bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and performance of Bachaur cattle in the Gangetic plains of North Bihar
Authors: CHANDRAN P C , DEY A , BARARI S K , KAMAL REENA , BHATT B P , PRASAD R E
Published: November 2023

A field study was undertaken in 53 villages belonging to 5 blocks of Sitamarhi district of Bihar to study the morphometric and performance traits of Bachaur cattle in its breeding tract. Animals (752) of both sexes belonging to different age groups were studied. The study revealed that in Bachaur cattle, a small size breed, the height at withers, body length and chest girth were 119.23±0.47 cm, 116.99±0.48 cm and 150.88±0.55 cm in adult males and 112.53±0.25 cm, 109.71±0.25 cm and 140.46±0.32 cm in adult females, respectively. The estimated body weights of Bachaur cattle were 246.76±2.42 kg in adult males and 200.55±1.32 kg in adult females. Among the draught breeds of India, the Bachaur cows were reasonably good milkers with an average lactation yield of 752.10±5.82 kg and peak yield of 4.70±0.07 kg/ day. The breed is reported to be regular in reproduction cycle with the age at first calving and calving interval of 31.55±0.35 months and 14.44±0.22 months, respectively in its breeding tract. Bachaur cattle fulfilled the livelihood requirement of cattle farmers in the breeding tract by its draught power to a greater extent and by milk and dung to a smaller extent. The strategies for improving the performance of the cattle are discussed.
Relative efficiency of part lactation records in selection of Sahiwal sires
Authors: RAJA T V , GANDHI R S
Published: November 2023

The data on 586 Sahiwal daughters born to 50 Sahiwal sires maintained at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal over a period of 47 years (1961–2007) were analyzed to estimate heritability and genetic correlations among first lactation 305-day milk yield (FL305DMY) and different part lactation records. The relative efficiency of sire selection based on part lactation records was also estimated. The genetic parameters, viz. heritability, genetic correlations were estimated after adjusting the data for various significant non-genetic effects. The heritability estimates were moderately high for the first four individual monthly part yields and for later months the estimates were low and not significantly different from zero. The heritability estimates for cumulative 60, 90 and 120 days were found to be statistically significant. The genetic correlations between FL305DMY and different part lactation yields were high and statistically highly significant. The relative efficiency estimates showed that selection based on individual third month yield was at least 89% as effective as on the basis of FL305DMY; while cumulative 90 days milk yield was effective by 79%. It was inferred that the selection of sires could be done with a considerable degree of efficiency on the basis of early part lactation yields especially the third month milk yield and or cumulative monthly yield up to 90 days.
Detection of major mastitis pathogens by multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay in buffalo milk
Authors: CHARAYA GAURAV , SHARMA ANSHU , KUMAR ASHOK , GOEL PARVEEN , SINGH MAHAVIR
Published: November 2023

In the present study multiplex PCR assay was standardized for simultaneous detection of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae and Escherichia coli associated with mastitis. The target sequence 16S to 23S rRNA inter spacer regions was used. Primers used were chosen to have approximately same Tm value, common annealing temperature and easily differentiable specific amplified products. The performance of the assay was examined on 92 milk samples collected from subclinically and clinically infected buffaloes and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of multiplex PCR was compared with culture examination. Out of total milk samples, 16 were diagnosed for mixed infections of Staphylococcus aureus + S. dysgalactiae (43.75%), S. aureus + S. agalactiae(12.5%), S. aureus + E. coli (25%), S. dysgalactiae + E. coli (12.5%) and S. aureus + S. dysgalactiae + E. coli (6.25%). Multiplex PCR assay was more promising option than culture methods. Milk culture method is cumbersome and more time consuming and it may yield no bacteria due to the presence of very low number of pathogens or due to residual therapeutic antibiotics concentration in milk. The assay has an added advantage over simplex PCR that it can simultaneous detect and type different species of bacteria. Multiplex PCR assay is rapid, sensitive and specific assay which can be used as a routine diagnostic tool to detect major mastitis pathogens.
Lactate dehydrogenase as a possible indicator of reproductive capacity of boars
Authors: SOPKOVA D , ANDREJCAKOVA Z , VLCKOVA R , DANISOVA O , SUPUKA P , ONDRASOVICOVA S , PETRILLA V
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and its isoenzymes in the blood serum and seminal plasma of boars from the breeding and insemination centre with regard to their age. Significant quantitative differences in the presence of isoenzymes between blood serum and seminal plasma were recorded. Isoenzyme LDH-C4 in the seminal plasma of breeding boars of both groups was identified in the position between the third and fourth fraction of LDH, although boars from the breeding centre showed significantly lower concentrations. Refrigeration had a negative influence on the activity of LDH isoenzymes in the blood serum after 7 days and in seminal plasma after 3 days of storage. The work extends the knowledge in an insufficiently examined field of veterinary medicine: the distribution and physiological function of LDH in boars focusing on isoenzyme LDH-C4 in seminal plasma.
Sequence characterization and expression analysis of mammary gland derived osteopontin gene of river buffalo
Authors: DUBEY P K , GOYAL S , MISHRA S K , MUKESH M , MISHRA B P , KATARIA R S
Published: November 2023

