bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus among Full-Term Mothers and their Infants at El-Obeid Teaching Hospital, Sudan
Authors: Suliman Eldaw Breima , Alloka Aaza Algyli , Ismail Haitham Abdalla Ali , Ali Samira Mekki Ahmed , Ali Tamani Ahmed Bhar , Mohammed Nawal Ali Ahmed , Ahmed Hussain Gadelkarim
Published: January 2024

Background: The Hepatitis B virus causes dangerous liver illness. Infected pregnant women can infect their newborns and develop fulminant HBV. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus among pregnant women and their newborns. Methodology: The study involved 226 randomly selected women from January to March 2023. Results: The results showed that 4.9% of pregnant women had HBV infection, with Caesarean Section being a significant risk factor. Around 27.3% of infected mothers transmitted HBV to their newborns. The age group 26-30 years had the highest prevalence rate of HBsAg, with urban residents having the highest prevalence. Conclusion: Caesarean section and urban resident were the most risk factors for infection with HBV. The study recommends laboratory-based screening and prophylactic vaccines to eliminate HBV from the general population.
Appendicular Mucocele Complicated by Peritoneal Pseudomyxoma
Authors: Amzal Z. , Kadiri M. , Borahma M. , Chabib FZ. , Lagdali N. , Berhili C. , Benelbarhdadi I. , Ajana F.
Published: January 2024

Appendiceal mucocele (AM) or Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms is a rare but potentially dangerous condition. In the latter, a spontaneous or iatrogenic rupture of the mucocele can lead to mucinous intraperitoneal ascites, a syndrome known as pseudomyxoma peritonei. We present the case of a 76-year-old female patient who reported right iliac fossa pain with RIF tenderness on clinical examination, and underwent an abdominal CT scan showing an appendiceal mucocele associated with a small peritoneal effusion suspecting a ruptured mucocele, related to peritoneal pseudomyxoma. The patient underwent appendectomy with peritoneal lavage and aspiration of all mucin found. Anatomopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of appendiceal mucocele (a low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm).
Study of Pre-Analytical Errors in Laboratory & Steps to Improve
Authors: Grover Reeta , Gadhavi Brijeshkumar Joravarsinh
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Pre-analytical errors decisively influence the total laboratory errors and consequently the diagnostic accuracy. The following were the objectives of the study. 1) To detect the percentage of pre-analytical errors in venous specimens in Laboratory. 2) To categorize these pre-analytical errors. 3) To formulate steps of corrective measures to avoid such type of errors. Study Design and Result: Type of Study - Retrospective study. Study period - 12 months (June 2015 to May 2016), documenting the frequency and type of pre-analytical errors. Results: Total number of pre-analytical errors detected in the period of 12 months’ study were 180. Improper timing of specimens, hemolyzed & clotted specimens and improper requests were the major concerns followed by delay in specimen transport. Conclusion: Pre-analytical phase is an important component of Total Laboratory Quality. Pre-analytical errors are not inevitable and can be avoided or minimized with diligent application of quality control, continuing education, effective protocols, and standardized procedures for effective blood collection systems to ensure total Quality patient care.
PENGETAHUAN, KUALITAS HIDUP DAN BIAYA SAKIT PASIEN DENGUE DI RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH GAMPING
Authors:   Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Supadmi Woro , Elvinda Esty ,   Program Pascasarjana, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Perwitasari Dyah Aryani , Faridah Imaniar Noor
Published: January 2024

The incidence of dengue virus infection in the D.I. Yogyakarta reached 3,618 cases in 2020. Based on its clinical manifestations, dengue virus infection is divided into Dengue Fever (DF), Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF), and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS). This study aims to identify the level of knowledge, quality of life, and costs of dengue patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital from March 2021 to October 2021. This study used a cross-sectional design. The measurement of the patient's knowledge level used a questionnaire knowledge of dengue, while the quality of life was assessed using EQ-5D-5L for adult patients and EQ-5D-Y for pediatric patients. The cost of illness data from the hospital finance database. This study involved 31 respondents with the characteristics aged 16-40 years (54.84%), male (87.1%), using BPJS insurance (80.65%), and an average length of stay of 4 days (51.61%). The patient's level of knowledge about dengue, knowledge of dengue prevention, and dengue prevention behavior reached 74.20% (sufficient), 74.20% (sufficient), and 77.42% (sufficient) respectively. The quality of life of dengue patients reached 100% and 85.2% in DF patients, while the DHF patients felt a few anxious/depressed (sad). The average cost of illness in DF patients was Rp. 2,796,386 and Rp. 3,378,537 in DHF patients.
POTENSI KOMPOSIT OKSIDA LOGAM-KITOSAN SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIDIARE
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin, Musiam Siska , Kumalasari Eka
Published: January 2024

