bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early Eocene vigorous ocean overturning and its contribution to a warm Southern Ocean
Authors: Zhang Yurui , Huck Thierry , Lique Camille , Donnadieu Yannick , Ladant Jean-Baptiste , Rabineau Marina , Aslanian Daniel
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The early Eocene (∼55 Ma) was the warmest
period of the Cenozoic and was most likely characterized by extremely high
atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Here, we analyze simulations of the
early Eocene performed with the IPSL-CM5A2 Earth system model, set up with
paleogeographic reconstructions of this period from the DeepMIP project and
with different levels of atmospheric CO2. When compared with
proxy-based reconstructions, the simulations reasonably capture both the
reconstructed amplitude and pattern of early Eocene sea surface temperature.
A comparison with simulations of modern conditions allows us to explore
the changes in ocean circulation and the resulting ocean meridional heat
transport. At a CO2 level of 840 ppm, the early Eocene simulation is
characterized by a strong abyssal overturning circulation in the Southern
Hemisphere (40 Sv at 60∘ S), fed by deepwater formation in
the three sectors of the Southern Ocean. Deep convection in the Southern
Ocean is favored by the closed Drake and Tasmanian passages, which provide
western boundaries for the buildup of strong subpolar gyres in the Weddell
and Ross seas, in the middle of which convection develops. The strong
overturning circulation, associated with subpolar gyres, sustains the
poleward advection of saline subtropical water to the convective regions in
the Southern Ocean, thereby maintaining deepwater formation. This
salt–advection feedback mechanism is akin to that responsible for the
present-day North Atlantic overturning circulation. The strong abyssal
overturning circulation in the 55 Ma simulations primarily results in an
enhanced poleward ocean heat transport by 0.3–0.7 PW in the Southern
Hemisphere compared to modern conditions, reaching 1.7 PW southward at
20∘ S, and contributes to keeping the Southern Ocean and
Antarctica warm in the Eocene. Simulations with different atmospheric
CO2 levels show that ocean circulation and heat transport are
relatively insensitive to CO2 doubling.
LGM climate forcing and ocean dynamical feedback and their implications for estimating climate sensitivity
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Poulsen Christopher J.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) has been directly estimated using reconstructions of past climates that are different than today’s. A challenge to this approach is that temperature proxies integrate over the timescales of the fast feedback processes (e.g. changes in water vapor, snow, and clouds) that are captured in ECS as well as the slower feedback processes (e.g. changes in ice sheets and ocean circulation) that are not. A way around this issue is to treat the slow feedbacks as climate forcings and independently account for their impact on global temperature. Here we conduct a suite of Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) simulations using the Community Earth System Model version 1.2 (CESM1.2) to quantify the forcing and efficacy of land ice sheets (LIS) and greenhouse gases (GHG) in order to estimate ECS. Our forcing and efficacy quantification adopts the effective radiative forcing (ERF) and adjustment framework and provides a complete accounting for the radiative, topographic, and dynamical impacts of LIS on surface temperatures. ERF and efficacy of LGM LIS are −3.2 W m−2 and 1.1, respectively. The larger-than-unity efficacy is caused by the relatively larger temperature changes over land and the Northern Hemisphere subtropical oceans than those in response to a doubling of atmospheric CO2. The subtropical SST response is linked to LIS-induced wind changes and feedbacks in ocean-atmosphere coupling and clouds. ERF and efficacy of LGM GHG are −2.8 W m−2 and 0.9, respectively. The lower efficacy is primarily attributed to a smaller cloud feedback at colder temperatures. Our simulations further demonstrate that the direct ECS calculation using the forcing, efficacy, and temperature response in CESM1.2 overestimates the true value in the model by 25 % due to the neglect of slow ocean dynamical feedback. This is supported by the greater cooling (6.8 °C) in a fully coupled LGM simulation than that (5.3 °C) in a slab ocean model simulation with ocean dynamics disabled. The majority (67 %) of the ocean dynamical feedback is attributed to dynamical changes in the Southern Ocean, where interactions between ocean stratification, heat transport, and sea-ice cover are found to amplify the LGM cooling. Our study demonstrates the value of climate models in the quantification of climate forcings and the ocean dynamical feedback, which is necessary for an accurate direct ECS estimation.
Emergent constraints on Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity in CMIP5: do they hold for CMIP6?
Authors: Schlund Manuel , Lauer Axel , Gentine Pierre , Sherwood Steven C. , Eyring Veronika
Published: July 2020

