bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THERMAL ARC SPRAY ALUMINIUM COATING IN ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION
Authors: Abd Malek Muhamad Hafiz , Saad Nor Hayati , Abas Sunhaji Kiyai , Mohd Shah Noriyati
Published: October 2019

Thermal arc spray coating was regard as most preferred method as a protective coating due to its ability to sustain in high temperature, high friction surface, and low cost process. It has been applied by most of industrialist especially in oil and gas field, where current application of the coating used in onshore. This research is a study on mechanical properties of thermal arc spray coating by using aluminium alloy with purity 99.5% as coating material. Two samples with different coating thickness at range of 200 μm – 300 μm and 300 μm – 400 μm were used for this research. Some of tests were prepared to evaluate coating mechanical properties. Surface microstructures were viewed and analysed using scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive x-ray analysis.  The hardness was inspected using Vickers Hardness testing. Corrosion rate was established by performing Salt Spray Test. Porosity value was calculated using Image Analyzer. Surface roughness was viewed using Infinitefocus G4 machine. Experimental results were found that coating porosity was raising with enhancing of coating thickness. The increment coating thickness also resulted in reduction of hardness and surface roughness. For corrosion rate purpose, two samples with coating thickness at range of 200 μm – 300 μm and two samples with coating thickness at range 300 μm – 400 μm were prepared. It recorded at Rating 5 – Rating 7 after exposed in salt spray cabinet within 144 hours. As a result, coating thickness at range of 200 μm – 300 μm performs the most efficiency in terms of mechanical properties; less corrosion rate, less porosity and contribute to high hardness and surface roughness.
BUCKLING OF STEEL FIBRE EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE CONCRETE WALL PANEL
Authors: Mamat Rohana , Hamzah Siti Hawa , Abd. Rahim Jamilah
Published: October 2019

Steel Fibre Expanded Polystyrene Concrete (SFEPS) wall panel is envisaged as load bearing walls, although it is lightweight by design. The performance of this wall is investigated, incorporating opening to fulfil the demand for ventilation and services conduits or equipments. It focused on the buckling behaviour by comparing the carrying load capacities and deformation profiles of wall panel with and without opening. Primarily, the samples were cast from concrete mixed with expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads, enhanced with hooked end round shaft steel fibre and reinforced with a single layer rectangular steel fabric (BRC) of size B9. The wall panel size is 2000 mm in height (limited due to testing frame allowable height), 1500 mm wide and 100 mm thick which gives the slenderness ratio of 15. The wall falls under the slender wall category for lightweight concrete since the slenderness ratio is greater than 10 [1]. A central opening with a size of 600 mm high by 600 mm wide is created to accommodate the opening criterion. Experimental tests were conducted simulating fixed ends condition. The average compressive strength of SFEPS, fcu is 20.87 N/mm2 with a density, ρ of 1900 kg/m3. These lightweight SFEPS wall panels sustained load between 958.0 kN and 1938.9 kN. Wall panels experienced maximum displacement of 22.3 mm at midheight. The wall panels failed in buckling as it should be for slender wall. There was also concrete crushing at the upper and lower ends of the panels. The SFEPS wall panel is suitable to be used as load bearing structures.
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF CORROSION INHIBITION OF THIOHENE-2-ETHYLAMINE ON MILD STEEL IN ACID MEDIA
Authors: Usman Bishir , Maarof Hasmerya , H. Abdallah Hassan , Jamaludin Rosmahida , Hasan Mohamed Noor , Aziz Madzlan
Published: October 2019

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 0.5M H2SO4 at 30oC with thiophene-2- ethylamine (TEA) as inhibitor has been assess by quantitative structure activity relation (QSAR) model and quantum chemical calculations. The results were evaluated using weight loss and electrochemical methods such as potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed good performance of TEA in corrosion protection which behaves as mixed inhibitor from PDP. The micrograph from FESEM and EDX dot mapping showed that the inhibitor adsorbed onto the metal surface with different distribution for S, C and N atoms which indicate less damage on the metal surface in the presence of TEA.
A COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS AND TIME SERIES FORECASTING OF MONTHLY STREAM FLOW DATA USING HYBRID MODEL
Authors: Pandhiani Siraj Muhammed , Shabri Ani
Published: October 2019

In this study, new hybrid model is developed by integrating two models, the discrete wavelet transform and least square support vector machine (WLSSVM) model. The hybrid model is then used to measure for monthly stream flow forecasting for two major rivers in Pakistan. The monthly stream flow forecasting results are obtained by applying this model individually to forecast the rivers flow data of the Indus River and Neelum Rivers. The root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and the correlation (R) statistics are used for evaluating the accuracy of the WLSSVM, the proposed model. The results are compared with the results obtained through LSSVM. The outcome of such comparison shows that WLSSVM model is more accurate and efficient than LSSVM.
EFFECT TEMPERATURE IN CHEMICAL SENSING USING TRIPLE STAGE MICRORING RESONATOR
Authors: Mohamad Azam , Bahadoran Mahdi , Aziz Safwan , Chaudary Kashif , Jalil Muhammad Arif , Ali Jalil , P. Yupapin Preecha
Published: October 2019

