bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural Antioxidant Extracts as Anti-browning Agents from Algerian
Date Palm Fruit
Authors: Wafa Bensania , Amar Djeridane , Noureddine Bouras , Mohamed Yousfi
Published: August 2023

Enzymatic browning is a negative change that affects fruits and vegetables. This makes them
unfit for consumption or reduces their shelf life and quality. This reaction alters the appearance, texture,
fragrance, taste, and nutritional value of the food. In order for these products to be widely accepted by
consumers, it is necessary to use natural compounds with anti-browning properties.

Objective:

The main objective of this study was to select effective extracts for the anti-browning (antipolyphenol
oxidase and anti-peroxidase), and antioxidant activities of by-products of Phoenix dactylifera
L., Ghars variety, from Algeria.

Methods:

Hydro-methanolic extracts from the pedicel, perianth, and leaves of date palm were examined
to evaluate the phenol and total flavonoid contents. Using spectrophotometric techniques, the antioxidant
activities were assessed using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH●), 2, 2’-azino-bis-(3-
ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical (ABTS●+) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP)
assay, examined the enzyme inhibitory activity against polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase of Phoenix
dactylifera L. extract.

Results:

The range of total phenolic and flavonoid contents was 12.29 to 48.98 mg gallic acid equivalent/
g dry matter and 2.83 to 15.07 mg rutin equivalent/g dry matter, respectively. The pedicel extracts
showed significant antioxidant activity in the DPPH and FRAP tests (IC50 = 0.0057 ± 0.0010 mg/ml and
FEAC = 1.1961 ± 0.0647) compared to other extracts. However, in the ABTS assay, the leaf extract exhibited
an interesting potency (IC50 = 0.0020 ± 0.0001mg/ml). The study on the anti-browning activity
of date palm by-product extracts showed that it inhibited the activity of peroxidase enzyme from date
palm fruit.

Conclusion:

This work is the first time the potential of an extract from date palm by-products to enzymatically
reduce the browning of date palms is presented. According to the results obtained, the different
organs studied from the Ghars date palm, are a powerful natural antioxidant and may include natural
compounds that retard browning by enzymes.
Informação e memória, biblioteca e memória o caso EMATER/MG
Authors: Horta Nicole Marinho , Ribeiro Kevin Keler Rodrigues , Andrade Thomaz Afonso de , Paiva Marília de Abreu Martins de
Published: August 2023

The treatment and preparation of a collection for a new destination after the closure of a library is a subject under explored in research and an activity for which there are no prepared instruments. This was the challenge of an action at the Nilza TavaresDias library of the Technical Assistance and Rural Extension Company of the State of Minas Gerais (EMATER-MG), in Brazil, deactivated in 2018. Since 2020, the inventory work for the proper disposal of the collection was started. For this purpose, it was necessary to develop the work methodology, as its base for recording and physical restructuring of the library for the activities’development. During the process, a large quantity/quality of EMATER publications produced since its creation was found, thus arising the need for a more depth study of these materials as an information, documentary and institutional memory source.
Magnetic anisotropy of Nanostructured Fe-Ni-C Coating Produced by Electroless Deposition
Authors: Denisova E. A.  , Chekanova L. A.  , Komogortsev S. V.  , Iskhakov R. S.  , Li O. A.  , Sukhachev А. L.  , Velikanov D. A.  , Nemtsev I. V.
Published: August 2023

The structural and magnetic properties of nanostructured Fe100-xNix-C (0<x<100) coatings produced by electroless plating with different carbohydrates as reducing agents have been investigated. The phase-structural state of the films was studied by diffraction and electron microscopy. The Ni concentration ranges of FCC and BCC phases existence in electroless deposited films were determined. The surface morphology, saturation magnetization, local magnetic anisotropy field and coercivities of films are dependent on the iron content and type of reducing agent. The correlation between coercivity Hc and the anisotropy field of the magnetic stochastic domain which were established by correlation magnetometry suggests that the magnitude of Hc is mainly determined by this anisotropy. Keywords: 3d-metal alloys, the approach to saturation magnetization law, coercivity.
Magnetic tunnel junction model in Verilog-A for use in CAD environments for integrated circuits
Authors: Lobkova M. D.  , Skirdkov P. N.  , Zvezdin K. A.
Published: August 2023

Electrical model of a magnetic tunnel junction is developed in Verilog-A language, which can use in CAD systems to design an integrated circuit of spintronics devices. In order to check the correct operation of the model verification tests were created and carried out in Cadence ADE. Each test corresponds to the operating mode of the magnetic tunnel junction: switching, generation, rectification. Thus, the developed model can be used to simulate hybrid circuits comprising CMOS elements and magnetic tunnel junctions. Keywords: magnetic tunnel junction, MTJ, spintronics, spintronics devices, magnetic tunnel junction model in Verilog-A, MTJ model development, MTJ operating modes.
To an analytical theory of higher-order magnetic skyrmions in nonuniform magnetic fields
Authors: Shustin M. S.  , Dzebisashvili D. M.  , Stepanenko V. A.
Published: August 2023