Sequencing of RT-PCR amplified osteopontin (OPN) gene of buffalo mammary gland revealed its ORF to be of 843 nucleotides, coding for 280 amino acids long protein. Sequence comparison with cattle, sheep and pig showed 4 buffalo specific nucleotide changes. Two additional triplet nucleotides 273ACG275 and 681CAA683 in buffalo OPN as compared to cattle resulted in insertion of 2 amino acids N95 and N227. Phylogenetic analysis based on both nucleotides and amino acids sequence showed buffalo grouping more close to cattle and pig being placed most distantly from other 3 livestock species. Most of functional domains were conserved in buffalo OPN except that one of the 4 chymosin cleavage sites reported in cattle was missing in buffalo. Expression analysis of osteopontin gene by real-time PCR revealed approximately 5 fold increase in lactating buffalo mammary gland as compared to non lactating, indicating its importance in milk production.
Offences in the sphere of virtual assets turnover and analysis of their qualification
Authors: Rafalskyi Maksym
Published: November 2023

With the advent of new forms of interaction, virtual goods and services, a new field for committing offences in the field of virtual assets turnover is emerging. This encourages scientists and law enforcement agencies to actively research this area and develop effective mechanisms to respond to emerging challenges that have not yet been properly reflected in legislation. The purpose of this study was to explore the issue in depth by analysing specific offences related to virtual assets, including but not limited to theft, fraud, corruption, and tax evasion. The methods of scientific cognition employed for the study include analysis of legal regulation, modelling methods, analogies, systemic and structural, comparative legal, as well as methods of scientific abstraction and generalisation. Based on the results of the study, the study identified the main types of offences in the field of virtual assets and unifies them. The study identified the shortcomings in the current legal regulation that contribute to these problems. Proposals were formulated for amendments to the Criminal Code of Ukraine regarding the qualification of new types of offences committed in the field of virtual assets turnover based on research of current trends, international practices, and analysis of the current state of Ukrainian legislation. The study also showed that the available legal instruments often fail to ensure adequate detection and prosecution of new forms of offences, which makes it necessary to reform legislation to adapt to the current dynamic environment. The practical significance of this study was to identify the current problems of legal regulation of the circulation of virtual assets, and to develop recommendations for improving the qualification of offences in this area
Combining ability for seed yield and its component traits in castor (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: R B MADARIYA  , M S CHAUDHARI  , K L DOBARIYA
Published: November 2023

Combining ability analysis was carried out using five pistillate lines as female and 13 monoecious lines as malefor seed yield and component traits in castor. The result indicated that both gca and sca variances were important in the expression of all the traits. Non-additive gene action was predominant for seed yield and oil content, while additive gene action was more important in the expression of length of main spike, number of capsules on main spike, number of effective spikes/plant and 100-seed weight. Three pistillate lines, JP-96, JP-106 and SKP-84 and five male lines, JI454, JI-455, JI-456 and JI-457 were good general combiners for yield and its contributing traits.
Character association and path analysis studies for yield and morpho-biochemical characters in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: A M MISAL  , V G SONAWANE  , P L TAVADARE  , D G SHINDE
Published: November 2023

The present investigation studies the extent of correlation among morpho-biochemical characters in 18 groundnut genotypes including three checks. The interrelationships were negative and significant for phenol content with leaf thickness and total sugar, whereas, positive and significant with trichome frequency and leaf water content. Trichome frequency, leaf thickness and jassid incidence exerted negative direct effect on pod yield at genotypic level. The components viz., trichome frequency through total sugar and thrips incidence; leaf thickness through SCMR, leaf water content, phenol content and total sugar; jassid incidence through leaf water content, SCMR, phenol content and leaf thickness exerted maximum negative indirect effect on pod yield.
Early rosette mutant plants of safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.)
Authors: RAJEEV SHRIVASTAVA  , S MONDAL
Published: November 2023

Many high yielding safflower varieties with maturity duration of 140-145 days or more have rosette periodranging from 22-40 days. It was thought to convert high yielding varieties of safflower in to less rosette periodgenotypes, without reducing yield and oil content. For this if hybridization were applied it affects many other important traits. Therefore, in high yielding varieties/genotypes radiation were applied to create variation and genotypes with reduced rosette period. The mutants with less rosette period as compare to normal genotypes were selected in M2 generation and tested for their stability in M3 generation. In present study in A-1 and other genotypes, mutants were obtained having 15-20days less rosette than normal genotypes.
Development of random mating population for genetic enhancement of yield traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: H P MEENA  , PRADUMAN YADAV  , LAKSHMI PRAYAGA  , A VISHNUVARDHAN REDDY
Published: November 2023

As in any crop, in sunflower, to develop improved breeding lines having superior yield, oil content and resistantto biotic and abiotic stresses, it is essential to have genetically diverse parental lines. In this study, we used six trait specific inbred lines and allowed random mating in isolation. Through population improvement a total of 150 new restorer lines have been developed. Significant variation was observed for different traits among the lines studied. The progenies RGP-11-P1-S2 (39.89%), RGP-58-P4-S2 (39.31%), RGP-58-P4-S1-1 (39.31%) were promising for oil content. RGP-58-P4-S2 (32.1 g/plant), RGP-85-P1-S1 (31.3 g/plant), RGP-85-P1 (30.1 g/plant) for high seed yield. Based on survival under stress condition, the progenies RGP-21-P5, RGP-21-P6, RGP-32-P1 and RGP-61-P2 were identified as best genotypes under moisture stress conditions. RGP-21-P4-S1-3 and RGP-50-P2-S1 were completely free from powdery mildew.
Assessment of combining ability with elite genotypes in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) by half diallel mating design
Authors: S J SONAWANE  , P B WADIKAR  , ANJALI TALAPE
Published: November 2023

