bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the Residual SYNTAX Score on Outcomes of Revascularization in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease
Authors: Loutfi Mohamed , Ayad Sherif , Sobhy Mohamed
Published: March 2016

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (P-PCI) has become the preferred reperfusion strategy in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) when performed by an experienced team in a timely manner. However, no consensus exists regarding the management of multivessel coronary disease detected at the time of P-PCI.

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the residual SYNTAX score (rSS) following a complete vs. culprit-only revascularization strategy in patients with STEMI and multivessel disease (MVD) to quantify the extent and complexity of residual coronary stenoses and their impact on adverse ischemic outcomes.

Methods

Between October 1, 2012, and November 30, 2013, we enrolled 120 consecutive STEMI patients with angiographic patterns of multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) who had a clinical indication to undergo PCI. The patients were subdivided into those who underwent culprit-only PCI (60 patients) and those who underwent staged-multivessel PCI during the index admission or who were staged within 30 days of the index admission (60 patients). Both the groups were well matched with regard to clinical statuses and lesion characteristics. Clinical outcomes at one year were collected, and the baseline SYNTAX score and rSS were calculated.

Results

The mean total stent length (31.07 ± 12.7 mm vs. 76.3 ± 14.1 mm) and the number of stents implanted per patient (1.34 ± 0.6 vs. 2.47 ± 0.72) were higher in the staged-PCI group. The rSS was higher in the culprit-only PCI group (9.7 ± 5.7 vs. 1.3 ± 1.99). The angiographic and clinical results after a mean follow-up of 343 ± 75 days demonstrated no significant difference in the occurrence of in-hospital Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE) between both the groups (6.7% vs. 5%, P = 1.000). However, patients treated with staged PCI with an rSS ≤8 had significant reductions in one-year MACCE (10.7% vs. 30.5%, P = 0.020*), death/Myocardial infarction (MI)/Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (5% vs. 13.8%, P = 0.016*), and repeat revascularization (4.8% vs. 25%, P = 0.001*). We found that culprit-only, higher GRACE risk scores at discharge and an rSS >8 were independent predictors of MACCE at one year.

Conclusions

Staged PCI that achieves reasonable complete revascularization (rSS ≤8) improves mid-term survival and reduces the incidence of repeat PCI in patients with STEMI and MVD. Nonetheless, large-scale randomized trials are required to establish the optimal revascularization strategy for these high-risk patients.
Ensuring Resident Competence: A Narrative Review of the Literature on Group Decision Making to Inform the Work of Clinical Competency Committees
Authors: Hauer Karen E. , Cate Olle ten , Boscardin Christy K. , Iobst William , Holmboe Eric S. , Chesluk Benjamin , Baron Robert B. , O'Sullivan Patricia S.
Published: March 2016

The expectation for graduate medical education programs to ensure that trainees are progressing toward competence for unsupervised practice prompted requirements for a committee to make decisions regarding residents' progress, termed a clinical competency committee (CCC). The literature on the composition of these committees and how they share information and render decisions can inform the work of CCCs by highlighting vulnerabilities and best practices.Background

 We conducted a narrative review of the literature on group decision making that can help characterize the work of CCCs, including how they are populated and how they use information.Objective

 English language studies of group decision making in medical education, psychology, and organizational behavior were used.Methods

 The results highlighted 2 major themes. Group member composition showcased the value placed on the complementarity of members' experience and lessons they had learned about performance review through their teaching and committee work. Group processes revealed strengths and limitations in groups' understanding of their work, leader role, and information-sharing procedures. Time pressure was a threat to the quality of group work.Results

 Implications of the findings include the risks for committees that arise with homogeneous membership, limitations to available resident performance information, and processes that arise through experience rather than deriving from a well-articulated purpose of their work. Recommendations are presented to maximize the effectiveness of CCC processes, including their membership and access to, and interpretation of, information to yield evidence-based, well-reasoned judgments.Conclusions
Teaching Health Center Graduate Medical Education Locations Predominantly Located in Federally Designated Underserved Areas
Authors: Barclift Songhai C. , Brown Elizabeth J. , Finnegan Sean C. , Cohen Elena R. , Klink Kathleen
Published: March 2016

The Teaching Health Center Graduate Medical Education (THCGME) program is an Affordable Care Act funding initiative designed to expand primary care residency training in community-based ambulatory settings. Statute suggests, but does not require, training in underserved settings. Residents who train in underserved settings are more likely to go on to practice in similar settings, and graduates more often than not practice near where they have trained.Background

 The objective of this study was to describe and quantify federally designated clinical continuity training sites of the THCGME program.Objective

 Geographic locations of the training sites were collected and characterized as Health Professional Shortage Area, Medically Underserved Area, Population, or rural areas, and were compared with the distribution of Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)–funded training positions.Methods

 More than half of the teaching health centers (57%) are located in states that are in the 4 quintiles with the lowest CMS-funded resident-to-population ratio. Of the 109 training sites identified, more than 70% are located in federally designated high-need areas.Results

 The THCGME program is a model that funds residency training in community-based ambulatory settings. Statute suggests, but does not explicitly require, that training take place in underserved settings. Because the majority of the 109 clinical training sites of the 60 funded programs in 2014–2015 are located in federally designated underserved locations, the THCGME program deserves further study as a model to improve primary care distribution into high-need communities.Conclusions
A Survey to Evaluate the Awareness of Various Treatment Modalities to Replace Missing Teeth among Patients Visiting Kasturba Hospital, Manipal: A Prosthodontic Perspective
Authors: Teja SV Siva , Kumar Vishnu Ravi , George Vinu Thomas
Published: March 2016

Background

The disabilities associated with oral health; like missing teeth, are many. The management of these disabilities is of utmost importance to any dental practitioner.