It is shown that axially symmetric inhomogeneous magnetic fields can lead to stabilization of higher-order magnetic skyrmions with topological charge |Q|>1 due to orbital effects. We developed the analytical theory on the energy, size, and domain wall width of the such skyrmions in a power-law inhomogeneous fields, with a parameters corresponding to strongly correlated electron systems. The results obtained may have applications in describing the formation of nontrivial magnetic structures in inhomogeneous fields of superconducting vortices in heterostructures superconductor --- chiral magnet of the type [Ir1Fe0.5Co0.5Pt1]10/MgO/Nb. Keywords: magnetic skyrmions, nonuniform magnetic fields.
Influence of Ga-substitution to the structural and magnetic properties of (Mn,Fe)-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- bixbyite
Authors: Moshkina E. M.  , Molokeev M. S.  , Eremin E. V.  , Bezmaternykh L. N.
Published: August 2023

To study the dependence of the properties of ternary oxides (Mn,Fe,Ga)2O3 with the bixbyite structure on the composition, the temperature dependences of the magnetization and ac magnetic susceptibility of two single-crystal samples of different compositions obtained using the flux method were analyzed. A detailed study of the structure was carried out using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and the changes in structural parameters depending on the composition were analyzed. The dc magnetization and ac magnetic susceptibility of Fe1.1Mn0.76Ga0.14O3 and Fe0.65Mn1.1Ga0.26O3 bixbyites have been studied. Despite the qualitatively similar behavior of the magnetic properties, significant differences were also found, despite a small difference in the Mn/Fe/Ga ratio in the samples under study. It is shown that both compounds experience two successive low-temperature magnetic phase transitions from the paramagnetic phase at T=20-32 K as the temperature is lowered. Calculations of the Mydosh parameter for the detected phase transitions showed different degrees of ordering in the compounds under study. Keywords: transition metal oxides, magnetic phase transitions, spin glass state, bixbyite.
Investigation of the surface temperature in contact with plasma by two-color pyrometry
Authors: A.V. Voronin  , V.Yu. Goryainov  , A.A. Kapralov  , V.A. Tokarev  , G.Yu. Sotnikova
Published: August 2023

A high-speed two-color pyrometer has been developed that allows measuring the intensity of thermal radiation in temperature range of 100-3500oC with 2 μs time resolution. The analysis of the main factors affecting the measurement of surface temperature in the conditions of its interaction with plasma is carried out. It is shown that at plasma temperature of more than 10 eV and moderate concentration of particles, the wall plasma can be considered transparent to thermal radiation. Experimental studies on non-contact measurement of temperature of surface interacting with plasma on Globus-M2 tokamak and plasma gun test bench have been carried out. Sawtooth temperature fluctuations were detected on the wall of tokamak chamber near the exit of outer separatrix branch. The period of these flashes was 3-4 ms, and duration was 2 ms. The maximum wall temperature measured by a high-speed pyrometer exceeded the temperature measured by infrared camera. Measurements of temperature of the front surface of W-Li sample were carried out at plasma gun test bench under conditions of deuterium plasma jet cyclic action under loads simulating regimes of plasma current disruption in tokamak. The sample temperature reached more than 3000^oC during <1 ms. The thermal conductivity of the sample degraded with an increase in number of plasma exposure cycles, which was expressed in progressive decrease in target cooling rate after the pulse. Using a high-speed pyrometer, it is proposed to control the formation of heat-insulating foils on surface interacting with plasma Keywords: two-color pyrometer, thermal radiation, surface temperature, materials irradiation.
On an increase in the volume concentration of hydrogen in undoped LiNbO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- crystals of congruent composition
Authors: Yatsenko A. V.  , Yagupov S. V.  , Shul'gin V. F.  , Yatsenko A. A.
Published: August 2023

The efficiency of the process of increasing the volume concentration of hydrogen in LiNbO3 crystals of congruent composition by heating in a humid atmosphere has been studied. It is shown that pretreatment of LiNbO3 crystals in adipic acid makes it possible to significantly increase the volume concentration of hydrogen in the sample during subsequent thermochemical treatment in wet air. Keywords: lithium niobate, hydrogen, electrical conductivity, IR spectroscopy.
The Effectiveness of Patient Education on Laparoscopic Surgery Postoperative Outcomes to Determine Whether Direct Coaching Is the Best Approach: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Maheta Bhagvat , Shehabat Mouhamad , Khalil Ramy , Wen Jimmy , Karabala Muhammad , Manhas Priya , Niu Ashley , Goswami Caroline , Frezza Eldo
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

As of 2022, patient adherence to postoperative guidelines can reduce the risk of complications by up to 52.4% following laparoscopic abdominal surgery. With the availability of various preoperative education interventions (POEIs), understanding which POEI results in improvement in patient outcomes across the procedures is imperative.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine which POEI could be the most effective on patient outcomes by systematically reviewing all the POEIs reported in the literature.

METHODS

In total, 4753 articles investigating various POEIs (eg, videos, presentations, mobile apps, and one-on-one education or coaching) were collected from the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. Inclusion criteria were adult patients undergoing abdominal laparoscopic surgery, randomized controlled trials, and studies that provided postoperative outcomes. Exclusion criteria included studies not published in English and with no outcomes reported. Title and abstract and full-text articles with POEI randomized controlled studies were screened based on the above criteria through a blinded, dual review using Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation). Study quality was assessed through the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The included articles were analyzed for educational content, intervention timing, intervention type, and postoperative outcomes appropriate for a particular surgery.

