bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS
Authors: Sadiq Dr. Umar , Zafar Dr. Amirah , Subhani Dr. Aziz , Akhtar Dr. Saad Kamal , Rasheed Shakeela
Published: April 2023

Background and Aim: To determine the Generalized Anxiety Disorder and its association with factors like hormonal changes, chronic illness among female students of university.
Methodology: Perceptions and preferences of Female Students were determined in well-organized Institute (Superior University) with ages between 16-28 years old of all disciplines. Electronic self-administrated questionnaires consisting of two parts; demographics factors (Age, Gender, Designation, education Discipline, socioeconomic status and medical history) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder GAD-7, were then filled by the participated female students with sample size of 231. Then the perceptions and preferences were evaluated using a pre validated questionnaire (GAD-7) from previous research article.
Results: A total of 231 responses were returned. All respondents were females. About (62.7%) of total respondents reported feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge to some degree; 10% of respondents said that they experience this feeling nearly every day. A significant proportion of respondents reported mild to moderate anxiety levels. The mean score of anxiety scale was 3.87±3.32 with minimum and maximum score of 0 and 19. The study findings give us a better considerate that Traumatic disorders (39.4 %), hormone issues (45.2%), were the main causes of anxiety. 39.8% indicated that they had a family history of anxiety. Overall, moderate to high levels of anxiety among the participants were observed.
Conclusion: These results illustrate the need to devise treatment strategies to alleviate symptoms of generalized anxiety and reduce the prevalence of Generalized Anxiety Disorder among students. It is suggested that to decrease the level of anxiety among university students, regular counseling sessions should be implemented.
ASSOCIATION OF PECTORALIS MINOR MUSCLE LENGTH AND SHOULDER RANGE OF MOTION AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH AND WITH OUT SHOULDER PAIN
Authors: Baig Aftab Ahmed Mirza , Ishaque Farhan , Hassan Rabia , Qaiser Dr. Syed Saeed , Ram Kanwal Banta , Ansari Abid Kamal , Khan Rabia
Published: April 2023

Background and Aim: To evaluate the association of pectoralis minor muscle length and the shoulder range of motion with and without shoulder pain.
Methodology: A sample of 214 participants with and without shoulder pain were enrolled in an analytical cross sectional study at Institute of physical medicine and rehabilitation, Dow University of health sciences, Karachi. Questionnaire was provided to all participants after taking consent. Individuals were categorized into two equal groups i.e. one with and the other without pain). Shoulder active ranges were measured with universal goniometer and pectoralis minor length with measuring tape. Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 21 was used for data analysis. The descriptive variables were assessed for frequencies and percentages. Continuous variables were shown with mean and standard deviations and were correlated with bivariate correlation test. Considered significant was 0.05 p value.
Results: Females were 176(82.2%) and males were 38 (17.8%). Mean ± SD of age, weight, height, and BMI were 26.82 ±7.50, 58.45 ±12.11, 160.59 ± 12.43, and 22.18 ±3.78 respectively. The pain intensity negatively correlated with shoulder range of motions (rs = -0.307 to -0.775, p< 0.05) except medial rotation. Significant difference (p< 0.05) is found for length of pectoralis minor and range of motion between groups. There was also weak positive correlation between pectoralis minor index and shoulder lateral rotation (rs =0.215; p = 0.003).
Conclusion: The shoulder pain affects shoulder joint range of motion and pectoralis minor length. Decreased pectoralis minor muscle length accompanies limited shoulder range of motion except, medial rotation.
STUDI KASUS : EFEKTIVITAS TERAPI LATIHAN ACTIVE CYCLE OF BREATHING TECHNIQUE (ACBT) PADA ASMA BRONKIAL
Authors: Syafriningrum Iftitah Rahmawati , Sumarsono Nanang Heru
Published: April 2023

Latar belakang : Asma adalah suatu kondisi di mana orang dengan saluran udara yang terlalu aktif mengalami batuk, sesak napas dan penyempitan saluran udara yang reversibel. Asma mempengaruhi lebih dari 5% populasi dunia, dan beberapa indikator menunjukkan bahwa prevalensinya terus meningkat. Secara umum, pengobatan asma bronkial dibagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu farmakologis dan nonfarmakologis. Salah satu penanganan nonfarmakologis pada pasien asma adalah Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT) yang terdiri dari Breathing Control (BC), Thoracic Expansion Exercise (TEE), dan Forced Expiration Technique (FET).

Metode penelitian : Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental, studi kasus digunakan dalam desain penelitian, dan teknik pengumpulan data digunakan Pre dan Post tets. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah random sampling. Pemeriksaan dyspnea dari respiratory rate dan skala borg, sedangkan untuk pemeriksaaan ekspansi thorax menggunakan mid line.

Hasil : Setelah dilakukannya terapi sebanyak 3 kali yaitu terjadi penurunan sesak yang dibuktikan dengan Borg scale dari skala 5 menjadi skala 3, penurunan respiratory rate dari 28 menjadi 23 dan pengukuran ekspansi thorax yang menunjukkan adanya selisih peningkatan.

