bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HZ. EYYUB’UN HASTALIKLA İMTİHANI
Authors: ŞAHİN Resul
Published: December 2022

Kitab-ı Mukaddes’in bir bölümü olan Eyyub Kitabı’nda, Kur’an’da ise dört surede ve sekiz ayette Hz. Eyyub’dan bahsedilmektedir. O, gerek yakalandığı hastalık ve gerekse başına gelen belalara gösterdiği sabırla tüm insanlığa örnek olmuştur. Bu nedenle Kur’an’da övülmüştür.

Hz. Eyyub’un hastalığının çeşidi ile ilgili farklı şeyler söylenmiştir. Bunların bazıları, bir peygamberin görevini yapmasına engel teşkil eder. Bu da Hz. Eyyub’un peygamberlik görevini yerine getirmediği anlamına gelir ki, bu, bir peygambere yapılabilecek en büyük iftiradır. Evet, Eyyub (as) hastaydı. Birçok tefsirci ve İslam tarihçisinin de dediği gibi hastalığı içteydi ve büyük acı çekiyordu. Dış görünüşünde insanları tiksindirecek bir şey yoktu. Tebliğ görevine devam ediyordu. Nihayetinde dua ettiği ve bu hastalıktan kurtulup sıhhatine kavuştuğu, aile efradının bir misli fazlasıyla kendisine geri verildiğini Kur’an’dan öğrenmekteyiz.
DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIAN CAKE DIGITAL BOOK BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM FOR CULINARY EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Mutiara Erli , Anugerah Ajeng Inggit , Sutanti Siti , Humairah Erfiani
Published: December 2022

Digital books or commonly called E-Books which stands for Electronic Books are paperless books, where e-books are easily accessible through Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) or special bags made by information technology companies. This study uses a research and development (R&D) approach which is then adapted to the needs of researchers which includes six stages, namely (1) preliminary survey; (2) preparation of electronic teaching materials using the Kvisoft Flipbook Maker application, product design; (4) design validation;(5) design improvement; and (6) description of research results. The purpose of this research is to develop a digital book of Indonesian cakes based on local wisdom for culinary education students. Data collection techniques used expert validation questionnaires and small-scale trials. The results of the development of the textbook show that the average validation and test results are in the appropriate category for use with good predicates according to the table of eligibility criteria and product revisions.
KARAR VERME EĞİLİMLERİNDE ELEŞTİREL DÜŞÜNME BECERİSİNİN ETKİSİ
Authors: SUMER Serpil , MOLA Hilal
Published: December 2022

Karar verme sürecinde bireyler çeşitli eğilimlerin etkisi altında kalabilmektedirler. Özellikle bireyin vereceği karar risk veya belirsizlik içeriyorsa bireyin karar verme süreci daha zor hale gelmektedir. Eleştirel düşünme becerisi yüksek olan birey edindiği bilgiyi analiz edip değerlendirerek diğer sahip olduğu ya da edinmiş olduğu bilgilerle sentezleyebilecektir. Böylece bireyin belirsizlik içeren ve riskli durumlarda karar verirken eğilimlerin etkisi altında kalmaması beklenmektedir. Bu beklentiden hareketle bu çalışmanın amacı, karar verme eğilimlerinde eleştirel düşünme becerilerinin etkisini lisans öğrencileri düzeyinde incelemektir. Bu amaçla literatürde var olan karar verme eğilim soruları ile eleştirel düşünme ölçeğinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın tamamlanması için Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Etik Kurul Başkanlığı’ndan 29.03.2022 tarihli E-88656144-000-2200099582 sayılı etik kurul belgesi alınmıştır. Lisans öğrencilerinden elde edilen veriler SPSS programında analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda eleştirel düşünme puanının yüksek ya da düşük olmasının cinsiyet açısından bir farklılık göstermediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların yaklaşık olarak %66’sının eleştirel düşünce puanı düşük çıkmıştır. Katılımcılar kendilerine yöneltilen karar verme ile ilgili sorularda eğilimlerin etkisi altında kalarak karar verdikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcıların eleştirel düşünme puanlarının düşük olması çalışma sonucunun nedeni olduğu düşünülmektedir.
GENÇLERDE SİYASAL DEĞERLER ÜZERİNDEN YAŞANAN AYRIŞMALAR
Authors: YILDIZ Mehmet Mazhar
Published: December 2022

Türkiye siyasal tarihi, geleneksel olduğu kadar geleneksel olmayan katılım şekillerinin de sıklıkla yaşandığı ve bunların geleceğe kalıcı hasarlar bıraktığı evrelere sahiptir. Bu evrelerde kişilerin geleneksel olmayan katılım şekillerine yönelme gerekçeleri farklılık gösterse de bunlar içerisinde mezhepsel, etnik ve ideolojik nedenlerin daha belirgin olduğu söylenebilir. Ayrıca diğer yaş gruplarının aksine özellikle gençlerin bu katılım biçimlerinde sıklıkla rol alması Türkiye siyasal tarihi içeresinde toplumsal ayrışmaların gençler üzerinden değerlendirilmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Çünkü gençler arasında ortaya çıkan siyasal farklılıklar geçmiş sosyo-politik düzenden beslendiği kadar geleceğin siyasal inşasını da derinden etkilemektedir. Diğer bir deyişle, gençlerin öznesi olduğu araştırmalar toplumsal yapının siyasal fay hatlarını daha anlaşılır kılmaktadır. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmada, Türkiye siyasal tarihinde gençlerin hangi değerler üzerinden ayrıştıkları ele alınarak mevcut toplumsal kutuplaşmaları besleyen nedenler sorgulanmaktadır.
Distribution and habitat of the Eurasian Treecreeper (Certhia familiaris) in Corsica
Authors: Thibault Jean-Claude , Torre Fabrice , Lepori Ludovic , Panaïotis Christophe , Pons Jean-Marc , Seguin Jean-François , Cibois Alice
Published: December 2022

