bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cool, Luminous, and Highly Variable Stars in the Magellanic Clouds from ASAS-SN: Implications for Thorne–Żytkow Objects and Super-asymptotic Giant Branch Stars
Authors: O’Grady Anna J. G. , Drout Maria R. , Shappee B. J. , Bauer Evan B. , Fuller Jim , Kochanek C. S. , Jayasinghe T. , Gaensler B. M. , Stanek K. Z. , Holoien Thomas W.-S. , Prieto J. L. , Thompson Todd A.
Published: September 2020

Stars with unusual properties can provide a wealth of information about rare stages of stellar evolution and exotic physics. However, determining the true nature of peculiar stars is often difficult. In this work, we conduct a systematic search for cool and luminous stars in the Magellanic Clouds with extreme variability, motivated by the properties of the unusual Small Magellanic Cloud star and Thorne–Żytkow Object (TŻO) candidate HV 2112. Using light curves from ASAS-SN, we identify 38 stars with surface temperatures T < 4800 K, luminosities

(L/L
⊙) > 4.3, variability periods >400 days, and variability amplitudes ΔV > 2.5 mag. Eleven of these stars possess the distinctive double-peaked light-curve morphology of HV 2112. We use the pulsation properties and derived occurrence rates for these 12 objects to constrain their nature. From comparisons to stellar populations and models, we find that one star may be a red supergiant with large-amplitude pulsations. For the other 11 stars, we derive current masses of ∼5–10 M
⊙, below the theoretical minimum mass of ∼15 M
⊙ for TŻOs to be stable, casting doubt on this interpretation. Instead, we find that the temperatures, luminosities, mass-loss rates (MLRs), and periods of these stars are consistent with predictions for super-asymptotic giant branch (s-AGB) stars that have begun carbon burning but have not reached the superwind phase. We infer lifetimes in this phase of ∼(1–7) × 104 yr, also consistent with an s-AGB interpretation. If confirmed, these objects would represent the first identified population of s-AGB stars, illuminating the transition between low- and high-mass stellar evolution.
The Supermassive Black Hole Masses of Reverberation-mapped Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Yu 喻历 Li-Ming 明 , Bian 卞维 Wei-Hao 豪 , Zhang 张雪 Xue-Guang 光 , Zhao 赵碧 Bi-Xuan 轩 , Wang 王 Chan 婵 , Ge 葛 Xue 雪 , Zhu 朱冰 Bing-Qian 茜 , Chen 陈玉 Yu-Qin 琴
Published: September 2020

Using different kinds of velocity tracers derived from the broad Hβ profile (in the mean or rms spectrum) and the corresponding virial factors f, the central supermassive black hole masses (

) are calculated for a compiled sample of 120 reverberation-mapped (RM) active galactic nuclei (AGNs). For its subsample of RM AGNs with measured stellar velocity dispersion (

), the multivariate linear regression technique is used to calibrate the mean value f, as well as the variable FWHM-based f. It is found that, whether excluding the pseudobulges or not, the

from the Hβ line dispersion in the mean spectrum (

) has the smallest offset rms with respect to the

relation. For the total sample excluding SDSS-RM AGNs, with respect to

from

or that from the Hβ line dispersion in the rms spectrum (

), it is found that we can obtain

from the

with the smallest offset rms of 0.38 or 0.23 dex, respectively. It implies that, with respect to the Hβ FWHM, we prefer

to calculate

from the single-epoch spectrum. Using the FWHM-based f, we can improve the

calculation from FWHM(Hβ) and the mean f, with a decreased offset rms from 0.52 to 0.39 dex with respect to

from

for the subsample of 36 AGNs with

. The value of 0.39 dex is almost the same as that from

and the mean f.
Creating and Maintaining TDWG Vocabularies using Spreadsheets
Authors: Baskauf Steven J
Published: September 2020

Because TDWG vocabularies change and grow as they are developed by the community, it is nearly impossible to document their version history and generate both machine and human readable documentation by manual editing of multiple documents in several formats. In this talk, I will provide an overview of the workflow that has been established to maintain vocabularies in accordance with the TDWG Standards Documentation and Vocabulary Maintenance specifications. I will show how vocabulary creators and maintainers can use simple CSV spreadsheets to create new vocabularies or to update existing ones. I will also provide an overview of the Python scripts that TDWG infrastructure maintainers use to process those simple spreadsheets to turn them into the authoritative files in TDWG's rs.tdwg.org GitHub repository, which serves as the data source for both machine readable serializations of the vocabularies and human readable standards documents.
Clinical Negative Pressure Measurement after Border Molding Procedure
Authors: Shopova Dobromira A. , Slavchev Diyan
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Border molding of the custom tray’s edge is an important stage in the treatment of an edentulous jaw that determines the stability of prosthesis at rest and function. Solid, thermoplastic and silicon impression materials may be used in border molding. After bolder molding procedure, the negative pressure between the custom tray and the prosthetic field is created. This is an informal indication for a good impression.

Aim: To compare the negative pressure created after border molding procedure with different impression materials.

