bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
6G With Smart Healthcare, Haptic Communication
Authors: S. ArunKumar , K. Sivakami , S. V. VijayaKarthik , S. M. Deepa
Published: April 2022

Every healthcare division should be provided with sophisticated technology to offer patients appropriate diagnostics, therapies, and a variety of health services either inside hospitals or remotely. A quick responding division is also necessary to deal with the influx of patients and inquiries throughout disasters. This would control not just the healthcare field, but also a variety of other industries. Many industries, notably healthcare, are likely to be transformed by 6G. Healthcare and hospitals will be entirely AI-driven and reliant on 6G connectivity technologies, altering our perspective of life. Nowadays, time and area seem to be the most crucial hurdles to medical systems, which 6G would be capable of overcoming. Under the human-centric perspective of 6th-generation wireless technology, this chapter examines healthcare communication and networking issues and potential strategies for early warning and quick action in crisis scenarios. This chapter also discusses the problems encountered during the deployment of 6G, as well as applicability and future research directions.
Analysis on 6G Networks Using AI Techniques in WSN to Improvise QoS
Authors: G. Vanitha , David Beaulah , Nisha S. Pathur , Mythily M. , R. Padmapriya , S. P. Santhoshkumar
Published: April 2022

In WSNs, attention is given to evaluating the first generation (1G) networks to 6G networks. AI techniques were applied to achieve network intelligence, closed-loop optimization, and intelligent wireless communication for 6G networks. DRL was adopted to preserve reliable wireless connectivity for UAV-enabled networks by learning the environmental dynamics. Hence, it is promising to adopt AI to 6G networks to optimize the network architecture and improve network performance. 6G networks utilize different spectrum bands to support high data rates. In 6G networks, the massive amounts of collected data and complex network architectures pose challenges for AI-enabled learning and training processes. Limited computing resources may be insufficient to process massive high dimensional data to meet the training accuracy rate, robustness, scalability, and flexibility of learning frameworks, which are crucial aspects for providing high-quality services in real-world dynamic networks. Thus, designing robust, scalable, and flexible learning frameworks for 6G networks is still an open issue.
Supply Chain Digitalization and Operational Performance
Authors: Aninda Niken , Karyani Etikah
Published: April 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of supply chain digitization on operational performance and new revenue streams. Data were collected from 123 companies or 492 observations. The samples are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a focus on 3 types of industry, namely the service industry, manufacturing industry, and financial industry from 2016 to 2019. Using the ordinary least square (OLS) model, this study find that supply chain digitalization practices have a positive effect on operational performance, but a negative effect on new revenue stream. Thus, stakeholders can use supply chain digitalization practices as a consideration in making financial decisions as it has influence for operational performance.
Efficient Open Domain Question Answering With Delayed Attention in Transformer-Based Models
Authors: Siblini Wissam , Challal Mohamed , Pasqual Charlotte
Published: April 2022

Open Domain Question Answering (ODQA) on a large-scale corpus of documents (e.g. Wikipedia) is a key challenge in computer science. Although Transformer-based language models such as Bert have shown an ability to outperform humans to extract answers from small pre-selected passages of text, they suffer from their high complexity if the search space is much larger. The most common way to deal with this problem is to add a preliminary information retrieval step to strongly filter the corpus and keep only the relevant passages. In this article, the authors consider a more direct and complementary solution which consists in restricting the attention mechanism in Transformer-based models to allow a more efficient management of computations. The resulting variants are competitive with the original models on the extractive task and allow, in the ODQA setting, a significant acceleration of predictions and sometimes even an improvement in the quality of response.
Initial Optimization Techniques for the Cube Algebra Query Language
Authors: Mercieca Thomas , Vella Joseph G. , Vella Kevin
Published: April 2022

A common model used in addressing today's overwhelming amounts of data is the OLAP Cube. The OLAP community has proposed several cube algebras, although a standard has still not been nominated. This study focuses on a recent addition to the cube algebras: the user-centric Cube Algebra Query Language (CAQL). The study aims to explore the optimization potential of this algebra by applying logical rewriting inspired by classic relational algebra and parallelism. The lack of standard algebra is often cited as a problem in such discussions. Thus, the significance of this work is that of strengthening the position of this algebra within the OLAP algebras by addressing implementation details. The modern open-source PostgreSQL relational engine is used to encode the CAQL abstraction. A query workload based on a well-known dataset is adopted, and CAQL and SQL implementations are compared. Finally, the quality of the query created is evaluated through the observed performance characteristics of the query. Results show strong improvements over the baseline case of the unoptimized query.
IT Applications
Authors: Niaz Shafqat Ali
Published: April 2022

IT revolution is the largest one which is transforming the world completely. These applications are providing new ways of managing the organizations. Study was conducted on the employees of Natural Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) of Pakistan. Electronic gadgets like Internet, mobile phones, cloud computing, unmanned vehicles are some application of IT which have positively impacted the efficiency of organizations against the natural crisis like earth quake, flood and viral diseases etc. Study has revealed that these application has improved the management to quickly respond against crisis. Moreover performance of organization found improved. Outcomes of the study show that through internet and social media platforms, information spread fastly which help to minimize the effect of crisis. Communication devices like cell phones help public to communicate timely to deliver information to the rescue departments. Now a days disaster managements departments are collaborating and sharing experiences with each other by using IT applications.
Adaptive Cache Server Selection and Resource Allocation Strategy in Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: Mahenge Michael Pendo John , Kitindi Edvin Jonathan
Published: April 2022

