO2) mediante extractos de plantas presenta un enfoque hacia la química verde, por esta razón que se pretende sintetizar NPsTiO2 a partir del extracto ricinus communis L. Primeramente se obtuvo el extracto acuoso, agregando a las hojas trituradas de ricinus communis L. 300 mL de agua y se mantuvo en agitación constante. Posteriormente para la síntesis al extracto se le adicionó TiCI4 y NH4OH gota a gota. Se variaron condiciones de reacción como temperatura (25-100 ℃) y tiempo de reacción (5-120 h). Finalmente, las muestras fueron filtradas, lavadas y calcinadas. Las muestras fueron analizadas mediante HPLC-MS, donde se observó la presencia de las familias de catequinas, flavonoles e hidroxicumarinas, también compuestos químicos como escopoletina, 4-O-glucósido de ácido gálico, los cuales presentan grupos -OH en sus estructuras. Mediante FTIR se observó la presencia de grupos -OH provenientes del extracto. Los FTIR de las nanopartículas presentan bandas del grupo -OH demostrando que los grupos hidroxilos pueden contribuir a la mejora de la actividad fotocatalítica. Se demostró la obtención del TiO2 con fase anatasa mediante DRX.
Analisis Efektivitas JPO (Jembatan Penyeberangan Orang) di Jalan Pandanaran Kota Semarang
Authors: Suseno Dhony Priyo , Widiyastika Ardinia
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Jembatan Penyeberangan Orang (JPO) merupakan salah satu fasilitas pejalan kaki yang ditempatkan sesuai dengan tingkat kebutuhan bagi pejalan kaki dan lalu lintas kendaraan yang melintas pada ruas jalan yang bersangkutan. Penilaian efektivitas JPO akan menggunakan tiga standar parameter peraturan yaitu; Surat Edaran Menteri PUPR No.02/SE/M/2018 tentang Pedoman Perencanaan Teknis Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki, Keputusan Direktur Jendral Perhubungan Darat dengan Nomor SK.43/AJ/007/DRJD/97 tentang Keselamatan dan Kenyamanan Bagi Pejalan Kaki, serta DPU Direktorat Jendaral Bina Marga. Tiga JPO di jalan Pandanaran kota Semarang terletak di depan toko Merbabu (JPO-I), sky bridge (JPO-II), dan RS. Hermina (JPO-III).
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan data primer berupa observasi lapangan selama satu minggu. Hasil analisis menurut Surat Edaran Menteri PUPR bahwa JPO seharusnya berupa penyeberangan pelican dengan lapak tunggu. Hasil analisis menurut Keputusan Dirjen Perhubungan Darat yaitu; JPO-I tidak memenuhi syarat dengan persentase 40%, JPO-II memenuhi syarat dengan persentase 60%, dan JPO-III tidak memenuhi syarat dengan presentase 40%. Hasil analisis menurut DPU Direktorat Jendral Bina Marga yaitu; JPO-I memenuhi syarat dengan persentase 57,14%, JPO-II memenuhi syarat dengan persentase 57,14%, dan JPO- III tidak memenuhi syarat dengan persentase 42,85%. Berdasarkan syarat standar dan hasil kuisioner maka pembangunan JPO di jalan Pandanaran dikategorikan sebagai fasilitas penyeberangan yang tidak efektif.
Keywords:  Efektivitas, JPO, Pejalan Kaki, Parameter, Pelican
Analisis Perbandingan Metode Pemancangan dengan Diesel Hammer dan Hydraulic Static Pile Driver
Authors: Salim Mukhamad Afif , Agus Bambang Siswanto  , Hari Setijo Pudjihardjo
Published: January 2023

