bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Mediator Effect of Reading Comprehension in the Relationship between Logical Reasoning and Word Problem Solving
Authors: CAN Derya
Published: August 2020

Reading comprehension skill is seen as a predictor of word problem-solving performance, and the close relationship between reading comprehension and mathematical skills is accentuated. On the other hand, more research is needed as to determine how logical thinking and word problem solving are related to each other and to analyze the role of reading comprehension in this relationship. The aim of the study is to examine the role of reading comprehension in the relation between logical reasoning and word problem-solving in 158 fourth grade primary school students. The data were collected through the administration of logical reasoning, syllogistic reasoning, and reading comprehension tests, and word problems. In this research, which makes use of a predictive correlational research model, the regression analysis was used to test the direct and indirect relationships between word problem solving, logical reasoning, inference making, and reading comprehension skills. As a result of the research, the relationships between the variables were found to be positively significant. Besides, reading comprehension seems to play a partial mediating role in the relationship between logical reasoning and word problem-solving. The positive correlation between word problem solving and logical reasoning skills suggests that activities to improve word problem-solving performance should be supported by logical reasoning- and inference making-related activities. The fact that reading comprehension skills play a mediating role between these two performances reveals the importance of linguistic skills such as reading comprehension in the development of logical and mathematical thinking.
Çağrı Merkezi Çalışanlarında İş-Aile Çatışması Algısı Üzerine Ampirik Bir İnceleme
Authors: YILMAZ Fatma
Published: August 2020

Günümüz ekonomisinde birçok çalışan iş-aile çatışmasıyla ilgili sıkıntı yaşamaktadır. İş-aile çatışması meselesi, işgücündeki büyük demografik değişiklikler ve birçok organizasyonun son yıllarda karşılaştığı rekabetçi çalışma ortamları nedeniyle artan bir ilgi görmektedir. İş hayatını ve aile hayatını dengelemek, sadece birey için değil organizasyon için de giderek kritik bir konu haline gelmektedir. Özellikle çağrı merkezlerinde yoğun çalışma koşulları nedeniyle iş-aile çatışması surumu ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı çağrı merkezi çalışanlarında iş-aile çatışmasının belirlenmesidir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın örneklemini Erzincan ilinde bulunan bir çağrı merkezinde çalışan 287 katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. İş-aile çatışması ve aile-iş çatışması şeklinde iki boyut katılımcıların demografik değişkenleri ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Çalışmada SPSS paket programı kullanılarak t-testi ve Anova testi gerçekleştirilmiş olup çeşitli sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlardan bazıları şu şekildedir; kadın çalışanların erkek çalışanlara göre ve evli çalışanların bekâr çalışanlara göre daha fazla çatışma yaşadıkları ortaya çıkmıştır.
Preparation of bacterial cell lysate for proteomics (LC-MS) by freeze and thaw cycles v1
Authors: Rodríguez-Rojas Alexandro
Published: August 2020

Preparation of bacterial cell lysate for proteomics (LC-MS) by freeze and thaw cycles
IDENTIFIKASI ILUSTRASI-TIPOGRAFI GRAPHIC VERNACULAR SEBAGAI SISTEM TANDA & IDENTITAS WARUNG TENDA DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Hermanto Yon Ade Lose
Published: August 2020

Kota Malang merupakan kota yang tengah berkembang dengan potensi dibidang pendidikan dan industri kreatif yang cukup besar, telah menjadi tujuan bagi masyarakat urban yang bermukim di kota-kota lain untuk sekadar belajar atau mencari mata pencaharian. Banyak sekali pendatang yang bermukim sementara atau menetap, karena memang Kota Malang disamping menjadi destinasi pendidikan, juga menjai destinasi wisata. Keberadaan masyarakat urban di Kota Malang membuat geliat ekonomi di kota ini juga terangkat. Termasuk usaha kuliner pinggir jalan. Warung-warung tenda dipinggir jalan tumbuh menjamur dengan beragam pilihan kuliner. Warung-warung tenda ini memiliki berbagai macam identitas ang dibuat dengan teknik mannual untuk dikenal dan diingat oleh masyarakat sebagai konsumennya. Karya-karya ini disebut dengan karya graphic vernacular, yang terdiri dari tipografi dan ilustrasi. Penelitian ini untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang bersangkutan dengan graphic vernacular yang dapat dijadikan sebagai alat identitas dan sistem tanda. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa graphic vernakular yang terdapat pada spanduk warung tenda dapat menjadi identitas sekaligus sistem tanda yang mudah untuk diidentifikasi masyarakat.
EKSOTISME ARSITEKTUR BANGUNAN BELANDA DAN ARSITEKTUR BANGUNAN JAWA TERHADAP PENERAPAN TEKNIK TIMELAPSE VIDEO (TINJAUAN BANGUNAN CAGAR BUDAYA KOTA SURAKARTA)
Authors: Herlambang Rudy Wicaksono , Lukitasari Diana , Marutama IGN Tri , Pranata Galih
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini mengkaji mengenai bentuk daya tarik antara bangunan cagar budaya peninggalan Belanda dengan bangunan Jawa di Kota Surakarta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengeksplorasi eksotisme yang dihadirkan melalui dua bentuk bangunan yang berbeda, yakni bangunan Belanda dan bangunan Jawa. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi branding melalui video timelapse memberikan daya tarik tersendiri sebagai media kebaharuan dalam dunia promosi era digital. Pada bangunan Belanda Surakarta seperti halnya Benteng Vastenburg, menyimpan sisi elegan dan kekokohan pada bangunan, sedangkan pada arsitektur bangunan Jawa pada bangunan Keraton Surakarta terdapat unsur falsafah sebagai simbol pusat peradaban Jawa di Surakarta.
ASPECTOS DA COMPOSIÇÃO DO BIODIESEL E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A RESISTÊNCIA A CORROSÃO DE LIGAS DE ALUMÍNIO
Authors: Melo da Rocha Susan , Pereira de Carvalho Elisa , Cerqueira da Silva Nathalia , França Pacheco Rodrigo , Soares Filho Laerte , Gaidzinski Roberta , De la Caridad Om Tapanes Neyda , De Carvalho Santana Ana Isabel
Published: August 2020

