bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applications of Borel-Type Distributions Series to a Class of Janowski-Type Analytic Functions
Authors: Ahmad Bakhtiar , Khan Muhammad Ghaffar , Cotîrlă Luminiţa-Ioana
Published: February 2022

The main purpose of this article is to introduce the new subclass of analytic functions whose coefficients are Borel distributions in the Janowski domain. Further, we investigate some useful number of properties such as Fekete–Szegő inequality, necessary and sufficient condition, growth and distortion approximations, convex linear combination, arithmetic mean, radii of close-to-convexity and starlikeness and partial sums, followed by some extremal functions for this defined class. The symmetry properties and other properties of the subclass of functions introduced in this paper can be studied as future research directions.
Study on the Effect of Damping Asymmetry of the Vertical Suspension on the Railway Bogie Vibrations
Authors: Dumitriu Mădălina
Published: February 2022

This paper has an original approach to the study of vibrations in the bogie of the railway vehicle by taking into account the asymmetry of the vertical damping of suspension. The study relies on the results derived from the numerical simulation applications, where the damping asymmetry of the bogie suspension is simulated through different degrees of reducing the damping of the suspension of one of the wheels compared to the reference value. Under such circumstances, the vibrations behaviour of the bogie, assessed in five reference chassis points—four points located against the suspension of each wheel and one point located against the bogie’s center of mass—will be the result of several combined effects. A first effect is produced by the suspension asymmetry that trigger interferences between the vertical vibrations of bounce and pitch and the horizontal roll vibrations of the bogie. Another effect is introduced by the reduction of the damping in the system. To these, the geometric filtering effect due to the bogie wheelbase is added, which has a selective nature depending on velocity. The analysis of the bogie vertical vibrations aims to assess the level of vibrations and identify the dominant vibration mode in the bogie reference points, as well as to determine the critical point of the vibration mode of the bogie, in correlation with velocity and the reduction degree of the suspension damping.
Cutaneous Management after Extravasation of High-Concentrated Amino Acid Solution Administered for Renal Protection in PRRT
Authors: Sakulpisuti Chaninart , Chamroonrat Wichana , Tepmongkol Supatporn
Published: February 2022

High-concentrated amino acid solution is used to protect the kidneys during peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PPRT) in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Extravasation of the solution can cause cutaneous complications. In this study, we described a 66-year-old man with metastatic medullary thyroid cancer and a 32-year-old woman with metastatic pancreatic NET who developed cutaneous lesions caused by the extravasation of an amino acid solution (25 g of lysine and 25 g of arginine in 1 L of normal saline) during PRRT with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE. Both were treated conservatively, and these cutaneous lesions gradually improved. The patient with metastatic pancreatic NET rejected the amino acid infusion in subsequent cycles of PRRT and therefore received [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE alone, and her serum creatinine level and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) remained normal for 2 months after the last treatment. These two cases revealed cutaneous complications resulting from high-concentrated amino acid solution during PRRT because of hyperosmolarity. Health care providers should be aware of this complication to ensure its prevention and appropriate management. Preserved renal function was demonstrated after [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE treatment in the absence of the infusion of a high-concentrated amino acid solution. However, long-term follow-up of renal function is suggested.
Moss Biomonitoring of Atmospheric Pollution with Trace Elements in the Moscow Region, Russia
Authors: Vergel Konstantin , Zinicovscaia Inga , Yushin Nikita , Chaligava Omari , Nekhoroshkov Pavel , Grozdov Dmitrii
Published: February 2022

For the first time, moss biomonitoring covering the territory of the entire Moscow region, without including Moscow, was performed in 2020. Moss Pleurozium schreberi collected at 156 sampling sites were analyzed using neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry. A total of 34 elements were determined in moss samples. Obtained data were compared with the results of the moss surveys performed in the Vladimir and Yaroslavl regions in 2018 and with the data of moss surveys conducted in the Moscow region on a limited number of sampling sites in 2004 and 2014. The Moscow region showed to be more polluted than the Vladimir and Yaroslavl regions. In the the Moscow region, the decrease of the content of the main part of the elements over time was noted. Trace elements emission sources were identified and characterized using factor analysis. Contamination Factor, Pollution Load Index, and Ecological Risk were calculated to assess the level of the region contamination and elements effect on human health. In general, the Moscow region can be characterized as unpolluted to moderately polluted with a low ecological risk of human exposure. The cities satellites around Moscow were determined to experience particular environmental stress, even in the period of the COVID-19 restrictions.
Determinants of Solid Fuel Use and Emission Risks among Households: Insights from Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Adeeyo Rebecca O. , Edokpayi Joshua N. , Volenzo Tom E. , Odiyo John O. , Piketh Stuart J.
Published: February 2022

