bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
α-Diazoacetamides in Sc(OTf)3-Catalyzed Tiffeneau–Demjanov Ring Expansion: Application towards the Synthesis of Rare Bicyclic Pyrazoles
Authors: Krasavin Mikhail , Chuprun Sergey , Dar’in Dmitry , Kantin Grigory , Zhmurov Petr
Published: January 2020

A novel Sc(OTf)3-catalyzed Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion of six-membered cyclic ketones has been developed. The resulting seven-membered cyclic β-keto carboxamides were found to be versatile precursors to rare bicyclic pyrazoles obtained in modest to good yields via condensation with aryl hydrazines in the presence of Lawesson’s reagent.
Evaluation of Platelet Activity Markers in Prognostic Value of Children with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Authors: Güven Ahmet Sami , Duksal Fatma , Metin Akcan Özge , Aygüneş Utku , Oflaz Mehmet Burhan
Published: January 2020

Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of platelet (PLT) activity markers in children with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and compare results with healthy controls.

Materials and Methods A total of 135 patients with CCHF and 100 healthy children were included in this retrospective study. Mean age was 12.4 ± 3.3 years in CCHF group, and 92 patients were male. We measured PLT count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and mean platelet mass (MPM) as PLT activity markers.

Results A statistically significant decrease in MPM and PLT, and significantly higher levels of PDW and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and no significant difference in MPV were observed in patients with CCHF compared with controls. Although there were no significant differences between the severe and nonsevere CCHF groups in term of MPV and PDW, the MPM value was significantly decreased in severe patients (p < 0.001). Furthermore, MPM values were inversely correlated with aPTT (r = −0.617, p = 0.015), and positively correlated with PLT (r = 0.703, p < 0.001) which are considered likely to be indicators of disease severity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed MPM as an independent risk factor for severe disease.

Conclusion Our study demonstrated that MPM values were decreased in severe cases compared with nonsevere in children with CCHF. The MPM as an indicator of PLT activation at the time of diagnosis in children with CCHF can be used as a prognostic index for disease severity.
Quadriparesis following a Low-Voltage Electrical Injury in a 4-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Forouzan Arash , Masoumi Kambiz , Bastan Amir Sadegh Iran , Karimi Mohammad
Published: January 2020

Electricity injuries are a global health problem, especially in low-income countries. The present case report involves a 4-year-old girl with quadriparesis following a low-voltage electrical injury. She was alert and her vital signs were normal on admission. The results of her examination were normal, except for decreased muscle power of the limbs, which was significantly improved during observation in the emergency ward and the subsequent follow-up. Clinical evidence suggested the diagnosis of transient neurologic effects associated with the electrical injury. Some degrees of neurological impairment are often observed in patients after electrical damage. Given the multiorgan dysfunction observed in many electrical injury patients, it is recommended to perform neurological examinations, if possible, at the first visit and follow-ups.
Effect of Potassium Infusions on Serum Levels in Children during Treatment of Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Basnet Sangita , Musaitif Rawan , Khanal Aayush , Powell Kimberly , Caprirolo Giovanna , Majcina Ryan , Robbs Randall S.
Published: January 2020

A retrospective study was done to determine the effect of potassium (K+) infusions on serum levels in children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Eighty-two percent of 92 cases studied received 40 mEq/L K+ infusion over the treatment period of median 13.0 (interquartile range [IQR]: 7–18) hours. The median K+ value at the end of this period was 3.9 (IQR: 3.4–4.2) mEq/L. There were 31 data points of low K+ values (<3.5 mEq/L) and 4 high values (>5.5 mEq/L) during this treatment period. The K+ infusions of 40 mEq/L may be sufficient to normalize serum K+ when treating DKA.
Contribution of Habitual Activity to Cruciate Ligament Rupture in Labrador Retrievers
Authors: Terhaar Hannah M. , Muir Peter , Baker Lauren A. , Binversie Emily E. , Chi Jacqueline , Sample Susannah J.
Published: January 2020

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the contribution of signalment and habitual activity in the development of cruciate ligament rupture (CR) in Labrador Retrievers.

Study Design Four hundred and twelve client-owned purebred Labrador Retrievers were recruited. Dogs were assigned either as affected with CR or as controls based on signalment, physical examination and radiographic evidence of disease. Clients were asked to complete a questionnaire related to signalment, concurrent disease and a questionnaire pertaining to their dog's activity before development of CR or general activity during the dog's most active years.

Results Habitual activity was not significantly different between dogs affected with CR and controls. There was no significant difference in neuter status or body weight between CR affected dogs and controls. Labrador Retrievers with a yellow coat, and Labradors that did not maintain an optimal body weight in the opinion of their veterinarian were at increased risk of developing CR.

