bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementacja modelu kształcenia nauczycieli przedszkoli i edukacji wczesnoszkolnej w Polsce
Authors: Surma Barbara
Published: July 2021

Reforma szkolnictwa wyższego w Polsce zmienia system i standardy kształcenia nauczycieli przedszkoli i edukacji wczesnoszkolnej. Od opublikowania w 2019 roku „Rozporządzenia Ministra Nauki  i Szkolnictwa Wyższego w sprawie standardu kształcenia przygoto-wującego do wykonywania zawodu nauczyciela” (Dz.U. 2019 poz. 1450), zaczęto wprowadzać zmiany, które obejmują przeniesienie procesu kształcenia nauczycieli z systemu dwuetapowego na system jednolitych studiów magisterskich. Zmiany w systemie kształcenia zostały poprzedzone opracowaniem modelu kształcenia oraz wdrażaniem programów w ramach projektów dofinansowanych ze środków europejskich. Celem tego artykułu jest przybliżenie i ocena założeń „Propozycji modelu kształcenia nauczycieli przedszkolnych i wczesnoszkolnych” (z roku 2018) na przykładzie implementacji projektu zatytułowanego „Eksperymentalny program  kształcenia  nauczycieli przedszkoli i edukacji wczesnoszkolnej w Akademii Ignatianum w Krakowie” oraz wskazanie istotnych różnic między wstępnymi założeniami, które obecnie są wdrażane w formie eksperymentu na kilku uczelniach, a obowiązującymi od 2019 roku ministerialnymi wytycznymi. Po krótkim wprowadzeniu i nakreśleniu aktualnej sytuacji wskazano główne przyczyny, jakimi kierowano się w opracowaniu nowych wytycznych, które zostały ocenione. Zmiany w procesie kształcenia nauczycieli mają przyczynić się do podniesienia jakości ich przygotowania, co zostało uwzględnione w obu wspomnianych i analizowanych dokumentach.
PENENTUAN KANDUNGAN LEMAK DAN KOMPOSISI ASAM-ASAM LEMAK PADA BAGIAN BADAN IKAN GABUS (Channa striata) BUDIDAYA DAN LIAR
Authors: Umage Alvy M. , Pontoh Julius , Momuat Lidya I.
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penentuan kandungan lemak dan komposisi asam-asam lemak pada bagian badan ikan gabus (Channa striata) budidaya dan liar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa kandungan lemak dan komposisi asam lemak pada bagian badan ikan gabus (Channa striata) budidaya dan liar. Kandungan lemak dilakukan menggunakan metode ektraksi dan diperoleh kandungan lemak bagian badan ikan gabus budidaya 0,07% dan ikan gabus liar 0,01%. Lemak ikan diderivatisasi dan dianalisis menggunakan kromatografi gas dan diperoleh komposisi asam lemak tertinggi pada bagian badan ikan gabus budidaya adalah asam lemak oleat 37,1% diikuti  dan diikuti oleh asam lemak palmitat 25,6% sedangkan asam lemak tertinggi pada bagian badan ikan gabus liar adalah asam lemak palmitat 28,6% dan diikuti asam lemak oleat 16,9%. Kandungan asam lemak omega-3 pada bagian badan ikan gabus budidaya 5,6% dan ikan gabus liar 9,0%. Kata kunci: Asam lemak, ikan gabus budidaya dan liar, kromatografi gas  ABSTRACT Determination of fat content and composition of fatty acids in the body of snakehead (Channa striata) from cultivated and wild sources. This study aims to determine how much fat content and composition fatty acids in the body of snakehead (Channa striata) from cultivated and wild sources. The fat content were carried out using the extraction method. The fat content of cultured snakehead body was 0.07% and that of wild fish was 0.01%. Fish fats were derivatized and analyzed using gas chromatography and the highest fatty acid composition on the body of cultivated snakehead fish is 37.1% oleic fatty acids followed by 25.6% palmitic fatty acids while the highest fatty acid in the body of a wild snakehead fish is 28.6% palmitic fatty acid and followed by 16.9% oleic fatty acid. The content of omega-3 fatty acids in the body of cultivated snakehead fish is 5.6% and 9.0% on wild snakehead fish. Keywords: Fatty acids, wild and cultivated snakehead fish, gas chromatography
UJI KUALITAS BAKASANG IKAN CAKALANG (KATSUWONUS PELAMIS) YANG ADA DI PASARAN BERDASARKAN PARAMETER FREE FATTY ACID (FFA) DAN PEROXIDE VALUE (PV)
Authors: Montolalu Gisella T. , Fatimah Feti , Kamu Vanda
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAK Bakasang adalah produk fermentasi yang dibuat dari jeroan ikan. Telah dilakukan penelitian uji kualitas bakasang ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) yang ada di pasaran berdasarkan parameter Free Fatty Acid (FFA) dan Peroxide value (PV). Bakasang yang digunakkan berasal dari empat tempat berbeda Sario, Tambala, Supermarket dan Karombasan. Bilangan peroksida tertinggi adalah bakasang yang dibeli di Supermarket 5,18 meq/kg dan yang terendah adalah bakasang yang dibeli di Tambala 3,88 meq/kg. Asam lemak bebas tertinggi adalah bakasang yang dibeli di Karombasan 2,13% dan yang terendah adalah bakasang yang dibeli di Sario 1,25%. ABSTRACT Bakasang is a fermented product made from fish innard. Research has been conducted of the quality of cakalang fish (Katsuwonus pelamis) on the market has been conducted based on the parameters of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) and Peroxide value (PV). Bakasang used are from four different places: Sario, Tambala, Supermarket and Karombasan. The highest peroxide number was bakasang purchased at 5.18 meq / kg Supermarket and the lowest was bakasang purchased at Tambala 3.88 meq / kg. The highest free fatty acid was bakasang which was bought in Karombasan 2.13% and the lowest was bakasang which was bought in Sario 1.25%.
SINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL COBALT FERRITE (CoFe2O4) DENGAN METODE KOPRESIPITASI DAN APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI FOTOKATALIS
Authors: Suaib Suaib , Aritonang Henry , Koleangan Harry S. J.
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang kemampuan fotokatalis nanopartikel CoFe2O4 dalam mendegradasi zat warna sintetik Methylene Blue (MB) menggunakan metode kopresipitasi. Nanopartikel tersebut dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dan spektroskopi UV-vis. Kemampuan fotokatalis dilakukan melalui penentuan konsentrasi Methylene Blue yang tersisa setelah waktu kontak nanopartikel CoFe2O4 dengan larutan Methylene Blue 5 ppm yang disinari sinar UV-A selama 30, 45, 60, 90 dan 120 menit.  Penentuan konsentrasi dihitung berdasarkan absorbansi yang didapatkan dari hasil pembacaan uji Spektrofotometri UV-vis lalu digunakan rumus menghitung % degradasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan fotokatalis paling baik adalah nanopartikel CoFe2O4 dengan nilai % degradasi untuk variasi waktu penyinaran 60 menit adalah sebesar 40,72 %. ABSTRACTA research on the ability of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles degradation of as photocatalyst to dyemethylene Blue(MB) synthetic using coprecipitation method. The nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The ability of the photocatalyst is done by determining the concentration of Methylene Blue residu after contact time of CoFe2O4 nanoparticleswith a solution of Methylene Blue 5 ppm irradiated UV-A for 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Determining the concentration is calculated based on the absorbance obtained from the results of analysis UV-vis spectrophotometry and then used a formula calculating the% degradation. The results showed that ability is the best photocatalyst CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with the value of% degradation for variations in exposure time of 60 minutes is equal to 40.72 %.
SINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL Ag/CoFe2O4 MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK DAUN BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis) DAN APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI FOTOKATALIS UNTUK MENDEGRADASI ZAT WARNA METHYLENE BLUE
Authors: Tjiang David , Aritonang Henry F. , Koleangan Harry S. J.
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang kemampuan fotodegradasi zat warna sintetik Methylene Blue dengan menggunakan nanopartikel Ag/CoFe2O4 dengan variasi perbandingan mol AgNO3:(Co(NO3)2.6H2O): (Fe(NO3)3.9H2O)= 0,3:0,7:2 dan jumlah ekstrak daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis) yang ditambahkan 10 mL. Material tersebut dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dan spektroskopi UV-vis. Kemampuan fotodegradasi dilakukan melalui penentuan konsentrasi Methylene Blue (konsentrasi awal 5 ppm) yang tersisa setelah berinteraksi dengan nanopartikel Ag/CoFe2O4 yang disinari sinar UV-A selama 30, 60, 120 dan 150 menit. Penentuan konsentrasi dihitung berdasarkan absorbansi yang didapatkan dari hasil pembacaan uji Spektrofotometri UV-vis, lalu digunakan rumus menghitung persen degradasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yang memiliki kemampuan fotodegradasi paling baik adalah nanopartikel Ag/CoFe2O4 (0,3 : 0,7 : 2) mol dengan waktu kontak 120 menit, yaitu dengan nilai persen degradasi sebesar 44,84 %. ABSTRACTA research on photodegradation ability Methylene Blue dye synthetic by using Ag/CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with a mole ratio variation AgNO3 : (Co(NO3)2.6H2O) : (Fe(NO3)3.9H2O)= 0,3:0,7:2 and the amount of binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis) leaf extract added 10 mL. These materials were characterized using X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and UV-vis Spectroscopy. Ability photodegradation done by determining the concentration of Methylene Blue is residue after the interaction with Ag/CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with irradiated UV-A for 30, 60, 120 and 150 minutes. Determining the concentration is calculated based on the absorbance obtained from the results of the analysis of UV-vis Spectrophotometry and then used a formula calculating the percent degradation. The results showed that the ability is best photodegradation Ag/CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (0,3: 0,7: 2) moles with a contact time of 120 minutes with a degradation value of 44.84%.
KINETIKA FOTODEGRADASI METILEN BIRU OLEH CAHAYA TAMPAK MENGGUNAKAN KOMPOSIT AG3PO4/AG/HAP DARI TULANG IKAN KAKAP MERAH (Lutjanus sp.) DENGAN PERLAKUAN ASAM
Authors: Bando Reksih Evander , Wuntu Audy D. , Aritonang Henry
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang kinetika fotodegradasi pewarna sintetik metilen biru menggunakan material komposit yang dihasilkan dari tulang ikan kakap merah (Lutjanus sp.) terkalsinasi pada suhu 600-1000 oC. Tulang ikan terkalsinasi direaksikan dengan asam dan AgNO3 kemudian digunakan dalam kajian kinetika fotodegradasi. Sejumlah komposit diiteraksikan dengan larutan metilen biru dengan variasi waktu antara 2-180 menit di bawah radiasi sinar tampak dan konsentrasi metilen biru yang tersisa ditentukan dengan spektorfotometer uv-vis. Data dianalisis menurut model kinetika orde ke-1 dan ke-2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fotodegradasi metilen biru berlangsung mengikuti model kinetika orde ke-2. ABSTRACTMethylene blue photodegradation kinetics using materials synthesized from red snapper (Lutjanus sp.) bones calcined at 600-1000 oC has been investigated. Calcined bones were reacted with acid and AgNO3and were used in photodegradation kinetics study. Composites were interacted with methylene blue solutions for a periode of time in a range of 2–180 min under visible light and the dye remained in the solutions was determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Data obtained were analyzed using first and second order kinetics model. The results showed that methylene blue was photodegraded by the composites under visible light according to the second order kinetics model.
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI NANOPARTIKEL CuFe2O4 SERTA APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI
Authors: Lasera Almendo G. , Aritonang Henry , Koleangan Harry
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAKNanopartikel CuFe2O4 disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi. Material yang telah disintesis, kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) dan Xray-Diffraction (XRD) serta di uji aktifitasnya sebagai antibakteri dengan menggunakan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positif) dan Escherichia coli (Gram negatif). Hasil citra SEM memperlihatkan morfologi nanopartikel CuFe2O4 berbentuk persegi yang tidak beraturan. Difraktogram XRD menunjukkan bahwa ukuran sampel CuFe2O4 yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 20,136 nm. Uji aktifitas antibakteri yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa, nanopartikel CuFe2O4  jauh lebih baik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli dibandingkan dengan bakteri S.aureus, masing-masing 24 mm dan 6,5 mm. ABSTRACTCuFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using the coprecipitation method. The synthesized material was then characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Xray-Difraction (XRD) and tested as antibacterial activity using Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative) bacteria. SEM imaging showed morphology of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles shaped like a rod. XRD diffractogram showed that the size of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles that obtained at 20.13 nm. The antibacterial activity test that has been done shows, CuFe2O4 nanoparticles are much better in inhibiting the growth of E. coli bacteria compared with S. aureus bacteria, 24 mm and 6,5 respertivelly.
KARAKTERISASI FISIKOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SERAT PANGAN DARI AMPAS EMPULUR SAGU BARUK (Arenga Microcarpha B.)
Authors: . Nova , Suryanto Edi , Momuat Lidya I.
Published: July 2021

