bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pusat Pelayanan Kota di Wilayah Pelayanan B (Pasima) Kota Bogor
Authors: Rian Nugraha Catur , Trilusianthy Hidayat Janthy , Syahbandar M. Yogie
Published: February 2025

ABSTRAK
Perkembangan yang tinggi di wilayah pelayanan B (Pasima) Kota Bogor mengakibatkan kebutuhan masyarakat dalam menjangkau fasilitas pelayanan dengan mudah dan cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi penggunaan lahan dan fungsi bangunan pada tahun 2021, menganalisis penentuan pusat pelayanan, menganalisis persepsi masyarakat terhadap pusat pelayanan, dan menentukan arahan pengembangan pada pusat pelayanan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi analisis spasial berdasarkan data penggunaan lahan berupa jenis bangunan umum yang dilakukan pengolahan dengan metode kernel density dalam aplikasi Arcgis, dan analisis deskriptif untuk tanggapan masyarakat terhadap fasilitas layanan pada pusat pelayanan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah empat pusat pelayanan dan karakteristik penggunaan lahan, tanggapan masyarakat terhadap empat pusat pelayanan, dan arahan dalam pengembangan sub pusat pelayanan dan pusat lingkungan, serta meningkatkan layanan perkotaan dan melakukan penataan dan perbaikan bangunan fasilitas layanan.
 
Kata Kunci: Analisis Spasial, Kernel density, Pusat Pelayanan
 
ABSTRACT
The high development in service area B (Pasima) Bogor City has resulted in the public's need to reach service facilities easily and quickly. This research aims to identify land use and building functions in 2021, analyze the determination of service centers, analyze public perceptions of service centers, and determine development directions for service centers. The research methods used include spatial analysis based on land use data in the form of public building types which are processed using the kernel density method in the Arcgis application, and descriptive analysis for community responses to service facilities at service centers. The results of this research are four service centers and land use characteristics, community responses to the four service centers, and directions in developing sub-service centers and environmental centers, as well as improving urban services and structuring and repairing service facility buildings.
 
Keywords: Spatial Analysis, Kernel density, Service Center.
A importância da Educação Financeira nas Escolas
Authors: Alves de Sá Álvoro , Karwoski Acir Mario
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho surge pela inquietação de perceber a importância da educação financeira para a Cidadania Financeira das pessoas. As crises e a instabilidade política, econômica e financeira do Brasil têm afetado diretamente os cidadãos brasileiros principalmente as pessoas de baixa renda. Algumas medidas são adotadas pelos governantes para conter estes desequilíbrios provocados por estas crises, o que acaba prejudicando ainda mais os setores menos favorecidos da sociedade e o cidadão com pouco conhecimento. Com esta demanda em alta, começou as ações para que as escolas abordassem o tema “Educação Financeira”, com o intuído de melhorar a relação do cidadão com o dinheiro e o consumo. Muitos pesquisadores entendem que há intencionalidades na educação financeira como ela está sendo proposta, pois tenta incutir nos estudantes o consumismo. Nos estudos dos letramentos que busca habilidade para a construção dos significados, tem segmentações que trata os letramentos financeiros sendo habilidades para ler, analisar, gerir, comunicar e discernir sobre escolhas. A educação também recebe críticas por não contextualizar as necessidades da sociedade dentro do ceio escolar deixando déficit na formação do cidadão. Um letramento financeiro critico pode ajudar no desenvolvimento social. É um dever da escola trazer para dentro a realidade social do aluno e trabalhar criticamente. A Educação financeira recebe muitas críticas pelas intencionalidades inclusas dentro das propostas com viés capitalista e neoliberal, portanto é o grande desafio da educação extirpar estas intencionalidades e incutir intencionalidades que desenvolva o cidadão e que este possa contribuir para a sua sociedade de forma justa e consciente.
La formación de valor responsabilidad en la Escuela Pedagógica desde la disciplina Educación Física
Authors: Silva Aíra Adriana , Veitia Arrieta Isabel Julia
Published: February 2025

A formação de valores constitui uma tarefa fundamental da escola cubana, como gestora dos interesses da nação cubana, visando formar a personalidade integral do aluno. O objetivo deste artigo é contribuir para fortalecer o valor responsabilidade dos alunos da Escola Pedagógica[1] Villa Clara a partir da Disciplina de Educação Física para a qual são propostas atividades inovadoras, valiosas e criativas. Levando em conta as necessidades e potencialidades diagnosticadas, exemplificam-se atividades provenientes do jogo para a formação do valor da responsabilidade; são agradáveis, variadas, partem da aula e unem família e comunidade. Para a realização desta pesquisa foram utilizados métodos teóricos: analítico-sintético, indutivo-dedutivo, histórico-lógico e modelagem; empírico: observação e levantamento. Os critérios dos especialistas permitiram verificar a atualidade e relevância das atividades sugeridas, e a sua viabilidade de aplicação na prática.
 
