bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME ALKOXO-BRIDGED BINUCLEAR COPPER(II) COMPLEXES WITH SULFUR-CONTAINING LIGANDS
Authors: Mikuriya Masahiro , Aihara Makoto , Nishi Yumiko , Okawa Hisashi , Kida Sigeo
Published: July 2006

Electrochemical properties of alkoxo-bridged binuclear copper(II) complexes with sulfur-containing tridentate ligands, Cu{RS(CH2)2NH(CH2)3O}ClO4 and Cu{R2N(CH2)2S(CH2) 2O}X (R=alkyl; X=Cl, Br), were investigated. The former showed a two-electron reduction, Cu(II)–Cu(II)→Cu(I)–Cu(I), near −0.2 V (vs. SCE), while the latter showed two one-electron reductions at ∼0.2 and −0.3∼−0.6 V (vs. SCE): Cu(II)–Cu(II)→Cu(II)–Cu(I)→Cu(I)–Cu(I).
OXIDATION OF ALKANES AND ALKENES BY N2O OVER UV IRRADIATED MgO
Authors: Yun Chebock , Anpo Masakazu , Mizokoshi Yasuo , Kubokawa Yutaka
Published: July 2006

The reactions occurring under UV irradiation of a mixture of N2O and alkanes or alkenes over MgO have been investigated. From the distribution of the products it is concluded that the oxygen species responsible for the reactions are O− ions. In disagreement with the results of the reactions of O− ions reported by Lunsford et al., in the case of alkanes most of the alkene formation proceeds at room temperature and in the reactions of 2-C4H8 the dehydrogenation is not the major reaction.
SELECTIVITY OF PALLADIUM AND PLATINUM CATALYSTS IN THE HYDROGENOLYSIS OF 4-HYDROXY- AND 4-METHOXYCYCLOHEXANONES
Authors: Teratani Shousuke , Chihara Teiji
Published: July 2006

Hydrogenolysis of 1,4-cyclohexanedione, 4-hydroxycyclohexanone and 4-methoxycyclohexanone has been studied using palladium and platinum as catalysts. Palladium cleaves the C–O single bond while platinum cleaves the C=0 double bond preferentially.
STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF CATIONIC REVERSED MICELLES AS STUDIED BY NMR IN THE PRESENCE OF CUPRIC CHLORIDE
Authors: Kondo Hiroki , Hamada Tomiko , Yamamoto Shinji , Sunamoto Junzo
Published: July 2006

Cupric chloride enhances solubilization of water into hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride micelles in chloroform to a great extent. The NMR signals of water protons and N-methyl protons of the surfactant are extremely broad at low water concentrations in the presence of 31 mM cupric chloride. However, they become sharper with the increase in water concentration, indicating the decreased interaction of cupric ion with the surfactant and water in the micellar core.
HIGH-PRESSURE SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF Eu(II)-METABORATES
Authors: Machida Ken-ichi , Adachi Gin-ya , Shiokawa Jiro , Shimada Masahiko , Koizumi Mitsue
Published: July 2006

High-pressure treatments of Eu(II)-metaborate, EuB2O4, were made and several new phases of EuB2O4 were obtained. The resulting phases were characterized by X-ray analysis, magnetic susceptibility and luminescent spectral measurements.
STEREOCHEMICAL STUDY ON THE REACTION OF COBALOXIME(I) WITH 2-SUBSTITUTED CYCLOHEXYL HALIDES. EVIDENCE FOR AN ELECTRON TRANSFER MECHANISM
Authors: Okabe Masami , Tada Masaru
Published: July 2006

Reaction of cobaloxime (I) , (CoI)−, with 2-hydroxy- (1a and 1b) and 2-alkoxycyclohexyl halides (1c–1h) gave 2-hydroxy- and 2-alkoxycyclohexyl cobaloximes (III) (2 and 3) . Stereochemistry of the organocobaloxime was independent of the configuration of the starting halides. 2-Allyloxycyclohexyl halides (6a and 6b) gave the organocobaloxime having 9-methyl-7-oxabicyclo[4,3,0]nonane moiety. These results show the radical intermediates formed by an electron transfer from cobaloxime(I) to the halides.
SELECTIVE FORMOSE REACTION CATALYZED BY DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
Authors: Matsumoto Toshihiko , Komiyama Makoto , Inoue Shohei
Published: July 2006

Selective formose reactions were achieved by diethylaminoethanol as catalyst at 100°C in the presence and the absence of d-fructose as co-catalyst. The reaction in the presence of the co-catalyst gave 2-hydroxymethylglycerol and other three main products in high yields, whereas in its absence pentaerythritol was the sole product.
OPTICALLY ACTIVE PERFLUORO-2-PROPOXYPROPIONIC ACID
Authors: Kawa Hajimu , Ishikawa Nobuo
Published: July 2006

The diastereomeric amides prepared from (±)-perfluoro-2-propoxypropionyl fluoride and (−)-l-phenylethyl amine were separated chromatographically, and subsequent hydrolysis of each amide gave (+) and (−)-perfluoro-2-propoxypropionic acids, the first example of optically active and enantiomeric perfluorocarboxylic acids.
LIGHT-INDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER FROM PHEOPHYTIN a TO QUINONE STUDIED BY CIDNP TECHNIQUE — A SIMULATION OF THE PRIMARY PROCESS IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Authors: Maruyama Kazuhiro , Furuta Hiroyuki , Otsuki Tetsuo
Published: July 2006

Strong CIDNP indicating the electron-transfer from pheophytin a to quinone was observed upon illumination of a methanol solution of pheophytin a and quinone. The intensities of the CIDNP signals are dependent upon the concentration of added acid.
THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF CYCLOOCTA-1,5-DIENE-4-DIPHENYLPHOSPHINO-2-DIPHENYLPHOSPHINOMETHYLPYRROLIDINE(PPM)-RHODIUM(I) PERCHLORATE
Authors: Ohga Yoko , Iitaka Yoichi , Achiwa Kazuo
Published: July 2006

The crystal structure of the title compound which has almost no chiral activity in hydrogenation reaction was determined by X-ray diffraction method. The coordination of the rhodium ion was found to be a trigonal bipyramid, the apices being occupied by a diene group and an imino group of the pyrrolidine ring.
A DIRECT PHENYLSELENENYLATION OF ALKYL HALIDES, ALKENYL SULFONATES, AND EPOXIDES BY AN ELECTROREDUCTION OF DIPHENYL DISELENIDE
Authors: Torii Sigeru , Inokuchi Tsutomu , Asanuma Goro , Sayo Noboru , Tanaka Hideo
Published: July 2006

A convenient procedure for phenylselenenylation of alkyl halides, alkenyl sulfonates, and epoxides with phenyl selenide anion was accomplished by electroreduction of diphenyl diselenide in a protic solvent.
ORGANIC METALS: FILMS OF AsF5 DOPED POLY-4,4′-BIPHENYLENE
Authors: Tanaka Masashi , Watanabe Atsushi , Fujimoto Hitoshi , Tanaka Jiro
Published: July 2006