Conclusions Habitual activity level is not a risk factor for development of CR in Labrador Retrievers. Our study did not show neuter status, sex or body weight to be risk factors for CR. However, coat colour and not sustaining optimal body condition are significant risk factors for CR.
Bruns Syndrome Caused by Intraventricular Neurocysticercosis: Literature Review
Authors: Silva Guilherme Gago da , Ferreira Nelson Pires , Britz João Pedro Einsfeld
Published: January 2020

Bruns syndrome is one of the clinical presentations of intraventricular neurocysticercosis, and it is characterized by episodes of headache, vertigo and vomiting. The intraventricular form of neurocysticercosis occurs in 7% to 20% of the cases, and it is more serious than the intraparenchymal form. The management is primarily surgical, associated with pharmacological therapy with anthelmintic drugs and corticosteroids. We report the case of a patient who presented Bruns syndrome due to neurocysticercosis.
Incidence of Normal versus Support Trot in the Healthy Adult German Shepherd Dog
Authors: Vitt Molly A. , Gordon-Evans Wanda J. , Conzemius Michael G.
Published: January 2020

Introduction Current sports medicine textbooks suggest German Shepherd dogs leave a forelimb on the ground longer than other breeds for support because of angulated joints eliminating a true suspension phase (support trot). The objective of this study was to characterize the trot of healthy, adult German Shepherd dogs and describe morphometric relationships. The hypothesis was that all German Shepherd dogs have a standard trot that does not correlate with morphometric measurements.

Materials and Methods Forty healthy, adult German Shepherd dogs with no history of musculoskeletal disease or visible lameness were enrolled in this study. Height, weight, body length, standing limb distance and standing joint angles were measured. Dogs were trotted over a pressure walkway collecting five valid trials. Each trial was categorized by the presence or absence of the suspension phase and the percent of standard trot trials was calculated. Mean and standard deviations were calculated for all data. A Spearman's rank sum test was performed for each of the morphometric measurements to assess correlation with the percent of standard trot trials.

Results Of the dogs analysed, 37.5% demonstrated a standard trot in all five trials, 60% of dogs utilized a support trot intermittently, and one dog (2.5%) solely utilized a support trot in all trials. There was no correlation between combinations of morphometric measurements and percentage of standard trot statistically or visually.

Discussion/Conclusion This prospective clinical study showed that the use of the support trot was not correlated with morphometric measurements.
Stifle Joint Rotational Variation in Extended Stifles in Healthy Dogs Undergoing Computed Tomography Examinations
Authors: Allberg Clara M. , McEvoy Fintan J. , Buelund Lene E. , Miles James E.
Published: January 2020

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate stifle joint rotational stability in response to body position and repositioning in dogs undergoing computed tomography (CT).

Materials and Methods Nine dogs (18 stifles) with no history or clinical signs of stifle injury undergoing CT examinations for other reasons were included in the study. Dogs were positioned in alternating dorsal and sternal recumbency with the pelvic limbs extended caudally and unrestrained, for a total of four examinations. Scans included the entire tibia and distal femur. Using defined landmarks on the tibia and femur, stifle joint rotational angles were measured from multiplanar reconstructions made by two independent observers, and repositioning effects and intra- and interobserver agreement evaluated.

Results Repositioning produced repeatable stifle joint rotational angles (pooled within-subject standard deviations of 0.9° and 1.4°) and intraobserver repeatability was good (within-subject standard deviations 1.4°), but interobserver agreement was poor. Dorsal and sternal positioning produced equivalent results.

Clinical Significance The results indicate that little rotation occurs in the healthy extended canine stifle joint during positioning for CT and support CT as a method for assessing limb alignment around the stifle joint, provided that the limb distal to the femorotibial joint is unrestrained. Clinically, it is likely that measured changes in rotational angles across (and distant to) the stifle joint are real, rather than being due to rotation artefact during imaging.
Impact of Medial Meniscotibial Ligament Disruption Compared to Peripheral Medial Meniscal Tear on Knee Biomechanics
Authors: Smith Patrick A. , Humpherys Joseph L. , Stannard James P. , Cook James L.
Published: January 2020

Medial meniscotibial ligament (MTL) lesions may go unrecognized and untreated and have detrimental impact on knee biomechanics and joint pathology. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the biomechanical impact of midbody MTL disruption to corresponding peripheral medial meniscal (PMM) tears in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) intact and ACL-deficient cadaveric knees. Cadaveric knees (n = 12; 6 matched pairs) were tested for laxity and ACL strain under anterior, valgus, and external rotation loading at 0, 30, and 90 degree of flexion. Knees were randomly assigned to ACL-intact (n = 6) or ACL-deficient (n = 6) groups. Large midbody MTL disruption or corresponding PMM tears were created (n = 3/group) and knees retested. PMM tears were repaired arthroscopically with inside-out suturing, and MTL lesions were repaired with suture anchors via an open approach. Knees were retested after repair. Biomechanical testing data were compared for statistically significant differences. Large MTL and PMM lesions were associated with significant increases in ACL strain, anterior laxity at 0, 30, and 90 degrees (p = 0.006), valgus laxity (p = 0.0012), and external rotation laxity (p = 0.0003) compared with intact knees. Repair of each lesion restored knee stability and reduced ACL strain to intact levels. In ACL-deficient knees, there was significantly increased anterior, valgus, and external rotation laxity compared with the ACL-intact state and MTL and PMM lesions further increased laxity at all angles. However, differences were not statistically significant and repair of meniscal lesions alone did not restore stability to ACL-deficient knees. These results highlight the need to recognize medial MTL injury and perform an appropriate repair procedure to restore knee stability and protect against excessive ACL strain.
Optimization of silicon-photonic crystal (PhC) waveguide for a compact and high extinction ratio TM-pass polarization filter
Authors: Prakash Chandra , Sen Mrinal
Published: January 2020

