bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationships Matter Most: A Mixed Methods Study into Meaning in Life in Personality Disorder, Before and After Treatment
Authors: Steen Angelien , Sam Pauline , Schuhmann Carmen , Braam Arjan W.
Published: February 2025

Meaning in life is often at stake in patients with personality disorder (PD) and associated with a lack of self-direction. Meaning in life, including religion and spirituality, seems to contain facets within personality and facets independent of personality and might change during treatment. The sample included patients with PD (pre-treatment n = 125, post-treatment n = 85) and a control group (n = 69). To clarify (changes in) facets of meaning in life, open interview questions on meaning, meaninglessness, recovery, and supportive resources were subjected to a qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results show that significant others are the primary, most important source of meaning in life and support for PD patients and controls. Negative feelings, feelings of loss, and a psychiatric disorder are the three most frequent “causes” of meaninglessness in patients, stressing the importance of therapy to treat these issues. In the PD group, pets are a relevant source of meaning in life. Treatment is likely to contribute to the restoration of meaning in life. Here, addressing interpersonal functioning represents a key element, probably by improving connectedness with loved ones.
Exploring the Intersection of Hunting Practices and Buddhist Non-Killing Doctrines in the 3rd to 6th Centuries AD in China: An Analysis of Memoirs of Eminent Monks
Authors: Xie Meizi , Liu Jing , Wang Yuanlin
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the complex interaction between Buddhist non-killing doctrines and the pervasive hunting culture in China during the 3rd to 6th centuries AD. While Buddhist teachings emphasized abstaining from killing, they also had to adapt to a society where hunting was common, impacting behavior at personal, royal, and state policy levels. The conflict between Buddhist values and hunting practices was not just an ethical opposition but also a reflection of deeper societal dynamics involving political power and cultural adaptation. Through a detailed analysis of the Memoirs of Eminent Monks and other historical texts, this paper examines how monks balanced religious precepts with the realities of their time. It also investigates Buddhism’s influence on royal hunting activities and state policies, particularly its contribution to hunting bans. By doing so, the study sheds light on how Buddhism shaped Chinese society and governance, offering new perspectives on the long-lasting cultural and political effects of Buddhist doctrines.
Tax Risk and Cost of Debt: The Role of Tax Avoidance—Evidence from the Iraqi Stock Market
Authors: Al-Refiay Hussen Amran Naji , Barrak Jasim Idan , Isam Elaibi Al-Tameemi Asif , Pazhohi Mohammadreza
Published: February 2025

Taxes represent a significant expense for many companies, prompting a strong incentive to minimize tax liabilities through strategies known as tax avoidance. This research explores the impact of tax avoidance and tax risk disclosure on the cost of debt among companies listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange. This study analyzes data from 33 firms from 2016 to 2021, employing multivariate linear regression and the generalized least squares (GLS) model to test the hypotheses. The findings indicate that tax avoidance significantly and positively affects the cost of debt, suggesting that firms engaging in tax avoidance may experience greater borrowing costs. Additionally, tax risk disclosure is shown to directly and significantly influence the cost of debt. Importantly, this study reveals that tax risk disclosure negatively moderates the relationship between accrual tax avoidance and the cost of debt, indicating that higher tax risk disclosure can reduce uncertainties associated with tax avoidance, reducing borrowing costs. These results imply that tax avoidance and its influence on corporate debt levels can affect the overall risk profile of a country's financial system. Understanding this relationship is crucial for governance measures aimed at managing tax risks effectively. Given the limited research in this area, this study contributes to the literature by examining how tax risk and tax avoidance relate to the cost of debt in an emerging market context.
Design and Implementation of an Interactive System for Service Robot Control and Monitoring
Authors: Santana Jonas Machado , Silveira Bruno Duarte , Lima Crescencio , Diaz-Amado Jose , Libarino Cléia Santos , Marques Joao E. Soares , Barrios-Aranibar Dennis , Patiño-Escarcina Raquel E.
Published: February 2025

This project aims to develop an interactive control system for an autonomous service robot using an ROS (robot operating system). The system integrates an intuitive web interface and an interactive chatbot supported by Google Gemini to enhance the control experience and personalization for the user. The methodology includes the integration of an API (application programming interface) to access a database storing user preferences, such as speed and frequent destinations. Furthermore, the system employs facial recognition, people groups’ recognition, and adaptive responses from the chatbot for autonomous navigation, ensuring a service tailored to the individual needs of each user. To validate the proposal, it was implemented on an autonomous service robot, integrated into a motorized wheelchair. Tests demonstrated that the system effectively adjusts the wheelchair’s behavior to user preferences, resulting in safer and more personalized navigation. The use of facial recognition and chatbot interaction provided more intuitive and efficient control. The developed system significantly improves the autonomy and quality of life for wheelchair users, proving to be a viable and efficient solution for autonomous and personalized control. The results indicate that integrating technologies like ROS, intuitive web interfaces, and interactive chatbots can transform the user experience of autonomous wheelchairs, better meeting the specific needs of users.
Deep Q-Network (DQN) Model for Disease Prediction Using Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
Authors: AbdelAziz Nabil M. , Fouad Gehan A. , Al-Saeed Safa , Fawzy Amira M.
Published: February 2025

