bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Karst Water in Zhenfeng Mountainous Area of Guizhou Province and Experience in Water Exploration
Authors: Qi Fu Li , Li Yong Li , Zhang Feng Long , Bai Yu Chun
Published: July 2012

Following the projects of groundwater exploration in Southwest areas of serious water shortage issued by Ministry of Land and Natural Resources in 2009, water exploration was carried out on the basis of comprehensive analysis and study of geology and hydrogeology in this area. Field investigation was conducted, and according to the landforms feature and stratum outcrop, key project spots were determined, combining with the geophysical methods to confirm the development of water-rich belt, optimize the location of holes and design the depth of holes, carry out hydrogeological drilling and pumping test for steady flow. This paper took drought-resistance wells in Zhenfeng County of Guizhou Province as successful typical examples of finding water, and briefly introduced the main methods, technical routes adopted in the water exploration and the results achieved.
Applications of Water Temperature Models to Water Diversion Open Channels
Authors: Jing He Fang , Li Chun Guang
Published: July 2012

In cold area of China, freezing process usually takes place in diversion open channels in winter, which may cause damage to these channels, the property and even the lives of people along these channels. In order to safely transport water using these channels in winter, it is necessary to study water temperature distribution and icing position in the channels. The water temperature distribution in a typical water diversion open channel in Ningxia of China is simulated by using three water temperature models, i.e. cross-section averaged one dimensional model, depth averaged two dimensional model, and width averaged two dimensional model. The numerical results are compared and analyzed among these models. The simulated results indicate that air temperature, wind speed and flow velocity are three key factors that affect the water temperature distribution and icing positions.
Water Quality Assessment Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation and Confidence Criteria
Authors: Dai Ben Lin , Mu Fei Hu , Xu Ning , He Yu Long
Published: July 2012

Considering that the limits with determined water quality classification using maximum degree criteria in traditional fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, a improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for water quality assessment is established based on confidence criteria. The method can effectively avoid the problems that include the water quality unclear classification and the unreasonable result, etc. Finally, the water quality of Chaping River is taken as a case study and the assessment results show that the sections in Chaping River water area can be described into 3 “category Ⅰ”, 5 “category Ⅱ” and 2 “category Ⅲ” states in 2008.
Decolorization Kinetics and Properties of Triphenodioxazine Reactive Dyes in Sodium Perborate-TAED Bleaching System
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zhu Yang
Published: July 2012

The decolorization behaviors of a triphenodioxazine reactive dye (C.I. Reactive Blue 198) in the activated oxygen bleach system containing sodium perborate (PB) and tetra-acetylethylenediamine (TAED) were investigated. The decolorization kinetics of the dye was found to follow the first-order kinetic model and the rate constant of decolorization increased significantly with increasing temperature. The activation energy for decolorizing reaction was 50.41 kJ/mol. The highest rate constant appeared at pH 8. The triphenodioxazine reactive dye showed poor stability to activated oxygen washing.
Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium for Binary Systems of Methyl Ethyl Ketone and Methyl Isobutyl Ketone
Authors: Li Xiao , Qiu Yun Ren
Published: July 2012

Atmospheric vapor-liquid equilibrium data of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) - methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) were measured using an improved Rose still and were used to recover the parameters of NRTL and UNIQUAC models. The results show that the simulated results agree well with the experimental data. The mean temperature variation is 0.14 °C and the mean mole fraction variation is 0.0023 using UNIQUAC model while the mean temperature variation is 0.17 °C and the mean mole fraction variation is 0.0025 using NRTL model. Both models can be used to calculate the atmospheric vapor-liquid equilibrium data of MEK - MIBK.
Non-Isothermal Kinetics Studies on the Thermal Decomposition of Boron Doped g-C3N4 by TG Method
Authors: Hang Zu Sheng , Wang Hui Ya , Ying San Jiu
Published: July 2012

Melamine and boron trioxide (B2O3) were directly pyrolyzed in semi-closed system to prepare Boron doped g-C3N4. The analytic results of XRD, XPS and FTIR proved that g-C3N4is doped by boron successfully. The thermal decomposition of B doped g-C3N4has been studied using TGA-DTG technique. The iterative procedure method was employed to calculate the activation energy Eα, and the most reasonable kinetic function of the decomposition of B doped g-C3N4was confirmed by the integral method with 36 types of kinetic function .
Application of Nanophases Stability Thermodynamics to Advanced Alloys
Authors: Minaev Yury A.
Published: July 2012

The thermodynamic analysis of stability conditions was carried out for disperse heterophase systems obtained by a method of NSP put in metal melts for high-temperature strength of the nickel alloys. For a thermodynamic criterion (К) of stability was selected the specific variation of a free energy of the process of a disperse system degradation (referred to unit of a surface phases contact change). The analysis was carried out in view of formation of thick and thin elastic wetting films and takes in account a disjoining pressure. Obtained new thermodynamically rigorous criterions can be used, if the isotherm of a disjoining pressure is measured. The derived criterions are simplified in the Young approximation. In this case the criterion are expressed through measurable interfacial performances - interfacial tension and wetting angles. The application of a stability condition gives a simple outcome: aggregation of NSP does not happen at a wetting angles ≤ 750. On a basis of own experimental data the evaluations are carried out for possibility of using of some compounds as exogenous modifiers of a nickel alloys. The example of dispersion hardening of high-temperature strength nickel alloy is reduced.
Study on Kinetics of Coagulant Polysilicate Aluminium Ferric Magnesium in Coagulation Process
Authors: Chen Ling
Published: July 2012