Metallic film of poly-4,4′-biphenylene is prepared by the AsF5 oxidation and the conductivity of AsF5 doped film is measured as a function of temperature. The maximum conductivity at 295 K of the heavily doped film becomes σ295K ≅6 Ω−1 cm−1, although the conductivity for the undoped material is less than 10−4 Ω−1 cm−1. The film doped for one day under 300 mmHg of AsF5 gas is metallic between 295 and 250 K.
SUCCESSIVE SHORT GLYCYL SEQUENCE PROHIBITING FORMATION OF ASSOCIATED β-STRUCTURE IN THE PRECIPITATION
Authors: Katakai Ryoichi
Published: July 2006

A peptide consisting of l-alanine and l-leucine, Nps-(l-Leu-l-Leu-l-Ala)4-OEt takes β-Structure in spite of its peptide length above the critical peptide length for the formation of α-helix in the solid state. Introduction of successive short glycyl residues to the terminal position of the peptide prevents the formation of the β-structure to develop the α-helix of the peptide.
EFFECT OF GUEST CATION ON THE PHOTOREACTIVITY OF THE PYRAZINE DERIVATIVES HAVING CROWN ETHER MOIETY
Authors: Tada Masaru , Hamazaki Hirohide , Hirano Hideki
Published: July 2006

Irradiation of the acetonitrile solution of 4′-(5,6-dicyanopyrazin-2-yl)benzo-15-crown-5 (1) or 4-(5,6-dicyanopyrazin-2-yl)-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (2) in the presence of triethylamine gave monodecyano-derivative (3 or 4) and bisdecyano-derivative (5 or 6). Sodium ion stimulates the reaction of the crown ether derivative.
ELECTROLYTIC OXIDATION OF FERROCENE IN THE PRESENCE OF TRACE AMOUNTS OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN
Authors: Sato Masanori , Yamada Takeshi , Nishimura Akira
Published: July 2006

Ferricinium ion formed by the electrolytic oxidation of ferrocene in polar aprotic solvents is very sensitive to the presence of trace amounts of dissolved oxygen. By the use of current reversal chronopotentiometry and cyclic voltammetry, it was shown that a part of ferricinium ion rapidly decomposes according to unknown chemical processes.
PREPARATION OF α,β-UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ESTERS BY THE REACTION OF ACI-NITROESTERS WITH ETHOXYCARBONYLMETHYLENETRIPHENYLPHOSPHORANE
Authors: Mitsunobu Oyo , Kimura Junji , Shimizu Tatsuhiko , Kawashima Atsushi
Published: July 2006

The reaction of ethoxycarbonylmethylenetriphenylphosphorane with aci-nitroesters derived from 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-nitrophenol and alcohols afforded α,β-unsaturated carboxylic esters. When mono-aci-nitroester of 1,3-butanediol or 1,6-hexanediol was used, (E)-ethyl 5-hydroxy-2-hexenoate or (E)-ethyl 8-hydroxy-2-octenoate was obtained.
PALLADIUM(II)-CATALYZED CYCLIZATION OF γ-BENZYL GLUTAMATE WITH FORMATION OF BENZALDEHYDE
Authors: Odani Akira , Yamauchi Osamu
Published: July 2006

γ-Benzyl glutamate in water at neutral pH undergoes palladium(II)-catalyzed cyclization with oxidation of the ester bond to give pyroglutamic acid, benzaldehyde, and palladium metal. The reaction is specific for γ-benzyl glutamate and not observed for β-benzyl aspartate and γ-methyl glutamate.
REGIOCHEMICAL CONTROL IN THE 1,2-CARBONYL TRANSPOSITION OF α,α′-DIMETHYLENE SYSTEMS THROUGH REGIOSELECTIVE SULFENYLATION OF TOSYLHYDRAZONE DIANIONS
Authors: Mimura Tetsuya , Nakai Takeshi
Published: July 2006

The regiochemical outcomes are described in the 1,2-carbonyl shift of α,α′-dimethylene systems which relies upon the regioselective sulfenylation of tosylhydrazone dianions leading to the enol thioethers of transposed ketones. Notably, a high regiospecificity was obtained with β-methyl- and β,β-dimethylcyclohexanone without any attempts to separate the stereoisomers of the hydrazones.
LASER-PHOTOLYSIS STUDY OF BIRADICAL FORMATION FROM THE TRIPLET STATE OF 2,4,6-TRIISOPROPYLBENZOPHENONE
Authors: Hayashi Hisaharu , Nagakura Saburo , Ito Yoshikatsu , Umehara Yasutoshi , Matsuura Teruo
Published: July 2006

Intramolecular biradical formation from the triplet state of 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzophenone was studied by the ns laser-photolysis technique. The transient absorption spectra of the triplet state and the biradical were measured and their lifetimes were determined to be 225±13 ns and 17±2 μs in acetonitrile, respectively.
PREPARATION AND RESOLUTION OF THE fac-TRIS(2-AMINOETHYLDIMETHYLPHOSPHINE)COBALT(III) COMPLEX AND THE ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION OF ITS (+)589-ISOMER DETERMINED BY X-RAY ANALYSIS
Authors: Kinoshita Isamu , Kashiwabara Kazuo , Fujita Junnosuke , Matsumoto Keiji , Ooi Shun’ichiro
Published: July 2006

A new lemon-yellow fac-[Co{NH2CH2CH2P(CH3)2}3]Br3·3H2O complex was prepared and resolved into enantiomers by SP-Sephadex column chromatography. The absolute configuration of the (+)589-isomer was determined by the X-ray method to be Δ-configuration.
FACILE SCHIFF BASE FORMATION BETWEEN PYRIDOXAL AND AMINO ACID IN REVERSED MICELLES
Authors: Kondo Hiroki , Yoshinaga Hiroyuki , Sunamoto Junzo
Published: July 2006

Schiff base formation between pyridoxal and alanine, arginine or methionine is facilitated by a factor of 10–100 in 0.10 M. AOT/ 0.33 M H2O/1.5 mM NaOH/CCl4 reversed micelles compared with that in aqueous media. There are two species of the Schiff base present in the system, one being the ionized form (SB 1) and the other un-ionized form (SB 2) with respect to the azomethin and phenolic hydroxyl groups. The former is predominant for alanine and arginine, while the latter is favored by methionine.
THE EFFECT OF EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE PHOTOINDUCED SUBSTITUTION REACTION OF 1-ISOQUINOLINECARBONITRILE
Authors: Hata Norisuke , Yamada Yukio
Published: July 2006

The photosubstitution reaction of 1-isoquinolinecarbonitrile in ethanol was found to be subject to a magnetic field effect due to the Δg mechanism. The result suggests that the reaction proceeds predominantly via the formation of triplet radical pair subsequent to hydrogen abstraction by the triplet nitrile from the solvent, although it does not exclude the singlet reaction pathway.
HYDROALUMINATION OF ALLYL ALCOHOLS AND ETHERS BY LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF ZIRCONIUM CATALYST
Authors: Sato Fumie , Tomuro Yasuji , Ishikawa Hiroaki , Sato Masao
Published: July 2006