RESULTS

Only 17 studies matched our criteria, with 1831 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, bariatric surgery (gastric bypass and gastric sleeve), and colectomy. In total, 15 studies reported a statistically significant improvement in at least 1 patient postoperative outcome. None of these studies were found to have an overall high risk of bias according to Cochrane standards. In total, 41% (7/17) of the included studies using direct individual education improved outcomes in almost all surgery types, while educational videos had the greatest statistically significant impact for anxiety, nausea, and pain postoperatively (P<.01). Direct group education demonstrated significant improvement in weight, BMI, exercise, and depressive symptoms in 33% (2/6) of the laparoscopic gastric bypass studies.

CONCLUSIONS

Direct education (individual or group based) positively impacts postoperative laparoscopic surgery outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42023438698; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=438698
News of Death In Jumlah Fi‘liyyah In Obituarial Rubric Of Al-Ahrām Newspaper December 2017 – March 2018 Edition: Semantic Analysis
Authors: Farhani Nada
Published: August 2023

This study discusses news of death in the jumlah fi‘liyyah in the obituary rubric of Al-Ahrām (SKA) newspaper with the euphemisms contained there in. This study aims to reveal the fi'l form used and the choice of words or euphemisms in obituaries jumlah fi‘liyyah numbers in the opening sentences of the SKA obituary rubric, December 2017 – March 2018 edition. The theory used in this research is semantic. The data of this research is in the form of obituaries in jumlah fi‘liyyah  in the opening sentence of the SKA obituary rubric advertisement. The method used in providing data is the listening method, with basic tapping and orthographic note-taking techniques as advanced techniques. At the data analysis stage, the method used is the distribution method with basic techniques for natural elements and advanced courses in the form of dissipation techniques and replacement techniques. As for the data presentation stage, the informal presentation method is used.

Based on research conducted on obituaries in jumlah fi‘liyyah  in the opening sentence of the SKA obituary rubric advertisement, eight variations of obituaries used based on the fi'l were found. The eight obituaries in jumlah fi‘liyyah  are divided into three categories of fi'l forms, namely fi'l mujarrad ma'lūm, fi'l mazīd ma'lūm, and fi'l mazīd majhūl. The eight fi'ls in these three forms are euphemisms to replace /māta/ in BA. Thus, it is known that the perspective of the Arab nation in symbolizing someone's death with the choice of subtle words in the form of certain fi'l and visible religious symbols through the terms used.
Review on Isolated Urdu Character Recognition: Offline Handwritten Approach
Authors: Siddiqui Sayma Shafeeque A. W. , Kanke Rajashri G. , Gaikwad Ramnath M. , Baheti Manasi R.
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This paper summarizes a system for recognizing isolated Urdu characters using advanced machine learning algorithms. The system analyzes visual features of Urdu characters, like strokes and curves, to train models such as CNN, SVM, ANN, and MLP. With a large dataset, the system can accurately predict unseen characters. It can be integrated into various applications for real-time character recognition tasks like OCR (Optical Character Recognition) and handwriting recognition. This literature survey explores research papers focused on character recognition in languages like Urdu, Arabic, Persian, and Sindhi, proposing various techniques like feature extraction, deep learning, and machine learning to enhance character recognition technology. The survey highlights specific studies with high accuracy and discusses recognition systems for Arabic characters as well.
Magneto-Optical Properties of Ni0.4Cu0.3Zn0.3Gd0.125Fe1.875O4 Nano Ferrite for Application of Soft Magnetic Material
Authors: Phunde Babasaheb E. , Kandre Madhav M. , Ravangave Limbraj S.
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Ni0.4Cu0.3Zn0.3Gd0.125Fe1.875O4 spinel ferrite powder is successfully synthesized using sol-gel auto combustion technique. The structural, optical and magnetic properties investigated by using X-ray Diffractometer, FTIR Spectrometer, Scanning Electron Microscope and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). XRD analysis confirmed that formation of Nano crystalline cubic spinel structure of the sample. The crystallite size of synthesized nanoparticles is about 29.45nm. The IR study support the confirmation spinel structure of Ni0.4Cu0.3Zn0.3Gd0.125Fe1.875O4 sample. Band gap energy Eg obtained using UV-Visible absorption data is about 2.4238 eV. The magnetic properties have been studied from VSM data shows that
MERITOCRACIA E IGUALITARISMO: adesão de estudantes universitários de instituições públicas e privadas
Authors: Sena Leonardo Damasceno de , Vieira Kay Francis Leal , Silva Lucas Vitorino da , Menezes Rafael Andrade de , Mousinho Sandra Helena , Dantas Guilherme Jorge Stanford
Published: August 2023

