bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barriers to Adequate Pain Control and Opioid Use Among Cancer Survivors: Implications for Nursing Practice
Authors: Marshall Victoria Kate , Chavez Melody , Efre Andrea , Lake Paige W. , Rigg Khary K. , Lubrano Barbara , Pabbathi Smitha , Rajasekhara Sahana , Tyson Dina Martinez
Published: May 2022

Background

Cancer survivors can experience long-term negative effects from cancer and its treatment. Pain is one of the most common and distressing symptoms that cancer survivors experience. Opioids are often prescribed for pain; however, cancer survivors who have completed active treatment may have unique challenges with regard to pain management.

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore barriers to pain management and perceptions of opioid use among cancer survivors.

Methods

This research was an exploratory pilot study using in-depth qualitative interviews with adult cancer survivors who were recruited from community-based survivorship organizations. Data were analyzed using applied thematic analysis techniques.

Results

Participants (n = 25) were mostly women (96%), diagnosed with breast cancer (88%) and stages I to III disease (84%), with a mean age of 56.2 years. Three themes on barriers to adequate pain control emerged: (1) taking just enough to take the edge off: self-medicating behaviors and nonadherence to prescribed regimen; (2) lack of insurance coverage and costly alternative pain treatment options; and (3) chronicity of cancer-related pain not adequately addressed and often mismanaged.

Conclusions

Discussions with cancer survivors unveiled personal accounts of unmanaged pain resulting from limited pain management/opioid education, fear of opioid addiction, negative perceptions/experiences with opioids, lack of insurance coverage for alternative pain therapies, and regulatory policies limiting access to opioids.

Implications for Practice

There is a clear need for improved access to multimodal pain management options and nonopioid alternatives for cancer survivors. Oncology nurses should endeavor to support policies and procedures aimed at opioid education, training, and legislation.
Increasing Racial and Ethnic Diversity in the Nursing Workforce
Authors: Hinson Tyonne D. , Brostoff Marcie , Grossman Amanda Beit , Ward Valerie L. , Lind Kathleen , Wood Laura J.
Published: May 2022

Background:

The 2021 Future of Nursing Report 2020-2030: Charting a Path to Achieve Health Equity recognizes increasing racial and ethnic diversity in nursing as an imperative to achieving health equity.

Practice Initiatives:

Over a 3-year period, nursing and human resource leaders at Boston Children's Hospital, a tertiary care, 454-bed pediatric academic medical center in Massachusetts, developed, implemented, and evaluated specific strategies to increase racial and ethnic diversity in recruitment and hiring of the nursing workforce. These specific strategies focused on cultivating partnerships, building relationships with candidates, and supporting transition into practice.

Results:

Significant increases in racial and ethnic diversity recruitment and hiring were achieved over the 3-year period. In 2019, strategies yielded a 6% overall increase in total registered nurse diversity hiring with an 18% increase in new graduate diversity hires over 2018. In total, 16.2% of registered nurse hires for 2019 were racially and ethnically diverse. Subsequent years yielded similar success in the recruitment of diverse registered nurses.

Clinical Implications:

With the projected growth of racial and ethnic minority populations, nursing and health care leaders must prioritize intentional strategic diversity recruitment and retention actions to address this imperative to advance health equity through the creation of a racially and ethnically diverse nursing workforce.
The Initial Approach to the Multisystem Pediatric Trauma Patient
Authors: Hannon Megan M. , Middelberg Leah K. , Lee Lois K.
Published: May 2022

Trauma remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children and youth 1 to 19 years old in the United States. Providing timely care with a systematic approach is essential for emergently addressing life-threatening injuries and ongoing assessment. The primary survey is focused on identifying and managing life-threatening injuries. The secondary survey is focused on identifying and managing other important injuries. Over the past decade, there have been important advances in the evidence supporting the management of multisystem trauma in the pediatric patient by the emergency medicine clinician. In addition, the emergence of diagnostics, such as point-of-care ultrasound, aids decision making in the evaluation and management of the pediatric trauma patient. The purpose of this article is to review the initial systematic diagnostic approach and the emergent management of multisystem injuries from blunt force trauma in children in the emergency department and provide insight into the aspects of care that are still evolving.
Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Sarcomatoid Features are HPV-independent Lesions: A Subset are Also Associated With TP53-independent Lesions and Radiation Therapy
Authors: Wong Jahg , Roy Simon F. , Provencher Diane , Rahimi Kurosh
Published: May 2022

Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva (VSCC) with sarcomatoid features is a rare variant characterized by spindle-cell morphology and occasional heterologous elements. They are difficult to evaluate due to rarity and lack unified nomenclature and histopathologic criteria. Eight cases of sarcomatoid VSCC were retrieved from archival electronic medical records from 2013 to 2021. Patients often presented at a mean age of 78-yr-old at stage FIGO (2018) III or above. The mean greatest diameter was 4.5 cm and mean depth of invasion was 11.5 mm. Spindle cells exhibited fascicular, nested, and cord-like growth patterns, though a haphazard arrangement or a mix of patterns was frequently observed. The sarcomatoid component frequently arose in the context of prior conventional VSCC treated with radiation therapy (n=6, 75% and chemotherapy (n=5, 63%) with latency periods of 5.2 and 5.4 yr, respectively. Associated lesions included differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (n=4, 50%), lichen sclerosus (n=5, 63%), and vulvar acanthosis with altered differentiation (n=1, 13%). Immunohistochemistry showed that VSCC with sarcomatoid features aberrantly expressed p53 (n=4, 60%) through diffuse overexpression or null-type patterns. P16 was invariably negative in all cases. These findings suggest that VSCC with sarcomatoid features does not arise from the HPV-related carcinogenic pathway, and that a subset may also arise from the TP53-independent pathway. Recognizing sarcomatoid morphology in VSCC is important since it may confer an elevated risk of nodal metastasis and poorer survival. Larger studies are required to assess the etiology and prognostic implications of VSCC with sarcomatoid features.
Endometrial, Ovarian, and Peritoneal Involvement by Endometrioid Carcinoma, Yolk Sac Tumor, and Endometriosis: Molecular Evidence for a Shared Precursor
Authors: Halling Geoffrey C. , Udager Aaron M. , Skala Stephanie L.
Published: May 2022

Recent studies have provided molecular confirmation that a subset of yolk sac tumors is somatically derived. Somatically derived yolk sac tumors are typically diagnosed in older women and are often seen adjacent to epithelial proliferations (such as endometriosis or endometrioid carcinoma) with which they share mutations. Here, we present a case of a postmenopausal woman with a yolk sac tumor and endometriosis in the right ovary, endometriosis with glandular crowding and reactive changes in the left ovary, endometrial endometrioid carcinoma, and yolk sac tumor involving the serosa of the colon. Targeted next-generation sequencing of these five tumor components demonstrated identical mutations in PTEN (p.R130G), PIK3CA (p.G1049S), FGFR2 (p.S252W), and FBXW7 (p.R689Q), suggesting that all components arose from a common precursor. The endometrial endometrioid carcinoma harbored additional exclusive mutations involving PIK3CA (p.H1048R) and CTNNB1 (p.S37F).
Thalassolituus alkanivorans sp. nov., a hydrocarbon-utilizing bacterium isolated from the Mariana Trench
Authors: Wei Ting-Ting , He Shan , Quan Zhe-Xue
Published: May 2022

Two strains, TMPB967T and TTPB476, were isolated from two different locations in the Mariana Trench. Cells of strains TMPB967T and TTPB476 were Gram-negative, curved rod-shaped (0.35–0.6 µm×2–4 µm) with flagella. Both strains were catalase- and oxidase-positive. Strains TMPB967T and TTPB476 could grow at 4–37 °C (optimum, 37 °C), at pH 6–9 (optimum, pH 6–7) and in the presence of 0–8 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 5 %). Both strains could grow with tetradecane or hexadecane as the sole carbon source. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone 9. The major cellular fatty acids of strains TMPB967T and TTPB476 were C18 : 1
 ω9c, C16 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
 ω7c or ω6c). The polar lipid profile included phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unknown aminolipid. The DNA G+C contents of strains TMPB967T and TTPB476 were 53.1 and 53.0 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the most closely related validly published species were

Thalassolituus marinus

IMCC1826T (97.1 % similarity) and

Thalassolituus oleivorans

MIL-1T (95.9 % similarity). Digital DNA–DNA hybridization results of strain TMPB967T with TTPB476,

T. marinus

IMCC1826T and

T. oleivorans

MIL-1T were 99.9, 20.9 and 20.2 %, respectively. Average nucleotide identity results of strain TMPB967T with TTPB476,

T. marinus

IMCC1826T and

T. oleivorans

MIL-1T were 100, 75.8 and 72.0 %, respectively. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular features, strains TMPB967T and TTPB476 belong to a novel species within the genus

Thalassolituus

, for which the name Thalassolituus alkanivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TMPB967T (=KCTC 82621T=MCCC 1K05476T).
Chryseobacterium faecale sp. nov., isolated from camel feces
Authors: Son Yongjun , Min Jihyeon , Park Woojun
Published: May 2022

Strain F4T (=KACC 22401T=JCM 34836T), a novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium, was isolated from camel (Camelus bactrianus) faeces. The newly identified bacterial strain F4T was grown in Reasoner's 2A medium [0–2 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %), pH 7.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0), and 18–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C)]. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed that strain F4T belonged to the genus

