bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of novel potential anti-diabetic candidates targeting human pancreatic α-amylase and human α-glycosidase: an exhaustive structure-based screening
Authors: Maliwal Deepika , Pissurlenkar Raghuvir R.S. , Telvekar Vikas
Published: December 2021

Diabetes is a major health issue that has reached alarming levels, affecting nearly half a billion people worldwide. It is a serious and long-term medical condition that has a major impact on the lives and well-being of individuals, families, and societies. Diabetes is among the top 10 diseases responsible for death among adults, with an expected increase to 10.2% (578 million) by 2030 and 10.9% (700 million) by 2045. Carbohydrates are absorbed into the body upon hydrolysis by human pancreatic α-amylase and other intestinal enzymes, such as human α-glucosidase. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase are well-validated therapeutic targets in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and play a vital role in modulating blood glucose levels after a meal. Herein, we report novel and diverse molecules identified as potential candidates that are predicted to have affinities for α-amylase and α-glucosidase. These molecules were identified via hierarchical multistep docking of small-molecule databases with estimated binding free energies. A Glide XP score cutoff of –8.0 kcal/mol was implemented to filter out non-potential molecules from the database. Four molecules, amb22034702, amb18105639, amb17153304, and amb9760832, were identified after an exhaustive computational study involving the evaluation of binding interactions and assessment of the pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiles. In-depth analysis of protein–ligand interactions was performed using a 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to establish dynamic stability. Furthermore, MM-GBSA based binding free energies were computed for 1000 trajectory snapshots to ascertain the strong binding affinities of these molecules for α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The identified molecules can be considered as promising candidates for further drug development through necessary experimental assessments.
THE DARK SIDE OF A B2B CO-CREATION RELATIONSHIP IN THE FRONT END OF INNOVATION: A GENERATIVE REVIEW
Authors: RODRIGUES SOFIA R. , PINTO-FERREIRA JOÃO JOSÉ
Published: December 2021

This study aims to conceptualise the risks of a co-creation relationship between providers and customers in the front end of innovation (FEI). The existing literature on the topic of the interactions between customers and providers is vast but mostly reflects the vision of each respective field of science addressing specific issues and dynamics. This review paper combines integrative and generative approaches (Post et al., 2020). The narrative overview methodology (Green et al., 2006) fits the purpose to integrate the contributions of scholars from different areas and with distinct perspectives. The authors present a comprehensive view of the complex and, sometimes, conflictual customer–provider relationship in a business-to-business (B2B) context applied to the FEI. The review, mostly focused in the service industry, included the identification of inconsistencies and poorly explained phenomena. This work contributes decisively to the innovation, management and organisation literature, advancing a model of the projected risks of the specific customer–provider relationship in the FEI phase.
The Effect of the Coordination Ability on the Mg Plating/Stripping Behavior in Mg(N(CF3SO2)2)2/Glyme Based Electrolytes
Authors: Sagane Fumihiro , Ogi Kenta , Konno Akinori , Kanamura Kiyoshi
Published: December 2021

The effect of the coordination ability of the solvent species on the Mg plating/stripping behavior was investigated. The Mg plating reaction in Mg(N(CF3SO2)2)2/diglyme was inhibited by the equimolar of 15-crown-5 ether (15C5) to Mg2+-ion. On the other hand, Mg plating took place in the solution by reducing the amount of 15C5 less than that of Mg2+-ion. FT-IR spectra showed that 15C5 preferentially solvated Mg2+-ion in the glyme based solutions. The theoretical calculation indicated the interaction between Mg2+-ion and each O atom in 15C5 was stronger than that with diglyme or larger sized crown ether. The results showed that the coordination ability of the solvent species could be the critical for the Mg plating reaction.
Chemical Detection by Analyte-Induced Change in Electrophoretic Deposition of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Mainali Badri P , Zamborini Francis P
Published: December 2021

The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of citrate-stabilized Au nanoparticles (cit-Au NPs) occurs on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass electrodes upon electrochemical oxidation of hydroquinone (HQ) due to the release of hydronium ions. Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) for Au oxidation allows the determination of the amount of Au NP deposition under a specific EPD potential and time. The binding of Cr3+ to the cit-Au NPs inhibits the EPD by inducing aggregation and/or reducing the negative charge, which could lower the effective NP concentration of the cit-Au NPs and/or lower the electrophoretic mobility. This lowers the Au oxidation charge in the ASV, which acts as an indirect signal for Cr3+. The binding of melamine to cit-Au NPs similarly leads to aggregation and/or lowers the negative charge, also resulting in reduction of the ASV Au oxidation peak. The decrease in Au oxidation charge measured by ASV increases linearly with increasing Cr3+ and melamine concentration. The limit of detection (LOD) for Cr3+ is 21.1 ppb and 16.0 ppb for 15.1 and 4.1 nm diameter cit-Au NPs, respectively. Improving the sensing conditions allows for as low as 1 ppb detection of Cr3+. The LOD for melamine is 45.7 ppb for 4.1 nm Au NPs.
Exercise effects on γ3-AMPK activity, Akt substrate of 160 kDa phosphorylation, and glucose uptake in muscle of normal and insulin-resistant female rats
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Arias Edward B. , Treebak Jonas T. , Cartee Gregory D.
Published: December 2021

