bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feature Extraction Techniques to Analyze Competitive Exam Result Data to Improvise Educational Policies
Authors: Richa Richa , Singh Jyoti
Published: January 2024

The increase in e-learning resources and online facilities for applications, examinations and evaluations has generated huge amount of data in educational field. As quality of education plays vital role in development of individuals, this work aims at analyzing the quantity as well as quality of education district wise, in a state, by utilizing a competitive exam result database. In some district, the results may be better quantitatively, while in others, number of students cleared may be less, but scores may be higher. The aim is to understand the strength and weakness of existing educational infrastructure and how to bring up its level in rural districts, thus helping policymakers to reform and improvise. The collected database undergoes pre-processing phase to ensure its quality and feature engineering is done for missing values, data validation, inconsistencies, data dependencies and outliers. Data inconsistency is handled to ensure data integrity and reliability. Outliers are detected and removed to avoid skewing the predictions on examination results. Machine learning and deep learning models will be applied to Exam-result database to analyse and extract valuable insights. This knowledge can aid in optimizing resource allocation, improving policies to enhance overall educational outcomes and implementing targeted interventions. The accurate predictions generated from this work can help to identify applicants’ risk of underperforming and can provide personalized support Key Words: Feature extraction, Information retrieval, Classification, Data pre-processing, Data analysis, Education assessment, Correlation analysis, Skewness, Kurtosis, KNN algorithm, Gaussian Naïve Bayes algorithm, Bernoulli Naïve Bayes algorithm
Bridging the Gap Between Quantum Computing and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Thakare Pratik Manoj
Published: January 2024

Quantum machine learning (QML) holds the potential to transform various industries, yet its widespread adoption faces formidable challenges. This paper provides a condensed exploration of these challenges and opportunities. I delve into: • Hardware Limitations: Present quantum computers are constrained in qubit count and gate quality, posing obstacles to real-world QML implementation. We dissect the implications of these limitations on QML computations. • Error Correction: Quantum systems are prone to errors stemming from hardware noise and gate imperfections. We scrutinize the strategies to mitigate these errors and enhance QML accuracy. • Algorithm Development: The evolution of QML algorithms is examined, including computational complexity issues and adaptability to noisy quantum hardware. then pivot to recent developments in quantum hardware, which are not only addressing these challenges but also generating new prospects: • Addressing Challenges: Increased qubit counts and improved qubit quality empower quantum computers to tackle complex real-world problems, with reduced noise and enhanced scalability. • Contributing to Opportunities: Recent hardware advancements have catalyzed the creation of efficient quantum algorithms and the exploration of novel quantum applications in healthcare, finance, and materials science. • Creating Opportunities: Quantum computing, with its unique capabilities, has the potential to unlock scientific and engineering discoveries unattainable through classical computing, ushering in a new era of innovation across diverse industries. As quantum hardware continues to advance, these developments are poised to shape the future of quantum machine learning and its profound impact on society.
Beyond Stones: A Chronicle of Evolution in Islamic Tomb Architecture in India, Culminating in the Timeless Grandeur of the Taj Mahal
Authors:   Associate Professor, BMS School of Architecture, Anil Ar. Seema
Published: January 2024

This research paper meticulously traces the evolution of Islamic tomb architecture in India, from its early manifestations to the zenith embodied by the Taj Mahal. Beginning with the construction of the Tomb of Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad (Sultan Ghari) in A.D. 1231, attributed to Shams- ud-Din Iltutmish, the paper unveils the genesis of tomb architecture in India, with distinct elements reflecting Hindu influence. The exploration progresses to Iltutmish's innovative phase, exemplified by the Tomb of Shams-ud-Din Iltutmish (A.D. 1235), strategically positioned near the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque. The introduction of the 'squinch' technique exemplifies a pioneering quest for dome construction techniques during this phase. The Tughlaqs' experimental era, witnessed through Ghias ud Din Tughlaq and Firuz Shah Tughlaq's tombs, reveals challenges in achieving widespread appeal due to stunted domes. The Lodis then emerge as pioneers with Sikandar Lodi's Tomb, introducing typological differentiations with octagonal and square plans, catering to distinct societal strata. Key innovations, such as the introduction of the double dome seen in Shihab-ud-din-Taj's tomb and Sikandar Lodi's tomb, become pivotal architectural features, addressing challenges of height and proportions. Regional variations, as seen in the Eklakhi Tomb in Bengal, Ibrahim Rauza reflecting Bahamani style, and Golgumbaz's remarkable square plan, underscore the impact of climatic considerations and regional aesthetics. Culminating in the Taj Mahal, the paper meticulously dissects its architectural features, showcasing the intricate layout, translucent white marble, and innovative use of a double dome. This exploration provides a comprehensive understanding of the cultural, technological, and artistic tapestry that defines Islamic tomb architecture in India. Key Words: Islamic Tomb Architecture, Taj Mahal, Double Dome, Regional Variations
From Temples to Theaters: Unveiling the Layers of Life in Classical Greece and Rome through Architectural Typologies
Authors:   Associate Professor, BMS School of Architecture, Anil Ar. Seema
Published: January 2024

