bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Daily dynamics of peripheral blood corticosteroids in patients with a primary diagnosis of "hormone-inactive" adrenal tumors
Authors: Goncharov N. P. , Katsiya G. V. , Kolesnikova G. S. , Todua T. N. , Atamanova T. M. , Mamaev V. G. , Bronstein M. E.
Published: October 2019

This paper reports the findings of search for probable hormone markers needed for diagnosis and choice of treatment strategy for patients with adrenal tumors without characteristic endocrine symptoms. Thirty women and 11 men with hormonally inactive tumors (HIT) and a control group matched for age and sex were examined. Steroid hormones were radioimmunoassayed. Tumor sizes varied from 1.3 to 10 cm according to ultrasonic examination, computer tomography, and results of surgery. The concentrations of the main steroid hormones and their precursors were virtually the same in patients with light-cell adenoma, HIT without morphological diagnosis, and controls. Some patients had high levels of corticosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfonate (DHEA-S), which indicates the presence of adrenal hormonally-active tumors which were not diagnosed by standard hormone analysis including measurements of hydrocortisone and aldosterone. These data necessitate addition of measurements of corticosterone, DHEA, and DHEA-S in the protocol of examination of patients with HIT.
Activities of membranebound proteinkinase c and red cell ATPases in diabetic angiopathy
Authors: Yefimov A. S. , Serghiyenko A. A. , Vorobets Z. D. , Serghiyenko L. M.
Published: October 2019

The activities of proteinkinase C, total, Mg2 and Na+, K+-dependent ATPases in red cell membranes were compared in 46 patients with insulin independent, 30 ones with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with various degrees of vascular disorders, and in 17 patients with atherosclerosis with the predominant involvement of the main vessels of the lower limbs. Diabetes mellitus and the progress of vascular disorders were associated with a more marked depression of proteinkinase C, total and Na+, K+-dependent ATPase activities, this being particularly characteristic of the patients with insulin-independent diabetes and macrovascular disorders, inhibited activities of proteinkinase C and ATPases in red cell membranes in the course of diabetic vascular disorders progress evidence their contribution to the pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy.
New Greek Medical Recipes
Authors: Zellmann-Rohrer Michael
Published: October 2019

Edition of a fragment of a collection of Greek medical recipes possibly from a book roll. The remains concern the preparation of a plaster for application to the face and other parts of the body. Ingredients include an unnamed substance sourced from Cappadocia.
Nuova edizione commentata di P.Stras. P. gr. 2340 La più antica antologia epigrammatica su papiro?
Authors: Floridi Lucia , Maltomini Francesca
Published: October 2019

New annotated critical edition of P.Strasb. P. gr. 2340 (beginning of the III century BC), probably containing the fragments of an anthology of Greek epigrams.
Mycenaean wo-ra-we-sa
Authors: Marcos Macedo José
Published: October 2019

The Mycenaean adjective wo-ra-we-sa refers to a chariot, but its meaning is not readily inferable form the context and its etymology is still disputed. The present paper examines the different hypotheses brought forward to explain wo-ra, of which wo-ra-we-sa is a derivative in *-u̯ent-, and it offers a new solution for its etymology. It argues that wo-ra is a feminine ā -stem action noun meaning “the twisted, braided, or plaited thing” which goes back either to *u̯ol(h1)-eh2- or to *u̯ṓ l(h1)-eh2-, from the root *u̯el(h1)- ‘to turn, wallow, roll’. Formally and semantically wo-ra may be shown to share the same root as alphabetic Greek εὐλή ‘maggot, caterpillar’ and Homeric εὔληρα ‘reins’ (Il. 23.481), being either a feminine action noun in the o-grade (/wolā /) built directly to the verbal root *u̯el(h1)- or a lengthened ō -grade (/wō lā /). Crucially, the ideogram *253 which follows [wo-]ra and wo-ra-e looks like a bosal, a type of noseband which is part of a bridle without bit. That being so, wo-ra-we-sa /wō̆lā wessa/ would mean ‘provided or fitted with a (braided or laced) bridle’.
Crystal structure of (dimethyl sulfoxide)-dioxido-[2-hydroxy-N′-(4-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-ylidene)benzohydrazidato κ3
N,O,O′]molybdenum(VI), C19H20MoN2O6S
Authors: Lo Kong Mun , Lee See Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: October 2019

C19H20MoN2O6S, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 13.4060(1) Å, b = 16.5112(1) Å, c = 17.6357(1) Å, V = 3903.65(4) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0217, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0602, T = 100(2) K.
Autonomic Nervous System Responses to Whole-Body Vibration and Mental Workload: A Pilot Study
Authors: Jalilian Hamed , Zamanian Zahra , Gorjizadeh Omid , Riaei Shahrzad , Monazzam Mohammad Reza , Abdoli-Eramaki Mohammad
Published: October 2019