With poly aluminum ferric silicate (II) and magnesium (PSAFMS) coagulation treatment of four kinds of reactive dyes, through the determination of its absorbance with coagulation time changes, studied the coagulation reaction kinetics problems, as PSAFMS coagulant development would lay the theoretical foundation of application. Under coagulation condition that the water temperature was 8°C, pH=11, PSAFMS coagulant dosage was 10 ml/L, in 3 minutes the decolorization rate of reactive red RSB was 94.6%, reactive blue 3GF was 93.3%, reactive navy blue S-G was 80.8% and reactive yellow M-3RE was 75%. Different reactive dye decolorization rate is differences. It is related to dye molecular structure and particle size of the radius. From ln(0/t)-t, (1/0-1/t)-t relation curve of the linear correlation coefficient, the first-order reaction of the linear correlation coefficient than the secondary correlation coefficient was better, and more than 0.9668, so PSAFMS coagulant with reactive dye decolorization reaction is the first-order. The rate equations for the ln(0/t) = kt, just different reactive dye has different reaction rate constant. .
The Theoretical and Experimental Researches on a Kind of Dew Point Indirect Evaporative Cooler
Authors: Wang Bao Hong , Liu Zhong Bao , Cui Jin Ju
Published: July 2012

This paper designs a novel dew point indirect evaporative cooler. An experimental system of dew point indirect evaporative cooler is built up, The experimental results indicate that temperature of the primary air and the dew point efficiency have a positive relationship with the inlet temperature and relative humidity. Generally, in order to meet the blowing air requirements, maintain the high cooling efficiency and low temperature of the outlet air, the velocity of primary air should be 3m / s and the rate of primary and secondary air should be 1.5:1. When the flux of water is 3L/min the dew point efficiency is highest. In addition, the cooling effect was less affected by the temperature of the water.
Phase Equilibrium Study on the Quaternary System H2O-Na2SO4-MgSO4-C3H8 at 0°C and Pressure
Authors: Chen Panpan , Li Guoen , Guo Hongfei , Cao Ji Lin
Published: July 2012

In order to develop a new technology for separating the bloedite by the method of gas hydrate formation, the phase equilibrium of the H2O-Na2SO4-MgSO4-C3H8 system and its subsystems was studied at 0°C and pressure.The equilibrium pressure and the composition of solid and liquid above system were investigated.It was found that equilibrium pressure of gas hydrate formation was increasing with the increase of the Na2SO4( or MgSO4) concentration. The addition of anionic surfactant SDS helped to lower the equilibrium pressure of gas hydrate formation. The mother liquor amount entrained in the gas hydrate after liquid separation by sinking was very high when surfactants was not added. But the equilibrium pressure of gas hydrate formation and the mother liquor amount entrained in gas hydrate were decreased when surfactant was added to the system.
Thermodynamic Model for Vapor-Liquid Phase Equilibrium in an Exerted Magnetic Field
Authors: Tang Hong Bo , Zhang Min Qing
Published: July 2012

Many researchers have shown a great deal of interest in the effects that magnetic fields have when applied in chemical reactions, crystallization, magnetic separation of materials, magnetic levitation, materials processing, and wastewater treatment. However, surprisingly little research has been done on the effects of magnetic fields on the vapor-liquid equilibrium and the thermodynamic model for vapor-liquid phase equilibrium. The influence of magnetic fields on vapor-liquid equilibrium of binary heterogeneous azeotrope was investigated with ethanol-water in this paper. It was found that the vapor-liquid equilibrium of an ethanol-water system is influenced by the external magnetic field, but that the azeotropic point of the ethanol-water system is not changed by the magnetic field when the magnetic intensity reaches 0.8 T. Rather, the exerted magnetic field reduces the equilibrium temperature and shortens the distance between T-x curve and T-y curve in T-x-y diagram of the vapor-liquid equilibrium of the ethanol-water system. A thermodynamic model for vapor-liquid phase equilibrium in the exerted magnetic field was derived theoretically, based on the fundamental thermodynamic theory. The results show that the logarithm value of the ratio of the composition of the certain component in a magnetic field to that without the magnetic field is proportional to the magnetic susceptibility of the solution, and to the square of magnetic field intensity. This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.
Experimental Investigation on Nucleation Supercooling Degree of TiO2–H2O Nanofluids for Cool Storage
Authors: He Qin Bo , Zeng Shequan , Yin Shaoyou , Wang Shuang Feng
Published: July 2012

This paper presents a study on the impact of the nucleation supercooling degree of nanofluids. Three different mass fraction TiO2-H2O nanofluids with 20nm TiO2were prepared by supersonic oscillator through appending hydrophilic dispersant into deionized water. TiO2-H2O nanofluids and deionized water were tested by the experiments of freezing synchronous. The experimental results show that nanofluids have remarkably lower supercooling degree than deionized water, and the time of beginning nucleation is ahead of deionized water, also the total freezing time is lower than that of deionized water. And the influences of different cooling temperature to the supercooling degree were observed, with the cooling temperature increasing, the supercooling degree reduced.
Main Chemical Nutrient Balances of a Typical Arable Ecosystem in North China
Authors: Peng Kui
Published: July 2012

