bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anterior tibial spine (ACL avulsion) fracture treated with open reduction and fixation with screw: surgical technique, functional and clinico-radiological outcomes
Authors: V. Chawda Rajesh , J. Patel Vijay , M. Ninama Dhaval , N. Patel Harsh
Published: February 2019

Background: The anterior tibial spine fracture occurs almost at a same frequency both in adolescents and in adults. These injuries are often overlooked at emergency room. Stable internal fixation requires to gain optimum function of ACL by securing its length and nascent tension. We treated anterior tibial spine (ACL avulsion) fracture patient with open reduction and screw fixation.

Methods: Study of Ten patients of anterior tibial spine (ACL avulsion) fracture, with minimum of 06 months and maximum of 18 months follow up. Classification of anterior tibial spine (ACL avulsion) a fracture done by Meyer and Mckeever. All patients operated with open reduction and internal fixation with screw via medial parapatellar approach. Functional and clinical outcome measured with Lysholm knee score at final follow up.

Results: We studied 10 patients with anterior tibial spine (ACL avulsion) fractrure where mean age of patient was 36.4 years. Mean radiological healing was 10.6 weeks in anterior tibial spine (ACL avulsion) fracture. We observed mean motion of knee 133 degree in anterior tibial spine (ACL avulsion) fracture. Mean Lysholm score at final follow up was 86.8.

Conclusions: Open reduction for anterior tibial spine (ACL) fracture provides direct visualization with easy application of screws ultimately confers stable osteosynthesis enables to start early range of motion and further rehabilitation protocol. Open reduction internal fixation is comparative less technically demanding, less expansive and gives excellent to good results as compared to other techniques.

 
Arthrodiastasis in the management of stiff hip
Authors: Ramprasath D. R. , Kamaraj D.
Published: February 2019

Arthrodiastasis (using external fixator and distraction) has been used for various pathologies including deformity correction/stiff hip/slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Historically this has been used for treatment of Perthes disease. The purpose of our study is to evaluate efficacy of arthrodiastasis in management of stiff hip. A 15 year old boy with stiff hip presented with complaints of pain in the left hip for past 6 months. Radiologically the left proximal femur was found to be deformed with metaphyseal widening, sclerosis and arthritic changes. Hip spanning external fixator using limb reconstruction system was done. Distraction was done at a rate of 1 mm/day. After 2 months, fixator was removed. Hip was mobilized under anaesthesia. Good range of all movements was achieved. Arthrodiastasis seems to be a good option in young adolescent in whom total hip replacement needs to be delayed as much as possible.
Exploring early childhood educators’ notions about professionalism in Prince Edward Island
Authors: Roach O'Keefe Alaina , Hooper Sonya , Jakubiec Brittany A.E.
Published: February 2019

Despite policy changes in a growing number of countries to increase the quality of early years education through the introduction of national curricular frameworks, conceptualizations of early childhood professionals remain distinctly variegated. Early learning curriculum frameworks have become embedded into the 21st-century early learning movement, creating a shift in professional deliverables and system expectations. This study explores how early childhood educators (ECEs) in Prince Edward Island (PEI) understand the concept of professionalism in their everyday practice. The researchers used qualitative methodology and a variety of methods, including workshops, interviews, and field notes, to gain insight into how ECEs understand professionalism. The data was analyzed through thematic analysis and understood through the lens of sociocultural theories of learning that embrace communities of practice as a positive way to promote professional learning. Primary findings explore (1) how ECEs understand professionalism in PEI, (2) positive and negative impacts on their understanding of professionalism in their daily practice, and (3) professional development opportunities that impact professionalism in the early childhood field.
Finding Community: An Exploration Into an Induction Support Pilot Project
Authors: Doan Laura K.
Published: February 2019

This induction support pilot project involved 22 early childhood educators in the interior of British Columbia who had a range of experience, from just beginning to 29 years in the field. Participants in the project were offered opportunities for peer mentoring, professional development, access to university faculty, visits to early learning programs, and online support. The results from the study include greater awareness on the part of participants of the value of peer mentoring and connection to community, increased knowledge, and increased sense of efficacy. At the end of the project, participants reflected on their experiences in semistructured interviews and focus groups. They also shared ways the pilot project could be improved, and the project is being revised based on their feedback.
An Ekphrastic Review of Ilona Pappene Demecs and Evonne Miller's "Woven Narratives: A Craft Encounter with Tapestry Weaving in a Residential Ages Care Facility
Authors: Schoone Adrian
Published: February 2019

The visual poem, “The loom,” is an ekphrastic response to Ilona Pappne Demecs’s article “Woven Narratives: A Craft Encounter with Tapestry Weaving in a Residential Ages Care Facility.” By drawing words and phrases from Demec’s article, the author wove a word tapestry, in a technique learnt from a child in a South Auckland primary school in New Zealand.
بررسی ارتباط وضعیت تحصیل در دانشگاه با استرس و فرسودگی شغلی پرستاران و پیراپزشکان شاغل در بیمارستان‌های دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم، سال 1396
Authors: حسینی امیری میثم , میرزایی حسین
Published: February 2019