Proyek Pembangunan Kantor Pemerintahan Terpadu (KPT) Kabupaten Brebes merupakan salah satu proyek fenomenal pemerintah daerah Kabupeten Brebes tahun anggaran 2021, pembangunan ini merupakan tujuan dari pemerintah Kabupaten Brebes untuk merealisasikan penataan kantor pemerintahan yang layak dan terpusat dalam satu kawasan sehingga dapat dijalankanya pelayanan masyarakat secara maksimal. Bangunan gedung pemerintahan ini direncanakan memiliki enam lantai dengan jenis pondasi yang digunakan ialah pondasi tiang pancang spun pile. Dalam penelitian ini yang akan dilakukan adalah mengetahui perbandingan sistem metode kerja pemancangan antara Diesel hammer dengan Hydraulic static pile driver dalam pembangunan. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan studi kasus. Data berbentuk kuantitatif (angka), pembahasan disajikan dalam bentuk data dengan membandingkan dari segi waktu, biaya, dan serta mutu dari masing masing metode kerja. Pembahasan dan tahapan analisis yang dilakukan antara lain mulai dari pengumpulan data, membuat metode pekerjaan, menghitung waktu pelaksanaan dan rencana anggaran biaya, mengidentifikasi mutu pekerjaan dan menganalisa kelebihan dan kekurangan dari kedua metode. Dari analisis diketahui bahwa penggunaan metode pemancangan Hydraulic static pile driver (HSPD) memiliki efisiensi pada waktu pelaksanaan pekerjaan yang lebih cepat dan hasil mutu pelaksanaan yang lebih bagus, serta ramah bagi bangunan di lingkungan sekitar. Tetapi kekurangannya adalah biaya yang dikeluarkan lebih besar. Sedangkan kelebihan utama penggunaan metode pemancangan Diesel hammer adalah rencana anggaran biaya yang lebih kecil daripada metode HSPD, tetapi metode pemancangan Diesel hammer memiliki banyak kekurangan, yaitu lama dalam proses pekerjaan, kurangnya mutu dari hasil pemancangan, dan proses pelaksanaan pekerjaan kurang ramah bagi bangunan di lingkungan sekitar. Bedasarkan analisa perhitungan waktu dan biaya penggunaaan metode Diesel hammer memiliki total waktu pekerjaan selama 39 hari dengan memakan biaya sebesar Rp. 184.619.000,00. sedangkan penggunaaan metode HSPD memiliki total waktu pelaksanaan selama 18 hari, dan memakan biaya pekerjaan sebesar Rp. 160.661.000,00. sehingga terdapat efisiensi waktu kerja dan penggunaan biaya dari kedua metode pemancangan
KRIVIČNOPRAVNO SUPROTSTAVLJANJE VISOKOTEHNOLOŠKOM – KOMPJUTERSKOM KRIMINALITETU: SAVREMENI IZAZOVI, DILEME, PERSPEKTIVE
Authors: Karović Sadmir , Simović Marina M.
Published: January 2023

High-tech - computer crime by its nature and phenomenological prevalence is a transnational phenomenon that deserves special attention and interest of the scientific and professional public, primarily due to the negative consequences but also other specifics inherent in this crime. This paper emphasizes the conditionality and connection of information and communication technologies with crime, the complexity of defining this crime, Internet abuse as well as the criminal (material and procedural) aspect of these crimes, and their connection with other crimes. In that sense, certain specifics and problems of practical nature are stated in terms of timely, efficient and legal action of entities or law enforcement agencies in terms of timely detection and proof of these crimes, with reference to existing detection and evidence possibilities and shortcomings. Given the accelerated development of information and communication technologies as well as the present phenomenological diversity of these crimes, it is quite realistic to expect some new phenomenological forms of manifestation in the future, hence the real need to expand the catalog of these crimes and prescribe adequate and proportionate legal solutions, procedural nature in terms of gathering evidence.
A REVIEW OF THE EFFICIENCY OF JUSTICE AND OTHER ELEMENTS OF THE 2022 – 2025 CEPEJ ACTION PLAN: “DIGITALISATION FOR A BETTER JUSTICE”
Authors: Novaković Marko
Published: January 2023

