bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geology, mineralogy, geochemistry, and fluid characteristics of barite deposits in southern Nuevo Leon (NE Mexico): Implications to the evolution of the mineralization
Authors: Cruz‐Gámez Esther M. , Velasco Tapia Fernando , Rodríguez Díaz Augusto A. , Saavedra Pedro Rodríguez , Cáceres Govea Dámaso , Lastra Rivero José F. , Pichardo Barrón Yolanda , Ramírez Fernández Juan A. , Castañeda Narvaez Erik , Iriondo Alexander , Rábago Tavares Roberto O. , Rodríguez Santos Agustín
Published: January 2025

Barite ore deposits are common in the southern region of the state of Nuevo León (Sierra Madre Oriental, NE Mexico), which has proven to have an important economic potential. This contribution provides new insights into the ore‐forming conditions and geological controls that produced the barite deposits in Nuevo León. It is based on petrography, geochemical analyses (major and trace‐elements, 87Sr/86Sr, δ34S, δ18O‐ isotopic data and Sr. concentration) of the barite and fluid inclusions microthermometry. The mineralization (veins, beds, and breccias) is associated with calcite, dolomite, quartz, pyrite, and chalcopyrite. In the barite deposits, the isotopic values of barite 87Sr/86Sr vary from 0.70710 to 0.71350, the δ34S values are 13.8‰–25.5‰ and δ18O ranges from 14.1‰ to 18.7‰. Microthermometric measurements on barite, quartz, and carbonate hosted, two‐phase (liquid–vapor) liquid‐rich fluid inclusions indicate that the mineralization may have taken place between 100 and 269°C, and salinities between 3 and 4 wt.% and 9–10 wt.% NaCl equivalent, that suggest a relationship with comparable fluids of seawater and other basinal type. The latter fluid may have been generated (with values variability in 87Sr/86Sr ratios, Sr. and δ34S, as well as Th and salinity) during the tectonic evolution of the Sierra Madre Oriental. We interpret the deposits as Mississippi‐Valley Type by a sequence of the following events. The Event A‐thin‐skinned deformation with Type I fluids: (i) deposit hosted in lithological units stratigraphically close to the Jurassic evaporites. It is characterized by relatively low values of 87Sr/86Sr ratios, δ34S, Sr. and salinity; and (ii) barites hosted in carbonate units with high salinity and δ34S, and values of 87Sr/86Sr ratios and Sr. variable. The Event B‐thick‐skinned deformation: the barite deposits occurred in the red beds unit linked to a fluid Type II, characterized by relatively high values of 87Sr/86Sr ratios, Sr., and low δ34S, and a combined high and low salinity. The new results offer a better understanding of the origin and evolution of barite deposits, allow for the development of increasingly successful exploration plans.
Equivalence to the Classical Heat Equation Through Reciprocal Transformations
Authors: Meleshko S. V. , Siriwat P. , Svirshchevskii S. R.
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the equivalence of parabolic partial differential equations to the classical one‐dimensional heat equation using reciprocal transformations. The equations are assumed to be autonomous, and the methodology applied is similar to S. Lie's approach to solving the linearization problem of second‐order ordinary differential equations. The research is structured in two main parts. In the first part, necessary constraints on the class of parabolic partial differential equations with two independent variables, which are equivalent to the classical heat equation under a reciprocal transformation, are identified. In the second part, the remaining conditions are examined, and sufficient conditions are derived. The corresponding differential equations are then obtained. All possible cases that arise are thoroughly analyzed, and the theory is illustrated with several examples.
Characterisation of the Novel HLA‐DQB1*06:469 Allele by Next‐Generation Sequencing
Authors: Muniyappa Nagesh , Pitale Jayee , Sharma Ridhi , Phalke Sameer , Pandey Rajeev Kumar
Published: January 2025

The novel HLA‐DQB1*06:469 allele differs from HLA‐DQB1*06:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 187 in exon 3.
Reduplication in Nigerian English
Authors: Odiegwu Nancy Chiagolum , Faraclas Nicholas
Published: January 2025

Reduplication is attested in Nigerian English even though it does not constitute a productive part of the grammar of Inner Circle Englishes. The goal of the present paper is to examine the functions of reduplication in Nigerian English through qualitative analysis. Reduplication is widespread in the ancestral languages spoken in Nigeria. Nevertheless, we postulate that the presence and maintenance of reduplication in Nigerian English are correlated to its presence in Nigerian Pidgin. This can be attributed to linguistic practices such as code‐switching and structural borrowing, motivated by linguistic factors such as the mutual intelligibility between both languages, as well as social factors like language ideology and the intensity of contact between both languages. Such structural transfer highlights the influence of Nigerian Pidgin on Nigerian English, and indeed, of English lexified pidgins and creoles on world Englishes.
Gas Path Fault Diagnosis Method Under Small Samples With Interclass Imbalance
Authors: Wang Kun , He Ai , Liu Yuan , Xiao Tingyu , Chen Zhixiong , Hu Zhongzhi
Published: January 2025

