bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Border-Crossing Experience in Refugee Tales IV
Authors: Lara-Rallo Carmen
Published: February 2024

The year 2021 witnessed the publication of the latest volume of Refugee Tales, which chronologically coincided with the seventieth anniversary of the adoption of the 1951 Refugee Convention by the UK and other countries. This collection is the fourth volume of the Refugee Tales Project, which began in 2015 with a yearly meeting to walk and share stories by victims of detention, with the main goal of abolishing indefinite detention in the UK. The Refugee Tales Project, which exposes the humanitarian crisis involved in displacement, refugeehood, and detention, is primarily a spatial project that is concerned with borders and boundary crossings. The centrality of space can be seen reflected in the stories collected in Refugee Tales IV, which also reveal a sustained interest in the dimension of time. In this context, the present study addresses borders and border-crossing in the literary voicing of migrants’ experience as these migrants interact with spatial and temporal planes, with the aim of exploring such an interaction in a selection of narratives from Refugee Tales IV. This analysis examines the selected tales from the perspectives of the treatment of space, time, and the disoriented perception of both, considering how the articulation of these parameters contributes to the exposure of the injustices in detention and refugeehood.
Entangled Plumwoods: Stewardship as Grassroots Conservation Humanities
Authors: Fijn Natasha
Published: February 2024

Hundreds of thousands of hectares of bushland and accompanying biodiversity were lost over a few short weeks during the Black Summer fires of 2019–2020 along the east coast of Australia. On the night of 19 December 2019, fire swept up the escarpment from the coast, slowed down with the thick understory of temperate rainforest and burnt through the lower dry sclerophyll forest on Plumwood Mountain. The aftermath of the bare, burnt landscape meant a significant change in the structure and diversity of vegetation, while the consequences of the fire also brought about fundamental changes to Plumwood as a conservation and heritage organisation. Plumwood Mountain as a place, the individual plumwood tree as an agentive being, Val Plumwood as a person and Plumwood as an organisation are all an entangled form of natureculture and indicative of a practice-based conservation humanities approach. Conservation as part of the environmental humanities can offer an alternative to mainstream models of conservation with the potential to instigate active participation on the ground, engaging in a different form of stewardship.
An Update on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular Medicine
Authors: Rao Shiavax J. , Iqbal Shaikh B. , Isath Ameesh , Virk Hafeez Ul Hassan , Wang Zhen , Glicksberg Benjamin S. , Krittanawong Chayakrit
Published: February 2024

Artificial intelligence, specifically advanced language models such as ChatGPT, have the potential to revolutionize various aspects of healthcare, medical education, and research. In this review, we evaluate the myriad applications of artificial intelligence in diverse healthcare domains. We discuss its potential role in clinical decision-making, exploring how it can assist physicians by providing rapid, data-driven insights for diagnosis and treatment. We review the benefits of artificial intelligence such as ChatGPT in personalized patient care, particularly in geriatric care, medication management, weight loss and nutrition, and physical activity guidance. We further delve into its potential to enhance medical research, through the analysis of large datasets, and the development of novel methodologies. In the realm of medical education, we investigate the utility of artificial intelligence as an information retrieval tool and personalized learning resource for medical students and professionals.
Botanical Biometrics: Exploring Morphological, Palynological, and DNA Barcoding Variations in White Kwao Krua (Pueraria candollei Grah. ex Benth. and P. mirifica Airy Shaw & Suvat.)
Authors: Charoensup Wannaree , Intharuksa Aekkhaluck , Yanaso Suthira , Khamnuan Suthiwat , Chansakaow Sunee , Sirisa-ard Panee , Jantrawut Pensak , Ditchaiwong Charan , Chaemcheun Kesorn
Published: February 2024

White Kwao Krua, a crucial Thai medicinal plant, contains various phytoestrogen substances used to alleviate menopausal symptoms in estrogen-deficient women. It originates from two species, namely Pueraria candollei Wall. ex Benth. and P. mirifica Airy Shaw & Suvat. However, there exists morphological variation, and the taxonomic status between both species is ambiguous, making discrimination challenging. In this study, we aim to clarify and differentiate the morphological characteristics, palynology, and DNA barcoding of both species. The morphological results showed the stipule size is a phenotypic marker for the differentiation of both species during the vegetative stage. The palynological results, however, exhibited similarity. Through an examination of nucleotide sequences and neighbor-joining tree analysis, it was determined that the DNA barcoding of the matK region has the capability to distinguish between P. candollei and P. mirifica at nucleotide position 702. Specifically, P. candollei manifested a G base, contrasting with the C base observed in P. mirifica. This study concludes that stipule size and the matK gene in DNA barcoding serve as a distinctive characteristic for distinguishing between P. candollei and P. mirifica. These methodologies prove valuable for ensuring the accurate identification of white Kwao Krua for horticulturists.
Correction: Weigelt et al. Too Committed to Switch Off—Capturing and Organizing the Full Range of Work-Related Rumination from Detachment to Overcommitment. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 3573
Authors: Weigelt Oliver , Seidel J. Charlotte , Erber Lucy , Wendsche Johannes , Varol Yasemin Z. , Weiher Gerald M. , Gierer Petra , Sciannimanica Claudia , Janzen Richard , Syrek Christine J.
Published: February 2024

