bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of pulmonary ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute respiratory failure
Authors: Romano Marcello , Risicato Roberto , Vicari Enzo , Romano Giulia
Published: November 2018

Dyspnea is the main clinical manifestation of acute respiratory failure; however, it can be induced by different causes that require differential diagnosis. In elderly patients, the medical examination is limited by cognitive and physical deficits and the genesis of dyspnea is often multifactorial; therefore, the definition of the causes is more complex. In recent years, among the various diagnostic methods, pulmonary ultrasonography has found increasing interest and the main patterns of ultrasound semeiotics have been described, specially in the emergency and critical care setting, as for pneumonia, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, pulmonary infarction, interstitial pathology. The most recent Literature emphasizes the role of multi-organ ultrasound (pleuro-pulmonar; cardiac; caval and iliac-femoral venous), to diagnose with good accuracy the causes of dyspnea. In this review we report the lung ultrasound semeiotic patterns, useful for the bedside or pointof- care detection of the cause of dyspnea, particularly respiratory and/or cardiac, during the medical examination.
The First Decade of Web-Based Sports Injury Surveillance: Descriptive Epidemiology of Injuries in US High School Girls' Volleyball (2005–2006 Through 2013–2014) and National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Volleyball (2004–2005 Through 2013–2014)
Authors: Kerr Zachary Y. , Gregory Andrew J. , Wosmek Jill , Pierpoint Lauren A. , Currie Dustin W. , Knowles Sarah B. , Wasserman Erin B. , Dompier Thomas P. , Comstock R. Dawn , Marshall Stephen W.
Published: November 2018

Context: 

The advent of Web-based sports injury surveillance via programs such as the High School Reporting Information Online system and the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program has aided in the acquisition of girls' and women's volleyball injury data.

Objective: 

To describe the epidemiology of injuries sustained in high school girls' volleyball in the 2005–2006 through 2013–2014 academic years and collegiate women's volleyball in the 2004–2005 through 2013–2014 academic years using Web-based sports injury surveillance.

Design: 

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting: 

Online injury surveillance from high school girls' (annual average = 100) and collegiate women's (annual average = 50) volleyball teams.

Patients or Other Participants: 

Girls' and women's volleyball players who participated in practices and competitions during the 2005–2006 through 2013–2014 academic years in high school and the 2004–2005 through 2013–2014 academic years in college.

Main Outcome Measure(s): 

Athletic trainers collected time-loss (≥24 hours) injury and exposure data. Injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs), injury rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and injury proportions by body site and diagnosis were calculated.

Results: 

The High School Reporting Information Online system documented 1634 time-loss injuries during 1 471 872 AEs; the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program documented 2149 time-loss injuries during 563 845 AEs. The injury rate was higher in college than in high school (3.81/1000 versus 1.11/1000 AEs; IRR = 3.43; 95% CI = 3.22, 3.66), and higher in high schools with ≤1000 students than in those with >1000 students (IRR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.23, 1.49). Injury rates did not vary by collegiate division. The injury rate was higher during competitions than practices for high school (IRR = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.12, 1.36) but not for college (IRR = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.92, 1.10). Ankle sprains were common in both the high school and collegiate setting. However, liberos had a high incidence of concussion.

Conclusions: 

