bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Benefícios cardiovasculares relacionados ao uso de fármacos inibidores da proteína SGLT-2
Authors: Ferreira Matheus Leite , Coutinho Vanessa Erika Abrantes , Silva Mayara Furtado Araújo da , Carolino Rodolfo de Abreu , Dantas Francisco Samuel Estrela
Published: March 2024

Co-transportadores de sódio e glicose (SGLT) são proteínas que atuam transferindo sódio para o interior das células juntamente com glicose, de modo que o sub-tipo 2 (SGLT-2) consegue reabsorver a glicose filtrada. Em 2019, a American Diabetes Association, passou a recomendar o uso das drogas inibidoras do SLGT-2 em pacientes com doença cardiovascular aterosclerótica com risco para insuficiência cardíaca. Esses fármacos conseguem diminuir lesões cardíacas, reduzindo, assim, mortes, infarto do miocárdio não fatal, acidente vascular cerebral e hospitalizações por insuficiência cardíaca. Esse estudo buscará discutir os benefícios cardiovasculares obtidos ao uso dessas medicações. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura pautada na pergunta norteadora: “Quais os benefícios cardiovasculares que podem ser obtidos com o uso de medicações inibidoras da proteína SGLT-2?” com levantamento bibliográfico realizado na base de dados do PUBMED. Os Descritores Controlados de Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) utilizados foram: Sglt2; Insuficiência cardíaca. Assim, foram selecionados 40 ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados entre 2017 e 2023 de acordo com o objetivo da pesquisa e que se enquadravam nos critérios de inclusão: artigos publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol, cujos títulos e resumos mostraram-se estar de acordo com o propósito da revisão de literatura, indexados no banco de dados supracitado. Artigos repetidos, teses, dissertações e resumos de anais foram excluídos. A análise evidenciou os benefícios dos fármacos inibidores de SGLT-2: melhorias de via energética, efeitos antifibróticos e melhoria da qualidade de vida. Nos desfechos, observaram-se diminuição de hospitalizações, mortalidade e aumento da expectativa de vida.
Cassava hydrolysates used as substrates for the production of second-generation ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 26602 immobilized in sodium alginate spheres
Authors: Silva Mariane Daniella da , Cano João Pedro , Garcia-Cruz Crispin Humberto
Published: March 2024

Cassava has a prominent position in the Brazilian agriculture and economy. During the production of flour, a very large volume of residue is generated. One way to use these residues is through the production of ethanol. In this context, the present research aimed to use cassava residues as raw material for ethanol production. For this, sulfuric acid was used at concentrations of 1.0 to 5.0% during 5, 10 and 15 minutes of heating in an autoclave. The fermentation was carried out by Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 26602, and to achieve a better performance, it was immobilized in sodium alginate spheres. Ethanol production was also estimated using a synthetic medium added with glucose that served as a comparison standard. The results of the experiment showed that the highest concentration of reducing sugars obtained by the hydrolysis of the residue was with the use of 2.0% of H2SO4 with 15 min. heating at 121 ºC, releasing 56.26 g/L of reducing sugars. The parameters used that led to the highest production of ethanol by the yeast, 7.85 g/L of ethanol, were: pH of 6.5, growth temperature of 30 °C, without agitation. The results showed that cassava residues can be used as a potential substrate for ethanol production. Thus, this work presents data on the most suitable conditions for the use of these industrial wastes in order to generate less polluting fuel energy, an increasingly attractive feature in a world where economic and environmental concerns grow every day.
Os efeitos do uso do cigarro eletrônico na saúde dos usuários: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Rotta Amanda Eloise de Souza , Nascimento Rafaela Halabura do , Dal Prá Priscilla
Published: March 2024

Introdução: O cigarro eletrônico é um dispositivo de entrega de nicotina que ganhou popularidade desde sua criação, em 2003, tanto como método de cessação do tabagismo, quanto como uso recreativo. Sua atratividade, discrição e variedade de sabores despertam curiosidade, principalmente entre adolescentes e adultos jovens. Apesar de proibida, a comercialização desses dispositivos suscita preocupações, especialmente por ainda não haver evidências claras com relação à segurança, qualidade e efeitos. Objetivo: Elucidar os efeitos que o uso do cigarro eletrônico podem causar na saúde dos usuários. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com abordagem qualitativa descritiva com a busca de dados realizada, no período de março a outubro de 2023, nas bases Scielo, PubMed e LILACS. Utilizou-se os descritores, em inglês e português, “cigarro eletrônico", “nicotina”, “efeitos”, "saúde ", não “bucal”, não “dental”, não “grávida”, não “cessação de tabagismo”. Resultados: Inicialmente, 2.227 artigos foram identificados, sendo selecionados 24 estudos após os critérios estabelecidos. Discussão: Ainda que, aparentemente, o cigarro eletrônico seja inofensivo e menos tóxico que cigarro tradicional, a maioria dos artigos analisados relataram modificações orgânicas patológicas e uma relação prejudicial em diversos sistemas do corpo com alterações, principalmente, pulmonares e cardiovasculares, além de outros efeitos como hemodinâmicos, imunológicos, neoplásicos e toxicológicos. Conclusão: Há evidências que o uso do cigarro eletrônico causa danos à saúde, embora os dados acerca do assunto sejam limitados. Dessa forma, portanto, são necessários mais estudos a respeito do uso dos cigarros eletrônicos, visando, sobretudo, avaliar o impacto a longo prazo, a segurança, regulamentação e saúde pública.
Exogenous intoxication in patients treated at the Toxicological Information and Assistance Center during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Baptistella Melorie Kern Capovilla Sarubo , Ferrer Isabela Lemos , Oliveira Flávia Neri Meira de , Zatta Daniel Teles , Del Lama Vilma , Cunha Luiz Carlos da , Souza Joseane Prestes de , Magalhães Andrea Franco Amoras
Published: March 2024

