bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combination chemotherapy in a prostate tumor model: Nb rat prostatic adenocarcinoma model
Authors: Drago Joseph R. , Worgul Thomas , Gershwin M. Eric
Published: February 2007

This report presents the experience with single and combination chemotherapy in the Noble rat prostatic adenocarcinoma model. The best single agent in treatment of these tumors is cyclophosphamide, the best combination was triple drug therapy cyclophosphamide, cis‐plati‐num, and adriamycin. This report examines the effect of the various chemotherapeutic regimens on tumor volume, number of metastasis, and complete tumor regression.
Malignant melanoma of the female genital system: A report of 48 patients and review of the literature
Authors: Ariel Irving M.
Published: February 2007

Malignant melanoma of the female genital tract comprises 3% of all melanomas afflicting females. Melanoma of the vulva is most common, comprising 45 patients treated by the author. Thirty‐two percent had metastases to the regional lymph nodes on presentation. Five‐year survival is 31.6%. Radical vulvectomy and radical groin dissection is the treatment of choice. Only 80 melanomas of the vagina have been reported, with cures being an extreme rarity. Forty cases of the female urethra reported in the literature and only five survivors have been reported. Melanoma of the uterus is extremely rare, with no cures recorded. Melanoma of the ovary may occur within a teratoma but most frequently is metastatic.
Cancer to the inguinal nodes from an unknown primary site
Authors: Wallack Marc K. , Reynolds Barbara
Published: February 2007

Three cases of metastatic cancer to inquinal lymph nodes from unknown primaries are presented. All three patients had exhaustive workups which produced no primary lesions. There were two cases of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma and one of melanoma. A review of the literature shows that it is unusual to have metastatic disease without detectable primary lesions to the inguinal lymph nodes. Furthermore, and more importantly, these cases open discussion of recent concepts of tumor biology. Based on these newer concepts, suggestions are made concerning the examination and treatment of these unusual lesions.
Heterotopic ossification in a lymph node with metastatic follicular carcinoma of thyroid: A case report
Authors: Wasiljew Bohdan K. , Apostol James V. , Rao M. Sambasiva
Published: February 2007

Metastasis of follicular thyroid carcinoma in a cervical lymph node associated with heterotopic ossification in a 34‐year‐old white female is presented. Pertinent gross and microscopic pathology is described and the literature is reviewed briefly. Bone formation in thyroid neoplasm has not been reported previously, except for bone metastases of medullary carcinoma.
The antigenicity of synchronous cancers of the colon and rectum
Authors: Greco Ralph S.
Published: February 2007

Immuno‐reactivity to tumor extracts in patients with colorectal cancer was evaluated by the direct leukocyte migration inhibition assay. Hypertonic potassium chloride extracts were prepared from a group of synchronous colorectal cancers and from single colorectal cancers. Both groups of extracts were tested in patients with single colorectal cancers. All patients were tested preoperatively, none were previously treated, and none had distant metastases. Synchronous extracts showed no significant migration inhibition in allogeneic assays. Single colorectal cancers showed highly significant inhibition to autologous extracts only and not to allogeneic extracts. These data support the contention that colorectal cancers are antigenically dissimilar.
Osteoclastome‐like giant cell thyroid carcinoma controlled by intensive radiation and adriamycin, in a patient with meningioma and multiple myeloma treated by radiation and cytoxan
Authors: Vizel–Schwartz Monique
Published: February 2007

The eighth case of osteoclastome‐like giant cell carcinoma of the thyroid, and the first one to be treated with adriamycin in addition to surgery and radiation, is reported. This rare variant of anaplastic thryoid carcinoma appeared in a patient operated on for meningioma and treated for multiple myeloma with cranial radiation and chronic administration of cytoxan.
Immunological detection of metastases from prostatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Heaney John A. , Lin Julia C. , Daly James J. , Prout George R.
Published: February 2007

In six patients with known prostatic adenocarcinoma, extraprostatic (metastatic) tumor was suspected on radiographic or radionucleotide studies. When cytological examination of tissue obtained by needle aspiration or biopsy was nondiagnostic, radial gel immunodiffusion was used to identify the presence of prostatic acid phosphatase in the tissue. Four specimens demonstrated prostate‐specific acid phosphatase activity, permitting the diagnosis of metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma. The technique is simple and highly specific.
Current report on the interferon program at Roswell Park Memorial Institute
Authors: Murphy Gerald P.
Published: February 2007

An overview of the interferon program at Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI), is presented. This program encompasses three interrelated areas of research and new drug development: (a) basic research on purification and characterization of animal and human interferons (leukocyte, fibroblast, and immune); (b) large scale manufacture and preclinical testing of human fibroblast interferon (HFIF); and (c) clinical trials with HFIF to determine its safety of administration as well as antiviral, antitumor, and immunomodulatory activities in patients with neoplastic or viral disease. The antitumor effect of HFIF produced at RPMI as assessed by intralesional injection of various metastatic nodules resulted in an overall 71% local response. Phase I studies in 13 patients demonstrated that HFIF can be administered safely by the subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous routes in doses up to 25 million units per day without any serious untoward effects. Intrathecal administration of HFIF into patients with CNS leukemia was also well tolerated. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated significant levels of HFIF in serum and cerebrospinal fluid after intravenous and intrathecal administration, respectively. Coincidental with the HFIF systemic administration during the Phase I trials, favorable responses in several laboratory, immune, and clinical parameters were observed. These results provide the rationale for conducting phase II and phase III clinical trials with HFIF produced at RPMI.
Prostate cancer mortality among catholic priests
Authors: Michalek Arthur M. , Mettlin Curtis , Priore Roger L.
Published: February 2007

