bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and the risk of fibrosis in Italian primary care services
Authors: Miele Luca , Grattagliano Ignazio , Lapi Francesco , Dajko Marianxhela , De Magistris Antonio , Liguori Antonio , De Matthaeis Nicoletta , Rossi Alessandro , Gasbarrini Antonio , Cricelli Claudio , Grieco Antonio
Published: September 2022

Background and aims

The prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of NAFLD and the probability of liver fibrosis in Italian primary care services.

Methods

We carried out a population‐based and nested case–control study including all individuals aged 18 years and above registered at Italian primary care services. Data were collected from the general practitioners' network from 2010 to 2017. NAFLD cases were identified via the ICD‐9‐CM and Hepatic Steatosis Index score > 36 and were matched each up to 10 controls. Other causes of liver diseases were excluded. The risk of fibrosis was assessed using the FIB‐4 and NAFLD fibrosis scores (NFS).

Results

NAFLD was present in 9% of the primary care population with high regional variability. Among NAFLD subjects: 25% had diabetes, 10% had chronic kidney disease, 11% had cardiovascular disease and 28% were obese. Furthermore, 30% had at least two comorbidities and 13% had cirrhosis. Once cirrhosis was excluded, the risk of any degree of fibrosis was 13.8% with NFS and 20.5% with FIB‐4 in subjects <65 years.

Conclusions

Even if there is an identification gap in primary care, recorded cases with NAFLD have a high frequency of associated comorbidities. Despite regional variability, a close relation between cirrhosis and NAFLD exists (OR: 3.48, 95% CI: 3.23–3.76). Therefore, the use of non‐invasive tests should be promoted in primary care as a useful tool for the early identification of fibrosis risk, independently of evidence of steatosis.
Searching for green elephants and other mythical creatures during the Trump years: Partisanship and congressional voting on environmental legislation
Authors: Fowler Luke
Published: September 2022

Are there any environmentalists left in the Republican Party? Using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and data from the League of Conservation Voters (LCV) for the 115th (2017–2018) and 116th (2019–2020) Congresses, the author finds that around 25% of Republicans in the House of Representatives and 40% of those in the Senate are more supportive of environmental legislation than the average Democrat in their respective chambers, when separating partisanship from environmentalism. However, findings also suggest that environmentalism for Republicans tends to focus far more on conserving existing programs and resources than it does on advocating for progressive new policies to address emerging problems, like climate change, so it manifests differently than environmentally focused initiatives that are synonymous with the policy doctrine of Democrats.

Related Articles

Dunning, Kelly Heber. 2021. “Unlikely Conservation Policy Making in a Polarized Congress: A Multiple Streams Analysis of ‘America's Most Successful Conservation Program’.” Politics & Policy 50(1): 93–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12448.

Gershtenson, Joseph, Brian W. Smith, and William R. Mangun. 2006. “Friends of the Earth? Partisanship, Party Control of Congress, and Environmental Legislation in Congress.” Politics & Policy 34(1): 66–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2006.00004.x.

Wink, Kenneth A., and Andrew Bargen. 2008. “The Consolidation of the White Southern Congressional Vote: The Roles of Ideology and Party Identification.” Politics & Policy 36(3): 376–99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2007.00113.x.
Evidence that miR168a contributes to salinity tolerance of Brassica rapa L. via mediating melatonin biosynthesis
Authors: Shamloo‐Dashtpagerdi Roohollah , Lindlöf Angelica , Tahmasebi Sirous
Published: September 2022

Melatonin is a master regulator of diverse biological processes, including plant's abiotic stress responses and tolerance. Despite the extensive information on the role of melatonin in response to abiotic stress, how plants regulate endogenous melatonin content under stressful conditions remains largely unknown. In this study, we computationally mined Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) libraries of salinity‐exposed Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) to identify the most reliable differentially expressed miRNA and its target gene(s). In light of these analyses, we found that miR168a potentially targets a key melatonin biosynthesis gene, namely O‐METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 (OMT1). Accordingly, molecular and physiochemical evaluations were performed in a separate salinity experiment using contrasting B. rapa genotypes. Then, the association between B. rapa salinity tolerance and changes in measured molecular and physiochemical characteristics was determined. Results indicated that the expression profiles of miR168a and OMT1 significantly differed between B. rapa genotypes. Moreover, the expression profiles of miR168a and OMT1 significantly correlated with more melatonin content, robust antioxidant activities, and better ion homeostasis during salinity stress. Our results suggest that miR168a plausibly mediates melatonin biosynthesis, mainly through the OMT1 gene, under salinity conditions and thereby contributes to the salinity tolerance of B. rapa. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the role of miR168a and OMT1 in B. rapa salinity response.
Clinical and patient‐reported outcomes of tissue engineering strategies for periodontal and peri‐implant reconstruction
Authors: Tavelli Lorenzo , Barootchi Shayan , Rasperini Giulio , Giannobile William V.
Published: September 2022

