bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
N-acetylglucosamine supplementation fails to bypass the critical acetylation of glucosamine-6-phosphate required for Toxoplasma gondii replication and invasion
Authors: Alberione María Pía , González-Ruiz Víctor , von Rohr Olivier , Rudaz Serge , Soldati-Favre Dominique , Izquierdo Luis , Kloehn Joachim
Published: June 2024

The cell surface of Toxoplasma gondii is rich in glycoconjugates which hold diverse and vital functions in the lytic cycle of this obligate intracellular parasite. Additionally, the cyst wall of bradyzoites, that shields the persistent form responsible for chronic infection from the immune system, is heavily glycosylated. Formation of glycoconjugates relies on activated sugar nucleotides, such as uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). The glucosamine-phosphate-N-acetyltransferase (GNA1) generates N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate critical to produce UDP-GlcNAc. Here, we demonstrate that downregulation of T. gondii GNA1 results in a severe reduction of UDP-GlcNAc and a concomitant drop in glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs), leading to impairment of the parasite’s ability to invade and replicate in the host cell. Surprisingly, attempts to rescue this defect through exogenous GlcNAc supplementation fail to completely restore these vital functions. In depth metabolomic analyses elucidate diverse causes underlying the failed rescue: utilization of GlcNAc is inefficient under glucose-replete conditions and fails to restore UDP-GlcNAc levels in GNA1-depleted parasites. In contrast, GlcNAc-supplementation under glucose-deplete conditions fully restores UDP-GlcNAc levels but fails to rescue the defects associated with GNA1 depletion. Our results underscore the importance of glucosamine-6-phosphate acetylation in governing T. gondii replication and invasion and highlight the potential of the evolutionary divergent GNA1 in Apicomplexa as a target for the development of much-needed new therapeutic strategies.
Human cytomegalovirus deploys molecular mimicry to recruit VPS4A to sites of virus assembly
Authors: Butt Benjamin G. , Fischer Daniela , Rep Alison R. , Schauflinger Martin , Read Clarissa , Böck Thomas , Hirner Manuel , Wienen Frederik , Graham Stephen C. , von Einem Jens
Published: June 2024

The AAA-type ATPase VPS4 is recruited by proteins of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III) to catalyse membrane constriction and membrane fission. VPS4A accumulates at the cytoplasmic viral assembly complex (cVAC) of cells infected with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), the site where nascent virus particles obtain their membrane envelope. Here we show that VPS4A is recruited to the cVAC via interaction with pUL71. Sequence analysis, deep-learning structure prediction, molecular dynamics and mutagenic analysis identify a short peptide motif in the C-terminal region of pUL71 that is necessary and sufficient for the interaction with VPS4A. This motif is predicted to bind the same groove of the N-terminal VPS4A Microtubule-Interacting and Trafficking (MIT) domain as the Type 2 MIT-Interacting Motif (MIM2) of cellular ESCRT-III components, and this viral MIM2-like motif (vMIM2) is conserved across β-herpesvirus pUL71 homologues. However, recruitment of VPS4A by pUL71 is dispensable for HCMV morphogenesis or replication and the function of the conserved vMIM2 during infection remains enigmatic. VPS4-recruitment via a vMIM2 represents a previously unknown mechanism of molecular mimicry in viruses, extending previous observations that herpesviruses encode proteins with structural and functional homology to cellular ESCRT-III components.
Pronóstico audio-vestibular de los pacientes con sordera súbita idiopática y vértigo
Authors: Benito-Orejas José Ignacio , Álvarez-Álvarez María , Alonso-Vielba José , Muñoz-Moreno María Fe
Published: June 2024

Introducción y objetivos:
Evaluar la relación entre la clínica y la función cócleo-vestibular en los pacientes diagnosticados de sordera súbita idiopática (SSI) asociada a vértigo (SV). Con este estudio pretendemos investigar la prevalencia de las lesiones vestíbulo-cocleares encontradas en los pacientes con SSI+V y la correlación del resultado de las pruebas de función vestibular con la severidad y el pronóstico de la hipoacusia.

Material y método:
Estudio retrospectivo/prospectivo de 42 pacientes diagnosticados de SSI+SV mediante audiometría, videonistagmografía, potenciales evocados miogénicos vestibulares cervicales y vHIT. Tuvimos en cuenta datos epidemiológicos y clínicos, complementándolos con un examen de resonancia magnética y un amplio estudio analítico. Finalmente evaluamos estadísticamente los datos obtenidos.

Resultados:
El deterioro cócleo vestibular varía en función del tiempo transcurrido desde el evento. Hay una estrecha correlación entre el grado de hipoacusia y la disfunción vestibular. El daño vestibular es mayor en caso de SSI profunda. Los receptores vestibulares más afectados fueron el sáculo y el conducto semicircular posterior y el menos afectado fue el anterior. La función del conducto semicircular horizontal es fundamental en la predicción de la hipoacusia.

Discusión:
El pronóstico de una paciente con SSI+SV, es un desafío que se va superando a medida que reconocemos los factores que determinan su evolución.