Materials and methods: 35 patients (17 men and 18 women) aged 51 to 87 years with a complete edentulous upper jaw were examined. New clinical method for negative pressure measurement was created.  We used a special custom tray with palatal adaptor and a pump. Two groups of impression materials were tested:  thermoplastic (Kerr impression compound green sticks, GC Iso functional sticks) and silicones (Detaseal function, Sta-seal f). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, confirmed by the absolute value analysis used to compare negative results, and a log transformation analysis for greater precision and also for negative data comparison.

Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the two thermoplastic materials – GC Iso functional sticks and Impression compound green sticks. The mean group difference between these materials was 0.049 bars. There was no statistically significant difference between the other groups of materials.

Conclusion: Quantitative measurement of negative pressure, created between the custom tray and the prosthetic field is entirely possible under clinical conditions.
The Conundrum of Prematurity and Pregnancy Outcomes after Fertility Sparing Treatment Modalities for Early Stage Cervical Cancer:  A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Pandraklakis Anastasios , Thomakos Nikolaos , Prodromidou Anastasia , Oikonomou Maria D. , Papanikolaou IoannisIoannis G. , Vlachos Dimitrios-Efthimios G. , Haidopoulos Dimitrios , Daskalakis Georgios , Rodolakis Alexandros
Published: September 2020

Advances in modern medicine have allowed patients with early stage cervical cancer (stages Ia - IIai) to preserve their fertility with oncologic efficacy comparable to previous radical treatments. A variety of conservative-fertility sparing procedures, also known as Fertility Sparing Surgeries (FSS) have been proposed. The present review aimed to provide the current evidence on obstetric outcomes and the prematurity rates as well as to discuss the management modalities of these high-risk pregnancies. Our review of the literature included 3042 women with early cervical cancer, of whom 2838 underwent FSS (204 excluded for oncologic reasons). Almost half of these patients attempted to become pregnant and about two thirds of them achieved at least one pregnancy either spontaneously or with the help of Assisted Reproduction Technologies. Data revealed that 63.9% of these pregnancies resulted in live births, whereas 37.6% of them were preterm. The main cause of preterm births in this subpopulation is the postoperative cervical length restriction that consequently leads to cervical incompetence and ascending infections that eventually lead to (clinical or subclinical) chorioamnionitis. Radical operations such as ART, VRT and MIRT presented with higher prematurity rates. The lack of standardized protocols for the management of pregnancies after FSS precluded reaching to firm results with regards to the efficacy of them in achieving favourable obstetrical outcomes. Further large volume studies are warranted with the intent to acquire standardized guidelines for pregnancies achieved after FSS for early stage cervical cancer.
Acute exogenous intoxications and homocysteine
Authors: Tufkova Stoilka , Paskaleva Diana , Sandeva Milena
Published: September 2020

Inroduction: Oxidative stress is an important pathogenetic factor in a number of socially significant diseases, including the acute exogenous poisoning. Homocysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid synthesized on the basis of methionine, which plays an important role as an oxidizing agent in the human body. As such a factor, it was the monitored subject of this study.

Aim: To measure the level of homocysteine in acute exogenous poisoning with alcohol, heroin and cerebro-toxic drugs.

Materials and methods: This is a prospective longitudinal study including 118 patients with moderate or severe acute poisoning with cerebro-toxic drugs (n=45), alcohol (n=40), heroin (n=33) and a “control group” (n=35). Clinical laboratory tests were performed according to the standards of a clinical laboratory. In the statistical analysis we used alternative and variance analysis, parametric methods for hypothesis assessment, and nonparametric methods for normal distribution.

Results and discussion: The results showed that for the three groups of intoxications, the average homocysteine levels were higher than those of the control group (р<0.001). The intergroup comparison criterion for normal distribution showed that the changes in patients with alcohol intoxication (u=3.39; р<0.001) and heroin intoxication (u=2.00; р<0.001) were highly statistically significant without correlating with the severity of the poisoning (р>0.05).

Conclusion: There is a risk of oxidative stress in intoxication with alcohol and narcotics. A reliable marker for the complex evaluation of oxidative stress in people is monitoring the serum level of homocysteine and its careful interpretation.
Assessment of Children Exposed to Maras Powder Intoxication
Authors: Dalkiran Tahir , Özaslan Mehmed Mustafa , Acipayam Can , Kandur Yaşar , Unsal Velid
Published: September 2020

Introduction: A smokeless tobacco known as Maras powder (MP) is commonly consumed in the southern region of Turkey. To the extent of our knowledge, no previous study in literature has reported acute MP intoxication in children.

Aim: Our aim was to determine the clinical effects and treatment strategies of MP poisoning in children.Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children <18 years of age with MP intoxication who were followed up in the Intensive Care Unit between January 2016 and April 2018 in our center.

