bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upaya Pencegahan dan Penanganan Stunting melalui Program Kebun Gizi di Desa Kunheun, Kupang Barat
Authors: Ke Lomi Aplonia Nelci
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK Fenomena Stunting menjadi isu yang hangat dan serius yang sedang terjadi saat ini. Stunting merupakan suatu kondisi dimana anak kekurangan gizi dan menyebabkan terhambatnya pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak tersebut. Kesadaran keluarga akan pentingnya ketersediaan kebutuhan pangan keluarga menjadi kunci pemenuhan gizi anak dan balita sekaligus langkah pencegahan dan penanganan stunting di masyarakat. Dengan adanya kesadaran akan pentingnya gizi bagi anak dan balita, kelompok Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) UNWIRA berinovasi membuat kebun gizi di wilayah desa Kuanheum, Kecamatan Kupang Barat, Kabupaten Kupang. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan agar hasil kebun ini dapat memenuhi kebutuhan gizi anak dan keluarga di desa Kuanheum, terkhususnya anak-anak yang terdiagnosis menderita stunting. Kebun gizi yang digarap memakan waktu sekitar satu bulan mulai dari penggarapan lahan hingga penanaman dan pemeliharaan tanaman. Bibit-bibit yang ditanam berupa bibit sawi, bayam, kangkung, tomat, kacang panjang, buncis, terong, wortel, labu kuning, oyong, dan semangka dan terpantau telah tumbuh subur. Selanjutnya proses pemeliharaan kebun akan diserahkan sepenuhnya ke masyarakat dengan harapan masyarkat desa Kuanheum dapat menikmati hasil yang diperoleh dari kebun gizi yang digarap oleh mahasiswa-mahasiswi UNWIRA. Kata Kunci: Stunting, Kebun Gizi, Kuanheum, Kupang Barat  ABSTRACT Presently, the occurrence of stunting is a severe and critical concern. Stunting is a condition caused by malnutrition in children that inhibits their growth and development. The key to ensuring the nutrition of children and toddlers and implementing measures to prevent and treat stunting in the community is a family's understanding of the significance of food availability. The UNWIRA Real Work Lecture (KKN) group created a nutrition garden in the Kuanheum village area, West Kupang District, Kupang Regency, to recognize the significance of proper nutrition for infants and young children. This activity is carried out so that the results of this garden can meet the nutritional needs of children and families in the village of Kuanheum, particularly children with a diagnosis of stunting. From tilling through planting and keeping crops, a tilled nutrition garden requires roughly a month. Mustard seeds, spinach, kale, tomatoes, long beans, chickpeas, eggplants, carrots, yellow squash, Chinese okra, and watermelon were grown after planting. In addition, maintaining the garden will be transferred to the community in the hopes that the residents of Kuanheum village can benefit from the nutrition garden created by UNWIRA students. Keywords: Stunting, Nutrition Garden, Kuanheum, Kupang
Pelatihan Pertolongan Pertama Balut Bidai pada Siswa PMR di SMKN 2 Limboto
Authors: Yunus Pipin , Damansyah Haslinda , Umar Arifin , Monoarfa Susanti
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK Pertolongan pertama adalah upaya pertolongan dan perawatan sementara terhadap korban kecelakaan sebelum mendapat pertolongan yang lebih sempurna dari dokter atau para medik. Pemberian pertolongan harus secara cepat dan tepat dengan menggunakan sarana dan prasarana yang ada di tempat kejadian. Balut bidai adalah tindakan memfiksasi /mengimobilisasi bagian tubuh yang mengalami cidera dengan menggunakan benda yang bersifat kaku maupun fleksibel sebagai fiksator/imobilisator. Penelitian dilakukan untuk lebih meningkatkan wawasan siswa PMR dalam pertolongan pertama balut bidai. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode pre-test dan post-tes untuk menilai pengetahuan siswa PMR sebelum diberikan pelatihan dan sesudah diberikan pelatihan. Jumblah responden dalam pelatihan ini yaitu sebanyak 13 siswa. Analisis hasil yang digunakan uji paired t-test, pada penilaian pre-test didapatkan nilai mean 1,69 dengan nilai pada standar deviasi 480 dan nilai post-test didapatkan nilai mean 185 dengan nilai standar deviasi 376 sehingga nilai P-Value didapatkan 000 dengan ɑ <0,05, Ini menunjukan adanya perubahan yang signifikan terkait pengetahuan siswa sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan itu mengalami peningkatan dengan kisaran 0,16. Kata Kunci: Pelatihan Balut Bidai, Balut Bidai  ABSTRACT First aid is an effort to help and temporarily treat accident victims before getting more help from doctors or medics. Assistance must be provided quickly and accurately by using the facilities and infrastructure available at the scene. A splint is an act of fixing or immobilizing the injured body part by using a rigid or flexible object as a fixator or immobilizer. The study was conducted to further increase the insight of PMR students in first aid with splints. The method used in this research is to use the pre-test and post-test methods to assess the knowledge of PMR students before being given training and after being given training. The number of respondents in this training is 13 students. Analysis of the results used paired t-test, in the pre-test assessment obtained a mean value of 1.69 with a standard deviation of 480 and the post-test value obtained a mean value of 185 with a standard deviation of 376 so that the P-Value value was obtained 000 with <0 0.05, this indicates a significant change in the knowledge of students before and after the training has increased in the range of 0.16. Keywords: Splint Dressing Training, Splint Dressing
U.S. INDO–PACIFIC STRATEGY: THE UTILIZATION OF THE U.S.– AUSTRALIA MILITARY ALLIANCE AS PART OF THE U.S. BALANCE OF POWER STRATEGY TO RESPOND TO CHINA INFLUENCE IN INDO–PACIFIC REGION
Authors: Montolalu Reynaldo Rudy Kristian
Published: January 2023

