bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Observing the transition from quantum to classical energy correlations with photon pairs
Authors: Lerch Stefan , Stefanov André
Published: June 2018

The exact role of entanglement in various quantum metrology schemes is still subject to debates. This is why it would be interesting to be able to experimentally control the relative amount of quantum and classical correlations. Here, we demonstrate a method to tune energy correlations between two photons from a pair emitted by spontaneous parametric downconversion. Decoherence in the energy basis is achieved by applying random spectral phases on the photons. As a consequence, a diverging temporal second-order correlation function is observed and is explained by a mixture between an energy entangled pure state and a fully classically correlated mixed state. Such source of tunable energy entangled photon pairs could be used to demonstrate quantum advantages in future energy-time sensing schemes.
Molecularly imprinted polymers as receptor mimics for selective cell recognition
Authors: Pan Jianming , Chen Wei , Ma Yue , Pan Guoqing
Published: June 2018

Molecularly imprinted polymers are now approaching the perfection of natural receptors, e.g., the ability to interact with or recognize cells.
Influence of the nature of the support on the catalytic performance of CALB: experimental and theoretical evidence
Authors: José Carla , Toledo María Victoria , Nicolás Paula , Lasalle Verónica , Ferreira María Luján , Briand Laura E.
Published: June 2018

CALB immobilized on hydrophobic supports exhibits higher conversion of ibuprofen and enantiomeric excess towards the S-enantiomer.
Orthogonal, dual protein labelling by tandem cycloaddition of strained alkenes and alkynes to ortho-quinones and azides
Authors: Bruins Jorick J. , Blanco-Ania Daniel , van der Doef Vincent , van Delft Floris L. , Albada Bauke
Published: June 2018

Novel click chemistry using SPAAC and SPOCQ in tandem efficiently provides dual-labelled antibody–drug–dye conjugates.
Luminescent micellar nano-interfaces of surface active ionic liquid for the selective recognition of ADP in aqueous medium
Authors: Singh G. , Kaur M. , Shiekh B. A. , Kang T. S.
Published: June 2018

Selective recognition of ADP by the micellar nano-interfaces of SAIL is observed whereas monomers/bilayers are not sensitive towards ADP.
Synthesis of functionalized pyrroloindolinesviaa visible-light-induced radical cascade reaction: rapid synthesis of (±)-flustraminol B
Authors: Wu Kui , Du Yuliu , Wei Zheng , Wang Ting
Published: June 2018

We report a visible-light-induced synthesis of functionalized pyrroloindolinesviaa radical cascade reaction,highlighting a mild nature of the reaction condition.
Piers’ borane-mediated hydrosilylation of epoxides and cyclic ethers
Authors: Zhang Jianbo , Park Sehoon , Chang Sukbok
Published: June 2018

This work represents the first diarylborane-catalyzed hydrosilylation of epoxides and cyclic ethers.
Neutron diffraction studies on the thermal expansion and anomalous mechanics in the perovskite-type [C(ND2)3]Me2+(DCOO)3 [Me = Cu, Mn, Co]
Authors: Viswanathan M.
Published: June 2018

The thermomechanical characteristics of [C(ND2)3]Me2+(DCOO)3 [Me = Cu, Co, Mn] have been evaluated by single-crystal and powder neutron diffraction.
Guidelines for optimizing the architecture of battery insertion electrodes based on the concept of wiring lengths
Authors: Usiskin Robert E. , Maier Joachim
Published: June 2018

Storage kinetics in a battery electrode depend on two length scales that were modeled and optimized.
Electronic structure of twisted and planar rubrene molecules: a density functional study
Authors: Mukherjee T. , Sinha Sumona , Mukherjee M.
Published: June 2018

X-ray absorption spectra (XAS), the density of states (DOS) and the electron density distribution of the HOMO and LUMO for flat and twisted rubrene molecules have been calculated using density functional theory (DFT).
Bilayers of Janus WSSe: monitoring the stacking type via the vibrational spectrum
Authors: Kandemir A. , Sahin H.
Published: June 2018

The frequency-shifts and peak intensity present valuable fingerprints regarding the stacking order and junction type of bilayers of 2D Janus crystals.
Cyanide–isocyanide isomerization: stability and bonding in noble gas inserted metal cyanides (metal = Cu, Ag, Au)
Authors: Jana Gourhari , Pan Sudip , Osorio Edison , Zhao Lili , Merino Gabriel , Chattaraj Pratim K.
Published: June 2018

MNgCN (M = Cu, Ag, Au; Ng = Xe, Rn) molecules are metastable in nature with respect to possible dissociation. The M–Ng bonds in MNgCN and the Ng–C bonds in AuNgCN can be represented as an electron-shared covalent bond.
Spectral intensity clamping in linearly and circularly polarized femtosecond filament-induced Cu plasmas
Authors: Wang Qiuyun , Chen Anmin , Wang Ying , Sui Laizhi , Li Suyu , Jin Mingxing
Published: June 2018

The emission features of plasmas generated by using a circularly or linearly polarized femtosecond laser filament from a Cu target was investigated.
A novel sample preparation method for ultra-high vacuum (UHV) secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analysis
Authors: Zhang Wanfeng , Xia Xiaoping , Zhang Yanqiang , Peng Touping , Yang Qing
Published: June 2018

Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has been applied to analyze a wide range of materials for earth science research due to its high sensitivity, high precision and capacity for in situ micro-analysis.
Pneumatic microfluidic cell compression device for high-throughput study of chondrocyte mechanobiology
Authors: Lee Donghee , Erickson Alek , You Taesun , Dudley Andrew T. , Ryu Sangjin
Published: June 2018

