bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Banhasasim-Tang Using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS and UHPLC-TQ-MS/MS
Authors: Jang Seol , Hwang Youn-Hwan
Published: July 2024

In this study, we analyzed the components of Banhasasim-tang (BHSST), a traditional prescription used to treat gastrointestinal disorders. Qualitative analysis was performed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS), and a total of 42 compounds were accurately and unambiguously identified by comparison with the corresponding reference standards and mass spectrometry (MS) results. A simultaneous quantitative method for analysis of the 22 identified compounds was established using UHPLC coupled with a triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer (UHPLC-TQ-MS/MS) in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The established method was validated in terms of linearity (R2, 0.9990–0.9996), recovery (RSD, 0.37–3.60%), and intraday/interday precision (RSD, 0.35–8.90%). This method was applied to three batches of BHSST samples and revealed that two flavonoids from S. baicalensis, baicalin and wagonoside, were the most abundant components. This study presents the first comprehensive method for simultaneously identifying and quantifying the components of BHSST. Our method offers a valuable tool for the quality control of BHSST and serves as a foundational reference for further research on similar preparations.
Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Natural Compounds from Capuchin (Tropaeolum majus) Leaves and Seeds
Authors: Corrêa Gabriel , Souza Michel Rubens dos Reis , Nascimento Eduardo Soares , Rodrigues Bjerk Thiago , Goncalves José Eduardo , Moritz Cristiane Mengue Feniman , Sakai Otávio Akira , Silva Erivaldo Antônio da , Santos Renivaldo José dos , da Silva Edson Antônio , Cardozo-Filho Lucio , Zanette Andreia Fatima , Ferreira-Pinto Leandro
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the supercritical CO2 extraction of oils from capuchin (Tropaeolum majus) seeds (4.34% moisture content) and leaves (5.26% moisture content) and analyzed the effects of varying temperature and pressure conditions. The extraction yields were 3% for the seeds and 2% for the leaves. The seed extracts were rich in oleic, linoleic, and palmitic fatty acids, whereas the leaf extracts contained a high concentration of octacosanol (73.37%). Kinetic analysis revealed distinct mass transfer mechanisms during extraction, and the Sovová model effectively described the extraction kinetics, showing good agreement with experimental data (ADD% < 4%). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated the impact of temperature and pressure on the yields, with temperature being the most influential factor. The experimental conditions ranged from 22 to 28 MPa and from 313.15 to 333.15 K. This study contributes to the understanding of capuchin oil extraction and its potential applications in various fields, owing to the presence of bioactive compounds.
Innovations and New Processes in the Olive Oil Industry
Authors: Sánchez Villasclaras Sebastián , García Martín Juan Francisco
Published: July 2024

The olive oil industry, one of the largest industries in the Mediterranean basin and in other countries around the world, is fundamentally composed of olive groves, olive oil mills, pomace oil extraction plants, and oil refineries [...]
Recent Progress in Non-Aqueous Biocatalysis of Immobilized Enzymes
Authors: Ma Jiayun , Wang Luyao , Chu Yan , Wang Yitong , Chen Kequan , Li Hui
Published: July 2024

Non-aqueous biocatalysis has attracted broad interest recently due to its differences from traditional aqueous catalysis and increased substrate solubility, which reduces feedback inhibition, improving enantiomer selectivity and completing synthesis reactions that cannot be performed in an aqueous solution. This approach shows remarkable application value in producing natural products, chemical products, pharmaceutical intermediates, and foods. This study aims to provide a concise overview of the current state of non-aqueous biocatalysis and its sustainability, summarizing the mechanism of non-aqueous biocatalysis and recent progress using immobilization technology. It includes different non-aqueous systems, such as organic phase systems, two-phase systems, ionic liquid systems, deep eutectic solvent systems, and non-solvent systems. Finally, this manuscript illustrates the challenges of non-aqueous catalysis and the prospects of the future areas of non-aqueous catalysis research.
Overpressure of Deep Jurassic System in the Central Junggar Basin and Its Influence on Petroleum Accumulation
Authors: Liu Huimin , Wang Qianjun , Ren Xincheng , Zhang Yuejing , Zhang Guanlong , Chen Lin , Chai Zhi , Chen Zhonghong
Published: July 2024

New discoveries and breakthroughs have been made in recent years in the deep parts of the central Junggar Basin, where the Jurassic reservoirs are unconventionally dense with abnormal overpressure development. The development and distribution of overpressure in this basin and the influence of overpressure on petroleum accumulation were analyzed. There are two extremely high overpressure systems in the Jurassic Badaowan and Xishangyao formations, from where the abnormal overpressure in the strata overburdened Jurassic reservoirs was transferred. Paleopressure simulations show that hydrocarbon generation pressurization of the main source rocks in the Badaowan Formation is a process characterized by at least two phases of overpressure increase followed by a phase of overpressure release. Overpressure inhibits the thermal evolution of source rocks in the study area, resulting in lower values of maturity parameter Ro at depths > 4500 m compared with the normal values at depths < 4500 m. The deep reservoirs > 4500 m are very dense, with strong compaction and little retention of primary pore space, indicating the overpressure did not protect the primary pores, while the over-pressured acidic fluid promoted the formation of dissolved pore space. Overpressure and faults are two key factors of petroleum migration, and they jointly control petroleum accumulation in the central Junggar Basin.
An Investigation into Sustainable Solutions: Utilizing Hydrated Lime Derived from Oyster Shells as an Eco-Friendly Alternative for Semiconductor Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Lee Hye-Jin , Lee Sang-Eun , Kim Seokhwi
Published: July 2024