When assuming the form of norms within a society, meritocracy and egalitarianism may initially appear to bring numerous benefits. However, subtly within this social dynamic, they can normalize inequality and emphasize various mechanisms of prejudice within the social fabric. Given the above, this article aims to measure the adherence of university students to the social norms of meritocracy and egalitarianism through practical, descriptive, and survey-based research. The study employed a sociodemographic questionnaire and a scale of social norms, consisting of adherence to egalitarianism and meritocratic individualism principles. The survey results revealed that university students exhibited moderate to low levels of adherence, with significant differences observed in the variables of gender, age, and income, indicating higher levels of adherence among males, younger individuals, and those with lower income. These findings indicate an ideological bias that is less prevalent in the academic environment but deeply ingrained in the social fabric since the early stages of individual formation. Thus, this highlights the need for critical debates on the denaturalization of this perception of reality, providing new perspectives to individuals in confronting reality and addressing inequalities in their respective contexts.
Adaptive syndrome measurements for Shor-style error correction
Authors: Tansuwannont Theerapat , Pato Balint , Brown Kenneth R.
Published: August 2023

The Shor fault-tolerant error correction (FTEC) scheme uses transversal gates and ancilla qubits prepared in the cat state in syndrome extraction circuits to prevent propagation of errors caused by gate faults. For a stabilizer code of distance d that can correct up to t=⌊(d−1)/2⌋ errors, the traditional Shor scheme handles ancilla preparation and measurement faults by performing syndrome measurements until the syndromes are repeated t+1 times in a row; in the worst-case scenario, (t+1)2 rounds of measurements are required. In this work, we improve the Shor FTEC scheme using an adaptive syndrome measurement technique. The syndrome for error correction is determined based on information from the differences of syndromes obtained from consecutive rounds. Our protocols that satisfy the strong and the weak FTEC conditions require no more than (t+3)2/4−1 rounds and (t+3)2/4−2 rounds, respectively, and are applicable to any stabilizer code. Our simulations of FTEC protocols with the adaptive schemes on hexagonal color codes of small distances verify that our protocols preserve the code distance, can increase the pseudothreshold, and can decrease the average number of rounds compared to the traditional Shor scheme. We also find that for the code of distance d, our FTEC protocols with the adaptive schemes require no more than d rounds on average.
Desain Pengabdian Pembinaan Mudabbir-Mudabbirah dalam Pengasuhan Santri dengan Pendekatan Mau’idhah Hasanah pada Dayah Boarding School
Authors: Hayati Salma , Lailatussaadah  , Mujiburrahman  , Yusriman  , Nisak Amiratun , An-Nazary Nargis
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this service-based research is to design the mentoring of mudabbir-mudabbirah in the care of santri with a mau'idhah hasanah approach  in dayah  of boarding school. The research method used is research and development based on Sugiyono which refers to the theory of Borg and Gall and  takes three (3) steps; potential and problems, data collection and activity design. The data were analyzed in a qualitative descriptive. The results of the service-based research of mudabbir mudabbirah mentoring in nurturing santri with mau'idhah hasanah were carried out using a five-stage frame of reference; input, activities, output, purpose and goal.
Kualitas Fisik Dan Organoleptik Daging Ayam Broiler Yang Diberi Ransum Berbasis Pakan Lokal Berprobiotik
Authors: Prayoga Arya Hangga , Hendalia Ella , Noferdiman Noferdiman
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan lokal berprobiotik terhadap kualitas fisik dan kualitas organoleptic daging ayam broiler. Penelitian ini  dilaksanakan di Farm Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Jambi. Pengujian kualitas fisik dan kualitas organoleptik dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Jambi. Sebanyak 200 ekor DOC strain platinum dimasukkan secara acak  ke dalam 20 kandang, terdiri atas 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Pakan Perlakuan yang diterapkan adalah P0 (100% P-kom +0 % P-pro), P1 (75% P-kom + 25% P-pro), P2 (50% P-kom + 50% P-pro), P3 (25% P-kom + 75% P-pro) dan P4 (0% P-kom + 100% P-pro). Pakan diberikan ad libitum selama 35 hari. Pada hari ke 35 dilakukan pemotongan ayam dan pengambilan sampel dagi dada. Parameter yang diamati adalah kualitas fisik (Daya Ikat Air, susut masak, dan pH) dan organoleptik (warna, rasa, tekstur dan aroma) DAGING. Data kualitas fisik dianalisis dengan sidik ragam (ANOVA), sedangkan kualitas organoleptik dianalisis dengan uji Hedonic Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ransum berbasis pakan lokal berprobiotik memberikan pengaruh tidak nyata (P > 0,05) terhadap kualitas fisik dan organoleptic daging ayam broiler. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa daging ayam broiler yang diberi ransum berbasis pakan lokal berprobiotik memiliki kualitas fisik dan organoleptik yang relative sama dengan daging ayam broiler yang diberikan pakan komersil dan dapat diterima dengan baik oleh konsumen.

