bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Testing Strategies for Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma: An Optimal Approach With Cost Analysis
Authors: Layfield Lester J. , Hammer Richard D. , White Sandra K. , Furtado Larissa V. , Schmidt Robert L.
Published: December 2018

Context.—

Molecular analysis of lung adenocarcinoma for therapeutically important genes is standard of practice, with multiple professional organizations recommending testing of all adenocarcinomas for mutations in EGFR, ALK, and ROS1. Some organizations recommend analyzing these genes in association with a panel. Few data exist as to optimal testing method or optimal sequence of testing from a cost perspective.

Objective.—

To determine which order of gene testing was least costly and whether sequential, small panel, or next-generation sequencing (NGS) was cheapest.

Design.—

Recent recommendations propose a set of essential molecular tests (EGFR, ALK, and ROS1) and an optional set of molecular tests that may be useful for selection of clinical trials. We compared the costs of different testing sequencing strategies for both the 3 essential genes and for 5 optimal genes. Testing costs were determined by a survey of prices from large laboratories. The strategy most frequently rated as the lowest cost strategy was designated the optimal testing strategy.

Results.—

Sequential testing of the essential genes in the order EGFR-ROS1-ALK was optimal from a cost perspective. The expected cost of sequential testing was $2227 (95% CI, $1733–$2794). The cost of NGS was $2500. The expected cost per positive result was $11,362 using this strategy.

Conclusions.—

Molecular testing of lung adenocarcinomas for the set of 3 essential genes and 5 optional genes can be performed by a variety of methods and in a variety of sequences. From a cost perspective, sequential testing in the order EGFR, ROS1, then ALK is optimal. NGS would be competitive if the price was less than $2200. NGS is optimal if testing for the 3 essential genes will be followed by testing for the 5 optional genes. NGS testing is optimal if the clinician plans to test both essential and optional genes.
Redes sociais de apoio no cuidado à pessoa com transtorno mental: reflexões
Authors: Siqueira Daiana Foggiato de , Xavier Mariane Da Silva , Serbim Andreivna Kharenine , Terra Marlene Gomes
Published: December 2018

Objetivo: refletir acerca das redes sociais de apoio formais e informais no cuidado à pessoa com transtorno mental centrado no paradigma psicossocial. Método: estudo teórico-reflexivo tendo como base epistemológica a Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira, que redireciona o modelo assistencial em saúde mental. Resultados: a família é fonte primária de recurso na rede social de apoio informal e, por vezes, é a chave para a efetividade do cuidado fornecido pela rede social de apoio formal. É importante que os serviços desenvolvam estratégias de apoio para que a pessoa com transtorno mental e sua família possam esclarecer suas dúvidas e minimizar os desafios que envolvem o cuidado em saúde mental. Conclusões: a rede social de apoio é um aspecto que necessita ser valorizado pelo profissional de saúde, pois a partir dela é possível planejar o cuidado em saúde mental.
Introdução da Flipped Classroom no ensino de enfermagem: Relato de uma aula sobre pensamento crítico-criativo
Authors: Vargas Caroline Porcelis , Diaz Paola Da Silva , Menegaz Jouhanna Do Carmo , Backes Vânia Marli Schubert , Kempfer Silvana Silveira , Lima Daniella Karine Souza
Published: December 2018

Objetivo: relatar a experiência do uso da flipped classroom em um seminário de enfermagem sobre a temática do pensamento crítico-criativo na formação de enfermeiros pós-graduandos. Método: construção e desenvolvimento de um seminário que teve duração de quatro horas, e contou com a participação de dez professores e alunos da pós-graduação em enfermagem. Foram utilizados três metodologias de flipped classroom: Just in time teaching, Peer Instruction e o Problem Based Learning. Resultados: foi possível contribuir para maior participação e apropriação de conhecimento acerca do tema como uso da flipped classroom, proporcionando a experimentação e sensibilização de métodos em professores e alunos. Considerações finais: através desta experiência buscou-se incentivar a reflexão, uma vez que esses métodos de ensino colocam o aluno como o sujeito ativo na aprendizagem, fazendo com que busquem em suas vivências ou estudos respostas para questões feitas por ele mesmo ou por outros.
“A ‘dieta’ é tempo de cuidados”: práticas de autoatenção no puerpério no cenário rural
Authors: Van der Sand Isabel Cristina , Ressel Lúcia Beatriz , Monticelli Marisa , Souza Ivis Emília de Oliveira , Schirmer Janine
Published: December 2018

Objetivos: conhecer os significados das práticas de autoatenção de mulheres, residentes no campo, relativas ao puerpério; identificar as interfaces dessas práticas com os diferentes modelos de atenção à saúde. Método: etnografia desenvolvida em três comunidades rurais de pequeno município do Norte do Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. Participaram 17 informantes. Na coleta de dados, utilizaram-se técnicas de Observação-Participação-Reflexão e entrevistas etnográficas. No processo analítico, utilizou-se a proposta de análise temática. Resultados: constatou-se que o puerpério apresenta-se marcado por práticas de autoatenção referentes à alimentação, atividade física, higiene e à sociabilidade produzidas no seio da família/comunidade, com pouca articulação ao setor profissional de cuidados. Conclusão: essas práticas buscam proteger as mulheres-puérperas que, na interpretação de seu grupo social, estão em estado liminar – entre a saúde e a doença. Concomitantemente a isso, conferem poder relativo às puérperas e suas famílias.
Zika vírus: sentimentos e práticas de cuidados de gestantes
Authors: Silva Francisca Weslla Oliveira da , Roscoche Kariane Gomes Cezario , Farias Raimunda Juliana Oliveira , Abreu Luiza Aurela Filha , Sousa Albertina Antonielly Sydney de , Chaves Anne Fayma Lopes
Published: December 2018

