bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seroepidemiological assessment of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 among 25 and 28 year-old adult women in Finland between March 2020-June 2022
Authors: Gray Penelope , Eriksson Tiina , Skoglund Lovisa , Lagheden Camilla , Hellström Ceke , Pin Elisa , Suomenrinne-Nordvik Anna , Pimenoff Ville N. , Nilsson Peter , Dillner Joakim , Lehtinen Matti
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Serological surveys of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 are instrumental to understanding the course of the COVID-19 epidemic. We evaluate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among young adult Finnish females residing in 25 communities all over Finland from 2020 until 2022.

Methods

Between 1st March 2020 and 30th June 2022, 3589 blood samples were collected from 3583 women born in 1992–95 when aged 25 or 28 years old attending the follow-up of an ongoing population-based trial of cervical screening strategies. The crude and population standardized SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was measured using nucleocapsid (induced by infection) and spike wild-type (WT) protein (induced both by infection and by vaccination) antigens over time and stratified by place of residence (inside or outside the Helsinki metropolitan region).

Results

During 2020 (before vaccinations), spike-WT and nucleocapsid IgG antibodies followed each other closely, at very low levels (<5%). Spike-WT seropositivity increased rapidly concomitant with mass vaccinations in 2021 and reached 96.3% in the 2nd quartile of 2022. Antibodies to nucleocapsid IgG remained relatively infrequent throughput 2020–2021, increasing rapidly in the 1st and 2nd quartiles of 2022 (to 19.7% and 56.6% respectively). The nucleocapsid IgG seropositivity increased more profoundly in participants residing in the Helsinki metropolitan region (4.5%, 8.4% and 43.9% in 2020, 2021 and 2022 respectively) compared to those residing in communities outside the capital region (4.5%, 4.3% and 34.7%).

Conclusions

Low SARS-CoV-2 infection-related seroprevalence during 2020–2021 suggest a comparatively successful infection control. Antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 WT spike protein became extremely common among young women by the end of 2021, in line with the high uptake of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Finally, the rapid increase of seroprevalences to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein during the first and second quartile of 2022, imply a high incidence of infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants able to escape vaccine-induced protection.
Measuring Strong, Skillful, Good and Transpersonal Will: The development of the Multidimensional Will Scale
Authors: Bonacchi Andrea , Marunic Georgia , Tagliaferro Carlotta , Boschi Rebecca , Lau Chloe , Chiesi Francesca
Published: July 2024

Background and objective

This cross-sectional study aimed to provide a scale to assess different aspects of the will based on Roberto Assagioli’s theory.

Methods and results

The scale development followed three steps. Step 1 focused on operationalizing the construct and developing the items. It was carried out through several phases of item generation and refinement, resulting in a pool of 38 items. At Step 2 we tested the psychometric properties of the initial 38-item scale with the goal of excluding the items that weakened the structural validity and reliability of the scale. Descriptive, internal consistency, and exploratory factor analyses statistics were computed on a large sample (Sample 1:N= 587; age:M= 21.55,SD= 4.14, 66% female) and they led to a five-dimension model (Strong,Skillful,Good toward Self and Other, andTranspersonal Will) and the exclusion of 15 items. Analyses conducted at Step 3 on a different sample (Sample 2:N= 683; age:M= 34.09,SD= 16.27, 54% female) allowed for further refinement of the scale. Confirmatory factor analysis conducted on the resulting 19-item scale showed a good fit for the five-factor model (χ2(142) = 507.63,p< .001,TLI= .91;CFI = .93;RMSEA= .06 [90%CI: .06‒.07]), and evidence of its invariance across genders and ages was provided. Reliability indices (internal consistency and intraclass correlation coefficients) were adequate (ranging from .66 to .83) and correlations with measures of related constructs supported the external validity of the scale.

Conclusion

This study provides researchers, therapists, and counselors with an efficient measurement tool to assess Assagioli’s construct of will.
Challenges and opportunities in testing sensorimotor processing with tendon vibration and transcranial magnetic stimulation in subacromial impingement syndrome: A case series
Authors: Bouchard Émilie , Lauzier Lydiane , Boudier-Revéret Mathieu , Munger Laurence , Ketounou Kossi Épiphane , Perron Marie-Pier , Ngomo Suzy , Sobczak Stéphane , Beaulieu Louis-David
Published: July 2024

Background

Non-invasive neurostimulation like muscle tendon vibration (VIB) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can provide valuable insights on mechanisms underlying sensorimotor dysfunctions. However, their feasibility in the context of painful musculoskeletal disorders like shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) remain uncertain.

Methods

The present work used a case series design including 15 participants with SIS, as well as a secondary group-based analysis comparing participants with SIS to 15 healthy counterparts. Proprioceptive processing was tested by VIB-induced kinesthetic illusions of shoulder abduction, and TMS tested corticospinal excitability of the upper trapezius. Detailed individual data were collected, including any technical challenges and feasibility issues encountered.

Results

VIB was in general well-tolerated and elicited a perceptible kinesthetic illusion in 13 participants with SIS and 14 controls. TMS presented with several challenges related to discomfort, fear-related behaviors, technical problems and high motor thresholds, especially in participants with SIS. It was only possible to collect all TMS measures in 5 participants with SIS (for both the painful and non/less-painful sides), in 7 controls on their dominant side and 10 controls on the non-dominant side. The only significant group-based analysis was a lower illusion speed/amplitude on the painful versus non-painful side in persons with SIS (p = 0.035).

