bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
АНАЛИЗ ОСНОВОПОЛАГАЮЩИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ БЛОКЧЕЙН
Authors: О. Г. Потапенко  , А. О. Потапенко  , А. О. Юсупова
Published: February 2023

"Чаще всего при транзакции денег или чего-либо ценного, люди и предприятия в значительной степени полагаются на посредников, таких как банки и правительство, чтобы обеспечить доверие и уверенность. Посредники выполняют ряд важных задач, которые помогают укрепить доверие в процессе транзакции, например, аутентификация и ведение записей. На сегодняшний день имеется возможность отправлять кому-то деньги напрямую без помощи банка – за секунды, а не дни, не платя банковские сборы. Есть возможность хранить деньги в онлайн-кошельке, не привязанном к банку, что означает, что только пользователь, создавший этот кошелек, имеет полный контроль над своими деньгами. Это лишь некоторые из важных вариантов использования технологии блокчейна. Тем не менее, для многих она по-прежнему остается незнакомой, некоторые не уверены в том, что она будет использоваться в будущем. Скептицизм, вокруг данной технологии понятен, потому что блокчейн еще находится на ранней стадии разработки и широкого внедрения. В статье сделана попытка рассмотрения основополагающих фундаментальных исследований на основе которых была построена технология блокчейн.
АЭРОҒАРЫШ САЛАСЫНДАҒЫ МАМАНДАРДЫ ОҚЫТУДА ҰШҚЫШСЫЗ ҰШУ АППАРАТЫН КОМПЬЮТЕРЛІК МОДЕЛЬДЕУДІҢ ЕРЕКШЕЛІКТЕРІ
Authors: С. К. Атанов  , Х. Молдамурат  , С. Н. Нуркасымова
Published: February 2023

"Бұл мақалада аэроғарыш саласындағы мамандарды дяарлауда ұшқышсыз ұшу аппаратын компьютерлік модельдеу арқылы инженерлік бағытқа бейімдеудің ерекшеліктері қарастырылған. Компьюттерлік жобалауда – SolidWorks бағдарлама ортасында бұйымның 3Д моделін жасауды және ұшқышсыз ұшу аппаратының ең тиімді үлгісі алынды. Аэроғарыш саласында білім алатын білім алушыларға ұшқышсыз ұшу аппаратының ұшудағы аэродинамикалық және статикалық есептеулерді шешуді және модельдеуді ерекшеліктерін үйрету. Аэроғарыш саласында компьюттерлік бағдарламаларды қолдану өте тиімді, виртуальды ұшу аппараттарын жобалау, құрастыру, 3Д моделін сызу, статикалық жүктеме беру арқылы беріктігін сынау, ұшуда математикалық аэродинамикалық және баллистикалық есептеулерін жасау, уақыт бойнша графиктері мен диограммаларын алуға қолайлығы айтылған. Сонымен қаттар білім алушы процес барысында ұшу аппараттарын модельдеуде тез уақытта шешімдер алу, жобалау уақыттың үнемдеу және өзін өнертапқыш қасиетке баулуды машықтандырады. Жауынгер «Бүркіт» ҰҰА ұшудағы SolidWorks бағдарлама бойынша зерттеудің Min/Max көрсеткіштері алынған. Ұшқышсыз ұшу аппаратының қолдану аясы мен аэроғарыш саласында, қоғамда қаншалықты пайдалы және өзектілігі қарастырылған. Сонымен қатар техникалық және инженерлік мамандықтардағы цифрлық оқыту технологиясының тиімділігі қарастырлыған. Ұшқышсыз ұшу аппараттарға негізделіп жасалған виртуальды симуляциялауда ҰҰА өлшемдерін және ұшудағы әсер ететін параметрлерді бере отырып 3Д жобалауға және аэродинамикалық, статикалық жүктеме бере отырып жобалауға болады. Білім беру барысында виртуальды симуляциялау кезіңде аспаптар мен құрал-жабдықтарды пайдаланудың тиімділігі жазылған. Кілтті сөздер: Цифрлық білім беру, аэроғарыш саласы, SolidWorks бағдарламаcы, Ұшқышсыз ұшу аппараты, 3Д үлгі, компьютерлік модельдеу, инженерлік–техникалық бағыт, виртуальды симуляциялау ортасы."
ОТНОШЕНИЯ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ МНОЖЕСТВ
Authors: Э. М. Джусупова1, Д. С. Султангазинова  , Д. С. Султангазинова  , И. И. Павлюк
Published: February 2023