Glucose uptake (GU) and phosphorylated AS160 (pAS160) by insulin-stimulated muscles at 3 h postexercise (3hPEX) exceeded diet-matched controls in female low-fat diet-fed (LFD) or high-fat diet-fed (HFD) rats. GU with insulin for LFD-3hPEX exceeded HFD-3hPEX, whereas pAS160 was similar between these groups. γ3-AMPK immediately postexercise (IPEX) was similarly elevated in LFD and HFD, but only LFD-3hPEX had increased γ3-AMPK. These results suggest that greater γ3-AMPK at IPEX and pAS160 at 3hPEX may contribute to elevated GU with insulin, but greater γ3-AMPK at 3hPEX was dispensable for female HFD rats.
Bleeding Meckel’s Diverticulum in a 33-Year-Old Female Diagnosed with Video Capsule Endoscopy and a Technetium-99 m Pertechnetate Scan with a Favorable Response to H2 Blocker and PPI
Authors: Krstevski Gregor , Isahi Urim , Andreevski Vladimir
Published: December 2021

Meckel’s diverticulum is a true diverticulum consisting of all three layers of the small intestine resulting from incomplete regression of the vitelline duct. While it is often benign, it can present with serious complications such as intussusception, ulceration, torsion, hemorrhage, obstruction, inflammation, and fistula formation. Although it typically presents in infancy and early childhood, it can also manifest much later into adulthood. We report a case of Meckel’s diverticulum complicated by significant bleeding in a 33-year-old female patient. Diagnosis was accomplished with video capsule endoscopy and a technetium-99 m pertechnetate scan. The patient responded well to acid suppression, initially with an H2 blocker and later with a PPI (proton pump inhibitor), and remained asymptomatic for nearly four months in the interim to definitive surgical treatment. Microscopic examination of the resected diverticulum confirmed the presence of ectopic gastric mucosa. A PubMed literature search revealed several similar cases of Meckel’s diverticulum complicated by hemorrhage with a favorable response to H2 blockers and PPIs. While surgical resection remains the mainstay of definitive treatment, medications aimed at acid suppression can delay the need for urgent surgery, allow for diagnostic assessment, and optimize conditions for elective surgical treatment.
Graduates’ Unemployment and Associated Factors in Ethiopia: Analysis of Higher Education Graduates’ Perspectives
Authors: Demissie Mesfin Molla , Herut Adane Hailu , Yimer Berhanu Mekonnen , Bareke Misganu Legesse , Agezew Birhanu Haile , Dedho Negash Haile , Lebeta Mulugeta Fufa
Published: December 2021

Higher education institutions are responsible for providing their graduates with relevant job skills that will allow them to compete in the labour market. With this in mind, the purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with graduate unemployment in Ethiopia. The data were collected, analysed, and interpreted using a quantitative design. Using Cochran’s sampling formula, 359 graduates from five regions were selected as the sources of primary data. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse the data because it is a good model for computing the interaction between more than two independent and dependent variables. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.947 indicated that the instrument’s reliability is adequate. The study revealed that the independent variables that correlate with graduates’ unemployment are demographic characteristics, curriculum, institutional characteristics, graduate characteristics, and economic and labour market conditions. These findings imply that HEIs and governance bodies should reconsider the sector’s policy and strategic directions in terms of graduates’ employability output. As one of the major improvements, the study also recommends creating an enabling environment for employers to thrive, while higher education institutions adjust their curricula to meet the needs of employers.
Modelling of Jatropha Oil Hydrocracking in a Trickle-Bed Reactor to Produce Green Fuel
Authors: Muharam Yuswan , Dianursanti  , Wirya Andrey Sapati
Published: December 2021

