bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of head and neck per-cooling on neuromuscular fatigue following exercise in the heat
Authors: Gordon Ralph Joseph Frederick Hills , Tillin Neale Anthony , Tyler Christopher James
Published: May 2020

The effect of localised head and neck per-cooling on central and peripheral fatigue during high thermal strain was investigated. Fourteen participants cycled for 60 min at 50% peak oxygen uptake on 3 occasions: thermoneutral control (CON; 18 °C), hot (HOT; 35 °C), and HOT with head and neck cooling (HOTcooling). Maximal voluntary force (MVF) and central activation ratio (CAR) of the knee extensors were measured every 30 s during a sustained maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). Triplet peak force was measured following cycling, before and after the MVC. Rectal temperatures were higher in HOTcooling (39.2 ± 0.6 °C) and HOT (39.3 ± 0.5 °C) than CON (38.1 ± 0.3 °C; P < 0.05). Head and neck thermal sensation was similar in HOTcooling (4.2 ± 1.4) and CON (4.4 ± 0.9; P > 0.05) but lower than HOT (5.9 ± 1.5; P < 0.05). MVF and CAR were lower in HOT than CON throughout the MVC (P < 0.05). MVF and CAR were also lower in HOTcooling than CON at 5, 60, and 120 s, but similar at 30 and 90 s into the MVC (P > 0.05). Furthermore, they were greater in HOTcooling than HOT at 30 s, whilst triplet peak force was preserved in HOT after MVC. These results provide evidence that central fatigue following exercise in the heat is partially attenuated with head and neck cooling, which may be at the expense of greater peripheral fatigue.

Novelty Central fatigue was greatest during hyperthermia. Head and neck cooling partially attenuated the greater central fatigue in the heat. Per-cooling led to more voluntary force production and more peripheral fatigue.
Positive-parity states and electromagnetic transitions of odd-A Pr and Ce isotopes
Authors: Mahdi Musa M. , Al-Khudair Falih H.
Published: May 2020

Energy levels and electromagnetic transition probabilities of odd-mass [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] isotopes have been calculated using the interacting boson fermion model. The even–even [Formula: see text] isotopes have been used as the cores. In the model space, the bosons have angular momentum, [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]-boson) and [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]-boson) have been considered, while the nine protons for [Formula: see text] and 19–25 neutrons for [Formula: see text] are allowed to occupy the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] single particle orbitals. The quasi-particle energies and occupation probabilities have been obtained by solving the BCS equation. According to the model space, the wave function for low-lying states has been investigated. The calculated results are in good agreement with the available experimental data.
Vibration Prediction of Box Girder Bridges Used in High-Speed Railways Based on Model Test
Authors: Luo Kun , Lei Xiaoyan , Zhang Xinya
Published: May 2020

In order to predict more accurately the structural vibration and noise of elevated tracks induced by moving trains, a new prediction method based on the scaled model test is proposed in this paper. A 32-m simply supported box girder bridge used in the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway is selected as the prototype for designing and constructing a scaled model test with 10:1 geometric similarity ratio. Both experimental tests and finite element analyses were carried out to verify the similarity relationship between the model and prototype. The test result shows that the scaled model can predict the structural vibration and noise of the prototype, as long as the similarity constants between the prototype and scaled model are correctively determined. Furthermore, a standard finite element analysis model for the scaled model is built. Based on the sensitivity analysis, the model parameters for finite element analysis are updated by minimizing the errors between the measured and calculated modes. The computational results show that the updated model based on the local parameters partitioning works best, and the precision of the modal frequency calculated is noticeably improved after updating, with the average relative error reduced from 5.46% to 3.09%, and the difference of the peak values reduced from [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m/s2 to [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m/s2. The calculated dynamic response of the finite element model after updating is basically in line with experimental results, indicating that the updated model can better reflect the dynamic properties of the scaled box girder model. The updated finite element model is useful both for verification with the model test result and for reliable prediction of the dynamic characteristics of the prototype.
THE BIOMECHANICAL COMPARISONS OF DIFFERENT PERIODONTAL CONDITIONS UNDER THE DIFFERENT EXTRACORONAL PRECISION ATTACHMENT RESTORATIONS FOR THE MANDIBULAR KENNEDY I DENTITION DEFECT
Authors: SHU JINGHENG , LIU ZHAN
Published: May 2020

