bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escuela lírica de Alfonso Reyes
Authors: Fabio Xammar Luis
Published: March 2021

Me pregunto, al iniciar estas líneas, ¿cómo, dibujar la figura de este sutil caballero de las Letras americanas, sin amenguar ninguno de sus matices, ñi prescindir de la nobleza de su espíritu que rodea el mundo espiritual de los poetas como un horizonte móvil? Y qué amplio y qué generoso el horizonte de Alfonso Reyes, abierto a todas las latitudes, sin olvidar su paisaje nativo de dura raigambre mejicana.
El problema de la unidad en la filosofía griega
Authors: Ibérico Rodríguez Mariano
Published: March 2021

El problema de la eternidad y deli tiempo se conecta de modo indisoluble con el de la unidad y de la variedad. Llegar a lo eterno equivale a alcanzar el reposo, ¡a paz absoluta y final. Y como este reposo, esta paz, sólo pueden obtenerse aboliendo al par todo movimiento, toda discordia, toda contradicción interior, resulta que la accesión a lo eterno debe confundirse con la accesión a la unidad. De hecho al alma le ha parecido siempre que así la perspectiva de lo que aparece y se pierde como de lo que se distingue y separa reconocen el mismo origen metafísico, y por eso la aspiración a la unidad ha sido siempre una aspiración a la quietud.
Posibilidad de una Literatura Americana
Authors: Alvarado Sánchez José
Published: March 2021

EN EL CAMPO, entre el Chicamocha y Soatá—de nombres deliciosos e inseguramente mestizos—y entre la bruma espesa que va subiendo del cañón del río, Tipacoqucha surgido para la literatura suramericana con perfiles inolvidables, pese a que la geografía y la historia y aún los caminos de Colombia y de América hayan olvidado un poco, por su parte, tan señero lugar; cuyo destino, quizás como el de aquel lugar de la Mancha, fuera más literario que histórico.
MEMES AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATION AND MANIPULATION
Authors:   University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Ertanowska Delfina
Published: March 2021

The article considers memes as a short form of internet statement. Memes was discussed as a successor to the primary interpersonal communication in the form of rock drawings, pictures, pictograms, and hieroglyphs. In addition, the issue of memes as a tool of media and political manipulation has been described. Areas of discussion also include paid trolling and specialized media services to build a modern political campaign through memes. The use of memes as a political marketing tool was discussed.
WAYS OF PROMOTING UKRANIAN PUBLISHING HOUSES ON FACEBOOK DURING QUARANTINE
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Sharova Iryna
Published: March 2021

The article reviews and analyzes the promotion of Ukrainian publishing houses on Facebook during quarantine in 2020. The study’s main objective is content and its types, which were used for representing on Facebook. We found out that going live and posting a text with a picture was most popular. The phenomenon of live video is tightly connected to the quarantine phenomenon. Though, not every publishing house was able to go live permanently or at least regular. However, simple text with a picture is the most uncomplicated content to post and the most popular. Ukrainian publishers also use UGC (User Generated Content), situational content, and different contexts. The biggest problem for Ukrainian publishers is continual strategic work with social media for promotion. During quarantine, social media became the first channel for communication with customers and subscribers. Therefore promotion on the Internet and in social media indeed should become equivalent to offline promotion.
COMMUNICATIVE SYNERGY OF UKRAINIAN NATIONAL VALUES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN HYBRID WAR
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lyzanchuk Vasyl
Published: March 2021

The author characterized the Ukrainian national values, national interests and national goals. It is emphasized that national values are conceptual, ideological bases, consolidating factors, important life guidelines on the way to effective protection of Ukraine from Russian aggression and building a democratic, united Ukrainian state. Author analyzes the functioning of the mass media in the context of educational propaganda of individual, social and state values, the dominant core of which are patriotism, human rights and freedoms, social justice, material and spiritual wealth of Ukrainians, natural resources, morality, peace, religiosity, benevolence, national security, constitutional order. These key national values are a strong moral and civic core, a life-giving element, a self-affirming synergy, which on the basis of homogeneity binds the current Ukrainian society with the ancestors and their centuries-old material and spiritual heritage. Attention is focused on the fact that the current problem of building the Ukrainian state and protecting it from the brutal Moscow invaders is directly dependent on the awareness of all citizens of the essence of national values, national interests, national goals and filling them with the meaning of life, charitable socio-political life. It is emphasized that the missionary vocation of journalists to orient readers and listeners to the meaningful choice of basic national values, on the basis of which Ukrainian citizens, regardless of nationality together they will overcome the external Moscow and internal aggression of the pro-Russian fifth column, achieve peace, return the Ukrainian territories seized by the Kremlin imperialists and, in agreement will build Ukrainian Ukraine.
TIME AND SPACE OF HISTORICAL PARALLELS OF EUGEN SVERSTIUK’S JOURNALISM
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Khomenko Tetiana
Published: March 2021

