bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI FUNGSI PENGAWASAN DEWAN PERWAKILAN DAERAH KABUPATEN SUMENENEP
Authors: Zainuri Zainuri
Published: June 2021

Fungsi utama DPRD adalah untuk mengontrol jalannya pemerintahan di daerah, sedangkan berkenaan dengan fungsi legislatif, posisi DPRD bukanlah aktor yang dominan. Pemegang kekuasaan yang dominan di bidang legislatif itu tetap Gubernur atau Bupati/Walikota. Bahkan dalam UU No.23/2014, Gubernur dan Bupati/Walikota diwajibkan mengajukan rancangan Peraturan Daerah dan menetapkannya menjadi Peraturan Daerah dengan persetujuan DPRD. Artinya, DPRD itu hanya bertindak sebagai lembaga pengendali atau pengontrol yang dapat menyetujui atau bahkan menolak sama sekali ataupun menyetujui dengan perubahan-perubahan tertentu, dan sekali-sekali dapat mengajukan usul inisiatif sendiri mengajukan rancangan Peraturan Daerah. Dengan fakta ini maka peran pengawasan dari DPRD menjadi suatu yang vital dalam menjaga roda pemerintahan agar tetap dapat berjalan baik. Namun banyak fakta menunjukan masih banyaknya anggota DPRD yang tidak memiliki kemampuan yang komprehensif untuk menjalankan fungsi pengawasan yang akan mengakibatkan fungsi pengawasan tersebut tidak dapat berjalan baik. fenomena tersebut terjadi juga di DPRD Kota Sumenep dimana masih banyak anggota DPRD yang tidak tahu bagaimana menjalankan fungsi pengawasan yang merupakan salah satu tugas utama mereka.
ANALISIS PASAL 1242 KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PERDATA UNTUK TIDAK BERBUAT SESUATU SEBAGAI HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN
Authors: Andyanto Hidayat
Published: June 2021

Untuk mewujudkan suatu perjanjian yang telah disepakati bersama, para pihak yang terikat dalam perjanjian dapat melaksanakan isi perjanjian sebagaimana mestinya. Dilaksanakannya prestasi dalam perjanjian, maka apa yang diharapkan sebagai maksud dan tujuan diadakannya perjanjian akan tercipta dengan baik tanpa ada pihak yang dirugikan yang dapat menuntut atas kerugian yang dideritanya. Untuk mengatakan bahwa seseorang melakukan wanprestasi dalam suatu perjanjian, kadang-kadang tidak mudah karena sering sekali juga tidak dijanjikan dengan tepat kapan suatu pihak diwajibkan melakukan prestasi yang diperjanjikan. Dalam hal bentuk prestasi debitur dalam perjanjian yang berupa tidak berbuat sesuatu, akan mudah ditentukan sejak kapan debitur melakukan wanprestasi yaitu sejak pada saat debitur berbuat sesuatu yang tidak diperbolehkan dalam perjanjian. Tidak berbuat sesuatu di dalam perjanjian merupakan bentuk pemenuhan perikatan karena hal tersebut merupakan bentuk pemenuhan prestasi setiap pihak yang memiliki hak dan kewajiban timbal balik sehingga perikatan merupakan hubungan dalam lapangan harta kekayaan antara dua orang atau lebih dimana pihak yang satu berhak atas sesuatu dan pihak lain berkewajiban atas sesuatu, perikatan di sini merupakan hubungan hukum yang bersifat harta kekayaan antara dua orang atau lebih, atas dasar mana pihak yang satu berhak (kreditur) dan pihak lain berkewajiban (debitur) atas suatu prestasi, jika salah seorang tidak memenuhi perikatannya maka hal tersebut bisa disebut wanprestasi.
PRILAKU MENYIMPANG TERHADAP KETERTIBAN UMUM KEBERADAAN WANITA TUNA SUSILA DI KECAMATAN SARONGGI
Authors: Fithry Abshoril , Sjaifurrachman Sjaifurrachman
Published: June 2021

Pelacuran atau Prostitusi merupakan salah satu bentuk penyakit masyarakat yang harus dihentikan penyebarannya, tanpa mengabaikan usaha pencegahan dan perbaikan. Prositusi mungkin terasa menyebalkan ketika akan dibahas karena dimasukkan sebagai penyakit masyarakat yang enggan orang membahasnya, terutama di negara kita, mayoritas penduduknya adalah Islam yang ajarannya menentang segala bentuk kemaksiatan termasuk prostitusi. Pada kenyataannya prostitusi menjadi ajang bisnis yang terus berkembang, baik yang praktiknya memang dipusatkan atau dengan sengaja dibuat lokalisasi, maupun prostitusi rumahan dikelola sendiri, yang tersebar di rumah penduduk dalam suatu desa. Faktor penyebab terjadinya perilaku menyimpang dalam masyarakat, antara lain adalah tidak adanya nilai dan norma didalam lingkungan masyarakat setempat, sosoialisasi yang tidak sempurna, sosialisasi sub kebudayaan yang menyimpang, proses belajar yang menyimpang, ketegangan antara budaya dan struktur sosial Harus ada kerjasama yang baik dari semua pihak yang terkait yaitu pelaku pelacuran (mucikari dan pelacurnya), peran polisi, ulama dan tokoh masyarakat umum. Anggota masyarakat harus mau untuk menerima eks-PSK dan sebaliknya PSK-pun harus mau untuk meninggalkan “pekerjaaan kotornya” tersebut dan mau untuk diberdayakan sehingga dapat bekerja secara layak. Menyaksikan suatu penyimpangan sosila yang terjadi dalam masyarakat sudah saatnya semua aparatur Negara turun untuk mencegah dan melakuakn pembinaan agar penyimpangan sosial tersebut dapat dikurangi maupun terselesaikan serta memberikan sanksi yang tegas terhadap pelaku yang sengaja tidak mengindahkan tegoran baik dari tokoh masyarakat, pihak kepolisian maupun yang berwenang lainnya.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DARI KEKERASAN
Authors: Anwar Moh.
Published: June 2021