As ligas de alumínio vêm sendo aplicadas na indústria de transporte e automobilística em virtude de propriedades tais como leveza e resistência à corrosão.  Os biocombustíveis estão entre as alternativas avaliadas para substituir os combustíveis fósseis, pois apresentam como vantagem a biodegradabilidade e são provenientes de fontes renováveis. Esse trabalho realizou uma avaliação da resistência a corrosão de ligas de alumínio em biodiesel de soja, com diferentes concentrações de ácido oleico através de ensaios gravimétricos. Observou-se que a taxa de corrosão das ligas em biodiesel de soja puro é mais significativa nas primeiras horas de imersão, e apresenta uma significativa diminuição em tempos mais longos.  Amostras de biodiesel de soja com teor de 20% de ácido oleico aumentaram a corrosão da liga de alumínio 6061 em comparação com amostras imersas em biodiesel puro.
Comparative study and assessment of the knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacovigilance among first, second and third professional medical students of PMCH, Dhanbad
Authors: Kumari Mona , Choudhary A. K.
Published: August 2020

Background: Pharmacovigilance awareness among medical students is very important for preventing ADR underreporting. Present study was conducted to know extent of Pharmacovigilance awareness among students and impact of Pharmacovigilance teaching.Methods: Questionnaire based study about KAP towards ADR and Pharmacovigilance was carried out at Patliputra Medical College, Dhanbad. Of 150 questionnaires distributed to first, second and third professional students, 106 were returned.Results: Pharmacovigilance Awareness was 20% in 1st, 91% in 2nd and 94% in 3rd Professional students. Only 10% of 1st, 82% of 2nd and 88% of 3rd Professional students knew about Pharmacovigilance and its purpose. Regarding International and National ADR monitoring body, only 7% of 1st, 50% of 2nd and 63% of 3rd professional students knew. Only 13% of 1st, 45% of 2nd and 56% of 3rd Professional students knew about local AMC. 40% of 1st, 86% of 2nd and 88% of 3rd professional students wanted detailed curricular teaching of Pharmacovigilance. 17% of 1st professional students had seen ADR, none (0%) had seen /reported ADR form. Of 2nd and 3rd professional students, 45% and 75% had seen ADR but only 34% and 56% had seen ADR form and 19% and 38% had reported ADR/seen ADR reporting.Conclusions: 2nd and 3rd professional students had better knowledge and attitude towards pharmacovigilance. As 1st professional students underwent pharmacovigilance teaching, their KAP improved significantly. There existed huge gap between ADR experienced and ADR reporting by all medical students.
Evaluation of adverse drug reactions of anti-tubercular drugs in the treatment of tuberculosis in tertiary care hospital
Authors: K. Krishnakanth , A. Jagadeesh , D. Swetha T.
Published: August 2020

Background: Adverse drug reactions are very common among patients on anti-tubercular treatment. Hence, the current study was done to evaluate the adverse drug reaction (ADR) profile in patients receiving anti-tubercular treatment (ATT).Methods: A 6 months prospective, cross-sectional observational study was performed in collaboration with Pulmonology Medicine department. WHO-UMC scale and Naranjo scale was used to evaluate the ADRs.Results: Ninety-two patients receiving ATT presented with 113 adverse drug events (ADE). Males were more affected than females. DOTS category-1 regimen was mostly responsible for ADE. Addition of drugs for the management of ADR events was done.Conclusions: The study results show more ADRs related to ATT demanding increased collaboration between NTEP 2020 and Pharmacovigilance Programme of India to enhance drug safety in this field.
Is depression a concern among medical students: a cross sectional study in different academic years of a private medical college in Bangladesh
Authors: Hamid Farzana , Moosa Syed Ahmad , Quaium Syed Moosa M.A. , Haque A. K. Fazlul
Published: August 2020

