bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unsafe Abortion in Kenya: Findings from Eight Studies
Authors: Rogo Khama , Leonard Ann
Published: April 2022

One of the most topical areas in reproductive health today is the consequences of induced and often unsafe abortion. Safe motherhood initiatives continue to highlight the contribution of unsafe abortion to the persistent high rates of maternal mortality and morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa. In some countries, unsafe abortion is responsible for up to half of all maternal mortality and morbidity, with adolescents constituting a significant proportion of those procuring unsafe abortions. In Kenya, concern about the problem of incomplete and septic abortion has increased, particularly on the part of service providers who must treat women suffering from the complications of poorly performed procedures. Debate about what can be done to reduce the negative consequences of unsafe abortion ranges from highly emotional arguments to pragmatic policies and programs. In 1998, in response to requests for assistance from Kenyan policymakers, the Population Council embarked on a four-year collaborative program to document the magnitude and nature of the problem of unsafe abortion. With assistance from the Population Council, researchers from the Centre for the Study of Adolescence designed and implemented a package of eight studies. This monograph provides a summary of the findings of these studies.
Role of Polyphenols in Preventing Prostate Cancer Cell Growth through Calcium Channel Blockers: An Overview
Authors: Perveen Shazia , Kanwal Sumaira , Rashid Rehmana , Arshad Shafia
Published: April 2022

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most widely diagnosed cancer in men and the sixth leading cause of death among them due to cancer. Phytochemicals play a significant role in chemo preventions. Recently, an increasing number of studies have looked into the role of polyphenols with regard to prostate cancer cell growth, highlighting their ability to target various cellular mechanisms. For this reason, we specifically focused on the studies published in the last twenty years by using different search engines including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Scopus in order to select and identify the potential role of polyphenols in targeting prostate cancer through calcium channel blockers. We concluded that polyphenols are the primary chemopreventive agents for prostate cancer.

Keywords: calcium channel blocker, cancer, chemopreventive, polyphenols, prostate cancer

Copyright(c) The Author
Numerical Solution of Fourth Order Homogeneous Parabolic Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) using Non-Polynomial Cubic Spline Method (NPCSM)
Authors: Ahmad Bilal , Perviz Anjum , Ahmad Muhammad Ozair , Dayan Fazal
Published: April 2022

Non-polynomial cubic spline functions are already being used in the field of engineering, computer sciences, and natural sciences to solve ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and partial differential equations (PDEs). However, many of the above-mentioned problems do not have an exact, stable, or convergent exact solution. There are different approximations and methods that can be applied to solve these problems. This study implemented the purposed method on homogeneous parabolic PDEs having different dimensions. The results obtained were compared with the exact solution and results of other existing methods in tabular and graphical form. Mathematica was used to find the mathematical and graphical results.EMATICA.

Keywords: Adomian decomposition method (ADM), non-polynomial cubic spline method (NPCSM), continuous approximation, finite difference approximations, fourth order homogeneous parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs)

Copyright(c) The Authors
Green Synthesis of Mixed Metal Oxide (MnO, CuO, ZnO) Nanoparticles (NPs) using Rose Petal Extract: An investigation of their Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activities
Authors: Gillani Syeda Shaista , Khan Sana Abbas , Nazir Rabia , Qurashi Aisha Waheed
Published: April 2022

In this study, mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, and MnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via the green process, which is considered to be simple, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and non-toxic. During the green synthesis method, rose petal extract was used as a reducing and capping agent, while salt solutions (CuCl2, MnCl2, and ZnSO4) were used for the bio-reduction of metal precursors, leading to the formation of mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, MnO) NPs. UV-Visible and FTIR spectroscopy were used for the analysis of mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, MnO) NPs. The results showed maximum absorbance of the mixed metal oxide in the range of 280 to 370 nm. The presence of particular peaks in FTIR verified the synthesis of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles. Subsequently, the antimicrobial and antifungal activities of mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, MnO) NPs were tested by using the disc diffusion method and well diffusion method. Mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, MnO) NPs displayed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Curvularia lunata, Aspergillus niger, and Trichophyton simii. Hence, these mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, MnO) NPs can be effectively used in the pharmaceutical sector.

Keywords: antifungal, antimicrobial, green synthesis, mixed metal oxides nanoparticles (MONPs), rose petals extracts

Copyright (c) The Authors
Diverse Views and Robust Scientific Dialogue Are Essential to Advancing Science
Authors: Murillo Joe , Andrews Lindsay
Published: April 2022

In February 2022 the American Journal of Public Health (AJPH) published an editorial [https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306683?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed] by Jodie Briggs and Dr. Donna Vallone, advocating for the censorship of industry-funded science.  Juul Labs submitted the below letter in response to AJPH.  AJPH informed us that “[t]he policy of the journal is to decline the publication of research that has been funded by the tobacco industry, not even as letters to the Editor.”  Accordingly, we have shared our response directly with Ms. Briggs and Dr. Vallone and post it here to invite additional review and commentary from the scientific community.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ СИСТЕМ ЗАХИСТУ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ В КОМП’ЮТЕРНИХ МЕРЕЖАХ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПРИКОРДОННОЇ СЛУЖБИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Андрощук Олександр , Коваленко Олександр , Тітова Віра , Чешун Віктор , Поляков Андрій
Published: April 2022