The article is dedicated to the investigation of time-space measurements of journalistic works of Eugen Sverstiuk, a well-known Ukrainian journalist. In particular, the time-space continuum of his works is being discussed, which is characterized as comprehensive, continuous, filled with archetypical images which metaphorize the text, but at the same time structure it, and are beaded on the axis of time and documentarily located in the space. The logics of images initiated in the text is exaggerated by constant dwelling of the author in the time-space dimensions of the epoque, of which he was a contemporary, as well as precise knowledge of World and Ukrainian history and culture. Historical parallelism of journalism of E. Sverstiuk possesses double potential. On the one hand, the author provides arguments for confirmation of his own opinion, and on the other, he shows us historical collisions in the new aspect, which helps consider the past, better understand the present, and think of the future. Pages of his works is space for author’s considerations, which logics impresses by free transgression of the author in the time, and his ability to grasp the most essential, although sometimes precedent, sometimes sudden and forgotten, or even unknown historical facts in order to force them to resonate in the new historical realities, first of all to indicate the importance of national and the need for assigning to it more significance. Using retrospectives, E. Sverstiuk encourages us to return to the national sources and to seek in ourselves the reflections of nationality in order to return historical truth to our audience. This is what, according to E. Sverstiuk, was believed to be one of the most necessary conditions of existence to the independent state. Time-space continuum of E. Sverstiuk’s journalism is reproduction of comprehensive history as continuous process of the development of humanity, and of formation of comprehensive, total, and so to say epic reading and understanding of these processes via accentuation of reader’s attention on key events, phenomena, and facts.
HISTORICAL CONTEXT IN THE COLLECTION OF ARTICLES BY TIMOTHY SNYDER «UKRAINIAN HISTORY, RUSSIAN POLITICS, EUROPEAN FUTURE»
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Stelmakh Marta
Published: March 2021

The article examines the problem of the image formation of Ukraine in the international arena in the historical journalism of Timothy Snyder. The subject of the research is the historical context in the journalistic collection «Ukrainian History, Russian Politics, European Future». It identifies the main considerations of the author on the past of Russian-Ukrainian relations and the need to develop historical consciousness in the fight against Russian manipulation. Methodology: the comparative, historical, system analysis and other methods are used in the process of scientific research. The results of the study were obtained by analysing the author’s journalistic works and by considering the main historical themes raised by Timothy Snyder. Main results: The historical context in Timothy Snyder’s journalism is often focused on the Holodomor and the events of World War II. After all, these events are connected with the beginning of the image formation of the Ukrainian people as supporters of Nazism by the Russian authorities and the devaluation of the Ukrainians’ contribution to the establishment of peace during the Second World War. It is determined that the non-reflective attitude to history, the inability to draw parallels between the events of the past and the future leads to an ineffective response to manipulation and propaganda, which can threaten world peace. Conclusions: the realization that Russian aggression against Ukraine has its own history is a necessary aspect in the elucidation of this issue. The Eurasian Union and cooperation with the European far-right are Russian propaganda tools that discredit the Ukrainian state in the world community. Publicist Timothy Snyder points out that Europe’s future interconnects with the past, so he emphasizes the need to study and rethink history, which today has become the object of propaganda and manipulation. Significance: The results of our study will help journalists who study the historical aspect of journalistic materials and research foreign materials on Ukrainian issues. In addition, our research is necessary for Ukraine, because Russia’s aggression continues, as well as the aggressor’s propaganda, which is based on the distortion and falsification of historical events.
VISUAL CONCEPTS OF PHOTO IN THE MEDIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF «UKRAINER» AND «REPORTERS»)
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Tabinskyy Yaroslav
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main forms of visualization in the media related to photo. The thematic visual concepts are described in accordance with the content of electronic media, which consider the impact of modern technologies on the development of media space. The researches of the Ukrainian and foreign educational institutions concerning the main features of modern photo is classificate. Modifications and new visual forms in the media are singled out. The main objective of the article is to study the visual concepts of modern photo and identify ideological and thematic priorities in photo projects. To achieve the main objective in the article a certain methodology were used. Due to the historical-theoretical description it was possible to substantiate the study of visual concepts. The conceptual-system method was used to study the subject of media photo projects. The main results of the research are the definition of visual concepts of photo on the example of electronic media and the identification of the main thematic features in the process of visual filling of the media space. Based on the study, we can conclude that today the information field needs quality visual content. For successful creation of visual concepts it is necessary to single out thematic features of modern photo and to carry out classifications on ideological and semantic signs. Given the rapid development of digital technologies, the topic of the scientific article we offer is relevant for scientists, journalists, media researchers, visual journalism experts and photojournalists. Modern space is filled with a large number of pictorial materials, which in most cases form specific images, patterns or stereotypes in the mind of the reader (viewer). Also important is the classification of photo used in journalistic publications. That is why there is a need to explore the content and principles of distribution of ideological priorities of photo in the media. The substantiation of scientists about the important place of photography in the modern media space and the future development of visual technologies, which already use artificial intelligence, is relevant.
THE IDEOLOGEME «DICTATORSHIP OF RELATIVISM» IN THE ROBERTO DE MATTEI’S ESSAYS: POSTMODERN AND POST-COMMUNIST CONTEXTS
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lylo Taras
Published: March 2021