Background: Depression is not uncommon among medical students all over the world. Few studies have been conducted so far in Bangladesh to depict its actual prevalence and severity. So, the aim of this study was to assess the severity of depression and the level of difficulty faced by medical students in different academic years.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in North East medical college of Bangladesh from January 2018 to June 2018 involving 443 students from 1st year to 5th year. Students were instructed to fill up the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) which incorporates diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV) depression diagnostic criteria categorized as no, mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression and also evaluates their level of function.Results: The prevalence of depression was quite high (79.68%). 196 (44.24%) and 157 (35.44%) students had mild and major depression respectively, while 90 (20.32%) showed no depression. Students with major depression were scored as moderate depression 24.38%, moderately severe depression 8.35%, and severe depression 2.71%. Moderate depression was significantly higher in year 1 and year 2 students in comparison to year 3, 4 and 5. Students from year 1 to year 5 with mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression experienced varying degree of difficulty in their daily activities. Almost all the students in all years with severe depression found themselves very difficult or extremely difficult to cope.Conclusions: High prevalence of depression among medical students is really alarming and underlying factors need to be addressed.
Dermatology life quality index in psoriasis patients attending a tertiary care hospital: a study from North India
Authors: Shah Faizan Younus , Kitab Ifrah Shafat , Shah Aaqib Aslam , Shah Faisal Younis , Shah Mohd Younus , Ain Qurat ul , Renzu Mahvish
Published: August 2020

Background: Psoriasis affects nearly 1% of the world population. It can be a source of significant morbidity and psychological stress to the patient but is not lethal under ordinary circumstances. Patients suffering from the disease feel a lack of empathy on part of care-givers, family members, healthcare professionals as well as society in general. Dermatology life quality index (DLQI) is a questionnaire-based assessment of health related quality of life in patients suffering from skin disorders and has been seen to correlate well with the impact of the disease on a patient. This study was done to understand the impact of psoriasis on the overall well-being of patients using DLQI as the tool of assessment.Methods: The study included 40 cases of psoriasis that were assessed for the severity of the disease based on percentage body surface area involvement. The impact of disease severity and other factors on the quality of life of the patient was assessed using DLQI.Results: Out of 35 patients with BSA involvement <50% (mild and moderate disease), 28.6% (n=10/35) showed a very large or extremely large effect on the quality of life while no patient with a BSA involvement >50% (severe and very severe disease) reported the same. A small, moderate or no effect on the DLQI was seen in 71.4% (n=25/35) of cases from the mild and moderate disease group while 100% (n=5/5) of cases from severe and very severe disease group reported a similar effect. Thus, DLQI was not directly related to the extent of BSA involvement and was dependent on other factors as well.Conclusion: Age had a correlation with the effect of the disease on the quality of life of psoriasis cases. Patients who were younger were more likely to report stress and anxiety related to the recurrences seen with the disease. Patients with lesions on sites that are socially exposed like face, hands, scalp, etc. were more likely to feel embarrassed about their condition. Younger age, female gender, lesions on exposed sites and recently diagnosed patients (<12 months) were factors which had a significant impact on the health-related quality of life of patients. The severity of disease and extent of involvement were not always directly related to extent of impact on the quality of life.
Posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner reconstruction in patient with multiple ligament injury of the knee: a case report
Authors: Aryana I. Gusti Ngurah Wien , Kermawan Putu
Published: August 2020

The treatment of posterolateral corner (PLC) knee injuries has always been a challenging topic due to the low healing capacity of PLC injuries. Authors performed posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using semitendinosus tendon graft and reconstruction procedure of PLC using free gracilis tendon graft with LaPrade technique in a patient with multiple ligament injury of the knee. A 36-years-old male patient complained of pain on his right knee. On physical examination, the posterior drawer test, dial test, and varus stress test were positive. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on right knee showed that the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), lateral collateral ligament, and popliteofibular ligament were injured but the popliteus tendon was still intact. A semitendinosus tendon was harvested from the ipsilateral pes anserinus region for posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Posterolateral corner reconstruction was done by grafting two gracilis tendons from ipsilateral and contralateral sides using LaPrade technique. The semitendinosus tendon graft had been used for PCL reconstruction in some cases besides the hamstring tendon graft and provides a clinically evident reduction in symptoms and restores satisfactory stability. The LaPrade technique for PLC reconstruction was one of the earliest descriptions of a surgical option to recreate the anatomy of the three main static stabilizers of the PLC.  We reported a reconstructive procedure for PCL and PLC injury of the knee by using semitendinosus and gracilis tendon graft with LaPrade technique.
A comprehensive review of the healthy worker effect in occupational epidemiological studies
Authors: Algarni Fahad Saad
Published: August 2020

The reduction of mortality and morbidity rates among occupational cohort studies may be attributed to the presence of the healthy worker effect (HWE). Occupational epidemiologic studies investigating worker’s health are prone to the risk of having the HWE phenomenon and this special form of bias has been debated over the years. Hence, it’s imperative to explore in-depth the magnitude and sources of HWE, and further, elucidate the factors that may affect HWE and strategies reducing HWE. The HWE should be considered as a mixed bias between selection and confounding bias. The validity threats due to the HWE among morbidity studies are the same as the mortality studies. The consequent reduction due to the HWE in the association between the exposure and outcome may lead to underestimating some harmful exposures in the workplace or occupational settings. Healthy hire effect and healthy worker survivor effect are the main sources of HWE. Several factors can increase or decrease the probability of HWE; therefore, the investigators should consider them among future occupational epidemiological studies. Many strategies can help in reducing the impact of HWE, but each strategy has its weaknesses and strengths. Not all strategies can be applied among all occupational epidemiological studies. Mathematical procedures still need further investigations to be validated. HWE is a consequence of inappropriate comparison groups in nature. The usage of the general population as a reference group is not an appropriate choice. By considering the HWE sources and factors and using appropriate strategies, the impact of HWE may be reduced.
Clinicolaboratory profile and outcome of dengue fever cases in peak season of an academic year among pediatric population admitted to teaching hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Authors: Varghese Deepthy Alice , C. Shivaprakash Sosale , . Keshavmurthy , P. Anusha P. , Reddy Chikkanarasa
Published: August 2020