Due to its acidic nature and high fluoride concentration, hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2) is commonly used for neutralization and fluoride control in semiconductor wastewater treatment. This study investigated the efficacy of treating high fluoride-containing wastewater using hydrated lime derived from oyster shells as an alternative to limestone. Overall, the characteristics of removing pollutants in acidic wastewater using shell-based hydrated lime showed similar patterns to hydrated lime from limestone. The treatment efficiency was 50% or less under theoretical Ca/F molar ratio (=0.5) conditions for the formation of fluorite (CaF2), while the fluorine removal rate reached 99% under somewhat higher Ca/F conditions due to the influence of ionic components in the wastewater. Interestingly, chloride content did not increase even in the initial reaction stages, in contrast to our concerns about oyster shells generally containing salt to a certain extent due to their growth in seawater; instead, the chloride concentration decreased over time, similar to nitrate (NO3−). In controlling fluoride in wastewater, surpassing the theoretical Ca/F molar ratio, particularly considering the presence of other anionic species such as SO4²− and PO4³−, the optimal Ca/F ratio for fluoride removal was found to be 1.59. This value is approximately 16% lower than the calculated value (Ca/F = 1.85) when accounting for other anions. X-ray diffraction results confirmed the presence of CaSO4, Ca3(PO4)2, and CaF2 in the precipitate recovered after the reaction, indicating the effective removal of ionic contaminants. This observation suggests that oyster shell-derived hydrated lime could serve as a viable calcium resource for treating acidic wastewater and represents a potential alternative to traditional limestone-based methods.
Smart Industrial Internet of Things Framework for Composites Manufacturing
Authors: Chai Boon Xian , Gunaratne Maheshi , Ravandi Mohammad , Wang Jinze , Dharmawickrema Tharun , Di Pietro Adriano , Jin Jiong , Georgakopoulos Dimitrios
Published: July 2024

Composite materials are increasingly important in making high-performance products. However, contemporary composites manufacturing processes still encounter significant challenges that range from inherent material stochasticity to manufacturing process variabilities. This paper proposes a novel smart Industrial Internet of Things framework, which is also referred to as an Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) framework for composites manufacturing. This framework improves production performance through real-time process monitoring and AI-based forecasting. It comprises three main components: (i) an array of temperature, heat flux, dielectric, and flow sensors for data acquisition from production machines and products being made, (ii) an IoT-based platform for instantaneous sensor data integration and visualisation, and (iii) an AI-based model for production process forecasting. Via these components, the framework performs real-time production process monitoring, visualisation, and prediction of future process states. This paper also presents a proof-of-concept implementation of the framework and a real-world composites manufacturing case study that showcases its benefits.
GCN-Based LSTM Autoencoder with Self-Attention for Bearing Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Lee Daehee , Choo Hyunseung , Jeong Jongpil
Published: July 2024

The manufacturing industry has been operating within a constantly evolving technological environment, underscoring the importance of maintaining the efficiency and reliability of manufacturing processes. Motor-related failures, especially bearing defects, are common and serious issues in manufacturing processes. Bearings provide accurate and smooth movements and play essential roles in mechanical equipment with shafts. Given their importance, bearing failure diagnosis has been extensively studied. However, the imbalance in failure data and the complexity of time series data make diagnosis challenging. Conventional AI models (convolutional neural networks (CNNs), long short-term memory (LSTM), support vector machine (SVM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)) face limitations in diagnosing such failures. To address this problem, this paper proposes a bearing failure diagnosis model using a graph convolution network (GCN)-based LSTM autoencoder with self-attention. The model was trained on data extracted from the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) dataset and a fault simulator testbed. The proposed model achieved 97.3% accuracy on the CWRU dataset and 99.9% accuracy on the fault simulator dataset.
YOLOv7-Branch: A Jujube Leaf Branch Detection Model for Agricultural Robot
Authors: Jing Ruijun , Xu Jijiang , Liu Jingkai , He Xiongwei , Zhao Zhiguo
Published: July 2024