Changes of nutrient cycle and balance in agricultural ecosystem will bring heavy impacts not only on land production, but also on ecological and environmental condition. We studied on the balances of main nutrients (carbon, nitrogen and phosphor) and their long-term changes in a typical arable ecosystem in North China, based on the resource data got from household surveys combined with land use data derived from remote sensing imagery. The results show that C and N balances of large-scale irrigated land changed from deficits in 1945 into great surpluses in 2002, respectively, and P surpluses also doubled in 2002. C, N and P balances in overall arable ecosystem showed significant surpluses despite of decreased total arable area after 60 years. Contrarily, C and N fluxes of arable landscape in 1945 showed overall deficits. Nutrient balance changes of arable lands were impacted mainly by anthropogenic factors such as fertilizer input, land productivity crop residue utility and land use.
Mass Transfer Mechanisms of ASP Flooding in Porous Media
Authors: Xiao Han Min , Sun Ling Hui , Kou Hui Hui
Published: July 2012

Experiments on chromatography separation are taken for ASP flooding. Mass transfer equation is estabilished and mutiple adsorption factor is obtained. Mutiple adsorption factor is used to analyze the experiment results. The Mass transfer property of alkali, surfactant and polymer during single fooding and ASP flooding and the effect on interfacial tension of oil/solution are discussed. The results show the diffrence of hesteris degree of alkali, surfactant and polymer deduce the chromatography separation, lowing the active of ASP flooding. Accoding to interfacial tension, the efficent length of ASP slug is discussed.
Kinetic Analysis on SiC Prepared by Carbothermic Method
Authors: Hao Bin , Liu Jin Qiang , Wang Fu
Published: July 2012

Kinetic analysis of silicon carbide prepared by carbon-thermal reduction is introduced in this paper. Through the dynamic analysis, kinetic parameters of Si-C are calculated, and it is estimated that the time required reaction materials of different diameter completely converted to SiC at different temperatures. Reaction time is nearly 1 hour long when the reaction particle diameter is 1μm around 1900K.
Experimental Study on Thermal Diffusivity of Intumescent Fire-Retardant Materials
Authors: Zhang Feng , Wang Yong , Jin Yang , Zhang Jun
Published: July 2012

Thermal properties of intumescent fire-retardant materials are important parameters as input data in modeling combustion behavior of these materials in fire. However, Data regarding thermal properties especially thermal diffusivity of these composites are sparse. In this paper, intumescent fire-retardant polypropylene (IFR-PP) and char formed after the combustion of IFR-PP materials by the cone calorimeter at heat flux level of 50 kW/m2 are studied to obtain the thermal diffusivity data of them. Study results show the value of thermal diffusivity for IFR-PP tends to decrease when the temperature increase especially in higher temperatures. Thermal diffusivity of char formed after the combustion of IFR-PP material decreases gradually with the rise of temperature. Thermal diffusivity value measured at room temperature could not be used as input parameters in a combustion model when it is established to simulate the burning behavior of IFR-PP composites in fire.
Kinetic Study of CO2 Gasification of Coal Chars
Authors: Zhao Li Hong , Chu Xi Jie , Cheng Shao Juan
Published: July 2012

The CO2 gasification of three coal chars were investigated for determining the gasification reactivity and the kinetic parameters. Experiments were conducted in a fluidized-bed reactor at temperature of 1173 k, 1273 k and 1373 k at atmospheric pressure. Gasification kinetic parameters of the samples were determined using Homogeneous model and shrinking-core model. It is found that the gasification reaction under chemical-reaction-rate control, the gasification reactivity of coal char are strongly dependent on the rank of coals and gasification temperature. Both models could describe CO2 gasification equally well, these kinetic values are comparable with the reported in the literature for the other chars under chemical control conditions.
Kinetics of the Formation of Carbonyl Sulfide in γ-FeOOH Desulfurization at Ambient Temperature
Authors: Zhang Qiao Fen , Ju Shang Guan , Xue Fei , Dong Xian Bin , Zhao Yan Peng , Fan Hui Ling
Published: July 2012

Due to high in desulfurization activity, big in sulfur capacity and easy in regeneration, iron oxide desulfurization sorbents have been used to remove hydrogen sulfide derived from coal gas at normal temperature. At the same time the removing H2S from coal gas containing CO can generate COS, which is more difficult to removal than H2S. γ-FeOOH desulfurization sorbent was prepared by the fast oxidizing method. Kinetics study of COS formation in γ-FeOOH desulfurization was performed under 40-80°C，the CO+H2S+N2mixtures and over a residence time of 0.04~0.09s. LevenbergMarquardt and lsqcurvefit methods in MATLAB are used for the regression of experimental data. The established kinetics model of COS formation is described by the following: rCOS=8.9990*104exp(-22540/RT)PCOPH2S. The recognition of mechanism model reveals that Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism can perfectly fit with this reaction system.
Thermal Analysis of Plastic Contained Decorative Materials under Different Oxygen Concentration
Authors: Zhao Zhen , Liu Feng , Zhang Qiang , Wang Lei
Published: July 2012

The combustion characteristics of decorative materials were studied by thermal analysis. The experiments were performed in three kind of oxygen concentration (7%, 14%, 21%), the heating rate were 15°C/min and 30°C/min respectively. The ignition point and maximum weight loss rated were analyzed. Based on the Coats-Redfern integral method, the results show that the combustion process were first order reaction.
Research on Heat Transfer Properties and Insulation Mechanism of FHP-Vc Inorganic Composite Silicate Insulation Board
Authors: Zeng Ling , Shao Yan , Zuo Hui , Li Jia Hua
Published: July 2012