"В качестве основной проблемы данной научной работы выбран анализ теоретического материала о взаимном отображении элементов некоторых множеств. В этой статье рассмотрены теоретические данные, дополненные практическими исследованиями. Данная научная работа разработана в рамках дипломного проекта «Основания теории групп». В этой статье рассмотрены аксиомы группы, наложенные на отношения множеств. А именно, аксиомы ассоциативности (композиция) отношений, наличия обратного отношения, а также существования нейтрального отношения. Рассмотрена лемма, а также её доказательство, для двух бинарных отношений. Продемонстрирован принцип суперпозиции. Помимо всего того, что сказано выше, в статье также представлена фундаментальная теорема о множестве взаимно однозначных отображений некоторых множеств на себя, удовлетворяющая условию замкнутости суперпозиции, условию наличия противоположного (обратного) отображения, условию существования нейтрального отображения, а также условию ассоциативности (композиции) суперпозиции на данном множестве. С помощью этой теоремы было установлено, что данное множество является группой. Также из этого следует, что множество подстановок относительно операции суперпозиции является группой. Основные понятия, которые использовались для написания научной работы, можно найти в [1].
Analiza zmian zagospodarowania osiedla Kozanów we Wrocławiu w latach 1934–2020 na podstawie wybranych źródeł kartograficznych
Authors: Ajdacka Iga , Karsznia Izabela
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the work was to conduct the analysis covering the area of Kozanów neighborhood before and after the occurrence of the commonly named “Millennium flood” in 1997. The scope of the work included the analysis of four time states presented on old maps from 1934, 1979 and 1997 and a fragment of the OpenStreetMap database (OSM) current for 2020. The research included quantitative analyses, consisting of comparing all feature classes among the analyzed time states, as well as qualitative analyses, relating to the detailed characteristics of the maps and the OSM database. In order to ensure the comparability of all types of land use, old maps were georeferenced, and then the data contained on the maps were vectorized, which allowed to obtain a universal vector database for all tested time states. This enabled the design of maps of the Kozanów neighborhood for individual years and maps of changes presenting quantitative changes by feature classes. The output maps show an increase in the area of buildings and length of roads as well as a decrease of green areas and wastelands. The results of the work allowed us to draw conclusions regarding the severe negative effects of the flood that occurred in this neighborhood and the evaluation of the use of the OSM database in such analyses.
Lisansüstü Öğrencilerinin Kendini Yönetme Becerilerine Yönelik Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: ESMER Yusuf , ARIBAŞ Ayşe Nihan
Published: February 2023

Bireylerin hem özel yaşamlarında hem de iş yaşamlarında başarılı olabilmeleri için kendini yönetme becerisine sahip olmaları gerekmektedir. Kendini yönetme becerisi, eğitim hayatı ile başlamakta ve çalışma hayatı ile devam etmektedir. Öğrencilik yaşamında kendini yönetebilme becerisi kazanan bireylerin, eğitim hayatından sonraki aşamalarda da karşılaşılması muhtemel sorunlarla mücadele etme noktasında daha başarılı olabilecekleri söylenebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı iş dünyası için önemli bir insan kaynağı olan lisansüstü öğrencilerinin kendini yönetme becerilerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kapsamında görüşme tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmada öğrencilerin amaçları, hedefleri, misyonları, vizyonları, sahip oldukları değerler, sorumluluklar, hayatlarının dönüm noktası, stratejileri, güçlü ve zayıf yönleri ile tehdit ve fırsat algılarına yönelik 12 sorudan oluşan bir soru formu kullanılmıştır. Bayburt Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü Organik Tarım İşletmeciliği Anabilim Dalı`nda yüksek lisans ve doktora öğrenimi gören 25 öğrenciden veri toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, içerik analizine tabi tutularak öğrencilerin kendini yönetmeye yönelik algıları belirlenmiştir. Kendini yönetme konusunda genel olarak öne çıkan kavramların; kendini geliştirme, uzmanlaşma, dürüstlük, azim, kararlılık, üniversite, aile, sürekli öğrenme ve akademik derece olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, öğrencilerin kendini yönetme algılarından hareketle lisansüstü öğrencilerinin kendini yönetme becerisine sahip oldukları söylenebilmektedir.
राष्ट्रीय शिक्षण धोरण 2020, अंमलबजावणी आणि आव्हाने
Authors: प्रा. डाॅ. मुरलीधर पंडीत गायकवाड
Published: February 2023

शिक्षण हे सामाजिक बदलाचे महत्वपूर्ण माध्यम आहे. राष्ट्रीय दृष्टीकोनातून सर्वांसाठी शिक्षण हा राष्ट्र विकासाच्या संदर्भांतला महत्वाचा भाग आहे. सामाजिक, आर्थिक, सांस्कृतिक आणि अध्यात्मिक या सर्वांगीण विकासासाठी शिक्षण हा प्रमुख मार्ग आहे. विविध स्तरावर मानव विकासाचे कार्य करण्याची सर्वात मोठी शक्ती शिक्षणात आहे. त्यादृष्टीने आपल्या देशात विविध कालखंडात शिक्षण व शिक्षण पध्दतीत सुधारणा करण्यासाठी सातत्याने प्रयत्न करण्यात आले. उच्च शिक्षणाच्या विस्ताराची धोरणे आणि विकासासाठी प्रचलित कायद्याच्या चैकटीत आराखडा तयार करावा लागतो. शिक्षणाच्या सर्वांगीण विकासाचे प्रतिबिंब पडणे आवश्यक असते. गुणवत्ता वाढविण्याच्या दृष्टिने दुसÚया क्रांतीची आवश्यकता जाणवायला लागली. बहुतेक काम हे शारिरीक श्रमापेक्षा जास्त श्रेष्ठ असे साधारणतः मानण्यात येऊ लागल्याने अर्थव्यवस्थेला आवश्यक असलेले अर्धकुशल कामगार मिळणे दुरापास्त झाले. नव्या शैक्षणिक धोरणाने सध्याच्या शिक्षण व्यवस्थेतील समस्या ओळखल्या, आपण कुठे आहोत याची जाण प्रामाणिकपणे या धोरणाने करून दिली. परंतु या प्रामाणिक धोरणांची, प्रामाणिक अंमलबजावणी देखील तितकीच महत्वाची आहे. शैक्षणिक व्यवस्थेची दुरूस्ती मोठया प्रमाणावर करण्याची गरज या शैक्षणिक धोरणाने दर्शवली असून, अत्यंत गांभीर्याने परिस्थितीचे अवलोकन केल्याचे जाणवते. संख्यात्मकतेपासून गुणवत्तापूर्ण दृष्टीकोन असा प्रवास शैक्षणिक क्षेत्राचा होणे या धोरणाच्या संदर्भात अपेक्षित आहे.
An Analytical Study of E-Vehicle Application Blue-Smart Taxis in Mumbai
Authors: Ashutosh Sexena
Published: February 2023

