bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early Flood Warning System
Authors: Charles Chiwandira  , Joel Mulepa
Published: May 2024

The human are still not able to battle the natural calamities besides huge development in technologies. The fact is that the natural calamities can neither be abolished nor be prevented. But the technology has been developed gigantically in order to prevent loss of life. This project is totally based on informing the civilians about the upcoming flood so that they can evacuate the danger area before the flood hits. For detecting the rise in water level Ultrasonic Sensor and Water Level Sensor is used. For detecting the change in humidity and temperature Humidity and Temperature Sensor is used. The data from the DTH11 and HC-SR04 is read by the microcomputer and analyze the data in order to detect the level of water. If the level of water is less than the defined threshold value then the microcomputer turns the LED and buzzer on. Furthermore, the data obtained from the microcomputer is uploaded to the database. The values of the sensors updating in real time can be monitored in database table. The content of the database table is now linked with the web API (Application Programming Interface) and trigger is set. And now when the level of water crosses the threshold value the trigger is triggered and the web API sends the SMS to the phone number registered to it
BDS Real-time Satellite Clock Offsets Estimation with Three Different Datum Constraints
Authors: Huang Guanwen , Xie Wei , Fu Wenju , Li Pingli , Wang Haohao , Yue Fan
Published: May 2024

A clock offset datum should be selected to separate the satellite and receiver clock offset when estimating the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellite clock offset. However, the applicable conditions and performance of the estimated satellite clock offset vary for different clock offset datums. In this paper, the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) real-time satellite clock offset is estimated by using the undifferenced (UD) model with three datum constraints: receiver clock datum, satellite clock datum, and zero-mean condition (ZMC) datum. The constraint conditions of three clock offset datums are discussed, the transformation relationship among the three datums constraints is derived, and the characteristics of three clock offset datums are analyzed. One hundred stations were used to perform the experiments, and the results show mean standard deviation (STD) values of ±0.118, ±0.124, and ±0.101 ns for the receiver clock, satellite clock, and ZMC datum, respectively. The mean clock offset model precisions with the three datum are ±0.497, ±0.646, and ±0.442 ns, respectively. The frequency stability with ZMC datum results showed the best performance when the integration time is less than 10,000 s. For precise point positioning (PPP), the ZMC datum results show better performance among the three datum constraints. This study can provide a reference for clock offset datum selection for GNSS satellite clock offset estimation.
An indoor magnetic field matching positioning solution based on consumer-grade IMU for smartphone
Authors: Kuang Jian , Li Taiyu , Niu Xiaoji
Published: May 2024

Magnetic field matching positioning (MFMP) has become one of the mainstream indoor positioning methods for mass application. However, the problem of the large workload of magnetic field mapping and the instability of the magnetometer bias remains to be solved. This paper designs an indoor MFMP scheme based on consumer-grade Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs). In the magnetic field mapping stage, the high-precision poses of the smartphone obtained by combining a foot-mounted IMU, a smartphone built-in IMU, and a few control points in the building are employed to generate a magnetic field grid map with high efficiency. In the real-time positioning stage, the relative trajectory generated by pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) is used to improve the position discrimination of the magnetic field feature by adding spatial profile; and the differential magnetic field strength in the sensor frame (instead of in the reference frame) is used to achieve matching positioning that is immune to the magnetometer bias. The consistency of the magnetic field maps built using different smartphones show that the proposed magnetic mapping scheme achieves an average efficiency of 37 m2 /min and is not affected by the mapping trajectory and walking speed. The real-time positioning results using multiple smartphones show that the proposed MFMP algorithm is barely affected by the magnetometer bias, and can achieve an average RMS value of ±0.83 meters in a typical office scenario.
Innovative Formulation in Discrete Kalman Filtering with Constraints - A Generic Framework for Comprehensive Error Analysis
Authors: Wang Jianguo , Brunson Benjamin , Hu Baoxin
Published: May 2024

This manuscript establishes a generic framework for comprehensive error analysis in discrete Kalman filtering with constraints, which systematically provides a complete set of algorithmic formulas along with demonstrating an alternative process of theoretical analytics of discrete Kalman filter. This constructive work aims extensively to standardize the formulation of Kalman filter with constraints. In analogy to the similar framework for standard discrete Kalman filter (without any constraints), the proposed framework specifically considers: model formulation vs. the error sources, the solution of the state and process noise vectors, the residuals for the process noise vector and the measurement noise vector, the redundancy contribution of the predicted state vector, process noise vector and measurement vector, and other relevant essential aspects, of which some of the features are essential to comprehensive error analysis, but are nonexistent yet in the primary algorithm in Kalman filtering with constraints. Besides, the algorithmic form of the Extended Kalman filter with constraints is also provided for practical purpose. At the end, specific remarks about the developed framework are given to emphasize on its usage to a certain extend.
Bio-inspired Map Construction based on Brain Navigation Mechanism for Indoor Robots
Authors: Long Yixuan , Wang Hao , Ye Fang , Li Yibing , Sun Qian
Published: May 2024

