bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mandibular Ridge Augmentation With Interpositional Osteoplasty To Improve Crown Implant Ratio
Authors: Subramanian Deepa , Varghese Ranjith , Balraman Kannan
Published: October 2024

Oral rehabilitation with implants is a predictable treatment modality. Long term survival of the implants is influenced by multitude of factors including biological, technical, physiological and biomechanical factors. Among the biomechanical factors, crown implant ratio plays a critical role.
Improper crown implant ratio causes bending effect on the implants due to the horizontal forces during mastication. These forces act on the implant abutment connection area and at the marginal bone compromising the treatment prognosis. To negate this consequence surgically, a ridge augmentation procedure can be a viable option.
This case report is one such scenario wherein inter-positional osteoplasty is used to augment the mandibular anterior ridge with autogenous bone graft from iliac crest along with the simultaneous placement of implants followed by the replacement of missing teeth with a fixed hybrid prosthesis.
Key words:
 Crown implant ratio, hybrid prosthesis, sandwich osteoplasty
Rehabilitation of a Severe Anterior Ridge Defect with a Fixed-Removable Prosthesis
Authors: Nemani Maduri , S C Ahila , Balasubramanium Muthukumar
Published: October 2024

Significant anterior ridge abnormalities might be difficult to restore with prosthesis. To attain good speech and aesthetics necessitate not only the restoration of the missing teeth but also the closure of the problematic region. One recommended treatment option for individuals with substantial ridge abnormalities is the Andrews bridge which is a fixed-removable prosthesis. The prosthesis correctly replaces the missing teeth and corrects the ridge defect area and restore speech and appearance. A 35-year-old female patient reported with the principal complaint of spacing in her lower front teeth and difficulty in phonetics and poor appearance. On clinical examination spacing was seen in the maxillary central incisors along with pro-clination and 31,32,33,41,42,43 teeth were missing and the edentulous defect area was coming under Seibert's Class III category. Rehabilitation of such defect with an Andrews bridge described in this case report, which used natural teeth as abutments for its permanent component and a detachable superstructure.
Beyond Monolingual Norms: Analyzing the Complexity of Greek-Turkish Bilingual Children’s Written Narratives
Authors: Dosi Ifigeneia , Kouki Eleni , Lada Anastasia , Keulen Stefanie
Published: October 2024

This research explores the written narratives of Greek-Turkish bilingual and Greek monolingual children, focusing on their retelling abilities. We analyze both the macrostructure and microstructure of their narratives, utilizing the story-grammar model for the macrostructure analysis and examining lexical diversity, syntactic complexity, spelling accuracy, connectives, and word stressing for the microstructure assessment. We also examine correlations with contextual factors, including home and schooling input. Thirty-six children, comprising an equal number of bilinguals and monolinguals, participate in a picture narrative task (retelling mode). Our findings indicate that while bilingual children exhibit proficiency in constructing the story-grammar comparable to their monolingual counterparts, notable differences emerge in the microstructure of their narratives. Specifically, bilingual children produce shorter narratives. They also demonstrate lower lexical and noun diversity, syntactic complexity, and spelling accuracy (in inflectional suffixes) compared to monolingual children. These observed differences in the microstructure imply a potential trade-off between establishing the core story schema and elaborating on narrative details in bilingual narratives. Additionally, our study identifies early literacy practices (i.e., print exposure in preschool years) and current literacy practices (literacy habits outside the school setting) as predicting differently aspects of the microstructure in each group, further enhancing our understanding of how bilingualism influences narrative development. This underscores the importance of examining both the macrostructure, microstructure, and contextual factors for a comprehensive understanding of narrative development in bilingual and monolingual children.
IL-6 and INF-γ Mediated Immune Responses in Mice Induced by Campylobacter jejuni Bacterial Ghosts
Authors: AL-Mansoori Israa mohi , Al-yassari Abdulkareem
Published: October 2024

Background: Bacterial ghosts (BGs) a growing interest in their potential medical and pharmacological uses in recent years which is just. The empty bacterial envelopes Absent its internal substance .in this study using BGs for campylobacter jejuni which is curved, non- spore -forming, gram -negative rods that measure approximately 0.2 to 0.9µ₥×0.5 to 5.0 µ₥. Enteric campylobacter may appear as long spirals or S-or seagull -wing shapes. these organisms may appear as coccobacilli in smears prepared older cultures.
Methods: On gram stained smears, these organisms stain poorly for better visualization carbol- fuchsin is recommended as a counterstain, if safranin is used, counterstaining should be extended to 2 to 3 minutes campylobacter spp. is motil. There are two methods for preparation of (BGs) either by E-lysis gene creating a lysis tunnel structure inside the active bacteria's envelope. Or by using minimum inhibition concentration and minimum growth concentration for chemical compounds (MIC), (MGC) in a row. The ideal circumstances for the generation of BGs were mapped using the Plackett-Burman experimental design using two experimental.
Results: A spectrophotometer was used to measure the amount of DNA and protein released. The whole experiment was divided into three steps: in the first step all the chemical reagents except H2O2 were added to bacterial suspension, in the second step only H2O2, and in the third step, the cell pellets reconstituted in 60% ethanol and kept at room temperature for thirty minutes with gentle swirl of the cells for thirty seconds every five minutes. Cell pellets were gathered and cleaned again using the same procedure as mentioned. It was assured that no living cells were left behind in the bacterial spoon by cultivation using N.B. after the experiment. The lab animal Mic injected with BG from Campylobacter jejuni as a vaccine 28 days from the last immunization, which used the qPCR technique for the immune test, has been chosen. IL-6 and INF-G for this test.
Conclusion: The immune responses accorded as a result of giving the vaccine was obtained from this the results of this research.
Trends in Clinical Research on Ultrasound-Guided Acupuncture: A Scoping Review
Authors: Lee Sook-Hyun , Lee Yoon Jae , Kim Ju Yeon , Heo In , Cho Jae-Heung , Seo Byung-Kwan , Park Yeoncheol , Kim Jung-Hyun , Ha In-Hyuk
Published: October 2024