The Eurasian Treecreeper is a forest bird distributed from South-Western Europe up to Northern Asia. Two phylogenetic groups have been recently identified within this species, one restricted to Corsica Island (Mediterranean) and the Caucasus region, the other distributed over most of Eurasia and in Northern Asia. Little is known on the natural history of the Corsican population. We present here new comprehensive data on its distribution and habitat. The Eurasian Treecreeper is found from sea level to the upper limit of the forest but absent from the treeless macchia, a dominant vegetation in Corsica. Breeding occurs in a variety of tree species with a strong preference for mature stands and large trees. Its preferred habitat consists of old stands of Corsican Pines and of Sweet Chestnuts, although they are not the commonest tree species in Corsica. The current decline of Sweet Chestnut orchards confers a particular importance to the future preservation of mature stands of Corsican Pine, a patrimonial habitat of great value hosting several endemic bird taxa.
Chick survival in a high-density Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) population on the river islets of the middle Pripyat River, Belarus
Authors: Pilacka Lucyna , Neubauer Grzegorz , Karlionova Natali , Pinchuk Pavel , Meissner Włodzimierz
Published: December 2022

The field studies were conducted in three ephemeral river islets of the middle Pripyat River, southern Belarus in 2006–2007. Nestlings of the Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) were ringed soon after hatching, and reencountered during subsequent visits. Post-hatching survival was estimated by capture-mark-recapture models. Daily survival rates of the Northern Lapwing chicks were very high, varying between 0.90 and 0.99, and the cumulative survival rates over 35 days between hatching and fledging were 0.54 and 0.70 in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Survival rate was lower in the first ten days of life, which is similar to that reported in other precocial species. The key factor supporting this high breeding success is low predation due to nesting of lapwings on periodic river islets that naturally restrict access by mammalian predators and apparent scarcity of terrestrial and avian predators. River islet habitats with co-occurrence of dry and wet fertile microhabitats provide optimum feeding conditions for the Lapwing chicks with a wide range of aquatic, ground and surface invertebrates. Moreover, semicolonial breeding of the Northern Lapwing (about 30 nests/ha) with other waders, terns and gulls increases the effectiveness of anti-predator behaviour. Consequently as a result of low predation pressure and good foraging conditions, in 2006 and 2007, productivity was 2.1 and 2.8 fledged young per single nest with four chicks respectively, a value hardly reported in Europe, except in managed sites.
Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Ampas Tahu Terhadap Kadar Protein Bolu Batik Kukus
Authors: Rizkiyani Sari Salsabila , Wadli  , D Yan El Unzilatirrizqi
Published: December 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung ampas tahu terhadap kadar protein bolu batik kukus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode kuantitatif eksperimen dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL)  non-faktorial yaitu perbandingan penambahan tepung ampas tahu : tepung terigu dengan konsentrasi (0% : 100%), (35% : 65%), (40% : 60%), dan (45% : 55%). Parameter yang diukur yaitu kadar protein bolu batik kukus. Data diolah menggunakan uji one way ANOVA, dan apabila berpengaruh nyata dilanjutkan pada uji lanjut duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan tepung ampas tahu pada bolu batik kukus berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar protein bolu. Hasil tertinggi kadar protein bolu batik kukus yaitu P3 dengan nilai 9,088%, sedangkan kadar protein terendah terdapat pada perlakuan P0 tanpa penambahan tepung ampas tahu.
Hacia una vinculación co-constituyente de todos los christifideles
Authors: Luciani Rafael
Published: December 2022

La actual recepción del Concilio Vaticano II recupera la primacía hermenéutica del capítulo II de Lumen Gentium. En el modelo de Iglesia Pueblo de Dios todos los christifideles conforman una totalidad orgánica de la cual derivan relaciones de corresponsabilidad que los vinculan entre sí y reconfiguran sus identidades mediante interacciones de recíproca necesidad que los completan mutuamente, y no sólo complementan, según lo que cada uno aporta suo modo et pro sua parte. La teología del sensus fidei fidelium tiene un rol determinante en la actual recepción de la eclesiología del Pueblo de Dios. Ella no puede ser reducida al ejercicio de la inteligencia de la fe, pues es, también, una dinámica de reconfiguración identitaria permanente de toda la vida eclesial que vincula corresponsablemente a las subjetividades eclesiales —los christifideles— entre sí por medio de dinámicas comunicativas capaces de manifestar la acción del Espíritu. El presente artículo aborda la novedad de este tema en el actual marco eclesiológico y sus consecuencias para una vinculación responsable de los sujetos eclesiales al interno del Pueblo de Dios.
Apuntes para una caridad pastoral en clave sinodal
Authors: Bacher Martínez Carolina
Published: December 2022

