bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Instructors Experiences with Team Working in Clinical Education: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Hazrati Hakimeh , Bigdeli Shoaleh , Soltani Arabshahi Seyed Kamran , Behshid Mozhgan
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the experience of clinical instructors on team working in clinical education as a step towards promoting learners’ professionalism in a healthy educational atmosphere. Methods: In this qualitative study, data were collected through semi-structured interviews and observation. The participants were 20 clinical instructors, 8 medical student and 5 medical working staffs in multiple Iranian medical universities. Data were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman conventional content analysis. Results: The analysis showed three main categories. First category was "clinical education as the manifestation of team working" included "strategies to internalize team working in clinical education", "duties of instructors as the leaders of clinical education team", and "the requirements of a successful team working". The second category was "communicative skills as the heart of successful team working" included "successful team working requires good communication", "facilitators of establishing a constructive relationship between educator and students in clinical education team", "Facilitators of patient participation in clinical education as a member of education team", "preventive factors of effective relationship between clinical team members", "ethical norms in establishing rapport between learners and clinical instructors in a team" and the third category was "the outcomes of team work-based clinical education included "promoted psychological security of learners", "promoted cognitive and decision-making skills", and "increased commitment and accountability of learners". Conclusion: By empowering instructors, we can overcome individualism because values and cultures are transmitted primarily through role modeling. Educational planners must adopt goals based on teamwork so that learners feel a sense of interdependence and internalize the team spirit.
Assessment of the pterygoid hamulus dimensions and morphology in Iranian women using cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Mahdavi Zahra , Hafezi Ladan
Published: December 2024

Background. Understanding the characteristics of the pterygoid hamulus (PH) is crucial for diagnosing and treating various oropharyngeal and craniofacial conditions. It also aids in interpreting radiographs and diagnosing unexplained oropharyngeal pains. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a valuable tool, offering clinical insights into this previously understudied area. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the morphology and dimensions of the PH and its changes by ageing in 20-40-year-old women in the Dental Branch of Islamic Azad University of Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on CBCT scans from 258 women aged 20-40. The morphology, length, width, and angle of the PH in coronal and sagittal planes were investigated. Results. The average length of the right and left hamulus was 5.50±1.37 and 5.37±1.36 mm. The average width of the right and left hamulus was 2.16±0.72 and 2.11±1.06 mm. The average coronal angle of the right and left hamulus was 22.3±9.79° and 30.16±8.99°. The average sagittal angle of the right and left hamulus was 26.11±7.26° and 26.34±7.63°. In contrast with the sagittal angle, the right and left hamulus’s length, width, and coronal angles were not symmetrical. Slender morphology was the most frequent morphology, and it was symmetrical only in the 20-30-year-old age group. Finally, no variable was affected by ageing. Conclusion. Hamulus dimensions and morphology did not change with ageing in women aged 20-40. The PH symmetry varied by age group. Also, CBCT was a suitable tool for investigating hamulus changes.
Determination of cervical vertebral maturation using machine learning in lateral cephalograms
Authors: Kavousinejad Shahab , Ebadifar Asghar , Tehranchi Azita , Zakermashhadi Farzan , Dalaie Kazem
Published: December 2024

Background. The accurate timing of growth modification treatments is crucial for optimal results in orthodontics. However, traditional methods for assessing growth status, such as hand-wrist radiographs and subjective interpretation of lateral cephalograms, have limitations. This study aimed to develop a semi-automated approach using machine learning based on cervical vertebral dimensions (CVD) for determining skeletal maturation status. Methods. A dataset comprising 980 lateral cephalograms was collected from the Department of Orthodontics, Shahid Beheshti Dental School in Tehran, Iran. Eight landmarks representing the corners of the third and fourth cervical vertebrae were selected. A ratio-based approach was employed to compute the values of C3 and C4, accompanied by the implementation of an auto_error_reduction (AER) function to enhance the accuracy of landmark selection. Linear distances and ratios were measured using the dedicated software. A novel data augmentation technique was applied to expand the dataset. Subsequently, a stacking model was developed, trained on the augmented dataset, and evaluated using a separate test set of 196 cephalograms. Results. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 99.49% and demonstrated a loss of 0.003 on the test set. Conclusion. By employing feature engineering, simplified landmark selection, AER function, data augmentation, and eliminating gender and age features, a model was developed for accurate assessment of skeletal maturation for clinical applications.
Effect of attachment type and implant position on the retention of mandibular implant-supported overdentures
Authors: Saadati Alireza , Taghavi-Damghani Farnaz , Tavakolizadeh Sara , Hadi Alireza
Published: December 2024