A silicon photonic crystal waveguide based design of a highly-compact transverse-magnetic pass polarization filter has been proposed in this paper. The device utilizes both the index guiding and bandgap property simultaneously to realize its operation as a polarizer. Optimizations of different device-parameters, such as the radius of the holes, width, thickness, and length of the waveguide, have been performed for attaining its paramount performance. A small waveguide length, in the order of 5 μm, has shown a high extinction ratio, i.e., 45 dB, at the wavelength of 1550 nm. A uniform bandwidth of ≈120 nm is observed, beyond the extinction ratio of 40 dB, along with a remarkably low insertion loss, i.e., ≈0.6 dB. Investigations are also performed to evaluate performances of the polarizer under possible fabrication disorders, which depicts a sustained performance up to at least a random fabrication disorder of 30 nm. These merits make the polarizer suitable for applications in densely integrable photonic integrated circuits.
Study of stability in a liner-on-target gas puff Z-pinch as a function of pre-embedded axial magnetic field
Authors: Conti F. , Aybar N. , Narkis J. , Valenzuela J. C. , Rahman H. U. , Ruskov E. , Dutra E. , Haque S. , Covington A. , Beg F. N.
Published: January 2020

Gas puff Z-pinches are intense sources of X-rays and neutrons but are highly susceptible to the magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instability (MRTI). MRTI mitigation is critical for optimal and reproducible yields, motivating significant attention toward various potential mitigation mechanisms. One such approach is the external application of an axial magnetic field, which will be discussed here in the context of recent experiments on the Zebra generator (1 MA, 100 ns) at the University of Nevada, Reno. In these experiments, an annular Kr gas liner is imploded onto an on-axis deuterium target with a pre-embedded axial magnetic field Bz0 ranging from 0 to 0.3 T. The effect of Bz0 on the stability of the Kr liner is evaluated with measurements of plasma radius, overall instability amplitude, and dominant instability wavelength at different times obtained from time-gated extreme ultraviolet pinhole images. It was observed that the external axial magnetic field does not affect the implosion velocity significantly and that it reduces the overall instability amplitude and the presence of short-wavelength modes, indicating improved pinch stability and reproducibility. For the highest applied Bz0=0.3 T, the stagnation radius measured via visible streak images was found to increase. These findings are consistent with experiments reported in the literature, but here, the Bz0 required for stability, Bz0=0.13 Ipk/R0 (where Ipk is the driver peak current and R0 is the initial radius), is lower. This could be attributed to the smaller load geometry, both radially and axially. Consistent with other experiments, the cause of decreased convergence cannot be explained by the additional axial magnetic pressure and remains an open question.
Filter function of graphene oxide: Trapping perfluorinated molecules
Authors: Barker David , Fors Angelica , Lindgren Emelie , Olesund Axel , Schröder Elsebeth
Published: January 2020

We need clean drinking water, but current water purification methods are not always sufficient. This study examines the binding and binding mechanisms when graphene oxide is used as a filter material for removing perfluorinated substances and trihalomethanes. We use density functional theory calculations to examine the binding of the harmful molecules on graphene oxide. Our results indicate that the binding energies between graphene oxide and the investigated molecules are in the range of 370–1450 meV per molecule, similar to the binding energies obtained in other studies, where adsorption of similar size molecules onto graphene oxide has been investigated. This indicates that graphene oxide has the potential to separate the molecules of interest from the water. Significant contribution to the binding energies comes from the van der Waals (dispersion) interaction between the molecule and graphene oxide, while the hydrogen bonding between the functional groups of graphene oxide and the hydrogen atoms in functional groups on the molecules also plays a role in the binding.
Scientists detail jumping physics of tiny fish
Authors: Kish Stacy W.
Published: January 2020

Researchers model the jumping kinematics of archer fish to understand how these tiny aquatic creatures achieve their aerodynamic feats as they breach the water-air interface.
Building selection by the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)
Authors: Chen Yuqing , Doran Bruce , Sinclair-Hannocks Sharyn , Mangos John , Gibbons Philip
Published: January 2020