Materials and methods

This study was conducted at the outpatient department (OPD) of Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, located in Udupi district of South-West Karnataka, with a population of 11.7 lakh of whom 305 patients (146 females and 159 males) took part in the study to assess their awareness to various treatment options available to replace missing teeth.

The subjects filled out a close-ended questionnaire of 11 questions; clinical examination of the oral cavity then followed. They all had at least 1 missing tooth (3rd molars excluded). The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 2.0, with a Chi-square test significance level of p < 0.05.

Results

Of the 305 patients who participated, 69.2% of males and females wanted to get their teeth replaced.

The remaining 15.2% males and 12.6% females who did not want to get their teeth replaced stated that the lack of time prevented them from doing so. A total of 5% of females and a 1.4% of males said that previous traumatic dental experience prevented them from getting treatment.

Majority of both men and women were aware of the removable partial prosthesis as a treatment option (71.9% males and 74.9% females). A small portion of the study group, 21.9% males and 25.2% of females were aware of dental implants.

The most preferred treatment option, chosen by 53.5% females and 49.3% males was the fixed partial prosthesis (tooth supported).

These findings indicate that 56% of women were more inclined to avail treatment for missing teeth, and only 44% of men felt the need to avail treatment.

A total of 76.7% males and 76.1% females felt that their masticatory functions were affected.

Conclusion

The findings indicate that awareness regarding implants is lacking, and that motivation brought about by outreach programs has not yet reached most sections of the Indian society.

How to cite this article

Teja SVS, Kumar VR, George VT. A Survey to Evaluate the Awareness of Various Treatment Modalities to Replace Missing Teeth among Patients Visiting Kasturba Hospital, Manipal: A Prosthodontic Perspective. World J Dent 2015;6(4):217-221.
Articulators through the Years Revisited: From 1700 to 1900—Part I
Authors: Jain Ashish R
Published: March 2016

Many articles in the dental literature pertaining to articulators deal with the theory and development of articulating instruments, directions for use, explanations of deficiencies and methods recommended for overcoming them, detailed mechanical interpretations of the instruments, and various systems of classification. There have been a series of articulators that have been introduced if we glance at the past; the numbers are many and the dentist becomes confused as to which one to choose. This article which will be published in four parts, provides a pictorial history of the articulators in the collection.

How to cite this article

Jain AR. Articulators through the Years Revisited: From 1700 to 1900—Part I. World J Dent 2015;6(4):222-225.
Assessment of Healing of a Large Radicular Cyst using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: Two Years Follow-up
Authors: Kamath Abhay Taranath , Pai Swathi , Bhagania Manish , Saraswathi M Vidya
Published: March 2016

Surgical enucleation of a radicular cyst is a common treatment in endodontics but the pretreatment planning and assessment of the post-treatment healing in the cystic cavity is of utmost importance. The advantage of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in endodontics is that it demonstrates anatomic features in three dimensions that is not possible with intraoral periapical (IOPA) and panoramic radiographic images. In this case report, a CBCT was done to evaluate the size and extent of the radicular cyst in the maxillary anterior region and was enucleated. Apicoectomy was done and the hollow cavity was filled with platelet rich fibrin. A postoperative CBCT was done 2 years later to assess the healing. Specific situations, both pre- and postoperatively, where the understanding of spatial relationships afforded by CBCT facilitates diagnosis, influences treatment and assess healing.

How to cite this article

Pai S, Kamath AT, Bhagania M, Shenoy N, Saraswathi MV. Assessment of Healing of a Large Radicular Cyst using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: Two Years Follow-up. World J Dent 2016;7(1):47-50.
Critical success factors for implementing risk management systems in developing countries
Authors: Hosseini M.Reza , Chileshe Nicholas , Jepson Jacqueline , Arashpour Mehrdad
Published: March 2016