Acupuncture is widely used to reduce pain and improve function in various conditions. Despite ongoing research in ultrasound-guided acupuncture, evidence supporting efficacy remains inconclusive. This study aimed to examine Korean and international research trends, clinical efficacy, and safety of ultrasound-guided acupuncture by performing a scoping review of clinical research on ultrasound-guided acupuncture. Literature searches were conducted across 11 databases, including all clinical studies published before April 2024, without restrictions on condition/disease or type of study. Of the 2,644 identified articles, 25 studies were selected for review, mostly involving patients with musculoskeletal pain, and post-stroke sequelae. Interventions included ultrasound-guided acupuncture, warming acupuncture, dry needling, and electroacupuncture. The effectiveness of ultrasound-guided acupuncture was evaluated using pain, functional disability, and effective rate as outcome measures, and most studies reported significant improvements. This study is the first scoping review to report on trends, clinical efficacy, and safety of ultrasound-guided acupuncture. While it demonstrates potential for treating musculoskeletal disorders, post-stroke sequelae, spinal injuries, and other conditions/diseases, research on its application remains limited to specific conditions/diseases. Furthermore, substantial variations were observed in types of acupuncture, application areas, and treatment frequencies. Future research should focus on high-quality randomized controlled trials with standardized ultrasound frequencies for specific conditions/diseases.
Book Review: The Critical Visitor: Changing Heritage Practices edited by E. Steinbock and H. Dibbits (2023)
Authors: N.M. Tissen Liselore
Published: October 2024

Book review of the book 'The Critical Visitor: Changing Heritage Practices' by Eliza Steinbock and Hester Dibbits.
Review written by by Liselore N.M. Tisse.
Economic growth and foreign direct investment in Balkans
Authors: Lazaj Armira , Teta Jonida , Xhafka Eralda
Published: October 2024

Foreign direct investment (FDI) has become a key source of economic growth for the Balkan countries, offering vital funding for development initiatives. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the dynamics of FDI in Serbia, North Macedonia and Montenegro from 2000 to 2023. An econometric model was used to conduct the research, namely, the relationship between FDI and economic growth in the region was analysed. A multiple regression model was developed that includes gross domestic product growth as the dependent variable. It was established that significant fluctuations in the rates of economic growth are characteristic of all three countries during this period. Serbia has shown particular resilience, with positive growth rates prevailing in most years. Key sectors attracting FDI were also identified, including services, manufacturing, automotive, IT, agriculture, energy and tourism. The obtained results emphasised the importance of reforms aimed at business development, infrastructure development and regional integration, especially with the EU, as critical factors in attracting FDI. In addition, diversification of FDI sources was emphasised with increased investments from China, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates, which complement traditional investors from the EU. More than 60% of foreign investment in Serbia has been found to be concentrated in the services sector, while North Macedonia has successfully attracted investment in high value-added industries such as information technology and engineering. These findings are consistent with established economic theories about the impact of FDI on growth, while providing specific insights into the Balkan context. It found that a 1% increase in FDI was associated with a 0.3-0.5% increase in gross domestic product in the Balkan countries studied. The obtained results can become the basis for future political decisions and investment strategies in the region
Assessment of the economic value of physiotherapy treatment for economically effective results
Authors: Zotaj Aida , Krasniqi Marsida , Bara Rajmonda , Kalaja Rezarta , Veizaj Selda
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study was to compare the pricing of physiotherapy treatment in various countries of the world. A comparative analysis of the cost of physiotherapy was conducted in the United Kingdom, Germany, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Ireland, Canada, Indonesia, New Zealand, and Australia. The cost of physiotherapy was calculated considering 10 sessions per course of treatment in each clinic. The study determined that the cost of physiotherapy and massage varied substantially depending on the region and the medical institution. In the London clinic, the cost of 10 sessions of physiotherapy ranges from USD 721.62 to USD 1,818.49, depending on the duration of the procedures, and 10 massage sessions – from USD 787.23 to USD 1,115.24. In Switzerland, the same 45-minute course of physiotherapy costs USD 1,150, and an hour-long massage – USD 1,100. Financial costs for these procedures are substantially lower in Slovenia and Indonesia. In a Slovenian clinic, a course of 10 sessions of physiotherapy costs from USD 331.1 to USD 551.83, and massage – from USD 364.21 to USD 540.79. In Indonesia, the same course of physiotherapy is offered for USD 590.21-780.95, and massage – for USD 394.75-592.12. The cost of physiotherapy and massage procedures was directly related to the level of life and economic conditions in the country. In the United Kingdom and Switzerland, high health costs are explained by a high level of life and a developed medical infrastructure, while in Slovenia and Indonesia, services are more accessible to the public. Based on this, the most economically profitable solution for physiotherapy and massage is the introduction of batch sessions, which reduces the cost per session overall. In addition, financial costs are reduced due to reduced time for the procedure and the use of telemedicine during the rehabilitation session. This study helps to assess the pricing of physiotherapy procedures and further optimise national schemes with the formation of the most financially effective programmes
Optimization of direct supply chains in the restaurant industry: Addressing key challenges through technological innovation
Authors: Rasulov Rovshan
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to explore the potential of different supply channels in the restaurant industry, with a focus on optimizing direct supply using advanced technologies. By applying economic and statistical methods, the research analyses the role of large distributors and wholesalers in the United States food supply chain. While these supply chain participants support restaurant and manufacturer operations, they can also increase costs, reduce marketing and logistics control, and hinder the development of customer relationships. Direct supply presents significant advantages, such as improved brand loyalty, higher profit retention, and access to high-quality products. However, its growth is constrained by challenges like high marketing expenses and the implementation of same-day delivery. These costs include investments in advertising, technology platforms, CRM systems, and staff remuneration. Key obstacles to same-day delivery include staff shortages (especially drivers), high delivery costs, and inefficient logistics. The study suggests that technological solutions, including the development of direct access networks, automated promotional tools, and logistics infrastructure, can help mitigate these challenges. The Sample Box Marathon and Rgand Prime Fulfilment platforms are analysed as practical solutions that reduce costs and improve profitability. The findings of this research can provide valuable insights for producers and restaurants looking to optimize their supply chain operation
ROLE OF TECHNOLOGICAL ORIENTATION ON EFFECT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) PERFORMANCE
Authors: Equensen Jimmy Ahwoh , Idris Ismail Tijjani , Malachy O. D. Y.
Published: October 2024