Chryseobacterium

, with its closest neighbours being

Chryseobacterium haifense

DSM 19056T (98.0 %),

Chryseobacterium anthropi

CCUG 52764T (97.3 %), Chryseobacterium montana WG4T (95.7 %) and Chryseobacterium koreensis Chj70T (94.7 %). Complete genome sequence of strain F4T was obtained using a hybrid assembly pipeline integrating sequences obtained using both the Oxford Nanopore and Illumina platforms. Genomic comparisons of strain F4T with type species in the genus

Chryseobacterium

were conducted using digital DNA–DNA hybridization, average nucleotide identity and average amino acid identity, resulting in values of ≤20.5, ≤77.9 and ≤80.8 %, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content of type strain F4T was 39.7 mol%. The major fatty acids of the strain F4T were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C18 : 3, and MK-6 was its major respiratory quinone. Moreover, the major polar lipid of strain F4T was phosphatidylethanolamine. The genome of strain F4T harbours only one antibiotic resistance gene (blaCME-1) encoding a β-lactamase, which attributes β-lactam antibiotic resistance. Based on the results of our chemotaxonomic, genotypic and phenotype analyses, strain F4T is identified as a novel species of the genus

Chryseobacterium

, for which the name Chryseobacterium faecale sp. nov. is proposed.
Network-wide analysis of the Serosep EntericBio Gastro Panel 2 for the detection of enteric pathogens in Public Health Wales microbiology laboratories
Authors: Holliday Lucy R. , Perry Michael D.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. A retrospective data analysis of 34 months (spanning 2016–2020) of 961573 diagnostic results obtained before and after nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) implementation, across the Public Health Wales microbiology network.

Hypothesis / Gap Statement. This is the first network-wide analysis of the implementation of enteric NAAT in diagnostic microbiology.

Aim. To assess the outcome of replacing microscopy and bacterial culture with NAAT as the primary test in the diagnosis of:

Campylobacter

spp., Salmonella sp.,

Shigella

spp., Shiga toxin-producing

Escherichia coli

(STEC), Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis infections.

Methodology. Following NAAT introduction, bacterial culture was performed as a secondary test, to provide further information from NAAT positive samples for epidemiological purposes. Primary detection rates and overall bacterial culture rates were calculated for each target pathogen using both testing regimes (Stage I) including a comparison of in-patient and out-patient diagnoses (Stage II).

Results. Stage I analysis showed that the primary detection rate significantly increased for

Campylobacter

spp. (P<0.0001),

Salmonella

sp. (P=0.0151),

Shigella

spp. (P<0.0001), STEC (P<0.0001), Cryptosporidium spp. (P<0.0001) and Giardia duodenalis (P<0.0001) when using NAAT compared to microscopy or bacterial culture. A significant decrease was seen in the overall rate of

Campylobacter

spp. isolation by bacterial culture (P<0.0001), whilst other targets remained unaffected. Stage II analysis showed that NAAT positive out-patient samples were more likely to be supplemented by a positive bacterial culture than NAAT positive in-patient samples for

Campylobacter

spp. (P<0.0001), Salmonella sp. (P=0.0004) and STEC (P=0.0039). However,

Shigella

spp. was more frequently isolated from NAAT positive in-patient samples (P=0.0005). A notable increase was seen for G. duodenalis detection from in-patient samples (P=0.0002). Reference laboratory data showed the NAAT assay can detect at least 53 serotypes of STEC but may not be able to detect some of the rarer species of Cryptosporidium seen in human infections.

Conclusion. The implementation of NAAT has significantly increased the primary detection rate of all target enteric pathogens in Wales and information gleaned previously from direct culture is largely unaffected.
The Legionella pneumophila Dot/Icm type IV secretion system and its effectors
Authors: Lockwood Daniel C. , Amin Himani , Costa Tiago R. D. , Schroeder Gunnar N.
Published: May 2022

To prevail in the interaction with eukaryotic hosts, many bacterial pathogens use protein secretion systems to release virulence factors at the host–pathogen interface and/or deliver them directly into host cells. An outstanding example of the complexity and sophistication of secretion systems and the diversity of their protein substrates, effectors, is the Defective in organelle trafficking/Intracellular multiplication (Dot/Icm) Type IVB secretion system (T4BSS) of

Legionella pneumophila

and related species.

