bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CALIBRATION OF NON-METRIC UAV CAMERA USING DIFFERENT TEST FIELDS
Authors: Sobura Szymon
Published: October 2021

The paper deals with the calibration of a non-metric digital camera Nikon EOS 6D with a 50 mm lens that could be adapted as a potential UAV sensor for the purposes of aerial inspections. The determination of the internal orientation parameters and the image errors of the non-metric digital camera involved self-calibration with Agisoft Metashape software solving the network of the images obtained from different test fields: a chessboard field, a professional laboratory field and a spatially diverse research area. The results of the control measurement for the examined object distance of 6 meters do not differ significantly. The RMSE from the control measurement for the second analyzed object distance of 15 meters was calculated on the basis of the internal orientation elements. The images from the laboratory field, the spatial test area and the chessboard field were used, and the obtained results amounted to 7.9, 9.9 and 11.5 mm, respectively. The conducted studies showed that in the case of very precise photogrammetric measurements performed by means of the Nikon EOS 6D camera equipped with a 50 mm lens, it is optimal to conduct calibration in a laboratory test field. The greatest RMSE errors were recorded for the control images with the elements of the internal camera orientation calculated on the basis of the chessboard area. The results of the experiments clearly show a relation between the accuracy of the Nikon EOS 6D camera calibrations and the percentage of the frame area filled with the test field. This explains why the weakest calibration results were obtained from the chessboard test field.
EFFECT OF USING DIFFERENT SATELLITE EPHEMERIDES ON GPS PPP AND POST PROCESSING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Abdel Aziz Khaled Mahmoud , Elsonbaty Loutfia
Published: October 2021

The orbital error is one of the errors in GPS which affect the accuracy of GPS positioning. In this research GPS broadcast, ultra-rapid, rapid and precise satellite ephemerides are used for processing different baseline lengths among some CORS stations by using the Trimble Business Center software (TBC) and different satellite ephemerides (NRCan ultra-rapid, NRCan rapid and IGS final) are tested in CSRS-PPP online application at the same CORS stations.
In this research, when using TBC software for processing the different baseline lengths by using the different satellite ephemerides and compared the coordinates of CORS stations which obtained from the different satellite ephemerides with each other. The results showed that the best satellite ephemerides closest to rapid and final satellite ephemerides are the ultra-rapid (00 UTC) and ultra-rapid (06 UTC). When processing the same CORS stations which used at TBC on CSRSPPP online application by using the different satellite ephemerides it is found also that the NRCan ultra-rapid closest to final satellite ephemerides.
Changing the Culture of Long-Term Care: Combating Heterosexism
Authors: Schwinn Susan , Dinkel Shirley
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this article is to describe how heterosexism impedes the provision of culturally competent care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) residents in long-term care (LTC) facilities. LTC facilities continue to employ staff members who lack an understanding of sexuality and sexual diversity in the elderly. In this article, we identify the heterosexual assumption, namely heterosexism, as the primary issue surrounding the holistic care of the LGBTQ elder in LTC. We first review the literature related to LGBTQ elders in LTC facilities, identifying the themes that emerged from the review, specifically the definitions of homophobia and heterosexism; perceptions of LGBTQ elders as they consider placement in LTC facilities; and staff knowledge of and biases toward sexuality and sexual diversity in LTC settings. Then, we suggest approaches for changing the culture of LTC to one in which LGBTQ elders feel safe and valued, and conclude by considering how facility leaders are in a unique position to enable LGBTQ elders to flourish in what may be their last home.
Care Transitions in Long-term Care and Acute Care: Health Information Exchange and Readmission Rates
Authors: Yeaman Brian , Ko Kelly , del Castillo Rodolfo
Published: October 2021

Care transitions between settings are a well-known cause of medical errors. A key component of transition is information exchange, especially in long-term care (LTC). However, LTC is behind other settings in adoption of health information technologies (HIT). In this article, we provide some brief background information about care transitions in LTC and concerns related to technology. We describe a pilot project using HIT and secure messaging in LTC to facilitate electronic information exchange during care transitions. Five LTC facilities were included, all located within Oklahoma and serviced by the same regional health system. The study duration was 20 months. Both inpatient readmission and return emergency department (ED) visit rates were lower than baseline following implementation. We provide discussion of positive outcomes, lessons learned, and limitations. Finally, we offer implications for practice and research for implementation of HIT and information exchange across care settings that may contribute to reduction in readmission rates in acute care and ED settings.
Atmospheric transport and mixing of biological soil crust microorganisms
Authors: Warren Steven D. ,   US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Provo, Utah, USA, Clair Larry L. St. ,   Brigham Young University, Department of Biology (Emeritus Professor) and M.L. Bean Life Science Museum (Emeritus Curator), Provo, Utah, USA
Published: October 2021

Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are created where a diverse array of microorganisms colonize the surface and upper few millimeters of the soil and create a consolidated crust. They were originally described from arid ecosystems where vascular vegetation is naturally sparse or absent. They have since been discovered in all terrestrial ecosystems. Where present, they perform a variety of important ecological functions, including the capture and accumulation of water and essential plant nutrients, and their release in forms useful to vascular plants. They also stabilize the soil surface against wind and water erosion. BSC organisms include fungi (free-living, lichenized, and mycorrhizal), archaea, bacteria (cyanobacteria and chemotrophic and diazotrophic bacteria), terrestrial algae (including diatoms), and bryophytes (mosses and worts). BSC organisms reproduce primarily asexually via thallus or main body fragmentation or production of asexual spores that are readily dispersed by water and wind. Asexual and sexual propagules of BSC organisms are commonly lifted into the air with vast quantities of dust from the world's arid areas. BSC organisms and/or their propagules have been detected as high as the stratosphere. Some have also been detected in the mesosphere. Airborne dust, microorganisms, and their propagules contribute to the formation of essential raindrop and snowflake nuclei that, in turn, facilitate precipitation events. While airborne in the atmosphere, they also reflect the sun's rays passing laterally through the troposphere and stratosphere at dawn and dusk, often causing brilliant colors at sunrise and sunset.
CPTU identification of regular, sensitive, and organic clays towards evaluating preconsolidation stress profiles
Authors: Agaiby Shehab S ,   Department of Public Works, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, Mayne Paul W ,   Geosystems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332–0355 USA
Published: October 2021

Soil classification by piezocone penetration tests (CPTU) is mainly accomplished using empirical soil behavior charts (SBT). While commonly-used SBT methods work well to separate fine-grained soils from granular coarse-grained soils, in many instances, the groupings often fail to properly identify different categories of clays, specifically: (a) "regular" clays that are inorganic and insensitive, (b) sensitive and quick clays; and (c) organic soils. Herein, a simple means of screening and sorting these three clay types is shown using three analytical CPTU expressions for evaluating the preconsolidation stress profile from net cone resistance, excess porewater pressure, and effective cone resistance. A number of case studies are utilized to convey the methodology.
Stability of intuitionistic fuzzy set-valued maps and solutions of integral inclusions
Authors: Al-Qurashi Maysaa ,   Department of Mathematics, King Saud University, P.O.Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia, Shagari Mohammed Shehu , Rashid Saima , Hamed Y. S. , Mohamed Mohamed S. ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria,   Department of Mathematics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Published: October 2021

In this paper, new intuitionistic fuzzy fixed point results for sequence of intuitionistic fuzzy set-valued maps in the structure of $ b $-metric spaces are examined. A few nontrivial comparative examples are constructed to keep up the hypotheses and generality of our obtained results. Following the fact that most existing concepts of Ulam-Hyers type stabilities are concerned with crisp mappings, we introduce the notion of stability and well-posedness of functional inclusions involving intuitionistic fuzzy set-valued maps. It is a familiar fact that solution of every functional inclusion is a subset of an appropriate space. In this direction, intuitionistic fuzzy fixed point problem involving $ (\alpha, \beta) $-level set of an intuitionistic fuzzy set-valued map is initiated. Moreover, novel sufficient criteria for existence of solutions to an integral inclusion are investigated to indicate a possible application of the ideas presented herein.
Some fuzzy-interval integral inequalities for harmonically convex fuzzy-interval-valued functions
Authors: Khan Muhammad Bilal ,   Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan, Noor Muhammad Aslam , Abdeljawad Thabet , Abdalla Bahaaeldin , Althobaiti Ali ,   Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Medical Research, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Published: October 2021

It is well-known fact that fuzzy interval-valued functions (F-I-V-Fs) are generalizations of interval-valued functions (I-V-Fs), and inclusion relation and fuzzy order relation on interval space and fuzzy space are two different concepts. Therefore, by using fuzzy order relation (FOR), we derive inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard (H·H) and Hermite-Hadamard Fejér (H·H Fejér) like for harmonically convex fuzzy interval-valued functions by applying fuzzy Riemann integrals. Moreover, we establish the relation between fuzzy integral inequalities and fuzzy products of harmonically convex fuzzy interval-valued functions. The outcomes of this study are generalizations of many known results which can be viewed as an application of a defined new version of inequalities.
New insights on novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 modelling in the aspect of fractional derivatives and fixed points
Authors: Panda Sumati Kumari ,   Department of Mathematics, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam-532127, Andhra Pradesh, India, Atangana Abdon , Nieto Juan J. ,   Institute for Groundwater Studies, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa,   Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan,   Institute of Mathematics, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
Published: October 2021

Extended orthogonal spaces are introduced and proved pertinent fixed point results. Thereafter, we present an analysis of the existence and unique solutions of the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 model via fractional derivatives. To strengthen our paper, we apply an efficient numerical scheme to solve the coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 model with different types of differential operators.
Estudio de la sección “agradecimientos” en una muestra de la Revista Española de Documentación Científica y de Scientometrics: evolución y autoridades
Authors: Carrasco de la Rica Soraya , Faba-Pérez Cristina , Gómez-Crisóstomo Rocío
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo analiza los agradecimientos hacia autoridades (personas e instituciones) incluidos en los artículos de dos revistas científicas, la Revista Española de Documentación Científica (REDC) y Scientometrics, para ver la evolución temporal que éstos han sufrido durante veiniún años en periodos alternos de cuatro años (1998, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014 y 2018) y estudiar su relación con la autoría/citación científica, y con los patrones de financiación de la Ciencia. Se analizan 1354 artículos, 717 de los cuales contienen agradecimientos que proporcionan un total de 2127 menciones. Los principales resultados indican que, aunque existe mayor tradición por incluir agradecimientos en sus artículos en Scientometrics, la revista española alcanza una Tasa de Variación en 2018 respecto a 1998 mucho mayor, lo que señala una evolución muy positiva por parte de la revista española; también reflejan que la práctica común en ambas revistas consiste en mencionar en los agradecimientos más a las personas que han ayudado en la investigación, y no tanto a las instituciones; y, por último, que existe una correlación positiva moderada entre el número de apariciones de los autores en los agradecimientos y su Índice h, por lo que sería posible utilizar los agradecimientos para medir la actividad científica.
Reshaping How Universities Can Evaluate the Research Impact of Open Humanities for Societal Benefit
Authors: Arthur Paul Longley , Hearn Lydia
Published: October 2021