Conclusiones:
En el síndrome de SSI+SV, la severidad de la hipoacusia depende de la extensión del daño vestibular, pero también está influido por otros factores acompañantes.
The Association between the Internet and Service Trade in the U.S.: A Panel Data Evidence
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kang Myeong Joo
Published: June 2024

The development of the internet has reduced transaction costs for a several decades in international trade and consequently it facilitates trade in services. In this perspective, the study used panel data for the U.S. and its 37 trading countries from 2006 to 2021. This study empirically examines the impact of the development of the internet on service trade, service exports and service imports respectively by utilizing the gravity type model of trade. Regression results show that the internet has played an import role on accelerating service trade in the U.S. First, the results indicate that the development of the internet has positive and significant effects on service trade, service exports and imports. Secondly, the measured effect of the internet on the service exports is bigger than that of its effect on service trade and service imports. From this result, it can be seen that the development of the internet has contributed more to the increase in service exports than compared to that of service imports in the U.S. Consequently, this result provides the direction of government policy insight for the future to promote more service trade and in turn lead to more service account surplus in the U.S.
Teachers’ Perception and Practice of English Language Teaching Following CLT Approach in Times of Crisis
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Xin Hu Xin Hu , Park Kiyong
Published: June 2024

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of teachers’ perception and their perceived practice of instructional strategies in the implementation of English language teaching following Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach online in two Chinese universities amid the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. The mixed methodology of quantitative and qualitative approaches in crisis management was employed in this study. The data was collected from forty college English teachers through survey questionnaire, a case study, and semi-structured phone-call interview. The findings revealed that almost teachers’ perception and practice had a noticeably positive correlativity with the characteristics of CLT approach, directly manifesting that the three intricate characteristics of online CLT approach: learner-centered approach; four English language skills linked together in teaching process; and authentic materials promoted. Additionally, online group discussion; pair work; and presentation to whole class they’ve experienced are prominently tied. Nevertheless, some online problems and obstacles were likewise illustrated in the crisis management, which probed to be difficultly operated in prolific English language teaching class online: large online class size; lack of students’ active participation; and little time to prepare teaching materials. Pedagogical Implications for the study are that teachers’ perception and practice within the characteristics of CLT approach amid the crisis have meaningful effects on online ELT development in higher education as well as the exhibited issues in class operation profoundly requires consideration to be kept from in college class.
Effect of potassium silicate on development and productivity in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] cultivars in an experimental cultivation area in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Santos Jander Edmar Dutra dos , Menezes Filho Antonio Carlos Pereira de , Melo Aurélio Ferreira , Sharma Porshia , Ventura Matheus Vinícius Abadia
Published: June 2024

Silicon (Si) is considered an essential element for the development of several groups of vegetables, including legumes (Soy) [Glycine max (L.) Merrill.]. This study aimed to evaluate different doses of potassium silicate (K2SiO4) rich in Si (25%) regarding the effects on the vegetative and reproductive phases for two soybean cultivars with technology HO IPRO Corumbá and HO i2x Mogi in red distroferric soil in the Southwest of Goiás, Brazil. Si doses (0, 150, 300, 600, and 900 kg ha-1) were evaluated for the parameters plant length, root length, aerial and root fresh mass, aerial and root dry mass, and number of pods for two cultivars Corumbá and Mogi. The results demonstrated positive effects for the Si doses applied, mainly at doses of 300-600 kg ha-1 for most parameters and for the dose of 900 kg ha-1 for the number of pods. Different dosages of Si expressed in potassium silicate demonstrated positive effects on the vegetative and reproductive increments of soybean cultivars Corumbá and Mogi.
Phytochemistry and antifungal activity of floral ethanolic extract of Schultesia aptera Cham. (Gentianaceae f.)
Authors: Silva Lucas Gomes , Carvalho Luis Eduardo Rodrigues de , Sharma Porshia , Melo Aurélio Ferreira , Menezes Filho Antonio Carlos Pereira de , Ventura Matheus Vinícius Abadia
Published: June 2024

Schultesia aptera is a plant species belonging to the Gentianaceae family found in Cerrado areas of Brazil. S. aptera presents a low number of studies, mainly phytochemical. This study aimed to evaluate the qualitative phytochemical profile and antifungal activity of agricultural interest of the floral ethanolic extract of S. aptera. Flowers were collected in April 2024. The ethanolic extract was obtained by maceration and then freeze-drying. The antifungal assays were carried out at different concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 µL mL-1) on the fungal strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Rhizopus stolonifer. Phytochemical prospecting demonstrated the presence of 10 groups of pharmaceutical, biotechnological and agricultural interest that have antifungal activities. The floral extract of S. aptera demonstrated effectiveness between the highest concentrations 100-300 µL mL-1 with inhibition rates between 33-71 for C. acutatum and between 31-67% for C. gloeosporioides. S. sclerotiorum and R. stolonifer strains were resistant to all concentrations. The floral ethanolic extract of Schultesia aptera demonstrated to be an antifungal agent on the genus Colletotrichum and can be used to control and inhibit Colletotrichum acutatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.
Slaughter yield, organ weight, abdominal fat, and consumer preference of noiler chicken on a diet with cashew kernel waste meal
Authors: Ojediran Taiwo Kayode , Olofintuyi Olajide Samuel , Fasola Blessing Ruth , Emiola Isiak Adewale
Published: June 2024

