bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Performance and Risk Profile of Airline Stocks
Authors: Nguyen Huan Huu , Phan Truc Thi Nha , Ngo Vu Minh
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak dealt a severe blow to the global economy, especially to the airline industry, due to worldwide lockdown measures implemented by the authorities. This paper aims to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the airline stock performance of seven markets in Asia and three other markets in Australia, Germany and the United States. The data is collected from 42 airline firms from 2019 to 2020. The research outcomes indicate that: (a) COVID-19 only temporarily impacts stock returns; (b) Market values plunge immediately after the first confirmed case, and it still shows no evidence of returning to the price levels before the outbreak; (c) COVID-19 has a significant impact on stock volatility; (d) Most stocks do not illustrate any higher exposure to systematic risks.
Assessment of the Level of Economies' Foreign Trade Diversification
Authors: Popov Oleksandr , Melnikov Sergiy , Skachkov Oleksandr , Lyba Vasiliy
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study is to consider the concept of diversification in the context of foreign trade, to clarify the classification of types of foreign trade diversification, ways to assess the level and to conduct a mass assessment of the level of foreign trade diversification of countries. The justification of the undertaken topic is that the national economies of the modern world do not function autonomously, they are interconnected by trade, co-production, financial and migration flows, and following international integration, these relationships are only strengthening. Therefore, the disruption of foreign trade relations of countries can cause more problems, lower the level of their foreign trade diversification. However, despite of these, today the issue of foreign trade diversification is not sufficiently deeply studied, including ways to classify foreign trade diversification and assess its level. The research methodology includes methods for calculating indicators characterizing the level of diversification. For calculations, the values of indicators characterizing the annual volume of international trade of the countries of the world are used. The results of calculation of indicators of the level of foreign trade diversification according to statistical data on the volume of imports and exports of the world are presented. Choropleth maps of the level of foreign trade diversification of the world are created. Conclusions are made on the possibility and convenience of using indicators of foreign trade diversification.
How Stable is Your Customer? Individual and Ipsative Consistency of Consumers’ Big Five Personality Traits
Authors: Poier Stefan
Published: September 2022

In purchase behavior research, the personal dispositions of consumers can play a decisive role. This becomes relevant especially in very narrow target groups when socio-demographic constraints are very similar. In the present study, three types of continuity and change in the Big Five personality traits are investigated. While the Big Five personality traits have been extensively studied at the population level over the last decades, there is very little research at the individual level. This study is intended to fill the gap by investigating individual change and ipsative stability using representative panel data. Across four assessments, separated by four years, of the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) from 2005 to 2017, a total of 58,502 participants (ages 16–103, 53% female) completed a 16-item personality short test. An exploratory structural equation analysis revealed very good model fit over age in all four observations. Individual change of a trait is examined by Asendorpf's IS indicator while ipsative stability is measured by the double-entry intra-class correlation coefficient. The results showed that in both domains, stability showed an inverse u-shape with a peak between the ages of 40 and 50.
Asymmetric Impact of Exchange Rate Changes on Money Demand in Malaysia
Authors: Abdullah Hussin , El-Rasheed Shehu , Khan Hafizah Hammad Ahmad
Published: September 2022

The relationship between exchange rate and money demand has long been debated among macroeconomists due to its impact on the stability of money demand and monetary policy. Following the significant depreciation in the currency exchange associated with the political instability in Malaysia in recent years, examining the relationship between exchange rate and money demand is crucial to ensure the monetary policy remains prudent. This study examined the asymmetric impact of exchange rate changes on money demand in Malaysia using both linear and nonlinear ARDL approaches. The findings reveal that the money demand responds asymmetrically to exchange rate changes both in the short and long run, whereby the response to a negative shock (local currency depreciation) outweighs the positive shock (local currency appreciation). The result also suggests that the substitution effects dominate the exchange rate and money demand relationship. Consequently, with the economic and political instability continuing, the currency exchange is expected to depreciate further, contributed by the strong substitution effects. This will greatly affect the stability of money demand and the monetary policy and thereby call upon a policy intervention to strengthen the currency exchange and sustain the long-run economic performance.
The Implementation of the Istanbul Convention in Croatia – Legal and Institutional Challenges
Authors: Munivrana Maja , Bosak Martina
Published: September 2022

Much misinformation and many untruths have been spread about the Istanbul Convention during the process of its ratification in Croatia. This has caused the mobilisation of different groups and led to widespread campaigns against the Convention and what it represents. However, interest in the Convention has decreased following its ratification. Not even a third of the pre-ratification content currently exists in the public sphere. Although public interest has waned, it did not relieve the Government of the Republic of Croatia from its obligation to implementation the Convention. This paper analyses the implementation of the Istanbul Convention in the legal and institutional realms and assesses its effects on the ground.
The (non)-Ratification of the Istanbul Convention by Hungary: Lessons to be Learned
Authors: Drinóczi Tímea , Balogh Lídia
Published: September 2022