Scientific advancements in biomaterials, cellular therapies, and growth factors have brought new therapeutic options for periodontal and peri‐implant reconstructive procedures. These tissue engineering strategies involve the enrichment of scaffolds with living cells or signaling molecules and aim at mimicking the cascades of wound healing events and the clinical outcomes of conventional autogenous grafts, without the need for donor tissue. Several tissue engineering strategies have been explored over the years for a variety of clinical scenarios, including periodontal regeneration, treatment of gingival recessions/mucogingival conditions, alveolar ridge preservation, bone augmentation procedures, sinus floor elevation, and peri‐implant bone regeneration therapies. The goal of this article was to review the tissue engineering strategies that have been performed for periodontal and peri‐implant reconstruction and implant site development, and to evaluate their safety, invasiveness, efficacy, and patient‐reported outcomes. A detailed systematic search was conducted to identify eligible randomized controlled trials reporting the outcomes of tissue engineering strategies utilized for the aforementioned indications. A total of 128 trials were ultimately included in this review for a detailed qualitative analysis. Commonly performed tissue engineering strategies involved scaffolds enriched with mesenchymal or somatic cells (cell‐based tissue engineering strategies), or more often scaffolds loaded with signaling molecules/growth factors (signaling molecule‐based tissue engineering strategies). These approaches were found to be safe when utilized for periodontal and peri‐implant reconstruction therapies and implant site development. Tissue engineering strategies demonstrated either similar or superior clinical outcomes than conventional approaches for the treatment of infrabony and furcation defects, alveolar ridge preservation, and sinus floor augmentation. Tissue engineering strategies can promote higher root coverage, keratinized tissue width, and gingival thickness gain than scaffolds alone can, and they can often obtain similar mean root coverage compared with autogenous grafts. There is some evidence suggesting that tissue engineering strategies can have a positive effect on patient morbidity, their preference, esthetics, and quality of life when utilized for the treatment of mucogingival deformities. Similarly, tissue engineering strategies can reduce the invasiveness and complications of autogenous graft‐based staged bone augmentation. More studies incorporating patient‐reported outcomes are needed to understand the cost‐benefits of tissue engineering strategies compared with traditional treatments.
Gay and Race Cognizant: Interstitial Storytelling and the Narrative Positioning of an Interracial Gay Organization in the 1980s1
Authors: Broad K. L.
Published: September 2022

In this article, I show how an interracial gay group forming in the 1980s, Black and White Men Together (BWMT), did storytelling of themselves as gay and anti‐racist. Part of a larger narrative ethnography, this article focuses on how BWMT, in a 1980s context compelling the question of interracial organizing, did storytelling to narratively construct themselves as such. This article notes how the group faced an immediate narrative environment likely to characterize an interracial gay group as either racial fetishists or colorblind interracialists and explains, through analysis of their newsletter, how they tried to create a larger story of themselves as neither. I detail the storytelling they did of themselves as gay and race cognizant—recognizing gay racial difference, confronting white gay power, and interrogating racist gay sex culture and racialized gay desire. I discuss how it operated as interstitial storytelling, drawing from and extending traditions of Black and gay liberation but with limits when deployed interracially in a colorblind context. I end by pointing out how their interstitial storytelling served to construct them as a legible intersectional movement organization and to narratively position them in relation to Black gay groups of the era.
Does biochar contribute to close nutrient cycles of tree plantations on degraded Ultisols in the Ecuadorian Amazonia?
Authors: González Sarango Esthela Margarita , Valarezo Manosalvas Carlos , Wilcke Wolfgang
Published: September 2022

The use of biochar is expected to improve soil fertility and close nutrient cycles in degraded strongly weathered tropical soils. We, therefore, hypothesized that biochar amendment to tree plantations (a) increases nutrient fluxes with litterfall alone and with mineral fertilizer plus lime and (b) reduces N losses reflected by lower δ15N values of litterfall and soils than in unamended controls. We grew the native leguminous Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum (Ducke) Barneby and the exotic Gmelina arborea Roxb at two sites. We used a replicated full factorial split–split plot design of amendment of mineral fertilizer plus lime, 3 and 6 t ha−1 biochar, and a control. We collected litterfall biweekly (2012–2013) and topsoil samples (0–0.25 m) in 2009 before tree planting, in 2011 and 2013. Fertilizer plus lime increased the mean annual concentrations of P, Ca and Zn in litterfall but decreased that of Mn. At the same time, fertilizer plus lime increased the annual fluxes of nutrients, Na and Al with litterfall. During the dry season, biochar decreased the N concentration in litterfall and the K flux with litterfall. During the rainy season, biochar increased the concentrations of Ca and Zn in litterfall and their fluxes with litterfall. Biochar did not influence the δ15N values of soil and litterfall after 51 months of tree growth. Fertilizer plus lime decreased the δ15N values of soil, because of the lower δ15N value of the used urea (−0.30‰) than the soil (4.5‰–7.8‰). Moreover, fertilizer plus lime increased the δ15N values of litterfall, possibly because of enhanced 14N leaching from the N‐rich canopies. The amendment of up to 6 t ha−1 biochar did not contribute to close nutrient cycles.
The Journalist and His Powers in Cameroon: From Mediator to Game
Authors: Bolvine François Wakata
Published: September 2022