The cashew nut industry produces cashew kernel waste meal (CKWM), a nutrient-rich by-product high in protein. CKWM has shown promise as a feed component for laying hens and broiler chickens. This study aimed at determining the slaughter yield, organ weight, abdominal fat, and consumer preference of noiler chicken on diets with cashew kernel waste meals. 270-day-old noiler chicks were randomly separated into five groups, with six replicates of 9 birds each. The treatment groups (W2, W3, W4, and W5) were fed diets with 5.0%, 10.0%, 15.0%, and 20.0% inclusion of cashew kernel waste meal, while the control group (W1) received a diet devoid of CKWM. The boilers were slaughtered on the 56th (last) day of the study, and their slaughter yield, organ weight, abdominal fat, and organoleptic attributes were assessed. The outcome revealed that the CKWM in the diets of noiler birds significantly affected (p < 0.05) their slaughter yield, organ weight, abdominal fat, and overall acceptability. Except for live weight, eviscerated weight, neck, and shank, the results of the slaughter yield showed significant differences (p < 0.05). All organ weights differ significantly (p < 0.05) except the pancreas. All the organoleptic properties except the overall acceptability were not influenced (p > 0.05). Comparing the results obtained with the different inclusion levels, diets with 5.0% CKWM inclusion had higher bled weight, dressing weight, drumstick, breast, and back weight, while up to 20.0% was tolerable for gizzard and spleen weight, abdominal fat, and acceptance. Thus 5.00% CKWM is recommended for improved slaughter yield and while up to 20.0% is acceptable for abdominal fat and consumer acceptance.
Immunoenzymatic evaluation for aflatoxin, ochratoxin, and zearalenone in grains stored
Authors: Castro Filho Sebastião Antônio , Menezes Filho Antonio Carlos Pereira de , Sharma Porshia , Melo Aurélio Ferreira , Ventura Matheus Vinicius Abadia
Published: June 2024

Mycotoxins cause serious health problems in both humans and animals through ingestion of contaminated processed foods or feed. This study aimed to evaluate the storage of corn, soybean, bean, and chickpea cultivars in grains in High-Density Polyethylene drums for 12 months in the field. Samples of corn (5), soybean (5), bean (3), and chickpea (3) grains were collected, and crushed, and the extract containing mycotoxins was produced. The total quantification of Aflatoxins, Ochratoxin A and Zearalenone were determined by the rapid and direct immunoenzymatic method (ELISA). Four corn samples and two soybean samples showed positive results for the presence of Aflatoxins with results between 37 and 56 µg kg-1. For Ochratoxin A, three samples of corn, two soybeans, and two beans showed positive results between 5 and 9 µg kg-1. Whereas for Zearalenone two samples of corn, three of soybean, and one of bean and chickpea had positive results with means between 108 and 125 µg kg-1. Storage in High-Density Polyethylene drums proved not to be a viable option, and humidity and field storage can be harmful to corn, soybeans, beans, and chickpeas with moisture content between 10 to 17% and temperature between 25-30 °C.
Use of TC-325 Hemostatic Powder as a Rescue Monotherapy for Management of Rectal Variceal Bleed
Authors: Tabet Aoul Amel , Mupparuju Vamsee , Cirillo Jonathan , Chandrupatla Sreekanth , Jordan Jeffrey , Castano Maria , Oyesanmi Olugbenga
Published: June 2024

The use of the endoscopic hemostatic powder TC-325 as a rescue monotherapy or as an adjunct agent in achieving hemostasis has been studied in upper gastrointestinal variceal bleeds and nonvariceal lower gastrointestinal bleeds with promising results. In this report, we describe a case of a successful use of TC-325 as rescue monotherapy to manage rectal variceal bleeding in a patient with alcohol-related cirrhosis with no report of bleeding recurrence and no side effects within the first 7 days, 30 days, or 6 months.
A new trend on magnetic traps
Authors: Uriarte González Carlos
Published: June 2024

Magnetic traps are present in several science experiments, especially in those in which the aim is to isolate an object from the laboratory environment, to study its interaction with some element, as is the case of the study of superfluidity, where recently, it has become necessary to perform experiments in which the object of study is not physically attached to the laboratory environment. This book presents the design process of one of these traps, created to perform experiments in superfluidity, with an eminently practical approach but without neglecting the main theoretical elements.
Morphological Characteristics and Genetic Relationship of Red Snappers (Lutjanus timoriensis, Lutjanus malabaricus, Lutjanus erythropterus) in Papuan Waters
Authors: Pranata Bayu , Sala Ridwan , Kusuma Aradea Bujana , Purbani Debora Christin , Mokodongan Daniel Frikli , Sipriyadi Sipriyadi , Azhar Muhamad Ilham
Published: June 2024

