bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-Risk Embolic Sources on Cardiac Computed Tomography in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Nio Shan Sui , Rinkel Leon A. , van Schuppen Joost , Spijkerboer Anje M. , Beemsterboer Chiel F.P. , Guglielmi Valeria , Bouma Berto J. , Boekholdt S. Matthijs , Lobé Nick H.J. , Beenen Ludo F.M. , Marquering Henk A. , Majoie Charles B.L.M. , Roos Yvo B.W.E.M. , van Randen Adrienne , Planken R. Nils , Coutinho Jonathan M.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) is increasingly used to search for cardioembolic sources of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We assessed the association between high-risk cardioembolic sources on cardiac CT and AIS.

METHODS:

We performed a case-control study using data from a prospective cohort including consecutive adult patients with suspected stroke who underwent cardiac CT acquired during the initial stroke imaging protocol between 2018 and 2020. Cases were patients with a final diagnosis of AIS. Controls were patients with a stroke mimic (SMi). We excluded patients with a transient ischemic attack. Diagnoses were established by an adjudication committee. Cardiac radiologists assessed the presence of structural high-risk sources of cardioembolism according to predefined criteria. We used the Firth penalized likelihood method to perform a logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, and history of myocardial infarction to determine the association between high-risk embolic sources and AIS. For the primary analysis, we excluded patients with a history of atrial fibrillation. In a secondary analysis, patients with known atrial fibrillation were included.

RESULTS:

Of 774 patients, we excluded 167 patients due to no written informed consent or the diagnosis of transient ischemic attack. Of 607 patients, 107 patients had known atrial fibrillation and were excluded from the primary analysis. Of 500 included patients, 375 had AIS (75%, median age 70, 61% male) and 125 SMi (25%, median age 69, 42% male). A high-risk cardioembolic source was found on CT in 32/375 (8.5%) patients with AIS and 0/125 (0%) patients with SMi (adjusted odds ratio, 23.8 [95% CI, 3.3–3032.5]). Cardiac thrombi were the most commonly observed abnormality, present in 23 (6.1%) patients with AIS and 0 (0%) patients with SMi.

CONCLUSIONS:

A high-risk source of cardioembolism was detected on cardiac CT more frequently in patients with AIS than in patients with SMi. These data substantiate the clinical relevance of cardioembolic sources detected on acute cardiac CT in patients with ischemic stroke.
Randomized Study Comparing First-Line Dual Versus Single-Stent Retriever Technique: TWIN2WIN
Authors: Tomasello Alejandro , Moreu Manuel , Terceño Mikel , Dinia Lavinia , Barrena Caballo Maria Rosario , Requena Manuel , Jablonska Magda , Cendrero Judith , Flores Alan , Ortega Santy , Diana Francesco , Henandez David , de Dios Marta , Rubiera Marta , Garcia-Tornel Alvaro , Rizzo Federica , Olivé Marta , Pérez-García Carlos , Trejo Gallego Carmen , Carmona Tomas , Rodrigo-Gisbert Marc , Molina Carlos , Ribo Marc
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

The double-stent retriever (SR) technique has been described as an effective rescue technique when single-SR fails to induce recanalization. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of first-line double-SR in patients with stroke undergoing thrombectomy.

METHODS:

This was a multicenter, randomized, controlled, blinded adjudicated primary outcome study. Patients with a large vessel occlusion stroke within 24 hours after onset and undergoing thrombectomy were included. Upon confirmation of large vessel occlusion on initial angiogram, patients were randomly allocated to receive a first-line strategy: single-SR versus double-SR technique. Investigators could use their technique of choice if further passes were needed. The primary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of double-SR defined as first-pass complete recanalization (expanded Treatment in Cerebral Infarction grade 2c-3) compared with single-SR. First-pass recanalization and final successful recanalization (expanded Treatment in Cerebral Infarction grade 2b50-3) were centrally assessed by a blinded investigator. The safety outcome was the occurrence of a symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. The data safety monitoring board stopped the recruitment after a preplanned interim analysis because a predefined efficacy boundary was reached.

RESULTS:

From April 2022 to October 2023, 108 patients were included: 50 (46%) in the single-SR group and 58 (54%) in the double-SR group. First-pass recanalization was achieved in 12 of 50 patients (24%) allocated to single-SR and 27 of 58 patients (46%) allocated to double-SR (adjusted odds ratio, 2.72 [95% CI, 1.19–6.46]). Substantial reperfusion within 3 attempts was obtained in 42 patients (84%) allocated to single-SR and in 52 patients (89%) allocated to double-SR (adjusted odds ratio, 1.74 [95% CI, 0.5–5.76]). The mean number of passes was 2±1.3 with single-SR and 1.7±1 with double-SR (mean difference, −0.37 [95% CI, −0.9 to 0.06]). A symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in 3 patients (6%) allocated to single-SR and in 6 patients (10%) allocated to double-SR (adjusted odds ratio, 1.66 [95% CI, 0.40–8.35]).

