bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bibliodiverzitás - A könyvpiac sokszínűsége
Authors: Bolemant Liliana
Published: May 2024

2010-ben az Európai Írók Parlamentje elfogadott egy nyilatkozatot, amely a bibliodiverzitás mellett foglalt állást. Az Isztambuli Nyilatkozatnak nevezett kiáltvány elfogadása óta eltelt több mint egy évtized látszólag a bibliodiverzitásnak kedvez, hiszen rengeteg különféle könyv jelenik meg, sokféle kiadó és szerző jóvoltából. Érdemes azonban a mélyére nézni annak a folyamatnak, amely a 21. század könyvkiadásában zajlik, és nemcsak Európában, hiszen maga a bibliodiverzitás fogalma elsősorban dél-amerikai kiadók egy csoportjához köthető, akik már az 1990-es években felléptek a könyvpiac globalizálódása ellen. A kis kiadók, a kis példányszámban kiadott szépirodalom, a regionális szerzők, a kis nyelvek irodalmának fordításai mind-mind külön elemzést igényelnek. Ezen belül külön kategóriaként beszélhetünk a feminista irodalomról, a női szerzőkről, a gender szempontú szövegekről. Tanulmányomban a bibliodiverzitás szempontjainak bemutatása mellett annak feminista szempontjai is megpróbálom megvilágítani.
Profán triptichon
Authors: Dombai Dóra
Published: May 2024

A tanulmány fókuszában Nemes Anna képzőművész és filmrendező testábrázolásainak „hármasoltára” áll. Ezekben a festészet, a dokumentumfilm, és a fikciós játékfilm különböző mediális stratégiái révén a testfelfogások gazdag jelentéshálózatot alkotva rétegződnek egymásra a hús heterogén burjánzásában. Ez a mindig nyitott, soha le nem záruló mutációs folyamat, mely egy hibrid, formátlan, transzgresszív új esztétika felé mutat, intenzív párbeszédben áll a testről szóló kortárs dizskurzusokkal, különösen a poszthumanisztikus kutatás egyes elméleteivel. Az új materializmus diszkurzusa a kultúraelméleti vizsgálódások középpontjába emelte a hús masszaszerű, burjánzó, performatív tömegét. Ez az elméleti keretezés különösen adekvát választás Nemes testábrázolásainak vizsgálatakor. A hús extenzív megjelenése a hagyományos esztétika határain túlra mutató, felforgató jelenségként áll előttünk, mely nemlineáris plaszticitásával szétfeszíti a nyugati filozófiai gondolkodás logocentrikus kereteit, szörnyűségként áll előttünk. Nemesnek a képzőművészetet és a filmkészítést egyaránt magába foglaló pályáját vizsgálva megállapítható, hogy az eltérő médiumok sajátos belső struktúraszervezési elvei alakítják azt, ahogyan ez az immanens szörnyűség megmutatkozik előttünk. Míg a festmények önmagukba visszaforduló, ritmikus időbelisége lehetőséget ad a hibrid testek dezantropomorfizáció határáig való eljutásra, addig a Beauty of the Beast dokumentumfilm a női testépítők naturalista-realista filmképi bemutatásával a konvencionális nyugati szépségeszményen túlra mutató szökésvonalakat tár elénk. A Szelíd című dokumentarista játékfilm, triptichon középső paneljeként, a fenti két megközelítés szintézisét adja. Míg a fikció a testbe zárt individuumhoz való hozzáférést teszi lehetővé, a narratív film sajátos időbelisége a teljes dekonstrukció ellen dolgozik. A Szelídben tehát nem a poszthumanisztikus, hibridizált esztétika perverz dekonstrukciós eljárásának csúcsra járatódását látjuk. Ugyanakkor, bár az antropomorfitás határán innen marad, mégis hangsúlyosnak tűnik a választás, hogy éppen egy női testen keresztül mutatja be Nemes a tömeggé váló hús szubverzív jellegét.
A társadalmi reprodukció megtörésének folyamata Michelle Obama és Orsós Zsuzsanna önéletrajzi narratíváiban és egészségnevelési projektjeik
Authors: Kovács Ágnes Zsófia
Published: May 2024

Chantal Jaquet Osztály-köztiek: A társadalmi reprodukció megtörésének folyamata (2014, 2023) című könyvében új filozófiai fogalmat alkot, az osztály-köztiek fogalmát. Az osztály-köztiek átmenetet képeznek két szociológiai értelemben vett osztály között, egyik csoportba sem megbízhatóan tartozó személyek. Jaquet szerint az osztály-köztiek megtörik a társadalmi reprodukció szabályos folyamatát, de nem kérdőjelezik meg a reprodukció jelenségét, hanem megerősítik azt, mert megmutatják az átmenetben érintett csoportok identitásának határait. A társadalmi reprodukció megtörésének folyamata az osztály-köztiek élettörténetében mutatkozik meg. Jaquet az osztály-köztiek tapasztalatát komplex politikai, gazdasági, társadalmi, családi és egyéni érdekek és célok hálózatában értelmezi, főleg önéletrajzokra és auto-etnográfiára vonatkoztatva. A tanulmány Jaquet „osztály-köztiek” fogalmát használja fel Michelle Obama Így lettem c. önéletrajzírásának és Orsós Zsuzsanna interjúkban megfogalmazott életrajzi narratívájának leírására és összevetésére. A dolgozat a rassz, az osztály, a nemi hovatartozás, a család, az iskola és a gazdasági tényező szerepét elemzi a társadalmi reprodukció megtörésének folyamatában. Amellett, hogy megállapítja a két elbeszélő osztály-közötti társadalmi pozícióját és meghatározottságait, azt a kérdést teszi fel, hogy milyen pozitív szerepet kap az osztály-közötti lét Obama és Orsós egészségnevelési projektjeiben. A dolgozat hipotézise, hogy az „egészség” fogalma mindkét esetben jóval túlnyúlik az egészség passzív fizikai és mentális elképzelésén. Az egészség és annak nevelése mindkét osztály-közötti elbeszélő számára aktív társadalmi öngondoskodást jelent, melynek lehetséges hosszabbtávú egyik eredménye a társadalmi reprodukció megtörése.
A szavak (átformáló) ereje
Authors: Katona Eszter
Published: May 2024

