bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Differential Contribution of Field-dependent and Field-independent Cognitive Styles to Sociocognitive Transaction in Promoting Scientific Reasoning
Authors: Druyan Sara , Levin Iris
Published: March 2013

This study examines the influence of two types of conflict-arousing intervention on reasoning about speed among subjects with different cognitive styles. It focuses on the types of argumentations provided in sociocognitive transaction by field-dependent and field-independent subjects and on the role of such argumentations in cognitive change. A total of 360 6th, 8th, and 10th graders participated in four stages: individual pre-test; interventioninterpersonal conflict (created by sociocognitive transaction) or intrapersonal conflict (created by multiple-choice testing); immediate post-test: and delayed post-test. In each stage subjects dealt with speed problems involving both linear and rotational motions. Sociocognitive transaction was found to be efficacious in improving the understanding of the speed concept, especially for field-dependent subjects. Analyses of the cognitive and social aspects of the transaction discourse revealed that although field-independent subjects made a greater cognitive contribution, field-dependent subjects' contribution was closer to co-subjectivity. The results suggest that sociocognitive transaction is an appropriate learning environment in the subject of physics for fielddependent as well as field-independent subjects.
Effectiveness of Coping in Adolescence: The Case of Korean Examination Stress
Authors: Lee Meery , Larson Reed
Published: March 2013

This study tested the hypothesis that coping is related to a reduction in psychological distress and physical symptoms, as experienced by adolescents while enduring highly demanding examination stress. Using the university entrance examination stress faced by Korean adolescents, the study examined whether specific coping strategies for exam stress are related to psychological and physical adjustment and whether these strategies moderate the relationship between additional life event stress and adjustment. A sample of 358 Korean students in the 12th grade reported their level of additional life event stress, the coping strategies they were using to cope with exam and non-exam stress, and their levels of depression and physical symptoms. Problem-solving and information-seeking coping were found to be related to reduction in depression; however, emotional-discharge coping was related to increase in physical symptoms. Coping with exam stress was found to be related to adjustment and independent of the level of additional life event stress.
Orphan DNA: Indigenous samples, ethical biovalue and postcolonial science
Authors: Kowal Emma
Published: March 2013

Thousands of blood samples taken from Australia’s indigenous people lie in institutional freezers of the global North, the legacy of a half-century of scientific research. Since those collections were assembled, standards of ethical research practice have changed dramatically, leaving some samples in a state of dormancy. While some European and American collections are still actively used for genetic research, this practice is viewed as unethical by most Australian genetic researchers, who have closer relationships with indigenous Australians and postcolonial politics. For collections to be used ethically, they require a ‘guardian’ who has an ongoing and documented relationship with the donors, so that consent to further studies on samples can be negotiated. This affective and bureaucratic network generates ‘ethical biovalue’ such that a research project can satisfy Australian ethical review. I propose in this article that without ethical biovalue, collections become ‘orphan’ DNA, divorced from a guardian and often difficult to trace to their sources. Such samples are both orphaned and functionally sterile, unable to produce data, scientific articles, knowledge or prestige. This article draws on an ethnographic study of genetic researchers who are working in indigenous communities across Australia. I present tales of researchers’ efforts to generate ethical biovalue and their fears for succession; fears that extend to threats to destroy samples rather than see them orphaned, or worse, fall into the wrong hands. Within these material and affective networks, indigenous DNA morphs from biological sample to sacred object to political time bomb.
Kinematics of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ruptures in World Cup Alpine Skiing
Authors: Bere Tone , Mok Kam-Ming , Koga Hideyuki , Krosshaug Tron , Nordsletten Lars , Bahr Roald
Published: March 2013

Background:

Based on visual video analyses of 20 injury situations, the main mechanism of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in World Cup alpine skiing, termed the “slip-catch” mechanism, was identified. This situation is characterized by a common pattern in which the inside edge of the outer ski catches the snow surface while turning, forcing the knee into valgus and tibial internal rotation. To describe the exact joint kinematics at the time of injury, a more sophisticated approach is needed.

Purpose:

To describe the knee and hip kinematics in 2 slip-catch situations utilizing a model-based image-matching (MBIM) technique.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

Two typical slip-catch situations in World Cup alpine skiing reported through the International Ski Federation (FIS) Injury Surveillance System were captured on video with several camera views and high video quality. The injury situations were analyzed using the MBIM technique to produce continuous measurements of knee and hip joint kinematics.

Results:

Within 60 milliseconds, the knee flexion angle increased rapidly from 26° to 63° in case 1 and from 39° to 69° in case 2. In the same period, we observed a rapid increase in internal rotation of the tibia with a peak of 12° and 9°, respectively. The knee valgus angle changed less markedly in both cases. We also observed a rapid increase of hip flexion as well as substantial hip internal rotation.