CONCLUSIONS:

In patients with stroke undergoing thrombectomy, first-line double-SR is safe and superior to single-SR in achieving first-pass recanalization but not final recanalization. Implications on clinical outcomes should be studied in specifically designed trials.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT05632458.
Significance and Symbolism of Marian Crowns in Post-Tridentine Paintings (1550–1800)
Authors: Staněk Karel
Published: December 2024

Marian art in the post-Tridentine period has already been studied from a number of angles but Marian crowns have so far received little attention. They appeared not only in coronation scenes of the Virgin Mary but also in a whole range of other Marian scenes. The crowns given to the Virgin Mary indicate seriousness and authority. She appeared as the majestic Queen of Heaven. The Roman Catholic Church and monarchs used it to legitimize their power. The crowns took on different forms—they used to be depicted mostly as made of precious metals, less often as flower wreaths or circles of stars. Although they were mostly a product of artistic imagination, I argue that the crowns used to be a reflection of actual royal crowns for the purpose of legitimizing royal power. I present several examples from countries whose rulers have declared the Virgin Mary as their patroness and protector.
The Credo in Bach’s B-minor Mass
Authors: Greene David B.
Published: December 2024

This article examines the way the musical structure of the Credo of Bach’s B-minor Mass qualifies the meaning both of the “I” of “I believe” and of the act of believing. As the Credo goes along, the “I” becomes increasingly inclusive, and those included become a community. Correlatively, “believing” comes to mean not only affirming the truth of the narrative of divine actions but also coming into a relationship both with the agent of these actions and with other believers. Consequently, for listeners who include themselves in the “I,” the hearing of the Credo becomes a mode of spiritual practice; it has devotional as well as cognitive significance. The article also examines the meaning of the Credo for listeners who do not include themselves in the “I.”
The Existential Crisis of a Sinful Creator
Authors: Ding Yang , Qian Siying
Published: December 2024

Gnosticism has consistently been regarded as heretical by orthodox Christian theology due to its recurrent denunciation in numerous texts of the image of the Creator as absolutely righteous and benevolent. Instead, it portrays Him as an ignorant, arrogant, and jealous inferior deity. This flawed, even sinful, portrayal of the Creator significantly mirrors the archetypes of human imperfections. It exhibits a high degree of consistency with the images of human creators of artificial intelligence in science fiction art, who are often cast in a villainous role. The Gnostic “God and human” relationship bears a striking resemblance to the “human and machine” relationship depicted in science fiction. Specifically, this manifests as the existential contradictions of anthropocentrism and the enigma of the free will of created beings, both of which underpin the intricate relationship between the Creator and the created, as discussed in this research.
Pentecostal Higher Education in the Australian Context
Authors: Grey Jacqueline , Perry David
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the context and factors unique to the Australian environment for Pentecostal higher education. First, the background and current national system of higher education in Australia is explored, noting the benefits and challenges of national regulation. Secondly, a case study approach based on Alphacrucis University College (the Assemblies of God college in Australia) is presented to highlight three current challenges and opportunities for Pentecostal institutions. These include the pragmatic orientation of Australian Pentecostalism that prioritizes practitioners rather than academics; the widening definition of ministry beyond the church into the community; and the challenge of personal and spiritual formation in online learning. The article will conclude with some reflections on the vital question of what makes Pentecostal higher education Pentecostal.
Population genomics reveals the genetic diversity and evolution of the sexual dimorphism of Temminck’s tragopan (Tragopan temminckii)
Authors: Wang Lu , Huang Pengzhen , Guo Yuhong , Dai Bo , Liang Dong , Feng Peng , Zheng Lidiao , Xu Tingtao , Wen Longying , Lu Xin , Liu Fangqing
Published: December 2024

Recent advances in whole-genome sequencing technologies have shown potential for establishing a genomic-level evolutionary process framework for avian species. In this study, a comprehensive whole-genome resequencing approach was employed to generate genome-wide data from 12 individuals of Temminck’s tragopan (Tragopan temminckii), a species under imminent threat and experiencing rapid decline due to habitat fragmentation and loss in China. Population genomic analyses indicated significant genetic diversity and increased linkage disequilibrium in Temminck’s tragopan, despite habitat fragmentation. It was further suggested that the historical population dynamics of Temminck’s tragopan from the western Sichuan Plateau was influenced by glacial climatic events and anthropogenic activities. Furthermore, male-specific developmental pathways, particularly those related to the androgen receptor and associated genes, were found to contribute to the observed sexual dimorphism in Temminck’s tragopan. These findings establish a preliminary basis for comprehending the evolutionary dynamics of Temminck’s tragopan.
Ajātaśatru among the Pudgalavādins
Authors: Tournier Vincent , Sferra Francesco
Published: December 2024