Despite the controversy that surrounds their effectiveness, the powers of a journalist or of a media in general  are no less real, though they are not expected to be where they originally ought to be, namely in their capacity to impart beliefs and behaviour on passive citizens. This study re-examines the paradigm of media impact, initiated in the 1950s and which aimed, specifically, at exploring the influence journalists have on the power dynamics that link the press to some major actors in the social space, namely citizens, government officials and the judicial system. Ultimately, it turns out that because of the 'power' conferred on it by its capacity to create positions in the field, to build or undermine reputations, the press has ended up, under the cover of mediation, becoming a dominant actor in the cooperation/conflict relationship or asymmetrical power that links it to other social spaces.
A Simple Model for Inflexed Multilayered Laminated Glass Beams Based on Refined Zig-Zag Theory
Authors: Haydar Ali , Royer-Carfagni Gianni
Published: September 2022

Laminated glass is a composite made of glass plies sandwiching polymeric interlayers, permanently bonded with a process at high pressure and temperature in autoclave. Within the quasi-elastic approximation, according to which the polymer is linear elastic material whose elastic modulus parametrically depends upon time and environmental temperature, we present a model for inflexed laminated-glass beams in the pre-glass-breakage phase. The approach relies on a modified version of the refined zig-zag theory for composites, in which the glass plies are treated as Euler–Bernoulli beams, whereas the interlayers can only provide a shear-stiffness contribution to the coupling of the glass plies. The kinematic description is greatly simplified and the governing equations can be solved analytically, for laminated packages of any type, when the beam is statically determined. A finite element implementation is proposed for the most general cases. The convergence analysis for the numerical approach and the comparison with the analytical solution in benchmark problems demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
Cryo-EM structure of the human IgM B cell receptor
Authors: Su Qiang , Chen Mengying , Shi Yan , Zhang Xiaofeng , Huang Gaoxingyu , Huang Bangdong , Liu Dongwei , Liu Zhangsuo , Shi Yigong
Published: September 2022

The B cell receptor (BCR) initiates immune responses through antigen recognition. We report a 3.3-angstrom cryo–electron microscopy structure of human immunoglobulin M (IgM)–BCR in the resting state. IgM-BCR comprises two heavy chains, two light chains, and the Igα/Igβ heterodimer. The ectodomains of the heavy chains closely stack against those of Igα/Igβ, with one heavy chain locked between Igα and Igβ in the juxtamembrane region. Extracellular interactions may determine isotype specificity of the BCR. The transmembrane helices of IgM-BCR form a four-helix bundle that appears to be conserved among all BCR isotypes. This structure contains 14 glycosylation sites on the IgM-BCR ectodomains and reveals three potential surface binding sites. Our work reveals the organizational principles of the BCR and may facilitate the design of antibody-based therapeutics.
Is it safe to hug a robot like Baymax?
Authors: Murphy Robin R.
Published: September 2022

Disney’s
Baymax!
series may be science fiction, but soft robotics is real.
Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Megaprosthetic Reconstructions: Drug and Dosing May Matter More than Duration
Authors: Byers Isabelle S. , Turner Nicholas A. , Levine Nicole L. , Lazarides Alexander L. , Evans Daniel R. , Spasojevic Ivan , Fan Ping , Jung Sin-Ho , Gao Junheng , Visgauss Julia D. , Brigman Brian E. , Eward William C.
Published: September 2022

In orthopedic oncology, the implant of a megaprosthetic device is standard of care after large-scale tumor resection involving segmental removal of bone. Infection remains the leading cause of implant failure, often resulting in major morbidity.
High-Level Expression of Cell-Surface Signaling System Hxu Enhances Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bloodstream Infection
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhou Yuchen , Chen Peishan , Cai Zeqiong , Yue Zhuo , Jin Yongxin , Cheng Zhihui , Wu Weihui , Yang Liang , Ha Un-Hwan , Bai Fang
Published: September 2022

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
are associated with a high mortality rate in the clinic. However, the fitness mechanisms responsible for the evolution of virulence factors that facilitate the dissemination of
P. aeruginosa
to the bloodstream are poorly understood.
The Rotating Front Row Increases Student-Reported Participation during Discussion
Authors: Huseby Medora
Published: September 2022

Discussion is a common method to engage students in large-enrollment lectures. Many instructors rely on voluntary participation from students, which can lead to inequitable student contributions and exposure to a narrow scope of opinions.
Exogenously Scavenged and Endogenously Synthesized Heme Are Differentially Utilized by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Donegan Rebecca K. , Fu Yibo , Copeland Jacqueline , Idga Stanzin , Brown Gabriel , Hale Owen F. , Mitra Avishek , Yang Hui , Dailey Harry A. , Niederweis Michael , Jain Paras , Reddi Amit R.
Published: September 2022