Kesimpulan : Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa intervensi fisioterapi dengan terapi latihan ACBT efektif digunakan pada pasien asma bronkial.
INTERVENSI FISIOTERAPI UNTUK MENGATASI KELUHAN PADA KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS DI RSUD IDAMAN BANJARBARU : STUDI KASUS
Authors: Rawina Rawina , Rahmani Riza , Baruna Arys Hasta
Published: April 2023

Laki-laki 65 tahun dengan keluhan nyeri pada kedua lutut sejak satu tahun yang lalu, terutama saat jongkok berdiri, naik turun tangga dan berjalan jauh. Pasien memiliki riwayat berjalan setiap harinya dengan jarak 5 km. Pemeriksaan VDS diam, penekanan, gerak secara berturut-turut didapatkan 1,3, dan 5. Pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan nyeri tekan, teraba hangat, krepitasi, serta ROM terbatas pada gerakan ekstensi lutut. Pemeriksaan fungsi Western Ontario and McMaster Universities artritis index (WOMAC) didapatkan interpretasi moderate. Pemeriksaan radiologi diapatkan kesimpulan Osteoarthritis. Pasien didiagnosis dengan osteoarthritis. Pasien kemudian diberikan terapi menggunakan Ultrasound 1Hz 0,2W/cm2, Trancutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) 25mA, latihan quadricep setting excersice, dan passive streching excercise dimana terapi diberikan sebanyak 3 kali. Pada akhir terapi pasien akan dievaluasi ulang dengan WOMAC dimana didapatkan hasil terdapat peningkatan fungsi dan penurunan nyer
HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI REMAJA DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Handayani Sri , Pratiwi Yopi Suryatim , Riezqy Ariendha Dian Soekmawaty
Published: April 2023

Adolescent girls who experience anemia are still high in Indonesia, namely by 23%, mainly due to iron deficiency. This study aims to analyze the nutritional status of adolescents with the incidence of anemia in female adolescents. The design in this study was a cross sectional study. The sample in this study were all students of the Midwifery Study Program Undergraduate Program and Midwifery Study Program Diploma Three STIKES YARSI Mataram who were included in the group of older adolescents, namely 17-20 years of age as many as 80 respondents. Nutritional status was determined based on Body Mass Index (BMI), while anemia status was determined based on hemoglobin levels as measured using the Easy Touch brand hemoglobin strip. Bivariate analysis was tested with Pearson Chi-square. The results showed that anemia was not related to the nutritional status of young women with a value of p=0.475 (p>0.005). This is because anemia has many risk factors, including length of menstruation, iron intake, and consuming iron absorption inhibitors. Therefore, it is recommended for young women to consume iron-rich foods and iron tablets.
RELEVANCE OF THE CREATION OF THE NATIONAL INDEX OF CITATION OF SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Philosophy Doctor in Technical Science (PhD), director  Private company “Perspective team”, Azamov T. N. , Rajabov N. A. ,   Philosophy Doctor, Associate Professor of the Department of Information Technology  Samarkand State Institute of Architecture and Construction, Sultonov Y. U. ,   Doctoral Student  Tashkent University of Information Technology
Published: April 2023

Manufacturing processes in the publishing industry have long gone digital. Today, it is natural that scientometric research and methods are almost entirely focused on the processing of data presented on the Internet. Provide the ability to conduct quantitative and qualitative analysis by comparing key indicators of bibliometric, altrometric and publishing activities for scientific publications, authors and organizations. To address this problem, the database, in addition to bibliographic information about articles and links, should include current verified and normalized information and constantly update it. From this point of view, the level of quality of scientific publications is determined by a number of criteria put forward by modern publishing practice and international standards of scientific periodicals. The article analyzes the relevance of creating a national index of citing scientific articles in Uzbekistan, taking into account the experience of developed countries.
INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT – THE BASIS FOR STRENGTHENING OF MOTIVATION FOR SCIENTIFIC ACTIVISM AND INNOVATION
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Professor of the Department of Economics  Tashkent Financial Institute, Tojiboeva D.
Published: April 2023

The subject of the research is to study the role of motivation in the involvement of potential personnel in the research, scientific and pedagogical activities for implementation of innovative development. The purpose of the study is to explore the processes of striving for knowledge in the world, identify the role of Uzbekistan among the countries of the world, investigate advantages and disadvantages using global indices; identify the role of strengthening of motivation with potential personnel, including young people, for research, scientific and pedagogical activities; as well as to focus not only on high positions in global indices, but also on the expected achievements, and show that the results are primarily related to research findings. The study has revealed important barriers preventing involvement of young people in the research, scientific and pedagogical activities, which were identified during the survey for masters of the Tashkent Institute of Finance. It has been indicated that motivation must underlie change, including the institutional environment created by the state. The research findings formed the basis for given proposals and recommendations.
STUDY OF SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE MICROPOWDERS
Authors:   Doctor of Sciences in Physics and Mathematics, Leading Researcher  Center for Advanced Technologies under the Ministry of Innovative Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Rakhmatullaev I. A. , Tursunkulov О. М. ,   Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Physics and Mathematics, Senior Researcher  Center for Advanced Technologies under the Ministry of Innovative Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Nazarov X. T. ,   Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Physics and Mathematics, Head of Laboratory  Center for Advanced Technologies under the Ministry of Innovative Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Davronov M. Kh. ,   Assistant  Karshi State University, Kurbonov A. K. ,   Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Physics and Mathematics, Head of Department  Karshi State University, Tukfatullin O. F. ,   Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher  Physicotechnical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Rakhmatullaev M. R. ,   Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Physics and Mathematics, Senior Researcher  Institute of Ion-Plasma and Laser Technologies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

