bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POETIC STATEMENT AS THE FIXATION OF HUMAN EXISTENCE
Authors:   Saransk Art College named after F. V. Sychkov, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia, Russian Federation, Abdrashitova I. V. , Peremislov I. A. ,   Graduate School of Business and Management, Argosy University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Published: October 2021

The aim of the article is to highlight a new aspect of Kunstdasein, namely the unleashing of the spiritual and creative dimension of a man, his connection with the world in terms of reading or writing poetry. The poetic intention makes it possible for a man to be fulfilled. Moreover, sensual, psychological, life and other issues associated with the poetic word, lead a person to their metaphysical understanding. The relevance of the article lies in comprehension of the fact that revealing oneself to the world through the discovery of one's uniqueness is a timeless task of human existence. The designation of conditions for the recognition of one's individuality is most important in the era of globalization. Poetry shows the polyphony and the interpretative ambiguity by reducing and improving the text, by softening and avoiding direct statements, thus poetry places a person in the conditions of an active interpreter and co-author. The form and the content offered by a poet show the direction to a certain goal: to the sensual, intuitive comprehension of a person filled with creativity, which is the fixation of Kunstdasein. The person in this case — the viewer (reader) and author (artist, poet) — is the initiator of its spiritual essence. The article gives examples of author's lyrical poems illustrating sensual, philosophical and religious aspects of human existence.
CHINESE TRADITIONAL ART — QUYI
Authors:   Heihe University, Heihe City, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China, Pengfei Wei ,   Moscow State Institute of Music named after A. G. Schnittke, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive cultural and art history analysis of such a form of performing arts as Quyi, which has deep historical roots in China. Quyi art is endowed not only with a unique aesthetic function, but also has cultural significance and plays an important role in the history of China. Based on the study of historical sources, the article analyzes the traditions of vocal performance of Quyi, taking into account the cultural characteristics of certain regions of China and dialect differences, vocal variations, types of performing techniques, styles, schools, etc. Key objects of the review are the individual vocal schools and the typology of Quyi. In connection with changes in cultural trends and anatomical justifications of sound production, the author proposes an updated classification of schools and styles of traditional Chinese art, which represents an innovative approach to the theory of studying the debated form of vocal performance art. Currently, in the background of the rapidly developing society, the accumulation of knowledge, the improvement of the cultural level of the population as a whole and the development of vocal traditions don't look optimistic. Most young people in China are not familiar with this form of traditional art and identify Quyi with singing, dancing, and other forms of musical creativity. In connection with the above, the study and the systematization of information about Quyi are relevant for modern musicology.
"THE FRONT": MUSIC FOR A FILM AS AN ARCHIVAL DOCUMENT
Authors:   Ippolitov-Ivanov State Musical Pedagogical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Romashchuk I. M.
Published: October 2021

"Music and cinema" is an important and popular topic in modern science. Correlation of visual and sound text, author’s music and various quotations, special artistic means and traditional academic writing — these and many other things provide an opportunity to explore a film as a three-dimensional and multi-component whole, to update the knowledge about the work of those artists who are involved in film production. In this regard, music in cinema is a special and yet still insufficiently explored area. It is well known that the music in a film and the cinematographic score, created by the composer are, most often, two close, but not identical texts. Not all musical numbers created or even recorded can be heard in a film, especially if we are talking about movies of the war years, because their integrity, their safety was not always possible. The film can be preserved, find itself in the vaults of history and not contain all the musical material, as happened to one of the most notable wartime films directed by G. N. and S. D. Vasilyev "The Front" (1943) with music by G. N. Popov (1904–1972). Based on the widely known play by A. E. Korneychuk, this film immediately attracted attention by its acute problem setting of front command in the first years of the war. The play, which won the Stalin Prize of the first degree, was staged in many theaters of the country and was a huge success, as was the film "The Front", one of the main roles in which B. Babochkin played. The film, as well as the play, was included in the Historical fund of works of national art. Based on archival materials, the author analyzes the preserved musical notes for the film "The Front" in the context of the play by A. Korneychuk and the script for the film, created by the playwright together with the directors. As the research has shown, the film "The Front" with the music by G. N. Popov is an important part of the art of the wartime, when, according to the composer, all forces in the creative field were given to "the national cause — the fight against the enemy" [2, 134].
ARTIST DMITRY MOCHALSKY AND HIS WORKS
Authors:   Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, Moscow, Russian Federation, Mochalsky N. A.
Published: October 2021

"Girlfriends", "Virgin Soil Newlyweds", "A Protracted Explanation", "New Settlers. From a Tent to a New House", "Day off", "Tractor Tent" — these and other works were created by the artist Dmitry Mochalsky during the thaw era, his small genre compositions of the war years were continued in the whole cycle of works "People of Virgin Lands". This stage in the artist's work is characterized by a free manner of painting, the discovery and revival of the traditions of color, coming from the masters of the beginning of the century. The main direction in the works of artists of the 1908s–1988s was the image of the simple man, in contrast to the heroic canvases of the "cult of personality" period, this was facilitated by the weakening of censorship and condemnation of many previous negative trends in art.
LITERARY BOHEMIA IN THE USSR. STATE AND UNDERGROUND
Authors:   Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kirillina O. M.
Published: October 2021

