bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MAMÍFEROS DE MÉDIO E GRANDE PORTE NA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL MUNICIPAL DO RIO VERMELHO EM SANTA CATARINA, SUL DO BRASIL
Authors:   Usina Rio Vermelho de Energia, Hübel Marcelo , Aximoff Izar ,   Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Freitas Antonio Carlos de , Rosa Clarissa ,   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia
Published: September 2021

MEDIUM AND LARGE MAMMALS IN RIO VERMELHO MUNICIPAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AREA, SANTA CATARINA, SOUTHERN BRAZIL: Most studies on medium and large mammals in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest are carried out in areas under full protection (as parks and biological reserves). Considering the continuing threats that the forest remnants are suffering, it is essential to carry out mammal surveys in protected areas for sustainable use. In order to evaluate the species richness and the relative frequency of medium and large mammals in the área de proteção ambiental municipal do Rio Vermelho – APARV (northern Santa Catarina state), methodologies of direct visualization and camera traps were used. The study was conducted from the beginning of 2015 to the end of 2019. In Santa Catarina state, there is only one study which sampling effort is comparable to the present one (7300 night-trap). Thirty-three native mammal species and two alien species (Canis familiaris and Lepus europaeus) were found. The species accumulation curve tended to stabilize at the beginning of the third year. Three species were responsible for more than half of the photographic records (Cerdocyon thous, Eira barbara and Procyon cancrivorus). In total, 33.3% of the species are classified in some category of threat, and three of these species are among the less recorded in Santa Catarina state (Tayassu pecari, Tapirus terrestris and Mazama nana). Our survey added 18 new occurrences to the APARV management plan. Only two of the 18 mammal surveys carried out previously in the Santa Catarina state recorded more species than our study. This is the second survey which was carried out in protected areas for sustainable use in Santa Catarina state. Our study contributes to the important knowledge that can be used in conservation measures. In this way, the APARV plays a fundamental role for the conservation of the Atlantic Forest mammals, constituting an important area favoring the population movements of mammals.
GENETIC CONNECTIVITY OF MULLETS (Mugil liza) BETWEEN RODRIGO DE FREITAS LAGOON AND A CONSERVATION UNIT IN STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO, SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL
Authors:   Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Vasconcellos Anderson Vilasboa de , Villela Livia Bonetti ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Dias Denise Borges dos Santos , Morelli Karina Alessandra , Schumann Carolina Tavares ,   Instituto de Aplicação Fernando Rodrigues da Silveira, Gusmão Jaqueline
Published: September 2021

We analyzed the genetic connectivity between mullets (Mugil liza) captured around the protected Natural Monument of Cagarras Islands (MoNa Cagarras) and inside Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, using microsatellite markers polymorphisms. Our data revealed the occurrence of 31 shared alleles (from 41 sampled), a high similarity in both allelic frequencies and genetic diversity and lack of differentiation between collection points (FST = 0.000, p > 0.05, STRUCTURE best estimative K = 1), results which, analyzed together, are strongly indicative of panmixia. We conclude that individuals collected inside the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon are genetically similar to those individuals collected around MoNa Cagarras. Given the importance of estuaries for the reproduction and development of individuals of M. liza, it is recommended that the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon to be managed in order to maintain genetic connectivity and diversity between the two ecosystems.
A Susceptible Exposed Infected Recovered Susceptible (SEIRS) Model for the Transmission of Tuberculosis
Authors: Erinle-Ibrahim Latifat M. , Lawal Waheed O , Adebimpe Olukayode , Sontan Gbemisola R
Published: September 2021

In this paper, a deterministic mathematical model was proposed and analyzed to understand the dynamics of tuberculosis based on the SEIRS model. The disease-free equilibrium, the endemic equilibrium, and their stabilities were examined. The R0 (basic reproduction number) was derived using the Next Generation Matrix method and its sensitivity analysis showed that the birth rate and infectious rate were the most sensitive parameters of R0. The behaviour of exposed individuals at the latent period with varied treatment rates were examined through numerical simulation. From the analysis carried out, the effect of variations of the treatments of latent TB shows that it affects the disease burden. This implies that testing and treatment of latent TB are important in preventing it from becoming infectious. The re-infection rate was examined to see the effect it had both on the recovered and susceptible populations. The study concludes by recommending the extension of the model to an age structured model with co-infection with another respiratory infectious disease like COVID-19.