[1]  A Escola Pedagógica é um centro de formação de professores para o ensino médio e para a educação infantil em diferentes especialidades, com uma unidade em cada província do país. Une a teoria e prática com o componente de trabalho, prática sistemática nas instituições educativas do território.
As As influências neoliberais nas políticas públicas nacionais para a educação infantil na década de 1990
Authors: Lima Melo Frans Robert , Molina Adão Aparecido
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho de cunho bibliográfico buscou apresentar reflexões sob as influências neoliberais nas políticas públicas para a educação infantil desenvolvidas na década de 1990 no Brasil.  A promulgação da Carta Magna assegurou no ordenamento juridico o direito à educação, ainda que na prática não atinja de forma equitativa a toda a população brasileira. Com o foco educacional voltado para a alfabetização desenvolvida no ensino fundamental e médio, a educação infantil teve uma atenção secundária por parte do Estado. Conforme foi evidenciado em ampla lituratura sob o tema, na ultima década do século XX, a educação infantil no Brasil foi moldada por políticas neoliberais e influenciada por organismos internacionais, tais como o Banco Mundial e o Fundo Monetário Internacional. Portanto, percebe-se que a educação infantil, e a educação brasileira como um todo, foi influenciada em sua genese para atender às necessidades do capital, adaptando os países em desenvolvimento, em especial o Brasil, às exigências de organismos internacionais que representam os interesses econômicos globais dos países dominantes. Tecemos criticas a um modelo educacional voltado para o capital, pois acreditamos que para uma educação ser verdadeiramente humanizadora, é fundamental que ela promova o desenvolvimento pleno e integral do ser humano, valorizando a criança em todas as suas dimensões e respeitando sua individualidade e potencial único, sem reduzi-la a um mero meio para a obtenção de capital social ou econômico.
A gênese da escola pública e a expansão capitalista
Authors: Anazar Marcolino Edlaine , Neide de Almeida Lança Galvão Favaro Neide
Published: February 2025

Este estudo objetiva analisar as origens históricas e funções da escola pública nos contextos europeu e brasileiro, considerando suas articulações com a expansão do capital. A análise histórica e bibliográfica, de cunho qualitativo, ampara-se no referencial do materialismo histórico. Identifica distintos percursos em variados países, caracterizando as particularidades da constituição da educação pública em meio ao processo de avanço do capitalismo, no decorrer dos séculos XIX e XX. Sua criação acompanha o acirramento das contradições típicas dessa sociabilidade, exercendo a função de auxiliar no controle social, político e ideológico necessário para a reprodução social.
Influencing the critically ill patient? A qualitative study with teams in German intensive care
Authors: Seidlein Anna-Henrikje , Jöbges Susanne
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Nurses and physicians can influence the patient's will in various ways during intensive care treatment, whereby certain strategies fall into the realm of formal and informal coercion. Understanding and addressing these dynamics is crucial for humanized intensive care which promotes patient autonomy, minimizes coercion and fosters positive support strategies. We aimed to investigate which possibilities and forms of (un)intentional influencing and overriding of the patient's will between “formal” (physical restraint, sedation) and “informal” (psychological measures such as deception and threats) coercion are used in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Method

In this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 nurses and physicians working in different German ICUs between September 2022 and February 2023. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique to support the heterogeneity of the sample. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Five different forms of influence aiming at motivation, convincement (argumentative or manipulative), subordination and control were identified, along with different communicative practices (e.g., information, deception, lie, persuasion, threat) and other strategies (e.g., physical restraint) to reach the corresponding goal. The different forms are used simultaneously or alternately, i.e., they cannot be categorized in terms of an escalation hierarchy. The boundaries between support, informal and formal coercion are blurred, sometimes subtly.

Discussion

In the ICU nurses and physicians influence the patient's will using many strategies; some despite moral and legal concerns. Further research is needed to determine the frequency of informal coercion in larger samples and different intercultural contexts.
The role of tenascin-C in tumor microenvironments and its potential as a therapeutic target
Authors: Wang Yaran , Wen Xiaohui , Su Chao , You Yanyi , Jiang Ziqing , Fan Qin , Zhu Daoqi
Published: February 2025

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in cancer development and progression, and comprises various cellular and non-cellular components that interact with tumor cells. Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is widely expressed in the cancer stroma and influences critical processes, such as cell adhesion, migration, and immune modulation. This review examines the multifaceted roles of TNC in different TMEs, including the mechanical, immune, and metabolic microenvironments, as well as the radiation microenvironment (RME). In the context of the mechanical microenvironment, TNC actively participates in extracellular matrix remodeling, thereby facilitating tumor invasion. Notably, TNC exhibits immunosuppressive effects on T cells and promotes the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells within the immune microenvironment. Furthermore, TNC is implicated in the tumor hypoxia response, glucose metabolism reprogramming, and regulation of pH balance, underscoring its role in the metabolic microenvironment. Intriguingly, TNC also influences radiosensitivity within RME. This review also explores the potential of TNC as a biomarker for cancer prognosis and as a target for therapeutic interventions. By integrating recent advances in single-cell sequencing and spatial omics, we propose innovative strategies for leveraging TNC in personalized cancer therapy. Future research directions are discussed, focusing on distinct isoforms of TNC, their interaction networks, and their roles in radiotherapy efficacy. This comprehensive analysis underscores the importance of TNC in understanding tumor dynamics and improving cancer treatment outcomes.
Bridging different ways of knowing in climate change adaptation requires solution-oriented cross-cultural dialogue
Authors: Roos Roxana , van der Sluijs Jeroen
Published: February 2025