Most SMEs in Nigeria die within their first five years of existence, a smaller percentage goes into extinction between the sixth and tenth year while only about five to ten percent survive, thrive and grow to maturity, the death of the businesses was largely caused by inadequate intellectual capital and technological orientation. The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between intellectual capital and SMEs performance with the moderating role of technological orientation. The study obtained data through a survey questionnaire. The researcher employed Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18 for preliminary analyses. For main analysis, the study employed partial least squares (PLS) path modelling. The findings of the study revealed that intellectual Capital has significant effect on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) performance, technological orientation significantly moderate the relationship between intellectual capital and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) performance. The study recommended that Owner/managers of SMEs should possess technical, interpersonal, and conceptual skills to effectively plan, lead, organize and control the enterprise effectively leading to increased performance.  The study concluded that intellectual capital has significant effect on SMEs performance and technological orientation significantly moderates the relationship between intellectual capital and SMEs performance.
Klimaschutz in der Sozialen Arbeit: Meilensteine und Herausforderungen auf dem Weg
Authors: Yeung Janina
Published: October 2024

In den letzten drei Jahren haben 67 Einrichtungen der Paritätischen Mitgliedsorganisationen vor Ort aktiv Klimaschutzmaßnahmen umgesetzt. Die Ergebnisse sind beeindruckend und zeigen, dass Klimaschutz in sozialen Einrichtungen einen bedeutenden Beitrag zur Emissionsreduktion leisten kann. Doch das Projekt offenbarte auch zahlreiche strukturelle Hürden, die das volle Potenzial bremsen. Das vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz geförderte Projekt „Klimaschutz in der Sozialen Arbeit stärken“ setzte sich das Ziel, innerhalb von fünf Jahren 12.374 Tonnen Treibhausgasemissionen einzusparen. Hochrechnungen zum Projektende zeigten, dass dieses Ziel erreicht und sogar übertroffen wurde: Insgesamt konnten 14.579,68 Tonnen CO2e eingespart werden. Diese beeindruckenden Zahlen sind nicht nur auf direkte Maßnahmen in den teilnehmenden Einrichtungen zurückzuführen, sondern auch auf eine breitere Sensibilisierung und das Engagement weiterer Einrichtungen, die durch die Projektarbeit inspiriert wurden. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über das nun abgeschlossene dreijährige Projekt „Klimaschutz in der Sozialen Arbeit stärken“.
Evaluation of the Anti-Corruption Laws and Measures on Investment in Nigeria
Authors: Akpoghome Theresa U
Published: October 2024

Nigeria's persistent corruption problem has significantly impeded its sustainable development and investment attractiveness. The pervasive nature of corruption poses substantial challenges to the nation's economic progress, governance, and both local and international investment opportunities. In response, various anti-corruption laws and measures have been instituted to combat this issue and promote transparency and accountability. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of these laws and measures in enhancing Nigeria's investment climate. Utilizing a doctrinal research methodology, the paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the legal framework, enforcement mechanisms, and practical outcomes. The paper identifies significant challenges and gaps within the regulatory and implementation mechanisms. It further delineates potential areas for improvement in Nigeria's anti-graft efforts and their impact on investments. The findings suggest that for anti-corruption measures to be effective, the government must demonstrate political will by adequately funding relevant agencies to enable optimal functioning. The paper concludes that the robust implementation of anti-corruption laws and mechanisms will enhance transparency, accountability, and adherence to global best practices, thereby encouraging increased investment in the country.
Strengthening Investment Climates Through Governance Reforms: Insights from Rwanda
Authors: Umutoniwase Rosette
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the role of governance reforms in enhancing investment climates, drawing insights from the Rwandan context. It examines major methods and techniques used by the Rwandan government to attract and maintain investment by conducting a comprehensive examination of its governance measures and their influence on the investment climate. It explores the interplay between governance reforms, regulatory legal frameworks, institutional capacity-building, and economic policies in creating an environment conducive to investment. The study reveals that Rwanda's remarkable economic transformation in recent years has been driven by proactive governance reforms aimed at creating an investment-friendly climate. The paper also discusses the problems faced and lessons learned from Rwanda's experience, giving significant insights for policymakers, development practitioners, and other countries looking to enhance their investment climates through governance reforms. Ultimately, this study contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between governance, investment, and economic development, emphasizing the need for proactive governance interventions in creating favorable investment conditions.
Investments in Dr Congo, Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Chibembe Daniel Bwabire
Published: October 2024