Objetivo: descrever os sentimentos e práticas de cuidado de gestantes diante do risco de contrair o Zika vírus. Método: estudo qualitativo, realizado nos meses de outubro e novembro de 2016 em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior privada, com 10 gestantes. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se formulário com perguntas estruturadas e entrevista aberta, com categorização das falas conforme a técnica de Análise Temática. Resultados: da análise dos dados, emergiram as categorias: Sentimentos das gestantes diante do Zika vírus e Zika vírus e as estratégias de enfrentamento pelas gestantes. Conclusões: as gestantes apresentaram sentimentos de preocupação, medo e insegurança diante do Zika vírus. Contudo, os métodos preventivos juntamente com os exames realizados no pré-natal proporcionaram impacto positivo, gerando segurança entre as mulheres e ajuste de sua rotina em tempos de surto do Zika vírus.
Incidência da tuberculose e a correlação entre a realização do tratamento e a cura
Authors: Souza Jhenifer De , Oliveira Keurilene Sutil de , Ávila Thaís Tania , Quadros Samia Regina de , Zilly Adriana , Silva-Sobrinho Reinaldo Antonio
Published: December 2018

Objetivo: analisar a taxa de incidência da tuberculose, proporção de doentes e de casos curados nos municípios prioritários do estado do Paraná. Método: estudo ecológico baseado em dados secundários do período de 2001-2012, dos municípios prioritários para controle da tuberculose no estado do Paraná. Resultados: verificou-se um total de 15.053 casos novos de tuberculose no período analisado, 11.538 foram curados, sendo que quatro cidades não conseguiram atingir a meta de cura de 85% dos casos e 3.239 casos realizaram o Tratamento Diretamente Observado. Dois municípios apresentaram uma correlação forte (Curitiba r=0,7 e São José dos Pinhais com r=0,8). Conclusão: o estudo reforça a importância da atenção básica no controle da tuberculose, com a finalidade de contribuir para a diminuição da transmissão da doença, a partir da melhoria da adesão ao tratamento, reduzindo assim as taxas de abandono e o surgimento de cepas resistentes.
Qualidade de vida de bombeiros militares atuantes nos serviços operacional e administrativo
Authors: Santos Lauane Nogueira dos , Ascari Tania Maria , Sá Clodoaldo Antônio de , Ascari Rosana Amora
Published: December 2018

Objetivo: analisar a qualidade de vida de bombeiros militares atuantes em serviços operacional e administrativo. Método: estudo transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado em um município do oeste catarinense entre março e abril de 2016. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se o questionário de avaliação da qualidade de vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde, versão curta (WHOQOL-Bref). Utilizou-se o programa Statistical Pack age of Social Sciences para as análises estatísticas. Resultados: os resultados evidenciam que os51participantes apresentaram níveis regulares de qualidade de vida, os bombeiros que atuam no operacional apresentam os piores resultados sobre a percepção da qualidade de vida em comparação aos trabalhadores do administrativo (p=<0,05). A realização de horas extras interferiu negativamente na qualidade de vida (p=<0,05). No domínio Meio Ambiente foram encontrados os piores valores. Conclusão: os participantes avaliaram sua qualidade de vida como regular o que pode repercutir na saúde e bem-estar, assim como interferir no seu cotidiano de trabalho. Sugere-se a utilização deste indicador na gestão da saúde dos trabalhadores.
Avaliação de esperança e resiliência em pessoas em tratamento hemodialítico
Authors: Ferreira Carine , Guanilo Maria Elena Echevarría , Silva Denise Maria Guerreiro Vieira da , Gonçalves Natalia , Boell Júlia Estela Willrich , Mayer Barbara Leticia Dudel
Published: December 2018

Objetivo: avaliar a esperança manifestada em pessoas em tratamento hemodialítico e sua relação com a resiliência. Método: estudo transversal, em duas unidades de hemodiálise da região metropolitana de Florianópolis. Participaram 60 pessoas de janeiro a março de 2017. Utilizado instrumento de caracterização, Escala de Esperança de Herth adaptada e validada para a língua portuguesa, Escala de Resiliência de Connor – Davidson. Análise descritiva e coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Resultados: correlação moderada significativa e positiva entre esperança e resiliência (r: 0,470; p<0,01). Sexo feminino com valores médios maiores para esperança e resiliência (M: 44,72; DP: 3,23) e (M: 84,44; DP: 10,66). Os que se encontravam em lista de espera para o transplante obtiveram menores pontuações para esperança (M:42,75; DP: 4,76) e para resiliência (M:79,33; DP: 10,54). Conclusão: as pessoas em tratamento hemodialítico apresentam disposição à esperança e resiliência, o que sugere melhor adaptação ao tratamento.
Social network and emotional intelligence in pregnancy and postpartum
Authors: Rode Jennifer L. , Stricklin Suzanne M. , Nicely Stephanie
Published: December 2018