To investigate the possible role of celibate lifestyles in the etiology of prostate cancer, analyses of mortality from cancers of the prostate and other sites among an average annual cohort of 6,226 Roman Catholic clergymen in New York State from 1965 through 1977 were conducted. The death certificates of 1006 (95%) priests were reviewed. Of these 156 deaths were attributable to malignant neoplasms. Clerics experienced mortality ratios of 15% less for all causes of death and 30% less for cancer mortality, given mortality patterns among New York State white males of comparable ages. Twelve deaths from prostatic cancer were observed while 19.8 were expected. This represents a mortality experience significantly less than that of the general noncelibate population. Lower mortality ratios were found also for cancers of the lung, colo‐rectum, and stomach. Higher mortality ratios were found for malignant melanoma and unspecified respiratory organs.
Effect of cimetidine on human leukocyte function
Authors: Majeski James A. , Alexander J. Wesley
Published: February 2007

In vitro studies of the effects of cimetidine on neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis revealed no differences between the treated cells and control cells. In vitro studies were performed on neutrophils and monocytes from 20 patients who were treated with oral cimetidine for duodenal ulcer disease. Neutrophil studies from these patients revealed no effect by cimetidine. A significant augmentation of chemotaxis was found in monocytes from patients receiving the drug. Studies of neutrophil phagocytosis from cimetidine‐treated patients were exactly identical to control values. These studies indicate cimetidine to have a stimulatory effect on monocyte chemotaxis and no effect on neutrophil function.
Cystic lymphangioma of stomach and jejunum: Report of one case
Authors: Colizza S. , Tiso B. , Bracci F. , Cudemo R. G. , Bigotti A. , Crisci E.
Published: February 2007

A case of cystic lymphangioma of stomach and jejunum is reported. The patient, a woman aged 58, was referred to the hospital for a melena of 4 days duration, which was interpreted as related to an old history of hypertrophic gastritis and duodenal ulcer. A conservative treatment with transfusions, cimetidine i.v., and gastric washout with antacids was started, but the hemorrhage appeared unresponsive, so an explorative laparotomy was performed. At the operation a soft pliable cystic mass in the anterior wall of the stomach was found; a smaller one was felt in the second jejunal loop. A Billroth II gastroduodenal resection was performed. The diagnosis of nature was only microscopic. At 9 months follow‐up the patient is well, free of the disease.
Delayed hypersensitivity reactions vs chemotherapy and immunotherapy responses in women with ovarian adenocarcinoma
Authors: Piver M. Steven , Blumenson Leslie , Barlow Joseph J. , Senko Reggie
Published: February 2007

Fifty‐one previously untreated women with FIGO Stages III and IV ovarian adenocarcinoma underwent sequential monthly skin testing utilizing Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanian, Varidase, mumps, monilia, and a purified protein derivative Tuberculin (PPD) prior to each course of systemic chemotherapy (with or without Corynebacterium parvum). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the patients' ability to demonstrate a delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction to these sensitizing antigens and response to therapy. There was no statistically significant correlation with response to therapy and: 1) Positive pretherapy skin test reactions vs anergy to pretherapy skin tests. 2) Negative pretherapy and positive post‐therapy skin tests. 3) Anergy pre‐ and post‐therapy vs positive skin tests pre‐ or post‐therapy. 4) Age of the patient vs skin test reactivity. 5) Skin test reactivity to any one of the five antigens tested. 6) Skin test reactivity in response to therapy in those women also receiving Corynebacterium parvum. It is concluded that the battery of skin tests utilized do not predict the patient's response to systemic chemotherapy in advanced ovarian adenocarcinoma.
Effects of hepatic artery ligation and intraarterial embolization on liver tumor growth—an experimental study in rats
Authors: Carlsson G. , Ekelund L. , Hafström Lo , Jonsson N. , Stigsson L.
Published: February 2007

The effect of hepatic artery ligation and intraarterial embolization was investigated in rats with liver tumors. Only a temporary reduction in tumor growth was registered after both procedures as compared to controls. There was a somewhat more pronounced effect in the ligated animals then in the embolized ones. No clear cut differences in the extent of tumor necrosis could be found between the groups at the end of the experimental period.
Acute hodgkin disease masquerading as splenic abscess
Authors: Bloom R. A. , Freund U. , Perkes E. H. , Weiss Y.
Published: February 2007

A splenic abscess was erroneously diagnosed in a 65‐year‐old patient. The diagnosis was established on clinical, radiological and ultrasonographic data. At laparotomy the spleen was markedly enlarged by tumoral tissue and contained a large cystic lesion. The histological diagnosis was typical Hodgkin disease with lymphocytic depletion.