This study on investments in the DRC analyzed the legal framework for investments in the country, the impact of investment reforms since the adoption of the investment code, and the various challenges to be met if investment is to become a real driver of development in the country. The study highlighted the need for appropriate measures to improve the business climate in DR Congo. These involve strengthening administrative and judicial institutions, while taking into account the establishment of a genuine rule of law where anti-values are banished.
Trvání věcné příslušnosti (v řízení o insolvenční odpůrčí žalobě)
Authors: Tvrdík Ivan
Published: October 2024

Autor v článku kriticky útočí na ustálenou judikaturu Nejvyššího soudu, podle které se může věcně příslušný soud, jehož příslušnost byla bezpochyby dána v okamžiku zahájení řízení, stát v jeho průběhu věcně nepříslušným v důsledku pouhopouhé změny právního posouzení věci. Na příkladech německé, švýcarské a rakouské právní nauky, úpravy a praxe ukazuje, že zásada trvání příslušnosti, která u nás platí na základě druhé věty § 11 odst. 1 občanského soudního řádu, naopak takovému postupu zabraňuje. Pro určení věcné (a místní) příslušnosti jsou totiž až do skončení řízení rozhodné pouze ty okolnosti, které zde byly v době jeho zahájení. Je-li soud na základě hodnoty nebo právní povahy předmětu sporu věcně příslušný k projednání a rozhodnutí určité věci na začátku řízení, nemůže se jeho příslušnost změnit jen z důvodu změny právního posouzení věci soudem po provedeném dokazování. Příslušnost soudu se odvíjí výlučně jen od žalobního návrhu a žalobních skutkových tvrzení, příp. hmotněprávního posouzení žalobních tvrzení (nikoli od zjištěného skutkového stavu). Odpověď na otázku, který soud je (věcně) příslušný k projednání a rozhodnutí věci, totiž musí být patrná již od počátku řízení a nemůže se zásadně v jeho průběhu měnit. Tomu brání hlavně princip procesní ekonomie, argumenty s ním spojené a procesní vymezení předmětu sporu, jednodušeji řečeno: zásada trvání příslušnosti.
A GUIDANCE AND ASSURANCE-BASED INTERPRETATION OF THE INTERNAL AUDITING PROFESSION FROM A PROPHETIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Efe Ahmet
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the parallels between the macro-level guidance functions of prophets in Islam and the micro-level institutional responsibilities of internal auditors, grounded in a Qur’anic perspective. It posits that both roles share core functions, such as conveying messages to specific audiences, assessing and evaluating risks, and providing guidance for reasonable assurance. The central hypothesis is that the prophetic roles-encompassing the delivery of glad tidings, warnings, and serving as exemplary models for humanity-mirror the professional duties of internal auditors. By analyzing the prophetic functions of delivering divine messages and offering moral and ethical guidance, the study elucidates their relevance to the internal audit profession. It explores how internal auditors, tasked with assessing risk management processes, evaluating internal controls, and ensuring robust governance and risk management, can benefit from the prophetic model. The study underscores that understanding the alignment between the prophetic and auditing functions can yield profound insights into the internal audit profession. It advocates for internal auditors to deeply engage with the essence of prophethood (hakikat-ı nubuvvet) and diligently practice the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (A.S.M). By doing so with an extra illumination and motivational innovation, auditors can enhance their practice with the highest standards of guidance, leadership, and ethical conduct, thus adding genuine value to their profession and organizations.
A Randomized Case-Control Study on High-Frequency Chest Wall Oscillator Versus Conventional Chest Physical Therapy in Spinal Cord Injury Subjects
Authors: Siddiqui Rimsha , Choudhary Shrishti , Shukla Gopal , Malik Reshma , Gupta Jyoti , Malhotra Gunjan , Belwal Aarti , Thakur Shagun
Published: October 2024