Results: Forty-one patients (M/F= 25/16) were included in this study. The mean age was 13.2±22.4 months (age range: 7 to 30 months). The patients presented with vomiting (n=23, 56%), cough (n=17, 41.5%), loss of consciousness (n=11, 26.8%), respiratory distress (n=6, 14.6%), convulsion (n=7, 17%), cyanosis (n=1, 2.4%), and abdominal pain (n=1, 2.4%) following oral ingestion of the substance. On their physical examination all patients with convulsion were in a comatose state. Thirty-two patients (78%) had tachycardia; 15 patients (36.5%) had pharyngeal hyperemia; and three (7.3%) had hiccups. Although the female patients had a lesser rate of symptoms than male patients, the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions: Our aim was to inform the doctors about the clinical picture that develops after taking this substance and contribute to the understanding of the treatment approach.
Insulin-induced Lipoatrophy in a Patient on Insulin Analogue Therapy: a Case Report
Authors: Yanachkova Vesselina , Staynova Radiana
Published: September 2020

Insulin-induced lipoatrophy is a rare skin complication in patients with diabetes mellitus. It is characterized primarily by localized subcutaneous atrophy of the fatty tissue at the site of frequent insulin injection. We report a clinical case of a 38-year-old woman with lipoatrophy, developed during treatment with insulin analogues. Lipoatrophic zone formation began 3 months after the treatment was initiated. A lipoatrophic defect developed on the thighs and the upper outer arms, resulting from repeated insulin injections at the same site. Regarding lipoatrophic areas, treatment with topical administration of corticosteroids was attempted but without a significant clinical effect. The best prevention from lipoatrophy development is education of patients regarding rotation of insulin injection sites and more frequent needle change.
Non-hematopoietic erythropoietin-derived peptides for atheroprotection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Belyaeva Veronika S. , Stepenko Yulia V. , Lyubimov Igor I. , Kulikov Alexandr L. , Tietze Alesia A. , Kochkarova Indira S. , Martynova Olga V. , Pokopeyko Olga N. , Krupen’kina Liliya A. , Nagikh Andrey S. , Pokrovskiy Vladimir M. , Patrakhanov Evgeniy A. , Belashova Anastasia V. , Lebedev Petr R. , Gureeva Anastasia V.
Published: September 2020

Relevance: Cardiovascular diseases continue to be the leading cause of premature adult death.

Lipid profile and atherogenesis: Dislipidaemia leads to subsequent lipid accumulation and migration of immuno­competent cells into the vessel intima. Macrophages accumulate cholesterol forming foam cells – the morphological substrate of atherosclerosis in its initial stage.

Inflammation and atherogenesis: Pro-inflammatory factors provoke oxidative stress, vascular wall damage and foam cells formation.

Endothelial and mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of atherosclerosis: Endothelial mitochondria are some of the organelles most sensitive to oxidative stress. Damaged mitochondria produce excess superoxide and H2O2, which are the main factors of intracellular damage, further increasing endothelial dysfunction.

Short non-hematopoietic erythropoietin-based peptides as innovative atheroprotectors: Research in recent dec­ades has shown that erythropoietin has a high cytoprotective activity, which is mainly associated with exposure to the mitochondrial link and has been confirmed in various experimental models. There is also a short-chain derivative, the 11-amino acid pyroglutamate helix B surface peptide (PHBSP), which selectively binds to the erythropoietin hetero­dymic receptor and reproduces its cytoprotective properties. This indicates the promising use of short-chain derivatives of erythropoietin for the treatment and prevention of atherosclerotic vascular injury. In the future, it is planned to study the PHBSP derivatives, the modification of which consists in adding RGD and PGP tripeptides with antiaggregant properties to the original 11-member peptide.
Comment favoriser la communication thérapeutique avec une population vulnérable ?
Authors: Gautier Lara , Spagnolo Jessica , Quesnel-Vallée Amélie
Published: September 2020

En France, les mineurs non accompagnés ( mna ) rencontrent de multiples obstacles qui peuvent avoir des effets négatifs sur leur santé mentale. Les professionnels de la santé et du social qui participent à leur prise en charge doivent développer et mettre en œuvre des approches et outils adaptés aux réalités des mna et qui leur offrent un espace d’interactions le plus ouvert possible. À partir d’une revue de littérature, nous proposons dans cet article de dresser un état des lieux de la santé mentale des mna et d’identifier les approches ainsi que les outils développés et mis en œuvre par les professionnels qui visent à favoriser la communication et l’expression des mna (notamment l’approche interculturelle, le travail en interdisciplinarité, l’art-thérapie). Nous formulons en conclusion plusieurs pistes de réflexion à l’endroit des professionnels et des pouvoirs publics qui travaillent avec ce jeune public migrant.
Structure sociale, changements démographiques et transition démocratique au Paraguay
Authors: Ortiz Luis , Labarthe Sunniva
Published: September 2020

