bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Societal Self-observation in the Time of Datafication: Interfunctional Analysis of the Chilean Open Data Web Portal
Authors: Heimstädt Maximilian
Published: July 2018

Datafication, the technological development that emerged out ofcomputerization and global interconnectedness, has spawned new forms ofsocietal self-observations. In the present article I turn to the example ofOpen Data web portals—specialized websites that make large amounts ofgovernmental datasets publicly available—to show how they relate to thestatus quo of social research on functional differentiation. For myanalysis of the Chilean Portal de Datos Públicos I developed a method tolink metadata categories from the web portal to a hard-core list of tenfunction systems. My results confirm literature, which finds economized orpoliticized forms of societal self-description. Moreover the results are inline with studies that show the vanishing role of religion. Interestingly,my study finds health to be of high importance—I might even speak of a“healthized” self-observation—which I argue is at odds with a negligiblerepresentation of the function system “sport” within the self-observation.For future interfunctional social research in the time of datafication, Irecommend sharpening the empirical approach by exploring emerging text-as-data methods.Keywords: Datafication, functional differentiation, interfunctionalanalysis, self-observation, social systems, Open Data
VULNERABILITY OF MOUNTAIN RIVERS TO WASTE DUMPING FROM NEAMT COUNTY, ROMANIA
Authors: MIHAI Florin Constantin
Published: July 2018

Lack of waste management facilities from mountain region often lead to theuncontrolled disposal of waste on river banks polluting the localenvironment and damaging the tourism potential. Geographical conditionsinfluence the distribution of human settlements which are located along therivers and its tributaries. This paper aims to estimate the amounts ofhousehold waste generated and uncollected disposed into mountain rivers,taking into account several factors such as:proximity to rivers to thehuman settlements, the morphology of villages, length of river that crossesthe locality(built up areas), local population, the access to wastecollection services and waste management infrastructure. The vulnerabilityof rivers to illegal dumping is performed using GIS techniques,highlighting the localities pressure on rivers in close proximity. For thispurpose, it developed a calculation model for estimation the amounts ofwaste (kg) that are dumped on a river section (m) that crosses a locality(village) or it is in close proximity. This estimation is based on the“principleof proximity and minimum effort” it can be applied in any mountainousregion that are lacking or partially access to waste collection services.It is an assessment tool of mountain rivers vulnerability to waste dumping,taking into account the geographical and demographic conditions of thestudy area. Also the currentdysfunctions are analyzed based on field observations.
Urban Science: A Short Primer
Authors: Kitchin Rob
Published: July 2018

This paper provides a short introductory overview of urban science. It defines urban science, details its practioners and their aims, sets out its relationship to urban informatics and urban studies, and explains its epistemology and the analysis of urban big data. It then summarizes criticism of urban science with respect to epistemology, instrumental rationality, data issues, and ethics. It is concluded that urban science research will continue to grow for the foreseeable future, providing a valuable means of making sense of cities, but that it is unlikely it will become a new paradigm, producing an integrative approach that replaces the diverse philosophical traditions within urban studies.
Spatial distribution of rural dumpsites parameters in Romania
Authors: MIHAI Florin Constantin
Published: July 2018

Poor waste management facilities led to uncontrolled waste disposal onimproper sites in the proximity of human settlements particularly in ruralareas. This bad practice prevailed in all rural regions until 16 July 2009when these garbage dumps should be closed and rehabilitated according toGovernment Decision number 345/2005 which comply the Landfill Directive1999/31/EC. The paper aims a spatialanalysis of waste indicators concerning the rural dumpsites atadministrativeterritorial units on national, regional and local scale. These data arecorrelated to geographical conditions reflecting spatial patterns in theirdistribution across and within Romanian counties. The role of geographicalconditions is revealed at local scales in these spatial patterns due to alow coverage rate of rural communities towaste collection services. Such analysis supported by field observations isnecessary for a proper understanding of illegal waste disposal issue. Ruralregions are still exposed to such bad practices pollutingthe local environment.
Draft Report on Tibet's Linguistic Minorities
Authors: Roche Gerald
Published: July 2018