Сучасний етап розвитку Державної прикордонної служби України характеризується зростанням темпів і масштабів інформаційного обміну, збільшуючи роль інформації в системі організації управління. Процес управління є процесом обробки інформації та її перетворення на управлінські рішення, що обумовлює роль інформаційно-телекомунікаційних технологій у підвищенні його ефективності, достовірності та оперативності. У статті представлені результати аналізу науково-технічної літератури і відкритих нормативно-розпорядчих документів міжнародного, національного і відомчого рівнів, присвячених процесу функціонування систем захисту інформації від несанкціонованого доступу до автоматизованих інформаційних систем в комп’ютерних мережах із застосуванням міжмережевих екранів. На прикладі типових систем захисту інформації від несанкціонованого доступу розглянуті функціональні можливості діючих складових захисту інформації. Виявлено недоліки та визначено основні аспекти удосконалення підсистем управління доступом даних до комп’ютерних мереж Державної прикордонної служби України на основі використання нових інформаційно-телекомунікаційних технологій, що пов’язані з підвищенням реальної захищеності автоматизованих інформаційних систем. Визначено основні принципи забезпечення безпеки локальних мереж і автоматизованих інформаційних систем Державної прикордонної служби України, а саме: забезпечення інформаційної безпеки вимагає комплексного й цілісного підходу; інформаційна безпека повинна бути невід’ємною частиною систем управління в організації; велике значення для забезпечення безпеки мають соціальні фактори, а також заходи адміністративної, організаційної й фізичної безпеки; інформаційна безпека має бути економічно виправданою; відповідальність за забезпечення безпеки – чітко визначена. Безпека автоматизованих інформаційних систем повинна періодично аналізуватися й переоцінюватися. Як перспективну технологію запропоновано мережеві екрани “наступного покоління” “Fortigate” та “Cisco ASA”, які засновані на застосуванні комплексного підходу.
МЕТОДИКА ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ РІШЕНЬ НАЧАЛЬНИКА ВІДДІЛУ ПРИКОРДОННОЇ СЛУЖБИ В УМОВАХ АКТИВІЗАЦІЇ НЕЗАКОННОЇ МІГРАЦІЇ
Authors: Захарчук Денис , Бурбела Сергій , Чорпіта Михайло
Published: April 2022

У статті висвітлено загрози незаконної міграції та аналіз певного стану протидії їй. На основі аналізу обстановки в країнах походження, транзиту та спрямування незаконних мігрантів сформовано фактори, які найбільш істотно впливають на параметри процесу. Найбільш значущий вплив на процес незаконної міграції здійснюють фактори-регулятори міграційних процесів: адміністративні та правові умови зміни місця проживання, правила в’їзду до країни (візовий режим), правила перебування в країні (прописка, реєстрація, громадянство), умови навчання та працевлаштування. Оцінено можливості чинних методик, розкрито їх відповідність наявним загрозам та альтернативні варіанти вирішення проблеми. Постановлено наукову проблему. З метою отримання об’єктивних прогнозних даних про показники незаконної міграції розглянуто набір альтернативних моделей дій правопорушників та вибрано з них одну, яку покладено в основу висновків із оцінки обстановки з використанням умов різних ділянок підрозділів охорони держfвного кордону. Розглянуто методику обґрунтування рішень начальника відділу прикордонної служби в умовах активізації незаконної міграції, у результаті застосування якої об’єктивно оцінено стан виконання завдань з охорони державного кордону, відповідність заходів обстановці на ділянці відповідальності відділу прикордонної служби; вибрано раціональні значення параметрів системи охорони державного кордону, що забезпечить вжиття заходів, адекватних параметрам загроз. З використанням запропонованої методики науково доведено те, що найбільшої ефективності в охороні кордону за найменших витрат можна досягти за рахунок поліпшення організації, а саме адекватного реагування на загрози незаконної міграції.
ВИХІДНІ ВІДОМОСТІ
Authors: Редакція журналу
Published: April 2022

Вихідні відомості
KREATIFITAS PEMBUATAN ANYAMAN BAMBU UNTUK PENINGKATAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DI DESA REJOSOPINGGIR
Authors: Munawaroh Siti
Published: April 2022

Desa Rejosopinggir sebagian besar penduduknya bermata pencaharian dibidang pertanian, dan sebagian penduduknya juga bermata pencaharian wiraswasta. Salah satunya memproduksi anyaman bambu berupa sesek dan wedek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan ekonomi kerajianan anyaman bambu terhadap pendapatan masyarakat di Desa Rejosopinggir, penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Rejosopinggir Kecamatan Tembelang Kabupaten Jombang, pemilihan lokasi penelitian dilakukan dengan pertimbangan bahwa desa ini sebagian masyarakatnya bekerja sebagai pengrajin anyaman bambu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket yang diambil dari 20% dari populasi yang ada. Hasil penelitian yang telah dicapai dalam pelaksanaan pelatihan pengembangan UMKM kerajinan anyaman yaitu (1) meningkatnya keterampilan pengrajin anyaman dalam membuat produk anyaman bambu; (2) meningkatnya perekonomian masyarakat Desa Rejosopinggir, Kecamatan Tembelang, Kabupaten Jombang dilihat melalui kontribusi kerajinan anyaman bambu terhadap total pendapatan keluarga sebesar 48%.
Las redes sociales para fomentar la interculturalidad en la educación superior
Authors: Diaz Quichimbo Danilo Marcelo , Crespo Asqui Jeferson Dario , Contreras Moina Mónica Joselyn
Published: April 2022