مقدمه: شواهد نشان می‌دهد که برخی از دانشجویان پرستاری و پیراپزشکی، سختی‌هایی را در محل کار و تحصیل خود گزارش می‌کنند. هدف از انجام مطالعه حاضر، بررسی ارتباط وضعیت تحصیل در دانشگاه با استرس و فرسودگی شغلی پرستاران و پیراپزشکان بیمارستان‌های دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم بود.
روش بررسی: مطالعه‌ای توصیفی - تحلیلی بر روی 187 نفر صورت گرفت. جهت انتخاب افراد از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده استفاده گردید. در مطالعه حاضر، از پرسشنامه‌های اطلاعات دموگرافیک، فرسودگی مسلش و استرس شغلی موسسه سلامت و ایمنی انگلستان استفاده گردید. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS22 و آمار توصیفی و آزمون‌های ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، کای اسکوئر، آنالیز واریانس و تی مستقل تجزیه و تحلیل گردید.
یافته‌ها: 6/56 درصد کارکنان محصل و 4/43 درصد آن‌ها غیرمحصل بودند. 82 نفر (4/77 درصد) کارکنان محصل و 59 نفر (8/72 درصد) کارکنان غیرمحصل از استرس بالایی برخوردار بودند. همبستگی آماری معنی‌داری بین سطح استرس و فرسودگی تمامی افراد مشاهده شد (05/0 ˂ P-value، 323/0- = r). تفاوت آماری معنی‌داری در خستگی هیجانی (002/0 = P-value) و عدم کفایت فردی (001/0 = P-value) کارکنان محصل و غیرمحصل مشاهده گردید.
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس نتایج، پیراپزشکان و پرستاران در محیط پر استرسی کار می‌کنند و با توجه به نقش تحصیل در ارتقاء انگیزه شاید بتوان آن را به عنوان عاملی مهم به منظور بهبود خستگی هیجانی در نظر گرفت.
استرس شغلی و ارتباط آن با متغیرهای دموگرافیک (مطالعه‌ی موردی بر روی کارکنان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام در سال 1394)
Authors: رشیدی محمد ‌امین , یوسفی مهر عاطفه , پورنجف عبدالحسین , پورنجف مسعود , کاظمی مهرداد , اکبری عظیم , کاظمی مقداد
Published: February 2019

مقدمه: استرس شغلی پاسخ‌های هیجانی آزاردهنده‌ای است که به علت عدم تطابق بین نیازمندی‌های شغلی با توانایی‌های فردی ایجاد می‌شود. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین وضعیت استرس شغلی و فاکتورهای تاثیرگذار بر آن در میان کارکنان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام انجام گرفت.
روش بررسی: این مطالعه­ی توصیفی - تحلیلی و از نوع مقطعی بر روی 153 نفر از کارکنان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام در سال 1394 به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انجام گرفت. به منظور جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه استرس شغلی Philip. L. Rice استفاده شد. سپس تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS16 و آمار توصیفی و آزمون‌های آماری آنالیز واریانس یکطرفه (آزمون تعقیبی شفه)، کای‌دو، تی‌تست مستقل و همبستگی اسپیرمن انجام گرفت.
یافته‌ها: میانگین نمره کلی استرس شغلی در جامعه مورد مطالعه برابر با 29/31 ± 25/152 بود که 6/68 درصد از افراد مورد مطالعه در محدوده استرس شغلی متوسط قرار داشتند. آزمون اسپیرمن، همبستگی معکوس و معنی‌دار آماری را بین خرده مقیاس‌های روابط بین فردی و شرایط فیزیکی محیط کار و متغیر گروه‌های سنی در کارکنان ستاد و پردیس نشان داد (05/0>P و 246/0r=  و 163/0 r=). آزمون آنالیز واریانس تفاوت معنی‌دار آماری را بین خرده مقیاس روابط بین فردی با نوع استخدامی نشان داد (05/0>P).
نتیجه‌گیری: نظر به اینکه در این مطالعه متغیرهای نوع استخدامی، سن و خرده مقیاس روابط بین فردی به‌ عنوان مهم‌ترین عوامل تاثیرگذار بر استرس شغلی معرفی شدند لذا ضرورت دارد تا در انتخاب افراد متناسب با شغل مورد نظر، توجه بیشتری به متغیرهای ذکر شده صورت گیرد.
Comparison of immunization potential from recombinant proteins EIT and Stx2B nanoparticulated based on chitosan in animal model, as nanovaccin candidate against E. coli O157:H7
Authors: خنیفر ژاله , هاتف سلمانیان علی , حاجی حسینی رضا , امانی جعفر , کاظمی روح الله
Published: February 2019

مقدمه: باکتری E. coli O157:H7  پاتوژن مشترک بین انسان و دام و ایجاد کننده سندرم اورمی همولیتیک (HUS)  و اسهال حاد در انسان می باشد که به دلیل قابلیت لانه‌گزینی سریع در دستگاه گوارش انسان حائز اهمیت است. یکی از راه کارهای مقابله و پیشگیری در برابر این بیماری ها بکارگیری نانوواکسن های حاصل از آنتی ژن های نوترکیب فاکتورهای بیماری زای این باکتری می باشد. دراین تحقیق پروتئین های نوترکیب EIT (EspA, Intimin, Tir) و Stx2B با نانو ذرات کیتوزان انکپسوله ودردو گروه EIT همراه  Stx2Bو بدون آن به موش های BALB/cتلقیح شدندومیزان ایمنی زایی ارزیابی و مقایسه شد .
روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی پروتئین های نوترکیب EIT و  Stx2B پس از بیان و خالص سازی با روش ستون نیکل و تأیید با وسترن بلاتینگ، با نانو ذرات کیتوزان به روش ژلاسیون یونی نانوپارتیکله شدند. پس از واکسیناسیون آنتی بادی های سرمی و مدفوعی ضدrEIT  و rStx2B با استفاده از الایزا ارزیابی و مقایسه شد. چالش ریزش مدفوعی باکتری  با نرم افزار  Excel و میزان محافظت موش ها بر علیه سم این باکتری بر اساس تست دقيق فيشر مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت.
نتایج: میزان IgG سرمی و IgAسرمی و مدفوعی موش ها اندازه گیری و مقایسه شد. ایمنی مطلوب تری در گروه های واکسینه شده خوراکی- تزریقی با مخلوط دو آنتی ژن نانوپارتیکله به دست آمد. محافظت حیوانی در برابر سم فقط در گروه های واکسینه rEIT  همراه باrStx2B  مشهود بود. سطح اختلاف معنی دار بین این گروه ها و کنترل مشهود بود (05/0 P<).
نتیجه‌گیری: شواهد نشان می دهد از پروتئین نوترکیب rEIT همراه با rStx2B  متصل به نانو ذرات کیتوزان می تواند مقابله مؤثرتری از طریق جلوگیری از اتصال باکتری و خنثی سازی سم حاصل از آن داشته باشد.
Effect of different concentrations of hydroalcoholic extract of broccoli on sperm parameters and oxidative stress factors before and after thawing in NMRI mice
Authors: خادمی نادیا , رئیس زاده مهدیه , الله ویسی عذرا
Published: February 2019