The surface morphology and structural properties of titanium dioxide micro-powders have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The Raman scattering was excited by the green line of a copper vapor laser (λ = 510.6 nm) which operates in a repetitively pulsed mode. Powders, consisting of close-packed particles in the form of spherical particles of specified sizes (29-63 μm), were investigated. The recorded Raman spectra of titanium dioxide powders were characterized by an anomalously high intensity, which was associated with trapping of exciting radiation in the mini-resonators of the cells. It was found that in titanium dioxide micro-powders in mini-resonator cells ( photon traps), the effect of “combination opalescence” is observed, leading to a sharp (by 5–6 orders of magnitude) increase in the Raman scattering intensity within the powder. It was revealed that the intensity of the Raman line of optical phonons at the Eg1 mode (144 cm-1) is more than 1000 times higher than the one of the Raman spectra of TiO2 micro-powders recorded under normal conditions (in a cylindrical cell with a large diameter). The high conversion efficiency of the exciting radiation into the Raman signal is explained by the large value of the total path that the exciting radiation photon travels in the dispersed medium in the photon trap. The developed original method for amplifying weak Raman signals based on mini-resonators (photon traps) opens up great prospects for recording weak signals of secondary radiation of powders of important inorganic and organic substances, as well as for creating small-sized laser analyzers of chemical compounds necessary for solving many applied problems.
APPLICATION OF «ZEROX» IN DIFFERENT RATES, TIMES, COTTON DENSITY ON THE INFLUENCE OF FIBER QUALITY
Authors:   PhD biol. Sciences Associate Professor , Scientific Research Institute for Seed Breeding and Agricultural Texnology of Cotton Growing Bukhara Scientific Experimental Station, Ikramova Maxbuba , Rakhmatov Baxtiyor ,   PhD Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor , Scientific Research Institute for Seed Breeding and Agricultural Texnology of Cotton Growing Bukhara Scientific Experimental Station, Atoeva Ruxsora ,   Doctoral Student , Bukhara State University
Published: April 2023

The article provides data that the depth of groundwater located at 2-2.5 m above sea level in the moderately saline meadow-alluvial soil of the Bukhara region of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which is applied in agriculture immunostimulant contact and triple action - “Zerox” norms (1 - 2 - 3 l / t; 1 - 2 - 3 l / ha + surfactant 0.15 l / ha) and terms (in pre-sowing treatment of seeds, in the appearance of 2-4 true leaves, budding and flowering) of cotton vegetation , and in various densities (80-90; 100-110; 120-130 thousand pcs. bush / ha) standing, the highest yield (52.5 c / ha) and quality (fiber length 35.3 mm; fiber yield - 40% and 22.6% oil content) fiber and seed oil content were obtained when using Zerox at 2 l / t; 2l / ha + surfactant 0.15 l / ha at a plant density of 80-90 thousand pcs. bush / ha, which leads to high economic efficiency, the share of the first harvest (28.7%) and the constituent crop additives (by 11.7 c/ha), the quality (1.1 mm; 2.5%) of the fiber and oil content of seeds (1.5%) more than the control variant.
EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Assistant, the Department of «Accounting, finance, taxes and statistics»  Samarkand Branch of the Tashkent State University of Economics, Mardonov M. Sh.
Published: April 2023

This article analyzes innovations at the national level and factors influencing it at macro level. Multivariate regression equation was used to take the volume of innovative products and services as well as the numbers of employees and innovations introduced, as a factor indicator for the period of 2015–2020. The recent statistics covering the 5 yearlong period from the Republic of Karakalpakstan, regions and from the city of Tashkent have been reviewed, i.e. the number of observations made 70. STATA17 was analyzed using the “Random effect” model. The results are presented graphically based on the “Trend” model. According to our calculations, assuming that the impact of the factors other than variables in the econometric model is constant, excluding inflation, by the year of 2025, the volume of innovative products and services is being projected to have increased by 84.1% and the number of innovations – by 2.2 times, compared to those of 2020.
IMPERATIVES OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF REFORMING OF THE SOCIETY OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Doctor of Economic Sciences, Director  The Republican Public Opinion Research Center “Ijtimoiy fikr”, Rakhimova N. Kh.
Published: April 2023

The article examines the dependence of formation of new knowledge on the innovativeness of the educational sphere. The state-of-the-art of the higher education system in Uzbekistan and its compliance with innovative imperatives of developed countries are closely investigated. The thesis can be formulated that the main factor in the development of a creative society is its intellectual potential. The author explores primary, complementary and supporting factors of the growth of a creative economy. The article justifies the need for improving the educational process as an open self-organizing socio-pedagogical system in the context of changing demands of the economy, for development of information and communication technologies, for the emphasis on the importance of human intellectual potential, and gives recommendations for improving the contemporary higher education system in Uzbekistan.
EVALUATION OF LOW TEMPERATURE GERMINATION INDEX OF RICE COLLECTION VARIETIES AND SAMPLES
Authors:   1st stage PhD student of Rice breeding laboratory  ,Rice Research Institute, Akhtamov M , Ergashev M ,   PhD, Scientific secretary , Rice Research Institute, Qalandarov B ,   PhD agricultural sciences, Deputy Director  ,Rice Research Institute, Khayitov M ,   PhD, Head of Rice breeding laboratory , Rice Research Institute
Published: April 2023