This paper focuses on the erosion of the consensus around the Istanbul Convention due to the political obstacles to its ratification process in particular EU Member States. We warn that a black-and-white approach does not assist to understand the situation. Instead of conceptualising the rejection of the Convention as a “backlash” phenomenon, a more nuanced analysis is needed, especially in light of the ongoing EU legislative project in the field of combating gender-based violence. We first identify four main types of concerns regarding the Istanbul Convention on the international level: conservative, libertarian, “across-the-aisle” anti-feminist, and mainstream feminist concerns. Second, we consider the prevalence of these types of concerns in the Hungarian discourse, raised by the key political and civil society actors. Hungary provides an essential case study not only because of its role as a non-ratifying state and as an opponent of the EU-ratification plan but also due to the emergence of an additional (fifth kind of) concern related to the issue of migration (and asylum) in its discourse. Furthermore, the change in political situation in Europe since the adoption of the Convention in 2011 cannot be ignored. We believe that the analysis of the Hungarian discourse, may contribute to understanding the criticism towards the Convention and, as a consequential effect, facilitate the EU’s legislative efforts in the relevant fields.
Die Metaphysik und der Motor
Authors: Scheier Claus-Artur
Published: September 2022

In this work, the philosopher Claus-Artur Scheier reconstructs the development from industrial modernity to media modernity, following its intertwined paths. This anthology collates his works on phenomenology, the philosophy of time and the philosophy of history, which were written over the last three decades; some are published here for the first time. Scheier’s protagonists range from Husserl to Derrida, from Simone Weil to Carl Schmitt, and prove that, as a renowned expert on the 19th century, he is an inspiring interpreter of the 20th century, too. After all, that is his own century: this book has been published on the occasion of Scheier’s 80th birthday. The introduction by Nicole C. Karafyllis gives background information and collates biographical notes, which are supplemented with photographs of and personal texts by Scheier.
Demenz
Authors: Knell Sebastian , Thal Dietmar , Lipp Volker
Published: September 2022

This expert report informs about the medical basis of dementia’s cluster of symptoms, outlines pertinent legal norms, and discusses connected ethical problems. Dementia comprises a cluster of symptoms primarily characterized by an impairment of cognitive abilities. It brings about significant changes in a wide range of areas for the persons who are affected as well as for their social environment. Interacting with persons affected by dementia therefore involves normative challenges. This also raises questions regarding legal capacity,

medical care, and pertinent instruments for adult guardianship law.
Das Verbot einer verfassungswidrigen Gewerkschaft
Authors: Chassein Chantal
Published: September 2022

The defensibility of German democracy becomes especially important in times of increasing extremist currents in society. Therefore, this paper addresses whether and how the Federal Republic can ban an anti-constitutional labor union, which is further complicated by the special protective status of coalitions in the German constitution and the thin regulatory situation under German law. In this context, the author investigates the freedom of trade unions and its limits, as well as presents in detail the constitutional barrier on the basis of which a ban on trade unions is possible. She also shows conceivable practical scenarios for banning unions and offers a proposal for a more transparent legal situation.
Staat, Gott und Vernunft
Authors: Campagna Norbert
Published: September 2022

What was the relationship between absolutism and rationalism in 17th century France? In what sense can the political action of absolute kings be seen as orienting itself according to reason? Can the legitimacy claim of absolute rule withstand philosophical analysis? This book shows that philosophers like Descartes and Pascal had no illusions about the philosophical weakness of legitimacy claims by absolute rulers, though they maintained the importance of the illusion of legitimacy at the same time. The book also shows that the champions of absolutism were eager to stress the rational character of the actions of absolute rulers.
Hochschulgovernance
Authors: Neukirchen Mathias , Emmrich Etienne
Published: September 2022

Universities need to balance the (admin) tasks they perform on behalf of the state and the self-governing science tasks. The exact design of the governance of the university at the central and decentral level decisively determines the success of a university as well as the participation of the university members and the freedom of the scientists.

The authors give an overview of fundamental questions of university governance and the constitutional and legal framework. Using the example of a university of applied sciences in Berlin based on the amendment of the Higher Education Act in Berlin, the authors discuss the legal requirements and possibilities for the individual institutions, also in comparison with the regulations of other federal states.
Biodiversitätsschutz im Mittelmeer
Authors: Schachtner Daniel
Published: September 2022

The solution of problems with regard to the protection of the marine biodiversity is an urgent challenge not only for states but also for governmental and non-governmental organisations. A large number of those problems appear in the Mediterranean Sea. This results primarily from the high level of biodiversity and the intense use of the Mediterranean basin. The author focusses on networks of marine protected areas in marine regions far from land and takes the complex Mediterranean system of marine zones into account. Against this background, the legal framework of global and regional international is analysed as well as the law of the European Union. Besides the international law of the sea, this includes the relevant regulations for the protection of biodiversity as well as fishing and shipping law. The examination assesses the current state of implementation of legal obligations and refers to scientific proposals concerning the extension of networks of marine protected areas.
Meta-analysis of radioulnar contrasts in dermatoglyphic ridge-counts between individual fingers
Authors: Polcerová Lenka , Králík Miroslav , Meinerová Tereza , Chovancová Mária , Čuta Martin
Published: September 2022

