bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Processo de design em equipes: identificação de lacunas e oportunidades para gestão no contexto acadêmico
Authors: Pereira Leandro Lopes , Merino Giselle Schmidt Alves Díaz
Published: September 2022

A prática projetual no design no contexto acadêmico apresenta características próprias, especialmente por sua finalidade na formação de futuros profissionais. Docentes e discentes envolvidos neste contexto, apresentam objetivos, demandas e expectativas para produção de resultados satisfatórios para os projetos desenvolvidos. Destacam-se aspectos como infraestrutura e recursos (materiais, financeiros, humanos e outros) disponíveis, além de restrições que possam condicionar o desenvolvimento dos projetos. Compreender as relações entre as expectativas geradas para a realização dos projetos, o que de fato ocorre durante este processo e os resultados obtidos, pode contribuir para que a formação esteja adequada à realidade dos envolvidos. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar lacunas e oportunidades de intervenção para a gestão do processo de design no contexto acadêmico. Para tanto, foram realizados levantamentos a partir da literatura e de campo, os quais possibilitaram a Identificação de lacunas e oportunidades para contribuições futuras. Dos resultados, observou-se pontos comuns entre a literatura e a pesquisa de campo, como por exemplo a influência do espaço físico para os resultados do projeto. A pesquisa apresenta especificidades concernentes ao contexto acadêmico, com ênfase ao pré-desenvolvimento e estruturação do projeto, por meio de questões a serem tratadas como oportunidades para proposição de respostas direcionadas ao ensino de projeto.
Sequenciamento histórico statecrafting do Brasil
Authors: Sola Lourdes , Caldeira Jorge
Published: September 2022

A partir do sequenciamento das estruturas formais de governo no Brasil com base em sua resistência no tempo e mudanças em conjunturas críticas, este artigo traz algumas sugestões para entender o imbricamento entre as transformações registradas nos sequenciamentos dessas estruturas formais de poder e de governo do Brasil com aquilo que a literatura comparada consagra: a institucionalização do Estado nunca foi um processo uniforme, nem geográfica nem historicamente. Nem tampouco unilinear. Os caminhos para a statehood variaram conforme as forças sociais que deram impulso à formação dos atributos básicos desse fenômeno; conforme o momento histórico e a raniaordem de sua entrada em cena. E, não menos importante, conforme sua forma de integração nas relações de poder mais amplas que o englobam e sustentam.
As vias tortuosas da democracia e a crise da representação no Brasil
Authors: Abranches Sérgio
Published: September 2022

A crise da democracia se expressa, em todo o mundo, como desconfiança na política e pela contestação dos partidos e políticos tradicionais. No Brasil, as aflições da transição global se somaram aos efeitos negativos de falhas sucessivas de governança, que levaram a um ciclo reiterado de expansões curtas seguidas de estagnação e recessão, além dos históricos déficits sociais refletidos na miséria, na pobreza e na desigualdade estruturais.
Evaluating the Cardiovascular Risk in an Aging Population of People With HIV: The Impact of Hepatitis C Virus Coinfection
Authors: Lang Raynell , Humes Elizabeth , Hogan Brenna , Lee Jennifer , D'Agostino Ralph , Massaro Joseph , Kim Arthur , Meigs James B. , Borowsky Leila , He Wei , Lyass Asya , Cheng David , Kim H. Nina , Klein Marina B. , Cachay Edward R. , Bosch Ronald J. , Gill M. John , Silverberg Michael J. , Thorne Jennifer E. , McGinnis Kathleen , Horberg Michael A. , Sterling Timothy R. , Triant Virginia A. , Althoff Keri N.
Published: September 2022

Background

People with HIV (PWH) are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with an unknown added impact of hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection. We aimed to identify whether HCV coinfection increases the risk of type 1 myocardial infarction (T1MI) and if the risk differs by age.

Methods and Results

We used data from NA‐ACCORD (North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design) from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2017, PWH (aged 40–79 years) who had initiated antiretroviral therapy. The primary outcome was an adjudicated T1MI event. Those who started direct‐acting HCV antivirals were censored at the time of initiation. Crude incidence rates per 1000 person‐years were calculated for T1MI by calendar time. Discrete time‐to‐event analyses with complementary log–log models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CIs for T1MI among those with and without HCV. Among 23 361 PWH, 4677 (20%) had HCV. There were 89 (1.9%) T1MIs among PWH with HCV and 314 (1.7%) among PWH without HCV. HCV was not associated with increased T1MI risk in PWH (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.74–1.30]). However, the risk of T1MI increased with age and was amplified in those with HCV (adjusted hazard ratio per 10‐year increase in age, 1.85 [95% CI, 1.38–2.48]) compared with those without HCV (adjusted hazard ratio per 10‐year increase in age,1.30 [95% CI, 1.13–1.50];
P
<0.001, test of interaction).