مقدمه: با توجه به اهمیت پارامترهای مربوط به اسپرم در میزان باروری، هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تاثیر عصاره هیدروالکلی کلم بروکلی بر پارامترهای اسپرم قبل و بعد از فریز در موش سوری نر بود.
روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی مداخله‌ای 28 سر موش سوري نر نژاد NMRI به چهار گروه هفت تایی تقسیم شد. گروه کنترل بدون هیچ گونه تیمار، آزمایش اول، دوم و سوم به ترتیب 100، 200 و 300 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم عصاره هیدروالکلی بروکلی (تهیه شده با روش ماسراسیون) داخل صفاقی به مدت 42 روز دریافت کردند. در پایان آزمایش، اندازه‌گیری آنزیم‌های کاتالاز، سوپراکسیدیسموتاز و مالون‌دی‌آلدئید در سرم اندازه گیری شد. غلظت اسپرم، تعداد، درصد زنده‌مانی، تحرک و درصد شکنندگی DNA قبل و بعد از فریز شدن مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
نتایج: کمترین غلظت اسپرم در گروه کنترل 106× 249 و بیشترین در آزمایش سوم 106×714 میلیون بر میلی‌متر مکعب دیده شد. بیشترین درصد زنده‌مانی اسپرم و درصد تحرک در آزمایش سوم به ترتیب حدود 96 و 98 درصد شد. کاهش درصد زنده‌مانی اسپرم بعد از فریز نمودن در گروه کنترل نسبت به گروه‌های آزمایش حدود سه تا چهار برابر بوده و این اختلافات معنی‌دار بود (005/0=P). غلظت آنزیم کاتالاز و سوپراکسیدیسموتاز در آزمایش سوم به ترتیب 276/2±28/18و 425/2±36/56 واحد بر میلی‌لیتر بوده و اختلاف در مورد آنزیم سوپراکسیددیسموتاز با سایر گروه‌ها معنی‌دار بود. کمترین غلظت مالون‌دی‌آلدئید آزمایش سوم 140/0±96/1 نانومول بر میکرومول و با گروه کنترل معنی‌دار شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: دوز 300 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم عصاره بروکلی بهترین تاثیر را بر روی پارامترهای اسپرم تازه و فریز شده داشته که می‌تواند به اثرات آنتی‌اکسیدانی عصاره مرتبط باشد.
تهیه و بررسی اثر ضد میکروبی نانوذرات کامپوزیت پلی ساکاریدی حاوی کارکامین در جلوگیری از تشکیل بیوفیلم میکروبی دندان
Authors: جهانی زاده شبنم , مرجانی اعظم , یزدیان فاطمه , امیدی میثم
Published: February 2019

مقدمه: از عمده ترین دلایل پوسیدگی دندان، افزایش فعالیت میکروبی در حفره دهانی است. باکتری استرپتوکوکوس موتانس عامل اصلی ایجاد پوسیدگی است. هدف از مطالعه اخیر بارگذاری کارکامین طبیعی در فرمولاسیون بهینه نانوکامپوزیت کیتوزان-نشاسته-مونت موریلونیت و بررسی اثر ضد باکتری آن بر کاهش تشکیل بیوفیلم در مدل دندانی است.
روش بررسی: پژوهش حاصل از نوع مطالعه تجربی می باشد. نانوکامپوزیت زیستی کیتوزان- نشاسته- مونت موریلونیت بارگذاری شده با کارکامین با روش ترسیب و ژل سازی یونی تهیه شد و اثر ضدمیکروبی آن بررسی گردید. شاخص های فیزیکوشیمیایی و خصوصیات ساختاری نانوکامپوزیت از منظر بازده درون گیری، پروفایل رهایش دارو، سایز نانوکامپوزیت، پتانسیل زتا، مورفولوژی سطح و طیف FTIR تعیین گردید.
نتایج: میانگین اندازۀ ذرات در نانوکامپوزیت بهینه شده برابر با 9/35 نانومتر، پتانسیل زتا 2/37 میلی ولت و میزان بارگذاری %91 به دست آمد. بیشترین میزان رهایش دارو برای این نانوسامانه حدود %80 به دست آمد که نشان دهنده کنترل رهایش دارو در حضور مونت موریلونیت در مقایسه با نانوکامپوزیت فاقد مونت موریلونیت می باشد. در بررسی های FTIR پیک جذبی مشخصه کارکامین، نشاسته، کیتوزان و مونت موریلونیت در نانوکامپوزیت مشاهده شد که نشان دهنده اختلاط مونت موریلونیت وکارکامین در نانوکامپوزیت می باشد. در نهایت، فعالیت ضدمیکروبی نانوکامپوزیت  زیستی  کیتوزان- نشاسته- مونت موریلونیت  در  برابر استرپتوکوکوس موتانس بررسی شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: نانوکامپوزیت حاوی کارکامین با برخورداری از ویژگی های مناسب فیزیکوشیمیایی، افزایش پایداری دارو و کنترل خوب رهایش، در ممانعت از تشکیل بیوفیلم در مدل دندان بسیار موثر است که دلیل آن بهبود در ثبات کارکامین کپسوله شده و افزایش حلالیت آبی آن می باشد.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RICE (OryzasativaL.) CULTIVATION IN POLYBAG TO CULTIVATION IN LOWLAND
Authors: Royani Rina Royani , Kusumawati Erna Risfaula , Widiyanti Fenny , Ariestina Hesti
Published: February 2019

Purpose of the study: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the leading food consumed by Indonesian people even in Asia. The various innovations in rice cultivation still being developed to increase the yield both in quantity and quality. In general, rice cultivation is planted in the lowland. This research aims to compare the productivity of rice cultivation in a polybag to rice cultivation in the lowland.