Allyl alcohols and ethers were readily hydroaluminated by LiAlH4 in the presence of zirconium compounds to give organoaluminum compounds in which the aluminum atom is placed at the terminal position of the substrate. ZrCl4 was the most effective catalyst for hydroalumination of allyl alcohols, whilst Cp2ZrCl2 was more effective than ZrCl4 for allyl ethers.
THE STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF d- AND l-RIBOSE
Authors: Yamaguchi Masahiko , Mukaiyama Teruaki
Published: July 2006

The allylcadmium compound, prepared in situ from 2-allyloxybenzimidazole, reacts with 2,3-O-isopropylidene-d and l-glyceraldehyde in highly regio- and stereoselective manner to give the corresponding enantiomeric adducts. The adducts are futher transformed to d- and l-ribose, respectively, by a four-steps process.
X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON AND AUGER ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF Mg-MONTMORILLONITE
Authors: Seyama Haruhiko , Soma Mitsuyuki
Published: July 2006

Deconvolution of X-ray excited Mg Is photoelectron and Auger (KL23L23) electron spectra of Mg-montmorillonite into the spectra of the exchangeable and non-exchangeable skeletal magnesium of the clay revealed considerable difference in the electronic state for magnesium of the two origins. The chemical state of the exchangeable magnesium in montmorillonite was similar to that of magnesium in magnesium fluoride and chloride.
A NEW POWERFUL AND SELECTIVE REDUCING AGENT SODIUM BOROHYDRIDE-PALLADIUM CHLORIDE SYSTEM
Authors: Satoh Toshio , Mitsuo Naoki , Nishiki Mayumi , Nanba Kenryo , Suzuki Shuichi
Published: July 2006

A new reducing agent, sodium borohydride-palladium chloride system reduces aryl ketones, aryl chlorides, and benzylic alcohols to corresponding hydrocarbons. It also reduces hindered steroidal ketones to alcohols in good yields.
REACTION OF TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE-CARBON TETRAHALIDE REAGENT WITH α-KETO-γ-LACTONE
Authors: Suda Minoru , Fukushima Asako
Published: July 2006

Triphenylphosphine-carbon tetrahalide reagent reacts with 4,4-dimethyloxolan-2,3-dione to afford two dihalomethyleneoxolanes, 8 and 9. The major reaction course can be changed by the addition order of the reagents. Reaction mechanisms are discussed.
FACILE SYNTHESIS OF DIALKYL FLUOROMALONATES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES
Authors: Ishikawa Nobuo , Takaoka Akio
Published: July 2006

Dimethyl and diethyl fluoromalonates were prepared by the stepwise basic alcoholysis of hexafluoropropene in a total yield of 50–55%. These dialkyl fluoromalonates were alkylated with alkyl halides, and the resulting dialkyl α-fluoroalkylmalonates were cyclized with urea affording 5-fluorobarbituric acid derivatives.
APPLICATION OF THE WATER-GAS SHIFT REACTION. REDUCTION OF NITROBENZENES WITH CO AND H2O CATALYZED BY Ru(II) COMPLEXES
Authors: Okano Tamon , Fujiwara Kensuke , Konishi Hisatoshi , Kiji Jitsuo
Published: July 2006

The ionic complex [Ru(cod)py4](BPh4)2 (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene, py=pyridine) has been shown to be an efficient catalyst for the reduction of nitrobenzenes with carbon monoxide and water, which gives anilines selectively.
(−)-LEPIDOZENAL, A SESQUITERPENOID WITH A NOVEL TRANS-FUSED BICYCLO[8.1.0]UNDECANE SYSTEM FROM THE LIVERWORT LEPIDOZIA VITREA
Authors: Matsuo Akihiko , Kubota Naoji , Nakayama Mitsuru , Hayashi Shûichi
Published: July 2006

A sesquiterpene aldehyde, (−)-lepidozenal, having a novel trans-fused bicyclo[8.1.0]undecane carbon skeleton has been isolated from the liverwort Lepidozia vitvea, and its structure and absolute configuration have been shown to be (6S,7R)-lepidoza-1(10)E,4E-dien-14-al, on the basis of the chemical and spectral evidence.
SKELETAL REARRANGEMENT OF 2,5-DIARYL-1,4-DITHIIN-1-OXIDES INDUCED BY HYDROCHLORIC ACID
Authors: Kobayashi Keiji , Mutai Kiyoshi
Published: July 2006

Treatment of 2,5-diphenyl-1,4-dithiin-1-oxide with hydrochloric acid in dioxane caused a novel skeletal rearrangement to give 2-benzoyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dithiole together with the deoxygenation products. The reaction with gaseous hydrogen chloride in methanol afforded the adduct due to the additive Pummerer rearrangement, which was also converted into the 1,3-dithiole.
A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF 2-DEOXY-d- RIBOSE
Authors: Harada Taira , Mukaiyama Teruaki
Published: July 2006

Successive treatment of allyltin difluoroiodide, formed in situ by the oxidative addition of stannous fluoride to allyliodide, with 1,2-O-isopropylidene-d-glyceraldehyde and phenoxyacetyl chloride results in the predominant formation of erythro homoallylester, which is in turn converted into 2-deoxy-d-ribose.
A NOVEL CLEAVAGE WITH NITRIC ACID OF POLYMETHYLATED DIBENZYL SELENIDES AND SELENOXIDES
Authors: Suzuki Hitomi , Ohnishi Kazumasa
Published: July 2006

When treated with nitric acid at low temperature, the title selenides and selenoxides undergo a novel cleavage reaction to give the corresponding benzyl nitrates and elemental selenium.
DIARYL TELLURIDES FROM THE REACTION OF MODERATELY ACTIVATED IODOARENES WITH BENZENETELLUROLATE ION IN HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORIC TRIAMIDE
Authors: Suzuki Hitomi , Abe Hisako , Ohmasa Nobuko , Osuka Atsuhiro
Published: July 2006

When heated in hexamethylphosphoric triamide at 80–90°C, preferably in the presence of copper(I) iodide, moderately activated iodoarenes undergo nucleophilic attack by benzenetellurolate ion, giving the corresponding unsymmetrical diaryl tellurides in fair to good yields.
CATIONIC CYCLIZATION OF GERANONITRILE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS VIA THEIR BROMOHYDRINS: APPLICATION TO THE SYNTHESIS OF (±)-SNYDEROLS
Authors: Murai Akio , Abiko Atsushi , Kato Koji , Masamune Tadashi
Published: July 2006

Cationic cyclization of bromohydrins of geranonitrile and homogeranonitrile in the presence of boron trifluoride complexes proceeded smoothly, giving mixtures of bromo cyclic olefins in satisfactory yields. This cyclization method was applied to the synthesis of (±)-snyderols.
REVERSIBLE HELIX REVERSION INDUCED BY LIGHT IN POLYASPARTATES WITH SMALL AMOUNTS OF PHOTOCHROMIC SIDE CHAINS
Authors: Ueno Akihiko , Takahashi Keiko , Anzai Jun-ichi , Osa Tetsuo
Published: July 2006