Poisoning is defined as an adverse event resulting from the action of chemical substances that induces a pathology in an individual. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported three million hospital admissions occurring annually due to toxic exposure worldwide. The growth of SARS-CoV-2 infection cases in 2020 also significantly increased calls to Poison Centers due to exposure to cleaning products, hand sanitizers, and disinfectants in early March 2020 in the United States. Based on this scenario, it was hypothesized that the pattern of exogenous intoxication has changed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological profile of exogenous intoxications recorded by CIATOX-DF from March 2020 to February 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic. At that time, there was an increase in accidental, environmental, venomous, and non-venomous animal cases, especially in babies, pre-adolescents, adolescents (11 to 15 years old), and women, due to the greater exposure of this age group and gender who have spent more time in rural environments. Most poisonings were accidental. It was observed that there was a decrease in suicide cases, but within these cases, there was a trend increase in poisoning in pre-adolescents and adolescents (11 to 15 years old) compared to other ages, which can be related to an increase in anxiety within this age group. The main toxic agents were venomous and non-venomous animals. The pattern of high frequency in cases involving medicines, pesticides, and household cleaning products was maintained, with a significant increase in cases involving 70% alcohol. It was found that patients living in towns further away from the Pilot Plan in Brasilia suffer accidents involving venomous animals. Accidental and attempted suicide cases occurred more frequently in cities closer to the Pilot Plan region. We concluded that these changes were explained by the new pattern of social behavior during the pandemic.
Artificial Intelligence Applications Used in On-line Retail in China and Their Relationship to Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty
Authors: Ersoy Ayse B.
Published: March 2024

Artificial Intelligence is the creation of intelligent computers and smart computer algorithms that help machines understand human intelligence (IBM Cloud Education, 2021). Artificial Intelligence is created by analyzing behavior and patterns of big data. Artificial intelligence has existed since the 1950s (Song et al, 2019) but during recent times application of AI in various sectors like healthcare, business, entertainment, education, weather, and geology has picked up momentum. To cite a few well-known examples of Artificial Intelligence technology that are used by almost everyone in our day-to-day activities are advanced Google searches, YouTube recommendations, and Alexa (Song et al, 2019).
The advent of technology has brought about innovation and transformation to every aspect of the business world, including the retail industry. The shift in the retail sector becomes obvious when big brick-and-mortar retailers scale down their physical shops and gradually move part of their business online. Consumer attitudes toward online shopping can vary based on demographics, perceived risk, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness. Demographic characteristics can further be classified as sex, age, educational qualification, household income, and relationship status, to name a few.
In this study, the aim is to identify artificial intelligence applications and their use in online retail by Chinese consumers. A model has been developed to test the relationships between artificial intelligence applications used for online shopping and customer satisfaction and loyalty.
Considerations for Generative Artificial Intelligence in the Development of Open Education Resources
Authors: Burrell, Ph.D. James
Published: March 2024

The production of open education resources has contributed to increased access to academic literature and enhancement of global digital competency. While these public domain resources are primarily used in instruction, learning, and assessment academically, they are also used for corporate training programs. A primary advantage of open education resources is the ability to reuse, revise, remix, retain, and redistribute materials. The recent advancements in multi-modal generative artificial intelligence technologies provide the ability to produce of text, speech, audio, image, and video content that can be used for open education resources. This paper provides an overview of the potential benefits, risks, and considerations associated with the use of generative artificial intelligence systems to produce and contribute to open educational resources.
The Role of Non-Petroleum Production on the Economies of the GCC Countries
Authors: Alawin Mohammad
Published: March 2024

This study aims to examine the role of non-petroleum production on the economies of the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) countries for the study period from 1992 through 2021. GCC countries were adopting long-term plans to diversify the economy by expanding the base of domestic production to products other than petroleum. This study adopted an empirical model that depends on several variables to explain the development of economic growth. The model was estimated using a panel data regression method. The results found were generally consistent with the economic theory. The main finding of the model showed that the effect of domestic production of non-petroleum products was positive and statistically significant on economic growth. However, the road is still long. To achieve the goal of diversifying the economies to the point of substantial dependence on the non-petroleum sector, more efforts will be necessary.
A Multi-Faceted Approach to Teaching EMBA (Executive MBA) Courses
Authors: Berta Dom
Published: March 2024

The Bauer School of Business currently offers EMBA classes with a variety of features that we believe make it more appealing to its students, as follows:
• A detailed weekly syllabus before the start of the course, along with an introductory video
• Updated curriculum as a function of the class response and business maturity
• Case studies based on actual events, and lived by the instructor
• Regular presentations from current industry leaders be they from Finance, Negotiations, Project Management, A&D, Trading, and Management Consultants
• Specific classes run by industry executives, and business consultants on a pro-bono basis
• Individual business cases are built by the students based on actual situations.
• A weekly one-to-one discussion between the students and the instructor on the progress of their cases
• A flexible and honest environment
Students’ feedback has shown that they appreciate the style, structured informality, and close industry linkages that these classes offer.
Effect of Motivation and Job Satisfaction On the Employees Performance of Jakarta Senen Tax Service Office Through Organizational Commitment
Authors: Susanto Nanang , Suharto Suharto , Samosir Partogi Saoloan
Published: March 2024