Abstract. An important metric for temperature projections is the equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) which is defined as the global mean surface air temperature change caused by a doubling of the atmospheric CO2 concentration. The range for ECS assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report is between 1.5 and 4.5 K and has not decreased over the last decades. Among other methods, emergent constraints are potentially promising approaches to reduce the range of ECS by combining observations and output from Earth System Models (ESMs). In this study, we systematically analyze 11 published emergent constraints on ECS that have mostly been derived from models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) project. These emergent constraints are – except for one that is based on temperature variability – all directly or indirectly based on cloud processes, which stem the major source of uncertainty in ECS. The focus of the study is on testing if these emergent constraints hold for ESMs participating in the new Phase 6 (CMIP6). Since none of the emergent constraints considered here has been derived using the CMIP6 ensemble, CMIP6 can be used for cross-checking of the emergent constraints on a new model ensemble. The application of the emergent constraints to CMIP6 data shows a large decrease of the correlation coefficients for most emergent relationships, indicating that nearly all of the constraints are less skillful in predicting ECS than they were in CMIP5. Many do not appear sufficiently skillful to be useful in constraining ECS, and several of them do not pass a significance test. This is likely because of changes in the representation of cloud processes from CMIP5 to CMIP6, but may in some cases also be due to spurious statistical relationships or a too small number of models in the ensemble the emergent constraint was originally derived from. The emergent-constrained best estimate of ECS increased from CMIP5 to CMIP6, with a best estimate range of 2.97–3.88 K for CMIP5 and 3.41–4.36 K for CMIP6. This can be at least partly explained by the increased number of high-ECS models in CMIP6 with an ECS above 4.5 K without a corresponding change in the constraint predictors. Our results support previous studies concluding that emergent constraints should be based on an independently verifiable physical mechanism, and that emergent constraints focusing on specific processes contributing to ECS are more promising than emergent constraints based on statistical model analysis.
Retrospect and prospect of a section-based stratigraphic and
palaeontological database – Geobiodiversity Database
Authors: Xu Hong-He , Niu Zhi-Bin , Chen Yan-Sen
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Big data are significant to the quantitative analysis and contribute to the data-driven scientific research and discoveries. Here the thorough introduction is given on the Geobiodiversity database (GBDB), a comprehensive stratigraphic and palaeontological database. The GBDB includes abundant geological records from China and contributes a serial of scientific studies on early Palaeozoic palaeogeography, tectonic and biodiversity evolution of China. Nevertheless, the existing problems of the GBDB limited the using of its data. The turnover and improvement of the GBDB were started in 2019. Besides the data collecting, processing and visualization as the GBDB did previously, the database and the website are optimized and re-designed, the new GBDB working team pays more attention to data analyzing with the professional artificial intelligence techniques. GBDB is complementary to other related databases, and further collaborations are proposed to mutually benefit and push forward the quantitative research of palaeontology and stratigraphy in the era of big data. The datasets (Xu, 2020) are freely downloadable from http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3667645.
Die sozial-unternehmerische Stadt: Gesellschaftliche Ungleichheit, Reproduktionskrise und Stadtpolitik in Hamburg
Authors: Kemper Jan , Vogelpohl Anne
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Entrepreneurial and social urban policies contradictorily depend
from each other: growth policies aiming to increase investment and
population numbers produce a crisis of reproduction (i.e. housing or care);
and social policies aiming to resolve this crisis allegedly require
entrepreneurial policies as fuel for tax resources financing social goals.
We investigate this interrelationship along the recent housing and childcare
policies in the city of Hamburg, Germany. We show that as long as growth and
competition are primary objectives of urban governments, a compensatory
social policy is needed to legitimate the entrepreneurial axiom – and
therefore has a specific character: social policy in the
social-entrepreneurial city is actually addressing inequalities, but it
eventually is aimed at all classes, secures capital accumulation and is
gendered. This paper contributes to understanding urban crises of
reproduction by exposing that current social policies aiming to solve this
crisis merely consolidate the crisis-prone growth policies.
Surface [Urban] Energy and Water Balance Scheme (v2020a) in non-urban areas:
developments, parameters and performance
Authors: Omidvar Hamidreza , Sun Ting , Grimmond Sue , Bilesbach Dave , Black Andrew , Chen Jiquan , Duan Zexia , Gao Zhiqiu , Iwata Hiroki , McFadden Joseph P.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. This paper extends the applicability of the SUEWS (Surface [Urban] Energy and Water Balance Scheme) to extensive pervious areas (deciduous trees, evergreen trees, grass, croplands, soil and water) outside cities. It can be used either offline or online (i.e., coupled to weather/climate models). The required parameters to simulate the turbulent latent heat (or evaporative) flux are derived using observations. Both the parameters (leaf area index (LAI), albedo, roughness parameters and surface conductance) and the surface energy balance fluxes are evaluated at independent sites and/or different periods at the same site. Methods to obtain parameters and guidance to apply SUEWS are provided. Results demonstrate the impacts from differences in LAI dynamics and albedo for various types of vegetation. The relation between LAI and albedo is explored. Deciduous, evergreen, and grass land covers all have long periods of LAI maxima, but croplands normally have a short sharp peak due to harvesting. For most of the vegetation types studied the maximum albedo coincides with the maximum LAI period, but for some evergreen trees the maxima are associated with leaves changing colour (needles/leaves get darker as they age during autumn and winter). Ensuring these dynamics are captured is important for assessing urban-rural differences (e.g. canopy layer air temperature).
Switch of fungal to bacterial degradation in natural, drained and rewetted oligotrophic peatlands reflected in δ15N and fatty acid composition
Authors: Groß-Schmölders Miriam , von Sengbusch Pascal , Krüger Jan Paul , Klein Kristy , Birkholz Axel , Leifeld Jens , Alewell Christine
Published: July 2020

