bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of higher education on body weight
Authors: Greve Jane , Weatherall Cecilie Dohlman
Published: August 2019

A large and growing body of literature has examined the causal impact of schooling on health and health behaviors. Most of this research exploits changes in education due to compulsory schooling requirements and thus the effect is estimated at a margin—one more year of schooling—at the lower end of the education distribution. This paper is the first paper to estimate the causal effect of higher education, i.e., more than two years in addition to 12 years of primary and secondary education (e.g., a Bachelor of Art degree or a Master of Art degree), on body weight. To identify the causal effect we exploit a reform of the Danish student’s grant scheme in 1988, which involved a grant increase of approximately 60% and apply an instrumental variable approach. The grant scheme covers students’ costs of living throughout their college education. We found that completing a higher education significantly reduced the probability of being overweight (Body Mass Index >25) among men. This effect is identified for a group of people that are much more likely to come from a low income background.A large and growing body of literature has examined the causal impact of schooling on health and health behaviors. Most of this research exploits changes in education due to compulsory schooling requirements and thus the effect is estimated at a margin—one more year of schooling—at the lower end of the education distribution. This paper is the first paper to estimate the causal effect of higher education, i.e., more than two years in addition to 12 years of primary and secondary education (e.g., a Bachelor of Art degree or a Master of Art degree), on body weight. To identify the causal effect we exploit a reform of the Danish student’s grant scheme in 1988, which involved a grant increase of approximately 60% and apply an instrumental variable approach. The grant scheme covers students’ costs of living throughout their college education. We found that completing a higher education significantly reduced the probability of being overweight (Body Mass Index >25) among men. This effect is identified for a group of people that are much more likely to come from a low income background.Published: Online August 2019.
Non-Required CEO Disclosures and Stock Price Volatility
Authors: Butler Frank C. , Evans Randy , Lamb Nai H. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2019

Personal life events of a chief executive officer (CEO) can generate tensions between the CEO’s right to personal privacy and the desire of shareholders for information. Such circumstances can create information asymmetry between the executive management and the shareholders of a firm, a situation likely to produce unfavorable pressures on an organization’s stock price. Failure to fully disclose material personal life events can impact the decision-making actions of the CEO, causing the stock price of the firm to vacillate as a result of rumors and other informational uncertainties. These vacillations in stock price may impact a firm’s liquidity, increase the cost of capital, and affect long term returns to shareholders. We draw upon the ethical leadership and signaling theory literatures to demonstrate how a firm can reduce stock price volatility through a CEO making non-required disclosures that reduce information asymmetry.
The Patient-Pathologist Consultation Program: A Mixed-Methods Study of Interest and Motivations in Cancer Patients
Authors: Lapedis Cathryn J. , Horowitz Jennifer K. , Brown Lisa , Tolle Brian E. , Smith Lauren B. , Owens Scott R.
Published: August 2019

Context.—

There is a wide disconnect between patients and the pathologists who make their diagnoses. Recent literature highlights successful programs in which patients meet with pathologists to review their pathology reports and see their tissue under a microscope. We do not know how many patients are interested in such a service, nor do we understand what drives interested patients to want to meet with their pathologist and what specific value it may provide.

Objective.—

To quantify patient interest in a patient-pathologist consultation program and qualitatively assess motivations for patient interest or disinterest.

Design.—

Subjects were recruited from an academic cancer center and a local community cancer support group to respond to a survey about their interest in a patient-pathologist consultation program. Both online forms and paper surveys were available. The online survey was promoted via social media.

Results.—

There was a high level of patient interest, with 75% of respondents indicating they were definitely interested in a patient-pathologist consultation program. Key themes of interest were enhanced understanding of the diagnosis and disease, an opportunity to demystify the diagnostic process, and the perception that additional knowledge would empower the patient.

Conclusions.—

In a select group of cancer patients, there is a very high level of interest in a patient-pathologist consultation program. Pathologists, clinicians, and hospital leadership should work together to pilot these programs in diverse settings. Additional quantitative work to scale interventions for the interested population and qualitative work to design effective, patient-centered consultation programs and to assess value are needed.
Phytosociology of the arboreal component in an area of Spring, Pernambuco
Authors: Silva Roseane Karla Soares da , Feliciano Ana Lícia Patriota , Marngon Luiz Carlos , Lima Rosival Barros de Andrade , Freire Fernando José
Published: August 2019

