bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Verification of moist surface variables over northern Australia in a high-resolution reanalysis (BARRA)
Authors: May Peter T. , Trewin Blair , Su Chun-Hsu , Ostendorf Bertram
Published: September 2021

Reanalyses are important tools for understanding past weather and climate variability, but detailed verification of near surface humidity variables have not been published. This is particularly concerning in tropical regions where humid conditions impact meteorology and human activities. In this study, we used screen level temperature and humidity data from a high-resolution atmospheric regional reanalysis, the Bureau of Meteorology Atmospheric high-resolution Regional Reanalysis for Australia (BARRA), validated against automatic weather stations (AWS) data for 32 sites across northern Australia. Overall, the BARRA data was reliable, with the time series from the AWS and BARRA being very highly correlated, but there were some seasonal and diurnally varying biases. The variability of the differences also changed from location to location and as a function of time of day and season, but much less than the biases. This variability was less than the ‘weather signal’ as evidenced by the high correlations. In particular, the amplitude of the diurnal cycle was overestimated, particularly in the dry (winter) season. In general, the differences in temperature were larger than those of the dew point temperature, and the wet bulb temperature had the least uncertainty. Overall, this study contributes to a better understanding of the effectiveness of reanalyses for examining the impact of moist variables on tropical climate variability.
Modern Siberian dog ancestry was shaped by several thousand years of Eurasian-wide trade and human dispersal
Authors: Feuerborn Tatiana R. , Carmagnini Alberto , Losey Robert J. , Nomokonova Tatiana , Askeyev Arthur , Askeyev Igor , Askeyev Oleg , Antipina Ekaterina E. , Appelt Martin , Bachura Olga P. , Beglane Fiona , Bradley Daniel G. , Daly Kevin G. , Gopalakrishnan Shyam , Murphy Gregersen Kristian , Guo Chunxue , Gusev Andrei V. , Jones Carleton , Kosintsev Pavel A. , Kuzmin Yaroslav V. , Mattiangeli Valeria , Perri Angela R. , Plekhanov Andrei V. , Ramos-Madrigal Jazmín , Schmidt Anne Lisbeth , Shaymuratova Dilyara , Smith Oliver , Yavorskaya Lilia V. , Zhang Guojie , Willerslev Eske , Meldgaard Morten , Gilbert M. Thomas P. , Larson Greger , Dalén Love , Hansen Anders J. , Sinding Mikkel-Holger S. , Frantz Laurent
Published: September 2021

Significance

The Siberian Arctic has witnessed numerous societal changes since the first known appearance of dogs in the region ∼10,000 years ago. These changes include the introduction of ironworking ∼2,000 years ago and the emergence of reindeer pastoralism ∼800 years ago. The analysis of 49 ancient dog genomes reveals that the ancestry of Arctic Siberia dogs shifted over the last 2,000 years due to an influx of dogs from the Eurasian Steppe and Europe. Combined with genomic data from humans and archaeological evidence, our results suggest that though the ancestry of human populations in Arctic Siberia did not change over this period, people there participated in trade with distant communities that involved both dogs and material culture.
Congruent trophic pathways underpin global coral reef food webs
Authors: Pozas-Schacre Chloé , Casey Jordan M. , Brandl Simon J. , Kulbicki Michel , Harmelin-Vivien Mireille , Strona Giovanni , Parravicini Valeriano
Published: September 2021

Significance

Species loss can weaken the trophic interactions that underpin ecosystem functioning. Coral reefs are the world’s most diverse marine ecosystem, harboring interaction networks of extraordinary complexity. We show that, despite this complexity, global coral reef food webs are governed by a suite of highly consistent energetic pathways, regardless of regional differences in biodiversity. All networks are characterized by species with narrow dietary preferences, arranged into distinct groups of predator–prey interactions. These characteristics suggest that coral reef food webs are robust to the loss of prey resources but vulnerable to local extinctions of consumer species.
Juvenile hormone signaling promotes ovulation and maintains egg shape by inducing expression of extracellular matrix genes
Authors: Luo Wei , Liu Suning , Zhang Wenqiang , Yang Liu , Huang Jianhua , Zhou Shutang , Feng Qili , Palli Subba Reddy , Wang Jian , Roth Siegfried , Li Sheng
Published: September 2021

Significance

The juvenile hormone (JH) plays a key role in regulating insect reproduction. Previous studies have demonstrated how JH activates vitellogenin production in the fat body and stimulates vitellogenin uptake by maturing oocytes. Our studies show that, in
Drosophila
, JH signaling induces
laminin
expression in ovarian muscle cells and
collagen IV
expression in the adult fat body. Laminin locally and collagen IV remotely contribute to the assembly of ovarian muscle extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM components are indispensable for ovarian muscle contraction that externally generates a mechanical force to promote ovulation and maintain egg shape. This study reveals an essential role of JH in the regulation of insect reproduction.
Norrie disease protein is essential for cochlear hair cell maturation
Authors: Hayashi Yushi , Chiang Hao , Tian ChunJie , Indzhykulian Artur A. , Edge Albert S. B.
Published: September 2021

