bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestión del conocimiento para el diseño de políticas públicas y construcción de resiliencia orientadas a la prevención de la violencia en Tampico, Tamaulipas.
Authors: Sosa del Ángel Carlos Omar , Caballero Rico Frida Carmina , Ramírez de León José Alberto
Published: July 2021

Este artículo presenta los hallazgos del análisis de los registros de las sanciones por infracciones de los reglamentos gubernativos y de policía en el Municipio de Tampico en el periodo 2016-2020. La metodología consistió en una búsqueda y calificación de 11704 actas administrativas. Se trabajó en dos niveles: un análisis estadístico de la información y una caracterización de los patrones de las infracciones, la población asociada y la distribución espacial. Los resultados se presentaron a funcionarios públicos responsables de las áreas. Se concluye que es necesario un abordaje integral de largo plazo para establecer modelos de justicia cívica, para facilitar y mejorar la convivencia en la comunidad y evitar que los conflictos escalen a conductas delictivas o actos de violencia.
Conocimiento y manejo de personas con demencia por estudiantes de séptimo periodo de la Licenciatura en Gerontología.
Authors: Zamora Rojas Daniela , Salgado Guadarrama Jannet Delfina , Mandujano Garrido Ana Laura , Álvarez Orozco María Eugenia
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo se enfoca en conocer y determinar los conocimientos de los alumnos de séptimo periodo de la Licenciatura en Gerontología, sus experiencia, intervenciones y técnicas para el trato de personas mayores con demencia. El tipo de investigación es cuantitativo y transversal, y el universo estuvo integrado por estudiantes de séptimo semestre de la Licenciatura en Gerontología de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. El 96% de los estudiantes conoce el término de demencia; 69% logró identificar las etapas de demencia; y el 54% identificó criterios de diagnóstico de demencia. El manejo de pacientes con demencia debe ser un tema prioritario para los Licenciados en Gerontología, por las estadísticas poblacionales y proyecciones de la demencia.
PERAN PSIKOLOGI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN ANAK USIA DINI DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Wiwiet Arie Shanty  , Tafonao Talizaro
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah melihat sejauh mana peran psikologi Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam menyiapkan metode pembelajaran kepada anak usia dini di masa pandemi. Hal ini dikarenakan pembelajaran anak usia dini di masa pandemi covid 19 menjadi perhatian dan tantangan tersendiri bagi guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran. Selain itu, pendidikan pada anak usia dini memerlukan strategi yang cukup memadai. Itulah sebabnya guru dituntut untuk berupaya memahami berbagai problem yang dihadapi dalam mendidik anak usia dini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif  dengan mengumpulkan data melalui pengamatan langsung oleh peneliti dan wawancara dengan guru dan orang tua wali murid. Proses analisis yang dilakukan adalah menggunakan berbagai sumber literatur baik jurnal, buku, dan bahan referensi lainnya yang terpercaya untuk mendukung analisis penulis. Hasil kajian yang dilakukan menemukan banwa peran psikologi pendidikan agama Kristen di dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran anak usia dini sangat besar karena menentukan metode dan strategi pembelajaran anak usia dini di masa pandemi, yaitu daring dan tatap muka dengan memperhatikan protokol kesehatan. Psikologi pendidikan di masa pandemi sangat signifikan diterapkan sebagai solusi dalam memahami kebutuhan anak-anak didik baik secara kognitif, afektif, psikomotorik serta spiritual.
FILANTROPI KRISTEN: RESPONS TUBUH KRISTUS DALAM MENGATASI KEMISKINAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 BERDASARKAN KISAH PARA RASUL 2:44-45
Authors: Ngurah Reza Rizaldy Gde , Thayeb Kayla Nathania , Sitompul Davin
Published: July 2021

Kemiskinan bukanlah persoalan baru dalam konteks kehidupan di Indonesia. Ironisnya, kemajuan zaman yang ada tidak berhasil mengatasi isu ekonomi ini. Terlihat dari angka kemiskinan yang kian bertambah, dan justru diperparah dengan kehadiran pandemi COVID-19. Untuk menyikapi isu ekonomi ini, kehidupan jemaat Kristen mula-mula menunjukkan keberhasilannya dalam mengatasi kemiskinan, yang dibuktikan dalam Kisah Para Rasul 2:44-45. Dengan demikian, artikel ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan suatu konsep yang disebut dengan Filantropi Kristen, sebagai solusi dalam menyikapi kesulitan ekonomi yang dialami masyarakat, khususnya dalam lingkungan Gereja. Sehingga secara kontekstual, penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk membuka perspektif individu dan Gereja dalam melihat, sekaligus menanggulanginya dengan menerapkan konsep Filantropi Kristen yang ditinjau dari perspektif Perjanjian Baru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui kajian hermeneutika. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa konsep filantropi ini mendorong Gereja untuk merespons masalah perekonomian yang dialami dengan menjalankan pelayanan secara menyeluruh atau merata, baik pelayanan batiniah maupun lahiriah khususnya kepada kaum-kaum marginal.
Variation in leaf morphology of Quercus pontica natural populations in Turkey
Authors: Yildirim Nebahat , Turna İbrahim
Published: July 2021