This study aimed to know the phytosociological composition of the arboreal component in an area of spring in Sirinhaém - PE. Ten plots (10 m x 25 m) were arranged in rays above the springs and distributed systematically in 5 lines, separated by a 45° angle, each. In each line, 2 plots were allocated, at an interdistance of 25 m. In each plot, all individuals with CAP ≥ 15 cm were sampled, which were measured and had the estimated height. The phytosociological parameters were analyzed and an admissible sampling error of 20% and probability level of 95% was adopted. The calculated sampling error was 18%, lower than that established. The spring had a density of 1,236 individuals ha-1, with an estimated basal area of  27,647 m2 ha-1. Tapirira guianensis was characterized by a combination of large numbers of individuals, high dominance and high frequency, demonstrating that it is a species with wide distribution in the area. Regarding the relative frequency, in addition to T. guianensis, Eschweilera ovata and Inga flagelliformis were distinguished. The highest values of absolute dominance were of the species T. guianensis and Virola gardneri. In terms of Importance Value, the highlight was on T. guianensis and V. gardneri.
A inserção da prática como Componente Curricular em um curso de Licenciatura em Matemática: um estudo de caso em cálculo diferencial e integral
Authors: Barbosa Paulo Roberto , Vieira Livia Carolina , Tiago Graziela Marchi
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir a inserção da Prática como Componente Curricular (PCC) em um curso de Licenciatura em Matemática de um Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, abordando alguns trabalhos desenvolvidos e planejados mais especificamente para a disciplina de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral. A legislação atualmente vigente para formação inicial em nível superior de cursos de licenciatura está estabelecida pela Resolução nº. 2/2015 do CNE/CP de 01 de julho de 2015 que em seu artigo 13, dentre outros, estabelece que estes cursos deverão ter, no mínimo, 3.200 horas de efetivo trabalho acadêmico, sendo no mínimo 400 horas de PCC. Desta maneira, estudos voltados às práticas formativas que vêm sendo oferecidas mostram-se essenciais para compreensão e melhoria destas PCC aplicadas aos cursos de Licenciatura desenvolvidos nos Institutos Federais. Dentre as perspectivas alcançadas estão a possibilidade de aplicação destas atividades na educação básica e a formação de professores reflexivos, preocupados em alinhar adequadamente a prática e a teoria.
Análise do perfil vertical do vento no Centro de Lançamento de Alcântara com uso de Análise de Componentes Principais
Authors: Silva Paola do Nascimento , Corrêa Cleber Souza
Published: August 2019

O objetivo deste estudo é fazer uma análise do comportamento do perfil vertical do vento, utilizando dados de radiossondagem no Centro de Lançamento de Alcântara (CLA), por meio do uso da técnica estatística multivariada da Análise das Componentes Principais (ACP), verificar se há presença de fluxos no perfil vertical do vento. Estes fluxos podem caracterizar circulações locais e estar associados com circulações do tipo brisa marítima, e também pode estar associado a circulações ao nível de mesoescala sinótica, tais como os Jatos de Baixos Níveis (JBN). Os resultados mostraram que nas três primeiras componentes no período noturno há presença de JBN, com 85% da variância explicada. A ocorrência dos JBN apresentou alturas típicas nas componentes, sendo a primeira com altura de 800 metros (direção média 60 a 70 graus), a segunda com altura de 400 metros (direção média 40 a 50 graus) e a terceira com 200 metros (direção média 50 a 60 graus). Tais JBN encontrados podem estar associados a processos relacionados a Camada Limite Planetária (CLP) no período noturno, como por exemplo o vento máximo de inversão e brisas.
A percepção de educadores indígenas sobre meio ambiente: uma breve análise
Authors: Ramos Albanice de Souza , Querino Carlos Alexandre Santos , Nogueira Eulina Maria Leite , Lima Renato Abreu
Published: August 2019

A percepção ambiental configura-se como uma ferramenta essencial para a compreensão do comportamento humano em relação ao ambiente e para o planejamento de ações que promovam a sensibilização e o desenvolvimento de posturas éticas e responsáveis perante o local em que vivem. As discussões em torno da percepção ambiental têm se destacado nos últimos anos. Com isso, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender a percepção ambiental de docentes indígenas apresenta sobre meio ambiente com a sua cultura e com a educação. A referida pesquisa fundamenta-se numa abordagem qualitativa por ser tratar de um artigo de revisão. O trabalho foi realizado através de pesquisas descritiva e exploratória que visa analisar o material produzido nos trabalhos científicos obtido nas plataformas SCIELO, Google acadêmico, PubMed, MEDLINE e LILACS. Para a realização da seleção final das obras foram feitas leituras sobre cada uma das publicações com a intenção de averiguar-se a pertinência de cada um dos estudos para com a questão norteadora. Utilizaram-se as seguintes combinações de palavras-chave: educadores ambientais, educação indígena, percepção ambiental e meio ambiente. De acordo com os termos de busca, foi possível acessar centenas de pesquisas científicas, entre teses, dissertações e artigos. Com base nos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que os professores indígenas adquirem conhecimentos, valores e ações de sensibilização frente às questões ambientais. Diante disso, percebe-se que a necessidade da construção de projetos mais eficazes de parcerias para que ocorram significativas trocas, onde haja reconhecimento e valorização desses conhecimentos.
Comparação de modelos de regressão entre variáveis quantitativas e categóricas nos estudos de qualidade de vida de idosos
Authors: Espinosa Mariano Martinez , Oliveira Nathany Luzia de , Rodrigues Dayane de Carvalho , Alves Bryan Mariano Martínez , Marcon Samira Reschetti
Published: August 2019

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito das variáveis socioeconômicas, aspectos de saúde e dos domínios do WHOQOL-BREF e WHOQOL-OLD na qualidade de vida global dos idosos por meio de dois modelos estatísticos: regressão linear múltiplo quantitativo e regressão de Poisson múltiplo categórico.  Geralmente em estudos de qualidade de vida é aplicado o modelo de regressão linear múltiplo quantitativo, no entanto os escores desta variável frequentemente não seguem um comportamento linear, mesmo realizando uma transformação dos dados da variável resposta, conforme foi verificado no presente estudo, indicando que o modelo de regressão quantitativo não foi adequado aos dados considerados. Nesta situação e também considerando que este estudo é transversal, uma alternativa foi aplicação do modelo de regressão de Poisson múltiplo com os escores da variável dependente categorizados. Neste estudo, apenas o modelo Poisson múltiplo foi adequado aos dados e com ele foi constatado que as variáveis que conjuntamente apresentaram maiores riscos na qualidade de vida foram: percepção de saúde doente, não realiza caminhada e escores dos domínios físico e psicológico; menor que a mediana.
Potabilidade da água de poços artesianos: diagnóstico de amostras dos municípios do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Peixoto Sandra Cadore , Merlugo Carolina Denardi , Maciel Anderson , Solner Tiago Barboza
Published: August 2019