The split-step Fourier technique is used to study the effect of temperature in triple stage microring resonating sensor (TSMRRS). The optical bright soliton beam is used as the probe pulse into the TSMRRS and the effect of temperature variations on various concentrations of glucose in deionize water is investigated. The detection of glucose is measured by intensity variations of output signals from through and drop ports of TSMRRS. The temperature variations cause an exact intensity reduction of glucose concentration in deionize water when the temperature increased by 1 oC. The performance of TSMRRS glucose sensor is improved for temperature range similar with standard room temperature which shows that TSMRRS is suitable candidate for chemical sensing application.
MODIFIED ABSORPTION FEATURES OF TITANIA-ERBIUM INCORPORATED PLASMONIC TELLURITE GLASS SYSTEM
Authors: Yusof Nur Nabihah , Ghoshal Sib Krishna , Ariffin Ramli , Sahar Mohd Rahim
Published: October 2019

Achieving efficient lasing glass materials with enhanced absorption and emission cross-section by reducing the Rare Earth (RE) concentration quenching is a challenging issue. Metal nanoparticles (NPs) together with RE ions in the glass matrix are thought as a suitable alternative to overcome the limitations of concentration quenching and weak absorption of inorganic glasses. We prepare a series of Titania-Erbium doped Tellurite glass system with the form (69-x)TeO2-20ZnO-10Na2O-1Er2O3-(x)TiO2, where  0 ≤ x≤ 1.0 mol% via melt-quenching method with optimum erbium contents and varying TiO2 NPs concentrations. The NPs concentration dependent modifications in the absorption characteristics are scrutinized. Glasses are characterized via UV-Vis-NIR and XRD measurements. XRD pattern verifies the amorphous nature of prepared samples. The incorporation of TiO2 NPs is demonstrated to enhance the absorption intensity significantly. This augmentation is attributed to the effect of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) mediated strong local electric field that is swallowed by neighboring Er3+ ions. The observed modification in optical energy band gap and Urbach energy are ascribed to the strong electric field around NPs that interact with the ligand of glass network to transform weak bond into defects. This observation is useful for the development of plasmonic nanoglass materials applicable for photonic devices.
OPTIMAL STEP-FUNCTION APPROXIMATION OF LOAD DURATION CURVE USING EVOLUTIONARY PROGRAMMING (EP)
Authors: Othman E A , Dahlan Nofri Yenita , Mohd Nawi Mohd Nasrun , Nizam Tengku Ahmad , Tahir Mohamad Zamhari
Published: October 2019

This paper proposes Evolutionary Programming (EP) to determine optimal step-function approximation of Load Duration Curve (LDC) at minimum error. The EP model optimally discretized a load duration curve based on Malaysia’s hourly load data in year 2012 for three and six segments of discretized LDC. The EP is developed using MatLab programming software. Results show that EP technique is able to provide optimum break points of discretized LDC at minimum error. In the analysis, it shows that the 6-step functions of LDC has a lower total error than the 3-step functions of LDC. The EP technique proposed in this paper is also compared with Dynamic Programming (DP) technique. Results show that EP provides a much shorter elapsed time than DP and have a lower total error for 3-step functions of LDC. This EP-based model step function approximation of LDC is very useful for the power system planner to develop accurate generation expansion planning.
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF SIMULATORS IN GRID
Authors: Dakkak Omar , Arif Suki , Awang Nor Shahrudin
Published: October 2019

In parallel and distributed computing environment such as "The Grid", anticipating the behavior of the resources and tasks based on certain scheduling algorithm is a great challenging. Thus, studying and improving these types of environments becomes very difficult. Out of this, the developers have spent remarkable efforts to come up with simulators which facilitate the studies in this domain. In addition, these simulators have a significant role in enhancing and proposing many scheduling algorithms, and this in turn has reflected efficiently on the Grid. In this paper, we will present some of these tools, which are: GridSim for large scales distributed computing and parallel environment, Alea for tackling dynamic scheduling problems, Sim-G-Batch grid simulator for simulating the security and energy concept and Balls simulator for evaluation peer-to-peer with integrated load balancing algorithm. Furthermore, this paper aims to guide and assist the researcher to choose the proper tool that can fit the studied research area, by providing functionality analysis for the reviewed simulators..
PERBEZAAN DALAM PENGGUNAAN JENTERA DAN MESIN BAGI KAEDAH PEMBINAAN SECARA KONVENSIONAL DAN SISTEM PEMBINAAN BERINDUSTRI (IBS)
Authors: Azman Mohamed Nor Azhari , Zaihidee Fardila Mohd , Mustapha Ramlee , Mohd Nawi Mohd Nasrun , Wai Bing Khuan , Habidin Nurul Fadly
Published: October 2019

Use of machinery and machine extensively in the construction industry could increase construction productivity in terms of time, energy and costs and thereby to reduce dependence on foreign labour.  Construction Industry Development Board has drawn up a strategic plan of using the Industrialised Building System (IBS) in both government and private sector to promote construction practices in the use of machinery and machine optimally. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the differences in the use of machinery and engines for conventional construction methods and IBS. The instrument consists of interview and focus group protocols. The findings found that there are two types of machines that were frequently used in the construction which included mobile cranes and backhoe, where IBS used modular components such as walls, floors, beams and columns. Modular components are heavy and large size which required the use of machinery and this could reduce the use of foreign labour. Using IBS, the completion of construction projects was within half or a third of the time of conventional construction period. This allows the contractor to add new construction projects and this could increase construction productivity.
A DUAL BAND MIMO DIELECTRIC RESONATOR ANTENNA FOR WLAN APPLICATION
Authors: Mohd Nor Nuramirah , Jamaluddin Mohd Haizal
Published: October 2019