In this document we provide a correction to mistakes in [...]
Pharmaceutical and Recreational Drug Usage Patterns during and Post COVID-19 Determined by Wastewater-Based Epidemiology
Authors: Tomsone Laura Elina , Neilands Romans , Kokina Kristina , Bartkevics Vadims , Pugajeva Iveta
Published: February 2024

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) was applied to evaluate the consumption trends of pharmaceuticals (i.e., antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antiepileptics, antihypertensives, and others), as well as recreational drugs (caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine), in Latvia from December 2020 to July 2023. The time period covers both the COVID-19 pandemic and the post-pandemic periods; therefore, the impact of the implemented restrictions and the consequences of the illness in terms of the usage of pharmaceuticals thereon were investigated. Additionally, the seasonality and impact of the seasonal flu and other acute upper respiratory infections were studied. The results revealed that the pandemic impacted the consumption of alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine, as well as several pharmaceuticals, such as antihypertensives, antidepressants, psychiatric drugs, and the painkiller ibuprofen. The findings suggest that the imposed restrictions during the pandemic may have had a negative effect on the population’s health and mental well-being. Distinct seasonal trends were discovered in the consumption patterns of caffeine and alcohol, where lower use was observed during the summer. The seasonal consumption trends of pharmaceuticals were discovered in the case of antibiotics, the antiasthmatic drug salbutamol, and the decongestant xylometazoline, where higher consumption occurred during colder seasons.
Generating Spatial Knowledge Graphs with 2D Indoor Floorplan Data: A Case Study on the Jeonju Express Bus Terminal
Authors: Jang Hanme , Yu Kiyun , Kim Jiyoung
Published: February 2024

With the boom in online information, knowledge graphs like Freebase, Wikidata, and YAGO have emerged, thanks to the introduction of the RDF (Resource Description Framework). As RDF data grew, more and more spatial data was incorporated into it. While we have a lot of 2D data for outdoor spaces, mapping indoor spaces in 3D is challenging because it is expensive and time-consuming. In our research, we turned 2D blueprints into detailed 3D maps and then translated this into RDF format. We used the Jeonju Express Bus Terminal in South Korea as our test case. We made an automated tool that can turn 2D spatial data into 3D data that fits the IndoorGML standard. We also introduced terms like ‘loc’, ‘indoorgml-lite’, and ‘bloc’ to describe indoor spaces in the RDF format. Once we put our data into a GraphDB database, we could easily search for specific details and routes inside buildings. This work fills a significant gap in knowledge graphs concerning indoor spaces. However, the production of large-scale data across varied areas remains a challenge, pointing towards future research directions for more comprehensive indoor spatial information systems.
Chemoradiotherapy and Lymph Node Metastasis Affect Dendritic Cell Infiltration and Maturation in Regional Lymph Nodes of Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Kawasaki Kanako , Kai Keita , Minesaki Akimichi , Maeda Sachiko , Yamauchi Moriyasu , Kuratomi Yuichiro
Published: February 2024

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most specialized antigen-presenting cells, and lymph nodes (LNs) play an important role in the DC-mediated T-cell response. We evaluated the infiltration of CD1a-positive DCs (CD1a-DCs), i.e., immature DCs, and S100-positive dendritic cells (S100-DCs), a mixture of immature and mature DCs, in 73 cases of laryngeal cancer and its regional LNs. Among them, 31 patients underwent radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) prior to surgery. No significant difference was found for CD1a-DC infiltration in the primary tumors, metastatic LNs and non-metastatic LNs, while S100-DCs were significantly fewer in number in the primary tumors and metastatic LNs compared to non-metastatic LNs. The cases which showed a high infiltration of S100-DCs in the metastatic LNs appeared to show a favorable prognosis, although statistical significance was not reached. In the RT/CRT group, the infiltration of the CD1a-DCs and S100-DCs was less in the primary tumors and metastatic LNs compared to the treatment-naive group. Conversely, the RT/CRT group showed higher CD1a-DC and S100-DC numbers in the non-metastatic LNs compared to the treatment-naïve group. Thus, DC maturation in metastatic LNs plays an important role in tumor immunity in laryngeal cancer, and the infiltration of DCs into the primary tumor and metastatic LNs is impaired by RT/CRT.
Exploring the Influence of Zinc Ions on the Conformational Stability and Activity of Protein Disulfide Isomerase
Authors: Moretti Ana Iochabel Soares , Baksheeva Viktoria E. , Roman Andrei Yu. , De Bessa Tiphany Coralie , Devred François , Kovacic Hervé , Tsvetkov Philipp O.
Published: February 2024

