bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A retarding field thermal probe for combined plasma diagnostics
Authors: Schlichting Felix , Kersten Holger
Published: November 2023

The wide variety and ever-growing applications of plasma processes in research and industry require an equally growing diversity and accessibility of suitable plasma diagnostics. The plasma parameters and the tailoring thereof strongly influence the outcome of thin film deposition, plasma etching, or surface treatments, to name only a few. To further enhance the determination of different fluxes of species, their energies, and behaviour influencing a surface process, a custom-built combination of two commonly used diagnostics was developed. With a retarding field energy analyzer, one can obtain the ion energy distribution in a plasma by measuring the current at the collector depending on the applied voltage at the scan grid. A passive thermal probe determines the energy flux density coming from a process plasma by measuring the temperature change of a dummy substrate. In this study, we present a retarding field energy analyzer where a passive thermal probe substitutes the collector. By doing so, we can determine the energy distribution of the charged ions, their energy flux density at a certain potential, and the power deposited onto a substrate. Another advantage is that the thermal probe can even measure the power deposited by incoming (fast) neutrals and of the background gas when the grids keep away the ions. Hence, combining these two powerful diagnostics yields information neither can deliver on their own. The probe has been tested in three different plasma environments: ion beam source, magnetron sputtering and radio frequency discharge plasma.
Performance studies of jet flavor tagging and measurement of Rb(Rc) using ParticleNet at CEPC
Authors: Liao Libo , Wang Shudong , Li Gang , Zhang Zhaoling , Song Weimin
Published: November 2023

Jet flavor tagging plays a crucial role in the measurement of relative partial decay widths of [Formula: see text] boson, denoted as [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text]), which is considered as a fundamental test of the Standard Model and sensitive probe to new physics. In this study, a Deep Learning algorithm, ParticleNet, is employed to enhance the performance of jet flavor tagging. The combined efficiency and purity of [Formula: see text]-tagging is improved by more than 50% compared to the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) baseline software. In order to measure [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text]) with this new flavor tagging approach, we have adopted the double-tagging method. The precision of [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text]) is improved significantly, in particular to [Formula: see text], which has seen a reduction in statistical uncertainty by 40%.
Cosmic dynamics of isotropic models with inhomogeneous EoS: A dynamical system perspective
Authors: Singh Ashutosh , Shukla Anjani Kumar , Krishnannair Syamala
Published: November 2023

We examine the homogeneous and isotropic models sourced by the fluid having an inhomogenous equation of state (EoS) using qualitative methods. The flat Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) model explains the accelerating universe expansion of the present era having past of decelerating era dominated by radiation and matter. The open FLRW model incorporates the radiation, matter and dark energy dominated era in order with the spatial curvature playing role just before the accelerated universe evolution. The dominating behaviors of radiation, matter and spatial curvature affect the evolution trajectories of the deceleration and effective EoS parameter, which are obtained by the numerical solutions of autonomous system. The model parameters affect the nature of dark energy and therefore the EoS parameter may also lie in the quintessence or phantom regions. The closed FLRW model having constant positive curvature may yield the bouncing and turnaround universe evolution with dark energy-dominated phase at late-times. The application of statefinder diagnostic in the cosmological dynamical systems highlights that the universe may approach the [Formula: see text] cold dark matter ([Formula: see text]CDM) universe as a particular case in the future.
Adiabatic expansion, local equilibrium and extended Maxwell distribution for fire-ball to describe multiple particle production (II)
Authors: Ohsawa Akinori
Published: November 2023

The model of multiple particle production in [A. Ohsawa, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A (2023) 2350166.] assumes a fire-ball of a gas, consisting of grains, with the adiabatic and one-dimensional expansion, local equilibrium at the final state and the extended Maxwell distribution for the energy distribution of the grains. There are small and large [Formula: see text] (transverse momentum) processes for grains. The grain produces several hadrons to be observed in the experiments at the final state. The model describes well the pseudo-rapidity density distributions and the [Formula: see text] distributions at various incident energies. In this paper it is shown that the model reproduces well the incident energy dependences of [Formula: see text] (the average [Formula: see text] of produced particles), [Formula: see text] (the charged multiplicity) and [Formula: see text] (the pseudo-rapidity density at [Formula: see text]). Furthermore it is shown that the inelasticity is almost energy-independent and [Formula: see text] in the energy region of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV, and that the Feynman scaling law is violated. The model indicates that the fire-ball satisfies the conditions for quark-gluon plasma, that the grains of the large [Formula: see text] process may be identified with jets, and that [Formula: see text]’s of the grains in the large [Formula: see text] process are due to mutual collision of the grains during the one-dimensional expansion.
DIGITAL INNOVATION: EXPLORING INTEGRATION AND TRANSITION MODES IN SCALING SUCCESS
Authors: LIMA VIVIAN MARCELINO S. , MENTION ANNE-LAURE , DĄBROWSKA JUSTYNA
Published: November 2023

