bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Fitness-Validation Model of Propagandist Persuasion and the 5Ds of Propaganda.
Authors: Adam-Troian Jais
Published: December 2022

Although pervasive in our history and modern ecology, propaganda has yet to be formally described by social psychological science. The field has extensively documented the principles of persuasion and social influence, but no integrative synthesis has been attempted to describe the mechanisms of propagandist persuasion. In this paper, we propose to formalize a Fitness-Validation Model (FVM) of propagandist persuasion. This synthetic model assumes that, in essence, influence is proportional to the degree of fit between message characteristics (social content, prescriptive content, descriptive content, framing) and recipients’ (group identity, attitudes, knowledge, cognitive makeup). Fitness on these four characteristics then shapes perceptions of thought validity regarding the message, and ultimately behavior change. Thus, we propose that propaganda attempts to maximize fitness between message and recipient characteristics and self-validation in the direction of the message. From the FVM, we then derive five main pathways for propagandist persuasion and dissuasion, which we label the 5D: Deceive social intuition, Divert resistant attitudes, Disrupt information processing, Decoy reasoning and Disturb meta-cognition. The 5D are mutually inclusive and can be seen as the “building blocks” of real-world propaganda. We discuss the theoretical implications of the FVM and conclude the model should be used to craft more effective liberal democratic (counter)propaganda.
Antimicrobial Assessment and Phytochemical Screening of Medicinal Plants and Ganoderma lucidum.
Authors: Thapa Rajat , Maharjan Rashika , Tamang Puja , Gautam Priya , Adhikari Rachana , Maharjan Sandesh
Published: December 2022

Nepal has always relied on traditional medicinal plants, herbs, and mushrooms that are locally available to treat numerous diseases. This study thus aimed to explore the antimicrobial properties of the plants and fungi that are commonly used as traditional medicines. Antimicrobial properties of 5 plants (Curcuma caesia. Acorus calamus, Moringa oleifera, Terminalia chebula, and Tinospora cordifolia) and 1 fungus (Ganoderma lucidum) were screened against 4 ATCC bacterial culture (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae). The extracts were prepared using Soxhlet’s apparatus in two solvents, i.e. ethanol and distilled water. Out of which, distilled water of Acorus calamus had the highest percentage yield. All extracts showed antimicrobial properties against S. aureus. The highest potential was observed in the ethanolic extract of Curcuma caesia against S. aureus with the zone of inhibition of 22mm The ethanolic extract of Tinospora cordiofolia showed promising antimicrobial against gram-negative bacteria: E.coli, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae with the zone of inhibition 15mm, 15mm and 14mm respectively. The distilled water extract of Acorus calamus showed the highest antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa with a zone of inhibition of 18mm. In the case of phytochemical screening, both the extracts of Tinospora cordiofolia showed the highest phytochemicals (Terpenoids, Saponins, Coumarin, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, and Tannins). The experiment confirmed the efficacy of selected plants and fungus extract as a natural antimicrobial against all the test organisms used, suggesting the possibility of employing them in novel drug development against the treatment of infectious diseases caused by the test organisms.
Factors Affecting Potato Marketed Surplus in Kavre District of Nepal
Authors: Kharel Meena
Published: December 2022

Potato is a staple food crop. It has been being a highly consumed food grown in all parts of Nepal. A study was conducted to identify the factors affecting the potato marketed surplus, taking randomly selected 100 potato growing households in Kavre district of Nepal. Face to face survey with semi structured questionnaire for primary data collection and secondary information was collected through review of relevant publications from the government authority. Descriptive statistics and econometric model were used for data analysis. The multiple linear regression model was used to identify the determinants of potato marketed surplus. It was revealed around 81% of the total potato production was usually sold to the market and the remaining 11% and 9% of potato were used for seed and home consumption respectively. The multiple regression model indicates that among the seven variables used namely area of potato production, NARC released potato varieties, experience of farmer, education level, price and selling to traders were significantly influenced to the marketed surplus of potato in Kavre. Farmers’ access to quality inputs services and capacity building training for enhanced production and strengthening backward and forward linkage for effective marketing.
Application of Absorption Spectra to Study Order of Sequence in Intersecting Printed and Pen Strokes
Authors: Giri R. , Chimouriya S. P. , Ghimire B. R.
Published: December 2022