The introduction of the Blue Smart Cab service is truly a better initiative for managing the better business opportunity. There is further focus on eco-friendly operations and convenient base of managing the operations, which is one of the Unique selling points of blue smart service. This service has been one of the lead initiatives of the business in terms of understanding how there can be a strong base to create E-Vehicle application and also on what criteria the E-Vehicles Taxi can be helpful in managing the problem of commute in different parts of India.
A Study on Awareness of Various E-Portals in Vasai-Virar Region
Authors: Mrs. Gargi Ganesh Sawant  , Ms. Manali Nagesh Churi
Published: February 2023

As we all know, there is a shift in the economy from paper to paperless. The purpose of this study is to examine awareness of various E-portals among the individuals of vasai-virar region and give appropriate suggestions to amplify the awareness of unfamiliar E-portals. Parametric one sample t-test is used to examine awareness of various E-portals among the individuals of vasai-virar region. It is clearly seen from the above study that there is high level of awareness of E-shopping, E-payments, E-banking, E—entertainment (OTT platforms), E-ticket booking (railways, flights, Bus, movie etc.) and E-education and low level of awareness of E-news, E-consultations, E-tax filing, E-Trading, E-yoga/exercises and E-gaming among the individual of vasai-virar region. Further studies can be conducted evaluating factors influencing adoption of E-portals using the UTAUT model.
Emotional Intelligence and Mental Health of College Students
Authors: Dr. Sudhakar Shivaji Jadhav
Published: February 2023

For the study of Emotional Intelligence and Mental health, sample randomly selected 100 College Students (50 boys & 50 girls) from various places in Raigad districts- (Mahad, Poladpur, Mangaon). The Emotional intelligence inventory of Dr. Mangal and S. Mangal and Mental Health Test of Dr. Singh and Dr. Gupta have been taken solved from these selected students. By Considering have hypotheses and variables, Various statistical techniques such as mean, standard deviation, t-value and ‘r’ used for analysis. The conclusion is that the factors of Mental health such as emotional intelligence, emotional stability, security, insecurity, self-concept, and intelligence are better in girls than boys; the factor over all adjustment is better in boys. Mental health is better than emotional intelligence, emotional intelligence and mental health have positive co-relation.
El derecho a la identidad sexual/género y a la libertad de expresión de género. Los avances en la protección sociolaboral de las personas trans
Authors: Arrúe Mendizábal Marta
Published: February 2023

El ámbito del trabajo continúa siendo un espacio adverso para las personas LGTBI y, de manera muy especial, para las personas trans. La reciente entrada en vigor de la Ley 15/2022, de 12 de julio, integral para la igualdad de trato y la no discriminación, y la inminente aprobación de la controvertida «Ley trans» suponen un importante avance para la protección de los derechos de las personas trans, principalmente por el reconocimiento de su libertad individual para decidir, exteriorizar y vivir de acuerdo con el sexo con el que cada cual se reconoce. El estudio también analiza la tutela antidiscriminatoria del colectivo trans en el entorno laboral y las acciones que disponen las normas vigentes y la futura norma estatal para lograr la igualdad real en el empleo y en el trabajo.
Sustainable Development Goal interactions through a climate lens: a global analysis
Authors:   Stockholm Environment Institute, Dzebo Adis , Shawoo Zoha
Published: February 2023

Interactions between key Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets are synergetic at the global level when pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C, according to the authors' analysis. Their findings indicate two objectives are most beneficial for making progress on all other targets: making progress on mobilizing climate finance and Official Development Assistance (ODA) and mainstreaming climate change into national policy.
A PRÁTICA DA MUSICOPSICOTERAPIA EVIDENCIADA EM ARTIGOS DO BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY ENTRE 1996 E 2010
Authors: Gonçalves Ítalo Mazoni dos Santos , Pedrosa Frederico Gonçalves
Published: February 2023