The present investigation was undertaken with the objective of studying the extent of heterosis and to estimategeneral and specific combining ability effects in 28 hybrids of sesamum obtained by crossing 8 x 8 genotypes in half diallel fashion. The analysis of variance revealed that significant differences among treatments, parents, hybrids and parents v/s hybrids for all characters except days to maturity and capsule width. Among parents, LOCAL and G-1 was good general combiners for seed yield/plant. Considering both per se and GCA effect, the parents LOCAL and AKT306 were the best. The highest SCA effect for seed yield/plant was exhibited by cross G-1 x IC-204025 along with superior SCA effect for plant height, number capsule/plant and seed/capsule. The crosses AKT-306 x YLM-17 and LOCAL x AKT-101 with significant SCA effects indicated the predominace of additive gene action for seed yield hence progeny selection in the segregating generation is more useful.
Transgressive segregation for high shelling percentage in summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: N D SARODE  , V L AMOLIC  , S V PAWAR
Published: November 2023

The present investigation on transgressive segregation for high shelling percentage in summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) was undertaken to study eight characters. The crosses were evaluated during summer, 2017, in a randomized block design with three replications. Observations were recorded on number of mature pods/plant, dry pod yield/plant (g), dry haulm yield/plant (g), 100- kernel weight (g), shelling outturn (%), oil (%) and protein (%) contents, sound mature kernel (%). On the basis of performance of transgressive segregants, it was concluded that, transgressive breeding can be successfully used to extend the limit of expression of traits. This could be possible by accumulation of favourable genes in hybrid derivatives from both parents involved in hybridization. The superior segregants may be identified as improved varieties after adequate evaluation or used in future breeding programme for amalgamation of desired genetic constellations.
Effect of hydro-priming on imbibition rates in oilseed crops
Authors: Y N PRIYA REDDY  , V K DESHPANDE
Published: November 2023

Laboratory experiment was conducted to study the rate of imbibition in major oilseed crops (groundnut, sunflowerand soybean) which would be useful in seed hardening process. Imbibition of 30 to 35% would be ideal for normalseed germination and this was achieved by 3 to 4 h (groundnut), 2 h (sunflower) and 1 to 2 h (soybean) after soaking.
Effect of different plant extracts on growth indices of tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura) on soybean under laboratory conditions
Authors: NAVYA MATCHA  , A K BHOWMICK
Published: November 2023

Spodoptera litura (F.) is a polyphagous insect among which soybean is one of its hosts. Six different botanicalsi.e., three plant extracts (Datura leaf extract, Marigold leaf extract and Annona leaf extract) and three plant oils (Neem oil, Eucalyptus oil and Karanj oil) were used by preparing 5% aqueous solutions. Soybean leaves were treated with botanicals by leaf dip method and fed to prestarved second instar larvae and further studied their growth indices. The results indicated that Eucalyptus oil showed least larval index (0.45 in 3rd instar, 0.47 in 4th instar, 0.58 in 5th instar, 0.51 in 6th instar and 0.61 in pre-pupa), pupal index (0.44), adult index (only in case of males as 0.52) and lowest oviposition index (0.20). While, neem oil showed least adult index in females (0.82) and lowest total growth index (2.29).
The Support of History Subject in Improving Reading Literacy among Students at State Senior High School 3 Pematangsiantar
Authors: Hasugian Jalatua Habungaran , Damanik Robinson
Published: November 2023

This research discusses the reading literacy mentoring for students at SMA Negeri 3 Pematangsiantar through the history subject. The low interest in reading among students in Indonesia can lead to stagnant educational quality. The mentoring program includes strategies such as integrating reading literacy into history lessons, providing relevant reading materials, using active learning techniques, involving the local community, mentoring students, and utilizing digital technology. Despite challenges such as limited resources and low reading interest, this mentoring program aims to improve students' reading skills and enhance their understanding of history.
Analisis Kecepatan, Kelincahan dan Daya Tahan Pemain Sepak Bola di Klub Sukodono FC
Authors: Umam Khoirul , Anam Khoiril
Published: November 2023

This article aims to find out the speed, agility and endurance of the Sukodono FC football players. This research method uses quantitative methods with a survey design and descriptive methods. The instruments used in this study were the 30 meter Sprint test for speed, the Illinois Agility Run test for agility and the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT) test for endurance. The results of this study indicate that the physical condition of the soccer players for the Sukodono FC club is in the very poor and good category with a result of 43%. Meanwhile, based on the agility test obtained, it shows that the physical condition of the Sukodono FC club football players is in the good category with a result of 37%. Finally, based on the endurance test obtained, it shows that the physical condition of the Sukodono FC club football players is in the moderate category with a result of 45%.
Bacteremia with Multi-drug Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria in Pediatrics and Its Correlation with COVID-19
Authors: Almasian Tehrani Nasim , Alebouyeh Masoud , Azimi Leila , Jabbari Shahriar , Mokhtari Bayekolaei Reza , Azimi Taher , Ghandchi Ghazaleh , Maham Saeed , Fallah Fatemeh
Published: November 2023

