bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Filling in the Blanks: Catholic Hopes for the English Succession
Authors: Houliston Victor
Published: December 2021

English Catholics, both at home and abroad, were faced with difficult choices as the question of the succession became increasingly acute in the last decade of Elizabeth’s reign. In an attempt to analyse the complexity of Catholic expectations and manoeuvres, this article examines the actions and writings of three prominent figures: the courtier-poet and recent convert Henry Constable, the Jesuit leader Robert Persons, and the layman Sir Thomas Tresham. Their relations with King James VI of Scotland illustrate the precariousness of his position, and their interactions during this period of shifting allegiances call into question some received assumptions about the divisions within the English Catholic community. Close attention to their writing also reveals the significance of an appeal to a chivalric code of honour in these politico-religious negotiations.
The casting of Sancho in Durfey’s The Comical History of Don Quixote, Parts I-II (1694)
Authors: Mora María José
Published: December 2021

Thomas Durfey’s The Comical History of Don Quixote, Part I and Part II were produced by the United Company in May/June, 1694. As was customary practice, the central characters were taken by the same actors in both plays. The signal exception was the character of Sancho, which in Part I was given to Thomas Doggett, a junior but already popular comedian, and in Part II to old Cave Underhill, who had been acting since the reopening of the theatres in 1660. The reasons for this change seem to be related to the disputes between the managers and actors on the matter of salaries. Textual evidence suggests that, as he was writing the second part, Durfey may not have been certain who would finally play Sancho. Meta-theatrical allusions show that at one point he had Doggett in mind, but eventually revised the dialogue to introduce jokes that were specifically targeted for the older comedian.
More than an Indian teen shrew: Postcolonialism and feminism in Isi Life Mein
Authors: García-Periago Rosa M.
Published: December 2021

This essay explores a Bollywood movie entitled Isi Life Mein (dir. Vidhi Kasliwal, 2010), which exploits The Taming of the Shrew as a play-within-the-film for the first time in Bollywood, and even as an intertext on some occasions. Although apparently a mere teen movie, this article sheds light on the importance of the Indian location, which invites postcolonial readings of the text. From a postcolonial perspective, it is the aim of this essay to rethink how The Taming of the Shrew is caught up and shaped in another culture. The film experiments with, and offers a parody of Shakespeare and his text, to the extent that they are both “reborn.” The movie also reflects on Indian modernity characterized by endless migration and diaspora. This essay equally explores the significance of using The Taming of the Shrew, since cultural debates concerning gender relations are involved. The movie adds to the multiple cultural products that rewrite the play’s ending. One of Isi Life Mein’s main attractions lies in its ability to challenge patriarchy explicitly. Interestingly, postcolonialism and feminism are intertwined in Isi Life Mein, providing new understandings of the Shrew and, ultimately, the Bard.
Penurunan Kecemasan Keluarga Pasien Stroke Dengan Family Centered Empowerment Model
Authors: Prasetyowati Christina Dewi , Wahyuni Sri
Published: December 2021

Stroke merupakan keadaan yang terjadi akibat adanya gangguan suplai darah ke otak yang awal timbulnya mendadak, progresi cepat berupa defisit neurologis fokal yang berlangsung 24 jam atau langsung menimbulkan kematian. Dampak dari stroke selain bagi pasien juga menimbulkan dampak psikologis kecemasan bagi keluarga pasien dari ketidaksiapan keluarga dalam merawat pasien stroke. Kecemasan pada keluarga dapat diatasi dengan pemberian edukasi berbasis family centered empowerment model. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penurunan kecemasan keluarga pasien stroke dengan family centered empowerment model di RSUD Gambiran Kota Kediri. Desain penelitian menggunakan pra experiment dengan rancangan one group pretest and posttest design. Pengambilan sampel secara non probability sampling dengan teknik accidental sampling yang berjumlah 54 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner kecemasan HARS dan dianalisa dengan uji  Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Hasil menunjukkan nilai p = 0,000 yang artinya ada pengaruh family centered empowerment model terhadap penurunan kecemasan keluarga pasien stroke. Kata Kunci : family centered empowerment model; kecemasan; keluarga; strokeAnxiety Reduction Of  Family Patients With Stroke And Family Empowerment Centered ModelAbstractStroke is a condition that occurs due to disruption of blood supply to the brain which has a sudden onset, rapid progression in the form of a focal neurological deficit that lasts 24 hours or immediately causes death. The impact of stroke in addition to the patient also causes psychological effects of anxiety for the patient's family from the family's unpreparedness in caring for stroke patients. Anxiety in the family can be overcome by providing education based on the family centered empowerment model. This study was aimed to determine the decrease in family anxiety of stroke patients with the family centered empowerment model at Gambiran Hospital, Kediri City. The research design used a pre-experimental design with a one group pretest and posttest design. The Sampling was taken by non-probability sampling with accidental sampling technique, totaling 54 people. Data was collected using the HARS anxiety questionnaire and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The results showed the value of p = 0.000 which means that there is an effect of family centered empowerment model on reducing family anxiety of stroke patients.Key Word: family centered empowerment model; anxiety; family; stroke
Pemberian Teknik Valsava Manuver Terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Penusukan Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) Pasien Hemodialisa
Authors: Saputra Mahruri , Badri Sabahul
Published: December 2021