One of the U.S. intentions in Indo–Pacific is to counter a new rising giant of China. The U.S. government has recognized China as a competitive actor. An effort to promote U.S. security interests in the Indo–Pacific region serves as an option to safeguard their national interest. The U.S. alliance network is considered one of the most lasting and successful parts of U.S. Foreign Policy since World War II. The member of its alliance has adapted to several changes in international events, including in the post-Cold War era, the rivalry tended to be centered between two major powers. Australia is not the exception. Several bilateral and multilateral approaches to implementing its Mutual Defense Treaty have been integrated and enhanced. This study aims to elaborate on the U.S.–Australia Military Alliance as part of the U.S. Balance of Power Strategy to respond to China's Influence in Indo-Pacific Region. The study will use an explanatory research method by explaining rather than describing the studied phenomena that depart from the qualitative approach. In the end, the study concludes that the U.S. is actively involved with Australia as its military alliance through ANZUS, the Quad, and AUKUS; those all considered the effort encountered by the U.S. to respond to China's Influence in the Indo–Pacific Region
Investigation Techniques, Methods, Types, and Increasing Impact of Forensic Accounting in Digital Period
Authors: MERT İbrahim
Published: January 2023

Forensic accountants are responsible for fighting financial malpractices and fraud in organizations and businesses. They are also responsible for ensuring that courts have sufficient and relevant information that can be used as evidence of criminal activity regarding finances (Akinbowale, et al., 2020, p. 1256). Financial accounting applications are made successful through engagement in duties such as financial data analysis, preparation of reports, and testing the results before courts. Investigation involves examination of record books to determine if a financial criminal activity has occurred. Through these investigations, forensic accountants find and discover fraud and malpractices thus bringing the culprits to books. The reports filed act as evidence in courts.
OPERASI KATARAK KERJASAMA YARSI SAVE VISION LPM UNIVERSITAS YARSI DENGAN PERDAMI BEKASI DAN RUMAH SAKIT HERMINA GRAND WISATA BEKASI
Authors: Agus Haryono Tri , Nassa Mokoginta Saskia , Indriawati Atiek , Marsiati Himmi
Published: January 2023

Katarak menjadi salah satu penyebab tingginya angka kebutaan di Indonesia. Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan RI menyebut tingkat prevalensi katarak yakni 0,1% per tahun. Artinya setiaptahun ada satu pasien katarak baru di antara 1.000 orang. Padahal katarak dapat disembuhkan melaluioperasi dengan biaya yang tidak terlalu mahal dan sudah dijamin oleh BPJS. Terpenting yang dilakukansaat ini adalah kesadaran dan kemauan dari masyarakat akan pentingnya kesehatan mata sehingga maumemeriksakan kesehatan matanya ke fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang terdekat. Katarak merupakanproses degeneratif yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor usia, oleh karena itu kasus ini akan terusmeningkat sejalan dengan meningkatnya life expectancy orang Indonesia sehingga jumlah lanjut usiabertambah. Walaupun katarak juga dapat diderita oleh bayi dan anak, yang disebabkan oleh proses dalamkandungan seperti infeksi dan malnutrisi selama usia anak-anak, namun kasus ini sangat jarang dijumpai.Tujuan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini dapat menurunkan angka kebutaan karena penyakit katarak,melalui bakti sosial operasi katarak dan membantu upaya pemerintah untuk mencapai visi 2020, yaituhak semua anak bangsa untuk memiliki indera penglihatan yang dapat digunakan secara optimal. BaktiSosial “Operasi Katarak” telah dilaksanakan terhadap 45 orang pasien di rumah sakit Hermina grand wisata dengan rentang usia pasien adalah antara 35 s/d 83 tahun, 3 (tiga) teknik operasi katarak yangdilakukan yaitu teknik ICCE ( Intracapsular Cataract Extractio), SICS (Small Incision CataractSurgery)/ECCE ( ExtraCapsular Cataract Extraction) dan Fakoemulsifikasi.
PEMBERANTASAN BUTA HURUF LATIN DAN BACA TULIS ALQUR’AN BAGI IBU-IBU RUMAH TANGGA DAN REMAJA DESA TANJUNG PASIR, KECAMATAN TELUK NAGA, KABUPATEN TANGERANG-BANTEN
Authors: Komala Lenda , Nursanti Ade , Suhaeri Suhaeri
Published: January 2023

Kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat desa Tanjung Pasir sangat minim, pengetahuan umum untukmemberdayakan sumber daya alam masih kurang. Sekitar 70 % masyarakat desa tidak mengenyampendidikan dan buta huruf, sehingga kesempatan gratis yang ditawarkan dari pihak luar program CSRkurang dimanfaatkan. Selain itu kesadaran masyarakat untuk menghargai uang dan waktu sangat minim, sering kepesta dan konsumtif, pinjam uang ke rentenir dengan bunga 5 % sebulan. Kegiatanibadah tidak maksimal, karena pemahaman terhadap Alquran sangat kurang. Mereka lebih banyakmenghapal bacaan Alqur'an, tidak mengenal huruf Alquran . Kegiatan pengabdian ini mengunakanmetode pendekatan dan partisipasi mitra dengan membentuk Kelompok Belajar baca tulis huruf latindengan metode Abjad, dan mengenal huruf Alquran secara benar dengan metode Al Bayan. Hasilkegiatan pengabdian ini dari 80 % jumlah peserta yang ditargetkan keberhasilannya untuk membacahuruf latin dan Baca Alquran, ternyata hanya terealisir 76 % untuk membaca dan tulis huruf latin ,serta 65 % untuk membaca Alquran. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menambahan keyakinan merekadan ekonomi keluarga meningkat dengan kesiapan mereka mengikuti pelatihan program CSR, tanpaharus meminjam kerentenir.
Edukasi TBC pada Masyarakat dan Kelompok Lansia Di Masa Covid-19 di Kelurahan Sumur Batu, Jakarta
Authors: Andri Damayanti Ndaru , Kurnia Erza Elfitri , Johan Risdawati
Published: January 2023

Health education activities for the transmission and prevention of TB and Covid-19 to the elderly group of Sumur Batu Village have been completed online on Saturday morning, August 8, 2020 for 3 hours. TB education activities during the Covid-19 pandemic motivated the elderly and the community to continue treating TB. Respondents who joined were not only the elderly and the general public living around the RPTRA Mutiara, Sumur Batu Village, but also joined several colleagues from YARSI, with a total of 52 participants. The results of the pre and post-test through the questionnaire showed an increase rate for all extension participants by 84%. Evaluation of satisfaction with extension activities was appreciated with satisfactory and very satisfying criteria.
KEJADIAN KATARAK PADA BAKSOS LPM UNIVERSITAS YARSI DAN PERDAMI DKI JAYA DI RUMAH SAKIT DEPOK
Authors: Nassa Mokoginta Saskia , Indriawati Atiek , Agus Haryono Tri , Marsiati Himmi
Published: January 2023

Results of the 2014-2016 Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) Blindness Survey by the Association of Indonesian Ophthalmologists (PERDAMI) and the Ministry of Health Research and Development Agency in fifteen provinces (West Sumatra, North Sumatra, South Sumatra, DKI Jakarta, West Java, Java Central, East Java, South Kalimantan, Bali, NTB, NTT, North Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Maluku and West Papua), it is known that the blindness rate reaches 3% and cataracts are the highest cause of blindness (81%). The survey was conducted with the target population aged 50 years and over.

 

Life expectancy (UHH) in Indonesia continues to increase significantly. The average UHH increased from the age of 63 in 1990 to 69 in 2017, meaning that an increase in life expectancy will have an impact on increasing degenerative diseases.

 

Cataract is a degenerative process that is strongly influenced by age, therefore this case will continue to increase in line with the increasing number of elderly people. Although cataracts can also occur in infants and children, which are caused by intrauterine processes such as infection and malnutrition during childhood, these cases are very rare.

 

YARSI SAVE VISION, YARSI University Sevice Community has played a role in reducing the blindness rate by carrying out cataract surgery services. On March 24, 2018, cataract surgery was carried out on 50 patients at the Depok General Hospital, held in collaboration with PERDAMI JAYA and the Depok Regional General Hospital, with Operation Technique, ICCE (Intracapsular Cataract Extractio), SICS (Small Incision Cataract Surgery)/ ECCE (Extra Capsular Cataract Extraction) and Phacoemulsification
PENYULUHAN HUKUM MENGENAI URGENSI INTEGRITAS AKADEMIK BAGI SISWA DI MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI 3 JAKARTA PUSAT
Authors: Ryan Bakry Mohammad , Purwaningsih Endang , Yusuf Chandra
Published: January 2023

Integritas Akademik dewasa ini menjadi satu diantara identitas penting pembangunan intelektual yang tidak hanya bertujuan mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa, namun membangun cita moralitas bangsa yang luhur. Kejujuran, kredibilitas, kewajaran, kehormatan dan tanggung jawab adalah merupakan karakteristik prinsip dari Integritas Akademik yang secara universal telah diterima sebagai bagian penting penyelenggaraan pendidikan khususnya tingkat menengah. Integritas Akademik secara teoritis adalah sejalan dengan dimensi intelektual dan dimensi moralitas. Selanjutnya secara praktik menjadi panduan kepada siswa dalam hal penyusunan dan penerbitan karya ilmiah untuk mencapai standar kualitas tinggi. Mengingat arti penting Integritas Akademik, maka subyek yang relevan untuk dilakukan upaya penyuluhan hukum adalah siswa pendidikan menengah, sebagai satu diantara stakeholder pemangku kepentingan dalam dunia pendidikan. Pemilihan locus penyuluhan hukum dilakukan di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Jakarta Pusat,dengan pertimbangan sebagai satu diantara bentuk pendidikan menengah dan sejalan dengan prinsip kemanfaatan bahwa akses mudah dari Universitas YARSI. Kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan dikerjakan dengan model ceramah dan pelatihan pemberian pre-test dan post test yang diselenggarakan bekerjasama dengan aparatur Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Jakarta Jakarta Pusat. Rata-rata terhadap 50 (lima puluh) responden dengan menggunakan 10 (sepuluh) indikator dengan hasil pre-test adalah 2,97 (dua koma sembilan tujuh) dan post-test adalah 3,59 (tiga koma lima sembilan). Secara umum berdasarkan hasil pre-test dan post test  diketahui terdapat peningkatan pemahaman esensi dari prinsip integritas akademik, bentuk-bentuk tindakan yang sejalan dan tidak sejalan dengan integritas akademik serta bagaimana implementasinya pada penyelenggaraan pendidikan di MAN 3
Edukasi dan Pendampingan Kelainan Refraksi kepada Guru-Guru dan Orang Tua Siswa Sekolah Dasar Negri 03 Harapan Mulia, Kemayoran Jakarta Pusat.
Authors: Marsiati Himmi , Nassa Mokoginta Saskia , Wuryanti Sri
Published: January 2023

Refractive disorders are conditions in which the light received by the eye is not focused on the retina, resulting in a blurry image on the retina. Examples of refractive errors are myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism which can be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery.