Significance

Norrie disease causes deafness, blindness, and intellectual disability. By analyzing gene expression downstream of Norrie disease protein (Ndp), we show that Ndp controls a network of transcriptional regulators required for maturation and maintenance of cochlear hair cells. We demonstrate that Ndp secretion, after forced expression of the gene in cochlear supporting cells of Ndp-deficient mice, prevents the hearing-loss phenotype exhibited by these mice. Moreover, forced activation of the canonical Wnt pathway mediator, β-catenin, in hair cells is sufficient to rescue hearing, demonstrating that Ndp secreted from supporting cells acts on adjacent hair cells and is required for the maturation and continued functioning of these cells.
Elongin functions as a loading factor for Mediator at ATF6α-regulated ER stress response genes
Authors: He Yanfeng , Sato Shigeo , Tomomori-Sato Chieri , Chen Shiyuan , Goode Zach H. , Conaway Joan W. , Conaway Ronald C.
Published: September 2021

Significance

Activation of gene expression by the transcription factor ATF6α is a critical downstream event in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. The findings presented here shed light on the mechanism underlying ATF6α-dependent transcription activation. In particular, they identify a pathway for recruitment of Mediator and the RNA polymerase II transcription machinery to promoters, as well as an unexpected role for the transcription factor Elongin in this process.
Toddlers draw broad negative inferences from wrongdoers’ moral violations
Authors: Ting Fransisca , Baillargeon Renée
Published: September 2021

Significance

According to prior research, 2-y-old toddlers possess expectations about several moral principles. Here, we show that when a wrongdoer violates one of these principles, toddlers draw broad negative inferences from this violation. After a wrongdoer violated ingroup support or harm avoidance when interacting with one individual, toddlers did not find it unexpected if the wrongdoer next violated fairness when interacting with other individuals. This was not because of toddlers’ mere reluctance to form expectations about the wrongdoer’s behavior, as they found it unexpected if the wrongdoer next acted generously toward another individual. Toddlers who observe a moral violation thus draw negative inferences about the wrongdoer’s moral character, which then guide their expectations about the wrongdoer’s likely behavior in other situations.
The functions of emotion-referencing names in Ibibio
Authors: Mensah Eyo , Dzokoto Vivian , Rowan Kirsty
Published: September 2021

In certain societies including the Ibibio of Akwa Ibom State, South-Eastern Nigeria, naming is a distinctive system of communicative practice which is used to express emotion and construct the personhood and identity of the name-bearer. This article examines emotion-referencing names among the Ibibio and adopts an ethnographic approach to investigate the motivations for the name choice, their socio-onomastic significance and the extent of influence they have over their bearers’ ‘selves’. We find that emotion names are bestowed through a range of motivations such as being a reflection of familial problems, death-prevention, religiously inspired and namesaking. We conclude that regardless of these motivations or whether the name has a positive or negative VALENCE, for the Ibibio, emotion-referencing names appear to have a subtle psychological impact upon the name-bearers self-perception. Naming among the Ibibio, therefore, is not only a form of cultural identity but a prominent site to reflect on and interpret emotions.
The past participle and the periphrastic passive construction in French
Authors: Bres Jacques , Le Bellec Christel
Published: September 2021

Our hypothesis is that the past participle is a singular form in the TAM (tense-aspect-mood) linguistic system in French,
in that it represents the internal time of the process on its terminal point ([R = Et]). Due to this representation of internal
time, the p.p. can be related to the second argument – the patientive argument – of a direct transitive process: it is the essential element
of the passive construction. Contrary to what is often written, the copula être ‘be’, is an optional element: it may serve
to develop the construction in its periphrastic dimension, but it is not necessary to the passive construction itself, as the cases of the
passive in the participial clause demonstrate. Moreover, the p.p. is not intrinsically resultative or processive, no more than it is active
or passive: from its aspect [R = Et], it can, in interaction with different contexts, participate in the production of these
different effects of meaning in discourse.
International workshop on next generation gamma-ray source
Authors: Howell C R , Ahmed M W , Afanasev A , Alesini D , Annand J R M , Aprahamian A , Balabanski D L , Benson S V , Bernstein A , Brune C R , Byrd J , Carlsten B E , Champagne A E , Chattopadhyay S , Davis D , Downie E J , Durham J M , Feldman G , Gao H , Geddes C G R , Grießhammer H W , Hajima R , Hao H , Hornidge D , Isaak J , Janssens R V F , Kendellen D P , Kovash M A , Martel P P , Meißner U-G , Miskimen R , Pasquini B , Phillips D R , Pietralla N , Savran D , Schindler M R , Sikora M H , Snow W M , Springer R P , Sun C , Tang C , Tiburzi B , Tonchev A P , Tornow W , Ur C A , Wang D , Weller H R , Werner V , Wu Y K , Yan J , Zhao Z , Zilges A , Zomer F
Published: September 2021