Kata kunci : Daging ayam  broiler,pakan local berprobiotik,,kualitas fisik,,kualitas organoleptic
LEARNING LOSS IN THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH SUBJECT AT A VOCATIONAL SCHOOL IN TANJUNG JABUNG BARAT: TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION
Authors: Rahayu Silviah Dewi
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The covid-19 Pandemic has caused an unexpected shift in teaching and learning at schools around the world. The teaching and learning process has mostly switched to distance learning and causes problems for all parties involved, including students and their parents, teachers, and school management. While research has been carried out to observe the implementation of distance learning and its challenges and problems, only a few studies have been focused on investigating a possible phenomenon called ‘learning loss’. Learning loss is generally defined as a lack of student interest in the learning process because there is only little to zero direct interaction process during their learning. This research is designed to investigate the possible occurrence of learning loss in a vocational school in Tanjung Jabung Barat. The research was carried out qualitatively. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with participants that consist of two English teachers in the school. Questions addressed in the interview were focused on investigating the shift in the teachers’ teaching process and students’ learning activities, including the signs of a decrease or loss of interest in learning and the impact on learning achievement. Teachers’ understanding of students’ situations and efforts to mitigate them will also be investigated. Data collected from the interview was analyzed using theories relevant to the issues.

Key Word: Pandemic, English Teaching, Teachers Perception, Learning Loss
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF USING GOOGLE CLASSROOM DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC AT ONE PESANTREN AT MUARO JAMBI
Authors: Sihombing Lamhot
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACK

This research aims to explore Advantages And Disadvantages of student perspective using Google Classroom on online Learning the research is set at pondok Pesantren Hiddayatullah Sengeti Muaro Jambi with nine grade students as the subject. The methodology of this research is descriptive qualitative. The sample of this research is the nine grade of IX. The sample in this study used purposive sampling. During the Covid-19 pandemic, online learning has been widely used in process learning. One of the applications used for online learning is Google Classroom. However, Google Classroom has Advantage and Disadvantages that have not been studied especially from the student's point of view. Data were collected using interviews supported by an interview protocol. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. From the data analysis, several themes emerged: 1.Google Classroom as the main platform for learning powered by WhatsApp 2. Google drive full of difficult to send assignments 3. Paperless submission. 4. Ease to see assessment. 5. Real time notifications. 6. Lack of interaction: a. There is no discussion and , b. No peer review ,and 7. Lack of motivation.

 

Keyword : Google Classroom, Advantage and disadvantage of Google Classroom,Student Perspective, Online Learning , Covid-19
AI and machine learning for clinical pharmacology: A Primer
Authors: Ryan David , Maclean Rory , Balston Alfred , Scourfield Andrew , Shah Anoop , Ross Jack
Published: August 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) will impact many aspects of clinical
pharmacology including drug discovery and development, clinical trials,
personalised medicine, pharmacogenomics, pharmacovigilance and clinical
toxicology. The rapid progress of AI in healthcare means clinical
pharmacologists should have an understanding of AI and its
implementation into clinical practice. As with any new therapy or health
technology, it is imperative that AI tools are subject to robust and
stringent evaluation to ensure that they enhance clinical practice in a
safe and equitable manner. This review serves as an introduction to AI
for the clinical pharmacologist, highlighting current applications,
aspects of model development and issues surrounding evaluation and
deployment. The aim of this article is to empower clinical
pharmacologists to embrace and lead on the safe and effective use of AI
within healthcare.
Prophylactic sildenafil in preterm infants at risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hirata Katsuya , Nakahari Atsuko , Takeoka Mami , Watanabe Masahiko , Nishimura Yutaka , Katayama Yoshinori , Isayama Tetsuya
Published: August 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and
safety of prophylactically administered sildenafil during the early life
stages of preterm infants to prevent mortality and bronchopulmonary
dysplasia (BPD). Data Sources: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane
Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and
Allied Health Literature, and Ichushi. Study Selection:
Published randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non‐RCTs, interrupted
time series, cohort studies, case–control studies, and controlled
before‐and-after studies were included. Data Extraction: Two
reviewers independently screened the title, abstract, and full text,
extracted data, assessed the risk of bias, and evaluated the certainty
of evidence (CoE) following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment
and Development and Evaluation approach. The random‐effects model was
used for a meta‐analysis of RCTs. Results: This review included
three RCTs (162 infants). The prophylactic sildenafil and placebo groups
demonstrated no significant differences in mortality (risk ratio
[RR]: 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16–10.76; very low
CoE) and BPD (RR: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.79–1.83; very low CoE), as well as
in any other outcome assessed (very low CoE). Limitations: The
sample sizes were less than the optimal sizes for all outcomes assessed,
indicating the need for further trials. Conclusions: The
prophylactic use of sildenafil in individuals at risk of BPD did not
indicate any advantageous effects in terms of mortality, BPD, and other
outcomes, or increased side effects.
MassSpecPreppy - an end-to-end solution for automated protein concentration determination and flexible sample digestion for proteomics applications
Authors: Reder Alexander , Hentschker Christian , Steil Leif , Salazar Manuela Gesell , Hammer Elke , Dhople Vishnu M. , Sura Thomas , Lissner Ulrike , Wolfgramm Hannes , Dittmar Denise , Harms Marco , Surmann Kristin , Volker Uwe , Michalik Stephan
Published: August 2023