The article examines and analyzes germination of seeds of varieties and samples of rice collection of the Rice Research Institute, at low temperatures (15° C). According to the findings, the local variety of rice - ‘Iskandar’ taken as a test pattern, showed a higher germination rate at a low temperature than other tested and collection varieties. In this test pattern, the germination rate reached 17% within 3 days after incubation (DAI), while in 6 DAI it achieved 92%. Within 6 days after incubation, the germination rates in Mustaqillik, Lazurniy, and Tarona varieties were found to be 67%, 48%, and 30%, respectively, whereas within 8 DAI these achieved the range of 60-90%. Out of a total of 230 collection varieties and samples with germination rates of above 90%, there were 57% on the 7th incubation day and 93% on the 8th incubation day.
EFFICIENCY IN USING MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR MEASURING FLOWS IN THE MIRISHKOR TRUNK CHANNEL SYSTEM
Authors:   Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor  Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Arifjanov A. M. , Samiyev L. N. ,   PhD, Docent  Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Xoshimov S. N. ,   Doctoral Student  Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Babajonov F. K. ,   Doctoral Student  Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the issues of measurements of water consumption in water management systems, which is regarded as one of the most pressing problems nowadays. The UR-6 A irrigation canal, which brings water from the Mirishkor main canal, was selected as the subject of the study. The field studies carried out at the PK-1 + 00 picket of the UR-6 A irrigation canal, together with hydrometers of the Mirishkor irrigation systems control using a GR-21m1 spinner as well as a SonTek S5 doppler, analyzed the degree of accuracy of the two measuring instruments, the ease of their use at the measurement site as well as economic efficiency. According to the measurements, the average water flow, determined by the hydrometric spinner, was Q = 2.39 m3/s, the average water flow, measured using the Doppler tool, was Q = 2.261 m3/s
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PREFERABLE FODDER PLANTS OF TURKESTAN TERMITE ANACANTHOTERMES TURKESTANICUS JACOBS FOR CREATION OF BAIT MATRIX AND TERMICIDAL BAITS
Authors:   Doctor of Biological Sciences, Head of laboratory Research, Leading Researcher  Institute of Sericulture «Uzbekipaksanoat» Association, Institute of Zoology The Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Madyarov Sh. R.
Published: April 2023

Knowing a chemical composition of preferred feed plants of the Turkestan termite will enable the development of effective and available agents to be used for its control, that is particularly important during the period of rapid population growth and global warming. In this work, the chemical compositions of preferred plants of Turkestan termite that ensure its normal development – moisture, components of organic extracts, aqueous extracts, pectins, hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin and reducing sugars – have been investigated. The most appropriate plant samples for mass production of baits, traps and repellents in the period of global climate change have been selected. The plants selected for attractiveness, palatability, availability, by carbohydrate content and on easily digestible glucose, and ease of mechanical processing have been arranged as follows: corn, sorghum, sunfl ower, cane. Samples of repellent and deterrent effects have also been identified, including bark and buds of mulberry stems Morus alba and Morus nigra (waste of sericulture) and pods of Gleditsia plant. As an available adhesive component of bite matrices, locally produced CMC and concentrated solutions of sericin protein from waste waters of silk-winding industries – found. Cellulosesplitting microorganisms contributing to the release of mono-, di- oligosaccharides in the feed substrate have been qualitatively determined.
THE IMPORTANCE OF FOREIGN AND LOCAL DEFOLIANS WHEN COTTON OPENS
Authors:   Doctor of Philosophy in Agricultural Sciences (PhD), Senior Lecturer of The Department   Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Ubaidullaev M. M. , Akramov Sh. Sh. ,   Assistant of the Department  Fergana Polytechnic Institute
Published: April 2023

The foreign Ento-Dephol showed high result with 30-40% of guza couses opened using 0.200 litres of defoliation for each hectare in view to defoliate cotton artificially. 7.0 litres of defoliation ensured better result compared to other alternatives. It is explained which defoliant is best used in opening of cotton buds. In the second stage of defoliation (50-60% when the cocoons opened), the effectiveness of used defoliants proved to be high, and the yield appeared excessive owing to high percentage of cocoon opening as compared to the first stage, in return to which the profitability had increased by 1.1-5.1%. Due to the fact that the cotton variety S-8290 ripens 10-15 days earlier than the cotton variety S-6775, the performance was high, however there was no difference in the amount of defoliants used, as there was no significant difference in the leaf blade of both types of cotton.
OPTIMIZING THE STRUCTURE OF THE INFORMATION AND MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR DETECTING TRACTION POWER SUPPLY FACILITIES ON THE BASIS OF RELIABILITY
Authors:   Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Professor  Tashkent State Transport University, Yakubov M. S. , Каrimov I. A. ,   Assistant  Tashkent State Transport University, Мuminov S. S. ,   Assistant  Tashkent State Transport University
Published: April 2023

The paper discusses reliability of a multi-level information-measuring system (IMC), which ensures monitoring of technical condition of technological facilities and traction power supply devices and their diagnostics, which is essential for quality of control of its modes. The technical condition of the IMC is assessed using probability vectors of its condition by applying a linear graph that allows defining the time of failure and other reliability measures individually for each level and the IMC as a whole. Analytically and graphically, it is shown that the failure time of the IMC is highly dependent on the failure rate of its lower stages. In the study of the efficiency of IMC and its structural components, classical theory of reliability assessment using a correction algorithm has been applied, which makes it possible to improve probability of the informationmeasurement system operation without fail.
The Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Gambir di Kecamatan Sutera Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Almizan  , Cahyani Rahma , Adif Riandy Mardhika , Deri Aslan , Irsadunas
Published: April 2023