Quercus pontica K.Koch is a relict plant species which is classified as vulnerable (VU) in Turkey. Within the scope of this study it needed to be investigated are there variations in leaf morphological characteristics within and among Q. pontica populations. Variation in leaf traits in relation to seven different natural provinces was identified. In total, 99 individuals were selected, and 30 leaves were collected from each shrub to determine leaf variations in Q. pontica populations. Mean values for petiole length (1.07 cm), leaf length (17.13 cm), lamina length (16.13 cm), leaf width (8.10 cm), leaf area (93.76 cm2), leaf vein angle (54.22 degree), total number of primary veins (38.72), total number of teeth (40.73), petiole ratio (6.34%), relative length of lamina at largest width (50.50%), and percentage of venation (98.65%) were determined in all populations. The results of the analysis of variance showed significant differences (p< 0.01) among individuals within populations for all leaf characteristics. Variations among populations were detected by cluster analysis and principal components analysis. According to the analysis results, the 11 populations were grouped in three categories. Using correlation analysis, statistically significant relationships between leaf traits were determined. In this study, we detected no significant relationship between environmental factors (altitude, aspect, annual temperature and annual precipitation) and leaf traits. Key words: leaf morphology, Quercus pontica, relict, variation
Derechos humanos de mujeres y niñas con discapacidad: el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Riquelme Saldivia Kirian Sebastián
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo aborda la situación de especial vulnerabilidad en la que se encuentran las mujeres y niñas con discapacidad, la cual se ha visto agravada en el contexto de la crisis provocada por la pandemia de Covid-19. En efecto, en la primera parte el autor toma nota del actual deterioro de los derechos humanos de las mujeres y niñas con discapacidad, lo cual constituye un desafío para evitar su marginación en términos de doble discriminación. Para afrontar dicho reto, en la segunda parte se pone el énfasis en el papel crucial de la Convención de Naciones Unidas sobre los derechos de las personas con discapacidad como estándar mínimo de protección. En este sentido, en la tercera parte se analiza el alcance de específicas disposiciones de dicha Convención que apuntan a garantizar la dignidad humana de las mujeres y niñas con discapacidad frente a múltiples formas de discriminación, aseguran su accesibilidad en los ámbitos laboral, social o informativo, o las protegen en situaciones de emergencia. A continuación, la cuarta parte denuncia concretos retrocesos en donde los derechos de las mujeres y niñas con discapacidad se han visto afectados no solamente por la crisis del Coronavirus, sino también por la actitud negligente de las autoridades públicas a todos los niveles. Por tales motivos, el autor concluye que la Convención de Naciones Unidas debe explotarse como marco efectivo de protección en el que todas las autoridades públicas asuman sus obligaciones positivas y hagan efectivo el principio pro personae a favor de las mujeres y niñas con discapacidad.
Editorial
Authors: Salcedo Beltrán Carmen
Published: July 2021

Presentación del volumen 11, número 2, 2021.
Pandemia, personal sanitario y burnout: el síndrome de estar quemado como enfermedad del trabajo
Authors: García González Guillermo
Published: July 2021

El burnout o síndrome de estar quemado se presenta en la actualidad como uno de los trastornos psicosociales de mayor trascendencia. La relevancia del burnout es especialmente significativa en las profesiones asistenciales, teniendo una singular repercusión en las ocupaciones del ámbito sanitario. A los tradicionales factores organizacionales que concurren en dicho ámbito, se unen en el contexto actual los elementos estresores derivados de la pandemia del covid-19, como el exceso de trabajo, la inseguridad en el desempeño de la profesión o la deficiencia de medios para desarrollar el trabajo. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo fundamental analizar la consideración del burnout como accidente de trabajo, mediante su identificación como enfermedad del trabajo ex art. 156.2 e) LGSS, enfocando el examen en su proyección al ámbito sanitario en el actual contexto de pandemia.
critical analysis of the job instability in platform economy
Authors: Gallego Losada Rocío
Published: July 2021

This article reflects on the vulnerability of the new digital platform workers regarding their social rights, a highly controversial issue at the doctrinal and jurisprudential levels. Firstly, we analyse the greater job instability and lack of protection experienced by the workers in this type of platforms, and the labour legal framework that derives from these new business models. In this sense, the current doctrine can be grouped into two positions: a first one which defends that these workers should be considered employees and, therefore, remain under the umbrella of the general labour legislation; and a second one, that proposes a legal transformation to include these special workers. Secondly, we analyse the effects derived from the growing development of the platform economy for the Spanish Social Security system. This analysis focuses both on the effects of the protective action of the welfare state for their workers, as well as on its impact on the financing of the public pension system. The article draws a series of final conclusions warning about the possible crash of the fundamental social rights of platform workers.
Skate, parkour y barras en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Varela Hernández Sergio , Rosales Vargas Luis Alexis , Bravo Vielma Aldo
Published: July 2021

