bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adoption of mechanical seeder among rice farmers in Cagayan Valley Region, Philippines
Authors: Badua Aldrin E , Vargas Danilo S , Baltazar Eugenia G , Aveno Jocelyn L , Orden Maria Excelsis M.
Published: November 2024

This study examines the adoption of mechanical seeder among rice farmers in Cagayan Valley Region, Phillippines. Mechanical seeder is a machine for planting rice. The mechanical seeder was initially introduced to rice farmers in the Cagayan Valley Region, Philippines. This study assessed the adoption factors regarding farmers' acceptance and utilization of the mechanical seeder. The respondents in this study were the farmer-users of the mechanical seeder for rice. All data were gathered through the use of an interview schedule. Data were analyzed using correlations, linear, and logistic regression. Results revealed that hearing/reading as an independent variable showed a significant correlation with technology acceptance and a highly significant correlation with attendance at promotional activities and training. A farmer who attended the promotional activities has a greater probability of accepting the technology. Attending promotional activities like lecture discussions, demonstrations, field days, seminars, and exhibitions by the farmer-users facilitated the acceptance of mechanical seeder technology. Attendance at promotional activities was also a significant predictor of a higher level of acceptance of the mechanical seeder among farmer users (p<0.01), and the size of the farm was a significant predictor of a higher level of utilization among farmer users (p<0.01). The different mechanical seeder attributes like ease of use, usefulness, and relative advantage positively affected farmer respondents' acceptance and utilization levels.
Exploring the relationship between land characteristics and the sustainable growth of coconut cultivation in Indonesia
Authors: Vaulina Sisca , Titisari Prima Wahyu , Elinur  , Zahrah Siti , Dewi Ilma Satriana
Published: November 2024

This study explores land types as a basis for evaluating the sustainability of coconut plantations in Indonesia, focusing on peatlands and coastal areas that affect productivity and management practices. This research aims to evaluate the sustainability of coconut plantation farming across various land types and identify critical sustainability factors. Carried out in Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province, the study employed a survey methodology and utilized Rap-Coconut Ordination Analysis coupled with Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). The surveyed area encompasses peatlands and coastlands, and a purposive sampling approach, guided by the Slovin Formula, yielded a sample size of 101 coconut farmers. The sustainability assessment covered five dimensions: ecological (7 attributes), social-cultural (4 attributes), economic (4 attributes), technological (6 attributes), and institutional (7 attributes) and 28 attributes. The study assessed the sustainability of coconut farming in Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province. Peatlands showed lower sustainability, while coastline lands demonstrated higher sustainability levels. Key factors affecting sustainability include ecological aspects like fertilizer and pesticide use, socio-cultural elements like family involvement and attitudes towards coconut farming, economic factors like the coconut vending system, technological considerations such as optimal planting spacing and seed quality, and institutional factors like participation in extension programs and access to financial resources.
Does local public investment boost enterprise performance? Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Sy Cuong Vu , Huyen Trang Luu
Published: November 2024

This paper seeks to deepen our understanding of how local public investment and the quality of insititution impact enterprise performance in developing countries. The theoretical model presents two contrasting effects of public investment on enterprises. On the one hand, public investment can boost the marginal productivity of private capital. On the other hand, limited access to financing might crowd out private businesses. This study looks at enterprise survey data from 2011 to 2020 along with time series and cross-sectional data using a FEM (fixed effects model) across 63 provinces in Vietnam. The results show that the crowding-in effect is the most important. This effect is especially strong in provinces with robust institutions. The study underscores the crucial roles of local investment and institutional quality in enhancing business performance. Furthermore, macro factors like economic growth, inflation, and urbanization influence enterprise performance. The study also found that the number of employees has a positive impact on enterprise performance, while the age of the enterprise and its fixed assets have the opposite effect. To stimulate business growth, it is essential to sustain increases in local public investment, with a focus on infrastructure. The research findings highlight the importance of further enhancing the institutional environment.
Assessing the growth and spatial-temporal evolution of China's digital economy
Authors: Li Lin , Xiaobing Le , Chekima Brahim
Published: November 2024