The enormous increase of data traffic generated by mobile devices emanate challenges for both internet service providers (ISP) and content service provider (CSP). The objective of this paper is to propose the cost-efficient design for content delivery that selects the best cache server to store repeatedly accessed contents. The proposed strategy considers both caching and transmission costs. To achieve the equilibrium of transmission cost and caching cost, a weighted cost model based on entropy-weighting-method (EWM) is proposed. Then, an adaptive cache server selection and resource allocation strategy based on deep-reinforcement-learning (DRL) is proposed to place the cache on best edge server closer to end-user. The proposed method reduces the cost of service delivery under the constraints of meeting server storage capacity constraints and deadlines. The simulation experiments show that the proposed strategy can effectively improve the cache-hit rate and reduce the cache-miss rate and content access costs.
The Gender Gap in Online Shopping in Turkey
Authors: Acilar Ali
Published: April 2022

The main aim of this study is to explore the gender gap in online shopping in the Turkish population. The gender gap in internet use and online shopping is investigated using the results of annual national surveys on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Usage in Households and by Individuals by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat). The study results reveal that females in Turkey tend to be on the wrong side of the digital divide. Even though internet use has increased over the years in the Turkish population, there remains a significant and persistent gap between females and males in internet use and online shopping. It is also found that there are differences between females and males in the purpose of internet use and the type of goods purchased online.
An Exploration of Trust and Distrust in the Context of Social Commerce
Authors: Porntrakoon Paitoon , Winley Graham Kenneth
Published: April 2022

This exploratory study examines factors which are expected to be significantly correlated with Trust and Distrust in social commerce (SC). Unlike other studies, Trust and Distrust are explored as separate dimensions rather than extreme values of a single dimension. Using data from a sample of 662 SC users all of the factors were found to be significantly correlated with Trust or Distrust and the results were the same for males and females. The findings support the idea that Trust and Distrust may be conceptualized as different dimensions. New findings related mainly to correlations: with Distrust, involving cultural characteristics and personality traits, and between Trust and Age, Education, and SC Experience. Practical implications identified factors that may be influenced by practitioners to decrease distrust or increase trust as well as factors that define profiles of consumers with different levels of trust and distrust.
Integration of Multi-Class Service Paradigm With Generic Trust Mechanism for Innovation, Customization and Adaptability in MANETs
Authors: Khanna Nitin , Singh Sandeep , Bhasin Anshu , Malik Kamal
Published: April 2022

Trust-based mechanisms are widely used in wireless networks of different kinds for providing security against attack. Trust mechanism provides security from various attacks using both detective and preventive manner. This paper presents a quality service paradigm that can be integrated with any underlying trust mechanism. The paradigm includes different flags corresponding to different services incorporated in various routing packets. The paradigm provides flexible customization and adaptability as per the demand of communicating nodes for effective data transfer. Various quality service classes are designed to formulate route as per the requirement to minimize the routing overhead and balancing of load among nodes. This paradigm power is the trust mechanism with proactive action for detection of malicious nodes in the network. The proposed paradigm is incorporated in an established trust mechanism and compared with standard version of that trust mechanism for packet delivery ratio and routing overhead.
Detection Mechanism Using Transductive Learning and Support Vectors for Software-Defined Networks
Authors: Kaur Gaganjot , Gupta Prinima , Kumar Yogesh
Published: April 2022

SDN has come up as a promising technology for a future network as a logically centralized controlled framework along with its physically distributed architecture isolating the control plane from sending data moving the entire choice capacity to the regulator. SDNs are turning out to be significant because of scalability, adaptability and testing. As SDN needs overhead for operation, it makes it as a target of Distributed Denial of service (DDoS) attacks. The extensive review in the existing literature survey provides results for small footprint of dataset causing over fitting of the classifier. In the survey it is also been observed that the KNN based algorithms to detect DDOS attacks are lazy learners resulting in the noisy data. This paper proposes a Dual Probability Transductive Confidence Machines and Support Vector Machine (DPTCM-SVM) classifier to avoid the over-fitting for detecting DDoS in SDN. The results generated for detection are more than 98% for all the attack classes making it an Eager Learning System which requires less learning space unlike the Lazy Learning Systems.
Optimal Weighted Logarithmic Transformation Converted HMOG Features for Automatic Smart Phone Authentication
Authors: P. R. Vinod , A. Anitha
Published: April 2022

This paper intends to develop an automatic behavior-based smart phone authentication model by three major phases: feature extraction, weighted logarithmic transformation, and classification. Initially, from the data related to the touches/gesture of the smartphone user, hand movement, orientation, and grasp (HMOG), features are extracted with the aid of grasp resistance and grasp stability. These extracted features are mapped within the particular range by normalizing HMOG. These normalized data are multiplied with the weights followed by logarithmic transformation in the weighted logarithmic transformation phase. As a novelty, the decision-making process related to the logarithmic and weight selection is based on the improved optimization algorithm, called modified threshold-based whale optimization algorithm (MT-WOA). The final feature vectors are fed to DBN for recognizing the authorized users. Finally, a performance-based evaluation is performed between the MT-WOA+DBN and the existing models in terms of various relevant performance measures.
Penguin Rider Optimization Algorithm-Based Deep Recurrent Neural Network for Sentiment Classification of Political Twitter Data
Authors: Harendranath Vegi , Rodda Sireesha
Published: April 2022

