bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KOMPRES HANGAT GARAM KROSOK TERHADAP NYERI LUTUT PADA LANSIA DI KELURAHAN DARMO KECAMATAN WONOKROMO SURABAYA
Authors: Astuti Eny
Published: October 2021

Setiap orang, apalagi lansia (lanjut usia), tentu pernah merasakan nyeri selama perjalanan hidupnya. Perasaan nyeri ini kualitas dan kuantitasnya berbeda dari satu orang ke orang lain, tergantung dari tempat nyeri, waktu, penyebab dan lain-lain. Nyeri adalah sesuatu hal yang bersifat subjektif, tidak ada dua orang sekalipun yang mengalami kesamaan rasa nyeri. Beberapa terapi nonfarmakologi yang dapat diambil guna membantu mengurangi nyeri sendi pada lansia adalah kompres garam hangat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompres air garam hangat terhadap nyeri sendi pada lansia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan dan  menggunakan desain one group pretest-posttest. Variabel independen yaitu terapi dan one group pretest-posttest. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 13 responden dengan metode consecutive sampling. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan  uji Wilcoxon. Sebelum dilakukan kompres garam hangat di dapatkan skala nyeri sedang 11 lansia (84,6%) sedangkan sesudah dilakukan kompres garam hangat di dapatkan skala nyeri ringan 12 lansia (92,3%) Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukan penurunan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dengan nilai p= 0,000, sehingga ada pengaruh kompres  hangat garam krosok  terhadap nyeri lutut pada lansia di kelurahan Darmo Kecamatan Wonokromo Surabaya .Oleh karena itu penggunaan kompres hangat garam krosok dapat dipakai sebagai alternatif penanganan nyeri sendi pada lutut untuk lansia.
ASUHAN KEBIDANAN CONTINUITY OF CARE PADA NY “A” USIA 24 TAHUN GIP0000 DARI MASA KEHAMILAN HINGGA MASA NIFAS DI PMB ANY ISWAHYUNI, SURABAYA
Authors: Rhomadona Shinta Wurdiana , Leberina Elvina
Published: October 2021

Angka kematian ibu (AKI) dan angka kematian bayi (AKB) menjadi salah satu indikator penting dari derajat kesehatan masyarakat. COC. Untuk mencegah atau mengurangi AKI dan AKB tenaga kesehatan memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas secara COC.Tujuan tugas akhir ini adalah menerapkan asuhan kebidanan komprehensif secara Continuity  Of Care pada Ny.A di PMB Any Iswahyuni Surabaya Pendekatan yang dilakukan secara diskriptif dimana peneliti mengumpulkan data dan mendiskripsikan proses asuhan kebidanan secara komprehensif dengan anamnesa dan observasi kepada  ibu hamil trimester III, bersalin, nifas, bayi baru lahir,  dan keluarga berencana dan didokumentasikan dengan model SOAP yaitu pengumpulan data subjektif, objektif, assessment serta penatalaksanaan. Hasil penelitian dilakukan pendampingan secara COC di PMB Listiani baik secara langsung maupun telemedicine dari tanggal 03 Januari 2021 sampai dengan 8 Maret 2021 Asuhan kebidanan Ny.A pada kehamilan, proses persalinan, nifas, bayi baru lahir, dan keluarga berencana tidak ditemukan kesenjangan antara teori dan kasus. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai tenaga kesehatan bidan dapat menenerapkan asuhan kebidanan secara COC dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan yang membutuhkan hubungan terus menerus antara pasien dan tenaga kesehatan, yaitu memantau kondisi ibu hamil mulai dari awal kehamilan sampai proses persalinan ke tenaga kesehatan, pemantauan bayi baru lahir dari tanda infeksi, komplikasi pasca lahir serta fasilitator untuk pasangan usia subur dalam pelayanan keluarga berencana.
A Case Study on Gastric Cancer in South Korea versus France
Authors: Yu Megan , Wang Rachel , Nikjeh Omid , Farzanegan Maryam
Published: October 2021

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) unveil the stark disparities to health equity between developed countries across the globe. Although prevention, treatment, and research of certain NCDs are well-established and funded, others, specifically gastric cancer (GC), do not share the same notoriety. In particular, GC killed more than 768,793 people globally with 1.09 million GC diagnoses in 2020 alone (The Global Cancer Observatory, 2020). This data elucidates the merit of GC for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) initiatives. By examining social determinants between two economically similar countries through an evidence-based case methodology, the results may gleen into avoidable mortality and economic burden, successful prevention, and more favorable prognosis in decreasing the prevalence of GC. This review aims to compare South Korea and France which have one of the highest and lowest prevalence of GC, respectively. The concluding model will serve as a recommendation for countries with high prevalence of GC towards achieving SDG 3, which promotes health and wellbeing across the life course, while advocating for the declaration of health as a human right (United Nations, 2020). Pragmatic, tangible recommendations include partnerships with media to reduce alcohol consumption, sodium reduction campaigns and nutrition programs to promote healthy diets, and expansion of medical clinics in rural areas to reach those who lack access to proper healthcare.
Can the Neoliberal Subject Condemn [Him]self?: Locating Masculinity at FOX News in Bombshell
Authors: Wong Hui , Strang Brent
Published: October 2021

