bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards International Relations beyond the mind
Authors: Nabers Dirk
Published: November 2018

The analysis focuses on the centrality of the mind and the mental, and their relationship with the notion of discourse in International Relations theorizing. While many forms of discourse theory are linked with anti-materialist idealism, the article develops an alternative argument, that is, that discourse theory should primarily be situated ‘beyond the mind’. The analysis starts with a discussion of prominent International Relations work on ideas and discourse and argues that that a large segment of International Relations work is insufficiently clear on these crucial notions. I therefore contend subsequently that this state of the art is reflected in how the philosophy of science and the philosophy of the mind have been treated in prominent International Relations work by following a particular version of Cartesian rationalism. It is on this basis that the article proposes to transcend the antinomies between mind and world as well as ideas and materiality by advancing a political ontology that stresses a particular concept of discourse in the final section. On that basis, it will become possible in the conclusion to summarize a path towards International Relations beyond the mind that engages in the study of the political more seriously.
Missing the mark: Standardized testing as epistemological erasure in U.S. schooling
Authors: Cunningham Jahneille
Published: November 2018

For the past century, standardized testing in the United States has been a measure of school success on both the individual and organizational level. A seemingly benign measure, such testing has informed the allocation of resources and placement of students in coursework commensurate with their perceived abilities. However, I argue that standardized tests serve a more malicious function in schooling by systematically erasing epistemologies that differ from the dominant society. Tracing the history of U.S. standardized testing in the 20th century, I conclude that such tests have marginalized low-income students and students of color, and will continue to do so as long as they are heavily relied upon as measures of intelligence and success.
Increased Substance P Immunoreactivity in Ipsilateral Knee Cartilage of Rats Exposed to Lumbar Spine Injury
Authors: Duarte Felipe C. K. , Zwambag Derek P. , Brown Stephen H. M. , Clark Andrea , Hurtig Mark , Srbely John Z.
Published: November 2018

Augmented expression of substance P (SP) in the cartilaginous tissue has been shown to promote degenerative changes in the cartilaginous matrix of distal contralateral articular joints via neurogenic inflammation post monoarthritis-induction contributing to the symmetrical spread of osteoarthritis (OA). However, no studies have explored whether similar changes are also present within neurosegmentally linked ipsilateral heterologous cartilage.

Objective

The present study aimed to investigate whether experimentally induced lumbar facet-joint OA lead to degenerative changes and enhanced SP expression within the ipsilateral neurosegmentally linked tibiofemoral cartilage.

Methods

Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to left side L5-L6 facet mechanical compression injury (surgery) ( n = 6), L5-L6 facet exposure with no compression (sham) ( n = 5), or naïve (no surgery) ( n = 4) groups. The morphology of the tibiofemoral articular cartilage was assessed using a modified Mankin scoring system. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the density of chondrocytes stained positive for SP (cells/cm2) in the ipsilateral tibiofemoral cartilage at 28 days postintervention.

Results

Tibiofemoral cartilage in the surgery group showed consistent loss of superficial zone chondrocytes, mild roughening of the articular surface and occasional chondrocyte clusters as well as a greater density of SP mainly in the superficial cartilage zone compared with sham and naïve groups, although they also had a basic SP-expression.

Conclusion

Our results support the hypothesis that neurogenic mechanisms may mediate the spread of SP to neurosegmentally linked heterologous joints affecting the distal cartilage homeostasis. These findings contribute additional insight into the potential role of neurogenic inflammation with implications in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory joint disease and OA.
Chronic pelvic pain in women: an embedded qualitative study to evaluate the perceived benefits of the meridian balance method electro-acupuncture treatment, health consultation and National Health Service standard care
Authors: Chong Ooi Thye , Critchley Hilary OD , Horne Andrew W , Fallon Marie , Haraldsdottir Erna
Published: November 2018

Introduction:

Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) – defined as intermittent or constant pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis of at least 6 months’ duration, not occurring exclusively with menstruation or intercourse and not associated with pregnancy – is estimated to affect 6–27% of women worldwide. In the United Kingdom, over 1 million women suffer from CPP, which has been highlighted as a key area of unmet need. Current medical treatments for CPP are often associated with unacceptable side effects. A specific style of acupuncture, the meridian balance method electro-acupuncture (BMEA) and traditional Chinese medicine health consultation (TCM HC (BMEA + TCM HC = BMEA treatment)), may be effective for CPP in women.

Aim:

Three focus group discussions and semi-structured telephone interviews were embedded in a randomised controlled feasibility trial to gain in-depth description of the perceived benefits of the participants’ respective interventions.

Methods:

Women with CPP were randomised into the BMEA treatment, TCM HC or National Health Service standard care (NHS SC). Focus group discussions were recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted post focus group discussions.