A água potável é toda água própria para consumo. Deve ter certa quantidade de sais minerais dissolvido, estar livre de materiais tóxicos e micro-organismos. É considerada um recurso indispensável ao homem. Um dos principais problemas está relacionado à contaminação da água, ou seja, este recurso vem sendo poluído de tal maneira que já não se pode consumi-lo em seu estado natural. Contudo, apesar de todos os esforços para armazenar e diminuir seu consumo, está se tornando um bem escasso e sua qualidade se deteriora cada vez mais rápido. Dessa forma, as águas subterrâneas vêm se constituindo como uma importante alternativa para abastecimento hídrico de comunidades. Considerando a relevância deste tema, este estudo busca fazer um diagnóstico da qualidade da água de poços artesianos da Região Central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, a fim de comprovar a potabilidade perante aos parâmetros da legislação vigente. Para isto os procedimentos experimentais realizados foram: determinação do valor de pH; turbidez; temperatura; sólidos totais dissolvidos; cor; dureza e concentração residual de ferro. A avaliação dos resultados obtidos neste estudo foi baseada nos padrões de potabilidade estabelecidos na Portaria nº 518, de 25 de março de 2004, do Ministério da Saúde.
Influência das variáveis ambientais sobre a macrofauna bêntica de praias arenosas
Authors: Santos Marcos Eduardo Miranda , Ferreira Camila Nascimento
Published: August 2019

O ambiente praial é sem dúvida um dos sistemas mais dinâmicos que existem. As praias conectam continentes e oceanos e abrigam uma vasta gama de espécies terrestres e marinhas, muitas das quais são utilizadas para a alimentação humana e outros fins de grande importância ecológica e econômica. São formadas por diversos minerais originados do desgaste de rochas terrestres e pela ação das ondas; transporte eólico ou fluvial, ou ainda produzidos por organismos vivos. Além disso, são ambientes instáveis que sofrem interferência de uma vasta gama de fatores abióticos, que por sua vez apresentam um amplo espectro de variações em escalas de tempo curtas (diurnas) ou longas (anuais). Já existe uma vasta gama de informações acerca das praias arenosas, no entanto, as mesmas encontram-se dispersas, confundindo os estudantes e pesquisadores iniciantes nessa área. Portanto, apresenta-se aqui uma breve síntese do conhecimento já produzido sobre esse ambiente, com destaque para a influência das variáveis ambientais sobre a macrofauna bêntica desses ecossistemas.
Novos modelos alimentares das populações, em prol da segurança alimentar: um panorama da produção científica internacional
Authors: Santos Paula da Silva , Cheung Thelma Lucchese , Espejo Marcia Maria dos Santos Bortolocci
Published: August 2019

Os sistemas alimentares e as técnicas da produção agropecuária estão diante de desafios complexos, enunciados pelos 17 Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Agenda 2030 (ODS), por exemplo, ao atender a segurança alimentar e nutricional de toda população humana, uma preocupação da Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), quando a mesma propõe as necessárias transformações nos sistemas agrícolas, nas economias rurais e na forma como são administrados os recursos naturais. Essa ação visa alcançar um mundo livre de fome, desnutrição e qualidade de vida. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa apresenta uma revisão sistemática da bibliografia que trata do tema segurança alimentar, com o objetivo de coletar as principais discussões sobre os novos modelos alimentares das populações. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de ordem descritiva e de abordagem qualitativa. Para o tratamento dos dados coletados, utilizou-se do software Start. As palavras-chave utilizadas para a revisão sistemática foram: “food safety” AND “new food model” AND “food industry”, na base de dados Sciency Direct. Por conta do método de coleta empregado, obteve-se 13 artigos internacionais, que discutiam novos modelos alimentares das populações. São considerados textos que propiciam novos campos de pesquisa e de avanços das práticas alimentares.
Hvad har Hans Hansen og Brug Brugsen tilfælles? – Om sproglæring, identitet og biblioteksbetjeningen af etniske minoriteter
Authors: Elbeshausen Hans
Published: August 2019

Folkebibliotekerne har i de senere år udviklet nye koncepter for betjening af etniske minoritetsgrupper i Danmark. Målgrupperelateret kulturarbejde, etablering af læringscentre samt skabelsen af eksterne kommunikations- og kompetencenetværk er vigtige resultater af det igangværende udviklingsarbejde. Læring, empowerment og audience development er teoretiske koncepter, der styrer udviklingsprocessen. I artiklen rettes opmærksomheden på et aspekt af bibliotekernes kulturarbejde, som fortjener en mere indgående drøftelse: nemlig sproglæring. Artiklens formål er at præsentere forskellige tilgange til sproglæring; fokus ligger på sprogstimulering, sproglig opmærksomhed og lørnersprog. Sproglæringsaktiviteter ses i relation til folkebiblioteket som et biblioteksfagligt rum, et diskursivt rum og et læringsrum. I artiklen argumenteres for, at bibliotekernes orientering mod sprogproduktet (dansk eller modersmålet) forhindrer dem i at få øje på de behov, der opstår i forbindelse med minoritetsgruppernes effektive sprogudøvelse. Det centrale spørgsmål er: hvordan kan folkebibliotekerne skabe opmærksomhed om og respekt for den sproglige identitet, der bliver til i kulturmødet mellem dansk kultur, oprindelseskulturen og det etniske community’s kultur i Danmark.
Kolofon
Authors: Nielsen Hans Jørn
Published: August 2019