In proteomics, fast, efficient and highly reproducible sample
preparation is of utmost importance, particularly in view of fast
scanning mass spectrometers enabling analyses of large sample series. To
address this need, we have developed the web application MassSpecPreppy
that operates on the open science OT-2 liquid handling robot from
Opentrons. This platform can prepare up to 96 samples at once,
performing tasks like BCA protein concentration determination, sample
digestion with normalization, reduction/alkylation and peptide elution
into vials or loading specified peptide amounts onto Evotips in an
automated and flexible manner. The performance of the developed
workflows using MassSpecPreppy was compared with standard manual sample
preparation workflows. The BCA assay experiments revealed an average
recovery of 101.3% (SD: ±7.82%) for the MassSpecPreppy workflow, while
the manual workflow had a recovery of 96.3% (SD: ±9.73%). The species
mix used in the evaluation experiments showed that 94.5% of protein
groups for OT-2 digestion and 95% for manual digestion passed the
significance thresholds with comparable peptide level coefficient of
variations. These results demonstrate that MassSpecPreppy is a versatile
and scalable platform for automated sample preparation, producing
injection-ready samples for proteomics research.
The seminal plasma proteome of the giant panda
Authors: Cai Kailai , Wang Tao , Chen Jiasong , Li Feiping , Wang Shenfei , Zhang Mengshi , Hu Xianbiao , James Ayala , An Junhui , Wang Donghui , Zhang Mingyue , Wang Hairui , Huang He , Liu Yuliang , Hou Rong
Published: August 2023

For the ex-situ conservation of giant pandas, both collecting and
preserving semen are important methods. The seminal plasma is rich in
nutrients and bioactive substances, such as proteins, carbohydrates,
lipids, amino acids, and hormones, which play an important role in the
reproduction and reproductive health of the species. This is the first
study to analyze the seminal plasma proteins of giant pandas through
proteomics and identified 1125 proteins. These proteins are related to
protein turnover, translation, and metabolism. The seminal plasma
proteins of giant pandas were then compared to those of humans, pigs and
sheep, with many unique proteins found in giant panda samples. Among
these proteins, the WD40 repeat-containing proteins have been identified
and implicated in sperm function and fertility. Understanding the
composition and function of proteins in the giant panda seminal plasma
proteome can provide valuable insights into their reproductive biology
and help develop strategies to improve their reproductive success in
captivity, which is essential for giant panda conservation.
Model-based Impact Analysis of Climate Change and Land-use Intensification on Trophic Networks
Authors: Neumann Christian , Sritongchuay Tuanjit , Seppelt R.
Published: August 2023

Global change impacts the structure of communities within trophic food
webs well before a decline in biodiversity can be measured for instance
by species numbers. While land use change is the most important direct
driver of terrestrial biodiversity loss, its impact in combination with
climate change is less well understood. We investigate the combined
effects of climate change (temperature, precipitation) and land-use
intensification on terrestrial trophic networks, with a process-based
general mechanistic ecosystem model (‘MadingleyR’) that simulates
ecosystem dynamics for trait-based functional groups of species (i.e.,
ectothermic, and endothermic herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores) for
different regions such as India and Europe. Resulting patterns are
widely consistent across selected regions. The greatest effect of
climate change and land use is observed for carnivores. Both, land use
intensification and climate change, cause a substantial decrease in the
biomass of different functional groups, while some functional groups
(generalists, omnivores), partially benefit. Large endotherms are
negatively affected by land use intensification, while ectotherms are
under pressure from rising temperatures in a changing climate. Arid and
tropical regions show a higher response to climate change, with losses
of up to -3.4% and -1.9% in total biomass, while areas with low net
primary productivity show the most negative response to land use
intensification (up to -6.7% in total biomass). Our results suggest
that land use intensification (a) has a significant impact on larger
organisms and predators, leading to a major restructuring of global food
webs, (b) Ectotherms are particularly vulnerable to rising temperatures,
and (c) regions in tropical or arid climates experience significant
changes in their community composition and will be threatened in their
biodiversity.
Estimated Energy and Emissions Impacts of Pumping Pacific Ocean Water to Great Salt Lake
Authors: Sowby Robert B. , Williams Gustavious P. , South Andrew J.
Published: August 2023

Great Salt Lake has receded in recent years. Among many options proposed
to augment inflows is a pipeline from the Pacific Ocean. To inform
discussion, we estimate a lower bound for the ongoing energy
requirements, assuming one-third of the recommended additional inflow
will be pumped through a single, smooth, large-diameter diameter
pipeline along a fictitious, shortest route without mountains.
Accordingly, pumping would require at least 400 megawatts of electricity
during operation, an amount equivalent to a large power plant, or 11%
of Utah’s annual electricity demand. Given current energy prices and
fuel mixes, the electricity would cost over $300,000,000 annually and
emit nearly 1,000,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide annually, equivalent
to 200,000 passenger vehicles. The figures could easily triple with
longer routes, mountainous terrain, higher flows, smaller diameters,
multiple pipelines, less-efficient pumps, and any required treatment. We
present this estimate trusting that feasibility studies will include
complete details.
Radiative impacts of Californian marine low clouds on North Pacific climate
Authors: Miyamoto Ayumu , Nakamura Hisashi , Xie Shang-Ping , Miyasaka Takafumi , Kosaka Yu
Published: August 2023