Injury rates were higher among collegiate than high school players. However, injury rates differed by event type in high school, unlike college. Concussion injury patterns among liberos varied from those for other positions. These findings highlight the need for injury-prevention interventions specific to setting and position.
Montreal, Toronto
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 1st Edition (1906) of the Atlas of Canada is plate that has two maps. The first map is of the city of Montreal and the second map is of the city of Toronto. At this time the cities had a population over 25, 000. The map indicates the
location of city wards, electric railways, and churches shown with the symbol of a cross.
Railways Ontario and Quebec
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 1st Edition (1906) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the rail companies that operated in Ontario and western Quebec, circa 1904. The railway lines are indicated in black, and the territory tributary to each line is shown in colours.
For example, any area coloured green, is in a closer proximity to a specific station on the Intercolonial railway, then to a station on any other system. This method is similarly applied to the other lines. The map includes statistics of the mileage, rolling stock, receipts, cost of construction and
the cost of maintenance of the various railway lines for 1903-04. Some mileage data is as of 1905. The table also gives the Canadian total for these statistics as of June 30, 1904. The map displays the railway systems running across the border and into part of the U.S., but they do not own or
control the Canadian railways.
Aborigines of Canada, Alaska and Greenland
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 2nd Edition (1915) of the Atlas of Canad, is a map that shows the distribution of 11 aboriginal groups of Canada, Alaska and Greenland, circa 1915. The areas shown in different colours represent land occupied by the native linguistic
families. There are a greater number of linguistic families on the Pacific coast of British Columbia than in all the rest of Canada. Major railway systems are shown.
Geology west sheet
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 2nd Edition (1915) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the geologic rock types of Western Canada. This map denotes the bedrock geology using letter codes and colour to indicate surface coverage and principal rock types. The legend
includes the period and epoch rock types were formed. The map also includes major cities and railway networks extending into the U.S.
International and interprovincial boundaries British Columbia and Yukon-Alaska Boundary, Ontario-Manitoba boundaries
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 2nd Edition (1915) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that consists of 2 maps illustrating international and interprovincial boundary historical claims. One map displays Ontario, Manitoba and adjacent parts of the US. The other map shows the
Alaska boundary dispute. British Columbia and Yukon - Alaska boundary map presents the respective disputes of Great Britain and the United States. The Ontario-Manitoba boundary map was concentrated on the contestation of the Dominion and Manitoba disputing the Ontario boundary, but arrived on an
agreement in 1912, and the boundary remained the same as it is displayed in the present. Major railway systems are presented on each map within the plate.
Average possible hours of sunshine in summer months, temperature
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 2nd Edition (1915) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows 9 maps. Four maps show the average possible hours of sunshine for Canada in the summer months. There is a map for the entire summer and individual maps for each of the summer
months (June, July, and August. The other five maps show the number of days during the year with temperatures above 32 degrees F (0 degrees C), 40 degrees F (4.4 degrees C), 50 degrees F (10 degrees C), 60 degrees F (15.6 degrees C) and 70 degrees F (21.1 degrees C). The temperature differences are
indicated with solid or dashed red lines indicating the number of days each portion of Canada will experience above temperatures indicated. In some of the maps, major railway systems are shown.
Lighthouses and sailing routes on Pacific Coast
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 2nd Edition (1915) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the lighthouses and sailing routes on the Pacific Coast. Each sailing route has the distance between major foreign ports and important Canadian ports on the Pacific Ocean. A table
gives the distance, in miles, to Vancouver and Victoria from other major ports. The lighthouses are distinguished between fixed and revolving lights, and light ships. The depth of the water along the coast line is indicated by contours and tints of blue. The deeper portions are shown in the darker
tints, while lighter tints indicate more shallow waters.
Territorial divisions
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 2nd Edition (1915) of the Atlas of Canada is a general reference map that shows Canadian political divisions. Newfoundland and Labrador are not yet a part of Canada, and thus omitted from the presentation as a Canadian province. The map shows
major railways across the country, major river names and selected places.
Toronto
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 2nd Edition (1915) of the Atlas of Canada is a maps that shows the city of Toronto. The map indicates the location of city wards, street names electric railways, and select buildings.
Transcontinental railways