Upaya pencegahan Agar anak terhindar dari bentuk kekerasan seperti diatas perlu adanya pengawasan dari orang tua, dan perlu diadakannya langkah-langkah sebagai berikut jangan sering mengabaikan anak, tanamkan sejak dini pendidikan agama pada anak, Sesekali bicaralah secara terbuka pada anak dan berikan dorongan pada anak agar bicara apa adanya/berterus terang, Ajarkan kepada anak untuk bersikap waspada seperti jangan terima ajakan orang yang kurang dikenal, perlindungan Hukum terhadap anak penyandang disabilitas yaitu telah diatur di dalam Pasal 76A UU No. 23 Tahun 2002 sebagaimana telah diubah oleh UU No. 35 tahun 2014 tentang perlindungan anak yang terdapat dalam Pasal 76 A.

Aparat penegak hukum bersama dengan masyarakat Lampung mulai  meningkatkan jiwa sosial yang tinggi dan peka terhadap hal-hal yang terjadi dilingkungannya. Penegak hukum, mulai dari tingkat penyidikan kepolisian, sampai pada proses persidangan dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap anak korban tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga harus meningkatkan koordinasi dalam rangka pemenuhan hak-hak korban untuk dilindungi. Karena perlindungan terhadap anak korban penelantaran dan atau anak korban kekerasan adalah kewajiban bersama.
La amenaza del terrorismo: derroteros para el mundo y México
Authors: Ortiz-Arellano Edgar
Published: June 2021

El terrorismo es una amenaza para la seguridad nacional de los Estado nación y del sistema internacional. Con mayor frecuencia, los grupos terroristas y sus tácticas son usados como herramientas para presionar a Gobiernos y poblaciones a someterse o acceder a las demandas de los perpetradores del terror. En esta lógica, no hay país que esté exento de la problemática y el surgimiento de organizaciones que pretenden desestabilizar y violentar a la sociedad. Con base en lo anterior, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar las condiciones actuales del terrorismo y sus tendencias y proponer posibles líneas de acción para los dispositivos políticos y de seguridad nacional, tanto del Estado mexicano como de la sociedad global. Este artículo se sustenta en una investigación documental, basada principalmente en documentos especializados en la temática del terrorismo. Uno de los principales resultados es la identificación de cuatro amenazas vinculadas al terrorismo: crimen organizado, grupos de ideologías extremistas (como el anarco-ecologismo), la reaparición de grupos subversivos y el supremacismo blanco proveniente de los Estados Unidos de América.
‘Justicia transicional’: ¿Un concepto construido o en formación?
Authors: Mejía Azuero Jean Carlo , Suárez Mendoza Angelica
Published: June 2021

La justicia transicional es la herramienta jurídico-política que implementa un Estado, en virtud de su soberanía y en cumplimiento de sus obligaciones internacionales, destinado a investigar, judicializar y sancionar penalmente, si fuere el caso, a los presuntos máximos responsables de violaciones graves a los Derechos Humanos o graves infracciones al Derecho Internacional Humanitario, de forma excepcional y bajo garantías procesales reales. Su literatura relacionada es amplia, en cuanto a la conceptualización, y existen definiciones que van desde lo jurídico hasta lo sociológico y antropológico, pasando también por los diferentes escenarios políticos y académicos, a la par de su aplicación práctica, en prioridad de la justicia restaurativa y reparadora sobre la retributiva, con el propósito de superar la violencia generada en los territorios con casos de violaciones graves a los DD. HH. e infracciones al DIH. El presente documento es una revisión de dichos conceptos, su aplicación y perspectivas.
Colombia y Ecuador: lineamientos estratégicos contemporáneos para la seguridad ambiental fronteriza
Authors: Pinzón Arana Federico
Published: June 2021

La expansión del conflicto armado colombiano (CAC) llegó hasta los límites del país y afectó los espacios fronterizos más alejados de los centros urbanos; entre los lugares más perjudicados, se encuentra la frontera entre Colombia y Ecuador (segmento de 586 kilómetros que compromete a los departamentos colombianos de Nariño y Putumayo y a las provincias ecuatorianas de Carchi, Esmeraldas y Sucumbíos). Tanto los ejércitos regulares como los grupos armados organizados han llevado a cabo un sinnúmero de actividades ilegales a lo largo de la línea divisoria. Por este motivo, los tomadores de decisiones colombianos y ecuatorianos deben identificar y analizar las amenazas, con el fin de implementar una lista de estrategias para hacerle frente al crimen organizado transnacional (COT), el cual atenta contra los activos medioambientales estratégicos de ambos Estados.
Peculiarities of the nature of intentional non-payment for energy loss cost at electrical grid facilities
Authors: Badalyan Karen Oganesovich , Sabanin Sergei Nikolaevich
Published: June 2021