Extracoronal precision attachment provides an available solution for complicated periodontal conditions in patients with dentistry defect. The mandibular Kennedy I dentition defect refers to the dentition defect at bilateral free-end molars. The bilateral nearby teeth are used as the abutment of extracoronal precision attachment to offer supporting forces. However, it is difficult to choose the quantities of abutments for patients with various periodontal conditions. The aim of this study is to suggest quantities of abutments based on stress distributions under various periodontal conditions for patients with mandibular Kennedy I dentition defect. Models were constructed from computed tomography, and they were assembled and analyzed in ANSYS. Seven models were used in our study based on different periodontal conditions and quantities of abutments (three models in healthy periodontal condition using single, double and triple abutment(s) restorations, two models with one absorbed abutment using double and triple abutments restorations and two models with two absorbed abutments using double and triple abutments restorations). The degree of absorbed abutments was 1/3. The mandible and other structures were considered as an orthotropic material and isotropic materials, respectively. Loads and boundary conditions corresponded to the realistic occlusion. Poor periodontal conditions enlarge the stress on abutments and surrounding structures. In addition, the increase in quantity of abutments causes the decrease and distribution of stress to differ. Different periodontal conditions require different quantities of abutments for recommendation in rehabilitation. The double abutments restoration is suitable for patients without absorbed abutment. The triple abutments restoration should be considered for patients with only one absorbed abutment. If more than two absorbed abutments exist, the extracoronal attachment denture restoration is not recommended for patients.
Equilibrium compositions in gas phase systems
Authors: Povarov V. G. , Keresten A. A.
Published: May 2020

A new method of calculation of equilibrium compositions of single-phase multicomponent systems in a wide range of temperatures, pressures, and elemental compositions is proposed. It is based on the minimization of the integral characteristic of the slope of the thermodynamic potential surface in the space of coordinates of chemical reactions. The proposed algorithm is applied to the definition of area of the thermodynamic stability of freons in volcanic gases and to the construction of the equilibrium profiles of the height distribution of sulphur-containing components of Venusian atmosphere.
Knowledge Management Evaluation in British Higher Education Partnerships
Authors: Bamber Christopher , Elezi Enis
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this research is to encourage higher education institutions working in partnerships to evaluate the development of partnerships not only on the basis of financial indicators but take into consideration the newly created knowledge as a result of social capital, monitoring and reviewing and continuing professional development of staff. The empirical data were collected through a survey instrument originally used for a PhD study. This research study provides a better understanding of the knowledge management evaluation stage of partnership development. Findings point out that although embedded knowledge management practices support social capital development, it is expected that higher education institutions could exploit their available knowledge to a greater extent in order to improve their impact on social capital in the context of partnership development. Research findings suggest that evaluation frameworks implemented and controlled by higher education institutions regulatory and governing bodies would benefit from particular inclusion within “assessment of performance” of Higher Education partnerships that specifically consider the social impact of partnership ventures. Knowledge management is a developing theme within academia, and findings imply that executives within higher education are committed to include knowledge management training in CPD strategies, as this not only benefits higher education institutions but will also benefit higher education partnership development. In terms of originality and value, this paper straightens the critical importance of knowledge management evaluation as part of the last stage of partnership development in order to advance in the understanding of the benefits deriving from higher education institutions partnerships. Students, scholars and practitioners of knowledge management can gather a range of insights pointed at performance and knowledge creation within a partnership context.
An Empirical-Based View on the Sharing Economy in Germany: More Mainstream Economy than Collaborative Commons?
Authors: Herrmann-Fankhaenel Anja , Huesig Stefan
Published: May 2020

The concept of a sharing economy (SE) is a contemporary phenomenon, often seen as a panacea for social issues. Our research is based on an explorative procedure, which qualitatively and quantitatively analyzes more than 70 online platforms associated with the SE in Germany. The results are empirically deduced features, types (of business models) and a definition of the SE. Overall, our results show that the SE appears to be of more a business model modification based on online platforms and incumbent dominated than a social innovation for the market-based society in Germany.
A comparative study of the photophysicochemical and photodynamic activity properties of meso-4-methylthiophenyl functionalized Sn(IV) tetraarylporphyrins and triarylcorroles
Authors: Dingiswayo Somila , Babu Balaji , Prinsloo Earl , Mack John , Nyokong Tebello
Published: May 2020

Tin(IV) complexes of a 4-methylthiophenyl functionalized porphyrin (1-Sn) and its corrole analogue (2-Sn) were synthesized so that their photophysicochemical properties and photodynamic activities against MCF-7 breast cancer cells could be compared. Singlet oxygen luminescence studies revealed that 1-Sn and 2-Sn have comparable [Formula: see text] values in DMF of 0.59 and 0.60, respectively, while the IC[Formula: see text] values after irradiation of MCF-7 cells for 30 min with a Thorlabs 625 nm LED (432 J · cm[Formula: see text] were determined to be 12.4 and 8.9 [Formula: see text]M. The results demonstrate that the cellular uptake of 2-Sn and its molar absorptivity at the irradiation wavelength play a crucial role during in vitro cytotoxicity studies.
A Modified Fourier Series Solution for a Thermo-Acoustic Tube with Arbitrary Impedance Boundaries
Authors: Xing Xue , Xu Qi , Du Jingtao , Cheng Li , Liu Zhigang
Published: May 2020