This draft report is based on a preliminary analysis of the results of the ‘Survey of Tibet’s Minority Languages’ conducted by Dr. Gerald Roche at the Asia Institute, University of Melbourne. The survey aimed to assess the vitality of approximately 30 languages spoken by Tibetans in China. ‘Vitality’ can be roughly defined as an indicator of a language’s chances of being sustained in the future – if vitality is low, the language is less likely to be spoken in the future, if the vitality is high, it probably will. Data were collected on 20 languages (see Appendix 1 for further information). This data consisted of expert testimony from linguists and anthropologists who are intimately familiar with the demographic, social, political, cultural contexts in which the languages are spoken (see Appendix 2 for details). Questions consisted of multiple choice and Likert scale questions; opportunity for open comment was also provided. Where applicable, the caption above each graph shows the question that respondents were asked to answer. Unless otherwise stated, values shown indicate the number of languages. The information below each chart highlights key findings. This preliminary analysis of the data is being made available to help raise awareness of the situation faced by these languages; a more rigorous analysis will follow in subsequent publications.
An investigation of Social Class Inequalities in General Cognitive Ability in Two British Birth Cohorts
Authors: Connelly Roxanne , Gayle Vernon
Published: July 2018

The ‘Flynn effect’ describes the substantial and long-standing increase in average cognitive ability test scores, which has been observed in numerous psychological studies. Flynn makes an appeal for researchers to move beyond psychology’s standard disciplinary boundaries and to consider sociological contexts, in order to develop a more comprehensive understanding of cognitive inequalities. In this article we respond to this appeal and investigate social class inequalities in general cognitive ability test scores over time. We analyse data from the National Child Development Study (1958) and the British Cohort Study (1970). These two British birth cohorts are suitable nationally representative large-scale data resources for studying inequalities in general cognitive ability.We observe a large parental social class effect, net of parental education and gender in both cohorts. The overall finding is that large social class divisions in cognitive ability can be observed when children are still at primary school, and similar patterns are observed in each cohort. Notably, pupils with fathers at the lower end of the class structure are at a distinct disadvantage. This is a disturbing finding and it is especially important because cognitive ability is known to influence individuals later in the lifecourse.
The Relational Nature of Employment Dualization: Evidence from Subcontracting Establishments
Authors: Ochsenfeld Fabian
Published: July 2018

Scholars argue that the dual path to labor market flexibility protects the privileges of core workers at the expense of employees relegated to a peripheral employment sector. Yet whether core workers indeed benefit from workforce segmentation remains disputed. To scrutinize this question, I study how the wages of core workers with less than college education respond when their employer shifts employment out to subcontractors, using linked employer-employee panel data from Germany. Empirically, I find the effect of subcontracting on average to be either positive or neutral, but not negative. The presence and strength of the positive effect depends, first, on whether the type of subcontracting affords core workers with codetermination rights, second, on whether core workers are represented by a works council to exercise these rights, and, third, on whether these rights are exercised in a context that augments the bargaining position of core workers by rendering conflictual labor relations costly to the employer.
Improvements of techniques to estimate migration rates: An application with Brazilian censuses data
Authors: Amaral Ernesto F. L.
Published: July 2018

This paper intends to develop procedures which can be applied to different countries and databases to estimate migration rates using information on place of previous residence (last-move data) and duration of residence. For this, some modifications are proposed to previous methods, in order to improve the measurement of migration rates. Other estimations were calculated with information on place of residence at some fixed date in the past. Results suggest that estimations with improved techniques using last-move data give similar results to those ones provided by techniques based on place of residence from a specified number of years preceding the Census enumeration. As a demonstration, 1970, 1980, 1991 and 2000 Brazilian Censuses are used to estimate both sets of rates.
Size Matters to Lesbians Too: Queer Feminist Interventions into the Scale of Big Data
Authors: Gieseking Jack
Published: July 2018

How can we recognize those whose lives and data become attached to the far-from-groundbreaking framework of “small data”? Specifically, how can marginalized people who do not have the resources to produce, self-categorize, analyze, or store “big data” claim their place in the big data debates? I examine the place of lesbians and queer women in the big data debates through the Lesbian Herstory Archive’s not “big” enough lgbtq organizing history dataset—perhaps the largest dataset known to exist on lgbtq activist history—as one such alternative. A contribution to critical data studies, I take a queer feminist approach to the scale of big data by reading for the imbricated scales and situated knowledge of data.
Improving Senior Secondary Students’ Retention in Electrolysis Using Collaborative Concept Mapping Instructional Strategy (CCMIS)
Authors: Ajayi Victor Oluwatosin
Published: July 2018