The article considers relativism as a philosophical principle and the moral standpoint of a journalist. In particular, the main argumentation of Roberto de Mattei’s work «Dictatorship of Relativism» is analyzed. Like Ratzinger, the Italian publicist describes modern life as ruled by a dictatorship of relativism which does not recognize anything as definitive and whose ultimate goal consists solely of satisfying «the desires of one’s own ego». In his view, the boundaries of the main conflict of modernity lie between two visions of the world: one that believes in the existence of immutable, absolute values, and one that argues that there is nothing stable, that everything is conditional, time-dependent and can be discussed in the media. The markers of this conflict are our attitude to the famous statement of Protagoras about «man as a measure of all things: of the things that are, that they are, of the things that are not, that they are not», as well as to the non-debatable values, the status of natural and positive law, the worldview neutrality, the dehierarchization and multiplicity of truths, the equalization of all worldviews and axiological standpoint in foreign and Ukrainian media. A special attention in the article is paid to the ideological program of media-relativism, as well as to the postmodern and post-communist contexts of the issue of the penetration of relativism into the journalistic values.
Estádios de desenvolvimento da planta de subgrupos de cultivares de arroz irrigado por inundação
Authors: Steinmetz Silvio , Cuadra Santiago Vianna , Almeida Ivan Rodrigues de , Magalhães Júnior Ariano Martins de , Fagundes Paulo Ricardo Reis
Published: March 2021

A pesquisa recomenda que o manejo seja realizado de acordo com os estádios de desenvolvimento da planta (EDP). Em geral, a data de ocorrência dos EDP é determinada em experimentos de campo utilizando-se de uma escala fenológica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o número de dias (ND) para atingir seis EDP, de sete subgrupos de cultivares de arroz irrigado, visando o manejo da cultura. Experimentos de campo foram conduzidos na Embrapa Clima Temperado (ETB), município de Capão do Leão, RS, durante doze safras, utilizando-se seis épocas de semeadura por safra. Dez plantas de cada cultivar foram marcadas e tiveram os EDP determinados durante o ciclo. Os resultados indicaram que o ND para atingir os EDP variou de acordo com os subgrupos sendo que, para alguns estádios, excetuando-se o de quatro folhas (V4), houve diferença estatística entre os subgrupos. O período vegetativo (da emergência-E ao estádio de diferenciação da panícula-R1) representa em torno de 50% do ciclo total, e é o que apresenta as maiores diferenças entre os sete subgrupos de cultivares estudados quando comparado ao período reprodutivo 1 (do estádio R1 à antese-R4) e ao período reprodutivo 2 (do estádio R4 à maturidade completa dos grãos da panícula-R9).
SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA levels are not “viral load”
Authors: Michalakis Yannis , Sofonea Mircea T , Alizon Samuel , Bravo Ignacio G
Published: March 2021

Ct values are commonly used as proxy of SARS-CoV-2 “viral load”. Because of the (+)ssRNA nature of coronaviruses, current RT-qPCR target amplification does not distinguish replicative from transcriptional RNA. Although Ct values analyses through time, space and biological backgrounds remain informative, equating Ct with viral load may generate misleading conclusions.
KASIH KEPADA ALLAH
Authors: Harahap Ramli
Published: March 2021

Dekalog yang terdiri dari sepuluh firman tersebut adalah butir-butir hukum Tuhan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan satu dengan yang lain. Seluruhnya merupakan satu kesatuan yang saling terkait. Pelanggaran terhadap salah satu butir hukum tersebut berarti melanggar keseluruhan dari hukum tersebut (Yak. 2:10 = Sebab barangsiapa menuruti seluruh hukum itu, tetapi mengabaikan satu bagian dari padanya, ia bersalah terhadap seluruhnya).Para Teolog umumnya membagi Dekalog ini menjadi dua bagian, - berdasarkan Kesimpulan yang Tuhan Yesus berikan atas pertanyaan Hukum mana yang terutama di Matius 22:37-39 (Jawab Yesus kepadanya: "Kasihilah Tuhan, Allahmu, dengan segenap hatimu dan dengan segenap jiwamu dan dengan segenap akal budimu. Itulah hukum yang terutama dan yang pertama.
BUNGA RAMPAI INTEGRASI KEILMUAN DALAM MENGHADAPI NEW NORMAL PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Sejak konfirmasi kasus pertama Covid-19 di Indonesia , negara kita tidak hentinya dilanda gempuran tantangan diberbagai sektor. pertama pandemi ini secara nyata mengguncang sektor kesehatan. kedua, Covid-19 juga membawa dampak pada pelemahan pertumbuhan ekonomi. ketiga, berbagai adaptasi yang diperlakukan untuk mengurangi jumlah Covid-19 juga menciptakan efek domino pada kehidupan sosial yang dampaknya menghantam seluruh elemen bangsa mulai dari rumah tangga hingga negara.
Menimbang Pendekatan Teknokratis Dalam Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pembangunan Keagamaan Untuk Memperkuat Daya Saing Bangsa
Authors: Murtadlo Muhamad
Published: March 2021

Menerjemahkan rancangan teknokratik dalam pembangunan keagamaan menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi Kementerian Agama di Indonesia. Selama ini, pendekatan pembangunan keagamaan cenderung normatif, apa saja yang memang memerlukan pelayanan keagamaan oleh negara, maka negara hadir untuk memberikan pelayanan yang diperlukan. Dengan tuntutan rancangan teknokratik dalam meningkatkan daya saing dalam dimensi keagamaan, maka Kementerian Agama perlu merumuskan konsep-konsep kunci tertentu dan merumuskan pengukuran keberhasilannya. Penelitian ini mencoba menjawab pertanyaaan: bagaimana pendekatan teknokratis bisa diwujudkan dalam pembangunan keagamaan. Kajian dilakukan lebih banyak menggunakan studi literatur. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa potensi daya saing yang bida dikembangkan bidang keagamaan meliputi daya saing di bidang karakter, keilmuan dan kebudayaan. Untuk menuju peningkatan daya saing itu, melalui pendekatan teknokratis bisa dicapai melalui: pengukuran-pengukuran subtantif capaian pembangunan keagamaan; peningkatan produktifitas keilmuan yang bernuansa keagamaan; pengingkatan pemeliharaan dan pemanfaaat khazanah budaya keagamaan. Kata-kata Kunci: Pendekatan teknokratis, pembangunan keagamaan, daya saing keagamaan.
1
Authors: Keleynikov Mor , Benatov Joy , Cohen Noga
Published: March 2021

