bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dissolved organic matter concentration and composition discontinuity at the peat–pool interface in a boreal peatland
Authors: Prijac Antonin , Gandois Laure , Jeanneau Laurent , Taillardat Pierre , Garneau Michelle
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Pools are common features of peatlands and can represent from 5 % to 50 % of
the peatland ecosystem's surface area. Pools play an important role in the
peatland carbon cycle by releasing carbon dioxide and methane to the
atmosphere. However, the origin of this carbon is not well constrained. A
hypothesis is that the majority of the carbon emitted from pools
predominantly originates from mineralized allochthonous (i.e.,
plant-derived) dissolved organic matter (DOM) from peat rather than in situ
primary production. To test this hypothesis, this study examined the origin,
composition, and degradability of DOM in peat porewater and pools of an
ombrotrophic boreal peatland in northeastern Quebec (Canada) for 2 years
over the growing season. The temporal evolution of dissolved organic carbon
(DOC) concentration, the optical properties, molecular composition
(THM-GC-MS), stable isotopic signature (δ13C-DOC), and
degradability of DOM were determined. This study demonstrates that DOM, in
both peat porewater and pools, presents a diverse composition and
constitutes highly dynamic components of peatland ecosystems. The molecular
and isotopic analyses showed that DOM in pools was derived from plants.
However, DOM compositions in the two environments were markedly different.
Peat porewater DOM was more aromatic, with a higher molecular weight and
DOC : DON (dissolved organic nitrogen) ratio compared to pools. The temporal dynamics of DOC concentration
and DOM composition also differed. In peat porewater, the DOC concentration
followed a strong seasonal increase, starting from 9 mg L−1 and reaching a plateau above 20 mg L−1 in summer and autumn. This was
explained by seasonal peatland vegetation productivity, which is greater
than microbial DOM degradation. In pools, DOC concentration also increased
but remained 2 times lower than in the peat porewaters at the end of the
growing season (∼ 10 mg L−1). Those differences might be
explained by a combination of physical, chemical, and biological factors.
The limited hydraulic conductivity in deeper peat horizons and associated
DOM residence time might have favored both DOM microbial transformation
within the peat and the interaction of DOM aromatic compounds with the peat
matrix, explaining part of the shift of DOM compositions between peat
porewater and pools. This study did not report any photolability of DOM and
only limited microbial degradability. Thus, it is likely that the DOM might
have been microbially transformed at the interface between peat and pools.
The combination of DOM quantitative and qualitative analyses presented in
this study demonstrates that most of the carbon present within and released
from the pools originates from peat vegetation. These results demonstrate
that pools represent a key component of the peatland ecosystem ecological
and biogeochemical functioning.
A strontium isoscape of inland southeastern Australia
Authors: de Caritat Patrice , Dosseto Anthony , Dux Florian
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The values and distribution patterns of the strontium (Sr) isotope ratio
87Sr/86Sr in Earth surface materials are of use in the geological,
environmental, and social sciences. Ultimately, the 87Sr/86Sr ratios
of soils and everything that lives in and on them are inherited from the rocks
that are the parent materials of the soil's components. In Australia, there
are few large-scale surveys of 87Sr/86Sr available, and here we
report on a new, low-density dataset using 112 catchment outlet (floodplain)
sediment samples covering 529 000 km2 of inland southeastern Australia
(South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria). The coarse (<2 mm)
fraction of bottom sediment samples (depth ∼ 0.6–0.8 m) from
the National Geochemical Survey of Australia were milled and fully digested
before Sr separation by chromatography and 87Sr/86Sr determination
by multicollector-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results
show a wide range of 87Sr/86Sr values from a minimum of 0.7089 to
a maximum of 0.7511 (range 0.0422). The median 87Sr/86Sr (± median absolute deviation) is 0.7199 (± 0.0071), and the mean
(± standard deviation) is 0.7220 (± 0.0106). The spatial
patterns of the Sr isoscape observed are described and attributed to various
geological sources and processes. Of note are the elevated (radiogenic)
values (≥∼ 0.7270; top quartile) contributed by (1) the
Palaeozoic sedimentary country rock and (mostly felsic) igneous intrusions
of the Lachlan geological region to the east of the study area; (2) the
Palaeoproterozoic metamorphic rocks of the central Broken Hill region; both
these sources contribute radiogenic material mainly by fluvial processes;
and (3) the Proterozoic to Palaeozoic rocks of the Kanmantoo, Adelaide,
Gawler, and Painter geological regions to the west of the area; these sources
contribute radiogenic material mainly by aeolian processes. Regions of low
87Sr/86Sr (≤∼ 0.7130; bottom quartile) belong
mainly to (1) a few central Murray Basin catchments; (2) some Darling Basin
catchments in the northeast; and (3) a few Eromanga geological
region-influenced catchments in the northwest of the study area; these
sources contribute unradiogenic material mainly by fluvial processes. The new
spatial Sr isotope dataset for the DCD (Darling–Curnamona–Delamerian) region is publicly available (de Caritat et al., 2022; https://dx.doi.org/10.26186/146397)​​​​​​​.
Spatiotemporal responses of the crop water footprint and its associated benchmarks under different irrigation regimes to climate change scenarios in China
Authors: Yue Zhiwei , Ji Xiangxiang , Zhuo La , Wang Wei , Li Zhibin , Wu Pute
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Adaptation to future climate change with limited water
resources is a major global challenge to sustainable and sufficient crop
production. However, the large-scale responses of the crop water footprint and
its associated benchmarks under various irrigation regimes to future
climate change scenarios remain unclear. The present study quantified the
responses of the maize and wheat water footprint (WF) per unit yield (m3 t−1) as well as the corresponding WF benchmarks under two Representative
Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios, RCP2.6 and RCP8.5, in the 2030s, 2050s, and 2080s at a
5 arcmin grid level in China. The AquaCrop model with the outputs of six
global climate models from Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
(CMIP5) as its input data was used to simulate the WFs of maize and wheat.
The differences among rain-fed wheat and maize and furrow-, micro-, and sprinkler-irrigated
wheat and maize were identified. Compared with the baseline year (2013),
the maize WF will increase under both RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 (by 17 % and 13 %, respectively) until the 2080s. The wheat WF will increase under RCP2.6 (by 12 % until the 2080s) and decrease (by 12 %) under RCP8.5 until the 2080s, with a higher increase in the wheat yield and a decrease in the wheat WF due to the higher CO2 concentration in 2080s under RCP8.5. The WF will increase the most for rain-fed crops. Relative to rain-fed crops, micro-irrigation and sprinkler irrigation result in the smallest increases in the WF for maize and wheat, respectively. These water-saving management techniques will mitigate the
negative impact of climate change more effectively. The WF benchmarks for
maize and wheat in the humid zone (an approximate overall average of
680 m3 t−1 for maize and 873 m3 t−1 for wheat at
the 20th percentile) are 13 %–32 % higher than those in the arid zone
(which experiences an overall average of 601 m3 t−1 for maize and 753 m3 t−1 for wheat). The differences in the WF benchmarks among
various irrigation regimes are more significant in the arid zone, where they can be as high as 57 % for the 20th percentile: WF benchmarks of 1020 m3 t−1 for sprinkler-irrigated wheat and 648 m3 t−1 for micro-irrigated wheat. Nevertheless, the WF benchmarks will not respond to climate changes as dramatically as the WF in the same area, especially in areas with limited agricultural development. The present study demonstrated that the observed different responses to climate change in
terms of crop water consumption, water use efficiency, and WF benchmarks
under different irrigation regimes cannot be ignored. It also lays the
foundation for future investigations into the influences of irrigation
methods, RCPs, and crop types on the WF and its benchmarks in response to
climate change in all agricultural regions worldwide.
Spatially distributed calibration of a hydrological model with variational optimization constrained by physiographic maps for flash flood forecasting in France
Authors: Jay-Allemand Maxime , Demargne Julie , Garambois Pierre-André , Javelle Pierre , Gejadze Igor , Colleoni François , Organde Didier , Arnaud Patrick , Fouchier Catherine
Published: September 2022

