bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Peer Group Health Education terhadap Peningkatan Perilaku Personal Hygiene Siswa Sekolah Dasar Kota Makassar
Authors: Nur Nur Hamdani , Sudarman Sumardi
Published: July 2022

Penyakit yang berkaitan dengan personal hygiene seperti Diare dan Infeksi Kecacingan terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Pendidikan kesehatan tentang personal hygiene penting untuk siswa agar mereka mempunyai informasi dan pengetahuan yang benar tentang personal hygiene dan mendorong perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Peer Group Health Education dalam meningkatkan perilaku personal hygiene siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan metode analitik Quasi Experiment dengan rancangan Non Equivalent Control Group yang dilakukan di SD Inpres Borong Jambu I, SD Inpres Borong Jambu II, dan SD Inpres Borong Jambu III Kota Makassar dengan populasi seluruh siswa kelas V, dan VI. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 90 siswa yang diperoleh dengan teknik Proportional Sistematic Random Sampling dengan proporsi tiap kelas dari setiap sekolah yaitu kelas V sebanyak 15, dan Kelas VI sebanyak 15 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pemberian kuesioner pretest untuk menilai pengetahuan dan sikap siswa mengenai personal hygiene pada kelompok eksperimen pertama, dan kelompok kontrol. Selanjutnya dilakukan intervensi sesuai kelompok masing-masing. Penilaian posttest pada masing-masing kelompok dilakukan satu bulan setelah dilakukannya intervensi untuk menilai peningkatan pengetahuan siswa mengenai personal hygiene. Data yang terkumpul kemudian diolah dan dianalisis dengan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Paired T-test dengan bantuan SPSS. Intervensi pendidikan kesehatan dengan metode Peer Group Health Education menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap siswa mengenai personal hygiene. Rata-rata skor pengetahuan posttest (M=64,07; SD=7,473) lebih besar dari rata-rata skor pengetahuan pretest (M=47,00; SD=9,610), dan rata-rata skor sikap posttest (M=69,19; SD=5,490) lebih besar dari rata-rata skor sikap pretest (M=61,63; SD=4,260). Hasil uji statistik diperoleh nilai p value untuk pengetahuan dan sikap masing-masing yaitu 0,000 dan 0,000 (p<0,05). Demikian juga dengan intervensi penyuluhan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap siswa mengenai personal hygiene. Rata-rata skor pengetahuan posttest (M = 57,86; SD = 9,047) lebih besar dari rata-rata skor pengetahuan pretest (M=45,88; SD=5,223), dan rata-rata skor sikap posttest (M=65,31; SD=2,413) lebih besar dari rata-rata skor sikap pretest (M=61,59; SD=7,256). Hasil uji statistik diperoleh nilai p value masing-masing yaitu 0,000 dan 0,041 (p<0,05). Pendidikan kesehatan dengan metode Peer Group Health Education lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap siswa mengenai personal hygiene dibandingkan metode konvensional yaitu penyuluhan dengan metode ceramah.
El arte retornado. Eduardo Pisano en las postrimerías del exilio
Authors: Rodríguez de Rivera Jorge , Real López Inmaculada
Published: July 2022

El retorno de la colección de Eduardo Pisano procedente del exilio francés es el tema que aborda este artículo que propone estudiar el proceso de puesta en valor de su obra, tanto en Francia como en España. En el caso de esta última, se presta especial atención a las iniciativas de recuperación, así como el trabajo museológico de su legado, por tratarse de un artista desterrado que regresa a su tierra en busca del reencuentro.
PENGARUH EKSPOR, IMPOR, DAN GDP TERHADAP KURS DI INDONESIA TAHUN 1990 - 2019
Authors: Uktufia Muna , Septiani Yustirania
Published: July 2022

Indonesia is a country that is rich in natural resources, it should have a better international trade performance in increasing the exchange rate. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of exports, imports and GDP on the exchange rate in Indonesia in 1990-2019. The data used in this study is time series data for 1990-2019 obtained from the official website of the world bank and the Central Statistics Agency. This study uses ECM. This study analyzes the relationship between the long-term and short-term variables used. The estimation results from the cointegration equation show that in the long run Export, Import and GDP variables have a significant effect on the Exchange Rate in Indonesia.
Psychographic Factors of Millenial Consumers Influenced by MSMEs’ Traditional Food Product Purchase Decisions
Authors: Assegaf Safira , Irianto Heru , Mulya Handayani Sugiharti
Published: July 2022