This work is performed to establish chronological order in crossing strokes between printed stroke and pen strokes. Nine different types of pens including cello maxriter pen (black and blue), pilot pen (red and black), cello pointec pen (black and blue) and cello techno tip pen (red, black and blue) are used to produce pen strokes and for printed stroke Canon LBP 3300 printer is used. In the case of printed stroke, only black color stroke is applied. As a result, samples of both homogeneous and heterogeneous intersecting strokes are prepared. This work is based on the assumption that nature and peak characteristics of absorption spectra from crossing stroke should be similar to that of second stroke. Here, absorption spectra is generated by Video Spectral Comparator-6000 by using light of wavelength ranging from 400 nm to 1000 nm. From this experiment, it is found to be possible to find chronological order for heterogeneous crossing strokes (crossing stroke of different colors) only if printed stroke is over pen stroke. It means, only if print is done over writing strokes from red and blue pen, then order of sequence of writing can be determined whereas in other cases it is not possible.
Spatial Distribution of Groundwater Level over Lowlands of Morang District of Eastern-Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai A. , Shrestha S. , Regmi R. P.
Published: December 2022

A better understanding of spatial distribution of groundwater level is necessary for the development of groundwater development strategies and sustainable use of available resources. The present study evaluates the spatial distribution of groundwater level over the Morang Administrative District of Eastern Nepal and the groundwater accessibility over the area. The study was realized by performing an extensive field survey of groundwater level during the post-monsoon season over 126 sites. The study area of 1224.80 km2 was gridded at 3 km x 3 km horizontal grid resolution and at least one survey was ensured for each grid point. Downscaled spatial distribution of groundwater level was achieved by interpolating the observed data using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) with different weighting parameters available with the geostatistical module of ArcGIS. The performances of the interpolation methods were evaluated based on the cross-validation of results characterized by the statistical parameters RMSE, R2 and MAE and optimal power (α) for weighting function. The IDW (with α=4) appears to perform well for the study area with Coefficient of Determination (R2) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) values of 0.336, 4.750 and 2.967, respectively. The spatial distribution of groundwater level over the low-lands of Morang District mapped with the IDW interpolation method, revealed that the ground water level is maximum in south-western part of the district. The depth to groundwater lies between the ranges of 4.5 to 10 meters covering almost 67.47% of the total study area.
Electronic and Magnetic Properties of K2Mn3S4
Authors: Acharya G. B. , Ghimire M. P.
Published: December 2022

Many opto-electronic and energy efficient devices depend on semiconductors’ direct as well as indirect band gap. Using spin-polarized density functional theory approach, we calculate the electronic structure and magnetic properties of K2Mn3S4. We found that this system has a ferrimagnetic ground state with a saturated magnetic moment of 10μB per unit cell. This was mostly caused by the antiferromagnetic interaction between the Mn (I) and Mn (II) atoms, with individual magnetic moment of 4.2 μB and 4.1 μB, respectively. More significantly, from the density of states and band structure calculations, K2Mn3S4 is noted as a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of 1.1 eV between the top of the valence band of spin up channel and bottom of the conduction bands of spin down channel, indicating the material as a promising candidate for photovoltaic and opto-electronic devices.
Effect of Firm-Specific Variables on Stock Returns: Evidence from Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Purna Man , Lamichhane Pitambar
Published: December 2022

Background: Common stock return is a major concern for investors and the management of the firm. Investors always want to increase their values of common stock; thus, they always want to increase common stock returns. The investor for investment prefers the company that provides better common stock return. Thus, the management of the firm always wants to increase common stock returns. The common stock return is affected by so many internal and external factors. Internal factors are the firm-specific factors that the firm's management can control, and external factors are the macroeconomic factors that the individual firm cannot control. Generally, firm-specific factors include the size of the firm, book-to-market equity, earnings yield, cash flow yield, dividend yield, leverage, return on assets, sales-to-price ratio etc. If the firm's management identifies these factors influence, they can increase their common stock return.

Objective: This paper aims to investigate the effect of firm-specific variables on the stock return of Nepalese commercial banks.

Methods: To observe the influence of firm-specific variables on stock return of Nepalese commercial banks, multivariate regression analysis have been applied. In regression analysis stock return is taken as dependent variable and firm-specific variables such as size (lnME), book-to-market equity (BE/ME), earnings yield (E/P), dividend yield (D/P), return on assets (ROA), earning per share (EPS), sales per share to stock price (S/P) ratio have been taken as explanatory variables.

Findings: This paper finds the positive impact of D/P and EPS, and the negative effect of E/P, ROA and S/P ratio on the stock return of Nepalese commercial banks.

Conclusions: This paper concludes that Nepalese commercial banks can increase common stock return by increasing D/P and EPS and lowering E/P, ROA and S/P ratios.