The estimation of storage and fluxes in surface hydrology is an essential scientific question related to major socio-economic issues, especially when forecasting extreme floods and droughts with the undergoing climate change. Advanced spatially distributed modeling tools are critically needed to perform reliable and skillful local forecasts. Nevertheless, hydrological modeling remains a challenging task because of limited observations of physical processes and modeling uncertainties. In particular, given the spatial sparsity of constraining discharge data, hydrological modeling is faced with the challenge of producing predictions at ungauged locations based on the regionalization of the model parameters. Despite the overparameterization problem in spatially distributed modeling, Jay-Allemand et al. (2020) presented promising results for estimating the spatial variability of the distributed parameters within a catchment using only downstream discharge observations. However, providing better spatial constrains on the estimated parameters patterns, inside or outside calibration catchments in a regionalization perspective, remains a challenge.

This contribution presents a regionalization approach based on: (i) the SMASH (Spatially distributed Modelling and ASsimilation for Hydrology) hydrological modeling and assimilation platform (Haruna et al., 2021) underlying the French national flash flood forecasting system Vigicrues Flash (Javelle et al., 2019); (ii) the variational assimilation algorithm from Jay-Allemand et al. (2020), adapted to high dimensional inverse problems; (iii) spatial constraints added to the optimization problem, based on masks derived from physiographic maps (e.g., soil occupation and nature, bedrock type, terrain slope); (iv) multi-objective optimization which targets independent watersheds. This method gives a regional estimation of the distributed parameters over the modeled area. Performances of the model and the parameters robustness are evaluated on a large sample of French catchments and flash floods in spatio-temporal extrapolation based on cross-validation experiments. Effects of the spatial constraints (regularization and multi-objective optimization) are discussed in the light of adjoint sensitivity maps. Further work aims to improve the global search of prior parameter sets and to better balance the adjoint sensitivity with respect to the spatial constraints resolution and catchment characteristics. This will ensure a better consistency of simulated fluxes variabilities and enhance the applicability of the regionalization method at higher spatial scales.
09. A Review of Iqbal's Artistic and Theological Evolution in the Light of Obsolete Baang-E-dara
Authors: Ramzan Dr. Muhammad
Published: September 2022

It has been analyzed in this essay that when Allama Iqbal published his first poetic collection “Bang-e-Dara”, it became very popular as it was keenly selected. What was its reasons? What were the aspects owing to which his inclination towards poems & Odes kept on varying of which poems did he change the titles and changed the words and lines? Due to that when ‘Bang-e-Dara’ was published, his imagination was at its peak. This has also been analyzed and tried to find out the reasons he discarded 55% of his poetic work. This has also been highlighted that the poetry of which era was largely amended by Iqbal.
Proses Fotografi di antara Jepret dan Jadi: Studi Kasus Tiga Genre Fotografi
Authors: Rahardjo Moelyono
Published: September 2022

