bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Epidemiological, Clinical, and Microbiological Features of Patients with Burkholderia pseudomallei Bacteraemia—Implications for Clinical Management
Authors: Prinsloo Carmen , Smith Simon , Law Matthew , Hanson Josh
Published: October 2023

Patients with melioidosis are commonly bacteraemic. However, the epidemiological characteristics, the microbiological findings, and the clinical associations of Burkholderia pseudomallei bacteraemia are incompletely defined. All cases of culture-confirmed melioidosis at Cairns Hospital in tropical Australia between January 1998 and June 2023 were reviewed. The presence of bacteraemia was determined and correlated with patient characteristics and outcomes; 332/477 (70%) individuals in the cohort were bacteraemic. In multivariable analysis, immunosuppression (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): (2.76 (1.21–6.27), p = 0.02), a wet season presentation (2.27 (1.44–3.59), p < 0.0001) and male sex (1.69 (1.08–2.63), p = 0.02), increased the likelihood of bacteraemia. Patients with a skin or soft tissue infection (0.32 (0.19–0.57), p < 0.0001) or without predisposing factors for melioidosis (0.53 (0.30–0.93), p = 0.03) were less likely to be bacteraemic. Bacteraemia was associated with intensive care unit admission (OR (95%CI): 4.27 (2.35–7.76), p < 0.0001), and death (2.12 (1.04–4.33), p = 0.04). The median (interquartile range) time to blood culture positivity was 31 (26–39) hours. Patients with positive blood cultures within 24 h were more likely to die than patients whose blood culture flagged positive after this time (OR (95%CI): 11.05 (3.96–30.83), p < 0.0001). Bacteraemia portends a worse outcome in patients with melioidosis. Its presence or absence might be used to help predict outcomes in cases of melioidosis and to inform optimal clinical management.
A Profile of Adult Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Patients According to Pneumococcal Vaccination Status
Authors: Morales-Suárez-Varela María , Toledo Diana , Fernández-Sierra María Amelia , Liébana María , Rubiera Gerardo , Navarro Gema , Prados Concepción , Chamarro Judith , Peraita-Costa Isabel , Domínguez Angela ,   Working Group of Project FIS PI19/00354
Published: October 2023

Certain patient profile characteristics, such as preexisting medical conditions, can modify the risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia among adults vaccinated and not vaccinated against pneumococcal disease. This retrospective cohort study aimed to quantify the risk of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 among individuals from 15 to 64 years old with and without pneumococcal vaccination in Spain during the 2020–2021 influenza season and establish a risk profile of patients more likely to develop SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Data (demographic information, patient medical history, and lifestyle habits) were gathered both directly from the patient via personal interview and by reviewing electronic medical records. In an adjusted analysis for pneumococcal vaccinated patients, visits to hospital outpatient clinics were protective while visits to primary health care services, being widowed, obese, and not using masks in outdoor open spaces were identified as risk factors. For patients who had not received a pneumococcal vaccine, visits to hospital outpatient clinics were protective, while being overweight or obese, alcohol consumption, and not using masks in outdoor open spaces were identified as risk factors. Concerning comorbidities, in the pneumococcal vaccinated group none were found to be protective but having diabetes or other respiratory diseases were identified as risk factors. In the unvaccinated group, undergoing immunosuppressive treatment and having metastatic tumors were protective factors, while cerebrovascular disease and obesity with a BMI ≥ 40 were risk factors. A similar risk profile for developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in pneumococcal vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals was found. Generally, vaccinated individuals had a lower risk of developing SARS-CoV-2. The findings suggest that vaccination against S. pneumoniae could prevent and reduce SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Additionally, this study has identified individuals with other medical conditions, such as obesity, underweight, diabetes, and a history of respiratory diseases, who are at an increased risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and could benefit from vaccination and supervision.
The Impact of Bamboo Consumption on the Spread of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Giant Pandas
Authors: Yan Zheng , He Xin , Ayala James , Xu Qin , Yu Xiaoqiang , Hou Rong , Yao Ying , Huang He , Wang Hairui
Published: October 2023

The spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment exacerbates the contamination of these genes; therefore, the role plants play in the transmission of resistance genes in the food chain requires further research. Giant pandas consume different bamboo parts at different times, which provides the possibility of investigating how a single food source can affect the variation in the spread of ARGs. In this study, metagenomic analysis and the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) database were used to annotate ARGs and the differences in gut microbiota ARGs during the consumption of bamboo shoots, leaves, and culms by captive giant pandas. These ARGs were then compared to investigate the impact of bamboo part consumption on the spread of ARGs. The results showed that the number of ARGs in the gut microbiota of the subjects was highest during the consumption of bamboo leaves, while the variety of ARGs was highest during the consumption of shoots. Escherichia coli, which poses a higher risk of ARG dissemination, was significantly higher in the leaf group, while Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Raoultella were significantly higher in the shoot group. The ARG risk brought by bamboo shoots and leaves may originate from soil and environmental pollution. It is recommended to handle the feces of giant pandas properly and regularly monitor the antimicrobial and virulence genes in their gut microbiota to mitigate the threat of antibiotic resistance.
Determination of Heavy Metals and Health Risk Assessment in Tap Water from Wuhan, China, a City with Multiple Drinking Water Sources
Authors: Liu Zufan , Tao Shiyong , Sun Zuyou , Chen Yilin , Xu Jing
Published: October 2023