En este artículo se expone un resumen de resultados referentes a una investigación realizada en la Ciudad de México, en la que se estudian tres actividades físicas, surgidas en países occidentales centrales durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX, pero ampliamente practicadas en dicha ciudad: skateboarding, parkour y barras o street workout. La atención del texto se centra en el carácter urbano y masculinizado de estas disciplinas, así como en sus dimensiones lúdicas, estilísticas y estéticas, mismas que son reivindicadas por sus practicantes. Para lo anterior, mostramos algunos datos obtenidos mediante un cuestionario aplicado en campo y por medio de entrevistas semi-estructuradas realizadas a practicantes varones, así como algunas observaciones obtenidas de plataformas digitales. Además, se ofrece un esfuerzo por conceptualizar tales actividades dentro de una red de categorías propias de la sociología del deporte, esto en el intento de subrayar sus rasgos como deportes callejeros.
MOTIVATION TO STUDY ENGLISH OF NON-ENGLISH MAJORED FRESHMEN
Authors: Huynh Thi My Duyen , Pham Lan Anh , Nguyen Doan Phuong Quyen , Huynh Nguyen Bao Ngoc
Published: July 2021

Motivation is regarded as an influential factor in the success of any activity. It plays a significant role in reaching the desired goals, including learning English. This research aims to analyze the students' motivation and factors affecting their motivation to learn English. The population of this study was 326 freshmen in nine faculties of natural sciences at Tay Do University. The quantitative data was collected through the questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS software. The results show that the students had motivation to learn English, but their motivation levels were not high. Additionally, the students had both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. However, the latter was higher than the former. Moreover, the results also indicate factors affecting learners’ motivation. The research findings contribute to improving English teaching and learning quality in Vietnam in general and in Tay Do University in particular.

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GAMIFICATION AND ARTISTIC DRAWING FOR IMPROVING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION IN ECUADOR: MEANINGFUL ONLINE EDUCATION / GAMIFICACIÓN Y DIBUJO ARTÍSTICO PARA EL MEJORAMIENTO DE LA ENSEÑANZA DEL IDIOMA INGLÉS DE ECUADOR: EDUCACIÓN EN LÍNEA SIGNIFICATIVA
Authors: Bailón Delgado Katherine Nerexy , Parrales Erelin Maria Rivera , Villafuerte-Villafuerte Jhonny Saulo
Published: July 2021

This work aims to determine the contribution of gamification and artistic drawing in the English as a foreign language instruction of elementary school children in Manabí, Ecuador. The constructivist paradigm and qualitative and quantitative educational research approaches were applied to collect information. The participants were 105 people between second and fourth-grade students and teachers of two public schools located in Manta and Montecristi. They took part in an educational intervention that articulated games and drawings to the national curriculum for English class during October 2019 and September 2020. The instrument applied was the Valenzuela Learning Motivation questionnaire, and the techniques administered were a focus group, open interview, and Liker questionnaire. The results showed that all participants reached a relevant improvement in their vocabulary acquisition by participation in these language practices. It concluded that gamification and artistic drawing contribution is positive and relevant, increasing the lessons' meaningful and participants' motivation for learning.

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar el aporte de la gamificación y el dibujo artístico en la instrucción del inglés como lengua extranjera de los niños de la escuela primaria en Manabí, Ecuador. Para la recolección de información se aplicó el paradigma constructivista y los enfoques de investigación educativa cualitativa y cuantitativa. Los participantes fueron 105 personas entre estudiantes de segundo y cuarto grado y profesores de dos escuelas públicas de Manta y Montecristi. Participaron en una intervención educativa que articuló juegos y dibujos al currículo nacional para la clase de inglés durante octubre de 2019 y septiembre de 2020. El instrumento aplicado fue el cuestionario Valenzuela Learning Motivation, y las técnicas administradas fueron un grupo focal, entrevista abierta y Liker. cuestionario. Los resultados mostraron que todos los participantes alcanzaron una mejora relevante en la adquisición de vocabulario al participar en estas prácticas lingüísticas. Concluyó que la gamificación y la contribución del dibujo artístico son positivas y relevantes, lo que aumenta el significado de las lecciones y la motivación de los participantes para aprender un idioma extranjero.

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Belanja Online di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Kasus Ibu-ibu Rumah Tangga di Kota Makassar
Authors: Juniar Andi Maghfirah , Jusrianti Jusrianti
Published: July 2021