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la relación que existe entre las redes sociales y las prácticas interculturales en la educación superior. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo apoyado en la metodología investigación-acción y en la técnica descriptiva, con lo cual se verificó el planteamiento problemático. Como resultado se obtuvo que el uso de las redes sociales promueve la interculturalidad por sus múltiples ventajas: comunicación, interacción, facilidad de uso y participación de la comunidad educativa. Se logró incentivar la práctica de los principios interculturales y la valoración del uso de las redes sociales de forma innovadora, así como la generación de espacios en que los docentes fomenten entre los estudiantes la presencia de valores culturales en el campo educativo.
Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Aşı Haberleri ve Haber Doğrulama Platformları: “Doğruluk Payı” ve “Teyit” Örnekleri
Authors: YUMRUTAŞ Mehmet
Published: April 2022

Dijital medya mecraları, “yanlış bilgi” ve/veya “sahte haber”in hızlı biçimde üretilerek kitlelere ulaşmasına aracılık etmektedir. İçinden geçtiğimiz Covid-19 pandemi süreci göz önüne alındığında, hastalıktan korunmada en etkin metot olarak görülen aşılar ile ilgili birçok sahte haberin üretilmesi, “infodemi” olarak da adlandırılan olgunun öne çıkan örneklerinden birini oluşturmaktadır. İnsanları doğru bilgilendirme amacıyla hareket eden haber doğrulama platformları, yanlış bilgi ve/veya sahte haberlerin saptanması konusunda, “infodemi” ile mücadelede de önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir. Bu araştırmada, seçilen örnekler üzerinden, doğrulama platformlarının medyada yer bulmuş Covid-19 aşıları hakkındaki yanlış bilgi ve sahte haberlerini konu alan doğrulama faaliyetleri incelenmektedir. Covid-19 aşılarıyla ilgili haberlerin; Türkiye’de Covid-19 vakaları görülmeden önce başladığı, aşılarla ilgili iddiaların neredeyse tamamına yakınının sosyal medya kaynaklı olduğu ve doğrulama neticesinde %92’sinin “Yanlış” olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
A influência dos gêneros sexuais na educação da escola municipal Nova Nazaré
Authors: Guimarães Ueudison Alves , Willms Elni Elisa
Published: April 2022

O artigo aborda o preconceito racial praticado na Escola Municipal Nova Nazaré – MT. As atividades de intervenção duraram cerca de uma semana. O objetivo foi descobrir quais ações educativas os professores executam em sua prática pedagógica para combater o preconceito racial em sua unidade escolar; analisar como os docentes percebem, experimentam e atuam junto à realidade do preconceito racial dentro do ambiente escolar. Como instrumentos metodológicos foram utilizados debates, palestras e diálogos informais. Foram realizados estudos bibliográficos durante os horários destinados à formação continuada e hora atividade. Em sala de aula foram realizadas as intervenções juntamente aos alunos propiciando respeito a todos independentemente da escolha sexual. Os resultados obtidos foram significantes, pois ajudamos na modificação do modo de ver os fatos e, por conseguinte, isto pode levar a uma mudança de pensamentos e atitudes de vários alunos com relação aos gêneros no ambiente escolar e na sociedade.
A ludicidade com alunos da educação de jovens e adultos
Authors: Guimarães Ueudison Alves , Bueno Leidiane Aparecida dos Santos
Published: April 2022

O uso da metodologia lúdica na Educação de Jovens e Adultos é essencial para a motivação e compreensão do aluno pelo ensino. As atividades lúdicas é um instrumento de extrema importância, pois, é um modo facilitador da aprendizagem. O lúdico não se resume somente em “brincar”, e sim, na colaboração da formação de estratégias e interação social dos alunos; fatores que colaboram com a associação dos conteúdos a serem estudados. Diante do exposto, este artigo possui o objetivo de apresentar a importância da ludicidade com alunos na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), através de pesquisas realizadas em artigos científicos, livros e acervos, classificando-se como revisão bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN UNSUR HARA MAKRO PADA MEDIA PERTUMBUHAN JAMBU BOL VARIETAS GONDANGMANIS (Syzygium malaccensei) DI DESA GONDANGMANIS KECAMATAN BANDARKEDUNGMULYO JOMBANG
Authors: Sa'adah Nur Laili , Chusnah Miftachul
Published: April 2022