Mapping is critical for an autonomous robot performing tasks in an unknown environment, which provides the environment information for task planning. Inspired by the presence of cells in the mammals’ brain that help mammals rapidly cognize the surroundings, considering visual ambiguity that may be happened indoors, an orientation-independent boundary cell model based on the boundary vector cells in the brain is proposed to tackle the obstacle information in the environment, and it is fused into a metric-topological map to represent the structural information which increases the functionality of the map. The simulation results show that the expression of boundaries or obstacles in the environment can be obtained through the firing rate of boundary cells, which enhances the information content of the map. Meanwhile, the algorithm can build a consistent representation of the environment with sensor noise and achieves a root mean square error of 11.42cm in a 16m×17m indoor environment, effectively calibrating the sensor drift error, and ensuring the accuracy of the map.
A Survey for GNSS Application of Ionospheric Information Extraction, Modeling, and Forecasting Techniques
Authors: Chen Jinpei , Zhi Nan , Feng Bingqing , Wei Menglong , Zhao Yi , Lu Mingquan
Published: May 2024

lonospheric information plays a signifcant role in modern communication and navigation systems, This article provides a comprehensive survey of the application, modelingmethods,and results related to ionospheric infor-mation, The article frst introduces prerequisiteknowledge of the ionosphere,and then describesthe methods and techniques used in the extrac-tion of ionospheric information, the generationof ionospheric Vertical Total Electron Content(VTEC) maps, the modeling and interpolation ofthe ionosphere, and the forecasting of ionosphericinformation, The article also provides illustrativeexamples and fgures to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented methods. Our surveyprovides insights and guidance for researchers andpractitioners interested in developing ionosphericmodeling and forecasting methods for GNSS applications.
Analysis of CYGNSS Soil Moisture Retrieval Based on ANN over a Selected Region in Ethiopia
Authors: Hailegiorgis Bemnet , Yang Dongkai , Hong Xuebao , Aung Lwin
Published: May 2024

Soil moisture (SM) plays a vital role in agriculture, ecosystem functioning, water conservation, weather predictions and climate models. High spatial and temporal frequency data of soil moisture is crucial for agricultural and other important applications. Recent advancements have brought attention to the possibility of using GNSS reflectometry (GNSS-R) for applications on land such as snow sensing, soil moisture retrieval, sea surface monitoring and other applications in addition to positioning, navigation, and timing applications of GNSS. Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) is designed to improve hurricane forecasting by studying the interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere within tropical cyclones. However recent studies show the opportunity of this system for high spatio-temporal soil moisture retrieval. This study presents a machine learning-based approach to get SM at a selected region in Ethiopia using CYGNSS data and analysis of the result. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model is developed and used to predict soil moisture. The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) global soil moisture data have been used as reference data in the ML algorithm. The proposed approach has achieved a good correlation between predicted values of soil moisture and reference values from SMAP.
Improving smartphone-based positioning accuracy with height constraint and application to pedestrian and vehicular positioning
Authors: Zangenehnejad Farzaneh , Gao Yang
Published: May 2024

Since the release of Android version 7 in 2016, the smartphone users have had access to the raw global navigation satellite system (GNSS) measurements (i.e., pseudorange, carrier-phase, Doppler, and carrier-to-noise density ratio (C/N0)) through the new application programming interface (API) called android location (API level 24). This capability opens opportunities to apply different positioning techniques, ranging from absolute to differential techniques, to the smartphone observations. Precise point positioning (PPP) is a powerful method for conducting accurate real-time positioning using a single receiver, and it can be applied to the smartphone observations as well. Most PPP smartphone positioning studies have so far focused on utilizing the GNSS only observations obtained from the smartphone's API. However, incorporating additional information as constraints, such as height information, can enhance accuracy and overall stability. Although the vertical positioning accuracy of GNSS is generally lower than the horizontal accuracy, utilizing recorded height from the smartphone GNSS chipset can still be beneficial. This incorporation increases the degree of freedom and strengthens the geometry between the receiver and satellites. In this study, we assess the effectiveness of the uncombined PPP (UPPP) model in the presence of height constraints. We utilize both pedestrian walking and vehicular datasets collected by a dual-frequency Xiaomi Mi8 device to evaluate the effect of adding height constraint to PPP model. The results demonstrate an average improvement of 22% and 26% on the root-mean-square (RMS) of horizontal error and the 50th percentile error, respectively, when employing the height constraints UPPP model. Additionally, the findings indicated a decrease in PPP convergence time, further supporting the positive impact of incorporating height constraints.
MOTIVATION AND TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS KAMULI DISTRICT. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Authors: Namuwaya Lukia , Kyokunda Evelyn Hope
Published: May 2024