This study aims to: 1) 1. To find out and analyze the effect of motivation and job satisfaction on organizational commitment; 2) To find out and analyze the effect of motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance; 3) To find out and analyze the effect of organizational commitment on employee performance; 4) To know and analyze the effect of motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance through organizational commitment.
The research was conducted at the Jakarta Senen Primary Tax Service Office with a sample of 80 respondents. The sampling technique uses random sampling. Methods of data analysis using descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis with path analysis.
The results showed that: 1) there is an effect of motivation and job satisfaction on organizational commitment, and 2) there is an effect of motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance. 3) there is an effect of organizational commitment on employee performance, and 4) there is no effect between motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance through organizational commitment at the Jakarta Senen Primary Tax Service Office. This means that the direct effect is greater than the indirect effect, and the organizational commitment variable cannot mediate between motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance at the Jakarta Senen Primary Tax Service Office.
Faculty Opinions of AI Tools: Text Generators and Machine Translators
Authors: Yitages Mahlet , Kasai Akie
Published: March 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools recently became a prominent concern in higher education classrooms. Many teachers have implemented the technology into their assignments, while others are strictly against this technology’s use for assignments. Either way, students have found ways to use it in their academic careers. Though research on the power of AI in the workplace exists, research is lacking in its appropriate use in higher education. Universities need to define AI’s role on campus and establish guidelines on how these tools may or may not be used and how faculty can recognize misuse, specifically related to academic integrity. This study aimed to determine how faculty view AI as a part of undergraduate literature, language, and linguistics programs. From the interview study, common themes emerged, including implementation, academic integrity, the human aspect of linguistics, and the future of AI writing tools. Interviewed faculty also stated that those in higher education must tread carefully through this strong intersection between technology and the arts to use AI responsibly, strategically, and ethically. KEYWORDS: Artificial Intelligence (AI); Artificial General Intelligence (AGI); Linguistics; Higher Education; ChatGPT; Machine Translation; Academic Integrity; Ethics
The Impact of Narratives on Healthcare Decision-Making in Online Discourse
Authors: Almaya Zayd , Mould Tom
Published: March 2024

This study examines first what type of evidence is most influential in online discussions for patients when making decisions about their health and second how people deploy, interpret, and react to stories in these online discussions to better understand the role and importance of narrative in the medical field. Data was gathered on the platform Reddit using the subreddit r/melanoma for a duration of two weeks. 242 posts were collected and analyzed. Using a combination of grounded theory and coding criteria from sociologist and narrative scholar Francesca Polletta, a code book was developed and applied to all 242 posts to assess narrative impact and engagement. Results demonstrate that evidence based on past experiences and factual information were the most persuasive. Additionally, stories yielded greater discussion, greater empathetic connections, and greater positive responses from online discussants than other forms of evidence. Further, those positive responses indicate that patients seeking medical advice were more likely to express agreement with the advice when it was offered with a story. Given these results, greater attention should be paid to narratives shared in online communities, particularly considering the levels of misinformation and disinformation found online and the evolving relationships between doctors and patients where authority is no longer so easily assumed. KEYWORDS: Narrative; Personal Experience; Fact; Evidence; Persuasion; Medical Decision-Making; Social Media
Role of Play-based Intervention in Managing Selective Mutism in a Young Child: A Case Study
Authors: Lee Sook Huey  , Saw Jo Anne  , Ramlee Fatanah
Published: March 2024

The available literature on play-based intervention for young children with selective mutism is limited. This case report describes the use of play therapy for a 6-year-old girl with selective mutism. The therapist used a child-centred play approach to establish rapport and engage in defocused communication and gradually introduced more directive play as part of stimulus fading. The improved score on the Selective Mutism Questionnaire (SMQ) indicated an increased frequency of verbalisation in various social settings. This case study suggests that play-based intervention provided a safe and engaging environment for young children with selective mutism to facilitate habituation to verbalise in social situations. This case report provides insights into the benefits of incorporating play therapy for young children with selective mutism.
A Critical Review on Training Evaluation Models: A Search for Future Agenda
Authors: Ambu-Saidi Badriya , Fung, C.Y.  , Turner, K.  , Lim, A.S.S.
Published: March 2024

This paper delves into the intricate landscape of training transfer evaluation, exploring some models, strengths, and areas for improvement in assessing the effectiveness of training programs. This paper aims to analyse and compare training transfer evaluation models using a scoping review methodology. By examining their strengths, weaknesses and unique characteristics, the paper seeks to pinpoint opportunities for enhancement. The discussion centres around seminal works such as Kirkpatrick's Four-Level Model, Kaufman and Keller's Five Levels of Evaluation, the Phillips Return on Investment Model, Warr et al.’s Context, Input, Reaction and Outcome Model and Brinkerhoff’s Six-Stage Model, Bushnell’s input, process, output model. The paper underscores the importance of a comprehensive and adaptable approach to training transfer evaluation, emphasising the need for hybrid models that integrate strengths while addressing weaknesses. The exploration extends to measuring tools and research methods that enhance evaluation practices. The sequential explanatory mixed methods design emerges as an exemplar of a research methodology that seamlessly combines quantitative and qualitative approaches to offer a richer understanding of training transfer. As the paper concludes, it advocates for continuous research efforts to refine models, incorporate emerging technologies, and align evaluation practices with learning and organisational development dynamics. By revealing gaps in current knowledge and identifying previously unknown areas for improvement in training transfer, this paper contributes novel insights to the field of training transfer.
Boosting Year 4 Science Education: A Dynamic Blend of Paper-Based and Computerized Board Games
Authors: Sim Kah Ching , Othman Mohd Kamal
Published: March 2024

