bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabricating low loss waveguides over a large depth in glass by temperature gradient assisted femtosecond laser writing
Authors: Tan Dezhi , Sun Xiaoyu , Wang Qian , Zhou Peng , Liao Yongping , Qiu Jianrong
Published: June 2020

We propose a strategy of temperature gradient assisted femtosecond laser writing for elaboration of low loss waveguides (WGs) over a large depth in glass. The matter flow driven by the temperature distribution is responsible for forming a highly densified WG core with tunable size. Importantly, the unique position of the guiding core outside the focus allows for abating the influence of laser energy redistribution and inscribing low loss deep WGs. A low insertion loss (

L
i

) of 0.6 dB at 1550 nm is achieved for WGs at the depth from 300 µm to 900 µm. Establishing strong dependence of

L
i

on the WG size offers a unique route to improve WG performance. These findings highlight that the present method would provide new opportunities for creating low loss WG lattices at large depth.
Graphene metalens for particle nanotracking
Authors: Li Xueyan , Wei Shibiao , Cao Guiyuan , Lin Han , Zhao Yuejin , Jia Baohua
Published: June 2020

Particle nanotracking (PNT) is highly desirable in lab-on-a-chip systems for flexible and convenient multiparameter measurement. An ultrathin flat lens is the preferred imaging device in such a system, with the advantage of high focusing performance and compactness. However, PNT using ultrathin flat lenses has not been demonstrated so far because PNT requires the clear knowledge of the relationship between the object and image in the imaging system. Such a relationship still remains elusive in ultrathin flat lens-based imaging systems because they operate based on diffraction rather than refraction. In this paper, we experimentally reveal the imaging relationship of a graphene metalens using nanohole arrays with micrometer spacing. The distance relationship between the object and image as well as the magnification ratio is acquired with nanometer accuracy. The measured imaging relationship agrees well with the theoretical prediction and is expected to be applicable to other ultrathin flat lenses based on the diffraction principle. By analyzing the high-resolution images from the graphene metalens using the imaging relationship, 3D trajectories of particles with high position accuracy in PNT have been achieved. The revealed imaging relationship for metalenses is essential in designing different types of integrated optical systems, including digital cameras, microfluidic devices, virtual reality devices, telescopes, and eyeglasses, and thus will find broad applications.
Telemonitoramento como estratégia de cuidado longitudinal a grupos prioritários em tempos da COVID-19: uma experiência na atenção primária à saúde do município de Vitória-ES
Authors: Rodrigues Alana Pereira , Felipe Carla Rosa , Lima Denise Bussú , Costa Luana Roberta Oliveira , Fernandes Patrícia Felisberto , Silva Rhaviny De Paula Pêgo , Fernandes Rivana Marília , Lazarini Welington Serra
Published: June 2020

Com a pandemia da COVID -19, a atenção primária em saúde sofreu alterações tanto físicas quanto logísticas em todo o mundo para adaptar-se a essa situação emergencial. Enquanto os esforços dos gestores do sistema de saúde se orientaram prioritariamente para a organização dos serviços para a recepção dos casos suspeitos da COVID-19, o presente artigo relata uma estratégia de telemonitoramento dos pacientes que necessitam de acesso aos cuidados programados. Organizados em grupos prioritários pela equipe, o trabalho é realizado pelos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde, com suporte do Núcleo de Apoio de Saúde da Família.  Adotada com o objetivo de garantir acesso ao cuidado, recursos e informações de saúde para a população de quase 12 mil habitantes atendidas por uma Unidade de Saúde do município de Vitória/ES, a iniciativa tem mostrado resultados satisfatórios.
Território de plantar, colher e adoecer? Produção agrícola, agrotóxicos e adoecimento em Goiás, Brasil (2000 a 2013)
Authors: Tavares Giovana Galvão , Leal Antonio Cezar , Campos Francisco Itami , Campos Dulcinea Maria Barbosa , De Jesus Luan Henrique , Sousa Odaíza Ferreira
Published: June 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a expansão do agronegócio no estado de Goiás, Brasil, o uso de agrotóxicos e o adoecimento da população nos anos 2000 a 2013, com ênfase em cinco municípios localizados na Microrregião de Ceres (Goianésia, Itapaci, Uruana, Rialma e Barro Alto). O procedimento metodológico consistiu em pesquisa bibliográfica, análise exploratória de dados e análise descritiva e estatística não paramétrica. Os resultados demonstram que nos anos 2000 a 2013 o estado de Goiás e os municípios investigados tiveram crescimento da área urbana; redução do bioma Cerrado e aumento da produtividade agrícola da cana-de-açúcar, milho e soja, acompanhados, conforme dados registrados em sistemas de informação em saúde, do aumento de casos de intoxicação, tentativas de suicídios com uso de agrotóxico, neoplasias e malformações congênitas.
Inność i obcość. Filozoficzna analiza figury uchodźcy
Authors: Bomastyk Michał
Published: June 2020