During the twenty-first century, for the first time, the volume of digital data has surpassed the amount of analog data. As academic practices increasingly become digital, opportunities arise to reshape the future of scholarly communication through more accessible, interactive, open, and transparent methods that engage a far broader and more diverse public. Yet despite these advances, the research performance of universities and public research institutes remains largely evaluated through publication and citation analysis rather than by public engagement and societal impact. This article reviews how changes to bibliometric evaluations toward greater use of altmetrics, including social media mentions, could enhance uptake of open scholarship in the humanities. In addition, the article highlights current challenges faced by the open scholarship movement, given the complexity of the humanities in terms of its sources and outputs that include monographs, book chapters, and journals in languages other than English; the use of popular media not considered as scholarly papers; the lack of time and energy to develop digital skills among research staff; problems of authority and trust regarding the scholarly or non-academic nature of social media platforms; the prestige of large academic publishing houses; and limited awareness of and familiarity with advanced digital applications. While peer review will continue to be a primary method for evaluating research in the humanities, a combination of altmetrics and other assessment of research impact through different data sources may provide a way forward to ensure the increased use, sustainability, and effectiveness of open scholarship in the humanities.
Des valeurs « prêtes à réaliser » : l’exemple de l’application Vinted
Authors: Beyaert-Geslin Anne
Published: October 2021

Un système de valeurs invitant au soin de l’environnement et de l’autre renouvelle le cadre de références de la conception. Non seulement la notion d’usage, centrale pour le design d’objet, est questionnée à nouveaux frais, mais des valeurs existentielles différentes sont revendiquées. L’article examine ce système de valeurs avec une approche sémiotique, en prenant l’exemple de l’application de vente de vêtements « de seconde main » Vinted. Il constate que des valeurs existentielles écologiques constituent l’arrière-plan du discours de la marque et sont « prêtes à réaliser ». En quoi cette nouvelle axiologie détermine-t-elle la conception ?
Médiation au design avec des ingénieurs : le tact comme posture
Authors: Reunkrilerk Dorian , Berger Estelle
Published: October 2021

Les organisations sont aujourd’hui soumises à une injonction à l’innovation qui les pousse à adopter des pratiques réplicables et transférables. Dans ce contexte, le recours au design thinking en tant que boîte à outils appropriable par les non-designers, se fait au détriment des attitudes cognitives et des états d’esprit associés à une culture de conception de design, comme au détriment des culture de conception déjà sédimentées dans les organisations. Cette étude s’appuie sur une recherche-action menée au sein d’une multinationale de l’industrie de la métallurgie. Elle vise à comprendre ce qui émerge de la rencontre entre deux cultures de conception parfois dissonantes, l’ingénierie et le design. Nous proposons la notion de tact pour analyser cette entrée en dialogue, les postures des individus impliqués, et les potentiels effets transformateurs. Nous souhaitons ainsi montrer comment se déploie une situation de médiation outillée par des objets intermédiaires. Si elle agit sur la normalisation des pratiques de conception et leur stabilisation dans le temps, elle peut aussi amorcer une redéfinition des rôles, identités et dynamiques sociales, ouvrant sur de potentiels changements culturels dans l’organisation.
Regional analgesia techniques for video-assisted thoracic surgery: a frequentist network meta-analysis
Authors: Jo Yumin , Park Seyeon , Oh Chahyun , Pak Yujin , Jeong Kuhee , Yun Sangwon , Noh Chan , Chung Woosuk , Kim Yoon-Hee , Ko Young Kwon , Hong Boohwi
Published: October 2021