Telah dilakukan pengujian potensi aktivitas antioksidan serat pangan dari ampas empulur sagu baruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi antioksidan dari ampas empulur sagu baruk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ampas empulur sagu baruk tidak mengalami perubahan mendasar pada komponen utama selama penggilingan ditunjukkan pada hasil spektra Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR). Hasil analisis Particle Size Analysis (PSA) menunjukkan ukuran partikel dari ampas empulur sagu baruk sebesar 92,89 µm. Analisis X-ray Difraction (XRD) menunjukkan adanya karakteristik dari selulosa yang merupakan bagian dari serat pangan tak larut. Hasil pengujian serat pangan didapatkan bahwa ampas empulur sagu baruk memiliki serat pangan total sebesar 68,71% yang meliputi 66,58% serat pangan tak larut dan 2,12% serat pangan larut. Kadar serat pangan tak larut meliputi kadar selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin yaitu 50,7%; 29,16%; dan 11,67% secara berturut-turut. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan metode DPPH dari ekstrak fenolik terikat (EFT) dan fenolik bebas (EFB) ampas empulur sagu baruk menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 66,20% EFB dan 50,97% EFT. Adapun kemampuan penangkal ion nitrit dari sampel ampas sagu baruk kering angin memiliki potensi menangkal ion nitrit sebesar 55,20% EFB dan 50,15% EFT.ABSTRACT Potential antioxidant activity of food fiber from barley sago pith pulp has been tested. This research studies the antioxidant potential of barley sago pith pulp. Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR). The results showed the fact that the barley sago pith pulp did not change the basis of the main components during grinding evaluating the spectral results. The results of the analysis of Particle Size Analysis (PSA) showed that the particle size of the pith sago waste was 92.89 μm. X-ray Difraction (XRD) analysis shows the characteristics of cellulose which is part of insoluble dietary fiber. Food fiber test results were obtained from barley sago pith pulp having a total food fiber of 68.71% which contained 66.58% insoluble food fiber and 2.12% soluble food fiber. Insoluble dietary fiber content includes cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin levels that is 50.7%; 29.16%; and 11.67% consistently. The results of testing the antioxidant activity of DPPH method from phenolic extracts (EFT) and free phenolic (EFB) barley pith pulp showed antioxidant activity of 66.20% EFB and 50.97% EFT. Whereas the ability to prevent nitrite ions from dried barago sago pulp samples has the ability to counteract nitrite ions by 55.20% EFB and 50.15% EFT.
KOMPOSISI KIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI PARING KELAPA (COCOS NUCIFERA)
Authors: Karepu Meifry Gavrila , Suryanto Edi , Momuat Lidya I.
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi secara kimia dan menentukan aktivitas antioksidan dari paring kelapa yang diekstraksi dengan masing-masing pelarut petroleum eter (PPE) dan etanol (PET). Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu mikronisasi, karakterisasi, dan ekstraksi. Parameter yang digunakan adalah komposisi proksimat, serat kasar, serat pangan, kandungan hemiselulosa, selulosa, lignin, aktivitas antioksidan, dan kapasitas penangkal nitrit. Hasil karakterisasi secara kimia menunjukkan tepung paring kelapa yang diekstraksi dengan pelarut petroleum eter mengandung komposisi kimia seperti air (6,99%), abu (0,85%), lemak (3,61%), protein (10,39%), serat pangan tak larut (78,27%), serat pangan terlarut (2,66%), serat pangan total (80,93%), hemiselulosa (25,38%), selulosa (39,15%) dan lignin (24,55%). PET mengandung air (7,14%), abu (1,03%), lemak (6,05%), protein (9,85%), serat pangan tak larut (73,795%), serat pangan terlarut (2,53%), serat pangan total (76,32%), hemiselulosa (20,97%), selulosa (35,14%) dan lignin (32,07%). ­ Hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan bahwa PET memiliki ekstrak fenolik bebas (92,16%) tertinggi diikuti oleh ekstrak fenolik terikat PPE (87,75%), ekstrak fenolik bebas PPE (85,07%) dan ekstrak fenolik terikat PET (81,90%). ABSTRACT The objectives of this research were to characterize the physicochemical properties and to determine the antioxidant activity of coconut testa dietary fiber. The research consisted of 3 stages: micronization, characterization, and extraction. The evaluate parameters were proximate composition, crude fiber, dietary fiber, hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, antioxidant activity, and nitrate-scavenging capacity. Chemical characterization results showed that coconut testa powder has chemical compositions such as water (6,99%), ash (0,85%), fat (3,61%), protein (10,39%), carbohydrate (48,75%), insoluble dietary fiber (78,27%), soluble dietary fiber (2,66%), total dietary fiber (80,93%), hemicellulose (25,38%), cellulose (39,15%) and lignin (24,55%). PET contains water (7.14%), ash (1.03%), fat (6.05%), protein (9.85%), insoluble food fiber (73.795%), dissolved food fiber (2.53 %), total food fiber (76.32%), hemicellulose (20.97%), cellulose (35.14%) and lignin (32.07%). Antioxidant activity assay showed that free phenolic extract of PET had highest (92.16%) followed by bound phenolic extract of PPE (87.75%), free phenolic extract of PPE (85.07%) and bound phenolic extract of PET (81.90 %).
AKTIVITAS ANTIINFLAMASI EKSTRAK AIR TEPUNG PELEPAH AREN (Arenga pinnata)
Authors: Onggeteua Fita M. , Sangi Meiske S. , Wuntu Audy D.
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antiinflamasi dari beberapa dosis ekstrak fraksi air tepung pelepah aren terhadap tikus putih galur wistar (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang diinduksi karagenan berdasarkan nilai persen inhibisi radang. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengujian antiinflamasi adalah dengan induksi karagenin 1% sebanyak 0,5 mL pada telapak kaki belakang hewan uji 1 jam sebelum perlakuan terhadap tikus diberikan secara peroral. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dosis yang paling bagus dalam menghambat inflamasi yaitu dosis 30% dimana mempunyai nilai persen inhibisi udem lebih tinggi dari kontrol positif (Na-diklofenak). Pada uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov, data persen inhibisi udem pada semua kelompok uji dari jam 1 sampai ke 6 terdistribusi normal (ρ≥ 0.05). Pada uji Homogenitas Levene, data persen inhibisi udem pada semua kelompok uji dari jam 1 sampai ke 6 terdistribusi homogen (ρ≥ 0.05). Pada uji One-way ANOVA, nilai signifikan dari persentase inhibisi udem jam ke-1 sampai jam ke-6 yaitu berbeda secara bermakna (ρ≤0,05). Pada uji BNT (LSD), dosis 30% memiliki nilai signifikan (ρ≤ 0.05). Sedangkan dosis 20% dan 25% tidak memiliki nilai signifikan. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa data persen inhibisi udem telapak kaki tikus dengan dosis 30% berbeda secara bermakna.The present  study aimed to discuss the anti-inflammatory activity of several doses of extract of water fraction of palm sugar flour on rats of Wistar (Rattus norvegicus L.) strain induced carrageenan based on percent inhibitory inflammation values. The method used to test anti-inflammatory is by induction of caragenin 1% by 0.5 mL on the soles of the test animal's feet 1 hour before evaluation of rats given orally. The results showed that the best dose against inflammation was the 30% dose which had a higher percent inhibition value than positive control (Na-diclofenac). In the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, percent data inhibited in all test groups from 1 to 6 hours were normally distributed (ρ≥0.05). In the Levene Homogeneity test, percent inhibition data in all test groups from 1 to 6 hours were homogeneously distributed (ρ≥0.05). In the One-way ANOVA test, the significant value of the percentage of inhibition of the 1st to 6th hour edema was different from the contribution (ρ≤0.05). In the LSD test (LSD), a dose of 30% has a significant value (ρ≤0.05). While the doses of 20% and 25% have no significant value. Then it can be concluded that the percent data inhibits rat foot edema at a dose of 30% significantly different.
SINTESIS NANOKOMPOSIT Nata de coco/TiO2/Ag DAN EFEKTIVITASNYA SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Tinentang Heriyanto , Aritonang Henry F , Koleangan Harry S. J.
Published: July 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang kemampuan aktivitas anti bakteri untuk bakteri Staphylococcus aureus (gram positif) dan Escherichia coli (gram negatif) dengan menggunakan nanokomposit nata de coco/TiO2, nata de coco/Ag, dan nata de coco/TiO2/Ag dengan variasi konsentrasi Ag 0,5 M; 0,6 M; 0,7 M; 0,8 M dan 0,9 M  menggunakan metode reduksi kimia. Nanopartikel tersebut dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy  (SEM-EDS) dan anti bakteri. Untuk uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode kertas cakram dan dilakukan sebanyak dua kali ulangan untuk tiap-tiap sampel dan bakteri yang diuji. Hasil penelitian menunjukan, aktivitas anti bakteri nanokomposit yang paling baik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri adalah nanokomposit Nata de coco/TiO2/Ag mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichiacoli dan Staphylococcusaureus, namun nanokomposit tersebut lebih efektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichiacoli.ABSRACT Research on the ability of anti-bacterial activity for Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive) and Escherichia coli (gram negative) bacteria using nata de coco / nanocomposites TiO2, nata de coco / Ag, and nata de coco / TiO2 / Ag with variations of Ag 0,5 M; 0.6 M; 0.7 M; 0.8 M and 0.9 M using the chemical reduction method. Nanoparticles were characterized using X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spctroscopy  (SEM-EDS) and anti-bacterial actvity. Test the antibacterial activity using the paper disc method and repeated two times for each sample and bacteria tested. The results showed that the good anti-bacterial activity of nanocomposites in inhibiting bacterial growth was nanocomposite nata de coco /TiO2/Ag  able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and S. aureus, but the nanocomposite is more effective in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia  coli bacteria.
KARAKTERISASI SERAT PANGAN DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI TEPUNG KULIT KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Palente Ivon , Suryanto Edi , Momuat Lidya Irma
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan aktivitas antioksidan serat pangan dari tepung kulit kakao yang diekstraksi menggunakan gelombang ultrasonik dengan perbedaan pelarut. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 tahap yaitu mikronisasi, ekstraksi dan karakterisasi. Hasil karakterisasi secara fisik tepung kulit kakao tanpa perlakuan (KKTP), yang diekstraksi dengan aquades (KKA) dan etanol (KKE) dengan Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) tidak mengalami perubahan mendasar pada komponen utama setelah proses penggilingan dan ekstraksi secara sonikasi. Hasil difraksi sinar-X menunjukkan derajat kristalinitas KKTP (55,58%) lebih besar daripada KKA (54,24%) dan KKE (53,48%). Hasil karakterisasi secara kimia menunjukkan kandungan air KKTP lebih tinggi dari KKA dan KKE, kandungan protein, karbohidrat dan lignin KKA lebih tinggi dari KKTP dan KKE. Sedangkan kandungan abu, lemak, serat pangan tak larut, serat pangan terlarut, total serat pangan, hemiselulosa dan selulosa KKE lebih tinggi dari KKTP dan KKA. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan ekstrak fenolik terikat KKTP (88,38%), KKA (90,61%) dan KKE (92,78%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak fenolik bebas KKTP (86,85%), KKA (88,19%) dan KKE (90,04%). Adapun kapasitas penangkal nitrit menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak fenolik terikat KKTP (40,28%), KKA (55,90%) dan KKE (67,92%) lebih besar dibandingkan ekstrak fenolik bebas KKTP (34,84%), KKA (53,22%) dan KKE (64,63%). ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics and antioxidant activity of dietary fiber from cocoa husk flour extracted using ultrasonic waves with different solvents. This research consists of 3 stages, namely micronization, extraction and characterization. The results of the physical characterization of untreated cocoa husk flour (KKTP), which was extracted with distilled water (KKA) and ethanol (KKE) with Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) did not experience any fundamental changes in the main components after milling and sonication extraction. The results of X-ray diffraction showed that the degree of crystallinity of KKTP (55.58%) was greater than that of KKA (54.24%) and KKE (53.48%). The results of chemical characterization showed that the air content of KKTP was higher than KKA and KKE, the protein, carbohydrate and lignin content of KKA was higher than KKTP and KKE. Meanwhile, the content of ash, fat, insoluble dietary fiber, soluble dietary fiber, total dietary fiber, hemicellulose and KKE cellulose were higher than KKTP and KKA. The antioxidant test results showed that KKTP (88.38%), KKA (90.61%) and KKE (92.78%) phenolic extracts were higher than KKTP-free phenolic extracts (86.85%), KKA (88.19) % ) and KKE (90.04%). The nitrite antidote capacity showed that the phenolic extract supported KKTP (40.28%), KKA (55.90%) and KKE (67.92%) greater than KKTP-free phenolic extract (34.84%), KKA (53, 22%) and KKE (64.63%).
Cover & Daftar Isi
Authors: JURNAL ILMIAH EKONOMI BISNIS - EJOURNAL JURNAL ILMIAH EKONOMI BISNIS - EJOURNAL
Published: July 2021