Environmental and genetic variables can exert an influence on alterations in morphological traits. Within fish species inhabiting diverse aquatic settings, there can be observed variations in morphological traits. Genetically, variations in fish morphological characteristics can occur through mating and gene flow. To date, there has been a lack of research conducted on the variability in morphological traits and genetic relationships between Lutjanus timoriensis, L. malabaricus, and L. erythropterus. Thus, the current research aimed to identify variations in the morphological characteristics as well as in the intra- and inter-specific relationships between three red snapper species from the genus Lutjanus.  Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was used to study the molecular relationship among species of red snapper. The results showed that L. timoriensis had high intraspecific morphological variation in young individuals. Morphologically, L. timoriensis, L. malabaricus, and L. erythropterus are very similar. Unlike L. malabaricus and L. erythropterus, young and adult L. timoriensis have black patches in the pectoral fin axils. The adult L. erythropterus has a comparatively small mouth, no hump on its head, and no black saddle at the base of its tail. Meanwhile, L. malabaricus has a comparatively large mouth, a head with a hump, and a black saddle at the base of its tail. In terms of body size, L. erythropterus is larger than L. timoriensis and L. malabaricus. Based on NCBI and Bold System data, molecular analyses determined that the observed fish were L. timoriensis, L. malabaricus, L. erythropterus with a similarity of between 99.85 and 100%. The phylogenetic tree construction demonstrated that L. malabaricus, L. timoriensis and L. erythropterus were closely related.
Hemionitis calomelanos (Sw.) Christenh.: From traditional medicinal uses to chemical identification of active principles
Authors: Maroyi Alfred
Published: June 2024

Hemionitis calomelanos (Sw.) Christenh. is a fern widely used as a traditional medicine throughout its distributional range. This study aims to record, analyze, and provide insights into the historical, scientific, and ethnopharmacological properties of H. calomelanos. Multiple searches on existing literature on the medicinal, phytochemical, and pharmacological properties of H. calomelanos were conducted in online databases such as Scopus, JSTOR, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct as well as using pre-electronic literature sources obtained from the university library. This study revealed that the leaves, rhizomes, roots, stems and whole plant parts of H. calomelanos are mainly used as ethnoveterinary medicines, lucky and protective charm, and traditional medicine for colds, boils, cough, sores, and diarrhoea. Phytochemical research showed that the species is characterized by flavonoids, steroids, tannins, esters, alcohols, ketones, and alkanes. Ethnopharmacological research revealed that the extracts of the species demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activities. H. calomelanos is an important medicinal plant species in several countries with numerous medicinal applications. Despite its historical and traditional medicinal uses, many questions regarding the species’ ethnopharmacological properties and potential therapeutic effects remain to be answered. Therefore, future research should focus on validating the medicinal uses of H. calomelanos through elucidation of phytochemical composition, pharmacology, clinical application, toxicology, and safety.
Embarking on the era in new medicine: reshaping the systems of medical education and knowledge
Authors: Han Lefei , Wang Zhaojun , Zhou Xiaonong , Guo Xiaokui
Published: June 2024

Recent revolutions in science and technology have driven human civilisation to an unprecedented level and have promoted the rapid development of modern medicine. New Medicine (NM) is proposed in response to the recent technological revolution and higher requirements for health. The characteristics of NM have been summarised using systems, holistic, intelligent, and precision (SHIP) paradigms. The development of NM has led to substantial changes in healthcare systems and related human resources. However, information regarding how current medical talent cultivation goals adapt to the developments in the era of NM remains unclear. Such adaptations may require a systemic revamping of the current medical education. Recently, medical educators have proposed the construction of New Medical Education (NME), but no unified consensus on its connotation and roadmap exists. Systematically understanding the core essence of NM and identifying the matched strategies of NME are crucial and will benefit future reform strategies that attempt to tackle potential challenges and achieve sustainable goals for medical services. Here, we aim to summarise the changes that have emerged in the field of medicine, how these changes affect the development of medicine, and how the field should prepare for the future medical education.
Evolution of residual stress and microstructure of 2205 duplex stainless steel welded joints during different post-weld heat treatment
Authors: Wan Yu , Song Laimin , Xie Xuefang , Shi Yue
Published: June 2024

Duplex stainless steel (DSS) has been widely used in various applications due to the combination of excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. However, shielded manual arc welding (SMAW) always deteriorates its phase balance and further changes its mechanical properties. Therefore, an appropriate post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) is of the essence to gain the superior performance of the DSS SMAW joint. In this article, the effects of PWHT temperature on the microstructure and residual stress of 2205 DSS SMAW joint were investigated by both experimental and simulation methods. The microstructural characteristics including phase ratio, morphology, grain misorientation, and boundary type were analyzed by the electron backscattered diffraction, while the evolution of residual stress was investigated by a thermal–mechanical coupled finite-element simulation and hole drilling method. The results showed that the residual stress decreased significantly after PWHT, particularly under the higher PWHT temperature. The maximum longitudinal residual stress had dropped by 20.4 and 66.8% at the PWHT temperatures 380 and 1,050°C, which were both far below the yield strength. However, the increase in PWHT temperature promoted the phase proportion imbalance due to the excessive precipitation of intragranular austenite and the formation of low-angle grain boundaries. The fraction of austenite had reached 75.5% when the PWHT temperature was 1,050°C. In order to obtain a reasonable distribution of residual stress and microstructure for the 2205 DSS SMAW joint, it is recommended to perform PWHT at 380°C.
The H2Valdien derivatives regulate the epithelial–mesenchymal transition of hepatoma carcinoma cells through the Hedgehog signaling pathway
Authors: Zhao Xuhui , Shao Xiangxiang , Huang Xiaomin , Dang Chunyan , Wang Ruilin , Li Hongling
Published: June 2024