Abstract. For centuries European peatlands have been degrading along with
drainage, land use and climate changes. Increasing pressure on
peatland ecosystems calls for a more cost-efficient method to indicate
the current state of peatlands and the success of restoration
efforts. Metabolic pathways in peatland soils are imprinted in stable
isotope compositions due to differences in microorganism communities
and their metabolic pathways. Therefore, we hypothesize that depth
profiles of nitrogen stable isotope values provide a promising
opportunity to detect peatland decomposition or restoration. We
studied five peatlands, namely Degerö Stormyr (northern Sweden), Lakkasuo (central Finland) and three mires in the Black Forest (southern
Germany). At all locations, cores were taken from adjacent drained (or
rewetted) and natural sites to identify δ15N trends that
could indicate changes due to drainage and restoration. At all drained
(and rewetted) sites we found a distinct peak (“turning point”) of
the δ15N values in the center of the drained horizon. We
did a fatty acids (FAs) analysis to link our results to microbial
community composition. As markers, we distinguished between one
fungal-derived FA (C18:2ω9c) and four bacterial-derived
FAs. For bacteria, we looked for one general bacterial-derived FA
(C14:0), two FAs for gram-positive bacteria (i-C15:0; a-C15:0), and one
FA for gram-negative bacteria (C16:1ω9c). In accordance with
other studies, our results suggest that fungi dominate the microbial
metabolism in the upper aerobic peat horizon. This is reflected by
depleted δ15N values. Moving downwards, the drained horizon
conditions slowly switch to oxygen limitation. Consequently,
fungal-derived FAs decrease whereas bacterial-derived FAs rise. The
highest diversity of microbial-derived FAs is indicated by the
δ15N turning point. Below the δ15N turning point,
oxygen is increasingly limited and concentrations of all
microbial-derived FAs are decreasing down to the onset of the
permanently waterlogged anaerobic horizon. Peatland cores with
restoration successes again show, above the formerly drained horizon, no
depth trend of the isotopic values. Hence, we conclude that
δ15N stable isotope values reflect microbial community
composition, which differs between drained and natural peatlands.
SMACKtivism: A Program Redesign so Good, You Won’t Know What Hit You
Authors: Karalis Noel Tiffany , Gorlewski Julie , Kearney Erin
Published: July 2020

This essay describes the context, mission, guiding principles, signature pedagogies, curriculum, and anticipated benefits and limitations of our newly designed EdD in Learning and Teaching in Social Contexts. As we prepare to launch our new program (pending approval), our key development efforts are focused on implementing leading-edge coursework centering on problems of practice through a blend of online interactions and applied, real-world experiences. Our primary objective is to equip scholar-practitioners with the expertise to initiate and sustain systematic approaches to transformative and justice-oriented improvement within their local educational communities, both during and following their time in the program.
Taking a Stance: Teacher Researchers’ Historical and Political Positioning
Authors: Currin Elizabeth
Published: July 2020

With teacher walkouts and other forms of protest on the rise, EdD programs are beginning to frame practitioner-scholars’ work as activism. The purpose of this article is to explore and complicate that trend by interpreting data from oral history interviews with three long-term teacher researchers, alongside shifting historical scholarship on civil rights activism. Each participant cites civil rights activism as an inspiration and positions the rise of neoliberal education reform as a backlash to the 1960s that threatens the so-called teacher research movement. However, historians challenge the dominant narrative of the 1960s, highlighting behind-the-scenes conservative activism that did not garner the same media attention as liberal marches and boycotts. Consequently, while the participants’ stories offer abundant insight for practitioner-scholars as well as for the teacher educators who guide them, this article ultimately argues EdD activists should take a schoolhouse-to-statehouse approach.
An Emerging Framework for the EdD Activist
Authors: Becton Yasha J. , Bogiages Christopher , D'Amico Leigh , Lilly Todd , Currin Elizabeth , Jeffries Rhonda , Tamim Suha
Published: July 2020

Increasingly, Ed.D. programs are challenged to produce graduates with the skills and expertise needed to create and foster change in the various educational environments in which they serve. Promoting, and more importantly, preparing the Ed.D. Activist is a theme that was addressed during the October 2019 convening of the Carnegie Project on the Education Doctorate (CPED) hosted by the University of South Carolina. As part of the opening convening, the U of SC faculty assisted with surveying the more than 65 CPED-informed programs in an effort to construct a potential framework to guide both new and existing programs within the consortium. The resulting framework highlights two potential profiles for the Ed.D. Activist, 12 considerations that programs should examine, four primary outcomes, and five quality indicators. The framework is representative of the data collected from more than 200 participants and provides a broad, but foundational framework for engaging more deeply in the work of promoting activism amongst Ed.D. graduates.
Carmelo Giuseppe Conticello and Vassa Conticello (eds.), La Théologie byzantine et sa tradition. Tomo 2. (XIIIe-XIXe siècles). (Corpus Christianorum.) Turnhout: Brepols, 2002. ISBN 2 503 51061 2
Authors: Panagopoulos Spyros P.
Published: July 2020

Reseña del libro de Carmelo Giuseppe Conticello and Vassa Conticello (eds.), La Théologie byzantine et sa tradition. Tomo 2. (XIIIe-XIXe siècles). (Corpus Christianorum.) Turnhout: Brepols, 2002. ISBN 2 503 51061 2
Judeofilia en la cuentítisca medieval: anonimato del judío en El Conde Lucanor
Authors: Navarro David Dominguez
Published: July 2020