Cover & Daftar Isi
ANALISIS PENERAPAN PRINSIP 5C UNTUK MEMINIMALISIR KREDIT MACET PADA PT. MANDALA MULTIFINANCE Tbk, CABANG MARTAPURA
Authors: Ayu Irma Fakhrinie
Published: July 2021

Abstrak : Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penerapan prinsip 5C dalam pemberian kredit pada PT. Mandala Multifinance Tbk, Cabang Martapura selama ini dan untuk mengetahui penerapan prinsip 5C dalam pemberian kredit yang seharusnya dilakukan pada PT. Mandala Multifinance Tbk, Cabang Martapura selama ini. Kemudian penerapan prinsip 5C dalam pemberian kredit pada PT. Mandala Multifinance Tbk, Cabang Martapura yang dapat meminimalisir kredit macet dan untuk mengetahui penerapan prinsip 5C dalam pemberian kredit yang seharusnya dilakukan pada PT. Mandala Multifinance Tbk, Cabang Martapura yang dapat meminimalisir kredit macet.

Metode yang digunakan adalah secara data kualitatif, kualitatif adalah data yang diwujudkan dalam menggambarkan penjelasan dalam perusahaan.  Data kualitatif pada penelitian ini meliputi : data laporan kredit macet periode 2014 – 2018, data lampiran formulir pemberian kredit dan syarat – syarat untuk pengajuan kredit. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analisa deskriptif kualitatif.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam penerapan prinsip 5C dalam pemberian kredit dan untuk meminimalisir kredit macet pada PT. Mandala Multifinance Tbk, Cabang Martapura masih belum efektif dikarenakan dalam penerapan 5C masih terdapat kekurangan dalam analisis yang dilakukan untuk pemberian kredit.