Legionella

species are facultative intracellular pathogens of environmental protozoa and opportunistic human respiratory pathogens. The Dot/Icm T4BSS translocates an exceptionally large number of effectors, more than 300 per

L. pneumophila

strain, and is essential for evasion of phagolysosomal degradation and exploitation of protozoa and human macrophages as replicative niches. Recent technological advancements in the imaging of large protein complexes have provided new insight into the architecture of the T4BSS and allowed us to propose models for the transport mechanism. At the same time, significant progress has been made in assigning functions to about a third of

L. pneumophila

effectors, discovering unprecedented new enzymatic activities and concepts of host subversion. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the workings of the Dot/Icm T4BSS machinery and provide an overview of the activities and functions of the to-date characterized effectors in the interaction of

L. pneumophila

with host cells.
Induction, decay, and determinants of functional antibodies following vaccination with the RTS,S malaria vaccine in young children
Authors: Feng Gaoqian , Kurtovic Liriye , Agius Paul A. , Aitken Elizabeth , Sacarlal Jahit , Wines Bruce , Hogarth P. Mark , Rogerson Stephen , Fowkes Freya J. I. , Dobaño Carlota , Beeson James G.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

RTS,S is the first malaria vaccine recommended for implementation among young children at risk. However, vaccine efficacy is modest and short-lived. Antibodies play the major role in vaccine-induced immunity, but knowledge on the induction, decay, and determinants of antibody function is limited, especially among children. Antibodies that promote opsonic phagocytosis and other cellular functions appear to be important contributors to RTS,S immunity.

METHODS

We studied a phase IIb trial of RTS,S/AS02 conducted young children in malaria endemic regions of Mozambique. We evaluated the induction of antibodies targeting the circumsporozoite protein (CSP, vaccine antigen) that interact with Fcγ-receptors (FcRγs) and promote phagocytosis (neutrophils, monocytes, THP-1 cells), antibody-dependent respiratory burst (ADRB) by neutrophils, and natural killer (NK) cell activity, as well as the temporal kinetics of responses over 5 years of follow-up (ClinicalTrials.gov registry number NCT00197041).

RESULTS

RTS,S vaccination induced CSP-specific IgG with FcγRIIa and FcγRIII binding activity and promoted phagocytosis by neutrophils, THP-1 monocytes, and primary human monocytes, neutrophil ADRB activity, and NK cell activation. Responses were highly heterogenous among children, and the magnitude of neutrophil phagocytosis by antibodies was relatively modest, which may reflect modest vaccine efficacy. Induction of functional antibodies was lower among children with higher malaria exposure. Functional antibodies largely declined within a year post-vaccination, consistent with the decline in vaccine efficacy over that time, and decay rates varied for different antibody parameters. Biostatistical modelling suggested IgG1 and IgG3 contribute in promoting FcγR binding and phagocytosis, and IgG targeting the NANP-repeat and C-terminal regions CSP were similarly important for functional activities.

CONCLUSIONS

Results provide new insights to understand the modest and time-limited efficacy of RTS,S in children, and the induction of antibody functional activities. Improving the induction and maintenance of antibodies that promote phagocytosis and cellular functions, and combating the negative effect of malaria exposure on vaccine responses are potential strategies for improving RTS,S efficacy and longevity.
Behavior of cetaceans in the waters south of Pico Island (Azores, Portugal) - data obtained during whale-watching 2020
Authors: Zahn Peter , Kulike Lynn , Bloechl Armin
Published: May 2022

Land-based and boat-based surveys were conducted to collect data during whale-watching excursions in July/August and October 2020. Occurrence and behavior of cetaceans south of Pico Island (Azores) were determined. 10 species were sighted. The most frequently sighted species were: Sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), Sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis), Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis), Common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), and Risso’s dolphin (Grampus griseus). 51 different behaviour patterns were recorded. The majority, 32 behavior, were observed from two or more species. 19 behavioral patterns were observed only once from a single species, Atlantic spotted dolphins showed nine and Sperm whale showed six. The most behavioral patterns were displayed by Stenella frontalis with 26 and Pseudorca crassidens with 22. Interspecific cooperative hunting and intraspecific food sharing were observed, for the latter there were no known observations in the Azores so far.
CRISPR-Mediated Generation and Characterization of a Gaa Homozygous c.1935C>A (p.D645E) Pompe Disease Knock-in Mouse Model Recapitulates Human Infantile Onset-Pompe Disease
Authors: Kan Shih-hsin , Huang Jeffrey Y. , Harb Jerry , Rha Allisandra , Dalton Nancy D. , Christensen Chloe , Chan Yunghang , Davis-Turak Jeremy , Neumann Jon , Wang Raymond Y.
Published: May 2022

Pompe disease (PD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficient lysosomal acid α-glucosidase (GAA), leading to reduced degradation and subsequent accumulation of intra-lysosomal glycogen in tissues, especially skeletal and oftentimes cardiac muscle. The c.1935C>A (p.Asp645Glu) variant is the most frequent GAA pathogenic mutation in people of Taiwanese and Southern Chinese ethnicity, causing infantile-onset PD (IOPD), which presents neonatally with severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, profound muscle hypotonia, and respiratory failure leading to premature death if untreated.