The intelligent harvesting technology for jujube leaf branches presents a novel avenue for enhancing both the quantity and quality of jujube leaf tea, whereas the precise detection technology for jujube leaf branches emerges as a pivotal factor constraining its development. The precise identification and localization of jujube leaf branches using real-time object detection technology are crucial steps toward achieving intelligent harvesting. When integrated into real-world scenarios, issues such as the background noise introduced by tags, occlusions, and variations in jujube leaf morphology constrain the accuracy of detection and the precision of localization. To address these issues, we describe a jujube leaf branch object detection network based on YOLOv7. First, the Polarized Self-Attention module is embedded into the convolutional layer, and the Gather-Excite module is embedded into the concat layer to incorporate spatial information, thus achieving the suppression of irrelevant information such as background noise. Second, we incorporate implicit knowledge into the Efficient Decoupled Head and replace the original detection head, enhancing the network’s capability to extract deep features. Third, to address the issue of imbalanced jujube leaf samples, we employ Focal-EIoU as the bounding box loss function to expedite the regression prediction and enhance the localization accuracy of the model’s bounding boxes. Experiments show that the precision of our model is 85%, which is increased by 3.5% compared to that of YOLOv7-tiny. The mAP@0.5 value is 83.7%. Our model’s recognition rate, recall and mean average precision are superior to those of other models. Our method could provide technical support for yield estimation in the intelligent management of jujube orchards.
Temperature Dependence of the Thermo-Optic Coefficient of GeO2-Doped Silica Glass Fiber
Authors: Rego Gaspar Mendes
Published: July 2024

In this paper we derived an expression that allows the determination of the thermo-optic coefficient of weakly-guiding germanium-doped silica fibers, based on the thermal behavior of optical fiber devices, such as, fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). The calculations rely on the full knowledge of the fiber parameters and on the temperature sensitivity of FBGs. In order to validate the results, we estimated the thermo-optic coefficient of bulk GeO2 glass at 293 K and 1.55 μm to be 18.3 × 10−6 K−1. The determination of this value required to calculate a correction factor which is based on the knowledge of the thermal expansion coefficient of the fiber core, the Pockels’ coefficients (p11 = 0.125, p12 = 0.258 and p44 = −0.0662) and the Poisson ratio (ν = 0.161) of the SMF-28 fiber. To achieve that goal, we estimated the temperature dependence of the thermal expansion coefficient of GeO2 and we discussed the dispersion and temperature dependence of Pockels’ coefficients. We have presented expressions for the dependence of the longitudinal and transverse acoustic velocities on the GeO2 concentration used to calculate the Poisson ratio. We have also discussed the dispersion of the photoelastic constant. An estimate for the temperature dependence of the thermo-optic coefficient of bulk GeO2 glass is presented for the 200–300 K temperature range.
Enhancing Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Enabled Cognitive Radio Networks for Sixth Generation and Beyond: Performance Analysis and Parameter Optimization
Authors: Tran Huu Q. , Lee Byung Moo
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we propose a novel system integrating reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) with cognitive radio (CR) technology, presenting a forward-looking solution aligned with the evolving standards of 6G and beyond networks. The proposed RIS-assisted CR networks operate with a base station (BS) transmitting signals to two users, the primary user (PU) and secondary user (SU), through direct and reflected signal paths, respectively. Our mathematical analysis focuses on deriving expressions for SU in the RIS-assisted CR system, validated through Monte Carlo simulations. The investigation covers diverse aspects, including the impact of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), power allocations, the number of reflected surfaces, and blocklength variations. The results provide nuanced insights into RIS-assisted CR system performance, highlighting its sensitivity to factors like the number of reflectors, fading severity, and correlation coefficient. Careful parameter selection, such as optimizing the configuration of reflectors, is shown to prevent a complete outage, showcasing the system’s robustness. Additionally, the work suggests that the optimization of reflectors configuration can significantly enhance overall system performance, and RIS-assisted CR systems outperform reference schemes. This work contributes a thorough analysis of the proposed system, offering valuable insights for efficient performance evaluation and parameter optimization in RIS-assisted CR networks.
An Empirical Study on the Effect of Training Data Perturbations on Neural Network Robustness
Authors: Wang Jie , Wu Zili , Lu Minyan , Ai Jun
Published: July 2024

The vulnerability of modern neural networks to random noise and deliberate attacks has raised concerns about their robustness, particularly as they are increasingly utilized in safety- and security-critical applications. Although recent research efforts were made to enhance robustness through retraining with adversarial examples or employing data augmentation techniques, a comprehensive investigation into the effects of training data perturbations on model robustness remains lacking. This paper presents the first extensive empirical study investigating the influence of data perturbations during model retraining. The experimental analysis focuses on both random and adversarial robustness, following established practices in the field of robustness analysis. Various types of perturbations in different aspects of the dataset are explored, including input, label, and sampling distribution. Single-factor and multi-factor experiments are conducted to assess individual perturbations and their combinations. The findings provide insights into constructing high-quality training datasets for optimizing robustness and recommend the appropriate degree of training set perturbations that balance robustness and correctness, and contribute to understanding model robustness in deep learning and offer practical guidance for enhancing model performance through perturbed retraining, promoting the development of more reliable and trustworthy deep learning systems for safety-critical applications.
Technology for Aiding the Cyanide Leaching of Gold Ores
Authors: Han Jiahong , Dai Shujuan , Deng Jiushuai , Que Shandong , Zhou Yugao
Published: July 2024