The current practices by which knowledge is deployed to inform action on climate change adaptation still privilege a narrow selection of ways of knowing, mainly based on quantification, prediction, certainty and control. We argue that including a wider range of knowledges such as indigenous-, local-, craft-, know-how, tacit-, counter-, gender-dependent-, and experience-based-knowledge, will inform climate solutions better. We explore ways to foster a pluralistic and fair dialogue between diverging ways of knowing in solution-oriented transdisciplinary climate adaptation research. We challenge the assumption that different ways of knowing can and need to be “translated,” “weaved,” “integrated” or “synthesized” to arrive at solutions for climate change adaptation. Such synthesis can often not be done without implying some form of hierarchy between ways of knowing and often reproduces colonial and other power asymmetries while it unduly limits the range of solutions considered. We explore and champion cross-cultural dialogue as an alternative approach to bring incommensurable ways of knowing into dialogical interaction, based on fairness and equality. Instead of aiming at using the end-result of a synthesis across diverging knowledge systems as the primary basis for informing solutions, cross-cultural dialogue starts from the notion that all ways of knowing can be actionable on its own. It seeks to co-create robust solutions that make sense under all relevant ways of knowing considered in a dialogue. We highlight many challenges and pitfalls related to cross-cultural dialogue and stress that participants in transdisciplinary research need to be aware of these.
Two promising approaches in the treatment of myocardial infarction: stem cells and gene therapy
Authors: Gao Shan , Li Dan , Wang Bingkai , Zhang Hao , Chen Lu
Published: February 2025

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), characterized by a high incidence rate and high mortality, have become the leading cause of death globally. CVDs include coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, and peripheral vascular diseases. In China, the death rate of CVDs ranks the first in all major diseases. At present, the main methods to treat ischemic heart disease are drug therapy, intervention and operation. These methods only alleviate symptoms of heart failure and myocardial ischemia and improve patients' quality of life by partially restoring myocardial reperfusion. Due to the extensive irreversible necrosis of myocardial cells caused by ischemia and hypoxia, these methods cannot reverse the damage, resulting in suboptimal long-term outcomes. Although mature cardiomyocytes have been proved not to be terminally differentiated cells, they have very limited ability of regeneration and proliferation, so they can not completely replace the damaged myocardium and restore the contractile function. Although heart transplantation can replace the damaged heart, its clinical application and promotion are limited by the source of donor, expensive cost, immune rejection, and ethical problems. It has become an urgent task for clinical medicine to seek new and better treatment. The main content of this paper is to explore the application of stem cells and gene technology in the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI).
The effect of speaker reliability on word learning in children: a replication study
Authors: Gangopadhyay Ishanti , Peters Lillian
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to replicate a previously conducted in-person speaker reliability experiment using a fully online methodology. Twenty children aged 4 to 6 years participated in a live video call with the experimenter and completed virtual tasks on a web-based platform. The experimental task mirrored that used in the previous reliability study, where children learned novel words from both a reliable and an unreliable speaker, followed by testing children's novel word retention. Consistent with the prior study's findings, children performed above chance in both conditions and retained novel labels taught by both speakers. These preliminary results suggest that speaker reliability is a robust cue, showing consistent effects across different data collection methods. Thus, online data collection shows promise for producing viable results and improving participation by making research more accessible and flexible. Nonetheless, further studies are necessary to explore its strengths and limitations, especially in the context of research involving children.
Research in Great Lakes submerged site archaeology: past, present and future
Authors: Sonnenburg Lisa
Published: February 2025

This paper is a brief overview of almost two decades worth of research by the author in submerged site archaeology in the Great Lakes basin. This short synopsis will discuss four different sites in and around three Great Lakes representing almost 10,000 years of human occupation. Each site will describe the technology used, the approach toward Indigenous engagement and a summary of results. Presented in chronological order, each project demonstrates the continual technological advancements and resulting reduction in costs associated with researching submerged archaeological sites. In conjunction with illustrating rapid technological change, these projects also show how increasing collaboration with Indigenous communities and integration of traditional knowledge, allow for a more robust interpretation of how humans used these now inundated landscapes over time.
Experimental study of geotextiles for karst subgrade collapse under static and dynamic loads
Authors: Wu Di , Yi Yang , Chen Qingshu , Wu Jing , Yang Yanxin , Wu Jianjian , Amin Ruhul
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Karst subgrade collapse has the characteristics of suddenness and concealment, which poses a major challenge to the stability of infrastructure.