The research subject is theoretical and practical developments of the need for legislative regulation of a legal prohibition of intentional non-payment for energy loss cost at electrical grid facilities. The research object is social relations ensuring legal protection against electrical energy misuse by electrical grid facilities. The authors study the distinction between  the non-payment for actual energy loss cost and the similar civil wrongs. Special attention is given to subjective and objective signs which should be established in order to classify the offense as the illegal use of electric energy which has caused property damage to the energy supplier. The research methodology is based on the general dialectical, logicalm formal-legal, hermeneutical, and statistical research methods. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that the imposition of criminal responsibility for deliberate non-payment for electric energy loss at electrical grid facilities is an area of concern in a current law enforcement practice as it requires the establishment of an objective and subjective parties to an offence and its distinguishing from other civil wrongs. The absence of a common strategy of imposition of criminal liability on those responsible can cause the growth of the number of illegal and unreasonable decisions during a pre-investigation review, and therefore, the growth of equivalent crimes. It explains the need for the optimization of legal measures by means of amending the current Resolution of the Supreme Court Plenum, or the article 165 of the Criminal Court of the Russian Federation with a new regulation on illegal use of electric energy. 
Project study of transformations in the works of F. Kafka and M. A. Bulgakov (“The Metamorphosis” and “Heart of a Dog”)
Authors: Guo Cong
Published: June 2021

The subject of this research is the literary works of F. Kafka “The Metamorphosis” and M. A. Bulgakov “Heart of a Dog”. The object of this research is the metaphor of transformation in the aforementioned novels. The article employs comparative, analytical, and descriptive methods. The methodological framework is comprised of the works of Russian and Chinese scholars. The study is founded on the compilation of research experience of such Chinese authors as Liang Kun, Wen Wenwen, Zhao Lijun, and Zhang Meng), and determines the peculiarities of transformations in the works of F. Kafka and M. A. Bulgakov from the perspective of project study. Practical importance of this research lies in application of the acquired results for creating various methodological textbooks, including cross-cultural direction, for the purpose of bringing Chinese and Russian people together, improving communication, and studying Russian (or Chinese) language on the example of classical literature and analysis of the literary works by Chinese researchers. This work is also valuable for the linguists, as it enriches the knowledge in the area of foreign language research and creation of literary works. The conclusion is made that the use of the metaphor of transformations in the novels “Heart of a Dog” and “The Metamorphosis” answer the social questions faced by Kafka and Bulgakov. Although, it is important to underline the differences in the use of this metaphor as a literary technique. The transformation is associated with the personality of the protagonist. Despite the different social origin of the writers, their works resemble a concern on the social status of a person, and describe emotional torments and life difficulties of the ordinary people. The work aims to broaden the theoretical framework of the research by synthesizing the results of analytics of the selected literary works, as well profound analysis towards seeking the additional meanings of transformation in the novels of F. Kafka and M. Bulgakov in “The Metamorphosis” and “Heart of a Dog”.
Military Psychology- Need, Scope and Challenges
Authors: Sharma Mansi
Published: June 2021

The history of military psychology dates back to the times of World War I and World War II when army Alpha and army beta tests were constructed by psychologists. The army Alpha test was constructed by Robert Yerkes along with his colleagues in the year 1917 to evaluate The US military recruits during World War I. The aim of this research is to understand, evaluate the need of military psychology and its scope and challenges face by the armed forces of India. With this research article, the aim is also to highlight the qualitative relationship of psychology and military culture. With this paper the author aims to analyze how the Indian military culture functions and what role psychology plays in its functioning. The armed forces have always displayed its zeal, sheer wit and courage in strengthening the structure of Democratic country like India. The attempt is to explore in depth, the need of military psychology and how military psychologists or psychologists in general can help the military personnel during times of psychological distress. This research also provides ways in which the mental health professionals can strengthen this relationship with the armed forces of India.
Pemanfaatan Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Dalam Pertolongan Persalinan Di Puskesmas Sungai Piring Utilization of Health Care Facilities in Childbirth Assistance At The Sungai Piring Health Center
Authors: Dewi Aprita , Nurlisis Nurlisis , Afni Nur'
Published: June 2021

Rencana Strategis Kementerian Kesehatan tahun 2015-2019 menetapkan  persalinan di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan (fasyankes) sebagai salah satu indikator upaya kesehatan ibu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dalam pertolongan persalinan di Puskesmas Sungai Piring. Metode dalam kegiatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode wawancara, dokumentasi, foto, video dan observasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif yang didasarkan pada seluruh data yang terkumpul melalui teknik pengumpulan data   Hasil kajian didapat prioritas masalah yaitu rendahnya persalinan di fasyankes 21%, Adapun alternatif pemecahan masalah adalah dengan meningkatkan penyuluhan diposyandu, dikelas ibu hamil, kunjungan rumah P4K, kemitraan bidan dan dukun, Up date ilmu bagi tenaga kesehatan, bimbingan teknis oleh penanggung jawab program KIA ke bidan didesa serta penyegaran kader posyandu. Pemanfaatan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dalam pertolongan persalinan masih belum berjalan sesuai dengan standar kinerja Unit pelayanan KIA/KB. Salah satu upaya yang harus dilakukan adalah dengan meningkatkan kompetensi bidan, melakukan pendekatan persuasif dan peningkatan Kualitas ANC sehingga ibu hamil yang ANC di Puskesmas/Pustu bisa bersalin di Puskesmas/Pustu, serta memperluas wewenang Bidan Penanggung Jawab untuk melakukan promosi pelayanan persalinan.