Findings:

A total of 30 women were randomised into BMEA treatment, TCM HC or NHS SC. A total of 11 participants attended the three focus group discussions. Thematic analysis of focus group discussions showed: a perceived pain reduction, enhanced sleep, energy level and sense of well-being in the BMEA treatment and TCM HC groups; a dislike for the adverse effects of medications, frustration at the lack of effective treatment, heavy reliance on medications and services that are helpful, in the NHS SC group. Semi-structured telephone interviews showed that the methodology was acceptable to the participants.

Conclusion:

The embedded focus group discussions captured the rich and complex narratives of the participants and provided insights into the perceived benefits of the BMEA treatment, TCM HC and NHS SC interventions.
Policing young minds: Education and security policy in British Southeast Asia
Authors: Trisko Darden Jessica
Published: November 2018

What factors contributed to the centralization of colonial rule over time? I argue that internal and external threats to the control of territories and populations can lead to the adoption of centralized state institutions, but where institutions already exist centralization may take the form of incremental institutional adaptation rather than wholesale shifts to direct rule. British perceptions of the threat posed by China-driven mobilization amongst overseas Chinese (华侨, huaqiao) evolved over the course of five decades from an external one based on developments in mainland China to an internal threat to British colonial holdings. In response, British colonial education policy shifted from indirect administration of Chinese Schools to more direct methods of control as a way of mitigating this threat. Evidence from the colonies of Malaya, Sarawak, and Singapore demonstrates that the timing and success of changes in British colonial education policy were influenced by local conditions, including the relative size of local Chinese populations and the strength of organized opposition to British reforms. Both international and domestic security conditions interacted to shape British efforts to control Chinese minorities in colonial Southeast Asia.
The making of an Islamist public sphere in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md Mizanur
Published: November 2018

The article examines the process of making an Islamist public sphere in Bangladesh and identifies the actors involved. It argues that Islamist social Islamization movements in the form of various da’wa (preaching) activities, madrassah activisms, and Islamist political parties’ Islamization projects collectively contribute to the making of an Islamist public sphere. It shows how da’wa movements’ everyday living experiences, madrassah’s absolute authority over public Islam, and Islamist political parties’ social welfare, and associated activities construct an Islamist imagination. A parallel counter Islamist discursive arena with secular discourse is in construction and circulation that formulates oppositional interpretations based on Islamist identities, interests, and needs. The article argues that instead of explicitly challenging the secular hegemonic discourse, Islamist social movements engage in a contested relationship with it, and gradually claim their separate position. It further maintains that although these Islamist movements differ ideologically, and vary the ways they perform and propagate Islam, they invariably contribute to the rise of an Islamist public sphere in Bangladesh.
Admitting Service Affects Cost and Length of Stay of Hip Fracture Patients
Authors: Lott Ariana , Haglin Jack , Belayneh Rebekah , Konda Sanjit R. , Egol Kenneth A.
Published: November 2018

Introduction:

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the admitting service on cost of care for hip fracture patients by comparing the cost difference between patients admitted to the medicine service versus those admitted to a surgical service.

Methods:

A 2-year cohort of patients 55 years or older who were admitted to a single level 1 trauma center with an operative hip fracture were included. Patient demographics, comorbidities, admitting service, complications, and hospital length of stay were recorded for each patient. Cost of hospitalization, discharge disposition, and 30-day readmissions were collected. Patients who were admitted to the medicine service (medicine cohort) were compared to those admitted to a surgery service (surgery cohort). Multivariate regression models controlling for age, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) scores were used to evaluate hospitalization costs with a P value of <.05 as significant.

Results:

Two hundred twenty-five hip fracture patients were included; 143 (63.6%) patients were admitted to a surgical service, while 82 (36.4%) were admitted to the medicine service. Patients admitted to medicine service had greater CCI and ASA scores, longer lengths of stay, and more complications than those patients admitted to surgery service. Linear regression model controlling for age, CCI, ASA score, and time to surgery demonstrates that patients admitted to a surgical service will have 2.0-day (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.561-3.503; P = .007) shorter admissions with a US$4215 reduction in cost (95% CI: US$314-US$8116; P = .034) compared to patients admitted to the medicine service.

Discussions:

In our urban safety net hospital, hip fracture patients admitted to medicine service had longer lengths of stay and higher total hospitalization costs than patients who were admitted to surgery service.

Conclusions:

This study highlights that the admitting service should be an area of focus for hospitals when developing programs to provide effective and cost-conscious care to hip fracture patients.
Nurses’ Perspectives on Lean Redesigns to Patient Flow and Inpatient Discharge Process Efficiency
Authors: Nicosia Francesca M. , Park Linda G. , Gray Caroline P. , Yakir Maayan J. , Hung Dorothy Y.
Published: November 2018

As hospitals around the world increasingly face pressure to improve efficiency, “Lean” process improvement has become a popular approach to improving patient flow. In this article, we examine nurses’ perspectives on the implementation of Lean redesigns to the inpatient discharge process. We found that nurses experienced competing demands and tensions related to their time and professional roles and responsibilities as a result of Lean. Four main themes included (a) addressing the needs of individual patients, while still maintaining overall patient flow; (b) meeting discharge efficiency targets while also achieving high patient satisfaction scores; (c) “wasting time” to save time; and (d) the “real” work of providing clinical care versus the “Lean” work of process improvement. Our findings highlight the importance of soliciting hospital nurses’ perspectives when implementing Lean process improvements to improve efficiency and patient flow.
A Population-Based Investigation of Health-Care Needs and Preferences in American Adults With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Chiu Chungyi , Bishop Malachy , McDaniels Bradley , Kim Byung-Jin , Tiro Lebogang
Published: November 2018

Background:

Comprehensive and effective multiple sclerosis (MS) health care requires understanding of patients’ needs, preferences, and priorities.