Aiming at fostering digital innovation for value creation, incumbent firms have largely adopted dedicated and separated structures for innovation and new business creation. While these structures have been successful in enabling exploration, bringing digital innovations to scale remains a challenge. By employing a qualitative case study of an incumbent bank, with individual projects as the unit of analysis, this study investigates the practices and challenges of transitioning digital innovations developed in separate structures to operationalisation or commercialisation in the core of the organisation, a shift essential for enabling innovations to reach scale. Our key contribution is in presenting a dual business-technology transition-to-scale model defined by the intensity of integration and explaining how innovation managers deviate from this model by adopting coping actions aimed at overcoming innovation and organisational transition challenges. With this, we further highlight the challenges of managing an aligned dual business-technology transition in the context of an incumbent firm undergoing digital transformation.
Reducible normal generators for mapping class groups are abundant
Authors: Baik Hyungryul , Kim Dongryul M. , Wu Chenxi
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we study the normal generation of the mapping class group. We first show that a mapping class is a normal generator if its restriction on the invariant subsurface normally generates the (pure) mapping class group of the subsurface. As an application, we provided a criterion for reducible mapping classes to normally generate the mapping class groups in terms of its asymptotic translation lengths on Teichmüller spaces. This is an analogue to the work of Lanier–Margalit dealing with pseudo-Anosov normal generators.
Wide short geodesic loops on closed Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Rotman Regina
Published: November 2023

It is not known whether or not the length of the shortest periodic geodesic on a closed Riemannian manifold [Formula: see text] can be majorized by [Formula: see text], or [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the dimension of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] denotes the volume of [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] denotes its diameter. In this paper, we will prove that for each [Formula: see text] one can find such estimates for the length of a geodesic loop with angle between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with an explicit constant that depends both on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].

That is, let [Formula: see text], and let [Formula: see text]. We will prove that there exists a “wide” (i.e. with an angle that is wider than [Formula: see text]) geodesic loop on [Formula: see text] of length at most [Formula: see text]. We will also show that there exists a “wide” geodesic loop of length at most [Formula: see text]. Here [Formula: see text] is the Filling Radius of [Formula: see text].
Tomiyama’s K-commutative diagrams of minimal dynamical systems
Authors: Wei Sihan
Published: November 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be the Cantor space and [Formula: see text] be an even-dimensional sphere. By applying a result of the existence of minimal skew products, we show that, associated with any Cantor minimal system [Formula: see text], there is a class [Formula: see text] of minimal skew products on [Formula: see text], such that for any two rigid homeomorphisms [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the notions of approximate [Formula: see text]-conjugacy and [Formula: see text]-strongly approximate conjugacy coincide, which are also equivalent to a [Formula: see text]-version of Tomiyama’s commutative diagram. In fact, this is also the case if [Formula: see text] is replaced by any (infinite) connected finite CW-complex with torsion free [Formula: see text]-group, vanished [Formula: see text]-group and the so-called Lipschitz-minimal-property.
Maps from 3-manifolds to 4-manifolds that induce isomorphisms on π1
Authors: Sun Hongbin , Wang Zhongzi
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we prove that if a closed orientable [Formula: see text]-manifold [Formula: see text] admits a map [Formula: see text] to a closed orientable [Formula: see text]-manifold [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] induces an isomorphism on fundamental groups, then [Formula: see text] is homeomorphic to [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text]. Relevant results on higher dimensional manifolds are also obtained.
Real polynomials with constrained real divisors. I. Fundamental groups
Authors: Katz Gabriel , Shapiro Boris , Welker Volkmar
Published: November 2023

In the late 80s, V. Arnold and V. Vassiliev initiated the topological study of the space of real univariate polynomials of a given degree [Formula: see text] and with no real roots of multiplicity exceeding a given positive integer. Expanding their studies, we consider the spaces [Formula: see text] of real monic univariate polynomials of degree [Formula: see text] whose real divisors avoid sequences of root multiplicities, taken from a given poset [Formula: see text] of compositions which is closed under certain natural combinatorial operations. In this paper, we concentrate on the fundamental group of [Formula: see text] and of some related topological spaces. We find explicit presentations for the groups [Formula: see text] in terms of generators and relations and show that in a number of cases they are free with rank bounded from above by a quadratic function in [Formula: see text]. We also show that [Formula: see text] stabilizes for [Formula: see text] large. The mechanism that generates [Formula: see text] has similarities with the presentation of the braid group as the fundamental group of the space of complex monic degree [Formula: see text] polynomials with no multiple roots and with the presentation of the fundamental group of certain ordered configuration spaces over the reals which appear in the work of Khovanov. We further show that the groups [Formula: see text] admit an interpretation as special bordisms of immersions of one-manifolds into the cylinder [Formula: see text], whose images avoid the tangency patterns from [Formula: see text] with respect to the generators of the cylinder.
New examples in dimensions N ≥ 4 related to a question of J. W. Cannon and S. G. Wayment
Authors: Frolkina Olga
Published: November 2023

Solving R. J. Daverman’s problem, V. S. Krushkal described sticky Cantor sets in [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text]. Such sets cannot be isotoped off themselves by small ambient isotopies. Using Krushkal sets, we present a new series of wild embeddings related to a question of J. W. Cannon and S. G. Wayment (1970). Namely, for [Formula: see text], we construct examples of compacta [Formula: see text] with the following two properties: some sequence [Formula: see text] converges homeomorphically to [Formula: see text], but no uncountable family of pairwise disjoint sets [Formula: see text] exists such that each [Formula: see text] is ambiently homeomorphic to [Formula: see text].
Green Synthetic Approaches of Silver Nanoparticles Sustainable Biomedical Applications
Authors: Devi Kajal , Chakroborty Subhendu , Pal Kaushik , Yadav Tarun , Malviya Jitendra , Nath Nibedita , Pandey Fanindra Pati , Saxena Rakhi , Khatarkar Manohar , Abdullah M. M.
Published: November 2023