A tanulmány Juan Mayorga 2022-ben bemutatott színdarabjának, A Gólem című drámának egy lehetséges értelmezését kívánja adni. Ezt a művet a kritika a spanyol drámaíró legsötétebb és legnehezebben értelmezhető művének aposztrofálta. Maga a cím a XVI. századi zsidó folklórhoz tartozó ismert mítoszra, Gólemre, egy agyagból gyúrt lényre utal, amely képes életre kelni, ha egy szent szót adnak a szájába. A mítosznak számos irodalmi feldolgozása született (Gustave Meyrink regénye, Jorge Luis Borges verse) és ehhez a körhöz csatlakozik Mayorga drámája is. A filozófiai, morális és politikai kérdéseket boncolgató színmű egy jelenbélinek és valóságosnak látszó alternatív világot mutat be, amelyben a szerző intellektuális utazásra invitálja az olvasót/nézőt a tudatalatti legsötétebb bugyraiba. A Gólem mélyen politikai színdarab; az át/változások etikai és morálfilozófiai aspektusairól szól, arról, hogy mit teszünk a szavakkal, és mit tesznek velünk a szavak.
Parameters of back filling material prepared from mine tailing, fly ash, and mine water
Authors: Dvořák Karel , Jančíková Andrea
Published: May 2024

The article investigates the influence of mine tailing, fly ash, and mine water on strength parameters as mine paste filling material performing the strength tests on different recipes of mortar mixes with individual types of fillers and wastewater from extraction of mine tailings. Recipe is prepared in proportions corresponding to the standard mortar and compared with a reference recipe according to the fresh mortar consistency test using a shaking table according to ČSN EN 1015-3. Resulting measured values on 40 × 40 × 160 mm solids samples for which the evaluation of the volume weight was carried out in the range of 2, 7, 14, 28, 56 and 90 days according to EN 1015-10 (722400). The results showed that that it is possible to prepare relatively fluid mixtures with extremely low binder dosage. And not only the water coefficient but also the granulometry of the raw material plays an important role in the long-term strengths of samples.
Concrete mixtures with photovoltaic panels glass: a review of the situation in Czech Republic
Authors: Mariaková Diana , Fořtová Kristina , Černý Stanislav , Pavlů Tereza
Published: May 2024

Solar energy production was initiated in the 1990s following by rapid increase of the use of photovoltaic (PV) technology. Most of older solar panels in the Czech Republic were installed between 2000 and 2006 and a global installed capacity of 222 GW was reached by the end of 2015. With the growing global PV market, a large amount of waste is expected to accumulate after 2030 which is associated with the new industry to process this waste, based on reduce, reuse, and recycle. This article summarizes findings and research conclusions regarding local issues collected by experts from the Czech Republic. Previous research showed that waste glass from photovoltaic panels can be used as a pozzolanic material in high-performance concrete, improving its properties. Further research on the use of waste from photovoltaic panels has been conducted in the Czech Republic since 2019 and the conclusions from various research confirm the suitability of using PV panel glass.
Hazards profile of the Shigar Valley, Central Karakoram, Pakistan: Multicriteria hazard susceptibility assessment
Authors: Afreen Munazza , Haq Fazlul , Mark Bryan G.
Published: May 2024

The rapid deglaciation in the Upper Indus Basin (UIB) significantly impacts local landscapes, watersheds, and basin-wide hydrology. While creating new opportunities, such as emerging landscapes and hydrological changes, deglaciation simultaneously heightens the risk of glacio-hydrological hazards in adjacent and downstream regions. With limited available land for agriculture and settlements, communities around glaciers expand human activities toward newly formed floodplains and deglaciating valleys, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of associated risks and vulnerabilities. This study employs Geographical Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing products for a multicriteria hazards susceptibility assessment in the Shigar Valley, located in the downstream of major Himalayan glaciers – the Baltoro (63 km) and Biafo (67 km) glaciers. The research reveals that 28.3% of the valley is highly susceptible to multiple hazards, emphasizing the urgency of informed decision-making in the region. Only 0.03% area lies in the very low susceptible category, 9.7% in the low susceptible, 60.6% in the moderately susceptible, and 1.04% in the very highly susceptible categories. These findings highlight the need for proactive measures, adaptive strategies, and sustainable development in the Shigar Valley to mitigate the escalating risks posed by deglaciation and changing hydrological patterns.
The Mediating Effect of Optimism and Resourcefulness on the Relationship between Hardiness and Cyber Delinquent Among Adolescent Students
Authors: Alenezi Fahad Neda , Hashim Shahabuddin Bin , Alanezy Mashail , Alharbi Bader Falah
Published: May 2024

There is growing interested in the role of psychological resilience in shaping adolescent students’ delinquent behaviours in secondary schools. In this article, using locus of control theory, we examine the role of psychological resilience in terms of hardiness, resourcefulness, and optimism in minimizing the occurrence of cyber delinquent behaviours of secondary school students in Saudi Arabia. We introduce optimism and resourcefulness as protective factors critical for adolescents engaging in cyber delinquent behaviour and conceptualize them as characteristics of individuals with an internal locus of control. This study examines the multiple mediation effects of optimism and resourcefulness in the relationship between hardiness and cyber delinquent behaviours. The structural equation modelling results confirm eight hypotheses and that optimism and resourcefulness mediate the relationship between hardiness and cyber delinquent behaviours. These findings demonstrate the multiple mediation effects of optimism and resourcefulness and the important role of hardiness, resourcefulness, and optimism in predicting cyber delinquent behaviour. We draw implications for theory, secondary schools, and policymakers.
New indoor propagation model proposed for future B5G/6G rollout
Authors: Bagayogo Mamadou , Hamouda Soumaya , Barrak Rim
Published: May 2024

