bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relato de experiência das atividades de territorialização por residentes multiprofissionais em saúde coletiva
Authors: Barbosa Neto Heleno José , Mesquita Fabíola Olinda De Souza , Parente Alaine Santos , Silva Débora Isabel Rodrigues dos Santos , Nascimento Eliane Pereira , Silva Priscila Karoline De Menezes , Silva Tuanny Italla Marques da , Cruz Yrismara Pereira da
Published: January 2018

O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar a experiência das atividades de territorialização desenvolvidas por residentes multiprofissionais em saúde coletiva. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, fruto de um processo de vivências e reflexões críticas acerca da territorialização vivenciado no 1º ano de residência (R1) em três Unidades de Saúde da Família de um município do interior de Pernambuco, no ano de 2016. As atividades consistiram em observação participante e elaboração de um mapa do território da área adstrita apresentado ao final do estágio as equipes de saúde da família, preceptores e gestores locais. A construção do mapa do território foi considerada como ferramenta fundamental para a gestão em saúde na atenção primária. Reconhecer o território com suas diversas características e particularidades locais permitiu uma compreensão ampliada do processo saúde-doença, à luz dos condicionantes e determinantes da saúde.
Unpacking the Relationship between Sales Control and Salesperson Performance: A Regulatory Fit Perspective
Authors: Katsikeas Constantine S. , Auh Seigyoung , Spyropoulou Stavroula , Menguc Bulent
Published: January 2018

The literature examining the effect of sales control on salesperson performance is, at best, equivocal. To reconcile inconsistencies in empirical findings, this research introduces two new types of salesperson learning: exploratory and exploitative learning. Drawing on regulatory focus theory, the authors conceptualize exploratory learning as promotion focused and exploitative learning as prevention focused and find that salespeople exhibit both exploratory and exploitative learning, though one is used more than the other depending on the type of sales control employed. The results also suggest that the fit between salesperson learning type, customer characteristics (i.e., purchase-decision-making complexity), and salesperson characteristics (i.e., preference for sales predictability) is critical to salesperson performance and that salesperson learning mediates the relationship between sales control and salesperson performance (Study 1). Study 2 corroborates the findings using new panel data collected over two waves. The results of this research have important implications for integrating sales control, salesperson learning, and salesperson performance.
Lake Garda lemon houses (Italy): Opportunities of a sensitive, marginal area in urban planning
Authors: Badiani Barbara , Barontini Stefano , Bettoni Barbara , Bonati Sara , Peli Marco , Pietta Antonella , Scala Barbara , Tononi Marco , Vitale Nicola
Published: January 2018

The lemon houses of Lake Garda provide Ecosystem Services, due to their history and their deep rooting in the landscape. Unfortunately, Urban Planning hasn’t ever taken into account these possible benefits. In fact, it has always allowed their reuse as residences and it has sustained the conservation of the buildings only. The lack of interest in reintroducing lemon growing or other agricultural activities has produced a noticeable impoverishment of the local landscape. To overcome these limits, Urban Planning should be oriented to implement practices, which take root in and bring out the variety of local landscapes. In order to reach this result, Urban Planning may help to bring some lemon houses, especially the abandoned or the most vulnerable ones, back to their original agricultural vocation, reintroducing autopoietic agricultural techniques, which are in balance with the environment. An interdisciplinary approach may be adopted in a profitable way, to strengthen the efficiency of the Urban Planning. Aiming at this interdisciplinary approach the paper reports our first investigations concerning the contribution of different disciplines, which will help Urban Planning to consider, in case of the reuse of Lake Garda lemon houses, immaterial benefits and to reintroduce activities linked to their original vocation.
Assessment of bone turnover in osteoporosis: harmonization of the total testing process
Authors: Vasikaran Samuel
Published: January 2018

An imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption is a factor in the development of osteoporosis. Bone turnover markers (BTM) are useful in assessing bone remodeling at the cellular level. Measurement of BTM is useful for assessing bone turnover and therefore fracture risk as well as for monitoring response to treatment response. This paper describes the steps that have been taken so far and the ongoing work to harmonize the total testing process for the assessment of bone turnover in osteoporosis internationally and collaboratively between the clinical and laboratory professions. The International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) in collaboration with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) as well as the National Bone Health Association (NBHA) in the US have designated procollagen type I N propeptide (s-PINP), and cross-linked β-isomerized type I collagen C-telopeptide (s-βCTX), in blood as reference standard BTM. Collaborative efforts are ongoing in order to standardize preanalytical steps as well as the analysis of s-PINP and s-CTX by standardizing or harmonizing their measurement as appropriate and reporting of values. Reporting units have been standardized. Reference interval studies and examination of appropriate decision thresholds, reference change values and treatment targets are ongoing with the aim of harmonizing the total testing process for the assessment of bone turnover in osteoporosis.
The effect of interaction topic and social ties on media choice and the role of four underlying mechanisms
Authors: Croes Emmelyn A. J. , Antheunis Marjolijn L. , Schouten Alexander P. , Krahmer Emiel J. , Bleize Daniëlle N. M.
Published: January 2018