Keywords: Epidemiology; Latent TB treatment; Basic Reproduction Number; sensitivity analysis; numerical simulation
Milton J. Rosenau (1869–1946) i strategia zarządzania lękiem w sferze zdrowia publicznego
Authors: Nowacka Maria
Published: September 2021

Milton J. Rosenau (1869–1946) and the strategy of fear management in the sphere of public health

The American epidemiologist Milton J. Rosenau – one of the pioneers of public health – is the author of the concept of “conquest of fear”, which stimulated the development of preventive medicine. However, this concept was in fact a kind of strategy of fear management and as such necessarily led to the gradual domination of preventive pro-health strategies by the permanent therapy strategies. The negative consequences of this strategy can be read in the main work of Rosenau, a preventive medicine textbook, and were presented in a literary form by the French writer Jules Romains.
Walki o Warszawę 6–7 IX 1831 – oczami medyków widziane
Authors: Turos Maria Joanna
Published: September 2021

The last days of the Polish-Russian war of 1831 are the storming of Warsaw. This fact is generally perceived through the prism of military operations, but no less important was the operation of the military health service headed by Karol Kaczkowski acting as the chief staff doctor. Risking his own life, he rushed to help soldiers injured in combat, along with his subordinate medics, including foreigners. After the capitulation of the capital, the Russians who entered the city treated the wounded and sick with all brutality. Traces have survived, among others in the little-known in Poland diary of the Swedish physician Sven Jonas Stille.
De regimine infantis – opieka nad dzieckiem w średniowiecznej Italii na podstawie Ad mulieres Ferrarienses de regimine pregnantium et noviter natorum usque ad septennium Michała Savonaroli
Authors: Głusiuk Anna
Published: September 2021

Michele Savonarola’s treatise Ad mulieres Ferrarienses de regimine pregnantium et noviter natorum usque ad septennium is one of the most important gynecological and pediatric treaties written in Italy in the 15th century. Undoubtedly, the language in which it were written and its recipients was a novelty for those times. Savonarola had to connect the high mortality of women and children with the little knowledge of the midwives of the time, since he decided to write this treatise. The work certainly allowed them to reach medical knowledge, previously unavailable for them, but the limitations applied in it did not allow for self-treatment, but forced them to frequent consult a doctor. Numerous references to earlier authors testify the Savonarola’s extensive theoretical knowledge and accurate observations the rich medical practice.
Wybrane kolekcje historyczne z zakresu historii medycyny i farmacji we współczesnych zbiorach muzealnych i bibliotekach naukowych Stambułu – część pierwsza
Authors: Płonka-Syroka Bożena
Published: September 2021

Selected historical collections in the field of the history of medicine and pharmacy in the contemporary museum collections and scientific libraries of Istanbul. Part one In the collections of Turkish public scientific institutions, museums and libraries, there are extensive resources of historical artifacts connected thematically with the history of medicine and pharmacy. They include mainly manuscript books in Arabic, Persian, Turkish and also in Greek and Latin, which were gathered in the capital of the Ottoman Empire. The historical and medical collections contain also numerous printed books, including critical editions of the work by the classic authors of Islamic medicine together with their translations into congressional languages. In Istanbul, we can also fi nd numerous examples of various types of devices and equipment used in connection with the treatment and production of medicines. The article consists of two parts. The first part presents the outline of the history of the evelopment of historical collections in Istanbul connected with the history of medicine and pharmacy. The second part describes selected museum facilities and collections.
Jawność postępowania sądowego w świetle Europejskiej konwencji praw człowieka
Authors: Roszkiewicz Janusz
Published: September 2021

Openness of court proceedings in compliance with the European Convention on Human Rights The subject of this article is the right to open court proceedings as guaranteed in Article 6(1) of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The most important elements of this right are: the right to participate in a court hearing, the right to access to the case files and the right to acquaint with the ruling. This right applies not only to the parties to the proceedings, but also – albeit to a lesser extent – to every citizen. The text discusses the findings of the doctrine and the European Court of Human Rights, at times criticizing them especially with regard to the too narrow definition of the obligation to publicly announce the judgment. In addition, the article analyzes the extent to which the Polish law encourages openness in civil, criminal and judicial-administrative procedures.
Zadania administracji publicznej w zakresie ochrony zieleni oraz formy ich realizacji – uwagi wybrane
Authors: Gruszecki Krzysztof
Published: September 2021

Public administration tasks in the scope of green areas protection and the forms of their implementation – selected remarks

The article presents forms of administration activities which may influence the condition of green areas. It is pointed out that the analysis of public administration tasks in the scope of green areas protection cannot be limited only to the solutions presented in the Act of April 16, 2004 on the protection of the environment. It is stressed that actions taken on the basis of other legal acts, not necessarily directly related to the protection of the environment, may also have an influence on the condition of green areas. Both planning acts and decisions issued in specific cases may have this kind of character. The legal effects resulting from them may indirectly affect the green areas. Therefore, the necessity of taking complementary actions by all authorities is indicated, the application of which may ensure effective protection of green areas. Solutions that may enable it are already existing and operational, but they should be properly used.
Ilhas ameaçadas com o desflorestamento: análise da fragmentação florestal da ilha de Cotijuba, Belém, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Silva Elias Klelington Da , De Almeida Arlete Silva , Gama Luana Helena Oliveira Monteiro
Published: September 2021