Study Design: This study is a randomized case-control trial. Setting: Indian Spinal Injuries Centre, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, India. Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in severe respiratory dysfunction, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Respiratory complications, including atelectasis and pneumonia, are prevalent and exacerbated by compromised lung function and ineffective cough. CCPT poses risks like hypoxemia and arrhythmias. HFCWO has emerged as a promising alternative, facilitating airway clearance and improving lung function without manual intervention. Despite its efficacy in other conditions, its specific benefits in SCI require further study. Objective: To study the effect of High-Frequency Chest Wall Oscillator versus Conventional Chest Physical Therapy in candidates with Spinal Cord Injury. Methodology: A sample of 78 SCI patients was selected, with 71 completing the study. Patients were divided into Group A (HFCWO) and Group B (CCPT). Baseline vital, clinical, and radiological parameters were recorded. Group A received HFCWO twice daily for 15 minutes over 5 days, while Group B received CCPT that included positioning, percussions on the affected lobe, and mechanical vibration for 5 days as indicated. Suctioning was performed post-intervention in both groups. Parameters were re-evaluated post-treatment and after 5 days by an intensivist. Results: The median (IQR) age of participants was 32 (18 to 60). Wilcoxon signed- rank test was used for intragroup analysis. The intervention group (HFCWO) had a median age of 49, and the control group (CCPT) had a median age of 22.In the HFCWO group, RR significantly decreased and SpO2 significantly increased (p<0.05) from Day 1 to Day 5. No significant changes were observed in HR and MAP. PEEP, FiO2, and ROASSCI significantly decreased (p<0.05). In the CCPT group, RR, HR, and MAP significantly increased (p<0.05), with no significant change in SpO2. PEEP and FiO2 significantly decreased, but ROASSCI did not change. Both groups showed significant improvement in Chest X-ray scores (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study compares High-Frequency Chest Wall Oscillator (HFCWO) with conventional chest physical therapy (CCPT) in spinal cord injury patients. HFCWO showed superior improvements in clinical and radiological parameters, facilitating earlier ventilator weaning. These findings suggest that HFCWO is a more effective alternative to CCPT for airway clearance in intubated SCI patients.
The Role of the Tarteel Application in Maintaining the Memorization of Al-Qur'an Memorizers
Authors: Naufal Ahmad Ghani , Dahliana Yeti , Prasetyo Arif
Published: October 2024

The Quran is considered the word of Allah and was revealed to the last messenger by the angel Gabriel. It is a religious duty for Muslims to read the Quran, as they believe it to be the only reliable source of life guidance. The Prophet Muhammad SAW was instructed to have specialists write down the verses whenever they were revealed, ensuring that the Quran was constantly maintained. Memorizing the Quran is considered one of the greatest virtues and the highest form of worship before Allah SWT. There are various techniques for memorizing the Quran, including the Sorongan method, which has drawbacks such as lower time efficiency and effectiveness, as well as difficulties with memorization, including boredom and forgetfulness. To make memorizing the Quran easier and more effective, an application has been developed, providing personalized and interactive features tailored to individual needs.
Additionally, the application addresses the monotony of the memorization process and can improve concentration and memory quality. The innovative Tarteel AI technology combines artificial intelligence to make learning the Quran more organized and effective. The application offers benefits such as reciting, memorizing, and searching the Quran. This study employs a descriptive qualitative literature research methodology and uses data reduction, data presentation, and data analysis techniques to acquire reliable data.
 
Keywords: Application, Tarteel, Memorizing, Al-Qur'an
Radyasyon Uygulamaları ve Radyasyondan Korunma
Authors: Akkaş Ayhan , Kavak Ayşe Gülbin , Demir Hikmettin , Kaya Mehmet Ali , Çatlı Dinç Serap , Nur Süreyya
Published: October 2024

Radyasyon, elektromanyetik dalgalar veya parçacıklar biçimindeki enerji emisyonu (yayımı) ya da aktarımıdır. Radyasyon, iyonize ve non-iyonize olarak ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Doğada bulunan ve radyoaktif elementlerden yayılan enerjilere doğal radyasyon, cihazlardan veya cihazlara bağlı kaynaklardan üretilen enerjilere yapay radyasyon denilmektedir. Doğadan veya cihazlardan üretilen enerjilerin durgun kütleli olanları foton, belli bir kütleye sahip olanları da parçacık radyasyondur. Günümüzde radyasyon, çoğunlukla tanı ve tedavide kullanılmaktadır. Hastanelerde Radyoloji, Radyasyon Onkolojisi ve Nükleer Tıp birimlerinde iyonize ve non-iyonize radyasyon kullanılmaktadır. Kullanılan enerjilerin türlerine göre, hem hasta hem de çalışanın radyasyondan korunma konusunda bilgi sahibi olması gerekir. Teknoloji ilerledikçe, hastanelerde radyasyon üreten cihazların kullanımı artmaktadır ve bu da radyasyondan korunmayı daha önemli hale getirmektedir.
Kitapta, radyasyon üreten ve tıpta kullanılan cihazlardan; bilgisayarlı tomografi, mamografi, panoramik radyografi cihazlarının yapısı ve kullanımı, görüntü kılavuzluğunda radyoterapi teknikleri ve uygulamaları ve radyasyon zırhlamaları konularına yer verilmiştir.
Radyasyon Zırhlamaları
Authors: Akkaş Ayhan
Published: October 2024