A review of published studies on risk management in developing countries reveals that critical success factors for implementing risk management has remained an under-researched area of investigation. This paper is aimed at investigating the perceptions of construction professionals concerning the critical success factors (CSFs) for implementation of risk management systems (IRMS). Survey data was collected from 87 construction professionals from the Iranian construction industry as a developing country. The results indicate that four factors are regarded as highly critical: ‘support from managers’, ‘inclusion of risk management in construction education and training courses for construction practitioners’, ‘attempting to deliver projects systematically’, and ‘awareness and knowledge of the process for implementing risk management’. Assessing the associations among CSFs also highlighted the crucial role of enhancing the effectiveness of knowledge management practices in construction organisations. Study also revealed that parties involved in projects do not agree on the level of importance of CSFs for implementing risk management in developing countries. This study contributes to practice and research in several ways. For practice, it increases understanding of how closely knowledge management is associated with the implementation of risk management systems in developing countries. For research, the findings would encourage construction practitioners to support effective knowledge management as a precursor to higher levels of risk management implementation on construction projects.
From ideas to construction innovations: firms and universities collaborating
Authors: Bröchner Jan , Lagerqvist Ove
Published: March 2016

The purpose here is to study patterns of project collaboration found in one government supported programme for construction innovation. Preferred types of interaction were identified using data from two questionnaire surveys, one with experienced construction sector respondents and one aimed at construction researchers. All sixteen development projects within the Swedish Bygginnovationen programme were investigated, relying on documents and a survey of project managers. Important types of interaction, according to construction respondents, are informal contacts, joint research projects and staff mobility. For university respondents, informal contacts is also seen as the most important type of interaction, followed by MSc thesis work in firms and industrial PhD candidates. Grant applicants from manufacturing depended more on university laboratories and were less sensitive to firm/university distance. Laboratory use was also more frequent for projects relying on the field of materials engineering. In conclusion, there is a consensus about which types of collaboration are valuable. The broadness of participation in the programme, ranging over many industries, both as to origin of ideas and ultimate applications, reaches beyond narrow interpretations of the construction industry. Policy makers should recognize the innovation importance of university laboratory facilities and field testing, rather than seeing researchers as sources of ideas.
A comparative study of floor construction on sloping sites: an analysis of cumulative energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Ding Grace , Forsythe Perry
Published: March 2016

In order to make environmentally aware decisions, there is growing interest in the comparative energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) performance of competing construction methods. Little research has been done concerning competing ground floor construction methods, especially given different site variables, such as slope and soil type. A life cycle assessment approach was adopted to analyse environmental impacts, including cumulative energy demand and GHG emissions for detached housing construction in Australia. Data was drawn from 24 case study housing projects, including 12 reinforced concrete and 12 suspended timber floor projects. The data presented in the paper compares cumulative energy demand, GHG and the constituent parts of competing construction methods. The findings indicate that the timber floors use/create significantly less cumulative energy demand and GHG emissions than concrete floors—approximately 2.1 to 2.7 times less energy and 2.3 to 2.9 times less GHG. These findings are limited to the site slope and foundation soil types identified in the paper. The main application of the work is in guidance concerning the lowest environmental impact options for detached housing construction.
Using geomorphometry for hydro-geomorphological analysis in a Mediterranean research catchment
Authors: Guida Domenico , Cuomo Albina , Palmieri Vincenzo
Published: March 2016

Abstract. The aim of the paper is to apply an object-based geomorphometric procedure to define the runoff contribution areas and support a hydro-geomorphological analysis on a 3-km2 Mediterranean research catchment (southern Italy). Daily and sub-hourly discharge and electrical conductivity data were collected and recorded based on three-year monitoring activity. Hydro-chemograph analyses on these data revealed a strong seasonal hydrological response in the catchment that were different from the stormflow events that occurred in the wet period and in dry periods. This analysis enabled us to define the hydro-chemograph signatures related to increasing flood magnitude, which progressively involves various runoff components (base flow, subsurface flow and surficial flow) and an increasing contributing area to discharge. Field surveys and water table/discharge measurements carried out during a selected storm event enabled us to identify and map specific runoff source areas with homogeneous geomorphological units previously defined as hydro-geomorpho-types (spring points, diffuse seepage along the main channel, seepage along the riparian corridors, diffuse outflow from hillslope taluses and concentrate sapping from colluvial hollows). Following the procedures previously proposed and used by authors for object-based geomorphological mapping, a hydro-geomorphologically-oriented segmentation and classification was performed with an e-Cognition (Trimble, Inc) package. The best agreement with the expert-based geomorphological mapping was obtained with weighted profile and plane curvature sum at different-size windows. Combining the hydro-chemical analysis and object-based hydro-geomorpho-type map, the variability of the contribution areas was graphically modelled for the selected event which occurred during the wet season by using the log values of flow accumulation that better fit the contribution areas. The results enabled us to identify the runoff component on hydro-chemograph for each time step and to calculate a specific discharge contribution from each hydro-geomorpho-type. This kind of approach could be usefull applied to similar, rainfall-dominated, forested and no-karst catchments in the Mediterranean eco-region.
Joining technologies for a temperature-stable integration of a LTCC-based pressure sensor
Authors: Schilm J. , Goldberg A. , Partsch U. , Dürfeld W. , Arndt D. , Pönicke A. , Michaelis A.
Published: March 2016

