bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La crisis de los partidos políticos en México y su impacto en la democracia: caso candidaturas ciudadanas
Authors: Yllán Ramírez Elisa , Pinilla Moreno Cielo
Published: June 2023

El estudio hace un repaso sobre la democracia representativa en México, la crisis de partidos, el impacto que tienen los partidos políticos y los ciudadanos, y aborda el origen de las candidaturas ciudadanas a partir de tres casos significativos, las experiencias desarrolladas, los obstáculos en el reconocimiento de los derechos político-electorales, así como las ventajas y desventajas que tiene esta reforma para el sistema político mexicano frente a la crisis partidaria. Explica los tres casos de candidaturas ciudadanas que tuvieron dificultades de reconocimiento en los comicios tanto del nivel presidencial como de los niveles estatal y municipal. Están los casos del candidato presidencial Jorge Castañeda, del candidato a la gubernatura del Estado de Michoacán, Manuel Guillén Monzón, y de la candidata María Elizondo al municipio de Santander Jiménez. Entre las conclusiones destaca el riesgo que puede significar estas candidaturas para el sistema político.
Determinación de la huella ecológica personal de estudiantes de educación superior
Authors: Bulege Gutiérrez Wilfredo
Published: June 2023

El objetivo fue determinar la Huella Ecológica (HE) Personal de estudiantes de educación superior expresada en hectáreas globales (hag), y comparar con la HE del Perú, con el fin de promover en un futuro cercano acciones orientadas al uso sostenible de los recursos naturales. El diseño fue descriptivo, transversal, aplicando un cuestionario sobre una muestra probabilística de 383 estudiantes. Se tiene como resultados que, la HE personal tiene una media de 1.067 hag; y, 7.45% tiene una HE mayor a la HE del Perú establecida en 2.2 hag. Para probar la hipótesis, se aplicó la prueba z de Gauss para una muestra obteniendo un valor z = -5.0033, y valor-p = 2.818e-07 menor al α=0.05, por lo tanto, se rechazó la Ho, y aceptó la Ha. En conclusión, la HE personal de estudiantes de educación superior de Huancayo estimada en 1.067 hag, es significativamente menor a la HE del Perú estimada en 2.2 hag.
Fomento de la cultura de la legalidad en la formación de la ciudadanía para prevenir el feminicidio en el Perú
Authors: Monjarás Saldaña Mercedes
Published: June 2023

En el año del 2021 se han registrado 146 feminicidios y hasta agosto del año 2022 van 75 feminicidios en el Perú. La revisión se divide en tres partes, en la primera, se revisan algunos de los procesos más sobresalientes que evidencia la situación actual del feminicidio; en la segunda, se describen aspectos clave de las instituciones públicas e investigación; en la tercera, se exponen resúmenes de entrevistas realizadas por los medios de comunicación y respuestas de ciudadanos. Se exponen algunos de los rasgos más característicos del fomento de la cultura de la legalidad y sobre el feminicidio, consientes que es necesario fomentar el beneficio de la cultura de la legalidad para la prevención del feminicidio de acuerdo con la realidad del país y mencionar que son los medios de comunicación y las instituciones quienes debe acercarse a la ciudadanía para informar desde una nueva perspectiva y prospectiva cómo prevenir el feminicidio.
La neuroplasticidad como factor predominante de la salud mental a partir de la actividad física
Authors: Zamudio Flores David
Published: June 2023

El presente ensayo aborda la temática de la neuroplasticidad a nivel de su influencia en la salud mental de las personas, particularmente a partir de la actividad física, este componente influirá en la generación de diversas redes neuronales por intermedio no solo de la neurogénesis sino también a partir de la sinaptogénesis, las cuales influirán favorablemente en la salud mental de las personas, teniendo un efecto similar al de una psicoterapia, ya que la generación de nuevas conexiones neuronales posibilitará reorganizar y adaptar la organización a nivel cerebral, lo cual haga que se aborde de una manera sana y positiva diversas situaciones que puedan dañar nuestra salud mental a partir de destrabar circuitos o conexiones neuronales que son causa de diversos pensamientos negativos los cuales producto del tiempo llegan a fortalecerse y resultan nocivos.
Estilos de liderazgo docente: un análisis del desempeño académico en una institución educativa de Colombia
Authors: Pérez Pertuz Johemir , Cardona Pérez Harry , Cardona Pérez Yecid
Published: June 2023