Background: Various regional analgesia techniques are used to reduce postoperative pain in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). This study aimed to determine the relative efficacy of regional analgesic interventions for VATS using a network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods: We searched the Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Controlled Trial Register, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the analgesic effects of the following interventions: control, thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB), erector spinae plane block (ESPB), serratus plane block (SPB), and intercostal nerve block (INB). The primary outcome was opioid consumption during the first 24-h postoperative period. Pain scores were also collected during three different postoperative periods: the early (0–6 h), middle (6–18 h), and late (18–24 h) periods. Results: A total of 21 RCTs (1391 patients) were included. TPVB showed the greatest effect on opioid consumption compared with the control (mean difference [MD] = −13.2 mg; 95% CI [−16.2, −10.1]). In terms of pain scores in the early period, ESPB had the greatest effect compared to control (MD = −1.6; 95% CI [−2.3, −0.9]). In the middle and late periods, pain scores showed that TPVB, ESPB and INB had superior analgesic effects compared to controls, while SPB did not. Conclusions: TPVB had the best analgesic efficacy following VATS, though the analgesic efficacy of ESPBs was comparable. However, further studies are needed to determine the optimal regional analgesia technique to improve postoperative pain control following VATS.
Science-based Stakeholder Dialogue for Environmental Policy Implementation
Authors: Brites Alice Dantas , de Mello Kaline , Tavares Paulo André , Metzger Jean Paul , Rodrigues Ricardo Ribeiro , Molin Paulo Guilherme , Guedes Pinto Luís Fernando , Joly Carlos Alfredo , Adrien Fernandes João Francisco , Machado Frederico Soares , Trani Eduardo , Sparovek Gerd
Published: October 2021

Science-based stakeholder dialogue is a strategy to bring science closer to decision-making with increasing importance for the design of environmental policies. The need for such an approximation has been stressed, but documented implementations are rare. We present our experience of developing a science-based dialogue for the Brazilian Forest Code implementation and share the lessons learned. We departed from a mix of participatory methods to conduct six meetings with stakeholders. During the process, we were able to reduce the gap between science and practice, meeting stakeholders’ expectations and increasing the accessibility of scientific information. Avoiding falling back to top-down science and keeping stakeholders’ participation constancy were challenges faced. Despite the project achievements, important scientific outcomes were disregarded by higher instances of decision-making. Thus, although we were able to start the dialogue successfully, we also come across the fact that external political factors impaired its reach. By reporting our experience, we expect to help to establish science-based dialogues applied to environmental policy implementation, narrowing the science-practice gap and contributing to more effective environmental policies.
Post-mortem assessment of vimentin expression as a biomarker for renal tubular regeneration following acute kidney injury
Authors: Moreno Juan Carlos Alvarez , Bahmad Hisham F. , Febres-Aldana Christopher A. , Pirela Andrés , Azuero Andres , Salami Ali , Poppiti Robert
Published: October 2021

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality. It mainly targets the renal tubular epithelium with pathological changes, referred to as acute tubular injury. The latter is followed by a regenerative response that is difficult to visualize on routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stains. In this study, we examined the regenerative capacity of renal tubules by correlating vimentin (VIM) immunohistochemical (IHC) expression and pathological findings of AKI and renal tubular regeneration (RTR) on H&E.Methods: We reviewed 23 autopsies performed in the clinical setting of AKI and RTR. VIM expression was scored in the renal cortical tubular epithelium using a statistical cutoff ≥ 3% for high expression and < 3% for low expression.Results: Of the 23 kidney tissues examined, seven (30.4%) had low VIM expression, and 16 (69.6%) had high VIM expression. Kidney tissues with evidence of AKI and RTR had significantly higher VIM expression. Renal peritubular microenvironment features showing regenerative changes on H&E were associated with high VIM expression. In the univariate model, kidney tissues with RTR were 18-fold more likely to have high VIM expression.Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings suggest that VIM could serve as an IHC marker for RTR following AKI. However, correlation with H&E findings remains critical to excluding chronic tubular damage. Collectively, our preliminary results pave the way for future studies including a larger sample size to validate the use of VIM as a reliable biomarker for RTR.
Radiofrequency Ablation versus Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
Authors: Yu Jesang , Kim Dong Hwan , Lee Jungbok , Shin Yong Moon , Kim Jong Hoon , Yoon Sang Min , Jung Jinhong , Kim Jin Cheon , Yu Chang Sik , Lim Seok-Byung , Park In Ja , Kim Tae Won , Hong Yong Sang , Kim Sun Young , Kim Jeong Eun , Park Jin-hong , Kim So Yeon
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study aimed to compare the treatment outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) and to determine the favorable treatment modality according to tumor characteristics.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the records of 222 colorectal cancer patients with 330 CRLM who underwent RFA (268 tumors in 178 patients) or SBRT (62 tumors in 44 patients) between 2007 and 2014. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox models were used by adjusting with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).ResultsThe median follow-up duration was 30.5 months. The median tumor size was significantly smaller in the RFA group than in the SBRT group (1.5 cm vs 2.3 cm, p<0.001). In IPTW-adjusted analysis, difference in treatment modality was not associated with significant differences in 1-year and 3-year recurrence-free survival (35% vs 43%, 22% vs 23%; p=0.198), overall survival (96% vs 91%, 58% vs 56%; p=0.508), and freedom from local progression (FFLP; 90% vs 72%, 78% vs 60%; p=0.106). Significant interaction effect between the treatment modality and tumor size was observed for FFLP (p=0.001). In IPTW-adjusted subgroup analysis of patients with tumor size >2 cm, the SBRT group had a higher FFLP compared with the RFA group (HR, 0.153; p<0.001).ConclusionSBRT and RFA showed similar local control in the treatment of patients with CRLM. Tumor size was an independent prognostic factor for local control and SBRT may be preferred for larger tumors.
Clinicopathological Characterization of Double Heterozygosity for BRCA1 and BRCA2 Variants in Korean Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Bang Yoon Ju , Kwon Won Kyung , Nam Seok Jin , Kim Seok Won , Chae Byung-Joo , Lee Se Kyung , Ryu Jai Min , Kim Jong-Won , Yu Jonghan , Lee Jeong Eon
Published: October 2021