The goal of this study was to see how psychographic elements from the millennial generation influenced MSMEs' purchasing decisions for traditional food products. Psychographic elements in this study were lifestyle, social class, consumer personality traits, and income. Knowing which of the four variables is the most influential is also important. The sample was taken using survey techniques, and the method employed in this study is descriptive. By purposefully selecting the sample requirements, the research location is Surakarta City. The 400-sample method of determining the sample. Residents of Surakarta aged 21 to 41 years are the sample criterion for the millennial generation. The data analysis approach, on the other hand, was SEM, which was examined with AMOS 22 software. The results of the SEM analysis suggest that the goodness of fit is generally good and may be deemed to meet the model fit, specifically CMIN/Df = 2.85; TLI= 0.97; CFI= 0.98; NFI= 0.97; IFI= 0.98; IFI= 0.98; RMSEA= 0.07; GFI = 0.95 AGFI 0.9. The model's estimation results show that lifestyle influences purchasing decisions (p= 0.00; cr= 5.463), social class influences purchasing decisions (p= 0.00; cr= 1.96) and consumer personality traits influence purchasing decisions (p= 0,00; cr= 13,019), and income influences purchasing decisions (p= 0,00; cr= 12,195). The results of earlier studies are typically supported by the relationship between the variables in this study's structural equation model. The consumer personality character variable has the biggest influence (p = 0.00; cr = 13, 019) on the decision to buy traditional food goods from MSMEs (p = 0.00; cr = 13, 019).
DETERMINATION OF THE LEVEL OF RISKS IN INVESTMENT PROJECTS USING ECONOMETRIC MODEL
Authors: Baxriddin Jurayevich Mahmudov , Bahromjon Ibroximovich Rakhimov
Published: July 2022

Particular study of the effective use of investments, including foreign investments, on technical and technological modernization of enterprises and diversification of products in the conditions of modernization of the economy, ensuring the competitiveness of manufactured products and services in the world market is one of the most important tasks of today. Today, further reforming and liberalizing the Uzbek economy should accelerate the improvement of the investment climate in the industrial sector, especially with the development of the private sector.
ORGANIZATION OF CREDIT OBLIGATIONS AND MONITORING OF COMMERCIAL BANKS
Authors: Baxriddin Jurayevich Mahmudov , Mukhtasar Fazliddin qizi Abdurakhmanova
Published: July 2022

Stability of the socio-economic conditions in the country, the rule of law, the size of the domestic market, rich natural resources, high intellectual potential, stability of the banking and financial system, development of infrastructure and logistics, flexibility of tax policy, participation of foreign investors in the privatization process, foreign capital privileges and preferences, such as the provision of additional facilities to the enterprises with the participation of foreign investors it serves as an important decision in favor of Development and strengthening of the banking system has always been in the focus of our attention, and this is giving its positive results. The country's banking system demonstrates stability and stability. This is explained by the high level of reliability of banks and the lack of reliance on foreign sources of financing, and the negative impact of external shocks. Investment activity of commercial banks is increasing. More than 75% of commercial banks' investments are long-term investment loans for over three years. In general, it should be noted that over the past ten years, lending by the banks to the real sector of the economy has increased 7 times. The unconventional approach to transfer the economically insolvent enterprises to the balance sheets of the banks has justified and proved effective. At present, out of 164 bankrupt enterprises transferred to the banks, 156 have fully restored their production activity, 110 have been sold to new investors. Commercial banks invested 275 billion soums in the technical re-equipment and modernization of such enterprises, resulting in over 22,000 jobs. The role of banks is particularly important in their investment policies for modernization, technical and technological re-equipment of leading sectors of the economy, housing construction, transport and infrastructure communications development. In this regard, commercial banks of the country have problems with the mechanism of lending, monitoring and repayment of loans and the need to develop scientific proposals and practical recommendations aimed at solving these problems.
INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH FROM LEGAL ENVIRONMENT: EMPIRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Nargiza Rabimovna Fayzieva
Published: July 2022

The following is an econometric analysis of corporation income tax and its impact on the country’s GDP. An analysis of the literature on the topic is first followed by the results of an empirical analysis. According to the results of the study, the short-term impact of corporation income tax on economic growth is high. All the results are obtained at the end of the work.
E-ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM FOR EFFECTIVITY SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION IN PANDEMIC COVID-19 ERA
Authors: Setyawan Bagus Wahyu
Published: July 2022

The existence of internet in modern era makes society easy to do their activities. All aspect of human life is based on online or connected to internet. The development of e-administration in school administration is one of them. This study was descriptive qualitative which aims to describe and to explain school administration concept based online to ease school management in digital era. Source of data divided into two, including document and informants referring to education expert, education implementer unit and society as education user. Technique of collecting the data were content analysis and in-depth interview. Triangulation of source of data technique were used to validate the data. The result shows that there are some school administration system based online to ease school administration process. They are school registration based online (e-registration), school payment based online integrated with certain bank account (e-school payment), teaching journal based online (e-journal), and student achievement report based online (e-raport). Besides, school is also facilitated by school administrator which can be contacted via whatsapp and telegram applications to ease education user on asking for information about school and education
TESTING THE MOVING AVERAGE CONVERGENCE DIVERGENCE RULES USING SUCORINVEST SHARIA EQUITY FUND
Authors: MANUNGGAL BAGUS , PRIAMBODO P.S. YUDI
Published: July 2022

The article testing Moving Average Convergence Divergence on Sucorinvest Sharia Equity Fund. We set MACD using 60-periode for fast EMA, 130-periode for slow EMA, and 45-periode for Signal. The rule is histogram of MACD crosses zero line from below indicate buy signal and corsses zero line from above indicate sell signal. We use 8-year data from pusatdata.kontan.co.id. The result is MACD rule generate more profit than buy-and-hold strategy.
DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE MONITORING OF COMMERCIAL BANKS' LOAN COMMITMENTS
Authors: Bakhriddin Juraevich Maxmudov , Mansurjon Mardonakulovich Bustonov , Bahromjon Ibroximovich Rakhimov
Published: July 2022