Conclusion:

Knee compression and knee internal rotation and abduction torque are important components of the injury mechanism in a slip-catch situation.

Clinical Relevance:

Prevention efforts should focus on avoiding a forceful tibial internal rotation in combination with knee valgus.
Lower Back Pain as a Symptom of Migrainous Corpalgia
Authors: Kakisaka Yosuke , Ohara Tomoichiro , Katayama Saori , Suzuki Tasuku , Hino-Fukuyo Naomi , Uematsu Mitsugu , Kure Shigeo
Published: March 2013

The symptoms and prevalence of migraine headaches are widely recognized; however, less is known about migraine-related spontaneous body pain, or migrainous corpalgia. Only a few reports have described it. The case of a 13-year-old boy with onset of migrainous corpalgia at the age of 12 years is presented. He suffered from pulsatile headaches and bilateral lower back pain, which would appear either with the headache or as an isolated symptom. Various medical examinations showed no abnormalities. He was diagnosed as having migraine without aura and successfully treated with valproic acid. It is unique for this patient to have lower back pain as a symptom of migrainous corpalgia. It would be important for physicians to understand the variety of pain symptoms in migraine patients, as shown here, for better and comprehensive understanding of migraine and its related condition.
Basic Statistical Concepts in Nutrition Research
Authors: Saracino Giovanna , Jennings Linda W. , Hasse Jeanette M.
Published: March 2013

Statistical principles are used in nutrition research to plan and conduct research studies and to answer research questions. This article describes general statistical concepts and provides some guidelines to assist in the interpretation of research literature. Prospective and retrospective study designs used in nutrition research are presented as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each of the study designs. Descriptive statistics used to summarize data and graphical tools used to display the shape of the distribution of a set of data guide nutrition support professionals to select appropriate statistical tests. Fundamental topics of statistics, including power analysis and sample size, confidence intervals and hypothesis testing, and analysis of variance and regression, are also reviewed. The article emphasizes the importance of effective collaboration with statisticians at an early stage of the research study to avoid potential pitfalls associated with improper utilization of statistical methods.
The control of chassis dynamometer fuel consumption testing noise factors and the use of response modelling for validation of test repeatability
Authors: Chappell Edward , Brace Chris , Ritchie Craig
Published: March 2013

The research described in this paper was aimed at demonstrating the implementation of statistically derived tolerances to so-called ‘noise’ factors that cause imprecision in the vehicle fuel consumption during chassis dynamometer testing. These tolerances were derived from previous work carried out by one of the authors co-workers and were set to achieve a repeatability target of 0.5% coefficient of variation in the vehicle fuel consumption. This target was successfully achieved during a test programme to determine the fuel consumption benefit of two candidate engine oils over production engine oil using a 1.0 l gasoline passenger test vehicle. Regression response modelling was used to determine whether the recorded variability was correlated with the variability in the vehicle fuel consumption and it was found that all the measured test noise factors were adequately controlled. A universal methodology is proposed for the use of the response modelling technique to verify adequate control of known noise factors and to allow for corrections to the vehicle fuel consumption to be performed where factors have not been adequately controlled, without the need to complete additional testing.
Factorial Validity and Reliability of the Malaysian Simplified Chinese Version of Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS-SCV) Among a Group of University Students
Authors: Guan Ng Chong , Seng Loh Huai , Hway Ann Anne Yee , Hui Koh Ong
Published: March 2013

This study was aimed at validating the simplified Chinese version of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Support (MSPSS-SCV) among a group of medical and dental students in University Malaya. Two hundred and two students who took part in this study were given the MSPSS-SCV, the Medical Outcome Study social support survey, the Malay version of the Beck Depression Inventory, the Malay version of the General Health Questionnaire, and the English version of the MSPSS. After 1 week, these students were again required to complete the MSPSS-SCV but with the item sequences shuffled. This scale displayed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .924), high test–retest reliability (.71), parallel form reliability (.92; Spearman’s ρ, P < .01), and validity. In conclusion, the MSPSS-SCV demonstrated sound psychometric properties in measuring social support among a group of medical and dental students. It could therefore be used as a simple screening tool among young educated Malaysian adolescents.
Internationalizing Higher Education in Malaysia
Authors: Tham Siew Yean
Published: March 2013