3. årgang, nr. 1, udgivet april 2007 ISSN 1604-7869 ISSN (online) 1901-1040 © Forfatterne og Danmarks Biblioteksskole. Det er tilladt at kopiere frit til privat brug med tydelig kildeangivelse. Kopiering i større omfang til undervisningsbrug o.l. kan kun ske efter indhentning af forfatternes og Danmarks Biblioteksskoles tilladelse eller i henhold til kopieringsaftale med Copy-Dan. Redaktion: Hans Jørn Nielsen (ansvh.) Marianne Lykke Nielsen Camilla Moring Jette Hyldegård Redaktør af dette nummer: Hans Jørn Nielsen Layout: Bruno Kjær Illustationer til dette nummer Henrik Godsk
Ambisjoner og utfordringer: Bibliotekaren i et profesjonsteoretisk perspektiv
Authors: Sandberg Anita
Published: August 2019

ANMELDELSE:Schreiber,T & Elbeshausen, H (2006). Bibliotekarerne: En profession i et felt af viden, kommunikationog teknologi, T. Schreiber & H. Elbeshausen (red.).Fredriksberg: Forlaget Samfundslitteratur. 221 s.
Browsing i bibliotekskataloger ved hjælp af Topic Maps
Authors: Bøckman Knut Anton
Published: August 2019

Artiklen begrunder og beskriver opbygningen af et emnekort (topic map) på basis af et større humanistisk forskningsbiblioteks katalogposter. Formålet er tredelt – materialeintegration i søgefladen, udvidet browseadgang til gavn for en broget brugergruppe og semantisk støtte til emnevokabularet. Der beskrives, hvordan en ontologi opbygges og udvikles til en første prototype, som vurderes med henblik på den grundlæggende funktionalitet. Endelig vurderes, hvordan emnekort kan benyttes på mindre skala i bibliotekssammenhæng.
Gruppemedlemmers informationsadfærd : En undersøgelse af Kuhlthau’s informationssøgeproces-model
Authors: Hyldegaard Jette
Published: August 2019

På baggrund af to længerevarende case-studier af gruppemedlemmers adfærd i forbindelse med udarbejdelsen af en projektopgave, undersøges det hvorvidt gruppe-medlemmers informationsadfærd afviger fra den individuelle informationssøgers adfærd i Carol Kuhlthau’s ISP (Information Search Process)- model, samt hvordan denne adfærd relaterer sig til personlige, sociale og kontekstuelle faktorer. En række kvalitative metoder har bidraget til at udforske, belyse og besvare undersøgelsens forskningsspørgsmål. Flere ligheder blev fundet i forhold til ISP-modellen, men også mange forskelle, som viste sig at være relateret til kontekstuelle, sociale og personlige faktorer. Grupper udgør ikke én kognitiv enhed, men består af medlemmer med forskellig adfærd, som dynamisk interagerer mellem et gruppe- og et individniveau – samt mellem de undersøgte faktorer. En udvidelse af Kuhlthau’s model med fokus på gruppemedlemmer præsenteres, GMIC-modellen (Group Member in Context), og det konkluderes at akademisk opgave- og problemløsning må antages at være endnu mere kompleks når den udføres i en gruppebaseret sammenhæng. Undersøgelsens implikationer for fremtidig forskning og praksis præsenteres afslutningsvis.
Serendipitetsfaktorer og brugeradfærd på det fysiske bibliotek
Authors: Björneborn Lennart
Published: August 2019

I en eksplorativ undersøgelse blev der gennem 10 måneder i 2006 observeret og interviewet biblioteksbrugere på Københavns Hovedbibliotek og det nybyggede filialbibliotek i Vanløse. De to folkebiblioteker blev valgt for at supplere hinanden i relation til størrelse, indretning og brugersammensætning. De to overordnede forskningsspørgsmål i undersøgelsen var, hvilke typer informationsadfærd brugere benytter sig af til at finde materialer i fysiske biblioteksrum, samt hvilke faktorer i fysiske biblioteksrum, der kan påvirke muligheder for serendipitet, dvs. uplanlagte fund. Det overordnede formål med undersøgelsen var at udvikle modeller for samspillet mellem brugeres informationsadfærd og bibliotekets fysiske ’brugergrænseflader’. Ud fra observationer, interviews og tænke-højt-sessioner med brugere blev der lavet en model for, hvordan brugere finder materialer ved forskellige kombinationer af konvergent (målrettet) adfærd og divergent (eksplorativ) adfærd. Undersøgelsen viser, hvor sammensat og situationelt betinget brugernes hverdagspraksis kan være i biblioteket, og hvordan konvergent og divergent brugeradfærd kan påvirke og afløse hinanden ved samme biblioteksbesøg. Brugernes hverdagspraksis indbefatter bl.a. forskellige former for cross-over-adfærd og indirekte bruger- til-bruger-formidling. Identificerede serendipitetsfaktorer i det fysiske bibliotek inkluderer uhindret adgang, diversitet, eksponering, kontraster, markører, uperfekte sprækker, krydskontakter, ’multi-reachability’ (mange adgangsveje), ’explorability’ og ’stopability’.
Metadata, langtidsbevaring af e-arkivalier og LO-fagforbundenes elektroniske informationssystemer
Authors: Jørgensen Jesper
Published: August 2019