This research examines the assessing growth and spatial-temporal evolution of China’s digital economy. There exists a notable imbalance in the advancement of the digital economy across different districts in China. To gain a comprehensive understanding of China's digital economy’s development, this study establishes an evaluation system to assess the level of digital economic growth. By employing metrics such as the difference coefficient, Moran’s I, and Moran scatter plot, the research delves into the spatial distribution characteristics of China's regional digital economy using provincial panel data from 2013 to 2020. The findings reveal a consistent alignment between the distribution of the regional digital economy and the country's geographical layout, with the development level regularly decreasing from east to west. The decreasing overall difference coefficient indicates a gradual convergence in the development level of the regional digital economy. Moreover, substantial spatial autocorrelation is observed, suggesting the formation of a relatively stable spatial pattern in the development of the digital economy.
Assessing the size of shadow economic activity in Malaysia based on the modified money demand model approach with structural break
Authors: Gamal Awadh Ahmed Mohammed , Salem Sultan Ali Mohammed , Tha Gan Pei , Jalil Norasibah Abdul , Umar Mohammed
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to address those methodological issues by exclusively applying the newest modification to the Money Demand Model (MDM) in the form of the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to estimate the Malaysian shadow economy (SE) from 1985 to 2020. Methodological errors and spurious regression issues hindered earlier studies on the Malaysian SE. Some studies included Malaysia in their analyses alongside other Asian countries with similar levels of development, without accounting for the distinct economic environments of these countries. This study accounts for the influence of economic uncertainty (EU) and structural breaks. The study finds that Malaysia's SE averaged 40.8% of its official gross domestic product (GDP), peaking in 1995–1996, after which it gradually declined and stabilized around 39.4% of GDP. This substantial size highlights the critical need for tailored economic policies to manage SE growth effectively. The findings not only provide a clearer understanding of the SE’s trajectory but also emphasize the importance of addressing illicit activities, particularly in connection to public spending and corruption. Future research should prioritize examining these hidden activities to uncover how the shadow economy impedes Malaysia’s progression toward becoming a developed nation and how informality affects broader economic progress.
Analyzing Banking Sector Risk and Capital Allocation: A Study on the Improvement of Risk-Weighted Assets and CRAR Compliance in 2023
Authors: Mallik Shuvo Kumar
Published: November 2024

This study examines the improvement in banking sector risk, measured by the Risk-Weighted Assets (RWA) density ratio, in 2023. It highlights the significant growth in RWA of credit risk compared to market and operational risks, and notes the banking industry's increased capital requirements despite a slight decrease in rated exposures as a percentage of total exposure. The overall Capital to Risk-weighted Asset Ratio (CRAR) surpassed the threshold, ensuring regulatory compliance. The analysis categorizes banks into five groups based on inherent features, ownership structure, and business models, providing insights into risk and capital allocation according to BASEL III.
Mother's knowledge of their children's oral health
Authors:   Chief assistant, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria, igova Ralitsa Bogovska-G
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Evaluating parental knowledge and practice regarding oral hygiene, feeding habits, and risk factors related to caries is essential, as this projects the parents' outlook toward their children's oral health.

Aim: The study aims to assess mothers' knowledge of children up to three years of age about oral health for their children.

Materials and methods: The subjects of the study were 90 mothers. Mothers' knowledge was collected after completing a questionnaire including 12 questions about their children's oral health.

Results: About 94% of the mothers did not visit a dentist to seek prevention or oral care for their child. 29% of mothers believe that long night feedings with a bottle can cause tooth decay. According to 62.22% of mothers, night breastfeeding and falling asleep at the breast is not a risk factor for caries development. Only 22.22% of all surveyed mothers have heard about early childhood caries. Most mothers (64.44%) do not know that the microorganisms that can cause caries can be transmitted from them to their children.

Conclusion: Our survey showed that young mothers need more knowledge regarding their children's oral health. Mothers must be educated and understand their essential role as 'promoters' of good oral health and habits for their children.
LüDERS AND PORTEVIN-LE CHATELIER BANDS AT THE STAGE OF ELASTOPLASTIC TRANSITION: NUCLEATION AND PROPAGATION
Authors: KHON YU.A.
Published: November 2024

The work is devoted to the theoretical study of the nucleation and propagation of Lüders bands on the yield plateau and of moving Portevin-Le Chatelier bands of type A (solitary waves of plastic flow) at the stage of parabolic hardening during strain aging. The proposed model considers collective deformation modes on the spatiotemporal mesoand macroscales. Strain aging changes the state of a deformable medium on the mesoscale. Deformation of a medium under constant-rate uniaxial tension is described by a system of two coupled nonlinear parabolic equations for dynamic order parameters. The coefficients of these equations depend on the impurity concentration. On the yield plateau, solutions of the equations in the form of a switching wave describe the nucleation (at the yield drop stage) and propagation of Lüders bands. Depending on the temperature and rate of deformation during strain aging, a yield drop may be repeated on the yield plateau. Its formation changes the mode of Lüders band propagation from constant-speed continuous to discrete one. At the strain hardening stage, the nucleation and propagation of the Portevin-Le Chatelier band are described by solutions in the form of a traveling autosoliton (a solitary wave of plastic flow).
ELECTRICAL DISINTEGRATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE: EXPERIMENT AND SIMULATION
Authors: BAKEEV R.A. , YUDIN A.S. , KUZNETSOVA N.S. , ZHGUN D.V. , STEFANOV YU.P.
Published: November 2024