After Khrushchev's "Thaw" a new type of bohemia was formed in the USSR. Sensing the breath of freedom, many creative people were not ready to return to the borders, which were again clearly marked by the state. Art in the USSR was divided into official and unofficial, underground. Despite the difference in tastes and ideas, the underground was a rather cohesive structure: this was facilitated by the constant threat from the state and the need to feel support in a situation where writers were deprived of readers and objective criticism. Over time, the underground bohemia had its own luminaries, it became possible to publish (samizdat). After the mass emigration of the 1970s, there was a split between those who left the country, and between different generations of the underground. The state loosened its grip, samizdat became fashionable among the intelligentsia. The new bohemia did not seek to engage in a fierce battle with the state, hiding from its pressure in the kitchens of its own apartments and in the back rooms, polemizing with officials, first of all, at the formal level. The real test for the underground was the sharp changes in the country in the late 1980s: not everyone passed the test of time and market.
LEGACY OF XIAO YOUMEI: PATHS TO EUROPEAN MUSIC
Authors:   Xinyang University, Xinyang, People’s Republic of China, Kewu Zhang
Published: October 2021

The relevance of this topic is linked to the need to understand the way in which Asian countries develop theoretical musicology in active cross-cultural communication. This work examines Xiao Youmei (1884–1940), one of the most outstanding representatives of Chinese music culture in the first half of the XXth century. His contribution to Chinese music education and science include the organization of the Shanghai Conservatory of Music (1927), the upgrading of national musicology and the development of the first textbooks on music theory and history for training specialists. Of particular importance is Xiao Youmei's educational activities, related to the study of European music and the definition of the main directions in its research. The article mainly discusses the methods used by the Chinese musicologist in introducing European music to the students of the first music educational institutions in China. Theoretical and historical problems of European music are taught in Xiao Youmei’s textbooks: "Essays on the History of Western Music" (1920–1923), "General Musicology" (1928), "Harmony" (1932). They were distinguished by the following features: an overview principle of the presentation of the material, an expansion of the range of languages used by the term authors, several musical examples and a lack of scientific resources, which is explained by the stage of origin of the music educational system and scientific platform in China in the first decades of the XXth century. One of the main features of the content expressed in Xiao Youmei's textbooks is the correlation between various parameters of Chinese and European music. The paper provides examples illustrating the method of using the notions of one thinking system to explain the other (in the field of harmony, instrumental science). It is explained by the transitional stage in the formation of Chinese musicology — from the old system of notation to the new one.
MODERN PERFORMANCE ON THE KAZAKH KOBYZ
Authors:   Kazakh National University of Аrts, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Yeginbayeva T. Zh.
Published: October 2021

Global processes in the musical culture of Kazakhstan are the result of the numerous events that have taken place in the country over the past 20 years. The independence of the state has become a key factor that has had a decisive impact on the economic, socio-political and cultural development of the country. We have entered a new life, which has a rich cultural heritage and was carefully preserved by our ancestors. One of the proofs is the history of Kazakh kobyz art from ancient times to the present day. Modern kobyz art is closely connected with ancient history and has a rich natural tendency for new development, based on centuries of experience. Therefore, kobyz music of the XXth–XXIst centuries absorbed the traditions of European genres and styles, and is widely used in mass music, in various directions of ethnorock, art-rock, folk and others. Two lines of development of music for kobyz and music on kobyz existed in ancient times and nowadays. From here comes the divergence of creative direction among modern composers and in ensemble performance.
OLIGOTONICS AND CHASMATONICS IN TRADITIONAL SONGS OF NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS (on the 145th anniversary of the birth of Natalie Curtis)
Authors:   Gnesins Russian Academy of Music, Russian Federation, Moscow, Alpatova A. S.
Published: October 2021