 

Educational Results and Assistance for Refraction Disorders for Teachers and Parents of Public Elementary School Students 03 Pagi Harapan Mulia, Kemayoran District, Central Jakarta on August 24, 2020 which was carried out online through Video, WA and Google Form attended by 106 participants, providing results of increasing participant knowledge up to with 79%, PkM theme 76%, completeness of material 71%, suitability of material 81% and ability of resource persons in presenting material 84%. A further evaluation was carried out after week 4 for teachers via WA and telephone, there were some parents who had eye problems, took their children for eye consultation to the nearest hospital, some did not bring them to the hospital or puskesmas for reasons Covid-19 pandemic.
Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 melalui Penyediaan Alat Pelindung Diri, Training Diagnostik Covid-19 dan Pemeriksaan Covid- 19 Berbasis Swab PCR Gratis untuk Tenaga Kesehatan dan Mahasiswa Kepaniteraan Klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI
Authors: Herlinawati Sri Wahyu , Zahroh Hilyatuz , Sakura Sakura , Inayatullah Sofa , Firmansyah Hadi , Ainurohmah Nunung , Yuliwulandari Rika
Published: January 2023

Saat ini Indonesia memiliki jumlah terkonfirmasi kasus infeksi Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang tinggi di ASEAN. Tes massal berbasis Real Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR (rRT-PCR) merupakan strategi kunci pengendalian COVID-19 yang direkomendasikan oleh WHO. Peningkatan kapasitas tes sangat penting dilakukan bagi negara dengan kasus COVID-19 yang masih menyebar dengan luas. Dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat hasil kerjasama Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI dengan CSR PLN ini, panitia telah melakukan kegiatan berupa tes swab massal gratis untuk diagnosis COVID-19 berbasis rRT-PCR terhadap tenaga kesehatan, tenaga kependidikan, keluarga karyawan dan mahasiswa kepaniteraan klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI, panitia juga telah melaksanakan kegiatan training diagnostik COVID-19 bagi tenaga kesehatan fakultas kedokteran Universitas YARSI. Selain itu, panitia juga menyediakan alat pelindung diri (APD) gratis untuk tenaga kesehatan dan mahasiswa kepaniteraan klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI.
GREEN ACCOUNTING, ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE, AND PROFITABILITY: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ON HIGH PROFILE INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA
Authors:   Ciputra University Indonesia, Tjoa Eveline Viendra , Patricia Luky ,   Ciputra University Indonesia
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of green accounting and environmental performance on the profitability of high-profile industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2017-2021 period. The company’s activities have a significant impact on the environment. A series of actions are needed to prevent further damage. On the other hand, financial aspects must also be considered when companies carry out social and environmental responsibilities. This needs to be done so that companies can maintain their sustainability. The independent variables of this study are green accounting and environmental performance. The dependent variable of this research is profitability. This study also uses a control variable, namely firm size. The population of this study is high-profile industry companies listed on the IDX in 2017-2021. Samples were taken using the purposive sampling method. The number of samples in this study was 69 companies with a total of 255 observation data. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression test with SPSS 25 program. The results of this study are green accounting does not affect profitability, environmental performance has a positive effect on profitability, and firm size has a negative effect on profitability.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MIND MAPPING IN IMPROVING SIXTH-GRADE STUDENTS’ DESCRIPTIVE WRITING ABILITY AT SDN BLIMBING 2 MALANG
Authors: Ichda Mochammad Amirudin , Kusumaningrum Shirly Rizki , Dewi Radeni Sukma Indra
Published: January 2023

This article analyzes the influence of mind mapping in improving sixth-grade elementary school students’ descriptive writing ability. The type of research is qualitative research with a problem-solving research design. Problem-solving is an approach that indicates the data in the form of words or statements obtained through interviews, documentation, observations, and so on. Classroom action research is conducted to solve problems in learning in the classroom or to improve learning quality. The research subjects involved 24 students of class VI at SDN Blimbing 2. The test results before implementing the class research action indicate that the average value is 54. In cycle I, the average value is 68.7 with a completeness percentage of 42%. It shows that between the pretest and cycle 1 there is an increasing value of 14.7. In cycle 2, the average value increases to 75.2 with a completeness percentage of 100%. The observation results of students’ activity in cycle 1 achieve 71% while in cycle 2 it achieves 81%, which means that there is an increasing percentage of 10%. The observation results teacher’s teaching management in cycle 1 achieves a percentage of 73% and in cycle 2 it achieves a percentage of 87%, which means that there is an increasing percentage of 15%. Thus, the data analysis of students’ writing descriptive essays through mind mapping from the pretest, cycle 1 to cycle 2 has achieved an average score target.
Nutritional management of food allergies: Prevention and treatment
Authors: Leone Ludovica , Mazzocchi Alessandra , Maffeis Laura , De Cosmi Valentina , Agostoni Carlo
Published: January 2023