The interplay between metal ion binding and the activity of thiol proteins, particularly within the protein disulfide isomerase family, remains an area of active investigation due to the critical role that these proteins play in many vital processes. This research investigates the interaction between recombinant human PDIA1 and zinc ions, focusing on the subsequent implications for PDIA1’s conformational stability and enzymatic activity. Employing isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, we systematically compared the zinc binding capabilities of both oxidized and reduced forms of PDIA1 and assessed the structural consequences of this interaction. Our results demonstrate that PDIA1 can bind zinc both in reduced and oxidized states, but with significantly different stoichiometry and more pronounced conformational effects in the reduced form of PDIA1. Furthermore, zinc binding was observed to inhibit the catalytic activity of reduced-PDIA1, likely due to induced alterations in its conformation. These findings unveil a potential regulatory mechanism in PDIA1, wherein metal ion binding under reductive conditions modulates its activity. Our study highlights the potential role of zinc in regulating the catalytic function of PDIA1 through conformational modulation, suggesting a nuanced interplay between metal binding and protein stability in the broader context of cellular redox regulation.
Eugenol Suppresses Platelet Activation and Mitigates Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Humans and Murine Models
Authors: Huang Wei-Chieh , Shu Lan-Hsin , Kuo Yu-Ju , Lai Kevin Shu-Leung , Hsia Chih-Wei , Yen Ting-Lin , Hsia Chih-Hsuan , Jayakumar Thanasekaran , Yang Chih-Hao , Sheu Joen-Rong
Published: February 2024

Platelets assume a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), emphasizing their significance in disease progression. Consequently, addressing CVDs necessitates a targeted approach focused on mitigating platelet activation. Eugenol, predominantly derived from clove oil, is recognized for its antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, rendering it a valuable medicinal agent. This investigation delves into the intricate mechanisms through which eugenol influences human platelets. At a low concentration of 2 μM, eugenol demonstrates inhibition of collagen and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation. Notably, thrombin and U46619 remain unaffected by eugenol. Its modulatory effects extend to ATP release, P-selectin expression, and intracellular calcium levels ([Ca2+]i). Eugenol significantly inhibits various signaling cascades, including phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2)/protein kinase C (PKC), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3β, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2)/thromboxane A2 (TxA2) formation induced by collagen. Eugenol selectively inhibited cPLA2/TxA2 phosphorylation induced by AA, not affecting p38 MAPK. In ADP-treated mice, eugenol reduced occluded lung vessels by platelet thrombi without extending bleeding time. In conclusion, eugenol exerts a potent inhibitory effect on platelet activation, achieved through the inhibition of the PLCγ2–PKC and cPLA2-TxA2 cascade, consequently suppressing platelet aggregation. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic applications of eugenol in CVDs.
The African Swine Fever Virus Virulence Determinant DP96R Suppresses Type I IFN Production Targeting IRF3
Authors: Dodantenna Niranjan , Cha Ji-Won , Chathuranga Kiramage , Chathuranga W. A. Gayan , Weerawardhana Asela , Ranathunga Lakmal , Kim Yongkwan , Jheong Weonhwa , Lee Jong-Soo
Published: February 2024

DP96R of African swine fever virus (ASFV), also known as uridine kinase (UK), encodes a virulence-associated protein. Previous studies have examined DP96R along with other genes in an effort to create live attenuated vaccines. While experiments in pigs have explored the impact of DP96R on the pathogenicity of ASFV, the precise molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unknown. Here, we describe a novel molecular mechanism by which DP96R suppresses interferon regulator factor-3 (IRF3)-mediated antiviral immune responses. DP96R interacts with a crucial karyopherin (KPNA) binding site within IRF3, disrupting the KPNA-IRF3 interaction and consequently impeding the translocation of IRF3 to the nucleus. Under this mechanistic basis, the ectopic expression of DP96R enhances the replication of DNA and RNA viruses by inhibiting the production of IFNs, whereas DP96R knock-down resulted in higher IFNs and IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) transcription during ASFV infection. Collectively, these findings underscore the pivotal role of DP96R in inhibiting IFN responses and increase our understanding of the relationship between DP96R and the virulence of ASFV.
Chromosome Division in Early Embryos—Is Everything under Control? And Is the Cell Size Important?
Authors: Horakova Adela , Konecna Marketa , Anger Martin
Published: February 2024

Chromosome segregation in female germ cells and early embryonic blastomeres is known to be highly prone to errors. The resulting aneuploidy is therefore the most frequent cause of termination of early development and embryo loss in mammals. And in specific cases, when the aneuploidy is actually compatible with embryonic and fetal development, it leads to severe developmental disorders. The main surveillance mechanism, which is essential for the fidelity of chromosome segregation, is the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC). And although all eukaryotic cells carry genes required for SAC, it is not clear whether this pathway is active in all cell types, including blastomeres of early embryos. In this review, we will summarize and discuss the recent progress in our understanding of the mechanisms controlling chromosome segregation and how they might work in embryos and mammalian embryos in particular. Our conclusion from the current literature is that the early mammalian embryos show limited capabilities to react to chromosome segregation defects, which might, at least partially, explain the widespread problem of aneuploidy during the early development in mammals.
Baicalin Protects Broilers against Avian Coronavirus Infection via Regulating Respiratory Tract Microbiota and Amino Acid Metabolism
Authors: Feng Haipeng , Zhang Jingyan , Wang Xuezhi , Guo Zhiting , Wang Lei , Zhang Kang , Li Jianxi
Published: February 2024