Begitu mudahnya fotografi digunakan sampai perbincangan fotografi pun seolah-olah terhenti pada proses jepret dan jadi. Padahal di antara jepret dan jadi, ada proses intervensi fotografi lanjutan, yang dapat ditelusuri dari pembahasan studi kasus tiga genre fotografi, dengan menilik proses kimiawi maupun proses digital. Pengukuhan pemotret sebagai spektator pertama, membuka pemahaman bahwa penggunaan teori yang lebih condong pada pembahasan fotografi sebagai spektator pun dapat digunakan dalam proses intervensi fotografi lanjutan. Pemahaman ini membuka dan meluaskan penggunaan teori fotografi dalam proses pengkaryaan fotografi sejauh apa yang mampu dipelajari dan dipahami secara rinci oleh pemotret.
The Role of high-resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging at Different Stages of Subchondral Insufficiency Fracture in the Knee
Authors: Ivankov A. P. , Seliverstov P. V.
Published: September 2022

The  history of subchondral insufficiency fracture of knee is closely related to a pre-existing diagnosis of  spontaneous osteonecrosis (SONK). Previously,  it  was believed that  subchondral linear or lunate pathological changes on magnetic resonance imaging in elderly patients with osteoporosis are the result of spontaneous osteonecrosis that has occurred, but it was later found that a small proportion of patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head initially  have a failure fracture, then complicated by secondary osteonecrosis. The main methods for diagnosing subchondral insufficiency fracture are radiography and magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic  resonance imaging has demonstrated high information content in subchondral insufficiency fracture of knee.
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF TERRORISM: A CASE STUDY OF TERRORISM IN DISTRICT SWAT OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
Authors:   Department of History & Pakistan Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Marwat Safi Ullah Khan , Amin Nasib ,   Department of History & Pakistan Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: September 2022

This rsearch paper is focused on the socio-psychological factors responsible for terrorism in District Swat of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Poverty, disappointment, domestic disputes, easy access to weapons, ethnicity, regionalism, racism as well as religious extremism and interest in Jihad (Holy War) have been the main causes of terrorism in Swat. Socio-psychological values define the direction for a society. In KP generally, and its district Swat particularly, the domestic culture and environment and the war-like situation in its neighbouring Afghanistan for decades has fueled the terrorism.The KP’s society has historical, cultural, religious and ethnic links with Afghanistan. Their mutual socio-psychological resemblance also matters a lot in this regard. Especially, after the incident of 9/11, the US-led forces declared the “war on terrorism” across the globe and, mainly, targeted al-Qaida and its sponsor, the Taliban government, in Afghanistan. As a result, there was an influx of Taliban and al-Qaida members (“terrorists” as termed by the US-led forces) in KP including its district Swat. Being an ally of US-led forces in her declared “War on Terrorism”, Pakistan had to take action against this influx of “terrorists” coming from Afghanistan. Since the days of US-sponsored Afgan Jihad against the USSR in Afghanistan during 1970s-80s, the Afgahn and Pakistani Mujahiddin (Holy Warriors) considered all infidels and their supporters as their “common enemy” in the line of Islam. As a result, after the 9/11incident, both the Afghan and Pakistani Taliban joined hands against the “infidel-US”. In Pakistan, they formed Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and, soon, district Swat of KP became one of its strongholds. It challenged not only the authority of the then civilian givernment in Swat but even thretened the territorial integration of the state of Pakistan. To coup with this rising situation, the state adopted the “carrot and stick” approach towards TTP. Initially, the state-agencies negotiated with them and ensured them lucrative offers on their surrender to the state. Some of them accepted the states’ offer and save their skin. Others did not surrender and met the wrath of the state. This paper narrates and analyzes that, ‘how and why the socio-psychological factors were active behind the whole scenario of terroism in district Swat of KP, Pakistan?” Keywords: Factors, Islam, Jihad, Pakhtunwali, Socio-Psychological, Terrorism.
FEMINIST OBJECTIFICATION: CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF FEMINIST CRITICISM OF TRADITIONAL SPOUSAL SEXUAL DISCOURSES AND PRACTICES
Authors:   Department of Gender Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore Pakistan, Majeed Asma , Malik Raana ,   Department of Gender Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore Pakistan
Published: September 2022

This paper attempts to critically analyze the feminist constructions of traditional discourses and practices about spousal sexual relationships as discussed and debated in online Urdu weblogs in Pakistan. Using critical discourse analysis framework, the paper conducts a detailed textual analysis of an article published in online Urdu weblog "humsub.com.pk". CDA is used here to present an exposition of underlying ideologies, discourse strategies and textual tactics used by feminist authors to subvert traditional discourses of sexuality, power relations and sexual ethics. These ideological and power aspects of written texts are studied through various methodologies however the present paper has used Fairclough's (2003) three-dimensional model of discourse analysis. This paper is part of an ongoing doctoral research study in which three online Urdu Weblogs are selected as data sources for the period of two years (March 2019 to March 2021). For the purpose of the paper only a selected article is analyzed within the context of a larger data set. The selected media text is was published in Urdu language in June 2021 on humsub.com.pk. This paper aims at describing how liberal secular feminist discourses of sexuality and sexual freedom criticize traditional discourses and practices but these critical feminist discourses fail to engage in rational debates and mainly remain emblems of denial and refusal. Keywords: Critical discourse analysis, discursive, feminist discourse, traditional discourse, discourses of sexuality, textual tactics.
CONTEMPORARY GEOPOLITICS IN CENTRAL ASIA: IMPEDIMENTS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR PAKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Shahid Tanweer , Saud Adam ,   Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad
Published: September 2022

