bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the initial growth of Shorea platyclados wildlings through the application of mycorrhizal biofertilizer under different levels of shading
Authors: Hartini K S , Rangkuti A B , Insani A , Manalu B P , Andini S W , Ruhidi A
Published: June 2024

The obstacles to the propagation of Shorea platyclados involve the uncertain flowering and fruiting seasons, the recalcitrant nature of the seeds, and the dependence on shade for growth. Furthermore, a mutualistic symbiosis, called mycorrhizae, usually exists between the roots and fungi, similar to other species of Dipterocarpaceae. This consequently hinders the regeneration process, which in turn may threaten the sustainability of this species in the wild. Ex-situ conservation using wildings is one of the measures that can be taken to overcome this issue. This study aimed to assess the initial growth of S. platyclados seedlings by administering different amountsof mycorrhizal biofertilizers under varying shade conditions at four and eight weeks of age in the nursery. A randomised complete block design was employed with the dose of biofertilizer as the treatment (0, 2.5, 5, 7 and 9 g/polybag) and shade as the group (0, 50, 60 and 70%). Observations were taken in the nursery at four and eight weeks of age. The observation parameters included the survival percentage, height growth, diameter growth, and vigour of the seedlings. There were significant differences in percentage of survival. Still, significant differences in height growth were observed with different doses of biofertilizer and shading at both four and eight weeks of age. Significant differences in diameter growth were observed with different doses of biofertilizer at both four and eight weeks of age, but not with different shades. No significant differences were observed for seedling vigour with different doses of biofertilizer and shade at both four and eight weeks of age. The optimal amount of biofertilizer was 5 g/polybag, resulting in maximum growth. This was achieved in a shade of 60%.
Diversity of bee forage plants in Karing Village Dairi Regency North Sumatra Indonesia
Authors: Widyastuti D E , Tarigan R B M , Rangkuti A B
Published: June 2024

Honey bees are one of the Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) that are cultivated by members of KTH Bunga Mekar. Honey bee food sources affect the number of colonies and honey bee productivity. Bees feed supply in the form of nectar and pollen as a source of carbohydrates and protein. This study aims to identify the diversity of honey bee forage plants. Vegetation analysis of honey bee forage plants was carried out by determining 10 observation plots using the purposive sampling method. The results of the research on seedlings obtained 8 species with a total of 23 individuals, saplings obtained 7 species with a total of 26 individuals, 7 species with a total of 34 individuals, and trees obtained 11 types of vegetation with a total of 41 individuals. Agricultural crops obtained as many as 14 types of plants with a total of 220 points of land with a radius of 1.5 km. For plant species outside the observation plot, 26 types of vegetation were found as a source of bee forage plants.
Types of lichen at Tenggulun Restoration Station, Leuser Ecosystem Area (LEA), Aceh Tamiang, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Fahmi M H , Siregar E S , Aththorick T A
Published: June 2024

Lichen is an organism formed by two organisms between algae and fungi (mutualistic symbiosis). The main part of lichen is the thallus. This study aims to identify types of lichen in the Tenggulun Restoration Station in Leuser Ecosystem Area (LEA) Aceh Tamiang, Aceh Province, Indonesia using the explore method. The research data is species names, characters, and ecological conditions which include altitude, humidity, temperature, pH, and light intensity. Sampling was carried out on all types of substrates along the tracking path. The results of a study found 25 species of lichen from 21 genus and 13 families with 3 different types of thallus. The most common types of thallus lichen found were grouped into 20 types of crustose, 4 types of foliose, and 1 type of filamentous. Ecological conditions at study sites are varied.
Structure and composition of rehabilitated mangrove in Lubuk Kertang Village, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Pandiangan P , Basyuni M , Amelia R , Al Mustaniroh S S , Elfiati D , Sidik F , Arifanti V B , Sivaipram I , Salmo S G
Published: June 2024

Mangroves are generally distributed in tidal zones along tropical and subtropical coasts and are known as woody halophytes. Mangroves are one of the most productive and efficient long-term natural carbon sinks. Deforestation and mangrove degradation produced substantial carbon emissions that account for the majority and salt marshes emissions. Mangroves play an important role in protecting against storms and sea level rise, preventing coastline erosion, regulating coastal water quality, providing habitat for commercial interests. This study was conducted to measure the diversity, structure and composition of forests in the rehabilitation of abandoned pond mangrove forests in Lubuk Kertang Village, West Brandan District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. The method used was to conduct a census in a 1.6 ha restoration forest by measuring the overall diameter, height and species found. Fourteen species were found, namely Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia marina, Acrostichum aureum, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops tags, Exoecaria agallocha, Finlaysonia maritimea, Nypa fruticans Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia alba, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, Sesuvium portulacastrum.
Decomposition rate of Rhizophora mucronata leaf litter and identification of fungi in mangrove ecosystems in Pulau Sembilan, Pangkalan Susu District, Langkat Regency
Authors: Yunasfi  , Samosir PA , Dalimunthe A , Lestari S , Auri M R A , Sihite Y , Ramadhan Y I , Fadhilah A , Noer Z
Published: June 2024