Abstract ContextThe common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) is a protected native species in Australia that can access buildings in urban areas and cause considerable damage or disruption to building occupants. Although several strategies to discourage this species from entering buildings have been recommended, few have been evaluated empirically. AimsOur study aims to analyse how landscaping and building construction influence occupancy of buildings by the common brushtail possum. MethodsWe collated reports of possums occupying 134 buildings over 12 years on the campus of The Australian National University (ANU), in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). We used generalised linear modelling (GLM) to identify associations between the total number of reported possum-related incidents for buildings and a range of landscape and building characteristics. Key resultsControlling for the effect of building size, we found that the number of reported possum-related incidents in buildings was positively associated with the percentage of tree and shrub canopy cover within the calculated home-range buffer distance of 49m from buildings, length of canopy overhanging roofs and building age, and negatively associated with tree species richness and number of trees with natural hollows and nest boxes within 49m of buildings. There were likely to be more possum-related reports from buildings in areas where the dominant tree genus was native, buildings with parapets (walls extending above the roof), buildings with structures penetrating from the roof, buildings with tile roofs and gable roofs. ConclusionsA combination of suitable habitat surrounding buildings, suitable access to the roofs of buildings and weak points in building roofs (e.g. parapets, roof penetrations), makes them more vulnerable to occupancy by the common brushtail possum. Implications Our results provided clues for managing existing buildings, or designing new buildings, in a way that may reduce the likelihood of occupancy by the common brushtail possum. Our study also demonstrated how building-maintenance records can be used to address human–wildlife conflict over time.
Development of a new integrated severe plastic deformation method
Authors: Khandani S. T. , Faraji G. , Torabi H.
Published: January 2020

A novel one-pass integrated severe plastic deformation method, entitled extrusion compression angular pressing forward extrusion (ECAP-FE), was designed and used for fabricating a fine-grained as-cast AZ31 Mg alloy. Subsequently, mechanical (room temperature compression, tensile and microhardness) and microstructural properties of the processed sample were investigated in detail. In addition, a finite element simulation of the proposed method was carried out for evaluating the equivalent plastic strain and strain rate distribution. The results showed that the ECAP-FE method is a powerful method for processing the ultrafine-grained as-cast AZ31 Mg alloy in a single pass to achieve a uniform and fine microstructure with enhanced mechanical properties. Therefore, it appears that the proposed method has a great potential to a wide range of industrial applications.
Roadmap on cosmic EUV and x-ray spectroscopy
Authors: Smith Randall , Hahn Michael , Raymond John , Kallman T , Ballance C P , Polito Vanessa , Del Zanna Giulio , Gu Liyi , Hell Natalie , Cumbee Renata , Betancourt-Martinez Gabriele , Costantini Elisa , Corrales Lia
Published: January 2020

Cosmic EUV/x-ray spectroscopists, including both solar and astrophysical analysts, have a wide range of high-resolution and high-sensitivity tools in use and a number of new facilities in development for launch. As this bandpass requires placing the spectrometer beyond the Earth’s atmosphere, each mission represents a major investment by a national space agency such as NASA, ESA, or JAXA, and more typically a collaboration between two or three. In general justifying new mission requires an improvement in capabilities of at least an order of magnitude, but the sensitivity of these existing missions are already taxing existing atomic data quantity and accuracy. This roadmap reviews the existing missions, showing how in a number of areas atomic data limits the science that can be performed. The missions that will be launched in the coming Decade will without doubt require both more and improved measurements of wavelengths and rates, along with theoretical calculations of collisional and radiative cross sections for a wide range of processes.
Response evolution of mechanical metamaterials under architectural transformations
Authors: Meeussen A S , Oğuz E C , Hecke M van , Shokef Y
Published: January 2020

Architectural transformations play a key role in the evolution of complex systems, from design algorithms for metamaterials to flow and plasticity of disordered media. Here, we develop a general framework for the evolution of the linear mechanical response of network structures under discrete architectural transformations via sequential bond swapping: the removal and addition of elastic elements. We focus on a class of spatially complex metamaterials, consisting of triangular building blocks. Rotations of these building blocks, corresponding to removing and adding elastic elements, introduce (topological) architectural defects. We show that the metamaterials’ states of self stress play a crucial role in the mechanical response, and that the mutually exclusive self stress states between two different network architectures span the difference in their mechanical response. For our class of metamaterials, we identify a localized representation of these states of self stress, which allows us to capture the evolving response. We use our insights to understand the unusual stress-steering behaviour of topological defects.
Fractional variant of Stokes–Einstein relation in aqueous ionic solutions under external static electric fields*
Authors: Ren Gan , Tian Shikai
Published: January 2020