Implication: The findings of this study can be implemented by investors for investment decisions and bank management to maximize the stock returns of Nepalese commercial banks.
Impacts of Budget Transparency on Economic and Political Outcomes
Authors: Prijaković Simona
Published: December 2022

his article focuses on a review of literature on the impacts of budget/fiscal transparency on economic and political outcomes. It also considers the definitions and measurements of budget/fiscal transparency indices used in the literature reviewed – thirty-seven papers published in English, online, during the 2000–2021 period. The reviewed papers mostly deal with budget transparency at the national (central) government level, probably due to the problems of measurement at subnational – state, provincial, regional, local – government levels. Tables 1 and 2 systematise the economic and political outcomes and their various measures found in the reviewed literature, and the possibility of using them in further research. Among economic variables, the most pronounced impact is on government budget balance, debt, and expenditures. Governments with higher budget transparency are associated with better budget balance, credit ratings, budget estimation and forecasting, as well as with higher expenditures and revenues, underestimation of revenues and expenditures, lower borrowing costs, government debt, and inflation. The highest proven political impact of budget transparency is on corruption. Governments with higher levels of budget transparency are perceived as less corrupt, i.e. having better control of corruption, as well as higher government quality, effectiveness, and spending efficiency. Moreover, they have more popular governors and higher public participation.
Study on the Changes in Common Laboratory Parameters in Dengue Patients with Secondary Bacterial Infection
Authors: D.D. Haputhanthiri  , M.A.F. Sabriya  , J.M.R.W.W.Wadanamby  , D.H.H.Munasinghe
Published: December 2022

Secondary bacterial infection can adversely affect the clinical course of primary viral infection indengue fever. Time consuming microbiological culture confirmations and false negative culture resultsdelay the timely initiation of antibiotics. The objective of this study was to describe the variation in thecommon laboratory parameters during the illness, identify criteria that may predict secondary bacterialinfection before microbial culture confirmation, identify the common organisms causing secondarybacterial infections and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. A retrospective case-control study was carriedout at the Dengue Management Unit of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sri Lanka. Patientstreated with antibiotics upon suspicion or culture confirmation of secondary bacterial infections andpatients not treated with antibiotics were selected for the study. Total WBC count, absolute neutrophilcount, platelet count, HCT (Hematocrit), CRP (C Reactive Protein) and average body temperature wererecorded. Independent sample t-test was used to analyze the data. Study results showed that most positivemicrobial cultures were detected on the 6th and 7th days of illness. Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, andnon-speciated Gram-positive cocci were the commonly isolated organisms. Patients with confirmedsecondary bacterial infection had significantly higher neutrophil count (3.32±0.35x103/μL, p<0.05) andlower platelet counts (49.33±7.66x103/μL, p<0.05) on the 6th and 5th day of illness respectively. Theaverage body temperature was significantly higher in the study group than the control from the fever day3 onwards (p<0.05). The study subjects were more likely to have significantly lower HCT values(38.62±1.12%, p<0.05) than their controls on the third and fourth days of fever. Overall, the present studysuggests that bacterial co-infection increases the mortality rate in dengue patients. The variation inabsolute neutrophil count, platelet count, and body temperature pattern compared to the illness day can beused along for early prediction of secondary bacterial infection.

Keywords:  dengue, bacterial infection, antibiotics, platelet count, HCT
The Contributions of Caliph Abu Bakr to the First Muslim Liberation of Islamicjerusalem
Authors: MUTHİ Ahmad Dawamul , EL-AWAISI Khalid
Published: December 2022

The first Muslim fath/ liberation of Islamicjerusalem in the seventh century was a remarkable historical turning point for the Holy Land. After centuries of exclusion, peace and inclusivity in Holy Land were finally established. Moreover, this historical event raised the standing of Islam between two superpowers, Byzantium and the Persia. As this vital event occurred in the era of ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattāb, several studies have documented his significant role. However, limited literature focuses on the role of his predecessor, the first Muslim Caliph, Abū Bakr al-Siddiq. Since his appointment as Caliph, Abū Bakr made crucial contributions not only to strengthen the foundation of the Islamic State in Madinah but also to liberate Islamicjerusalem. Investigation and analysis based on primary sources and historical records show that Caliph Abū Bakr was determined to continue the Prophet's plan to liberate Bayt al-Maqdis. Therefore, this study examined Caliph Abū Bakr’s contributions during his reign in paving the way for the liberation of the Holy Land. His significant contributions included sending out ’Usamah’s army, securing domestic threats and uniting Muslims during the Apostates War, prioritising and directing armies to al-Sham, and even the selection of his successor, all of which has contributed to the liberation of Bayt al-Maqdis. The result of this study supports the view that Caliph Abū Bakr's contributions enabled the first Muslim liberation of Islamicjerusalem to be achieved merely a few years after his demise, during the reign of his successor, ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattāb.
Memorial tourism as a component of memorial culture
Authors: Bozhko L. , Kysliuk K.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the memorial tourism as a component of memorial culture — promising direction of post-war tourism in Ukraine, to determine the reasons for its demand and the role it can play in current cultural situation. Memorial tourism is a new form of memorial activity: the creation of a “place of memory” for committed crimes (museumification of places of tragedies; opening of individual monuments; memorial complexes; museums; exhibitions dedicated to tragic events; creation of organized burials), etc.