The article is dedicated to the memory of the famous American ethnomusicologist Natalie Curtis Burlin (1875–1921), who made a significant contribution to the study of traditional music of North American Indians. This is the first experience in Russian musicology that addresses the theoretical issues of studying Native American vocal music. The main research problem of the article is the identification of the basic qualities of oligotonics and chasmatonics in traditional songs of North American Indians by the example of expeditionary records of Natalie Curtis. The author reveals that unichords, dichords and trichords, both in themselves and in their combinations, have semantic, symbolic and structure- forming significance for the formation of intonational structure of traditional Indian songs (lullaby, medicine, song-insert in mythological legend). The methodological base was formed by approaches of modern ethnomusicology (analysis of song genres of traditional ethnic music) and music theory (theory of mode and modal archetypes).
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT OF SYNESTHESIA AND FEATURES OF SYNESTHETIC PERCEPTION OF DEAF PEOPLE
Authors:   Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kozlova T. V.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to synesthesia, its study from the point of view of psychology and neuropsychology, features of synesthetic perception and importance of synesthesia for deaf people. The author refers to the works of modern researchers of synesthesia in the field of psychology and neuropsychology and examines various types of synesthetic reactions and associations. Synesthesia researchers study this phenomenon comprehensively, in the sensoryperceptual- cognitive continuum. Synesthetic stimuli and reactions are related to perception and can be considered in terms of its emotional component. It is emphasized that synesthesia affects the individual’s memory, in particular, A. R. Luria, who investigated the phenomenon of synesthesia, believes that synesthetic sensations contribute to better memorization of information, especially perceived from hearing. A. R. Luria notes that at hearing perception of a word, its phonetic component remains on the last place, and the dominant meaning is semantic. In synesthesia, a brighter visual and auditory image is attached to the perception of meaning. When memorizing, the visual component of the image remains the leading one. For deaf people, the meaning itself, perceived with the help of sign language, is already assigned to the visual component. But this is not always a visual image. The author refers to the testimonies of deaf people, who describe their synesthetic experience, showing that the absence of hearing is not an obstacle to the perception of sound, which can be felt by other senses, touch and vision.
A NEW ASPECT OF CULTURAL DIFFUSION
Authors:   Moscow University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russian Federation, Belyakova E. V.
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the problem of the ratio of everyday and specialized culture. We consider the division of culture into two levels: specialized and ordinary, the variants of cultural diffusion, and indicate the directions of distribution of cultural flows, while noting the beginning of the counter process of penetration of ordinary ideas into specialized ones. It is assumed that specialized knowledge, in constant contact with the knowledge of representatives of ordinary culture, loses its integrity and begins to include elements of its representations, which stands out as a new aspect. The term "cultural paradox" is proposed to be used for naming the specific socio-cultural situation. Conclusions are drawn about the need to pay attention to the subject in question in order to influence the current socio-cultural situation in society.
DEVELOPING THE EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF MUSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   National Institute of Education, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Gorbunova M. B. ,   Belarusian State Pedagogical University named after M. Tank, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of forming emotional intelligence as the most important component of a person’s success in social and personal terms. The necessity of developing emotional intelligence in primary school age is substantiated. The experience of musical activity is considered as a means of emotional development. The potential of various kinds of musical activity (musical perception, choral singing, instrumental ensemble music playing, musical creativity, musical educational and cognitive activity) for the development of children's emotional intelligence is revealed. The main types of tasks enriching the system of musical and didactic means and contributing to the improvement of emotional intelligence are characterized.
T. LESCHETIZKY'S PIANO TRADITIONS AND THEIR REFRACTION IN THE ACTIVITY OF SARATOV CONSERVATORY TEACHERS
Authors:   Saratov State Conservatory named after L. V. Sobinov, Saratov, Russian Federation, Lebedev A. E. , Voynova D. V. ,   Saratov State Conservatory named after L. V. Sobinov, Saratov, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of continuity of performing traditions in musical art. The relevance of the article is determined by the need for a detailed study of the Saratov piano school, especially in the initial period of its existence. The purpose of the article is to show the development of the piano school of T. Leschetizky, its influence on the musical culture of Saratov and the formation of education in the region using the example of the famous Saratov pianists I. Slivinsky, V. Adamovsky, A. Satanovsky and A. Katz. The main qualities of Leschetizky’s performing style, his contribution to the development of piano performance and the results of his pedagogical work are revealed. Special attention is paid to the activity of the famous Saratov pianist A. Satanovsky, his pedagogical attitudes and teaching methods. The novelty of the research is determined by the use of previously unknown archival materials, as well as information from the periodicals of the early XXth century, interviews of the authors with the teachers of the Saratov Conservatory.
S. PROKOFIEV'S "FLEETING MOMENTS": CHOREOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION OF THE PIANO MASTERPIECE
Authors:   Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tsvetkova E. O.
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes two versions of choreographic interpretation of S. Prokofiev's piano cycle "Fleeting Moments". The first one belongs to the outstanding Russian ballet master K. Ya. Goleizovsky, the second — to the German choreographer of American origin J. Neumeier. Both compositions are considered in the context of such a trend as "plastic interpretation of non-ballet music". There is a special demand for S. Prokofiev's works (not only ballet scores, but also "non-ballet" opuses) among choreographers, who are attracted by the theatrical nature of the composer's talent: brightness and sharpness of musical characteristics, reliance on "sound gesture", ability to reproduce rhythmic intonation of mood. The "Fleeting Moments" cycle as a whole and in terms of individual pieces is analyzed from the standpoint of openness to choreographic embodiment and compliance with canonical ballet forms and situations. It is underlined that in Goleizovsky's ballet a deeply felt emotion is brought to the fore. Due to the precise adherence to the logic of musical development, conceived as chamber-like this composition embodies the prototype of choreographic symphonism. In Neumeier's ballet, on the contrary, the dramatic plot is emphasized. The choreographer achieves an extraordinary impact by combining classical and modern elements in choreographic vocabulary, supplementing them with movements of free plasticity.
SERGEY YAKOVENKO: HE KNEW HOW TO EMBRACE THE IMMENSITY
Authors:   Ippolitov-Ivanov State Musical Pedagogical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Podguzova O. A.
Published: October 2021