Both ionic solutions under an external applied static electric field E and glassy-forming liquids under undercooled state are in non-equilibrium state. In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with three aqueous alkali ion chloride (NaCl, KCl, and RbCl) ionic solutions are performed to exploit whether the glass-forming liquid analogous fractional variant of the Stokes–Einstein relation also exists in ionic solutions under E. Our results indicate that the diffusion constant decouples from the structural relaxation time under E, and a fractional variant of the Stokes–Einstein relation is observed as well as a crossover analogous to the glass-forming liquids under cooling. The fractional variant of the Stokes–Einstein relation is attributed to the E introduced deviations from Gaussian and the nonlinear effect.
A low-dimensional crystal growth model on an isotropic and quasi-free sustained substrate*
Authors: Lu Chenxi , Yu Senjiang , Li Lingwei , Yang Bo , Tao Xiangming , Ye Gaoxiang
Published: January 2020

A new crystal growth theoretical model is established for the low-dimensional nanocrystals on an isotropic and quasi-free sustained substrate. The driven mechanism of the model is based on the competitive growth among the preferential growth directions of the crystals possessing anisotropic crystal structures, such as the hexagonal close-packed and wurtzite structures. The calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental findings in the growth process of the low-dimensional Zn nanocrystals on silicone oil surfaces. Our model shows a growth mechanism of various low-dimensional crystals on/in the isotropic substrates.
A method to extend wavelength into middle-wavelength infrared based on InAsSb/(Al)GaSb interband transition quantum well infrared photodetector*
Authors: Li Xuan-Zhang , Sun Ling , Lu Jin-Lei , Liu Jie , Yue Chen , Xie Li-Li , Wang Wen-Xin , Chen Hong , Jia Hai-Qiang , Wang Lu
Published: January 2020

We present a method to extend the operating wavelength of the interband transition quantum well photodetector from an extended short-wavelength infrared region to a middle-wavelength infrared region. In the modified InAsSb quantum well, GaSb is replaced with AlSb/AlGaSb, the valence band of the barrier material is lowered, the first restricted energy level is higher than the valence band of the barrier material, the energy band structure forms type-II structure. The photocurrent spectrum manifest that the fabricated photodetector exhibits a response range from 1.9 μm to 3.2 μm with two peaks at 2.18 μm and 3.03 μm at 78K.
Magnetoelectric effects in multiferroic Y-type hexaferrites Ba0.3Sr1.7CoxMg2−xFe12O22*
Authors: Chang Yanfen , Zhai Kun , Sun Young
Published: January 2020

Y-type hexaferrites with tunable conical magnetic structures are promising single-phase multiferroics that exhibit large magnetoelectric effects. We have investigated the influence of Co substitution on the magnetoelectric properties in the Y-type hexaferrites Ba0.3Sr1.7Co
x
Mg2−x
Fe12O22 (x = 0.0, 0.4, 1.0, 1.6). The spin-induced electric polarization can be reversed by applying a low magnetic field for all the samples. The magnetoelectric phase diagrams of Ba0.3Sr1.7Co
x
Mg2−x
Fe12O22 are obtained based on the measurements of magnetic field dependence of dielectric constant at selected temperatures. It is found that the substitution of Co ions can preserve the ferroelectric phase up to a higher temperature, and thus is beneficial for achieving single-phase multiferroics at room temperature.
Hydrodynamic simulation of chaotic dynamics in InGaAs oscillator in terahertz region*
Authors: Feng Wei
Published: January 2020

Hydrodynamic calculations of the chaotic behaviors in n+nn+ In0.53Ga0.47As devices biased in terahertz (THz) electric field have been carried out. Their different transport characteristics have been carefully investigated by tuning the n-region parameters and the applied ac radiation. The oscillatory mode is found to transit between synchronization and chaos, as verified by the first return map. The transitions result from the mixture of the dc induced oscillation and the one driven by the ac radiation. Our findings will give further and thorough understanding of electron transport in In0.53Ga0.47As terahertz oscillator, which is a promising solid-state THz source.
The development of physics modules based on madihin culture to train kayuh baimbai character
Authors: Wati M , Rizka Putri M , Misbah M , Hartini S , Mahtari S
Published: January 2020

The unavailability of the physics module containing local wisdom of South Kalimantan and can trace the character become the background of this research. Therefore, the researcher conducted research and development of physics module on subject vibration, waves, and sounds of madihin culture to train kayuh baimbai character. This study aimed to describe the feasibility of physics modules based on the validity, practicality, effectiveness, and achievement of kayuh baimbai. This study was a research and development used ADDIE model. Subjects tested for this research were class VIII-H MTsN 3 Banjarmasin intended for 32 people. Validation data are obtained from the module validation sheet, the practicality of the student response questionnaire, the effectiveness of the learning outcome test and the character achievement of the character assessment sheet. The result of the research showed that: (1) the validity of physics modules was categorized as valid, (2) the practicality of physics module was categorized as highly practical, (3) the effectiveness of the physics module was categorized as moderate, and (4) the achievement of kayuh baimbai characters was categorized as good. The conclusion is that the physics module based on madihin culture is feasible to use in learning.
Developing of simple props using local materials to support natural sciences learning
Authors: An’nur S , Sari M , Wati M , Misbah M , Dewantara D
Published: January 2020