This study employed a scenario-based approach whereby participants were asked to choose which
communication channel they prefer in certain situations. The first aim was to determine the effect of the
topic of interactions and social ties on channel choice. The second aim was to examine the underlying
mechanisms (controllability, anonymity, co-presence, and affective understanding) in the relation
between interaction topic and social ties and channel choice. A questionnaire was administered among
238 participants, who were presented five communication scenarios with topics of low and high intimacy
and four social ties, ranging from weak to strong. Results revealed that preference for face-to-face (FtF)
communication was highest, followed by audio-only computer-mediated communication (CMC) and
text-based CMC. Preference for FtF communication was higher when people valued feeling co-present
and decreased when people valued feeling anonymous. Our results showed that communication channel
choice is strategic and the choice for FtF ommunication, audio-only and text-based CMC largely depends
on controllability, anonymity and co-presence.
Emotional woman – rational man? Gender stereotypical emotional expressivity of German politicians in news broadcasts
Authors: Renner Anna-Maria , Masch Lena
Published: January 2018

Drawing on literature about the different television coverage of male and female politicians and gender-specific leadership behavior, differences in the visibility of female and male politicians’ emotions on television can be assumed. These assumptions are particularly relevant when considering studies on the effects of politician’s emotional displays on voters’ assessments. In order to examine the prevalence of female and male politicians’ emotions, we conducted a visual media content analysis of about 1,000 video sequences based on a sample of 66 news broadcasts. Since this comprehensive sample includes video sequences of German politicians holding various positions within the political system, it enables us to draw generalizable conclusions on the televised emotionality of leading politicians. We find that female politicians’ emotions can be seen more frequently on television than male politicians’ emotions. Moreover, female politicians’ positive emotions are shown more frequently than those of male politicians.
Season of birth and media use
Authors: Schoenbach Klaus
Published: January 2018

This study investigates the influence of season of birth on media use and media genre preferences later in life. An impressive body of research in Europe and Japan shows that the month of birth has a significant impact on one’s temperament: People born in the winter of the northern hemisphere, for instance, tend to be less cheerful, lively and self-assured. Reasons seem to be the experience of less light, of coldness and of living mostly inside the home. Mood-management theory suggests that media entertainment may be used to compensate for that lack of cheerfulness and liveliness. In this explorative study, we assume that in countries north of the equator, but with extremely hot temperatures, summer is the season with fewer outdoor activities. So, there, individuals with more summer months in their first half year of life should be comparatively less cheerful – which they may regulate by using more media entertainment. Indeed, a secondary analysis of large-scale surveys in six countries in the Middle East and North Africa in 2016 supports this assumption, albeit conditionally: In the countries with particularly hot summers, but also for younger people in general, the duration of summer directly after birth is correlated significantly with consuming more media entertainment as well as with preferring comedy and drama as genres on TV and online video.
How citizens (could) turn into an informed public: Explaining citizens’ attentiveness for European parliamentary elections
Authors: Grill Christiane , Boomgaarden Hajo
Published: January 2018

Being attentive to European Parliamentary (EP) elections is a decisive prerequisite in becoming more knowledgeable about EU affairs as well as eventually participating in EU politics. Even though attentiveness to politics is a common way of acquiring political information en passant, empirical studies in this realm are scarce. By systematically integrating content analysis data (N = 6432 news stories) with a three-wave panel survey (N = 1497), this study examines the explanatory factors for citizens’ attentiveness to the 2014 EP election. OLS regression models demonstrate that turnout intention and political activity predict citizens’ attentiveness to the election. Media consumption of EU news marginally drives attention to the election.
Isolated unilateral severe fetal hydrothorax: spontaneous resolution after birth
Authors: Adanir Ilknur , Gokmen Karasu Ayşe Filiz , Dane Banu
Published: January 2018

Hydrothorax is the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space. A large fetal pleural effusion (hydrothorax) was identified within the right hemithorax in a 22-year-old woman at 39 weeks of gestation. Because the fetal hydrothorax was detected at 39 weeks of gestation, we did not perform any intervention antenatally. A male fetus was delivered by an elective cesarean section at 39 weeks of gestation. He did not require intubation, ventilation or resuscitation in the operating room, and had a good health status. The baby was followed-up in the neonatal intensive care unit. Six days after the birth, the pleural effusion (hydrothorax) was completely resolved spontaneously. Conservative management may be regarded as an option for isolated fetal hydrothorax in uncomplicated, stable cases without hydrops.
Stability and consistency of a finite difference scheme for compressible viscous isentropic flow in multi-dimension
Authors: Hošek Radim , She Bangwei
Published: January 2018

Motivated by the work of Karper [29], we propose a numerical scheme to compressible Navier-Stokes system in spatial multi-dimension based on finite differences. The backward Euler method is applied for the time discretization, while a staggered grid, with continuity and momentum equations on different grids, is used in space. The existence of a solution to the implicit nonlinear scheme, strictly positivity of the numerical density, stability and consistency of the method for the whole range of physically relevant adiabatic exponents are proved. The theoretical part is complemented by computational results that are performed in two spatial dimensions.
POD-ROM for the Darcy–Brinkman equations with double-diffusive convection
Authors: Eroglu Fatma G. , Kaya Songul , Rebholz Leo G.
Published: January 2018