Radioulnar contrasts (numerically: differences) between ridge counts of individual fingers of the human hand have been identified as promising features in respect to prenatal signalling. In this study, we compared the results of a meta-analysis of intersex differences in radioulnar contrasts between published mean values of dermatoglyphic ridge counts on the fingers of the hand (calculated from the higher RC of each finger) with intersex differences obtained from radioulnar contrasts already calculated at the individual level.Searching the NCBI-PMC, ScienceDirect databases, and archival resources, we found a total of 273 dermatoglyphic studies (after merging duplicates in databases). However, only 11 of those studies were suitable for meta-analysis after application of all selection criteria, including our own four studies. Considering the effort spent in searching for articles, we were able to find very few studies that published statistical parameters of ridge counts by individual finger and that would thus be suitable for studying contrasts between fingers. When statistical parameters have been published for individual fingers, they did not represent the descriptions of all ridge counts from the radial and ulnar sides of the fingers (i.e., 10 values on each hand), but only the ridge count with the higher value is selected for each finger (i.e., 5 values on each hand) at the individual level. The meta-analytically obtained sex dimorphism (contrasts between the mean values of the ridge counts) are virtually indistinguishable from the dimorphism from the contrasts calculated at the individual level (means of the contrasts). However, the step of selecting one (higher) ridge count from each finger blurs the dimorphism and makes interpretation of the sex differences difficult. The results cannot then be compared with those obtained from the complete set of all ridge counts on the fingers.
Contexto & Educação - C&E: trinta e sete volumes de história sobre educação nas ciências
Authors: Balestrin Konageski Jamile Tábata , Pansera-de-Araújo Maria Cristina
Published: September 2022

Por meio deste texto, busca-se descrever os aspectos teóricos e práticos da Revista Contexto & Educação - C&E -, e seu compromisso com o desenvolvimento da área da Educação no país. O periódico é editado regularmente desde 1986 e, atualmente, é vinculado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação nas Ciências da Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul - Unijuí. Narramos, brevemente, a história da C&E ao trazer, por meio de uma análise documental de caráter qualitativo, o potencial científico através de edições da revista selecionados nos anos de 1986, 1993, 1998, 2010 e 2021. O levantamento e o registro de aspectos importantes da trajetória da C&E, ao longo dos anos, reafirmam o compromisso social e político deste periódico científico e da Unijuí, coerente com suas origens comunitárias e a sua função social.
Predictores del bienestar psicológico en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos físicamente activos
Authors: Martínez-Alvarado Julio Román , Guillén Félix , Aguiar Palacios Luis Horacio , Magallanes Rodríguez Ana Gabriela , Campuzano Ana
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar el poder predictivo de la motivación intrínseca y la autoeficacia para mantenerse activo sobre el bienestar psicológico en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos físicamente activos. La muestra de este estudio predictivo transversal estuvo conformada por 539 estudiantes universitarios físicamente activos, de ambos sexos (Hombres = 34%, mujeres = 66%) y con edades comprendidas entre los 17 y 47 años (M = 19.8, DT = 2.88). El 84% de los universitarios reporta hacer ejercicio físico de manera regular y el 36% practicar deporte de manera formal. De acuerdo con los principales resultados del análisis de regresión múltiple por el método de pasos sucesivos, la autoeficacia resultó el mejor predictor de los tres indicadores de bienestar psicológico (Autoestima, satisfacción con la vida y vitalidad subjetiva). La motivación intrínseca predijo la vitalidad subjetiva. A pesar de que los porcentajes de varianza explicada son relativamente bajos, tanto la autoeficacia como la motivación intrínseca resultaron predictores de la vitalidad subjetiva en universitarios que realizan actividad físico-deportiva de manera regular. La autoeficacia para mantenerse físicamente activo resultó ser el mejor predictor de los tres indicadores de bienestar psicológico. Un individuo que confía en sus planes para mantenerse realizando actividad físico-deportiva, con objetivos claros, es probable que se sienta mejor consigo mismo, acepte su vida actual y experimente niveles de energía óptimos.
Core Competitiveness of Graduates Majoring in Environmental Design under the Background of “Rural Revitalization + New Liberal Arts”: Cultivation Situation and Renewal Path
Authors:   Sichuan Normal University, WANG Xiaodong , CHEN Gang ,   Shaanxi Normal University
Published: September 2022