In early 2020 the world was shocked by the outbreak of a new type of virus (SARS-CoV-2) known as Corona virus disease 2019 (abbreviated as Covid-19), whose first case was discovered at the end of December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The outbreak of the Covid-19 was known to have entered Indonesia in mid-March 2020, resulting in Indonesia entering the Disaster Emergency Period. The entry of Covid-19 in Indonesia prompted the government to adopt a Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy to stop the wider spread of Covid-19. With this policy, people's activities outside the home are limited, and more people's activities are diverted at home, including shopping online through applications. In this context, the ease of shopping online may resulted in consumptive behavior when one can't control him/herself.
This research was conducted between September and November 2020 in the city of Makassar City. Makassar was chosen because based on online observations, many housewives in the Makassar area tend to behave consumptively during the outbreak Covid-19. This can be seen from the habit of shopping online which is supported by technology and the ease of accessing online applications. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and observation. Those who participated in this study were ten housewives who had a history of routine shopping online using a shopping application. 
The study indicates that the Covid-19 pandemi has limited people's mobility, one of which is social restriction policies issued by the government which has changed many aspect of human life, including their shopping method. This shopping method has changed from direct shopping through which human interaction occurs to more often online shopping, using online shopping applications. Housewives perceive online shopping in various ways, from relating it to the simplicity of shopping; transaction process using advanced technology; to shopping by using online shopping applications. The reasons why online shopping is in favour among housewives during the Covid-19 pandemi are the availability of a variety of offered goods, its convenience and practicality, its safety and comfort, and its discount offers. During the Covid-19 pandemi, this way of shopping intensifies. In addition to its advantages, online shopping also has weaknesses, namely the discrepancy between the appearance of the goods ordered and the reality of the goods received; the purchased goods cannot be received directly because it requires delivery time; vulnerability to damage to goods in the shipping process, and vulnerability to fraud. Therefore, consumers must consider the needs and desires in order to be able to control themselves in shopping because not all the desired items are needed items. In addition, fraud is vulnerable in online shopping. Thus consumers not only have to question the goods to be purchased in as much detail as possible; selective in choosing online stores; but also one must identify the track record of intended online store.
Emotions, communicational process and inclusion of people with disabilities in the work context
Authors: Nogueira Marta Alexandra Gonçalves , De Sousa Célia Maria Adão de Oliveira Aguiar
Published: July 2021

The general objective of this research focuses on understanding how the labor market integrates people with disabilities (PwD), understanding their emotions and how they manage them throughout the work day, and knowing how communication is processed in the workplace. The following specific objectives were then defined: to know the degree of awareness that disabled workers have about their emotions in their daily interactions in the workplace, and to analyze the communicative interactions of PwD in the work environment.

A mixed methodology was chosen, using qualitative and quantitative research. The qualitative methodology used semi-structured interviews, and the quantitative methodology used a questionnaire. The sample was made up of 50 disabled workers and 314 co-workers of the same (n=314), employees of the Auchan Portugal Group.

The results showed that: of the four dimensions under study (General Perception of Hiring, Emotional Intelligence, Interpersonal Communication and Integration/Insertion in the workplace) the great majority of PwD co-workers agreed or totally agreed with the items of the four dimensions, which suggests a positive score with the themes under study, the PwD are able to identify the emotions that most characterize the day-to-day at work, but most disguise the discomfort felt and do not clearly communicate to the other what emotion they felt, most PwD communicate to the other the behavior that caused them discomfort, PwD do not consider the communication channels confusing, most PwD feel integrated in the company and state that no specific adaptation has been made, most of the interviewees suggest a greater sensitivity on the part of the employer and work adapted to the person and his/her disability.
A Contemporary Overview about Status and Challenging Issues of Tribal Education in India
Authors: Velusamy V. Rajkumar
Published: July 2021

India is the second-largest tribal population in the world. However, after the seven decades of independence, the tribal groups are disadvantaged and socially backward from the cycle of growth in many areas such as health, education, employment, and empowerment, and more. Among these, for tribal society, education is an essential requirement. The state and central governments have initiated several programs to educate tribal groups. Many of these programs have achieved only 10 percent of the targets. The vast numbers of tribal peoples are missing their education at various levels. They lag in education due to the high illiteracy rates among the tribal population relative to Scheduled Castes (S.C.s). Hence, the time has come to consider tribal education and inclusive growth seriously. In this context, the comprehensive literature review seeks to provide a contemporary overview of India's current status and challenging issues of tribal education. The paper is purely based on second-hand information from various research studies conducted in India and collected from different government sources. The outcomes are more helpful in implementing schemes that can improve tribal literacy and inclusive growth perspectives.
Frame Difference Method to Detect Fire and Compare the Accuracy and Precision with Vibe Method
Authors: Niharika D. , Mohana J.
Published: July 2021

Aim: In this paper, the main aim is to detect fire using a novel frame difference method and compare it with conventional method. This is based on video processing and computational methods to reduce the computational complexity. Materials and method: The method was performed over a sample size of 20. Same samples were applied for both the control group and experimental group. Improved accuracy detection was obtained using the proposed method. Results: The Accuracy and precision was found (94.03, 64.62) and (86.24,57.19) was obtained for the frame difference method and conventional method. It also shows a significance of 0.048 for accuracy and 0.018 for precision which is less than 0.05. Conclusion: It would be concluded that the frame difference method is producing high accuracy and precision when compared with the Vibe method. It is applicable for monitoring systems and home security.
An Innovative Method to Analyse the Prediction Rate and Accuracy for Handwritten Digit Recognition with Convolutional Neural Network Over Connection Temporal Classification
Authors: Prathyusha M. Pranathi Sai , Malathi Dr.K.
Published: July 2021