A workshop on The Next Generation Gamma-Ray Source sponsored by the Office of Nuclear Physics at the Department of Energy, was held November 17-19, 2016 in Bethesda, Maryland. The goals of the workshop were to identify basic and applied research opportunities at the frontiers of nuclear physics that would be made possible by the beam capabilities of an advanced laser Compton beam facility. To anchor the scientific vision to realistically achievable beam specifications using proven technologies, the workshop brought together experts in the fields of electron accelerators, lasers, and optics to examine the technical options for achieving the beam specifications required by the most compelling parts of the proposed research programs. An international assembly of participants included current and prospective γ-ray beam users, accelerator and light-source physicists, and federal agency program managers. Sessions were organized to foster interactions between the beam users and facility developers, allowing for information sharing and mutual feedback between the two groups. The workshop findings and recommendations are summarized in this whitepaper.
Symmetry restoration in mean-field approaches
Authors: Sheikh J A , Dobaczewski J , Ring P , Robledo L M , Yannouleas C
Published: September 2021

The mean-field approximation based on effective interactions or density functionals plays a pivotal role in the description of finite quantum many-body systems that are too large to be treated by ab initio methods. Some examples are strongly interacting medium and heavy mass atomic nuclei and mesoscopic condensed matter systems. In this approach, the linear Schrödinger equation for the exact many-body wave function is mapped onto a non-linear one-body potential problem. This approximation, not only provides computationally very simple solutions even for systems with many particles, but due to the non-linearity, it also allows for obtaining solutions that break essential symmetries of the system, often connected with phase transitions. In this way, additional correlations are subsumed in the system. However, the mean-field approach suffers from the drawback that the corresponding wave functions do not have sharp quantum numbers and, therefore, many results cannot be compared directly with experimental data. In this article, we discuss general group-theory techniques to restore the broken symmetries, and provide detailed expressions on the restoration of translational, rotational, spin, isospin, parity and gauge symmetries, where the latter corresponds to the restoration of the particle number. In order to avoid the numerical complexity of exact projection techniques, various approximation methods available in the literature are examined. Applications of the projection methods are presented for simple nuclear models, realistic calculations in relatively small configuration spaces, nuclear energy density functional (EDF) theory, as well as in other mesoscopic systems. We also discuss applications of projection techniques to quantum statistics in order to treat the averaging over restricted ensembles with fixed quantum numbers. Further, unresolved problems in the application of the symmetry restoration methods to the EDF theories are highlighted in the present work.
Biomimetic synthesis of a novel O2-regeneration nanosystem for enhanced starvation/chemo-therapy
Authors: Song Shaohua , Peng Jingyi , Wu Yuting , Li Cheng , Shen Duyi , Yang Ge , Liu Jinfeng , Gong Peiwei , Liu Zhe
Published: September 2021

Glucose oxidase-mediated starvation therapy that effectively cuts off energy supply holds great promise in cancer treatment. However, high glutathione (GSH) contents and anoxic conditions severely reduce therapy efficiency and cannot fully kill cancer cells. Herein, to resolve the above problem, this study constructed a biomimetic nanosystem based on nanreproo-MnO2 with porous craspedia globose-like structure and high specific surface area, and it was further modified with dopamine and folic acid to guarantee good biocompatibility and selectivity toward cancer cells. This nanosystem responsively degraded and reacted with GSH and acid to regenerate O2, which significantly increased intracellular O2 levels, accelerated glucose consumption, and improved starvation therapy efficiency. Moreover, anticancer drug of camptothecin was further loaded, and notably enhanced cancer growth inhibition was obtained at very low drug concentrations. Most importantly, this novel therapy could unprecedentedly inhibit cancer cell migration to a very low ratio of 19%, and detailed cell apoptosis analyses revealed late stage apoptosis contributed most to the good therapeutic effect. This work reported a new train of thought to improve starvation therapy in biomedicine, and provided a new strategy to design targeted nanocarrier to delivery mixed drugs to overcome the restriction of starvation therapy and develop new therapy patterns.
Development of a persistent-mode NMR magnet with superconducting joints between high-temperature superconductors
Authors: Yanagisawa Y , Piao R , Suetomi Y , Yamazaki T , Yamagishi K , Ueno T , Takao T , Ohki K , Yamaguchi T , Nagaishi T , Kitaguchi H , Miyoshi Y , Yoshikawa M , Hamada M , Saito K , Hachitani K , Ishii Y , Maeda H
Published: September 2021

This paper describes the first persistent-mode medium magnetic field (400 MHz; 9.39 T) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) magnet which uses superconducting joints between high-temperature superconductors (HTSs). As the ultimate goal, we aim to develop a high-resolution 1.3 GHz (30.5 T) NMR magnet operated in the persistent-mode. The magnet requires superconducting joints between HTSs and those between an HTS and a low-temperature superconductor (LTS). Towards this goal, we have been developing persistent-mode HTS inner coils to be operated in a 400 MHz (9.39 T) NMR magnet and here we present the first prototype inner coil wound with a single piece (RE = rare earth)Ba2Cu3O7−x
(REBCO) conductor. The coil and a REBCO persistent current switch are connected with intermediate grown superconducting joints with high critical currents in external magnetic fields. To evaluate the performance of the joints in an ultimately stable and homogeneous magnetic field, the coil is operated in the persistent-mode, generating 0.1 T, in a 9.3 T background magnetic field of a persistent-mode LTS outer coil. The magnetic field drift over two years of the 400 MHz LTS/REBCO NMR magnet is as small as ∼1 ppm, giving high-resolution NMR spectra. The magnetic field drift rate over the second year was 0.03 × 10−3 ppm h−1, which is more than three orders of magnitude smaller than that required for an NMR magnet, demonstrating that the superconducting joints function satisfactorily in a high-resolution NMR system. The corresponding joint resistance is inferred to be <10−14 Ω.
The software defined implantable modular platform (STELLA) for preclinical deep brain stimulation research in rodents
Authors: Plocksties Franz , Kober Maria , Niemann Christoph , Heller Jakob , Fauser Mareike , Nüssel Martin , Uster Felix , Franz Denise , Zwar Monique , Lüttig Anika , Kröger Justin , Harloff Jörg , Schulz Axel , Richter Angelika , Köhling Rüdiger , Timmermann Dirk , Storch Alexander
Published: September 2021

