bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surviving the festive season: optimising your clinic's performance
Authors: Senior Amy
Published: December 2017

To ensure clinics continue to run smoothly over the Christmas period, there are several actions aesthetic practitioners can take to help make this season successful. Amy Senior suggests ways in which staff can enhance their organisation and master marketing to stand out in a competitive field. She also gives practitioners ideas for small gestures that can make all the difference to patient experience
Building a successful customer relationship management system for your clinic
Authors: Buxton Annette , Millar-Hume Lucy
Published: December 2017

Most businesses should be aware of the four Ps of marketing: product, price, promotion and place. Customer relationship management (CRM) is essentially a promotional marketing tool for clinics that is implemented with the goal of building long-term relationships with clients. In this article, Annette Buxton and Lucy Millar-Hume explore the theory and benefits of using a CRM system
Freedom of choice: why cognitive biases can lead people to make bad decisions
Authors: Ratcliffe Jason
Published: December 2017

A cornerstone of modern western society is freedom of choice. However, cognitive biases or having too many options can cause some people to make negative decisions. Jason Ratcliffe discusses these influences on decision-making and looks at how to get the right balance between giving your patients the freedom to choose, while nudging them to make the choice that is best for them
Balancing shared decision-making with ethical principles in optimising medicines
Authors: Vincer Kirstie , Kaufman Gerri
Published: December 2017

The key aims of non-medical prescribing include improving patient care and increasing patient choice in accessing medicines. The guiding principles of medicines optimisation, which involve understanding the patient experience, the evidenced-based choice of medicines, and making medicines use as safe as possible, are key to achieving the aims.

In optimising medicines, practitioners aim to respect patient autonomy, seek to do good (beneficence), and avoid causing harm (non-maleficence). These are important ethical principles that underpin prescribing decisions. Balancing the principles of medicines optimisation with ethical principles can be a complex skill. In this article, a case study from clinical practice is used to explore the challenge of balancing the autonomy and decision-making preferences of a carer, with upholding the principles of beneficence and non-maleficence, in prescribing for a child with asthma.
Reflection on practice: Consultation skills
Authors: McLeish Lee , Snowden Austyn
Published: December 2017

The aim of this case study is to illustrate how prescribing decisions can be enhanced through the use of systematic consultation, reflection on practice and relevant information seeking. The enhanced Calgary-Cambridge model was used to structure the consultation. Reflection on practice was achieved using Gibbs' model. The case study involved a 74-year-old gentleman admitted to a UK-based intensive therapy unit for high flow nasal oxygen, invasive monitoring and further management of an ongoing pneumonia and sepsis that were not improving despite intravenous antibiotics on the ward. Treatment decisions throughout are backed by guidelines and evidence, and the power of reflection on practice is considered in relation to growing competence as a prescriber.
Entresto in heart failure
Authors: O'Donovan Kate
Published: December 2017

The prevalence of heart failure in the UK is reaching epidemic proportions with 900 000 people having a confirmed diagnosis. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2010) reports the mortality rate in the first year to be 30–40%. Pharmacological therapies aim to slow down disease progression and alleviate symptoms of fluid retention, fatigue and breathlessness. The therapies target the compensatory mechanisms, mainly the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system. Experience with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibition has reduced mortality and improved quality of life. The advent of Entresto, a combination of a neprilysin inhibitor and an angiotensin receptor blocker is a new innovative therapy that reduces the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalisation for worsening heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Community nurse prescribing: A student's perspective
Authors: Richardson Joanne
Published: December 2017

Following a report in 1978 by the Royal College of Nursing, Baroness Cumberledge recommended that community nurses should be able to prescribe in their everyday role ( Cumberledge, 1986 ). This case study determines how non-medical prescribing helps the patient's quality of care, while promoting community nurses' independence. The factual case study is based on an elderly patient with a pre-tibial laceration, and covers a consultation model, wound assessment, dressing choice, medicines optimisation and health promotion. The case study highlighted how non-medical prescribing empowers community nurses and provides opportunity to offer the best holistic care and experience to patients. Non-medical prescribers provide individualised care in the patient's best interests, incorporate patient choice and improve healing time. Autonomous community nurses have meant a move away from nurses only offering basic care.
Patient's perspective
Authors: Cox Ella
Published: December 2017

Trainee advance nurse practitioner and prescriber, Ella Cox, discusses her view as a patient in the NHS following an accident
Short Communication: Seasonal occurrence of the tree locust Anacridium melanorhodon melanorhodon on Acacia Senegal in North Kordofan State, Sudan
Authors: RAHAMA OMER RAHAMA MOHAMED , AHMED MAGZOUB OMER BASHIR , YASSIN MUTASSIM MOHAMED
Published: December 2017