Trickle-bed reactor (TBR) modelling to produce green fuel via hydrocracking of jatropha oil using silica-alumina-supported Ni-W catalysts was performed in this research. The objectives of this study are to obtain a TBR with good heat transfer and the optimum condition for high purities of products. A two-dimensional axisymmetric model with a diameter of 0.1 m and a length of 10 m was used as a representative of the actual TBR system. Heterogeneous phenomenological models were developed considering mass, energy, and momentum transfers. The optimisation was conducted to obtain the highest green fuel purity by varying catalyst particle diameter, inlet gas velocity, feed molar ratio, and inlet temperature. The simulation shows that a TBR with an aspect ratio of 100 has achieved a good heat transfer. The diesel purity reaches 44.22% at 420°C, kerosene purity reaches 21.39% at 500°C, and naphtha purity reaches 25.30% at 500°C. The optimum condition is reached at the catalyst diameter of 1 mm, the inlet gas velocity of 1 cm/s, the feed molar ratio of 105.5, and the inlet temperature at 500°C with the green fuel purity of 69.4%.
Brachial Artery “Low-Flow Mediated Constriction” Is Associated with Myocardial Perfusion Defect Severity and Mediated by an Altered Flow Pattern during Occlusion
Authors: Badhwar Smriti , Chandran Dinu S. , Jaryal Ashok K. , Narang Rajiv , Patel Chetan , Deepak Kishore Kumar
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The relationship between low flow-mediated constriction (LFMC), a new proposed measure of endothelial function, with cardiovascular disease severity and its hypothesized stimulus, that is, low flow, has not been comprehensively evaluated. The study evaluated association between change in brachial artery diameter during constriction with severity of myocardial perfusion defect (PD) and alterations in different components of flow profile. Methods: Brachial artery responses to occlusion were assessed in 91 patients and 30 healthy subjects. Change in anterograde and retrograde blood flow velocities (delta anterograde blood flow velocity and retrograde blood flow velocity), anterograde shear rate and retrograde shear rate (delta ASR and RSR, respectively), and oscillatory shear index (delta) during forearm occlusion at 50 mm Hg above systolic pressure, from baseline was calculated. Myocardial perfusion was evaluated in patients using exercise single positron emission computed tomography and % myocardial PD was calculated from summed stress score. Results: LFMC emerged as independent predictor of defect severity after correcting for age and gender (p = 0.014). Sixty-seven patients (73.6%) and 15 healthy subjects (50%) showed constriction during occlusion. In stepwise backward regression analysis, RSR contributed 35.5% and ASR contributed 20.1% of the total 63.9% variability in artery diameter during occlusion. Conclusion: The results suggest that LFMC is independently associated with myocardial perfusion severity and is “mediated” by an altered flow profile during occlusion.
The Protective Effect of Picroside II on Isoflurane-Induced Neuronal Injury in Rats via Downregulating miR-195
Authors: Li Hui , Du Weijia , Yuan Yawei , Xue Jingjing , Li Qiang , Wang Long
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Numerous pieces of evidence demonstrated that isoflurane induces hippocampal cell injury and cognitive impairments. Picroside II has been investigated for its anti-apoptosis and antioxidant neuroprotective effects. We aimed to explore the protective effects of picroside II and the role of microRNA-195 (miR-195) on isoflurane-induced neuronal injury in rats. Methods: The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the effects of isoflurane on rats regarding escape latency and time in quadrant parameters. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of miR-195 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including inter­leukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA, in the hippocampal tissues and neuronal cells. Results: The picroside II significantly improves isoflurane-induced higher escape latency and lower time spent in the quadrant compared with the control rats. Picroside II also promotes cell viability and suppresses cell apoptosis of isoflurane-induced neuronal cells. Besides, picroside II suppresses the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and miR-195 in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-195 abrogates the effects of picroside II on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The appropriate dose of picroside II is 20 mg/kg. Conclusion: Picroside II could protect the nervous system possibly through inhibiting the inflammatory response in the isoflurane-induced neuronal injury of rats. The protective effect of picroside II may be achieved by downregulating the expression of miR-195 and then inhibiting the inflammatory response.
Role of Mitochondrial Therapy for Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury and Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Pabla Navjot , Bajwa Amandeep
Published: December 2021

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical disorder associated with decline in renal function because of ischemic and nephrotoxic insults. The pathophysiology of AKI involves multiple cellular mechanisms, such as kidney parenchymal cell (epithelial and endothelial) dysfunction and immune-cell infiltration. Mitochondrial injury which causes ATP depletion and triggers apoptosis and necrosis is at the heart of ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). Pharmacological (SS-31 or MitoQ), cellular (dendritic cells or mesenchymal stem cells), or genetic strategies that either directly or indirectly preserve mitochondrial integrity and function have been shown to mitigate IRI-linked AKI in preclinical models. Interestingly, isolated mitochondria have been recently shown to be taken up by various mammalian cells resulting in incorporation of transplanted mitochondria into the endogenous mitochondrial network of recipient cells and contributing to protection from ischemic injury in various preclinical models of ischemia including the heart, liver, and kidneys. The mini review summarizes the current available therapeutic strategies that improve kidney function by targeting mitochondria health.
On detecting and identifying faulty internet of things devices and outages
Authors: Wang Feng , Babulak Eduard , Tang Yongning
Published: December 2021