Context. Long-term deep brain stimulation (DBS) studies in rodents are of crucial importance for research progress in this field. However, most stimulation devices require jackets or large head-mounted systems which severely affect mobility and general welfare influencing animals’ behavior. Objective. To develop a preclinical neurostimulation implant system for long-term DBS research in small animal models. Approach. We propose a low-cost dual-channel DBS implant called software defined implantable platform (STELLA) with a printed circuit board size of Ø13 × 3.3 mm, weight of 0.6 g and current consumption of 7.6 µA/3.1 V combined with an epoxy resin-based encapsulation method. Main results. STELLA delivers charge-balanced and configurable current pulses with widely used commercial electrodes. While in vitro studies demonstrate at least 12 weeks of error-free stimulation using a CR1225 battery, our calculations predict a battery lifetime of up to 3 years using a CR2032. Exemplary application for DBS of the subthalamic nucleus in adult rats demonstrates that fully-implanted STELLA neurostimulators are very well-tolerated over 42 days without relevant stress after the early postoperative phase resulting in normal animal behavior. Encapsulation, external control and monitoring of function proved to be feasible. Stimulation with standard parameters elicited c-Fos expression by subthalamic neurons demonstrating biologically active function of STELLA. Significance. We developed a fully implantable, scalable and reliable DBS device that meets the urgent need for reverse translational research on DBS in freely moving rodent disease models including sensitive behavioral experiments. We thus add an important technology for animal research according to ‘The Principle of Humane Experimental Technique’—replacement, reduction and refinement (3R). All hardware, software and additional materials are available under an open source license.
Low energy cross section of 18O(p,γ)19F
Authors: Best A. , Pantaleo F. R.
Published: September 2021

The observation of oxygen isotopes in giant stars sheds light on mixing processes operating in their interiors. Due to the very strong correlation between nuclear burning and mixing processes it is very important to reduce the uncertainty on the cross sections of the nuclear reactions that are involved. In this paper we focus our attention on the reaction 18O(p,γ)19F. While the 18O(p, α)15N channel is thought to be dominant, the (p,γ) channel can still be an important component in stellar burning in giants, depending on the low energy cross section. So far only extrapolations from higher-energy measurements exist and recent estimates vary by orders of magnitude. These large uncertainties call for an experimental reinvestigation of this reaction.

We present a direct measurement of the 18O(p,γ)19F cross section using a high-efficiency 4π BGO summing detector at the Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (LUNA). The reaction cross section has been directly determined for the first time from 140 keV down to 85 keV and the different cross section components have been obtained individually. The previously highly uncertain strength of the 90 keV resonance was found to be three orders of magnitude lower than an indirect estimate based on nuclear properties of the resonant state and a factor of 20 lower than a recently established upper limit. This result excludes the possibility that the 90 keV resonance can contribute significantly to the stellar reaction rate.

In addition the strengths and branching ratios of resonances between 150 and 400 keV have been determined with much improved precision and sensitivity using a HPGe detector, including a first measurement of branching ratios of the 216 keV resonance. Preliminary results are presented.
Effect of glasses melting temperature to bubbles size on Sb2O3 doped glasses
Authors: Singkiburin N. , Srisittipokakun N. , Kaewkhao J.
Published: September 2021

The physical and optical properties of the glasses system in compositions (35-x)SiO2 : 30B2O3 : 15Na2O :10CaO :10ZnO : xSb2O3 where x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mol% were synthesized by using the melt-quenching technique and compared temperatures of 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300 and 1400 ºC. The results show that the density (ρ), molar volume (VM
) and refractive index (n) of glasses were tended to increase with increasing concentration of Sb2O3. On the opposite, when increasing melting temperature the result of the density (ρ), molar volume (VM
) and refractive index (n) of glasses were tended to decrease. The UV-Vis-NIR spectra of glasses were measured at the wavelength of 200-2000 nm. The number of bubbles in glasses tends to decrease with increasing concentration of Sb2O3 and melting temperature also.
Physical and Optical Properties of CuO doped in Glasses Prepared from Rice Husk Ash in Suphan Buri Province, Thailand
Authors: Yonphan Supakit , Srisittipokakun Nattapon , Kaewkhao Jakrapong
Published: September 2021