We demonstrate a pneumatically operated microfluidic device that can apply compressive stress of various magnitudes to multiple alginate–chondrocyte constructs simultaneously.
PTMscape: an open source tool to predict generic post-translational modifications and map modification crosstalk in protein domains and biological processes
Authors: Li Ginny X. H. , Vogel Christine , Choi Hyungwon
Published: June 2018

PTMscape predicts PTM sites using descriptors of sequence and physico-chemical microenvironment, and tests enrichment of single or pairs of PTMs in protein domains.
Effects of modified nanocrystalline cellulose on the hydrophilicity, crystallization and mechanical behaviors of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)
Authors: Xu Pengwu , Cao Ying , Wu Baogou , Ma Piming , Dong Weifu , Bai Huiyu , Zhang Hongji , Zhu Han , Chen Mingqing
Published: June 2018

An effective approach is developed to enhance the compatibility between the dispersed NCC and the PHBH matrix via surface grafting.
A molecular electron density theory study on the [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of thiocarbonyl ylides with hetaryl thioketones
Authors: Asr Afsaneh , Aghaie Mehran , Emamian Saeedreza , Aghaie Hossein
Published: June 2018

In situgenerated TCY2is trapped with THK3over the course of a non-polar, entirely C1–C4 regioselective, pdr-type 32CA reaction passing through TS1in a non-concerted two-stage one-step molecular mechanism.
Searching for original natural products by molecular networking: detection, isolation and total synthesis of chloroaustralasines
Authors: Olivon F. , Apel C. , Retailleau P. , Allard P. M. , Wolfender J. L. , Touboul D. , Roussi F. , Litaudon M. , Desrat S.
Published: June 2018

Four unprecedented chlorinated monoterpenyl quinolones have been isolated using a molecular networking based prioritisation strategy. The bio-inspired total synthesis of chloroaustralasine A involving a chloroperoxydase-mediated hydroxychlorination is described.
Chemical synthesis and biological evaluation of penta- to octa- saccharide fragments of Vi polysaccharide fromSalmonella typhi
Authors: Zhang Gao-Lan , Wei Meng-Man , Song Chengcheng , Ma Yu-Feng , Zheng Xiu-Jing , Xiong De-Cai , Ye Xin-Shan
Published: June 2018

The penta- to octa-saccharide fragments of Vi polysaccharide were synthesized efficiently, and the hexasaccharide might be the minimum epitope of Vi antigen based on ELISA analysis.
Self-assembled 2,4-dichlorophenol hydroxylase-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers with enhanced activity and stability
Authors: Fang Xuexun , Zhang Chengkai , Qian Xue , Yu Dahai
Published: June 2018

Highly stable and active hydroxylase-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers with great potential for application in bioremediation were obtained.
Improvement of the long-term stability of ZnSnO thin film transistors by tungsten incorporation using a solution-process method
Authors: Yang Xiang , Jiang Shu , Li Jun , Zhang Jian-Hua , Li Xi-Feng
Published: June 2018

In this paper, W-doped ZnSnO (WZTO) thin films and TFT devices are successfully fabricated by a wet-solution technique.
Structural and adsorption characteristics of potassium carbonate activated biochar
Authors: Zhu Ling , Zhao Nan , Tong Lihong , Lv Yizhong
Published: June 2018

The structure activation of K2CO3 enriches the surface pores of biochar and increases the specific surface area nearly 10 times. The changes of pore structure and surface properties significantly affect the adsorption process of naphthalene.
A polymer microsphere emulsion as a high-performance shale stabilizer for water-based drilling fluids
Authors: Xu Jian-gen , Qiu Zhengsong , Zhao Xin , Mou Tingbo , Zhong Hanyi , Huang Weian
Published: June 2018

A polymer microsphere emulsion (PME) was reported and it undertook the dual roles of physical plugging and shale hydration inhibition.
Recyclable Pd/CuFe2O4 nanowires: a highly active catalyst for C–C couplings and synthesis of benzofuran derivatives
Authors: Lakshminarayana Bhairi , Chakraborty Jhonti , Satyanarayana G. , Subrahmanyam Ch.
Published: June 2018

Efficient heterogeneous Pd/CuFe2O4 nanowires which catalyze cross coupling transformations are described. The protocol is applied to a one-pot synthesis of benzofurans via Sonogashira coupling and an intramolecular etherification sequence.
Bio‐inspired drag reduction surface from sharkskin
Authors: Chen Dengke , Liu Yang , Chen Huawei , Zhang Deyuan
Published: June 2018

Nature evolution provides nature surface treasures with special and fascinating surface function to inspire design, such as the drag reduction of sharkskin. In this overview, the morphology and mechanism of the sharkskin explained from different aspects, and various methods of fabricating surfaces with sharkskin morphology are illustrated in details, and then the applications in different fluid engineering are demonstrated in brief. This overview will improve the comprehension of the morphology and mechanisms of sharkskin, and methods of fabricating the surface with morphology, and the recent applications in engineering.
Simplified calculation for the radial levitation force of radial‐type superconducting magnetic bearing
Authors: Ai Liwang , Zhang Guomin , Li Wanjie , Liu Guole , Chen Jianhui , Qiu Qingquan
Published: June 2018