Under the background of the great changes that have not been seen in a century and the COVID-19 raging, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council always put the purpose of being realistic and pragmatic and ensure people’s livelihood in a prominent position, attached great importance to the employment of college graduates, listed it as the top priority of employment, and required relevant government departments at all levels to do a good job in ensuring people’s livelihood. Facing the specific reality of the difficult employment of college graduates, professional teachers must be realistic and understand the situation: that is, they must recognize what the core competitiveness of graduates majoring in environmental design is, why is it important and how to improve it, so as to further implement the task of talent training in Colleges and Universities in the new era, innovate the path of talent training and complete the mission of teaching and educating people.
Practical Predicament and Promotion Path of High-quality Development of Professional Degree Postgraduate Education in Hubei Province
Authors:   School of Law and Business, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China, HU Han , TAN Mingwu ,   Organization Department of CPC, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China, LIU Jiabei ,   School of Law and Business, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China, WANG Menghan ,   School of Law and Business, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China, FU Shuke ,   1.School of Law and Business, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China;3.Center for High Quality Collaborative Development of Resources, Environment and Economy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China, LIU Xinyu ,   School of Law and Business, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
Published: September 2022

As the endogenous development force and the main component of the postgraduate education system, the high-quality development of professional degree postgraduate education in Hubei Province is directly related to the overall development of the region and even the overall development of higher education in China. However, there are still some issues in the aspects of training institution, cultivation process, discipline, and specialty. In view of the series of issues that hinder the high-quality development of professional degree postgraduate education in Hubei Province, this research proposes specific practical paths such as insisting on innovative concepts, improving the professional degree training system, and clarifying the functional orientation of disciplines, to improve the quality of professional degree postgraduate education and meet the needs of the social and economic development of Hubei province for high-level applied talents.
Labor Security with the Development of E­commerce and Micro Business Based on Information Technology in China
Authors:   School of Administrative Law, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing, China, HUANG Xiaojie , YI Bo ,   Law School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, Bokiy Nastassiya ,   Law School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Published: September 2022

With the rapid development of information technology, the way of business operation has changed. The progress of information technology has exerted a profound influence on the development of labor market. Along with the enhancement of China's comprehensive power and advanced technology, a new form of business is gradually emerging in modern society, that is, e­commerce. However, new industry development still needs to undergo a process. At present, there is still a lack of social labor security. This paper discusses the current situation and the existing problems of the development of e­commerce and social labor security. Moreover, it proposes the development strategy of labor security in the e­commerce suppliers and the micro business model based on the current issues. Through transparent functions of the government, business, and related departments, the government plays a dominant role in this process. Government functions, e­commerce suppliers, and other aspects of enterprise technology are essential to strengthen the social security system further. This would allow e­commerce supplier and micro business to enjoy social security. Moreover, the healthy development of the e­commerce supplier is supported.
SPREČAVANJE PRANJA NOVCA NA TRŽIŠTU NEKRETNINA
Authors: Šurković Ajla
Published: September 2022

Sprečavanje pranja novca je kompleksna sistem mjera i aktivnosti u koju su uključeni nadležni državni organi i tijela te privatni sektor. Iako u teorije postoje dva pristupa kada je u pitanju sprečavanje pranja novca, u ovom radu predmet interesovanja bit će pristup baziran na procjeni rizika od pranja novca. Cilj rada je utvrditi izloženost tržišta nekretnina na određenim područjima riziku od aktivnostima pranja novca. Kada su u pitanju metode prikupljanja podataka bit će korištena analiza sadržaja koja omogućava sticanje novih saznanja o predmetu istraživanja. Od općih naučnih metoda bit će korištene: metoda indukcije, dedukcije, analize, sinteze, komparacije i dokazivanja. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na važnost izrade procjena rizika kako bi se utvrdila efikasnost državni tijela i privatnog sektora u provođenju mjera koji doprinose sprečavanju pranja novca na tržištu nekretnina. Zaključci proizašli na temelju ovog rada ukazuju na potrebu organizovanja obuka za posrednike u prometu nekretninama, notare i advokate kroz prezentaciju konkretnih slučajeva zloupotrebe tržišta nekretnina kako bi stekli nova saznanja o rizicima od pranja novca te uticalo na podizanje svijesti o njihovoj važnosti u sistemu sprečavanja i otkrivanja pranja novca na tržištu nekretnina.
INOVACIJA KAO NOVI POSLOVNI MODEL TURISTIČKOG PREDUZEĆA
Authors: Kamerić Adnan
Published: September 2022

Većina putovanja smatra se turističkim kretanjem, tako bi se i svaka ideja mogla smatrati inovativnom neovisno o njenom ishodu. Ukoliko je neuspješna možda bi se mogla primijeniti na drugom polju poslovanja. Takva razmišljanja vladaju svijetom inovativnih ideja pa su zato mnoga turistička preduzeća uspješnija od drugih. Nijedna ideja nije neučinkovita, ona predstavlja razmišljanje pojedinca ili skupine i njihovu želju da efikasno doprinesu preduzeću za koje rade. A značaj inovacija, kao ideje ili kao procesa je sve veći u turističkoj djelatnosti. Zbog toga je svrha ovog rada detaljno prikazati upravo značaj inovacija za turistički sektor i menadžemant u turizmu generalno. Takođe značaj marketinga u turizmu dobija sve više na značaju pa ćemo i iz tog razloga ukazati na ulogu i značaj inovacija kao novog poslovnog modela turističkog preduzeća
ULOGA OPERATIVNOG MENADŽMENTA U RADU KOMPANIJE KROZ PRIMJENU IZBALANSIRANE KARTE MJERILA
Authors: Kamerić Adnan
Published: September 2022