Background: Whole-body vibration (WBV) and mental workload (MWL) are common stressors among drivers who attempt to control numerous variables while driving a car, bus, or train. Objective: To examine the individual and combined effects of the WBV and MWL on the autonomic nervous system. Methods: ECG of 24 healthy male students was recorded using NeXus-4 while performing two difficulty levels of a computerized dual task and when they were exposing to WBV (intensity 0.5 m/s2; frequency 3–20 Hz). Each condition was examined for 5 min individually and combined. Inter-beat intervals were extracted from ECG records. The time-domain and frequency-domain heart rate variability parameters were then extracted from the inter-beat intervals data. Results: A significant (p=0.008) increase was observed in the mean RR interval while the participants were exposed to WBV; there was a significant (p=0.02) reduction in the mean RR interval while the participants were performing the MWL. WBV (p=0.02) and MWL significantly (p<0.001) increased the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals with a moderate-to-large effect size. All active periods increased the low-frequency component and low-frequency/high-frequency ratio. However, only the WBV significantly increased the highfrequency component. A significant (p=0.01) interaction was observed between the WBV and MWL on low-frequency component and low-frequency/high-frequency ratio. Conclusion: Exposure to WBV and MWL can dysregulate the autonomic nervous system. WBV stimulates both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system; MWL largely affects sympathetic nervous system. Both variables imbalance the sympatho-vagal control as well.
Gimp Sue Gets the Girl: Disability in Twilight Fanfiction
Authors: Dreisinger Olivia
Published: October 2019

While many fan studies scholars have written about the Mary Sue through gender and sexuality, disability is often entirely overlooked.  I take up this gap in scholarship in the following paper, looking at the various intersections between disability and Twilight fanfiction. I look closely at two Disabled!Twilight fanfics written by disabled authors—LisbethsGirlfriend’s Forgive Me for Loving You, and The Plasma’s Coping with Change.  Through their respective fics, these disabled Mary Sues, or Gimp Sues, address issues of sex, disability, and coming out, questioning just who has the right to tell stories, and what stories get told.
Enabling/Disabling: Fanfiction and Disability Discourse
Authors: Clemons AmyLea
Published: October 2019

While fanfiction ostensibly provides a safe space to explore and challenge ideologies about any belief media texts reify, a review of fan studies literature shows little attention to disability from scholars in the field. This erasure seems odd, since Archive of Our Own, the fanfiction archive associated with the Organization for Transformative Works, lists “disability” in its list of “most popular” tags, and most fandoms include a significant body of texts that disable its characters (“Tags”). Blindness, deafness, injuries leading to mobility impairments, and other visible and invisible disabilities feature strongly as tropes in fanfictions themselves. Clearly fandom has something to do with disability of all kinds: physical, cognitive, and emotional.
Audit of Financial Reporting Documents: Analysis of Process of Determining Materiality
Authors: Jurkonienė Gerda , Stašaitytė Justina
Published: October 2019

During audit of the financial statements of companies, the auditors use a certain level of materiality to determine both the scope of the procedures and the impact of errors on the representation of the true and fair view of the financial statements. International auditing standards leave wide range of possibilities for interpretation of the materiality process, which often raises the question of how the auditor determines materiality. The purpose of the study is to analyze the materiality process and to create a model of the materiality determination process. Methods of information gathering, comparative analysis, critical evaluation, systematization and interpretation of scientific literature and normative acts of audit are used in this article. After analyzing the materiality determination process, it was found that the materiality process consists of four steps: assessment of determining factors of materiality thresholds, determination of planning materiality, determination of performance materiality and determination of clearly trivial misstatement. Based on the analyzed literature, a model of materiality determination process was developed.
O REFERENCIAL TEÓRICO DE BOURDIEU E AS CONDIÇÕES PARA SUA APRENDIZAGEM E UTILIZAÇÃO
Authors: Coradini Odaci Luiz
Published: October 2019

Neste artigo são expostos alguns fundamentos da abordagem e da concepção de ciências sociais de Bourdieu, para, com base nisso, apresentar os problemas mais frequentes nos esforços em sua aprendizagem e utilização. O argumento principal é o de que, se por um lado, o esquema analítico de Bourdieu pode representar um avanço para as ciências sociais, por outro lado, devido aos seus requerimentos quanto à aprendizagem e condições de exercício profissional, frente à situação brasileira, apresenta também novos desafios e dificuldades.
O PODER E O POLÍTICO NA TEORIA DOS CAMPOS
Authors: Pinto Céli Regina Jardim
Published: October 2019

O presente texto não pretende ser um artigo analítico sobre Bourdieu mas um ensaio escrito da perspectiva de uma cientista política sobre as possibilidades abertas pela teoria desenvolvida pelo sociólogo francês para o estudo dos fenômenos da política. Com este propósito trabalharei com as noções de campo e capitais.
Surgical Complications Associated to Maxillary Sinus Floor Elevation in Implantology
Authors: Quispe Damián DDS, MSc Deisy E. , Castro-Ruiz DDS, MSc Carmen T. , Mendoza Azpur DDS, MSc Gerardo
Published: October 2019

Maxillary sinus floor elevation has been extensively documented as a safe and predictable procedure for gaining vertical bone height in the atrophic posterior maxilla. Even though, complications have been reported, which can potentially jeopardize the outcome of the regeneration and implant therapy. Therefore, the purpose of this literature review is to present, debate and analyze the different complications that can occur during a sinus floor elevation.
Annette Scholz y Marta Álvarez (Eds.). Cineastas emergentes. Mujeres en el cine del siglo XXI. Madrid: Iberoamericana, 2018, 306 páginas
Authors: Carpio-Manickam María
Published: October 2019