Current data-driven methods for diagnosing gas path faults in aero-engines often rely on large, costly fault sample sets and face challenges related to class imbalances. These include disparities in the quantity of normal and fault data, differences among fault types, and variations in fault severity levels. This paper proposes a novel generative model, TL-GMVAE, which integrates Gaussian mixture models (GMM) with variational auto-encoders (VAE) and incorporates a transfer learning (TL) strategy. Using a large dataset of normal operational data, the VAE learns latent feature mappings of engine behavior and establishes a joint probability distribution across sensor measurements. To account for complexity in engine operating conditions, the GMM is used as the sampling distribution of the VAE. This enhances the model’s ability to represent diverse operating scenarios. The pretrained model is then fine-tuned with a small dataset of gas path fault data, transferring knowledge to fault domains. Each fault-specific TL-GMVAE model serves as an independent generator for synthetic fault samples. The proposed approach is validated using several established classifiers. The impact of different Fault-Normal ratios and imbalances across fault categories on classification accuracy is analyzed. Additionally, the robustness of the method to individual engine variability is evaluated. Results demonstrate that the TL-GMVAE generates high-quality fault samples and significantly improves fault diagnosis accuracy. These findings highlight its potential application in aero-engine health monitoring and fault diagnosis systems.
Tactical Behaviors in Men’s and Women’s Middle-Distance Global Championship Track Finals
Authors: Comino Pablo , Foster Carl , Renfree Andrew , Casado Arturo
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To analyze tactical behaviors associated with performance in track middle-distance global championship finals. Methods: Finalists’ season-best finishing race time, 100-m section times, and intermediate positions were obtained from 800- and 1500-m men’s and women’s finals in 2 Olympic Games and 5 World Championships. Differences between medalists, fourth- to eighth-ranked (T8), and ninth- to 12th/13th-ranked finalists in relative performance (relative to season-best), race time, and section times were determined. Pearson correlations between intermediate position and section speed with final position and probability of winning a medal at each race point were calculated. Results: A very high correlation was found between intermediate and final position at the first 100 m in the women’s 800-m (r = .84; P = .008), which was maintained throughout the race. Medalists were relatively faster than T8 in men’s and women’s 800-m finals (P = .006; d = 0.87, and P = .039; d = 0.59, respectively). Differences in relative performance between groups in 1500-m finals appeared at the end of the race, although they arose earlier in women’s races. The probability of winning a medal decreased with lower intermediate positions, especially in the latest race stages. Conclusions: A high intermediate position, as well as the ability to run fast in the latest race stages, seems critical to medaling in track middle-distance global championship finals. The abilities to adopt leading positions for the whole 800-m event and to generate an end spurt relatively faster than the rest of competitors in the 1500-m event are critical.
Muscle pseudohypertrophy as the presenting manifestation of autoimmune hypothyroidism: Hoffmann’s syndrome
Authors: Chandra Atanu , Bhattacharjee Moni Sankar , Biswas Purbasha , Karmakar Parthasarathi
Published: January 2025

Hoffmann syndrome, a rare manifestation of hypothyroid myopathy in adults, is characterised by muscle weakness, stiffness and pseudohypertrophy. Here, we report the case of a middle-aged man who presented with progressive weakness in proximal muscles (in the form of difficulty in climbing stairs, rising from a seated position, combing hair and lifting objects) and leg swelling for 6 months. Physical examination revealed pseudohypertrophy of calf muscles with pronounced symmetric weakness in proximal upper and lower limbs. His levels of thyroid stimulating hormone and creatine kinase were significantly elevated. Electromyography was indicative of a myopathic disorder. MRI revealed symmetrical hyperintensity of bilateral gastrocnemius–soleus muscles. Following the initiation of thyroxine therapy, there was a marked improvement in signs and symptoms. Hypothyroidism should be considered as a potential cause in the differential diagnosis of individuals presenting with muscle weakness and hypertrophy.
Incidentally discovered inflammatory pseudotumour of the spleen: understanding clinical manifestations and diagnosis
Authors: Quinn Dylan , Morocho Bryant , Bertsch David
Published: January 2025

A splenic inflammatory pseudotumour (IPT) is a rare condition in which inflammatory cells and non-cancerous specialised cells known as myofibroblasts abnormally replicate in the spleen. Patients with IPT may experience symptoms like abdominal pain, fever and weight loss, making it difficult to distinguish from processes like cancer. As a result, diagnosing IPT often requires imaging studies and microscopic examination.

Here, we present a case of a woman in her 60s with a history significant for acute myeloid leukaemia now in remission who presented with abdominal pain and constitutional symptoms. Imaging revealed a new 3 cm mass in her spleen. A biopsy of the mass followed by removal confirmed the identity of the mass as an IPT. Following the operation, the patient recovered without complications. This case underscores the importance of considering IPT when diagnosing splenic masses as well as considering surgical removal to achieve a definitive diagnosis.
Central congenital hypothyroidism due to TSHB gene mutation: 25-year follow-up
Authors: Asirvatham Adlyne Reena , Deva Reddy Vaishnavi Reddy , Jagadeesh Sujatha , Mahadevan Shriraam
Published: January 2025