A região insular de Belém, composta por 42 ilhas, perpassa por mudanças em sua paisagem, vinculadas principalmente pela ação antrópica. Destaca-se, nesse cenário, a fragmentação florestal, um processo contínuo na região amazônica e que é desencadeada principalmente pela ausência de políticas que garantam a conservação ambiental. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo mapear e analisar o processo de fragmentação florestal da ilha de Cotijuba, Belém, Pará, empregando métodos consolidados para mensurar a perda de vegetação e analisar os pequenos fragmentos florestais que ainda podem servir de corredores ecológicos para a manutenção da biodiversidade. Foi utilizada imagem de satélite SENTINEL-2 produzida no ano de 2018, aplicando técnicas de geoprocessamento e sensoriamento remoto e a aplicação das métricas de paisagem. Os resultados apontam que aproximadamente 50% da ilha encontram-se alterados, com áreas de florestas degradadas, secundárias e solo exposto. Nota-se que, apesar de possuir apenas 42,72% de fragmentos florestais preservados e 21,24% de florestas degradadas, a área de estudo possui condições favoráveis para a elaboração de um plano de manejo, com ações voltadas à criação de corredores ecológicos e ao desenvolvimento do ecoturismo.
Epidemije
Authors: Terzić Dario
Published: September 2021

Analizom medijskih sadržaja bavili su se mnogi teoretičari komunikacija još od nastanka modernih komunikacijskih teorija – Frankfurtska škola, Britanske studije, postmodernističke kulturološke studije itd.
Skup filmova nekog vremena, tvrdi Rene König, daje nam cjelovitu sliku o najsitnijim oscilacijama u osjećajima i svakodnevnom moralu te epohe.
Proteklih godina snimljeni su brojni filmovi koji govore o različitim epidemijama čiji je uzročnik virus koji prijeti ljudskoj rasi - njenom postojanju, preživljavanju, daljnoj sudbini. Mnogi od tih filmova su tek fikcije (The Seventh Seal, Outbreak, Contagion,Warld War Z,) ali neki od njih (kao Variola Vera) opisuju stvarne događaje.
Humor in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hadžić Jelena , Baralić Marina
Published: September 2021

The research is focused on the very beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia – March 2020. The subject of the research are humorous messages related to the pandemic. By combining quantitative and qualitative methods, this research showed how the interviewed respondents experienced the received humorous content related to the coronavirus and what content characteristics of the humorous messages were detected through the content analysis.
Disimulacije maske blizanačkih pandemijskih godina 2020-2021.
Authors: Marjanić Suzana
Published: September 2021

Kroz izložbene radove skupne izložbe Disimulacija maske (Koprivnica, AK galerija, 23. siječnja – 6. veljače 2021) interpretiram izvedbenu dimenziju pandemijskih maski, koja je postala glavni objekt blizanačkih 2020. –2021. godina (usp. Leone, 2020).
Participation in WorldSkills Russia championships is an indicator of training specialists
Authors: Sobina E. V.
Published: September 2021

The issues of the participation of students of professional educational organizations in the WorldSkills Russia championships are considered through the prism of quality indicators for training specialists.

A systematic analysis of theoretical sources of information devoted to the integration of the movement "Young Professionals" (WorldSkills Russia) into the vocational education system, the problems of forming competencies among students in the process of introducing WorldSkills Russia standards has been carried out.

The method of direct observation is used, with the help of which empirical material was collected about the experience of participation of the Volgograd Technical School of Railway Transport — branch of the Rostov State Transport University, in the development of new competencies in WorldSkills Russia; polls of teachers; comparison; generalization.

The key problems of practice-oriented activities of students are identified, the experience of the participation of students and teachers of the branch in the WorldSkills Russia championship movement is summarized.

The effectiveness of the participation of students in the WorldSkills Russia championships for the period 2017-2021 has been analyzed.

The positive effects of involvement in the championship movement have been determined: improving the qualifications of teachers, strengthening the material base of the educational organization in accordance with the requirements of the infrastructure competency sheets. It is shown that the involvement of students in the WorldSkills Russia championship movement provides an opportunity to popularize and increase the prestige of the profession, motivate them to professional education and improve their qualifications.
COVID-19 pandemic and automobile transport: lessons from the first wave
Authors: Kosmin V. V.
Published: September 2021

The general results of the work of the automobile transport in the world during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, summed up on the results of the work of the Special Group on COVID-19 of the World Road Association, based on the materials of almost three dozen webinars with the participation of representatives from many countries of the world. It is emphasized that the automobile transport during the pandemic was able to maintain efficiency and ensure the transport of passengers and critical goods to maintain the vitality of national economies. The features of the work of the automobile transport during the pandemic and accompanying lockdowns, including the impact of the drop in traffic on the financial condition of the automobile and automobile industry, disclosed. Based on the generalization and assessment of world experience, recommendations formulated on the organization of passenger and freight traffic, routine maintenance and repair of roads, road construction, management of the road industry with a wide organization of remote work of office personnel and the intensive use of information and computer technologies during pandemics. Proposals made for the further organization of the work of the automobile and automobile industry based on the forecast of the wave development of the COVID-19 pandemic and possible similar global disasters.
Determination of common features and classification of fitting stops for flat cars
Authors: Dyatlova O. A.
Published: September 2021

Railways, being the basis of the country's transport system, provide timely and high-quality satisfaction of the needs of shippers and consignees in transportation. One of the most effective ways of cargo delivery is container transportation.