El siguiente artículo examina la representación del colectivo judío en la obra El Conde Lucanor de Juan Manuel (1282-1348). Este grupo religioso se proyecta implícitamente y desde el anonimato en varios exempla analizados, solo reconocible por las profesiones que desempeñan y a las que el folclore europeo les atribuía como propias: físicos, prestamistas, alquimistas y nigromantes. Tomando como modelo los mecanismos de interacción de grupos de re-fencing [reclausura] (Allport 1954) y de extended contact hypothesis [hipótesis del contacto extendido] (Wright 1997), analizaré las técnicas literarias empleadas por Juan Manuel a la hora de trazar positivamente estas ocupaciones “judías” y el silencio de la afiliación religiosa de sus protagonistas como un recurso para minimizar el creciente sentimiento popular de animosidad contra este colectivo.
El Imperio songay y su papel en la difusión del islam por África occidental
Authors: Castro Martínez Vicente
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo se propone reflexionar en torno a las razones por las que tuvo lugar la paulatina islamización del África occidental. Como resulta lógico, esto no se hará estudiando la evolución histórica de esta región en su conjunto, sino que se ha seleccionado como ejemplo el Imperio songay. Este imperio fue, probablemente, junto con el de Malí, el más poderoso en lo que respecta a dominio territorial, área de influencia y difusión de los valores islámicos. De hecho, en lo que respecta al último de los aspectos, fue el más relevante. Sin embargo, a pesar de su importancia posterior, en sus orígenes estaba circunscrito a un territorio en los alrededores de Gao, pero que, poco a poco, fue extendiéndose e imponiéndose a sus principales rivales, como el citado Imperio de Malí. Finalmente, toda su influencia política, territorial, religiosa, económica…no se tradujo en la adopción por parte de los sudaneses de una visión ortodoxa del islam, sino que estuvo dominada por la coexistencia entre elementos animistas y musulmanes. Esta última es la que predomina hoy en día en la región.
Bacillary angiomatosis in a human immunodeficiency virus negative patient: A rare case
Authors: Luvo Gaxa , Bafana Hlatshwayo
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Although bacillary angiomatosis is generally known to be an opportunistic condition in immunosuppressed individuals there are extremely rare and exceptional occasions where it occurs in immunocompetent individuals. The incidence of bacillary angiomatosis in immunocompetent persons is not documented in the literature mainly due to the rarity of this condition in immunocompetent individuals. Routine histopathological evaluation helps in confirming the diagnosis of its varied presentations like infected lymphadenopathy, bone lesions, bacillary peliosis of the liver or the spleen as well as cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis. Giving four doses of 250–500 mg dose of erythromycin per day has proved to be the most successful treatment option and other antibiotics like Doxycycline 100 mg twice a day and ciprofloxacin are also showing good results.
Case Report: We report a retro viral disease negative in a seven-year-old girl who presented to us with a six-month history of bilateral neck fast growing masses. Birth history showed that the patient was delivered through a normal vaginal delivery with an uneventful birth history. The birth weight was 2.7 kg and the birth length was 46.5 cm. The Apgar score was 10/10. The body weight at presentation was 22 kg. The pulse 139/min, respiratory rate 24 bpm, temperature 36.2°C and 100% saturation. The diagnosis of bacillary angiomatosis was made on clinical, radiological and histopathological findings. The patient was treated with antibiotics and there is reduction in the degree of neck swelling on patient's follow-up ever since the treatment was initiated.
Conclusion: The diagnosis and the management of bacillary angiomatosis needs a teamwork of various specialists which includes but not limited to pediatric oncologists, radiologists and histopathologists. It is extremely uncommon to make a diagnosis of bacillary angiomatosis in HIV negative patients. There are no specific clinical or radiological features to confidently make a final diagnosis of bacillary angiomatosis and as a result biopsy has to always be performed to secure a final diagnosis.
Acute opioid detoxification revealing a unique challenge in clinical management
Authors: Sabre Alexander , Ehlenberger Lydia
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Opioid abuse in pregnancy is inherit to a multitude of adverse outcomes for both mother and fetus, with use of intra-dermal injections for drug delivery leading to systemic sequela such as endocarditis. In patients with history of drug abuse, infective endocarditis most frequently presents as a subacute disease process that requires high clinical suspicion.
Case Report: We report a case of a 21-year-old caucasian female, G3P0020, who presented to the emergency department in a state of acute opioid withdraw. Initial investigation detailed a positive pregnancy test and leukocytosis. The extensive workup revealing a viable embryo and culture negative endocarditis (CNE) with vegetation on tricuspid valve and further care ensuring proper treatment for inpatient course.
Conclusion: We present a clinical case of intravenous-opioid derived CNE composed of challenges that required multiple disciplines and collaboration of multiple specialties in the gravid patient along with detailed information on management in this subset of patients.
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome presenting as atrial fibrillation in a female patient with situs inversust
Authors: Hassen Ben Ghezala , Salah Snouda , Fehmi Abbes , Imen Bechikh
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a conduction disturbance characterized by the presence of an accessory pathway between the atria and the ventricles. Among patients with WPW syndrome, atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) is the most common arrhythmia. Atrial fibrillation associated with WPW is less common but potentially life-threatening arrhythmia as it can degenerate to ventricular fibrillation (VF). Case Report: We report a case of wide-QRS tachycardia with which was subsequently diagnosed as WPW syndrome with atrial fibrillation (AF) in a patient with dextrocardia situs inversus. Treated initially by electrical conversion and then in a second plane by catheter ablation. Conclusion: WPW syndrome is not infrequently encountered in the patient presenting to the emergency department with tachyarrhythmias. Once symptomatic, patients can be treated with or can try medications to control their symptoms. A particular attention must be paid to patients with dextrocardia situs inversus, especially in ECG record and electrical cardioversion.
Ability to perform activities of daily living among patients with bipolar disorder in remission
Authors: Decker Lone , Träger Conny , Miskowiak Kamilla , Wæhrens Eva Ejlersen , Vinberg Maj
Published: July 2020