In this study, improving senior secondary students’ retention in electrolysis using Collaborative Concept Mapping Instructional Strategy (CCMIS) was examined. A sample of 189 students from six selected secondary schools out of a population of 5,114 Senior Secondary I students from Ardo-Kola Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria was used for the study. Non-equivalent quasi-experimental research design was adopted. The instrument used for data collection was Electrolysis Retention Test (ERT) with the reliability value of 0.78 using Kuder-Richardson. Two research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. Mean and Standard Deviation scores were used to answer the research questions while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses. The study revealed that there is significant difference in the mean retention scores between students taught electrolysis using CCMIS and discussion method in favour of CCMIS; [F(1,97) =6.300, P<0.050]. No significant difference was found in the mean retention scores between male and female students taught electrolysis using CCMIS; [F(1,97) =6.300, P>0.050]. It also found no significant interaction effect between methods and gender on the mean retention scores of students in electrolysis; [F(1,197) =.318, P>0.050]. It was recommended among others that CCMIS should be adopted while teaching electrolysis since it has been proved to be a viable option in enhancing students’ retention capacity regardless of their gender.
"How can you love a work, if you don't know it?": Critical Code and Design toward Participatory Digital Editions
Authors: Visconti Amanda
Published: July 2018

A literature/digital humanities PhD digital dissertation, exploring the design, coding, and usertesting of the InfiniteUlysses.com participatory digital edition, participatory digital humanities and meaningful crowdsourcing more broadly, and meta-analysis of a unique digital humanities dissertation approach that consisted of design, code, usertesting, blogging, and a whitepaper written during the final month before the PhD defense. The dissertation *is* dr.amandavisconti.com; I've uploaded both the PDF of the whitepaper and a ZIP of the entire dr.amandavisconti.com website (which includes archived blog posts, WARCs of the InfiniteUlysses.com digital edition, and more).
Translating Figurative Proverbs from Two Syrian Novels:Muftaraq al-MaṭarbyYūsuf al-Maḥmūd and Anājīl al-Xarāb by NaufalNayouf
Authors: Studies AWEJ-tls for Translation & Literary , Issa Huwaida
Published: July 2018

This paper studies the possibilities of translating a few figurative proverbs, mainly metaphorical, in the two Syrian novels Muftaraq al-MaṭarbyYūsuf al-Maḥmūd and Anājīl al-Xarāb by NaufalNayouf. It also showcases how to translate proverbs with phonic features such as alliteration, assonance and rhyme. This is done by taking examples from the aforementioned novels and examining these formal features before and after translating the selected proverbs. This research also reviews a few scholarly approaches to the translation of culture-bound items, metaphor and proverbs. It then focuses on implementing Toury’s view on translating metaphor and shows how many proverbs have preserved metaphor, alliteration, assonance and rhyme in the target language (TL), and how many proverbs have lost these stylistic devices in the TL.
From Maimonides to Microsoft: The Jewish Law of Copyright Since the Birth of Print, Introduction
Authors: Netanel Neil
Published: July 2018

In this book, Neil Netanel traces the historical development of Jewish copyright law. In so doing, he compares rabbinic reprinting bans with secular and papal book privileges and relays the stories of dramatic disputes among publishers of books of Jewish learning and liturgy, beginning with the early sixteenth century and continuing until today. He describes each dispute in its historical context and examines the rabbinic rulings that sought to resolve it. Remarkably, the rabbinic reprinting bans and copyright rulings address some of the same issues that animate copyright jurisprudence today: Is copyright a property right or just a right to receive fair compensation? How long should copyrights last? What purposes does copyright serve? While Jewish copyright law has borrowed from its secular counterpart at key junctures, it fashions strikingly different answers to those key questions.
The Social Determinants of Cognitive Bias: The Effects of Low Capability on Decision Making in a Framing Experiment
Authors: Plante Charles , Lassoued Rim , Phillips Peter W.B.
Published: July 2018

According to leading sociological thinking, the mind is shaped by wider society. In this study, we administer a modified version of Tversky and Kahneman’s seminal framing experiment to a large and representative sample of Canadians. Our design allows us to explore which groups of people actually exhibit different cognitive biases. We find that the majority of people in our experiment do not exhibit loss aversion bias and that several people exhibit an opposite bias we call “turtling.” Turtlers prefer smaller certain options when choices are framed as losses and larger uncertain options when they are framed as gains. People that suffer low capability, measured by a person’s risk of experiencing low income based on their socio-demographic characteristics, are far more likely to turtle than others.
A Gynocritic-intersectional Reading of Raja Alem’s The Dove’s Necklace
Authors: Studies AWEJ-tls for Translation & Literary , Aldeeb Najla R.
Published: July 2018