Background: Dengue is a vector borne diseases with varied clinical manifestations, a major concern to public health globally. This study was done to describe the salient clinical as well as haematological profile of serologically confirmed cases of dengue fever and outcome in admitted cases.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted at major Government teaching Hospitals in Bangalore from July 2019 to December 2019. Total 164 cases of dengue fever were enrolled and classified as per WHO guidelines. The clinical profile and demographic profile was recorded in a structured questionnaire format. Haematological parameters on admission, duration of stay and outcomes were analysed. The outcomes of the cases were mentioned as improved and death.Results: In this study commonly affected age band was adolescents group (36.6%) without any sex predilection. Maximum number of dengue cases were presented with warning signs (87.5%), 14 (8.69%) cases without warning signs and 6 (3.72%) with severe dengue. Fever was the most common symptom (100%), followed by vomiting (58%) and abdominal pain (38.5%). NS1 antigen positive cases (61.5%). Severe Leukopenia was present in 57% of cases and Thrombocytopenia in all admitted patients (100%). Most of the cases were treated with antipyretics, oral fluids (46%) and IV fluids (53%), only single case received platelet transfusion. Duration of stay was more in severe dengue cases. Mortality of our study was 1.8%.Conclusions: Dengue presents with varied clinical features. Community awareness, early diagnosis and management and vector control measures needs to be strengthened in order to reduce the increasing number of dengue case. Both clinical, haematological parameters should be monitored for better outcome.
A study of postnatal foot length to determine gestational maturity in neonates
Authors: Shukla Omprakash S. , Rathva Jagruti J.
Published: August 2020

Background: Gestational age is a major determinant of newborn prognosis. Early identification of gestational age is a major priority to reduce global mortality from preterm birth. Therefore this study was conducted with an aim to find out an alternate simple, low cost and reliable method to identify accurate gestational ages.Methods: The cross sectional study was carried out at Rukmani Chainani Maternity and Neonatal Unit, SSGH and Medical College, Baroda from December 2019 to May 2020. Total 500 live newborns of different gestational ages within 72 hrs of birth which were appropriate for gestational age were enrolled in this study. Foot length, head circumference, crown heel length and weight were measured. Gestational age was estimated by antenatal USG, Ballard scoring and LMP. Correlation of foot length to gestational age and other anthropometric variables was done.Results: There was statistically significant positive correlation found between foot length and gestational age (correlation coefficient of 0.944 and p value of <0.0001). There was also positive correlation found between foot length and weight, head circumference and length with correlation coefficient of 0.942, 0.888 and 0.906, respectively. Using ROC curve, foot length cut-off value of 7.2 cm can be used for identifying preterm babies with sensitivity of 94.4% and specificity of 95.6%. Regression equation for gestational age calculation was GA=6.669+4.0601[FL].Conclusions: This study had demonstrated that Foot length is a simple and reliable anthropometric measurement to assess gestational age and to screen prematurity.
Van der Knaap disease: a case report
Authors: Ramzan Younus , Bukhari Syed Tariq Ahmed , Ashraf Mohd , Kazime Umeair Farooq , Wani Asma
Published: August 2020

Van der Knaap disease or megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is a rare autosomal recessive degenerative disorder characterized by megalocephaly, cerebral leukoencephalopathy, and motor deterioration. Most cases reported with this disease are from our country India, belong to Agarwal community, who have high rates of consanguinity. We report a 4 and 1/2year old boy, with a history of delayed motor milestones, ataxia, increasing head circumference and abnormal body movements, who is belonging to the Bhat family of Handwara town of Kupwara district of Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Role of comprehensive diabetes care in known diabetes patients from Gujarat state
Authors: Sane Rohit , Mandole Rahul , Amin Gurudutt , Ghadigaokar Pravin , Paranjape Sneha , Khan Sadik , Sali Sanjay , Joshi Vishwa , Chhatrodiya Krupa
Published: August 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) stays as one of the audacious worldwide plagues of the twenty-first century. As per an epidemiological study done in Gujarat, prevalence rate of DM was found to be >8%. CDC therapy is Panchkarma based Ayurvedic therapy for the management of DM. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effectiveness of CDC in patients of DM.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at Madhavbaug clinics located in Gujarat, wherein we identified the data of obese patients suffering from type 2 DM (HbA1c ≥6.5%) of either gender and any age. Out of these, data of patients who had been administered CDC with minimum 6 sittings over a span of 12 weeks were considered for the study.Results: Out of 98 patients, number of patients with controlled DM status increased and that with uncontrolled status reduced at week 12, and the mean HbA1c reduced from 8.55 at baseline to 7.15 at week 12 of CDC therapy. Other anthropometric, cardiorespiratory parameters showed statistically significant improvement after 12 week of CDC therapy as compared to baseline, and the consumption of allopathic medications was also significantly reduced.Conclusions: From the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that CDC can serve as effective therapy for management of type 2 DM.
Bacterial etiology of otitis media and their antibiogram among patients attending tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sharma Ashish , Pyadala Nagababu
Published: August 2020

Background: Otitis media is one of the common infection prevalent worldwide. Chronic ear infection in older children can cause hearing loss which leads difficulty in communication, learning and social adjustment. It can result to severe disability, death due to central nervous system disorder in developing countries. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the bacteriological profile and its antibiogram of ear infection.