Background: 
The study aims to assess the correlation between motivation and teacher performance.
Methodology: 
A cross-sectional survey was conducted. The study used a mixed-methods approach, with data collected through self-administered questionnaires and structured interviews. Data was processed, coded, and analyzed with SPSS version 21.
Results:
The correlation between teacher performance and staff development was 0.775. The correlation coefficient between teacher performance and incentives was 0.523. The coefficient for staff development was 0.646, indicating that for every unit increase in staff development, teachers' performance increased by 0.646 units. For every unit increase in recognition, teachers' performance increased by 0.723 units. “The school provides Continuous Professional Development programs to teachers”, indicated a mean response of 4.0 with a standard deviation of 1.6. On the statement “Continuous Professional Development programs allow teachers to exchange ideas and receive feedback from their colleagues”. The mean response was 2.4 with a standard deviation of 1.5. On the statement “The government periodically reviews teachers' salaries”. The mean score for this statement was 4.3, On the statement “Teachers receive verbal praise for their efforts in UPE schools of Kamuli District”, the mean response was 4.5 with a standard deviation of 0.32. The statement "Teachers possess improved teaching skills that capture pupils' attention" has a mean score of 2.8 and a standard deviation of 0.6.
Conclusion: 
The regression models show that motivation, as evaluated by staff development, incentives, and recognition, has a positive and significant impact on teacher performance in the Kamuli area. These findings emphasize the importance of providing opportunities for staff development, offering incentives, and acknowledging teachers' efforts to motivate and improve their performance in public primary schools.
Recommendation: 
The government should strengthen mentorship and coaching programs by creating a structured framework for mentorship and coaching to enhance teaching skills and practices amongst less experienced teachers.
Effectiveness of using platelet concentrate and blood clot in regenerative endodontic treatment: A systematic review and metaanalysis
Authors: Venkatakrishnan Hari Krishnan , Kothari Nihal Rajendra , Krishnappa Srinath
Published: May 2024

This review sought to compare the efficacy of blood clots, Platelet-rich Plasma (PRP), and Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF) in regenerative endodontic procedures. A systematic electronic search was conducted across major databases. The primary endpoints encompassed radiographic evidence of periapical healing, sustained root development, and root dentin thickening in studies with a follow-up duration of at least 6 months. Fourteen randomized controlled trials were encompassed within the analysis. Among these, five instances were documented as treatment failures, while the remaining studies exhibited complete resolution of symptoms across all three intervention groups. Meta-analysis was performed using failure rate data extracted from the selected studies, revealing no statistically significant discrepancies between the groups. Despite inherent limitations, the findings suggest comparable outcomes between the use of platelet concentrates as scaffolds and blood clots in the specified clinical context.
Boston Confronts a Jim Crow North, 1896–1934
Authors: Miletsky Zebulon Vance
Published: May 2024

This chapter covers the rise of “Jim Crow North” in Boston during the late-19th and early-20th century, as well as the vigorous debates that took place in the city over black political leadership and the most effective response to the new system of white supremacy and racial discrimination setting in across the country. Initially, Booker T. Washington’s “accommodationist” approach found a welcome audience in Boston among many middle-class African American leaders and the descendants of white abolitionists. Washington, who owned a summer home in a Boston suburb and sent his children school in the city, founded the Negro Business League in Boston in 1900 to spur black entrepreneurship. During the first two decades of the 20th century, though, two other titans of black political leadership with deep roots in Boston – W.E.B. DuBois and William Monroe Trotter – rose to offer scathing critiques of Washingtonian accommodationism and put forth their own visions of racial uplift. Both men were leaders of the Niagara Movement and played a role in the foundation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Each rejected Washington’s industrial education model and advocated a more direct attack on racial discrimination and segregation in Boston and beyond.
Nobody Wants These People
Authors: Shull Kristina
Published: May 2024

This chapter chronicles events surrounding the 1980 Mariel Cuban boatlift, expressions of US public xenophobia, and Carter and Reagan administration responses. It details experiences of Cubans held on US military bases including Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, daily refugee camp life, and how acts of refugee resistance and the criminalization of Mariel Cubans in US and Cuban media informed detention policy. A section of the chapter focuses on media attention and public debate surrounding queer and trans Mariel Cubans, and advocacy on their behalf. After the Reagan administration came into office in 1981, it announced a more punitive policy of detaining asylum-seekers with an overall intent to deter migration. The chapter concludes by demonstrating how the arrival and perceived mismanagement of Mariel Cubans led to the US government’s indefinite detention of thousands of Mariel Cubans throughout the decade and became a central motivation in the Reagan administration’s launching of the War on Drugs in 1982.
Endings and Beginnings
Authors: Afkhami Mahnaz
Published: May 2024