This research delves into the influence of H2Valdien derivatives on the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis induction in hepatoma carcinoma cells (HepG2, Huh-7, and SMMC-7721), with a specific emphasis on inhibiting epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) through modulation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. Utilizing the cell counting kit-8 method, flow cytometry, TUNEL assay, wound healing, and transwell assays, we observed a dose-dependent growth arrest and apoptosis induction in HepG2, Huh-7, and SMMC-7721 cells. Notably, H2Valdien derivatives exhibited a capacity to reduce migration and invasion, impacting the expression of EMT-associated proteins such as N-cadherin, vimentin, and E-cadherin. Mechanistically, these derivatives demonstrated the inhibition of the Hh signaling pathway by inactivating Sonic Hh (Shh) and smoothened proteins. This study underscores the robust antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of H2Valdien derivatives on hepatoma carcinoma cells and elucidates their regulatory role in EMT through modulation of the Hh signaling pathway, providing valuable insights for potential therapeutic interventions.
Weather index-based agricultural insurance for flower farmers: Willingness to pay, sales, and profitability perspectives
Authors: Mitra Sandip , Datta Ananna , Dipto Md. Rashid Asef , Khatun Most. Nilufa
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the nexus among the profitability, sales, and willingness to pay (WTP) more for weather index-based agricultural insurance premiums of flower farmers. In addition, the effect of sociodemographic and farm characteristics of flower farmers on their WTP more for insurance premiums was also estimated. A total of 160 flower farmers were selected from Bangladesh using the purposive random sampling technique. Propensity score matching technique was employed to identify the sales difference depending on WTP for insurance premiums while the profitability differences of flower farmers were assessed from different points of view. A binary logistic regression model was used to estimate the effect of sociodemographic and farm characteristics of flower farmers on their WTP more for insurance premiums, while a Likert scale was used to identify the major problems faced by flower farmers. Flower growers are willing to pay a higher premium for insurance when their sales decline. Farmers with lower profitability show a greater WTP higher insurance premiums, whereas those with relatively higher profitability are less inclined to do so. Farmers’ WTP more for insurance premiums decreases with age, education, and farm area, while farmers’ WTP more for insurance premiums increases with experience, training, earning members, marigold farming, and consciousness about natural calamities, pests, and diseases. The most significant problems faced in flower production are high input costs, demand fluctuation, pest and disease attacks, price fluctuation, and loss of production. Thus, the introduction of crop insurance in flower farming may increase profitability and reduce the exposure to risks involved in flower farming. The involvement of younger and more trained farmers in flower farming will increase their WTP more for insurance premiums.
Writing Mythology. Representations of the Hungarian Soviet-Republic in Pál Somogyi’s works
Authors: Zab Tamás Lóránd
Published: June 2024

The knowledge of history is a form of representation for societies, which is indispensable in maintaining collective identity.1 It is possible for the individual to tell “his own” story, thus forming the canonized past-narratives in order to express his own relations in a community. How these individual social representations appear, are ways of “world making”.2 The “nineteener” past was an important aspect of the self-representation of individuals in the Rákosi and more significantly in the Kádár era. This was a two-way mechanism in which the veterans shaped their own social representations by telling stories about their heroic past. By doing so, they inevitably shaped the representations of the Soviet-Republic in society. On this ground, it seems like a profitable historiographic venture to analyse how certain individuals took part in this two-way mechanism and how they shaped the representation of the past and their own selves. Pál Somogyi was one of the most prominent of these veterans in the city of Kaposvár after World War II. In this study we examine his representations of the 1919 Hungarian Commune.
Time Course of Neuromuscular Fatigue During Different Resistance Exercise Loadings in Power Athletes, Strength Athletes, and Nonathletes
Authors: Kotikangas Johanna , Walker Simon , Peltonen Heikki , Häkkinen Keijo
Published: June 2024