Conclusion

Our study provides preliminary data on challenges encountered with TMS and VIB of trunk/proximal muscle in persons with SIS and healthy counterparts. It might help future studies to better address those challenges beforehand and improve the overall feasibility and impact of neurostimulation tools in musculoskeletal disorders.
Preclinical studies of RA475, a guanidine-substituted spirocyclic candidate RPN13/ADRM1 inhibitor for treatment of ovarian cancer
Authors: Anchoori Ravi K. , Tseng Ssu-Hsueh , Tsai Hua-Ling , Palande Vikrant , Rudek Michelle A. , Roden Richard B. S.
Published: July 2024

There is an urgent unmet need for more targeted and effective treatments for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The emergence of drug resistance is a particular challenge, but small molecule covalent inhibitors have promise for difficult targets and appear less prone to resistance. Michael acceptors are covalent inhibitors that form bonds with cysteines or other nucleophilic residues in the target protein. However, many are categorized as pan-assay interference compounds (PAINS) and considered unsuitable as drugs due to their tendency to react non-specifically. Targeting RPN13/ADRM1-mediated substrate recognition and deubiquitination by the proteasome 19S Regulatory Particle (RP) is a promising treatment strategy. Early candidate RPN13 inhibitors (iRPN13) produced a toxic accumulation of very high molecular weight polyubiquitinated substrates, resulting in therapeutic activity in mice bearing liquid or solid tumor models, including ovarian cancer; however, they were not drug-like (PAINS) because of their central piperidone core. Up284 instead has a central spiro-carbon ring. We hypothesized that adding a guanidine moiety to the central ring nitrogen of Up284 would produce a compound, RA475, with improved drug-like properties and therapeutic activity in murine models of ovarian cancer. RA475 produced a rapid accumulation of high molecular polyubiquitinated proteins in cancer cell lines associated with apoptosis, similar to Up284 although it was 3-fold less cytotoxic. RA475 competed binding of biotinylated Up284 to RPN13. RA475 shows improved solubility and distinct pharmacodynamic properties compared to Up284. Specifically, tetraubiquitin firefly luciferase expressed in leg muscle was stabilized in mice more effectively upon IP treatment with RA475 than with Up284. However, pharmacologic analysis showed that RA475 was more rapidly cleared from the circulation, and less orally available than Up284. RA475 shows reduced ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and in vitro inhibition of HERG. Treatment of mice with RA475 profoundly inhibited the intraperitoneal growth of the ID8-luciferase ovarian tumor model. Likewise, RA475 treatment of immunocompetent mice inhibited the growth of spontaneous genetically-engineered peritoneal tumor, as did weekly cisplatin dosing. The combination of RA475 and cisplatin significantly extended survival compared to individual treatments, consistent with synergistic cytotoxicity in vitro. In sum, RA475 is a promising candidate covalent RPN13i with potential utility for treatment of patients with advanced EOC in combination with cisplatin.
The role of maternal and child healthcare providers in identifying and supporting perinatal mental health disorders
Authors: Kiraly Carmen , Boyle-Duke Betty , Shklarski Liat
Published: July 2024

Background

Perinatal depression (PND) is underdiagnosed in the clinical setting. This study explores the role of obstetricians, and other primary care providers of maternal and child healthcare in detecting, screening, and referring women during the perinatal period identified as depressed, anxious, or exhibiting other symptoms of mental health disorders.

Method

Information was gathered from obstetricians (n = 16), and other primary care providers (pediatricians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants) (n = 85), on identifying and supporting childbearing women with symptoms of perinatal depression using an online survey.

Results

Statistical comparisons across participant groups were adjusted for years of practice in the profession. Statistically significant differences were noted. Obstetricians inquired more about the mother’s social support network (p = .011) and addressed mothers that appeared sad, upset, or unhappy (p = .044) compared to other primary care providers. Other primary care providers were more likely to refer patients to mental health support services (p = .005), provide PND-related information in their waiting rooms (p = .008), and use the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) (p = .027). There was also a significant difference in positively identifying eight symptoms of PND between provider groups. Obstetricians had higher rates of identifying the following symptoms: excessive crying (p < .001), feeling little or no attachment to the infant (p < .001), little feeling of enjoyment (p = .021), feelings of failure (p < .001), hopelessness (p < .001), agitation with self and infant (p < .001), fear of being alone with the infant (p = .011), and fear that these symptoms would last (p < .001).

Conclusion

Although certain screening practices were performed well, especially by the obstetrician group, screening deficits were noted within each group, and screening practices differed between groups. Training offered to maternal child health primary care providers on addressing perinatal mental health disorders may help improve provider screening practices and detection of PND symptoms in perinatal women. PND screening that combines face-to-face open-ended interviews with standardized screening tools can enhance patient-provider communication, potentially improving PND detection rates and follow-up care in perinatal women.
Playing music together: Exploring the impact of a classical music ensemble on adolescent’s life skills self-perception
Authors: Bussu Anna , Mangiarulo Marta
Published: July 2024