The rollout of the fifth-generation (5G) mobile network was completed in 2020. Now, the focus shifts towards exploring the new perspectives of Beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G. Despite being a key enabler of 5G, millimeter wave technology has not yet been fully implemented due to various deployment challenges. Over the past decade, numerous efforts have been dedicated to modeling the propagation channel across the spectrum from 0.5 to 100 GHz. Propagation models such as Close-In (CI), Floating Intercept (FI), and single frequency Alpha-Beta-Gamma (ABG) have been extensively utilized. However, a significant deviation between co- and cross-polarization models has been observed in many estimated models in the literature. In this paper, we propose an optimization of the classic CI model by considering both TX and RX antenna heights, along with a correction coefficient. Initially, we estimate the propagation channel using the classic CI model in indoor environments, revealing a notable deviation between co- and cross-polarization models. Subsequently, we introduce a new model aimed at reducing this deviation and optimizing the Path Loss Exponent (PLE). With our proposed model, the estimated channel depolarization in Line-of-Sight (LOS) conditions stands at 2.8 dB, 5.6 dB, and 2.9 dB for room, corridor, and stairwell environments, respectively. In contrast, utilizing the conventional model yields channel depolarization figures of 4.8 dB, 8.2 dB, and 7 dB for the same environments. This disparity in channel depolarization can have significant implications for millimeter wave propagation, particularly during meteorological events such as rainfall.
The effect of modified oily sludge on the slurry ability and combustion performance of coal water slurry
Authors: Chen Jianyang , Li Hanxu , Zhao Shuai , Li Dong , Wang Ningnig , Shen Shuhao , Mao Lirui
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study is to find a solution to the challenging problem of disposing oily sludge (OS). Three different types of modifiers, namely, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether (AE) were employed for the simple modification of OS. The influence of modified OS on slurry ability and combustion performance were investigated. The results showed that OS modified by NaOH and SDBS can increase the concentration of coal OS slurry. However, the influence of AE modification on slurry concentration is intricate. In terms of combustion performance, the change in activation energy results in NaOH and SDBS modifications decrease T
i and T
h of coal OS slurry, while AE modification increases T
i and T
h of coal OS slurry.
Hepatic arterial buffer response in monochorionic twins with selective fetal growth restriction
Authors: Cruz Jader de Jesus , Bernardeco Joana , Rijo Claudia , Cohen Alvaro , Serrano Fatima
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Monochorionic twins (MC) have higher risk of perinatal morbi-mortality compared to singletons and dichorionic twins (DC). Selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) increases the chances of adverse outcome. Hepatic arterial buffer response (HABR) is an important mechanism for maintaining liver perfusion. We hypothesised that HABR is active in monochorionic diamniotic twins (MCDA) with sFGR where restricted fetus may have liver hypoperfusion. The objective of this study is to test whether the HAV-ratio is diminished in pregnancies affected by selective fetal growth restriction pointing to activation of HABR in the growth-restricted fetus.

Methods

sFGR was defined according to a consensus definition. Hepatic artery (HA) peak systolic velocity (PSV) was measured and its correlation with fetal Dopplers and pregnancy characteristics were determined. A ratio using HA-PSV (HAV-ratio) was calculated and its association with sFGR was established. Further analysis of HA-PSV was performed comparing z-scores between normal and growth restricted fetuses.

Results

We included 202 MCDA pregnancies, 160 (79 %) normal and 42 (21 %) with sFGR. HAV-ratio was significant different between groups. The mean HAV-ratio was 1.01 (±0.20) for normal twins and 0.77 (±0.25) for sFGR. Furthermore, HA-PSV z-scores was significant increased in in growth-restricted fetus (0.94±1.45), while in normal fetuses was −0.16 (±0.97).

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that, in pregnancies with sFGR, HAV-ratio is significantly lower than in normal MCDA pregnancies. The lower HAV-ratio is due to an increase in HA PSV in the growth restricted fetus. This observation indicates an activation of HABR in the small fetus.
Regulation of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation by autophagy
Authors: Wei Yanan , Zheng Zejun , Zhang Ying , Sun Jinmeng , Xu Shuangshuang , Di Xinsheng , Ding Xiaoling , Ding Gang
Published: May 2024

Autophagy, a process that isolates intracellular components and fuses them with lysosomes for degradation, plays an important cytoprotective role by eliminating harmful intracellular substances and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells with the capacity for self-renewal that can give rise to a subset of tissues and therefore have potential in regenerative medicine. However, a variety of variables influence the biological activity of MSCs following their proliferation and transplantation in vitro. The regulation of autophagy in MSCs represents a possible mechanism that influences MSC differentiation properties under the right microenvironment, affecting their regenerative and therapeutic potential. However, a deeper understanding of exactly how autophagy is mobilized to function as well as clarifying the mechanisms by which autophagy promotes MSCs differentiation is still needed. Here, we review the current literature on the complex link between MSCs differentiation and autophagy induced by various extracellular or intracellular stimuli and the molecular targets that influence MSCs lineage determination, which may highlight the potential regulation of autophagy on MSCs’ therapeutic capacity, and provide a broader perspective on the clinical application of MSCs in the treatment of a wide range of diseases.
Role of ICAM-1 in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Ying , Fan Jingjing , Wang Xiaoli , Wu Zhongyu , Ma Weiqiang , Ma Binlin
Published: May 2024