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
infects ~25% of the world’s population and causes tuberculosis (TB), the second leading cause of death from infectious disease. Heme is an essential metabolite for
M. tuberculosis
, and targeting the unique heme biosynthetic pathway of
M. tuberculosis
could serve as an effective therapeutic strategy.
Left orderability for surgeries on the [1,1,2,2,2j] two-bridge knots
Authors: Le Khanh
Published: September 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a [Formula: see text]-homology solid torus. In this paper, we give a cohomological criterion for the existence of an interval of left orderable Dehn surgeries on [Formula: see text]. We apply this criterion to prove that the two-bridge knot that corresponds to the continued fraction [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] admits an interval of left orderable Dehn surgeries. This family of two-bridge knots gives some positive evidence for a question of Xinghua Gao.
Trending Topics in Software Engineering (1)
Authors: Forti Stefano
Published: September 2022

The continuous evolution of Software Engineering (SE) comes with a series of methodological and technical challenges to be faced, modelled and suitably tackled. Particularly, we observed that modern software systems are more and more deployed onto pervasive Cloud-IoT networks and composed of heterogeneous distributed components that interact to achieve a common business logic. Such phenomena naturally lead to the continuous development of newly trending topics worth exploring and discussing within our community, spanning the whole lifecycle of software applications (i.e. from design to development, testing, deployment, and management).
AI Adoption
Authors: El-Deeb Ahmed
Published: September 2022

While Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been an industry buzzword the past 15+ years, AI as a subject is not something new. The term AI has been coined by John McCarthy in 1956 and Neural Networks has been a popular subject well in the 1980s. It's just that AI has undergone a long journey of invention and entrepreneurial phase; and seem to still not fully over it. The question now why the industry is not crossing the chasm to the mass production phase? Why most companies are not relying on AI product to reduce their churn and increase their efficiency? In this paper, I will survey the major factors that play critical role in the slow AI adoption across the software industry.
An interview with Miryung Kim - 2022 SIGSOFT Awardee
Authors: Soldani Jacopo
Published: September 2022

Miryung Kim received the 2022 SIGSOFT Influential Educator Award for outstanding achievements in undergraduate and graduate mentoring with emphasis on research excellence in software engineering, diversity, and inclusion. She received a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Washington, Seattle (USA), and she is a Professor and a Vice Chair of graduate studies at UCLA Computer Science. Her research interests include the detection of code clones and code duplication, as well as solutions for their management and removal. She has helped to define the field of software engineering for data intensive computing.
Book Review - Enterprise Integration Patterns
Authors: Rogers David S.
Published: September 2022

The book Enterprise Integration Patterns: Designing Building and Deploying Messaging Solutions is written by Hohpe and Woolf and published by Addison Wesley © 2004, ISBN-13: 978-0-321-20068-6, 683 pp., $69.99.
Phoresy and Mites: More Than Just a Free Ride
Authors: Seeman Owen D. , Walter David Evans
Published: September 2022

Mites are masters at attaching to larger animals, often insects, in a temporary symbiosis called phoresy that allows these tiny animals to exploit patchy resources. In this article, we examine phoresy in the Acari, including those that feed on their carriers in transit, from a broad perspective. From a phylogenetic perspective, phoresy has evolved several times from free-living ancestors but also has been lost frequently. Rotting logs appear to be the first patchy resource exploited by phoretic mites, but the evolution of rapid life cycles later permitted exploitation of short-lived resources. As phoresy is a temporary symbiosis, most species have off-host interactions with their carrier. These relationships can be highly complex and context dependent but often are exploitative of the carrier's resources or progeny. Transitions from phoresy to parasitism seem widespread, but evidence for transitions from obligate phoretic parasitism to permanent parasitism is weak.
Management of Insect Pests with Bt Crops in the United States
Authors: Gassmann Aaron J. , Reisig Dominic D.
Published: September 2022

Genetically engineered corn and cotton that produce insecticidal toxins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been used to manage insect pests in the United States and elsewhere. In some cases, this has led to regional suppression of pest populations and pest eradication within the United States, and these outcomes were associated with reductions in conventional insecticides and increased profits for farmers. In other instances, pests evolved resistance to multiple Bt traits, compromising the capacity of Bt crops to manage pests and leading to increased feeding injury to crops in the field. Several aspects of pest biology and pest–crop interactions were associated with cases where pests remained susceptible versus instances where pests evolved resistance. The viability of future transgenic traits can be improved by learning from these past outcomes. In particular, efforts should be made to delay resistance by increasing the prevalence of refuges and using integrated pest management.
The Flow Physics of Face Masks
Authors: Mittal Rajat , Breuer Kenneth , Seo Jung Hee
Published: September 2022

