bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversity, Physicochemical and Technological Characterization of Elite Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Cultivars of Bantè, a District of Central Benin
Authors: Sanoussi Abadjayé Faouziath , Loko Laura Yéyinou , Ahissou Hyacinthe , Adjahi Adidjath Koubourath , Orobiyi Azize , Agré Angelot Paterne , Azokpota Paulin , Dansi Alexandre , Sanni Ambaliou
Published: November 2015

Cassava is one of the staple food crops contributing significantly to food and nutrition security in Benin. This study aimed to assess the diversity of the elite cassava cultivars of Bantè district, determine the physicochemical properties of the most preferred ones as well as the sensory attributes of their major derived products (gari and tapioca), and compare them with the farmers’ and processors’ perception on their technological qualities. The ethnobotanical investigation revealed existence of 40 cultivars including 9 elites that were further classified into three groups based on agronomics and technological and culinary properties. Clustered together, cultivars Idilèrou, Monlèkangan, and Odohoungbo characterized by low fiber content, high yield of gari and tapioca, and good in‐ground postmaturity storage were the most preferred ones. Their physicochemical analysis revealed good rate of dry matters (39.8% to 41.13%), starch (24.47% to 25.5%) and total sugars (39.46% to 41.13%), low fiber (0.80% to 1.02%), and cyanide (50 mg/kg) contents. The sensory analysis of their gari and tapioca revealed very well appreciated (taste, color, and texture) products by the consumers. The confirmation by scientific analysis of the farmers’ perception on qualities of the most preferred cultivars indicated that they have good knowledge of their materials.
An Analytic Contemplation of the Conspicuous Vicissitudes in the Histomorphology of Corpuscles of Stannius of a Freshwater CatfishMystus tengara(Hamilton, 1822) due to the Exposure of ZnS Nanoparticles
Authors: Chatterjee Nilanjana , Bhattacharjee Baibaswata
Published: November 2015

Enhanced surface photooxidation property associated with the ZnS nanoparticles caused the reduction of dissolved oxygen content in water in a dose dependent manner, when ZnS nanoparticles of different sizes are exposed to the water in various concentrations. This property was more prominent for ZnS nanoparticles with smaller sizes.Mystus tengara, exposed to ZnS nanoparticles, responded to hypoxia with varied behavioural, physiological, and cellular responses in order to maintain homeostasis and organ function in an oxygen-depleted environment. The histomorphology of corpuscles of Stannius of the fish showed conspicuous vicissitudes under exposure of ZnS nanoparticles. The population of the cell type with granular cytoplasm showed significant increase at the expense of the other that consisted of agranular cytoplasm with increasing nanoparticle concentration. This can be explained as the defence mechanism of the fish against ZnS nanoparticle induced hypoxia and environmental acidification. The altering histomorphology has been studied employing an analytical approach.
Olive Mill Waste Extracts: Polyphenols Content, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Leouifoudi Inass , Harnafi Hicham , Zyad Abdelmajid
Published: November 2015

Natural polyphenols extracts have been usually associated with great bioactive properties. In this work, we investigatedin vitroantioxidant and antimicrobial potential of the phenolic olive mill wastewater extracts (OWWE) and the olive cake extracts (OCE). Using the Folin Ciocalteux method, OWWE contained higher total phenol content compared to OCE (8.90±0.728 g/L versus0.95±0.017 mg/g). The phenolic compounds identification was carried out with a performance liquid chromatograph coupled to tandem mass spectrometry equipment (HPLC-ESI-MS). With this method, a list of polyphenols from OWWE and OCE was obtained. The antioxidant activity was measured in aqueous (DPPH) and emulsion (BCBT) systems. Using the DPPH assay, the results show that OWWE was more active than OCE and interestingly the extracts originating from mountainous areas were more active than those produced from plain areas (EC50=12.1±5.6 μg/mL;EC50=157.7±34.9 μg/mL, resp.). However, when the antioxidant activity was reversed in the BCBT, OCE produced from plain area was more potent than mountainous OCE. Testing by the gel diffusion assay, all the tested extracts have showed significant spectrum antibacterial activity againstStaphylococcus aureus, whereas the biophenols extracts showed more limited activity againstEscherichia coliandStreptococcus faecalis.
Right Gaze Palsy and Hoarseness: A Rare Presentation of Mediastinal Tuberculosis with an Isolated Prepontine Cistern Tuberculoma
Authors: Agu Chidozie Charles , Aina Olufemi , Basunia Md , Bhattarai Bikash , Oke Vikram , Schmidt Marie Frances , Quist Joseph , Enriquez Danilo , Gayam Vijay
Published: November 2015

We describe a previously healthy young man who presented with headaches, diplopia with right lateral gaze palsy, dysphagia, and hoarseness over a 2-month period. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a small enhancing mass at the prepontine cistern and chest CT showed a left mediastinal mass. Mediastinoscopy and lymph node biopsy were performed. DNA probe and culture of the biopsy specimen were confirmed to beMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex. Resolution of neurologic symptoms was noted after 6 weeks, in addition to regression of brain stem and mediastinal lesions after 12 weeks of antituberculous therapy.
Pegaspargase Induced Hypertriglyceridemia Resulting in Severe Fatal Pancreatitis
Authors: Vyas Neil , Ching Companioni Rafael , Tiba Melik , Alkhawam Hassan , Walfish Aaron
Published: November 2015