Mangrove leaves that fall to the ground play an important role in transferring organic matter from plants into the soil. Organic matter from leaf decomposition is important for mangrove growth and as a food source for ecosystems in the surrounding waters. This study aims to determine the rate of decompositionof Rhizophora mucronate leaves, thelevels of carbohydrates and proteins contained in the decomposed leaves, and the species of fungi present in the leaves. Research samples were taken from mangrove forest areas in Pulau Sembilan, Pangkalan Susu District, Langkat Regency, decomposition rate testing and fungi identification were carried out at the forest cultivation laboratory, Faculty of forestry, University of North Sumatra. The research was conducted from June to December 2022. The results showed that the decomposition rate was 5.9 and there were 5 species of fungi found in the leaves that had undergone decomposition, namely Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus glaucus, Aspergillus clatavus. The carbohydratecontent decreased during decomposition, with the highest content in the control on day 30 at10.7% and at the end of the 90th day observation only 1.89%. The remaining leaf litter of R.mucronata was 9.16 g with a weight loss of 30.84 g and a decomposition rate percentage of 22.89% on day 15 had the lowest weight loss of leaf litter, the remaining leaf litter was 22.86g with a weightloss of 17.14 gand a decomposition ratepercentage of 57.15%.
Potential biodiversity of biopesticide plants in the Sopotinjak Sector, Batang Gadis National Park (BGNP), Mandailing Natal, North Sumatera
Authors: Afifuddin Y , Rauf A , Aththorick T A
Published: June 2024

Indonesia is rich in biodiversity of plant species as a source of medicinal chemicals and biopesticides, most of which have not been identified for their chemical potential. One potential that has not been explored is a source of poisons for the manufacture of biopesticides. This research aims to identify and diversify poisonous plants in the Sopotinjak sector, Batang Gadis National Park (BGNP), Mandailing Natal. The results of the study show that the sopotinjak forest is included in secondary to a primary forest where the H” index (Shannon-Wienner Index) includes height (>3.00) at the level of trees (3.74), poles (3.11), and understoreys (3.41), and moderate (2.00-3.00) at the saplings (2.81) and seedlings (2.23). Vegetation analysis measurements showed that there were 16 species of biopesticide plants where all species had itching, burning, burning, and excessive irritation if exposed to the skin. Based on the level it shows that there are 8 species of tree level, 6 species of saplings and undergrowth, 4 species of poles, and 2 species of seedlings. Based on height it shows that the measurement area is from 1000-1600 masl was not significantly related to the number of individuals found and the species present, found 19-30 species of undergrowth, 9-14 species at seedling level, 16-21 species at sapling level, 10-30 species at pole level, and 32-50 species at tree level.
Fungi from mangrove forest and their potential for decolorization
Authors: Munir E , Fazri A A N , Saleh M N
Published: June 2024

Role of mangrove forests has been elucidated from different aspects including culture, economic and environments, and potential microbes from mangrove area has been interested from different viewpoints. This study is to determine the diversity of fungi from mangrove forest and their ability to degrade dye. Fungi were isolated from mangrove water of Belawan, North Sumatera, and screened for their decolorization activity in Mineral Salt Medium Agar (MSMA) containing liquid dye waste at a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Five isolates, JPM 1, JPM 10, JPM 12, JPM 14 and JPM 15, of 23 purified isolates exhibited better growth response until the highest concentration of waste (100%). All isolates showed better decolorization activity under liquid culture condition. JPM 14 85.66% exhibited the highest decolorization activity after 30 days. Molecular identification of 5 potential isolates indicted that all belong to different species, namely Aspergillus niger (JPM 1), Aspergillus citrinoterreus (JPM 10), Fusarium oxysporum (JPM 12), Montagnula chromolaenicola (JPM 14) and Trichoderma lentiforme (JPM 15).
Analysis of mangrove vegetation on Mursala Island
Authors: Rangkuti A B , Basyuni M , Elfiati D , Susetya I E , Hutagaol F , Rangkuti R R
Published: June 2024

Mangrove forest destruction is a serious problem that is currently occurring in almost all of Indonesia. To ensure the success of mangrove forest rehabilitation and as evaluation material, monitoring the condition of the rehabilitated mangrove ecosystem is very important. The methods used in measuring and observing mangrove vegetation are the path method and the grid line method. Transects were selected using the Purposive Sampling method after conducting an initial survey. The transect locations were chosen to reflect the overall condition of the mangrove forest in the study area. As a result of the research, 30 research plots were built, and 6 types of mangrove species from 3 families were obtained, namely Rhizophoraceae (Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorhiza), Combretaceae (Lumnitzera racemosa), and Meliaceae (Xylocarpus granatum). Rhizophora stylosa dominates with the highest IVI, namely (118.4), followed by Rhizophora mucronata (78.0) and Rhizophora Apiculata (55.1). This shows that Rhizophora stylosa has the strongest role in the tree community in the study area. At the seedling stage, the diversity index (H’) reached 0.4, indicating a relatively low level of diversity. At the sapling stage, the diversity index increased to 1.0585 and at the tree growth stage, the diversity index was 1.38, indicating a balanced level of diversity.
Antifungal potential of volatiles produced by Aspergillus neoniger F14 against Ganoderma boninense
Authors: Lutfia A , Rupaedah B , Hartanto A
Published: June 2024