Con relación al liderazgo, en el campo educativo, se afirma que consiste en una capacidad colectiva, y a la vez dinámica de los docentes para promover la enseñanza en cada uno de los miembros de la comunidad escolar las diferentes formas de liderar cada proceso. La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar los estilos de liderazgo que inciden en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes de la institución La Merced del municipio de Mosquera. Para la recolección de los datos se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada. La población estuvo compuesta por 44 estudiantes entre los grados octavos y undécimo, docentes de las diferentes áreas académicas y directivos. Después del análisis cualitativo descriptivo se pudo identificar que el maestro se vuelve protagonista de la vida de muchos estudiantes que lo ven como su bastión o fractal en su vida indómita, siendo ahí de vital importancia pedagógica capacitarse y regenerar conocimientos de sus clases.
Implementación de un modelo praxeológico en el desarrollo de un taller de robótica competitiva para educación superior
Authors: Castellanos Bejarano Nobel , Montealegre Rodríguez Diana
Published: June 2023

Este documento da cuenta la implementación estratégica del modelo praxeológico en un taller de robótica competitiva asociada con el proceso formativo de programas de tecnología en el contexto universitario, cuyo objetivo buscó la realización de una estrategia de taller libre que permitiera fortalecer el nivel competitivo de los estudiantes y promover su participación en diferentes eventos interinstitucionales, los métodos utilizados para el desarrollo se utilizó la devolución creativa que les permitiera aprendizajes significativos sobre campos del conocimiento con la robótica. Como resultado se logró tener el análisis de prototipos con tecnologías y la apropiación de algoritmos de control, logrando concluir con el diseño y la construcción de dispositivos robóticos que cumplen con las características internacionales para la realización de este tipo de proyectos en diversas categorías como lo son motores, ruedas, controles, sensores, etc.
Desempeño de las organizaciones desde una visión a través de teoría del caos y la complejidad
Authors: León Romero Luvis , Aguilar Fernández Mario
Published: June 2023

Las organizaciones se encuentran vinculadas en entornos cambiantes debido a los avances que surgen, no obstante algunas compañías aun teniendo los recursos necesarios para realizar sus operaciones no logran conseguir sus metas en el lapso que se proponen, no logran tener procesos eficientes que les ayude a ser competitivas y algunas tienden al fracaso. El objetivo de este estudio es hacer un análisis desde la vista de la teoría de la complejidad para comprender las situaciones que viven las organizaciones en este aspecto, es decir, identificar las variables que intervienen para que no se alcancen las metas propuestas en las organizaciones. Mediante la búsqueda bibliográfica en fuentes especialistas, se pudo encontrar que la falta de comunicación y trabajo colaborativo aísla los procesos en las organizaciones y es de las principales razones para que estas, aun al alcance los recursos necesarios para sus operaciones no logren ser eficientes en tiempo y forma de acuerdo con sus objetivos.
Competencias de empleabilidad de los egresados en educación superior: Un enfoque de la industria maquiladora de H. Matamoros, Tamaulipas, México
Authors: Villarreal Castañeda Erika , Estrada Torres Alicia
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de jerarquizar las competencias de empleabilidad de los egresados de educación superior en la industria maquiladora en H. Matamoros Tamaulipas durante el año 2022. Esta investigación exploratoria es cuantitativa con alcance descriptivo y diseño transversal. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta con un cuestionario bajo la escala de Likert. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron jerarquizar las tres competencias con mayor demanda en la industria maquiladora siendo en primer lugar la flexibilidad y adaptación al cambio, en segundo lugar, la capacidad de aprendizaje y, en tercer lugar, trabajo en equipo. Lo anterior, permite concluir que la Industria maquiladora en la ciudad de H. Matamoros, Tamaulipas, México demanda egresados de las instituciones de Educación Superior con competencias transversales para cumplir sus objetivos organizacionales y contrarrestar los efectos disruptivos de contingencias atípicas como la pandemia COVID-19.
The Catechist in the Community of the Church — a Witness of Faith and a Mistagogue
Authors: Buchta Roman
Published: June 2023

English translation. The original article can be found here

While establishing the lay ministry of the catechist, Pope Francis expressed his hope that, as was the case in Christian antiquity, the catechist—because of the tasks entrusted to him—would be simultaneously a witness of faith, a master and a mystagogue, a companion and an educator who teaches on behalf of the Church. The aim of this article is to highlight the mystagogical dimension of the education of catechists preparing to enter the ministry in parish communities, and to present the related directions of pastoral activities carried out in the Church of Katowice as part of the Archdiocesan Centre for Pastoral Formation. The main research problem concerns the nature of the formation of catechists serving in parish communities and their specific competences. The study uses the methods of analysis and synthesis. The analysis of catechetical documents, carried out in the light of chronologically (sequentially) complementary guidelines concerning catechists' formation enabled to distinguish the mystagogical elements of the theological-pastoral formation of catechists. The article emphasises the postulate expressed in the Catechetical Directory for the formation of catechists as “witnesses of faith and mystagogues” and the lay ministry of the catechist established by Pope Francis, as a possibility and necessity for the formation of two types of catechists that complement each other through their competences: the school catechist—a teacher of religious education, and the catechist who undertakes ministry in the parish community. Pastoral initiatives supporting the formation of parish catechists conducted in the Archdiocese of Katowice are presented as an example of catechetical-pastoral implementation of the postulated activities. They serve as an inspiration for activities in other formation centres.
The Common Priesthood of Lutherans and Catholics
Authors: Blanco-Sarto Pablo
Published: June 2023