To further investigate the pathogenic mechanism and facilitate development of therapies pertaining to this variant, we applied CRISPR-Cas9 homology-directed repair (HDR) using a novel dual sgRNA approach flanking the target site to generate a GaaEm1935C>A knock-in mouse model as well as a myoblast cell line carrying the Gaa c.1935C>A mutation. Herein we describe the molecular, biochemical, physiological, histological, and behavioral characterization of 3-month-old homozygous GaaEm1935C>A mice.

Homozygous GaaEm1935C>A knock-in mice exhibited normal Gaa mRNA expression levels relative to wild-type mice, but GAA enzymatic activity was almost completely abolished, leading to a substantial increase in tissue glycogen storage, and significant concomitant impairment of autophagy. Echocardiography of 3-month-old knock-in mice revealed significant cardiac hypertrophy. The mice also demonstrated skeletal muscle weakness but, paradoxically, not early mortality. Longitudinal studies of this model, including assessment of its immune response to exogenously supplied GAA enzyme, are currently underway.

In summary, the GaaEm1935C>A knock-in mouse model recapitulates the molecular, biochemical, histopathologic, and phenotypic aspects of human IOPD caused by the GAA c.1935C>A pathogenic variant. It is an ideal model to assess innovative therapies to treat IOPD, including personalized therapeutic strategies that correct pathogenic variants, restore GAA activity and produce functional phenotypes.
Finding rearrangements in nanopore DNA reads with last and dnarrange
Authors: Frith Martin C. , Mitsuhashi Satomi
Published: May 2022

Long-read DNA sequencing techniques such as nanopore are especially useful for characterizing complex sequence rearrangements, which occur in some genetic diseases and also during evolution. Analyzing the sequence data to understand such rearrangements is not trivial, due to sequencing error, rearrangement intricacy, and abundance of repeated similar sequences in genomes.

The last and dnarrange software packages can resolve complex relationships between DNA sequences, and characterize changes such as gene conversion, processed pseudogene insertion, and chromosome shattering. They can filter out numerous rearrangements shared by controls, e.g. healthy humans versus a patient, to focus on rearrangements unique to the patient. One useful ingredient is last-train, which learns the rates (probabilities) of deletions, insertions, and each kind of base match and mismatch. These probabilities are then used to find the most likely sequence relationships/alignments, which is especially useful for DNA with unusual rates, such as DNA from Plasmodium falciparum (malaria) with ∼ 80% a+t. This is also useful for less-studied species that lack reference genomes, so the DNA reads are compared to a different species’ genome. We also point out that a reference genome with ancestral alleles would be ideal.
Heavy–tailed neuronal connectivity arises from Hebbian self–organization
Authors: Lynn Christopher W. , Holmes Caroline M. , Palmer Stephanie E.
Published: May 2022

In networks of neurons, the connections are heavy–tailed, with a small number of neurons connected much more strongly than the vast majority of pairs.1–6 Yet it remains unclear whether, and how, such heavy–tailed connectivity emerges from simple underlying mechanisms. Here we propose a minimal model of synaptic self–organization: connections are pruned at random, and the synaptic strength rearranges under a mixture of Hebbian and random dynamics. Under these generic rules, networks evolve to produce scale–free distributions of connectivity strength, with a power–law exponent that depends only on the probability p of Hebbian (rather than random) growth. By extending our model to include correlations in neuronal activity, we find that clustering—another ubiquitous feature of neuronal networks6–9—also emerges naturally. We confirm these predictions in the connectomes of several animals, suggesting that heavy–tailed and clustered connectivity may arise from general principles of self–organization, rather than the biophysical particulars of individual neural systems.
Users' mental models of cross-device search under controlled and autonomous motivations
Authors: Dong Jing , Duan Ruoyang , Liang Shaobo
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Existing literature has elicited the external behaviors of cross-device search but not much is known about users' cognition of cross-device search. The study aims to explore how users perceive the cross-device search by combining with the mental models and how motivations affect the users' understanding of cross-device search.

Design/methodology/approach

The research questions are addressed through semi-structured face-to-face interviews with 59 users. Prior to the interview, the user is asked to complete a cross-device search task designed with the simulation of controlled and autonomous motivations to gain a real experience. The concepts of mental models are coded according to the constructivist grounded theory method.

Findings

The study finds the users' mental models of cross-device search consist of four dimensions: Element, Quality, Function and Issue. The effect of motivation on the mental models is tested as significant in terms of the Quality and Function aspects. The controlled motivation affects the user's perception of how the device switch influence the search and the autonomous motivation influences the user's opinion of search system functions.

Originality/value

The contribution of this study is found to extend the existing knowledge of cross-device search and update the mental models of information search in the current multi-device environment. The findings inform the future study of cross-device search and practices of search system design.
Lie subalgebras of so(3,1) up to conjugacy
Authors: Ghanam Ryad , Thompson Gerard , Bandara Narayana
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This study aims to find all subalgebras up to conjugacy in the real simple Lie algebra so(3,1).