Cyanide leaching technology was studied for low-grade oxidized gold ores in Guangxi Province. The gold grade of the raw ores was 1.32 g/t. The gold leaching rate was 90.91% under the optimal conditions for the following conventional leaching process: using steel forging as the grinding medium, a grinding fineness of −0.074 mm accounting for 92.53%, a stirring speed of 1500 r/min, a pulp leaching concentration of 28.57%, a pH value of 10.5, a temperature of 25 °C, a leaching time of 24 h, and a potassium cyanide consumption of 4 kg/t. A new type of mixed aid-leaching agent (0.6 kg/t) was used, with a dosage of potassium cyanide of 2 kg/t. All else being equal, the gold leaching rate increased by 2.17% to 93.20% after 18 h of aid leaching compared to that of conventional leaching for 28 h. Meanwhile, the amount of potassium cyanide used was reduced by 50%. The aid-leaching agents restored the surface activity of passivated gold particles and depressed the adsorption of gold and its complexes by gangue minerals. This approach could shorten the leaching time and increase the gold leaching rate.
The Influence of the Pandemic on the Affective States of School Principals and Teachers: A Comparative Study between South Africa and Latvia
Authors: van Jaarsveld Leentjie , Latsone Lasma , Wolhuter Charl , Challens Branwen
Published: July 2024

This study explores the extensive influence of COVID-19 on the affective states of school principals and teachers. A comparative, qualitative study was conducted on Latvian and South African participants’ experiences during the pandemic, with a focus on leadership, change, extra workload, ICT, and uncertainty. A total of 59 participants from rural, urban, and private schools in both countries took part in this study. Data were collected by conducting interviews with open-ended questions after which themes were identified and grouped. The results demonstrated that the states of mind of Latvian school principals and teachers were more affected than those of South Africans for whom vaccination was not compulsory. Furthermore, it was found that technological adaptation was easier for Latvian than for South African educators. The role of the Department of Education has evoked mixed feelings. Leadership, and the lack of it, also influenced the affective states of school principals and teachers. Emotional support from society, family, and colleagues was experienced differently in Latvia than in South Africa. The results of this study revealed that a pandemic can be experienced differently by principals and teachers but also that there are similarities in these experiences, as no one is ever completely prepared for the effects of a pandemic.
Acceptability and Feasibility of Portable Eye-Tracking Technology within a Children’s Dynamic Sport Context: An Exploratory Study with Boys Who Play Grassroots Football
Authors: Fitton Davies Katie , Heering Theresa , Watts Matt , Duncan Michael J.
Published: July 2024

Teaching practices are moving from decontextualised to more representative curricula. Although this is argued to be a positive step, low motor competence is a continual issue in primary-aged school children. One methodological approach to investigate ways to improve motor competence, eye tracking, is moving to more representative tasks. So far, eye-tracking research using static activities has demonstrated a positive association between motor competence and earlier fixation and longer duration. However, this research has been constrained to laboratory settings and tasks, or discrete activities (e.g., throw and catch). This study seeks to understand how to conduct more representative eye-tracking research in primary school-aged children. To this end, thirteen 10–11-year-old children were fitted with an eye-tracker during a typical football coaching session. Children were asked acceptability-based questions, and eye-gaze data were captured to illustrate what children attended to under a representative dynamic football-based activity. Based on the voices of children and captured eye-gaze data, six practical implications for research in this population are proposed: (1) conduct eye-tracking research indoors (where possible); (2) ensure long hair or fringes are secured so as not to obscure line of sight; (3) run the same activity to increase comparability across children wearing the eye-tracker; (4) use a properly fitted backpack (if a backpack is to be used); (5) assure children about the capability and hardiness of the eye-tracker, as they do not need to change the way they move; (6) explain there may be some discomfort with the nose clip, head strap, and battery weight and ensure that children wish to continue.
Land Management Scale and Net Carbon Effect of Farming in China: Spatial Spillover Effects and Threshold Characteristics
Authors: Wu Wenjin , Yu Qianlei , Chen Yaping , Guan Jun , Gu Yule , Guo Anqi , Wang Hao
Published: July 2024

The net carbon effect of farming is crucial for climate change mitigation, yet there is insufficient research on the impact of land management scale on it in China. This study aims to explore the magnitude and role of land management scale on the net carbon effect of farming at the spatial level, including threshold characteristics. Unlike previous studies focused on the domestic agricultural economy, this study employs ecological findings to calculate carbon sinks and certain carbon emissions. The carbon-balance ratio is used to characterise the net carbon effect of farming. The spatial Durbin model and threshold regression model were utilised with a sample of 30 provincial-level regions in China from 2004 to 2019. The results indicate that national farming generally exhibits a net sink effect, with significant interannual fluctuations. After applying robust standard errors, the expansion of the land management scale significantly increases sinks and reduces emissions, and it has a positive spatial spillover effect on the carbon-balance ratio, demonstrating significant spatial heterogeneity. Furthermore, as the land management scale expands, the influence of rural residents’ income and education level on the carbon-balance ratio changes direction, showing significant non-linear relationship characteristics.
Research on Sustainable Development Strategy of Energy Internet System in Xiongan New Area of China Based on PEST-SWOT-ANP Model
Authors: Li Mengkun , Yang Chenzhuo , Zhang Lu , Fan Rui
Published: July 2024