In this paper, a dual band multiple-input-multiple-output dielectric resonator antenna for wireless local area network application is presented. Two identical feeding techniques are used to feed the proposed antenna. The simulated impedance bandwidth for both port are the same which are 6.5% at 2.45 GHz and 3% at 5.2 GHz. The DRA also has an acceptable value of isolation over the operating frequency. The simulated S-parameter and other multiple-input-multiple-output parameters are studied and observed.
DELAY CONTROL NETWORK CODING TECHNIQUE
Authors: Ahmed Hamato Shereen A. M. , Ariffin Sharifah H. S. , Fisal Norsheila , Yunus Farizah
Published: October 2019

Network coding is a technique known to efficiently utilize the bandwidth by exploiting the broadcast nature of the wireless medium. Network coding reduces the number of retransmissions by allowing the relay not only to forward the packets, but to do some logic operation. However, considering the randomness and the asymmetric nature of the traffic in the wireless medium, it is usually very challenging for the relay to predict when the next packet is coming, thus the main question for the relay when receives a packet is whether to hold the packet in order to obtain a network coding opportunity or to rebroadcast the packet directly and eliminate the delay. In this paper, we address this challenge by introducing two schemes; Bandwidth Consideration Scheme (BCS) which considers pure network coding to achieve the maximum improvement in network throughput, and Time Limited Scheme (TLS), which uses the network coding but considers the imposed delay. The results show that, BCS can lead to up to 50% improvement in the bandwidth, however for symmetric flows using pure network coding leads to unbounded delay. On the other hand, TLS noticeably decreases the imposed delay for the symmetric flows and leads to relatively similar improvement in the throughput for asymmetric flows.
EFFECT OF CPW EDGES CHAMFERING TO THE PERFORMANCE OF ULTRA WIDEBAND ANTENNA
Authors: Dewan Raimi , A Rahim Mohamad Kamal , Hamid Mohamad Rijal , Mokhtar M.H. , Yusoff M.F.M.
Published: October 2019

In this paper, an Ultra Wideband (UWB) antenna is presented. The antenna radiating patch is circular in shape with coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding technique. The proposed chamfering to the outer edges of the ground plane successfully widens the -10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna to cover from 1.92 GHz up to 15.16 GHz (correspond to 155% fractional bandwidth). The antenna gain varies from 2 to 5 dB over the operating band. Parametrical studies have been conducted for four different conditions of the ground plane; without chamfering, chamfering on the inner edges, chamfering on the outer edges and both chamfering of inner and outer edges. The effects of distinguished chamfering conditions to antenna performance are analyzed.  The measured and simulated results for reflection coefficients and radiation patterns (2.45 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5.8 GHz) are presented. The corresponding realized gains are 2.14 dB, 2.85 dB and 3.4 dB respectively. The measured results satisfactorily agreed with the simulated ones. The antenna is 8 - 37 % wider bandwidth than previous research.
MULTI-OBJECTIVES ADAPTIVE ARRAY SYNTHESIS USING SPEEDY-PARTICLE SWARM METHOD
Authors: Malik N.N.N.A. , Esa M. , Yusof S.K.S. , Latiff N.M.A.
Published: October 2019

A method of computing the optimum element distance position of multi-objectives adaptive linear antenna arrays (MLAA) is developed by taking several objectives (eg. adaptive capability, beamwidth and minimum sidelobe level (SLL)) into consideration. In this paper, the recently invented algorithm, known as Speedy-Particle Swarm Optimization (SpPSO) algorithm is adopted to optimize the distance between the MLAA elements. Different numerical examples of 8- and 12-element MLAA are presented to validate and illustrate the capability of SpPSO for pattern synthesis with a prescribed adaptive angle, controllable beamwidth and minimum SLL. It was found that by employing SpPSO method, the results provide considerable improvement over the conventional array. It is observed that the maximum normalized SLL of -12.27 dB has been achieved by using SpPSO for 8-element MLAA. The proposed SpPSO-based LAA also able to achieve a beampattern with sufficiently low sidelobes for 12-element MLAA by having maximum SLL of -16.46 dB, a desired wider FNBW of 50° and main beam that is pointing to 20°.
POLARIZATION-INDEPENDENT METAMATERIAL ABSORBER FOR SINGLE BAND AND MULTI-BAND FREQUENCY
Authors: Ayop Osman , A. Rahim Mohamad Kamal , Murad Noor Asniza
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the design and simulation of polarization-independent type of metamaterial absorbers (MMAbs) at X-band frequency. The advantage of polarization-independent MMAbs is it can absorbs incident electromagnetic (EM) wave in all polarization states. It can be achieved by applying circular ring shape in a unit cell of MMAbs because the shape is very symmetry. The simulation is done in a unit cell for each proposed MMAbs structures. The FR4 substrate is used for MMAbs structure designs. The designed MMAbs structures can be divided into two parts which is circular ring and modified circular ring. The characteristics of both structure are studied through simulation process using CST software. Parametric study is conducted to observe the effect of each parameters in unit cell on the absorbing magnitude and frequency. It is observed that circular ring structures can achieve high EM wave  absorbance for single band and multi band frequency. Since frequency separation distant limitation occurred, the modified circular ring structure is proposed by adding copper lines on the original circular ring structure. Thus, dual band frequency with close separation distant between two resonant frequencies is obtained as close as 1 GHz compared to the original dual band circular ring which is 2 GHz.
SIMULATION OF CO-PLANAR WAVEGUIDE LIQUID CRYSTAL BASED PHASE SHIFTER
Authors: ALQuaiti Nasser A , Murad Noor Asniza
Published: October 2019