Due to their significant biomedical and industrial applications, nanotechnology and nanoparticles have gained significant interest in the modern era. Metal nanoparticles (NPs) have particular qualities that keep academics interested in learning more about their value. Among the several noble metal NPs, silver (Ag) has captured the public’s attention. Typically, dangerous chemicals that are bad for both human health and the environment are used to make AgNPs offering a promising and innovative alternative to conventionally synthesized NPs. This study focuses on the contemporary advancements in the production of environmentally friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their potential applications in the field of biomedicine.
A table tennis serve versus rally hit elicits differential hemispheric electrocortical power fluctuations
Authors: Studnicki Amanda , Seidler Rachael D. , Ferris Daniel P.
Published: November 2023

We found different spectral power fluctuations in the left and right sensorimotor cortices during table tennis serves, returns, and rallies. Our findings contribute to the basic science understanding of hemispheric specialization in a real-world context.
Spectral-temporal processing of naturalistic sounds in monkeys and humans
Authors: van der Willigen Robert F. , Versnel Huib , van Opstal A. John
Published: November 2023

We provide comparative data on primate audition of naturalistic sounds comprising hearing thresholds, reaction time distributions, and spectral-temporal modulation transfer functions. Our psychophysical experiments demonstrate that auditory information is primarily processed in a spectral-temporal-independent manner by both monkeys and humans. Singular value decomposition of known visual spatiotemporal contrast sensitivity, in comparison to our auditory spectral-temporal sensitivity, revealed a striking contrast in how the brain encodes natural sounds as opposed to natural images, as vision appears to be space-time inseparable.
Disruption of somatosensory cortex impairs motor learning and retention
Authors: Darainy Mohammad , Manning Timothy F. , Ostry David J.
Published: November 2023

This study uses noninvasive transcranial magnetic stimulation to test the contribution of somatosensory and motor cortex to human motor learning and retention. Continuous theta-burst stimulation is applied before learning; participants return 24 h later to assess retention. Disruption of the somatosensory cortex is found to impair both learning and retention, whereas disruption of the motor cortex has no effect on learning. The findings are consistent with the idea that motor learning is dependent upon learning-related plasticity in somatosensory cortex.
Revisiting a classical theory of sensory specificity: assessing consistency and stability of thermosensitive spots
Authors: Ezquerra-Romano Ivan , Clements Michael F. , di Costa Steven , Iannetti Gian Domenico , Haggard Patrick
Published: November 2023

Thermosensitive spots are clustered rather than randomly distributed and have the highest density near the wrist. Surprisingly, we found that thermosensitive spots elicit inconsistent sensory qualities and are unstable over time. Our results question the widely believed notion that thermosensitive spots reflect the location of individual thermoreceptive, unimodal primary afferents that serve as labelled lines for corresponding sensory qualities.
Inhibitory synaptic transmission is impaired in the Kölliker-Fuse of male, but not female, Rett syndrome mice
Authors: Whitaker-Fornek Jessica R. , Jenkins Paul M. , Levitt Erica S.
Published: November 2023

Kölliker-Fuse (KF) neurons in acute brain slices from male Rett syndrome (RTT) mice receive reduced inhibitory synaptic inputs compared with wild-type littermates. In female RTT mice, inhibitory transmission was not different in KF neurons compared with controls. The results from this study show that sex-specific alterations in synaptic transmission occur in the KF of RTT mice.
Volitional muscle activation intensifies neuronal processing of proprioceptive afference in the primary sensorimotor cortex: an EEG study
Authors: Giangrande Alessandra , Cerone Giacinto Luigi , Botter Alberto , Piitulainen Harri
Published: November 2023

The current study is the first to investigate the effect of volitional muscle activation on CKC-based assessment of cortical proprioception of the ankle joint. Results show that the motor efference intensifies the neuronal processing of proprioceptive afference of the ankle joint. This is a significant finding as it may extend the use of CKC method during active tasks to further evaluate the motor efference-proprioceptive afference relationship and the related adaptations to exercise, rehabilitation, and disease.
Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of a New Research Instrument for Measuring Collective Impact Based Cross-Sectoral Collaboration and Leadership: Oulu Collective Impact Study
Authors: Takalo Tuula , Laine Tapani , Hakko Helinä , Niemelä Mika , Räsänen Sami
Published: November 2023

Cross-sectoral collaboration is a widely used strategy in social and healthcare services. The main purpose of this way of working is to bring together organizations and their expertise to solve defined problems. A collective impact (CI)-based model is one of the promising approaches to create prerequisites for functional collaboration between different sectors. The CI-based cross-sectoral collaboration model has been implemented in the City of Oulu since the year 2019. During the implementation processes as well as underlined in the literature, the role of effective leadership has been highlighted as an essential prerequisite for the successful realization of CI-related work. Furthermore, the need for a research instrument to measure the realization of cross-sectoral collaboration including different CI-based domains and the effectiveness of leadership has been emphasized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a new research instrument developed for this purpose, named the Oulu cross-sectoral Collaboration and Leadership (OCL) scale. The OCL scale is based on the CI approach, with leadership as an additional domain. The psychometric properties of the OCL scale were evaluated for validity and reliability. Two-factor analyses with varimax rotation were performed to verify that the items included in each domain formed a homogeneous entity. The number of respondents in the online survey was 254, covering 37% of the target group of professionals. The Cronbach’s alpha of the seven domains ranged from 0.875 to 0.929, reflecting good to excellent internal consistency. The results of the factor analyses showed that the items in all the domains of this research instrument work together as a group in an appropriate manner, measuring the same object. Suggestions for further development of the instrument are also presented. The OCL scale proved to be a promising tool for research purposes and for assessing collaborative development work of public services. This also gives an opportunity to measure changes in cross-sectoral collaboration during the CI-based implementation process.
On Properties of Graded Rings with respect to Group Homomorphisms
Authors: Alshehry Azzh Saad , Abu-Dawwas Rashid , Al-Bashayreh Muhsen
Published: November 2023