The northeastern Pacific climate system is featured by an extensive
low-cloud deck off California on the southeastern flank of the
subtropical high that accompanies intense northeasterly trades and
relatively low sea surface temperatures (SSTs). This study assesses
climatological impacts of the low-cloud deck and their seasonal
differences by regionally turning on and off the low-cloud radiative
effect in a fully coupled atmosphere-ocean model. The simulations
demonstrate that the cloud radiative effect causes a local SST decrease
of up to 3ºC on an annual average with the response extending
southwestward with intensified trade winds, indicative of the
wind-evaporation-SST (WES) feedback. This non-local wind response is
strong in summer, when the SST decrease peaks due to increased shortwave
cooling, and persists into autumn. In these seasons when the background
SST is high, the lowered SST suppresses deep-convective precipitation
that would otherwise occur in the absence of the low-cloud deck. The
resultant anomalous diabatic cooling induces a surface anticyclonic
response with the intensified trades that promote the WES feedback. Such
seasonal enhancement of the atmospheric response does not occur without
air-sea couplings. The enhanced trades accompany intensified
upper-tropospheric westerlies, strengthening the vertical wind shear
that, together with the lowered SST, acts to shield Hawaii from powerful
hurricanes. On the basin scale, the anticyclonic surface wind response
accelerates the North Pacific subtropical ocean gyre to speed up the
Kuroshio by as much as 30%. SST thereby increases along the Kuroshio
and its extension, intensifying upward turbulent heat fluxes from the
ocean to increase precipitation.
Changing pattern of springtime biomass burning over Peninsular Southeast Asia (PSEA) in recent decades
Authors: Babu Saginela Ravindra , Lin Neng-Huei
Published: August 2023

The focus of this study is to present the recent changes in BB activity
over PSEA by considering decadal changes, 5-year ensemble mean analysis,
and long-term trends from twenty years (2001-2020) of Moderate
Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) active fire counts. The
results revealed that overall springtime BB activity significantly
decreased over the past decade (2011-2020) compared to the previous
decade (2001-2010). Surprisingly, the individual monthly analysis
revealed that BB activity over PSEA decreased substantially in March,
whereas in April it increased significantly over the past decade (2011
to 2020). Further, 5-year ensemble means revealed, BB activity over
northern PSEA in March sharply increased during 2006–2010, and
moderately increased in 2011-2015 followed by a profound decrease in
2016-2020. Whereas, in April, the BB activity showed a pronounced
increase in the 2011-2015 and 2016-2020 periods over northern Laos
compared to the rest of PSEA. The observed changes in the BB activity
are strongly reflected in the BB aerosols and gases. The MERRA-2
reanalysis total surface mass concentration-PM, BB
black carbon, and MOPITT satellite observed surface carbon monoxide (CO)
showed a significant decrease over northern PSEA in March and a strong
enhancement was evident over northern Laos in April.  Finally, the trend
analysis in BB activity shows a significant increasing trend over Laos
and Cambodia, and a decreasing trend was found rest of the PSEA. These
findings have important implications for future BB management strategies
and regional climate in the PSEA region.
Near-orthogonal orientations of active conjugate faults in the Anza-Borrego shear zone, Southern California
Authors: Zou Xiaoyu , Fialko Yuri , Dennehy Andrew , Cloninger Alexander , Semnani Shabnam
Published: August 2023

We investigate orientations of small active faults in the Anza-Borrego
shear zone to the south of the Salton Sea, Southern California. We use
LINSCAN, a new algorithm for identifying quasi-linear clusters of
earthquakes, to identify seismogenic strike-slip faults in the study
area. LINSCAN, a derivative of OPTICS, is an unsupervised learning
algorithm which uses a distance function based on Kullback-Leibler
divergence rather than Euclidean distance to find clusters of points
that are not only geometrically close, but also have a preferred
orientation. We evaluate dihedral angles between the identified sets of
left- and right-lateral faults. The dihedral angles are normally
distributed around
$\sim$80$^\circ$, much larger than
expected assuming optimal fault orientations and the coefficient of
friction of 0.6–0.8. We show that the observed fault orientations are
best explained by fault rotation away from the principal shortening axis
due to a cumulated tectonic strain.
Integration of Blockchain and Edge Computing in Healthcare: Accountability and Collaboration
Authors: Kothari Rakshit
Published: August 2023

A decentralized, safe, and effective ecosystem is created in the healthcare industry through the integration of blockchain and edge computing. Secure data interchange, real-time analytics, enhanced privacy, and patient-centered treatment are all made possible. Realizing the full potential of integrating blockchain and edge computing for health care will need accountability and collaboration. It will make it possible to create reliable, secure, and cooperative healthcare organizations that will increase patient care, protect the confidentiality of information, and support cutting-edge applications for healthcare. Our Solution is to share data safely and cooperatively, improve patient confidentiality, and support healthcare data's ethical and accountable use. In this paper, we propose that combining blockchain technology with edge computing in healthcare is intended to improve accountability and teamwork. The methodologies used in integrating deep learning deploy various models on edge devices such as Q-Learning and Deep Q-Networks (DQN), SVM, etc. In conclusion, the application of edge computing and blockchain in the healthcare sector offers fascinating possibilities for cooperation and accountability. Healthcare systems may improve data security, privacy, interoperability, and real-time analytics by combining the advantages of the two technologies. The delivery of healthcare might change as a result of this integration, which could also foster cooperative research and eventually enhance patient outcomes.
Chronic Glucocorticoid Exposure Induced an S1PR2-RORγ Axis to Enhance Hepatic Gluconeogenesis in Male Mice
Authors: Lee Rebecca A. , Chang Maggie , Tsay Ariel , Lee Yeong Rim , Li Danielle , Yiv Nicholas , Tian Sharon , Zhao Michelle , O’Brien Richard M. , Wang Jen-Chywan
Published: August 2023