Productivity and product quality are very low due to cultivation methods and post-harvest processes and gambier processing that are not optimal and the lack of technological support for gambier processing. The very low level of productivity causes the amount of production produced to also be low. The decrease in the value of gambier productivity indicates that there has been inefficiency of farmers in allocating existing production factors. This research is associative with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were 18,547 gambier farmers and the sampling technique was random sampling. So in this study using a sample of 100 respondents. This study uses Multiple Linear Regression Analysis with the help of SPSS version 25. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of the use of production factors in the form of land area, labor, gambier prices on gambier production. The results showed that the variables of land area and labor could increase the amount of gambier production positively and significantly. Gambier price variable has a positive and insignificant effect on the amount of gambier production.
PENGARUH LOSSES / PRESSURE DROP PADA SISTEM PERPIPAAN HEADER POMPA DALAM MENENTUKAN SPESIFIKASI PENGADAAN POMPA DISTRIBUSI
Authors: Zaitul Mardini
Published: April 2023

Selain perbedaan tinggi (elevasi) yang menjadi parameter dalam perhitungan head pompa, losses / pressure drop yang terjadi pada jaringan sistem perpipaan juga merupakan parameter penting yang harus diperhitungkan. Pada umumnya, losses / pressure drop yang dihitung hanya menghitung mayor losses (pipa) dijaringan perpipaan dengan pertimbangan bahwa apabila L/D > 1000 maka minor losses (accessories) dapat diabaikan. Perbedaan tinggi (elevasi) hanya melihat elevasi pelayanan pelanggan tertinggi dan elevasi Instalasi Pengolahan Air (IPA). Pada pompa distribusi, seringkali  terlupakan untuk menghitung losses / pressure drop pada sistem perpipaan header pompa, yang mana rata-rata posisi pompa distribusi berada dibawah permukaan tanah (underground level). Dalam artikel ini, penulis mencoba menghitung losses / pressure drop yang ada dari pipa hisap pompa distribusi hingga ke flowmeter pipa pada IPA Sei. Harapan Jalur Telkom Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum (SPAM) Batam. Perhitungan dilakukan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar nilai manometric head pompa yang harus ditambahkan pada spesifikasi pengadaan pompa distribusi dan pengaruhnya terhadap biaya operasional pompa. Dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh bahwa diperlukan penambahan head pompa sebesar 1,04 bar dengan penambahan biaya energi listrik untuk operasional pompa sebesar Rp. 13,94 juta/bulan apabila pompa dirunning konstan sebesar 110 lps dan 24 jam/hari.
Histopathologic Study of Gastritis and Helicobacter Pylori Infection at a Tertiary Centre in Kathmandu
Authors: Shrestha Agya , Parajuli Sharmila
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Chronic gastritis is a chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa characterized by infiltration of the superficial mucosa by chronic inflammatory cells and with progressive spread to involve the whole mucosa leading to atrophy and intestinal metaplasia and may even progress to the development of carcinoma. Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) is believed to be the major causative agent in the pathogenesis of chronic active gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcer along with gastric carcinoma. Sydney system classifies gastritis by the intensity of mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates, activity of polymorphs, atrophy, metaplasia and dysplasia and presence of H. pylori.

Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional retrospective study conducted at Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Model Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from January 2015 to December 2015. Record of computerized histopathology reports of all cases of endoscopic gastric biopsies were retrieved from the laboratory. The biopsy samples obtained from both body and antrum were included in the study. The grades of mononuclear cells infiltration, neutrophilic activity, metaplasia, dysplasia and glandular atrophy were determined using the Sydney system classification. The presence or absence of H. pylori was noted in the slides stained with Giemsa stain. Data analysis was done using a Microsoft Excel file.

Results: Of 128 samples studied, the most common endoscopic findings were erythematous lesions and mononuclear infiltrate was seen in all cases. 61.7% showed moderate inflammation. The activity was seen in 35.9% of cases. H. pylori organism was noted in 48.4% of cases.

Conclusion: The severity of chronic inflammation and neutrophilic activity are significantly associated with infection by this microorganism.
Ultrasound Guided Combined Peripheral Nerve Blocks in a High-Risk Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Yadav Archana , Hyoju Sundar , Raya Pawan Kumar , Budhathoki Chhanda , Sharma Ram Prasad , Magar Kiran Thapa , Joshi Abinash Dhoj
Published: April 2023