Annette Scholz y Marta Álvarez (Eds.). Cineastas emergentes. Mujeres en el cine del siglo XXI. Madrid: Iberoamericana, 2018, 306 páginas
Nitraria komarovii Iljin & Lava ex Bobrov (Nitrariaceae), a new record for the flora of Kazakhstan
Authors: Tomoshevich Mariya Anatolyevna , Banaev Evgeny Viktorovich , Ak-Lama Taigana Ayasovna
Published: October 2019

Nitraria komarovii Iljin & Lava ex Bobrov is newly reported for the flora of Kazakhstan. The two new records extend the range of this species eastward from its previously known range in Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan. A full description of N. komarovii is given for the first time, along with illustrations, notes on its taxonomy, and a distribution map. Nitraria komarovii is most similar to N. schoberi L., but differs in its habit, narrower and longer, linear-spatulate, greenish-yellow leaves, which gradually narrow to the base, more subtle inflorescences, size of the stone, petal, stamen, and pistil, and color of the fruit.
Peramalan Kecepatan Angin yang Direkam oleh Sistem AWS dengan Analisis Fuzzy Time Series
Authors: Hakimi Fajar Darwis Dzikril , Anshori Moch. Noor Affan , Asyhar Ahmad Hanif
Published: October 2019

Kehidupan manusia tidak bisa dipisahkan dari faktor alam yang bernama cuaca. Salah satunya yaitu kecepatan angin. Angin mempunyai banyak manfaat bagi kehidupan manusia. Tetapi, angin juga bisa mempunyai dampak buruk bagi manusia. Untuk mengantisipasi dampak buruk yang ditimbulkan oleh angin, maka diperlukan peramalan kecepatan angin. Selain itu, adanya krisis energi global juga menyebabkan pengembangan energi terbarukan yang salah satunya adalah energi angin. Jurnal ini berisi tentang peramalan data kecepatan angin dengan analisis fuzzy time series. Hasil error peramalan dihitung dengan metode MSE dan didapat error sebesar 1,0909.
RANK DARI GRUP DIHEDRAL TIGA (D3) YANG BERAKSI ATAS X^((1))
Authors: Nurlaela Teuis Siti , Sukaesih Esih
Published: October 2019

Misalkan  adalah suatu grup dan  adalah bukan himpunan kosong, maka aksi dari  atas  adalah suatu pemetaan, dengan  dan terdapat  yang bersifat identitas dan asosiatif. Suatu rank dari grup aksi yaitu banyaknya orbit dari grup tersebut. Pada jurnal  ini akan ditunjukkan bahwa rank dari grup dihedral 3 ( ) yang beraksi atas  adalah .
Penerapan Hukum Mortalita Gompertz untuk Perhitungan Dana Tabarru’ dengan Metode Cost of Insurance
Authors: Hidayat Fauziah Noor , Cahyandari Rini , Awalluddin Asep Solih
Published: October 2019

Berdasarkan cara pengelolaan dananya, asuransi syari’ah dibedakan menjadi dua, asuransi dengan unsur tabungan dan asuransi tanpa unsur tabungan. Didalam asuransi tanpa unsur tabungan, dana yang diberikan oleh peserta asuransi akan dimasukkan ke dalam satu rekening saja, yaitu rekening tabarru’. Sehingga adanya ketidakjelasan dalam presentase dana tabarru’. Cost of Insurance merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam perhitungan dana tabarru’ yang terdiri dari beberapa komponen yaitu: tabel mortalita yang digunakan, asumsi hasil investasi (i) dan asumsi biaya pengelolaan ( ). Didalam penelitian ini dilakukan perhitungan tabel mortalita dengan Hukum Gompertz yang memperhitungan risiko karena faktor usia, didalam perhitungannya dibutuhkan data acak usia yang berdistribusi Gompertz. Tabel mortalita dengan Hukum Gompertz ini yang akan digunakan untuk perhitungan dana tabarru’. Penulis menggunakan ilustrasi dengan usia peserta 41 tahun, tingkat investasi sebesar 5%, dan biaya pengelolaan sebesar 30%. Didapatkan dana tabarru’ dengan menggunakan metode Cost of Insurance sebesar Rp. 156.762/bulan.
Bifurkasi pada Sistem Lorenz Modifikasi
Authors: Ilahi Fadilah , Lestari Asri Puji
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini membahas sistem Lorenz modifikasi yang  menggambarkan pergerakan angin di atmosfer yang mengalami turbulensi karena adanya perubahan temperatur yang dipengaruhi oleh intensitas gerak fluida, temperatur horizontal serta temperatur vertikal. Sistem ini memiliki tiga parameter real, yaitu parameter yang menentukan distribusi temperatur, nilai yang bergantung dengan keadaan geometri suatu fluida serta nilai perbedaan temperatur antara bagian atas dan bagian bawah lapisan. Analisis dinamik pada sistem ini menentukan titik ekuilibrium, nilai eigen serta menentukan kestabilan dari setiap titik ekuilibrium. Sistem ini memiliki dua titik ekuilibrium. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan diperoleh bahwa titik ekuilibrium yang pertama dinyatakan tidak stabil dan titik ekulibrium yang kedua stabil bersyarat. Untuk mengetahui bifurkasi dari sistem ini, diambil 27 kondisi dengan parameter yang berbeda-beda. Dengan mengambil 27 kondisi ini dapat dilihat perubahan kestabilannya. Karena adanya perubahan kestabilan, maka sistem ini termasuk bifurkasi transcritical. Limit cycle yang terbentuk adalah limit cycle stabil karena bagian luar dan dalam limit cycle mendekati limit cycle.
Anti-donor MHC Class II Alloantibody Induces Glomerular Injury in Mouse Renal Allografts Subjected to Prolonged Cold Ischemia
Authors: Gorbacheva Victoria , Fan Ran , Beavers Ashley , Fairchild Robert L. , Baldwin William M. , Valujskikh Anna
Published: October 2019