The construction of China’s Xiongan New Area aims to create a smart city characterized by green, low-carbon, intelligent information, livability, business-friendliness, and harmony between humans and nature, with energy Internet services as a crucial foundation. Using macro-environmental (PEST), situational (SWOT) analyses and ANP analysis, this research explores the sustainability of Xiongan’s energy Internet system. The findings reveal that economic factors are particularly significant, with “abundance and easy extraction of resources” being the primary strength (12.25%). The most pronounced weakness is “insufficient integration of the Internet with energy”, a social factor (52.60%). Opportunities are mainly economic, with “strong financial support” as the primary driver (46.58%). Technological barriers, such as “monopolistic practices hindering progress”, are the chief threat (38.73%). This comprehensive analysis forms the basis for proposing targeted sustainable development strategies for Xiongan’s energy Internet system, offering valuable insights for similar initiatives elsewhere.
The Methodology for Assessing the 15 Minute Age-Friendly Walkability (AFW) of Urban Public Spaces
Authors: Zysk Elżbieta , Zalewska Katarzyna
Published: July 2024

Recent decades have witnessed noticeable demographic changes around the world. The global population has continued to increase steadily and, according to forecasts, the trend will be maintained in the coming decades. An increase in the 60+ population is yet another important demographic change. These determinants pose new challenges for socio-economic, spatial, and transport policies in most, if not all, cities in the world. These policies should be aligned with the global development paradigm to promote sustainable development and sustainable improvement of the quality of life of the present and future generations. In the coming years, the potential of cities should be recognized, resources should be managed rationally, effective spatial policies should be implemented, and user-friendly spaces should be created to promote the development of effectively managed urban areas. Cities are often compared to living organisms, which is why social mobility is a crucial determinant of urban development and is often used in assessments of cities. To address the above needs, a universal and innovative methodology for assessing the age-friendly walkability (AFW) of urban public spaces was developed and tested in the present study. The methodology was developed based on a review of the current trends in age-friendly cities, a survey of the target population, and a self-designed concept for evaluating the walkability of pedestrian routes in public space. The proposed methodology not only contributes to the existing knowledge but also has practical implications because it was tested in a Polish city to classify the 15 minute walkability of pedestrian routes and to identify Strategic Intervention Areas for the 60+ population (SAI 60+). This innovative approach to walkable urban public spaces is a simple tool for developing senior-friendly planning solutions in cities. The developed paper constitutes a basis for precise spatial planning it is based on reliable data by conducting a full and comprehensive spatial inventory of mobility trajectories of older people walkability. The aim of the undertaken research was to improve the quality of urban residents’ lives in the context of Sustainable Development Goal 11 (to make cities and human settlements safe, stable, and sustainable). Above all, the study is congruous with the sustainable urban mobility vision.
Therapeutic Playground: Typology of Solutions and Analysis of Selected Public Playgrounds as Places with Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Czalczynska-Podolska Magdalena
Published: July 2024

The article highlights the need for a change in the approach to playground design toward creating spaces with therapeutic qualities that are fully inclusive and therefore meet the principles of sustainable design. The aim of the research was to identify different types of therapeutic playgrounds, to identify components that build the therapeutics of playgrounds, and to evaluate selected contemporary playgrounds in terms of therapeutic potential based on the author’s evaluation tool. The research methodology was based on interpretive, qualitative, and comparative studies. As a result of the research, the author’s typology of therapeutic playgrounds was created, solutions responsible for specific therapeutic effects were identified, and selected realizations of new playgrounds located in Szczecin (Poland) were evaluated in terms of adaptation of these solutions. The conducted research demonstrates the great possibilities of introducing the therapeutic function of play into public spaces and adapting to public playgrounds the solutions characteristic of the five types of therapeutic playgrounds identified. Unfortunately, the research also shows that the evaluated playgrounds use the therapeutic potential of play to a very limited extent. The research connects the issue of playground design with therapeutics, going beyond the accessibility problem, and leading to the identification of desirable directions in playground design. It is necessary to implement an integrated approach, based on the implementation of the identified components of therapeutics and three paths to the implementation of a therapeutic playground. This can contribute to improving not only the quality of playgrounds but also public spaces in cities and realizing the idea of a city that is friendly to all residents.
Rural Environmental Governance: A Communal Irrigation System in Greece through the Social–Ecological System Framework
Authors: Golfinopoulos Spyridon K. , Koumparou Dimitra
Published: July 2024