In mixed solvents of 1,2-dichloroethane and trimethyl phosphate, the copolymer 1 containing 8 mol % of azo groups exhibits a drastic conformational change from left-handed helix to right-handed helix by photoirradiation.
METAL COMPLEX MEDIATED ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEM
Authors: Maruyama Kazuhiro , Tsukube Hiroshi
Published: July 2006

A series of bathophenanthroline metal complexes effectively mediated electron transport, coupled with their redox properties.
MEASUREMENT OF THE ACID AMOUNT AND STRENGTH OF MORDENITES BY THE TEMPERATURE-PROGRAMMED DESORPTION OF AMMONIA
Authors: Itoh Hirofumi , Hattori Tadashi , Murakami Yuichi
Published: July 2006

Temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia on mordenites has been examined. The amount and strength of acid sites of mordenites can be quantitatively determined by the TPD method. The strong acid sites of H-mordenite are selectively ion-exchanged with potassium ions.
A SIMPLE SYNTHESIS OF α,β-UNSATURATED CARBONYL COMPOUNDS BY TRAPPING THE MICHAEL ADDITION-ENOLATE ANION WITH METHANESULFINYL CHLORIDE
Authors: Fujisawa Tamotsu , Noda Atsunari , Kawara Tatsuo , Sato Toshio
Published: July 2006

Trapping of an enolate anion, formed by the Michael addition, with methanesulfinyl chloride and subsequent desulfinylation is found to be a useful method for the synthesis of various α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Synthetic utility of this method is demonstrated in the synthesis of geraniol, nerol, farnesol, and dihydrojasmone.
ACTIVATION OF POLYHALOALKANES BY PALLADIUM CATALYST. FACILE ADDITION OF POLYHALOALKANES TO OLEFINS
Authors: Tsuji Jiro , Sato Koji , Nagashima Hideo
Published: July 2006

Addition reaction of CCl4, CCl3Br, and CCl3CO2Me to olefins proceeded under mild conditions to afford 1 : 1 adduct in high yields by using palladium–phosphine complexes as a catalyst in the presence of bases. The reaction proceeded even at room temperature.
PHOTOFRAGMENTATION REACTIONS OF THIOCARBONYL COMPOUNDS
Authors: Muthuramu K , Ramamurthy V
Published: July 2006

Preferential yield of ring expansion and rearrangement products through α-cleavage of tetramethyl-3-thio-1,3-cyclobutanedione (1) and 3-mercapto-2,2,4-trimethyl-3-pentenoic acid β-(thio lactone) (2) involving diradical and carbene has been observed upon photolysis of 1 and 2.
ONE-POT CYCLIZATION OF A PEPTIDE BY THE USE OF (5-NITROPYRIDYL)DIPHENYL PHOSPHINATE: THE SYNTHESIS OF CYCLIC DECAPEPTIDE GRAMICIDIN S
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Kamekawa Kenichi , Watanabe Yutaka
Published: July 2006

One-pot synthesis of gramicidin S, cyclic decapeptide, was successfully achieved by treatment of the corresponding linear decapeptide with (5-nitropyridyl)diphenyl phosphinate, a new condensing reagent, in pyridine. Similarly, the phosphinic ester can be successfully employed in the Young test as well as syntheses of dipeptides.
TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF NEOMETHYNOLIDE
Authors: Inanaga Junji , Kawanami Yasuhiro , Yamaguchi Masaru
Published: July 2006

(+)-Neomethynolide, the aglycone of a twelve-membered ring macrolide, neomethymycin, was totally synthesized via its 8,9-didehydro derivative. The synthesis also established the stereochemistry of neomethynolide at C-10, C-11, C-12, and 8,9-double bond which had remained unproved.
HOMOLOGATION OF METHANOL CATALYZED BY MIXED TRANSITION METAL CLUSTERS CONTAINING COBALT
Authors: Hidai Masanobu , Orisaku Masami , Ue Makoto , Uchida Yasuzo , Yasufuku Katsutoshi , Yamazaki Hiroshi
Published: July 2006

Syntheses of mixed transition metal clusters containing cobalt and their catalytic activities for homologation of methanol were investigated. The reaction of RuCl3 with Na[Co(CO)4] gave a reddish brown complex Na [RuCo3(CO)12]. The cluster easily underwent a cation exchange to give the Cs+ and [Et4N]+ salts. These clusters showed a remarkable catalytic activity for homologation of methanol. The selectivity of ethanol was increased up to 51% in ca. 40% conversion in case of [Et4N]+ salt. Catalytic activities of some other mixed metal clusters were also examined.
RAMAN CIRCULAR INTENSITY DIFFERENTIAL SPECTRA OF SOME OPTICALLY ACTIVE SECONDARY ALCOHOLS
Authors: Waki Hiroshi , Higuchi Seiichiro , Tanaka Shigeyuki
Published: July 2006

Raman circular intensity differential spectra of (+)-2-butanol, (+)-2-pentanol, and (+)-2-octanol are presented. The same spectral patterns are observed in the 700-1000 cm−1 region, and several correlations are pointed out for the bands characteristic of secondary alcohols, which are assigned to the symmetric stretching of the C3O skeleton.
FORMATION OF STABLE [3 + 2] CYCLOADDUCTS IN REACTIONS OF BENZOTHIAZOLIUM N-PHENACYLIDE WITH METHYLENECYCLOPROPENES
Authors: Tsuge Otohiko , Shimoharada Hiroshi , Noguchi Michihiko
Published: July 2006

Benzothiazolium N-phenacylide adds to the cyclic double bond of methylenecyclopropenes having no acyl group on the 4-position to give stable [3 + 2] cycloadducts. This is the first example for the formation of stable [3 + 2] cycloadducts in the reaction of 1,3-dipoles with methylenecyclopropenes.
LIPOSOME FUSION AS MONITORED BY A FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING TECHNIQUE
Authors: Sunamoto Junzo , Iwamoto Kiyoshi , Iwamoto Hidetoshi , Kondo Hiroki , Kano Koji , Ogawa Teiichiro
Published: July 2006

The fluorescence emission from ethyl ω-(1-pyrenyl)decanoate (EP) is quenched by 4-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylaniline (DDA) in liposomal bilayers according to the collisional quenching mechanism without heteroexcimer formation. This phenomenon was utilized to monitor liposome fusion between two small and single-walled vesicles. When a set of two liposomes, F-liposome containing the fluorophore EP and Q-liposome containing the quencher DDA, was incubated and passively sensitized by Ca(II) ion or a lipophilic agent (solanesol) , significant quenching of EP fluorescence was observed. This was ascribed to the encounter of the fluorophore and quencher in the bilayers upon liposome fusion.
THERMAL [1,3] YLIDE REARRANGEMENT AND BASE CATALYZED [2,3] METHYLSULFONIO GROUP MIGRATION OF METHYLSULFONIUM 1 -(2,6-DIPHENYL AND 2,3,5,6-TETORAPHENYL-4H-PYRAN-4-YL)-2-OXO-2-PHENYLETHYLIDES
Authors: Toda Takashi , Tokida Akihiko , Mukai Toshio , Suzuki Yoshizo
Published: July 2006