Celem artykułu jest filozoficzna analiza figury uchodźcy przebywającego na terytorium Europy Zachodniej a także opisanie mechanizmów, które stabilizują i podtrzymują wykluczenie przybyszów. Na pierwszy plan wysuwają się w tekście dwie kategorie: inność i obcość oraz napięcie między nimi. Inność jest ukazana jako ontologiczna kategoria niezbędna dla konstrukcji podmiotu. W przypadku natomiast figury uchodźcy, analizowanej w niniejszym tekście, status innego może ulec dekonstytucji i wówczas cudzoziemiec, usytuowany poza społeczeństwem, staje się obcy i traci możliwość swobodnego projektowania siebie. Co istotne, należy także uwzględnić przestrzeń, w której uchodźcy są sytuowani, tj. obozy lub ośrodki.
Expression and clinical diagnostic value of miR-383 in patients with severe preeclampsia
Authors: Li Ting , Zhou Bing , He Yijing , Liu Jue , Li Yun
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical diagnostic value of miR-383 in patients with severe preeclampsia. Thirty patients with severe preeclampsia from July 2017 to December 2018 were selected as a research group, twenty healthy pregnant women undergoing physical examination at the same period were selected as a control group, and miR-383 and miR-16 in placenta tissue of the two groups were detected by qRT-PCR. ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of diagnostic efficiency, Spearman test was used for correlation analysis, and Logistic univariate and multivariate analysis was performed on the risk factors related to the metastasis of severe preeclampsia. The miR-383 expression in the research group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P< 0.001), while the miR-16 expression in the research group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P< 0.001). The miR-383 and miR-16 expression levels were tied to TNM staging and metastasis (P< 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity and AUC of miR-383 single diagnosis were 75.00%, 83.33% and 0.847 respectively, and those of miR-16 single diagnosis were 65.00%, 63.33% and 0.728 respectively. The relative expression of miR-383 in placenta tissue was negatively correlated with APACHE II score of severe preeclampsia (r = -0.4129, P= 0.0233), but the relative expression of miR-16 in placenta tissue was positively correlated with APACHE II score of severe preeclampsia (r = 0.9833, P< 0.001). Blood pressure, miR-383, miR-16 at the admission of pregnant women were independent risk factors for severe preeclampsia. miR-383 and miR-16 might participate in the process of occurrence, development and metastasis of severe preeclampsia, and could be used as potential biomarkers of placental tissue for its diagnosis and disease assessment of metastasis.
Verification of expression of LINC00648 in the serum of lung cancer patients by TCGA database
Authors: Zhao Ling , Gao Mingxu , Zhao Xiujuan
Published: June 2020

TCGA data were used to verify the expression of LINC00648 in lung cancer patients to provide a reference for clinical practice.  Lung cancer transcriptome data were downloaded by the TCGA database and LINC00648 data were extracted for analysis. Fifty-two patients with lung cancer diagnosed in our hospital from May 2014 to March 2016 were collected as the patient group and 30 normal people as the control group. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of LINC00648 in serum, follow up of patients was carried out, and bioinformatics was used to analyze the potential mechanism of LINC00648. LINC00648 was highly expressed in lung cancer. Lymphatic metastasis and probability of low differentiation were significantly increased, and the overall survival rate of highly expressed patients with lung cancer was reduced and the prognosis was poor. LINC00648 had 17 potential miR-targeted and 78 miR-targeted mRNAs. LINC00648 was found to have participated in SMAD binding, transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding, PDZ domain binding, cytokine binding, activin binding, RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding, transforming growth factor-beta receptor binding, etc. LINC00648 participated in the signal pathways of the Hippo signaling pathway, Transcriptional misregulation in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, Proteoglycans in cancer. There were 55 co-expression pairs in PPI protein co-expression analysis, of which KIF11 was the most common.  High expression of LINC00648 in lung cancer patients indicates poor prognosis of patients and is expected to become a potential diagnostic marker for lung cancer.
Evaluation of some cellular biomarker proteins, oxidative stress and clinical indices as results of laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis in children
Authors: Liu Qiang , Xu Ke
Published: June 2020

Laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis in children has the advantages of quick recovery, little influence of inflammatory and oxidative stress and low infection rate. Altogether 115 children with perforated appendicitis treated in our hospital from June 2018 to August 2019 were selected and divided into two groups according to different treatment methods. Laparoscopic appendectomy was used as the research group (RG) (67 cases) and open appendectomy (48 cases) as the control group (CG). The clinical indexes (operation time, intraoperative blood loss, ambulation time, incision length, postoperative exhaust time and length of stay) of the two groups were observed. The levels of C- reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin -6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-Î± (TNF-Î±) before and after treatment were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of oxidative stress factors (superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA)) and the incidence of postoperative incision infection were observed in the two groups. A visual analogue scale (VAS) score was used to evaluate the postoperative pain in children. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative incision infection in children. The improvement degree of clinical indicators in RG was significantly better than that in CG. The expression levels of CRP, PCT, IL-6 and TNF-Î± in RG were significantly lower than those in CG. The expression levels of SOD and MDA in RG were significantly better than those in CG. The postoperative incision infection rate in RG was significantly lower than that in CG. The postoperative VAS score in RG was significantly lower than that in CG. Logistic regression analysis results showed that the risk of incision infection was increased in children with operation time over 1h, incision length >3cm, high CRP, high PCT, high IL-6, high TNF-Î±, high SOD and low MDA. Laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis in children can effectively reduce intraoperative hemorrhage, postoperative pain, and the damage to the body of children, and can also reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in children.
Clinical effects of Lactobacillus strains as probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Results from the LAPIBSS trial: Future objectives
Authors: Maixent Jean Michel , Pons Olivier , Sennoune Souad R. , Sadrin Stéphane
Published: June 2020