Abstract. Besides the well-known application as circuit boards and housings, multilayer low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) offer a flexible and temperature-stable platform for the development of complex sensor elements. Commercial LTCC qualities are usually available with a matching set of metallization pastes which allow the integration of various electrical functions. However, for the integration of ceramic sensor elements based on LTCC into standardized steel housings it is necessary to compensate the mismatching thermal expansion behaviour. Therefore balancing elements made of Kovar® (Fe–29 wt% Ni–17 wt% Co) and alumina ceramic (Al2O3) can be used. These components have to be joined hermetically to each other and to the LTCC sensors. In this study, brazing experiments were performed for combinations of Kovar–Al2O3 and Kovar–LTCC with Ag–Cu–Ti- and Ag–Cu–In–Ti-based commercial braze filler metals, Cusil-ABA® and Incusil®-ABA, respectively. For both active braze filler metals, optimized processing parameters were investigated to realize hermetic Kovar–Al2O3 and Kovar–LTCC joints.
Thinning of the Quelccaya Ice Cap over the last thirty years
Authors: Chadwell C. D. , Hardy D. R. , Braun C. , Brecher H. H. , Thompson L. G.
Published: March 2016

Abstract. Direct measurements of the decadal response of Tropical glaciers to environmental changes are difficult to acquire within their accumulation zones. In 2013, we used dual-frequency kinematic GPS to re-measure the surface elevations at 46 sites, from the margin to across the summit of the Quelccaya Ice Cap, first measured in 1983 using terrestrial surveying methods. In 2015, six additional sites on the western margin, first observed in 1978, were remeasured. Over the past 30 years, the ice cap summit has thinned by 4.41 ± 0.23 m (2σ), with a maximum ice loss at one site near the margin of 63.4 ± 0.34 m (2σ) over 37 years. Using geophysical methods that located the sub-glacial bedrock, we estimate the unit-volume of ice in 1983 along a profile from the 1983 margin to the summit and then the change in volume from 1983 to 2013 by differencing the surface elevations. Over the past 30 years, 21.2 ± 0.3 % (2σ) of the ice unit-volume has been lost suggesting an average annual mass balance rate of −0.5 ± 0.1 m w.e. a−1 (2σ). Increasing air temperature at high elevations of the Andes is likely a major driver of the observed changes. Specifically, within the ablation zone, thinning is likely caused by a 1–2 m w.e. a−1 increase in melting and sublimation above steady-state.Within the accumulation zone, analysis of annual, dry-season summit pits suggests that surface lowering may be caused by both a slight decrease in net snow accumulation and an increase in firnification rate, though this interpretation yet lacks statistical significance. The role of ice flux changes since 1983/4 remains unconstrained, awaiting updated measurements of ice surface velocities across the ice cap.
Resistência antimicrobiana de amostras de Staphylococcus aureus isoladas de recém-nascidos saudáveis
Authors: Paiano Marcelle , Bedendo João
Published: March 2016

Staphylococcus aureus oxacilina resistente é um dos principais patógenos associados à etiologia das infecções nosocomiais. Em recém-nascidos, a transmissão de S. aureus pode ocorrer durante o parto, mas também por meio de contato com familiares, profissionais da saúde e ambiente. O estudo foi realizado num hospital universitário no período de fevereiro a abril de 2007 e teve como objetivo determinar a freqüência de portadores nasais de S. aureus entre recém-nascidos saudáveis, verificar o perfil de susceptibilidade das espécies isoladas frente aos antimicrobianos usualmente empregados na prática clínica e identificar a presença do gene mecA, que codifica a resistência a oxacilina. S. aureus foram isolados em 45 (90%) dos 50 indivíduos estudados e a resistência à oxacilina, determinada pelo método da Concentração Inibitória Mínima, foi observada em 5 amostras (11,1%). Destas amostras, em 4 (80%) foi detectada a presença do gene mecA. Destarte, os profissionais de saúde precisam estar particularmente atentos para a identificação de carreadores de S. aureus; pois estão diretamente envolvidos no cuidado e devem tomar precauções para controlar e prevenir sua disseminação.
EFFECT OF LEWIS ACID/BASE ADDUCTS AS A SILANIZATION CATALYST IN RUBBER COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SILICA
Authors: Tanabe Yusuke , Miyoshi Koichiro , Kirino Yoshiaki
Published: March 2016

Silica-filled rubber compositions with good physical properties after curing, like those containing mercaptosilane, often have problems with processability. So, balancing the curing properties and processability of the compositions to a high level is very important. Controlling the silanization process is considered to be one of the key factors in solving this problem. Therefore, this study has focused on the effective silanization by using Lewis acid/base adduct containing boron atoms as the silanization catalyst. Blending the catalyst, triphenylphosphine–triphenylborane complex (PB-complex) or pyridine–triphenylborane complex (NB-complex) into the rubber compositions has been found to improve the tan δ balance at high and low temperatures without impeding processability. This result indicates that effective silanization using catalysts is important to balance the properties before and after curing; and the PB- and NB-complex can act as an effective silanization catalyst even in the mixing process. The acceleration of silanization by using the catalysts has been confirmed by the results of model reactions between silica and silane coupling agents in the presence or absence of the PB-complex in organic solvent.
Corpus-Based Versus Traditional Collocation Learning: The Case of Iranian EFL Learners
Authors: Mohammadi Foomani Elham , Khalaji Karim
Published: March 2016