An increasing amount of evidence indicates that Baicalin (Bai, a natural glycosyloxyflavone compound) exhibits an antiviral effect against avian viruses. However, it remains unclear if the antiviral effect of Bai against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is exerted indirectly by modulating respiratory tract microbiota and/or their metabolites. In this study, we investigated the protection efficacy of Bai in protecting cell cultures and broilers from IBV infection and assessed modulation of respiratory tract microbiota and metabolites during infection. Bai was administered orally to broilers by being mixed in with drinking water for seven days. Ultimately, broilers were challenged with live IBV. The results showed that Bai treatment reduced respiratory tract symptoms, improved weight gain, slowed histopathological damage, reduced virus loads and decreased pro-inflammation cytokines production. Western blot analysis demonstrated that Bai treatment significantly inhibited Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) expression both in cell culture and cells of the trachea. Bai treatment reversed respiratory tract microbiota dysbiosis, as shown by 16S rDNA sequencing in the group of broilers inoculated with IBV. Indeed, we observed a decrease in Proteobacteria abundance and an increase in Firmicutes abundance. Metabolomics results suggest that the pentose phosphate pathway, amino acid and nicotinamide metabolism are linked to the protection conferred by Bai against IBV infection. In conclusion, these results indicated that further assessment of anti-IBV strategies based on Bai would likely result in the development of antiviral molecule(s) which can be administered by being mixed with feed or water.
The Differential Effect of a Shortage of Thyroid Hormone Compared with Knockout of Thyroid Hormone Transporters Mct8 and Mct10 on Murine Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Hoen Esmée , Goossens Franka M. , Falize Kim , Mayerl Steffen , van der Spek Anne H. , Boelen Anita
Published: February 2024

Innate immune cells, including macrophages, are functionally affected by thyroid hormone (TH). Macrophages can undergo phenotypical alterations, shifting between proinflammatory (M1) and immunomodulatory (M2) profiles. Cellular TH concentrations are, among others, determined by TH transporters. To study the effect of TH and TH transporters on macrophage polarization, specific proinflammatory and immunomodulatory markers were analyzed in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) depleted of triiodothyronine (T3) and BMDMs with a knockout (KO) of Mct8 and Mct10 and a double KO (dKO) of Mct10/Mct8. Our findings show that T3 is important for M1 polarization, while a lack of T3 stimulates M2 polarization. Mct8 KO BMDMs are unaffected in their T3 responsiveness, but exhibit slight alterations in M2 polarization, while Mct10 KO BMDMs show reduced T3 responsiveness, but unaltered polarization markers. KO of both the Mct8 and Mct10 transporters decreased T3 availability and, contrary to the T3-depleted BMDMs, showed partially increased M1 markers and unaltered M2 markers. These data suggest a role for TH transporters besides transport of TH in BMDMs. This study highlights the complex role of TH transporters in macrophages and provides a new angle on the interaction between the endocrine and immune systems.
A Gadolinium(III) Complex Based on Pyridoxine Molecule with Single-Ion Magnet and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Properties
Authors: Orts-Arroyo Marta , Ten-Esteve Amadeo , Ginés-Cárdenas Sonia , Cerdá-Alberich Leonor , Martí-Bonmatí Luis , Martínez-Lillo José
Published: February 2024

Pyridoxine (pyr) is a versatile molecule that forms part of the family of B vitamins. It is used to treat and prevent vitamin B6 deficiency and certain types of metabolic disorders. Moreover, the pyridoxine molecule has been investigated as a suitable ligand toward metal ions. Nevertheless, the study of the magnetic properties of metal complexes containing lanthanide(III) ions and this biomolecule is unexplored. We have synthesized and characterized a novel pyridoxine-based GdIII complex of formula [GdIII(pyr)2(H2O)4]Cl3 · 2 H2O (1) [pyr = pyridoxine]. 1 crystallizes in the triclinic system and space group Pī. In its crystal packing, cationic [Gd(pyr)2(H2O)4]3+ entities are connected through H-bonding interactions involving non-coordinating water molecules and chloride anions. In addition, Hirshfeld surfaces of 1 were calculated to further investigate their intermolecular interactions in the crystal lattice. Our investigation of the magnetic properties of 1, through ac magnetic susceptibility measurements, reveals the occurrence of a slow relaxation in magnetization in this mononuclear GdIII complex, indicating an unusual single-ion magnet (SIM) behavior for this pseudo-isotropic metal ion at very low temperatures. We also studied the relaxometric properties of 1, as a potential contrast agent for high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), from solutions of 1 prepared in physiological serum (0.0–3.2 mM range) and measured at 3 T on a clinical MRI scanner. The values of relaxivity obtained for 1 are larger than those of some commercial MRI contrast agents based on mononuclear GdIII systems.
Severe Type 2 Inflammation Leads to High Platelet-Activating-Factor-Associated Pathology in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps—A Hierarchical Cluster Analysis Using Bulk RNA Barcoding and Sequencing
Authors: Ishino Takashi , Oda Takashi , Kawasumi Tomohiro , Takemoto Kota , Nishida Manabu , Horibe Yuichiro , Chikuie Nobuyuki , Taruya Takayuki , Hamamoto Takao , Ueda Tsutomu , Takeno Sachio
Published: February 2024