As internet of things (IoT) devices play an integral role in our everyday life, it is critical to monitor the health of the IoT devices. However, fault detection in IoT is much more challenging compared with that in traditional wired networks. Traditional observing and polling are not appropriate for detecting faults in resource-constrained IoT devices. Because of the dynamic feature of IoT devices, these detection methods are inadequate for IoT fault detection. In this paper, we propose two methods that can monitor the health status of IoT devices through monitoring the network traffic of these devices. Based on the collected traffic or flow entropy, these methods can determine the health status of IoT devices by comparing captured traffic behavior with normal traffic patterns. Our measurements show that the two methods can effectively detect and identify malfunctioned or defective IoT devices.
Development of 3D convolutional neural network to recognize human activities using moderate computation machine
Authors: Alsaedi Malik A. , Mohialdeen Abdulrahman Saeed , Albaker Baraa Munqith
Published: December 2021

Human activity recognition (HAR) is recently used in numerous applications including smart homes to monitor human behavior, automate homes according to human activities, entertainment, falling detection, violence detection, and people care. Vision-based recognition is the most powerful method widely used in HAR systems implementation due to its characteristics in recognizing complex human activities. This paper addresses the design of a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) model that can be used in smart homes to identify several numbers of activities. The model is trained using KTH dataset that contains activities like (walking, running, jogging, handwaving handclapping, boxing). Despite the challenges of this method due to the effectiveness of the lamination, background variation, and human body variety, the proposed model reached an accuracy of 93.33%. The model was implemented, trained and tested using moderate computation machine and the results show that the proposal was successfully capable to recognize human activities with reasonable computations.
An improved feature selection approach for chronic heart disease detection
Authors: Sushma S. J. , Assegie Tsehay Admassu , Vinutha D. C. , Padmashree S.
Published: December 2021

Irrelevant feature in heart disease dataset affects the performance of binary classification model. Consequently, eliminating irrelevant and redundant feature (s) from training set with feature selection algorithm significantly improves the performance of classification model on heart disease detection. Sequential feature selection (SFS) is successful algorithm to improve the performance of classification model on heart disease detection and reduces the computational time complexity. In this study, sequential feature selection (SFS) algorithm is implemented for improving the classifier performance on heart disease detection by removing irrelevant features and training a model on optimal features. Furthermore, exhaustive and permutation based feature selection algorithm are implemented and compared with SFS algorithm. The implemented and existing feature selection algorithms are evaluated using real world Pima Indian heart disease dataset and result appears to prove that the SFS algorithm outperforms as compared to exhaustive and permutation based feature selection algorithm. Overall, the result looks promising and more effective heart disease detection model is developed with accuracy of 99.3%.
Cucumber disease recognition using machine learning and transfer learning
Authors: Mia Md. Jueal , Maria Syeda Khadizatul , Taki Shahrun Siddique , Biswas Al Amin
Published: December 2021

Cucumber is grown, as a cash crop besides it is one of the main and popular vegetables in Bangladesh. As Bangladesh's economy is largely dependent on the agricultural sector, cucumber farming could make economic and productivity growth more sustainable. But many diseases diminish the situation of cucumber. Early detection of disease can help to stop disease from spreading to other healthy plants and also accurate identifying the disease will help to reduce crop losses through specific treatments. In this paper, we have presented two approaches namely traditional machine learning (ML) and CNN-based transfer learning. Then we have compared the performance of the applied techniques to find out the most appropriate techniques for recognizing cucumber diseases. In our ML approach, the system involves five steps. After collecting the image, pre-processing is done by resizing, filtering, and contrast-enhancing. Then we have compared various ML algorithms using k-means based image segmentation after extracted 10 relevant features. Random forest gives the best accuracy with 89.93% in the traditional ML approach. We also studied and applied CNN-based transfer learning to investigate the further improvement of recognition performance. Lastly, a comparison among various transfer learning models such as InceptionV3, MobileNetV2, and VGG16 has been performed. Between these two approaches, MobileNetV2 achieves the highest accuracy with 93.23%.
A 9T FinFET SRAM cell for ultra-low power application in the subthreshold regime
Authors: Birla Shilpi , Singh Neha , Shukla Neeraj K. , Sharma Sidharth
Published: December 2021

Due to the scaling of the CMOS, the limitations of these devices raised the need for alternative nano-devices. Various devices are proposed like FinFET, TFET, CNTFET. Among these, the FinFET emerges as one of the promising devices which can replace the CMOS due to its low leakage in the nanometer regime. The electronics devices are nowadays more compact and efficient in terms of battery consumption. The CMOS SRAMs have been replaced by the FinFET SRAMs due to the scaling limitations of the CMOS. Two FinFET SRAM cells have been which power efficient are and having high stability. Performance comparison of these cells has been done to analyze the leakage power and the static noise margins. The simulation of the cells is done at 20 nm FinFET technology. It has been analyzed that the write margin of improved 9T SRAM cell achieves an improvement of 1.49x. The read margin is also showing a drastic improvement over the existing cells which has been compared in the paper. The hold margin was found to be better in the case of the proposed SRAM cell at 0.4 V. The gate length has been varied to find the effect on read margin with gate length.
Key performance requirement of future next wireless networks (6G)
Authors: A. A. Solyman Ahmad , Yahya Khalid
Published: December 2021

