bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting Postoperative Delirium Using Intraoperative Neuromonitoring in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy for Aneurysm Clipping Surgery
Authors: Al-Qudah Abdullah M. , Alkalbani Leen , Tallapaneni Pooja S. , Vinuthna Diti Vinuthna , Suresh Varshapriya , Anetakis Katherine M. , Crammond Donald , Balzer Jeffrey , Shandal Varun , Visweswaran Shyam , Subramaniam Kathirvel , Sadhasivam Senthilkumar , Thirumala Parthasarathy
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Postoperative delirium (POD) that is associated with intracranial surgeries can have several adverse outcomes, including a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The use of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) via somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and electroencephalography (EEG) provides continuous information regarding cerebral blood flow (CBF) during aneurysm clipping. In this study, we hypothesize that CBF changes during aneurysm clipping increase the risk of POD. We aimed to demonstrate that significant changes in IONM data during surgery increase the risk of POD after adjusting for clinical and intraoperative factors.

Methods: 470 patients undergoing craniotomy for aneurysm clipping surgery with IONM were retrospectively reviewed for the development of POD. Significant IONM changes were evaluated based on a visual review of EEG and SSEP data and documentation of significant changes during surgery. Data changes during IONM were classified as SSEP changes, EEG changes, or IONM changes (SSEP and/or EEG changes).

Results: Of the 470 patients who underwent aneurysm clipping, 115 (24.5%) had POD and 35 (30.4%) had IONM changes. IONM and SSEP changes were significantly associated with POD (P< 0.001). After adjusting for confounding variables, IONM and SSEP changes were significantly associated with POD (OR 2.4 (CI 1.40-4.17); P=0.002, OR 2.49 (CI 1.39-4.45); P = 0.002, respectively). We also found that the odds of POD were higher in patients with ruptured aneurysms, and in patients who developed focal neurological deficits post-operatively (OR 2.76,1.72-4.42; P< 0.001, OR 2.11,1.02-4.36, P=0.04, respectively).

Conclusion: Patients who develop POD after craniotomy for aneurysm clipping surgery are twice as likely to have experienced significant IONM or SSEP changes during the surgery. Patients with ruptured aneurysms and who develop post-operative focal neurological deficits are also more than twice as likely to develop POD. These findings provide a strong platform for future research in testing therapeutic interventions based on IONM changes, which aim to decrease the risk of POD after aneurysm clipping surgeries.
Exceptional Response of Therapy-resistant SF3B1 Mutant Conjunctival Melanoma to Nivolumab/LAG3 Inhibitor Relatlimab Combination Therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Nuñez Fernando M. , Gomez Salvador , Cho Raymond , Kuennen Rebecca , Cebulla Colleen M. , Wu Richard C.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Patients with conjunctival melanoma face high rates of recurrence and metastasis, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Previous reports have shown successful responses to either anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, or combination therapy for metastatic conjunctival melanoma. However, effective new treatments are needed due to inadequate disease response or adverse effects to therapy. Case Presentation: A 43-year-old male was diagnosed with right eye conjunctival melanoma and underwent resection. The melanoma was confirmed in the right lower conjunctiva, eyelid, and the right inferior parotid lymph node was positive for SF3B1 mutation positive metastatic melanoma. The patient was started on nivolumab monotherapy, but developed local and systemic recurrence. Subsequent treatment with combination ipilimumab and nivolumab combination therapy had to be discontinued shortly after due to colitis. Nivolumab/relatlimab combination therapy was initiated and resulted in an exceptional response, leading to regression of the conjunctival melanoma, shrinkage of metastatic lymph nodes, and stabilization of lung disease. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case demonstrating nivolumab/relatlimab efficacy in treating therapy-resistant conjunctival melanoma after failing nivolumab single-therapy.
Liquid Biopsy in early breast cancer
Will minimal residual disease monitoring be part of routine surveillance?
Authors: Pfister Kerstin , Schäffler Henning , Huesmann Sophia , Heublein Sabine , Braun Tatjana , Lukac Stefan , Veselinovic Kristina , Mergel Franziska , Friedl Thomas W. P. , Rack Brigitte , Janni Wolfgang , Fink Angelina
Published: February 2025

Background: Current breast cancer (BC) surveillance is limited to the detection of local, locoregional or contralateral recurrence. This is based on two outdated studies from the 1990s and ignores current evidence on liquid biopsies, particularly circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA).
Summary: ctDNA has been shown to be a reliable prognostic biomarker in early BC surveillance. It can be detected using a tumor-informed or a tumor-agnostic approach. However, conclusive evidence for a survival benefit from ctDNA-guided follow-up, as needed for a paradigm shift in BC surveillance, is still lacking.
According to current studies, the lead time, i.e. the time from biomarker detection to clinically overt relapse, can be up to several months. This stage of MRD (minimal or molecular residual disease) offers a new therapeutic window, and, currently, several studies are evaluating the efficacy of treatments initiated within this therapeutic window, based on a positive biomarker finding. Liquid biopsy might also open up the possibility of de-escalating therapy in patients with a negative biomarker result.
The Language of Remembering, by Patrick Holloway
Authors: Bolfarine Mariana
Published: February 2025