Emissions from residential solid fuels reduce ambient air quality and cause indoor air pollution resulting in adverse human health. The traditional solid fuels used for cooking include coal, straws, dung, and wood, with the latter identified as the prevalent energy source in developing countries. Emissions from such fuel sources appear to be significant hazards and risk factors for asthma and other respiratory diseases. This study aimed at reporting factors influencing the choice of dominant solid fuel for cooking and determine the emission risk from such solid fuel in three villages of Phalaborwa, Limpopo province, South Africa. The study used descriptive analysis to show the relationship between the socio-economic variables and the choice of cooking fuel at the household level. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was used further to detect and represent underlying structures in the choice of dominant fuels. MCA shows the diversity and existing relationship of how variables are related analytically and graphically. Generalised linear logistic weight estimation procedure (WLS) was also used to investigate the factors influencing choice of fuel used and the inherent emission risks. In the three villages, wood was the prevalent cooking fuel with 76.8% of participant households using it during the summer and winter seasons. Variables such as low monthly income, level of education, and system of burning are revealed as strong predictors of wood fuel usage. Moreover, income, water heating energy, types of wood, and number of cooking hours are significant (p ≤ 0.05) in influencing emission from wood fuel in the community. A notable conclusion is that variables such as income, education status and system of burning are determinants of wood fuel usage in the three villages, while income, water heating energy, types of wood and number of hours influence vulnerability to household emission and possible health risks in the use of solid energy sources.
MPTP-Treated Zebrafish Recapitulate ‘Late-Stage’ Parkinson’s-like Cognitive Decline
Authors: Bashirzade Alim A. O. , Cheresiz Sergey V. , Belova Alisa S. , Drobkov Alexey V. , Korotaeva Anastasiia D. , Azizi-Arani Soheil , Azimirad Amirhossein , Odle Eric , Gild Emma-Yanina V. , Ardashov Oleg V. , Volcho Konstantin P. , Bozhko Dmitrii V. , Myrov Vladislav O. , Kolchanova Sofia M. , Polovian Aleksander I. , Galumov Georgii K. , Salakhutdinov Nariman F. , Amstislavskaya Tamara G. , Kalueff Allan V.
Published: February 2022

The zebrafish is a promising model species in biomedical research, including neurotoxicology and neuroactive drug screening. 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) evokes degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and is commonly used to model Parkinson’s disease (PD) in laboratory animals, including zebrafish. However, cognitive phenotypes in MPTP-evoked experimental PD models remain poorly understood. Here, we established an LD50 (292 mg/kg) for intraperitoneal MPTP administration in adult zebrafish, and report impaired spatial working memory (poorer spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze) in a PD model utilizing fish treated with 200 µg of this agent. In addition to conventional behavioral analyses, we also employed artificial intelligence (AI)-based approaches to independently and without bias characterize MPTP effects on zebrafish behavior during the Y-maze test. These analyses yielded a distinct cluster for 200-μg MPTP (vs. other) groups, suggesting that high-dose MPTP produced distinct, computationally detectable patterns of zebrafish swimming. Collectively, these findings support MPTP treatment in adult zebrafish as a late-stage experimental PD model with overt cognitive phenotypes.
Development of an LC-MS/MS Method for Non-Invasive Biomonitoring of Neonicotinoid and Systemic Herbicide Pesticide Residues in Bat Hair
Authors: Hooper Sarah E. , Amelon Sybill K. , Lin Chung-Ho
Published: February 2022

With over a quarter of the world’s bats species facing extinction, there is a need for ecotoxicological studies to assess if acute and sublethal exposure to newer pesticides such as neonicotinoids and carbonates contribute to population declines. Pesticide exposure studies in bats have been limited to terminal sampling methods, therefore we developed a non-invasive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method utilizing hair trimmings. The hair of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) was collected and pooled by county to assess the best extraction solvent and solid-phase-extraction (SPE) clean-up cartridges. Using the best performing extraction solvent, methanol, and the best performing SPE cartridge, Chromabond HR-X, we developed an optimized multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of 3 neonicotinoids, clothianidin, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam; 1 carbonate, carbaryl; and 4 systemic herbicides, 2,4-D, atrazine, dicamba, and glyphosate. The optimized protocol yielded the detection of 3–8 of the compounds in the county-level bat hair pools. 2,4-D, glyphosate, and imidacloprid were found in all samples with two of the county-level hair samples having glyphosate concentrations of over 3500 pg/mg of hair. This approach has great potential to facilitate non-terminal ecotoxicological studies assessing the effects of subacute (chronic) pesticide exposure in threatened and endangered bat species and other species experiencing population declines.
Regulated Mycotoxin Occurrence and Co-Occurrence in Croatian Cereals
Authors: Kovač Marija , Bulaić Mateja , Nevistić Ante , Rot Tomislav , Babić Jurislav , Panjičko Mario , Kovač Tihomir , Šarkanj Bojan
Published: February 2022

A total of 209 samples of various cereal crops (maize, wheat, barley, rye and oats) grown in Croatian fields during 2016 and 2017 were collected to analyze and determine the occurrence and co-occurrence of EU regulated mycotoxins in cereals (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, DON, FB1, FB2, ZEA, T-2, HT-2 and OTA). The analysis, performed by a validated confirmatory LC-MS/MS method based on a dilute and shoot principle, highlighted Fusarium mycotoxins as the main contaminants, often co-occurring in samples from both years (50.0% in 2016 and 33.7% in 2017). DON was found to be the most frequent mycotoxin, present in 72.5% of the 2016 samples and 32.6% of the 2017 samples, while maize proved to be the most contaminated cereal type of both years with FUM as the most abundant mycotoxins, with an average concentration of 1180 µg/kg. Moderate temperatures with periods of high humidity favored the accumulation of DON in wheat samples instead of other Fusarium mycotoxins, while similar conditions favored maize contamination with FUM. A total of 8.3% of all the 2016 harvest samples and 7.9% of the 2017 harvest samples were assessed as non-compliant, containing mycotoxins in concentrations higher than the levels set by the EU legislation for food.
Abnormal Bound Systems
Authors: Karmanov Vladimir A.
Published: February 2022