La société paraguayenne, entendue comme structure sociale, présentait durant les dernières années du régime autoritaire d’Alfredo Stroessner (1954-1989) certains traits qui allaient persister au cours des trois décennies qui suivirent le renversement de sa dictature, au cours d’un processus de démocratisation sinueux et difficile. L’un de ces traits, peut-être le plus remarquable, est la fragmentation sociale, en fonction de laquelle les relations entre classes sociales se caractérisent depuis par une tension récurrente autour des ressources et des opportunités. Cette tension prend des formes institutionnelles et territoriales, respectivement, de segmentation et de ségrégation. Ces caractéristiques se sont maintenues structurellement pendant trente ans, changeant cependant de formes et de dimensions, dans une dynamique qui explique en grande partie les limites du régime démocratique dans l’histoire récente du Paraguay, en dépit de cycles oscillants de croissance économique et de stabilité institutionnelle. Cet article se propose de mettre en lumière la convergence de différents processus démographiques et sociaux qui expliquent les changements significatifs de la structure sociale du Paraguay depuis la fin du XX e siècle. Ces évolutions ont principalement été marquées par trois caractéristiques : une transition démographique marquée (et tardive), l’extension de l’accès à l’éducation à toute la population d’âge scolaire et la variation en volume et en proportion des catégories sociales dans la structure sociale. Parmi ces trois changements, les effets de la réforme de l’éducation des années 1990 méritent une attention particulière ; l’un des plus notoires étant la croissance de la classe moyenne urbaine liée au secteur tertiaire, dont l’ascension a atténué le mécontentement face à la persistance des inégalités sociales après trois décennies de démocratisation. De même, l’expansion des catégories sociales intermédiaires a atténué la contradiction entre croissance et concentration des revenus qui s’est traduite par une augmentation de la création de valeur ajoutée aux dépens d’une classe défavorisée, appauvrie et exclue. Afin d’exposer les principaux tenants et aboutissants de ces processus, cette étude se fonde sur des sources secondaires, incluant des données statistiques et des informations bibliographiques.
Comparison between Taylor and perturbed method for Volterra integral equation of the first kind
Authors: Djaidja Noui , Nadir Mostefa
Published: September 2020

As it is known the equation \begin{document}$ A\varphi = f $\end{document} with injective compact operator has a unique solution for all \begin{document}$ f $\end{document} in the range \begin{document}$ R(A). $\end{document}Unfortunately, the right-hand side \begin{document}$ f $\end{document} is never known exactly, so we can take an approximate data \begin{document}$ f_{\delta } $\end{document} and used the perturbed problem \begin{document}$ \alpha \varphi +A\varphi = f_{\delta } $\end{document} where the solution \begin{document}$ \varphi _{\alpha \delta } $\end{document} depends continuously on the data \begin{document}$ f_{\delta }, $\end{document} and the bounded inverse operator \begin{document}$ \left( \alpha I+A \right) ^{-1} $\end{document} approximates the unbounded operator \begin{document}$ A^{-1} $\end{document} but not stable. In this work we obtain the convergence of the approximate solution of \begin{document}$ \varphi _{\alpha \delta } $\end{document} of the perturbed equation to the exact solution \begin{document}$ \varphi $\end{document} of initial equation provided \begin{document}$ \alpha $\end{document} tends to zero with \begin{document}$ \dfrac{\delta }{\sqrt{\alpha }}. $\end{document}
Un errare significativo nella tradizione di Genesi 47:5-6
Authors: Catastini Alessandro
Published: September 2020

Este artículo examina el texto de Génesis 47,5-6. Respecto al TM, LXX presenta un texto más extenso que, en su forma originaria hebrea (bien reconstruible), muestra las características por un error mecánico banal poligenético (homoioteleuton) que ha tenido lugar en un cierto momento de la transmisión. La forma final del TM se revela como la resultante de un intento de subsanar el error; sin embargo, tal tentativa es torpe y viene a determinar un error esta vez no poligenético, significativo desde el punto de vista de la filiación de los testimonios: LXX atestigua el original, mientras que el texto de la tradición del versículo constituye una ramificación independiente que arranca del subarquetipo ('I'), que a su vez se remonta al error significativo.
Sophismus und seine Beurteilung im Talmud
Authors: Nádor Georg
Published: September 2020

La visión general sobre el pensamiento talmúdico ha sido formulada enfáticamente por Julius Guttmann: los sabios talmúdicos no estaban influidos por la filosofía griega. Esta tesis debe ser revisada. Uno de los casos cruciales en este punto es la actitud de los rabinos hacia los métodos de argumentación socráticos y sofisticas. El presente estudio muestra que, aunque la técnica de términos para el pensamiento escéptico no emergió hasta la Edad Media, el problema en sí mismo se remonta a los tiempos misnaicos. Se debatía bajo la cobertura de una imagen metafórica concreta: «purificar al reptil con mumerosos argumentos». Durante la época talmúdica se pueden distinguir tres períodos sucesivos en la valoración de esta forma de pensamiento: 1) una actitud negativa, hasta el año 200; 2) bajo la influencia de las corrientes neo- sofisticas, una evaluación positiva, especialmente desde el año 200 al 300; 3) una actitud crítica que hace distinción entre los métodos sofísticos y dialécticos.
Notas sobre una inscripción hebrea en Senés (Almería)
Authors: Cano María José
Published: September 2020

En este artículo se describe una inscripción rupestre en caracteres hebreos, encontrada en el pueblo de Senés (Almería, España). Esta inscripción es uno de los escasos datos que testimonian la presencia judía en la provincia de Almería.
Los judíos en las cortes reales portuguesas
Authors: Faingold Reuven
Published: September 2020