Background: Bloodstream infection with multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria has been introduced as the main risk factor for in-hospital mortality in vulnerable children worldwide. COVID-19 can complicate the treatment process in patients with bacteremia; however, data about this co-infection in children are scant. Objectives: This was a study on the antimicrobial patterns of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) isolated from blood samples of children with bacteremia and their correlation with COVID-19. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, blood samples of children with bacteremia were analyzed using BACTEC bottles. The bacterial isolates were characterized based on standard microbiology laboratory methods, and MDR strains were detected based on a standard protocol. Real-time PCR tests for COVID-19 were recorded from the patients’ hospital documents. Results: A total of 255 positive blood samples were detected in children with bacteremia. The bacterial isolates included Enterobacteriaceae spp. 43.5% (111/255), Pseudomonas spp. 33.7% (86/255), Acinetobacter spp. 21.6% (55/255), and Stenotrophomonas spp. 1.2% (3/255). Of 255 GNB, 86.66% (221/255) were MDR, and the frequency of MDR strains was as follows: Enterobacteriaceae spp. 91.8% (102/111), Pseudomonas spp. 77.9% (67/86), Acinetobacter spp. 89% (49/55), and Stenotrophomonas spp. 100% (3/3). Of 255 children with GNB-related bacteremia, COVID-19 infection was confirmed in 25.1% (64/255) of them. Nearly 93.7% (60/64) of these patients had both MDR bacteremia and COVID-19. The correlation was significant between MDR bacteremia and COVID-19 (P-value = 0.002). The death rate was 43.33% (26/60) among these children. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that MDR-GNB was the main cause of bacteremia in children. Our findings showed a notable risk of concomitant COVID-19 and GNB-related bacteremia in these patients.
Reduced Anticancer Potency of Carboplatin in the Presence of Sialic Acid in SH-SY5Y Cells
Authors: Abo-Abdolah Doa , Galehdari Hamid , Shafiei Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid childhood tumor with aggressive behavior and a high mortality rate. Multiple therapeutic approaches have been developed and applied to treat neuroblastoma, but resistance to therapies is inevitable, leading to treatment failure and cancer relapse. Therefore, perceiving the mechanisms of reduced drug sensitivity seems appropriate and promising in NB treatment to determine synergistic effects strategies like combination therapy. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the modulation effect of the therapeutic efficacy of carboplatin (a chemotherapeutic agent) by co-administration of sialic acid (an alpha-keto acid sugar with a 9-carbon backbone located at the outermost end of N-linked and O-linked carbohydrate chains and in lipid-associated glycoconjugates showing aberrant expression in tumor cells caused tumor-genesis) in NB cells. Methods: In the present study, the effects of sialic acid, carboplatin, and Sia-Carbo (sialic acid in combination with carboplatin) were evaluated on viability and apoptosis using the determination of EC50 and IC50. Also, the capability of metastasis and apoptosis were assessed using real-time PCR. Moreover, the expression of MRP-1 encoded by ABCC1 (as a target for therapeutic suppression in high-risk neuroblastoma) was studied in different treatment groups. Conclusions: Regarding IC50 increasing carboplatin in the presence of sialic acid, the results showed that sialic acid treatment significantly modulated carboplatin's effect on cell apoptosis and induced ABCC1 expression. These findings show that sialic acid metabolic engineering can be a good approach to neuroblastoma therapy. It was suggested that targeting aberrant sialylation in combination with carboplatin exerts more profound apoptotic and anticancer effects on the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line than carboplatin monotherapy.
Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Corticosteroid Pulse Therapy in Alopecia Areata
Authors: Rastaghi Fatemeh , Kaveh Roxana , Yazdanpanah Nazafarin , Sahaf Akram-Sadat , Ahramiyanpour Najmeh
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Alopecia areata (AA) is a non-scarring, autoimmune hair loss disorder, varying in severity from small round hairless patches to the total loss of scalp or body hair. Steroid pulse therapy outcomes for AA vary.
Objective: This study aimed to review the related literature regarding the efficacy, relapse rates, side effects, and prognostic factors associated with the response to different pulse corticosteroid treatments.
Methods: The terms "pulse steroid therapy AND alopecia areata" and "pulse corticosteroid therapy AND alopecia areata" were searched on PubMed and Google Scholar.
Results: A total of 24 articles were assessed. There was no difference in outcomes and side effects between intravenous and oral pulse corticosteroid therapy. The relapse rate and efficacy depended on the time of AA onset, age, and type: improved outcomes and decreased relapse were linked with recent onset (<6 months), younger age (<10 years), and the multifocal type. Patients with a past medical history of atopy, nail pitting, or thyroid disease and those with severe forms of AA, like alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis, had the least improvement.
 Conclusion: Pulse corticosteroids effectively induce hair regrowth in AA. Betamethasone seems to be the most effective agent (followed by intramuscular triamcinolone), especially in severe cases, but more side effects may accompany it. Combining this agent with other medications can reduce the dosage and side effects. Pulses of prednisolone and methylprednisolone are less effective but safer, as they have low relapse rates and adverse effects. A combination of them with other drugs can increase their efficacy.
Asuhan Keperawatan Keluarga Tn. S dengan Gizi Kurang pada An. M Di Desa Sidamulya Rt.06 Rw.03 Kecamatan Astanajapura Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sidamulya Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Yuliarsih Lilis , Mauliah Maftuhatul
Published: November 2023