This paper explored the effectiveness of ensemble performance on the development of adolescent’s life skills. An explorative qualitative study investigated young musicians’ self-perception about the benefits and challenges of learning and playing music together. A convenience sampling technique was adopted for interviewing 15 adolescents (12–18 years old) who participated in a long-term music education programme led by a charity in the North-West of England. The data were analysed using NVivo, employing a thematic analysis approach. Two main themes emerged from the analyses: (1) the main benefits of playing and learning in an ensemble: the development of music and life skills; (2) the challenges experienced by the musicians learning in the ensemble. The findings suggest that participants were conscious of the positive effects of playing in an ensemble on their lives. This extended beyond merely learning a musical instrument, i.e. acquiring music skills. In particular, young musicians recognised they had developed greater self-confidence and cognitive skills such as critical thinking and self-awareness. Primarily, they developed effective communication and interpersonal skills. At the same time, these young musicians recognised they had to face challenges related to the process of learning music in an ensemble, such as managing emotions of frustration and adapting to different music learning styles and techniques. Finally, suggestions are made for the implementation and evaluation of future projects to explore the impact and effectiveness of classical music programmes, with a particular emphasis on ensemble-based initiatives and their influence on life skills.
Outcomes of prognostication in people living with advanced cancer: A qualitative study to inform a Core Outcome Set
Authors: Spooner Caitlin , Vivat Bella , White Nicola , Stone Patrick
Published: July 2024

Background

Studies of prognostication in advanced cancer use a wide range of outcomes and outcome measures, making it difficult to compare these studies and their findings. Core Outcome Sets facilitate comparability and standardisation between studies and would benefit future prognostic research. This qualitative study, the second step in a wider study developing such a Core Outcome Set, aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of patients with advanced cancer, informal caregivers, and clinicians regarding the potential outcomes to assess the impact of prognostication.

Methods

We conducted semi-structured interviews with patients living with advanced cancer (n = 8), informal caregivers (n = 10), and clinicians (n = 10) recruited from palliative care services across three sites in London, United Kingdom. Interviews were conducted in-person, via telephone, or video conferencing, and were audio-recorded. Data were analysed using framework analysis. Findings were compared with outcomes identified in a previously published systematic review.

Results

We identified 33 outcomes, 16 of which were not previously reported in the literature. We grouped these outcomes into 10 domains, nine from the COMET taxonomy, plus a tenth domain (spiritual/religious/existential functioning/wellbeing) which we added further to the previous systematic review. These findings highlighted discrepancies between the priorities of existing research and those of stakeholders. Novel outcomes highlight the more personal and emotional impacts of prognostication, whilst other outcomes confirm the relevance of survival length, depression, anxiety, pain, hope dynamics, emotional distress, and the quality of patient-clinician relationships for assessing the impact of prognostication.

Conclusions

This study offers valuable insights into outcomes which matter to key stakeholders, particularly patients and informal caregivers, highlights discrepancies between their priorities and those identified in previous studies, and underscores the need for a patient-centred approach in research and clinical practice in prognostication in advanced cancer. This work will contribute to developing a Core Outcome Set for assessing the impact of prognostication in advanced cancer.
Characterization of different-sized human αA-crystallin homomers and implications to Asp151 isomerization
Authors: Sun Jiayue , Matsubara Toshiya , Koide Tamaki , Lampi Kirsten J. , David Larry L. , Takata Takumi
Published: July 2024

Site-specific modifications of aspartate residues spontaneously occur in crystallin, the major protein in the lens. One of the primary modification sites is Asp151 in αA-crystallin. Isomerization and racemization alter the crystallin backbone structure, reducing its stability by inducing abnormal crystallin–crystallin interactions and ultimately leading to the insolubilization of crystallin complexes. These changes are considered significant factors in the formation of senile cataracts. However, the mechanisms driving spontaneous isomerization and racemization have not been experimentally demonstrated. In this study, we generated αA-crystallins with different homo-oligomeric sizes and/or containing an asparagine residue at position 151, which is more prone to isomerization and racemization. We characterized their structure, hydrophobicity, chaperone-like function, and heat stability, and examined their propensity for isomerization and racemization. The results show that the two differently sized αA-crystallin variants possessed similar secondary structures but exhibited different chaperone-like functions depending on their oligomeric sizes. The rate of isomerization and racemization of Asp151, as assessed by the deamidation of Asn151, was also found to depend on the oligomeric sizes of αA-crystallin. The predominant isomerization product via deamidation of Asn151 in the different-sized αA-crystallin variants was L-β-Asp in vitro, while various modifications occurred around Asp151 in vivo. The disparity between the findings of this in vitro study and in vivo studies suggests that the isomerization of Asp151 in vivo may be more complex than what occurs in vitro.
The awareness of public about the Emergency Medical Services in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazy Ahmed , Alruwaili Abdullah , Alswaidan Saleh , Alobaid Hassan , Alomran Ahmed , Hzazi Abdulkarim , Alhussain Ibrahim , Alharbi Meshal , Binhotan Meshary
Published: July 2024