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) merupakan akses vaskuler eksternal sebagai tempat penusukan berulang pada pasien hemodialisa yang menyebabkan nyeri berulang. Pemberian teknik valsava manuver salah satu terapi nonfarmakologi yang dapat digunakan untuk menurunkan nyeri berulang penusukan AVF. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pemberian teknik valsava manuver terhadap intensitas nyeri penusukan AVF pasien hemodialisa. Penelitian kuantitatif ini dengan desain quasi experiment pre and post one sampel test. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik consecutive sampling pada 33 orang. Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test. Hasil menunjukkan sebelum dilakukan teknik valsava manuver skala nyeri penusukan AVF adalah 4,82 (SD=1,402) dan sesudah dilakukan teknik valsava manuver skala nyeri penusukan AVF adalah 3,45 (SD=1,301). Ada perbedaan skala nyeri penusukan AVF sebelum dan sesudah pemberian teknik valsava manuver pasien hemodialisa dengan p value 0,000. Diharapkan pemberian teknik valsava manuver dapat menjadi intervensi mandiri keperawatan dalam menurunkan nyeri penusukan sehingga kenyamanan pasien hemodialis meningkat.Kata kunci: arteriovenous fistula; hemodialisa; nyeri penusukan, valsava manuverValsava Manuver Techniques To Pain Intensity  Arteriovenous  Fistula (AVF) Pain In Hemodialized PatientsAbstractArteriovenous fistula (AVF) is an external vascular access as a site for repeated punctures in hemodialysis patients which causes recurrent pain. The Valsalva maneuver is one of the non-pharmacological therapies that can be used to reduce repeated AVF stabbing pain. This study was purposed to identify the effectiveness of the Valsalva maneuver technique in reducing the intensity of AVF stabbing pain in hemodialysis patients. This quantitative research was a quasi-experimental pre and post one sample test design. Sampling technique used consecutive sampling technique on 33 people. Data analysis using paired t-test. The results showed that before the Valsalva maneuver the AVF stabbing pain scale was 4.82 (SD=1.402) and after the Valsalva maneuver the AVF stabbing pain scale was 3.45 (SD=1.301). There is a difference in the AVF stabbing pain scale before and after the Valsalva maneuver technique for hemodialysis patients with a p value of 0.000. It is hoped that the Valsalva maneuver technique can be an independent nursing intervention in reducing stabbing pain so that the comfort of hemodialysis patients increases. Keywords: Arteriovenous fistula, hemodialysis, stabbing pain, valsalva maneuver
Pemberian Buah Pepaya Muda (Carica Papaya Linnaeus) Terhadap Kecukupan Asi Pada Ibu Post Partum
Authors: Carolin Bunga Tiara , Siauta Jenny Anna , Damayanti Irma
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAKASI mengandung gizi tinggi yang sangat bermanfaat untuk kesehatan bayi, bahkan WHO merekomendasikan bayi untuk mendapatkan ASI eksklusif selama 6 bulan. Pencapaian ASI eksklusif di Indonesia belum mencapai angka yang diharapkan. Menurut Kemenkes RI pada  (2018) cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif hanya 36% yang akan memberikan dampak negatif terhadap status kesehatan gizi, serta tingkat kecerdasan anak. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian buah papaya muda terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu post partum. Penelitian ini menggunakan quasy experiment dengan two group with pretest and postest design. Sampel berjumlah 30 ibu post partum yang melahirkan normal. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah paired T-Test dan Independet T-Test. Rata-rata skor kecukupan ASI pada kelompok eksperimen sebelum diberikan buah pepaya muda adalah 5,93 dan sesudah adalah 14,60. Rata-rata kecukupan ASI pada kelompok kontrol sebelum adalah 6,60  dan sesudah adalah 7,86. Analisis bivariat menggunakan Independent t-test diperoleh p value = 0,00. Hal ini berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan kecukupan ASI pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Buah pepaya muda terbukti menstimulasi produksi ASI. Oleh karena itu diharapkan bagi bidan unuk dapat memberikan penyuluhan tentang manfaat buah pepaya muda guna meningkatkan produksi ASI agar ibu memberikan ASI eksklusif. Kata Kunci : kecukupan ASI; buah pepaya muda; ibu post partum ABSTRACTBreast milk contains high nutrition which is very beneficial for the health babies, even WHO recommends babies to get exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. The achievement of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia has not reached the expected number. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2018) the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding is only 36% which will have a negative impact on the nutritional health status and the level of intelligence of children. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of papaya fruit on breast milk production in post partum women. This study used a quasy experiment with two groups with pretest and posttest design. A sample of 30 postpartum women who gave birth normally. Data analysis had been done by paired T-Test and Independent T-Test. The average adequacy rate of postpartum women in the experimental group before being given raw papaya fruit was 5.93 and after 14.60. The mean postpartum breastfeeding adequacy rate in the control group before was 6.60 and after 7.86. Bivariate analysis using Independent t-test obtained p value = 0.00. There is a significant difference in the adequacy of breast milk in the experimental group and the control group. Papaya fruit is proven to stimulate breast milk production. Therefore, it is hoped that midwives can provide counseling about the benefits of young papaya fruit to increase milk production so that mothers provide exclusive breastfeeding Key words : adequacy breat milk, young papaya fruit, postpartum women
Jus Remakuda (Sereh, Kurma, Air Kelapa Muda) terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Dismenore pada Remaja
Authors: Fatmawati Zeny , Fatmawati Elis
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAKDismenorea merupakan rasa nyeri pada daerah perut bagian bawah sampai kepanggul, yang disebabkan oleh produksi zat kimia yang bernama prostaglandin yang dinyatakan dapat meningkatkan nyeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas Jus remakuda terhadap penurunan Intensitas dismenore pada remaja putri. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pra eksperimen one group pre test post test design Populasi adalah semua siswi SMPN 1 Tembelang, Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel  60 remaja putri SMPN 1 Tembelang Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 01-30 September 2021 di SMPN I Tembelang Kabupaten Jombang. lembar observasi skala nyeri Numeric Ratting Scale (NRS) dan Wong Baker Pain Rating Scale untuk mengukur intensitas dimenore, data di analisa menggunakan uji WilcoxonHasil : Setelah di berikan pemberian jus Remakuda selama 5 hari pada remaja putri yang sedang menstruasi dan mengalami dismenore di dapatkan  nilai Z :-7.103 dan p: 0.000  Jus Remakuda berpengaruh terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Dismenore pada remaja putri, Kata Kunci: jus remakuda; dismenore; remaja ABSTRACT Dysmenorrhea is pain in the lower abdomen to the pelvis, which is caused by the production of a chemical called prostaglandin which is stated to increase pain. The research design was a pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design. The population was all students of State Junior High School 1 of  Tembelang. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling with a sample of 60 young women at State Junior High School 1 of  Tembelang. The study was conducted on 01-30 September 2021. at SMPN I Tembelang, Jombang Regency. This research instrument used an observation sheet for the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain scale and the Wong Baker Pain Rating Scale to measure the intensity of dysmenorrhea, the data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. After being given Remakuda juice for 5 days, young women who are menstruating and experiencing dysmenorrhea get Z value: -7.103 and p: 0.000 Remakuda juice has an effect on reducing the intensity of dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls. Keyword : remakuda juice; dysmenorrhea; adolescents
PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF INCOME CAPITALIZATION METHOD IN BUSINESS VALUATION – SOME HIGHLIGHTS
Authors: Todorov Lyubomir
Published: December 2021

The paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of the income approach in business valuation, the essence of the method of income capitalization, as well as the peculiarities related to its application. Two main variants of the method are presented, depending on the choice of income to be capitalized. The first option is based on the net cash flow and is mainly applied to the valuation of enterprises with high investment absorption and, respectively, high share of depreciation in total expenses. The second option is based on net profit and is preferred by valuers when valuing low investment absorption firms or holding companies.A practical case study is presented to evaluate a holding company related to the determination of the market value of a minority share package. The cost of equity of the rated entity is determined by the CAPM model modifications for emerging markets. At the end, conclusions have been drawn and some problems have been described that appraisers should pay attention to. The Income Capitalization method has an easy algorithm, but its practical application is not so simple. Both fundamental knowledge and experience, as well as evaluators' attention are required, as a number of factors and circumstances must be taken into account regarding: the choice of income to be capitalized, the choice of variant for valuation methodology, model for determining the cost of equity or the weighted average cost of capital, determining the “small firm risk premium”, determining the normalized income, the long-term rate of income growth, adjustments for minority or majority ownership, adjustments for marketability and others. In this method, the market value of equity (VE) is highly sensitive to the discount rate (the cost of capital), the long-term growth rate and the capitalization rate, respectively. Even small differences in these parameters can lead to a large difference in the value of the estimate. This requires precision and good argumentation on the part of the valuers regarding the pricing of equity, the cost of debt and the long-term average annual growth rate of income.For companies with stable incomes and good prospects for development, this method provides a relatively accurate estimate of the market value of equity. However, it must be borne in mind that the future is always uncertain. In this regard, appraisers should make a sufficiently accurate assessment of the level of business risk and financial risk of the entity being evaluated.
CREATION JOBS IN THE REAL SECTOR: CASE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: Bardarova Snezana , Magdincheva-Shopova Marija , Ristovska Andrijana , Durkalic Danijela
Published: December 2021