The paper introduced the basic performance and thermal insulation mechanism of a new building thermal insulation material—FHP-Vc inorganic composite silicate heat-insulating board which is used as the thermal insulation material for exterior wall. Based on the experiments and analysis of the heat transfer performance of FHP-Vc board, it has been found that the thermal performance of FHP-Vc board meets the current design standard of building energy efficiency. At the same time, it is a new building energy-saving material which has good insulation, non-burning, reliable and economical properties.
First-Principles Investigations on Electronic, Elastic and Thermodynamic Properties of VN under High Pressure
Authors: Hao Ai Min , Yang Xiao Cui , Zhang Li Xin , Zhang Qi Zhou
Published: July 2012

An investigation on electronic, elastic and thermodynamic properties of VN under high pressure has been conducted using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) with the plane wave basis set as implemented in the CASTEP code. At elevated pressures VN is predicted to undergo a structural phase transition from the relatively open NaCl-type structure into the denser CsCl-type atomic arrangement. The predicted transition pressure is 189 GPa. The elastic constants, Debye temperature as a function of pressure and temperature of VN are presented.
Interatomic Potential and Thermodynamic Property of Diatomic Uranium
Authors: Zeng Xiu Lin , Ju Xue Hai , Xu Si Yu
Published: July 2012

Potential energy scan for U2 was performed by density functional theory (DFT) method at the B3LYP level in combination with the (ECP80MWB_AVQZ + 2f) basis set. The dissociation energy of U2, after being corrected for the zero-point vibrational energy, is 2.482 eV, which is in good agreement with the experiment. The calculated energy was fit to the typical potential functions of Morse, Lennard-Jones (L-J) and Rydberg. Both the Morse and Rydberg functions are good representatives of the potentials, but the Lennard-Jones function is not. The anharmonicity constant is very small. The anharmonic frequency is 113.99 cm–1. Thermodynamic properties of entropy and heat capacity at 298.2 K – 1500 K were calculated by using DFT-B3LYP computational results and Morse parameters, respectively. The relationship between entropy and temperature was established.
Nano-ZnO Photocatalytic Kinetics Based on Photo-Layer Model
Authors: Xu Hang , Li Min Yue
Published: July 2012

Nano-ZnO powders were prepared through gel-sol method with zinc acetate and lithium hydroxide as crude material. Nano-ZnO, as photo-catalyst, was used to decompose Methylene Blue at air lift circulating reactor and Photo-Layer model to describe photocatalytic kinetics. The results show that nano-ZnO has a integrate crystal and its size is 6.6nm with the best photocatalytic performance, when calcined at 350oC. The best ZnO dosage is 0.1g/L with 97% Methylene Blue removal after 30min. The photocatalytic process was the control step in chemical reaction. The •OH concentration inside the photo-layer in different reaction condition were calculated according to Photo-Layer model.
Theory Study and Application on Emulsion Performance for Cold Rolling
Authors: Wu Kun Kui , Xu Jun , Zhang Zhi Qiang , Xu Gui Ying
Published: July 2012

Based on the performance requirements of product in cold rolling, stability, saponification and pH value influence on quality of emulsion was analyzed. The quality indexes of emulsion were established in characteristic of lubricating and cooling system on cold tandem mills. The experiment studied ratio of rolling oil for cold rolling with formula calculating and experimental determination of application. After optimization of long-term effecting observed, it can ultimately determine the efficiency of emulsion with excellent ingredient and performance parameters. It would lay solid foundation for the production of high quality cold rolling strip.
Detection of the Content of Ultra-Low Sulphur in Stainless Steel with Ultra-High Strength
Authors: Wei Jian Huan , Zhen Jie Ming , Yang Sheng Jie
Published: July 2012

A new method of detecting the content of ultra-low sulphur in stainless steel with ultra-high strength is founded in the article by using of infrared carbon-sulphur detector. The tests are choice experiments controlled by relevant factors such as combustion conditions and blank test. And the result of the detection is accurate and practical.
Design and Implementation of Experimental System for Comprehensive Utilization of Oil Shale
Authors: Sun Bao Min , Wang Gong , Miao Yu , Li Shao Hua
Published: July 2012

The single model of oil shale development, which is, burning in boiler for power generation and distillation for shale oil, may cause enormous waste of oil-gas resources and semi-coke. For energy conservation and efficiency improvement, it is necessary to realize the comprehensive utilization of oil shale. The development of experimental system is foundation of further studying. In the paper, an experimental system for comprehensive utilization of oil shale is designed and realized. These includes: spouted bed combustor and shale ash collection system, oil shale retort with solid heat carrier and shale oil recovery system. With the system, the realistic simulation under different condition such as different kinds of oil shale, operation condition can be studied. This work lays an experimental foundation for the further study of comprehensive utilization of oil shale.
Research on Prediction System of Spontaneous Combustion in Coal Mine Goaf Based on Multi-Sensor Fusion Technology
Authors: Wan Xiang Yun , Yang Hao
Published: July 2012