Many efforts have proved that deep learning models are effective for disease prediction using electronic health records (EHRs). However, these models are not yet precise enough to predict diseases. Additionally, ethical concerns and the use of clustering and classification algorithms on small datasets limit their effectiveness. The complexity of data processing further complicates the interpretation of patient representation learning models, even though data augmentation strategies may help. Incomplete patient data also hinder model accuracy. This study aims to develop and evaluate a deep learning model that addresses these challenges. Our proposed approach is to design a disease prediction model based on deep Q-learning (DQL), which replaces the traditional Q-learning reinforcement learning algorithm with a neural network deep learning model, and the mapping capabilities of the Q-network are utilized. We conclude that the proposed model achieves the best accuracy (98%) compared with other models.
Note on Pre-Taxation Data Reported by UK FTSE-Listed Companies: Search for Compatibility with Benford’s Laws
Authors: Ausloos Marcel , Sastroredjo Probowo Erawan , Khrennikova Polina
Published: February 2025

Pre-taxation analysis plays a crucial role in ensuring the fairness of public revenue collection. It can also serve as a tool to reduce the risk of tax avoidance, one of the UK government’s concerns. Our report utilises pre-tax income (PI) and total assets (TA) data from 567 companies listed on the FTSE All-Share index, gathered from the Refinitiv EIKON database, covering 14 years, i.e., the period from 2009 to 2022. We also derive the PI/TA ratio, and distinguish between positive and negative PI cases. We test the conformity of such data to Benford’s Laws, specifically studying the first significant digit (Fd), the second significant digit (Sd), and the first and second significant digits (FSd). We use and justify two pertinent tests, the χ2 and the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD). We find that both tests do not lead to conclusions in complete agreement with each other—in particular, the MAD test entirely rejects the Benford’s Laws conformity of the reported financial data. From the mere accounting point of view, we conclude that the findings not only cast some doubt on the reported financial data, but also suggest that many more investigations should be considered on closely related matters. On the other hand, the study of a ratio, like PI/TA, of variables that are (or are not) Benford’s Laws-compliant adds to the literature concerning whether such indirect variables should (or should not) be Benford’s Laws-compliant.
Advancing Healthy and Sustainable Environmental Stewardship: Reimagining Strategies for Air, Water, Food, and Waste Management
Authors: Hashemi Shervin
Published: February 2025

Given the pervasive impacts of global climate change and environmental degradation, there is an urgent need to develop innovative approaches to establish a trajectory towards a healthy and sustainable environment [...]
Modeling Maize Production and Water Productivity Under Deficit Irrigation and Mulching as Sustainable Agricultural Water Management Strategies in Semiarid Areas
Authors: Abera Messay , Dessie Mekete , Addis Hailu Kendie , Asmamaw Desale Kidane
Published: February 2025

Crop simulation models serve as effective instruments for evaluating the management conditions of irrigation systems. This study aims to simulate maize production to identify optimal irrigation water management strategies under deficit irrigation and moisture conservation practices, utilizing the AquaCrop model. We conducted this research at Woleh irrigation schemes during the 2023/2024 irrigation season in the Wag-himra zone of northern Ethiopia. To check how well the model worked, we used statistical tests such as prediction error (PE), root mean square error (RMSE), index of agreement (D), goodness-of-fit (R2), and the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (NCE). The model effectively simulated canopy cover, aboveground biomass, and yield across all treatments, evidenced by the high R2 (0.99) and NSE (0.99) values. Furrow-irrigated raised bed planting (FRBP) at 100% and 75% ETc with mulch exhibited the lowest predicted errors and deviations in yield and water productivity. The model effectively predicted maize yield and biomass under full irrigation in FRBP at 75% ETc with mulch. The AquaCrop model serves as a dependable measure of maize crop development and outcomes across different irrigation conditions and mulch types, potentially enhancing sustainable maize productivity in water-stressed areas.
Enhancing Institutional Sustainability Through Process Optimization: A Hybrid Approach Using FMEA and Machine Learning
Authors: Naranjo Jose E. , Alban Juan S. , Balseca Marcos S. , Bustamante Villagómez Diego Fernando , Mancheno Falconi María Gabriela , Garcia Marcelo V.
Published: February 2025