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a phospholipid-derived inflammatory mediator that triggers various inflammatory conditions, including eosinophil activation and recruitment. This study aimed to evaluate the expressions of PAF-metabolism-associated genes, namely genes coding the enzymes involved in PAF synthesis (LPCAT1, LPCAT2, LPCAT3, and LPCAT4), PAF degradation (PAFAH1B2, PAFAH1B3, and PAFAH2), and the gene for the PAF receptor (PTAFR) in subtypes of CRSwNP classified by clinical- or hierarchal-analysis-based classifications. Transcriptomic analysis using bulk RNA barcoding and sequencing (BRB-seq) was performed with CRSwNP, including eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) (n = 9), nonECRS (n = 8), ECRS with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (Asp) (n = 3), and controls with a normal uncinate process mucosa (n = 6). PTAFR was only upregulated in ECRS and nonECRS. In the hierarchical cluster analysis with clusters 1 and 2 reflecting patients with low-to-moderate and high levels of type 2 inflammation, respectively, cluster 1 exhibited a significant downregulation of LPCAT2 and an upregulation of PTAFR expression, while cluster 2 showed an upregulation of LPCAT1, PAFAH1B2, and PTAFR and downregulation of PAFAH2 expression. Understanding this strong PAF-associated pathophysiology in the severe type 2 inflammation group could provide valuable insights into the treatment and management of CRSwNP.
Synergistic Effect of Nilavembu Choornam–Gold Nanoparticles on Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Susceptibility and Contact Lens Contamination-Associated Infectious Pathogenicity
Authors: Almutleb Essam S. , Ramachandran Samivel , Khan Adnan A. , El-Hiti Gamal A. , Alanazi Saud A.
Published: February 2024

Antibiotic-resistant bacterial colonies mitigate rapid biofilm formation and have complex cell wall fabrications, making it challenging to penetrate drugs across their biofilm barriers. The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial susceptibility of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and contact lens barrenness. Nilavembu Choornam–Gold Nanoparticles (NC–GNPs) were synthesized using NC polyherbal extract and characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer, SEM-EDX, XRD, Zeta sizer, FTIR, and TEM analysis. Contact lenses with overnight cultures of antibiotic-resistant bacteria K. pneumoniae and S. aureus showed significant differences in growth, biofilm formation, and infection pathogenicity. The NC–GNPs were observed in terms of size (average size is 57.6 nm) and surface chemistry. A zone of inhibition was calculated for K. pneumoniae 18.8 ± 1.06, S. aureus 23.6 ± 1.15, P. aeruginosa 24.16 ± 0.87, and E. faecalis 24.5 ± 1.54 mm at 24 h of NC–GNPs alone treatment. In electron microscopy studies, NC–GNP-treated groups showed nuclear shrinkage, nuclear disintegration, degeneration of cell walls, and inhibited chromosomal division. In contrast, normal bacterial colonies had a higher number of cell divisions and routinely migrated toward cell multiplications. NC–GNPs exhibited antibacterial efficacy against antibiotic-resistant bacteria when compared to NC extract alone. We suggest that NC–GNPs are highly valuable to the population of hospitalized patients and other people to reduce the primary complications of contact lens contamination-oriented microbial infection and the therapeutic efficiency of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogenicity.
Er:YAG Laser Alleviates Inflammaging in Diabetes-Associated Periodontitis via Activation CTBP1-AS2/miR-155/SIRT1 Axis
Authors: Ng Min Yee , Yu Cheng-Chia , Chen Szu-Han , Liao Yi-Wen , Lin Taichen
Published: February 2024

Periodontitis is a significant health concern for individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM), characterized by inflammation and periodontium loss. Hyperglycaemia in DM exacerbates susceptibility to periodontitis by inducing inflammaging in the host immune system. The use of erbium-doped yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser (ErL) in periodontitis treatment has gained attention, but its impact on diabetic-associated periodontitis (DP) and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we simulated DP by exposing human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) to advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and lipopolysaccharides from P. gingivalis (Pg-LPS). Subsequently, we evaluated the impact of ErL on the cells’ wound healing and assessed their inflammaging markers. ErL treatment promoted wound healing and suppressed inflammaging activities, including cell senescence, IL-6 secretion, and p65 phosphorylation. Moreover, the laser-targeted cells were observed to have upregulated expression of CTBP1-AS2, which, when overexpressed, enhanced wound healing ability and repressed inflammaging. Moreover, bioinformatic analysis revealed that CTBP1-AS2 acted as a sponge for miR155 and upregulated SIRT1. In conclusion, ErL demonstrated the ability to improve wound healing and mitigate inflammaging in diabetic periodontal tissue through the CTBP1-AS2/miR-155/SIRT1 axis. Targeting this axis could represent a promising therapeutic approach for preventing periodontitis in individuals with DM.
Chitosan Versus Dapagliflozin in a Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Mouse Model
Authors: Târtea Georgică , Popa-Wagner Aurel , Sfredel Veronica , Mitran Smaranda Ioana , Dan Alexandra Oltea , Țucă Anca-Maria , Preda Alexandra Nicoleta , Raicea Victor , Țieranu Eugen , Cozma Dragoș , Vătășescu Radu
Published: February 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder with global economic implications that can lead to complications such as diabetic cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of chitosan versus dapagliflozin in mouse diabetic cardiomyopathy. We used 32 C57Bl/6 male mice aged between 8 and 10 weeks, which were randomly divided into Control—without diabetes mellitus (DM), type 1 DM (T1DM), T1DM + Chitosan, and T1DM + Dapapgliflozin groups. We induced diabetes with streptozotocin and treated the animals for 12 weeks. The analysis showed a reduction in intramyocardial fibrosis in the T1DM + Dapapgliflozin compared to T1DM animals. In T1DM + CHIT, a reduction in intramyocardial fibrosis was observed although, accordingly, there was also no significant decrease in blood glucose. The level of oxidative stress was reduced in the groups of treated animals compared to T1DM. All these observed changes in the structure and function of hearts were highlighted in the echocardiographic examination. In the treated groups, there was delayed appearance of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, a slight decrease in the ejection fraction of the LV, and an improved diastolic profile. The results demonstrate that chitosan has promising effects on diabetic cardiomyopathy that are comparable to the beneficial effects of dapagliflozin.
Transforming Growth Factor α Evokes Aromatase Expression in Gastric Parietal Cells during Rat Postnatal Development
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroto , Naito Akira , Kawagishi Kyutaro
Published: February 2024