An individualized allergen avoidance plan is the cornerstone of the nutritional management of food allergy (FA). In pediatric age, the main objective is preventing the occurrence of acute and chronic symptoms by avoiding the offending food(s) and providing an adequate, nutritionally balanced and personalized diet at the same time. For this reason, the presence of a trained dietitian is recommended in order to meet nutritional needs of patients with FA and to provide a tailored nutritional plan, minimizing the impact of FA on quality of life and maintaining optimal growth.
Cofactors of drug hypersensitivity—A monocenter retrospective analysis
Authors: Kühl Johanna , Bergh Björn , Laudes Matthias , Szymczak Silke , Heine Guido
Published: January 2023

Background

Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) are major medical problems that influence the treatment of patients by both under- and overdiagnosis. Still, little is known about the role of predisposing or protecting cofactors of DHR.

Objective

This study aims to determine drug-specific cofactors in patients with DHR.

Methods

Retrospective file chart analysis of inpatients with suspected DHR in our department between 2015 and 2020 was performed. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression were conducted for the estimation and statistical interference.

Results

DHRs were suspected in 393 patients with 678 culprit drugs. In 183 cases, drug hypersensitivities were confirmed, mostly against nonopioid analgesic drugs and antibiotics. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified a positive association of antibiotic hypersensitivity with obesity [odds ratio (OR) 5.75, average marginal effect (AME) +24.4%] and age and a negative association with arterial hypertension, female sex, elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE), and allergic rhinitis. Hypersensitivity to nonopioid analgesics was associated with atopic dermatitis (OR 10.28, AME +28.5%), elevated IgE, and arterial hypertension.

Conclusions

Drug-specific cofactors of DHR include obesity for antibiotics and atopic dermatitis for nonopioid analgesics, the knowledge of which may improve the risk calculation for drug provocation tests.
Bifurcation analysis of a predator–prey model involving age structure, intraspecific competition, Michaelis–Menten type harvesting, and memory effect
Authors: Panigoro Hasan S. , Rahmi Emli , Resmawan Resmawan
Published: January 2023

The complexity of the dynamical behaviors of interaction between prey and its predator is studied. The prey and predator relationship involves the age structure and intraspecific competition on predators and the nonlinear harvesting of prey following the Michaelis–Menten type term. Some biological validities are shown for the constructed model such as the existence and uniqueness as well as the non-negativity and boundedness of solutions. Three equilibrium points, namely the origin, axial, and interior points, are found including their global dynamics by employing the Lyapunov function along with the generalized Lassale invariant principle. The changes in dynamical behaviors driven by the harvesting and the memory effect are exhibited, including transcritical, saddle-node, backward, and Hopf bifurcations. The appearance of these interesting phenomena is strengthened by giving numerical simulations consisting of bifurcation diagrams, phase portraits, and their time series.
Dark fermentative hydrogen production and transcriptional analysis of genes involved in the unicellular halotolerant cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica under nitrogen and potassium deprivation
Authors: Chinchusak Nattanon , Incharoensakdi Aran , Phunpruch Saranya
Published: January 2023

The unicellular halotolerant cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica is known as a potential hydrogen (H2) producer. This study aimed to investigate the enhancement of H2 production under nutrient deprivation. The results showed that nitrogen and potassium deprivation induced dark fermentative H2 production by A. halophytica, while no differences in H2 production were found under sulfur and phosphorus deprivation. In addition, deprivation of nitrogen and potassium resulted in the highest H2 production in A. halophytica due to the stimulation of hydrogenase activity. The effect of adaptation time under nitrogen and potassium deprivation on H2 production was investigated. The results showed that the highest H2 accumulation of 1,261.96 ± 96.99 µmol H2 g dry wt−1 and maximum hydrogenase activity of 179.39 ± 8.18 µmol H2 g dry wt−1 min−1 were obtained from A. halophytica cells adapted in the nitrogen- and potassium-deprived BG11 medium supplemented with Turk Island salt solution (BG110-K) for 48 h. An increase in hydrogenase activity was attributed to the decreased O2 concentration in the system, due to a reduction of photosynthetic O2 evolution rate and a promotion of dark respiration rate. Moreover, nitrogen and potassium deprivation stimulated glycogen accumulation and decreased specific activity of pyruvate kinase. Transcriptional analysis of genes involved in H2 metabolism using RNA-seq confirmed the above results. Several genes involved in glycogen biosynthesis (glgA, glgB, and glgP) were upregulated under both nitrogen and potassium deprivation, but genes regulating enzymes in the glycolytic pathway were downregulated, especially pyk encoding pyruvate kinase. Interestingly, genes involved in the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPP) were upregulated. Thus, OPP became the favored pathway for glycogen catabolism and the generation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), which resulted in an increase in H2 production under dark anaerobic condition in both nitrogen- and potassium-deprived cells.
Application of decellularized vascular matrix in small-diameter vascular grafts
Authors: Li Yuanming , Zhou Ying , Qiao Weihua , Shi Jiawei , Qiu Xuefeng , Dong Nianguo
Published: January 2023