Director Jay Roach’s 2019 film Bombshell draws on a series of real-life sexual allegations against FOX News founder Roger Ailes, depicting the climate in the newsroom and portraying a number of FOX personalities. As a film marketed for mass audiences, it is crucial to question the extent to which the film successfully serves to critique sexism in the FOX News newsroom. The purpose of this paper is thus to examine the portrayal of masculinity and sexism and FOX News in Bombshell. To explore the dynamic of this newsroom, this paper centers on interrogating Bombshell against the notion of a “feminist film”. I first attempt to analyze and locate gendered dynamics within Bombshell, then reflect on portrayed gendered dynamics with reference to the history of FOX News and the way competing masculinities work in the news organization. The FOX News newsroom is unique in the ways varying dynamics of gender manifest within its locale: in front of the camera, a kind of neoconservative “traditionalist” morality and gender order; behind the camera, an “amoral” gender dynamic that aligns with neoliberal free-market principles. I then explore how a gender order is upheld in contradiction, often by the very subjects who are subjected under a masculine-dominant gender order. I question the possibility of any future of gender egalitarianism at FOX News, and conclude by arguing that Bombshell misses the mark in interrogating a gender order, instead problematically framing sexism as chiefly upheld by individuals.
Investigating the Economic Impacts of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Different Demographics
Authors: Wu Melissa , Yu Emily , Kodali Aditi , Wang Kevina , Chen Ray , Song Karen , Wang Victoria , Li Sophia , Zhong Andrew , Liu David , Zhang Elaine , Luu Jonathan , Yao Kathleen , Pang Songhan , Zhang Austin , Deller Hanna , Bose Drishika , Chen Angela , Wu Yuhsien
Published: October 2021

With increases in unemployment and individuals experiencing mental health symptoms, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have become a prevalent issue in society. The purpose of this paper is to educate communities about the current effects of COVID-19 on the economy as well as mental health. We aim to establish connections between economic hardships and patterns of depression and anxiety across different demographic groups within the U.S. labor force participation pool aged 18 or older. We analyzed existing literature on past recessions, past pandemics, and the current pandemic’s impacts. The findings from past literature suggest that the pandemic has caused various economic impacts which in turn affect mental health, particularlyanxiety and depression rates. We used data from the U.S. Census Bureau Household Pulse Survey (HPS) to conduct chi-squared tests of independence on employment income loss and symptoms of anxiety and depression over 12 weeks of the pandemic. For each demographic variable (race, income level, gender, and age), we found an association between each categoryand experienced employment income loss. The tests yielded the same conclusions for the data of the symptoms of anxiety and depression.
OFICINA DE MÚSICA COMO FERRAMENTA DE REABILITAÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL: UM RELATO EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Souza Rodrigues Yasmim
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Discorrer sobre o uso da música como instrumento reabilitador para sujeitos com transtornos mentais graves. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de experiência com abordagem qualitativa, em razão de apresentar um estudo voltado a entender os fatos, de acordo com a perspectiva dos participantes da situação analisada Resultados: A música atua como um canal expressivo capaz de proporcionar a expressão dos conflitos emocionais; proporciona conforto e constitui uma via de enfrentamento a doença mental pois resgata as memórias vivenciadas e atua como via de expressão de conflitos internos e subjetividades tendo a oficina terapêutica como espaço potencializador. Conclusão: A partir da experiência vivenciada, pode-se assegurar que o uso da música como ferramenta no processo de reabilitação psicossocial é positivo, pois permite ao sujeito expressar suas emoções e demandas sem julgamentos ou imposições, assim o permite ser coparticipativo no processo de reabilitação psicossocial.
A Study on Requirement Specifications and Modifications During the Software Development Life Cycle in M/S Kakunje Software Private Limited
Authors: P. S. Nethravathi , Aithal P. S.
Published: October 2021

Background/Purpose: In order to face the challenge of optimization and allocation of necessary requirements to complete a project with in the allocated time period, the project manager must be efficient in applying different technical skills and managerial strategies to the project management process. In order to develop a software and mobile application product, a company schedules different process as per the specified order and unique requirements. As the history of project management reminds that most of the industries started to implement this concept by observing the success of mega engineering projects because of the effective utilization of project management concept.

Objective: This work is carried to understand the concepts of project management in software firms. To investigate the implementation and importance of these concepts and to know the role of project manager in managing the process in software development.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Kakunje Software Private Limited, Mangalore, provides excellent and state-of-the-art customized software and hardware solutions as per the necessities of customers. In order to manage the project activities CEO, CFO and CTO all together acts as project manager. The software development project management process starts by identifying needs and recommending solutions, which can be delivered to value its stakeholders. At the second phase the actual development will begin and the developed software will be tested according to customer requirements.

Findings/Results: Budgeting, cost management, finance planning etc., represented by CPM and PERT charts by using Microsoft Project and Atlassian JIRA project management software. The project resources, which are used to manage the project and allocation of technical staff are represented by histogram. With the help of Gantt Chart software development project schedule of 5 month are shown.

