bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bahasa Gender dalam Novel Perempuan di Titik Nol Karya Nawal El-Saadawi
Authors: Aulia Siva Atali , Yunita Suryani  , Salimulloh Tegar Sanubarianto
Published: July 2024

Novel Perempuan Di Titik Nol karya Nawal El Saadawi ini banyak mengulas tentang bahasa gender yang dikaitkan dengan teori Robin Lakoff mengenai bahasa dan gender. Pembahasan terkait bahasa dan gender menarik untuk diteliti kerena masih banyaknya budaya patriaki maupun ketidakadilan gender yang terdapat di daerah-daerah tertentu seperti halnya dalam novel Perempuan Di titik Nol ini.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui apa saja bahasa gender yang terdapat dalam novel tersebut sebagai pengetahuan untuk pembaca dan juga  pembelajaran dimasa mendatang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik yang digunakan adalah dokumentatif dan teknik analisis tematik. Dari beberapa bahasa gender yang terdapat dalam novel kata “pelacur” sangat sering digunakan karena isi dari novel tersebut mengenai ketidakadilan gender yang dialami oleh perempuan atau tokoh utama yaitu Firdaus.
Analisis Perkembangan Pelafalan Fonem pada Gala Sky melalui Rekaman Video Vlog
Authors: Suryani Azizah , Karunia Putra Dona Aji
Published: July 2024

Pemahaman yang baik terhadap perkembangan bahasa pada anak mendukung strategi intervensi yang efektif dalam mengatasi kesulitan berbahasa pada anak. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan aspek fonologi yang meliputi fonem vokal, konsonan, dan diftong pada subjek GSA yang berusia dua tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang didapatkan berasal dari kanal akun youtube yang berupa rekaman video seperti vlog. Teknik pengumpulan data yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi, simak, dan catat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek GSA sudah mampu melafalkan fonem vokal, konsonan, dan diftong dengan baik. Namun, masih terdapat beberapa fonem vokal, konsonan, dan diftong yang belum dilafalkan dengan tepat, misalnya vokal /i/ dan /a/; konsonan bilabial /p/, /m/, konsonan apicodental /t/, konsonan apikoalveolar /l/, /n/, /r/, /s/, konsonan laminopalatal /c/, /ñ/, konsonan dorsovelar /g/, dan semivokal /w/. Strategi yang digunakan oleh subjek untuk mengatasi kesulitan pelafalan kata dan fonem meliputi kontraksi kata, pelesapan fonem, dan substitusi fonem.
Schröder, Bernd (2023). Religionspädagogische Ökumenik. Weltweites polyzentrisch-plurales Christentum als Bildungsreligion. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 978-3-16-162222-9. 251 Seiten.
Authors: Boschki Reinhold
Published: July 2024

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Design and Development of A Portable Conductivity-Based Salinity Measurement System for Coastal Well Water
Authors: Azhari Mohammad Rasyidi , Hudha Lalu Sahrul , Kurniawidi Dian Wijaya , Prahasitiwi Rima Buana
Published: July 2024

Seawater intrusion increases groundwater salinity and affects the quality of residents' healthy water around coastal areas. Therefore, simple mapping of seawater intrusion distribution based on the salinity values of healthy water around coastal areas is necessary. This mapping can be done by measuring the salinity of the water using a portable and real-time instrument. The existing measurement system is not resistant to corrosion, does not have a data logger system, and does not have a display system capable of showing real-time salinity value graphs. In this study, a portable salinity measurement system resistant to corrosion caused by high salt levels was developed. The salinity measurement method used is the conductivity method. The salinity value of the solution is proportional to the measured conductivity value of the solution. Conductivity measurement uses two electrodes connected to a voltage divider circuit with an AC power source to avoid electrode polarization and electrochemical reactions. The output voltage of this voltage divider circuit is proportional to the conductivity value of the solution in which the two electrodes are immersed, based on Ohm's law. This output voltage is fed into a signal conditioning circuit consisting of an amplifier, filter, and full-wave rectifier. Subsequently, an Atmega 328 microcontroller processes this data for real-time display on a TFT LCD and real-time storage on a data logger module. Testing and calibration are then carried out to obtain the relationship between the solution's salinity value and the measured output voltage, expressed as a 2nd-order polynomial function Vout = -0.0012C2 + 3.5126C + 14.194. Additionally, it is known that salinity measurement results using the conductivity method are influenced by temperature, so temperature measurement using the DS18B20 sensor is required to obtain a compensation factor due to temperature changes. The higher the temperature, the higher the measured salinity value for the exact solution measurement.
From Listening to Producing : Ustaz Abdul Somad’s Active Audiences in Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Authors: Rosidi Imron , Rajab Khairunnas , Kasmuri Kasmuri , Abduh M. Arrafie , Masduki Masduki
Published: July 2024