Conclusions

HCV coinfection was not significantly associated with increased T1MI risk; however, the risk of T1MI with increasing age was greater in those with HCV compared with those without, and HCV status should be considered when assessing CVD risk in aging PWH.
Power, Ideology, and Economics during the Cold War
Authors: Berghahn Volker R.
Published: September 2022

Ostermann’s Between Containment and Rollback is much more than a monograph; it is his long-awaited, comprehensive analysis of both U.S. and Soviet policies between 1945 and 1953. Drawing on available primary materials from American and former East German archives, as well as secondary literature in English, German, and Russian, the book focuses not only on American and Soviet decision makers; it also takes into account the British, French, and West Germans. It tells the story of the enormous costs of Soviet-American rollback policies during the early years of the Cold War.
Movement dynamics of gibbons after the construction of canopy bridges over a park road
Authors: Saralamba Chanpen , José-Domínguez Juan Manuel , Asensio Norberto
Published: September 2022

Gibbons (Hylobatidae) are species highly adapted to tree-top living. Thus, their movement can be compromised due to the negative impact roads have on canopy habitats. In this study, we built two single-rope artificial canopy bridges and a ladder bridge at two out of five locations where a group of white-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar) in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand were known to cross a main park road. We compared road crossing frequencies, home-range characteristics, and other ad libitum observations during the periods before and after bridge installation. After bridge construction was complete, the group took 10 weeks to use the single rope bridges to navigate over the road. During 442 group follow observation hours and 539 bridge observation hours, 131 crosses over the road were observed. The adult female usually crossed the road first, and the group showed a clear preference for the single-rope bridges over the ladder bridge (92 crossings versus 5). Gibbons crossed the road approximately once a day and crossed mostly at the bridge locations both before and after bridge construction. There were not significant changes in crossing rates from before (crossing between the tree branches and on the ground) to after bridge installation at both the places where bridges were installed (crossing using the bridges). Nonetheless, with more crossings being in the bridges than on the ground after bridge installation, crossings were presumably safer. These findings suggest that gibbons will cross a road on the ground, risking predation, encountering people, or being hit by a vehicle, but artificial canopy bridges provided a safer crossing option since gibbons no longer crossed on the road or jumped across wide gaps at the two locations where bridges were constructed. Maintaining canopy connectivity over roads using artificial bridges logically improves home range connectivity, potentially gene flow, and safety of canopy dwellers. However, connecting areas which were not previously connected should be considered carefully. The new connection could disrupt group dynamics, particularly for species that defend territories, such as gibbons.
Muslim Solidarity in the UN General Assembly
Authors: Balci Ali , Duman Talha İsmail
Published: September 2022

In international politics, governments may tend to favor countries with which they share some degree of cultural affinity. Moreover, international organizations can strengthen solidarity among their members. Not surprisingly, Muslim countries, which came together under the umbrella of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), frequently state that they pursue Muslim solidarity in international politics. By looking at voting preferences of OIC member Muslim countries in the UN General Assembly about the selection of nonpermanent UN Security Council members, this article aims to understand Muslim solidarity in international politics. For this, the article uses newspaper reports, political statements, secret intelligence reports, and interviews regarding the votes of Muslim countries in contested elections in which a Muslim country competed with its non-Muslim rival for the same Security Council seat.
Politicizing Global Governance Institutions in Times of Crisis
Authors: Yang Hai
Published: September 2022

This article examines the politicization of the World Health Organization (WHO) over the course of the coronavirus pandemic (January–December 2020), a paradigmatic case of politicization of global governance institutions. During the pandemic, the WHO was subjected to considerable scrutiny and contestation. This research focuses on politicization at the level of behavior and discourse. Conceptually, it leverages the analytic purchase of politicization and framing. Empirically, it is based on a corpus comprising 505 texts gathered from key actors involved. The analysis not only lays bare the varying demands and arguments vis-à-vis the WHO, but foregrounds the broad consensus among the actors examined (barring the Donald Trump administration) on the imperative to support the organization. Additionally, seven distinct frames on the WHO are identified: Puppet, Handcuffed, Scapegoat, Irreplaceable, Botched, Comme il faut, and Battleground. Together, they offer a holistic overview of the diverse perspectives on the WHO and its pandemic response.
Empathy or Calculation?
Authors: Malacalza Bernabé , Fagaburu Debora
Published: September 2022

Vaccination geopolitics is an effort by the producer countries characterized by a struggle for access and influence that accompanies the export agreements, setting up of manufacturing plants, and donations. The Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated vaccine nationalism, United States–China clashes, and inequality of access in Latin America. This article offers an in-depth analysis of the geopolitical strategies emerging around vaccine transactions in the region. Focusing on the precedence of geopolitical concerns over health ones, the article uses a study of transaction distribution to analyze the political preferences of the United States and the European countries, China, India, and Russia. This points to two kinds of influence: the Chinese and Russian strategies are dominated by offensive and defensive political preferences combined with a ground-up economic diplomacy, while those of the United States, Europe, and India are also offensive-defensive, but the economic diplomacy is top down.
Description of three new species of the genus Cicurina Menge, 1871 from Guangdong, China (Araneae, Hahniidae)
Authors: LIAO RONGRONG , YIN HAIQIANG , HE AILAN , XU XIANG
Published: September 2022