Methodology: The size of the polybag that used in the experiment is 40x40 cm with space 50 cm of each other. The experiment was conducted in Nganjuk, East Java, Indonesia. The variables studied are rice yield and rice varieties. The varieties used are Ciherang and Sertani 12.

Main Findings: The result showed that rice production yield includes the number of filled grains, total grain, and panicle number in polybag more than in lowland. Rice cultivation produces 2 kg/m2 in a polybag and 1 kg/m2 in the lowland. The panicle number of rice in polybag is more than in lowland, i.e., 12 in a polybag and 6 in the lowland. For the rice variety, Ciherang and Sertani 12 have the same yield in a polybag. It is 2 kg/m2.

Applications of this study: The rice cultivation in polybags has an easy cultivation system and suitable for urban areas where agricultural land is limited. Besides, it can be the solution for decreasing agricultural land from time to time.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research is the use of polybags as the media of rice cultivation, which is not commonly done in farming.
Development Assistance for Africa as Part of the Chinese–American Rivalry
Authors: Zaremba Michał
Published: February 2019

The system of development assistance for Africa in recent years has become one of the most important tools in the rivalry between world powers on the continent. Due to the increasingly important position in the global system of China which is now competing with traditional donors, the problems with development assistance are gaining in importance as a potential area for competition among global powers. The aim of the article is to analyze the development assistance of China and the United States for Africa as part of the these two superpowers’ global rivalry.
Axiological entanglement of economics
Authors: Klimczak Bożena
Published: February 2019

In mainstream economics, the principle of freedom from value judgment (Wertfreiheit) is enforced. This principle has different interpretations. The aim of this paper is to present the author’s interpretations of the principle of Wertfreiheit. The basic ideas of axiology have been analysed: values, valuations, and value judgments, including their application to economic activities and economic researches. Two models of valuations have been presented—the taste model and perception model—as well as points of view of economic researches on those models. The conclusion comprises the author’s interpretation of the principle of Wertfreiheit as that of impartiality and integrity in research activities.
МИНЕРАЛЬНО-ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ЗОНАЛЬНОСТЬ ЗОЛОТОНОСНЫХ КОР ВЫВЕТРИВАНИЯ ТОМЬ-ЯЙСКОГО МЕЖДУРЕЧЬЯ
Authors: (Olga M. Yanchenko) Янченко Ольга Михайловна , (Valery G. Voroshilov) Ворошилов Валерий Гаврилович , (Timofey V. Timkin) Тимкин Тимофей Васильевич , (Mansour Ziaii) Мансур Зиаи
Published: February 2019

Актуальность. Коры выветривания Томь-Яйского междуречья могут быть объектами промышленной добычи золота. В Томь-Яйском междуречье коры выветривания широко распространены, установлена их золотоносность, но строение, минеральный состав и геохимические особенности изучены недостаточно. Цель: выявить минерально-геохимическую зональность кор выветривания Томь-Яйского междуречья для решения вопросов генезиса и разработки критериев прогнозирования их золотоносности. Объект: коры выветривания по породам палеозойского фундамента Томь-Яйского междуречья. Методы. Кристалломорфологические особенности золота и минералов-спутников, парагенетические ассоциации минералов изучались микроскопически под бинокуляром, в отраженном свете, химический состав минералов – методом ИСП-масс-спектрометрии, на рентгено-флюоресцентном микроскопе HORIBA Scientific XGT-7200, сканирующем электронном микроскопе TESCAN VEGA 3 SBU с ЭДС OXFORD X-Max 50. Сокращенный химический состав продуктов выветривания определялся методом ИСП-масс-спектрометрии. Минеральный состав пелитовой фракции определялся методом рентгенофазового количественного анализа на дифрактометре D8 Advance фирмы Bruker. Проведен сокращенный гранулометрический анализ продуктов выветривания разных зон профиля. Результаты. В Томь-Яйском междуречье установлены остаточные и переотложенные коры выветривания. Продукты выветривания представлены песчано-алевритовым, глинистым и щебнисто-дресвяным материалом, с преобладанием песчаной и алеврито-глинистой составляющей. Установлен состав и распределение по разрезу глинистых минералов, карбонатов, пирита, золота и других минералов. Состав остаточных кор выветривания монтмориллонит-гидрослюдисто-каолинитовый. В строении полного профиля выделяются зоны: 1) дезинтеграции, 2) гидратации и 3) гидролиза. Дана минерально-геохимическая характеристика выделенных зон. На основании сокращенного химического анализа рассчитаны основные геохимические модули.
Lise Öğrencilerinin Sosyal Ağları Kullanma Sıklığına Göre Sosyal Ağları Eğitim Amaçlı Kullanmaya Yönelik Tutumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: KESİCİ Ahmet
Published: February 2019

Sosyal ağların eğitim amaçlı kullanımını inceleyen bu çalışmanın iki
amacı vardır. Bu amaçlardan ilki, öğrencilerin sosyal ağların eğitim amaçlı
kullanımına yönelik tutumlarını belirlemede kullanılacak bir ölçek
geliştirmektir. Diğer amacı ise lise öğrencilerinin, en yaygın olarak
kullanılan sosyal ağları kullanma sıklıklarına göre sosyal ağların eğitim
amaçlı kullanımlarına yönelik tutumlarını (SAEAKYT) karşılaştırmaktır. Öğrencilerin
sosyal ağları kullanma sıklıklarına göre SAEAKYT’ları genel tarama yöntemi ile
incelenmiştir. Araştırmaya 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında Siirt’te 3 farklı
okul türünde okuyan 352 öğrenci katılmış ve 21 maddelik 5’li likert tipinde bir
ölçek geliştirilmiştir. Ölçek; davranış boyutu, bilgi boyutu ve duygu boyutu
olarak adlandırılan 3 alt boyuttan oluşmakta ve varyansın yaklaşık %58’ini
açıklamaktadır. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha katsayısı .93 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Doğrulayıcı
faktör analizi ile elde edilen uyum indeksleri kabul edilebilir sınırlardadır.
Araştırmada Youtube sosyal paylaşım ağını kullanma sıklığına göre öğrencilerin
SAEAKYT puanları ortalaması çok kullananların lehine anlamlı olarak
farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram ve Whatsapp kullanım
sıklığına göre SAEAKYT puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır.
Ergenlerin Gelecek Beklentilerinin Yordayıcısı Olarak: Psikolojik Semptomlar ve Akademik Başarı
Authors: Dursun Asiye , ÖZKAN Murat Sinan , KÖRLER BAŞKAYA Yasemin
Published: February 2019