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 2nd Edition (1915) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows Canada's transcontinental rail network. Ownership of these rail lines is included on the map. The portions of the main lines of the Grand Trunk, Grand Trunk Pacific, Canadian
Pacific, Canadian Northern and Canadian Government railway companies are shown as being in operation or projected. Red, green, blue, or black solid lines are in operation and dashed lines are projected. Major rail lines in the U.S. controlled by Canadian operators are also
shown.
West Coast Fisheries
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate showing general distribution in eight condensed maps of the certain species of West Coast fish, mollusks, crustaceans, and indicates the areas of greatest catches and amounts taken for most
species. These maps are based largely on statistics for landings of fish in 1952. The recorded ranges indicate where the various species are generally distributed.
Wheat and Barley
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows two condensed maps for the distribution of areas seeded in wheat and barley for harvesting circa 1951. Therefore, in the case of wheat, the areas include those seeded in the fall
of 1950 as well as those seeded in the spring of 1951. These two maps are both accompanied by pie charts showing the percentage distribution of seeded areas by province. No areas were devoted to either wheat or barley in Newfoundland.
Aeronautical Charts
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows ten condensed maps that lustrate the kinds of aeronautical charts that were prepared by the Surveys and Mapping Branch of the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys [now
Natural Resources Canada] as of 1956. The series of Aeronautical Charts on a scale of 1:506 880 (8 miles to 1 inch) consists of 221 maps principally used for visual reference flying while assisted by aeronautical aids. It is illustrated here by part of the Banff-Bassano sheet and part of the
Avalon-Burin sheet. The 1:1 000 000 series consists of 68 sheets. Its principal use is the same as for the 1:506 880 series but it is designed to serve higher speed aircraft. The portion reproduced here is from the Kootenay River chart. The Calgary Instrument Approach Chart and Landing Chart are
examples of a series of about 90 maps which form an integral part of the Canada Air Pilot. The Approach Chart is mainly used to descend, by instruments, through cloud
Earthquakes, Magnetism and Tides
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows maps of earthquakes, magnetism and tides across Canada. The two larger upper maps on this plate show geomagnetism. Since the North Magnetic Pole is in a different position from
the Geographical North Pole, and the lines of the earths magnetic forces are deflected by various agencies, the compass needle does not point toward the Geographical North Pole in most locations. The deflection of the compass needle from True North is called magnetic variation or declination. Thus,
for example, where variation is west, north as indicated by the compass needle is west of True North by the number of degrees marked on the isogones, as illustrated by the upper left map on this plate. The upper right map indicates the average annual change of magnetic variation in minutes. The
small inset map at the top of this plate, entitled Earthquake Probability, shows the damage which may result from earthquakes occurring in different parts o
Winnipeg and Edmonton
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows four condensed maps of the cities Edmonton and Winnipeg. The first two maps show the extent and classification of land use circa 1955 for both Edmonton and Winnipeg. Stages of
urban growth for both of these cities are shown on the remaining two maps. For Winnipeg, stages of urban growth are shown for periods ranging from 1835 to 1955 and for Edmonton, the periods range from 1802 to 1956. The urban growth maps represent the expansion of areas occupied by structures, yet
the small open areas classified as parks and playgrounds on the land-use maps are also included. These two remaining maps show the extent and classification of land use for both of these cities. In areas classified as dominantly farm land, vacant land includes forested areas, swamps, bogs and all
large areas not put to specific agricultural use.
Principal Religions
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate consisting of six condensed maps which show the principle religious denominations of the people living in Canada. The 1951 Census of Canada enumerated the religious denomination of which
each person was either a member or to which he or she adhered or favoured. This plate shows the distribution of population on this basis of the six religious groups which were most numerous in 1951. These six groups are as follows: Roman Catholic, The United Church of Canada, The Anglican Church of
Canada, Presbyterians, Baptists and Lutherans. Each map is accompanied by a pie chart showing the percentage distribution of each denomination by province and territory.
Non-Ferrous Metals - Eastern Canada
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows four condensed maps of non-ferrous metal mines, including refineries, smelters and reduction works that were in production or coming into production in Eastern Canada circa 1955.
As production figures for individual mines were not available, an attempt was made to convey their relative importance by showing the ore mill capacities. The metallurgical industries associated with non-ferrous metal mining convert most of the ore produced into metal in Canada but there were some