Med udgangspunkt i begreberne metadata og langtidsbevaring af e-arkivalier og af resultaterne af en spørgeskemaundersøgelse af de danske LO-fagforbunds e-systemer forsøges det at besvare problemstillingerne: Lever forbundene op til standarderne? Og kan der forventes at være tilstrækkelig metadata til at sikre en tilfredsstillende langtidsbevaring af forbundenes e-arkivalier? Af undersøgelsen tegner der sig for det første et billede af, at de mindre forbund endnu ikke benytter sig af e-systemer; at de mellemstore forbund har udvidede e-registre i form af medlems- og a-kassesystemer; og at de store forbund har EDH/ESDH. For det andet kan man konkludere, at der på nær et par store forbund er en klar tendens til at vælge standardløsninger (fx FESD-systemer), der må vurderes som den bedste garant for tilstrækkelig metadata. Til gengæld forfølges en anden bevaringsstrategi, end den der anbefales på området, hvilket kan gøre bevaringen af den fremtidige, historiske kildemasse vanskelig.
The analogue library in the digital world. Professional education and the changing face of librarianship
Authors: Tredinnick Luke
Published: August 2019

Artiklen undersøger forskningsbibliotekernes aktuelle udfordringer i perspektivet af de senere års udvikling i forskningspublicering og informationssøgning. Artiklen hævder, at biblioteksprofessionen står over for en række alvorlige udfordringer. Traditionelt har biblioteker spillet en central rolle i facilitering og supportering af forskningsprocessen ved at stille information til rådighed og gøre denne tilgængelig. I de seneste to årtier er denne rolle i stigende grad blevet undermineret af udviklingen i forskningspublicering, informationssøgning og genfinding. I takt med at informationsprocessens “indhold” er flyttet til digitale platforme, er biblioteket ikke længere det tyngdepunkt, hvorom forskningsprocessen bevæger sig. Artiklen argumenterer for, at der er brug for at gentænke, hvordan biblioteksprofessionen kan tilføre informationssamlinger yderligere værdi gennem professionelle aktiviteter, der har betydning for forskningsprocessen og fremtidens institutioner. Artiklen hævder, at der er brug for, at biblioteksprofessionen engagerer sig kritisk i de grundlæggende debatter og tendenser, der informerer forskningsaktiviteter. En måde at tilvejebringe dette kritiske engagement kan være via en ny generation af biblioteks- og informationsfaglige kvalifikationer og kompetencer.
LibGuide som social platform
Authors: Nielsen Susanne , Kjær Berit Volder , Andersen Bente Thorup
Published: August 2019

Artiklens formål er at belyse udviklingsprojektet omkring udformningen af e-læringsværktøjet LibGuide.LibGuide er planlagt som en digital og didaktisk værktøjskasse, der skal understøtte informationskompetence i gymnasierne. Undervisere og bibliotekarer skal sammen ved brug af værktøjet udarbejde undervisningsforløb. Det er formålet herved at højne både kvaliteten af undervisningen og udviklingen af elevernes informationskompetence. LibGuide er planlagt til at skulle understøtte en kommunikativ forståelse og samarbejdet mellem eleverne og bibliotekar/lærer, dvs. der er fokus på det sociale aspekt. Artiklen viser at de nævnte mål indebærer et eksplorativt udviklingsforløb. Udviklingen af et værktøj, der skal indfri de nævnte samarbejdsmæssige aspekter, forudsætter en evalueringsproces, hvor der gives tid til erhvervelsen af mange erfaringer og refleksioner.Artiklen gør rede for de ideer, der ligger bag udviklingen af prototypen i fase 1 samt hvilket indhold denne første prototype havde. Dernæst beskrives fase 2, hvorledes prototypen er anvendt i undervisningen, hvordan den blev evalueret og herunder hvilke resultater der kom ud af dette. I artiklens sidste del gennemgås fase 3, nemlig kravspecifikationen, der bygger på de nævnte resultater samt øvrige erfaringer.Afslutningsvis reflekteres der over projektets forløb.
Crime au féminin dans le roman africain francophone : l’exemple de Kouty, mémoire de sang d’Aïda Mady Diallo
Authors: Togola Adama
Published: August 2019

Cet article propose une lecture du crime au féminin dans le roman africain contemporain à partir de l’ouvrage de Chrystèle Bellard sur la criminalité féminine et de travaux sur la vengeance. Il prend appui sur le roman Kouty, mémoire de sang d’Aïda Mady Diallo. Si le crime au féminin est assez rare dans la littérature francophone d’Afrique, l’on observe, avec ce roman de Diallo, une écriture qui mêle récit historique, mémoriel et policier. En effet, ce roman propose une expérience particulière de l’écriture policière qui relève d’une vision singularisée de l’individu confronté aux violences et au désir de vengeance. Nous montrerons que, dans Kouty, mémoire de sang, cette vengeance fondatrice permet non seulement de confronter les valeurs : tolérance et intolérance, et amour et haine, mais soumet aussi la démarche de Kouty aux souvenirs tragiques de la disparition de ses parents.
The Unexpected Survival of Employer Collective Action in the United Kingdom
Authors: Demougin Philippe , Gooberman Leon , Hauptmeier Marco
Published: August 2019

Recent research within employment relations has identified how employer collective organizations continue to thrive in countries featuring different institutional characteristics. In the UK, we identify 447 membership-based Employer Organizations (EOs) active within employment relations and human resource management. The volume of organizations identified prompts our research question: what explains the changing role and activities of UK EOs?