Pegaspargaseis used to treat acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).Pegaspargasedefinitely has its benefits in treating ALL; however we cannot lose sight of one of its very rare but potentially deadly complications, acute pancreatitis. Clinicians should monitor triglycerides while the patient is on treatment withPegaspargaseand suspect acute pancreatitis if the patient develops abdominal pain. If pancreatitis occurs, therapy should be stopped immediately and not reinstituted. For patients with hypertriglyceridemia without pancreatitis, discontinuation of therapy should be considered.
The Antioxidant and Starch Hydrolase Inhibitory Activity of Ten Spices in anIn VitroModel of Digestion: Bioaccessibility of Anthocyanins and Carotenoids
Authors: Jayawardena Nilakshi , Watawana Mindani I. , Jayathilaka Ruchini T. , Waisundara Viduranga Y.
Published: November 2015

The antioxidant and starch hydrolase inhibitory activities of cardamom, cloves, coriander, cumin seeds, curry leaves, fenugreek, mustard seeds, nutmeg, sweet cumin, and star anise extracts were investigated in anin vitromodel of digestion mimicking the gastric and duodenal conditions. The total phenolic contents in all spice extracts had statistically significantly (P<0.05) increased following both gastric and duodenal digestion. This was also in correlation with the antioxidant assays quantifying the water-soluble antioxidant capacity of the extracts. The lipophilic Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity assay did not indicate a statistically significant change in the values during any of the digestion phases. Statistically significant (P<0.05) reductions in the anthocyanin contents were observed during the digestion phases in contrast to the carotenoid contents. With the exception of the cumin seed extract, none of the spice extracts showed statistically significant changes in the initial starch hydrolase enzyme inhibitory values prior to gastric and duodenal digestion. In conclusion, this study was able to prove that the 10 spices were a significant source of total phenolics, antioxidant, and starch hydrolase inhibitory activities.
Human Urine Proteomics: Analytical Techniques and Clinical Applications in Renal Diseases
Authors: Kalantari Shiva , Jafari Ameneh , Moradpoor Raheleh , Ghasemi Elmira , Khalkhal Ensieh
Published: November 2015

Urine has been in the center of attention among scientists of clinical proteomics in the past decade, because it is valuable source of proteins and peptides with a relative stable composition and easy to collect in large and repeated quantities with a noninvasive procedure. In this review, we discuss technical aspects of urinary proteomics in detail, including sample preparation, proteomic technologies, and their advantage and disadvantages. Several recent experiments are presented which applied urinary proteome for biomarker discovery in renal diseases including diabetic nephropathy, immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, lupus nephritis, membranous nephropathy, and acute kidney injury. In addition, several available databases in urinary proteomics are also briefly introduced.
Effect of Flat Cornea on Visual Outcome after LASIK
Authors: Mohamed Mostafa Engy
Published: November 2015

Purpose. To evaluate the effect of preoperative and postoperative keratometry on the refractive outcome after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for moderate and high myopia.Methods. Records of 812 eyes (420 patients) with myopia ≥−6 D who had LASIK at Sohag Laser Center, Egypt, from January 2010 to November 2013, were retrospectively analyzed. Main outcome measures were postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), postoperative spherical equivalence, and postoperativeQfactor.Results. LASIK was performed in 812 eyes (mean age21.8±5.2years). Patients were grouped according to the degree of preoperative myopia into three groups: Group 1, −6 D to −7.9 D; Group 2, −8 to −9.9 D; and Group 3, −10 to −12 D. The refractive outcome among the different myopia groups was stratified by pre- and postoperative keratometry. A trend toward greater undercorrection was noted in eyes with preoperative keratometry <43.5 D compared with those with steeper keratometry >46 D in all myopia groups. The undercorrection was also noted in postoperative keratometry groups <35 D.Conclusions. Preoperative and postoperative keratometry appeared to influence the refractive outcome especially in high myopic eyes.
Chronic Hepatitis C: An Overview of Evidence on Epidemiology and Management from a Brazilian Perspective
Authors: Castro Rodolfo , Perazzo Hugo , Grinsztejn Beatriz , Veloso Valdilea G. , Hyde Chris
Published: November 2015

Chronic hepatitis C remains one of the main causes of chronic liver disease worldwide and presents a variable natural history ranging from minimal changes to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis and its complications, such as development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Approximately, 1.45 million people are estimated to be infected by HCV in Brazil representing a major public health issue. The aim of this paper was to review the epidemiology and management of chronic hepatitis C from a Brazilian perspective. The management of chronic hepatitis C has been challenged by the use of noninvasive methods to stage liver fibrosis as an alternative to liver biopsy and the high cost of new interferon-free antiviral treatments. Moreover, the need of cost-effectiveness analysis in hepatitis C and the recent changes in treatment protocols were discussed.
Size Effects of Pt Nanoparticle/Graphene Composite Materials on the Electrochemical Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Sun Chia-Liang , Su Jheng-Sin , Lai Shun-Yi , Lu Yu-Jen
Published: November 2015

The electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has attracted much attention recently. Meanwhile, the size of nanoparticles which significantly influences electrocatalytic activity is crucial for electrocatalysts. Hence, we prepared five different size‐selected Pt/graphene‐modified glassy carbon (GC) electrodes to characterize H2O2 level via electrochemical measurements. During the preparation of the nanocomposites, size‐selected Pt nanoparticles (NPs) with the mean diameter of 1.3, 1.7, 2.9, and 4.3 nm were assembled onto the graphene surfaces. The electrochemical measurement results are size‐dependent for Pt NPs when sensing H2O2. When all cyclic voltammogram results from various electrodes are compared, the Pt‐1.7 nm/G‐modified GC electrode has the highest reduction current, the best detection limit, and the best sensitivity.
Fuzzy Adaptive Prescribed Performance Control for Uncertain Horizontal Platform System with Unknown Control Gain
Authors: Xiang Wei , Sun Yeguo , Yang Chunzhi
Published: November 2015