exceptions. No lithium metal was produced in Canada, while the product of the lithium mine in Quebec was shipped as spodumene concentrates; similarly, the product of the molybdenum mine in Quebec was shipped as molybdenum concentrates. Some titanium metal was produced, largely on an experimental
basis but most of the titanium, in the form of titanium dioxide, was exported for use in the pigment industry. The national map entitled Labour Force Engage
Sawmills
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows condensed maps of distributed sawmills in Canada, circa 1951. There are two main maps, one displaying the Western provinces of Canada, and the other southern Ontario, and Eastern
provinces. In the Western provinces, Vancouver Island and surrounding areas are displayed in a larger scale window in the corner. The map of Eastern provinces created a large scale map of the northern section of Newfoundland. Parts of the Northwest Territories are displayed in a third window at the
top of the plate. The Sawmills are represented by individual symbols in four size classes which are based on 1951 production.
Other Grains and Oilseeds
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows six compact maps illustrating the distribution of areas seeded in oats, mixed grain, rye, flax for seed, corn for grain, and soybeans for harvesting circa 1951. Therefore, in the
case of rye, the areas include those seeded in the fall of 1950 as well as those seeded in the spring of 1951. The term 'mixed grain' includes those grains sown to be harvested as a mixture with oats and barley being the most common combination. The map entitled Flax for Seed may include flax of
fibre varieties which were grown for seed. Each map is accompanied by a pie chart showing the percentage distribution of seeded areas by province.
Extent of Topographical Mapping Surveys - 1955
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows four maps and their extent of areas in Canada, which were mapped at various scales, circa 1955. The first map shows the areas which were mapped at scales of 1:50 000 and 1:63
360. The second and third maps show the areas mapped at scales of 1:126 720 and 1:190 080, respectively. The last map shows the areas which were mapped at scales of 1:250 000 and 1:253 440.
Seasonal Precipitation
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows four maps of the mean precipitation for spring (March to May), summer (June to August), fall (September to November) and winter (December to February). The total precipitation
for any season is the sum of the rainfall and one-tenth of the snowfall for that particular three-month period. The mean seasonal precipitation is the mean of the seasonal totals during the period 1921 to 1950 inclusive.
Bedrock Geology
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the bedrock geology across Canada that was compiled by the Geological Survey of Canada, circa 1956. The map denotes the geological time periods and makeup of bedrock for the
Canadian landmass. This map denotes the bedrock geology using letter codes and colour to indicate surface coverage and principal rock types. The legend includes the era and period of when the rock types were formed.
Ottawa and Toronto
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows a map with four condensed maps of the cities Toronto and Ottawa. The first two maps show the extent and classification of land use circa 1955 for both Toronto and Ottawa. For
Toronto, stages of urban growth are shown for periods ranging from 1793 to 1955 and for Ottawa, the periods range from 1826 to 1955. The urban growth maps represent the expansion of areas occupied by structures, yet the small open areas classified as parks and playgrounds on the land-use maps are
also included. These two remaining maps show the extent and classification of land use for both of these cities. The classifications for land-use maps were separated into: Industrial buildings; Industrial yards; Commercial buildings; Commercial yards; Railways and their installations; Institutional
buildings; Residential buildings; Cemeteries; Dominantly farm land; Vacant land. In areas classified as dominantly farm land, vacant land includes forested ar
Seasonal Temperatures
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows four maps of the mean daily temperatures for January, April, July and October averaged over the 30 year period, circa 1921-1950. The mean temperature for any day is the average
of the maximum and minimum temperatures for that day. The mean daily temperature for any month is the average of the mean temperatures for each day of that month.
Canada and the World
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows four condensed maps of the World, depicting the state of international affairs involving Canada circa late 1950s. The top left map shows countries of the Commonwealth. Dependencies
of the countries shown on this map are also indicated. The top right map shows member states of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and the Canadian delegation to the North Atlantic Council along with member and cooperating states and the permanent delegation of Canada for the Organization for
European Economic Cooperation. The bottom left map shows member states of the Colombo Plan for Cooperative Economic Development in South and Southeast Asia along with locations of Canadian Trade Commissioners, Commercial Counselors and Commercial Secretaries. The bottom right map shows the member
states, trust territories and mandates of the United Nations Organization. Locations of Canadian diplomatic representation abroad are also shown on this
Railways