This article presents a close and contextualised study of a newly available folio belonging to a larger manuscript written in Bhaikṣukī script and preserved in the Tibetan Autonomous Region of China. A total of 78 folios of a larger bundle survive, transmitting at least ten sūtras—consistently called mahāsūtras—in a Middle Indo-Aryan variety that is distinctive of Saṃmitīya canonical transmission. Most of these extant sūtras are paralleled in the “Division on the aggregate of morality” (P. Sīlakkhandha-vagga, Skt. Śīlaskandha-nipāta) of all three other extant Collections of Long Discourses (P. Dīgha-nikāya, Skt. Dīrghāgama). Evidence thus suggests that the bundle in question preserves the beginning of a complete Saṃmitīya *Drīghāgama. The illuminated leaf edited and studied here transmits the final part of the eighth discourse of the collection, likely titled *Śāmaṇṇaphala-mahāsūtra. This final section preserves a new version of the episode recounting King Ajātaśatru’s repentance and conversion at the end of the Buddha’s discourse. The introduction to this article situates this newly available fragment in relation to a growing body of evidence on the Dīrghāgama and the broader canonical transmission of the Saṃmitīyas, before discussing the specificity of the Ajātaśatru episode vis-à-vis other early accounts of the same episode. The core of this article is the second part, which provides a rationale for the edition of this fragment and the reconstruction of its lacunae. It then presents a diplomatic edition of the folio, followed by a restored, curated text. In the latter, the Saṃmitīya sūtra is presented with detailed lexicographic notes, a translation, and with the synoptic text of the three closest parallels from the Pāli Dīgha-nikāya, the Chinese *Dīrghāgama, and the Sanskrit Dīrghāgama. In particular, the Sanskrit parallel as transmitted in the codex unicus of the Dīrghāgama is here critically edited for the first time, also collating anew the relevant portion of the manuscript of the extant Sanskrit Saṅghabhedavastu of the Mūlasarvāstivādins.
Ibn Bājja on Climates
Authors: la Martire Corrado
Published: December 2024

Extant information about Ibn Bājja’s interest in climatology is limited to a few vague anecdotes. This article seeks to expand our understanding of his views on the inhabitable and uninhabitable regions of the earth, drawing primarily on his commentaries on Aristotle’s Meteorology (al-Āthār al-ʿulwiyya) and Generation and Corruption (al-Kawn wa-l-fasād). The article presents an attempt to explain why Ibn Bājja believed that some sections of the earth are inhabitable, how climate affects the human character, and how this topic fits into Ibn Bājja’s overall framework of thought.
Demonology and Plague-Discourse as Discursive Intersections in Procopius’s Construction of Justinian in Secret History
Authors: de Wet Chris L.
Published: December 2024

This article examines the demonological discourse in Procopius’s Secret History with a focus on internal and inter-textual evidence from Procopius’s corpus, particularly his treatment of demons in relation to the 542 bubonic plague pandemic, as described in the Wars. While previous scholarship by Rubin, Cameron, and Denson has convincingly demonstrated that the depiction of Justinian as a demonic figure draws on broader cultural and literary contexts, this study investigates Procopius’s demonological rhetoric within the Wars and Secret History, specifically in the context of his plague narrative. This approach complements Cameron’s inter-textual methodology but leads to additional conclusions, diverging from Kaldellis’s view of demonological elements as literary embellishments. Building on an earlier argument that Procopius’s plague discourse in the Wars constructs the plague as a corollary for Justinian’s destructive rule, this article explores how Procopius employs pestilential and demonological themes to intensify the emperor’s portrayal as a malevolent force. Through a detailed analysis of the plague narrative, this analysis demonstrates how Procopius integrates these themes to frame Justinian as an agent of destruction whose impact transcends political and social realms, extending into the cosmic and religious dimensions of Late Antiquity. This study contributes to the broader discourse on Procopian demonology by highlighting the intricate connections between pestilence, demonic imagery, and imperial critique. It underscores how these elements work together to construct Justinian not merely as a flawed ruler but as an existential threat, aligning him with the malevolence associated with both demons and the plague.
Syriac Christians and Popular Religion in Early Ottoman Mesopotamia
Authors: Minov Sergey
Published: December 2024

This article presents the hitherto unpublished Syriac text of the Turgāmā on Charms and Sorcery, a specimen of pastoral literature produced by Ignatius VII ʿAzīz bar Sāḇtā, known also as Abū al-Maʿānī, who served as the patriarch of Ṭūr ʿAbdīn from 1461 to 1481. A representative of the centuries-long tradition of polemic against magic and use of amulets among Syriac Christians, the work is a rare and valuable witness to the dynamics of popular religion among West Syrians of early Ottoman Mesopotamia. The text is accompanied by an English translation and a brief discussion.
Who Were the Missionaries?
Authors: Lundqvist Pia
Published: December 2024

This article aims to reconstruct the social origins of 124 Swedish missionaries who worked for the Swedish Mission Covenant in the Congo Free State (CFS) from 1882 to 1908, while analysing the impact of the missionaries’ origins on their work and on their interactions with Congolese peoples. The results show that most of the missionaries came from a rural background and had a low socio-economic status. This social background affected the Swedish missionaries’ relationships with Congolese people and contributed to an encounter that was both ambivalent (mixed on both sides) and ambiguous (marked by contradiction). On the one hand the missionaries’ humble backgrounds, combined with the universalism of their Protestant revivalist culture, cultivated an ethos of egalitarianism. On the other hand, their position as white missionaries in a colonial society and their vocal support for the idea of civilizing mission in Africa fostered attitudes of arrogance towards Congolese society.
Conversion and Spirit Possession in 19th-Century Bombay Presidency
Authors: Dandekar Deepra
Published: December 2024