Ergenlik döneminde gerçekleştirilmesi gereken gelişim
görevlerinden biri de geleceği planlamak adına adımlar atmaktır. Bu süreçte
gelecek beklentisi kavramı önemli olabilmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı gelecek
beklentisi ile psikolojik semptomlar ve akademik başarı ile ilişkisini ele alıp
incelemektir. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler için yüzde-frekans ve
psikolojik belirtilerin diğer değişkenlerle ilişkisini belirlemek için
korelasyon ve aşamalı regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara bakıldığında
geçmez ve geçer akademik başarı ortalamasına sahip ergenlerin gelecek
beklentilerinin, orta ve başarılı akademik başarı puanlarına göre anlamlı
bulunmuştur. Ekonomik gelecek boyutunu yordama da sırasıyla depresyon ve
anksiyete belirtilerinin etkili olduğu. sosyal gelecek boyutunu yordama da
sırasıyla depresyon, anksiyete ve rahatsızlık ciddiyeti indeksi belirtilerinin
etkili olduğu, eğitsel gelecek ve kişisel ve mesleki gelecek boyutlarını
yordama da anksiyete belirtisinin etkili olduğu söylenebilir. Bulgular,
literatür ışığında tartışılmış ve bir takım öneriler sunulmuştur.
Örgüt Kültürü, Psikolojik Güçlendirme ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Arasındaki İlişkiler
Authors: ORDU Aydan , BALÇIK Ece
Published: February 2019

Bu çalışma, öğretmenlerin algılarına
göre örgüt kültürü, psikolojik güçlendirme ve örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki
ilişkileri araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 2016-2017
eğitim - öğretim yılında Antalya ili Manavgat ilçesinde bulunan ilkokul,
ortaokul ve liselerde görev yapan 331 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. İlişkisel
tarama modelinde tasarlanan araştırmada veriler “Örgüt Kültürü Ölçeği”,
“Psikolojik Güçlendirme Ölçeği”  ve
“Örgütsel Bağlılık Ölçeği” aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde
aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, korelasyon ve regresyon analizinden
yararlanılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin okullarında en yüksek algıladıkları kültür
görev kültürü iken; en düşük algıladıkları kültür de bürokratik kültür
çıkmıştır. Psikolojik güçlendirmeye ilişkin en yüksek algı anlam, en düşük algı
ise etki boyutunda görülmektedir. Örgütsel bağlılığın alt boyutlarında ise
duygusal bağlılık en yüksek, devam bağlılığı en düşük çıkmıştır. Değişkenler
arasındaki ilişkiler incelendiğinde, en yüksek ilişki normatif bağlılık ile
başarı kültürü arasında orta düzeyde ve pozitif yönde çıkmıştır. Örgüt
kültürünün alt boyutları ve psikolojik güçlendirmenin doğrusal kombinasyonunun
öğretmenlerin duygusal, devam ve normatif bağlılıklarını anlamlı bir biçimde
yordadığı görülmüştür.
Volunteered Geographical Information and Digital Social Networks applied to Tourism Dynamics in the “Alta and University of Coimbra” (UNESCO world Heritage Site)
Authors: Santos José , Azevedo Liliana , Patriarca Joaquim , Leitão Luis
Published: February 2019

Spatial modeling in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) always involves choices. The existence of constraints, either of a financial nature or related to the specifics of the software itself, to the algorithms, the uncertainty and even the reliability of the data, the purposes and the applications of the studies, make this a kind of guiding compass for GIS analysts. Building on a previous exercise of data acquisition (check-ins) based on two Digital Social Networks (DSN — Facebook and Foursquare) and on the awareness of the use of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) generated by tourists sharing their topophilic ties through DSN, the present analysis aims to evaluate the contribution of modern techniques of spatial analysis applied to tourism in the “Alta and University of Coimbra” area. Concepts and procedural tasks related to density determination, cluster analysis and identification of patterns associated with regionalized variables have thus been implemented with the purpose of evaluating and comparing the results obtained through the application of two techniques of spatial analysis, Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and Optimized Hot-Spot Analysis (OHSA) & Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) Interpolation.
Experimental and Theoretical Realization of Zenneck Wave-based Non-Radiative, Non-Coupled Wireless Power Transmission
Authors: Oruganti Sai Kiran , Malik Jagannath , Lee Jongwon , Park Woojin , Lee Bonyoung , Seo Seoktae , Paul Dipra , Kim Haksun , Thundat Thomas , Bien Franklin
Published: February 2019

A decade ago, non-radiative wireless power transmission re-emerged as a promising alternative to deliver electrical power to devices where a physical wiring proved to be unfeasible. However, existing approaches are neither scalable nor efficient when multiple devices are involved, as they are restricted by factors like coupling and external environments. Zenneck waves are excited at interfaces, like surface plasmons and have the potential to deliver electrical power to devices placed on a conducting surface. Here, we demonstrate, efficient and long range delivery of electrical power by exciting non-radiative waves over metal surfaces to multiple loads. Our modeling and simulation using Maxwell’s equation with proper boundary conditions shows Zenneck type behavior for the excited waves and are in excellent agreement with experimental results. In conclusion, we physically realize a radically different power transfer system, based on a wave, whose existence has been fiercely debated for over a century.
ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF MISTLETOE (Cladocolea loniceroides) IN STZ-INDUCED DIABETIC MICE
Authors: Paredes Ruiz Frida Monserrat Hosanna , Barrera Angeles Fortis , Alquicira Edith Ponce , Almanza Pérez Julio César , Ramos Rubén Román , Santos Jorge Soriano
Published: February 2019