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is related to the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors. However, the role of ICAM-1 in the regulation of growth, metastasis, and clinical prognosis of the specific molecular subtypes of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), remains to be elucidated. This study explored the role of ICAM-1 in breast cancer and its triple-negative subtypes by systematic bioinformatics methods. The results showed that the expression of ICAM-1 in breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues, especially in TNBC subtypes. In breast cancer, ICAM-1 mainly activates pathways related to apoptosis and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, while its overexpression in TNBC is associated with inflammatory response, apoptosis, and other processes. TNBC patients displaying higher ICAM-1 expression demonstrate enhanced responses to immunotherapy. High ICAM-1 expression is sensitive to drugs targeting tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. In conclusion, breast cancer is characterized by significantly high expression of ICAM-1, with TNBC subtypes expressing ICAM-1 at much higher levels than other subtypes. The diagnosis, prognosis, development, distant metastases, and immunotherapy of TNBC are correlated with high expression of ICAM-1. This research provides available data for the further study of the diagnosis and treatment of TNBC.
Experimental testing and numerical simulations of 3D-printed PETG pins used for vehicle pedals
Authors: Koksal Muhammed Ali , Yildiz Ahmet
Published: May 2024

In this study, experimental analyses and numerical simulations of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) pedal pins with optimum production parameters are performed concerning mechanical properties. The aim of this study is twofold: first, the effect of the three-dimensional (3D) manufacturing process, which has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed part, is realized experimentally. Second, the mechanical behavior of the 3D-printed clutch pedal pin is evaluated using both numerical simulation and experimental tests, which is an important application for lightweight vehicles. It is observed that the determined production parameters can significantly improve the mechanical behavior of the materials and the pin of the vehicle pedal mechanism can be replaced with a lighter structure. Thus, the results obtained in this paper are of the utmost importance for the manufacturer to choose the optimum manufacturing parameters of three-dimensional printed materials and their application to vehicle pedals and other possible parts.
Gesundheitskompetenz von Studierenden. Befunde und Interventionsansätze
Authors: Dadaczynski Kevin , Messer Melanie , Okan Orkan
Published: May 2024

Angesichts der hohen Dynamik an gesundheitsbezogenen Informationen hat die Gesundheitskompetenz in den letzten 10 Jahren auch in Deutschland einen hohen Stellenwert erfahren. Für die Bevölkerungsgruppe der Studierenden liegen mittlerweile Studienbefunde zur allgemeinen und bereichsspezifischen Gesundheitskompetenz vor. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die deutschsprachige Studienlage und stellt Ansätze der Public Health-Praxis exemplarisch vor.
Gesundheitsförderung an Hochschulen in Deutschland: Eine Übersicht
Authors: Stock Christiane
Published: May 2024

Hochschulen sind ein wichtiges Setting für Gesundheitsförderung. Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Bedeutung und Entwicklung der Gesundheitsförderung an Hochschulen in Deutschland. Dabei werden sowohl fördernde Strukturen als auch Probleme für die nachhaltige Umsetzung eines Ansatzes der Gesundheitsfördernden Hochschulen in den Blick genommen.
Promovieren mit gesundheitlichen Beeinträchtigungen oder Behinderungen
Authors: Rhein Karoline , Bauer Jana F. , Groth Susanne , Niehaus Mathilde
Published: May 2024

In Deutschland sind Promovierende mit Behinderungen und gesundheitlichen Beeinträchtigungen eine sowohl in der Forschung als auch der Praxis bisher kaum berücksichtigte Personengruppe. In diesem Beitrag fassen wir praxisrelevante Erkenntnisse für drei Handlungsfelder (Sichtbarkeit und Unterstützung, Betreuung und Förderung sowie zeitliche und rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen) aus der wissenschaftlichen Begleitung des bundesweiten Projektes PROMI – Promotion inklusive zusammen.
Empfehlungen zu Nachteilsausgleichen und Teilhabeleistungen im Studium aus rechtssoziologischer Sicht
Authors: Janßen Christina , Welti Felix
Published: May 2024

Studierende mit gesundheitlichen Beeinträchtigungen haben Anspruch auf Nachteilsausgleiche und Teilhabeleistungen, um am Studium teilhaben zu können. Insbesondere Studierende mit unsichtbaren Beeinträchtigungen verzichten aber häufig auf die Beantragung von Nachteilsausgleichen. Empfehlenswert ist eine stärkere Sensibilisierung der Lehrenden, der Ausbau von Beratungsangeboten sowie eine Verlagerung der Entscheidungskompetenzen über Nachteilsausgleiche.
Die psychische Gesundheit Studierender mit digitalen Angeboten fördern
Authors: Kählke Fanny , Pyttlik Anna , Küchler Ann-Marie , Baumeister Harald
Published: May 2024

Die Förderung der psychischen Gesundheit ist zentral für Lebensqualität, körperliches Wohlbefinden, akademische Leistungsfähigkeit und soziale Teilhabe von Studierenden. Evidenzbasierte Internet- und mobilbasierte Interventionen (IMI) können klassische psychosoziale Beratungsangebote ergänzen und eröffnen neue Wege der Versorgung. Anhand des StudiCare Projekts werden die Wirksamkeit, Adhärenz, Inanspruchnahme(-barrieren), Limitationen und zukünftige Entwicklungen vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Achtsamkeit bei Studierenden
Authors: Jansen Petra
Published: May 2024

Achtsamkeit als Eigenschaft kann als die nicht wertende Präsenz im jetzigen Moment beschrieben werden. Zentrale Aspekte der Achtsamkeit sind die Aufmerksamkeits- und Emotionsregulation, das Körperbewusstsein und die Perspektivenfähigkeit. Studierende erleben in jüngster Zeit im Studium einen größeren Stress als in früheren Jahren, sodass sich ein Stressreduzierungstraining durch Achtsamkeit anbietet. Die positive Wirkung dieser Trainings bei Studierenden konnte bereits nachgewiesen werden.
Digitale Gesundheitsförderung an Hochschulen
Authors: Salewski Christel , Schnädter Stefanie
Published: May 2024