This study aims to describe the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of simple props. The props developed using the model analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation (ADDIE) were tested on students of class VIII Junior High School in Banjarbaru using One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The data in this study were obtained through validation sheets, questionnaires, and learning outcomes tests. The results of this study indicate: 1) the validity of simple props was valid, and the validity of the student worksheet category is very valid, with the results of validation of 3.19 and 3.40. 2) the practicality of simple props was very practical with the results of the questionnaire calculation of 4.38. 3) The effectiveness of simple props was a very effective category of learning outcomes tests with test results gain of 0.71. It was concluded that simple props use local materials to support natural science learning feasible to be used in the learning process in the subject matter of solid pressure and liquid pressure.
Developing of natural science teaching materials character-based in science technology and society (STS) approach
Authors: Zainuddin Z , Irawati E , Salam M A , Misbah M , Dewantara D
Published: January 2020

Teaching materials that link aspects of science, environment, technology, and society, as well as teaching materials that contain character values, are not yet in school. For this reason, this study is conducted to describe the feasibility of teaching materials developed in terms of the aspects of validity, practicality, effectiveness, and character achievement. This research includes research and development (R&D) that refers to the ADDIE model. The subjects of the trial from this study were 33 VIIIH class students of SMP 1 Banjarmasin. The research instruments used included the validation sheet, lesson plan implementation sheet, learning outcome test, and self-assessment sheet. The results of data analysis show that the natural science teaching material developed has a very good validation category; practical, which can be done very well; effectiveness with effective categories; and the achievement of students’ character is a very good category. It was concluded that natural science teaching materials character-based appropriate were used on the subject matter of vibrations, waves, and sounds for middle school in science technology and society (STS) approach.
Physics innovative learning: RODE learning model to train student communication skills
Authors: Kusuma A E , Wasis  , Susantini E , Rusmansyah
Published: January 2020

Effective communication skills are 21st-century demands and are important to be mastered and developed by students in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 (4IR) era. Communication skills consisting of written and oral communication skills can be trained in physics learning through innovative efforts to develop learning models. The purpose of this study is to produce a hypothetical RODE model that aims to practice communication skills. Therefore, the development of the RODE learning model was designed. The hypothetical RODE model was designed by analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the Project-Based Learning model and the Problem Solving learning model, learning theories and empirical studies by examining scientific journals and related research results. The research was carried out by conducting needs analysis, literature analysis, and field observations. The results of the study showed the hypothetic RODE learning model composed of the syntax Read-Outline-Discussion-Evaluation has theoretical and empirical support of research results and is designed to address the weaknesses of the Project-Based Learning and Problem-Solving models. The hypothetical learning model RODE that has been designed must be tested later to meet the aspects of validity, practicality, and effectiveness in training student communication skills.
Effectiveness of model numbered head type integrated structure of islamic value against understanding mathematical concept ability
Authors: Febryanti F , Ahmad H , Nurhasanah  , Kamaruddin A
Published: January 2020

To realize the mandate of law number 20 of 2003, the teacher can integrate Islam value in mathematics learning. This study is a quasi-experimental study that aims to determine the effectiveness of the application of cooperative learning models with numbered structure types that are integrated Islamic values with the ability to understand students’ mathematical concepts. The sample of this research is the class X students of SMK Mega Link Majene, amounting to 20 people. Indicators of effectiveness in this study include (1) the value of student learning attain Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM = 70) with 80% classical completeness, (2) observation sheet for student activities in each observed aspect reaching > 75%, and (3) the questionnaire response to the application of cooperative learning models with integrated structure numbered head type Islamic values reached > 75% who responded positively. The analysis results obtained a significant value of 0, 000 < α means that H0 is rejected and accepts H1. While the classical completeness value got 85% of students who achieved KKM, the observation sheet of student activities reached 85% of the eight observed aspects and calculated the students’ responses to the application of learning data 88% responded positively. Based on this analysis, the use of cooperative learning models with head types with structural numbers integrated with effective Islamic values on the ability to understand students’ mathematical concepts.
Wetland environment as learning resource using CTL approach to improve critical thinking in 21st century
Authors: Yunita A , Aufa M N
Published: January 2020

Tidal water habitat, such as fresh, brackish, or salty water from the wetland environment was local wisdom in South Borneo. Wetland environment can be used as a learning resource on the acid base concept in chemistry learning. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the CTL approach using wetland environment as a learning resource to improve critical thinking. Critical thinking skill is one of 21st centuries skill needed. This research used quasi-experiment method with non-equivalent control group design. Samples were taken by cluster random sampling technique. The independent variable was learning approach, and the dependent variable was critical thinking skill. Techniques used to analyse data were descriptive and inferential statistics. The result showed that there was significant difference in critical thinking skill in the experimental and control class. This research concluded that CTL learning was better to enhance critical thinking skill caused by the contribution of the CTL approach such as constructivism, inquiry, questioning, modelling, learning community, and reflection supported by the use of learning resource from wetland environment.
Can the guided inquiry with environment learning resources increase conceptual understanding and scientific literacy?
Authors: Sholahuddin A , Sholihah A , Mahdian  , Susilowati E
Published: January 2020