The emergence of popular preachers in Indonesia today has colored the public sphere. This article aims to discover Ustaz Abdul Somad's audience's response to the da'wah (Islamic peaching) he delivered. This article uses a qualitative method by interviewing ten selected informants using a purposive sampling technique. This study finds that some of Ustaz Abdul Somad's audiences are active. They not only listen to Ustaz Abdul Somad's lectures but also produce video lectures that are distributed through social media. The popularity of preachers such as Ustaz Abdul Somad is supported by the activeness of his audiences and advances in communication technology. The popularity of Ustaz Abdul Somad indicates that widespread Islamization in Muslim societies continues to be carried out amid the onslaught of modernization and globalization. This article recommends that the role of audiences is crucial in spreading a preacher's popularity in Indonesia. This article also helps explain that today's da'wah audiences are very different from those in the past in term of active involvement in spreading the da’wah message.
Minimally invasive teeth whitening enhancements after orthodontic treatment with in-office bleaching: two case reports
Authors: Hikmah Noor , Lestari Dwi Puji , Hurint Theresia Paskaedith Lodang , Natsir Nurhayaty , Nugroho Juni Jekti , Dwiandhany Wahyuni Suci , Trilaksana Aries Chandra , Rovani Christine A
Published: July 2024

Background: Teeth discoloration is one of the adverse effects of orthodontic treatment which causes aesthetic issues that effect on a person’s appearance. The management of teeth discoloration can be done with bleaching because it is easier to perform, faster, more effective, and more conservative than other treatments such as crowns and veneers. There are two types of bleaching techniques supervised by dentists: home bleaching and in-office bleaching. In-office bleaching is one of the most conservative and non-invasive treatment options to restore the aesthetics of discolored teeth. Purpose: This case report observes management of tooth discoloration after orthodontic treatment with in office bleaching using hydrogen peroxide 40%. Case 1: A 24-year-old woman came to Universitas Hasanuddin Dental and Oral Hospital with complaints of yellowish upper and lower teeth after removal of her fixed orthodontic appliance. Case 2: A 24 years old woman came to Universitas Hasanuddin Dental and Oral Hospital with complaints of upper and lower front teeth appearing yellowish in color, noticed from 2 years ago and had undergone orthodontic treatment for four years. Case Management: From clinical examination, both patients’ teeth have no history of caries, sensitive tooth and gingival recession. The Teeth were sensitive to vitality test. The discoloration was treated with external bleaching using 40% hydrogen peroxide. Conclusion: External Bleaching using 40% hydrogen peroxide have results in significant discoloration without changing the shape and arrangement of the patient’s teeth
EXPLORING TRENDS IN SUSTAINABLE TOURISM LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Ene (Constantin) Andreea Bianca
Published: July 2024

The tourism industry is vital for many countries’ economies and social progress. Its rapid growth can harm the environment, local communities, and cultural heritage, so innovative and sustainable tourism management is urgently needed to resolve these issues. This research paper presents a bibliometric analysis to explore current research trends in leadership and management for sustainable tourism. The primary aim of this research is to identify and analyze the key themes, emerging trends, and potential research gaps within the existing literature on leadership and management practices in the context of sustainable tourism development. A systematic search will be conducted within prominent academic databases, through Scopus. Relevant articles published past 20 years will be identified using search terms like “leadership,” “management,” “tourism,” “hospitality,” “sustainability”. Bibliometric software VOS will be utilized to analyze the retrieved data, focusing on parameters such as publication volume, authorship patterns, top-cited journals, publication trends over time, and keyword co-occurrence analysis. Utilizing network visualization, this study reveals strong collaborative networks among researchers exploring leadership and management for sustainable tourism. This research provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of leadership and management practices for sustainable tourism through a bibliometric analysis. By analyzing publication trends, authorship patterns, and keyword co-occurrence, this study sheds light on the current research landscape within this domain. The identification of research gaps will offer valuable insights for researchers and practitioners, contributing to the development of more effective leadership and management approaches for achieving sustainability goals in the tourism industry.
LUXURY HOSPITALITY IN CROATIA: THEMATIC ANALYSIS AND TOURISM IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Prevolšek Denis , Golja Tea
Published: July 2024

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to comprehensively explore and understand the nuances of luxury hospitality and tourism in Croatia. It examines the characteristics and expectations associated with luxury hospitality and luxury tourism, identifies growth opportunities, and discusses challenges facing the development of luxury tourism in the country. Methodology – Thematic analysis was employed to analyze responses from interviews with stakeholders in the Croatian hospitality industry. These interviews focused on defining luxury hotel tourism products/experiences and luxury tourism in Croatia, as well as identifying key themes and challenges in luxury tourism development. Findings – The findings shed light on what constitutes a Croatian luxury hotel product and Croatia as a luxury tourism destination. Key characteristics include exceptional service, personalized experiences, integration with natural surroundings, architectural sophistication, and gastronomic excellence. Despite challenges like limited global luxury brands and infrastructure, Croatia’s diverse culinary tradition, exclusive accommodations, and picturesque locations contribute to its allure as a luxury destination. Originality of the research – The findings offer insights for tourism providers to tailor their offerings towards more meaningful and memorable experiences, emphasizing exceptional service, personalization, natural surroundings integration, architectural sophistication, gastronomic excellence, and exclusivity. Addressing challenges such as infrastructure limitations and overcrowding, along with strategic investments in upscale amenities and services, can elevate Croatia’s competitiveness in the luxury tourism market. This paper marks the initial effort in addressing the research gap in luxury tourism, signaling the need for further exploration of luxury tourism in Croatia.
URAL TOURISM IN THE COUNTRIES OF FORMER YUGOSLAVIA: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Rudan Elena , Mlađenović Jasmina
Published: July 2024