The methodology. In the research process, the methods of abstraction, analysis and synthesis were used in the historiographical study of the memorial tourism, empirical method was used for collecting and describing material about the first virtual museums of the Russian-Ukrainian war, content analysis and statistical method were used for comparing the content of popular Telegram news channels about the war with the exhibits of these museums.

The results. The analysis of the literature showed that the phenomenon of memorial tourism has a global character. It becomes part of the global structure of contemporary mediating and tourism narratives of peace, reconciliation and sustainability paradigms. The paradigms of “shared memories” introduce a new vision of war memory as an alternative of the patriotic, aggressive and militarized approach. The authors note that the most expedient is the promotion of Ukraine on the international arena as a “place of memory” for the largest-scale destruction since the Second World War. This is the practice of the first virtual museums of the Russian-Ukrainian war. It currently corresponds to the content of acute cultural memory, represented in one of the most widespread Ukraininan media discourses. This approach will allow the state to popularize civic values, encourage active diplomacy, and stimulate tourism as a tool of economic development.

The scientific novelty. Consideration of the relationship between the theory of memorial tourism and the first practices of museumification of the Russian-Ukrainian war and one of the leading Ukrainian media discourses of its coverage.

The practical significance. The materials of this article can be used to develop programs or strategies for the development of memorial tourism in the war and post-war times in Ukraine.
Ukrainian resistance to Russian aggression in the context of “directing of action”
Authors: Buhaiova V.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the article is to analyze the reflection of the Ukrainian people’s heroic resistance to Russian aggression in modern theatrical art forms in the context of “action directing”.

The main methodological tool for the study of the mentioned problem is a formal and art-scientific analysis of a set of theatrical artistic forms, which, in our opinion, today form a certain theatrical environment.

An important set of ideas on which the study of such a symbolic environment is based are ideas related to the formation of a certain “symbolic field”. In addition to the interpretation of the concept of “symbol” by classical European philosophy, the ideas of philosophers and cultural scientists of the XX century remain effective. (from B. Russell, J. Dewey, R. Carnap, J. Piaget. E. Cassirera, S. Langer, A. Whitehead, K. G. Jung, T. Todorov, O. F. Losev, Yu. M. Lotman, R. Eshelman, J. Birringer etc.), who considered various aspects of the implementation of “action directing” in the formation of modern artistic forms and symbolic expressions. Approaches substantiated by Guy Debord, R. Caiua, B. Massumi, R. Eshelman, J. Birringer, and others also appear to be methodologically important on various aspects of the problem under investigation.

The result of the research presented in this article is understanding of the main theatrical forms and art practices which are implemented in the context of “directing of action” during Ukrainian resistance to Russian aggression.

The scientific novelty of the research presented in the article is consists in understanding those projects of various typological orientations that were created by Ukrainian artists and Ukrainian society during the active phase of Russian aggression against Ukraine. The article proves that Ukrainian civil society uses both archetypal and ultra-modern figurative and semantic constructions to symbolize its opposition and implements them in the context of “directing of action”.