When Showalter (1981) coined the term gynocriticism to undermine feminist methodicide, feminist literary criticism established a clear methodological structure for application (as cited in Barry, 2009, pp. 17-20). However, as a result of technology, globalization and political changes, women suffer not only because of their gender but also because of their class, race or religion, which Crenchaw (1989) summarizes in the term “intersectionality” (p. 538). Shedding light on women’s multiple identities can help contemporary societies spot the discrimination that contemporary women suffer from; consequently, these societies can find solutions to eliminate the sources of women’s double marginalization. Race, class, ethnicity, religion and sexual orientation are intersecting loci of discriminations or privileges (McCall, 2005, p. 1771). Although this is a western paradigm, it can be applied to Saudi Arabian literature. The elements of gynocriticism and intersectionality are evident in the works of Raja Alem, a feminist writer from Mecca, Saudi Arabia and the first woman to win the International Prize for Arabic Fiction. Due to the dearth of structured feminist literary criticism in the Arab world, this paper traces the history of feminist literary criticism and applies a gynocritic-intersectional model to Raja Alem’s novel, The Dove’s Necklace (2012) in order to examine the projection of women and help close the research gap in Arabic feminist criticism. The researcher probes the biological, linguistic, psychoanalytical and cultural depiction of the female characters in the novel along with their intersectional identities. The findings show that women’s overlapping identities influence the way they experience oppression and discrimination.
Archipelago of Risk: Uncertainty, Borders and Migration Detention Systems
Authors: Mitropoulos Angela
Published: July 2018

This essay takes Deleuze’s ‘Postscript’ as a point of departure for a theory of risk analytics. The illustrative case in this essay is the Australian ‘Detention Network’, a vast system of migration detention that has been wholly privatised since 1997 and has served as a laboratory for similar systems in other parts of the world. This illustration tests the limits of normative and constructivist theories of risk. The principal argument in this essay is that contemporary analytics of risk are preoccupied with integrating uncertainty (or uninsurable risk) into formulations of risk, and that this necessarily gives rise to complex, archipelagic systems of abstract and physical dimensions. it places the emphasis on contracts as mechanisms that assemble stochastic processes into sociotechnical systems and forms of value.
Gender Stereotypes in Fantasy Fairy Tales: Cinderella
Authors: Studies AWEJ-tls for Translation & Literary , Shaban Abir El
Published: July 2018

This paper explores gender stereotypes and culture depicted in three different versions of Cinderella children textbooks. The researcher has limited the study of fairy tales to Cinderella, the western version that she grew up reading it, and two other eastern versions: The Egyptian Cinderella and The Korean Cinderella. The characteristics of all versions represent different ethnics and cultural backgrounds. Findings that are based on discourse analysis show that the criteria of beauty and stereotype vary among all of the three versions of Cinderella children textbooks. That variation is based on the perspective of the culture represented in each one of the stories. Some valuable educational implications to limit the stereotypical gender misconceptions in children literature are presented to both parents and teachers.
The Dubious Autonomy of Virtual Worlds
Authors: Lemley Mark
Published: July 2018

Current debates over the autonomy of virtual worlds have an eeriesimilarity to discussions about the independence of cyberspace two decadesago. The history of the Internet offers some important lessons for how thelaw will affect virtual worlds, and how it should do so.
KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA DAN MENULIS DALAM MENINGKATKAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN LITERASI SAINS
Authors: Wakhidah Nur
Published: July 2018

AbstrakKeterampilan membaca diperlukan dalam bidang apapun termasuk dalam matapelajaran IPA. Dengan membaca orang akan memahami sesuatu dan memperoleh informasi. Seseorang dikatakan telah paham apabila dapat menerima informasi dan dapat menginformasikan kembali. Penyampaian informasi kembali dapat melalui bahasa lisan maupun tulisan. Menulis juga merupakan keterampilan yang diperlukan untuk menyampaikan gagasan dalam rangka berpikir kritis dan kreatif. Dalam membaca dan menulis terdapat keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi yaitu berpikir kritis. Dengan berpikir kritis saat memahami bacaan maka seseorang juga akan mempunyai kecenderungan untuk kritis dalam menyampaikan ide-ide melalui bahasa tulis. Keterampilan dalam membaca literatur dan menuliskan konsep yang telah dibaca dan ditulisnya diharapkan dapat meningkatkan literasi sains.
Pathologies of Development Practice
Authors: Naqvi Ijlal
Published: July 2018