The objective of this communication is to present and analyze the recent results from the LAPIBSS study in order to improve future clinical trials on the effects of Lactobacillus strains in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Using a tightly-controlled clinical trial protocol with the highest Jadad score of 5/5, the current trial aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of a 2-strain mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) to improve IBS symptoms. Eighty patients diagnosed with IBS according to Rome III criteria were recruited to a multicentric, double-blind, in parallel groups, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Patients were provided with a daily dose of two capsules containing either two probiotic strains (5 x 109 cfu/capsule) or placebo for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was abdominal pain score assessed with a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary endpoints included scores of bloating, flatus and rumbling assessed with a 100-mm VAS, a composite score that consisted of the sum of the 4 VAS scores, and the stool frequency and consistency assessed with the Bristol Stool Form Scale. Our study has failed to demonstrate a significant improvement of the primary endpoint of abdominal pain. Significant differences between groups were observed for flatus score at week 4 (P=0.04) and week 8 (P=0.03) and for composite score at week 8 (P=0.04). The consumption of the 2-strain mixture of L. acidophilus over 8 weeks is safe, significantly decreases flatus and composite scores. The significant effect on flatus could result from the species-specific homofermentative properties of L. acidophilus strains. The negative results on abdominal pain and the gained experience are discussed for the future clinical trials in IBS.
MiR-92b as a marker for TPF induced chemotherapy response prediction and prognosis evaluation in with advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Wen Jianqiong , Xu Houyi , Liu Renying , Chen Qiaoxiu , Dai Yinhua , Xu Yong
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to explore the clinical value of miR-92b in advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to observe the relationship between miR-92b and TPF induced chemotherapy and prognosis. Totally 114 patients with advanced OSCC admitted to our hospital were selected as the study subjects, all of whom received docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy. In addition, another 80 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination in our hospital from the same period were enrolled. The serum expression of miR-92b was detected by qRT-PCR. Serum miR-92b was up-regulated in patients with advanced OSCC, and its expression was associated with higher TNM staging and lymph node metastasis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) of serum miR-92b for the diagnosis of advanced OSCC was 0.931. After treatment, the miR-92b expression was significantly reduced, and the ROC curve showed an AUC value of 0.889 for predicting treatment sensitivity of serum miR-92b. What's more, Logistic indicated that TNM staging, lymph node metastasis and serum miR-92b expression were independent risk factors affecting the treatment efficacy. Survival analysis demonstrated that OSCC patients with high miR-92b expression had poorer OS and DFS compared to patients with low miR-92b expression. Multivariate Cox regression exhibited that TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, and serum miR-92b expression were self-regulating risk factors for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with advanced OSCC. MiR-92b is up-regulated in patients with advanced OSCC, which can be used as a marker for induction chemotherapy and prognosis evaluation of advanced OSCC.
Influenced CD cells and ICAM-1 by pulmonary surfactant combined with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and its effects on immune function in children with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Su Lijie , Sun Qiuyu , Cai Wenfang , Qi Ying
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to explore the clinical efficacy of pulmonary surfactant combined with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) on neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and its influence on immune function in children. Children admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 who received HFOV combined with pulmonary surfactant therapy as a research group. Sixty-two children received conventional nasal continuous positive pressure combined with pulmonary surfactant therapy as a control group. Clinical efficacy, blood gas and immune function of patients were compared between the two groups. The clinical efficacy of the research group was better than that of the control group (P< 0.050). PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 were both higher after treatment (P< 0.050). CD3+ and NK cells in the research group were higher than those in the control group, while CD8+ cells and ICAM-1 were lower than those in the control group (P< 0.050). CD3+, CD4+ and NK cells decreased in both groups after treatment, while CD8+ cells and ICAM-1 increased (P< 0.050). HFOV combined with pulmonary surfactant has significant clinical efficacy and high safety on NRDS, and has a certain protective effect on children's immune function. Hence, it is worthy of being the first choice for the clinical treatment of NRDS in the future.
Correlation of MMP-9 and HMGB1 expression with the cognitive function in patients with epilepsy and factors affecting the prognosis
Authors: Huang Qiuji , Liu Junguo , Shi Zaixun , Zhu Xiuhua
Published: June 2020