Berdasarkan data dari puskesmas sidamulya kabupaten cirebon angka kejadian gizi kurang selama 6 bulan terakhir tahun 2016-2017 kejadian terbanyak terjadi di desa munjul dengan jumlah 73 orang, sehingga penulis tertarik untuk melakukan asuhan keperawatan pada keluarga dengan gizi kurang. Penulisan karya tulis ilmiah ini bertujuan agar keluarga mampu melaksanakan asuhan keperawatan secara langsung dan komprehensif dengan masalah gizi kurang pada anak meliputi aspek bio-psiko-sosial dan spiritual dengan pendekatan proses keperawatan. Gizi kurang adalah gangguan kesehatan akibat kekurangan atau ketidak seimbangan zat gizi yang diperlukan untuk pertumbuhan, aktifitas berfikir dan semua hal yang berhubungan dengan kehidupan. Penulis memperoleh data dari keluarga Tn.S dengan cara metode deskriptif yaitu wawancara, observasi, studi dokumentasi, dan pemeriksaan fisik. Diagnosa keperawatan yang muncul pada kasus ini adalah gangguan pemenuhan nutrisi kurang dari kebutuhan berhubungan dengan ketidakmampuan keluarga dalam merawat anggota keluarga yang sakit. Implementasi yang dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang gizi kurang yaitu pengertian, penyebab, tanda dan gejala, pencegahan dan akibat. Hasil evaluasi yang didapat masalah teratasi sebagian. Penulis menindak lanjuti kepada pihak keluaraga serta puskesmas untuk dapat melanjutkan asuhan keperawatan keluarga Tn.S dengan gizi kurang dengan harapan dapat meningkatkan status kesehatan keluarga Tn. S.
Nuevos datos para la brioflora del centro de Cataluña
Authors: Montserrat Brugués , Elena Ruiz , Rosa María Cros
Published: November 2023

Se aportan nuevas citas de briófitos procedentes de algunas comarcas del centro de Cataluña con pocos datos biológicos.

New bryophyte records from some areas of central Catalonia (NE Spain) poorly prospected are provided.
The bryophyte flora of Sierra Calderona (Valencia and Castellón provinces, eastern Spain)
Authors: Segarra-Moragues José Gabriel , Puche Felisa
Published: November 2023

1736 samples from 64 localities included in an area of 400 km 2 from Sierra Calderona have been studied. The bryophyte flora of these mountains consists of 222 taxa of which 42 (18.9%) are liverworts and 180 (81.1%) are mosses. Our study reports 28 chorological novelties including Petalophyllum ralfsii, which is new to mainland Spain, the first confirmed Iberian report of Riccia canaliculata, two populations of Cephaloziella integerrima, until now only known from one locality in northern Spain, and Chenia ruigtevleia, until now considered endemic to South Africa and recently reported from this territory. The bryophyte diversity of the Calderona Mountain Range is outstanding when compared to the regional species list of the Valencian Community and to other coastal mountain ranges. The sampled area corresponding to only 1.72% of the Valencian Community territory includes 48.8% of the liverworts and 51.4% of the mosses reported for that territory. Sierra Calderona includes 73 (32.9%) bryophyte taxa not represented in the two other coastal mountain ranges being compared, and constitutes an important reservoir for rare and threatened species.

Se han estudiado 1736 muestras procedentes de 64 localidades en un área de 400 km2 en la sierra Calderona. La flora briofítica de estas montañas incluye 222 taxones de los cuales 42 (18.9%) son hepáticas y 180 (81.1%) son musgos. Nuestro estudio muestra 28 novedades corológicas incluyendo: Petalophyllum ralfsii, nuevo en el territorio peninsular español, la primera cita peninsular confirmada de Riccia canaliculata, dos poblaciones de Cephaloziella integerrima hasta ahora sólo conocida en dos localidades en España, así como Chenia ruigtevleia, hasta ahora endémica de Sudáfrica y recientemente citada en este territorio. La diversidad de los briófitos de la Sierra Calderona es notable en comparación con la lista regional de especies de la Comunidad Valenciana y otras cordilleras costeras. El área muestreada, que corresponde a sólo el 1.72% del territorio de la Comunidad Valenciana, incluye 48.8% y 51.4% de los musgos y hepáticas citadas para este territorio. Su flora presenta 73 (32.9%) taxones de briófitos no representados en los otros dos sistemas montañosos costeros comparados, y representa un importante reservorio de especies raras y amenazadas.
Continuability of solutions to fractional differential equations
Authors: Bartusek Miroslav
Published: November 2023

This article concerns the Caputo fractional differential equation $$ {}^{c}\!D_a^\alpha x ^{[n-1]} (t) = f(t, x(t)) + e(t), \quad n\geq 2 $$ where \(x ^{[n-1]}\) is the quasiderivative of x of order (n-1) and \({}^{c}\!D_a^\alpha\) is the Caputo derivative of the order \(\alpha\in (0,1)\). We study the continuability and noncontinuability of solutions.