The intensity of internationalization has increased with an escalation in internationalization activities, leading to increasing student, program, and institutional mobility. In Malaysia, the internationalization of higher education in terms of student mobility has changed tremendously in the last two decades as the country has shifted from a sending to a receiving country. Policy-wise, the government has targeted to be a regional hub for higher education. The objectives of this article are to examine government policies, their rationales, and the response of public and private institutions toward these policies. The findings show that while there is also a new emphasis on research and knowledge generation, government policies essentially focus mainly on increasing inbound students to increase export revenues. Institutions’ response vary between public and private as the former have access to research funding from the government while the other is much more fee-dependent and therefore tend to focus on international students as an additional source of revenue but both view internationalization targets set by the government as an end by themselves.
The X-Factor
Authors: Stronach Ian , Frankham Jo , Bibi-Nawaz Sajida , Cahill Greg , Cui Vanessa , Dymoke Katy , Mohd Khir Masrur
Published: March 2013

This article addresses practices of reflexivity, drawing on a number of stimuli, including Zizek’s formulation of Lacan’s “prisoners game,” whereby different circumstances generate a typology of reflexive responses from the prisoners in their competitive efforts to win freedom. The article also draws on reflexive performances based on literature and in history, and more extensively on the art of Rene Magritte. These various reflexive performances are then related to the reflexive “praxes” of the authors’ doctoral study. We conclude that reflexivity is always part of a necessary uncertainty, whose “remainder” between the visible and the invisible, the present and the absent, generates an inescapably qualitative symbolon.
How Do We Quote Black and Brown Bodies? Critical Reflections on Theorizing and Analyzing Embodiments
Authors: Roberts Rosemarie A.
Published: March 2013

This article is a reflection on the development of an embodied data analysis framework, leading to critical interrogations of the micro level black and brown physical performances of culture and what they reveal about macro level social inequality. Working at the intersections of social science, dance, performance, and qualitative research as well as commitments to a social science that enacts a decolonizing methodology/pedagogy, an analytic framework is choreographed toward imagining possibilities that can be created in qualitative social science research when black and brown bodies and their performances are acknowledged as sites of knowledge production.
Boundaries, Entities, and Modern Vegetarianism
Authors: Yeh Hsin-Yi
Published: March 2013

Taking the emergence of the first vegetarian organization in Victorian England as a case, this article argues that “what vegetarianism is” is an ongoing social process that is determined by how social actors link its boundaries. Although in hindsight, people tend to take what an idea is for granted and treat it as a constant, what an idea was, is, and will be in fact depends heavily on what ideas can penetrate the boundaries of the specific idea and vice versa. Adopting Abbott’s alternative approach that boundaries come before entities, the case study of the emergence of modern vegetarianism serves to further illustrate the complexity between boundaries and entities and the emergent aspect of the process of “boundaries-into-entities.” A connection is also made to align Abbott’s suggested approach with Star and Griesemer’s ecological approach.
Festive gatherings and culture work in Flemish-Ethiopian adoptive families
Authors: De Graeve Katrien
Published: March 2013

Although there has been growing academic interest in the tendency among transnational adoptive parents in the West to incorporate aspects of the child’s so-called ‘birth culture’ into their lives, much less attention is paid to the role that this culture work plays in families’ quest for full and good citizenship. By drawing on fieldwork among Flemish-Ethiopian adoptive families in a range of different settings, this article frames this practice as conscious and political citizenship work. Although the parenting work can open up possibilities to provide a more dynamic view on identity and citizenship, essentialist views on culture and the tendency to downplay racism and global inequalities create considerable constraints.
The safety of authenticity: Ali Kebab, or an exploration in the contemporaneity of foreignness and the self’s post-colonial imaginary
Authors: Barras Amélie , Guillaume Xavier
Published: March 2013

The article explores how the concept of authenticity is deployed in contemporary Switzerland to delimit not only the representational boundaries of the Muslim (foreign) ‘other’, but also of the dominant cultural self. The authors analyse the act of constituting the authentic other in relation to the stability, comfort and safeness of the dialogically constituted authentic self, as illustrated in a Swiss advertising campaign in summer 2009. To investigate how those power relations unfold in the Ali Kebab advertising campaign, the article draws on a framework of visual analysis that studies the field of significations carried by specific images in relation to the particular context in which they are deployed, then facilitates their recontextualisation within wider social discourses. This sheds light on how the categories of authenticity displayed by the Ali Kebab adverts draw on a deep and powerful colonial imaginary that goes well beyond the borders of Switzerland.
Crime, criminal justice and criminology in Belgium
Authors: Daems Tom , Maes Eric , Robert Luc
Published: March 2013