Para ampliar nossa compreensão sobre as relações entre Musicoterapia e Psicoterapia, investigamos como a Musicopsicoterapia estaria presente em artigos acadêmicos sobre a prática de musicoterapeutas junto a pessoas com algum tipo de transtorno mental, adoecimento ou dificuldade psicológica. Para tanto nos apoiamos teoricamente na proposta de Bruscia (1998), que identificou quatro níveis de Musicopsicoterapia de acordo com o grau de uso do discurso verbal no processo musicoterapêutico. Assim como recorremos ao trabalho de Wheeler (1983), que estabeleceu três tipos de prática musicopsicoterápica a partir dos objetivos relacionados ao uso da palavra. Neste sentido considerando nossa pergunta inicial, as referências bibliográficas estudadas e o percurso metodológico sugerido pela Análise Temática de Braun e Clarke (2006), optamos por analisar os artigos publicados no Brazilian Journal of Music Therapy entre os anos de 1996 e 2010. Assim, concluímos que a Musicoterapia como forma de psicoterapia e a Musicopsicoterapia em seus diversos níveis e tipos de prática estiveram presentes nas publicações deste periódico entre os anos de 1996 e 2010. Este achado nos confirmou a forte relação entre Musicoterapia e Psicoterapia, assim como nos proporcionou maior clareza quanto à prática da Musicopsicoterapia.
Microphysical processes of super typhoon Lekima (2019) and their impacts on polarimetric radar remote sensing of precipitation
Authors: Gou Yabin , Chen Haonan , Zhu Hong , Xue Lulin
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The complex precipitation microphysics associated with super
typhoon Lekima (2019) and its potential impacts on the consistency of
multi-source datasets and radar quantitative precipitation estimation were
disentangled using a suite of in situ and remote sensing observations around
the waterlogged area in the groove windward slope (GWS) of Yandang Mountain (YDM)
and Kuocang Mountain, China. The main findings include the following: (i) the quality control processing for radar and disdrometers, which collect raindrop size distribution (DSD) data, effectively enhances the self-consistency between radar measurements, such as radar
reflectivity (ZH), differential reflectivity (ZDR), and the specific
differential phase (KDP), as well as the consistency between radar, disdrometers,
and gauges. (ii) The microphysical processes, in which breakup overwhelms
coalescence in the coalescence–breakup balance of precipitation particles,
noticeably make radar measurements prone to be breakup-dominated in radar
volume gates, which accounts for the phenomenon where the high number
concentration rather than the large size of drops contributes more to a given
attenuation-corrected ZH (ZHC) and the significant
deviation of attenuation-corrected ZDR (ZDRC) from
its expected values (Z^DR) estimated by DSD-simulated
ZDR–ZH relationships. (iii) The twin-parameter radar rainfall estimates
based on measured ZH (ZHM) and ZDR
(ZDRM), and their corrected counterparts
ZHC and ZDRC, i.e.,
R(ZHM, ZDRM) and
R(ZHC, ZDRC), both tend
to overestimate rainfall around the GWS of YDM, mainly ascribed to the
unique microphysical process in which the breakup-dominated small-sized
drops above transition to the coalescence-dominated large-sized drops
falling near the surface. (iv) The improved performance of
R(ZHC, Z^DR) is attributed to
the utilization of Z^DR, which equals physically
converting breakup-dominated measurements in radar volume gates to their
coalescence-dominated counterparts, and this also benefits from the better
self-consistency between ZHC, Z^DR, and KDP,
as well as their consistency with the surface counterparts.
Using OMPS-LP color ratio to extract stratospheric aerosol particle size and concentration with application to volcanic eruptions
Authors: Wang Yi , Schoeberl Mark , Taha Ghassan , Zawada Daniel , Bourassa Adam
Published: February 2023

Abstract. We develop an algorithm that uses the aerosol extinction at two wavelengths (color ratio) to derive the size and number density for stratospheric aerosols. We apply our algorithm to Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite Limb Profiler (OMPS-LP) L2 and Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) data. We show that the color ratio between two wavelengths (e.g. 510 nm/869 nm) is insensitive to aerosol concentration and thus can be used to derive aerosol size assuming a log-normal size distribution. With the size and the extinction, we can compute a number density consistent with both wavelengths. Our results compare favorably to balloon borne particle size and concentration measurements. Our results are also consistent with SAGE solar occultation measurements. Finally, we show the background distribution of stratospheric aerosols and the changes in those distributions during the Reikoke and Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruptions. We also show the evolution of the size and number density of aerosols following both of those eruptions.
Large–Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Flux Patterns over Oasis Surface
Authors: Cao Bangjun , Shao Yaping , Yang Xianyu , Yin Xin , Liu Shaofeng
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Large-eddy simulation (LES) is widely used for studying surface fluxes over heterogeneous areas, but the parameterizations based on the Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST) often used violate the basic assumptions of the very theory and generate inconsistencies with the LES model closures. Experience shows that LES simulated surface fluxes are strongly dependent on model resolution. Here, we propose a novel scheme for turbulent flux estimates in LES models, which computes the fluxes locally using the LES sub-grid closure scheme (here a k-l scheme) and constrained on the macroscopic scale using the MOST. In comparison with several other schemes, the new scheme performs better for various types of land surfaces tested. The surface fluxes estimated with the new scheme are compared with the field measurements over an oasis surface at different height levels. Other quantities related to surface energy balance, including net radiation, ground heat flux and surface skin temperature, simulated using the new scheme are also found to be consistent with the measurements. Sensitivity tests show that the uncertainty of MOST flux vary little with horizontal resolution, while the macroscopic constraint of MOST increases with horizontal resolution.
Improved inference of tropical vegetation properties using seasonal Landsat Vegetation Indices
Authors: Ningthoujam Ramesh K. , Harrison Sandy P. , Prentice Iain Colin
Published: February 2023