Gondangmanis guava production has decreased every year, this is due to pests and plant diseases and due to decreased land quality, either due to soil fertility or the absence of cultivation techniques applied to Gondangmanis guava plants. This is caused by several factors, including the lack of supply of agricultural production inputs, the absence of development of guava cultivation technology, the absence of post-harvest technology assembly for guava, and the absence of wider marketing of guava production. soil organic matter, physical properties and macronutrients contained in the land of gondangmanis guava growth. The decline in land productivity will affect the productivity of crop production. Based on this, the author intends to examine how much macro nutrients are available in the Gondangmanis guava growth medium and the soil characteristics of the Gondangmanis guava growing media. The survey and sampling were carried out in the village of Gondangmanis Badarkedung, Mulyo, jombang. Anali This study used a qualitative research using a survey system followed by random sampling of soil at a depth of 0-20 cm. The soil sample is then analyzed in the Integrated Laboratory of the Department of Agriculture. Some of the parameters studied were soil pH determined by a pH meter, N-total was determined by the Kjeldahl method, P-total was determined using the Olsen method, C-organic was determined by the Walkley and black methods. The results of the analysis showed that the chemical content of the soil on the Gondangmanis guava media showed that the soil pH was neutral – alkaline, the C-organic content was very low, the N-total was very low, and the P-total was very high. The soil character of Gondangmanis guava growth media in Gondangmanis village is sandy loam and tends to be sandy.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Penyusunan Portofolio dan CV Berbasis Visual Builder
Authors: Widyastutik Luky , Airlangga Primaadi
Published: April 2022

The problem of students who will and have graduated from college is in terms of job search, among others, their lack of understanding in making a CV with a good format so as to make opportunities accepted in a job a little. Design this system based on visual builder that is able to process data and facilitate storage automatically. This sample is obtained from observation data with the target of Unwaha students, this method is used because it has ease in finding an existing fact. The analytical technique used in this research is qualitative descriptive which is done by analyzing or describing the process and the results of the design of the developed system. Design this system based on visual builder that is able to process data and facilitate storage automatically. For that, there is a system that can facilitate the creation of a CV and Portfolio so that students no longer need to be dizzy in loading and publishing their CV.
КЕЙС-ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ЯК ЗАСІБ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ САМОСТІЙНОЇ РОБОТИ СТУДЕНТА
Authors: РОСКВАС Ігор
Published: April 2022

Статтю присвячено особливостям застосування кейс-технологій у процесі організації самостійної роботи студентів. Автором запропоновано визначення «кейс-технології»; прослідковано шляхи розвитку кейс-технологій та їхній сучасний стан; виокремлено виклики, які стоять перед викладачем у процесі організації самостійної роботи студентів; запропоновано рекомендації щодо застосування викладачем кейс-технологій у процесі організації самостійної роботи студентів. У статті зазначено, що у стандартах закладів вищої освіти значно збільшуються нормативи часу, відведеного на самостійну роботу студентів. У зв’язку з цим перед викладачем постає питання ефективної організації самостійної роботи студентів. Нові умови передбачають значну індивідуалізацію навчального процесу за активної позиції особи студента. Пошук шляхів удосконалення якості підготовки фахівців змушує заклади вищої освіти переглядати як зміст освіти та навчання, так і технологію процесу творення. Сучасний стан підготовки фахівців у закладах вищої освіти диктує необхідність пошуку нових шляхів підвищення якості їх теоретичної підготовки, готовності до самостійної творчої праці, а головне – засобів і методів підготовки випускника до практичної та професійної діяльності. У вирішенні цього питання може допомогти застосування кейс-технологій. На переконання автора статті, використання кейс-технологій дає можливість організувати навчальний процес таким чином, що кожен студент отримує можливість опанувати навчальний матеріал за окремими темами, предметами на різних рівнях, але не нижче базового, залежно від його здібностей та індивідуальних особливостей. З-поміж низки різноманітних викликів, з якими зіштовхується кожен студент, вважаємо за необхідне виокремити такі: студент, який вибирає собі спеціальність (найчастіше за порадою батьків), не завжди досить активний у навчальному процесі, не може самостійно виконувати, вивчати будь-які теми, практичні завдання, творчо підходити до вирішення поставленої проблеми.
Kurikulum Adab Penghafal Al-Qur’an Perspektif Al-Ajurri
Authors: Syahrir Muhammad Ichsan
Published: April 2022

Al-Qur'an is a guidebook for Muslims in carrying out their life activities. Not a few among Muslims try to memorize the Qur'an. The success of memorizing the Qur'an is closely related to the etiquette that must be carried out by those who memorize it. In this study, the author explores the thoughts of a prominent cleric, Imam Al-Ajurri. Researchers tried to trace the curriculum of Qur'an memorization etiquette in the book Akhlak Hamalatil Qur'an. The method used in this research is library study. The results obtained in this study are things that must be considered by someone who wants to successfully memorize the Qur'an is that he must improve morals and pay attention to etiquette while memorizing the Qur'an. Among the etiquette that must be considered, namely, sincere for Allah, not saying dirty or dirty words, always fearing God, being devoted to both parents, not doing evil deeds, being polite to the teacher, and always paying attention to etiquette in assemblies.

Abstrak                                  

Al-Qur’an merupakan kitab pedoman umat Islam dalam menjalankan aktivitas kehidupannya. Tidak sedikit di antara umat Islam yang mencoba menghafalkan Al-Qur’an. Keberhasilan menghafal Al-Qur’an terkait erat dengan adab-adab yang harus dilaksanakan oleh yang menghafalkannya. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggali pemikiran seorang ulama terkemuka, Imam Al-Ajurri. Peneliti mencoba menelusuri kurikulum adab penghafal Al-Qur’an dalam kitab Akhlak hamalatil Qur’an. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi Pustaka. Hasil yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini adalah hal yang harus diperhatikan oleh seseorang yang ingin berhasil menghafal Al-Qur’an adalah ia harus memperbaiki akhlak dan memperhatikan adab selama menghafal Al-Qur’an. Di antara adab yang harus diperhatikan yaitu, ikhlas karena Allah, tidak berkata kotor ataupun jorok, selalu bertakwa kepada Allah, berbakti pada kedua orang tuanya, tidak melakukan perbuatan jahat, bersikap sopan terhadap gurunya dan senantiasa memperhatikan adab-adab dalam bermajelis.
ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ МАРКЕТИНГОВОГО РОЗВИТКУ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ЯБЛУК В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Галат Л.М.
Published: April 2022