It is taken for granted that bound systems are made of massive constituents that interact through particle exchanges (charged particles interacting via photon exchanges, quarks in elementary particles interacting via gluon exchanges, and nucleons in nuclei interacting via meson exchanges). However, as was recently theoretically found, there exist systems dominated by exchange particles (at least for the zero exchange masses). In these systems, the contribution of massive constituents is negligible. These systems have a relativistic nature (since they are mainly made of massless particles moving at the speed of light), and therefore, they cannot be described by the Schrödinger equation. Though these results were found so far in the simple Wick–Cutkosky model (spinless constituents interacting via the ladder of spinless massless exchanges), the physical ground for their existence seems to be rather general.
Qubit Clock in Quantum Cosmology
Authors: Nambu Yasusada
Published: February 2022

We investigate the emergent time scenario in quantum cosmology based on the Page–Wotters approach. Using a quantum cosmological model with a qubit clock, it is demonstrated how the entanglement between the qubit clock and the geometry derives emergence of a time parameter, which defines evolution of the timeless quantum state of the universe. We show that the universe wave function conditioned by a qubit clock obeys the standard Schrödinger equation and the Fisher information for the clock state, which quantifies entanglement between the universe and the clock, and contributes as a negative energy density.
A Community Study of SARS-CoV-2 Detection by RT-PCR in Saliva: A Reliable and Effective Method
Authors: Fronza Filippo , Groff Nelli , Martinelli Angela , Passerini Beatrice Zita , Rensi Nicolò , Cortelletti Irene , Vivori Nicolò , Adami Valentina , Helander Anna , Bridi Simone , Pancher Michael , Greco Valentina , Garritano Sonia Iolanda , Piffer Elena , Stefani Lara , De Sanctis Veronica , Bertorelli Roberto , Pancheri Serena , Collini Lucia , Dassi Erik , Quattrone Alessandro , Capobianchi Maria Rosaria , Icardi Giancarlo , Poli Guido , Caciagli Patrizio , Ferro Antonio , Pizzato Massimo
Published: February 2022

Efficient, wide-scale testing for SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for monitoring the incidence of the infection in the community. The gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis is the molecular analysis of epithelial secretions from the upper respiratory system captured by nasopharyngeal (NP) or oropharyngeal swabs. Given the ease of collection, saliva has been proposed as a possible substitute to support testing at the population level. Here, we used a novel saliva collection device designed to favour the safe and correct acquisition of the sample, as well as the processivity of the downstream molecular analysis. We tested 1003 nasopharyngeal swabs and paired saliva samples self-collected by individuals recruited at a public drive-through testing facility. An overall moderate concordance (68%) between the two tests was found, with evidence that neither system can diagnose the infection in 100% of the cases. While the two methods performed equally well in symptomatic individuals, their discordance was mainly restricted to samples from convalescent subjects. The saliva test was at least as effective as NP swabs in asymptomatic individuals recruited for contact tracing. Our study describes a testing strategy of self-collected saliva samples, which is reliable for wide-scale COVID-19 screening in the community and is particularly effective for contact tracing.
Visualization of Retroviral Gag-Genomic RNA Cellular Interactions Leading to Genome Encapsidation and Viral Assembly: An Overview
Authors: Bernacchi Serena
Published: February 2022

Retroviruses must selectively recognize their unspliced RNA genome (gRNA) among abundant cellular and spliced viral RNAs to assemble into newly formed viral particles. Retroviral gRNA packaging is governed by Gag precursors that also orchestrate all the aspects of viral assembly. Retroviral life cycles, and especially the HIV-1 one, have been previously extensively analyzed by several methods, most of them based on molecular biology and biochemistry approaches. Despite these efforts, the spatio-temporal mechanisms leading to gRNA packaging and viral assembly are only partially understood. Nevertheless, in these last decades, progress in novel bioimaging microscopic approaches (as FFS, FRAP, TIRF, and wide-field microscopy) have allowed for the tracking of retroviral Gag and gRNA in living cells, thus providing important insights at high spatial and temporal resolution of the events regulating the late phases of the retroviral life cycle. Here, the implementation of these recent bioimaging tools based on highly performing strategies to label fluorescent macromolecules is described. This report also summarizes recent gains in the current understanding of the mechanisms employed by retroviral Gag polyproteins to regulate molecular mechanisms enabling gRNA packaging and the formation of retroviral particles, highlighting variations and similarities among the different retroviruses.
Carbohydrate Ligands for COVID-19 Spike Proteins
Authors: Lee Yung-Kuo , Chang Wen-Chiu , Prakash Ekambaranellore , Peng Yu-Ju , Tu Zhi-Jay , Lin Chun-Hung , Hsu Pang-Hung , Chang Chuan-Fa
Published: February 2022