This chapter describes the tensions within SIGI, with differences focused on ideas about the place of men, the family, religion, and culture in the global women’s movement. The author decided to leave SIGI. SIGI’s areas of interest, which had largely focused on human rights education—especially in the Middle East, North Africa, and East and Central Asia—shifted to unpaid work and fisheries. SIGI could claim great success, with its publications Claiming Our Rights, Faith and Freedom: Women’s Human Rights in the Muslim World, and Muslim Women and the Politics of Participation: Implementing the Beijing Platform being in wide use in women’s studies courses at colleges and universities. The author and her family came to feel “settled” in America. Gholam edited and published ten volumes of oral histories of the leading officials of the Pahlavi era that provided the foundation for his monumental history of Iran under the two Pahlavi rulers, The Life and Times of the Shah. Her son Babak married and was working at Merrill Lynch in New York. And in 2002, the birth of her granddaughter, Saphora, was “a joy, a blessing, a window on a new life, new pleasure in life—renewal.”
Borders of Violence and Justice
Authors: Behnken Brian D.
Published: May 2024

Brian Behnken offers a sweeping examination of the interactions between Mexican-origin people and law enforcement—both legally codified police agencies and extralegal justice—across the US Southwest (especially Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas) from the 1830s to the 1930s. Representing a broad, colonial regime, police agencies and extralegal groups policed and controlled Mexican-origin people to maintain state and racial power in the region, treating Mexicans and Mexican Americans as a “foreign” population that they deemed suspect and undesirable. White Americans justified these perceptions and the acts of violence that they spawned with racist assumptions about the criminality of Mexican-origin people, but Behnken details the many ways Mexicans and Mexican Americans responded to violence, including the formation of self-defense groups and advocacy organizations. Others became police officers, vowing to protect Mexican-origin people from within the ranks of law enforcement. Mexican Americans also pushed state and territorial governments to professionalize law enforcement to halt abuse. The long history of the border region between the United States and Mexico has been one marked by periodic violence, but Behnken shows us in unsparing detail how Mexicans and Mexican Americans refused to stand idly by in the face of relentless assault.
Conclusion
Authors: Behnken Brian D.
Published: May 2024

The Conclusion summarizes the main themes of the book, focusing on the American takeover of the Southwest, the formation of the criminal justice system, anti-Mexican violence and lynching, Mexican American service in law enforcement, Mexican and Mexican American criminality, banditry, and Mexican and Mexican American resistance to these things. It also analyzes all of these concepts through the theoretical framework of institutional racism. Finally, the Conclusion sets up the author's next book project on Mexican Americans and policing, which focuses on the period from 1935 to the present day.
Fire in the Mountain
Authors: Studnicki-Gizbert Daviken
Published: May 2024

This chapter provides a political history of mine and smelter-workers from the Revolution to 1948. Building on the theme of their moral ecology, the chapter draws attention to how workers pushed occupational health into state regulation, culminating in key clauses of the Constitution of 1917. It then follows the progress of mine and smelter-worker unions and cooperatives from the 1920s to 1940s. It closes with a narrative account of the 1948 strike against the American mining and smelting company ASARCO that saw the shut-down and re-abandonment of the mines of Cerro de San Pedro.
Civil Rights or Human Rights? 1950–1967
Authors: Adjetey Wendell Nii Laryea
Published: May 2024

Under the umbrella of human rights—not civil rights, which require nationalist political instruments—the protections that Canada afforded racial and ethnic minorities, women, and workers improved gradually in the postwar period. After its distinguished contribution to the Allied and Commonwealth cause in the Second World War, Canada emerged as an aspiring middle power, but it remained in the perpetual shadow of US military and economic might. Nonetheless, Canadian officials hedged the country’s postwar national interests by aligning with multilateral institutions, such as the United Nations, which they believed could rein in the imperial ambitions of the United States.
34–24–36
Authors: Purkiss Ava
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines Black women’s beauty pageants, newspaper and magazine articles, cookbooks, and advice literature between 1937 and 1960 to understand what constituted the ideal fit Black female body in the mid-twentieth century. It explores how turn-of-the-century ideas of physical and civic fitness manifested in the actual and often idealized bodies of postwar Black women. The chapter argues that through exercise and dieting practices, Black women portrayed themselves as ascending, successful, and ideal Black citizens in the postwar period.
Falling Bush
Authors: Goodman Carly
Published: May 2024

Cameroon’s population of anglophones (English-speakers) and francophones (French-speakers) frequently framed emigration differently. Anglophones who felt politically and economically marginalized often sought to travel abroad temporarily as “been-tos” and later as “bushfallers.” To “fall bush” was associated with going elsewhere, especially wealthy, majority-white countries, to do labor and to return back home with abundance. Francophones, on the other hand, framed emigration in more ambivalent terms, seeing it as a risk, given their perhaps more secure place in the officially bilingual country.
Amadou Diallo
Authors: Goodman Carly
Published: May 2024