Aim: Recognizing the Handwritten Digits to find the best accuracy using Machine learning methods such as Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Methods and Materials: Accuracy and loss are performed with the MNIST dataset from the Keras library. The two groups Connectionist Temporal classification (N=20) and Convolutional Neural Network algorithms (N=20). Results: A CNN is used for recognizing the innovative handwritten digits. The accuracy is analysed based on correctness of the exact digits of 92.67% where the CTC has the accuracy of 89.07%. The two algorithms CNN and CTC are statistically satisfied with the independent sample T-Test (=.001) value (p<0.05) with confidence level of 95%. Conclusion: Recognizing the handwritten digits significantly seems to be better in CNN than CTC.
A RARE CASE OF EOSINOPHYLIC MENINGITIS BY PROBABLE ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS, IN AN INFANT IN THE CITY OF MANAUS, IN THE AMAZON REGION OF BRAZIL
Authors: TUSSOLINI IURY GABRIEL AMAZONAS , TUSSOLINI GABRIELLE RODRIGUES , MESQUITA GABRIELLA FONSECA DE JESUS , DE LIMA DAYENE BUENO CRUVINEL , FONSECA HIAGO BRUNO CARDOSO COSTA , ROCHA JUNIOR MARIO TERCIO , LIMA RENAN SOUSA SERRA , TUSSOLINI JOAO FRANCISCO
Published: July 2021

March 2021, a 12-month-old infant was brought to the HPS East Zone Little Jonh, in the capital of the State of Amazonas, Brazil, where she was admitted with fever, vomiting, intense prostration, little acceptance of breast milk, difficulty in walking, associated with left-facing strabismus and neck stiffness. At admission, the main author performed a lumbar puncture, and serological tests on the CSF to identify the causative agent were referred to a reference laboratory, which suggested that they be referred to the Central Laboratory - LACEN for suspecting the presence of agent Angionsytrongylis Canyonensis. Although, the identification of the causative agent is difficult to be detected and confirmed, this case report shows us the importance of the clinical laboratory in the identification of Eosinophilic Meningitis. The sub-detection of eosinophils in the CSF helps to underestimate the prevalence of eosinophilic meningitis. Thus, CSF analysis, slide preparation, sediment staining, as well as knowledge about the importance of adequate leukocyte differentiation in CSF are extremely important, to properly conduct the final diagnosis of the disease and prevent possible endemicity. The knowledge of this condition and early detection allows an effective therapy and improvement of public health actions. ? ?,
EVALUACIÓN DE LA CAPACIDAD DE ALGAS CHLOROPHYTA PARA REMOVER MATERIA ORGÁNICA EN AGUAS RESIDUALES DEL CAMAL MUNICIPAL DE SHUSHUFINDI, ECUADOR.
Authors: Ocaña Melanie , Pacurucu Ana , Díaz Yolanda
Published: July 2021

Se evaluó la capacidad de algas Chlorophyta aisladas de la laguna Limoncocha para remover materia orgánica en aguas residuales del camal municipal del cantón Shushufindi, Provincia de Sucumbíos – Ecuador. Se utilizó un fotobiorreactor tubular para aplicar seis tratamientos de 1.8 L, con cinco repeticiones cada uno. Los tratamientos dirigidos a evaluar el crecimiento de las algas consistieron en el uso del medio de cultivo Nitrofoska foliar, con y sin aireación; para las pruebas de reducción de materia orgánica se aplicaron cuatro tratamientos con dilución de 1:3 del agua residual: dos unidades experimentales inoculadas con algas Chlorophyta, con y sin aireación; y dos unidades experimentales sin inoculación de algas, con y sin aireación. El fotoperiodo fue de 12 horas a 22.38°C y un pH de 8.45. El tratamiento más eficiente para la remoción de DBO5 (83.1%), fosfatos (58.9%), nitrógeno total Kjeldahl (63.1%), corresponde al cultivo aireado de algas Chlorophyta en agua residual diluida, presentando además mayor productividad celular (41944 células/L/día) en comparación al crecimiento en el medio de cultivo. La remoción más eficiente de sulfatos (58.9%) se obtuvo mediante el cultivo de algas Chlorophyta en agua residual diluida sin aireación.
The Effect of Nanogold-Nanosilver to Boost Immunity of People Affected by COVID-19 with Comorbidities of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia, Taufikurohmah Titik
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 virus has spread almost all over the world, including Indonesia until now. COVID-19 in people with diabetes mellitus have a risk of exacerbating symptoms. Diabetes is a disease caused by high blood sugar levels. Nanogold has a very strong anti-oxidant capability, while nanosilver has anti-bacterial properties. In this research, nanogold-nanosilver was presented in the form of health drinking water packaged in 1 L bottles and could be consumed directly. This research aimed to determine the effect of nanogold-nanosilver to boost the immunity of people affected by COVID-19 with comorbidities of diabetes mellitus on Jl. Merr Surabaya to Juanda highway, Surabaya City. The method in this research was the lecture method at the beginning of the activity. Health Drinking Water Materials were distributed once a week, namely on Friday, July 31 to August 28, 2020. The sampling technique used accidental sampling with a total sample of 100. Interviews recording medical conditions were collected and analysed. The results obtained were a decrease in blood sugar levels to normal in patients with diabetes mellitus and the immunity of the participant volunteers was well maintained in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. The age group under 39 years had the greatest decrease in blood sugar levels. In accordance with the research results, Nanogold-Nanosilver Health Drinking Water has succeeded in increasing and maintaining the immunity of participants who have comorbidities with diabetes mellitus and are affected by COVID-19. Besides, the participant survived not to be affected to COVID-19 during activities.
Congenital pouch colon with colonic atresia- An unusual embryological association: A case report
Authors: Mathur Praveen , Gubbi Sharanabasappa , Farooq Aadil , Mittal Priyanka , Sharma Gunjan
Published: July 2021