Diarrhea is a defecation disorder characterized by defecating more than three times a day with a liquid stool consistencBABy, which may be accompanied by blood and/or mucus. Infection is still the main cause of diarrhea. The large number of cases of diarrhea due to infection means that antibiotics are still widely used in treating diarrhea. Irrational use of antibiotics can result in the emergence of side effects and resistance. To prevent this, diarrhea treatment can use materials that are able to absorb toxins and bacteria in the digestive tract, and are safe for the human body. Chitosan is an environmentally friendly material that has a large network of pores. Some metal oxides have been found to have good chemical affinity. The metal oxide-chitosan composite in nano size is predicted to allow the absorption of toxins and bacteria, but is easily released again by the body. In this research, metal oxide (Fe)-chitosan composite material was synthesized using 2 methods designed to have an antidiarrheal effect. The antidiarrheal effect is observed by its ability to absorb liquids containing natural ingredients. The results of this research showed that the composite material synthesized using a liquid reaction (13,861 ppm to 11,082 ppm) produced a stronger adsorption capacity compared to the composite material synthesized using a solid reaction (13,861 ppm to 11,265 ppm).
Education on The Role of Financial Literacy and Development at PT. Pawnshop
Authors: Munthe Herlin , Bayu Wulandari  , Namira Ufrida Rahmi  , Thomas Firdaus Hutahaean  , Maya Sabirina Panggabean  , Dianty Putri Purba  , Jessi Charina Sembiring  , Ribka Sari Butar-Butar
Published: January 2024

Literasi keuangan dalah sebuah investasi jangka panjang yang sangat dibutuhkan dan bemanfaat pada masyarakat dalam mengelola dan menjaga keuangan agar dapat terjaga dan dapat dibutuhkan setiap saat yang memiliki kebutuhan yang mendesak. Adapun tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini untuk mengetahui bahwa peranan literasi dalam perkembangan keuangan sangat diperlukan. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan oleh dosen universitas prima Indonesia fakultas ekonomi sebagai tri darama perguruan tinggi.

dilaksanakan di Kantor PT Pegadaian Gajah Mada Alamat: Jl. Gajah Mada, Sei Sikambing D, Kec. Medan Petisah, Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara 20114.  Waktu pelasanaan 27 Oktober 2023. Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan menggunakan metode ceramah dan diskusi. Literasi keuangan juga dapat mendukung kekayaan financial dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi. Dengan memahami literasi keuangan maka seseorang dapat menentukan produk investasi sesuai dengan kemampuan dan kebutuhn untuk jangka panjang.
РОСТ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА КАК ОДНО ИЗ ВАЖНЕЙШИХ УСЛОВИЙ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СТРАНЫ
Authors: Гишкаева Л.Л. , Полонкоева Ф.Я.
Published: January 2024

Статья посвященаисследованию специфики развития отраслей сельского хозяйства экономики России. Авторы отмечают, что в аграрной политике формирование нового подхода есть необходимое условие, дающее возможность в России повысить эффективность в развитии отраслей сельского хозяйства. В стране с 2017 года можно отметить протекание значительных финансово-экономических преобразований механизма, направленного на поддержку аграрного сектора экономики со стороны государства. Определено, что аграрная политика только тогда будет считаться научно обоснованной, когда будут учитываться базовый статус, значимость и специфика аграрного сектора, определяющие необходимость оказания для него приоритета при осуществлении государственной поддержки. Исследованы особенности развития аграрного сектора российской экономики с началом рыночных процессов 1990-х годов. Предложены различные меры, направленные на эффективное функционирование отраслей сельского хозяйства России. Как отмечают авторы, Чеченская Республика имеет хорошие возможности для сельскохозяйственного производства. Развитие аграрного сектора в регионе есть одно из важнейших условий, которое даст значительной части его населения, большинство которого приходится на сельскую местность, возможность трудоустройства.
ЦИФРОВАЯ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ: ВЫЗОВЫ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ДЛЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РОССИИ
Authors: Тамбиева Х.М.
Published: January 2024

Цифровая трансформация оказывает глубокое воздействие на экономическую безопасность России. В данной работе обсуждаются ключевые вызовы и возможности, которые сопровождают цифровую трансформацию. Особое внимание уделяется влиянию на отдельные секторы экономики, такие как энергетика, производство, сельское хозяйство, финансы и другие. Анализируется существующая цифровая инфраструктура, и выявляются ее недостатки, включая проблемы кибербезопасности и неравномерное распределение выгод от продвижения инноваций в общество. В заключение, предлагаются рекомендации по укреплению экономической безопасности России, включая развитие инфраструктуры, обеспечение кибербезопасности, развитие навыков и поддержку инноваций. Эти меры могут помочь России использовать потенциал цифровой трансформации для обеспечения стойкости и процветания в цифровую эпоху.
«ЗЕЛЕНАЯ» ЭКОНОМИКА ДЛЯ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ
Authors: Маккаева Р.С.-А. , Нукаева М.А. , Кагиров М.Р.
Published: January 2024

В данной статье рассматривается особенность влияния «зеленой» экономики на развитие территорий, на социальное общество, а также на природу и животных. «Зеленая» экономика – это модель экономического развития, предполагающая ответственное отношение человека к ресурсам Земли. Она направлена на поиск эффективного ответа в вопросе роста социальных потребностей и сохранения природных богатств.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЗДОРОВОГО ОБРАЗА ЖИЗНИ В СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ СРЕДЕ
Authors: Ясадова З.А. , Булуева Ш.И. , Белалов Р.М.
Published: January 2024