Background. In implant-supported overdentures increase in the number of implants improves the retention and stability of the overdentures. A direct correlation exists between prosthesis retention and patient satisfaction. Therefore, this experimental study assessed the effect of attachment type and implant position on the retention of mandibular implant-supported overdentures. Methods. A transparent acrylic resin model of the mandible was fabricated, and dental implants were positioned at the first molar area (position 6), between the lateral incisor and canine teeth (positions B and D), and first premolars (positions A and E) bilaterally. Novaloc attachments (strong, medium, and light retentive caps) were used with ABDE, 6AE6, and 6BD6 implant positions. A Dolder bar attachment was also used with the ABDE implant position. Overdenture retention was measured under vertical loading, and the maximum dislodging force (MDF) was recorded. Data were analyzed by two-way and one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (α=0.05). Results. The effects of attachment type and implant position [except for ABDE and 6AE6 with light retention insert (P=0.49), and 6AE6 and 6BD6 with strong retention insert (P=0.48)], and their interaction effect were significant on MDF (P<0.01). The highest retention was recorded for bar attachment (65.15 N), with the lowest for Novaloc attachment with light retention insert at ABDE implant position (11.97 N). Conclusion. With Novaloc attachments, minimum retention was recorded in ABDE, and maximum retention was recorded in the 6BD6 implant position due to the increased distance between attachments. The strong insert showed the highest retention value, which confirmed the manufacturer’s claim. Maximum retention was recorded with the bar and clip attachment.
CATEGORY «EQUALITY» IN ASSESSMENT EFFECTIVENESS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS IN THE FIELD YOUTH POLICY
Authors: Gruzdev Vladislav V. , Gruzdeva Maria L.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses issues of state youth policy in Russia in the context of ongoing “new wars”. Noting the importance of the category “equality” in the ideas of modern youth about what is proper and right, the correlation of this concept with the principles of implementation of state youth policy and its goals is determined. It is proposed to consider the effectiveness of youth policy taking into account its assessment in relation to the category of “equality” as the principle and goal of this policy. In connection with the instability and vulnerability of the actual side of equality, the conclusion is substantiated that the analysis of the category “equality” must also be carried out in relation to the real behavior of subjects in which the implementation and implementation of legal norms takes place – in relation to the key stages of legal regulation, to the deployment legal relations. This methodological approach will allow obtaining a real picture of the legal component of youth policy at the stage of the process of its implementation, including the result of a set of measures for its implementation. Accordingly, verification of the actual performance of state youth policy measures according to the criterion of ensuring equality of opportunity can be carried out by receiving feedback – studying the attitude of young people to these mechanisms. With this approach, we will be faced with a fairly objective situation (as far as it can be in the context of the action of many social regulators), expressed not only in the possible (allowed) behaviour of a person belonging to the socio-demographic group of young people stipulated by the legal norm in satisfying their legitimate interests in development and self-realisation guaranteed by objective law, but also the direct realisation of rights in this area through their implementation. In turn, the analysis carried out at this level will allow assessing, firstly, the degree of equal access of youth, young families, youth public associations to appropriate measures of state support as the currently existing reality of the implementation of the principle of youth policy; secondly, the effectiveness of the implementation of youth policy in terms of ensuring equal conditions for the spiritual, cultural, intellectual, mental, professional, social and physical development and self-realisation of youth as one of the goals of youth policy and, to a certain extent, as a value of the legal form as a whole.
THE VALUE ATTITUDE OF WORKERS TO THE CODEPENDENT CATEGORIES OF “LABOUR” AND “POWER” IN 1950–1980: BEHAVIOURAL PATTERNS AND EMOTIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF THE POPULATION
Authors: Stoletova Anna S.
Published: December 2024