Purpose Double heterozygosity (DH) for BRCA1 and BRCA2 variant is very rare with only a few cases reported, and most those in Caucasians. In this article, we present seven unrelated cases of DH for BRCA1/2 identified from a single institution in Korea, and describe the characteristics and phenotype of DH individuals compared to those with a single BRCA variant.Materials and Methods This study included 27,678 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and surgically treated at Samsung Medical Center (SMC) between January 2008 and June 2020. In total, 4,215 high-risk breast cancer patients were tested for the BRCA1/2 genes, and electronic medical records from 456 cases with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants (PVs/LPVs) were reviewed.ResultsA younger mean age at diagnosis was associated with DH than a single variant of BRCA1/2. More triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and higher nuclear and histologic grade cancer occurred with DH than BRCA2 variant. All 7 cases of DH were unrelated, and their mutation combinations were different. There were no Ashkenazi founder variants detected.ConclusionWe suggest that patients with DH for BRCA1/2 variants develop breast cancer at a younger age, but the histopathologic features are similar to those of BRCA1.
Hydraulic Cylinder Leakage Test
Authors:   CTTC C1, Hydraulic Systems
Published: October 2021

Applies to hydraulic cylinders which are components of off-road self-propelled work machines defined in SAE J1116.
CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA FERMENTACIÓN ALCOHÓLICA DEL LACTOSUERO A ESCALA DE LABORATORIO
Authors: Cardona-Soberao Yolexis Roberta , Cruz-Carbonell Mérida Esmunda , González-Zambrano José Miguel , Paneque-Díaz Yurisdan
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo caracterizar la fermentación alcohólica del lactosuero a escala de laboratorio. Se llevó a cabo en la Planta Piloto de la Universidad de Camagüey. Mediante un balance de masa se calcularon las cantidades de lactosa necesarias para estandarizar el suero hasta concentraciones de 50, 75, 100 y 125 g/l de lactosa. La levadura del género Saccharomyces cerevisiae utilizado por la Industria Alcoholera Cubana no fermenta la lactosa como sustrato, por lo que se hizo necesario hidrolizarla siguiendo el procedimiento de hidrólisis ácida, para comprobar el resultado de la hidrólisis se realizaron pruebas de Polarimetría, Colorimetría y Cromatografía. Las fermentaciones se realizaron con dos réplicas a cada concentración estudiada, a las cuales se les añadió fosfato de amonio y levadura. Los resultados de hidrólisis parcial de la lactosa permitieron obtener en el proceso fermentativo porcientos en volúmenes de etanol por encima de los propuestos a partir de concentraciones de lactosa de 75 g/l, el incremento de las concentraciones de lactosa hasta 125 g/l estuvo en correspondencia con los mejores rendimientos y productividad del proceso fermentativo. La duración de la fermentación mantuvo un crecimiento de los microorganismos con la transformación del sustrato y generación del CO2 según lo previsto y registrado en la literatura.

Palabras claves: fermentación alcohólica; lactosuero; hidrólisis.
Economic losses due to clinical lameness in Kosovo dairy cattle
Authors: Ibishi Lindita , Musliu Arben , Mehmedi Blerta , Rexhepi Agim , Youngs Curtic R. , Behluli Behlul
Published: October 2021

The health of dairy cows is an important factor affecting the profitability of dairy farms worldwide, and lameness is regarded as one of the most costly dairy cattle diseases. The aim of this study was to estimate the economic cost of cow lameness among Kosovo dairy farms. Data collected from 56 dairy farms were analysed with a farm-level stochastic (Monte Carlo) simulation model to estimate the cost of lameness. Lameness-associated sources of economic loss examined within the model included: reduced milk production, treatment cost, discarded milk, reduced cow body weight, and premature culling. Results showed that prevalence of lameness among cows on Kosovo dairy farms ranged from 17% to 39%. The average annual cost of lameness was estimated at €338.57 per farm (or €46.25 per cow). Reduced milk production was the largest financial contribution to the cost of lameness (45% of total economic loss) followed by premature culling (31% of total economic loss). Discarded milk, reduced cow body weight, and cost of treatment each contributed approximately 8% to the total economic loss. These findings indicate that dairy farmers need to be more cognizant of the financial losses associated with lameness and should be encouraged to implement management strategies to reduce lameness as a means of enhancing farm profitability.
βeta-lactam and Tetracycline Antibiotic Residues in Cow Milk in the Constantine region, Algeria
Authors: Zeghilet Noureddine , Bouchoucha Brahim , Bouaziz Omar
Published: October 2021

The aim of the present study was to investigate the βeta-lactam and tetracycline antibiotic residues in cow milk samples. A total of 122 samples of cow milk were collected from raw milk collectors (109 samples) and from a reconstituted pasteurized milk sales clerk (13 samples) in the Constantine region, Algeria and examined using the ΒetaStar Combo screening kit (Neogen, USA). Results indicates that 13 samples (10.66%) were positive for antibiotics residues: 12 (9.84%) for βeta-lactams (ten (8.20%) raw and two (1.64%) pasteurized milk samples) and only one (0.82%) for tetracyclines in a raw milk sample. It is evident that the Algerian consumer is not sheltered from the danger of antibiotic residues in milk and these inhibitor residues should constitute a constant concern for the dairy industry in Algeria. A control programme should be established.
Comparison of Different Land Evaluation Techniques for Evaluating the Soil Suitability for Rainfed Hybrid Cotton
Authors:   ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur-440 010, India, Venugopalan M.V. , Tiwary P. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur-440 033, India, Pable Dhanashree ,   Soil and Land Use Survey of India, Nagpur-440 013, India
Published: October 2021

This study compares the performance of three land evaluation methods, viz., FAO Simple Limitation, Storie Index and InfoCrop simulation model, for assessing the suitability of cotton soils (represented by nine different soil series) of Nagpur district, Maharashtra, India. The Simple Limitation method categorised Wardha, Parseoni and Bhugaon soil series as moderately suitable and the remaining are marginally suitable for rainfed cotton. The values of Land Index, determined by the Storie method, ranged from 20.3 for Manori series to 55.3 for Bhugaon series. Rainfed cotton yields, simulated by InfoCrop model ranged from 761 kg ha-1 in Manori series to 2881 kg ha-1 in Katol series. The Relative Yield Index (RYI) ranged from 0.154 for Manori series to 0.585 for Katol series. Kinhala, Katol and Takali soil series, classified as marginally suitable by the Simple Limitation method, were upgraded as moderately suitable by Sys parametric method. The results of InfoCrop model justified this up-gradation with the high values of RYI that ranged from 0.574 to 0.585. Soils of Manori and Hatodi series are not suitable for cultivating rainfed cotton. Soil depth, hydraulic conductivity and plant available water in the soil were critical factors governing cotton yield and ranking of soils for their suitability.
Influence of Agricultural Land Use on Soil Organic Carbon Fractions in an Arid Ecosystem
Authors:   Dr Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Krishi Nagar, Akola-440 104, Maharashtra, Mahajan V. , Vasu D. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur – 440 033, Maharashtra, Tiwary P. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur – 440 033, Maharashtra, Chandran P. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur – 440 033, Maharashtra
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of land-use systems on soil organic carbon (SOC) and its fractions in an arid agro-ecosystem (Kachchh District, Gujarat). SOC fractions (very labile, labile, less labile, and non-labile) and pools (active and passive) from six pedons (two each from mango orchards, sorghum, and cotton cultivated fields) were estimated. The results showed that SOC and its fractions, except the labile fraction, were significantly affected by land-use up to 20 cm depth. Further, land use significantly affected the absolute content of active carbon pool at 0-10 and 10-20 cm (p<0.05) depth, whereas the effect was significant at 20-50 cm depth at p<0.1. The higher passive carbon pool under the mango plantations indicates plantation crops’ potential to increase the carbon sequestration in the soils. The soils under sorghum with higher passive carbon pool suggest that high-root density crops can increase the carbon storage in the arid regions.
Multicoagulant resistant pseudothrombocytopenia
Authors: Nausheen Waseem  , Bashir Hanif  , Jawaid Jabbar
Published: October 2021

Pseudo thrombocytopenia is the estimation of low platelet counts by a Hematology analyzer in spite of lack of shortage in platelets. EDTA-induced pseudo thrombocytopenia, commonly seen in clinical practice, occurs mainly due to anti platelet antibodies. Pseudo thrombocytopenia is seen in normal healthy individuals as well as in other disorders like cardiovascular, liver, autoimmune diseases and malignancy. We are presenting a case of multi coagulant resistant dependent thrombocytopenia. The purpose of the case report is to review approaches to pseudo thrombocytopenia. The case has coagulant resistant dependent thrombocytopenia in association with Anasarca and was a known case of cardiomyopathy   with severely dilated left atrium, left ventricle &right atrium.
Keywords: Pseudo platelet aggregation, multicoagulant resistant thrombocytopenia, pseudo thrombocytopenia.
Continuous...
Subinguinal versus peritesticular diameters of varicocele veins in the supine and standing posture
Authors: Arshad Muhammad Asharib , Ali Siddiqui Amjad , Rehman Khaleeq ur
Published: October 2021

Objective: Scrotal CDUS is a standard investigation for varicocele patients, but it is not clear that which region should be considered as a standard. The aim of study was to determine that which region should be taken as a standard of measurement for varicocele veins.
Methods: The study was conducted at the andro-urology clinic of a teaching hospital. Scrotal Color Doppler Ultrasound (CDUS) parameters were determined at subinguinal and peritesticular region in 35 varicocele patients. The data was collected as mean ± SD and compared using paired t test.
Results: In supine position, the mean diameters of varicocele vein at peritesticular region (3.31mm ± 0.70) was compared with the mean diameters of varicocele vein at subinguinal region (2.94mm ± 0.52) and were found to be significantly greater (p < 0.01). The mean diameters of varicocele vein at peritesticular region, when measured in standing posture (3.65mm ± 0.77) was significantly greater (p < 0.01) than the mean diameters at subinguinal region (3.29mm ± 0.62). All varicocele patients had associated semen abnormalities but the diameter of varicocele veins had no significant correlation with semen abnormalities.
Conclusion: The varicocele vein diameter at peritesticular region was found to be significantly greater than the sub-inguinal varicocele vein diameter in both lying and standing position. The diameters at peritesticular region may be routinely measured to reach at a better clinical decision.
Continuous...
The Link between Chronic Pain and Depression in Low Income Country, Pakistan
Authors: Saima Dawood  , Mamoona Bokhari
Published: October 2021