This article delves into the enduring self-governing nature of a traditional irrigation system in a rural community in Greece through the lens of the social–ecological system (SES) framework. The aim is to analyze the variables and interactions that have sustained this community-based governance structure over a century. This study underscores the critical role of social capital, where social networks and effective communication facilitate self-governance in the management of this common pool resource. The findings reveal how actors coordinate social and physical capital when performing daily activities, enabling them to collectively solve common dilemmas. By examining the institutional arrangements and operational dynamics of the irrigation system, the study illuminates the community-led social processes that drive its sustainability. This analysis enhances the understanding of the importance of integrating social and physical capital in governance through collective action to achieve resilience. This study provides insights into alternative pathways for building resilience and discusses an irrigation system as a communal autonomous space that prioritizes social equity, democratic decision-making, and social–ecological contacts.
Reviewing Improved Anaerobic Digestion by Combined Pre-Treatment of Waste-Activated Sludge (WAS)
Authors: Yang Miao , Vander Elst Margot , Smets Ilse , Zhang Huili , Li Shuo , Baeyens Jan , Deng Yimin
Published: July 2024

The anaerobic digestion of wastewater treatment sludge (WAS) produces a “green” biogas while reducing the amount of residual sludge. To increase the yield of biogas, several individual or combined pre-treatment methods of WAS can be used. These pre-treatment methods substantially reduce the amount of volatile suspended solids (VSSs) and their associated total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD). Pre-treating the sludge will increase the methane yield by 15 to 30%. Although the individual methods have been dealt with in research and large-scale operations, the combined (hybrid) methods have not previously been reviewed. Here, different hybrid treatment methods are reviewed, including (1) thermochemical hydrolysis pre-treatment, using an alkaline or acid addition to enhance solubilization of the sludge cells and increase biogas production; (2) alkaline and high-pressure homogenizer pre-treatment, combining a chemical and mechanical treatment; (3) alkaline and ultrasound pre-treatment, capable of solubilizing organic sludge compounds by different mechanisms, such as the fast and effective ultrasound disruption of cells and the increasing effect of the alkaline (NaOH) treatment; (4) combined alkaline and microwave pre-treatment, which enhances sludge solubilization by at least 20% in comparison with the performance of each separate process; (5) microwave (MW) and peroxidation pre-treatment of WAS suspended solids (SSs), which are quickly (<5 min) disintegrated by MW irradiation at 80 °C; (6) ultrasound and peroxidation pre-treatment, with ozone and peroxides as powerful oxidizing agents; and (7) pulsed electric field (PEF) pretreatment. All literature findings are assessed, discussing relevant operation conditions and the results achieved.
No Stakeholder Is an Island in the Drive to This Transition: Circular Economy in the Built Environment
Authors: Adabre Michael Atafo , Chan Albert P. C. , Darko Amos , Edwards David J. , Yang Yang , Issahaque Sherif
Published: July 2024

Ensuring optimum utilisation of the Earth’s finite resources engenders the circular economy (CE) concept which has attracted the attention of policymakers and practitioners worldwide. As a bifurcated strategy which involves both scientific knowledge, advanced technologies and behavioural changes, the CE transition is sociotechnical in nature. Yet, prolific studies focus on scientific knowledge and technologies alone, while studies on promoting CE practices or built environment stakeholders’ behaviour are limited. Using Stakeholder Theory, a comprehensive literature review on CE drivers was conducted. Through a questionnaire survey of professionals, key drivers identified were deployed to develop a 20-driver model for CE transition in the built environment. The model is relevant to policymakers and practitioners because it highlights essential drivers for optimum resource allocation. Moreover, the findings apprise policymakers of the drivers that pertain to key stakeholders (i.e., professional and higher educational institutions, society and clients, government and firms), thus stating the requirements for driving each stakeholder to achieve this sociotechnical transition.
The 10th Anniversary of Toxics: Recent Advances in Toxicology Research
Authors: Raldúa Demetrio , Luo Xiaojun
Published: July 2024

Last year (2023) was the tenth anniversary of Toxics [...]
Urban Parks in Novi Sad (Serbia)—Insights from Landscape Architecture Students
Authors: Lakićević Milena , Dedović Nebojša , Marto Marco , Reynolds Keith M.
Published: July 2024

Urban parks are vital components of city ecosystems, enhancing biodiversity, climate resilience, air and water quality, health, socialization, and economic benefits for citizens in urban areas. This paper examines urban parks in Novi Sad by gathering opinions on their qualities and functions through a questionnaire. The respondents were students enrolled in the landscape architecture course at the University of Novi Sad. To analyze their responses, multivariate statistical analysis techniques, including ANOVA, MANOVA, and contingency tables, were applied. The results highlight the primary reasons for visiting urban parks in general, as well as specific parks in Novi Sad. The paper offers insights into visitor behavior, including the frequency and length of their stays, etc., and provides an assessment of the parks’ educational functions, which were expected to be highly relevant for the respondent group. The results can be relevant for further urban park development and serve as a starting point for applying multi-criteria (MC) analysis. Specifically, the results can be used to define a set of criteria, goals, and other essential elements necessary for conducting Analytic Hierarchy Processes or similar MC analysis methods.
Bilateral Global Nephrocalcinosis in a Uremic Puppy
Authors: Rizzo Maria , Pennisi Melissa , Macrì Francesco , Falcone Annastella , Di Pietro Simona , Mhalhel Kamel , Giudice Elisabetta
Published: July 2024