Estrogen, well known as a female hormone, is synthesized primarily by ovarian aromatase. However, extra-glandular tissues also express aromatase and produce estrogen. It is noteworthy that aromatase in gastric parietal cells begins expression around 20 days after birth and continues secreting considerable amounts of estrogen into the portal vein throughout life, supplying it to the liver. Estrogen, which is secreted from the stomach, is speculated to play a monitoring role in blood triglyceride, and its importance is expected to increase. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms of the aromatase expression remain unclear. This study investigated the influence of transforming growth factor α (TGFα) on gastric aromatase expression during postnatal development. The administration of TGFα (50 μg/kg BW) to male Wistar rats in the weaning period resulted in enhanced aromatase expression and increased phosphorylated ERK1+2 in the gastric mucosa. By contrast, administration of AG1478 (5 mg/kg BW), a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor with high selectivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor and acting as an antagonist of TGFα, led to the suppression of aromatase expression. In fact, TGFα expression in the gastric fundic gland isthmus began around 20 days after birth in normal rats as did that of aromatase, which indicates that TGFα might induce the expression of aromatase in the parietal cells concomitantly.
Special Issue “Bacterial Toxins and Cancer”
Authors: Travaglione Sara , Carlini Francesca , Maroccia Zaira , Fabbri Alessia
Published: February 2024

Infection is a major contributor to the development of cancer, with more than 15% of new cancer diagnoses estimated to be caused by infection [...]
Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT) in Research: A Systematic Review on Data Augmentation
Authors: Sufi Fahim
Published: February 2024

GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) represents advanced language models that have significantly reshaped the academic writing landscape. These sophisticated language models offer invaluable support throughout all phases of research work, facilitating idea generation, enhancing drafting processes, and overcoming challenges like writer’s block. Their capabilities extend beyond conventional applications, contributing to critical analysis, data augmentation, and research design, thereby elevating the efficiency and quality of scholarly endeavors. Strategically narrowing its focus, this review explores alternative dimensions of GPT and LLM applications, specifically data augmentation and the generation of synthetic data for research. Employing a meticulous examination of 412 scholarly works, it distills a selection of 77 contributions addressing three critical research questions: (1) GPT on Generating Research data, (2) GPT on Data Analysis, and (3) GPT on Research Design. The systematic literature review adeptly highlights the central focus on data augmentation, encapsulating 48 pertinent scholarly contributions, and extends to the proactive role of GPT in critical analysis of research data and shaping research design. Pioneering a comprehensive classification framework for “GPT’s use on Research Data”, the study classifies existing literature into six categories and 14 sub-categories, providing profound insights into the multifaceted applications of GPT in research data. This study meticulously compares 54 pieces of literature, evaluating research domains, methodologies, and advantages and disadvantages, providing scholars with profound insights crucial for the seamless integration of GPT across diverse phases of their scholarly pursuits.
A Particle-Swarm-Optimization-Algorithm-Improved Jiles–Atherton Model for Magnetorheological Dampers Considering Magnetic Hysteresis Characteristics
Authors: Guo Ying-Qing , Li Meng , Yang Yang , Xu Zhao-Dong , Xie Wen-Han
Published: February 2024

As a typical intelligent device, magnetorheological (MR) dampers have been widely applied in vibration control and mitigation. However, the inherent hysteresis characteristics of magnetic materials can cause significant time delays and fluctuations, affecting the controllability and damping performance of MR dampers. Most existing mathematical models have not considered the adverse effects of magnetic hysteresis characteristics, and this study aims to consider such effects in MR damper models. Based on the magnetic circuit analysis of MR dampers, the Jiles–Atherton (J-A) model is adopted to characterize the magnetic hysteresis properties. Then, a weight adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is introduced to the J-A model for efficient parameter identifications of this model, in which the differential evolution and the Cauchy variation are combined to improve the diversity of the population and the ability to jump out of the local optimal solution. The results obtained from the improved J-A model are compared with the experimental data under different working conditions, and it shows that the proposed J-A model can accurately predict the damping performance of MR dampers with magnetic hysteresis characteristics.
Online Information Reviews to Boost Tourism in the B&B Industry to Reveal the Truth and Nexus
Authors: Wang Xiaoqun , Chen Xihui , Gu Zhouyi
Published: February 2024