En el marco de una Iglesia sinodal, el artículo postula la necesidad de revisar las notas de la caridad pastoral, ya sea que se la considere como propia del ministerio ordenado o, en sentido ampliado, como nota constitutiva de todos los agentes pastorales. Para ello retoma de manera breve la propuesta de la misericordia ante toda miseria humana y desarrolla la opción por la confianza responsable ante los dones recibidos por la humanidad  en general y los bautizados en particular. De esta manera, subraya que la caridad pastoral está llamada a desplegarse de manera dinámica de acuerdo a la situación concreta de las personas y de las comunidades, y propone una formación pastoral acorde a esta perspectiva.
Palabras claves: bautizados, confianza responsable, formación, ministros ordenados, misericordia, Pueblo de Dios.
Translation and Adaptation of Attitude Towards Sexuality Scale (ATSS) Urdu Version in Pakistan
Authors: Zaman Kashmala , Jami Humaira , Ahmad Zafar
Published: December 2022

Attitude Towards Sexuality Scale (ATSS) was adapted and translated for the use on Pakistani population. Convenience sampling was used for data collection and adolescents from several schools and colleges of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. A total of 316 adolescents participated in the study. ATSS developed by Fisher & Hall (1988) was used to assess sexual attitudes of adolescents. Initially, to assess the validation of ATSS on the current population, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was run to assess model fit but it resulted in identified problems because it was uni-dimensional scale so Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted. EFA showed the identification of two factors of the scale namely Liberal Attitude Towards Sexuality and Conservative Attitude Towards Sexuality. According to the results; Adolescents with conservative attitudes towards sexuality are less satisfied with their bodies and they are also more likely to have been involved in overeating or eating withdrawal. While adolescents with more liberal attitudes towards sexuality are more likely to experience body image guilt. Conservative attitudes are also indicative of a negative correlation with life skills. Results showed that ATSS is a uni-dimensional scale but the factor analysis showed two major subscales. Based on the findings, we can conclude that those who oppose the sexual, social, and cultural norms of our society are more likely to develop psychological issues such as poor life skills, negative body image and disordered eating. Hence, within Pakistan, sextual attitudes are more conservative and they are also more acceptable in comparison to liberal attitudes.
SISTEM PAKAR IDENTIFIKASI LEARNING DISABILITY SISWA SEKOLAH INKLUSI METODE SMCS BERBASIS CBR
Authors: Ravie Muhammad , Urva Gellysa , Handayani Tri
Published: December 2022

Ada berbagai faktor mengapa siswa mengalami kesulitan belajar dan salah satunya ialah mengalami learning disability (kesulitan belajar spesifik). Ada salah satu siswa kelas VI yang diduga memiliki learning disability. Siswa ini tidak mampu mengikuti semua pembelajaran dengan baik karena kesulitan membaca yang dialami sejak masuk sekolah.

Kita dapat melihat bahwa guru kurang mengetahui apakah siswa mengalami learning disability karena tidak diidentifikasi dengan baik dan kurangnya penanganan yang tepat oleh guru untuk menyelesaikan masalah learning disability yang dialami oleh siswa. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka peneliti memberikan suatu solusi yaitu dengan sistem pakar. Sistem pakar dapat menggantikan seorang yang ahli dibidangnya untuk mengidentifikasi learning disability siswa pada SDN 023 Teluk Binjai.

Metode yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah learning disability adalah metode Simple Matching Coefficient Similarity (SMCS) berbasis Case Based Reasoning (CBR), yang mana dihitung banyaknya pilihan berdasarkan perbandingan kasus lama dan kasus baru.

Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan identifikasi siswa yang dilakukan, maka didapat nilai similaritas tertinggi adalah penyakit Learning Disability jenis Dyslexia dengan nilai 0,6 atau 60%. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa teridentifikasi mengalami penyakit Dyslexia.
Aplikasi Penentuan Penerima Bantuan Rumah Tidak Layak Huni Menggunakan Metode Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) (Studi Kasus : Dinas Perumahan dan Kawasan Pemukiman Kota Dumai)
Authors: Sari Aidila , Desriyati Welly , Sari Febrina
Published: December 2022

Perkembangan dan penerapan teknologi informasi telah banyak membantu aktivitas manusia sehari-hari, diantaranya adalah dalam pengambilan keputusan, baik untuk kepentingan pribadi, organisasi, dan institusi/perusahaan. Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) telah banyak diterapkan dalam aktivitas manusia, terutama dalam penentuan penerima bantuan rumah tidak layak huni (RTLH). Dalam proses penentuan bantuan, masih dilakukuan secara manual dengan mengisi format penilaian. Pada kenyataannya, cara tersebut dinilai kurang efektif karena membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama dan dapat terjadi kekeliruan yang mengakibatkan tidak tepat sasaran dalam penerimaan bantuan rumah tidak layak huni. Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ini dirancang untuk mendapatkan suatu keputusan dalam menentukan calon penerima bantuan rumah tidak layak huni dengan metode VIKOR (Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje). Model metode pembuatan atau pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah model waterfall dan perancangan sistem dengan UML. Pembuatan dan pengkodingan sistem menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, dan basis data adalah MySQL. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa sistem memudahkan Dinas Perumahan dan Kawasan Pemukiman Kota Dumai dalam proses penilaian untuk menentukan penerima bantuan rumah tidak layak huni dan sesuai dengan kriteria. Sistem ini dapat memberikan beberapa kelebihan dibandingkan dengan sistem yang sedang berjalan saat ini, seperti pada saat menentukan penerima bantuan lebih cepat dan efektif.
Analisa Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Dosen Terbaik Di STAIRA Menggunakan Metode MOORA
Authors: Rizky Rizky Rinaldi
Published: December 2022