Rahama ORM, Ahmed MOB, Yassin MM. 2017. Seasonal occurrence of the tree locust Anacridium melanorhodon melanorhodon on Acacia senegal in North Kordofan State, Sudan. Trop Drylands 1: 65-68. The tree locust, Anacridium melanorhodon melanorhodon (Walker, 1870) (Acrididae: Orthoptera) causes sporadic damage mainly to trees. In Sudan, it is called night wanderer because of its nocturnal activity. It is commonly found on the Sudanese western sand plains, causing considerable damage to the gum Arabic producing Acacia trees. Field work was made at an Acacia senegal plantation of the Acacia Project (Elrahad) site, during 2007/08 and 2008/09, North Kordofan State. The objectives of the study were to investigate the factors that influence the tree locust population movements and distribution. The results showed that adults of the tree locust appeared in the field in May and high populations were recorded during the period from June to September reaching the peak (25.00±3.08 per tree) in November. Then the population decreased gradually and disappeared at the end of February. Sexual maturation began during May /June with the first rains and lasted for about four weeks. Oviposition period was during June and July and hoppers, which have six stages, appeared between July and October and their development lasted 1-2 months. The hoppers density was at its peak during September (27.00±5.15 per tree). Rainfall and relative humidity coincide with the development of hoppers, while adults were encountered during periods of low rainfall and relative humidity.
Response of some upland rice varieties to drought stress
Authors: PURWANTO EDI , SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI , EFFENDI YONIAR
Published: December 2017

Purwanto E, Samanhudi, Yoniar Effendi Y. 2017. Response of some upland rice varieties to drought stress. Trop Drylands 1: 69-77. The study aimed to examine the response of upland rice varieties at germination stage on several PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) 6000 concentration levels and to determine growth characteristics, physiological changes and yield of upland rice varieties under drought stress condition in a pot experiment. The study consisted of two experiments; the first was to study germination and early growth, and the second was to study the vegetative and generative growth of upland rice under drought stress condition. Experiments I and II were conducted in a completely randomized factorial design consisted of two factors and three replications. In experiments I, the first factor was upland rice variety comprised of 10 varieties and the second factor was PEG concentration consisted of four levels. In experiment II, the first factor was upland rice varieties that responded the best to drought stress in experiment I, and the second factor was the drought stress treatment consisted of moisture content at 100, 75, 50 and 25% field capacity. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology and the greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University (UNS) Surakarta. The results showed that the germination and vigor index decreased with increasing levels of PEG concentration. PEG concentration of 25 g L-1 of water was the most optimum for screening drought resistant upland rice. In experiment I, Towuti, Situ Patengang, Kalimutu and Gajah Mungkur varieties showed the best response to drought stress. Increased intensity of drought stress resulted in a reduction of plant height, number of tillers, dry weight, relative growth rate, leaf area, number of grains hill-1, 1000 grain weight, dry grain weight hill-1 and root dry weight. The drought stress also caused an earlier flowering date and increased percentage of empty grain. Based on the dry grain weight hill-1, Towuti exhibited a higher drought resistance level than Gajah Mungkur, Situ Patenggang and Kalimutu.
Population analysis of Bali Mynah (Leucopsar rothschildi Stresemann 1912) released in 2007 in Bali Barat National Park, Indonesia
Authors: HERNOWO JARWADI BUDI
Published: December 2017

Hernowo JB. 2017. Population analysis of Bali Mynah (Leucopsar rothschildi Stresemann 1912) released in 2007 in Bali Barat National Park, Indonesia. Trop Drylands 1: 83-89. The population of Bali Mynah (Leucopsar rothschildi) has been released in the year 2007 in Bali Barat National Park should be monitored. Monitoring of the Bali Mynah (BM) population development was done in June 2008, June 2009 and October 2009. Monitoring method employed was direct observation focused on rations feeding site and surrounding areas at Tanjung Gelap (Menjangan Resort). The individual number that was released in June 2008 was 20 individuals, and that in June 2009 and October 2010 was, respectively, 20 individuals and 22 individuals. The Bali Mynah survival is approximately 77.27-110.53% in two respective years. The bird natality rate is 10.53%. The sex ratio is about 1:1 and birds age structure are 95.24% adult and 4.76% sub adult. The over-all population of Bali Mynah (BM) at Tanjung Gelap is in good condition. The important factors that support Bali Mynah survival in the wild habitat is through managed nest box, food rations, and BM safety.
Population dynamics and performance of exotic versus indigenous chicken population in the selected districts of North Western Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: SISAY TILAHUN , ALEMAYEHU KEFEYALEW , WULETAW ZEWDU
Published: December 2017