Significance Statement

Prolonged cold-ischemia storage of donor organs is a major risk factor for acute and chronic graft injury, but the immunologic mechanisms underlying deleterious effects of cold-ischemia time and subsequent ischemia-reperfusion injury are poorly defined. In a mouse model of allogeneic kidney transplantation, the authors found that subjecting donor kidneys to prolonged cold ischemia enhanced early humoral and cellular anti-donor immune responses. In particular, recipients generated donor-specific antibodies against MHC class II (but not class I) antigens and exhibited extensive transplant glomerulopathy. The results indicate that antibodies against donor MHC class II antigens are critical mediators of glomerular injury caused by prolonged cold ischemia. Establishing mechanistic links between cold-ischemia storage and late transplant tissue injury may guide future therapies to ameliorate manifestations of chronic kidney allograft rejection.

Background

The mechanisms underlying the effects of prolonged cold-ischemia storage on kidney allografts are poorly understood.

Methods

To investigate effects of cold ischemia on donor-reactive immune responses and graft pathology, we used a mouse kidney transplantation model that subjected MHC-mismatched BALB/c kidney allografts to cold-ischemia storage for 0.5 or 6 hours before transplant into C57BL/6 mice.

Results

At day 14 post-transplant, recipients of allografts subjected to 6 versus 0.5 hours of cold-ischemia storage had increased levels of anti–MHC class II (but not class I) donor-specific antibodies, increased donor-reactive T cells, and a significantly higher proportion of transplant glomeruli infiltrated with macrophages. By day 60 post-transplant, allografts with a 6 hour cold-ischemia time developed extensive glomerular injury compared with moderate pathology in allografts with 0.5 hour of cold-ischemia time. Pathology was associated with increased serum levels of anti–class 2 but not anti–class 1 donor-specific antibodies. Recipient B cell depletion abrogated early macrophage recruitment, suggesting augmented donor-specific antibodies, rather than T cells, increase glomerular pathology after prolonged cold ischemia. Lymphocyte sequestration with sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist FTY720 specifically inhibited anti–MHC class II antibody production and abrogated macrophage infiltration into glomeruli. Adoptive transfer of sera containing anti-donor MHC class II antibodies or mAbs against donor MHC class II restored early glomerular macrophage infiltration in FTY720-treated recipients.

Conclusions

Post-transplant inflammation augments generation of donor-specific antibodies against MHC class II antigens. Resulting MHC class II–reactive donor-specific antibodies are essential mediators of kidney allograft glomerular injury caused by prolonged cold ischemia.
Plant Infection with Xanthomonas Campestris Campestris v1
Authors: B. Cleo
Published: October 2019

Plant infection of three week old plants with Xanthomonas Campestris Campestris.
DNA Extraction from Filters using QIAgen DNeasy and QIAshredder v1
Authors: B Duhaime Melissa , Cable Rachel
Published: October 2019

From the Qiagen DNeasy Handbook (07/2006) http://www.qiagen.com/products/catalog/sample-technologies/dna-sample-technologies/genomic-dna/dneasy-blood-and-tissue-kit
Anthropogenic Pressure and Lifestyle are the Underlying Cause of Pandemic Chronic Diseases
Authors: Tsoukalas Dimitris , Sarandi Evangelia , Tsatsakis Aristides , Calina Daniela
Published: October 2019

Dramatic changes in the environment in recent decades have resulted in low-nutrient food and excessive intake of heavy metals and toxins through air, drinking water, and dietary habits. Non-communicable diseases (NCD), which are responsible for almost 70% of global deaths, are mainly caused by modifiable risk factors. These include behavioral and metabolic risk factors such as unhealthy diet, tobacco smoke and alcohol. Epigenetic factors have high attributable risks of 80% for most NCDs. Xenobiotics such as persistent organic pollutants, food additives and occupational toxicants, together with nutritional deficiencies, contribute to the development of chronic diseases. Precision medicine integrates the individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle of each person for the prevention and treatment of disease. Metabolomics, the quantitative and comprehensive evaluation of metabolites, has emerged as a novel and powerful tool in precision medicine. Analysis of metabolites gives precise data on nutritional deficiencies, metabolic imbalances, environmental toxins, and microbiome conditions and uncovers underlying genetic predispositions that can be modified through diet, lifestyle, supplements or medications. Critical signs of systemic dysfunction at the molecular level can be revealed years before clinical symptoms appear. Thus, through the assessment of the overall health status, early detection of diseases and intervention to restore these deficiencies is feasible. Lifestyle interventions to improve longevity and metabolic balance are being discussed
Early Assessment of Health Technologies
Authors: Shishatskiy Oleg N:
Published: October 2019