This research comprehensively explores the architectural legacies of Ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, delving into the innovative concepts of order in Greek architecture and the classical orders of Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. The Parthenon, an iconic Greek temple, serves as an exemplar of these orders, highlighting aesthetic and structural ideals. Beyond temples, Greek architecture embraces diverse typologies like marketplaces, theaters, palaestrae, bouleuterions, and auditoriums. Shifting focus to Roman civilization renowned for grandeur and gladiatorial spectacles, the paper examines architectural contributions and monumental structures, exemplified by the Pantheon's innovative material usage and dome construction. The exploration extends to various Roman typologies, including theaters, amphitheaters, thermae, and aqueducts, revealing the multifaceted nature of Roman urban planning. Chronologically tracing Greek architectural evolution, the paper examines the Parthenon's construction and refinements. Greek typologies such as theaters, agora, stoae, palaestra, and bouleuterion are scrutinized for cultural significance and civic importance. Transitioning to Roman architectural developments, the paper highlights contributions, innovations, and monumental structures defining Roman civilization. Roman thermae and aqueducts emerge as engineering marvels, underscoring sophistication in public spaces. Surviving structures in the Roman Forum symbolize Roman achievements. This exploration aims to unravel intricate connections between the built environment and socio-cultural, political, and economic dynamics in both ancient societies. The legacy of Greek and Roman architecture, seen in temples, public spaces, and cultural hubs, leaves an indelible mark on history, offering insights into collective identities and aspirations of classical antiquity. Key Words: Architectural Legacies, Classical Orders, Greek Typologies, Roman Urban Planning, Socio-cultural Dynamics
Transformers in Sign Language Translation: An In-Depth Overview
Authors:   Computer Engineering Department, GS Moze College of Engineering, Pune (India), Kumar Professor Rahul
Published: January 2024

In recent years, Sign Language Translation has gained significant attention which aims to reduce the communication barrier between deaf and hearing communities. In this paper, we briefly outline Sign Language recognition and Sign Language Translation and provide a detailed analysis of the Transformer model. In this survey paper, we examine the core issues in Sign Language Translation and put forth potential directions for its development. Keywords: Sign Language translation, Transformers
A REVIEW ON ELECTRIC VEHICLE
Authors:   (Department of Electric and Electronics engineering) HIET Group of Institutions, Shahpur, Kumar Rishav
Published: January 2024

Plug-in hybrid electrics vehicles (PHEVs) have been extensively studied, and advancements in power electrics and energy storage have made them quite competitive with traditional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). By using optimized control strategies and energy management systems (EMS), PHEVs can become even more efficient. In my own words, PHEVs are vehicles that combine the benefits of electric and gasoline power to provide a good driving range and fuel economy. Battery and super capacitor technologies are also being explored to increase the energy capacity of PHEVs. It's exciting to see how these advancements are shaping thefuture of transportation
The effectiveness of birth ball exercise on the progression of the first stage of labor
Authors: Sukmanawati Dera , Nurasiah Ai , Rismayanty Sudrajat Indri
Published: January 2024

Background: Prolonged labor is a significant contributor to maternal mortality rates. Various interventions have been attempted to reduce the incidence of prolonged labor, including the use of the birth ball method.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of birth ball exercises on the progression of the first stage of labor.Methods: We employed a quasi-experimental design with a posttest-only control group. The sample consisted of 30 mothers giving birth at Cibingbin Primary Health Care, with each group containing 15 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: In the intervention group, all mothers experienced a normal progression of birth during the active phase of the first stage of labor, with an average labor duration of 5.70 hours. Conversely, in the control group, the majority (53.3%) experienced an abnormal progression of birth, with an average labor duration of 9.67 hours. The results indicated a significant difference in mean labor duration of 3.97 hours, demonstrating the birth ball’s effect on the progression of birth (p-value < 0.001).Conclusion: Birth ball exercises are a promising intervention for improving the progression of birth during childbirth. Therefore, these exercises can be implemented during normal labor. It is advisable that these exercises are supervised and guided by trained midwives or nurses.
The Meaning Of Tabarruj In The Perspective Of Indonesian Mufasirs (Schleiermacher Hermeneutics Analysis)
Authors: Prasetiawati Eka
Published: January 2024

This article discusses tabarruj  from the perspective of Indonesian mufasirs. Nowadays, women are often considered tabarruj  when they leave the house adorned. However, not all women understand this. As a first step in contributing to the existing problems, we try to respond to the phenomenon with theological glasses, namely contextual interpretation of tabarruj  verses. However, we limit this research to QS. al Nur [24] : 31, QS. al Nur [24] : 60 and QS. al Ahzab [33] : 33 by Hamka and Bisri Mustafa. The method used is thematic method by making Schleiermacher's hermeneutics as the analysis knife. This research looks for how the Indonesian mufasir views tabarruj  and what if the interpretation is read through Schleiermacher's hermeneutic criticism. The result of this study is the concept of tabarruj  according to the interpretation of Hamka and Bisri Mustafa is that it does not stop at the meaning of adornment. But more than that, both of them present the context of adornment that should be done by a woman. So if you look at the current social setting in Indonesia, this interpretation is still relevant to be applied.
Two new records of free-living marine nematodes (Nematoda: Enoplida: Ironidae and Monhysterida: Xyalidae) from India
Authors:   Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India, Datta Ritika , Rizvi Anjum N. ,   Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India, C Raghunathan ,   Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India
Published: January 2024