An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) first detected in Wuhan, China, has created a public health emergency all over the world. The pandemic has caused more than 340 million confirmed cases and 5.57 million deaths as of 23 January 2022. Although carbohydrates have been found to play a role in coronavirus binding and infection, the role of cell surface glycans in SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenesis is still not understood. Herein, we report that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit binds specifically to blood group A and B antigens, and that the spike protein S2 subunit has a binding preference for Lea antigens. Further examination of the binding preference for different types of red blood cells (RBCs) indicated that the spike protein S1 subunit preferentially binds with blood group A RBCs, whereas the spike protein S2 subunit prefers to interact with blood group Lea RBCs. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a known target of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, was identified to be a blood group A antigen-containing glycoprotein. Additionally, 6-sulfo N-acetyllactosamine was found to inhibit the binding of the spike protein S1 subunit with blood group A RBCs and reduce the interaction between the spike protein S1 subunit and ACE2.
Effectiveness and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccine among Pregnant Women in Real-World Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ma Yirui , Deng Jie , Liu Qiao , Du Min , Liu Min , Liu Jue
Published: February 2022

We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines for pregnant women in real-world studies. We searched for observational studies about the effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines among vaccinated pregnant women from inception to 6 November 2021. A total of 6 studies were included. We found that vaccination prevented pregnant women from SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 0.50, 95% CI, 0.35–0.79) and COVID-19-related hospitalization (OR = 0.50, 95% CI, 0.31–0.82). Messenger-RNA vaccines could reduce the risk of infection in pregnant women (OR = 0.13, 95% CI, 0.03–0.57). No adverse events of COVID-19 vaccination were found on pregnant, fetal, or neonatal outcomes. Our analysis confirmed the effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines for pregnant women. Policy makers should formulate targeted strategies to improve vaccine coverage in pregnant women.
Numerical Study of the Emission of Acoustic Energy of Single Collapsing Vapor Bubble Near a Rigid Wall
Authors: Duan Hangbo , Chen Linya , Liang Xiaoyu
Published: February 2022

A compressible two-phase solver considering phase transition and thermodynamic effects is developed on OpenFOAM to numerically investigate the dynamics of single cavitation bubble collapse near the rigid wall. A grid independence analysis is conducted, and the accuracy of the pressure field is verified by comparing the numerical results with the experimental results. The emission process of acoustic energy during the bubble collapse is discussed. Moreover, the acoustic radiation energy in the flow field under different dimensionless bubble-wall distances γ is further studied, which is related to the mechanism of cavitation erosion. The results show that γ−value has a significant effect on the amplitude of acoustic energy. The maximum amplitude of acoustic energy accounts for 8% to 25% of the total energy in the flow field when γ−value ranges from 0.1 to 2.0. The amplitude of acoustic energy decreases with γ in the range 0.1<γ<0.9 while increases with γ in the range 0.9<γ<2.0.
Water and Health Nexus—Land Use Dynamics, Flooding, and Water-Borne Diseases in the Odaw River Basin, Ghana
Authors: Ntajal Joshua , Höllermann Britta , Falkenberg Timo , Kistemann Thomas , Evers Mariele
Published: February 2022

Water pollution is a major issue in Ghana with direct impacts on human health. However, the underlying drivers of exposure and risks are not comprehensively explored and understood, while the diseases continue posing huge burdens. The key question addressed is: what are the key drivers influencing the water–health nexus, particularly water-borne disease risks in the Odaw River basin, Ghana? Multiple approaches were integrated: qualitative system dynamic modeling and urban land-use change assessment. Multi-level stakeholder participation, including household surveys, focus group discussions, and workshops were employed in developing and identifying indicators and feedback loops. The results revealed that communities have access to water and sanitation, but water-borne diseases are still prevalent. Flooding influenced by poor land use planning and solid waste disposal are key risk factors, contributing to water pollution and disease outbreaks. The major land-use change is the conversion of natural to built-up areas, resulting in decreased urban vegetation cover and increased soil sealing, partly contributing to flood risk. Complex linkages and multiple feedback loops between land use, flooding, water pollution, and water-borne disease risks were identified. In addition to supplying safe drinking water and sanitation, multi-sectoral collaborations are required to co-design and implement integrated interventions, including flood risk reduction, urban land use plans, and improved waste management to reduce disease risks and promote health.
Improvement of Deep Learning Models for River Water Level Prediction Using Complex Network Method
Authors: Kim Donghyun , Han Heechan , Wang Wonjoon , Kim Hung Soo
Published: February 2022

Accurate water level prediction is one of the important challenges in various fields such as hydrology, natural disasters, and water resources management studies. In this study, a deep neural network and a long short-term memory model were applied for water level predictions between 2000 and 2020 in the Phan Rang River Basin of Nihn Thuan located in Vietnam. In addition, a complex network model was utilized to improve the predictive ability of both models for water level prediction at the outlet point of the basin. The water level prediction by each model was compared with the observed water level data, and the predictive power for each model was evaluated using three statistical metrics: the correlation coefficient (CC), the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE), and the normalized root-mean-squared error (NRMSE). Using all data from nearby stations, there may be distortions in the prediction due to unnecessary data for model learning. Therefore, the complex network method was applied to find best data sources providing factors contributing to water level behaviors. The results of this study showed that a combination of the long short-term memory model and the complex network provided the best predictive performance (CC: 0.99; NSE: 0.99; and NRMSE: 0.17) and was selected as the optimal model for water level prediction in this study. As the need for disaster management is gradually increasing, it is expected that the deep learning model with the complex network method have sufficient potential to reduce the damage from natural disasters and improve disaster response systems, such as in the outskirts of Vietnam.
Long-Term Sustainability of Using Hemodialyzers to Inexpensively Provide Pathogen-Free Water to Remote Villages Lacking Electricity
Authors: Port Friedrich K. , Goodkin David A. , Raimann Jochen G. , Boaheng Joseph M. , Johnson Seth , Lamolle Mathieu , Donald Linda , Levin Nathan W.
Published: February 2022