Kotikangas, J, Walker, S, Peltonen, H, and Häkkinen, K. Time course of neuromuscular fatigue during different resistance exercise loadings in power athletes, strength athletes, and nonathletes. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1231–1242, 2024—Training background may affect the progression of fatigue and neuromuscular strategies to compensate for fatigue during resistance exercises. Thus, our aim was to examine how training background affects the time course of neuromuscular fatigue in response to different resistance exercises. Power athletes (PA, n = 8), strength athletes (SA, n = 8), and nonathletes (NA, n = 7) performed hypertrophic loading (HL, 5 × 10 × 10RM), maximal strength loadings (MSL, 7 × 3 × 3RM) and power loadings (PL, 7 × 6 × 50% of 1 repetition maximum) in back squat. Average power (AP), average velocity (VEL), surface electromyography (sEMG) amplitude (sEMGRMS), and sEMG mean power frequency (sEMGMPF) were measured within all loading sets. During PL, greater decreases in AP occurred from the beginning of SET1 to SET7 and in VEL to both SET4 and SET7 in NA compared with SA (p < 0.01, g > 1.84). During HL, there were various significant group × repetition interactions in AP within and between sets (p < 0.05, ηp
2 > 0.307), but post hoc tests did not indicate significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05, g = 0.01–0.93). During MSL and HL, significant within-set and between-set decreases occurred in AP (p < 0.001, ηp
2 > 0.701) and VEL (p < 0.001, ηp
2 > 0.748) concurrently with increases in sEMGRMS (p < 0.01, ηp
2 > 0.323) and decreases in sEMGMPF (p < 0.01, ηp
2 > 0.242) in all groups. In conclusion, SA showed fatigue resistance by maintaining higher AP and VEL throughout PL. During HL, PA tended to have the greatest initial fatigue response in AP, but between-group comparisons were nonsignificant despite large effect sizes (g > 0.8). The differences in the progression of neuromuscular fatigue may be related to differing neural activation strategies between the groups, but further research confirmation is required.
Proposing a New Syndrome Through Establishing Content Validity: Emotional Deprivation Disorder
Authors: Baars Suzanne M.
Published: June 2024

Psychiatrists Anna Terruwe and Conrad Baars identified as part of their affirmation therapy what they termed emotional deprivation disorder (EDD), a grouping of symptoms that may develop in adulthood due to a deficit of affirming love in childhood. Clinicians need knowledge of the symptoms of EDD to identify persons presenting with these symptoms and improve treatment outcomes. This article provides an overview of a qualitative research study that established provisional content validity for EDD. A Delphi study was chosen as the method for this research because it is a structured process that helps to stimulate and refine group conclusions. Eleven therapists participated in this study, answering three rounds of open-ended questions. Data regarding criteria for EDD were coded, and three themes emerged. These three themes matched criteria established by Terruwe and Baars for EDD, supporting provisional content validity for this syndrome.
Introduction: Debating Implications of the Ethics Code of the Catholic Psychotherapy Association
Authors: Kugelmann Robert
Published: June 2024

In what we hope will become an occasional feature of Integratus, in this Forum we present the first debate or exchange of views on a topic of importance: the recently established Ethics Code of the Catholic Psychotherapy Association, a landmark in the history of the CPA. We hope that the following exchange contributes to the ongoing reflections of the members of the CPA on their ethics code.
ClarifyingCaritas:A Refinement of the Argument for aCaritasClause in the Ethics Code of the Catholic Psychotherapy Association
Authors: Zepeda Stephanie , Loredo Steven
Published: June 2024

This article is the third in a series. The first article, Zepeda and Loredo's “A Call for Indiscriminate Caritas: Proposed Nondiscrimination Clause in the Ethics Code of the Catholic Psychotherapy Association,” is critiqued in the second article, Sodergren's “In Defense of the CPA Ethics Code: A Response to Zepeda and Loredo.” This third article is a response-to-the-response. This sed contra format of writing helped clarify the arguments that the authors made in the original article. The current article examines how Catholic clinicians can be consistent in their approach to discernment of working with people whose values they do not share. It also critiques two failed methods to resolve this value-difference conundrum (minimizing therapist values and matching client-clinician values). The third proposed path opens a consistently Catholic approach-dialogue, union through universal necessity of grace, and caritas.
Implicit Attitudes Evoked by a Singular American Slur: Five Experiments on N***er and N***a in Samples of Black and White Americans
Authors: Hudson Sa-kiera Tiarra Jolynn , Kurdi Benedek , Lai Calvin K. , Johnson Julian , Banaji Mahzarin R.
Published: June 2024

Five studies examined implicit (IAT) attitudes toward the slurs n***er and n***a among Black and White Americans (total N = 3,226). Both groups showed strong implicit negativity toward n***er/a combined relative to socially acceptable contrast terms such as Black or African American. Controlling for baseline Black-White race attitudes, Black Americans who engaged in conscious reappropriation exhibited similar implicit negativity toward n***er/a as White Americans. When the rhotic and non-rhotic forms were directly contrasted, n***er was more implicitly negative than n***a, with Black Americans distinguishing the two more strongly than did White Americans. However, even Black American reappropriators showed implicit negativity toward n***a relative to Black. In sum, both n***er and n***a evoke automatic negative meaning in a broad sample of Americans today. At the same time, the relatively more positive meaning of n***a over n***er demonstrates the power of reappropriation to wrest control of word meaning.
Understanding Impression Updating Through Behavior Predictions
Authors: Olcaysoy Okten Irmak , Moskowitz Gordon B.
Published: June 2024

People largely preserve spontaneously drawn trait inferences from others' behaviors in their memory, even when contrary information is present. However, we suggest that updating could be manifested in future predictions about others. Experiment 1 replicated previous work, showing no updating in the memory of initially inferred traits upon learning trait-inconsistent new information. Experiments 2–4 tested whether people’s reliance on the initially implied traits in their future predictions changed as an indicator of updating. Participants aligned their predictions with the initially implied traits when the new information was neutral. However, after learning trait-inconsistent (vs. neutral) new information, they made weaker future predictions consistent with the initially implied traits and stronger predictions consistent with alternative (inconsistent) traits, revealing updating. The patterns were similar across continuous and categorical prediction measures (Experiment 3) and generalized to other valence-matching impressions (Experiment 4). The present work reveals nuances that extend our understanding of impression updating and suggests a utility in combining memory measures of impression formation with behavior predictions.
Drought monitoring in Croatia using the standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index
Authors: Lončar-Petrinjak Ivan , Pasarić Zoran , Cindrić Kalin Ksenija
Published: June 2024