English translation. The original article can be found here

Luther insisted on the royal, common or universal priesthood of all the baptised, as the Second Vatican Council also recalled, referring to the mutual complementarity between the common and ministerial priesthood, which however differ non tantum gradu sed essentiam (cf. LG 10). These pages review the main points on the common priesthood, according to Luther's proposal and the response of the Councils of Trent and Vatican II and, as a complementary counterpoint, add the teachings of a 20th century Catholic author, Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer, partly before and partly after Vatican II, which could be of interest for understanding the subject under discussion. The similarities and differences are thus noted here, which are conducive to the subsequent ecumenical dialogue on this subject, which is acquiring particular importance in the context of the theology of synodality.
Расчет геометрии крыла летательного аппарата при его проектировании
Authors: Антоневич В.А. , Антоневич Г.Б. , Гамова Н.А.
Published: June 2023

Процесс проектирования воздушного судна предполагает нахождение наиболее рационального решения многокритериальной задачи путем анализа возможных вариантов и детальной проработки самого предпочтительного из них. Одним из первичных этапов проектирования является расчет геометрии крыла летательного аппарата. От данных расчетов зависят дальнейшие параметры формы агрегатов, особенности их конструктивно-силовых схем, используемый материал для создания воздушного судна. Данные расчеты позволяют в процессе проектирования проводить параметрический анализ и осуществлять выбор оптимальных параметров агрегата. В статье рассмотрены типовые расчеты геометрических и летных параметров крыла летательных аппаратов, проводимые при проектировании воздушного судна. Изучение теоретического материала и приобретение навыков решения отдельных задач, а также применение комплекса полученных знаний и приобретенных математических вычислительных навыков способствовали вычислению представленных в статье расчетов.
Метод реконструкции по одному изображению криволинейных поверхностей
Authors: Вяткин С.И. , Долговесов Б.С.
Published: June 2023

Предложен метод реконструкции по изображению криволинейных поверхностей. С помощью метода интерактивно определяется силуэт объекта и затем вычисляется согласованная с силуэтом 3D-модель в заданном пользователем объеме. В отличие от известных подходов к реконструкции одного ракурса, предлагаемый метод не имеет ограничения по глубине и требует меньше вычислений на порядок. Трехмерный модели с высоким разрешением могут быть сгенерированы в интерактивном режиме.
Исследовать и предложить фоновые значения некоторых металлов в качестве основы для оценки уровней загрязнения металлами почвенной среды Вьетнама
Authors: Нгуен Т.Х. , Тран Т.Т.
Published: June 2023

Фоновое значение является мерой для оценки уровня загрязнения. Определение фонового значения существенно влияет на точность классификации загрязнений. В исследовании предложены фоновые значения для шести металлов в трех типах почв в провинции Донгнай, включая: Для Ферралсоль: As - 4,15 мг/кг; Cr-181,5 мг/кг; Pb-5,6 мг/кг; Cd0,25 мг/кг; Cu-85,04 мг/кг; Zn-115,14 мг/кг. Лувисоль: As-4,57 мг/кг; Cr- 167,5 мг/кг; Pb-6,21 мг/кг; Cd- 0,25 мг/кг; Cu-76,87 мг/кг; Zn-100 мг/кг. Акрисоль - 5,51 мг/кг; Cr- 90 мг/кг; Pb-10,57 мг/кг; Cd- 0,3 мг/кг; Cu-56,43 мг/кг; Zn-85,07 мг/кг. Эти значения могут быть использованы в качестве основы для оценки загрязнения тяжелыми металлами почвы провинции Донгнай, а также некоторые прилегающие районы. Фоновое значение можно использовать в качестве эталона для будущих исследований тяжелых металлов.
Применение технологии Hyper Threading в работе процессора
Authors: Шавтикова Л.М. , Боташев Т.А. , Гериев М.М. , Сеитов А.Б.
Published: June 2023

В статье рассматривается актуальная тема повышения эффективности процессора за счет технологии гиперпоточности.
Методы реконструкции Барселоны
Authors: Мамедов С.Э.
Published: June 2023

В статье анализируются история реконструкции Барселоны во второй половине XIX века. В рамках данного исследования устанавливаются причины и определяются методы реконструкции.
Интеллектуальные тренажеры анализаторов телеметрической информации
Authors: Балтрашевич В.Э.
Published: June 2023

Рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с разработкой семейства тренажеров для анализаторов ТМИ. Подчеркивается необходимость использования интеллектуальной поддержки с помощью систем основанных на знаниях (СОЗ), к которым относятся экспертные системы, проверяющие и контролирующие обучающие системы, а также упрощенные экспресс-СОЗ. Анализ проводится в нескольких направлениях – при наличии полной исходной информации; при наличии полной, но не поясненной информации и при наличии неполной (отрывочной) телеметрической информации.
Институционализация спорта в России
Authors: Рыскин П.П. , Кудрявцев И.С.
Published: June 2023

Статья посвящена обобщению этапов институционализации профессионального спорта в России. Автора делают вывод о переходе от военноориентированного развития спорта в период СССР к рыночно ориентированной модели на современном этапе. Формирование институтов, формирующих спортивные практики в рамках индустрии развлечений, приводит к трансформации базовых ценностей физической культуры и спорта.
Разработка технологии производства полуфабрикатов из мяса кролика
Authors: Быкова А.В. , Грикшас С.А. , Кореневская П.А.
Published: June 2023

В данной статье описана технология производства мясных полуфабрикатов из мяса кролика с добавлением свиного жира в количестве 5 и 10%. Разработана рецептура котлет, приведены химические и органолептические показатели готового продукта. На основе полученных результатов исследований рекомендовано при производстве мясных рубленных полуфабрикатов в фарш добавлять 10% свиного жира.
Contemporary youth family values
Authors:   Penza State University, Rozhkova Lilia V. , Dubina Albina Sh. ,   Penza State University
Published: June 2023

The problem of value orientations of the younger generation, including family values, attracts considerable attention of researchers, since they form the core of values of young people, occupying leading positions in the structure of basic value orientations. A certain type of relationship and upbringing is built within the family circle where traditions and life experience are passed on. The study of family values of young people seems to be an urgent task in the context of ongoing socio-economic and political changes in Russian society and the transformation of family values of contemporary youth. The article, on basis of the results of the author's sociological research (2018–2019, 2020, 2020, 2023), reveals the dynamics of basic family values among the youth of Russian regions and considers family traditions, attitudes to marriage, the birth of children and the motives for creating a family. The research materials indicate the importance of the family in the structure of the basic values of young respondents. Despite the fears of a crisis of marriage and family, expressed in the absence of the need for official registration of relations, postponement of the appearance of the firstborn, changing the traditions of the family from basic to modern ones, the respondents still demonstrate a desire to formalize the relationship in future and aim having the firstborn. At the same time, young respondents are primarily looking for emotional connection, comfort, support and love in their future life partner. Young people plan to achieve financial stability and be confident in the future before becoming parents. The current socio-economic state of Russian society needs to preserve the institution of family and marriage with traditional family values.
The causes of social and labor conflicts in the fire service divisions
Authors:   Stolypin Volga Region Institute of Administration of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Surkova Irina Yu.
Published: June 2023

The article reveals the problem of social and labor conflicts in the units of the fire service. The theoretical basis of the study was the classical postulates on the nature of social contradictions and the role of conflicts in everyday practices of the service team, proposed within the structural-functional approach by G. Simmel and R. Darendorff. The article is based on the results of the author's study of social and labor conflicts in one of the fire and rescue units of Saratov region. The paper analyzed the problems that provoke social and labor conflicts, such as: living conditions at work (poorly functioning common areas, lack of sufficient sleeping space, problems with maintaining a comfortable temperature in the rooms); unfair distribution of uniforms, means of personal consumption; poor material provision of the unit (broken equipment, insufficient provision of protective equipment); shifting responsibility for equipment repair from unit management to staffand civilian personnel, inconsistency of assignments with job duties; unfair distribution of workload; violation of safety requirements when fighting fires; ignorance of rules necessary for fire and rescue work; non-compliance with work and rest regimes; low level of discipline; personal animosity; team leadership style (yelling, disrespectful attitude, rudeness of the superiors towards the subordinates); psychological incompatibility in the guardhouse; constant stressful situations in the workplace; different perceptions of their work on the part of young and middle-aged and older staff; the nature of the staff; the use of property and equipment by other units in fire and rescue work (breakage, loss). In the course of the questionnaire survey and the results of the interview the author found out the main reasons of the conflict situations inside the guard-house, marked the problem areas potentially able to raise the latent situation of dissatisfaction of the personnel to the level of open conflict.
Possibilities of historical institutionalism in the study of the organization of local self-government in Russia
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kuznetsov Igor I. , Zharov Artem S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: June 2023