This study was designed to investigate the expressions and roles of MMP-9 and HMGB1 in peripheral blood of patients with epilepsy and their relationship with the cognitive function and to explore factors affecting the prognosis of epilepsy patients. A total of 127 patients with epilepsy were collected in the study group and 120 healthy subjects receiving a physical examination at the same time were collected in the control group. The MMP-9 and HMGB1 expressions and their diagnostic value for epilepsy were compared between the two groups. The relationship between MMP-9 and HMGB1 expression levels and the clinical-pathological features and the Mini-mental State Evaluation Scale (MMSE) of patients from the study group were also analyzed. The serum levels of MMP-9 and HMGB1 in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P< 0.001), and were greatly decreased after the treatment (P<0.001). The ROC curve showed that MMP-9 and HMGB1 combined detection had a good diagnostic efficiency for epilepsy. MMP-9 was much related to the type and disease duration of epilepsy (P< 0.05). HMGB1 was significantly associated with disease duration, seizure, and previous treatment history of epilepsy (P< 0.050). According to the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, the expressions of MMP-9 and HMGB1 were negatively correlated with MMSE scores of the study group (P< 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of disease, seizures, MMP-9, and HMGB1 were independent risk factors for the prognosis of epilepsy. The expression levels of MMP-9 and HMGB1 in peripheral blood of patients with epilepsy are significantly increased, and negatively correlated with neurological function scores. They have potential involvement in the occurrence and development of epilepsy, which makes them significant for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy in the future.
Parenteral nutrition effects of Omega-3 fatty acids on C-reactive protein, high-density lipoprotein, lymphocyte characteristics and the treatment of critically ill patients
Authors: Ni Chunhua , Cao Jianxun , Li Dechuan , Wu Wei , Cao Lei , Zhu Chaoyun
Published: June 2020

To study the effects of omega-3 fatty acid parenteral nutrition on the nutrition, inflammatory responses, immunity and prognoses of critically ill cancer patients. A total of 80 critically ill cancer patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. Both groups of patients received equal-nitrogen and equal-calorie enteral and parenteral nutrition. The observation group, on this basis, was added with omega-3 fatty acid parenteral nutrition. The weekly nutritional status measures, inflammatory response measures, immune function measures and prognosis measures (ICU mortality, ICU stay, infectious complications) of the two groups were observed. The nutrition, inflammatory response and immune measures of the observation group were improved compared with the control group. The ICU stay in the observation group was shorter than the control group. Compared with the control group, the ICU mortality rate and infectious complication rate were lower in the observation group, but the differences were not significant (P mortality = 0.13, P infection rate = 0.165). Omega-3 fatty acid parenteral nutrition could improve patients' nutritional status and immune function, reduce the body's inflammatory responses and shorten the length of hospital stay, but couldn't significantly improve ICU mortality and reduce the incidence of infectious complications.
The Multidimensional Structure of Interest
Authors: Draijer Jael Marjan , Bakker Arthur , Slot Esther , Akkerman Sanne
Published: June 2020

There is increasing attention for interest as a powerful, complex, and integrative construct, ranging in appearance from entirely momentary states of interest to longer-term interest pursuits. Developmental models have shown how these situational interests can develop into individual interests over time. As such, these models have helped to integrate more or less separate research traditions and focus the attention of the field more on the developmental dynamics. This, however, also raises subsequent questions, one being how development can be understood in terms of interest structure. The developmental models seem to suggest that development occurs roughly along the line of six dimensions, which we summarize as the dimensions of historicity, value, agency, frequency, intensity, and mastery. Using an experience sampling method that was implemented in a smartphone application, we prompted 94 adolescents aged 13 to 16 (60% female) to rate each interest they experienced during two weeks on these six dimensions. A latent profile analysis on 1247 interests showed six distinct multidimensional patterns, indicating both a homogeneous and heterogeneous structure of interest. Four homogeneous patterns were indicated by more or less equal levels on all six dimensions in varying degrees, and contained 86% of the interests. Two heterogeneous patterns were found, describing variations of interest that are interpreted and discussed. These results endorse the complexity of the construct of interest and provide suggestions for identifying different manifestations of interest.
New features of the first eigenvalue on negatively curved spaces
Authors: Kristály Alexandru
Published: June 2020

The paper is devoted to the study of fine properties of the first eigenvalue on negatively curved spaces. First, depending on the parity of the space dimension,
we provide asymptotically sharp harmonic-type expansions of the first eigenvalue for large geodesic balls in the model n-dimensional hyperbolic space, complementing the results of Borisov and Freitas (2017), Hurtado, Markvorsen and Palmer (2016)
and Savo (2008);
in odd dimensions, such eigenvalues appear as roots of an inductively constructed transcendental equation.
We then give a synthetic proof of Cheng’s sharp eigenvalue comparison theorem in metric measure spaces satisfying a Bishop–Gromov-type volume monotonicity hypothesis. As a byproduct, we provide an example of simply connected, non-compact Finsler manifold with constant negative flag curvature whose first eigenvalue is zero; this result is in a sharp contrast with its celebrated Riemannian counterpart due to McKean (1970).
Our proofs are based on specific properties of the Gaussian hypergeometric function combined with intrinsic aspects of the negatively curved smooth/non-smooth spaces.
Economic and Sociological Accounts of Social Norms
Authors: Kliemt Hartmut
Published: June 2020

Classifying accounts of institutionalized social norms that rely on individual rule-following as ‘sociological’ and accounts based on individual opportunity-seeking behavior as ‘economic’, the paper rejects purely economic accounts on theoretical grounds. Explaining the realworkings of institutionalized social norms and social order exclusively in terms of self-regarding opportunityseeking individual behavior is impossible. An integrated sociological approach to the so-called Hobbesian problem of social order that incorporates opportunityseeking along with rule-following behavior is necessary. Such an approach emerges on the horizon if economic methods are put to good sociological use on the basis of recent experimental economic findings on rule-following behavior.
Incentivized Measurement of Social Norms Using Coordination Games
Authors: Erkut Hande
Published: June 2020

Social norms are important determinants of behavior. Hence, we need reliable methods to identify them in order to increase the predictive and explanatory power of models that aim to predict human behavior. In this paper, I will focus on a norm measurement method proposed by Krupka and Weber. In particular, I will discuss whether social norms elicited using this method are malleable, and whether these norms are good predictors of behavior.
Distributive Justice in the Lab: Testing the Binding Role of Agreement
Authors: Faillo Marco , Marcon Laura , Francés-Gómez Pedro
Published: June 2020

Lorenzo Sacconi and his coauthors have put forward the hypothesis that impartial agreements on distributive rules may generate a conditional preference for conformity. The observable effect of this preference would be compliance with fair distributive rules chosen behind a veil of ignorance, even in the absence of external coercion. This paper uses a Dictator Game with production and taking option to compare two ways in which the device of the veil of ignorance may be thought to generate a motivation for, and compliance with a fair distributive rule: individually-as a thought experiment that should work as a moral cue- and collectively-as an actual process of agreement among subjects. The main result is that actual agreement proves to be necessary for agents to be led towards a fair distributive principle and to generate a significant amount of compliance in absence of external authority. This conclusion vindicates the role of actual agreements in generating motivational power in correspondence with fair distributive rules.
Moral Progress: Improvement of Moral Concepts, Refinements of Moral Motivation
Authors: Nunner-Winkler Gertrud
Published: June 2020

In their recent book Buchanan and Powell claim that there is moral progress. Their analysis focuses on increasing inclusiveness, yet they also suggest other dimensions as possible indicators-improvements in the concept of morality and refinements in moral motivation. In the following I present empirical data on changes in moral understanding that occurred during the second half of the 20th century in Germany. These changes concern an increasing delimitation of the moral realm, the rise of an ethics of responsibility, the displacement of an orientation to super ego dictates by a more ego-syntonic type of moral motivation. This research largely follows the ‘cognitivist’ paradigm which I start off defending against Haidt’s counter proposal of moral intuitionism. Feasible explanatory factors for the changes documented are put forward-processes of secularization and changes in socialization styles-and their interpretation as indicators of moral progress is discussed. The paper ends with brief speculations concerning possible reasons for current moral regressions.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of terrestrial invertebrate assemblages in the riparian zone of the Wewe river, Ashanti region, Ghana
Authors: Nsor Collins Ayine , Oppong Samuel K. , Danquah Emmanuel , Ochem Michael , Antobre Osei Owusu
Published: June 2020

This study assessed invertebrate response to disturbances in the riparian zone of the Wewe river, using geometric series, rarefaction, Renyi diversity, and CCA models. We sampled 2,077 individuals (dry season) and 2,282 (wet season) belonging to 16 invertebrate orders. The severely disturbed habitat registered the highest individuals (n= 1,999), while the least was the moderately disturbed habitat (n= 740). Seasonal assemblages were not significantly different. Fire, farming, tree felling, and erosion explained 66.8% and 60.55% in the dry and wet seasons, respectively, of variations in invertebrate assemblages. This suggests threats to the invertebrate community and the riparian ecosystem health by anthropogenic interventions.
Knockdown of DDX46 inhibits trophoblast cell proliferation and migration through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in preeclampsia
Authors: You Xin , Cui Hongyan , Yu Ning , Li Qiuli
Published: June 2020

Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious disease during pregnancy associated with the dysfunction of trophoblast cell invasion. DDX46 is a kind of RNA helicase that has been found to regulate cancer cell metastasis. However, the role of DDX46 in PE remains unclear. Our results showed that the mRNA levels of DDX46 in placental tissues of pregnant women with PE were markedly lower than those in normal pregnancies. Loss-of-function assays showed that knockdown of DDX46 significantly suppressed cell proliferation of trophoblast cells. Besides, DDX46 knockdown decreased trophoblast cell migration and invasion capacity. In contrast, the overexpression of DDX46 promoted the migration and invasion of trophoblast cells. Furthermore, knockdown of DDX46 caused significant decrease in the levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR in HTR-8/SVneo cells. In addition, treatment with IGF-1 reversed the inhibitory effects of DDX46 knockdown on proliferation, migration, and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo cells. In conclusion, these data suggest that DDX46 might be involved in the progression of PE, which might be attributed to the regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Thus, DDX46 might serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of PE.
Biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of scaffold porous composite collagen–hydroxyapatite based coral for bone regeneration
Authors:   Siswanto Siswanto, Hikmawati Dyah , Kulsum Umi , Rudyardjo Djony Izak , Apsari Retna ,   Aminatun Aminatun
Published: June 2020