The paper reports on physical experiments on disintegration of reinforced concrete by the pulsed electric method based on the Vorobiev effect. Concrete is fractured under the action of a compression wave propagating from the discharge channel between the electrode on the concrete surface and the reinforcement. Physical experiments are conducted on disintegration of pebble concrete. It is shown that a single pulse results in separate cracks in the material on retention of its integrity. Disintegration of concrete and the formation of a cavity at the point of application of the electrode begin after the second or third pulse. Computer simulation is made for the action of an expanding discharge channel on reinforced concrete. A structural model of reinforced concrete is plotted, explicitly taking into account its main constituents, namely, cement, stone inclusions, and reinforcement. The inelastic behavior of cement is described within the modified Drucker-Prager-Nikolaevsky model with a nonassociated flow rule for quasi-brittle media. Cracking is simulated using the fracture criterion based on tensile stresses. The performed numerical simulation confirms the conclusions of the physical experiment: a single pulse causes the formation of separate cracks parallel to the free surface, and the network of horizontal, vertical and inclined cracks appears in the cement after 2-3 pulses, resulting in a cavity at the point of application of the electrode. The formation of a cavity in reinforced concrete is governed by the presence of stone inclusions, whose boundaries serve as sites of redistribution of maximum tensile stresses and formation of vertical and inclined cracks, as well as of accumulation of irreversible strains and stresses retained in the cement after the first pulse.
STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE, PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS, AND SHAPE MEMORY EFFECT IN AMORPHOUS-CRYSTALLINE TINICU ALLOY
Authors: SHELYAKOV A.V. , SITNIKOV N.N. , KHACHATRYAN D.A. , ZALETOVA I.A.
Published: November 2024

Layered amorphous-crystalline TiNiCu alloy ribbons produced by ultrarapid quenching from the liquid state (melt spinning technique) show the two-way shape memory effect without additional processing, which makes them applicable to various micromechanical devices (microtweezers) for gripping and manipulating microobjects. The present work is devoted to the study of the influence of the rejuvenation process (cryogenic thermal cycling) and the thickness of the crystalline layer on the structure and functional properties of quasi-binary TiNi-TiCu alloy with the copper content 25 at %. It is shown that thickening of the crystalline layer significantly increases not only the enthalpy of martensitic transformation but also its critical temperatures and affects the alloy crystallization pattern and temperatures. Rejuvenation treatment transforms the interface between the amorphous and crystalline layers and changes the ratio between the B19 martensitic phase and the residual B2 austenitic phase in the martensitic state, which affects the martensitic transformation parameters. In addition, cryothermal treatment causes a noticeable increase in reversible strain (magnitude of the two-way shape memory effect) and significantly narrows the temperature hysteresis of the shape change, which can improve the functional properties of microdevices based on rapidly quenched amorphous-crystalline ribbons.
EFFECT OF VANADIUM-ALLOYING ON MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION AND STRENGTHENING MECHANISMS OF HIGH-NITROGEN STEEL PROCESSED BY HIGH-PRESSURE TORSION
Authors: ASTAFUROVA E.G. , MAIER G.G. , ASTAFUROV S.V.
Published: November 2024

We study the effect of high-pressure torsion on the microstructure, phase composition, microhardness, and strengthening mechanisms of high-nitrogen austenitic steels with different vanadium content: Fe-23Cr-19Mn-0.2C-0.5N, Fe-19Cr-21Mn-1.3V-0.3C-0.8N, and Fe-18Cr-23Mn-2.6V-0.3C-0.8N, wt %. Regardless of the chemical composition of the steels, high-pressure torsion (HPT) causes the refinement of their microstructure due to a high density of dislocations, twin boundaries, and shear bands. Vanadium alloying decreases the stacking fault probability in the structure of the steels and changes their dominating deformation mechanism under high-pressure torsion: from planar dislocation slip and twinning in the vanadium-free steel to dislocation slip with a tendency to shear band formation in the vanadium-alloyed steels. An increase in the vanadium content forces precipitation hardening. Thus, after HPT, the V-alloyed steels have a higher microhardness as compared to the vanadium-free one. Different strengthening factors (strain hardening, solid solution hardening, and precipitation strengthening) govern the value and kinetics of growth of microhardness of the steels processed by high-pressure torsion. Vanadium alloying and increasing its content result in the growth of the contribution of precipitation hardening and decreases strain hardening of high-nitrogen steels.
MODELING THE RESPONSE OF ADDITIVELY-MANUFACTURED HETEROGENEOUS METAL-CERAMIC SPECIMENS TO DYNAMIC IMPACT
Authors: BUZYURKIN A.E. , KRAUS A.E. , KRAUS E.I. , FOMIN V.M. , SHABALIN I.I.
Published: November 2024

The paper reports on experiments and numerical simulation of high-speed impact loading of additively-manufactured heterogeneous specimens. It is shown that the proposed model of direct numerical simulation of heterogeneous material based on random distribution of given materials over difference cells accurately reproduces the processes of deformation, fracture, and cratering under impact loading. A series of calculations were made to determine the ballistic efficiency of additively-manufactured heterogeneous metal-ceramic specimens using the DoP (depth-of-penetration) method. A procedure is proposed for estimating the efficiency of heterogeneous metal-ceramic specimens, revealing local maxima in it.
STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF THE FE-CO-NI-SI-B SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY TAPE MANUFACTURED BY THE SPINNING METHOD
Authors: SEMIN A.P. , GROMOV V.E. , IVANOV YU.F. , PANIN S.V. , KOLUBAEV E.A. , LITOVCHENKO I.YU. , BOROVSKII S.V.
Published: November 2024