Izbalansirana karta mjerila (BSC) se najjednostavnije može objasniti kao koncizan ali integralan prikaza određenog broja ključnih karakteristika (pokazatelja), koji sa jedne strane omogućavaju efektivan način prevođenja vizije i strategije u mjerljive ciljeve i pokazatelje njihovog ostvarivanja, a sa druge strane jednostavno upoznavanje svih zainteresovanih strana, a prije svega zaposlenih, sa vizijom kompanije i njihovom ulogom u ostvarivanju ciljeva kompanije i koristima koje iz toga proizilaze. Takođe, važno je shvatiti BSC ne samo kao prikaz fiksno postavljenih ciljeva ili rigidno zacrtnih tačaka u budućnosti, već da primjena ovog koncepta treba da služi kao ilustracija vizije i misije, te kompletnog procesa planiranja u njihovom ostvarivanju. Kao što i samo planiranje treba biti fleksibino da bi se zacrtani planovi mogli prilagoditi dinamičnim i promjenjivim uslovima poslovanja, tako i BCS treba da ukaže na posljedice različitih pravaca akcije pojedinih dijelova organizacije i njihovu međusobnu uslovljenost. Upravo i cilj ovog rada jeste da ukažemo na sve prednosti i karakteristike ovog koncepta koji se odnosi na operativni menadžment i njegovo funkcionisanje u radu kompanije.
TRŽIŠNI IZAZOVI ZA DIGITALNU EKONOMIJU I PONAŠANJE POTROŠAČA U DIGITALNOJ EKONOMIJI
Authors: Duraković Besim
Published: September 2022

Brze promjene koje donosi razvoj novih tehnologija u okviru digitalne ekonomije kreiraju svakodnevno nove izazove sa kojima se susreću kompanije na globalnom tržištu, ali i dovode do promjena u ponašanjima potrošača kojima se kompanije moraju prilagoditi. Novi poslovni koncepti, promjena regulative, novi načini konkurencije, te novi oblici globalnih prijetnji pojavljuju se gotovo svakodnevno. Brz i dinamičan razvoj svih digitalnih tehnologija, doveo je do njihovih upotreba u svakom aspektu poslovanja i fukcionisanja kompanija, ali i u svakodnevnom životu ljudi kao potrošača. Potrošači su sve bolje informisani, a njihova očekivanja su sve veća, a takođe i specifična u uslovima pandemije Covid 19. Online kupovina sve više prestiže tradicionalnu, a potrošači međusobno razmjenjuju iskustva i mišljenja na različite teme, pa tako i iskustva o korištenju proizvoda i usluga. Cilj ovog rada je da predstavi ključne izazove za digitalnu ekonomiju, uz poseban akcenat na promjene potrošača kojima kompanije moraju da se prilagode da bi opstale na tržištu.
Biochemical indices, gene expression, and SNPs associated with salinity adaptation in juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) as determined by comparative transcriptome analysis
Authors: Li Peilun , Liu Wei , Lu Wanqiao , Wang Jilong
Published: September 2022

Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) migrate from freshwater to saltwater, and incur developmental, physiological and molecular adaptations as the salinity changes. The molecular regulation for salinity adaptation in chum salmon is currently not well defined. In this study, 1-g salmon were cultured under 0 (control group, D0), 8‰ (D8), 16‰ (D16), and 24‰ (D24) salinity conditions for 42 days. Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activities in the gill first increased and then decreased in response to higher salinity environments where D8 exhibited the highest Na+/K+ATPase and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity and D24 exhibited the lowest. Alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity was elevated in all salinity treatment groups relative to controls, while no significant difference in acid phosphatase (ACP) activity was observed across treatment groups. De novo transcriptome sequencing in the D0 and D24 groups using RNA-Seq analysis identified 187,836 unigenes, of which 2,143 were differentially expressed in response to environmental salinity (71 up-regulated and 2,072 down-regulated). A total of 56,020 putative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were also identified. The growth, development, osmoregulation and maturation factors of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (nmdas) expressed in memory formation, as well as insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-1) and igf-binding proteins (igfbps) were further investigated using targeted qRT-PCR. The lowest expression of all these genes occurred in the low salinity environments (D8 or D16), while their highest expression occurred in the high salinity environments (D24). These results provide preliminary insight into salinity adaptation in chum salmon and a foundation for the development of marker-assisted breeding for this species.
Statistical Characteristics of compressive strength of Normal & High strength concrete and concrete made with recycled aggregate
Authors:   National Council For Cement and Building Materials India, OJHA P. N. , Singh P. ,   National Council For Cement and Building Materials India, Singh B. , Singh A. , Sagar A. , Yadav R.
Published: September 2022