Aims: Patients with bipolar disorder often experience disability in terms of cognitive impairments and activity limitations even in remission. However, knowledge is sparse concerning the ability to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADL) during remission. The aim of this study was to (1) investigate the observed and self-reported ability to perform ADL tasks and (2) examine the association between observed and self-reported ability to perform ADL in patients with bipolar disorder in remission.
Methods: The observed ADL ability was assessed with the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills, a standardized assessment providing interpretation of ADL ability in relation to competence, independence, and normative age expectations. Self-reported ADL ability was assessed with the standardized ADL-Questionnaire.
Results: Forty-three patients with bipolar disorder in remission (median age 35 years, range 19–58 years) were assessed and overall, they displayed decreased observed ADL motor and ADL process ability relative to normative age. They exhibited increased physical effort, clumsiness or fatigue and/or inefficiency, there was concern for safe task performance and one-third may need assistance to live in the community. While participants reported decreased ADL ability, especially within instrumental ADL, they had a tendency towards evaluating themselves as more competent than what was observed. No relationships between measures of observed and self-reported ADL ability were found.
Conclusion: Overall, patients with bipolar disorder in remission showed decreased ability to perform ADL. Clinical practice and future studies are recommended to use both observation-based and self-reported assessments of the ability to perform ADL tasks to fully capture disability in bipolar disorder.
Effect of the Tillage System on the Properties of Humic Acids of Soil of the Kujawy Region in Poland
Authors: Banach-Szott Magdalena , Jaskulska Iwona , Debska Bozena , Jaskulski Dariusz
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study has been to determine the properties of humic acids of soil depending on the tillage system applied. The study covered the soil where plough tillage, strip-till and ploughless tillage were used, and so the systems which differed completely in the way they affect the post-harvest residue, “plant residue management”. From averaged samples of soil humic acids (HAs) were extracted to identify their elemental composition, spectrometric properties for the UV-VIS and IR range as well as hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties.

With the results one can conclude that the humic acids of the soil under plough tillage show a lower degree of humification as compared with HAs of ploughless tillage, whereas the parameters recorded for HAs of the soil with strip-till point to the similarity to HAs of soil with plough tillage and ploughless tillage. With that in mind, with some approximation, the degree of humification (maturity) of HAs can be ordered as follows: HAs with plough tillage < HAs with strip-till < HAs with ploughless tillage. Thus one can conclude that the tillage method combines two primary objectives; ensuring conditions favourable to plant growth and development and the effort to maintain the possibly highest humus stability.
Alternative Products to Control Soybean Downy Mildew in the Field
Authors: Gabardo Gislaine , Pria Maristella Dalla , Silva Henrique Luis da , Harms Mônica Gabrielle
Published: July 2020

Soybean mildew caused by Oomycota Peronospora manshurica, is a disease widely spread in Brazil. In order to study the efficiency of soybean mildew control due to the application of alternative products and fungicide in the field, experiments were conducted in Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil, during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing seasons. The design used was randomized blocks with four replications. The treatments were: 1-witness; 2-acibenzolar-S-methyl; 3-calcium; 4-micronutrients: copper, manganese and zinc; 5-micronutrients: manganese, zinc and molybdenum; 6-NK fertilizer; 7-Ascophyllum nodosum and 8-azoxystrobin + cyproconazole with the addition of Nimbus adjuvant. Four applications of alternative products (phenological stages V3, V6, R1 and R5.1) and two of fungicide (phenological stages R1 and R5.1) were performed. The mildew severity was estimated using a diagrammatic scale. The severity data made it possible to calculate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). In the 2014/2015 harvest the disease was more severe. The control of downy mildew by the use of fungicide did not reduce the epidemic. The fungicide was not efficient in the two evaluated seasons. All tested alternative products reduced the disease severity and AUDPC in both seasons. The best results in reducing downy mildew were found with the application of acibenzolar-S-methyl, micronutrients (Cu, Mn, Zn) and A. nodosum.
Chemical Profiles and Anti-termite Activity of Hydrodistillation Residues From Three Aromatic Plants Acclimated in Burkina Faso
Authors: Sankara Assétou , Ouédraogo Jean Claude W. , Pignolet Luc , Thévenon Marie-France , Bonzi-Coulibaly Yvonne L.
Published: July 2020