Although face masks have been used for over a century to provide protection against airborne pathogens and pollutants, close scrutiny of their effectiveness has peaked in the past two years in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The simplicity of face masks belies the complexity of the physical phenomena that determine their effectiveness as a defense against airborne infections. This complexity is rooted in the fact that the effectiveness of face masks depends on the combined effects of respiratory aerodynamics, filtration flow physics, droplet dynamics and their interactions with porous materials, structural dynamics, physiology, and even human behavior. At its core, however, the face mask is a flow-handling device, and in the current review, we take a flow physics–centric view of face masks and the key phenomena that underlie their function. We summarize the state of the art in experimental measurements, as well as the growing body of computational studies that have contributed to our understanding of the factors that determine the effectiveness of face masks. The review also lays out some of the important open questions and technical challenges associated with the effectiveness of face masks.
Infectious and Inflammatory Pathways to Cough
Authors: Naqvi Kubra F. , Mazzone Stuart B. , Shiloh Michael U.
Published: September 2022

Coughing is a dynamic physiological process resulting from input of vagal sensory neurons innervating the airways and perceived airway irritation. Although cough serves to protect and clear the airways, it can also be exploited by respiratory pathogens to facilitate disease transmission. Microbial components or infection-induced inflammatory mediators can directly interact with sensory nerve receptors to induce a cough response. Analysis of cough-generated aerosols and transmission studies have further demonstrated how infectious disease is spread through coughing. This review summarizes the neurophysiology of cough, cough induction by respiratory pathogens and inflammation, and cough-mediated disease transmission.
Quantification of Chlorine Gas Generation in Mixed-Acid Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Wittman Reed , Poirier Cassandria , Pratt Harry , Anderson Travis , Preger Yuliya
Published: September 2022

Mixed-acid vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) utilizing a sulfuric and hydrochloric acid electrolyte have emerged as an attractive option to increase energy density and temperature stability relative to conventional VRFBs for grid energy storage applications. However, the inclusion of hydrochloric acid introduces the possibility of chlorine gas (Cl2) evolution which poses a significant safety risk. Here, we present the first direct measurements of Cl2 generation in a mixed-acid VRFB. Under normal operating conditions, the Cl2 concentration can easily reach over 3% of the system headspace. Cl2 is generated electrochemically at the positive electrode as the system is charged beyond ~74% state of charge. We explore the impact of electrolyte chemistry, gas partial pressure, and mass transport limitations on Cl2 generation, and propose mitigation strategies. This fundamental analysis lays a foundation for assessing the risk of gas evolution in other Cl- containing electrolytes and avoiding incidents in fielded systems.
Multicriteria Decision-Making Problem via Weighted Cosine Similarity Measure and Several Characterizations of Hypergroup and (Weak) Polygroups under the Triplet Single-Valued Neutrosophic Structure
Authors: Hameed M. Shazib , Ahmad Zaheer , Ali Shahbaz , Mahu Augustine Larweh , Mosa Walid F. A
Published: September 2022

Polygroups are an extended form of groups and a subclass of hypergroups that follow group-type axioms. In this paper, we define a triplet single-valued neutrosophic set, which is a generalization of fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, and neutrosophic sets, and we combine this novel concept with hypergroups and polygroups. Firstly, the main goal of this paper is to introduce hypergroups, polygroups, and anti-polygroups under a triplet single-valued neutrosophic structure and then present various profound results. We also examine the interaction and properties of level sets of triplet single-valued neutrosophic polygroups and (normal) subpolygroups. Secondly, we rank the alternatives and select the best ones in a single-valued neutrosophic environment using the weighted cosine similarity measure between each alternative and the ideal alternative. Finally, we provide an example that clearly shows how the proposed decision-making method is applied.
Optimization Design of Short Life Cycle Product Logistics Supply Chain Scheme Based on Support Vector Machine
Authors: Li Foshang
Published: September 2022

In order to better solve the problem of product logistics supply chains with short life cycles, a solution optimization of short life cycle product logistics supply chains based on support vector machines is proposed. This method recommends key technical problems and solutions through information represented by support vector machines and explore the research of short life cycle products to realize logistics supply chains. The research shows that, whether it is a retail channel or a network channel, the RMSE value of the effect index predicted by SVM is smaller than the RMSE value of the improved Bass. It can be seen that the SVM demand forecasting model constructed by considering multiple input factors can obtain a more accurate forecasting effect. The accuracy of the demand forecasting model based on SVM is verified.
[Retracted] Development and Optimization of Network Music Course Resources Based on Data Mining Technology under the Personalized Online Education Environment
Authors: Yan Xiuli
Published: September 2022

The ever‐evolving Internet technology has brought more information resources for music teaching than ever before. For music educators, figuring out how to create and use these tools more effectively has become a pressing concern. China will usher in a new age of innovation and integration between the Internet and different traditional businesses with the idea of “Internet Plus.” MOOCs present significant challenges to traditional teachers and teaching methods as a typical practice of the transformation of education informatization to innovation, and they also drive global education toward a new process of informatization development. This paper adopts Internet thinking as the guiding ideology for the development of future music education concepts and, concurrently, conducts specific transformation research based on Internet technology from four aspects: music teaching content, music teaching methods, music education concepts, and the passing down of traditional music culture. The improved association rule algorithm is used to organise the students’ access data, decide which high‐frequency websites are accessible to the students, and realize the intuitive positioning of high‐frequency access and learning issues. Assist the school’s decision‐making and educational levels in identifying the issues that students have with their learning, and then, improve the network teaching platform’s material to complete the task of personalized network education.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia in a Cholecystectomy Specimen
Authors: Hernandez Caballero Ana I. , Castro-Echeverry Eduardo , Katerji Roula , Gonzalez Christopher
Published: September 2022