It is well established that chronic glucocorticoid exposure causes hyperglycemia. While glucocorticoid receptor (GR) stimulates hepatic gluconeogenic gene transcription, additional mechanisms are activated by chronic glucocorticoid exposure to enhance gluconeogenesis. We found that chronic glucocorticoid treatment activated sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)–mediated signaling. Hepatic knockdown of hepatic S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) had no effect on chronic glucocorticoid-induced glucose intolerance but elevated fasting plasma insulin levels. In contrast, hepatic S1PR3 knockdown exacerbated chronic glucocorticoid-induced glucose intolerance without affecting fasting plasma insulin levels. Finally, hepatic S1PR2 knockdown attenuated chronic glucocorticoid-induced glucose intolerance and reduced fasting plasma insulin levels. Here, we focused on dissecting the role of S1PR2 signaling in chronic glucocorticoid response on glucose homeostasis. We found that chronic glucocorticoid-induced hepatic gluconeogenesis, gluconeogenic gene expression, and GR recruitment to the glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) of gluconeogenic genes were all reduced in hepatic S1PR2 knockdown male mice. Hepatic S1PR2 knockdown also enhanced glucocorticoid suppression of RAR-related orphan receptor γ (RORγ) expression. Hepatic RORγ overexpression in hepatic S1PR2 knockdown mice restored glucocorticoid-induced glucose intolerance, gluconeogenic gene expression, and GR recruitment to their GREs. Conversely, RORγ antagonist and the reduction of hepatic RORγ expression attenuated such glucocorticoid effects. Thus, chronic glucocorticoid exposure induces an S1PR2-RORγ axis to cooperate with GR to enhance hepatic gluconeogenesis. Overall, this work provides novel mechanisms of and pharmaceutical targets against steroid-induced hyperglycemia.

Article Highlights
Ensino Religioso
Authors: Bermudes Alexandra Adir Jessuino
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo teve como objeto o Ensino Religioso enquanto segmento da Educação contemporânea influenciado tanto por forças tradicionais quanto por adventos contemporâneos, como os anseios por liberdade e respeito à diversidade. Além disso, essa disciplina passou por diversas transformações, acompanhando a formação da sociedade brasileira e nos últimos anos pode receber um melhor tratamento à luz das Ciências das Religiões e ter recebido status de área de conhecimento na Base Nacional Comum Curricular, consolidou seu grau de importância na construção da cidadania. É perceptível o fato de que muitos profissionais e famílias ainda não entendem que há um sentido objetivo imposto para desenvolver o componente curricular de Ensino Religioso, que se propõe a desenvolver um conhecimento sobre diferentes religiões, crenças e sobre as culturas dos povos que a professam por meio da linguagem tangível com que manifestam suas verdades.
Development of Moral Education in Students Through Religious Extracuriculars in Senior High Schools
Authors: Oktarinda Oktarinda , Ulawal Romi , Wulandari Wulandari , Musfiroh Wardiyatun
Published: August 2023

The cultivation of moral education is not only implemented in class subject matter, but can be implemented in extracurricular activities at school. Each school has extracurricular activities including religious activities. In fact, the cultivation of moral education can be carried out in religious extracurricular activities. This study aims to explore whether the form of the activity, description of the implementation, and the results of the activity. This research was written using a qualitative method with a case study type. Sources of data were taken through direct interviews with ten informants using a set of interview protocols. The informants consisted of student representatives, extracurricular coaches and students who took part in the activity. All interview results were analyzed thematically using the Miles and Huberman technique. The research findings found three forms of high school religious extracurricular activities, namely; i) Anisa forum, ii) memorizing the Qur’an, iii) regular religious lectures. The implementation of religious extracurricular activities is in accordance with a predetermined schedule. The results of cultivating religious extracurriculars on the moral education of students have succeeded in finding the results of each form of activity, namely; i). good and true and happy in studying religion. The findings of this study can be used as initial data for subsequent researchers to examine the problems of this research in different contexts and issues.
The Role of Islamic Education Teachers in the Middle of Society in Religious Activities
Authors: Mardiana Puja Dikusuma , Ikhsan Muhammad , Analka Abelhadji
Published: August 2023

Islamic Education is a compulsory subject in education in Indonesia on the basis of the Qur'an and Hadith, to achieve its learning objectives, namely faith and character, various instruments are needed, one of which is teaching staff. This study aims to find out what the role of a religious teacher is in religious activities in the community. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Sources of data were taken from five informants through interviews, all informants are active educators from several educational institutions. The results of the study show that the social role of a teacher in religious activities in the community, namely being an imam or lecturer at tarawih prayers and IED prayers, preachers and priests for Friday prayers, teaching at the Qur'an educational parks, committees for commemorating Islamic holidays, and participate in religious social services. This role is also supported by different motives for each informant. The results of this study can be used as initial data for subsequent researchers to further study the same issue.