Ultrasonography adds valuable information in the diagnosis of splenic lesions. Hodgkin disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions detected in the spleen by this method.
Surgical treatment of locally far‐advanced lung carcinoma
Authors: Takita Hiroshi , Edgerton Francis , Conway Donna , Marabella Patrick C. , Vincent Ronald G.
Published: February 2007

It has been our policy to employ radical lung resection as a primary treatment whenever possible in locally far‐advanced lung cancer. In order to assess the therapeutic results, a total of 132 patients with locally far‐advanced lung cancer who had radical lung resection were reviewed. Postoperative mortality was 10%. A significant difference in survival was seen between those patients receiving no adjuvant therapy, radiation or single agent chemotherapy and those receiving cis‐platinum‐based polychemotherapy and/or immunotherapy (respective median survivals 14.25 and 25.68 months, P <0.05 Breslow test of failure rates). Aggressive surgery followed by effective adjuvant therapy in locally far‐advanced Stage III lung carcinoma appears to produce acceptable survival results.
Dimethyltriazenoimidazole carboxamide therapy of islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas
Authors: Awrich Alan E. , Peetz Michael , Fletcher William S.
Published: February 2007

Four patients with metastatic glucagonoma and one patient with metastatic diarrheogenic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas were treated with dimethyltriazenoimidazole carboxamide (DTIC), 250 mg/M2 daily for five days repeated every four weeks. All patients responded clinically and chemically in one or more ways by a reduction in plasma glucagon levels, improved glucose tolerance, decreased measureable tumor, weight gain, and resolution of necrolytic migratory erythema and diarrhea. This experience and other cases from the literature call for the investigation of DTIC as the initial therapy in metastatic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas and as being of possible benefit in other tumors of neuroendocrine origin.
Influence of mouse hepatitis virus on the growth of human melanoma in the peritoneal cavity of the athymic mouse
Authors: Akimaru Koho , Stuhlmiller Gary M. , Seigler H. F.
Published: February 2007

Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) infection was found in 15 of 40 athymic mice (Balb/c nu/nu) used in an experimental model designed to study the effect of cell mediated immunity on target human melanoma cells growing in the peritoneal cavity.

Most non‐MHV‐infected mice died of peritoneal tumor within predictable periods following injection of the melanoma cells. Twelve of 15 MHV‐infected mice which showed either poor or no tumor growth died of MHV infection, whereas only 3 showed good tumor growth. Peritoneal marcrophages in the ascites from the MHV‐infected mice were greatly reduced in number compared to those in the ascites from the non‐MHV‐infected mice. Although the fibrohistiocytic reaction was more prominent in the MHV‐infected mice, other aspects of spleen and lymph node lymphocytic reactions exhibited no remarkable differences between the two groups. The possible mechanisms whereby MHV infection influences tumor growth in nude mice are discussed.
Estradiol‐3‐dansylate used as a fluorescent histochemical stain, a possible prognostic aid for nondisseminating prostatic carcinoma
Authors: van Dalen Johan P. R.
Published: February 2007

Transperineal biopsies of prostate carcinomas were histochemically stained with estradiol‐3‐dansylate, a fluorescent stain. About half of the carcinomas were stainable but carcinomas with distant metastasis showed a lower staining percentage than carcinomas without distant metastasis. The combination of a positive estradiol‐3‐dansylate staining and a well‐to‐moderate differentiation of the tumor seems to indicate a low chance of developing metastasis in the future. If this correlation could be confirmed in following studies, it would mean that about one‐third of patients with localized prostatic carcinoma may be indicated by a transperineal biopsy with this method, as having a low risk for future metastasis.
Murine erythropoietin in ascitic fluid
Authors: Fredrickson T. N. , Lobue J. , Camiscoli J. F. , Gordon A. S. , Spector D.
Published: February 2007

Administration of 0.2 ml of a 1.25% solution of phenylhydrazine (PHZ) and 500 rads of X‐irradiation to BALB/c mice produced a prompt and severe reduction to hematocrit with a resultant increase in plasma levels of erythropoietin (Ep). By also giving mice treated with PHZ and irradiation an ascites from of a transplantable sarcoma, the amount of recoverable material rich in Ep could be greatly increased because ascitic fluid contained levels of Ep comparable to plasma.
Aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible: Report of a case
Authors: Saltzman Eric I. , Jun Moo Young
Published: February 2007

Aneurysmal bone cysts are rare lesions, particularly in the craniofacial bones. After a comprehensive review of the English literature, the fifty fifth case occurring in the craniofacial area, and the twentieth in the mandible is reported. Cryosurgery is recommended as the treatment of choice in the head and neck area because of the low recurrence rate, the excellent cosmetic and functional results, and the lack of untoward sequelae in the long‐term.
Ultrastructural study of membrane glycocalyx in primary and metastatic human and rat mammary carcinoma
Authors: Ghosh Luna , Nassauer Joyce , Faiferman Isidore , Ghosh Bimal C.
Published: February 2007

The glycocalyx of primary and metastatic tumors was compared by ruthenium red staining and electron microscopy. Two systems were studied: human primary and metastatic breast tumors and rat primary and metastatic mammary carcinomas. A considerable diminution in the amount of glycocalyx was detected in both systems when primary tumors were compared with metastases. These results are consistent with observations of others showing that metastatic tumors shed glycoprotein antigens to the circulation; this may provide an immune escape mechanism for tumor cells, allowing their dissemination.
Hormone receptors in male breast carcinoma
Authors: Ruff Stanley J. , Bauer John E. , Keenan Edward J. , Moseley H. Stephens , Fletcher William S.
Published: February 2007

It is well established that approximately 60% of female breast cancers contain estrogen receptors (ER+). The hormonal receptor status of male breast cancers remains relatively unknown. Tumor tissue from 14 patients has been reviewed at the University of Oregon Health Sciences Center. Specimens of all 14 patients were ER+ with a range of 5.5 to 374 fmol/mg protein. Eight of 12 patients had tumors which also contained progesterone receptors (PR+) with a range of 42 to 1852 fmol/mg protein.