Although the visa lottery framed immigration to the United States as a prize to be won, some immigrants found that they entered a society shaped by racial hierarchies, one that wasn’t as welcoming as promised. Even as the lottery helped boost African immigration the United States, increasing Black immigration and expanding the diversity of Black Americans, the endurance of anti-Black racism shaped people’s experiences within the United States. Celebrations of African immigrants as particularly deserving, as a new “model minority,” reflected anti-Black thinking that continued to flourish and frame the immigration experience.
A Medical Monument
Authors: Urban Kelly
Published: May 2024

This chapter explores the history of the Topes de Collantes Sanatorium, which functioned as a symbol and site for political contestation from the 1930s through the 1950s. The tuberculosis sanatorium illustrates the contradictions of health policy in republican Cuba, especially under authoritarian populist governments. These governments prioritized a disease of the marginalized masses and devoted considerable resources to its eradication. However, these efforts were mediated, marred, and erratically executed due to each administration’s political objectives, which often led them to ignore technocratic advice. As a result, by the time the sanatorium was finally inaugurated in 1954 as the General Batista Sanatorium, it fell short on the quantity of promised beds, one key metric that many physicians and citizens considered the definition of success for the facility. This sanatorium was thus a major component in the argument made by laypeople and medical professionals that there was a national crisis in hospital care, and they insisted that the state had failed to provide a major component of health citizenship. This gap between citizen expectations and government performance influenced declining state legitimacy, growing mobilization against Batista’s regime, and increasing support for the Cuban Revolution.
Stoking Moral Vocations
Authors: Delehanty Jack
Published: May 2024

This chapter explains the cultural project at the heart of faith-based community organizing: identifying the major points of discomfort in one’s life, learning to understand the social causes of that discomfort, and channeling one’s spiritual energy—that is, one’s moral vocation—toward not only overcoming discomfort, but also remedying its causes through collective action with others. ELIJAH participants learn to construct life stories that situate past and present discomfort within a framework of shared struggle. Through relational practices, they affirm that their unique experiences have common root causes and dedicate themselves to working together to disrupt the social processes that bring pain into people’s lives.
Introduction
Authors: Brock Julia , Faulkenbury Evan
Published: May 2024

In the introductory essay, the editors explain the need for a book that bridges public history and pedagogy. As public history becomes a popular field of study, more academic departments will look to add similar courses to their curriculum. The eleven essays in this book are insider accounts of what teaching in the public history classroom looks like. From writing the syllabus, to classroom interactions with students, to grading, to interactions within the wider community, this book provides real world examples and scenarios to empower historians to confidently teach public history at their college or university.
Cross Jordan into Canaan and I Want to Go
Authors: Giddens Elizabeth
Published: May 2024

In 1940, former Oconaluftee Township resident Emma Conner Fisher began an annual Smokemont Baptist Church revival and reunion, which takes place in August. The pastor of Tow String Baptist Church nearby often organizes and leads the services. Descendants from Oconaluftee Valley residents attend evening services throughout the week, culminating in a Sunday church service and picnic. Visitors are welcome. Many attendees make an annual pilgrimage to see relatives and old friends and to reconnect to the land and church community that has long been a spiritual and cultural home.
The Multiracial Promise
Authors: Mantler Gordon K.
Published: May 2024

In April 1983, a dynamic, multiracial political coalition did the unthinkable, electing Harold Washington as the first Black mayor of Chicago. Washington's victory was unlikely not just because America's second city was one of the nation's most racially balkanized but also because it came at a time when Ronald Reagan and other political conservatives seemed resurgent. Washington's initial win and reelection in 1987 established the charismatic politician as a folk hero. It also bolstered hope among Democrats that the party could win elections by pulling together multiracial urban voters around progressive causes. Yet what could be called the Washington era revealed clear limits to electoral politics and racial coalition building when decoupled from neighborhood-based movement organizing. Drawing on a rich array of archives and oral history interviews, Gordon K. Mantler offers a bold reexamination of the Harold Washington movement and moment. Taking readers into Chicago's street-level politics and the often tense relationships among communities and their organizers, Mantler shows how white supremacy, deindustrialization, dysfunction, and voters' own contradictory expectations stubbornly impeded many of Washington's proposed reforms. Ultimately, Washington's historic victory and the thwarted ambitions of his administration provide a cautionary tale about the peril of placing too much weight on electoral politics above other forms of civic action—a lesson today's activists would do well to heed.
We Were Invisible
Authors: Mantler Gordon K.
Published: May 2024

After more than a decade of organizing focused on Chicano and labor movement interests, progressive Latino activists such as Rudy Lozano, Jesus “Chuy” Garcia, and Linda Coronado shifted their attention to explicit electoral politics in Chicago in response to harsh immigration policy and anti-immigrant politics both nationally and in Illinois. Partnering with key Black and white allies, including state legislator Harold Washington and neighborhood activists such as Helen Shiller, these activists established the city’s burgeoning Latino population – Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and people of other backgrounds – as essential citywide partners in a progressive political coalition. This transformation of the city’s Latino politics occurred through the new Independent Political Organization of the Near West Side and its support for a Mexican American candidate for the state Legislature for the first time.
The Civil War, Reconstruction, and the Rise of Jim Crow Health Care, 1862–1900
Authors: McQueeney Kevin
Published: May 2024