This study examines using Paper-Based and Computerised Board Games with collaborative learning to enhance science learning involving 48 Year 4 participants from National-Type Chinese Primary Schools (24 Male and 24 Female). The study utilises a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative (pre-tests, post-tests, questionnaires) and qualitative (classroom observations, interviews) data to investigate the unique strengths of these pedagogical approaches. Paper-based Board Games with Collaborative Learning (CL) showed the most substantial impact on academic performance, motivation, and social interaction compared to Computerised Board Games with collaborative learning. The research suggests that paper-based board games might be a more effective tool for educators using CL to create engaging learning experiences in science for young students. Additionally, no significant difference between genders was observed in the learning scores. Further research with more extensive and diverse samples, longitudinal studies, and exploration in different contexts are recommended to broaden the understanding of these methods' effectiveness across various settings and learning goals.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PROSES FILLING AND PACKING DI PERUSAHAAN AGRIKULTUR
Authors: Fereste Safira , Naryono Eko
Published: March 2024

Suatu perusahaan manufaktur dalam menghasilkan produk yang baik hingga mencapai target, memerlukan metode untuk meningkatkan produktivitas para operatornya. Setiap harinya dalam melakukan proses produksi, Perusahaan agrikultur memberlakukan pembagian kerja operator menjadi 3 shift dengan total jam kerja per shift 8 jam.  Beban kerja pada area produksi dalam tiap shiftnya perlu dilakukan evalusi agar lebih efektif. Dengan demikian dapat diketahui apakah pembagian beban kerja tiap pekerjaan yang dilakukan oleh masing – masing operator telah merata. Hal ini bertujuan menghindari adanya beberapa operator yang mendapatkan beban kerja melebihi batas standart. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis beban kerja masing – masing operator dalam satu area produksi filling and packing. Penentuan beban kerja operator dilakukan dengan menggunakan Time Motion Analysis dengan alat stopwatch untuk mendapatkan cycle time per masing – masing kegiatan. Setelah melakukan analisis beban kerja menggunakan Time Motion Analysis, peneliti dapat memberikan usulan kepada Perusahaan agrikultur agar Perusahaan agrikultur dapat meningkatkan produktivitas operator. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu beban kerja operator pada Perusahaan agrikultur belum merata. Berdasarkan % beban kerja  OPT 1 dan OPT 2 bisa dilakukan oleh satu orang karena pada supply botol telah menggunakan mesin unscramble. Berdasarkan % beban kerja OPT 6 melebihi standart dikarenakan proses pembuatan box dilakukan secara manual.
ANALYSIS OF ECO ENZYME CHARACTERISTICS WITH VARIATION OF “TAPE” YEAST CONCENTRATIONS
Authors: Karimah Miftahul , Lusiani Cucuk Evi
Published: March 2024

Eco enzyme is a multipurpose liquid which produced from organic waste. The liquid made with the ratio of raw materials in the form of brown sugar: organic waste: water is 1:3:10 which is processed using a fermentation process for 90 days. One method to shorten the fermentation time is adding yeast as catalyst throughout the fermentation process. This research aims to analyze the characteristics of the eco enzyme with variations in “tape” yeast concentrations. Raw material used in this research included organic waste (orange and melon peels with a ratio of 1:1), brown sugar, water, and “tape” yeast (yeast concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%w/v) through fermentation process for ten days. The eco enzyme products were tested to determine the pH value, TDS value, acetic acid content, aroma, color and protease enzyme activity. The analysis results showed that the pH value of eco enzyme products was in the range of 3.9 to 4.1, TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) value of 1339 to 1405 ppm, acetic acid content of 0.81 to 1.08%w/w, had bright yellow and deep yellow color with a fermented aroma. The selected eco enzyme product in this research was on eco enzyme with yeast concentration of 3 %w/v which had pH value of 3.9 TDS value 1403 ppm, acetic acid content of 0.81%w/w, and the color was bright yellow with fermented aroma. However, there was no clear zone around the colony in the test indicating that there was no protease enzyme activity.
ANALISIS EKONOMI PRARANCANGAN PABRIK KIMIA PEMBUATAN PAKAN IKAN LELE DARI MAGGOT DENGAN KAPASITAS 20.000 TON/TAHUN
Authors: Ananda Sabrina Allfany , Sa’diyah Khalimatus
Published: March 2024