Günümüzde teknolojinin ilerlemesi ile birlikte birçok yapay radyasyon kaynağı sağlık sektöründe (radyoloji, nükleer tıp vs.), nükleer enerji santrallerinde, uzay araştırmalarında ve endüstriyel uygulamalarda insan hayatına girmiştir. Uygulamalarda radyasyon maruziyetinin insanlar için istenilen seviyelere düşürmek için en etkin yollardan biri, radyasyon yayan cihaz ile bu cihazın kullanıldığı alanın uygun bir malzeme ile zırhlanmasıdır. Radyasyon zırhlaması birçok farklı parametrenin hesaba katılması ile mümkün olmaktadır. Radyasyon zırh malzemesi seçimi, radyasyonun enerjisi ve tipine göre farklılıklar göstermektedir. Bununla beraber kullanılan malzemenin yoğunluğu, ısıl iletkenliği, radyasyon hasarlarına karşı gösterdiği direnç gibi yapısal özellikleri ile ekonomik maliyeti ön plana çıkan diğer parametrelerdir.
Decent Work Practices Incorporated in the Collective Bargaining Agreements of Unionized Firms
Authors: Edralin Divina , Pastrana Ronald
Published: October 2024

We investigated the decent work practices related to employment at work, rights at work, social protection, and social dialogue incorporated in the Collective Bargaining Agreements (CBAs) of unionized firms. We analyzed qualitatively the various provisions of each of the 20 CBAs of unionized firms from diverse industries in the Philippines that come from manufacturing, hotels, resorts, health, education, telecommunication, and public utilities. Findings revealed that the CBAs' provisions articulate many significant provisions on decent work practices. Specifically, the employment-at-work provisions revealed 14 main themes related to benefits, employee classification, wages, work hours, and opportunities for advancement. Eight key themes were identified on rights at work provisions: employee development, protection against discrimination, safeguards against company closure, sale, lease, transfer, or merger, protection against lay-offs and retrenchment, shared social responsibility, and the ban on labor contracting. On social protection provisions, twelve main themes emerged: maternity benefits, other social security benefits, job security, extended financial assistance and loan benefits, and medical/health care incentive programs. On social dialogue provisions, 11 main themes evolved about union-management communication, acknowledging the current labor union as the sole bargaining representative, the institution of grievance machinery, the union's right to information and consultation, as well as the presence of the Labor-Management Committee. The overall results underscored the important role of the union through its collective bargaining power in ensuring that decent work thrives in the workplace. We recommend implementing the “one union one industry policy” as stipulated in the Labor Code; strengthening the conceptual, technical, and behavioral skills of the union leaders; treating unions as social partners; and undertaking research studies that can benefit both the union and management during their CBA negotiations. These efforts can open more opportunities for unions and those workers covered by CBAs to actualize the ILO conventions of guaranteeing decent work that will transform people and organizations toward a sustainable mindset that includes justice, peace, and equality for the common good of the future generation of working people.
Experimental Performance Analysis of Fabricated Si/Ge Thin Film Structure
Authors: Sh. M. Eladl  , K. A. Sharshar
Published: October 2024

This paper is devoted to the evaluation of a Silicon/Germanium (Si/Ge) thin film structure based on experimental measurements. An electron beam evaporator was used to fabricatethis structure. The sample was prepared under high vacuum conditions (pressure of 10-5 Torr, power of 6 kV and current of 200 mA). At these conditions, it was possible to get films with thickness of approximately 300 Å. The capacitance–voltage (C–V) and current–voltage (I–V) measurements of the sample were performed by a staircase sweep of voltages from 0 to 5 V and back from 5 to 0 V at room temperature. The sample exhibits a low hysteresis in measurements; this hysteresis is gradually removed when the sample is exposed to temperatures until 80 °C using a Carbolite Oven. It is also observed that both C-V and I-V characteristic curves of the sample has been smoothened. This sample exhibits an electroforming behavior as a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) device over a short time duration of the selected staircase double sweep, hence it can be exploited as a fast switching element in digital microelectronic circuits. In addition, the hysteresis changes over the range from room temperature until 80 °C have opened the door to the possibility of exploiting this sample as a proximity temperature sensor within that range of temperature.
Optical Characteristics and Antibacterial Activity of PVA/ZnO Nanocomposites
Authors: Ghadeer Abdul Hadi Abdul Jabbar  , Asrar Abdulmunem Saeed  , Mahasin F. Hadi AL-Kadhemy
Published: October 2024

The process of solution casting was used to create nanocomposites with different amounts of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.004 and 0.005)g. The structural and optical properties of PVA/ZnO nanocomposites were examined.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of (PVA/ZnO) nanocomposite films at 0.003 g and 0.005 g shows ZnONPs appear to form groups and disperse well; for the quantity of ZnONPs to (PVA) polymer, it forms varied shapes in specific areas inside the polymer . UV-Visible spectroscopy was utilized to measure the optical properties in the (200-900) nm wavelength range. Experiments have shown that increasing the amount of ZnONPs in nanocomposites enhances the absorbance spectrum and absorption coefficient of PVA polymer. The energy band gap of PVA polymer decreased as the amount of ZnONPs grew. In a research of the antibacterial activity of these nanocomposites, pathogen microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella similipneumoniae, and Candida albicans were utilized. According to the findings, the chemical nature and shape of the composites have a substantial impact on antibacterial activity, with antibacterial activity increasing as the amount of Zinc Oxide rise.
Effect of Dispersing Agents on the Electrical and Mechanical Performance of GNPs Filled Epoxy Nanocomposite
Authors: Wong Wee Chun  , Teh Pei Leng  , Yeoh Cheow Keat  , Osman Azlin Fazlina , Lim Bee Ying  , Mohamad Syahmie Mohamad Rasidi
Published: October 2024