For criminologists, Belgium is at once an interesting and a very complex country. Belgium is one of the first European countries where criminology became institutionalized in the universities. As for criminal justice, in many ways Belgium can be situated in the European middle. One feature of Belgium is its institutional complexity, with a push towards devolving decision-making powers from the federal level to its entities. This recently led to the longest period of post-election government negotiations in a democratic country: for more than 500 days, the country had no real federal government. Current agreements on a future sixth reform of the federal state include devolving matters of justice to the regions and language-based communities. Moreover, since the mid-1990s Belgium has been going through a period of unprecedented criminal justice reform, in various key areas such as policing, the prison system and victim policy. However, the persistent overcrowding of Belgian prisons has hampered various reform efforts and has determined the course of penal policy in recent decades.
Update on the Diabetic Foot 2012
Authors: Lamont Peter , Franklyn Kerryn , Rayman Gerry , Boulton Andrew J. M.
Published: March 2013

The 14th biennial Malvern Diabetic Foot Conference was held in May 2012. Physicians, podiatrists, nurses, orthotists, surgeons, radiologists, and other professionals attended to reflect on the diabetic foot. The conference comprised interactive workshops, oral presentations of new research findings, and lectures from leading figures in the world of the diabetic foot. Over the 3 days, topics such as epidemiology, neuropathy, screening, vascular disease, prevention, and management among others were discussed. The conference has been an excellent platform from which to share new and ongoing research and it will without a doubt improve the treatment of the diabetic foot across the world.
Super-Oxidized Solution (Dermacyn Wound Care) as Adjuvant Treatment in the Postoperative Management of Complicated Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis
Authors: Aragón-Sánchez Javier , Lázaro-Martínez Jose Luis , Quintana-Marrero Yurena , Sanz-Corbalán Irene , Hernández-Herrero Maria J. , Cabrera-Galván Juan J.
Published: March 2013

Surgery is usually used to treat diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO), whether primarily or in cases in which antibiotics are not able to control infection. In many cases, the bone is only partially removed, which means that residual infection remains in the bone margins, and the wound is left open to heal by secondary intent. The use of culture-guided postoperative antibiotic treatment and adequate management of the wound must be addressed. No trials exist dealing with local treatment in the postoperative management of these cases of complicated DFO. We decided to test a super-oxidized solution, Dermacyn Wound Care (DWC; Oculus Innovative Sciences Netherlands BV, Sittard, Netherlands) to obtain preliminary experience in patients in whom infected bone remained in the surgical wounds. Our hypothesis was that DWC could be useful to control infection in the residual infected bone and surrounding soft tissues and would thus facilitate healing. Fourteen consecutive patients who underwent conservative surgery for DFO, in whom clean bone margins could not be assured, were treated in the postoperative period with DWC. Eleven cases were located in the forefoot, 6 on the first ray and the rest in lesser toes, 1 in the Lisfranc joint, and 2 on the calcaneus. No side effects appeared during treatment. Neither allergies nor skin dermatitis were found. Limb salvage was successfully achieved in 100% of the cases. Healing was achieved in a median period of 6.8 weeks.
Gram-Negative Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis
Authors: Aragón-Sánchez Javier , Lipsky Benjamin A. , Lázaro-Martínez Jose L.
Published: March 2013

Osteomyelitis frequently complicates infections in the feet of patients with diabetes. Gram-positive cocci, especially Staphylococcus aureus, are the most commonly isolated pathogens, but gram-negative bacteria also cause some cases of diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO). These gram-negatives require different antibiotic regimens than those commonly directed at gram-positives. There are, however, few data on factors related to their presence and how they influence the clinical picture. We conducted a retrospective study to determine the variables associated with the isolation of gram-negative bacteria from bone samples in cases of DFO and the clinical presentation of these infections. Among 341 cases of DFO, 150 had a gram-negative isolate (alone or combined with a gram-positive isolate) comprising 44.0% of all patients and 50.8% of those with a positive bone culture. Compared with gram-positive infections, wounds with gram-negative organisms more often had a fetid odor, necrotic tissue, signs of soft tissue infection accompanying osteomyelitis, and clinically severe infection. By multivariate analysis, the predictive variables related to an increased likelihood of isolating gram-negatives from bone samples were glycated hemoglobin <7% (odds ratio [OR] = 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-3.5) and a wound caused by traumatic injury (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.0-3.9). Overall, patients whose bone samples contained gram-negatives had a statistically significantly higher prevalence of leukocytosis and higher white blood cell counts than those without gram-negatives. In conclusion, gram-negative organisms were isolated in nearly half of our cases of DFO and were associated with more severe infections, higher white blood cell counts, lower glycated hemoglobin levels, and wounds of traumatic etiology.
A Chronic Leg Ulcer Presenting With Charcot–Marie–Tooth Disease and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ren Haitao , You Chuangang , Han Chunmao
Published: March 2013