This article considers the possibility of applying the methodology of historical institutionalism in the study of the evolution of the institute of local self-government in Russia. The institute of local self-government in Russia has a rich history and has existed for quite a long time in the context of historical existence of the state, which has undergone a number of significant cardinal changes in its history. The process of transformation and development of the institute in historical dynamics is inherent, including fundamental changes, accompanied by subsequent revision of various aspects of local government functioning. Over time and depending on the existing state structure, the attitude towards the institution of local government, the set of its functions and responsibilities, the breadth of powers assigned to local governments and their status changed, as demonstrated by the study of the peculiarities of local government institution organization in the late imperial, Soviet and contemporary periods. Despite these processes and the constant need to adapt to new conditions of the institutional environment, the purpose of existence of the institution of local government has remained the same. At the same time, during the evolution of the institution of local self-government, the trajectory of previous development plays a significant role, the study of which allows the full implementation of historically established positive practices. Historical institutionalism, in turn, appears to be a promising approach in the study of political phenomena and processes with a longitudinal effect, in particular, in the study of the specifics of the organisation of the institution of local self-government in Russia.
Reflection of the concept of the “Russian threat” in the military doctrinal documents of the Baltic States
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Zabuzov Oleg N.
Published: June 2023

It is shown that the fundamental principles of military policy are concretized in documents under the integrative name “military-doctrinal document”. It is often referred to as the theoretical core of military policy. A methodology has been developed for studying military-doctrinal documents of foreign states in the context of the “Russian threat”. The methodology is based on the PEST analysis method with the addition of a military aspect to it. Given its lack of development, the essential content of such categories as “military sphere”, “military factor”, “military activity” is analyzed in order to clarify and isolate the components of the military aspect. The essential content of the military aspect is proposed. Analysis of the content of military-doctrinal documents is also based on a frequency-ranked linguistic analysis, which is preceded by lemmatization. Based on the proposed methodology, the reflection of the “Russian threat” in the military-doctrinal documents of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia is analyzed. For a better visual perception of the analysis results, a word cloud was used. An integrative analysis of the military-doctrinal documents of the Baltic States regarding the concept of “Russian threat” was carried out. The frequency distribution of dominant lexemes is constructed on the basis of an integrative analysis of the military-doctrinal documents of the Baltic States.
The language policy of Switzerland within the federalism environment
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Zaripova Aigul R. , Kuznetsov Yaroslav P. ,   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University
Published: June 2023

Modern plural societies characterized by ethno-cultural diversity are forming demand for effective balance of inter-group relations. The institutionalization of language policy is becoming the way of inter-ethnic relations regulation. The problem of language policy implementation is the relevance in modern European federations, the boundaries of which are overlap on the boundaries of the linguistic communities’ residence. In such cases the language policy of the federal center includes the impact on the federal and regional authorities’ relations. Switzerland is the research interest as one of the most decentralized federations in Europe. The compact residence of four linguistic communities’ impact on the institutional foundations of the federal structure. The existing interaction of models between central authorities and cantons requires consideration as a tool for normalizing and influencing relations in plural societies. In this article the authors consider the influence of federalism and federal principles on development of language policy. The article reveals the regulatory framework of Swiss federalism, its institutional foundations, which impact on regulation of the language regime, both at the federal and regional levels. Based on the statistical data, an assessment is made of the language situations in the monolingual and bilingual cantons. The authors capture the main principles of the Swiss language regime. The principles of equality of languages, free language choice for the regions and the formal consolidation of languages’ territoriality as the basis for the stability of the Swiss model of federalism. It is concluded that federalism observed the harmonization of the language situation due to division of federal and regional powers.
Trust, distrust and fake news in the process of political legitimization
Authors:   Saratov State University, Mikhailova Ekaterina A.
Published: June 2023

The article examines influence of factors of trust, distrust, and fake news on the level of legitimacy of state power and decisions taken. The position of the authors who establish a clear correlation between the level of legitimacy of the government and the level of development of its democratic institutions is disputed. The legitimacy of power is based on the assessment of the conformity of the position of authority and decisions made to the image of power formed in the civil consciousness and shared ideological positions. The dual nature of legitimacy is noted: in accordance with the definition of D. Easton, diffuse and specific types of legitimacy are distinguished. The types of legitimacy differ in terms of the dynamics of changes in their level, plasticity, principles of formation and strengthening. Diffuse legitimacy is based on the concept of trust. Actualization of positions and assessments of participants in the political process takes place through political communications. Changes in the communication sphere of politics, dictated by the revolutionary development of the Internet technologies, necessitate a qualitative reassessment of the role of factors of trust and distrust in the process of communication between the government and society. Trust and distrust should be considered as autonomous political phenomena that have both a positive and negative impact on the level of legitimacy. Fake news is becoming an irremediable «tax» on political communications between the government and society. The specifics of their formation and dissemination, as well as the goals pursued by the authors of fake news, go beyond the scope of political regulation, therefore, the main work to combat their negative effects should be focused not on refuting or blocking news, but on the formation of universal media literacy.
International political aspects of countering discrimination sports sanctions against the Russian Federation after the 2014 Olympic games
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA, Poroshin Dmitry A.
Published: June 2023