Given the massive potentials of 5G communication networks and their foreseeable evolution, what should there be in 6G that is not in 5G or its long-term evolution? 6G communication networks are estimated to integrate the terrestrial, aerial, and maritime communications into a forceful network which would be faster, more reliable, and can support a massive number of devices with ultra-low latency requirements. This article presents a complete overview of potential 6G communication networks. The major contribution of this study is to present a broad overview of key performance indicators (KPIs) of 6G networks that cover the latest manufacturing progress in the environment of the principal areas of research application, and challenges.
Brake by wire control with pedal feedback and brake boost
Authors: Abeysiriwardhana W. A. Shanaka P. , S. Abeykoon A. M. Harsha
Published: December 2021

"By wire" technology merged into multiple vehicular subsystems, including gear changing, drive, and braking systems. The brake by wire system is developed to overcome the problems associated with the integration of mechanical and hydraulic systems in novel vehicular systems. Even though brake by wire systems has potential advantages, the conventional brake systems' tactile sensation will be removed if migrated to the electrical by wire control scheme. This paper proposes a novel control mechanism that provides amplification of force, scaling of position replication, and a virtual spring-damper based pedal retraction which provides bilateral brake force feedback to the driver's pedal similar to the hydraulic brake system. The proposed system performance was simulated and tested using a bilateral teleoperation system with disturbance observers (DOB) and reaction force observers (RFOB). The proposed system provides pedal force amplification and brake force feedback to the driver's pedal using RFOBs. The virtual spring retracts the brake pedal, similar to a mechanical pedal retraction system. The system simulation and experimental results provide evidence of the proposed system's force amplification, position scaling, and pedal reaction capabilities.
Frequency based edge-texture feature using Otsu’s based enhanced local ternary pattern technique for digital image splicing detection
Authors: Srivastava Vikas , Yadav Sanjay Kumar
Published: December 2021

Sharing information through images is a trend nowadays. Advancements in the technology and user-friendly image editing tool make easy to edit the image and spread fake news through different social networking platforms. Forged image has been generated through an advanced image editing tool, so it is very challenging for image forensics to detect the micro discrepancy which distorted the micro pattern. This paper proposes an image forensic detection technique, which implies multi-level discrete wavelet transform to implement digital image filtering. Canny edge detection technique is implemented to detect the edge of the image to implement Otsu’s based enhanced local ternary pattern (OELTP), which can detect forgery-related artifact. DWT is implemented over Cb and Cr components of the image and using edge texture to improve the Otsu global threshold, which is used to extract features using ELTP technique. Support vector machine (SVM) is used for classification to find the image is forged or not. The performance of the work evaluated on three different open available data sets CASIA v1, CASIA v2, and Columbia. Our proposed work gives better results with some of the previous states of the work in terms of detection accuracy.
Online medical consultation: covid-19 system using software object-oriented approach
Authors: Gheni Ali Yahya , Yousif Hiba Adil , Jusoh Yusmadi Yah
Published: December 2021

The internet has been a source of medical information, it has been used for online medical consultation (OMC). OMC is now offered by many providers internationally with diverse models and features. In OMC, consultations and treatments are available 24/7. The covid-19 pandemic across-the-board, many people unable to go to hospital or clinic because the spread of the virus. This paper tried to answer two research questions. The first one on how the OMC can help the patients during covid-19 pandemic. A literature review was conducted to answer the first research question. The second one on how to develop system in OMC related to covid-19 pandemic. The system was developed by Visual Studio 2019 using software object-oriented approach. Online expert review was conducted within 6 experts from health and academic industry to verify the model. Also, the system was validated by 11 users from heath and academic industry to confirm its usability. The statistical package for social science (SPSS 22) was used to analyze the collected data. The result of expert review confirmed that covid-19 system can help the patients. Also, the validity of the system was confirmed by 11 users from health and academic industry.
The calculation of the field of an antenna located near the human head
Authors: Hamid Hamood Shehab , Chisab Raad Farhood
Published: December 2021

In this work, a numerical calculation was carried out in one of the universal programs for automatic electro-dynamic design. The calculation is aimed at obtaining numerical values for specific absorbed power (SAR). It is the SAR value that can be used to determine the effect of the antenna of a wireless device on biological objects; the dipole parameters will be selected for GSM1800. Investigation of the influence of distance to a cell phone on radiation shows that absorbed in the head of a person the effect of electromagnetic radiation on the brain decreases by three times this is a very important result the SAR value has decreased by almost three times it is acceptable results.
Timetabling problem solving based on best-nests cuckoo search
Authors: Jebur Mohammed A. , Abdullah Hasanen S.
Published: December 2021