TSHB gene mutation results in isolated central congenital hypothyroidism (iCCH). Often diagnosed late, mild neurocognitive impairment is common despite thyroxine initiation. We discuss a female term neonatal presenting with prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. The diagnosis of hypothyroidism was based on strong clinical suspicion, although her thyroid function tests were not felt to fit with the usual appearance of primary thyroid disease. Levothyroxine was started on day 11 of life. On follow-up, the history of low T4 and undetectable TSH at diagnosis plus subsequent normal anterior pituitary hormones and normal pituitary on MRI raised suspicion of iCCH. Genetic analysis revealed deletion involving coding sequence position c.108–109 in exon 2 of TSHB gene. Despite having severe congenital hypothyroidism, timely initiation of levothyroxine averted neurocognitive sequelae. She is on follow-up for 25 years. Early diagnosis and prompt thyroxine initiation are rewarding regardless of the severity of mutation.
Unusual Coats-like response in occlusive retinal periphlebitis
Authors: Temkar Shreyas , Deb Amit Kumar , Ramachandar Hemanth , Kamki Igam
Published: January 2025

Coats-like response refers to a condition where abnormal telangiectatic retinal vessels and aneurysms associated with subretinal exudation are seen in the setting of other ocular or systemic diseases. So far, it has been described with various ocular disorders like retinitis pigmentosa, chronic ischemic branch retinal vein obstruction and pars planitis. A man in his 30s presented with a 1-month history of diminution of vision in the left eye. On examination, the left eye fundus showed extensive subretinal exudation along with evidence of old and recent periphlebitis. Fluorescein angiography revealed multiple telangiectatic vessels and peripheral aneurysms along with perivenular leak. Optical coherence tomography of the macula demonstrated cystoid oedema with subretinal fluid. The case was diagnosed as Coats-like response with occlusive periphlebitis and was successfully managed with oral steroids alone.
Improving quality of life in palliative care: palatal lift prosthesis in a patient with periodontal disease
Authors: Sundaresan Pritam Daniel , Williams Michael
Published: January 2025

A man in his late 50s was referred by a speech and language therapist for consideration of a palatal lift prosthesis (PLP) to improve his speech intelligibility. He presented with hypokinetic dysarthria characterised by reduced loudness, breathy voice and hypernasality. The patient had a diagnosis of progressive muscular dystrophy and mobilised in a motorised wheelchair. He was dependent for dressing and bathing, but independent for grooming. He had no cognitive impairment and provided his own consent. He was partially dentate and presented with generalised periodontal loss. This case report details the provision of a PLP in an individual with a terminal diagnosis to improve speech quality despite a poor periodontal state and worsening physical disability.
Multi-band photometric study of the short period eclipsing binary ATO J007.0177+43.4841: physical properties and evolutionary status
Authors: Darwish Mohamed S. , Abdelkawy Ali G. A. , Shokry Ahmed
Published: January 2025

We present a detailed photometric analysis of the newly identified binary system,

$$ATO J007.0177+43.4841$$

A
T
O
J
007.0177
+
43.4841

, based on observations from the Kottamia Astronomical Observatory and the Zwicky Transient Facility. The system is classified as an A-type W UMa binary with a low mass ratio of

$$q = 0.182 \pm 0.001$$

q
=
0.182
±
0.001

. A temperature difference of approximately 450 K between the components is observed, along with evidence of magnetic activity (manifested as the O’Connell effect) in the secondary star. This activity is attributed to a cool spot with a radius of 16 degrees and a temperature 30% lower than the surrounding region. The system’s geometry, characterized by an almost zero fill-out ratio, suggests that it is in a transient phase between detached and contact configurations, commonly referred to as shallow contact. This interpretation is further supported by an analysis of the system’s dynamical evolution and its thermal stability parameter,

$$\mathcal {S} = -0.02$$

S
=
-
0.02

, indicating marginal stability. Additionally, the evolutionary status of the system is examined in the context of its position along the zero-age main sequence and terminal-age main sequence. The analysis suggests that the system’s evolution is primarily driven by angular momentum loss due to magnetic stellar wind and tidal coupling mechanisms.
Investigation of explosives traces in pre-blast contamination scenarios using optimised wet swab sampling
Authors: Becher Christopher W. , Milne Sarah , Kaul Peter M.
Published: January 2025

Explosives trace residues on surfaces are utilized for forensic investigations and to check suspicious objects using technical and non-technical detection procedures. Data about expected trace contaminations after the handling of explosives and how they relate to a potential chemical background help to determine requirements and limitations of detection procedures. Often swab sampling is used for the analysis of surface contaminations. A wet swab sampling procedure was optimized for PETN, TNT and ammonium nitrate. Good results were achieved using PU-foam swabs wetted with a mixture of acetonitrile/water (90/10). The swabs were subsequently solvent extracted and analysed using LC-triple-quad-MS and ion-chromatography. The swabs were applied for the determination of explosives residues in a mock-up car scenario simulating one person loading the car with explosives followed by a short car travel by the same person. As test substances an ANFO, TNT and plasticized PETN were used. Additional samples were taken from indoor installations regularly used for the training of explosive detection dogs as well as other objects and buildings close by. The surface contaminations found in the investigated scenario ranged from the ng to the µg scale. The results indicate that simple cleaning procedures might not sufficient to remove explosives contaminations in training settings for explosives detection dogs. A significant spreading of explosive traces beyond direct contact with the person handling the explosive or with the explosive itself was not observed.
Graph-Enhanced Prompt Learning for Cross-Domain Contract Element Extraction
Authors: Wang Zihan , Wang Hanbing , Ren Pengjie , Chen Zhumin , de Rijke Maarten , Ren Zhaochun
Published: January 2025