Today, the growth of lending in the country is mainly due to the financing of investment projects of state programs for the development of the sector and territories, lending to small businesses and private entrepreneurship, and supporting the people who start their business. First of all, we need to create an effective system of credit and investments from abroad, learn how to use each loan accurately. The time has come for this issue to be seven-dimensional, once-cut, and carefully thought through. ”It is well-known that worldwide Doing Business research and valuation make a significant contribution to the development of countries, including enhancing the business and competitive environment, serving as a "reliable bridge" for investors and countries seeking them
DIRECTIONS FOR ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY ON THE BASIS OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Avazov Nuriddin
Published: July 2022

This article analyzes the directions of economic security. In order to ensure economic security, economic security indicators must be within the established limits. The analysis was based on international experience. In international experience, the two largest economies in the world, the United States and the Russian Federation, have considered models for economic security. Based on the analysis, a modern approach to economic security has been proposed.
ELECTRONIC AUDIO READING AID LECTURE (E-ARAL)
Authors: DAYAG FELY
Published: July 2022

This study determined the effectiveness of the Electronic Audio Reading Aid Lecture (E-ARAL) in the subject Reading and Analysis of Various Texts towards Research. This study addressed the Republic Act 10533 which encourages the development and reproduction of instructional materials. This study used a pre-test-post-test design. The respondents are chosen purposively with a grade of 79 and below and divided into two groups the control and experimental group. The control group used the traditional method and the experimental group used the intervention E-ARAL in teaching the lesson. The mean score of the pre-test and post-test of the two groups are both analyzed to determine their significant differences. In conclusion, the utilization of traditional teaching and the intervention E-ARAL are both effective in teaching the subject, but the intervention E-ARAL is more effective because of the higher mastery level results. Lastly, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups.
TRANSFORMATIVE PEDAGOGY IN PRESENT AND SUBSEQUENT SOCIAL CHANGE
Authors: Afriadi Bambang , Kaswati Ryka , Tjalla Awaluddin , Sutisna Anan
Published: July 2022

Education is one of the critical areas in the development of the country. Education is an essential instrument for bringing about a social revolution, and the attachment of education to social change will successfully refer to ideas. Education is changing the way traditions look and approach social issues. Compiling this article using the systematic review method is a comprehensive review of labor-intensive activities. It may require evaluating hundreds of articles before identifying studies that meet the specified eligibility criteria. The result of the systematic review method that transformative  education empowers teachers and learners, namely encouraging teachers and learners to become reflective and critical thinkers who can make meaningful contributions as members of local and global communities
Controle de Acesso Físico com Data Logger na Nuvem
Authors: Pereira Junior Paulo Tadeu , de Siqueira Mozart Lemos
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho propõe a montagem de um protótipo leitor RFID com conectividade com a internet e registros em base de dados na nuvem, comparando suas vantagens aos dispositivos comerciais do tipo standalone, tendo o objetivo em controlar acesso físico. As tecnologias envolvidas no estudo são relevantes porque permitem aplicação não só na proposta, mas também em diferentes oportunidades de automação em ambientes residenciais, comerciais e industriais.
Programação Padronizada com Alta Flexibilidade de Configuração
Authors: Dotto Mateus Eduardo , Riva Aline Duarte
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho trata do desenvolvimento de um software capaz de auxiliar na programação de programas em geral ao possibilitar que programadores criem e definem padrões e modelos de código a serem gerados dinamicamente com a existência de trechos de código variáveis com o intuito de agilizar o processo de desenvolvimento.
Impressions matter more than privacy: The moderating roles of affordances in the relation between social anxiety and online safety-seeking behaviors
Authors: Yin Xue-Qin , Scherr Sebastian , Jin Lin , Gaskin James , Wang Jin-Liang
Published: July 2022

Though socially anxious individuals tend to seek safety, little is known about whether this relationship depends on context, including the affordances of social networking sites (SNSs) to provide anonymity and publicness, and whether safety-seeking can be explained by impression management, privacy calculus or both. Based on the psychobiological model of social anxiety, we conducted two studies (Study 1: N = 103, Study 2: N = 1,184) to examine the contextual dependence of safety-seeking behaviors and to disentangle which types of concerns mediate the effect of social anxiety on safety-seeking behaviors. Results indicated that socially anxious individuals tend to seek safety on SNSs, and this tendency is stronger in less anonymous SNSs. Both evaluative concerns and privacy concerns mediate the relation between social anxiety and safety-seeking behaviors, while the indirect effect of evaluative concerns is stronger than that of privacy. Publicness of an SNS strengthened these indirect effects. These findings highlight the importance of safety perceptions in different online environments, and thereby enrich the literature related to social anxiety and social media use.
Právo na přístup k internetu: současný postoj Organizace spojených národů a Evropské unie
Authors: Prucková Michaela
Published: July 2022