This article provides an analysis of current views on the assessment of health technologies at early stages of their development to create medical products and services that have additional value. Methods that can be used to assess the commercial effectiveness of medical products and services at early stages of their development and to compare them with potential competitors are described. The review may be useful to those who are involved in the development of new medical technologies and seek to increase the investment attractiveness of their proposals
Synthesis and Study of the Properties of Amphiphilic Poly-N-Vinylpyrrolidone with Terminal Thioalkyl Groups
Authors: Shtilman Mikhail I. , Kuskov Andrey N. , Kulikov Pavel P. , Luss Anna L. , Goryachaya Anastasia V. , Dzhedzheya Vazha T. , Tsatsakis Aristidis M.
Published: October 2019

Poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone-based amphiphilic polymers, which can be used as drug carriers, were prepared by radical polymerization with a thiol-type chain transfer agent. The polymers did not contain sequences of hydrophilic and hydrophobic fragments in the main chain. Molecules contained only one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic fragment linked by a covalent bond. This facilitated the self-organization of macromolecules into micelles in aqueous media. The critical micelle concentration and its dependence on the molecular weight of the diblock copolymers and the length of the hydrophobic radical were determined
Antimicrobial Activity of Biogenic Hop-Based Silver Nanoparticles for Application in Sugar and Alcohol Industries
Authors: Castro Borsari Thais , Germano-Costa Tais , Bilesky-Jose Natalia , Fraceto Leonardo F. , Lima Renata
Published: October 2019

One of the largest problems in the sugar and alcohol industry is the presence of unwanted bacteria, which leads to a decrease in alcohol production. This work presents a possible way to control these undesirable bacteria using silver biogenic nanoparticles synthesized from hops. The research was aimed at synthesizing nanoparticles and evaluating their physical and chemical characteristics, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic potential. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Humulus lupulus L. extract and silver nitrate solution (10-3 M). To evaluate the size and polydispersity, the dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique was used. The zeta potential and concentration of nanoparticles were assessed by microelectrophoresis and the nanoparticle tracing (NTA) technique, respectively. The analysis of the antimicrobial activity was performed by the disc diffusion test and by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against gram-positive bacteria. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the mitochondrial activity assay (MTT). The biogenic nanoparticles were shown to have bactericidal activity and the appropriate characteristics. Regarding the activity, the results showed that the nanoparticles obtained at pH 7 (with 5% hop flower extract) inhibited all tested bacteria at concentrations of 2.1 to 4.3 × 109 NP/mL, and the nanoparticles obtained at pH 8 (with 20% hop flower extract) inhibited the tested bacteria at concentrations of 4.8 to 6.0 × 109 NPs/mL, which means that the former presented higher potential bactericidal activity. Regarding cytotoxicity, nanoparticles of both types showed a low cell death index, and the cell viability was above 70%. Hops served as an effective stabilizing and reducing agent. The nanoparticles were effective in bacterial control and did not show cytotoxicity
Influence of water-soluble nonionic polymers adsorption on colloidal properties of nanosilica dispersions
Authors: Goncharuk Olena V. , Malysheva Maria L. , Terpilowski Konrad , Pérez Huertas Salvador , Gun’ko Volodymyr M.
Published: October 2019

The relationships between the adsorption of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) of various molecular weights onto nanosilica and the stability and rheological properties of the aqueous dispersions were analyzed. The adsorption isotherms for the polymers correspond to the Langmuir-type isotherms. The adsorption maximum slightly increases with increasing molecular weight of the polymers. The sedimentation and aggregative stability of the silica dispersion decreased at a low amount of an adsorbed polymer (less than a monolayer). At this polymer content, a significant increase in the viscosity of dispersions is observed due to the formation of polymeric bridges between silica nanoparticles from neighboring aggregates of them. If the amount of adsorbed polymer exceeds the monolayer then the stabilizing effect is observed due to the steric factor preventing the bridge formation and the viscosity of dispersion decreases slightly compared with systems with a low polymer content.
Onland and Offshore Extrinsic Fabry–Pérot Optical Seismometer at the End of a Long Fiber
Authors: Bernard Pascal , Feron Romain , Plantier Guy , Nercessian Alexandre , Couteau Julien , Sourice Anthony , Feuilloy Mathieu , Cattoen Michel , Seat Han‐Cheng , Chawah Patrick , Chéry Jean , Brunet Christophe , Boudin Frédérick , Boyer Daniel , Gaffet Stéphane , Geli Louis , Pelleau Pascal
Published: October 2019

We report here the design, performance, and in situ demonstration, on‐land and offshore, of an innovative high‐resolution low‐cost optical (laser) seismometer. The instrument was developed within the Laser Interferometry for Earth Strain project (French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR] program), and first tested at the low‐noise underground laboratory Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit (LSBB, France). It is based on Fabry–Pérot optical interferometry between the extremity of a probing optical fiber and a reflecting mirror secured to the mobile mass of a passive 2 Hz geophone. The detection technique is based on the wavelength modulation of the laser diode (1310 nm), which allows the separation of the optical power into two signals in quadrature, thanks to an heterodyne technique. The relative displacement of the mobile mass is retrieved in real time by the phase unwrapping of these two signals. At LSBB, the fiber was 3 km long. It recorded many teleseismic earthquakes and a few regional ones, and resolves the low‐seismic noise of the Earth for periods up to 6 s, presenting an acceleration noise floor lower than 1  ng/Hz in the 0.3–5 Hz range. A three‐component version of this fiber‐based interferometric 2 Hz geophone has been recently constructed, shielded in a hyperbaric container, and installed offshore for test in Brittany (France) in April 2018, with an improved control system. Its record of the marine ambient noise matches those of a collocated commercial broadband seismometer for periods up to 50 s. This opens promising perspectives for large‐scale ocean bottom instrumentation with up to 50‐kilometer‐long optical lines; an installation is planned for 2020, off Guadeloupe, with a 5‐kilometer‐long fiber cable. It may also prove useful for installations in other challenging and exposed environments, such as deep hot boreholes, active volcanoes, unstable landslides, for real‐time monitoring in regions with high natural hazard, but also for seismic monitoring of geoindustries.
Seismic Intensity Attenuation for Intraplate Earthquakes in Brazil with the Re‐Evaluation of Historical Seismicity
Authors: Quadros Lúcio , Assumpção Marcelo , Trindade de Souza Ana Paula
Published: October 2019