Nine patients were treated by modified radical mastectomy, two by radical mastectomy, one by simple mastectomy, and two by biopsies only. Twelve patients remain free of disease with a mean follow‐up of less than 2 years. The two patients who developed metastases both responded to endocrine ablation by orchiectorny and subsequent adrenalectomy.

These data suggest that male breast cancer is highly endocrine sensitive and that endocrine ablation can play an integral part in those men unfortunate enough to develop disseminated disease.
Malignant thymoma in an eight‐month‐old boy
Authors: Deshpande Ganesh N. , Fisher John E. , Jewett Theodore C. , Freeman Arnold I.
Published: February 2007

A case of locally invasive malignant thymoma is presented. This 8‐month‐old child presented with respiratory distress and superior vena cava syndrome. Histology revealed malignant lymphocytic thymoma infiltrating the great vessels, pericardium, and regional lymph node. He was successfully treated with surgical removal, radiotherapy, and aggressive chemotherapy. We believe he is the youngest child with thymoma reported in medical literature.
Mercury‐induced necrosis of murine renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Herr Harry W. , Kleinert Edward L. , Whitmore Willet F.
Published: February 2007

Administration of the nephrotoxic agent, bichloride of mercury (HgCl2), to BALB/c mice bearing subcapsular renal tumor transplants induced early preferential necrosis of the tumor cells compared with mercury‐treated normal kidney tubular cells and untreated control tumors. The principle is established that a selective proximal tubular poison is also toxic for a tumor of the same cellular origin.
Results of combined chemosurgical therapy for pulmonary metastases
Authors: Blondet R. , Zlatoff P. , Frieh J. Ph , Brunat‐Mentigny M. , Pasini E. , Bobin J. Y. , Mayer M.
Published: February 2007

The authors study the results of the combined surgery and postoperative chemotherapy, for treatment of pulmonary metastases. At Léon‐Bérard Center, 50 patients have been operated on, since 1963. The sites and histologies of the primitive cancers are varied, corresponding to 12 epidermoid cancers, 12 adenocarcinomas, 10 osteogenic sarcomas, 1 Ewing's tumor, 3 malignant melanomas, 6 testicular tumors, and 4 others. The total survival rate is 30% in 4 years. The prognosis is influenced by different factors, which are studied. It depends on the histology of the primitive cancer and the type of the pulmonary excision. It is suggested that postoperative chemotherapy improves the results. It appears that the longer the free interval is between the treatment of the primitive cancer and the discovery of the pulmonary metastasis, the better the prognosis. The correlation between the time lapse of the free interval and the survey after pulmonary excision is studied. The conclusions of the authors are: The association of surgery and chemotherapy improves the results and enforces the indications for surgical excision of pulmonary metastases.
Pap smears: Access to hospital outpatients of nongynecological services
Authors: Kizilbash Mehdi , Mettlin Curtis
Published: February 2007

At a comprehensive cancer center, evaluation of the first year's experience with routine Pap smears offered to 6,851 nongynecological outpatients showed that after exempting those with a recent smear, medical contraindication or preference for their personal physician, 19.5% comprising the underscreened population, was given a smear on the current visit. This approach provided comprehensive access on a cost‐effective basis. Conceivably, primary care community hospitals could also offer routine smears to their underscreened outpatient population in a systematic manner to expand impact on public health.
Primary adenocarcinoma of the esophagus: A review of 12 cases
Authors: Reyes Cesar V. , Wang Taishine
Published: February 2007

To evaluate its true incidence and related clinical characteristics, the definition of primary adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is reemphasized. The tumor constitutes 2% of all esophageal malignancies. Its symptomatology, biologic behavior, and ultimate prognosis appear to be no different from the ordinary squamous cell carcinoma. Our analyses also support the implication of causal relationship between a columnar‐lined lower esophagus (Barrett's epithelium) and the neoplasm.
Long‐term remission of an advanced head and neck tumor following intra‐arterial infusion with cis‐dicholordiammine platinum
Authors: Horn Yoav , Adam Yehuda , Walach Natalio , Ilian Mahmoud
Published: February 2007

A 65‐year‐old man with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck was initially treated with radiation therapy and systemic chemotherapy resulting in a complete remission. Recurring tumor, 2½ years later, caused advanced destruction of most left hemi‐face tissues. Intraarterial infusion with cis‐dichlorodiammine platinum (CDDP) to a total dose of 125 mg resulted in a complete remission of 15 months duration.