0000000000000000000000000000000000
perilaku masyarakat tentang covid-19
Authors: Surbakti Mahdalena Br
Published: March 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) adalah penyakit jenis baru yang belum pernah diidentifikasi sebelumnya pada manusia. COVID-19 menjadi masalah kesehatan Dunia pada awal tahun 2020,. Pentingnya kesadaran dari masyarakat untuk memutus rantai penularan COVID-19. Pengetahuan dan sikap dari masyarakat menjadi tolak ukur tentang kesadaran masyarakat. Mewabahnya penyebaran penyakit Corona Virus Diseases-19 atau dikenal dengan Covid19 yang menyebabkan bencana bagi masyarakat hingga mengakibatkan kematian ribuan jiwa diseluruh dunia, tidak terkecuali di Indonesia. Munculnya wabah penyakit ini mendorong pentingnya untuk memberikan edukasi terhadap masyarakat tentang prilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS). Selain itu, masyarakat perlu mengetahui dengan pasti penularan dan cara pencegahan Covid-19 agar tidak terus mewabah. Masyarakat sangat disarankan untuk tinggal di rumah saja, harus menggunakan masker, pekerja/karyawan bekerja dari rumah (Work From Home/WFH), selalu mencuci tangan dan menerapkan PHBS. PHBS merupakan starategi yang dapat mencegah penyebaran Covod-19. Masyarakat terus dihimbau untuk meningkatkan prilaku hidup bersih dan sehat dalam upaya pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19, karena perilaku masyarakat sangat berperan penting dalam penurunan angka penyebaran Covid-19.
Review of “The Routledge Handbook of the History of Women’s Economic Thought” by Kirsten Madden and Robert W. Dimand
Authors: May Ann Mari
Published: March 2021

Book Review of “The Routledge Handbook of the History of Women’s Economic Thought” by Kirsten Madden and Robert W. Dimand
Sejarah Sosial Hukum Islam Dalam Al-Qur’an (Asba Bun Nuzul)
Authors: Kafrawi Try Sa'adurrahman HM , Zakirah Zakirah , Nursalam Nursalam , Fadhil Muhammad , Basri Agus
Published: March 2021

Ilmu asba>bun nuzu>l menepati posisi vital dalam kajian ‘Ulu>mul al-Qur’an. Asumsi dasar ini didasarkan pada setidak-tidaknya dua hal. Secara historis sebagian ayat- ayat al-Qur’an yang turun didahului oleh sebab-sebab tertentu. Dengan kata lain bahwa sebagian ayat-ayat al-Qur’an memiliki asbabun nuzuldan sebagian yang lain tidak. Asbabun nuzul merupakan sebuah ilmu yang menunjukkan dan menyingkap hubungan dan dialektika antara teks dan realitas.
Quantifying the role of liquid hydrocarbons in the current and future energy balance of a self-sufficient Denmark
Authors: Eftekhari Ali Akbar
Published: March 2021

Denmark is a pioneer in the large-scale extraction of the sustainable energy of the wind, especially in theelectricity sector which supplies most of the Danish electricity consumption. A combination of these recentDanish successes, and the increased societal demand for the reduction of carbon dioxide emission in light ofthe recent IPCC report, has created the expectation of a fast transition from fossil fuel to sustainable energyresources in all energy sectors. Although this transition is inevitable due to the unsustainable nature of fossilfuels and the declining Danish oil and gas production, there is still an ongoing discussion, sometimessupported by qualitative evidence, on its possibility, extent, and urgency.This paper that is inspired by a true story of an unsuccessful date between a petroleum engineeringcolleague and a Danish environmentalist has a quantitative look at the future energy balance of Denmark byestimating the future energy consumption of a typical Dane and comparing it with the available renewableand non-renewable energy resources. It also suggests and compares different scenarios for a self-sufficientDenmark with 100% renewable energy, considering the available land and shallow sea and the footprint ofthe energy extraction and storage methods in Denmark. The results show that if the intermittency problem ofthe wind energy is addressed in the future, there is still a large demand, mostly from the transport sector, forliquid fuels with high energy-density, which needs to be addressed by a paradigm shift in transporttechnologies or large scale implementation of power to fuel technologies with a sustainable carbon source.
Cultural Narcissism as an Adaptive Strategy in Contemporary Academia
Authors: Vargo Elisabeth Julie
Published: March 2021