It is usually difficult to obtain the radial levitation force of the radial‐type superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB) due to the massive numerical calculations and the sophisticated experimental measurements. This study presents a method for fast calculating the radial levitation force of radial‐type SMB, which is based on the infinitesimal method and the 2D finite‐element method. During the modelling, the radial‐type SMB is assumed to be composed circumferentially of infinite superconductor‐permanent magnet (SC‐PM) infinitesimals with shape of rectangular thin slice. The dependence of levitation force for the SC‐PM infinitesimal on the air‐gap length between the SC stator and the PM rotor can be obtained using the 2D finite‐element model established in Cartesian coordinate system. Moreover, a simplified analytical model of calculating radial levitation force is developed based on the infinitesimal method and the circumferential distribution formula of non‐uniform air‐gap when the PM rotor exhibits radial eccentricity. The results of theoretical calculation and experimental measurement of radial levitation force show a good agreement, which verifies the feasibility of the proposed method. It has the advantages of fastness and easiness, and can be used as a theoretical tool for the design, optimisation and performance prediction of the radial‐type SMB.
Aufstehen, wenn Stehen nicht möglich ist
Authors: Muesse André
Published: June 2018

Zu den gefragtesten Themen in Kinästhetik-Kursen zählen erfahrungsgemäß die Transfers aus dem Bett heraus in einen Rollstuhl oder Therapiestuhl. Diese
Bewegungsaktivität gehört zu den hochkomplexen Transfergeschehen und bedarf daher eines fundierten Bewegungsverständnisses und einiger Übung. Dieser Artikel
soll Aufschluss über den Bewegungsablauf sowie wichtige Handlingaspekte geben. Dabei liegt die Aufmerksamkeit auf solchen Transfersituationen, bei denen starke
Bewegungseinschränkungen vorliegen und eine Stehfähigkeit des zu mobilisierenden Kindes nicht gegeben ist.
Artifacts in Sonography – Part 3
Authors: Bönhof Jörg , McLaughlin Glen
Published: June 2018

As a continuation of parts 1 1 and 2 2, this article discusses artifacts as caused by insufficient temporal resolution, artifacts in color and spectral Doppler sonography, and information regarding artifacts in sonography with contrast agents. There are artifacts that occur in B-mode sonography as well as in Doppler imaging methods and sonography with contrast agents, such as slice thickness artifacts and bow artifacts, shadows, mirroring, and artifacts due to refraction that appear, for example, as double images, because they are based on the same formation mechanisms. In addition, there are artifacts specific to Doppler sonography, such as the twinkling artifact, and method-based motion artifacts, such as aliasing, the ureteric jet, and due to tissue vibration. The artifacts specific to contrast mode include echoes from usually highly reflective structures that are not contrast bubbles (“leakage”). Contrast agent can also change the transmitting signal so that even structures not containing contrast agent are echogenic (“pseudoenhancement”). While artifacts can cause problems regarding differential diagnosis, they can also be useful for determining the diagnosis. Therefore, effective use of sonography requires both profound knowledge and skilled interpretation of artifacts.
A Practical Access to Functionalized Alkyl Sulfinates
Authors: Haddad M. , Phansavath P. , Ratovelomanana-Vidal V. , Tran C. , Flamme B. , Chagnes A.
Published: June 2018

We describe herein a three-step synthesis of aliphatic sulfinates. This cost-effective method involves the use of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole under mild conditions and exhibits good yields (up to 78% over three steps). This approach provides an access to a wide range of functionalized sulfinates. A good tolerance with respect to diverse functional groups (alkene, alkyne, ether, acetal) was also noted.
Elektronische Patientenakte: TK und AOK testen den Ernstfall
Authors: Mau Jens
Published: June 2018

Die Gematik soll Ende des Jahres Vorgaben für elektronische Patientenakten präsentieren. Techniker Krankenkasse und AOK bringen sich bereits in Stellung und experimentieren mit Betaversionen ihrer digitalen Akten. Bisher unterscheiden sich die Akten vor allem in der Datenhaltung.
Klinikunternehmen: Auf-/Absteiger des Monats
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: June 2018

Börsenexperte, analysiert für kma die Jahresabschlüsse* ausgewählter Kliniken

*Quelle: elektronischer Bundesanzeiger
Jahresabschluss 2017: Klinikum Darmstadt erstmals mit Gewinn
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: June 2018

Noch vor vier Jahren steckte das Darmstädter Klinikum mit einem Minus von 18 Millionen Euro tief in den roten Zahlen. Jetzt hat sich das Blatt gewendet – zum ersten Mal nach zehn Jahren konnte das Klinikum im vergangenen Jahr schwarze Zahlen erwirtschaften.
Interview zur EKG mit Oliver Schenk: Die Strafandrohungen haben sich bewährt
Authors: Jens Mau
Published: June 2018

Oliver Schenk (CDU) war 4 Jahre im Bundesgesundheitsministerium für die Digitalisierung zuständig. Im Interview mit kma erklärt der heutige Chef der sächsischen Staatskanzlei, welche Maßnahmen bei der elektronischen Gesundheitskarte helfen und warum der Innovationsfonds eine gute Idee war.
Editorial: Gute OP-Manager erfreuen Controller, Aber auch die Belegschaft
Authors: Grether Thomas
Published: June 2018