Baba Padmanji Mulay’s (1831–1906) conversion to Christianity in Bombay Presidency is located in an evolving intellectual domain of confrontation between missionaries, reformers, and conservatives. This competitive atmosphere placed early converts in a state of crisis, squeezing them between British missionaries and Marathi, mostly upper-caste Hindus. Given this context, Padmanji’s rise to eminence is reflected in his ideological writings on women’s emancipation, and in his autobiographical encounter with spirit possession. This article reads Padmanji’s ideology and spirit possession anecdote as a demonstration of the Indian Christian predicament that saw a move to refashion community identity as masculine and chivalrous.
Munda “Conversions” in Two Missionaries’ Narratives
Authors: Rousseleau Raphaël
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on the conversion narratives of two fathers of the Belgian Jesuit mission in Bengal (India), Joseph Müllender and Johan-Baptist Hoffmann, among the Munda Adivasi minority. Their letters (1881–1927) offer contrasting accounts of conversion as motivated by preaching and the theological superiority of Christianity over so-called ‘spirit worship’ on the one hand, and by socio-political and agrarian issues as well as literacy on the other. Published material by Hoffmann (notably the Encyclopedia Mundarica, 1930–1937) completes our perspective on Munda cosmology and politics as on its Jesuit translation. Finally, an article from 1928 gives us the perspective of a young Jesuit-educated Adivasi on the same subject.
Missionary Paths
Authors: Kumar Mukesh
Published: December 2024

The article examines the influence of Swabian Pietism, a variant of Pietism in South Germany, on the Basel Mission’s activities in South India. It highlights how Pietism redefined conversion as a personal, transformative experience, shaping missionary discourse and practices. The Basel Mission, founded by Pietistic followers, exemplifies this approach, emphasising “personal will” in conversion. The Mission’s expansion in 19th-century South India brought encounters with diverse socio-religious groups, including Brahmins, Billavas, and Lingayats, each with distinct responses to Protestantism. These encounters challenge simplistic narratives of religious conversion and transformations, revealing complex negotiations and adaptations by both missionaries and locals. The article argues for an intersectional perspective that considers caste, class, and sectarian divides in understanding missionary encounters. It suggests that notions of ‘native agency’ were nuanced and shaped by social, religious, and economic contexts, leading to a unique ‘Indian’ Pietistic Protestantism that defied missionary expectations of converts.
Recht und Moral. Kant und Fichte im Neukantianismus: Paul Natorp und Boris Wischeslavzeff
Authors: Stolzenberg Jürgen
Published: December 2024

Thema des Beitrags ist Kants Unterscheidung von Recht und Moral und ihre kritische Interpretation bei Fichte, Paul Natorp und dem russischen Neukantianer Boris Wischeslavzeff. Auf ihn bezieht sich Natorp in einem Aufsatz von 1913 vor dem Hintergrund seiner eigenen Kant- und Fichte-Deutung. In Kants These der Unabhängigkeit von Moral und Recht sieht Wischeslavzeff die Gefahr eines ethischen Anarchismus, der zur Negation des Staats und seiner Rechtsinstitutionen führt. Demgegenüber sucht Wischeslavzeff das Recht als Bedingung der Möglichkeit von Moral zu begründen. Das geschieht in einer kritischen Interpretation von Fichtes später Staatslehre von 1813. Hier vertritt Fichte die These, dass bei Kant das Recht die innere Freiheit des Individuums negiert. Dem sucht Fichte mit seiner Idee einer „Erziehung zur Einsicht in das Recht“ zu begegnen, die aus innerer Freiheit realisiert werden soll. Ziel einer solchen Sozialpädagogik ist die Entbehrlichkeit des Rechts und seiner Zwangsgewalt und die Etablierung einer universalen Moralität. Für Wischeslavzeff hingegen ist Recht die notwendige Bedingung der Ermöglichung von Moral. Natorps Diskussion dieser Konzeption geht von der Anerkennung der Kant-Kritik Fichtes und der Idee eines prozessualen Übergangs von Recht in Moral aus und wendet sich u.a. gegen Wischeslavzeffs Auffassung, dass das Recht nur eine negativ-einschränkende Verbindlichkeit ausübt, deren positive Seite die durch das Recht ermöglichte überjuridische Sphäre der Moralität sei. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass weder Fichte, noch Wischeslavzeff und auch nicht Natorp beanspruchen können, eine mit Kant vereinbare Interpretation des Verhältnisses von Recht und Moral bzw. eine daraus abzuleitende Kant-Kritik vorgelegt zu haben, die überzeugt.
Beyond Fundamentalism
Authors: Smith Jeremy D. , Smith Leah D. , Long JoAnn D. , Long Jesse C.
Published: December 2024

A rise in mental health issues among youth, including increased stress, has been observed worldwide. The developmental stage of adolescence, characterised by physical, psychological, and social development, is one which can inherently be “stressful.” Religion and spirituality can buffer stress. However, evidence suggests fundamentalist faith traditions may inadvertently contribute to unhealthy religious coping mechanisms, including increased stress. In this study, we conducted focus groups with youth and college mentors from fundamentalist backgrounds from 2016 to 2021 as a part of Vocati, a theology program for high school students. Participants were asked what they believed to be the “most important/significant issues associated with being Christian in a global world.” Researchers recorded narrative comments using a descriptive-interpretive qualitative approach and analysed the data using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Qualitative themes emerging from the narrative data were “persecution,” “hypocrisy,” “conforming to culture,” “divisiveness,” and “judgemental” Christians. This paper explores the perceptions reported and offers practical suggestions for reconstructing faith formation in youth coming from fundamentalist backgrounds.
Simone de Beauvoir on the Curse of Immortality
Authors: Berk Kiki
Published: December 2024