The spontaneous combustion in coal mine goaf badly influences the underground safe work and regular production, which has become one of the major disasters that get much attention and need to be controlled. This paper analyzes the causes of spontaneous combustion and the relationship between the significant gas and temperature, the degree of spontaneous combustion, and coal category to monitor the composition and concentration of the significant gas of the spontaneous combustion in coal mine goaf and graphically visualize the change trend in a certain period. At the same time, when the composition and concentration of the significant gas approach the spontaneous combustion point, the system can make a sound-light alarm. The system not only provides robust technical support for the prediction of the spontaneous combustion in goaf, but also gives some reference for the prevention of underground spontaneous combustion in coal industry.
Control of Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Using Artificial Neural Networks Based Predictive Control
Authors: Prabhaker Reddy Ginuga , Radhika G. , Anil K
Published: July 2012

In this work, a Neural network based predictive controller is analyzed to a non linear continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) carrying out series and parallel reactions: A→B→C and 2A→D. In the first step, the neural network model of continuous stirred tank reactor is obtained by Levenburg- Marquard training. The data for the training the network is generated using state space model of continuous stirred tank reactor. The neural network model of continuous stirred tank reactor is used in model predictive controller design. The performance of present neural network based model predictive controller (NNMPC) is evaluated through simulations for servo & regulatory problems of CSTR. The performance of neural network based predictive controller is found to be superior than conventional PI controller for setpoint tracking problems.
Study on the Kaolin Fine Tailings Refined Bleached Process
Authors: Liu Chun Hua , Liu Zhi Hua , Xia Chang Bin
Published: July 2012

Kaolin is a mineral composition of water cut aluminum silicate collection of words, used widely. But since most kaolin contain quality score 0.5% ~ 3% of iron oxide or hydrogen ferric oxide, restricted its use. With reduction and complexation method to kaolin bleach, which can effectively reduce the content of iron in the clay. The low pH in with organic acid(citric acid, acid, oxalic acid, also sugar) refined bleached high content of coal kaolin ferric oxide. The results show that, citric acid and also the sugar acid in iron effect is poor, does not meet the industrialized production, oxalic acid can remove kaolin can dip in iron, when pH lower than 1.2, the temperature of 80 °C on the bleaching, white degree of more than 80%, to adapt to the industrial application of coal kaolin basic conditions. At the same time, because of the difference of shading minerals, different sources of kaolin bleaching and the white degree stability condition is different, the actual production of should according to the specific of the sources, after the test to be sure.
Synthesis of Ethyl Acetate Using Packing Solid Super Acid Catalyst of SO42-/Al2O3 by Catalytic Distillation
Authors: Sun Guo Fu , Xu Jing Li , Si Hong Yan
Published: July 2012

Ethyl acetate was synthesized by catalytic distillation using packing solid super acid catalyst of SO42-/Al2O3made by oneself. The effects of process parameters such as the ratio between acetic acid and ethanol, the feed flow rate of ethanol and reflux ratio on catalytic distillation were observed. The best operation parameters were determined. It was beneficial for synthesis of ethyl acetate when n(acetic acid)/n(ethanol) was 1/3, the feed flow rate of ethanol was 3mol/l and reflux ratio was 2.
Investigation on Laminar Flow Field Performances in a Dual-Impeller Stirred Tank
Authors: Luan De Yu , Zhou Shen Jie , Chen Song Ying
Published: July 2012

Abstract: The 3D flow field generated by a dual-impeller in the agitation of glycerin fluid was simulated using the commercial CFD package. The flow was modeled as laminar and a multiple reference frame (MRF) approach was used to solve the discretized equations of motion. The velocity profiles with a dual-impeller rotating at constant speed of 200r/min and at different layer clearances were obtained. By analysis to their axial and radial velocity vector plots and velocity distribution curves, it is found that the velocity distributions of the dual 6-bladed radial disc turbines (2-6DT) are better when the clearance is bigger or equal to the T/2, accompanied with the flow field pattern of parallel flow. Moreover，when the clearance is smaller or equal to the T/3, there are more advantages for 6-bladed radial disc turbines + pitch 4-bladed turbines (6DT+PTB) than other combinations，followed by the flow field pattern of connected flow.
Tests on a New Vibration Isolation Module
Authors: Ma Zhao Xia , Xie Wei Ping , Yan Guang Cai , He Wei
Published: July 2012

This paper proposes a new isolation module, which is composed of double-layer tubular structures and the middle filling material. The hoop vibration isolation module is set somewhere out of pier footings of the footbridge, which presents some advantages such as good reliability, convenient construction, limited occupation areas, little damage to the environment and low cost. The energy of the vibration wave is confined at the most degree outside of the bridge pier, which reduces the vibration of beams and piers of footbridge. The present work gives an account of the experimental investigation on mitigation effects of the new vibration isolation module. The horizontal and vertical accelerations at test points under various working conditions were presented in this paper. Vibration levels were calculated to analyze the regularity of vibration attenuation, compared with no measures of vibration isolation. The results can provide some basic data for the mitigation of environment vibration arising from traffic loads.
Factors Affecting Performance of Job’s Tears Shelling Unit
Authors: Yangyuen Suphan , Wiriyaumpaiwong Songchai
Published: July 2012

The objective of this research was to study the effects of types of drum, clearances (CR) and drum speeds on performance of job’s tears shelling unit. The types of drum were peg tooth and rasp bar with an open shelling drum. Clearances of 10, 15 and 20 mm were tested with the drum speeds of 350, 400, 450 and 500 rpm. The results found that the rasp bar drum with 10 mm of clearance and 400 rpm of drum speed were suitable condition for shelling with capacity of 12.98 kg/h and efficiency of 99.76 % which provided 71.65% of whole and small damage kernels (% FK + % KQ).
Study on Centering Technology of Two Large-Scale Rotating Machinery Coupling Shaft Axis
Authors: Li Qin , Li Fu Bao , Li Zhong Ke
Published: July 2012