Two species of free-living marine nematodes were collected from the intertidal areas of East Coast of India namely, Conilia sinensis Chen and Guo, 2015 and Corononema parvum Nicholas and Stewart, 1995, both species are new records for the Indian fauna. Previously, the genus Conilia Gerlach, 1956 was known from Santos Beach, South Japan, East China Sea and Korea. The genus Corononema Nicholas and Stewart, 1995 was known only from Australia and Thailand and very recently reported from off the coast of Vietnam. Both the genera are being reported for the first time from India. The species are described and photomicrographed.
Long-term effects of ambient particulate matter on hypertension among royal Thai army officers: a retrospective cohort study
Authors:   Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Outpatient Service, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand., Poobunjirdkul Sarun ,   Health Research and Management Program,Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Laorattapong Apisorn ,   Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Outpatient Service, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.,   Health Research and Management Program,Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Rattananupong Thanapoom ,   Health Research and Management Program,Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Jiamjarasrangsi Wiroj ,   Health Research and Management Program,Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: January 2024

Recent research on the link between exposure to ambient particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter up to 2.5 microns (PM2.5) and hypertension risk has primarily concentrated on spatial variation (or between-individual comparisons). Research into temporal variations (or within-individual comparisons over time) has largely been neglected. This study sought to examine the spatial–temporal effects of long-term exposure to PM2.5 on hypertension risk among military personnel in Thailand. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, encompassing 40,984 Royal Thai Army officers from 400 army units stationed across 51 provinces in Thailand. Medical check-up data from 2018 to 2021 were analyzed alongside ambient PM2.5 data from 2015 to 2017, sourced from the Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency. Two parameters, PM2.5-baseline and PM2.5-change, were introduced to assess the impact of spatial and temporal PM2.5 variations on hypertension incidence. Cox proportional hazard regression was used, with hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) serving as the measure of association. The association between PM2.5-baseline and hypertension incidence yielded hazard ratios in Quartiles 2 to 4 compared to Quartile 1 of: Q2 HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.10–1.28; Q3 HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02–1.20; Q4 HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05–1.22. Additionally, the PM2.5-change showed a J-shaped association with hypertension incidence. Our findings underscore the role of both temporal and spatial factors in hypertension development and highlight the necessity for comprehensive investigations into the causal relationship between PM2.5 exposure and hypertension risk. They also provide valuable insights for devising effective strategies to mitigate the adverse health impacts of PM2.5 pollution.
KEBAHAGIAAN PERNIKAHAN DITINJAU DARI PROBELAMTIKA NUSYUZ PERSPEKTIF SYEH NAWAWI AL-BANTANI
Authors: Tsalits Fahami
Published: January 2024

Happiness is something that is a goal, a hope that every human being wants to achieve. And when his goals and expectations are achieved, he will feel satisfied, happy and happy. Marriage certainly aims to achieve happiness, because it is impossible for a couple who aims to get married to be unhappy. Then every human being will compete to achieve a happiness, one of which is to get married. Sheikh Nawawi Al-Bantani explained that nusyuz that occurs in the household, the husband should first explain what his wife has done (nusyuz). Explain to the wife about the rights of the wife to the husband and the rights to the wife. The way to deal with it is not arbitrary. Although the study of nusyuz fiqh focuses on the wife's position, it does not rule out the possibility that the husband also performs nusyuz. Marriage will lead to happiness when the couple is able to adapt to a series of household problems that they go through. Nusyuz often occurs due to a lack of communication between husband and wife, so quality communication and a strong marital commitment are needed to be able to enjoy marital happiness.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Digital terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Yeni Dewi Fitri , Rahmatika Desi , Muriani Muriani , Armi Eka Putri Desi
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to be able to determine the effect of using media on student learning outcomes as well as researchers so that they can create fun and interesting student learning situations. The effect of using digital learning media on student learning outcomes is a qualitative research method. The author uses a research method in the form of Literature Review or literature review. If the media carries messages or information that is instructional or contains learning purposes, then the media is called learning media. but what is necessary from the teaching objectives that have been formulated. With that learning objectives should be used as a reference for the use of learning media
Perspektif Pendidikan Islam dalam Kitab Waṣaya Al Aba’ Lil Abna’ untuk Membentuk Karakter Santri
Authors: Shofiyah Lailatul , Ma’arif Jauharu , Mamu’ah Aya
Published: January 2024