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the pattern of the Canadian railway network. Lines of the principal railway companies are shown in colour, while those for smaller companies have the name of the operator written
beside their lines. The map gives substantial US coverage as well: it shows links to US rail companies, and also the location of American lines owned by Canadian railway companies. The map also has a table listing railway distances between 14 major centres.
Humidity and Fog
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is six maps that show the humidity and fog occurrences across Canada. Two maps on the top that show the mean mixing ratios for January and July, respectively. Mixing ratio is defined as the ratio of
the mass of the water vapor to the mass of dry air in a unit volume. The two mixing ratio maps on this plate are based on observations taken at midnight, 6 a.m., noon, and 6 p.m. Greenwich Mean Time over the ten year period from 1941 to 1950 inclusive. Humidity data was obtained from the regular
reading of artificially-ventilated dry and wet bulb thermometers housed in standard thermometer shelters. Knowing the dry bulb temperature and the difference in temperature between the dry and wet bulbs, it is possible to calculate the different measures of humidity. The remaining maps show the mean
number of days with fog for each of winter, spring, summer and fall. Winter is considered as the months of December, January and February; spring as March
Temperature Ranges
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows six maps of the Canadian ranges in temperature. The map entitled Mean Annual Maximum Temperature shows the mean of the highest temperature recorded each year from 1921 to 1950
inclusive. The Mean Annual Minimum Temperature map shows the mean of the lowest temperature recorded each year during the 30 year period. The two temperature extreme maps show the highest and lowest temperatures officially recorded during the same period. Two small maps show the number of days on
which temperatures of 90 degrees F (32.2 degrees C) or higher were recorded and the numbers of days on which the temperature was 0 degrees F (-17.8 degrees C) or lower.
Political Evolution
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows twenty-two condensed maps of the principal stages by which Canada evolved into a Federal State of ten provinces and two territories. The timeline of these maps ranges from 1763,
when, as per the Treaty of Paris, most of northeastern North America became British to 1949, when Newfoundland became the tenth province. Each map is accompanied by a short descriptive text.
Hydro and Fuel Electric Power - Western Canada
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the electrical generating network in Western Canada circa 1954. Generating plants are shown as either developed waterpower sites (in other words, hydro plants), or as fuel electric
plants (thermal plants). The plants are portrayed on the basis of their capacity, measured in horsepower. The map also shows transmission lines of 60 000 volts or higher. Note that in a number of cases, cartographic considerations require that two or more side-by-side transmission lines be shown as
a single line on the map. An interesting feature of the map is that it shows the location of potential hydro sites. Each of these is shown by a proportional circle measuring its potential capacity. There is an inset with two pie charts showing the distribution of net generating capability of
facilities in 1954. Net Generating Capability estimates are based on actual operating experience assuming all equipment is available at the time of annual pe
Populated Places - Northern Canada
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows as many populated places in Northern Canada in 1958. It also indicates, within certain limits, the number of inhabitants at each place and distinguishes between those places which
are incorporated and those which are not. Therefore, it shows the urban municipalities in those parts of the various provinces covered by the map. A table listing populated places in the territories and northern parts of six provinces along with geographical coordinates accompanies and correlates to
the map.
Manufacturing Centres
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows two condensed maps illustrating the distribution of the labour force engaged in manufacturing circa early 1950s. The map has a dot representing every 100 people in the
manufacturing labour force, with places of 1000 or more people in manufacturing being shown as proportional circles, instead. There are additional data for the 18 census metropolitan areas. This consists of a pie graph for each of these places showing the breakdown of the manufacturing labour force
into each of 16 manufacturing industry types. The total manufacturing labour force in each of the census metropolitan areas is also given.
Air Passenger Traffic
Authors:   Canada Department of Mines and Technical Surveys
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the flow of air passenger traffic for major companies circa 1953. Where more than one company operates over the same route, the traffic has been combined to show the total traffic
over that route. It should also be noted that the flow lines on this map do not necessarily follow actual routes and they should, therefore, be considered as diagrammatic only. The second map shows the labour force engaged in transportation and communication according to the 1951 Census. The data on
which this map is based includes all persons, regardless of their occupation, who were employed in the operations of air transport and airports; bus and coach transportation; railways (including express and telegraph services); taxi cabs; truck and water transportation; and services incidental to