This paper studies the centering accuracy of two large-scale rotating machinery coupling shaft. Laser LD and position sensitive sensors PSD are used to measure and adjust the centering of two shaft coupling, through the analysis of LD-double-PSD-angle prism, LD-double-PSD-plane mirror of the double LD-double-PSD, dual-LD-double PSD centering program, it established a double LD-double -PSD system mathematical model, and the computer simulations to get good results. Based on the theoretical results, the two axes large-scale rotating machinery LD-link LD-double-PSD centering system has been studied and designed.
Mechanics Parameters Back Analysis of Casing Deformation
Authors: Zhai Xiao Peng , Lou Yi Shan , He Bao Sheng
Published: July 2012

A new method is proposed which use optimization modules of finite element established by Ansys Parametric Design Language program to inverse rock mechanics parameters of surrounding rock with the logging data of casing deformation. Therefore the rock mechanics parameters of surrounding rock can be obtained by this back-analysis method based on the elastoplastic deformation analysis of casing. The relation among angle of internal friction, cohesion, maximum horizontal principal stress and minimum horizontal principal stress which can be determined by Mohr-Coulomb failure theory is applied to back-analysis. The new approach is presented to solve the uniqueness of mechanics parameters. The method makes it possible to inverse rock mechanics parameters in the formation where the data of rock mechanics parameters measured are scarce and is more efficient than the traditional method
Research on Thin-Walled Bearing Ferrules’ Intermediate Frequency Electromagnetic Destressing Procedure
Authors: Qiu Wang Biao , Chen Wei Xing , Chen Qing Wei
Published: July 2012

Through orthogonal experiment scheme, this paper found the main factors influence on the effect of intermediate frequency electromagnetic pulse destressing, got a better intermediate frequency electromagnetic pulse destressing process parameters, put the optimized process into in the production practice, gained a good effect.
Study on Hydrated Operation Performance of Wave Rotor Refrigerators
Authors: Dai Yu Qiang , Liu Feng Xia , Zou Jiu Peng , Wu Jin Tao , Zhu Che , Liu Xue Wu , Zhang Li Ming , Hu Da Peng
Published: July 2012

Because of bilateral pulse tubes, wave rotor refrigerators (WRRs) have excellent fluidic operation performance. In this work, a WRR experimental rig with throughput of 3×104Nm3/d and expansion ratio 3 for hydrated gases has been built. A number of experiments show that the temperature of low pressure port of WRR has little influence on refrigeration efficiency. This makes possible of maintaining excellent refrigeration efficiency when WRR operating with high-liquid gases. Actual liquid experiments do show the excellent fluidic operation performance: the refrigeration performance remains almost unchanged even if WWR operates with 13.7 %( w) liquid ratio.
Research of Calculation Models for Exhaust Enthalpy of Steam Turbine
Authors: Ma Yong Guang , Ran Ning , Zheng Bing
Published: July 2012

For the low pressure (LP) cylinder of a steam turbine, computation of the exhaust enthalpy is an important part in thermal power generating unit performance monitoring. A new online model for calculating the exhaust enthalpy was proposed aiming at the limitation of existing online calculation model for calculating the enthalpy of steam turbine LP cylinder exhaust steam. This model treats LP cylinder, condenser and corresponding heater as an open system, according to the energy balance equation of this open system, figuring out its exhaust enthalpy. Calculation results of typical steam turbine show that: in a large load change range, the results are close to thermal experimental value, the accuracy is similar to energy balance method.
An Efficient Process for the Synthesis of N,N′-Diphenylpiperazine and its Formylation
Authors: Kong Xiang Wen , Liu Xiao Pu , Zhou En Tao , Zhang Jing
Published: July 2012

An efficient process has been developed for the synthesis of N,N′-Diphenylpiperazine and its formyl derivative. N,N′-Diphenylpiperazine was prepared from aniline with tris(2-chloro ethyl)phosphate as an excellent alkylating reagent at a high yield (90.86%), which gave N,N′- bis(p-formylphenyl) piperazine by Vilsmeier-Haack reaction in a good yield of 86.70%. Particularly, the purity of products and the reaction progress were monitored by simple and reliable thin-layer chromatography (TLC) methods on glass-backed GF254 silica gel plate. The structure of all the products was confirmed by their melting points, spectral data (IR, 1H-NMR).
Grand Canonical Monte Carlo Simulations of Olefins Adsorption in Zeolite ZSM-5
Authors: Ding Xue , Liu Fu Yu , Yang Chao He
Published: July 2012

The adsorption behavior of ethylene and propylene in zeolite ZSM-5 was studied by Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations. It is found that ethylene and propylene molecules show different adsorption behaviors in the zeolite cavum. The adsorption isotherms of ethylene and propylene in ZSM-5 at 298K and 823K were simulated. The results exhibit that the molecular adsorption is influenced at various temperatures and pressures, leading to different rules for the adsorption of ethylene and propylene molecules in zeolite. At low temperature, when the pressure is enhanced from 100kpa to 1000 kpa, the adsorption amounts of olefin molecule increase obviously and the loading of ethylene are significantly larger than those of propylene. The adsorption of propylene has a preferential adsorption site in cross position, and nearly reaches saturation at pressure higher than 300kPa. While at 823K the adsorption of ethylene is inhibited with lower loading than those of propylene.
The Analysis of Lubrication for HPD Diesel Engine Piston Pin Bearing
Authors: Zhang Jun Yan , Han Shu Kui
Published: July 2012