Administrative processes in higher education institutions often encounter inefficiencies, duplication of efforts, and a lack of clarity, which undermine institutional sustainability and user satisfaction. This study introduces a hybrid optimization framework that integrates Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) with machine learning (ML) to enhance the reliability and efficiency of processes in a renowned university in Ecuador. Due to the variability of the data, a tailored model was developed for each of the ten critical processes analyzed. Two models were employed for each process: one focused on predicting high RPN values (current state) and another on evaluating proposed improvements leading to low RPN values (optimized state). Significant reductions were observed in metrics such as the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). For instance, the RMSE decreased from a maximum of 9.07 in the high RPN model to 4.24 in the low RPN model, while the MAE improved from 2.86 to 3.25 across processes. Key improvements included addressing failure modes such as errors in requirements, unclear steps, and incomplete documentation. These findings underscore the effectiveness of combining FMEA with ML to optimize processes, align institutional practices with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and establish a replicable framework for promoting resilience, transparency, and sustainability in administrative management.
A Critical Review of Consumer Perception and Environmental Impacts of Bioplastics in Sustainable Food Packaging
Authors: Lin Junjie , Jaiswal Amit K. , Jaiswal Swarna
Published: February 2025

As awareness of environmental issues deepens and the demand for sustainability grows among societies, businesses, and consumers, minimizing the environmental impact of food packaging has become increasingly important. Bioplastics offer a promising solution due to their use of renewable resources (such as plants), their biodegradability, and their ability to retain the protective properties of traditional plastics. This review discusses recent advancements and trends in sustainable food packaging, emphasizing the role of bioplastics. Several typical types of bioplastics are introduced, along with an analysis of their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, this study investigates consumers’ attitudes toward bioplastic food packaging, emphasizing their perceptions of its sustainability and practical use. The findings reveal that consumers generally hold a positive attitude toward bioplastics, particularly appreciating their biodegradable and compostable properties. However, their expectations are often overly high, as they believe bioplastics must meet two key criteria: being made from renewable raw materials and being fully biodegradable or compostable. Additionally, most consumers lack the knowledge or ability to dispose of bioplastic waste properly. This issue highlights two critical areas for policymakers: aligning consumer expectations with realistic sustainability goals and educating the public on correct waste sorting and disposal practices.
Digital Technologies in the Sustainable Design and Development of Textiles and Clothing—A Literature Review
Authors: Glogar Martina , Petrak Slavenka , Mahnić Naglić Maja
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the digital transformation of the textile and fashion industry, focusing on the alignment with sustainability principles through the integration of Industry 4.0 technologies. The introduction highlights the urgency of transitioning from conventional production methods to innovative, digitally enabled systems that promote a circular economy and resource efficiency. The main research questions address the contribution of Industry 4.0 elements to sustainable solutions, the directions of digitalization within the apparel sector, and the significant impact of digital technologies on the achievement of sustainability goals. The theoretical framework examines sustainability in the textile industry and emphasizes the need for a green transformation facilitated by digital technologies to reduce environmental impacts. Industry 4.0 concepts, as discussed in The Concept of Industry 4.0 in the Textile and Apparel Sector, are revolutionizing production through technologies such as IoT, AI, and blockchain, enabling traceability, customization, and energy-efficient operations. The paper also explores the evolution of the fashion and apparel industry into a high-tech sector, highlighting advances such as CAD-CAM systems, digital printing, and 3D technologies that improve precision, reduce waste, and support sustainable practices. In its conclusion, the paper emphasizes the crucial role of interdisciplinary collaboration, regulatory frameworks, and investment in skills development to overcome the challenges of implementing digital and sustainable practices. It posits that a strategic embrace of digital ecosystems and Industry 4.0 technologies is essential for creating a resilient and sustainable textile industry that is aligned with environmental and societal goals.
Sustainable Placemaking and Thermal Comfort Conditions in Urban Spaces: The Case Study of Avenida dos Aliados and Praça da Liberdade (Porto, Portugal)
Authors: Lopes Hélder Silva , Remoaldo Paula C. , Vidal Diogo Guedes , Ribeiro Vítor , Silva Lígia Torres , Martín-Vide Javier
Published: February 2025

The urban microclimate of Avenida dos Aliados and Praça da Liberdade was subjected to comprehensive examination through twelve measurement campaigns at six strategic observation points over the course of two seasons, namely summer and winter, between 2019 and 2020. The study employed an objective approach based on measurements to evaluate key microclimatic factors, including air temperature, which ranged from 15 °C in winter to a peak of 38 °C in summer, and Relative Humidity (RH), which varied from 50% to 85%. Additionally, wind speed was recorded between 1.0 m/s and 2.5 m/s, along with solar radiation levels, which significantly impacted Surface Temperatures (Tsurf), reaching up to 38.0 °C in some areas. A parallel subjective survey questionnaire was conducted with 123 participants. In particular, the preference for shaded areas was highlighted through a thermal sensation map, with some places in Praça da Liberdade being a favored spot during summer due to its vegetation and lower Tsurf. The study identified solar exposure, wind patterns, and Tsurf as the key determinants of thermal comfort. It is noteworthy that shaded areas, particularly those with a substantial amount of greenery, were found to alleviate discomfort from the heat, thereby making them the preferred choice for pedestrians. Furthermore, the study underscored the significance of incorporating adaptive elements, such as greenery, shading structures, and ventilation corridors, into urban design to enhance comfort across different seasons. Results contribute with valuable insights for urban planners. The data indicate that urban design should prioritize the inclusion of pedestrian-friendly elements, such as shaded walkways and seating areas, to promote the active use of public spaces. This approach is particularly relevant in the context of climate change, where seasonal variations and increasing temperatures may exacerbate discomfort in urban environments.
Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) and Specificity Protein 1 (Sp1) or Sp3 Transactivate the Bovine Alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1)-Infected Cell Protein 0 Early Promoter
Authors: Hewawasam Sankha , El-Mayet Fouad S. , Jones Clinton
Published: February 2025

Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) acute infection leads to latently infected sensory neurons in trigeminal ganglia. During lytic infection, the immediate early expression of infected cell protein 0 (bICP0) and bICP4 is regulated by an immediate early transcription unit 1 (IEtu1) promoter. A separate bICP0 early (E) promoter drives bICP0 as an early viral gene, presumably to sustain high levels during productive infection. Notably, bICP0 protein expression is detected before bICP4 during reactivation from latency, suggesting the bICP0 E promoter drives bICP0 protein expression during the early phases of reactivation from latency. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) cooperatively transactivate the bICP0 E promoter despite this promoter lacks a consensus GR response element (GRE). KLF and specificity protein (Sp) family members comprise a “super-family” of transcription factors. Consequently, we hypothesized Sp1 and Sp3 transactivated the bICP0 E promoter. These studies revealed GR and Sp3 or Sp1 cooperatively transactivated bICP0 E promoter activity. KLF4 and Sp3, but not Sp1, had an additive effect on bICP0 E promoter activity. Mutating the consensus Sp1 and CACCC binding sites proximal to the TATA box impaired promoter activity more than the Sp1 sites further upstream from the TATA box.
Early Enhancement in Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Is an Index of DUSP9, SLPI, ALDH1L2, and SLC1A1 Expression in Canine Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Tanaka Toshiyuki , Motegi Tomoki , Sumikawa Nanami , Mori Misaki , Kurokawa Shohei , Akiyoshi Hideo
Published: February 2025

Canine hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by distinct computed tomography (CT) findings. HCC exhibits tumor heterogeneity, with different genomic information and histopathological features within the same tumor. In human HCC, genetic alterations affect the prognosis and treatment, and research has begun to assess genetic alterations using minimally invasive and reproducible CT. However, the relationship between CT findings and the genomic information of canine HCC is unknown. Early contrast of HCC indicates increased intratumoral neovascular growth. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between enhancement patterns in the arterial phase of CT imaging and gene expression in canine HCC using RNA sequencing. Based on the CT findings, three of the eight dogs studied were classified as having enhancement HCC and five as having non-enhancement HCC. RNA sequencing was performed using the mRNA extracted from the specimens. Eight differentially expressed genes met the cutoff criteria. Among these, DUSP9, SLPI, and ALDH1L2 were the most upregulated genes in enhancement HCC, whereas SLC1A1 was the most downregulated in non-enhancement HCC. Canine HCC may involve different angiogenesis mechanisms. CT findings can be used to assess the gene expression status in canine HCC and may add new value to CT imaging.
In Vitro Activity of a New Ophthalmic Spray Containing Biosecur® Citrus Extract (Oftasecur®) Against Candida auris and Candida albicans and Preformed Biofilm on Contact Lenses
Authors: Pinna Antonio , Donadu Matthew Gavino , Dore Stefano , Serra Rita , Sacchi Matteo , Boscia Giacomo , Bozó Aliz , Kovács Renátó
Published: February 2025

We investigated the in vitro antifungal activity of a new commercial ocular spray containing Biosecur® citrus extract (Oftasecur®) against Candida auris and C. albicans and assessed its activity against preformed Candida biofilm on contact lenses and plastic lens cases. The C. auris isolate 12 (NCPF 8973) and the SC5314 C. albicans wild-type reference strain were used. Oftasecur®’s effect on C. auris and C. albicans planktonic cells (1 × 106 cells/mL) was tested in RPMI-1640 medium. The concentrations tested were 0.39%, 1.56%, 6.25%, 12.5%, and 25%. The living planktonic cell number was obtained using time-kill experiments. Antifungal activity against preformed C. auris and C. albicans biofilm on etafilcon A and senofilcon A contact lenses and plastic lens cases was also tested. A significant decrease was found in the living cell number of C. albicans after 8–48 h in the presence of Oftasecur® concentrations ranging from 6.25% to 25% (p < 0.01–0.001). In the C. auris experiments, the cell number was significantly decreased after 8 h incubation in 25% Oftasecur® (p < 0.05–0.001). Similarly, 12.5% Oftasecur® was effective against preformed C. auris and C. albicans biofilm on contact lenses and plastic lens cases. The results suggest that the in vitro antifungal activity of Oftasecur® against C. albicans and C. auris planktonic cells and preformed fungal biofilm on contact lenses and plastic cases is dependent on the concentrations used. Further research is warranted to establish whether Oftasecur® may play a role in the prevention of contact lens-related Candida keratitis and other ocular-surface Candida infections.
Advancing Strategies for the Control and Treatment of Emerging Contaminants in Water Ecosystems
Authors: Zhu Yuxiang , Xu Sai
Published: February 2025