The Macedonian labor market is characterized by deep structural imbalances and a high presence of structural unemployment in overall unemployment. The roots of such imbalances can be traced to a number of factors, including a lack of regional mobility, the deindustrialization of these economies during the transition period, and the resulting massive unemployment of low-skilled and difficult-to-adapt labor, or a weak link between education systems and requirements in industry36.The new conception of the small enterprise as a carrier and engine of economic development is quite persuasive with its economic logic and reaffirms the small enterprise as a significant economic sector. The activities within the small enterprises are aimed at intensifying the results of the work by achieving a balance between objective possibilities and good working principles. The monitoring of the small enterprise, through the prism of its influence on economic growth and development, rejects the traditional view for small enterprises as security guards.The SME sector is a driver of inclusive economic growth in Macedonia and the creation of sustainable jobs increasing productivity. It also does not agree with the notion that small enterprises are economically inefficient organisms.The subject of research in this paper is focused on conducting analysis of the active enterprises in the Republic of Macedonia by sector and by number of employees in the period from 2011 to 2017, as well as analysis of the of economic growth (GDP) in the period 2011-2016.
MODELS FOR DIAGNOSTICING ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AT SCHOOL
Authors: Shehova – Kanelova Mariana , Slavova Philipova Nevena , Derijan Icka
Published: December 2021

The paper consists of specific results of an empirical study for identifying organizational cultures in different school establishments. The term "culture" is derived from Latin and literally translates to "cultivate the land" or "cultivate". It pertains to fundamental concepts in modern humanities. It has many meanings and is used in a variety of contexts. With their environment, the culture is an interactively connected set of common characteristics that influence the interactions of human groups. Culture is "the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another." It resembles a common rules system, values, and norms of a class, a profession, a type of subculture, that acknowledged and adhered to the spirit of tradition, as a general level of social development, such as a sphere and form of activities related to thinking, science, accepted norms of behavior, historical heritage, etc. In today’s society, the term culture is applied at both organizational and managerial levels. When we talk about the culture of an organization, we most often mean the values embodied in it.
CURRENT STAGE AND PERSPECTIVES FOR THE ADVANCING DEVELOPMENT OF THE DANUBE REGION - FACTORS OF GROWTH
Authors: Assenova Kamelia
Published: December 2021

The economic development of Bulgaria characterizes with regional misbalances. As a result, it found different usage of factors of growth and conditions for business in different regions of Bulgaria. It causes lower productivity, different level of incomes, of public serves, quality of life and welfare in different points of the country. The increasing well – being is the aim of every economic policy.The basic of theory for economic development is the research of Solow. According his theory, main factors for economic growth are: capital(К), labour force (L) and technology. Nowadays one of main factor is innovation. Solow calculates 1/3 to 1/2 of economic growth depends on the technology.The Danube region includes 11 districts in the North Bulgaria. They are a part of 3 economic regions. These districts are lower developed; some of them are poorest regions in EU. GDP of Danube region is 16,09% of GDP of Bulgaria. The average income per capita in the region is 9249.70 lv by 14280 lv average for the country in 2017.It requirest research in details the factors of economic development in Danube region. It will permit to be realized advancing economic growth in the region compere with average in the country. For the countries on the Balkans is typical the growth to depends on consumption. It is different compare with developed country. By the creation of mathematical model, it researched the impact of growth factors in the region in short and long term. It will define the factors influence on the growth and in perspective to be realized advancing development of Danube region.
IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC FACTORS IN NONPERFORMING LOANS IN KOSOVO
Authors: Morina Donjeta
Published: December 2021