Universities around the world are undergoing a marketisation process in order to respond to consumer-oriented demands. Despite priority shifts, universities have remained traditionally hierarchical and elitist. Moreover, a new and growing generation of academic researchers has found it increasingly difficult to integrate in academia. Systems and patterns of behaviour breeding cultural narcissism, intended as a value system characterised by an investment in false self-projections backed by Machiavellian attainment, exist and appear to thrive in academic institutions. This organizational adaptation for survival can be seen as toxic and interlinked with workplace bullying and academic misconduct. The problematics we are witnessing today in many academic settings (high percentages of mental health issues, widespread research misconduct scandals and loss of credibility of academic research) could be explained through the lens of a narcissistic culture. Amidst economic difficulties, it might seem reasonable to adopt measures aimed at increasing assets and invest in highly entrepreneurial academics who attract financial resources to universities. Yet this same strategy might be promoting and perpetuating value systems that are undermining academic integrity, and therefore contributing to the scientific credibility crisis and failure of academic institutions.
The myth of visual depth cues IV: Cue integration
Authors: Maniatis Lydia
Published: March 2021

“Visual depth cues” are conventionally invoked to explain the perception of a 3D world. They are also said to be “combined” or “integrated” for even greater effectiveness. The logical and empirical problems (Maniatis 2021a-c) that apply to the various depth cues individually and the depth cue concept generally apply to “cue integration” as well. Evidence in favor of the view is ad hoc, “models” fundamentally incomplete and contradictions never resolved.
COVID-Dynamic: A large-scale multifaceted longitudinal study of socioemotional and behavioral change across the pandemic
Authors: Rusch Tessa , Han Yanting , Liang Dehua , Hopkins Amber Rose , Lawrence Caroline , Maoz Uri , Paul Lynn K. , Stanley Damian Alexander
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is a catastrophe that has caused societal upheaval globally. In the US, 2 it triggered an economic shock and laid bare societal inequities. However, it also afforded a unique 3 opportunity to elucidate the dynamics of psychosocial processes during extreme and volatile 4 conditions. From April 2020 through January 2021, we conducted a within-participant longitudinal 5 study—in 16 waves—to capture the COVID-19 experiences of >1000 US residents, together with 6 curated, external data to contextualize participants' responses. Each hour-long wave combined 7 standard psychological assessments with surveys of emotion, social/political/moral attitudes, 8 COVID-19-related behaviors, and tasks assessing implicit attitudes and social decision-making. 9 Here we characterize the sample, assess data quality, and showcase examples to demonstrate 10 the promise of this dataset, which is intended to be a resource for researchers interested in a 11 multitude of psychological questions, as well as clinicians and policy makers looking to mitigate 12 the psychological effects of future calamities.
Expanding the Reach of Psychosocial Services for Youth: Untapped Potential of Mentor-Delivered Single Session Interventions
Authors: Hart Mackenzie J. , Sung Jenna , McQuillin Samuel D. , Schleider Jessica L.
Published: March 2021

At present, the mental healthcare system cannot meet the demand for services, and the need-to-access gap is widest among children and adolescents. Single session interventions (SSIs) or brief, intentional, and mechanism-targeted prevention and intervention programs have shown promise in increasing the reach of effective, evidence-based services, but a wide gap still remains due to other structural barriers (e.g., workforce shortages). The present paper calls for the coupling of SSIs and mentor-delivered programs as a promising future step to further overcome the inaccessibility of youth mental health services. Indeed, capitalizing on the advantages of mentoring relationships (e.g., the associated interpersonal benefits and mentors’ pre-existence in most community settings) has the power to complement and enhance the value of SSIs, and to expand the acceptability and reach of evidence-based mental health services. In this paper, we discuss the anticipated benefits of mentor-delivered SSIs from multiple perspectives, as well as cautionary considerations related to the proposed model. To conclude, we highlight necessary implementation considerations prior to deploying any systems change.
Teaching Research in Principle and in Practice: What Do Psychology Instructors Think of Research Projects in Their Courses?
Authors: Wagge Jordan Rose , Hurst Michelle A , Brandt Mark John , Lazarevic Ljiljana B. , Legate Nicole , Grahe Jon E.
Published: March 2021

Psychology majors typically conduct at least one research project during their undergraduate studies, yet these projects rarely make a scientific contribution beyond the classroom. In this study, we explored one potential reason for this - that student projects may not be aligned with best practices in the field. In other words, we wondered if there was a mismatch between what instructors teach in principle and what student projects are in practice. To answer this, we asked a psychology instructors (n = 111) who regularly teach courses involving research projects questions about these projects. Instructors endorsed many of the commonly assumed pitfalls of student projects, such as not using rigorous methodology. Notably, the characteristics of these typical student projects did not align with the qualities instructors reported as being important in research practice. We highlight opportunities to align these qualities by employing resources such as crowdsourced projects specifically developed for student researchers.
The Study of the effect of Coin79 game on the academic achievement of 10 th grade high school students’ chemistry
Authors: Saleh Sedghpour Bahram , Gazafi Alireza Karami , Zabihifar Shima
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of educational mobile game based on theories of learning and educational psychology for the subject of the periodic table and also the effect of this method on students' academic achievements in the tenth grade of high school chemistry. The population of this study included all female students in the field of mathematics and experimental science in the tenth grade of high school who studied in Shahed and Fath Al-Mubin high schools in the city of Rey in the academic year of 2016-2017. Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select the sample. There were two groups of mathematics and experimental science in each of these schools. 20 students from the experimental school were randomly selected. They were presented and Q&A sessions were conducted online for the other group. In this study, finally, 20 people were randomly selected from the experimental group and 19 people from the control group due to the fall of the subject. Both groups were tested in ten sessions. After ten sessions, post-test was taken from the students again and at the end, the results were explained using statistical methods, analysis of covariance and block variance and the results showed that educational games (coin79) were effective on academic achievements. However, the effect of educational background on academic achievements was greater than the educational game and this indicated the condition that the educational game is more suitable for students with better educational background.
Effect of word of mouth, price perception, and product quality on purchase decision pempek the local culinary products in palembang city
Authors: Setiagraha Dika , Wahab Zakaria , Shihab Muchsin Saggaf , Susetyo Didik
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine whether or not there is an effect of word of mouth, price perception, and product quality on purchasing decisions for Pempek as the local culinary product in Palembang city, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The research results using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 software data were obtained from the primary data of 100 respondents. The results found that the variable word of mouth (X1) partially has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, the price perception variable (X2) partially affects the purchase decision, and the product quality variable (X3) partially has a positive effect on purchasing decisions. Simultaneously, word of mouth, price perception, and product quality influence purchasing decisions on the culinary product of Pempek in Palembang City. From the results of data processing, it was found that the coefficient of determination was 77.7% which indicates that other factors influence the remaining 22, 3% as an influence on purchasing decisions. The analysis technique used in this study is to use multiple linear regression analyses.
Purposes and Functions of Public Punishment in Roman Law in the Perspective of Justinian's Codification
Authors: Amielańczyk Krzysztof
Published: March 2021