Cross-domain contract element extraction (CEE) aims to transfer knowledge from a source domain to facilitate the extraction of legally relevant elements (e.g., contract dates or payments) from contracts in a target domain. To achieve this goal, recent studies encode the domain-invariant relations between elements and legal clause types, and enhance performance through bidirectional supervision between the CEE task and the clause classification task. However, two challenges remain unresolved: (i) data sparsity due to expensive annotation costs and a large number of element types, and (ii) label discrepancies among element types across domains, both of which severely impede effective knowledge transfer from the source to the target domain.

Recent developments in prompt learning have shown promising performance in low-resource settings. Drawing inspiration from these advances, we propose a novel framework,
graph-enhanced prompt learning
(GEPL), for the cross-domain CEE task to address these challenges. GEPL includes two kinds of prompt: (i) instance-oriented prompts, and (ii) label-oriented prompts. Given the input instances, instance-oriented prompts are automatically generated by retrieving relevant examples in the training data, providing auxiliary supervision to enhance the transfer process in low-resource scenarios. To mitigate label discrepancies across different domains, we identify relations among element types using mutual-information criteria and transform these into label-oriented prompt templates. On this basis, a multi-task training strategy is designed to simultaneously optimize the representations of the original input sentence and prompts, enabling GEPL to better understand the tasks and capture label relations in both source and target domains. Empirical results on cross-domain CEE datasets indicate that GEPL significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines. Moreover, extensive experiments reveal that GEPL achieves state-of-theart performance on cross-domain named entity recognition datasets and demonstrates a high level of generalizability. Our code is released at
https://github.com/WZH-NLP/GEPL
.
Abstract A006: Using ChatGPT to solve clinical radiobiology problems
Authors: Kao Yung-Shuo , Su Che-Wei , Dai Kun-Yao
Published: January 2025

ChatGPT is a powerful large language model and has been applied to many fields in medicine. Radiobiology is the key in the determining of radiation dose in radiation oncology. We would like to test the efficacy of using ChatGPT in clinical radiobiology. A set of 30 clinical radiobiology questions were used in this study. OpenAI API was used to query GPT-4O and generate corresponding answers (Access Date: 2024/6/26). Five different prompts (involving role-playing, role-playing with in-context learning, chain of thought, chain of thought with in-context training, and in-context training) and no prompt were used to test the ability of the model. Questions were further divided into two subgroups, 15 questions without alpha-beta ratio and 15 questions with alpha-beta ratio(s). Answers were graded using the below grading system: Grade 1: totally incorrect; Grade 2: partially correct (either answer or calculation process is correct); Grade 3: totally correct (both answer and calculation process are correct). The chi-square test was used to compare results between different situations. R studio and R language were used in the statistical analysis; p <0.05 is set as statistically significant. The detailed results for each prompt are shown below: No prompt(grade 1: 9, grade 2: 3, grade 3: 18), role-playing (grade 1: 7, grade 2: 6, grade 3: 17), role-playing with in-context learning(grade 1: 10, grade 2: 7, grade 3: 13), chain of thought(grade 1: 10, grade 2: 5, grade 3: 15), chain of thought with in-context learning(grade 1: 11, grade 2: 2, grade 3: 17), and in-context learning(grade 1: 10, grade 2: 4, grade 3: 16). For grade 1 versus grade 2-3, Chi-square test showed p-value = 0.6708, and for grade 1-2 versus grade 3, chi-square test showed p-value = 0.829. That meant that the performances were similar regardless of the prompt. The detailed results for two question types are shown below: questions without alpha-beta ratio (grade 1: 53, grade 2: 10, grade 3: 27), questions with alpha-beta ratio(s) (grade 1: 4, grade 2: 17, grade 3: 69). For grade 1 versus grade 2-3, Chi-square test showed p-value <0.01, and for grade 1-2 versus grade 3, chi-square test showed p-value <0.01. That meant that the performances were different between question with and without alpha-beta ratio(s). In conclusion, without prompting, ChatGPT can correct about 60% of questions. Using different prompts cannot enhance performance. ChatGPT can perform well in questions with alpha-beta ratio(s).