Three new species of Cicurina Menge, 1871 are described based on specimens collected from Guangdong, China: C. bifurca Liao & Xu, spec. nov. (male), C. spiralis Liao & Xu, spec. nov. (male) and C. tetragongylodes Liao & Xu, spec. nov. (female). Detailed descriptions, photographs, drawings, and a distribution map of the three new species are provided, as well as a phylogenetic tree including the new species.
Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Substance Use: Using the Social Structure-Social Learning Model to Explore Drug Use in the LGBTQ+ Community
Authors: Stogner John , Rukus Joseph , Webber Wesley B. , Cramer Robert J. , Miller Bryan Lee
Published: September 2022

Members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other gender and sexual minority (LGBTQ+) community are disproportionately affected by illicit substance use, yet sexual orientation and gender identity are largely omitted from criminology frameworks. LGBTQ+ identity is incorporated into Akers’ Social Structure-Social Learning (SSSL) model to suggest that existing disparate substance use patterns may be attributed to variation in substance-related definitions, peer models, and reinforcement. Data from 2,349 young adults were used to estimate structural equations models. LGBTQ+ respondents reported greater substance use than peers. Consistent with theoretical expectations, this relationship was fully mediated by social learning constructs. This study justifies incorporating sexual orientation and gender identity into the SSSL model and suggests peer-based substance use interventions are particularly influential within the LGBTQ+ community.
The Effects of Digital Textbooks on Students’ Academic Performance, Academic Interest, and Learning Skills
Authors: Lee Stephanie , Lee Ju-Ho , Jeong Youngsik
Published: September 2022

The advances in information and communications technology and the digitization of services offer new ways to reach, engage with, and provide services to consumers. Recent advances in technology have fueled the rapid growth of digitization in education, and the education industry has witnessed radical changes in the provision and delivery of its products and services. Digital textbooks, which are equipped with various learning resources including multimedia aids, assessment questions, and hyperlinks to external resources, can be an important channel for harnessing technologies in classrooms. Korea's digital textbook experiment provides a unique empirical setting to examine the effects of digital textbooks on students’ academic outcomes. The authors employ a panel regression model with teacher fixed effects, propensity score weighting, and an instrumental variable strategy to find that greater usage of digital textbooks in class improves students’ academic performance, academic interest, and learning skills. The authors explore the heterogeneity in the utilization effect across student levels and find greater improvements in academic performance for low-achieving students. The findings have important managerial and policy implications for major stakeholders in the education sector, including teachers, school administrators, students, and policy makers.
How Consumers Respond to Embarrassing Service Encounters: A Dehumanization Perspective
Authors: Sun Yixia , Wang Xuehua , Hoegg JoAndrea , Dahl Darren W.
Published: September 2022

The current research advances understanding of how consumers respond to embarrassing service encounters. Across a combination of field and online studies, the authors provide evidence that (1) consumers prefer self-service to human services when purchasing embarrassing products or services; (2) when self-service is not available, consumers respond more positively to a mechanistic service provider than to a personable service provider; and (3) if consumers must engage in embarrassing social interactions, they dehumanize service providers, perceiving them as more mechanistic and less capable of emotional reactions than when engaging in nonembarrassing service interactions. The authors also examine consumers’ familiarity with the service provider as a boundary condition for the effect. Collectively, the results provide converging evidence for the proposed framework and have substantive implications for service management.
Discovering Online Shopping Preference Structures in Large and Frequently Changing Store Assortments
Authors: Kim Min , Zhang Jie
Published: September 2022

The authors develop an attribute-based mixed-membership model of consumers’ preference for stockkeeping units in store assortments. The model represents the underlying “topics of interest” that drive shopping behaviors as probability distributions over product attributes. It overcomes several limitations of latent Dirichlet allocation topic models and is particularly useful for making preference predictions in large and frequently changing store assortments. The authors apply the proposed model to investigate topics driving browsing and purchase activities in an online deal marketplace of fashion products and explore how preference structures evolve over time. They find commonalities and differences in the topics that drive the browsing and purchase stages of online shopping processes. In general, browsing covers a broader range of product attributes than purchases. Consumers tend to browse products of premium positioning and/or deep discounts in the deal marketplace, but when purchasing, they tend to gravitate toward lower-tiered products at their original prices and modest depths of discounts. The authors illustrate how insights from the proposed model can be utilized to profile consumers based on their price preferences and to improve personalized product recommendations. They show that the model's performance is particularly strong in predicting preferences for new products that are not in the existing assortment.
Stigma, Discrimination, and Mental Health Outcomes Among Transgender Women With Diagnosed HIV Infection in the United States, 2015-2018
Authors: Kota Krishna Kiran , Luo Qingwei , Beer Linda , Dasgupta Sharoda , McCree Donna Hubbard
Published: September 2022

Objective:

Transgender women with diagnosed HIV experience social and structural factors that could negatively affect their overall health and HIV-related health outcomes. We describe estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) of sociodemographic characteristics, HIV stigma, discrimination, and mental health outcomes among transgender women with diagnosed HIV.