This paper proposes a fuzzy adaptive control method for uncertain horizontal platform system with unknown control gain, which is capable of guaranteeing the prescribed performance bounds. An error transformation is introduced to transform the original constrained system into an equivalent unconstrained one. Then, based on the error transformation technique and the predefined performance technique, a fuzzy adaptive controller is designed for the unconstrained system. It is shown that all the variables of the resulting closed-loop system are bounded. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed method.
HPV Type 6 and 18 Coinfection in a Case of Adult-Onset Laryngeal Papillomatosis: Immunization with Gardasil
Authors: Fancello Virginia , Melis Andrea , Piana Andrea Fausto , Castiglia Paolo , Cossu Andrea , Sotgiu Giovanni , Bozzo Corrado , King Emma Victoria , Meloni Francesco
Published: November 2015

Laryngeal papillomatosis (LP) is a rare human papillomavirus (HPV) related disease that often requires multiple surgical interventions and residual impairment of voice is almost inevitable. We report the case of a patient with adult onset recurrent LP, showing moderate dysplasia and coinfection with HPV types 6 and 18. The tetravalent HPV vaccine Gardasil was prescribed off label, with the aim of triggering an immunogenic response and consequently reducing the probability of further recurrences. The patient was followed for 9 months with no sign of relapse of his LP. The postexposure use of the anti-HPV vaccine could represent a promising therapeutic agent in established LP. Unfortunately, the potential efficacy of this new therapeutic option in this situation has been suggested only by isolated case reports. Further controlled studies, with a longer follow-up and a larger sample size, are needed to assess efficacy of Gardasil in LP.
Data-Sharing Method for Multi-Smart Devices at Close Range
Authors: Chung Myoungbeom , Ko Ilju
Published: November 2015

We proposed a useful data-sharing method among multi-smart devices at close range using inaudible frequencies and Wi-Fi. The existing near data-sharing methods mostly use Bluetooth technology, but these methods have the problem of being unable to be operated using different operating systems. To correct this flaw, the proposed method that uses inaudible frequencies through the inner speaker and microphone of smart device can solve the problems of the existing methods. Using the proposed method, the sending device generates trigger signals composed of inaudible sound. Moreover, smart devices that receive the signals obtain the shared data from the sending device through Wi-Fi. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed method, we developed a near data-sharing application based on the trigger signals and conducted a performance evaluation experiment. The success rate of the proposed method was 98.8%. Furthermore, we tested the user usability of the Bump application and the proposed method and found that the proposed method is more useful than Bump. Therefore, the proposed method is an effective approach for sharing data practically among multi-smart devices at close range.
Large Genital Cavernous Hemangioma: A Rare Surgically Correctable Entity
Authors: Gangkak Goto , Mishra Anoop , Priyadarshi Shivam , Tomar Vinay
Published: November 2015

We report a case of 24-year-old male presenting with painless penoscrotal swelling for 3 years. On examination, a large soft bag of worm-like, superficial, nonpulsatile swelling was present in scrotum and penis. Color Doppler showed dilated tortuous vessels and on angiography no connections to corpora or vessels were seen. So a diagnosis of hemangioma was made and a surgical excision was carried out by circumcoronal and scrotal incisions. Postop course was uneventful. At 6 months of follow-up, no recurrence was seen and wound had healed with excellent cosmetic appearance.
QT Interval Variability Index and QT Interval Duration in Different Sleep Stages: Analysis of Polysomnographic Recordings in Nonapneic Male Patients
Authors: Viigimae Moonika , Karai Deniss , Pirn Peeter , Pilt Kristjan , Meigas Kalju , Kaik Jyri
Published: November 2015

The aim of the study was to determine whether different sleep stages, especially REM sleep, affect QT interval duration and variability in male patients without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Polysomnographic recordings of 30 patients were analyzed. Beat-to-beat QT interval variability was calculated using QTV index (QTVI) formula. For QTc interval calculation, in addition to Bazett’s formula, linear and parabolic heart rate correction formulas with two separateαvalues were used. QTVI and QTc values were calculated as means of 2 awake, 3 NREM, and 3 REM sleep episodes; the duration of each episode was 300 sec. Mean QTVI values were not statistically different between sleep stages. Therefore, elevated QTVI values found in patients with OSA cannot be interpreted as physiological sympathetic impact during REM sleep and should be considered as a risk factor for potentially life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. The absence of difference of the mean QTc interval values between NREM and REM stages seems to confirm our conclusion that sympathetic surges during REM stage do not induce repolarization variability. In patients without notable structural and electrical remodeling of myocardium, physiological elevation in sympathetic activity during REM sleep remains subthreshold concerning clinically significant increase of myocardial electrical instability.
The Role of Edge Dislocations on the Red Luminescence of ZnO Films Deposited by RF‐Sputtering
Authors: Félix Rocío , Peres Marco , Magalhães Sergio , Correia Maria Rosario , Lourenço Armando , Monteiro Teresa , García Rafael , Morales Francisco M.
Published: November 2015