The university courses timetabling problem (UCTP) is a popular subject among institutions and academics because occurs every academic year. In general, UCTP is the distribution of events through slots time for each room based on the list of constraints for instance (hard constraint and soft constraint) supplied in one semester, intending to avoid conflicts in such assignments. Under no circumstances should hard constraints be broken while attempting to fulfill as many soft constraints as feasible. this article presented a modified best-nests cuckoo search (BNCS) algorithm depend on the base cuckoo search (CS) algorithm. BNSC algorithm was achieved by dividing the nests into two groups (best-nests and normal-nests). The BNCS algorithm selection was limited to the best-nests to generate new solutions. The comparison between BNCS and basic CS based on the experimental result is achieved. For performance evaluation, the BNCS has been tested on four variant-size datasets. It was observed that the BNCS has performed high performance and is faster at finding a solution from CS.
Power quality disturbances classification using complex wavelet phasor space reconstruction and fully connected feed forward neural network
Authors: Likhitha R. , Manjunatha A.
Published: December 2021

Power quality disturbances (PQD) degrades the quality of power. Detection of these PQDs in real time using smart systems connected to the power grid is a challenge due to the integration of energy generation units and electronic devices. Deep learning methods have shown advantages for PQD classification accurately. PQD events are non-stationary and occur at discrete events. Pre-processing of power signal using dual tree complex wavelet transform in localizing the disturbances according to time-frequency-phase information improves classification accuracy.Phase space reconstruction of complex wavelet sub bands to 2D data and use of fully connected feed forward neural network improves classification accuracy. In this work, a combination of DTCWT-PSR and FC-FFNN is used to classify different complex PSDs accurately.The proposed algorithm is evaluated for its performance considering different network configurations and the most optimum structure is developed. The classification accuracy is demonstrated to be 99.71% for complex PQDs and is suitable for real time activity with reduced complexity.
Remote sensing and GIS application for monitoring drought vulnerability in Indonesia: a review
Authors: Rahmi Khalifah Insan Nur , Dimyati Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Agricultural drought is one of the hydrometeorological disasters that cause significant losses because it affects food stocks. In addition, agricultural droughts, impact the physical and socio-economic development of the community. Remote sensing technology is used to monitor agricultural droughts spatially and temporally for minimizing losses. This study reviewed the literatures related to remote sensing and GIS for monitoring drought vulnerability in Indonesia. The study was conducted on an island-scale on Java Island, a provincial-scale in East Java and Bali, and a district-scale in Indramayu and Kebumen. The dominant method was the drought index, which involves variable land surface temperature (LST), vegetation index, land cover, wetness index, and rainfall. Each study has a strong point and a weak point. Low-resolution satellite imagery has been used to assess drought vulnerability. At the island scale, it provides an overview of drought conditions, while at the provincial scale, it focuses on paddy fields and has little detailed information. In-situ measurements at the district scale detect meteorological drought accurately, but there were limitations in the mapping unit's detailed information. Drought mapping using GIS and remote sensing at the district scale has detailed spatial information on climate and physiographic aspects, but it needs temporal data monitoring.
Parking detection system using background subtraction and HSV color segmentation
Authors: Pratomo Awang Hendrianto , Kaswidjanti Wilis , Nugroho Alek Setiyo , Saifullah Shoffan
Published: December 2021

Manual system vehicle parking makes finding vacant parking lots difficult, so it has to check directly to the vacant space. If many people do parking, then the time needed for it is very much or requires many people to handle it. This research develops a real-time parking system to detect parking. The system is designed using the HSV color segmentation method in determining the background image. In addition, the detection process uses the background subtraction method. Applying these two methods requires image preprocessing using several methods such as grayscaling, blurring (low-pass filter). In addition, it is followed by a thresholding and filtering process to get the best image in the detection process. In the process, there is a determination of the ROI to determine the focus area of the object identified as empty parking. The parking detection process produces the best average accuracy of 95.76%. The minimum threshold value of 255 pixels is 0.4. This value is the best value from 33 test data in several criteria, such as the time of capture, composition and color of the vehicle, the shape of the shadow of the object’s environment, and the intensity of light. This parking detection system can be implemented in real-time to determine the position of an empty place.
Mathematical modeling of a solid oxide fuel cell operating on biogas
Authors: Cardoso Wandercleiton , Felice Renzo Di , Baptista Raphael Colombo
Published: December 2021

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are the most efficient devices for directly converting the chemical energy of a fuel into electrical energy. This is one of the main reasons why these fuel cells have received a lot of attention from the scientific community and from several developers who have invested in the use of this technology in various applications. Biogas is one of the products of anaerobic decomposition (absence of gaseous oxygen) of organic matter, which occurs due to the action of certain types of bacteria. Biogas is mainly composed of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and its use in solid oxide fuel cells has been investigated since Biogas is a renewable biofuel. The aim of this paper was to perform mathematical modeling of a solid oxide fuel cell operating on biogas. The results confirmed that the overall efficiency of the system is above 94% and the largest irreversibilities of the system are related to heat exchangers.
Single phase multifunctional integrated converter for electric vehicles
Authors: Reddy Kondreddy Sreekanth , Veeranna Sreenivasappa B.
Published: December 2021