Ganoderma boninense Pat. is a fungal pathogen that primarily afflicts oil palm, leading to decreased palm oil yield and significant economic losses. The recent focus on biocontrol agents producing acids and volatile compounds has gained momentum due to their straightforward synthesis and ease of interaction with the phytopathogen. This research is a component of a project aimed at exploring the local biodiversity of antagonistic fungi in the oil palm plantation environment, with a specific focus on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detected using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Isolate F14, a collection in the Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, BRIN, Indonesia was identified as Aspergillus neoniger, a novel report as a soil-originating fungal community in Indonesian oil palm plantations. VOC profiling using GC-MS revealed five dominant compounds namely (Z)-9-Tricosene, 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentane, Dihexyl carbonate, Pentadecane, and Tridecyl laurate. Based on aromatogram disc tests against G. boninense colonies, it was determined that VOCs from A. neoniger F14 inhibited growth by 48% on the fifth day. The findings of this study contribute supportive information for further investigations into VOCs produced by other local antagonistic isolates against G. boninense.
The effect of molasses addition on physicochemical and sensory characteristics of tempeh-based soy sauce
Authors: Widodo F , Lo D
Published: June 2024

Tempeh is an indigenous traditional fermented food from Indonesia that is rich in protein and phenolics. Unfortunately, tempeh is highly perishable, with a shelf life of 36-48 hours at room temperature. Making soy sauce from tempeh can increase tempeh’s functional value and shelf life. However, tempeh-based soy sauce has different sensory characteristics than koji-based soy sauce. Therefore, molasses can be used to increase consumer preferences. Molasses is a sweetener that has a unique aroma of caramels and dark color. This research aims to determine the effect of molasses addition on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of tempeh soy sauce based on consumer preferences. Four different concentrations of molasses (0%, 2%, 4% and 6%) in tempeh soy sauce were used in this research, with commercial soy sauce as a benchmark. After soy sauce was fermented for 2 months, L*, a* and b* values, total dissolved solids (TDS), hedonic and just about right (JAR) tests were analyzed. Results showed that adding molasses significantly increased L*, a*, b* and TDS values. Commercial soy sauce and tempeh-based soy sauce with 4% molasses and 6% molasses additions were not significantly different and were the most preferred. Based on the penalty test, commercial soy sauce and the addition of 4% molasses do not have the characteristics of entering the critical corner.
Effects of matcha supplementation on in vitro digestibility and sensory acceptance of soy milk
Authors: Lie E , Surya R
Published: June 2024

Obesity is a major non-communicable disease that has a strong correlation to other chronic diseases such as hypertension therefore the requirement of functional foods elevates throughout the year. Matcha is known for its anti-obesity properties due to its catechin content. Soymilk is also known for its bioactive compounds for health. This research’s aim is to understand the effect between matcha concentration towards inhibition ability of digestive enzymes. Sensory evaluation is carried out with home-use-test. Results show that matcha is a strong inhibitor of lipase and a weak inhibitor of amylase which may be due to the presence of tea polyphenols. Addition of 2.4% and 1.2% matcha shows 79.176% and 45.702% lipase inhibition respectively. In contrast, trypsin and pancreatin activity is enhanced. Whereas results show no inhibition of α-amylase activity. Sample 1.2% matcha shows protease inhibition and α- amylase inhibition value -15.670% and 3.216%. The addition of 1.2% matcha is likable amongst all which makes it the best formulation for functionality and acceptance.
Workers knowledge and anticipation in reducing adverse impacts of climate change
Authors: Sudarwati L , Badaruddin  , Zulkifli  , Humaizi  , Irmayani T
Published: June 2024

Climate change has become a global environmental issue that impacts all sectors of life, including agriculture. This study aims to determine workers’ knowledge of climate change in Karang Anyar Village Hamlet VII A Beringin Sub-district and workers’ anticipation strategies in reducing the adverse effects of climate change. This study used a qualitative approach. Informants were selected based on the criteria of wet-rice workers who have been farming for ten years by implementing semi-organic farming. Data were collected through interview techniques and literature study. Data analysis was conducted using the descriptive analysis method. The study results showed that workers know about climate change limited to seeing natural signs. Adverse impacts of climate change include a decrease in rice productivity. Workers anticipate reducing the adverse impacts of climate change by using rice varieties that are resistant to climate change, reducing the use of chemical insecticides and vegetable pesticides, and implementing a sustainable agricultural system.
A model-based study of the dehydration kinetics of pretreated cassava flour
Authors: Nainggolan E A , Anwar D , Urbanová K
Published: June 2024