В статье раскрывается сущность информационного посыла образовательного процесса, направленного на формирование и совершенствование здоровьесберегающей компетенции среди студентов. Приведены и разъяснены по отдельности, каждый из четырех этапов воздействия на студентов информационной и иной активности образовательной организации. Приведены аргументы целесообразности формирования осознанного отношения к здоровью, как со стороны студентов, так и со стороны преподавателей образовательного учебного заведения. Раскрыто целевое назначение различных мероприятий для привития здорового образа жизни студентам, в том числе путем их активного участия в процессе волонтерской деятельности. Разъяснена целесообразность личного примера преподавателя и его добровольного выбора в пользу сохранения собственного здоровья и здорового духа, как источника распространения здоровых установок среди студентов. Аргументирован подход к структуризации информационного посыла здоровьесберегающей образовательной деятельности среди студентов в целях распространения ими соответствующих здоровых установок непосредственно в студенческой среде. Приведен пример практики, реализуемой на территории Чеченской Республики, в отношении исключения употребления местным населением спиртосодержащих напитков. На примере ФГБОУ ВО ЧГУ им. А.А. Кадырова показана возможность конструирования системы формирования здорового образа жизни среди студентов путем реализации мероприятий различного характера, объединяющихся в рамках достижения идентичной здоровьесберегающей компетенции.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ВТОРОЙ ЯЗЫКОВОЙ ЛИЧНОСТИ В УСЛОВИЯХ СРЕДНЕЙ ШКОЛЫ
Authors: Гагаева Х.Х. , Дзейтова Х.Б.
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема формирования второй языковой личности при обучении французскому языку. Лингвострановедческие знания способствуют формированию межкультурной компетенции на уроках французского языка, позволяют глубже познакомиться с традициями, обычаями, нравами страны изучаемого языка, выявить общее и разное в исследуемых культурах.
Integrasi Promosi Wisata di Desa Cikolelet-Serang melalui Website
Authors: Panudju Andreas Tri , Nopianti Rina
Published: January 2024

Terdapat potensi wisata organik dan buatan di Desa Cikolelet. Terdapat kekurangan informasi pariwisata bagi calon pengunjung, dan promosi belum dilaksanakan secara maksimal atau diintegrasikan ke dalam satu situs web. Dengan memanfaatkan digitalisasi dan website, aksi ini bertujuan untuk memajukan permukiman pariwisata. Penilaian, pendampingan, pelatihan, dan supervisi merupakan pendekatan yang digunakan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa para peserta mendapat manfaat besar dari bimbingan dan bantuan desain web dan promosi; Temuan ini dapat diartikan sebagai bukti adanya pemantauan melalui Cikolelet. Pengelola sangat membutuhkan pusat informasi wisata karena memberikan informasi kepada wisatawan mengenai tempat wisata. Hasil yang dicapai dari pelatihan manajemen organisasi antara lain peningkatan kualitas pengurus Pokdarwis; Sebelum pelatihan, tidak ada seorang pun yang mempunyai gagasan yang jelas tentang apa yang menjadi tanggung jawab mereka, namun setelah sesi ini, semua orang mempunyai pemahaman yang jelas tentang peran mereka.
The Effect of Preconception Nutritional Status on Birth Weight of Babies in Maternity Women in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Purnamawati Leli
Published: January 2024

Preconception nutritional status is one of the factors that can influence a baby's birth weight. This study aims to determine the effect of preconception nutritional status on birth weight of babies in maternity mothers in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia. This research uses a descriptive analytical research design with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was 100 maternity mothers in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia. Data was collected through interviews and anthropometric examination. Data analysis used the Pearson correlation test. The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between preconception nutritional status and the baby's birth weight (r=0.714; p<0.001). Mothers with good preconception nutritional status have a lower risk of giving birth to babies with low birth weight (LBW) compared to mothers with poor or poor preconception nutritional status. The conclusion of this study is that preconception nutritional status has a positive effect on the baby's birth weight. Therefore, it is important for women of childbearing age to maintain their nutritional status so they can give birth to healthy and prosperous babies.
„Köztudomásu dolog ez ott és látták is többen”
Authors: Boldog-Bernád István
Published: January 2024

The study examines two articles published simultaneously by Kornél Tábori which contain a detailed description of Sándor Petőfi’s visit to Mezőtúr and record the circumstances of the creation of two poems purportedly written by Petőfi. e research takes an account of contemporary sources to uncover the sequence of events that form the basis of the two articles. While the available data suggests that the texts record fictitious events, they are nevertheless of an academic interest when examined as legends from the perspective of folklore literature. The essay also uncovers the parallels between the legend and the tropes connected to the story recorded by Tábori. Tábori’s two texts are included in the study as appendices.
”Increasing oil recovery by injecting an air composition of the surface active substance (SAS) in the irrigated layers”
Authors:   ”Geotechnological Problems of Oil, Gas and Chemistry” SRI, Qasimli A.M. , Aliyev E.N. ,   ”Geotechnological Problems of Oil, Gas and Chemistry” SRI
Published: January 2024