Development actors are regularly aware of the shortcomings of governance interventions before, during, and after development assistance is introduced, yet those programs continue and are even revisited. Why? This paper uses the Pakistani experience with power sector reforms to illustrate how the donor-led reform agenda had readily apparent shortcomings. A new wave of development thinking responds to such failures by drawing on complexity theory and moving toward more local, iterative and experimental approaches. However, by highlighting how the awareness of problems with reforms isn’t sufficient to avoid them, this paper points to a higher order of obstacles which remain unaddressed.
A Program to Develop the Students’ Awareness of E-learning and its Applications in English in the Foundation Program of Dhofar University
Authors: Journal Arab World English , Soliman Sobhy Ahmed , Waziry Ashry Abdallah Mahmoud
Published: July 2018

This study aims to identify the degree to which English language students in the Foundation Program at Dhofar University, Oman are aware of e-learning and its applications in their field of specialization. It further attempts to identify the effectiveness of certain patterns and tools of e-learning in student performance, using both descriptive and experimental approaches. To achieve these goals, researchers use a scale to measure the awareness of e-learning that includes twenty-five multiple choice questions and an evaluation card on e-learning applications in English. The study sample consists of sixty male and female students at the university. There are two primary outcomes. First, the degree of student awareness of English language e-learning is found to be relatively weak, with statistically significant differences in awareness among male and female students in favor of females. There are further statistically significant differences between students’ average scores before and after the development of an e-learning awareness program in favor of post application. The study makes a number of recommendations, including adopting the pilot awareness program in all majors and holding e-learning training seminars for both faculty and students, which, it is hoped, will bolster the effectiveness of e-learning at the university.
Relational Categorization: Evidence from the Diversification of American Labor Unions
Authors: Ferguson John-Paul
Published: July 2018

This article draws upon the changes in voting patterns for American laborunions in recent decades to extend organizational theory about howcategorization systems are reproduced and break down. Recent categorizationresearch emphasizes cognitive mechanisms for the reproduction of categoryschemes: actors explicitly evaluate organizations against an ideal set ofcategories. This article argues that category schemes can also bereproduced as the epiphenomena of stable social interactions. Such“relational” mechanisms are particularly useful for understanding whyspecialized organizations sometimes manage to diversify, despite havingsimilar audiences. When stable patterns of social interaction aredisrupted, category schemes that were reproduced by such interactionsquickly fall apart. Predictions based on this theory are tested on theattempts by American labor unions to diversify their memberships between1961 and 1999. Consistent with the theory, workers after the early 1980scame to vote for unions that diversified their organizing acrossindustries, but only if those unions had adopted organizational reformsconsistent with those described in recent literature on labor-unionrevitalization. The interaction between such revitalization attempts byindividual unions and the strength of union jurisdiction is explored usinga combination of interviews with current and former union staff andorganizers, and quantitative analysis of four decades’ organizing drives.
Book Review: "Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis in archaeological computational modeling" edited by Marieka Briuwer Burg, Hans Peeters, William A. Lovis
Authors: Marwick Ben
Published: July 2018

This volume is collection of papers emerging from a forum at the 2014 SAA meetings. The papers are motivated by the question of how we can measure and interpret uncertainty in quantitative archaeological models, specifically by using sensitivity analysis. The types of models discussed in this volume include geo-referenced models of past environments to infer hunter-gather land use, and agent-based models of cultural transmission processes. They explore various sources of uncertainty, and implement sensitivity analysis by assessing how the output of the models varies according to changes in the inputs. The motivation for this collection is the editors' observations that archaeologists lack a discipline-based protocol for testing models.
A eutanásia: entre o debate jurídico e a evolução da opinião pública
Authors: Ferreira Nuno
Published: July 2018