CEPEJ (European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice) on the 20th anniversary of its work adopted the Action plan for the period 2022-2025 named “Digitalisation for a better justice”. Digitalisation has been playing an increasingly important role in the justice system in recent years, but its significance erupted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since digitalization is our present but even more our future, CEPEJ rightfully decided to focus its Action plan on this aspect of the judiciary. The author will review all aspects of the CEPEJ action plan, but the focus will remain on the efficiency of justice. One of the main conclusions is that the digitalisation of justice is an absolute necessity and all stakeholders should put it among their priorities (in a similar manner as CEPEJ did) but the process of digitalization should be conducted diligently and with proper assessment of its effects. Otherwise, digitalization might have the opposite effect in many areas of society, even leading to the denial of justice.
THE RIGHT TO A FAIR TRIAL IN THE ERA OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors: Șerb Bianca Mirabela
Published: January 2023

The right to a fair trial represents one of the elements of the principle of ensuring the rule of law in a democratic society. Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights, entitled “Right to a fair trial”, designates, on the one hand, all the procedural guarantees set out expressly by that provision and, on the other hand, the general and implied guarantee to a fair trial. In order to deliver a fair, efficient, and accessible justice - a crucial component of the rule of law - the use of information and communication technologies has become indispensable to the modernization of justice. This facilitates access to courts, reduces delays, boosts the quality-of-service delivery, and brings citizens closer to trusted justice systems.
PRIMENA DIGITALNE TEHNOLOGIJE U KONTEKSTU KRIVIČNOPRAVNE REAKCIJE NA KRIMINAL I PRAVO NA POŠTOVANJE PRIVATNOG ŽIVOTA: RASKORAK U BALANSIRANJU IZMEĐU JAVNOG I PRIVATNOG INTERESA sa posebnim osvrtom na praksu Evropskog suda za ljudska prava
Authors: Paunović Nikola
Published: January 2023

Daily development of digital technologies and the new opportunities they provide greatly shape our actions, encouraging us to get used to and adopt current technological achievements. One of the many areas in which the application of digital technologies is gaining ever greater importance is the criminal law field, which enables competent authorities to apply more sophisticated methods and techniques in discovering and recording data of criminal law significance. Starting from the fact that the exposed tendency towards the digitization of criminal law response to crime is taking on greater significance, the paper analyzes the most common technological achievements that find their application in this area, with special reference to the practice of the European Court of Human Rights, in order to recognize their potential risks. In the concluding remarks, it is emphasized that the application of digital technologies in practice, in addition to bringing a number of new opportunities in practical work to competent authorities, also creates numerous risks of arbitrary and excessive encroachment on the basic rights and freedoms of people. Therefore, properly weighing the balance, between the public interest that mandates their application to prevent disorder or crime and the private interest of citizens that dictates that their guaranteed rights must not be violated or endangered, should be respected in each case.
UNDERNEATH THE ROBOT JUDGE’S ROBE: DEMYSTIFYING THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE THROUGH A GLOBAL SOUTH PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Simões Agapito Leonardo , de Alencar e Miranda Matheus , Januário Túlio Felippe Xavier
Published: January 2023

Scientific and technological developments in the field of autonomous systems and artificial intelligence have provided and boosted their use in the most varied sectors of society. It is no different with activities carried out within the scope of criminal justice. Examples of these technologies being used in criminal investigations and procedures, including in assisting judgments, are increasingly frequent. However, it did not take long for questions to be raised regarding the limits of these systems and their possible impacts on the individuals’ guarantees. Although we cannot deny that some particularities of these technologies, especially of AI (such as the opacity and unpredictability of its output), pose risks to some fundamental guarantees in criminal proceedings, there is, in our view, at the basis of many doctrinal criticisms, a certain misunderstanding on what these technologies actually are, how they operate and how they are being used in the justice system. In view of this scenario, the aim of the present paper is precisely to investigate how artificial intelligence and autonomous systems have been used in criminal justice, so that we can identify what are, in fact, their potential impacts on Defendants’ rights and guarantees. For this, we will initially study the concept and operation of these technologies, so that we can understand their particularities. Subsequently, we will analyze their concrete application in the judicial sphere. For that, we will adopt as object of study, two of the best known systems of judicial assistance – HART and COMPAS – and the system used in Brazil, namely, the VICTOR. From the conclusions reached in the first two topics and applying the deductive methodology, we will seek to demystify some legends related to the so-called “robot judge”, identifying what are, in fact, its potentials and limits and which are the guarantees that are at stake.
ALGORITHMIZING CRIMINAL LAW: WHAT IS LEFT TO HUMAN JUDGMENT
Authors: Naziris Yannis
Published: January 2023