A vital aspect of word knowledge is knowledge of collocations. Regarding its central role in accurate and fluent use of words, it is essential to consider collocation learning as integral to the study of vocabulary. While different methods are proposed for teaching collocations, the efficiency of these methods is yet subject to question. This study sought to investigate the effectiveness of corpus-based learning of verb-noun collocations as opposed to the traditional methods. To this aim Collin Collocation Dictionary was used as a concordancing tool for learning collocations. Forty five upper-intermediate students divided randomly into control and experimental groups were studied. A pre-test was conducted to both groups before the experiment. Next, in 4 subsequent weeks, the experimental group was provided with 24 concordance collocations and was required to identify the collocations and miscollocations while the control group received traditional collocation training through texts. At the end of the teaching procedure a post-test as well as a writing task were administered to compare students’ collocation learning and their accurate application of collocations in the writing task. In a final step, an interview was conducted to gain insight into students’ perceptions of the design. The results indicated the experimental groups’ advantage in collocation acquisition as well as their application in writings. The interview results with seven students indicated their positive perceptions of the corpus-based design despite the reported limitations.
Identidades e relações de poder nos cristianismos originários: as cartas de Cícero e Paulo em perspectiva comparada
Authors: Chevitarese André Leonardo , Justi Daniel Brasil
Published: March 2016

O presente ensaio visa discutir o processo de formação de identidades em contexto de cristianismos originários no interior do mundo romano. Para tanto, cumpre perceber de que forma as interações entre agentes históricos e cultura na qual estavam inseridos moldam os resultados e estratégias de processos comunicativos. Neste ensaio, as cartas de Cícero e Paulo são consideradas como potentes instrumentos que revelam relações de poder e construção de identidades em seus respectivos tempos e espaços
Entre hipótesis de conflicto y sociedad comercial. Puerto Quequén (Argentina) y los puertos del Brasil, 1929-1955
Authors: Mateo José Antonio
Published: March 2016

A partir da Grande Depressão, as relações econômicas do pós-guerra entre países experimentaram um período de acomodação. O mercado global de alimentos sofreu fortes alterações, onde um número de países competiu para a localização dos seus excedentes agrícolas. Mudanças na demanda internacional, em termos de comércio e as restrições impostas à entrada de produtos para os países participantes na exportação de commodities, como a Argentina, levantou mercados residuais para vender os seus excedentes agrícolas. Esta nova situação além de industrialização por substituição, gerado principalmente na região por Argentina e Brasil, também enfraqueceu a dependência regional de seus parceiros comerciais tradicionais, permitindo a integração de suas economias e fortalecer associação comercial Alternativamente, gerando um fluxo de troca trigo, consolidado e que sobrevivera à guerra em uma integração que seguiria caminhos dieferntes para possibilidade de conflito ou de interesses visaram promover a discórdia entre Argentina e Brasil. Neste trabalho, procuramos medir e avaliar este processo de transporte desde Puerto Quequén -na província de Buenos Aires, Argentina, entre 1929 e 1955.
Entre o terror e o desbunde: A oposição aos governos militares brasileiros na visão de Carlinhos Oliveira em “Um novo animal na floresta” (1968-1981)
Authors: Silva Jean Carllo de Souza , Silva Márcia Pereira da
Published: March 2016

O artigo aborda o livro Um novo animal da floresta, romance de autoria do cronista José Carlos Oliveira. Por meio das aventuras da personagem Carlinhos, o autor, de mesmo nome, problematiza a tensão de pessoas que viveram as décadas de 60 e 70 do século XX em ambientes propícios para a adesão à guerrilha, mas optaram pela legalidade e por não integrarem grupos e manifestações nem de esquerda, nem de direita.
Árvores de boa semente: silvicultura, preservação da natureza e agricultura na Primeira República
Authors: Meira Roberta Barros , Carelli Mariluci Neis
Published: March 2016

Este artigo é uma análise do pensamento em prol da silvicultura e da preservação das florestas brasileiras e do seu papel na organização e feitura do Serviço Florestal no Brasil durante a Primeira República. Foram analisados também a forte vinculação dessas ideias com os setores agrícolas. Nesse sentido, é um estudo sobre a valorização da ciência no Brasil e sua inserção tanto na agricultura como na exploração das riquezas naturais, mas especificamente, as florestas. Aborda com esse intuito o pensamento de cientistas, agricultores e estadistas reproduzidos em uma documentação que envolve o Ministério da Agricultura, revistas científicas e agrícolas, folhetos das secretárias da agricultura, dentre outros. Enfim, privilegia-se uma perspectiva teórica fundada na História ambiental, sintonizando o trabalho com questões econômicas.
Percepções sobre a linguagem museológica do Museu Histórico de Londrina: a exposição “Cuidar, Curar, Lembrar – memória da saúde em Londrina” e as representações de mulheres
Authors: Silva Bruno Sanches Mariante da
Published: March 2016