The practical significance of the results of the study is that based on the understanding of the need to nurture the creative thinking of modern directors of theatrical forms and art projects in accordance with the requirements of both Ukrainian civil society and professional requirements.
Marketing Research �f Consumers for the Project �Wine Routes of the Ukrainian Black Sea Region�
Authors:   Odesa National Technological University, Braiko �
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Introduction. Theoretical and practical approaches to marketing research of consumers in the field of wine tourism are considered. Reasonable decision-making is needed for the effective development of the Black Sea Wine Roads project. For this purpose, marketing research was conducted using qualitative and quantitative marketing research (survey, structured interview, content analysis of the text). Purpose. The purpose of the research is to substantiate management decisions for the development of wine tourism in the Black Sea region based on marketing research. Results. A structured interview was conducted with the participants of the ODESSA VINE WEEK event (May 19, 2021), who are stakeholders - the State Agency for Tourism Development of Ukraine, heads of travel agencies, owners and marketers of wineries, etc. The result of the interview was a �portrait of a wine tourist�. A survey of owners of 16 wineries from different regions of Ukraine concluded that the main motives for wine tourists to visit them are the opportunity to try unique local or original wines, high quality wine and use of modern equipment, specially created museums, cultural centers with excursions and wonderful landscapes and picturesque vineyards around. The results of a survey of consumers of wine tourism services are presented. Four main segments among wine tourism connoisseurs have been identified. The first segment is advanced wine connoisseurs, who are mostly united in wine clubs. They have experience in tasting both domestic and foreign wines. They have experience of tasting at wineries. The second segment is Ukrainian tourists who are interested in everything new. They have experience in travel, especially domestic tourism. The third segment � people whose professional activity and purpose of a trip to wineries are directly related to winemaking and tourism. The fourth segment is foreign tourists. Conclusions. The research showed that among modern tourists, the share of those who are looking for an opportunity to add more celebration and pleasure to their holiday in terms of culture and discover new gastronomic feelings combined with fine wines is growing. It is recommended to use the results of the study to form a marketing strategy for the development of the project of wine roads of the Black Sea coast of Ukraine.
Methods of Efficient Allocation of Financial Resources for Defense Orders and Procurement under the Conditions of Limited Centralized Fund
Authors:   Institute of the Troops (Forces) Support and Information Technologies of National Defense University of Ukraine named after Ivan Cherniakhovskyi, Lutsyk Yuliya
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Introduction. The article proposes a method of efficient allocation on the terms of financial lending of the central control facily (Center) between commercial facilities (contractors). It is considered that the tasks of efficient allocation of limited financial resources and other types of resources arise in everyday activities, in the priority tasks of national importance for placing orders for the production and purchase of goods, performance of works and provision of defense services. Purpose. The aim of the article is research of methodology which is developed on the basis of the principles of the theory of active systems � as fundamental direction of the general classical theory of management. Results. It is emphasised that the essence of the methodology is to form the target function of the effect for the Center through the use by counterparties of financial resources, provided as a loan. Proved the functions of the effect as the interpretation of preferential (interest-free) or interest-bearing loans of objects with repayment of the loan after the counterparty has completed the final task. It is noted that in the function of the effect the main flexible parameter of management while the allocation of financial resources is - a flexible interest rate on the loan. Studied the nature of the dependence of the flexible interest rate on counterparties' requests for loans and it is noted that the establishment of a flexible rate allows to achieve a reasonable balance between the limited amount of centralized financial resources and the set of consumer requests. Proved that a flexible rate disciplines and encourages loan recipients to form objective loan requests that meet their real needs and ability to repay the loan after the counterparties have completed the final task. Considered the possibility of applying the developed mechanism of allocation of financial resources in case of unequal objects, for example, monopoly objects or some high-priority objects. Conclusions. Proved the conclusion that the approach to the allocation of financial resources, proposed in the methodology, can be disseminated and applied during the allocation of other types of resources in order to solve priority issues of national importance.
Ensuring Ukraine Financial Security During Wartime and in Conditions of Financial Inclusion
Authors:   Higher Educational Institution �Podillia State University�, Mushenyk Iryna
Published: December 2022