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to summarize and analyze research on the development of rural tourism in the last 30 years in the countries of former Yugoslavia and the most common topics in each country. Design/Methodology – To create a systematic literature review, the authors analyzed articles from the national library information systems and Google Scholar. Based on a keyword search and content analysis, 647 research articles were identified as relevant to this study. To interpret secondary data sources, general scientific methods such as deduction and desk analysis were used. Approach – The paper aims to provide insight into recent trends in rural tourism literature regarding former Yugoslavia’s countries. A detailed review of relevant literature identified the predominant interests of authors and dominant research niches. This study focused on the scholarly perspective to study and analyze the rural tourism literature and its link with sustainable development and special forms of rural tourism. Findings – Countries that were once a part of Yugoslavia have different levels of rural tourism development and the authors research rural tourism from different perspectives. There are many authors that study rural tourism and an emerging number of those that include sustainable development of rural tourism as key. Originality of the research – This research contributes to the theory by presenting relevant literature on rural tourism in the area of former Yugoslavia. Literature reviews on rural tourism are many, but there are no papers focusing only on former Yugoslav republics or collecting data from the national library information systems and Google Scholar.
SUSTAINABLE FUTURE: THE ROLE OF MODERN ANALYTICS IN FINANCIAL PLANNING
Authors: Hota Sweta Leena , Pattnaik Sonali , Champatiray Manisha Yagyaseni , Mallick Swapna Swarupa , Kumar Anuj
Published: July 2024

Purpose - In order to simultaneously improve production and reduce financial risks in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), effective financial management models are essential. This study explores how sustainability is incorporated into financial management and its role in supporting sustainable business practices. Methodology - Employing descriptive and deductive research approaches, this research employs secondary data analysis to examine how financial models impact sustainable development. Utilizing scholarly sources, it investigates how environmental and sustainable factors might be included into financial risk modelling. Findings - The study emphasizes how important it is to include sustainability into f inancial management in order to maintain long-term profitability and sustainability for businesses. It emphasizes how important financial models are to reaching goals for sustainable development and offers in-depth knowledge of environmentally friendly and sustainable financing techniques. Contribution of Research - This study adds to the discussion on sustainable business practices by highlighting the need to include sustainability into financial management techniques. It suggests incorporating ecological elements into financial risk modelling in order to correspond with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and supports the use of capital budgeting strategies to support sustainable development initiatives.
DEVELOPING A COBOTIC MODEL FOR EMPLOYEE AND CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Habib John , Prentice Catherine , Thaichon Park , Gururajan Raj
Published: July 2024

Purpose – The utilisation of artificial intelligence (AI) and service robots within organisations is perceived as a two-fold transformation. While it streamlines processes, enhances quality, and boosts profits, it also poses a threat to job security for employees, potentially leading to a reluctance to collaborate in service creation, resulting in increased turnover and reduced overall involvement. Additionally, customers may experience discomfort during interactions with service robots, leading to perceptions of poor service quality in certain instances. This study aims to explore the dynamic between robots and employees within the service sector and develop a cobotic (collaborative employee-robot model) that enhances employee and customer engagement. Design – Three studies will be conducted to address the research questions. Study 1 will focus on research question 1, Study 2 will address research question 2, and Study 3 will address research question 3. Methodology—Study 1 will employ grounded theory through a qualitative focus group, semi-structured interviews, and participant unstructured observations; Study 2 will use a quantitative online and on-site survey employing a scenario-based approach; and Study 3 will use a quantitative online survey employing a scenario-based approach. Approach – This study will investigate the employee-robot relationship within the service industry, with a particular emphasis on the hospitality sector. The choice of this focus is prompted by the increasing adoption of robotics in this field and its direct relevance to the researcher’s professional background. Findings – This study’s findings will address the research objectives and questions: 1. Explore the relationship between employees and robots - What is the relationship between employees and robots in the service industry? 2. Examine how employee-robot relationships can address employee engagement - How does the robot-employee relationship affect employee engagement? 3. Examine how employee-robot relationships can address customer engagement - How does the robot-employee relationship affect customer engagement? Originality of the research – The research will contribute to engagement, artificial intelligence, human resources, and Value Co-Creation literature.
WILL THE GOALS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT BE ACHIEVED IN THE EUROPEAN UNION?
Authors: Krstinić Nižić Marinela , Šverko Grdić Zvonimira , Endres re
Published: July 2024