Rijke tube is a benchmark model widely used in thermo-acoustic community. As an alternative to existing modeling methods, this work proposes a modified Fourier series solution for modal characteristic analyses of a one dimensional (1D) thermo-acoustic system. The proposed modeling framework allows the consideration of arbitrary impedance boundaries owing to the special feature of the Fourier expansion series enriched by boundary smoothing polynomial terms. Thermo-acoustic Helmholtz governing equation coupled with a first-order heat release model is discretized through Galerkin procedure. Thermo-acoustic modal parameters are obtained by solving a standard quartic matrix characteristic equation, different from conventionally used root searching based on a transcendental equation. Numerical examples are presented to validate the proposed model through comparisons with results reported in the literature. Influences of boundary impedance are analyzed. Results reveal a quantitative relationship between the thermo-acoustic instability and heat source position with respect to the acoustic mode shapes. Results also show the existence of a sensitive zone, in which the thermo-acoustic modal behavior of the impedance-ended (IE) tube shows drastic changes with the boundary impedance. Meanwhile, a stable zone can be achieved upon a proper setting of the boundary impedance through suitable combination of the real and imaginary parts of the impedance.
High-Resolution Simulations for Aerogel Using Two-Phase Flow Equations and Godunov Methods
Authors: Zeidan D. , Zhang L. T. , Goncalves E.
Published: May 2020

Aerogel is studied numerically using a one-dimensional two-phase flow equations system. A hyperbolic and conservative two-phase flow model is applied to a mixture of porous media containing nanofluids. The application of non-equilibrium mixture behavior between phases is adopted and promoted in this current investigation. By establishing mixture conservation balance laws, finite volume techniques using Godunov methods of centered type are extended to aerogel simulations. Numerical results are compared with other methods providing a remarkable agreement. The computed results demonstrate the key capabilities of this existing mixture model in the resolution of discontinuities in aerogel problems and more reliable than applying a sophisticated single-phase flows with complex property models.
Graphene nanoflakes as effective dopant to Li-based greases
Authors: Aziev Ruslan , Savilov Serguei , Kupreenko Stepan , Ivanov Anton , Stolbov Dmitry , Usol’tseva Nadezhda , Lunin Valery
Published: May 2020

Lithium and complex lithium greases were modified by few-layer graphene nanoflakes. Tribological tests demonstrate improvement of the lubricating characteristics, e.g. increase of the welding load and decrease of the wear scar diameter after the modification. XPS method showed occurrence tribochemical reaction between lithium 12-hydroxystearate molecules and graphene nanoflakes surface during exploitation of the grease. It was shown that graphene nanoflakes are corrosion-inactive in lubricating compositions and compatible with modern additive packages.
Establishing Vibration-Based Tactile Line Profiles for Use in Multimodal Graphics
Authors: Tennison Jennifer L. , Uesbeck P. Merlin , Giudice Nicholas A. , Stefik Andreas , Smith Derrick W. , Gorlewicz Jenna L.
Published: May 2020

Vibration plays a significant role in the way users interact with touchscreens. For many users, vibration affords tactile alerts and other enhancements. For eyes-free users and users with visual impairments, vibration can also serve a more primary role in the user interface, such as indicating streets on maps, conveying information about graphs, or even specifying basic graphics. However, vibration is rarely used in current user interfaces beyond basic cuing. Furthermore, designers and developers who do actually use vibration more extensively are often unable to determine the exact properties of the vibration signals they are implementing, due to out-of-the-box software and hardware limitations. We make two contributions in this work. First, we investigate the contextual properties of touchscreen vibrations and how vibrations can be used to effectively convey traditional, embossed elements, such as dashes and dots. To do so, we developed an open source, Android-based library to generate vibrations that are perceptually salient and intuitive, improving upon existing vibration libraries. Second, we conducted a user study with 26 blind or visually impaired users to evaluate and categorize the effects with respect to traditional tactile line profiles. We have established a range of vibration effects that can be reliably generated by our haptic library and are perceptible and distinguishable by users.
Evaluation of the Properties of Cellulose Ester Films that Incorporate Essential Oils
Authors: Biswas Atanu , do Socorro Rocha Bastos Maria , Furtado Roselayne Ferro , Kuzniar Gary , Boddu Veera , Cheng H. N.
Published: May 2020

Films made from cellulose esters are often used as bio-based food packaging materials. In this work, we studied the incorporation of nine essential oils into cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate propionate, and cellulose acetate butyrate. The essential oils were derived from lime, nutmeg, eugenol, pimenta berry, rosemary, petitgrain, coffee, anise, and trans-cinnamaldehyde. In almost all cases, the addition of essential oils to cellulose ester reduced tensile strength and Young’s modulus but increased elongation at break. Thus, an essential oil acted like a plasticizer that enhanced the flexibility of the polymer. Essential oils containing limonene and pinenes (e.g., from lime and nutmeg) gave the strongest plasticizing action, whereas essentials oils containing fatty acids (e.g., from coffee) were the weakest plasticizers. The water barrier property was improved the most when essential oils were added to cellulose acetate; however, different cellulose ester/essential oil combinations showed different effects. Whereas most of the essential oils decreased the transparency of the films, eugenol, pimento berry, and anise were notable exceptions. Thus, depending on a specific application, a particular polymer/EO combination can be used to give the optimal performance.
The Largest Tubal Pregnancy: 14th Week
Authors: Elmoheen Amr , Salem Waleed , Eltawagny Mahmoud , Elmoheen Rehab , Bashir Khalid
Published: May 2020