У статті розглянуто тенденції у виробництві і на ринку яблук та формування конкурентоспроможності галузі садівництва на основі маркетингового підходу. Встановлено, що за останні роки відбулася модернізація галузі шляхом закладання нових садів, оновлення сортів, створення інфраструктури, що привело до суттєвого скорочення площ яблуневих насаджень та підвищення урожайності яблук майже у 4 рази. Зазначено, що зростання ринкової пропозиції яблук забезпечується на третину агропідприємствами, що використовують сучасні технології виробництва, зберігання яблук, а решту формують господарства населення. Розглянуто причини зниження дохідності яблучного бізнесу, незбалансованості ринку яблук, нестачі якісної продукції, малих обсягів експорту. Визначено шляхи подолання проблем галузі через вжиття маркетингових заходів у виробництво і збут, підвищення якості продукції, розширення географії та обсягів експорту.
ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СУЧАСНОГО РОЗВИТКУ РЕЛІГІЙНО-ПАЛОМНИЦЬКОГО ТУРИЗМУ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Кацемір Я.В.
Published: April 2022

У статті розглянуто напрями та роль релігійного туризму. Автором проаналізовано особливості розміщення паломників, які сповідують різні релігії. Автор статті вважає, що особливим інтересом у залученні паломників та релігійних туристів є центри релігій, святі місця. Відвідування таких місць може бути зумовлено проведенням різних свят, культових актів, фестивалів, що відбуваються у певну пору року. Розглянуто визначення релігійного туризму та типи релігійних поїздок, на підставі чого зроблено висновок, що сучасна подорож (і релігійна не є винятком) прямо пов’язана з необхідністю надання туристам різноманітних послуг, життєво необхідними серед яких є харчування, транспорт, оформлення документів. Автор доходить висновку, що розуміння, знання та використання туристичних мотивів у подорожі з релігійними цілями можуть стати запорукою успішного просування та популяризації цього туристичного спрямування.
Correlation Between Dry Eye and Screen Viewing Time Among Young Adult
Authors: Chisom Cecilia Nwankwo , N. Alvan’D Onwukwe
Published: April 2022

Screen use especially computers, phone and other visual display devices are now an essential part of our daily life. With the increased use, a large population is experiencing ocular symptoms globally such as dry eyes, eye strain, irritation and redness of the eyes. This study determined the correlation between dry eye and screen viewing time among young adult in Madonna university teaching hospital. This is an observational cross-sectional study with 100subjects. 50(50%) male and 50 (50%) female within the ages of 18-32years. A total of 100 questionnaire were collected, quantitative approach was used to determine dry eye using schimer’s strip and the data were analyzed using Pearson chi-square. The study discovered the percentage of age group of the participant which 53(53%) fell within 23-27 years with 28(28.0%) males and 25(25%) females, while 18-22years 38(38%) with 18(18%) males and 20(20%) females, 28-32years 9(9.0%) in which 4(4.0%) were males and 5(5.0%) were females. The study showed that the mean age was 23.18 and standard deviation of ±3.160. The mean and standard deviation gotten for dry eye were 21.43±10.96. The study also showed the screen viewing time distribution among the participants within the duration of 4-6hours as the highest occurring duration with 38(38.0%), while 7-9hours was 25(25%), 1-3hours was 19(19%) and above 9hours with the least 18(18%) with the total mean of 1.42 and standard deviation ± 0.997. Correlation between dry eye and screen time in respect to gender, for screen viewing time above 9hours were (p=0.00, p<0.05) while correlation between dry eye and screen viewing time in relation to age group from 18-22years were (p=0.051, p< 0.05), 23-27years (p=0.017, p<0.05) and 28-32 (p=0.126, p<0.05) with the total Pearson chi-square of 0.00 (p=0.00, p<0.05). In conclusion there is statistical correlation between dry eye and screen viewing time especially for constant screen users. The researcher recommends proper orientation and institutional education on screen usage especially for constant users.
Considerations in managing wastewater odor at pulp and paper operations
Authors: MATTINGLY AMANDA JOHANSEN , WIEGAND PAUL , SACKELLARES ROBERT
Published: April 2022

Many pulp and paper mills are, at least periodically, faced with the release of odors that can migrate offsite and be considered a nuisance by nearby residents. At chemical pulp mills, perceptible odors associated with reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs) are common, many of which are highly perceptible owing to their low odor thresholds. As releases of RSCs and other odorous substances from production processes are progressively controlled, the proportional contribution from wastewater treatment systems to areal odors can increase.
This review paper summarizes important fundamentals of odor generation, source identification, and control. Common odorous substances are identified, and mechanisms for their generation are summarized. Approaches for measuring odorous substances are detailed to enable more effective management, and various odor control strategies
are discussed.
Determining the Impact of Economic Growth, Carbon Emissions, Foreign Direct Investments, and Trade Openness on Energy Consumption in the Philippines
Authors: Deang John Tristan , Dispo Leigh Anne Darlene , Pizarro-Uy Anna Corinna
Published: April 2022