An efficient and developed banking system is essential for the growth of any economy and the purpose of any banking system is to operate profitably in order to maintain sustainability and financial stability. Banks carry out many activities to make a profit, and the main activity of each bank is lending, thus enabling consumption and investment in the economy. Despite the importance of this activity in terms of income for banks, the lending process is not as easy as one might imagine. During this activity, banks faced delays from borrowers, which resulted in non-performing loans, as an obstacle to the efficiency of banking activities. The level of these loans varies from country to country and is nowadays considered as an integral part of the commercial banking of each country. There are many factors that directly or indirectly affect the level of these loans and the key influential factors are considered the macroeconomic factors. They are considered to be the main cause of the increase in non-performing loans as they generally affect all sectors of the economy. As a result of the negative reversal of these factors, borrowers will encounter liquidity shortages, which in turn will increase the likelihood of delays in fulfilling liabilities to the bank, in this case directly affecting the level of nonperforming loans. The key macroeconomic factors examined in the literature are Economic Growth, Unemployment, Inflation, Credit Interest Rates and Exchange Rates.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of macroeconomic factors such as GDP Growth, Inflation, Interest Rates on credits and Unemployment on the level of non-performing loans in Kosovo by looking at macroeconomic indicators over the period 2010 - 2018. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of macroeconomic factors such as GDP Growth, Inflation, Interest Rates on the credits and Unemployment on the level of non-performing loans in Kosovo by looking at macroeconomic indicators over the period 2010 - 2018. A multiple regression model was applied to see the effect of these factors on the level of non-performing loans in Kosovo over the years taken in the study. To realize the purpose of the study through this model are defined macroeconomic factors as independent variables as necessary for analysis and is seeing their impact in non-performing loans defined in study as the dependent variable. The results show that interest rates are considered as the main macroeconomic factor affecting the level of nonperforming loans in Kosovo and is the main factor positively related to this type of loans. In recent years, the decline of interest rates in the banking sector has had a positive impact on the decline of non-performing loans, which has increased the financial stability within this sector.
CHALLENGES OF THE COMPETITION POLICY IN SERBIA AND OTHER WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Stojanović Boban , Ranđelović Milan , Vučić Vladan
Published: December 2021

Free and undisturbed competition, in terms of competing among the market participants to gain as much share as possible, is one of the cornerstones of the efficient functioning of a market economy, all with the aim of increasing social welfare. Due to the emergence and increase of numerous market anomalies, the market of perfect (complete) competition remains only a theoretically viable concept, while imperfect market structures and unequal market relations form are an economic reality. The market in some countries is developed as much as the competition. A competition must be encouraged and even protected with mechanisms and standards that are appropriate to the market economy. In this way the competition encourages an increase of market players performanses. In the process of accession of Serbia and other Western Balkan countries to the European Union one of the most sensitive and most complex economic problems is just related to the construction of a modern market structure. It is certain that the attitude towards the market and the development of competition should have a crucial role in the future economic development and the inclusion of these countries in trends on the single European market. In this sense it is a developed legal regulation which, on the one hand, encourages and helps to strengthen the competitiveness of enterprises in domestic and foreign markets, and on the other hand, with very rigorous sanctions discouraged and suppressing the creation of monopolies, effectively prevents all forms of distortion of competition, monopolistic tendencies (agreements), abuse of the dominant position in the market. The inherent aspiration to restrict competition in any way requires the establishment of an adequate legal and institutional framework. Forming an effective antitrust policy is a conditio sine qua non for the smooth operation of the "invisible hand" in the field of competition protection. Experience shows that in the transition countries the most complex issue is related to the construction of a competetive market structure in a function of ensuring an intense and effective competition between economic entities. Antitrust legislation is therefore particularly important in small open economies that are in pressure of globalization and local state and private monopolies. Among these countries are the Western Balkan states, which are the subject of the research of authors in this paper. Experience shows, and the current practice in Serbia fully confirm that just in the domain of creating the competitive market conditions show considerable resistance. Paper points out the shortcomings and the possible increase in the degree of efficiency of antitrust legislation in the Western Balkan countries.
THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, IN THE SOCIETY INTEREST “KOSOVO CASE”
Authors: Elezaj Elvis , Morina Donjeta , Draga Edona
Published: December 2021