Methods:

We analyzed pooled data of all transgender women with diagnosed HIV (N = 217) from the 2015 through 2018 MMP cycles. We reported unweighted frequencies, weighted percentages, and 95% CIs for all characteristics. We post-stratified data to known population totals by age, race and ethnicity, and sex at birth from the National HIV Surveillance System.

Results:

Approximately 46% of transgender women with diagnosed HIV identified as Black or African American, 67% lived at or below the federal poverty level, 18% had experienced homelessness in the past year, 26% experienced mild to severe symptoms of depression, 30% experienced mild to severe anxiety symptoms, 32% reported physical violence by an intimate partner, and 30% reported forced sex during their lifetime. Despite 80% being very satisfied with their current HIV care, 94% experienced current HIV stigma and 20% experienced health care–related discrimination since being diagnosed with HIV. Among transgender women with diagnosed HIV who experienced discrimination, 46% and 51% experienced health care discrimination attributed to their gender and sexual orientation or sexual practices, respectively.

Conclusions:

Our findings underscore a need to address unmet ancillary services, such as housing, intimate partner violence, and mental health needs, and the need for strategies to reduce experiences with HIV stigma and discrimination in care for transgender women with diagnosed HIV in the United States.
COVID-19 Vaccine Initiation and Dose Completion During the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Surge in the United States, December 2020–October 2021
Authors: Murthy Neil , Saelee Ryan , Patel Murthy Bhavini , Meng Lu , Shaw Lauren , Gibbs-Scharf Lynn , Harris LaTreace , Chorba Terence , Zell Elizabeth
Published: September 2022

Objectives:

In summer 2021, the number of COVID-19–associated hospitalizations in the United States increased with the surge of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant. We assessed how COVID-19 vaccine initiation and dose completion changed during the Delta variant surge, based on jurisdictional vaccination coverage before the surge.

Methods:

We analyzed COVID-19 vaccination data reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We classified jurisdictions (50 states and the District of Columbia) into quartiles ranging from high to low first-dose vaccination coverage among people aged ≥12 years as of June 30, 2021. We calculated first-dose vaccination coverage as of June 30 and October 31, 2021, and stratified coverage by quartile, age (12-17, 18-64, ≥65 years), and sex. We assessed dose completion among those who initiated a 2-dose vaccine series.

Results:

Of 51 jurisdictions, 15 reached at least 70% vaccination coverage before the Delta variant surge (ie, as of June 30, 2021), while 35 reached that goal as of October 31, 2021. Jurisdictions in the lowest quartile of vaccination coverage (44.9%-54.9%) had the greatest absolute (9.7%-17.9%) and relative (18.1%-39.8%) percentage increase in vaccination coverage during July 1–October 31, 2021. Of those who received the first dose during this period across all jurisdictions, nearly 1 in 5 missed the second dose.

Conclusions:

Although COVID-19 vaccination initiation increased during July 1–October 31, 2021, in jurisdictions in the lowest quartile of vaccination coverage, coverage remained below that of jurisdictions in the highest quartile of vaccination coverage before the Delta variant surge. Efforts are needed to improve access to and increase confidence in COVID-19 vaccines, especially in low-coverage areas.
Inequities in Student Exposure to Lead in Classroom Drinking Fountains: Descriptive Evidence Comparing Students within and Across Schools in Portland, Oregon
Authors: Spiegel Michelle , Penner Emily K. , Penner Andrew
Published: September 2022

We use novel information about fixture-specific water lead levels (WLLs) in Portland, Oregon schools to explore inequalities in students’ potential for exposure to lead in drinking water at school. We find that Black and Hispanic students were in classrooms with higher WLLs than white students primarily because they attended different schools. The elevated exposure of students with non-English first languages was also largely driven by sorting into different schools, although there were marginally significant differences between students within the same school. Our findings underscore the importance of broadly targeted remediation efforts like those implemented in Portland to address environmental injustices.
Patents as a Driver of the Unprecedented Biomedical Response to COVID-19
Authors: Mossoff Adam , Adalja Amesh
Published: September 2022