The introduction of a water-gas mixture into the reservoir necessitates gas production along with oil in the field. This creates difficulties in the old fields of Azerbaijan. Therefore, unlike the water-gas mixture injected into the layers, the use of a solution of surfactant (SAS) in water instead of air water instead of gas guarantees that the process is both cheap and effective. During the injection of the mixture, the air, being a non-wet phase, will enter the small permeable pores of the layer, helping to displace the oil from it, as well as prevent the formation of water tongues in the layer. The solution from the SAS reagent to be added to the water will not only increase the oil-washing capacity, but also relieve the surface tension at the border with the oil, causing weakening of the capillary forces. Thus, the impact coverage of the reservoir will increase, which will ensure the rise of the oil recovery of the reservoir. By replacing the injection of water with the injection of a solution-air composition through an injector to remove residual oil from the irrigated reservoir, the oil yield coefficient increased by 27%. The injection of the solution-air composition through the reservoir injector increased the oil recovery and also led to a decrease in the volume of the outgoing water.
Electrokinetic regulation of the process of oil displacement by water in microcracks
Authors:   Baku Higher Oil School, Veliyev F.H. , Aslanova A.R. ,   Baku Higher Oil School
Published: January 2024

The displacement of Newtonian oil by water in a model of a microchannel of rectangular cross-section is experimentally investigated. Using a microchannel model, it was found that the efficiency of oil displacement by water is significantly influenced by the magnitude of the electrokinetic potential of the system. To regulate the electrokinetic potential, an antistatic additive was used, the optimal concentration of which was established experimentally. The efficiency of immiscible oil displacement was determined at different openness h of microchannels in the absence and presence of additives in water. It was found that a decrease in the electrokinetic potential of the water flow leads to a significant increase in the efficiency of oil displacement from the microcrack.
Influence of biocides on the operational properties of lubricant compositions
Authors:   Institute of Ecology and Natural Resources of Azerbaijan Republic, Aliyev F.Y. , Javadova H.A. ,   Institutе of Additives Chemistry of Azerbaijan Republic, Jafarova I.A. ,   Institute of Ecology and Natural Resources of Azerbaijan Republic
Published: January 2024

O organization of the production of lubricants, the creation of motor oils for various brands of locomotive, stationary, industrial, large-load self-loading ship diesels used in Republic, researched of highly effective additives and additive packages, is possible with the development of new lubricant compositions. For this purpose, investigation of multifunctional additives and additive packages in base oils according to the latest requirements has the great importance. Additives included in additive compositions in optimal concentration meet the requirements for a number of quality indicators of oils. The component added to these compositions – the biocide – may have a negative effect on the mentioned operating properties. Therefore, the main physico-chemical and operating properties of new bio-sustainable lubricants should be checked and the options recommended for application should be scientifically and practically justified. It is known, that the basic operational properties of lubricating oils are their oxidation, corrosion, corrosion and washing properties. As a result of the research conducted in the field of creating bio-sustainable additive compositions for various purpose lubricants on the basis of multifunctional additives and additive packages, it was determined that using organic compounds of different composition (α-phenyl-β-nitroethene biocide in the amount of 0.25 %) as a biocide can increase their service life possible. The specified properties of bio-sustainable oil samples created by adding biocide are determined by the relevant GOST. Our goal is to study the effect of biocide added to the oil composition.
Hydrocarbon reserves in the Kura depression considerations about recovery properties
Authors:   Oil and Gas Institute of Azerbaijan Republic, Asgarova R.A.
Published: January 2024

In various areas of the Kura depression, oil has been produced industrially since the 1950s (and in Naftalan since 1887). Currently, there are Tarsdallar, Naftalan, Muradkhanli, Karabakhli, Mishovdag, etc. such deposits are in operation. It is interesting that most of these deposits are exploited without drilling additional wells and without external influence on the layers involved in the production. The analyzes show that the relative stability of the production in these fields is ensured by the continuous transportation of hydrocarbon fluids to the reservoirs, which are formed in the intra-reservoir space in the Middle Kura, and in the deeper bedrocks in the Lower Kura. It should be noted that time has already proven the possibility of long-term exploitation of these deposits in a balanced production mode. There is enough information on the online resources about the renewable characteristics of oil and gas deposits. The Balakhani-Sabunchu-Ramana field, which was included in industrial development in Azerbaijan in 1871 and is currently in operation, is unambiguously included among the fields that are being restored. The article provides an interpretation of the author’s opinions on the inclusion of the deposits in the Kura depression in the list of renewable deposits, based on the processing and interpretation of real geological-geophysical data.
Professor Rabindra Nath Bhattacharya (15 November 1941 to 3 June 2022)
Authors: Acharyya Achiransu
Published: January 2024

NA
Will the Green Credit Programme Incentivize Positive Environmental Actions?
Authors: Kumar Surender
Published: January 2024

The Government of India has launched the Green Credit Programme (GCP)—a market-based voluntary programme—to enhance energy and resource-use efficiency, foster conservation of resources, mitigate climate change, and strengthen adaptive capacity. The programme intends to incentivize the adoption of environmentally sustainable technologies and processes through fiscal and financial nudges and effect behavioural changes. The efficacy of a policy programme depends on its design and implementation, though, in theory, such programmes are designed to be cost-effective, environmentally favourable, as well as economically inclusive. The success of a tradable programme should be judged on the basis of four parameters: design of the programme, minimization of transaction costs, market volatility, and leakage and environmental degradation. The GCP administrators have yet to issue an effective design and implementation framework for the programme.
La V Heurística en la Investigación de la Educación Básica y Superior: Una Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Puma-Ramos María Sonia
Published: January 2024