Holloway, Patrick. The Language of Remembering. Brighton: Epoque Press, 2025. 240 pp.
Trauma and Memory in Sebastian Barry’s Old God’s Time
Authors: Abrantes Elisa
Published: February 2025

Este artigo explora o  romance de Sebastian Barry, Old God's Time (2023), utilizando uma abordagem dos Estudos sobre o Trauma (Caruth, 1995; Alexander, 2004; Balaev, 2014) e baseando-se nos conceitos de Ficção de Trauma articulados por Anne Whitehead (2004). O artigo tem por objetivo  examinar a representação de traumas culturais individuais e coletivos no romance, com foco  na representação das consequências duradouras do abuso infantil nas instituições religiosas da Irlanda. A narrativa é focalizada na perspectiva de um narrador não confiável, entrelaçando histórias pessoais com implicações sociais mais amplas, iluminando assim os efeitos profundos da violência e do abuso que reverberam ao longo dos anos e das gerações. Ao situar o romance dentro do quadro teórico dos Estudos sobre o Trauma, é possível analisar os mecanismos pelos quais o trauma é transmitido na ficção, enfatizando a interação entre memória, testemunho e estrutura narrativa. A análise se estende às características da ficção do trauma, mostrando como a obra de Barry se alinha e contribui para este gênero contemporâneo.
Phantasms as Signposts of the Invisible: Yeats’s Mask Theory Revisited
Authors: Schwall Hedwig
Published: February 2025

Yeats frequentemente enfatiza a importância vital da imagem “única” que ajuda a pessoa a separar as “circunstâncias sem sentido” de suas verdadeiras paixões. Como a definição do poeta dessa “imagem secreta e vitalícia” surpreendentemente se encaixa no estudo de Agamben sobre o fantasma, este artigo explora como esse fenômeno psicológico funciona nos escritos do poeta. Partindo da ideia de Lacan de que o assim chamado indivíduo é uma interação entre o Outro inconsciente, o eu dividido ou social, os outros (pessoas e objetos na vida de uma pessoa) e o eu interior, esta contribuição analisa dez poemas-chave nos quais o fantasma forma uma ponte entre os mundos interior e exterior, entre os aspectos visíveis e invisíveis do corpo. Uma forma especial de fantasma é a imagem do corpo na qual Paul Schilder situa as comunicações libidinais, que, por sua vez, são retomadas na ideia de “a carne” de Merleau-Ponty. Como muitos poemas são ambientados em um contexto escolar, Yeats mostra que conflitos pessoais secretos podem ser simultaneamente estudados e cantados.
Relations Between Chile and Ireland: A Story of Four Moments
Authors: Olguín Fabián Bustamante
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this article is to carry out a historical reconstruction of four key moments in the relationship between Chile and Ireland. Basically, it seeks to highlight the Irish contribution to our country in three fundamental fields: political, military, economic and religious. This article is historical in nature and aims to highlight Irish contributions through four key historical moments, which, according to the author, are the most interesting and revealing within this relationship. The methodology used is secondary sources under the selection criterion if they mention Irish people and their descendants in the history of Chile.
Walking the Line: Bronze and Iron Age as Terms in Middle Nile Valley Archaeology?
Authors: Näser Claudia
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the justifiability, usefulness and appropriateness of employing the terms ‘Bronze Age’ and ‘Iron Age’ in the context of Middle Nile valley archaeology. It argues that the reluctance to use these terms is linked to the disciplinary isolation of Egyptian archaeology and the singularization of ancient Egypt, and by extension the Middle Nile valley, in the disciplinary discourse of the past two hundred years. It further argues that while we cannot step out of this history, a critical debate, and emerging from this an emancipatory use of the terminology, is the best way forward. Based on a case study from Mograt Island, the paper suggests that using macro level ‘epochal’ terms such as ‘Bronze Age’ and ‘Iron Age’ actually supports the engagement with micro level dynamics, local variability, agency and multidimensional interactions, as it allows to break up the illusory unity and reach of intermediate level entities such as ‘Kerma culture’ which have come to dominate archaeological interpretations in the past sixty years when enquiries were focussed on this level and the key sites which were taken to represent it.
Bronze Age as a Term in Northeast African Archaeology? A Plea for Regional Chronologies
Authors: Jesse Friederike
Published: February 2025

The paper discusses the relevance of the term ‘Bronze Age’ as a chronological term in Northeast Africa by taking a closer look at definitions and the presence of bronze objects especially in Nubia. As chronological classification very much depends on the area under consideration, the use of regional chronologies is proposed.
Replacing “Ethnicity” with Investigations of More Specific Identities in the Ancient Nile Valley
Authors: Liszka Kate
Published: February 2025