Although evidence supports the role of social support in perinatal women's well-being, the dynamics of these relationships remain unclear. We examined changes in social support and social network from prenatal to postpartum periods from 168 perinatal women. Individual differences in emotional intelligence (EI) were examined as moderating these changes. Results suggest that functional social support increases in postpartum while social network decreases. EI significantly moderated change in functional social support from fathers such that functional social support from a woman's father was significantly higher in women with higher EI. Changes in social network were not significantly affected by EI.
The paradoxical influence of stress on the intensity of romantic feelings towards the partner
Authors: Donato Silvia , Parise Miriam , Pagani Ariela F. , Sciara Simona , Iafrate Raffaella , Pantaleo Giuseppe
Published: December 2018

According to Brehm’s emotional intensity theory (EIT), the strength of feelings of romantic affect towards a romantic partner should vary as a cubic function of increasing levels of relationship stress (i.e., deterrence to feelings of romantic affect). The study tested this hypothesis in a true experiment with 80 young adults actually engaged in a romantic relationship, by systematically manipulating stress, through a recall procedure, across four distinct levels of intensity (control vs. low vs. moderate vs. high levels of manipulated stress). As predicted by emotional intensity theory, feelings of romantic affect were strong in the control condition, reduced in the low stress condition (low deterrence), maintained intense in the moderate stress condition (moderate deterrence), and reduced, again, in the high stress condition (high deterrence). Findings and both theoretical and practical implications for professionals and future research are discussed, with special emphasis on how to promote partners’ everyday adjustments to stress and emotional intensity regulation.
Struggle against outsourcing of diagnostic services in government facilities: Strategies and lessons from a campaign led by Jan Swasthya Abhiyan (People’s Health Movement) in Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Nandi Sulakshana
Published: December 2018

Since 1991, India, like many countries, has undergone a process of ‘liberalisation’ which has entailed an increase in outsourcing of public services through Public Private Partnerships. In December 2012, Chhattisgarh state started the process of outsourcing diagnostics and radiology services in 379 government health facilities. Jan Swasthya Abhiyan (People’s Health Movement) Chhattisgarh mounted a (so far) successful campaign against this move. Drawing on secondary data and the personal experiences and observations of the author, this paper documents Jan Swasthya Abhiyan’s struggle, describing the strategies that were used, their efficacy, the facilitators and challenges. It uses this experience as a basis to reflectively suggest lessons for health activism and the theoretical implications. Jan Swasthya Abhiyan founded its resistance on a detailed evidence-based critique of the proposal that was disseminated, along with demands. The campaign then used multiple strategies, from petitioning the government, to street action, to advocacy with media and bureaucrats. Alliances were built with trade unions and groups working on social justice issues. Privatisation and neo-liberal policies provided a rallying point and framing the issue as a moral argument and in terms of larger concerns for social justice helped build wider solidarity. This experience suggests that the use of evidence and multiple strategies, effective framing of the issue, forging broader alliances, and a sustained campaign can all be important strategies for health activism. It also highlights the need for health activism to continue beyond a single campaign. Staying vigilant, monitoring, evidence building, mobilizing people and continuing to build alliances on such issues are critical tasks for social movements and networks like the People’s Health Movement.
Re-engaging social relationships and collective dimensions of organizing to revive democratic practice
Authors: Speer Paul W. , Han Hahrie
Published: December 2018

The weakening of the everyday practice of democracy around the world presents profound challenges for social scientists working with an applied focus on issues of inequality and justice in social change. This paper examines community organizing (in the US) as an instrument for equitable and just social change, and argues that three interrelated trends are subtly undermining a core practice of organizing: developing social relationships. An expanding technocratic influence on politics, an inflated focus on individual-level metrics for evaluating organizing, and a growing belief that digital technologies and big data leverage greater power, combine to engender an atomized view of people, who are increasingly treated as consumers rather than producers of social change. In contrast, cultivating social relationships fuels the building of community and expanded networks that enables the exercise of social power necessary to effect change. Scholars promoting change for social justice should work to shape tools and measures to serve social dimensions of organizing and support people and collectivities as agents of democracy.
Beliefs and attitudes towards organ donation in young Mexicans
Authors: Mercado Ibarra Santa Magdalena , Mirón Juárez Carlos Alberto , García Flores Raquel , García Hernández Claudia
Published: December 2018

Aim

The objective of this work was to demonstrate the relationship between beliefs and attitudes towards organ donation in Sonoran university students, which required the adaptation and validation of the scales of beliefs and attitudes towards organ donation proposed by León (2015) for the Mexican Sonoran state population.

Method

From a non-probabilistic sample of 225 college students of both sexes, between 17 and 25 years of age, each scale was analyzed using the Rasch model, where relevant values of unidimensionality were found for almost all items. Subsequently, an exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation showed theoretically interpretable factors, as well as a total explained variance greater than 50% in both scales.