Der Operationssaal ist vorbereitet, die Mannschaft auch – aber der Patient fehlt. Oder: Wo ist das Material? Oder: Warum fehlt einer aus dem OP-Team? Drei wesentliche Gründe, warum es in deutschen Operationssälen immer wieder nicht wie am Schnürchen läuft – mit teuren Konsequenzen. Denn mehr als ein Drittel aller Kosten einer Krankenhausbehandlung fällt im OP-Trakt an. Was liegt da näher, als dort ständig an den Abläufen zu feilen, damit sie wie gut geölte Zahnräder ineinandergreifen? In gut gemanagten Kliniken müssen die OP-Manager zur Führungsebene gehören. Werden die Prozesse gut gesteuert, dann ist das nicht nur kostengünstiger, sondern die Mitarbeiter sind ob ihrer verlässlich geplanten Arbeitszeit zufriedener.
Digitalisierung der Pflege: „Die Pflege wird wieder attraktiv werden“
Authors: Doelfs Guntram
Published: June 2018

Andrea Schmidt-Rumposch, Pflegedirektorin der Uniklinik Essen, setzt auf die Digitalisierung der Pflege. Im Gespräch mit kma erläutert sie, warum Patienten und Pflegekräfte gleichermaßen profitieren und wie die neue Technik sinnvoll eingesetzt werden könnte.
Fachverband Biomedizinische Technik: „Völlige Kostentransparenz“
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: June 2018

Im Zuge des 19. Würzburger Medizintechnik-Kongresses am 16. und 17. Mai trafen sich die Mitglieder des fbmt zu ihrer jährlichen Fachtagung. Norbert Siebold, Präsident des fbmt, äußert sich zu einigen aktuellen Schwerpunkten seines Verbands.
Ausblick: „Klasse statt Masse“
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: June 2018

Die FKT-Präsidenten Horst Träger und Wolfgang Siewert blicken optimistisch auf die 3. Fachmesse Krankenhaus Technologie. Sie haben ein Programm mit hochaktuellen Themen zusammengestellt.
Energieeffizienz: Innovationen im Land der Tüftler und Erfinder
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: June 2018

Die baden-württembergische Landesregierung ermuntert die Gesundheitseinrichtungen „im Ländle“ zu Energieeffizienz-Maßnahmen. Zwei innovative Projekte lohnen eine nähere Betrachtung.
Unterstützung Durch die Politik: „Bis zu 50 Prozent Zuschuss für ein Energiemanagementsystem“
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: June 2018

Christian Fritschi vom Referat „Energieeffizienz in Haushalten und Unternehmen“ des Ministeriums für Umwelt, Klima und Energiewirtschaft Baden-Württemberg erläutert im Interview die Fördermaßnahmen für Krankenhäuser.
Déficit en 3ènie facteur prothromboplastique plasmaticene. Rapports entre le PTA et le facteur Hageman
Authors: Soulier J. P , Larrieu M. J , Wartelle O , Weilland C
Published: June 2018

Résumé et Conclusions

Nous avons examiné 4 malades. Les trois premiers présentent un trouble de coagulation identique à celui décrit par Ratnoff comme “Hageman trait”. Le quatrième cas paraît s’en distinguer légèrement, et ressemble à ce qui a été décrit comme déficit en PTA. L’association d’une tendance hémorragique manifeste et de signes biologiques frustes et variables serait particulière au PTA (comme dans notre observation 4) tandis que le “Hageman trait” serait caractérisé par l’absence de manifestations hémorragiques malgré des troubles biologiques importants, comme dans nos observations 1, 2 et3.

Les épreuves croisées utilisant soit le plasma, soit le sang natif permettent de différencier déficit en PTA et Hageman trait. Par contre, les épreuves croisées utilisant le test de thromboplastino-formation de B i g g s , le dosage spécifique du 3ème facteur, l’étude des propriétés physico-chimiques des facteurs déficients, l’étude de la correction in vivo soulignent les caractères communs unissant le facteur Hageman et le PTA.

De nouvelles recherches sont donc nécessaires afin de préciser la nature exacte des deux facteurs que nous avons réunis ici sous le nom de 3ème facteur prothromboplastique.
The Stuart-Prower Factor Assay and its Clinical Significance
Authors: Bachmann F , Duckert F , Koller F
Published: June 2018

A simple one-stage test for the determination of the Stuart-Prower factor is described. The method is a modification of the classical Factor VII complex assay, using a Russell’s viper venom (Stypven)-cephalin reagent instead of brain thromboplastin. The optimal conditions for the assay system have been systematically investigated. A high dilution of RVV (1 : 200 000) has given the best results. The system is not influenced by different concentrations of fibrinogen, prothrombin, Factor V, Factor VII and plasma thromboplastin precursors other than Stuart-Prower factor. Variations of lipoid and/or platelet contents of the plasma do not alter the results. Stuart-Prower factor is not activated by glass contact. The method has proved most valuable in the detection of heterozygous Stuart-Prower factor deficiencies. Comparison with a specific Stuart-Prower factor assay using patient’s plasma deficient in Stuart-Prower factor gave variations not greater than 15%. If determined simultaneously with the Quick one-stage ‘prothrombin time’, the test may provide a better control of patients under treatment with dicoumarol derivatives.
Déficit Congénital en Proaccélérine (Facteur V) Quelques Données Nouvelles
Authors: Soulier J. P , Prou-Wartelle O , Weilland C , Ménaché D
Published: June 2018

L’observation d’un nouveau cas d’hypoproaccélérinémie est rapportée. Elle concerne une fillette de 10 ans atteinte d’un syndrome hémorragique modéré où dominent les epistaxis; le temps de saignement est franchement allongé.

L’étude biologique du sang de cette malade confirme diverses notions déjà bien connues: déficit isolé en proaccélérine, sans anticoagulant ni déficit associé en facteur anti-hémophilique A, allongement du temps de céphaline et du temps de tolérance à l’héparine, retentissement sur la consommation de prothrombine, absence de proaccélérine adsorbée sur les plaquettes de la malade, correction de toutes les anomalies par addition de sérum de boeuf adsorbe.