Dopad internetu na vykonávání lidských práv je nesporný. Představuje nástroj a platformu, skrz kterou jsou uplatňována některá z práv, jež nazýváme jako základní lidská práva (např. právo na informace, svobodu projevu, právo na vzdělání). Příspěvek se věnuje tématu práva na přístup k internetu, které zužuje na dvě jednotky (mezinárodní a nadnárodní) a lidsko-právní kontext. Jeho cílem je určit, jakou pozici zaujímá právo na přístup k internetu na úrovni těchto jednotek ve vztahu k základním lidským právům.
Predictors of depression, anxiety and stress during the first wave of the covid-19 pandemic: The results of an online survey in Serbia
Authors: Opanković Ana , Latas Milan , Ristić Ivan , Jerotić Stefan , Bukumirić Zoran , Lalović Nikola , Milovanović Srđan
Published: July 2022

Background: The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental health of population worldwide. Aim: Assessment of risk factors for symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An online survey including 161 participants was conducted in a population of both healthy participants and people who tested positive to COVID-19. The survey collected sociodemographic data, knowledge about the pandemic, psychological impact, and mental health status of the participants. The psychological impact on mental health status was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors that increased the likelihood of having symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Results: A total of 63.8 % of participants showed symptoms of anxiety, with 31.6% showing moderate symptoms of anxiety. Symptoms of depression were found in 44.1% of the sample, with 23.7% showing moderate symptoms of depression, according to DASS-21 cut-off criteria. No mental health history, a positive test for COVID-19, physical health status, and time point of assessment were the most significant factors predicting symptoms of depression. In relation to symptoms of anxiety, we observed the importance of physical health, having offspring and testing positive for COVID-19, and being male. Factors that influenced higher degrees of stress were: testing positive for COVID-19, special nutrition, having offspring and being of low physical health. Conclusion: Our study indicates that, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia several factors could be important for the development of stress, depression, and anxiety and can be used as a basis for larger, population-based studies. Based on such future studies, evidence-based preventive mental health measures could be implemented in Serbia.
Recommendations for antibiotic therapy in the acute otitis treatment
Authors: Pavlović Bojan
Published: July 2022

Acute otitis media (AOM) is a very common disease, especially in childhood. It is the most common individual diagnosis associated with prescribing antibiotic therapy, which is why all doctors who deal with the treatment of this disease have important recommendations and guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. These are reviews and recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of AOM. The most common bacterial pathogens are Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis. The use of antipneumococcal vaccine has led to a reduction in the incidence of pneumococcal otitis. About 30% of AOM is caused by viruses. Recommendations for the choice of first-line antibiotics are amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate.
Socio-legal aspects and ethics of parenthood in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Grbić Ana , Tankosić Mirjana
Published: July 2022

Faced with the fact that natural increase in the Republic of Serbia is in continuous decline, fulfillment in the role of parents is undoubtedly of great importance, both for individuals who takes one of the most responsible roles during life, and for specific society and future generations. Parental law as a system of duties arising from it, form a wide range of social and legal determinants of the future of parents and are correlated with the rights of the child. In this paper, using the method of survey research of a sample of parents, we have presented the most important social conditions whose satisfaction is the norm for the child birth and child upbringing. As the natural increase has significant deviations according to the regions, individual activities at the level of the most endangered local self-government units are the only way for the society to invest in the development of offspring and timely preservation of parental rights, primarily caring for the child's personality. Child birth and parenthood are not only a private matter of an individual, but it is in the interest of society to conduct population policy in accordance with the needs of a particular society. In this way, the chain of human social reproduction is maintained, which is always subject to normative regulation (both legal and moral).
Personal rights and author's rights on the internet
Authors: Nikolova Marković
Published: July 2022

In this scientific paper, an analysis of the ways of realization and protecting personal rights and author's rights on the Internet has been done. During the research and development of the scientific paper, the methods of analysis and the inductive-deductive method were used. The rapid spread of digital communication technology has caused profound social changes and disturbances. Thanks to their rapid and unpredictable development at the global level, certain phenomena that were unthinkable in the past are common today and pose a great challenge for individuals and companies, as well as for countries. The emergence of the Internet and digital technology has also changed the way personal rights and author's rights are achieved and violated. The author came to the conclusion that the age of digital technology and the Internet has a strong impact on personal rights and author's rights, as well as on the already established legal framework for their protection, both locally and internationally.
Emotional competences of teachers in preschool facilities
Authors: Milojević Miloš
Published: July 2022

Preschool teachers have an important role in child development, considering that, in addition to parents, they are very influential persons who are in continuous contact with children, represent an authority and model children's behavior. Knowledge, skills, and abilities, but also character traits of the teacher (competence), are therefore very important, which is why this paper focuses on the competence of teachers in preschool facilities, with a special accent on their emotional competence, which, as the most important aspect, include recognizing emotions and impulse control in yourself and others. The goal of this research is to determine the development level of teachers' emotional competence. The research encompasses 108 teachers, and the questioning was done using an assessment scale which, using grades 1 to 5, assesses the level of agreement with claims devised based on the theory concept by Suzic (2004). The results of the research have shown that the younger teachers (by age and job experience) have scored higher on the instrument compared to older teachers, on almost all subscales (except recognizing your own and others' emotions as well as confidence). This data show that younger teachers assess their own emotional competencies as better developed compared to older teachers. Based on this data, certain recommendations were derived for further research and pedagogic practice.
Metallogeny of the Ljubija ore region
Authors: Grubić Aleksandar , Milošević Aleksej , Cvijić Ranko , Čelebić Miodrag , Vuković Boško
Published: July 2022