This study was aimed to improve the quality of chemistry learning process, learning outcomes and scientific literacy in electrolyte and nonelectrolyte material by application of guided inquiry with environment learning resources. This classroom action research was conducted at tenth grade of class IPA 2 SMA Negeri 1 Banjarmasin by involving 35 students, a teacher and three observers. Scientific literacy and conceptual understanding data were collected using multiple choice test. Meanwhile, teacher and student activities data were collected using observation sheets. This classroom action had increased quality of teacher activity from moderate to good, students’ activity from less active to active, students’ scientific literacy from moderate to high and chemistry conceptual understanding from 51.42% to 91.42% of completeness level. It was concluded that the guided inquiry with environment learning resource was effective to increase quality of chemistry learning process, students’ learning outcome and scientific literacy. To make the meaningful chemistry learning, it’s importance to use environment learning resources which are close to the students.
A simple strategy of development water resistance for water comparison using AVR microcontroller
Authors: Ishak M , Turahyo  , Muliawan A , Amalinda F
Published: January 2020

Quality of water can be determined by measuring water resistance values. The resistance parameter is used as a reference to determine water quality based on physical properties where the minimum value for the clean water category is 333.33 Ω. Therefore we need a measuring device to check the value of water resistance. A voltage divider is a simple circuit that can be used to read water resistance values. In this research, a water resistance measuring instrument has been made with a simple method involving a voltage divider circuit with 1 sensor and 2 resistors installed in series, each resistor has a value of 10 kΩ. The sensor output voltage is in the form of an analog signal converted by a 10-bit ADC by an ATMega16 microcontroller. The DC output voltage of the ADC is entered into the voltage divider formula to obtain the water-resistance value from the sensor probe. With the comparative method of reading the tools between the tools made and the standard tools, a calibration using a simple linear regression method is used with the equation model 2984.783216 + (-0.00187724X). An error of 0.79% was obtained after the device was calibrated. The results of clean water testing for comparison in Perum PKT 2939.35764 Ω and Perum HOP 2940.8132 Ω.
Characteristic study of SiO2 content of quartz rock as a raw material for making silicon metal for solar cells
Authors: Darwis D , Sesa E , Iqbal  , Kasim S , Diharnaini  , Lestari A S , Lamanu M
Published: January 2020

Studies on the characterization of quartz rock have been carried out at three locations, namely on the shores of Lake Poso, the Poso River and the location of sand mines has been done using XRF and XRD methods. The results indicate that the SiO2 mineral content obtained from the Poso Lake, Poso Piver and Poso sand mining locations are 99.4%, 99.34% and 99.30%, respectively. The XRD data showing that the Miller index value obtained in all three samples is [101] with a trigonal crystal structure (hexagonal axes).
Exact and approximate energy sums in potential wells
Authors: Berry M V , Burke Kieron
Published: January 2020

Sums of the N lowest energy levels for quantum particles bound by potentials are calculated, emphasising the semiclassical regime N  ≫  1. Euler-Maclaurin summation, together with a regularisation, gives a formula for these energy sums, involving only the levels N  +  1, N  +  2…. For the harmonic oscillator and the particle in a box, the formula is exact. For wells where the levels are known approximately (e.g. as a WKB series), with the higher levels being more accurate, the formula improves accuracy by avoiding the lower levels. For a linear potential, the formula gives the first Airy zero with an error of order 10−7. For the Pöschl–Teller potential, regularisation is not immediately applicable but the energy sum can be calculated exactly; its semiclassical approximation depends on how N and the well depth are linked. In more dimensions, the Euler–Maclaurin technique is applied to give an analytical formula for the energy sum for a free particle on a torus, using levels determined by the smoothed spectral staircase plus some oscillatory corrections from short periodic orbits.
The influence of scale factor on the realization of natural potential of grain farming in the region
Authors: Semykin V A , Pigorev I A , Zyukin D A
Published: January 2020

The development of grain farming is considered in the article as the backbone and the most important direction of agricultural production in Kursk region. The research has shown that since 2014 there has been a twofold increase in the share of large grain-sowing farms in the structure of sowing and gross grain harvest, exceeded 60%. The aim of the research is to identify the perspectives of the development of grain farming on the basis of the implementation of the concentration of sowing in a narrow list of large agricultural organizations’ holdfast. The clustering method has been used as the main analysis tool. Its results have made it possible to compare various groups of agricultural organizations formed according to the sowing size of cereal crops due to the main productive and economic indicators of efficiency of grain production. The features of functioning of large agricultural organizations are shown in the research. They determine as the generation of benefits and so they form the difficulties to provide the improvement of the results of grain production. The scale effect enables large business to provide more effective and resultative production, however, the results of the analysis testify that the largest organizations have a relatively lower efficiency of grain cultivation. In the research there has been a conclusion: in the current financial and economic conditions the concentration of land resources in large producers’ holdfast is not the best way to activize the processes of intensification and the increase of productivity and profitability of grain production. It will lead to the formation of an oligopoly in the regional grain market.
Application of the amaranth extrudate in the technology of bread from grade wheat flour
Authors: Derkanosova N M , Stakhurlova A A , Pshenichnaya I A , Ponomareva I N , Vasilenko O A , Shurshikova G V
Published: January 2020