This paper proposes an effective and optimal sentiment classification method named Penguin Rider optimization algorithm-based Deep Recurrent Neural Network (PeROA-based Deep RNN) to perform sentiment classification using political reviews. However, the proposed PeROA is developed by incorporating the Penguins Search Optimization Algorithm (PeSOA) with the Rider Optimization Algorithm (ROA). The sentiment classification process is progressed using the Deep RNN classifier, which in turn generate the optimal solution based on the fitness measure. Accordingly, the function with the minimal error value is accepted as the best solution. The sentiment-based features enable the classifier to perform better classification result with respect to the sentiment tweets. However, the proposed PeROA-based Deep RNN obtained better performance using the metrics, like accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, recall, F-measure, thread score, NPV, FPR,FNR and FDR with the values of 92.030%, 92.030%, 92.235%, 92.030%, 92.030%, 92.030%, 92.030%, 3.105%, 3.11%, and 3.105%, respectively.
Threat-Path Estimate-Based Watchword-Chunk Algorithm for Advanced Persistent Threat in the Cloud
Authors: Pandipati Babu , R. Praveen Sam
Published: April 2022

In cloud computing, an advanced persistent threat (APT) is a cyber-attack that gains access to a network and remains undetected for some time. As well APTs have proven difficult to detect and protect, in the existing system they fail to analyze the path of an outbreak when the monitor and assign a weight to the nodes. If a path for an outbreak is detected the VM is migrated to hosts that do not account for the overloaded problem and underutilized hosts. In addition to the size of resources occupied by the VM thus here the traffic was increased. This paper proposes the Threat-Path Reckon technique that detects the multiple paths through re-identification and the addition of automatic weight for its neighbor nodes. Based on that weighted paths, the Secured Object Emigration technique invokes a mapping function to migrate the VMs. Finally, the data in the VM are stored in a best-fit distribution, thus it provides security but achieves the search overheads.
Novel strategy using a spiral embedded flap for meatal stenosis after post-penile cancer amputation surgery: a single-center experience
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Meng , Song Lu-Jie , Yang Ran-Xing , Zhang Kai-Le , Jin San-Bao , Fu Qiang
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to investigate the curative effect of spiral embedded flap urethroplasty for the treatment of meatal stenosis after penile carcinoma surgery. From January 2015 to January 2021, we used our technique to treat strictures of the external urethral orifice in seven patients, including four cases of meatal stenosis after partial penile resection and three cases of meatal stenosis after perineal stoma. All patients had previously undergone repeat urethral dilatation. The patients underwent spiral embedded flap urethroplasty to enlarge the outer urethral opening. The patients’ mean age at the time of surgery was 60 (range: 42–71) years, the mean operative time was 43 min, and the median follow-up period was 18 months. The patients voided well post-operatively, and urinary peak flow rates ranged from 18.3 ml s−1 to 30.4 ml s−1. All patients were successful with absence of urethral meatus stricture. The present study showed that using spiral embedded flap urethroplasty to treat meatal stenosis after penile carcinoma surgery is an effective surgical technique with good long-term outcomes.
Impact of COVID-19 on death anxiety in patients with anxiety spectrum disorders
Authors: Chakraborty Sampurna , Sinha Prakriti , Pratap Alok , Das Basudeb , Kumar Vikas
Published: April 2022

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated symptoms in existing diagnosed cases of anxiety. Its impact on people with mental illness is expected to be significant, leading to an increase in relapse rates and expectedly inducing or exacerbating death anxiety.

Aims & Objectives:

This study aimed to assess the impact of Covid 19 fear on general anxiety and wellbeing and death anxiety and compare people with anxiety spectrum disorders on perceived fear, autonomic anxiety symptoms, and death anxiety with those without these disorders.

Materials & Methods:

We recruited 36 participants with anxiety spectrum disorder (generalized anxiety disorder (n=6), obsessive-compulsive disorder (n=17), panic disorder (n=5) and mixed anxiety and depression (n=8) and 36 individuals free from any psychiatric illness. Tools used include General Health Questionnaire, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale.

Results:

A statistically significant correlation was noted between many variables in both the study groups. The regression analysis showed a significant difference in general well-being and anxiety & death anxiety in the clinical group. Study outcomes indicated that the current pandemic has triggered significant fear and anxiety in anxiety patients and among healthy controls and has triggered significant death anxiety in the clinical and healthy control group.

Conclusion:

The study showed that fear of covid-19 is a predictive factor for stress, death anxiety, and general well-being. These findings may be helpful to plan preventive measures, tailored intervention focusing on death anxiety and relapse plans effectively.
Postintensive Care Syndrome after Severe COVID-19 Respiratory Illness and Functional Outcomes
Authors: Narayanankutty Krishnaprasad Ittilavalappil , Ullah Sami , Hanif Saquib , Missaoui Mohamed Lamine , Saad Rafat Mohmamed Abdullah
Published: April 2022

Objective:

This study aimed to observe functional outcomes post coronavirus disease (COVID) rehabilitation in COVID-19 patients with postintensive care syndrome (PICS).

Methods:

We present 13 cases of severe COVID-19 pneumonia who required prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and were later admitted to our rehabilitation institute with features of PICS and functional disability, during the months of July and August 2020. All these patients underwent a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program and are the first group of patients successfully discharged to the community.