This paper extends proper orthogonal decomposition reduced order modeling to flows governed by double diffusive convection, which models flow driven by two potentials with different rates of diffusion. We propose a reduced model based on proper orthogonal decomposition, present a stability and convergence analyses for it, and give results for numerical tests on a benchmark problem which show it is an effective approach to model reduction in this setting.
A state-of-the-art review of built environment information modelling (BeIM)
Authors: Tah J.H.M. , Oti A.H. , Abanda F.H.
Published: January 2018

Elements that constitute the built environment are vast and so are the independent systems developed to model its various aspects. Many of these systems have been developed under various assumptions and approaches to execute functions that are distinct, complementary or sometimes similar. Furthermore, these systems are ever increasing in number and often assume similar nomenclatures and acronyms, thereby exacerbating the challenges of understanding their peculiar functions, definitions and differences. The current societal demand to improve sustainability performance through collaboration as well as whole-system and through-life thinking is driving the need to integrate independent systems associated with different aspects and scales of the built environment to deliver smart solutions and services that improve the well-being of citizens. The contemporary object-oriented digitization of real-world elements appears to provide a leeway for amalgamating the modelling systems of various domains in the built environment which we termed as built environment information modelling (BeIM). These domains include architecture, engineering, construction as well as urban planning and design. Applications such as building information modelling, geographic information systems and 3D city modelling systems are now being integrated for city modelling purposes. The various works directed at integrating these systems are examined, revealing that current research efforts on integration fall into three categories: (1) data/file conversion systems, (2) semantic mapping systems and (3) the hybrid of both. The review outcome suggests that good knowledge of these domains and how their respective systems operate is vital to pursuing holistic systems integration in the built environment.
Fetal “Aortic Coarctation” and Different Neonatal Follow-Up in 3 Cases
Authors: Swięchowicz Barbara , Respondek-Liberska Maria
Published: January 2018

Heart defects which includes narrowing of aortic isthmus - aortic coarctation (CoA) are one of the most prevalent birth defects. Making a correct prenatal diagnosis of CoA is very difficult and problematic. We are still observing many false (+) and false (-) diagnoses. In presenting 3 cases with prenatal suspicion of CoA only one patient confirmed this defect in the postnatal life. In the fetal echocardiography inappropriate dimensions of great vessels and PA/Ao ratio are very relevant in the CoA diagnostics. Based on such suspicion before delivery we can select a group in which birth in the tertiary center, prostin infusion, control ECHO examinations and planned cardiac surgery will be needed. But wide differential diagnosis including pulmonary dilatation (due to pulmonary hypertension or fetal blood redistribution due to possible infection) is required.
Synthetic polymer materials for forward osmosis (FO) membranes and FO applications: a review
Authors: Xu Wenxuan , Ge Qingchun
Published: January 2018

Forward osmosis (FO) has played an important role in alleviating the problems caused by freshwater shortage and water contamination in recent years. However, issues of low water permeability, reverse solute diffusion, concentration polarization and membrane fouling are still widely present in FO processes. These challenges are the current research focus in exploring novel FO membranes. Fabricating FO membranes from chemically modified commercial polymers is a relatively novel approach and has proven effective in obtaining appropriate FO membranes. This paper focuses on the progress of FO membranes made specially from chemically modified polymer materials. First of all, a brief overview of commercial polymers commonly used for FO membrane fabrication is provided. Secondly, the chemical modification strategies and synthesis routes of novel polymer materials as well as the resultant FO membrane performance are presented. The strengths and weaknesses of chemical modifications on polymer materials are assessed. Then, typical FO applications facilitated by the FO membranes made from modified polymer materials are exemplified. Finally, challenges and future directions in exploring novel polymers through chemical modifications for FO membrane fabrication are highlighted. This review may provide new insights into the future advancement of both novel membrane materials and FO membranes.
Another step toward the solution of the real structure of zinkenite
Authors: Biagioni Cristian , Bindi Luca , Moëlo Yves
Published: January 2018

The crystal structure of Cu-bearing zinkenite from Saint-Pons (Alpes Maritimes department, France), having idealized chemical composition Cu0.7Pb9.7Sb21.3S42, has been studied. It has a pronounced hexagonal sub-cell, with unit-cell parameters a=22.1219(11), c=4.3207(3) Å, V=1831.2(2) Å3, space group P63, Z=1. The sub-cell crystal structure was refined to R
1=0.072 on the basis of 3905 reflections with F
o>4σ(F
o) and 133 refined parameters. It can be described as formed by one kind of rod, with walls of columns of (Pb/Sb)-centered polyhedra flanking both the rods and the sites located along the 63 screw axis. Minor Cu is hosted in the tetrahedral voids between the rods and the walls of polyhedra. Alternatively, the crystal structure of zinkenite can be described as formed by trigonal rods, delimited by lone electron-pair micelles, and tunnels hosting (Pb/Sb) atoms. The occurrence of weak superstructure reflections points to a triclinic unit cell with parameters a=38.271(2), b=22.1219(13), c=8.6475(5) Å, α=89.931(3), β=90.030(3), γ=89.957(3)°, V=7323.6(7) Å3, space group P1, Z=4. The twin laws making the twin lattice hexagonal have been taken into account and the crystal structure has been solved and refined. Notwithstanding the very low R
1 value (R
1=0.038 on the basis of 22563 reflections with F
o>4σ(F
o) and 1194 refined parameters), several shortcomings, mainly due to the low diffraction quality of the available crystals, allow only the description of the main structural features of the superstructure of zinkenite, indicating the correctness of the triclinic model hypothesized by previous authors.
Classification and Recursion Operators of Dark Burgers’ Equation
Authors: Chen Mei-Dan , Li Biao
Published: January 2018