Background: Congenital pouch colon (CPC) is a rare variant of high anorectal malformation. More and more varied associations of CPC with other entities are being added to the literature.
Case presentation: A 1-day-old male baby presented to the emergency room with marked abdominal distension and absent anal opening. On exploration, the baby was found to have CPC (Type 2) with colonic atresia. This association has not been reported in English literature.
Conclusion: This is a report of a case of type 2 CPC with colonic atresia. To the best of our knowledge, such an association has not been reported so far. The final embryological outcome is dictated both by the topography and timing of vascular insult.
Phoenix dactylifera (Ajwa Date) Whole Fruit, Flesh and Powdered Seed Prevents Anti-Tuberculous Drug Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits
Authors: Majeed Sadia , Aslam Usman , Khan Muhammad Ubaid Ullah , Inam Asma , Chiragh Sadia
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Hepatotoxicity induced by anti-tuberculous medicine is known due to their oxidative stress. Ajwa dates may have a role to protect liver from oxidative stressAims & Objectives: To assess the preventive effect of Ajwa date on hepatotoxicity induced by anti-tuberculous drugs in rabbits.Place and duration of study: Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore for three months, from May 2014 to July 2014.Material & Methods: Thirty rabbits were distributed into five groups. Rabbits of Group A and of B were fed on normal diet in form of pellets. Group C, D and E were provided diet containing one whole Ajwa date, flesh of one Ajwa date and powdered seed of one Ajwa date respectively in each 100 grams of diet throughout study. Group B, C, D and E were administered 50mg/kg isoniazid and 100mg/kg rifampicin orally for 14 days. Serum levels of liver enzymes Alaninetransaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin were estimated on day 0 and 14. One way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s test and t-test were applied for statistical analysis using SPSS 20.Results: Baseline LFTs were normal in all groups. Significant hepatotoxicity was observed after 2weeks of INH and rifampicin administration in disease control group B (ALT 200.2±19.3 & ALP 231.0±21.3 IU/L, AST 139.0±22 & bilirubin 0.48±0.046mg/dl, (p value < 0.001) as compared to healthy control group A (ALT47.2 ± 6.7 & ALP78.2 ±5.0 IU/L, AST 43.0 ± 9.7, bilirubin 0.10± 0.00mg/dl). (p value < 0.001). Concomitant Ajwa intake during the same period resulted in an equipotent significantly similar improvement in LFTs in Groups C (whole date) ALT55.7 ± 4.7&ALP 91.5 ±5.0IU/L, AST, 59.0 ± 15.3 &bilirubin 0.09 ±0.02 mg/dl): D (flesh) ALT89.8 ± 6.3 & ALP111.3 ±9.4 IU/L, AST73.7 ± 8.3 & bilirubin0.12± 0.04 mg/dl & E (seed powder) ALT85.8 ± 8.6 IU/L &ALP 92.8 ±11.4 IU/L, AST57.5 ± 5.3 &bilirubin 0.12 ±0.04 mg/dl) versus group B (p value < 0.001). and near normalization of liver function close to that of healthy control groupConclusion: Co-administration of Ajwa date whole fruit, flesh and seed powder are equipotent and effective in preventing isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity.
Calving rates, long-range movements and site fidelity of southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) in south-eastern Australia
Authors: Watson Mandy , Stamation Kasey , Charlton Claire
Published: July 2021

Within New Zealand and eastern Australia, over 58,000 southern right whales were harvested by commercial whalers between 1790 and 1980, with approximately 19,000 harvested from south-eastern Australia. Local extirpation is believed to have led to a loss of cultural memory of calving areas, contributing to the limited recovery of the south-eastern Australian population. While the number of whales observed using the south-eastern Australian coastline is increasing, there has been no change over three decades in the annual abundance of cow-calf pairs at Logans Beach in Warrnambool, Victoria, the only established calving ground in the region. Knowledge of life history parameters of the south-eastern Australian population is lacking. Here, we examine sightings and photo-identification data from southern Australia to investigate calving intervals, long range movements and fidelity to the Logans Beach nursery ground. Sightings data revealed at least 93 calves were born at Logans Beach between 1980 and 2018 (an average of 2.6 per year) with a mean calving interval of 3.5 Â± 1.0 years (Â± SE, n = 34). Comparison between photo-identification catalogues compiled for south-eastern and south-western Australian populations shows that southern right whales are wide ranging within southern Australian waters. Females can be sighted at locations as far apart as 3,800 km across seasons and there is overlap in the wintering range of the south-eastern and south-western populations, with at least 7% of whales using both regions. We also provide the first report of an Australian southern right whale female with strong site fidelity to a calving area in one region relocating long-term to a calving area in another region. This work highlights several knowledge gaps, such as; the location of feeding and conception grounds for this population as well as the degree of mixing between the two Australian populations outside their wintering areas. In addition, the proportion of female calves born at Logans Beach returning to their natal site to calve remains unclear. Our work provides the first assessment of calving rates, movement and site fidelity within the south-eastern Australian population, critical for understanding constraints to recovery and informing conservation management of southern right whales in Australia. Targeted, long-term monitoring programs across the south-eastern Australian region are needed to provide demographic information on which to base predictions of the impacts of anthropogenic threats such as noise disturbance, entanglement and vessel strike.
Fitting the Portuguese population from 1850 to 2010 to a logistic growth model
Authors: Barbosa Carlos Francisco , Rothwell Michael
Published: July 2021