The perspective of Islamic education in the study of the book Waṣãyã Al Ãbã' Lil Abnã' to shape the character of the students, where in the study of the book explains about manners which are transformed into advice about morality. Knowing How the Concept and Implementation of Islamic Education in the Book "Waṣãyã Al Ãbã' Lil Abnã'" To Shape the Character of the Santri, The method used in this research uses a type of Field Research, data collection is done by observation, interview and documentation. This study uses the data analysis model of Hiles and Huberman. The results of this study show that the book Waṣãyã Al Ãbã' Lil Abnã' is a book that is relevant to the formation of the character or morals of students, as seen from the concept of Islamic education in the book as adab seeking knowledge, rights and obligations towards Allah and His Messenger, so that the concept is applied through the activities of the students in the boarding school.
Inovasi Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Berbasis Digital di MI Mambaul Ulum Dagan Lamongan
Authors: Husnah Lilik Aisatul , Maimanah Syukh Batul , Salsabila Ziyana Walida
Published: January 2024

In the world of education, of course there is no escape from learning, where learning is the assistance provided by educators so that the process of acquiring knowledge and knowledge, mastering skills and habits and forming attitudes and beliefs in students can occur. To make this happen, there needs to be innovative learning. This means learning that uses new, creative methods and prioritizes critical thinking. The aim of innovative learning is to develop students' ability to think independently, creatively and innovatively so that students can produce new ideas, solve problems and apply knowledge in their lives. This innovative learning is implemented. Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level students in class 2B memorize mufrodat using digital-based facilities, namely using a television connected to the internet, so that students do not feel bored and also use the singing method. Meanwhile, the method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method in the form of collecting information. As for the reality, the teacher actually applies a digital-based singing method using a television connected to the internet so that students are very enthusiastic about learning and can memorize mufrodat very easily.
Partisipasi Stakeholder dalam Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Islam di Pesantren
Authors: Sholeh Muh Ibnu , Fathurro’uf Muhammad , Sokip Sokip , Syafi’i Asrop , ’Azah Nur , Andayani Dwi
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the obstacles and challenges in involving stakeholders in developing the Islamic education curriculum in Islamic boarding schools, how stakeholders contribute to each stage of the curriculum development process and recommendations for Islamic boarding schools and educational development policies related to the Islamic education curriculum in Islamic boarding schools. The method used in this research is the library research method, data was obtained from various sources such as scientific journals, books, seminar papers and other publications both offline and online. The data analysis model consists of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that obstacles and challenges that may arise include differences in views and priorities, limited time and resources, inequality of representation, technical challenges, politics and personal interests, lack of effective communication, resistance to change, and intimidation of results. Stakeholders contribute to each stage of the curriculum development process by identifying needs and objectives, designing materials and learning, selecting learning and evaluation methods, testing and assessing, and revising and adjusting. Recommendations for Islamic boarding schools and educational policies related to curriculum development include increasing stakeholder involvement, forming a curriculum development team, openness to innovation, and integrating religious values. For education policy, apart from support and recognition, development of training stakeholders, provision of resources, support for research and innovation and partnerships with Islamic boarding schools.
Pendekatan Komunikatif David Nunan (Studi Kasus dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Markas Bahasa Arab Pondok Pesantren Banyuanyar Pamekasan)
Authors: Mabrurrosi Mabrurrosi , Aziz Lutfi , Ruji Ruji
Published: January 2024

The Communicative Approach, also known as communicative language teaching (CLT), emphasizes interaction and problem solving as both a means and an end goal of learning a particular language. This approach emphasizes role-playing activities such as language learning activities in pairs and language learning in certain groups. This results in the transfer of the role and focus of learning from teacer oriented to student oriented, namely students as the main focus and active actors of learning. The implementation of Arabic learning at the Arabic language headquarters of the Banyuanyar Islamic boarding school has largely been in accordance with the communitive approach initiated by David Nunan
Dinamika Perubahan dalam Komunikasi Manusia di Era Teknologi Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ramadhina Najwa , Jason Frey , Pratama Muhammad Fajar , Raihan Luke Azfa , Al Mufti Syifin , Meranti Meranti
Published: January 2024

Di era teknologi saat ini perkembangan teknologi dimanfaatkan untuk memberikan kemudahan dalam pekerjaan dan memenuhi kebutuhan manusia. Perkembangan teknologi juga dimanfaatkan dalam aspek pendidikan, teknologi yang sedang dikembangkan saat ini yaitu sistem cerdas. Sistem cerdas merupakam sistem kendali yang memiliki kecerdasan layaknya manusia dan melibatkan kecerdasan buatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kajian literatur dengan document-based dan internet- based research sebagai acuan data yang akan dibahas dan dikaji sesuai dengan pertanyaan penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori pertukaran sosial. Teknologi AI semakin berkembang dengan pesat dan dapat mengancam karir manusia. Pekerjaan atau profesi yang bisa digantikan oleh AI adalah pekerjaan administrasi, produksi, dan pelayanan pelanggan. Selain itu, teknologi AI dapat melakukan tugas yang berulang, kompleks, dan membutuhkan analisis data dalam jumlah besar secara lebih efisien dan akurat dibandingkan manusia.
Mapping the Behaviour of Users in Self-Organising Urban Systems, their Form, Structure and Function - A Case of Lizulu Horticulture Market, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Authors: Kalinso Chibesa
Published: January 2024