Based on the unified Reynolds equation model and fast Fourier transform (FFT) method, the lubrication performance of the piston pin bearing for high power density diesel engine was studied by numerical simulation. First of all, through the coupled solving of a unified Reynolds equation and elastic deformation equation, the orbit of journal center for piston pin bearing is investigated. The eccentricity ratio of the piston pin bearing in vertical direction of the piston stroke is smaller, however it is much larger in the downward direction of the piston stroke, which indicate that the below area of the piston pin bearing bears greater load and occurs larger deformation. This is consistent with the reality that the below area of the piston pin bearing is prone to damage and wear. Secondly, the influence of the different bearing clearances and width on the minimum oil film thickness is discussed, The results show that the minimum oil film thickness is increased, while the width of piston pin bearing is increased or the clearance of piston pin bearing is decreased.
Experimental Study on the Drying Performance of the High Temperature Heat Pump Dryer
Authors: Zhu Xing Wang , Hu Chun Xia , Guo Zhi Min , Su Yu Gui
Published: July 2012

In this paper，a high temperature heat-pump dryer and a corresponding semi-enclosed test drying room for using the dryer are built up respectively. While the average dry bulb of the external environment is 25°C and the relative humidity is 55%, the performance of the dryer is obtained when the dryer is running continuously for five hours. The results show that: the electromagnetic valve-capillary institution has an obvious effect on the lower the dryer exhaust temperature. It makes the suction temperature of compressor dropped 10 °C~15 °C, which can reduce the exhaust temperature and prevent compressor’s overheating. When the exhaust temperature keep at 100~110 °C, it can not only guarantee the temperature of wind coming from the dryer is high, but also can make sure the drying system’s long-term stable operation.
Synthesis and Effects of Modified Fiber on Paper Performance
Authors: Wang Jian , Yu Li Fang , Wang Xiao Long
Published: July 2012

Different fiber materials were modified and the effects of modified fiber on paper performance were evaluated. It’s shown that the strength of paper can be promoted by modified fiber. When the mixing ratio of modified NBKP fiber was 5%, the tensile index was increased from 38.28 N•m/g to 47.21 N•m/g. When the addition ratio of modified HYP fiber was 1.5%, the internal bond strength of paper was increased from 49.41 J/ m2 to 55.30 J/ m2, and the tensile index was increased by 48.06%. When the addition ratio of modified fiber of sawdust was 1.5% and mixed with OCC, the tensile index of paper was increased from 18.89N•m/g to 27.55N•m/g, and the ring crush index was increased by 13.99%.
Copolymerization Modification Process of OCC Fibers Grafted by Hexanelactam and Characterization of the Grafted Products
Authors: Xiu Hui Juan , Han Qing , Wang Li Jun , Zhou Lei
Published: July 2012

The grafting copolymerization modification of OCC fibers with hexanelactam using potassium persulphate-sodium bisulfite as initiator under alkaline medium was discussed in this paper. The optimum process parameters of the grafting reaction were followed: the ratio of modifier dosage to fiber was 0.5, the ratio of initiator dosage to fiber was 0.08, the ratio of potassium persulphate to sodium bisulfite was 5:4, the reaction time was 2.5h, the reaction temperature was 60°C, The maximum graft ratio and the mechanical properties of handsheet could be obtained at the optimum process conditions. Finally, the structures of the grafted products were characterized by means of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
A Determining Method of Paper Fiber Density and Equivalent Diameter
Authors: Zeng Jin Song , Shi Xian Cheng , Chen Ke Fu , Feng Yu Cheng
Published: July 2012

It is very important to measure paper fiber density and equivalent diameter for pulp suspension as solid-liquid two-phase flow in fluid dynamics study. There are some kinds of ways to measure fiber density，but not be suit for pulp fiber density because of their limitations. By using kajaaniFS300 fiber analyzer provided by Mesto ltd company to compare and measure all kinds of fiber length, fiber coarseness, weight average fiber length can more accurately show the actual length of fiber. The results shows that it is apparently more appropriate to calculate fiber density by using fiber coarseness, weight-average fiber length and weight-average fiber width, and fiber equivalent diameter should also be calculated according to the same weight-average fiber length and weight-average fiber width.
Effects of Light Stabilizer on the Mechanical Properties of Poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole Fibers under Sunlight Irradiation
Authors: Jin Jun Hong , Yang Sheng Lin , Li Guang , Jiang Jian Ming
Published: July 2012

In this work, light aging resistant PBO fiber containing light stabilizer (OB-1) was prepared via in-situ polymerization and dry-jet wet-spinning process. The mechanical properties of the fibers under sunlight radiation were investigated by tensile testing. PBO fiber is sensitive to both UV light and sunlight, and undergoes severe degradation under light exposure. After exposed to sunlight and sunlight sealed from humidity for 318h the strength retention is only 25.39% and 33.08%, respectively. The light stability of PBO can be enhanced with only a small amount (0.05-0.2%) of addition of OB-1. Under the same conditions the strength retention of 0.2%OB-1/PBO fiber is 55.52% and 64.84%, which is 119% and 96% higher than that of PBO fiber.
Preparation of Cellulose Fiber/Cationic Guar Gum Composites by Wet-Hot Pressure Technology
Authors: Han Wen Jia , Zhao Chuan Shan , Chen Kefu , Yang Ren Dang
Published: July 2012