The health issues of urban tap water are of great concern in the context of sustainability challenges to the environmental quality of water and the security of the water supply. In this work, tap water from the main urban areas in Wuhan and surface water from the Yangtze River and the Hanjiang River were collected during summer (June) and winter (December), 2022. The concentrations of 10 heavy metals including Fe, Al, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Se, Cd, Cr and Pb were determined for water quality evaluation and health risk assessment. The results demonstrated that almost all of the tap water samples contained metal concentrations below the Chinese national standard limits for drinking water (GB 5749-2022). The risk of heavy metals in tap water to human health was evaluated, and the results showed that the total carcinogenic risk (TCR) was in the range of 10−6 and 10−4 and the hazard index (HI) was much lower than one in both summer and winter. The current tap water in Wuhan is generally in a relatively safe state and will not cause acute hazards or chronic diseases in the short term, but the long-term cancer risk is still noteworthy. The heavy metal pollution index (HPI) showed that the overall water quality of urban drinking water sources in Wuhan has been satisfactory, despite its slightly polluted state in winter. Pipeline corrosion was considered as one of the important sources of heavy metals in Wuhan tap water, which can explain, to a certain extent, the increase in the heavy metal concentrations of tap water outlets relative to the finished water reported by waterworks, such as Fe, Ni, Cd and Pb. This study has implications for the formulation of better urban water supply security management strategies and associated sustainability challenges.
Heavy Metal Content in Fish of the Barguzin River (Eastern Cisbaikalia) and Assessment of Potential Risks to Human Health
Authors: Bazarsadueva Selmeg V. , Shiretorova Valentina G. , Nikitina Elena P. , Zhigzhitzhapova Svetlana V. , Taraskin Vasilii V. , Bazarzhapov Tcogto Zh. , Dong Suocheng , Radnaeva Larisa D.
Published: October 2023

In this paper, the levels of nine heavy metals in the organs and tissues of six commercially important fish species from the Barguzin River (Eastern Cisbaikalia, Russia), bream Abramis brama, roach Rutilus rutilus, crucian carp Carassius carassius, common carp Cyprinus carpio, perch Perca fluviatilis and northern pike Esox lucius, were investigated. The distribution of HMs in the fish organs and tissues was unequal and was determined by both their physiological functions and routes of entry. The study also characterized the environmental habitats, including water and sediments, and conducted an assessment of potential risks to human health associated with fish consumption. The results showed that the levels of Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cr and Hg in the muscle tissue of fish from the Barguzin River were generally low and did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations established in Russia and worldwide. However, Mn levels in a number of samples exceeded the corresponding maximum allowable concentrations, which may be attributed to its elevated presence in the habitat. The calculated fish condition factor K showed good health status of fish from the Barguzin River. The highest Metal Pollution Index values were recorded for northern pike scales (5.9), which, however, corresponded to a low level of contamination. The other metal pollution index values for fish organs and tissues were all below five, indicating either no or very low contamination. Risk to human health was assessed using target hazard quotients and hazard index. None of these indices, both for each fish species studied and for each of the nine heavy metals, exceeded one. This indicated that consumption of the fish species studied did not pose an excessive risk of non-carcinogenic health effects to humans. The data on the content of nine heavy metals in the main commercially caught fish species from the Barguzin River indicated a low level of tissue and organ contamination by heavy metals and the absence of health risks to humans associated with their consumption as food.
Elecciones en Ecuador 2023: ¿Cambio o continuum?
Authors: Mila-Maldonado Andrea , García-Mayoral Álvaro
Published: October 2023

El 15 de octubre de 2023 Ecuador celebró la segunda vuelta de las elecciones presidenciales para el periodo noviembre 2023-mayo 2025, de las que resultó ganador Daniel Noboa, candidato de centroderecha y líder de la alianza Acción Democrática Nacional (ADN). Este análisis se estructura en ocho secciones que analizan las principales propuestas del recién electo presidente, y abarca aspectos ideológicos, políticos, de seguridad, relaciones internacionales, visión del Estado y políticas públicas, dolarización y disciplina fiscal, así como las perspectivas del Yasuní ITT. Como principales reflexiones, estos 16 meses de gobierno que inician tienen como reto central la seguridad —principal issue de las agendas políticas y de los medios— cuya gestión en esa área fijará en buena medida el éxito del nuevo gobierno. Asimismo, la fórmula de gobierno deberá dirimir diferencias sustanciales de orden ideológico, ya que determinan la propia visión del Estado, la economía y las políticas públicas.
PSYCHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISM OF THE FORMATION OF LABOR SKILLS AND SKILLS IN PROCESSING CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS IN STUDENTS
Authors: SOTNYCHOK O. , TYTARENKO V.
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the actual problem of methods of labor training of students in the processing of structural materials. It has been established that the issue of taking into account the psychophysiological features of teaching students to process construction materials in labor training remains understudied until now. It has been proven that the formation of students' abilities and skills in the processing of structural materials are two levels of mastering labor processes and their components. The article deals with the actual problem of methods of labor training of students in the processing of structural materials. It has been established that the issue of taking into account the psychophysiological features of teaching students to process construction materials in labor training remains understudied until now. It has been proven that the formation of students' abilities and skills in the processing of structural materials are two levels of mastering labor processes and their components. The existence of a number of difficulties in managing the human body with work movements was noted, which complicates their correct formation, requiring multiple exercises to manage their correct execution: the motor effect depends significantly on the condition of the muscles; students need to learn to eliminate all trajectories unnecessary for this movement, which generally exist in the form of six degrees of freedom; performance of labor movements for the processing of structural materials requires certain physical efforts from the students to overcome the resistance of the processed material. The need to conduct trial exercises for the formation of initial, primary skills regarding their implementation on educational blanks has been established, in order to detect deviations from the pattern of action, errors and correct them as soon as possible, preventing the need for retraining.
MUSICAL RHYTHMIC EDUCATION OF SCHOOL STUDENTS OF YOUNGER SCHOOL AGE USING CHEERLIDENING
Authors: SINYTSYA S. , ARKANOVA A. , SINYTSYA T. , SHESTEROVA L. , DANISKO O.
Published: October 2023