Methods

A scale model test was designed to investigate the effects of different reinforcing conditions and different loading modes on the load transfer and distribute of reinforced cushions, with emphasis on monitoring the vertical pressure, internal fill and surface displacements in the subsided area and the stable area during the collapse process.

Results

The results show that during subsidence, vertical stresses decrease in the subsidence area and increase in the stable area. The load affects the soil arch effect, with dynamic loads having a greater impact on soil stability compared to static load and unloaded conditions. Geotextile reinforcement enhances the soil arch and tensile membrane effects, reducing vertical displacement by 5.58%–10.95% under dynamic loads and by 34.76%–66.56% under static load and unloaded.

Discussion

This research provides theoretical and experimental support for geotextile reinforcement design in karst subsidence, helping to prevent karst collapse.
Study on the soil arching effect and evolution mechanism of anti-sliding pile in accumulation layers landslides under reservoir water level fluctuations
Authors: Li Guangbo , Zhou Chunmei , Qin Zihan , Xing Haiguang
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on the Shilongmen landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, investigating the evolution of the soil arching effect and its influencing factors in the context of landslide disaster prevention and control. Through field investigation, theoretical analysis, and FLAC3D numerical simulations, the effects of factors such as reduced soil strength parameters, and soil slip in front of piles on the soil arching effect were systematically analyzed. The numerical simulations specifically examined the stress distribution of the soil arching effect along the depth direction and its stages of evolution during the landslide process. The results indicate that when soil strength parameters are low, stress variations along the soil depth increase. As strength parameters continue to decrease, the load-bearing capacity of the soil arching effect weakens, resulting in increased internal stress within the landslide body. Soil slip in front of the piles significantly reduces the frictional soil arching effect, with stress in the surface soil decreasing by approximately 50%. The study identified three stages of the soil arching effect: initiation, development, and failure. Under the combined influence of multiple factors, the friction soil arch slides along the sides of the anti-slide piles, while the bearing capacity of the soil at the end-bearing soil arch is approximately 1.5 times higher than that of the friction soil arch. Due to deformation incompatibility between anti-slide piles and the surrounding soil, pile-soil separation may occur, suggesting that anti-slide pile designs should incorporate baffle structures to enhance overall stability. These findings provide a novel perspective and approach for optimizing anti-slide pile design and landslide disaster prevention, contributing to improved safety and reliability in landslide mitigation engineering.
Continuing education of academic women in STEM: perspectives on mentoring and professional roles
Authors: García-Silva Erika , Perez-Suarez Sonia , Zavala-Parrales Ana , Meléndez-Anzures Frank E. , Dominguez Angeles
Published: February 2025

Despite ongoing efforts towards gender equity, the gender gap in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) remains significant today. This article explores the motivations and perceptions of women in different professional roles within STEM fields regarding the importance of mentoring in fostering interest and participation in STEM careers, thus contributing to continuing engineering education. Based on qualitative data from 19 semi-structured interviews with women in managerial, research, teaching, and external academic and professional roles, the study delves into their motivations for pursuing STEM careers, their interest in promoting diversity, and the role of mentoring in supporting their professional development. The thematic analysis results are grouped into a hierarchical structure comprising one meta-theme, four primary, and six subthemes. The participants emphasized that their primary motivation for STEM involvement was contributing to society and promoting economic growth. Additionally, they advocated for greater diversity and challenged traditional gender roles in these areas. The participants highlighted the importance of closing the gender gap and recognizing the capabilities and new perspectives that women brought. Although these women faced obstacles such as glass ceilings, having a mentorship opportunity was identified as a critical tool for women’s empowerment and training. The insights contribute to advancing strategies for promoting gender equity and diversity in STEM fields, with implications for researchers, universities, and organizations seeking to support women’s participation and advancement in STEM careers. Further research is recommended to explore the perspectives of women in other roles and the effectiveness of mentoring programs in fostering gender diversity in STEM.
Breaking the silence: Norwegian teachers’ perspectives on adapting language environments for AAC users
Authors: Egeland-Eriksen Siv , Bjørkøy Ingrid , Pettersen Marit , Chahboun Sobh
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Many children experience challenges and limitations in spoken language, necessitating the use of alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) to communicate effectively. Learning to communicate with AAC involves a systematic training process, and it is essential to adapt the language environment to meet the specific needs of AAC users. The study aims to enhance knowledge on establishing a positive language environment for children using AAC.

Methods

A qualitative approach was employed, involving three semi-structured interviews with teachers from three distinct units within the same county in Norway. The interviews focused on elements such as teachers’ knowledge and skills in AAC, communication partner and language model, use of communication materials and aids, and attitudes toward AAC.