Conclusion: To manage Kakunje business in an effective and gainful manner, the company managed overall internal and external risks of the project. By using the project management software, the company condensed the project manager’s efforts and human errors to manage multiple projects.

Paper Type: Case study-based Research Analysis
The Shackles of The Mirror? - A Case Study on Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Authors: Thomas Smita B. , Kotian Suphala
Published: October 2021

Purpose: This case study was done to do a detailed study on the recent trends with photographs and how it affects the body dysmorphic disorder [BDD] across all genders and age groups. The intention was to understand how is body dysmorphic disorder affects persons eating habits, social interaction, and body image. In this article, various research studies and scholarly articles were studied to understand in detail regarding Body dysmorphic disorder. The emphasis was given on age, gender, social media networking site users, etc. It was also intended to study how the media influences people towards a certain skin color and body type. It was found not a single study was done in India though there are articles by Indian authors on body shaming, body image, and how media is obsessed with unrealistic beauty standards which indirectly creates body image concerns in people. This case study justifies the need for studies to be done in India to identify Body dysmorphic disorder using various scales like Body image concern inventory, etc.
Objective: This case study was done to understand the studies done on body dysmorphic disorder around the world. To understand the pattern, occurrence ratio between youngsters and elderly and social media users and non-users.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Detailed Review of literature was done on various scholarly articles provided over medical, psychology, and journal websites.
Findings/Results: Most of the studies were done in European countries and very few in Asia. The studies revealed that women are more affected by BDD than men. People active on social networking sites, following celebrities, and media were more discontent with their body parts or in general. Studies also show that the younger population is more affected by body dysmorphic disorder. It was also noted that there was no direct study done in India for identifying body dysmorphic disorder.
Type of Paper: Research Case Study.
Multiple sclerosis in the otoneurology outpatient clinic: interdisciplinary cooperation between otoneurologist and neurologist
Authors: Pastorková Nikola , Holý Richard , Procházková Klára , Mayerová Karolina , Vašina Libor , Lacman Jiří , Musilová Šárka , Astl Jaromír
Published: October 2021

Summary Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic multifocal inflammatory disease affecting the CNS, with autoimmune and neurodegenerative processes involved in its pathogenesis. Otoneurology outpatient clinic patients presenting with hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo may eventually be newly dia­gnosed MS patients. An otoneurologist specialist may be the first physician to suspect MS and refer the patient for an MRI and neurological examination. Early dia­gnosis and subsequent treatment of MS can delay permanent disability. Aim: Analysis of the incidence of MS patients in an otoneurological outpatient clinic during a twenty-year period. To increase the otoneurologists’ awareness of MS dia­gnosis. Methods and materials: Of 6,000 patients, who were newly examined in an otoneurology outpatient clinic between 2000 and 2021, data of 11 patients (0,18%) (5 male/6 female, aged 25–58 years) with MS or suspected of MS were retrospectively evaluated. Results: In 11 patients, MS was suspected or ongoing. In 4 of those patients, otoneurological examination contributed to the first detection of MS by an otoneurologist. The first MS symptoms included hearing loss, tinnitus, instability, and post-infection visual disorder. Conclusion: The otoneurologist must consider that sudden hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo may be the first manifestations of MS. Early dia­gnosis of MS increases the likelihood that with treatment, the progression of the disease will be slowed. Interdisciplinary cooperation between the otoneurologists and neurologists is very important for the dia­gnosis of MS. Key words multiple sclerosis – sensorineural hearing loss – tinnitus – vertigo – otoneurology
A REVIEW OF THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING FOR MONITORING AND QUANTIFYING CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN MARGINAL LANDS
Authors: Carbonell-Rivera Juan Pedro , Estornell Javier , Ruiz Luis Á. , Abad Alfonso , Felten Bettina , Torralba Jesús
Published: October 2021

In recent years, Remote Sensing (RS) and its derived products have been used as a key tool for the detection, monitoring,management and future use of Marginal Lands (ML). Currently, there is no single, universally accepted definition of theterm and there is a wide variety of synonyms. In this paper, we conduct a compilation of synonyms and meanings thatencompass the term, as well as propose a definition. To reach this objective, an overview of the state of the art of ML isdone, visualising trends by science maps, based on bibliographic data of established research journals, found in GoogleScholar, Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus search engines. The bibliographic review carried out shows that the study ofML has traditionally been carried out with an ad hoc basis focused on the objective to be achieved, this aspect and otherknowledge gaps are discussed to analyse the global study of ML. Due to the broad spectrum of uses in which ML havebeen studied, the work has been focused on RS for monitoring and characterizing ML, focusing on two different aspects:(i) satellite monitoring of marginal lands; and (ii) determining carbon sequestration potential of marginal lands using remotesensing.
DISEÑO DE UN DISPOSITIVO DE ILUMINACIÓN DE VÍAS PÚBLICAS CON POSICIONAMIENTO AUTOMÁTICO
Authors: Garrido José Ángel , Marqués Ángel , Martín Ángel , Llorens José
Published: October 2021