Emergency Medical Services (EMS) are crucial for immediate medical assistance during life-threatening situations. However, insufficient public awareness about EMS services can impede their effectiveness. This study aimed to assess EMS knowledge and trust among the population of Eastern Saudi Arabia while identifying factors contributing to low awareness. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Eastern Saudi Arabia from September 2022 to September 2023. The study included participants aged 18 to 60 from diverse backgrounds. Using a convenience sampling approach, data was collected using a validated questionnaire covering demographics, hypothetical scenarios, EMS knowledge, and trust in EMS. We conducted the Chi-square tests and logistic regression using Jamovi software, with significance levels set at p < 0.05. Our study yielded 435 participants; 55% were males. Gender-based analysis showed significant differences in responses regarding first aid provision and EMS services (P < 0.001). Expectations for EMS response times also varied by gender (P = 0.01). Knowledge-based analysis revealed that age and education significantly influenced EMS knowledge (P < 0.001). Respondents with EMS knowledge were more likely to know how to provide first aid, understand the importance of emergency number 112, and trust EMS (P < 0.001). Trust-based analysis showed age and education-related differences in EMS trust (P < 0.001). Respondents with EMS knowledge and awareness of emergency numbers displayed higher trust in EMS (P < 0.001). This study underscores the need for enhanced public awareness of EMS services in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Age, education, and gender emerged as critical factors affecting EMS knowledge and trust. Bridging this awareness gap necessitates tailored educational campaigns and continuous monitoring. Policymakers should prioritise EMS awareness within broader healthcare strategies, contributing to improved public health outcomes and community well-being.
Effects of water, energy, and food security on household well-being
Authors: Asaki Foster Awindolla , Oteng-Abayie Eric Fosu , Baajike Franklin Bedakiyiba
Published: July 2024

Water, energy, and food insecurity are significant challenges that affect both economies and households, particularly in developing countries. These resources have an effect on households wellbeing, businesses, and all sectors of the economy, making them critical to ensuring household well-being, which is frequently measured by quintile welfare. As a result, there has been a significant increase in interest in securitizing these resources in order to mitigate their negative effects on household’s wellbeing This study provides an empirical investigation of the determinants of water, energy, and food (WEF) security and the effect of water, energy, and food security on household well-being in Ghana. This study provides an empirical investigation of the determinants of water, energy, and food (WEF) security and the effect of water, energy, and food security on household well-being in Ghana. The study used a sample of 2,735 households from the Ghana Living Standard Survey (GLSS) Wave 7. We applied an instrumental variable probit, complementary log-log and ordered Probit estimation techniques for analysis. Empirical analysis reveals several important findings. Firstly, factors such as age, credit access, household location, employment status, and livestock ownership positively contribute to household water security, while remittances, water supply management, water bills, and water quantity have negative impacts. Secondly, age, marital status, household size, remittances, and livestock ownership significantly influence household energy security. Thirdly, marital status, household income, credit access, and household size are crucial determinants of household food security, with residence and region of household location exerting negative effects. Additionally, while water and energy security have a relatively lower impact on household well-being, food security emerges as a key driver in promoting household wellbeing. The study recommends that policymakers and stakeholders design and implement robust programs and interventions to sustain households’ water, energy, and food supply.
IoT jövője a háztartásokban
Authors: Falus Áron
Published: July 2024

2024 februárjában részt vettem az Óbudai Egyetem Kandó Kálmán Szakkollégiuma által szervezett kerekasztal beszélgetésén a BKIK Akadémia keretében. Témája az IoT eszközök jelene, de főleg jövője volt. Az IoT (angolból „Internet of Things”) eszközök azok az internetre csatlakoztatott eszközök, amelyek alapmodelljét feltalálásukkor még nem arra tervezték, hogy kapcsolatba lépjenek egymással az internet segítségével. Egy funkcióbővítéssel azonban okoseszköznek számítanak már. A szakmai vita során a részt vevő egyetemista hallgatók ezen eszközök elterjedéséről, hulladékká válásáról, újrahasznosításáról értekeztek, valamint kiemelték biztonsági kockázatukat és szervizelési lehetőségeiket. Minden korosztály érintetté vált már a mai korban, hiszen ezek az eszközök otthonunkba új termékek megvásárlásával vagy akár ajándékként is érkezhetnek.
Impact of Annual Case Volume on Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Outcomes in a Large Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Alfarone Ludovico , Schaefer Marion , Wallenhorst Timothée , Lepilliez Vincent , Degand Thibault , Le Baleur Yann , Leclercq Philippe , Berger Arthur , Chabrun Edouard , Brieau Bertrand , Barret Maximilien , Rahmi Gabriel , Legros Romain , Rivory Jérôme , Leblanc Sarah , Vanbiervliet Geoffroy , Zeevaert Jean-Baptiste , Albouys Jérémie , Perrod Guillaume , Yzet Clara , Lepetit Hugo , Belle Arthur , Chaussade Stanislas , Rostain Florian , Dahan Martin , Lupu Alexandru , Chevaux Jean-Baptiste , Pioche Mathieu , Jacques Jérémie
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The adoption of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is still limited in the West. A recent randomized trial showed that ESD is more effective and only slightly riskier than piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection; reproducibility outside expert centers was questioned. We evaluated the results according to the annual case volume in a multicentric prospective cohort.

METHODS:

Between September 2019 and September 2022, colorectal ESD was consecutively performed at 13 participating centers classified as low volume (LV), middle volume (MV), and high volume (HV). The main procedural outcomes were assessed. Multivariate and propensity score matching analyses were performed.

RESULTS:

Three thousand seven hundred seventy ESDs were included. HV centers treated larger and more often colonic lesions than MV and LV centers. En bloc, R0, and curative resection rates were 95.2%, 87.4%, and 83.2%, respectively, and were higher at HV than at MV and LV centers. HV centers also achieved a faster dissection speed. Delayed bleeding and surgery for complications rates were 5.4% and 0.8%, respectively, without significant differences. The perforation rate (overall: 9%) was higher at MV than at LV and HV centers. Lesion characteristics, but not volume center, were independently associated with both R1 resection and perforation. However, after propensity score matching, R0 rates were significantly higher at HV than at LV centers, and perforation rates were significantly higher at MV than at HV centers.