Background: Inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase, is a key element in the regulation of diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this work was to study the inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, and the antihyperglycemic activity of aqueous extract of Cladocolea (C. loniceroides) in streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic mice. Materials and Methods: The inhibitory activities of C. loniceroides aqueous extract on α-amylase and α-glucosidase were investigated in vitro. Glucose tolerance test was performed in normoglycemic (NG) mice which were fed with starch or sucrose. The effect of mistletoe aqueous extract (ME) was measured in (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. On day 35 of the treatment, the effect of decreasing oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, glutathione redox state, GPx and GR specific activities, cytokines and aminotransferases analysis) was assessed. Results: ME showed a competitive mode of inhibition for the carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes (CHE). The maximum antihyperglycemic activity in mice was observed for the unripe fruit aqueous extract (UFAE) for -amylase and stem aqueous extract (SAE); for -glucosidase due to the glycemic response reduction by 23% or 35%, respectively. UFAE decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) 1.76 times; GSH/GSSG ratio was mantained (3.08 ± 0.66); GPx activity was reduced (24%); IL-6 was reduced (18%) and the concentration of TNF- (37%) was leveled with respect to the (STZ)-induced diabetic mice; ALT and AST (liver transaminases) levels were nearly the same compared with those found in the NG mice. Conclusion: UFAE of C. loniceroides exhibited the highest antidiabetic activity in (STZ)-induced diabetic mice.
O sobrestamento legislativo de decisões do STF: diálogo constitucional e o papel do judiciário como ator com poder de veto no Brasil
Authors: Cunha Carlos Renato , Costa Valterlei A. da , Valle Maurício Dalri Timm do
Published: February 2019

A democracia é uma das formas de governo. Mas não só isso, é a forma de governo por excelência, pois permite um equilíbrio entre o peso das regras e a sua aceitação. Mas, para que não desague a democracia em tirania, deve haver um sistema de freio entre as funções do Estado, com cada uma sendo autônoma e ao mesmo tempo limitando e sendo limitada pela outra. E uma vez posto o sistema equilibradamente, esse pode ter uma tendência a se alterar frequentemente ou a ser mais estável. Tudo vai depender do número de atores que participam desse processo, podendo, então, impedir as alterações, ou seja, vai depender dos veto players. E num sistema com controle de constitucionalidade, a posição do poder judiciário ganha destaque, já que a nova legislação deve ser aceita como concernente com o todo antes dela. Por essa trilha, a posição do poder judiciário pode parecer a última, com poder de veto sobre o legislativo, mas, por meio de emendas à Constituição, esse último pode retomar a iniciativa. No entanto, como cabe, ainda, o poder de julgar a própria emenda, a última palavra é a sua, do Judiciário. Ocorre que no caso brasileiro, especificamente em matéria tributária, o judiciário não vem, como regra, vetando a atuação do poder legislativo, e quando isso o faz, não se insurge quando aquele poder retoma a iniciativa, restabelecendo o que foi vetado por meio de emendas constitucionais.
O Tribunal Superior Eleitoral na redemocratização (1987-1990): entre o pluripartidarismo e a autonomia parlamentar
Authors: Guerra Maria Pia
Published: February 2019

A Constituição Federal de 1988 deu novo sentido à participação política e, assim, ao sistema partidário e eleitoral que havia sido manipulado de forma casuística pelo regime militar nos vinte anos anteriores. A ausência de um projeto hegemônico de democracia durante a Assembleia Nacional Constituinte, no entanto, prolongou as disputas para os anos seguintes e para os tribunais. O Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, em especial, definiu os contornos da participação política adequada à democracia. Argumentamos que, ao interpretar antigas e novas regras à luz de sua compreensão sobre a Constituição, o TSE transformou o pluripartidarismo em autonomia parlamentar e reduziu a proteção da igualdade à proteção da autonomia privada. Para tanto, analisamos casos julgados pelo tribunal nas eleições presidenciais de 1989, com destaque para os temas de censura, propaganda eleitoral e registro partidário.
Multizone Casedhole Frac Packs and Intelligent-Well Systems Improve Recovery in Subsea Gas Fields
Authors: Burton R. C. , Gilbert W. W. , Fleming G.. , Leitch J. C. , Nozaki M.. , Pandey V. J. , Adams M. D. , Peterson E. M. , Zhou L.. , Ray T. W.
Published: February 2019

A nine–well subsea development project has been completed using casedhole frac packs (CHFPs) for sand control and multizone intelligent–well systems (IWSs) to improve recovery from a series of shallow, low–pressure gas reservoirs. In these wells, CHFPs have been installed to provide reliable sand control over the long, low–net–to–gross–ratio sand/shale target sequence: typically, three to six frac packs per well. This outer CHFP completion is then augmented with a multizone IWS, consisting of isolation seals, surface–controlled zonal–isolation valves, and downhole–pressure/temperature (DHP/T) gauges. The IWS string is run as a separate inner string to provide flow–monitoring capability and allow shutoff of zones producing high water volumes. This critical water–shutoff capability eliminates the risk of one or more high–water–production zones loading up and killing adjacent low–pressure gas zones, with the associated loss of reserves.