Las tendencias actuales en el diseño de iluminación urbana se centran en factores como la eficiencia energética, lasostenibilidad medioambiental y la eficacia de múltiples servicios. Como en la mayoría de las instalaciones urbanas, laubicación geográfica es un atributo clave en la gestión de las infraestructuras de iluminación urbana, y aunque el hardwarede alumbrado público basado en dispositivos IoT permite a los usuarios conectar múltiples sensores, los chips GNSS raravez se consideran en el diseño de hardware y software. En este trabajo presentamos el prototipo de un dispositivo deiluminación destinado a redes urbanas que permite geolocalizar farolas. El equipo de hardware consta de cuatro bloquesfundamentales: la placa BeagleBone Black (BBB), la placa eletrónica de gestión de la energía, la matriz de LED cableadosen serie y el bus de comunicación RS-485. Los bloques uno y dos forman un subsistema que denominamos sistema degestión de energía (EMS), mientras que el bloque cuatro es el responsable de la comunicación de bajo nivel con lossensores, en particular el sensor GNSS. Tras su integración en la red, nuestro dispositivo es considerado como un nodoen una estructura ramificada con tres niveles jerárquicos: el centro de mando, los nodos de control y las propias farolas;o en otras palabras, los grupos de nodos central, medio y periférico, respectivamente. La operación del procedimiento deposicionamiento es fundamentalmente autónoma, comenzando con la recolección de datos GNSS por el equipoelectrónico de la luminaria. Todos esos datos se envían al nivel superior para su posterior procesamiento en un entornoinformático diferente. Esta separación reduce los requisitos computacionales de los nodos terminales. Los nodos en elnivel 2 también son responsables de comunicar las actualizaciones de geolocalización a los nodos en el nivel 3, así comoal centro de mando en el nivel 1. Las tareas de comunicación se basan en solicitudes HTTP a través de líneas que vinculanlos tres niveles. Utilizamos la plataforma de código abierto Fiware, un marco diseñado para admitir soluciones inteligentes,que a su vez se basa en otros componentes de código bien conocidos como MongoDB, un sistema de base de datosNoSQL. Como resultado, tenemos un procedimiento de posicionamiento que puede integrarse en una red de iluminaciónque garantiza la eficiencia y otros requisitos en la actual gestión de la ciudad.
TUBERCULOSE MILIAR EM PACIENTES COM LÚPUS ERITEMATOSO SISTÊMICO JUVENIL
Authors: Mercês Thacyanne Marques Das , Fracalossi Rafaela Cardoso De Moraes , Alves Stefani Thalita Vieira , Santos Alcione De Oliveira
Published: October 2021