Results:

Among 13 patients presented, 11 were male patients and 2 were female, in the age range 34–64 years. Ten out of 13 patients had at least one chronic illness such as diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension, dyslipidemia, obstructive airway disease, and coronary artery disease, and seven among them had more than one illness. None of them had any known neuropsychiatric illnesses. All of them had severe pneumonia which required mechanical ventilation from 12 to 30 days and an average length of ICU stay of 36 days (Range 21–54 days). The most common impairments on rehabilitation admission were impaired exercise tolerance with poor scores in Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale and desaturation on 40-step walking test, as well as significant ICU acquired weakness with a Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score in the range of 30–46 out of 60. Eight out of 13 patients had critical illness myopathy and/or neuropathy diagnosed with neuro-electrodiagnostic testing. The average length of stay for the patients in rehabilitation was 36 days, with a range of 18–65 days.

Conclusion:

Early multidisciplinary rehabilitation has got a potential benefit in the functional outcome of COVID-19 survivors. More studies are required in this area to further evaluate the benefits of different rehabilitation interventions, their intensity, duration, long-term benefits, and to create guidelines for addressing similar situations in the future.
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) supplements improve quality of life and appetite in atherosclerosis patients
Authors: Ahmadikhatir Shonaz , Ostadrahimi Alireza , Safaiyan Abdolrasoul , Ahmadikhatir Shoyar , Farrin Nazila
Published: April 2022

Background:

Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of the cardiovascular disease. Saffron is a traditional food that affects many diseases and disorders. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the effects of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on quality of life (QOL) and appetite in patients with atherosclerosis.

Materials and Methods:

This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 63 participants with atherosclerosis were recruited from Emam Sajjad Hospital, Valiasr Hospital, and Zafaranieyh Clinic in Tehran, Iran. The participants were divided randomly into two groups. Participants received 100 mg/d saffron or placebo capsule for 6 weeks. QOL and appetite levels were measured by the McNew QOL questionnaire, and visual analog scale questionnaire, respectively. Furthermore, anthropometric indices of participants were measured before and after the intervention.

Results:

Statistical analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference between atherosclerosis patients who received placebo and those who consumed saffron in terms of the physical domain (P = 0.008) and social domain (P = 0.012) of QOL. In the saffron group increased score in Total score Macnew (P < 0.001), physical domain (P = 0.025), and social domain (P < 0.001) was significant after the intervention. Moreover, the consumption of saffron did not significantly affect emotional domains of QOL, and appetite levels

Conclusion:

Saffron may be considered as a novel agent in patients with atherosclerosis to improve the QOL. A great deal of further research will be needed to critically validate the efficacy of saffron and its mechanisms in atherosclerosis.
Hemoperfusion in combination with hemofiltration for acute severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning
Authors: Zhang Minghao , Zhang Wei , Zhao Shunzhong , Tian Xiaoxi , Fu Guoqiang , Wang Boliang
Published: April 2022

Background:

Acute severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (ASOPP) is one of the major diseases that endanger human life and health. However, the effects of conventional therapy including gastric lavages, mechanical ventilation, muscarinic antagonist drugs, and cholinesterase reactivators were uncertain. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of hemoperfusion combined with hemofiltration besides routine therapy for ASOPP.

Materials and Methods:

A comprehensive search for candidate publications was performed through PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, WanFang, Chinese Biomedical Literature, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from database inception to May 12, 2020. The retrieved studies were screened by the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data of important end points were extracted. The risk ratio (RR) and weighted mean difference (WMD) were pooled for categorical variables and continuous variables, respectively. Meta-analyses and publication bias were conducted by using STATA software version 15.1.

Results:

A total of 11 randomized controlled trials with 811 patients were included. Compared to conventional therapy group, patients in the hemoperfusion plus hemofiltration group were significantly superior with regard to mortality (RR 0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.25, 0.57], P < 0.001), total atropine dosing (WMD −147.34 mg, 95% CI [−199.49, −95.18], P < 0.001), duration of mechanical ventilation (WMD −2.34 days, 95% CI [−3.77, −0.92], P < 0.001), cholinesterase recovery time (WMD −2.49 days, 95% CI [−3.14, −1.83], P < 0.001), and length of stay (WMD −4.52 days, 95% CI [−5.31, −3.73], P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Combined hemoperfusion and hemofiltration was a very safe and effective treatment protocol for ASOPP, not only resulting in significantly decreased mortality but also resulting in reduced total atropine dosing, duration of mechanical ventilation, cholinesterase recovery time, and length of stay.
An Extremely Rare Case of Bonneau Syndrome with Novel Cardiac and Eye Manifestations
Authors: Aburawi Elhadi Husein , Dakilah Fozi
Published: April 2022