Emerging contaminants (ECs) include pollutants that are not commonly monitored in the environment but have the potential to cause ecological or health impacts [...]
Efecto de la hora de colecta e índice temperatura-humedad sobre las características seminales porcinas
Authors: Vergara-Moncayo Adrian Israel , Centeno-Mendoza Jexon Stalin , Larrea-Izurieta Carlos Octavio , Alcívar-Martínez Marco Antonio
Published: February 2025

La calidad seminal en porcinos es un campo de investigación en la producción porcina, ya que tiene un impacto directo en la eficiencia reproductiva y, por consiguiente, en la rentabilidad de las granjas. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto del índice de temperatura y humedad (ITH) sobre las características seminales porcinas colectadas en diferentes horarios. El enfoque es cuantitativo, descriptivo, diseño experimental, Se realizó en la Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Vinculación Hato Porcino de la ESPAM-MFL. Materiales y métodos: Se usaron tres verracos mestizos y se extrajo un eyaculado de cada animal semanalmente durante 14 semanas. La unidad experimental fue el eyaculado extraído individualmente. Se evaluó volumen de eyaculado, concentración espermática, motilidad masal, motilidad individual y rectilínea, vitalidad, pH y morfología espermática. Se aplicó un modelo lineal general mixto considerando la hora de colecta e ITH como efectos fijos y los verracos como efecto aleatorio. Las horas de colecta fueron a las 8:00 h, 12:00 h y 16:00 h. Los resultados registraron una temperatura ambiental promedio de 29,24 ± 3,13 °C, acompañada de una humedad relativa promedio de 81,14 % ± 13,02. El ITH presentó un valor promedio de 80,69 ± 3,25., lo que indica presencia de estrés calórico durante el experimento. Sin embargo, las variables macroscópicas y microscópicas del eyaculado porcino no mostraron diferencias significativas (p>0,05), a pesar de ello, se observó que el volumen del semen variaba en función del horario de colecta. Se concluye que el ITH dentro del rango evaluado en este estudio, no afecta la calidad espermática.
PENGARUH HARGA SEWA, KUALITAS PELAYANAN, DAN CITRA MEREK TERHADAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN PADA PO KENSYA TRANS
Authors: Mardani Setiawan  , Marsi Fella Rizki
Published: February 2025

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of price, service quality and brand image on consumer satisfaction. This research uses a quantitative approach with a population of PO Kensya Trans consumers in October of 3995 people. In this research the sample was selected using the Slovin formula and obtained a research sample of 97.5 rounded up to 100 samples. Data collection uses a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using WarpPLS 8.0 software by analyzing convergent validity tests, discriminant validity tests, reliability tests, model fit tests, r2 tests, q2 tests and hypothesis tests. The test results show that the price variable does not have a positive and significant effect, then the service quality and brand image variables show that the results have a positive and significant effect.
PERAN TRUST DALAM MEMEDIASI PENGARUH PERCEIVED EASE OF USE DAN PERCEIVED USEFULNESS TERHADAP REPURCHASE INTENTION PADA APLIKASI TOKOPEDIA
Authors: Meisa Alvioni Syamsudin  , Leni Evangalista Marliani
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the role of trust in mediating the effect of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness on repurchase intention on the Tokopedia application. The population in this study are Tokopedia users who live in Bandung City. The sample was taken using purposive sampling technique with the criteria that respondents 17-64 years old who have made at least two transactions in the Tokopedia application. The number of samples in this study amounted to 120 respondents. Data were collected through an online questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert Scale and analyzed using multiple regression and the sobel test. The results showed that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have a positive effect on trust. Perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, trust a positive effect on repurchase intention. The sobel test indicates that trust is able to mediate the influence between perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness on repurchase intention. This research provides important insights for the development of e-commerce strategies in increasing customer repurchase intention.
Role of CBCT in C-Shaped Canals
Authors: Elackiya A , Sudiksha S , Akash M M , Deepika Geeth
Published: February 2025