The article reveals the problem of low motor activity of schoolchildren. Cheerleading is singled outas a popular type of motor activity that is included in the school physical culture program. The use of musical games isproposed, which are designed to improve and consolidate the necessary skills and abilities of musical literacy. In addition tothe game "Dance of balls", we also introduced the game "Cheer play" developed by us. More significant indicators of thelevel of motor activity and sense of rhythm among students who played the game "Cheer play" were confirmed. Theeffectiveness of the choreographic simulator "Cheer simulator" was developed, implemented and confirmed, which is avisual and auditory visualization of the performance of the basic positions of cheers, arms and legs in combination withmusical accompaniment.
THE FLEXIBILITY OF A HIGHER EDUCATION TEACHER AS AN INVARIANT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE
Authors: KHOMENKO A.
Published: October 2023

The article, based on methodological and theoretical analysis of scientific works, reveals the essence and significance of the personal flexibility of a higher education teacher as an invariant of their professional competence.The author tells that the personal flexibility of a higher education teacher should be considered as a mental (cognitive) ability, which characterizes the ability to reconsider the conceptual framework of the world based on acquiring new information; the ability to abandon ineffective means of interaction, modes of thinking, ways of behaving, and develop one's own, or adopt new, creative approaches to professional activities.The conditions for the formation and development of personal flexibility of a higher education teacher as an indicator of their pedagogical professionalism have been determined: improving the professional and pedagogical competence of the teacher through self-stimulation of systematic scientific, methodological, intellectual-searching cognitive activities; participation in various forms of professional development; understanding and utilization of pedagogical innovations in professional training of specialists; deepening and broadening of worldview erudition based on the formation of worldview generalizations that form the informational basis of the teacher's views on the general scientific picture of the world, types of material and spiritual systems, laws of functioning and development of nature and society, and the essence of human existence; self-reflection of internal personal mental processes: communicative behavior, motivation for readiness to adapt to new life conditions, manifestation of positive personal characteristics in interaction, perception, and control of complex professional and life situations, and the ability to generate alternative solutions.
Vulneración del consentimiento por la vinculación obligatoria a tribunales arbitrales deportivos dentro del fútbol ecuatoriano
Authors: Cabrera León Isaac Mateo , Carpio Flores Luis
Published: October 2023

El Derecho Deportivo ecuatoriano, presenta conflictos ante incumplimientos contractuales que se derivan entre las relaciones clubes-jugadores, la utilización del arbitraje es usada como mecanismo para la resolución de disputas, estableciendo en los contratos esta regulación. Para ello, es necesario analizar las cláusulas de los contratos deportivos en el fútbol ecuatoriano que obligan a jugadores y clubes profesionales a someterse a tribunales de arbitraje deportivos en caso de configurarse un conflicto. El estudio se llevó a cabo, bajo un enfoque cualitativo, de análisis descriptivo de tipo documental; fueron analizados dos cuestiones en derecho como lo es el Consentimiento en los Contratos y la Teoría del Negocio Jurídico; y la Jurisprudencia sobre Casos en el Derecho Deportivo de Fútbol. Se concluye en que los contratos deportivos de fútbol prescriben cláusulas arbitrales predispuestas de índole obligatoria, que desnaturalizan el consentimiento como elemento fundamental del negocio jurídico, afectando así a jugadores profesionales que desempeñan su labor dentro de territorio ecuatoriano.
The use of modern technologies to enhance the quality of teaching at higher education institutions
Authors: Romanyuk Svitlana , Maftyn Larysa , Iliichuk Liubomyra , Vasylyk Maryna , Tarangul Liubov
Published: October 2023

Currently, state-of-the-art technologies contribute to the development of the educational process, which entails the search for new approaches to providing information. The purpose of the study is to identify the effectiveness of using modern technologies to enhance the learning performance in higher education institutions. Attaining the said goal became possible due to calculating the variation coefficient of, the obtained level of knowledge, the Student coefficient as well as the direct standardization method. It was found that the greatest advantage of using modern technologies is the possibility of combining distance and in-class learning. However, the disadvantage is the difficulty of identifying the relevant technologies according to the training program. The elaborated mechanisms for ensuring the learning process were implemented with the help of Blackboard, CourseCraft, Trello, EdApp, Scheduler Maker software. It was established that among students who studied pedagogy and primary school methods (group 1), a high level of knowledge was attained with 71%. Students of group 2, who studied English, achieved a high level with 65% of students. The practical implications of the study lie in the improvement of the learning process at higher education institutions drawing on the use of modern technologies. Prospects for research may be related to comparing the effectiveness of programs used to provide learning with a traditional learning approach.
The informatization role of the educational process for quality training of specialists
Authors: Sabat Nataliia , Petrenko Serhii , Bosa Vita , Lashkul Valerii , Bielikova Valentyna
Published: October 2023