Kualitas sistem pendidikan di suatu perguruan tinggi berhubungan dengan kualitas sumber daya manusia salah satunya adalah dosen. Salah satu langkah yang dilakukan oleh pihak STAI Raudhatul Akmal adalah melakukan valuasi terhadap dosen-dosen yang ada. Hal in dilakukan untuk dapat menilai dosen yang terbaik di STAI Raudhatul Akmal, sehingga dapat melihat peringkat dosen yang ada untuk selanjutnya dapat dilakukan evaluasi bagi dosen-dosen yang menduduki peringkat terbawah. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, perlu dibangun sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan. Dalam dunia sistem pendukung keputusan ada banyak sekali metode yang dapat digunakan, salah satunya adalah metode MOORA. Berdasarkan penerapan pengaruh metode MOORA terhadap penyelesaian masalah pada pemilihan dosen terbaik dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. Penelitian berikutnya diharapkan dapat menggunakan metode lain sebagai perbandingan dari pengembangan khazanah keilmuan.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penyewaan Wedding Organizer Berbasis Java Netbeans
Authors: Ayu Desy Putri , Pravitasari Norma , Marlia Rina
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini berfungsi untuk menghasilkan aplikasi Penyewaan Wedding Organizer untuk memudahkan pelanggan dalam hal melakukan pemesanan paket pernikahan yang semula pemesanan paket pernikahan secara manual dan tidak terperinci serta penyimpanan laporan yang tidak terkomputerisasi  maka dari itu penulis membuat aplikasi ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif yaitu pengumpulan data berdasarkan pada fakta dan menggunakan analisis perbandingan dengan tujuan mengadakan generalisasi empiris menetapkan konsep, membuktikan teori, mengembangkan teori, pengumpulan dan analisis dalam waktu yang bersamaan. Penulis memberikan kesimpulan bahwa aplikasi ini dapat digunakan dengan mudah untuk melakukan proses pemesanan paket pernikahan dan memudahkan dari segi pembuatan laporan.
Analisis Kelayakan dan Strategi Pengembangan Pelabuhan Watunohu sebagai Pelabuhan Pengumpul di Kabupaten Kolaka Utara
Authors: Mahmud Mahmud
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui; (1) aktifitas barang bongkar muat menurut jenis barang dan jasa di Pelabuhan Watunohu; (2) kondisi fasilitas pokok, fasilitas fungsional dan fasilitas pendukung yang ada di Pelabuhan Watunohu; dan (3) strategi pengembangan pelabuhan Watunohu sebagai pelabuhan pengumpul di Kabupaten Kolaka Utara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Watunohu Kabupaten Kolala Utara. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa; (1) Terdapat sepuluh (10) komoditi perkebunan yang melalukan aktifitas bongkar muat di Pelabuhan Watunohu yaitu; kelapa, kopi, lada, pala, cengkeh, coklat, sagu, nilam, kemiri dan enau/arean. Jumlah arus penumpang diproyeksi mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya, serta arus penumpang yang turun lebih banyak dibanding penumpang yang naik; (2) Fasilitas pokok yang ada di Pelabuhan Watunohu terdiri dari; lahan, dermaga, alur pelayaran, dan kolam pelabuhan.  Fasilitas fungsional berupa; kantor pelabuhan, terminal penumpang, dan akses jalan. Fasilitas pendukung atau penunjang yang ada hanyalah pos portal.
Analisis Sistem Pengaman Instalasi Listrik Pada Pondok Pesantren Ibnu Al Mubarok
Authors: Tanjung Abrar , Arlenny Arlenny , Yanti Gusneli , Setiawan David
Published: December 2022

Sistem pengaman merupakan suatu cara untuk mengamankan sistem kelistrikan dari gangguan dan bahaya yang menyebabkan kerusakan pada peralatan listrik dan elektronika serta terjadi kebakaran pada bangunan. Penggunaan peralatan listrik dan elektronika mengalami gangguan dan masalah, seperti terjadi pemadaman pada salah satu ruangan yang diakibatkan oleh gangguan hubungan singkat (konsleting). Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis sistem pengaman instalasi listrik Pondok Pesantren Ibnu Al Mubarok berdasarkan PUIL 2011. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan pada Pondok Pesantren Ibnu Al Mubarok di peroleh besar arus rata rata pada tegangan 3 phasa     380 volt sebesar 12,98 amper, besar kapasitas daya sebesar 3,930 kW, besar jatuh tegangan sebesar 1,19 volt, besar rugi daya total sebesar 223 Watt dan besar nilai tahanan pentanahan sebesar 22,15 ohm serta besar kapasitas pengaman pada panel utama sebesar 41,18 amper, maka besar kapasitas pengaman yang harus di pasang sebesar 50 amper. Besar nilai pengukuran tahanan pentahanan titik kawat sebesar 154,2 ohm melebihi nilai perhitungan pada analisa pembahasan tahanan pentanahan sebesar 22,15 ohm.
Penerapan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Untuk Penilaian Kinerja Dosen
Authors: Kuswanto Joko , Dapiokta Jum , Yunarti Yelmi , Adesti Anita
Published: December 2022