Methods: This study conducted in ENT department of MNR Medical College and Hospital during the period of October 2019 to January 2020.  

Results: A total of 120 patients were included in this study. Among the total, 70 were adult (58.3%), age group ranges between 20-55 years and 50 were children (41.6%). Bacterial isolates from ear swab included; Staphylococcus aureus 28, Pseudomonas 19, Klebsiella spp 15, Proteus spp 10, Escherichiae coli 7, Enterobacter spp 4 and Citrobacter spp 2. Overall bacteria mostly sensitive to drugs like pipercillin tazobactum (85%), amikacin (90%) and gentamycin (90.2%). Other than these drugs ampicillin (90.1%), cefazolin (90%), cefuroxime (89.4%), ceftriaxone (81%), oxacillin (83.4%), penicillin (88.2%) showed highly resistant to bacterial isolates.

Conclusions: Therefore, it is clear from this study that, most of the prescribed drugs were resistant to bacteria isolated from ear infection. Hence it is mandatory to include culture and sensitivity report to manage the cases of otitis media.
A comparative study on the surgical outcome of submucous resection and septoplasty
Authors: Agaman G. , Kabeer Nowfal A.
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Surgery on a deviated septum has seen several modifications since its inception, starting from radical septal resection to the preservation of the possible septal framework. Deviated nasal septum (DNS) leads to nasal obstruction is a common problem encountered by the Otolaryngologist. Many surgeries are available for correcting septal disorders. The aim of our study is to compare the surgical outcome of submucous resection and septoplasty.

Methods: This prospective comparative single institutional interventional study was conducted in the department of otorhinolaryngology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College between October 2015 to September 2017 to compare the submucous resection and septoplasty. Total of 50 patients who randomly divided into two groups and the treatment protocol and follow up protocol was followed and the outcome results were statistically analysed and discussed.

Results: Out of 50 patients 25 patients had sub mucosal resection and 25 patients had septoplasty. All the 50 patients had nasal obstruction followed by headache present 35 patients, nasal discharge in 6 patients, postnasal drip in 7 patients and hyposmia in 7 patients. Based on endoscopy finding c shaped DNS 43 patients, 7 patients had s-shaped DNS, 7 patients had spur. Based on postoperative symptoms, the nasal block was present in 3 patients.

Conclusion: From this study, we concluded that deviated nasal septum is more common in females of age group 30 years with the most common symptoms is nasal obstruction. Symptom relief is comparatively equal in both the surgeries but the complication is more common in sub mucosal resection.
Intratympanic steroids versus oral steroids in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss, hospital-based study
Authors: Alil Arshed , Shafi Omar Mohammad , Deeba Farah
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Idiopathic Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) is defined as a hearing loss of 30 dB or more, affecting at least 3 consecutive frequencies, occurring within 3 days without any identifiable cause. To find the effectiveness of intratympanic steroid injection (ITS) for hearing recovery and comparing the results with oral steroids therapy. 

Materials and Methods: This prospective study was done in the department of ENT, Govt medical college, Srinagar, over a period of two years. A total 60 patients of ISSHL was selected for the study. Through examination, otoscopy and pure tone audiometry (PTA) was done for all the cases before initiation of therapy. Thirty patients received and thirty patients received oral prednisolone for a protocol-based dose and duration. PTA was repeated every two weeks over duration of two months for documentation of improvement of hearing on pure tone four frequency averages.

Results: Chances of recovery were more with middle ear injection group in 18 patients (60%) in comparison to oral steroids in 14 patients (46.66%). Complete recovery was found in six cases (20%) in injection group and four cases (13.33%) in oral steroid group. The ITS group showed a better control of associated symptoms like dizziness, tinnitus and vertigo are controlled better with ITS (73.33%) than oral steroid group (56.66%). The ITS group showed faster recovery also with lower side effects.

Conclusion: Intratympanic dexamethasone injection is more effective in comparison to oral prednisolone for the management of ISSHL, however larger studies may be required.
A case of retropharyngeal tuberculosis: the simple management of a serious case
Authors: Touiheme Nabil , Cherrabi Koutar , Hmidi Mounir , Nakkabi Ismail , Attifi Hicham , Belatik Hamza , Nadour Karim , Elboukhari Ali
Published: August 2020

The challenge in management of chronic retro-pharyngeal abscess lies in its proximity to vascular and neurological structures, the access to the abscess should be possible after evaluation of neurological stability and integrity of vascular structures. Tuberculous chronic retro-pharyngeal abscess is an unusual situation. And due to its scarcity, it is not considered in differential diagnosis which delays its management: this could lead to permanent neurological deficit and higher rates of mortality. This the case of a young 29-year-old male, already undergoing anti-tuberculosis treatment for 2 months for a tuberculous lymphatitis, and no history of immuno-suppression, presenting with a large retropharyngeal abscess, with no neurological symptoms or any other specific symptoms. The management of this disease can be simple provided the diagnosis is not delayed, the patient had no complications, and the follow up is performed by a team: otolaryngologist, a neurosurgeon and a phthisiology specialist.
 