Os museus históricos, como os monumentos, já foram entendidos como imagens que as sociedades produzem para o futuro. No entanto, esta concepção dos museus enquanto espaços mantenedores e guardiães da memória de uma comunidade ou localidade começa a ser revista. A cidade de Londrina, mesmo que bastante nova, conserva através de diferentes meios o elogio à memória de determinados grupos chamados de ‘pioneiros’. A contestação de tais práticas memorialísticas e a inclusão de novos atores é bastante polêmica e custosa. Desse modo, o presente artigo traz em seu escopo refletir acerca das representações de mulheres na linguagem do Museu Histórico de Londrina. Para tal propõe-se a analisar a mais recente exposição temporária que este espaço abrigou: “Cuidar, Curar, Lembrar – memória da saúde em Londrina”. Assim, quer-se investigar com qual(ais) linguagem (s) museológica o MHL alinha-se e como apresenta-se ao público.
Juarez Távora e a organização do estado Brasileiro: racionalismo administrativo, sindicalismo-cooperativista e cristianismo social no pensamento militar pré-golpe de 1964
Authors: Mundim Luiz Felipe Cezar
Published: March 2016

A Escola Superior de Guerra (ESG) no momento da sua criação, ao final da década de 1940, deu início à sua atividade de produção ideológica inserida em um campo cultural específico. A proposta teóricoadministrativa de Juarez Távora, um dos principais membros e comandante da Escola nos anos de 1953 e 1954, contribuiu para a construção de um projeto de nação a ser apresentado pela ESG. Este artigo procura destacar da obra, e da trajetória política de Juarez Távora, alguns dos principais elementos dessa proposta, tais como a defesa da racionalização administrativa e as ideias de Sindicalismo-Cooperativista e Cristianismo Social.
POLIMENE, María Paula. (coord.) Autoridades y prácticas judiciales en el Antiguo Régimen: problemas jurisdiccionales en el Río de la Plata, Córdoba, Tucumán, Cuyo y Chile. Rosario: Prohistoria Ediciones, 2011, 268 pp.
Authors: Cotonat Ariel Mamani
Published: March 2016

Durante muito tempo, o estudo de uma sociedade em sua dimensão jurídica apresentou algumas armadilhas difíceis de superar. Uma delas foi que muitas das explicações tentadas pelos pesquisadores caíram, sem mais, na configuração de um quadro outrora reducionista do funcionamento da justiça. Assim, uma leitura exegética do aparato normativo freqüentemente tornava óbvio examinar se o que estava incorporado na norma era exatamente o que era aplicado à realidade cotidiana. Em outras palavras, o que alguns estudiosos priorizaram, ou seja, o estudo da cultura jurídica a partir da análise da doutrina daquele momento histórico, poderia levar a conclusões que não nos permitiram perceber o distanciamento entre forma e prática...
Religião, política e ordem social nos Atos Apócrifos dos Apóstolos
Authors: Filho José Adriano
Published: March 2016

Os Atos Apócrifos dos Apóstolos recontam a tradição dos apóstolos e suas façanhas públicas. Os apóstolos são apresentados em constante conflito com o mundo à sua volta. Eles demonstram o poder do único Deus verdadeiro por meio de milagres, ascetismo e martírio. O cristianismo que eles representam contrasta com as crenças e poder do mundo greco-romano. Esta instância antissocial é reforçada pela mensagem de castidade anunciada pelos apóstolos, a qual interrompe o casamento, e nos conflitos com as autoridades civis e religiosas. Eles têm preocupações apologéticas, missionárias e de edificação, mas rejeitam os ideais culturais e sociais tradicionais em favor de novos ideais. Os Atos Apócrifos também refletem a rede do patronato social e político contemporâneo do Império romano. Eles redefinem o patronato de uma perspectiva cristã e desafiam o sistema estabelecido ao apresentar a Cristo como o verdadeiro patrono, superior aos patronos humanos, incluindo o imperador. A tentativa de reformular as pressuposições estabelecidas é uma característica que define a identidade cristã representada nesta literatura.
Apresentação
Authors: Selvatici Monica
Published: March 2016

Por muito tempo na historiografia, a formação do cristianismo foi analisada a partir de duas grandes categorias – judaísmo e helenismo – que, relacionadas entre si, teriam criado “a avenida para o cristianismo”, nas palavras de Johann Gustav Droysen em meados do século XIX. Mais recentemente, sabe-se o quão restritivo este tipo de análise é e, neste sentido, um terceiro elemento tem sido trazido para o centro das discussões: o Império Romano ou, mais genericamente, o mundo romano no qual o movimento cristão nasceu – mundo este com sua ordem política muito específica e as questões socioeconômicas e culturais que a ela se relacionam. Aliado a este avanço historiográfico, a contribuição dos estudos antropológicos para a análise da identidade cultural permitiu aos teóricos da identidade pensá-la, atualmente, como algo relacional, fluido e plural ao ponto de se compreender que um mesmo indivíduo ou grupo social possa apresentar múltiplas identidades, dependendo do contexto e das relações nas quais está inserido. O emprego deste novo entendimento da identidade sobre o universo das fontes cristãs produzidas no mundo romano permitiu a observação de variadas formas de manifestação da própria identidade cristã ou, nos termos atuais, das identidades cristãs (no plural). Com o objetivo de ampliar a análise de tais questões, o presente dossiê congrega o trabalho de pesquisadores que discutem esta temática dentro do recorte temporal dos quatro primeiros séculos (sécs. I a IV d.C.) de vida do cristianismo no âmbito do Império Romano.
Creation of Photoactive Inorganic/Organic Interfaces Using Occlusion Electrodeposition Process of Inorganic Nanoparticles During Electropolymerization of 2,2′:5′,2′′-Terthiophene
Authors: Kasem Kasem K. , Santuzzi Christopher , Daanen Nick , Baker Kortany
Published: March 2016