The existence of extended defects (i.e., dislocations) in inorganic semiconductors, such as GaN or ZnO, responsible for broad emission peaks in photoluminescence analysis remains unresolved. The possible assignments of these luminescence bands are still matter of discussion. In this study, two different zinc oxide samples, grown under different oxygen partial pressures and substrate temperatures, are presented. Epitaxial and structural properties were analysed by means of X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques. They confirm that the layers are single‐phase with a good crystalline quality. Nevertheless, a different density of threading dislocations, with a higher contribution of edge dislocations, was found. Photoluminescence spectroscopy has been used to investigate the optical properties. The steady state luminescence spectra performed at 14 K evidenced the donor bound exciton recombination and deep green and red emission bands. The red band with a maximum at 1.78 eV was found to be stronger in the sample grown at lower oxygen pressure which also shows higher density of threading dislocations. From the temperature and excitation density dependence of the red band, a donor acceptor pair recombination model was proposed, where hydrogen and zinc vacancies are strong candidates for the donor and acceptor species, respectively.
Robust Fault Diagnosis Algorithm for a Class of Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Xu Hai-gang , Liao Yue-feng , Han Xiao
Published: November 2015

A kind of robust fault diagnosis algorithm to Lipschitz nonlinear system is proposed. The novel disturbances constraint condition of the nonlinear system is derived by group algebra method, and the novel constraint condition can meet the system stability performance. Besides, the defined robust performance index of fault diagnosis observer guarantees the robust. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed is proved in the simulations.
New Strategies in Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Oligometastases
Authors: Palma David A. , Louie Alexander V. , Rodrigues George B.
Published: December 2015

Patients with metastatic solid tumors are usually treated with palliative intent. Systemic therapy and palliative radiation are often used, with the goals of prolonging survival or maintaining quality of life, but not of cure. In contrast to this paradigm, the theory of oligometastasis suggests that some patients who have a small number of metastases may be amenable to cure if all lesions can be eradicated. Aggressive treatment of patients with oligometastases, using either surgery or radiotherapy, has become more common in the past decade, yet in most situations, no randomized evidence is available to support such an approach. Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is a novel treatment for oligometastases, delivering large doses of radiotherapy in only a few treatments, with excellent rates of local control, and appears to be an excellent noninvasive alternative to surgical resection of metastases. This article reviews recent biologic and clinical data that support the existence of the oligometastatic state and discusses gaps in this evidence base. The emerging role for SABR in the management of this challenging patient population is discussed with a focus on ongoing clinical trials in an attempt to improve overall survival, delay progression, or induce immunologic anticancer effects through the abscopal effect. Clin Cancer Res; 21(23); 5198–204. ©2015 AACR.
The Role of PGC-1α in the Development of Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle - Revisited
Authors: Łukaszuk Bartlomiej , Kurek Krzysztof , Mikłosz Agnieszka , Żendzian-Piotrowska Małgorzata , Chabowski Adrian
Published: December 2015

Currently, obesity is a predominant medical condition and an important risk factor for the development of several diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus. Importantly, most research has indicated lipid-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscles is a key link between the aforementioned pathological conditions. PGC-1α is a prominent regulator of myocellular energy metabolism orchestrating gene transcription programming in response to numerous environmental stimuli. Moreover, it is widely acknowledged that mitochondrial metabolism (primary metabolic target of PGC-1α) disturbances are widely acknowledged contributors to type 2 diabetes development. Therefore, it seems surprising that the exact physiological contribution of PGC-1α in the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle remains poorly understood. This review aims to reconcile these allegedly different findings by looking for a common denominator in the role(s) of PGC-1α in respect to lipid-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Our scrutiny of the literature indicates that interventions at the level of PGC-1α may exert beneficial effects on myocytes in respect to lipid-induced insulin resistance. The latter takes place as a result of a positive net energy balance (fatty acids oxidation surpassing their accumulation rate). Moreover, the aforementioned effects may not necessarily be limited to physically active states. They seem to occur, however, only within a physiologically observed range in muscle cells (approximately 1-fold changes in PGC-1α protein expression).
Hypertensive Retinopathy as the First Manifestation of Advanced Renal Disease in a Young Patient: Report of a Case
Authors: Arriozola-Rodríguez Karen Janeth , Serna-Ojeda Juan Carlos , Martínez-Hernández Virginia Alejandra , Rodríguez-Loaiza José Luis
Published: December 2015

The purpose of this paper was to report the case of a 23-year-old patient suffering from bilateral acute visual loss who received the diagnosis of hypertensive retinopathy. After systemic evaluation, he was diagnosed with bilateral renal disease and chronic renal failure, requiring a kidney transplantation to manage the systemic illness, followed by gradual improvement of his visual acuity.
A democracia em Gilberto Freyre e Sergio Buarque de Holanda
Authors: Rezende Maria Jose de
Published: December 2015

Este artigo é uma reflexão sobre a problemática da democracia segundos dois importantes pensadores brasileiros: Gilberto Freyre e Sérgio Buarque de Holanda. Buscou-se demonstrar os fundamentos de duas estratégias de análises distintas, as quais elaboraram, cada uma a seu modo, uma reavaliação da sociedade brasileira no que consiste aos seus padrões de domínio e de cultura
A musa sem paradigmas ou A história na era dos saberes desnorteados
Authors: Gomes Plinio Freire
Published: December 2015