A rare presentation of left postaural mastoid osteoma
Authors: Sivakumar E. , Swapna C. A. , Karanam Lavanya
Published: August 2020

Osteomas are benign slow growing tumors of mesenchymal origin. Most commonly found along the long bones like proximal shaft of femur around 19% followed by tibia around 10% and head and neck osteomas around 0.1 to 1%. We report a rare case of postaural osteoma in a 44 year old female with cosmetic deformity and discuss its differential diagnoses and treatment protocol. A 44-year-old female presented to ear, nose and throat (ENT) outpatient department (OPD) with complaints of swelling in the left postaural region since 25 years gradually increasing in size. On examination, there was a single swelling in the left post aural region measuring about 4×5×3 (cms) hard in consistency and non-tender. Non contrast computerized tomography (CT) of temporal bone showed well defined extracranial dense sclerotic bony lesion arising from mastoid part of left temporal bone likely osteoma. Patient planned for excision and histopathological examination was consistent with osteoma. In conclusion, though osteoma in mastoid bone is a very rare possibility still it should be kept in consideration in the list of differential diagnoses of the tumors of temporal bone. We highlight the need for a careful clinical evaluation supported by radiologic and histopathological investigations which will help in the diagnosis, resulting in better prognosis.
Injection of platelet rich plasma for low backpain caused by lumbar disc degeneration: a prospective study
Authors: Shanmugam M. , . Shivakumar
Published: August 2020

Background: Though the etiologies of chronic low back pain can be diverse, lumbar disc degeneration is one of the important causes of low backpain. In intractable cases of low back pain surgical interventions may be warranted. Intradiscal injection of platelet rich plasma is emerging as a novel treatment modality for chronic backpain and has been reported to have good results in terms of reduction of pain and improvement in functional abilities.

Methods: This was a prospective study in which 30 patients with chronic low back pain were included. Platelet rich plasma was injected in nucleus pulposus of the affected part of lumbar spine under fluoroscopic control. Patients were followed up for 3 months. Reduction in severity of pain and functional improvement was assessed by Visual Analogue Scores (VAS) and Roland-Morris Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire (RDQ) scores.

Results: The Mean age of the male patients was found to be 50.05±9.04 while the mean age of females was found to be 48.50±10.19. 18 (60%) patients were either overweight or obese. Remaining 12 (40%) patients had a normal BMI. The difference between mean VAS scores and RDQ scores at presentation and 3 months after PRP injection was found to be statistically highly significant (p<0.0001).

Conclusions: The intradiscal injection of platelet rich plasma in patients with low back pain secondary to lumbar disc degeneration is effective in reducing back pain and causing significant functional improvement.
A study of clinical patterns of cutaneous manifestations among hotel workers in costal Karnataka
Authors: Bhandary Pradyumna R. , K. Sanath P. , Kothamasu Sowmya , Shetty Supreetha S. , Senapathi Pradeep
Published: August 2020

Background: Catering personnel and other workers exposed to foods may develop both type I and type IV allergic contact dermatitis to foods including spices. Cutaneous manifestations vary according to the place that a worker is employed. Studies on the cutaneous manifestations among restaurant and dhaba workers in India are scarce. This study was conducted to determine clinical patterns of cutaneous manifestations among hotel workers in costal Karnataka.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out among workers of hotels situated in costal Karnataka. Study was conducted through Department of Dermatology, A. J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore. Consecutive type of non-probability sampling was used for selection of study subjects. A total of 1083 hotel workers from 53 randomly selected hotels, fulfilling eligibility criteria, were included in the study.

Results: The prevalence of dermatological manifestations was observed as 34.2% (370/1083) in hotel workers. Prevalence of fungal and bacterial infections was 51.4% and 17.6% respectively. Scabies was found in 6.8% subjects while oral manifestation and nail changes were observed in 3.8% and 2.2% subjects.

Conclusion: High prevalence of dermatological manifestations was present in hotel workers especially infective skin conditions like Tinea cruris and scabies. This is important, as they can be a potential source for spread of the infection. There is lot of scope for improving the standards of personal hygiene of hotel workers. Owners of establishments should be made aware of importance of pre-placement and periodical medical examination in order to protect the health of consumer.
Marginal acrokeratoderma: a case series
Authors: Ibekwe Perpetua U. , Ogunbiyi Adebola O.
Published: August 2020