Bonneau or cardio-ducto-polysyndactyly syndrome is an extremely rare, life-threatening developmental defect, which has only been reported in eight patients previously. Here, we describe one such case of Bonneau syndrome in a newborn with additional novel manifestations. This late preterm (35 weeks of gestation) neonate born to parents of consanguineous marriage following a pregnancy complicated by polyhydramnios was symmetrically small for date at birth (<3rd centile for weight, length, and occipitofrontal circumference). She had the typical Bonneau syndrome features such as facial dysmorphism and polysyndactyly in addition to novel eye manifestations (microphthalmia, cataract, and vitreous hemorrhage) and cardiac defects such as D-transposition of the great arteries and pulmonary valve stenosis. The chromosomal study was normal (46, XX). The multiple congenital anomalies made the cardiac defects inoperable, and the patient died at the age of 16 days due to uncontrolled cardiac failure. A very high index of suspicion is required by pediatricians/neonatologists to identify this very rare syndrome based on presentation with known features.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Candidemia
Authors: Alhatmi Hind , Almansour Sarah , Abanamy Reem , Akbar Abdullah , Abalkhail Mohammed , Alharbi Ahmad , Alsaedy Abdulrahman , Mahmoud Ebrahim , Alalwan Bassam , AlJohani Sameera , Aldibasi Omar S. , Bosaeed Mohammad , Alothman Adel
Published: April 2022

Background:

Candida bloodstream infections cause significant excess morbidity and mortality in the health-care setting. There is limited evidence regarding Candida species causing invasive infections in Saudi Arabia.

Objective:

To identify Candida species causing bloodstream infection and determine the clinical outcome and factors associated with mortality in a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study included all cases of positive blood culture for Candida in patients admitted to King Abdulaziz Medical City, a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January 1, 2013 and June 30, 2019.

Results:

A total of 532 patients with candidemia were identified (male: 55.4%; mean age: 54 ± 26.2 years). The most common Candida species isolated was Candida albicans (26.7%), followed by Candida glabrata (22.7%), Candida parapsilosis (22.2%), and Candida tropicalis (18.4%). Non-albicans candidemia was more common in patients with diabetes (76.7%; P = 0.0560), neutropenia (89.8%; P = 0.0062), recent exposure to fluconazole (85.7%; P = 0.0394), and active chemotherapy (83.1%; P = 0.0128). In non-albicans, susceptibility to fluconazole varied from 95.9% with C. tropicalis to 41.5% with C. parapsilosis; nonetheless, all species were highly susceptible to echinocandins. The overall 30- and 90-day mortality rates were 39.9% and 56.4%, respectively. The mortality rate was nonsignificantly higher with non-albicans species at 30 days (41.2% vs. 35.9%; P = 0.2634) and 90 days (58.2% vs. 51.4%; P = 0.1620).

Conclusion:

This study found a changing pattern in the Candida species causing bloodstream infections and an epidemiological shift toward more non-albicans Candida species in Saudi Arabia.
Estimating the Workload of Driving Using Video Clips as Anchors
Authors: Green Paul
Published: April 2022