Photoactive (IOI) inorganic/organic interface assemblies were prepared using an occlusion electrodeposition method. Poly-2,2′:5′,2′′-Terthiophene (PTTh) were the organic thin films that occluded each of CdS, TiO2, and Zn-doped WO3 nanoparticles. The energy band gap structures were investigated using spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. The obtained assemblies were investigated in aqueous solutions under both dark and illuminated conditions. The results were compared with the behavior of PTTh thin film. Oxygen played an important role in minimizing electron/hole recombination as was evident by observed very low photocurrent when oxygen was removed by nitrogen purge. Results show that PTTh/CdS gave the greatest photocurrent, followed by PTTh/Zn-WO3 and PTTh/TiO2.
Big data: een zoektocht naar instituties
Authors: van der Voort Haiko , Crompvoets Joep
Published: March 2016

Big data: a quest for institutions

Big data is a well-known phenomenon, even a buzzword nowadays. It refers to an abundance of data and new possibilities to process and use them. Big data is subject of many publications. Some pay attention to the many possibilities of big data, others warn us for their consequences. This special issue goes beyond the hype. It contains accessible contributions about opportunities and threats of big data. The authors have put special emphasize on big data institutions. Many publications about big data seem relatively poor on institutions, reflecting a more technocratic approach. In this first contribution we will introduce core concepts around big data. Additionally, we will specify the need to delve into institutions of big data.
Big data klaar voor gebruik?
Authors: Janssen Marijn , van der Voort Haiko
Published: March 2016

Big data ready to use? The coordination of the data chain

In the sequence of creating, processing and use of data several actors are involved. They have different knowledge, skills, motives and interests. In this contribution big data is framed as a coordination effort in a chain. This perspective emphasizes the importance of transfers between actors. It emphasizes their difficulties too. Do actors mean the same? Do actors understand the same? Do actors want the same? To understand the value of data, the entire process from data creation to use need to be considered. This process may entirely take place within an organization. More often parts of the process are outside the organization. The challenge for governments that use big data for their decisions, is managing the quality of data and the chain that process them.
Big data governance; een analytisch kader
Authors: Broucker Bruno
Published: March 2016

Big data governance; an analytical framework

Big data has been adhered many potential benefits for the public sector. It could contribute to performance increase and to a better service delivery in many policy domains, across multiple public sector organisations and administrative levels. Within this debate the question of governance is blatantly absent, though crucial to address. To properly use big data in the public sector it will be necessary to integrate big data governance on three interconnected levels: micro, meso and macro-level, respectively referring to the proficient use of big data, its integrated use within an organisational context and the use of big data within the larger public sector for the benefit of public service delivery.
De voorspellende overheid
Authors: Leenes Ronald
Published: March 2016

The predicting government. Transparency is necessary, but how?

Public administrations have always dealt with large volumes of data. They are now increasingly adopting sophisticated big data technologies to further leverage the data. Data provided by citizens, observed by sensors, deduced and inferred from diverse data sets are being used for decision making and making (pre-emptive) predictions about the behaviour of citizens and groups of citizens. The data and algorithms are not neutral nor flawless, but contain biases and may induce harms to individuals, such as discrimination, loss of autonomy, infringing their privacy. Big data decision making systems are usually opaque. Providing transparency about input, process, and even outcomes may be difficult due to the complexity inherent to the technology and even undesirable because it could affect the effectiveness of the system. This lack of transparency is at odds with the Rule of Law, which requires transparency and accountability of government action. What transparency should entail in the context of predictive analytics, however, is unclear. This short article points out some of the issues at stake.
‘Wat hebben wij aan u?’
Authors: van der Steen Martijn
Published: March 2016

How can you help me? What scholars and practitioners of public administration say about their field

The field of public administration research is continuously changing. This article takes stock of the field by asking four open questions to a large group of public administration practitioners and scholars. The questions prompt a debate about the state of play of the field of public administration in The Netherlands. Several dilemmas become apparent. Firstly, there is the tension between rigor and relevance of research. More rigorous methodology should not come at the expense of relevance in practice. Moreover, pressure to publish in international academic journals draws scholars away from the more practical outlets for research findings. Ever more is ‘written’, but less of that reaches the more practical audiences. This is congruent with the impression that public administration scholars should invest more in their narratives, so that the important message of public administration research reaches wider audiences and helps to reflect on pressing societal issues. Furthermore, there is a need for public administration scholars to be more active in helping practitioners solve the complex policy puzzles they face. This requires the ability to walk the fine line between keeping distance and becoming genuinely involved in policy processes. All of these factors can help the field of public administration take next steps in its development, to regain the connection with practice and raise its academic standards.
Een dubbele kijk op co-creatie
Authors: de Bakker Erik , Dagevos Hans
Published: March 2016