Let G be a group and R be a G‐graded ring with non‐zero unity. The goal of our article is reconsidering some well‐known concepts on graded rings using a group homomorphism α : G⟶G. Next is to examine the new concepts compared to the known concepts. For example, it is known that (R, G) is weak if whenever g ∈ G such that Rg = 0, then . In this article, we also introduce the concept of α‐weakly graded rings, where (R, G) is said to be α‐weak whenever g ∈ G such that Rg = 0, and Rα(g) = 0. Note that if G is abelian, then the concepts of weakly and α‐weakly graded rings coincide with respect to the group homomorphism α(g) = g−1. We introduce an example of non‐weakly graded ring that is α‐weak for some α. Similarly, we establish and examine the concepts of α‐non‐degenerate, α‐regular, α‐strongly, α‐first strongly graded rings, and α‐weakly crossed product.
Fuzzy Set and Soft Set Theories as Tools for Vocal Risk Diagnosis
Authors: Sanabria José , Álvarez Marinela , Ferrer Osmin
Published: November 2023

New mathematical theories are being increasingly valued due to their versatility in the application of intelligent systems that allow decision-making and diagnosis in different real-world situations. This is especially relevant in the field of health sciences, where these theories have great potential to design effective solutions that improve people’s quality of life. In recent years, several prediction studies have been performed as indicators of vocal dysfunction. However, the rapid increase in new prediction studies as a result of advancing medical technology has dictated the need to develop reliable methods for the extraction of clinically meaningful knowledge, where complex and nonlinear interactions between these markers naturally exist. There is a growing need to focus the analysis not only on knowledge extraction but also on data transformation and treatment to enhance the quality of healthcare delivery. Mathematical tools such as fuzzy set theory and soft set theory have been successfully applied for data analysis in many real-life problems where there is presence of vagueness and uncertainty in the data. These theories contribute to improving data interpretability and dealing with the inherent uncertainty of real-world data, facilitating the decision-making process based on the available information. In this paper, we use soft set theory and fuzzy set theory to develop a prediction system based on knowledge from phonoaudiology. We use information such as patient age, fundamental frequency, and perturbation index to estimate the risk of voice loss in patients. Our goal is to help the speech-language pathologist in determining whether or not the patient requires intervention in the presence of a voice at risk or an altered voice result, taking into account that excessive and inappropriate voice behavior can result in organic manifestations.
Timing Matters: Effects of Early and Late Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Glucose Metabolism and Vascular Reactivity in Ovariectomized Aged Wistar Rats
Authors: Ramírez-Hernández Diana , López-Sánchez Pedro , Lezama-Martínez Diego , Kuyoc-Arroyo Neidy M. , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Jessica E. , Fonseca-Coronado Salvador , Valencia-Hernández Ignacio , Flores-Monroy Jazmin
Published: November 2023

Cardiovascular disease incidence increases after menopause due to the loss of estrogen cardioprotective effects. However, there are conflicting data regarding the timing of estrogen therapy (ERT) and its effect on vascular dysfunction associated with impaired glucose metabolism. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of early and late ERT on blood glucose/insulin balance and vascular reactivity in aged ovariectomized Wistar rats. Eighteen-month-old female Wistar rats were randomized as follows: (1) sham, (2) 10-week postovariectomy (10 w), (3) 10 w postovariectomy+early estradiol therapy (10 w-early E2), (4) 20-week postovariectomy (20 w), and (5) 20-week postovariectomy+late estradiol therapy (20 w-late E2). Early E2 was administered 3 days after ovariectomy and late therapy after 10 weeks, in both groups. 17 β-Estradiol (E2) was administered daily for 10 weeks (5  μg/kg/day). Concentration-response curves to angiotensin II, KCl, and acetylcholine (ACh) were performed. Heart rate (HR), diastolic and systolic blood pressure (DBP and SBP), glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and nitric oxide (NO) levels were determined. Higher glucose levels were found in all groups compared to the sham group, except the 20 w-late E2 group. Insulin was increased in all ovariectomized groups compared to sham. The HOMA-IR index showed insulin resistance in all ovariectomized groups, except for the 10 w-early E2 group. The 10 w-early E2 group increased NO levels vs. the 10 w group. After 10 w postovariectomy, the vascular response to KCl and Ach increases, despite early E2 administration. Early and late E2 treatment decreased vascular reactivity to Ang II. At 20-week postovariectomy, DBP increased, even with E2 administration, while SBP and HR remained unchanged. The effects of E2 therapy on blood glucose/insulin balance and vascular reactivity depend on the timing of therapy. Early ERT may provide some protective effects on insulin resistance and vascular function, whereas late ERT may not have the same benefits.
Increased Insulin Secretion and Glucose Effectiveness in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes following Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Visentin Roberto , Brodersen Katrine , Richelsen Bjørn , Møller Niels , Dalla Man Chiara , Pedersen Andreas Kristian , Abrahamsen Jan , Holst Jens Juul , Nielsen Michael Festersen
Published: November 2023