The article reveals the role of informatization of the educational process for high-quality training of specialists in order to achieve in the educational process a systemic vision of the future innovative activity of specialists, its perception as a single system of professional functions and tasks, giving preference to informatization. The purpose of the article is to clarify the role of informatization of the educational process for quality training of specialists to achieve a systemic vision of future innovative activity in the educational process, its perception as a single system of professional functions and tasks. , giving preference to informatization. The methodical concept of scientific training of future specialists in the conditions of informatization of the educational process for high-quality training of specialists reflects the relationship and interaction of scientific approaches to the study of a fundamental problem. Informatization of the educational process was considered in aspects: system, activity and information. The positive factors of informatization of the educational process, which increase the effectiveness of the training of education seekers and factors that contribute to the prompt updating and solving of tasks, filling the content of the educational environment through the use of new technologies, have been determined.
Investigation of the role of individual creativity of employees in the relationship of learning organization and business performance
Authors: Alay Hazal Koray , Şener Zeynep
Published: October 2023

This study aims to examine the role of individual creativity of employees in the relationship between the learning organization and business performance.

Quantitative patterned research methods were used in the study. A survey method was used to collect first-hand data. The research sample consists of a group of 301 employees operating in various sectors and working in different positions in the province of Istanbul, Turkey. The questionnaire consists of appropriate scales to measure learning organization characteristics, individual creativity and business performance. Data analysis was carried out using statistical methods and regression analysis via SPSS 2.0 statistical program.

Findings show that learning organization characteristics positively affect the individual creativity role of employees. In addition, it has been revealed that the individual creativity level of the employees has a positive relationship with the business performance. The mediating effect of the individual creativity variable in the relationship between the learning organization and the job performance has also been found.

These findings highlight that the learning organization is an effective strategy in increasing business performance and that the individual creativity of employees is a critical factor in this process.
Implementation of the myth of the cultural hero in the social and political reality of Ukraine
Authors: Biletskyi Vitalii , Onkovych Hanna , Flegontova Natalia , Adamia Zoia , Onkovуch Artem D.
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes populist trends in the modern social and political space of Ukraine, in particular, the process of introducing the myth of the cultural hero. The methodological foundation is Jungian philosophy, which recognizes that social activity is caused by the motivational forces of the collective unconscious (C. Jung, E. Fromm, J. Campbell). The hypothesis is put forward that the political choice of the electorate is a manifestation of the objectification of the universal cross-cultural myth. During the analysis of the architectonics of the corresponding myth, 11 mythologemes were found, combined into a narrative about the evolution of a prominent person. The presence of these mythologemes in the television series “Servant of the People”, which contributed to the victory of the young actor Vol. Zelensky in the presidential elections of 2019, was traced. It is concluded that the mentioned cinematographic product covertly influenced the electoral position, forming it by means of instrumental labelling based on a myth imprinted in the subconscious.
Dimensions of refugee identity in Dina Nayeri’s Refuge
Authors: Chernyshova Svitlana
Published: October 2023

The article concentrates on Dina Nayeri’s novel “Refuge”. The focus of this article is on the processes of formation of refugee’s identity of the main character, Niloo. It has been argued that the construction of her agency is based on the continual dialogue between her and her father as well as between her and the exiled Iranians in Amsterdam. The main character’s initial reluctance to support connections with her father and, in a broader sense, with her native country is transformed during the novel’s diegesis. In the end, Niloo admits that she needs to embrace her Iranian self and establish a dialogue with her past. The second part of the article deals with the notion of the refugee community and the idea that exiled collective identity is constructed on the primal injury of oppression and exclusion. Niloo’s meetings with her people stimulate her to reconsider that part of herself she was trying to suppress. Moreover, the reconciliation with her former neglected self becomes possible after meeting the Iranian immigrants. The diegetic narrator tries to make sense of her life and construct her agency through negotiations with others. It is concluded that the refugee’s past experience cannot be forgotten or refused during the formation of an exiled identity. Instead, it must be integrated and acknowledged by a forced migrant.
Diagnostic markers and scale of differential diagnosis of socially-disadaptative post-combat syndrome
Authors: Danilevska Natalia , Asieieva Yuliia , Chusova Olha , Tolmachov Oleksii , Berezovska Yuliia
Published: October 2023

Mental disorders resulting from combat actions can affect up a considerable percentage of servicemen. Specific disorders have been observed in combatants and veterans of different wars, highlighting the influence of combat conditions on mental health. Social maladjustment among it can be highly prevalent, impacting combat readiness and post-war adaptation.

The above emphasizes the significance of differential diagnosis in identifying specific mental conditions like Socially-Disadaptive Post-Combat Syndrome and distinguishing them from other disorders. Socially-Disadaptive Post-Combat Syndrome is a condition that develops after the return of a combatant from a combat zone and is characterized by a maladaptive, conflictual response to a wide range of insignificant social situations.

The study aims to develop a diagnostic tool for identifying Socially-Disadaptive Post-Combat syndrome.