Egyptologists have long asked what ethnic group something belongs to or what ethnicity someone in the past belonged to. This paper argues that seeking ethnicity in the past is not helpful for understanding the complexities and nuances of ancient social interactions and history. Instead, this paper advocates for scholars to seek the answer to more specific questions about ancient peoples. By seeking specific questions about nuanced aspects of identity, we can understand the complexities of ancient peoples, their choices, and their interactions. This paper demonstrates the problems that arise when we only seek the answer to questions about ancient ethnicity. It acts as a guide to scholars willing to advance towards nuance in their questioning by looking at examples from art, archaeology, and texts.
De-Constructing the Pan-Grave Horizon: A Community-based Approach
Authors: de Souza Aaron M.
Published: February 2025

This article applies Communities of Practice as a framework for understanding the broad variation observable in the archaeological record of the so-called ‘Pan-Grave horizon’. The discussion begins with an overview of key practices and object types diagnostic (or at least characteristic) for the Pan-Grave horizon. This is followed by a comparative study of two pairs of sites, one at Hierakonpolis in Upper Egypt, the other at Debeira East in Lower Nubia. Chronology, mobility, physical environment, and inter-community contact and exchange are explored as underlying factors behind the variation between the sites. Using Communities of Practice, it is proposed that the Pan-Grave horizon might instead be viewed as a ‘culture of communities,’ defined here as a system of distinct social communities that are united by a shared set of cultural practices that vary from one situation to another, and eventually become archaeologically manifest in different ways.
Inosperma pakistanicum sp. nov. (Inocybaceae, Agaricales) from Swat, Pakistan
Authors: SANA  , KIRAN MUNAZZA , ALI WAJID
Published: February 2025

Inosperma pakistanicum is described as a new species from the Swat District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Morphological data and molecular phylogenetic analyses based on nrITS and nLSU sequences supported the fact that the species is a unique new species. Inosperma pakistanicum is characterized by campanulate to subumbonate and orange to bright brown pileus, subventricose and vivid purple to vivid reddish orange lamellae, abruptly bulbous and white to dark reddish brown stipe, broadly ellipsoid to elongate, smooth basidiospores (on average 9.79 × 6.60 μm), clavate basidia, narrowly utriform, few with median constriction cheilocystidia, oblong pileocystidia and absence of pleurocystidia and caulocystidia. The new species’ description, illustrations, phylogenetic analysis results, and comparison with closely related taxa are provided. A key to the Pakistan Inosperma species is also provided.
Lantana calcicola: a new and threatened Verbenaceae species from Lajedão, a limestone outcrop in northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil
Authors: CARDOSO PEDRO HENRIQUE , SILVA GABRIEL BARROS DA , MELO PABLO HENDRIGO ALVES DE , SALIMENA FÁTIMA REGINA GONÇALVES , SILVA TÂNIA REGINA DOS SANTOS
Published: February 2025

A comprehensive analysis of Lantaneae specimens from Brazil has unveiled a new species with fleshy fruits, belonging to Lantana (a non-monophyletic genus). Named Lantana calcicola, this species was discovered in northern Minas Gerais state, within the Caatinga domain, growing on an open karst formation in the municipality of Matias Cardoso, locally referred to as Lajedão. The new species is a subshrub, with unarmed branches, conspicuously petiolate leaves, narrowly lanceolate to linear bracts, white corollas, and conspicuous fleshy fruits. A detailed description, illustrations, comparisons with morphologically similar and sympatric species, plus a geographic distribution map are provided. Based on the IUCN criteria, this species can be currently assessed as Critically Endangered (CR). Notably, this is the second Verbenaceae species recently described from Lajedão, highlighting the critical importance of conserving this unique and floristically important ecosystem.
8. The environmental impacts of fieldwork
Authors: Lane Stuart
Published: February 2025

All too often we overlook the environmental impacts of the research that we do, somewhat unfortunate when environmental damage is motivating what we do. Here I introduce a basic framework for evaluating the environmental impacts of fieldwork based upon 4 Rs; Replace; Refine; Reduce and Reflect. These are not designed to stop environmental fieldwork from happening but as with the 3R approach in animal research are designed to allow us to minimize those impacts to those which cannot be avoided. I argue that crucial in this process is reflection because minimizing the impacts of environmental research will require trade-offs, and these are not simply concerned with the environment but also wider questions regarding the sustainability of our research activities more generally.
16. Using mixed methods to confront disparities in public health interventions in urban community gardens
Authors: Malone Melanie
Published: February 2025

This chapter details a mixed methods approach to investigate how contaminant concentrations of heavy metals, petroleum products, and the herbicide glyphosate impact urban community gardeners and farmers in and near Seattle, Washington. Using a mixture of soil and plant sampling, interviews, surveys, informal conversations, and advocacy, the study revealed that many pathways of exposure to contaminants are often overlooked. The study also examined how traditional risk assessment has not served communities being impacted by contamination in urban community gardens, particularly those from marginalized communities. Using an environmental justice framework, the chapter further elaborates on how politics, subjectivity, and environmental racism all shape risk assessment. Finally, the chapter offers suggestions for better ways to analyse risk, harm, and exposure in urban community gardens, and for reciprocal research that benefits community partners.
17. Space and place in participatory arts-based research
Authors: Arce-Nazario Javier
Published: February 2025