The article analyses the correlation between the categories “labour” and “political power” in the prism of public consciousness of the Russian industrial society of the 1950s-80s on the material of archival sources and documents of the periodical press, many of which have been introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The text reflects the problem of disintegration of the lower segment and the management apparatus of enterprises based on socio-economic and political private-ownership imbalance, labelled by public strains as anti-Soviet way of life associated with malpractice. The author comments on the circumstances of refraction of the basic traits of diligence and patience cultivated by the authorities through ideological concepts. The author concludes that during the period and especially acutely by the 1980s, due to the isolation of economic and managerial overproduction personnel, the collectives of ordinary workers matured rejection and distrust of the authorities, and the progression of operations to rethink the attitude to labour was recorded. The consequence of this process was metamorphosis of world outlook, various deviations in the way of working everyday life and social practices of the representatives of national economic complexes.
IDENTIFYING PRINCE VASILY OF KOSTROMA IN «THE TALE OF ICON OF THE MOTHER OF GOD DEDICATED TO SAINT THEODORE STRATELATES, ITS APPEARANCE AND MIRACLES»
Authors: Kashin Dmitry Iv.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to a question that has for a long time confused researchers of «The tale of Icon of the Mother of God dedicated to Saint Theodore Stratelates, its appearance and miracles», a literary monument of the 17th - 18th centuries: which Kostroma prince was named Vasily, as it was him who, according to the Tale, discovered the image of the Mother of God on the branches of a tree near Kostroma city and then supervised the bringing of the icon to Kostroma. In the most famous and widespread edition of the Tale, called the extended one, this prince is called the Grand Prince Vasily Georgieyvich Kvashnya, the grandson of Alexander Nevsky; however, the only Kostroma prince named Vasily known to us is Vasily Yaroslavich, the younger brother of Alexander Nevsky (1241-1276). The article examines the opinions of researchers of the 1st half of the 18th century on this matter: the unknown author of the “Notice of the Grand Prince Vasily of Kostromaˮ of 1719, as well as Leontiy (secular name Luka Pavlov), the hegumen of the Monastery dedicated to Macarius of the Yellow Water Lake and the Unzha, who is now considered to be the author of Kostroma hagiography of Saint Prince George II of Vladimir and the “News of the years in which the icon of the Most Holy Theotokos dedicated to St Theodor appeared in Kostromaˮ. An explanation is offered for the appearance of the patronymic “Georgiyevichˮ in the extended edition of the Tale: its author, Theodor, the archpriest of the Assumption Cathedral of Kostroma Kremlin, actually mixed up the personalities of two brothers, princes, the glorified saint Georgiy Vsevolodovich and Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, and he considered the names Yaroslav and Georgiy to be the family and baptismal names of the same Grand Prince, the parent of Vasily Yaroslavich.
MUNICIPAL ACTIVITY OF A RUSSIAN IMPERIAL DISTRICT CENTRE IN 1870–1914 (in terms of the town of Danilov, Yaroslavl Province)
Authors: Ierusalimskyi Yuriy Yu. , Punevsky Yaroslav V.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the main directions of municipal activity of a Russian district town in 1870-1914. The study is carried out in terms of a uezd – district – centre of that time, namely the town of Danilov, Yaroslavl Province. The authors examine the state of the town budget, determine its financial capacity to solve everyday problems, establish the degree of burdening the said budget with non-municipal expenditures, the level of spending on socio-cultural needs and improvement of the town. Specific activities of Danilov town’s self-government bodies in the sphere of public charity, healthcare, epidemics prevention, public welfare, external improvement of the town are studied taking into account both achievements and unfulfilled initiatives with the latter due to the refusal to allocate funds. Problems in the development of the social sphere of the town’s government are identified in the paper. What the paper notes as conclusions is the fat of limitedness of financial capacity of Danilov town’s government; however, it was in a more favourable position in some respects than other municipalities in the province. This was mainly manifested in the small financial sums that went to the maintenance of government offices and police. The individual achievements of Danilov town’s council (the so-called local Duma) in their practical activities are revealed. However, the authors consider the general development of municipal activities in the period under study to be at an insufficiently high level, if not at an incipient one.
AESTHETIC CONCEPT OF BORIS DYSHLENKO
Authors: Tyuleneva Еlena М.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the aesthetic ideas of Boris Dyshlenko that shape his approach to text and his authorial poetics. Boris Dyshlenko’s essays, speeches and interviews are analysed with using works of art from different periods of his career to illustrate theses. The article characterises the connection between Boris Dyshlenko’s conceptual principles and general humanitarian tendencies of the last quarter of the 20th century; we define the range of aesthetic and ideological influences, including the inner circle of influences (taking into account the long-term intellectual cocreation of Boris Dyshlenko with his elder brother Yuriy Dyshlenko), and we identify a set of aesthetic concepts that allow us describing Boris Dyshlenko’s specific writing methodology (threshold optics, pictorial/plastic thinking, “image of image”, grammar and morphology of image, ornamentality, suspense, reader tension). The conclusion is made about the formation by Boris Dyshlenko of an aesthetically homogeneous supertext, based on the ideas of “capturing the becoming object” as the main task of the text; “threshold” as a narrative principle of text organisation; “image of image” as a mechanism for creating text space.
Importance Increasing Attendance Efficiency Accuracy with Presence System in Era Industrial Revolution 4.0
Authors: Hartono Tri , Henry Bintang Nandana , Nurm Sirje , Pasha Lukita , Julianingsih Dwi
Published: December 2024

Employee attendance management systems have become a major focus of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era due to their significant role in increasing organizational productivity and performance. This study demonstrates the importance of the SmartPLS methodology in analyzing the impact of IoT based attendance technology and big data analytics on the efficiency and accuracy of employee attendance. Both the assessments reviewed show that the use of IoT based attendance technology and the implementation of big data analytics systems have a significant positive impact on the efficiency and accuracy of employee attendance. IoT based attendance technology enables real-time attendance data collection with high accuracy, while big data analytics enables organizations to derive valuable insights from the large volume of collected attendance data. These findings provide a better understanding of the contribution of technology in increasing organizational productivity and performance in today digital age. This study provides valuable insights for business professionals and academics to develop adaptive and effective attendance management strategies. Using IoT based attendance technology and big data analytics, organizations can improve operational efficiency, increase payroll accuracy, and optimize overall human resource utilization. Furthermore, the study also highlights the importance of adapting and innovating in the face of technological developments. By incorporating knowledge of the latest technology and industry trends, organizations can continuously enhance their attendance management strategies to remain relevant and competitive in the ever changing business environment.
О моделях поддержки принятия решений в оборонно-промышленном комплексе
Authors: Ерешко Ф.И. , Шевченко В.В.
Published: December 2024