Die Gesundheit Studierender wird durch wachsende inner- und außeruniversitäre Anforderungen beeinträchtigt. Die App Stressdown wurde als zielgruppenspezifische digitale Stressmanagement-Intervention für Fernstudierende entwickelt und evaluiert. Erste positive Ergebnisse bestätigen auch, dass die App Barrieren bei der Nutzung gesundheitsförderlicher Programme verringern kann. Diese Erkenntnisse stützen ähnliche Resultate zu digitalen Gesundheitsförderungsmaßnahmen bei Präsenzstudierenden.
Gesundheit von Fernstudierenden stärken
Authors: Pundt Johanne , Schöpke Birte
Published: May 2024

Spezielle Bedingungen des Fernstudiums charakterisieren diese Studienform. Sich der Gesundheit von Fernstudierenden zu widmen, reflektiert die Lebenswelten dieser berufstätigen Gruppe, denn aufgrund von studienbezogenen Belangen und Mehrfachbelastungen können gesundheitsbeeinträchtigende Faktoren die Folge sein. Um dem entgegenzuwirken, greifen zahlreiche zielgruppenspezifische Maßnahmen, damit eine gesundheitsförderliche Bewältigung als wesentlicher Erfolgsfaktor im Fernstudium realisiert wird.
Bewegt studieren – studieren bewegt an der Universität Bayreuth
Authors: Helten Jessica , Tittlbach Susanne
Published: May 2024

Das Projekt ‚Students BeWegt 2.0‘ setzt daran an, das Bewegungs- und Sitzverhalten von Studierenden im Setting Hochschule zu verbessern sowie deren Konzentrationsfähigkeit und das Wohlbefinden zu erhöhen. Dafür wurden sechs Maßnahmen an der Universität Bayreuth (weiter-)entwickelt und implementiert. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen den Erfolg einer partizipativen Zusammenarbeit verschiedener Stakeholder und die Verknüpfung unterschiedlicher, bewegungsfördernder Maßnahmen.
Diagnostic accuracy of Afirma gene expression classifier, Afirma gene sequencing classifier, ThyroSeq v2 and ThyroSeq v3 for indeterminate (Bethesda III and IV) thyroid nodules: a meta-analysis
Authors: Vardarli Irfan , Tan Susanne , Görges Rainer , Krämer Bernhard K , Herrmann Ken , Brochhausen Christoph
Published: May 2024

Objective

The management of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology (ITN) is still a challenge. To evaluate the performance of commercial molecular tests for ITN, we performed this comprehensive meta-analysis.

Methods

We performed an electronic search using PubMed/Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Studies assessing the diagnostic accuracy of Afirma gene expression classifier (GEC), Afirma gene sequencing classifier (GSC), ThyroSeq v2 (TSv2), or ThyroSeq v3 (TSv3) in patients with ITN (only Bethesda category III or IV) were selected; Statistical analyses were performed by using Stata.

Results

Seventy-one samples (GEC, n = 38; GSC, n = 16; TSv2, n = 9; TSv3, n = 8) in 53 studies, involving 6490 fine needle aspirations (FNAs) with ITN cytology with molecular diagnostics (GEC, GSC, TSv2, or TSv3), were included in the study. The meta-analysis showed the following pooled estimates: sensitivity 0.95 (95% CI: 0.94–0.97), specificity 0.35 (0.28–0.43), positive likelihood ratio (LR+) 1.5 (1.3–1.6), and negative likelihood ratio (LR−) 0.13 (0.09–0.19), with the best performance for TSv3 (area under the ROC curve 0.95 (0.93–0.96), followed by TSv2 (0.90 (0.87–0.92)), GSC (0.86 (0.82–0.88)), and GEC (0.82 (0.78–0.85)); the best rule-out property was observed for GSC (LR−, 0.07 (0.02–0.19)), followed by TSv3 (0.11 (0.05–0.24)) and GEC (0.16 (0.10–0.28), and the best rule-in was observed for TSv2 (LR+, 2,9 (1.4–4.6)), followed by GSC (1.9 (1.6–2.4)). A meta-regression analysis revealed that study design, Bethesda category, and type of molecular test were independent factors.

Conclusion

We showed that in patients with ITN, TSv3 has the best molecular diagnostic performance, followed by TSv2, GSC, and GEC. As regards rule-out malignancy, GSC, and rule-in, TSV2 is superior to other tests.
Harnessing the power of AI in healthcare: benefits, concerns, and challenges for medical personnel training
Authors: Puri Astha , Mathur Rohan , Sindhu Nehal
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in healthcare, offering numerous benefits such as improved diagnostics, personalized treatments, and enhanced patient care. However, its integration into medical personnel training comes with both opportunities and challenges. This research article explores the benefits of AI in healthcare training for doctors and other healthcare providers across various hospital departments, while also addressing concerns and challenges associated with its implementation. Recommendations and implications for optimizing AI integration in medical training are discussed.
NEW METHOD OF SULFADIAZINE RESIDUE BIODEGRADATION IN POULTRY MANURE BY SPORE-BOUNDING LACCASE
Authors: Chaijak Pimprapa
Published: May 2024

Antibiotics have been used in livestock farming worldwide. In poultry farming, sulfonamide antibiotics are mainly used to inhibit microbial infection. Sulfadiazine (SDZ) is one type of sulfonamide that is secreted into the ecosystem through feces and urine owing to its low adsorption and degradation in the animal intestine. In this study, the spore-bound laccase from the Bacillus sp. strains was investigated for its potential for degradation of SDZ. The highest laccase activity was selected to degrade the SDZ residue in the poultry feces. The results demonstrated that the spore-bound laccase of Bacillus sp. PM45 successfully reduced the residue of SDZ in poultry manure by 98.00±0.50 %. This work gained new knowledge and the method is cost-effective and more eco-friendly for antibiotic residue treatment.
ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONALITY OF FOREST AND STREAM CORRIDORS IN AN AREA OF THE PLAINS PIEDMONT IN CASANARE
Authors: Briceño-Vanegas Guillermo , Gallego-Herrera Carolina
Published: May 2024