Intensity evaluation attempts to quantify a qualitative description of the effects observed in an earthquake ranked in terms of how strong it was felt and the amount of damage. Despite its qualitative nature, intensity data are essential to study both historical and recent earthquakes such as in earthquake hazard studies and in which dense accelerometric data are missing. The magnitude of historical earthquakes in Brazil has been determined with relations involving magnitude and felt area. Intensity attenuation equations (decay of intensity as a function of magnitude, depth, and distance) determined in other regions of the world are intrinsically dependent on the crustal tectonic characteristics and cannot be applied to Brazil without proper evaluation. We determined an intensity attenuation equation using 20 earthquakes in Brazil and neighboring intraplate areas, in the magnitude range mb 3.5–6.2 and hypocentral distances up to 720 km.

The best attenuation model was I=0.995M−1.505logR−0.00116R+2.08 (standard deviation = 0.778), in which M is the magnitude (mb) and R is the hypocentral distance (in kilometers). The uncertainties of the estimated magnitudes using this equation are around mb±0.72 for events with 30 or more intensity points.

We tested the new equation with intensity data from two important events: the 1939 offshore earthquake (mb 6) in southern Brazil and the 2018 Venezuela earthquake (mb 6.9). The fit was reasonable for both earthquakes, with a root mean square residual of 1.0 and 1.1 intensity units, respectively.

We also re‐evaluated the 1861 earthquake in southeast Brazil. The new epicenter was 23.1° S 44.7° W with a magnitude of mb 5. The epicenter was located onshore, but the estimated uncertainties include a large offshore region. Given that, the location of the 1861 event remains uncertain.
Identification of Microbes Associated with the Urethra during Health and Inflammation
Authors: Alessi Jonathan , Farrell Rowan , Toh Evelyn , Zhang Xiaoli , Nelson David E. , Jordan Stephen J.
Published: October 2019