Glasses were prepared by rice husk ash (RHA) from Suphan Buri Province, Thailand. RHA was composed of SiO2 (95.932%), can be used instead of sand in the glass production. The glasses doped with CuO and composition of (40-x)SiO2(use RHA as SiO2): 20B2O3: 25Na2O: 15CaO: xCuO where x is 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 mol%. The density and refractive index of the glasses trend increases, while the molar volume trend decreases with the increasing of CuO concentration. The absorption bands were showed with the peaks around 774 nm (2B1g → 2B2g). The color coordinate in CIE L*a*b* system confirmed the blue color in glasses was obtain by adding the CuO.
Temperature Profile of Hollow Aluminum Heated using Thermoelectric on Both Sides
Authors: Zafirah T N , Triqadafi A O , Kamasi D D , Sakti S P
Published: September 2021

The use of QCM sensors for gas sensors requires a reaction space known as headspace. Gas sensor headspace is needed to be heated to enable the gas molecule to react with the sensor sensitive layer. In the development of a sensor array, sensor placement requires space. As a result, the sensor experiences a temperature condition influenced by the sensor’s placement. Our headspace was made of a rectangular aluminum hollow. The hollow dimension was 40mm in height and 20mm in width with an aluminum thickness of 1mm. The aluminum hollow was heated on two sides using two thermoelectric TEC-12706. The temperature distribution of the aluminum heated by thermoelectric on both sides shows the temperature distribution profile, which depends on its position towards the thermoelectric. At the elevated temperature of 80°C, aluminum’s surface temperature shows a uniform temperature distribution in the direction perpendicular to the thermoelectric surface. In the direction parallel to the thermoelectric surface, the temperature profile shows a curved curve with the thermoelectric midpoint’s highest temperature. The temperature difference between the point parallel to the midpoint and the thermoelectric edge is 5°C. A temperature difference of less than 1°C is only obtained in an area 1cm wide from the thermoelectric midpoint position. This result suggests that a wider thermoelectric surface should be considered to obtain a wider area with uniform temperature.
Can a hidden-variable-based system violate Bell’s inequality?
Authors: Bahnasy Mahmoud
Published: September 2021

Quantum mechanics predicts faster-than-light information transportation in order to satisfy quantum entanglement experimental results. Such a prediction violates the locality principle and Bell’s inequality. Quantum mechanisms also state that the world is intrinsically probabilistic. Such an idea was not welcome by many scientists including Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen. To resolve such a dilemma, the ”Many-world” theory was presented by Hugh Everett in 1975. Such a theory asserts that the universal wave function is real and that there is no wave function collapse. Also, it states that all possible outcomes of quantum measurements are physically realized in other parallel universes. Besides, in quantum mechanics, the observer effect defines a state transition of quantum objects. Such a phenomenon affirms that quantum objects behave differently depending on being observed or not.

In this paper, we present few assumptions based on which we build a classical hidden-variable-based system that can violate Bell’s inequality. Therefore, adopting similar assumptions in explaining quantum entanglement could lead to a better explanation of quantum mechanics without violating the locality principle or adopting such weird assumptions. Hence, one can conclude that extending Quantum Mechanism by a set of similar hidden variables can resolve such a paradox and predict the quantum entanglement experimental results without violating the locality principle.
Dynamic Equations Analysis and Proof
Authors: Nan “Julian” Zhang Zhong , Jiang Zhenghao “Peter” , Wang Xiaoyue “Violet”
Published: September 2021

This paper explores dynamic equations. Dynamic equation has been well researched and developed for centuries. It has applied to a wide variety of fields such as physics, biology, chemistry, engineering, economics, history, and medicine, etc, with significant impacts on human society. A most common and stereotypical example of a dynamic equation is logistic equation. In this paper the logistic equation is thoroughly analysed and discussed about its convergence over a number series at fixed points given different variable ranges. Furthermore, a powerful and tricky theorem of dynamic equation, Coppel’s Theorem, is proved: any dynamic equation series in 0 and 1 without 2-cycles will converge. The proof is difficult but creative and artistic.
Efficiency Comparison of the Parameters Estimation by a Fuzzy Linear Regression Model
Authors: Phanyaem S
Published: September 2021

The fuzzy regression method can be used for fitting the fuzzy data for the construction of the simple linear regression model. This paper aims to study the performance and compare the adaptive fuzzy method and traditional fuzzy method by using the criteria of mean square error (MSE) and the coefficient of determine R
2. A Monte Carlo simulation with 5,000 iterations was performed to achieve the objective of research. In simulations, the independent variable has a gamma distribution with the parameters are α = 4, 5, 6 and β = 1. We carried out simulations to examine the performance of MSE from the adaptive fuzzy regression model and the traditional fuzzy regression model. The results showed that the transformation of independent variable with gamma distribution to be a normal distribution make the simple linear regression by the adaptive fuzzy method outperforms the traditional fuzzy method. In terms of MSE, the adaptive fuzzy method performed better than the traditional fuzzy method. In addition, the values of coefficient of determine from the adaptive fuzzy method and the traditional fuzzy method are slightly different.
Research of Strain Sensor for Transmission Line Tower based on RFID
Authors: Ou Wenhao , Li Mengxuan , Liu Bin , Liu He
Published: September 2021