Between 2010 and 2020 a study was conducted on the functionality of the ecological corridors within the San José de Matadepantano farm, a property of 811 ha located in plains piedmont, which alternates poorly drained savannas, swamps, and forests, with land uses for agriculture, livestock, and the infrastructure of a rural university campus. To evaluate the functionality of the forest corridors, length, amplitude, coverage area, and continuity metrics within the landscape were estimated using multiannual LANDSAT images; additionally, field visits were made to record possible forest gaps that could affect the flow of fauna through the corridors. In order to determine the functionality of the stream corridors, four sampling points were chosen along caños Tiestal and Güio, where physiographic and bathymetric profiles were modeled using the SURFER 15 software, in addition, spatial heterogeneity was calculated using the Shannon-Wiener index, physiognomy and floristic composition of the streamside vegetation was represented in scale graphic profiles, the percent distribution of aquatic habitats was determined and species diversity of fish communities was calculated. Findings obtained during the last decade allow us to conclude that the ecological corridors maintain their functionality with an active biotic flow in both forest and stream corridors. However, critical points were detected where the forests could lose their connectivity, which would affect the sustainability and transit of regional biodiversity.
ANOMALIES IN THREE FROG SPECIES FROM EASTERN AMAZONIA
Authors: Pedroso-Santos Fillipe , Kaefer Igor Luis , Costa-Campos Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2024

We reported anomalies in three anuran species belonging to two families: Craugastoridae (Pristimantis gutturalis and P. chiastonotus), and Bufonidae (Rhinella castaneotica). All records were found in two conservation units, a well-preserved and protected area of the Amazonian rainforest in the state of Amapa, eastern Amazon. The anomalies detected were anophthalmia (characterized by the absence of one or both eyes) in P. gutturalis and P. chiastonotus, and brachydactyly (digit shortened) in R. castaneotica. Further ecotoxicological studies of anurans populations in protected areas are needed to investigate the causes of anomalies.
EFECTO DEL GLIFOSATO SOBRE LA MICROBIOTA Y LA ACTIVIDAD ENZIMÁTICA EN RIZÓSFERA DE PLANTAS RIPARIAS
Authors: López-Chávez Mariana Y. , Infante-Mata Dulce , Álvarez-Legorreta Teresa , Dunn Michael F. , Guillén-Navarro Karina
Published: May 2024

El glifosato es un herbicida foliar detectado en suelo, sedimento y agua, que ocasiona daños no visibles en organismos no blanco, pudiendo afectar la diversidad, estructura y funcionamiento de las comunidades microbianas asociadas a la vegetación riparia que provee de servicios ecosistémicos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue 1) determinar las cuentas viables de microorganismos y 2) analizar cómo se afectan las actividades enzimáticas asociadas al metabolismo del carbono, fósforo y nitrógeno en la rizósfera de plantas riparias (Fimbristylis dichotoma, Ludwigia octovalvis y Typha domingensis) expuestas a glifosato. Para mantener el micro-hábitat en la rizósfera, se colectaron plantas con el mismo suelo donde habitaban. A las plantas se les aplicó 50 mg de glifosato ácido equivalente (ae)/L a nivel de suelo, y se mantuvieron por 15 días. Después, a partir de muestras de rizósfera, se aislaron y cuantificaron actinomicetos, bacterias totales (incluyendo actinomicetos) y hongos, y se analizó la actividad de 19 enzimas relacionadas con el metabolismo de P, C y N. Por la presencia del herbicida, se encontró que fueron afectadas negativamente 1) las células bacterianas principalmente, en comparación con actinomicetos y hongos, y 2) las poblaciones microbianas aisladas de la rizósfera de L. octovalvis en comparación con F. dichotoma y T. domingensis. Las determinaciones de actividades enzimáticas mostraron que el metabolismo del fósforo y carbono fueron estimulados positivamente por el glifosato. La información obtenida permite identificar la respuesta de la diversidad microbiana cultivable y la diversidad funcional de rizósfera de plantas de importancia ecológica.
Weeds and compacted soil in the establishment of an urban garden using the biointensive approach: Experiences and limitations
Authors: Nocua Iván , Galindez Karen del Pilar , Cordero Juan Pablo , Bernal Allison , Serna Julián , Guzmán Omar David , Camargo Cristian , Parra Quijano Mauricio
Published: May 2024