The value of the use of the intra‐arterial route in treating advanced head and neck tumors with CDDP is discussed.
The primary and secondary prevention of cancer
Authors: Spratt John S.
Published: February 2007

Prevention of cancer is now divided into primary and secondary prevention. Primary prevention is that set of interventions that keeps a cancerous process from ever developing and includes health counseling and education, environmental controls, and product safety as examples. Secondary prevention is that set of interventions leading to the discovery and control of cancerous or precancerous processes while localized, i.e., screening, early detection, and effective treatment. Risk is lifelong for all, though it may vary in intensity among different groups. Jointly, primary and secondary prevention must be synthesized into optimum life time strategies that are best understood and evaluated under certain basic concepts of the epidemiology of cancer and operations research. The purpose of this report is to provide a brief review of these concepts applied to primary and secondary prevention of human cancer. Improved understanding of these concepts is essential for planning, implementation, and evaluation of prevention programs.
Purification of antigens from urine of a sarcoma patient by affinity chromatography
Authors: Huth James F. , Gupta Rishab K. , Morton Donald L.
Published: February 2007

Previous publications from our laboratory have demonstrated the presence of antigens in the urine of cancer patients detectable by the complement fixation (CF) assay. The purpose of this study was to develop a methodology for purification of these tumor‐associated antigen(s) using xenogeneic antisera as a specific immunoabsorbent. Urine possessing high antigen titer by CF was collected from sarcoma patients. Xenoantiserum to the urinary antigens was prepared by injection of concentrated, dialyzed urine mixed with complete Freund's adjuvant into rabbits. Control xenoantisera were obtained by injection of pooled human normal urine in an identical manner. The antisarcoma urine xenoantisera were absorbed with human normal liver and insolubilized human normal serum to remove cross‐reacting antibodies to normal human components. The immunoglobulin fraction of the xenoantisera was isolated by ammonium sulfate precipitation and covalently linked to Sepharose 4B beads. Urine from a sarcoma patient was reacted with the immunobeads, and the affinity absorbed antigen(s) were eluted with 3.5 M potassium thiocyanate. The affinity purified urinary antigen had a CF titer of 1:128 against xenoantisera that had been quantitatively absorbed with human normal liver cells and the insolubilized normal human serum. Absorption of the xenoantiserum with cultured allogeneic sarcoma cells removed all activity against the affinity purified antigen(s). The results suggest that the cultured sarcoma cells expressed antigens immunologically similar to those present in the urine of sarcoma patients, and that these antigens can be isolated from urine of cancer patients and purified by affinity chromatography. The affinity purified antigens(s) was labeled with 125I by the vapor phase chloramine‐T method, and a radioimmunoassay was developed. By radioimmunoassay, antisarcoma urine xenoantiserum absorbed with human normal liver and insolubilized serum had a titer of 1:4000 against the affinity purified antigen. Xenoantisera to pooled normal human urine treated similarly showed no reactivity to the affinity purified antigen. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the radiolabeled antigen(s) showed a single peak in the 40,000‐ to 50,000‐ dalton range.
Exploratory thoracotomy on a patient with previous malignancy—“metastasis” or “new primary” or “unrelated lesion”
Authors: Vyas J. J. , Desai P. B. , Rao Nagaraj D.
Published: February 2007

Surgical resection of a solitary pulmonary metastasis is an established procedure. A medical generation ago when such a shadow appeared on chest roentgenogram of a patient who had known cancer elsewhere in body, it was assumed to be “metastasis” from an extrathoracic site. With increasing advances in knowledge, the occurrence of second primary or new lesion is now no more curiosity in clinical practice. To one's surprise, the lesions that are assumed to be metastatic have often turned out to be “fresh” lesion or even unrelated benign, granulomatous, inflammatory, or parasitic lesion. This paper analyses 66 patients during a period of 20 years who underwent thoracotomy for such solitary pulmonary lesions, and emphasizes the role of diagnostic‐cum‐therapeutic‐thoracotomy in such a clinical situation where in prethoracotomy tissue diagnosis is not forthcoming.
Clonal growth of normal and malignant human breast epithelia
Authors: Lan Sam , Smith Helene S. , Stampfer Martha R.
Published: February 2007

We have developed an efficient method for the growth of colonies from single breast epithelial cells derived from nonmalignant [6], primary [7], and metastatic [1] surgical specimens. The immediate sources of the cells were primary and secondary mass cultures. An enriched culture medium and fibroblast feeder layers were used. A linear relationship between the number of cells cultured and the number of colonies obtained was found. Efficiency of colony formation was higher for those derived from nonmalignant specimens (mean 24%) than those derived from malignant specimens (mean 11%). Fibroblast feeder layers increased the efficiency of colony formation and also supported extended growth of colonies.
Synovial sarcoma of the abdominal wall: A case report and study of its fine structure
Authors: Al‐Dewachi H. S. , Sangal B. C. , Zakaria M. A. K.
Published: February 2007

A case of synovial sarcoma in the abdominal wall of a 50‐year‐old Iraqi female is reported. The ultrastructure of the tumor has been studied. Eight other cases of synovial sarcoma in the abdominal wall which were reported in the English literature up to 1978 have been reviewed. Synovial sarcomas in the abdominal wall tend to occur with a much greater frequency in females in contrast to such tumors in the extremities or the neck which tend to occur with a much greater frequency in males. No ultrastructure studies of abdominal wall synovial sarcomas could be found in the English literature. Ultrastructure characteristics of this tumor were similar to those arising in the usual sites and in the neck. However, the present study has indicated that the light and dark cells reported by earlier workers are not solely limited to the epitheloid areas but are also present in the spindle cell zones.
Immunogenicity and cross‐protection among b16 melanoma variants with differing proclivities to metastasize
Authors: Harte Paul J. , Steele Glenn , Munroe Alelia E. , Rayner Anthony A. , Wang Bosco S. , Wilson Richard E. , Mannick John A.
Published: February 2007