For the transportation of containers, specialized rolling stock is used — platform cars equipped with special container attachment points — fitting stops. The design of stops for container fittings limits the spontaneous displacement of containers, prevents them from tipping over. Various designs of fitting stops are used in practice and exist only in the information representation in the form of patents and technical documentation. As a result of the comparative and statistical analysis, similarities and differences in the design were established, and common features were determined. The designs of stops and devices for fixing containers on platforms used in Kazakhstan and the United States are considered. The presented classification of fitting stops is based on the results of the analysis of the structures of fitting stops installed on specialized platform cars operated in the Russian Federation. Fitting stops of specialized platform cars for container transportation are classified in three directions.

The classification obtained as a result of the study allows us to establish the uniformity of the structures used for fitting stops of platform cars for the transport of containers and opens up the possibility of finding a way to improve certain structures united by common features.
Review of the textbook "Railway Track" edited by E.S. Ashpiz
Authors: Pevzner V. O.
Published: September 2021

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An Exploratory Study of The Perceptions of Footwear for Individuals who use Lower Limb Orthotics
Authors: Gegen Margaret , Plummer Teresa , Darr Nancy
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore individual’s perceptions of orthotics and footwear. A survey was created by the authors with the expert opinions of physical and occupational therapists and was distributed to two therapy clinics in Tennessee that provide both occupational therapy and physical therapy as well as on several online support groups. Seventy-nine (79) caregivers completed surveys. Thematic analysis was performed using Nvivo 10 (QSR International) and descriptive statistics were generated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) IBM International). Ninety percent (90%) of participants report that orthotics affect what type of shoes the user can wear. Eighty-two percent (82%) report that it is difficult to shop for shoes that accommodate orthotics. Sixty-one percent (61%) report that the user would be more likely to wear their orthotics if they had more options of shoes to wear. Fifty-nine percent (59%) report that the user would be more likely to wear their orthotics if they had shoes that were more attractive. The importance of collaborating with consumers when designing products is essential for the success of both the individual and the product.
The Prevalence of Secondary School Sport Safety Policies within State Athletic Associations and Legislation
Authors: Scarneo Samantha , Adams William , Yeargin Susan , Konz Madeline , Potter James , Casa Douglas
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The location of secondary school health and safety policies impacts how they are implemented by the sports medicine team and stakeholders. Yet, a comprehensive list of each state’s policy locations has not been established. The purpose of this study was to describe where secondary school health and safety policies were located at the state level within the United States. Method: Emergency related health and safety policies were designated as either being located in the state high school athletics association (SHSAA), state legislation (LEGIS), or in both SHSAA and LEGIS (BOTH). Designation was determined by two researchers who independently reviewed each individual policy. Frequencies were tabulated for the leading causes of catastrophic injury (exertional heat stroke (EHS), traumatic head injuries (THI), sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), and emergency preparedness (EP)) for the distribution of policies emanating from SHSSA, LEGIS or BOTH. Prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated between the policies categories and location. Results: Most (99.35%) EHS and EP (83.02%) policies were found in SHSAA. Whereas the majority (79.70%) of SCA policies were found in LEGIS. Traumatic head injuries were most frequently observed in SHSAA, however, had the greatest distribution across all three categories (SHSAA=45.31%, LEGIS=25.52%, BOTH = 29.16%). The category that most frequently found policies in BOTH was THI (THI= 29.16%, all others =2.25%; PR=12.96; 95% CI=7.81, 21.53). Conclusions: Emergency related health and safety policies for secondary school sports are commonly found in SHSAA. TBI and SCA are also found in LEGIS. This demonstrates great variability of policy locations.
Students’ Self-Perceptions of Self-Awareness/Self-Regulation when Experiencing Unexpected Situations in an Interprofessional Clinical Simulation
Authors: Espiritu Elena , Busby Steven , Hunt Julie , Brown Renee , Hallmark Beth , Cochran Keri , Krueger-Brophy Carol
Published: September 2021