Budidaya ikan lele yang berkembang dari tahun ke tahun memicu peningkatan kebutuhan pakan ikan lele. Ketersediaan pakan ikan lele tidak sebanding dengan jumlah budidaya ikan lele yang pesat. Bahan baku utama pakan ikan yang tergolong mahal menjadi kendala, sehingga dibutuhkan bahan baku alternatif. Maggot merupakan bahan baku alternatif yang memiliki harga yang ekonomis dan mudah didapatkan. Pendirian pabrik pakan ikan lele bahan baku maggot ini menjadi salah satu solusi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pakan ikan. Untuk menilai kelayakan pabrik pakan ikan lele diperlukan evaluasi ekonomi. Pabrik direncanakan didirikan di Malang, Jawa Timur dengan kapasitas 20.000 ton/tahun dan beroperasi selama 330 hari/tahun, 24 jam per hari dengan 185 pekerja. Tahapan evaluasi ekonomi yang dilakukan yaitu perhitungan analisis kelayakan dan analisis profitabilitas. Hasil analisis ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa Total capital investment (TCI) yang dibutuhkan sebesar Rp20.238.228.232,00 dan estimasi Total Production Cost (TPC) sebesar Rp125.318.503.015,00. Laba kotor sebesar Rp6.681.496.985,00 dan laba bersih sebesar Rp1.949.449.096,00. Rate of Investment (ROI) bernilai 28% dan Payout Time (POT) selama 3,51 tahun. Break event point (BEP) bernilai 55% dari kapasitas, Shutdown Point (SDP) berada di kapasitas 41%, dan nilai Internal rate of return (IRR) sebesar 26,75%. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi ekonomi menunjukan pabrik pakan ikan bahan baku maggot layak didirikan.
PERBANDINGAN ANALISIS PARAMETER MOISTURE CONTENT FLAVOUR POWDER MENGGUNAKAN MOISTURE ANALYZER DAN OVEN
Authors: Rodhiyah Rodhiyah , Rahmatulloh Arief , Firdaus Refrina Charissadi
Published: March 2024

Moisture content merupakan kadar air yang dimiliki oleh setiap produk makanan. Moisture atau kadar air dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan jamur yang dapat memengaruhi ketahanan suatu produk, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan analisa moisture content pada produk sebelum produk diedarkan dipasaran. Pada penelitian dilakukan pada sebuah perusahaan yang memproduksi berbagai produk makanan dan perisa rasa. Kemudian parameter moisture content dianalisa menggunakan dua metode drying atau pengeringan yaitu menggunakan alat moisture analyzer dan oven. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memperoleh perbandingan antara nilai moisture content yang dianalisa menggunakan alat moisture analyzer dan oven sehingga dilakukan variasi pada sampel yang digunakan sebagai variabel bebas yaitu massa sampel 1 gram, 2 gram, dan 3 gram serta suhu operasi dari alat yaitu 50°C,60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C, 120°C, 130°C, dan 140°C. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dilakukan perhitungan dan di plotkan pada grafik untuk mengetahui nilai perbandingan moisture content dari flavour powder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan moisture analyzer lebih efektif dan efesien untuk menganalisa parameter moisture content dibandingkan dengan oven karena dalam proses drying tidak membutuhkan waktu yang lama serta nilai moisture content yang dihasilkan lebih akurat.
PENGARUH JENIS PELARUT DAN JUMLAH PELARUT PADA EKSTRAKSI MASERASI LIMBAH KULIT BAWANG MERAH TERHADAP BIOPESTISIDA YANG DIHASILKAN
Authors: Elinaningtyas Risky , Wibowo Agung Ari
Published: March 2024

Pestisida adalah bahan yang dibutuhkan untuk menghentikan hama agar para petani dapat panen. Para petani banyak menggunakan pestisida sintesis tanpa mengetahui efek samping yang ditimbulkan dari penggunaan pestisida sintesis, sehingga dibutuhkannya pestisida tanpa memiliki efek samping terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pestisida yang lebih aman pada lingkungan yaitu dengan biopestisida dari kulit bawang merah dengan menggunakan proses ekstraksi maserasi. Biopestisida yang baik dapat ditinjau dari hasil yield yang dihasilkan pada proses maserasi, hasil yield yang dihasilkan dapat bergantung pada jenis pelarut dan perbandingan bahan dengan pelarut, sehingga pada penelitian ini memiliki variabel pada penelitian ini yaitu jenis pelarut dan jumlah pelarut pada saat proses ekstraksi maserasi. Jenis pelarut yang digunakan adalah metanol dan aquades sedangkan jumlah pelarut yang digunakan yaitu 1:10; 1:20; dan 1:30 (b/v). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian jenis pelarut dan perbandingan massa bahan dan volume pelarut yang menghasilkan yield tertinggi adalah jenis pelarut aquades dengan perbandingan 1:30 (b/v) dengan nilai yield yang didapatkan 10,15
PENGARUH VARIASI SUHU DAN LAJU ALIR TERHADAP KINERJA PERTUKARAN KALOR SISTEM FLUIDA FORMALIN-GLISEROL MENGGUNAKAN SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER PADA ALIRAN LAMINER
Authors: Alidifan Fakhryan , Chalim Abdul
Published: March 2024