Sisay T, Alemayehu K, Wuletaw Z. 2017. Population dynamics and performance of exotic versus indigenous chicken population in the selected districts of North Western Amhara, Ethiopia. Trop Drylands 1: 90-99. Chicken in Ethiopia contributes, respectively, 98.5% and 99.2% of the national egg and chicken meat production. The total chicken population is estimated to be 56.87 million of which 95.86, 2.79 and 1.35% are indigenous, crossbred and exotic breeds, respectively. The objective of this paper was to quantify the population dynamics and performance of exotic versus indigenous chicken population in the selected districts of northwestern Amhara, Ethiopia. Banja and Burie districts and six Kebeles (three/district) were purposively selected. A total 180 respondents were selected by systematic and simple random sampling techniques for the survey. On the other hand, a total of 90 exotic chicken owners were purposively selected for monitoring and evaluation. GLM procedure of SAS (2002) was used to quantify the fixed effects of agroecology and breeds on the egg production performance. The results revealed that the majorities (91.12%) of distributed exotic chickens were kept in traditional/backyard production system. The overall mean egg production for exotic chickens (141.58±11.5) was too low. Significantly, the mean number of clutch per year per hen of Bovans Brown chicken was higher (4.51±0.11 days) than Bovans white breeds (3.5±0.10 days). Shortage at first egg was attained from midland of Koekoek chicken breed (5.38±0.24 months) than from highland (6.54±0.10 months) in Bovans Brown chicken. A highly significant difference in mortality was observed between Bovans Brown (89%) and Koekoek breed (32.4%), respectively due to traditional farmers' management practice. Distribution of different exotic chicken genotypes in the region is increasing from time to time for the upgrading of local chicken ecotypes but, the survival, productivity and population size of exotic and their crosses were too low. On the other hand, the population size of the indigenous chicken and its productivity remains almost constant. Causes of chick mortality in the study area were disease and predator which need to be considered in the development plan of the districts. This is due to the inappropriate production system, genotype, and management. Therefore, production and productivity will be increased through the selection of indigenous chicken ecotypes and crossbreed or upgrading by introduction exotic cocks, pullets and or fertile eggs of high egg producing strains with an appropriate production system and management in respective production system.
Roma and a Social Europe: the role of redistribution, intervention and emancipatory politics
Authors: Ryder Andrew Richard , Taba Marius
Published: December 2017

The article explores what impact the concept of a Social Europe might have on Europe's Roma and how economic intervention and redistribution might alleviate Roma poverty and diminish Anti-Gypsyism. The article also makes the case for new deliberative forms of democracy being developed in tandem with social justice orientated policy through a renewed EU Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies. A version of this paper was presented in a keynote speech to the Council of Europe's fourth Dialogue with Roma and Traveller Civil Society in Strasbourg in September 2017.
Relationship between organizational commitment and turnover intentions of academics
Authors: Parasız Özgün , Koç Mustafa , Ilgar Ebru , Şahin Mustafa Yaşar
Published: December 2017

In this study, it is aimed to determine the level of organizational commitment of academics working in Department of Physical Education and Sports and identify its relationship with the intention to cease of employment. Organizational Commitment Scale, consisting of 18 questions, developed by Meyer and Allen (1997), adapted to Turkish by Varol (2010) and Scale of Turnover Intentions developed by Rosin and Korabik (1995), adapted to Turkish by Tanrıöver (2005) have been carried out on 143 academics chosen via random sampling method in this relational screening model research.  The result of the research has shown that sub-dimension of Emotional Commitment of academics’ constitutes the core element and intention to leave is low.  Variables of gender and marital status are found to have no effect on the relationship between organizational commitment and intention to leave. On the other hand, academics with an administrative role display a meaningful difference. In regards to the correlation results within the scales, there is a negative and mid-level relationship between emotional commitment level and intention to leave, and a negative and low-level relationship between the level of normative commitment and case of employment.
Ambrosetti–Prodi Periodic Problem Under Local Coercivity Conditions
Authors: Sovrano Elisa , Zanolin Fabio
Published: December 2017

In this paper we focus on the periodic boundary value problem associated with the Liénard differential equation

x
′′

+

f
⁢

(
x
)

⁢

x
′

+

g
⁢

(
t
,
x
)

=
s

{x^{\prime\prime}+f(x)x^{\prime}+g(t,x)=s}

, where s is a real parameter, f and g are continuous functions and g is T-periodic in the variable t. The classical framework of Fabry, Mawhin and Nkashama, related to the Ambrosetti–Prodi periodic problem, is modified to include conditions without uniformity, in order to achieve the same multiplicity result under local coercivity conditions on g. Analogous results are also obtained for Neumann boundary conditions.
Internalization and the Philosophers’ Best Interest in Plato’s Republic
Authors: Strabbing Jada Twedt
Published: December 2017

I argue that it is in the philosophers’ best interest to rule Kallipolis because that life is the best available to them. Although the life of pure contemplation of the Forms would make them happiest, I make the case that, on Plato’s view, this life is not an option for them because of the essential psychological connections that he posits between the individual and the city. To make this argument, I first draw on Plato’s city/soul analogy to explore why it is in reason’s best interest to rule the soul. The answer, I claim, rests in the interconnectedness of the three parts of the soul. If reason does not rule the soul, Plato says that reason will be ruled by another part of the soul and will be forced to serve the ends of the ruling part, which is worse for reason than ruling the soul. Similarly, the philosophers must rule or be ruled. I argue that, as we would expect from the city/soul analogy, Plato thinks that it is worse for the philosophers to be ruled by another part of the city than to rule Kallipolis. This is because, on Plato’s view, individuals internalize their culture, and if the philosophers do not rule, they internalize an unjust culture, which adversely impacts their ability to contemplate the Forms. However, if the philosophers rule Kallipolis, they internalize a just society, which best facilitates their contemplating the Forms. The upshot is that, due to the interconnections that Plato sees between psyche and city, he thinks that ruling Kallipolis is the best option available to the philosophers.
Encyclopaedism on the Fringe of Islamic Orthodoxy: The Rasāʾil Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ, the Rutbat al-ḥakīm and the Ghāyat al-ḥakīm on the Division of Science
Authors: de Callataÿ Godefroid
Published: December 2017