The investigation of the dehydration kinetics of cassava tubers is crucial for understanding their role as raw materials and semi-finished products in the food industry. This knowledge is particularly important for achieving the desired attributes of cassava flour as a dry food product. The primary aims of this investigation were to examine the impact of different pretreatment methods applied to cassava pulp and identify the most suitable mathematical model for characterizing the drying kinetics of cassava flour. The cassava pulp was subjected to some pretreatments that included soaking and blanching. The application of a pretreatment soaking method using distilled water has shown the capability to decrease the duration of the drying process. The Wang and Singh model produced the highest coefficient of determination values ranging from 0.9535 to 0.9937 and the lowest sum square error values ranging from 0.0171 to 0.0213 across all processed cassava flour. In the cassava drying industry, knowing about the influence of soaking and blanching on the dehydration kinetics of the cassava flour can help set the proper process parameters.
Chemical and functional properties of starch nanoparticle from purple sweet potato var. ayamurasaki
Authors: Nasution A R , Julianti Elisa , Kaban Jamaran
Published: June 2024

The native purple sweet potato (PSP) starch of the Ayamurasaki variety has drawbacks that limit its application in food. This study aims to produce starch nanoparticles from PSP by hydrolysis using 3 types of acids, such as citric acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid. The hydrolysis process was carried out by incubating PSP starch suspension using an acid solution with a concentration of 7.5% and the ratio of starch and acid was 1:5 (w/w). The resulting PSP starch nanoparticles were analyzed for their chemical and functional characteristics. The study design used a Completely Randomized Non-Factorial Design with four repetitions. The results showed that the hydrolysis process produced starch with amylose content, total sugar content, reducing sugar content, and swelling power which were significantly different (p<0.05) from the native PSP starch. However, the dextrose equivalent value (DE), degree of polymerization (DP), and solubility of the PSP starch nanoparticles were not significantly different (p>0.05) from the native PSP starch. The type of acid had a significantly different effect on the amylose content, total sugar and reducing sugar content, but had no significant effect on the DE, DP, swelling power and solubility values of the PSP starch nanoparticles. Significantly (p<0.05) hydrolysis of starch with acetic acid resulted in the highest yield of starch nanoparticles. Starch hydrolysis with acetic acid significantly (p<0.05) produced the highest yield of PSP starch nanoparticles.
Ethnobotanical Study of Efficacious Plants in Urban Communities
Authors: Latifah S , Fachrudin K A
Published: June 2024

Indonesia’s biodiversity provides many benefits for the people of the archipelago, one of which is as an Efficacious Plant. They are renewable biological natural resources that have high economic prospects in the future. Traditional knowledge or wisdom community in the utilization of natural resources, especially plants (ethnobotany) is a cultural wealth that needs to be explored for management the tradition is not lost. The purpose of this research is to make an inventory of the types of Efficacious Plants that have been used by the family. The research method was carried out by observing the Efficacious Plant used by the community. The field data collection technique is observation field and semi-structured interviews or interviews deep Efficacious Plant grown to meet family needs will be made by themselves or sold to consumers. According to an ethnobotanical study at the research site, 21 useful plant species were found that were often used by the local population. Among these plants are Curcuma sp., Kaempferia galanga, Andrographis paniculata, Alpinia galanga and Zingiber sp. Is predominantly from the Zingiberaceae family. Parts of Efficacious Plant that are often used are leaves, fruit, bark, and rhizomes. Biological natural resources in the form of Efficacious plants have a large enough function to meet human health needs.
Ethnobotany of spice plants in Namo Rambe village, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Rambey R , Alwin S , Witri P , Yanri  , Sari Y E , Kembaren Y , Nelasufa F , Nainggolan I D
Published: June 2024

Ethnobotany is a science that studies the relationships between humans, both tribes and social groups, and their interactions with plants. Spices are defined as spices derived from plants or herbs, both fresh and dried, which are aromatic and can be used as seasonings, flavor enhancers, fragrances and food preservatives. This research was conducted in Namo Rambe Village, Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. Sampling was carried out using observation and interview methods and then analyzed descriptively by paying attention to the UVS (Use Value Species), FUV (Family use-value) and FL % (Fidelity level) values. Based on the results of interviews with 40 respondents, 25 types of spices consisting of 13 families were obtained. The highest UVS value forZ. officinaleis 0.375, meaningZ. officinalehas a significant role in people’s lives and is often used in various aspects of daily life. The lowest UVS index is 0.025%. found in 6 plant species, meaning these plant types are not often used in everyday life. The highest FUV index is 0.18 for spices from the Poaceae family, which means that plant types from the Poaceae family are often used by people in everyday life and the lowest is 0.03 for the Solanaceae family, which means that plant types from the Solanaceae family are not often used by people in their daily life. everyday life. The highest FL index (%) in spice plants is 32.5% in Z.officinaleplants, meaning that this type of plant is most widely used by people for food, drinks, medicines and the lowest FL index (%) in T. indica plants, A. schoenoprasum,C. frutencens, A. cardamomum, K. galangal, P. ningrum, M. fragransamounted to 2.5%, which means that people do not use many of these types of plants as medicinal ingredients.
Risk reduction through spatial plan: A case study from Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Pamungkas A , Larasati K D , Zakina N , Iranata D
Published: June 2024