Several periods of drought in the 21st century have severely affected large parts of Europe and caused considerable economic losses, particularly in the agricultural and energy sectors. While rainfall deficits are one of the main causes of droughts, high temperatures in the summer months exacerbate their development, which can have devastating consequences. This was the case in 2022, when long dry spells were accompanied by several heat waves. In this study, climatological drought monitoring using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) is analyzed with the primary goal of finding the best theoretical distribution for adjusting the water balance (defined as the difference between precipitation and potential evapotranspiration) in Croatia before the index is officially introduced into the operational drought monitoring. Although the SPEI is widely used for drought monitoring, the underlying theoretical distribution of the water balance may differ between regions. The study is based on monthly precipitation amounts and monthly mean values of daily minimum and maximum temperatures observed at 31 main meteorological stations for the period 1961–2022. The analysis is carried out for different time scales, ranging from 1 to 24 months. Among the five distributions considered, a generalized logistic distribution with three parameters (GLO) proves to be the most appropriate. There is general agreement between SPEI and SPI time series, both in terms of sign and intensity. However, in periods with a light to moderate lack of precipitation and high air temperatures, a tendency towards higher drought intensity prevails in the SPEI. A comparative analysis of the 2022 drought in Croatia confirmed the ability of the SPEI to detect a drought earlier than the SPI, which also suggests that a larger area of the country was affected by the drought due to consistent air temperature excesses.
15. Asır Mutasavvıflarından Şeyh Abdurrahîm Tirsî’nin Neşredilmemiş Manzumeleri
Authors: Kayaokay İlyas
Published: June 2024

15. asrın önemli mutasavvıf şairlerinden biri olan Abdurrahîm Tirsî (ö. 1520), küçük yaşta Eşrefoğlu Rûmî’ye intisap etmiş ve onun hem halifesi hem de damadı olmuştur. Abdurrahîm Tirsî’nin bilinen tek eseri divanı olup şeyhi Eşref-zâde ve Yunus Emre çizgisinde, çoğu hece ölçüsüyle manzumeler yazmıştır. Onun sârih bir Türkçeyle yazılmış ilahî ve kasideleri, uzun yıllar Kâdiri dergâhlarında bestelenip okunmuştur. Divanı üzerine iki çalışma yapılmış ve divanının beş nüshası tespit edilmiştir. Tenkidli neşirde toplam 166 manzumesinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu makalede, yeni bulduğumuz bir nüshadan hareketle şairin daha evvel yayımlanmamış bir divançe hacmindeki şiirleri gün yüzüne çıkarılmıştır. Şahsî kitaplığımızda yer alan mezkûr nüsha H. 999/ M. 1590-91 senesinde ölümünden 70 yıl sonra istinsah edilmiş olup bilinen en eski tarihli divan nüshasıdır. Nüshada kayıtlı 42 şiirden yalnızca 12 tanesinin yayımlanmış divan içerisinde olduğu 30 manzumenin yeni olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yine çeşitli şiir mecmualarının taranması suretiyle yapılan tespit ve değerlendirmelerle Abdurrahîm Tirsî’nin bilinen şiir sayısı 166’dan 200’e çıkarılmış, nâ-tamam manzumeler de tamamlanmıştır. Çalışmamızda yeni manzumelerin tanıtımı, incelemesi ve transkripsiyonlu aktarımı yapılarak şairinin divanına katkı sunulmuştur.
Critérios de seleção de experts na avaliação de tecnologias educacionais na Enfermagem: revisão integrativa
Authors: Melo Emanuella Silva Joventino , Silva Maria Jocelane Nascimento da , Silva Aline Pereira do Nascimento , Braga Hévila Ferreira Gomes Medeiros , Oliveira Brena Shellem Bessa de , Monteiro Flávia Paula Magalhães , Barbosa Lorena Pinheiro
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: analisar os critérios para seleção de experts nos estudos de avaliação da validade de tecnologias educativas na enfermagem. Métodos: revisão integrativa realizada em cinco bases de dados. Foram incluídas publicações na íntegra, dos últimos cinco anos, em português, inglês e espanhol. A análise foi realizada por dois pesquisadores independentes, com auxílio de um terceiro revisor. Resultados: foram incluídos 29 estudos. A maioria optou por adotar critérios elaborados pelos próprios autores (n=18; 62,1%); seguido por utilizar outros referenciais metodológicos (n=7; 24,1%); e por Fehring original ou com adaptações (n=4; 13,8%). Os critérios analisados se referiam aos domínios de formação acadêmica, atuação/experiência profissional e produções. Conclusão: verificou-se que a maioria dos estudos não citou um referencial para determinar os critérios de seleção dos experts e nem estabeleceu pontuação mínima para a seleção dos experts. Contribuições para a prática: evidenciou-se a necessidade de uma padronização para a seleção de experts e a elaboração de critérios novos, abrangentes e atualizados como o proposto é fundamental para orientar os pesquisadores e profissionais de saúde na seleção de experts para a avaliação de tecnologias educativas na área da enfermagem.
Aerodynamic Effects of High-Speed Train Positions During Tunnel Exit Under Crosswind Conditions Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Rajendran S , Ishak Izuan Amin , Arafat M , Mohammad Ahmad Faiz , Salleh Zuliazura Mohd , Samiran Nor Afzanizam , Ja'at M N M , Sulaiman Syabillah
Published: June 2024