A 76-year-old man was admitted into the ER for upper abdominal pain. Physical exam and CT scan confirmed acute cholecystitis with multiple cholelithis, and a cholecystectomy was performed. The cholecystectomy specimen showed chronic cholecystitis with exuberant inflammatory infiltrate. On careful examination of the specimen, large atypical cells with vesicular chromatin, folded nuclei, and inconspicuous red nucleoli were noted percolating into the gallbladder wall and lining vascular spaces. These cells were positive for CD117, CD43, and myeloperoxidase and negative for CD20 and CD3 stains. Further workup including peripheral blood flow cytometry confirmed a population of circulating immature myeloid precursors comprising about 38% of events. This is a rare case of acute myeloid leukemia that came to clinical attention by incidentally involving the gallbladder.
[Retracted] Fungal‐ and Algal‐Derived Synthesis of Various Nanoparticles and Their Applications
Authors: Michael Anugrah , Singh Aniket , Roy Arpita , Islam Md. Rabiul
Published: September 2022

Nanoparticles synthesis through biological mediated methods with a particular focus on the processes mediated by fungi and algae is discussed, which systematically reviews nanoparticle characterization, composition, synthesis methods, and, lastly but not least, the applications of NPs across five different categories to provide a reference for future research. Most traditional methods to generate nanoparticles have certain limitations, like the toxicity of precursor materials, the need for high‐temperature management, and the high cost of synthesis, which ultimately hinders their utility in sectors. Greener synthesis through fungus and algae done through bioreduction by biomolecules or enzymes present in them is low‐energy, low‐cost, and needs a low‐temperature environment, providing a unique technique for the manufacture of various metallic nanoparticles utilized in an array of industries and healthcare.
Unravelling the Methylene Blue Adsorption Mechanism on Doped and Nondoped Polyaniline: A Combined Molecular Modeling and Experimental Investigation
Authors: Djellali Souad , Touati Amani , Semmeq Abderrahmane , Kebaili Maya , Badawi Michael , Bonilla-Petriciolet Adrián
Published: September 2022

A multiscale investigation including computational chemistry calculations and experimental studies was performed to elucidate and understand the methylene blue (MB) adsorption on polyaniline (PANI) from an aqueous solution. Static DFT and DFT-based ab initio molecular dynamics were used to characterize the intermolecular interactions of this dye molecule with nondoped and doped PANI. Experimental adsorption studies at different operating conditions were performed to complement the mechanism analysis of this adsorption system. Infrared spectroscopy studies and ab initio calculations showed the important role of π-π stacking and van der Waals interactions for the dye adsorption on PANI. Experimental results of MB adsorption on the PANI surface indicated that alkaline conditions were more favorable than acidic conditions where the MB adsorption capacity ranged from 9.91 mg/g at pH 1.8 to 23.16 mg/g at pH 10.9. Equilibrium adsorption studies with nondoped PANI revealed a fast removal of the dye molecules where the equilibrium adsorption was reached after 45 minutes. The kinetic parameters were calculated with the pseudo-second and pseudo-first order models, while the adsorption mechanism was analyzed using the intraparticle diffusion, Boyd, and Elovich models. Dye adsorption equilibrium was studied at pH 8 and 30 °C where Temkin, Freundlich, Langmuir, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models as well as a statistical physics monolayer model were employed in data analysis. The saturation dye adsorption capacity was 40.2 mg/g where an inclined adsorption orientation of dye molecules on the PANI surface could be expected with an adsorption energy of 14.0 kJ/mol. This interaction energy clearly indicated that only physical interactions were involved in the MB dye adsorption mechanism, which was also confirmed by the calculations with the D-R isotherm model. These theoretical and experimental results are important to understand the dye adsorption properties of conductive polymers and to consolidate their application in the synthesis of new adsorbents and composites for water treatment.
[Retracted] Emergency Medicine with Advanced Surgery Protocols: A Review
Authors: Mills Hilla , Acquah Ronald , Tang Nova , Cheung Luke , Klenk Susanne , Glassen Ronald , Pirson Magali , Albert Alain , Hoang Duong Trinh , Van Thang Nguyen
Published: September 2022

One of the most burning issues in health system is the concern of handling patients that requires emergency surgery. Emergency general surgery is done on both traumatic and nontraumatic acute disorders. Severe traumatic injury and bleeding is one of the causing agents for high mortality rate globally. Another group of patients that are in need of emergency surgery are those with heart failure, and in this particular paper, we analyzed emergency medicine with advanced surgery protocols focusing on gastric cancer, cardiac surgery, and bleeding as well as coagulopathy following traumatic injury.
Investigating the Effect of Cooling Media on Hardness, Toughness, Coefficient of Friction, and Wear Rate of Mild Steel Heat Treated at Different Temperatures
Authors: Pita M. , Lebea L.
Published: September 2022