A tape of high-entropy soft magnetic alloy Fe-Co-Ni-Si-B with the nonequiatomic composition and the thickness of ~70 μm was produced by spinning. Its structure, mechanical, tribological and magnetic properties were analyzed by experimental methods of the modern materials science. It was found that the studied material is in an amorphous (X-ray amorphous) state. The microhardness of the tape was HV = 8 GPa. Transmission electron microscopy on electrolytically polished foils showed that the size of structural elements of the tape did not exceed 10 nm. Ion etching led to crystallization of the foil and growth of nanocrystallites to several tens of nanometers. The tensile strength of the tape was more than 590 MPa at a low elongation to failure (1%). The distribution patterns of the longitudinal and transverse strain components were constructed, according to which no deformation macrolocalization occurred up to fracture. The wear intensity in the longitudinal direction of the tape was more than 4 times higher than that in the transverse direction. The magnetic properties were characterized by a hysteresis loop, with the maximum value of the specific magnetic moment being ~120 emu/g.
INFLUENCE OF STRUCTURE EVOLUTION AND LOAD LEVEL ON THE PROPERTIES OF CREEP AND RECOVERY CURVES PRODUCED BY A NONLINEAR MODEL FOR THIXOTROPIC VISCOELASTOPLASTIC MEDIA
Authors: KHOKHLOV A.V. , GULIN V.V.
Published: November 2024

This paper continues the systematic analytical study of the properties of the previously constructed nonlinear shear deformation model of thixotropic viscoelastoplastic media, which takes into account the mutual influence of deformation and structural evolution. The ability of the model to describe the behavior of liquid and solid media (solidifying/solidified) is analyzed. The focus is on the response properties of the model to stepwise loading, in particular, creep and recovery curves and curves of incremental cyclic loading. The goal is to find out what typical effects of viscoelastoplastic media the model can describe and what unusual effects/properties are generated by changes in the crosslinking degree compared to typical creep and recovery curves of structurally stable materials. A system of two nonlinear differential equations is obtained which describe the response of the system to a given loading program (not deformation program, as before), such as creep under constant load and arbitrary piecewise constant load. A general solution to the Cauchy problem for this system is constructed in explicit form for six arbitrary material parameters and an increasing material function governing the model, i.e., expressions are derived as quadratures for the shear strain and crosslinking degree as functions of time, which depend on the initial conditions and all parameters of the model and loading program. An analytical study is performed for the basic properties of the family of creep and recovery curves and the structural evolution in these processes, their dependence on time (monotonicity and convexity intervals, extrema, asymptotes, etc.), on the material parameters and function of the model, on the stress level and initial crosslinking degree of the material, and on the initial stage of loading to a given stress before creep. It was proven that creep curves always increase in time, do not have inflection points and have oblique asymptotes (although their initial portions can differ considerably from straight lines), and the crosslinking degree at constant stress (at each incremental loading step, in particular, at zero stress) is always monotonic unlike other loading modes, but can decrease or increase depending on the relationship between the stress level and the initial crosslinking degree at each incremental loading step. The model is shown to describe unusual effects observed in tests of some materials, e.g., the difference in the absolute values of strain jumps during loading and complete unloading and the opposite sign of residual strain with respect to the stress and strain signs at the creep stage. Several applicability indicators of the model were found, which can be conveniently verified using experimental data. The responses of the model to cyclic loading/unloading (creep/recovery), induced oscillations of the crosslinking degree, and their effect on the rate of plastic strain accumulation were studied.
Pengembangan LKPD pada Penerapan Project Based Learning (PjBL) untuk Materi Segitiga Siswa SMP Kelas VII
Authors: Putri Aniati Meisya , Candra Hastari Ratri
Published: November 2024

Matematika adalah ilmu pengetahuan yang membutuhkan pemikiran, logika, dan penalaran. Namun pada kenyataannya, tidak sedikit siswa yang menganggap bahwa matematika adalah pelajaran yang sulit untuk dipahami dan dipelajari. Dengan dikembangkannya LKPD menggunakan model pembelajaran project based learning (PjBL) diharapkan dapat mendukung proses pembelajaran yang efektif dan menyenangkan, meningkatkan keaktifan dan kreativitas siswa. Materi bangun datar segitiga merupakan materi dasar yang ada pada geometri dan banyak digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelayakan produk LKPD pada penerapan model pembelajaran project based learning (PjBL) untuk materi segitiga siswa SMP kelas VII. Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan metode penelitian research and development (R&D) 4D dari S.Thiagarajan, Dorothy S. Semmel, dan Melvyn I yang terdiri dari define, design, development, dan disseminate. Dengan menggunakan Teknik pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner dan teknik analisis data berupa penghitungan skor yang menggunakan penilaian skala Likert. Hasil validasi ahli perangkat memperoleh rerata 60%, ahli materi memperoleh rerata 86,6%, dan angket respon siswa memperoleh 88% dengan masing-masing penilaian  mendapatkan kategori “sangat layak”.
Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Matematis dan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Berbasis Hots Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif Siswa
Authors: Anila sari Anila , Lestari Mulyaningrum
Published: November 2024