For more information see https://ejde.math.txstate.edu/Volumes/2020/128/abstr.html
How Egypt is Switching to a Circular Economy: Building climate resilience and resource efficiency
Authors:   United Nations Environment Programme
Published: November 2023

Egypt’s NAP was based upon its 2013 Green Economy Scoping Study, which assessed the potential for a transition to a green and more sustainable economy. The NAP is considered a significant milestone on the road to integrating sustainability into key economic sectors. The plan aims to achieve SCP by promoting the efficient allocation and use of water and energy, sustainable agriculture and waste management, with a focus on waste reduction, recover, re-use and recycling.
Reputation and status in Denmark’s strategic culture
Authors: Belukhin Nikita E. , Vorotnikov Vladislav V. , Dianina Svetlana Y.
Published: November 2023

The primary objective of the article is to evaluate the significance of status and allied reputation within Denmark’s strategic culture. Amongst Danish international relations scholars, there is a well-established notion that one of the key motivations for the use of military force in Danish foreign policy was the aspiration to cultivate special relations with the United States and achieve the status of a privileged ally. This status would confirm guarantees for Denmark’s national security, provide the country with an opportunity for distinctive influence in decision-making and agenda-setting in NATO, the EU, and transatlantic cooperation. A qualitative content analysis of the 2017—2018, 2019—2020 and 2022 Danish foreign policy strategies was carried out to determine the effect of such expert perceptions on the texts of the guiding foreign policy documents. The analysis highlighted and confirmed the ‘super Atlanticism’ tendencies in Denmark’s contemporary strategic culture, revealing its close ties with the Danish perception of the US as the safeguard for the liberal world order and associated multilateral institutions. Denmark’s value-driven militarised foreign political activism in the post-Cold War era is thus not only pragmatic but also ideological as it seeks to promote liberal values, democracy and human rights under American leadership. The article concludes that factoring in status and reputation in strategic culture studies may complement the explanations of security community formation, alliance strategies and the dynamics behind relations within different types of alliances.
Fermi convolution and variance function
Authors:   Jouf University, College of Science and Arts in Gurayat, Department of Mathematics, Gurayat, Saudi Arabia, FAKHFAKH Raouf
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we determine the effect of the Fermi convolution power on the variance function of a Cauchy-Stieltjes Kernel (CSK) family. We then use the criteria of convergence for a sequence of variance functions to give an approximation of elements of the CSK family generated by the Fermi Poisson distribution.
Study of solar cells structures based on perovskite and nanoparticles
Authors:   Islamic University of Gaza, Physics Department, P.O.Box 108, Gaza Strip, Palestine, ELBLBEISI Mahassen H. , SHABAT Mohammed M. ,   Northumbria University, Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
Published: November 2023

Researchers and scientists working in the field of energy conversion have become interested in the rapidly developing new class of solar cells based on mixed organic-inorganic halide perovskite semiconductors over the past few years. Here we study the transmission of assumed solar cell structures based on nanoparticles and CH3NH3PbI3, CH3NH3PbBr3, and CH3NH3PbI2Br perovskite types by using the transfer matrix method (TMM). We found that as the nanoparticle volume fraction increases, the transmission decreases. Cells doped with aluminum nanoparticles showed the best transmission values. And transmission values in all wavelength ranges are better than those in the range of approximately (300-500).
Una aproximación dialógica a la supervisión de la psicoterapia de personalidades disfuncionales
Authors: Mirapeix Carlos
Published: November 2023

El modelo presentado está inspirado en una concepción del self dialógico que tiene la característica de estar compuesto por distintas posibilidades de manifestación. Basado en una concepción dialógica del self, entendido desde una dialéctica de la unicidad versus multiplicidad, tiene sus raíces en el análisis de secuencias dialógicas de la psicoterapia cognitivo analítica. Esta multiplicidad llámese posiciones del yo, estados del self, o sub-personalidades; todas ellas, vienen caracterizadas por tener su propia historia de desarrollo en el individuo y caracterizarse por tener una narrativa con una voz propia. En todo ello, resulta fundamental el papel de la metaobservación de los procesos intrapsíquicos e interpersonales. Entender la personalidad disfuncional desde esta perspectiva, es un modelo transteórico que puede ser utilizado en el trabajo clínico y en la supervisión de terapeutas que trabajen con diferentes modelos de psicoterapia. El trabajo de la supervisión está focalizado en contribuir a ir desentrañando la complejidad del discurso del paciente, del terapeuta y del supervisor y los distintos niveles de superposición entre dichos discursos y los diferentes personajes que habitan en cada uno de los participantes en el proceso de tratamiento y de supervisión clínica. Se ilustra con un caso clínico.

iente, del terapeuta y del supervisor.
Engaging Young Minds: A Novel Approach to E-Learning in STEM Subjects
Authors: Ukala Azunka , Ukala Chinyere C , Thomas Martin , Ogbodo Eugene
Published: November 2023

E-learning in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) disciplines presents unique challenges in fostering engagement and comprehension, particularly among younger learners (11 years and above). Traditional e-learning approaches that foreground theoretical understanding prior to practical application often result in reduced learner engagement due to high abstraction levels (Clark & Mayer, 2016). This paper proposes an innovative pedagogical approach: begin with simple, hands-on tasks to pique interest and foster engagement, gradually integrating complex theoretical concepts (Papert, 1980). It explores how interactive technology, when designed for understanding rather than aesthetics, aids in visualising and manipulating STEM concepts. However, the paper acknowledges the limitations of current technology in replicating tactile real-life experiences (Shaer & Hornecker, 2010). It argues for the development of immersive e-learning models combining practical learning and interactive technology, to inspire young learners towards further STEM education. The paper invites collaborations to explore these proposed strategies and transform STEM e-learning.
Experimentally induced active and quiet sleep engage non-overlapping transcriptional programs in Drosophila
Authors: Anthoney Niki , Tainton-Heap Lucy , Luong Hang , Notaras Eleni , Kewin Amber B , Zhao Qiongyi , Perry Trent , Batterham Philip , Shaw Paul J , van Swinderen Bruno
Published: November 2023