The response by the biotech and pharmaceutical sectors to the COVID-19 pandemic has been historically unprecedented. Vaccines based in cutting-edge technologies, such as the mRNA platform, were invented, tested, and distributed to patients in less than a year. Yet politicians and activists argue that patents and other intellectual property (IP) have impeded the development and distribution of these vaccines. In explaining why this is profoundly mistaken, this essay first describes the medical and economic uncertainties inherent in the production of vaccines, especially those made in response to an emerging infectious disease like COVID-19. This makes clear the unprecedented achievement in the mass production and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines in less than 1 year after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. It then describes the current manufacturing and licensing landscape, which was created on the basis of a market infrastructure built by reliable and effective patent rights. There is now a glut in the global supply of vaccine doses—and billions more doses are still being produced. The essay concludes by identifying the non-IP causes impeding global vaccine distribution, such as lack of infrastructure in the developing world, as well as regulatory restrictions and trade barriers. Those concerned with global vaccine equity should focus on policies to resolve these real-world problems.
Transforming Possible Risk Into Certain Harm: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis of the Literature on Perinatal Cannabis Use
Authors: Pack Rachael , Hilton Grace , Garcia-Bournissen Facundo , Taylor Taryn
Published: September 2022

Substance use in pregnancy has been a prominent public health concern for the last several decades. Since the legalization of cannabis in Canada and across several American states, cannabis use during pregnancy has gained considerable public health, scientific, and media attention. This critical interpretive synthesis explores how the problem of cannabis use in pregnancy is constructed in the scientific literature and illuminates clinical, social, and political responses this construction engenders. The state of empirical evidence regarding the impact of perinatal cannabis use is fraught; a number of studies, of variable quality, have found no associations between cannabis use and adverse neonatal outcomes, while others have found cannabis to be associated with low birthweight and prematurity among other risks. Despite the inconsistent nature of the evidence base, the literature is underpinned by two important assumptions: prenatal cannabis exposure is an asocial phenomenon that can be disentangled from the social determinants of health, and cannabis exposure has detrimental effects on fetal and neonatal health. These assumptions shape indicators of signal and noise in the data by influencing the significance ascribed to particular findings, producing patterns of data interpretation that ultimately transform evidence of potential harms into certain risks and creates the mirage of a cohesive, unambiguous evidence base. We argue that the way that cannabis use in pregnancy is framed as a scientific and public health problem in the literature contributes to the stigmatization of pregnant people who use substances. We caution that failure to consider the interplay between environment, resources and other social determinants of health may ultimately cause undue harm to families and foreclose opportunities for investments that may promote health and well-being.
Sanitized boundaries, sanitized homes: COVID-19 and the sporadic hyper-precarity of migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong
Authors: Chan Yuk Wah , Piper Nicola
Published: September 2022

This paper explores the “sporadic hyper-precarity” encountered by migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong when the city was hit by the Omicron outbreaks in early 2022. Migrant workers have long been suffering from job insecurity and structural vulnerability due to the contractization and flexibilization of work. The paper discusses how this structural vulnerability came to intersect with the health risks induced by the COVID pandemic. Adding to the debates of the structural precarity characterizing migrant work, we will further interrogate how workers are also susceptible to “sporadic hyper-precarity” – the kind of sporadic risks, uncertainty, vulnerabilities and stigmatization at times of crisis. The paper will elaborate on the “sanitized divide” and “care divide” between local families and domestic workers that has resulted in the unequal treatment of workers.
Interactive Effects of Receiver Power and Generator Status on Endorsement of Creative Ideas
Authors: Zhou Jing , Wu Junfeng , Wang Xiaoye May
Published: September 2022

Few studies have focused on how power influences an idea receiver's endorsement of creative ideas. By integrating associative evaluation theory with insights from the power literature, we identify power as an important receivers’ factor that accentuates the relation between an idea's creativity level and receivers’ endorsement. We contend that the idea generator's status is a boundary condition and, together with creativity level, the idea generator's status jointly influences the degree to which idea receivers’ power affects idea endorsement. We conducted four studies to test our hypotheses. Study 1 was a laboratory experiment. It found a two-way interaction of receiver power and creativity level, showing that compared to low-power receivers, high-power receivers expressed stronger endorsement of ideas with high levels of creativity. Study 2 was a field study in a manufacturing company. It replicated Study 1's findings and further found a three-way interaction showing that the moderating effect of receiver power was strengthened when the generator had higher rather than lower status. Studies 3 and 4 respectively replicated the two-way and three-way interactions using experiments and demonstrated positive associations as the theorized mediator, providing empirical support for the positive association account. We discuss implications of these studies and call for future research to deepen our understanding of how creative ideas are endorsed in the workplace.
Addressing the Cause-Related Marketing Paradox for Luxury Brands to Increase Prosocial Behavior and Well-Being
Authors: Kim Sukhyun , Park Kiwan , Shrum L. J.
Published: September 2022