This paper identifies and analyzes the arguments against the desirability of immortality implicit in Beauvoir’s philosophical novel All Men Are Mortal. The main argument is based on the idea that an immortal life would necessarily lack four key values that make human life worth living: meaning, love, identity, and virtue. The novel contains four additional arguments, one regarding each specific value. I analyze and evaluate all five arguments and place them in the context of the ongoing debate over immortality’s desirability. I also identify connections between Beauvoir’s arguments and those of Bernard Williams, Martha Nussbaum, and Samuel Sheffler. Ultimately, I argue that Beauvoir’s arguments in All Men Are Mortal are original and plausible. As such, they can enrich the contemporary debate over the desirability of immortality. Understanding them also contributes to a better understanding of Beauvoir’s philosophy of death.
Freedom and the Other in Beauvoir’s A Very Easy Death
Authors: Wilkerson William S.
Published: December 2024

This essay elevates the philosophical importance of Beauvoir’s A Very Easy Death by showing that it makes significant contributions to her views on freedom, the relationship of self and other, and morality. Specifically, her memoir offers both a concrete demonstration of how one person’s freedom depends upon that of another and an argument that the process of dying undercuts the capacity for people to be free together.
Pratique du portrait chez Violette Leduc
Authors: Renaud Kiev
Published: December 2024

Cet article propose de dégager les techniques d’embaumement littéraire à l’œuvre dans la pratique du portrait chez Violette Leduc, c’est-à-dire les stratégies d’écriture servant à garder vivant le souvenir des personnes aimées. La métaphore de l’embaumement vient de Simone de Beauvoir, dans sa préface de La Bâtarde. L’analyse montre que la mémoire chez Leduc est décrite comme aussi tangible que la vision. L’inexorable mouvement du temps est caricaturalement grossi comme sous l’effet d’une loupe, ce qui permet de le saisir et de le contrôler pour inverser son cours.
Early Reformed Counterinterpretations of Hebrews 6:4–6
Authors: Northcott Christopher S.
Published: December 2024

This article reviews the strategies for interpretation of Heb. 6:4–6 by early Reformed interpreters (1500s–1700s) with respect to the identification of the people described therein. Particular attention is paid to their interpretive framework. All interpreters offered comment which was apologetically oriented, deploying several strategies with an eye to warding off Arminian rebuttals of the doctrine of perseverance. Some interpreters also offered comment which was contextually oriented and gave an account of the function of the passage in its larger literary context. Those who framed their interpretation by the apologetic considerations tended to devalue the experiences in Heb. 6:4–5. On the other hand, interpreters who paid attention to contextual considerations could point to their positive value. Those who focused exclusively on the apologetic angle offered an interpretation which failed to account for the positive role of the experiences and led to later Reformed interpreters adopting new interpretive strategies.
Tidings of Comfort and Joy
Authors: Wendel Alex R.
Published: December 2024

That the Spirit gives life is plainly stated and demonstrated in Scripture. How the Spirit gives and continues to sustain life in humanity is an ongoing discussion in contemporary theology that involves topics like justification and sanctification, theosis or deification, and the metaphysics of God’s relation to creation. Understanding the human dynamic of the Holy Spirit’s work in cultivating life is an area of continued debate with some relegating the human dimension of holiness to the exclusive work of God as an agent of holiness while others regard the human dynamic of holiness to be something attainable. The purpose of this essay is to argue for a view of human holiness that begins with and remains grounded in an understanding of the Holy Spirit proceeding as the ‘Gift of Love’ that is selflessly shared between the Father and the Son. Because the Holy Spirit is a gift, he is able to be truly given in a way that transforms human beings without tarnishing God. Human holiness is possible generally because of creation’s inherent participation in God and particularly because of the sanctifying work of the Holy Spirit giving himself to human beings in a way that makes them holy. The essay concludes with a proposal for the Christian life consisting of ‘holy happiness’ that is possible because of the Spirit indwelling, directing, and habituating humanity towards a life of holiness and happiness (beatitudo).
Nietzsche’s Interaction with the Christian Priest in The Birth of Tragedy and The Dionysiac Worldview
Authors: Higgins Mark
Published: December 2024

This article explores the nuanced interaction early Nietzsche affords towards the thought and mission of the Christian priest in The Birth of Tragedy and its associated The Dionysiac Worldview. In terms of positive engagement, first, Nietzsche’s project of ‘justification’, central to these works, can be seen as pertaining to the project of the Christian priest, as Nietzsche understands him. Second, Nietzsche chooses to characterise and demonstrate his preferred ‘justifications’, the ‘Apollonian’ and ‘Dionysian’, by paralleling and borrowing from historical efforts of theodicy formulated by the priest. Third, Nietzsche’s self-embraced project to revive a ‘Tragic’ culture, to ‘hallow’ the Dionysian, tracks the repeated historical role he attributes to the priest. Fourth, and here by way of critical engagement, Nietzsche’s analysis of the ‘Socratic’ justification, again paralleling elements from Christian theodicy, anticipates what will become Nietzsche’s mature, no longer nuanced, hostile stance towards the thought and function of the Christian priest figure.
On the Possibility of a Biblical Doctrine of the Trinity
Authors: Butner D. Glenn
Published: December 2024