Spatio-temporal quantification of vegetation diversity and structure is important for accurate monitoring of terrestrial ecosystems from space. Landsat data have been employed to provide estimates of vegetation biophysical properties due to their medium (30 m) spatial resolution, sufficient (16 days) temporal resolution, and spectral sensitivity to biophysical properties. This study has explored the use of Landsat-derived vegetation indices (VIs) related to greenness, moisture content and fire severity, recorded during the peak and late growing seasons, to estimate in situ observed species number, basal area and aboveground biomass (AGB) in tropical biomes that are affected by fire, and were surveyed at various stages of post-fire recovery. Linear and logarithmic regressions and coefficients of determination (R2) were computed to assess the relationships of species number, basal area and AGB with ten broadband VIs, with goodness of fit measured by root mean squared error (RMSE). Best fits were obtained using peak-season Green Chlorophyll Index (CI Green), Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI) and Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR2) for species number (R2 = 0.50–0.68, RMSE = 3–4), basal area (R2 = 0.23–0.37, RMSE = 1.0–1.1 m2 ha–1) and AGB (R2 = 0.66–0.74, RMSE = 1.1–1.2 Mg ha-1) in open savanna and savanna forest. Late-season Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), NDMI and NBR showed stronger relationships for species number (R2 = 0.88, RMSE = 5.72), basal area (R2 = 0.24–0.68, RMSE = 0.03–9.7 m2 ha–1) and AGB (R2 = 0.20–0.73, RMSE = 1.4–19.2 Mg ha–1) in most of the more complex forest biomes. These results are promising for the wider application of Landsat data especially from Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) multispectral sensor to infer post-fire vegetation recovery in tropical ecosystems.
Examining the "Window of Vulnerability" following steepland plantation forest removal in New Zealand
Authors: Phillips Chris
Published: February 2023

Harvesting of steepland forests results in a short period where the landscape is particularly susceptible to rainfall-triggered shallow landslides between crop rotations. This is known as the ‘window of vulnerability’ (WoV) and has been considered to occur up to 6-8 years following clearfelling. The WoV represents a period in the forest's rotation where the interplay between declining root strength from the previous crop coincides with changes in soil hydrology creating conditions where soil strength is at its lowest, and the slope is vulnerable to failure.This project aimed to focus on when maximum susceptibility to rainfall triggered landslides occurs within the WoV. We examined three areas in New Zealand where significant rain events (AEP's  < 1%) had resulted in many landslides on forest land harvested in the years immediately preceding those events.Using forest company imagery, LiDAR and satellite information we manually discriminated rainfall-triggered landslides for each study area. In all three areas, landslides were 'tagged' to vegetation cover, time since harvesting and whether associated with forest infrastructure such as roads and landings or not.Maximum landslide number and density occured on land clear-felled 2-4 years prior to the event and was slightly different for each study area. Landslides also occurred in older forest age classes and on areas with different vegetation covers, i.e., mature indigenous forests, pasture, scrub, etc. There were fewer landslides associated with forest infrastructure such as roads and landings than those deemed to be ‘natural’ slope failures.  Better information on the period of susceptibility to rainfall-triggered landslides following forest removal may help forest managers and regulators better understand the nature of this hazard and what can and can’t be done to mitigate the effects of rain events that result in landslides and in some cases often ‘disastrous’ off-forest impacts.
Influence of diagenesis on reservoir in He 8 member of the Permian Shihezi Formation in Longdong Area, Ordos Basin
Authors: cui gaixia , xu shouyu , wei qinlian
Published: February 2023

Abstract:As a typical representative of unconventional gas reservoirs, tight sandstone gas reservoirs have the characteristics of large reserves and rich oil and gas resources, and have become an important exploration and development target for the government and enterprises. As one of the large oil-bearing basins in China, Ordos Basin contains many sets of oil-bearing strata, which are rich in oil and gas resources and have obvious characteristics of source-reservoir-cap assemblage. Longdong area in the southwest of the basin, under the influence of sedimentary environment and tectonic factors, continuously deposited a set of relatively complete tight thick sandstone, and the multi-layer system is generally rich in oil and gas. With the deepening of the exploration of tight sandstone oil and gas, the area has gradually become a new oil and gas development replacement area.The physical properties, lithology, pore structure and other parameters of the reservoir in the study area were studied by using casting thin section, scanning electron microscope, high pressure mercury injection, physical property analysis and gas testing data. The results show that the main rock types of He 8 member in the study area are lithic quartz sandstone ( 61.6 % ) and lithic sandstone ( 15.06 % ). The grain size of the reservoir is coarse and the sorting is medium. The pore types are mainly intragranular dissolved pores, followed by intergranular pores and intercrystalline micropores.The reservoir thickness range and lithology in the study area vary greatly and the heterogeneity is strong. Reservoir properties are controlled by sedimentary facies and diagenesis. Sedimentary facies fundamentally control the reservoir physical conditions, sand body structure has an important influence on reservoir physical properties, cutting type single sand body reservoir physical properties is relatively good, splicing type sand body reservoir physical properties, poor isolated single sand body.Compaction is the main reason for the densification of reservoir physical properties. Water mica is the primary factor for the densification of reservoir caused by cementation. The dissolution degree of reservoir is low, and the effect of improving reservoir quality is limited. The research results can provide reliable geological basis and scientific basis for further exploration and development of the lower section of He 8 in Longdong area.
Depositional Environment of the Late Cretaceous Rakopi Formation in the Deepwater Taranaki Basin, New Zealand
Authors: Chenrai Piyaphong , Phujareanchaiwon Chawisa
Published: February 2023