Although luxury firms have come under increasing pressure to engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, they have traditionally been hesitant to engage because of the CSR–luxury paradox: the values and motivations underlying luxury consumption (self-enhancement) may conflict with the values and motivations underlying prosocial behavior (self-transcendence), and thus their CSR initiatives may not only be ineffective, they may actually harm the brand. In this commentary, we discuss research on the strategies and tactics luxury brands can use to nudge luxury consumers to engage in their cause-related marketing (CRM) initiatives by aligning the values of their luxury customers with the symbolic values of their CRM offerings and thus increase the impact of the prosocial causes on societal well-being. This research supports the objectives of transformative luxury research (TLR) in integrating luxury consumption into the mission and vision of transformative consumer research (TCR).
Evaluation of Motion Segment Size as a New Sensor-based Functional Outcome Measure in Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Nam Hyung Seok , Lee Woo Hyung , Seo Han Gil , Smuck Matthew W. , Kim Sungwan
Published: September 2022

Objective

To evaluate a novel parameter, motion segment size (MSS), in stroke patients with upper limb impairment and validate its clinical applicability by correlating results with a standard clinical task-based functional evaluation tool.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, patients with hemiplegia and healthy controls equipped with multiple inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors performed Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) and activities of daily living (ADL) tasks. Acceleration of the wrist and Euler angles of each upper limb segment were measured. The average and maximum MSS, accumulated motion, total performance time, and average motion speed (AMS) were extracted for analysis.

Results

Data from nine patients and 10 controls showed that the average MSS of forearm supination/pronation and elbow flexion/extension during full ARAT tasks showed a significant difference between patients and controls and a significant correlation with ARAT scores.

Conclusions

We suggest that MSS may provide clinically relevant information regarding upper limb functional status in stroke patients.
Aggravation of dysphagia after surgical removal of anterior cervical osteophytes: a case report
Authors: Go Young-In , Kim Gi-Wook , Won Yu-Hui , Park Sung-Hee , Ko Myoung-Hwan , Seo Jeong-Hwan , Kim Da-Sol
Published: September 2022

Dysphagia induced by anterior cervical osteophytes (ACOs) is frequently reported in older individuals. Surgical resection of ACOs is considered when conservative treatment fails, but its effectiveness is controversial owing to side effects after surgery. We present the case of a 78-year-old man who complained of progressive dysphagia that started 10 months previously. A videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) showed prominent ACOs along C2–C6, which translocated the upper hypopharynx anteriorly, impinging the lumen and impairing epiglottic folding and laryngeal closure. Aspiration of a soft diet was observed. Despite conservative therapy, the symptoms persisted, and ACO resection surgery was performed. Unexpectedly, the patient’s dysphagia worsened immediately post-surgery. A VFSS on postoperative day (POD) 2 showed improvement in epiglottic folding. However, prevertebral soft tissue swelling and dysfunction of opening of the upper esophageal sphincter newly arose. Laryngeal aspiration was observed during 5 cc and a large amount of liquid swallowing trials. The patient was provided a modified diet and rehabilitative dysphagia therapy. A VFSS on PODs 6 and 14 showed a gradual improvement in the prevertebral soft tissue swelling. This report suggests that a serial VFSS is effective for evaluating the different mechanisms of dysphagia and for devising an appropriate treatment plan.
Evaluating the collection and composition of plastic waste in the digital waste bank and the reduction of potential leakage into the ocean
Authors: Brasika Ida Bagus Mandhara , Hendrawan I Gede , Karang I Wayan Gede Astawa , Pradnyaswari I Gusti Agung Indira , Pratiwi Ni Putu Oka Mia Krisna , Wiguna I Gede Marta
Published: September 2022

Most ocean plastic pollution results from leakage from waste management activities on land, mainly in coastline communities. In this research, the digitalization of waste management will be evaluated to improve the prevention of leakage. The digitalization means introducing mobile apps into the waste bank that can improve waste management efficiency while providing reliable data. The data on waste management were gained from Griya Luhu App which has been used in 13 villages around Gianyar, while the waste generation was calculated from 97 samples. Then, the villages were categorized by their potential risk of waste leakage based on their distances from the shore. First, the growth of digital waste banks based on the number of units, the number of customers and the amount of waste-managed was analyzed. Second, the composition of waste collected was evaluated. Last, inorganic waste generation (IWG) from digital waste banks was reduced. The results showed that digital waste banks and the customers had grown rapidly in 1 year. The number of waste bank units grew from 0 to 80 with an increase to a total of 5500 customers during the same period with a maximum of 20 tons of waste managed per month. In general, digital waste banks have shown promising performance in preventing waste leakage into the ocean with a 54.04% reduction of IWG. Compared to this reduction percentage, Tulikup as a high-risk village has a considerably low reduction (30.30%) and should be prioritized. Furthermore, the ability to manage a village with a high population/number of customers should be improved.
Evaluation of the Effect of Self-Efficacy on Symptoms in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients
Authors: Ozkaraman Ayşe , Kazak Aysun , Dudaklı Nuran , Ozen Hülya
Published: September 2022