Purpose - To harmonize diverse aspects of development, the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development outlined three dimensions of sustainable development: economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection. The goals of the 2030 Agenda cover a wide range of different development issues in which the principles of sustainability are applied at international, national, regional, and local levels. According to the Sustainable Development Goals Report (SDGR, 2023), the European Union is on track to achieve approximately 66% of the Sustainable Development Goals and is making limited progress on an additional 20% of the goals based on key indicators. However, it is falling behind on 13% of the stated goals. The aim of this study is to analyze selected indicators in relation to specific Sustainable Development Goals in targeted countries of the European Union in order to answer the research question: Are the Sustainable Development Goals being achieved in the European Union? Methodology - Eurostat data was analyzed against selected 2030 Agenda indicators to determine progress towards achieving the sustainable development goals in selected European Union countries. Results - Localization of the SDGs is the process of translating the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development into the local context., This includes identifying challenges, as well as defining, implementing and monitoring local actions and policies that contribute to the global achievement of the SDGs. The analysis indicates that EU member states are making progress on some goals but most still have room for improvement. Contribution - The analysis in this article contributes to the broader understanding of SDG indicators of the EU Member States and the importance of local actors in the successful implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. The article further recommends the launch of a new EU program for the exchange of best practices between cities and regions across the EU, as well as cities in non-EU regions and continents. This would facilitate identification of global best practices and promote international cooperation. The article also identifies the need to harmonize statistical data for all EU regions.
Deteksi Dini Keseimbangan Statis dan Penerapan Core Stability Exercise pada Lansia Di Kebak Kalang, Karanganyar
Authors: Pristianto Arif ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Apriliyani Yuyun , Rahmawati Azizi Laili , Alya Putri Fauzia , Yulia Yasmin Safira ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Published: July 2024

The elderly is a person who has entered the age of over 60 where changes in his body begin to take place, both visible and invisible changes. One apparent change is that physical and functional changes can cause the lack of muscle in the body. Postural muscle weakness can be fatal to one of these balancing disorders. Balance is the body's ability to maintain position in either silence or movement. The purpose of this devotion is to detect early, static balance in the elderly with functional reach test. Beyond that, to find out the effectiveness of the core returned home administration and gymnastics to enhance the delicate balance of stasis. This method of devoted activity includes observation, preparation, performance and evaluation of activities. The results of giving the core stability exercise and gymnastics have proven to improve the elderly's balance significantly. This is demonstrated by an increase in the measuring of balance from a starting value of 32% to 71.4%
Myocardial Injury in Patients with Hip Fracture
Authors: Borges Flavia K. , Guerra-Farfan Ernesto , Bhandari Mohit , Patel Ameen , Slobogean Gerard , Feibel Robert J. , Sancheti Parag K. , Tiboni Maria E. , Balaguer-Castro Mariano , Tandon Vikas , Tomas-Hernandez Jordi , Sigamani Alben , Sigamani Alen , Szczeklik Wojciech , McMahon Stephen J. , Ślęczka Pawel , Ramokgopa Mmampapatla T. , Adinaryanan S. , Umer Masood , Jenkinson Richard J. , Lawendy Abdel , Popova Ekaterine , Nur Aamer Nabi , Wang Chew Yin , Vizcaychipi Marcela , Biccard Bruce M. , Ofori Sandra , Spence Jessica , Duceppe Emmanuelle , Marcucci Maura , Harvey Valerie , Balasubramanian Kumar , Vincent Jessica , Tonelli Ana Claudia , Devereaux P.J. ,   the HIP ATTACK Investigators
Published: July 2024

Background:

Myocardial injury after a hip fracture is common and has a poor prognosis. Patients with a hip fracture and myocardial injury may benefit from accelerated surgery to remove the physiological stress associated with the hip fracture. This study aimed to determine if accelerated surgery is superior to standard care in terms of the 90-day risk of death in patients with a hip fracture who presented with an elevated cardiac biomarker/enzyme measurement at hospital arrival.

Methods:

The HIP fracture Accelerated surgical TreaTment And Care tracK (HIP ATTACK) trial was a randomized controlled trial designed to determine whether accelerated surgery for hip fracture was superior to standard care in reducing death or major complications. This substudy is a post-hoc analysis of 1392 patients (from the original study of 2970 patients) who had a cardiac biomarker/enzyme measurement (>99.9% had a troponin measurement and thus “troponin” is the term used throughout the paper) at hospital arrival. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. The secondary composite outcome included all-cause mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and congestive heart failure 90 days after randomization.

Results:

Three hundred and twenty-two (23%) of the 1392 patients had troponin elevation at hospital arrival. Among the patients with troponin elevation, the median time from hip fracture diagnosis to surgery was 6 hours (interquartile range [IQR] = 5 to 13) in the accelerated surgery group and 29 hours (IQR = 19 to 52) in the standard care group. Patients with troponin elevation had a lower risk of mortality with accelerated surgery compared with standard care (17 [10%] of 163 versus 36 [23%] of 159; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.43 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.24 to 0.77]) and a lower risk of the secondary composite outcome (23 [14%] of 163 versus 47 [30%] of 159; HR = 0.43 [95% CI = 0.26 to 0.72]).