The synthesis of collagen–hydroxyapatite composites has been carried out, and the biocompatibility and osteoconductivity properties have been tested. This research was conducted to determine the ability of hydroxyapatite–collagen composites to support the bone growth through the graft surface. Hydroxyapatite used in this study was synthesized from coral with a purity of 96.6%, while collagen was extracted from the chicken claw. The process of forming a scaffold of collagen–hydroxyapatite composites was carried out using the freeze-drying method at −80°C for 4 h. The biocompatibility characteristics of the sample through the cytotoxicity tests showed that the percentage of viable cells in collagen–hydroxyapatite biocomposite was 108.2%, which is higher than the percentage of viable cells of hydroxyapatite or collagen material. When the viable cell is above 100%, collagen–hydroxyapatite composites have excellent osteoconductivity as a material for bone regeneration.
New Schiff bases of 2-(quinolin-8-yloxy)acetohydrazide and their Cu(ii), and Zn(ii) metal complexes: their in vitro antimicrobial potentials and in silico physicochemical and pharmacokinetics properties
Authors: Althobiti Hanan A. , Zabin Sami A.
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this work was to prepare Schiff base ligands containing quinoline moiety and using them for preparing Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) complexes. Four bidentate Schiff base ligands (SL1–SL4) with quinoline hydrazine scaffold and a series of mononuclear Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) complexes were successfully prepared and characterized. The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal potential experimentation revealed that the ligands exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacterial types and were inactive against the Gram-negative bacteria and the fungus strains. The metal complexes showed some enhancement in the activity against the Gram-positive bacterial strains and were inactive against the Gram-negative bacteria and the fungus strains similar to the parent ligands. The complex [Cu(SL1)2] was the most toxic compound against both Gram-positive S. aureus and E. faecalis bacteria. The in silico physicochemical investigation revealed that the ligand SL4 showed highest in silico absorption (82.61%) and the two complexes [Cu(SL4)2] and [Zn(SL4)2] showed highest in silico absorption with 56.23% for both compounds. The in silico pharmacokinetics predictions showed that the ligands have high gastrointestinal (GI) absorption and the complexes showed low GI absorption. The ligands showed a good bioavailability score of 0.55 where the complexes showed moderate to poor bioavailability.
Influence of normalizing and tempering temperatures on the creep properties of P92 steel
Authors: Maddi Lakshmiprasad , Ballal Atul Ramesh , Peshwe Dilip Ramkrishna , Mathew M. D.
Published: June 2020

P92 steel is used as a piping material in ultra super critical power plants that can be operated at steam temperatures up to 650°C. The changes in the martensitic microstructure of P92 steel must be evaluated thoroughly before it is put into actual service. In this study, indigenously developed P92 steel was used. The steel was subjected to normalizing and tempering heat treatments in the range of 1,040–1,060°C and 740–780°C. The changes in the microstructure were evaluated and creep-rupture properties were studied at test temperatures of 600 and 650°C. Although normalizing temperatures influenced the microstructure and creep strength marginally, the change in tempering temperatures led to significant changes. The creep rupture strength at 600°C was influenced largely by the changes in the dislocation substructure, while the precipitation of Laves phases was a significant observation made for 650°C test temperature. Proposed mechanisms for the microstructural evolution and its consequences on the rupture life are discussed in this study.
Effect of temperature on matrix multicracking evolution of C/SiC fiber-reinforced ceramic-matrix composites
Authors: Li Longbiao
Published: June 2020

In this paper, the temperature-dependent matrix multicracking evolution of carbon-fiber-reinforced silicon carbide ceramic-matrix composites (C/SiC CMCs) is investigated. The temperature-dependent composite microstress field is obtained by combining the shear-lag model and temperature-dependent material properties and damage models. The critical matrix strain energy criterion assumes that the strain energy in the matrix has a critical value. With increasing applied stress, when the matrix strain energy is higher than the critical value, more matrix cracks and interface debonding occur to dissipate the additional energy. Based on the composite damage state, the temperature-dependent matrix strain energy and its critical value are obtained. The relationships among applied stress, matrix cracking state, interface damage state, and environmental temperature are established. The effects of interfacial properties, material properties, and environmental temperature on temperature-dependent matrix multiple fracture evolution of C/SiC composites are analyzed. The experimental evolution of matrix multiple fracture and fraction of the interface debonding of C/SiC composites at elevated temperatures are predicted. When the interface shear stress increases, the debonding resistance at the interface increases, leading to the decrease of the debonding fraction at the interface, and the stress transfer capacity between the fiber and the matrix increases, leading to the higher first matrix cracking stress, saturation matrix cracking stress, and saturation matrix cracking density.
Religionsgemeinschaftliches Wirtschaften mennonitischer Unternehmer im 20. Jahrhundert
Authors: Lutz Martin
Published: June 2020