The article examines political aspects of the development of the doping scandal in international sports, which began after the 2014 Olympic Games. The accusations made against the Russian Federation for creating and supporting an institutionalized system of doping use point to the unprecedented nature of the information company. Despite the obvious political background of the doping scandal and the noticeable flaws of the charges, Russian sports functionaries were unable to fully exploit the potential of the political information counteraction company. The imperfections of the World Anti-Doping Agency and the influence of political interests on sports are considered. The main directions for preventing the influence of political aspects of various countries on the activities of the IOC in the field of sports are revealed. Ways are proposed for the unification of international regulation of law enforcement in the activities of international institutions for the development of world sports. Solutions are proposed under which it is possible to consolidate international political efforts to develop mutually beneficial conditions for the development of the international Olympic movement and improve the global political climate of sports diplomacy.
Очерки истории физико-математического образования в Саратовском университете
Authors:   Саратовский государственный университет, Аникин В. М.
Published: June 2023

Пятый выпуск «Очерков», продолжая традицию изданий 2019–2022 гг., включает материалы, отражающие историю физико-математического образования в СГУ в разные исторические периоды. В очерке «Как учились математики и физики на педагогическом факультете СГУ. Судьбы преподавателей и студентов» отражены особенности организации учебного процесса того времени, а также рассматриваются биографии некоторых преподавателей и студентов СГУ. Очерк «Имени П. Н. Яблочкова» описывает 120-летнюю историю среднетехнического колледжа СГУ и перипетии жизни и увековечения памяти великого электротехника. 70-летие кафедры электроники, колебаний и волн СГУ отмечено материалами, рисующими сегодняшний день кафедры, анализирующими научные линии жизни многолетнего заведующего кафедрой члена-корреспондента РАН Д. И. Трубецкова, рассказывающими о научных достижениях профессора кафедры Н. И. Синицына. Хронология образовательной, научной и просветительской деятельности прослеживается в двух очерках, посвященных 40-летию кафедры физики полупроводников СГУ. Фрагмент истории механико-математического факультета СГУ представлен в очерке «Математика на механико-математическом факультете СГУ (1966–1971)». Для преподавателей, аспирантов и студентов университетов.
Efficacy of Oral Mucoadhesive N-acetylcysteine Tablets in Treatment of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Eslami Gohar , Ghorbani Anahita , Akbari Jafar , Farmoudeh Ali , Faghih Fereshteh , Moghimi Minoo
Published: June 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of oral mucoadhesive N-acetylcysteine (NAC) tablets for treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS).
Materials and Methods: Forty-nine patients with RAS were randomized to receive mucoadhesive NAC tablets (n=25) or placebo (n=24). Tablets were prescribed three times a day for 7 days in each group. Pain intensity was evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS) three times a day from day 1 to day 7. Also, patients were clinically examined on days 0 (before entering the study), 3, 5, and 7 using a metal caliper to measure the diameter of the lesions. The data were statistically analyzed and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Regarding the VAS score, all participants in the treatment group showed complete recovery on day 7 (P<0.01). Also, the diameter of the lesions was significantly smaller in the treatment group than the placebo group at the end of the study (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this clinical trial showed for the first time that mucoadhesive NAC tablets can significantly decrease pain and the diameter of RAS lesions without any systemic complications.
Protect your scientific reputation: Beware of predatory journals!
Authors: Turale Sue
Published: June 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Burnout as a serious and unavoidable incident threatening the nursing profession
Authors: Shamsikhani Soheila , Ahmadi Fazlollah
Published: June 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
The effect of APRV-LTV mechanical ventilation mode on SpO2 and ventilation indices in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Babaii Atye , Abbasinia Mohammad , Ahmadi Abbas , Adeli Seyed Hasan , Foroghi Ghomi Seyed Yaser , Pakzaban Samaneh
Published: June 2023