Bakery is products whose composition regulation can have a beneficial effect on the country population’s diets. Among many enriching ingredients amaranth can be distinguished as promising raw materials. Its processed products can act as a basis for the gluten-free food manufacturing or as an ingredients enriching with protein, dietary fiber, squalene, polyunsaturated fatty acids and other nutrients. At the same time, integrated use of the amaranth grain potential should be recognized as the most appropriate. In the article, it was proposed to use ground extruded amaranth Universal as an enriching raw material ingredient for bakery products. The dosage limits of the amaranth extrudate were determined by a technique for calculation the structure of a multicomponent baking mixture for the production of enriched products. The technique includes the statement of the task of calculating the components of the mixture in the form of a stochastic programming problem in the M-statement. Accordingly, the mathematical expectation of the objective function value is optimized for given values of the coefficients variation and the probability of constraints fulfilling. In dosages justified by preliminary calculations, amaranth extrudate is introduced into model mixes with first-grade wheat flour to determine their baking properties. The indicators of the complex strength characteristics of the model mixtures are determined on the valorigraph. Results showed a decrease in baking properties with an increase in the mass fraction of amaranth extrudate in model mixtures up to 30%. At the same time, the numerical value of the valorimetric assessment allows us to consider this dosage of enriched bakery product formulations by introducing the extruded amaranth Universal.
Effect of new biologies on winter wheat structure and technological properties
Authors: Pavlovskay N E , Gorkov A A
Published: January 2020

The paper discusses the scientific aspects towards new biologies based on the natural cells components for winter wheat curing, aimed at increasing wheat yield as well as the plant survival rate under adverse winter factors. Experimental data revealing the effect of new biologies on the technological properties of grain are presented. Biologies based on bean lectins and buckwheat bioflavonoids have a significant impact on shaping the yield structure elements. Thus, the spike grain content according to the experimental results has increased on average by 7.71%, spike productivity by 11%, weight of 1000 grains by 3.3%. The highest yield of winter wheat was obtained from the Leonida cultivar by using the biologies containing bean lectins and buckwheat bioflavonoids - 8.67 t/ha, the maximum yield increase for the hard cultivar ‘Kristella’ amounted to 0.87 t/ha or 33%. Biologies significantly improve the quality characteristics of winter wheat, increasing the gluten content from 5 to 22%, and changing the IDK indicators by 11 - 18 units. The experimental material opens up the prospects to conduct further research in the field of winter resistance of plants under biologies influence.
Study of quality indicators of developed bakery products during storage
Authors: Shmatkova N N , Kurochkin A A
Published: January 2020

The development of the bakery products enriched with food fibers, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phytalbumin, mineral substances and also vitamins and flavonoids (Silymarinum) through the use of extruded mixture of holy thistle seeds and wheat grain is considered in the article. The mixture of holy thistle seeds and wheat grain in the ratio of 1:4 was processed for 10-15 seconds at a temperature of 100-105 ° C by means of the modernized one-screw press extruder (CMH - 2U).
Productive feeding of rainbow trout: properties, effects on physiological state and interior indicators
Authors: Dvoryaninova O P , Sokolov A V
Published: January 2020

It is advisable to use secondary resources of the fish industry with high protein content as a raw material for the development of biologically complete feeds in aquaculture. The work uses standard and original research methods. A complex studies of the chemical composition, physico-chemical and microbiological quality indicators of the experimental feed proved its balance in amino acid composition. The degree of essential amino acids was 91.5 to 107.3%. The biological value of feed protein is 95.18%. It was proved that the amount of free ammonia released through the fish gills is directly proportional to the amount of feed eaten, inversely proportional to the feed coefficient and equal to 0.05. The pH value changed on the 42nd day from 7.6 to 7.7 but remained within the range of pH 6-9, which is optimal for the life support of fish. The absolute increase in the amount of individuals in the control group was 1.2% higher compared with the experimental one. At the same time, feed costs for the entire feeding period were 0.99. Fish survival was 98%. In both cases, bifidobacteria were isolated from the resistant microflora. Notably, the bifidobacteria titer was 3 lg units higher in the trout of the experimental group in comparison with the control group, which does not exceed permissible norms. Thus, the obtained feeding is not inferior in quality to the imported feeding. Therefore, it can be recommended for feeding rainbow trout grown in recirculating aquaculture systems.