Background. β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance are the main mechanisms causing glucose intolerance in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Bariatric surgeries, i.e., sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), are procedures both known to induce weight loss, increase insulin action, and enhance β-cell function, but hepatic insulin extraction and glucose effectiveness may also play a role. Methods. To determine the contribution of these regulators on glucose tolerance after bariatric surgery, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed before and 2 months after surgery in 9 RYGB and 7 SG subjects. Eight healthy subjects served as metabolic controls. Plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, GLP-1, and GIP were measured during each OGTT. Insulin sensitivity and secretion, glucose effectiveness, and glucose rate of appearance were determined via oral minimal models. Results. RYGB and SG resulted in similar weight reductions (13%, RYGB (

p
<
0.01

); 14%, SG (

p
<
0.05

)). Two months after surgery, insulin secretion (

p
<
0.05

) and glucose effectiveness both improved equally in the two groups (11%, RYGB (

p
<
0.01

); 8%, SG (

p
>
0.05

)), whereas insulin sensitivity remained virtually unaltered. Bariatric surgery resulted in a comparable increase in the GLP-1 response during the OGTT, whereas GIP concentrations remained unaltered. Following surgery, oral glucose intake resulted in a comparable increase in hepatic insulin extraction, the response in both RYGB and SG patients significantly exceeding the response observed in the control subjects. Conclusions. These results demonstrate that the early improvement in glucose tolerance in obese T2D after RYGB and SG surgeries is attributable mainly to increased insulin secretion and glucose effectiveness, while insulin sensitivity seems to play only a minor role. This trial is registered with NCT02713555.
Curcumin Attenuates Ferroptosis and Ameliorates Erectile Function in Diabetic Rats by Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway
Authors: Jiang Yuehui , Xing Siyan , Ni Dawei , Yang Baibing , Kai Jun , Wang Tong , Yu Wen , Dai Yutian
Published: November 2023

Previous studies have shown that curcumin has a therapeutic effect on diabetic erectile dysfunction (ED), but the exact mechanism of action remains unclear. In order to ascertain the involvement of ferroptosis in diabetic ED and explore the underlying mechanism by which curcumin mitigates ferroptosis in penile endothelial cells under conditions of high-glucose stimulation, we conducted an investigation utilizing a rat model of diabetes induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection. The 40 male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: blank control, diabetes control, ferroptosis inhibitor treatment, and curcumin treatment. After 8 weeks, the erectile function of all rats was evaluated through electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve. Histological and molecular changes of the cavernous body were analyzed using western blot and immunohistochemistry. Penile endothelial cells were then treated with appropriate concentrations of high glucose and curcumin to explore the mechanism of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling in curcumin’s ability to alleviate ferroptosis in endothelial cells stimulated by high glucose. According to research, diabetic rats experience a decrease in erectile function, damaged endothelial cells, and ferroptosis in tissues. However, curcumin treatment has been shown to be effective in improving erectile function and related tissue and molecular changes in diabetic rats. Furthermore, in vitro experiments have confirmed that curcumin can inhibit the occurrence of ferroptosis in penile endothelial cells that are stimulated by high glucose through Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Curcumin has been found to improve the occurrence of penile ED in diabetic penile endothelial cells. This is achieved by inhibiting the level of ferroptosis, and the mechanism behind this improvement may be linked to the upregulation of the expression level of Nrf2/HO-1.
Growth Hormone Therapy for Small for Gestational Age Short Stature Develops Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Nomura Naohiro , Tanabe Yuko , Minami Miki , Takaya Junji , Kaneko Kazunari
Published: November 2023

Growth Hormone therapy has been shown to induce transient insulin resistance in children, and there is concern regarding the diabetogenic potential of GH therapy in children born small for gestational age (SGA). In this case, female patient born SGA with a weight of 2,750 g (−1.73 standard deviation (SD)) and length of 45.5 cm (−2.6 SD). The patient’s father and paternal grandfather were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. At 3 years of age, the patient presented with short stature; height and weight were 85 cm (−2.5 SD) and 13 kg (−0.19 SD), respectively. She was placed on GH therapy. At 11 years of age, her fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels were 116 mg/dL and 7.4%, respectively. Blood test results were negative for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase and anti-islet antigen-2 antibodies. The patient discontinued GH therapy and started diet therapy and oral metformin (500 mg/day) administration. Five months later, the hemoglobin A1c level was 5.3% and glycemic control further improved. To our knowledge, family history may be an important risk factor for GH-induced diabetes. So, the GH dosage for patients born SGA with family history of diabetes should be adjusted so as not to be too excessive, and long-term follow-up studies will be required to evaluate fully the effects of GH therapy for them.
Design of Broadband and Ultra-Wide-Angle Low-RCS Open-Ended Cavity Based on Phase Cancellation
Authors: He Qingting , Chen Haiyan , Liu Qian , Yao Xin , Li Fengxia , Liang Difei , Xie Jianliang , Deng Longjiang
Published: November 2023