The Philippine energy sector is currently facing the problem of rising energy demand and the dominance of coal and natural gas in the energy mix. The current objective of the Philippine energy sector is to satisfy energy demand while maintaining its goal of reducing environmental effects. The paper explores the dynamic relationship between energy consumption in per capita terms and selected variables, namely, aggregate output, carbon emissions, foreign direct investment, and trade openness in the Philippines. The data spans the period from 1981 to 2017. The paper utilizes a multivariate framework based on the theoretical premises revolving around the energy-growth nexus. Time-series econometric modeling based on the OLS regression analysis is employed for this purpose. The results of the Johansen cointegration test confirm the presence of cointegrating relationships and finds a strong long-run relationship among the variables. The regression analysis results found that economic growth and carbon emission are significantly correlated with energy consumption. The paper finds that energy consumption is negatively correlated with economic growth and positively correlated with carbon emissions. The results suggest that policymakers can enforce energy conservation policies without hampering the economy too much. The results highlight the need for pollution-abatement policies and technologies in order to minimize the effect of the energy sector on the environment. Therefore, the share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix should increase.
SEJARAH PERKEMBANGAN KAMPUNG MADRAS DI MEDAN
Authors: Kurniawan Adam
Published: April 2022

Sebagai salah satu kota terbesar di Indonesia, Medan merupakan salah satu kota multietnis yang memiliki demografi penduduk dengan latar belakang budaya dan agama yang berbeda-beda. Perkembangan Medan sebagai pusat penghasil daun tembakau terbaik di masa Kolonial Belanda tidak terlepas dari terbentuknya Kampung Madras sebagai kawasan permukiman komunitas masyarakat Tamil. Seiring berjalannya waktu, kawasan Kampung Madras mulai mengalami perkembangan dan perubahan fungsi dan fisik kawasan. Berdasarkan fenomena di atas, penelitian terhadap kawasan Kampung Madras menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan mengambil data penelitian melalui perbandingan kondisi kawasan di masa Kolonial Belanda dan saat ini dengan meninjau beberapa studi literatur terkait sehingga ditemukan hubungan antara pengguna, aktivitas, dan ruang pada kawasan permukiman. Hasil kajian terhadap kawasan Kampung Madras didapatkan bahwa perubahan yang terjadi berkaitan dengan faktor sosial, budaya, ekonomi yang saling berkaitan mempengaruhi terbangunnya sarana dan prasarana di kawasan Kampung Madras.
ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABILITY REPORT DISCLOSURE, EXTERNAL ASSURANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE AND FINANCIAL ACCESS ON NON-FINANCIAL SECTOR COMPANIES
Authors: Bramanti Geodita Woro , Nareswari Ninditya , Gunawan Maydawati Fidellia , Kunaifi Aang , Negoro Nugroho Priyo , Wibawa Berto Mulia
Published: April 2022

Economic growth in Indonesia is growing rapidly, this further exacerbates the current environmental conditions which are characterized by high levels of pollution, greenhouse gas effects, global warming and the threat of ecosystem extinction. The emergence of various environmental problems that occur today are caused by various sectors, one of which is the industrial sector. As the largest contributor to GDP in Indonesia, the industrial sector which is an IDX listing company has an obligation to have a sustainability report where this report describes economic, social and environmental activities. This sustainability report can provide information symmetry that can be considered by third parties, both financial institutions and investors. This sustainability report must have external quality and assurance so that it is not just a disclosure but can be a reliable sustainability report.

Therefore, this study has an aim to analyze the relationship between the sustainability reports quality, the external assurance quality, usage of external assurance, environmental performance and financial access. The sample population are non-financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and PROPER during the 2014-2019 period. The analytical method used is panel data regression analysis using STATA.The result of this study found a significant strongly relationship between environmental performance and the quality of sustainability report disclosures on the company's financial access. In contrast, there is an insignificant effect between the quality of external assurance sustainability report disclosure on the financial access of the main sector and manufacturing companies.
Effect of Market Orientation and Innovation Toward Competitive Advantage In Business Street Food at Jl. Pahlawan Kusuma Bangsa Kediri City
Authors: Rahmadi Afif Nur , Dewandaru B.
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of market orientation and innovation on competitive advantage partially and simultaneously. The population in this study are MSME entrepreneurs who sell food on Pahlawan Kusuma Bangsa Street, Kediri, with a sample size of about 100 respondents. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion conclusions can be drawnthat partially market orientation and innovation posited with the highest or dominant value is market orientation. While simultaneously market orientation and innovation together affect competitive advantage. This is very good, by increasing market orientation and innovation, the company's competitive advantage will also increase. Therefore, market orientation and innovation variables are always improved so that food entrepreneurs who are on the way of the Heroes of Kusuma Bangsa can survive and increase competitive advantage.
Genotype-phenotype and outcome associations in patients with Fanconi anemia: the National Cancer Institute cohort
Authors: Altintas Burak , Giri Neelam , McReynolds Lisa J. , Best Ana , Alter Blanche P.
Published: April 2022