 

Kata Kunci      :    Bidan, fasyankes, pemanfaatan, persalinan, puskesmas
Perbedaan Massa Lemak Antara Pengukuran Skinfold Caliper dengan Bioelectrical Impedance analysis (BIA) pada Atle
Authors: Ernalia Yanti , Azrin Miftah , Latni G Jessy
Published: June 2021

Penelitian mengenai pengukuran massa lemak menggunakan alat Skinfold Caliper (SKF) dan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) pada atlet sudah banyak dilakukan. Keakuratan metode skinfold caliper tergantung pada teknik pengukuran, keahlian, dan pengalaman dari pengukur, sedangkan metode BIA lebih ringkas, hemat waktu, dan mudah digunakan. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan rata-rata persentase massa lemak tubuh antara menggunakan metode SKF dengan BIA pada atlet binaraga, angkat berat, dan angkat besi.  Desain penelitian crossectional. Data dikumpulkan secara langsung terhadap 30 atlet (21 laki-laki dan 9 orang perempuan). Pengukuran dilakukan dengan mengukur berat badan, tinggi badan, persen lemak tubuh menggunakan BIA, dan SKF. Perbedaan rata-rata persentase lemak tubuh dianalisis menggunakan uji multiple paired t-test. Hasil penelitian menujukkan adanya perbedaan rata- rata persentase lemak tubuh pada atlet menggunakan metode SKF dan BIA. Secara umum dan berdasarkan jenis kelamin, jenis olahraga, dan IMT terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05). Rata- rata persentase massa lemak tubuh menggunakan kaliper skinfold adalah 18,91 sedangkan menggunakan BIA adalah 24, 27. Berurutan persentase lemak tubuh menggunakan metode SKF  pada atlet binaraga, angkat berat, angkat besi, laki-laki, perempuan, status gizi normal, gizi lebih, moderate obes, dan severe obes yaitu : 12,05; 21,77; 17,67;17,31; 22,67;11,75; 17,83; 23,05; dan 34,99. Persentase rata-rata massa lemak tubuh menggunakan metode BIA yaitu 15,34; 28,58; 21,59; 21,99; 29,60; 16,47; 23,69; 29,32; dan 36,00. Kesimpulan penelitian terdapat perbedaan rata- rata persentase lemak tubuh pada atlet menggunakan metode SKF dan BIA secara umum dan berdasarkan jenis kelamin, jenis olahraga, dan IMT, kecuali pada kelompok severe obese

Kata Kunci: Atlet, biolelectrical impendance analysis (BIA), gizi, kaliper skinfold, massa lemak tubuh
Determinan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Langsat Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2020
Authors: Irmawati Irmawati , Vita G.P Christine , Rasyid Zulmeliza
Published: June 2021

Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) adalah konseling dan tes HIV secara sukarela yang bertujuan untuk membantu pencegahan, perawatan, serta pengobatan penyakit HIV dan AIDS. Berdasarkan Permenkes No 42 tahun 2017 tentang triple eliminasi menjelaskan bahwasanya setiap ibu hamil harus dilakukan pemeriksaan HIV, Hepatitis, dan juga sifilis sedini mungkin sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya penularan HIV dari ibu ke anak (MTCT). Tahun 2018, di Indonesia target pemeriksaan HIV pada ibu hamil yaitu 60% ibu hamil diperiksa HIV. Namun, hanya 34% ibu hamil yang melakukan pemeriksaan. Puskesmas Langsat merupakan puskesmas dengan angka VCT pada ibu hamil terendah yang ada di Kota Pekanbaru yaitu sebesar 12,7% ibu hamil yang melakukan pemeriksaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui determinan pemanfaatan pelayanan Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Langsat Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2020. Metode penelitian ini adalah analitik kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Teknik sampling yaitu accidental sampling sebanyak 101 responden. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah pengetahuan, sikap, stigma dan diskriminasi, dukungan keluarga, serta dukungan tenaga kesehatan terhadap pemanfaatan VCT. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisi univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi-square dengan α = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan (p = 0,010. POR = 3,357), stigma dan diskriminasi (p = 0,042. POR = 2,619), dukungan keluarga (p = 0,002. POR = 4,357), dan dukungan tenaga kesehatan (p = 0,004. POR = 3,843) berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan VCT. Saran bagi pihak puskesmas untuk aktif bersosialisasi mengenai VCT dan mengajak lintas sektor untuk bekerjasama dalam pelayanan VCT sehingga, pemeriksaan VCT pada ibu hamil dapat dengan mudah terjangkau.
Efektifitas Media Sosial Youtube Modifikasi Teka Teki Silang Dalam Edukasi Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Pada Siswa - Siswi SDN 015 Sungai Sirih
Authors: Kurniawan Jeffry , Dewi Oktavia , Leonita Emy , Nurlisis Nurlisis , Muryanto Irwan
Published: June 2021