Durante os anos 70, certos autores começaram a duvidar de seus modelos explicativos. Embora possa parecer algo circunscrito ao meio acadêmico, este fenômeno estava diretamente relacionado com muitos acontecimentos concretos do mundo real. A "crise dos paradigmas", que já se tornou tão familiar para nós, era o complexo resultado de uma série de revoluções, movimentos políticos e instabilidades, bem como de inquietações muito pessoas. Dentre todas as humanidades, a História foi aquela que sofreu o se impacto mais profundo. Com o declínio da teoria, nosso interesse está se deslocando dos problemas estruturais para o homem propriamente dito
Razão e afetividade: a saída de Prometeu e a entrada de Orfeu no cenário social
Authors: Alvarenga Nilza Maria
Published: December 2015

Este artigo explora as tendências delineadas no processo de mudanças sociais em curso nas sociedades capitalistas ocidentais. Estas sociedades têm em comum uma dimensão simbólica que que abrange representações tais como racionalidade, objetividade, pragmatismo, impessoalidade, utilitarismo, disciplina e neutralidade afetiva. Uma alteração nesse núcleo implica uma revolução no seu modo de ser social. Dentre as diversas tendências, privilegiamos a que aponta para uma reonciliação entre a razão e a afetividade. O universo de análise escolhido é o cinema, por suas características intrínsecas de internacionalismo e de diálogo com as questões cruciais do movimento social. Apresenta-se a análise do filme Bagdá Café.
Limites e sentidos na reforma do Estado brasileiro
Authors: Kavan Fábio Ricardo
Published: December 2015

O artigo pretende discutir a proposta de reforma do Estado brasileiro trazida à baila pelo atual governo federal e questionar suas ideias principais. A conclusão é que tal reforma preconiza um Estado que limita direitos e demandas sociais.
Família, mentiras e um gravador: o vínculo de parentesco entre pesquisador e narrador e suas consequências metodológicas
Authors: Pereira Verónica Sales
Published: December 2015

Este artigo discute alguns aspectos metodológicos presentes numa experiência não muito usual na pesquisa acadêmica: a existência do vínculo familiar enre o pesquisador e o 'objeto' de pesquisa, no caso, entre filha e pai. O primeiro aspecto envolve a problematização de algumas hipóteses sobre a frequência desta experiência entre sociólogos e historiadores. Já o segundo, aborda a construção do distanciamento frente ao convívio familiar, no qual se depara frequentemente com a discrepância entre o que é narrado na entrevista e vivido no cotidiano. O distanciamento será pensado por meio da perspectiva da reconstrução da memória e, portanto, da identidade, mediante a noção de 'pacto autobiográfico' que envolve o pesquisador e o narrador
Da reforma à revolução: Educação pública e regeneração social na sociologia de Manoel Bomfim
Authors: Paulilo André Luiz
Published: December 2015

O presente artigo procura descrever alguns aspectos da sociologia de Manoel Bomfim entre os anos de 1910 e 1930. 0 objetivo desta descrição foi determinar a especificidade da perspectiva adotada por Bomfim para compreender as características históricas da formação social do Brasil. Para desenvolver essa perspectiva, o artigo examina a tese defendida por Manoel Bomfim segundo a qual os problemas sociais brasileiros resultam da exploração colonial e do aprofundamento da distância entre as classes dominantes e a população.
Eduard Bernstein e a social-democracia
Authors: Andrade Joana El-Jaick
Published: December 2015

Nos fins do século XIX, Eduard Bernstein causou grande espanto e turbulência no interior da social-democracia alem ao refutar publicamente as teses oficiais propugnadas pelos lderes do partido e, ao mesmo tempo, ao propor a reviso crtica do pensamento de Marx, desferindo sérios ataques àquilo que considerava seu elemento "nefasto": a dialética hegeliana. Ao defender a rejeição da filosofia da história marxiana – considerada obstáculo ao conhecimento científico da realidade social – Bernstein rompe com a perspectiva revolucionária, aderindo a um reformismo evolucionista. Acreditando no potencial emancipador da democracia burguesa, que tornaria possível a tomada do poder por meios legais e pacíficos, ele passa a sustentar a adoção de uma postura política conciliatória e a mitigação da luta de classes. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a trajetória política desse autor e sua vinculação ao surgimento da corrente revisionista no interior da social-democracia.
Debret e a Missão Artística Francesa de 1816: aspectos da constituição da arte acadêmica no Brasil
Authors: Trevisan Anderson Ricardo
Published: December 2015

O presente artigo visa discutir a trajetória de Jean Baptiste Debret (1768-1848), partindo dos seus últimos momentos como pintor de cenas heróicas de Napoleão Bonaparte (1769-1821), em 1815, até sua vinda para o Brasil em 1816, onde permaneceu até 1831. Debret veio ao Brasil como pintor de história da chamada Missão Artística Francesa, acontecimento polêmico que resultou na fundação da Academia Imperial de Belas-Artes do Rio de Janeiro, em 1826. Debret foi um dos principais artistas desse grupo, e lutou desde o início com a hostilidade de artistas portugueses, como Henrique José da Silva, pela instituição de um ensi-no artístico aos moldes franceses. Após 15 anos de estadia no pais, Debret regres-sou à França e lançou seu livro Viagem pitoresca e histórica ao Brasil, obra que garantiu sua posteridade, tanto entre os franceses como entre os brasileiros.
A Marvada Carne: uma epopéia caipira
Authors: Pereira Ordilei Dias
Published: December 2015