We report here the lack of any relationship between immunogenicity and the potential to metastasize among four B16 melanoma variants. Groups of C57BL/6J mice were immunized with one of four B16 variant lines (maintained by serial IM passage) that were shown in separate experiments to produce the following incidences of pulmonary metastases four to six weeks after isograft excision: M1, 10%–15%; M2, 10%–20%; M3, 75%–80%; and M4, 75%–90%. After immunization, mice were challenged with one of the four variant lines in a crisscross fashion. Two challenge doses for each line were chosen on the basis of earlier experiments showing 100% and 50% challenge tumor take in nonimmunized animals. Despite earlier work published from this laboratory showing that splenocytes harvested from immunized mice could distinguish antigenic differences among the B16 variants, we could find no significant difference in immunogenicity or cross‐protection among the lines regardless of their metastatic potential. We conclude that no correlation exists between the antigenic differences shown by in vitro splenocyte‐mediated cytotoxicity assays among the B16 variants and in vivo immunogenicity or cross‐protection experiments. Furthermore, the relationship (if any) between immunogenicity and the ability to metastasize among these B16 variants is not straightforward.
Gastric leiomyosarcoma: Clinical and pathological review of fifty patients
Authors: Lindsay Philip C. , Ordonez Nelson , Raaf John H.
Published: February 2007

Fifty patients with gastric leiomyosarcoma seen at M.D. Anderson Hospital between 1957 and 1978 were reviewed. Symptoms included weakness, gastrointestinal bleeding, and epigastric pain. An upper abdominal mass or tenderness was the most frequent physical finding. Laparotomy was performed in all patients, with gastric resection in 86%, and resection for cure in 68%. Survival after distal subtotal gastric resection (mean: 62 months) was longer than after proximal subtotal (30 months) or wedge resection (46 months). The five‐year survival was 19% for all patients, and 32% for those operated on for cure. A favorable prognosis was predicted by mild atypia or few mitoses (grade 1). No differences in survival were demonstrated between patients with tumors of different cell types (epithelioid, spindle, or pleomorphic). No lymph node in any patient contained metastatic tumor, suggesting a lymph node dissection need not be performed. Commonly, tumor spread was to liver or lungs or by direct invasion of contiguous tissue or organs. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are of limited value in treating unresectable disease. If possible, both the primary lesion and recurrent rumor should be widely resected.
Effect of alkali metal salts on sarcoma I in A/J mice
Authors: El‐Domeiri Ali A. , Messiha Fathy S. , Hsia Wen‐Cheng
Published: February 2007

The chloride salts of lithium (Li+) and cesium (Cs+) were evaluated for their ability to influence the growth of Sarcoma I implants in A/J mice. The administration of daily doses of either 1 or 3 mEq/kg CsCl to these mice reduced the incidence and size of tumor implants. This effect was not apparent in animals receiving a smaller dose (0.5 mEq/kg) of the same drug. At the time of sacrifice the serum level of Cs+ in this latter group was approximately half that recorded in animals receiving the higher doses of CsCl. No effect on tumor incidence or rate of growth was observed in animals receiving different doses of LiCl. Because of the similarities that existed between cesium and potassium, it was postulated that the effect of cesium was due to alterations in the intracellular composition of the tumor cells. Also, the possible role of cytotoxic agents in potentiating the inhibitory effect of cesium on tumors was discussed.
Perforation complicating carcinoma of colon
Authors: Micbowitz M. , Avnieli D. , Lazarovici I. , Solowiejczyk M.
Published: February 2007

Eight hundred thirty‐six patients with carcinoma of colon and rectum were treated surgically in the Ichilov Medical Center from 1968 to 1975. Forty‐five patients (5.38%) suffering from perforative carcinoma were followed up. It was found that the treatment of choice for perforative carcinoma of the descending colon is primary resection without primary anastomosis. In ascending colon perforation the treatment of choice is primary resection with primary anastomosis. Thus aggressive surgical procedures afford the patient the best chance for smoother postoperative course and recovery. In patients surviving the operation, the survival time is not influenced by the type of perforation but by the stage of tumor invasion.
Squamous cell carcinoma complicating hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Black Steven B. , Woods John E
Published: February 2007

Squamous cell carcinoma is a very rarely reported late complication of hidradenitis suppurativa. Aggressive treatment on discovery is in order.
Hypoglycemia and hodgkin's disease with hyperinsulinemia
Authors: Smith Noel L. , Janelli Donald E. , Madariaga Juan , Mishriki Yousri
Published: February 2007

A case report is presented here in which Hodgkin's disease with persistent hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia was present requiring constant 10% glucose infusions to prevent symptoms. Subtotal pancreatectomy with excision of adjacent Hodgkin's disease has relieved hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia.
The application of tissue adhesives in small bowel anastomoses
Authors: Petrelli Nicholas J. , Cohen Howard , Derisi Dwicht , Ambrus Julian L. , Williams Phyllis
Published: February 2007