Untuk melihat sejauh mana kinerja dosen dalam melaksanakan tridharma maka diperlukan sebuah penilaian. Sistem penilaian kinerja dosen yang dilakukan oleh Universitas Baturaja selama ini masih belum semua terkomputerisasi, seperti pada perhitungan nilai kriteria-kriteria penentu keputusan sehingga pengambilan keputusan masih membutuhkan waktu yang lama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) untuk penilaian kinerja dosen. Metode ini dipilih karena mampu menyeleksi alternatif terbaik dari sejumlah alternatif. Diharapkan dengan adanya sistem pendukung keputusan yang terkomputerisasi dapat membantu pengambil keputusan dengan baik dan tepat.
Sobre la maximización de la jurisprudencia y los precedentes
Authors: Núñez Vaquero Álvaro
Published: December 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar una reconstrucción y análisis crítico de los mecanismos institucionalizados de identificación de rationes decidendi, esto es, las normas formuladas y/o empleadas en decisiones jurisdiccionales para la decisión y justificación de otros casos. En primer lugar, se comienza con una introducción dando cuenta de la importancia y actualidad del fenómeno. En segundo lugar, se establecen los conceptos fundamentales de toda teoría y/o doctrina del precedente: precedente, regla del precedente y ratio decidendi. En tercer lugar, se analiza en qué consisten estos mecanismos de identificación institucionalizada de las rationes decidendi. En cuarto lugar, se presentan algunas ventajas que conlleva incorporar mecanismos de este tipo en un ordenamiento jurídico. En quinto lugar, se analizan algunos de los supuestos peligros que entrañarían dichos mecanismos. En sexto lugar, se analizan dos peligros reales que sí conlleva la identificación de rationes decidendi mediante estos mecanismos. Se finaliza con unas brevísimas conclusiones.
Sobre la maximización de la jurisprudencia y los precedentes: casos de la vida real
Authors: Gómora Juárez Sandra
Published: December 2022

Este trabajo analiza algunas de las tesis planteadas en el artículo “Sobre la maximización de la jurisprudencia y los precedentes”, objeto de análisis de este número de la revista Discusiones. Ciertamente se trata de un trabajo tan interesante como desafiante en torno a los problemas que presenta la maximización, entendida en términos generales, como la práctica institucionalizada de extraer de la sentencia que se considera precedente, el texto que expresa la ratio decidendi. En las líneas siguientes, retomo y discuto algunos problemas derivados de la maximización que me parecen los más complejos, pero también los que puedan dar mayor luz acerca de la conveniencia de la práctica de institucionalizar las rationes decidendi.
Assimetrias e causalidades entre receitas de despesas públicas no Brasil
Authors: Salomão Neto Benito Adelmo , Gomes da Silva Cleomar
Published: December 2022

Este artigo analisa a política fiscal brasileira de janeiro/2003 a dezembro/2018, buscando enquadrá-la numa das taxonomias (arrecadar gastar, gastar-arrecadar, sincronização fiscal, neutralidade fiscal), além de examinar suas receitas e despesas e possíveis relações assimétricas e causalidades. Os Modelos Não Lineares Autorregressivos de Defasagens Distribuídas com cointegração mostram que receitas e despesas totais, também desagregadas em obrigatórias e discricionárias, cointegram. Ademais, a política fiscal brasileira é do tipo “gastar-arrecadar”, na relação receitas-despesas totais e obrigatórias, e “arrecadar-gastar”, na relação receitasdespesas discricionárias. Há assimetria entre despesas totais e obrigatórias, que crescem acompanhando PIB e receitas, mas não caem na recessão. Quedas da arrecadação geram redução de gasto discricionário, que ajusta o orçamento no curto prazo e viabiliza o equilíbrio fiscal de longo prazo.
Del dicho al hecho. La política industrial argentina en la posconvertibilidad.
Authors: Gaite Pedro
Published: December 2022

La industria argentina tiene un importante rezago tecnológico frente a los países desarrollados, hecho que no se ha revertido en la posconvertibilidad, aun cuando hubo gobiernos que reconocieron la importancia de dicho sector. El presente trabajo procura estudiar la política industrial de la Argentina entre 2003 y 2019, sus fortalezas, debilidades y los cambios que sufrió a lo largo de la posconvertibilidad, con el objetivo de extraer lecciones para el futuro.
Una propuesta de escenarios para mejorar la incidencia distributiva del IVA en Argentina
Authors: Dondo Mariana
Published: December 2022

El IVA aporta muchos recursos al Estado, pero la distribución de su carga es injusta, porque implica mayor esfuerzo para quienes tienen menos ingresos. En este artículo evaluamos escenarios alternativos de reforma al IVA en Argentina que buscan obtener mejores resultados en indicadores de pobreza y la desigualdad, manteniendo el nivel de recaudación. Encontramos que esquemas de base imponible amplia, con una alícuota del 18% (menor a la actual) y devoluciones o transferencias compensatorias focalizadas en los contribuyentes de menores ingresos, tienen un efecto más equitativo que focalizar las exenciones en bienes y servicios de interés social, con un nivel similar de recaudación. El artículo aporta evidencia empírica útil para diseñar un IVA con impactos distributivos menos regresivos.
Homicides in Alagoas - Brazil: A spatial analysis
Authors: Molnar Prates Thierry , Costa Santana da Silva Rhafaella Karlla , Moreira Aristides dos Santos Anderson
Published: December 2022

This paper aimed to identify the main factors that influence homicides in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. Therefore, we employed the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) technique and estimated spatial models in order to fix spatial autocorrelation. Although several articles have explored this theme for other states in Brazil, we chose Alagoas, a small state in northeastern Brazil, since it lead the homicide ranking per 100 thousand inhabitants in 2010, at the time of the national census. The main results show that the higher the income concentration, the greater the number of poor and the lower the educational level, the higher the homicide rate.
Does minimum wage affect inflation?
Authors: Majchrowska Aleksandra
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie wpływu zmian płacy minimalnej na stopę inflacji. Analizy oparte są na danych dotyczących 16 regionalnych rynków pracy w Polsce, badany okres to lata 2003–2020. Do badania wykorzystano koncepcję regionalnych krzywych Phillipsa rozszerzonych o płacę minimalną. Analizy empiryczne przeprowadzone były z wykorzystaniem dynamicznych modeli panelowych.