Marginal acrokeratoderma (MAK) are complex disorders characterized by distribution of cornified papules/plaques along the dorso-plantar and dorso-palmar junction of the feet and hands. They belong to the family of punctate palmoplantar keratoderma. No associated gene defect has been detected. There are two clinically identical types of hereditary/familial MAK; namely acrokeratoelastoidosis (AKE) and focal acral hyperkeratosis (FAH); differentiated by the presence of elastorrehexis in AKE. The aim of this article is to report MPK lesions that are not included in the familiar groupings of punctate and polygonal papules. We described thirteen cases and reviewed the literature. Average age at presentation was 24 years, age ranged from 5 to 79 years. Majority of our cases had lesions on only their feet, that of FAH had lesions on only their hands and AKE had lesions on both hands and feet. Although most lesions reported in literature with FAH and AKE were characterized as 2-5mm flesh-colored to yellowish flat-topped/polygonal, keratotic/punctate papules, coalescing into plaques, we also reported lesions that were keratotic with cracks, desquamating and cobble-stone in appearance. This case series calls for more studies on variations in clinical presentation of MAK lesions and an opportunity to revisit the genetic basis and investigate triggers of this rare disorder.
Early onset chilblain lupus erythematosus with atypical presentation in an Indian girl
Authors: Puri Neerja , Alagappan Anjugam , Brar Balvinder Kaur
Published: August 2020

Chilblain lupus erythematosus (Chilblain LE) is a rare form of lupus erythematosus with only 70 cases reported worldwide with most of the patients in middle age and very few cases in adolescent age group. Herein, we are reporting a 16 years old girl presented with an early age of onset at 10 years with atypical presentation who fulfilled Mayo clinic diagnostic criteria for Chilblain LE.
Novel treatment modality in a case of resistant erythromelalgia
Authors: Kharkar Vidya D. , Bose Agni K. , Khade Pandharinath K.
Published: August 2020

Erythromelalgia presents with redness, pain and warmth of the extremities, which is exacerbated by warming and relieved by cooling. Treatment of pain in erythromelalgia can be difficult, and often polypharmacy is utilized. No single therapy has been found to provide complete relief for any patient. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is required to treat pain and its significant negative impact across many domains of functioning. A 21 year old male diagnosed case of primary erythromelalgia since 5 years, presented multiple times with recurrent pain and erythema in bilateral lower limbs. Patient was treated initially with oral antibiotics, tramadol and prednisolone, without relief. Aspirin, amitriptyline, pregabalin, carbamazepine, atenolol were later added which gave him partial relief. Epidural caudal catheter with daily infusion of anesthesia was added along with topical buprenorphine patch when conservative polypharmacy failed to provide complete relief and later unilateral lumbar sympathectomy was done as a last resort. Adding pentoxifylline and compression therapy improved the patient’s condition drastically and complete remission is in progress. The patient required a multidisciplinary approach for pain management and surgical intervention was required due to his refractory nature. However, this also does not give complete relief and thus a combination of both medical and surgical methods is required for best control of symptoms.
Evaluating Business Letter Writing Materials Through Peer Teaching Technique To Management Department Students Of Economics Faculty At The Tridinanti University Of Palembang
Authors: RONI RUSMAN
Published: August 2020

The current  study was aimed to find out whether the developing business letter writing materials through peer editing technique  were valid, practical and had potential effect for the management students of Faculty of Economics at Tridinanti University of Palembang. Developmental research proposed by Akker  i.e analysis, design, evaluation and revision was applied in this study. In the evaluation phase, formative evaluation model proposed by Tressmer was used (i.eself evaluation, expert review, one to one small group and field test). There were 3 students participating in one to one evaluation, 9 students in small group and one class (34 students) i field test. There were also two validators in reviewing the developing business letter writing materials through peer editing technique . One was expert of content and another one was expert in  instructional design. The result of experts judgement showed that the product was valid with average score was 89.2 categorized in good validity. The product was practical with average score in one to one evaluation was 84.3 and in small group phase was 86.8. the effectiveness of the product could be seen from the average score of students’achievement in field test. The score was 92.8 meaning that the score was higher than the criterion of minimal mastery (KKM) of developing business letter writing materials through peer editing technique. Therefore, the product had potential effect categorized in very good level.It could be used for the better improvement and contribution in the field of ESP language teaching and learning.
A FORÇA DE TRABALHO DA ENFERMAGEM BRASILEIRA E A PANDEMIA DO COVID-19
Authors: Gonçalves Lúcia Hisako Takase
Published: August 2020

Nos dias atuais, encontramo-nos atônitos assistindo, no mundo todo e no país, ao desenrolar dessa pandemia do covid-19. E... o que observamos?   Quem está na linha de frente cuidando das vítimas do corona vírus, em todos os cantos do Brasil? É a enfermagem, esse corpo de enfermagem representado por enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, sempre atuantes em quaisquer circunstâncias de atendimento dos pacientes, desde unidades de pronto atendimento a hospitais, expostos a toda sorte de riscos decorrentes da precariedade dos serviços de saúde.  Destaquem-se aqui as más condições de trabalho dos profissionais da enfermagem, que sequer dispõem dos Equipamentos de Proteção Individual adequados, para o seu mais longo plantão de 8 ou 12 horas diárias junto aos pacientes.
The main results of work on the selection of gourds in the Volgograd Trans-Volga region
Authors: Varivoda E. A. , Koleboshina T. G. , Verbickaya L. N.
Published: August 2020

Relevance. One of the main methods for solving the problem of providing the population of the Russian Federation with vegetable and melon products is the development of selection and seed production. The creation of new competitive varieties and hybrids will enable the vegetable industry to transfer to a qualitatively new level of development.