The change of foundation, line galloping and vibration will cause the change of the stress state of the tower. By monitoring the stress state of the tower, the accidents such as tower collapse and tower collapse can be forewarned in time. In view of the shortcomings of the existing tower stress monitoring device, such as inconvenient data collection and low measurement efficiency, this paper proposes a high-precision strain sensor chip and RFID technology-based strain sensor to monitor the tower strain. According to the characteristics of strain sensor collection unit and RFID technology, a low-power strain sensor for real-time monitoring of strain data of transmission towers was designed. It can be read and recorded by hand-held reader, which improves the collection efficiency of strain information of towers and reduces the manual operation. In view of the shortage of energy supply of transmission line sensors, the power consumption design extends the effective working time of the sensor.
Shooting-projection method for a small object moving under the influence of a force
Authors: Filipov S M , Faragó I , Avdzhieva A
Published: September 2021

We consider a small object in 3D moving under the influence of a force that may depend explicitly on time, on the position of the object, and on its velocity. The equations of motion of classical mechanics are assumed to hold. If the position of the object is specified at some initial and some final time, obtaining the trajectory of the object requires the solution of a two-point boundary value problem. To solve the problem various numerical technics can be applied. This paper extends the recently proposed shooting-projection method to 3D. We introduce a Lagrangian from which, applying the principle of least action, the projection trajectory is derived. Analysis of the action reveals the meaning of the projection trajectory. Using the shooting-projection method, the considered two-point boundary value problem is solved for the case of a projectile motion in the presence of air resistance and wind.
The influence of traditional javanese architecture in chinese-style house in Lasem
Authors: Wijayanti R
Published: September 2021

Chinese settlements in Lasem along the north coast of Java were the result of trading activities. The open-mindedness of Javanese people in coastal areas led to acculturation process between Javanese locals and Chinese immigrants that formed a new culture, including the architecture of Chinese-style houses in Lasem. The Chinese-style houses’ architecture has specific characteristics as the result of the cultural blend. This study aims to identify these characteristics, specifically the characteristics of Javanese architecture in the architecture of Chinese-style houses in Lasem. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive method by aligning the acculturation theories with the architecture of Chinese-style houses in Lasem. The study concludes that there was a process of acculturation between Javanese and Chinese architecture that can be found in the ornaments, materials, and layout.
Research of the effect of droplets deformation on the radar characteristics of rains
Authors: Sozaeva L T , Zhaboeva M M
Published: September 2021

The results of calculations of the radar characteristics of rains for the averaged spectra of drops specific to the North Caucasus are presented. The results are obtained under the assumption that the droplets are deformed when falling in clouds and precipitation, taking the form of a flattened spheroid. For comparison, the radar characteristics calculated by the Mi algorithm for spherical droplets are given. For individual large droplets, which under the influence of an electric field can take extreme sizes, the reflectivity are also calculated. The analysis of the obtained results showed that when reconstructing the microstructural characteristics of hail clouds and precipitation at high intensities, it is necessary to take into account the shape of drops.
The preliminary results of measuring specific charge on the particles of reagent forming by sublimation of AD-1 pyrotechnical composition
Authors: Khuchunaev B M , Gekkieva S O , Budaev A Kh
Published: September 2021

This article presents the results of laboratory experiments on testing of equipment and methods for determining the specific charge on reagent particles formed during the sublimation of the AgI and the AD-1 pyrocomposition. The method for measuring charged particles is based on the use of the deflection of reagent particles in the electric field of a flat capacitor. Preliminary results obtained in the course of research made it possible to establish that when pyrotechnic compositions are sublimated in the electric field of a flat capacitor with polarity «0», «+», the reagent particles are charged negatively, and when using a capacitor with polarities «0», «–», the particles of the reagent are charged positively. When using a bipolar capacitor, the particles are charged both positively and negatively, the ratio between negative and positively charged particles is 7:3.
Empirical model of the development of electrification process in convective clouds
Authors: Mikhailovskii Y P , Sin’kevich A A , Abshaev A M , Gekkieva J M
Published: September 2021

Results of the development of an empirical model of Cu electrification process are presented. A first part of the paper presents the initial stage of Cu organized electrization. It is based on aircraft investigations. The second part presents Cu characteristics during transition to thundercloud. It is based on the results of 100 experiments, where radar and lightning detection system LS8000 were used. The results confirm the crucial role of ice particles in the process of electrification of the convective cloud at all stages of its development.
Improving early warning methods for thunderstorm processes through the integrated use of active and passive radar techniques
Authors: Karavaev D M , Shchukin G G
Published: September 2021

The article examines the methodical aspects of the integrated use of passive and active radar to improve early warning methods for the development of powerful convective clouds and thunderstorm processes. Some results of complex experimental studies of the atmosphere and convective clouds in the Leningrad region are presented with the use of meteorological radar and ground-based microwave radiometers. Particular attention is paid to the use of microwave radiometry to separate the content of vapor moisture in the atmosphere and liquid water in the clouds, as well as the use of a comprehensive method of passive-active radar to determine the super cool water of powerful convective clouds. Prospects for improving technologies for predicting weather hazards associated with clouds and precipitation are connected with the use of a complex of radiophysical means of the Geophysical Observatory of the Mozhaisky Military Space Academy.
On the influence of glaciogenic seeding on the radar characteristics of hail clouds
Authors: Abshaev A M , Abshaev M T , Adzhiev Kh A , Gekkieva J M , Sinkevich A A , Mikhailovskii Y P
Published: September 2021