This paper will be accomplished by describing and verifying the social responsibility of organizations in the state of the Republic of Kosovo to undertake the study of the impact and impact these organizations have on the Kosovo society and the population in general. This paper will show how individuals and society in general see social responsibility as current in Kosovo, including employment, environmental protection, unemployment reduction and many other activities that have a crucial impact on our country. Although the new approach in our country as an approach and activity requires rapid implementation because every organization in the global market is heading towards orientation in increasing social capacities and integrating activities that have a positive effect on the society in which the organization surrounds. In order to get closer to this, hypotheses will be discussed, starting from the main one and under hypotheses which are accompanied by research questions which will specify and detail how social responsibility is an indispensable act for an existence of an organization. Today, the management of large national and international organizations is oriented towards enhancing their interests as well as their society, because they are an obligation that must be met against socialization in general and at the same time it is necessary to undertake various actions which, apart from the operationalization of these actions have an effect on the organization and groups of individuals in general. So in this paper we will try to see the case of Kosovo which variables and factors are affecting and applying in our country either as a responsibility or as an effect they have an obligation by analyzing factors such as economic growth, employment, greening investments, environmental protection.
KNOWLEDGE - FINAL RESULT OR PERMANENT PROGRESS
Authors: G. Borisova Lalka , Iv. Baltova Stela
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, the world through the eyes of young people probably looks in a different way from the one in the horizon of a previous generation. Why is that? Because today their daily routine is dependent to new technologies, social networking, international training and development programs. In line with this, upon graduation, their jobs require flexible skills, teamwork skills and special competencies for each profession. Did the Higher schools prepare them for the actual practical work, are they aware they will face problems and tasks they are not prepared for, because of many reasons. For the professions of the future and the lifelong learning, analytical and critical thinking, emotional intelligence and competence, effective problem solving, creativity and proactiveness will be required. The way today's students prepare for the time ahead goes through the education. But not the education that exists in most universities presently, but a new education - with other goals and practice-oriented approaches. Universities of the future should not place first the assessment and theoretical knowledge, but the skills and achievements of students, the acquisition of certain competencies. Training should be directed towards enhanced hands-on training and greater involvement of trainees in this process - what they want to do with their hands; to research, to discuss, to search themselves the answers to raised problems. Thus, in addition to theory, they will learn to solve real-life problems they may have better solutions to. Modern technologies come to the rescue as an aid in teaching and communication. In this new education, the role of the teacher is even more important - he is a mentor, tutor, sets the direction for development, notices the individual capacities and talents of each individually, maintains effective feedback, encourages the results achieved. This does not end the learning process, the goal is not to evaluate these high-scoring results, but to work for continuous progress. Then it can be said the teacher has fulfilled his mission. To sum, to make sense and satisfaction for both parties, the dedication from educators and from trainees is needed. Students need to find sense, satisfaction and purpose in what they do. This is the thesis that we will try to prove in this study - the power of tomorrow's knowledge, and its absorption depends on the personality of the teachers and the motivation of the students.
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT: PARALLEL TEACHING AND COLLABORATIVE MENTORING
Authors: Miftari Igballe
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to identify certain common issues in the field of professional development, namely, its’ main focus is on the issue of collaborative learning and teaching. The effects of parallel teaching and collaborative feedback are noticeably positive in the recent years of development. Reflective feedback, self-reflections and observations all serve as indicators of overall professional development and of course, provide teachers with insights regarding their teaching methodology. The term collaboration (which might also be found as cooperation), stands for equal treatment and understanding of the individuals in the classroom and implies “working together to achieve a certain, common goal.” Participants in the case study are MA students of Faculty of Education, English Language Teaching at IBU, which were engaged in parallel teaching in one of my courses. The procedure was followed by observation, self-reflection and self-criticism. The first procedure was implemented in order for students to observe each other in their teaching styles, namely, to observe how two different students teach the same lecture. The second part of the procedure, namely the self-refection part was intended for students to make a comparison between themselves and their colleagues by noticing what was lacking in their teaching and the third procedure, self-criticism served as a starting point in admitting that criticism is regarded as positive feedback in teaching, rather than negative. The whole procedure of events was followed by a round-table discussion, in which, students accepted their colleagues’ remarks. Questions that students responded to were questions such as: “What could I improve?” and “What was lacking in my lesson?” “How did the experience help me improve my theory?” “What did I enjoy in this experience?” etc. Also, statements that followed the experience were such as “I advise you to…” and “I would differently apply the following (in my teaching)” etc. The experience with the obtained results, student remarks and future recommendations will be presented below.
ANALYSIS OF RL-CIRCUIT SUPPLIED BY VOLTAGE WITH SINUS OR SQUARE WAVEFORM
Authors: Stefanov Goce , Sharac Vasilija
Published: December 2021