Open-air markets (OAMs) in Africa have a higher prevalence where they are said to be critical in Africa's consumer packaged goods industry, accounting for over 90% of revenue for most consumerpackaged goods manufacturers. Under the systems approach, Open-air markets (OAM) are subsystems of systems in a city or town's urban system having form, structure, and function and are classified as either organized or self-organized systems, with the majority being self-organized systems. In Malawi, self-organized markets, in particular Lizulu Horticulture market, are frequently at the centre of government-vendor confrontations. Government attempts to manage shifts and changes within and the development of self-organized markets have resulted in market abandonment. The aforementioned issues point to the problem that this study aims to address: there is a lack of contextual and behavioural study of consumers inside self-organized marketplaces, from an architectural and urban design perspective. This paper conducts a thorough investigation of selforganized systems, utilizing the Lizulu Horticulture Markets as a case study, in order to comprehend the form, structure and function of self-organised markets as a solution to the aforementioned problem. The in-depth study is undertaken by; 1) analysing and surveying the site using paper-based methods and digital methods using GIS geological analytical software; 2) studying and mapping of architectural structures on-site using paper-based methods and digital methods using architectural and urban planning mapping and analytical software ArchGIS, ArchiCAD, DepthmapX and; 3) observing and mapping the behaviour of users in the market using paper-based method and digital space mapping software DepthmapX. Findings reveal that Lizulu Horticulture market is clearly a self-organizing structure. When a system occurs naturally, it still develops its own structure, form, and functions. The findings further reveal multiple linkages between elements of form, structure and function, showing how these are connected and interconnected even in a self-organizing system. Without the interaction of elements in the form and structure of a self-organizing system, there are no functional interrelations.
GÁLIUM APARÍNE O’SIMLIGINING AYRIM SIFAT VA MIQDOR KO’RSATKICHLARI
Authors: Xojimatova Dilnoza Sultonmurodovna
Published: January 2024

Gálium aparíne  (Chakamug’) o’simligining xalq tabobatida o’t ajralishini kuchaytirishi, spazmolitik, antiallergik va shamollashga qarshi ta’sir qilishi, o’t qopi tonusini normallashtirishi, oshqozon bezlari va oshqozon funktsiyasini faollashtirishi hamda organizmdan turli xil o’t pigmentlarini va toksinlarning chiqarilishini tezlashtirishi kabi foydali xususiyatlari yuqori ekanligi adabiyotlar sharhidan o’rganildi. Gálium aparíne   o’simligining namlik miqdorini aniqlash XI DF  talablariga muvofiq olib borildi. Olib borgan tadqiqotimiz natijasida, Gálium aparíne   o’simligida 7,1 % namlik ko’rsatkichlari aniqlandi. Ushbu namliklar qo’yilgan talablarga to’la mos kelishi tajribalar asosida isbotlandi.
XALQ TABOBATIDA ISHLATILINADIGAN TABIIY MINERAL TUZLARNING TIBBIYOTDA AHAMIYATI
Authors: Raximova Erkinoy Egamberdiyevna , Jalilov Fazliddin Sodiqovich
Published: January 2024

Qadim zamonlardan beri odamlar dengizning shifobaxsh kuchini bilishadi. Dengiz suvining ajoyib xususiyatlari haqida miloddan avvalgi V asrda yashagan Evripid va bir asrdan keyin odamlarni davolagan Gippokrat. Mashhur faylasuf Aflotun bunga amin edi. Dengiz suvi istisnosiz barcha inson kasalliklarini davolashga qodir va bu allaqachon dengizda ekanligini isbotlagan, zamonaviy ilmiy tadqiqotlar bilan tasdiqlangan.Qadimgi yunon tilida "galit" so'zi bir vaqtning o'zida tuz va dengizni anglatardi va buning ajablanarli joyi yo'q, chunki dengiz tuzlari xalq tabobatida keng miqyosida xalq tabobatida turli xil kasalliklarida foydalanib kelinmoqda.
In-silico studies on structural function of ampk through docking approach toward design drug for atherosclerosis
Authors:   College of science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali city, Rwanda., Dieudonne Mutangana
Published: January 2024