A partir de fuentes cristianas y judías, especialmente las de los «Livros de Chancellaria» reales que se encuentran en el «Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo» de Lisboa, se describe la imagen del «judeu de corte» (חצרן) desde la consolidación de la nación lusitana en el siglo XII hasta que surgió el problema del «cristão novo» en la sociedad portuguesa a fines del siglo XV. En opinión del autor, la participación de personalidades judías en las cortes dificultaba la convivencia entre los judíos y cristianos de aquella sociedad de la época.
Aspectos de la diplomacia del Antiguo Egipto. Hasta ca. 1320 a. C.
Authors: Galán Allué José Manuel
Published: September 2020

Los textos egipcios dejan constancia de que los contactos pacíficos con intenciones comerciales que Egipto mantenía con territorios vecinos desde los comienzos de su historia comenzaron a regularizarse y a formalizarse a finales del siglo XX y comienzos del XIX a. C. Estos contactos estaban mediatizados por la figura del comisionado (wpwtyw), que actuaba como guía-intérprete o mensajero del rey, o como potavoz o representante de las embajadas extranjeras ante el rey. El comisionado fue adquiriendo un mayor protagonismo en los asuntos exteriores de la monarquía bajo la dinastía XVIII; sus acciones se identificaban con las del propio rey y, como consecuencia, hasta las fronteras del reino (t3š) se identificaban con el perímetro de sus acciones.
¿Ascendencia judia de Fernando el Católico?
Authors: Romano David
Published: September 2020

Con el material recogido resulta bastante evidente que sobre la ascendencia judía de Fernando el Católico no disponemos de información incontrovertible, pues se trata de referencias imprecisas, en general copiadas en textos que «heurísticamente nunca fueron fuentes de primera mano». Los datos conocidos se refieren genéricamente a la ascendencia judía y los concretos a la tatarabuela de Fernando el Católico, o sea, la bisabuela de Juana Enríquez. A menos que se aduzcan otros motivos verosímiles, por el momento hay que desechar la historicidad del origen judío de Fernando el Católico y, en consecuencia, corregir la noticia que figura en algunas enciclopedias.
Hatsor salomónica y Hatsor cananea. V campaña de excavaciones arqueológicas en Tell Hatsor
Authors: Rubiato Díaz Mª Teresa
Published: September 2020

Los resultados de las últimas excavaciones en Tel Hatsor permiten asignar definitivamente al periodo salomónico la puerta de seis cámaras y la muralla acasamatada, así como un edificio civil y una calle de ronda empredada. Por otra parte, un gran palacio cananeo del Bronce Último, con influencias arquitectónicas sirias, está siendo descubierto en la acrópolis de Hatsor. Este descubrimiento es de máxima importancia, ya que es prácticamente el único edificio claramente palacial de este período descubierto hasta ahora en la zona.
Working Anywhere Management Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Blount Yvette
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines the literature relating to information and communications technology (ICT) and opportunities and barriers relating to anywhere working. The workforce is becoming more global, and workers can work from anywhere and still be connected with colleagues and collaborators. Although ICT is an enabler of anywhere working, sustainable anywhere working requires specific management skills and capabilities. Globalization of work requires organizations to manage workers ranging from full-time employees through to freelancers working in different locations including a central office, co-working center, from home, and other flexible options. The chapter concludes by proposing a research agenda and conceptual framework to identify the management skills and capabilities required to successfully manage anywhere working (other terms include telework and telecommuting). The proposed conceptual framework will inform researchers and managers on best practice for adopting sustainable anywhere working to achieve strategic business objectives.
Traditional Teaching Pedagogy
Authors: Patel Bhagwati Charan , Goel Naveen , Deshmukh Kusumanjali
Published: September 2020

In recent decades, education systems have become challenging tasks. However, in the era of globalization, educational systems have to found a new approach of teaching and learning towards a more active and productive education. This chapter covers conventional teaching approach paradigm, which is teacher-centric, and a new paradigm, which is student-centric. In teacher-centric methods, teachers play significant roles in the learning process. Teachers are source of knowledge providers, facilitator, or evaluator to observe students to acquire the correct answers, yet students are considered as learners who passively receive information. In contrast, in the student-centric methods, students play a vital role in their learning course and resolve how to accomplish their required learning outcomes on their own. They also figure out their facts and are allowed to think critically. This chapter finds that this new paradigm could develop more active learners who have acquired the skills of problem solving, independent thinking, and autonomous learning.
Teaching and Assessment of Course Outcomes in Switching Theory and Logic Design Course
Authors: Garapati Durga Prasad , Padmaja S. M. , Ramana N. V.
Published: September 2020

Outcome-based education (OBE) is nothing but education based on the results. It's an approach that concentrates and organizes an education system in order to know, value, and be capable of achieving the desired skill level, which is essential for each learner. OBE helps in assessing the learners in different way rather than traditional evaluation of giving grades/ranks. Assessment is an important method for evaluating a student's progress after a learning process. A substantial effort was made to define the different elements that constitute a good program evaluation process from the observable study results at the level of courses and programmes by mapping and analysis information. Assessment tools are required to know how well programs and courses are listening for students. Based on the course, the assessment may be the formative or summative to assess the learning of the learners. OBE is the widely accepted method in measuring the learner's outcome.
Outcome-Based Education in Business Schools
Authors: Solomon Priya , Khandelwal Ruchi
Published: September 2020