Distillation process of aromatic plants produces a considerable amount of solid residues, which are rich in secondary metabolites known as bioactive compounds. In this context, residues from hydrodistillation of selected aromatic plants such as Mentha piperita L., Cymbopogon citratus Stapf and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh, have been studied for their total polyphenol content using Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent (FCR) method, total flavonoid content using aluminium chlorid (AlCl3) and antioxidant properties were determined as DPPH radical-scavenging ability (IC50). The anti-termite activity was evaluated by a direct non-choice test. The higher antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.20 mg/ml) and polyphenols content (224.32 mg GAE/g of dried extract) were showed with E. camaldulensis aqueous extract. However, M. piperita and C. citratus ethanolic extracts showed higher flavonoid content (190.99 and 185.19 mg QE/g of dried extract). The most active extract against termite Reticulitermes flavipes was E. camaldulensis ethanolic extract presenting toxicity at 5% and 10% w/w as concentrations. All these data showed that strategic extraction of residues from hydrodistillation can provide interesting bioactive compounds as novel anti-termite agents in plants protection and allow to give an added-value to aromatic plants.
Diminuindo barreiras organizacionais a comunicação interna como estratégia de gestão hospitalar
Authors: Blümke Sergio Valter , Cervi Cleber , Blümke Adriane Cervi
Published: July 2020

A comunicação interna impacta positivamente na satisfação com o trabalho e no comprometimento dos funcionários com a organização. Porém, pouco se discute sobre os benefícios da comunicação interna em organizações hospitalares. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como os funcionários de um hospital avaliam as estratégias de comunicação interna e como a comunicação interna impacta no sentimento de orgulho dos funcionários em fazerem parte da organização. Foram realizadas pesquisa descritiva, com 89 colaboradores, observações in loco e análise de documentos internos da organização. Observou-se que o hospital possui poucos canais formais de comunicação interna, um organograma verticalizado e gestão não democrática dos processos decisórios. A avaliação das estratégias de comunicação interna depende do gênero e do nível de escolaridade do funcionário. Demonstrou-se, que os funcionários sentem mais orgulho em pertencer a organização quando ela facilita a comunicação interna e quando as suas manifestações espontâneas são valorizadas pela direção do hospital.
Estruturação e orientação da atenção primária à saúde em um município no extremo sul do Brasil
Authors: Rasia Isabel Cristina Rosa Barros , Silveira Denise Silva , Olea Pelayo Munhoz , Rasia Beatriz Barros
Published: July 2020

Este estudo objetivou contextualizar a estrutura de organização e a orientação da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) de Pelotas, município do Rio Grande do Sul, bem como demonstrar e discutir a presença e a extensão dos atributos de orientação que qualificam a APS, por meio da aplicação do Instrumento Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool), avaliando a APS segundo o modelo de atenção (tradicional e Estratégia de Saúde da Família – ESF). Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo transversal, aplicando o PCATool aos 50 gestores das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) do município, no segundo semestre de 2015. Os resultados mostraram que o sistema de saúde de Pelotas está estruturado a partir de um modelo hierárquico baseado em níveis de complexidade crescente e que as UBS têm orientação em APS. No entanto, quando estratificadas por modelo de atenção, percebeu-se que somente as que trabalhavam com a ESF estavam orientadas. Conclui-se, assim, que o modelo de ESF traz melhorias à APS, demandando uma reestruturação interna das UBS e, consequentemente, das equipes de trabalho. Além disso, no que concerne ao PCATool, explicitam-se críticas quanto ao escore acesso, e à perda de algumas dimensões importantes qualitativas da organização e do serviço no que concerne à assistência prestada aos usuários. Por fim, destaca-se que ter orientação em APS não é garantia de qualidade assistencial praticada.
Empresa brasileira de serviços hospitalares: resultados para usuários da gestão de política pública na área da saúde
Authors: Sales Jaqueline Cavalari , Peixe Blênio Cezar Severo
Published: July 2020