Background: The healthcare environment is becoming increasingly complex and demanding; therefore, providers need to possess both technical and non-technical skills to respond in unexpected circumstances. Self-awareness and regulation are non-technical skills where an individual becomes aware of personal and others’ emotions and then modulates those emotions to effectively act during a challenging situation. Educational programs need to embed more opportunities for students to develop these skills to enhance patient outcomes. Purpose: The purpose of this research study was to explore student self-perceptions of self-awareness and self-regulation when experiencing unexpected situations in an interprofessional clinical simulation. Methods: Healthcare students (n = 109) from four disciplines participated in this qualitative research study involving an interprofessional small group, face to face simulation with unexpected circumstances. Following the simulation, participants engaged in a semi-structured debriefing. Comments were recorded and analyzed to develop a thematic structure. Results: Participants had varying views about their level of preparedness to handle complex, unexpected situations ranging from feeling not prepared at all to recognizing that they need to be equipped for anything. Students also reported a greater appreciation for the interprofessional team, acknowledging the need for one another as they navigated unexpected circumstances. Some students used their self-awareness and regulation skills in the moment to manage their emotions and move to action in response to the unexpected circumstances, while others benefited from observing and hearing from others during the simulation and debriefing session. Conclusions: The interprofessional simulation helped to prepare students to navigate unexpected challenging patient care circumstances. Students experienced some role and action confusion in response to the emotionally charged scenario; however, they recognized the importance of being self-aware, regulating their own emotions and the skills of the interdisciplinary team to best meet the needs of the patient and family. Additional opportunities for non-technical skill practice should be included in healthcare curriculums to enhance students’ preparedness for the current healthcare environment. Further research is recommended to determine best practices for teaching these non-technical skills.
Self-Reflection and its Relationship to Occupational Competence and Clinical Performance in Level II Fieldwork
Authors: Iliff Susan , Tool Gaylene , Bowyer Patricia , Parham L. , Fletcher Tina , Freysteinson Wyona
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Reflective practitioners embody the ability to critique their own clinical thinking about the dilemmas that frequently arise in professional practice and everyday life. Conflicting evidence exists on whether or not self-reflective practices are effective in promoting academic, clinical, and personal success. This quantitative study investigated self-reflection as a predictor of increased occupational competence and clinical performance in Level II Fieldwork for entry-level Master's degree occupational therapy students. Method: The study used convenience sampling to recruit participants and data were collected via a demographic survey and self-assessment questionnaires. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the extent to which self-reflection predicts occupational competence and clinical performance. R2 values were examined to determine the importance of each dependent variable (occupational competence and clinical performance). Results: Findings revealed a statistically significant relationship between self-reflection and occupational competence (p = 0.0053) but not between self-reflection and clinical performance (p = 0.08). Self-reflection accounted for 14% of the variance in clinical performance (R2 = 0.14), and more than one third (R2 = 0.38) of the variance in occupational competence. Results suggest that students who self-reflect regularly during fieldwork may have a greater ability to maintain everyday life routines during the demands of Level II Fieldwork. Conclusions: Self-reflection strongly predicts occupational competence of occupational therapy students during Level II Fieldwork, but does not significantly predict students’ clinical performance. Recommendations: Occupational therapy educators should consider incorporating guided self-reflection activities into the academic program in order to support student occupational competence. Intentional coaching in self-reflection may better prepare students for a clinical setting by supporting healthy daily routines, which may help them to manage stress during Level II Fieldwork. Future research should explore the impact of self-reflection training during clinical rotations (provided by clinical educators) on student clinical performance. Revision of the measurement of clinical performance is warranted to include questions pertaining to soft skills such as self-reflection and awareness.
Therapeutic Management of a Patient with Necrotizing Fasciitis Resulting in Quadrilateral Amputation and Critical Illness Myopathy in the Intensive Care Setting: A Case Report.
Authors: Kargela Mallory , Siebens Annette
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this case is to illustrate the best available evidence to provide early therapeutic intervention for a critically ill patient presenting with cardiovascular and pulmonary complications due to multi-system compromise. Case Description: A 19-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis and necrotizing pneumonia. He experienced numerous additional medical complications ultimately leading to tracheostomy, delirium, critical illness myopathy, and quadrilateral amputation secondary to necrotizing fasciitis and critical limb ischemia following prolonged veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). Outcomes: Patient was discharged to an outside rehabilitation hospital after 103 days in the acute setting (56 days in the ICU) and was able to tolerate 40 minutes sitting edge of bed with supervision, perform bed mobility with supervision, and propel a standard wheelchair up to 50 feet independently. At 10 months’ post-discharge from the acute setting, the patient was ambulating independently up to 150 feet without assistive device using bilateral lower extremity prosthetics, able to propel a lightweight wheelchair community distances, independent in all transfers, and returned to school and work. Discussion: These findings suggest that clinicians may want to consider examining and combining the best available evidence of multiple medical conditions to provide a well-rounded therapeutic approach including but not limited to, close monitoring of vitals and early mobilization, to managing complex patients in the intensive care setting.
Mindfulness Training and Practice in Physician Assistant Education
Authors: Sadowski Catherine , Taylor Leslie , Sharaf Erin
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to integrate mindfulness, as a compassionate pedagogy, into a physician assistant (PA) program and assess its effects on student depression, anxiety, and stress at the conclusion of the first semester. Method: Fifty-five of 60 first-semester students provided consent. Mindfulness instruction and practice began with a six-hour intensive workshop spread over two days during the first week of the semester. This was followed by seven, brief, 10 to15 minute mindfulness practices integrated across one course. Students completed a demographic questionnaire at the beginning of the project and the DASS 21 survey which measures a range of symptoms common to depression, anxiety, and stress at weeks 1 and 16 of the semester. After the course concluded, 10 students were randomly selected from those who had identified as interested in participating in a focus group to discuss their experiences and offer suggestions for improvement. Results: DASS 21 subscale scores revealed no change in depression, anxiety, nor stress. In contrast, the focus group results revealed that student anxiety and stress levels diminished through learning about mindfulness and practicing mindful meditations. Conclusions: The incorporation of mindfulness training was generally well received by first-semester PA students. Students in the focus group reported decreased levels of anxiety and stress, while the DASS 21 revealed no change. The authors suggest that the experience could be strengthened by modifying the workshop material and extending the mindfulness practice across the didactic and clinical years to allow students more opportunities to develop their personal mindfulness practice and integrate it throughout their career.
Textual Borrowing in Dissertation Writing: Perceptions of Supervisors and Supervisees
Authors: Cheung Yin Ling , Kang Shuangjuan
Published: September 2021