Un certain nombre de données nouvelles ont été précisées:

— La présence de proaccélérine dans le substrat servant à mesurer la thromboplastino-formation (méthode de Biggs et Douglas) masque partiellement les déficits importants de proaccélérine dans la mixture et totalement les déficits frustes.

— Les temps de stypven et de stypven-céphaline sont nettement allongés malgré un taux normal de prothrombine vraie et de facteur Stuart.

— Facteur Hageman et PTA sont normaux dans le plasma d’hypoproaccé-lérinémie. Ce plasma est normalement activé par le contact avec le verre.

— Pour dépister des hétérozygoties latentes chez les parents du malade, il faut sensibiliser le dosage de proaccélérine par l’utilisation d’une dilution au l/20e et utiliser le test de thromboplastino-formation deBiggs et Douglas avec comme substrat un plasma vieilli.

— Enfin, l’étude in vitro montre qu’il faut 5 fois plus de plasma sec standard que de plasma frais pour corriger le déficit en proaccélérine; la transfusion de sang frais demeure donc le traitement de choix en attendant que soit mise au point une fraction thérapeutique concentrée riche en proaccélérine.
Nicht-organische Schlafstörungen – Wer hilft den Betroffenen?
Authors: Marx Carolin
Published: June 2018

Der Gesundheitsreport der DAK zeigt erneut, dass Schlafstörungen in der Bevölkerung und vor allem bei Arbeitnehmern immer häufiger auftreten (12). Der Anstieg von 66 % in den letzten sieben Jahren ist dabei äußerst besorgniserregend. Die häufigste Form der Schlafstörungen sind die Ein- und Durchschlafstörungen, also nicht-organische Insomnien.
In einem anderen Rhythmus (tanzen)
Authors: Wunsch Katja , Reis Olaf , Berger Christoph , Buchmann Johannes , Dück Alexander , Böttcher Henrike
Published: June 2018

Ausgeprägte Abweichungen des zirkadianen Rhythmus finden sich in einer Reihe psychiatrischer Störungsbilder, z.B. bei Schizophrenie, Angststörung oder ADHS (1). Nicht nur therapeutisch werden die häufig berichteten zirkadianen Beschwerden der Betroffenen bisher wenig oder gar nicht berücksichtigt. Die konkreten Zusammenhänge zwischen zirkadianem Rhythmus und Krankheitssymptomen unter chronobiologischen Gesichtspunkten sind insgesamt noch wenig erforscht.
Mikronährstoffe und Schlaf – Vitamin D und Zink
Authors: Hinsch Mina
Published: June 2018

Der Zusammenhang zwischen Ernährung und der Physiologie des Schlafes ist gut bekannt. Pharmakokinetische und pharmakodynamische Effekte von Nahrungsbestandteilen und Spurenelementen beieinflussen die Hormonregulation der zirkadianen Rhythmik (2-4, 12). Die Zusammenhänge zwischen der Aufnahme bestimmter Nahrungs- und Genussmittel, insbesondere von Koffein und Alkohol, und der Schlafqualität und –quantität sind dabei umfassend durch Studien belegt (2-4). Ebenso gut bekannt ist der Einfluss von Eisen und Vitamin B12 auf schlafmedizinische Syndrome wie beispielsweise das Restless-Legs-Syndrom. Im Gegensatz dazu ist die Studienlage bezüglich einer Vielzahl weiterer Spurenelemente und Vitamine deutlich reduziert, trotz einer kontinuierlichen Zunahme des Konsums von freiverkäuflichen Nahrungsergänzungsmittel, welche oft hochdosiert diese Mikronährstoffe enthalten (2, 3, 12). Bezüglich des Einflusses von Vitamin D und Zink auf Schlafarchitektur und Schlafqualität liegen nur wenige Studien mit oft kleiner Fallzahl sowie einzelne Kasuistiken vor (2, 9). Zudem fehlen durch Polysomnographie (PSG) belegte Studiendaten nahezu vollständig. Es ergeben sich dennoch für bestimmte Patientengruppen praxisrelevante Hinweise.
Non-coaxial-based microwave ablation antennas for creating symmetric and asymmetric coagulation zones
Authors: Mohtashami Yahya , Luyen Hung , Hagness Susan C. , Behdad Nader
Published: June 2018

We present an investigation of a new class of microwave ablation (MWA) antennas capable of producing axially symmetric or asymmetric heating patterns. The antenna design is based on a dipole fed by a balanced parallel-wire transmission line. The angle and direction of the deployed dipole arms are used to control the heating pattern. We analyzed the specific absorption rate and temperature profiles using electromagnetic and thermal simulations. Two prototypes were fabricated and tested in ex vivo ablation experiments: one was designed to produce symmetric heating patterns and the other was designed to generate asymmetric heating patterns. Both fabricated prototypes exhibited good impedance matching and produced localized coagulation zones as predicted by the simulations. The prototype operating in porcine muscle created an ∼10 cm3 symmetric ablation zone after 10 min of ablation with a power level of 18 W. The prototype operating in egg white created an ∼4 cm3 asymmetric ablation zone with a directionality ratio of 40% after 5 min of ablation with a power level of 25 W. The proposed MWA antenna design shows promise for minimally invasive treatment of tumors in various clinical scenarios where, depending on the situation, a symmetric or an asymmetric heating pattern may be needed.
Evolution of space open electric arc burning in the external axial magnetic field
Authors: Urusova I. R. , Urusova T. E.
Published: June 2018