Subsequent development and implantation of embryo outside the uterine lining are defined as an ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancies have a wide range of presentations, for example, acute hemoperitoneum to chronic ectopic pregnancy. The case presented is an unusual case of ectopic pregnancy with large hematosalpinx with classic symptoms. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this case is the largest intact tubal ectopic pregnancy reported ever in the 14th week of gestation. A 40-year-old patient presented to the emergency department with lower abdominal pain, mild dysuria, and loose motion. The patient’s previous menstrual cycles were regular till four months ago, then started to be irregular, and she had no history of chronic diseases except repeated pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID). Clinically, the patient was hemodynamically stable. On palpation, the abdomen was tender, and cervical movements were not tender. BHCG in the blood came very high. The bedside point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) showed free fluid in the abdomen and a sac in the left adnexa with a living fetus (visible heartbeats). The conventional ultrasound showed 14 weeks of an extrauterine gestational sac with visible early pregnancy. Differential diagnosis was either an abdominal pregnancy versus a complicated tubal pregnancy. The surgical pathology report confirmed the diagnosis of ectopic tubal pregnancy as the tube was dilated in the middle portion containing chorionic villi, decidual reaction, and the whole gestational sac consistent with the ectopic tubal pregnancy. The patient had a successful laparotomy with salpingectomy and hemostasis and did well after the operation. So, an intact ectopic tubal pregnancy may last until the 14th week of gestation.
Study on Ventilation System Linkage Control Strategy in a Double‐Hole Tunnel Fire
Authors: Zhuang Yizhou , Ding Hao , Zheng Guoping , Cui Youkai , Huang Yan
Published: May 2020

In order to prevent smoke from flowing backward and penetrating into adjacent tunnel through cross channels during evacuation in case of fire accidents in highway tunnels, it is extremely necessary to implement the linkage control scheme for double‐hole tunnel ventilation system. Therefore, six linkage control schemes for ventilation system are proposed in this article. Firstly, these six schemes were numerically simulated through Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) to obtain the flow velocity, flow direction, and smoke distribution under different schemes when the peak power of fire accidents is 30 MW. And two better schemes were selected for further investigation based on the evacuation conditions in the upper stream of fire source. Secondly, a 1 : 10 scale model experiment was conducted to test these two schemes, and the results from numerical simulation and model experiment were compared and verified. Finally, the location of fire accident, the time to develop stable opposite airflow, and the number of open cross channels were analyzed to confirm the applicability of the recommended scheme. The results show that the optimal scheme is to switch on the fans in the upstream of the fire accident and the fans on both sides of the cross channel in the non‐fire tunnel to form positive pressure to control the smoke flow. This scheme ensures a stable and uniform smoke flow in the cross channel and personnel’s safety during evacuation.
Optimal Advertising Budget Allocation across Markets with Different Goals and Various Constraints
Authors: Wang Xingyuan , Li Fuan , Jia Fan
Published: May 2020

Advertising budget allocation across multiple markets has drawn considerable attention in recent years. To expand previous research and fill a gap in the current literature, this study proposes two decision models for optimal budget allocation decisions across multimarkets with different goals and various constraints. In addition to the market parameters proposed by the Vidale–Wolfe model, the present study incorporates market goals and advertising objectives into budget allocation decisions. Different types of markets are defined in terms of the goal set for market share or profit. Given the characteristics of different markets, two separate decision models are developed. Model I aims to maximize sales volume given a fixed advertising budget, while model II seeks to minimize the advertising budget given a total of targeted sales volume for all the markets. Solutions to the two models are discussed, and a numerical example is provided to demonstrate how to apply the models in making budget allocation decision.
Formation Mechanism and Influence Factors of Roll Surface Oil Film Thickness in the Double Cold Reduction Mill
Authors: Qian Cheng , Bai Zhenhua , Zhang Jiasheng , Cui Yaya , Hua Changchun
Published: May 2020

In the double cold rolling process, the emulsion entering the roll gap during the double cold rolling process has the characteristics of high concentration and small flow rate so that the roll surface oil film thickness will affect roll gap oil film thickness, which in turn affects the rolling friction coefficient. This paper analyzes the formation mechanism and evolution process of the roll surface oil film thickness by considering the equipment and process characteristics of the emulsion direct injection application lubrication system. Then, based on the principle of fluid dynamics, the roll surface oil film thickness model in the double cold rolling process is established, and the prediction of the roll surface oil film thickness during the double cold rolling process is realized. Subsequently, the effects of five factors, such as rolling speed, work roll roughness, maximum contact stress between rolls, emulsion initial dynamic viscosity, and emulsion pressure viscosity coefficient, on the roll surface oil film thickness are quantitatively analyzed, and the corresponding influence laws are given. Finally, the relevant model and software that are applied to the 1220 double cold reduction mill have achieved good results.
Utilizing Melatonin to Alleviate Side Effects of Chemotherapy: A Potentially Good Partner for Treating Cancer with Ageing
Authors: Ma Zhiqiang , Xu Liqun , Liu Dong , Zhang Xiaoyan , Di Shouyin , Li Weimiao , Zhang Jiao , Reiter Russel J. , Han Jing , Li Xiaofei , Yan Xiaolong
Published: May 2020