Penyakit gigi dan mulut yang banyak diderita masyarakat Indonesia adalah penyakit jaringan penyangga gigi dan karies gigi. Sumber kedua penyakit tersebut merupakan akibat dari terabaikannya kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Berdasarkan data dari UPTD Kesehatan Puskesmas Sungai bahwa  masih sangat rendahnya pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada anak – anak. Hubungan perilaku dengan pendidikan (pengetahuan) sekolah sangatlah erat, karena kesehatan gigi dan mulut dapat dipengaruhi oleh perilaku. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui efektifitas modifikasi Youtube dengan teka - teki silang tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap tingkat pengetahuan siswa - siswi SDN 015 Sungai Sirih. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain Quasi Eksperimen – Nonequivalent Control Design. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah siswa – siswi kelas V Sekolah Dasar Negeri 015 Sungai Sirih yang berjumlah 54 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan data primer dari pengisian kuesioner pretest  danposttest oleh responden. Analisis yang digunakan adalah Uji Wilcoxon dan Kruskal-wallis. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu pengetahuan siswa – siswi yang diberikan edukasi menggunakan Google Form memperoleh rata – rata mean yaitu 38,89 sedangkan yang diberikan edukasi teka – teki silang modifikasi Youtube memperoleh rata – rata yaitu 79,94. Media teka – teki silang modifikasi Youtube telah terbukti dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa – siswi terhadap kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 015 Sungai Sirih dengan kategori tingkat pengetahuan meningkat 100%. Kesimpulan media sosial Youtubemodifikasi teka teki silang sangat efektif pada penyuluhan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Peneliti menyarankan untuk puskesmas dan peneliti selanjutnya untuk menggunakan strategi lain dalam penyuluhan kesehatan gigi mulut.
Genome Wide Characterization & Phylogenetic Analysis of TNF Genes in Homo Sapiens
Authors:   Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government Collage University, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan, S Saif , MW Mazhar ,   Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government Collage University, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan, M Sikandar ,   Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government Collage University, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan, N Waqas ,   Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government Collage University, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan, J Mahmood ,   Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government Collage University, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan, H Aslam ,   Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government Collage University, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan, M Abaidullah ,   Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, China, A Ijaz ,   National Center of Excellence in Molecular biology, University of Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
Published: June 2021

Tumor Necrosis Factor is very important inflammatory signaling unit that do an important role in immune system. It functions by attachment and stimulation of different receptor’s Cysteine Rich Domains (CDRs). A number of TNF receptors mediated factors have been identified having a major role in signal transduction pathways of TNF gene family. There are about 18 TNF homologues that are identified as a major cause of many disorders like cancer, Diabetes, AIDS and many other lethal inflammations. In this study the genome wide identification of TNF gene was done. Different tools and databases were used. Identification of conserved domains was done by using pfam and homology analysis showed that the TNF might be a member of TRAFs superfamily. Structural analysis of gene showed the number of introns and exons by a three-dimensional structure of TNF gene. The TNF gene family's exon-intron structure was found to be very similar in this study. The distribution of genes across chromosomes, on the other hand, was extremely varied. Collectively, the newly discovered genes can provide a wealth of information for manipulating the TNF genome to develop drugs and strategies to treat a variety of diseases.
Levels of Hsp60 in periodontal tissue of rats: influence of injections of hyaluronic acid
Authors: Kopchak O.V. , Yakovenko L.F. , Marchenko N.S. , Кovach I.V. , Pavlenko E.M. , Nimenko O.A. , Kroupskaya I.V. , Filonenko V.V.
Published: June 2021

Heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) is considered as one of the possible autoantigens involved in the pathogenesis of a number of chronic diseases including periodontal diseases. The application of hyaluronic acid or hyaluronan (HA) in the treatment of periodontitis has been evaluated in several clinical trials, however, the effect of hyaluronic acid on heat shock protein 60 level in periodontal soft tissues has not been studied. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of HA injections on levels of Hsp60 in periodontal tissue of the rats. Samples of periodontal tissue of mandibular incisors of adult male Wistar rats at 10-12 months of age were investigated. Rats were distributed into the control group and the periodontitis group. Visual manifestations of hyperemia of the gums around the incisors were the criterion for selecting animals into the periodontitis group. There were two subgroups in the control group: intact rats (I); intact rats after HA “hyaDENT BG” 1.0 MDa (BioScience GmbH, Germany) treatment (I+“G-1.0”). There were four subgroups in the periodontitis group: rats with periodontitis (P); rats with periodontitis after HA “hyaDENT BG” 1.0 MDa (BioScience GmbH, Germany) treatment (P+“G-1.0”); rats with periodontitis after HA “SERTOBEC” 2.4 MDa (S.C. Rompharm Company S.R.L., Romania) treatment (P+“S-2.4”); rats with periodontitis after HA “SERTOBEC Tendon” 2.4 МDа (S.C. Rompharm Company S.R.L., Romania) treatment (P+“ST-2.4”). There were three animals in each subgroup. Rats were injected 0.05 ml HA in the area of alveolar processus of central incisors once a week, three times. Levels of Hsp60 in total lysates of periodontal tissue were tested by Western blotting method before and after the treatment with HA (one month after the last injection). There was no significant difference between levels of Hsp60 in total lysates of periodontal tissue of intact rats and rats with periodontitis before treatment (p>0.05). Rats with periodontitis showed decreased inflammation in the periodontal tissue after treatment with HA with different molecular weight. Intact rats and rats with periodontitis which were treated with HA “hyaDENT BG” 1.0 MDa showed reduced levels of Hsp60 in total lysates of periodontal tissue comparatively with levels of Hsp60 before treatment (by 15.4 and 10.7 times respectively, p<0.001). Rats with periodontitis which were treated with HA “SERTOBEC” 2.4 MDa or HA “SERTOBEC Tendon” 2.4 MDa also showed reduced levels of Hsp60 in total lysates of periodontal tissue com­paratively with levels of Hsp60 before treatment (by 21.3 and 16.4 times respectively, p<0.001). Rats with pe­riodontitis showed the decrease in inflammation in periodontal tissue after treatment with HA with different molecular weight. Injections of HA has contributed to reduce levels of Hsp60 in periodontal tissue of intact rats and rats with periodontitis.
State of collagenolysis in experimental periodontitis of bacterial-immune genesis and its correction with flavonol
Authors: Demkovych A.Ye. , Bondarenko Yu.I. , Fastovets O.O. , Hrad A.O. , Hasiuk P.A. , Denefil O.V.
Published: June 2021