Recent scholarship has brought important new insights into the chronology of the writing and dissemination of the Rasāʾil Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ (‘Epistles of the Brethren of Purity’). This new chronological perspective prompts us also to reappraise the pioneering role of the Ikhwān with regard to the problem of classifying knowledge. The first part of this paper will be devoted to this issue. We shall re-examine the tripartite division of science as purposefully designed by the Ikhwān in Epistle 7, as well as another classification in the form of an allegorical fable as found in Epistle 26, and which the Ikhwān have derived from Persian literature. The second part of our contribution will focus on the tenfold classification put forward by Maslama b. Qāsim al-Qurṭubī (d. 353/964), now correctly identified as the genuine author of the Ghāyat al-ḥakīm (‘The Aim of the Sage’) and the Rutbat al-ḥakīm (‘the Scale of the Sage’) and, in all likelihood, as the scholar through whom the Rasāʾil Ikhwān al-Ṣafā’ were first introduced into al-Andalus.
Orders of Knowledge in Early Modern Europe
Authors: Burke Peter
Published: December 2017

This paper offers a brief sketch, first, of the organization of knowledge that was inherited from the Middle Ages and remained dominant in Europe around the year 1450, and in the second place, of the ways in which this organization was modified in response to the challenges of the early modern world, notably the Renaissance, the Reformation, the invention of printing and the discovery of America.
Kitāb al-Māʾ: an Arabic medical dictionary of the mid-fifth Islamic century
Authors: Bachour Natalia
Published: December 2017

In 1996, Hādī Ḥasan Ḥammūdī published an edition of a medical dictionary based on two manuscripts he had found in a private collection in Oran, Algeria. The dictionary was allegedly written by ʾAbū Muḥammad ʿAbdallāh b. Muḥammad al-ʾAzdī, known under the name Ibn al-Dhahabī (d. 456/1064).

The transcription shows hamzat al-qaṭʿ but not hamzat al-waṣl, therefore: ʾabū but ibn.

The author of the dictionary acquired his knowledge in several regions of the Islamic world and allegedly studied with such famous scholars as al-Bīrūnī (d. 440/1048) and Ibn Sīnā (d. 428/1037). Complaining that his contemporaries frequently used non-Arabic terms, he decided to compile a dictionary, arranging the terms in alphabetical order by their roots, and explaining their medical as well as their linguistic aspects. He entitled his dictionary the Book of Water (Kitāb al-māʾ), after its first entry, on water (al-māʾ). This paper investigates the text with regard to its author, content, principles of organisation, authorities, and intertextuality, with the aim of verifying the authorship of Ibn al-Dhahabī and of better understanding the literary environment and the reading culture of the fifth century.
Standardizing Emotions: Aspects of Classification and Arrangement in Tales With a Good Ending
Authors: Behzadi Lale
Published: December 2017

This article links classifying activities to practices of emotion. Re-reading al-Tanūkhī’s collection al-Faraj baʿd al-shidda (“Deliverance after hardship”), it focuses on the arrangement of the book on the one hand, and on how the involved emotions are handled on the other. This double approach suggests that by connecting the fields “order” and “emotion” the scope of knowledge with regard to the Arabic scholarly tradition can be reviewed and extended. Against the background of the widespread impulse to arrange and classify, the emotional spectrum is given a framework which generalizes, even rationalizes, the feeling itself. In turn, emotional representations in the stories shed light onto the fragile mechanisms of encyclopedic presuppositions and on definitions in general. Since both concepts are affected and shaped by narrative structures, story-telling can be considered as a significant means of structuring the world.
A Chinese regard oblique
Authors: Lavagnino Alessandra C.
Published: December 2017

The wealth of topics and the vast range of themes dealt during the Zurich Workshop have stimulated me to propose some preliminary remarks coming from a Chinese point of view. The difficulty of dealing with different set of words and different way of classifying things makes it necessary to provide some basic information, sources and insights into how such fundamental issues as the power of writing, the categorisation of knowledge, and the preeminence of the role of the traditional Classic texts in intellectual, political and administrative life were developed in ancient China. The written language was an empowering language. The privilege of mastering the Classical texts and the ability to write elegantly made success in the imperial exams possible, allowing the scholar to become a member of the powerful élite. This explains the close link established in China between the exercice of power and the literary language. The need to provide the necessary tools to acquire this ability became the main incentive for the production of a set of texts such as dictionaries, glossaries, thesaurus, and encyclopaedias or “books according to categories”. In these texts the world of knowledge was ordered according to categories which were functional and useful for the preservation of imperial power in the hands of loyal bureaucrats, carefully selected through the perfect machinery of the examinations, to perpetuate the “mandate of heaven” throughout the centuries.
The Second Revival of Astronomy in the Tenth Century and the Establishment of Astronomy as an Element of Encyclopedic Education
Authors: Thomann Johannes
Published: December 2017