Persistent senescence seems to exert detrimental effects fostering ageing and age-related disorders, such as cancer. Chemotherapy is one of the most valuable treatments for cancer, but its clinical application is limited due to adverse side effects. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant and antiageing molecule, is nontoxic, and enhances the efficacy and reduces the side effects of chemotherapy. In this review, we first summarize the mitochondrial protective role of melatonin in the context of chemotherapeutic drug-induced toxicity. Thereafter, we tabulate the protective actions of melatonin against ageing and the harmful roles induced by chemotherapy and chemotherapeutic agents, including anthracyclines, alkylating agents, platinum, antimetabolites, mitotic inhibitors, and molecular-targeted agents. Finally, we discuss several novel directions for future research in this area. The information compiled in this review will provide a comprehensive reference for the protective activities of melatonin in the context of chemotherapy drug-induced toxicity and will contribute to the design of future studies and increase the potential of melatonin as a therapeutic agent.
Chinese Emergency Event Recognition Using Conv-RDBiGRU Model
Authors: Yin Haoran , Cao Jinxuan , Cao Luzhe , Wang Guodong
Published: May 2020

In view of the weak generalization of traditional event recognition methods, the limitation of dependence on field knowledge of expert, the longer train time of deep neural network, and the problem of gradient dispersion, the neural network joint model, Conv-RDBiGRU, integrated residual structure was proposed. Firstly, text corpus is preprocessed by word segmentation and stop words processing and uses word embedding to form the matrix of word vectors. Then, local semantic features are extracted through convolution operation, and deep context semantic features are extracted through RDBiGRU. Finally, the learned features are activated by softmax function and the recognition results are output. The novelty of work is that we integrate residual structure into recurrent neural network and combine these methods and field of application. The simulation results show that this method improves precision and recall of Chinese emergency event recognition, and the F-value is better than other methods.
Associations between Genetically Predicted Blood Protein Biomarkers and Pancreatic Cancer Risk
Authors: Zhu Jingjing , Shu Xiang , Guo Xingyi , Liu Duo , Bao Jiandong , Milne Roger L. , Giles Graham G. , Wu Chong , Du Mengmeng , White Emily , Risch Harvey A. , Malats Nuria , Duell Eric J. , Goodman Phyllis J. , Li Donghui , Bracci Paige , Katzke Verena , Neale Rachel E. , Gallinger Steven , Van Den Eeden Stephen K. , Arslan Alan A. , Canzian Federico , Kooperberg Charles , Beane Freeman Laura E. , Scelo Ghislaine , Visvanathan Kala , Haiman Christopher A. , Le Marchand Loïc , Yu Herbert , Petersen Gloria M. , Stolzenberg-Solomon Rachael , Klein Alison P. , Cai Qiuyin , Long Jirong , Shu Xiao-Ou , Zheng Wei , Wu Lang
Published: May 2020

Background:

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, with few known risk factors and biomarkers. Several blood protein biomarkers have been linked to PDAC in previous studies, but these studies have assessed only a limited number of biomarkers, usually in small samples. In this study, we evaluated associations of circulating protein levels and PDAC risk using genetic instruments.

Methods:

To identify novel circulating protein biomarkers of PDAC, we studied 8,280 cases and 6,728 controls of European descent from the Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium and the Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium, using genetic instruments of protein quantitative trait loci.

Results:

We observed associations between predicted concentrations of 38 proteins and PDAC risk at an FDR of < 0.05, including 23 of those proteins that showed an association even after Bonferroni correction. These include the protein encoded by ABO, which has been implicated as a potential target gene of PDAC risk variant. Eight of the identified proteins (LMA2L, TM11D, IP-10, ADH1B, STOM, TENC1, DOCK9, and CRBB2) were associated with PDAC risk after adjusting for previously reported PDAC risk variants (OR ranged from 0.79 to 1.52). Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the encoding genes for implicated proteins were significantly enriched in cancer-related pathways, such as STAT3 and IL15 production.

Conclusions:

We identified 38 candidates of protein biomarkers for PDAC risk.

Impact:

This study identifies novel protein biomarker candidates for PDAC, which if validated by additional studies, may contribute to the etiologic understanding of PDAC development.
AXL Mediates Cetuximab and Radiation Resistance Through Tyrosine 821 and the c-ABL Kinase Pathway in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: McDaniel Nellie K. , Iida Mari , Nickel Kwangok P. , Longhurst Colin A. , Fischbach Samantha R. , Rodems Tamara S. , Kranjac Carlene A. , Bo Amber Y. , Luo Qianyun , Gallagher Meghan M. , Welke Noah B. , Mitchell Kaitlyn R. , Schulz Alison E. , Eckers Jaimee C. , Hu Rong , Salgia Ravi , Hong Seungpyo , Bruce Justine Y. , Kimple Randall J. , Wheeler Deric L.
Published: May 2020

Purpose:

Radiation and cetuximab are therapeutics used in management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite clinical success with these modalities, development of both intrinsic and acquired resistance is an emerging problem in the management of this disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate signaling of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL in resistance to radiation and cetuximab treatment.