The objectives and functions of the punishment for a public offence (crimen) had already been discussed by M. Tullius Cicero, Seneca the Younger, or Aulus Gellius many centuries before Emperor Justinian. According to their statements, the Romans distinguished in principle all the types of punitive functions known today: deterrence (special and general prevention), reprisal (retaliation), elimination (protection of society against the perpetrator), and even the rehabilitation

(educative) function. The emergence of the imperial judiciary extra ordinem in criminal matters could have been conducive to performance of various functions assigned to various penalties, along with the possibilities offered by the discretionary power of judicial decisions. However, when reading Emperor Justinian’s Constitutio Tanta and the numerous accounts from the Roman jurists included in his codification, contained in Book 48 of the Digest, one may be convinced that the function of paramount importance for the emperor was to deter potential perpetrators by means of severe penalties, including notably the death penalty. The educational function was rather marginal. The primary objective of the imperial criminal policy was the ruthlessly severe punishing for criminal offences (severitas, atrocitas) and the implementation of the postulate of inevitability of criminal responsibility.
Summum supplicium in the Legislation of Christian Roman Emperors
Authors: Chmiel Andrzej
Published: March 2021

This publication is an attempt to answer the question: what was the role of the criminal penalty, especially in its strictest form (summum supplicium) in the Roman legislation of Christian emperors? Finally, whether is it noticeable, based on the example of summum supplicium, that Christianity influenced the Roman criminal law in any way? As it has been demonstrated, the new state religion did not radically change the Roman criminal legislation. The legislation of the Christian emperors confirmed both, the division of society into servi and liberii that had existed for centuries in the Roman state and the diversity of the legal situation of individual social groups. Punishment in the legislation of Christian emperors continued to fulfil the role it had played in the previous centuries and became, even more than ever before, an essential tool for the political struggle of the present state authority. The finest example of this was the legislation of Constantine the Great, followed by all the severity of criminal repression which resulted in the issuing of this legal act. A great desire to bring about a new order, maintain power and even the fear of losing it can be detected in the strictness of the Constantine’s legislation. Finally, the once persecuted Christians began to behave like their previous persecutors.
Utilitas rei publicae contra misericordiam. Justinian’s Criminal Legislation in Borys Łapicki’s View
Authors: Czech-Jezierska Bożena
Published: March 2021

Borys Łapicki (1889–1974) was a Roman law scholar whose works contained many references to the correlations between Roman law and ethics. The article provides an overview of B. Łapicki’s writings and discusses his views on the concept of misericordia and on the influence of that concept on Emperor Justinian’s criminal legislation. A definite and clear-cut thesis emerges from this analysis. Borys Łapicki declares that although Justinian was an emperor who considered himself and was considered to be the great defender of the Christian faith, his legislation was influenced by the principle of utilitas rei publicae, rather than by Christian misericordia and by the humanitarian principles of the New Testament ethics. This is particularly evident in his criminal legislation. This leads B. Łapicki to conclude that it was “not Christianity that influenced Justinian, but on the contrary, he exercised his influence on Christianity so that it could serve his political purposes.”
The Last Judgement as Ordalium. Hans Memling’s Vision
Authors: Jońca Maciej
Published: March 2021

Hans Memling’s Last Judgement was created at the moment when the dominant form of legal proceedings over the whole European continent was that of ordo iudiciarius. This procedure was based on the principles drawn as far back as Roman law, that is why at present it is described as the Roman-Canonical procedure. It is surprising that the composition of the Last Judgement does not in any way refer to the said procedure, since the imagery of the Last Judgement over the centuries had been shaped on the basis of the solutions practiced in the earthly courts. However, ordo iudiciarius was too rigid and predictable. Its rules did not fit the idea of God’s immeasurable mercy. That is why the artist presented the Last Judgement as ordalium. In this procedure, in turn, God, in accordance with his nature, is not bound by anything, so he can bestow his grace in a sovereign way even upon those who do not deserve it.
Self-defence in Legislation of Christian Emperors
Authors: Loska Elżbieta
Published: March 2021