40 hail and hail-hazardous clouds of various strengths were considered, which were seeded with the help of a glaciogenic agents in order to prevent and interrupt hail. An unseeded control cloud was matched for each seeded cloud. For this, the parameter dV35 was used – the volume of the radio echo of the cloud with a reflectivity of more than 35 dBZ above the level of zero isotherm. A cloud was considered to be a control cloud if at the time of the beginning of seeding and 10 minutes before that dV35 differs by no more than 15% from the same value of the seeded cloud. To assess the possible impact of seeding, the radar characteristics of pairs of seeded and control clouds were analyzed. It was found that in the seeded clouds the average, maximum and minimum values of the maximum reflectivity, the height of the upper boundary, the vertically integrated water content, the intensity of precipitation and dV35 are higher, and the height of the maximum reflectivity is slightly lower than the similar values of the control clouds.
Representation theoretic embedding of twisted Dirac operators
Authors: Mehdi S. , Pandžić P.
Published: September 2021

Let

G
G

be a non-compact connected semisimple real Lie group with finite center. Suppose

L
L

is a non-compact connected closed subgroup of

G
G

acting transitively on a symmetric space

G

/

H

G/H

such that

L
∩
H

L\cap H

is compact. We study the action on

L

/

L
∩
H

L/L\cap H

of a Dirac operator

D

G

/

H

(
E
)

D_{G/H}(E)

acting on sections of an

E
E

-twist of the spin bundle over

G

/

H

G/H

. As a byproduct, in the case of
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-parenthesis upper G comma upper H comma upper L right-parenthesis equals left-parenthesis upper S upper L left-parenthesis 2 comma double-struck upper R right-parenthesis times upper S upper L left-parenthesis 2 comma double-struck upper R right-parenthesis comma normal upper Delta left-parenthesis upper S upper L left-parenthesis 2 comma double-struck upper R right-parenthesis times upper S upper L left-parenthesis 2 comma double-struck upper R right-parenthesis right-parenthesis comma upper S upper L left-parenthesis 2 comma double-struck upper R right-parenthesis times upper S upper O left-parenthesis 2 right-parenthesis right-parenthesis">

(
G
,
H
,
L
)
=
(
S
L
(
2
,

R

)
×
S
L
(
2
,

R

)
,
Δ
(
S
L
(
2
,

R

)
×
S
L
(
2
,

R

)
)
,
S
L
(
2
,

R

)
×
S
O
(
2
)
)

(G,H,L)=(SL(2,{\mathbb R})\times SL(2,{\mathbb R}),\Delta (SL(2,{\mathbb R})\times SL(2,{\mathbb R})),SL(2,{\mathbb R})\times SO(2))

, we identify certain representations of

L
L

which lie in the kernel of

D

G

/

H

(
E
)

D_{G/H}(E)

.
Cellular correlates of epileptic spikes with high-frequency oscillations in the human temporal lobe
Authors: Huberfeld Gilles , Le Van Quyen Michel
Published: September 2021

This scientific commentary refers to ‘Interictal spikes with and without high-frequency oscillation have different single-neuron correlates’ by Guth et al. (doi:10.1093/brain/awab288).
Evaluation of the risk of metachronous multiple squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck after transoral surgery based on the genetic polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase 1B and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2
Authors: Inoue Masaki , Shimizu Yuichi , Taniguchi Masanobu , Kimura Yuki , Furuhashi Hiroto , Dobashi Akira , Ikeya Takashi , Goda Kenichi , Kato Masayuki , Kato Mototsugu , Sakamoto Naoya , Watanabe Akihito
Published: September 2021

Patients with superficial head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) can be completely treated by techniques of transoral surgery (TOS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of metachronous multiple HNSCC arising after TOS based on alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). We registered patients who underwent TOS for superficial HNSCC. Buccal cell samples were obtained by using a cotton swab to examine two single nucleotide polymorphisms in ADH1B and ALDH2 genotyping. We used Cox proportional hazards models to examine the risk of metachronous HNSCC. A total of 198 patients who underwent TOS for HNSCC were evaluated. In multivariate analysis, risks for second HNSCC were ADH1B*1/*1 [hazard ratio (HR), 1.88; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11–3.19; P = 0.02], ALDH2*1/*2 (HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.00–5.16; P = 0.048) and alcohol consumption before TOS (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.06–1.27; P = 0.01). The 5-year incidence rates of second primary HNSCC in the temperance group and the non-temperance group were 20.8 and 46.5%, respectively (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31–0.92; P = 0.02). Cumulative development rates of third HNSCC in the temperance group and non-temperance group at 10 years were 11.3 and 36.1%, respectively (HR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.03–0.65; P = 0.006). ADH1B*1/*1, ALDH2*1/*2 and moderate or heavy alcohol consumption before treatment are independent risk factors of metachronous HNSCC. Since it was shown that temperance decreased the incidences of second and third metachronous HNSCC, advice to discontinue alcohol drinking is necessary.
Understanding the Potential Impact of Different Drug Properties on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Transmission and Disease Burden: A Modelling Analysis
Authors: Whittaker Charles , Watson Oliver J , Alvarez-Moreno Carlos , Angkasekwinai Nasikarn , Boonyasiri Adhiratha , Carlos Triana Luis , Chanda Duncan , Charoenpong Lantharita , Chayakulkeeree Methee , Cooke Graham S , Croda Julio , Cucunubá Zulma M , Djaafara Bimandra A , Estofolete Cassia F , Grillet Maria Eugenia , Faria Nuno R , Figueiredo Costa Silvia , Forero-Peña David A , Gibb Diana M , Gordon Anthony C , Hamers Raph L , Hamlet Arran , Irawany Vera , Jitmuang Anupop , Keurueangkul Nukool , Kimani Teresia Njoki , Lampo Margarita , Levin Anna S , Lopardo Gustavo , Mustafa Rima , Nayagam Shevanthi , Ngamprasertchai Thundon , Njeri Ng’ang’a Irene Hannah , Nogueira Mauricio L , Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Perroud Mauricio W , Phillips Andrew N , Promsin Panuwat , Qavi Ambar , Rodger Alison J , Sabino Ester C , Sangkaew Sorawat , Sari Djayanti , Sirijatuphat Rujipas , Sposito Andrei C , Srisangthong Pratthana , Thompson Hayley A , Udwadia Zarir , Valderrama-Beltrán Sandra , Winskill Peter , Ghani Azra C , Walker Patrick G T , Hallett Timothy B
Published: September 2021

Background

The public health impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has motivated a rapid search for potential therapeutics, with some key successes. However, the potential impact of different treatments, and consequently research and procurement priorities, have not been clear.

Methods

Using a mathematical model of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, COVID-19 disease and clinical care, we explore the public-health impact of different potential therapeutics, under a range of scenarios varying healthcare capacity, epidemic trajectories; and drug efficacy in the absence of supportive care.

Results

The impact of drugs like dexamethasone (delivered to the most critically-ill in hospital and whose therapeutic benefit is expected to depend on the availability of supportive care such as oxygen and mechanical ventilation) is likely to be limited in settings where healthcare capacity is lowest or where uncontrolled epidemics result in hospitals being overwhelmed. As such, it may avert 22% of deaths in high-income countries but only 8% in low-income countries (assuming R = 1.35). Therapeutics for different patient populations (those not in hospital, early in the course of infection) and types of benefit (reducing disease severity or infectiousness, preventing hospitalization) could have much greater benefits, particularly in resource-poor settings facing large epidemics.

Conclusions

Advances in the treatment of COVID-19 to date have been focused on hospitalized-patients and predicated on an assumption of adequate access to supportive care. Therapeutics delivered earlier in the course of infection that reduce the need for healthcare or reduce infectiousness could have significant impact, and research into their efficacy and means of delivery should be a priority.
Association Between Airborne Infection Isolation Room Utilization Rates and Healthcare Worker Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infections in 2 Academic Hospitals
Authors: Klompas Michael , Ye Shangyuan , Vaidya Vineeta , Ochoa Aileen , Baker Meghan A , Hopcia Karen , Hashimoto Dean , Wang Rui , Rhee Chanu
Published: September 2021

We compared healthcare worker severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rates between March and August 2020 in 2 similar hospitals with high vs low airborne infection isolation room utilization rates but otherwise identical infection control policies. We found no difference in healthcare worker infection rates between the 2 hospitals, nor between patient-facing vs non-patient-facing providers.
Inflammation during the life cycle of the atherosclerotic plaque
Authors: Libby Peter
Published: September 2021

Inflammation orchestrates each stage of the life cycle of atherosclerotic plaques. Indeed, inflammatory mediators likely link many traditional and emerging risk factors with atherogenesis. Atheroma initiation involves endothelial activation with recruitment of leucocytes to the arterial intima, where they interact with lipoproteins or their derivatives that have accumulated in this layer. The prolonged and usually clinically silent progression of atherosclerosis involves periods of smouldering inflammation, punctuated by episodes of acute activation that may arise from inflammatory mediators released from sites of extravascular injury or infection or from subclinical disruptions of the plaque. Smooth muscle cells and infiltrating leucocytes can proliferate but also undergo various forms of cell death that typically lead to formation of a lipid-rich ‘necrotic’ core within the evolving intimal lesion. Extracellular matrix synthesized by smooth muscle cells can form a fibrous cap that overlies the lesion’s core. Thus, during progression of atheroma, cells not only procreate but perish. Inflammatory mediators participate in both processes. The ultimate clinical complication of atherosclerotic plaques involves disruption that provokes thrombosis, either by fracture of the plaque’s fibrous cap or superficial erosion. The consequent clots can cause acute ischaemic syndromes if they embarrass perfusion. Incorporation of the thrombi can promote plaque healing and progressive intimal thickening that can aggravate stenosis and further limit downstream blood flow. Inflammatory mediators regulate many aspects of both plaque disruption and healing process. Thus, inflammatory processes contribute to all phases of the life cycle of atherosclerotic plaques, and represent ripe targets for mitigating the disease.