Results

Using structural equations, a model of beliefs and attitudes towards organ donation was confirmed, identifying considerable correlations between negative beliefs on donation and positive attitude (r = -.73) and prosocial attitudes towards donation (r = -.44), showing relevant adjustment criteria (SRMR = .053; RMSEA = .056; CFI = .926).

Conclusion

The findings corroborate the importance of beliefs as a cognitive component of attitudes, as well future studies with sample extension are suggested to confirm the results obtained.
“To Defend the Citadel of its Faith from All Assaults”: Hermann Adler and the London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the Jews
Authors: Ellison Robert H.
Published: December 2018

This article employs sermons as a lens through which to examine Jewish-Christian relations in Victorian England. It focuses primarily upon discourses preached by clergy affiliated with the London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the Jews, and on rebuttals delivered by Hermann Adler, a London rabbi who would go on to become Chief Rabbi of the British Empire. Attention is also given to reviews of Adler's work, and to responses to those reviews. These reviews and reviews-of-reviews are evidence that there was an active conversation taking place in the pulpit and the press; the article seeks to show that preaching is one aspect of the interfaith landscape that can be much more fully explored.
Keepers of the Bio Art Laboratory: Mangling Methods and Curating Critically
Authors: Legassie Treva Michelle
Published: December 2018

Cet article se concentre sur la pratique en plein essor du bio-art, afin d’envisager les possibilités de faire du commissariat au sein de deux sphères de productions culturelles en apparence disparates, celles du laboratoire scientifique et du musée. Dans une analyse des oeuvres du Tissue Culture & Art Project (TC&A), de Kathy High et de Jennifer Willet, il décortique les méthodes commissariales qui s’attachent à relocaliser le laboratoire dans le musée et vice-versa. En explorant ce phénomène de transversalité à travers les figures du « mangle » et du « biotheatre », le texte fait valoir que les pratiques du bio-art font intrinsèquement appel à des stratégies créatrices et commissariales qui ébranlent la perception de stérile objectivité des laboratoires et qui permettent de critiquer les paradigmes de la culture scientifique.
No Small Matter: Micromuseums as Critical Institutions
Authors: Gregory Helen , Robertson Kirsty
Published: December 2018

En se concentrant sur trois micro-institutions canadiennes, aux mandats spécifiquement difficiles et/ou politiquement chargés, cet article examine le potentiel critique des petits espaces et musées. Il analyse comment, en raison de financement et d’espace limités, la Feminist Art Gallery de Toronto, le STAG Project Space, une galerie et résidence d’artistes de Vancouver (aujourd’hui fermée), et le Musée de la peur et des merveilles de Bergen en Alberta, convoquent de façon inventive la communauté, la marginalité, l’intervention radicale et les stratégies commissariales. Chacun de ces espaces remet en question les normes de financement, d’accueil et d’exposition, en réimaginant le commissariat à partir de la base. En soulignant les limites des stratégies commissariales bâties sur un investissement personnel (soit-il d’argent ou de temps) et opérant en dehors des structures traditionnelles de financement, nous examinons la position de l’artiste-commissaire comme agent de changement social, ainsi que l’impact potentiel du commissariat à petite échelle.
Transformative Learning: Evolutions of the adult learning theory
Authors: Biasin Chiara
Published: December 2018

This paper investigates how Transformative Learning has developed as the dominant theory in adult learning and education. The goals are to analyze the progressive self-sufficiency of the Theory from its discoverer and to examine its expansion as a mainstream in the field. The hypothesis is that the massive spread of the theory of Transformative Learning is due to its appeal as a master key to transformation. This has allowed the ‘autonomous’ development from Mezirow itself and the vast diffusion to the great detriment of conceptual coherence. The research questions are: How did Transformative Learning establish itself as a theory of adult education? What characteristics are at the base of this good fortune? How did Mezirow explore and then define the theory of Transformative Learning? Is the Mezirow’s reference theory another name for the Transformative Learning Theory? The article starts with the birth of Transformative Learning and then focuses on the consolidation of some core-concepts of the theory. The diffusion of different approaches will be discussed. Finally, the international affirmation of Transformative Learning is presented with references to the European network.
Vers une relecture herméneutique et biographique de la théorie de l’apprentissage transformateur
Authors: BRETON Hervé
Published: December 2018

Cet article propose une relecture de la théorie de l’apprentissage transformateur (

TAT

), à partir de l’examen de trois concepts : le rôle de l’habitude dans les processus de constitution du vécu, la notion d’épreuve et son potentiel formatif, les dimensions biographiques de la Transformative Learning Theory. Cette démarche interroge les théories de l’expérience qui fondent tacitement les modèles d’apprentissage proposés par Mezirow. La discussion ainsi ouverte s’inscrit dans les espaces de controverse et de dialogue entre les courants du pragmatisme, de l’herméneutique critique et de la recherche biographique.
Computational Algorithms Supporting the Bridge Management System
Authors: Janas Lucjan , Miller Bartosz , Kaszyński Adam
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a novel approach to the creation of a ranking list of bridges with the highest priority for repair, renovation or exchange. Two main aspects addressed herein are studied. First concerning parameters, which must be taken into account while creating the list of bridges with priority for repair or renovation. Second concerning proposition of algorithms for creating such list. A set of factors that affect this priority has been created; the three main ones were selected: technical condition factor, safety factor and the importance for the roads network factor. Three self-reliant algorithms of the ranking list creation are presented. One of them is the so-called “expert algorithm”, based on artificial neural networks – gives the best result and has been indicated as the recommended one. This algorithm, engaging back-propagation multilayer artificial neural network, is implemented in the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways in Poland and is applied as a supporting tool in managing road-engineering structures.
Strength Characteristics of Cement-Rice Husk Ash Stabilised Sand-Clay Mixture Reinforced with Polypropylene Fibers
Authors: Ghorbani Ali , Salimzadehshooiili Maysam , Medzvieckas Jurgis , Kliukas Romualdas
Published: December 2018