This study focuses on combat-related mental disorders among Ukrainian combatants and veterans who participated in the Anti-Terrorist Operation / Joint Forces Operation (ATO/JFO) from 2014 to 2021. The research involves 395 participants, with 39 combatants exhibiting symptoms of Socially-Disadaptive Post-Combat Syndrome forming the main research group, and 21 individuals with PTSD forming the comparison group.

As a result of the study, we systematized diagnostic markers and develop a Diagnostic Scale of Socially-Disadaptive Post-Combat syndrome. Our devised diagnostic scale consists of two sections: a list of criteria related to specific circumstances (comprising 4 criteria - 2 obligatory criteria and 2 optional criteria) and a list of symptoms (comprising 16 symptoms).

We also believe that conducting research on combatants and veterans of other wars is expedient.
FARMAKOLOJİK YÖNTEMLER İLE DENTAL TEDAVİSİ YAPILAN ÇOCUKLARDA TEDAVİ SÜRESİ VE POST-OP ŞİKAYET İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: SOLAK KOLCAKOGLU Kevser , ŞENYİĞİT Ebru , YÜCEL Gül , KIZILCI Esra
Published: October 2023

Çocukluk çağında diş çürükleri uzun yıllardır önemli bir sağlık sorunu olmuştur. Diş çürüğü, karyojenik mikroorganizmalar, fermente olabilen karbonhidratlar ve konakçı duyarlılığı arasındaki etkileşimler nedeniyle ortaya çıkar. Ne yazık ki diş çürüğü kendini sınırlayamaz. Bu nedenle, diş çürüğünün sonuçlarını ele almak için profesyonel müdahale gereklidir. Pediatrik hastalara diş tedavisi sağlamak, özellikle genç yaşları nedeniyle işbirliği yapmayan, olgunlaşmamış veya fiziksel/zihinsel engelleri olan çocuklar için zordur. Bu hastalar farmakolojik teknikler kullanılarak yönetilebilir. Özellikle yüksek çürük riskli hastalarda öncelikle geniş çürük lezyona sahip çocukları tedavi etmek için bu yöntemler sıklıkla kullanılır. Bu çalışmada, genel anestezi ve sedasyon altında tedavi edilen pediatrik hastalarda dental tedavi yaklaşımlarının, dental tedavi sürelerinin hasta şikayetleri ile ilişkisini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Diş muayeneleri deneyimli pedodontistler tarafından ve tıbbi muayeneleri deneyimli çocuk doktoru tarafından yapılan hastaların verileri elde edilmiştir. Hastalar genel anestezi ve sedasyon, sistemik hastalık varlığı, dental tedavi süresi ve ameliyat sonrası hasta şikayetlerine göre gruplara ayrılmıştır. Çalışmada 0.05’den küçük p değerleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Analizler SPSS 22.0 paket programı ile yapılmıştır. Tedavi süresi ile hasta şikayetleri arasında anlamlı farklılık olduğu görülmüştür. Tedavi süresi arttıkça uyku hali artmıştır (p=0.02). Sistemik hastalığı var olan grubun anestezi sonrası hasta şikayeti gerçekleşme oranlarının anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p=0.04). Genel anestezi ve sedasyon altında başarılı diş tedavileri yapılsa dahi, bu yöntemler çürük lezyonlarının gelişimini önlemeye yardımcı olmaz. Çocuk diş hekimlerinin odak noktası, ağız hastalıklarını önlemeye yönelik bir yaklaşım olmalıdır.
Seroprevalence of Human Cystic Echinococcosis and Risk Factors in Nahavand, Hamadan, Western Iran
Authors: Kashinahanji Manizheh , Bakhtiari Mehran , Foroughi-Parvar Faeze
Published: October 2023

Background: Hydatid cyst is a global infectious disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. The annual incidence of human cystic echinococcosis (CE) in Iran varies from 0 to 61 in 100,000 cases, depending on geographical conditions, epidemiological factors, and diagnostic methods. Studies showed that E. granulosus infection is one of the most important health problems in most parts of the country. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 cases referring to Shahid Ghodoosi and Shahid Alimoradi hospital laboratories in Nahavand, Hamadan, Western Iran. IgG antibodies against hydatid cysts were evaluated by the commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, and socio-demographic data were collected using a questionnaire. Then, data were statistically analyzed by SPSS software. Results: Out of 400 subjects in this study, five (1.25%) were positive for CE IgG antibodies by the ELISA method. Two (40%) females and three (60%) males were reported positive for CE IgG via the ELISA Hydatid test. Rural residents consisted of the majority of positive cases (80%). Nearly all of the hydatid-infected subjects were categorized in the age group above 50. Moreover, housewives and self-employed businesses were identified as the two occupations with the highest antibody titers against E. granulosus. In addition, no significant statistical difference was observed in variables. Conclusion: Although the frequency of hydatid cyst infection in Nahavand is lower than the average proportion confirmed by previous studies in the country, due to the numerous records of hydatid cyst disease in the region, the establishment of health programs is regarded essential to control this parasitic infection.
Adiantum
capillus-veneris and Respiratory Diseases
Authors: Haghighi Gholamreza , Haghighi Masoumeh , Aziminia Razieh , Kargar Hossein
Published: October 2023