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains the most common procedure used in cardiovascular surgery for the treatment of severe coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. In coronary artery bypass grafting, small-diameter vascular grafts can potentially replace the vessels of the patient. The complete retention of the extracellular matrix, superior biocompatibility, and non-immunogenicity of the decellularized vascular matrix are unique advantages of small-diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts. However, after vascular implantation, the decellularized vascular matrix is also subject to thrombosis and neoplastic endothelial hyperplasia, the two major problems that hinder its clinical application. The keys to improving the long-term patency of the decellularized matrix as vascular grafts include facilitating early endothelialization and avoiding intravascular thrombosis. This review article sequentially introduces six aspects of the decellularized vascular matrix as follows: design criteria of vascular grafts, components of the decellularized vascular matrix, the changing sources of the decellularized vascular matrix, the advantages and shortcomings of decellularization technologies, modification methods and the commercialization progress as well as the application prospects in small-diameter vascular grafts.
Tumor treatment by pHLIP-targeted antigen delivery
Authors: DuPont Michael , Visca Hannah , Moshnikova Anna , Engelman Donald M. , Reshetnyak Yana K. , Andreev Oleg A.
Published: January 2023

Targeted antigen delivery allows activation of the immune system to kill cancer cells. Here we report the targeted delivery of various epitopes, including a peptide, a small molecule, and a sugar, to tumors by pH Low Insertion Peptides (pHLIPs), which respond to surface acidity and insert to span the membranes of metabolically activated cancer and immune cells within tumors. Epitopes linked to the extracellular ends of pH Low Insertion Peptide peptides were positioned at the surfaces of tumor cells and were recognized by corresponding anti-epitope antibodies. Special attention was devoted to the targeted delivery of the nine residue HA peptide epitope from the Flu virus hemagglutinin. The HA sequence is not present in the human genome, and immunity is readily developed during viral infection or immunization with KLH-HA supplemented with adjuvants. We tested and refined a series of double-headed HA-pHLIP agents, where two HA epitopes were linked to a single pH Low Insertion Peptide peptide via two Peg12 or Peg24 polymers, which enable HA epitopes to engage both antibody binding sites. HA-epitopes positioned at the surfaces of tumor cells remain exposed to the extracellular space for 24–48 h and are then internalized. Different vaccination schemes and various adjuvants, including analogs of FDA approved adjuvants, were tested in mice and resulted in a high titer of anti-HA antibodies. Anti-HA antibody binds HA-pHLIP in blood and travels as a complex leading to significant tumor targeting with no accumulation in organs and to hepatic clearance. HA-pHLIP agents induced regression of 4T1 triple negative breast tumor and B16F10 MHC-I negative melanoma tumors in immunized mice. The therapeutic efficacy potentially is limited by the drop of the level of anti-HA antibodies in the blood to background level after three injections of HA-pHLIP. We hypothesize that additional boosts would be required to keep a high titer of anti-HA antibodies to enhance efficacy. pH Low Insertion Peptide-targeted antigen therapy may provide an opportunity to treat tumors unresponsive to T cell based therapies, having a small number of neo-antigens, or deficient in MHC-I presentation at the surfaces of cancer cells either alone or in combination with other approaches.
Carboxymethylcellulose reinforced starch films and rapid detection of spoiled beverages
Authors: Qin Shijiao , Sun Hao , Wan Xiaoli , Wu Yujia , Lin Xu , Kan Huan , Hou Defa , Zheng Zhifeng , He Xiahong , Liu Can
Published: January 2023

The integrity of the packaging of a liquid foodstuff makes it difficult to detect spoilage. Therefore, it is important to develop a sensitive, fast and real-time material for liquid food detection. CMC, as lignocellulose derivatives and starch are widely used in the food industry. In this study, starch films with pH-responsive properties are successfully prepared from full-component starch and corn amylopectin (CA) by adding CMC. The effects of CMC on the mechanical properties, morphology characteristics, physical and chemical structures, stability and pH responsiveness of the starch films are analyzed. The starch/CMC-1.0 g composite films display good electrical conductivity and reduce the resistance of the composite film by two orders of magnitude. The composite films have pH response ability; in the simulation of orange juice spoilage experiment, the CA/CMC composite film has a more sensitive current response and was more suitable for the application to liquid food quality detection. Additionally, the starch/CMC composite films have potential applications for rapid detection and real-time monitoring of the safety of liquid food.
Human airway organoids as 3D in vitro models for a toxicity assessment of emerging inhaled pollutants: Tire wear particles
Authors: Jiang Yingying , Lu Lin , Du Chao , Li Yanting , Cheng Wenting , Bi Huanhuan , Li Guo , Zhuang Min , Ren Dunqiang , Wang Hongmei , Ji Xiaoya
Published: January 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) structured organoids have become increasingly promising and effective in vitro models, and there is an urgent need for reliable models to assess health effects of inhaled pollutants on the human airway. In our study, we conducted a toxicity assessment of human airway organoids (hAOs) for tire wear particles (TWPs) as an emerging inhaled pollutant. We induced primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) to generated human airway organoids, which recapitulated the key features of human airway epithelial cells including basal cells, ciliated cells, goblet cells, and club cells. TWPs generated from the wearing of tire treads were considered a major source of emerging inhaled road traffic-derived non-exhaust particles, but their health effect on the lungs is poorly understood. We used human airway organoids to assess the toxicology of tire wear particles on the human airway. In an exposure study, the inhibitory effect of TWPs on the growth of human airway organoids was observed. TWPs induced significant cell apoptosis and oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. From the qPCR analysis, TWPs significantly up-regulated the expression pf genes involved in the inflammation response. Additionally, the exposure of TWPs reduced SCGB1A1 gene expression associated with the function of the club cell and KRT5 gene expression related to the function of basal cells. In conclusion, this was first study using human airway organoids for a toxicological assessment of TWPs, and our findings revealed that human airway organoids provide an evaluation model of inhaled pollutants potentially affecting the lungs.
Effects of different bicarbonate on spirulina in CO2 absorption and microalgae conversion hybrid system
Authors: Zhang Pengyu , Sun Qian , Dong Ye , Lian Shaohan
Published: January 2023