Country-level studies of EOs continuation use a range of theoretical frameworks to analyze how these organizations have adapted to institutional and economic change, but the most effective mode of analysis is debated. Our contribution is to apply Schmitter and Streeck’s identification of logics driving the behaviour of employer collective organizations, previously applied to coordinated market economies as defined by the Varieties of Capitalism framework, to the UK’s liberal market economy. The article explores the extent to which liberalization prompted new behaviour within UK EOs.

Some studies argue that EOs in coordinated market economies adapt by prioritizing logics driving influence over those linked to membership. We explore how the UK’s changing political economy spurred evolution in the application of logics and find that the opposite happened. EOs once used participation within collective bargaining agreements and the governance of tripartite bodies to prioritize the logic of influence but these institutions decayed. It might have been expected that such decay would have caused a withering of EOs but they reconstituted themselves instead. The declining salience of the logic of influence prompted employer bodies to focus to a greater degree on the logic of membership by offering a broader range of member-focused services. Our findings indicate that employer collective bodies can react to liberalization with adaptation, not extinction. We also argue that our methodology could shed light on EOs behaviour in North America.
Les défis d’une nomenclature commune des professions pour l’étude de la mobilité intergénérationnelle en France et au Québec1
Authors: Remillon Delphine , Kempeneers Marianne , Lelièvre Eva
Published: August 2019

Il existe en France une longue tradition d’étude de la mobilité sociale, mais pendant longtemps les processus de transmission professionnelle au sein des familles n’ont été étudiés que de père en fils. Au Canada, ces analyses sont moins fréquentes, en raison du peu de données disponibles et parce que les nomenclatures se prêtent difficilement à un codage hiérarchique des professions. Tirant parti des enquêtes Biographies et entourage (INED) et Biographies et solidarités familiales au Québec (Université de Montréal), nous pouvons étudier les transmissions sur plusieurs générations de façon comparative entre la France et le Québec et identique pour les femmes et les hommes. Il a d’abord fallu coder les professions d’une manière comparable et adaptée à l’étude de la mobilité sociale. L’appui sur la nomenclature française, qui décrit les structures socioprofessionnelles de façon stable dans le temps, a permis de recréer des catégories hiérarchiques pour le Québec également. Le présent article rend compte de ces questions méthodologiques et du potentiel de ces deux enquêtes pour analyser la mobilité sociale.
L’accès à l’enseignement postsecondaire au Québec : le rôle de la segmentation scolaire dans la reproduction des inégalités
Authors: Laplante Benoît , Doray Pierre , Tremblay Émilie , Kamanzi Pierre Canisius , Pilote Annie , Lafontaine Olivier
Published: August 2019

Au Québec, l’enseignement secondaire est segmenté en filières qui forment un système qui favorise la reproduction des inégalités. Notre objectif est d’estimer l’effet de ce système sur l’accès à l’enseignement postsecondaire et de faire apparaître son rôle d’intermédiaire entre l’origine sociale et l’accès. Nous utilisons les données administratives du ministère de l’Éducation et de l’Enseignement supérieur (MÉES) sur les élèves d’un échantillon d’un quart de la cohorte entrée au secondaire en 2002-2003 et deux mesures du capital scolaire et du capital économique des familles. Nous estimons un système d’équations structurales où la filière joue le rôle de variable intermédiaire. Nous utilisons également une approche pseudo-expérimentale pour évaluer l’avantage net que donne l’enseignement privé. Nos résultats montrent que l’accès à l’enseignement postsecondaire varie selon la filière fréquentée au secondaire, que la fréquentation de chacune d’elle est liée au capital scolaire de la famille et que l’avantage net que donne l’enseignement privé varie en raison inverse de la position de chacune dans la hiérarchie des filières.
Bandwidth analysis of AC magnetic field sensing based on electronic spin double-resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
Authors: Yamaguchi Tatsuma , Matsuzaki Yuichiro , Saito Shiro , Saijo Soya , Watanabe Hideyuki , Mizuochi Norikazu , Ishi-Hayase Junko
Published: August 2019

We have recently demonstrated an AC magnetic field sensing scheme using a simple continuous-wave optically detected magnetic resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. This scheme is based on electronic spin double-resonance excited by continuous microwave and radiofrequency (RF) fields. Here, we measure and analyze the double-resonance spectrum and magnetic field sensitivity for various microwave and RF frequencies. We observe a clear anticrossing of RF-dressed electronic spin states in the spectrum and estimate the bandwidth to be approximately 5 MHz at a center frequency of 9.9 MHz.
Review of Microgrids and Associated Protective Systems
Authors: A. Aminu Maruf
Published: August 2019