The paper presents the statistical analysis on the compressive strength of concrete with strength ranging from 30 MPa to 130 MPa. To obtain these concrete strengths, concrete mixes with virgin aggregates were prepared with four different wate r to cementitious content (w/c) ratios i.e., 0.45, 0.36, 0.24, and 0.18. With w/c ratio of 0.45, a mix is also designed using recycled construction and demolition coarse aggregate to compare statistical characteristics with respect to concrete made using virgin aggregates. The presented statistical analysis includes measure of central tendency, dispersion of the data, distribution shape properties, and precision of the mean. A normal and a log-normal distribution has been established and validated for the experimental data set of all the mixes. A correlation has also been established for the compressive strength of 100mm cube and 150mm cube. Analysis shows an increase in dispersion of data with increase in the mean compressive strength of the mix. The mix with Construction and demolition waste aggregate shows a higher standard deviation than the mix with virgin aggregates at the same w/c ratio. The correlation curve for the compressive strength of 100 mm and 150 mm size cubes, shows a conversion factor of 1.04, suggesting an insignificant difference of the compressive strength values of 100 mm and 150 mm cubes for the mix studied.
Thinking Beyond Adenocarcinoma of Prostate: A Case Series of T2W Hyperintense Prostatic Lesions
Authors: . Swarna , Sharma Rohit , Jain Shalabh , Sharma Anuradha , Kanaujia Reeta
Published: September 2022

The T2-weighted sequences form an integral part of multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) protocol performed for evaluation of the prostate. Most commonly encountered prostatic pathologies are adenocarcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia, which are mostly T2W hypointense and heterogeneously hypointense, respectively. Apart from prostatic cysts, only a small proportion of prostatic lesions demonstrate predominantly high signal intensity on T2-weighted sequences. Herein, the authors present three such cases with T2W hyperintense prostatic lesions. The first case (60-year-old male) was a prostatic abscess, which apart from T2W hyperintensity, showed central restricted diffusion and peripheral enhancement. The second case (40-year-old male) was a cystic lesion in left side of prostate, which was an ectopic ureterocele opening into the prostatic urethra with associated left renal agenesis. The third case (35-year-old male) was of a metastatic prostatic malignancy, which was a rare prostatic sarcoma. Radiologists should be cognizant of such conditions so as to enable them to make accurate diagnosis and guide appropriate patient management.
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Marigold in Amritsar District of Punjab, India: An Economic Analysis
Authors: Singh Jasmanpreet , Singh Gurdev
Published: September 2022

The present study entitled “Production and marketing of marigold in Amritsar District of Punjab: An economic analysis” was carried out in Amritsar district of Punjab. The study was conducted to analyze the returns of marigold growers. For this study, total sample of 25 different sized category farmers from 6 blocks were selected in the year 2020-21. The data was analyzed using multi-variate Regression model. The study brought out that majority of the marigold growers were middle aged (41-50 years) and educated. The result of the study indicates that the overall total variable cost incurred on growing marigold was Rs. 49,519.03 per acre and was the maximum under medium farms and minimum under small farms. The maximum expenses incurred were on human labour. The data revealed that irrespective to the farms size, the net income earned by farmers was Rs. 48,934.30 per acre and were highest on small marigold growers. The overall returns of small farmers were higher as compared to medium and larger farmers. It was observed in the study that at overall the major cost was the transportation charges followed by packing charges. The regression coefficients for the factors like farm size, planting material, age and variety sown were found to be having positive and significant effect on the returns of the marigold growers.
Data Analysis and Modelingof Claim Amounts of Car Insurance using Big Data: A Study for Pakistan
Authors: Burney S. M. Aqil , Khan Laiq Muhammad , Burney Shumaila , Humayoun Muhammad
Published: September 2022

Modelling of data of claim amount is of paramount importance to manage risk reserve for payment of claims. Actuaries model uncertainty using probability distributions.

In this research paper claim amount distribution of the data of an insurance concern has been estimated and analysis was performed on big-data of claim amounts for better understanding and fitting of various probability distribution using R.

It was noticed that the claim amounts distribution is highly positive skewed, therefore we have studied Exponential distribution, Gamma distribution and Weibull distribution as possible candidates for modelling the claim amount data. Chi Square test has been used as goodness of fit technique to decide suitable statistical model to representing the claim amounts under study.

Exponential distribution is found suitable for modelling the data under study.

Proposed model is usefulto estimate claim amount on aggregate for insurance concern when total loss is required to be computed to manage the risk reserve for the payments of claims.
Performance of Planters under Different Tillage Practices on Growth, Yield, Energy Use Efficiency, and Economics of Rabi Maize
Authors: Vijaya P. , Sreelatha D. , Padmaja B. , Rajaiah P.
Published: September 2022

Aim: To evaluate the performance of planters under different tillage practices on growth, yield, energy use efficiency, and economics of rabi maize.

Study Design: Split-plot.

Place and Duration of Study: Maize Research Centre, ARI, Rajendranagar between November 2021 and April 2022.