Results

Key findings highlight that teachers’ knowledge and skills in AAC, the role of communication partners and language models, the availability and use of communication materials and aids, and positive attitudes significantly contribute to creating a positive language environment for children using AAC. These elements enable effective communication and support language development.

Discussion

A combination of knowledge and effective organization is essential for prioritizing the creation of a positive language environment. This, in turn, enables children who use AAC to develop and acquire practical language skills that they can use throughout their lives. The study underscores the importance of systematic training, supportive attitudes, and tailored communication resources in enhancing the language environment for AAC users.
A multicenter, real-world cohort study: effectiveness and safety of Azvudine in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pre-existing diabetes
Authors: Zhou Yongjian , Yang Zecheng , Zhang Shixi , Zhang Donghua , Luo Hong , Zhu Di , Li Guangming , Yang Mengzhao , Hu Xiaobo , Qian Guowu , Li Guotao , Wang Ling , Li Silin , Yu Zujiang , Ren Zhigang
Published: February 2025

Introduction

During the Omicron infection wave, diabetic patients are susceptible to COVID-19, which is linked to a poor prognosis. However, research on the real-world effectiveness and safety of Azvudine, a common medication for COVID-19, is insufficient in those with pre-existing diabetes.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we included 32,864 hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 9 hospitals in Henan Province. Diabetic patients were screened and divided into the Azvudine group and the control group, via 1:1 propensity score matching. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome was composite disease progression. Laboratory abnormal results were used for safety evaluation.

Results

A total of 1,417 patients receiving Azvudine and 1,417 patients receiving standard treatment were ultimately included. Kaplan−Meier curves suggested that all-cause mortality (P = 0.0026) was significantly lower in the Azvudine group than in the control group, but composite disease progression did not significantly differ (P = 0.1). Cox regression models revealed Azvudine treatment could reduce 26% risk of all-cause mortality (95% CI: 0.583-0.942, P = 0.015) versus controls, and not reduce the risk of composite disease progression (HR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.750-1.109, P = 0.355). The results of subgroup analysis and three sensitivity analyses were consistent with the previous findings. Safety analysis revealed that the incidence rates of most adverse events were similar between the two groups.

Conclusion

In this study, Azvudine demonstrated good efficacy in COVID-19 patients with diabetes, with a lower all-cause mortality rate. Additionally, the safety was favorable. This study may provide a new strategy for the antiviral management of COVID-19 patients with diabetes.
The role of renewable energy and storage technologies in sustainable development: simulation in the construction industry
Authors: Horzela-Miś Anna , Semrau Jakub
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions has become crucial in addressing global environmental challenges such as climate change and resource depletion. As a significant energy consumer, the construction industry must explore renewable energy integration to enhance sustainability. This study investigates the role of photovoltaic (PV) systems and energy storage technologies in promoting sustainable energy use within a Polish construction manufacturing company.

Methods

A 26-year simulation was conducted to analyze the implementation of a PV system in an industrial setting. The study assessed energy savings, cost efficiency, and environmental benefits by modeling energy consumption, production, and storage dynamics. The financial feasibility of the investment was evaluated using key performance indicators such as return on investment, payback period, and levelized cost of electricity.

Results

The findings demonstrate that PV systems significantly reduce electricity expenses and reliance on grid power, achieving a payback period of approximately 9.4 years. The company has the potential to significantly reduce CO2 emissions, contributing to environmental sustainability. The simulation further revealed that PV adoption enhanced energy independence, covering 53.3% of the company’s energy needs while minimizing operational costs.

Discussion

The study highlights PV technology’s economic and environmental benefits in industrial applications. Energy storage integration optimizes energy utilization, increasing efficiency and financial viability. These findings provide valuable insights for construction companies considering renewable energy investments. The broader societal advantages, including CO2 reduction, improved public health, and regulatory compliance, underscore the importance of transitioning toward sustainable energy solutions.
Variations of collembolan communities in drained and diked salt marsh and adjacent farmland in coastal southeastern China
Authors: Gao Meixiang , Liu Yifei , Xiong Lihu , Qi Mengmeng , Li Xin , Zheng Ye , Liu Jinwen , Xie Zhijing , Yan Xiujuan
Published: February 2025