Strong crosswinds can cause catastrophic accidents like overturning and derailment in extreme circumstances, therefore the train's capacity to tolerate their impacts is crucial. Despite the significance of this issue, there exists a notable research gap in understanding the specific effects of various positions of a high-speed train within a tunnel on its aerodynamic loads and flow structure under different crosswind conditions. To address this gap, numerical simulations were performed using computational fluid dynamics. The crosswind angles (Ψ) were 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° and the number of coaches exiting the tunnel was one to three coaches, respectively. The incompressible flow around the train was simulated using the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations in conjunction with the k-epsilon (k-ε) turbulence model. The Reynolds number employed in the simulation was 1.3 x 106, calculated based on the height of the train and the freestream velocity. With regard to aerodynamic performance due to the crosswind, force coefficients such as drag, side, and lift and moment coefficients of rolling, pitching, and yawing were measured. The higher crosswind angles including ψ = 45° and ψ = 60° cases produced the worse results of aerodynamic load coefficients compared to the lower crosswind angles of ψ = 15° and ψ = 30°. For instance, the highest side force coefficient (Cs) was recorded at a crosswind angle of ψ = 45°, with a value of 23.6. Meanwhile, the flow structure revealed that the leading coach of the train experienced intricate flow patterns during crosswinds, characterized by vortices and flow separation. These findings indicate that aerodynamic instabilities can potentially affect the overall performance of the train. Additionally, this increases the risk of derailment or overturning to be high, particularly when the majority of coaches are exiting the tunnel under strong crosswind conditions.
Migración, competencia digital y retos educativos
Authors: González Blanco María , Olveira Olveira María Esther , Longueira Matos Silvana
Published: June 2024

La migración y la educación son dos fenómenos interconectados en la sociedad actual en cualquier región del mundo. Ambos están contemplados como ejes prioritarios en la Agenda 2030, aprobada por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) en el año 2015. En este plan de acción se especifican 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) entre los que se encuentra la educación de calidad (ODS 4).
Este trabajo aborda las migraciones en el contexto actual desde el prisma de la Agenda 2030, con el fin de aproximarse al conocimiento de la realidad de estas corrientes poblacionales y a los retos que enfrenta la educación en un contexto cambiante, acelerado y dominado por la desinformación, caldo de cultivo de discursos de odio contra las personas migrantes.
La desinformación genera un universo de realidades y conceptos paralelos que puede utilizarse para perpetuar narrativas sobre las migraciones. La sobreabundancia de información vincula la desinformación con la descontextualización y los intereses sectarios de diversos agentes. La desinformación es un fenómeno multidimensional que trasciende los bulos y las noticias falsas a través de Internet. El discurso de odio contra públicos vulnerables es reconocido como un grave problema para la integración y el respeto a la diversidad. El aumento de este tipo de narrativas se ha visto reforzado con la expansión de las redes sociales, donde se ha demostrado que actúan como mecanismo de propagación de delitos contra colectivos migrantes y personas en situación de refugio, dos de los principales grupos afectados.
El papel de la educación en este marco, desde un enfoque de sostenibilidad y de ciudadanía global, no sólo es una herramienta que facilite la competencia digital y mediática, sino un medio para hacer efectivos los derechos fundamentales, la equidad, la igualdad y el propio derecho a la educación, facilitando la construcción de una ciudadanía crítica y comprometida.
CibeRespect: educar para construir narrativas alternativas
Authors: Monje Natalia , Sanabria Fernandes Stefany
Published: June 2024

CibeRespect es un proyecto centrado en la capacitación y la lucha contra el discurso del odio xenófobo en la Red. El aumento del discurso del odio contra las personas extranjeras es una realidad que ha ido en aumento y se intensifica en situaciones de crisis. El anonimato y la capacidad multiplicadora de Internet generan oportunidades para la proliferación de la xenofobia y para que su discurso cale entre la población neutral. El seguimiento de los procesos evidencia una clara correlación entre la normalización de este clima de intolerancia y el aumento constante de delitos de odio contra las personas extranjeras. Se centra en combatir el impacto que el discurso del odio en la Red puede ejercer sobre la opinión pública a través de un modelo de intervención que articula el espacio físico y el virtual. Para esto, proyecta la acción local y las relaciones de cercanía hacia el entorno global digital, inspirando y potenciando el ciberactivismo. Algunas de las acciones desarrolladas en el marco del proyecto son el seguimiento y el análisis de discurso del odio xenófobo en Internet, la formación de mesas de trabajo, la elaboración de materiales, cursos de formación, red de ciberactivistas e intervención en RRSS.