As new technology is added to vehicles and traffic congestion increases, there is a concern that drivers will be overloaded. As a result, there has been considerable interest in measuring driver workload. This can be achieved using many methods, with subjective assessments such as the NASA Task Loading Index (TLX) being most popular. Unfortunately, the TLX is unanchored, so there is no way to compare TLX values between studies, thus limiting the value of those evaluations. In response, a method was created to anchor overall workload ratings. To develop this method, 24 subjects rated the workload of clips of forward scenes collected while driving on rural, urban, and limited-access roads in relation to 2 looped anchor clips. Those clips corresponded to Level of Service (LOS) A and E (light and heavy traffic) and were assigned values of 2 and 6 respectively. Subjects said if they would perform any of 3 tasks—dialing a phone, manually tuning a radio, or entering a destination—while they were driving in each test scene. Finally, subjects provided other ratings for a wider range of situations (not shown in clips) to further examine the effects of road geometry, traffic, and other factors on workload. For each clip, vehicle dynamics data were available for the driven vehicle and the relationship of that vehicle to those in the scene. Using regression analysis, the rated workload (averaged across subjects) was estimated to be 8.87 - 3.01(LogMeanRange)+ 0.48(MeanTrafficCount)+ 2.05(MeanLongitudinalAcceleration), which accounted for 87% of the ratings, an extremely high value. In that expression, range is the distance from the subject’s front bumper to the lead vehicle rear bumper, mean traffic count is the mean number of vehicles visible in the road scene to radar, and the mean acceleration is that of the subject vehicle.
Derivation and validation of a prediction model to establish nursing-sensitive quality benchmarks in medical inpatients: a secondary data analysis of a prospective cohort study
Authors: Koch Daniel , Kutz Alexander , Volken Thomas , Gregoriano Claudia , Conca Antoinette , Kleinknecht-Dolf Michael , Schuetz Philipp , Mueller Beat
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Hospitals are using nursing-sensitive outcomes (NSOs) based on administrative data to measure and benchmark quality of nursing care in acute care wards. In order to facilitate comparisons between different hospitals and wards with heterogeneous patient populations, proper adjustment procedures are required. In this article, we first identify predictors for common NSOs in acute medical care of adult patients based on administrative data. We then develop and cross-validate an NSO-oriented prediction model.
METHODS: We used administrative data from seven hospitals in Switzerland to derive prediction models for each of the following NSO: hospital-acquired pressure ulcer (≥ stage II), hospital-acquired urinary tract infection, non-ventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia and in-hospital mortality. We used a split dataset approach by performing a random 80:20 split of the data into a training set and a test set. We assessed discrimination of the models by area under the receiver operating characteristic curves. Finally, we used the validated models to establish a benchmark between the participating hospitals.
RESULTS: We considered 36,149 hospitalisations, of which 51.9% were male patients with a median age of 73 years (with an interquartile range of 59–82). Age and length of hospital stay were independently associated with all four NSOs. The derivation and validation models showed a good discrimination in the training (AUC range: 0.75–0.84) and in the test dataset (AUC range: 0.77–0.81), respectively. Variation among different hospitals was relevant considering the risk for hospital-acquired pressure ulcer (≥ stage II) (adjusted Odds ratio [aOR] range: 0.51 [95% CI: 0.38–0.69] – 1.65 [95% CI: 1.33–2.04]), the risk for hospital-acquired urinary tract infection (aOR range: 0.46 [95% CI: 0.36–0.58] – 1.45 [95% CI: 1.31–1.62]), the risk for non-ventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia (aOR range: 0.28 [95% CI: 0.09–0.89] – 2.87 [95% CI: 2.27–3.64]), and the risk for in-hospital mortality (aOR range: 0.45 [95% CI: 0.36–0.56] – 1.39 [95% CI: 1.23–1.60]).
CONCLUSION: The application of risk adjustment when comparing nursing care quality is crucial and enables a more objective assessment across hospitals or wards with heterogeneous patient populations. This approach has potential to establish a set of benchmarks that could allow comparison of outcomes and quality of nursing care between different hospitals and wards.
The Swiss Approach – feasibility of a national low-dose CT lung cancer screening program
Authors: Jungblut Lisa , Von Garnier Christophe , Puhan Milo , Tomonaga Yuki , Kaufmann Cornel , Azzola Andrea , Bürgi Urs , Bremerich Jens , Brutsche Martin , Christe Andreas , Ebner Lukas , Heverhagen Johannes T , Eich Christine , Franzen Daniel , Schmitt-Opitz Isabelle , Schneiter Didier , Spieldenner Jörg , Horwarth Nigel , Kohler Malcolm , Weder Walter , Lovis Alban , Meuli Reto , Menig Matthias , Beigelmann-Aubry Catherine , Niemann Tilo , Stöhr Susanna , Vock Peter , Senn Oliver , Neuner-Jehle Stefan , Selby Kevin , Laures Simin , Ott Sebastian , Frauenfelder Thomas
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Switzerland. Despite this, there is no lung cancer screening program in the country. In the United States, low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening is partially established and endorsed by guidelines. Moreover, evidence is growing that screening reduces lung cancer-related mortality and this was recently shown in a large European randomized controlled trial. Implementation of a lung cancer screening program, however, is challenging and depends on many country-specific factors. The goal of this article is to outline a potential Swiss lung cancer screening program.
FRAMEWORK: An exhaustive literature review on international screening models as well as interviews and site visits with international experts were initiated. Furthermore, workshops and interviews with national experts and stakeholders were conducted to share experiences and to establish the basis for a national Swiss lung cancer screening program.
SCREENING APPROACH: General practitioners, pulmonologists and the media should be part of the recruitment process. Decentralisation of the screening might lead to a higher adherence rate. To reduce stigmatisation, the screening should be integrated in a “lung health check”. Standardisation and a common quality level are mandatory. The PLCOm2012 risk calculation model with a threshold of 1.5% risk for developing cancer in the next six years should be used in addition to established inclusion criteria. Biennial screening is preferred. LUNG RADS and NELSON+ are applied as classification models for lung nodules.
CONCLUSION: Based on data from recent studies, literature research, a health technology assessment, the information gained from this project and a pilot study the Swiss Interest Group for lung cancer screening (CH-LSIG) recommends the timely introduction of a systematic lung cancer screening program in Switzerland. The final decision is for the Swiss Cancer Screening Committee to make.
TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA LIÊN KẾT VÙNG ĐẾN SỰ HÀI LÒNG CỦA DOANH NGHIỆP FDI TẠI LONG AN: VAI TRÒ TRUNG GIAN CỦA MARKETING ĐỊA PHƯƠNG
Authors: MAI VĂN NHIỀU
Published: April 2022

Bài viết nhằm đánh giá tác động của liên kết vùng đến sự hài lòng của nhà đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài tại Long An với vai trò trung gian của marketing địa phương. Bài viết sử dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu tính kết hợp định lượng. Nghiên cứu định tính được thực hiện thông qua thảo luận nhóm tập trung cùng 10 nhà quản lý doanh nghiệp FDI nhằm điều chỉnh các biến quan sát. Nghiên cứu định lượng thông qua khảo sát 491 nhà quản lý doanh nghiệp FDI tại Long An. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy: (i) Sự hài lòng chịu tác động bởi: marketing địa phương (với hệ số Beta = 0,223), liên kết vùng (với hệ số Beta = 0,238); và (ii) Marketing địa phương chịu tác động bởi Liên kết vùng (với hệ số Beta = 0,367). Tuy nhiên, nghiên cứu cũng có một số hạn chế nhất định: (i) nghiên cứu chỉ thực hiện tại Long An, (ii), nghiên cứu chưa xem xét mối tương quan không gia giữa Tp.HCM, Tiền giang với Long An liên kết vùng.
MỐI QUAN HỆ NHÂN QUẢ GIỮA LỢI NHUẬN VÀ RỦI RO CỦA CÁC NGÂN HÀNG THƯƠNG MẠI VIỆT NAM
Authors: DƯƠNG THỊ ÁNH TIÊN
Published: April 2022