Conclusions:

One in 5 patients with a hip fracture presented with myocardial injury. Accelerated surgery resulted in a lower mortality risk than standard care for these patients; however, these findings need to be confirmed.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Sex Diversity and Equity Among Fellows of the American Orthopaedic Association
Authors: Silvestre Jason , Moore Maya , LaPorte Dawn M. , Sabesan Vani J. , Van Heest Ann
Published: July 2024

Background:

We hypothesized that women are underrepresented among fellows of the American Orthopaedic Association (AOA) relative to their prevalence among faculty at departments of orthopaedic surgery.

Methods:

Clinical faculty at departments of orthopaedic surgery that are affiliated with residency training programs were analyzed for AOA membership. Participation-to-prevalence ratios (PPRs) were calculated for men and women with AOA membership relative to their prevalence among orthopaedic surgeon faculty. A PPR of <0.8 or >1.2 indicated under- or overrepresentation, respectively. PPR values between 0.8 and 1.2 indicated equivalent representation. Sex disparities in AOA membership were explored by academic rank and orthopaedic subspecialty.

Results:

There were 4,310 orthopaedic surgery faculty, and 998 (23.2%) had AOA membership. Overall, women formed the minority of members in the AOA study cohort (11.4%), but they had equivalent representation relative to their prevalence among faculty (10.0%, PPR = 1.14, p = 0.210). In the AOA study cohort, women were the minority at each academic rank, including assistant professor (20.2% versus 79.8%, p < 0.001), associate professor (16.8% versus 83.2%, p < 0.001), and full professor (7.0% versus 93.0%, p < 0.001). However, women had greater representation in the AOA study cohort at each academic rank than would be expected based on their prevalence among faculty, including the assistant (PPR = 1.45), associate (PPR = 1.56), and full (PPR = 1.27) professor levels. Similarly, in the AOA study cohort, women were the minority in each orthopaedic subspecialty, but were only underrepresented in pediatric orthopaedics (PPR = 0.74). Women had greater representation in the AOA study cohort than would be expected by their prevalence among faculty in hand surgery (PPR = 1.51) and orthopaedic sports medicine (PPR = 1.33). In contrast, men had equivalent representation in each orthopaedic subspecialty.

Conclusions:

Women form a minority group in the AOA, but they exhibit greater representation in the AOA than would be expected based on their prevalence among faculty at each academic rank, and they have greater representation than men, who exhibit equivalent representation across all academic ranks. Collectively, these results disproved our hypothesis, and suggest that women are participating in the AOA at rates that are greater than their prevalence among faculty.

Clinical Relevance:

Equitable participation of women in orthopaedic surgery is necessary to promote diversity and inclusion in the specialty. The AOA may be an important catalyst for future positive diversity and inclusion efforts within orthopaedic surgery.
Functional CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening of the genetic determinants of human fibroblast migration propensity
Authors: Mazzei Antonio , Martewicz Sebastian , Amiri Ramin , Cui Meihua , Elvassore Nicola , Luni Camilla
Published: July 2024

Directional cell migration plays a central role in a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions, such as embryonic development or tumor metastasis. Steps involved in cell migration include cell polarization, formation of membrane protrusions at the cell front side and adhesion disassembly at the rear side, and a general cytoskeletal rearrangement. Overall it is a complex phenomenon at the interface between mechanical forces and biochemical signaling, with cell-specific and context-specific molecular events acting in the process. Here, we focus on human fibroblast migration induced by a biochemical gradient with an approach that connects the identification of molecular players with the actual mechanical function. We show how to screen for genes and miRNAs involved in migration by the direct integration of a high-throughput gene editing method, the CRISPR-Cas9 knockout pool screening, and a well-established functional assay, the transwell migration assay. Moreover, the screening has been performed after an expansion step aiming at the removal of all the essential genes and miRNAs, so to identify targets related to the cell migratory ability without affecting other major cellular functions. The results confirm known genes involved in migration, but also highlight new candidates. This work establishes a methodological advancement in the use of CRISPR technology for functional screening, and represents a resource for candidate genes and miRNAs playing a role in human fibroblast directional migration under biochemical gradient.
Does the 15-minute city promote sustainable travel? Quantifying the 15-minute city and assessing its impact on individual motorized travel, active travel, public transit ridership and CO2 emissions
Authors: Colaço Rui , Silva João de Abreu e
Published: July 2024