Atherosclerosis poses significant health risks, driving cardiovascular issues like heart attacks and strokes. Shortage of appropriate pathophysiological models and a suitable algorithm for the discovery of drugs and para-pharmaceuticals with direct anti-atherosclerotic action are major barriers to the effective pathogenetic medication for atherosclerosis. This study focused on using bioinformatics tools and molecular docking techniques to identify novel molecular agonists for the Activated Monophosphate Kinase (AMPK) enzyme via the AMPK/PP2A/NF-κB/LOX-1 pathway. Virtual screening and molecular docking were performed for activation and phosphorylation of AMPK and stimulation of Protein Phosphostase-2A (PP2A) which results in down-regulation of lectin-like oxLDL (LOX-1) receptor to reduce the internalization of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Enkephalin (ZINC000014952116) emerged as a potent AMPK agonist, triggering a cascade of interactions leading to reduced LOX-1 expression and which inhibits the Nuclear Factor kappa betta (NF-κβ) transcriptional activity for inflammatory atherosclerosis.
A molecular dynamics study of AZD4573 and Roscovitine as two potent inhibitors of cyclin dependent kinase 9
Authors:   Department of Hematology, University of Mohammed V Souissi, Rabat, Morocco., Hamza Siyar
Published: January 2024

The cyclin dependent kinase 9(CDK9) was confirmed in several malignancies, notably those brought on by the dysregulation of the transcriptional elongation and mRNA maturation processes, have made CDK9 an appealing therapeutic target. The creation of selective CDK9 inhibitors continues to be extremely difficult due to the great homology of these CDKs in the catalytic domain. In this work we present two potential inhibitors, AZD4573 and Roscovitine, to detect potential binding between these compounds and the protein. These two compounds are in different experimental phases. AZD4573 were able to establish hydrogen bond with Asn154 and Asp167 with several hydrophobic bonds in the complex formed. Using the assistance of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the mechanism and dynamic stability of the interaction between the investigated chemicals and CDK9 were identified. It is strongly advised to consider these drug candidates as potential treatments, and we propose conducting in vivo trials to experimentally validate our findings.
The combination of ATR-FTIR and chemometrics for discrimination of Red Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Var Rubrum) oil in West Sumatra and its antioxidant activity
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Kampus Limau Manis, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia, Hamidi Dachriyanus
Published: January 2024

Their origin influences the chemical components and pharmacological action of essential oils. This study aimed to classify red ginger oil (RGO) based on its FTIR spectra combined with chemometrics and determine its antioxidant activity. Fresh red ginger rhizomes were collected from six West Sumatra regions and extracted using hydrodistillation. ATR-FTIR and Chemometrics were used to classify the oil, and its antioxidant activity was tested using various methods. The study found that RGO was golden yellow with a unique odor, and it had a yield range of 0.52% - 0.86%, a specific gravity of 0.83-0.94 g/ml, a refractive index of 1.4834 – 1.4880, and an optical rotation value of -36.382. However, all RGO samples had low antioxidant activity. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that RGO can be separated based on the altitude of the growing locations at the wavenumber 2000-400 cm-1. Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) revealed three clusters of RGO: I; Solok, II; Kamang Magek and Batusangkar, III; Dharmasraya, Pesisir Selatan, and Pasaman Barat, with different FTIR fingerprints. In conclusion, red ginger oil from different parts of West Sumatra has unique metabolite profiling and low antioxidant activity levels.
Correlation between plaque maturity and white spot lesions on teeth during orthodontic fixed appliances treatment
Authors:   Department of Orthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, Bahirrah Siti
Published: January 2024

The main factor in the occurrence of white spot lesions on fixed orthodontic appliances is the difficulty in performing good oral hygiene. The pH of the dental biofilm becomes low due to the presence of fermentable carbohydrates, thereby accelerating the accumulation and maturation of dental plaque. This study aimto determine the relationship between plaque maturity and white spot lesions on teeth with fixed orthodontic appliances.The research design was observational analytic using digital photographs of the six upper anterior teeth of 70 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment at Teeth and Mouth Teaching Hospital Universitas Sumatera Utara. The six upper anterior teeth were given the three-tone disclosing agent to check the level of plaque maturation. The staining of the plaque is cleaned to examine the level of the white spot lesion. The examination was carried out from the intraoral photograph of the patient by dividing the four areas of the tooth surface. The Kruskal Wallis test to see the difference in the level of maturity of the six upper teeth has a significant difference (p = 0.026). Statistically, there is no relationship between plaque maturity and white spot lesions on the six upper anterior teeth (p= 0.162). In this study, the central incisor teeth have a greater chance of developing white spot lesions than other teeth (23.93%). White spot lesions on the use of fixed orthodontic appliances can form, one of which is due to plaque, but there was no significant relationship in the study.
Development and validation of stability indicating RP-HPLC method for estimation of cyclandelate in bulk drug and capsule dosage form
Authors:   Xylopia Labs Private Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Patel Binit
Published: January 2024