The notion of self-defence was visible in Roman law even in the archaic period. First mention that can be recognised as such was the right to kill a thief referred to in the Law of Twelve Tables. The institution gradually developed, encompassing a growing range of cases. However, regulations were still mostly casuistic. That also applies to the legislation of Christian emperors.
Pontius Pilate as a Late Antiquity and Early Medieval Judge – Iconographic Representations
Authors: Rupiewicz Romana
Published: March 2021

The image of a judge in Late Antiquity is shrouded in mystery as visual artefacts depicting court proceedings are scarce. Early Christian sarcophagi and miniatures adorning early manuscripts help in researching this topic. Illustrations of the trial of Jesus found there fully represent jurisprudence of the 4th and 5th century. Western artists had no knowledge of the hearing held at the beginning of the first century in Jerusalem, in a Roman province, hence they recreated what they knew from experience. The pictures presenting the trial of Jesus are probably the most important iconographic evidence of court proceedings in which a judge and an accused stand facing each other. Based on the iconography analysed, we can see that certain elements are recurrent. They include a curule seat, crossed legs of the judge, a laurel wreath, a table, presence of other persons wearing soldiers’ uniforms and clerks, whose role was probably that of a record taker. The image of Pilate in Late Antiquity is, in fact, a representation of early court scenes.
Subjective and Territorial Scope of confugium ad ecclesias, and Christian Ideas
Authors: Świrgoń-Skok Renata
Published: March 2021

Beginnings of asylum (asylum, ius asyli, confugium) in ancient Rome dates back to Romulus times. In subsequent periods of the development of the Roman state, the right of asylum was further developed and included in the norms of material and legal nature. In the Republic Period there were no comprehensive legal regulations regarding ius asyli, although temple asylum was known. It was only during the empire that legal regulation of asylum was in place and two of its forms were developed, confugium ad statuum (asylum, escape to the monument to the emperor) and confugium ad ecclesias (church asylum). That study focuses on answering the question of whether Christian ideas had an impact on the subjective and territorial scope confugium ad ecclesias. After the Edict of Milan in the year 313, Christianity, being able to worship publicly, began to influence the consciousness of the inhabitants of the empire. The Church was conceived as an institution protecting the weak, persecuted and those in need. The right of asylum was also enriched with some Christian elements, especially mercy (misericordia), in relation to individuals entitled to benefit from asylum protection. The territorial extent is also expanded to include places belonging to temples, such as the bishop’s house, cemetery and monasteries. An important novelty was the validity of confugium ad ecclesias in every Christian temple because it was not the emperor’s decision that was in force of ius asylum and the sanctity of the place. However, imperial constitutions played a more important role in shaping the right of asylum in the 4th and 5th centuries than the synodal legislation.
Notariusz jako instytucja obowiązana w rozumieniu ustawy o przeciwdziałaniu praniu pieniędzy oraz finansowaniu terroryzmu (omówienie niektórych zagadnień)
Authors: Kędzierski Maciej
Published: March 2021

Jedną z instytucji obowiązanych zobligowanych do przekazywania informacji na rzecz Generalnego Inspektora Informacji Finansowej o podejrzeniu prania pieniędzy oraz finansowania terroryzmu jest notariusz. Nowa ustawa z dnia 1 marca 2018 r. o przeciwdziałaniu praniu pieniędzy oraz finansowaniu terroryzmu (nUoP) nie przewidziała jako instytucji obowiązanej zastępcy notariusza. Instytucja ta została wprowadzona do ustawy z dnia 14 lutego 1991 r. – Prawo o notariacie w art. 76. W niektórych sytuacjach zastępca notarialny wykonuje zadania „jak notariusz”, tym samym powinien być również zobligowany do wykonywania obowiązków określonych w nUoP. Nie oznacza to jednak, że w tej sytuacji pozostaje on także „instytucją obowiązaną w rozumieniu nUoP”. Ta swoista dysfunkcja pomiędzy wskazanymi przepisami, powodująca niepewność sytuacji prawnej oraz lukę w systemie AML/CFT, wymusza potrzebę ujednolicenia rozwiązań i ustanowienia również zastępcy notarialnego – instytucją obowiązaną.
Wykroczenie niszczenia lub uszkadzania urządzeń służących do ochrony brzegów wód morskich lub śródlądowych (art. 81 Kodeksu wykroczeń)
Authors: Kulik Marek
Published: March 2021

Artykuł obejmuje analizę ustawowych znamion wykroczenia niszczenia lub uszkadzania urządzeń służących do ochrony brzegów wód morskich lub śródlądowych. Jest to ciekawy typ czynu zabronionego polegającego na wywołaniu czyny za bezskutkowe, jednak Autor twierdzi, że analizowany czyn ma charakter skutkowy. Z uwagi na konstrukcję typu wywołuje on trudności na gruncie zbiegu przepisów ustawy. Ich rozstrzygnięcie następuje na gruncie tzw. reguł wyłączania wielości, z uwzględnieniem zarówno logicznych, jak teleologicznych zasad wykładni.
W kierunku ratyfikacji Zrewidowanej Europejskiej Karty Społecznej – Polska wobec standardów ZEKS w zakresie ochrony trwałości stosunku pracy
Authors: Ludera-Ruszel Agata
Published: March 2021

Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na ocenie zgodności krajowych regulacji prawa pracy ze standardami ochrony trwałości stosunku pracy wynikającymi z art. 24 Zrewidowanej Europejskiej Karty Społecznej (ZEKS). Asumptem do podjęcia niniejszych rozważań jest kwestia ratyfikacji ZEKS przez Polskę, która powróciła do dyskursu publicznego po raz kolejny od momentu jej podpisania w dniu 25 października 2005 r. Przyjęcie ZEKS związane było z dążeniem do aktualizacji i dostosowania Europejskiej Karty Społecznej do zmian w dziedzinie stosunków społecznych i gospodarczych. Jednym z „nowych” praw uznanych w ZEKS jest prawo pracowników do ochrony przed nieuzasadnionym zwolnieniem z pracy, które wraz z pozostałymi prawami zawartymi w Karcie zalicza się do podstawowych praw socjalnych.
Glosa do uchwały Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 20 września 2018 r., I KZP 5/18
Authors: Szabłowska-Juckiewicz Marzena , Badowiec Renata
Published: March 2021

W komentowanej uchwale Sąd Najwyższy sformułował tezę, że znaczenie terminu ,,pracownik”, którym posłużono się w art. 218 § 1a K.k., powinno być ustalane za pomocą norm i definicji pochodzących z prawa pracy. Przestępstwo z art. 218 § 1a K.k. to przestępstwo jedynie przeciwko prawom pracowników w rozumieniu art. 2 K.p. oraz osób zatrudnionych na warunkach charakterystycznych dla stosunku pracy, niezależnie od nazwy zawartej przez strony umowy (art. 22 § 1¹ K.p.). Stanowisko Sądu Najwyższego należy zaaprobować. Terminowi ,,pracownik” nie można nadawać znaczenia szerszego niż funkcjonujące w prawie pracy, gdyż stanowiłoby to niedozwoloną wykładnię na niekorzyść oskarżonego, kolidującą z zasadą nullum crimen sine lege. Przekonująca jest również teza, aby sąd karny, orzekając o popełnieniu przestępstwa z art. 218 § 1a K.k., dokonywał ustaleń dotyczących wykonywania pracy w warunkach charakterystycznych dla stosunku pracy wbrew nazwie zawartej przez strony umowy zgodnie z zasadą jurysdykcyjnej samodzielności wyrażoną w art. 8 § 1 K.p.k.
Why Catholic Theology Needs Metapshysics: A Christological Perspective
Authors: White Thomas Joseph
Published: March 2021

The Chalcedonian confession of faith asserts that Christ is one person, the Son of God, subsisting in two natures, divine and human. The doctrine of the communication of idioms is essential to the life and practices of the Church insofar as we affirm there to be properties of deity and humanity present in the one subject, the Word made flesh. Such affirmations are made without a confusion of the two natures or their mutually distinct attributes. The affirmation that there is a divine and human nature in Christ is possible, however, only if it is also possible for human beings to think coherently about the divine nature, analogically, and human nature, univocally. Otherwise it is not feasible to receive understanding of the divine nature of Christ into the human intellect intrinsically and the revelation must remain wholly alien to natural human thought, even under the presumption that such understanding originates in grace. Likewise we can only think coherently of the eternal Son’s solidarity with us in human nature if we can conceive of a common human nature present in all human individuals. Consequently, it is only possible for the Church to confess some form of Chalcedonian doctrine if there is also a perennial metaphysical philosophy capable of thinking coherently about the divine and human natures from within the ambit of natural human reason. This also implies that the Church maintains a “metaphysical apostolate” in her public teaching, in her philosophical traditions, as well as in her scriptural and doctrinal enunciations.
I Padri della Chiesa e la metafisica: una relzione ineludibile
Authors: Maspero Giulio
Published: March 2021

Sono molto importanti le riflessioni sull’uso della metafisica nell’insegnamento dei Padri della Chiesa, perché questo legame è molto radicato nell’esegesi fatta da loro. Questa è stata contestata soprattutto in ambito della Riforma che sosteneva che il linguaggio biblico fosse una derivazione della filosofia greca pagana. Padri della Chiesa non solo hanno lavorato sulla metafisica stessa, ma hanno anche modificato la sua forma classica, elaborandola in un certo modo come una nuova ontologia. Questo ha aiutato molto nella descrizione teologica di Dio Trino e Uno in modo molto più preciso. Su questa base hanno interpretato molto più in profondità tante questioni teologiche, facendole vedere in una nuova luce, ad es. l’opera della creazione, il mistero dell’uomo e la mariologia.
Duch Święty w kontekście współczesnej teologii komunijnej
Authors: Jagodziński Marek
Published: March 2021

Pneumatologia przeżyła swoje specyficzne odrodzenie dzięki obudzeniu się na nowo myśli komunijnej. Komunijna analiza relacji wewnątrztrynitarnych prowadzi do budowania modeli trynitarnych, które w nowy sposób próbują ukazać także miejsce i rolę Ducha Świętego w łonie Trójcy Świętej. Należą do nich również komunikacyjne i komunijne modele Trójcy Świętej, ukazujące Ducha Świętego jako jednoczące i pośredniczące „środowisko sensu” oraz „przestrzeń” nieskończonej miłości w Bogu, co ma także znaczenie dla całej teologii.