With the help of symbolic computation, two types of complete scalar classification for dark Burgers’ equations are derived by requiring the existence of higher order differential polynomial symmetries. There are some free parameters for every class of dark Burgers’ systems; so some special equations including symmetry equation and dual symmetry equation are obtained by selecting the free parameter. Furthermore, two kinds of recursion operators for these dark Burgers’ equations are constructed by two direct assumption methods.
Dust Ion-Acoustic Shock Waves in a Multicomponent Magnetorotating Plasma
Authors: Kaur Barjinder , Saini N.S.
Published: January 2018

The nonlinear properties of dust ion-acoustic (DIA) shock waves in a magnetorotating plasma consisting of inertial ions, nonextensive electrons and positrons, and immobile negatively charged dust are examined. The effects of dust charge fluctuations are not included in the present investigation, but the ion kinematic viscosity (collisions) is a source of dissipation, leading to the formation of stable shock structures. The Zakharov–Kuznetsov–Burgers (ZKB) equation is derived using the reductive perturbation technique, and from its solution the effects of different physical parameters, i.e. nonextensivity of electrons and positrons, kinematic viscosity, rotational frequency, and positron and dust concentrations, on the characteristics of shock waves are examined. It is observed that physical parameters play a very crucial role in the formation of DIA shocks. This study could be useful in understanding the electrostatic excitations in dusty plasmas in space (e.g. interstellar medium).
Age-Dependent Decline in Fate Switch from NG2 Cells to Astrocytes After Olig2 Deletion
Authors: Zuo Hao , Wood William M. , Sherafat Amin , Hill Robert A. , Lu Q. Richard , Nishiyama Akiko
Published: January 2018

NG2 cells are a resident glial progenitor cell population that is uniformly distributed throughout the developing and mature mammalian CNS. Those in the postnatal CNS generate exclusively myelinating and non-myelinating oligodendrocytes and are thus equated with oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Prenatally, NG2 cells in the ventral gray matter of the forebrain generate protoplasmic astrocytes as well as oligodendrocytes. The fate conversion from NG2 cells into protoplasmic astrocytes is dependent on downregulation of the key oligodendrocyte transcription factor Olig2. We showed previously that constitutive deletion of Olig2 in NG2 cells converts NG2 cells in the neocortex into protoplasmic astrocytes at the expense of oligodendrocytes. In this study, we show that postnatal deletion of Olig2 caused NG2 cells in the neocortex but not in other gray matter regions to become protoplasmic astrocytes. However, NG2 cells in the neocortex became more resistant to astrocyte fate switch over the first 3 postnatal weeks. Fewer NG2 cells differentiated into astrocytes and did so with longer latency after Olig2 deletion at postnatal day 18 (P18) compared with deletion at P2. The high-mobility group transcription factor Sox10 was not downregulated for at least 1 month after Olig2 deletion at P18 despite an early transient upregulation of the astrocyte transcription factor NFIA. Furthermore, inhibiting cell proliferation in slice culture reduced astrocyte differentiation from Olig2-deleted perinatal NG2 cells, suggesting that cell division might facilitate nuclear reorganization needed for astrocyte transformation.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNG2 cells are glial progenitor cells that retain a certain degree of lineage plasticity. In the normal postnatal neocortex, they generate mostly oligodendrocyte lineage cells. When the oligodendrocyte transcription factor Olig2 is deleted in NG2 cells in the neocortex, they switch their fate to protoplasmic astrocytes. However, the efficiency of the fate switch decreases with age over the first 3 postnatal weeks and is reduced when cell proliferation is inhibited. As the neocortex matures, sustained expression of the oligodendrocyte lineage-specific key transcription factor Sox10 becomes less dependent on Olig2. Together, our findings suggest a gradual stabilization of the oligodendrocyte lineage genes and loss of lineage plasticity during the first 3 weeks after birth, possibly due to nuclear reorganization.
Small Fish, Big Questions: Inquiry Kits for Teaching Evolution
Authors: Kane Emily A. , Broder E. Dale , Warnock Andrew C. , Butler Courtney M. , Judish A. Lynne , Angeloni Lisa M. , Ghalambor Cameron K.
Published: January 2018