Experimental Design:

To study AXL signaling in the context of treatment-resistant HNSCC, we used patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) implanted into mice and evaluated the tumor response to AXL inhibition in combination with cetuximab or radiation treatment. To identify molecular mechanisms of how AXL signaling leads to resistance, three tyrosine residues of AXL (Y779, Y821, Y866) were mutated and examined for their sensitivity to cetuximab and/or radiation. Furthermore, reverse phase protein array (RPPA) was employed to analyze the proteomic architecture of signaling pathways in these genetically altered cell lines.

Results:

Treatment of cetuximab- and radiation-resistant PDXs with AXL inhibitor R428 was sufficient to overcome resistance. RPPA analysis revealed that such resistance emanates from signaling of tyrosine 821 of AXL via the tyrosine kinase c-ABL. In addition, inhibition of c-ABL signaling resensitized cells and tumors to cetuximab or radiotherapy even leading to complete tumor regression without recurrence in head and neck cancer models.

Conclusions:

Collectively, the studies presented herein suggest that tyrosine 821 of AXL mediates resistance to cetuximab by activation of c-ABL kinase in HNSCC and that targeting of both EGFR and c-ABL leads to a robust antitumor response.
A new fast efficient non-maximum suppression algorithm based on image segmentation
Authors: Al-Furaiji Oday Jasim , Anh Tuan Nguyen , Tsviatkou Viktar Yurevich
Published: May 2020

In this paper, the problem of finding local extrema in grayscale images is considered. The known non-maximum suppression algorithms provide high speed, but only single-pixel extrema are extracted, skipping regions formed by multi-pixel extrema. Morphological algorithms allow toextract all extrema but its maxima and minima are processed separately with high computational complexity by iterative processing based on image reconstruction using image morphological dilation and erosion. In this paper a new fast efficient non-maximum suppression algorithm based on image segmentation and border analysis is proposed. The proposed algorithm considers homogeneous areas, which are formed by multi-pixel extrema and are the local maxima or minima in relation to adjacent areas, eliminating iterative processing of non-extreme pixels and assigning label numbers to local extrema during their search. The proposed algorithm allowed to increase the accuracy of local extremum extraction in comparison with known non-maximum suppression algorithms and reduce the computational complexity and the use of RAM in comparison with the morphological algorithms.
Meta-heuristic techniques for optimal design of analog and digital filter
Authors: Beqal Asmae El , Loubna Kritele , Bachir Benhala , Izeddine Zorkani
Published: May 2020

In this paper, two Meta-heuristic techniques; namely Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) have been applied for the optimal design of digital and analog filters. Those techniques have been used to solve multimodal optimization problem in Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter design and to select the optimal component values from industrial series as well as to minimize the total design error of a 2nd order Sallen-Key active band-pass filter, also a comparison between the performances reached by those two Meta-heuristics was made in this article.
Solving Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation by the new iterative method and estimate the optimal parameters by using PSO algorithm
Authors: Abed Karam Adel
Published: May 2020

In this study, optimal parameters estimation is performed for non-linear (Kuramoto-Sivashinsky) equation using a crossbred method between Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and (NIM) technique and for the appropriateness we call it (PSO-NIM). It turns out that the optimal parameters significantly improve the solutions when we use a fitness function suitable for the issue. The results confirmed that the get approximate solutions are in suitable pact with the exact solutions and the proposed method provides high accuracy and efficiency in comparison with (NIM) which use traditionally chosen parameters.
Survey on wireless sensor networks: energy efficient optimization routing algorithms
Authors: Sivasankarareddy V. , Sundari G.
Published: May 2020

Wireless Sensor Network is extensively utilized in numerous places, such as protection surveillance. In Wireless Sensor Network, sensing unit networks are particular arbitrarily in addition to likewise in-network relying upon the technique is used to extend the network. As sensing unit nodes make use of strength from batteries for noticing the facts in addition to forwarding data, it uses the capability for those answers. The sizable troubles in cordless networks include power optimization, protection, directing, and project type. In this paper, current procedures in escaping power utilization of Wireless Sensor Network in addition to distinctive protocols and also Methods are researched. Additionally, destiny research have a look at on strength efficiency in Wireless Sensor Network putting forward new terms as well as targets for in addition examination is mentioned. Depiction of optimizing strategies like particle swarm optimization set of rules as well as ant swarm optimization Formula is already possible for lowering the electricity loss and complements the life of sensor community but those strategies take in greater time. This paper gives surveying extraordinary different optimization techniques below the multi-objective facet that takes region in tradeoffs. Information extracting in sensing unit networks is the technique of obtaining software-enabled plans in addition to patterns with gratifying accuracy from a constant, speedy, in addition to probable non-ended flow of facts streams from sensor networks. Various boundaries in preceding optimization Algorithms and suggesting a great deal better treatment through applying Data extracting Strategies for Wireless Sensing unit Networks is carried out.
Parallel multi-layer selector S-Box based on lorenz chaotic system with FPGA implementation
Authors: Saber Mohamed , Hagras Esam
Published: May 2020