In the fourth/tenth century a great number of new intellectual centers appeared in the Islamic world, and an increase in the number of persons involved in production of written works on mathematics and astronomy took place. One such new center was Aleppo under the Ḥamdanid ruler Sayf al-Dawla. According to al-Qabīṣī the generosity of Sayf al-Dawla led to the situation that ignorant people pretended to be astronomers or astrologer. Therefore, al-Qabīṣī argued, exams should be established for testing the level of competence and the completeness of knowledge of a candidate. Al-Qabīṣī was engaged in teaching by giving lectures based on a textbook, the Fuṣūl of al-Farghānī. This was a novelty in teaching astronomy, since before memorizing didactic poems and operating with astronomical instruments was the preferred method. While al-Qabīṣī’s aim in teaching astronomy was to train future professional astronomers and astrologers, in other contexts astronomy was a propaedeutic subject as part of the quadrivium. The philosopher Muḥammad Ibn al-Haytham (not to be confused with the mathematician al-Ḥasan Ibn al-Haytham) wrote a commentary of the Almagest, in which his intention was “to elucidate subtle ideas for the benefit of students”, and not to go into technical details of calculation. Obviously his aim was to educate future philosophers in the “philosophical sciences” (mathematics, natural sciences and metaphysics). Some generations earlier, al-Fārābī wrote a commentary on the Almagest with similar intentions. His preferred subject was the geometric proof, while observations and calculations were of little interest. Astronomy was incorporated into a curriculum of general scientific knowledge, – similar to the curriculum of the Alexandrian schools in late antiquity –, and ancient Greek texts on astronomy were preferred. This development was indeed a renaissance in the sense Jacob Burckhardt used the term.
Sequential Bidding in Asymmetric First Price Auctions
Authors: Cohensius Gal , Segev Ella
Published: December 2017

We study asymmetric first price auctions in which bidders place their bids sequentially, one after the other and only once. We show that, when bidders’ values are drawn from uniform distributions and are asymmetric, i.e., there is a strong bidder and a weak bidder (the strong bidder’s distribution first order stochastically dominates that of the weak bidder’s), the expected revenue in the sequential bidding first price auction (when the strong bidder bids first) may be higher than in the simultaneous bidding first price auction as well as the simultaneous bidding second price auction. The expected payoff of the weak bidder is also higher in the sequential first price auction. Therefore a seller interested in increasing revenue facing asymmetric bidders may find it beneficial to order them and let them bid sequentially instead of simultaneously.
die cirkel sint ze hêre
Authors: Mentzel-Reuters Arno
Published: December 2017

The article focusses on Walther’s verses dedicated to the conflict betweeen Philipp of Schwaben and Otto IV. (both ›Philippstöne‹ and the ›Reichston‹). There is no evidence in the so called ›Hofwechselstrophe‹ (9 III) for Walther changing courts after the death of duke Friedrich of Austria in 1198. This verse might as well signify a change of lyrical topics from mourning to political support of Philipp according to the position of the new duke Leopold VI. So the verses refering to Philipp do not represent Staufen propaganda but can be regarded as parts of courtly communication (Strohschneider) in Vienna and classified more cautiously as ›Staufen friendly‹. The opposition between laity and clergy as a leading motive can be detected not only in the ›Kirchenschelte‹ (›scolding of the clergy‹) of ›Reichston‹ verse II but even in the so far enigmatic verse on frôuwe Bône (›Lady Bean‹, 8 III,1–14). This casts a new light on the lines dedicated to the orphan (›der weise‹) and the crown of the Holy Roman Empire. When postulating that the orphan should be put on Philipp’s head to finish imperial desaster that is caused by poor kings harassing the empire and so called zirkel (›circles‹), he does not refer to inferior forms of crowns but to the clergy allies supporting Otto. In contemporary latin monastic writing ›circle‹ and ›crown‹ are used as metaphors for the tonsure and its surrounding hairline. This fresh sight spares from auxiliary constructions concerning with Walther’s biography, the role of ›Sangspruch‹ in political conflict and to the use of crowns in the Middel Ages.
Gattungsvagabund
Authors: Nowakowski Nina
Published: December 2017