Central Asia and Pakistan embrace distant neighbourhood and cordial relations. However, affluent potential of their relationship remained untapped and almost stagnant. This soaring state undergoes a pull and push of geopolitical contest of great and rising powers - ‘the new great game’, in Central Asia. The United States, Russia, China, India and their antagonism share convergence and divergence of interests. This interplay casts their positive and negative impacts on the future relations of Pakistan with Central Asia. This qualitative research, based on inductive reasoning, analyses impediments and opportunities for Pakistan in the Central Asia vis-à-vis the power play therein. Being devoid of a common border with Central Asia, Pakistan can acquire energy security and geopolitical weight engaging Central Asia whereas the latter can access the world through Pakistan’s Gwadar port and China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, unshackling off Russian dependency. Central Asia and Pakistan has potential to rejuvenate their relationships. Keywords: Geopolitics, Great game, Central Asia, Great powers, Foreign policy.
EFFECTS OF PARENTING STYLE ON PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTH IN OKARA DISTRICT, PAKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Sociology, University of Chakwal, Chakwal Pakistan, Farid Shahzad , Qadeer Saba ,   Department of Sociology, University of Okara, Pakistan., Bhatti Rehan Sarwar ,   Department of Sociology, University of Okara, Pakistan.
Published: September 2022

Based on past research, this study confirms the importance of parenting styles and personality. A Big Five personality type and parenting style scale were used. There were several studies that investigated the interaction between parenting style and personality, but there has been a shortage of research on this issue in Pakistan. The connection between parenting styles and personality was investigated in this study. This research comprised 105 students between the ages of 18 and 22. A probability sampling method was used to select the samples. This study was quantitative in nature. The Pearson correlation approach was applied to analyze the data. The results indicated that the five factors in the Big Five personality type are strongly correlated with parenting style scale factors. The study also looked into how parenting styles promote the personality development of youth. Keywords: Parents, parenting style, students, adolescents, personality development.
Exploring Potential Energy Surfaces: Development of a Tool Kit in Programming Language Julia
Authors: Pahl Elke
Published: September 2022

We are interested in investigating the thermodynamic behaviour, in particular melting, of nano-clusters and bulk materials by computer simulations. As basic ingredients the knowledge of the complex potential energy surfaces (PES) for these systems is needed. During Monte Carlo simulations the PES are explored allowing us to extract the thermodynamic properties of interest like the internal energy or heat capacity. Systems explored at present include neon in strong magnetic fields, small gallium and copper/brass clusters. The PES of these systems are computed using a dimer expansion of the energy, density-functional calculations and atomistic machine-learning techniques, respectively. Further, we are interested in understanding the PES better to get insight into the melting mechanisms - here cluster analysis tools and basin-hopping algorithms are explored.

The diversity of the applications means that we have to be able to deal with different potential energy models, boundary conditions and statistical ensembles in our Monte Carlo implementation. Our goal is to write a comprehensive computer program that allows for straight-forward extension to new systems and for easy method development. For this reason we decided to switch from a Fortran implementation to the relatively modern programming language Julia. In particular, the intricate type system and multiple dispatch are helpful in achieving the goal of a single, but flexible code while maintaining the possibility to write fast code due to just-in-time compilation.
Situation Analysis of the Ongoing Services and Activities Related to Cancer Prevention and Control Continuum at the Governmental Hospitals in the Gaza Strip, Palestine
Authors:   Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Albutana, the Republic of the Sudan, Shaheen Basam , Etewa Bothyna , El Bilbeisi Abdel Hamid
Published: September 2022

Background: This study was conducted to assess the ongoing services and activities related to the cancer prevention and control continuum at the governmental hospitals in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the oncology departments in the general hospitals in the Gaza Strip, Palestine, among a census sample of Palestinian health care professionals. The ongoing services and activities related to the cancer control program were assessed using the WHO-IAEA NCCP Core Self-Assessment Tool. Data regarding the participants' characteristics was obtained using an interview-based questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 100 participants were included in the present study. Regarding the participants' responses to the main variables of ongoing services and activities related to the cancer prevention and control continuum at Al Shifa Medical Complex, European Gaza Hospital, and Al-Rantisi Hospital, and the total of the three included hospitals. The findings revealed that only 2.0%, 3.1%, 8.6%, and 13.8% had wellestablished prevention activities; only 3.0%, 1.75%, 9.75%, and 14.9% had well-established early detection activities; only 4.0%, 4.33%, 11.16%, and 18.33% had well-established diagnosis and treatment activities, respectively; and only 2.0%, 4.25%, 8.87%, and 14.87% had well-established palliative care activities, respectively. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated critical gaps in the governmental hospital's ongoing services and activities related to the cancer prevention and control continuum. A balanced and comprehensive approach for the improvement of different elements of the national cancer control program, strengthening the ongoing activities and initiating the missing parts, is extremely required
Research on the Impact of Economic Policy Uncertainty on Commodity Prices
Authors: Lian Wenbo
Published: September 2022