Spatial planning has a vital role in mitigating and reducing risks by discouraging settlements and other forms of development in hazard-prone areas. Integrating spatial planning and disaster risk reduction is crucial to achieving resilient cities. Selecting Surabaya City in Indonesia as a case study, this research uses a questionnaire, in-depth interview, and documentary study to evaluate the performance of Surabaya spatial planning documents on risk reduction. This paper aims to formulate substantial steps to integrate risk reduction in Indonesian spatial planning based on evaluation to Surabaya spatial plans. The result shows that the performance of Surabaya spatial plans on average is scored 2.26 out of 5, indicating that the integration of disaster risk reduction on the Surabaya spatial planning document is still low. In response to this performance gap, eight policy recommendations are formulated to improve the future Indonesian spatial plan. In conclusion, the policy recommendations for future Indonesian spatial planning in making resilient cities are; conducting comprehensive research on risk management, mainstreaming risk reduction in development policies, limiting urban development in hazard-prone areas, providing adequate risk reduction infrastructures and emergency infrastructures, considering both hazard and risk maps for land-use allocation, making a detailed land-use control based on varieties of relevant hazards, and enacting clear incentives and disincentives mechanism related to risk reduction.
Community Organizing towards Climate Smart Disaster Risk Management in Flood-prone Settlement Revitalization Project (The Case of RW 01 Mojo, Surakarta, in Bengawan Solo Riverbank)
Authors: Andini I
Published: June 2024

Squatter settlement of Bengawan Solo riverbank had been a complicated issue since early 2000s. The problem of land tenure, substandard infrastructure, illegal housing, and low socio-economic resilience adding up to the already flood-prone urban area of Surakarta. This paper aimed to understand the dynamics of community organization during the proses of revitalization project. Using a qualitative approach, a range of data were collected from official documents, two indepth interviews and two focus group discussions. Revitalization project came up looking like a panacea in a collaborative approach manifesting in negotiation on how revitalization took place. The findings were revealed using CSDRM tool, uncovered that upon the implementation, stakeholders network dynamics had undergone significant changes through the process of community organizing. External actors offered a trigger to the community to organize itself, to handle conflict and to plan a resolution. The dynamics of stakeholder network showed that innovative approach of urban revitalization in RW 1 Mojo has unleash the potentials of riverbank community to contribute more towards a resilient urban area, induced by the external stakeholders.
Planning, Optimization and Development of River Transportation in Supporting The Development of Mega City IKN, Balikpapan and Samarinda
Authors: Hidayat Arief , Hadid Muhammad , Hijriah
Published: June 2024

This research aims to plan, increase the potential and optimize river transportation in the IKN area, Balikpapan City and Samarinda which can become one of the driving forces of the economy by moving people and goods more efficiently and integrated between other modes of transportation such as road, sea and air networks. River transportation is one of the main choices for the National Capital Region (IKN), Balikpapan City and Samarinda City as the IKN Megapolitan area. Because, the IKN Megapolitan area can be fully accessed by river transportation, and can reduce the burden on land transportation which can cause congestion. This river transportation is specifically related to the movement of passengers and logistics of industrial goods and services as well as food products to the IKN area. Indicators of regional characteristics, such as river physics, existing facilities, ship call data, origin destination data or OD matrix, regional spatial layout, and passenger and goods data are important in river development analysis and strategies. The method used uses descriptive analysis for qualitative data, while statistical analysis analyzes needs and analyzes strategies for developing river transportation in the future. The expected results are in the form of strategy documents, planning and optimization of river transportation development in the IKN region and its surroundings.
Implementing the Smart Village Concept for Disaster Relocation Area : A case Study of Mount Semeru Eruption Relocation Settlements in Lumajang Regency
Authors: Alfiah R , Koesoemawati D J
Published: June 2024

The eruption of Mount Semeru was able to attract national attention, raising the assumption that early warning conditions for the community were considered poor. This was motivated by the unpreparedness of residents in carrying out self-evacuation so many victims were lost and the community had to be homeless. The research location is in Sumbermujur Village, Candipuro District, Lumajang Regency with an area of 81 Ha. This study aims to determine the conditions, priority aspects, and adaptation strategies of the community and government in areas affected by the eruption of Mount Semeru. The method used in this study is a multilevel Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine development priorities that can be carried out in implementing the smart village concept in the Mount Semeru relocation residential area. The smart village components studied include Smart Economy, Smart People, Smart Government, Smart Environment, and Smart Living. The results showed that the priority variable is smart People, with priority indicators on each variable being the use of information technology in production, distribution, and consumption schemes; level of education; Integrated online-based public services; Application of regulations related to sustainable villages; Educational facilities.
Measuring Levels of Infrastructure Development and its Impact on Regional Growth - Insights from Indonesia
Authors: Jatayu A , Zahara S , Syafitri R A W D , Dafadhilah S , Roosyanindhita D R , Sidiq M I , Priambodo M S
Published: June 2024