Objective:

To evaluate priorities of patients with MS for their MS care.

Methods:

Participants included 3003 Americans with MS recruited through the National MS Society and the North American Research Committee on Multiple Sclerosis patient registry. Participants completed a comprehensive questionnaire on aspects of their health-care experiences.

Results:

Participants identified the top 3 health-care priorities as (1) the affordability of MS health care, (2) ensuring that non-MS health-care providers have more education about MS and how it can interact with other conditions, and (3) access to an MS center or specialized MS clinic with MS health-care professionals together in one place. Participants receiving care in an MS center rated the quality and their satisfaction with care higher than those receiving care in other settings. Although having the opportunity to evaluate their health-care quality was important to the participants, only 36.4% had been provided the opportunity in the past year.

Conclusions:

This study identifies health-care priorities and concerns for Americans with MS.
Comparison of the clinical phenotype of systemic sclerosis patients in Iran and France in two university centers
Authors: Allanore Yannick , Gharibdoost Farhad , Jamshidi Ahmad Reza , Javinani Ali , Avouac Jérôme , Rastkar Elnaz , Hooshmandi Sadid , Kavosi Hoda
Published: November 2018

Objectives:

Systemic sclerosis is a severe and rare chronic auto-immune multisystem disorder characterized by vasculopathy and skin stiffness. Ethnic and geographical origin can influence the outcomes. In this study, we compared the phenotypic characteristics of Iranian and French patients.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was performed on 200 Iranian and 268 French systemic sclerosis patients. Iranian patients collected from the Iranian systemic sclerosis cohort of the Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The French population was monocentric, and it was constituted by the patients included locally in the EUSTAR database in December 2016.

Results:

The mean age at onset was significantly lower in Iranian patients (35.58 ± 11.68 vs 47.06 ± 13.54, p-value < 0.001). The female-to-male ratio was approximately 5.2:1 and was not different in the two populations. The prevalence of diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis was significantly higher in Iranian patients (60.2% vs 42.85%, p-value < 0.001). Calcinosis cutis and joint synovitis were more prevalent in French patients ( p-value = 0.013, <0.001). The positivity of anti-topoisomerase antibody was higher in Iranian patients, whereas the anti-centromere antibody predominated in French cases ( p-value < 0.001). Restrictive pattern of pulmonary function test was more common in Iranian patients ( p-value < 0.001), while estimated pulmonary arterial pressure by echocardiography was higher in French patients ( p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion:

It seems that systemic sclerosis occurred in younger ages among Iranian female with the predominance of diffuse cutaneous subtype. In addition, lung interstitial disease appeared to be more prevalent and severe in Iranians than French patients.
How I treat infant leukemia
Authors: Brown Patrick , Pieters Rob , Biondi Andrea
Published: November 2018

Leukemia in infants is rare but generates tremendous interest due to its aggressive clinical presentation in a uniquely vulnerable host, its poor response to current therapies, and its fascinating biology. Increasingly, these biological insights are pointing the way toward novel therapeutic approaches. Using representative clinical case presentations, we review the key clinical, pathologic, and epidemiologic features of infant leukemia, including the high frequency of KMT2A gene rearrangements. We describe the current approach to risk-stratified treatment of infant leukemia in the major international cooperative groups. We highlight recent discoveries that elucidate the molecular biology of infant leukemia and suggest novel targeted therapeutic strategies, including modulation of aberrant epigenetic programs, inhibition of signaling pathways, and immunotherapeutics. Finally, we underscore the need for increased global collaboration to translate these discoveries into improved outcomes.
Investigation of a Carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii outbreak using whole genome sequencing versus a standard epidemiologic investigation
Authors: Bogaty Chloe , Mataseje Laura , Gray Andrew , Lefebvre Brigitte , Lévesque Simon , Mulvey Michael , Longtin Yves
Published: November 2018

Background

The standard epidemiologic investigation of outbreaks typically relies on spatiotemporal data and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), but whole genome sequencing (WGS) is becoming increasingly used. This investigation aimed to characterize a carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii (CPAb) nosocomial outbreak using WGS compared to a standard outbreak investigation.

Methods

The CPAb outbreak occurred in a single center between 2012 and 2014. The standard investigation used spatiotemporal data and PFGE to generate a chain of transmission. A separate WGS investigation generated a chain of transmission based solely on WGS and date of sampling and was blinded to all other spatiotemporal data and PFGE. Core single nucleotide variant (SNV) phylogenetic analysis was performed on WGS data generated using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The chains of transmission were compared quantitatively and qualitatively to assess the concordance between both methods.