One layer everted end‐to‐end anastomosis was performed on the small bowel of mongrel dogs. Cultures of Serratia marcescens were injected into the lumen. Twenty‐four hours later the animals were reexplored, and peritoneal cultures were observed. In animals where Fibrin Seal (consisting of fibrinogen, cold insoluble globulin, factor XIII, platelet growth factor, antiplasmin, thrombin, and calcium chloride) was applied to the suture line, negative cultures were found except for two experiments in which dehiscence or contamination from the Serratia injection site occurred.
Further evaluation by ultrasound of mammographically determined breast dysplasia
Authors: Frazier Thomas G. , Cole‐Beuglet Catherine , Kurtz Alfred B. , Goldberg Barry B. , Ryan Sally M.
Published: February 2007

Evaluation of 135 consecutive patients was made for breast masses by the same surgeon and the patients were subsequently referred for ultrasound mammography of the breast after xeromammography revealed a “dysplastic” (DY) pattern only, with no evidence of malignancy. Three patients had carcinoma of the breast detected by ultrasound mammography that had been missed by xeromammography. Two of the three cancers were similarly diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology. All patients with a normal ultrasound examination have now been followed for a minimum of 15 months without evidence of developing breast cancer. This study confirms the importance of using additional diagnostic modalities for evaluating patients with dysplastic breasts and strongly suggests the value of ultrasound mammography in this group of patients.
Leiomyosarcoma of the skin: A case report
Authors: Aranha Gerard V. , Molnar Zelma V. , Reyes Cesar V. , Skladzien Gregory , Valadka Virginia T.
Published: February 2007

A middle‐aged man presented with an ulcerated nodule of the right posterior thigh that was histologically evaluated as leiomyosarcoma of the skin. A wide excision of the tumor was followed by split‐thickness skin grafting. Leiomyosarcomas of the skin and subcutaneous tissue are rare tumors, usually occurring in the proximal lower extremities. The treatment of choice is a wide local excision with a 3‐ to 5‐cm margin including the subcutaneous tissue and fascia. The defect is covered by a split‐thickness skin graft.
Excision of solitary brain metastases: Effect on survival
Authors: Abdel‐Dayem Hussein M. , El‐Dayem Ayda M.
Published: February 2007

Retrospective analysis of 88 patients treated for brain metastases at Veterans Administration and Erie County Medical Centers, Buffalo, New York, between January 1975 and August 1980 is presented. Patients were followed until January 1981. They were classified into three groups:

Group I—15 patients with solitary brain metastases treated by surgical excision followed by radiotherapy (SBM‐S).

Group II—32 patients with solitary brain metastases treated by radiotherapy alone (SBM‐RT).

Group III—41 patients with multiple brain metastases treated by radiotherapy (MBM‐RT).

The average survival was 216 days for the first group versus 80 and 106 days for the second and third groups, respectively. Three patients in the first group were still living at five, eighteen, and twenty‐one months versus one patient each in the second and third group at five months. When brain metastases appeared either at time of presentation or within two months from the diagnosis of the primary disease, excision of solitary brain metastases did not prolong survival. Survival periods were 114, 53, and 81 days for Group I, II, and III, respectively. When brain metastasis appeared after a minimum of two months from the treatment of the primary lesion, excision of solitary brain metastasis did prolong patient survivals for 286 days versus 128 and 94 days for Groups I, II, and III, respectively. When the primary site of origin was inoperable lung cancer or unknown primary cancer no difference in survival between the three groups, survival was 80, 50, and 70 days for Groups I, II, and III, respectively. Percentage survival at 2, 6, and 12 months was 67%, 53%, and 27% in the first group versus 32%, 16%, and 3% for the second group and 41%, 15%, and 5% for the third group. We conclude that excision of solitary brain metastasis might prolong survival in selected patients.
Chemotherapy and pattern of metastases in breast cancer patients
Authors: Amer Magid H.
Published: February 2007

A retrospective analysis of all breast cancer patients who died of their disease at Harper Grace Hospital during 1962 to 1976, was conducted to determine the pattern of metastases and its relation to chemotherapy. The autopsy incidence of distant metastases, to all organ sites, was noted to be higher among patients who previously received cytotoxic therapy, compared with those who did not. Such incidence was unrelated to differences in patients' age, menopausal status, and disease‐free interval. It is postulated that chemotherapy contributes to the wider metastases, especially to the central nervous system and meninges, in a breast cancer patient. This is possibly due to a longer survival of patients treated.
Epidemiologic and prognostic factors for lung cancer in a county hospital
Authors: Richard Heath F. , Shalaby Omar F. O. , Abdel‐Dayem Hussein M.
Published: February 2007