This chapter introduces some challenges of mixing arts-based participatory approaches with remote sensing and quantitative landscape change analysis and explores how they can be reshaped by the places where research encounters take place. Examples drawn from the author’s research on land use and island landscapes demonstrate how attention to space and place can be approached within research design and dissemination, allowing participants and researchers to contribute more effectively to uncovering and understanding remotely sensed and artistically produced data. Based on these examples, the chapter suggests strategies for approaching careful consideration of space as a method and as an invitation to explore critical perspectives on landscape science.
20. Mixing geoarchaeology, geohistory and ethnology to reconstruct landscape changes on the longue durée
Authors: Blond Ninon
Published: February 2025

This chapter uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative social and biophysical methods to characterise socio-environmental changes over the Holocene. Based on a regressive approach, this work gathers data with varying granularity, precision and resolution from sources that are as different as radiocarbon dating, sediment analyses, travellers' accounts, aerial photographs and interviews with contemporary populations. Borrowing methods from geomorphology, palaeoenvironments, palaeoclimatology and geohistory, ethnology, and human geography leads to a holistic and systemic approach, considering all aspects of an issue to leave as few grey areas as possible. There are challenges to this approach, the biggest being to assemble diverse data and produce a coherent discourse on environmental history. To illustrate the “recipe” of this approach, its replicability and limits, the chapter focuses on two study sites (Ethiopia and Greece), while also pointing to some particularities of sites in Egypt, Sudan and Oman.
24. Case studies
Authors: Lane Stuart
Published: February 2025

Case-study research commonly engages intensively with particular places to reveal what is producing, how they work, rather than how frequent they are. As they focus on the “local” they pose the challenge of separating out the detail from more general findings. However, the criticism of their detailed nature overlooks the fact that a case-study is just one means of reducing the scope of a question to a manageable format. Known as closure, other researchers (e.g. in the laboratory) do this in different ways. Case-studies are commonly a geographical form of closure. We note that case-studies are particularly important because they can yield explanation, and so avoid the problems of more extensive research (e.g. statistical research) where the number of times something happens does not necessarily tell you why something happens.
29. Historical ecology
Authors: Davis Diana K.
Published: February 2025

Historical ecology utilizes many diverse, interdisciplinary methods and is deployed most often by researchers in ecology, anthropology, geography, and environmental history to analyse environmental change over time, frequently to determine baselines for guiding environmental conservation and restoration projects. At its best, such research triangulates among several data sets (e.g., archival, published, paleoecological, biophysical, etc.) to arrive at the most accurate representation of long-term environmental change with the least bias. Researchers attentive to the common problems of (neo)colonial environmental discourses that can be false or misleading are well placed to conduct research that will result in the most sustainable ecological outcomes as well as supporting social justice and growing efforts at decolonization.
32. Interviews
Authors: Johnston Lynda , Longhurst Robyn
Published: February 2025

Interviews are one of the most used qualitative research methods for geographers. The interviewer asks questions in order to gather information, opinions and / or beliefs from interviewees. Interviewing requires careful preparation a list of predetermined questions, themes and conversation prompts.
45. Uncrewed airborne systems
Authors: Kasvi Elina
Published: February 2025

Uncrewed airborne systems (UAS) have become valuable tools for environmental research. They can be equipped with a variety of sensors, such as cameras and laser scanners, allowing researchers to perform low-cost close-range remote sensing surveys rapidly, accurately and relatively cost-efficiently. Effective and safe use of UAS requires specialized expertise in sensor operation, data analysis, and the regulatory frameworks, which may vary considerably depending on the country and region.
Selection and Optimization of a Machine Learning Algorithm for Antarctic Blowing Snow Diagnosis Using MERRA-2 Reanalysis
Authors: Bhatta Surendra , Yang Yuekui
Published: February 2025