In this paper, stress-strain behaviour of sand-clay mixture stabilised with different cement and rice husk ash percentages, and reinforced with different polypropylene fibre lengths are evaluated. Mixtures are widely used in road construction for soil stabilisation. It is observed that replacing half of the cement percentage (in high cement contents) with rice husk ash will result in a higher unconfined compressive strength. In addition, the presence of 6 mm polypropylene fibres will help to increase the unconfined compressive strength of stabilised samples, while larger fibres cause reverse behaviour. In addition, introducing a new index for assessing the effect of curing days. Curing Improvement Index it is obtained that larger fibres show higher Curing Improvement Index values. Results gained for the effects of curing days, and fibre lengths are further discussed and interpreted using Scanning Electron Microscopy photos. Based on the conducted Unconfined Compressive Strength, Indirect Tensile Strength, and Flexural Strength tests and using evolutionary polynomial regression modelling, some simple relations for prediction of unconfined compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, and flexural strength of cement-rice husk ash stabilised, and fibre reinforced samples are presented. High coefficients of determination of developed equations with experimental data show the accuracy of proposed relationships. Moreover, using a sensitivity analysis based on Cosine Amplitude Method, cement percentage and the length of polypropylene fibres used to reinforce the stabilised samples are respectively reported as the most and the least effective parameters on the unconfined compressive strength of specimens.
Multi-scenario numerical modeling applied to groundwater contamination: the Popoli Gorges complex aquifer case study (Central Italy)
Authors: Di Curzio Diego , Rusi Sergio , Semeraro Ron
Published: December 2018

In this research, a multi-scenario numerical modeling was implemented to assess the effects of changes to abstraction patterns in the Sant’Angelo well-field (central Italy) and their implications on the aquifer hydrodynamic and the advective transport of contaminants. Once implemented and calibrated the steady-state numerical model by means of MODFLOW-2005, the well-field turning off scenario was modelled. In addition, the numerical results were analyzed by means of the post-processors ZONEBUDGET and MODPATH, to assess respectively the contribution of each hydrogeological feature to the total budget and the advective transport of contaminant particles. Comparing the two steady-state numerical models and the relative particle tracking analyses, the well-field turning off, although no longer acting as a hydraulic barrier, increased the residence time of contaminant particles and limited their mobility in the aquifer. Furthermore, the general decrease in groundwater abstractions also caused a higher increase in river flow, favoring contaminants’ dilution in surface water.
Temporally specific engagement of distinct neuronal circuits regulating olfactory habituation in Drosophila
Authors: Semelidou Ourania , Acevedo Summer F , Skoulakis Efthimios MC
Published: December 2018

Habituation is the process that enables salience filtering, precipitating perceptual changes that alter the value of environmental stimuli. To discern the neuronal circuits underlying habituation to brief inconsequential stimuli, we developed a novel olfactory habituation paradigm, identifying two distinct phases of the response that engage distinct neuronal circuits. Responsiveness to the continuous odor stimulus is maintained initially, a phase we term habituation latency and requires Rutabaga Adenylyl-Cyclase-depended neurotransmission from GABAergic Antennal Lobe Interneurons and activation of excitatory Projection Neurons (PNs) and the Mushroom Bodies. In contrast, habituation depends on the inhibitory PNs of the middle Antenno-Cerebral Track, requires inner Antenno-Cerebral Track PN activation and defines a temporally distinct phase. Collectively, our data support the involvement of Lateral Horn excitatory and inhibitory stimulation in habituation. These results provide essential cellular substrates for future analyses of the molecular mechanisms that govern the duration and transition between these distinct temporal habituation phases.

Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (see decision letter).
Den store franske Encyklopedi 1751–72/80
Authors: Salvesen Helge
Published: December 2018

April 1999
Kom mai du skjønne milde...
Authors: Johannesen Odd Harald
Published: December 2018

Mai 1999
En juleklassiker
Authors: Løkse Mariann
Published: December 2018

Desember 2004. Publisert også i papirutgaven av TROMSØFLAKET, nr. 8, 2004.
Kvensk bibliografi
Authors: Bogetvedt Helena
Published: December 2018

Februar 2005. Publisert også i papirutgaven av TROMSØFLAKET, februar 2005.
Et åpent publiseringsarkiv for UiTø
Authors: Høydalsvik Stein
Published: December 2018

Mars 2005. Publisert også i papirutgaven av TROMSØFLAKET, mars 2005.
Google Scholar – en søkemotor som skiller vitenskap fra ”støy”
Authors: Hansen Sissel Helene
Published: December 2018