Traditional approaches to education seem to be a legacy of the industrial revolution which are fast facing value erosion in the context of Industry 4.0. Today, in the VUCA world of disruptions, it is needless to say that the emergence of big data, artificial intelligence, and machine learning have facilitated the emergence of new pedagogies in learning like personalised learning and outcome- based approach to education. The prime focus of outcome-based education (OBE) is on the learning outcomes, which are expected to be attained at the completion of a course by a student rather than how they have attained the desired outcomes. The chapter seeks to provide an insight as to how the teaching learning processes and practices in business schools (management institutions) need to be further revamped to become outcome based to build the necessary skillsets and competencies in learners to increase their employability and develop an innovative and creative mindset in them to effectively meet the challenges of the workplace in future in the context of Industry 4.0. The chapter would draw the attention of policymakers, administrators, and academic practitioners and help them to create and support learning spaces within the academic ecosystem without compromising the individuality, creativity, and innovation of the learners.
Social Entrepreneurship and Related Concepts
Authors: López-Cózar-Navarro Cristina , Priede-Bergamini Tiziana
Published: September 2020

In the past few decades, a new way of responding to social and environmental problems has emerge: the social entrepreneurship. It is presented as a special type of venture, in which the creation of social value prevails over the maximization of profits. Thus, the main objective of these types of ventures is to serve the community and to search for a positive social change. In this chapter, in addition to presenting the concept of social entrepreneurship and its various approaches within the so-called third sector and the emergent fourth sector, the main sources of funding that can be used by social entrepreneurs are also presented, especially business angels and crowdfunding, are detailed. New paradigms such as the collaborative economy and the circular economy are also addressed within social economy, highlighting the relationship with social entrepreneurship and the path of opportunity to foster new ventures in these fields.
The Mutual Influence Between Legitimacy and Nascent Second-Generation Ethnic Entrepreneurship
Authors: Dang Cat-My
Published: September 2020

This chapter investigates the interaction between legitimacy and nascent ethnic entrepreneurship in the country of residence. The study relies on institutional theory to demonstrate that host institutions and ethnic institutions play different roles in the early stages of second-generation ethnic entrepreneurship. The qualitative data in this study demonstrate that second-generation ethnic entrepreneurs are firmly embedded in the mainstream community and, therefore, earn proper legitimacy in various industries in the mainstream market. On the one hand, the prevailing connections between entrepreneurs and their ethnic communities provide second-generation ethnic entrepreneurship with the legitimacy to contribute to society. On the other hand, ethnic society legitimates the entrepreneurial activities of second-generation ethnic entrepreneurs because of these contributions. Moreover, the results of this study illustrate the reciprocal process in which institutions recognize the legitimacy of nascent second-generation ethnic entrepreneurship in different contexts.
Entrepreneurship and Happiness
Authors: Saraiva Helena I. B. , Gabriel Vítor M. S. , Sánchez-García Jose C. , Hernández-Sánchez Brizeida Raquel , Cardella Giuseppina Maria
Published: September 2020

Subjective well-being and happiness have taken on increasing interest and relevance. Recently some governments and entities have been presenting, developing, and supporting happiness indexes. Regarding entrepreneurial activity, the presentation of global indexes has been developed for some more years until now. However, despite the existence of these two kinds of analysis, few studies have, so far, focused on comparing the evolution of the two sets of indicators, as well as on the hypothetical relationship between them, which prefigures a gap in the literature. In the present work, an exploratory analysis is performed on this theme, trying to establish the basis for identifying the existence of relationship between both types of indicators, using the comparison between two of the main open access databases, namely data from the World Happiness Report (WHR) and from the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI).
3R Principle in Household Energy Consumption Patterns
Authors: Yildirim Seda
Published: September 2020

Energy is an important issue for achieving sustainable development. Sustainable Development Goals emphasize renewable energy sources, green energy technologies, and energy efficiency for sustainable world. In addition, energy consumption patterns can influence energy efficiency as much as green energy policies. In this point, sustainable consumption patterns should be adapted into energy consumption. 3R principle can be an alternative model for sustainable energy consumption. This study aims to explore how household can adapt 3R principle in energy consumption patterns in Turkey. Turkey aims to achieve sustainable development goals and especially works to achieve energy security and efficiency in the long term. In this point, the contribution of households will play a critical role for energy efficiency and security in a country. The study analyzed open access data from TURKSTAT (Turkish Statistical Institute) to determine the framework of household energy consumption patterns.
Insight of Green Economy in Algeria
Authors: Arabeche Zina , Abdelli Mohammed El Amine
Published: September 2020

Since the emergence of the industrial revolution, the use of energy resources has increased considerably, particularly non renewable (coal, oil and gas), so these resources are no longer sufficient to cover the different energy needs, and this has become a challenge to the energy independance of many gouvernment now and in the future. This has caused the world to scramble for other ways to satisfy these needs in which the results of scientific research and development envolved from alternative uses of old energy sources and named green economy, and many think about the future of energy despite the barriers that still hinder the general application of this type of economy. Energy consumption in Algeria is focused almost entirely on fossil fuels, hydrocarbons, and gas in particular. In recent years, Algeria is deciding to move intro the green economy, the unique solution for meeting future energy requirements and helping reduce environmental risks.
Organizational Strategies for Building Community Among Remote Adjunct Faculty
Authors: Christopher Kenneth
Published: September 2020