›Der witzige Landstreicher‹, an early work in print by Hans Folz, is showing features of different literary genres, i. e. narrative, disputation and shrovetide play (Fastnachtspiel). Accordingly, it’s generic affiliation cannot be clearly determined. The generic hybridity of ›Der witzige Landstreicher‹ is amplified by remarkable medial aspects regarding the printing. This text is the first known print from the city of Nuremberg with a typographic dramatic format (Dramensatz), although it is not quite a dramatic text. Thus, this short text particularly makes comprehensible the generic permeability that is representing a characteristic feature of short german rhymed literature (Reimpaardichtung) in the late middle ages.
Influence of metal cations on inhibitor performance of gluconates in the corrosion of mild steel in fresh water
Authors: Otani Kyohei , Sakairi Masatoshi , Islam Md. Saiful
Published: December 2017

The influence of metal cations on the ability of gluconates to inhibit corrosion of mild steel in a model fresh water was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and immersion tests. The EIS and immersion test results showed that the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in model fresh water by gluconates was improved by metal cations that have a large value of corrosion inhibitory effect of cation,Y.The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that metal cations that have largerYvalues are bonded on mild steel. It was thought that metal cations with largeYvalues and gluconates confer a synergistic inhibition effect on the corrosion of mild steel in model fresh water.
Gravimetric and electrochemical methods to evaluate the performance of corrosion inhibitors for galvanized steel strips
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez Mayra Y. , de la Garza-Garza Maribel , Almeraya-Calderón Facundo , Artigas Alfredo , Monsalve Alberto , Pérez-González Francisco A. , Ramírez-Ramírez Javier H. , Colás Rafael , Garza-Montes-de-Oca Nelson F.
Published: December 2017

Corrosion inhibitors with Cr+6 and Cr+3 are applied on the surface of metals to increase their chemical resistance when they are exposed to severe degradation conditions. For galvanized low-carbon steel strip, these compounds are applied to reduce corrosion mainly during transport operations of this metal. The performance of corrosion inhibitors deposited on the surface of galvanized steel strip was evaluated through combined physical and electrochemical modeling. The physical model takes into account direct exposure of specimens to different conditions including simulated marine, industrial and rain environments for periods up to 8 weeks. The efficacy of the experimental method was also evaluated using polarization resistance and gravimetric means. A good correlation between the evolution of the degradation phenomenon obtained directly from the physical model and the electrochemical and gravimetric data was found. The results showed that this method is an effective tool that allows the comparison of the performance of different corrosion inhibitors that could be used to prevent surface degradation of galvanized steel strip.
“Transfiguration” and Actual Relevance of the Common Constitutional Traditions: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Pollicino Oreste
Published: December 2017

1. Declaration of intention. - 2. The past: common constitutional traditions at the genesis of the European integration process. - 3. From Maastricht until (the Charter of) Nice: the Common constitutional traditions’ present perfect - 4. After the entry into force of the Charter: common constitution traditions today: still a meaningful concept? - 5. Relevance of the common constitution traditions in the (next) future. - 6 Final remarks.
Peculiarities of Taxonomic Structure of Micromycete Complex in Root Zone of Sunflower in Conditions of Southern Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Kostyuchenko N.I. , Lyakh V.A.
Published: December 2017

The taxonomic structure of microscopic fungi complex in root zone of sunflower under its growing in conditions of southern Steppe of Ukraine comparing with natural biocenosis and black vapor has been studied. Soil of background (natural biocenosis, rhizosphere), black vapor (arable layer 0–20 cm) and root zone (rhizosphere) of a sunflower hybrid Zaporozhsky-32 was investigated. Soil samples of sunflower rhizosphere were selected at the stages of 2–4 true leaves (May), flowering (June), head formation (August) and full maturity (October) during 2009–2011. Samples of background soil and black vapor soil were taken in the same terms as the crop. Almost throughout the entire vegetation period, the number of micromycetes in the root zone of sunflower did not differ from the natural biocenosis and black vapor, and only by the end of the vegetation it nearly doubled. Despite almost the same total number of identified genera, there are significant differences in genus composition of micromycetes isolated from background soil and root zone of sunflower. Micromycetes of the genera
Influence of nutritional status on postoperative outcome in patients with colorectal cancer – the emerging role of the microbiome
Authors: Weimann Arved
Published: December 2017

Many patients with colorectal cancer are overweight. Even then, nutritional status is a frequently underestimated risk factor for perioperative complications. Enhanced Recovery after Surgery is the goal for perioperative management, and preoperative nutritional risk screening should be a standard. In case of nutritional risk, perioperative nutrition therapy should be started without delay and should follow recent guideline recommendations. The preservation of the microbiome has an emerging role in preventing postoperative anastomotic leakage and septic complications. The time window for recovery after neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer may be used for conditioning appropriate-risk patients in a “prehabilitation” program. In order to assess metabolic recovery and the prognosis for long-term survival, C-reactive protein/albumin ratio may be a promising parameter, which has to be validated in the future. This narrative review summarizes recent strategies and guideline recommendations.
Suffixed plurals in Baïnonk languages: Agreement patterns and diachronic development
Authors: Cobbinah Alexander Yao
Published: December 2017