Garantias constitucionais são constantemente ameaçadas, evidenciando conflitos de agência entre governo e cidadãos. Buscando maior eficiência e efetividade na gestão dos hospitais universitários federais foi criada a Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (EBSERH). O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a evolução quantitativa dos resultados em termos de aumento dos serviços ofertados aos usuários do SUS por meio da Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares, com relação ao Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná (HC/UFPR). Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, bibliográfica e documental, com abordagem quantitativa. Neste estudo, a EBSERH não se materializou em um processo de privatização dos hospitais universitários federais, conforme alguns autores defenderam. Contudo, apesar dos resultados favoráveis em quadro de pessoal, leitos de UTI, taxa de ocupação e média de permanência, o teste de Mann-Whitney mostrou que a variação de internações, consultas e exames, antes e depois da EBSERH, não foi estatisticamente significante.
Otimização de rotas de entregas de materiais em uma rede hospitalar por meio do algoritmo do problema do caixeiro viajante
Authors: Fonseca Jaqueline Daniela de Oliveira , Sá Elisangela Martins de , Mendonça Fabrício Molica de , Sanches Junior Paulo Fernandes
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho teve como objetivo propor opções de roteamento para distribuir materiais médico-hospitalares de um almoxarifado central para 21 hospitais no Estado de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de um estudo aplicado, de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido na Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais, a maior rede de hospitais públicos da América Latina. Dessa forma, foram testados alguns modelos para otimizar as entregas de tais itens às unidades. Buscou-se reduzir os custos da distribuição, por meio da redução das distâncias percorridas, quando utilizado mais de um veículo, com diferentes capacidades. Foi implementada uma adaptação do Problema do Caixeiro Viajante, por meio de rotas de entregas periódicas, no software IBM CPLEX, apresentando propostas de roteamento com variáveis com índice. Foram obtidas rotas utilizando mais de um veículo, atendendo a todas as unidades, obedecendo aos quantitativos e às frequências estipuladas pela organização. Ficou demonstrado que o roteamento com a adoção de veículos com maior capacidade pode otimizar as entregas, reduzindo a quilometragem percorrida em 19%, aproximadamente. Ressalta-se a importância deste estudo por tratar de uma rede de hospitais, sendo este um diferencial dentro da literatura da área.
Evaluation of the functional condition of an ankle joint after a torsional injury of the ankle joint
on the basis of the Y Balance Test and the FMS test.
Authors: Ridan Tomasz , Siwiaszczyk Kinga , Berwecki Arkadiusz
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to assess
the functional condition in basketball
players after a torsional injury of the
ankle joint in relation to players without
an ankle injury . The possible
relationship between the injury and the
functional condition of the player was
examined.
The research group consisted of 30
basketball players from the second
league teams in Krakow, including 20
players after an ankle injury and 10
without the injury. The research was
based on a survey and FMS and YBT
tests. The calculations were carried out
using Microsoft Excel 2013 and
Statistica 10.0 programs. Student t-test
and Pearson 's correlation coefficients
were used to calculate the statistical
significance (<0.5).
The research has shown that better
functional parameters achieved in tests
were found in basketball players who
did not have a torsional injury. Higher
probability of a next ankle injury is
characteristic of players who have suffered similar injuries before. Each
player received physiotherapeutic
help, which allowed the most of the
players to return to training after one or
two weeks after the injury.
Conclusions: 1. An ankle joint injury
has an influence on test results and
contributes to the appearance of
functional changes and subsequent
injuries. 2. The results of the YBT test
for the limb after an ankle torsion
injury achieve a lower point value
compared to the limb without the
injury. 3. In the FMS test, better results
are achieved by players without a
torsional ankle injury.
Massage for pain: an overview of systematic reviews
Authors: POSADZKI Paweł , FERNÁNDEZ-DE-LAS-PEÑAS César , KUŻDŻAŁ Adrian , ERNST Edzard
Published: July 2020

Objective: This article is aimed at
critically evaluating the evidence for or against the effectiveness of massage
therapy on pain.

Design: Review of systematic reviews.

Methods: Six databases were searched from their inceptions to June 2013. Systematic reviews (SRs) of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of any type of manual massage (MM) with any type of pain as the outcome measure were considered eligible. The methodological quality of the included SRs was assessed using the Oxman criteria. Results: Thirty-nine SRs met the inclusion criteria. Most of them were of high methodological quality. Twenty-one SRs arrived at equivocal conclusions (of these 13 were of high quality); 13 drew positive conclusions (of these 10 were of high quality); and 5 arrived at negative conclusions (of these 2 were of high quality). Unanimously positive conclusions were reached for cancerrelated pain, dysmenorrhea, labor pain, low back pain, neck pain and shoulder pain. Negative conclusions were drawn for tension-type headache, fibromyalgia and irritable bowel syndrome.

Conclusions: A wide variety of MM techniques were examined, including acupressure, aromatherapy, classical massage, connective tissue, Deep Transversal Friction Massage, ischemic compression, lymphatic drainage, myofascial, reflexology, Shiatsu, soft tissue massage, Thai massage and Tui na. The majority of high quality SRs showed moderate effectiveness of MM in the management of certain types of pain.
Impact of myofascial mobilization on pain and mobility of the spine
in people with pain and increased muscle tone of the cervical spine
Authors: NIEDBAŁA Marta , MAGOŃ Grzegorz
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Manual therapy is a
standard method of physiotherapy to
deactivate the interfering potential of the
trigger points thus eliminate the
subsequent tension within the area of the
connective tissue.

Aims. The aim of the study is the evaluation of the influence of the myofascial trigger points therapy on the increased neck muscle tension, pain and ROM in people who suffer from cervical pain.

Material and methods. A diagnostic method was linear measurements of ROM of the cervical spine and a visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess the pain level. The examination included 35 people aged 25-55, performing whitecollar work in sitting position, selected by a neurologist or orthopedist, with identified increased muscle tension in the cervical region. Achieved results were statistically evaluated. To show the importance of the differences in cervical ROM, the intensity of pain and disability level before and after rehabilitation, a non-parametric signedrank test was utilized. The differences were found as significant for p<0,05.

Results and conclusions. A comprehensive physiotherapy of myofascial painfull points results in decrease the pain level in patients suffering from pain syndrome of the cervical spine. Proposed physiotherapy plan lead to improved movement of the cervical spine in all directions.
The effectiveness of therapeutic massage in neck pain – prospective, preliminary studies
Authors: KUŻDŻAŁ Adrian , TUR Karolina
Published: July 2020

Objective. Assessment of the efficacy of
classic (Swedish) therapeutical massage
in pain of cervical spine.

Materials & methods. 25 people with
pain of cervical spine treated with
massage were evaluated. NDI and selfconstructed
questionnaires were used.
Patients were examined before and after
therapy. Results were statistically
analyzed.

Results. Before the massage 48% of the
subjects felt moderate pain, after it 60%
felt very little pain. The massage was
effective in all categories of NDI, it was
not significant only in category: lifting.
The efficacy of the massage in men and
w o m e n w e r e c o m p a r a b l e i n 8
categories. It was higher in women in
categories: reading and headache. Age
had no impact on efficacy of the massage
in every category.