La V heurística es una metodología basada en una gráfica que permite relacionar conceptos previos y científicos, en ella se consideran campos de estudio, como; una situación a resolver, la pregunta que orienta el aprendizaje, los conceptos y la metodología. De ahí que este esquema tiene un aporte en la investigación desde el aula, porque comprende la estructura investigativa, aquella que regula la educación básica y formación profesional, permitiendo así una indagación de manera dinámica. El objetivo de la investigación es dar a conocer la gráfica, los campos y las características que presenta cada apartado. Esta revisión sistemática, se desarrolló con la revisión de 54 publicaciones y artículos científicos seleccionados de entre 435, examinando su uso en la educación entre 2017 al 2023. Los resultados destacan que la V heurística es una herramienta efectiva para promover el aprendizaje significativo, ya que facilita la conexión entre conocimientos previos y nuevos conceptos, así mismo se observa que estimula la resolución de problemas y la identificación de temas de investigación a partir de la observación. En conclusión, la V de Gowin se presenta como una estrategia valiosa en la indagación científica, fomentando el aprendizaje significativo, la resolución de problemas y la generación de temas de investigación, contribuyendo así al desarrollo de una cultura investigativa en las escuelas y espacios de indagación en todo nivel de estudio.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN LATIHAN IMAGERY TERHADAP HASIL TEMBAKAN ATLET PANAHAN KABUPATEN BULELENG
Authors: Anderzen Kadek Arry
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen lapangan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan imagery terhadap hasil tembakan atlet panahan Kabupaten Buleleng dan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil tembakan atlet panahan Kabupaten Buleleng.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design. Subjek penelitian adalah atlet panahan Kabupaten Buleleng yang berjumlah 22 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Uji-t dengan bantuan SPSS (Statistical Pacage/Program for Social Science) versi 16.0.Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut : (1) pemberian latihan imagery berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan hasil tembakan atlet panahan Kabupaten Buleleng sebesar 11.39%. hasil uji-t menyatakan nilai thitung 3.807 nilai ttabel 1.734, berarti hipotesis teruji kebenarannya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa latihan imagery berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan hasil tembakan atlet panahan Kabupaten Buleleng tahun 2016 dan dapat diberlakukan (generalisir) dalam sebuah program latihan.
A Numerical Comparison of 2D and 3D CFD Modelling for Contraction and Expansion Geometries with an Emphasis on Solid Particles Erosion
Authors: Meftah Hrairi  , Faical Baghdadi  , Waqar Asraar
Published: January 2024

In this study, erosion patterns and magnitude are compared between the outputs of 2D and 3D CFD models in contraction and expansion geometries. ANSYS Fluent software was used to model a circular cross-section geometry with a contraction and the results were compared to published experimental data. The simulation findings showed that there is good agreement between the 2D and 3D CFD models and the experimental data in terms of fluid flow properties such as velocity profiles and magnitude. It also demonstrated that the 2D and 3D CFD models' representations of erosion patterns and magnitudes are equivalent. The 3D CFD simulations were able to provide more information than the 2D CFD simulations, particularly in terms of erosion distribution over the entire geometry.
Investigation of Modified EMST Micromixing Model Performance on Lagrangian PDF Transported in Lifted Hydrogen/Air Fames
Authors: Mohamed Senouci  , Ahmed Amine Larbi  , Habib Rouan Serik  , Abdehamid Bounif  , Habib Merouane
Published: January 2024

This article presents a numerical simulation of high hydrogen/air flames using the Lagrangian transported PDF method. This method enables the calculation of fluid composition changes resulting from convection and reaction without the need for modelling, while requiring modelling for molecular mixing. Consequently, the accuracy of calculations in this L-PDF method heavily relies on an accurate representation of the mixture model term. The Euclidean model, which provides a better description of physical mixing processes, is well-suited for modelling the molecular mixing term EMST. Additionally, the accuracy of this model depends on the value of the mixing constant, representing the ratio between the mechanical time scale and the scalar time scale. Two algebraic models for the mixing constant have been implemented in the computational code, employing a well-defined function to calculate this ratio for each cell. These models contribute to memory and CPU time savings. To account for turbulence and its interaction with physical phenomena, the RSM model is employed due to its ability to identify different areas of turbulent stresses. Hence, the primary objective of this study is to evaluate the capabilities of these algebraic models in predicting scalar fields within such flames. Overall, the predictions align well with experimental data, affirming the validity of these models.
Spectroscopic Distance, Mass, and Age Estimations for APOGEE DR17
Authors: Stone-Martinez Alexander , Holtzman Jon A. , Imig Julie , Nitschelm Christian , Stassun Keivan G. , Brownstein Joel R.
Published: January 2024

We derive distances and masses of stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment Data Release 17 using simple neural networks. Training data for distances comes from Gaia EDR3, supplemented by literature distances for star clusters. For masses, the network is trained using asteroseismic masses for evolved stars and isochrone masses for main-sequence stars. The models are trained on effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, and carbon and nitrogen abundances. We found that our distance predictions have median fractional errors that range from ≈20% at low log g and ≈10% at higher log g with a standard deviation of ≈11%. The mass predictions have a standard deviation of ±12%. Using the masses, we derive ages for evolved stars based on the correspondence between mass and age for giant stars given by isochrones. The results are compiled into a Value Added Catalog called DistMass that contains distances and masses for 733,901 independent spectra, plus ages for 396,548 evolved stars.
Star Formation in the H ii Region Sh2-87: Evidence of Global Hierarchical Collapse
Authors: Biswas Siddhartha , Mondal Soumen , Hoque Ariful , Panja Alik , Baug Tapas , Das Ramkrishna
Published: January 2024