Charcot–Marie–Tooth (CMT) disease is characterized by hereditary sensorimotor polyneuropathy with foot deformity, sensorineural hearing loss, moderate developmental delay, and gait disturbance. CMT presenting with type 2 diabetes and an ulcer has not been reported. This article reports a man who presented with the symptoms mentioned above and also with a leg ulcer and type 2 diabetes. He was diagnosed with CMT disease based on family history and genetic testing. A skin defect in the left leg had manifested for more than 1 year, and results of initial fasting plasma glucose revealed type 2 diabetes. The evolution of these manifestations, coupled with a slowly progressive weakness, numbness, muscular wasting, and sensory impairment, strongly suggested the co-occurrence of 3 different diseases in the same individual.
Proposal for a Measurement Scale of the Ethical Climate in Business: A Study in the Area of B-to-B Selling
Authors: Lavorata Laure
Published: March 2013

The aim of this paper is to develop and test a measurement scale of ethical climate in a French-speaking context. Although companies are becoming aware of the need to incorporate ethics into their strategy, there is no existing tool for evaluating its progress within the organization. Semi-directive interviews, followed by data collection by questionnaire among B-to-B salespeople, enabled us to draw up a scale of measurement consisting of fourteen items articulated around four dimensions: “The company's ethical procedures”, “Peer behaviors”, “Sales practices” and “Remuneration plan”. While the results confirm the importance of ethical procedures and the need to establish them within the company, they also reveal that they are not sufficient to create a strong ethical climate and that other variables, such as the remuneration plan, play a major role. As a result, the establishment of an ethical climate assumes that companies make a sometimes difficult choice between a priori contradictory requirements such as specifying set targets for salespersons while developing ethical selling techniques.
An Exploratory Study of the Implications of Free Admission to Museums and Monuments: The Public's Perceptions and Effects on Their Visiting Behavior
Authors: Le Gall-Ely Marine , Urbain Caroline , Gombault Anne , Bourgeon-Renault Dominique , Petr Christine
Published: March 2013

What perceptions do the French public have of free admission to museums and monuments, both as visitors and non-visitors? What are the consequences of such perceptions on individuals' interpretations, their projects for visiting and behavior patterns vis-à-vis museums and monuments? This research attempts to answer these questions by multiangulation, combining various methods of data production and analysis. The results show that free admission alters the public's perceptions of museums and monuments, making it a secondary consideration in planning and implementing a visit, and that the experience of a free visit can spark a learning process that results in the appropriation of a free admission scheme. Our conclusions primarily focus on the need to enhance the public's involvement in the visit and explain the reasons for free admission.
Event Study Methodology in Marketing
Authors: Delattre Eric
Published: March 2013

An event study measures the impact of specific events (exogenous and endogenous) on stock prices. Often used in finance, this methodology is also of interest in marketing. Indeed, it seems that marketing decisions impact significantly on financial markets. In addition, marketing factors that tend to increase or mitigate the impact of an event are largely ignored.

With this in mind, the objective of this paper is to argue the usefulness of event studies and provide insights into some necessary adaptations of these studies for marketing research. The main contribution of this paper is to demonstrate that a full spectrum of data, not purely financial, should be used in order to better understand the value creation or value destruction effects of an event.
Buzz and Recommendations on the Internet. What Impacts on Box-Office Success?
Authors: Larceneux Fabrice
Published: March 2013

Potential moviegoers may find information on the Internet on movie critics' recommendations and web users' comments on movies they have seen. The more a recommendation is shared by a large number of individuals, the greater is the buzz. This research explores to what extent this online buzz can be a predictor and/or modifier of box-office results, particularly the week following the launch.

A field experiment on 534 movies shows that the buzz, and more specifically critics' recommendations appearing on the allocine.com website, is significantly correlated with box-office results after the first week. Various developments show that these online recommendations may not only predict but also influence box-office results.
A Comparison of the Effects of the First Impression and the Last Impression in a Selling Context
Authors: Bergeron Jasmin , Fallu Jean-Mathieu , Roy Jasmin
Published: March 2013

A plethora of studies in psychology, communication and advertising indicate that the first and last phases of an event are predominant in customer evaluations. Many practitioners also argue that the first and the last impressions made by an advisor in a selling context have the most important influence on clients' evaluations. However, few researchers have studied this phenomenon in the marketing literature. We conducted a survey of more than 500 clients. Following structural equation modeling analyses, our results indicate that perceived quality and trust were found to be influenced by the initial impression, whereas satisfaction was mostly impacted by the final impression. Several managerial recommendations and research avenues are presented in this article.
Loss Aversion: Origin, Components and Marketing Implications
Authors: Paraschiv Corina , L'Haridon Olivier
Published: March 2013

Loss aversion accounts for negative changes having a higher psychological impact than positive changes. Our paper reviews existing marketing literature on loss aversion and suggests directions for future research. We distinguish four dimensions of loss aversion — neural, cognitive, affective and conative — and identify socio-demographic characteristics, product characteristics and exchange conditions as three main groups of loss aversion moderators. We formulate strategic recommendations for marketers based on consumer loss aversion.
Craftsmen of Art, and Their Craft: The Experience of Authenticity and Its Materialization in the Places Where Craftspeople and Enlightened Clients Meet
Authors: Bergadaà Michelle
Published: March 2013

This study was conducted at the request of a French city interested in promoting artistic craftspeople in order to attract enlightened clients. Using naturalistic enquiry, we conducted in-depth interviews with craftspeople and enlightened clients and performed two content analyses. The first, structuralist in nature, made it possible to define the “experience of authenticity” that craftspeople share with their customers. The second, phenomenological in nature, made it possible to understand how this experience is (or is not) cultivated in two traditional meeting places: workshops and public exhibitions. The article concludes by putting our definition of the experience of authenticity in context based on both the fundamental propositions put forward by Peirce and the principal propositions that currently define the field of marketing.
Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Consumer Trust
Authors: Swaen Valérie , Chumpitaz Ruben C.
Published: March 2013

This research aims at analyzing the impact of consumers' perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities on their trust toward the company and at highlighting the underlying mechanisms and conditions of this impact. This paper is based on a questionnaire survey administered to a sample of 618 consumers about cosmetics and sportswear. Results show that consumers' perceptions of CSR activities have a positive influence on their trust toward the company, directly and indirectly through the influence on perceived quality of the products offered and consumer satisfaction.
Measuring Second-Hand Shopping Motives, Antecedents and Consequences
Authors: Roux Dominique , Guiot Denis
Published: March 2013

This article aims at measuring motives toward second-hand shopping, an alternative form of buying that consumers make use of. We first define the concept of second-hand buying and describe the characteristics of the phenomenon that support a motivation-based approach. Then, we develop a measurement scale following the procedure advocated by Churchill (1979) and reexamined by Rossiter (2002). A preliminary qualitative study conducted with 15 buyers of second-hand goods and a two-stage data collection among 708 individuals provide a final, reliable and valid 7-factor scale that can be used separately or combined in two main dimensions — economic and recreational — to predict internal or external outcome variables.
Consumer Creative Experience: The Role of Motivational Orientation in Creative Leisure Activity
Authors: Salerno Annabel
Published: March 2013

The literature review shows the importance of broadening research on consumer creativity in creative leisure pursuits. Several theories and the results of a motivational study highlight the hedonic (pleasure, vitality) and eudemonic components (learning, identity experience) of the creative experience as well as the consumer's motivational orientation at the time he engages in the creative activity. Subsequently, the links between these experience components and the originality or aesthetic qualities of the creative product are established in order to study the role of this motivational orientation. Results confirm the importance of this orientation and several key areas are identified for further research.
The Contribution of Ethnology to Research in Consumer and Shopper Behavior: Toward Ethnomarketing
Authors: Badot Olivier , Carrier Christophe , Cova Bernard , Desjeux Dominique , Filser Marc
Published: March 2013

This theoretical paper analyzes the influence of ethnology on contemporary research in consumer and shopper behavior and in retailing. Within this framework, it defines the concept of ethnomarketing and sketches its epistemological status and operating rules. The final part points out the managerial contributions of ethnomarketing.
How do Socially Responsible Consumers Consider Consumption? An Approach with the Free Associations Method
Authors: Gonzalez Christine , Korchia Michael , Menuet Laetitia , Urbain Caroline
Published: March 2013

Socially responsible consumption, that is the incorporation by individuals of social and environmental concerns in their consumption choices, is growing. Is this new tendency a consequence of a new way of considering consumption? The aim of this research is to verify the existence of different profiles of socially conscious consumers and to study their social representation of consumption. In order to meet these objectives, a study was conducted with 392 respondents. The free association technique was used to induce social representations while involvement in socially responsible consumption was measured with the François-Lecompte (2005) scale. Data analysis shows the existence of four groups of socially responsible consumers with different social representations of consumption.
Faces of the New Consumer: A Genesis of Consumer Governmentality
Authors: Cova Bernard , Cova Véronique
Published: March 2013