В работе рассматриваются вопросы поддержки принятия решений в оборонно-промышленном комплексе России (ОПК). Анализируются структура комплекса, система контрагентов, с которыми его организации взаимодействуют в процессе своей производственно-экономической деятельности. Классифицируются решения, принимаемые в процессе управления оборонными организациями различного уровня. Обозначается модельно-алгоритмический инструментарий поддержки принятия решений в оборонно-промышленном комплексе. Предлагается целостная и взаимоувязанная система моделей поддержки принятия решений в процессе управления комплексом, рассматриваются процедуры использования этой системы моделей.

The paper deals with the issues of decision support in the Russian military-industrial complex (MIC). The structure of the complex, the system of counterparties with which its organizations interact in the course of their production and economic activities are analyzed. The decisions made in the process of managing defense organizations of various levels are classified. The model-algorithmic tools of decision support in the military-industrial complex are designated. A holistic and interconnected system of decision support models in the process of complex management is proposed, and procedures for using this system of models are considered.
Цифровизация северного завоза
Authors: Никишова М.И. , Остарков Н.А. , Чулошников А.П.
Published: December 2024

В статье описываются ключевые проблемы организации северного завоза и возможности повышения эффективности мероприятий по доставке жизненно важных товаров, продовольствия и нефтепродуктов жителям труднодоступных арктических территорий с помощью системных решений, локальных мер и современных цифровых технологий, в частности, цифрового двойника северного завоза.

The article describes the key problems of organizing the northern delivery and the possibilities of increasing the efficiency of measures for the delivery of vital goods, food and oil products to the residents of the hard—to—reach Arctic territories using system solutions, local measures and modern digital technologies, in particular, the digital twin of the northern delivery.
Цифровая экономика под прицелом ФАС
Authors: Козырев А.Н.
Published: December 2024

Рецензия на статью А.В. Доценко[2] и А.Ю. Иванова[3]Антимонопольное регулирование, цифровые платформы и инновации: дело GOOGLE и выработка подходов к защите конкуренции в цифровой среде, Журнал Закон № 2 за 2016 год, с. 31-45, представляет собой отредактированный вариант рецензии с тем же названием, подготовленной в декабре 2017 года и размещенной в свободном доступе.

Review of the article by A.V. Dotsenko and A.Y. Ivanov Antimonopoly Regulation, Digital Platforms and Innovations: the GOOGLE case and the development of approaches to protecting competition in the digital environment, Journal Law No. 2 for 2016, pp. 31-45, is an edited version of the review with the same title, prepared in December 2017 and published in the public domain.
О возможностях компьютерной поддержки проектно-конструкторских решений
Authors: Шевченко В.В.
Published: December 2024

Предлагается основанный на отечественных и зарубежных достижениях и оригинальных разработках подход к разработке, опережающей достигнутый уровень СППР (системы поддержки принятия решений) в процессе проведения проектно-конструкторских работ в высокотехнологичных корпорациях. Описываются доступный инструментарий, концепция и эскизный проект такой СППР.

An approach based on domestic and foreign achievements and original developments is proposed to develop an advanced DSS (decision support system) in the process of carrying out design work in high-tech corporations. The available tools, concept and draft design of such a DSS are described.
Мартин Форд о развитии технологий и будущем без работы
Authors: Тевелева О.В.
Published: December 2024

В рецензии рассматривается книга Мартина Форда «Роботы наступают», вышедшая в 2015 году. В книге поднимаются вопросы сокращения рабочих мест в результате внедрения новых технологий, дается описание возможных катастрофических последствий этого процесса. Не случайно эта книга стала бестселлером The New York Times. Книга заслуживают внимания всех, кто интересуется современной экономикой, а поднятые автором темы – обдумывания и обсуждений.

The review examines Martin Ford's book "Robots are Coming", published in 2015. The book raises the issues of job cuts as a result of the introduction of new technologies, describes the possible catastrophic consequences of this process. It is no coincidence that this book became a New York Times bestseller. The book deserves the attention of everyone who is interested in modern economics, and the topics raised by the author are reflections and discussions.
Патенты на бизнес-изобретения и конкуренция
Authors: Миронов В.Н.
Published: December 2024

В статье на основе литературных источников дан краткий обзор мировых тенденций в разрешении противоречий между легальной монополией, обеспечиваемой институтом патентования, и антимонопольной политикой. Показано, что дискуссия об иммунитетах интеллектуальной собственности, ведущаяся по настоящее время, могла бы быть более плодотворной, если бы стороны критически осмыслили опыт патентования бизнес-изобретений и применения иммунитетов интеллектуальной собственности в развитых странах. Вполне возможно, что мы стоим на пороге радикальных изменений в антимонопольной политике вплоть до ее замены каким-то другим решением противоречий, возникающих в цифровой экономике.