Results

28 colonized and infected cases were included. Of the 27 transmission events identified using the standard investigation, 12 (44%) were identical to the transmission events using WGS. WGS identified several transmission events that had not been detected by traditional method, and numerous transmission events that had occurred on different hospital wards than suspected by standard methods. The average number (standard deviation [SD]) of SNVs per transmission events was 1.63 (SD, 1.31) by traditional method and 0.63 (SD, 0.79) by WGS (p = 0.001) All isolates harbored the rare carbapenemase blaOXA-237.

Conclusions

The traditional and WGS investigations had moderate concordance. When used alongside epidemiologic data and clinical information, WGS could help improve the mapping of transmission events.
Brain Metastases From Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: Prevalence, Current Therapies, and Outcomes
Authors: Gomes-Lima Cristiane J , Wu Di , Rao Sarika N , Punukollu Sree , Hritani Rama , Zeymo Alexander , Deeb Hala , Mete Mihriye , Aulisi Edward F , Van Nostrand Douglas , Jonklaas Jacqueline , Wartofsky Leonard , Burman Kenneth D
Published: November 2018

Background and Objective

The brain is an unusual site for distant metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). The aim of this study was to document the prevalence of brain metastases from DTC at our institutions and to analyze the current therapies and the outcomes of these patients.

Methods

We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with DTC and secondary neoplasia of the brain.

Results

From 2002 to 2016, 9514 cases of thyroid cancer were evaluated across our institutions and 24 patients met our inclusion criteria, corresponding to a prevalence of 0.3% of patients with DTC. Fourteen (58.3%) were female and 10 (41.7%) were male. Fifteen patients had papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) (62.5%). Brain metastases were diagnosed 0 to 37 years (mean ± SD, 10.6 ± 10.4 years) after the initial diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Patients undergoing surgery had a median survival time longer than those that did not undergo surgery (27.3 months vs 6.8 months; P = 0.15). Patients who underwent stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) had a median survival time longer than those that did not receive SRS (52.5 months vs 6.7 months; P = 0.11). Twelve patients (50%) were treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and they had a better survival than those who have not used a TKI (median survival time, 27.2 months vs 4.7 months; P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The prevalence of brain metastases of DTC in our institutions was 0.3% over 15 years. The median survival time after diagnosis of brain metastases was 19 months. In our study population, the use of TKI improved the survival rates.
Bilateral Erector Spinae Plane Block for Surgery on the Posterior Aspect of the Neck: A Case Report
Authors: Evans Hywel T. , Leslie Gavin J. , Rutka Olga , Keevil Edward , Burckett-St Laurent David
Published: November 2018

The erector spinae plane block is an interfascial plane block whereby local anesthetic is injected within the plane deep to the erector spinae muscle and superficial to the transverse process. To date, it has been used to provide analgesia in thoracic, abdominal, and lumbar regions. We present the first reported case of bilateral erector spinae plane block being used to provide surgical anesthesia in the cervical region.
Human asparagine synthetase associates with the mitotic spindle
Authors: Noree Chalongrat , Monfort Elena , Shotelersuk Vorasuk
Published: November 2018

Cancer cells are characterized by extensive reprogramming of metabolic pathways in order to promote cell division and survival. However, the growth promotion effects of metabolic reprogramming can be due to moonlighting functions of metabolic enzymes as well as the redirection of flux through particular pathways. To identify metabolic enzymes that might have potential moonlighting functions in oncogenesis, we have examined recent screens of the yeast GFP strain collection for metabolic enzymes that have been implicated in cancer metabolism with an unusual subcellular localization. Asparagine synthetase forms filaments in yeast in response to nutrient limitation and is part of a pathway that is a chemotherapy target in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Interestingly, while yeast asparagine synthetase forms cytoplasmic filaments in response to nutrient stress, human asparagine synthetase is associated with the centrosomes and mitotic spindles. This localization is disrupted by both nocodazole and asparaginase treatments. This failure to localize occurs even though asparagine synthetase is highly up-regulated in response to asparaginase treatment. Together, these results argue that human asparagine synthetase undergoes regulated recruitment to the mitotic spindles and that it may have acquired a second role in mitosis similar to other metabolic enzymes that contribute to metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells.
The function of the ophiuroid nerve ring: how a decentralized nervous system controls coordinated locomotion
Authors: Clark Elizabeth G. , Kanauchi Daichi , Kano Takeshi , Aonuma Hitoshi , Briggs Derek E. G. , Ishiguro Akio
Published: November 2018