To date, a total of nine wells have been completed and are being produced from three subsea gas fields. To maximize recovery from the fields’ numerous but relatively thin gas reservoirs, production wells are completed over three to six separate intervals. These frac–packed intervals are then grouped to allow flow control and pressure/temperature monitoring to occur through up to six surface–operated interval control valves (ICVs) and associated downhole gauges. This combination of sand control and intelligent–well control has provided an ability to perform multirate tests (MRTs) and pressure–buildup (PBU) tests on each reservoir interval to detect the start of water production or identify other impending production issues. After approximately 6 years of production service to the October 2018 date of this paper, 16 of the 34 zones completed in the nine–well project have been shut in to eliminate high water production. These water–shutoff actions performed using the surface–controlled ICVs are estimated to have improved gas–recovery factors from 50 to 60% without requiring rig intervention.

This paper describes the reservoir challenges addressed and the completion–design and –operating practices used in this successful program.
A Unified Approach To Optimize Fracture Design of a Horizontal Well Intercepted by Primary- and Secondary-Fracture Networks
Authors: Wang Junlei , Wei Yunsheng , Luo Wanjing
Published: February 2019

The classical optimization design dependent on a single-fracture (SF) assumption is widely applied in performance optimization for hydraulically fractured wells. The objective of this paper is to extend the optimal design to a complex fracture network to achieve the maximum productivity index (PI). In this work, we established a pseudosteady-state (PSS) productivity model of a fractured horizontal well, which has the flexibility of accounting for the complexity of fracture-network dimensions. A semianalytical solution was then presented in the generalized matrix format through coupling reservoir- and fracture-flowing systems. Subsequently, several published studies on the PSS productivity calculation of a SF were used to verify this model, and a 3D transient numerical simulation of an orthogonal fracture network was used to perform further verification. We show that results from our solutions agree very well with those benchmarked results. On the basis of the model, we provide a detailed analysis on the productivity enhancement of the fracture-network/optimization work flow using unified fracture design (UFD). The results show the following:

The PI is determined by fracture conductivity and complexity (network size, spacing, and configuration), and it is a function of fracture complexity and conductivity when the influence of proppant volume is not considered. Under the constraint of a given amount of proppant known as UFD, the maximum PI would be achieved when the best balance between network complexity and conductivity was obtained. It is more advantageous to minimize fracture complexity by creating relatively simple-geometry fractures with smaller network size and larger fracture spacing in the condition of small and intermediate proppant numbers. It should be the design goal to generate a complex network by creating relatively complex-geometry fractures with larger network size and smaller fracture spacing in the condition of a large proppant number. Increasing fracture complexity could reduce the optimal requirement of fracture conductivity. The proposed approach can provide guidance for a network-hydraulic-fracturing design for an optimal completion.
Proportional Swivel Headlight and Foglight Mechanism
Authors: Shah Prit Devendrakumar , Patel Ajay , Desai Manan
Published: February 2019

This paper describes the hardware of movable Headlight & Foglight system for vehicles. It has been found that the majority of accidents take place due to the invisibility of road at night & in fog. So, it becomes necessary that we get a clear vision during the night & in fog so as to avoid accidents. Therefore, the following research represents the rotation of headlight & foglight with the rotation of wheels. In this system used rack & pinion arrangement which give the drive to the optical axes on which headlight & foglight are mounted so when the links are moved with steering arm that gives predefined motion to headlight and foglight. Hence the light from the Headlight & Foglight focuses properly on the road, also while taking turn the driver coming from the opposite side can easily notice the upcoming vehicle & so the number of accidents is minimized. In this paper, we have defined a novel approach movement of foglight along with the headlight.
Imperative of revisiting the operational risk control architecture in public sector banks (PSBs) in India: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Shivakanth Shetty A. , B. V. Nagendra , S. Jeevananda , G. M. Divakar
Published: February 2019

The banking sector in India has contributed to economic growth, parity and equity while equally keeping focus on profit and social objectives. The successive prudential and regulatory reforms introduced in the banking sector have made it more robust and stronger to withstand the bubbles and external shocks. Still, the Indian banking sector in general and public-sector banks (PSBs) in particular have been suffering from the bank frauds. This study endeavors to cover the increasing incidences of banking frauds in PSBs and probes the weaknesses and chinks in the operational risk architecture at the PSBs in India. This study selects Punjab National Bank as a true representative of PSBs and treats it as a critical case study to apply the learning and findings to the PSBs in India. This qualitative analysis of the study revealed that the chinks in the operational risk control mechanism and lax corporate governance are the main reasons behind the increasing incidences of frauds at PSBs. The findings of the study showed that a strong corporate governance and compliance framework, robust risk management architecture, investment in people, technology and systems will go a long way in achieving tighter control and supervision, streamlining processes and, most of all, adhering to a culture of checks and balances.
Contribution of flow conditions and sand addition on hyporheic zone exchange in gravel beds
Authors: Marttila H. , Tammela S. , Mustonen K.-R. , Louhi P. , Muotka T. , Mykrä H. , Kløve B.
Published: February 2019

We conducted a series of tracer test experiments in 12 outdoor semi-natural flumes to assess the effects of variable flow conditions and sand addition on hyporheic zone conditions in gravel beds, mimicking conditions in headwater streams under sediment pressure. Two tracer methods were applied in each experiment: 2–5 tracer-pulse tests were conducted in all flumes and pulses were monitored at three distances downstream of the flume inlet (0 m, 5 m and 10 m, at bed surface), and in pipes installed into the gravel bed at 5 m and 10 m distances. The tracer breakthrough curves (total of 120 tracer injections) were then analysed with a one-dimensional solute transport model (OTIS) and compared with data from the gravel pipes in point-dilution pulse tests. Sand addition had a strong negative effect on horizontal fluxes (qh), whereas the fraction of the median travel time due to transient storage (F200) was determined more by flow conditions. These results suggest that even small additions of sand can modify the hyporheic zone exchange in gravel beds, thus making headwater streams with low sediment transport capacity particularly vulnerable to sediments transported into the stream from catchment land use activities.
Governance instruments for optimising source separation in novel urban water systems: the case of cross-connections in urban water systems
Authors: Ebert Björn , Schramm Engelbert , Wang Bingxiang , Winker Martina
Published: February 2019