The existing literature shows issues pertinent to students’ inappropriate textual borrowing behaviors require further examination. Our study aims to address two questions: What are the reasons why postgraduate students’ misuse their dissertation sources? How do the dissertation supervisors react to students’ inappropriate source use, if any? In this situated qualitative study (Atkinson, 2005), we used data collected through in-depth email interviews with two applied linguistics postgraduate students and their dissertation supervisors. Regarding the analytical process, the researchers condensed the provisional themes through techniques suggested by grounded theory (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). The results reveal that causes for postgraduate students’ misuse of sources include students' lack of access to literature, poor literature-searching and documenting skills, and lack of instructional support on using literature. Supervisors have neither identified nor addressed the source misuse in their feedback given to students. This finding suggests the university's regulating culture/pedagogical support and cross-culturally variant perception of plagiarism are crucial to our understanding of textual plagiarism among postgraduate students. The commonly suggested language proficiency may not be perceived as a cause of plagiarism in the current study. The discussion includes implication for a need to provide students with a disciplinary appropriate way of citing sources.
Principal-Led State Evaluation Policy: Teacher Perceptions at Four High Schools
Authors: Frasier Amanda
Published: September 2021

While policy makers have attempted to standardize teacher evaluation, policy is implemented and enacted by school administrators. This study addresses the following question: Considering the legislative efforts to remove control of evaluation from local figures, do teachers perceive school principals as influencing the implementation of state-level evaluation policy and, if so, in what ways? I examined interviews from 14 teachers across four high schools within a district in North Carolina derived from a larger mixed method case study of teacher perceptions of evaluation policy and classroom practice. The results suggest a state-centralized teacher evaluation policy, such as the one utilized at the time of this study, can look vastly different to teachers at the school-level due to principal enactment of the policy. Furthermore, the data suggest the following themes influenced policy implementation: the capacity of principals to evaluate in a timely manner, what a principal chooses to value in a policy, and the perceived effectiveness of a principal as an evaluator of teaching. By taking a closer look at what is happening “on the ground” between teachers and principals in four schools utilizing the same state-level evaluation policy, the lessons learned in this study can help inform future policies.
Estructuras y técnicas argumentativas en el discurso escolar
Authors: Villanueva Chaucas María Elena
Published: September 2021

El presente estudio propone un modelo interdisciplinario de análisis de la argumentación escolar que aplica la Teoría de la Argumentación al ámbito educativo. Para la reconstrucción del discurso argumentativo escolar, se han utilizado dos herramientas teóricas: la lingüística textual de Lo Cascio (1998) —útil a fin de descubrir el entramado argumentativo— y la nueva retórica de Perelman y Olbrechts-Tyteca (1958/1989), que servirá para reconocer las técnicas argumentativas utilizadas. El método de este trabajo se muestra como una investigación cualitativa con orientación descriptiva; este último aspecto se aprecia en la observación sistemática de los elementos que conforman la argumentación, la representación gráfica de los argumentos y la identificación de las técnicas argumentativas utilizadas por los estudiantes en su disertación. La evaluación de estos datos permite comprender la relación entre los argumentos expuestos y demostrar la presencia de reservas y reiteraciones del punto de vista a lo largo de todo su discurso; además, se destaca el uso de conectores, reformuladores y operadores argumentativos para señalar la ruta por la que recorren las proposiciones, y, finalmente, se interpretan las técnicas argumentativas utilizadas.
Error de tipo y error de prohibición
Authors: Paz Martínez Karen Vanessa
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo aborda contenido en relación al tipo penal, el cual se puede definircomo: La descripción abstracta de la norma, que el legislador plasma en la ley penal.Los cuales se encuentran en la parte especial del Código Penal, y que se conocen comodelitos; y que son conductas antijurídicas sancionadas con una pena. El objetivo principaldel presente artículo es la investigación concreta con el fin de determinar los tratamientosmodernos que se le dan en la doctrina al error y establecer cuáles son aquellos que deben ser regulados por la legislación penal actual.