DISCUSSION:

Colorectal ESD can be successfully implemented in the West, even in nonexpert centers. However, difficult lesions must still be referred to experts.
Long-Term Natural History of Presumptive Diverticular Hemorrhage
Authors: Wangrattanapranee Peerapol , Khrucharoen Usah , Jensen Dennis M. , Jensen Mary Ellen
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The natural history of patients with well-documented presumptive diverticular hemorrhage (TICH) is unknown. Our aims are to report (i) rebleeding rates and clinical outcomes of presumptive TICH patients with and without rebleeding, (ii) conversion to definitive TICH during long-term follow-up (F/U), and (iii) risk factors of presumptive diverticular (TIC) rebleeding.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected results of presumptive TICH patients from 1994 to 2023. Presumptive TICH was diagnosed for patients with TICs without stigmata of recent hemorrhage and no other cause of bleeding found on anoscopy, enteroscopy, capsule endoscopy, computed tomography angiography, or tagged red blood cell scan. Patients with ≤6 months of F/U were excluded.

RESULTS:

Of 139 patients with presumptive TICH, 104 were male and 35 female. The median age was 76 years. There were no significant differences in baseline demographics of rebleeders and non-rebleeders. During long-term median F/U of 73 months, 24.5% (34/139) rebled. A total of 56% (19/34) of rebleeders were diagnosed as definitive TICH, and they had significantly higher rates of readmission (P < 0.001), reintervention (P < 0.001), and surgery (P < 0.001). During F/U, there were significantly higher rates of newly diagnosed hypertension and/or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in rebleeders (P = 0.033 from a logistic model). All-cause mortality was 42.8%, but none was from TICH.

DISCUSSION:

For presumptive TICH during long-term F/U, (i) 75.5% did not rebleed and 24.5% rebled. (ii) 56% of rebleeders were diagnosed as definitive TICH. (iii) New development of hypertension and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were risk factors of TIC rebleeding.
Transrectal Drainage Tube Use for Preventing Postendoscopic Submucosal Dissection Coagulation Syndrome in Patients With Colorectal Lesions: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Liu Jingyi , Qi Zhipeng , He Dongli , Shen Jianhong , Cai Mingyan , Cai Shilun , Shi Qiang , Ren Zhong , Pan Hui , Li Bing , Zhong Yunshi
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Postendoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) coagulation syndrome (PECS) prevention is one of the common postoperative complications of colorectal ESD. Considering the increasing incidence of PECS, it is critical to investigate various prevention methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of transrectal drainage tubes (TDTs) in PECS prevention in patients following colorectal ESD.

METHODS:

From July 2022 to July 2023, a multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 3 hospitals in China. Patients with superficial colorectal lesions ≥20 mm who had undergone ESD for a single lesion were enrolled. Initially, 229 patients were included in the study and 5 were excluded. Two hundred twenty-four were randomly assigned to the TDT and non-TDT group in the end. This open-label study utilized a parallel design with a 1:1 allocation ratio, and endoscopists and patients were not blind to the randomization, and a 24 Fr drainage tube was inserted approximately 10–15 cm above the anus after the ESD under the endoscopy and tightly attached to a drainage bag. The TDTs were removed in 1–3 days following the ESD.

RESULTS:

A total of 229 eligible patients were enrolled in this study, and 5 patients were excluded. Ultimately, 224 patients were assigned to the TDT group (n = 112) and non-TDT group (n = 112). The median age for the patients was 63.45 years (IQR 57–71; 59 men [52.68%]) in the TDT group and 60.95 years (IQR 54–68; 60 men [53.57%]) in the non-TDT group. Intention-to-treat analysis showed patients in the TDT group had a lower incidence of PECS than patients in the non-TDT group (7 [6.25%] vs 20 [17.86%]; relative risk, 0.350; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.154–0.795; P = 0.008). In the subgroup analysis, TDTs were found to prevent PECS in patients of the female gender (odd ratio, 0.097; 95% CI, 0.021–0.449; P = 0.001), tumor size <4 cm (odd ratio, 0.203; 95% CI, 0.056–0.728; P = 0.011), tumor located in the left-sided colorectum (odd ratio, 0. 339 95% CI, 0.120–0.957; P = 0.035), and shorter procedure time (<45 minutes) (odd ratio, 0.316; 95% CI, 0.113–0.879; P = 0.023). The tube fell off in 1 case (0.89%) accidentally ahead of time. No TDT-related complication was observed.

DISCUSSION:

The results from this randomized clinical study indicate that the application of TDTs effectively reduced the incidence of PECS in patients after colorectal ESD (chictr.org.cn Identifier: ChiCTR2200062164).
Políticas de dominação e o processo pedagógico em bell hooks
Authors: Antunes Machado Lucas
Published: July 2024