In this work, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) filled epoxy nanocomposites with the addition of different dispersing agents were fabricated using a method combines mechanical mixing and tip sonication. The loading of GNPs used is 0.8 vol% determined previously as the amount required to achieve the percolation threshold to conduct electricity. Three dispersing agents were used in this work: Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), ethanol and Phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE), with loadings varying from 2 vol% to 10 vol%. The incorporation of dispersing agent enhanced the electrical bulk conductivity of GNPs filled nanocomposites. The mechanical performance (flexural properties and fracture toughness) of the nanocomposite were evaluated and compared. The optimum loading of SDS to obtain the highest flexural strength and fracture toughness is 2 vol%, where further increases will deteriorate the performance of nanocomposites. On the other hand, the optimum loading of ethanol and PGE are 4 vol%. The fracture toughness of GNPs filled nanocomposites improved with the addition of 2 vol% SDS and deteriorated with increasing loadings of SDS up to 10 vol%. By incorporating 4 vol% of ethanol, the optimum fracture toughness of the nanocomposite is achieved. Fracture toughness is then dropped with further increases in ethanol. The addition of PGE caused deterioration in fracture toughness of GNPs filled epoxy nanocomposite.
Formation of Bio-based Derived Dicalcium Silicate Ceramics via Mechanochemical Treatment: Physical, XRD, SEM and FTIR Analyses
Authors: Siti Nur Hazwani Yunus  , Khor Shing Fhan  , Banjuraizah Johar  , Nur Maizatul Shima Adzali  , Nur Hazlinda Jakfar  , Cheng Ee Meng  , Emma Ziezie Mohd Tarmizi  , Zainal Abidin Talib
Published: October 2024

Beta-dicalcium silicate plays an important role in modern technology, but its tendency for polymorphic transformation results in the dusting phenomenon, is a major challenge. Therefore, mechanochemical treatment is used to reduce the particle size to retain the stability of the polymorph. In this study, pure dicalcium silicate ceramics of β-monoclinic structure with P 121/c1 space group were synthesized using calcium oxide and silicate powders derived from calcined eggshells and rice husks, respectively. The powders were mixed in a 2:1 molar ratio by mechanochemical treatment and heat-treated in the air at temperatures ranging from 900°C to 1100°C for 2 h. The results reveal that pure betadicalciumsilicate formed at 1100°C without adding stabilizers. The properties of the pristine and sintered bodies were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM revealed that the grain and pore sizes increase with rising sintering temperatures. FTIR spectra indicate the existence of Si-O bonds in -4 4 SiO tetrahedrons on all the samples. The sample sintered at 1000°C attains the lowest bulk density (1.2463 g/cm3), whereas the apparent porosity is the highest (62.5%). The reason for this trend is due to the decomposition of carbonate into CO2 gas. The densification onset for the sample sintered at 1100°C as the bulk density rises and grain size achieves 6.06 μm. This study further explains the effect of sintering temperatures on the physical, structural, and morphological properties of Ca2SiO4 which would also be useful for further optimization of its use.
Facile Electrical DNA Genosensor for Human Papillomavirus (HPV 58) for Early Detection of Cervical Cancer
Authors: F. Nadhirah Jaapar  , N. A. Parmin  , N. Hamidah A Halim  , Uda Hashim  , Subash C.B. Gopinath  , A. Rahim Ruslinda , Sh. Nadzirah  , C.H. Voon  , M.N.A. Uda  , Wei Chern Ang  , Iffah Izzati Zakaria  , Zulida Rejali  , Amilia Afzan  , Azrul Azlan Hamzah  , Chang Fu Dee  , F. Syakirah Halim
Published: October 2024

For decades, a Pap smear test has been applied as a conventional method in detecting Human Papillomavirus caused cervical cancer. False-positive results were also recorded while using it as conventional method. Current biosensor such as Hybrid (II) Capture resulted in higher time consumption and cost. s Meanwhile, in this study we provided facile, mini, rapid, highly sensitive, eco-friendly, and cost-effective sensing system focusing on HPV strain 58 (HPV58) in a nano-size lab-on-chip technology genosensor. 30-mer of virus ssDNA designed and analyzed as a probe via bioinformatics tools such as GenBank, Basic Local Alignment Searching Tools (BLAST) and ClustalW. Nanotechnology-developed colloidal Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs) are used in the biosensor fabrication to produce high stability and electron efficient transmission during electrical measurement. AuNPs-APTES modified on active sites of IDEs, followed by immobilization of specific probe ssDNA for HPV 58. Hydrogen binding during hybridization with its target produce electrical signals measured by KEITHLEY 2450 (Source Meter). The genosensor validated with different types of targets such as complimentary, non-complementary and single mismatch oligonucleotides. The serial dilution of target concentration has been experimented triplicate (n=3) range from 1fM to 10μM. The slope of calibration curve resulted 2.389E-0 AM-1 with regression coefficient (R2) = 0.97535.
Simulation and Investigation of Si-Based Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer (PMUT) Performances
Authors: H. Aris  , Muhammad Nizam Rosli  , M. N. M. Nuzaihan  , Z. Sauli  , W. M. W. Norhaimi
Published: October 2024

Micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) based piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers for acoustic imaging of the surroundings are known as piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs). This research proposes a structural design of the PMUT with four fixed-guided beams. The beam is subjected to lateral loads, with vectors that are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. This project simulated Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer (PMUT) with three different material properties i.e. Aluminium Nitride (AlN), Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and Zinc Oxide (ZnO). Based on the study, it was found that reducing the beam dimensions and increasing the plate size will result in the first mode frequency reduction from 1.33x107 Hz to 3.74x106 Hz. Other than that, it was found that AlN PMUT experienced the maximum deflection of 6.3413 to 6.3478 μm when the loads applied in the range of 50 to 200 μN/m2. When the piezoelectric material changed to PZT, we obtained the maximum deflections of 0.3771 to 0.3786 μm when the same loads range applied to the PMUT. As for the ZnO PMUT, the maximum deflections obtained were in between 0.1702 μm to 0.1772 μm with the loads are maintained as in the loads applied to the AlN and PZT. This study proved the significant impact of altering the structural dimensions and material properties of PMUTs on their operational characteristics, specifically the first mode frequency and deflection behavior.
Curved-pipe flow with boundary conditions involving Bernoulli pressure
Authors: Doresic Tvrtko , Pazanin Igor
Published: October 2024

In this article, we study the steady-state flow of the incompressible  viscous fluid through a thin distorted pipe with an arbitrary central  curve. We prescribe the inflow and outflow boundary conditions involving  the Bernoulli pressure with a given pressure drop.  Using the multiscale expansion technique with respect to the pipe's  thickness, we construct the higher-order asymptotic approximation of  the flow given by the explicit formulae for the velocity and pressure.  We also perform a detailed error analysis justifying the usage of the  proposed solution and indicating its order of accuracy. 
For more information see https://ejde.math.txstate.edu/Volumes/2024/63/abstr.html
Impact Of Relational Leadership on Effective Services of Church Volunteer Workers
Authors:   The Nigerian Baptist Theological Seminary, Ogbomoso, Ishola Olufemi J.
Published: October 2024

The church thrives on the effective engagement of volunteer workers who give their time, money, and talents to promote the gospel through cooperative work with the church pastors and other church staff. Upon this assumption, the writers intend to promote relational leadership theory that can help pastors and other church staff engage and maximize their potential. In achieving this singular purpose, the writers explored the relational leadership theory and described who volunteers are in the church context. The research also discusses relational issues among volunteer church workers, while impacts that implementation of this theory could have on church workers were finally explained. The article reveals that relational leadership would help leaders prioritize interest in the church volunteer workers’ personal life; encourages formal and informal communication; inspires teamwork; and guides church volunteer workers toward achieving their job descriptions.
ESKİ TÜRKÇEDEKİ /ç/, /s/ ve /z/ ÜNSÜZLERİNİN 20. YÜZYIL ÖNCESİ BAŞKURT TÜRKÇESİNDEKİ DURUMU
Authors: Ünüvar Dursun
Published: October 2024

İdil-Ural bölgesi, genel anlamda Çuvaş Türkçesi, Tatar Türkçesi, Mişer Türkçesi, Tipter Türkçesi, Kazak Türkçesi ve Başkurt Türkçesinin daha dar alanda ise Çuvaş, Tatar ve Başkurt Türkçesinin temas halinde olduğu bir coğrafyadır. Lehçeler arası temas, İdil-Ural Türk ağızlarının fonetiğine de yansımıştır. 20. yüzyıl öncesinde yayımlanan eserlerde bu teması görmek mümkündür; çünkü bu dönemdeki eserler Sovyet dil politikası öncesinde yazılmıştır. Çalışmada, çağdaş Başkurt Türkçesini diğer Türk yazı dillerinden ayıran ET. /ç/ > Bşk. T. /s/; ET. /s-/ > Bşk. T. /h-/; ET. /-s-/ > Bşk. T. /-ś-/; ET. /-s/ > Bşk. T. /-ś/; ET. /-z-/ > Bşk. T./-ẕ-/ ve ET. /-z/ > Bşk. T. /-ẕ/ ses denkliklerinin tarihî Başkurt Türkçesindeki biçimleri tespit edilmiştir. Eski Türkçedeki /ç/, /s/ ve /z/ ses birimlerinin Başkurt Türkçesinin yazı dili öncesindeki biçimleri üzerinden dil politikasının standart türe etkisi ortaya konmuştur. Neticede, tarihî Başkurt Türkçesinde yaygın olmayan ses denkliklerinin Başkurt Türkçesi yazı dilinde standartlaştırıldığı görülmüştür. Özellikle ET. /s-/ > Bşk. T. /h-/ ses denkliğinin 20. yüzyıl öncesinde yaygın görülen ses gelişmelerinden biri olmamasına rağmen günümüz Başkurt Türkçesinin en önemli niteliklerinden biri olması dikkat çekicidir. Bununla birlikte, tarihî Başkurt Türkçesi metinlerinde diş arası /ẕ/ ünsüzünün kullanımı yaygınken diş arası /ś/ ünsüzü daha az kullanılmaktadır ancak bu iki ses birimi yazı dili sonrasındaki dönemde standart hâle gelmiştir.
Does uncertainty undermine statistical power analysis?
Authors: Rohlfing Ingo
Published: October 2024

The post critiques the paper “Uncertainty limits the use of power analysis”. It highlights issues with power analysis because of uncertainty deriving from sampling variability and fluctuating population effect sizes. While acknowledging valid points, I believe the paper’s conclusions are overly dismissive and argue for a refined approach to power and sample size estimation, if one accepts that uncertainty is a problem.