The calculation was made for open DC electric arc burning in an external uniform axial magnetic field. It was performed within the framework of a nonstationary three-dimensional mathematical model in approximation of partial local thermodynamic equilibrium of plasma. A “schematic” analog of electron temperature fluctuations was proposed for numerical realization of the open electric arc column of a helical shape. According to calculations, it was established that the column of the open electric arc takes a helical space shape. Plasma rotates around a longitudinal axis of the arc, at that the directions of plasma rotation near the cathode and the anode are opposite. In the arc cross-sections, the velocity of plasma rotation is unequal and the deviation value of the same part of the arc from the central axis varies in time. A helical shape of the open arc is not stable and varies in time. Apparently, the open arc cannot remain stable and invariable in the time helical shape in the external axial magnetic field.
Survival of the most transferable at the top of Jacob’s ladder: Defining and testing the ωB97M(2) double hybrid density functional
Authors: Mardirossian Narbe , Head-Gordon Martin
Published: June 2018

A meta-generalized gradient approximation, range-separated double hybrid (DH) density functional with VV10 non-local correlation is presented. The final 14-parameter functional form is determined by screening trillions of candidate fits through a combination of best subset selection, forward stepwise selection, and random sample consensus (RANSAC) outlier detection. The MGCDB84 database of 4986 data points is employed in this work, containing a training set of 870 data points, a validation set of 2964 data points, and a test set of 1152 data points. Following an xDH approach, orbitals from the ωB97M-V density functional are used to compute the second-order perturbation theory correction. The resulting functional, ωB97M(2), is benchmarked against a variety of leading double hybrid density functionals, including B2PLYP-D3(BJ), B2GPPLYP-D3(BJ), ωB97X-2(TQZ), XYG3, PTPSS-D3(0), XYGJ-OS, DSD-PBEP86-D3(BJ), and DSD-PBEPBE-D3(BJ). Encouragingly, the overall performance of ωB97M(2) on nearly 5000 data points clearly surpasses that of all of the tested density functionals. As a Rung 5 density functional, ωB97M(2) completes our family of combinatorially optimized functionals, complementing B97M-V on Rung 3, and ωB97X-V and ωB97M-V on Rung 4. The results suggest that ωB97M(2) has the potential to serve as a powerful predictive tool for accurate and efficient electronic structure calculations of main-group chemistry.
An ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscope operating at sub-Kelvin temperatures and high magnetic fields for spin-resolved measurements
Authors: Salazar C. , Baumann D. , Hänke T. , Scheffler M. , Kühne T. , Kaiser M. , Voigtländer R. , Lindackers D. , Büchner B. , Hess C.
Published: June 2018

We present the construction and performance of an ultra-low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM), working in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions and in high magnetic fields up to 9 T. The cryogenic environment of the STM is generated by a single-shot 3He magnet cryostat in combination with a 4He dewar system. At a base temperature (300 mK), the cryostat has an operation time of approximately 80 h. The special design of the microscope allows the transfer of the STM head from the cryostat to a UHV chamber system, where samples and STM tips can be easily exchanged. The UHV chambers are equipped with specific surface science treatment tools for the functionalization of samples and tips, including high-temperature treatments and thin film deposition. This, in particular, enables spin-resolved tunneling measurements. We present test measurements using well-known samples and tips based on superconductors and metallic materials such as LiFeAs, Nb, Fe, and W. The measurements demonstrate the outstanding performance of the STM with high spatial and energy resolution as well as the spin-resolved capability.
Beating of grafted chains induced by active Brownian particles
Authors: Yang Qiu-song , Fan Qing-wei , Shen Zhuang-lin , Xia Yi-qi , Tian Wen-de , Chen Kang
Published: June 2018

We study the interplay between active Brownian particles (ABPs) and a “hairy” surface in two-dimensional geometry. We find that the increase of propelling force leads to and enhances inhomogeneous accumulation of ABPs inside the brush region. Oscillation of chain bundles (beating like cilia) is found in company with the formation and disassembly of a dynamic cluster of ABPs at large propelling forces. Meanwhile chains are stretched and pushed down due to the effective shear force by ABPs. The decrease of the average brush thickness with propelling force reflects the growth of the beating amplitude of chain bundles. Furthermore, the beating phenomenon is investigated in a simple single-chain system. We find that the chain swings regularly with a major oscillatory period, which increases with chain length and decreases with the increase of propelling force. We build a theory to describe the phenomenon and the predictions on the relationship between the period and amplitude for various chain lengths, and propelling forces agree very well with simulation data.
Correlation between border traps and exposed surface properties in gate recessed normally-off Al2O3/GaN MOSFET
Authors: Yin Ruiyuan , Li Yue , Sun Yu , Wen Cheng P. , Hao Yilong , Wang Maojun
Published: June 2018

We report the effect of the gate recess process and the surface of as-etched GaN on the gate oxide quality and first reveal the correlation between border traps and exposed surface properties in normally-off Al2O3/GaN MOSFET. The inductively coupled plasma (ICP) dry etching gate recess with large damage presents a rough and active surface that is prone to form detrimental GaxO validated by atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Lower drain current noise spectral density of the 1/f form and less dispersive ac transconductance are observed in GaN MOSFETs fabricated with oxygen assisted wet etching compared with devices based on ICP dry etching. One decade lower density of border traps is extracted in devices with wet etching according to the carrier number fluctuation model, which is consistent with the result from the ac transconductance method. Both methods show that the density of border traps is skewed towards the interface, indicating that GaxO is of higher trap density than the bulk gate oxide. GaxO located close to the interface is the major location of border traps. The damage-free oxidation assisted wet etching gate recess technique presents a relatively smooth and stable surface, resulting in lower border trap density, which would lead to better MOS channel quality and improved device reliability.
Tell-tale testicles: observations of morphological abnormalities in small, spatially restricted mainland quokka (Setonix brachyurus) populations
Authors: Dundas Shannon J.
Published: June 2018