The article analyses the interrelation of religious ethics and entrepreneurship by looking at the case of North American Mennonites in the twentieth century. It focuses on the interpretation of meaning and the discursive negotiation of entrepreneurial legitimacy during a time of rapid socio-economic transformation. The article interprets Mennonite entrepreneurship as a form of embedded economic action within the religious community. It argues that this embeddedness shaped discourses, institutions and practices of entrepreneurship. Mennonite entrepreneurs engaged in debates with church representatives and academics, and they frequently participated in church committees. While the article refers to the reception of Max Weber in economic history, the focus on entrepreneurship in the religious community offers a new perspective that relates to the concept of ethnic entrepreneurship.
„Wer befehlen soll, muß im Befehlen Seligkeit empfinden.“
Authors: Plumpe Werner
Published: June 2020

On the whole, the question as to the historical possibility of entrepreneurship has not been posed. Entrepreneurship has since Schumpeter simply been assumed; translated into a kind of mechanics of leadership in modern management literature in which individual characteristics rescind behind the role expectations for managers. This is logical insofar as a theory of the entrepreneur can at best only exist in a trivial form, such as in the sense of a theory of right or wrong decisions, while the entrepreneur as an individual eludes a theoretical approach in categorical terms. So while these theoretical restrictions make a theory of the entrepreneur unattainable, typological statements can still be made about the historical phenomenon of “entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial behaviour”. This is the starting point of the following article. Characteristics, behavioural patterns and lifestyle details are extracted from entrepreneurial careers of undisputed relevance in German economic and business history between roughly 1850 and 1930: these are then brought together and generalised into an “ideal type” entrepreneur. It will become apparent that entrepreneurship is ultimately based on circumstances, preconditions and attributes which economic or decision theories can only insufficiently grasp: in fact, specific aspects of each individual personality – some of which only fully develop in the course of entrepreneurial practice – determine behaviour and these are themselves again very individual. In a certain sense, entrepreneurship represents a kind of “doer type”, a quality which calls for a whole breadth of influences which in turn cannot be deduced in economic terms.
Polanyi und North
Authors: Priddat Birger P.
Published: June 2020

Douglass C. North developed his institutional economics in critical contrast to Polanyi’s reciprocity/exchange scheme. More precise analysis, however, allows North’s institutions to decode reciprocity, so that North’s theory appears not as a counterpoint to Polanyi, but as a further development – albeit with partially opposite consequences. This contrast is illustrated through the reconstruction of the ancient economy.
New Techniques for SIDH-based NIKE
Authors: Urbanik David , Jao David
Published: June 2020

We consider the problem of producing an efficient, practical, quantum-resistant non-interactive key exchange (NIKE) protocol based on Supersingular Isogeny Diffie-Hellman (SIDH). An attack of Galbraith, Petit, Shani and Ti rules out the use of naïve forms of the SIDH construction for this application, as they showed that an adversary can recover private key information when supplying an honest party with malformed public keys. Subsequently, Azarderakhsh, Jao and Leonardi presented a method for overcoming this attack using multiple instances of the SIDH protocol, but which increases the costs associated with performing a key exchange by factors of up to several thousand at typical security levels. In this paper, we present two new techniques to reduce the cost of SIDH-based NIKE, with various possible tradeoffs between key size and computational cost.
Crystal structure of bis(3-bromo-N-(1-(3-methylpyrazin-2-yl)ethylidene)benzohydrazonato-κ3
O,N,N′)cadmium(II) hemihydrate, C28H25N8O2.5Br2Cd
Authors: Guo Yi-Peng , Liu Xiao
Published: June 2020

C28H25N8O2.5Br2Cd, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.7233(16) Å, b = 11.655(2) Å, c = 15.374(3) Å, α = 82.225(4)°, β = 86.125(3)°, γ = 76.300(3)°, V = 1503.6(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0459, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1102, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[tetrakis(μ2-trifluoroacetato-κ2
O:O′)(μ2-2,5-dimethylpyrazine-κ2
N,N′)dicopper(II)], C7H4CuF6NO4
Authors: Zhang Lan , Ren Yong , Wang Qiang , Ding Wu-Xiu , Fei Wen-Bo
Published: June 2020

C7H4CuF6NO4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.5122(5) Å, b = 8.5458(6) Å, c = 8.8674(6) Å, α = 75.042(3)°, β = 68.601(2)°, γ = 89.809(3)°, V = 577.26(7) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt
(F) = 0.0247, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0625, T = 152.41 K.
The crystal structure of tris(nitrato-κ2
O,O′)-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(o-pyridyl)imidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide-κ2
N,O)yttrium(III), C24H32N9O13Y
Authors: Li Dongjiao
Published: June 2020

C24H32N9O13Y, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 12.237(3) Å, b = 11.058(3) Å, c = 23.235(6) Å, β = 98.486(4)°, V = 3109.6(14) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0455, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0903, T = 293 K.
Fishing as an important source of food in the Arctic and subarctic zones of Yakutia
Authors: Popova Nadezhda V. , Abramov Alexey F. , Markova Ludmila N.
Published: June 2020