In this paper, it is proposed to employ phase cancellation metasurface (PCM) to substantially reduce the RCS of an electrically large open-ended cavity (EOC) by scattering the energy to the nonthreatening region, achieving broadband and ultra-wide-angle RCS reduction of the cavity. The PCM, constituted by the collection of polarizing reflectors, is loaded on the inner and outer walls of the composed cavity structure in accordance with the orthogonality principle to obtain a low-RCS cavity. The main benefits of using the polarizing reflector to build a PCM are as follows: On the one hand, it reduces the number of units that make up the PCM, which in principle only requires half of the quantity. On the other hand, it is possible to form a phase difference of 180 degrees that is completely stable. Both the simulation and measured results show that the RCS reduction of 10 dB for normal incidence relative to the original state of the cavity (that is, the metal cavity) over a frequency range of 6.3 GHz to 13.2 GHz under TE polarization and 7.8 GHz to 13.4 GHz under TM polarization has been obtained. Furthermore, the RCS reduction performances of the cavity loaded with the composed PCM under variable azimuth angles are also studied. Numerical and experimental results demonstrate that the ultra-wide-angle RCS reduction from -180° to 180° is acquired. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the PCM, which is made up of a number of polarizing reflectors, has been used to get broadband and ultra-wide-angle RCS reduction for the EOC. This method, which is simple, effective, and low cost, has great application prospects in the RCS reduction design of the cavity.
SAR-096: Phase II Clinical Trial of Ribociclib in Combination with Everolimus in Advanced Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma (DDL) and Leiomyosarcoma (LMS)
Authors: Movva Sujana , Matloob Sahar , Handorf Elizabeth A. , Choy Edwin , Merriam Priscilla , Flieder Douglas B. , Cai Kathy Q. , Zhou Yan , Tetzlaff Eric D. , Pagan Cheyenne , Barker Emma , Veggeberg Rosanna , Zumpano Delia , Rink Lori , von Mehren Margaret , George Suzanne
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDL) and leiomyosarcoma (LMS) are two common subtypes of soft-tissue sarcoma, a rare group of diseases for which new treatments are needed. Chemotherapy remains the standard option for advanced disease. Targeting cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) in DDL and mTOR in LMS is of biologic interest. When combined, the CDK4 inhibitor ribociclib and the mTOR inhibitor everolimus have shown synergistic growth inhibition in multiple tumor models, suggesting that this combination could be beneficial in patients.

Patients and Methods:

This was a single arm, open label, multicenter phase II study of the combination of ribociclib and everolimus. Patients were enrolled into one of two cohorts: DDL or LMS with intact Rb. The primary endpoint was progression-free rate (PFR) at 16 weeks. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival, safety and biomarker analyses.

Results:

In the DDL cohort, 33.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 15.6%–55.3%] of patients were progression-free at 16 weeks. Median PFS in this cohort was 15.4 weeks (95% CI, 8–36 weeks) with 2 partial responses. In the LMS cohort the PFR at 16 weeks was 29.2% (95% CI, 12.6%–51.1%). Median PFS in this cohort was 15.7 weeks (95% CI, 7.7–NA). Most common toxicities included fatigue (66.7%), anorexia (43.8%), and hyperglycemia (43.8%). Concordance between Rb testing methodologies was poor.

Conclusions:

The combination of ribociclib and everolimus demonstrates activity in DDL with prolonged stable disease (≥16 weeks) meeting the primary endpoint. Notably partial responses were observed. The primary endpoint was not reached in the LMS cohort. The combination was well tolerated with expected side effects.
Supplementary Tables 1-14 from Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the Mutational Landscape of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Gomez Felicia , Fisk Bryan , McMichael Joshua F. , Mosior Matthew , Foltz Jennifer A. , Skidmore Zachary L. , Duncavage Eric J. , Miller Christopher A. , Abel Haley , Lee Yi-Shan , Russler-Germain David A. , Krysiak Kilannin , Watkins Marcus P. , Ramirez Cody A. , Schmidt Alina , Martins Rodrigues Fernanda , Trani Lee , Khanna Ajay , Wagner Julia A. , Fulton Robert S. , Fronick Catrina C. , O'Laughlin Michelle D. , Schappe Timothy , Cashen Amanda F. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Kahl Brad S. , Walker Jason , Bartlett Nancy L. , Griffith Malachi , Fehniger Todd A. , Griffith Obi L.
Published: November 2023

Supplemental Tables 1-14
Supplementary Methods from Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the Mutational Landscape of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Gomez Felicia , Fisk Bryan , McMichael Joshua F. , Mosior Matthew , Foltz Jennifer A. , Skidmore Zachary L. , Duncavage Eric J. , Miller Christopher A. , Abel Haley , Li Yi-Shan , Russler-Germain David A. , Krysiak Kilannin , Watkins Marcus P. , Ramirez Cody A. , Schmidt Alina , Martins Rodrigues Fernanda , Trani Lee , Khanna Ajay , Wagner Julia A. , Fulton Robert S. , Fronick Catrina C. , O'Laughlin Michelle D. , Schappe Timothy , Cashen Amanda F. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Kahl Brad S. , Walker Jason , Bartlett Nancy L. , Griffith Malachi , Fehniger Todd A. , Griffith Obi L.
Published: November 2023

supplemental methods
Supplementary Figure 9 from Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the Mutational Landscape of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Gomez Felicia , Fisk Bryan , McMichael Joshua F. , Mosior Matthew , Foltz Jennifer A. , Skidmore Zachary L. , Duncavage Eric J. , Miller Christopher A. , Abel Haley , Lee Yi-Shan , Russler-Germain David A. , Krysiak Kilannin , Watkins Marcus P. , Ramirez Cody A. , Schmidt Alina , Martins Rodrigues Fernanda , Trani Lee , Khanna Ajay , Wagner Julia A. , Fulton Robert S. , Fronick Catrina C. , O'Laughlin Michelle D. , Schappe Timothy , Cashen Amanda F. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Kahl Brad S. , Walker Jason , Bartlett Nancy L. , Griffith Malachi , Fehniger Todd A. , Griffith Obi L.
Published: November 2023