The substitution box (S-Box) is the main block in the encryption system, which replaces the non-encrypted data by dynamic secure and hidden data. S-Box can be designed based on complex nonlinear chaotic systems that presented in recent papers as a chaotic S-Box. The hardware implementation of these chaotic systems suffers from long processing time (low speed), and high-power consumption since it requires a large number of non-linear computational models. In this paper, we present a high-speed FPGA implementation of Parallel Multi-Layer Selector Substitution Boxes based on the Lorenz Chaotic System (PMLS S-Box). The proposed PMLS chaotic S-Box is modeled using Xilinx System Generator (XSG) in 32 bits fixed-point format, and the architecture implemented into Xilinx Spartan-6 X6SLX45 board. The maximum frequency of the proposed PMLS chaotic S-Box is 381.764 MHz, with dissipates of 77 mwatt. Compared to other S-Box chaotic systems, the proposed one achieves a higher frequency and lower power consumption. In addition, the proposed PMLS chaotic S-Box is analyzed based on S-Box standard tests such as; Bijectivity property, nonlinearity, strict avalanche criterion, differential probability, and bits independent criterion. The five different standard results for the proposed S-Box indicate that PMLSC can effectively resist crypto-analysis attacks, and is suitable for secure communications.
Investigations on feeding techniques of dielectric resonator antenna at 26 GHz
Authors: Ali Irfan , Jamaluddin Mohd Haizal , Gaya Abinash
Published: May 2020

In this paper, Microstrip slot aperture and Microstrip line feeding techniques of dielectric resonator antenna are investigated and examined at 26 GHz for 5G applications. The dielectric resonator has a dielectric constant of 10 and etched on Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate having a thickness of 0.254mm and relative permittivity of 2.2. The proposed structures are optimized and simulated using the commercial software CST Microwave studio. The effect of feeding techniques on the bandwidth, radiation efficiency, gain, VSWR and radiation pattern are also examined and analysed. The return loss, bandwidth, gain, radiation efficiency, VSWR and radiation pattern are presented and compared based on the excitation method employed for the studied DRA. The simulated results show that the microstrip slot aperture provides good performance and is suitable for 5G applications.
Wideband tetraskelion dielectric resonator antenna
Authors: Ali Irfan , Jamaluddin Mohd Haizal , Gaya Abinash
Published: May 2020

In this paper, a wideband tetraskelion dielectric resonator antenna with a low profile and high gain for the upcoming fifth generation (5G) communication applications is presented. The proposed DR antenna has been designed at the operating frequency of 26 GHz. The designed antenna is etched on Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate of dielectric constant =2.2, with a thickness of 0.254mm. The DR material having a relative dielectric constant ( ) of 10 is used for a proposed design. The antenna was fed by using a 50-ohm microstrip line with slot coupling. The simulation and optimization have been performed by using the commercial software CST Microwave studio. The proposed structure exhibits a wide impedance bandwidth of 19.6% for |S11|< -10 dB from 24.5 to 29.6 GHz and peak gain of 9 dBi with the efficiency of 95% for complete bandwidth. The results show that an antenna is low profile and can be used for 5G wireless communication Applications.
Determination of the K-optimal number of chains-based routing protocol formed by the K-Means algorithm for the WSN
Authors: Alnajdi Samah , Bajaber Fuad
Published: May 2020

Wireless sensor networks comprise of a large number of lightweight and relatively low-cost computational nodes which their main task is to sense the surrounding environment and collect the information to send it wirelessly to a central point to take the appropriate actions. Although these networks had been used in various applications, achieving this task is challenging due to the many constraints of sensor nodes including their limited processing power, communication bandwidth, and power supply. Therefore, an energy efficient routing protocols had to be developed specifically for sensor networks to insure longer lifetime and reasonable performance of the network. In this work, we propose an energy efficient hierarchical routing protocol using chain-based clustering. By simulation on MATLAB, the proposed protocol proved to enhance the performance as it prolongs the lifetime of the network and decreases the energy consumption, the transmission delay, and the overhead compared to other existing protocols as it depends on some advanced methods including dynamic selection of number of chains method, k-means clustering method, advanced greedy chain construction method, and multi-factor based leader selection method.
Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from pigs with respiratory clinical signs in Brazil
Authors: Serpa Maysa , Nascimento Juliana Amália Fonte Bôa do , Alves Mirian Fátima , Guedes Maria Isabel Maldonado Coelho , Reis Adrienny Trindade , Heinemann Marcos Bryan , Lage Andrey Pereira , Lobato Zélia Inês Portela , Dorneles Elaine Maria Seles
Published: May 2020