Adiantum capillus-veneris L. (Pare-siavashan) is a plant from the Pteridaceae family with many uses in traditional and folk medicine. This plant grows in different parts of the world. According to the references of Persian medicine, it has many positive effects on the digestive system, urogenital system, integumentary system, eyes, spleen, edema, and respiratory system (e.g., dyspnea). It is used in folk medicine in parts of the world to cure menstrual disorders, cold, cough, abdominal pain, fever, headache, bronchitis, hair loss, and diabetes. Contemporary researchers have proven the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects of this plant. The clinical studies conducted on the effects of this plant on respiratory diseases are few and more research is necessary. According to the properties mentioned for this plant, its use in the treatment of asthma and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract and its infections can be considered.
Effective Factors in the Chemical and Biological Control of Fasciola spp. With an Emphasis on the Effects of Macrofungi
Authors: Garedaghi Yagoob
Published: October 2023

Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica are among the most interesting and at the same time important subjects of parasitology. The relative ability of these zoonoses in performing laboratory operations and their high prevalence in animals have made fascioliasis a suitable research subject. Today, consistent and continuous control measures are widely recognized as planned management strategies for fascioliasis. These programs may include scheduled grazing of animals and killing of snails and the use of antiparasitic drugs. In the past, various medicinal plants have been tested against fascioliasis. Usually, mushrooms are known as valuable food and contain various active chemical substances with nutritional and therapeutic properties. Ganoderma applanatum and Cantharellus cibarius are species of macrofungi that have great medicinal and therapeutic value. These mushrooms show a wide range of medicinal properties (antibacterial, anticancer, antihypertensive, immune system modulator, antioxidant, and antiandrogenic properties). In the biological control method of various Fasciola species, macrofungi and predatory fungi are mostly used, and due to the naturalness of their compounds, they have extremely less side effects and risks compared to chemical synthetic compounds, and because of this alternative biological control, they will be suitable for other fascioliasis control methods in the future.
Strategies against domestic violence and its consequences amongst Iranian women: A review study
Authors: Hossein Mirzaee Beni Zahra , Alizadeh Adel , Gazerani Azam , Jafari Moghaddam Sahar , Nikpeyma Nasrin
Published: October 2023

Background and aims: Domestic violence against women is a problem that might cause irreparable damage to women’s health. This study aims to review the studies on the strategies regarding domestic violence against women in Iran. Methods: This study is a narrative review of published articles on strategies to prevent domestic violence against women in Iran from 2009 to 2019. Two scholars on valid databases searched. Articles were selected based on the time and setting of studies, purpose, and research structure framework. The full text of the articles and the publication language were included in the study. The quality of the articles was assessed using the "checklist of original research articles," which comprises five sections; the structure of the abstract, the title and introduction, the review method, the results, the conclusion, and the keywords. The general opinion of the reviewer was also taken into consideration. Results: 13 eligible articles were reviewed, including 11 in Persian and 2 in English. The finding of the reviews indicated the interventions implemented to reduce and prevent domestic violence against women in Iran. These interventions focused on life skills in three categories (a) Communication and Interpersonal Skills (such as resilience based on spirituality, mindfulness techniques, motivational interview, and emotionally focused couple therapy), (b) decision-making and critical thinking skills, including problem-solving, decision-making, narrative exposure therapy, and conflict resolution related to domestic violence against women), and (c) coping and self-management skills (such as anger management, marital adjustment, and self-defense). Conclusion: The effective implementation of life skills can serve as practical methods to prevent domestic violence against women.
THE CHEMICAL ETCHING OF CdTe, ZnxCd1-xTe and CdxHg1-xTe SINGLE CRYSTALS WITH HNO3 – KI – DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE SOLUTIONS
Authors: Denysiuk R. , Tomashyk V. , Kaminskiy O. , Shelyuk I. , Pysarenko S. , Martsenyuk O.
Published: October 2023

The chemical dissolution of CdTe single crystals, ZnxCd1-xTe and CdxHg1-xTe solid solutions in HNO3 – KI – dimethylformamide solutions has been investigated under reproducible hydrodynamic conditions for the first time. It is shown that the etching compositions of this system are cheaper, create a less aggressive environment, are more stable over time and are more ecologically safe. The diagrams «solution composition versus dissolution rate» has been plotted and the concentration limits of polishing etchant have been determined. Chemical-dynamic polishing with the investigated solutions can be carried out with a volume content of HNO3 9-15 %, while the polishing speed the surface of CdTe single crystals, ZnxCd1-xTe and CdxHg1-xTe solid solutions is within 1.6-2.5 μm/min. The dependence of the ions concentration that passed into the solution after the interaction of solid solutions ZnxCd1-xTe with the investigated etchants, versus the content of the oxidant in the etchant has been determined, and it was shown that the content of ions in the solution corresponds to the molar ratio in the semiconductor and indicates uniform dissolution of the surface. Based on the results of kinetic study, the apparent activation energy of the polishing was calculated for a solution of the composition (in vol. %): 12 НNO3 + 88 KI (DMF), which does not exceed 15.1 kJ/mol for СdTe and 7.7 kJ/mol for solid solutions on its basis, which indicates the limitation of the process by diffusion stages. The effect of the lactic acid and the nature of the semiconductors on the kinetics of chemical-mechanical polishing of the studied single crystals were determined. When the polishing solution is diluted with organic acid to 40 vol. %, the speed of chemical and mechanical polishing decreases from 3.5 to 0.5 μm/min. The compositions of etching mixtures and modes of implementation of chemical-dynamic polishing, which is recommended to be carried out in a suitable installation at the temperature 293 K and the disk rotation speed 82 min‑1, and chemical-mechanical polishing of the mention above semiconductor  single crystals with the addition of lactic acid and polishing rates of 3.5-0.5 μm/min.
DYNAMICS AND CAUSES OF ENDEMIC HUMAN DISEASES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Onyschuk I. , Harbar O. , Ostapchuk L.
Published: October 2023