The article is dedicated to the famous singer and teacher, Doctor of Arts Sergey Borisovich Yakovenko. It presents selected pages of the master's life, his performing activity, tells about the musician's creative contacts with representatives of Russian culture of the second half of the XXth – early XXIst centuries. The first performer of many modern vocal works, monooperas, cantatas and oratorios, outstanding and little-known works of world music, romances and songs by Soviet composers, S. B. Yakovenko is also a major figure in science, education and musical enlightenment. His research focuses on a wide range of issues related to vocal creativity, performance interpretation and singing traditions. The article also presents the basic pedagogical principles of the musician. The publication contains the material from one of the last works of S. B. Yakovenko "Three Hundred Years Without a Director", which never saw the light. It is devoted to the history of musical theater, the role of director, conductor and composer in it. The source for this research were the books of the prominent singer and teacher, articles about his work, personal conversations of the author with S. B. Yakovenko.
FOUR-PART CHORAL CONCERTOS BY NIKOLAY DILETSKY: ON THE WAY TO PUBLICATION
Authors:   Moscow State Tchaikovsky Conservatory, Moscow, Russian Federation, Plotnikova N. Yu. ,   State Institute for Art Studies, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

The author's discovery of 2012 four-part choral concertos by Nikolay Diletsky, an outstanding composer of the Baroque period, completed in 36, broadened the understanding of Russian Baroque music and the partes concerto genre. This was the starting point for preparing the works for publication (32 concertos are currently composed in full four-part scores). The article reveals the main stages of this path. Special attention is paid to source studies: searching in various archives in Russia and abroad for manuscripts containing Diletsky's concertos, attribution, dating and description of manuscript sources. Analyzing the paleographic features of manuscripts, their composition, the author makes assumptions and conclusions about the chronology and geography of Diletsky's concertos in Russia, about their demand in the singing repertoire of the last third of the XVIIth — late XVIIIth centuries, about the degree of popularity of certain concertos. Of particular importance is the discovery of the earliest manuscripts, which can be attributed to lifetime. The article examines various singing centers in Russia where manuscripts with Diletsky's concertos were created or preserved: Tobolsk, Novy Valaam and Yaroslavl, the largest center of the middle XVIIIth century.
FRAGMENT OF A LATIN MANUSCRIPT FROM THE ANDREY RUBLEV MUSEUM IN MOSCOW
Authors:   Moscow State Tchaikovsky Conservatory, Moscow, Russian Federation, Moskva Yu. V.
Published: October 2021

The article is dedicated to the new exhibit of the Andrey Rublev Museum in Moscow — a fragment of a Latin singing manuscript. Based on paleographic analysis and analysis of the manuscript content, comparing it with the repertoire of the oldest manuscripts and the Tridentine Breviary, the author confidently defines the type of manuscript and, with great care, its age and place of origin. Contents — chants of Matins for the feast of St. Paul the Apostle point to an antiphonarium, and the foliation suggests that the codex was a separate volume-sanctorale. The Romanesque origin of the document is evidenced by the square linear musical notation and the Rotunda text type. The singing repertoire of this fragment reveals closeness to a famous XIth century manuscript from Ivrea (Northern Italy), which makes it possible to specify the localization of this source. Musical notation and traces of a later singing repertoire (responsory to the text of St. Bernard of Clairvaux) determine the lower boundary of the manuscript's age — not earlier than the end of the XIIth century, and the differences from the Tridentine Breviary — the upper one: not later than the beginning of the XVIth century. True, the Rotunda font testifies rather to the XIIIth – XIVth century. In the future, a comparative analysis with a large number of reliable sources is required.
STORE PERMANENTLY (from the Archive of The Moscow State Conservatory)
Authors:   Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, Moscow, Russian Federation, Xize Chen
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the stages of the difficult path Chinese students have gone through to meet all the requirements of the European (Russian) music education system. This work is the first publication in Russia and China of archival materials from the personal files of a group of students who arrived in the 1950s–60s to study at The Moscow State Tchaikovsky Conservatory. Among the first 28 students from China, the absolute majority were composers and conductors, instrumentalists and vocalists. It was during their studies that they were adapted to the European system of music education. Their initial knowledge was classified by the Moscow Conservatory professorship as corresponding to the 1st or 2nd year of the school. Many materials from the archive indicate great difficulties in understanding the newly enrolled Chinese students in harmony, solfeggio, instrumentation and polyphony courses. At the same time, most of them were awarded diplomas with honors from the Conservatory, and for some graduates the result of training was a candidate's dissertation.
"THE QUEEN OF SPADES" BY A. S. PUSHKIN — P. I. TCHAIKOVSKY: TO THE QUESTION OF CULTURAL AND PSEUDO-CULTURAL REINTERPRETATION
Authors:   Institute of Music, Theater and Choreography of the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Yang Yu
Published: October 2021