Objective: The incidence of gastrointestinal cancer is increasing day by day and is among the highest 10 cancer types in the world. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of self-efficacy of patients with gastrointestinal system cancer on symptom clusters. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 105 patients treated for gastrointestinal system cancer in a hospital located in the south of Turkey. In the study, patients over 18 years of age without hearing or speech impairment were included. To determine symptom clusters, Latent Profile Analysis and comparison of self-efficacy scale items by symptom clusters were performed with Chi-square, ANOVA, and Kruskal Wallis test. Results: The mean age of the patients was 58.83 ± 13.1 years; of the patients, 37.1% had colon ca, 21.9% had rectum ca. The patients had higher mean scores of fatigue, pain, feeling distressed, feeling sad, dry mouth, sleep disturbance, loss of appetite and nausea in the last week. The patients had higher mean scores of fatigue, pain, feeling distressed, feeling sad, dry mouth, sleep disturbance, loss of appetite and nausea in the last week. Three symptom clusters were determined by latent profile analysis; high, moderate, mild. It was determined that the level of self-efficacy was high in the symptom cluster which is low symptom severity and number of symptoms ( p < .05). Conclusion: The number and the severity of symptoms are lower in patients with high self-efficacy perceptions.
Factors Influencing Engagement with in-Person Intensive Care Unit Recovery Clinic Services
Authors: Boehm Leanne M. , Danesh Valerie , LaNoue Marianna , Trochez Ricardo J. , Jones Abigail C. , Kimpel Christine C. , Sevin Carla M.
Published: September 2022

Background: Intensive Care Unit recovery clinics (ICU-RC), are multidisciplinary outpatient clinics designed to identify and treat post-intensive care syndrome impairments unique to each survivor of critical illness. Engagement is limited, thus we aimed to describe patient- and hospitalization-related sociodemographic factors associated with scheduling and attending in-person ICU-RC visits. Design: Consecutive case series of prospectively collected ICU-RC referral data. Setting: Data was collected over a 9-year period (2012–2020) for patients referred to an ICU-RC from ICUs at an academic medical center in the southeast United States. Participants: 251 adults admitted to a medical, surgical, burn, or trauma ICU referred to the ICU-RC and eligible to be scheduled for a visit. Main Outcome and Measures: The main study outcome was scheduling and completing an ICU-RC visit. Independent variables included patient demographics, ICU visit characteristics (eg, diagnosis, ventilator days), severity of illness, discharge disposition, ICU-RC referral criteria (eg, shock, delirium), and clinic scheduling administrative data (eg, referral date, clinic visit date). Results: Of 251 ICU-RC referrals eligible for a visit, 128 were scheduled, and 91 completed a visit. In univariate models older age, unspecified shock, and distance from the clinic location were associated with decreased in-person ICU-RC engagement. In a multivariable logistic regression using the same predictors and interactions, older age, unspecified shock, and home-to-clinic distance remained as factors decreasing the likelihood of ICU-RC engagement. There was a decreasing likelihood of scheduling and attending an ICU-RC visit for every additional mile of distance the patient lived from the ICU-RC. Male sex was a strong predictor of completing an ICU-RC visit. Conclusions: Older ICU survivors and those who live farther from the clinic site are less likely to engage in an in-person ICU-RC. Innovation and telemedicine strategies are needed to improve access to ICU recovery care for these populations.
Study of preload relaxation and optimization of wind turbine bolted connections based on the improved elastic interaction coefficient method
Authors: Huang Hua , Wang Yonghe , Wei Tai , Yao Jiajing , Xue Wenhu
Published: September 2022

The preload relaxation is always caused by elastic interaction in the process of the wind turbine bolt tightening. To address the problem, the effects of the initial preload level, the tightening sequence on the preload are investigated based on theory calculation and finite element (FE) analysis. Moreover, this study proposes a preload optimization method based on the improved elastic interaction coefficient method (EICM), and the effectiveness of the method is verified by using FE analysis. The result shows that the improved EICM can be employed to analyze the interaction between the bolts, predict the variation of preload and confirm the initial preload that satisfies the pre-tighting conditions, as well as improve the practicality of the EICM and the calculation efficiency.
Study on an architecture of ontology-based task modeling and deduction for automotive troubleshooting service
Authors: Liang Jeremy S
Published: September 2022

The rapid development of today’s smart automobile with increasing functionality and complexity, which results in rising requirement and cost for its troubleshooting service in the after-sales stage. Hence, to keep the firm’s competitive strength, effective design knowledge utilization of automotive created from the task model can promote the feasibility making of a troubleshooting procedure by offering available relationships and semantic scheme of task. The proposed architecture primarily consists of base, field and application three tiers. A formalized representation of ontology, OWL, is used to organize the base filed. The filed tier includes extensional notions and relations for integration of troubleshooting and a criterion repository for verifying solution feasibility, which is depicted in SWRL. In the application tier, a deducing module is generated on the basis of ontology and criterion deduction. To enhance this semantics, in this research, a task modeling and deduction mechanism with feature-intensive ontology are proposed to clearly represent correlative notions for automotive troubleshooting planning (ATP). A criterion-based deducing module on the basis of OWL-DL and SWRL is also applied to specify implied relations through merging deducing modules (DMs) to deal with complex feature data. Eventually, this proposed architecture is examined and verified with an instance relevant to automotive troubleshooting procedure.
Flavor Sensing in Utero and Emerging Discriminative Behaviors in the Human Fetus
Authors: Ustun Beyza , Reissland Nadja , Covey Judith , Schaal Benoist , Blissett Jacqueline
Published: September 2022