Mai 2005. Publisert også i papirutgaven av TROMSØFLAKET, mai 2005.
Ny versjon av EndNote
Authors: Benedictus Lammy
Published: December 2018

Oktober 2005. Publisert også i papirutgaven av TROMSØFLAKET, oktober 2005.
ISI-databasene skifter ham fra april: Fra BIBSYS til ISI Web of Science!
Authors: Hansen Sissel Helene
Published: December 2018

TROMSØFLAKET NR. 6 - 2002
BIBSYS og søk etter bøker
Authors: Brattli Tore
Published: December 2018

TROMSØFLAKET NR. 17 - 2002
Application of insect-proof nets in pesticide-free rice creates an altered microclimate and differential agronomic performance
Authors: Yang Guoying , Guo Zhi , Ji Hongting , Sheng Jing , Chen Liugen , Zhao Yanwen
Published: December 2018

Background

Insect-proof nets are commonly used in crop production and scientific research because of their environmental, economic, and agronomic benefits. However, insect-proof nets can unintentionally alter the microclimate inside the screenhouse and therefore greatly affect plant growth and yield. To examine the microclimate and agronomic performance of pesticide-free rice under insect-proof nets, two-year field experiments were carried out in 2011 and 2012.

Methods

In the present study, the experiment was conducted by using a split-plot design considering the cultivation environment (open field cultivation (OFC) and insect-proof nets cultivation (IPNC)) as the main plot and the varieties as the subplot (Suxiangjing3 and Nanjing44).

Results

IPNC significantly reduced the air speed and solar radiation, and slightly increased the daytime soil temperature, daytime air temperature, and nighttime relative humidity. By contrast, the nighttime soil temperature, nighttime air temperature, and daytime relative humidity were relatively unaffected. The grain yield of both rice cultivars decreased significantly under IPNC, which was largely attributed to the reduced panicle number. The reduced panicle number was largely associated with the decreased maximum tiller number, which was positively correlated with the tillering rate, time of tillering onset, and tillering cessation for both rice cultivars under IPNC. In addition, dry matter accumulation significantly decreased for both rice cultivars under IPNC, which was mainly caused by the decreased leaf area duration resulting from the reduced leaf area index. By contrast, the mean net assimilation rate was relatively unaffected by IPNC.

Discussion

Insect-proof nets altered the microclimate in comparison with OFC by reducing the air speed and changing the radiation regime, which significantly affected dry matter production and yield of both japonica rice cultivars. Our results indicated that cultivation measures that could increase the tillering rate and the maximum tiller number under IPNC would lead to a significant increase in panicle number, ultimately increasing grain yield. In addition, maintaining a high leaf area duration by increasing the leaf area index would be important to compensate for the dry matter accumulation losses under IPNC. These findings are critical to provide a theoretical basis for improving agronomic performance of pesticide-free rice under IPNC.
Health response in yellowtail Seriola dorsalis exposed to an Amyloodinium ocellatum outbreak
Authors: Vivanco-Aranda Miroslava , Del Río-Zaragoza Oscar B , Lechuga-Sandoval Claudia E , Viana María Teresa , Rombenso Artur N
Published: December 2018

Marine fish culture, both in hatchery and grow-out systems, is prone to parasitic infestations, which lead to fish health impairment and generally high mortality rates. The most frequent disease in these cultures, amyloodiniosis, is caused by the dinoflagellate Amyloodinium ocellatum, the parasite considered to inflict the most considerable damage on commercial marine fish ventures. In recent years, the yellowtail Seriola dorsalis cultured in Baja California has undergone recurrent parasitic infections. Thus, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the effects of a parasitic infection (A. ocellatum) in juvenile yellowtail in terms of mortality, gill histology, and blood parameters. Fish exposed to parasitic infection exhibited 100% prevalence, with mean intensity of 766 ± 500 parasites per fish (grand mean ± SD). Gill histological analyses indicated damage characterized by inflammation, epithelial detachment, hyperplasia, fusion of secondary lamellae, telangiectasia, and proliferation of mucous cells. Regarding blood parameters, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and hemoglobin, glucose, and triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in infected fish (parasite prevalence of 100% with a mean intensity of 882.19 ± 265.05 parasites per fish) than in healthy ones. Also, mean corpuscular volume, total protein, albumin, and globulin were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in infected fish than in healthy fish. No differences were found in the hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and white blood cell count (P > 0.05). This study demonstrated that A. ocellatum infection caused severe gill damage, affecting gas exchange efficiency, which resulted in blood parameter changes and, consequently, high mortality rates in a short-term period.
Ego depletion and the use of force: Investigating the effects of ego depletion on police officers’ intention to use force
Authors: Staller Mario S. , Müller Marcel , Christiansen Paul , Zaiser Benjamin , Körner Swen , Cole Jon C.
Published: December 2018

The current study aims to investigate corresponding self‐control and self‐control failures that are the result of ego depletion and its impact on police officers’ decision to use force. For that purpose, a total of 200 German police recruits were randomly assigned to either an experimental or control group. Ego depletion was manipulated using the “e” crossing task. Participants then worked through a video‐based scenario exercise, in which they encountered a provocative citizen. They were required to indicate the time that they would take to resort to using force to resolve the situation. Results showed that ego depleted officers intended to use force earlier than controls. This indicates that circumstances that produce ego depletion could lead to the inappropriate use of force by reducing self‐control. This has major implications for the police use of force and how we understand police officers’ decision making in response to provocation.
Reversible Underwater Dry Adhesion of a Shape Memory Polymer
Authors: Park Jun Kyu , Eisenhaure Jeffrey D. , Kim Seok
Published: December 2018