Chapter 3 examines one of the “crucial turning points” in the city’s health care history. During federal occupation of New Orleans, an opportunity existed to end racialized health care. While Louisiana abolished slavery in 1864 and enfranchised Black voters, neither state nor federal officials enforced “public rights” by requiring integration of hospitals. Instead, the federal government created the short-lived and underfunded system of Freedmen’s Hospitals for Black patients, which ended in 1869. From 1868 to 1877, Charity Hospital desegregated. However, with the end of Reconstruction and return to power of the Redeemers, medical leaders purposely chose to institutionalize racialized health care, with private hospitals and the University of Louisiana refusing to accept Black patients or students, and Charity Hospital treating Black patients in separate wards. Excluded from health care, and subject to many other aspects of discrimination, the racial health gap widened dramatically. This chapter also examines the early, unsuccessful attempts to create Black medical schools in New Orleans in the 1870s and 1880s, and the final successful creation of the Flint Medical College in 1889, and Flint Goodridge Hospital in 1896.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONNECTING, ORGANIZING, REFLECTING, EXTENDING (CORE) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERFIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA DI SDN KESAMBI
Authors: Sriwigati Mila , Kurniawan Machful Indra
Published: May 2024

In the world of education, it is found that some students experience difficulties in understanding the concept of critical thinking and strategies for applying it in solving various problems. These limitations can affect the cognitive development and analytical skills of students. The research population is 28 students. This research method uses a quantitative experiment, the type of Pre-Experiment research, assisted by SPSS 26 software. The results show that to test the hypothesis and answer the problem formulation, the data analysis technique uses a paired t-test. This can be seen from the average value when given the P treatment Connecting, Organizing, Reflecting, Extending (CORE) Learning Model Against Students' Critical Thinking Ability in Pancasila Education Subject at SDN Kesambi. After testing the hypothesis using the Paired T-Test t test, the average pretest data is smaller than the average posttest data. Sig value is obtained. (2-tailed) is less than 0.05 and the eta value is more than 0.14 meaning that there is an effect of using the Connecting, Organizing, Reflecting, Extending (CORE) Learning Model on Students' Critical Thinking Ability in Pancasila Education Subjects at SDN Kesambi Meaning there is an increase in student learning outcomes after applying the use of the Connecting, Organizing, Reflecting, Extending (CORE) Learning Model Effect on Students' Critical Thinking Ability in Pancasila Education Subjects at SDN Kesambi
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS APLIKASI ARTICULATE STORYLINE 3 PADA MATERI DAYS AND MONTHS KELAS IV DI MI ISLAMIYAH BANAT SENORI KABUPATEN TUBAN
Authors: Fithriyah Dewi Niswatul , Habibullah M. Romadlon , Istiqomah Ayu Dwi
Published: May 2024

Learning is the process of student interaction with learning resources in order to achieve a learning goal. Good learning is learning that is able to increase students' thinking power to be more critical, and able to foster student creativity. Rapid developments in the field of technology make the world of education have a new direction. In the past, education was only limited to education, but in the current era it has turned into edutaiment.  The purpose of this research is to find out the development of interactive learning media at MI Islamiyah Banat Senori on grade IV English material. As well as to determine the feasibility validation of interactive learning media that has been developed on the material of days and months grade IV. Researchers use the R&D (research and development) research method. This type of research refers to development research. This research will produce a certain type of product which will then be tested for the effectiveness of the media that has been made. The products that have been produced are expected to be able to provide benefits to those who need them widely. This method consists of five stages, namely analyze, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The learning media developed is an interactive-based articulate storyline 3 application for grade IV English subjects. The media can be used both in online and face-to-face learning. The percentage of trial scores at the pre-test stage was 54.7, while at the post-test stage was 86.3%. So it can be concluded that there is an increase in scores in each group after using interactive learning media that has been developed by researchers.
PENGAYAAN BAHASA WOLIO DENGAN METODE ROLE PLAY DI KALANGAN USIA SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM LINGKUNGAN BENTENG KERATON BUTON
Authors: Syaharuddin Hartinawanti , Nurhayati  , Imbo Aswan
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini berfokus merevitalisasi dan meningkatkan kemampuan penggunaan serta penguasaan Bahasa Wolio melalui cerita rakyat dengan metode Role Play. Metode penelitian ini adalah mix method yakni kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dimana metode kuantitatif menggunakan pendekatan eksperimen (one-shot case study), dan metode kualitatif menggunakan model Miles and Huberman yaitu data reduction, data display, dan conclusion drawing/verification. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kemampuan awal penguasaan bahasa Wolio siswa diperoleh nilai rata-rata 66,88 dengan persentase 62,5%. Setelah menerapkan pengayaan bahasa melalui cerita rakyat dengan metode Role Play diperoleh nilai rata-rata 81,25 dengan persentase 84,4%. Dapat disimpulkan tingkat kemampuan penguasaan bahasa Wolio siswa kelas V SD Negeri 1 Baadia 84,4%-62,5%=21,9%. Proses pengayaan bahasa Wolio melalui cerita rakyat menggunakan metode Role Play diterapkan di kelas V SD Negeri 1 Baadia mendapatkan respon positif dari siswa, diantaranya siswa menjadi lebih aktif dalam pembelajaran bahasa Wolio, tercipta pembelajaran yang menyenangkan sehingga menarik minat siswa dalam belajar serta meningkatkan keterampilan siswa dalam penggunaan serta penguasaan bahasa Wolio.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TALKING STICK BERBANTUAN MEDIA QUESTION BOX UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA MUATAN PPKN KELAS III SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Amini Anisa , Syahrial  , Alirmansyah
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas, yang terdiri dari 2 siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 2 pertemuan dan empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas III SDN 111/I Muara Bulian dengan jumlah 26 siswa yang terdiri dari 13 siswa laki-laki dan 13 siswa perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Instrumen observasi yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi minat belajar siswa dan lembar observasi aktivitas guru. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe talking stick berbantuan media question box dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa pada muatan PPKn, upaya peningkatan minat belajar siswa menggunakan instrumen lembar observasi berdasarkan siklus 1 diperoleh persentase keberhasilan sebesar 34,62% dan siklus 2 sebesar 76,91%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick Berbantuan Media Question Box dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa terlihat dari peningkatan minat belajar yang telah mencapai 76%. Selain itu, model pembelajaran berbantuan media ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif model pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan minat belajar.
Modificări gingivale în sarcină-manifestări clinice și recomandări practice
Authors: Nica Florina-Silvia
Published: May 2024