The article provides a brief overview of global trends in resolving contradictions between the legal monopoly provided by the patenting institute, and the antimonopoly policy, based on literary sources. The author shows that the ongoing discussion on intellectual property immunities could be more productive if the parties critically reviewed the experience of patenting business inventions and the application of intellectual property immunities in developed countries. It is possible that we are on the verge of radical changes in the antimonopoly policy, up to its replacement by some other solution to the contradictions that arise in the digital economy.
Перспективы развития информационных технологий в агропромышленном комплексе в условиях цифрового неравенства
Authors: Кушнир И.Б. , Морозова Н.И.
Published: December 2024

Цель исследования направлена на выявление особенностей цифрового развития сельскохозяйственной отрасли и определение значимых факторов, сдерживающих ее развитие. Для достижения этой цели в исследовании проведен сравнительный анализ влияния государственных мер по инвестиционному стимулированию на динамику инвестиций в основной капитал агропромышленного комплекса, а также анализ влияния уровня доступности и использования средств ИКТ сельскохозяйственными предпринимателями на отраслевые показатели производительности. Выявлен парадокс производительности в условиях цифрового неравенства. Формулируется авторская позиция, суть которой состоит в выстраивании цифровых платформ – экосистем по поддержке механизмов роста отрасли. Результаты, полученные в этом исследовании, могут быть активно использованы в системах сельскохозяйственных производств и производственно-сбытовых цепочках аграрных продовольственных системах.

The purpose of the study is aimed at identifying the features of the digital development of the agricultural industry and identifying significant factors hindering its development. To achieve this goal, the study conducted a comparative analysis of the impact of government investment incentives on the dynamics of investments in fixed assets of the agro-industrial complex, as well as an analysis of the impact of the level of availability and use of ICT by agricultural entrepreneurs on industry performance indicators. The productivity paradox in the conditions of digital inequality is revealed. The author's position is formulated, the essence of which is to build digital platforms – ecosystems to support the mechanisms of industry growth. The results obtained in this study can be actively used in agricultural production systems and supply chains of agricultural food systems.
Перспективы использования комплекснозначных логик в системах искусственного интеллекта
Authors: Сулейменов И.Э. , Витулёва Е.С. , Габриелян О.А.
Published: December 2024

Показано, что решение проблемы сущности интеллекта (включая интеллект человека) является ключевым для дальнейшего развития систем искусственного интеллекта. На основе рассмотрения интеллекта человека как сложно структурированной системы переработки информации показано, что критерии отличия «машинного» интеллекта от «истинного», восходящие к тесту Тьюринга, следует признать несостоятельными. Показано, что более адекватным является использование такого критерия проявлений интеллекта, как способность лгать. Подчеркивается, что данная способность необязательно несет негативную коннотацию, так как она неразрывно связана со способностями к проявлениям фантазии, а, следовательно, к творчеству. Показано, что первым шагом на пути обеспечения данного критерия является создание систем искусственного интеллекта, оперирующих многозначными логиками различного типа. Обсуждаются возможности использования логических переменных, представляемых комплексными величинами, т.е. использующими логическую мнимую единицу. Показано, что использование комплекснозначных логик позволяет перейти к логикам нового типа, построение которых коррелирует с древневосточными философскими системами. Показано, что аппарат многозначных логик во многих важных случаях допускает приведение к алгебраическим системам. Предложен аналог полинома Жегалкина для многозначных логик, отвечающих небинарным полям Галуа, позволяющий сводить любые логические операции к алгебраическим.

It is shown that solving the problem of the essence of intelligence (including human intelligence) is key for the further development of artificial intelligence systems. Based on the consideration of human intelligence as a complexly structured information processing system, it is shown that the criteria for distinguishing "machine" intelligence from "true" intelligence, dating back to the Turing test, should be considered untenable. It is shown that the use of such a criterion of manifestations of intelligence as the ability to lie is more adequate. It is emphasized that this ability does not necessarily carry a negative connotation, since it is inextricably linked with the ability to manifest fantasy, and, consequently, to creativity. It is shown that the first step towards ensuring this criterion is the creation of artificial intelligence systems operating with multiple-valued logics of various types. The possibilities of using logical variables represented by complex quantities, i.e. using a logical imaginary unit, are discussed. It is shown that the use of complex-valued logics allows us to move to a new type of logics, the construction of which correlates with ancient Eastern philosophical systems. It is shown that the apparatus of multivalued logics in many important cases allows for reduction to algebraic systems. An analogue of the Zhegalkin polynomial for multivalued logics corresponding to non-binary Galois fields is proposed, which allows reducing any logical operations to algebraic ones.
Разработка алгоритма настройки перестраиваемой вычислительной среды в составе аппаратного ускорителя искусственных нейронных сетей
Authors: Шатравин В. , Шашев Д.В.
Published: December 2024