The article attempts a comparative analysis of two theatrical performances of "The Queen of Spades" by A. S. Pushkin and P. I. Tchaikovsky. The first one is directed by Lydia Steier and conducted by Aziz Shokhakimov at the German Opera on the Rhine in Düsseldorf / Duisburg (2019). The second one is a promenade opera, implemented in the spirit of immersive theater and directed by Alexandr Legchakov in an ancient Moscow mansion on the Yauzsky Boulevard (2017). The purpose of the research is to reveal modern methods of working with the original source to demonstrate a starting point in artistic reflection, that carries out the revision of interpretations and reinterpretations of the opera text. Putting forward the thesis that the presented projects go beyond the interpretation method, through which the basic text is preserved at the level of an integral system, the author shows that both German and Russian directors rely on the method of reinterpretation in their works. Contributing to the total deformation of the original source, this method gives birth to a new system in which the original source is identified exclusively at the level of the element. At the same time, there is a distinction between cultural reinterpretation and pseudo-cultural one. Fundamental difference lies in the following: while cultural reinterpretation, actualizing a new view of "old truths", does not break the continuity of the past and present, pseudo-cultural reinterpretation destroys the desired links, "erasing" the previously existing experience. On the example of director's works by Lydia Steier and Alexandr Legchakov the author shows both a sample of pseudo-cultural and cultural reinterpretation.
THE BALLET "THE LITTLE HUMPBACKED HORSE" BY CESARE PUGNI: BORROWINGS AND CITATIONS OF MUSIC MATERIAL
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Panova E. V.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to one of the central works of creative heritage of the composer Cesare Pugni — the ballet "The Little Humpbacked Horse", which premiered on the stage of the Saint Petersburg Imperial Bolshoi (Stone) Theater in 1864 with choreography by Arthur Saint-Leon. "The Little Humpbacked Horse" was one of the ballets that survived the October Revolution of 1917 and was firmly established in the repertoire of Soviet theaters. For more than one hundred years, this work was very popular with the public, but due to the appearance of the ballet of the same name by R. K. Shchedrin, it was performed much less. This article analyzes the musical text of the ballet by C. Pugni on the basis of the clavier "The Little Humpbacked Horse", published during the author's lifetime, and reveals the features of the composer's approach to writing music for choreographic performance. Particular attention in this work is paid to the composer's method of working with musical material. C. Pugni not only skillfully stylizes and enriches the score with the genre features of Russian folklore, but also weaves quotations from popular works by other authors into the original musical fabric. In the ballet "The Little Humpbacked Horse" the composer uses the leitmotif system. In conclusion, the ballets are briefly characterized, which use Russian folk tales or their literary stylizations as the basis for the libretto. The significance of "The Little Humpbacked Horse" as the first choreographic performance in the history of Russian musical theater is assessed, in which such a plot is interpreted.
TAJIK CHORDOPHONE RUBOB: GENESIS, ERGONOMICS
Authors:   Tajik National Conservatory named after T. Sattorov, Dushanbe, Tajikistan, Davlatzoda B. D.
Published: October 2021

The orchestra, as the most perfect instrumental association of musical academism, is an unusual phenomenon for Tajik culture of the monodic tradition. The organization of orchestral music in Tajikistan reflects the diffusion of monody and written academism, inspired by the state cultural policy of the USSR since the 1930s. The relevance of this topic is related not only with the analysis of the organological properties of a particular rubob, but also with the dynamics of the entire Tajik folk orchestral culture. The author reveals the problems of changes in ethnoinstrumentalism that arose in the process of interethnic transformations by the method of included observation: to confirm the main theses of the article own pedagogical and performing experience was used. Materials concerning the etymology and genesis of Tajik rubob — "Kashgar", "Badakhshan", "Afghan" and "Pamir" — are derived from well-known historical sources, while information on the optimization of tessitour and performing ergonomics of rubob is obtained as a result of analytical studies by the author. It is concluded, that rubob in Tajikistan is a widely demanded phono instrument that has preserved its traditional design, sound extraction and repertoire, and the performing ergonomics of rubob has a deep centuries-old tradition.
Differential Effect of Nobiletin and Tangeretin on the Antioxidant Activity and Levels of α-Tocopherol and Retinol in Rats
Authors: Rodrigues Marilia , Gonçalves Danielle , Baeta Danielli , Manthey John , Cesar Thais
Published: October 2021

Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) have been associated with increased antioxidant activity in animal models. The effects of tangeretin (TAN) and nobiletin (NOB) on antioxidant activity in the blood and liver of rats were evaluated. Groups of rats were treated with 200 mg/kg bw/day of TAN or NOB, or placebo, for 15 days. Parental compounds and their metabolites were assessed in the liver by chromatographic analysis, in addition to α-tocopherol and retinol in the blood serum. Both TAN and NOB supplements were able to reduce malonaldehyde (MDA) in the rat’s blood by 22% and 18%, respectively, but only NOB increased redox reaction by 3%. Blood levels of retinol and α-tocopherol increased under TAN by 59% and 20%, respectively, but were not affected by NOB. Eight NOB metabolites were detected in the liver, but only two TAN metabolites were identified in low concentration. In conclusion, NOB improved antioxidant capacity and reduced lipid peroxidation, while increased levels of retinol and α-tocopherol after TAN supplement may have contributed to decreased blood lipid peroxidation.
Estudio del uso de la poliamida como alternativa al algodón y la paja en soportes de colecciones de historia natural
Authors: Plaza Beltrán Marta , Ramos-Lugo Oscar Luis , Rivas López Jorge
Published: October 2021

Los soportes para almacenamiento de colecciones de historia natural realizados con materiales como la madera, la resina, el papel, el cartón o el algodón pueden generar acidificación; sin olvidar las eventuales complicaciones que podrían derivarse del carácter polimatérico de los ejemplares, tanto por su naturaleza como por los materiales utilizados para su realización. Por tanto, al hablar de deterioro y acidificación, se deben contemplar los factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos. De este modo, contaminantes externos como el dióxido de azufre (SO2), óxidos de nitrógeno (NOx), ozono (O3) o sulfuro de hidrógeno (H2S), pueden interactuar con los contaminantes ácidos producidos por materiales dentro de los propios almacenes como el ácido acético (CH3COOH) y el ácido fórmico (HCOOH), donde la humedad relativa y la temperatura favorecen o evitan una determinada reacción. En este contexto, el algodón y la paja han tenido un protagonismo indiscutible en soportes y relleno en taxidermia artística y científica. Aquí presentamos como alternativa de relleno una poliamida empleada en otros contextos: el Perlón®.
AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF THE IDENTIFIED ALGORITHMS AND THEIR COMPARATIVE STUDY IN THE EARLY DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST CANCER
Authors: Sharma Mridul
Published: October 2021

These days one of the major inevitable ailments for females is bosom malignancy. The
appropriate medication and early findings are important stages to take to thwart this
ailment. Although, it's not easy to recognize due to its few vulnerabilities and lack of data.
Can use artificial intelligence to create devices that can help doctors and healthcare
workers to early detection of this cancer.
In This research, we investigate three specific machine learning algorithms widely used to
detect bosom ailments in the breast region. These algorithms are Support vector machine
(SVM), Bayesian Networks (BN) and Random Forest (RF). The output in this research is
based on the State-of-the-art technique.
Disparities in Usage of Telemedicine in Era of CoVid-19: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors:   Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Heidari Afshin , Biroudian Saeed , Zamanian Hadi
Published: October 2021

Review question / Objective: This study aims to distinguish disparities in usage and telemedicine access in the era of CoVid-19 from diverse perspectives. Condition being studied: Telemedicine is the distribution and delivery of health services through remote telecommunications. Since the beginning of the CoVid-19 Pandemic, the application of telemedicine services has been grown; and by increasing the usage of telemedicine, the access gaps of telemedicine are multiplied. The disparities of telemedicine access and use are being reviewed and discussed in this review. Information sources: Pubmed, Embase (via Ovid), Psychinfo (via Ovid), WHO Global Index Medicus, Global Health (via Ovid), Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and CINAHL(EBSCO).
Une défaite de la pensée
Authors: Audoin-Rouzeau Stéphane
Published: October 2021

La clé de la politique française au Rwanda se trouve chez le président Mitterrand, qui nourrissait une vision ethnique de la crise et cherchait à protéger les intérêts français d’une menace fantasmée de l’Afrique anglophone, suivant en cela sa formation maurrassienne.
Le refoulé de l’histoire
Authors: Laurentin Emmanuel
Published: October 2021

Le président Macron a l’ambition de réconcilier les mémoires nationales en s’affranchissant des vieux clivages sur nombre de points sensibles, en particulier la guerre d’Algérie. Mais les fruits ne tiennent pas les promesses des fleurs.
Djihadisme et démocratie
Authors: Le Pape Loïc , Puchot Pierre , Truong Fabien
Published: October 2021

À l’inverse du régime simplificateur de l’opinion et de l’anathème, la société française doit comprendre sa part d’ombre qu’est le terrorisme, à la faveur des procès et en organisant une convention citoyenne sur la violence politique.
À qui profite le crime ?
Authors: Tiberj Vincent
Published: October 2021