The provision of clean water to remote communities is a major goal of both the World Health Organization and the United Nations. We report on the long-term sustainability of filter-sterilizing polluted water in remote villages in Ghana that lack electricity. Contaminated water pumped several times a week via a gasoline pump into a 1000 L elevated tank is filtered through polysulfone hemodialyzers on demand. The 3 nm fiber pore size rejects all bacteria, parasites, and viruses. Villagers flush organic matter from the dialyzers thrice daily to maintain a flow of up to 250 L/h. Having previously reported a 73% reduction in diarrheal episodes, we now address system sustainability. After passing through the hemodialyzer filters, a fecally polluted water source remains consistently free of pathogens even after the system has been in place for >1 year in most villages. Filters are easily replaced when needed. Daily cost for unlimited clean water is less than USD 2.22 per village over five years. Villagers have continued to independently fill the tank and flush the system, because they appreciate the clean water and health benefits. We demonstrate that over 2–6 years this system providing pathogen-free drinking water can be maintained independently by villagers for long-term sustainability. It does not require electricity nor disinfectants to be added to the product water and is ready for far broader application in similarly remote settings.
The Dynamics Characteristics of Soil Water Infiltration and Capillary Rise for Saline–Sodic Soil Mixed with Sediment
Authors: Sun Chitao , Feng Di , Yu Chao , Sun Jingsheng , Han Xin , Zhang Mingming , Zhang Peng , Han Huifang , Mao Weibing , Shen Xiaojun
Published: February 2022

Yellow River sediment is the potential resource for saline–sodic soil reclamation. Experiments of one-dimensional soil columns were conducted to investigate the upward and downward soil water transportation characteristics for saline–sodic soil mixed with different sediment addition (0, 10, 20 kg/m2 in the top 20 cm layer). The saturated hydraulic conductivity, ratio of macroporosity, cumulative capillary adsorption and infiltration rate all increased with the increase in sediment addition. No significant differences were detected for both the initial capillary rise rate and the initial infiltration rate for the upward and downward water transportation treatments, respectively. The average adsorption and infiltration rates showed an increasing trend with the increased sediment addition. The initial and average infiltration rates were higher than the initial capillary rise rate and average adsorption rates. The Philip model seems the optimal choice for the dynamic simulation of both upward and downward soil water transportation. The results may provide useful information for soil salinization amelioration.
BEEF MANUFACTURE: CONDITION AND PROSPECTS
Authors: ЛЕБЕДЕВ С.В. , КОСТЮК Р.В. , ШИЧКИН Д.Г. , ШИЧКИН Г.И.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлены анализ динамики производства крупного рогатого скота на убой, численности поголовья в разрезе категорий хозяйств, в том числе скота мясных пород, а также пути дальнейшего развития мясного скотоводства и увеличения производства говядины в Российской Федерации. Показано, что потребление говядины в расчете на душу населения остается фактически на одном и том же уровне около 14 кг при рекомендуемой рациональной норме 20 кг. В последние годы изменилась структура производства мяса. Среднесуточные приросты на выращивании, откорме и нагуле остаются низкими — 658 г., средняя живая масса скота, реализованного на убой, составляла всего лишь 438 кг. В перспективе развитие мясного скотоводства является одним из стратегических направлений по увеличению отечественного производства высококачественной говядины.

The article presents the analysis of dynamics in meat stockbreeding, livestock numbers in the context of farm categories, including beef cattle, as well as ways of meat stockbreeding development and increasing the manufacture of beef in the Russian Federation. It is shown that the consumption of beef per capita remains, in fact, on the same level: about 14 kg, with a recommended rational rate of 20 kg. The structure of meat manufacture has changed in recent years. Average daily increase in growth, fattening and graziery remain low — 658 g, average live body weight of livestock sold for slaughter amounted only to 438 kg. In prospect, meat stockbreeding development is one of the strategic directions of the increase in domestic manufacture of high-quality beef.
FORMATION OF DOMESTIC BULL SEMEN MARKET
Authors: ЧИНАРОВ В.И.
Published: February 2022

Государственные вложения, направленные на развитие отечественного племенного скотоводства, позволили сформировать на всей территории страны широкую сеть племенных заводов, репродукторов и генофондных хозяйств для обеспечения отрасли племенной продукцией. С 2016 года в племенном скотоводстве наблюдается расширенное воспроизводство, и отрасль полностью обеспечена нетелями отечественной селекции для ремонта стада. Почти по всем породам крупного рогатого скота, разводимым в племенных хозяйствах, обеспечивается простое воспроизводство, и уже имеется достаточное поголовье молодняка для реализации внутри страны и поставок на экспорт. В области развития внутреннего рынка племенного молодняка наблюдается положительная тенденция по увеличению доли и наращиванию объемов реализации скота отечественной селекции. На рынке спермы быков-производителей искусственным осеменением охвачено 60% потенциально возможного поголовья, а импортопотребление в 2020 году достигло 62%. В АО «Головной центр по воспроизводству сельскохозяйственных животных» в настоящее время содержится треть потенциально, необходимого для нашей страны поголовья быков производителей всех пород и доля холдинга на внутреннем рынке спермы быков составила 35,1%. При этом накопленные запасы уже приготовленных доз спермы превышают объемы импорта за последние 5 лет.