Wyniki badania wskazują na istotny statystycznie i dodatni wpływ wzrostu płacy minimalnej na stopę inflacji w Polsce. Efekt ten jest jeszcze silniejszy, gdy zmienną objaśnianą są zmiany cen żywności. Wpływ płacy minimalnej na zmiany poziomu cen różni się zarówno w czasie, jak i w przekroju regionów. Podwyżki płacy minimalnej miały większe znaczenie w okresie wyższej inflacji niż w okresach niskiej inflacji. Efekty płacy minimalnej różnią się także w zależności od regionu; presja inflacyjna była wyższa w regionach o dobrej sytuacji na rynku pracy i relatywnie wysokich płacach. Oznacza to, że w tych regionach firmy w większym stopniu przerzucają wyższe koszty pracy na konsumentów.

Wyniki naszych badań są ważne z punktu widzenia polityki rynku pracy, jak i polityki regionalnej, w szczególności biorąc pod uwagę obserwowaną w ostatnim okresie wysoką stopę inflacji i planowane dalsze podwyżki płacy minimalnej w Polsce. Pokazują one, że nawet jeśli podwyżki płacy minimalnej nie prowadzą do dużych efektów bezrobocia, mogą generować dodatkową presję inflacyjną, zwłaszcza w okresach boomu gospodarczego i w regionach o napiętej sytuacji na rynkach pracy.
Micromycetes Trichoderma for plants protection against alternariosis
Authors:   Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, Scerbacova Tatiana , Crucean Stefan ,   Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, Lungu Andrei ,   Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova
Published: December 2022

Currently there is an increased presence of Alternaria sp. mycotoxins in raw food materials and foods. In order to reduce the development of Alternaria fungi and to reduce their harmfulness, it is important to use biological preparations on the base of the microorganisms for plant protection. The aim of the research is to select strains of Trichoderma sp. fungi promising to control alternariosis in plants crops. The antagonistic activity of the mycelial culture of Trichoderma towards Alternaria was studied by dual culture method. The antifungal activity of the culture liquid was evaluated by agar diffusion method. The culture liquids containing metabolites of three strains, inhibited the growth of the pathogen by forming inhibition zones with a radius of 13-16 mm. Germination of wheat seeds on infectious background of soil contamination with the pathogen A.alternata identified micromycetes to create a biological product against alternariosis. Biological effectiveness of isolates 2N and 13N used for seeds protection against Alternaria is 87.3% and 83.6%, respectively.
Application of Digital Technologies in Accounting and Auditing at Enterprises of Ukraine
Authors: TENYUKH ZORYANA , PELEKH ULYANA , KHOCHA NADIIA
Published: December 2022

The rating of Ukraine among European countries in the field of digitalization of economic processes is high. Ukraine has chosen the path of maximum digitization of the national economy. To ensure successful economic activity at Ukrainian enterprises, it is important to introduce and use digital technologies in accounting and auditing. In the practice of accounting, a number of digital technologies are used, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. When choosing one or another digital technology, the management apparatus of enterprises takes into account its capabilities and peculiarities of activity. The relevance of the work lies in the importance of introducing digitization of accounting and auditing processes to facilitate the monotonous and uniform work of enterprises and to minimize errors in documents and reporting. The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of the use of digital technologies in accounting and auditing at enterprises of Ukraine. When writing the article, general scientific and specific methods were used, among which preference was given to the following: analysis, comparison, observation, synthesis, generalization, abstraction, induction, deduction, graphic. Based on the results of the research, the main types of digital technologies used by Ukrainian enterprises in accounting and auditing were identified, and the specifics of their use were determined. The paper analyzes the level of use of various types of digital technologies in accounting and auditing, outlines their advantages and disadvantages. Statistical data on the use of cloud technologies in accounting and technologies for working with large data sets at enterprises of Ukraine in 2018-2021 were analyzed. Conclusions were made regarding the prospects of using digital technologies in accounting and auditing at Ukrainian enterprises. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the application of the block diagram by Ukrainian enterprises, which will help in choosing the implementation of a particular digital technology in the enterprise's activities. The manager will be able to familiarize himself with the advantages and disadvantages of each digital technology and make the optimal decision
The Normalization of Fraud in Nigeria: An Excerpt From "In a Time of Fraud: The Untold Story of the Nigerian Fraudster"
Authors: Ugowe Davies
Published: December 2022