The use of ultrasound in peripheral nerve blocks has become increasingly more frequent. Lower–extremity surgeries are mainly performed under general or central neuraxial anesthesia, ultrasound-guided combined peripheral nerve block (PNB) can be a good alternative anesthetic technique, especially for high-risk patients who require continuous anticoagulation treatment and present with poor cardiovascular conditions.
Study of Sonographically Diagnosed Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Association with its Risk Factors in Nepal Police Hospital
Authors: Khadgi Kedar , Bahadur Singh Tanoj
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the West, and it is increasing alarmingly in the South-Asia as well the main cause is likely modern lifestyle and diets. The aim of the study is to find an association of different risk factors with sonographically detected and graded fatty liver disease in hospital-based Nepalese police personnel.
Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was done, and 125 cases were included after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Fatty Liver Disease (FLD) was sonographically diagnosed and graded. Association between graded NAFLD and risk factor was made using the Chi-square test keeping the inference <0.05. ANOVA analysis was done wherever applicable keeping inference < 0.05.
Results: Mean age with NAFLD was 42.9±12.2 with age group 40-49 mostly involved 43(34.4%). The male gender has more prevalence of 82(65.6%). Most of the NAFLD Body Mass Index (BMI) were overweight 77(61.6%). There was a significant association of graded NAFLD with BMI (Chi Square P <0.05) and a significant difference between Grade I and Grade II BMI (ANOVA < 0.05 and Post Hoc (Tukey)<0.05). Also, a significant association of graded NAFLD was seen with Total Cholesterol (TC), serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and Chronic diseases (Diabetes mellitus and hypertension).
Conclusions: Graded NAFLD is found to be strongly associated with BMI, TC, SGPT, SGOT, Diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Furthermore, the prevalence was found more in the middle age group, male gender and overweight person.
Characterisation of some generalized continuous distributions by doubly truncated moments
Authors: Athar Haseeb , Ahsanullah Mohammad , Mohd. Almech Ali
Published: April 2023

The characterisation of probability distribution plays an important role in statistical studies. There are various methods of characterisation available in the literature. The characterisation using truncated moments limits the observations; hence, researchers may save time and cost. In this paper, the characterisation of three general forms of continuous distributions based on doubly truncated moments has been studied. The results are given simply and explicitly. Further, the results have been applied to some well-known continuous distributions.
The use of rank and optimisation methods in strategic management in higher education
Authors: Ryńca Radosław , Piórkowska Natalia
Published: April 2023

The article presents proposals for a university management model supporting the process of strategic management at a university. The proposed model is based on the use of multi-criteria methods such as the 0–10 technique, object ranking, and optimisation methods – linear programming. The proposed solution integrates ranking and optimisation methods, the use of which may be helpful in the hands of managers in making management decisions. The proposed approach may also be helpful in developing a strategic scorecard, especially in the stage of formulating goals. It also enables the optimal selection of goals with the existing time constraints for the implementation of the strategy. The article presents a proposal for the use of the strategy implementation model and an example of its use. The strengths and weaknesses of the model were also indicated.
Regional Representative Council in the Indonesian State Governance System: A Study of the Bicameral System
Authors: Wardani Raden Siti Rachmah
Published: April 2023

This study aims to examine and analyze the authority of the DPD in the law-forming process based on the bicameral system. This study uses normative legal research with the statute and comparative approaches. The collected legal material is then qualitatively analyzed to describe the problem and answer study purposes. The results show that the DPD members possess strong political legitimacy, because members of both chambers within the legislative branch are elected through the electoral process in Indonesia. However, no provision in the legislation grants the DPD a legislative function. Instead, the DPD holds limited authority in the law-forming process, only able to propose, participate in discussions, and provide considerations to the DPR over draft laws. In comparison, Indonesia’s DPD has significantly more limited authority than senates in other countries with bicameral systems. Additionally, several perspectives, paradigms, and differentiating factors help explain the reasons and objectives behind implementing bicameral systems. Therefore, it is recommended that stakeholders understand the various perspectives, paradigms, and differentiating factors that explain the reasons and objectives behind implementing bicameral systems in other countries. This understanding aims to enhance the authority of the DPD as a legislative power within the Indonesian state governance system. This understanding can also serve as a consideration for stakeholders in amending the 1945 Constitution, Law Number 17 of 2014, and Law Number 12 of 2011. In this context, the legislative function in a bicameral system refers to forming and ratifying laws by both chambers within the legislative branch. Consequently, Indonesia’s bicameral system can become more effective, responsive, and inclusive, ultimately promoting a more democratic and stable state governance system in the future.
Itikadi Katika Tamthilia za Kifo Kisimani (2001) na Maua Kwenye Jua la Asubuhi (2004)
Authors: Mugaduka Minyade Sheril , Murithi Jessee
Published: April 2023

Itikadi ni mawazo na fikra zinazohalalisha masuala katika kijamii. Fikra hizi huhalalisha mamlaka ya kisiasa na seti za matendo zinazotekeleza vitendo. Itikadi hupata mamlaka na uhalali kwa hiari bila kutumia nguvu. Viongozi wa kisiasa na kidini hujiegemeza katika itikadi fulani ili kufanikisha malengo yao kwa sababu wanafahamu kuwa itikadi hiyo imekubalika na wanajamii. Mabadiliko hayawezi kuepukika, na jinsi sekta tofauti tofauti katika jamii zinapopitia mabadiliko ndivyo viongozi wanavyobadilisha mbinu za uongozi wao. Pia, historia inapobadilika ndivyo itikadi inavyobadilika katika jamii. Makala imeeleza dhana ya itikadi, imefafanua aina za itikadi na kuzibainisha katika tamthilia za Maua kwenye Jua la Asubuhi (2004) na Kifo Kisimani (2001). Baadhi ya aina za itikadi ambazo zimebainishwa katika tamthilia teule ni pamoja na; itikadi ya dini, ukombozi, utawala, itikadi ya utamaduni, itikadi ya umwinyi na itikadi ya ubepari. Aina hizi zimebainishwa kutokana na usemi wa wahusika na muktadha mazungumzo. Utafiti wa makala hii umeongozwa na nadharia ya Uchanganuzi Tahakiki Usemi (UTU) ilioasisiwa na Norman Fairclough (1989). Nadharia hii hueleza uhusiano uliopo kati ya matukio ya kisiasa, kiusemi, kiutamaduni, kimatini na kijamii. Huangazia athari ya itikadi katika matukio haya. Pia, huangazia jinsi usemi huo huathiri matukio haya katika jamii
Analisis hubungan lama jam kerja dengan burnout pada Perawat RSUD Palangka Raya selama pandemi covid-19
Authors: Jeikawati  , Mutiasari Dian , Arifin Syamsul , Suprihartini  , Baboe Dedy
Published: April 2023