In this century, the human appetite for electrical energy is the highest in history. This high demand for electricity results in increased need for power generation. The current power network is put under pressure to ensure high-quality generation, transmission and distribution of power. The network, in most countries, is aging – requiring higher resources in order to satisfy present-day challenges, in addition to the need to minimize power losses and optimize power production. These challenges have necessitated innovative power production techniques, such as the microgrid. The operation of microgrid comes with emerging challenges. This paper articulates and reviews some of the most noticeable challenges of utility and microgrid operations. The paper also presents some of the recent proposals for microgrid protection, as well as the limitations associated with these proposals.
Characterization of Growth and Virulence of Five Nigerian Isolates of Entomopathogenic Fungi Using Galleria mellonella Larvae for Pathogenicity Testing
Authors: Kalesanwo A. O. , Adebola M. O. , Borisade O. A.
Published: August 2019

Entomopathogenic fungi (EF) are naturally occurring insect population regulators, with several species that are exploited as biocontrol agents against insect pests. Five EF consisting of two strains of Isaria farinosa, (IF-I and IF-II) and one strain each of Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and Entomophaga sp. (Sensu lato) were isolated from soil using Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) (Herbst) larvae as bait. The isolates were cultured on standard Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) (Sigma-Aldrich, UK) and identified based on phenotypic appearance and micro-morphology. Growth rates (mm day-1), number of conidia per cm2 colony area after incubation for 14 days at ambient temperature (25±2°C), viability of conidia (% germination), based on 24-hours incubation period and virulence of the infective conidia against Galleria mellonella were evaluated. The data on growth was subjected to analysis of Variance (ANOVA) procedure and means were separated using Tukeys Honestly Significant Difference (P=0.05). The number of conidia produced by Entomophaga sp was (7.0×105 conidia cm 2 per colony area), while the isolate of M. anisopliae produced (5.2×104 conidia cm2 per colony area). The number of conidia produced by the two isolates of I. farinosa, IF-I and IF-II and B. bassiana were 9.4×104, 7.2×104 and 2.1×105 conidia cm2 per colony area respectively. Eighty percent of Entomophaga sp conidia germinated after incubating for 24 hours at 25°C while 100% germination occurred in the other fungal isolates. There were statistically significant variabilities in the rates of growth of the EF isolates F(4,2.064) =12.97, P=0.001. The B. bassiana isolate had the fastest growth rate, with statistically significant value of 3.3 mm day-1. The rates of growth of the two I. farinosa isolates: IF-I, IF-II and M. anisopliae were comparable, being 1.53, 1.4 and 1.28 mm day-1 respectively, without statistically significant difference. The growth rate of Entomophaga sp was 2.0 mm day-1, which was significantly higher than the growth rates of I. farinosa and M. anisopliae. The mean percentage mortality values of, G. mellonella larvae treated with 1×108 conidia ml-1 of the infective conidia of I. farinosa, IF-I, IF-II, M. anisopliae, after five days were 70, 60, 60% respectively while Entomophaga sp and B. bassiana caused 50% mortality. The results suggest that the five isolates examined can potentially be developed into experimental formulations and tested against important horticultural pests in future studies.
Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Freshly Sold Amaranthus viridis in Ile-Ife, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Olaniyi F. T. , Akaniro I. R. , Oguh C. E. , Fashina C. D. , Ahmed I. , Ezeh C. C.
Published: August 2019

Amaranthus viridis is known to have excellent nutritional value because of its high content of essential micronutrients which are considered heat labile, thus little or no heat is applied during its preparation to destroy microbial contaminants acquired during planting, harvesting or processing. This study was conducted to characterize pathogenic bacteria isolated from freshly sold Amaranthus viridis and determine their susceptibilities to commonly used antibiotics. Fresh, green and firm Amaranthus viridis were collected at different retail and cultivation sites across Ife Central Local Government Area of Ile–Ife and microbiologically assayed for the presence of pathogenic bacteria such as Shigella species and Escherichia coli using standard methods described by APHA. The result shows that 21 isolates were recovered of which 7 isolates showed characteristics of Shigella which appear colourless without a black centre on SSA and 5 isolates were typical of Escherichia coli with characteristic green metallic sheen on EMB agar. The isolates were all sensitive to ofloxacilin, more than 86% of the isolated Shigella spp. and Escherichia coli exhibited multi resistance to other antibiotics especially nitrofurantoin and amoxicillin. This study concludes that the freshly sold Amaranthus viridis in Ile-Ife were contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, hence, the result creates awareness on the dangers of consuming these vegetables.
Pattern of Antenatal Care Services Utilization in a Mission Hospital in Ogbomoso South-west Nigeria
Authors: Awotunde Olufemi Timothy , Amole Isaac Olusayo , Adesina Stephen Adesope , Adeniran Adenike , OlaOlorun David Akintayo , Durodola Adewumi Ojeniyi , Awotunde Titilope Abisola
Published: August 2019

Aim: To examine the pattern of antenatal care services (ANC) utilization in Baptist Medical Centre, Ogbomoso, a mission hospital with a focus on individual, family, religious and socio-economic factors affecting ANC utilisation.

Study Design: The study was a cross-sectional prospective study.

Place and duration of the study: The study was conducted among antenatal care seekers who attended antenatal care at the Baptist Medical Centre, Ogbomoso (now Bowen University Teaching Hospital) between August 1, 2002 and May 31, 2003.

Methodology: The pretested questionnaire was used to obtain the following information: sociodemographic characteristics, family type, parity and booking gestational age in weeks. Analysis was done using SPSS 16. Proportions were determined and statistics presented in tables. Chi-square test was done to determine the association between variables.