A series of recently published books yield great potential for a biblical doctrine of the Trinity. I begin by showing the difficulty inherent in connecting some earlier research in biblical studies to a doctrinal articulation of the Trinity. The doctrine of the Trinity includes ontological elements, a wide range of concepts like consubstantiality and eternal generation, and a conviction that the Trinity is an accurate depiction of the God who reveals himself across the biblical canon. I then draw on six recent works on the Trinity or Christology and Scripture to note new developments related to doctrine and to offer suggested connections with historical and systematic theology. Authors discussed include Michael Bird, Ruben Bühner, Denis Farkasfalvy, Brandon Smith, Christopher Seitz, R. B. Jamieson, and Tyler Wittman.
Palaeoentomology: a summary of 2018–2023
Authors: HUANG DI-YING , ZHANG ZHI-QIANG
Published: December 2024

The historical background for founding Palaeoentomology was already discussed in Azar et al. (2018) and some bibliometric data were summarized in Zhang (2023). Here we share further details and our experiences in the early days during the founding of this journal in the hope that these may benefit other professional societies who may wish to develop their own journals. We updated bibliometric data to the end of 2023 and summarized new taxa described in the journal during the last six years. We also highlighted the importance of media in communicating science to the general public and outlined some minor changes in the editorial structure and process from 2025.
Discovery of the first fossil wasp (Hymenoptera: Dryinoidea: Embolemidae) from late middle Eocene Anglesea amber, Southeastern Australia
Authors: PAULSEN MARIA , OLMI MASSIMO , STILWELL JEFFREY
Published: December 2024

Embolemidae (Hymenoptera: Dryinoidea) are enigmatic parasitoid wasps belonging to the infraorder of Aculeata. Traditionally, Embolemidae had been classified within the superfamily Chrysidoidea, along with the extant families Bethylidae, Chrysididae, Dryinidae, Plumariidae, Sclerogibbidae, and Scolebythidae (Carpenter, 1999). However, recent phylogenetic studies questioned the monophyly of the superfamily Chrysidoidea, resulting in separating the clade of Dryinidae, Sclerogibbidae, and Embolemidae as either the sister-lineage of Aculeata s.s. (Branstetter et al., 2017, Blaimer et al., 2023) or as an early-diverging lineage sister-group to all other aculeate families (Pauli et al., 2021). Thus, the three families, including Embolemidae, are considered as a distinct superfamily of aculeate wasps, the Dryinoidea (Lepeco & Melo, 2024; Zhang et al., 2024). Currently, the family Embolemidae consists of four genera (Embolemus Westwood, 1833 ; Ampulicomorpha Ashmead, 1893 ; Baissobius Rasnitsyn, 1975 ; Embolemopsis Olmi et al., 2010) distributed in all zoogeographical regions (Guglielmino et al., 2013). Although, this family has largely been revised (e.g., Amarante et al., 1999; Achterberg & Kats, 2000; Azevedo & Amarante, 2006; Perrichot & Engel, 2011; Olmi et al., 2020), limited knowledge exists about its present biology and its fossil record (Perkovsky & Rasnitsyn, 2013).
Measuring Poverty: Advances to the Supplemental Poverty Measure
Authors: Johnson David S. , Levy Helen , Matsudaira Jordan , Wolfe Barbara L. , Ziliak James P.
Published: December 2024

Measuring poverty is a complex undertaking. It requires extensive research, expert judgment of how to define resources and needs, and a data infrastructure that enables accurate measurement. In this article, we briefly summarize the evolution of poverty measurement in the U.S. and discuss the recommended changes to the Supplemental Poverty Measure that were recently proposed by an expert panel of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM). We emphasize how the costs of medical care, child care, and housing can be better accounted for in the measurement of poverty, and the need to incorporate administrative data records with survey data.
Inside Eight Musical Futures Classrooms: What I Learned
Authors: Spears Amy
Published: December 2024

This article describes how I, an American music teacher educator, visited the classrooms of eight Musical Futures Champion Teachers in the United Kingdom and observed their teaching with a focus on informal music learning and nonformal teaching. Musical Futures, a professional development organization in the UK, is the original organization that implemented Lucy Green’s research on informal music learning and moved it into the music classroom. Through observation of these Musical Futures teachers’ classes, I understood what informal learning and nonformal teaching currently look like in practice and how they are implemented. I witnessed how Green’s work directly impacts their teaching philosophies, the processes and pedagogies they implement, and the resources they employ in the classroom.
Systematic review of long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications approved from 2008 to october 2024 and agents in phase 3
Authors: Meyer Ashley , Truman Kyla , Totlani Jayant , William Catherine , Brown Haze , Shah Shaishav , Hirsch Drew , Salem Mohamed , Chang Tiffany , Abdelsalam Rasha , Renteria Sabrina , Murphy Nathalie , Hedrick Rebecca , Danovitch Itai , Pechnick Robert N , IsHak Waguih William
Published: December 2024

Objective

The purpose of this systematic review is to provide a detailed summary of the long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) between 2008 to October 2024. We aim to provide an overview of the mechanism of action, indications for both labeled and off-label uses, evidence for efficacy, dosing, and the adverse effects of each drug.