Dry adhesives are believed to be inadequate to achieve high adhesion to a wet or submerged surface due to liquid layers intercalated at the contact interface. Here, the reversible dry adhesion of a thermoresponsive shape memory polymer (SMP) performing under water and other liquids such as oil is presented. It is revealed that applying pressure to the SMP in its compliant rubbery state enables to squeeze out the liquid from its contact interface, and that the interface is then maintained by fixing the SMPs shape in its glassy state. During this conformal and hermetic contact condition, the rigidity of the glassy state SMP provides remarkably high (≈18 atm, atmosphere) underwater yet dry adhesion. Lastly, the permanent shape recovery of the SMP allows a surrounding liquid to quickly squeeze in and separate the contact interface, which makes the SMP almost adhesiveless. These findings pave the way for inexpensive reversible dry adhesives working on submerged surfaces.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Triarylmethanes via Organocatalytic 1,6‐Addition of Arylboronic Acids to para‐Quinone Methides
Authors: Huang Gong‐Bin , Huang Wei‐Hua , Guo Jing , Xu Dong‐Liang , Qu Xiao‐Chen , Zhai Pei‐Hong , Zheng Xiu‐Hua , Weng Jiang , Lu Gui
Published: December 2018

A method for the preparation of chiral triarylmethanes via organocatalytic 1,6‐addition of arylboronic acids to para‐quinone methides (p‐QMs) was established. Here the use of salicylaldehyde‐derived p‐QMs with an ortho‐hydroxy substituent as a directing group was essential for the remote stereocontrol. In the presence of a BINOL catalyst, chiral triarylmethanes can be obtained in high yields (up to 99%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). This method shows broad substrate tolerance and can be easily scaled up, both electron‐rich and electron‐deficient arylboronic acids are suitable substrates for this addition reaction.

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Continuous synthesis of tetraalkylammonium‐Based ethyl sulphate ionic liquid and its kinetic study in microreactors
Authors: Zhang Hong , Shang Minjing , Song Yang , Su Yuanhai
Published: December 2018

A tetraalkylammonium‐based ionic liquid (IL) was synthesized with diethyl sulphate and triethylamine in a capillary microreactor. Solvent‐free conditions coupled with microreactor technology greatly simplified the IL construction process. Optimization of process parameters (e.g., temperature, residence time, and inner diameter of capillary) was performed, and the maximum yield was 94% with the residence time of 300 s at 90°C. Interestingly, the obtained product could exist as a molten salt with low viscosity at a low melting point of 24.1°C. Key dimensionless groups such as Pe, Bo, and DaII numbers were calculated to account for the mass transport phenomena and reaction performance in this IL synthesis or to validate the reliability of the corresponding reaction kinetics study. Based on fast heat and mass transfer rates provided by the microreactor, intrinsic reaction kinetics could be obtained. Moreover, gold (III) extraction was remarkably improved by the application of the synthesized IL. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: 1245–1255, 2019
Study of Catalyst Coke Distribution Based on Population Balance Theory: Application to Methanol to Olefins Process
Authors: Li Hua , Yuan Xiaoshuai , Gao Mingbin , Ye Mao , Liu Zhongmin
Published: December 2018

A coke distribution model of catalyst particles in three‐dimensional space was developed based on population balance theory, and an analytic expression of coke distribution for zero‐dimensional time‐independent problem was deduced. The expression shows that the coke distribution is determined by the average catalyst residence time, coke deposition (or burning) rate, and coke distribution of catalyst inflow. The coke distribution model was further applied to the methanol to olefins (MTO) process. The critical factors influencing coke distribution in MTO process, as well as the effect of coke distribution on product selectivity, were investigated. Three scales of MTO fluidized bed reactor–regenerator systems, i.e., pilot‐scale, demonstration‐scale and commercial‐scale with the reactor diameter of 0.261, 1.25, and 10.5 m, respectively, were simulated. The simulated results were in good agreement with the operation data. The model could be helpful in the operation optimization and reactor design. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: 1149–1161, 2019
GAPO syndrome in seven new patients: Identification of five novel ANTXR1 mutations including the first large intragenic deletion
Authors: Abdel‐Hamid Mohamed S. , Ismail Samira , Zaki Maha S. , Abdel‐Salam Ghada M. H. , Otaify Ghada A. , Issa Mahmoud Y. , Abdel‐Kader Mohamed , Girgis Marian , Aboul‐Ezz Eman , Mazen Inas , Aglan Mona S. , Temtamy Samia A.
Published: December 2018