Evolution education poses unique challenges because students can have preconceptions that bias their learning. Hands-on, inquiry approaches can help overcome preset beliefs held by students, but few such programs exist and teachers typically lack access to these resources. Experiential learning in the form of self-guided kits can allow evolution education programs to maximize their reach while still maintaining a high-quality resource. We created an inquiry-based kit that uses live Trinidadian guppies to teach evolution by natural selection using the VIST (Variation, Inheritance, Selection, Time) framework. Our collaborative team included evolutionary biologists and education specialists, and we were able to combine expertise in evolution research and inquiry-based kit design in the development of this program. By constructing the kits with grant funds slated for broader impacts and maintaining them at our university's Education and Outreach Center, we made these kits freely available to local schools over the long term. Students and teachers have praised how clearly the kits teach evolution by natural selection, and we are excited to share this resource with readers of The American Biology Teacher.
Exploring the Relationship between Experiences with Digital Evolution and Students' Scientific Understanding and Acceptance of Evolution
Authors: Lark Amy , Richmond Gail , Mead Louise S. , Smith James J. , Pennock Robert T.
Published: January 2018

Recent reforms in K-16 science education advocate for the integration of science content and practice. However, engaging students in authentic science practices can be particularly challenging for certain subjects such as evolution. We describe Avida-ED, a research-based platform for digital evolution that overcomes many of the challenges associated with using biological model organisms in the classroom. We then report the findings of a nationwide, multiple-case study on classroom implementation of Avida-ED and its influence on student understanding and acceptance of evolution. We found that engagement in lessons with Avida-ED both supported student learning of fundamental evolution concepts and was associated with an increase in student acceptance of evolution as evidence-based science. In addition, we found a significant, positive association between increased understanding and acceptance. We discuss the implications of supporting reform-based pedagogical practices with tools such as Avida-ED that integrate science content with authentic science practice.
Neuropsychiatric and metabolic aspects of dopaminergic therapy: perspectives from an endocrinologist and a psychiatrist
Authors: Athanasoulia-Kaspar Anastasia P , Popp Kathrin H , Stalla Gunter Karl
Published: January 2018

The dopaminergic treatment represents the primary treatment in prolactinomas, which are the most common pituitary adenomas and account for about 40% of all pituitary tumours with an annual incidence of six to ten cases per million population. The dopaminergic treatment includes ergot and non-ergot derivatives with high affinity for the dopamine receptors D1 or/and D2. Through the activation of the dopaminergic pathway on pituitary lactotrophs, the dopamine agonists inhibit the prolactin synthesis and secretion, therefore normalizing the prolactin levels and restoring eugonadism, but they also lead to tumour shrinkage. Treatment with dopamine agonists has been associated – apart from the common side effects such as gastrointestinal symptoms, dizziness and hypotension – with neuropsychiatric side effects such as impulse control disorders (e.g. pathological gambling, compulsive shopping, hypersexuality and binge eating) and also with behavioral changes from low mood, irritability and verbal aggressiveness up to psychotic and manic symptoms and paranoid delusions not only in patients with prolactinomas but also in patients with Parkinson’s disease and restless leg syndrome. They usually have de novo onset after initiation of the dopaminergic treatment and have been mainly reported in patients with Parkinson’s disease, who are being treated with higher doses of dopamine agonists. Moreover, dopamine and prolactin seem to play an essential role in the metabolic pathway. Patients with hyperprolactinemia tend to have increased body weight and an altered metabolic profile with hyperinsulinemia and increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus in comparison to healthy individuals and patients with non-functioning pituitary adenomas. Treatment with dopamine agonists in these patients in short-term studies seems to lead to weight loss and amelioration of the metabolic changes. Together these observations provide evidence that dopamine and prolactin have a crucial role both in the regard and metabolic system, findings that merit further investigation in long-term studies.
40 YEARS OF IGF1: Anti-insulin-like growth factor therapy in breast cancer
Authors: Yee Douglas
Published: January 2018

Early preclinical and population data suggested a role for the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) in the regulation of breast cancer growth and survival. To target this pathway, multiple monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors were developed and tested in clinical trials. While some of the early clinical trials suggested a benefit for these drugs, none of the attempts showed improved outcomes when compared to conventional therapy. This failure of the IGF1R inhibitors was pronounced in breast cancer; multiple trials testing IGF1R inhibition in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer were conducted, none showed benefit. This review will evaluate the rationale for IGF1R inhibition, discuss results of the clinical trials and suggest a path forward.
Gut as an emerging organ for the treatment of diabetes: focus on mechanism of action of bariatric and endoscopic interventions
Authors: Haluzík Martin , Kratochvílová Helena , Haluzíková Denisa , Mráz Miloš
Published: January 2018

Increasing worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its accompanying pathologies such as obesity, arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia represents one of the most important challenges of current medicine. Despite intensive efforts, high percentage of patients with type 2 diabetes does not achieve treatment goals and struggle with increasing body weight and poor glucose control. While novel classes of antidiabetic medications such as incretin-based therapies and gliflozins have some favorable characteristics compared to older antidiabetics, the only therapeutic option shown to substantially modify the progression of diabetes or to achieve its remission is bariatric surgery. Its efficacy in the treatment of diabetes is well established, but the exact underlying modes of action are still only partially described. They include restriction of food amount, enhanced passage of chymus into distal part of small intestine with subsequent modification of gastrointestinal hormones and bile acids secretion, neural mechanisms, changes in gut microbiota and many other possible mechanisms underscoring the importance of the gut in the regulation of glucose metabolism. In addition to bariatric surgery, less-invasive endoscopic methods based on the principles of bariatric surgery were introduced and showed promising results. This review highlights the role of the intestine in the regulation of glucose homeostasis focusing on the mechanisms of action of bariatric and especially endoscopic methods of the treatment of diabetes. A better understanding of these mechanisms may lead to less invasive endoscopic treatments of diabetes and obesity that may complement and widen current therapeutic options.
Sobre la relevancia de los modelos económicos teóricos
Authors: Durán-Vanegas Juan David , Lozano Gerena Francisco Javier
Published: January 2018