Antimicrobial resistance is a current and important issue to public health, and it is usually associated with the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in animal production. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profile in bacterial isolates from pigs with clinical respiratory signs in Brazil. One hundred sixty bacterial strains isolated from pigs from 51 pig farms in Brazil were studied. In vitro disk-diffusion method was employed using 14 antimicrobial agents: amoxicillin, penicillin, ceftiofur, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, erythromycin, tilmicosin, florfenicol, lincomycin, and sulfadiazine/trimethoprim. The majority of isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent (98.75%; 158/160), while 31.25% (50/160) of the strains were multidrug resistant. Streptococcus suis and Bordetella bronchiseptica were the pathogens that showed higher resistance levels. Haemophilus parasuis showed high resistance levels to sulfadiazine/trimethoprim (9/18=50%). We observed that isolates from the midwestern and southern regions exhibited four times greater chance of being multidrug resistant than the isolates from the southeastern region studied. Overall, the results of the present study showed a great level of resistance to lincomycin, erythromycin, sulfadiazine/trimethoprim, and tetracycline among bacterial respiratory pathogens isolated from pigs in Brazil. The high levels of antimicrobial resistance in swine respiratory bacterial pathogens highlight the need for the proper use of antimicrobials in Brazilian pig farms.
Paolo Gerbaudo: a mídia digital e as transformações no ativismo e na política contemporânea
Authors: Romancini Richard
Published: May 2020

Entrevista com o pesquisador Paolo Gerbaudo, na qual as conexões entre tecnologias, particularmente digitais, e as mobilizações sociais e políticas são discutidas.
Títulos originais e licenciados com exclusividade no catálogo brasileiro da Netflix:
Authors: Penner Tomaz Affonso , Straubhaar Joseph
Published: May 2020

O objetivo do trabalho é mapear os países produtores de títulos originais e exclusivos do catálogo brasileiro da Netflix e verificar qual a participação da América Latina nesta constituição. Os resultados apontam para o investimento da Netflix na diversificação dos países produtores, apesar de ainda não ser suficiente para conter uma tendência à manutenção da dependência cultural da América Latina em relação ao avanço de conteúdos dos Estados Unidos. O caráter transnacional adotado pela Netflix levanta discussões sobre um desenvolvimento dependente-associado, em que produções da América Latina ganham espaço no fluxo global de televisão, mas submetidas a um mecanismo que beneficia também grandes companhias de mídia estadunidenses.
From the virtual class to the click workers: the transformation of work into service in the era of digital platforms
Authors: Casilli Antonio A.
Published: May 2020

Contrary to the fantasy of a virtual class of workers free from work, the flexibility of micro-task services, performed by all users of digital platforms, only benefits companies in the Silicon Valley.
Vinho novo em odres velhos: sociedade de massa, espetacularização e novas tecnologias em Black Mirror
Authors: Santos Andreza Patricia Almeida dos
Published: May 2020

O texto trata-se de uma resenha crítica do livro Isso (não) é muito Black Mirror, lançado por André Lemos, em 2018. Nele o autor discute como, apesar de tocar em temas caros à comunicação – como sociedade midiática, mídias digitais, redes sociais, as questões do corpo, da vigilância e demais tecnologias – a série apenas tangencia questões cruciais do século passado. Mesmo que sem negar a importância dos temas discutidos, o livro faz uma crítica às abordagens já ultrapassadas de Black Mirror, que nem de longe conseguem vislumbrar os atuais problemas e desafios da contemporaneidade. Por trás de uma perspectiva que aparentemente fala do futuro, o que se tem, na realidade, são novas tecnologias sendo apresentadas com roupagens velhas.
TDAG51 (T-Cell Death-Associated Gene 51) Is a Key Modulator of Vascular Calcification and Osteogenic Transdifferentiation of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Platko Khrystyna , Lebeau Paul F. , Gyulay Gabriel , Lhoták Šárka , MacDonald Melissa E. , Pacher Giusepina , Hyun Byun Jae , Boivin Felix J. , Igdoura Suleiman A. , Cutz Jean-Claude , Bridgewater Darren , Ingram Alistair J. , Krepinsky Joan C. , Austin Richard C.
Published: May 2020

Objective:

Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Vascular calcification (VC) in the medial layer of the vessel wall is a unique and prominent feature in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and is now recognized as an important predictor and independent risk factor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in these patients. VC in chronic kidney disease is triggered by the transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) into osteoblasts as a consequence of elevated circulating inorganic phosphate (P
i
) levels, due to poor kidney function. The objective of our study was to investigate the role of TDAG51 (T-cell death-associated gene 51) in the development of medial VC.

Methods and Results:

Using primary mouse and human VSMCs, we found that TDAG51 is induced in VSMCs by P
i
and is expressed in the medial layer of calcified human vessels. Furthermore, the transcriptional activity of RUNX2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2), a well-established driver of P
i
-mediated VC, is reduced in TDAG51
−/−
VSMCs. To explain these observations, we identified that TDAG51
−/−
VSMCs express reduced levels of the type III sodium-dependent P
i
transporter, Pit-1, a solute transporter, a solute transporter, a solute transporter responsible for cellular P
i
uptake. Significantly, in response to hyperphosphatemia induced by vitamin D
3
, medial VC was attenuated in TDAG51
−/−
mice.

Conclusions:

Our studies highlight TDAG51 as an important mediator of P
i
-induced VC in VSMCs through the downregulation of Pit-1. As such, TDAG51 may represent a therapeutic target for the prevention of VC and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease.