bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tumors from the 2nd spinal nerve in childhood. Review of publications and a clinical case from practice
Authors: Samochernykh N. K. , Sysoev K. V. , Samochernykh K. A.
Published: August 2024

Neoplasms of the C2 spinal nerves are rare clinical observations in childhood. The removal of these tumors has a number of features related to their localization. The paper describes the experience of treating a 17-year-old child with a tumor (schwannoma) of the C2 spinal nerve. In the patient, the manifestation of the disease was associated with manifestations of compression myelopathy against the background of a large tumor detected by MRI at the level of C1-C2 vertebrae with an extra-intracanal spread of the “hourglass” type. Despite the size of the tumor and the location of the intramural component ventrally from the spinal cord, the chosen tactics made it possible to minimize surgical trauma and avoid neurological deficit with total removal of the neoplasm.
A clinical case of a hypertrophic phenotype of cardiomyopathy in a child with a combined deficiency of oxidative phosphorylation type 3 associated with a mutation of the TSFM gene
Authors: Fetisova S. G. , Yakovleva E. V. , Eirich S. V. , Smirnov A. A. , Kostareva A. A. , Zainalova Kh. Z. , Pervunina T. M. , Vasichkina E. S.
Published: August 2024

Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 3 is a rare mitochondrial disease caused by pathogenic variants in the mitochondrial elongation factor (TSFM) gene. The function of this protein is highly active in cardiomyocytes and neurons, so the manifestations of the disease are neurological and cardiac symptoms. Heart damage occurs predominantly as concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle. From the nervous system, the most observed are muscle hypotonia and choreo-like dyskinesis. In this article, we present a clinical case of combined type 3 oxidative phosphorylation deficiency, which was characterized by the early onset of neurological symptoms and subsequent myocardial hypertrophy at the age of 10 years. This is the second case of the C919T:p.Gln307Ter mutation in the TSFM gene in the literature we studied. Today, the disease is characterized by high mortality at onset from birth and stabilization of the clinical course with asymptomatic or late onset of the disease. The small number of cases of combined oxidative phosphorylation type 3 deficiency leaves many clinical questions, and the description of each genetically confirmed case is extremely important.
Satisfacción Escolar y Actividad Física en Universitarios Colombianos
Authors: Ramírez-Roncancio Nancy Lizeth , Latorre-Velásquez Diana Carolina , Jiménez-Martínez Martha Cecilia , Sepúlveda Cesar Omar
Published: August 2024

Posterior a la finalización del confinamiento vivido durante la pandemia por COVID-19, aún son pocas las investigaciones sobre cómo la capacidad agentiva aplicada a la actividad física de los universitarios puede estar asociada con su satisfacción respecto a la enseñanza remota de emergencia –ERE. Este artículo explora las asociaciones entre satisfacción escolar, actividad física –AF– y agencia personal aplicada a la actividad física –APAF mediante un enfoque cuantitativo transversal. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 389 estudiantes (muestreo intencional), de los cuales 64,3% eran mujeres y el 35,7% hombres, con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 55 años. El análisis de resultados utilizó el Árbol de decisión Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector –CHAID. Los hallazgos muestran que la satisfacción escolar de los participantes mejora cuando se comprometen en un programa de AF, en comparación de aquellos que no participan regularmente en ella. En conclusión, la participación en AF y la aplicación de la APAF parecen estar asociadas con una mayor satisfacción escolar, lo que sugiere mayor compromiso consigo mismo y un reconocimiento del esfuerzo de sus docentes en la consecución de los objetivos académicos.
La Retroalimentación en la Educación Superior del Siglo XXI
Authors: Cárdenas Gustavo , Giraldo Fabio , Giraldo Martha , Zambrano Armando , Ropero Dayaris , Sánchez Luisa
Published: August 2024

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación de análisis documental sobre el uso de la retroalimentación en la Educación Superior. La metodología utilizada para la revisión, sistematización y análisis documental fue la “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses” [Artículo Preferido de Informes de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis]. Se analizaron artículos de investigaciones publicados entre 2014 y 2023, extraídos de Scopus. El campo geográfico seleccionado para la recolección de las publicaciones fue Europa, debido a su amplia investigación sobre la retroalimentación, lo que resulta relevante para el contexto educativo de países como el nuestro. Se examinó la perspectiva y los métodos utilizados por los países europeos para mejorar el aprendizaje de los estudiantes a través de la retroalimentación. Entre las principales conclusiones se encuentran la valoración positiva de la retroalimentación en la educación superior, la necesidad de promover la formulación y hacer seguimiento de planes de aprendizaje en los estudiantes para incentivar el compromiso con su propio proceso formativo y mejorar su autopercepción. No obstante, esto requiere formar a los docentes de las diferentes disciplinas en prácticas efectivas de evaluación y retroalimentación.
Fungsi Keluarga Sebagai Pembentukan Karakter Islami Anak di Tk Allam Desa Pelemwatu Kecamatan Menganti Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Wulan Fitrianti Wulandari , Novita Widyaningrum  , Umi Matsturoh
Published: August 2024

Keluarga sebagai institusi pendidikan informal memegang peranan penting untuk pembentukan karakter Islami anak usia dini. Fungsi keluarga sebagai tempat penanaman karakter anak menjadi tanggung jawab orang tua. Kewajiban orang tua dalam memberikan pendidikan agama, nilai moral, budaya, berkepribadian, dan memiliki keterampilan diri sebagai anggota masyarakat. Tujuan artikel ini untuk menggambarkan (1) implementasi fungsi keluarga; dan (2) pembentukan karakter Islami anak usia dini. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Lokasi penelitian ini di di Taman Kanak-kanak Allam Desa Pelemwatu Kecamatan Menganti, Kabupaten Gresik. Subjek penelitian sebanyak lima keluarga. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran implementasi fungsi keluarga tercermin dalam tiga fungsi yakni: fungsi religius, fungsi edukasi, dan fungsi sosialisasi. Pada pembentukan karakter Islami anak usia dini tercermin dalam tiga karakter Islami yakni: akhlak mulia, cinta kebenaran, dan keteladanan. Simpulan dari implementasi fungsi keluarga dalam pembentukan karakter Islami anak usia dini pada keluarga sub-urban memberikan gambaran fungsi keluarga sebagai pusat penanaman nilai agama, sebagai tempat pendidikan yang pertama, dan sebagai sarana sosialisasi anak untuk mengenal aturan, tradisi, nilai agama, dan norma. Selain itu, keluarga menjadi tempat pembentukan karakter Islami akhlak mulia. cinta kebenaran, dan keteladanan anak untuk menjadi pribadi yang memiliki sopan santun, murah senyum, ketauhidan, lemah lembut, dan menjadi pribadi yang positif di lingkungan keluarga, sekolah, dan masyarakat.
Exploring The Harmony: Metode Pembelajaran Ilmu Tauhid Bagi Anak Usia Dini di TK Pertiwi Pamekasan
Authors: Sakdiyah Halimatus , Nita Aprilia Utami
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena terdapat sedikit penelitian yang membahas tentang penanaman ilmu tauhid pada anak, namun banyak para pendidik dan orangtua yang masih belum memahami bagaimana metode penanaman ilmu tauhid pada anak yang tepat, dan kita sebagai calon pendidik juga belum banyak mengetahui bagaimana cara menanamkan ilmu tauhid pada anak sehingga dapat diterima dengan baik oleh anak tersebut, serta tidak jarang kita temui anak-anak yang mungkin belum menerima pendidikan ilmu tauhid dengan benar mungkin dikarenakan metode yang diterapkan terhadap anak tersebut kurang tepat sehingga belum terealisasikan dengan baik. Dalam artikel ini dijelaskan pembahasan atas apa yang telah didapat dari hasil penelitian atau observasi yang dilakukan dilapangan, peneliti pun menemukan bagaimana metode yang dapat diterapkan pada anak-anak untuk menanamkan ilmu tauhid, seperti pembiasaan, mengahafal, kisah atau cerita,nasihat, dan bernyanyi yang mana hasil penelitian tersebut bertujuan agar dapat mengedukasi calon pendidik, guru ataupun orangtua agar lebih memahami bagaimana cara atau metode yang tepat dalam membina dan mendidik anaknya dalam hal ilmu tauhid tersebut.
Pendidikan Ramah Anak di Lingkungan Keluarga dalam Surah Al-Baqarah Ayat 133
Authors: Ma'arif Moh. Samsul , Nisa' Luthfatun , Ilham Ali Hasan
Published: August 2024

This research aims to examine how the concept of child-friendly education can be applied within the family environment based on the guidance found in Surah Al-Baqarah verse 133. Child-friendly education is an approach that prioritizes the well-being and development of children, creating a safe, supportive environment that facilitates their maximum potential. In Islam, the family plays a vital role in shaping the character and fundamental values of children. The research methodology used is al-tafsir al-maudhu'i, which begins by inventorying the Quranic verses on the importance of child-friendly education within the family. Child-friendly education in the family can be implemented through: 1) Balanced communication between parents and children; 2) The application of non-violent discipline; and 3) The development of positive character in children. Its relevance to children's education includes the value system, caregiving functions, learning materials, and teaching methodologies. The usefulness of this research lies in providing a positive contribution to the concept of early childhood education, serving as a guide for educating children to become righteous and morally upright, creating a harmonious family, and fostering love and affection.
IMPLEMENTASI BUDAYA SEKOLAH DALAM PEMBINAAN KARAKTER SISWA
Authors: Frasandy Rendy
Published: August 2024

This research is motivated by the early behavior shown by children in their childhood. Like, say dirty and theft. Parents' indifference about their child's behavior makes the child's character worse. Therefore, a solution is needed to foster character for children through positive habits that are able to build character gradually. From this, the role of educational institutions such as school is to foster student character through the school culture in it. The objectives to be achieved in this study are to describe the character values and school culture in implementing school culture in fostering student character at school.  This study uses a qualitative descriptive type, where the researcher tries to describe in full the phenomena that occur systematically. The data collection method used by researchers is a structured interview method for students and unstructured for principals and classroom teachers. In addition to the interview method, the researcher also uses the method of observation and documentation in this study.  The results of this study indicate that the implementation of school culture in fostering student character shows significant results. This can be seen from the daily behavior of students both at school and at home. The characters in question are religious, honest, disciplined, independent, love the homeland, and so on. Of course, this was achieved thanks to the support of various parties, especially parents.
Pengembangan Modul Berbasis STEM Terintegrasi Nilai Islam untuk Meningkatkan Penguasaan Konsep dan Kemampuan Berfikir Kritis
Authors: Faizatul Mabruroh
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul fisika yang berbasis science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) terintegrasi nilai Islam untuk meningkatkan penguasaan konsep dan kemampuan berfikir kritis pada pokok bahasan getaran dan gelombang. Tahapan pengembangan modul ini menggunakan model pengembangan R&D Borg and Gall dengan 10 tahapan pengembangan. Modul ini divalidasi oleh 4 (empat) ahli yaitu ahli materi, ahli media, ahli bahasa, dan ahli integrasi nilai Islam. Hasil validasi oleh pakar menunjukkan bahwa modul ini sangat layak untuk digunakan pada tahap penelitian berikutnya. Setelah modul dikembangkan, dilakukan uji implementasi modul di salah satu SMA Negeri di Kota Palembang untuk mengukur penguasaan konsep dan keterampilan berfikir kritis siswa. Sampel yang digunakan pada uji implementasi sebanyak 32 peserta dari kelas XI MIA 3. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk tes penguasaan konsep siswa yaitu 0,34 dengan kritera sedang. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk tes kemampuan berfikir kritis yaitu 0,5 dengan kriteria sedang.
Optimalisasi Pengajian Rutin Masjid Al-Aqobah 7 Palembang Sebagai Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Authors: Anang Walian
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis latar belakang, optimalisasi, hambatan, peluang, dan implementasi manajemen pengajian rutin di Masjid Al-Aqobah 7 Palembang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan data kualitatif. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, serta dokumentasi. Sementara itu teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, display data, serta verifikasi dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa latar belakang diselenggarakannya pengajian rutin adalah kurangnya pengetahuan keislaman, sebagai upaya manajemen pengelolaan masjid, masjid sebagai tempat peradaban Islam. Upaya optimalisasi pengajian rutin dapat dilakukan dengan pemanfaatan fasilitas yang ada, kombinasi metode kajian, grup media sosial, mengundang da’i, dan lainnya. Adapun beberapa kendala pengajian rutin adalah waktunya singkat, kurangnya minat belajar masyarakat, masalah finansial, dan lainnya. Kemudian beberapa peluang guna memajukan pengajian rutin yaitu domisili masjid di pinggir jalan utama, banyaknya perumahan di sekitar masjid, kuatnya komitmen, optimalisasi pemuda dan ibu-ibu. Sementara itu implementasi manajemen pengajian rutin melalui empat fungsi manajemen: perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, serta evaluasi.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus
Authors: Amalia Rahmatini  , Istikomah
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis manajemen pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) di SLB Harmoni Gedangan. Metode penelitian menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SLB Harmoni Gedangan sudah mencakup perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Hal tersebut ditandai dengan salat berjemaah di sekolah, pembinaan cara berwudu, dan pembinaan akhlak peserta didik. Selain itu, tercapainya aspek manajemen sangat tergantung dengan komitmen dan kapabilitas guru terhadap manajemen pendidikan itu sendiri. Untuk mencapai keberhasilan dalam mengajar, guru harus kreatif, sabar, dan pengetahuan yang kuat dan luas. Selain itu, faktor keberhasilan dalam pembelajaran bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus adalah sinergitas atau kekompakan dalam berkomitmen untuk mendidik baik di rumah maupun di sekolah  antara pihak sekolah, guru dan wali murid.
Esksistensi Mahar dalam Perkawinan: antara Simbol Status Sosial dan Kewajiban Agama
Authors: Akbar Syafaat , Sainun
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran mahar sebagai simbol status sosial dalam budaya Sasak di Lombok dan kewajiban agama dalam konteks perkawinan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan studi literatur. Teknik triangulasi digunakan untuk validitas data, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan model interaktif untuk mendalami konteks secara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahar tidak hanya sebagai kewajiban agama, tetapi juga sebagai indikator status sosial yang dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan dan status sosial calon mempelai wanita. Tradisi mahar yang tinggi terkadang menjadi beban bagi calon suami dari latar belakang ekonomi rendah, bertentangan dengan prinsip syariat Islam yang menekankan kemudahan dalam pernikahan. Pemahaman yang mendalam terhadap nilai-nilai agama dapat mengurangi tekanan sosial dan mendorong praktik pernikahan yang lebih adil sesuai dengan ajaran Islam.
Structural rhinoplasty for the persistently twisted nose
Authors: Morisada Megan V. , Humphrey Clinton D. , Kriet J. David
Published: August 2024

Correction of a crooked nose after primary rhinoplasty is a not uncommon and often complex problem encountered by facial plastic surgeons. Adequate and lasting correction of the deformity requires a thorough assessment of the anatomy contributing to the deviation, as well as the application of robust techniques to correct the problem at each subsite, which is reviewed in this article. Finally, risk factors for failure and common pitfalls are discussed.
Crowdfunding as a Tool of Financing: a Conceptual Analysis
Authors: Kotlyarov I.
Published: August 2024

Crowdfunding has become a popular tool of financing for commercial and non-commercial projects. However the existing literature does not clearly demonstrate the difference between crowdfunding and other models of financing. It leads to confusion and incorrect assumptions that may hinder use of crowdfunding and development of crowdfunding-specific legislation. The goal of the present paper is to identify the distinctive features of crowdfunding and to position it within the system of direct financial interactions. Research methodology: method of strategic matrices, continuum approach. The paper contains a list of criteria that could be used to distinguish standard (typical) crowdfunding from other forms of financing. A continuum of forms of collective finance is proposed. This continuum is based on the criterion of formality. Crowdfunding can be described as a novel form of collective finance that offers a higher level of flexibility in comparison with other models of collective financing and better corresponds to requirements of entrepreneurs and investors. Difference between crowdfunding and P2P finance is explained. The paper introduces the concept of two-level centralization as a key distinctive feature of crowdfunding. This concept is used to build up a holistic taxonomy of collective direct financial interactions. The paper also describes a novel form of crowdfunding – stock exchange crowd game. The existence of this form of crowdfunding is supported by the GameStop case. The paper makes a distinction between standard crowdfunding (that has both levels of centralization) and non-standard crowdfunding (which has only one level of centralization).
Protecting the Interests of Workers in The USA: Trends and Development Prospects
Authors: Sautkina V.
Published: August 2024

In the context of worsening crises all over the world, there is a demand to find a way to solve existing problems: in accordance with their ideas about social justice, people unite in the struggle to protect their interests. As a result of a tightening labor market and rising inflation in the midst of the COVID‑19 pandemic, the confrontation between business owners and employees has intensified in many countries. This study presents a retrospective of the formation of government institutions to protect labor rights in the United States. The article aims to show the features of labor law in America and the real possibilities of employees to protect their interests. In order to study the various stages and methods of the collective struggle of workers to improve their working conditions, the author used methods of source study and statistical analysis of a wide range of sources: scientific literature, statistics, and sociological research data. Based on information reflecting the growing concern in society about the situation in the labor market, the reasons for the revival of the trade union movement in the country are shown. In the period from 2021 to 2023, workers from almost all areas of production took part in street battles. The process of forming new trade union organizations has begun in the country. A powerful display of solidarity also captured the media space, causing concern on the part of both employers and authorities. According to the author, the victories achieved at this stage became the beginning of a new stage in the development of the trade union movement in the country. The leaders of the movement need to make significant efforts to ensure that the achievements gained in street battles are actually enshrined in the country’s labor law.
Challenging the Autonomy of Art: An Exploration of the Nature and Impact of Progressive Art Critique
Authors: van den Haak Marcel
Published: August 2024

In recent years art is often being criticised from a politically progressive perspective, such as on sexism and racism. Such ethical critique collides with two dogmas of the artistic field: its emphasis on aesthetic evaluations and the autonomy of art. These dogmas, having emerged during the nineteenth century, are often challenged by both (upcoming) members of the artistic field and outsiders. This paper aims to sociologically analyse current debates by exploring the media coverage of two diverse art controversies, in the United States and the Netherlands. It shows that members of artistic fields and allies often defend themselves with arguments drawn from said dogmas, while the critics’ counter-arguments are in line with more recent ideas, developed in the humanities. The essay proposes several explanations of this recent phenomenon, related to changing power relations. It calls on scholarship to more structurally study this presumed trend.
Rites without Passage: The Civic Conversion of Young Refugees in Contemporary Germany
Authors: Petty Carol J.
Published: August 2024

The backdrop of Germany’s ‘refugee crisis’ thrusts matters of deep symbolic relevance into public consciousness, transforming ‘the refugee’ into a potent figure for imagining political community. As the drama of the ‘refugee crisis’ settles into an ‘integration through education’ program, vocational school faculty grapple with incorporating diverse sets of newcomers. Young asylum-seeking students negotiate within this deeply uncertain context, weaving routes to belonging that traverse ambivalent discourses and complex bureaucracies. Qualitative analysis and selective sampling are used to uncover dynamics of mixed-contact that emerge in a vocational school’s project of civic remediation. Research data include interviews with program faculty and students (N=32) and samples of professional materials used in the field site. Data analysis uncovers the rite of civic conversion, a set of dramatic movements through which the construction of social difference is simultaneously concealed, defeated, and rendered legitimate. Though expressed in distinct forms, civic conversion distances refugee students from pathologized aspects of an imagined social past (exit) and induces scenarios for students to rhetorically cast off the presumed pathologies of their past, present, and future (renewal). This rite consecrates a dividing line between those who must ritually distance themselves from an assigned ‘deficiency’ and those who need not. The problems, functions, and implications of this rite are discussed in relation to their macro-sociological consequences.
“We’re Building Our Little International Community”: A University-Sponsored Program for International Students
Authors: Halpern Bruno , Halpern Clarisse , Aydin Hasan
Published: August 2024

Intercultural competence is an outcome of the internationalization of higher education institutions, directly impacting international students’ experiences in the receiving country. An exploratory case study was used to investigate the perceptions and experiences of participants of a university-sponsored program designed to integrate and acculturate international students in a Southwest Florida university. The participants were six newly arrived international students and eight student-ambassadors. Multiple data sources were collected and analyzed using content analysis. Findings reveal the importance of student-led initiatives in fostering campus inclusion and community-building, as well as enhancing cross-cultural interactions. Yet, significant challenges persist in sustaining engagement and bridging cultural divides between domestic and international students. Additionally, the study’s findings highlight the importance and challenges of university programs in facilitating meaningful exchanges between these groups, underscoring the need of institutional support in improving the experiences of international students in higher education settings.
What Readers Do: Aesthetic and Moral Practices of a Post-Digital Age
Authors: Williams Christina
Published: August 2024

Review of the book "What Readers Do: Aesthetic and Moral Practices of a Post-Digital Age" by Beth Driscoll.
(Un)sighted Archives of Migration
Authors: Nolan Kris , Steffen Charlotte
Published: August 2024

Review of the book "(Un)sighted Archives of Migration" edited by Cathrine Bublatzky and Fiona Siegenthaler.
Comparative study of bioconcentration potential and biomarkers in Biomphalaria glabrata exposed to ZnO nanoparticles and bulk ZnO
Authors: Ghiglione Ornela Paola , Martinez María del Carmen , Verrengia Guerrero Noemí Rosario , Cochón Adriana Cristina
Published: August 2024

The uptake of nanoparticles (NPs) by aquatic invertebrates can lead to adverse health effects. The aims of the present study were: 1) to investigate the bioconcentration potential of ZnO NPs or its bulk analogous in Biomphalaria glabrata gastropods by measuring the soft tissue Zn content, and 2) to determine the responses elicited by the exposed snails through the analysis of recognized biomarkers of effect at the subcellular level. Snails exposed to 5 mg/L ZnO NPs or bulk ZnO for 48 h showed a significant higher soft tissue Zn content than control animals, with no significant differences between NPs- and bulk-treated snails. No significant differences were observed in the levels of lipid peroxidation and in the activities of acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterase and catalase by 48 h-exposure to ZnO NPs or bulk ZnO with respect to control organisms. However, ZnO exposure induced a significant decrease in glutathione tissue content, without a nano-specific effect. The results as a whole encourage further studies to better understand the impact that engineered NPs may have on freshwater invertebrate species.
Food safety knowledge and attitudes among fish vendors in informal markets in Ilorin, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ghali-Mohammed Ibraheem , Isola Tajudeen Opeyemi , Adeyemo Ismail Adewuyi , Kadir Rafiu Adebisi , Ambali Hawau Motunrayo , Alhaji Nma Bida , Odetokun Ismail Ayoade
Published: August 2024

Background
With the rising demand for fish and concerns about foodborne illnesses, understanding vendors' perspectives is critical for enhancing food safety standards. This cross-sectional study assessed food safety knowledge and attitudes among fish sellers operating in informal fish markets in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria, using a structured questionnaire administered via face-to-face interviews between October and December 2023.
Methods
A total of 240 fish vendors completed the survey. A stepwise backward binary logistic regression model was used to identify independent factors associated with good knowledge or satisfactory attitudes toward food safety among fish vendors.
Results
Over 62.5% of respondents demonstrated good food safety knowledge, particularly in areas such as personal hygiene and cross-contamination. However, misconceptions about foodborne diseases persist. While attitudes toward food safety were generally positive, certain practices such as wearing protective gear were less endorsed. Demographic factors significantly influenced both knowledge and attitude. Logistic regression analysis revealed that respondents of higher age groups were at least 11 times more likely to have satisfactory attitudes (OR: 10.5, 95% CI: 1.8–62.8, p = 0.015) toward food safety. Also, participants with smaller family sizes were four times more likely to display satisfactory attitudes toward fish safety.
Conclusion
These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, including training programs and government regulations, to improve fish vendors’ food safety practices. Strengthening education and enforcement measures is crucial for safeguarding public health and enhancing the quality of fish products in Ilorin's informal markets.
The contribution of coastal Small-scale Fisheries towards the Sustainable Development Goals: A Kenyan case study
Authors: Fondo Esther N. , Kimani Edward N. , Munga Cosmas N. , Wambiji Nina , Ishmael Nimrod , Mwandikwa David , Busolo Boniface , Okeri Maorine , Abas Sinina , Maina George W. , Bitoun Rachel E.
Published: August 2024

Small-scale fisheries (SSF) have a significant contribution to economies of coastal countries, offering employment and healthy and affordable food for communities. Despite an increasing focus on SSFs worldwide, data and knowledge gaps still exist. Furthermore, SSF contribution to SDGs is neither known nor accounted for. Through the Fish2Sustainability (F2S) Project a case study was conducted in Kenya to assess interactions between SSF and SDGs using a Rapid Appraisal Tool and summarize interactions between SFF attributes and SDG targets for selected fishery. A participatory approach was used to collect information from SSF actors’ and experts in each fishery. Data was analyzed using Pycharm software in the Anaconda Package (Anaconda3 version 2023.03-1) to provide polar charts showing the contribution of each SSF towards the SDGs. Results showed variable contributions for different fisheries and that the contribution of Kenya’s SSF towards the SDGs is at a medium level. Introduction
Case Study: Structural Feasibility Analysis for a Reinforced Concrete Building
Authors: Nascimento Júlio Cézar Monteiro , Medeiros Iálysson da Silva , de Lima Douglas Mateus
Published: August 2024

Currently, there is progressive growth in the construction of residential buildings in Brazil, even though the sector has been affected by two years of the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, there is a demand for structural projects that enable the execution of these works from a structure that is viable from the point of view of safety, good conditions of use, comfort and economy. Technical and practical knowledge is a fundamental requirement for a good project, combined with skill in a technological analysis and sizing tool. Having said that, the present work proposed to develop the analysis and structural design, with the help of the Brazilian software TQS®, of a multi-family residential building in reinforced concrete. The work sought to follow all the design steps of a structure in order to meet the requirements recommended by Brazilian standards. Based on the analyses, it was possible to adopt solutions for the various structural problems that arose during the design and, finally, obtain the final document with all the details of the structure.
PPARγ regulates PNPLA3 in adipocytes in vitro and in vivo in healthy obese patients and mice with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
Authors: Dixon Emmanuel , Claudel Thierry , White Ursula , Zimmermann Robert , Haemmerle Guenter , Wabitsch Martin , Mlitz Veronika , Fuchs-Steiner Claudia , Ravussin Eric , Trauner Michael
Published: August 2024

The mechanisms regulating the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) are currently unclear. We uncovered that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) transcriptionally regulates PNPLA3 in vitro and in vivo in humans and diabetic and hyperlipidaemic mice. We observed increased PNPLA3 mRNA transcripts in the subcutaneous femoral but not in the abdominal fat of healthy women with obesity who received 30 mg/day of pioglitazone over 16 weeks in “The Apple & Pear trial (“Cellular Dynamics of Subcutaneous Fat Distribution in Obese Women”; ClinicalTrials.gov ID- NCT01748994)”. Likewise, pioglitazone treatment upregulated Pnpla3 in adipose tissue but not the liver of the STAM mice with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Since pioglitazone has a moderate effect on human PPARγ, we used the most potent PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone, to show that PPARγ regulation of PNPLA3 involves a direct transcriptional mechanism. Mechanistically, we further interrogated the interaction between PNPLA3 and PPARγ using in silico analysis, luciferase reporter assay, gene expression analysis, and gel shift assays. Rosiglitazone increased luciferase activity in PNPLA3 and PPARγ co-transfected cells, demonstrating PPARγ-mediated induction of PNPLA3 promoter activity. Unexpectedly, we identified two binding sites (PPREs), bp -713 to -707 and bp -790 to -780, in the PNPLA3 promoter recognized by PPARγ. Mutation in these newly identified sites abolishes the PPARγ-mediated induction and binding activities. Collectively, these results establish a novel role of PPARγ in PNPLA3 gene regulation.
Clinical course of jaw function recovery following surgical treatment in patients with temporomandibular joint ankylosis – correlation with mouth opening rehabilitation
Authors: Ezoe Yushi , Nogami Shinnosuke , Otake Yoshio , Chiba Masatoshi , Takahashi Tetsu , Yamauchi Kensuke
Published: August 2024

Purpose
Treatment of osseous temporomandibular joint ankylosis often requires a surgical procedure. While postoperative rehabilitation is important for prevention of relapse, the contributions of rehabilitation and period of such therapy remain unclear. The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of rehabilitation on range of mouth opening after TMJA surgery.
Methods
Twelve patients who underwent surgery for gap arthroplasty or interpositional arthroplasty were enrolled. The course of maximal incisal opening in patients divided by surgical method, gap size, and period of rehabilitation, particularly relapse of maximal incisal opening was analyzed.
Results
Average relapse of maximal incisal opening after surgery in patients with a gap size ≥ 15 mm was 12.0 ± 11.2 mm, while that in those with a gap size < 15 mm was 8.9 ± 12.6 mm. Average relapse of maximal incisal opening after surgery in patients with gap arthroplasty was 12.3 ± 7.6 mm, while that in those with interpositional arthroplasty was 7.5 ± 15.2 mm. Patients with a rehabilitation period of < 12 months after surgery showed an average relapse of maximal incisal opening of 14.1 ± 10.7 mm, while that in those who underwent rehabilitation for ≥ 12 months was 7.4 ± 16.3 mm.
Conclusions
During the relatively long-term clinical follow-up period of 24 months, the importance of rehabilitation was noted and the present results demonstrate its role in preventing relapse after TMJA surgery.
Testing the incremental effectiveness of pay-for-performance to improve implementation of a motivational interviewing brief intervention for substance use disorders in HIV settings: Results of a parallel cluster-randomized type 3 hybrid trial
Authors: Garner Bryan R , Tueller Stephen J. , Bradshaw Michael , Speck Kathryn J. , Satre Derek , Rash Carla , Donohoe Tom , Mungo Jackie , Philbrick Sarah , Ruwala Richa , Roosa Mathew R. , Zehner Mark , II James H. Ford
Published: August 2024

Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) have a serious adverse impact on the physical and mental well-being of people with HIV. Previously, using a 39-site dual-randomized type 2 hybrid trial design, findings from the Substance Abuse Treatment to HIV Care Project supported the Implementation and Sustainment Facilitation (ISF) strategy to improve implementation and effectiveness of a motivational interviewing brief intervention (MIBI) for SUD within HIV service settings across the United States (US). Building on this trial, this parallel cluster-randomized type 3 hybrid trial aimed to test the incremental effectiveness of a pay-for-performance (P4P), a form of the “alter incentive/allowance structures” strategy.
Methods: Twenty-six HIV service organizations, their staff participants (N=87), and their client participants (N=341) were cluster-randomized to one of two implementation conditions. The control condition included staff-focused training, feedback, and consultation (TFC) and team-focused implementation and sustainment (ISF). The experimental condition included TFC+ISF as well as P4P (TFC+ISF+P4P). P4P used financial incentives to reward MIBI implementation (US$10 per MIBI delivered) and MIBI implementation at or above a pre-defined level of quality (US$10 per demonstration). In addition to these outcomes, past 4-week changes/reductions in client participant’s days of primary substance use and anxiety symptoms were examined.
Results: The addition of P4P had a large and significant effect on the number of MIBIs implemented (d=1.30, p<.05) and reduction in anxiety (d=-1.54), but there was no impact on days of substance use. P4P had large effects on MIBI quality (d=1.24) and MIBI implementation effectiveness (d=1.28), but these were not significant (p<.10).
Conclusions: P4P is a form of the “alter incentive/allowance structures” strategy. Its function is to reward the implementation of a clinical innovation. Rewarding implementation is consistent with the theory of implementation effectiveness, which suggests implementation climate (i.e., the extent to which implementation is expected, supported, and rewarded) is a key antecedent of implementation effectiveness (i.e., the consistency and quality of implementation). We found that P4P had a significant, positive impact on MIBI implementation in HIV service settings, but client-level outcomes were mixed. Future research should examine the effectiveness of the P4P strategy to improve implementation and sustainment of other evidence-based innovations.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04687917. Registered 12/18/2020.
NIR Emissive Biomimetic Ghost Nanovesicles for Site-Selective Solid Tumor Imaging
Authors: PRASAD RAJENDRA , Prerna Kumari , Temgire Mayur , Banerjee Pinaki , Kumari Rohini , Kundu Gopal C , Kumari Simpi , Bellare Jayesh , Dubey Vikash Kumar , Chandra Pranjal , Gorain Mahadeo
Published: August 2024

Optically active biomimetic ghosts nanovesicles are highly potent as imaging agents for site-selective solid tumor imaging with deep tissue visualization. However, reported systems are limited with poor brightness and photostability with NIR absorption and emission. Herein, cancer cell membrane derived biomimetic ghost nanovesicles (~60 nm) have been engineered with amphiphilic dyes aggregates for site-selective solid tumor imaging in pre-clinical models. Entrapped dye aggregates within biomimetic ghost nanovesicles (BNVs, 505 to 828 dye molecules/vesicle) exhibit promising fluorescence and photostability (up to 30 days) showing ultra-brightness (778 MESF) with promising tumor fluorescence signals (760 nm excitation) compared to free dye molecules and dye aggregates. Dye aggregates-BNVs exhibit significantly different imaging response than amphiphilic monomers-BNVs. Lipophilic and amphiphilic structural layers and surface biomarkers of ghost nanovesicles are examined through physicochemical measurements, corroborated with cargo release kinetics. Controlled body weight, long time survival and histopathology examinations ensure the in vivo biocompatibility of these intravenously administrated biomimetic imaging agents. Our findings suggest that these ghosts nanovesicles mimic the biological characteristics of native cells, enabling them to evade immune clearance.
Trends Analysis and Future Study of Medical and Pharmacy Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Bashirynejad Manuchehr , Soleymani Fatemeh , Nikfar Shekoufeh , Zackery Ali , Kebriaeezadeh Abbas , Majdzadeh Reza , Fatemi Behzad , Zare Nafiseh
Published: August 2024

Background
This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of emerging trends and future developments in medical and pharmacy education, addressing the need to adapt educational approaches to the rapidly evolving healthcare landscape.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted in multiple databases to identify relevant studies published between April 2014 and April 2024. Studies pertaining to trends, forecasting, and future directions in medical and pharmacy education were included. Data extraction and synthesis followed a comprehensive process involving independent reviewers and standardized forms. Emerging themes were identified through coding and conceptual mapping techniques.
Results
Out of the 926 records found, a total of 22 studies were reviewed, revealing several key trends: 1) Integration of artificial intelligence (AI), virtual/augmented reality (VR/AR), and digital technologies to enhance learning and skills; 2) Curricular reforms emphasizing interprofessional education, value-based care, population health, and social determinants; 3) Adoption of multidisciplinary approaches incorporating genomics, biotechnology, and data science; 4) Increased focus on preventive care and chronic disease management; 5) Establishment of ethical frameworks and competency standards for human-AI collaboration. A significant emphasis was placed on balancing technological innovation with core clinical skills and humanistic values.
Conclusions
This review highlights transformative trends in medical and pharmacy education, providing insights for stakeholders on aligning curricula and teaching methods with the evolving healthcare landscape. Embracing technological advancements like AI and VR/AR, while promoting adaptability, interdisciplinary collaboration, and patient-centered care, is essential for maintaining educational relevance. Developing a workforce proficient in human-AI collaboration and equipped with multidisciplinary expertise is crucial for future healthcare delivery.
Developing a Canadian Artificial Intelligence Medical Curriculum: A Delphi Study
Authors: Singla Rohit , Pupic Nikola , Ghaffari-Zadeh Seyed-Aryan , Kim Caroline , Forster Bruce , Hacihaliloglu Ilker
Published: August 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) education into medical curricula is critical for preparing future healthcare professionals. This research employed the Delphi method to establish an expert-based AI curriculum for Canadian undergraduate medical students. A panel of 18 experts in health and AI across Canada participated in three rounds of surveys to determine essential AI learning competencies. The study identified key curricular components across ethics, law, theory, application, communication, collaboration, and quality improvement. The findings demonstrate substantial support among medical educators and professionals for the inclusion of comprehensive AI education, with 82 out of 107 curricular competencies being deemed essential to address both clinical and educational priorities. It additionally provides suggestions on methods to integrate these competencies within existing dense medical curricula. The endorsed set of objectives aims to enhance AI literacy and application skills among medical students, equipping them to effectively utilize AI technologies in future healthcare settings.
A Roadmap for Personalized Medicine: the findings of the IC2PerMed Project
Authors: Beccia Flavia , Causio Francesco Andrea , Marcantonio Marzia Di , Hoxhaj Ilda , Cadeddu Chiara , Campagno Melissa , Schleicher Lena , Fotino Carmen , Tauchert Maike , Lomazzi Marta , Wang Lili , Wang Wenya , Huang Huiyao , Ricciardi Walter , Boccia Stefania
Published: August 2024

Personalized medicine (PM) tailors prevention and treatment to individuals based on their unique characteristics. It can improve health outcomes and healthcare sustainability by optimizing resource allocation. The European Union (EU) and China both prioritize PM. The IC2PerMed project aims to facilitate collaboration by developing a PM roadmap. This paper presents the main project’s output, a roadmap for implementing PM in the EU and China, promoting best practice exchange, and addressing potential barriers. We assessed PM in the EU and China by mapping policies, programs, funding mechanisms, and health ecosystems. Three Delphi surveys highlighted 65 priorities, which were synthesized into actions. The study identifies priorities to unlock PM's potential for healthcare transformation and better public health. The roadmap includes structural actions, like enhancing health literacy, fostering intersectoral and international collaboration, continuously reviewing technologies, and facilitating innovation market entry through needs assessment and Health Technology Assessment. Data interoperability and shared standards are critical for creating international platforms, and ethical, social, and regulatory considerations are universal in PM processes. A shared action plan can guide health policy and help policymakers understand the interconnection between healthcare, the economy, and society. By supporting international projects and investing in research and innovation, stakeholders can advance global healthcare.
The removal of excessive neutrophil extracellular traps is helpful for delaying the occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Li Wu , Xue Lei , Zeng Qiang , Hao Xiaoke , Liu Linglin , Liang Cheng , Zhou Weijia , Liu Yunhua , Deng Guohong , Xiong Wei , Dai Xiaotian
Published: August 2024

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are elevated in peripheral blood and sputum in patients with COPD, but the effect of NETs on the occurrence of COPD is unknown. There is no effective prevention method for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In order to investigate the role of removing excessive NETs in preventing the occurrence of COPD, we evaluated a mouse model of COPD and the delaying effect of removing excessive NETs by aerosolised inhalation of DNase I. We found that a mouse model of COPD could be successfully established after 12 weeks of LPS + CS intervention; LPS + CS exposure produced excess NETs; DNase I nebulised inhalation was effective in reducing NETs levels; and removal of excessive NETs reduced apoptosis and microthrombus formation in lung epithelial cells, attenuated systemic and pulmonary inflammatory responses, and attenuated lung pathological changes and loss of lung function. These data demonstrate for the first time that removal of excess NETs can effectively protect lung function and delay the onset of COPD.