The diet of pregnant women exposes fetuses to a variety of flavors consisting of compound sensations involving smell, taste, and chemesthesis. The effects of such prenatal flavor exposure on chemosensory development have so far been measured only postnatally in human infants. Here, we report the first direct evidence of human fetal responsiveness to flavors transferred via maternal consumption of a single-dose capsule by measuring frame-by-frame fetal facial movements. Pregnant women and their fetuses based in the northeast of England were involved in this study from 32 to 36 weeks’ gestation. Fetuses exposed to carrot flavor ( n = 35) showed “lip-corner puller” and “laughter-face gestalt” more frequently, whereas fetuses exposed to kale flavor ( n = 34) showed more “upper-lip raiser,” “lower-lip depressor,” “lip stretch,” “lip presser,” and “cry-face gestalt” in comparison with the carrot group and a control group not exposed to any flavors ( n = 30). The complexity of facial gestalts increased from 32 to 36 weeks in the kale condition, but not in the carrot condition. Findings of this study have important implications for understanding the earliest evidence for fetal abilities to sense and discriminate different flavors.
Limitations of the asymptotic equations for exterior sound waves
Authors: Morshed Mir MM
Published: September 2022

The determination of exterior sound field due to incident plane waves on a cylinder may be of importance in many areas of acoustics. Applications in acoustics include detecting, locating and classifying objects that generate a scattered sound field excited by the incident sound waves. The exterior sound field in the acoustic domain due to incident plane waves on a cylinder can be determined analytically and numerically. However, it has been observed that for convergence the asymptotic expressions of the analytical models used in the literature required infinite number of terms in the series calculations or are seldom restricted either by low or high frequency limit or the requirement of near-field and far-field approximations. This paper investigates the reasons that caused the nonconformity of the asymptotic analytical expressions. The investigation thus carried out based on the numerically determined exterior sound field using the boundary element method (BEM) and compared with the results obtained using the governing expressions. The comparisons showed good agreement when the governing expressions are not restricted, but nonconformity occurs when they are restricted.
Investigating the asymmetric effects of renewable energy-carbon neutrality nexus: Can technological innovation, trade openness, and transport services deliver the target for Germany?
Authors: Ibrahim Ridwan Lanre , Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday , Awosusi Abraham Ayobamiji , Ajide Kazeem Bello , Adewuyi Adeolu O. , Bolarinwa Fatimah Ololade
Published: September 2022

The present millennium records the most devastating effects of global warming than what was evident in the pre-industrial era. The pervasive effects of global warming have raised concerns about the sustainability of the present and future generations. Hence, researchers are working assiduously towards proffering the most effective method of halting the surging emissions from global, regional, and national angles. This study contributes to the extant literature by providing the first empirical verification of how renewable energy, technological innovations, trade openness, and transport services impact carbon emissions in Germany. The empirical evidence is anchored on annual time series data from 1990 to 2020 estimated using the novel nonlinear ARDL to explore the positive and negative shocks associated with the short and long-run nexus. The wavelet coherence estimator is equally for ascertaining the multiple time scales in the time series and extends the knowledge frontier to the literature. The following findings are eminent from the overall analyses. First, long-run cointegration is supported among the variables of interest Second, only the adverse effects of renewable energy and technology are substantial enough to mitigate carbon emissions. The trade-induced emissions are established with the positive impacts of trade openness on carbon emissions. Transport services contribute significantly to carbon emissions in the long-run and short-run periods. However, mitigating effects of small magnitude are apparent in the long-run due to the perceived transition to green transportation. Policy implications supporting the transition to 100% renewable energy and green transportation are significant steps towards achieving Germany's carbon neutrality target.
Gerd Jüttemann’s “historical psychology”: Why it should have succeeded, why it was ignored, and what that means for the future
Authors: Hutmacher Fabian
Published: September 2022

Over recent years, several publications have drawn attention to the fact that mainstream psychology has neglected cross-temporal variability and the historicity of the human psyche. One of the early proponents of a historical perspective on psychological matters is German psychologist Gerd Jüttemann. Despite his pioneer work and his continued publication efforts from the 1980s until today, his ideas have largely been ignored by the academic discourse, both inside and outside Germany. The question is: Why? Based on a brief overview of his writings, this article argues that it was not (only) a result of Jüttemann being at odds with the zeitgeist, but was also caused by conceptual problems as well as practical obstacles. Understanding why historical psychology remained at the brink of the academic discipline can help contemporary scholars to develop a perspective on the historicity of the human psyche that has a better chance to be heard.