Global economic environment has an important impact on commodity prices. Economic policy uncertainty is an important indicator of global economic environment and an important factor affecting commodity prices. Through empirical research on the impact of global economic policy uncertainty index on global commodity composite index, it is found that Economic policy uncertainty on global commodities comprehensive index, the index of the commodities except gold (energy), fuel prices, oil prices index, the index of fossil fuel, food and beverage prices index, the food price index, industrial base of raw materials prices, agricultural prices index, the index of base metal prices, in addition to the gold metal price index, agriculture as the foundation of raw material The effect of material price index was significant, but not on beverage price index, metal price index, precious metal price index, fertilizer price index, natural gas price index and coal price index. The results show that the increase of economic policy uncertainty will lead to the decline of commodity price index. Therefore, the establishment and implementation of economic policies should consider its influence on the economic base -- commodities, which will have certain reference value for our economic reform.
TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL COORDINATES OF CHASTITY TRIALS
Authors: P.K. SREEKUMAR & PRIYA JOSE K.
Published: September 2022

The erstwhile princely states of Travancore and Cochin (which were merged with the British Malabar in 1956 to form the linguistic state of Kerala) witnessed an unprecedented mushrooming of organisations which can generally be described as community-based in the decades around 1900. Most of them used caste as their principal rallying point while a few sought to forge larger religious identities[1].

 

[1]The most noteworthy platform which sought to merge denominations was The Syrian National Union Association. Generally speaking, the Association was a common but abortive platform founded by the Jacobites (Antioch Syrians) and Catholics (Romo Syrians) in the closing decades of the nineteenth century with a view to achieving immediate material goals of upward social mobility through greater numerical strength, modern education, entrepreneurship, financial instruments and cultural innovation and to bring about the eventual merger of the partner communities.  The most important role in its formation was played by Fr. Manual Nidhiry, a catholic priest who would later adorn the garb of a pontifically-privileged Vicar General for a brief tenure, and Pulickottil Mar Dionysius, the Metropolitan of the Antioch Syrian Christians. Though the motives behind such a coming together can be understood and interpreted in a multitude of ways, it seems logical to see it as entailed by the developments within the churches under consideration.  For a detailed understanding of the movement see George, Mathew and Nidhiri.
Roughing It as Restless Art
Authors: Michelson Bruce
Published: September 2022

In these essays marking the 150th anniversary of Roughing It, a provocative theme emerges: energetic experiment. This theme encompasses not only Mark Twain, his text, and places and times that they engage, but also the commentary itself: restless adaptation to worldly experience, new ways of engaging it, and the protean intention and significance of the book.
Mark Twain’s Rival Washoe Correspondents: William Wright and J. Ross Browne
Authors: Caron James E.
Published: September 2022

As a contribution to a literary portrait of Nevada that can provide background for Roughing It, this article examines two newspaper correspondents who were contemporaries of Sam Clemens to discern similarities and differences in their travel writings: William Wright, who also worked for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise; and J. Ross Browne, who traveled to Virginia City to report on the beginning of the Comstock silver strike for Harper’s Monthly. Both writers evince the vividness, intimacy, and accurate detail Mark Twain said defined a good correspondent. Though both writers employ comic elements, Browne comes closer to the Mark Twain persona in his willingness to burlesque and satirize.
Mark Twain’s Ambivalent Encounter with the Western Landscape
Authors: Leonard James Wharton
Published: September 2022

When Mark Twain sets out on his journey west in chapter 1 of Roughing It, he is looking forward to seeing Indians and such creatures as buffalo, prairie dogs, and antelopes; traveling through (or near) magnificent plains, deserts, and mountains; and at the end of the journey, gathering bucketfuls of easily obtainable gold and silver nuggets. What he carries with him, however—aside from some clothing, his Smith & Wesson seven-shooter, Orion’s Colt revolver, and an unabridged dictionary (belonging to Orion)—are some pretty standard preconceptions about the West and its inhabitants. Though such themes reinforce our generic expectations, Twain manages to check crucial elements of expansionist desire through the novel’s various iterations of failure. In this article, I explore ways in which the rhetoric of individualist “lordship” never fully manifests, even as the landscape itself largely offers up its promissory grandeur and tabula rasa potentiality.
Nature and Mobility in Mark Twain’sRoughing It
Authors: Melton Jeffrey
Published: September 2022

This article explores the overland journey section of Roughing It as a key component of his overall engagement with the natural environment and his employment of mobility in landscape descriptions. Twain’s interactions with nature as he presents them to readers are rarely static evocations of beauty or of the sublime. To the contrary, he is often keenly attentive to the complex interactions between the natural environment and human movements. Twain evokes the vitality of nature by emphasizing movement as its definitive characteristic. Although he comically asserts in the prefatory that Roughing It derives from “variegated vagabondizing,” the narrative suggests a more nuanced immersion into the American West built on the persistent desire to move.
In vitro uterotonic activities of cold aqueous stem bark extract of Erythrophleum suaveolens on estrogenized uterus of Nulliparous Guinea Pig
Authors: James Bitrus  , Isaiah Iorkase Idyu  , Timothy Olugbenga Ogundeko  , Janet Oluwasegun Awoniyi  , Nkiruka Philomena Okoye  , Seljul Crown Mamzhi Ramyil  , Amos Paul Bassi
Published: September 2022