Heat Exchanger adalah suatu peralatan yang menyebabkan terjadinya perpindahan panas dari suatu fluida dengan suhu lebih tinggi ke fluida lain yang suhunya lebih rendah. Alat penukar kalor yang selalu digunakan dalam proses produksi atau operasi mengakibatkan efektivitas dari alat ini mengalami penurunan kinerja maupun kerusakan alat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pengaruh laju alir dan suhu pemanas terhadap NTU dan efektivitas, untuk mendapatkan nilai overall heat transfer coefficient (U) sehingga didapatkan nilai NTU dan efektivitas alat heat exchanger terbaik. Metodologi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah melakukan eksperimen secara langsung menggunakan alat shell and tube heat exchanger 1-1 dengan variabel tetap yang digunakan ialah formalin dengan suhu 25 ◦C, laju alir 1 L/min dan variable bebas yang digunakan adalah gliserol sebagai fluida panas dengan laju alir 0,8; 1,2; 1,6; 2; 2,4 L/min , suhu 44, 48, 52, 56, 60 ◦C, dan konsentrasi 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15% . Hasil analisa yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah nilai NTU dan efektivitas terbaik pada konsentrasi 35% dengan suhu 44◦C laju alir pemanas 2,4 L/menit sebesar NTU 0,76 efektivitas 0,97. Didapatkan nilai Overall Heat Coefficient (U) untuk sistem fluida formalin-gliserol sebesar 168,35 W/m2.K. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh konsentrasi dan laju alir ialah semakin meningkat konsentrasi dan laju alirnya maka semakin meningkat pula nilai NTU dan efektivitas yang didapat, sebaliknya apabila suhu meningkat maka NTU dan efektivitas cenderung menurun.
PEMANFAATAN TONGKOL JAGUNG DALAM PEMBUATAN KARBON AKTIF DENGAN AKTIVATOR NaOH DAN Na2CO3
Authors: Safitri Dea Isma , Hendrawati Nanik , Ramadhana Rucita
Published: March 2024

Tongkol jagung adalah salah satu limbah perkebunan jagung yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan karbon aktif dengan kelebihan antara lain biaya proses rendah, kadar abu yang rendah, dan ramah lingkungan. Hal ini didukung dengan permukaan berpori serta adanya kandungan senyawa karbon yang cukup tinggi, yaitu selulosa (41%) dan hemiselulosa (36%) di dalam tongkol jagung sehingga berpotensi sebagai bahan pembuat karbon aktif. Proses pembuatan karbon aktif terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu tahap persiapan bahan, tahap pirolisis, dan tahap aktivasi karbon aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum pembuatan karbon aktif dari tongkol jagung dengan memvariasikan jenis aktivator, konsentrasi aktivator, dan lama waktu pirolisis terhadap kualitas karbon aktif yang diperoleh. Tahap persiapan bahan berupa proses pencucian dan size reduction dari tongkol jagung. Kemudian dilanjutkan proses pirolisis dengan menggunakan furnace selama 2 dan 4 jam pada suhu 550°C. Hasil pirolisis atau karbonisasi tongkol jagung dihaluskan kemudian diayak dengan ukuran 60 mesh. Setelah itu dilanjutkan proses aktivasi menggunakan dua jenis aktivator yaitu NaOH dan Na2CO3 dengan variabel konsentrasi 0,5 N; 1 N; dan 2 N. Analisis karbon aktif yang diperoleh berupa analisis kadar air, kadar abu, dan daya serap iodin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif dengan kadar air dan kadar abu yang relatif rendah namun memiliki daya serap yang cukup tinggi dimana masih memenuhi SNI 06-3730-1995 dihasilkan dengan waktu proses pirolisis selama 4 jam dan aktivator NaOH 0,5 N.
PEMANFAATAN TUMBUHAN ECENG GONDOK DAN BATOK KELAPA SEBAGAI EKSTENDER PEREKAT UREA FORMALDEHID
Authors: Muhtada Detra Sifa Shal Sabila , Santosa Sandra , Aribah Salwa Fairuza Ayu , Sulistio Any
Published: March 2024

Kayu lapis (plywood) adalah material yang tersusun dari 3 atau lebih vinir yang diikat dengan perekat. Perekat plywood yang banyak digunakan di Indonesia ialah Urea Formaldehid. Penggunaan perekat murni untuk industri plywood menyebabkan penggunaan biaya yang tinggi pada industri. Oleh karena itu penggunaan perekat untuk plywood dapat ditambahkan dengan ekstender. Selain itu penggunaan bahan ekstender dapat meningkatkan kualitas perekat seperti dapat meningkatkan daya rekat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari alternatif bahan untuk pembuatan ekstender yang berasal dari tumbuhan. Tumbuhan yang digunakan yaitu eceng gondok dan batok kelapa. Pemilihan tumbuhan tersebut dikarenakan tingginya kandungan selulosa yang dapat menaikkan viskositas, kandungan protein dan lignin untuk menambah daya rekat sehingga limbah tersebut digunakan sebagai tepung ekstender. Tahapan percobaan pada penelitian ini yang pertama adalah membuat tepung dari limbah eceng gondok dan batok kelapa, kemudian tepung tersebut akan dicampur dengan perekat Urea Formaldehida dengan kadar ekstender eceng gondok yaitu 3,5 %, 4,5 %, 5,2 % (b/v) dan ekstender batok kelapa 24%, 30%, 34% (b/v) masing-masing dari volume perekat cair. Setelah itu dilakukan pengaplikasian campuran perekat tersebut pada vinir sengon untuk membuat plywood, kemudian plywood tersebut akan dilakukan pengujian viskositas, bonding strength dan delaminasi untuk mengetahui keteguhan rekat dari perekat cair yang telah dicampur dengan tepung ekstender. Kadar penambahan ekstender terbaik pada penelitian ini adalah eceng gondok 3,5% dan batok kelapa 24%, hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai bonding strength yang tinggi serta tidak mengalami delaminasi.
PERANCANGAN ALAT REAKTOR PADA PRARANCANGAN PABRIK DISPROPORTIONATED ROSIN DARI GONDORUKEM GRADE WG DENGAN KAPASITAS 3000 TON/TAHUN
Authors: Fajri Aulia Romadhona Jihad Al , Rahma Anne , Naufal Muhammad , Ilma Novita , Chumaidi Achmad , Dewi Ernia Novika
Published: March 2024