Promoting density and implementing mixed land use have long been acknowledged as potentially effective land use based solutions to transportation problems. However, the policy has leaned toward mobility-based solutions, favouring rapid travel instead of high proximity. This tendency seems now to be reversing with the increasing popularity of the 15-minute city. This paper assesses the effectiveness of the 15-minute city in promoting sustainable travel in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. Our research shows that the 15-minute city increases non-motorized travel among its residents by facilitating engagement with amenities such as supermarkets or green urban areas. Nevertheless, central and dense areas that are not necessarily 15-minute cities also contribute towards more sustainable travel, being more effective at reducing car travel due to increased public transit use. The 15-minute city impact on CO2 emissions per household is higher than that of central and dense areas since non-motorized travel is presented as a direct alternative to car and transit, while central and dense areas also rely on transit as an alternative to car. Hence, policies combining proximity and density may eventually maximize the benefits of implementing land use based solutions by increasing non-motorized travel and the use of transit and reducing car travel and CO2 emissions.
Optimization of Bio-Inspired Composite Structures for Enhanced Energy Absorption: An Experimental and Theoretical Approach
Authors: Fath Iman Karami , Niknejad Abbas , Zare-Zardini Hadi
Published: July 2024

The quest for lightweight materials with exceptional energy absorption capabilities has intensified in recent years, driven by the need to engineer robust structures for critical applications such as aerospace, transportation, and nuclear reactor containment. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the design and evaluation of bio-inspired composite quasi-scale specimens under quasi-static loading, with the aim of maximizing energy absorption efficiency. Drawing inspiration from the unique dermal armor of the pangolin, a distinctive mammalian species, we explore the use of sustainable plant fibers, including luffa and linen, as alternatives to traditional glass fibers. The Taguchi method, a robust statistical approach, is employed to systematically investigate the influence of various parameters on the Total Absorbed Energy (TAE) and Specific Absorbed Energy (SAE). A total of five parameters—fiber type, radius of curvature, number of composite plies, and the dimensions of the trapezoidal scales (Y1 and Y2)—are assessed for their impact on energy absorption. The experimental setup involves fabricating composite specimens using unsaturated isophthalic polyester resin as the matrix, and subjecting them to quasi-static lateral compressive loading. The energy absorption characteristics are analyzed by examining the force-displacement data, with the TAE inferred from the area beneath the curve and the SAE calculated by dividing TAE by the specimen's mass. The results indicate that luffa fibers exhibit superior TAE compared to linen and glass fibers, while linen fibers demonstrate higher SAE. The Taguchi method facilitates the identification of optimal parameter levels for maximizing energy absorption, with the predicted optimal specimen exhibiting a TAE of 11.2431 J and an SAE of 2.3677 J/g, closely matching experimental verification with errors of 5.76% and 3.94%, respectively. Theoretical analysis, incorporating the Rigid Perfectly Plastic (RPP) and Hollomon material models, elucidates the mechanisms underlying energy dissipation, including curvature flattening and plastic hinge formation. This framework provides a robust basis for predicting the energy absorption behavior of bio-inspired composite structures, offering insights into the design of advanced materials with enhanced performance characteristics. The study underscores the potential of bio-inspired designs in addressing contemporary engineering challenges, highlighting the synergy between natural forms and advanced materials science in the pursuit of sustainable and high-performance structural solutions.
Dominant role of NO2 oxidation in SO2 conversion to sulfate revealed by synchronous measurements of gas and particle sulfur isotopes in haze episodes
Authors: Chen Yingjun , Feng Xinxin , Liu Zeyu , Jiang Hongxing , Feng Yanli , Chen Tian
Published: July 2024

The oxidation pathways of SO2 conversion to sulfate remain controversial. Sulfur isotope (δ34S) has been used to trace SO42− formation pathways based on sulfur isotope fractionation. Accurately assessing the isotope fractionation is crucial for quantifying the oxidation pathways of SO42− formation. However, previous studies have used particle δ34S (δ34SO42−) to estimate the isotope fractionation (α34Sg→p-estimated), leading to significant uncertainties in SO42− formation. This study synchronously measured δ34S values of gas-phase SO2 and particle-phase SO42− to uncover isotope fractionation (α34Sg→p) in SO42− formation during haze episodes. Results found that the α34Sg→p values (-3.7 ~ + 9.9‰) obtained by gas-to-particle δ34S showed a significant difference with α34Sg→p-estimated values(-6.4 ~ + 1.4‰) obtained by δ34SO42−, implying different results for SO42− formation using the two methods. Among them, α34Sg→p results indicated the prominent contribution of NO2 oxidation(48–56%), followed by TMI-catalyzed O2 (transition-metal ions, 26–40%). While α34Sg→p-estimated (-6.4 ~ + 1.4‰) suggested the dominant role of TMI-catalyzed O2 (54–80%). Compared to α34Sg→p-estimated, α34Sg→p results show more reasonable response to SO42− formation and consistent trends with oxidant concentrations. α34Sg→p-estimated analysis overestimated the TMI-catalyzed O2 pathway contribution (38–47%) to SO42− formation. This is the first study to employ gas-to-particle δ34S to demonstrate the dominant role of NO2 oxidation in SO42− formation, implying the importance of synchronous measurements gas-to-particle δ34S. Furthermore, a functional relationship between D-values (difference values of α34Sg→p and α34Sg→p-estimated) and impact factors was established, simulating actual α34Sg→p in the absence of gas-phase δ34S. This approach offers a possible correction for α34Sg→p-estimated values, providing new insight into using single δ34SO42− for the analysis of SO42− formation.
An ultrafast algorithm for ultrafast spectroscopy
Authors: Bekerom Dirk van den , Mazza Francesco
Published: July 2024