Echinoderms lack a centralized nervous control system yet each extant echinoderm class has evolved unique and effective strategies for locomotion. Brittle stars (Ophiuroidea) stride swiftly over the seafloor by coordinating motions of their five muscular arms. Their arms consist of many repeating segments, requiring them to use a complex control system to coordinate motions among segments and between arms. We conducted in vivo experiments with brittle stars to analyze the functional role of the nerve ring, which connects the nerves in each arm. These experiments were designed to determine how the ophiuroid nervous system performs complex decision-making and locomotory actions under decentralized control. Our results show that brittle star arms must be connected by the nerve ring for coordinated locomotion, but information can travel bidirectionally around the nerve ring so that it circumvents the severance. Evidence presented indicates that ophiuroids rely on adjacent nerve ring connections for sustained periodic movements. The number of arms connected via the nerve ring is correlated positively with the likelihood that the animal will show coordinated locomotion, indicating that integrated nerve ring tissue is critical for control. The results of the experiments should provide a basis for the advancement of complex artificial decentralized systems.
Voltage-gated calcium channel α2δ subunits: an assessment of proposed novel roles
Authors: Dolphin Annette C.
Published: November 2018

Voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels are associated with β and α2δ auxiliary subunits. This review will concentrate on the function of the α2δ protein family, which has four members. The canonical role for α2δ subunits is to convey a variety of properties on the CaV1 and CaV2 channels, increasing the density of these channels in the plasma membrane and also enhancing their function. More recently, a diverse spectrum of non-canonical interactions for α2δ proteins has been proposed, some of which involve competition with calcium channels for α2δ or increase α2δ trafficking and others which mediate roles completely unrelated to their calcium channel function. The novel roles for α2δ proteins which will be discussed here include association with low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), thrombospondins, α-neurexins, prion proteins, large conductance (big) potassium (BK) channels, andN-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors.
Case Report: Double penile fracture
Authors: Mercado-Olivares Felipe , Grandez-Urbina J. Antonio , Farfan-Daza Giomar , Pacheco-Sauñe Juan , Nuñez-Bragayrac Luciano
Published: November 2018

Penile fracture is an underreported surgical emergency. It usually occurs as a single rupture of the tunica albuginea in one of two corpora cavernosa; a rupture of both masses is an uncommon finding. We report a case of a young male who presented to the emergency department two hours after sustaining penile trauma. Prompt surgical exploration was performed four hours post-injury. He was found to have one fracture on each corpora cavernosa, without urethral injury, which were repaired successfully. The patient had a favorable recovery and was discharged on the third postoperative day without complications. The aim of this report is to highlight the importance of complete degloving of the penile shaft for a meticulous search during surgery to avoid missed injuries. This approach will ensure a successful outcome avoiding physical and psychological disabilities.
Design and protocol for a pragmatic randomised study to optimise screening, prevention and care for tuberculosis and HIV in Malawi (PROSPECT Study)
Authors: MacPherson Peter , Webb Emily L , Lalloo David G. , Nliwasa Marriott , Maheswaran Hendramoorthy , Joekes Elizabeth , Phiri Dama , Squire Bertie , Pai Madhukar , Corbett Elizabeth L
Published: November 2018

Background: Adults seeking diagnosis and treatment for tuberculosis (TB) and HIV in low-resource settings face considerable barriers and have high pre-treatment mortality. Efforts to improve access to prompt TB treatment have been hampered by limitations in TB diagnostics, with considerable uncertainty about how available and new tests can best be implemented.

Design and methods: The PROSPECT Study is an open, three-arm pragmatic randomised study that will investigate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of optimised HIV and TB diagnosis and linkage to care interventions in reducing time to TB diagnosis and prevalence of undiagnosed TB and HIV in primary care in Blantyre, Malawi. Participants (≥ 18 years) attending a primary care clinic with TB symptoms (cough of any duration) will be randomly allocated to one of three groups: (i) standard of care; (ii) optimised HIV diagnosis and linkage; or (iii) optimised HIV and TB diagnosis and linkage. We will test two hypotheses: firstly, whether prompt linkage to HIV care should be prioritised for adults with TB symptoms; and secondly, whether an optimised TB triage testing algorithm comprised of digital chest x-ray evaluated by computer-aided diagnosis software and sputum GeneXpert MTB/Rif can outperform clinician-directed TB screening. The primary trial outcome will be time to TB treatment initiation by day 56, and secondary outcomes will include prevalence of undiagnosed TB and HIV, mortality, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness.

Conclusions: The PROSPECT Study will provide urgently-needed evidence under “real-life” conditions to inform clinicians and policy makers on how best to improve TB/HIV diagnosis and treatment in Africa.