We present a detailed study of the Sh2-87 H ii region using a multiwavelength data set in optical to radio bands. A Herschel column density map revealed that the host cloud is filamentary in nature, and together they formed a central dense hub. The extinction map generated using near-infrared photometric data also signifies the nonuniform distribution of the cloud and reveals its filamentary nature. We estimated a sizable variable extinction over the region up to A

V
= 34.4 mag, with an average value of A

V
= 3.4 mag. Using the various infrared color–color criteria, we identified 13 Class I and 202 Class II young stellar objects (YSOs) and 22 Hα-emitting sources toward this region. Further analysis showed that the cluster is mainly composed of low-mass YSOs with a typical age of ∼3 Myr having masses in the range of 0.1–6.0 M
⊙. The identified evolved YSOs (i.e., Class II YSOs) are primarily distributed along the filaments and in the outer parts of the cloud, while the recent star formation, inferred by the presence of Class I YSOs, ionized gas, and star-forming clumps, is observed in the hub region. The overall star formation scenario in the Sh2-87 region resembles the global hierarchical collapse model of star formation, where younger massive star formation activity is expected at the central hub along with the distribution of evolved low-mass YSOs in the filaments and the outer parts of the cloud.
The JWST Discovery of the Triply Imaged Type Ia “Supernova H0pe” and Observations of the Galaxy Cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0
Authors: Frye Brenda L. , Pascale Massimo , Pierel Justin , Chen Wenlei , Foo Nicholas , Leimbach Reagen , Garuda Nikhil , Cohen Seth H. , Kamieneski Patrick S. , Windhorst Rogier A. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Kelly Pat , Summers Jake , Engesser Michael , Liu Daizhong , Furtak Lukas J. , del Carmen Polletta Maria , Harrington Kevin C. , Willner S. P. , Diego Jose M. , Jansen Rolf A. , Coe Dan , Conselice Christopher J. , Dai Liang , Dole Hervé , D’Silva Jordan C. J. , Driver Simon P. , Grogin Norman A. , Marshall Madeline A. , Meena Ashish K. , Nonino Mario , Ortiz Rafael , Pirzkal Nor , Robotham Aaron , Ryan Russell E. , Strolger Lou , Tompkins Scott , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Yan Haojing , Yun Min S. , Zitrin Adi
Published: January 2024

A Type Ia supernova (SN) at z = 1.78 was discovered in James Webb Space Telescope Near Infrared Camera imaging of the galaxy cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0 (G165; z = 0.35). The SN is situated 1.5–2 kpc from the host-galaxy nucleus and appears in three different locations as a result of gravitational lensing by G165. These data can yield a value for Hubble’s constant using time delays from this multiply imaged SN Ia that we call “SN H0pe.” Over the cluster, we identified 21 image multiplicities, confirmed five of them using the Near-Infrared Spectrograph, and constructed a new lens model that gives a total mass within 600 kpc of (2.6 ± 0.3) × 1014
M
⊙. The photometry uncovered a galaxy overdensity coincident with the SN host galaxy. NIRSpec confirmed six member galaxies, four of which surround the SN host galaxy with relative velocity ≲900 km s−1 and projected physical extent ≲33 kpc. This compact galaxy group is dominated by the SN host galaxy, which has a stellar mass of (5.0 ± 0.1) × 1011
M
⊙. The group members have specific star formation rates of 2–260 Gyr−1 derived from the Hα-line fluxes corrected for stellar absorption, dust extinction, and slit losses. Another group centered on a strongly lensed dusty star-forming galaxy is at z = 2.24. The total (unobscured and obscured) SFR of this second galaxy group is estimated to be (≳ 100 M
⊙ yr−1), which translates to a supernova rate of ∼1 SNe yr−1, suggesting that regular monitoring of this cluster may yield additional SNe.
Small-scale Magnetic Fields Are Critical to Shaping Solar Gamma-Ray Emission
Authors: Li 李 Jung-Tsung 融宗 , Beacom John F. , Griffith Spencer , Peter Annika H. G.
Published: January 2024

The Sun is a bright gamma-ray source due to hadronic cosmic-ray interactions with solar gas. While it is known that incoming cosmic rays must generally first be reflected by solar magnetic fields to produce outgoing gamma rays, theoretical models have yet to reproduce the observed spectra. We introduce a simplified model of the solar magnetic fields that captures the main elements relevant to gamma-ray production. These are a flux tube, representing the network elements, and a flux sheet, representing the intergranular sheets. Both the tube and sheet have a horizontal size of order 100 km and serve as sites where cosmic rays are reflected and gamma rays are produced. While our simplified double-structure model does not capture all the complexities of the solar-surface magnetic fields, such as Alfvén turbulence from wave interactions or magnetic fluctuations from convection motions, it improves on previous models by reasonably producing both the hard spectrum seen by Fermi Large Area Telescope at 1–200 GeV and the considerably softer spectrum seen by the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC) at near 103 GeV. We show that lower-energy (≲10 GeV) gamma rays are primarily produced in the network elements and higher-energy (≳few × 10 GeV) gamma rays in the intergranular sheets. Notably, the spectrum softening observed by HAWC results from the limited effectiveness of capturing and reflecting ∼104 GeV cosmic rays by the finite-sized intergranular sheets. Our study is important for understanding cosmic-ray transport in the solar atmosphere and will lead to insights into small-scale magnetic fields at the photosphere.
A revision of some species of Souvanna Breuning, 1963, Mispila Pascoe, 1864, and Athylia Pascoe, 1864 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: Huang Gui-Qiang , Weigel Andreas , Chang En-Ming , Zhang Gui-Mei
Published: January 2024