This study explores kidney disease in young dogs, focusing on early diagnosis, management, and the importance of staging for effective treatment. Highlighting mineral metabolism imbalances and complications such as nephrocalcinosis, the study presents a case of severe renal failure with uremic syndrome and bilateral nephrocalcinosis in a 50-day-old puppy. Despite intensive care, the puppy’s condition deteriorated rapidly, leading to euthanasia. The study underscores the challenges in diagnosing and managing canine nephrocalcinosis in young animals. It emphasizes the need for further research to improve the understanding and treatment outcomes in such cases, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for animals suffering from this rare condition.
La propuesta de Hugo Zemelman en la conformación de Campo Formativo en el plan de estudios para educación básica 2022
Authors: Pérez Sócrates López , Mesa Maritza Librada Cáceres , Robelo Octaviano García , López Juan Pablo Martínez
Published: July 2024

El siguiente ensayo busca dar cuenta de la construcción teórica que propone el Plan de Educación Básica (PEB) (SEP, 2022) con respecto al Campo Formativo, esté tendrá la función de concentrar parcelas de conocimiento en cuatro campos que cobrarán sentido a través de los ejes articuladores que se darán a través de la problematización de la realidad que hagan las y los docentes para sus programas de analíticos. Está problematización de la realidad es la propuesta devenida del texto, La labor de maestras y maestros, formar y formarse (2006) del autor México-chileno Hugo Zemelman, uno de los textos fundamentales en la explicación que se da para el campo formativo en el PEB. En donde el autor abordado propone un curriculum formado por campos que permitan la integración del conocimiento que posibilite una visión más compleja y completa de la realidad, observada desde distintos ámbitos de la vida (2022, pág. 143). Ha sido una preocupación constante por parte de Zemelman el entendimiento de la realidad como se puede observar en su texto Conocimiento y Sujetos Sociales (1987), en donde propone una teoría social y metodológica para la comprensión de la realidad presente para un proyecto político. Hugo Zemelman comienza por el estudio del presente y su diagnostico argumentando la dificultad por comprenderlo, desarrollando supuestos, directrices de análisis, metodología, terminando con una propuesta de conceptos ordenadores generadores de una propuesta para observar la realidad. Es por ello que la segunda parte del texto se analizó la propuesta de Conceptos Ordenadores, del libro antes mencionado (ZEMELMAN, 1987, pág. 109), ya que esto dará luz para el entendimiento de realidad y por lo tanto al Campo Formativo.
Cosmo-morfologia do design andino
Authors: Maldonado Rosana Corral
Published: July 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar, segundo contribuições socioculturais, o simbolismo, a visão de mundo e a hermenêutica andina, usando desenhos têxteis como referência visual. É preciso reconsiderar os processos criativos a partir do conhecimento andino, buscando a riqueza do ser e do saber ameríndio, afastando-se da atual predominância da abordagem ocidental do pensamento, e explorando os fundamentos expressivo-criativos produto de abstrações complexas dos componentes do pensamento e desenho andinos. O trabalho foi feito a partir de observações experienciais etnográficas; metodológico sobre consultas documentais, publicações especializadas e bases de dados; e, exploratório. Concluída a investigação, foi possível identificar os componentes simbólicos, hermenêuticos e a cosmovisão andina a partir de sua estrutura sociocultural. Foi estabelecida uma abordagem gráfico-compositiva para designs têxteis andinos. Os fundamentos do design foram elaborados com base na sua construção teórico-prática, e uma proposta metodológica entre as imagens e a visão de mundo equatoriana foi avançada.
A Novel Framework for Mapping Updated Fine-resolution Populations with Remote Sensing and Mobile Phone Data
Authors: Wang Suiyuan , Wang Le
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a new framework for producing monthly population maps at the census block level, which are crucial for population-related research and emergency response. Existing population products are outdated (e.g., decennial) and at coarse spatial resolution (e.g., national and global), as they rely on data that is collected and processed with a long lag time. The proposed framework is based on a comprehensive comparison of 34 models that use different methods (housing units, ordinary least squares, and machine learning), variables (social-economic, building, and vegetation), and classifications (7 and 2 classes). We employed the remote sensing Orthoimage, GIS tax parcel data, and SafeGraph home panel data to acquire the necessary variables that can reflect the spatial-temporal dynamics of the census block level populations. The best-performing model uses ordinary least squares with 3 kinds of information: the number of mobile phones, building area, and 7 class classifications (Single family, Two family, Three family, Mix family, Mix commercial family, Apartment, and Non-residential house). The model has a high accuracy (
R
2
= 0.82) and can capture the monthly variations of population at the census block level. The framework is easy to implement and replicate by stakeholders, as it uses intuitive methods and readily available datasets. It can also reveal the detailed population patterns of cities over time, which can inform urban planning decisions.
Establishing Investor Preferences for Risk and Return
Authors: Колясникова Елена Рифовна
Published: July 2024

В работе предлагается метод задания предпочтений инвестора относительно доходности и риска в функции полезности инвестора с помощью относительных показателей эффективности. Для решения поставленной задачи использовались статистические, оптимизационные методы, портфельный анализ.
Development of Financial Technologies in Russia
Authors: Галимова Гузалия Абкадировна
Published: July 2024

В статье проведен анализ развития финансовых технологий в России, определены приоритетные направления дальнейшего развития, представлены механизмы и особенности реализации стартапов, рассмотрены особенности развития альтернативного финансирования в России.