Drained and diked salt marshes (DDSM) habitats, a typical form of coastal wetland, are undergoing ecological recovery, offering valuable insights into strategies for restoring and protecting biodiversity in reclaimed coastal wetlands. Richness, abundance, and composition of the collembolan community is expected to vary in response to changes in plant and soil in DDSM habitats and agricultural farmlands. However, knowledge on these variations remains limited. Therefore, we aimed to reveal the species richness, abundance, and composition of the collembolan community and the effect exerted by plant and soil variables in DDSM and agricultural farmlands. Soil samples were collected in coastal DDSM (northern enclosure and southern enclosure) and wheat farmland areas in Ningbo City, southeastern China, in April 2023. Species richness, rather than abundance, of the collembolan community, was significantly lower in DDSM habitats than in wheat farmlands. The collembolan community composition differed significantly between these two habitats. Ceratophysella skarzynskii Weiner (1996), Desoria sp12, Isotoma pinnata Fabricius (1781), and Sinella sp. were exclusively in DDSM habitats. Instead, the genera Arrhopalites, Heteraphorura, and Parisotoma preferred wheat farmlands. Plant coverage and height were important variables affecting collembolan community composition in DDSM habitats. DDSM habitats can sustain specific collembolan species, and their soil biodiversity warrants attention, particularly following rigorous reclamation measures. This study provides important information for restoring and protecting biodiversity in reclaimed coastal wetlands.
The protective role of vitamin D in BNT162b2 vaccine-related acute myocarditis
Authors: Tsang Hing Wai , Chua Gilbert T. , Tung Keith Tsz Suen , Wong Rosa Sze Man , Tsao Sabrina Siu Ling , Wong Joshua Sung Chih , Tung Joanna Yuet Ling , Kwok Janette Siu Yin , Yam Jason Cheuk Sing , Chan Godfrey Chi Fung , To Kelvin Kai Wang , Wong Ian Chi Kei , Leung Wing Hang , Kwan Mike Yat Wah , Ip Patrick
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Vaccine-related myocarditis is recognized as a rare but important complication, especially after mass-scale mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Knowledge regarding how to minimize the risk is limited. As NK cells can mediate acute myocarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and vitamin D may inhibit NK cells via cytokine modulation, we hypothesize that the myocarditis side effect is related to a hypovitaminosis D – mRNA vaccine – hypercytokinemia – NK cell axis, which is amendable to clinical intervention.

Methods

Biochemical, immunophenotypic and genotyping assays were performed to examine vitamin D status and immune profiles in 60 patients who had BNT162b2 vaccine-related acute myocarditis.

Results

A high incidence of hypovitaminosis D (73.3%) was observed in these individuals with vaccine-related myocarditis, particularly in those presented with chest pain or intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Moreover, vitamin D level was negatively associated with peak serum cardiac troponin T level during vaccine-related myocarditis. Genotypically, the GC (vitamin D binding protein) rs4588T allele which encoded the GC2 isoform of vitamin D binding protein was a risk allele, whereas the GC1S isoform was protective. Mechanistically, hypovitaminosis D was associated with higher levels of cytokines pivotal for natural killer (NK) cells (particularly interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-12, Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and IL-8) and higher percentage of CD69+ NK cells in blood, which in turn correlated with chest pain presentation.

Conclusion

These data support the hypothesis that vitamin D plays a crucial role in mitigating mRNA vaccine-related myocarditis by modulating proinflammatory cytokine milieu and subsequent unfavorable NK cell activation, laying a groundwork for preventive and treatment strategies.
Unveiling macrophage dynamics and efferocytosis-related targets in diabetic kidney disease: insights from single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing
Authors: Zhang Binshan , Wu Yunqi , Wang Zhongli , Gao Suhua , Liu Hongyan , Lin Yao , Yu Pei
Published: February 2025

Background

Chronic inflammation and immune imbalance mediated by macrophages are considered pivotal in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The study aims to clarify the macrophage heterogeneity and phenotype dynamics, and pinpoint critical targets within efferocytosis in DKD.

Methods

Utilizing early human DKD sequencing data, we computed the potential communication between leukocytes and renal intrinsic cells. Subsequently, we scrutinized the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from CD45-enriched immune cells, concentrating on the macrophage subsets in DKD. Pseudotime trajectory analysis was conducted to explore cell development. Differential expression genes (DEGs) from macrophage subgroups and bulk RNA-sequencing were used to identify shared hub genes. The NephroseqV5 platform was employed to evaluate the clinical significance, and the expression of key molecules was validated in DKD tissues.

Results

Macrophage infiltration rose in DKD, causing inflammation through the release of chemokines. As time progressed, the number of resident macrophages substantially dropped, with diminishing M1-like and increasing M2-like phenotypes relative to early stages. Further analysis pointed to the most enrichment of macrophage function is the phagosome. We overlapped the DEGs with efferocytosis-related genes and identified key genes, including CD36, ITGAM, and CX3CR1, which exhibited significant correlations with macrophages and T cells. The Nephroseq database revealed that they are associated with proteinuria and renal function. Consistent with the validation set, in vivo experiments verified elevated expression levels of key molecules.