This paper is less concerned with discussing the reality of the new consumer than in discovering how researchers and consultants construct this through their marketing discourses. A genealogical approach uncovers the three major faces of the new consumer that have emerged over the past twenty years: individualistic consumers in the early 1990s; hedonistic consumers at the turn of the millennium; and creative consumers in the mid-2000s. The paper then shows how these faces interact within a consumer competency structure in which individualistic dialogue competencies combine with hedonistic play competencies and creative resource integration competencies. The conclusion focuses on the existence within these different marketing discourses of a governmental process pressuring today's citizens to see and think of themselves first and foremost as consumers.
The Contribution of Ethnography to the Study of Child Consumers
Authors: Ezan Pascale
Published: March 2013

Children's economic status invites researchers and practitioners to study their consumption behavior in order to propose targeted marketing actions. This paper describes the main principles of ethnography and points out the contribution of this methodology in marketing to children. It particularly underlines the importance of being immersed in the research field to overcome methodological difficulties related to children's cognitive development. This will lead to a better understanding of children's consumption behavior.
Ethnicity in the Study of the Consumer: An Overview
Authors: Özçağlar-Toulouse Nil , Béji-Bécheur Amina , Fosse-Gomez Marie-Hélène , Herbert Maud , Zouaghi Sondes
Published: March 2013

This article discusses the work on ethnicity as a social construct. It traces the evolution of research on this theme by proposing to distinguish two major approaches that reflect epistemological and methodological orientations. These approaches are distinguished according to whether they consider ethnicity as a feature or as a resource. The limitations of previous research and contemporary debates call for a renewal of the concept of ethnicity in the study of consumers through greater consideration of socio-cultural contexts and social interaction. The conclusion questions the responsibility of marketers as agents of social transformation.
Regulatory Focus: A Promising Concept for Marketing Research
Authors: Boesen-Mariani Sabine , Gomez Pierrick , Gavard-Perret Marie-Laure
Published: March 2013

This article aims at synthesizing the body of research that deals with regulatory focus, a concept that has captured the attention of a growing number of marketing researchers in the last few years, particularly because of the new perspective it brings to motivation. After introducing Higgins's theory, we present the numerous effects and consequences of regulatory focus on consumer behavior. Finally, we highlight the current limits of regulatory focus theory and suggest future directions for research in marketing.
A History of French CCT: Pathways and Key Concepts
Authors: Özçağlar-Toulouse Nil , Cova Bernard
Published: March 2013

This paper recapitulates the history of different French schools of thought that came together from the late 1980s through the early 2000s in a research program called Consumer Culture Theory (Arnould and Thompson, 2005). The various authors and studies that were part of this movement are presented in chronological order: their years of clandestinity, legitimization and then consolidation. What is identified is the emergence of the leading research themes with which French scholars are most concerned today. Mobilizing this history and relying on bibliometric research, we identify three leading French contributions to proto-CCT research: the appropriation of experience; the linking value of the goods and services that companies market; and the socio-semiotics of consumption. Our conclusion indicates future paths for research.
Do Generations Matter in Customer Defection?
Authors: Ngobo Paul-Valentin , Devallet-Ezanno Delphine
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we identify the intergenerational effects in customer defection. We develop a mixed (fixed and random) effects discrete-time survival approach to the age-period-generation in order to circumvent the identification and colinearity problems often encountered in the Age-Period-Cohort analyses. We apply our proposed methodology to a panel dataset from an insurance company. We find that there are generation effects in customer defection probability that are independent of the age and period effects. Furthermore, for every equivalent age range, a customer belonging to a younger generation is more likely to sever the relationship with the insurance company than a customer from an older generation. Therefore, customers from the same age range will not express their loyalty to the company in a similar way depending on the generation to which they belong. We also find that the socialization and scarcity hypotheses are irrelevant when customers face high switching costs. There is no calendar effect in customer defection for this company. The changes in loyalty we observed are related to age, generation, and customer lifecycle effects as well as to the control variables in our model.
Toward a Larger Framework of the Generation Concept in Marketing
Authors: Bourcier-Béquaert Bénédicte , de Barnier Virginie
Published: March 2013

The aim of this paper is to clarify the concept of generation in marketing that gave rise to fruitful research, albeit very heterogeneous. Our approach consists in a presentation of these various explorations against the integrative framework offered by sociology in order to assess their ability to take into account the different dimensions that characterize the generation concept. This analysis contributes to the identification of new research areas that could add significantly to the literature on the generation concept.
Legacy Writing among the Elderly: Conceptual Bases, Dimensioning and a Proposed Scale for Measuring Motivations
Authors: Guillemot Samuel , Urien Bertrand
Published: March 2013