The proliferation and widespread use of the internet in Nigeria has resulted in the emergence and spread of a wide range of computer- and internet-enabled device-related crimes. Identity theft, fraudulent electronic mail transmission, hacking, spamming, and machine spoofing are just a few examples of internet-facilitated crimes. This paper is an excerpt from the same author's unpublished book, "In a Time of Fraud: The Untold Story of the Nigerian Fraudster." Through participatory observations, surveys, and interviews, it aimed to expose the methods of internet fraudsters in Nigeria, also known as Gboys/Yahoo-boys, who operate in organized crime groups (OCGs), also known as Hustle Kingdoms (HKs). This paper attempts to demonstrate how widespread and interconnected the fraud networks and acts are in Nigeria and throughout Africa, as well as the complicity of the Nigerian police and the belief systems that fuel them.
Bessarabian motifs in the creative heritage of Podolian photo artist Mykhailo Greim
Authors:   Kamianets-Podilsky “Ivan Ohiіenko” National University, Ukraine, Ursu Nataliya , Hutsul Ivan ,   Kamianets-Podilsky “Ivan Ohiіenko” National University, Ukraine, Pidhurnyi Ivan ,   Kamianets-Podilsky “Ivan Ohiіenko” National University, Ukraine
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the work of the outstanding photo artist, one of the first masters of photography in Podolia, Mykhailo Greim. The review of publications of Ukrainian and foreign authors about the artist’s activity is presented, the purpose of the article is defined. It is noted that the studies almost do not mention a whole selection of images dedicated to the Bessarabian lands, which were closely adjacent to the Ukrainian Podolia. The life path, the formation of Greim as a photographer, the scope of his professional interests are considered. The range of genre photographic compositions of the master is presented, attention is focused on self-portraits. The article is complemented by archival photographs found by the authors in Ukraine and Poland, they demonstrate close household and family ties, which in turn were reflected in the formation and existence of the folk multicultural traditions of the region. The master’s photographs are perhaps the only photographic record that, carries important information about the way of life, appearance, environment and occupations of the Moldavian population of Bessarabia bordering the Ukrainian Podolia. Greim’s creative heritage is a significant contribution to the study of the national identity of the Ukrainian and Moldovan nations.
Mass urban festivals in Ukraine (1950s to 1980s). Rituals, loci and actors
Authors:   National University “T. Shevchenko” of Kyiv, Ukraine, Borysenko Myroslav
Published: December 2022

If the subject of Soviet urban ritualistic as the central part of the ideological project in historiography is represented by many scientific works, then the ritual culture of the inhabitants of Ukrainian cities of the Soviet period of the 1950–1980s is still insufficiently studied. This article, based on the analysis of research literature, the introduction into scientific circulation and interpretation of archival sources, as well as press materials and testimonies of respondents, examines the efforts of the authorities aimed at creating a festive atmosphere on the streets of the Ukrainian city. The author proposes to look at the civil holidays through the prism of the anthropological approach, highlighting the main rituals, loci, and characters. To achieve the objectives of the research, scientific methods of analytical interpretation of sources, comparative historical analysis, historical reconstruction and case studies were used. The conclusions emphasize the existence in the specified period of a contradictory attitude towards citizens’ participation in Soviet rituals, since they simultaneously understood the coercive nature of the celebrations, but also received some opportunities for recreation in the conditions of routine everyday life of the Soviet era.
I NTERREGIONAL CLUSTERS IN THE ECONOMY OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC REGIONS
Authors:   Institute for Regional Economic Studies Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogachev Victor F. , Mikulenok Alexey S. ,   Institute for Regional Economic Studies Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2022

The article examines the studies of creating the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation development strategy as a structural element of the national economy and a unique object in the management system of national economic enterprise, which designed along with solving the problem of further exploration of hydrocarbon resources to implement projects related to the using of modern methods of forming organizational management structures. One of these methods is the creation of clusters with operating conditions are determined by the presence of the largest oil and gas companies in the industrial sector. In this regard, the paper analyzes the possibilities of integrating regional strategies based on the creation of interregional clusters as a structure that is most conducive to strengthening the process of integrating regions’ economies that are part of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The advantage of such an organizational structure is that it allows to quickly respond to changes in the competitive environment and evaluate the results for functioning of the Russian Arctic economy as a whole with taking into account problems of each specific region.
FEATURES OF THE USE OF BALANCE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TASKS OF PREDICTIVE ASSESSMENT OF LABOR RESOURCES IN THE STATE REGULATION OF REGIONAL LABOR MARKETS
Authors:   Institute for Regional Economic Studies Russian Academy of Sciences, Perekrest Igor V.
Published: December 2022

The methodological instrumentation for determining the degree of balance of the regional system of workplaces is considered in the framework of multicriteria balance technologies to relate labor and workplaces. The results of the analysis of the problem of state regulation of the sphere of employment – prevention, prevention and mitigation of unemployment as a key indicator of the state of the spatial economic system are considered. The subjects of the study are the subject of the Russian Federation (SRF) – the regional level, the Federal District of the Russian Federation (FORF) – the macro-regional level and Russia as a whole – the macro level. Examples of the results of mapping the main objects of the constructed factor models in the form of typological planes, which depict the states of the observed objects – subjects of the Russian Federation in the corresponding system of integral indicators.
THE PRACTICE OF AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH TO SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION
Authors:   Committee for Social Policy of St. Petersburg, Buinevich Dmitry V. , Sergeev Igor B. ,   North-West Institute of Management branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the problem of improving the efficiency of social support of the population of St. Petersburg. The expenditures of the regional budget are considered as the main tool for regulating the development of the social sphere. The problems of complexity and insufficient efficiency of the existing system of state social support of the population are disclosed. The introduction of evidence-based approach in the sphere of social security is proposed.
Marginalised Students’ Funds of Knowledge in Teaching and Learning Science: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Phillip Paul Anak , Arsad Nurazidawati Mohamad
Published: December 2022