Potensi pinus cukup besar dan menguntungkan ditinjau dari populasi hutan pinus di Pulau Jawa yaitu sekitar 876 Ha. Salah satu hasil pengolahan pinus adalah gondorukem yang memiliki karakteristik tidak stabil dan mudah teroksidasi. Disproportionated rosin (DPR) merupakan produk inovasi dari gondorukem yang lebih stabil, tahan panas dan oksidasi serta banyak diaplikasikan sebagai adiktif untuk tinta cetak, cat, ban, dan kertas. Proses pengolahan gondorukem menjadi DPR melalui reaksi netralisasi memerlukan reaktor. Tujuan perancangan alat ini adalah mendesain reaktor pada prarancangan pabrik DPR dari gondorukem grade WG dengan kapasitas 3000 ton/tahun. Hasil perancangan reaktor berupa reaktor dengan tipe continuous stirred tank reactor dilengkapi pengaduk jenis three bladed propeller. Reaktor memiliki ukuran sebesar 444,22 m3 dengan tinggi 14,21 m, dan diameter sebesar 3,35 m. Impeller berukuran 13,11 m dengan diameter sebesar 1 m. Reaktor menggunakan desain tutup atas dan bawah berupa standard dished head dengan material penyusun yaitu stainless steel (SA 167 grade 3 type 304).
 
Kata kunci: disproportionated rosin, gondorukem, reaktor CSTR,
PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI BISNIS: SOSIALISASI TEKNOLOGI CLOUD UNTUK PENGELOLAAN PERSEDIAAN BENGKEL MOTOR
Authors: Sumasto Fredy , Imansuri Febriza , Purwojatmiko B. Handoko , Aminudin Muhammad , Saputra Alfiolani
Published: March 2024

Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) yang dilakukan bertujuan meningkatkan keberlangsungan bisnis Bengkel Motor melalui sosialisasi manajemen persediaan berbasis cloud. Melalui desain dan implementasi Mini Sistem Inventory Control (Mini SICo), program ini berfokus pada meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan pengelolaan persediaan pada pemilik dan karyawan bengkel. Kegiatan ini meliputi kunjungan lapangan, sosialisasi konsep manajemen persediaan, dan demonstrasi penggunaan Mini SICo. Hasilnya menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam pemahaman mitra tentang manajemen persediaan dan respons positif terhadap sosialisasi serta implementasi alat bantu ini. Evaluasi program menunjukkan bahwa Mini SICo memberikan solusi praktis untuk optimalisasi persediaan dan memberikan kontribusi nyata pada peningkatan daya saing dan keberlangsungan bisnis bengkel motor di masa depan.
The Community Service Program (PKM) aims to improve the business sustainability of motorcycle repair shops through the socialization of cloud-based inventory management. Through the design and implementation of the Mini Inventory Control System (Mini SICo), this program focuses on improving the understanding and skills of inventory management in workshop owners and employees. The activities included field visits, socialization of inventory management concepts, and demonstration of the use of Mini SICo. The results showed a significant increase in partners' understanding of inventory management and a positive response to the socialization and implementation of this tool. The program evaluation showed that Mini SICo provided a practical solution for inventory optimization and made a real contribution to improving the competitiveness and future sustainability of the motorcycle workshop business.
PENDAMPINGAN PENGELOLAAN BUMDES DI DESA PISAK KABUPATEN BENGKAYANG
Authors: Beni Sabinus , Vuspitasari Benedhikta Kikky , Atlantika Yeremia Niaga , Salfarini Eligia Monixa , Manggu Blasius , Usman
Published: March 2024

Kegiatan pendampingan pengembangan unit pariwisata Bumdes Desa Pisak dilaksanakan pada tanggal 06 Desember 2023 dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pengurus POKDARWIS dan Bumdes dalam mengembangkan unit pariwisata Bumdes. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah ceramah/tutorial tatap muka. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah peserta mendapatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan baru mengenai pengembangan unit pariwisata Bumdes, yang meliputi: Pengertian unit pariwisata Bumdes, Jenis-jenis unit pariwisata Bumdes, Perencanaan dan pengembangan unit pariwisata Bumdes, Operasional dan pemasaran unit pariwisata Bumdes. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat mendorong peningkatan kualitas pengelolaan unit pariwisata Bumdes dan meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat Desa Pisak melalui sektor pariwisata.
Assistance activities for the development of the Pisak Village Bumdes tourism unit were carried out on 06 December 2023 with the aim of increasing the knowledge and skills of POKDARWIS and Bumdes administrators in developing the Bumdes tourism unit. The method used in this activity is face-to-face lecture/tutorial. The result of this activity is that participants gain new knowledge and skills regarding the development of Bumdes tourism units, which include: Understanding Bumdes tourism units, Types of Bumdes tourism units, Planning and development of Bumdes tourism units, Operations and marketing of Bumdes tourism units. It is hoped that this activity can encourage improvements in the quality of management of the Bumdes tourism unit and increase the income of the Pisak Village community through the tourism sector
PELATIHAN DARING STRATEGI PENGAJARAN SAKUBUN BAHASA JEPANG TINGKAT DASAR DALAM MEMANFAATKAN AI SEBAGAI MEDIA BELAJAR
Authors: ALIFAH RAHMA , Hargo Saptiaji  , Indun Roosiani
Published: March 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan tambahan untuk para pengajar bahasa asing, khususnya bahasa Jepang dalam melakukan pengajaran dan memberikan feedback yang tidak menguras waktu, tenaga, dan pikiran saat proses penilaian pada mata pelajaran mengarang atau sakubun. Kegiatan PkM ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 13 Mei dan 10 Juni 2023 pada pukul 13.00 WIB, dengan metode pelatihan daring menggunakan platform zoom. Sekitar 20 orang guru mengikuti kegiatan ini. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan ilmu tambahan kepada para guru dalam melaksanakan pengajaran mata pelajaran sakubun dan memberikan feedback pada hasil sakubun siswa agar tidak terlalu memakan banyak waktu, tenaga, dan pikiran dengan penggunaan template sakubun. Lalu dipaparkan juga penggunaan berbagai macam AI. Kegiatan kali ini hanya mencotohkan penggunaan google slide, lalu para peserta diajak untuk mencoba mengerjakan template yang ada di google slide dengan berdiskusi di breakout room. Dalam penggunaan google slide, secara otomatis akan dikoreksi secara gramatikal, sehingga guru tidak hanya fokus kepada kesalahan gramatikal. Selanjutnya, untuk lebih meringankan pengajar dalam memberikan feedback, penulis menyarankan untuk dibuatkan template sakubun terlebih dahulu, sehingga siswa lebih mudah mengerjakannya dan guru juga lebih ringan mengoreksi hasilnya.
 