Fluctuations in female hormones have a complex infl uence on gum health. Pregnancy greatly infl uences the health of the whole body, including the gingival tissues, and correlates with a high degree of carious and gingival damage. Performing regular dental check-ups to keep plaque under control, along with maintaining personalized hygiene at home, can lessen the impact and risks of hormonal fl uctuations on the gums.
Peta Hasil Intervensi Perilaku Agresif Anak Pada Masa Taman Kanak - Kanak Sampai Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Mumtahanah Silma , Casmini Casmini
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kontribusi intervensi yang sudah dilakukan dalam menanggani perilaku agresif pada anak. Manfaat dari penelitian ini akan menjadikan masyarakat dewasa terutama orang tua lebih sadar dalam membantu mencegah perilaku agresif yang sering terjadi di usia anak – anak sehingga dapat diminimalisir dan tidak diulangi kembali ketika nanti anak menginjak usia remaja. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah literature review. Artikel jurnal penelitian terdahulu yang digunakan berhubungan dengan topik tentang intervensi perilaku agresif pada anak dengan rentan waktu sepuluh tahun terakhir yaitu 2013 – 2023 melalui Google Scholar, dan didapatkan sebanyak 13 artikel yang relevan. Berdasarkan beberapa hasil review artikel dapat dirumuskan bahwa pendekatan intervensi perilaku agresif pada anak yang tepat terdiri menjadi dua yaitu diberikan sekaligus kepada anak dan orang tua/lingkungan sekitar anak. Intervensi dengan pendekatan metode belajar sosial diberikan kepada orang tua/lingkungan sekitar anak dan intervensi dengan metode token ekonomi diberikan kepada anak.
Time Series Modeling and Forecasting on GDP Data of Bangladesh: An Application of Arima Model
Authors: Haque Md Ariful , Ahmed Aziz
Published: May 2024

The basic economic condition of a country is measured and presented by Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Government’s high officials, Business owners or managers, rely on forecasting of GDP, to determine fiscal year monitory policy and operating activities. This paper has collected GDP data from 1971 to 2021 from an international website. Exploratory analysis has performed for trend, seasonality & outlier detection. Augmented Dickey-Fuller test, Phillip Peron and Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin test has performed to check seasonality and stationary. To determine the best fitted model for GDP, ARIMA models (Autoregressive integrated Moving Average) have constructed using Box-Jenkins technique. Considering all statistical criterions this paper has determined ARIMA (4, 2, 1) isthe best fitted model and forecasted for the next ten years. Finally, residual test has performed to determine reliable forecasting.
Read to Live Program on Reading Performance Among High School Learners in Pasian National High School
Authors: Teves Dennis L. , Sario Myrna B.
Published: May 2024