Thermolyses of dimethylsulfonium 1-(2,6-diphenyl and 2,3,5,6-tetraphenyl-4H-pyran-4-yl )-2-oxo-2-phenylethylides (1 and 3) caused a novel [1,3] ylide rearrangement to give dimethylsulfonium 1-benzoyl-6-oxo-2,6-diphenyl and 2,3,5,6-tetraphenyl-2,4-hexadienylides (6 and 7), respectively. The formations of oxy-thio-acetal derivatives (11 and 12) of 4-pyranylidene from 3 and its methylphenylsulfonium analogue (4) by base treatment are also reported.
PHOTOLYSIS OF CHLOROBENZENE. PHENYLATION OF CHLOROBENZENE WITH ANOMALOUS ORIENTATION
Authors: Kojima Masanobu , Sakuragi Hirochika , Tokumaru Katsumi
Published: July 2006

Photolysis of chlorobenzene as neat and in concentrated solutions gives a mixture of o-, m-, and p-chlorobiphenyls in an anomalous ratio, with the highest ratio of the p-isomer. However, on dilution with solvent, the isomer ratio tends to approach the normal ratio as obtained from the usual phenylation of chlorobenzene with the highest ratio of the o-isomer. A mechanism is proposed in which a triplet excimer of chlorobenzene arising in concentrated solutions favours the production of the p-isomer.
BATHOCUPROINE-MEDIATED COPPER TRANSPORT THROUGH LIQUID MEMBRANE DRIVEN BY REDOX POTENTIAL
Authors: Matsuno Shugo , Ohki Akira , Takagi Makoto , Ueno Keihei
Published: July 2006

A new device of metal separation system driven by redox potential is presented. Bathocuproine, which is known as an extraction agent specific to copper with the aid of reducing agent, could serve as a mediator in transporting copper through a polymer-supported liquid membrane.
ACTIVE SITES OF TiO2 SINGLE CRYSTAL SURFACE FOR PHOTODEPOSITION OF PALLADIUM
Authors: Yoneyama Hiroshi , Shiotani Hideyuki , Nishimura Naritoshi , Tamura Hideo
Published: July 2006

The photodeposition of palladium onto illuminated surfaces of TiO2 single crystals was found to occur selectively onto flaws of the crystal surface, indicating that the photosensitized oxidation of water which takes place as the counterpart process of the metal deposition occurs selectively on flaw-free surfaces.
PHOTOFRAGMENTATION OF OXAZOLIDINES. A NEW METHOD FOR THE GENERATION OF AZIRIDINES
Authors: Tsuge Otohiko , Oe Koji , Kawaguchi Noriyuki
Published: July 2006

Irradiation of 4,5-cis-2,3,4,5-tetraaryloxazolidines and 3-aryl-3a,9b-dihydroacenaphth[1 ,2-d]oxazolidines generates the corresponding aziridine intermediates with elimination of aldehyde formed by fissions of the C2–O and C4–C5 bonds in the former and the C2–O and C2–N bonds in the latter, respectively. The intervention of aziridine intermediates was proved by photo-cycloadditions.
REDUCTION-OXIDATION AND CATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF PEROVSKITE-TYPE MIXED OXIDE CATALYSTS (La1-xSrxCoO3)
Authors: Nakamura Teiji , Misono Makoto , Yoneda Yukio
Published: July 2006

The reducibility of La1-xSrxCoO3 (a perovskite-type mixed oxide) remarkably increased with the Sr2+ content, x, but the rate of re-oxidation of the reduced catalysts decreased with x. These trends well explain the catalytic activity for oxidation on the basis of redox mechanism.
CORRELATION BETWEEN SITESELECTIVITY AND HOMO-LUMO ENERGY SEPARATION; EVIDENCE FOR RAPID EQUILIBRIUM OF QUINONOID KETENES VIA BENZOCYCLOBUTENONE
Authors: Kuzuya Masayuki , Miyake Fumio , Okuda Takachiyo
Published: July 2006

Evidence for rapid equilibrium between two isomeric 9,9-diaryl quinonoid ketenes via benzocyclobutenone was presented on the basis of the correlation between siteselectivity and HOMO-LUMO energy separation on their intramolecular cycloadditions.
MAGNETIC CIRCULAR DICHROISM SPECTRA OF MODELS FOR THE REDUCED CYTOCHROME P-450 AND ITS OXYGENATED FORM
Authors: Okubo Satoshi , Nozawa Tsunenori , Hatano Masahiro
Published: July 2006

The complex formation of dioxygen with mercaptide-heme was first confirmed by the magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Comparison of the spectra of the model complexes with those for cytochrome P-450 revealed the thiolate coordination in the reduced high spin cytochrome P-450 and its oxygenated form.
SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES ON THE AGGREGATION OF CHLOROPHYLL a IN THE PRESENCE OF WATER-SOLUBLE MACROMOLECULES
Authors: Uehara Kaku , Nakajima Yasuhiro , Yonezawa Masahiro , Tanaka Makoto
Published: July 2006

The characteristic aggregation of chlorophyll a (chl a) was induced when a small amount of acetone solution of chl a was added to a diluted aqueous solution of a macromolecule such as poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA), poly(vinyl pyrolidone)(PVP), or bovine serum albumin(BSA). The rate and state of aggregation were remarkably affected by the kind of polymer used. PVA fairly rapidly induced the aggregation to form aggregates having absorption maxima at 730 nm. On the other hand, BSA showed a tendency to conserve a typical 672 nm colloidal form.
HIPPURISTANOLS, CYTOTOXIC POLYOXYGENATED STEROIDS FROM THE GORGONIAN ISIS HIPPURIS
Authors: Higa Tatsuo , Tanaka Jun-ichi , Tsukitani Yasumasa , Kikuchi Hiroyuki
Published: July 2006

Four new polyoxygenated steroids (4–7) containing a spiroketal function have been isolated from the gorgonian Isis hippuris. Their structures were determined by spectral correlation and by interconversion. Previously assigned configuration at the C-22 of hippurin-1 (3) was reversed by spectroscopic evidence. Two (4, 7) of the steroids exhibited potent in vitro anticancer activities.
TRIFLUOROMETHYLATION OF CARBONYL COMPOUNDS WITH TRIFLUOROMETHYLZINC IODIDE UNDER ULTRASONIC IRRADIATION
Authors: Kitazume Tomoya , Ishikawa Nobuo
Published: July 2006

The trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compounds with trifluoromethylzinc iodide, prepared from trifluoromethyl iodide with ultrasonically dispersed zinc, smoothly proceeded to give corresponding α-trifluoromethyl carbinols in good yields.
CRYSTALLIZATION OF ZEOLITE ZSM-5 IN THE NA-AMIDO CATION SYSTEM
Authors: Nakamoto Hiromi , Takahashi Hiroshi
Published: July 2006