Conclusion. After massage the intensity
of pain and the disabilities of functioning
of cervical spine were reduced. Sex and
age were not differentiating factors of the
efficacy of the massage.
Rehabilitation of patient with low back pain and sciatic
neuralgia after microdiscectomy : case report
Authors: WASILEWSKI Jakub , KOZAKIEWICZ Mirella , WASILEWSKA Agata , PERMODA Andrzej
Published: July 2020

Patients with low back pain are
very often clients of physiotherapist.
A large part of them manages to cure
the leading conservative therapy.
Many of them, but recently more,
cases of advanced spinal disorders
require surgical intervention. This
procedure carries with it serious
c o n s e q u e n c e s r e l a t e d t o t h e
t r a n s i t i o n a l r e s t r i c t i o n o f
independence and inability to work.
The correct rehabilitation before and
postoperative have directly influance
on recovery time. Very important for
our patient in recovery is: restore all
functions, get rid of troublesome pain
and also trained the new, proper
movement patterns (prevention).
Authors describe their own method in
rehabilitation which proved to be
efective.
Assessment of the occurrence of upper limb injuries among female athletes training softball
Authors: RIDAN Tomasz , ZIMOWSKI Alan , GŁĄB Grzegorz
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of upper limb injuries among female athletes training softball. The study group consisted of 46 female players practicing softball in teams of the Polish Women's Softball League. The age of the respondents ranged from 14 to 35 years, with an average of 23.22 years. The study was based on the author's questionnaire, which was carried out at the turn of May and June 2016. The obtained data was processed with the use of the Excel 2007 spreadsheet. The study showed that the majority of the respondents suffered from injuries in the shoulder joint and the most common type of the damage was pulling the muscle. The injuries to the upper limb happened mainly during a training session. Contact with another subject was the most often mechanism of the injury during a match, and during a training session the injuries were sustained without contact.
Analysis of the incidence of ankle joint injuries among dancers
representing different dance styles.
Authors: RIDAN Tomasz , OGRODZKA-CIECHANOWICZ Katarzyna , MOLĘDA Magdalena , KAMIŃSKA-GWÓŹDŹ Ewelina
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Injuries of the ankle
joint are among the most common
injuries of the locomotor system,
occurring both among athletes and
people involved in amateur sports and
other recreational activities. The
objective of the study was to assess the
incidence of injuries to the ankle joint in
a group of professional and amateur
dancers representing different dance
styles. Material and research method.
The research initially covered a group of
98 dancers. Ultimately, 64 dancers
qualified for the study, including 28 men
(44%) and 36 women (56%) aged
between 17 and 23 years. The study was
conducted among the registered active
dancers from all over Poland. It was
based on a survey questionnaire
designed by the researchers. The
obtained data was subjected to
calculations using the Excel 2010
spreadsheet. Results. In the group
surveyed, 53 individuals (83%) suffered
injury to only one ankle joint. Ankle
joint injuries recurred with a variable
frequency, usually between 2 and 5
times, in 7 (53%) ballroom dancers, 10 (59%) jazz dancers, 4(16%) dancers in
the group of jazz dance, and 7 dancers in
the group of modern jazz. Ankle joint
injuries usually occurred during the
training – 49 (76,6%) of the respondents,
10 individuals (15,6%) suffered injury
after the training, and 5 persons (7,8%) –
during various recreational activities.
Conclusions. Ankle joint injuries affect a
wide group of dancers, and their
frequency is associated with the lack of
professional experience. The majority of
injuries occur in the initial period of
dancing. The dance style and the type of
shoes used, such as ballet shoes or highheeled
shoes, have no effect on the
incidence of injuries.
ZALECENIA KRAJOWEJ IZBY FIZJOTERAPEUTÓW (KIF) W ZAKRESIE BEZPIECZNEGO STOSOWANIA IGŁOTERAPII
SUCHEJ (DRY-NEEDLING) W FIZJOTERAPII
Authors: KUŻDŻAŁ Adrian , WROŃSKI Zbigniew , SZAPEL Karol
Published: July 2020

Igłoterapia sucha (Dry Needling - DN) polega na wykonaniu zabiegu z wykorzystaniem cienkich, pełnych, sterylnych i jednorazowych igieł w celu leczenia bólu i dysfunkcji w obrębie narządu ruchu. Niniejsza publikacja przedstawia zalecenia Krajowej Izby Fizjoterapeutów (KIF) na temat bezpiecznego stosowania igłoterapii suchej. Wytyczne zawarte w pracy opierają się między innymi na dokumentach wyznaczających międzynarodowe standardy jak: „Zalecenia Amerykańskiego Towarzystwa Fizjoterapii (APTA) w zakresie bezpiecznego stosowania igłoterapii suchej punktów spustowych 2012”, „Australijskie (ASAP) wytyczne bezpiecznej akupunktury i igłoterapii suchej 2013” „Irlandzkie wytyczne dla fizjoterapeutów na temat igłoterapii suchej 2013", „Szwajcarskie wytyczne odnośnie bezpiecznego stosowania igłoterapii suchej 2014”, „Wytyczne Polskiego Towarzystwa Medycyny Manualnej (PTMM) bezpiecznego stosowania suchej igłoterapii punktów spustowych w Fizjoterapii 2017” oraz przeglądzie badań i zaleceń Krajowej Izby Fizjoterapeutów z 2019 roku.