Mild steel is a common material used extensively in the manufacturing industry. This manuscript investigates the effect of cooling processes on the hardness, toughness, coefficient of friction, and wear rate of mild steel heat treated at different temperatures. The material was heat treated in a furnace at two different temperatures (500 and 900°C) and cooled by water, oil, and air. Microhardness and impact tests were conducted using ASTM E384 and ASTM E23-12C. For dry conditions, the tribology ASTM G99 test standard was used to determine the coefficient of friction and wear rate per sample. The results show that mild steel heat treated at 900°C and cooled with water increased the material’s hardness by 24% and toughness by 23.3% as compared to oil- and air-cooling media. The same heating temperature and water-cooling media produce the material with a low wear rate (3.223E-008).
Application of Hamacher Aggregation Operators in the Selection of the Cite for Pilot Health Project based on Complex T-spherical Fuzzy Information
Authors: Ullah Kifayat , Kousar Zareena , Pamucar Dragan , Jovanov Goran , Vranješ Ðordje , Hussain Amir , Ali Zeeshan
Published: September 2022

The framework of complex T-spherical fuzzy set (CTSFS) deals with unclear and imprecise information with the help of membership degree (MD), abstinence degree (AD), nonmembership degree (NMD), and refusal degree (RD). Due to this characteristic, the CTSFSs can be applied to any phenomenon having the involvement of human opinions. This article aims to familiarize some Hamacher aggregation operators (HAOs) grounded on CTSFSs. To do so, we define some Hamacher operational laws in the environment of CTSFS by using Hamacher t-norm (HTNM) and Hamacher t-conorm (HTCNM). A few numbers of AOs are developed with the help of defined operational laws based on HTNM and HTCNM including the complex T-spherical fuzzy (CTSF), Hamacher weighted averaging (HWA) (CTSFHWA), CTSF Hamacher ordered weighted averaging (CTSFHOWA) operator, CTSF Hamacher hybrid weighted averaging (CTSFHHWA) operator, CTSF Hamacher weighted geometric (CTSFHWG) operator, CTSF Hamacher ordered weighted geometric (CTSFHOWG) operator, and CTSF Hamacher hybrid weighted geometric (CTSFHHWG) operator. Some interesting properties of developed HAOs are investigated and then these HAOs are applied to the multi-attribute decision making (MADM) problem. For the significance of these HAOs, the results obtained from these HAOs are compared with existing aggregation operators (AOs).
Efficient Monitoring and Adaptive Control of Indoor Air Quality Based on IoT Technology and Fuzzy Inference
Authors: Zhao Liang , Zhou Huan , Chen Rui , Shen Zhaoyang
Published: September 2022

In recent years, more and more occupants have suffered from respiratory illness due to poor indoor air quality (IAQ). In order to address this issue, this paper presents a method to achieve efficient monitoring and adaptive control of IAQ. Firstly, an indoor air quality monitoring and control system (IAQMCS) is developed using IoT technology. Then, based on fuzzy inference, a novel fuzzy air quality index (FAQI) model is proposed to effectively assess IAQ. Furthermore, a simple adaptive control mechanism, called SACM, is designed to automatically control the IAQMCS according to a real-time FAQI value. Finally, extensive experiments are performed by comparing with regular control (time-based control), which show that our proposed method effectively measures various air parameters (CO2, VOC, HCHO, PM2.5, PM10, etc.) and has good performance in terms of evaluation accuracy, average FAQI value, and overall IAQ.
Risk Factors of Catheter-Related Infection in Unplanned Extubation of Totally Implantable Venous-Accessportsin Tumor Patients
Authors: Xu Min , Deng Lie , Zhu Yanyi , Li Yuanfang , Wang Fan , Li Hui , Zhou Ying
Published: September 2022

Background. Totally implantable intravenous ports (TIVAPs) are mostly used for long-term intravenous infusion therapy in cancer patients and can be left in the body for long periods of time for easy management, making them a simple and safe infusion device. Although the risks associated with long-term retention of fully implantable IV ports are less than those associated with other intravenous catheters, various complications may still occur at the time of implantation or during long-term use. Purpose. To provide a scientific basis for clinical reduction of implantable intravenous port-associated infection complications by studying the risk factors for catheter-associated infection complications in patients applying implantable intravenous ports. Methods. A retrospective study was conducted on oncology patients treated with TIVAP at our hospital between January 2017 and November 2021, with a review of patients who were unplanned for extubation. Their demographic data, underlying disease status, and surgery-related data were counted to summarize and analyze the complications and related influencing factors of implantation and postimplantation. Results. A total of 70 individuals with a mean age of 56.49 ± 12.19 years were included in the study. Among them, 39 were male and 64 had the highest percentage of epithelial tumors, followed by tumors of the lymphopoiesis system and mesenchymal tumors with 4 and 2 cases, respectively. Forty-eight of these patients did not have their ports removed as planned due to the occurrence of catheter-related hematogenous infections. In univariate analysis, BMI and neutropenia were risk factors for catheter-associated infections. In the multivariate analysis, BMI (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.07–1.78,