There is a considerable danger of mental exhaustion or burnout for nurses who are on the front lines of treating COVID-19, which could have a long-term negative impact on the standard of medical care. The research objective was to determine nurse burnout and prove the correlation between excessive working hours and nurse burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used is a quantitative descriptive study method with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study was all nurses at Palangka Raya Regional Public Hospital, with a total sampling of 43 nurses. The research instrument was adopted from the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The correlation test used was Cramer's V, with the significance level of the variable test stated at p <0,05. The results of the study of 43 nurses showed no significant correlation between emotional burnout and working hours (p = 0.163), a significant correlation between depersonalization burnout and working hours (p = 0.019), and a significant correlation between burnout and a decrease in self-achievement (p = 0.033).
Darknet, Malware, KNN, Forensik Prediksi Jaringan TOR dan VPN menggunakan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbour pada Trafik Darknet
Authors: Ramdan Aay Ramdan , Widyasono Nur , Mubarok Husni
Published: April 2023

Proses network forensic untuk menganalisis malware telah dilakukan peneliti sebelumnya dengan menerapkan metode manual diantaranya metode Anomali Behaviour pada file capture trafik jaringan. Network forensik tersebut memerlukan proses yang lebih lama dan tidak akurat dengan hasil yang diinginkan. Perkembangan articial intelligence berkembang pesat pada setiap bidang teknologi dapat memberikan peluang terhadap bidang malware analisis dan digital forensik agar dapat melakukan proses analisis lebih cepat dan tepat terutama penggunaan Machine Learning. Trafik darknet merupakan jaringan internet yang didalamnya terdapat berbagai ancaman kejahatan cyber. Penelitian terhadap analisis malware terutama klasifikasi trafik darknet dengan menggunakan algoritma machine learning telah banyak dilakukan, namun hasil yang didapat berupa pengukuran kinerja pada setiap algoritma machine learning terhadap proses analisis malware tanpa adanya pembaruan dataset ataupun implementasi dalam sebuah aplikasi. Pembaruan dataset sangat diperlukan agar analisa malware dapat mengidentifikasi perkembangan malware terbaru dan implementasi dilakukan agar dapat diketahui kinerja dari sebuah algoritma yang diterapkan, oleh karena hal tersebut dalam penelitian ini akan dibahas tentang proses analisis ancaman malware pada trafik darknet dengan menggunakan algoritma machine learning yaitu K-Nearest Neighbour untuk memprediksi sebuah ancaman serangan malware dengan dataset CICDarknet 2020. Hasil pengukuran performa dataset menggunakan KNN memiliki nilai akurasi 96,17% dengan menerapkan pemilihan fitur dengan information gain.
Evaluasi Virtual Reality Menggunakan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Terkait Dunia Metaverse
Authors: Mardoyo Ega , Lubis Muharman , Bhaskoro Susetyo Bagas
Published: April 2023

Abstract - Digital disruption makes innovation and transformational sustainable in the digital world.  The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has changed the face of the new digital era with a diverse foundation of new and advanced technologies in it.  According to Geissbauer (2016) there are 10 technologies that are the foundation of Industrial Revolution 4.0 i.e. mobile devices, IoT platforms, location detection technologies, advanced human machine interfaces, automation & Fraud Detection, 3D manufacturing, smart sensors, big data analytics & advanced algorithms, Multilever customer interaction and customer profiling, Augmented Reality / wearables / immersive technologies, cloud computing.  Virtual Reality as one of the technological foundations in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has grown rapidly along with the term ‘Metaverse’ echoed by Mark Zuckerberg CEO of Facebook in October 2021.  Metaverse itself is identified as a virtual world where all human activities can be done in it. Virtual Reality as one of the components of the Metaverse is an attraction for the industry to start this technology, especially in exhibition activities (Expo). Virtual Reality Expo for SME is one of the important foundations regarding user understanding regarding the introduction of Virtual Reality technology. Therefore, as an advanced technology that is currently rampant, the author conducts research on Virtual Reality Expo using the technology Acceptance Model (TAM).
Aortos koakrtacijos: indikacijos intervenciniam gydymui, operacijos tipui, endovaskulinio gydymo ir ilgalaikės stebėsenos rekomendacijos
Authors: Simonavičius Paulius
Published: April 2023