Nghiên cứu phân tích mối quan hệ nhân quả giữa lợi nhuận và rủi ro ngân hàng. Dữ liệu nghiên cứu bao gồm 32 ngân hàng ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam, giai đoạn 2002-2020. Lợi nhuận được đo lường bằng chỉ số ROA và ROE. Rủi ro được xem xét bởi chỉ số Zscore. Tác giả sử dụng  phương pháp ước lượng PVAR và kiểm định nhân quả Granger Causality để ước lượng mô hình. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, luôn tồn tại mối quan hệ nhân quả hai chiều giữa lợi nhuận (ROA) và rủi ro ngân hàng. Tuy nhiên, chỉ tồn tại mối quan hệ nhân quả một chiều giữa lợi nhuận ROE lên rủi ro tín dụng và không xảy ra chiều tác động ngược lại. Kết quả này đưa ra một số hàm ý chính sách thiết thực cho nhà đầu tư, nhà quản trị ngân hàng.
CÁC CHỈ SỐ TÀI CHÍNH: CƠ SỞ ĐỂ ĐÁNH GIÁ THÀNH QUẢ HOẠT ĐỘNG CỦA CÁC NGÂN HÀNG VIỆT NAM
Authors: NGUYỄN NGỌC KHÁNH DUNG
Published: April 2022

Chỉ số tài chính được áp dụng phổ biến trong phân tích tình hình kinh doanh, hoạt động nhằm đánh giá thành quả đạt được của một tổ chức và đặc biệt quan trọng đối với các tổ chức tín dụng hoặc ngân hàng khi mà các đơn vị này cần cập nhật tình hình tài chính hàng ngày. Tuy nhiên, thách thức không nằm ở công việc tính toán các chỉ số tài chính cụ thể mà là việc lựa chọn được chỉ số nào đại diện phản ánh xác thực, kịp thời tình hình tài chính, kết quả hoạt động, mức độ ổn định và thành công của mỗi ngân hàng. Không có nhiều nghiên cứu chỉ ra và chứng tỏ tầm quan trọng của các chỉ số tài chính được dùng để đánh giá thành quả hoạt động tài chính của ngân hàng. Nghiên cứu nhằm mục đích xem xét tương quan của 06 chỉ số tài chính bao gồm tỷ lệ dự trữ thanh khoản, tỷ lệ nợ xấu, hệ số an toàn vốn, tỷ lệ vốn chủ sở hữu, tỷ lệ chi phí hoạt động, quy mô ngân hàng là các biến giải thích với biến phụ thuộc là thành quả hoạt động của ngân hàng. Nghiên cứu sử dụng dữ liệu thứ cấp là các báo cáo thường niên của 19 ngân hàng niêm yết trên sàn HORSE, HNX và UPCOM từ năm 2015 đến năm 2019. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có tương quan tuyến tính giữa 03 chỉ số tài chính đối với thành quả hoạt động của ngân hàng niêm yết ở Việt Nam. Trong đó, chỉ số tài chính tỷ lệ vốn chủ sở hữu/tổng tài sản (CAP) có tác động tích cực đến thành quả hoạt động, trong khi hệ số an toàn vốn (CAR) và hệ số chi phí hoạt động trên thu nhập hoạt động (CIR) có tác động tiêu cực. Điều này hàm ý rằng các ngân hàng thương mại nếu muốn tăng trưởng nhanh dựa trên quy mô mà vẫn đáp ứng mức độ an toàn vốn cần có giải pháp song trùng như vừa tăng cường tiết giảm chi phí hoạt động, vừa lựa chọn tỷ lệ an toàn vốn tối ưu phù hợp với quy mô của ngân hàng.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA VỐN HOẠT ĐỘNG THUẦN ĐẾN KHẢ NĂNG SINH LỜI CỦA CÁC DOANH NGHIỆP NGÀNH XÂY DỰNG NIÊM YẾT TẠI VIỆT NAM
Authors: LÊ THỊ THANH MỸ  , LÊ THỊ THANH NHẬT
Published: April 2022

Với dữ liệu được thu thập từ Báo cáo tài chính đã được kiểm toán của 38 doanh nghiệp ngành xây dựng niêm yết trên Sở giao dịch chứng khoán Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh và Sở giao dịch chứng khoán Hà Nội trong 5 năm 2015-2019, cùng với các mô hình nghiên cứu bao gồm hồi quy nhỏ nhất, mô hình sai phân bậc 1, mô hình tác động cố định, mô hình tác động ngẫu nhiên và mô hình momen tổng quát, nhóm tác giả đã kiểm định mối quan hệ giữa vốn hoạt động thuần với khả năng sinh lời thông qua hai chỉ tiêu là hệ số đảm nhiệm vốn hoạt động thuần (WCR) và ROA. Kết quả phân tích cho thấy rằng giữa hệ số đảm nhiệm vốn hoạt động thuần (WCR) và khả năng sinh lời của đơn vị có mối quan hệ phi tuyến tính, cụ thể là theo hình chữ U ngược và tại đó sẽ có một giá trị của WCR mà khả năng sinh lời của doanh nghiệp là tối ưu nhất.
SEQUENTIAL ORDER IN NIGHT AND DAY WORDS
Authors: UÇAR İlhan
Published: April 2022