Introdução: O lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) é uma doença auto-imune multissistêmica, que pode surgir em qualquer idade, tendo maior incidência em pessoas do sexo feminino. Sabe-se indivíduos com LES são mais susceptíveis de ter infecções, a tuberculose é que uma infecção ocasionada pela bactéria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a tuberculose miliar é ocasionada pelo mesmo agente etiológico, porém com uma gravidade maior. Foram avaliados exames clínicos e laboratoriais de jovens do sexo feminino que possuem LES e foram diagnosticadas com tuberculose miliar, para que possa ser entendido a debilitação das pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar as manifestações clinicas de pacientes com LES portadores de tuberculose miliar, o intervalo de tempo entre os exames e suas respectivas conclusões, e por fim, o tratamento adequado para cada paciente. Metodologia: Foi utilizada busca bibliográfica por meio de plataformas online para busca de artigos científicos baseados em pesquisas, tais como: Google Scholar, Scielo. Dos anos de 2011 a 2021. Resultados: Dados os resultados clínicos e laboratoriais, foi identificado que a tuberculose miliar em pacientes com LES é letal, porque a saúde do paciente já é imunologicamente debilitada, agravando o caso de infecção por tuberculose miliar, no qual só é possível obter diagnostico completo da doença após três meses depois do recolhimento da amostra biológica para exames. Conclusão: Nesse estudo é possível observar a grande taxa de letalidade dessas doenças associadas, como há uma demora para a obtenção do diagnóstico, é tempo suficiente para a piora do quadro clinico do paciente, já que não é possível utilizar a medicação correta, é provável ocasionar comprometimento hepático pelo excesso de medicamento, já que nesse período o paciente não pode interromper o tratamento de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico que é continuo, também é levado em consideração que a Mycobacterium tuberculosis pode se tornar multirresistentes a antibióticos.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA PROFILAXIA PRÉ-EXPOSIÇÃO (PREP) AO HIV NA INCIDÊNCIA DA POPULAÇÃO VULNERÁVEL
Authors: Souza Roberta Caroline Madrona , Greggio Kauan Gabriel Backes , Maciel Letícia Amantino , Santos Alcione De Oliveira Dos
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A profilaxia Pré-Exposição (PrEP) é um novo método de prevenção à infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV), causador da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS). Logo, o controle é um problema de saúde pública, pois o vírus caracteriza-se por ser assintomático e é incurável. Assim, admite-se o uso da PrEP como alternativa de prevenção à doença. Ela atua como uma estratégia de prevenção através da prescrição de um antirretroviral oral uma vez ao dia, que visa impedir e reduzir que o vírus se espalha antes mesmo do indivíduo ter contato com o agente. Objetivo: Objetiva-se discutir os limites e possibilidades da PrEP e evidenciar o impacto da profilaxia pré-exposição ao HIV em populações vulneráveis. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica utilizando ferramentas online de busca de artigos científicos, como: Public Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (PubMed), MedScape, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo). Foram considerados artigos publicados entre os anos 2017 a 2021. Utilizaram-se os seguintes descritores para seleção dos artigos: profilaxia pré-exposição ao HIV. Resultados: A PrEP apresentou-se como uma opção no controle da alta incidência de HIV, autonomia para escolha e não hierarquização dos métodos, gestão de risco sexual podem favorecer a organização do serviço e cuidado, facilitando a vinculação e retenção dos usuários. A inutilização da prevenção combinada é um real motivo que acaba atenuando o uso de preservativos, aumentando o risco de contágio de outros tipos de IST e até mesmo do HIV, colocando a PrEP como primeiro método de prevenção. Alguns princípios estudados comprovam a eficácia da profilaxia congruente à concessão em participantes com fatores sanguíneos detectáveis dos antirretrovirais, a redução da incidência de HIV foi de 95%. Em homens que fazem sexo com homens e mulheres trans observou-se redução de 44% no risco de contágio por HIV. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que a eficiência da PrEP como política pública de saúde depende de dois aspectos centrais: assegurar que os serviços sejam ambientes culturalmente diversos e livres de discriminação e a intensificação das intervenções comunitárias, incluindo as redes sociais, de forma a reduzir iniquidades no acesso aos serviços e à PrEP.
RELAÇÃO DA ENDOCARDITE INFECCIOSA COM O MANEJO DIAGNÓSTICO E TERAPÊUTICO
Authors: Guimarães Ana Carolyne Souza , Palú Isabela De Assis , Araújo Ananda Grein De
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A endocardite infecciosa (EI) persiste com elevada morbidade e mortalidade no cenário brasileiro, é caracterizada pela invasão de microrganismos patogênicos no tecido endocárdico ou em material protético do coração. O prognóstico relaciona-se a rapidez com a qual é diagnosticada e manejada, entretanto, esta possui difícil reconhecimento devido ao seu amplo espectro clínico. Sendo assim, o critério de Duke constitui um método de alta sensibilidade e especificidade para direcionar o diagnóstico e possibilitar intervenção médica o mais rápido possível. Objetivos: Discorrer sobre a fisiopatologia da endocardite infecciosa e os critérios diagnósticos e terapêuticos utilizados. Material e métodos: A fim de cumprir o objetivo, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados: Pubmed, Scielo e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Dessa maneira, através da revisão na literatura vigente, buscou-se compreender a fisiopatologia da EI relacionando com as atuais abordagens utilizadas para diagnóstico, segundo as diretrizes estabelecidas pela American Heart Association e a Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia, além de estabelecer os principais critérios e indicadores utilizados para a abordagem cirúrgica. Resultados: Apesar dos avanços tecnológicos obtidos no diagnóstico e terapêutica a EI persiste como uma das principais síndrome infecciosas com alta taxa de mortalidade intra-hospitalar e elevada incidência de complicações. É sugestivo que o atraso do diagnóstico e do início da abordagem terapêutica estejam interligados a piora clínica do paciente, visto que, o quadro clínico decorre do sistema acometido e do microrganismo patogênico. O diagnóstico deve ser feito a partir da suspeita clínica realizando a investigação laboratorial e seguindo as diretrizes. As diretrizes da American Heart Association recomenda a utilização dos critérios de Duke, baseando-se na presença dos critérios maiores e menores, a Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia utiliza diferentes evidências durante a infecção sistêmica havendo presença de comprometimento endocárdico e hemocultura positiva. Além disso, evidenciou-se a importância do tratamento cirúrgico em pacientes com complicações graves, sendo esta intervenção um fator protetor, entretanto cada caso deve ser avaliado isoladamente. Conclusão: A EI caracteriza-se por ser uma síndrome infecciosa com alta capacidade letal, sendo assim, é de suma importância que seja diagnosticada e tratada mais precocemente possível, afim de evitar complicações e reduzir a mortalidade.
SÍNDROME INFLAMATÓRIA MULTISSISTÊMICA PEDIÁTRICA (SIM-P) PÓS COVID-19
Authors: Brum Juliane Oliveira , Andrade Vera Regina Medeiros
Published: October 2021