The number of cases of urethritis, or inflammation of the male urethra, in the US has been estimated to be 2.8 million each year in the United States.1 It is the most common reason young men seek primary care and this syndrome is associated with acute proctitis, epididymitis, and orchitis.2 Approximately half of the cases are idiopathic, meaning that a causative agent cannot be identified. The goal of my project is to identify and characterize novel microorganisms that may be associated with male idiopathic urethritis. We used a variety of approaches to cultivate microorganisms from archived urethral swabs collected from men with idiopathic urethritis and healthy controls. We defined the phylogeny of the isolates using 16S rRNA sequencing to identify organisms that are not presently represented in microbial databases. Currently, we are scaling up a number of novel taxa we identified for genome sequencing. By adding these new genome sequencing to the existing databases we will be able to assign a higher proportion of reads from corresponding metagenomic sequence data and achieve a more complete survey of the male urethral microbiota in health and urethritis. This will provide crucial information which may permit us to identify urethritis associated organisms, develop new molecular diagnostics for these organisms, and discern if how these organisms are sexually transmitted
References 1. Brill JR. Diagnosis and treatment of urethritis in men. Am Fam Physician 2010; 81:873–8. 2. Bachmann LH, Manhart LE, Martin DH, Sena AC, Dimitrakoff J, Jensen JS, et al. Advances in the Understanding and Treatment of Male Urethritis. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61 Suppl 8:S763–S9.
Is sedentary behavior associated with dysglycemia in youth with obesity?
Authors: Alvarez de Sotomayor, BS Alan , El-Mikati, MD Hala , Yazel-Smith, MS, MCHES Lisa , Hannon, MD, MS Tamara
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: The childhood obesity epidemic is linked with an increase in dysglycemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D) amongst youth.i Adolescence is associated with decreased levels of physical activityii, however, there is a paucity of research investigating physical activity measures and dysglycemia in youth. We hypothesize that decreased physical activity and/or increased sitting time is positively correlated with dysglycemia.
Project Methods: Study participants were youth aged 10-21y with a BMI >85th percentile for age and gender. Accelerometers (activPAL) and the FELS Physical Activity Questionnaire (FELS PAQ) were used to assess objective and selfreported physical activity levels. Glucose tolerance was assessed with 2-hour oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). Independent t-tests were used to compare physical activity levels for participants with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and dysglycemia. Correlation analysis was performed to evaluate relationships between measures of physical activity and OGTT measures.
Results: Participants with NGT (N=27) and dysglycemia (N=26) had comparable demographics; age, race, and ethnicity. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (p =0.002), average fasting glucose (p<0.00), indices of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p=.023), insulin secretion (disposition index, DI, a marker of risk for T2D) (p=.008), 2-hour-OGTT measures for glucose (p=.004) and insulin (p=.002) differed between groups. There were not group differences for objective or selfreported measures of physical activity. For the entire cohort, sitting time was positively associated with OGTT 2hr glucose (r=.38, p=.03). However, a subgroup analysis showed that the association between sitting time and OGTT 2hr glucose was significant in the dysglycemia group only (r =.64, p=.006, vs r =.016, p=.95 for NGT group). Self-reported measures of activity (Likert scores) and OGTT measures for insulin and glucose were positively correlated. 
Conclusion and Potential Impact: Increased sitting time is associated with impaired glucose tolerance in youth with obesity at risk for T2D.
iVan der Aa MP, Fazeli Farsani S, Knibbe CA, de Boer A, van der Vorst MM. Population-Based Studies on the Epidemiology of Insulin Resistance in Children. J Diabetes Res. 2015;2015:362375.
iiDumith SC, Gigante DP, Domingues MR, Kohl HW. Physical activity change during adolescence: a systematic review and a pooled analysis. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2011;40(3):685-98.
The effects of NK cells and drug combination therapy on glioblastoma tumor growth
Authors: Anderson Matthew , Liu Jianyun , Yun Yeonhee , Smiley Shelby , Veronesi Michael
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Glioblastoma (GB) is an aggressive primary brain malignancy with a mean survival time of 15-16 months. Initial therapy is limited to surgery, radiation and temozolamide (TMZ) chemotherapy with up to seventy percent of GBs recurring in the first year and only five percent of patients still alive after five years. A reason these tumors are difficult to treat is the effect that the GB tumor microenvironment has on recurrence. One major cell type in this microenvironment is GB cancer stem cells and these cells play a major role in recurrence of the GB tumor. Our approach is that if we reduced tumor volume with the standard of care and treat with NK-cell based treatment and combination drug therapy we can improve the remission and prognosis of GB tumors.
Experimental Design or Project Methods: To explore the killing potential of NK cells as well as combination drug treatment we set up a caspase assay that would indicate DNA damage and cell health. We set up in a 96-well plate with GB43 or Cancer stem cells with increasing consideration of either drug over 72 hours or NK cells over 48 hours. After we create, dose curves to find LD50 of both Cell based and drug based treatment.
Results: We are still assessing the cell-based therapy and calculating LD50 for both treatments. However, we have found that in the drug based combination therapy we were able to show that paclitaxel and RG3788 both alone and in combination with the standard of care,TMZ, showed significantly reduced GB43 cell viability as concentration increased at the 72 hour time point. However, cancer stem cell remain at around 80% viability across all drug combinations and concentrations.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: In conclusion at this point these data indicate that GB43 with the standard of care TMZ in combination with paclitaxel and RG3788 have the ability to kill cells in vitro. Moving forward we plan to package paclitaxel and RG3788 in nanoparticles for more efficient targeting of cells to target tumors. In addition, we plan to create lethal dose curves for NK cells and control neuronal cell tissue to better assess drug toxicity and efficacy.
PedsQL for Prediction of Postoperative Patient-Reported Outcomes following Chiari Decompression Surgery
Authors: Baygani, BS Shawyon , Zieles,BS Kristin , Jea, MD, MHA Andrew
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) is a common pediatric disorder in which the cerebellar tonsils herniate the foramen magnum with associated spinal symptoms. The purpose of this study is to determine if the preoperative Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) score is predictive of intermediate-term PedsQL outcomes following Chiari decompression surgery. The utility of preoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to postoperative PROs has been previously demonstrated in adult spine surgery. However, to our knowledge, there is currently no widely accepted tool to predict short-, intermediate-, or long-term outcomes after pediatric Chiari decompression surgery.
Project Methods: A prospectively maintained database was retrospectively reviewed. Patients who underwent first-time decompression for symptomatic Chiari malformation were identified and grouped by their preoperative PedsQL scores: mild disability (score 80–100), moderate disability (score 60–80); and severe disability (score < 60). PedsQL outcomes were collected at 6-week, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up. Preoperative PedsQL subgroups were tested for an association with demographic, perioperative characteristics, and improvements between groups by one-way ANOVA, chi-square, or Wilcoxon signed rank test, where appropriate.
Results: The postoperative patient- and parent-reported PedsQL values were significantly different between all three groups at 6-weeks, 3-months, and 6-months after surgery (p < 0.05), except at the 6-month timepoint for parent-reported outcomes (p = 0.111). Patients with higher preoperative disability demonstrated statistically significant greater improvements (compared to preoperative score) in parent-reported PedsQL at all timepoints after surgery, except at the 6-month parent-reported outcomes (p = 0.133).
Conclusion: Patients with worse preoperative disability, as assessed by PedsQL, experienced lower absolute PedsQL scores at all timepoints after surgery but had greater improvement in short- and intermediate-term PROs. We conclude that PedsQL is an efficient and accurate tool that can quickly assess patient disability in the preoperative period and predict both short-term and long-term surgical outcomes.
Validation of a Postoperative Delirium Prediction Model
Authors: Biju, B.S. Ashok , Khan, M.D. M.S. Babar , Lindroth, Ph.D. R.N Heidi .
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: A prediction model utilizing the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program risk calculator for serious complications (NSQIPSC) and measures of cognitive function has been demonstrated to predict postoperative delirium incidence and severity in patients after non-cardiac surgery. The next step is to test this model’s generalizability by validating in different patient populations and evaluating the robustness of the model with and without parameters of cognition. We hypothesized that the prediction model would still function in predicting postoperative delirium in patients undergoing major thoracic surgery.
Experimental Design or Project Methods: A secondary data analysis of a randomized clinical trial involving 135 individuals who underwent major thoracic surgery from October 2013 to June 2015 was done. Delirium incidence and severity were tracked postoperatively through the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) and the Delirium Rating Scale-R-98 (DRS), respectively. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) was used to assess preoperative cognition. Linear regressions and specificity/sensitivity calculations were performed to evaluate the model.
Results: One hundred and thirty-two patients with a mean age of 59±13 years, 33/132 CAM-ICU+, and a mean DRS peak of 3.12±3.43 were analyzed. Linear regression of NSQIP-SC scores moderately predicted delirium severity (P<0.001, Adjusted R2: 0.28). Addition of a cognitive measure did not significantly improve the model (P<0.001, Adjusted R2: 0.29). NSQIP-SC moderately predicted delirium incidence (sensitivity: 60.61%, specificity: 68.69%, AUROC: 0.73). Addition of a cognitive measure (sensitivity: 61.54%, specificity: 68.69%, AUROC: 0.73) did not significantly improve the model.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: NSQIP-SC was a predictor variable for delirium incidence and severity. Addition of a cognitive measure did not have any appreciable effect on the prediction model. Further expanding the scope of the model can grant clinicians a tool to identify patients at risk for developing postoperative delirium.
Alcohol Induced Oxidative Stress leads to Blood Brain Barrier Dysfunction in an IPSC-derived Model
Authors: Borman Wesley , Bell Kameron , Hughes Jason , Canfield, PhD Scott G.
Published: October 2019