Accurate identification of blowing snow (BLSN) is crucial for studying Antarctic surface mass balance (SMB). Previous research has demonstrated the potential of diagnosing BLSN properties using Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Application, version 2 (MERRA-2), meteorological parameters. The goal of this study is to develop a machine learning model that is best suited for operational production of Antarctic BLSN occurrence diagnosis. To achieve this objective, the comprehensive framework begins by training with BLSN observations from CALIPSO. The optimal input features, consisting of 21 meteorological parameters from the MERRA-2 reanalysis, are then selected through a feature selection process. Second, a comparison of five machine learning algorithms reveals that the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm outperforms others, leading to its selection for model development. Third, extensive tests validate BLSN diagnoses, achieving best performance with individual monthly models. The results show that the monthly models, trained with XGBoost and 21 selected MERRA-2 parameters by aggregating data over a decade for each month spanning 2007–16, are well suited for long-term Antarctic BLSN diagnosis. This enables the generation of hourly, grid-based MERRA-2-BLSN data from 1980 to the present. The model’s robustness is demonstrated by training it on data excluding 2009 and then successfully diagnosing BLSN for 2009. Even for the challenging winter to summer transition month of October, the model achieved ∼92% accuracy and an F1 score of ∼73%. Results are even better in the winter months, from April to September. Moreover, the models’ explainability is showcased through the utilization of Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) values and local interpretable model-agnostic explanation (LIME) analysis.
Educating the educated: Embracing respectful responsibility
Authors: Kickett-Tucker Cheryl , Dodd Jennifer , Coffin Juli , Johnson Debra , Cross Donna , Karangaroa Sophie
Published: February 2025

The Moombaki (where the river meets the sky) study hypothesises that increasing the knowledge and pride that Aboriginal children have of their identity will contribute positively toward their education, health and well-being outcomes. Through research yarning circles conducted at three urban primary schools in Boorloo (Perth), Aboriginal educators (Aboriginal and Islander Education Officers [AIEOs] and teachers) described how to respond to Aboriginal students’ needs in school environments. These included culturally safe environments for the provision of culturally responsive education. Forty-five non-Aboriginal teachers and school leaders (Principals and Vice-Principals) also participated. The article prioritises the voices of the Aboriginal educators and discusses the findings in relation to their lived experiences of working with non-Aboriginal educators. The findings show that AIEOs repeatedly manage the resistance and reluctance of non-Aboriginal educators to meaningfully collaborate in culturally safe and responsive ways. The findings also show the potential for non-Aboriginal staff to work alongside Aboriginal educators.
Dynamic consensus control of linear multi-agent systems: Unmanned ground vehicle platooning
Authors: Rajasekharan Resmi , Vincent Anugraha , Jacob Chinnu , Stoian Gabriel , Danciulescu Daniela , Hemanth Duraisamy Jude
Published: February 2025

This article presents the dynamic consensus control framework for linear multi-agent systems (MAS) using Distributed Model Predictive Control (DMPC) as the primary strategy to achieve both static and dynamic consensus in vehicle platoons. The proposed approach incorporates state and control constraints to ensure feasible and safe operations within desired limits, making it particularly suitable for practical applications in coordinated vehicle control. By employing MPC, the system anticipates future states, enabling predictive adjustments that enhance overall system stability and consensus accuracy. Theoretical analysis establishes the conditions under which consensus is achieved, while MATLAB simulations validate the effectiveness of the control scheme in managing the desired platoon behaviors under various dynamic scenarios. The results demonstrate that the MPC-based approach successfully achieves consensus among agents, providing robust performance despite the inherent system constraints. Comparison of the characteristics with existing control schemes demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed DMPC design, while maintaining comparable performance.
What Makes Iconic Pitch Associations “Natural”: The Effect of Age on Affective Meanings of Uptalk and Creak
Authors: Calhoun Sasha , White Hannah
Published: February 2025

While the field of sociophonetics generally views social meanings of linguistic features as indexical and socially constructed, prosodic features have long been argued to have supposedly natural, iconic, universal associations, according to “biological codes,” for example, the frequency code that links high versus low pitch with small versus large body size, female versus male gender (via sexual dimorphism), and hence, affective meanings like uncertainty versus confidence. This study looks at affective meanings of two features of New Zealand English associated with opposing pitch extremes: Uptalk with high pitch and creaky voice with low. In a matched-guise experiment, listeners of different ages were asked to rate short speech samples from young women containing uptalk and creaky voice on a series of affective meaning scales. Results showed that while uptalk was rated more negatively overall, ratings largely aligned with predicted iconic associations of pitch for each scale. However, there were differences by listener age, especially for creak. We argue these results show that the availability of iconic associations of pitch depends on social factors such as the listeners’ beliefs and experience, such as group differences related to age, which affect the seeming naturalness of a given iconic link.
Gender, Empowerment, and Performance in U.S. Federal Agencies: The Role of Women’s Leadership Representation
Authors: Lee Sang Eun
Published: February 2025

Using data from the 2019 Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey (FEVS) and FedScope administered by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM), this study explores the relationship between gender, employee empowerment, and organizational performance in the public sector, with a focus on how this relationship is affected by women’s representation in leadership. The results show that women experience higher levels of psychological empowerment than men, which has a positive impact on organizational performance. However, in organizations with lower representation of women in leadership roles, while women continue to experience higher psychological empowerment, they report lower levels of managerial empowerment than men, which is associated with reduced organizational performance. This research underscores the importance of promoting representative bureaucracies in public organizations to increase diversity, support democratic governance, and contribute to more equitable and inclusive societies.
Platforms as laboratories of the social: How digital capitalism matters for computational social research in North America
Authors: Ak Onurhan
Published: February 2025