The article describes the dynamics and causes of endemic human diseases in Ukraine. According to the results of statistical data on the dynamics of indicators of anthropogenic and technogenic load on the surrounding natural environment, the ecological situation in Ukraine is a crisis. This leads to environmental pollution with substances dangerous to human health, deterioration of the Earth's ozone layer, and also contributes to the appearance of new chemical compounds and changes the quantitative composition of existing ones.
Endemic diseases are those that are observed in people for a long time in a certain limited territory and are caused by natural and social conditions. The occurrence and risk of development of endemic diseases is determined by the action of environmental elements, anthropotechnogenic and social factors.
The purpose of the study was to establish the dynamics and causes of endemic diseases in the population of Ukraine during 2017-2021. It was established that endemic caries, endemic fluorosis, endemic goiter, and water-nitrate methemoglobinemia were the most common endemic diseases of the population of Ukraine during the studied years. Among all identified endemic diseases, endemic caries was recorded most often among the population, methemoglobinemia was less common. The dynamics of occurrence of the above-mentioned endemic diseases among the population during 2017-2021 increased. The causes of the development of endemic caries are the insufficient content of fluorine in the consumed water (up to 0.5 mg/l), endemic fluorosis, on the contrary, the intake of fluorine in excessive amounts (over 1.5 mg/l). Endemic goiter develops due to a lack of iodine in consumed products and water, water-nitrate methemoglobinemia – due to an excess of nitrates over 50 mg/l. Endemic fluorosis, for the most part, is characteristic of the inhabitants of the mountainous regions of Ukraine and Poltava region, endemic goiter – for the Carpathian, Carpathian and Transnistrian-Danubian regions, endemic caries and water-nitrate methemoglobinemia – for all regions of Ukraine.
XANTHOPHYLL CONCENTRATION IN LYMNAEA STAGNALIS CAUSED BY CHROMIUM IONS
Authors: Kyrychuk G. , Muzyka L. , Astahova L.
Published: October 2023

Currently the pollution of natural waters by heavy metal ions is a particularly serious problem which results in the disruption of the balance of food chains and the overall ecosystem balance. In this regard the study of the reaction of the biotic components of the hydroecosystem to toxic effects is relevant, and will allow to expand the understanding of the adaptive mechanisms of aquatic organisms and to determine sensitive test objects and test functions for assessing the degree of pollution of natural waters.
The influence of chromium ions (Cr3+ and Cr2O72-) in concentrations corresponding to 0.5 and 2 TLV in fish farming water basins was studied based on the concentration of xanthophylls in hemolymph, hepatopancreas, mantle and leg of Lymnaea stagnalis, which is a permanent component of most hydrobiocenoses of Zhytomyr Polissia. The dynamics of the discussed carotenoids at different durations of exposure (2, 7, 14 and 21 days) of the studied shellfish in a toxic environment were observed.
It was found that 48-hour exposure of shellfish in solutions of chromium ions (Cr3+ and Cr2O72- ) regardless of their concentration (0.5 and 2 TLV) causes 2.45–3.23 times increase of xanthophylls in all the studied organs and tissues of L. stagnalis (p ≤ 0.001) which indicates the development of an immediate reaction of animals to toxic elements. Further prolongation of exposure to chromium ions (7, 14, and 21 days) resulted in non-linear organ-dependent dynamics of the xanthophyll content which is related to the specificity of the action of ions, the duration of exposure of animals to toxic solutions, and the metabolic features of the studied organs and tissues. It is shown that the content of xanthophylls in the body of L. stagnalis is characterized by tissue-organ specificity. The minimum amounts of the discussed carotenoid were recorded in the hemolymph of animals and the maximum values varied significantly between the studied components depending on the experimental conditions.
فاعلية برنامج إرشادي جمعي مستند إلى النظرية السلوكية الجدلية في تنمية مستوى الذكاء الذاتي لطلبة المرحلة الأساسية في الأردن
Authors: Othman May Issa , Maali Ibraheem Bajes
Published: October 2023