La literatura económica contiene un gran número de cuestionamientos sobre la relevancia de los modelos basados en hipótesis con altos grados de abstracción. En este artículo se examinan este tipo de críticas mediante un análisis enfocado en el modelo Arrow-Debreu. En general, se argumenta que estos cuestionamientos son débiles, en la medida en que asumen la explicación de los hechos económicos observables como único criterio para juzgar la relevancia de los modelos económicos teóricos. En particular, respecto al modelo Arrow-Debreu, se presentan ciertas reflexiones que justifican su enseñanza bajo un criterio metodológico, fundamentado en la consistencia lógica de las relaciones teóricas planteadas y la capacidad del modelo para responder una pregunta teórica.
El enfoque de redes en economía y sociología
Authors: Hernández Chuliá Sagar
Published: January 2018

El objetivo de este artículo consiste en demostrar la fundamental concordancia existente entre las aportaciones teóricas procedentes de los economistas y sociólogos adscritos al enfoque de redes. Con tal propósito, se agruparon dichas afinidades en torno a seis categorías principales: teleología, epistemología, metodología, agente individual, organizaciones e instituciones. A la vista de los resultados, se concluye que, si bien estas contribuciones presentan un perfil teórico muy similar, también es posible identificar cierta discrepancia con respecto a la taxonomía mercados-redes-jerarquías.
La teoría de la regulación y la influencia del pensamiento económico italiano
Authors: Musacchio Andres
Published: January 2018

La escuela de la regulación engloba a un conjunto de corrientes que, enmarcadas en la heterodoxia, recogen la influencia de diversos pensadores. Las influencias más directas suelen detallarse en algunos análisis epistemológicos y debates. En ellos, sin embargo, se hace poca referencia a autores italianos. No obstante, esto no significa que su influencia sea inexistente o despreciable. En este artículo se busca exponer algunas de las principales ideas que la teoría de la regulación toma de manera directa o indirecta de autores italianos. Para ello, se tratan influencias positivas, negativas y silenciosas.
La crisis del Euro y el futuro de Europa
Authors: Rojas Daniel
Published: January 2018

Europa atraviesa actualmente por una serie de problemas que amenazan el proyecto de integración regional que más lejos ha llegado hasta ahora. La crisis de refugiados, el resurgimiento de movimientos nacionalistas y la amenaza de ISIS han puesto al Viejo Continente bajo la mirada de la opinión pública y experta a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, hay una crisis de más larga data que aún no logra superarse y cuyo fin parece todavía lejano: la crisis económica. Esta crisis de carácter financiero, iniciada en el 2007 en Estados Unidos, ha puesto en evidencia el que es tal vez el mayor defecto estructural del proyecto europeo: la moneda común. Joseph Stiglitz, reconocido economista y ganador del Premio Nobel en el 2001, ofrece en su último libro una detallada explicación de cómo el euro ha terminado por constituirse en una amenaza para el futuro de Europa. The Euro. How a common currency threatens the future of Europe1, representa un significativo aporte no solo al debate en torno a la crisis económica europea, sino también a las implicaciones de los programas de austeridad, a la desigual relación entre política y economía, y al carácter ideológico del paradigma de política económica dominante en las últimas décadas.
Caracterización morfológica y molecular de Fusarium oxysporum F. SP. Apii asociado a la marchitez del apio en Costa Rica
Authors: Retana Kenneth , Ramírez-Coché José Adolfo , Castro Oscar , Blanco-Meneses Mónica
Published: January 2018

Costa Rica produce apio en las provincias de Cartago, Heredia, Alajuela y San José. La producción aproximada es de 25 toneladas métricas anuales. Este cultivo se ve afectado por diferentes patógenos, sin embargo, en los últimos años Fusarium oxysporum ha causado serios problemas de marchitez en plantas a nivel productivo. En apio se conocen 4 razas patogénicas de Fusarium, definidas a partir de la tolerancia que presentan los cultivares de apio al patógeno. La raza 1 afecta solo el apio amarillo; la raza 2 afecta tanto el apio amarillo como el verde; la raza 3, la menos patogénica, es virulenta únicamente para el apio verde; y la raza 4, es la más agresiva que causa tanto pérdidas en apio verde como amarillo. En Costa Rica se ha descrito la presencia de Fusarium oxysporum en apio, pero no se han descrito las razas presentes. Para identificar y describir el patógeno, se aisló el hongo a partir de plantas enfermas provenientes de campo que presentaban los siguientes síntomas: retraso en la tasa de crecimiento, enanismo, amarillamiento, marchitez en el follaje y reducción, oscurecimiento y daño en el sistema radical. Se realizaron los Postulados de Koch y la descripción morfológica del patógeno, para características tales como la cantidad y presencia o ausencia de macro y microconidios en medio de cultivo de clavel (CLA), además, la apariencia del micelio (color y pigmentación) en medio papa dextrosa agar (PDA). La caracterización molecular se realizó mediante la secuenciación de la región del factor de elongación uno alfa (EF1-α). El resultado tuvo una alta similitud con aislamientos encontrados en el National Center for Biotechnolgy Information (NCBI) relacionados a F. oxysporum f. sp. apii y se sugiere la presencia de las razas 3 y/o 4 en Costa Rica.
"Diquís", variedad de frijol común rojo brillante
Authors: Hernández Juan Carlos , Chaves Néstor F. , Araya Rodolfo , Beebe Stephen
Published: January 2018