Clinical trial registration: NCT03519425 (08/05/2018)
The Socio-Political Aspect in Iranian Women’s Poetry (the case of Forough Farrokhzad’s Lyrics)
Authors: Саакян Л. , Saakyan L. , Северская О. , Severskaya O.
Published: November 2018

The article deals with cases of euphemization in an actual political discourse on the example of expressions, a «tyazhelyy vopros» ‘hard question’ and an «adekvatnyy (simmetrichnyy, zerkal’nyy, proportsional’nyy) otvet» ‘adequate (symmetrical, mirror, proportional) answer.’ The authors talk about the dominance of the parametric model of presenting reality, evaluate the nominations analyzed from the point of view of acquiring new meanings and their role in indirect communication. Corpus study allows them to identify the convergence of meanings and types of discourses. The perception of new euphemisms by naïve native speakers is also analyzed.
Independent Educational Activity of Bachelors of Linguistics as Basis of Innovative Process of Self-Training To the Foreign Language
Authors: Рожкова О. , Rozhkova O. , Демидова И. , Demidova I.
Published: November 2018

The article deals with the issues related to the independent educational activity of bachelor studentsmajoring in Linguistics, namely, the pedagogical conditions for self-study(learner autonomy and autonomous/ self-directed learning), academic competence, the creation of student centered programs, accounting of the components of educational autonomy. In addition, a review of the scientific literature on the phenomenon under study is also being conducted.
Licensing and Price Competition in Tied-Goods Markets: An Application to the Single-Serve Coffee System Industry
Authors: Chintagunta Pradeep K. , Qin Marco Shaojun , Vitorino Maria Ana
Published: November 2018

This paper develops a structural model of demand and supply for tied goods that is used to quantify the impact of licensing on equilibrium prices and profits for firms in the single-serve coffee system industry.
MODELING STUDIES AND CODE-TO-CODE COMPARISONS FOR PRESSURE TUBE HEAVY WATER REACTOR CORES
Authors: Yan Huiping , Bromley Blair Patrick , Dugal Cliff , Colton Ashlea V.
Published: November 2018

Preliminary, conceptual studies have been performed previously using deterministic lattice physics (WIMS-AECL) and core physics codes (RFSP) to estimate performance and safety characteristics of various thorium-based fuels and uranium-based fuels augmented by small amounts of thorium for use in pressure tube heavy-water reactors (PT-HWRs). To confirm the validity of the results, the WIMS-AECL/RFSP results are compared against predictions made with the stochastic neutron transport code MCNP. This paper describes the development of a method for setting up an MCNP core model of at PT-HWR for comparison with WIMS-AECL/RFSP results, using a core with 37-element natural uranium fuel bundles as a test case for sensitivity studies. These studies included evaluating the sensitivity of the bias of the effective neutron multiplication factor (keff), a source convergence study, uncertainties correction with multiple independent simulations, the impact of irradiation map binning methods, and the impact of reflector models. A Python-based software scripting tool was developed to automate the creation, execution, and post-processing of reactor physics data from the MCNP models. The software tool and algorithm for creating an MCNP core model using data from the WIMS-AECL and RFSP models are described in this paper. Based on the preliminary evaluations of the simulation parameters with the base model, reactor physics analyses were performed for PT-HWR cores with thorium-based fuels in a 35-element bundle type. Code-to-code results demonstrate good agreement between MCNP and RFSP, giving confidence in the method developed and its applicability to other fuels and core types.
Apresentação
Authors: Zica Matheus Da Cruz e
Published: November 2018

Apresentação do dossiê.
Modelos de Espaço Público em contraste: Imprensa e Modernidade Seletiva nas Províncias da Paraíba e Pernambuco (1870-1880)
Authors: Zica Matheus Da Cruz e , Oliveira Patrícia Barros de
Published: November 2018

Este artigo procura elucidar o debate que se constituiu pela imprensa ao longo das décadas de 1870 e 1880 nas províncias brasileiras da Paraíba e de Pernambuco em torno do modelo francês de monarquia parlamentar que contrastava com o federalismo republicano dos EUA. Assumindo o lugar de formadora da opinião pública a imprensa procurou trazer destaque para a questão do Espaço Público na medida em que modos distintos de se lidar com ele estavam em jogo em cada um daqueles modelos políticos internacionais idealizados. Também foram mapeadas algumas relações que os jornais analisados indiciaram entre os debates sobre o Espaço Público e as retóricas de modernidade que os acompanhavam. Com frequência a questão da ciência e da técnica pareceu eclipsar a dimensão do conflito que é próprio do universo político e da esfera pública, unificando os olhares em torno de um deslumbramento com as benfeitorias materiais que o século prometia.Palavras chave: Espaço Público, Formação, Imprensa. AbstractThis article seeks to elucidate the debate that was constituted by the press throughout the 1870s and 1880s in the Brazilian provinces of Paraíba and Pernambuco around the French model of parliamentary monarchy that contrasted with the republicanism of the USA. Taking over the role of public opinion maker, the press sought to highlight the issue of the Public Space since that distinct ways of dealing with it was considered in each of those idealized international political models. This article also mapped some relations that the newspapers analyzed betrayed between the debates on the Public Space and the rhetoric of modernity that accompanied them. Often the question of science and technique seemed to eclipse the dimension of conflict that is proper to the political universe and the public sphere, unifying the glances around a dazzle with the material improvements that the century promised.Keywords: Public Space, Formation, Press.  ResumenEste artículo busca esclarecer el debate que se constituyó por la prensa a lo largo de las décadas de 1870 y 1880 en las provincias brasileñas de Paraíba y de Pernambuco en torno al modelo francés de monarquía parlamentaria que contrastaba con el federalismo republicano de EUA. Asumiendo el lugar de formadora de la opinión pública la prensa trató de destacar la cuestión del Espacio Público en la medida en que modos distintos de lidiar con él estaban en juego en cada uno de aquellos modelos políticos internacionales idealizados. También se han mapeado algunas relaciones que los periódicos analizados indiciaron entre los debates sobre el espacio público y las retóricas de modernidad que los acompañaban. Con frecuencia la cuestión de la ciencia y de la técnica parecía eclipsar la dimensión del conflicto que es propio del universo político y de la esfera pública, unificando las miradas en torno a un deslumbramiento con las mejoras materiales que el siglo prometía.Palabras clave: Espacio Público, Formación, Prensa.
Geospatial mapping and analysis of public health care facilities in OBIO/AKPOR LGA, rivers state, Nigeria
Authors: Menegbo Emmanuel , Johnbusco C. Ojiako Dr , . . , . .
Published: November 2018