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة الكشف عن فاعلية برنامج إرشادي جمعي مستند إلى (النظرية السلوكية الجدلية) في تنمية مستوى الذكاء لطلبة المرحلة الأساسية في الأردن.
المنهجية: تكونت عينة الدراسة من (30) طالبا وطالبة من طلبة المرحلة الأساسية العليا من الصفوف الثامن وحتى العاشر الأساسي في مدرسة أكاديمية المستوى العالي. تم اختيار العينة بطريقة قصدية ووزعت عشوائياً إلى مجموعتين متجانستين ضابطة وتجريبية. تكونت كل مجموعة منهما من (15) طالبا وطالبة. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم تطوير مقياس الذكاء الذاتي بمدى (1-240) وتم التحقق من خصائصه السكومترية بقياس صدقه وثباته. تم إعداد البرنامج الإرشادي المستند إلى النظرية السلوكية الجدلية وتطبيقه على المجموعة التجريبية بواقع (14) جلسة إرشادية. حللت البيانات باستخدام تحليل التباين المصاحب الثنائي (Two Way ANCOVA)، كما تم استخدام تحليل التباين المصاحب الثنائي متعدد المتغيرات التابعة (Two Way MANCOVA).
النتائج: أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى الدلالة (α=0.05)، بين متوسطي أداء المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في مستوى الذكاء الذاتي، حيث ارتفع المتوسط الحسابي لطلبة المجموعة التجريبية من (120.20) في المقياس القبلي إلى (160.27) في القياس البعدي، أما المجموعة الضابطة (التي لم تخضع للبرنامج الإرشادي) فلقد كان هنالك انخفاض طفيف في تنمية الذكاء الذاتي، حيث انخفض المتوسط الحسابي لاستجابات الطلبة من (95.47) في القياس القبلي إلى (94.87) في القياس البعدي. وقد كانت هذه الفروق لصالح المجموعة التجريبية، وتعزى للبرنامج الإرشادي، بينما لم تظهر النتائج فروقاً على مقياس الذكاء الذاتي تتعلق بمتغير الجنس.
الخلاصة: توصي الدراسة بتطوير المزيد من البرامج المستندة على النظرية السلوكية الجدلية لدراسة فعاليتها على متغيرات أخرى متعددة.
أثر استخدام مهارات ما وراء المعرفة في تدريس الرياضيات على التحصيل المباشر والمؤجل لدى طلبة الصف الثالث الأساسي
Authors: Abu Khadra Razan Jihad , Hamzeh Mohammad AbdelWahab
Published: October 2023

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى تقصي أثر استخدام مهارات ما وراء المعرفة في تدريس الرياضيات على التحصيل المباشر والمؤجل لدى طلبة الصف الثالث الأساسي.
المنهجية: استخدمت الدراسة التصميم شبه التجريبي، وقد تكونت عينة الدراسة من (153) طالبًا وطالبة من مدرسة أساسية في مدينة عمَّان، وقد تم اختيار المدرسة قصديًّا، وتعيين المجموعتين عشوائيًّا، الأولى تجريبية)تكونت من 77 طالبًا وطالبة(، دُرّست باستخدام مهارات ما وراء المعرفة، والثانية ضابطة)تكونت من 76 طالبًا وطالبة(، دُرّست بالطريقة الاعتيادية، وتم تطوير اختبار تحصيلي مكون من (30) فقرة بعد التأكد من صدقه وثباته.
النتائج: أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (α=0.05) في تحصيل الطلبة لصالح المجموعة التجريبية، وأن استخدام مهارات ما وراء المعرفة في تدريس الرياضيات قد أدى إلى احتفاظ طلبة المجموعة التجريبية بالتَّعلم.
الخلاصة: أوصت الدراسة بتوظيف مهارات ما وراء المعرفة في تدريس المرحلة الأساسية وضرورة اعداد برنامج تدريبي قبل وأثناء الخدمة للتدريب على كيفية استخدام وتطبيق مهارات ما وراء المعرفة في تدريس الرياضيات لتنمية التحصيل الدراسي.
تقدير الحاجة إلى ممارسة القيادة التوزيعية في الجامعات الأردنية الرسمية
Authors: Amro Rasha , Al-kaylani Anmar
Published: October 2023

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة إلى تقدير الحاجة إلى ممارسة القيادة التوزيعية في الجامعات الأردنية الرسمية من وجهة نظر القيادات التربوية فيها.
المنهجية: تَمَّ استخدام المنهج المسحي الوصفي، وتطوير استبانة مُكَوَّنة مِن (61) فقرة، مُوَزَّعة على أربعة مجالات، وَتَمَّ التأكد مِن صِدقِها وثباتِها، ثُمَّ تطبيقها على عينة الدراسة البالغ عددها (1122) من القيادات التربوية.
النتائج: أظهرت النتائج أَنَّ درجة حاجة الجامعات الأردنية الرسمية لممارسة القيادة التوزيعية جاءت متوسطة، إذ جاء بالمرتبة الأولى المجال الثالث "المسؤولية المشتركة"، ثُمَّ المجال الثاني "الثقافة التنظيمية"، تلاه المجال الرابع "الممارسات القيادية"، ثُمَّ المجال الأول "‎الرؤية والرسالة والأهداف‎"، كما بَيَّنَت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند (‏α=0.05‎‏) في استجابات عينة الدراسة لمجالات درجة ‏الحاجة ‏‏‏تُعزى لِمُتَغَيِّر الجنس، وعدم وجود فروق ‏‏‏تُعزى ‏لمتغير الوظيفة عدا مجال الرؤية والرسالة ‏والأهداف، إذ كانت الفروق لصالح العميد ونائب العميد مُقارَنَةً برئيس القسم، بالإضافة إلى عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية ‏‏‏تُعزى ‏ لِمُتَغَيِّر الرتبة الأكاديمية عدا مجال الممارسة القيادية، إذ كانت الفروق لصالح الأستاذ مقارنةً بالأستاذ المساعد والأستاذ المشارك.
الخلاصة: توصي الدراسة بتوفير المتطلبات الأساسية لممارسة القيادة التوزيعية في الجامعات الأردنية الحكومية، وعقد دورات تدريبية وورشات عمل للقادة الجامعيين؛ لتعريفهم بمبادئ القيادة التوزيعية، وآليات تطبيقها في المجال التربوي.