The Late Cretaceous Rakopi Formation in the Deepwater Taranaki Basin is one of the most important source rocks and potential reservoirs in the Taranaki Basin. This study aims to interpret the depositional environments of the Rakopi Formation in the Deepwater Taranaki Basin by using seismic and well log interpretations. Based on seismic interpretation, the Rakopi Formation was interpreted to deposit in a delta setting which developed from the prograding delta into the distributary channels and swamps deposits on the delta plain. Sandstone distributions can be demonstrated from seismic attribute map in the prograding delta. Well log data provided significant source rock intervals consisting mainly of coal measures and were developed in the delta plain setting. The results from this study also shown that the coal intervals are generally corresponding to high negative amplitude reflections. Thus, integration of seismic and well log data can be used to reveal reservoir and source rock distributions in the petroleum exploration areas.
Why food industry and retail need to control impact of their supply chains on soil and how to achieve that
Authors: Frouzova Jaroslava , Čemus Vojtěch , Kotecký Vojtěch , Peterkova Alena , Frouz Jan
Published: February 2023

Substantial majority of food used by humanity depends on soil. Human population as well as per capita consumption are growing, this growth requires development of agriculture. At the same time, increasing proportion of human population lives in cities which causes detachment of consumers from soil and food production. Agricultural intensification has increased crop production but at the same time may bring negative environmental effects. Food market chains are, with a few exceptions, driven by retailers who determine sales strategies, price structure, production standards etc. Price is one of the key factors determining customer decisions. Pressure for lower prices can contribute, together with decreasing labor force in agriculture and many other factors, to increased pressure on farm intensification which have negative feedback to environment, society but also to stability of food market supply chain as explained above.  However, an increasing number of food retailers and food and beverage companies view environmental impacts of intensification, including soil degradation, as a risk to stability of their supply chains. They seek options to ensure more sustainable food production. Businesses employ standards and other interventions to steer their suppliers towards preferred practices either as part of their direct contact with suppliers or by using various certification and monitoring schemes operated by third party. This concept is now well established in biodiversity and prevention of deforestation. Nevertheless, soil protection has been emerging as a priority topic as well. Business engagement in soil protection will require effective instruments that can be applied in supply chains. Here we summarize our experiences with development soil protection guidelines in cooperation with Czech Confederation of Commerce and Tourism. 
Detection and source location of the groundwater-induced seismic signal in karst using a combination of passive and active seismic approaches
Authors: Karbala Ali Haleh , Bean Christopher J. , Chalari Athena
Published: February 2023

Karst is a landscape with distinctive hydrology and landforms that arise when the underlying rock is soluble. Locating the flowing conduits and pathways in karst is important in terms of water resource management, groundwater flooding, geotechnical and engineering projects. Understanding flow pathways is particularly important for road and railway construction, so as not to adversely affect hydrological networks, in particular those associated with Turloughs.The aim of this study was to develop methods for directly detecting energetic groundwater flow in sub-surface conduits through passive seismic applications, by detecting the small ground vibrations (seismic microtremor) that flowing water in the sub-surface may generate. This is in contrast to the current ‘traditional’ approach of attempting to actively image the conduits using geophysical and other methods, in order to determine the geometry of flow paths. The imagery of conduits in karst is a very difficult problem and determining if they contain flowing structures is also a very significant challenge using traditional methods, which is the motivation for developing a new approach to the problem.We undertook experiments at two sites on karst in Ireland; one gently-sloping shallow conduit and one relatively deep and complex-structured conduit. We chose these sites as the caves had previously been dived and we had access to the shapefiles of these caves to ground-truth our findings.We observed that subterranean flow-related micro-tremor in karst appears as persistent frequency bands on the spectrograms that vary with time and seismic station location with respect to the conduit. This persistent frequency is different than the soil resonating frequency and relates to the subterranean water flow in the conduits. Application of an Amplitude Location Method (ALM)  clearly delineated the conduit as the source of the micro-tremor.We also conducted an active Airgun experiment at the second site to locate the conduit by tracking a pressure wave, using two arrays of surface seismic stations, as it propagated into the conduit. This combination of detecting and locating seismic microtremor generated by water flow in the conduits and the use of seismic array analysis to track active Airgun source pressure waves propagating at depth in conduits offers a new tool kit for karst hydrology determination. In the next step, we will assess the applicability of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) using fiber optic cables as sensors for detecting sub-surface water flow, where we expect unrivaled spatial resolution of the flow-induced seismic wavefield. Such a study would be the first attempt to fill the current gap regarding an understanding of karst groundwater dynamics along the entire conduit pathway, at an exceptionally high spatial scale.
The relative role of orbital, CO2 and ice sheet forcing on Pleistocene climate
Authors: Williams Charles , Lord Natalie , Lunt Daniel , Kennedy-Asser Alan , Richards David , Crucifix Michel , Kontula Anne , Thorne Mike , Valdes Paul , Foster Gavin , McClymont Erin
Published: February 2023