Background & Aim: Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving method for acute respiratory distress syndrome. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of airway pressure release ventilation-low tidal volume mode on COVID-19 patients’ peripheral capillary oxygen saturation and ventilation indices.
Methods & Materials: This clinical trial was conducted on 70 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the Intensive care unit in Qom, Iran. Patients were selected using convenience sampling and randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. In the control group, patients were ventilated using synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation mode, and in the intervention group, patients were ventilated using airway pressure release ventilation-low tidal volume mode. Patients’ peripheral capillary oxygen saturation and ventilation indices were checked and recorded before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS 11.5.
Results: According to the results of the repeated-measures ANOVA test before the intervention and the 2 and 4 hours after the intervention, there were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups regarding the fraction of inspired oxygen, volume minute per minute, and peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (P>0.05). However, in the intervention group compared to the control group, the mean of PIP was significantly reduced (P<0.05).
Conclusion: In patients with COVID-19, the two modes of mechanical ventilation, APRV, and control, had no significant differences in the fraction of inspired oxygen, volume minute per minute, and peripheral capillary oxygen saturation. However, the mean peak inspiratory pressure reduction in the intervention group was greater than that in the control group. Considering that several factors can affect peripheral capillary oxygen saturation and ventilation indices, these results should be considered with caution.
Osmanlı Kaynakları Işığında Toprak Kadılığı
Authors: ERKAN Nevzat
Published: June 2023

16. yüzyıl Osmanlı adlî sistemi içinde gerek Rumeli gerekse Anadolu eyaletlerinde toprak kadısı olarak zikredilen bir kadılık türü bulunmaktadır. Mahiyeti itibariyle farklı değerlendirmelere konu olan toprak kadılığı, İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı’dan itibaren Osmanlı tarihçileri tarafından teftişle görevli seyyar kadılık olarak ele alınmıştır. Son zamanlarda bazı hukuk tarihçileri toprak kadılığının mahalli bir kadılık olduğu fikrini ortaya atmışlardır. Bu sebeple öncelikle literatürdeki mevcut tartışmalar ele alınmıştır. Osmanlı kayıtlarında toprak kadısı tabirinin ne zaman ve nasıl kullanıldığı hususu üzerinde durulmuştur. Belgelerden hareketle bu kadıların ne gibi farklı özelliklerinin olduğu incelenmiştir. Merkezden gönderilen fermanların ihtiva ettiği görev ve sorumlulukları hakkında değerlendirme yapılıp bu meselenin kaza/belde kadılarının göreviyle ne kadar örtüştüğünün görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. Yaklaşık iki yüzyıllık bir dönemde arşiv kayıtları, fetva kitapları, kadı sicilleri ve ilgili dönemlerde düzenlenmiş kanunnameler çerçevesinde irdelenmiştir. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda toprak kadılığı teriminin müstakil bir kadılığı değil, hadiselerin cereyan ettiği mahallin kadısı olduğu soncuna varılmıştır.
Human Error and Management in Gynecological and Obstetric Cases
Authors: Michail Michailidou Evangelia , Skoura Rafailia , Daniilidis Angelos , Kalogiannidis Ioannis , Eskitzis Panagiotis
Published: June 2023

In this review we have collected information about errors that occur in gynecological and obstetric cases. Mistakes are an integral part of every sector, but our task should be to recognize and report mistakes. This will prevent problems that may appear later. Organizations promote health professionals in announcing their mistake to the person’s family but also to the person herself. Various error cases are described demonstrating the variety of errors that exist. In this way, health professionals and other people, possibly future patients, should understand that error is part of everyday life. Finally, health tips are suggested.
Methane Impurity Effect in the Acetylene Decomposition on Size and Morphology of the Appearing Soot Particles
Authors: Shkolnikov E.I. , Grigorenko A.V. , Lipatova I.A. , Kumar V. , Vlaskin M.S.
Published: June 2023

The paper studied the effect of acetylene or its methane mixture pressure at decomposition in the laboratory cylindrical reactor with spark ignition to obtain the acetylene soot. Size range of the formed particles and their surface morphology were determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Specific surface area distributions over the pore radii and evaluation of the acetylene soot samples particle size were identified using the adsorption method of limited evaporation. All the experimental methods used confirmed significant decrease in the acetylene soot particle size at the increase in the acetylene initial pressure during its decomposition. Accordingly, the particles specific outer surface increased, but the microporous specific surface of the particles outer shell practically was not changing. Methane present in the mixture with acetylene in decomposition significantly increased the particles size and reduced both the specific outer surface and the microporous surface of the soot particles shell. It is shown that the proposed method for analyzing distributions of the acetylene soot specific surface area over the pore radii makes it possible to estimate with high accuracy particle sizes, total soot specific surface area and contribution of various factors forming this surface
Study of the Principal Components Method Modifications Resistance to Abnormal Observations
Authors: Goryainov V.B. , Goryainova E.R.
Published: June 2023