Возрастающая вычислительная сложность искусственных нейронных сетей поднимает важные вопросы производительности, гибкости и энергоэффективности используемого для их расчёта аппаратного обеспечения. Характеристики вычислительных устройств являются одним из основных факторов, ограничивающих применение сложных алгоритмов машинного обучения в мобильных и маломощных интеллектуальных системах. Проблеме разработки высокопроизводительных и энергоэффективных аппаратных ускорителей нейронных сетей на сегодняшний день уделяется большое внимание и предлагается множество различных решений. Одним из таких решений являются вычислители на основе перестраиваемых вычислительных сред, чьё устройство представляет собой сетку из однотипных настраиваемых вычислительных элементов. Важным аспектом их применения является необходимость настройки элементов для совместного решения сложных задач. В данной работе рассматривается алгоритм координатной настройки перестраиваемых вычислительных сред для применения в составе аппаратных ускорителей искусственных нейронных сетей. Описан процесс настройки сегментированной вычислительной среды, обеспечивающей высокое быстродействие ускорителя благодаря плавающему окну настройки и применению конвейеризации. Приведены результаты оценки длительности настройки сегментов разного размера на основе временных симуляций моделей среды на программируемых логических интегральных схемах (FPGA). Полученные результаты показывают высокое быстродействие предложенного алгоритма настройки. Полная настройка слоя из пятидесяти 15‑входовых нейронов занимает 77.5 нс.

The increasing computational complexity of artificial neural networks raises important questions regarding the performance, flexibility, and power consumption of the hardware used. These characteristics of the hardware limit the use of state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms in low-power and mobile intelligent systems. Many studies pay attention to this problem and propose various solutions. One such solution is hardware based on reconfigurable computing environments. The reconfigurable computing environment is a regular grid of small similar configurable computing units. The process of configuring these units plays an important role in the implementation of complex algorithms on the entire environment. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for the coordinate-based configuration of computing environments for use in hardware accelerators of neural networks. The process of configuring a segmented environment that provides high performance by a floating configuration window and pipelining is described. Estimates of configuration time for environments of various sizes based on simulations for FPGA are presented. The obtained results show high performance of the proposed algorithm. The complete configuration process for an area with 50 neurons with 15 inputs each requires 77.5 ns.
Повышение производительности микроконтроллеров за счёт использования типов данных с фиксированной точкой
Authors: Павлов О.В. , Кейно П.П. , Русак М.А. , Малафеев И.В. , Скрипниченко Ю.С.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается эффективность применения типов данных с фиксированной точкой, вместо типов данных с плавающей точкой стандарта IEEE-754, для повышения производительности микроконтроллеров. Данный вопрос является актуальным, так как большинство программного обеспечения для микроконтроллеров разрабатывается с помощью языков высокого уровня, в основном С/С++, которые изначально разрабатывались для работы с другими архитектурами, что приводит к заимствованию части программных инструментов, оптимальных для архитектур x86/x64, но неоптимальных и избыточных для многих архитектур микроконтроллеров. Проведён анализ популярных микроконтроллеров на архитектурах AVR, AVR32, ARM, ESP-32 на предмет наличия аппаратной реализации операций с типами данных, стандартизированных в IEEE-754. Анализируются методы эмуляции сопроцессора для чисел с плавающей точкой в микроконтроллерах AVR. Приводится анализ скорости выполнения операций сложения, вычитания, умножения и деления на микроконтроллерах AVR для типов данных с фиксированной и плавающей точкой

This article discusses the effectiveness of using fixed-point data types, instead of floating-point data types of the IEEE-754 standard, to improve the performance of microcontrollers. This issue is relevant since most software for microcontrollers is developed using high-level languages, mainly C / C ++, which were originally developed to work with other architectures, which leads to the borrowing of part of the software tools that are optimal for x86 / x64 architectures, but suboptimal and redundant for many microcontroller architectures. The analysis of popular microcontrollers based on the AVR, AVR32, ARM, ESP-32 architectures was carried out for the presence of a hardware implementation of operations with data types standardized in IEEE-754. The methods of coprocessor emulation for floating point numbers in AVR microcontrollers are analyzed. An analysis of the speed of performing addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations on AVR microcontrollers for data types with fixed and floating point is given.
Оптимизация процессов планирования запросов баз методами машинного обучения
Authors: Калинина Е.С. , Манохина Т.В. , Ступаков С.А.
Published: December 2024

В данной статье рассмотрена проблематика оптимизации процессов планирования запросов баз данных методами машинного обучения. Целью статьи является исследование средств решения задач в Machine Learning с помощью SQL Server Machine Learning Services для определения наиболее эффективного метода их программной реализации с использованием встроенных языковых средств SQL Server или классического способа обработки данных. Была осуществлена оптимизация плана выполнения запроса с использованием средств машинного обучения позволяющий увеличения производительности выполнения запросов. С целью уменьшений время его обработки. Проведена разработка специального математического и программного обеспечения системы управления схемой реляционной базы данных с использованием методов машинного обучения для ускорения обработки запросов. Новизна исследования – определение количественной оценки эффективности применения встроенных языковых средств SQL Server Machine Learning Services. Практическая ценность работы – результаты исследований могут быть внедрены во многих сферах: производство, транспортные системы, медицина, образование и т.д.