This work aims at geospatial mapping of healthcare facilities in Obio/Akpor LGA in Rivers State. The objectives are to acquire primary and secondary data sets within the study area, to create a functional spatial database on health facilities, and to perform various spatial and attrib-ute query that will aid the mapping of healthcare facilities. Primary data for healthcare facilities location was acquired with Global Positional Systems (GPS) receiver. Google earth Pro Satellite imagery was used. Secondary data was obtained from relevant government agency. ArcGIS 10 version software was used for data processing and analysis. Various spatial and attribute queries was formulated for geospatial mapping of healthcare facilities. The results show the distribution of health facilities within the study area on a digital map in form of maps and tabular data among others. Results obtained show that 10 healthcare facilities have least at 10000 populations. Four facilities were found to have no medical doctor. Two healthcare facilities were found to be located in ward 14. Fourteen healthcare facilities were found to have at least total of 10 personnel, the highest personnel per facilities and a total of 16 healthcare facilities were distributed all over the study area. A total of 37 settlements were distributed all over the study area. Over 21 settlements are left out of the service areas of 1km. PHC Ru-muokwuta and St Jude Hospital Rumuokoro have least healthcare personnel of 6 and 5 respectively. 10 healthcare facilities have at least 10000 populations to physician ratio standard recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). The creation of Geospatial health in-formation systems is useful in data collection and management of healthcare facilities within the study area and Nigeria in general.
Data mining techniques for rainfall prediction in the Tepi region of Ethiopia
Authors: Sivanesan D , Javed Idrisi M.
Published: November 2018

Agriculture depends mainly on the rainfall especially in countries like Ethiopia (Africa) as irrigation system is not much in practice. One of the main reasons is because of its natural topography. Though there are many factors that affect the agricultural yield, it is appropriate to consider the main factor rainfall that decides about the food production. The prediction of the rainfall can be done by using different techniques like regression analysis, clustering, artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy logic. Therefore, the significance of this research is essential for the Tepi region in the south west part of Ethiopia (SNNPR) where agriculture is the main occupation of the people living here. This research is first of its kind conducted in this region, and this paper shows the result related with the rainfall prediction by using LR – Linear Regression technique for the early prediction of the next consecutive three (3) years based on the previous available rainfall data.
Impact of counseling on cervical cancer and its screening on women knowledge, health beliefs and protective practices
Authors: HosseAbedelAzim Mohamedin Hoda , El-sayed Hossein Yosria
Published: November 2018

Background: Cervical cancer can be preventable or detected early especially with a series of regular screening with Pap tests.Aim of the study: The aim of this study were to evaluate the impact of counseling on cervical cancer and its screening on women knowledge, health beliefs and protective practices.Subjects and Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used. A convenient ample of 120 women were randomly divided into experimental and control groups, each group consisted of 60 women were recruited from outpatient clinic at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at Minia General Hospital.Results It can be observed that, 86% of the women in the intervention group had good knowledge compared to only 17% of the control group and the difference is statistically significant. The mean score of perceived susceptibility and barriers in both groups was reduced but the decrease was significantly higher in the intervention group (P<0.004). The mean score of perceived severity and benefits in both groups were increased, but the increased mean score in the intervention group was higher. A highly statistical significant difference was observed between groups regarding protective practices (p = .001).Conclusion: It can be concluded that there was a highly statistical significant improvement in women knowledge was observed and the higher positive beliefs about perceived benefits of preventive health practices, susceptibility, severity, health motivation and reduced the barriers of pap smear this can influence womenâ€™s willingness to take preventive test and higher participation in regular Pap smear test in the intervention group. The most commonly barriers to screening cited in our study are lack of knowledge.Recommendations: on the light of this findings it is recommended that, women should be encouraged to take responsibility for their own health and be active participants in the screening program, More educational intervention is needed to encourage adherence to routine cancer screening with raising womenâ€™s awareness about cervical cancer, The barriers to Pap smear test are considered by the health authorities in order to overcome barriers of cervical cancer screening.Â Â
Management of antero posterior discrepancy using expansion appliances- A case series
Authors: Harsha G V Durga , J Ananth , Krishna B Vijay , CV Padmapriya , M Mounica , M Anoosha
Published: November 2018