Introdução: o sistema imune das crianças é caracterizado pela resposta inata mais rápida e eficiente, tendo como consequência a diminuição da produção de citosinas inflamatórias que em quadros de Covid-19 podem ser um agravante, e raramente apresentam comorbidades. Alguns estudos apontam que a contaminação de crianças por Sars-Cov-2 é de 6%, e desses 0,6% são casos graves. Na maioria das vezes os pacientes são assintomáticos, entretanto quando apresentam sintomas, eles se assemelham a síndrome gripal. O grande impasse da comunidade pediátrica é o desenvolvimento da Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica Pediátrica (SIM-P), manifestada cerca de 30 dias após a infecção. Objetivo: caracterizar o desenvolvimento, sintomas, diagnóstico e tratamento para a Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica Pediátrica (SIM-P). Materiais e métodos: revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), utilizando palavras chave em português COVID-19, Pediatria e Criança, e em inglês COVID-19, Pediatrics, Child, no período de 2019 a 2021. Resultados: a SIM-P pode acometer a faixa etária de 0 a 19 anos. Caracteriza-se por um quadro pós-infeccioso, potencialmente grave, entretanto, sua recorrência é rara. A SIM-P pode manifestar sintomas após cerca de 30 dias após a infecção por covid-19 ou epidemiologia positiva associada com sintomas de febre e inflamação adjunto à achados clínicos como; manifestações clinicas da Doença de Kawasaki, choque, problemas cardíacos, coagulopatia e distúrbios gastrointestinais. Exames laboratoriais avaliativos como os marcadores inflamatórios PCR, VHS ou prolactina podem ser realizados para diagnóstico, assim como, teste antigênico ou sorológico para Covid-19 ou histórico de contato com indivíduos contaminados. O tratamento ocorre do forma individual conforme a evolução do caso do paciente. Em casos leves, em geral, são tratados os sintomas manifestados, nos casos graves o tratamento diferencia de acordo com a complicação desenvolvida. Para pacientes pediátricos não há medicamento com efeito antiviral eficaz. Conclusão: a SIM-P, apesar de ser um quadro raro, pode conduzir complicações graves como o acometimento cardíaco. Portanto, é necessário acompanhar o processo pós infeccioso em crianças afim de evitar complicações desencadeadas pela SIM-P.
O ACOMETIMENTO PULMONAR DA COINFECÇÃO DE COVID-19 COM TUBERCULOSE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Gomar Gabriella Giandotti , Vaz Rogerio Saad
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A tuberculose é uma infecção causada pela bactéria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, acometendo mais frequentemente os pulmões. Já a COVID-19 consiste em uma infecção respiratória aguda ocasionada pelo SARS-CoV-2, um RNA vírus envelopado. Além disso, ambas as doenças apresentam semelhanças clínicas e radiológicas e podem levar a óbito. Objetivo: Tal estudo objetiva relacionar aspectos da coinfecção de tuberculose e COVID-19. Material e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, em que se utilizou os descritores “Coinfection”, “COVID-19” e “Mycobacterium tuberculosis” para busca nas bases de dados Pubmed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Portal de Periódicos CAPES. Foram selecionados artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos, em inglês, português e espanhol. Resultados: Embora a infecção por tuberculose apresente-se cronicamente a infecção por COVID-19 de forma aguda, um obstáculo no diagnóstico dos casos de coinfecção de tais doenças consiste na mimetização dos sintomas entre elas e as apresentações inespecíficas. Apesar da presente escassez de dados sobre tal tema, sabe-se que a tuberculose pode ser um dos fatores de risco para o aumento da mortalidade do COVID-19. Além disso, foi relatada uma menor taxa de notificação da tuberculose com os aumentos das taxas de COVID-19. Assim, mesmo em pacientes com sintomas de doença respiratória grave e RT-PCR COVID-19 positivo, deve-se atentar a histórica clínica, e em alguns pacientes histórico de perda de peso ou contexto de medicamentos imunossupressores, deverá ser levantada e investigada a hipótese de tuberculose. São necessários mais estudos em populações variadas sobre tal coinfecção, para que assim existam resultados mais sólidos quanto ao tema. Conclusão: A coinfecção de tuberculose e COVID-19 pode ter sintomas inespecíficos e portanto o diagnóstico pode ser difícil. Entretanto, vale ressaltar que tais infecções quando simultâneas podem aumentar a chance de óbito do indivíduo, sendo, assim, necessária uma maior produção científica sobre tal tema.
COBERTURA VACINAL CONTRA FEBRE AMARELA NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS, 2009 A 2019
Authors: Lins Stephanie Ballatore Holland , Oliveira Luane Tavares De , Lopes Gabriela Lino , Paulino Maria Clara Costa , Mamede Diego De Lima , Azevedo Danyelly Rodrigues Machado
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A febre amarela (FA) é uma doença infecciosa febril aguda provocada por um arbovírus do gênero Flavivirus, família Flaviviridae e transmitida por vetores artrópodes em dois ciclos de transmissão: silvestre e urbano. No ciclo urbano, o Aedes aegypti atua como vetor principal, enquanto no ciclo silvestre, mosquitos dos gêneros Haemagogus e Sabethes são responsáveis pela manutenção do vírus na natureza e sua transmissão entre primatas não humanos (PNH). Embora no Estado de Goiás não tenha sido registrado nenhum caso humano de FA desde 2017, seu ciclo silvestre não é passível de eliminação e, por ser uma zoonose, há necessidade contínua de vigilância e manutenção das ações de controle da doença, principalmente no que se refere à necessidade de ampliação da cobertura vacinal nesse Estado que é uma das áreas com recomendação da vacina (ACRV), conforme determinação do Ministério da Saúde (MS). Objetivo: Analisar a cobertura vacinal de febre amarela no Estado de Goiás, entre os anos de 2009 a 2019. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma análise da cobertura vacinal de FA datando de 2009 a 2019 com base nos registros do Programa Nacional de Imunização (PNI) através do site Mapa da Saúde, da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Goiás. O processamento e análise de dados foram realizados através do programa Microsoft Excel. Resultados: Dentro do período analisado de 2009 para 2019, a cobertura vacinal apresentou um decréscimo de 102,64% para 75,72%, respectivamente. No entanto, o maior percentual de vacinação contra FA foi em 2011, com 107,96% da população imunizada. Por recomendação da Organização Mundial de Saúde, a partir de abril de 2017 houve mudança do protocolo vacinal com indicação de dose única em todo o Brasil, o que poderia explicar a maior queda na cobertura vacinal no ano, com 76,05% de imunizados. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho, indicam que a cobertura vacinal contra FA está abaixo do recomendado pelo MS, assim, conclui-se que as condições para disseminação da doença estão favoráveis, logo, são necessários esforços adicionais voltados às ações de vigilância, prevenção e controle da doença, principalmente no que tange o aumento da cobertura vacinal.
Предположения о надвигающейся катастрофе в Африке: реальность или вымысел?
Authors: Сумахоро С.
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 распространился почти на все африканские государства, причем около 85 % стран пострадали с начала пандемии в феврале 2020 года. В отличие от провозглашенного «тезиса о катастрофизме», Африка до сих пор, видимо, хорошо справляется с пандемией. Цель этой статьи – внести вклад в дискуссию о прогнозируемой катастрофе. Речь идет о «тезисе катастрофизма», его существовании и актуальности в африканском контексте. Статья основана на эволюции дискуссии о COVID-19 в Африке. В исследовании представлен анализ статей в прессе, в которых были опубликованы сообщения о научных прогнозах и общественном мнении. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать вывод, что существует определенная география катастрофических прогнозов, ориентированная на африканский континент. Эти наблюдения поднимают серьезные вопросы о моделях, которые используются для выработки политики и программ вмешательства в африканские процессы. В заключение утверждается, что «тезис о катастрофизме» в африканском контексте является ложным.
Experiential learning experiences of emergency medical care students at a selected University in KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Smith Michelle
Published: October 2021