GAPO syndrome is a very rare disorder characterized by growth retardation, alopecia, pseudoanodontia and progressive optic atrophy. It is caused by biallelic mutations in the ANTXR1 gene. Herein, we describe the clinical and molecular findings of seven new patients with GAPO syndrome. Our patients presented with the characteristic clinical features of the syndrome except for one patient who did not display total alopecia till the age of two years. Strikingly, optic atrophy and glaucoma were observed in all patients and one patient showed keratopathy in addition. Moreover, craniosynstosis was an unusual associated finding in one patient. Mutational analysis of ANTXR1 gene identified five novel homozygous mutations including two frameshift, two splice site and a large intragenic deletion of exon 3. Our results reinforce the clinical characteristics of the syndrome, expand the mutational spectrum and provide more insights into the role of the ANTXR1 protein in the regulation of extracellular matrix.
BDNF, endurance activity, and mechanisms underlying the evolution of hominin brains
Authors: Hill Tyler , Polk John D.
Published: December 2018

Objectives

As a complex, polygenic trait, brain size has likely been influenced by a range of direct and indirect selection pressures for both cognitive and non‐cognitive functions and capabilities. It has been hypothesized that hominin brain expansion was, in part, a correlated response to selection acting on aerobic capacity (Raichlen & Polk, 2013). According to this hypothesis, selection for aerobic capacity increased the activity of various signaling molecules, including those involved in brain growth. One key molecule is brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein that regulates neuronal development, survival, and plasticity in mammals. This review updates, partially tests, and expands Raichlen and Polk's (2013) hypothesis by evaluating evidence for BDNF as a mediator of brain size.

Discussion

We contend that selection for endurance capabilities in a hot climate favored changes to muscle composition, mitochondrial dynamics and increased energy budget through pathways involving regulation of PGC‐1α and MEF2 genes, both of which promote BDNF activity. In addition, the evolution of hairlessness and the skin's thermoregulatory response provide other molecular pathways that promote both BDNF activity and neurotransmitter synthesis. We discuss how these pathways contributed to the evolution of brain size and function in human evolution and propose avenues for future research. Our results support Raichlen and Polk's contention that selection for non‐cognitive functions has direct mechanistic linkages to the evolution of brain size in hominins.
Blood eosinophils may predict radiographic sinus opacification in patients with chronic rhinitis
Authors: Oh Seung Yong , Hwang Junho , Ryu Yoon‐Jong , Won Jun Yeon , Kwon Sung Ok , Lee Woo Hyun
Published: December 2018

Background

The association between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and chronic rhinitis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to estimate the predictive factors for sinus opacification in chronic rhinitis patients without obvious CRS.

Methods

We retrospectively studied a total of 332 adult patients with chronic rhinitis who visited our clinic from January 2015 to December 2017. All of the patients underwent endoscopic examination, allergy test, and osteomeatal‐unit computed tomography. The subjects were assigned to the normal sinus (NS) group (Lund‐Mackay score [LMS] <5) and sinus opacification (SO) group (LMS ≥5).

Results

A total of 288 patients were eligible for this study. Of them, 183 (63.5%) were classified in the NS group and 105 (36.5%) in the SO group. Total immunoglobulin E (IgE) level and peripheral blood eosinophil count were significantly higher in the SO than NS group (p = 0.031 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Using Pearson correlation coefficients, we determined that eosinophil count had a positive correlation with the LMS (r = 0.282). In logistic analysis, the interquartile range increase (0.19 × 109/L) of the eosinophil count was significantly associated with SO (odds ratio [OR] 1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30 to 2.39). After adjusting for age, gender, smoking, drinking, and underlying disease, the interquartile range increase of the eosinophil count increased the odds of SO to 1.69‐fold; this increase was statistically significant (p = 0.007; 95% CI, 1.17 to 2.43).

Conclusion

Peripheral blood eosinophil count is an independent predictor of CRS in patients with chronic rhinitis.
Oxovanadium(IV) and ruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes of ONS‐donor ligands derived from dehydroacetic acid and dithiocarbazate: Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant activity, DNA binding and in vitro cytotoxicity
Authors: Sarhan Amira M. , Elsayed Shadia A. , Mashaly Mohammad M. , El‐Hendawy Ahmed M.
Published: December 2018

A series of new complexes of oxovanadium(IV) [VO(L)(B)] and ruthenium(II) [Ru(CO)(PPh3)2(L)] (1.1- 1.3, 2.1–2.3) (H2L = dehydroacetic acid Schiff base of S‐methyldithiocarbazate, H2smdha (1) or S‐benzyldithiocarbazate, H2sbdha (2); B = 2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy) or 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen)) have been synthesized. The structure of these complexes was authenticated using elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques, and their magnetic properties and electrochemical behaviour were studied. The molecular structures of oxovanadium(IV) complexes [VO(smdha)(bpy)]⋅CH2Cl2 (1.1) and [VO(sbdha)(phen)]⋅2H2O (2.2) were confirmed using single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. Analytical data showed that the ligands 1 and 2 are chelated to the metal centres in a bi‐negative tridentate fashion through azomethine N, thiol S and deprotonated hydroxyl group. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was tested against 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) radical, which showed that the complexes demonstrate a better scavenging activity than their corresponding ligands. The cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity method was also employed and the total equivalent antioxidant capacity values were found to be higher for the oxovandium(IV) complexes. DNA binding affinity of the compounds was determined using UV–visible and fluorescence spectra, revealing an intercalation binding mode. Higher cytotoxicity for the complexes compared to their ligands was found against human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) cell lines using MTT assay.