The interest of people in consuming their own agricultural products is on the rise, leading to an increase in the number of urban gardens established in Bogotá over the past years. These gardens operated using the biointensive method as a model for urban agriculture present an environmentally sustainable alternative. However, this system comes with challenges and limitations that may hinder the establishment of such a project. To test this, an urban garden focused on biosystems with high levels of agricultural biodiversity was established within a greenhouse of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá campus. This was carried out in an area with a covered and an uncovered section. A weed germination trial was conducted in planting containers, assessing the relative representation of weeds in two random samplings taken from different containers over a two-month measurement period and a previous soil analysis was realized to evaluate the physical and chemical conditions of the soil. Consequently, 13 weed species were identified in the soil bank of weeds, with Veronica spp. being the most relatively represented in both samplings. However, within the established orchard, the predominant plants were those belonging to the Poaceae family, such as Lolium temulentum and Cenchrus clandestinus. Finally, through the biointensive method and the addition of organic materials such as biochar and regular topsoil, soil properties like structure, porosity, and friability were improved. This, in turn, enabled better root development and the successful establishment of various cultivars in the garden.
Aplicación de una jalea de caléndula al 1% en pacientes con alveolitis
Authors: Bosch–Nuñez Ana Ibis , Moreno–Montoya Arileidis , Tejeda–Bertot Maylen Maidelín , Griñán–Semanat Dianne Yurien , Landazuri–Llago Sanlia
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: demostrar los beneficios terapéuticos del uso de una jalea de caléndula al 1% en pacientes con alveolitis. Métodos: se realizó una intervención terapéutica en el Policlínico Julián Grimau, provincia Santiago de Cuba, Cuba, entre enero y junio de 2019. Por muestreo no probabilístico se reclutó una muestra de 24 pacientes con diagnóstico de alveolitis seca o húmeda, distribuyéndose en dos grupos: A (control) y B (estudio), los cuales recibieron tratamiento convencional y jalea de caléndula al 1%, respectivamente. Se analizaron las variables: edad, sexo, tipo de alveolitis, tiempo de remisión del dolor y de cicatrización, respuesta al tratamiento (mejorado y no mejorado) y beneficios terapéuticos. Se empleó el porcentaje como medida de resumen y el test estadístico Ji al cuadrado de Independencia con un nivel de significación (a) de 0,05. Resultados: se evidenció un predominio de la alveolitis en pacientes con 19-59 años de edad (50,0%), del sexo femenino (66,7%) y del tipo húmeda (75,0%). En ambos grupos de tratamiento, el mayor porcentaje de los pacientes (17) refirió alivio del dolor a las 48 horas. En el 83,3% de los pacientes, incluidos en el grupo B, se observó menor tiempo de cicatrización. El 100% de los pacientes se categorizó como mejorado. Conclusiones: la jalea de caléndula al 1% resulta beneficiosa, dada su capacidad analgésica y cicatrizante en el tratamiento de pacientes con alveolitis.
Nuevos hospederos y registros de ácaros fitófagos para Costa Rica: período 2002-2008
Authors: Aguilar Hugo , Murillo Pamela
Published: May 2024

Este trabajo intenta actualizar las especies de ácaros fitófagos identificadas para Costa Rica, con sus respectivas plantas hospedantes, desde el año 2002 hasta junio de 2008. Se procesó el material vegetal provisto por productores, técnicos, estudiantes e interesados, así como el recolectado por el personal del laboratorio de Acarología de la Universidad de Costa Rica y se identificó. Se mencionan 159 nuevos hospedantes para ácaros fitófagos, agrupados en 52 familias de plantas, para Costa Rica. Tetranychus urticae, de la familia Tetranychidae, es la especie que se encontró en mayor abundancia, informándose de 49 nuevos hospederos para el país. Asimismo, se recolectaron otras especies de tetraníquidos: Tetranychus abacae, T. ludeni, T. marianae, T. mexicanus, T. neocaledonicus, T. tumidus, Oligonychus yothersi, Panonychus citri, Schizotetranychus sp., Sonotetranychus vaneyndhoveni, Mononychellus estradai, Eutetranychus banksi y Paraponychus sp. Se registra a Brevipalpus californicus, B. obovatus y B. phoenicis, dentro de las familia Tenuipalpidae, junto con Tenuipalpus pacificus, específico de orquídeas. Se incluye la especie Tuckerella pavoniformis, de la familia Tuckerellidae, encontrada en un nuevo hospedante para Costa Rica y el mundo. Dentro de la familia Tarsonemidae, Polyphagotarsonemus latus y Phytonemus pallidus, fueron recolectados en su rol de plagas en diversos cultivos, así como Hemitarsonemus tepidariorum en helecho hoja de cuero (Rumohra adiantiformis) y Steneotarsonemus spinki en arroz. Ácaros de la familia Eriophyidae fueron recolectados de diversos hospederos, destacándose que la mayoría de ellos son especies no informadas de otras áreas por lo que, muy probablemente, son nuevas para la ciencia. Por último, se expone la descripción del reconocimiento de campo para algunas especies escogidas dentro de las 5 familias estudiadas.
Densidad de siembra del girasol forrajero
Authors: Escalante-Estrada Luis Enrique , Escalante-Estrada Yolanda Isabel , Linzaga-Elizalde Carmen
Published: May 2024

Con el objetivo de promover el girasol como un cultivo forrajero, se evaluó el efecto de 4 densidades de siembra (75.000, 100.000, 125.000 y 150.000 plantas.ha-1) en el rendimiento de forraje para consumo de ganado. Las evaluaciones fueron realizadas al inicio de la floración. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar. El análisis de varianza mostró que la densidad de siembra modifica significativamente (p=0,05) el rendimiento del girasol. Con 75.000 plantas. ha-1 se obtuvo los valores más altos, por planta, en diámetro del tallo (1,2 cm), peso seco de la hoja (30,3 g), peso seco del tallo (50,7 g), y peso seco total de la planta (98,4 g), también la relación hoja: tallo siempre fue > 0,7. Con la densidad de 150.000 plantas.ha-1 se logró los valores más altos, por hectárea, en altura de la planta (102,3 cm), peso seco de la hoja (3,3 t.ha-1), peso seco del tallo (4,8 t.ha-1), y peso seco total de la planta (9,5 t.ha-1). Así, la densidad de siembra más alta afectó negativamente la biomasa por planta, pero positivamente la biomasa por hectárea.
Evaluación de dos híbridos de papaya introducidos en Cuba
Authors: Alonso Maruchi , Tornet Yoel , Ramos Roberto , Farrés Emilio , Rodríguez Douglas
Published: May 2024