This is a study of 269 patients with lung cancer at the Erie County Medical Center who were admitted between 1973 and 1978. They were analyzed for sex, race, age, history of smoking, occupation, tumor cell type, cytology, incidence of metastases, changes in liver function, mode of treatment, and survival. The incidence of cancer was highest in white males. Only 1.5% of patients were under age 40. Smoking was a predisposing factor. Not enough information was available to determine the relationship of occupation to lung cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common (53.9%), followed by adenocarcinoma (16.0%) and small‐cell carcinoma (12.6%). Sputum cytology was 28.3% sensitive, and bronchial washings were 52.2% sensitive. A greater incidence of bone metastases from a small‐cell primary (50%) was found than is reported in the literature. Changes in SGOT and/or SGPT liver enzymes correlated significantly with liver metastases, but not with tumor cell type. Changes in alkaline phosphatase correlated well with bone metastases. Radiation was the most commonly used mode of therapy. The best survival was achieved in patients treated by surgery (22.6 months), followed by surgery and radiation (16.2 months); those treated by radiation alone had a mean survival time of 8.7 months. Untreated patients had a mean survival time of 2.4 months. Treated patients with adenocarcinomas had the longest survival (18.5 months), compared to 13.0 months for those with squamous cell carcinomas and 8.4 months for those with small‐cell carcinomas. Only three patients survived 5 years, all of whom were treated surgically for adenocarcinoma. No patients with tumors of other cell types survived 5 years. The 5‐year survival rates are 2.1% (3 of 141) for all histologic types of lung cancer and 12.5% (3 of 24) for adenocarcinoma.
Prognostic value of the estrogen receptor level in pathologic stage I and II adenocarcinoma of the breast
Authors: Shapiro C. M. , Schifeling D. , Bitran J. D. , Desser R. K. , Rochman H. , Michel A. , Shapiro R. , Evans R. , Kozloff M. F. , Recant W. , Billings A. A.
Published: February 2007

The relationship between estrogen receptor levels and recurrence of breast cancer was examined in 302 patients with adenocarcinoma of the breast, pathologic stage (PS) I and II. All 117 patients with PS II adenocarcinoma of the breast received adjunctive chemotherapy. In this series, there was no association between the estrogen receptor level and recurrence in either the 185 patients with PS I adenocarcinoma of the breast or the 117 patients with PS II adenocarcinoma of the breast. The most important prognostic variable was the presence or absence of axillary metastases.
Oat cell carcinoma of the esophagus
Authors: Sarma Deba P.
Published: February 2007

An oat cell carcinoma occurring in the esophagus of a 59‐year‐old man is described. A review of another 22 cases of such a tumor from the English literature is made. These tumors may have three histologic patterns: pure oat cell carcinoma, oat cell carcinoma with squamous cell carcinoma, and oat cell carcinoma with adenocarcinoma. They appear to arise from enterochromaffin cells; the neoplastic cells show argyrophilia and neurosecretory‐type granules on electron microscopy. Resection has been the principal mode of therapy. Overall survival for these patients is about 6 months, with most patients dying of extensive metastatic disease.
Tissue reaction to prosthetic obturator materials
Authors: Kent Keith , Beecroft Wayne A. , Roa Uma
Published: February 2007

Two materials are currently used for construction of obturators to restore function when major maxillary defects are present: poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(dimethyl siloxane). The advantages and disadvantages of the materials are examined and the physiologic response of the involved tissues is studied. Palatectomies were performed on primates and poly‐(methyl methacrylate) and poly(dimethyl siloxane) obturators were placed contacting antral and nasal mucosa. Serial biopsies and clinical evaluations revealed comparable histologic responses to both materials. Poly(dimethyl siloxane) exhibited a more favorable clinical tissue response than poly(methyl methacrylate).
Biochemical evaluation of patients with breast cancer
Authors: Lee YEU‐Tsu N.(Margaret) , Haymond Herman R. , Feder Bernard
Published: February 2007

Peripheral blood specimens were obtained from 50 patients with various stages of breast cancer (I‐II = 7, III = 6, IV = 24, treated and NED = 13), and 20 biochemical tests were performed. There are significant differences of hemoglobin, LDH, SGPT, serum protein, albumin, and alpha globulin values between patients with early (I, II, NED) and late (III, IV) lesions. Among patients with stage IV diseases, those patients with bony metastases had significantly higher values of alkaline phosphatase, alpha‐1 globulin, IgA, and C‐reactive protein than those with nonosseous lesions. Neither CEA nor pregnancy‐associated alpha‐2 glycoprotein showed any correlation with different stages or sites of breast cancer in these small series of patients.
Squamous cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid stroma
Authors: Deshotels Seldon J. , Sarma Deba , Fazio Frank , Rodriguez Fred
Published: February 2007

Two cases of squamous cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid stroma are presented. One tumor was located in the soft palate that metastasized to a neck lymph node; the epithelial and the spindle cell component of the tumor at the primary as well as at the metastatic site showed ultrastructural features of squamous cell carcinoma. The other case, a laryngeal tumor with spindle cell stroma, was shown by ultrastructural studies to be composed of proliferating fibro‐blasts. The diagnostic problems and the controversies regarding classification and behavior of these rare tumors of upper respiratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract are discussed.
Hemostasis in experimental pulmonary injury
Authors: Derisi D. , Cohen H. , Takita H. , Petrelli N. J. , Sharma S. D. , Subramanian S. , Williams P. , Ambrus J. L.
Published: February 2007

Fibrin Seal (consisting of fibrinogen, cold insoluble globulin, factor XIII, antiplasmin, platelet growth factor, thrombin, and calcium chloride), cryoprecipitate, at Avitene were applied to areas of pulmonary wedge resections in dogs and cynomologus monkeys in an attempt to stop bleeding and air leakage. In the control groups, hemorrhage persisted. Comparing the three hemostatic agents used, Avitene was the least effective followed by cryoprecipitate. Fibrin Seal was most effective. In all cases, it eliminated both air leakage and bleeding.