Sleep in mammals can be broadly classified into two different physiological categories: rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and slow-wave sleep (SWS), and accordingly REM and SWS are thought to achieve a different set of functions. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is increasingly being used as a model to understand sleep functions, although it remains unclear if the fly brain also engages in different kinds of sleep as well. Here, we compare two commonly used approaches for studying sleep experimentally in Drosophila: optogenetic activation of sleep-promoting neurons and provision of a sleep-promoting drug, gaboxadol. We find that these different sleep-induction methods have similar effects on increasing sleep duration, but divergent effects on brain activity. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that drug-induced deep sleep (‘quiet’ sleep) mostly downregulates metabolism genes, whereas optogenetic ‘active’ sleep upregulates a wide range of genes relevant to normal waking functions. This suggests that optogenetics and pharmacological induction of sleep in Drosophila promote different features of sleep, which engage different sets of genes to achieve their respective functions.
Structural basis of EHEP-mediated offense against phlorotannin-induced defense from brown algae to protect akuBGL activity
Authors: Sun Xiaomei , Ye Yuxin , Sakurai Naofumi , Wang Hang , Kato Koji , Yu Jian , Yuasa Keizo , Tsuji Akihiko , Yao Min
Published: November 2023

The defensive–offensive associations between algae and herbivores determine marine ecology. Brown algae utilize phlorotannin as their chemical defense against the predator Aplysia kurodai, which uses β-glucosidase (akuBGL) to digest the laminarin in algae into glucose. Moreover, A. kurodai employs Eisenia hydrolysis-enhancing protein (EHEP) as an offense to protect akuBGL activity from phlorotannin inhibition by precipitating phlorotannin. To underpin the molecular mechanism of this digestive–defensive–offensive system, we determined the structures of the apo and tannic acid (TNA, a phlorotannin analog) bound forms of EHEP, as well as the apo akuBGL. EHEP consisted of three peritrophin-A domains arranged in a triangular shape and bound TNA in the center without significant conformational changes. Structural comparison between EHEP and EHEP–TNA led us to find that EHEP can be resolubilized from phlorotannin precipitation at an alkaline pH, which reflects a requirement in the digestive tract. akuBGL contained two GH1 domains, only one of which conserved the active site. Combining docking analysis, we propose the mechanisms by which phlorotannin inhibits akuBGL by occupying the substrate-binding pocket, and EHEP protects akuBGL against this inhibition by binding with phlorotannin to free the akuBGL pocket.
Circulating platelets modulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation during remyelination
Authors: Philp Amber R , Reyes Carolina R , Mansilla Josselyne , Sharma Amar , Zhao Chao , Valenzuela-Krugmann Carlos , Rawji Khalil S , Gonzalez Martinez Ginez A , Dimas Penelope , Hinrichsen Bryan , Ulloa-Leal César , Waller Amie K , Bessa de Sousa Diana M , Castro Maite A , Aigner Ludwig , Ehrenfeld Pamela , Silva Maria Elena , Kazanis Ilias , Ghevaert Cedric , Franklin Robin JM , Rivera Francisco J
Published: November 2023

Revealing unknown cues that regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) function in remyelination is important to optimise the development of regenerative therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS). Platelets are present in chronic non-remyelinated lesions of MS and an increase in circulating platelets has been described in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, an animal model for MS. However, the contribution of platelets to remyelination remains unexplored. Here we show platelet aggregation in proximity to OPCs in areas of experimental demyelination. Partial depletion of circulating platelets impaired OPC differentiation and remyelination, without altering blood-brain barrier stability and neuroinflammation. Transient exposure to platelets enhanced OPC differentiation in vitro, whereas sustained exposure suppressed this effect. In a mouse model of thrombocytosis (Calr+/-), there was a sustained increase in platelet aggregation together with a reduction of newly-generated oligodendrocytes following toxin-induced demyelination. These findings reveal a complex bimodal contribution of platelet to remyelination and provide insights into remyelination failure in MS.
β-catenin inhibition disrupts the homeostasis of osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation leading to the development of glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Xia Chenjie , Xu Huihui , Fang Liang , Chen Jiali , Yuan Wenhua , Fu Danqing , Wang Xucheng , He Bangjian , Xiao Luwei , Wu Chengliang , Tong Peijian , Chen Di , Wang Pinger , Jin Hongting
Published: November 2023

Glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (GONFH) is a common refractory joint disease characterized by bone damage and the collapse of femoral head structure. However, the exact pathological mechanisms of GONFH remain unknown. Here, we observed abnormal osteogenesis and adipogenesis associated with decreased β-catenin in the necrotic femoral head of GONFH patients. In vivo and in vitro studies further revealed that glucocorticoid exposure disrupted osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) by inhibiting β-catenin signaling in glucocorticoid-induced GONFH rats. Col2+ lineage largely contributes to BMSCs and was found an osteogenic commitment in the femoral head through 9 mo of lineage trace. Specific deletion of β-catenin gene (Ctnnb1) in Col2+ cells shifted their commitment from osteoblasts to adipocytes, leading to a full spectrum of disease phenotype of GONFH in adult mice. Overall, we uncover that β-catenin inhibition disrupting the homeostasis of osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation contributes to the development of GONFH and identify an ideal genetic-modified mouse model of GONFH.
Endogenous tagging using split mNeonGreen in human iPSCs for live imaging studies
Authors: Husser Mathieu C , Pham Nhat P , Law Chris , Araujo Flavia RB , Martin Vincent JJ , Piekny Alisa
Published: November 2023

Endogenous tags have become invaluable tools to visualize and study native proteins in live cells. However, generating human cell lines carrying endogenous tags is difficult due to the low efficiency of homology-directed repair. Recently, an engineered split mNeonGreen protein was used to generate a large-scale endogenous tag library in HEK293 cells. Using split mNeonGreen for large-scale endogenous tagging in human iPSCs would open the door to studying protein function in healthy cells and across differentiated cell types. We engineered an iPS cell line to express the large fragment of the split mNeonGreen protein (mNG21-10) and showed that it enables fast and efficient endogenous tagging of proteins with the short fragment (mNG211). We also demonstrate that neural network-based image restoration enables live imaging studies of highly dynamic cellular processes such as cytokinesis in iPSCs. This work represents the first step towards a genome-wide endogenous tag library in human stem cells.
A lightweight speech recognition method with target-swap knowledge distillation for Mandarin air traffic control communications
Authors: Ren Jin , Yang Shunzhi , Shi Yihua , Yang Jinfeng
Published: November 2023

Miscommunications between air traffic controllers (ATCOs) and pilots in air traffic control (ATC) may lead to catastrophic aviation accidents. Thanks to advances in speech and language processing, automatic speech recognition (ASR) is an appealing approach to prevent misunderstandings. To allow ATCOs and pilots sufficient time to respond instantly and effectively, the ASR systems for ATC must have both superior recognition performance and low transcription latency. However, most existing ASR works for ATC are primarily concerned with recognition performance while paying little attention to recognition speed, which motivates the research in this article. To address this issue, this article introduces knowledge distillation into the ASR for Mandarin ATC communications to enhance the generalization performance of the light model. Specifically, we propose a simple yet effective lightweight strategy, named Target-Swap Knowledge Distillation (TSKD), which swaps the logit output of the teacher and student models for the target class. It can mitigate the potential overconfidence of the teacher model regarding the target class and enable the student model to concentrate on the distillation of knowledge from non-target classes. Extensive experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed TSKD in homogeneous and heterogeneous architectures. The experimental results reveal that the generated lightweight ASR model achieves a balance between recognition accuracy and transcription latency.
Mechanism of LEF1-AS1 regulating HUVEC cells by targeting miR-489-3p/S100A11 axis
Authors: Zhang Haoran , Wang Wenqiu , Lin Junjie , Qiao Junbo , Wang Xinjun , Fang Bin , Chen Changkuan , Wang Yujiao , Zhu Gaozan , Liu Wenbo
Published: November 2023

Background

The venous malformation is the most common congenital vascular malformation and exhibits the characteristics of local invasion and lifelong progressive development. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulates endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, macrophages, vascular inflammation, and metabolism and also affects the development of venous malformations. This study aimed to elucidate the role of the lncRNA LEF1-AS1 in the development of venous malformations and examine the interaction among LEF1-AS1, miR-489-3p, and S100A11 in HUVEC cells.

Methods

Venous malformation tissues, corresponding normal venous tissues, and HUVEC cells were used. Agilent human lncRNA microarray gene chip was used to screen differential genes, RNA expression was detected using quantitative reverse transcription PCR, and protein expression was detected using Western blotting. The proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVEC cells were assessed using CCK8, transwell, and in vitro angiogenesis tests.

Results

A total of 1,651 lncRNAs were screened using gene chip analysis, of which 1015 were upregulated and 636 were downregulated. The lncRNA LEF1-AS1 was upregulated with an obvious difference multiple, and the fold-change value was 11.03273. The results of the analysis performed using the StarBase bioinformatics prediction website showed that LEF1-AS1 and miR-489-3p possessed complementary binding sites and that miR-489-3p and S100A11 also had complementary binding sites. The findings of tissue experiments revealed that the expressions of LEF1-AS1 and S100A11 were higher in tissues with venous malformations than in normal tissues, whereas the expression of miR-489-3p was lower in venous malformations than in normal tissues. Cell culture experiments indicated that LEF1-AS1 promoted the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVEC cells. In these cells, LEF1-AS1 targeted miR-489-3p, which in turn targeted S100A11. LEF1-AS1 acted as a competitive endogenous RNA and promoted the expression of S100A11 by competitively binding to miR-489-3p and enhancing the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVEC cells. Thus, LEF1-AS1 participated in the occurrence and development of venous malformation.

Conclusions

The expression of LEF1-AS1 was upregulated in venous malformations, and the expression of S100A11 was increased by the adsorption of miR-489-3p to venous endothelial cells, thus enhancing the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVEC cells. In conclusion, LEF1-AS1 is involved in the occurrence and development of venous malformations by regulating the miR-489-3p/S100A11 axis, which provides valuable insights into the pathogenesis of this disease and opens new avenues for its treatment.