This paper discussed the design and performances of a liquid crystal phase shifter that can be used in tuning devices. Tuning devices growth with the demand in the emerging in telecommunication system. Tuning devices with smooth continuous phase shifting at low cost and compact size would be an advantage. This paper proposed a phase shifter using 5CB liquid crystal material. The advantages of using the material is the smoothness and continuity of the transitions in the phase shift. It is done by having a structure with cavity filled with the liquid crystal and applied with certain voltage that can be changed. The changes in voltage would change the applied electric field, and thus would change the permittivity of the material. The changes would affect the wave propagation and thus contribute to the phase shifting. The performance of the phase shifter was tested by means of simulation using CST Suite 2014 software. The results show that the higher the frequency, the higher the phase shift would occur. The highest FoM achieved is 68 (deg/dB) at 8 GHz. A phase shifter with smooth and continuous phase shift can be used as the feeding network in an array scanning antennas systems.
EFFECT OF STYRENE-BUTADIENE ON RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT EMULSION
Authors: M. Warid M. Naqiuddin , Hainin Mohd Rosli , Yaacob Haryati , A. Aziz Md. Maniruzzaman , Idham Mohd Khairul , Abdul Raman Noor Azah , Mamat Rosmawati
Published: October 2019

One of the main issues with cold mix asphalt (CMA) mixtures is having poor abrasion resistance with low cohesion, longer curing time and low elasticity. SBR is used to improve the rheological properties of the asphalt emulsion. This paper evaluates the effect of using different percentages of SBR in unaged slow-setting emulsion (SS-1K) in CMA. These modified emulsions were blended at various percentages, i.e. 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% of the weight of asphalt emulsion. The investigation focused on the rheological aspect which correlates the properties of unaged modified asphalt emulsion with its performance. Dynamic Shear Rheometer test (DSR) was used to measure the parameters of complex shear modulus, G* and phase angle, δ of the asphalt samples. Based on the results, it shows that by adding SBR in the asphalt emulsion improve the rutting resistance. From the isochronal curve, the complex modulus, G* of the modified emulsions was found higher than the unmodified emulsion. The modified emulsions show signs of improvement in binder properties in terms of elastic deformation and viscosity reduction. Therefore, it can be concluded that the SBR could improve the performance of the asphalt emulsion used in CMA.
EVALUATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF AGED ASPHALT BINDER AND MIXTURE UNDER VARIOUS AGING METHODS
Authors: Idham Mohd Khairul , Hainin Mohd Rosli , M. Warid M. Naqiuddin , Abdul Raman Noor Azah , Mamat Rosmawati
Published: October 2019

Hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement encounter short and long term aging throughout the service life. Laboratory aging is the method used to simulate field aging process of HMA pavement. This study was undertaken to determine the long term effect of different binder and mixture laboratory aging methods on HMA (binder aging and mixture aging). Three types of HMA mixtures were prepared for this study namely Asphaltic Concrete with 10 mm nominal maximum aggregate size (AC 10), Asphaltic Concrete 14 mm (AC 14) and Asphaltic Concrete 28 mm (AC 28). These specimens were conditioned with nine different methods and durations.  Resilient modulus test was carried out at 40˚C as an initial indicator of the specimen performance. Permanent deformation of the same specimens was then evaluated by dynamic creep test. Generally, the aged asphalt binder specimens have higher resilient and stiffness modulus compared to aged asphalt mixture specimens. In addition, aged binder specimens have a lower permanent strain which indicates higher resistance to permanent deformation. This study also found that high resilient and stiffness modulus of specimens is attributed by different in heating frequency, temperature, air exposure and binder content of the mixtures.
ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASTICS WASTE FOR PYROLYSIS PROCESS: COMPARISON OF SELECTED PACKAGING PLASTICS AND PVC
Authors: Maryudi Maryudi , Setyawan Martomo , Noni Noni , Yahayor Samihah
Published: October 2019

The poor degradability of plastics has led to huge plastics deposit in a landfill of which pyrolysis technology has been proposed to solve plastics waste problem. This paper reports the study on characteristics of two kinds of plastic wastes: selected packaging plastics and PVC. Characterizations have been performed for investigating water content, ash content, and decomposition temperature. The results revealed that the water content of packaging plastic waste was 0.69 ± 0.11%, while PVC was 1.22 ± 0.24%. The ash contents are 2.36 ± 1.03 % and 27.24±1.73 % for packaging plastics waste and PVC waste respectively. Plastic waste from packaging application and PVC waste decomposed at a temperature of 300-500°C and 200-800°C respectively. Decomposition of PVC waste took place in three stages: 200-370°C, 370-525°C and 600-800°C. It is recommended that the pyrolysis process should be conducted in the range of 300-500°C for packaging plastic waste and 200-800°C for PVC waste.
ONLINE COLLABORATIVE LEARNING ELEMENTS TO PROPOSE AN ONLINE PROJECT BASED COLLABORATIVE LEARNING MODEL
Authors: Razali Sharifah Nadiyah , Shahbodin Faaizah , Hussin Hanipah , Bakar Norasiken
Published: October 2019