Kemampuan literasi dan komunikasi matematis setiap siswa dipengaruhi oleh gaya kognitif mereka dalam memproses informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan literasi matematis dan komunikasi matematis siswa MTs NU Darul Anwar Cranggang berdasarkan gaya kognitif mereka. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket gaya kognitif, tes, dan wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif analitis dengan reduksi data, transmisi data, dan verifikasi data menggunakan triangulasi teknik untuk memastikan keabsahan hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa dengan gaya kognitif Field Independent menunjukkan kemampuan literasi matematis dan komunikasi matematis yang lebih baik dibandingkan siswa dengan gaya kognitif field dependent, karena siswa dengan gaya kognitif field independent lebih mampu dalam indikator kemampuan literasi matematis dan juga lebih mampu dalam indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematis.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Dasar Berbasis Multimedia
Authors: Putri Irma Yulya , Fadhilah Cut , Niesa Chaeroen , Asma Nurul , Noviyanti Noviyanti
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini membahas pengembangan aplikasi untuk belajar bahasa Inggris dasar yang menggunakan multimedia sebagai sarana bantu pendidikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan aplikasi pembelajaran guna meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di tingkat dasar dengan menggunakan teknologi multimedia. Pendekatan ini melibatkan pengembangan aplikasi yang menggabungkan teks, audio, video, dan elemen interaktif. Aplikasi ini dibuat untuk menawarkan pengalaman belajar yang lebih menarik dan interaktif dibandingkan dengan metode tradisional. Hasil dari pengembangan aplikasi ini diperoleh produk penelitian yang valid dan praktis serta menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam pemahaman dan keterampilan bahasa Inggris dasar siswa. Penggunaan multimedia membantu dalam memperjelas konsep, meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa, dan memfasilitasi berbagai gaya belajar. Selain itu, umpan balik dari siswa dan guru mengindikasikan bahwa aplikasi ini ramah pengguna dan efektif dalam mempertahankan minat siswa terhadap materi yang diajarkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah produk yang dikembangkan berada pada kategori valid dan praktis menurut pendapat ahli.
Examining effective monotherapy hypothesis for TB therapy failure and resistance emergence
Authors: Srivastava S. , Gumbo T.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
We tested the hypothesis that because of the different metabolic states of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in lesions, drugs in combination therapy often act effectively as monotherapy, leading to therapy failure and resistance
emergence.

METHODS
Bactericidal and sterilizing activity studies were performed in the hollow fiber system of TB (HFS-TB) using the human equivalent dose of isoniazid (INH) 300 mg/day, rifampin (RIF) 600 mg/day, and pyrazinamide (PZA)
1.5 g/day either as monotherapy, two-, and three-drug combination for 28 days. The Mtb population (log10 CFU/ml) for each drug, either monotherapy or combination, was compared using an analysis of variance.

RESULTS
In the bactericidal
activity studies, the microbial kill was driven by INH, followed by RIF, and PZA monotherapy failed. During the sterilizing activity, INH and RIF displayed similar microbial kill. The INH + RIF and RIF + PZA combinations were significantly different from each other but not from the INH + RIF
+ PZA combination. RIF and INH-resistant subpopulations did not increase despite premixing the inoculum with isogenic-resistant strains.

CONCLUSION
Effective monotherapy arising from the selectivity of antibiotics against special Mtb
sub-populations may not be the primary mechanism of resistance emergence. Different metabolic populations of Mtb were killed by more than one drug and were not under monotherapy when combination therapy was administered.
Risk factors for severe COPD exacerbation in Chinese adults
Authors: Yu W. , Lan Y. , Sun D. , Pei P. , Yang L. , Chen Y. , Du H. , Peng Y. , Yang X. , Chen J. , Chen Z. , Lv J. , Li L. , Yu C.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Severe exacerbation is the predominant cause of COPD hospitalisation. We investigated sex-specific risk factors of severe exacerbation and explored the potential interactions of regions, smoking status, and age.

METHODS
The
present study included 13,641 males and 13,051 females with spirometry-defined COPD at baseline from the China Kadoorie Biobank. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of risk factors with severe exacerbation were estimated using the Cox models.

RESULTS
During
a median of 11.5 years follow-up, 5,967 cases of COPD hospitalisation were recorded. GOLD (Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease) stage, tobacco smoking, and underweight were positively associated with COPD hospitalisation in both sexes. Stronger associations were observed in females
than in males; the corresponding HRs for males and females were respectively 1.87 (95% CI 1.73–2.03) and 2.47 (95% CI 2.24–2.72) for a history of respiratory diseases and 1.46 (95% CI 1.33–1.60) and 1.65 (95% CI 1.46–1.87) for coughing frequently and coughing up sputum
after getting up in the morning for ≥3 months. Higher risks were found among urban residents, non-current smokers, and patients <60 years old.

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings may help clinicians and the public to identify COPD patients
at high risk of exacerbation requiring hospitalisation and take targeted measures in time.
Accessibility and TB patient satisfaction in Nigeria
Authors: Alatise M.A. , Narasimhan P. , Gbadamosi M.D. , Chughtai A.A.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Nigeria ranks first in Africa and sixth among countries with a high Tuberculosis burden globally. The increasing incidence of drug resistance following poor treatment adherence among drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB) patients necessitates
reviewing TB services in Nigeria. This study explored accessibility and patient-reported experiences in newly established TB treatment facilities.