Zeolite ZSM-5 was synthesized as the only crystalline phase from Na-Amido cation system for the first time. An isothermal metastable phase transformation diagram was described for Na-OEL cation system. OEL cation facilitated crystallization of ZSM-5 better rather than TPA one.
SELECTIVE OXIDATION OF ALLYLIC METHYLS IN MEDIUM RING COMPOUNDS
Authors: Chhabra Baldev R , Hayano Kiyoharu , Ohtsuka Toshikazu , Shirahama Haruhisa , Matsumoto Takeshi
Published: July 2006

Allylic methyls in medium ring compounds were selectively oxidized to primary alcohols and αβ-unsaturated aldehydes by means of t-butylhydroperoxide and selenium dioxide supported on silica gel.
SEQUENTIAL [2,3]WITTIG AND CLAISEN REARRANGEMENT: A FACILE SYNTHETIC METHOD FOR (E,E)-4,7-ALKADIENALS AND -ALKADIENOIC ACIDS. A NEW FORMAL SYNTHESIS OF (±)-CERULENIN
Authors: Mikami Koichi , Kishi Naoyuki , Nakai Takeshi
Published: July 2006

The regioselective [2,3]Wittig rearrangement of bis-allylic ethers followed by the Claisen rearragement permits ready access to (E,E)-4,7-alkadienals and -alkadienoic acids. The versatility of the sigmatropic sequence is demonstrated within the context of a new formal synthesis of (±)-cerulenin possessing an interesting spectrum of biological activities.
SYNTHESIS OF NUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHOTRIESTERS CONTAINING AMIDATE OR THIOATE FUNCTIONS
Authors: Boeckel Stan A A van , Marel Gijs van der , Wille Gerry , Boom Jacq H van
Published: July 2006

Phosphorylation of properly protected nucleosides with aryl or alkyl phosphorodichloridates, in the presence of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, gives phosphorylated intermediates which react smoothly with different amine or thiol functions to afford the corresponding amidate or thioate phosphotriester derivatives.
ALKYLATION OF ACTIVE HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS WITH ALLYLIC AND BENZYLIC ALCOHOLS UNDER CoCl2 CATALYSIS. A USEFUL SYNTHESIS OF GRIFOLIN
Authors: Marquet J , Moreno-Mañas M
Published: July 2006

COCl2 is a useful catalyst for the condensation of allylic and benzylic alcohols with active hydrogen compounds. Under these neutral conditions orcinol and farnesol react to afford the antibiotic grifolin.
SYNTHESES OF PHENYLAZO-1,3,5-TRIAZINES BY THE OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF HYDRAZINO-1,3,5-TRIAZINES WITH N,N-DISUBSTITUTED ANILINES
Authors: Inoue Yoshinori , Kamo Yasunobu , Togo Michiyo , Hsu Yue-chu , Keumi Takashi , Kitajima Hidehiko
Published: July 2006

Oxidative coupling of 2-hydrazino-4,6-disubstituted 1,3,5-triazines with N,N-disubstituted anilines was studied. The oxidative coupling reaction proceeded by the use of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) as the oxidizing agent in aqueous acetic acid solution buffered at pH 4.4 with sodium acetate at room temperature to give corresponding phenylazo-1,3,5-triazines in good yields.
SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF BINUCLEAR COBALT(II) OXYGEN ADDUCT WITH 2,6-BIS[BIS(2-PYRIDYLMETHYL)AMINOMETHYL]-4-METHYLPHENOL
Authors: Suzuki Masatatsu , Kanatomi Hajime , Murase Ichiro
Published: July 2006

Binuclear cobalt(II) complexes, [Co2(bpmp) (CH3COO)2]ClO4 and [Co2(bpmp) (CH3COO)] (ClO4)2 with 2,6-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)aminomethyl]-4-methylphenol (Hbpmp), were prepared. The complexes showed the reversible oxygenation in various solvents. Two to one (CO/O2) peroxo bridged complex, [Co2(bpmp)(CH3COO)O2](ClO4)2·2H2O, was isolated. The oxygen adduct was fairly stable towards further reactions.
IR AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES ON AMMONIUM SALTS OBTAINED FROM ELECTROLYTICALLY REDUCED 12-HETEROPOLYMOLYBDATE ANIONS
Authors: Akimoto Masamichi , Echigoya Etsuro
Published: July 2006

The intensities of IR bands due to the heteroatom–oxygen (P–O and Si–O) and the bridged lattice oxygen(Mo–O–Mo) in 12-heteropolymolybdate anions decreased markedly upon formation of Mo5+ without any elimination of their lattice oxygen. The significance of this finding in relation to the previously proposed mechanisms for the reduction of 12-molybdophosphoric acid and its salts is discussed.
HIGHLY ACTIVE Rh6(CO)16-Diamine CATALYST SYSTEMS FOR ALCOHOL SYNTHESIS FROM OLEFINS USING CARBON MONOXIDE AND WATER
Authors: Kaneda Kiyotomi , Yasumura Morito , Hiraki Masahiko , Imanaka Toshinobu , Teranishi Shiichiro
Published: July 2006

α-Olefins are carbonylated to give corresponding alcohols under mild water gas shift reaction (WGSR) conditions using Rh6(CO)16-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine and 4-dimethylaminopyridine catalyst systems, α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds give selectively C=C reduction products.
A NEW METHOD FOR AUTOMATIC RECORDING THE STATES OF WATER IN GEL AND SOLUTION BY BROAD-LINE PULSED NMR
Authors: Suzuki Ei-ichiro , Nagashima Nobuya
Published: July 2006

An auto-recording system was developed for the measurement of the unfrozen water content and the spin–spin relaxation time as a continuous function of temperature by a broad-line pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance. The freezing-thawing hysteresis of gels, and the mobilities of solute and hydrated water molecules in frozen solutions of saccharides and alcohols were investigated.
KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE REACTION OF BIS(S-ISOPROPYL TRITHIOCARBONATO-S′,S″)OXOMOLYBDENUM(IV) WITH DIMETHYL ACETYLENEDICARBOXYLATE
Authors: Tanaka Koji , Miyake Shin-ichi , Tanaka Toshio
Published: July 2006

MoO(S2CSPri)2 (1) reacts with CH3OOCC≡CCOOCH3 (DMAC) to give the 1:1 adduct with a pentagonal bipyramidal configuration, in which DMAC is placed in the equatorial plane and the terminal oxo ligand in an apex position. Kinetic studies indicate that the reaction proceeds via a mono-capped trigonal prismatic intermediate which is formed by the coordination of DMAC to molybdenum from the bottom of the square pyramid of 1, affording the final product by the intramolecular rearrangement.
STUDIES ON MOLYBDO-OXIDASE MODEL: AN EPR-EVIDENCE FOR A SIMPLE MODEL OF MOLYBDO-OXIDASE
Authors: Nakamura Akira , Ueyama Norikazu , Kamachi Mikiharu
Published: July 2006

EPR signals due to monomeric Mo(V) species formed by mild reduction of MoO2(cys-OR)2, R = methyl, ethyl, or benzyl, were observed at 298°K and at 77°K. The EPR parameters of these complexes having catalytic activity for oxidation of triphenylphosphine are similar to those of reduced xanthine oxidase.
ASYMMETRIC TRANSFORMATION OF 2-PHENYLALKANOIC ACIDS VIA OXAZOLINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Shibata Saizo , Matsushita Hajime , Kaneko Hajime , Noguchi Masao , Saburi Masahiko , Yoshikawa Sadao
Published: July 2006