This study “Read to Live” Program on the reading performance of Pasian National High School secondary school students aimed to 1.) describe the reading level in the “Read to Live” program based on the knowledge, vocabulary, language structure, verbal reasoning and literacy; 2) determine students’ reading performance in word recognition and reading comprehension; 3.) identify significant differences between the “Read to Live” program and students’ performance in word recognition and reading comprehension. The respondents were seventy-two (72) Junior High School students. Modified questionnaires about students’ characteristics were given to the respondents and Phil-IRI was used to determine their reading level. Data used an experimental study design to be collected using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and T- test. The results showed a positive response to the reading attitude and reading attitude of the respondents. Furthermore, the profile of the respondents, apart from the study behavior, influenced the performance of the respondents. Moreover, the “Read to Live” program affected the reading performance of the respondents in several areas. The researcher recommends that DepEd officials, administrators, parents and stakeholders should work together in dealing with the lack of literacy among students. An intensive reading training adapting unified reading materials was applied to thirty-two (32) females and forty(40) males in Pasian National High School. Similar studies could be conducted but focused on different reading interventions appropriate to students’ reading levels and interests as well as students’ reading comprehension and communication skills.
THE NEW ARAVESADOS: TECH WORKERS IN THE DIGITAL BORDERLANDS
Authors: Casaperalta Edyael
Published: May 2024

During his presidential campaign, Donald Trump ran on a platform that blamed immigrants for taking jobs from American citizens. In his first month in office, the President pursued actions to limit the entry of aliens to study and work in the United States. Fulfilling his campaign promises, he began by obstructing the H-1B visa program.
Nuestra Gloria The Center for Mexican American Studies at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Celebrates the 30th Anniversary of the Publication of Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza
Authors: Alvarez Stephanie , Tovar Amanda , Alessandri Mariana
Published: May 2024

2017 was a significant year in Chicanx, queer, feminist, and American literary history, as it marked the 30th anniversary of the publication of Gloria Anzaldúa’s Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza. One of the most influential books of the twentieth century, Borderlands brings forth nuanced concepts of borders and the importance of the identities shaped by them—physical, cultural, or otherwise. The book has paved the way for exploration and healing for many Chicanxs, people of color, individuals of all gender identities and sexual preferences, and everyone who has proximity to any type of border. Recognizing how Borderlands grounds a wide range of people, the Center for Mexican American Studies (CMAS) at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV) saw it fitting to celebrate the life and work of Gloria Anzaldúa in a special way. Annually, CMAS holds a celebration of Anzaldúa, El Retorno, organized by Professor of Creative Writing and Associate Director of CMAS Emmy Pérez. However, CMAS dedicated the entire academic school year of 2017-2018 to Anzaldúa—specifically to Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza, for the campus and larger Rio Grande Valley community—with a series we titled “Nuestra Gloria: CMAS Celebrates the 30th Anniversary of the Publication of Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza.”
“Wild Tongue: A New Record of Rio Grande Valley Expression”
Authors: Leal Jonathan
Published: May 2024

For thirty years now, Gloria Anzaldúa’s Borderlands/La Frontera has helped scores of people discover themselves through care and contradiction—through art that is culturally specific, vulnerable, opaque, and hybrid, reliant on intersecting forms, layered genres, multiple languages, and clashing registers. The present anniversary of Anzaldúa’s book, arriving amidst absurdist headlines and daily heartbreaks, has spurred many to reflect on the increasingly surreal realities of the U.S.-Mexico borderlands: increased militarization and denigrating media coverage, increased displacement and hostile policies, routine dehumanizations and offensive caricatures, neglectful representatives and still-ailing constituencies. Our present tense is an unequal distribution of fear, its realities at once new and inherited, unforeseen and unsurprising: the gnarled legacy of colonial expansion. And as much as this present continues to overwhelm, it also, as Wild Tongue attests, is spurring many Valley natives to respond with forward-looking, reparative art.
Analysis of Leadership Model for Participation of River Guard in the River Waste Management System for Sustainable Healty City in Banjarmasin South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Herawati Herawati , Kausar Lola Illona Elfani , Arifin Syamsul , Atqiya Ilma Hudatil , Rayhan Muhammad
Published: May 2024

(1) Background: Health issues in wetland environmental areas, especially the problem of waste in rivers, is still a strategic issue, so it was important to study about river management. Whatever management, it cannot be separated from the leadership aspect, because leadership plays a key role in formulating and implementing strategies policy, including encourage community participation. Thus, community participation becomes an important thing in integrated river management to create a sustainable Healthy City. One element that is part of the community participation is the river guard. This research was aimed to analyze the leadership model for the participation of river guard in the river waste management system in Banjarmasin City; (2) Methods: The research design used mixed methods research (qualitative and quantitative research methods). The research subjects were 30 river guards and other informants who involved of river waste management in Banjarmasin City; (3) Results: The research results showed that the majority of river guards had good participation, and only a few of river guards had sufficient participation. Furhermore, it was found that the Laissez Faire leadership model or style tends to influence the participation of river guards in the river waste management system in Banjarmasin City; (4) Conclusions: The laissez faire leadership style does not always mean negative, but of course there are positive things or effects, when a leader is able to transform it.
 
Keywords: community participation; healthy city; leadership model; river waste management