Resumo: O aumento significativo de discursos de ódio e a violência contra minorias sociais revela a sala de aula como microcosmo de uma sociedade estruturada por políticas de violência colonial e patriarcal. Experiências de sala de aula evidenciam contradições que variam em torno de práticas de libertação e/ou dominação de corpos e mentes. O ensaio propõe uma discussão sobre as políticas de dominação e o processo pedagógico na perspectiva da intelectual, ativista social e crítica cultural bell hooks. Sua concepção de educação deriva de sua própria experiência de opressão de classe, raça e gênero, culminando em seu projeto ético-político de educação. Partimos da perspectiva de que a experiência do corpo em sala de aula pode ser lócus privilegiado de reflexões críticas dos sistemas interligados de opressão.
Palavras-chave: Políticas de dominação; Processo pedagógico; bell hooks.
Politics of domination and the pedagogical process in bell hooks 
Abstract: The significant increase in hate speech and violence against social minorities reveals the classroom as a microcosm of a society structured by policies of colonial and patriarchal violence. Classroom experiences reveal contradictions around practices of liberation and/or domination of bodies and minds. This essay discusses the politics of domination and the pedagogical process from the perspective of the intellectual, social activist, and cultural critic bell hooks. Her conception of education derives from her experience of class, race, and gender oppression, culminating in her ethical-political education project. We start from the perspective that the experience of the body in the classroom can be a privileged locus for critical reflections on interconnected systems of oppression.
Key-words: Politics of domination; Pedagogical process; bell hooks.
Política de dominación y el proceso pedagógico en bell hooks 
Resumen: El aumento significativo del discurso de odio y de la violencia contra las minorías sociales revela el aula como un microcosmos de una sociedad estructurada por políticas de violencia colonial y patriarcal. Las experiencias en el aula revelan contradicciones que giran en torno a prácticas de liberación y/o dominación de cuerpos y mentes. El ensayo propone una discusión sobre las políticas de dominación y el proceso pedagógico desde la perspectiva de la intelectual, activista social y crítica cultural bell hooks. Su concepción de la educación deriva de su propia experiencia de opresión de clase, raza y género, culminando en su proyecto ético-político de la educación. Partimos de la perspectiva de que la experiencia del cuerpo en el aula puede ser un locus privilegiado de reflexiones críticas de sistemas de opresión interconectados.
Palabras clave: Política de dominación; Proceso pedagógico; bell hooks.
Data de registro: 18/05/2023
Data de aceite: 20/09/2023
Mito e emancipação em Walter Benjamin e Herbert Marcuse
Authors: De Ambrosis Pinheiro Machado Francisco
Published: July 2024

Resumo: O presente artigo traça um paralelo e faz uma aproximação entre a concepção de mito em Walter Benjamin e Herbert Marcuse. Busca-se mostrar como estes autores, em certo momento de suas obras, propõem uma superação do mito a partir do mesmo, ou seja, sem abdicar de um certo potencial emancipatório presente em sua dimensão imagética e em seu vínculo com a fantasia.
Palavras-chave: Walter Benjamin; Herbert Marcuse; mito; emancipação; fantasia; imagem.
Myth and Emancipation in Walter Benjamin and Herbert Marcuse
Abstract: The present paper draws a parallel and approximation between the conception of myth in Walter Benjamin and Herbert Marcuse. It seeks to show how these authors, at a certain point in their works, propose an overcoming of myth based on it, that is, without giving up a certain emancipatory potential present in its imagetic dimension and in its link with fantasy.
Keywords: Walter Benjamin; Herbert Marcuse; Myth; Emancipation; Phantasy; Image. 
Mithos und Emanzipation bei Walter Benjamin und Herbert Marcuse
Zusammenfassung: In diesem Beitrag wird eine Parallele und Annäherung zwischen dem Mythosbegriff bei Walter Benjamin und Herbert Marcuse gezogen. Es soll gezeigt werden, wie diese Autoren an einem bestimmten Punkt in ihren Werken eine Überwindung des Mythos von innen heraus vorschlagen, d.h. ohne ein gewisses emanzipatorisches Potenzial aufzugeben, das in seiner bildhaften Dimension und in seiner Verbindung mit der Phantasie vorhanden ist.
Schlüsselwörter: Walter Benjamin; Herbert Marcuse; Mythos; Emanzipation; Phantasie; Bild
Data de registro: 01/08/2023
Data de aceite: 18/10/2023
Horkheimer, o Absoluto e a ambiguidade conceitual da teologia negativa
Authors: Ferraz Bueno Sinésio
Published: July 2024