Conclusions

In essence, our research elucidated the dynamics in macrophage subtype transitions. It emphasized three pivotal genes as critical modulators of macrophage efferocytosis in DKD, indicating their potential as innovative biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Neural regulation of the thymus: past, current, and future perspectives
Authors: Carpenter Randall S. , Lagou Maria K. , Karagiannis George S. , Maryanovich Maria
Published: February 2025

The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ critical for the development of mature T cells from hematopoietic progenitors. A highly structured organ, the thymus contains distinct regions, precise cytoarchitecture, and molecular signals tightly regulating thymopoiesis. Although the above are well-understood, the structural and functional implications of thymic innervation are largely neglected. In general, neural regulation has become increasingly identified as a critical component of immune cell development and function. The central nervous system (CNS) in the brain coordinates these immunological responses both by direct innervation through peripheral nerves and by neuroendocrine signaling. Yet how these signals, particularly direct neural innervation, may regulate the thymus biology is unclear and understudied. In this review, we highlight historical and current data demonstrating direct neural input to the thymus and assess current evidence of the neural regulation of thymopoiesis. We further discuss the current knowledge gaps and summarize recent advances in techniques that could be used to study how nerves regulate the thymic microenvironment.
Sustainable control of the bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) in northwestern Ontario using Beauveria bassiana delivered by bumblebees
Authors: Kapongo Jean Pierre , Kotomale Morel Libere Comlan , Lubusu Alphonsine Muzinga Bin , Simo Nana Romuald , Fopie Tokam Donald Rostand , Mboussou Grace Suzert Nottin
Published: February 2025

Rhopalosiphum padi is one of the main vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), which affects the grain yield of oats. Several biological control strategies have been studied to control this pest, one of which is Bee Vectoring Technology (BVT) using bumblebees. We tested the efficacy of Beauveria bassiana, as vectored by bumblebees, and a direct spray application of neem (a natural bio-insecticide derived from the Azadirachta indica tree) on aphids. An assessment of the pest’s impact on the plots surveyed in northwestern Ontario revealed incidence rates of 80%. The use of bumblebees as a dispersal agent of B. bassiana significantly reduced the aphid population (0.542 ± 0.147b) compared to the untreated control (0.125 ± 0.069a). The application of diluted neem also showed a reduction in the aphid population (0.708 ± 0.221a). Although the products used controlled the pests, they had no effect on the aphid’s natural enemy, the ladybug. Therefore, the dissemination of B. bassiana by the bumblebee Bombus impatiens leads to a decrease in the vector Rhopalosiphum padi population and consequently reduces the severity of barley yellow dwarf disease in oat fields.
Spatiotemporal distribution of ichthyoplankton and their relationship with environmental factors in the waters around the Yellow River estuary, China
Authors: Niu Mingxiang , Lu Feng , Zuo Tao , Wang Jun , Li Yongtao , Cheng Zhaolong , Sun Jianqiang
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The Yellow River estuary serves as a crucial convergence point between the Yellow River and the Bohai Sea and is a vital spawning, nursery, and feeding ground for a variety of fish species. Ichthyoplankton are essential for the replenishment and sustainable use of fishery resources. To gain insights into the distribution of fish in these early life stages and examine in depth the impacts of environmental factors on their presence and abundance in the waters around the Yellow River estuary, in this study, we analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution of ichthyoplankton and their correlation with environmental variables.

Methods

Data were gathered from horizontal-trawl surveys conducted between April and July of 2020, 2021, and 2023. In instances where no eggs or larvae were caught, a two-stage Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was employed to evaluate the influence of environmental factors on the presence/absence (P/A model) and abundance, given presence (Density model).

Results

The results revealed that there were significant fluctuations in species richness both monthly and annually. Moreover, notable spatial disparities were identified in the distribution of abundance encompassing estuarine, settled, and migratory fish populations. The final model accounted for 38.69% and 39.80% of the deviance in the presence and abundance of ichthyoplankton, respectively. The two-stage GAM results highlighted that sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll a concentration, sea bottom salinity, and water depth were the dominant factors influencing the presence of ichthyoplankton. Moreover, a model incorporating SST, sea surface salinity, and distance to shore best described the abundance of ichthyoplankton when present.

Discussion

Our findings contribute to understand the spatiotemporal dynamics of ichthyoplankton and their influencing factors in the waters around the Yellow River estuary, which have important implications for fisheries management.
Preliminary study on the participation of TLR9 on erythrocyte surface combined with mtDNA in the monitoring of infectious diseases
Authors: Xiao Ling , Xu Haixia , Liu Siwei , Cheng Zhanrui , Kong Yujie , Tian Li
Published: February 2025

Background

TLR9 is typically found within cells and plays a crucial role in identifying pathogenic and self-DNA in chronic inflammation and immune complexes. Recent discoveries indicate its presence on the surface of human red blood cells, where it engages in immune regulation by binding to free mtDNA. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of TLR9 as a pattern recognition receptor combined with mtDNA in the monitoring of infectious diseases.

Methods

TLR9 presence on the surface of red blood cells was assessed using flow cytometry in both healthy individuals and patients with bacterial infections. Subsequently, DNA bound to the red blood cell surface was extracted separately from both groups. The absolute quantification of mtDNA copy numbers within the extracted DNA was conducted using qPCR technology, followed by statistical analysis. Additionally, the correlation between mtDNA copy numbers bound to red blood cell surfaces in bacterial infection patients with varying CRP concentrations was examined using univariate linear regression.