Algorithms have been used in criminal cases, while their use is expected to expand over the coming years. A case in point is sentencing, which will exceedingly rely on risk-assessment tools. There have been certain downsides, of course: aside from what many term as an ‘inhuman’ way of meting out justice, flaws also emerge in terms of the efficiency of such systems, especially taking into account the biases that are embedded therein. Digital systems are put together to facilitate judicial cooperation in cases featuring cross-border elements. Setting aside security issues, these systems are mostly effective in those fields, but human intervention will still be required in the foreseeable future. There simply appear to be matters where human intervention is indispensable. Reducing sets of rules to algorithms proves to be an effective way of teaching law (among other disciplines). Yet there are certain perils to this approach: for instance, it may lead to rote memorization of processes as opposed to cultivating the ability to delve into the system’s logic. These areas appear only superficially related. However, there may be a common reason underlying the limits of algorithms. Explaining why algorithms fall short presupposes a fundamental understanding of key areas which should be left to human judgment, at least for the time being. This paper will draw on some experience working with those systems in research projects and in teaching to outline these areas. Although the themes underlying this subject affect various fields of law, the emphasis will be on criminal law.
ZAŠTITA RAČUNARSKIH PODATAKA OD KOMPJUTERSKIH VIRUSA – KRIVIČNOPRAVNI ASPEKT –
Authors: Mirić Filip
Published: January 2023

Computer viruses are special programs designed to harm computers and large computer systems by changing the way they work. After defining the term computer virus, author in the paper will analyze the elements of the criminal offense of Creating and Introducing of Computer Viruses from Article 300 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Serbia (Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia, No. 85/2005...35/2019). In connection with this criminal offense, the issues of determining the place and time of execution, as well as the detection of perpetrators in cases when it was committed using publicly available computers and computer systems, are particularly interesting. Having in that mind the damage can occur with the use of computer viruses, the paper will present some practical cases, along with practical tips for protection against computer viruses. In a world full of digital threats, criminal law must create new incriminations and improve existing ones, in order to preserve the security of computer systems and data. This process is continuous and leads to a kind of “digitalization” of the criminal law.
The Relevance of Absorptive Capacity in Firms’ Innovation Strategies Measured via Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Vlačić Ernest , Dabić Marina , Božac Marli Gonan
Published: January 2023

Absorptive capacity (ACAP) as a function of systematic knowledge management is widely recognized as the catalyst for successful innovation performance in firms, particularly when it comes to identifying business opportunity information from the outside world and assimilating it into a firm’s innovation process. The concept of absorptive capacity became a widely researched topic in the area of organization and management, consequently, the definition of the ACAP components, its operationalization and outcomes, is extremely heterogeneous and has greatly affected the research production on ACAP. Therefore, the question arising is: Which approach to absorptive capacity will enable its being truly recognized as a concept at a global level, and in which areas of economy and business is ACAP most frequently encountered, particularly when it is connected to innovation processes? Based on a sample of 1288 papers within Web of Science Core Collection, this paper presents a bibliometric analysis of relevant publications on ACAP with the specific aim of gaining a deeper insight into the relevance of the impact of absorptive capacity on a firm’s innovation strategy. The results were systematized in a form of quantitative bibliographic review. The purpose of the analysis was to determine the existing level of the empirical and theoretical efforts in the research on ACAP, with a particular focus on firms and their innovation processes as well as knowledge management processes.
Pertumbuhan Ayam Kampung Super Umur 8-12 Minggu yang Diberi Pakan dengan Level Protein dan Energi Berbeda
Authors: Sartika Sartika , Badaruddin Rusli , Zulkarnain Deki , Auza Fuji Astuty
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pertumbuhan Ayam Kampung Super Umur 8-12 Minggu yang diberi Pakan dengan Level Protein dan Energi Berbeda. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas 4 ulangan sehingga terdapat 16 satuan percobaan, setiap ulangan terdiri dari 4 ekor ayam. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah : P0 = pakan mengandung 19% protein dan EM 2900 kkal/kg, P1= pakan mengandung 20% dan EM 3000 kkal/kg, P2= pakan mengandung 21% protein dan EM 3100 kkal/kg, P3= pakan mengandung 22% protein dan EM 3200 kkal/kg. Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan. Hasil dari penelitian Pertumbuhan Ayam Kampung Super Umur 8-12 Minggu yang diberi Pakan dengan Level Protein dan Energi Berbeda, tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi pakan.Kata kunci: Ayam kampung super, konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi pakan
Fracture Intensity Modelling in Rock Slopes and Field Representativeness Evaluation Using Discrete Fracture Networks
Authors: Rosada O. A. , Hernández-Carrillo R. , Beltrán G. I.
Published: January 2023