The contemporary prevalence of artificial intelligence and machine learning methods has resulted in a rich literature on the factors that shape computational research. This article draws on the laboratory studies literature to examine how platforms’ socio-technical infrastructures shape contemporary computational social science research. Based on 18 months of online ethnography of a university laboratory and 15 in-depth interviews with its researchers, the article makes two main arguments. First, for computational social sciences, platforms function as laboratories where the social is selectively carved and transformed, to make it knowable with computational methods. Thus, it makes the case that platforms manufacture the objects of analysis in computational social research and provide the social as a domain. Second, because of the significance of social media platforms as data laboratories for computational research, in contrast to the claims of data sciences to be domainless, these sciences may derive some of their epistemological and occupational power, as well as their cultural authority, from digital capitalism.
Analytical and numerical analysis of load distribution in a thin walled flexible race ball bearing
Authors: Verma Apoorva , Sahoo Vineet
Published: February 2025

Flexible race ball bearings (FRB) are generally used in power transmitting for precision drives. The flexion of the FRB provides deformation even at no load condition in case of precision drive. FRB design allows for accurate and smooth movement where low loads, low speed, precise degrees of rotation are necessary, and are mainly used for radial loads. The present research aims to map the load distribution between balls in flexible race bearings by considering the contact deformations at each contact point and the thin walled race deformation. Furthermore, the analysis also shows the effect of race thickness of the bearing on the developed radial stress, deformation and flexibility. Given that all components of the bearing are designed to be elastic, the study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of these effects. For this purpose, a closed form analytical method is considered assuming a mechanics of solids approach. A 2D numerical model is used to analyze the deformation of the bearing under an applied radial load. A comparative study between analytical and numerical analysis is conducted to provide insight in to the optimal race thickness for minimizing stress and enhancing bearing flexibility and performance. The results of contact forces show the maximum value at 0th ball position are 40.20 and 41.93 N, corresponding to maximum radial deformations of 0.0204 and 0.0189 mm respectively. While showing the effect of flexibility on radial stress, the maximum radial deformation of 0.0207 mm and a radial stress of 182.97 MPa for race thickness of 1.651 mm without failure with static loading is observed. Consequently, the design shows the influence of race thickness when race flexibility is functional, in order to calculate maximum bearing deformation without failure. This study shows an improvement in radial load carrying capacity of flexible race thin walled ball bearing.
EXPRESS: How Voluntary Simplicity Evokes Resilience in Times of Crisis
Authors: Hoffmann Stefan , Balderjahn Ingo , Reimers Felix
Published: February 2025

Forced consumption restrictions during crises cause stress symptoms for many consumers and, as a result, have a detrimental impact on their life satisfaction. This paper examines whether consumers practicing certain sufficiency styles react more resiliently than others to the adverse purchasing conditions during crises. The analysis is based on a unique data set of more than 8,600 consumers, with the data collected over the course of four large-scale surveys between 2020 and 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper demonstrates how the consciousness of voluntary simplicity can mitigate the adverse psychological impacts of high peaks in forced consumption restrictions. The mixed-methods approach also includes the analysis of two qualitative follow-up studies containing answers of 19 voluntary simplifiers and 37 policymakers. These studies shed light on why the consciousness of voluntary simplicity is beneficial in times of limited consumer options and help derive policy implications. Our findings suggest that policymakers should not solely rely on behavioral prohibitions in crisis-related shortage situations, but should instead place more emphasis on promoting the self-responsibility and self-determination of citizens.
Dynamic quantitative measurement of ice density by ultrasonic pulse echo
Authors: Wang Yan , Wang Yuan , Zhang Yang , Wu Dawei , Zhu Chengxiang , Zhu Chunling , Lu Xiyun
Published: February 2025

Density is an important parameter for characterizing the type of ice and has a significant impact on the accuracy of icing detection and energy consumption of anti-icing. However, the existing techniques cannot quantitatively measure the ice density without disrupting the icing process. In this study, a novel approach for dynamically quantitatively measuring ice density is proposed. Ultrasonic pulse echo (UPE) technique was used to measure the ice thickness and density during the icing process. The correlation between the ice density and ultrasonic attenuation was established through numerical simulation. Subsequently, experiments were conducted in an icing wind tunnel (IWT) to measure the ice thickness and density. The findings indicated that the ice thickness ranges at temperatures of −5°C and −8°C were 0.36∼5.68 mm and 0.34∼4.81 mm, respectively. The densities of the ice were measured at 894.55 kg/m3 and 881.45 kg/m3 respectively, with a maximum absolute error of 4.4 kg/m3 compared with the ice density measured by microscope. The results showed that the dynamic quantitative measurement of ice density utilizing UPE technique is feasible. This methodology offers a novel avenue for measuring ice density in atmospheric icing phenomena.
Vibration and acoustic characteristics of novel auxetic honeycomb sandwich panels with polyurea-metal laminate face sheets
Authors: Li Chunjin , Zhu Jiamei , Guo Junlan , He Qiang
Published: February 2025