Fanconi anemia (FA) is caused by pathogenic variants in the FA/BRCA DNA repair pathway genes, and is characterized by congenital abnormalities, bone marrow failure (BMF) and increased cancer risk. We conducted a genotype-phenotype and outcomes study of 203 patients with FA in our cohort. We compared across the genes, FA/BRCA DNA repair pathways (upstream, ID complex and downstream), and type of pathogenic variants (hypomorphic or null). We explored differences between the patients evaluated in our clinic (clinic cohort) and those who provided data remotely (field cohort). Patients with variants in upstream complex pathway had less severe phenotype [lacked VACTERL-H (Vertebral, Anal, Cardiac, Trachea-esophageal fistula, Esophageal/duodenal atresia, Renal, Limb, Hydrocephalus) association and/or PHENOS (Pigmentation, small-Head, small-Eyes, Neurologic, Otologic, Short stature) features]. ID complex was associated with VACTERL-H. The clinic cohort had more PHENOS features than the field cohort. PHENOS was associated with increased risk of BMF, and VACTERL-H with hypothyroidism. The cumulative incidence of severe BMF was 70%, solid tumors (ST) 20% and leukemia 6.5% as the first event. Head and neck and gynecological cancers were the most common ST, with further increased risk after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Among patients with FANCA, variants in exons 27-30 were associated with higher frequency of ST. Overall median survival was 37 years; patients with leukemia or FANCD1/BRCA2 variants had poorest survival. Patients with variants in the upstream complex had better survival than ID or downstream complex (p=0.001 and 0.016, respectively). FA is phenotypically and genotypically heterogeneous; detailed characterization provides new insights towards understanding this complex syndrome and guiding clinical management.
Ki67 Index Is the Most Powerful Factor for Predicting the Recurrence in Atypical Meningioma : Retrospective Analysis of 99 Patients in Two Institutes
Authors: Lee Sang Hyuk , Lee Eun Hee , Sung Kyoung Su , Kim Dae Cheol , Kim Young Zoon , Song Young Jin
Published: April 2022

Objective : The primary objective of this study was to identify predicting factors for local control (LC) of atypical meningioma, and we validated them with comparing the predicting factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS). We also examined the rate of LC after surgical resection with or without adjuvant treatment and RFS.Methods : Clinical and radiological records of patients with atypical meningiomas diagnosed at two institutes from January 2000 to December 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Histopathological features were also reviewed using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded samples from pathological archives.Results : Of the 99 atypical meningiomas eligible for analysis, 36 (36.4%) recurred during the follow-up period (mean, 83.3 months; range, 12–232 months). The rate of 3-year LC and 5-year LC was 80.8% and 74.7%, respectively. The mean time-to-recurrence was 49.4 months (range, 12–150). The mean RFS was 149.3 months (95% confidence interval, 128.8–169.8 months) during the mean follow-up duration of 83.3 months (range, 12–232 months). Multivariate analysis using Cox proportional-hazard regression model showed that the extent of resection (hazard ratio [HR], 4.761; p=0.013), Ki67 index (HR, 8.541; p=0.004), mitotic index (HR, 3.275; p=0.044), and tumor size (HR, 3.228; p=0.041) were independently associated with LC. These factors were also statistically associated with RFS. In terms of radiotherapy after surgical resection, the recurrence was not prevented by immediate radiotherapy because of the strong effect of proliferative index on recurrence.Conclusion : The present study suggests that the extent of resection, proliferative index (according to Ki67 expression) and mitotic index, and tumor size are associated with recurrence of atypical meningiomas. However, our results should be further validated through prospective and randomized clinical trials to overcome the inborn bias of retrospective nature of the study design.
Assessment and Comparison of Three Dimensional Exoscopes for Near-Infrared Fluorescence-Guided Surgery Using Second-Window Indocyanine-Green
Authors: Cho Steve S. , Teng Clare W. , De Ravin Emma , Singh Yash B. , Lee John Y.K.
Published: April 2022

Objective : Compared to microscopes, exoscopes have advantages in field-depth, ergonomics, and educational value. Exoscopes are especially well-poised for adaptation into fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) due to their excitation source, light path, and image processing capabilities. We evaluated the feasibility of near-infrared FGS using a 3-dimensional (3D), 4 K exoscope with nearinfrared fluorescence imaging capability. We then compared it to the most sensitive, commercially-available near-infrared exoscope system (3D and 960 p). In-vitro and intraoperative comparisons were performed.Methods : Serial dilutions of indocyanine-green (1–2000 μg/mL) were imaged with the 3D, 4 K Olympus Orbeye (system 1) and the 3D, 960 p VisionSense Iridium (system 2). Near-infrared sensitivity was calculated using signal-to-background ratios (SBRs). In addition, three patients with brain tumors were administered indocyanine-green and imaged with system 1, with two also imaged with system 2 for comparison.Results : Systems 1 and 2 detected near-infrared fluorescence from indocyanine green concentrations of >250 μg/L and >31.3 μg/L, respectively. Intraoperatively, system 1 visualized strong near-infrared fluorescence from two, strongly gadoliniumenhancing meningiomas (SBR=2.4, 1.7). The high-resolution, bright images were sufficient for the surgeon to appreciate the underlying anatomy in the near-infrared mode. However, system 1 was not able to visualize fluorescence from a weakly-enhancing intraparenchymal metastasis. In contrast, system 2 successfully visualized both the meningioma and the metastasis but lacked high resolution stereopsis.Conclusion : Three-dimensional exoscope systems provide an alternative visualization platform for both standard microsurgery and near-infrared fluorescent guided surgery. However, when tumor fluorescence is weak (i.e., low fluorophore uptake, deep tumors), highly sensitive near-infrared visualization systems may be required.
Elite Conflict and the Negation of Economic Development in Lesotho
Authors: Mosabala Thuso Donald , Fombo Gregory Fah
Published: April 2022