Time-resolved coherent Raman spectroscopy (CRS) is a powerful non-linear optical technique for quantitative, in-situ analysis of chemically reacting flows, offering unparalleled accuracy and exceptional spatiotemporal resolution. Its application to large polyatomic molecules, crucial for understanding reaction dynamics, has thus far been limited by the complexity of their rotational-vibrational Raman spectra. Progress in developing comprehensive spectral codes for these molecules, a longstanding goal, has been hindered by prohibitively long computation times required for their spectral synthesis. Here, we present a novel ultrafast algorithm that achieves a million-fold improvement in computation time compared to existing methods. The algorithm demonstrates remarkable accuracy, with an approximation error below 0.1% across all tested probe delays, at both room temperature (296 K) and elevated temperatures (1500 K). This result could greatly expand the application of time-resolved CRS, particularly in plasma research, as well as in broader atmospheric and astrophysical sciences.
Estimation of the Shear Strength of Sand-Clay Mixtures Based on the ANN and Low-Field NMR
Authors: LIU Xiajun , LU Zhen , Zhu Yifei , Le Qiaoli , Wei Jiagang
Published: July 2024

As a key engineering parameter, the shear strength of sand-clay mixtures needs to be determined before the design and construction of impervious liners for waste landfill sites are performed. The traditional method for determining the shear strength requires considerable time and substantial professional skills. This study focused on the estimation of the shear strength of sand-clay mixtures using the artificial neural network (ANN) and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In this study, NMR tests and triaxial compression tests were carried out on 160 artificial sand-clay mixtures with different mineralogical compositions, water contents, and dry densities in the laboratory to obtain the T2 spectra and shear strength indices, respectively. Twelve characteristic variables that could reflect the pore structure and water classification in the mixtures were calculated for each T2 spectrum. A novel predictive model for the shear strength of the mixtures was established using the ANN based on 12 characteristic variables, the Atterberg limits, and the tested shear strengths of mixtures. The Atterberg limits of the mixtures, 12 characteristic variables and shear strengths of the mixtures were defined as the input factors, input covariates and response variables, respectively. The model was proven to have a sufficiently high prediction capability by using the Pearson correlation coefficient (R), coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE).
Fuzzy circularity: A new fuzzy shape-based descriptor of the object
Authors: Ilić Vladimir , Ralević Nebojša M.
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces a new family of fuzzy shape measures, called fuzzy circularity, to evaluate the degree to which a considered fuzzy shape matches a fuzzy circle. A new family of fuzzy shape-based measures ranges the interval (0,1] where a maximum value equal to 1 is reached if and only if the shape under consideration is a fuzzy circle. This family is theoretically well grounded having the behavior that corresponds to human perception and can be predicted in advance. Additionally, a new family of fuzzy shape-based measures is invariant to rotation, translation, and scaling of the considered fuzzy shape. Various experiments on both synthetically generated and real images are included to provide a better understanding of the behavior of the new measures and to confirm the theoretically proven results. The performance of the new family of fuzzy circularity is extensively tested on several standard, well-known image datrasets such as MPEG-7 CE-1, Animal, Swedish Leaf, and Galaxy Zoo datasets. Experimental evaluations also illustrate the effectiveness and advantages of the new shape descriptors in various object classification and recognition tasks by comparing them with other known analysis approaches.
Automated crack detection and digital modeling of hydraulic fracture propagation in muddy shale using deep learning based on multi-scale feature and residual convolution improved U-net model
Authors: QU Wenhang , JIA Pengfei , CHEN Zihao , WANG Yong , REN Xiaohui , ZHANG Guochao
Published: July 2024

The extension of fine microscopic cracks in muddy shale during water saturation-deydration circulation has an important role in the propagation of hydraulic fractures and the formation of fracture network. However, traditional image processing methods for segmenting CT scan images of muddy shale are prone to low efficiency and poor accuracy, as well as lack automation and intelligence. This study proposes a muddy shale crack segmentation network (MSCS-Net) based on the U-Net model that fuses the residual network and multi-scale features of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The proposed MSCS-ett efficiently segmented muddy shale cracks in CT scanned images after a degradation cycle, allowing for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that the values of precision (P), recall (R), F1 score (F1_score), Intersection and Union Ratio (IoU) and Pixel Accuracy (PA) of the proposed MSCS-Net were 91.27%, 93.89%, 92.56%, 85.32% and 98.34%, respectively. Besides, the detection performance of the MSCS-Net was also compared with that of the other three different deep learning models (U-Net, U-Net3 + and Attention U-Net). The test results have demonstrated the superiority of the MSCS-Net over the other three network models in crack detection, localization and segmentation.
Different Trajectories of Adolescent Mental Health Problems Before and Over the Course of COVID-19: Evidence of Increase, Decrease, and Stability
Authors: de Heer Coriena , Finkenauer Catrin , Stevens Gonneke
Published: July 2024