Methods

Studies published from 2008 to October 1, 2024, were identified from the PubMed database, using the keywords: ‘long-acting injectables’ OR ‘LAI*’AND ‘psychopharm*” OR ‘schizophrenia’ The authors conducted a focused analysis independently and reached a consensus on the recently approved long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications to be included in this systematic review. Key findings were derived from the full text in order to create the tables from selected studies.

Results

A total of 13 long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications for the treatment of schizophrenia were FDA-approved between 2008 and October 1, 2024. One long-acting injectable antipsychotic is currently being investigated in a Phase 3 clinical trial. The indications, evidence, practical implementation issues, and adverse effects of each drug are discussed in this review.

Conclusion

Improved understanding of newly approved long-acting injectables is critical in the management of patients with schizophrenia. The FDA approval of long-acting injectables in the past 15 years creates hopeful options for clinicians to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life for their patients.
Generative AI in Higher Education: Uncertain Students, Ambiguous Use Cases, and Mercenary Perspectives
Authors: Stone Brian W.
Published: December 2024

Background: Students in higher education are using generative artificial intelligence (AI) despite mixed messages and contradictory policies. Objective: This study helps answer outstanding questions about many aspects of AI in higher education: familiarity, usage, perceptions of peers, ethical/social views, and AI grading. Method: I surveyed 733 undergraduates. Results: Students reported mixed levels of experience with AI and tended toward nervousness over excitement. Most reported professors addressing AI but not integrating it. While 41% of students had used AI in ways explicitly banned, many more students (59%) reported ambiguous use cases. Students overestimated peer cheating, and this predicted their own cheating, as did general experience with and excitement about AI. Meanwhile, 11% of students reported false accusations, with first-generation students possibly at a higher rate. Pragmatic views about career and inequality may be affecting behaviors. Men consistently reported more involvement with AI than women. Conclusion: Future research should focus on the hybrid collaboration of humans and AI and how AI might be leveraged to support and scaffold genuine learning. Teaching Implications: AI will be relevant to many future careers, and students increasingly want it to be part of their education. Academic integrity will be a continuing challenge, and students need transparency.
Sustainable and optimized power solution using hybrid energy system
Authors: Maggu Poorva , Singh Sugandha , Sinha Anurag , Biamba Cresantus N , Iwendi Celestine , Hashmi Arshad
Published: December 2024

This research study aims to develop and implement a sustainable and effective power solution for metropolises with a power demand ranging from 2.5 to 25 MW. The primary objective is to create a hybrid energy system (HES) that integrates various power sources, such as fuel cells and solar photovoltaic (PV), with the existing utility grid, thereby satisfying energy needs while minimizing dependency on conventional fuel-based energy sources like coal and oil. To achieve this, a thorough examination of the energy demand, availability of renewable resources, and current power infrastructure is conducted. This examination focuses on optimizing the design of the HES by considering critical factors such as grid integration, power generation capacity, energy storage capacity, and control strategies. The feasibility and performance of the proposed HES are assessed using a combination of simulation tools, mathematical modeling, and system analysis methodologies. The study carefully evaluates key factors such as system efficiency, reliability, and cost-effectiveness to ensure a durable and economically viable solution. The abstract of this study emphasizes the main quantitative findings, such as a 25% decrease in energy costs and a 30% boost in overall system efficiency, positioning the HES as an attractive choice for sustainable energy management. In addition to the technical aspects, the paper examines the environmental impacts of the HES, particularly its contribution to reducing carbon emissions and promoting clean energy usage. The research seeks to enhance the sustainability and efficiency of the city's energy supply by reducing reliance on fossil fuels, paving the way for a transition to more resilient and sustainable energy solutions. The findings underscore the potential benefits of incorporating renewable energy resources into the existing system, which could lead to lower greenhouse gas emissions, increased energy independence, and improved energy security for the city or facility.
Open phase fault-tolerant support vector machine predictive power control for six-phase induction generator WECS
Authors: Hamoudi Yanis , Abdolrasol Maher G.M. , Amimeur Hocine , Hassaini Faycal , Ker Pin Jern , Ustun Taha Selim
Published: December 2024

Wind energy systems are often located in remote areas or offshore, making maintenance and repair both expensive and logistically challenging. Fault-tolerant systems can assist in minimizing the frequency and urgency of maintenance, ultimately reducing operational costs. This study aims to design a simple and efficient Open-Phase Fault Tolerant (OPFT) control for a wind power system (WPS) based on an asymmetric six-phase induction generator using Finite-Set Predictive Power Control (FS-PPC). The suggested technique involves three key steps. Firstly, the current harmonics in the ( x, y) plane are analyzed to discover faults. Then, open-phase localization is achieved using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) with hyperparameter Bayesian Optimization (BO). Finally, the phase that forms 90 degrees with the faulty phase is opened to restore the system’s stability. Importantly, this approach does not require reconfiguring the control algorithm while preserving the system’s effective performance. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the OPFT-SVM-PPC control strategy in preserving control over the machine while ensuring high energy quality for the grid with a THD of 2.71%. By implementing this fault tolerance control, the system can operate reliably and deliver high-quality power, even in the presence of open-phase faults.
Challenges for first contact physiotherapists' managing sickness absence: Consensus development using the nominal group technique
Authors: Black Cameron , Shanmugam Sivaramkumar , Gray Heather
Published: December 2024

Objective

To identify the challenges and key learning and development needs of First Contact Physiotherapists (FCPs) providing fitness for work and sickness absence certification from Occupational Health physiotherpists' viewpoints.