The quokka (Setonix brachyurus) exists in spatially restricted populations in the northern jarrah forest in south-west Western Australia. Observations were made of adult male quokkas exhibiting morphological anomalies (cryptorchidism and micropthalmia) that may be indicative of inbreeding within these populations. Despite the presence of males with abnormalities that could potentially affect their fertility, most females captured were carrying a pouch young or feeding a joey at foot. Field researchers and managers should routinely report abnormalities seen in wild captured animals. Reduced genetic diversity of quokka populations in the northern jarrah forest may not be the key threatening process and preservation of habitat may be more important to ensure persistence of populations. Future management of this species in the northern jarrah forest should include up-to-date occurrence mapping across their range using targeted camera trap surveys and management of habitat to improve connectivity between populations.
Rapid, experience-dependent translation of neurogranin enables memory encoding
Authors: Jones Kendrick J. , Templet Sebastian , Zemoura Khaled , Kuzniewska Bozena , Pena Franciso X. , Hwang Hongik , Lei Ding J. , Haensgen Henny , Nguyen Shannon , Saenz Christopher , Lewis Michael , Dziembowska Magdalena , Xu Weifeng
Published: June 2018

Significance

De novo protein synthesis is critical for memory formation. We found that protein synthesis during acquisition is transiently required for contextual memory formation. We identified one candidate gene,
Nrgn
(encoding protein neurogranin, Ng) with enhanced translation upon novel-context exposure, and found that experience-dependent translation of Ng in the hippocampus is required for contextual memory formation. Furthermore, fragile-X mental retardation protein interacts with the 3′UTR of the
Nrgn
mRNA, which is required for activity-dependent translation of Ng in the synaptic compartment and contextual memory formation. Together, these results indicate that experience-dependent and acute translation of Ng in the hippocampus during memory acquisition enables durable context memory encoding.
Regulating the regulator: Bhlhe40 directly keeps IL-10 in check
Authors: Gabryšová Leona , O’Garra Anne
Published: June 2018

In this issue of JEM, two complementary manuscripts by Huynh et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20171704) and Yu et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20170155) demonstrate that the transcription factor Bhlhe40 acts as a repressor of IL-10 production during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Toxoplasma gondii. Deletion of Bhlhe40 in both cases resulted in chronic infection and increased pathogen load as a consequence of increased IL-10 production.
Do Justices Defend the Speech They Hate?
Authors: Epstein Lee , Parker Christopher M. , Segal Jeffrey A.
Published: June 2018

For decades now, experiments have revealed that we humans tend to evaluate the views or activities of our own group and its members more favorably than those of outsiders. To assess convergence between experimental and observational results, we explore whether US Supreme Court justices fall prey to in-group bias in freedom-of-expression cases. A two-level hierarchical model of all votes cast between the 1953 and 2014 terms confirms that they do. Although liberal justices are (overall) more supportive of free-speech claims than conservative justices, the votes of both liberal and conservative justices tend to reflect their preferences toward the speech’s ideological grouping and not solely an underlying taste for (or against) greater protection for expression. These results suggest the importance of new research programs aimed at evaluating how other cognitive biases identified in experimental work may influence judicial behavior in actual court decisions.
A Unique Continuation Property for the Level Set Equation
Authors: Strehlke Nick
Published: June 2018

We prove the following unique continuation result: if a solution to the level set equation for mean curvature flow in a mean convex domain agrees to infinite order at the point where it attains its maximum with the solution for a ball, then it agrees everywhere and the domain is a ball.
Songwriting, Digital Audio Workstations, and the Internet
Authors: Bennett Joe
Published: June 2018

This chapter investigates the interrelationship between songwriting process and product, focusing on two digital tools that became available to songwriters toward the end of the twentieth century: the digital audio workstation (DAW) and broadband internet connectivity. Two songwriter case studies are used—a “digital immigrant” who began to write songs professionally before either of these tools were available, and a “digital native” who has always used DAWs and an internet connection in his songwriting. The participants were asked to describe their creative processes in detail, and to reflect on how these tools may have influenced their decision making and artistic direction. From these and other studies the author attempts to describe behaviors and affordances engendered by digitally enabled songwriters and to speculate regarding these tools’ influence on the creative product.
Describing Sound
Authors: Wallmark Zachary , Kendall Roger A.
Published: June 2018

Timbre exists at the confluence of the physical and the perceptual, and due to inconsistencies between these frames, it is notoriously hard to describe. This chapter examines the relationship between timbre and language, offering a critical review of theoretical and empirical thought on timbre semantics and providing a preliminary cognitive linguistic account of timbre description. It first traces the major conceptual and methodological advances in psychological timbre research since the 1970s with a focus on the mediating role of verbalization in previous paradigms. It then discusses the cognitive mechanisms underlying how listeners map timbral qualities onto verbal attributes. Applying a cognitive linguistic approach, the chapter concludes that timbre description may reflect certain fundamental aspects of human embodiment, which may help account for certain trans-historical and cross-cultural consistencies in descriptive practices.
Jesuit Illustrated Books
Authors: Melion Walter S. , Dekoninck Ralph
Published: June 2018