Defining the fracture intensity in DFN models is crucial since a good refinement level is required to represent the insitu rock slopes conditions adequately. Most estimates are expressed in terms of the number of discontinuities per unit length (P10). However, the area of discontinuities per unit volume (P32) seems more suitable for rock slopes modeling with DFN, given its volumetric conception. Some methodologies allow estimating P32 indirectly from P10, using simulated DFN models. In this work, P10 is obtained directly from surface measurements using a close-range photogrammetry device. Then, the effect of discordant geometric data of discontinuities in P10 estimation is addressed. Finally, DFN modeling with values of P10 was performed to evaluate the incidence in the assessment of P32 and the realistic representation of the discontinuities observed in situ. The results allowed establishing some relevant conclusions regarding the representativeness of discontinuities in rocky slopes, using simulated volumetric intensities in DFN modeling.
Nonlinear Flow Model for Rock Fracture Intersections and the Roles of the Intersecting Angle, Aperture and Fracture Roughness
Authors: Liu J. , Wang Z. C. , Qiao L. P.
Published: January 2023

There are multiple flow paths with different flow directions in fracture intersections. A general flow model synthetically describing the nonlinear flow behavior of multiple flow paths in different directions in two-dimensional fracture intersections was proposed for the analysis of fluid flow in rock fracture networks. Based on the flow simulations and experiments, regression functions in terms of each kind of geometric parameter were obtained to determine nonlinear coefficients. Through independent and comprehensive analysis, the quantitative relationships between the nonlinear coefficients of the fracture intersection flow model and multiple geometric parameters, such as the intersecting angle (θ), aperture (e), and roughness, were obtained. The parametric expressions of nonlinear flow models were verified by flow experiments of typical fracture intersections and simulated cases with complicated combinations of geometric parameters. It was proven that the parametric expressions of nonlinear flow models were capable of describing the nonlinear flow through fracture intersections. The results of this study show that fracture intersections have an obvious influence on the flow characteristics of different flow paths, which indicates that the influence of fracture intersections can enhance the hydraulic heterogeneity of fractured rock and need to be considered in the flow analysis of fracture networks.
Slope Stability Analyses of a Former Chalk Quarry Wall, Kent, UK
Authors: Ingram D. , Bottomley J. , Vazaios I.
Published: January 2023

A slope stability analyses utilizing LiDAR, photogrammetry, and Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) modelling has been conducted in a former chalk quarry in Kent, United Kingdom. Chalk cliffs excavated decades ago are a remnant of the quarrying process, and gradual rehabilitation and development of the quarry has seen the residential and mixed-use construction expand toward the cliff-lined boundary, necessitating an assessment of their stability. 3D photogrammetry and laser scanning using a drone allowed for the generation of a point cloud and accompanying colorized 3D mesh, which was used assess the rockmass and derive discontinuity orientations. Subsequent stereonet and kinematic analyses were conducted using Rocscience DIPS. The 3D mesh was used to derive fracture data to develop the DFN using Golder’s FracMan. This project has provided the opportunity to develop and directly apply a workflow utilizing state-of-the-art remote sensing techniques to DFN modelling for assessing rockmass and rockfall conditions in an active site for the rehabilitation of former quarry works.
Fracture Detection and Prediction Using Subsurface Data and Reservoir Analog
Authors: Djezzar Sofiane , Boualam Aldjia , Ouadi Habib , Laalam Aimen , Mouedden Nadia , Merzoug Ahmed , Chemmakh Abderraouf
Published: January 2023