Aortos koakrtacija – tai viena dažniausių įgimtų širdies ydų. Šios būklės gydymas gali būti chirurginis arba endovaskulinis. Abi taktikos turi savo privalumų bei trūkumų, bet jos abi priklauso nuo paciento amžiaus. Nepaisant pasirinktos gydymo taktikos, svarbi ilgalaikė pacientų stebėsena nuo pat diagnozės nustatymo datos, nes koarktacijų gydymui būdingos vėlyvosios komplikacijos ir pakartotinis aortos susiaurėjimas. Dėl šios priežasties ne tik gydytojai kardiochirugai, bet ir kardiologai, angiochirurgai bei šeimos gydytojai turėtų žinoti aortos koakrtacijos stebėsenos standartus ir gydymo aspektus.
Diagnostikos sunkumai nustatant gerklų vėžį. Klinikinis atvejis
Authors: Jonušienė Edita , Žalienė Inga , Lukoševičienė Rima
Published: April 2023

Gerklų vėžys – tai liga, kurios metu vėžinės ląstelės formuojasi iš gerklų audinio ląstelių. Gerklų vėžys užima antrą vietą pagal sergamumą tarp kvėpavimo sistemos navikų [1]. Pagrindinis gerklų vėžio simptomas – užkimimas [2]. Liga diagnozuojama remiantis anamneze, klinikinio tyrimo duomenimis, laboratoriniais bei instrumentiniais tyrimais, patvirtinama, nustačius vėžines ląsteles gerklų audinio biopsijoje. Skiriamas chemospindulinis gydymas.
Sveiko, išnešioto kūdikio papildomo maitinimo rekomendacijos
Authors: Stankevičiūtė Evelina
Published: April 2023

Papildomas kūdikių maitinimas pradedamas apie šeštą gyvenimo mėnesį. Net ir pradėjus taikyti papildomą maitinimą, kūdikis ir toliau žindomas pagal poreikį, o pirmaisiais gyvenimo metais motinos pienas turėtų išlikti pagrindiniu kūdikio maistu. Primaitinimas pradedamas mažomis maisto porcijomis, kūdikiui augant maisto kiekį ir maitinimų skaičių pamažu didinant, o kūdikis maitinamas įvairiu maistu pagal alkiosotumo ženklus, užtikrinant, kad gautų visų reikiamų maisto medžiagų.
TRANSLATION OF A VERBALLY EXPRESSED WORK INTO ANOTHER SYSTEM OF SIGNS USING TECHNIQUES OF GRAPHIC LITERATURE
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, National University Of Uzbekistan Named After Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan, Rotanov Alexey Nikolaevich
Published: April 2023

This article analyzes the techniques of graphic literature, such as reduction, excess, compression, used in the translation of a verbally realized work into another sign system on the example of the translation of V. Pelevin's literary text "Omon Ra".
DISTRIBUTION AND IMPORTANCE OF ALGAE IN THE GEOGRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Associate Professor Tashkent State Pedagogical University Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Ismatova Zulaykho A. , Kamalova Shokhsanam N. ,   Doctoral student Jizzakh State Pedagogical University Jizzakh, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

The article provides information about the importance of algae and the algal flora of the water bodies of Central Asia, including Uzbekistan, and the types of algae sections identified in them.
PELIK IS A RARE PINK-WINGED MARIGOLD DISTRIBUTED IN THE AYDAR-ARNASOY LAKE SYSTEM AND INCLUDED IN THE RED BOOK
Authors:   professor Jizzakh State Pedagogical University named after A. Qadiri Jizzakh, Uzbekistan, Yakhshiyeva Z. Z. , Nurmamatova F. M. ,   student Jizzakh State Pedagogical University named after A. Qadiri Jizzakh, Uzbekistan, Ikromova Y. E. ,   Lecturer Jizzakh State Pedagogical University named after A. Qadiri Jizzakh, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

All animals, plants, microorganisms, their genes and ecosystems form the basis of biodiversity. In particular, the Pink pelican found in the wetlands is of great importance in preserving the biological diversity of the Aydar-Arnasoy reservoir, which is included in the Ramsar list in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
THE ROLE OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL GEOGRAPHICAL FACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF INDUSTRIAL TOWNS IN JIZZAKH REGION
Authors:   Lecturer Jizzakh State Pedagogical University named after A. Qadiri Jizzakh, Uzbekistan, Gapporov Azimbek N.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the issues of urban development in the Jizzakh region based on their industrialization. The main principles of industrialization of cities and the formation of industrial towns and the local factors affecting them are described in detail and studied from a geographical, economic, and social point of view. Jizzakh region is a relatively new region and has its own characteristics in the territorial location and demographic development of the population. The population is relatively small, and the population of the newly acquired territories is replenished due to migration. The city of Jizzakh is the only major point that is central to the formation and development of industry in the province. The rest of the towns are much smaller, and the development of industrial enterprises in them is carried out mainly by solving the problem of labor resources. This problem is related to the population's demographic development and standard of living. In the article, the development and peculiarities of the population, which is the main factor in the development of industrial areas in the regions of the region, are studied and conclusions are given. Also, the features of the transport system, which is the most important factor of industrial development, were evaluated.
THE ROLE OF USING VIRTUAL LABORATORIES IN TEACHING CHEMISTRY IN PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Senior Lecturer Jizzakh State Pedagogical University named after A. Qadiri Jizzakh, Uzbekistan, Julboyev Tulkin
Published: April 2023

The organization and improvement of virtual laboratories in the teaching of chemistry in the higher education system will be highly effective. Experiments that can be performed in the virtual laboratories ensure that they are performed in the same way as in a chemistry laboratory training room. The sequence of exercises is based on strict rules and serves to strengthen theoretical knowledge. And experiments also in the virtual laboratories encourages a clear understanding of the essence of the training.