Methodology: A field experiment was conducted at Maize Research Centre, ARI, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Ranga Reddy (District) during rabi 2021-22 to evaluate the performance of planters under different tillage practices on growth, yield, energy use efficiency, and economics of rabi maize in sandy clay loam soils. The experiment was assigned in fifteen treatments, laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. Treatments included were three tillage practices,(i)M1=Conventional tillage, (ii)M2=Reduced tillage, and(iii)M3 = Zero-tillage in main plots and evaluated 5 planters viz., (i)S1=Multi-crop vacuum planter,(ii)S2 = Mechanical planter,(iii)S3 =Seed-cum- fertilizer drill,(iv)S4 - Bullock drawn plow and(v)S5 - Manual sowing were randomly placed in subplots of the main plot.

Results: Interaction between planters and tillage practices realized significantly higher grain yield (10283 kg ha-1) when the rabi maize was sown with a Multi-crop vacuum planter under conventional tillage practice compared to bullock drawn plow. However, it was comparable with Mechanical planter and manual sowing under conventional tillage as well as under reduced tillage practices. Irrespective of the planters significantly lower grain yield was obtained under zero-tillage practice. Overall, the cost of cultivation was high with conventional sowing practices (bullock-drawn plow/manual sowing compared to mechanical sowing with improved planters. Higher net returns were observed with multi-crop vacuum planters under conventional tillage practice (Rs.1,43,179 ha-1).

Conclusion: In case of labor shortage, sowing with a multi-crop vacuum planter or Mechanical planter instead of sowing with conventional practices like a bullock-drawn plow and manual sowing can save time, and labor, reduce drudgery as well production costs. Thus, we can effectively carry out important field operations viz., sowing, weeding, and harvesting in time without much delay through mechanization in maize.
Comparative Efficacy and Economics of Chemicals Insecticides and Bioagents against Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella) on Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L.)
Authors: Khan Shaik Ahmed Razack , Tayde Anoorag R.
Published: September 2022

Field trial was conducted during rabi season 2021-2022 at Central Research Farm (CRF), SHUATS. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Block Design with eight treatments each replicated thrice using a variety Green Soccer (546). The treatments are were Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC -T1, Indoxacarb 14.5%SC-T2, Emamectin benzoate 5% SG-T3, Spinosad 45% SC-T4, Beaveria bassaina (1x108CFU/ml)-T5, Metarhizium anisopilae (1x108 CFU/ml)-T6, Bacillus thuringiensis (1x108CFU/ml)-T7 and untreated control -T8. Mean reduction in the larval population per plant revealed that all the treatments were significantly superior over the control (6.51). Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC recorded lowest mean larval population of P xylostella (1.52), followed by Spinosad 45% SC (1.75),Indoxacarb 14.SC (2.00), Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG (2.28), B thuringiensis (2.68), B bassiana (2.87), M anisopilae (3.02). Highest yield (280 q/ha) as well as B:C ratio (1:6.37) was obtained from the treatment Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC followed by Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (1:6.33), Emamectin Benzoate 5%SG (1:6.25), B thuringiensis (1:5.97), Spinosad 45% SC (1:5.75), B bassiana (1:5.72), M anisopilae (1:5.50) as compared to control (1:3.34).
Why are wage shares worsening in a competitive economy? A brief review of pays equality and industrial politics
Authors: Praptiningsih Maria
Published: September 2022

Wage shares have fallen substantially almost all over the world over the past 30 years. This study aims to provide a discussion of the critical elements of wage shares and to undertake a critical review of the empirical papers regarding the issue of the income distribution for labour. This paper investigates the wage share and determinants of 34 countries in 2011. There are two main objectives of this research. Firstly, the paper attempted to analyse the effectiveness of the incentives system, which is more likely to be rigid in the competitive work environment. Secondly, the research has emphasised how workers' behaviour can lead to different incentives payment through a kind of predatory behaviour or later on, we can call it an uncooperative behaviour. These objectives derived from the previous paper result in the adverse selection of worker turnover (Lazear, 1986). The findings confirm that the effect of globalisation through current account balance and the structural policy with tax wedge rate is statistically significant in wage share for those with low wage share (at the 10th per cent quantile) only. However, there is limited evidence that inflation, unemployment, education policy, and unionisation strongly affect the distribution of wages
Prospective Associations of Daily Step Counts and Intensity With Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Incidence and Mortality and All-Cause Mortality
Authors: del Pozo Cruz Borja , Ahmadi Matthew N. , Lee I-Min , Stamatakis Emmanuel
Published: September 2022

Importance

Recommendations for the number of steps per day may be easier to enact for some people than the current time- and intensity-based physical activity guidelines, but the evidence to support steps-based goals is limited.

Objective

To describe the associations of step count and intensity with all-cause mortality and cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This population-based prospective cohort study used data from the UK Biobank for 2013 to 2015 (median follow-up, 7 years) and included adults 40 to 79 years old in England, Scotland, and Wales. Participants were invited by email to partake in an accelerometer study. Registry-based morbidity and mortality were ascertained through October 2021. Data analyses were performed during March 2022.