Background ABSTRACT Experiential learning is a requirement as stipulated by the Health Professions Council of South Africa’s Professional Board for Emergency Care. The aim is to amalgamate the practical and theoretical components of the Bachelor of Health Sciences Emergency Medical Care programme in order to produce an independent practitioner capable of handling any emergency situation to which they may be exposed. Students are to complete prescribed hours of experiential learning throughout their four years of study as regulated by the Health Professions Council of South Africa’s Professional Board for Emergency Care. In addition to these hours, students are expected to perform a certain expected number of clinical skills prior to registration with the Health Professions Council of South Africa’s Professional Board for Emergency Care. Aim The aim of this study to was to both explore and describe the experiential learning experiences of Emergency Medical Care students at a selected university in KwaZulu-Natal. Methodology This study employed the qualitative phenomenology design set in the interpretative paradigm. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews with a total of 29 interviews conducted. Participants were students from the Department of Emergency Medical Care at a University of Technology in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. The data collected were interpreted using thematic analysis. Findings The findings of this study discovered that although experiential learning is an integral part of amalgamating theory and practice to produce paramedics capable of treating patients in any emergency situation, certain shortfalls exist. These shortfalls were identified in the form of three distinct themes being skill exposure, clinical supervision and communication. Conclusion These findings cannot be generalised to all universities countrywide but may enable educators to identify mutual areas which require improvement in specific universities. By identifying these areas, changes can be made which may benefit all students in the respective Departments of Emergency Medical Care.
A model for managing psychological distress in undergraduate nursing students in South Africa
Authors:   , Radana Nolundi (Jevu)
Published: October 2021