Humans have been waiting for the enlightenment of darkness for a long time. They also tried to be a light to the night when the illumination, that is, the end of the night and the beginning of the day, was not enough. The concepts of night and day have found their place as words in every language and literature. Gece ve gündüz in Turkish, daytime and night in English, Tag und Nacht in German, Den' i noch' (День и ночь) in Russian, leyl and nehâr (ليل نهار ) in Arabic, rûz and şeb (روز و شب) in Persian. The concepts of night and day have started to be processed in Turkish language culture since our first written works. In Kokturk inscriptions, Bilge Kağan's " Öd tengri yaşar kişi oglı kop ölgeli törümiş." That is, “God lives in time, human beings are always descended/created to die.” The limited framework of the concept of time, whose philosophy has been revealed in the sentence, reveals the words tün and kün, that is, night and day. In other words, tün and kün have shown themselves in proverbs, stories, tales, poems, folk songs and many other oral/written genres for centuries day and night. In the Turkish language and culture, night has always found its place first, and the day has been the follower and illuminator of the night. However, this situation may vary in different languages and cultures. Keywords: time, day and night, semantics, concept science
SEMANTİC ENHANCEMENT OF LEGAL TERMINOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF OLD TURKISH TEXTS
Authors: GULİYEVA Gatibe
Published: April 2022

Numerous terms used in the context of Old Turkish texts, especially in the language of Old Uyghur official-legal documents and civil documents, indicate that the Turkish legal language has an ancient history. The texts formed in different alphabets, writing systems and various environments during the Uyghur Khaganate and later periods are valuable sources that shed light on the history of our language. Although these texts have always been at the center of attention of researchers, the language of legal documents, official documents, the vocabulary of texts with legal and official meanings, the ways of derivation of words have not been studied extensively and comprehensively. The researches were mostly carried out in the context of syntax or thematic regions, and the language composition of the language of the documents was not evaluated according to its lexical-semantic, morphological structure and origin. The naming and derivation ways of legal concepts and understandings regarding the official-business style, the nomenclature and processes of words belonging to general usage should be put forward in the context of the texts, and the issues of forming terms through the language's own means or quotations should be examined in the light of historical facts. Vocabulary of Old Turkish Texts reveals that legal terms are derived in two ways: the language's own possibilities and quotations. Considering the structure and grammatical rules of Turkish, we can classify legal terms as a) semantic, b) morphological, c) syntactic, d) kalka, e) abbreviation of words. These derivational ways, which have different functionality in various periods, are also followed in the language of official-legal documents in old Uyghur language. In this paper, in the light of old Turkish legal documents, the terminology is discussed in a semantic way, in this method, which is one of the most efficient and first ways of word derivation, the position of polysemy (polysemy), the transition of words from general use to specific use - term by changing their meaning, the semantic expansion of the word are examined. manifestations have been studied. Key words: Old Turkish, Official-business style, Law, Terminology, Word derivation, Semantics
AN ADVENTURE TO CHANGE THE SİDES: SİEGFRİED LENZ (THE TURNCOAT)
Authors: ŞAHİN YILMAZ Zennube
Published: April 2022

Siegfried Lenz has always been among the popular writers as one of the important writers of German Writing, with his works covering both post-war and contemporary literature. Lenz, with his works translated into many languages, has also become an important name in World Literature. The author, who handles the subjects he has written quite successfully with both his language and the way of transmission, has opened the doors of both a historical process and his own philosophy of life to the readers. The novel named "The Safer Changer" that we discuss in this study is an important product both the author's own philosophy of life and the literary World. In this novel, the author deals with the situations of war, front and soldiers in the front in great detail and he reflected the effects of the war without a mediator, with a kind of questioning method of figures themselves. Keywords; Ideological Engagement, political judgment, individual choice
EXAMPLE OF INTERPRETING THE PAZIRIK CARPET PATTERN IN SUITABLE WITH FUTURIST ART CURRENT PROCESSES AND INSPIRED DESIGN EXAMPLE
Authors: ÇORUH Ebru , TERLEMEZ İlknur
Published: April 2022

Futurism, which defends technology, ignores the past, rejects museums, praises the machine, and is the biggest of the roads leading to abstract art, is constantly in pursuit of freedom and innovation. Futurism is a movement that emphasizes dynamic energy in the field of design, literature and art. Futurists have been influential in many fields of art such as architecture, music and fashion in order to change the world. The Pazirik carpet, which conveys the traces of the past as a message to the future, contains traces of the futurist art movement with the meanings found in the motifs. The motifs found on the pazirik carpet, which were discovered in the fifth kurgan on the foothills of the Altai Mountains, inspired the works created by adopting a futuristic understanding of art, and the products produced in the field of fashion and textile design. In this context, futuristic, dynamic, ostentatious and technology-used products have been given in the field of fashion and textile design, where works are given with a futuristic understanding of art. The aim of this study is to use three-dimensional printer technology in the field of fashion and textile design, to give information about the stages of the fashion product produced using three-dimensional printer technology, to interpret the pazirik carpet, which carries the traces of the past in the motifs on it, by adopting a futuristic understanding, and to use the product with three-dimensional printers called the technology of the future. by making the design and placing it on the ready-made garment. With a futuristic approach, the idea of reinterpreting the pazyryk carpet pattern and obtaining original designs is aimed to inspire designers and researchers who work in the field of fashion and textile design. Keywords: Pazırık carpet, carpet motifs, futurism, three(3) dimensional printer