all forms of transportation, grain elevators, storage and warehouse facilities, radio broadcasting and telephone services.
Échelles comparées
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows six maps of cities or towns at different scales. The portions of all, but the first and last of the maps, illustrate the principal national map series produced by the Surveys and
Mapping Branch of the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys [now Natural Resources Canada], circa 1958.
Répartition de la population en 1951
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the distribution of the Canadian population, circa 1951. Population sizes are indicated on the map by representative units of 50 or 1000. In southern Canada, the population of the
15 metropolitan areas and urban centres of 25 000 inhabitants and over is shown by a disc, the area of which is proportional to its population. The scale ranges from metropolitan Montreal (1 395 400 inhabitants) to Glace Bay (25 586 inhabitants). There are still very small populations in northern
Canada, but there are clusters within Capital cities, and a even larger concentration south, near the U.S. border, in particular along ocean or inland coastlines. The congregation near or on the coastline of water indicate the influence of industry, natural resources and trade. Two graphs accompany
this map. The first graph shows the numerical distribution of population for 1951 by Canada, the provinces and the territories. The second graph shows th
Bathymétrie et orographie Canada
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the depths (bathymetry) of the waters in and around Canada, together with the relief (orography) of the land. The bathymetric information was supplied by the Canadian Hydrographic
Service; the orographic information by the Topographical Survey; and the names of the principal physical features by the Geographical Branch, Department of Mines and Technical Surveys. There are also four profiles along meridians and parallels. All isolines and elevations are in
feet.
Sylviculture et industrie du bois
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows three condensed maps and four graphs representing various forestry and woodworking processes as well as the correlating statistics for Canada. The first map on this plate shows the
locations of sash, door and planing mills for 1951. This map includes establishments engaged wholly or principally in millwork or the production of sash, doors, frames, mouldings, planed lumber, matched lumber (other than hardwood flooring), prefabricated houses, wooden furniture, boxes and
containers as well as plants specializing in milling in transit. The second map shows most of the plants devoted to furniture production in 1951, although some of them also manufacture commodities other than furniture as secondary products. The furniture industry is not exclusively concerned with
woodworking as it produces such things as household furniture, office and store fixtures, metal and upholstered furniture and mattresses. In 1951, the furniture
Précipitations saisonnières
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows four maps of the mean precipitation for spring (March to May), summer (June to August), fall (September to November) and winter (December to February). The total precipitation
for any season is the sum of the rainfall and one-tenth of the snowfall for that particular three-month period. The mean seasonal precipitation is the mean of the seasonal totals during the period 1921 to 1950 inclusive.
Géologie
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the bedrock geology across Canada that was compiled by the Geological Survey of Canada, circa 1956. The map denotes the geological time periods and makeup of bedrock for the
Canadian landmass. This map denotes the bedrock geology using letter codes and colour to indicate surface coverage and principal rock types. The legend includes the era and period of when the rock types were formed.
Ottawa et Toronto
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows a map with four condensed maps of the cities Toronto and Ottawa. The first two maps show the extent and classification of land use circa 1955 for both Toronto and Ottawa. For
Toronto, stages of urban growth are shown for periods ranging from 1793 to 1955 and for Ottawa, the periods range from 1826 to 1955. The urban growth maps represent the expansion of areas occupied by structures, yet the small open areas classified as parks and playgrounds on the land-use maps are
also included. These two remaining maps show the extent and classification of land use for both of these cities. The classifications for land-use maps were separated into: Industrial buildings; Industrial yards; Commercial buildings; Commercial yards; Railways and their installations; Institutional
buildings; Residential buildings; Cemeteries; Dominantly farm land; Vacant land. In areas classified as dominantly farm land, vacant land includes forested ar
Saison de végétation
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows four maps of certain climatic aspects of the growing seasons. The first map shows the mean annual length of the growing season throughout Canada, assuming the growing season to
be that part of the year when the mean daily temperature is above 42 degrees F (5.6 degrees C). The map was constructed from data for the period 1921-1950 inclusive and is based on the mean annual number of days on which the mean temperature, as estimated from the smoothed annual course of
temperature, was above 42 degrees F (5.6 degrees C). The number of degree-days above 42 degrees F (5.6 degrees C) is the difference between the daily mean temperature and 42 degrees F (5.6 degrees C) when the former is more than 42 degrees F (5.6 degrees C). The annual number of degree-days, as