The article deals with the problem of optimizing database query planning processes using machine learning methods. The purpose of the article is to explore the tools for solving problems in Machine Learning using SQL Server Machine Learning Services to determine the most effective method for their programmatic implementation using the built-in language tools of SQL Server or the classical way of data processing. The query execution plan was optimized using machine learning tools to increase the performance of query execution in order to reduce its processing time. The development of a special mathematical and software system for managing a relational database schema using machine learning methods to speed up query processing. The novelty of the research is the determination of a quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of using the built-in language tools of SQL Server Machine Learning Services. The practical value of the work - the results of research can be implemented in many areas: production, transport systems, medicine, education, etc.
O Bêbado e a equilibrista: a educação pública na corda bamba entre a eficiência e a equidade, no caminho da reforma empresarial
Authors: Garcia de Almeida Tatiani Maria
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer algumas observações críticas sobre o movimento no sentido do empresariamento da educação que atinge o Brasil a partir das determinações do Banco Mundial. O movimento da reforma empresarial da educação desenvolveu-se nas últimas décadas em escala mundial, tendo como pressuposto teórico-metodológico o ideário neoliberal, tendo como base a reforma (ou contrarreforma da educação) planejada e implementada nos EUA e no Chile. A partir deste contexto, refletimos sobre seus impactos na educação brasileira.
Palavras-chave: Políticas Educacionais; Empreendedorismo; Reforma Educacional.
Século 21 e a formação de professores no Brasil
Authors: Gatti Bernardete Angelina
Published: December 2024

Este texto aponta que a formação de professores está intrinsecamente relacionada com a expansão da educação básica. De início, é preciso considerar que a educação básica no Brasil, e também a superior, tiveram sua expansão tardia em comparação com outras nações da América do Sul, e, muito mais em relação à América do Norte. Com esse traço histórico chegamos ao ano de 1950 com cerca de 50% de nossa população sem saber ler ou escrever e com um cenário no ensino superior composto por poucas instituições e oferta de cursos. Verifica-se que a atenção e o estímulo de governos sucessivos em relação à formação de professores nem sempre foi a necessária, embora não tenham faltado em vários momentos de nossa história manifestações e movimentos que lutavam pela melhor qualificação e valorização da docência na educação básica e a formação dos professores. Os temas aqui apresentados são objeto de reflexão neste artigo.Palavras-chave: Formação de Professores; Políticas Educacionais; Educação Básica e Superior.
La revolución de la paz. Illia, masculinidades y política en el filo del precipicio (1965-1966)
Authors: Barroso Esteban Nicolás
Published: December 2024

Los meses finales del gobierno de Arturo Illia estuvieron caracterizados -entre otras cuestiones- por la intensidad creciente que fueron asumiendo toda una serie de discursos e imágenes de tono crítico, que tendieron a crear un clima propicio para un golpe militar que se consideraba como cercano o, incluso, inminente. Si bien existen numerosos trabajos que han indagado en esta situación, aún resultan escasos los análisis que se enfocan en su contracara: es decir, en los posicionamientos discursivos adoptados por el propio Illia. En este trabajo abordamos precisamente esta cuestión, es decir, la “imagen de sí” que buscó construir Illia de manera discursiva en los últimos meses de su mandato. De manera específica, el objetivo es indagar en el entrelazamiento entre masculinidades y políticas que puede haber operado en la configuración de una determinada imagen de liderazgo, en un contexto en el que el presidente radical era objeto de numerosos y crecientes cuestionamientos.
Analysis of factors influencing intention of teacher attrition in high school: Evidence from PISA 2022
Authors:   The Institute of Educational research Chonnam National University, Shim Jaehwee
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyse the factors influencing high school teachers' intention to leave teaching and to explore educational alternatives to increase teachers' job satisfaction and reduce the risk of teacher attrition. To this end, a multilevel logistic regression model with intention to leave teaching as the dependent variable was analysed using Korean data from PISA 2022. The results showed that teachers with more than 30 years of experience who are approaching retirement age and female teachers were more likely to leave teaching than other groups. The risk of considering attrition was also increased if teachers had students with emotional behaviour problems in their classrooms or if their school had a high number of parents with graduate degrees. Collaborative relationships with colleagues were found to be protective against teacher attrition, while a school climate that encouraged parental involvement in school activities was found to increase the risk of teacher attrition. In addition, higher job stress related to teaching and assessment and lower job satisfaction were associated with higher intentions to leave teaching. Based on these findings, schoolᐨlevel efforts to reduce the risk of teacher attrition in high school are discussed.
Analysis and suggestion of the Cultural and Historical Activity System of the Institutional Research of University
Authors:   The Institute of Educational research Chonnam National University, Na Eunchnag , Park Sangwoo
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to propose directions for improving the efficiency of introducing IR(Institutional Research) by configuring the activity system of an IR organization from the perspective of Engestrom's activity theory. Data collected through inᐨdepth interviews with five experts who operated a newly established IR organization were analyzed from the perspective of culturalᐨhistorical activity theory. The data, segmented according to the six steps of thematic analysis as utilized by Braun and Clarke (2006), were analyzed and the credibility of the data was ensured through triangulation among evaluators. The analysis revealed three types of contradictions and conflicts categorized by stakeholders. First, contradictions and conflicts emerging during the process of establishing the identity of the IR organization. Second, contradictions and conflicts arising from difficulties in data communication systems. Third, contradictions and conflicts arising from information systems and financial issues. By proposing directions based on theories not previously presented in IR organizational studies, this research provides academic implications and practical implications for universities seeking to introduce IR by offering specific directions for organizational systems.
Búsqueda a escala genómica de marcadores moleculares de colonización exofítica/endofítica en una bacteria ubicua asociada a plantas: La asociación Pantoea spp. – alfalfa
Authors:   , Erdozain Bagolin Sofía Agostina
Published: December 2024