The article analyzes the development of financial technologies in Russia, identifies priority trend for further development, presents the mechanisms and features of start-ups implementation, considers the features of the development of alternative financing in Russia.
Problem of the Choice of the Way of Charge of Depreciation Charges at the Enterprise
Authors: Пономарева Лариса Николаевна , Мухамадеева Зинфира Фанисовна
Published: July 2024

В статье анализируются способы увеличения прибыли организации, одним из которых является выбор способа начисления амортизации основных фондов, который приобретает практическую актуальность, так как оказывает конкретное воздействие на формирование денежного результата от хозяйственной работы предприятия. В статье проведены сравнительные характеристики способов амортизации основных фондов, установлены их достоинства и недостатки.

The article analyzes the ways to increase the profit of the organization, one of which is the choice of the method of depreciation of fixed assets, which becomes practical relevance, as it has a specific impact on the formation of the monetary result of the economic activity of the enterprise. The article presents the comparative characteristics of the methods of depreciation of fixed assets, their advantages and disadvantages.
Professional Self-determination of Graduates of Basic General Education as a Factor of Equation of a Regional Labor Market
Authors: Вишневская Нина Геннадьевна
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены вопросы профессионального самоопределения выпускников основного общего образования. На региональных рынках труда России сохраняется дисбаланс спроса и предложения рабочей силы, избыток специалистов с высшим образованием гуманитарных и экономических направлений подготовки, с одной стороны, и дефицит квалифицированных рабочих технических направлений подготовки - с другой. Автором проведен анализ ситуации на регистрируемом рынке труда Республики Башкортостан, выявлены профориентационные предпочтения выпускников основного общего образования по поводу выбора дальнейшего маршрута обучения.

The article considers the questions of professional self-determination of graduates of basic public education. There is still imbalance of demand and supply of work force on regional job markets, the excess of specialists with higher education of humanitarian and economic direction of training on the one hand and the shortage of qualified workers with technical direction of training - on the other hand. The author analyzed the situation on the registered labor market of the Republic of Bashkortostan, revealed career guidance preferences of graduates of basic general education regarding the choice of a further course of study.
Analysis of Consumer Preferences as an Instrument of Marketing of a Regional Bank
Authors: Зотова А.И. , Соболева Е.Ю.
Published: July 2024

В статье выявлены основные направления разработки маркетинговой стратегии региональных банков по повышению их конкурентоспособности на рынке банковских услуг на основе изучения потребностей клиентов в банковских услугах и степени удовлетворенности качеством данных услуг в регионе. Использовались методы опроса и эконометрического моделирования. Сделаны выводы о значимости в маркетинговой деятельности региональных банков рекламной кампании для привлечения новых клиентов, расширения продуктовой линейки, улучшения качества обслуживания, повышения репутации банка, проведения маркетинговых исследований.

The article identifies the main directions of developing a marketing strategy for regional banks to increase their competitiveness in the market of banking services based on the study of customer needs in banking services and the level of satisfaction of the quality of these services in the region. The survey and econometric modeling methods were used. Conclusions are made about the importance of advertising campaigns in marketing activities of regional banks to attract new customers, expand the product line, improve the quality of service, increase the bank's reputation, and conduct marketing research.
Mobilization Potential of the Political Internet in Russia
Authors: Кургачева К.Д.
Published: July 2024

В современной России наблюдается диспропорция между использованием мобилизационного потенциала интернета и представленностью политсил в офлайн-политике. Ведущие политические игроки формально подходят к развитию сетевого контента. Оппозиция как таковая также не уделяет достаточного внимания онлайн-ресурсам. Тем не менее, именно в оппозиционной среде существуют полит-акторы, осознающие потенциал интернет-мобилизации и использующие его максимально эффективно. В случае если власть не осознает необходимость качественного сетевого присутствия, это создаст угрозу существующей политической системе и нарушит сложившийся статус-кво.

In modern Russia, there is a disparity between the use of the Internet's mobilization potential and the representation of political forces in offline politics. Leading political players formally approach the development of online content. The opposition as such also does not pay enough attention to online resources. However, it is in the opposition environment there are political actors who are aware of the potential of Internet mobilization and use it as effectively as possible. If the authorities do not realize the need for a high-quality network presence, this will create a threat to the existing political system and violate the status quo.