Ello implica, el desarrollo de algunos ítems sobre la normativa vigente en Guatemala. Sedesarrolla un análisis sobre el error, entendiendo que se refiere al error de tipo y error deprohibición, utilizando el método científico. Debe realizarse algunas consideraciones previas. La mayoría de las ocasiones en las que un sujeto conoce la prohibición general dela conducta, se planteará al menos eventualmente la prohibición penal. En todo caso, esinnegable que el establecimiento de una distinción entre error de tipo y de prohibicióndesde una perspectiva sistemática reviste una gran dificultad, por lo que diversos autoresanalizan su postura.
Rheumatologist's role regarding vaccination for COVID 19 in people with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Ferreyra Garrott Leandro Gabriel , Pereira Dora , Lazaro Maria Alicia , Graf Cesar , Esposto Amadeo , Citera Gustavo
Published: September 2021

In the framework of vaccination against covid 19, patients with inflammatory, autoimmune or autoinflammatory rheumatic diseases and immunosuppressed had doubts about their situation. Experience with the different platforms is scarce.
Induced spawning and larval rearing of the sea cucumber Holothuria nobilis
Authors: Nguyen Hung V. , Mariamu Bakari A. , Pham Hung Q.
Published: September 2021

Sea cucumber Holothuria nobilis is an economically important species for livelihoods in many countries. However, an increase in demand for this species has led to the depletion of wild stocks. The introduction of this species in aquaculture is necessary to reduce fishing pressure. This study was taken to establish breeding and larval rearing techniques for the development of H. nobilis aquaculture. The broodstock collected from the wild were induced to spawn by using thermal stimulation and the combination of thermal and algal stimulation methods. The larvae obtained from induced spawning were reared using different diets (mixed microalgae and mixed microalgae with artificial feeds) at different stocking densities (300, 600, and 1000 larvae/l). Thermal stimulation is the best method of inducing spawning to H. nobilis yielding up to 1,300,000 fertilized eggs. The highest survival rate (27.5%) of doliolaria larvae was achieved using a mixed microalgae diet. The highest survival rate of doliolaria larvae (41.5 %), growth, and development were in the stocking density of 600 larvae/l.
Local-free recurrence survival after breast-conserving surgery and the breast cancer complex treatment
Authors: Zikiryahodjaev A. D. , Ermoshchenkova M. V. , Bosieva A. R. , Omarova J. F. , Volchenko N. N. , Reshetov I. V.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To determine the frequency of local recurrence of breast cancer (BC) after performing breast-conserving surgery (BCS) during and after complex treatment, to study the risk factors for local recurrence and survival.

Materials and methods. A retrospective cohort study of 675 patients with breast cancer who underwent BCS followed by remote radiotherapy was conducted. The frequency of local relapse and risk factors were studied, 3- and 5-year local-free survival. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, and the Kaplan–Meyer curves were constructed.

Results. Radical breast resections (RBR) were performed in 46.7% of patients, and oncoplastic breast resections (OBS) in 53.3% of patients. The most common histological type in both groups was invasive cancer with no signs of specificity: 76.9% and 84.1% – in the OBS and RBR groups, respectively. The incidence of cancer in situ was higher in the OBS group: 14.7% vs. 3.3% in the RBR group (p < 0.001), metastases in regional lymph nodes were more frequent in the RBR group: 34.3% against 20.3% in OBS (p < 0.001). According to the immunohistochemical type and degree of differentiation, the groups did not differ. For 3 years, the relapse-free survival rate was 99.7% in both groups, and for 5 years – 99.2% in the OBS group. and 99.7% in the RBR group, 6 years – 98.3% and 98.7%, respectively; no significant differences were found between the groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of relapses depending on the width of the resection edges from <1 to ≥10 mm. The risk of relapse was increased with a preserved menstrual status (OR 20.05; 95% CI 2.52–159.33), Her2/neu–positive (OR 5.11; 95% CI 1.04–25.09) and triple-negative types (OR 4.02; 95% CI 1.02–15.95), the degree of differentiation of G3 (OR 5.58; 95% CI 1.59–19.64).

Conclusion. BCS is characterized by oncological safety; the rate of local relapse within 6 years is 1.5%. Risk factors for relapse include active menstrual status, highly aggressive immunohistochemical types of breast cancer, and low degree of differentiation.
Strategi Mencapai Kebermaknaan Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Khasanah Nginayatul
Published: September 2021

Early childhood is called the golden age in the growing period of the child. Early childhood means children aged 0-6 years. At this time children  growth rapidly and through the learning process, one of them was language learning as a means of communication. Arabic languange for Indonesian children is a foreign language so there found are various problems. That problems is the meaningless of  arabic learning for children. So kindergarten and TPA / TPQ as institutions of early childhood education play an important role in implementing strategies learning. Meaningful  Arabic learning for early childhood can be achieved by implementing the right strategy, including the selection materials, media and methods according to the early childhood development stage such as learning while playing. It is based on Carl Rogers and David Ausubel's theory of meaningful learning.
Jabat Tangan Dengan Cium Tangan Kyai Untuk Keberkahan Dalam Perspektif Quran
Authors: Tammulis Tammulis , M M. Galib , Abubakar Achmad
Published: September 2021