The Ljubija ore region is a part of the Triassic, regional, internal metallogenetic zone of the Middle Dinarides. It is located approximately in the middle of this larger metallogenetic unit and has many characteristics in common with its other parts. After many wanderings in the interpretation of the genesis of iron ore in Ljubija, it was definitely determined that the metallogeny of iron is of the Triassic age, then, that it is associated with the deep rift dislocations, which allowed the circulation of hydrothermal solutions originating from the Upper mantle, that the primary economic concentrations of iron are found only in the Olistostromic member of the Javorik flysch formation and the secondary ones, redeposited in the Neogene-Quaternary lake sediments of the Prijedor-Omarska basin. Based on the distribution of mineralization in the Ljubija ore region, two ore subregions, one polymetallic ore zone and a group of ore fields with barite, were identified. All the above knowledge, along with the analysis of control factors of mineralization and the main prospective indications, enabled the division of entire region into areas with various categories of perspectives according to the justification of further research. Based on the results of many years of research, this work presents the results of metallogenetic analysis of the Ljubija ore region. All results of the future research should continuously supplement, correct and improve the metallogenetic and prognostic map and our metallogenetic knowledge about the region.
Application of UBC methodology for underground mining method selection
Authors: Mijalkovski Stojanče , Despodov Zoran , Mirakovski Dejan , Adjiski Vančo , Doneva Nikolinka
Published: July 2022

The total operating costs of each mine largely depend on the method of mining. Therefore, the appropriate choice of the method of mining excavation is very important and great attention is paid to this issue. There are several procedures for the selection of the mining method, among which the most important and most commonly used numerical method is the UBC methodology for the selection of the mining method. According to this methodology, the choice of the method of mining excavation is based on the mining-geological parameters of the ore and adjacent rocks. In this paper, the UBC methodology for the selection of the mining excavation method for a specific case will be applied. According to this methodology, it was obtained that Cut and Fill method is best ranked for specific conditions and the most appropriate way of mining.
Original scientific paper examination of influence sintering temperature on mineral compounds
Authors: Đorđević Nataša , Mihajlović Slavica
Published: July 2022

Mineral materials, such as corundum, quartz and periclase are very often used in technological processes. Due to its characteristics, and chemical reaction in solid state, these minerals form very interesting and useful material, cordierite. The mineral ratio in this compound (MgO : Al2O3 : SiO2) is 2:2:5. They form cordierite, electronic ceramic, which can be sintered in a narrow temperature range, at about 1375 °C. Composition of this electronic ceramics material is is 2MgO-2Al2O3-5SiO2 (MAS) and in this research 20% mass Bi2O3 was added in the aim of decrease the sintering temperature. The effects of sintering, the composition and morphology were followed by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and EDS analysis, as a function of sintering temperature. MAS ceramics were sintered at 1000ºC, 1100ºC and 1200ºC.
Analysis of energy of different olive cultivation systems in a semiarid region
Authors: Ozpinar Sakine
Published: July 2022

The objective of this study was to determine the input-output energy of olive cultivation in a semiarid region of Çanakkale, Republic of Turkey. Data were collected from olive farmers by a questionnaire for traditional-flat/sloping and intensive-flat systems in last growing season. The results revealed that net energy gain was higher in intensive system than in traditional flat and sloping ones. Similarly, energy ratio was higher in intensive by 1.46 MJ ha-1 than in sloping and flat of traditional by 1.42 and 1.38 MJ ha-1 , respectively. The highest energy productivity was recorded in the intensive (0.93 MJ ha-1), but the lowest was in the traditional-sloping (0.75 MJ ha-1), and then in the traditional-flat (0.92 MJ ha-1). Indeed, the intensive system produced higher olive yields which allow using a higher level of fertilizer, water and mechanization, but also the energy analysis revealed that its efficiency in the energy was higher than two traditional systems. The results suggested that intensive system could be a better cultivation system in flat areas for the region farmers in an increasingly competitive without worsening environmental sustainability.
Sobre la cuestión del método en Marx
Authors: Ruiz Sanjuán César
Published: July 2022

En este trabajo examinamos los aspectos fundamentales del libro de Carlos Fernández Liria Marx 1857. El problema del método y la dialéctica (Madrid, Akal, 2019). En él lleva a cabo el autor un análisis pormenorizado del texto de Marx conocido generalmente como Introducción de 1857, que contiene su reflexión más amplia y exhaustiva sobre la cuestión del método. El modo de articulación de lo abstracto y lo concreto o la relación entre el orden epistemológico y el orden histórico que se plantean en este texto han sido objeto de las más diversas interpretaciones dentro del marxismo, muchas de ellas incompatibles entre sí. El análisis que realiza Fernández Liria no sólo establece la coherencia de los distintos planteamientos que se presentan en el texto, poniendo de manifiesto en base a ello los elementos fundamentales de la concepción del método de Marx, sino que muestra asimismo la diferencia irreductible que la separa de las concepciones historicistas que han dominado en el marxismo, así como la inviabilidad de la interpretación de la dialéctica que sostienen estas concepciones.
Board competences and CSR reporting: the moderating role of CEO power
Authors: Gallego-Álvarez Isabel , Pucheta-Martínez María-Consuelo
Published: July 2022