Alidus signatus Pic, 1926 is transferred from Mispila to Souvanna, and Souvanna signata (Pic, 1926), comb. nov. is proposed. The lectotype of Alidus signatus is designated. The following synonyms are proposed: Souvanna signata = Athylia (s. str.) quadristigma (Gressitt, 1940), syn. nov. = Souvanna phoumai Breuning, 1963, syn. nov. = Mispila (Dryusa) coomani Breuning, 1968, syn. nov., Mispila (s. str.) tenuevittata (Pic, 1930) = Mispila (s. str.) assamensis Breuning, 1938, syn. nov. The gender of the holotype of Alidus multilineatus Pic, 1925 is determined. New distributional records for Souvanna signata, Mispila curvilinea Pascoe, 1869, M. subtonkinea Breuning, 1968 and M. tenuevittata are provided.
The q-rung orthopair fuzzy-valued neutrosophic sets: Axiomatic properties, aggregation operators and applications
Authors: Al-Quran Ashraf , Al-Sharqi Faisal , Rahman Atiqe Ur , Rodzi Zahari Md.
Published: January 2024

During the transitional phase spanning from the realm of fuzzy logic to the realm of neutrosophy, a multitude of hybrid models have emerged, each surpassing its predecessor in terms of superiority. Given the pervasive presence of indeterminacy in the world, a higher degree of precision is essential for effectively handling imprecision. Consequently, more sophisticated variants of neutrosophic sets (NSs) have been conceived. The key objective of this paper is to introduce yet another variant of NS, known as the q-rung orthopair fuzzy-valued neutrosophic set (q-ROFVNS). By leveraging the extended spatial range offered by q-ROFS, q-ROFVNS enables a more nuanced representation of indeterminacy and inconsistency. Our endeavor commences with the definitions of q-ROFVNS and q-ROFVN numbers (q-ROFVNNs). Then, we propose several types of score and accuracy functions to facilitate the comparison of q-ROFVNNs. Fundamental operations of q-ROFVNSs and some algebraic operational rules of q-ROFVNNs are also provided with their properties, substantiated by proofs and elucidated through illustrative examples. Drawing upon the operational rules of q-ROFVNNs, the q-ROFVN weighted average operator (q-ROFVNWAO) and q-ROFVN weighted geometric operator (q-ROFVNWGO) are proposed. Notably, we present the properties of these operators, including idempotency, boundedness and monotonicity. Furthermore, we emphasize the applicability and significance of the q-ROFVN operators, substantiating their utility through an algorithm and a numerical application. To further validate and evaluate the proposed model, we conduct a comparative analysis, examining its accuracy and performance in relation to existing models.
Shifting Discourse of Digital Entertainment in COVID-19
Authors: Suganya C. , Vijayakumar M.
Published: January 2024

The advancement in Internet technology tremendously improves the quality of human lives, especially during and post Covid-19. Covid-19 has challenged all aspects of lives around the globe, and people avail everything by being at home, as the way consume media and entertainment has changed. The adversity of the pandemic impedes people in the four walls settings, propelling the OTT medium to reach rocket profit for its original and dynamic content, unlimited access and round-the-clock (24/7) service. The demand for quality content compels OTT platforms to devise novel strategies to attract consumers' demands in the competitive entertainment industry. This chapter investigates the revolution of OTT in the media and entertainment industry, its diverse contents, viewers' consumption patterns, freemium plans and revenue, the growth of OTT with the effect of Covid-19, and its comparison with conventional cinema to understand whether the OTT platforms supersede the most popular conventional medium of entertainment i.e., cinema theatre.
The OTT Syndrome
Authors: Sharma Aditi Singh
Published: January 2024

OTT platform and binge-watching are the new buzzwords. Web series engage people through enticing stories and dramas. Content creators produce programs for binge-watchers. Human curiosity and the quest for instant gratification led to people watching episodes back-to-back. It is creating massive psycho-social impact. The effect can be seen mostly amongst the youth. Insomnia and eye disorders are the immediate side-effects. Long hours of isolation are creating loneliness, leading to myriad mental health issues. Students' academic performance is affected. Employers are reporting poor work performance by employees. The entire fabric of the family is getting stretched. Children are at great risk of getting exposed to things at an inappropriate age. The incidence of crimes inspired by the OTT content are being reported. Several studies and research are pointing towards severe detrimental consequences. There is an urgent need to address these issues. It is appropriate to term it OTT Syndrome.
Adapting Teaching and Learning in Higher Education Using Explainable Student Agency Analytics
Authors: Heilala Ville , Jääskelä Päivikki , Saarela Mirka , Kärkkäinen Tommi
Published: January 2024