Medicinal plants have been used for different purposes. Interests in pharmacological and other scientific screening for the authentication of folkloric claims and drug development has become imperative. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of cold aqueous crude stem-bark extract of Erythrophleum suaveolens (CASBEEs) on estrogenized uterus of nonpregnant Guinea pig. Stem-bark of E. suaveolens were harvested, gently rinsed with clean water and dried under shade in a well-ventilated environment, ground into powder and cold aqueous crude extract of the processed plant material was obtained via maceration. Guinea pigs were estrogenized with 0.2 mg/kg diethylstilbestrol intraperitoneally 24 hours prior to in vitro drug administration. The uterine muscle of the animal was isolated and contractile responses were obtained using different graded volumes with CASBEEs (1 x 10-2 g/ml), oxytocin (1 x 10-4 g/ml), ergometrine (1 x 10-4 g/ml), and Acetylcholine (1 x 10-4 g/ml). The CASBEEs, caused contraction of the isolated estrogenized uterine muscles of the guinea pig in a dose-dependent manner. Maximum contraction (100%) for CASBEEs is at 0.6ml with a final bath concentration of 1.2 x 10-4 g/ml. comparatively, maximum contractile responses for the standard drugs was oxytocin 0.8 (1.6 x 10-6 g/ml) and ergometrine 0.8ml (1.6 x 10-6 g/ml) and Acetylcholine 0.4ml (8 x 10-7 g/ml). Aqueous crude extract of the stem-bark of Erythrophleum suaveolens exerted a dose-dependent and sustained uterotonic effect on estrogenized isolated uterine muscle of nulliparous Guinea pigs, thus authenticating the folkloric claim for its use to induce labour. Further studies on its mechanism of action and its use for fertility control should be explored.
PROCESSO DE PRODUÇÃO, MANEJO E QUALIDADE DA UVA DESTINADA À FABRICAÇÃO DE VINHOS
Authors: Pettorini Aline , Siqueira Postai de Vargas Ana Paula , Reolon da Costa Angélica , Preissler Safczuk Daiana Luiza , Ziegler Jardel
Published: September 2022

A produção de uvas e de vinhos no Rio Grande do Sul é uma das maiores no Brasil e, dessa forma, as exigências relacionadas ao controle de qualidade para com ambos os produtos é primordial para a obtenção de destaque neste mercado. Nesse sentido, este estudo tem como objetivo descrever os fatores de produção que interferem na qualidade da uva destinada a fabricação de vinho. Adotou-se o método de natureza qualitativa com delineamento descritivo e exploratório. Ao final do estudo foram identificados os fatores que interferem na qualidade da produção de vinhos, destacando-se o manejo, clima, condições fitossanitárias e o processamento adotado. Esses fatores podem ser controlados por meio da ação humana em conjunto com a adição de tecnologias que atuam como facilitadoras. A partir das observações e entrevistas informais, pode-se afirmar que os três produtores prezam pela qualidade de seus produtos. De forma igualitária, a Vinícola apresenta extremo cuidado para produção de vinhos, mantendo constante de realização de testes, antes do processo de produção, durante as etapas de produção e no produto final, a fim de atestar a aptidão do produto ao consumo humano. Os resultados apresentados demonstraram-se satisfatórios, apresentando-se a descrição dos fatores de produção que interferem na qualidade da uva nas três propriedades estudadas. Além disso, por meio do estudo, obteve-se o entendimento dos processos de fabricação de vinho de uma vinícola.
PROPOSTA DE MODELO MULTICRITERIAL DE DECISÃO EM TERCEIRIZAÇÃO COM APOIO DO AHP
Authors: Brand Guilherme Lottermann
Published: September 2022

A crescente procura por bens materiais fomentou o desenvolvimento da indústria no decorrer dos anos. As pessoas querem sempre mais, carros novos, eletrônicos de última geração, itens exclusivos e autênticos. Mesmo que a participação da indústria tenha diminuído no PIB, dando lugar a mais empresas com o foco em serviços. Temas como preservação ambiental e sustentabilidade, tornaram-se termos comuns no ambiente de trabalho, algo que antigamente não era muito comentado, hoje em dia, é questão de sobrevivência no ramo industrial. O escopo deste trabalho propõe então a elaboração de um modelo de tomada de decisão, baseado no método hierárquico decisório AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), destinado à análise diagnóstica de uma empresa multinacional de ferramentas motorizadas, localizada no sul do Brasil. Para isso, deve-se avaliar quais são os critérios que fazem a organização decidir entre comprar do exterior ou nacionalizar. Critérios bem estipulados são de suma importância para que haja uma política de terceirização sólida e eficiente, que oportunize, através das fragilidades apontadas na análise diagnóstica, a caracterização da melhor escolha possível para cada situação na empresa.
Production impacts of climate change on agricultural livelihoods among smallholder panel households across Ethiopia
Authors: Zekarias Minota Seiko  , Engdawork Assefa Tilahun  , Tamirat Tefera Negash  , Mintewab Bezabih Ayele
Published: September 2022