According to the characteristics of power plant flue gas emission and the requirements of reducing CO2 capture cost. CO2 absorption hybrid with microalgae conversion (CAMC) can avoid the challenges of heat consumption during absorbent desorption and nutrient consumption during microalgae culture. In this study, the bicarbonate solution (represents the products of CO2 absorption by Na2CO3 and K2CO3) is used as carbon source for mutagenic Spirulina platensis cultivation, and different concentrations of bicarbonate were set to explore the best carbon source. The results showed that NaHCO3 was a better medium for the CO2 absorption hybrid with microalgae conversion system, which was beneficial for the growth of mutagenic Spirulina, compared with K2CO3. When .3 mol/L NaHCO3 was added to the CO2 absorption hybrid with microalgae conversion system, the highest biomass dry weight, carbon fixation rate and carbon utilization efficiency were obtained, which were 2.24 g/L, 230.36 mg/L/d and 26.71%, respectively. In addition, .3 mol/L NaHCO3 was conducive to protein synthesis, reaching 1,625.68 mg/L. This study provided a feasible idea for power system to achieve carbon neutrality in the future.
Stimuli-responsive injectable chitosan-based hydrogels for controlled drug delivery systems
Authors: Garshasbi Hamidreza , Salehi Saba , Naghib Seyed Morteza , Ghorbanzadeh Sadegh , Zhang Wei
Published: January 2023

In the last decade, injectable hydrogels have attracted a lot of attention due to their excellent functional properties in the field of drug delivery for precise, non-invasive and focused tissue locations. Therefore, designing drug delivery systems (DDS) responsive to hydrogel stimuli to release a drug to an external stimulus with various advantages, can be very challenging. Due to their biocompatibility, mucosal adhesion, and hemostatic activity, chitosan (Chitosan)-based hydrogels offer a lot of potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery. It can be difficult to manage the structure of these stimuli-responsive CS hydrogels or they may require additional crosslinking agents, such as hydrogels with dual pH and thermo-responsiveness. Therefore, it is crucial to create these hydrogels for medicinal applications.
Whole transcriptomic analysis of mesenchymal stem cells cultured in Nichoid micro-scaffolds
Authors: Testa Carolina , Oliveto Stefania , Jacchetti Emanuela , Donnaloja Francesca , Martinelli Chiara , Pinoli Pietro , Osellame Roberto , Cerullo Giulio , Ceri Stefano , Biffo Stefano , Raimondi Manuela T.
Published: January 2023

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to be ideal candidates for clinical applications where not only regenerative potential but also immunomodulation ability is fundamental. Over the last years, increasing efforts have been put into the design and fabrication of 3D synthetic niches, conceived to emulate the native tissue microenvironment and aiming at efficiently controlling the MSC phenotype in vitro. In this panorama, our group patented an engineered microstructured scaffold, called Nichoid. It is fabricated through two-photon polymerization, a technique enabling the creation of 3D structures with control of scaffold geometry at the cell level and spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit, down to 100 nm. The Nichoid’s capacity to maintain higher levels of stemness as compared to 2D substrates, with no need for adding exogenous soluble factors, has already been demonstrated in MSCs, neural precursors, and murine embryonic stem cells. In this work, we evaluated how three-dimensionality can influence the whole gene expression profile in rat MSCs. Our results show that at only 4 days from cell seeding, gene activation is affected in a significant way, since 654 genes appear to be differentially expressed (392 upregulated and 262 downregulated) between cells cultured in 3D Nichoids and in 2D controls. The functional enrichment analysis shows that differentially expressed genes are mainly enriched in pathways related to the actin cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix (ECM), and, in particular, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), thus confirming the important role of cell morphology and adhesions in determining the MSC phenotype. In conclusion, our results suggest that the Nichoid, thanks to its exclusive architecture and 3D cell adhesion properties, is not only a useful tool for governing cell stemness but could also be a means for controlling immune-related MSC features specifically involved in cell migration.
RETRACTED: Designing of SiO2 mesoporous nanoparticles loaded with mometasone furoate for potential nasal drug delivery: Ex vivo evaluation and determination of pro-inflammatory interferon and interleukin mRNA expression
Authors: Mehmood Yasir , Shahid Hira , Barkat Kashif , Ibraheem Muhammad , Riaz Humayun , Badshah Syed Faisal , Chopra Hitesh , Sharma Rohit , Nepovimova Eugenie , Kuca Kamil , Valis Martin , Emran Talha Bin
Published: January 2023