The peculiarity of natural conditions of Yakutia plays an important role in the formation of economic activities of its population. A significant number of rivers and lakes are a favorable condition for the development and preservation of traditional fishing. Currently, more than 89% of the commercial fish catch is produced in the lower reaches of the large northern rivers and lakes in the Arctic and subarctic zones of Yakutia. The main part of this catch is whitefish species, which are valued for their fat content, protein content, culinary, and taste qualities. Fish is a valuable food product for the population of Yakutia. This article presents the results of the study on the nutritional value and the content of heavy metals in the Arctic cisco meat. The high content of fat and protein in the studied samples shows that the Arctic cisco meat belongs to high-protein and high-calorie products and has a high biological value. It was found that on average, the level of toxic metals in the Arctic cisco meat does not exceed the norms accepted in Russia for fish products. The data obtained suggest that the content of heavy metals in fish is due to the peculiarities of living conditions and environmental pollution. Over the past decades, the volume of fish production in Yakutia has been declining due to the socioeconomic and climatic factors. Due to the anthropogenic pollution of water in rivers and lakes by oil products and effluents and waste from various sectors of the economy, especially the mining industry, there is a reduction in the fish resources and there is a need to monitor the environmental condition of the fishing reservoirs and the fish food quality.
Terms of address and fictive kinship politeness in Lori
Authors: Mousavi S. Hamzeh
Published: June 2020

This paper attempts to show different terms of address in Lori and how the non-existence of deferential ʃomɑ (V) compared to Persian leads to some misunderstandings. Deferential V substitutes with other terms of address such as fictive kinship terms, formal titles, religious terms, address inversion and indirect address. For this purpose, the data were collected via two methods: (i) interviews (18 informants); (ii) direct observations (27 different contexts). The results obtained from direct observations were collected to check the reliability of interviews. The results demonstrate that politeness is not always a matter of ‘non-solidarity’ and ‘power’, but sometimes solidarity plays an essential role in making terms of address politer. Furthermore, social factors such as gender, age and social roles are crucial in determining appropriate terms of address. Lastly, men and women used fictive kinship terms differently. While women addressed their older cousins and affinal relatives by means of fictive kinship terms, men used them for addressing total strangers. This behaviour means that women tend to make a distance from the addressee whereas men try to create solidarity.
“They just buy a karak and leave” – Overtourism in Souq Muttrah, the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Gutberlet Manuela
Published: June 2020

The research analyses overtourism in a fast-changing destination on the Arabian Peninsula with its social ‘ordering’, conceptualized in local community perceptions, local memories and representations. The souq, located opposite the cruise terminal in Muscat, is the oldest marketplace in Oman and one of the top tourist destinations. The construction of a new USD 2 billion Waterfront Development facing the souq will start by the end of 2019. How does the local, multi-ethnic community consisting of sellers, business owners, tour guides, residents and government officials experience the spatial and social changes? How authentic is the souq for them? Cultural brokers like shop vendors, business-owners and tour guides are seen as local agents. Their perspectives are analyzed within a capitalist, neoliberal development, reinforced since the arrival of mega-cruise tourism in the Sultanate of Oman in 2004. The research is part of a long-term, qualitative, ethnographic research project conducted between 2012 and 2014 and 2017 and 2019 on cruise tourism development transforming Souq Muttrah into a ‘hybrid space’. Results indicate that mega-cruise tourism has created signs of overtourism, operationalized in overcrowding along the main streets, a monoculture of shops, unethical guiding and selling practices transforming the souq into a hybrid space and a staged culture. Interviewees felt being part of a dynamic, cultural and historical process or legacy in Souq Muttrah. To maximize benefits and to increase their quality of life, it is recommended to introduce regulatory, economic and physical measures while including all stakeholders of the local community in cruise tourism planning.
Regional Hypertrophy, the Inhomogeneous Muscle Growth: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zabaleta-Korta Aitor , Fernández-Peña Eneko , Santos-Concejero Jordan
Published: June 2020

A literature search was performed in 2 databases (PubMed and Scopus) on May 22, 2019. From the 14 studies included in the review, 13 found that the anatomical cross-sectional area of some regions of a muscle increased to a greater degree than others. Some studies found increases in the distal region, others reported increases in the middle region, and some found differences between regions but did not report which increased the most. Hypertrophy between and within muscle heads is not homogeneous, confirming that regional hypertrophy actually happens in the quadriceps femoris, triceps brachii, and biceps brachii muscles.
Le coenseignement comme dispositif pour soutenir l’inclusion scolaire : considérations organisationnelles
Authors: Maloney Philippe
Published: June 2020

Au Centre éducatif l’Abri de Port-Cartier, la volonté d’instaurer le coenseignement pour répondre à la problématique de l’inclusion scolaire s’est confrontée à deux défis principaux : dans un premier temps, l’organisation des services et, dans un second temps, le changement des pratiques pédagogiques. L’accompagnement de la démarche par deux chercheurs experts et la collaboration active de tous les intervenants ont permis de surmonter la plupart de ces difficultés. L’article suivant présente un premier bilan, positif, de l’expérience.