During the last ~2.5 million years, the Quaternary period, Earth's climate fluctuated between a series of glacials and interglacials, driven by long-term internal forcings such as those in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and ice sheet extent, and external forcings such as the orbital parameters of the Earth around the Sun.  Climate models provide a useful tool for addressing questions concerning the driving mechanisms, dynamics, feedbacks, and sensitivity of the climate system associated with these variations.  However, the structural complexity of such models means that they require significant computational resources, especially when running long (> one million year) transient simulations, and as such are not suitable for exploring orbital-scale variability on these timescales.  Instead, here we use a climate model to calibrate a faster statistical model, or emulator, and use this to simulate the evolution of long-term palaeoclimate during the Quaternary period; firstly during the late Pleistocene (the last 800 thousand years) and secondly the entire Quaternary (the last 2.58 million years).  The emulator is driven by five forcing components: CO2, ice volume, and three orbital parameters.  We firstly compare the simulation with proxy records, and secondly investigate which forcing component is contributing the most to the simulation. The results suggest that the emulator performs well and generally agrees with the proxy records available during the late Pleistocene, for both temperature and precipitation, especially concerning the timing and duration of the various glacial-interglacial cycles.  There are, however, some instances of discrepancies, especially concerning the minima and maxima of the cycles.  A factorial experiment shows that CO2 concentrations and ice volumes changes drive the most variability.  The efficiency of the emulator approach also allows us to carry out a quasi-transient simulation through the entire Quaternary period, and allows projections of possible future drilling results from deep Antarctic ice cores.  
Assessing the climate change risk to underwater cultural heritage: the EU-funded WATERISKULT project
Authors: Germinario Luigi , Moro Isabella , Mazzoli Claudio
Published: February 2023

The impact of climate change on cultural assets represents a topical subject of scientific research, although spotlighting heritage sites on land while often neglecting the vulnerability of the underwater world. The WATERISKULT project (https://wateriskult.geoscienze.unipd.it), funded by the European Union under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, aims at filling that gap. The project will provide the first quantitative assessment of the risk to underwater cultural heritage, with a focus on archaeological stone, a material part of countless remains of ancient cities and ship cargoes sunken in the oceans. This contribution introduces WATERISKULT by presenting its layout and first research activities, based on an interdisciplinary approach (including petrography, oceanography, analytical chemistry, marine biology, hydraulic engineering, and underwater archaeology) and a mixed field and laboratory experimentation. The key-factors of climate change under investigation involve ocean acidification, sea level rise, ocean warming, and extreme weather events. Moreover, the causes and effects of current deterioration of archaeological stone materials are being explored, considering the Mediterranean Sea as pilot area. The research results are expected to help assessing the observed and predicted decay trends of underwater heritage sites, constrained by the diverse characteristics of the component materials and submarine environments.
Distribution of High-Tech Critical Metals in soils from the Ronda Ultramafic Massif (SW Spain)
Authors: González-Jiménez José Maria , Marchesi Claudio , Yesares Lola , Gervilla Fernando , Villanova Cristina , Proenza Joaquin
Published: February 2023

The Ronda ultramafic massif constitutes the Earth’s largest outcrop of peridotites (~ 300 km2) of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM). This massif is located in the westernmost part of the Málaga province in SW Spain, and mainly consists of peridotites (lherzolites and harzburgites with lesser amounts of dunites) and mafic pyroxenite layers (usually <10 %). These rocks are arranged in a petrologic and geochemical zoning consisting, from the top to the bottom of the mantle section, of the following domains: (1) spinel (±garnet) tectonite corresponding to the exhumed SCLM roots, (2) granular peridotite formed by thermal erosion of pre-existing spinel (±garnet) tectonite due to upwelling of the asthenosphere during unroofing, and (3) plagioclase tectonite corresponding to shear zones originated shortly before or contemporaneously to the crustal emplacement. The rocks forming these three domains exhibit contrasting degrees of fertility in a wide suite of elements, offering an unequal opportunity to evaluate the impact that different bedrocks have for the distribution of High-Tech Critical Metals in soils.We performed bulk-rock analyses of around 70 samples from 10 soil profiles above peridotites from the three aforementioned petrological domains. Regardless of the original bedrock, all the analyzed soils show a common trend of progressive enrichment of Fe2O3 and Al2O3 and depletion of MgO from bedrock to the atop of the profile. Minor elements such as MnO, TiO2, Na2O and K2O overall increase from bottom to top, whereas SiO2 remains generally unchanged. Interestingly, there is positive correlations between Fe2O3 and MnO as well as other transition metals such as Cr (up to ~9000 pm),  Co (up to 310 ppm), V (up to 181 ppm), Zn (up to 136 ppm) and Sc (up to 38 ppm). A general increasing of total REE (up to ~20 ppm) is also observed in most profiles with a significant enrichment of LREE over HREE.
Multi-scenario flood risk assessment: A case of Sagar Island, West Bengal, India
Authors: Nadupalli Praneta , Narendr Aishwarya , Aithal Bharath H.
Published: February 2023