Grasping the concerns of customers is paramount, serving as a foundation for both attracting and retaining a loyal customer base. While customer satisfaction has been extensively explored across diverse industries, there remains a dearth of insights into how distinct rural bed and breakfasts (RB&Bs) can effectively cater to the specific needs of their target audience. This research utilized latent semantic analysis and text regression techniques on online reviews, uncovering previously unrecognized factors contributing to RB&B customer satisfaction. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that certain factors wield distinct impacts on guest satisfaction within varying RB&B market segments. The implications of these findings extend to empowering RB&B owners with actionable insights to enhance the overall customer experience.
Success Factors in Management of IT Service Projects: Regression, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Structural Equation Models
Authors: Michalski Rafał , Zaleski Szymon
Published: February 2024

Although there have been some studies on the success factors for IT software projects, there is still a lack of coherent research on the success factors for IT service projects. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and understand the factors and their relationships that contribute to the success of IT service projects. For this purpose, multivariate regressions and structural equation models (SEMs) were developed and analyzed. The regression models included six project management success criteria used as dependent variables (quality of the delivered product, scope realization and requirements, timeliness of delivery, delivery within budget, customer satisfaction, and provider satisfaction) and four independent variables (agile techniques and change management, organization and people, stakeholders and risk analysis, work environment), which had been identified through exploratory factor analysis. The results showed that not all success factors were relevant to all success criteria, and there were differences in their importance. An additional series of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses along with appropriate statistical measures were employed to evaluate the quality of these four factors. The SEM approach was based on five latent constructs with a total of twenty components. The study suggests that investing in improving people’s knowledge and skills, using agile methodologies, creating a supportive work environment, and involving stakeholders in regular risk analysis are important for project management success. The results also suggest that the success factors for IT service projects depend on both traditional and agile approaches. The study extensively compared its findings with similar research and discussed common issues and differences in both the model structures and methodologies applied. The investigation utilized mathematical methods and techniques that are not commonly applied in the field of project management success modeling. The comprehensive methodology that was applied may be helpful to other researchers who are interested in this topic.
Genetic and Epigenetic Factors Associated with Postpartum Psychosis: A 5-Year Systematic Review
Authors: Tsokkou Sophia , Kavvadas Dimitrios , Georgaki Maria-Nefeli , Papadopoulou Kyriaki , Papamitsou Theodora , Karachrysafi Sofia
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Postpartum psychosis (PPP) is a serious mental health illness affecting women post-parturition. Around 1 in 1000 women are affected by postpartum psychosis, and the symptoms usually appear within 2 weeks after birth. Postpartum mental disorders are classified into 3 main categories starting from the least to most severe types, including baby blues, postpartum depression, and postpartum psychosis. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, genetic and epigenetic factors associated with postpartum psychosis are discussed. A PRISMA flow diagram was followed, and the following databases were used as main sources: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Additional information was retrieved from external sources and organizations. The time period for the articles extracted was 5 years. Results: Initially, a total of 2379 articled were found. After the stated criteria were applied, 58 articles were identified along with 20 articles from additional sources, which were then narrowed down to a final total of 29 articles. Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is an association between PPP and genetic and epigenetic risk factors. However, based on the data retrieved and examined, the association was found to be greater for genetic factors. Additionally, the presence of bipolar disorder and disruption of the circadian cycle played a crucial role in the development of PPP.
Platelet Reactivity in the Exacerbation of Psoriasis
Authors: Adamski Piotr , Adamska Urszula , Buszko Katarzyna , Sikora Joanna , Czajkowski Rafał
Published: February 2024

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated disease with a specific cutaneous presentation. Increased platelet aggregation has been observed in patients with extensive psoriatic lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical factors affecting platelet reactivity in patients with an exacerbation of psoriasis. Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, observational study, enrolling patients hospitalized for an aggravation of psoriasis. Enrolled patients underwent single platelet function testing with light transmission aggregometry on the first morning of hospitalization. Results: 120 patients were enrolled in the study. Of the compared subgroups, women had higher maximal platelet aggregation (MPA) than men (77% vs. 72%; p = 0.03), and those with BMIs < 25 kg/m2 showed higher platelet reactivity compared to subjects with BMIs ≥ 25 kg/m2 (75% vs. 73%; p = 0.02). There was a positive correlation between MPA and platelet count (r = 0.27; p < 0.01), as well as C-reactive protein concentration (r = 0.20; p = 0.03), while a negative correlation was observed with total cholesterol (r = −0.24; p = 0.01) and triglycerides (r = −0.30; p < 0.01). A two-step analysis based on multidimensional models with random effects revealed that every increase in the platelet count by 103/μL led to an increase in MPA by 0.07% (R2 = 0.07; p < 0.01), and an increase in triglycerides’ concentration by 1 mg/dL was related to a reduction in MPA by 0.05% (R2 = 0.07; p < 0.01). Conclusions: The increased platelet reactivity observed in patients with psoriasis appears to be multifactorial and related to several clinical and laboratory features. Further research is warranted to put these findings into a clinical perspective.
Use of Dermoscopy among Greek Dermatologists in Everyday Clinical Practice: A National Questionnaire-Based Study
Authors: Sgouros Dimitrios , Routsi Eleni , Evangelodimou Athina , Lallas Aimilios , Apalla Zoe , Arvanitis Dimitrios K. , Pappa Georgia , Lazaridou Elizabeth , Fotiadou Christina , Evangelou Georgios , Chaidemenos Georgios , Ioannides Dimitrios , Barkis Ioannis , Liopyris Konstantinos , Nicolaidou Electra , Theotokoglou Sofia , Syrmali Anna , Stratigos Alexander , Rigopoulos Dimitrios , Katoulis Alexander
Published: February 2024