Kata kunci : Analisis Penerapan 5C, Meminimalsir Kredit Macet, PT.  Mandala Multifinance Tbk, Cabang Martapura.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF MICRONEEDLING WITH MESO SOLUTION VERSUS MICRONEEDLING ALONE IN TREATMENT OF RECALCITRANT MELASMA: A SPLIT FACE STUDY.
Authors: Pooja Pooja , Kaur Tejinder , Malhotra Suresh
Published: July 2021

Melasma is a common yet difcult condition to treat. In current study, we compared the efcacy and safety of microneedling with mesosolution
(glutathione, ascorbic acid and pyruvic acid) and microneedling alone in fty cases of recalcitrant melasma. The sides of face were randomly
assigned to Side A and B. On Side A, only microneedling was done and over side B, patients were treated with microneedling along with
mesosolution. On side A, mean percentage reduction in MASI score from baseline was 17.81%, 22.01% and 19.58 % at 4, 12 and 20 weeks
respectively. While on side B, there was 23.98%, 33.98% and 34.22% reduction (p value = 0.001). Addition of mesosolution along with
microneedling resulted in signicantly superior results.
NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA-A CAUSE FOR NON HEALING SURGICAL WOUNDS
Authors: Koshy Jency Maria , John Joseph , Verghese Joy Jason , Mathew Tony
Published: July 2021

Background: Non Tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) are also referred to as atypical mycobacteria which are ubiquitous in the environment and
can cause colonization and infection in health care settings.
Aims and Objectives: We looked at all the patients who had surgical site infection with non tuberculous bacteria from January 2016 to December
2019.
Results: There were 4 patients with NTM isolated from surgical site infection. All of them had hernia surgery with mesh insitu done elsewhere.
Removal of mesh was done in each of these cases and they were given Inj Amikacin, Tab levooxacin and Tab Clarithromycin to which all of them
responded.
Conclusion: Non tuberculous mycobacterial infections should be considered in surgical site infections which are not responding to conventional
antibiotics. The morbidity associated with these infections can be prevented by following strict sterilization protocols, early detection and
treatment using appropriate antibiotics and surgery.
A Minimal Capacitor Modular Converter for Ultra-Dense Power Conversion
Authors: Gupta Mahima
Published: July 2021

Modular multilevel power electronic converters are considered an increasingly critical family of converters for myriad high voltage high power applications. With the ever-growing emphasis on electrification of the economy, they play a crucial role in serving energy sources and loads whose electrical ratings go beyond the ratings of the conventional power electronic building blocks. In particular, modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology enjoy its dominance in such applications due to modularity, scalability, performance and fault-tolerance capability. However, the MMC topology design imposes low-frequency ac components on the module capacitors and thus is inhibited by the capacitor size. Capacitor sizing plays a significant role in the overall system’s size, cost and reliability. This paper introduces a minimal capacitor module based topology for DC to three-phase AC conversion. The unique design feature of the module includes minimal capacitor requirement due to elimination of single-phase ac power processing requirements. Together with improved power density, reduction of capacitor size permits the use of only film capacitors thus eliminating the weakest link of the overall system. Along with the step-by-step analytical derivation of the proposed approach, the paper presents detailed simulation studies, comparative analysis and experimental results from a proof-of-concept laboratory-scale prototype.
Fault detection Automation in Distributed Control Systems using Data-driven methods: SVM and KNN
Authors: Ahmadi Seyed Hossein
Published: July 2021

Fault diagnostic methods with fuzzy
logic methods, SVM, KNN and artificial intelligence systems have been used in
complex systems such as wind turbines, gas turbines, power distribution
systems, power transformers and rotary machines, but in the specific field of
distributed control systems, the vacancy of this topic is strongly felt. Due to
the need of the industry to detect faults quickly and in a timely manner in all
modes of sensors, actuators, outputs and control logics to maintain expensive, valuable
resources, important and complex equipment, it is very necessary to enter this
topic. In this paper, a suitable theoretical and practical basis for diagnosing
various types of faults in the DCS of a gas refinery is done. The fact that the
operator quickly identifies the area and the cause of the fault can avoid huge
losses in terms of downtime. Automation of fault diagnosis in DCS has not been
explicitly mentioned in any article or book, and here the plan is presented for
the first time. In this design, we connect MATLAB
classification apps to the industrial system like DCS, then data are analyzed
by SVM and KNN methods to detect faults. The results show that faults can be
detected with a probability of more than 85% accuracy without the need for
on-site expert force and with much less time.
Digitális természetföldrajz és virtuális tájrégészet : A Vaskapu-szoros várrendszerének rekonstrukciója a Covid-19 járvány idején
Authors: Snider Jason
Published: July 2021

A Vaskapu-szoros folyami szurdokvölgyét a Kárpátok és a Balkán hegylánc találkozása alakította ki, ezen a helyen a szirtek meredeken szakadnak alá a Dunába. Földrajzi viszonyai miatt a vidék több különböző korszakban is határterületként működött, jelen cikk történelmi kerete kimondottan az 1429 és kb. 1435 közötti időszakot öleli fel, amikor a helyi várrendszer a Német Lovagrend irányítása alá került, hogy segítsenek megóvni a Magyar Királyságot egy közelgő török támadástól. A Német Lovagrend feladata a katonai hadjáratokban való részvétel, Zsigmond király célja pedig a II. Murád szultán (1404–1451) vezette ottomán seregek további terjeszkedésének megfékezése volt, ennek részeként használta fel katonai erőként a lovagrend idevezényelt különítményét. Akkortájt maga a Duna is határfolyamként választotta el a Magyar Királyságot és az újonnan török fennhatóság alá vont jobbparti területeket. Jelen cikk központi motívuma a tájrégészet hagyományos módszereinek alkalmazása a Vaskapu-szoros várrendszerének katonai szempontú elemzéséhez – a jelenleg zajló Covid-19 válság nyomán bevezetett utazási és egyéb korlátozások alatt –, újabb kutatási irányvonalakkal kiegészítve.
The Mesolithic Research of a Decade: Early Holocene Settlements in Transdanubia
Authors: Marton Tibor , Kertész Róbert , Eichmann William J.
Published: July 2021