The main objective of the current research work was to synthesize mesoporous silica nanoparticles for controlled delivery of mometasone furoate for potential nasal delivery. The optimized sol–gel method was used for the synthesis of mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Synthesized nanoparticles were processed through Zeta sizer, SEM, TEM, FTIR, TGA, DSC, XRD, and BET analysis for structural characterization. The in vitro dissolution test was performed for the inclusion compound, while the Franz diffusion experiment was performed for permeability of formulation. For the determination of expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-5, RNA extraction, reverse transcription, and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed. The MTT assay was also performed to determine cell viability. Synthesized and functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles showed controlled release of drugs. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of the corresponding functional groups of drugs within mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Zeta sizer and thermal analysis confirmed the delivery system was in nano size and thermally stable. Moreover, a highly porous system was observed during SEM and TEM evaluation, and further it was confirmed by BET analysis. Greater cellular uptake with improved permeability characteristics was also observed. As compared to the crystalline drug, a significant improvement in the dissolution rate was observed. It was concluded that stable mesoporous silica nanoparticles with significant porosity were synthesized, efficiently delivering the loaded drug without any toxic effect.
The mutation in splicing factor genes correlates with unfavorable prognosis, genomic instability, anti-tumor immunosuppression and increased immunotherapy response in pan-cancer
Authors: Luo Jiangti , Chen Canping , Liu Zhixian , Wang Xiaosheng
Published: January 2023

Splicing abnormality resulting from somatic mutations in key splicing factor genes (SFG) has been detected in various cancers. Hence, an in-depth study of splicing factor genes mutations’ impact on pan-cancer is meaningful. This study investigated associations of splicing factor genes mutations with clinical features, tumor progression phenotypes, genomic integrity, anti-tumor immune responses, and immunotherapy response in 12 common cancer types from the TCGA database. Compared to SFG-wildtype cancers, SFG-mutated cancers displayed worse survival prognosis, higher tumor mutation burden and aneuploidy levels, higher expression of immunosuppressive signatures, and higher levels of tumor stemness, proliferation potential, and intratumor heterogeneity (ITH). However, splicing factor genes-mutated cancers showed higher response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors than splicing factor genes-wildtype cancers in six cancer cohorts. Single-cell data analysis confirmed that splicing factor genes mutations were associated with increased tumor stemness, proliferation capacity, PD-L1 expression, intratumor heterogeneity, and aneuploidy levels. Our data suggest that the mutation in key splicing factor genes correlates with unfavorable clinical outcomes and disease progression, genomic instability, anti-tumor immunosuppression, and increased immunotherapy response in pan-cancer. Thus, the splicing factor genes mutation is an adverse prognostic factor and a positive marker for immunotherapy response in cancer.
Immunosuppressive functions of melanoma cell-derived exosomes in plasma of melanoma patients
Authors: Whiteside Theresa L.
Published: January 2023

Tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) are a subset of small extracellular vesicles (sEV) present in all body fluids of patients with cancer. In plasma of patients with metastatic melanoma, numbers of exosomes produced by melanoma cells called MTEX are elevated. To study the role of MTEX in melanoma progression, immunoaffinity-based separation of MTEX from total plasma exosomes was performed. The surface of MTEX was decorated by various checkpoint inhibitory proteins, and upon coincubation with immune recipient cells, MTEX suppressed anti-tumor functions of these cells. MTEX emerge as a major mechanism of immune suppression in melanoma and thus might play a role in promoting melanoma progression.
Chromosome architecture and homologous recombination in meiosis
Authors: Ito Masaru , Shinohara Akira
Published: January 2023

Meiocytes organize higher-order chromosome structures comprising arrays of chromatin loops organized at their bases by linear axes. As meiotic prophase progresses, the axes of homologous chromosomes align and synapse along their lengths to form ladder-like structures called synaptonemal complexes (SCs). The entire process of meiotic recombination, from initiation via programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) to completion of DSB repair with crossover or non-crossover outcomes, occurs in the context of chromosome axes and SCs. These meiosis-specific chromosome structures provide specialized environments for the regulation of DSB formation and crossing over. In this review, we summarize insights into the importance of chromosome architecture in the regulation of meiotic recombination, focusing on cohesin-mediated axis formation, DSB regulation via tethered loop-axis complexes, inter-homolog template bias facilitated by axial proteins, and crossover regulation in the context of the SCs. We also discuss emerging evidence that the SUMO and the ubiquitin-proteasome system function in the organization of chromosome structure and regulation of meiotic recombination.
Computational design of quinone electrolytes for redox flow batteries using high-throughput machine learning and theoretical calculations
Authors: Wang Fei , Li Jipeng , Liu Zheng , Qiu Tong , Wu Jianzhong , Lu Diannan
Published: January 2023

Molecular design of redox-active materials with higher solubility and greater redox potential windows is instrumental in enhancing the performance of redox flow batteries Here we propose a computational procedure for a systematic evaluation of organic redox-active species by combining machine learning, quantum-mechanical, and classical density functional theory calculations. 1,517 small quinone molecules were generated from the building blocks of benzoquinone, naphthoquinone, and anthraquinone with different substituent groups. The physics-based methods were used to predict HOMO-LUMO gaps and solvation free energies that account for the redox potential differences and aqueous solubility, respectively. The high-throughput calculations were augmented with the quantitative structure-property relationship analyses and machine learning/graph network modeling to evaluate the materials’ overall behavior. The computational procedure was able to reproduce high-performance cathode electrolyte materials consistent with experimental observations and identify new electrolytes for RFBs by screening 100,000 di-substituted quinone molecules, the largest library of redox-active quinone molecules ever investigated. The efficient computational platform may facilitate a better understanding of the structure-function relationship of quinone molecules and advance the design and application of all-organic active materials for RFBs.