Several factors have been offered to explain depressing economic development levels in Africa. The factors include colonial legacy, social pluralism, and its centrifugal tendencies, corrupt leaders, and limited inflow of foreign capital. While Lesotho shares some of the above challenges, it is more homogenous in terms of ethnicity, a remarkable departure from most African countries, south of the Sahara. Notwithstanding the insulation from inter-ethnic squabbles, Lesotho is not faring better in economic development due to internal conflicts within elite ranks for political power reminiscent of what is in other parts of Africa, albeit not on ethno-linguistic or cultural lines. This intra elite conflict has largely not been interrogated as a bane to development in Lesotho. This work makes use of prebendalism theory. Methodologically, the work used secondary data. The temporal scope is from 1993 to 2018. It is deduced that elite conflict has impacted negatively economic development in Lesotho.
A Frequency and Semantic Analysis of the Most Frequent Connotations of the Notion of Beauty
Authors: Demuthova Slavka , Demuth Andrej
Published: April 2022

In order to define and determine the meaning of a notion, its use in the natural language is a valuable source of information. Analyses aimed at understanding the meaning of a particular expression include the observation of its connotations. It is assumed that each meaningful word in a language is characterised by a set of semantic connotations and these connotations are a product of the experiences that are communicated by the use of the word. The term “beauty” is one of the most complex and multidimensional words. The study concentrates on the identification of its connotations in the natural language of 1,558 users aged 19 to 89 years (mean age = 45.23; SD = 16.33 years); there were slightly more women in the sample (52.7%). The most frequent connotation of the notion of beauty was nature, followed by woman, love, family, and child (the connotations occurred in more than 15 % of the language users in the observed sample). Most of the connotations (93.7 %) were nouns, which testifies to the substantive character of the notion of beauty. The content analysis of the connotations revealed seven areas to which they related – nature, values, feelings, people, objects, abstract ideas, and activities. Deeper analyses pointed to the necessity to study the possible influence of other variables (gender, age, value orientation ...) on the understanding of the notion of beauty and its connotations.
Yoga-Estetis dalam Kakawin Lambang Pralambang sebagai Ikhtiar Mencapai Kemanunggalan dengan Tuhan
Authors: Yudhistira Naufal Anggito , Suparta I Made
Published: April 2022

Kakawin Lambaᶇ Pralambaᶇ is one of the lyric poetry texts contained in the lontar manuscript coded CP.25 LT-223 which is stored in the manuscript collection of the University of Indonesia. The manuscript was written in 1799 AD in Lombok using a Balinese script. This study aims to reveal the form of literary yoga and the relationship of religious expression in Kakawin Lambaᶇ Pralambaᶇ with other Old Javanese and Balinese literary works. This research is qualitative research using a reception approach. To prepare the object of research, a philological work step was used to extract the Kakawin Lambaᶇ Pralambaᶇ text from the manuscript. The single-text method was used because only one witness manuscript is known to contain this text. The text Kakawin Lambaᶇ Pralambaᶇ shows the wandering of the poet in an attempt to do literary yoga (yoga-aesthetic). In addition, there is also the concept of worship in the form of cai librarians as a metaphorical expression of the poet to worship (manembah) God. This Kakawin also contains an overview of religious concepts related to the love of men and women. In addition, this text is also related to efforts to achieve the union of man with God.

---

Kakawin Lambaᶇ Pralambaᶇ merupakan salah satu teks puisi lirik yang terdapat dalam naskah lontar berkode CP.25 LT-223 yang disimpan dalam koleksi naskah Universitas Indonesia. Naskah tersebut ditulis pada tahun 1799 Masehi di Lombok dengan menggunakan aksara Bali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap bentuk yoga sastra dan kaitan espresi religius dalam Kakawin Lambaᶇ Pralambaᶇ dengan karya sastra Jawa Kuna dan Bali lainnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan resepsi. Untuk mempersiapkan objek penelitian digunakan Langkah kerja filologi untuk mengekstrak teks Kakawin Lambaᶇ Pralambaᶇ dari naskah. Metode naskah tunggal digunakan sebab hanya ada satu naskah saksi yang diketahui mengandung teks ini. Dalam teks Kakawin Lambaᶇ Pralambaᶇ memperlihatkan pengelanaan pujangga dalam usaha melakukan yoga sastra (yoga-estetis). Selain itu terdapat pula konsep pemujaan dalam bentuk caṇḍi pustaka sebagai suatu ekspresi metaforis sang pujangga untuk menyembah (manembah) Tuhan. Kakawin ini juga memuat gambaran konsep religius terkait percintaan laki-laki dan perempuan. Selain itu, teks ini juga terkait dengan upaya untuk mencapai penyatuan manusia dengan Tuhan.