Co-Occurrence and Mutual Exclusivity Among Significantly Mutated Genes
Supplementary Figure 7 from Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the Mutational Landscape of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Gomez Felicia , Fisk Bryan , McMichael Joshua F. , Mosior Matthew , Foltz Jennifer A. , Skidmore Zachary L. , Duncavage Eric J. , Miller Christopher A. , Abel Haley , Li Yi-Shan , Russler-Germain David A. , Krysiak Kilannin , Watkins Marcus P. , Ramirez Cody A. , Schmidt Alina , Martins Rodrigues Fernanda , Trani Lee , Khanna Ajay , Wagner Julia A. , Fulton Robert S. , Fronick Catrina C. , O'Laughlin Michelle D. , Schappe Timothy , Cashen Amanda F. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Kahl Brad S. , Walker Jason , Bartlett Nancy L. , Griffith Malachi , Fehniger Todd A. , Griffith Obi L.
Published: November 2023

figure 7Relationship between median Tumor VAF and Total Variant Count by Sample
Supplementary Figure 4 from Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the Mutational Landscape of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Gomez Felicia , Fisk Bryan , McMichael Joshua F. , Mosior Matthew , Foltz Jennifer A. , Skidmore Zachary L. , Duncavage Eric J. , Miller Christopher A. , Abel Haley , Li Yi-Shan , Russler-Germain David A. , Krysiak Kilannin , Watkins Marcus P. , Ramirez Cody A. , Schmidt Alina , Martins Rodrigues Fernanda , Trani Lee , Khanna Ajay , Wagner Julia A. , Fulton Robert S. , Fronick Catrina C. , O'Laughlin Michelle D. , Schappe Timothy , Cashen Amanda F. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Kahl Brad S. , Walker Jason , Bartlett Nancy L. , Griffith Malachi , Fehniger Todd A. , Griffith Obi L.
Published: November 2023

Exome Tumor VAF Distribution Partitioned by Validation Status
Supplementary Figure 13 from Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the Mutational Landscape of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Gomez Felicia , Fisk Bryan , McMichael Joshua F. , Mosior Matthew , Foltz Jennifer A. , Skidmore Zachary L. , Duncavage Eric J. , Miller Christopher A. , Abel Haley , Li Yi-Shan , Russler-Germain David A. , Krysiak Kilannin , Watkins Marcus P. , Ramirez Cody A. , Schmidt Alina , Martins Rodrigues Fernanda , Trani Lee , Khanna Ajay , Wagner Julia A. , Fulton Robert S. , Fronick Catrina C. , O'Laughlin Michelle D. , Schappe Timothy , Cashen Amanda F. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Kahl Brad S. , Walker Jason , Bartlett Nancy L. , Griffith Malachi , Fehniger Todd A. , Griffith Obi L.
Published: November 2023

HL-248 Reads Covering EIF4A2 in Cluster 14
Supplementary Figure 11 from Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the Mutational Landscape of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Gomez Felicia , Fisk Bryan , McMichael Joshua F. , Mosior Matthew , Foltz Jennifer A. , Skidmore Zachary L. , Duncavage Eric J. , Miller Christopher A. , Abel Haley , Li Yi-Shan , Russler-Germain David A. , Krysiak Kilannin , Watkins Marcus P. , Ramirez Cody A. , Schmidt Alina , Martins Rodrigues Fernanda , Trani Lee , Khanna Ajay , Wagner Julia A. , Fulton Robert S. , Fronick Catrina C. , O'Laughlin Michelle D. , Schappe Timothy , Cashen Amanda F. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Kahl Brad S. , Walker Jason , Bartlett Nancy L. , Griffith Malachi , Fehniger Todd A. , Griffith Obi L.
Published: November 2023

Summary of Recurrently Mutated Genes for Relapsed Samples
FIGURE 6 from Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the Mutational Landscape of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Gomez Felicia , Fisk Bryan , McMichael Joshua F. , Mosior Matthew , Foltz Jennifer A. , Skidmore Zachary L. , Duncavage Eric J. , Miller Christopher A. , Abel Haley , Li Yi-Shan , Russler-Germain David A. , Krysiak Kilannin , Watkins Marcus P. , Ramirez Cody A. , Schmidt Alina , Martins Rodrigues Fernanda , Trani Lee , Khanna Ajay , Wagner Julia A. , Fulton Robert S. , Fronick Catrina C. , O'Laughlin Michelle D. , Schappe Timothy , Cashen Amanda F. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Kahl Brad S. , Walker Jason , Bartlett Nancy L. , Griffith Malachi , Fehniger Todd A. , Griffith Obi L.
Published: November 2023