Studies addressing the impact of board capabilities on CSR reporting are scarce. The aim of this research is to provide further evidence of the impact that certain board capabilities, such as board specific skills, board tenure and board cultural diversity have on CSR disclosure. Additionally, the moderating impact of CEO power on the association between these three board competences and CSR reporting is examined. The paper draws on resource dependence theory and agency theory, which are highly relevant in analysing how board competence influences CSR disclosure. The findings show that board specific skills, board tenure and board cultural diversity have a positive effect on the disclosure of CSR information. Moreover, our evidence also shows that CEOs with greater power can negatively moderate the positive effect of the three board competences considered on CSR reporting.

Los estudios que abordan el impacto de las capacidades del consejo de administración en la información sobre RSE son escasos. El objetivo de esta investigación es proporcionar más pruebas del impacto que tienen ciertas capacidades del consejo de administración en la divulgación de la RSC, como son las habilidades específicas del consejo, la permanencia en el cargo y la diversidad cultural del consejo. Además, se examina el impacto moderador del poder del CEO en la asociación entre estas tres competencias del consejo y la información sobre RSC. El artículo se basa en la teoría de la dependencia de los recursos y en la teoría de la agencia, que son muy pertinentes para analizar cómo las competencias del consejo de administración influyen en la divulgación de la RSE. Los resultados muestran que las competencias específicas del consejo, la permanencia en el cargo y la diversidad cultural del consejo tienen un efecto positivo en la divulgación de información sobre RSE. Además, nuestros datos también muestran que los consejeros delegados con mayor poder pueden moderar negativamente el efecto positivo de las tres competencias del consejo consideradas sobre la información de RSC.
Capital markets and valuation models of investment properties. A pre and post crisis analysis
Authors: Horno-Bueno María Paz , Licerán-Gutiérrez Ana , Bautista-Mesa Rafael
Published: July 2022

This work analyses the effect of the fair value and historical cost models, optionally applicable under IAS 40 for investment properties on the market value of Spanish groups of real estate listed companies between 2005 and 2018. The results of the application of the Ohlson Model do not suggest any relationship of financial information with the market value in the pre-crisis and economic crisis periods. However, in the post-crisis period, financial information represented by book value gains relevance, showing a significant positive relationship with the market value of real estate companies, although suggesting a reduction in the asymmetry of financial information in companies using the fair value method.

Este trabajo analiza el efecto de los modelos de valor razonable y coste histórico, aplicables opcionalmente según la NIC 40 para las inversiones inmobiliarias, sobre el valor de mercado de los grupos inmobiliarios cotizados españoles entre 2005 y 2018. Los resultados de la aplicación del Modelo de Ohlson no sugieren relación alguna de la información financiera con el valor de cotización en los períodos de pre-crisis y crisis económica. Sin embargo, en el período post-crisis, la información financiera representada por el valor en libros gana en relevancia, mostrando una relación positiva significativa con el valor de mercado de las empresas inmobiliarias, aunque sugiriendo una reducción en la asimetría de la información financiera en las empresas que utilizan el método del valor razonable.
CAREER COSTS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: CRITICAL INFORMATION FOR DECISION MAKING
Authors: VARELA LASO RODRIGO , NERIZ LILIANA , Núñez Mondaca Alicia , RAMIS LANYON FRANCISCO , HOLLANDER REINER
Published: July 2022

El modelo de asignación de costes de Varela-Laso et al. [1] fue aplicado en una facultad de una Universidad pública chilena. El modelo propuesto es una adaptación al sistema de costeo basado en actividades (ABC) presentado por Kaplan y Cooper [2] que considera en una primera etapa la identificación de objetos de costes intermedios, correspondientes a los diversos resultados de la gestión universitaria: docencia de pregrado, docencia de postgrado, investigación, administración académica, perfeccionamiento, entre otros.
PREDICTION OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA USING MULTI CLASS CLASSIFIERS BY INCORPORATING WAVELET TRANSFORM BASED FEATURES
Authors: SATHYAMANGALAM   NATARAJAN SHIVAPPRIYA , SHANMUGAM ARUN KUMAR , HEMANTH DURAISAMY JUDE , RAJAGURU HARIKUMAR
Published: July 2022