Interest in collaboration is a natural outgrowth of the trend in education toward active learning. Many researchers have found that the advantages of collaborative learning; improves academic performance, promotes soft skills development (i.e., communications, collaboration, problem-solving and critical thinking skills), and increases satisfaction in the learning experience. Nevertheless, several studies have reported the complete opposite. In that respect, based on previous findings, three elements that are involved in the effectiveness of Online Collaborative Learning Environments are; Learning Environment, Learning Task, and Learning Interaction. This report proposes to determine the elements that can clarify all of the previously identified factors. Using the same approach as prior work, this study was conducted qualitatively; in the form of a document review. The outcome of this work suggests that (i) the learning interaction factor consists of learner-learner interaction and learner-teacher interaction elements, (ii) the elements of the learning design factor are content, process, evaluation, and time constraint, and (iii) usability, accessibility and stability are the ingredients of the learning environment factor. This study also proposes an Online Project-Based Collaborative Learning model. This model is currently only in a conceptual phase and requires significant development before it can be used to gather data. Therefore, in the next stage of this study, a prototype will be designed and developed; based on the proposed model.
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DIPLOMA CURRICULUM PROGRAM FOR BASIC AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE TO ANSWER THE DEMAND OF AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN IN INDONESIA
Authors: Sakti K. Aprilia , Fahrurrozi Andi
Published: October 2019

The high demand of aircraft maintenance technicians in Indonesia, present challenges to higher education practitioners. In 2015, Indonesia requires at least 6500 aircraft maintenance technicians as the estimated   number of active technicians in 2015 is about 3700 technicians, and the number is decreasing due to the retirement. Current institutions which offer the education and training program have the capability to train up to 840 technicians. The Department of Aeronautical Engineering, University of Suryadarma, has redesigned the curriculum and syllabi of the program to match the needs of the aircraft maintenance industry. The approach is to introduce the standard competency, as required by the industry, in accordance with the framework of curriculum standard design for the diploma program. The industry standard competency for aircraft maintenance technician is based on the CASR (Civil Aviation Safety Regulations) Part 147 and, CASR Part 65 recommended by DGCA (Directorate General of Civil Aviation), the Ministry of Transportation of The Republic of Indonesia, and ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) Document 7192. The Framework of curriculum design for diploma program is following the Republic of Indonesian Law No. 12 of 2012 for Higher Education, Presidential Decree of The Republic of Indonesia No. 8 of 2012 for IQF (Indonesian Qualification Framework).  This paper presents the recommended expected learning outcome and operational curriculum that satisfies the standard competency of aircraft maintenance technician, within the framework of standard curriculum design for the diploma program.
THE ANALYSIS OF PURCHASING CONSORTIUM FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
Authors: Baihaqi Imam , Suparno Suparno , Hadi Denisa
Published: October 2019

Lack of the buying power of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in purchasing their raw material could hinder their competitiveness. The low buying power generally caused by the fact that SMEs purchase their raw material in small lot. Purchasing consortium offers SMEs to increase their buying power and obtain better pricing through the collective buying mechanism amongst SMEs. This paper proposes purchasing consortium mechanism using joint replenishment and vendor managed inventory. The analysis shows that SMEs gain potential cost savings in sourcing their raw material through the proposed mechanism.
A REVIEW OF SAFETY CONSTRUCTION OF BILLBOARD AROUND BANJARMASIN
Authors: Fajar Reza Adhi , Irawan Joni , Firman Rinova
Published: October 2019

A safe and standard billboard construction is very important everywhere as well as in and around Banjarmasin. Therefore, the research using cross-sectional descriptive design to analyze the ratio of axial-flexible stress of pillars was conducted. The inclusion criteria for the billboards are billboards with dimension of 4x6 m2, 5x10 m2 and cross-road horizontal billboard or Bando. Meanwhile the exclusion criteria are billboards with dimension of 2x4 m2, 1x1 m2 and non-steel materials billboards. The result shows that billboard construction that is considered safe as well as standard one is billboard with the dimension of 4x6 m2, 10” pillar, 5x5 cm2 angled steel profile; and five pillars Bando with 18” middle pillar, two f 10” side pillars (2.5” truss). Meanwhile billboard construction which is not considered safe are 5x10 m2 billboard, 18” pillar, 2”truss, 5x5 cm2 angled steel profile; and Bando with three 18” pillars, 2” truss. The improvement for 5x10 m2 billboards is by adding 2” diagonal truss, 18” pillar, 2” truss; for three pillars Bando, the improvement is by adding four f 6” pillar, 18” pillar, 2.5” truss.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR CHIP GEOMETRY CALCULATION IN FIVE-AXIS MILLING
Authors: Hendriko Hendriko
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the method to calculate the geometries of instantaneous chip in five-axis milling. The inclination angle changes in between two consecutive CC-points were taken into account in the calculation. In the first stage, the engagement angle, the axial depth of cut and cut width were determined through the mapping technique. The engagement point of the Work piece Coordinate System (WCS) was mapped to a Tool Coordinate System (TCS). In the second stage, the engagement angle and depth of cut, which were defined in the first stage were then used as a primary input to obtain the cut thickness and cut width. Two simulation tests have been presented to verify the ability of the proposed model to predict the cut geometry. The first tests revealed that the inclination angle makes the size of the cut thickness and cut width fluctuate. The cut width increased when the tool inclination angle increased. For the cut thickness, its magnitude was influenced by two effects, the orientation effect and the tooth path effect. The final result was a compromise between these two effects. In the second simulation test, the proposed model was successfully implemented to support the feedrate scheduling method.
MANAGING ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE REQUIREMENT FOR BUSINESS CONTINUITY MANAGEMENT (BCM) IMPLEMENTATION USING GOAL-QUESTION-METRIC (GQM) APPROACH
Authors: Mansol Noorul Halimin , Mohd Alwi Najwa Hayaati , Ismail Waidah
Published: October 2019