METHODS
In this comparative cross-sectional analytic study, we administered the Patient
Reported Experience Measure (PREM) questionnaire to 430 patients with DS-TB in 27 public and 18 private newly engaged facilities in Osun, Nigeria. Data were analysed using R Software.

RESULTS
Private facilities were more accessible (n
= 210, 97.2% vs n = 194, 90.7%; P = 0.004) and offered more satisfactory services (n = 209, 96.8% vs n = 194, 90.7%; P = 0.009). More patients in public facilities could not afford transportation costs (52.6% vs 35.8%; P = 0.007), and payment for services
was higher in private facilities (P < 0.001). After adjusting for covariates, the odds of experiencing satisfactory services were 3.12 times higher in private facilities (OR 3.12, 95%CI 1.19–8.15). Time-to-facility, marital status, and facility type predict patients’
experience.

CONCLUSION
Private facilities were more accessible and offered more satisfactory services. National TB programmes should decentralise TB services to private facilities and address gaps in public facilities.
A comprehensive person-centred TB care model, from malnutrition to mental health
Authors: Afaq S. , Zala
Published: November 2024

In recent years, research on TB multimorbidity has increasingly focused on integrated care delivery, particularly concerning common mental disorders (CMDs). Engagement with relevant stakeholders, including service users and providers, has highlighted the critical intersection of TB
and CMD, which affects a substantial percentage of individuals. Studies have found that depression affects approximately 45% of TB patients, and anxiety affects around 40%. Moreover, there is a significant evidence and service gap in delivering CMD care, which emphasises the need for a comprehensive
approach to address the dual burden of these health challenges.
Strategic adaptation and labor compliance: challenges and opportunities for american companies in Brazil
Authors: Santos Thiago Fernandes dos
Published: November 2024

This article analyzes the challenges faced by American companies operating in Brazil, with a specific focus on compliance with Brazilian labor legislation. Brazilian labor law has distinct characteristics compared to its U.S. counterpart, requiring strategic adaptation to avoid legal and financial risks. Thus, this study provides a concise overview of the main labor laws and regulations in Brazil, comparing them to American practices, as well as discussing strategies to mitigate challenges and explore opportunities for competitive advantage and benefits for American companies to establish themselves in the country. The article also presents a success story of an American company that has thrived in the Brazilian market. The methodology used is qualitative, involving bibliographic, legislative analysis, and concrete case studies. The expected results revolve around risk mitigation strategies and compliance with Brazilian labor legislation, indicating that American companies can not only avoid obstacles but also find new opportunities for growth and strengthening their presence in Brazil.
How american companies can navigate tax complexities in Brazil and seize opportunities
Authors: Santos Thiago Fernandes dos
Published: November 2024

The research explores the complexity of the Brazilian tax system, highlighting its relevance for American companies seeking to operate in the country. The objective is to analyze the challenges and complexities of this system, in addition to identifying opportunities and strategies to mitigate such discounts. The methodology used is a bibliographic review, which covers legislation and studies related to the topic. The conclusion reveals that, despite the difficulties, an in-depth understanding of tax legislation and the adoption of appropriate planning and compliance strategies can transform challenges into opportunities, promoting a fairer and more efficient business environment in Brazil. This approach is, therefore, essential for the sustainable development of companies in the current tax context.
A legal approach: artificial intelligence, agribusiness and the 2030 agenda
Authors: Santos Thiago Fernandes dos
Published: November 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the agribusiness sector, offering significant potential to improve efficiency, sustainability and productivity. By analyzing large amounts of data, AI can optimize resource management, predict crop productivity and detect diseases early, leading to increased agricultural production and reduced environmental impact. However, integrating AI into agriculture faces several challenges, including technological infrastructure, data accessibility, and regulatory hurdles. To fully realize the benefits of AI, it is crucial to address these challenges and develop a robust legal framework that protects intellectual property, ensures data privacy and encourages innovation. By aligning AI-driven agricultural practices with the UN Sustainable Development Goals, we can create a more sustainable and equitable future for global food production.
Desconsideração da personalidade jurídica: evolução da perícia contábil no âmbito judicial brasileiro
Authors: Langame Matheus Henrique Fernandes , Furlan Alessandra Cristina
Published: November 2024

Este artigo analisa a desconsideração da personalidade jurídica no Brasil, com foco na perícia contábil no âmbito judicial, bem como sua evolução legislativa e jurisprudencial. O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar como a perícia contábil contribui para a efetivação da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica, identificando fraudes e desvios patrimoniais que justificam a aplicação do instituto. A metodologia empregada é a pesquisa documental e bibliográfica. O estudo investiga a aplicação da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica antes e após as mudanças legislativas significativas, como o Código Civil de 2002 e o Código de Processo Civil de 2015, além de compreender a evolução jurisprudencial. Os resultados mostram que a perícia contábil é fundamental na identificação de irregularidades financeiras e na produção de provas técnicas, essenciais para decisões judiciais fundamentadas. Conclui-se que a evolução legislativa e jurisprudencial tem refinado a aplicação da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica, aumentando a eficácia desse instrumento na proteção dos direitos dos credores e na responsabilização de sócios e administradores por abusos.
Desafios e oportunidades na governança institucional: um olhar multidimensional
Authors: Lopes Gabriel César Dias
Published: November 2024