Infrastructure development is a linchpin for regional growth, especially in emerging economies like Indonesia. There have been many debates over the necessity of infrastructure investment over direct economic stimuli. This study delves into the critical role of infrastructure in shaping regional dynamics in Indonesia. We employ the Infrastructure Development Index (IDI), a composite metric amalgamating various infrastructure clusters into a singular value. A sample of strategic region in Indonesia are observed in this research, classified into urban and non-urban areas to highlight the different levels of impact the infrastructure development brings. Several regional development indicators such as: (a) economic growth; (b) poverty rate; (c) gini index; (d) human development index; and (e) unemployment rate is used to explore its relationship with infrastructure development. This research shows a nuanced pattern where mainly urban areas exhibiting higher IDI value and higher impact on its regional growth and development. While non-urban areas still experiencing lower impact due to the difficulties in infrastructure access and the disparity of access between the areas. It indicates the prevailing urban bias in infrastructure development, needing an improved urban-rural linkage on overall economic input-output processes. In sum, this study provides further insights into the pivotal role of infrastructure in regional development in Indonesia, offering a roadmap for informed decision-making in the pursuit of comprehensive and sustainable regional progress.
Spatio Temporal Variations of Ridehailing Use on Campus Travel in Surabaya City, Indonesia
Authors: Handayeni K D M E , Rahma N Z C , Anindya A I
Published: June 2024

Surabaya, one of Indonesia’s most densely populated cities, faces the challenge of massive urbanization and heavy traffic congestion. The city’s population of over three million, coupled with high mobility, has led to a surge in motorized vehicles, especially private cars. This is a direct consequence of the growth and development of the city. The prevalence of ride-hailing services in Surabaya has emerged as a common phenomenon, offering a solution to the rising demand for transportation services. By embracing ride-hailing services, the public has transitioned from traditional modes of transportation to digitally enabled, more convenient alternatives. From a spatial perspective, understanding the role of geographical factors is crucial in predicting ride-hailing trends. This research employs the Geographical Weighted Regression (GWR) method to analyze the factors influencing ride-hailing demand for students commuting to and from their campuses during different periods. Primary data collection is conducted through questionnaires to gather information about travel characteristics such as distance, time, cost, and frequency. Secondary data sources include data related to road density (arterial, collector, local roads), density, destination accessibility, diversity (land-use mix entropy), and transit access (bus stops and stations). The findings reveal significant variables influencing variations in ride-hailing demand for student commuters in Surabaya based on periods. These include travel characteristics (cost/time/distance), design (neighborhood road density), destination accessibility (tourist attractions, sports and leisure facilities, cultural and educational services, and commercial, and residential density), as well as transit access at bus stops and stations.
Incremental Housing Application to Enhance Kampung Resilience
Authors: Septanti D , Ula Z M , Sumartinah H R , Zahra V F , Etsahandy N A
Published: June 2024

Rapid urbanization without the cities’ ability to accommodate it can lead to the development of poorer area settlements in urban areas. The community, government, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have carried out various interventions to improve the condition of poorer area settlements. However, many problems remain unresolved, including the sustainability issues in poorer area settlement improvement. This study aims to formulate a strategy to ensure the sustainability of poorer area improvement efforts and kampung resilience by applying the concept of incremental housing using RISHA (Rumah Instan Sederhana Sehat), with Kampung Metal (Mepet Tanggul, translated as ‘next to the embankment’ in Indonesian) serving as a case study. Kampung Metal is located near the Bengawan Solo River embankment in Surakarta, Indonesia. Improvement of the housing units with incremental housing can strengthen the kampung resiliency and create a healthy, safe, and sustainable living environment. This study uses a qualitative strategy by conducting observation and content analysis on planning and report documents. The results show that the concept of incremental housing is suitable to be applied as an effort to improve poorer area settlements in Kampung Metal by improving the physical condition of the kampung through community participation to produce a resilient and sustainable living environment.
Formal Housing Livability Criteria in the Peri-Urban Area of Taman District, Sidoarjo Regency
Authors: Andrakayana M , Ariastita P G
Published: June 2024