This chapter presents a case study to address the question: What are the perceptions of academic program directors and adjunct faculty about institutional and program-specific practices to build community among remote adjunct faculty? A review of literature evidences that part-time faculty have become a substantial component of the delivery of higher education, but there is a need to assess the nature of the relationship between part-time faculty and the institutions they work for. Through a series of telephone interviews, faculty and program directors' perceptions were analyzed to articulate themes associated with defining the nature of community at a college or university and to identify activities or practices at the institutional and program levels that lend themselves to building community. Results suggest that colleges and universities should focus on strategies that build and solidify faculty relationships and focus on the allocation of resources.
Becoming One Faculty in Pursuit of Student Success
Authors: Sprute Katie MacDonald , Gilpatrick Marjaneh
Published: September 2020

Online adjunct faculty at an institute of higher education (IHE) in the Southwestern United States reside all around the world. Training, supporting, and fostering a sense of community among these faculty members can be challenging. In this chapter, College of Education (COE) administrators provide examples of various initiatives in the areas of training, development, collaboration, and engagement with the goals of becoming one faculty in the pursuit of student success. Each initiative is grounded in theory and best practices and has resulted in progress as well as areas for refinement. In this chapter, the authors describe several initiatives: faculty onboarding, faculty mentorship, faculty end of course surveys, faculty circles, online adjunct faculty focus groups, online webinar trainings, workshops, and the 5×5 online course review tool.
It Takes a Village to Build an Effective Adjunct Community
Authors: Matthews Eugene M.
Published: September 2020

It is understood that not all adjunct faculty seek a full-time position with an institution, nor do they necessarily look for ways to engage with an institution beyond teaching for compensation. This chapter is not intended to explore either of these perspectives, but rather focuses on deepening the engagement of those adjunct faculty interested in collaboration and professional development with the institution or program they serve. Full-time faculty and program leadership are vital to creating conditions to enhance the relationship between adjunct faculty and their academic programs. This chapter offers a first-person account of one academic program leader's reflective journey to support adjunct faculty in a criminal justice program. This chapter shares some techniques used by the author to organize a digital workspace that positions adjunct faculty to engage or participate with the institution and program on their terms. This chapter also offers some proven practices as examples for creating community among adjunct faculty and the institution or program they serve.
Lessons From the Field
Authors: Cross Ted , Delgado Gina , Polk Laura , Love Michelle
Published: September 2020

Online education has opened new spaces for faculty development and collaboration. On paper, remote faculty are part of their department's community. Physically, however, they are often removed from course development, faculty governance, obtaining professional growth opportunities, and developing professional relationships. Digital teaching models shift the overall faculty culture. However, there are small and simple interventions that can be implemented to help connect remote faculty to students, other faculty members, and their academic departments. Using intergroup contact theory and ideas from the community of practice theory, the cases highlighted show methods of engaging faculty. The cases also explore simple, yet practical, interventions such as virtual and face-to-face faculty meetings as well as “the micro interview,” which aims to help connect remote faculty to their departments.
Holistic Evaluation and Support of Remote, Adjunct Faculty
Authors: Mandernach B. Jean , Holbeck Rick
Published: September 2020

Remote, adjunct faculty are becoming a large population for many institutions as online learning continues to grow. Because of the growth in this population of instructors, traditional means of evaluating faculty may not be efficient or scalable. Learning management systems (LMSs) can provide teaching analytics for many instructional behaviors. By building an analytics dashboard that collects instructor and student behaviors in online classrooms, institutions may be able to evaluate and support instructors in a more cost-effective and efficient way. This chapter will discuss the use of teaching analytics and their role in creating a holistic approach to teaching evaluation and faculty support.
Holistic Evaluation Strategies to Empower Remote Adjunct Faculty
Authors: Blake Marlene N.
Published: September 2020

To ensure a quality educational experience for students, it is important to establish effective evaluation strategies to support remote adjunct faculty. Adapting a comprehensive process of training, mentoring, evaluating, and providing ongoing support strategies and professional development opportunities builds a foundation for faculty success. Implementing scalable strategies for holistic evaluation offers opportunities to further support adjunct faculty teaching online. This chapter will share effective evaluation practices that provide purposeful strategies to empower adjunct faculty to strengthen skills and ultimately support student success as well as learning in the classroom.
An Analysis for the Use of Simulation Modeling in Reducing Patient Waiting Time in Emergency Departments (EDs) in Hospitals
Authors: Khekale Shailesh Narayanrao , Askhedkar Ramesh D. , Parikh Rajesh H.
Published: September 2020