Las plantas son organismos ampliamente colonizados por diversos microorganismos que constituyen su denominado microbioma. La relación entre microorganismos y plantas terrestres es un vínculo que se ha desarrollado a lo largo de los últimos 450 millones de años, a través del cual microorganismos y plantas expresan capacidades funcionales diversas, y necesidades y dependencias mutuas. Bajo tal estrategia asociativa es todo el sistema -conocido como «holobionte»- el que se adapta al medio y evoluciona. Por esta razón, los microbiomas rizosféricos, filosféricos y endofíticos son actualmente objeto de intensas investigaciones para dilucidar cómo se comunican las plantas y sus microbios asociados para promover una aptitud óptima del holobionte. Comprender las bases de las asociaciones sostenibles entre las plantas y sus complejos microbiomas constituye la base para delinear nuevas intervenciones prácticas que ayuden a mejorar el crecimiento y la salud de las plantas naturales y los sistemas agrícolas. En este trabajo de tesis hemos abordado la caracterización de la colonización de plantas de alfalfa por parte de bacterias del género Pantoea, ubicuas en distintas especies vegetales. Usamos en particular la cepa P. agglomerans LPU12 recuperada de semillas de Medicago sativa, con la que caracterizamos la dinámica del proceso de asociación a la rizósfera y endósfera de las raíces. Posteriormente, diseñamos y construimos herramientas de TnSeq con las que identificamos marcadores genéticos bacterianos relevantes para la colonización de los nichos rizosféricos y endofíticos. Además de la identificación de genes de colonización, detectamos y caracterizamos la presencia de un fuerte cuello de botella en el ingreso de las bacterias al interior de la raíz de la planta. Finalmente desarrollamos aproximaciones informáticas de aprendizaje automático supervisado que, con baja tasa de fallo, nos permitieron predecir el tropismo para colonizar plantas de diferentes especies y aislamientos del género Pantoea. Tal posibilidad constituye una herramienta potente para concentrar el estudio del género Pantoea sobre aquellas especies cuyas variantes genómicas predicen capacidades asociativas con plantas, y hacer uso de las predicciones anteriores para realizar estudios genómicos comparativos. Los resultados de este trabajo de tesis han permitido acceder al reconocimiento de aislamientos de Pantoea con capacidad de colonizar plantas, y en particular a una colección de genes vinculados a la colonización radicular exofítica y endofítica por P. agglomerans.
SEISMICITY of the CARPATHIANS in 2020
Authors: Verbitsky S.T. , Pronishin R.S. , Prokopishin V.I. , Stets’kiv A.T. , Nishchimenko I.M. , Keleman I.N. , Gerasymenyuk G.A. , Stepanenco N.Ya. , Cardanets V.Yu.
Published: December 2024

The article describes seismic observations in the Carpathian region in 2020, which were carried
out, as before, by two organizations from two states: in Ukraine – the Seismicity department of the Carpathian
region of the Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, in Moldova – the seismol
ogy laboratory of the Institute of Geology and Seismology of Moldova State University. The monitoring of seis
micity was carried out 21 stationary digital and 3 temporary stations of Ukraine with a processing centre in Lviv
and six stations of Moldova with a processing centre in Chisinau. Different programs, local godographs and mag
nitudes were used. The maximum earthquake with KR=12.5, MSH=4.7 and hрР=124.0 km was registered on Janu
ary 31 in the Vrancea zone. The epicentral zone was subjected to shaking with an intensity up to Ii=4 by MSK-64
scale. The earthquake was felt by the population of Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova and other European
countries. In the Precarpathian and Transcarpathian regions, all earthquakes were weaker. In general, in 2020 there
was an increase in the level of seismicity in seismically active areas: № 1 (North-Western), № 2 (Vrancea), № 5
(Bukovina) and № 8 (Bacau), compared with that in the previous period 2019.