Result

In healthy individuals, TLR9 expression on red blood cell surfaces averaged 8.81%. However, the average expression of TLR9 on red blood cell surfaces in patients with bacterial infection was 5.45%, which was lower than that in healthy people (p < 0.001). Notably, both healthy individuals and infected patients exhibited mtDNA binding to red blood cell surfaces, with patients demonstrating a higher mtDNA copy number compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001). Moreover, within the infected group, the copy numbers of mtDNA bound by red blood cells positively correlated with patient CRP concentrations (R2 = 0.715, p < 0.001), indicative of an association between mtDNA copy numbers bound to red blood cell surfaces and infection severity.

Conclusion

The elevation of erythrocyte-bound mtDNA during infection, coupled with its correlation with infection severity, suggests that monitoring the copy numbers of mtDNA bound to red blood cells via TLR9 could serve as a novel indicator for infection surveillance.
Isolated from Populus euphratica rhizosphere soil, and mining their metabolites
Authors: Zhang Jia-xin , Chen Yi-huang , Luo Xinrong , Zhang Li-li , Luo Xiao-xia
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The microbial community in desert ecosystems is a vital and highly active component. Streptomyces, one of the dominant genera within this community, exhibits significant capabilities in metabolic degradation and the synthesis of secondary metabolites.

Methods

To investigate the metabolic potential of Streptomyces desertis, two strains of Streptomyces were isolated from rhizosphere soil samples of Populus euphratica in the Taklimakan Desert during the initial phase of this study, TRM 70351T and TRM 70361T.

Results

The identification of these strains as belonging to the genus Streptomyces was confirmed through 16S rRNA sequencing. All calculated Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) values were below the 95% cut-off recommended for distinguishing distinct species, and the estimated digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values were all below the suggested threshold of 70% for species delineation. Results from phylogenetic, genomic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic analyses confirmed that TRM 70351T and TRM 70361T represent two new species within the genus Streptomyces, designated as Streptomyces solitudinis sp. nov. and Streptomyces rubellus sp. nov. The type strain for Streptomyces solitudinis sp. nov. is TRM 70351T ( = CCTCC AA 2020049T = LMG 32404T), while the type strain for Streptomyces rubellus sp. nov. is TRM 70361T ( = CCTCC AA 2020043T = JCM 35793T). Notably, Among the identified gene clusters of TRM 70351T, cluster 12.1 was predicted to be the biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for producing the aminoglycoside compound streptomycin, exhibiting a similarity of 55%. In this study, HSQC-TOCSY was employed to detect the presence of aminoglycosides in fermentation medium No. 1, while LC-MS/MS was utilized to analyze the molecular fragments of neomycin and streptomycin in the alkaline aqueous phase sample of the fermentation product. The mixture was eluted using methanol and ammonia water in a 3:1 ratio, leading to the further separation of the compounds daidzein and Tridec-1-ene.

Discussion

This study has enhanced the species resources of Streptomyces deserticum and the diversity of aminoglycoside compound-producing bacteria. TRM 70351T exhibited unique metabolic potential, indicating that further studies could be conducted in the future.
Bibliometric analysis of global research on the clinical applications of aminoglycoside antibiotics: improving efficacy and decreasing risk
Authors: Zhao Tengxiang , Chen Nan , Zhang Mingyue , Lin Likai , Lin Bin , Fang Yuan , Hua Zhihui , Liang Chenyu
Published: February 2025

Background

Infections by drug-resistant bacteria are a significant threat to human health worldwide although many drug-resistant bacteria are sensitive to aminoglycosides (AGs), an older class of antibiotics. AGs have played a significant role in clinical practice in recent years.

Methods

Publications from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2023 that described clinical research of AGs were identified by searching the Web of Science Core Collection Database. Visual presentations of different bibliometric networks were prepared using VOSviewer and CiteSpace.

Results

There were 915 eligible publications and the annual number of publications increased over time. The United States had the most publications and was at the core of the cooperative network. Italy and Belgium had the highest quality publications, and many of the institutions with high yield and high research quality were in Australia. JA Roberts (University of Queensland, Australia) was the most productive author and was the author of many high-quality studies in cooperation with various other researchers. The majority of publications were in journals that focused on antibacterials, chemotherapy, and pharmacokinetics. Analysis of the most highly cited publications, references, and keywords, indicated that this research mainly focused on infections by drug-resistant bacteria, drug administration in vulnerable populations, safety, pharmacokinetics, combination therapy, and new methods of administration.

Conclusion

AGs have an increasingly important role in the treatment of infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Therapeutic drug monitoring should be performed in vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, children, and infants, to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity. Avoiding prolonged dosing cycles and refraining from using AGs in patients with the m.1555 A > G gene variant can significantly mitigate the risk of ototoxicity. Future studies should examine the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic targets of AGs and assess the efficacy and safety of administration by inhalation to improve efficacy and decrease risk.