State investments aimed at development of domestic cattle breeding made it possible to form a wide network of breeding plants, breeding reproducers and gene pool farms throughout the country to provide the industry with breeding resources. Since 2016, there has been an expanded reproduction at cattle breeding and the industry is fully provided with domestic breeding heifers for herd repair. Almost all breeds of cattle are provided with simple reproduction at breeding farms and there is a sufficient number of young animals for sale inside the country and for export. At domestic market of young breeding animals, there is a positive trend for increasing the share and sales volumes of domestic breeds. The situation is more complicated at bull semen market: artificial insemination covers only 60% of the potentially possible cattle population, and import consumption reached 62% in 2020. Head Center for Reproduction currently has one third of bulls – producers of all breeds which are potentially necessary for our country. The holding's share at domestic bull sperm market s 35.1%. At the same time, the accumulated stocks of already prepared doses of sperm exceed the volume of imports over the past 5 years.
Electrochemical Properties of Trimethylammonium Tetrafluoroborate in Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors
Authors: Lee Sooyeon , Lee Kyung Min , Kim Ketack
Published: February 2022

Trimethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TriMA BF4), consisting of the smallest trialkylammonium ion, was investigated for use in electrochemical double-layer capacitors. Despite the presence of a proton in TriMA+, cycle life tests in acetonitrile (AN) and -butyrolactone (GBL) showed a good capacity retention with a 1.8 V cut-off voltage. The rate of electrolysis of TriMA BF4 in GBL was lower than that in AN because of the lower conductivity in GBL. As a consequence, the cells based on GBL achieved a higher capacitance and longer life than those with AN. TriMA BF4 had a higher conductivity and lower viscosity than the quaternary salt tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in GBL, as well as higher ionic mobility, these factors resulted in a higher rate capability.
Bildfilter als Analysewerkzeug im Technologiesektor von Industrie 4.0
Authors: Albers Franziska , Bartsch Thomas , Kowalke Dennis , Sade Sercan
Published: February 2022

Der Einrichtprozess der Wasserstrahlschneidanlage erfolgt überwiegend als manueller Prozess. Die fehlende Automatisierung führt zu einem hohen Zeitverlust und der dauerhaften Anwesenheit einer Fachkraft. Dieser Umstand wird durch eine Steigerung des Automatisierungsgrades angegangen. Die Steigerung wird durch die Integration einer Umfeldsensorik und die Erstellung eines Algorithmus re-alisiert. Dieser erkennt die Halbzeuge im Arbeitsraum, um diese anschließend in ein CAD-Modell zu transformieren.
Kombinierte Optimierung für diskontinuierliche Produktion mit nicht definierten Qualitätskriterium
Authors: Schulz Thomas
Published: February 2022

Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit einem realen Fall der Chargenproduktion aus der pharmazeutischen Industrie. Das in der Untersuchung betrachtete Problem liegt im Bereich der Optimierung der Chargenqualität und der Minimierung des Ausschusses unter der Gegebenheit, dass die entsprechenden Qualitätsparameter im Unternehmenssteuerungssystem nicht gemessen werden. Die in dieser Arbeit vorgeschlagene Technik führt ein virtuelles Qualitätskriterium ein, das für jede der Chargen angewendet wird, basierend auf dem beschränkten Wissen der Anwender, welche Charge als optimale Charge (auch Golden Batch bezeichnet) betrachtet werden kann und somit als Referenz für die aktuell in Produktion befindliche Charge verwendet werden kann. Zu diesem Zweck verwenden wir das klassische integrale Leistungskriterium, das in der Theorie der optimalen Steuerung dynamischer Systeme weit verbreitet ist, um zu messen, wie weit der aktuelle Zustand des Systems vom 'optimalen' Punkt entfernt ist. Mit Hilfe der beschriebenen Technologie, die aus der genannten Nachbardisziplin stammt, waren wir in der Lage, die Qualität jeder Charge als ein kontinuierliches Messverhältnis zu quantifizieren, was uns erlaubte, mehrere effiziente kontinuierliche Analysetechniken für diesen anfänglichen Chargenproduktionsfall zu verwenden.
Untersuchungen zur echtzeitfähigen Bilderkennung mit neuronalen Netzen auf konventionellen Industriesteuerungen
Authors: Wree Christoph , Raßmann Rando , Daâs Janis , Bause Fabian , Schönfeld T.
Published: February 2022