Citation Format: Yung-Shuo Kao, Che-Wei Su, Kun-Yao Dai. Using ChatGPT to solve clinical radiobiology problems. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Translating Targeted Therapies in Combination with Radiotherapy; 2025 Jan 26-29; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(2_Suppl):Abstract nr A006.
Abstract A011: Activity of antibody-drug conjugates with radiation in preclinical bladder cancer models
Authors: Zhou Yuzhen , Shanmugam Surish , D'Andrea Vincent , Stelter Isabella , Stormoen Dag , Chroneos Rea , Hanlon Timothy , Epstein Ilana , Bekele Raie , Anderson William , Szallasi Zoltan , Bellmunt Joaquim , Mouw Kent
Published: January 2025

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are transforming the treatment landscape in metastatic bladder cancer, but the role of ADCs in localized disease is uncertain. Radiation is a central component of trimodality therapy (TMT), a curative-intent treatment approach for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) that includes concurrent radiation and cytotoxic chemotherapy. We investigated the safety and efficacy of combining novel ADCs with radiation in preclinical bladder cancer models. We observed additive cytotoxicity in vitro, and the combination of ADCs with conformal fractionated radiation was well-tolerated and resulted in improved tumor control compared to either agent alone in vivo. We also assessed the impact of DNA repair pathway alterations commonly observed in bladder tumors on sensitivity to ADCs alone and in combination with radiation and DNA repair targeted agents. Homologous recombination (HR) deficiency modestly sensitized bladder cancer cells to MMAE, the payload of the ADC enfortumab vedotin (EV), and potently sensitized cells to govitecan, the payload of the ADC sacitumuzab govitecan (SG). Conversely, nucleotide excision repair (NER) deficiency did not sensitize cells to either MMAE or govitecan. The combination of govitecan and PARP inhibition resulted in synergistic cell killing independent of HR or NER status. Together these data provide preclincal support for clinical efforts to combine ADCs with radiation in MIBC and identify rationale combination therapy approaches.

Citation Format: Yuzhen Zhou, Surish Shanmugam, Vincent D'Andrea, Isabella Stelter, Dag Stormoen, Rea Chroneos, Timothy Hanlon, Ilana Epstein, Raie Bekele, William Anderson, Zoltan Szallasi, Joaquim Bellmunt, Kent Mouw. Activity of antibody-drug conjugates with radiation in preclinical bladder cancer models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Translating Targeted Therapies in Combination with Radiotherapy; 2025 Jan 26-29; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(2_Suppl):Abstract nr A011.
Abstract B012: Interferon- γ is required for immunotherapy induced radiosensitivity in solid tumors
Authors: Wu Annette , Kang Minjeong , Lee Daeyong , Wang Yifan , Huntoon Kristin M. , Kim Betty Y.S. , Jiang Wen
Published: January 2025

Radiation therapy (RT) is the standard of care for many cancer types, however, some solid tumors fail to respond due to factors such as a hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME). To overcome radioresistance in these solid tumors, clinical trials combining RT with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) are ongoing, but hindered by a limited understanding of the mechanisms by which immunotherapies enhance RT response. In this study, we use EO771 breast and CT26 colorectal tumor models to investigate how anti PD-1 therapy improves radiosensitivity to varying RT regimens including single or multiple RT doses administered concurrently or sequentially. We show that concurrent administration of ICB and RT normalizes tumor vasculature, alleviates hypoxia, and increases vessel perfusion to improve immune cell infiltration in solid tumors. Furthermore, we reveal that this TME modulation was linked to stimulation of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) signaling in endothelial cells by activated CD8+ T cell responses, which results in systemic tumor control and establishes long term immunological memory in the neoadjuvant setting. Collectively, these results indicate that immunotherapy sensitizes solid tumors to RT by modulating the tumor microenvironment in an IFN-γ dependent manner, resulting in successful anti-tumor immunity. This research provides a rationale for the concurrent administration of anti PD-1 therapy and radiation therapy to treat radioresistant solid tumors.

Citation Format: Annette Wu, Minjeong Kang, Daeyong Lee, Yifan Wang, Kristin M. Huntoon, Betty Y.S. Kim, Wen Jiang. Interferon- γ is required for immunotherapy induced radiosensitivity in solid tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Translating Targeted Therapies in Combination with Radiotherapy; 2025 Jan 26-29; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(2_Suppl):Abstract nr B012.
Abstract IA01: Moving forward translation of targeted therapy with external beam radiation
Authors: Baumann Michael
Published: January 2025

Radiotherapy is an anatomically highly targeted treatment modality capable of eradicating cancer cells, including cancer stem cells (CSC). This precision makes radiotherapy an ideal partner for synergistic treatment with targeted drugs, combining local effects on the tumor with systemic molecular interventions. To evaluate the efficacy of such combined treatments on inactivation of CSC in translational research, it is essential to select the appropriate clinical endpoints for preclinical experiments, most importantly inactivation of CSC in vitro or local tumor control in vivo. This ensures that preclinical findings are better translatable to the clinical setting, bridging the gap between experimental models and patient outcomes. A critical factor in this translational pipeline is the use of appropriate in vitro and animal or explant models that as accurate as possible mimic the clinical tumor microenvironment and response dynamics. To account for inter-tumor heterogeneity, it is necessary to apply a panel of models that are well characterized on a molecular biological level. With the right preclinical systems in place, combination strategies can be refined to optimize timing, dosing and sequencing of therapies to maximize tumor control while minimizing damage to normal tissues. Biomarker-driven approaches and molecular pathway analysis are increasingly guiding patient selection and therapeutic personalization, thereby improving the likelihood of clinical success. Examples include biomarker-based studies such as the DELPHI trial for dose de-escalation in post-op HPV-positive head and neck cancer (HNSCC) and the INDIRA Miso study on escalation of PET hypoxic HNSCC. Promising examples of novel combinations with radiotherapy include not only small molecule or Immunotherapeutics, but also the use of radiotherapy integration with novel theranostic radiopharmaceuticals, genomic and radiomic data for adaptive treatment planning. By aligning preclinical and clinical strategies, these efforts are advancing the integration of targeted therapies with radiotherapy and improve loco-regional control, overall survival and quality of life for patients.