A governança institucional é um campo multifacetado que demanda abordagens multidimensionais para atender às complexas dinâmicas organizacionais e sociais. Este artigo sintetiza contribuições acadêmicas recentes sobre o tema, abordando os desafios e as oportunidades associadas à governança em diversas dimensões. Estudos destacam a discrepância entre modelos documentados e práticas reais, a relevância dos determinantes sociotécnicos, a evolução da governança urbana, a multiplicidade de interpretações do conceito de governança e os mecanismos contratuais e relacionais interorganizacionais. Pesquisas sugerem que a eficácia da governança depende de aspectos relacionais e adaptativos, além de apontarem a necessidade de maior integração e holismo nos estudos sobre governança. Modelos inovadores e estratégias de capacitação de stakeholders são propostas para avançar a governança institucional, promovendo sustentabilidade, inclusão e colaboração eficaz.
Influência da lingua brasileira de sinais na qualidade do atendimento na atenção primária em saúde
Authors: Vitorino Vitória de Aguiar , Macedo Ana Carolina Corrêa , Conceição Kauane Targino , Fernandes Taynara Augusta
Published: November 2024

O presente estudo investiga a capacitação dos profissionais de saúde para o atendimento de pacientes surdos em Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) em Porto Nacional, Tocantins, focando na fluência em LIBRAS e nas percepções sobre barreiras comunicativas. Com base na Política Nacional de Humanização e no direito à acessibilidade, a pesquisa justifica-se pela necessidade de reduzir as desigualdades no acesso à saúde enfrentadas pela população surda. Foi conduzido um estudo transversal com questionário validado aplicado a profissionais de saúde, resultando em 31 respostas válidas de um total de 75 abordagens, indicando uma adesão de 41,3%. Os resultados mostram que 65% dos profissionais já atenderam pacientes surdos, mas 84% relatam sentir-se despreparados para essa comunicação. Apenas 10% possuem algum curso de capacitação em LIBRAS, e a maioria possui fluência limitada, indicando uma barreira significativa para o atendimento inclusivo. Alternativas como gestos, escrita e tecnologias assistivas foram mencionadas, mas estas não substituem a capacitação formal em LIBRAS. Esses achados ressaltam a necessidade de políticas e capacitação contínua para promover um atendimento humanizado e acessível à comunidade surda, alinhado aos princípios do SUS de universalidade e equidade.
Perspectiva curricular ciência-tecnologia-sociedade- ambiente: uma investigação do enfoque CTSA em livros didáticos de 6º e 7º anos do Ensino Fundamental II de Ciências Naturais à luz da BNCC
Authors: Maciel Renan Carlos Ferreira Picanço , Costa Fábio José Souza , Pereira Gerlany de Fátima dos Santos
Published: November 2024

O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral investigar em livros didáticos de Ciências Naturais do 6º e 7º anos do Ensino Fundamental II a abordagem da perspectiva CTSA à luz da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). E como objetivos específicos: verificar o que diz a BNCC para o ensino de Ciências no 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental e o que vemos nos livros Didáticos do 6º ano das Coleções Didáticas sobre a abordagem CTSA e averiguar o que diz a BNCC para o ensino de Ciências no 7º ano o Ensino Fundamental e o que vemos nos livros Didáticos do 7º ano das Coleções Didáticas sobre a abordagem CTSA. Para tal, foi utilizada a abordagem qualitativa no contexto de uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Os dados foram analisados mediante análise de conteúdo nos termos de Bardin (2011). Os resultados evidenciaram que em geral, os livros analisados, vêm apresentando abordagens com vistas ao ensino mediado pela abordagem CTSA. A recomendação é que os documentos oficiais brasileiros não deixem de abordar e sugerir o trabalho em sala de aula, com esses temas e que, isso reverbere diretamente na qualidade do ensino de Ciências.
Doença Renal Crônica no Brasil: uma análise do impacto no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) entre 2019 e 2021
Authors: Andrade João Pedro Paulo de , Assis Alberto Hafid Dantas , Souza Emídio José de , Nunes Nadson Lopes , Diniz Yan Carlos de Sousa , Silveira Eduardo Queiroz Avelar , Morais Hugo Vinicius Neves , Ferreira Gabriel Rodrigues de Assis
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) é um problema crescente de saúde pública no Brasil, gerando altos custos para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), especialmente em estágios avançados que requerem tratamentos como hemodiálise e transplante renal. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o impacto econômico da DRC no SUS entre 2019 e 2021. Método: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com abordagem quantitativa e documental, utilizou-se dados do DATASUS, Controladoria Geral da União (CGU) e Sistema Nacional de Transplantes (SNT) para avaliar os custos associados ao tratamento da DRC no trienio de 2019 a 2021 no Brasil. Resultados: Internações, hemodiálises e transplantes foram responsáveis pela maior parte dos gastos com DRC no SUS, com a hemodiálise representando 79% dos custos. Embora os exames de rastreio tenham um custo significativamente menor, sua baixa utilização leva à progressão da doença, resultando em tratamentos mais caros. O diagnóstico precoce poderia reduzir os gastos com terapias de substituição renal e internações. Conclusão: A DRC gera um impacto econômico substancial no SUS, com os tratamentos mais caros dominando os custos. Investir em prevenção e diagnóstico precoce pode reduzir os gastos a longo prazo e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Qualidade de vida de mães de crianças com Síndrome Congênita de Zika: antes e durante a pandemia pelo COVID-19
Authors: Ortoni Gabriela Eiras , Rocha Andrea Souza , Veríssimo Thereza Cristina Rodrigues Abdalla , Moreira Mônica Izabella Chagas , Ribeiro Maysa Ferreira Martins , Prudente Cejane Oliveira Martins
Published: November 2024