Timely diagnosis and earlier detection of the dangerous heart conditions will reduce the mortality rate and save life of the patient. For that, it is necessary to automate the classi?cation and prediction of Cardiac Arrhythmia. Raw ECG signal is extracted from the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database, followed by preprocessing and feature extraction using wavelet transform method. Further the extracted features are used for the classification of four different cardiac arrhythmias such as Bradycardia, Tachycardia, Left and Right Bundle Branch Block. Comparative study on the five different classifiers namely Decision trees, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Discriminant Analysis, k-Nearest Neighbor Classifiers (KNN), Ensemble Classifiers, and its variants are experimented in the proposed work. Among these, the weighted KNN classifier gives higher accuracy (90.3%) and prediction speed (10,000 observations per second) with reduced training time (4.329 seconds), compared with the existing state of the art methods. The prediction speed is 10,000 numbers of observations per second which identifies the heart problem earlier, and so appropriate treatment can be given to the patient. To further improve the classification accuracy, three optimizable classifiers namely Optimizable KNN, optimizable SVM, optimizable ensemble are used for the hyper parameter tunning and weight optimization. The optimizable SVM provides better perform (accuracy 93.4 %) among the three optimizable classifiers as well as the existing state of the art works. Therefore, the proposed work used for earlier Cardiac arrhythmia disease diagnosis and prognosis.
Keywords: ECG, Cardiac Arrhythmia, Wavelet Transform, Multi class Classifiers, Decision trees, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Discriminant Analysis, k-Nearest Neighbor Classifiers, Ensemble Classifiers, Optimizable classifier.
IS LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS AN ALTERNATIVE TO NON-ELECTRIFIED RAIL TRACTION?
Authors: LUQUE RODRÍGUEZ PABLO , ÁLVAREZ MÁNTARAS DANIEL , SANCHEZ RAMOS LUCIANO
Published: July 2022

In order to reduce the environmental impact of fossil fuel consumption, the rail transport sector is analysing various alternatives for non-electrified lines. As an alternative to diesel, this study analyses the use of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) in rail traction. A predictive model is developed that estimates emissions on different routes. The model is fitted with real data obtained in pilot tests. In these tests, a train with two engines, one diesel and one LNG, was used. The methodology is applied to assess the impact on consumption and emissions of the two fuels on a narrow-gauge commuter line. A significant improvement is observed in some indicators, while in others the differences are minor. The conclusions that can be drawn are that operational CO2 (greenhouse gas) emissions are lower in the LNG engine than in the diesel engine; CO emissions are lower in the diesel engine and emissions of other pollutants (nitrogen oxide and particulate matter) are higher in the diesel engine by several orders of magnitude.

Keywords: Alternative fuel; Liquefied Natural Gas; Energy consumption; Emissions; Railways
NATURAL VENTILATION AS PROTECTION AGAINST PANDEMICS
Authors: FRANQUELO SOLER JUAN , BLÁZQUEZ PARRA ELIDIA BEATRIZ , DE COZAR MACIAS OSCAR , MARIN GRANADOS MANUEL DAMIAN , SOTO LARA FRANCISCO JAVIER
Published: July 2022

Natural ventilation is one of the most suitable and sustainable means against COVID-19 in confined spaces, where social distancing reduces the possible cross transmission of the virus between humans.
MECHANICAL IMPROVEMENT OF HARDENING AND TEMPERING STEEL WITH THE ADDITION OF SiC AND TiCN NANOPARTICLES IN THE STEEL MELT
Authors: CALLEJO PIEDRA LORENA , PEREZ BILBAO IÑAKI
Published: July 2022

Novel processing technologies have allowed the reinforcement of several steel grades and alloys through the fine dispersion of different types of particles. However, the addition of ceramic particles in the steel melt causes agglomeration and coarsening phenomena. For this reason, little research has been carried out to add ceramic particles in steel in the traditional steelmaking process.
Here we report a hardened and tempered steel grade that is reinforced for the first time through the addition of ceramic nanoparticles, such as TiCN and SiC, into the steel melt at laboratory scale. The results obtained from the tensile tests and hardness measurements reveal the mechanical behaviour of the steel grade is enhanced after the addition of the nanoparticles.

KEYWORDS: Hardened and tempered steel; Nanoparticle; Laboratory scale casting; Microstructure; Grain refinement; Solid solution hardening; Mechanical properties
ADVANCES AND CHALLENGES OF THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY: DRIVING TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY
Authors: JIMENEZ JIMENEZ MARIA DEL AMOR , GESSA PERERA ANA , SANCHA DIONISIO MARIA DEL PILAR
Published: July 2022

The digital transformation of the automobile industry linked with the new challenges of sustainable mobility, is generating important changes in the business models of automobile groups. The constant efforts to innovate in its vehicles and offer services associated with them are essential to guarantee its own sustainability. Automation, connectivity, electrification and shared mobility (ACES) are the four technological drivers of this sector and have been taken as a reference in this research to examine and learn how the main European automobile groups are addressing the global challenges associated with them. It is of special interest to offer this compilation of information that allows obtaining a current and well-founded vision of the advances in the sector, giving visibility to the commitment, effort and performance that these companies are carrying out. Likewise, the results obtained show different levels of integration and progress of the ACES factors in the automobile companies studied.
DESIGN OF GEAR REDUCER FOR VEHICLE POWERED BY IN-WHEEL ELECTRIC MOTOR
Authors: PEDRERO MOYA JOSE IGNACIO , VICENTE GONZALEZ ELENA , ANEAS  MORENO EDGAR
Published: July 2022