The paper considers the problem of reducing multidimensional correlated indicators. One of the approaches to solving this problem is based on the method of principal components, which makes it possible to compactly describe the vector with correlated coordinates (components) using the principal components vector with uncorrelated coordinates of much smaller dimension, while retaining most of the information about correlation structure of the original vector. On simulated and real data, several modifications of the principal components method were compared differing in the method of evaluating correlation matrix of the observation vector. The work objective is to demonstrate advantages of the robust modifications of the principal components method in cases, where data contained the abnormal values. To compare the considered modifications on the model data, metric was introduced that measured the difference between estimated and true eigenvalues of the initial data correlation matrix. This metric behavior depending on the probability distribution of observations was studied by computer simulation. As the distributions, multivariate distributions with the off-diagonal correlation matrices simulating a polluted sample were selected. Next, a sample of 13 correlated socioeconomic indicators for 85 countries was considered, where 46 abnormal values were identified. The considered modifications of the principal components method chose the same optimal number of principal components equal to three. However, the real data compression quality, which was defined as the share of the initial indicators total variance described by the first three principal components, turned out to be significantly higher for the robust modifications of the principal components method. Results obtained on these real data are in good agreement with conclusions of the computer simulation
Kinetics of Molybdenum Trioxide Dissolution in the Alkaline Medium
Authors: Eliseeva E.A. , Berezina S.L. , Gorichev I.G.
Published: June 2023

The paper presents experimental study results of the MoO3 powder samples dissolution kinetics in the aqueous ammonia solution at various pH concentrations and values. Molybdenum ions concentration in the filtrate samples was determined spectrophotometrically. Kinetic characteristics were obtained, and kinetic parameters (specific dissolution rate, reaction order with respect to the H+ ion) were calculated. It was established that the dissolution rate was increasing in the ammonia solution concentration range of 0.02--1.26 mol/l, and with the growing pH it passed through the maximum. Taking into account the acid-base equilibria constants, the dissolution process was simulated, and its stage-by-stage nature was established. Fractional reaction order with respect to the H+ ions calculated from the curves plotted in the α--t/t0.5 coordinates (affine transformation method) indicated the adsorption mechanism of dissolution. It was shown that the MoO3 dissolution proceeded with formation of the intermediate adsorption complexes. Due to the HMoO4- low concentration in the MoO3 concentration within the studied pH range by the surface-active particle, on which groups of ions were adsorbed, the MoO4- could be considered. The results obtained are an addition to the data possessed on the molybdenum oxide phase and other transitional metals behavior. They could be applied in the practical applications associated with dissolving molybdenum in the alkaline electrolytes
Application of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry for the Assessment of Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in Raw Milk, Dairy Products and Freshwater Fishes
Authors: Suryawanshi Rahul , Bhosale Ashok , Bharkad Gopal , Shinde Onkar , Jogdand Aishwarya , Hatwar Niraj , Kamat Hrishikesh
Published: June 2023

Background: Foodborne infections like Listeriosis cover several disorders and are a worldwide public health emergency. Listeria monocytogenes has been isolated from various foodstuffs, including milk and fishes. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry technique is known for its rapid and accurate identification of bacterial organisms. Methods: In the current research, a total of 360 samples comprising raw milk (130), milk products (125) and freshwater fishes (105) were screened for the detection of pathogenic Listeria species by using the USDA method. The recovered Listeria isolates were characterized using conventional set of biochemical analysis along with sugar fermentation tests and further confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS. The virulent nature of pathogenic Listeria isolates was also assessed by in vitro tests like hemolysis on blood agar, CAMP and PI-PLC assay. Result: In current study, on screening 360 animal origin food samples, three isolates were recovered from raw milk samples and identified as Listeria monocytogenes indicating an overall prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes to the tune of 0.83%. Excellent correlation was observed with identification of Listeria species using conventional phenotypic tests and advanced molecular tool Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technique. The results depict dependability of advanced technique for rapid and reliable identification of Listeria species.
Clustering of Dam’s Body Weight Based on Birth Weight of Lambs in Nilagiri Sheep
Authors: Geetha Thangavel , Chitra Ramasamy , Karthickeyan Sarojini Muthukumarasamy Kanniappan , Prema Natarajan , Mathivanan Rangasamy , Anilkumar Rishipal
Published: June 2023

The population of Nilagiri breed of Sheep is threatened and required micro breeding strategy for conservation and genetic improvement. Data on 4,619 Nilagiri lambs born during the 28 years (1993-2021) at the Sheep Breeding Research Station (SBRS), Sandynallah of the Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu, India were utilized for this investigation. Data on birth weight of lamb along with dam’s body weight at the time of lambing were collected. Relationship between different body weights of dam was investigated in terms of lamb’s birth weight using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc test for different dam body weight pairwise comparison. Heatmap was drawn for P values between different dam’s body weights aiding in visualization of the possible compatibility between body weights of dam. The birth weight of lambs positively correlated with that of dam’s body weight. Heat map visual analysis revealed five different clusters viz. less than 23.00 kg, 23.01-26.00 kg, 26.01-29.00 kg, 29.01-32.00 kg and greater than 32.01 kg sets of patterns. This was the first study in sheep breed for applying heatmap tool for growth trait analysis.