A dual vision on co-creation

This essay review discusses three publications on co-creation: ‘We, the government’ by Davied van Berlo (2012), ‘Co-creation of innovation’ by Corry Ehlen (2015), and ‘New Business Models’ by Jan Jonker et al. (2014). The theme of this essay is the specific character of co-creation compared to other buzzwords (e.g. participation, co-production, social responsibility) that can be heard in the search for a new balance between the state and civil society. We suggest that the distinctive character of co-creation lies in the active engagement of parties who work together to co-create. Co-creation means raising the bar of collaboration and dialogue. Openness, trust, equality and reciprocity are emphasised as essential elements in the process. It is literally about collectively creating multiple values in which there should be plenty of room for creativity and sharing ideas. Following on the publications of Ehlen and Jonker a dual vision on co-creation arises. In general terms, the potential of co-creation depends on the know-how, commitment and values of the actors involved (microscopic perspective) and on the social capital in the wider environment that they can draw upon to bolster the co-creation process (macroscopic perspective).
Analysemethoden en technieken voor criminologisch onderzoek
Authors: Bijleveld C.C.J.H.
Published: March 2016

Analytical methods en technics for criminological research. Old trends and new developments

This article describes the developments in the use of analytical methods and technics for criminological research in the Netherlands since the beginning of the eighties. The author focuses on quantitative research methods. While classical multivariate technics like (M)AN(C)OVA, canonic correlation analysis and LISREL were dominant until the beginning of the new century, new multivariate analytical methods appeared from 2005 onwards. Especially the analysis of life course trajectories of criminal offenders caught on. The author also discusses various methods to measure the size of crime, like randomized response and capture-recapture, as well as methods identifying the causes of crime. In this latter field the use of fixed-effects methods and the propensity score matching technic has expanded considerably in the last couple of years. When it comes to explaining why people commit crime, quantitative methods do not suffice. The author argues that thorough quantitative methods can reveal the context in which criminal acts occur. The wider use of so-called mixed methods (quantitative as well as qualitative) could contribute to a deeper understanding of crime and stimulate theoretical development. In doing so these methods contribute considerably to understanding why people commit crime.
Determination of Protein Content by NIR Spectroscopy in Protein Powder Mix Products
Authors: Ingle Prashant D , Christian Roney , Purohit Piyush , Zarraga Veronica , Handley Erica , Freel Keith , Abdo Saleem
Published: March 2016

Protein is a principal component in commonly used dietary supplements and health food products. The analysis of these products, within the consumer package form, is of critical importance for the purpose of ensuring quality and supporting label claims. A rapid test method was developed using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as a compliment to current protein determination by the Dumas combustion method. The NIR method was found to be a rapid, low-cost, and green (no use of chemicals and reagents) complimentary technique. The protein powder samples analyzed in this study were in the range of 22–90% protein. The samples were prepared as mixtures of soy protein, whey protein, and silicon dioxide ingredients, which are common in commercially sold protein powder drink-mix products in the market. A NIR regression model was developed with 17 samples within the constituent range and was validated with 20 independent samples of known protein levels (85–88%). The results show that the NIR method is capable of predicting the protein content with a bias of ±2% and a maximum bias of 3% between NIR and the external Dumas method.
Direct UV Spectrophotometry and HPLC Determination of Triton X-100 in Split Virus Influenza Vaccine
Authors: Pavlović Bojana , Cvijetić Nataša , Dragačević Luka , Ivković Branka , Vujić Zorica , Kuntić Vesna
Published: March 2016

One of the most commonly used surfactants in the production of split virus influenza vaccine is nonionic surfactant Triton X-100. After splitting of the virus is accomplished, Triton X-100 is removed from the vaccine by subsequent production steps. Because of toxicity of Triton X-100, which remains in the vaccine in residual amounts, a sufficiently sensitive method for its detection and quantification needs to be defined. Two methods for determination of Triton X-100 residuals were developed: the UV-spectrophotometry and HPLC methods. For both methods, preparation of vaccine samples and removal of proteins and virus particles were crucial: samples were treated with methanol (1:1) and then centrifuged at 25 000 × g for 30 min. After such treatment, the majority of vaccine components that interfered in the UV region were removed, and diluted samples could be directly measured. The chromatographic system included C18 column, step methanol gradient, and detection at 225 nm with a single peak of Triton X-100 at 12.6 min. Both methods were validated and gave satisfactory results for accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity, and robustness. LOQ was slightly lower for the HPLC method. Hence, it was shown that both methods are suitable for analysis of residual amounts of Triton X-100, with the advantages of the UV method being its simplicity and availability in most laboratories.