Regulating Hippo. A, Diagram of pathways that regulate Hippo signaling. Identified SMGs are shown in red; genes mutated in at least one non-hypermutated sample are shown in yellow; genes only mutated in the hypermutated sample (HL-513) are shown in orange. The gene mutation frequency across the cohort is shown as a percent. The pathways labeled in green indicate larger pathways not shown in this diagram. B, The total number and type of mutation observed are shown in the inset bar chart. C, Lolliplot of CDH5; mutations identified in the current study are shown on the top and COSMIC mutations found in lymphoid tissue on the bottom. D, Lolliplot of mutations identified at GNA13; mutations identified in the current study are shown on the top and COSMIC mutations found in lymphoid tissue on the bottom.
FIGURE 4 from Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the Mutational Landscape of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Gomez Felicia , Fisk Bryan , McMichael Joshua F. , Mosior Matthew , Foltz Jennifer A. , Skidmore Zachary L. , Duncavage Eric J. , Miller Christopher A. , Abel Haley , Li Yi-Shan , Russler-Germain David A. , Krysiak Kilannin , Watkins Marcus P. , Ramirez Cody A. , Schmidt Alina , Martins Rodrigues Fernanda , Trani Lee , Khanna Ajay , Wagner Julia A. , Fulton Robert S. , Fronick Catrina C. , O'Laughlin Michelle D. , Schappe Timothy , Cashen Amanda F. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Kahl Brad S. , Walker Jason , Bartlett Nancy L. , Griffith Malachi , Fehniger Todd A. , Griffith Obi L.
Published: November 2023

Mutations in AID motifs at SOCS1. A, Schematic of SOCS1 gene structure. Middle track shows where SOCS1 SNVs are located. Zoomed-in tracks (top and bottom) show the location of WRC/GYW motifs and the mutations that lie within or outside motifs (W = A/T; R = A/G; Y = C/T). B, Distribution of counts of simulated mutations observed at SOCS1 that were in WRC motifs. The actual observed number of WRC SNVs (12/19) is shown using a green dashed line.
FIGURE 3 from Ultra-Deep Sequencing Reveals the Mutational Landscape of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Gomez Felicia , Fisk Bryan , McMichael Joshua F. , Mosior Matthew , Foltz Jennifer A. , Skidmore Zachary L. , Duncavage Eric J. , Miller Christopher A. , Abel Haley , Li Yi-Shan , Russler-Germain David A. , Krysiak Kilannin , Watkins Marcus P. , Ramirez Cody A. , Schmidt Alina , Martins Rodrigues Fernanda , Trani Lee , Khanna Ajay , Wagner Julia A. , Fulton Robert S. , Fronick Catrina C. , O'Laughlin Michelle D. , Schappe Timothy , Cashen Amanda F. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Kahl Brad S. , Walker Jason , Bartlett Nancy L. , Griffith Malachi , Fehniger Todd A. , Griffith Obi L.
Published: November 2023

snRNA-seq of Patient HL-248. A, UMAP representation of unsupervised clustering of nuclei sequenced in HL-248. B, UMAP of HL-248 clusters with cell-type labels determined by celldex and SingleR. C, UMAP of HL-248 where highlighted nuclei are nuclei with a VAF > 0 for the EIF4A2 variant uncovered in this sample's deep exome (chr3:186783634 T/A). D, UMAP of HL-248 where highlighted nuclei are nuclei that express an expanded BCR clonotype. E, Genes differentially expressed between cluster 3 and all other B cells are displayed as either downregulated with a significant P value (blue) or upregulated with a significant P value (orange).
COVID-19 Vaccination in Liver Cirrhosis: Safety and Immune and Clinical Responses
Authors: Canha Inês , Silva Mário Jorge , Silva Maria Azevedo , Sarmento Costa Mara , Saraiva Rita Ornelas , Ruge André , Machado Mariana Verdelho , Félix Catarina Sousa , Morão Bárbara , Figueiredo Pedro Narra , Mendes Milena , Leal Carina , Calinas Filipe
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Three years after the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination in liver cirrhosis (LC) patients remain controversial. We aimed to study the safety, immunological, and clinical responses of LC patients to COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: Prospective multicentric study in adults with LC eligible for COVID-19 vaccination, without prior known infection. Patients were followed up until the timing of a booster dose, SARS-CoV-2 infection, or death. Spike-protein immunoglobulin G antibody titers for SARS-CoV-2 at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postvaccination were assessed. Antibody titers <33.8 binding antibody units (BAU)/mL were considered seronegative and <200 BAU/mL suboptimal. Postvaccination infection and its severity were registered. Results: We included 124 LC patients, 81% males, mean aged 61 ± 10 years, with a mean follow-up of 221 ± 26 days. Alcohol was the most common (61%) cause of cirrhosis, and 7% were under immunosuppressants for autoimmune hepatitis; 69% had portal hypertension, 42% had a previous decompensation, and 21% had a Child-Pugh-Turcotte score of B/C. The type of vaccine administrated was BNT162b2 (n = 59, 48%), ChAdOx1nCoV-19 (n = 45, 36%), mRNA-1273 (n = 14, 11%), and Ad26.COV2.S (n = 6, 5%). Eighteen percent of the patients reported adverse events after vaccination, none serious. Median [Q1; Q3] antibody titers were 1,185 [280; 2,080] BAU/mL at 2 weeks, 301 [72; 1,175] BAU/mL at 3 months, and 192 [49; 656] BAU/mL at 6 months. There were seronegative and suboptimal antibody responses in 8% and 23% of the patients at 2 weeks, 16% and 38% at 3 months, and 22% and 48% at 6 months. Older age and adenovirus vector vaccines were the only factors associated with seronegative and suboptimal responses at 2 weeks and 3 months (p < 0.05) in a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Eleven patients (9%) were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during follow-up (3.8–6.6 months postvaccination), all with mild disease. There were no differences regarding the type of vaccine, and 73% had antibody titers >200 BAU/mL at 3 months. Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccines in patients with LC were safe, without serious adverse events. The humoral and clinical responses were similar to the reported for the general population. Humoral response was adversely impacted by older age and adenovirus vector vaccines and unrelated to the liver disease severity.