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use Lie Algebra techniques to find all inequivalent subalgebras of so(3,1) in all dimensions.

Findings

The authors find all subalgebras up to conjugacy in the real simple Lie algebra so(3,1).

Originality/value

This paper is an original research idea. It will be a main reference for many applications such as solving partial differential equations. If so(3,1) is part of the symmetry Lie algebra, then the subalgebras listed in this paper will be used to reduce the order of the partial differential equation (PDE) and produce non-equivalent solutions.
Local perspectives on the cultural significance of rejuvenated heritage shophouses in George Town, Penang
Authors: Phua Jing Sern , Tan Keith Kay Hin
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This research presents a comparative perception study towards rejuvenated, community-driven shophouses in George Town, Penang.

Design/methodology/approach

It captures the opinions of two distinct age groups by utilizing a mixed-methods approach encompassing quantitative (main) and qualitative (supporting) research to obtain a dynamic understanding of perceptions between younger and older residents in the city and how these impact the long-term sustainability of heritage conservation efforts. The distribution of questionnaires to residents of Penang was the primary data collection method, with the structure of the questionnaires supported by recent academic literature and past perceptional research studies about built heritage.

Findings

The four main findings from the study are therefore as follows: 1. Both age groups have a similar, positive perception towards the tangible, physical elements of rejuvenated shophouses. 2. Intangible, functional factors play an equal or stronger role in influencing people and their attitude towards public participation and overall “Sense of Place”. 3. The pessimistic “Sense of Place” responses from the “Older” group reflect an equally pessimistic attitude towards intangible, functional factors surrounding rejuvenated shophouses. 4. Youth-led changes to George Town's heritage shophouses are degrading the “sense of place” connecting the older generation to the city.

Originality/value

The study can serve as a guide for the development of more inclusive and socially sustainable conservation and adaptive re-use policies for safeguarding the heritage identity and value of shophouses for current and future generations to experience in a post-COVID world.
What is my calling? An exploratory mixed-methods approach to conceptualizing hospitality career calling
Authors: Lee Lindsey , Ponting Sandra Sun-Ah , Ghosh Ankita , Min Hyounae (Kelly)
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This study aims to provide important insights in advancing the hospitality workforce by exploring the dimensions of calling. By identifying significant calling dimensions among hospitality employees, the study is guided by work as calling theory by also examining the mediating role of employees’ professional identity on intention to leave the industry.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used an exploratory mixed-methods approach. Study 1 included an online qualitative survey to explore the significant dimensions of calling among hospitality employees. Study 2 measured the significance of hospitality calling dimensions on intention to leave the industry, mediated by professional identity.

Findings

Study 1 identified transcendent summons, passion and purposeful life as significant dimensions of hospitality calling. Study 2 examined calling as a second-order construct with the aforementioned dimensions and proposed calling increases professional identity and decreases intention to leave the industry. However, professional identity did not significantly influence the intention to leave the industry.

Originality/value

This study brings value to the calling literature by exploring the calling dimensions unique to the hospitality workforce. Findings also highlight that subjective professional identity alone cannot lower employees’ intention to leave the industry. Organizational and industry support focusing on transcendent summons, passion and purposeful life are recommended.
Effect of anisotropic abrasive damage on mass loss and ultimate tensile properties of the stretch denim fabric
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Arunangshu , Shaw Vivek Prasad
Published: May 2022

Purpose

In recent times, stretch denim garments have become very popular amongst consumers as the garment is able to provide body fit and body comfort at the same time. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of abrasion on the change in surface appearance, mass loss and ultimate tensile properties of the stretch denim fabric in different directions (warp, weft and biased).

Design/methodology/approach

After abrading the fabrics in three different directions (warp, weft and biased), the loss in ultimate tensile properties, mass loss and surface appearance has been investigated in the respective directions of abrasion (warp, weft and biased). The study also encompasses the effect of different types of stretch yarn with varying levels of elastane content on such unidirectional abrasive damage.

Findings

It is seen that with the same level of abrasion cycles, the fabric's response in terms of mass loss and loss in ultimate tensile properties are different in different directions. The mass loss due to abrasion in biased direction is found to be minimum. The loss in ultimate tensile properties due to abrasion was highest in the weft direction. It is also found that the higher mass loss due to abrasion does not always result in a greater loss in ultimate tensile properties. The composition and the structure of the weft yarn significantly affected the extent of the mass loss and the loss in ultimate tensile properties during abrasive damage.