p
=
0.013

) was an independent risk factor for catheter-associated infections. Conclusions. The overall complication rate of fully implanted intravenous ports was high, but most complications improved with symptomatic management, and no deaths due to port complications were identified. Infection was the most common complication, with catheter-associated bloodstream infection being the most common cause of unplanned port extraction. Patients with a higher BMI were at high risk of developing implantable IV port-associated infections, which may be an independent risk factor for implantable IV port-associated infections.
Efficacy and Safety Analysis of Submucosal Tunnel Endoscopic Resection for Submucosal Masses in Esophageal Muscularis Propria
Authors: Liu Qianyi , Ruan Weishan , Liu Zhishang , Li Jiefeng , Li Jiayan
Published: September 2022

Objective. To analyze the efficacy and safety of submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection (STER) for the treatment of submucosal masses in esophageal muscularis propria. Method. A total of 272 patients with submucosal masses in esophageal muscularis propria diagnosed and treated in our hospital from February 2019 to January 2022 were randomly selected for the study and then were randomly divided into the STER group (

n
=
136

) and the endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD) group (

n
=
136

) according to the random number table method. Patients in the STER and ESD groups were treated with STER and ESD, respectively. The clinical data of patients from the two groups were collected and compared. The clinical effects and the changes of surgery-related indexes of patients after ESD and STER treatment were observed. The safety of ESD and STER was compared. The factors influencing the efficacy of STER treatment for submucosal masses in esophageal muscularis propria were analyzed. Result. There were significant differences between the STER group and the ESD group in terms of tumor size, lesion level, adhesion and surgical approaches (

P
<
0.05

). The effective rates of ESD treatment and STER treatment were 98.53% and 88.97%, respectively. Meanwhile, the effective rates of STER treatment were significantly higher than those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). In addition, the patients in the STER group had longer operation time, less blood loss, and shorter hospital stay compared with those in the ESD group (

P
<
0.05

). Adverse reactions occurred during ESD treatment and STER treatment included delayed bleeding, adhesion, perforation, and pleural effusion with the total incidence of adverse reactions of 4.41% and 13.97%, respectively. The adverse reactions in STER group were prominently less than these in the ESD group (

P
<
0.05

). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that independent risk factors, including tumor size, lesion level, adhesion, and surgical approaches, affected the efficacy of STER in the treatment of submucosal masses in esophageal muscularis propria (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. STER is an effective method for the treatment of submucosal masses in esophageal muscularis propria, which can exhibit a good effect with faster postoperative recovery and higher safety, thereby being worthy of clinical application and promotion. Tumor size, lesion level, adhesion, and surgical approaches are all related factors affecting the effect of STER treatment.
Hybrid Scheduling Model Based on Fare Incentives for Peak Time Interval of the Metro: The Harbin Metro System
Authors: Pan Haitao , Feng Shumin
Published: September 2022

Considering the operation efficiency of the metro system, the boarding queuing problem is a complex and intractable dilemma caused by the security and ticket checking process in urban metro stations, especially for the mass-transit metro system in China. In this study, a novel scheme of fare differentials based on demand control and congestion management for reducing congestion in the metro boarding process was proposed. In addition, we extended Vickrey’s point-queue model into a boarding congestion model incorporating the bidesired departure time considering the security and ticket checking process in stations as a continuum bottleneck. The train-run and departure time choosing behaviors of passengers under different schedule gaps of the adjacent train runs are explored when the boarding system achieves user equilibrium in the proposed model. Then, we examined the demand regulatory mechanisms of fare incentives (fare differentials) in reducing the queuing boarding time in metro stations when the optimization of the schedule gaps is ineffective in the pattern of mass-scale travel demand. The analytical solutions of these two optimal methods (schedule gaps and fare differentials) for boarding congestion management are presented. After comparing the two congestion-reduced methods, the fare incentive rule has a better regulation effect on the smoothing of travel demand. The results of the sensitivity analysis using numerical simulations reveal the regulatory mechanism of fare differentials in reducing the queuing time and increasing the incremental revenue. (1) The demand threshold is only related to the boarding capacity and schedule gaps (i.e., the greater the boarding capacity and schedule gaps, the greater the passenger capacity of the metro station). (2) The effect of fare incentives in reducing the boarding congestion is better if the lower fare is implemented in the later train runs. (3) A lower fare differential between two adjacent metro runs can be used to regulate the proportion of staggered passengers in the queuing line to reduce the crowd gathering in the metro station hall when travel demand is high, meanwhile, a higher fare differential between two adjacent metro shuttles can increase incremental revenue effectively. (4) The measure of fare differentials causes worse results in both the reduction of the queuing time and the increase of the incremental revenue when the metro travel demand is lower than the demand threshold. This conclusion is consistent with the pattern of reality and experience. Therefore, the definition and judgment conditions of demand thresholds, introduced in this study, can provide theoretical guidance when implementing fare incentive policies in aviation and metro networks.