The Jesuit investment in images, whether verbal or visual, virtual or actual, pictorial or poetic, rhetorical or exegetical, was strong and sustained, and may perhaps even be identified as one of the order’s defining characteristics. This chapter focuses on the major genres of illustrated books produced by Jesuits between the late sixteenth and early eighteenth centuries, asking how and why pictorial images functioned in these texts not merely as decorative ornaments but rather as crucial instruments of demonstration, argumentation, and amplification. For Jesuit authors, the printed image became a key hermeneutic device upon which the book’s textual apparatus jointly hinged. Moreover, the verbal production of mental images by means of such rhetorical figures as definitio per descriptionem, ekphrasis, hypotyposis, and prosopopoeia can be seen to work in tandem with the materially produced images—woodcuts or engravings for the most part—that populate these books.
Jesuits in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Vermander Benoît
Published: June 2018

This chapter maps the road traveled by the Jesuits from the time they chose Pedro Arrupe as their Twenty-Eighth Superior General in 1965 till the election of their confrere Jorge Maria Bergoglio (Pope Francis) in March 2013, followed by the one of Arturo Sosa as the Thirty-First Superior General of the order in October 2016. During that period, the Jesuits significantly shifted priorities, highlighting integration between faith and justice and a return to the sources of Ignatian spirituality. Today’s mission is presented as being one of reconciliation among peoples, among religions, and with the whole creation. Internal challenges include shrinking global membership (while Asia and Africa are growing numerically), formation model for younger members, collaboration with laity, and protection of minors. Jesuits need to further their internal reform process while helping the church and society at large creatively respond to pressing global challenges.
The Historiography of the Society of Jesus
Authors: Shore Paul
Published: June 2018

The historical literature on the Jesuits appeared as soon as the Society was founded. A significant portion of this literature was written by Jesuits themselves. Anti-Jesuit writings likewise have made up some of the material, and confessional politics dominated the field for several centuries. The first half of the twentieth century saw a relative lull in scholarly activity. In recent decades, non-Jesuits and non-Catholics have played a much greater role in Jesuit historiography, and much of the most recent scholarship on Jesuit history is innovative in its interdisciplinary and postconfessional aspects. Currently, the field of Jesuit historical studies is arguably the most liveliest it has ever been, with online publications and new reference works appearing regularly.
Case Formulation in DBT
Authors: Manning Shari
Published: June 2018

In Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), case conceptualization uses the principles and the protocols of the treatment to assess client goals and behaviours, create a treatment plan, and provide accurate interventions that ultimately bring the client to his/her life worth living goals. It begins with the initial assessment and continues through pre-treatment. Throughout treatment specific behavioural targets are conceptualized using a behavioural formulation, including functions, controlling variables, and the behavioural interventions that treat the behaviours. The case conceptualization is organic and changes as needed. Formal case conceptualizations can be written or therapists can articulate their conceptualization of a case as they conduct the therapy. This chapter describes the purpose of case conceptualization in DBT, describes the various sections of the conceptualization that are used most frequently by DBT therapists, and concludes with a DBT case conceptualization example for a current Stage 1 DBT client.
Future Directions for Dialectical Behaviour Therapy
Authors: Swales Michaela A.
Published: June 2018

The Oxford Handbook of DBT has reviewed and considered theoretical, structural, clinical, and implementation aspects of DBT, comprehensively detailing its journey in research and clinical practice since the landmark, yet small, RCT published in Archives of General Psychiatry over 25 years ago (Linehan et al, 1991).. This closing chapter reflects on the treatment’s achievements since that first trial and considers future directions in relation to theory, clinical outcomes, adaptations, and implementation in practice. Building on initial demonstrations of efficacy to deliver any intervention effectively at scale, reaching all those who may benefit, requires changes in dissemination, implementation and research strategies. Targeting research on treatment mechanisms that drive change may usefully inform this agenda. This chapter explores these issues and concludes by discussing challenges within the wider psychotherapy field and their implications for DBT.
Modalities of Meaning
Authors: Leibhammer Nessa
Published: June 2018

Images do many things: they capture data, they analyse and explain it in very particular ways; they are used as evidence to give weight to arguments; they stand in for the original; they contain and convey information to specialists and the public alike and they do this by transforming vastly complex material into usable and visible form. But they are not neutral. All images are sign systems that are more or less effective for the uses they have been chosen. Some are even purposely misleading. This chapter explores the phenomenon of light in pictorial images, showing its many and varied applications in archaeological and rock-art imaging, and how each genre carries conceptual, metaphysical, and phenomenological weight. Examples from fine art are used as examples to explain some of the genres used in archaeological illustration and their links to past and present conventions of visual imaging.
Eating Behavior and its Disorders
Authors: Castellini Giovanni , Ricca Valdo
Published: June 2018

This chapter examines the most representative pathological behaviors of the so-called feeding and eating disorders, with a particular attention to the psychopathological meaning of the different behaviors. These behaviors, including restrictive diet, binge eating, purging, or obsessive control of body shape are generally adopted to define the broad category of eating disorders. In particular, it is considered the trans-nosographic and dimensional approach to the eating disorder psychopathology, as most of the symptoms described in this chapter can be observed also in different psychopathological conditions. The chapter considers the subjective transformation in patients of the original meaning of food and alimentation into something negative and dangerous, adopting a phenomenological approach to eating disorders.