shown on the second map, is the sum of such daily values during the year. The mean growing season precipitation map shows the average precipitation during the growin
Régions physiographiques
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows the physiographic regions as well as the physiographic divisions at different scales, explaining the topography and rock types within Canada.
Enneigement
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the snow cover data, referring primarily to the presence and total depth of a snow cover on the surface of the earth, across Canada. This is in contrast to data characteristics of
snow cover depth, which increases by the occurrence of freshly fallen snow, but decreases by melting, wind action and settling. Two maps of these maps show the mean dates of the occurrence of first and last snow covers by one inch (2.54 cm) or greater. These are not necessarily the average dates to
the beginning and ending of a continuous snow cover, since the snow cover may form and later disappear once or several times during a winter season. A third map showing the mean annual number of days with a snow cover of one inch (2.54 cm) or greater, only includes those days on which there was a
snow cover. For the last map, the mean annual maximum depth of snow data was obtained by averaging the maximum depth reported for each snow season record
Températures extrêmes
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows six maps of the Canadian ranges in temperature. The map entitled Mean Annual Maximum Temperature shows the mean of the highest temperature recorded each year from 1921 to 1950
inclusive. The Mean Annual Minimum Temperature map shows the mean of the lowest temperature recorded each year during the 30 year period. The two temperature extreme maps show the highest and lowest temperatures officially recorded during the same period. Two small maps show the number of days on
which temperatures of 90 degrees F (32.2 degrees C) or higher were recorded and the numbers of days on which the temperature was 0 degrees F (-17.8 degrees C) or lower.
Aéroports et aérodromes civils, fuseaux horaires
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the locations of civil airports and aerodromes up to September 1957, together with the operational type of airport or aerodrome. The airports were classified according to class of
Air Carrier each is technically and administratively equipped to serve. Major Airports are those equipped to service all classes of Air Carrier; Other Scheduled Airports are those equipped to service all classes of Air Carrier, except International Scheduled Air Carriers; Non-scheduled Airports can
service one or more of the all classes, except Scheduled Air Carriers and International Scheduled Air Carriers; Water Airports shown are all Non-scheduled Airports. The map showing these airports also includes Canadian time zones circa 1957.
Peuplements des principaux arbres à valeur commerciale
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows 20 condensed maps of tree species native to Canada. There are 171 different species, but many of these are of little or no commercial importance in addition to, in many cases,
having a very restricted range. The maps on this plate show the ranges of the 35 species of economic importance. The range maps are similar to those used in the 1949 edition of Forestry Branch Bulletin 61, Native Trees of Canada. Shades of green indicate the ranges of the coniferous species commonly
known as softwoods. The brown tints show the ranges of the broadleaved, mostly deciduous species, commonly referred to as hardwoods.
Centres industriels
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows two condensed maps illustrating the distribution of the labour force engaged in manufacturing circa early 1950s. The map has a dot representing every 100 people in the
manufacturing labour force, with places of 1000 or more people in manufacturing being shown as proportional circles, instead. There are additional data for the 18 census metropolitan areas. This consists of a pie graph for each of these places showing the breakdown of the manufacturing labour force
into each of 16 manufacturing industry types. The total manufacturing labour force in each of the census metropolitan areas is also given.
Municipalités rurales Est du Canada
Authors:   Canada Department of the Interior
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the location and extent of rural municipalities in Eastern Canada circa late 1950s. County, township and other rural municipalities are indicated. Key tables for numbered
municipalities are included.
Age, sex and marital status, 1961; immigration and vital statistics
Authors:   Canada Surveys and Mapping Branch
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a set of three groups of graphs. The first group is population pyramids showing marital status percentages for Canada as a whole along with the provinces and territories by age and sex. The second
group shows the birth and death rates for 1921 to 1965 by province and territory. As well, for 1851 to 1961, the elements of population change are illustrated. The third group shows the intended destination province or territory for immigrants between 1939 and 1969, and the totals of these
immigrants by province or territory. Within this last group, the percentages of immigrants by country of birth are also shown.
Agriculture - selected characteristics; precipitation
Authors:   Canada Surveys and Mapping Branch