Esse estudo teve como objetivo comparar a qualidade de vida de mães de crianças com Síndrome Congênita de Zika (SCZ) antes e durante a pandemia pelo COVID-19. Estudo longitudinal, com 23 mães de crianças com SCZ em acompanhamento em um centro de reabilitação na região central do Brasil. Foram aplicados em dois momentos, com intervalo de 18 meses, um questionário de perfil sociodemográfico e clínico das mães e crianças e o World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-Bref). As mães de crianças com SCZ tinham média de idade de 31,61 ± 6,39 anos. Não houve diferença nos domínios e escore total do WHOQOL-Bref ao comparar antes e durante a pandemia (p>0,05). Conclui-se que a qualidade de vida dessas mães permaneceu inalterada com a pandemia; mesmo diante deste achado, é necessário a reformulação das políticas públicas existentes, visando melhorar a qualidade de vida desta população, principalmente em relação ao meio ambiente.
Uberização, empreendedorismo neoliberal e governamentalidade: um livre pensar sobre o que fazemos de nós
Authors: Queiroz Pedro Felipe de Sá , Moreira Vanessa Suellen Arcoverde , Justo Iracema Tatiana Ribeiro Leite , Camargo Andrea Barbosa , Costa Flávia Zimmerle da Nóbrega
Published: November 2024

O fenômeno da uberização denota a inscrição do trabalhador ao modo de trabalho precarizado, num cenário de crise nos postos de trabalho, cultura do empreendedorismo e cultura do “jeitinho brasileiro”. Estudiosos avaliam que o empreendedorismo neoliberal revela a nova organização do trabalho, exploradora do trabalhador e degradadora de seus direitos. Neste ensaio, à luz do pensamento foucaultiano, debruçamo-nos sobre as redes de força que envolvem o fenômeno. Em complemento às discussões, inversamente, ponderamos como os trabalhadores se permitem explorar, considerando que a inscrição em sujeições é voluntária.  A exploração do trabalho se evidenciou como uma moral conformadora da governamentalidade pautada na relação entre as razões do “jeitinho brasileiro” e do neoliberalismo, naturalizando a precarização. A moralidade da exploração se exerceu atrelada ao lucro (social e/ou financeiro), reforçando os nefastos prejuízos para as socialidades. Contudo, em nossa cultura, a grelha de forças que atua sobre o indivíduo, também, permanentemente seja transformadora de realidades.
Formação continuada docente e recursos tecnológicos digitais na perspectiva do compartilhamento do conhecimento: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Alves Miriam Aparecida Beckhauser , Sartori Viviane , Lara Ângela Mara de Barros
Published: November 2024

O uso dos recursos tecnológicos digitais é um aliado para a formação docente por viabilizar o compartilhamento do conhecimento e, ainda, por oportunizar aos professores práticas pedagógicas inovadoras, corroborando com os processos educacionais. Considerando o que preconiza os estudos científicos, que evidenciam o uso dos recursos tecnológicos digitais, existe a necessidade expressiva de formação docente para tal, uma vez que estes recursos são reconhecidos como estratégias eficazes para auxiliar as trocas de experiência e de conhecimento profissional. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi o de realizar um levantamento teórico para auxiliar na compreensão dos processos de formação docente destinados aos professores da educação básica, além de destacar a relevância do compartilhamento do conhecimento nas formações continuadas voltadas, especificamente, para as tecnologias digitais no ambiente escolar. Em termos metodológicos classifica-se como uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de natureza básica, exploratória, descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa. Tomou-se o protocolo de busca para revisão de literatura, adaptando o modelo de Denyer e Tranfield (2009). Os resultados revelam a necessidade de repensar a formação continuada dos professores ofertadas no ambiente escolar, especialmente no que diz respeito ao uso de recursos tecnológicos digitais, a fim de melhorar as práticas pedagógicas e alinhá-las à sociedade do conhecimento. Verificou-se, ainda, a necessidade de revisar os planos de formação docente institucionalizados pelo governo para mitigar falhas nos processos de formação continuada dos professores, principalmente aqueles relacionados aos recursos tecnológicos digitais.