Exposures

Baseline wrist accelerometer-measured daily step count and established cadence-based step intensity measures (steps/min): incidental steps, (<40 steps/min), purposeful steps (≥40 steps/min); and peak-30 cadence (average steps/min for the 30 highest, but not necessarily consecutive, min/d).

Main Outcomes and Measures

All-cause mortality and primary and secondary CVD or cancer mortality and incidence diagnosis. For cancer, analyses were restricted to a composite cancer outcome of 13 sites that have a known association with reduced physical activity. Cox restricted cubic spline regression models were used to assess the dose-response associations. The linear mean rate of change (MRC) in the log-relative hazard ratio for each outcome per 2000 daily step increments were also estimated.

Results

The study population of 78 500 individuals (mean [SD] age, 61 [8] years; 43 418 [55%] females; 75 874 [97%] White individuals) was followed for a median of 7 years during which 1325 participants died of cancer and 664 of CVD (total deaths 2179). There were 10 245 incident CVD events and 2813 cancer incident events during the observation period. More daily steps were associated with a lower risk of all-cause (MRC, −0.08; 95% CI, −0.11 to −0.06), CVD (MRC, −0.10; 95% CI, −0.15 to −0.06), and cancer mortality (MRC, 95% CI, −0.11; −0.15 to −0.06) for up to approximately 10 000 steps. Similarly, accruing more daily steps was associated with lower incident disease. Peak-30 cadence was consistently associated with lower risks across all outcomes, beyond the benefit of total daily steps.

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this population-based prospective cohort study of 78 500 individuals suggest that up to 10 000 steps per day may be associated with a lower risk of mortality and cancer and CVD incidence. Steps performed at a higher cadence may be associated with additional risk reduction, particularly for incident disease.
Association of Sleep Deprivation and the Risk of Developing Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Among Women
Authors: Choi May Y. , Malspeis Susan , Sparks Jeffrey A. , Cui Jing , Yoshida Kazuki , Costenbader Karen H.
Published: September 2022

Objective

Sleep deprivation has been associated with risk of autoimmune diseases. Using the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) (1986–2016) and NHSII (1989–2017) cohorts, we aimed in the present study to investigate whether sleep deprivation was associated with risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods

Average sleep duration in a 24‐hour period was reported in the NHS (1986–2014) and NHSII (1989–2009). Lifestyle, exposure, and medical information was collected on biennial questionnaires. Adjusted Cox regression analyses modeled associations between cumulative average sleep duration (categorical variables) and incident SLE. Interactions between sleep duration and shiftwork, bodily pain (using the Short Form 36 [SF‐36] questionnaire), and depression were examined.

Results

We included 186,072 women with 187 incident SLE cases during 4,246,094 person‐years of follow‐up. Chronic low sleep duration (≤5 hours/night versus reference >7–8 hours) was associated with increased SLE risk (adjusted hazard ratio [HRadj] 2.47 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.29, 4.75]), which persisted after the analysis was lagged (4 years; HRadj 3.14 [95% CI 1.57, 6.29]) and adjusted for shiftwork, bodily pain, and depression (HRadj 2.13 [95% CI 1.11, 4.10]). We detected additive interactions between low sleep duration and high bodily pain (SF‐36 score <75) with an attributable proportion (AP) of 64% (95% CI 40%, 87%) and an HR for SLE of 2.97 (95% CI 1.86, 4.75) for those with both risk factors compared to those with neither. Similarly, there was an interaction between low sleep duration and depression, with an AP of 68% (95% CI 49%, 88%) and an HR for SLE of 2.82 (95% CI 1.64, 4.85).

Conclusion

Chronic low sleep duration was associated with higher SLE risk, with stronger effects among those with bodily pain and depression, highlighting the potential role of adequate sleep in disease prevention.
Overlaying Monolayer Metal–Organic Framework on PtSe2‐Based Gas Sensor for Tuning Selectivity
Authors: Cho Seong Rae , Kim Dong‐Ha , Jeon Mingyu , Rani Pragya , Gyeon Minseung , Kim Yongman , Jo Min‐kyung , Song Seungwoo , Park Jeong Young , Kim Jihan , Kim Il‐Doo , Kang Kibum
Published: September 2022

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted significant interest as gas‐sensing materials due to their unique crystal structure and surface. However, there are still issues when it comes to expanding the types of sensing gases for the TMD gas sensors. To extend gas‐sensing selectivity for the TMD gas sensors in this study, a monolayer (ML) 2D metal–organic framework (MOF) is introduced on top of the PtSe2 gas sensor, thereby tuning the major sensing analyte of PtSe2 from NO2 to H2S. Density functional theory calculations elucidate that the metal species of ML MOFs are attributed to the tuned selectivity of the analytes, based on the difference in binding energies. It is also demonstrated that ML MOF maintained the high responsivity of the pristine PtSe2 even at a low concentration of gas (200 ppb). This is further confirmed through the molecular dynamics simulations, which reveal that the ML feature of the ML MOF is highly essential to preserve the intrinsic ultra‐low limit detection properties of pristine PtSe2.