C – shaped canal configuration is a root canal modification commonly seen in mandibular second molars. This canal variation can pose a challenge to the clinician during negotiation, debridement and obturation. Knowledge regarding the C-shaped canal configuration is needed to achieve success in endodontic therapy. The development of endodontic therapy has been continuously aided by the application of imaging techniques that permit precise and sensitive examination of anatomical structures. For dentists, the diagnosis with traditional radiography techniques and the management of fillings and debridement are typically challenging. Three dimensional (3D) spatial anatomical navigation is enabled by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in 3 volumetric planes ( sagittal, axial and coronal) which provides greater accuracy in the identification of C-shaped canal morphologies. This narrative review mentions the theoretical concepts regarding C-shaped canal, Role of CBCT in endodontics, Elements of interpretation and application of CBCT scans in case of C – shaped canal anatomy, limitations in availability, assessment and interpretation of CBCT images .
Optimizing Islamic Boarding School Edupreneurship Through Internet of Things Adoption and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Lutfiyah Konita , Maarif Mohammad Syamsul , Asnawi Yudha Heryawan , Arsyianti Laily Dwi
Published: February 2025

Islamic boarding schools are the oldest Islamic educational institutions that are deeply rooted in the history of the Indonesian nation. Since the 15th century, Islamic boarding schools have existed as a manifestation of the synergistic encounter between universal Islamic teachings and local wisdom. Islamic boarding schools can survive across time and generations, because the Islamic boarding school education system prioritizes the formation of spirituality, morality, noble morals and manners. The current study attempts to recommend a priority strategic in adopting Internet of Things (IoT) to create innovative services in islamic boarding School. The processing technique used to determine the strategy is the fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This research was conducted in Islamic Boarding School by Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with several experts. The expert is mayor of Depok, head of the Data and Information Center of the Ministry of Education and Culture, Director of Education Diniyah Islamic Boarding School, founder of Islamic boarding school Cendekia Amanah, Professor of Ushuluddin Faculty, IoT practitioner, alumni, and Islamic boarding school practitioner. The results show that the most dominant factor in improving services is human resources, and the actor is the islamic boarding management leader. The following finding is that the Increase organizational impact through service effectiveness and efficiency. The prior alternative strategy to recommend is by Building a technology culture among Islamic boarding school residents through Islamic boarding school values, habits and systems. The results of this study are presented and discussed, and the results of this study can be helpful for islamic boarding school in similar developing countries.
Barriers in the green infrastructure governance in small and medium-sized cities in Poland
Authors: Legutko-Kobus Paulina , Szulczewska Barbara , Gawryszewska Beata , Długozima Anna , Giedych Renata , Nowak Maciej J.
Published: February 2025

The objective of this article was to identify barriers to the green infrastructure governance (GI) of small and medium-sized cities in Poland. The GI governance models and barriers to the effective implementation of the GI concept in the development policy of cities were identified on the basis of literature studies. The identified barriers were subject to assessment in the context of their validity. Online forms were used to address experts and representatives of 20 cities. Furthermore, barrier-related questions were included as an element in the online focus group research and structured interviews. The research results indicate that the GI governance barriers are not assessed unequivocally in terms of their validity. The cities clearly emphasise a problem with the lack of awareness and involvement of inhabitants, limitations in financing investments, and lack of attention to the GI conceptualisation (project team) and GI governance methods (experts).
NÁRODNÍ LÉKAŘSKÁ KNIHOVNA PRO VEŘEJNOST – DOSTUPNOST ZDRAVOTNÍCH INFORMACÍ O MEDICÍNSKÝCH TÉMATECH
Authors:   Národní lékařská knihovna, Lesenková Eva , Bouzková Helena ,   Národní lékařská knihovna, Feberová Jitka ,   1. LF UK
Published: February 2025

Příspěvek seznamuje se speciální informační službou Národní
lékařské knihovny pro veřejnost MedLike, která je primárně
určená pro širokou veřejnost, tedy pro pacienty, jejich rodinné
příslušníky a všechny, kteří se zajímají o své zdraví. Cílem služby
je rozšířit dostupnost zdravotních informací o medicínských
tématech pro laiky.
On the Issue of the Concept of the Local Subject of Proof in Civil Proceedings
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad state University, Saint Petersburg, Nakhova E.A. ,   North-­Western Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Saint Petersburg,   Saratov State Law Academy, Saratov, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the concept of a local subject of proof in civil proceedings. The actual composition of the local subject of proof in the civil process is investigated. The author states that the actual composition of the disputed procedural legal relationship is considered as an element of the mechanism for determining the subject of proof. When performing a private duty of proof, it is the facts - the grounds for the commission of procedural actions and the facts - the grounds for objections against it that are proved.
Deprivation of the Right to Hold Certain Positions or Engage in Certain Activities: Problematic Aspects of Punishment
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Cheparov R.D.
Published: February 2025