Fertigungssysteme für die individualisierte Produktion erfordern Arbeitsabläufe, die von einzelnen Objekten abhängig sind. Maschinelles Lernen (ML) bietet die Möglichkeit, verschiedene Objekte mit Hilfe eines neuronalen Netzes zu klassifizieren. Abhängig von den Klassifikationsergebnissen können Entscheidungen für den nachfolgenden Produktionsschritt getroffen werden. Es wird untersucht, ob es möglich ist, ein neuronales Netz zur Bilderkennung in Echtzeit und in Koordination mit den Maschinen- und Bewegungssteuerungsaufgaben auszuführen. In dieser Arbeit wird die Umsetzung und Messung mit Hilfe einer SPS-Laufzeitumgebung auf einem Standard-Industrie-PC durchgeführt. Die Ausführungszeiten verschiedener Methoden zur Implementierung neuronaler Netze werden gemessen und verglichen. Das schnellste neuronale Netz benötigt eine durchschnittliche Ausführungszeit von nur 39 μs. Darüber hinaus werden die Eigenschaften der verschiedenen Methoden in Bezug auf das Training und die Implementierung der neuronalen Netze innerhalb verschiedener industrieller Steuerungen diskutiert.
Entwicklung und Einsatz von Codegenerierungssoftware zur Effizienzsteigerung bei der Prozessanlagenautomatisierung
Authors: Detje Johannes Siljas , Meißner Jan-Eric , Stolpmann Alexander
Published: February 2022

Die Programmierung von SPS-Systemen erfolgt hauptsächlich händisch, obwohl große Teile des Programmcodes sehr ähnlich sind und sich häufig nur durch die eingesetzten Variablen unterscheiden. Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Entwicklung und Testung einer Codegenerierungssoftware für das TIA Portal, um den Zeitaufwand der Programmierung zu reduzieren und Flüchtigkeitsfehler zu vermeiden.
Warum wir ein Security-Engineering-Informationsmodell brauchen
Authors: Taştan Emre , Fluchs Sarah , Rainer Drath
Published: February 2022

Security ist eine der größten Herausforderungen bei der industriellen Digitalisierung und der Einführung von Internettechnologien. Während die funktionale Sicherheit tief in die Entwicklung von Produkten oder Prozessen integriert ist, ist dies bei der Security nicht der Fall. Security-Engineering muss sich also – analog zur funktionalen Sicherheit – in den bestehenden und sich gerade stark verändernden Automation-Engineering-Prozess eingliedern, vor allem muss es aber für Automatisierungsingenieure effizient durchführbar sein. Dieser Beitrag begründet den Bedarf an einem Security-Engineering-Modell und berichtet über die laufenden Arbeiten zu den Anwendungsfällen und einem Modellierungsansatz mit AutomationML.
Entwicklung eines Werkzeugs und des Prozesses für das automatisierte Schaben von Metalloberflächen
Authors: Eberle Simon , Oßwald Kai
Published: February 2022

Das Schaben ist ein Verfahren zur Bearbeitung metallischer Oberflächen und wird bislang ausschließlich manuell angewendet. Der Beitrag handelt von der Entwicklung eines Werkzeugs und des Prozesses für das Schaben von Metalloberflächen. Das im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojekts entwickelte Vorsatzwerkzeug zum Anbau an eine standardisierte CNC-Fräsmaschine bietet unter der Verwendung eines ebenfalls entwickelten Softwaretools die Möglichkeit das Verfahren unabhängig von spezialisierten Fachkräften durchführen zu können. Des Weiteren kann durch die Automation des Verfahrens eine höhere Produktivität realisiert werden. Der Beitrag geht neben dem aktuellen Stand der Technik intensiv auf die Eigenschaften des Vorsatzwerkzeugs, die Entwicklung eines notwendigen spezifischen Softwaretools sowie auf die Qualifizierung des Systems ein. Abschließend werden die gewonnen Ergebnisse in die Thematik eingeordnet und weiteres Forschungspotential ausgewiesen.
Anwendungsfälle und Konzeptentwicklung eines Pedelec-Prüfstandes
Authors: Weickert Thomas , Götzmann Walter
Published: February 2022

Die Fakultät für Elektrotechnik der Hochschule Mannheim hat ein Leitprojekt Elektromobilität initiiert, in dessen Rahmen u.a. ein Prüfstand für elektrisch unterstützte Fahrräder, die sogenannten Pedelecs, entwickelt werden soll. Mit dem Prüfstand und seiner Entwicklung sollen zum einen Studierende an das Thema Elektromobilität herangeführt werden, andererseits sollen den Studierenden praxisnahe Arbeiten begleitend zu Vorlesungen ermöglicht werden. Dabei soll der Prüfstand aber auch tatsächliche Anforderungen der Zweirad-Industrie adressieren. Der Posterbeitrag trägt zunächst Anwendungsfälle für Pedelec-Prüfstände zusammen. Darauf aufbau-end werden Anforderungen für den Prüfstandsaufbau sowie benötigte Betriebsmodi abgeleitet.
PERAN ORANG TUA TENTANG ERUPSI GIGI GERAHAM PERTAMA PERMANEN DENGAN PREVALENSI KARIES GIGI GERAHAM PERTAMA PERMANEN
Authors: Prasetyowati Silvia , Febriasari Nur Fitri , Nuratni Ni Ketut
Published: February 2022