Citation Format: Michael Baumann. Moving forward translation of targeted therapy with external beam radiation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Translating Targeted Therapies in Combination with Radiotherapy; 2025 Jan 26-29; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(2_Suppl):Abstract nr IA01
Abstract IA06: Targeting ferroptosis in radioresistance
Authors: Gan Boyi
Published: January 2025

Ferroptosis is a distinct form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, which disrupts cellular homeostasis and viability. Recent studies, including our own, have demonstrated that radiotherapy (RT) is a potent inducer of ferroptosis. These findings have uncovered a critical link between ferroptosis and RT-mediated tumor suppression. Moreover, we and others have identified ferroptosis inducers (FINs) as promising radiosensitizers that enhance the efficacy of RT, particularly in tumors exhibiting intrinsic or acquired radioresistance. In this presentation, I will provide an overview of the fundamental biology of ferroptosis, emphasizing its unique characteristics and mechanisms. I will highlight our discoveries on the role of ferroptosis in RT-mediated cell death and tumor control. Additionally, I will delve into the mechanisms underlying ferroptosis-driven radiosensitization and present evidence supporting the use of FINs as a novel strategy to overcome radioresistance. Finally, I will discuss the potential clinical implications of combining FINs with RT, offering insights into how these advancements might improve outcomes for patients with challenging radioresistant tumors.

Citation Format: Boyi Gan. Targeting ferroptosis in radioresistance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Translating Targeted Therapies in Combination with Radiotherapy; 2025 Jan 26-29; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(2_Suppl):Abstract nr IA06
(Dis) Respect in the M(ai)cro Context:
Positioning Respect as a Developmental Need of Adolescence
Authors: Harris Johari , Deutsch Nancy L. , Cory Molly , Rogers Onnie
Published: January 2025

The concept of respect has been largely overlooked in developmental science. Yet respect, or lack there-of, is often central to key psycho-social outcomes during adolescence (e.g., interpersonal relationships, behavioral choices). The research that has examined respect often focuses on micro-level interactions, ignoring the ways macro-level forces (e.g. racism, sexism) complicate notions of (dis)respect. Given the gaps, this theoretical paper utilizes m(ai)cro developmental theory to consider the ways macro- level master narratives shape respect for marginalized and privileged adolescents. In addition, this paper presents a new process and conceptualization of the development of respect within the m(ai)cro. Lastly, we present humanizing versions of the development of respect.
Cefuroxime Induced Toxic-Maculopathy after Intracameral Injection of Standard Dose: A Case Report
Authors: Pantelidou Maria E. , Bebis Stylianos , Pantelidis Elias P. , Rotsos Tryfon
Published: January 2025

Background: Cefuroxime-induced toxic maculopathy can occur when an incorrect or correct dilution is injected intracamerally during cataract surgery.
Case Report: An 83-year-old male developed toxic maculopathy on the first postoperative day after uneventful cataract surgery. An investigation of the case confirmed that the patient developed sporadic toxic maculopathy after a standard intracameral cefuroxime dose. The patient showed complete recovery of vision during the first postoperative week.
Conclusion: Cefuroxime-induced toxic maculopathy may occur sporadically and have a good visual outcome. It may be distinguished from toxic maculopathy induced by incorrect dilution based on its different clinical appearance and, in some cases, the guarded outcome. Correct dilution of cefuroxime is of utmost importance.
Efficiency improvement of 50 Hz wireless photovoltaic power transfer using magnetic relay
Authors: Irwanto Muhammad , Baharudin Nor Hanisah , Nugraha Yoga Tri , Nisja Indra
Published: January 2025

A photovoltaic direct current (DC) power can be changed into AC power using an inverter. The inverter must be connected to an alternating current (AC) load using wire, which has drawbacks in terms of air space, wire cost, and an unattractive view of the sky. It is appropriate to suggest a wireless power transfer (WPT) system concept to replace the use of wires in the transfer of electrical power. The WPT system has been conducted by the previous researchers, but it is still in the frequency system of hundred, kilo, mega or gigahertz, thus it can only be applied on DC load after rectifying it, but cannot be applied for a normal AC load, also its distance is relative near. The modelling of wireless photovoltaic power transfer (WPVPT) with a 50 Hz system frequency is presented in this work. The four modelling components that create the WPVPT system are models of the PV module, the transmitter circuit, the magnetic relay, and the receiver circuit. The findings indicate that the efficiency of the proposed WPVPT system is 71.27% without a magnetic relay and 72.82% with a magnetic relay. It suggests that the use of magnetic relay can improve the WPVPT system's efficiency.
Design of a novel three phase hybrid converter for microgrids application using renewable energy sources
Authors: Devulal Bhukya , Siva Manickam , Kumar Dasari Ravi
Published: January 2025