Resumo: A obra Eclipse da razão, de Horkheimer, é tensionada por uma ambiguidade conceitual. No texto Meios e Fins, o conceito de razão objetiva tem uma fundamentação metafísica, que é contestada pela análise materialista exposta no texto Sobre o conceito de filosofia. Essa ambiguidade conceitual repercute nas reflexões teológicas tardias de Horkheimer, em que o conceito originalmente metafísico do Absoluto é recepcionado em termos materialistas. Nesse sentido, a teologia negativa postulada por Horkheimer reflete problemas relativos à fundamentação conceitual do materialismo dialético no campo filosófico. O objetivo deste artigo consiste em expor essa ambivalência, e também apontar os problemas conceituais envolvidos na fundamentação filosófica do materialismo dialético. 
Palavras-chave: Teoria Crítica; Teologia Negativa; Materialismo Dialético; Absoluto 
Horkheimer, the Absolute and the conceptual ambiguity of negative theology 
Abstract: Horkheimer's work Eclipse of Reason is tensioned by a conceptual ambiguity. In the text Means and Ends, the concept of objective reason has a metaphysical foundation, which is contested by the materialist analysis exposed in the text On the concept of philosophy. This conceptual ambiguity reverberates in Horkheimer's later theological reflections, in which the originally metaphysical concept of the Absolute is received in materialist terms. In this sense, the negative theology postulated by Horkheimer reflects problems related to the conceptual foundation of dialectical materialism in the philosophical field. The purpose of this article is to expose this ambivalence, and also to point out the conceptual problems involved in the philosophical foundation of dialectical materialism.
Keywords: Critical Theory; Negative Theology; Dialectical Materialism; Absolute 
Horkheimer, el Absoluto y la ambigüedad conceptual de la teología negativa 
Resumen: La obra de Horkheimer Eclipse of Reason está tensionada por una ambigüedad conceptual. En el texto Medios y fines, el concepto de razón objetiva tiene un fundamento metafísico, el cual es contestado por el análisis materialista expuesto en el texto Sobre el concepto de filosofía. Esta ambigüedad conceptual repercute en las reflexiones teológicas posteriores de Horkheimer, en las que el concepto originalmente metafísico del Absoluto se recibe en términos materialistas. En este sentido, la teología negativa postulada por Horkheimer refleja problemas relacionados con la fundamentación conceptual del materialismo dialéctico en el campo filosófico. El propósito de este artículo es exponer esta ambivalencia, y también señalar los problemas conceptuales involucrados en el fundamento filosófico del materialismo dialéctico.
Palabras llave: Teoría Crítica; Teología Negativa; Materialismo Dialéctico; Absoluto.
Data de registro: 01/08/2023
Data de aceite: 24/01/2024
Les contradictions de la philosophie bourgeoise et de la raison moderne chez Lukács et Horkheimer
Authors: Carbone Raffaele
Published: July 2024

Résumé: Lukács et Horkheimer analysent les tensions et les contradictions de la société européenne dans la mesure où elles se reflètent dans les théories philosophiques élaborées par les penseurs bourgeois de l’époque moderne : dans ce domaine, ces contradictions pratiques se traduisent par une opposition conceptuelle entre des couples tels que sujet/objet, phénomène/chose en soi, nécessité/liberté, etc. En abordant la question de l’influence d’Histoire et conscience de classe (1923) sur les essais horkheimeriens des années 1920 et 1930, cet article confronte les positions théoriques respectives des deux auteurs sur la pensée bourgeoise et sur son entrelacement avec les transformations de la société capitaliste moderne.
Mots clés: Contradictions; Dualismes; Philosophie Moderne; Raison; Société Bourgeoise; Théorie
The Contradictions of Bourgeois Philosophy and Modern Reason in Lukács and Horkheimer
Abstract: Lukács and Horkheimer analyse the tensions and contradictions of European society insofar as they are reflected in the philosophical theories elaborated by the bourgeois thinkers of the modern era: in this field, these practical contradictions are reflected in a conceptual opposition between binomials such as subject/object, phenomenon/thing-in-itself, necessity/freedom, etc. By addressing the question of the influence of History and Class Consciousness (1923) on Horkheimer’s essays of the 1920s and 1930s, this article aims to compare the respective theoretical positions of the two authors on bourgeois thought and its intertwining with the transformations of modern capitalist society.
Keywords: Bourgeois Society; Contradictions; Dualisms; Modern Philosophy; Reason; Theory
As contradições da filosofia burguesa e da razão moderna em Lukács e Horkheimer
Resumo: Lukács e Horkheimer analisam as tensões e contradições da sociedade europeia na medida em que elas se refletem nas teorias filosóficas elaboradas pelos pensadores burgueses da era moderna: nesse terreno, essas contradições práticas refletem uma oposição conceitual entre binômios como sujeito/objeto, fenômeno/coisa em si, necessidade/liberdade etc. Ao abordar a questão da influência de História e Consciência de Classe (1923) sobre os ensaios de Horkheimer das décadas de 1920 e 1930, este artigo tem o objetivo de comparar as respectivas posições teóricas dos dois autores sobre o pensamento burguês e seu entrelaçamento com as transformações da moderna sociedade capitalista moderna.
Palavras-chave: Sociedade Burguesa; Contradições; Dualismos; Filosofia Moderna; Razão; Teoria
Data de registro: 01/08/2023
Data de aceite: 18/10/2023
Preparation of Nano-Sized Eucalyptus Leaves Extract and its Application on Cotton as Natural Dyes and Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Nuramdhani Ida , Ikhsani Nurfadilah , Agustinisari Iceu
Published: July 2024

Nano-emulsions of Eucalyptus globulus leaves extract in 96% ethanol and 96% methanol were successfully prepared using the method of homogenization at various speeds of 13,000 rpm, 15,000 rpm and 17,000 rpm, with the addition of non-ionic surfactant to prevent agglomeration. A phytochemical analysis showed the presence of tannin, phenol and flavonoids. The size of the resulting nano-emulsions was measured using a particle size analyser (PSA) prior to the dyeing of cotton fabrics using the two-dips-two-nips method. Antibacterial tests were carried out on the extracts and dyed fabrics. The results showed that nano-sized particles (< 100 nm) were obtained from all extracts in both solvents used at all speeds. All dyed fabrics showed good levelness in a pale-brown colour with K/S values < 1 for all samples under spectrophotometric measurement. The colour fastness of the dyed fabrics to washing and rubbing were good to very good, with grey scale values ranging between 4/5–5. Antibacterial tests in Staphylococcus aureus bacterium showed that the eucalyptus leaves extract solution exhibited antibacterial ability, as evidenced by the formation of clear zones around the wells. Much better antibacterial activity was demonstrated by the dyed fabrics. Changing the particle size to nano increased the effectiveness of the antibacterial activity of the Eucalyptus globulus. Results showed that the nano-sized eucalyptus leaves extract demonstrated a more significant antibacterial activity than dyeability.
Justicia restaurativa y justicia punitiva: reflexiones “intersistémicas” a la luz de la reciente reforma italiana
Authors: Bianchi Davide
Published: July 2024