This study analyzes the production impacts of climate change on smallholder agricultural households across Ethiopia. Hypothesizing that climate change affects agricultural livelihoods mainly through productive and distributive effects, this article examines an integrated farm [crop, livestock, mixed] production impacts overtime. Methodically, the comprehensive Ethiopian socioeconomic survey (ESS] panel data, and nation-wide observatory 60-years climate data- precipitation and temperature [1960-2019] were merged to form a joint panel database; then analyzed using Ricardian panel model with random effects regression. Objectively, factor productivity, the rate of convergence, the historical, real, and seasonal climate impacts were investigated against net-agricultural return overtime. The applied panel model augments both the temporal, spatial, and individual effects and yields more efficient and consistent estimates than the cross-sectional and time series models. The results revealed that CC poses net-negative, increasing and significant impacts on factor elasticity, percapita farm output, and net-farm revenue [NFR] due to diminishing marginal returns; the progressive temporal impacts; regressive duration impacts; divergence effects on the growth of net-farm return; and mixed regional, farm, and HH impacts. Therefore, introducing institutionalized sustainable livelihoods framework [green institutions, finance, education, training, research, inputs, subsidy, insurance, market] in agricultural production system would enhance sustainable production and improved welfare among smallholder households even under changing climate.
Costo de producción de bebida isotónica elaborado del extracto del desecho agroindustrial (cáscara) del Camu camu (Myrciaria dubia Mc. Vaugh H.B.K.)
Authors: Garcia Saavedra Edgardo , Leandro Laguna Caleb , Pari Quispe Dina , Tavera arevalo Ynés del Carmen , Mamani Flores Manuel
Published: September 2022

The effect of dilution (peel: water) on the sensory attributes of the isotonic drink was determined from the fresh Camu camupeel extract, where the chemical and phytochemical characteristics of the fresh peel and the antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Chemical analysis was performed by traditional methods, while phytochemical analysis and antioxidant capacity were performed by spectrophotometry. Likewise, the production costs of the isotonic drink were determined and the sensory aspect was evaluated using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. The results showed that the fresh peel contains: 21.72 ± 0.50 mg.g-1 of ascorbic acid; anthocyanins: 43.02 ± 3.16 mg.L-1 of cyanidin-3-glucoside; polyphenols: 5.52 ± 0.39 mg.g-1 of gallic acid and antioxidant activity (IC50 against DPPH radical): 129.43 ± 7.89 μg.mL-1. The isotonic drink with the best sensory attribute was the one prepared with a 1:5 dilution and the results of the phytochemical characteristics showed that this drink contains: 5.27 ± 0.24 mg.g-1 of ascorbic acid; anthocyanins: 24.77 ± 1.38 mg.L-1 of cyanidin-3-glucoside; polyphenols: 3.39 ± 0.31 mg.g-1 of gallic acid andan antioxidant activity (IC50 against the DPPH radical): 186.24 ± 11.16 μg.mL-1. The total production costs of the isotonic drink are 102.28 soles and a unit cost of 2.05 soles.
ARE TRADITIONAL ADVERTISING METHODS STILL RELEVANT ON CLIENT PURCHASE INTENTION
Authors: Zimuto Jilson , Zvichauya Shelton , Zvobgo Clement Kudakwashe
Published: September 2022

Although there has been considerable research on traditional advertising methods, this study sought to establish their influence on client purchase intention in the banking industry. Data were collected from the bank clients in Gauteng, South Africa. After the analysis, results showed positive relationships between the traditional advertising methods and purchase intention. Moreover, the findings indicated that the four traditional advertising methods have stood the test of time and are still relevant in influencing client purchase intention in the banking industry, despite the digital era.
OPACIFICAÇÃO DE PINO METÁLICO EM DENTE ANTERIOR: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Costa Bianca Maria Beserra , Melo Marilya Roberta Ferreira de , Santos Heloisa Émilly da Silva , Tôrres Daniel José Silveira , Borges Bruna Lucena , Carvalho Dayanne Karla de , Oliveira Andryelle Maria Wanderley de , Santos Tayná Lins Ferreira dos , Santos Izabelle Glória dos , Santos Ana Lethicia Leão
Published: September 2022

O tratamento estético tem a finalidade de restaurar a harmonia facial e com isso devolver a autoestima do indivíduo, reinserindo-o à sociedade. O  presente  trabalho tem  como  objetivo  relatar  um  caso  clínico  de  reabilitação  estética  de  uma coroa escurecida. Paciente K.K.S.B.,   gênero   feminino,   42   anos, compareceu   à   Clínica  do Curso de Pós Graduação em Prótese Dentária da Schettini Educação Continuada, queixando-se  da desarmonia  do seu  sorriso,  devido  ao  escurecimento  do  dente  anterior, após confecção de uma coroa dentária. O plano de tratamento para o caso foi a substituição da coroa e opacificação do pino metálico.  Pode-se  concluir  que a redução do preparo, opacificação do pino metálico, e substituição da coroa por uma coroa metal free, foi uma opção de tratamento adequada, pois o elemento 11 passou de uma coloração escurecida para a cor A1 da escala vita, proporcionando uma excelente estética, harmonização do sorriso e devolução da autoestima da paciente.
A escola popular e o popular na escola: currículo, cultura, formação docente e práticas pedagógicas na favela
Authors: Carius Ana Carolina , Rodrigues Ribeiro Douglas
Published: September 2022