The relevance of the topic of the scientific article is due to the question of the appropriateness of the existence of a punishment in the form of deprivation of rights in the criminal law, because today this punishment can be replaced by another type, which also limits the social and labor rights of convicts. The paper raises the problem of the insufficiency of the punitive function of the punishment under study. The scientific study examines the significance of the terms of this punishment, their correlation with the conviction, as well as the lack of reasonableness in specifying the terms of punishment in cases where a person will not be able to hold a position or carry out activities in the future even if the conviction has been removed and expunged. It is also substantiated that any criminal punishment gives rise to a criminal record, and therefore the type of punishment imposed does not matter for the prohibition to hold a certain position or engage in a certain activity. The importance of filling the legal gap in the application of the punishment under study, including to positions in commercial and other public organizations, is analyzed. Based on the results of the research, it is proposed to direct the efforts of the scientific community to solving existing problems in the area of criminal punishment under consideration in order to prevent the redundancy of criminal law norms in the criminal law of the Russian Federation.
Theoretical and Legal Foundations for the Implementation of Administrative Legal Regimes in the Field of Providing National Interests
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of Management Technologies and Economics, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Portnova A.A.
Published: February 2025

This article is devoted to the study of the theoretical and legal foundations for the implementation of administrative and legal regimes in the sphere of ensuring national interests. The article provides a systematic analysis of the legal literature devoted to the research, and also formulates the concept of national interest. A key aspect of the study is the study of current threats to national interests, as well as ways to ensure national interests through the implementation of administrative and legal regimes. The author concluded that when developing a legal framework in the field of ensuring national interests, it is necessary to take into account the whole range of problems that influence these areas.
The Code of Tax: how Digitalization is Changing and Will Change International Tax Obligations
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, Markova A.-M. M.
Published: February 2025

In the context of the rapid development of the digital economy, international taxation faces new challenges, such as the use of modern technologies in tax base erosion and tax evasion, and opportunities such as the development of electronic platforms to simplify the tax collection process. The article provides definitions and discusses the main concepts, key issues and current trends related to international taxation in the era of digitalization. An analysis of initiatives aimed at harmonizing tax rules is conducted and recommendations are proposed to improve tax efficiency, in particular, the introduction of monitoring and data analysis using AI and blockchain technology.
Alimony Obligations
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Ivangorod, Russian Federation, Dadashova E.G.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the issue of the appointment of alimony payments as a way to protect and provide a child with proper maintenance in case of parents' evasion from fulfilling the corresponding obligation. The issue of the practice of collecting alimony for children, as well as the procedure for assigning their payment, including through the conclusion of an agreement on the payment of alimony, is being investigated. The analysis of judicial practice on the issue of collecting alimony for children and the application of liability in case of evasion from payment of alimony is carried out.
Written Evidence in a Civil Case: Concept and Procedural Features of Their Formation, Research, Recording and Evaluation
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of Technology, Management and Law, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Novitsky V.A. , Novitsky L.U. ,   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

In the article, the authors clarify the previously proposed wording of the term "written evidence" and propose to include it in Part 1 of Article 71 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation instead of the current one, reveal the problems of shortened disclosure of written materials of a civil case, fixing a document with a certain number in the materials of a civil case in pencil, the prejudice of certain types of official documents on an example from the judicial practice of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and their practical solution is proposed in the law.
Problematic Aspects of the Legal Institution of Bringing a Person as an Accused
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Vnukova D.R. , Shepeleva O.R. ,   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

The article examines the problematic aspects that arise in the process of bringing a person as an accused in the criminal proceedings of Russia. The issues related to the transformation of this status are discussed, depending on the stage of the criminal process. The analysis of the problems of law enforcement related to the addition and modification of charges is carried out. The problems of legislation are considered and ways of solving the indictment are proposed, in the light of the rights and freedoms guaranteed to the accused.
Common Position of the Defense Attorney and the Defendant: Concept, Ways to Prevent Abuse
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Chabukiani O.A. , Shepeleva O.R. ,   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

One of the fundamental provisions of the right to defense is the right to a common position with a defense lawyer. High-quality legal assistance should exclude deliberate silence about identified violations or omissions of the preliminary investigation bodies and the court, "alternative defense" and ignoring the position of the client, remaining only in the position of advising on issues that arise for the participant. The authors conducted an analysis of judicial practice on the recognition by the court of inconsistency or inconsistency of the lawyer's position with the defendant as a significant violation of the right to defense. The results of the analysis showed that sometimes expressing a different position with the principal is an abuse of law aimed at delaying the entry into force of the final court decision. To exclude such abuse, the article suggests some solutions to timely expose the defender.
Legal Regulation of Unequal Marriages in the Russian Ruling Dynasty in the XIX – Early XX Centuries
Authors:   Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great, Voronezh, Russian Federation, Liventsev D.V.
Published: February 2025