En el presente trabajo se realizó la caracterización morfológica de 2 híbridos de papaya "Tainung-01" y "Scarlett Princess"introducidos en el banco de germoplasma del Instituto de Investigaciones en Fruticultura Tropical, La Habana, Cuba. Y fueron comparados con el cultivar cubano Maradol. Los resultados corroboraron que los híbridos presentan características fenotípicas del Grupo Formosa, frutos de forma elongata en las plantas hermafroditas. El peso medio de los frutos es de 1,6 kg ("Tainung-01") y 1,7 kg ("Scarlett Princess"), de pulpa color naranja-rojiza y roja, respectivamente, así como, con una productividad entre 98,5 y 63,8 kg.planta-1, características que evidencian la posibilidad de utilizarlos en programas de mejoramiento genético del cultivo y directamente por los productores.
Crecimiento y reproducción de la lombriz roja (Eisenia foetida) en cinco sustratos orgánicos
Authors: Durán Lolita , Henríquez Carlos
Published: May 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el crecimiento, reproducción y adaptación de la lombriz Eisenia foetida en 5 sustratos orgánicos: se utilizó estiércol vacuno, broza de café, residuos de banano, restos de follaje de ornamentales y residuos de origen doméstico. Los materiales fueron previamente estabilizados y colocados en volúmenes de 0,03 m3 dentro de cajones de madera, a los cuales se les adicionó una población de 600 individuos maduros, lo que equivale a 20000 individuos.m3. El proceso de lombricompostaje tuvo una duración de 3 meses, durante los cuales se realizó 3 muestreos. El peso promedio de los individuos varió de 0,34-0,66 g. Estadísticamente se diferenciaron 2 grupos: doméstico y banano (0,58 y 0,66 g, respectivamente) y broza, estiércol y ornamental (0,40, 0,42 y 0,36 g, respectivamente). La reproducción y sobrevivencia al final del experimento fue diferente para cada uno de los sustratos utilizados, siendo el de broza el que presentó los mayores valores en población final y domestico con los menores (16900 y 408 individuos de los 600 inoculados inicialmente). Las correlaciones mostraron un comportamiento inverso entre reproducción y peso de los individuos. Se concluye que tanto el tamaño de los individuos como su tasa de reproducción son influenciados por el tipo de sustrato.
Phase-field simulations opening new horizons in corrosion research
Authors: Martínez-Pañeda Emilio
Published: May 2024

This article overviews a new, recent success of phase-field modeling: its application to predicting the evolution of the corrosion front and the associated structural integrity challenges. Despite its important implications for society, predicting corrosion damage has been an elusive goal for scientists and engineers. The application of phase-field modeling to corrosion not only enables tracking the electrolyte–metal interface, but also provides an avenue to explicitly simulate the underlying mesoscale physical processes. This lays the groundwork for developing the first generation of mechanistic corrosion models, which can capture key phenomena such as film rupture and repassivation, the transition from activation- to diffusion-controlled corrosion, interactions with mechanical fields, microstructural and electrochemical effects, intergranular corrosion, material biodegradation, and the interplay with other environmentally assisted damage phenomena such as hydrogen embrittlement.

Graphical abstract
Optimization of biological heart valve prosthesis "UniLine": new tools for improving function
Authors:   Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Onishchenko Pavel , Klyshnikov Kirill , Ovcharenko Eugene
Published: May 2024

According to various estimates, more than 9,000 artificial heart valve implants were performed in specialized medical centers in Russian Federation in 2020 19.1 % of these implants were based on animal tissues. Such devices have high biocompatibility, but after 10–15 years from one third to one half require reoperation due to the development of various dysfunctions. Despite the advantages of biological prosthetic heart valves and the prevalence of their use in the clinic, there is a need for their optimization and refinement to improve postoperative hemodynamics and increase life spin. In this work, we applied an improved method to create the geometry of a leaflets and its evaluation to the commercial prosthesis «UniLine» (Kemerovo, CJSC «NeoKor») 23 standard sizes. An approach is demonstrated that includes a screening study of a large number of geometries (N = 6766) and detailed modeling (N = 4) of selected designs as part of the final product, taking into account interaction with the composite frame. The results obtained demonstrate the ability of the proposed method to optimize existing commercial models of prosthetic heart valves. An expanded set of construction parameters allowed us to select a design with peak maximum principal stresses of 1.89 and 0.68 MPa, as well as providing an open area of 233.08 and 267.34 mm2 with a maximum possible 314 mm2 for detailed and screening studies, respectively. At the same time, the area of the lumen in the diastolic phase in the prosthesis does not exceed 0.4 mm2 for the models shown. The presented results show the possibility of the method to create and evaluate "optimal" designs of flap devices according to a number of critical metrics for ensuring better hemo- and biomechanics – stresses occurring during the cardiac cycle, the presence of a twisting effect in the diastolic phase, as well as the ability to ensure maximum orifice area and locking quality.
The numerical simulation of a new biomimetic silicone layer component of total knee prosthesis
Authors:   Research Laboratory in Production, Maache Abdelhak , Amadji Moussa ,   Laboratory of Innovation in Construction, Ameddah Hacene , Mazouz Hammoudi
Published: May 2024

The knee osteoarthritis requires the latter joint replacement by a total knee prosthe-sis (TKP). Generally, this prosthesis consists of three parts; a femoral component in CoCrMo cobalt alloy, a tibial insert in polyethylene, and a tibial tray in titanium alloy Ti6AL4V. This type of prosthesis is not 100 % comfortable, after years of implantation, the tibial insert (polyethylene) degrades and gives more wear debris, which affects the bio-functionality of this prosthesis and the patient life. In this study, two models of total knee prosthesis are designed and analyzed using SolidWorks and Ansys software, the first model is the existing three-part prosthesis, and the second model is based on the theory of Mooney – Rivlin method prosthesis with a new layer of silicone component. In this paper, shock simulation of a free fall from a height of 75 cm is studied. The results of the displacement comparison between the first model 0.039 mm, and the second model 1.41 mm. In comparison with the contraction of the biological knee joint show that the second model has a contraction closer to the biological knee. It can be deduced that this total knee prosthesis has a hyper-elastic behavior closer to the behavior of a biological knee as well, which gives more stability and provides a cushioning role for the knee compared to the existing TKP.