Alors que l’insécurité semble redevenir un enjeu électoral, un retour sur l’élection de 2002 montre que la gauche n’a pas péché par « angélisme », mais qu’elle n’a pas su répondre aux demandes sociales de ses électeurs.
A deep bidirectional recurrent neural network for identification of SARS-CoV-2 from viral genome sequences
Authors: Deif Mohanad A. ,   Department of Bioelectronics, Modern University of Technology and Information (MTI) University, Cairo 11571, Egypt, Solyman Ahmed A. A. , Kamarposhti Mehrdad Ahmadi , Band Shahab S. , Hammam Rania E. ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Gelisim University, Avcılar 34310, Turkey,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Jouybar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jouybar, Iran,   Future Technology Research Center, College of Future, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 University Road, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan,   Department of Bioelectronics, Modern University of Technology and Information (MTI) University, Cairo 11571, Egypt
Published: October 2021

In this work, Deep Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Networks (BRNNs) models were implemented based on both Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) cells in order to distinguish between genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 and other Corona Virus strains such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, Common Cold and other Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) viruses. An investigation of the hyper-parameters including the optimizer type and the number of unit cells, was also performed to attain the best performance of the BRNN models. Results showed that the GRU BRNNs model was able to discriminate between SARS-CoV-2 and other classes of viruses with a higher overall classification accuracy of 96.8% as compared to that of the LSTM BRNNs model having a 95.8% overall classification accuracy. The best hyper-parameters producing the highest performance for both models was obtained when applying the SGD optimizer and an optimum number of unit cells of 80 in both models. This study proved that the proposed GRU BRNN model has a better classification ability for SARS-CoV-2 thus providing an efficient tool to help in containing the disease and achieving better clinical decisions with high precision.
Analyse de l’activité de lycéens en situations pédagogiques de travail en groupe
Authors: Connac Sylvain , Rusu Carmen
Published: October 2021

Les enseignants mettent régulièrement leurs élèves en travail en groupe. Il s’agit d’une pratique coopérative qui cherche à engager des apprentissages par la confrontation des idées, sous forme de conflits socio-cognitifs. Ces désaccords sont espérés parce qu’ils conduisent à des doutes utiles pour faciliter ensuite le rapport au savoir. Cette recherche s’est intéressée à l’activité de lycéens qui, dans des disciplines différentes, ont reçu pour consigne l’étude d’une situation-problème au sein de petits groupes. L’analyse des verbatims vidéo montre des réalités à chaque fois différentes. Rarement, les groupes ont conduit les élèves à se questionner et plusieurs stratégies d’évitement ont été repérées. Il ressort de ces mises en évidence une série de nouvelles hypothèses pour l’organisation d’un travail en groupe qui oriente les élèves vers des buts de maitrise et l’acceptation d’incertitudes.
La relocalisation des systèmes alimentaires dans les territoires : quel cadre d’analyse en ergonomie ?
Authors: Le Bail Chloé , Cerf Marianne , Yannou-Le Bris Gwenola
Published: October 2021

La relocalisation des systèmes alimentaires dans les territoires s’inscrit dans une volonté politique et citoyenne de reconnecter agriculture et alimentation, et de répondre aux enjeux du développement durable. Elle interpelle l’ergonomie, car une telle évolution ne peut s’entendre sans mutations du travail. Cet article repose sur une étude de cas exploratoire qui a été conduite sur le plateau de Saclay. L’étude concerne l’approvisionnement de cantines d’entreprise en produits locaux. Elle s’intéresse à des acteurs dont les statuts (responsable d’exploitation agricole, responsable de restaurant) et les expériences permettent de révéler une reconception progressive et « dans l’usage » des processus de coordination intra et inter-organisationnelles. L’étude de cas éclaire également l’élasticité de la définition territoriale saisie par ces acteurs impliqués dans le développement d’un système alimentaire local à l’aulne des valeurs sociales et culturelles qu’ils défendent. Ces acteurs s’approprient et modifient l’organisation d’un système qui traverse les frontières de leurs organisations. Nous proposons ici d’aborder le changement inter-organisationnel induit par la relocalisation de l’alimentation dans et par les territoires. Nous définissons ce changement comme un processus de conception collective mettant en dialogue deux processus de reconception des coordinations, l’un à l’échelle de l’organisation et l’autre à l’échelle des relations inter-organisationnelles. Finalement, nous caractérisons un « travail de territorialisation », singulier et situé, qui d’une part inclut ces activités de reconception des coordinations ; et d’autre part vise à faire évoluer un espace géographique, culturel et/ou politique, que les acteurs identifient comme territoire, pour que cet espace corresponde à leur vision du local et du durable. Nous discutons des implications de ces résultats pour l’analyse et l’intervention ergonomiques.
Vers de nouveaux territoires d’intervention : émergence et usages de la simulation du travail à distance
Authors: Van Belleghem Laurent
Published: October 2021