Despite the promising research trends of the last decades, it is striking that traces of Mesolithic settlements have only rarely come to light in the Carpathian Basin so far. The area of Transdanubia is not an exception. With the cooperation of three institutes, a research program was launched in 2003 with the aim of discovering new find places of the period, as well as re-evaluating finds that had been taken to museums earlier and classified as Mesolithic. The field surveys revealed Early Holocene sites in the South-East Transdanubian region in the valley of the Kapos and Koppány Rivers, mainly in the outskirts of Kaposhomok and Regöly. The sites mainly came to light on the island-like reliefs elevating only a few meters from the present-day floodplain. The dating of the surface finds, especially chipped stone artefacts, was primarily based on the geometric microliths, which contain asymmetric triangles, segments, and trapezes. We could even reveal Mesolithic finds within stratigraphic position at the site of Regöly 2, where the remains of a domestic structure also came to light.
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 TAHUN 2020
Authors: Wulandhari Yopi
Published: July 2021

The education system in Indonesia is undergoing a slight change due to the Covid-19 virus outbreak. To prevent the spread of the virus, learning at higher education institutions that were initially face-to-face was shifted to online learning methods. The existence of changes in this learning system will affect the learning motivation of students which in turn will also affect learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between student learning motivation during the Covid-19 pandemic and learning outcomes at the Indragiri Midwifery Academy. This study is an analytic study with a cross-sectional approach (cross-sectional). The independent variable in this study is learning motivation and the dependent variable is learning outcomes. The sample in this study were 38 midwifery students at the Indragiri Midwifery Academy. Sampling with total sampling. Motivation data collection using questionnaires presented in the form of google foam and learning outcomes from the Student Study Results Card (KHS). The results showed that student learning motivation during the Covid-19 pandemic was in the moderate category as many as 32 people (84.2%), while learning outcomes in the poor category were 21 people (55.3%). Analysis of data using statistical test Chy Square test with data processing using SPSS 17.0 obtained p-value 0.378. Thus it can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between the learning motivation of midwifery students during the Covid-19 epidemic and learning outcomes at the Indragiri Midwifery Academy
EFEKTIVITAS PEPAYA (Carica Papaya L) TERHADAP KELANCARAN PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU MENYUSUI
Authors: Wilda Ifni , Sarlis Nelfi
Published: July 2021

Breast milk is breast milk that contains optimal nutrition, both in quantity and quality, however,  in fact, the coverage of breast milk in Indonesia is not in accordance with the expected target, namely  80%, like in 2011 the coverage of breast milk in Indonesia was 61.50%. Young papaya is a natural plant  acts as a lactogum because it can increase and facilitate the production of breast milk. The purpose of this research  is to determine the effectiveness of young papaya (carica papaya L) on the smooth production of mother's milk  breastfeeding. This type of research used quantitative with quasi experiments. This research conducted in  The working area of ​​Puskesmas Sentajo Raya Teluk Kuantan in 2020. The population in this study were all mothers  81 breastfeeding children under 6 months of age who are in the Work Area  Sentajo Raya Puskesmas and a sample of 15 people. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling.  Univariate and bivariate data analysis Bivariate analysis was performed using thetest Wilcoxon. Research result  It was found that the effectiveness of young papaya on the smooth production of breast milk, with a p value <α, namely 0.001  <(0.05). It is recommended to health workers at the Sentajo Raya puskesmas to increase knowledge  regarding non-pharmacological therapy in increasing breast milk production, especially the effectiveness of young papaya against  smoothness of breast milk in nursing mothers.
Economia Informal, Espaço Público e Territórios dos Camelôs em Mossoró (RN)
Authors: Sousa Erik Albino de , Beserra Fábio Ricardo Silva
Published: July 2021

Neste trabalho, a análise recai sobre o território usado pelos camelôs no bairro Centro, em Mossoró (RN), seus conflitos, indisposições e as relações de poder desenvolvidas. Abordar a dinâmica territorial dos camelôs diz respeito ao desenvolvimento e à espacialização de agentes incluídos de forma precária no sistema econômico vigente como um ato de resistência. Como metodologia foram realizadas a revisão bibliográfica, analisando investigações acerca dos espaços públicos, a produção e o uso dos territórios a partir da dinâmica da economia urbana; o levantamento de dados, fundamentado na coleta de elementos secundários e primários, baseado na pesquisa em órgãos públicos e privados, com aplicação de questionários e entrevistas a  diferentes agentes envolvidos nesse processo; e, através das pesquisas de campo in locu, observou-se como essa fração da realidade se materializa no cotidiano. Desse modo, foi possível perceber uma íntima relação entre camelôs e demais agentes do espaço numa dinâmica contraditória que sobrevive entre a solidariedade e o conflito, entre a colaboração e a disputa pelasobrevivência.
Potentials of Augmented Reality in a BIM based building submission process
Authors: Schranz Christian , Urban Harald , Gerger Alexander
Published: July 2021