Backgrounds : The most people still faces problem of cavities or caries. School age children is one of vulnerable to caries, because most still have knowledge and behavior that less against dental caries. The first molar permanent teeth are the most commonly carious teeth in children and teenagers. Problems in this study is the high prevalence of caries on the molar teeth first permanent students class I-VI at SDN Mojo III Surabaya in 2019. Objective : To analyze the relationship between the role of parents about first molar permanent eruption with prevalence caries first molar permanent students class I-VI at SDN Mojo III Surabaya in 2019. Methods : This research used analytical survey method with cross sectional approach, it means the study analyzed the relationship between variable without the treatment by researcher. The total Error! Reference source not found.number of the research is 87 students. Instrument used in this research was questionnaire to knowing the role of parents and to kowing caries of first molar permanent using the sheets. Technique of data analysis using SPSS program with Chi-Square test. Conclusion : There is correlation between the role of parents about first molar permanent eruption with prevalence caries first molar permanent students class I-VI at SDN Mojo III Surabaya in 2019
SIFAT ANTIMIKROBA KOMBINASI SENYAWA KIMIA ANTARA EKSTRAK DAUN LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera L) DENGAN DAUN SIRIH (Piper bettle L) TERHADAP BAKTERI STREPTOCOCUS MUTANS PENYEBAB DENTAL PLAK
Authors: Swastini I Gusti Agung Ayu Putu , Dharmawati I Gusti Agung Ayu , Kencana I Gede Surya , Sirat Ni Made
Published: February 2022

Background: Plants that are medical and used for generations are aloe vera and betel leaf, which contain natural chemical and have antimicrobial and antiseptic properties.Objective: The purpose of this study was to calculate the growth inhibition zone of Streptococcus mutans by using the interaction of aloe vera extract and betel leaf, with a concentration of 50%, 75%, 100%.Method: This research was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory of Udayana University using a pure experimental method of extracts of Aloe vera leaves and betel leaves with concentrations of 50%, 75%, 100%, seven repetitions, using Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668, and isolation media for Mueller Hilton plus 5 % goat blood.Results: The average inhibition zone diameter in the interaction groups of aloe vera extract and betel leaf in each group was statistically significant difference (p 0.05), where the inhibitory concentration with the highest 100% concentration was an average of 82.6 mm with very strong criteria.Conclusion: The interaction of aloe vera leaf extract and betel leaf with a concentration of 100% has the highest inhibitory power of 82.6 mm, with very strong criteria.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Dengan Perilaku Perawat Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Medis Di Rumah Sakit Daerah Mangusada Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Pradnyana I Gusti Ngurah Gede , Bulda Mahayana I Made
Published: February 2022

Abstract Activity hospitals generate waste in the form solid, liquid and gas that contain phatogen and harmful chemical. To improve the quality of services needs to be improved means to cope with waste. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of  knowledge and the attitude to the behavior of nurses in the management of medical waste. This study used cross-sectional study design with sample of 96 nurses who served in Emergency Unit and Operation Room. The data analysis using Chi-Square statistical test. Based on the results of the study, 61 people (63.5%) had good knowledge, 38 people (39.6%) had positive attitude and 59 people (61.5%) had good behavior. The statistic result of research showed that there was relationship between knowledge with the behavior of nurses (CC = 76.011, sig= 0.000) and attitude with the behavior of nurses (CC=15.381, sig-0.000). It can be conclude that there is a relantionship between knowledge with behavior of  the nurse and relantionship between attitude with behavior of nurses in the management of medical waste. Hospital that is programmed in carrying out extension and training management of medical waste to nurse. Hospital to provide facilities and infrastructure that is adequate and available standard operating procedures for medical personnel about managemment of  medical waste Keywords: knowledge, attitude, behavior, medical waste
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan, Sikapdengan Tindakan Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (Apd) Petugas Kebersihan Di Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Gianyartahun 2020
Authors: Ayu Desiani Ni Komang , Rusminingsih Ni Ketut , Purna I Nyoman
Published: February 2022

Abstrack.In maintaining and maintaining the cleanliness of the urban environment especially the cleanliness of the highway, the city government must be supported by optimal resources, including human resources or cleaning workers who are the spearhead in urban cleanliness especially the cleanliness of the highway environment in the 8 research routes. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of knowledge levels, attitudes and actions of use personal protective equipment cleaning staff at the Department of the Environment of Gianyar Regency in 2020. The type of research in this study is an observational research method with a cross sectional analysis approach. The number of samples in this study were 82 janitors. The sample in this study used the Cluster Random Sampling technique because researchers randomized from a large population. Test statistics using Chi Square. The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge and actions of janitors about the use of personal protective equipment (p=0.019), and there was a relationship between attitudes and actions of janitors about the use of personal protective equipment (p=0.031). The conclusion in this study is that there is a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes with the use of personal protective equipment cleaning officers in the Environmental Service of Gianyar Regency.
Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan, Peranan Guru, Ketersediaan Sarana Dan Tindakan Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Novayanti Ni Luh Wayan Hanny , Suyasa I Nyoman Gede
Published: February 2022

Washing hands with soap is an effort to prevent disease. The focus of this wash your hands with soap is school children as agents of change for better health behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge, the role of the teacher, the availability of facilities and the action of washing hands with soap in Primary school  Negeri 5 Pedungan in 2020. This research was a descriptive study. The number of samples taken was 34 students. Sampling using systematic random sampling. Data collection was carried out with a questionnaire for the level of knowledge, the role of the teacher and a check list for the availability of facilities and hand washing measures. The results showed that 31 students already had a good knowledge of hand washing and 3 students had enough. For the role of the teacher in the act of washing hands in students get 33 students from 34 students in the good category and only 1 student in the sufficient category. For the availability of facilities in Primary school Negeri 5 Pedungan, 3 main criteria are available. The 7 steps of hand washing from 34 students get 12 students categorized as good, 19 students categorized as sufficient and 3 students categorized as lacking. It is recommended for students to apply clean and healthy living behaviors, especially washing hands with soap in everyday life.