La crise sanitaire qui s’est déclarée en 2020, par les contraintes qu’elle a fait peser sur les entreprises et la société, a généré des formes de mise à distance du travail (confinement, télétravail, jauges d’occupation des locaux, etc.). La continuité de l’activité économique s’est réalisée, dans de nombreux secteurs, par le recours massif aux technologies numériques, notamment de visioconférence. Ces modalités nouvelles ont reconfiguré les communautés de travail exerçant traditionnellement en présentiel. Ce sont dès lors les territoires du travail, c’est-à-dire les écosystèmes de relations structurant l’agir productif commun, qui se sont vu profondément restructurés. Les ergonomes n’ont pas échappé à ces bouleversements, leurs territoires d’intervention se voyant bousculés autant que les territoires du travail des bénéficiaires de leurs prestations se sont transformés. Cet article se propose de rendre compte comment de nouveaux territoires d’intervention de l’ergonomie ont pu être explorés par l’application de ce geste professionnel qu’est celui de la simulation du travail dans un contexte où il ne pouvait être mené, comme à l’habitude, de façon présentielle. Après avoir précisé les notions de territoires d’intervention et rappelé les exigences méthodologiques de la simulation du travail, trois interventions engagées sur l’année 2020 dans le contexte pandémique sont détaillées. Elles rendent compte de la naissance et de la consolidation de la simulation du travail à distance, que l’on peut aussi nommer simulation distancielle. Ces interventions ont permis d’investir, malgré la distance, trois domaines privilégiés de l’ergonomie : le conseil en prévention, la conception de situations de travail et la formation.
L’emploi du laiton dans les monnayages d’argent médiévaux
Authors: Sarah Guillaume
Published: October 2021

Le laiton, alliage constitué de cuivre et de zinc, présente la particularité d’avoir été produit aux époques anciennes non pas par le mélange de ces deux métaux (comme le sont le cuivre et l’étain dans le bronze par exemple), mais par le procédé de cémentation, une diffusion à l’état solide dans des conditions d’atmosphère et de températures contrôlées : les savoir-faire antiques et médiévaux – dans l’Occident et le bassin méditerranéen à tout le moins – n’autorisaient en effet pas la production de zinc métallique. Par conséquent, les fortes teneurs en zinc de l’ordre du pour cent, voire de plusieurs pour cent, relevées à l’occasion d’analyses de séries monétaires chrétiennes des premiers siècles du Moyen Âge, ne peuvent résulter que de l’ajout de laiton pour l’altération des alliages à base d’argent qui constituent les pièces. Des résultats analytiques ont été publiés par le passé relativement à différents monnayages et des interprétations ont été proposées par les auteurs ayant été confrontés à ces observations. L’objectif de cette contribution est double : il s’agit d’une part de proposer une vision large du phénomène de la pratique de l’ajout de laiton dans les monnaies d’argent pendant le haut Moyen Âge, par la prise en compte des résultats antérieurs et de nouvelles séries d’analyses ; d’autre part, la confrontation des données rassemblées constitue un support de réflexions pour formuler des hypothèses d’explication de ce phénomène, ainsi que des propositions de pistes de recherche pour les mettre à l’épreuve.
Assessment of Epidemiological Profile of Hip Fractures and Their Risk Factors in A Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Rathore Surendra Singh , Rathore Jitendra Singh , Bhati Lokpal Singh , Rathore Devendra Singh
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Hip fractures are common injuries contributing to both morbidity and mortality in the elderly. The present case–control study was conducted to assess the epidemiological profile of hip fractures and their risk factors in a tertiary care centre.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was a retrospective case–control study carried out in a tertiary care hospital over a period of 1 year. Fifty patients aged 40 years and above who were admitted with radiologically detected fractures of the femur were included as cases. Controls were selected in an equal number of cases. All the physiological parameters were recorded. Other variables were also noted. Data were collected and analyzed using the SPSS software version 21.0. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:

The study population consisted of 50 cases and 50 controls with an equal male-female ratio. Out of 25 cases in males, 68% were extracapsular and 32% were intracapsular fractures. Out of 25 cases in females, 60% were extracapsular and 40% were intracapsular fractures. The extracapsular (24%) and intracapsular (16%) fractures were maximum in the age group of 40–50 years in males. The extracapsular fractures (28%) and intracapsular (16%) were maximum in the age group of 60–70 years in females. Fractures taking place indoors due to loss of balance were higher (38%). Fractures occurring outdoors due to slip higher (22%). The history of weight loss in the past year was more in cases (44%). Cases were more inactive (46%) in the past than controls. Cases were more inactive (34%) in the past than controls. History of chronic diseases such as diabetes was more in cases (14%), and hypertension was more in controls than cases. History of drug uses as some sought of medication was more in cases (52%) than controls, and usage of drugs for hypertension and calcium tablets was more in controls than cases. Addiction to smoking was more in cases, and alcohol was more in controls.

Conclusion:

Our study concluded that in males, extracapsular fractures were more, and in females, intracapsular fractures were more. The extracapsular and intracapsular fractures were maximum in the age group of 40–50 years in males. The extracapsular fractures and intracapsular were maximum in the age group of 60–70 years in females. Fractures taking place indoors due to loss of balance were higher. Fractures occurring outdoors due to slip was higher.