Using the three-phase cooperation model and analysing projects based on their cooperation demands in the planning, implementation and operation phases, this article answers three main questions for each of the above-mentioned phases: (i) How and between which systems do cross-connections occur? (ii) Which actors are involved in those phases? (iii) Who needs to participate in which type of governance to achieve a better, more structured process of cross-connection control? The article refers to the world's largest novel water system in the Chinese city of Qingdao where a Resource Recovery Centre (RRC) providing the treatment of greywater for domestic and landscape reuse for 12,000 inhabitants has been implemented. A systematic interdisciplinary analysis of cross-connections leads to the conclusion that the approach to source separation needs to be complemented by governance instruments. These governance instruments derived from the actors identified by the cooperation management approach comprise processes of deliberation and communication, qualification and certification, final approval and inspection, as well as learning and evaluation.
State-level policies concerning private wells in the United States
Authors: Bowen Kristina , Krishna Tara , Backer Lorraine , Hodgins Kate , Waller Lance A. , Gribble Matthew O.
Published: February 2019

Currently, no federal policies exist in the United States regarding private wells; this authority is devolved to states. This study inventoried state-level policies governing private wells in the United States in order to identify the topics addressed by each state, division of responsibilities across state agencies, and geographic differences in policy comprehensiveness. From May to August 2018, two independent reviewers conducted an online search followed by directly contacting state agencies (98% response) to identify all state-level policies in the United States that directly reference private wells. The search, updated in April 2018, confirmed the existing water policy list and identified 23 additional policies. Policies were then coded according to nine not-mutually-exclusive classifications. The results indicate that all states had at least one policy addressing private well drilling or construction. Significant geographic differences exist in maintenance related policies. In conclusion, although drilling and construction safety are addressed by each state, some policy domains are addressed inconsistently across states, and other policy domains are absent in most states.
Sustainable treatment systems for removal of pharmaceutical residues and other priority persistent substances
Authors: Baresel C. , Ek M. , Ejhed H. , Allard A.-S. , Magnér J. , Dahlgren L. , Westling K. , Wahlberg C. , Fortkamp U. , Söhr S. , Harding M. , Fång J. , Karlsson J.
Published: February 2019

Pharmaceutical residues and other emerging substances commonly summarised as micropollutants pass through wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and end up in the receiving waters and sludge. Many studies have investigated the removal efficiency of various techniques but a holistic evaluation of various relevant treatment alternatives regarding both the removal efficiency for various micropollutants, investment and operating costs, environmental impacts and future comprehensiveness is still lacking. This paper provides the results from a large 3-year project about the evaluation of sustainable treatment systems for removal of various micropollutants or disruptive effects at Swedish WWTPs and their environmental, economic and future sustainability. The presented results are based on our own pilot tests and related assessment and modelling efforts and provide a holistic view on advanced treatment of wastewater for removal of micropollutants.
Incidentally Discovered Thyroid Nodules by Routine Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Cervical Spine: Incidence and Clinical Significance
Authors: Özdemir Meltem , Kavak Rasime Pelin
Published: February 2019

Background:

The aim of our study was to present the prevalence of thyroid nodules we incidentally
discovered by routine Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine, to
evaluate their clinical significance, and to discuss the current clinical approach to incidental thyroid
nodules.

Methods:

We retrospectively evaluated the cervical spinal MRI studies of 512 patients. Thyroid
glands were evaluated for morphologic and signal characteristics and examined for the presence of
nodule(s). The nodules with a maximum diameter of 5 mm or more were taken into analysis.

Results:

Of 512 MRI studies, 254 revealed incidental thyroid nodule(s) (49.6%). The mean maximum
nodule diameter was 7.48±2.92 mm. Thirty-eight of 254 incidental thyroid nodules were radiologically
reported, 35 reported nodules were evaluated by US, and 22 were further analyzed by
fine needle aspiration cytology. The final diagnosis of 11 aspirated nodules was an adenomatous
nodule, whereas 3 were papillary thyroid carcinoma. One of the patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
was a 32-year-old man with a nodule with a maximum diameter of 7 mm.

Conclusion:

Incidental thyroid nodule is a frequent non-spinal lesion detected by routine cervical
spinal MRI. The 3-tiered system which is recommended in the clinical approach to incidental thyroid
nodules may miss some clinically significant thyroid nodules. We suggest the criteria of this
system to be re-evaluated and modified if necessary. In addition, we would like to emphasize the
need for a guideline for radiologists for reporting incidental thyroid nodules on MRI on the basis of
a standard clinical approach.
A Systematic Review on Analytical Methods to Determine Chiral and Achiral Forms of Venlafaxine and its Metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine
Authors: Dubey Sunil K. , Jindal Monika , Nagpal Shakti , Saha Ranendra N. , Singhvi Gautam , Anand Amit , Krishna Kowthavarapu V.
Published: February 2019

Background:

Venlafaxine (VEN) is a bicyclic phenylethylamine derivative and possesses a
marked structural difference from other antidepressant drugs present in the market. It works by eliciting
the neurotransmitter action in CNS. It occurs in two enantiomeric forms i.e. R and S VEN. After the
first pass metabolism, it gets metabolized into more active form O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) which
also exist in the enantiomeric forms. So it is important to develop a suitable analytical and bioanalytical
method for the determination of VEN and its metabolite to quantify them accurately.

Methods and Results:

The current review summarizes methods to determine chiral and achiral forms of
VEN and ODV. According to the literature, it is clear that most widely used method for the determination
of VEN and ODV is liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy, other methods used for routine
analysis include UV spectroscopy, reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography with PDA
detector. For the determination of enantiomeric forms of VEN and ODV, different chiral columns have
been utilized. Capillary electrophoresis with charged cyclodextrins is also used to determine the enantiomeric
forms.

Conclusion:

Various analytical methods for determining VEN and its metabolite in different matrices
have been discussed thoroughly in the present review.