For the quantification of Cyclandelate (CYL) in bulk medication and capsule dosage form in the presence of degradation products, a quick, accurate, and simple RP-HPLC method was devised. On the Phenomenex Luna C18 (250 mm x 4.6mm, 5 m) column, effective chromatographic separation was accomplished. The separation was made simple by employing the Isocratic elution program with Acetonitrile and buffer pH 3.0 (0.1% Triethylamine in water followed by pH correction with Trifluoroacetic acid) in the ratio of 70:30 (%v/v) at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min, and an eluent was monitored at 220 nm. The degradation products were found to be isolated from the principal peak after being subjected to force degradation with acid, alkali, peroxide, thermal, and photolytic agents. The technique was linear in the range of 30-200 μg/mL, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9975. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 8.3 μg/mL and 25.1 μg/mL respectively. The presented method was validated for parameters such as system appropriateness, specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness. The robustness investigation was part of the validation research as well. The outcomes for every metric are acceptable by ICH standards. Therefore, the method can be considered to be rapid and accurate for high-throughput analysis of this drug even when degradation products are present.
The Effects of MK-801 on Apoptosis in a Traumatic Brain Injury Model in Rat Pups
Authors: Sayin Oya , Gurgen Seren Gülsen , Cigel Ayse
Published: January 2024

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an essential cause of morbidity and mortality during childhood. Trauma causes some changes that result in delayed and elongated damage known as secondary injury, which is characterized by neuronal apoptosis. Based on this information, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of MK-801, a competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, on apoptosis against hippocampal damage in rat pups after TBI. Forty-two, 10-day-old Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control, a Trauma, and Treatment groups, each having fourteen rats. TBI was created by blunt trauma model. MK-801, was injected intraperitoneally at the doses of 1 mg/kg of body weight immediately after induction of TBI. The hippocampus tissues were harvested 4 days after TBI. Then CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG) regions were evaluated in terms of immunoreactivity with BAX, cytochrome C, and caspase 3. Based on this evaluation, the control group showed weakly BAX and Cytochrome C immunoreactivities in hippocampus, but elevated reactions were observed in TBI group. Especially, it was determined that the cytochrome c immunoreactivity was granular form in the neurons of hippocampus DG region. In the Treatment group decreased BAX and Cytochrome C immunoreactivities. While a weak caspase-3 immunoreactivity was observed in control group, stronger immunoreactivity was determined both DG and CA1 region of hippocampus in TBI group. In the Treatment group, caspase-3 immunoreactivity decreased in hippocampus region when compared to TBI group. Our results showed that treatment with MK-801 may significantly decreased apoptosis through BAX, Cytochrome C and caspase-3 pathway.
Two Cases of Left Hip Heterotopic Ossification Treated with Surgery and their Outcomes Postoperatively
Authors: Freimane Katrina , Movcans Jevgenijs , Plotnikovs Konstantins , Makovskis Vladislavs Nikolajs
Published: January 2024

52-year-old woman was admitted to Trauma and Orthopedics department (TOD) due to septic arthritis (SA) in left hip joint (LHJ). Patient underwent three consecutive open debridement procedures. During the treatment, an intracerebral hematoma was discovered. Upon rehabilitation patient indicated severe pain in LHJ that impaired movement. Three months after admission CT showed heterotopic ossification (HO) in LHJ. Patient was recommended to complete treating postinfectious complications and refer to TOD for further evaluation and discussing treatment options. Five months after the first presentation, complete mechanical block could be seen in LHJ due to HO. Open left hip ossificate resection and LHJ redressation were performed. During procedure significant increase in range of motion (ROM) was obtained. Iatrogenic transection of the femoral nerve occurred and was treated surgically. After surgery, patient was subjected to early rehabilitation and later forwarded to rehabilitation department. Increase of active and passive ROM remained. 34-year-old man was admitted to TOD due to polytrauma, including multiple hip and acetabular fractures. Patient underwent three surgical interventions due to fractures. Month after admission, postoperative deep tissue infection in the fracture and Covid-19 were discovered and treated. Two years later, patient returned to TOD complaining about significant impairment of ROM in LHJ due to HO, which was surgically removed. Surgical treatment is rarely chosen for treatment of HO since alleviation of pain is not worth the risks, and HO can reoccur, preferring treatment with exercise and indomethacin, but when a significant increase of ROM is expected, surgical treatment is justified. These case reports show how surgical treatment of HO with mixed origin in patients with good expected outcomes and high involvement in their own rehabilitation should be at least considered. It is important to emphasize both pre and postoperative rehabilitation and prophylaxis.
Redox State and Biogenic Elements in Osteoporosis with Different Localization
Authors: Tomova Radka , Asenova Svetla , Atanasova Lilia , Nestorova Rodina , Atanasova Bisera , Petranova Tzvetanka , Nikolova Mariana , Slavova Miglena , Tafrajijska-Hadjiolova Radka
Published: January 2024