The article presents an assessment of the dynamics of changes in the content of the marker of collagenolysis – free oxyproline in the homogeniate of soft tissues and bone in experimental bacterial-immune periodontitis and elucidation of the effect of flavonol quercetin on these indicators. The aim of this study was to determine the role of cytokinogenesis and the effect of flavonol on it in the pathogenesis, development and course of experimental periodontitis. During the experiment, a fragment of the mandible was taken from the animals, from which the soft tissues and bone were carefully separated. The state of collagen was determined by the content of free oxyproline in the soft and bone tissues. The concentration was determined according to the calibration graph and expressed in μmol/g. The results of studies of the indicators of the state of biopolymers of connective tissue structures of periodontium on the 7th, 14th and 30th day of experimental bacterial-immune periodontitis and after its correction with flavonol (from the 7th to the 14th day of the experiment) are presented. The data on the nature of changes in the content of collagen monomers in the process of formation of the inflammatory focus in the periodontal complex are given. During the acute phase of the inflammatory process in rats there was revealed a slight increase in blood free oxyproline in bone homogenate and homogenate of soft periodontal tissues, on the 14th day the dynamics continued to increase, at a later stage of the experiment, namely on the 30th day, increase in bone resorption continued  as compared to the 7th and 14th day. During the correction of disorders resulted from  the development of this pathological process there was a decrease in the level of free oxyproline in the bone homogenate and homogenate of soft tissues of mandibular periodontium, as compared to the same indicators of animals who did not receive quercetin on the 14th day. The use of flavonol quercetin, which, by affecting immune processes, limited the inflammatory response in periodontal tissues and stabilized collagenolysis processes in periodontal tissues was manifested by a decrease in free oxyproline in bone and soft tissue homogenates of experimental animals.
Changes of structural organization of human olfactory bulbs under conditions of severe forms of pneumonia and cerebrovascular pathology
Authors: Shkodina A.D. , Grinko R.M. , Starchenko I.I. , Vynnyk N.I. , Sovhyria S.M. , Kyslyi V.F.
Published: June 2021

The role of human olfactory bulbs remains one of the most interesting questions concerning work of the brain, because this organ is one in which neurogenesis is continuously generated in post-natal and adult periods. Impaired sense of smell is not a pathology that threatens human life, therefore, often remains unnoticed. However, it can directly affect the quality of life, as it leads to malnutrition and certain problems in interpersonal relationships. The study of the functional structure of the olfactory analyzer plays an important role both in clinical and experimental studies, but the question of its features in humans needs detailed research. The material of the research was 18 pairs of the olfactory bulbs of males and females aged from 30 to 90 years that were received at the Poltava Regional Department of Pathology. In order to objectify the data obtained on micropreparations, the following morphometric indices were determined: the specific gravity of the location of cellular elements; the proportion of mitral neurocytes in the entire cell population; percentage ratio of relative quantity between cellular elements, blood microvessels, fibrillar component and homogeneous eosinophilic structures. Correlation analysis of morphometric indices in the general sample revealed the existence of an inverse communication of average strength between the relative number of homogeneous eosinophilic cells and the relative number of cellular elements and blood microvessels, which in turn indicates the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of the formation of these structures. The conducted research makes it possible to conclude that mitral cells as one of the most differentiated in olfactory bulbs are sensitive to the development of hypoxic states; under the conditions of cerebrovascular pathology, the relative amount of the blood vessels of the microvessels decreases, which leads to the disorder of the trophy of the nervous tissue and as a result can lead to neurocytolysis of mitral cells. Changes in the vascular and cellular com­ponent indicate a different pathogenesis of changes in human olfactory bulbs in these pathologies and suggest that eosinophilic homogeneous cells are the result of apoptotic neurocytolysis against the background of development of hypoxic states.
Evaluation of efficiency of individual complex rehabilitation of patients based on the international classification of functioning
Authors: Ipatov A.V. , Sanina N.A. , Khanyukova I.Y.
Published: June 2021

In order to determine the possibility of using a rehabilitation profile to assess the effectiveness of rehabilitation and develop a methodology for quantifying the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures in the short term in inpatients of the State Institution "Ukrainian State Research Institute of Medical and Social Disability of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine" we created a rehabilitation profile of the patient based on the principles of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). There were analyzed rehabilitation profiles of 522 patients with therapeutic pathology, musculoskeletal system diseases, and eye diseases. Rehabilitation of patients was comprehensive, with the use of methods of medical, psychological, and physical rehabilitation. The severity of dysfunctions was assessed by a quantitative scale from 0 to 4 points, where "0" – no issues, and "4" – extremely serious issue. The evaluation was performed twice by members of the multidisciplinary team: at the initial examination of the patient and at the discharge from the clinic. The statistical method and the method of expert evaluations were used to process the research results. The licensed software MS Excel for Windows was used. The study found that the proposed method of assessing the effectiveness of short-term rehabilitation is accurate and objective, it considers the initial functional status of the patient and allows to assess the quality and effectiveness of rehabilitation measures at the patient level and at the institution. Its implementation will provide a unified approach to the provision of rehabilitation services and draw conclusions about the effectiveness of rehabilitation activities of the medical institution differentially, considering the type of pathology, leading limitations of life, severity of disorders, age of patients.
A dynamic reframing of the social/personal identity dichotomy
Authors: Walker Benjamin
Published: June 2021