Today’s Information and Communication Technology (ICT) growth is increasing and has raised the needs for service quality, reliability and availability. Together, with the current global economics Business Continuity Management (BCM) become a crucial requirement to an organization. Apart from the technological aspect in BCM, Malaysian IT Organization must enforce the information security management and awareness of BCM by considering organization culture values. Preparing the organization to BCM is a vital part to the management to be considered. Accessing and understanding the organizational culture values during the BCM setup stage may help to improve the effectiveness of BCM implementation in the organization. Therefore, this paper presents the organizational culture framework using Goal-Question-Metric (GQM) approach to measure the readiness of the organization to implement BCM and also towards the BCM compliance.
THE IMPROVED BPNN-NAR AND BPNN-NARMA MODELS ON MALAYSIAN AGGREGATE COST INDICES WITH OUTLYING DATA
Authors: Ahmad Kamaruddin Saadi , Md Ghani Nor Azura , Mohamed Ramli Norazan
Published: October 2019

Neurocomputing have been adapted in time series forecasting arena, but the presence of outliers that usually occur in data time series may be harmful to the data network training. This is because the ability to automatically find out any patterns without prior assumptions and loss of generality. In theory, the most common training algorithm for Backpropagation algorithms leans on reducing ordinary least squares estimator (OLS) or more specifically, the mean squared error (MSE). However, this algorithm is not fully robust when outliers exist in training data, and it will lead to false forecast future value. Therefore, in this paper, we present a new algorithm that manipulate algorithms firefly on least median squares estimator (FFA-LMedS) for  Backpropagation neural network nonlinear autoregressive (BPNN-NAR) and Backpropagation neural network nonlinear autoregressive moving (BPNN-NARMA) models to reduce the impact of outliers in time series data. The performances of the proposed enhanced models with comparison to the existing enhanced models using M-estimators, Iterative LMedS (ILMedS) and Particle Swarm Optimization on LMedS (PSO-LMedS) are done based on root mean squared error (RMSE) values which is the main highlight of this paper. In the meanwhile, the real-industrial monthly data of Malaysian Aggregate cost indices data set from January 1980 to December 2012 (base year 1980=100) with different degree of outliers problem is adapted in this research. At the end of this paper, it was found that the enhanced BPNN-NARMA models using M-estimators, ILMedS and FFA-LMedS performed very well with RMSE values almost zero errors. It is expected that the findings would assist the respected authorities involve in Malaysian construction projects to overcome cost overruns.
HYBRID FEATURES - BASED PREDICTION FOR NOVEL PHISH WEBSITES
Authors: Zuhair Hiba , Salleh Mazleena , Selamat Ali
Published: October 2019

Phishers frequently craft novel deceptions on their websites and circumvent existing anti-phishing techniques for insecure intrusions, users’ digital identity theft, and then illegal profits. This raises the needs to incorporate new features for detecting novel phish websites and optimizing the existing anti-phishing techniques. In this light, 58 new hybrid features were proposed in this paper and their prediction susceptibilities were evaluated by using feature co-occurrence criterion and a baseline machine learning algorithm. Empirical test and analysis showed the significant outcomes of the proposed features on detection performance. As a result, the most influential features are identified, and new insights are offered for further detection improvement.
IN SILICO GENE DELETION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI FOR OPTIMAL ETHANOL PRODUCTION USING A HYBRID ALGORITHM OF PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION AND FLUX BALANCE ANALYSIS
Authors: Jing Liew Mei , Mohamed Salleh Abdul Hakim , Mohamad Mohd Saberi , Wen Choon Yee , Deris Safaai , A Samah Azurah , Abdul Majid Hairudin
Published: October 2019

Metabolic engineering of microorganism is widely used to enhance the production of metabolites that is useful in food additives, pharmaceutical, supplements, cosmetics, and polymer materials. One of the approaches for enhancing the biomass production is to utilize gene deletion strategies. Flux Balance Analysis is introduced to delete the gene that eventually leads the overproduction of the biomass and then to increase the biomass production. However, the result of biomass production obtained does not achieve the optimal production. Therefore, we proposed a hybrid algorithm of Particle Swarm Optimization and Flux Balance Analysis to attain an optimal gene deletion that is able to produce a higher biomass production. In this research, Particle Swarm Optimization is introduced as an optimization algorithm to obtain optimal gene deletions while Flux Balance Analysis is used to evaluate the fitness (biomass production or growth rate) of gene deletions. By performing an experiment on Escherichia coli, the results indicate that the proposed hybrid algorithm of Particle Swarm Optimization and Flux Balance Analysis is able to obtain optimal gene deletions that can produce the highest ethanol production. A hybrid algorithm is suggested due to its ability in seeking a higher ethanol production and growth rate than OptReg methods.
REFLECTIVE PRISM DISPLAY USING PEPPER’S GHOST TECHNIQUE SOFTWARE TOOLKIT PLUGIN FOR UNITY 3D
Authors: Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdullah , Ismail Nor Anita Fairos , Sunar Mohd Shahrizal
Published: October 2019