Livability is an environmental system that contributes to physical, social, and mental well-being and is related to the satisfaction of living in a specific location. Taman District in Sidoarjo Regency, as one of the peri-urban areas near Surabaya, has residential areas that are experiencing positive growth, including 22 formal housing developments built by developers. The residents of these formal housing developments in the Taman District face several issues that affect their quality of life, including river pollution from industrial waste, road surface damages, poor water quality, and power outages. While there have been many institutions and studies discussing livability, specific research on livability in formal housing within peri-urban areas is still limited. Given this situation, there is a research gap in the field of livability assessment within the context of formal housing in peri-urban areas. Therefore, this research aims to formulate criteria that influence the livability of formal housing in the Taman District, Sidoarjo Regency. The research method used is the Delphi analysis technique conducted through three rounds of interviews with experts in housing and development field. By using this method, experts are able to provide considerations related to criteria that affect livability based on their knowledges and experiences. The whole analysis process resulted in the identification of 28 criteria, which are divided into five indicators: physical environments, economics, socials, facilities, and utilities. This research is important to help the government and developers in addressing livability issues in the research area.
From 15-Minutes City to Proximity Paradigm: Insights from Surabaya Rungkut Development Unit
Authors: Fabiansa A , Navastara A M , Yusuf M , Ramadhan M R , Akbar R A
Published: June 2024

Quality of life correlates with mobility and transportation. The massive use of motorized vehicles increases pollution and transportation costs incurred, thus increasing the negative impact on urban systems that should create a more responsive, efficient, and sustainable system in facing these challenges. Therefore, there is a clear urgency to realize the distribution of facilities and infrastructure into smaller units, one of which is achieved by the 15-Minutes City concept. This research uses Content Analysis and Network Analysis respectively to identify the types of facilities and amenities and measure the residential reachability of each facility. There are 15 facilities categorized into 7 types of facilities. This study found that within 15 minutes, there are facilities that are most accessible on foot, namely: grocery stores, pharmacies, and kindergartens, and by cycling, namely: grocery stores, places of worship, and kindergartens. It is hoped that the results of this study can serve as a reference for the government in formulating policies for providing facilities based on the reachability of various modes of transportation, especially walking and cycling.
Patterns of ride sourcing adoption among age groups in three metropolitan cities of Indonesia
Authors: Khaitami A M , Nurlaela S , Dharmowijoyo D B E
Published: June 2024

This paper aims to investigate the pattern of ride sourcing adoption among different age groups in Indonesia, represented by the three metropolitan regions. Using descriptive analysis and multivariate analysis (Principal Component Analysis), two distinct models were segmented according to age (under 25-year-old and over 25-year-old) and their characteristics that influence ride sourcing adoption were explored. The paper found some interesting patterns. Firstly, the average users of ride sourcing-based goods movement services are women under 25 years old, are college students, live in rented/boarding houses, have a high school degree or equivalent level of education, have 3 to 4 family members, on average have 2 cars and 1 motorcycle per family, have better access to shopping center facilities, educational facilities, restaurant, pharmacies or drug stores, main roads, medical facilities, pedestrian and cyclist facilities, and green open spaces, have a high time allocation for online activities or work/study, and have a high frequency of use of services for the food category before the pandemic. Secondly, comparing both age groups, 4 (four) types of ride sourcing services were formed among the groups in different ways, i.e., parcels; medicine and groceries; non-food; inner-city package and food service grouping were formed among the “under 25 years age” users; while the “above 25 years age” were grouping into users of medicines, groceries, non-food; inner-city parcels and out of the city packages; big parcels and out of the city letters; and foods. Thirdly, in both age group, the services of ride sourcing adoption were significantly correlated with socio-demographic factors like gender, employment status, income level, and ownership of a vehicle. Fourth, in both age group, the services were also positively and significantly impacted by increased time allocated for work and study, outside socializing, and online shopping. In contrast, a greater allocation of out-of-home maintenance had a negative effect. Fifth, in both age group, the services were significantly correlated with the different characteristics of the built environment. However, there were different pattern as well among the two groups such as for those over the age of 25, an increase in income will also result in an increase in service usage across all the services and the usage were in line with the high intensity of work/study from home. On the other hand, the under 25 age group tended to use all services more frequently if they spend more time for work or study.
Open Government Data for Urban Management in Indonesia’s Smart Cities
Authors: Rahmah C , Rilansari V , Ulhaq W D , Satyarthi J
Published: June 2024

Rapid implementation of Open Government Data (OGD) across the world comes as the result of the advancement of Information, and Communication Technology in the government sectors to support decision making process including for urban planning. In one side, countries such as European countries, UK, and US has been implementing OGD while developing the framework and the maturity standard to ensure its quality. In the other side, Indonesia had just begun to develop several OGD portals which some of the practices could be found in its smart city namely Jakarta, Bandung, and Surabaya. The established OGD portals goals are to achieve transparency, government accountability, support innovation and development. This data-rich portals have potential roles for creating data-driven urban management. However, very least research observed implication of OGD practices in Indonesia for urban management. Therefore, this study aims to answer the question on how OGD portal could support urban management in Indonesia smart cities. The study identifies the implication of three open government data portals operated by smart cities in Indonesia by extracting and analysing the available data for urban management. The identification will be conducted with descriptive qualitative method based on open data principles and data-driven urban management dimensions. The study finding will explore the OGD practice level for urban management in Indonesia and recommend the improvement if needed.
Monitoring Land Surface Temperature Trends in Indonesia
Authors: Sianturi R S , Perdana A P , Ramdani F
Published: June 2024