Antero-posterior deficiencies are one of the major concerns in adolescents especially when presented with class III malocclusion and anterior cross bite. These discrepancies are generally corrected by protraction of maxilla and expansion during growth period. A 16 year old boy and 12 year old girl presented with midface deficiency with anterior cross bite and Class III malocclusion. Antero-posterior expansion was planned with Hyrax and Jack screw appliances respectively. Anterior cross bite and Class III malocclusion was corrected. Majority of these antero posterior discrepancies can be corrected with antero-posterior expansion, hence are of prime importance.Â
A novel measurement strategy to evaluate the human head as a transition medium for inductive ear-to-ear communication
Authors: Edelmann Jan-Christoph , Mair Dominik , Ussmueller Thomas
Published: November 2018

This manuscript introduces a novel concept for measuring coil coupling for extremely loose-coupled coils (coupling factors k<10−6; mutual inductance values M<10−10 H). Such a coupling is found everywhere where the ratio of solenoid diameter to coil spacing is >50. Measuring these quantities with a low-power technology requires a sophisticated setup that goes beyond the sensitivity of state-of-the art approaches. The methodology is validated using laboratory measurements with three sets of solenoids (two ferrite-cored, one air-cored) and numerical simulations with COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2a, Stockholm, Sweden. The concept is then employed to investigate the channel characteristics for inductive through-the-head communication within the 3.155–3.195 MHz band. This selected part of the spectrum is in accordance with International Telecommunication Union Radio Regulation 5.116 for low-power wireless hearing aids. By applying a phantom solution, we demonstrate that human tissue layers are transparent for magnetic fields within these frequencies. However, the influence from the relative coil arrangement is evaluated in detail as it restricts the communication range significantly. The coupling results for off-the-shelf Sonion, Roskilde, Denmark, RF 02 AA 10 solenoids considering both lateral and axial displacements might be of special interest for a number of near-field applications.
Modification of Claus Sulfur Recovery Unit by Isothermal Reactors to Decrease Sulfur Contaminant Emission: Process Modeling and Optimization
Authors: Ghahraloud H. , Farsi M. , Rahimpour M.R.
Published: November 2018

Due to environmental limitations and issues, the main goal of this research is modification of conventional Claus sulfur recovery process to decreases sulfur contaminant emission. In this regard, two environmentally friendly alternatives are proposed based on the isothermal concept in reactors. Since Claus reaction is exothermic and reversible, the adiabatic fixed bed reactors in the catalytic section of Claus process are substituted by the isothermal reactors. The furnace and catalytic reactors are modeled based on the mass and energy conservation laws at steady state condition. To prove accuracy of the developed model, the simulation results of conventional process are compared with the available plant data. Then, the optimal condition of modified processes are calculated considering sulfur recovery as the objective function using the Genetic algorithm as a useful method in global optimization. The attainable decision variables are inlet temperature of furnace and reactors, coolant temperature, feed split fraction and air flow rate in the furnace. The simulation results show that H2S conversion in the proposed cases increases about 1.87 % and 1.78 % compared to the conventional process. Generally, the main advantages of proposed structures are higher sulfur recovery and lower sulfur contaminant emission such as COS and CS2 emission.
Predual spaces of generalized grand Morrey spaces over non-doubling measure spaces
Authors: Sawano Yoshihiro , Shimomura Tetsu
Published: November 2018

The predual spaces
of generalized grand Morrey spaces
over non-doubling measure spaces are investigated.
The case of the grand Lebesgue spaces is covered,
which is also new.
An example shows
that the modification of Morrey spaces is essential.
Da experiência de ouvir vozes: não estamos sozinhos(as)!
Authors: Ubessi Liamara Denise , Lemões Marcos Aurélio Matos , Machado Roberta Antunes , Bender Andrea Regina Molina Jaekel , Lopes Ivon Fernandes , Zacaria Carlos Alberto Narciso , Jardim Vanda Maria Da Rosa
Published: November 2018

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O enfrentamento das vozes: a experiência de uma região central da Itália
Authors: Antonacci Milena Hohmann , Minelli Massimiliano
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: explorar a experiência de um grupo de ouvidores de vozes. Método: qualitativo, de abordagem etnográfica, realizado com um grupo de ouvidores de vozes de outubro de 2014 até fevereiro de 2015. Os dados foram obtidos através da observação participante e os registros feitos em diários de campo. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, parecer nº 750.144. Resultados: as características da região em que o grupo está inserido confere possibilidades de relações, que favorecem a construção de vínculos e afetos. O grupo mostra-se como um recurso terapêutico importante no enfrentamento das vozes. Considerações Finais: o grupo tem o potencial de representar a essência do pensamento de Basaglia, pois ali a doença e os sintomas são colocados entre parênteses e o que se ouve é voz do Outro, que dá voz às suas vozes.