The digital transformation in the construction industry, which is also referred to as Construction 4.0, is gaining impact in recent years. BIM as the central point for model-based planning and communication is at the centre of this development. This paves the way for the implementation of further technologies, such as augmented reality (AR) or artificial intelligence (AI) in the construction process. However, the submission process currently receives little attention in the BIM project cycle, even though it has a significant impact on a building project. There is a huge potential for the application of BIM and AR in the building submission process. BIM allows partly automatic compliance checks to be performed. The BIM model and the results of these checks can be used as basis for the AR model. This paper investigates an application for AR in a BIM submission process. Here we show that especially the plan check process and hearings in the approval process can be improved and sped up by combining BIM and the visualization technology of AR. In this process, AR can support the building authority in checking the compliance with building regulations. Additionally, non-experts involved often have problems grasping the planned building project just based on the technical 2D plans. In this case, AR helps them to visualise the impact of the planned project and allows for better judgement. Use-cases are presented, showing strategies to improve the plan check process and assist the building authority as well as the persons involved, for both experts as well as non-experts. Finally, the requirements, technical implementations, and effects of an AR application for the plan check process are described. An AR-supported plan checking process can vastly improve the presentation of technical content. This leads to better understanding and more transparency for non-experts. Because AR is relatively easy to use, it might become ubiquitous not only to experts, but also to the general public.
AN ANALYSIS OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING METHOD IN INTERPERSONAL INTELLIGENCES OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Ratnasari Eka Mei
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of project-based learning methods on the development of the interpersonal intelligence of preschool children. Subjects in this study were preschool children especially 4-5 years old. The subject consisted of two kindergartens in Yogyakarta Indonesia, the participants consisted of 31 children. Thus, the data were used as a quasi-experimental research design. The experimental group was taught with a project-based learning method while in the control group with conventional methods. The data collection was an observation sheet. The research data obtained were analyzed using the t-test in the SPSS.16 program to see the differences between the experimental group and the control group. The results showed that there is a significant influence of project-based learning methods toward the interpersonal intelligence of preschool children. The recommendation was provided to parents, academics, practitioners in the discussion that especially emphasized addressing the need to increase opportunities for the interpersonal intelligence of preschool children in good stimulation.
FPMD-FUNGAL PROMOTER MOTIF DATABASE: A DATABASE FOR THE OF THE PROMOTER MOTIFS REGIONS IN FUNGAL GENOMES
Authors: Sudheer Menon  , Shanmughavel piramanayakam  , Gopal Prasad Agarwal
Published: July 2021

Fungal promoter motif database is the collection of promoter motifs from fully sequenced fungal genomes. Promoter sequences and its frequency are analyzed by the positions of nucleotide sequence and its repetition. The fungal promoter motif database holds the promoter sequence motifs identified by genome wide motif discovery, similarity studies and clustering. These data sets are typically 6 to 10 bp long, that have been extracted from the promoter regions. These promoter regions extend from 1.5 kb upstream to 200bp downstream of a transcription start site. We believe that the availability of these promoter motifs will be a valuable resource for researchers for comparative sequence analysis and evolutionary studies.
PERANCANGAN JARINGAN MENGGUNAKAN ROUTER SWITCH CISCO PACKET TRACER PADA KANTOR DISKOMINFOTIK PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Zulkarnaen Isnaeni , Aliyah Jannatun
Published: July 2021

In the current era of globalization, technological developments are increasingly advanced, therefore human resources are required to be competent in various fields. To produce competent human resources. This study aims to design a computer network using a Cisco router switch at the West Nusa Tenggara Office of Information Communication and Statistics. The type of network designed refers to the LAN network (Local Area Network). This network design aims to facilitate IT personnel in completing work with stable and optimal signal strength with signals divided into each sub-sector. This research was conducted using qualitative methods by conducting direct observations in the field. The network development method used in this research is the NDLC (Network Development Life Cycle) method with the stages of analysis, design, simulation prototyping, implementation, monitoring, and management.
Pro-Life and Pro-Choice Contentions in Joyce Carol Oates’s: A Book of American Martyrs
Authors: Wang Weini
Published: July 2021

This thesis probes into the issue on pro-life and pro-choice contentions in Joyce Carol Oates’s: A Book of American Martyrs. Karl Marx explains how capitalists maneuver the deferred redemption intrinsic of religion per se to exploit and oppress workers and re-enforce capitalism proper. In the novel, the transformation of Luther and Gus provides a convincible account for Luther’s frenzy and Gus’s irreligion. This thesis discusses argues that the workers are unconsciously subjected to the governance of the dominant group via the conceptualization of religious ideology and religious culture industry. It should be condemned to impose one’s belief on the others, or even to commit murder ruthlessly in the name of God.
A Study of the Differences between Chinese and Western Addressing Terms in Sociolinguistics
Authors: Wang Ni
Published: July 2021

Language is an important aspect of a country’s culture. Various ethnicities use various addressing terms. This difference is due to the various social terms. As a result, English learners should pay attention to historical knowledge while learning a language in order to communicate effectively across cultures.
“War on Terror”: The Limitation of Representation of the Film
Authors: Gegen
Published: July 2021

History was always written by the winners. Despite the fact that the history of the War on Terror is relatively new, Hollywood is quick to develop a visual history of the conflict. Hollywood’s excellent realism aesthetics were successful in justifying the goal and method of the “war on terror,” interrupting ongoing reality to influence and reconstruct public memory about what happened. This dissertation will use three awarded and influential case studies: The Hurt Locker, Zero Dark Thirty and American Sniper to demonstrate the fragmentation of film representation, that the film only speaks for “us.” The dissertation aims to uncover the hidden political unawareness behind film representations, the manner in which those films provide limited versions of what happened, and how the films emphasise the self-subjectivity while objectifying the other.
Embedding Marxist Epistemology: A Contemporary Interpretation of Shao Yong’s Thought on “Observing Things”
Authors: Cao Dong
Published: July 2021

The cognition method of “observing things” by the famous Confucian, Shao Yong from the early Song Dynasty has an extremely broad and profound meaning. It overlaps and also has similarities with Marxist epistemology. This article attempts to examine it from the perspective of Marxist epistemology; beginning with the subject and object of knowledge, the method of knowledge, and the purpose of knowledge to interpret and reflect on Shao Yong’s thought of “observation.”