For decades, scholars in organizational and social psychology have distinguished between two types of identity: social and personal. To what extent, though, is this dichotomy useful for understanding identities and their dynamics, and might a different approach facilitate deeper insight? Such are the guiding questions of this article. I begin by reviewing framings of the social/personal identity dichotomy in organizational psychology, and tracing its origins and evolution in social psychology. I then evaluate the strengths and limitations of this dichotomy as a tool for understanding identities. In an attempt to retain the dichotomy’s strengths and overcome its limitations, I present a modified conceptualization of the social and personal dimensions of identity, one that defines these dimensions based on psychological experience (not identity content), and treats them as two independent continua (not two levels of a dichotomy, or opposing ends of a continuum) that any given identity varies along across contexts. Plain language summary A single person can identify with lots of different aspects of their life: their family, community, job, and hobbies, to name but a few. In the same way it helps to group different items in a shop into sections, it can be helpful to group the different identities available to people into categories. And for a long time, this is what researchers have done: calling certain identities “social identities” if based on things like race and culture, and “personal identities” if based on things like traits and habits. In this paper, I explain that for various reasons, this might not be the most accurate way of mapping identities. Instead of categorizing them based on where they come from, I suggest it’s more helpful to focus on how identities actually make people feel, and how these feelings change from one moment to the next. I also point out that many identities can make someone feel like a unique person and part of a broader group at the same time. For this reason, it’s best to think of the “social” and “personal” parts of an identity not as opposites—but simply different aspects of the same thing.
La educación online como alternativa a la educación presencial
Authors: Vallejo Ballesteros Henry Fernando , Guevara Íñiguez Edelmira Lila , Albán Yánez Henry Edgar , Zavala Cárdenas Ernesto Paúl , Cárdenas Benavides Jonathan Patricio
Published: June 2021

En una sociedad caracterizada por un dinamismo muy marcado se presentan retos en la formación de un individuo capaz de conformar exitosamente la construcción del conocimiento desde los saberes, en atención a la consolidación profesional y humana. Para afrontar estos desafíos y alcanzar las metas se requiere una revisión del hombre desde su interior, a fin de permitirse una transformación que proponga una alternativa a la sociedad en la consecución de un futuro canalizado hacia la universidad; la formación en herramientas y plataformas digitales sofisticadas para poder cumplir con exigencias y cambios actuales. Al docente antropológicamente le han asignado tareas y roles en los albores del siglo XXI; se han generado vías, ideas, modos, como ser y cómo hacer para dar respuesta en esta sociedad compleja, complejizadora y en muchas ocasiones sorda, sórdida; donde la notoriedad no existe o es valorada en pocas ocasiones. Entonces, en este momento histórico en las manos del docente está el camino de continuar con la responsabilidad de educar seguir regando esperanzas, valores y acepciones a la diversidad de pensamiento, sentimientos y actuaciones sin perder el foco de atención que los hace más humanos. A lo largo del texto se encontrarán pista para configurar como es un constructor de saberes, por cuanto se conforman conocimientos epistémicos que siguen el construccionismo social como fuente para una pedagogía constructivista y crítica, donde el docente requiere ser organizador de la misma, garantizando el sentido de los saberes para crear y cocrear situaciones de aprendizajes virtuales en tiempos de cambio; en función de la heterogeneidad que cohabita en un espacio particular con una interconexión con el todo.
Impact of Rhizobium biofertilizer on agronomical performance of lentil (BARI Masur-6) in Bangladesh
Authors: Begom Most. Farhana , Ahmed Md. Giush Uddin , Sultana Rebeka , Akter Ferdous
Published: June 2021

Excessive nitrogen fertilizer uses in crop field causes surface water pollution, which has a harmful effect on the ecosystem. The study was conducted to reducing the use of nitrogen fertilizers during cultivation of pulse crop and as an alternative to increase the use of biofertilizers. Rhizobium can fix atmospheric nitrogen to the soil; it can be used as an alternative to urea for the cultivation of lentil (BARI Masur-6). The Rhizobium leguminosarum was isolated from root nodules of lentil (Lens culinaris) plants and cultured in YEMA (Yeast Extract Mannitol Agar) media. The Rhizobium was screened on the ground of physiological, biochemical and environmental conditions. Different doses of urea fertilizers (20, 40, 60, 80 kg ha-1) and liquid Rhizobium were used in experimental plots. The results indicated that biofertilizer with different chemical fertilizer performed higher than application of several level of urea nitrogen fertilizer in respect of plant height, number, chlorophyll content (µg cm-1) and number of nodules plant-1 with variety BARI Masur-6. There was optimum relative growth rate (RGR) also observed. The increase in urea nitrogen levels was the reason for the decline in relative plant growth. Yield and yield contributing characters like number of pod plant-1, number of seed plant-1, 1000-grain weight (g), grain yield (t ha-1), straw yield and biological yield were significantly influenced by biofertilizer application. The assembled application of biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer produced maximum number of harvest index (%) compare to the chemical fertilizers. Significant correlation found with no of nodule, no of seed, seed weight, grain yield and straw yield. Significant correlation also found in chlorophyll content with some yield contributing characters like seed number, seed weight, grain yield and straw biomass. Further significant correlation observed between pod number and seed number, between seed weight and grain yield. Rhizobium can fulfill the alternate source of nitrogen that promoted significant growth and yield of lentil and it was much closer to the farmer’s conventional amount of urea.
RESEARCH RESULTS OF THE MODIFIED WORKING TOOL OF THE COMBINED ROTARY MOWER
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, ALDOSHIN NIKOLAY V. , VASILIEV ALEKSANDR S. ,   Tver State Agricultural Academy, KUDRYAVTSEV ANDREY V. ,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, GOLUBEV VYACHESLAV V. ,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Published: June 2021