Reflective prism display is a display technology that has potentials in displaying images with fascinating effects. However, the process of creating the display is quite challenging considering the lack of specialized software and bulky hardware setup. In this project, we propose a software toolkit plugin for Unity 3D, called Prismatic, to simplify the process as an alternative over the conventional method of creating a reflective prism display. Adopting the idea from Pepper’s ghost technique, a combination of four cameras facing an object were setup within Unity to produce four viewport renderings of the object, easily projected from a device as small as a smartphone to the size of widescreen TVs. This software toolkit combined with Unity offer simple and centralized control over camera, facets, and object. Prismatic has the potential in assisting apps developer in creating the display such as in showcasing models for education and business purposes.
TEKNIK INTERAKSI UNIMANUAL PUSH AND PULL MENGGUNAKAN DATA GLOVE
Authors: Hydayat Arief , Arshad Haslina , Mohamad Ali Nazlena , Meng Chun Lam
Published: October 2019

In a 3D user interface, interaction plays an important role in helping users to manipulate 3D objects in virtual environments. 3D devices, such as data glove and motion tracking, can potentially give users the opportunity to manipulate 3D objects in virtual reality environments such as checking, zooming, translating, rotating, merging and splitting 3D objects in a more natural and easy manner through the use of hand gestures. Hand gestures are often applied in 3D interaction techniques for converting the manipulation mode. This paper will discuss the interaction technique in a virtual environment using a combination of the Push and Pull navigation and the rotation technique. The unimanual use of these 3D interaction techniques can improve the effectiveness of users in their interaction with and manipulation of 3D objects. This study has enhanced the capability of the unimanual 3D interaction technique in terms of 3D interaction feedback in virtual environments.
PARALLEL ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK APPROACHES FOR DETECTING THE BEHAVIOUR OF EYE MOVEMENT USING CUDA SOFTWARE ON HETEROGENEOUS CPU-GPU SYSTEMS
Authors: Alias Norma , Mohamad Mohsin Husna , Mustaffa Maizatul Nadirah , Mohd Saimi Siti Hafilah , Reyaz Ridhwan
Published: October 2019

Eye movement behaviour is related to human brain activation either during asleep or awake. The aim of this paper is to measure the three types of eye movement by using the data classification of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. It will be illustrated and train using the artificial neural network (ANN) method, in which the measurement of eye movement is based on eye blinks close and open, moves to the left and right as well as eye movement upwards and downwards. The integrated of ANN with EEG digital data signals is to train the large-scale digital data and thus predict the eye movement behaviour with stress activity. Since this study is using large-scale digital data, the parallelization of integrated ANN with EEG signals has been implemented on Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) supported by heterogeneous CPU-GPU systems. The real data set from eye therapy industry, IC Herbz Sdn Bhd was carried out in order to validate and simulate the eye movement behaviour. Parallel performance analyses can be captured based on execution time, speedup, efficiency, and computational complexity.
PrekotAC AS A NEW FILTER AIDS MATERIAL FOR FABRIC FILTER IN AIR FILTRATION SYSTEM
Authors: Hajar S. , Rashid M. , Nurnadia A. , Ammar M. R.
Published: October 2019

Fabric filter has a short life span due to wear and tear influenced by the operating conditions of the system. Treatment of fabric filter using pre-coating material is one of the simplest technique to overcome this problem where it works as a filtration aids that will coat a layer of inert material onto the surface of the fabric. Pre-coating acts as a barrier to block and remove undesired particles from gas stream but allowing a uniform air flow passing through the filter media. The morphology of dust cake that accumulated on the surface of the filter media depends on several properties of the particles such as shape and size. Hence, study presents the characterization of a newly formulated filtration aids known as PrekotAC consisting of a different combination of pre-coating material PreKot™ and activated carbon. The aim is to determine the best combination of PrekotAC admixtures as a filtration aids suitable for a fabric filtration system. Various characteristics of the formulated admixtures such as its particle size distribution, bulk density, moisture content as well as its morphology were investigated and presented in this paper.
SOL-GEL (3-MERCAPTOPROPYL)TRIMETHOXYSILANE-METHYLTRIMETHOXYSILANE AS ADSORBENT FOR STIR BAR SORPTIVE EXTRACTION OF SELECTED ORGANIC DYES
Authors: Abu Bakar Nur Atiqah , Wan Ibrahim Wan Aini , Sanagi Mohd Marsin
Published: October 2019