Throughout the more than three hundred-year history of the Romanov dynasty, its members repeatedly entered into unequal marriages. Such a marriage union could become an excuse for the Grand Duke to renounce his right to the throne and not recognize the belonging of his wife and children to members of the Russian ruling family. It should be noted that among the Romanovs who entered into a morganatic marriage, there were heirs to the Russian throne. The author identifies and summarizes the experience of legal regulation of unequal marriages of members of the Grand ducal house of Romanov in the XIX - early XX centuries.
USO DE PRANCHAS DE COMUNICAÇÃO ALTERNATIVA DE BAIXA TECNOLOGIA NO ENSINO DE AUTOCUIDADO PARA CRIANÇAS AUTISTAS NÃO VERBAIS
Authors: de Assis Tavares dos Santos Francisco , Lima de Brito Santos Josélia , do Perpétuo Socorro Machado de Carvalho Maria , de Brito Nascimento Lucas
Published: February 2025

This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of low-tech alternative communication boards (ACC) in teaching self-care skills to nonverbal children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The research
highlights the importance of creating an inclusive school environment and the teacher's role in
implementing effective pedagogical practices. Assistive Technology is presented as a set of tools that support the communication of children with ASD, with low-tech AAC serving as a practical and
accessible alternative. The methodology employed was a literature review covering the period from
2019 to 2023, focusing on studies that explore the application of these boards in the school
environment. The results suggest that the use of low-tech AAC significantly contributes to the
development of autonomy in these children, alleviates anxiety associated with communication
difficulties, and promotes more effective learning.
Healthcare AI Ethics and Patient and Public Engagement: An Science
and Technology Studies (STS) Perspective
Authors: Kang Miryang
Published: February 2025

This article discusses Junhewk Kim’s “Patient and Public Involvement Model in
Healthcare artificial intelligence (AI) Ethics.” I focus on two key aspects of
Kim’s argument: the particularity of healthcare AI research compared to
traditional medical research, and the exclusive legitimacy of patients and
citizens as the subjects of external validation. I contend that Kim’s current
reasoning does not elucidate the unique nature of big data in healthcare AI and
risks limiting the democratic potential of participatory models. The field of
Science and Technology Studies (STS), which explores the relationship between
science and society, could help to strengthen Kim’s argument by providing a more
focused analysis of big data and citizen participation. I conclude that although
public involvement is a procedural condition for creating ethical healthcare AI,
it is not sufficient on its own to render healthcare AI ethical. The realization
of ethical healthcare AI depends on fostering robust interactions among
patients, citizens, and experts that go beyond individualistic notions of
privacy and ownership and challenge the rigid divide between healthcare
professionals and laypeople.
Medical and social problems of vaccination of the population in communities under martial law
Authors: Verbytska Y.M.
Published: February 2025

Every year, more than 15 million people die from infectious diseases worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, 24.7% of adults’ deaths and 63.0% of children’s deaths are caused by infectious diseases and their consequences. In martial law conditions, vaccination is the main effective method of protection against infectious diseases. It is known that in Ukraine about 60 thousand children over 1 year old remained unvaccinated against diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus for the first time; more than 200 thousand children did not receive revaccination. The revaccination plan, which includes more than 1.5 million adults, has also not been implemented. The study of medical and social aspects of population vaccination was conducted in the territory of the Velikonovosilkivska and Kurakhivska territorial communities of the Donetsk region of Ukraine. The implementation of vaccination volumes by health care institutions of these communities was analyzed. As of the end of 2023, the population coverage of 95.0% required to create collective immunity against pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus was not achieved. 81.7% of children in the Kurakhivska and 87.0% of children in the Velikonovosilkivska community were vaccinated. Revaccination of the adult population of the indicated communities against diphtheria and tetanus in 2023 was 21.5% and 41.2%, respectively. It was found that difficulties with the implementation of preventive vaccinations are associated with the mass evacuation of the child population, the supply and storage of immunobiological drugs. Power outages lead to a violation of the "cold chain" of vaccine storage. In addition, some medical institutions have suspended their work due to damage to premises as a result of hosti­lities. There is a lack of mobile teams and vehicles for their work to vaccinate the population of remote villages.

Keywords: vaccination coverage, "cold chain", prevention.
Comparing Reinjection Strategies in Naturally Fractured Geothermal Reservoirs: A 3D Numerical Modeling Approach
Authors: Aydın Hakkı
Published: February 2025

The strategic placement of reinjection wells within geothermal reservoirs is a pivotal determinant of sustainable and maximized thermal recovery. Minimizing temperature decline and maintaining effective pressure support over extended timescales are crucial objectives. This investigation comprehensively evaluates the implementation of diverse well injection patterns, including infield injection, dipole injection, and peripheral injection well configurations, within a heterogeneous geothermal reservoir characterized by the presence of faults in western Turkiye. The influence of these geological features and their associated properties on both field-scale performance and individual well productivity is rigorously assessed through a three-dimensional numerical reservoir simulation. By optimizing well configurations for various production-injection strategies, this study provides valuable insights into enhancing geothermal reservoir development in western Turkiye, ultimately maximizing thermal recovery for sustainable energy production.