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a set of two maps showing for 1960, the total precipitation for April to September and the variation from average precipitation for April to September. Also included on this map plate is a set of
graphs showing farmland use and value of agricultural production for 1961 and for the period 1956 to 1967; percentage of acreage by crop, make up of fruit crops, greenhouse and nursery industry, forest and maple products summary, egg and dairy product summary and livestock
summaries.
Airports, aerodromes and time zones, 1967
Authors:   Canada Surveys and Mapping Branch
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate map that shows 2 maps. The first map shows the locations of airports and aerodromes as of 1967, and also time zone boundaries. Airports and aerodromes are denoted as being an international
airport, a Department of National Defense aerodrome or other airport / aerodrome and as having precision approach capability, non precision approach capability or no approach instrumentation. The length of each airport or aerodrome's runway is also indicated. The second map, at a scale of 1:35 000
000, shows the locations of water aerodromes and heliports for all of Canada.
Labour Force in Manufacturing
Authors:   Canada Surveys and Mapping Branch
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the labour force in manufacturing by place of residence for population centres and complexes in 1961. The main map is accompanied by two smaller maps showing Eastern Ontario and
Western Quebec and the Maritimes in greater detail (at a scale of 1:5 000 000). A set of graphs shows the percentage make up of urban / rural, male / female participants in the manufacturing labour forces for Canada, the provinces and the territories for 1961. An extensive supplementary text lists
174 population centres with a labour force over 500 and gives the total for each place as a percentage of the national labour force in manufacturing.
Weather stations; precipitation
Authors:   Canada Surveys and Mapping Branch
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a set of two maps. The first map shows the location of weather stations. Stations are denoted as having 25 to 30 year records within the period 1931 to 1960. As well, whether the station collected
temperature data, precipitation data or both temperature and precipitation data is indicated. Stations with records of less than 25 years are also denoted but there is no differentiation shown for the type of data collected at these stations. The second map shows the average annual precipitation for
the entire area of Canada.
Education
Authors:   Canada Surveys and Mapping Branch
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a set of four maps showing education achieved by percentage of population 5 years of age and over for each census division as of 1961. Persons classified under each of university, secondary and
elementary education levels had received some formal education at these levels prior to 1961.
Fur; ranges of selected mammals
Authors:   Canada Surveys and Mapping Branch
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a collection consisting of a map showing location, extent and number of fur farms for 1967 as well as several graphs and 12 small scale maps showing the ranges of: beaver, barren ground caribou,
mule deer, muskrat, woodland caribou, white tailed deer, mink, polar bear, mountain sheep, red fox / arctic fox, black bear / grisly bear and mountain goat / musk ox. The first graph shows the number, value and origin of raw furs for the 1966 to 1967 furring season as well as the territorial origin
of leading fur types as a percentage of the national value by province and territory. The remaining graphs show, for the period between the 1924 to 1925 and 1966 to 1967 furring seasons, the seasonal values of raw furs, the average price per pelt for selected kinds and the value of export and import
of raw furs.
Exploration
Authors:   Canada Surveys and Mapping Branch
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a set of two maps. The first map shows exploration routes of British, French and Spanish explorers of eastern and central North America between 1524 and 1912. The second map shows exploration
routes of British, Danish and French explorers of Hudson Bay and the western interior between 1610 and 1904.
Glacial Geology
Authors:   Canada Surveys and Mapping Branch
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows locations of currently existing glaciers as well as historical glacial information. The resulting effects that glaciers have had on landscape are also shown on this
map.
Finance, defense and public administration; service industries
Authors:   Canada Surveys and Mapping Branch
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a set of four maps. The first two maps show the labour force in finance, insurance and real estate as well as public administration and defence, as a percentage of the total experienced labour
force in each census division as of 1961. The last two maps show the labour force in personal services as well as community and business services as a percentage of the total experienced labour force in each census division as of 1961.
Distribution of population - 1851, 1871, 1901, 1921
Authors:   Canada Surveys and Mapping Branch
Published: November 2018

Contained within the 4th Edition (1974) of the Atlas of Canada is a collection of four maps showing the distribution of population for 1851 (Newfoundland 1857), 1871 (Newfoundland 1869), 1901 and 1921 by historical region. A supplementary chart for each map shows
the percentage of population by province and territory. As well, for each map, a text listing urban centres with historical populations of 10 000 or more is provided.