Este artigo tem por objetivo pensar a construção do currículo nas escolas de favela, permeado pela cultura local como eixo norteador da prática docente.  Para essa discussão, autores do currículo como Moreia, Silva e Arroyo, endossam essa investigação que pensamos sob a tríade, “escola, problemática social e conhecimento”, enxergando em suas práticas pedagógicas cotidianas se a denominada “cultura popular” é parte central desta escola, de seu currículo. A instituição escolhida localiza-se em uma petroperiferia do município de Macaé. É importante perceber, no cotidiano, as tensões e conflitos provocados por um contexto de pobreza e violência marcado pelo tráfico de drogas. Para essa reflexão Zaluar, Torquato e Ribeiro nos apresentam a realidade das favelas e a influência dos conflitos nas relações sociais no cotidiano da escola. Acreditar na escola popular (e possível) é crer nos seus populares como atores. É preciso pensar a formação dos professores para as escolas de favela na busca por uma prática pedagógica coerente com a vivência dos populares.
A construção do currículo no Brasil em meio aos dilemas e resistências
Authors: Marques Lima Maria José , Ribeiro da Silva Carlos Manuel , Albuquerque Luiz Botelho , Furtado Ribeiro Luís Távora
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo trata sobre a educação no Brasil na construção do currículo em meio aos dilemas e resistências, a forma como esta foi se manifestando desde os primeiros povos que aqui estavam, os índios, até o atual documento que rege o currículo brasileiro, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular BNCC. O objetivo é compreender a história da educação no Brasil através das manifestações curriculares no contexto do currículo e educação para paz da escola Centro de Educação de Jovens e Adultos CEJA/José Walter. Para tanto, buscou-se uma base teórica fundamentada em autores e documentos oficiais da educação, como: os princípios do Radio Studiorum (Ghiraldelli Junior,2006) e (Saviani, 2019), as reformas (Ghiraldelli Junior,2015), (Machado, 1989), (Moreira, 1990), o ideal da Escola Nova (Lourenço Filho, 1930), o Manifesto (Saviani, 2019), (Decretos de nº 19.850/1931, nº 19851/1931, nº 19.852/1931, nº 20.158/1931, nº 21.241/1931), Constituição de 88, (Leis de Diretrizes e Bases LDB nº 4.024/1961, nº 5.692/1971, nº 9394/1996), Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs), Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCNs), BNCC e o currículo local do Ceará. Trata-se de um currículo em constante movimento em busca de ajustes.

 

Palavras -Chaves:  Educação no Brasil; História; Currículo.
Enchente: um desastre natural, como mediador no ensino de biologia no ensino médio
Authors: Silva Érica Nogueira da , Ferreira Maria Monalizia Holanda , Ciacci Filho José Fernando , Alves Tailane de Aguiar , Keppeler Erlei Cassiano
Published: September 2022

Enchentes são desastres naturais que têm sido comuns no Acre em 2021 e 2022, sendo considerada uma condição climática extrema promovida pelo desmatamento na Amazônia.  Este estudo busca incluir a observação de desastres naturais, como enchentes e suas consequências, como metodologia para alunos do ensino médio, na escola Integral Craveiro Costa, situada em Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, a qual tem histórico de ocorrência de inundações. Nesse sentido, discutiu-se sobre os conceitos que englobam a temática enchente, como, por exemplo, ciclo da água, diversidade de peixes, mudanças climáticas, desastre ambiental e poluição aquática. A metodologia referente a esse tipo de conhecimento é o empirismo que na Modernidade tem sido impulsionada por filósofos como Thomas Hobbes, John Locke e David Hume. Conclui-se que esta temática é relevante para à aprendizagem que ocorre através de relatos, utilizando o empirismo da comunidade escolar.
Ações educativas e o meio ambiente: realidades e perspectivas em âmbito de estado de Rondônia
Authors: Da Silva Deny Ardaia
Published: September 2022

Este artigo é uma preocupação voltada ao Meio Ambiente e as relações diretas com a Educação no Estado de Rondônia. É um reflexo do que percebemos a respeito da atual situação em que se encontra o ser humano no meio ambiente dessa região e tenta traçar mecanismos resolutivos que possam ser usados pela escola que temos. Como também, reflete a luta e as intenções, erros e possibilidades de encontrar um caminho que solucione o grande entrave que distancia, a cada dia, os interesses dos educadores, dos ambientalistas e do que imaginamos ser o interesse de uma sociedade consciente.  Está dividido em três partes. A primeira tenta expor a realidade educacional e o meio ambiente no estado de Rondônia, a segunda reflete um pouco sobre a ação do educador e os entraves que o rodeia no trabalho sobre educação e meio ambiente, a terceira parte tenta aproximar os estudos culturais e educação ambiental, e considerações finais.
Organizações que aprendem: a cultura maker na empresa Intrading Global
Authors: Trinta Valeska Rogéria Vieira , Souza Silvestre Sales de , Garcia Júlio Cesar , Silva Fabio Andrade da , Araujo Alexandra Priscila Costa Pessoa , Andrade Alequexandre Galvez de
Published: September 2022

O objetivo geral deste estudo foi analisar de que forma a cultura maker contribuiu para que a empresa Intrading Global atingisse os resultados almejados. Para isto foi utilizada a pesquisa bibliográfica e desenvolvido um estudo de caso para implementar a cultura maker na organização. Para obter as contribuições dos fatores da cultura maker foi aplicado um questionário com 10 perguntas fechadas com escala likert categórica de 1 a 5, sendo 1 para discordo totalmente até 5 concordo totalmente, foram obtidas 11 respostas, o que equivale ao total da amostra. Por se tratar de processos decisórios foi aplicada as Redes Neurais Artificiais Perceptron.  Os resultados indicam que a empresa obteve resultados positivos a partir da implantação da gestão de resultados, assim como o nível de engajamento e o comprometimento entre os colaboradores.