A multi-level inverter (MLI) plays a vital role in recent days with an increasing trend of usage of microgrid and distributed generator. MLIs are popular in high voltage and high-power applications. MLIs operates with dominant switching frequency pulse width-modulation (PWM) techniques. These MLIs not only generate the output voltage with fewer Harmonic but also reduces the dV/dt stress on switches. The induction machine connected to these MLIs, adds greater advantages in real time applications. This paper presents a novel 13 and 21-level hybrid H-bridge inverter (HHBI) connected to induction drive by using a photovoltaic module for microgrid applications using maximum power point tracking (MPPT) through a PV array. Hybrid H-bridge inverters combine elements from different inverter topologies to optimize appearance in terms of efficiency, harmonics and system complexity. The main aim is to reduce harmonics using high level of inverter and by controlling motor characteristics. Here a novel PWM control method is used for making the exchanging sequences for the corresponding switches. From the MATLAB results presented, it can be noticed that with the proposed methodology the THD is reduced to 4.66 and number of switches to 39, which reduces the complexity of the system. It also minimized the switching losses and increases efficiency.
Enhanced embedded system for various synthetic electrocardiogram generation using McSharry’s dynamic equation
Authors: Hikmah Nada Fitrieyatul , Setiawan Rachmad , Andanis Nafila Cahya , Pranata Aldo
Published: January 2025

n electrocardiogram (ECG) is a signal that describes the heart’s electrical activity. Signal processing techniques are necessary to extract meaningful information from ECG signals. Researchers often use large databases like the PhysioNet database to evaluate the performance of algorithms. However, these databases have limitations concerning the lack of temporal or morphological variations. This study addresses this limitation by introducing a synthetic ECG capable of producing both normal 12-lead ECG signals and abnormal ECG signals and implementing it into the microcontroller. The primary contribution involves developing a synthetic ECG model using McSharry's dynamic equation model and implementing it using Mikromedia 5 for STM32F4 Capacitive as a microcontroller. This model enables users to set the desired heart rate and accurately replicates ECG waveforms using parameters 𝑎𝑖, 𝑏𝑖, and 𝜃𝑖, each determines the peak’s magnitude, the peak’s time duration, and the angular velocity of the trajectory. The synthetic ECG was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively, demonstrating waveform similarity to the ECG signals. This study implies that the synthetic ECG model serves as a valuable tool for researchers and practitioners in electrocardiography. It enables the generation of normal and abnormal ECG signals, aiding in algorithm development and potentially enhancing the understanding and diagnosis of heart conditions.
Experimental study of performance and prototype of elliptical altitude detection based on global navigation satellite system
Authors: Zulfikar Dwi Aji , Nurkarya Yoyok , Setiyadi Johar , Kurniawan Endro Sigit , Carudin Carudin , Suhadi Suhadi
Published: January 2025

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is a multi-satellite-based navigation system, in the GNSS positioning process involves several navigation satellites such as global positioning system (GPS) which is a navigation system to bring up more observation data so that it is very useful when determining the desired parameters in a real-time data processing. In the research, an experimental study is used to determine land subsidence which is one of the vertical deformations of the earth's crust as a consequence of crustal dynamics. The result of the analysis is raw position data with the average method of detecting the height of the ellipsoid in the XYZ location area. Data collection is done by observation using the absolute method for one hour for position and fifteen days of observation for height. While the equipment used is u-blox Neo-7M, MCU TTL RS-485 module, ESP32-S Dev Kit V1 module, memory card module and real time clock (RTC). The results of the observation validation analysis are i) GPS-1 Easting 1.09 m and Northing 1.08 m, GPS-2 Easting 1.19 m and Northing 1.32 m, GPS-3 Easting 0.54 m and Northing 0.64 m while GPS-AVG GPS Easting 0.56 m and Northing of 0.64 m, ii) The results of the GPS-1 ellipsoid height analysis are 3.76 m, GPS-2 4.28 m, GPS-3 of 3.69 m, and iii) GPS AVG of 3.01 m.
Efficiency of channel codes for different fading models in 5G enhanced mobile broadband scenario
Authors: Khmelevsky Mikhail , Kazakov Gennady
Published: January 2025

In urban environments, 5th generation (5G) signals are subject to interference, multiple propagation and thermal noise, resulting in a significant amount of errors. In this regard, channel coding is applied, which allows to increase the reliability of the transmitted message. This work focuses on comparing the performance of low-density parity check (LDPC) and polar codes standardized by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) for application in 5G networks in physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) under multipath propagation conditions in enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) scenario. The performance of the codes under study was investigated considering all signal processing operations implemented in hardware in 5G channels. We used clustered delay line (CDL) and tapped delay line (TDL) models as propagation channel models. Channel configuration and selection of signal parameters were based on the analysis of commercially launched 5G networks. One of the simulations results we observed was the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) required to transmit the signal while ensuring a given block error rate (BLER). Polar codes demonstrated both a gain in coding over LDPC codes and a loss in decoding delay of the received signal due to a more complex decoding algorithm.
User behavior analysis for insider attack detection using a combination of memory prediction model and recursive feature elimination algorithm
Authors: Triana Yaya Sudarya , Osman Mohd Azam , Stiawan Deris , Budiarto Rahmat
Published: January 2025