Background.
The COVID-19 pandemic and related measures to control the spread of the virus have negatively impacted adolescent mental health. However, the pandemic may have been more consequential for the mental health of some adolescents than others. Little is known about the heterogeneity in mental health responses to the pandemic among adolescents. This study aims to identify and characterize different trajectories of adolescent mental health problems before and over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods.
We used data from 1,522 adolescents (Mage = 17.82) collected at four measurement points: autumn 2019 (pre-COVID-19), spring 2020, autumn 2020, and autumn 2021. Mental health problems were assessed using four indicators: emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity-inattention problems, and peer relationship problems.
Results.
Latent class growth analyses identified stable low, stable high, increasing and decreasing trajectories for emotional symptoms, conduct problems, and hyperactivity-inattention problems, and a stable low and stable high trajectory for peer relationship problems. Adolescents with high mental health problems before and during the pandemic reported relatively low levels of family and friend support. Gender, migration background, and family socioeconomic status were not consistently associated with the trajectories across mental health problems.
Conclusions.
Our findings highlight the diverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health problems among adolescents. This suggests that interventions and support strategies for adolescents to cope with stressful circumstances should be tailored to the specific needs of different groups of adolescents.
Fuzzy Logic and HOMER: Innovations in Distributed Generation for System Stability and Performance
Authors: Tiwari Nimisha , Dwivedi Kaustubh
Published: July 2024

The HOMER software is described in this article to provide the efficient distributed generation configurations. This is based on nature of the area and its renewable energy availability. This software is used to develop and assess alternatives for stand-alone and grid-connected power distributed generation applications, both technically and financially. It enables the consideration of a huge range of technological alternatives. It’s a powerful tool for simulating both the traditional and sustainable energy techniques. Furthermore, in distributed generation electric networks, a fuzzy-based strategy is suggested to choose the suitable power source and ascribe it to the appropriate load. Fuzzy Logic Control is an effective approach to resolve complex problems using algebraic calculations Moreover, sustainable energy distributed generation has grown rapidly as large central power plants have become financially unviable because of substantial decreases in fossil fuels, rising fuel costs, global energy crunch and the emergence of environment degradation problems. Nevertheless, the integration of distributed power generation into conventional electric power networks has influence on their consistency, safeness, and power feature. As a result, inoculation of distributed power generation necessitates the use of adequate controllers to preserve system stability and performance.
Effects of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on hippocampal proteins in APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Zhang Shengqingyu , Wu Xi-Nan , Li Zhi-qiang , Mu Yun-Zhen , Shu Xiao , Zhou Qiong , Du Kun-Yu , Jiang Yu-Rong , Zhang Yuan , Wu Hui-Xin
Published: July 2024

Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) can have several biological and genetic effects, particularly in the nervous system. Recent studies have reported that exposure to RF-EMF showed beneficial effects in Alzheimer 's disease (AD). In this study, we determined whether exposure to 2.4 GHz RF-EMF affected protein expression in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. APP/PS1 mice were exposed to 2.4 GHz RF-EMF for 8 hours per day for a total of 90 days. Learning and memory function tests were performed, and protein expression of APP, NR1, NR2A, NR2B, PGC1α, p62 and LC3B in the hippocampus was measured.There was no difference in the learning and memory function between 1-month-old APP/PS1 mice and 1-month-old C57 mice, while 4-month-old APP/PS1 mice showed weaker functions when compared to 1-month-old C57 mice. After 3 months of RF-EMF exposure, the learning and memory function of APP/PS1 and C57 mice improved. The protein expression of APP, NR2A, and NR1 in the hippocampus of 1-month-old APP/PS1 mice increased, while PGC1α expression decreased, and NR2B, p62 and LC3B expression was unaltered. The protein expression of APP, NR2A, NR2B, NR1, PGC1α, and LC3B in the hippocampus of 4-month old APP/PS1 mice increased, while the expression of p62 protein decreased. After 3 months of RF-EMF exposure, the protein expression of NR2A, NR2B, and NR1 protein in the hippocampus of mice decreased, while the expression of PGC1α and p62 increased, and the expression of APP and LC3B was unaltered.
Testing free alternatives to proprietary software in architectural education
Authors: Christenson Mike , Green Abigail , Liu Xiaotong , Self Kallie
Published: July 2024

Certain software applications are broadly considered essential for use in architectural design education. Proprietary software applications can be expensive for students. Given this context, we are interested in identifying core functions of software for architectural education, and on this basis, in identifying possible free software applications as alternatives to proprietary ones. We define and implement several simple tests to evaluate alternative applications such as Blender, GIMP, Canva, and Inkscape. We conclude that certain freely available software applications can effectively fulfill core functions, acknowledging challenges in adoption and interoperability but underscoring cost benefits for students.