The Mouydir basin is considered the less explored basin where only low-quality seismic 2D data is available. The negative wells were drilled on structures recognized through geological maps, gravity, and seismic refraction data. The Cambro-Ordovician is the main reservoir in the Mouydir basin. It is characterized by tight sandstone where the permeability ranges from 0.01 to 1 mD and porosity from 3% to 6% in the Cambrian and the Ordovician, respectively. A specific workflow is proposed to bring new insight and guide the future exploration in this basin using surface and subsurface data. The workflow includes surface data such as geological maps and digital elevation models and subsurface data such as gravity, seismic 2D, and core. The 3D fracture model is used to understand the fractures’ distribution, fractures’ connectivity, and fractures’ kinematics. The outcomes could be used to predict fractures’ extension and occurrence in the subsurface. The drilling of a horizontal pilot well perpendicular to the maximum horizontal stress could be a beginning of a new exploration era in Mouydir basin.
Discrete Fracture Network Modeling of a Giant, Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoir, Korolev Field, Kazakhstan
Authors: Earnest E. , Playton T. , Vitel S. , Hui R.
Published: January 2023

This study details characterization and Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) modeling of a naturally fractured carbonate reservoir with natural fractures and karst, or “non-matrix,” that are essential to production. Characterization of non-matrix follows a workflow where non-matrix is interpreted from image logs and core. Prediction of non-matrix intensity trends away from well control is performed using regression to identify covariance with static grid properties and modeled using Sequential Gaussian Simulation (SGS). DFNs are built to model fractures and karst with defined statistical distributions of orientation, size, aperture, and permeability. Several DFN realizations are created to capture uncertainty. A hybrid Embedded Discrete Fracture Model plus Dual Porosity Dual Permeability (DPDK) approach is employed for simulation. Each DFN is split into 3 different size bins, including “small” fractures upscaled and added to matrix; “medium” fractures upscaled and assigned to the DPDK grid; and “large” fractures and karst that are modeled as EDFM. The resulting EDFM+DPDK models are used in practice for forecasting and signposting primary production and IOR outcomes. This work highlights a workflow to incorporate fracture characterization with fracture prediction to build DFNs that are geologically robust, consistent with dynamic well test data, and application to EDFM+DPDK models for forecasting.
Use of Stochastic DFN-DEM Modelling for Overall and Inter-Ramp Slope Stability Analysis
Authors: Mathe N. L. , Ferentinou M. , Esmaeili K.
Published: January 2023

Geometric Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) models are constructed in this research project, where limited and insufficient field structural data were exploited statistically in terms of observed parameter distribution at the mine-scale perspective. The construction of a DFN model employing a disaggregate technique was suggested by descriptive statistics of intensities (P10), orientation and length. The DFN model was validated by field data. The calibrated DFN model was then exported in a two-dimensional Distinct Element Model (DEM) to assess the stability of a critical pit wall where the multiple block failures were recorded at the bench and inter-ramp slope scale. The DFN-DEM approach adopted in this study could model the slope stability state using the shear strength reduction (SSR) method. According to the results of the simulations, the critical strength reduction factor (SRF) values derived from each numerical simulation were highly dependent on the DFN geometry configuration, and the trace length. To quantify the uncertainty associated with the assumptions established during the DFN-DEM modelling process, a series of models were simulated with different DFN configuration. At the inter-ramp slope scale, the simulations were predominantly unstable (SRF≤1.0) over 30 DFN realisations. The probability of failure (PoF) averaged 70% with a mean safety factor of 0.93 for the simulated DEM slope models while using the LE method, an average PoF of 40% and mean safety factor of 1.08 were estimated.