This article concerns a relatively unknown phenomenon in marketing that has, however, become extremely popular among older adults: legacy writing. While the writing of “ego-documents” has been the subject of many studies in gerontology, sociology and, above all, literature, research in marketing has yet to examine its specific components. The purpose of this article is to identify the concept of legacy writing and propose an initial scale to the academic and managerial community for measuring the motivations underlying this practice. Two sets of data collected with questionnaires (202 and 508 responses) have been used to develop and confirm the validity of a scale consisting of twenty items, divided into six dimensions ( flattering the ego, mending the ego, being remembered, sharing, transmitting, and bearing witness). This research offers a contribution to the theoretical corpus on special objects and intergenerational transmission. It demonstrates that the meaning of a special object is not exclusively restricted to symbolic references that may be lost or denatured, but others that are explicit and inscribed at the very core of the object.
The Effects of Time Pressure on Information Processing
Authors: Lallement Jeanne
Published: March 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of time pressure on information processing, especially the consequences due to its intensity. To make time-restricted information processing clear, an experiment was conducted with 521 consumers of laptops using the Information Display Board procedure. The study shows that the intensity of time pressure has a non-linear influence on the rhythm of information processing, leads to the selection of the most important information and slightly changes the adopted decision-making strategy. The use of three levels of time pressure (none, moderate and high) reveals that the adaptation between time pressure and its dependent variables is a non-linear process.
The Many Presentations of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Hickling Edward J. , Barnett Scott D. , Gibbons Susanne
Published: March 2013

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been a controversial diagnosis, with concerns including the sheer number of possible minimal diagnostic combinations (1,750), increasing to >10,000 theoretical possibilities in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) proposals. This study examined whether the theoretical combinations postulated actually occur in a large sample of military personnel. The design of the study was a retrospective examination of PTSD checklists from 3,810 participants who, based on scores, endorsed symptoms consistent with probable PTSD. Combinations of PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version (PCL-C) symptom clusters were identified using data from active-duty military personnel who completed the 2005 and the 2008 Department of Defense (DoD) Health Related Behaviors Among Active Duty Military Personnel Survey. The study examined (a) occurrence of combinations, (b) unique minimum combinations, (c) most frequent combinations, and (d) replication of symptom combinations and clusters. The PCL-C scores showed 1,837 unique scoring combinations, 83.5% (1,533/1,837) of the observed unique scoring combinations occurred just once. The most frequently occurring combination (17/17 endorsed) accounted for 955 participants (25.1%), the second most frequent (16/17 endorsed) accounted for 75 participants (2.0%). PTSD most often presented as a unique constellation of symptom clusters, either capturing symptoms while allowing for considerable variability in its presentation, reflecting different severities of the disorder, or raising concerns about the classification itself, and any future classification that Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-V) might develop.
The Dangers of Generational Myth-Making
Authors: Arnett Jeffrey Jensen , Trzesniewski Kali H. , Donnellan M. Brent
Published: March 2013

We respond here to Twenge’s article “The Evidence for Generation Me and Against Generation We.” With regard to the question of whether “narcissism” is increasing among emerging adults, flaws are identified in the studies she used to make her case, and counterevidence is presented. We show that for the most part emerging adults’ values have not changed in recent decades, but to the extent that change has occurred, it has been in the direction of less selfishness and more engagement in global issues as well as greater desire to ameliorate problems in the community and the world. Finally, we emphasize the duty for scholars to avoid contributing to unjustified negative stereotypes about young people that lead others to have contempt for them and refuse to support their efforts to make their way into adulthood.
Flourishing and Floundering in Emerging Adult College Students
Authors: Nelson Larry J. , Padilla-Walker Laura M.
Published: March 2013

The purpose of this study was to (a) use mixture modeling to identify different groups of emerging adults based on differences in beliefs/attitudes, attributes, and behaviors and (b) examine whether these classes were differentially related to the criteria deemed important for adulthood, levels of identity development (exploration and commitment), and the quality of the parent–child relationship. Participants consisted of 487 undergraduate students (281 women, 206 men, mean age of 20.07 years) in the United States. Results of cross-sectional mixture modeling identified three classes of emerging adults including an externalizing group (high levels of drinking, drug use, sexual partners, pornography use, and video game use), a poorly adjusted group (high levels of depression, anxiety, drinking, drug use, sexual partners, and low levels of self-worth), and a well-adjusted group (high levels of internal regulation of values, religious faith, and low levels of depression, anxiety, drinking, drug use, and violent video game usage).