This paper re-evaluates hypotheses about the agreement behaviour of nouns using plural suffixes in the Baïnounk languages (Niger Congo/ Atlantic/ North Atlantic). Although these languages dispose of a large and complex prefixing noun class systems which are involved in expressing number distinctions, a subgroup of nouns uses a suffix for pluralisation. It is shown here that plural-suffixing nouns do not engage in the typologically rare process of phonological agreement copying as has been claimed previously. Instead, they are prefixed nouns, triggering alliterative agreement. Several scenarios about the origin and further development of the plural suffixes are presented. Synchronic data suggest that plural suffixes are older than the split of Nyun-Buy languages from a common ancestor. It is highly unlikely that it is borrowed from Mandinka, a regionally influential lingua franca which does not have noun classes. Instead, it seems plausible that plural suffixes have arisen through internal processes in which animacy and collective semantics have played a role. Potential candidates for a source morpheme for the plural suffix include a plural morpheme from the verbal domain or alternatively an associative plural. The role and impact of language contact and large scale borrowing on the extent of plural suffixation in the various Baïnounk languages is discussed.
On the intransitive usage of transitive verbs in Tooro, a Bantu language of Western Uganda
Authors: Kaji Shigeki
Published: December 2017

In some Bantu languages of western Uganda, we find an interesting construction in which typical transitive verbs such as “to cut (a tree),” “to bend (a wire),” “to smoke (meat),” “to tear (paper),” “to open (a door),” etc., are used intransitively, without any additional suffixes such as passive and neuter. I call this construction the syntactically intransitive construction of transitive verbs, and illustrate it with examples from Tooro, a Bantu language of western Uganda. However, two important restrictions apply regarding the use of this construction. One is that among transitive verbs, only those causing a change of state that take human agents and inanimate objects may be used intransitively, with inanimate objects being promoted to the subject position. The second restriction is that this construction may only be used with the perfective ending -
The semantics of pluractionals and punctuals in Konso (Cushitic, Ethiopia)
Authors: Orkaydo Ongaye Oda , Mous Maarten
Published: December 2017

Event number is an important grammatical category in Konso in addition to nominal number. Event number has two main values, singular and plural, which can be expressed by two distinct verbal morphological processes, punctual and pluractional. The interpretation of a sentence in terms of event number is arrived at through an intricate interplay of lexical meaning, the core meaning of the number marking morphology and the separate system of aspect. Each verb has its intrinsic values for event number associated with its systematic lexical distinctions in terms of event number. Event number includes both event internal and event external situations. The meaning of the markers of singular and plural event number has a primary and a secondary value. There are several situations in which the primary meaning is excluded and the secondary meaning is the only possible interpretation. The pluractional is fully productive while the punctual is not productive and has interesting structural morphological restrictions.
Swahili coordinated infinitives and non-canonical case-marking
Authors: Riedel Kristina , de Vos Mark
Published: December 2017

Swahili exhibits a construction where a tensed and an infinitival clause are coordinated. This is an example of “unbalanced” coordination insofar as one verb is tensed and the other is not. Furthermore, the licensing of an overt subject in the infinitival clause problematizes Case Theory because infinitival clauses do not assign nominative case. The construction is also puzzling because although it bears some characteristics of pseudo-coordination it also has properties reminiscent of true coordination. Despite the theoretical questions this raises, the construction has not been adequately addressed in the literature: to our knowledge, this paper presents the first-ever theoretical analysis of this construction. We argue that the conjuncts are at least coordinated AgrSPs (the subject agreement phrase) dominated by TP (the tense phrase) which licenses case-marked subjects in both conjuncts.
A Tool Kit for Discounted Cash Flow Valuation: Consistent and Inconsistent Ways to Value Risky Cash Flows
Authors: Schueler Andreas
Published: December 2017

The DCF method or multiples are used to value companies in practice. Starting with the value additivity principle, the paper presents a general framework for DCF valuation. This framework allows defining stepwise and aggregated approaches to value risky cash flows and identifying inconsistent approaches. The framework helps to integrate sales, contribution margin, operating leverage, and financial leverage into valuation approaches and shows the assumptions implied when multiples are used.
A comparison of error estimates at a point and on a set when solving ill-posed problems
Authors: Tanana V. P.
Published: December 2017

The problem of correlating the error estimates at a point and on a correctness class is of interest to many mathematicians.
Since the desired solution to a real ill-posed problem is unique, the error estimate obtained on the class becomes crude.
In this paper, by assuming that an exact solution is a piecewise smooth function, we prove, for a special class of incorrect problems, that an error estimate at a point is an infinitely small quantity compared with an exact estimate on a correctness set.
Thermodynamic Analysis of TEG-TEC Device Including Influence of Thomson Effect
Authors: Feng Yuanli , Chen Lingen , Meng Fankai , Sun Fengrui
Published: December 2017