El desarrollo de variedades con alta productividad y adaptadas a condiciones de pequeño productor, se ha realizado en Costa Rica desde 1995 a través de fitomejoramiento participativo y es una de las estrategias más económicas para enfrentar los problemas del cultivo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir el proceso de desarrollo de la variedad Diquís de Phaseolus vulgaris y sus principales caracteres. La variedad Diquís fue liberada el 17 de julio del 2009 en El Águila, Pérez Zeledón, Costa Rica. Su nombre proviene del lenguaje Boruca, un grupo indígena de Costa Rica que estuvo asentado en el valle de Diquís o valle de Térraba-Sierpe, localizado en la costa del Pacífico Sur de Costa Rica. Este cultivar provino del Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) en Colombia, donde se originó en el 2001, derivada del cruzamiento SEA 15 / MD 23-24 // Tío Canela 75 / G 21212 y codificada como la línea SER 28. En Costa Rica se evaluó en 28 ensayos y 32 validaciones,durante el periodo 2003 al 2008. Su potencial de rendimiento fue de 1907 kg.ha-1 en la fase experimental y de 1467 kg.ha-1 en la fase de validación en campos de productores. La arquitectura de este cultivar es de tipo IIb, erecta con guías cortas. Presentó resistencia al virus del mosaico común del frijol (BCMV) (gen dominante I) y al virus del mosaico dorado amarillo del frijol (BGYMV) (marcador W12). Además, resistencia intermedia a la mancha angular (grado 6). Su grano es rojo pequeño brillante y presentó poca decoloración (1,3%) bajo condiciones lluviosas durante la cosecha. Este cultivar fue liberado para uso comercial el 17 de julio del 2009, en El Águila de Pérez Zeledón, San José, Costa Rica; en forma conjunta por el Instituto Nacional de Innovación y Transferencia en Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) y la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). Por sus características, Diquís se considera un cultivar adecuado para los diferentes sistemas de producción en Costa Rica.
PROFIL KEKUATAN KARAKTER DAN KEBAJIKAN PADA MAHASISWA BERPRESTASI
Authors: Fahmi Irfan , Ramdani Zulmi
Published: January 2018

Basically each person has different character strength in achieving the goal expected. The character strength becomes a typical structure of an individual's personality that distinguishes itself from the others. Individuals with high achievement motivation will attempt to set a specific goal, using some strategic measurements, highly will-power, and always worked hard. This study aimed to explore the character strength of students who are excellence in academic. The method used mix method which are combine both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The numbers of subjects in this study were 30 students from 9 faculties in UIN Sunan Gunung Djati whom selected based on the highest GPA score. The character strength had seen from the individually measurements results of the Values in Action-Inventory strenghts (VIA-IS) which consists of 240 items in the form of scale Likert. Interviews with subjects than have been conducted to gained more information related to the character strength of them. The results has showed that a strength of character typical of the outstanding students, namely Hope, Perseverance, and Spirituality.
Flow behaviour and piping potential at the soil–structure interface
Authors: Kim H.-J. , Park J.-M. , Shin J.-H.
Published: January 2018

The piping phenomenon that occurs at a soil–structure interface, referred to as backward erosion piping, is often observed beneath hydraulic structures such as conduits buried in levees. In this study, the flow behaviour and piping characteristics at the soil–structure interface were investigated by theoretical analysis using ideal uniform spherical particles and simple experiments. The factors influencing backward erosion piping beneath a structure were evaluated, with the void characteristics of the soil particles and the roughness of the structure surface identified as significant factors that affected the phenomena and the interface flow behaviour.
Roadmap to formulate a Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) v1
Authors: Mendoza-Sanchez Jose
Published: January 2018

Multicriteria desicion analysis (MCDA) is a tool used to perform quantitative benefit-risks assessment (BRA) anlysis in drugs, procedures and devices in health. It allows comparisons in the same indication, that allows quantitative BRA balances, is useful to shows results in a transparency and consistency manner and also to communicate easily to the stakeholders. MCDA has emerged as a promising tool in the decision context for drugs, although its use has been relegated to assess drugs in the context of medicine reimbursment and a few for benefits, risks and others assessments in medicines for a particular indication. One of the major advantages of MCDA is the inclusion of criterian weights that is "preferences". this roadmap to formulate a MCDA compile the recomendations of IMI-PROTECT and ISPOR task force to easy, explicit and transparent election of criteria included in a MCDA.
Generalized Point Estimators for Fuzzy Multivariate Data
Authors: Sunanta Owat
Published: January 2018