In this paper, a single phase multifunctional integrated converter is proposed for electric vehicles (EVs) with single stage power conversion. The main objective of the proposed topology is to reduce the weight, size, and cost of the power electronic converter system used in EVs compared to the existing topologies that are already available in the industries. The novelty of the proposed topology includes: (i) single converter for charging, propulsion and regenerative braking; (ii) reduction of number of switches to reduce the switching and conduction losses; (iii) improving the efficiency by reducing the value of inductor; (iv) power factor correction for AC grid; and (v) improving the total harmonic distortion of the grid current. The complete analysis of the various modes of operation of the proposed topology is analyzed and implemented through MATLAB/Simulink software simulation and a power factor of 0.9999 and a current total harmonic distortion (THD) of 2.16% is achieved. The proposed topology is also compared with the existing topologies in terms of number of switches, diodes, inductors and capacitors used.
Centroidal-polygon: a new modified Euler to improve speed of resistor-inductor circuit equation
Authors: Zulkifli Nur Shahirah , Samsudin Nooraida , Aw Suzanna Ridzuan , Osman Wan Farah Hanan Wan , Kasim Shahreen , Sutikno Tole
Published: December 2021

Two types of first-order circuits are resistor-capacitor (RC) and resistorinductor (RL). This paper focuses on the RL circuit equation. The centroidalpolygon (CP) scheme will be tested using SCILAB 6.0 software. This new scheme (CP scheme) is addressed to improve the speed. For the first order circuit equation, the complexity is focused on the time complexity, which is speed of the time taken to complete the simulation in the electrical part. The CP scheme is compared with the previous studies, polygon (P) and harmonic-polygon (HP). The result shows that the CP scheme is less computational and an alternative to solve the first order circuit equation, and get the result quickly compared with the previous research.
Design of vehicle using Ackermann steering with IoT concept
Authors: Arunkumar Albert Paul , R. Palanisamy , K. Selvakumar , S. Usha , M. Thamizh Thentral T. , D. Karthikeyan
Published: December 2021

Electric vehicles are becoming more demanding these days. In this project the possibility of using Ackerman steering with electric drive servomotor is explained. Scalability is the advantage of using this mechanism which can be adopted for four-wheel vehicle system as well. The objective of this project is to do design a system using Ackerman steering which determines the maximum and minimum angle of the turning of the wheels. It also avoids the front tire slippage and activates pure rolling. Ackermann steering geometry is a geometric arrangement of linkages in the steering of a car or other vehicle designed to solve the problem of wheels on the inside and outside of a turn needing to trace out circles of different radii. The geometrical solution to this is for all wheels to have their axles arranged as radii of circles with a common centre point. As the rear wheels are fixed, this centre point must be on a line extended from the rear axle. Intersecting the axes of the front wheels on this line as well requires that the inside front wheel be turned, when steering, through a greater angle than the outside wheel. The microcontroller used in this project is ATMega16 andlmax232 is used for the serial data transmission.
Digital filters windowing for data transmission enhancement in communication channel
Authors: Kadhim Ola N. , Khudhair Kifah T. , Najjar Fallah H. , Al-Jawahry Hassan M.
Published: December 2021

In this search, an important methodology has been presented for communicated information rectification utilizing advanced channel windowing approach. The modern data communication technologies are ensured with numerous challenges because of their unpredictability and arrangement. Various digital transmission topologies in 4G can't fulfill the requirements in future arrangements, therefore, alternative multicarrier modulation (MCM) becoming the nominated approaches among all other data transmission techniques. Wherein prototype filter configuration is a fundamental system based on which the synthesis and analysis filters are derived. This paper presents a complete review on the ongoing advances of finite impulse response (FIR) filter plan procedures in MCM based correspondence frameworks. Initially, the essential issues are tried, taking into consideration the presentation of available data signal applicants and the FIR filter design concept. At that point the techniques for FIR filter configuration are summed up in subtleties and are center around the accompanying three group’s recurrence testing strategies, windowing based strategies and advancement-based techniques. At last, the exhibitions of different FIR structure strategies are assessed and measured by power spectral density (PSD) and bit error rate (BER), and variable MCM plots as well as their potential prototype filters are examined.
Throughput performance for full-duplex DF relaying protocol in hybrid wireless power transfer systems
Authors: Van Hoang-Phuong , Nguyen Hoang-Sy
Published: December 2021