A thermodynamic model of a thermoelectric cooler driven by thermoelectric generator (TEG-TEC) device is established considering Thomson effect. The performance is analyzed and optimized using numerical calculation based on non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory. The influence characteristics of Thomson effect on the optimal performance and variable selection are investigated by comparing the condition with and without Thomson effect. The results show that Thomson effect degrades the performance of TEG-TEC device, it decreases the cooling capacity by 27 %, decreases the coefficient of performance (COP) by 19 %, decreases the maximum cooling temperature difference by 11 % when the ratio of thermoelectric elements number is 0.6, the cold junction temperature of thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is 285 K and the hot junction temperature of thermoelectric generator (TEG) is 450 K. Thomson effect degrades the optimal performance of TEG-TEC device, it decreases the maximum cooling capacity by 28 % and decreases the maximum COP by 28 % under the same junction temperatures. Thomson effect narrows the optimal variable range and optimal working range. In the design of the devices, limited-number thermoelectric elements should be more allocated appropriately to TEG when consider Thomson effect. The results may provide some guidelines for the design of TEG-TEC devices.
Hyladelphys kalinowskiiin French Guiana: new observations and first notes on its nesting biology
Authors: Catzeflis Francois
Published: December 2017

A series of 14 new observations ofHyladelphys kalinowskii(Didelphidae) provides novel natural history information about this rare Neotropical opossum, which appears to occur throughout French Guiana, from highly degraded forest patches of the littoral zone to large tracks of pristine primary forests in the interior. Six nests were found containing one to several individuals, including females with suckling young. It appears that the components (dry leaves, small twigs) of some nests are glued together with a whitish cement of unknown origin. Including previously reported records, a total of 18 individuals ofH. kalinowskiihave now been caught or observed in French Guiana. External and cranial measurements of five adult specimens are tabulated.
Can Universals be Wholly Located where Their Instances are Located?
Authors: Mahlan John Robert
Published: December 2017

Many philosophers believe that there are both particulars and universals. Many of these philosophers, in turn, believe that universals areimmanent. On this view, universals are wholly located where their instances are located. Both Douglas Ehring and E.J. Lowe have argued that immanent universals do not exist on the grounds that nothing can be wholly located in multiple places simultaneously without contradiction. In this paper, I focus on Lowe’s argument, which has received far less attention in the literature. Using the theory of location found in Josh Parsons (2007), I show how Lowe’s argument against immanent universals can be resisted.
Crystal structure of 3-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-2,3-dihydro-2-thioxoquinazolin-4(1H)-one, C12H15N3OS
Authors: Mao Xian-Jie , Yan Ling-Ling , Cai Hong-Xin , Wang Yuan
Published: December 2017

C12H15N3OS, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.9840(18) Å, b = 11.331(3) Å, c = 14.428(3) Å, β = 105.702(4)°, V = 1256.5(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0639, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1293, T = 296K.
Crystal structure of 2,6-bis(3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)pyridine – 1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bromide (1/1), C23H22N13Br
Authors: Zhen Zhiqiang
Published: December 2017

C23H22N13Br, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.255(6) Å, b = 9.819(6) Å, c = 14.497(9) Å, α = 105.186(7)°, β = 90.030(7)°, γ = 102.228(7)°, V = 1240.3(13) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0434, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1116, T = 296(2) K.
Interaction of salicylic acid with zirconium diphosphate and its reactivity toward uranium (VI)
Authors: García-González Nidia , Ordoñez-Regil Eduardo , Almazán-Torres María Guadalupe , Simoni Eric
Published: December 2017

The interaction of salicylic acid with zirconium diphosphate surface and its reactivity toward uranium (VI) was investigated. The interaction of salicylic acid with zirconium diphosphate was firstly studied using several analytical techniques including atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sorption of uranium (VI) onto surface-modified zirconium diphosphate was evaluated by the classical batch method at room temperature. This study showed that the uranium (VI) sorption onto zirconium diphosphate is influenced by the presence of salicylic acid. A fluorescence spectroscopy study revealed the presence of a uranyl specie onto the modified solid surface. The spectroscopy results were then used to restrain the modeling of experimental sorption data, which are interpreted in terms of a constant capacitance model using the FITEQL code. The results indicated that interaction between the uranium (VI) and the surface of zirconium diphosphate modified with salicylic acid leads to the formation of a ternary surface complex.
Role of central oxytocin and dopamine systems in nociception and their possible interactions: suggested hypotheses
Authors: Gamal-Eltrabily Mohammed , Manzano-García Alfredo
Published: December 2017

Central oxytocin and dopamine have an important role in the process of nociception at the spinal level as well as supraspinal structures, e.g. anterior cingulate cortex, insular cortex, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and hypothalamus. Many studies have pointed out the importance of both systems in the pain descending modulatory system and in pain-related symptoms in some chronic disorders, e.g. Parkinson disease and fibromyalgia. The interaction between oxytocin and dopamine systems has been addressed in some motivational behaviors, e.g. maternal and sexual behaviors, pair bonding, and salience. In this aspect, we propose that an oxytocin-dopamine interaction could be present in nociception, and we also explain the possible hypotheses of such an interaction between these systems.