Background: The NIH states that 6.2% of adults in the U.S. are diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder. Previous animal studies have indicated that ethanol can lead to dysfunction in the blood brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is critical in maintaining homeostasis between the vasculature and the brain parenchyma. The mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced barrier breakdown are relatively unclear. Utilizing a human derived BBB model we investigated the cellular effects of ethanol on several critical barrier properties. We hypothesized that human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) produced excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to increased ethanol metabolism and ultimately contributes to a leaky BBB.
Designs/Methods: iPSC-derived BMECs were exposed to ethanol (10, 50, 100 mM) for one hour and barrier integrity was monitored with trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and sodium fluorescein permeability assays. A DCFDA assay kit monitored ROS. To determine the role of ethanol metabolism, BMECs were treated with 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP), an ethanol metabolism inhibitor, and Trolox, a ROS scavenger. Finally, we determined the role of alcohol-induced ROS on barrier integrity in the presence of 4-MP and/or Trolox.
Results: iPSC-derived BMECs exposed to ethanol (50 and 100 mM) had a significant reduction in TEER indicative of an impaired BBB. BMECs exposed to ethanol showed an increase in DCFDA fluorescence indicating an increase in ROS production. When BMECs were treated with 4-MP or Trolox, alcohol-induced ROS production was decreased.
Potential Impact: Recent studies indicate that dysregulation of the BBB could be associated with the pathogenesis of neurological and psychiatric disorders. With such a high prevalence of alcohol consumption in the U.S. a significant portion of the population could be at a higher risk of developing a neurodegenerative disease. Determination of the underlying cellular mechanisms responsible for alcohol-induced barrier damage could potentially contribute to therapeutic interventions.
Mind the Gaps: Facilitators and Barriers to Behavioral Change Related to Infant Mortality Rate
Authors: Chiang Jessica , Roth Sarah , Griffin Wilma , DeChant Paige , Litzelman Debra
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Marion County suffers from stark racial disparities in infant mortality rate (IMR) with black babies experiencing an IMR of 11.6 and white babies 4.5, to culminate at a state average of 7.3. Since 2016, WeCare Indiana has worked to reduce the IMR in Central Indiana by connecting pregnant, post-partum, and childbearing age women with Community Health Workers (CHW) and community organizations that help with areas including but not limited to baby supplies, housing, and food insecurity. The goal of this research was to identify factors that promote changes in behaviors in WeCare clients as well as barriers to behavior modification in relation to the five pillars of the WeCare program: food insecurity, mental health, smoking, breastfeeding, and safe sleep.
Experimental Design or Project Methods: Qualitative analysis of unstructured CHW follow-up notes from 2016 to 2018 of 1775 WeCare clients from mostly 13 highest risk zip codes for IM in Central Indiana was completed using keyword searches and clustering narrative entries into themes associated with the apriori areas of behavioral change.
Results: Several key influencers of behavioral change were identified: (1) CHW dissemination of eligibility information about WIC, (2) CHW referral of clients to behavioral health resources, and (3) Pack n Play resources bundled with Safe Sleep class. Persistent barriers to positive behavioral change included: (1) lack of transportation to food resources, (2) unmanaged stress propagating substance use and smoking, (3) employment interfering with breastfeeding, and (4) lack of Safe Sleep education for all caretakers.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: Next steps include sharing qualitative findings with CHW to reinforce positive behavioral change as well as investigating solutions for the barriers that prevent change within the five pillars of WeCare Indiana. Data from this study will be used to help interpret the calculated behavioral change scores relative to baseline measures that were found from quantitative analysis.