Material and methods.The object of research is new varieties and hybrids of watermelon, melon and pumpkin, created at the Bykov experimental station in the rainfed conditions of the Volgograd TransVolga region. Methods of creation are intervarietal and interlinear hybridization.

Results and conclusions.As a result of breeding work at the station, a number of varieties and heterosis hybrids of melons and gourds were created, which significantly expanded the assortment of the melon breeding industry. Over the past 5 years, 4 varieties of watermelon, 2 heterotic hybrids of watermelon, 3 varieties of melon and 1 grade of pumpkin have been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements. The assortment of new varieties varies in terms of ripening, dry matter content, shape and color of the fruit background, as well as in color and pulp consistency. The length of the growing season of the created varieties and hybrids of watermelon ranges from 63 days in early ripening (Duet F1, Temp F1, Meteor) to 85 in the mid-ripening variety Malachite. The highest solids content of the new variety of watermelon Medunok is up to 14%. Among melon varieties, the shortest growing season is characterized by the Comet variety up to 70 days. All varieties have a high solids content of 14.0-19.0% and a thick flesh. Promising pumpkin varieties are distinguished by a bright coloration of the pulp, a high carotene content and a long storage period. Thus, the introduction of new varieties of gourds in commodity and home garden melon farming will allow the conveyor growing of products, increase the product mix and the period of consumption of fresh produce.
Plant of Lamiaceae family for cultivation at the vertical hydroponic installation
Authors: Balashova I. T. , Bespalko L. V. , Molchanova A. V. , Pinchuk E. V. , Maschenko N. E.
Published: August 2020

Relevance. Vertical farming – is a new and advanced direction in greenhouse vegetable cultivation. Expansion biodiversity of plants for vertical farming occur with help of green leafy vegetables. Plants of Lamiaceae family are well known as aromatic and medicinal plants with high content of substances with antioxidant activity. It allows use these plants as a base for the functional nutrition. Leafy parts the plants of Lamiaceae family may be used as aromatic and healthy additions to traditional foods, such as salads, soups and sauces.  Goal of the study: analysis the biochemical composition of leafy parts plants of Lamiaceaefamily, cultivated at the multi circle hydroponic construction.

Materials and methods. 1) Plants: Monarda fistulosa L. (the breeding sample №5 U.P.), Monarda citriodora Cerv. ex Lag. (Simka variety), Melissa officinalisL. (Zhemchuzhina variety). 2) secondary metabolites: flavonoid glycoside linarozid and steroid glycoside moldstim.

Methods. 1) cultivation of plants Lamiaceae family at the 5 circles hydroponic construction; 2) analytic methods: determination of dry matter content, determination of ascorbic acid content, determination sum of chlorophylls and carotenoids, determination sum of antioxidants; 3) statistical methods. Results. First experiment the cultivation of plants Lamiaceae family at the multi circle hydroponic construction was successful. Location of plants at different circles of hydroponic installation didn’t influence the content of dry matter, ascorbic acid and sum of chlorophylls in leafy parts of plants Monarda fistulosaL. The content of dry matter and sum of antioxidants in leafy parts of Monarda fistulosaL. plants of the first cutting is significantly higher than of other cuttings. So, we can recommend the leaves of Monarda fistulosa L. plants of the first cutting for the healthy additions in the scheme of the functional nutrition. Seed treatment with water solutions of secondary metabolites changed significantly the weight of leaves: it was increased in Monarda citriodoraCerv. ex Lag. and in Melissa officinalisL.
English as a We-Code: form and Function of English in Facebook Status Updates of Non-Native Female and Male Users
Authors: Dąbrowska Marta
Published: August 2020

The English language has featured markedly as a popular language of computer-mediated communication, and notably of Facebook posts, written not only by native or second language speakers, but also users of English as a foreign language. The aim of this paper is to investigate the frequency, form and function of English language Facebook profile updates of 110 (55 women and 55 men) users of English representing 41 European, Asian, African and Latin American countries belonging to the Expanding Circle. Approached from the point of view of the code choice as well as the users’ gender, and supported by an online survey data, the study analyses in detail the form of the updates in connection with gender preferences and identifies language contexts and functions users choose to express themselves in English as opposed to their native tongue, thereby demonstrating the role of English as a we-code in a social networking service.
Metaphors and Legal Language: a Few Comments on Ordinary, Specialised and Legal Meaning
Authors: Wojtczak Sylwia , Witczak-Plisiecka Iwona
Published: August 2020

The present text offers a few comments on the metaphorical dimension of legal language and the nature of legal language as such. The authors discuss selected metaphors in the context of the Polish legislation with the aim to show how the metaphorical dimension of language can be used and abused. It is also demonstrated that the metaphorical dimension of language can cross-cut the interface between language and law on different levels. There are metaphors in legal texts that can be deliberately used to emphasise or cover selected aspects of meaning, and others that can just happen to act irrespective of any premeditated action on the part of the legislator. Finally, in a wider perspective, it is shown that the relation between ordinary language and the language of the law, i.e. ordinary meaning and legal meaning, may itself be seen as a relation between two domains within which metaphorical mapping takes place. It is claimed that the divide between the realm of law and the “real world” goes beyond a trivial division relative to expertise in the law and expertise in legal discourse, but can be better understood as the division between the legal community and the non-legal community including the academia where linguists reside.