The redox state of the human body is the result of a complex influence of enzymes, metabolites, biogenic elements, and endogenous lifestyle factors. With age, unfavorable changes occur and degenerative and pathogenic processes are unlocked, various diseases appear, such as osteoporosis. In the present work, the radical scavenging activity (RSA%) and the blood serum conclusions of copper and magnesium were investigated in patients with osteoporosis of the hip, as well as in patients with osteoporosis of the lumbar spine. 66 menopausal and postmenopausal women aged 63.41±7.81 were investigated - newly diagnosed with osteoporosis and controls. Exclusion criteria were as follows: diabetes, endocrine and liver disease; intake of estrogenic and biogenic elements.  Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in all patients using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Patients with T-Score ≤ -2.5 were divided into two groups – with osteoporosis of the hip and with osteoporosis of the lumbar spine. A control group with T-Score > -1.0 was formed.  Serum RSA% was established using the experimental method for determining antioxidants ABTS decolonization assay. Serum copper and magnesium levels were determined using atomic absorption analysis. According to the RSA% indicator, we obtained the following values: 73.30 ± 9.84 in the group with lumbar vertebrae osteoporosis; 68.87 ± 13.26 in the hip osteoporosis group; 55.67 ± 1.37 in the control group. When monitoring the radical scavenging activity, depending on the localization of the disease, we detected higher values in patients with osteoporosis of the lumbar spine.  Serum copper and magnesium concentrations of all patients were elevated relative to the controls, but there was no statistical difference between groups with different disease localization.  Patients with osteoporosis were found to have a higher protective antioxidant capacity in response to increased free-radical processes in the body and cellular metabolic disorders.
New Findings in the Ethnobotany of Uzbekistan
Authors: Khamreva Dilovar Tolibdjonovna
Published: January 2024

This research provides information about the significance and use of some wild flora plants such as Atraphaxis pyrifolia Bunge and Megacarpaea gigantea Regel in folk medicine by the local population of some districts of Samarkand and Navoi regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The above-listed species are little known to official medicine, but local traditional healers have been using them for many years and have a proven record of applying these plants in the treatment of various human diseases. For example, infusion of leaves of Atraphaxis pyrifolia is used by local people for cardiovascular diseases, insomnia, and as a sedative, seeds of Megacarpaea gigantea for treatment of kidney and cholelithiasis, as well as inflammation of the kidneys. However, the plant raw materials are collected from natural places of distribution which may cause a process of the natural deterioration of their supply in future and the sale of dried parts is carried out by traders in the markets or local traditional healers. Thus, this study implies how crucial it is to develop a prospect for the use of medicinal plants in Uzbekistan, and its significance in terms of improving the economy of the region, improving the quality of life of the population and improving the health of the nation.
Unravelling Deconstruction: A Comprehensive Examination of its Qualitative Research Method and Application in Historical Texts
Authors: Sediq Mohammad Shah
Published: January 2024

This research endeavors to delve into the qualitative research method of deconstruction and its profound application in deciphering the nuanced meanings within historical texts. Utilizing a review methodology, this study takes the form of a comprehensive review article. Deconstruction, as both a theory and practical approach to text reading, challenges the prevailing notion that language systems inherently establish coherence or unity in literary texts, aiming to uncover definitive meanings. The primary objective of deconstruction is to express concepts qualitatively and analytically. Research questions are tailored to the type of text under consideration, guided by the researcher's decisions. For instance, the groundbreaking concept of "explanatory and inquiry" emerged in the literary domain, maintaining its relevance within academic institutions and expanding to encompass various conceptual frameworks. Deconstruction extends its reach into social thinking and speeches, involving critical re-examination of historical texts to glean insights into historical facts. Essentially akin to metaphysical criticism, the deconstruction method was founded by Jacques Derrida, an Algerian philosopher of French origin, whose theories significantly influenced postmodern philosophy and literary criticism.
Markov Models for Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Knee Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Transtrum M. Bryant , Childs Benjamin , Bacak Christopher , Sandler Alexis , Scanaliato John , Parnes Nata
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to review the existing literature on the cost-effectiveness of knee arthroscopy procedures with the objective of assessing the variability in assumptions, methodologies and results across different Markov analyses.

DESIGN: Systematic review of study designs involving a Markov model or probabilistic cost-effectiveness analysis specific to knee arthroscopy.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Main outcome measures comprised estimates of cost-effectiveness, including incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) comparisons and cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) ratios.

RESULTS: The initial search identified 474 studies, with 7 articles meeting the inclusion criteria after screening and review. The included studies exhibited heterogeneity in participant demographic, design, interventions, and outcomes. The majority of studies reported superior cost-effectiveness in favor of meniscus repair and against meniscectomy. Additional analyses included evidence favoring diagnostic needle arthroscopy to MRI; early drilling of osteochondral defects to nonoperative management; and early intervention to delayed treatment.

CONCLUSION: This review demonstrated substantial variability in estimates of cost-effectiveness, methodologies, and outcomes within the literature on knee arthroscopy procedures. Despite the heterogeneity, several trends emerged indicating favorable cost-effectiveness for several arthroscopic procedures for knee pathology. However, disparities in methodology and the lack of standardized reporting guidelines pose limitations to generalization of these interpretations. Future research should focus on standardized methodologies and reporting, as well as long-term clinical and economical studies. This review underscores the need for larger data sets for assumptions made in Markov models used in assessing the cost-effectiveness of knee arthroscopy procedures.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV; systematic review of level IV or higher evidence