Os métodos mais modernos de reanimação e suporte da vida humana têm vindo a prolongar muitas vidas para além de qualquer prognóstico, provocando consequências negativas inesperadas: o prolongamento do sofrimento em caso de pacientes terminais, a manutenção da vida sob condições de consciência inexistente ou muito diminuta, e toda uma série de condições consideradas por muitos como não valendo a pena serem vividas. Estes estados médicos são igualmente responsáveis pela dissociação da vida biológica (que continua) da vida psicológica (que se extingue). Em virtude destas circunstâncias, muitas pessoas defendem a legalização da eutanásia.Nos últimos anos, tiveram lugar vários acontecimentos que lançaram o debate sobre a eutanásia com surpreendente vigor. O Senado francês aprovou uma lei relativa aos direitos dos pacientes e ao fim da vida que, na opinião de muitas pessoas, representa um passo na direcção da legalização da eutanásia. Foram lançados, com enorme êxito, dois filmes emocionantes que retrataram a vida e morte reais do espanhol Ramon Sampedro (“Mar Adentro”) e ficcionais da americana Maggie Fitzgerald (“One Million Dollar Baby”). Porém, o acontecimento mais importante foi, sem dúvida, a morte da americana Terri Schiavo que se tornou a telenovela diária nos lares de muitas famílias em todo o mundo em Março de 2005. Por último, a Associação Portuguesa de Bioética, que já em Maio do corrente ano apresentou um parecer relativo ao valor legal das “directivas antecipadas de vontade” , anunciou recentemente uma proposta de legislação relativa a testamentos vitais e procuradores de saúde. Esta legislação viria ajudar Portugal a dar “um salto para a modernidade”, assim como permitir que as pessoas “optem por morrer com dignidade e tenham uma morte digna e serena”. Afigura-se, portanto, oportuno rever algumas noções básicas relacionadas com este tema e identificar alguns dos acontecimentos mais recentes neste âmbito, quer na Europa, quer noutros continentes. Pretende-se, igualmente, com este texto, analisar a evolução da opinião pública nos últimos anos. O objectivo final é analisar a relevância e a razoabilidade das tradicionais distinções entre eutanásia ‘passiva’, ‘activa’ e ‘indirecta’. O debate francês sobre a Lei Vincent Humbert, a proposta legislativa do Lorde Joffe para o suicídio medicamente assistido (“Assisted Dying Bill”) no Reino Unido e o caso de sedação excessiva no hospital espanhol Severo Ochoa confirmaram as críticas habituais aos argumentos tradicionalmente utilizados contra a eutanásia. É, portanto, adequado reavaliar argumentos, distinções e opiniões. Adoptamos uma perspectiva quasi-interdisciplinar, na medida em que tentamos incluir tanto considerações legais como sociais. Consideramos que é muito mais importante, neste debate, acolher diferentes perspectivas que permitam enriquecer a análise proposta, do que descrever tecnicismos legais desprovidos de real interesse na obtenção de uma solução razoável.
AN UNUSUAL POWER: The rise and influence of medical doctors
Authors: Wilkin Stanley
Published: July 2018

The history and development of the medical profession considering to what degree its different sections are scientific, if they are not what are they, and if not scientific what are the actual effects of their procedures.
Black Cyberfeminism: Ways Forward for Classification Situations, Intersectionality and Digital Sociology
Authors: Cottom Tressie McMillan
Published: July 2018

This paper considers what intersectionality brings to digital sociology. I will usedigital sociology to mean: observing social processes at the micro, meso, and macrolevel that are transformed or mediated by digital logics, technologies and platforms. T
Seeing is Believing: Religious Media Consumption and Public Opinion toward Same-Sex Relationships
Authors: Perry Samuel , Schnabel Landon
Published: July 2018

An extensive literature demonstrates that religion is a key determinant of Americans’ social and political attitudes. This literature, however, has neglected an important measure of everyday religious practice, preference, and socialization: religious media consumption. We take a key social issue where attitudes have been shown to be largely shaped by religion—same-sex relationships—as an example to determine whether religious media consumption predicts social attitudes net of the measures typically included in the literature on religion and attitudes: affiliation, practice, and literalism. We draw on data from three national surveys, each of which contains different measures of religious media consumption and attitudes toward various same-sex relationships: the 1998 General Social Survey, 2005 Baylor Religion Survey, and 2012 Portraits of American Life Study. Both multivariate and propensity score matching analyses demonstrate that religious media consumption independently predicts lower support for same-sex relationships in all three surveys. We propose that religious media consumption is a key measure of religious practice, preference, and socialization that shapes Americans’ views toward social issues through both direct messages and by fortifying subcultural boundaries.
José Revueltas y la filosofía latinoamericana: imágenes cinematográficas del mundo
Authors: Lopera Alejandro Sanchez
Published: July 2018