Electric vehicles with cleaner, cheaper, and more efficient powertrain technologies are being developed by the automotive industry to reduce emissions and make cities more liveable. This imposes weight and size restrictions on the electric powertrain to lower the energy consumption, to leave enough room for the batteries, and to minimize the unsprung mass, in the case of vehicles driven by in-wheel electric motors. This paper presents the design of gear reducer for in-wheel electric motor as small and light as possible.
TEMPERATURE CONTROL IN AN EVAPORATOR APPLYING RISK-SENSITIVE CONTROL
Authors: MARTINEZ FLORES MIRNA MARICELA , Alcorta García María Aracelia , MENDEZ DIAZ SANTOS , SAENZ  ESQUEDA JOSE ARMANDO , MENDEZ GERARDO MAXIMILIANO , ELIZONDO VILLAREAL NORA
Published: July 2022

This work designs a stochastic model of an evaporator of a refrigeration system, subject to specific conditions, applying the Risk-Sensitive (R-S) stochastic control equations with tracking, to control the evaporator temperature achieving great energy savings, where the actuator is the expansion valve (EEV).
USE OF POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE FIBERS (PET) FOR EROSION PROTECTION ON SLOPES
Authors: HERNANDEZ VALERIO CAROLINA , BOTERO JARAMILLO EDUARDO , OSSA LOPEZ ALEXANDRA
Published: July 2022

Landslides constitute one of the biggest problems in the construction of slopes, which can be caused by various factors such as climatic changes, mechanical properties of the constituent soils, the increase in the inclination of the slope, the height of the slope, forces of seepage, earthquakes, gravitational forces and acting stress states. Some methods to prevent infiltration, erosion and reinforce the surface of the slope consist of covering the surface with synthetic materials, vegetation and modified soils, among others.
THE ELECTRIC CAR: SUCCESS, DOWNFALL AND BOOM
Authors: SORLI PEÑA MIGUEL ANGEL , FERNANDEZ DE AGUIRRE GUANTES IGNACIO
Published: July 2022

It is commonly accepted that the vehicle that can be considered the first automobile with an internal combustion engine for personal use on land routes is the one found in the Mercedes-Benz Museum, a tricycle powered by a four-stroke engine, developed by Karl Benz in 1885 from an earlier two-stroke engine.
SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY. TRANSPORT DEMAND MANAGEMENT
Authors: BASOZABAL ZAMAKONA JOSE FELIX , SORLI PEÑA MIGUEL ANGEL
Published: July 2022

This article is based on the conference-debate organized last April 29, by the Basque Group of the Club of Rome given by José Félix Basozabal, naval engineer, expert in transport and public works linked to the Public Administration (Basque Government and Provincial Council of Bizkaia) from 1980 to 2018 in various positions related to transport, public works and environmental training.
STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR A CLASS OF PRODUCTION-INVENTORY SYSTEM SUBJECT TO REMANUFACTURING
Authors: DAVIZON CASTILLO YASSER , TABOADA JIMENEZ HEIDI , HERNANDEZ  SANTOS CARLOS , RODRIGUEZ SAID ALEJANDRO , GALLARDO MILLAN LUIS ALFREDO , MARQUEZ PACHECO HENRI , HI RIVERA ABRAHAM
Published: July 2022

This research work presents an optimal control approach for a class of sustainable production-inventory system (PI). Modeling, analysis, and control for a PI system are present. For systems modeling purposes, a mixed capacity/third order PI is to analyze, dynamic approaches for production-inventory systems which are valuable in order to maximize profits and minimize costs over the PI. Optimality, robustness, and stability are the top-level characteristics which encompass a suitable control. Optimal control formulation is conducted via Pontryagin maximum principle, with a present value-Hamiltonian approach (PVH)

Keywords: Mathematical modeling, Optimal control, Production-inventory systems, Resilience, Sustainability.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND FRAUDULENT ACTIONS IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: THE CASE OF HOTEL COMPANIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Milašinović Marko , Jovković Biljana , Dragičević Predrag
Published: July 2022

The quality of information presented in the financial statements of companies may be impaired due to fraudulent activities. One of the frequently used instruments that indicates that fraud has been committed in the financial statements is the Beneish M-score model. The purpose of the research is to examine the exposure of hotel companies in the Republic of Serbia to the risk of fraud in financial statements, as well as to determine whether there has been a change in that risk due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted on a sample of 100 randomly selected hotel companies, and their financial reports for 2019 and 2020 were observed. There was a high risk of fraud based on the recognition of costs of sales, management and administration, and borrowing in both observed years, as well as a high risk of fraud based on the recognition of income and gross margin index in 2020. Further, it was determined that in the year of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in the risk of fraud in the financial statements based on the gross margin index and recognition of selling, management and administration costs. Microenterprises are exposed to a higher risk of fraud based on the recognition of costs of sales, management and administration compared to medium-sized ones. Limited liability companies are more exposed to risk based on the recognition of sales revenue, accrual item and total risk (measured by the 8-variable model) compared to joint-stock companies. On the other hand, joint-stock companies are more exposed to the risk of fraud based on gross margin and general risk of fraud (measured by the 5-variable model) compared to limited liability companies.