In this study, the high density 900kg/m3 biodegradable cellulose fiber composites have been successfully manufacture from treated cellulose fiber by wet-hot pressure technology. The cellulose fiber was treated with cationic guar gum(CGG) by the process of adsorption. It was found that the composite made from treated cellulose fibers have better mechanical properties such as the tensile properties and stiffness. Chemical groups of samples were studied through the use of FTIR spectroscopy.
The Application of Sepiolite in Aluminium Silicate Fiber Paper
Authors: Wang Sha , Zhao Chuan Shan , Wang Dai Qi , Han Wen Jia
Published: July 2012

Sepiolite has good adsorptivity due to their high surface area and structural channels. During the process of making aluminium silicate fiber paper, inorganic binders retaintion was little because of the smooth surface of aluminium silicate fibers. In this study, sepiolite was used to improve tensile strength of the sheet by increasing inorganic binders retaintion rate through its high adsorptivity. The effect of sepiolite on the tensile strength of alimunium silicate fiber paper was investigated. The results showed that the best mass ratio of aluminium silicate fibers to spiolite was 7:3. Under this condition, the tensile strength of the sheet was 4.79 N•m/g, which increased by 24.2% from the one without sepiolite.
Effect of Different Sub-Fractions P-RC APMP Fines on Co-Flocculation Process of Fines-Calcium Carbonate
Authors: Lin Tao , Song Jian Wei , Yin Xue Feng , Wang Zhi Jie
Published: July 2012

Poplar P-RC APMP was chosen as raw materials for fines generation and collecting, and then the P-RC APMP fines and calcium carbonate were co-flocculated before they were added into fiber fraction to make fine paper. Effect of different sub-fractions P-RC APMP fines and dosage of fines to make fine paper were studied. The result showed that, with the increasing of different sub-fractions fines dosage, the whiteness of paper increased first then decreased. For 200-mesh fines, 300-mesh fines, 400-mesh fines, the highest whiteness are obtained at 10%, 15%, 10% dosage respectively. Adding fines has positive effect on strength properties of paper. With the increasing of fines dosage, the strength properties of paper increased. Besides, the order of paper whiteness and strength is 400-mesh >300-mesh >200-mesh when using the dosage is same.
A New Dynamic Measuring Method of Young Modulus Based on Magnetics Coupling and Double Raster
Authors: Li Zhu Feng , Xu Xiu Ping , Li Yang , Chen Liang Xiao , Zhang Yang Dong
Published: July 2012

In this article, a new dynamic measuring method of young modulus based on magnetics coupling and double raster has been thoroughly given. The test sampie has been thoroughly free oscillated so as to decreasing systematic error of normal experiment principle , by Electromagnetic energy uncontract coupling sample shake and by use of laser light beating to measuring micro shake. the schematic diagram and the measureing method of light beating micro shake has been given, so are computational formula of young modulus, experiment results, error analysis and results.
Mechanical Property Test Study on Fibre-Reinforced Sandwich Core Board
Authors: Xing Huai Nian , Zhang Xiao Peng , Liu Zeng Li , Jin Li Qiang
Published: July 2012

Some tests including tensile test, bending test and shear test have been done to fibre-reinforced sandwich core boards which are ready applied to high speed train. Fibre laying craftwork is introduced in the paper and the test results show that the uniformity of fibre laying craftwork is good. The laying fibres have effective enhanced axial strength and modulus of fibre-reinforced sandwich core board. The reinforce influence degree to modulus is greater than strength.
Reasearches Regarding the Measurements of the Dissolved Concentration in Water
Authors: Pătulea Alexandru , Căluşaru Ionela Mihaela , Băran Nicolae
Published: July 2012

The paper aims to present a procedure of measuring concentration of oxygen dissolved in water; this procedure is based on the electrochemical method. The differential equation of the transfer speed of the oxygen towards water is numerically integrated and theoretical results are presented. A setup used for experimental researches regarding water oxygenation was subsequently developed; measurements regarding the increase of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water were performed. Theoretical and experimental results were compared.
The Effects of Doping Micro Palladium on the Structure and Performance of TiO2 Powder
Authors: Liu Xiu Hua , Meng Dan , Wang He Yi , Deng Yi , Deng Bing , Tian Jun Hua
Published: July 2012

The Pd-doped TiO2 powder was prepared by the sol-gel method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results show that palladium exists as PdO and that the PdO crystal forms in the Pd/TiO2 powder calcined at 973 K. When the Pd/TiO2 powder is calcined at a temperature between 573K and 973 K, TiO2 mainly exists in the anatase structure, and the average diameters of the anatase TiO2 and PdO particles are less than 45 nm. The crystal lattice constant a decreases while c increases with the increasing of the calcination temperature. Compared with the pure TiO2 powder prepared under the same conditions, the phase transformation temperature from the anatase structure to the rutile structure for TiO2 in the Pd/TiO2 powder increases, the excitation wavelength of Pd/TiO2 powder is broadened to the visible light region and the visible photocatalytic activity increases obviously.