Background: Dermatoscopy has been established as an important diagnostic tool for a wide range of skin diseases. This study aims to evaluate the use of dermatoscopy in clinical practice among Greek dermatologists. Methods: A nationwide questionnaire-based survey was conducted collecting data on the frequency of dermatoscopic examinations, the types of lesions examined, training and educational resources, as well as factors influencing the choice to incorporate dermatoscopy into daily clinical routines. Results: A total of 366 Greek dermatologists participated in the survey. Most of the respondents reported the daily use of dermatoscopy in their practice. Pigmented and non-pigmented lesions, inflammatory diseases, cutaneous infectious, hair disorders, and nail lesions were the most common indications for dermatoscopy. Factors influencing the utilization of dermatoscopy included increased diagnostic accuracy, enhanced patient care, better patient communication and general compliance, and improved satisfaction among dermatologists. Conclusions: This national questionnaire-based study demonstrates that dermatoscopy has become an integral part of daily dermatological practice in Greece. The findings highlight the significance of structured training and education to promote dermoscopy’s effective and routine use. Incorporating dermatoscopy into clinical practice not only improves diagnostic precision but also enhances patient care, contributing to the overall quality of dermatological services in Greece.
Non-Surgical Approaches to the Management of Lumbar Disc Herniation Associated with Radiculopathy: A Narrative Review
Authors: El Melhat Ahmed M. , Youssef Ahmed S. A. , Zebdawi Moustafa R. , Hafez Maya A. , Khalil Lamia H. , Harrison Deed E.
Published: February 2024

Lumbar disc herniation associated with radiculopathy (LDHR) is among the most frequent causes of spine-related disorders. This condition is triggered by irritation of the nerve root caused by a herniated disc. Many non-surgical and surgical approaches are available for managing this prevalent disorder. Non-surgical treatment approaches are considered the preferred initial management methods as they are proven to be efficient in reducing both pain and disability in the absence of any red flags. The methodology employed in this review involves an extensive exploration of recent clinical research, focusing on various non-surgical approaches for LDHR. By exploring the effectiveness and patient-related outcomes of various conservative approaches, including physical therapy modalities and alternative therapies, therapists gain valuable insights that can inform clinical decision-making, ultimately contributing to enhanced patient care and improved outcomes in the treatment of LDHR. The objective of this article is to introduce advanced and new treatment techniques, supplementing existing knowledge on various conservative treatments. It provides a comprehensive overview of the current therapeutic landscape, thereby suggesting pathways for future research to fill the gaps in knowledge. Specific to our detailed review, we identified the following interventions to yield moderate evidence (Level B) of effectiveness for the conservative treatment of LDHR: patient education and self-management, McKenzie method, mobilization and manipulation, exercise therapy, traction (short-term outcomes), neural mobilization, and epidural injections. Two interventions were identified to have weak evidence of effectiveness (Level C): traction for long-term outcomes and dry needling. Three interventions were identified to have conflicting or no evidence (Level D) of effectiveness: electro-diagnostic-based management, laser and ultrasound, and electrotherapy.
A Study of the Prognostic Factors for Late Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis and Distant Metastasis in Patients with cT1-2N0 Tongue Cancer
Authors: Obayashi Fumitaka , Koizumi Koichi , Ito Nanako , Higaki Mirai , Ishida Yasutaka , Hamada Atsuko , Yamasaki Sachiko , Tani Ryouji , Yanamoto Souichi
Published: February 2024

Background: Early-stage tongue cancer has a good prognosis in general; however, high-risk patients with late cervical lymph node and distant metastases have a poor prognosis. Elective neck dissection and postoperative chemoradiotherapy are considered for these patients, although no clear criteria have been identified for their evaluation. Methods: This retrospective observational study aimed to determine the predictive factors for late cervical lymph node and distant metastases in 102 patients with cT1-2N0 tongue cancer. The data regarding the demographic characteristics, as well as the depth of invasion, tumor budding, histological grade, and tumor–stromal ratio, among other things, were extracted from medical records. Results: We found that the potential lymph node metastasis rate was 27.5%. The significant clinical predictors of late cervical lymph node metastasis were the tumor thickness and endophytic growth pattern and the significant histopathological factors were poorly and moderately differentiated tumors and ≥3 tumor buds. In addition, the prognostic factors for distant metastasis included ≥4 lymph node metastases, ≥7 tumor budding, and moderate and poor tumor differentiation. Conclusions: The usefulness of tumor budding as a predictor of metastasis for tongue cancer was suggested. The findings of this study can help establish the criteria for evaluating the metastasis risk and prognosis of patients with tongue cancers.