En este artículo sostengo que la obra del escritor mexicano JoséRevueltas Sánchez (1914-1976) se aleja de las convenciones de lafilosofía latinoamericana, al dejar atrás la experiencia del lamentoy la nostalgia por la unidad perdida, así como el extravío delser sepultado por el colonialismo. Argumento, además, que aello Revueltas opone un pensamiento sin finalidad y un análisisantimoralista de la verdad. Para lograrlo, postulo que Revueltasutiliza un método basado en la construcción de una imagen cinematográficadel pensamiento. Esto permite construir otra imagende América Latina, y de su filosofía, por fuera de la moral delsufrimiento o la victimización por parte de Europa. Esa imagenes la de Latinoamérica como isla y no como continente.
Journal Scholar Metrics: building an Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences journal ranking with Google Scholar data
Authors: Martín-Martín Alberto , Orduna-Malea Enrique , López-Cózar Emilio Delgado
Published: July 2018

This paper describes the creation of “Journal Scholar Metrics” (JSM), a prototype web application that ranks journals in the areas of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences (AH&SS) on the basis of the citations their articles have received according to Google Scholar Metrics (GSM). To identify as many AH&SS journals as possible, a master list of 66,454 journals covered by various databases was developed. All AH&SS journals in that list were searched on GSM. Additionally, a series of keyword searches were carried out to identify journals covered by GSM which weren’t present in the master list. A total of 9,188 AH&SS journals with names written in Latin characters were found in the 2015 edition of GSM (which displays data about articles published between 2010 and 2014). Besides the journal-level indicators provided by GSM (H5-index and H5-median), several additional indicators were computed (H5-citations, H5-index and H5-citations without journal self-citations, and journal self-citation rate). Journals are displayed by subject categories and by country of publication. Quartiles were computed for each category, and journals in a category were further classified either as core (high affinity to the category) or related (partial affinity). A detail page for each journal is also available, displaying journal indicators, as well as a list of other databases were the journal is indexed.
Quantifying wildlife watchers’ preferences to investigate the overlap between recreational and conservation value of natural areas
Authors: Mancini Francesca , Coghill George M. , Lusseau David
Published: July 2018

1.Nature-based recreation provides substantial benefits for human wellbeing, including improving physical and mental health, but can also have severe ecological impacts. The recreational value of landscapes and natural areas is often used to generate support for public spending in conservation. However, we still don’t know whether nature-based recreationists place greater recreational value on natural areas that have high conservation value compared to other green spaces.2.Here, we determine which attributes of nature-based tourism destinations provide recreational services. We used pictures of wildlife posted on Flickr to quantify wildlife-watching activities in Scotland. We then determined the environmental variables key to attracting wildlife watchers to a destination, such as protected areas (PAs), the perceived naturalness, and the presence of different types of infrastructure.3.Infrastructure is the best predictor of intensity of wildlife watching activities in Scotland, while areas of high natural value are rarely used. PAs act as a weak attractor of wildlife watchers, with PAs designated to protect threatened habitats or species having low recreational value. In accessible and highly visited areas, higher biodiversity increases the intensity of wildlife watching activities.4.Synthesis and applications. Areas of high natural and conservation value and areas of high recreational value do not tend to overlap. Recreational ecosystem services are mainly provided by the wider countryside and highly transformed landscapes as opposed to wild ecosystems and PAs designated to protect environmental features of high conservation value. These results question the synergy between the goals of recreation and those of conservation and the use of recreation as a justification for economic investment in conservation. During wildlife watching activities most people experience an urbanised, highly transformed nature; it will be important to determine how this human-dominated nature can influence support for conservation of wild and remote areas.
The Residential Segregation of Same-Sex Households from Different-Sex Households in Metropolitan USA, circa-2010
Authors: Compton D'Lane , Poston Dudley , Xiong Qian , Knox Emily
Published: July 2018