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o filme A Malvada Carne (BR, 1985), de André Klotzel, produzido em meados da década de 1980, período em que a economia nacional - a paulista, em particular - já se apresentava altamente modernizada, industrializada, urbanizada e profunda e visivelmente problemática, prostrando as esperanças dos anos 60. O filme em questão retoma o tema do homem rural, muito presente no Cinema Novo e nas produções de Mazzaropi. Porém, Klotzel o faz de uma maneira diferente dessas outras duas vertentes cinematográficas
A trajetória de João Cruz Costa e a formação da filosofia uspiana: algumas considerações sobre o campo intelectual brasileiro nas décadas de 1940 e 1950
Authors: Oliveira Francini Venâncio de
Published: December 2015

Pretende-se reconstruir o itinerário intelectual do filósofo e historiador das ideias João Cruz Costa, tendo em vista discutir o projeto político que perpassa o conjunto de sua obra e, ainda, a importância que a Universidade de São Paulo – seu locus por excelência de trabalho – teve para sua trajetória. O objetivo, nesse sentido, é ampliar o foco de análise e matizar o papel que instituições como a USP, assim como o Iseb, tiveram para uma geração de intelectuais brasileiros que, em meados do século XX, envolveu-se com velhos e conhecidos temas do pensamento social brasileiro e reacendeu o debate em torno dos problemas de formação de nosso campo intelectual.
Na Contramão da (Pós-)Modernidade: o “marxismo Romântico” de Michael Löwy
Authors: Querido Fabio Mascaro
Published: December 2015

O objetivo mais geral deste artigo é apresentar a leitura crítica de Michael Löwy acerca da modernidade. Para tanto, busca-se compreender o trajeto teórico da crítica da modernidade em Michael Löwy, em sua valorização da análise weberiana da modernidade, da crítica de Walter Benjamin às ideologias do progresso e, por fim, da rejeição ecossocialista do modelo civilizatório moderno. Pretende-se, enfim, situar preliminarmente a crítica “marxista-romântica” da modernidade – efetuada por Löwy – no contexto do congestionamento histórico da crença no progresso e na modernização. Parte-se da hipótese, portanto, de que a obra de Michael Löwy, especialmente seus textos dirigidos à crítica da modernidade, responde às transformações contemporâneas do capitalismo, insistindo na necessidade de uma ruptura do marxismo com o paradigma civilizatório moderno. 
A comunidade: da sociologia clássica à sociologia contemporânea
Authors: Mocellim Alan Delazeri
Published: December 2015

A comunidade é um dos conceitos de maior importância, desde o nascimento da Sociologia. Sua relevância permanece tal que o debate em torno de sua definição é contínuo, adentrando a teoria social contemporânea. Recorrente nesse debate é a dicotomia entre comunidade e sociedade e entre a forma de vida tradicional e a moderna. Neste artigo, debatem-se algumas das principais teorizações clássicas e contemporâneas sobre a ideia de comunidade, enfocando principalmente as teorias que contrapõem as relações sociais comunitárias e a individualização característica da vida moderna. Entre os “clássicos” da Sociologia, optou-se por debater as teorias de Émile Durkheim e Ferdinand Tönnies, e, entre as teorias contemporâneas, optou-se pelas de Michel Maffesoli e Zygmunt Bauman. O objetivo aqui é demarcar divergências e similitudes entre suas diferentes abordagens.
I Congresso Brasileiro de Economia 1943: atores, intelectuais e ideologias na constituição de uma consciência de classe entre os industriais e a consolidação do projeto industrialista
Authors: Aquino Arthur De
Published: December 2015

Este trabalho consistiu em duas tarefas básicas: o mapeamento e a sistematização dos Anais do I Congresso Brasileiro de Economia e o cruzamento com a ação de Roberto Simonsen, líder do segmento industrialista. A liderança de Simonsen caracteriza um momento sui generis na formação de uma consciência corporativa de classe entre os industriais, uma vez que eles superam o imediatismo conjuntural de suas demandas. A importância do estudo em questão está na compreensão de um projeto de nação por parte dos industriais, cujo contexto possui Simonsen como o ator que consegue ordenar o segmento industrialista, aprofundando e dando consistência à argumentação. Os objetivos da pesquisa consistiram na análise da agenda do Congresso, seus temas, debates e recomendações, com o fim de identificar os paradigmas teóricos, políticos e econômicos do período, assim como cruzar com a obra de Simonsen e o contexto histórico. O texto conclui com os principais pontos do projeto industrialista, extraídos das recomendações do Congresso ao governo.
A retórica como saber sujeitado
Authors: Rezende Wagner Silveira
Published: December 2015

Este trabalho busca apresentar as principais críticas e os elementos que levaram a retórica a ocupar uma posição subalterna e obscura na trajetória do pensamento ocidental, sendo excluída como forma legítima do fazer científico. Da crítica platônica ao pensamento cartesiano fundado na evidência, a retórica experimentou também fortes objeções oriundas do nominalismo hobbesiano. Apesar do esforço aristotélico para apresentar uma concepção digna acerca da arte retórica, esta última foi tratada, principalmente a partir do século XVI, como um saber de menor importância. Este ensaio de sociologia da ciência objetiva apontar os fatores que levaram a esse descrédito.
Integração regional e coesão social no Mercosul: uma análise à luz da teoria da dependência
Authors: Müller Jonatan Pozzobon
Published: December 2015