A honeycomb core design that embeds a rhombic honeycomb into a re-entrant honeycomb was proposed. A novel auxetic honeycomb sandwich panel (NAHSP) with a polyurea-metal laminated panel was developed to enhance the vibroacoustic performance. A numerical model of the NAHSP with polyurea-metal laminated (PML) faceplates was established and validated using ABAQUS software. Numerical simulations were used to analyze the vibration and acoustic responses of the NAHSPs in four different configurations. The results indicate that the PML faceplates and the honeycomb geometry effectively reduce vibration and suppress noise. The symmetrical PML-A faceplate structure outperforms the asymmetrical structure in vibration damping and sound insulation. The peak of the frequency/time response curve of the NAHSP decreases the most by 6 mm polyurea thickness, with an average sound insulation improvement of 9.4%. The honeycomb geometry with a tilt angle of −45° exhibits the best vibroacoustic performance for the NAHSP.
Tennis and accelerated culture: Post-athlete as a media performer
Authors: Psaltidis Nico
Published: February 2025

The article presents research around the mediatisation of sports through the lens of production and consumption of tennis media. Contemporary accelerated culture pushes for the proliferation of digital media technologies and reshapes cultural practices for audiences, institutions, and athletes alike. The rise of prosumer media and user-generated content (UGC), exemplified by platforms like YouTube, has challenged traditional media narratives. It has reoriented discourses around authenticity, and framed tennis as a sped-up, gamified, accessible entertainment by-product in the digital age. While elite athletes gain global media stardom, aspiring professionals and semi-professional athletes balance their careers by attempting to become notable content creators and producers in this new media ecosystem. The concept of the ‘post-athlete’ connects to reflexive modes of existence, where athletes navigate the political economy of sports media through the interplay of athletic labour, digital media labour, and lifestyle. My study focuses on this emerging athlete prototype, for whom media labour influences career success as much as on-field sporting performance does.
Legal information extraction and classification using BERT, Bi-LSTM, and CRF models
Authors: Li Jingwei
Published: February 2025

This article combined BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers), Bi-LSTM (Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory), and CRF (Conditional Random Field) models to transform unstructured legal text into structured data through information extraction, improving the effectiveness of legal information extraction. The BERT model can be used for deep semantic embedding of legal texts, generating context-sensitive representations for each word. The Bi-LSTM network can capture long-distance dependencies in the text, extract sequence features, and apply CRF layers to globally optimize sequence labels to ensure accurate annotation of entity boundaries and relationships. In the dataset for extracting legal entity relationships related to prostitution constructed in this article, the accuracy, precision, recall rate, and F1 score of entity classification reached 93.6%, 92.7%, 92.1%, and 92.4%, respectively. All 153 samples in the Engage_in_ prostitution relationship were correctly classified. In order to analyze the stability of legal information extraction and classification, the model proposed by this article was tested on five datasets: CAIL2019, CJRC (Chinese Judicial Reading Comprehension), LexGLUE (Legal General Language Understanding Evaluation), COLIEE (Competition on Legal Information Extraction/Appointment), and ECHR (European Court of Human Rights). The accuracy of the article’s model fluctuated only 1.2% on different datasets, while the precision remained stable and the recall fluctuated by 0.7%. This article provided reliable technical support for legal intelligence research by combining BERT, Bi-LSTM, and CRF to accurately extract and classify legal information.
Adopted or contested? Examining Israel’s strategic narratives in German media
Authors: Plíštilová Tereza , Lizcová Zuzana
Published: February 2025

This article explores the dynamics of adopting and contesting strategic narratives, focusing on how German media received Israel’s narratives during the early stages of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The authors propose that states that maintain ‘special relationships’ should be inclined to adopt their allies’ strategic narratives during crises to stabilize and reinforce their sense of ontological security. Through a qualitative content analysis of leading German newspapers, the study assesses how Israel’s narratives were received and contextualized in Germany. Contrary to the widely held perception of uncritical discourse in German mainstream media, they find significant variation in narrative adoption. Narratives aligned with shared historical trauma, such as Holocaust remembrance and the protection of Jewish minorities, were accepted without contestation while, in contrast, the narratives emphasizing Israel’s democratic character and security concerns required Israel’s proactive international engagement, such as its attempt to mediate the conflict, in order to gain adoption. The study suggests that strategic narratives resonate more effectively when they align with the audience’s ontological security concerns and shared historical experiences. By exploring this case, the article contributes to understanding why states adopt allies’ strategic narratives and highlights the role of historical and relational contexts in shaping foreign policy.
Countering hybrid threats: How NATO must adapt (again) after the war in Ukraine
Authors: Genini Davide
Published: February 2025