The serial connection of resistor R and inductance L is a basic electronic circuit. It's the same is main circuit in industrial power consumers: electric motors, induction furnaces, welding devices and other electrical consumers. The ratio of the values on resistor and inductance in the serial circuit determines the amount of active energy that the power source delivers to the consumer. From the power point of view, the amount of this energy should be as high as possible, ie the circuit should work with a good power factor and a good efficiency.When the RL-circuit is supplied by sinusoidal-prostoperiodic voltage the amount of active energy is determined by the values on effective voltage and current in the circuit, and the power factor determined by the phase difference between the voltage and current. In the literature there is detail information for the work of the serial RL-circuit supplied by sinusoidal voltage.The situation is quite different when the RL-circuit is supplied by voltage with square waveform. The amount of delivered energy then depends not only on the phase difference between the voltage and the current, but also and from the harmonic distortion of the magnitudes of the voltage and current.Such RL-circuits, supply by voltage with square waveform are found in all power converters: speed regulators in directional and alternating motor, induction heating devices, voltage regulators for different RL-consumers. In the literature which deals with this matter, there is room for clarification of nature of the behavior on RL-circuit supply by voltage with square waveform.In this paper first is made a mathematical calculation of power when the serial RL-circuit is supplied by voltage with sinus waveform and when it is supplied by voltage with square waveform. Also are give the results obtained with simulations in the PowerSim software package. In finally are given the experimental results of this circuit. An analysis of the obtained results and a comparison of the performance of the RL-circuit supply by the two analyzed waveforms, sinusoidal and quadratic are made.
INFLUENCE OF EXTRACT Cannabis sativa L. ON LIPID PEROXIDATION ACTIVITY Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.
Authors: Konstantinović Bojan , Šućur Jovana , Kojić Mirjana , Samardžić Nataša , Vidović Senka , Koren Anamarija , Vladić Jelena , Gavarić Aleksandra , Popov Milena
Published: December 2021

Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. belongs to highly invasive weed species. In mid-1900s, the cultivation of this species as a forage crop led to its invasiveness (Peerzada et al., 2017). Yield losses it causes are up to 57-88% on very important agricultural and horticultural crops (Peerzada et al., 2017). It is highly tolerant to herbicides and rapid vegetative growth makes it difficult to control. Finding new methods that will help combat invasive species with less environmental impact is gaining importance. Allelopathy is very important for finding new compounds that can be used to combat invasive weeds (Arora et al., 2015). Allelochemicals are very important in relationship between plants and their environment (Cespedes et al., 2014). McPartland (1997) points to repellent and pesticidal properties of Cannabis sativa L.The aim of this study is to investigate allelopathic effect of C. sativa L. extract on lipid peroxidation activity in leaves of treated plants of S. halepense (L.) Pers.Extract obtained by the classical extraction process was applied at concentrations of 100%, 50%, 25% and 10%, while the control variant was not treated. Plants of S. halepense L. (Pers.) were in the initial stages of growth when extract was applied. Experiment was performed under field conditions. Plants respond to adverse environmental effects by changes in biochemical processes (Sunmonu & Van Staden, 2014). Sampling of treated plants was performed after 6h and 24h. Biochemical analyzes of fresh leaves of S. halepense (L.) Pers. lipid peroxidation activity was determined.C. sativa L. extract caused changes in the lipid peroxidation activity of S. halepense (L.) Pers. Increased activity was only in variant of application of the highest concentration of extract with a statistically significant difference in both sampling moments. Value of monitored activity in control variant was 73.18 nmol MDA / g SBM while in variant with 100% application of the extract it was 99.36 nmol MDA / g SBM after 6h. After 24 h, a value of 100% extract of 80.02 nmol MDA / g SBM was obtained, as opposed to control with a lipid peroxidation value of 68.27 nmol MDA / g SBM. Other variants of application did not show statistically significant differences with respect to control after 6 h from moment of treatment. Less pronounced differences in obtained values were observed in variants with 50%, 25% and 10% compared to control after 24 h.An increase in lipid peroxidation activity in variants using 100% C. sativa L. extract is a response to plant exposure to stress, thus proving an allelopathic effect on treated plants.
IMPACT OF HYDROPOWER PLANT ON CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: Šmelcerović Miodrag
Published: December 2021

Ocean waves are an immense, unused source of energy. Since for climate change, global attention is nowadays constantly being drawn to the fact that the level of CO2 is rising, creating the so called “greenhouse effect”, and influencing further climate changes, the focus on generating electricity from renewable sources forces itself as an important area of future research. The possibility to exploit the energy potential created by sea waves indisputably exists. Various researches conducted in the field of unused energy sources prove the necessity of seriously considering this potential of sea waves. The illustration of this point in noted in a recently performed estimation that up to 15 per cent of current UK electricity demand could be met by wave energy, and when this is combined with tidal stream generation, even up to 20 per cent of the UK demand for electrical power could be met. This paper introduces the readers to the topic of water power, as a natural source of renewable energy, investigating the possibility of using power of waves as one of the technically and ecologically appropriate solutions of exploiting this renewable natural source. It is a fact widely acknowledged that climate change and global warming are the number-one challenge of the contemporary world; practically every available research predicts that with the current rate of development the world is heading for at least 2, and even more likely 3-4, degrees warmer climate by the end of this century. As energy production and use account for two-thirds of global greenhouse-gas emissions, the energy industry is in a key role to cut emissions – while powering economic growth, boosting energy security and increasing energy access. In view of this, hydropower can make a major contribution to climate change mitigation. Not only is hydropower practically CO₂-free, thus eliminating its possible contribution to the greenhouse effect, but it is also both more efficient and flexible compared with existing fossil alternatives for base load and balancing power. Even though the world is aware of the potential of hydropower, and despite the fact that many wave energy devices are nowadays being investigated, most of these are currently at the research and development stage, with only a small range of devices having been tested at large scale, deployed in the oceans. Thus, one of the goals of this paper would be to present the technology used to turn the power of waves unto electric power, as well as the various types of turbines and devices which represent the latest technological achievements in this area. The goal of this paper is also to present the existing devices, their manner of functioning, and their efficiency and safety from the environmental aspect. It is also important to note that hydropower’s own overall environmental impact is limited, thus making hydropower more benevolent to the environment than other energy sources that have been exploited so far.
TRADITIONAL MACEDONIAN SAUSAGES WITH STARTER CULTURES
Authors: Silovska Nikolova Aleksandra , Pejkovski Zlatko , Belichovska Daniela , Belichovska Katerina
Published: December 2021