This study has its origins in the researcher’s own observations and experiences as a lecturer in mental health nursing. Specifically, it concerns the challenges associated with providing support and enabling environment for students presenting with psychological distress whilst on training. There is a dearth of literature in the Sub-Saharan Africa region regarding the prevalence of psychological distress amongst undergraduate nursing students, and there are no clear measures in place regarding how to deal with the situation, due to the lack of empirical evidence, leading to delayed referrals of students presenting with psychological distress, further compounds the psychiatric morbidity and ultimately the burden of disease in the country including institutions of higher education, which led to the formulation of the research rationale. The aim of this research study was to develop a model for management of psychological distress in undergraduate nursing students. A quantitative, descriptive, contextual and theory-generating research design was used. A 120-item questionnaire, consisting of four scales, was utilised to collect data from 848 undergraduate nursing students in the sampled universities in three provinces. SPSS-23 was employed in data analysis and descriptive, inferential statistics were generated using regression analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation tests. Results showed significant evidence of psychological distress mainly related to social dysfunction and anxiety. Some of the identified factors contributing to more stress whilst on training were financial and time constraints (M=3.2432, SD= .97390); and level of education (M=3.2230, SD=.82644). Female students seemed to be experiencing more stress (M= 2.8199, SD=.99374) related to interpersonal conflict than do males (M=2.6131, SD=.90309), t (833) =2.617, p=.009). Analysis showed that older age is associated with more stress due to interpersonal conflict (r=.096, p=.005), while younger students experienced more stress from education (r=-.104, p=.003). Results showed a significant positive relationship based on personality traits, with neurotic personality traits contributing to all four areas of psychological distress, as well as an emotion- based coping styles. An intervention guideline in the form of a model for Managing Psychological Distress was developed.
The epidemiology of musculoskeletal pain in an elderly population within a selected elderly care facility in KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Pendock Luke Fitzroy
Published: October 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of the elderly presenting with musculoskeletal pain, within a selected elderly care facility in KwaZulu-Natal. Subjects: Elderly participants, aged 60 years and older, residing in the selected elderly care facility in KwaZulu-Natal. Methodology: Once the Institutional Research Ethics Committee (IREC) approved the study, and TAFTA had granted permission for the study to be conducted, the researcher administered the questionnaires to the participants who met the inclusion criteria, on the same day that they had read and completed the letter of information and informed consent. The researcher, and the research assistant, remained present to read the questions to any participants unable to read, or who were no longer able to read, and answer any queries or concerns the participants may have had throughout the process. A total of 302 completed informed consent forms and questionnaires were collected, and placed in separate sealed ballot boxes to ensure that questionnaires could not be linked to the participants. This served to maintain confidentiality and anonymity in the study. All completed questionnaires were analysed by only the researcher and the statistician. The number issued to the participant’s questionnaire was used on the data sheet to maintain confidentiality. Results: In total, 302 questionnaires were utilised for statistical analysis. The results showed a significantly high point (79.1%) and lifetime (86.1%) prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the elderly participants. The most common areas of pain reported by the participants were the lower back (41.1%), the knee (33.1%) and the shoulder (20.1%). The statistically significant risk factors for musculoskeletal pain in the elderly were difficulty sleeping and the amount of hours slept per night (p=0.018); anxiety; stress and depression (p=0.026); concomitant medical conditions (p=0.012); medication used, and past musculoskeletal pain experienced (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study is consistent with previous studies conducted on the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the elderly. Musculoskeletal pain has a negative impact on the activities of daily living in the elderly, making it a public health concern. Focus needs to be placed on satisfactory and effective healthcare, with patient education and rehabilitation to enhance the quality of life and the ability to function independently in the elderly population.
An examination of the factors affecting the performance of Management Accounting students at the Durban University of Technology
Authors:   , Singh Stephanie Caroline
Published: October 2021

The success of a module at a university of technology is measured by student performance. At the Durban University of Technology in the Department of Management Accounting, students in their second year of study struggle with conceptualising content in Cost Accounting two which affects their performance. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors which may impact on the performance of Cost Accounting two students and to determine if these factors have a significant association with a student’s performance in Cost Accounting two. Many studies have identified various factors which may influence students’ academic performance. For the purpose of this study, five factors that may affect student performance were identified and examined. The independent variables or factors identified were attendance, age, gender, grade 12 results and language. The dependent variable for this study was performance (in Cost Accounting two). In order to measure the performance of students included in the study, the percentage achieved in Cost Accounting two for the semester was used. Although studies have been conducted on student performance at universities across South Africa and around the world, limited studies were conducted on the performance of Cost Accounting two students within South Africa. The study aimed to identify the factors that affect the performance of Cost and Management Accounting students at a university of technology and the impact of those factors on performance. The study found that only student attendance has a positive impact on student performance in Cost Accounting two. The findings of this study may be useful to the Department of Management Accounting at the DUT and other universities of technology. It is hoped that the current study will be useful to other teachers of cost and management accounting at universities on which factors influence the academic achievement of students.
The impact of manufacturing incentives in the clothing and textile industry in KwaZulu-Natal : a case study of Durban
Authors:   , Dos Santos Paulo Alberto
Published: October 2021

The clothing and textile industry has been important to the expansion of the manufacturing sector in South Africa. The industry, however, faces significant challenges; domestic firms are under pressure to improve efficiency and product quality levels when compared to the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) and other developing countries. Due to the ongoing lack of government support, including capital, technology and innovation challenges, many clothing manufacturers, especially in Durban, have relocated to other countries such as Botswana, and Lesotho, while others have closed down and some have adopted a form of production which is less capital intensive. This study aims at establishing the level of awareness of business owners and managers in regard to the existence of tax incentives in Durban. This study used a questionnaire to gather primary data. A sample of 50 companies formed the subject of this study. To analyse the data, this study used a descriptive approach. This approach was crucial in allowing for gathering more in-depth information on the study. It also allowed the researcher to present the data in a meaningful form, helped in analysing the data, and offer ideas to further research. This study revealed that the overall majority of owners were unaware of the existence of tax incentives within the clothing and textile sector; the respondents were also of the opinion that there is a lack of engagement between government and investors in renegotiating the terms of tax incentives. This study recommends that South Africa should urgently tackle its industrial policy reforms and the implementation of tax incentives in a manner so that it is made available, easy and transparent to applicants who apply for the incentives on offer, bearing in mind that a successful administration of tax incentives would also require the use of well-trained officials, sufficient information technology as well as a clear policy for achieving planned goals by using such incentives