After more than 75 years, NATO continues to adapt to an evolving security landscape. Established in the aftermath of World War II, NATO’s original purpose was to counter the threats posed by the Soviet Union. However, following the Cold War’s conclusion in 1991, NATO reinvented itself, expanding its mandate to address hybrid threats from both state and non-state actors. As this paper argues, NATO has made significant strides in responding to hybrid threats. It has developed a dedicated strategy, reformed its structures, increased support to its Allies, and pursued enlargement. Despite these efforts, setbacks remain, which could undermine its deterrence posture. This article aims to understand NATO’s adaptation to hybrid threats and propose a roadmap for the necessary reforms. The 2022 Russian large-scale invasion of Ukraine has transformed hybrid threats from a looming menace into a direct challenge for NATO and its Allies, underscoring the need for further adaptation in the Alliance’s approach.
From embracement to attachment: Registering people on the move and the couplings of noncitizenship and territory
Authors: Trauttmansdorff Paul , Pelizza Annalisa
Published: February 2025

This article analyzes how people on the move encounter registration infrastructures on their journey to Europe. Through the lens of three empirical cases—registration in the Eurodac system, registration in the framework of the European temporary protection directive, and national registration of migrants on Hellenic islands—we explore what we term “noncitizenship-territory couplings.” The article develops the concept of “registration as attachment” to describe how sociotechnical procedures establish relationships between noncitizen subjects, mobility rights, and territorial space. We therefore ask how registration infrastructures couple territory and noncitizenship in Europe in different ways—that is, how such couplings shape the movement of people, enact territories, and endow spatial rights or restrictions. We argue that new and partial couplings of noncitizenship and territory are produced—the “containment coupling,” the “facilitation coupling,” and the “detainment coupling.” Each follows specific registration dynamics, enacts different territorial patterns, and simultaneously shapes migrant mobility and their rights. By situating the article at the intersection of science and technology studies, human geography, and citizenship studies, we wish to contribute to the growing literature on the performative effects of infrastructures in border and migration governance. At the same time, our intervention encourages further analysis of the varied spatialities of states and sovereign power that move beyond current discussions about denationalization and deterritorialization.
Diagnosis and management of comorbid disease in COPD
Authors: Cronin Eleanor , Cushen Breda
Published: February 2025

COPD is one of the most common chronic respiratory conditions and is associated with high healthcare use, morbidity and mortality. Multimorbidity in COPD is common and confers a worse prognosis. Despite this, there is delayed and often under-diagnosis of comorbid diseases in COPD. Knowledge of the respiratory and non-respiratory pathologies that can coexist with COPD is essential to ensure early detection and appropriate management. This review provides an overview of the comorbidities that have been described in COPD. We discuss their pathogenesis, pitfalls in their diagnosis, and strategies for their prevention and treatment.
An Iterative Tuning Method for Feedforward Control of Parallel Manipulators Considering Nonlinear Dynamics
Authors: Wang Xiaojian , Wu Jun
Published: February 2025

Feedforward control is one of the most effective control techniques to increase the robot’s tracking accuracy. However, most of the dynamic models used in the feedforward controllers are linearly simplified such that the nonlinear and time-varying characteristics of dynamics in the workspace are ignored. In this paper, an iterative tuning method for feedforward control of parallel manipulators by taking nonlinear dynamics into account is proposed. Based on the robot rigid-body dynamic model, a feedforward controller considering the dynamic nonlinearity is presented. An iterative tuning method is given to iteratively update the feedforward controller by minimizing the root mean square (RMS) of the joint errors at each cycle. The effectiveness and extrapolation capability of the proposed method are validated through the experiments on a 2-DOF parallel manipulator. This research proposes an iterative tuning method for feedforward control of parallel manipulators considering nonlinear dynamics, which has better extrapolation capability in the whole workspace of manipulators.
The viscoelastic properties of Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 suspension cell lines adapted to high osmolarity
Authors: Skrzypczak Tomasz , Pochylski Mikołaj , Rapp Magdalena , Wojtaszek Przemysław , Kasprowicz-Maluśki Anna
Published: February 2025

To survive and grow, plant cells must regulate the properties of their cellular microenvironment in response to ever changing external factors. How the biomechanical balance across the cell’s internal structures is established and maintained during environmental variations remains a nurturing question. To provide insight into this issue we used two micro-mechanical imaging techniques, namely Brillouin light scattering and BODIPY-based molecular rotors Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging, to study Nicotiana tabacum suspension BY-2 cells long-term adapted to high concentrations of NaCl and mannitol. The molecular crowding in cytoplasm and vacuoles was examined, as well as tension in plasma membrane. To understand how sudden changes in osmolarity affect cellular mechanics, the response of the control and the already adapted cells to further short-term osmotic stimulus was also examined. The viscoelasticity of protoplasts is altered differently during adaptation processes compared to responses to sudden hyperosmolarity stress. The applied correlative approach provides evidence that adaptation to hyperosmotic stress leads to different ratios of protoplast and environmental qualities that help to maintain cell integrity. The viscoelastic properties of protoplasts are an element of plant cells long-term adaptation to high osmolarity. Moreover, such adaptation has an impact on the response to the hyperosmolarity stress.

Graphical Abstract