This work explores how the Portuguese population fits a logistic growth model. The present study is divided into two main sections. The first one consists on the qualitative and quantitative study of the logistic equation. Qualitatively, I will look at various aspects of the differential equation, such as the equilibria and their stability and possible inflections of solutions. Quantitatively, I will use the separation of variables to find explicit solutions. Given the lack of accuracy in the linear fitting to the proportional growth rate against the population, in second chapter, I attempted a polynomial trendline fitting to the growth rate against the population. This led the focus to creating an adapted form of the logistic curve that fits the Portuguese population from 1850 to 2010. With a certain degree of accuracy, the adapted form of the logistic growth model fits the Portuguese population in the period mentioned.
K-Pop's Ingredients of Success
Authors: Han Chaeri , Pothong Amy
Published: July 2021

This research paper examines the training hours, physical appearances, and on-screen personalities as potential factors of success in today’s K-pop industry in an attempt to understand such global success. The top 10 most popular male K-pop groups were chosen as this paper’s samples based on the criteria of album sales and music video views. The research method of content analysis was employed to measure certain aspects of each factor; the total training hours, average facial scores based on rules of symmetry, and frequencies of introverted or extroverted behaviors were collected for each group. For the majority, groups that went through extensive training periods, had high facial symmetry scores, and leaned more toward introverted personalities on average were found to be among the most popular and successful. It is important to note, however, that the last outcome may have been due to South Korea’s societal expectations and culture.
Cantonese as a World Language
Authors: Zeng Jiaqing , Agha Asif
Published: July 2021

In this paper, I will be comparing different registers of Cantonese from all around the world, mainly focusing on the Pearl River Delta region after the 1800s. Yet my larger purpose is to draw attention to how these different registers relate to the cultural values and social lives of the people living in those places. Max Weinreich, a pioneer sociolinguist and Yiddish scholar once said, “a language is a dialect with an army and a navy (Fishman).” Cantonese is no exception, and the state of this language has been dependent upon four factors: the geographic distribution of the Cantonese-speaking population, the economic development of Cantonese-speaking regions, official status, and international significance.
Evaluation of Improved and Current Vanillin Based Colorimetric Quantification Methods of Triterpenoids
Authors: Suresh Rohit , Kamdar Yash , Garg Vivek , Kalathoti Angelina , Renganathan Gayathri
Published: July 2021

The most common colorimetric quantification method for triterpenoids utilizes vanillin in strongly acidic conditions to form a colored adduct with the analyte, and it has gained popularity because it is fast and easy to perform. Nevertheless, the detection range of this assay is limited and it is susceptible to side reactions, which cause an interference in the reading. Here, we quantify the rate of this interference in common solvents, and we present an alternative method to minimize the interference, which first incubates the analyte solution in perchloric acid at 60°C before the vanillin is added and finally quenched with acetic acid. We also successfully isolated the adduct that formed and confirmed that the color was due to vanillin polymerizing onto the analyte. The improved method had a correlation coefficient of 0.9959, as well as high accuracy and precision, which had a standard deviation of 0.072 mg/mL, and was not affected by minor changes in the conditions making it a robust method. Furthermore, our method had a limit of quantification of 2.37 mg/mL, which can analyze formulations with ease as well as a limit of detection of 0.782 mg/mL. Triterpenoids are quickly emerging as bioactive compounds, and as a result, our work improves upon current methods to quantify triterpenoids.
Restaurateur Lockdown Blues
Authors: Ojha Sukriti , Choo Kah Ying
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has plunged the Indian restaurant industry into its worst crisis. This research study is a case study analysis on the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the restaurant industry in Lucknow, India. Data was gathered through an online survey of Indian respondents residing in Lucknow regarding the changes in their usage of restaurant services (actual and anticipated) before and after the lockdown. Variables compared included: frequency levels of dining out, food delivery, and monthly expenditure on outside food. In addition, the relative importance of three factors- the decline in coronavirus-related deaths, the easing of social distancing measures, and the lifting of mask requirements- on the dining out frequency was analysed. Based on the results, the three variables compared showed statistically significant declines. However, in the case of the three factors influencing dining out frequency, it was discovered that while the decline in deaths did have a statistically significant impact on dining out frequency, none of the factors were considerably important.  Taking the results into account, it becomes imperative that restaurants enforce safety guidelines strictly and promote their actions efficiently. Innovative ideas like incorporating bento box services and immunity-boosting dishes may enable restaurants to survive through the crisis.
A Link Between Components of the Nasal Microbiome and an Individual’s Susceptibility to Influenza.
Authors: Weaver Alexx , McLain Sophia , Holden Whitney
Published: July 2021