Most of the existing studies on energy harvesting (EH) cooperative relaying networks are conducted for the outdoor environments which are mainly characterized by Rayleigh fading channels. However, there are not as many studies that consider the indoor environments whereas the state-of-the-art internet of things (IoT) and smart city applications are built upon. Thus, in this paper, we analyze a namely hybrid time-power splitting relaying (HTPSR) protocol in a full-duplex (FD) decode-and-forward (DF) battery-energized relaying network in indoor scenarios modelled by the unpopular log-normal fading channels. Firstly, we formulate the analytical expression of the outage probability (OP) then the system throughput. Accordingly, we simulate the derived expressions with the Monte Carlo method. It is worth mentioning that in our work, the simulation and the theory agree well with each other. From the simulation results, we know how to compromise either the power splitting (PS) or the time splitting (TS) factors for optimizing the system performance.
The implementation of social customer relationship management for tourism information system
Authors: Ibrahim Ali , Indah Dwi Rosa , Meytri Devi Indra
Published: December 2021

Semambu island village, Ogan Ilir regency, south Sumatra has been used as an agricultural and livestock education tour destination since November 2017 and there has been no customer data management since then. The use of social media as a promotional tool has not been done to its maximum potential. This can be seen from 189 people who liked its Facebook page or 11.05% out of the reached users, 192 followers or 11.23% and those who interacted as many as 114 people or 6.67% from the total users. Meanwhile, there were 709 followers on its Instagram which consisted of 48% men and 52% women at the time of the study. This research applied social customer relationship management (social CRM) in a website-based system. The waterfall model development method supported the customer relations management by utilizing Facebook and Instagram to improve customer relationships in providing travel information, knowing interest and listening to complains as well as their suggestions based on interactions with the social media users as existing and prospective customers.
A new conjugate gradient algorithms using conjugacy condition for solving unconstrained optimization
Authors: Qasim Aseel M. , Salih Zinah F. , Hassan Basim A.
Published: December 2021

The primarily objective of this paper which is indicated in the field of conjugate gradient algorithms for unconstrained optimization problems and algorithms is to show the advantage of the new proposed algorithm in comparison with the standard method which is denoted as. Hestenes Stiefel method, as we know the coefficient conjugate parameter is very crucial for this reason, we proposed a simple modification of the coefficient conjugate gradient which is used to derived the new formula for the conjugate gradient update parameter described in this paper. Our new modification is based on the conjugacy situation for nonlinear conjugate gradient methods which is given by the conjugacy condition for nonlinear conjugate gradient methods and added a nonnegative parameter to suggest the new extension of the method. Under mild Wolfe conditions, the global convergence theorem and lemmas are also defined and proved. The proposed method's efficiency is programming and demonstrated by the numerical instances, which were very encouraging.
Implementation of wheelchair controller using mouth and tongue gesture
Authors: Hassani Rafia , Boumehraz Mohamed , Hamzi Maroua
Published: December 2021

In this paper, a simple human-machine interface allowing people with severe disabilities to control a motorized wheelchair using mouth and tongue gesture is presented. The development of the proposed system consists of three principal phases: the first phase is mouth detection which performed by using haar cascade to detect the face area and template matching to detect mouth and tongue gestures from the lower face region. The second phase is command extraction; it is carried by determining the mouth and tongue gesture commands according to the detected gesture, the time taken to execute the gestures, and the previous command which is stored in each frame. Finally, the gesture commands are sent to the wheelchair as instruction using the Bluetooth serial port. The hardware used for this project were; laptop with universal serial bus (USB) webcam as a vision-based control unit, Bluetooth module to receive instructions comes from the vision control unit, standard joystick used in case of emergency, joystick emulator which delivers to the control board signals similar to the signals that are usually generated by the standard joystick, and ultrasonic sensors to provide safe navigation. The experimental results showed the success of the proposed control system based on mouth and tongue gestures.
Enhancement of digital chest images using a modified Sobel edge detection algorithm
Authors: N. Archana J. , P. Aishwarya , Joseph Hanson
Published: December 2021

Computed tomography (CT) images are an essential factor in the diagnosing procedure for various diseases affecting the internal organs. Edge detection can be used for the appropriate enhancement of the lung CT scan images for the diagnosis of the various interstitial lung diseases (ILD). In order to solve the issues of edge detection provided by the traditional Sobel operator, the paper proposes a Sobel 12D edge detection algorithm which uses the additional direction templates for the better identification of the edge details. First, the vertical and horizontal directions available in the traditional Sobel operator are extended to few more directions (a total of 12 directions) which enhances the edge extraction ability. Next part, compute the edge detected image using the Sobel 12D, Laplace, Prewitt, Robert’s Cross and Scharr operators for edge detection separately. It is followed by image fusion method which optimizes the edge detection by combining the edge detected images obtained using the Sobel 12D approach and the Laplace operator. The experimental results shows that the proposed algorithms generates a better detection of the edges than the other edge detection operators.