Asymmetric transformation of 2-phenylalkanoic acids via oxazoline derivatives was investigated. (S)-Phenylalaninol was used as a chiral auxiliary in the transformation, and the acids were obtained in the optical yields of 29–53%.
PLASMA TREATMENT OF PACKING MATERIALS FOR GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Yamamoto Yukio , Oka Seiji , Hayashi Koichiro
Published: July 2006

Argon plasma treatment of packing materials, 25% Apiezon L on Chromosorb W and 5% Squalane on Chromosorb W, improved the gas chromatographic resolution. The liquid stationary phase was extracted from the treated and untreated Apiezon L packings, and pronounced modification was observed with the recovered support.
SOLUBILITIES OF BENZENE AND THE ALKYLBENZENES IN WATER—METHOD FOR OBTAINING AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS SATURATED WITH VAPOURS IN EQUILIBRIUM WITH ORGANIC LIQUIDS—
Authors: Sanemasa Isao , Araki Masatake , Deguchi Toshio , Nagai Hideo
Published: July 2006

A method is presented which is simple and useful in attaining solubility equilibria of organic liquids in water. The solute vapour, which is in equilibrium with the liquid solute, is introduced into water and circulated in a closed system. It has been confirmed that Henry’s law applies to aqueous solubilities of benzene and the alkylbenzenes used.
THE ALKOXYALKYLATION OF 1, 6-DIMETHYL-5-METHYLENE-3, 4-BENZO-2-OXABICYCLO[4.1.0]HEPT-3-ENE WITH ORTHOFORMATES OR ACETALS
Authors: Yamaoka Hiroshi , Kashiwagi Kouichi , Hanafusa Terukiyo
Published: July 2006

The reactions of the methylenehomochromene (titled compound) (1) with orthoformates (2a,b) or acetals (2c–f) easily took place in the presence of anhydrous zinc chloride to give 5-alkoxyethyl-2, 3-dihydro-l-benzooxepin derivatives (3a–f) in moderate to good yields. Unusually high reactivity of 1, may be due to homoaromatic stabilization in the reaction intermediate.
A HIGH PRESSURE P-JUMP APPARATUS AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE KINETICS OF NICKEL MALONATE COMPLEX FORMATION
Authors: Inoue Tohru , Kojima Kiyotaka , Shimozawa Ryosuke
Published: July 2006

A pressure-jump apparatus capable of following fast reactions at high pressures was constructed. Using this apparatus the activation volume for the reaction of nickel malonate complex formation was successfully determined at 20°C. The results were interpreted in terms of the Eigen–Wilkins mechanism.
THE EFFECT OF THE ALKYL CHAIN LENGTH ON THE LIQUID CRYSTALLINE PROPERTIES OF P-SUBSTITUTED CHOLESTERYL 4-BENZOYLBENZOATES
Authors: Koden Mitsuhiro , Yagyu Tadao , Takenaka Shunsuke , Terauchi Hikaru , Kusabayashi Shigekazu
Published: July 2006

A homologous series of cholesteryl 4-(4′-n-CnH2n+1-benzoyl)benzoates (n=0–15) was prepared. Whereas these molecules have a large bent shape around the carbonyl group, all homologues show a cholesteric phase. In addition, the homologues with n=7–15 show two kinds of smectic phases. The effect on these mesophases of increasing the alkyl chain length is quite striking. Cholesteryl and benzophenone portions are indispensable for the mesomorphism.
STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF TiO2 DISPERSED OVER SiO2 GEL AND THE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF Pt/TiO2/SiO2 IN NO–CO REACTION
Authors: Nakamura Ryuichi , Yamagami Koji , Nishiyama Satoru , Niiyama Hiroo , Echigoya Etsuro
Published: July 2006

TiO2/SiO2 (70–90 wt%TiO2) prepared by deposition of TiO2 on to SiO2 gel are significantly effective catalyst supports for Pt in NO–CO reaction. The presence of SiO2 distinctly changes the structures and properties of TiO2 and definitely increases the thermal stability of the dispersed anatase TiO2, on which Pt is selectively deposited and gives the high catalytic activity.
CONVERSION OF LACTONE INTO LACTONE HEMITHIOACETAL AND SYNTHESIS OF ENOL LACTONE
Authors: Ochiai Masahito , Nishide Kiyoharu , Node Manabu , Fujita Eiichi
Published: July 2006

Lactone hemithioacetal was synthesized in good yield from ω-phenylthiocarboxylic acid derived from lactone, and it was converted into enol lactone via the corresponding sulfoxide.
SYNTHESIS OF (±)-3,3-ETHYLENEDIOXY-14α-HYDROXY-5-PICRASENE-11,16-DIONE, A 14αH-PICRASANE DERIVATIVE
Authors: Honda Tadashi , Murae Tatsushi , Ohta Shinya , Kurata Yohei , Kawai Hisashi , Takahashi Takeyoshi , Itai Akiko , Iitaka Yoichi
Published: July 2006

(±)-3,3-Ethylenedioxy-14α-hydroxy-5-picrasene-11,16-dione possessing a 14αH-5-picrasene framework has been synthesized.
ETHYNOLOGS OF TRIPHENYLMETHANE DYES. SYNTHESES AND PROPERTIES OF ACETYLENIC ANALOGS OF MALACHITE GREEN, CRYSTAL VIOLET, AND THEIR RELATED COMPOUNDS
Authors: Akiyama Shuzo , Yoshida Keiko , Hayashida Misuzu , Nakashima Kenichiro , Nakatsuji Shin’ichi , Iyoda Masahiko
Published: July 2006

The acetylenic analogs of malachite green, crystal violet, and their related compounds have been synthesized to examine an effect of an acetylenic bond on a dye system.
HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM WATER BY In2O3 AND K2CO3 USING GRAPHITE, ACTIVE CARBON AND BIOMASS AS REDUCTANTS
Authors: Otsuka Kiyoshi , Takizawa Yoshihisa , Shibuya Shin-ichi , Morikawa Akira
Published: July 2006

The two-step open cycle, the reduction of In2O3 by carbon and its reoxidation by water, was applied to produce hydrogen from water. Various carbons could be used as the reductants. Of these, chars from biomass are highly effective to the reduction of In2O3, and consequently to the production of hydrogen. K2CO3 is also a good catalyst to the two-step hydrogen production.
COPPER(I)-PROMOTED COUPLING REACTION OF ARYL HALIDES WITH SODIUM DIETHYLMALONATE
Authors: Setsune Jun-ichiro , Matsukawa Kimihiro , Wakemoto Hirofumi , Kitao Teijiro
Published: July 2006