This chapter deals with the learning analytics technique called student agency analytics and explores its foundational technologies and their potential implications for adaptive teaching and learning. Student agency is vital to consider as it can empower students to take control of their learning, fostering autonomy, meaningful experiences, and improved educational outcomes. Beginning with an overview of the technique, its underlying educational foundations, and analytical approaches, the chapter demonstrates the synergy between computational psychometrics, learning analytics, and educational sciences. Considering adaptive artificial intelligence in the context of adaptive learning and teaching, the chapter underscores the potential of these approaches in education. The chapter serves as a brief guide for educators, researchers, and stakeholders interested in the convergence of AI and education.
Phase Unwrapping Method Using Adaptive AI Model for the Application of Industrialization and Precision Metrology Field
Authors: Zhao Zhuo , Li Bing , Geng Leqi , Lu Jiasheng , Li Qiuying , Peng Tao , Wang Zheng
Published: January 2024

Phase unwrapping method based on Residual Auto Encoder Network is proposed in this chapter. Phase unwrapping is regarded as a multiple classification problem, and it will be solved by the trained network model. Through training and validation stages, optimal network models can be served as predictors of wrap count distribution map of wrapped phase. Then merge the wrapped phase and count together to complete unwrapping. Software simulation and hardware acquisition are the sources of training dataset. To further improve accuracy of unwrapping, image analysis-based optimization method is designed that can remove misclassification and noise points in initial result. In addition, phase data stitching by Iterative Closest Point is adopted to realize dynamic resolution and enhance the flexibility of method. Point diffraction interferometer and multi-step phase extraction technique is the foundation of proposed method. It can be concluded from experiments that the proposed method is superior to state-of-art ones in accuracy, time efficiency, anti-noise ability, and flexibility.
Reinventing Customer Support
Authors: Babu C. V. Suresh , Moses C.
Published: January 2024

This chapter explores the integration of ChatGPT and AI for customer engagement, emphasizing its transformative potential. It begins by introducing the theme and the significance of ChatGPT in revolutionizing customer service through AI advancements. Subsequently, it delves into practical applications, discussing how ChatGPT understands and addresses customer inquiries effectively, automates routine tasks, and offers personalized assistance. Ethical considerations in AI implementation are also addressed. Real-world case studies demonstrate successful ChatGPT implementations, offering insights and best practices for maximizing customer engagement. The chapter concludes by envisioning the future of AI-powered customer support, highlighting the importance of a balanced integration of AI and human agents for sustainable customer experiences and business growth.
Revolutionizing the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Singh Vipin , Singh Amrik
Published: January 2024

The hospitality industry is experiencing a paradigm shift with the integration of cutting-edge technologies, and one such innovation is chatGPT (generative pre-trained transformer). This book chapter examines how chatGPT can revolutionize the hospitality industry and empower aspiring hoteliers. Through the use of chatGPT, hotels may provide 24/7 support to visitors by answering questions, making recommendations for nearby attractions, and expediting reservation requests. The virtual assistant's capacity to comprehend natural language and respond to it improves visitor experiences and develops a sense of comfort and happiness. Additionally, ChatGPT helps hoteliers acquire insightful data from customer conversations, enabling data-driven decision-making and customized service offers. As a result of the language model's capacity to perceive and interpret sentiment, future problems can be identified, allowing hoteliers to proactively resolve guest concerns and guarantee visitor loyalty.
Design of a Sensor-Based Door Opening and Closing System Using Arduino for Women's Safety
Authors: Chaurasia Suhashini Awadhesh , Chaurasia Sumukh Awadhesh , Kaur Gagandeep , Shobhane Purushottam , Agrawal Poorva , Bhende Deepali O.
Published: January 2024

Everyday technological advancement and expansion make safety more and more crucial across all fields. Everybody wants a private space that only they can access, so one must secure the room, office, locker, and other space that protect the priceless jewelry, documents, and accessories. To that end, the chapter has created a knocking sensor-based door lock system by using Arduino. A sensor-based door opening and closing system has been designed to enable the opening and closing of the door. A project on Arduino UNO has been made to detect the knocking at door. Depending on the number and time interval of knocks, the sensor detects, and a signal is generated which lights the LED and displays information on LCD. The system is designed to provide the safety of a person. The future scope of the design is to implement it with IoT-enabled devices.
Exploring Girls' Safety in Pollachi College Campuses
Authors: Ajay A. , Chithirai Selvan M. , Rajasekaran D.
Published: January 2024

This chapter focuses on the urgent issue of improving the safety of female students on college campuses in Pollachi, a region marked by unique socio-cultural dynamics. The study aims to explore the various factors contributing to the safety concerns of female students and emphasizes the immediate need to bridge this awareness gap. The study is to establish an environment that not only accepts but also demonstrates the effectiveness of AI-driven safety solutions in protecting the well-being of college students. Combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, a mixed-methods research design will delve into the relationship between AI-based safety measures and socio-cultural dynamics on Pollachi college campuses. The survey is conducted using a questionnaire with 122 samples from various colleges in Pollachi. With this research, it is possible to gain insights into the levels of awareness, socio-cultural influences, acceptance, and effectiveness of AI safety measures among female students.