Objective: To examine the relationships of chronic pain related variables (interference, support, pain severity, life control, affective distress, significant other’s responses to participant’s pain and general activity level) with depression in chronic pain patients.
Method: Cross-sectional survey research was used in this study. The study was carried out on outdoor patients coming in government, semi-government and private hospitals of Lahore city (n=6) from January 2016 to June 2016. Sample consisted of 186 chronic pain patients (mean age=46.92) with organic, identifiable chronic pain problems were recruited through purposive sampling. A personal history questionnaire, West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHYMPI) developed by Kerns, Turk, and Rudy (1985), and Depression subscale of Symptom Checklist Revised developed by Rahman and Sitwat (1990) were administered to the participants.
Results: Descriptive analyses, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, independent samples t-test and stepwise regression with backward elimination method were used to analyze the data. It was revealed that all chronic pain related variables had significant relationships with depressive symptoms. Moreover, interference, affective distress and negative responses were found to be positive predictors while life-control was the negative predictor of depressive symptoms. It was also found that women reported more depressive symptoms than men.
Conclusion: The study affirmed the relationships between chronic pain related variables and depressive symptoms and also highlighted the importance of significant other’s support and response to participant pain. The results thus emphasized the significance of familial factors with regard to the presence of depressive symptoms in chronic pain patients.
Continuous...
Role Wii Fit exer-games in improving balance confidence and quality of life in elderly population
Authors: Kiran Khushnood  , Shafaq Altaf  , Nasir Sultan  , Malik Muhammad Ali Awan  , Riafat Mehmood  , Sidra Qureshi
Published: October 2021

Objective: To determine the effects of Wii Fit exer-gaming on balance confidence, quality of life and fall risk in elderly population
Methods: A double blinded randomized control was conducted at Kulsum International Hospital, Islamabad from July 31st to October 30th, 2018. Following screening, 90 subjects fulfilled inclusion criteria and gave consent to be part of trial. Subjects were randomly allocated into experimental and control group by concealed envelope method. After baseline assessment, experimental group received Wii fit gaming while controls received balance training for 30 minutes twice a week for 8 weeks. Activities balance confidence (ABC), Euro 5Q5L, timed up and go (TUG) and Fukuda were used as outcome measures. Data was analysed by SPSS 21.
Results: ABC improved in experimental group from 76.47±3.69 to 86.53±3.99, and in control group from 77.51±3.01 to 82.70±2.78 with significance < 0.001. The components of Euro 5Q5L; mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression have changed with intergroup significance of 0.05, 0.006, 0.595, <0.001, 0.001 respectively. TUG and Fukuda improved in experimental and control group as 15.73±2.30 to 12.02±1.40 and 16.24±1.75 to 13.68±1.58 with significance <0.001, and from 41.78±6.to 71 to 30.09±8.05 and 43.36±5.59 to 38.68±5.75 with significance <0.001 respectively.
Conclusion: Wii fit improves balance confidence and quality of life reducing fall risk in elderly.
Clinical Trial Number: IRCT20180417039344N1
Keywords: Balance training, Elderly, Exer-gaming, Quality of life, Wii fit
Continuous...
The effect of whole body vibration on gait dynamics after chronic stroke in Pakistan; A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Hafiz Syed Ijaz Ahmed Burq  , Hossein Karimi  , Ashfaq Ahmad  , Syed Amir Gilani  , Asif Hanif
Published: October 2021

Objective: To determine the effect of whole body vibration (WBV) therapy on gait dynamics in chronic stroke patients in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: The present study was randomized, assessor-blinded, parallel-group, clinical trial conducted at Physiotherapy Department, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from November 2017 to April 2019. After taking written informed consent, 64 chronic stroke patients were randomly allocated (1:1) to routine physiotherapy (RP) group (n=32) and whole-body vibration (WBV) group (n=32) by computer random number generator method. Twelve sessions of vibration therapy were given to WBV group with an amplitude of 3 mm and frequency of 20Hz. Sessions comprises of 5 bouts of 120 seconds with 60 seconds rest intervals for 6 days/week x 2 weeks in erect standing position. The outcome measure was score of Timed Up and Go test (TUG test) and 10 Meter Walk test (10MWT) before and after intervention. Mann Whitney U Test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were used to analyze data.
Results: After 2-week intervention, significant difference was seen in TUG, 10 Meter Walk test Slow Speed (10MWTSS), 10 Meter Walk test fast speed (10MWTFS) score for both treatment groups (p-value<0.05). However patients in WBV group had better improvement as compared to patients in the RP group.
Conclusions: Initiation of walk and Walking Speed improved with Whole-body vibration therapy in chronic stroke survivors in Pakistan.
Clinical Trial Number:  IRCT20190328043131N1
Key Words: Stroke, Whole body Vibration, Rehabilitation, Walk Initiation, Walking Speed,
Continuous...
Upaya Peningkatan Kemampuan Analisis Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TAI (Team Assisted Individualization) pada Mata Pelajaran Fiqih Siswa Kelas VIII MTs Nurul Huda
Authors: Aidil Nur Mumahhad , Supawi Muhammad , Halimatussakdiah Halimatussakdiah
Published: October 2021