Copper(I)-promoted coupling reaction of aryl halides with sodium diethylmalonate occurred smoothly in dioxane. The qualitative trends in the activity of copper(I) salt followed the order: CuBr > CuI > CuBF4(CH3CN)4 > CuCl. The activity was lowered in the presence of coordinating molecule such as acetonitrile, pyridine, NaI, phosphine, and sulfide. The reaction was generally applicable to aryl halides with various substituents.
SYNTHESES OF 1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROBENZOCYCLOBUTENE-3,6-DIONES
Authors: Oda Masaji , Kanao Yoshinori
Published: July 2006

Parent 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrobenzocyclobutene-3,6-dione and its simple derivatives were first synthesized by oxidation of bicyclo[4.2.0]octane-2,5-diones in either one-step or stepwise manner.
LATTICE CONSTANT OF HYDRODYNAMIC DISSIPATIVE STRUCTURE
Authors: Aikawa Yoshihiro , Sukigara Mitsunori
Published: July 2006

The lattice constant of two dimentional hexagonal lattice appeared in the hydrodynamic dissipative structure of liquid layer is calculated from a viewpoint of thermodynamics. This calculation method is a rather general one which should be available for the Benard problem and the Felici instability. The axial ratio of the convective unit cell, γ, is calculated to be γ=31⁄4/2 = 0.658.
(3,4-DIMETHYLENE-1,5-CYCLOHEPTADIENE)TRICARBONYLIRON
Authors: Oda Mitsunori , Morita Noboru , Asao Toyonobu
Published: July 2006

Title compound was obtained by the reaction of 3,4-bisbromomethyl-1,3,5-cycloheptatriene with enneacarbonyldiiron, and quenching of an anion formed from the complex and n-butyl lithium with electrophiles afforded 1,6,7,8-tetrahapto(heptafulvene)tricarbonyliron derivatives.
REGIOSPECIFIC CYCLIZATION OF N-BENZOYL-N-METHOXYMETHYL-1-METHYL-α,β-DEHYDROTRYPTOPHAN METHYL ESTER TO A 5,6-DIHYDROAZEPINO[5,4,3-cd]INDOLE DERIVATIVE. A NEW METHOD FOR INTRODUCING SUBSTITUENTS ONTO THE 4-POSITION OF INDOLE NUCLEUS
Authors: Nakatsuka Shin-ichi , Miyazaki Hideki , Goto Toshio
Published: July 2006

A novel cyclization of the N-protected dehydrotryptophan 7 at the 4-position was achieved in excellent yield. Selective hydrogenation of the cyclized compound 10 gave the 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroazepinoindole derivative 11, which contains the same ring system as clavicipitic acid (12)
A NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF AZOLOPYRIMIDINES
Authors: Elnagdi Mohamed H , Wamhoff Heinrich
Published: July 2006

A novel synthesis of several azolopyrimidine derivatives is reported via reaction of heterocyclic β-enamino esters with 2-amino heterocycles.
POLYMERIZATION, OXYGENATION AND ISOMERIZATION OF ISOCYANIDES UNDER IRRADIATION
Authors: Boyer Joseph H , Ramakrishnan V T , Srinivasan K G , Spak A J
Published: July 2006

Irradiation in the presence of triplet oxygen polymerized both 2,4-dimethyoxyphenyl and cyclohexyl isocyanide and photoautoxidized each into the corresponding isocyanate. The aryl, but not the alicyclic, isocyanide also photoisomerized into a cyanide. The consumption of an isocyanide was enhanced in the presence of certain aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g., naphthalene and phenanthrene, but was diminished in the presence of pyrene. Two bisisocyanides were unaffected by the presence of oxygen during irradiation.
COMMENT ON THE PAPER “SIMPLE EVALUATION OF ENANTIOMER-SELECTIVITY OF CROWN ETHER USING MEMBRANE ELECTRODE” BY Y. YASAKA ET AL.
Authors: Simon Wilhelm , Prelog Vladimir
Published: July 2006

In the paper mentioned in the title the authors describe the evaluation of enantiomer-selectivity of chiral crown ethers by measuring electrical potential differences on electrochemical cell assemblies with PVC membranes containing these chiral ionophores. Their communication gives the impression that the evaluation of enantiomer-selectivity of chiral ionophores by electrochemical methods, which were developed in our laboratory beginning 1966, is a novel one because they do not refer to our previous work. We would like to point out that we published our first paper on electrochemical detection of enantiomer-selectivity in 1975, and that several subsequent papers from our laboratory appeared since then not only in the primary and referring journals, but also in review articles.
THE EFFECTS OF SULPHUR IN A PALLADIUM SURFACE ON THE ADSORPTION AND DECOMPOSITION OF FORMIC ACID
Authors: Matsumoto Yoshio , Onishi Takaharu , Tamaru Kenzi
Published: July 2006

Ultraviolet photoelectron spectra indicate that formic acid is adsorbed as formate ion on not only clean, but sulphur segregated Pd surface with saturated amounts. The rate of formic acid decomposition stayed unchanged in the presence of surface sulphur.
MODIFICATION OF SUBSTITUENT EFFECT BY CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEXATION IN ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS OF 7-SUBSTITUTED COUMARINS
Authors: Uekama Kaneto , Lin Chien-Li , Hirayama Fumitoshi , Otagiri Masaki , Takadate Akira , Goya Shujiro
Published: July 2006

The substituent effect in the alkaline hydrolysis of 7-substituted coumarins in the absence and presence of cyclodextrin (CyD) was analyzed by a modified Hammett equation (1). It was shown that the transmission route of the substituent effect to reaction site was altered by the inclusion of coumarin molecule within hydrophobic CyD cavity.
A KINETIC DETERMINATION OF NANOGRAM AMOUNTS OF VANADIUM BY ITS CATALYTIC EFFECT
Authors: Nakano Shigenori , Kasahara Eiji , Tanaka Masaya , Kawashima Takuji
Published: July 2006

A new method is proposed for the determination of vanadium(IV) and vanadium(V). The method is based on their catalytic effect on the reaction of N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine with N,N-dimethylaniline to form a green compound (λmax=735 nm) in the presence of bromate. The method is highly sensitive with a Sandell sensitivity of 1.3×10−3 ng cm−2 and useful for the analysis of vanadium in sea water.
NEW SYNTHETIC METHOD OF [2.2]PARACYCLOPHANE, BENZOCYCLOBUTENE, AND LEPIDOPTERENE: PYROLYSIS OF ARYLMETHYL PHENYL SELENIDES
Authors: Higuchi Hiroyuki , Sakata Yoshiteru , Misumi Soichi , Otsubo Tetsuo , Ogura Fumio , Yamaguchi Hachiro
Published: July 2006

The flash vacuum pyrolysis of benzyl phenyl selenides gave bibenzyls and diphenyl diselenide in excellent yields. This type of reaction was successfully applied to the synthesis of the title compounds.
EVIDENCE FOR PHENYL BRIDGING IN BENZYLDIMETHYLGERMYL RADICALS BY ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE
Authors: Mochida Kunio , Kira Mitsuo , Sakurai Hideki
Published: July 2006

Benzyldimethylgermyl radicals were observed by ESR for the first time in solution at low temperatures. The ESR parameters indicated partial bridging of the phenyl group to the germanium radical center in a preferred conformation.