This community service (PkM) activity aims to provide additional knowledge for foreign language teachers, especially Japanese in teaching and providing feedback that does not drain time energy, and thoughts during the assessment process in the subject of writing or in Japanese is sakubun. This PkM activity was hold on May 13 and June 10, 2023 at 13.00 WIB, by online training method using the zoom platform. about 20 teachers participated in this activity. This activity aims to provide additional knowledge to teachers in teaching sakubun subjects and providing feedback on student sakubun results so that it does not take too much time, energy, and thoughts by using sakubun template. the use of various AIs was also explained. This activity only exemplifies the use of google slides, then the participants are invited to try to work on the template in google slides by discussing in the breakout room. In using google slides, it will automatically be corrected grammatically, so that teachers do not only focus on grammatical errors. Furthermore, to make it easier for teachers to give feedback, the author suggests making sakubun templates in advance, so that students are easier to work on and teachers are also lighter to correct the results.
Path Algorithms for Contact Sequence Temporal Graphs
Authors: Gheibi Sanaz , Banerjee Tania , Ranka Sanjay , Sahni Sartaj
Published: March 2024

This paper proposes a new time-respecting graph (TRG) representation for contact sequence temporal graphs. Our representation is more memory-efficient than previously proposed representations and has run-time advantages over the ordered sequence of edges (OSE) representation, which is faster than other known representations. While our proposed representation clearly outperforms the OSE representation for shallow neighborhood search problems, it is not evident that it does so for different problems. We demonstrate the competitiveness of our TRG representation for the single-source all-destinations fastest, min-hop, shortest, and foremost paths problems.
Flight Simulation of Fire-Fighting Aircraft Based on Multi-Factor Coupling Modeling of Forest Fire
Authors: Liu Hu , Liu Siliang , Tian Yongliang
Published: March 2024

Forest fires can develop rapidly and may cause a wide range of hazards. Therefore, aerial firefighting, which has the ability to respond and reach fire fields quickly, is of great significance to the emergency response to and subsequent extinguishing of forest fires. The burning of forest fires generates a lot of heat and smoke, which changes the air flow environment and vision over the region and brings challenges to aerial firefighting. In the present work, aerial forest firefighting simulation was divided into the forest fire spread model, the air flow model and the aircraft flight dynamic and automatic control model. Each model was constructed based on a physical method. An integrated framework was designed to realize the interaction among fire fields, airfields, and aircraft, and is verified. The proposed framework can be used for the emergency response decision of aerial forest fire fighting and subsequent fire-fighting mission planning.
Comparative Evaluation of Analytical Techniques for Quantifying and Characterizing Polyethylene Microplastics in Farmland Soil Samples
Authors: Wang Zaibin , Wang Xufeng , Hu Can , Ge Tida , Wang Long , Xing Jianfei , He Xiaowei , Zhao Yachuan
Published: March 2024

The presence of microplastics in soil has become a significant global concern, posing a threat to environmental, agricultural, and human health. However, the use of various detection methods has led to significant discrepancies in the statistics reported for the abundance of soil microplastics across the available literature, resulting in poor comparability across the available literature. Studies have shown that plastic film residue is among the main primary sources of microplastics in farmland soils. Therefore, we manufactured and selected polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) from plastic film and combined them with soil samples after density separation treatment, forming a spiked test soil sample, which was subjected to density separation and extraction using a ZnCl2 solution. The experiment used visual inspection by stereo microscopy, micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectrometry, laser direct infrared imaging, and pyrolysis-gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy for the quantitative analysis of spiked soil. This study systematically assessed and compared these five common soil microplastic detection methods. The results revealed different quantitative detection accuracies across various particle size ranges. Micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed a broader applicable particle size range (20–5000 μm) and higher detection rate (91%), while the detection range (>50 μm) and rate (70%) of visual inspection through stereo microscopy were lower. For the identification of microplastic morphology, laser direct infrared imaging performed better, whereas micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy had the advantage in determining the types of polymers present over micro-Raman spectrometry. The advantages, disadvantages, and detection rates of the above five detection methods were clarified during the detection process. Considering these findings and similar studies, we suggest three combinations of the evaluated methods to optimize the detection of PE-MPs.