Design

An online modified version of the Nominal Group Technique.

Participants

A convenience sample of 21 expert occupational health physiotherapists as participants whose substantive job role was within a public or private UK based occupational health provider.

Main Measure

Consensus on each competency was defined a priori as an agreement of more than 60%.

Results

Nine items ultimately reached the required 60% threshold consensus level from the Occupational Health expert group for Question 1 on the challenges involved in providing fitness for work and sickness absence certification. Of these items, five reached full consensus; two of which (‘Time’ and ‘Lack of knowledge’) were deemed the most important items. For Question 2 on the learning and development needs, six items reached full consensus from the group (100% of participants that ranked an item) and two of these items (‘Work conversations’ and ‘Training in Occupational Health topics’) both reached full consensus from the group and were deemed the most important items.

Conclusion

Most employees in the UK do not have access to Occupational Health services. Fit Notes can be an important vehicle to provide work-related, fitness for work and sickness absence advice to help prevent long-term sickness absence. This study provides insights into some barriers and educational development needs of FCPs in primary care, as judged by an expert Occupational Health physiotherapy group.
Effect of acetic acid shockwave phonophoresis on spur morphology, foot pain and function in patients with calcaneal spur: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Abdel-Aal Nabil Mahmoud , Amen Fatma Seddek , Azzam Ahmad Hamdi , Elwan Mostafa Ali
Published: December 2024

Objective

To investigate the effect of acetic acid shockwave phonophoresis on spur morphology, foot pain, and function in patients with calcaneal spurs.

Design

A double-blinded, randomised clinical trial.

Setting

Outpatients physical therapy clinics.

Participants

One hundred forty-seven patients with calcaneal spurs, 18–65 years old, were randomly allocated to three equal groups.

Intervention

The study group (A) received acetic acid shockwave phonophoresis plus conventional physical therapy. The study group (B) received shockwave therapy plus conventional physical therapy. The control group received conventional physical therapy programme only. Interventions were applied twice a week for 3 weeks.

Outcome measures

Calcaneal spur width, calcaneal spur length, pain intensity level, pain pressure threshold and foot and ankle ability measure activities of daily living subscale were measured at baseline, after 3 weeks of interventions and after 4 weeks of follow-up with no intervention.

Results

Between-group differences were observed for calcaneal spur width and length, pain intensity, pain pressure threshold and function after 3 weeks favouring Group A ( p < 0.001). Mean differences (95% CI) between study groups were −1.11 mm (−1.46, −0.77) for spur width; −1.34 mm (−1.67, −1.01) for spur length; −20.71 mm (−24.66, −16.77) for pain; 1.45 kg/cm2 (1.05, 1.85) for pain pressure threshold; and 12.16 points (9.24, 15.09) for function after 3 weeks.

Conclusions

Acetic acid shockwave phonophoresis combined with exercise clinically and statistically improves calcaneal spur width, length, pain intensity, pain pressure threshold and foot function more than shockwave therapy alone or conventional physical therapy. This method might be considered an effective, feasible, safe, non-invasive and locally applicable treatment for heel spurs.
Idiopathic eosinophilia complicated with cryptococcal meningitis: a case report
Authors: Liu Zhongshuo , Lou Ying , Ji Yingxiao , Zhao Congying , Li Litao
Published: December 2024

Idiopathic eosinophilia, characterized by unexplained peripheral blood eosinophilia after ruling out secondary causes, is an extremely rare condition. Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection that primarily affects immunocompromised individuals, such as those with advanced AIDS or leukemia. In this report, we present a unique case of idiopathic eosinophilia concurrent with cryptococcal meningitis, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first such case described globally.
Enhanced prediction of end-point carbon content in electric arc furnaces using Bayesian optimised fully connected neural networks with early stopping
Authors: Zhu Hongchun , Lu Hongbin , Jiang Zhouhua , Li Huabing , Yang Ce , Ni Zhuowen , Feng Hao , Zhang Shucai
Published: December 2024

This study developed a Bayesian optimisation-enhanced fully connected neural network (BO-EFCNN) model with an early stopping mechanism to predict the end-point carbon content in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking. Traditional approaches, including mechanistic and data-driven models, often encounter limitations such as the need for complex parameter tuning or extensive data. The proposed method integrates Bayesian optimisation to fine-tune hyperparameters and early stopping to prevent overfitting, ensuring effectiveness even with small sample sizes. Production data from a 100-ton EAF was preprocessed by eliminating outliers using the Isolation Forest algorithm and handling missing values with the K-nearest neighbour method. Relevant features were selected based on metallurgical principles and Pearson correlation analysis. The BO-EFCNN model was trained and evaluated using datasets of 500 and 5000 heats, respectively. Results demonstrated that the BO-EFCNN significantly outperformed benchmark models such as Support Vector Regression, Random Forest, Multivariate Linear Regression, and mechanistic models, particularly with smaller datasets. The model exhibited high accuracy and robustness, maintaining performance stability across different sample sizes. Testing over three consecutive months indicated the model's practical applicability, though a slight decline in accuracy over time suggests the need for periodic retraining. This research underscores the potential of BO-EFCNN for accurate and efficient EAF steelmaking predictions, especially in data-constrained environments.