l security at various levels of the economic system come to the fore, from the finances of individual households to national finances. As the practice of developed countries shows, one of the main drivers of financial security is the implementation of the principles of financial inclusion. After all, financial inclusion, combined with confidence in the financial and credit system by the population and business, is the stimulus for directing savings to the investment sphere, reducing the shadowing of the economy, increasing financial stability of economic entities, and, consequently, increasing government revenue and financial security. Purpose. The aim of the study is to improve the theoretical and methodological foundations and practical tools for identifying problems and effective ways to spread financial inclusion in Ukraine during the war. Results. Theoretical approaches to defining the essence of the concept of financial inclusion are considered. The content of financial inclusion as universal access of the population to a wide range of financial services, the most common of which are banking services, is revealed. The quantitative characteristics of financial inclusion in Ukraine during the wartime are considered and the generally unsatisfactory level of financial awareness, financial inclusion and access of the population to basic financial services is noted. It is determined that financial inclusion, combined with confidence in the financial and credit system by individuals and businesses, is a stimulus for directing savings to investment, reducing the shadowing of the economy, increasing financial stability of economic entities, and, consequently, increasing level of government revenues and financial security. Theoretical and methodological principles of spreading financial inclusion as a driver of financial security of Ukraine are studied. Risks threatening financial stability and tools for their minimization in Ukraine are analyzed. Conclusions. The research shows that the spread of financial inclusion in Ukraine today does not meet the requirements of the modern economically developed world. Thus, the low level of financial inclusion does not allow the state to fully use the powerful resource of savings, promotes the development of the shadow sector, which ultimately reduces the level of financial security in general. The high uncertainty caused by the war also makes it difficult to predict economic processes with reasonable probability. Therefore, the National Bank may temporarily refrain from publishing its own macroeconomic forecasts.
Ways to Achieve Competitive Advantage of Agricultural Sector Entities in a Market Environment
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Sirenko Natalia
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Introduction. In terms of market transformations subjects high competitiveness of the agricultural sector is the key to obtaining high and stable profits and is the main condition for the development and functioning of the company. Achieving competitive advantage requires the analysis of environmental factors, emerging market space and adversely affect the competitive advantage of companies: the political situation, the level of solvency of buyers, unstable tax legislation, exchange rate, unfair actions of competitors, thereby ensuring further development of the agricultural business sector market environment requires improving ways to achieve competitive advantages with the development tools to implement them. Purpose. The study is disclosing how to achieve competitive advantages subjects agricultural sector indicating instruments for their implementation and the possibility of changing the state of the market environment. Results. Ways of achieving competitive advantages for big agribusiness entities will �cost leadership� and �state change of the market environment� while the �differentiation� and �innovative activity� is available to all agricultural producers products. The system of competitive advantages should be based on the need to establish a specific relationship in manufacturer of agricultural sector between how the planned achievement of competitive advantage, and those which fit better with the focus. Conclusions. In terms of market reforms in support of previous competitive advantages and create new entities of the agricultural sector should develop instruments implementing the system achieve competitive advantage because of their size. Further research perspective serves to develop methodological tools of analysis of the external and internal environments to achieve competitive advantages subjects agricultural sector according to the requirements of the market environment.
Insurance as a Direction of Guaranteeing the Financial Cecurity of the Tourism Business
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Shyshpanova Nataliia
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Introduction. Tourism for many countries is a priority for the national economy, as this industry has a positive multiplier effect on other economic activities. The high degree of riskiness of tourist activity necessitates the use of insurance mechanisms and insurance protection for all participants in the tourist market. Insurance allows you to optimize resources for the organization of insurance protection. It contributes to the rational structure of funds aimed at preventing (or promptly eliminating) the effects of risks that hinder the activities of economic entities. Purpose. The aim is to determine the role of insurance in ensuring the economic security of the tourism business and to develop practical recommendations for the development of insurance protection in the field of tourism. Results. Ensuring the safety of life and health of tourists and excursionists in Ukraine is a necessary condition for quality in the organization of tourist and excursion programs and a priority for all actors in the hospitality industry. The system of services to provide insurance protection against risky situations during a tourist trip is quite complex. This is due to the heterogeneity of probable adverse events that may occur at a particular time or under certain circumstances. Such services include insurance of life and health of the tourist, his property and liability, etc. Specific types of insurance against tourist risks are insurance in case of transport delays, bad weather during the stay of insured persons on vacation, as well as failure to provide or improper provision of services specified in the tourist voucher, etc. The current state of development of the domestic market of insurance services and travel insurance is analyzed. It is determined that the largest segment of the travel insurance market in Ukraine is health insurance. Insurance companies are currently creating insurance systems that, depending on their cost, may include a range of services, including evacuation and first aid services, as well as a range of services such as: payment for visits by relatives to the injured tourist in the host country, dental help, etc. Conclusions It was found that the main factors hindering the development of tourism insurance are: low insurance culture of tourists, owners and employees of tourism enterprises; public distrust of financial institutions; cases of insurance fraud against consumers of tourist services; imperfect legal framework and organizational and economic support, etc. A number of measures at the macro and micro levels are proposed for the development of tourism insurance in Ukraine, which will minimize threats to the safety of tourists and help ensure the economic security of the tourism business.
Method of Formation of Environmental Competence During the Teaching of Economic Disciplines by Means of Interactive Learning Technologies
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Yablunovska �.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Introduction. The article highlights modern methods of forming environmental competence in the process of teaching economic disciplines with the help of interactive learning technologies, which are due to various factors. The content of the concepts of "competence" and "environmental competence" in the context of the study is analyzed by conducting an extended excursion on the interpretation of these concepts in pedagogical practice. Ecologically literate person has a high level of ecological knowledge, developed ecological thinking, in his behavior is guided by the priority of ecological values, considers his profession as an effective means of improving the environment and solving environmental problems. The article considers the approaches to the definition of "competence", "environmental competence" and on their basis identifies the role, importance and ways of forming environmental competence in the teaching of economic disciplines with the use of interactive technologies. The relevance of the chosen topic is justified by the lack of interdisciplinary and regional approaches to the formation of environmental competence of higher education seekers based on the introduction of interactive technologies. The efficiency of formation of ecological competence in the process of professional training of future specialists in the economic sphere with the help of interactive learning technologies is proved. The basic rules of the organization of interactive learning are specified, shortcomings of application of interactive methods in educational process by teachers are covered. The stages of interactive teaching methods are defined and substantiated. Purpose. The aim of the article is to find out the possibilities of forming students' environmental competence with the help of interactive learning technologies. Results. The importance of interactive teaching methods that use situational environmental tasks is emphasized. It is revealed that the use of interactive methods and technologies allows to intensify the assimilation and creative application of theoretical material; gives the chance to model ecological life situations by the person; to involve students in solving environmental problems, making environmentally responsible decisions, gaining experience in environmental protection. Conclusions. The possibility of using interactive technologies in the training of applicants is analyzed and argued. The basic rules for the introduction of interactive learning technologies in the structure of higher education institutions in the process of training future specialists in the economic sphere have been formed and proposed.
Zonguldak Yeraltı Kömür Ocakları Üretiminin Verimlilik Analizi
Authors: ŞENGÜN Bahadır , GÜRGEN Mehmet Sabit
Published: December 2022