La Justicia Restaurativa ha entrado triunfalmente en el núcleo de la “ciudadela penal” italiana. La “Reforma Cartabia” (Decreto Legislativo n° 150/2022) ha previsto una regulación articulada y orgánica de la “giustizia riparativa” y una infraestructura organizativa nueva y compleja de la misma. Ahora, en Italia, los procesos restaurativos pueden ser aplicados a todos los delitos y en cualquier fase del procedimiento penal. Los efectos jurídico-penales “sustanciales” del proceso restaurativo son varios, aunque generalmente no son tan impactantes, y en su conjunto resultan razonables, si se encuadran correctamente. En cambio, en el ámbito procesal se manifiestan problemas serios, que pueden generar dinámicas distorsionadoras. La nueva normativa italiana ofrece la oportunidad para reflexionar sobre un paradigma de Justicia novedoso y sus relaciones complejas con el ordenamiento penal.
La interrupción del embarazo en el derecho de la vieja república federal alemana (1949-1990) Desde una perspectiva histórica contemporánea teniendo en cuenta la fase de transición (1990-1995),
Authors: Wörner Liane
Published: July 2024

Allí donde se producen embarazos, también se interrumpen. La interrupción del embarazo siempre ha suscitado debates controvertidos en la sociedad en función de la posición de la medicina en cuanto a la determinación del embarazo, la posición jurídica y social de la mujer y los valores determinantes en la sociedad, incluida la –en tanto que controvertida– protección de la vida no nacida, prenatal o en formación. En el derecho alemán, la interrupción del embarazo está hasta el día de hoy fundamentalmente prohibida bajo la imposición de una pena (§ 218 del Código Penal alemán, StGB); sin embargo, no se persigue con una pena si se cumple un procedimiento de asesoramiento obligatorio (§ 219 StGB), eso sí, hasta la duodécima semana de embarazo (§ 218a apartado 1 StGB), encontrándose también permitido en caso de conflicto médico y social hasta el nacimiento, y en caso de conflicto criminológico hasta la semana doce (§ 218a apartados 2 y 3 StGB). Hasta el año 2022, una prohibición de la publicidad (antigua redacción del § 219a StGB) aseguraba la protección de la vida garantizada constitucionalmente. Lo que se critica de este compromiso normativo alemán es que el número de interrupciones del embarazo que quedan impunes tras el asesoramiento obligatorio que se lleva a cabo en las primeras doce semanas de embarazo sigue siendo incesantemente elevado, con una media de 100.000 interrupciones al año, lo que relega la responsabilidad penal básica hasta prácticamente la inexistencia. En última instancia, en el curso de dos decisiones del Tribunal Constitucional Federal sobre la interrupción del embarazo, una al final de la fase temprana de la antigua República Federal (1975) y otra en el curso de la reunificación para llegar a un compromiso con el derecho de la antigua República Democrática Alemana (1993), el concepto que había sido negociado ha vuelto a ser objeto de críticas. Las personas afectadas y los/las médicos/as ya no quisieron aceptar la interpretación extensiva de la prohibición de publicidad, que se encontraba penada por la ley, incluida la prohibición de informar sobre la interrupción del embarazo, contenidas ambas en la redacción anterior del § 219a StGB. Después de que el precepto se completara con un apartado IV, el mismo fue finalmente eliminado; sin embargo, la disputa sobre la penalidad de la interrupción del embarazo fue reavivada de nuevo. En última instancia se encuentran enfrentadas dos posiciones extremas: la exigencia de una prohibición absoluta y punible y la exigencia de la validez ilimitada del derecho de las mujeres a su autodeterminación. Una vez realizado el seguimiento, es necesario exigir no sólo la verificación del concepto global, sino también su revisión general, cuando no su reestructuración. Y es que, actualmente, la ley ya no refleja la realidad.
THE ROLE OF URBAN FARMING TO HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY IN THE SURAKARTA CITY, INDONESIA
Authors: Barokah Umi , Rahayu Wiwit , Antriyandarti Ernoiz
Published: July 2024

Urban areas are densely populated areas, so that land for agricultural production is minimal. The city of Surakarta is the center of the economy in the Soloraya region, whose agricultural land area continues to decrease. The study aimed to analyze household food security and the role of urban farming on household food security. The data used in the research was primary data collected by interview, recording, observation, and food recall methods. Respondent to the research consists of 60 households that carried out urban farming in 5 districts (Pasar Kliwon, Jebres, Banjarsari, Laweyan, Serengan) in Surakarta. The analytical data used food security analysis with indicators of food expenditure and energy consumption levels and descriptive analysis for urban farming to household food security. The results showed that as many as 21 or (35.00%) were categorized as food secure households, 12 or (20.00%) were classified as food vulnerable households, 22 or (36.67%) were categorized as lack of food households, and 5 (8, 33%) was categorized as food insecure. The role of urban farming on household food security is indicated by its contribution to food expenditure of Rp 87,336.00 or 7.69% to total food expenditure per month. It is necessary to increase the role of urban farming in household food security both in increasing income and providing food for households. This can be done, among other things, by intensifying and diversifying urban farming businesses.