Currently, there are practically no mechanization tools on the market that combine grass removal (mowing) and the levelling loosening of the upper soil layer, while cutting the root systems contained in the soil in one pass. The purpose of the study was to provide a theoretical rationale of the modifi ed design of the working tool of the combined rotary mower, as well as to conduct its laboratory and fi eld studies. Complex theoretical, laboratory and fi eld studies were carried out using the equipment of the Department of Technological and Transport Machines and Complexes, the Department of Technology of Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products of Tver State Agricultural Academy and recognized methods of experimental research. In the course of theoretical studies, the main parameters of the new working tool were determined, which enabled two technological processes to be carried out in one pass: grass mowing and cutting with loosening of the top soil layer (0…10 cm). On the basis of the obtained data, a workable model of the working tool was designed. When tested in laboratory conditions, regardless of the operating modes and the initial state of the cultivated soil, improved agrophysical properties were observed in terms of absolute humidity and saturation with root residues. It was found that the most optimal level of absolute humidity for the impact of the working tool on soils of light-loamy granulometric composition was 20%, while the best structural and density indicators were observed at all values of soil saturation with root residues; thgey averaged 2.24 units and 1.26 g/cm3. It has been established that at low operating speeds, it is advisable to use a higher rotation speed of the working tool (at 150 rpm), at the same time, with an increase in speed, the speed of rotation should be reduced (to 110 rpm). As a result of fi eld experiments, convincing data were obtained on the feasibility of using a new working tool that provides eff ective mowing of grassland vegetation (the purity of the stem cut is 95.6%) and loosening of the surface layer of the soil (0…10 cm), increasing the structural coeffi cient by 26.8% while optimizing the density and grinding of root systems. The next stages of the study include developing and manufacturing a workable design of a combined rotary mower prototype that ensures the optimal energy intensity of performance and the required quality of technological processes.
Integrated use of technogenic raw materials in cement technology
Authors: Chernyak L.P. , Melnyk L.I. , Dorogan N.O. , Goloukh I.A.
Published: June 2021

This work used a combination of modern physico-chemical research methods with standardized testing of technological and operational properties of raw materials, clinker, cement and compositions with its application.
Results over of research of the silicate systems with rice husk and ash-fly as technogenic raw material for making of cement clinker are driven. The features of the chemical-mineralogical composition, phase transformations during burning and astringent properties of material at the use of 42,5-50,5 % industry wastes in composition initial raw material mixtures are shown.
The object of the study were raw material mixtures for the production of Portland cement clinker based on the systems of chalk - clay - man-made raw materials and chalk - man-made raw materials.
The possibility of replacing exhaustible and non-renewable natural raw materials with a complex of multi-tonnage wastes of agro-industry and heat energy, which meets the objectives of expanding the raw material base of cement production, resource conservation and environmental protection.
Peculiarities of phase formation during firing of silicate systems of chalk-polymineral clay and chalk-technogenic raw materials taking into account changes in the quantitative ratio of components, in particular rice husk and ash-removal of thermal power plants are noted.
USING ASYMMETRIC DISTRIBUTIONS FOR MODELING GENE EXPRESSION DATA
Authors: MACERAU Walkiria Maria de Oliveira , MILAN Luis Aparecido
Published: June 2021

We present a short review of the asymmetric distributions alpha-stable, skew normal, skew Student’s t and skew Laplace. We compare the performance for these distributions, in general, are used to model asymmetric data, using AIC and BIC. These criterias were able to selecting the best model for each data set. We also apply these models to gene expression data and we verify these distributions are qualified to model these  observations.
STUDY OF TESTS FOR TREND IN TIME SERIES
Authors: PAIVA Denise de Assis , SÁFADI Thelma
Published: June 2021

The time series methodology is an important tool when using data over time. The time series can be composed of the components trend (Tt), seasonality (St) and the random error (at). The aim of this study was to evaluate the tests used to analyze the trend component, which were: Pettitt, Run, Mann-Kendall, Cox-Stuart and the unit root tests (Dickey-Fuller, Dickey-Fuller Augmented and Zivot and Andrews), given that there is a discrepancy between the test results found in the literature. The four series analyzed were the maximum temperature in the Lavras city, MG, Brazil, the unemployment rate in the Metropolitan Region of S~ao Paulo (RMSP), the Broad Consumer Price Index (IPCA) and the nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Brazil. It was found that the unit root tests showed similar results in relation to the presence of the stochastic trend for all series. Furthermore, the turning point of the Pettitt test diverged from all the structural breaks found through the Zivot and Andrews test, except for the GDP series. Therefore, it was found that the trend tests diverged, obtaining similar results only in relation to the unemployment series.