A new sol-gel hybrid silica-based (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane-methyl-trimethoxysilane (MPTMOS-MTMOS) in the ratio of 3:1 was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent in stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) of three selected polar organic dyes from water sample. Three organic dyes were used as test analytes namely crystal violet, methyl orange and methylene blue. Analysis of the organic dyes was performed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Optimum extraction conditions was achieved using 50 min extraction time, 240 rpm stirring rate, ultrasonic aided desorption for 15 min using  3 mL methanol and sample solution at pH 4 with addition of 5% (w/v) NaCl. The sol-gel hybrid MPTMOS-MTMOS showed better extraction efficiency (based on absorbance) for the selected organic dyes compared to commercial ethylene-glycol/silicone Twister™ stir bar. Limit of detection obtained was in the range 0.34 -0.75 µg mL-1 (S/N = 3) and linear range achieved was 10 order of magnitude (1.0-10 µg mL-1). The developed sol-gel hybrid material showed high potential as an alternative adsorbent for SBSE of organic dyes. MPTMOS-MTMOS SBSE was successfully applied for simultaneous analysis of three organic dyes from river water with good recovery.
NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF UNSTEADY FREE CONVECTION FLOW IN A SECOND GRADE FLUID
Authors: Mohd Zin Nor Athirah , Rawi Noraihan Afiqah , Khan Ilyas , Shafie Sharidan
Published: October 2019

In this paper, the problem of unsteady free convection flow moves along a vertical plate in a second grade fluid is studied. The vertical plate with constant temperature is considered. The dimensional governing equations are transformed into non dimensional equations using appropriate dimensionless variables and solved numerically using Finite Difference Method. Numerical results for velocity and temperature profiles are displayed graphically for viscoelastic parameter, Grashof number and Prandtl number and discussed in details. It is found that, increasing the values of Grashof number and time leads to increase in the velocity profiles. Increasing the values of the Prandtl number and viscoelastic parameter is found to decrease the velocity profile. It is further found that, increasing the values of Prandtl number tends to decrease the thermal boundary layer thickness.
NUMERICAL STUDIES OF ION BEAM IN NX2 PLASMA FOCUS FOR DIFFERENT APPLIED VOLTAGE
Authors: Nawi Nina Diana , Ong Shu Teik , Ali Jalil , Chaudhary Kashif , Bahadoran Mahdi , Daud Suzairi
Published: October 2019

Plasma focus device gives simultaneous interaction between magnetic and electric field which results in exhibiting multi-radiation properties. Ion beam radiates from the system is significant for experimenting target material of interest in plasma focus research. Lee code model is used to simulate the numerical experiments on NX2-plasma focus device system using different applied voltage in the range 10 to 14 kV. The system is operating in Neon filled at an optimum pressure depending on the applied voltage used in the experiment. Results obtained are analysed and fitted with the experimental results for system validation. Good fitting on the numerical with the experimental results is obtained by incorporating mass shedding effects and current shedding factor.  The range of current density obtained is in the range 1.6x108 to 7.3x109 Am-2 whilst the maximum ion beam energy is estimated to be 156 J
CHARACTERIZATION OF PHOTOCHEMICALLY INITIATED GOLD NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED VIA INCOHERENT ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
Authors: Chong Jia-Cherng , Lee Siew-Ling , Bidin Noriah
Published: October 2019

A modified Turkevich pathway of synthesizing water suspended gold nanoparticles using incoherent ultraviolet radiation as photochemical reaction initiator produced broader absorbance band corresponding to localised surface plasmonresonsnce around 530 nm with average particle size separated into two distinct distributions from 5 nm to 100 nm depending on ultraviolet wavelength. Presence and dynamics of nanoparticle growth was observed with photon correlation spectroscopy where aged colloids produced submicron sized agglomerated particles. Post-synthesis colloidal pH shows gradual degradation of particle stability.
DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORMATION METHOD FOR SOLVING SIXTH-ORDER BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS OF ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: Che Hussin Che Haziqah , Mandangan Arif , Kilicman Adem , Daud Muhamad Azlan , Juhan Nurliyana
Published: October 2019

In this study, sixth-order boundary value problems for linear and nonlinear differential equations have been solved by using Differential Transformation Method (DTM). The numerical solutions are given in several examples. For each example, the solution given by DTM is compared with the exact solution. Absolute relative error (ARE) for each iteration can be computed. Therefore, the maximum absolute relative error (MARE) of the DTM can be obtained. To show that the solution given by the DTM has higher level of accuracy, the absolute relative error of the DTM has been compared with the other methods such as Adomian decomposition method with Green’s function, modified decomposition method (MDM), homotopy perturbation method (HPM), Variational Iteration Method (VIM) and Quintic B-Spline Collocation Method. Comparison graphs are given at the end of this paper. The obtained result shows that the proposed method is able to provide better approximation in term of accuracy.
EVALUATION ON THE APPLICATIONS OF SMALL SIZE COILED TUBING IN WELL SERVICES
Authors: Chewaroungroaj Jirawat , Ounsakul Thanawit
Published: October 2019

Today, one of the most important key for hydrocarbon production in the oil & gas industry is economic justification. In the later state of the well’s production, the aging wells may introduce many problems such as scale, sand and liquid load-up. These impede the hydrocarbon production, preventing all the reserve to be fully produced. In order to fight this impedance, the use of small size coiled tubing is a promising practice, although has its own limit. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the limit of well services applications of small size Coiled Tubing (1" and 1.25") in various oil & gas well scenarios. The evaluation utilizes the computer modeling which is used to determine the hydraulic and mechanic operating conditions. Our study found the viability of 1” CT in the low inclination well scenarios with the lower pumping rate requirement, while 1.25” CT can be used in all of well services applications and scenarios.