A história da América Latina ocorreu de forma paralela ao sistema capitalista internacional. O continente inaugurou, já no século XV, uma relação histórica de dependência com o centro do sistema mundial, fato que condicionou o modelo de desenvolvimento econômico e social ao fracasso. Com a colaboração nefasta da globalização neoliberal das últimas décadas, a região mergulhou em um caos social generalizado. A fim de reverter essa situação, instigaram-se os debates acerca dos processos de integração regional e de como eles poderiam viabilizar uma inserção autônoma na disputa capitalista internacional. Conforme o concebido pelos intelectuais da teoria da dependência da década de 1960, a ação integrada dos agentes sociais, parlamentares, partidários e sindicais alavancaria o pleno desenvolvimento regional. O objetivo deste artigo é situar a integração regional como pré-requisito para se alcançar a coesão social no âmbito do Mercosul, garantindo, dessa forma, uma inserção adequada dos Estados-membros no sistema mundial. Assim, primeiramente, será explanado o processo histórico da América Latina. Na sequência, será abordada a integração regional, segundo a teoria da dependência de Ruy Mauro Marini, como mecanismo capaz de assegurar o bem-estar social e a inserção autônoma no sistema internacional. Por fim, abre-se espaço para as reflexões sobre a coesão social no âmbito do Mercosul. Utilizando-se, portanto, do método dedutivo de pesquisa, o presente texto encaminhar-se-á dentro do rol de discussões acadêmicas vinculadas ao estudo do aprofundamento do modelo de integração e coesão social no Mercosul.
Poder e participação
Authors: Corrêa Felipe
Published: December 2015

O presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma reflexão teórica acerca do poder, apresentando a problemática envolvida nas discussões do tema e três categorias fundamentais que pretendem abarcar as distintas concepções do poder: participação, dominação e autogestão. A partir de um aprofundamento das posições de Michel Foucault e Tomás Ibáñez, que concebem o poder como assimetria nas relações de força, propõem-se um modelo teórico e um método de análise que consideram a dominação e a autogestão como tipos ideais e extremos de um eixo da participação, o que permite refletir e tipificar as relações e os modelos de poder. Utilizado o modelo proposto, analisam-se o capitalismo, as classes sociais, a luta de classes e a natureza do Estado. Ao partir dos elementos teóricos explicitados, reflete-se sobre possíveis estratégias para a mudança e a transformação social, evidenciando problemáticas que envolvem os movimentos sociais
O ensino de História na Ditadura Civil-Militar com a institucionalização dos Estudos Sociais
Authors: Viana Iêda
Published: December 2015

O artigo se refere ao contexto da Ditadura Civil-Militar no Brasil (1964-1985) e às implicações da Lei 5.692/71 no ensino brasileiro, especialmente com relação à disciplina escolar História, que passa a ser integrada a uma área de ensino, junto com a Geografia, qual seja Estudos Sociais, pelo Decreto 853/71. O foco da análise foram as práticas escolares da área de Estudos Sociais, com o intuito de dar inteligibilidade a movimentos realizados no interior de algumas escolas municipais de Curitiba, procurando deslocar o olhar do lugar próprio (campo político) para o lugar praticado (campo escolar), investigando as reações dos professores municipais diante das diretrizes educacionais, na perspectiva certeauniana (1994), que recusa a visão dos indivíduos como meros consumidores de bens culturais. Como objeto específico da investigação tomou-se a institucionalização dos Estudos Sociais naquelas escolas, por meio de um projeto alternativo ao oficial, o Projeto de Estudos Sociais a partir da longa duração (1975-1985), fundamentado na historiografia francesa, que privilegiava a interdisciplinaridade, entre outros aspectos, o que contribuiu para a legitimação daquele projeto de integração de algumas áreas do conhecimento. A história oral e relatórios institucionais e escolares serviram de aporte metodológico para a pesquisa, cujos resultados revelam que nem sempre as estratégias políticas do regime militar foram cumpridas fielmente, havendo, no campo educacional, por exemplo, uma margem de negociação e resistência que permitiu aos educadores enfrentarem esse período por meio de variadas táticas.
Militância, imaginário social e narrativas jornalísticas: As representações simbólicas sobre membros dos grupos de resistência à ditadura nas notícias sobre o passado militante da presidente Dilma Rousseff
Authors: Gouvêa Gabriella Nunes de , Motta Luiz Gonzaga
Published: December 2015

O presente artigo analisa a dimensão simbólica do discurso jornalístico veiculado sobre a presidente Dilma Rousseff, por ocasião de sua eleição, na revista Istoé e no jornal O Globo, tendo a militância política da presidente como ponto estruturante da análise. O objetivo aqui é observar quais representações sociais sobre os militantes que atuaram nos grupos de resistência à ditadura emergem, décadas depois, nas notícias que remontam à participação da presidente eleita nesses mesmos grupos e como ocorre discursivamente a construção de tais representações. Partiu-se da premissa de que, por meio da fixação de modelos, valores e crenças, as notícias estabelecem, reproduzem e recriam normas de comportamento, sintetizam representações e atuam, então, como sistemas simbólicos
Ditadura em imagem e som, de Caroline Gomes Leme
Authors: Guedes Wallace Andrioli
Published: December 2015

Leme, Caroline Gomes. Ditadura em imagem e som. São Paulo: Editora Unesp, 2013.
Democratização e política do confronto: perspectivas analíticas das redes no Brasil e na Argentina (1978-1984)
Authors: Souza Rafael De
Published: December 2015