Results: A total of 442 pregnant women were recruited for the study. The age range of attendees was 13 – 48 years with a mean age of 29.2±5.3. Maternity service use was associated significantly with ANC attendance. Other factors associated with antenatal care attendance included: University educational status (p < .001), civil servant (p < .001) christianity (p = 0.006), residing in Ogbomoso (p < .001), class 1 social status (p < .001) and being told by doctor (p = 0.033).

Conclusion: The study unveiled educational status, occupation, social status, place of domicile, religion and need for maternity service use as factors positively associated with ANC utilization in the Baptist Medical Centre Ogbomoso.
3D Ordered Macroporous VO2 Thin Films with an Efficient Thermochromic Modulation Capability for Advanced Smart Windows
Authors: Zhuang Bainiu , Dai Zhengfei , Pang Shaofang , Xu Huiyan , Sun Lan , Ma Fei
Published: August 2019

Thermochromic smart windows can provide innovative energy savings via intelligently modulating the transmittance of indoor solar radiation to reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning in buildings. Vanadium dioxide (VO2) has desirable thermochromic properties and great prospects in smart windows. Herein, 3D ordered macroporous (3DOM) VO2 films are prepared via a sacrificial colloid template method. The as‐fabricated 3DOM VO2 films exhibit a pure monoclinic phase with a uniform layout, controllable thickness and domain sizes, and excellent optical properties. Compared to a nontemplated film, the 3DOM structured VO2 exhibits improved thermochromic performance with a high solar modulation ability (ΔTsol) of 10.8% and an ultrahigh visible transmittance (Tvis) of 71.1%. In the near‐infrared region, a large contrast transmittance of 59.5% at 2500 nm is obtained for the 3DOM VO2 film. Such excellent optical properties arising from the 3DOM structure are also demonstrated by finite element analysis. This work offers a promising way to manipulate the optical properties of a VO2 thermochromic film via structural engineering for the deployment of smart windows.
Controlled Multichannel Surface Plasmon Polaritons Transmission on Atomic Smooth Silver Triangular Waveguide
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Wang Chi , Chen Huan , Zhang Chengyun , Zhang Zhenglong , Fang Yurui , Zheng Hairong
Published: August 2019

The application of plasmonic devices is considered as one promising solution for overcoming the limitation of traditional electronic devices. The critical challenges of plasmonic transmission devices include the control accuracy of large‐scale signal transmission and energy loss reduction. The 2D plasmonic waveguide provides a good platform on surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) multimode excitation and emission manipulation. Here, an atomic smooth triangular waveguide with controllable multichannel transmission and relative long 1/e decay length is demonstrated. Corresponding SPPs excitation and propagation process are investigated through far‐field and near‐field distributions both experimentally and numerically. It is found that two different SPPs propagation modes can be selectively excited and supported on the surface of the 2D waveguide, and the propagation path can be controlled by the interference of the SPPs modes. The collimated beams with tunable period are also achieved on this waveguide via utilizing the interference between the reflected SPPs and the SPPs propagating from the other side of the plate through the edge. This work provides high‐performance 2D plasmonic waveguides with a comprehensive analysis of surface plasmon, which may have potential applications in 2D microplate‐based integrated photonic devices.
Motile Artificial Chromatophores: Light‐Triggered Nanoparticles for Microdroplet Locomotion and Color Change
Authors: Salmon Andrew R. , Cormier Sean , Wang Wenting , Abell Chris , Baumberg Jeremy J.
Published: August 2019

Gold nanoparticles coated with a poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) shell undergo reversible dis/assembly below and above the critical temperature of 32 °C. Loading these particles into microdroplets at high density creates light‐driven artificial chromatophores. Triggering the nanoparticle assembly gives dramatic color changes from nanoparticle localization at the base of the droplets, resembling zebrafish melanophores. These reversible chromatophore states can be switched by both bulk and optical heating, explored here in individual microdroplets and in large cm2 areas of close‐packed droplets. Illuminating chromatophores off‐center with a tightly focused beam results in droplet locomotion via two separate mechanisms, Marangoni interfacial shear and gas bubble propulsion, depending on optical power.
Immunological Consequences of Nanoparticle‐Mediated Antitumor Photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Hameed Sadaf , Mo Shanyan , Mustafa Ghulam , Bajwa Sadia Z. , Khan Waheed S. , Dai Zhifei
Published: August 2019

Conventional phototherapies have been thought to destroy the malignant cells through apoptosis or necrosis, shut down tumor microvasculature, and activate the host immune system. Accumulating evidence indicates that photothermal agents stimulate both innate and adaptive arms of host immune systems by i) priming tumor antigen–specific T‐cell responses, ii) attracting lymphocytes into the tumor site, and iii) modulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the salutary effect of traditional phototherapies is hindered by its limited penetration depth in tissues. Recent advances in cancer immunotherapies have significantly transformed the landscape of cancer treatment from conventional phototherapies to most standard cancer therapy regimen. Therefore, phototherapies synergized with immunotherapy, maximize the anticancer efficacy by overcoming immunosuppressive TME and elucidating immune responses outside the irradiation area. This synergism is further strengthened by nanomaterial‐based strategies to form innovative nanocarriers for efficient and simultaneous delivery of photosensitizers and immunomodulators at the desired target. These nanocarriers can improve the accumulation and retention of both photosensitizer and immunomodulators within the target location, thereby enhancing safety and efficacy. Herein, the systematic effects of phototherapies on the immune system are summarized and the ways in which nanomaterial‐based photoimmunotherapy can facilitate the eradication of both primary and metastatic tumors are discussed.