Monitoring Land Surface Temperature (LST) trends helps identify provinces vulnerable to temperature changes and aids in developing appropriate adaptation and mitigation strategies. This research article aims to monitor LST trends in Indonesia from 2000 to 2022 using MODIS Aqua Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity (MYD11A1) imageries. The study utilizes LST Day and LST Night datasets obtained from MYD11A1 datasets to achieve its research objective. Sens’ Slope is employed to identify and measure the magnitude and direction of temperature changes, while the Mann-Kendall trend test detects significant LST trends. GEE is used to process and analyze MODIS LST data. The findings show a significant increase in LST Night during the June-August (JJA) period in most provinces of Indonesia. LST Day data also stresses that some provinces in Indonesia are experiencing a warming trend. Elevation and population increases may contribute to the observed increasing LST trend. Notably, a short-term decrease in LST may occur within the long-term increasing LST trend.
Spatial Transformation Analysis in Menganti Subdistrict: A Study of Peri-Urban Area Typologies in the Face of Urban Expansion
Authors: Firmansyah F , Jatayu A , Imaduddin B R
Published: June 2024

The swift urbanization of Indonesian cities, notably Surabaya, has spurred population growth and a heightened demand for land, leading to the expansion of urban areas into peri-urban regions like Menganti District. This district, bordering Surabaya, experiences significant land-use change shaped by the city’s expansion, making it a compelling area for analysis due to its complex dynamics. This study aims to analyze Menganti’s peri-urban spatial transformation and its typology based on the land-use triangle continuum theory. Using indicators like land-use proportions, building density, and educational and healthcare facility distribution, the analysis delineates four zones: Urban fringe, Urban-Rural fringe, Rural-Urban fringe, and Rural-fringe zones. The analysis further involves comparing land-use maps from 2017 and 2022, revealing that Urban fringe and Rural fringe zones primarily witness residential land use growth, while Urban-Rural fringe and Rural-Urban fringe display a mix of residential, industrial, commercial, and warehouse land use growth. Analyzing factors influencing spatial transformation in Menganti’s peri-urban area through Delphi and AHP techniques underscores elements like trend of land-use change, road networks, trade facilities, distance from the district center and Surabaya city, and land prices as pivotal influences. Understanding these dynamics aids in comprehending the evolving landscape and guiding sustainable development strategies in peri-urban regions experiencing urban expansion.
Alterations in Surabaya resident’s travel habit brought on by the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Mahardi P , Firmansyah AR , Supriyatno D
Published: June 2024

This paper discusses changes in the travel patterns of the people of Surabaya City as a consequence of the Covid-19 outbreak. This study looked at socioeconomic and household aspects, spatial characteristics, perceptions of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and respondents’ intentions to partake in activities outside of the home under the new normal. It also looked into respondents’ virtual activity behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors carried out web-based and face-to-face questionnaire survey on the characteristics of travellers, virtual pursuits throughout the pandemic and the desire to participate in activities outside the home of 354 respondents. Research on virtual activities conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic indicates that working or studying online accounts for the majority of virtual activity (five to six times per week). On the other hand, ordering meal delivery and shopping for basic and secondary requirements online are rare instances of virtual activity. With the exception of going shopping for basic necessities, more than 60% of respondents decided to cut back on their outside activities while maintaining the same frequency of activity as before the pandemic.
Ride-hailing Service and The Shape of Urban Mobility (Case Study: The City of Makassar, Indonesia)
Authors: Natalia Venny Veronica , Musu Zean Amadeus
Published: June 2024

The significant gap between supply and demand of flexible and comfortable public transport within cities in the lower-income countries encourages the opportunity for the private sector to provide a ride-hailing service. Since its introduction in 2010, the ride-hailing service has continued to grow and has shaped urban mobility in the past twenty years. Due to the growth of ride-hailing services, some concerns arise regarding their contribution to the increasing traffic volume and the increased dependency on smaller-capacity vehicles in citizen mobility. This study aims to: 1) analyze the travel patterns of ride-hailing users based on their mobility needs; 2) analyze the relationship between travel characteristics and users’ socio-economic background and travel characteristics; 3) analyze the implication of ride-hailing users in shaping Makassar’s urban mobility. This study focused on the city of Makassar as the case study. The data in this study was obtained from an online survey of ride-hailing users with 270 samples. Several approaches are used for the analysis, i.e., descriptive statistics, spatial analysis, and network analysis. The result shows that 1) Most of the ride-hailing users are young generation (Gen Z). They perform a short-distance trip daily (internal trip within the district). 2) Regardless of the users’ age, income, and private vehicle ownership, ease of service is the foremost preference of the users since it is application-based and can be accessed using a smartphone. Door-to-door service is also one of the advantages provided by ride-hailing services.