Existing defense tools against the insider attacks are rare, not in real time fashion and suffer from low detection accuracy as the attacks become more sophisticated. Thus, a detection tool with online learning ability and better accuracy is required urgently. This study proposes an insider attack detection model by leveraging entity behavior analysis technique based on a memory prediction model combined with the recursive feature elimination (RFE) feature selection algorithm. The memory-prediction model provides ability to perform online learning, while the RFE algorithm is deployed to reduce data dimensionality. Dataset for the experiment was created from a real network with 150 active users, and mixed with attacks data from publicly available dataset. The dataset is simulated on a testbed network environment consisting of a server configured to run 4 virtual servers and other two computers as traffic generator and detection tool. The experimental results show 94.01% of detection accuracy, 95.64% of precision, 99.28% of sensitivity, and 96.08% of F1-score. The proposed model is able to perform on-the-fly learning to address evolving nature of the attacks. Combining memory prediction models with the RFE for user behavior analysis is a promising approach, and achieving high accuracy is definitely a positive outcome.
OCNet-23: a fine-tuned transfer learning approach for oral cancer detection from histopathological images
Authors: Akhi Amatul Bushra , Noman Abdullah Al , Shaha Sonjoy Prosad , Akter Farzana , Lata Munira Akter , Sheikh Rubel
Published: January 2025

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is emerging as a significant global health concern, underscoring the need for prompt detection and treatment. Our study introduces an innovative diagnostic method for OSCC, leveraging the capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) and histopathological images (HIs). Our primary objective is to expedite the identification process for medical professionals. To achieve this, we employ transfer learning and incorporate renowned models such as VGG16, VGG19, MobileNet_v1, MobileNet_v2, DenseNet, and InceptionV3. A key feature of our approach is the meticulous optimization of the VGG19 architecture, paired with advanced image preprocessing techniques such as contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) and median blur. We conducted an ablation study with optimized hyperparameters, culminating in an impressive 95.32% accuracy. This groundbreaking research ensures accurate and timely diagnoses, leading to improved patient outcomes, and represents a significant advancement in the application of AI for oral cancer diagnostics. Utilizing a substantial dataset of 5,192 meticulously categorized images into OSCC and normal categories, our work pioneers the field of OSCC detection. By providing medical professionals with a robust tool to enhance their diagnostic capabilities, our method has the potential to revolutionize the sector and usher in a new era of more effective and efficient oral cancer treatment.
Identification of Android APK malware through local and global feature extraction using meta classifier
Authors: Herawan Yoga , Sitanggang Imas Sukaesih , Neyman Shelvie Nidya
Published: January 2025

Android, the most widely used mobile operating system, is also the most vulnerable to malware due to its high popularity. This has significantly focused on Android malware detection in mobile security. While extensive research has been conducted using various methods, new malware’s emergence underscores this field’s dynamic nature and the need for continuous research. The motivation that drives malware developers to create Android malware constantly is the potential to access Android devices, thereby gaining access to sensitive user information. This study, which is a complex and in-depth exploration, aims to detect Android malware using a meta-classifier that combines the single-classifier light gradient boosting machine, support vector machine, and random forest. The process involves converting disassembled malware codes into grey images for global and local feature extraction. The classification accuracy is 97% at best on a malware dataset of 3,963 samples. The main contribution of this paper is to produce an Android APK malware detector model that works by combining multiple machine learning algorithms trained using the dataset resulting from local and global feature extraction algorithms.
Revisiting self-supervised contrastive learning for imbalanced classification
Authors: Gao Xiaoling , Ramli Muhammad Izzad , Rosli Marshima Mohd , Jamil Nursuriati , Ariffin Syed Mohd Zahid Syed Zainal
Published: January 2025

Class imbalance remains a formidable challenge in machine learning, particularly affecting fields that depend on accurate classification across skewed datasets, such as medical imaging and software defect prediction. Traditional approaches often fail to adequately address the underrepresentation of minority classes, leading to models that exhibit high performance on majority classes but have poor performance on critical minority classes. Self-supervised contrastive learning has become an extremely encouraging method for this issue, enabling the utilization of unlabeled data to generate robust and generalizable models. This paper reviews the advancements in self-supervised contrastive learning for imbalanced classification, focusing on methodologies that enhance model performance through innovative contrastive loss functions and data augmentation strategies. By pulling similar instances closer and pushing dissimilar ones apart, these techniques help mitigate the biases inherent in imbalanced datasets. We critically analyze the effectiveness of these methods in diverse scenarios and propose future research directions aimed at refining these approaches for broader application in real-world settings. This review serves as a guide for researchers exploring the potential of contrastive learning to address class imbalances, highlighting recent successes and identifying crucial gaps that need addressing.