Maden ocaklarında verimliliğin ölçümü ve değerlendirilmesi oldukça büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, 2009-2011 yılları arasında Türkiye Taşkömürü Kurumu (TTK) tarafından beş değişik yeraltı ocağının kömür üretiminin verimlilik ölçümleri ve değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Verimlilik ölçümünde Fisher indeks sayısı temeline dayanan toplam verimlilik ve karlılık ölçüm modeli kullanılmıştır. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda, taşkömürü fiyat indeksi 2009 yılına göre, 2010 ve 2011 yıllarında % 9.60 ve % 37.87 yükselmiştir. Kömür üretimi değişimlerini gösteren indeks değerleri 2010 yılında % 1.81 yükselirken, 2011 yılında % 0.74 düşmüştür. Toplam girdilerin fiyat indeksi ise 2010 ve 2011 yıllarında sırasıyla % 3.51 ve % 17.05 artarken, toplam tüketim değişimleri 2010 ve 2011 yıllarında sırasıyla % 4.69 ve % 0.83 yükselmiştir. Bu değişim sonucunda verimlilik indeksleri 2010 ve 2011 yıllarına sırasıyla % 2.75 ve % 11.47 oranında düşmüştür. Memur ve işçi giderlerinin taşkömürü üretim maliyetlerini önemli ölçüde etkilediği belirlenmiştir.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) DALAM MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI KESETIMBANGAN KIMIA SMAN 3 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Maulana Mantiko Parbo , Solikhin Febrian , Dewi Krisna
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar peserta didik pada materi kesetimbangan kimia di SMA N 3 Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang terdiri tiga siklus. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kelas XI MIPA 5. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah instrumen observasi, dan tes kognitif. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dari siklus I, siklus II, dan siklus III terjadinya kenaikan persentase aktivitas peserta didik dan ketuntasan peserta didik. Secara berturut-turut persentase aktivitas peserta didik adalah 32,37%, 55,25%, dan 84,76%. Sedangkan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik secara berturut-turut adalah 17%, 31,4% dan 82,8%.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning berhasil meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar peserta didik. Hal ini terlihat dari persentase aktivitas dan ketuntasan hasil belajar sudah meningkat dan lebih dari 75%.
Algorithm for determining the places of installation of reclosers in branched distribution electric networks
Authors: Burbelo Michailo Josephovich , Loboda Yurii Vasylovych , Slobodian Ruslan Oleksandrovych
Published: December 2022

Air line 10 kV overhead lines are made, as a rule, according to a radial scheme with aluminum non-insulated wires on reinforced concrete supports with an average length of 15 km and in some cases can reach 40 km (data according to Khmelnytskyi REM). In these networks, devices of automatic sectioning and redundancy are practically not used, which leads to the disconnection of all consumers that are powered by these PLs in the event of emergency situations. For example, Air line 10 kV F-5 of the Khmelnytsky REM with a length of 23 km, the estimated value of SAIDI is 714 minutes, and according to the resolution of the ccording to the Resolution of the National Commission for Regulation of Public Utilities №1175, the value of the SAIDI indicator for rural networks should not exceed 300 minutes.

Reclosers are used to increase the reliability of the power supply. The use of reclosers makes it possible to reduce the number of de-energized consumers in the event of short circuits by sectioning the overhead power line and the possibility of reserving it from another substation for the period of repair work on damaged sections of the substation. Some distribution system operators follow the path of replacing line disconnectors that switch on-site teams, but this approach does not always correspond to the optimal placement of reclosers to ensure the maximum effect of improving reliability indicators, in particular, when using short-circuit indicators.

A method of determining the optimal location of reclosers in distribution electrical networks, taking into account the installation of short-circuit indicators, is proposed, which will provide the greatest effect of improving the reliability of power supply. This method is based on the use of a matrix of paths, which makes it possible to automate the calculation of the SAIDI indicator depending on the location of the recloser and the number of short-circuit indicators.
Electrical Transmission Line Damage Identification System for Distribution Electrical Networks
Authors: Zaitsev Ievgen O. , Blinov Igor V. , Bereznychenko Victorii O. , Zakusilo Serhiy A.
Published: December 2022