Funds of knowledge refer to the historically accumulated and culturally developed bodies of knowledge and skills essential for household and individual functioning and well-being. Teachers face students from different backgrounds in the classroom. In order to provide the best possible education for all the students in a classroom, teaching practices must reflect an authentic sense of caring for a child in a way that recognises the importance of the utilisation of marginalised students’ fund of knowledge. Hence, reviewing existing literature systematically is very important for finding the gaps in using marginalised students’ funds of knowledge in science teaching and learning. A systematic Literature Review (SLR) is conducted to identify the type of funds of knowledge that can be used in science teaching and learning processes. Out of 321 articles identified from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases, 28 articles were selected for the systematic review process. The finding of the analysis shows nine types of funds of knowledge that can be used in teaching and learning science, particularly for marginalised students. This research and its finding are expected to provide insight and information on the type of funds of knowledge for marginalised students that can be utilised in science education and contribute to the improved quality of science education in general.
Efektywność przedsiębiorstw rolnych w Ukrainie i Unii Europejskiej – ocena i czynniki reprodukcji
Authors: Gontareva Iryna
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu jest ocena efektywności przedsiębiorstw rolnych w Ukrainie i Unii Europejskiej pod względem skuteczności, ekonomiczności i organizacji funkcjonalnej, które odzwierciedlają potrzebę rozszerzonej reprodukcji konsumpcji i bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego. Efektywność oceniono na podstawie relacji nakładów do osiąganych wyników, ekonomiczności procesów ich uzyskiwania oraz stopnia wykorzystania zasad organizacji funkcjonalnej jako potencjału do trwałej reprodukcji i poprawy wyników przedsiębiorstwa. W tym przypadku efektywność systemowa przedsiębiorstw rolnych odzwierciedla stopień zaspokajania potrzeb i oczekiwań interesariuszy – konsumentów, współpracowników, społeczności lokalnych. Przy odtwarzaniu pozytywnych wyników należy wziąć pod uwagę specyfikę prawa wartości w sektorze rolno-przemysłowym. Spójność i zgodność różnych rodzajów kapitału i aktywów osiąga się poprzez zastosowanie zasad organizacji funkcjonalnej. Pozwala to na identyfikację wpływu czynników regulacyjnych na reprodukcję efektywności przedsiębiorstw rolnych.
Czy gospodarstwa rolne zainteresowane są maksymalizacją dochodów, czy swoich aktywów? Recenzja książki Aleksandra Grzelaka, Dochody a aktywa w gospodarstwach rolnych w Polsce na tle krajów Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Kowalczyk Stanisław
Published: December 2022

A. Grzelak, Dochody a aktywa w gospodarstwach rolnych w Polsce na tle krajów Unii Europejskiej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, Poznań 2022, ss. 252. https://doi.org/10.18559/978-83-8211-087-6.
Non-medical reasons affecting cesarean section rate in teaching hospitals in Anbar province, Iraq
Authors: Zaidan Susan Abed
Published: December 2022

Background: Globally, there is an increment in the cesarean section rate. Although the cesarean section is a lifesaving surgery in some cases, it is not safer than vaginal delivery and associated with higher maternal and perinatal complications. Many cesarean sections nowadays are performed for non-medical reasons, and decision-making is affected by social factors and the health standards of the community.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the non-medical reasons for cesarean sections.

Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in two teaching hospitals in Anbar province/Iraq. Women who underwent planned cesarean section at term were included. The inclusion criteria were cephalic fetal presentation, normally sited placenta, and no previous uterine scar. A questionnaire was set regarding the medical causes of planned cesarean section and any non-medical reasons that affect the decision-making. Seniors in obstetrics and gynecology in these hospitals responsible for these women were asked to fill in these questionnaires.

Results: Out of 82 women included in the study, 11% were aged 35 years or more and 65.9% were nullipara. About 43.9% of the cesarean sections were performed for a purely medical cause and 34.1% had a medical cause for terminating the pregnancy. Still, decision-making was affected by non-medical reasons, and in 22% of the cases, cesarean sections were done without medical causes. A maternal request for cesarean section was the most common reason for those who underwent cesarean section without a medical cause.

Conclusion: Proper maternal counseling about the potential risks of cesarean section and improving health care in the labor room can help in decreasing the cesarean section rate and its associated mortality and morbidity.
Bronchogenic Cyst Diagnosed by Bronchoscopy with Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) and Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (TBNA)—A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Assaad Mansur , Meenakshisundaram Rajamurugan , Swalih Mohamed , Lantry Julia , Burgei Jonathan , Alsheimer Katie , Aqeel Anam , Dubois Louis , Hehn Boyd
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Lower respiratory tract anomalies are not commonly encountered in clinical practice, specifically with regards to adult medicine. Bronchogenic cysts, in particular, are rare anomalies that may present as a diagnostic challenge for most clinicians, especially if the patient is asymptomatic. Furthermore, presenting symptoms are often non-specific, and imaging may be misleading. Historically, gold standard for diagnosis requires surgical resection and pathological evaluation. However, there may be a role for bronchoscopy and endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) with transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) in the diagnosis and, potentially, treatment of bronchogenic cysts.

Case Description

The patient was referred to pulmonary for abnormal imaging. A computed tomography scan of the chest revealed a mediastinal mass that was initially concerning for malignancy. After undergoing bronchoscopy with EBUS, it was determined based on ultrasound that the lesion in question was in fact cystic in nature. Furthermore, TBNA of the lesion yielded serous fluid and resulted in shrinkage of the lesion.

Discussion

There are several peer-reviewed, published case reports detailing the use of bronchoscopy with EBUS-TBNA to aid in diagnosis of bronchogenic cysts. The obvious advantage of this method is potentially avoiding unnecessary surgery. However, there are also case reports detailing potentially fatal adverse events from performing needle aspiration of bronchogenic cysts, the most devastating being mediastinitis. Further data is needed regarding the utility and safety of bronchoscopy with EBUS-TBNA in diagnosing and managing bronchogenic cysts.