According to CDC influenza estimates, the flu infects ~40 million people and causes 24,000 to 60,000 deaths in the United States annually. Vaccination can be highly effective but is often a neglected tool for preventing infection. In this project, three methods were developed to compare an individual’s reported self-history of influenza infection to the types and amounts of nasal bacteria collected by nasal swab to assess if certain bacteria may correlate with less history of influenza infection. These three methods quantified species from four genera of bacteria - Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Streptococcus and Haemophilus - and compared the amounts of each type of bacteria with participant survey answers regarding their history of influenza infection. In Method 1, a disk diffusion test with bacitracin distinguished isolates of Staphylococcus from Micrococcus. Higher ratios of Staphylococcus to Micrococcus were found in individuals less susceptible to influenza (p = 0.003). In Method 2, S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae were distinguished based on their hemolytic patterns. A higher proportion S. pneumoniae significantly correlated with more history of influenza (p = 0.002). In Method 3, total numbers of Staphylococcus spp. and H. influenzae were compared. More frequent H. influenzae significantly correlated with higher influenza frequency (p = 0.006). While all three methods indicate correlations between specific nasal bacteria and influenza susceptibility, Method 2 was the simplest and least expensive to perform. Commercialization of one or more of these methods could result in a simple and inexpensive test to identify at-risk individuals for influenza.
Somerset’s Case: The Unsung Verdict and Its Legacy
Authors: Baek Sehoon , Bedore Jeffry
Published: July 2021

The paper is a comparison between the English court case Somerset v. Stewart(1772) and the infamous American suit Scott v. Sandford(1857), both of which deal with the issue of a slave’s freedom and seeks to analyze the reason why the judges overseeing these cases rendered different verdicts. The paper specifically explains the verdict of Somerset, which freed the slave in question, and Scott, which did not, in a socio-economic lens, pointing to the American dependency on slavery as a factor in the disenfranchisement of African-Americans, which was less of a factor in England that contributed to an early end to slavery in that country, including through the inclusion of black men in the Royal Army and Navy during Britain’s conflicts with the United States of America. Although a misinterpretation of Somerset’s Judge Lord Mansfield’s verdict, a wide-spread, broad understanding of his decision led to the acceptance of legal freedom for slaves throughout Britain, reinforcing American attempts to resist runaway attempts of slaves for British-controlled territory during the Revolutionary War and later the War of 1812. The paper finally renders the American Revolution as a hypocritical one that did not immediately contribute to equality, and notes Mansfield’s overlooked role in the abolition of chattel slavery.
Examining Export-Led Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa and China
Authors: Zimmerman Joe , Wheaton Brian
Published: July 2021

Export-led growth is an economic hypothesis that links the level of a nation’s exports to economic growth in that country. Seen primarily as a model for low-income, developing nations to accelerate convergence as China began to do in the 1980s, the hypothesis theoretically still stands for developed nations. However, there exists significant discussion and doubt as to the strength and causality of the relationship between exports and growth, especially after a nation has industrialized and established itself as a major exporter. This paper examines and compares the effect of exports, imports, and net exports on economic growth for a set of low-income nations (Sub-Saharan Africa) and a country that has already undergone a significant economic transformation (China, at the provincial level). I regress the share of exports, imports, and net exports against GDP growth for Sub-Saharan African nations and Chinese provinces, and use instrumental variables to check for robustness. I find that while in Sub-Saharan Africa the share of exports and net exports exhibit a positive relationship with economic growth, higher shares of exports and net exports in China are associated with lower economic growth. This suggests that export-led growth is valid in Sub-Saharan Africa, but no longer is in China. I pose two potential explanations for this outcome in China: inefficient trade with low-income nations or decreasing trade with high-income nations. Regressions of China’s exports to these two types of economies over time indicate that the latter is the primary cause of the distinction in the effect of exports.
The Synergistic Effects of Rhamnolipids and Antibiotics Against Bacteria
Authors: Shusterman Ella , Mottahedeh Abigail , McCarthy Merideth
Published: July 2021

Antibiotics are used to combat bacterial infections by slowing down and preventing the proliferation of bacteria. Antibiotic resistance is a threat to human health, attributed to its overuse and misuse. Altering the membrane permeability to induce antibiotic uptake may be an effective strategy used against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative infectious bacteria. Rhamnolipids (RLs) are biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. RLs surface-active properties operate by creating holes in bacterial cell membranes, increasing target cell permeability; allowing antibiotics to penetrate the cell. 

 

Rhamnolipids enhance the effect of antibiotics by targeting the intracellular machinery of bacteria. This project tested the susceptibility of bacteria when exposed to antibiotics with and without the addition of RLs, to quantitatively determine if RLs increase antibiotic potency. By analyzing the zones of inhibition data, the results demonstrated that RLs potentiated the antibiotics. Notably, kanamycin coupled with RLs had the most effect inhibiting bacterial growth. 

To further assess rhamnolipid biosynthesis, a BLAST search was performed exclusively on two genes, rhlA and rhlB. These genes code for the production of two proteins necessary for rhamnolipids. The search indicated a 48% correlation with putative proteins found in Burkholderia pseudomallei. Therefore, based on the experimental results and the BLAST analysis, further research should be conducted to explore the possible role of using rhamnolipids as antibiotic enhancers. Specifically, future experiments could focus on isolating the putative proteins of B.pseudomallei to genetically modify E.coli. Furthermore, isolated studies analyzing the genes of proteins to determine their role in the pathogenicity of Burkholderia species.