Data analysis methods are necessary tools in evaluating and better understanding the information of interest.  However, there are limitations in applying standard statistical methods to specific data analyses.  The data obtained from different sources are often clouded by imprecision and uncertainty.  To overcome this problem, data analysis methods have to be generalized to capture the data uncertainty through statististical methods for fuzzy data.  The existing methods are based on the extension principle or require other generalized procedures, such as the calculation of statistics, the extimation of parameters, and the construction of fuzzy confidence regions.  The development of these methods to evaluate univariate data has been flourished.  However, to solve complex real-world problems, these methods have to be extended and generalized to handle multivariate fuzzy data.  In this research, the methods of generalized point estimators, i.e. sample mean, variance-covariance, and correlation coefficient, are extended for the multivariate case through concepts of fuzzy vector and combined fuzzy sample.
Linear Association in Compositional Data Analysis
Authors: Egozcue Juan José , Pawlowsky-Glahn Vera , Gloor Gregory B.
Published: January 2018

With compositional data ordinary covariation indexes, designed for real random variables, fail to describe dependence. There is a need for compositional alternatives to covariance and correlation. Based on the Euclidean structure of the simplex, called Aitchison geometry, compositional association is identied to a linear restriction of the sample space when a log-contrast is constant. In order to simplify interpretation, a sparse and simple version of compositional association is dened in terms of balances which are constant across the sample. It is called b-association. This kind of association of compositional variables is extended to association between groups of compositional variables. In practice, exact b-association seldom occurs, and measures of degree of b-association are reviewed based on those previously proposed. Also, some techniques for testing b-association are studied. These techniques are applied to available oral microbiome data to illustrate both their advantages and diculties. Both testing and measurements of b-association appear to be quite sensible to heterogeneities in the studied populations and to outliers.
IS THERE POLYPHONY ONLY IN MUSIC: PLANNING LANGUAGE EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOCALIZATION
Authors: Lazdiņa Sanita
Published: January 2018

Multilingualism in Latvia, as in many other countries, is observable best in a diverse range of linguistic practices: in formal and informal oral communication, in social media, etc. At the same time, this coexistence of codes and registers is increasingly reflected also in formalized educational contexts. Partially replacing the traditional instruction of languages and subjects which took place largely separately (monoglossic ideology), multilingual and multidisciplinary instruction have become more frequent in recent times. In such contexts, the participants of speech acts apply their plurilingual repertoires, depending on situations. The monoglossic ideology in bilingualism is, in this sense, also contrasted to views “based on Bakhtin’s (1981) use of heteroglossic as multiple voices. A heteroglossic ideology of bilingualism considers multiple language practices in interrelationship” (García 2009: 7). This heteroglossic ideology (see also Blackledge & Creese 2010; De Korne 2012) has also been described as part of processes of translanguaging (Adamson & Fujimoto-Adamson, 2012). This article discusses these issues in the context of contemporary multilingual pedagogy (e.g., as part of a pluriliteracies approach) and in the context of the ESF project “A Competence-Based Approach to Learning Processes”, conducted by the National Centre for Education of Latvia.
Tony Newstead (1923-2017)
Authors: Gerrand Peter
Published: January 2018

Tony Newstead, who died on 6 November 2017, was a pioneering figure in Australian and worldwide telecommunications network planning, as well as in Australian trad jazz as both a trumpeter and early bandleader. This obituary attempts to do justice to his career in both fields. In an Attachment, Dr Clemens Pratt provides a short memoir in appreciation of Tony’s role as his career mentor and colleague, and John Burke provides an appreciation of Tony’s innovatory role in pioneering open planning in Australian telecommunications.
Unde Malum: Deciphering the Roles Of Radical Evil within the Pentecostal Theo-Social Imaginary
Authors: Kelly Ryan
Published: January 2018

Addressing the nature of radical evil is important to a theological approach to understanding culture. This study uses theological and philosophical studies of radical evil to highlight important areas of discourse within Pentecostalism. A case study of the faith community of Philadelphia Holy Pentecostal Church (a pseudonym) provides the means of doing an in-depth analysis of the roles of radical evil in Pentecostal worship and theo-social imaginary. Further, this study suggests that the Pentecostal service constitutes a kind of liturgy, and concludes that the expressive nature of worship in Pentecostalism is part of the reason for its inter-ethnic, cross-class, and international success.
Riding the Roller Coaster: A Review of the 116th Meeting of the American Anthropological Association
Authors: Hurley Jill L
Published: January 2018

News and Opinion Piece.
What Does it Mean to be Human?: The Value of the On Knowing Humanity Project
Authors: Modica Joseph
Published: January 2018

Opinion piece on the On Knowing Humanity project.
Atom Bond Connectivity Indices of Jahangir Graphs (Jn,m)
Authors: Mirajkar Keerthi G. , Doddamani Bhagyashri R.
Published: January 2018

In this paper, we determine the first four types of atom bond connectivity indices of Jahangir graphs.