The emergency department (ED) plays crucial role in providing 24-hour healthcare services to the ill with speed, accuracy, and sympathy. ED faces the problem of patient waiting time, which leads to patient dissatisfaction and patient crowding. This paper presents a systematic literature review of simulation of ED in healthcare systems from 1970 to 2013. The objectives of this review are to highlight the importance and role of simulation studies to solve the problem of patient waiting time faced by the ED. It also discusses how simulation can be better applied as a tool to solve these problems. The authors found that these simulation studies focus important insights into ED problems, but they also had some limitations that should be addressed.
Educational Data Mining Applied to a Massive Course
Authors: Bezerra Luis Naito Mendes , Silva Márcia Terra
Published: September 2020

In the current context of distance learning, learning management systems (LMSs) make it possible to store large volumes of data on web browsing and completed assignments. To understand student behavior patterns in this type of environment, educators and managers must rethink conventional approaches to the analysis of these data and use appropriate computational solutions, such as educational data mining (EDM). Previous studies have tested the application of EDM on small datasets. The main contribution of the present study is the application of EDM algorithms and the analysis of the results in a massive course delivered by a Brazilian University to 181,677 undergraduate students enrolled in different fields. The use of key algorithms in educational contexts, such as decision trees and clustering, can reveal relevant knowledge, including the attribute type that most significantly contributes to passing a course and the behavior patterns of groups of students who fail.
Effective Structure Matching Algorithm for Automatic Assessment of Use-Case Diagram
Authors: Vachharajani Vinay , Pareek Jyoti
Published: September 2020

The demand for higher education keeps on increasing. The invention of information technology and e-learning have, to a large extent, solved the problem of shortage of skilled and qualified teachers. But there is no guarantee that this will ensure the high quality of learning. In spite of large number of students, though the delivery of learning materials and tests to the students have become very easy by uploading the same on the web, assessment could be tedious. There is a need to develop tools and technologies for fully automated assessment. In this paper, an innovative algorithm has been proposed for matching structures of two use-case diagrams drawn by a student and an expert respectively for automatic assessment of the same. Zhang and Shasha's tree edit distance algorithm has been extended for assessing use-case diagrams. Results from 445 students' answers based on 14 different scenarios are analyzed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. No comparable study has been reported by any other diagram assessing algorithms in the research literature.
When a Pandemic Reminds Us of Panresponsibility
Authors: Kazandjian Vahé A.
Published: September 2020

This editorial addresses the epidemiological and social imperatives associated with observing a public health outbreak. Using population behaviors as a determinant of the extent to which events progress to alter populations, geographic regions, or the globe, the author builds on his worldwide expertise in epidemiology and quality of healthcare services to propose the crucial need of having a shared global responsibility. While the impetus of this article is the COVID-19 pandemic, the generic predisposing factors and past public health outbreaks are used to place the ravages of the present pandemic into a framework of interpretation as well as for prediction of future events and associated social and public health preparedness. Without the use of statistics and analytic methods of inquiry, the author addresses the core aspects of fear and hope all populations and societies have to balance to understand, accept, and co-exist with events that befall upon them and encroach on their existing lifestyle and quality of life expectations.
Association of Occupational Burnout and Nursing Errors With Patient Safety
Authors: Pappa Despoina , Dafogianni Chrysoula
Published: September 2020

During the daily nursing practice, dangerous situations might appear that, if not recognized and treated early, can lead to fatigue and professional burnout, causing detrimental consequences for the patient's safety and the adequacy of the healthcare quality of the provider. This article aims to synthesize existing research investigating the association between burnout in healthcare professionals with the safety of patient care in the last decade. The authors herein examined specific nurse surveys that involve burnout assessment and association with clinical errors throughout nurse provided care. Results from this search indicate that patient safety culture must be cultivated towards nursing errors and burnout reduction. The prompt recognition of burnout signs is the critical parameter for nursing errors prevention and patient safety, in the long term. Nursing error management is oriented towards investigation of the burnout symptoms and exists as an integral and essential issue for nursing administration to ensure excellent and qualitative patient care.
AI-Based Analysis for Novel Covid-19 and Its Treatment Through Yajna and Mantra Science
Authors: Rastogi Rohit , Saxena Mamta , Chaturvedi Devendra K. , Gupta Mayank , Rastogi Mukund , Rustagi Deepanshu , Gaur Vansh , Kohli Vrinda , Srivastava Prajwal , Jain Mohit , Kumar Pradeep
Published: September 2020

In the present crisis, the novel COVID-19, which started spreading from Wuhan on 29th Dec. 2019 has now taken the whole world into its grip. The Ancient Rishi and Muni were wise enough, and they knew how to kill the bacteria and virus of the atmosphere through Vedic Science of Mantra and Yajna. The present article is an effort to validate the process in a congenial and constrained environment. Through different presented concepts, we can easily understand the importance of Mantra and Yajna Sciences, and with the help of statistical tools and artificial intelligence concepts, the efficacy of this ancient Indian science has been established. The article also elaborates the effect of Vedic verses and Sanskrit sutra on human consciousness and mental health. The manuscript also shows the effect of Yajna and Mantra over the radiations of electronic gadgets. It also helps the study of ancient Hindu culture and its processes on human spiritual health and mental peace after the tearful worst stress of COVID-19 in the 21st-century world.