Studying the behaviors and habits of individuals in order to find the most appropriate preventive strategies for the Saudi society
Authors: Fridhi Bechir 
Published: January 2023

Background and Aims:
Preventive interventions require comprehensive policies that combine several dimensions: health, economic, and social, and above all, educational and cultural. The effectiveness of these preventive measures lies in the extent to which measures are applied at the individual and collective level in order to enhance the health culture and build an integrated hospital system. In this context, the education sector plays a major role in implementing preventive habits in a world where disease is spreading greatly and very quickly. In addition to emerging infectious diseases, future health challenges also relate to chronic diseases: cardiovascular diseases, cancers, accident consequences and their risk factors, and these factors are mostly related to the lifestyle and behavior of individuals. The aim of research in health sciences is to expand knowledge of health challenges and to improve and evaluate health policies and practices. This research paper aims to identify the types of prevention strategies based on studying the behaviors and habits of citizens of the Saudi society in order to find the most appropriate prevention strategies for the Kingdom. The research also aims to identify challenges within the health care system in the Kingdom with a focus on primary health care services, and analyze the interrelated factors in order to propose remedial reforms to further strengthen and improve the health care system. This study aims to improve the quality of individuals’ health and reduce the costs of care and hospitalization. This study also seeks to define strategies that can be considered to achieve the two goals (improving the quality of individuals’ health and reducing the costs of care and hospitalization).

Methods:
To understand the phenomenon of health awareness and to explain the behavior of participants by exploring their natural environment and their interaction with each other and to identify appropriate prevention strategies against diseases and epidemics, an empirical approach is adopted that focuses on studying the habits of individuals. The study was conducted using the inductive method, which included a survey of a sample of (764) individuals representing the entire population of the Kingdom. The questionnaire was distributed on various social networks, and the sample was chosen by simple random drawing in a probabilistic manner in which the probability of leaving the sample is equal to all members of the community. The survey was conducted during June 2021.

Results:
The conclusion is that the two hypotheses of the study are correct because preventive. The pilot study showed two main groups of variables. The first group represents the individual prevention measures and the second group the collective prevention measures. These two types are actually complementary. The conclusion is that the two measures of the study are correct because preventive measures should be individual initiatives but also that the health system should be guided by national and local actions. With regard to the Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin test (KMO), which is a general measure of partial correlation between study variables, it is equal to 0.761, which indicates an average validity. According to the Bartlett test, the hypothesis H0 must be rejected (the test result must be equal to or less than 0.05 in our case the value is 0.00). Therefore, the search for components is justified.

Conclusion:
All of these measures have one goal: to reduce the costs of care, also called the costs of non-prevention, because the cost of implementing these measures is much lower than the cost of care or hospitalization in the event of complications, the principle is simple, and that is to implement preventive strategies that are based first and foremost on educating individuals.