This research is related to the source of the Koran regarding the culture of students who kiss the hands of clerics or scholars with the belief to get blessings (tabarruk). The are two formulations of the problem, namely what is the view of the Koran regarding the culture of shaking hands by kissing the hands of scholars or kyai? Can kissing the hands of scholars or kyai get blessings according to the Qur’an? This study uses verse analysis and interpretation of the Qur’an with the mauḍū’īy (thematic) interpretation method. As for the conclusion that kissing the hands of a cleric or cleric as a form is permissible in the Qur’an, even the Qur’an obliges to glorify the ulama. The handshake by kissing the cleric’s hand, according to the Qur’an, can invite blessings from Allah because in the Qur’an one of the things that causes blessings to come down for people who always greet and stay in touch. Even in the Qur’an it is stated that then ulama are those who fear Allah, and those who are pious according to the Qur’an will be blessed by Allah SWT.
Körkérdés a magyar gazdaság helyzetét jellemző kettősségről és a világpolitikai változások lehetséges hatásáról
Authors: Antalóczy Katalin , Benczes István , Bod Péter Ákos , Csillag István , Mihályi Péter , Farkas Zoltán , Kállay László , Karsai Gábor , Losoncz Miklós , Mellár Tamás , Muraközy László , Petschnig Mária Zita , Sass Magdolna , Vakhal Péter , Várhegyi Éva
Published: September 2021

A magyar gazdaság teljesítményéről, kilátásairól ellentmondásos, sőt erősen polarizált helyzetkép rajzolódik ki az elemzésekben. Az egyik oldalon a javulást jellemző makrogazdasági mutatókat hangsúlyozzák, ilyen az államadósság folyamatos mérséklődése, a több éve három százalék alatt tartott államháztartási hiány, a hitelminősítőktől kiérdemelt jobb besorolás, a fizetési és a tőkemérleg évről évre növekvő többlete, a GDP – igaz, hullámzó mértékű – növekedése, az alacsony infláció, a bankrendszer sérülékenységének csökkenése, a mérséklődő munkanélküliségi ráta, valamint a belső fogyasztás és a reálbérek emelkedése. Más elemzések azonban a súlyos feszültségekre irányítják a figyelmet. Ezek közé tartozik a magánberuházások stagnálása, a külföldi működőtőke-befektetések visszaesése, a függés az uniós beruházási forrásoktól. Az állam megváltozott szerepével függnek össze a versenytorzító beavatkozások, az uniós fejlesztési források elosztásának problémái, az üzleti környezet kedvezőtlen vonásai, a szabályozás kiszámíthatatlan változásai. Folytatódik a lecsúszás a versenyképességi rangsorokban, romlanak a termelékenységi mutatók, nő a lemaradás a kutatás-fejlesztés, az innováció területén, és egyre erősebben megmutatkoznak a munkaerőpiac kínálati és képzettségi feszültségei. A bizonytalanság növekedéséhez hozzájárulnak új kockázati tényezők is: 2016- ban az Egyesült Királyság szavazói az Európai Unióból történő kilépésről döntöttek, az Egyesült Államokban pedig a protekcionizmussal kampányoló Donald Trumpot választották elnöknek. Kérdéseink ezek alapján a következők: A magyar gazdaság teljesítményének várható alakulása szempontjából mit tekint meghatározónak: a makrogazdasági mutatók alakulását vagy a régi és az új kockázati tényezők hatását? A világgazdaság esetleges változásai hogy befolyásolhatják a magyar gazdaság helyzetét jellemző kettősség alakulását?
Az „Egy övezet, egy út” kezdeményezés közlekedési infrastruktúra fejlesztései a gyakorlatban
Authors: Bucsky Péter
Published: September 2021

Nehéz megválaszolni azt a kérdést, hogy az „Egy út, egy övezet”, vagy másképpen „Út és övezet” kezdeményezés egy infrastruktúra, egy kereskedelmi, egy gazdasági, egy pénzügyi, egy geopolitikai vagy éppen valamilyen más, például kulturális célokat kitűző terv, koncepció vagy szervezet. Leginkább az említett célok összességének lehetne leírni. Fontos kérdésként merül fel, hogy a kezdetben regionális közlekedésfejlesztési koncepció megvalósult fejlesztései milyen változásokat segítenek elő az érintett eurázsiai térségben. Jelen cikk arra vállalkozik, hogy összesíti az elérhető információk alapján, hogy mely közlekedésiinfrastruktúra-fejlesztési projekteket finanszírozta Kína határain túl és mekkora nagyságrendben. Ez alapján azt lehetett megállapítani, hogy az egyes fejlesztések összességében nem járulnak hozzá egy olyan közlekedésiinfrastruktúra-rendszer kialakulásához, amely jelentősen átalakítaná a térség kereskedelmi, gazdasági és geopolitikai viszonyait. A kínai finanszírozással elkészült vagy épülő beruházások alapvetően helyi közlekedési problémákra adnak választ és egyelőre nem járulnak hozzá egy új, egységes eurázsiai közlekedésiinfrastruktúra-rendszer kialakulásához. A kínai hitelekből megvalósuló közlekedésiinfrastruktúra-projektek állománya azonban gyorsan nő, ez Kína számára jelentős pénzügyi kockázatokat hordoz.