Originality/value

The impact of abrasive damage in terms of mass loss and loss in tensile strength along the different directions of denim fabric has not been explored till date. Abrasion of fabric can be done both in multi-direction (Lissajous motion) as well as in uni-direction (linear motion). The multidirectional abrasion provides a holistic or comprehensive idea of the fabric's response to the abrasive damage but does not take into consideration the fabric's anisotropic response to the abrasive damage. Most of the earlier investigation related to abrasive damage of denim fabric has been done in instruments where the motion of the abrader is multidirectional (Lissajous) in nature. For greater depth of understanding about the fabric performance under abrasive damage along the various direction (warp, weft and biased), unidirectional abrasion is conducted in this study.
Android-based Mobile Panic Button UI application design development in responding to emergency situations in Universitas Indonesia (UI)
Authors: Nasir Nida Hanifah , Lestari Fatma , Kadir Abdul
Published: May 2022

Purpose

The aim of this study is to develop and redesign the Mobile Panic Button UI (PB1) application as an emergency notification service, as well as conduct a simulation on the use of the new version of the application.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used the operational research design with a theoretical research framework that followed input, process and output. Primary data were collected through observation, measurement and interview while the secondary data were obtained from literature review. The first step of the analysis was input analysis that included problem identification on the existing Panic Button as input, or PB 1 in this study. This was followed by the analysis of the planned second version of the Panic Button (PB2) development, starting from problem identification to trial and error testing and evaluation of the results of the simulation of seven types of emergency events that involved users, emergency response officers and experts.

Findings

The study shows that the first version of PB1, developed in and used since 2017 at Universitas Indonesia, still had several weaknesses, particularly in its inability to provide adequate information. Only 30% of the standards for a mobile emergency application were met by PB1, which affected the performance of emergency responses. This was one of the reasons why the new version of Panic Button UI (PB2) was developed. The new features in PB2 comprise the inclusion of features for collecting information on user's name and mobile phone number, emergency category options, victim information, photo/voice information, description on the nature of the emergency (text), location selection, emergency notification delivery, notification delivery popup and emergency notification delivery to the emergency response team (ERT) officer. The time needed for using the second version of the Panic Button UI mobile application is 20 s faster than the previous one. PB2 can accelerate response time and response action time; improve response accuracy; facilitate the emergency notification process; and facilitate emergency communication.

Originality/value

Various notification alert systems have been developed in many countries. However, there is a lack of information in Indonesia, especially in educational setting. This study is the first study on a notification alert system application applied in the university. Emergency response is critical due to the big impact of disasters. This study will inform the stakeholders or users, particularly those in educational institution on how to implement mobile app–based emergency response notification systems.
Social value appraisal: cutting the Gordian knot
Authors: Ciccarino Irene D.M , Rodrigues Susana Cristina Serrano Fernandes , Ferreira Da Silva Jorge
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Social initiatives must disclose their results to access support. However, there is no theoretical consensus about how to do it. It is still necessary to understand the value creation in social initiatives because they may or not have economic goals. However, these goals serve to make the social ones feasible. This study aims to cut this Gordian knot by providing measures aligned to the value theory but developed by the social lens. It offers a non-economic-focused approach to dealing with assessment complexity and with multiple stakeholders’ needs for information.

Design/methodology/approach

A consolidation research path is suggested by three composed measures built upon tested and reliable scales. These value measures are discussed through narratives from Portuguese investors and social entrepreneurs in a mixed-methods design. Content analysis and online survey provided data for descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha test.

Findings

The analyses supported the value measures. Thus, they allow an effective way to assess and report the social value created. It also highlighted a potential use in preventive and corrective approaches helpful for several organizations that pursue social goals.

Research limitations/implications

The measures were tested based on social entrepreneurs' opinions. Future studies can include beneficiaries' opinions, allowing comparisons that can help to set more realistic goals and better investment criteria.

Originality/value

The relationship between investors and initiatives can improve, boosting their impact on society. The measures can highlight prioritization choices that influence the way value is created. Hence, they serve as a sensemaking from a holistic standpoint.
How the digital transformation from COVID-19 affected the relational approaches in B2B
Authors: Corsaro Daniela , D’Amico Valerio
Published: May 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to understand the main drivers of change in the relational approaches adopted in business-to-business (B2B) companies as an effect of the digital transformation processes boosted by COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology includes a qualitative study based on an abductive approach. Twenty-eight semistructured interviews and two focus groups have been carried out with sales and marketing professionals from different industries.

Findings

The research defines a conceptual framework that describes what the main changes of B2B relational approach are in a context affected by the pandemic, as well as its effects. The framework is constituted by three dimensions, namely, efficiency of the interaction, coordination and digital trust, and seven subdimensions.

Practical implications

This research also contributes to managerial practice, defining some directions to be fulfilled in a business context affected by the COVID-19 emergency to improve efficiency, coordination and trust.