Coastal landscapes are the major source of income and resources. Despite their high vulnerability tocoastal hazards, they are the homes of millions worldwide. Coastal floods are one of the most life-threateningincidents affecting the coastal living. Bound by water on three sides, the flood sensitivity of coastal India largelydepends on the spatial exposure of under-equipped population groups. This spatial impact of the coastal floodis likely to rise with the changing climate and exponential rise in the coastal population. The local governmentsand stakeholders rely on spontaneous methods of coastal flood mitigation, that are temporary, and do not helpin long-term resilience.Disaster resilience using spatial planning has been an intensely researched topic by many in this domain forthe past few decades. The development and availability of high-resolution remote sensing data and free andopen source spatial models have further facilitated the development of down-to-earth interventions forresource-crunched developing nations. The research presents a comparative assessment of Business as UsualScenario (BAU) and Flood resilient scenario modelling (FResMO), emphasizing the role of spatialplanning in reducing coastal flood risk during cyclone YAAS (2021) on Sagar Island, West Bengal. In thisanalysis, the flood hazard scenario of Sagar Island is developed and validated using a connected bathtubmodel. The flood risk in the region is estimated as the product of various vulnerability and exposureparameters. The vulnerability is dependent on socio-economic parameters, and exposure is related to thespatial proximity of the region to coastal floods. The vulnerability and exposure parameters are ranked usinga multi-criteria decision using Analytical Hierarchical Process and finally integrated for estimating presentand future flood risk. The future flood risk scenario for 2030 is developed based on the built-up predictionmodel ‘FUTURES’ that integrates the temporal landuse map, demography and socio-economic factors usinga multi-level logistic patch growing algorithm.Keywords: Coastal flood risk, Flood risk modelling, FUTURES, Spatial adaptation, Vulnerability
Superstatistical analysis of sea surface currents in the Gulf of Trieste, measured by HF Radar, and its relation to wind regimes
Authors: Flora Sofia , Ursella Laura , Wirth Achim
Published: February 2023

In this study, two years (2021-2022) of High Frequency Radar (HFR) sea surface current data (30 min time resolution) and modelled near-bottom wind data (1 h time resolution) in the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea) are analysed through a superstatistical (a superposition of different statistics) approach. Three distinct main wind forcing regimes are present in the Gulf of Trieste: Bora, Sirocco and low wind. Bora and Sirocco are strong winds whose characteristics are different: the Bora is a cold wind that blows in gusts from the East-North-East with a short fetch, the Sirocco is a warm wind that blows from the South with a fetch along the entire Adriatic. The currents in the Gulf of Trieste are forced and highly dependent on such variable wind conditions. It results in a succession of different sea current dynamics on different time scales, asking for a superstatistical analysis of the sea surface current data. From the oceanic signal it is possible to extract two different time scales: a relaxation time τ, the time the system spends to reach the local equilibrium and a larger timescale T, the time for which the signal is locally gaussian. This permits extracting a slowly varying β(t) strictly connected to the original time series’ local variance σ2=β-1. Neither β nor σ2 show well known PDFs and have algebraic tails. Contrary to what one might expect, they show a universal behaviour with respect to the different wind regimes blowing over the Gulf of Trieste.
Survival of the Deepest Peatlands? Peat Depth as a Driver of Ecohydrological Resilience to Drought and Wildfire
Authors: Waddington James Michael
Published: February 2023

Northern peatlands provide important ecosystem services (e.g. carbon storage, water storage, species at risk habitat). While these ecosystems are facing large increases in the areal extent and frequency of climate-mediated disturbances (e.g. wildfire, drought), they are generally resilient to these disturbances. Numerous autogenic ecohydrological feedbacks operate within peatlands that regulate their response to changes in seasonal water deficit. However, the foundational research upon which this peatland resilience framework understanding was based were undertaken in deep and large peatlands where a water table (WT) is ever-present. In contrast, little research has been undertaken on shallow and small-scale peat-accumulating systems and as such their vulnerability to disturbance remains unknown. To address this research gap, this study examines the ecohydrological processes that control water storage dynamics, moss water stress, depth of burn, and carbon fluxes in peatlands varying in average peat depth.

Shallower peatlands had greater water table variability, water table depths, water table drawdown rates, moss moisture stress and depths of burn than deeper peatlands. Moreover, peatland gross ecosystem productivity sequestration was significantly lower during periods when water table dropped below the peat layer. Mean summer water table depth was found to be significantly correlated with summer total net ecosystem CO2 exchange (R2adj = 0.923 ; p-value = 0.029) and GEP (R2adj = 0.994 ; p-value = 0.003), where wet summers with a water table  close to the peat surface sequestered more than twice the amount of CO2 than dry summers. These results suggest that peat depth is important in controlling the strength and sign of autogenic ecohydrological feedbacks and in determining peatland vulnerability to drought and wildfire. Moreover, this study provides insight into both the evolution of the optimality of peatland ecosystems and potential adaptation strategies to minimize the vulnerability of shallow and/or recently restored peatlands to drought.  
Development of Tropical Cyclones from African Easterly Waves : comparative study of three African Easterly Wave events during the CADDIWA campaign
Authors: Jonville Tanguy , Flamant Cyrille , Lavaysse Christophe , Delanoë Julien , Richard Pascal , Bounissou Sophie , Cazenave Quiterie , Colomb Hélène , Caudoux Christophe , Peyrillé Philippe , Cornillault Erwan
Published: February 2023

During the CADDIWA (Cloud-Atmospheric Dynamics-Dust Interaction in West Africa) airborne campaign that took place in September 2021, three tropical disturbances initiated from African Easterly Waves were sampled. Two of them reached the Tropical Storm state and were named Rose and Peter by the National Hurricane Center. The last one, later named Pierre-Henri, failed to develop. After a validation of reanalysis data for september 2021 against the data collected during the campaign, a comparative study of the three events will be conducted using ERA5, satellite and campaign data, with a focus on energy budgets. Several processes that may be catalysts or inhibiters for tropical cyclogenesis (AEW-Monsoon -, AEW-AEW -, dust-dynamics interaction ...) will especially be discussed. 