Efforts to Improve Analytical Ability Through Cooperative Learning Model Type TAI (Team Assisted Individualization) in Fiqh Subjects for Class VIII MTs Nurul Huda.The background of this research is that based on the identification carried out by the researchers at the research location, namely: the Fiqh learning process in the classroom still uses the classical method where learning is centered on the teacher, so that learning at MTs Nurul Huda on Fiqh subjects is one-way, more teacher-centered so that students become passive. The objectives of this research are: To determine the analytical ability in fiqh subjects in class VIII MTs Nurul Huda before and after using the Cooperative Learning Model Type TAI (Team Assisted Individualization). This research was conducted in the form of classroom action research. According to the type of research chosen, namely classroom action research, this research uses an action research model in the form of a spiral and from one cycle to the next. The results of this study are: Increasing student learning outcomes using the Cooperative Learning Model Type TAI (Team Assisted Individualization) is also seen from the increase in the average percentage of each indicator of analytical ability from cycle I to cycle II, which is as follows from the results of research on learning cycle II This shows an increase in results compared to the improvement in previous learning (cycle I). The average classical completeness is 87.5% so that classical completeness has been achieved because the completeness is more than 80%..
El rol del docente en la actualidad y su función social
Authors: Ceballos Hidalia
Published: October 2021

La educación es una herramienta privilegiada de reproducción del orden social, según la más antigua tradición cultural. El hombre es un ser social por naturaleza, se hace o re-hace y en la medida en que es educado es evidente que la misión de educar a nuestros futuros niños y jóvenes es responsabilidad, de dos pilares esenciales: la familia y la escuela. Si bien en el ámbito de la familia, el símbolo esencial que va a ejercer en las labores tanto educativa como social, son los padres; en el caso de la escuela, el sujeto clave de formación es el docente. Para poder analizar la situación, los docentes que están viviendo en la actualidad, es preciso que realicen una aproximación a las funciones esenciales que han de cumplir y que desarrollan en la actualidad; así como de igual forma, es preciso que presten una atención especial a aquellos factores que, de una manera u otra, están condicionando la práctica docente e irrumpiendo en el buen desarrollo de la formación. Se debe recordar que el docente no es un exclusivo emisor de conocimientos, es también un valioso agente socializador y que, a través de su conocimiento, transmite una serie de valores que van a influir, directa o indirectamente, en la formación de los más jóvenes.
Ўзбекистонда қишлоқ хўжалигини модернизация қилиниши тарихи (1991-2021 йиллар)
Authors: Холдарова Ойдиной
Published: October 2021

Мақолада жорий архив материаллари ва илмий адабиётлар ёрдамида Ўзбекистон қишлоқ хўжалиги ва унинг модернизация тарихи жараёнлари таҳлил қилинади.
Применение подвижных игр как средство развития волевых качеств у детей дошкольного возраста
Authors: Шарипов Хабибулла
Published: October 2021

В данной статье автором рассмотрено и выяснено сущность и влияние подвижных игр в контексте развития волевых качеств детей дошкольного возраста в дошкольных образовательных учреждениях. Автором проанализирована научная литература и исследовательские работы зарубежных авторов. Предложены методы формирования и развития волевых качеств у дошкольников в условиях воспитательного процесса в детских образовательных учреждениях. Анализируется влияние применяемых подвижных игр на организм ребенка и его гармоничное развитие в процессе игр в целом, а также оценено влияние подвижных игр на формирование и развитие волевых качеств у дошкольников. В процессе применения в дошкольных образовательных учреждениях подвижных игр как средство для формирования и развития волевых качеств у детей формируются такие качества, как целеустремленность, решительность, инициативность, смелость и самостоятельность. Сделаны выводы что подвижные игры и физические упражнения не только улучшают здоровье и развивают организм ребенка, но также является средством для воспитания волевых качеств характера ребенка.
Секуляризмни сиёсий тадқиқ қилишга доир асосий назариялар ва концепциялар
Authors: Орзиев Иқболжон
Published: October 2021

Ушбу мақолада концептуал муаммо – “Секуляризм” тушунчасининг сиёсий таҳлилининг назарий ва концепциялари ғарб олимларининг тадқиқотлари асосида ушбу тушунчанинг сиёсий мазмуни хусусида тўхтаб ўтилган. Ушбу масала юзасидан мавжуд манбаларни ўрганиш ва илмий таҳлил қилиш шуни кўрсатадики, “Секуляр”, “Секуляризм” терминининг семантик, тарихий ва сиёсий-ҳуқуқий таҳлиллари мавжуд. “Секуляр” атамасининг илк, дастлабки мазмуни ва маъноси билан бугунги талқини ва тушунчаси ўртасида анча тафовут юзага келганлиги маълум бўлди.