Originality/value

Academic literature has greatly analyzed the transformation of the B2B scenario; less studies have explored how the relational approach is changing due to the digital acceleration caused by COVID-19 pandemic.
Active learning strategies in business education: using the law to build critical workforce skills
Authors: McDonald DeShannon , Iscaro Valentina , Posey O. Guy
Published: May 2022

Purpose

In today’s global business environment, business learners and employees must adapt to ever-changing challenges. Active learning strategies like case-based learning and think-pair-share may be used in any business course, as they engage learners, may meet Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business standards and assist with employer needs through knowledge and skill enhancement in critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving and collaboration. The purpose of this paper is to provide business instructors with three activities that are easily modified. The activities promote workforce skills and encourage reflection activities as an assessment. The intent of each scenario is to present solution-driven methods by which business challenges may be assessed and resolved.

Design/methodology/approach

Section 2 offers a literature review on case-based learning and think-pair-share. Section 3 includes three case-based activities that instructors may implement. Section 4 sets forth student assessment findings and a conclusion.

Findings

The findings demonstrated that learners reported positive benefits of case scenarios and think-pair-share on their ability to make business decisions, critically analyze, solve business problems and collaborate. Reflective observation was an insightful tool in assessing comprehension and skill-building for 68 learners in two sections of fall 2019 Legal Environment of Business courses. The contribution to literature is primarily practical. The activities foster educational effectiveness by stimulating learners to practice critical employment skills. The results also show that satisfaction, intensifying students’ engagement, enhances the educational effectiveness of the courses.

Originality/value

This study provides three original case-based activities with suggested content, handouts that may be copied for class use, instructor preparation, learning outcomes, objectives and assignment procedures.
VIKOR approach for bi-level multi-criteria nonlinear fractional programming problems: new insights
Authors: Garg Harish , Thanh Dang Ngoc Hoang , Rizk-Allah Rizk M.
Published: May 2022

Purpose

The paper aims to introduce a novel concept to solve the bi-level multi-criteria nonlinear fractional programming (BL-MCNFP) problems. Bi-level programming problem (BLPP) is rigorously flourished and studied by several researchers, which deals with decentralized decisions by comprising a sequence of two optimization problems, namely upper and lower-level problems. However, on the other hand, many real-world decision-making problems involve multiple objectives with fraction aspects, called fractional programming problems that reflect technical and economic performance.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper introduces a VIKOR (“VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje”) approach to solve the BL-MCNFP problem. In this approach, an aggregating function based on LP metrics is formulated on the basis of the “closeness” scheme from the “ideal” solution. The three steps perform the solution process: First, a new concept is attempted to minimize and maximize of the numerators and denominators from their respective ideal solutions and anti-ideal values simultaneously. Second, for each level, the K-dimensional objective space of each level is converted to a one-dimensional space by an aggregating function. Third, to obtain the final solution, all levels are combined into single-level model where the decision variables of upper levels are interrelated with other levels through fuzzy strategy-based linear and nonlinear membership functions.

Findings

The effectiveness of the proposed VIKOR is demonstrated by numerical examples, where the reported results affirm that the extended VIKOR method provides superior results in comparison with the same methods in the literature, and it is a good alternative to BL-MCNFP problems.

Originality/value

In terms of the assistance-based right decision, a parametric analysis for the weight of the majority is provided to exhibit a wide range of compromise solutions for the decision-maker.
Linking ethical leadership to employees' emotional exhaustion: a chain mediation model
Authors: Zhou Hao , Liu Song , He Yuling , Qian Xiaoye
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Drawing upon conservation of resources theory, this study aims to explore how ethical leadership relates to subordinates' emotional exhaustion through the chain mediating effects of organizational networking behavior and organizational embeddedness.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 447 airport employees in China. PROCESS macro in SPSS was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings

Results indicated that ethical leadership is negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion; organizational networking behavior and organizational embeddedness play a chain mediating role in the negative relationship between ethical leadership and emotional exhaustion.

Originality/value

This study provides new insights into the association between ethical leadership and emotional exhaustion, and enriches the antecedents and consequences of organizational networking behavior.
Team knowledge management: how leaders’ expertise recognition influences expertise utilization
Authors: Ye Suyang , Zhao Teng
Published: May 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to extend the literature on how to harness the expertise of team members. This paper suggests that the leader’s expertise recognition plays an important role in enhancing team effectiveness. In addition, leader’s personal dispositions shape how the leader’s recognition could benefit team expertise utilization.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper utilizes a two-wave, multi-source (team leaders and team members rated) survey design from 78 information technology teams to test the proposed moderated mediation model.

Findings

The data analysis revealed that a leader’s expertise recognition is positively related to team expertise utilization. Moreover, the leaders’ traits (i.e. social dominance and reflectiveness) act as important boundary conditions of this relationship. Specifically, only when the leader is less socially dominant or more reflective can they fully utilize the expertise recognition and enhance team creativity through team expertise utilization.

Originality/value

This study investigated an important issue that expertise utilization research has hitherto overlooked: the effects of leader’s expertise recognition on team expertise utilization and team creativity.