The Krushevo sausage and The Vevchani Sausage - lukanec are authentic kinds of traditional sausages in The Republic of Macedonia. These traditional sausages are part of the domestic sausages group and, as such, they have very specific characteristics. They recently entered the world ark of flavours supported by the “Slow Food” organization. The purpose of this thesis is to examine whether the leek, in dry condition, as a natural source of nitrates, combined with the starter cultures Bactoferm CS-300 together with SafeProImporous, could produce satisfactory results for making the Krushevo sausage and The Vevchani sausage – lukanec. It has been concluded that, for both types of sausages, the desired color has been reached, without using nitrites which are harmful for our health. The dry leek can be used as a suitable substitute for the chard in powder. The starter cultures helped reaching better sensory characteristics (color of surface and cross section, flavor, scent, texture) of the product, thus getting a traditional product with standardized sensory characteristics and an extended expiry date without using any additives. By using starter cultures and dry leek when producing sausages, practically, the international E-symbols (additives) may be taken out from the label, thus satisfying the needs of the modern consumer. Nowadays, the modern consumers increase the awareness for healthy life, and so they change their diet habits. Having this in mind, they reduce consuming processed meat products or they consume natural processed meat products, which contain less amount of additives. The meat processing companies need to consider using starter cultures and alternative sources of nitrites, thus getting processed meat products with standardized sensory characteristics as well as extended expiry date without using harmful additives.
BIOCENOTIC HETEROGENEITY IN ANTHROPOZOONOSIS FOR EGGS - TRIMODULATE ECOTECHNICAL AGROCENOSIS FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF MANURE
Authors: Kirov Veselin , Tchoukanov Alexander
Published: December 2021

There are three models of detritus chains that reproduce the technology for processing manure applied in practice for utilization of fertilizer from hens that were raised with floor adherence to the technological standards: biotechnological chain for anaerobic degradation of fertilizer (AR); for controlled aerobic degradation (composting, K) and installation of a plant that carries out processes of extensive aerobic degradation, and there is also reproduction of good farming practices (GFP) which include the creation of conditions for uncontrolled aeration for the duration of 180 days. It is established that the AR combines to a maximal degree, environmental priorities with economic priorities as there is the production of a gas fuel and a biosludge, which exists in its highest value as a fertilizer. A modified mathematical model is proposed to optimize the technological parameters of AR. In order to obtain optimal concentration (7-8%) to achieve maximum environmental efficiency (criteria R - maximum degree of degradation of organic matter in fertilizer), a sevenfold dilution of the substrate in water is required. Seven times the amount of product (biosludge) with a relatively low dry matter content- 4.08 %, is obtained.The possibility of separating the biosludge has been studied. The liquid phase, which contains 65% of the dry matter, is found to include 60% of the organic matter and forms the predominant part of the biogenic elements: 87% of the nitrogen, in point, and 92% of the ammonium ions; 90% of the potassium, 74% of the magnesium and 79% of the calcium. More than a 1/3 of the dry matter (35%) and 40% of the organic matter remain in the solid phase, but its content of the plant-based macronutrients is much lower: for nitrogen- 13%, for phosphorus- 24%, for potassium- 10%, for magnesium- 26% and for calcium- 21%.About 20% of the energy generated as biogas is consumed for the separation and granulation of the solid fraction. To improve energy efficiency, proposed is the creation of a three-module ecotechnical system for efficient utilization of biosludge, by depositing in the soil of the agrocenosis for feed production by the method of Petrov et al (1981) every 10 months yearly and separating the biosludge during the other two months, through which soil tillage is impossible due to meteorological conditions. During this period, the liquid phase is stored in cement reservoirs and separation is managed appropriately to avoid sedimentation of the solid phase of the biosludge during storage.