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a utilidade das perspectivas analíticas da teoria da análise de redes para os processos de democratização. A ênfase recai no modo como movimentos sociais, partidos políticos e outros atores governamentais relevantes interagem em redes sociais de confiança ou de conflito. O texto oferece subsídios teóricos para pensar os efeitos de “buracos estruturais” dentro das redes, no que tange a processos de inovação cultural e política. Para tanto, faz-se uma breve incursão na história recente do Brasil e da Argentina, como exemplos de processos de democratização em que movimentos sociais tiveram peso considerável. Nesses países, as redes de confiança contavam com buracos estruturais, em que a presença de movimentos sociais e setores partidários facilitaram os processos de inovação cultural e a construção de novas identidades políticas.
A razão populista, de Ernesto Laclau
Authors: Modelli Fernando Dos Santos
Published: December 2015

Laclau, Ernesto. A razão populista. São Paulo: Três Estrelas, 2013.
Genres textuels/discursifs et enseignement des langues. Recherches et Applications
Authors: Fazion Flavia
Published: December 2015

LOUSADA, Eliane Gouvêa e BRONCKART, Jean Paul (Orgs.).Genres textuels/discursifs et enseignement des langues. Recherches et Applications,Le français dans le monde, nº 58. Paris: Clé Internacional, 2015.
Circulating Adipokines and Vascular Function
Authors: Zachariah Justin P. , Hwang Susan , Hamburg Naomi M. , Benjamin Emelia J. , Larson Martin G. , Levy Daniel , Vita Joseph A. , Sullivan Lisa M. , Mitchell Gary F. , Vasan Ramachandran S.
Published: December 2015

Adipokines may be potential mediators of the association between excess adiposity and vascular dysfunction. We assessed the cross-sectional associations of circulating adipokines with vascular stiffness in a community-based cohort of younger adults. We related circulating concentrations of leptin and leptin receptor, adiponectin, retinol-binding protein 4, and fatty acid–binding protein 4 to vascular stiffness measured by arterial tonometry in 3505 Framingham Third Generation cohort participants free of cardiovascular disease (mean age 40 years, 53% women). Separate regression models estimated the relations of each adipokine to mean arterial pressure and aortic stiffness, as carotid femoral pulse wave velocity, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, heart rate, height, antihypertensive treatment, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, estimated glomerular filtration rate, glucose, and C-reactive protein. Models evaluating aortic stiffness also were adjusted for mean arterial pressure. Mean arterial pressure was positively associated with blood retinol-binding protein 4, fatty acid–binding protein 4, and leptin concentrations (all
P
<0.001) and inversely with adiponectin (
P
=0.002). In fully adjusted models, mean arterial pressure was positively associated with retinol-binding protein 4 and leptin receptor levels (
P
<0.002 both). In fully adjusted models, aortic stiffness was positively associated with fatty acid–binding protein 4 concentrations (
P
=0.02), but inversely with leptin and leptin receptor levels (
P
≤0.03 both). In our large community-based sample, circulating concentrations of select adipokines were associated with vascular stiffness measures, consistent with the hypothesis that adipokines may influence vascular function and may contribute to the relation between obesity and hypertension.
Effects of β-Blockers With and Without Vasodilating Properties on Central Blood Pressure
Authors: Pucci Giacomo , Ranalli Maria Giovanna , Battista Francesca , Schillaci Giuseppe
Published: December 2015

β-Blockers are less effective than other antihypertensive drug classes in reducing central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) as compared with peripheral SBP (pSBP). Whether this effect is less pronounced with vasodilating β-blockers (VBB) when compared with nonvasodilating β-blockers (NVBB) remains unsettled. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials exploring the effects of β-blockers on both pSBP and cSBP in hypertension. We selected 20 studies, for a total of 32 treatment arms (n=21 for NVBB, n=11 for VBB) and 1263 participants (n=962 for NVBB, n=301 for VBB). pSBP decreased from 150 to 133 mm Hg for NVBB and from 145 to 134 mm Hg for VBB. cSBP decreased from 137 to 126 mm Hg for NVBB and from 132 to 123 mm Hg for VBB. SBP amplification (pSBP–cSBP) decreased significantly under VBB (−5.6 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, −7.8, −3.4 mm Hg), but not under NVBB (−1.1 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, −3.4, +1.2 mm Hg;
P
<0.01 versus NVBB). There was high heterogeneity both within and between β-blockers subclasses. In a meta-regression model, the weighted difference in treatment-induced changes in SBP amplification between NVBB and VBB lost its significance after adjustment for mean age and baseline pSBP and heart rate (−2.9±2.3 mm Hg;
P
=0.22) and was almost abolished after adjustment for treatment-induced heart rate changes (−0.1±0.5 mm Hg;
P
=0.78). In conclusion, NVBBs, but not VBBs, determine a lower reduction in cSBP than in pSBP. However, the difference in treatment-induced SBP amplification changes between NVBB and VBB is nearly abolished after accounting for differences in heart rate changes.
Paint Boldly!: Dubuffet's DIY Manual
Authors: Perry Rachel E.
Published: December 2015

In 1948, Jean Dubuffet wrote a thirty-one-page pamphlet entitled Peinturez hardi (Paint boldly!) for his unrealized Almanach de l'art brut. Divided into twelve monthly installments, this “treatise on the techniques of painting” reads like a how-to manual, presenting concise, straightforward guidelines for what materials to use and how to use them. As a practical guide for the amateur, it inventories and evaluates products on the market (much like an issue of Consumer Reports) and then offers more economical, do-it-yourself recipes for the “common man.” Drawing largely from the techniques and materials of house painting, Dubuffet aligns himself with the worker as opposed to the professional artist and insists upon art as labor. As yet unpublished, Peinturez hardi underscores materiality as absolutely central to Dubuffet's understanding of what art brut is and how it differentiates itself from arts culturels.