In the paper shows, that one of the important directions of the development of the electric power industry both in the world and in Ukraine is the improvement and construction of electric power networks and systems according to the Smart Grid concept. The main idea of such systems is a reliable, energy-efficient and high-quality energy supply, which based on the growing role of management as a leading factor in the innovative development of electric power and the construction of high-performance information and computing infrastructure. One of the main components of Smart Grid is the diagnosis of emergency modes and damage monitoring. This is because damage to electrical networks affects the quality and reliability of electricity supply to consumers. Therefore, the task of quickly and accurately determining the place of damage is important. The effective solution of this problem gives a significant economic effect due to the reduction of power supply interruptions, the reduction of transport costs for bypassing electrical networks, and the minimization of the total time for the organization of repair and restoration works. It shown that one of the ways to increase efficiency is the use of means of identifying emergency conditions in sections of both cable and overhead electrical networks. A diagram of the location of damage indicators on the section of the electrical distribution network presented, which allows determining the direction of the search for the location of the damage. A comparative analysis of current measuring transformers of optical and electromagnetic type carried out. It shown that a significant number of advantages of optical measuring current transformers, which can be used in damage indicators, can be provided by measuring current transformers of the electromagnetic type. It is shown that in order to ensure the creation of a damage indicator based on the Smart Grid concept, which allows to reduce the time of searching for the cause and location of an emergency situation to a minimum, as well as to ensure connection to operating overhead and cable lines without removing voltage by connecting the output of the secondary winding of the measuring current transformer of the detachable design to the measuring converters directly placed near the current measuring transformers with the help of a mechanical spring fastener. A block diagram of a specialized information and measurement system with a damage indicator was created, taking into account the requirements of the Smart Grid concept, which allows to reduce the time of searching for the cause to a minimum.
To the question of ethnic and political relationships of the Hunno-Bulgar tribes of IV–VI centuries AD (based on the analysis of a one group of ethnonyms). Part 1.
Authors: Mingazov S. R.
Published: December 2022

Written sources of the early Middle Ages recorded several dozen ethnonyms of the steppe tribes, attributed by historians to the peoples of the Hunno–Bulgar circle. This diversity creates certain problems with identifying individual tribes, determining their localization, and analyzing the chronology of their movements. Questions arise as to how these peoples correlated with each other and with large nomadic empires. The main attention of the author was drawn to a group of six similar ethnonyms, which the sources refer to the tribes of the Hunno–Bulgar circle of the 4th–6th centuries: Alpidzurs, Alcildzurs, Amilzurs, Altziagirs, Ultzinzurs, Ultizurs and one anthroponym Ultzindur. Mentions of these ethnonyms can be found in three historians of the 5th–6th centuries: Jordanes, Priscus and Agathias, who brought information about these tribes who lived in Northern Black Sea region. Researchers of the 19th–20th centuries addressed the topic of the studied tribes and their ethnonyms, however, as a rule, in their works, they considered from one to three ethnonyms and did not pay attention to relationships within the entire group as a whole. In this study, for the first time, the information of written sources about all six ethnonyms and tribes to which they belonged is comprehensively considered in connection with the known historical information about the Hunnic and Bulgar confederations of the 5th–6th centuries. The existing historiography is also presented and a conclusion is made about the possible belonging of a number of ethnonyms to one people.
Maitreya and Zanabazar in Mongolia
Authors: Syrtypova S.-Kh. D.
Published: December 2022

An article is made in a series about the artistic activity by a brilliant sculptor and extraordinary thinker G. Zanabazar (1635–1723), whose criation predetermined the development of Buddhism and the entire course of events in Mongolia. The cult practice of Maitreya as one of the heroes of the bodhisattvas and as the Buddha of the Future among the Mongolian peoples arose under the decisive necessity of the first rituals performed under the influence of Undur-Gegen in the Erdene-Zuu monastery in 1657. Ritual meetings of the Buddha or Maitreya's cycle have become one of the most beloved, very colorful and festive events in the large-scale life of the most important Buddhist monasteries. The divine image of a beautiful, young yogi with the image of a stupa in his hair, an antelope skin on his left shoulder, a jug of sacred water and a gesture of preaching the teaching and at the same time granting protection, a noble Zanabazar, distinguished by elegances and nobility, and very close in style and spirit to the best works by Nepalese masters of the XI–XIV centuries. The sculpture of the standing bodhisattva Maitreya, 72 cm high, made by Undur-Gegen Zanabazar, is one of the main shrines of the capital's biggest Gandantegchenling Monastery. The rarest painting, the thangka of Maitreya Zanabazar, is found in the G. Zanabazar Fine Arts Museum in Ulaanbaatar. The second type of image of Maitreya is the crowned Buddha, sitting in bhadraasana on a high seat, also widespread in Tibeto-Mongolian Buddhism, and one of them is located in the Choijin Lama Museum-Temple in Ulaanbaatar, it belongs to the Zanabazar’s school. In this article, for the first time, a detailed description of the works by Zanabazar associated with to the cult of Maitreya is made.