Residential segregation is a major area of research in demography. By far the majority of the research has focused on the segregation of racial/ethnic minorities from the majority white group in metropolitan areas of the United States and several other countries. Few analyses have focused on the spatial segregation of sexual minorities from the majority. In this paper we analyze the residential segregation of gay male and lesbian households from heterosexual married and heterosexual cohabiting households. We use two dissimilarity measures of residential segregation and draw on data from the American Community Surveys for 2008 through 2012 to calculate segregation scores for the 100 MSAs with the largest gay male and lesbian populations in around the year 2010. We show that there is a sizable amount of homosexual-heterosexual residential segregation. We also show that gay males are more segregated from different-sex partners than are lesbians, and that levels of segregation vary positively across the cities with the size of the gay and lesbian populations.
New Survey Questions and Estimators for Network Clustering with Respondent-Driven Sampling Data
Authors: Verdery Ashton M. , Fisher Jacob C. , Siripong Nalyn , Abdesselam Kahina , Bauldry Shawn
Published: July 2018

Clustering coefficient estimation in respondent-driven sampling
Origin, Scope, and Irrevocability of the Manifest Disregard of the Law Doctrine: Second Circuit Views
Authors: Turner Christian
Published: July 2018

A paper concerning the "manifest disregard of the law" standard in the judicial review of arbitrations
Reforming Intermediary Liability in the Platform Economy: A European Digital Single Market Strategy
Authors: Frosio Giancarlo
Published: July 2018

Since the enactment of the first safe harbours and liability exemptions for online intermediaries, market conditions have radically changed. Originally, intermediary liability exemptions were introduced to promote an emerging Internet market. Do safe harbours for online intermediaries still serve innovation? Should they be limited or expanded? These critical questions—often tainted by protectionist concerns—define the present intermediary liability conundrum. Apparently, safe harbours still hold, although secondary liability is on the rise. As part of its Digital Single Market Strategy, the European Commission would like to introduce sectorial legislation that would de facto erode liability exemptions for online intermediaries, especially platforms. Under the assumption of closing a “value gap” between rightholders and online platforms allegedly exploiting protected content, the proposal would implement filtering obligations for intermediaries and introduce neighbouring rights for online uses of press publications. Meanwhile, an upcoming revision of the Audio-visual Media Services Directive would ask platforms to put in place measures to protect minors from harmful content and to protect everyone from incitement to hatred. Finally, the EU Digital Single Market Strategy has endorsed voluntary measures as a privileged tool to curb illicit and infringing activities online. This paper would like to contextualize the recent EU reform proposal within a broader move towards turning online intermediaries into Internet police. This narrative builds exclusively upon governmental or content industry assumptions, rather than empirical evidence. Also, the intermediary liability discourse is shifting towards an intermediary responsibility discourse. Apparently, the European Commission aligns its strategy for online platforms to a globalized, ongoing move towards privatization of enforcement online through algorithmic tools. This process might be pushing an amorphous notion of responsibility that incentivizes intermediaries’ self-intervention to police allegedly infringing activities in the Internet.
Pay Attention: Object Consideration as a Mechanism of Network Diffusion
Authors: Vashevko Anthony
Published: July 2018

Theories of diffusion in networks rely on two broad classes of mechanisms:social influence directs the flow of information, and influence affectsobject valuation. This paper proposes an integrated model ofdecision-making for the adoption process. This model reveals a neglectedmiddle step between information and valuation: social influence affectswhether agents consider a particular object as relevant to the adoptiondecision. I identify this attention-driving mechanism using data on tradersin an online foreign exchange platform. Features of the setting exclude thepossibility of information- or valuation-driven diffusion, but tradersstill adopt one another’s trading behaviors, and they do so most for thoserare behaviors that lack external drivers of attention. I discuss theimportance of attention- driven diffusion for future work and the value ofan integrated decision model in delineating conditions under which existingtheories of influence apply.
Social Identity, Personality and Connectedness: Probing the Identity and Community Divides behind Brexit
Authors: McAndrew Siobhan , Surridge Paula , Begum Neema
Published: July 2018

The UK vote to leave the European Union in June 2016 surprised and confounded academics and commentators alike. Existing accounts have focused on anti-immigration attitudes, anti-establishment sentiment and on the ‘left behind’, as well as on national identity. This paper expands the range of possible explanations for the vote by considering a wider range of identity measures, including class and racial identities, and by considering in detail the role played by connectedness to others and to localities. We find evidence that racial identity was particularly important for White British voters, extending our understanding of the relationship between territorial identities, ethnicity and attitudes towards the European Union. Connectedness via networks also structures attitudes, with those with higher levels of and more diverse connections having more favourable attitudes towards the EU. Whilst these effects are smaller than those of education and age, they are nonetheless comparable with those of class and income, and suggest that we should be wary of accounts of attitudes towards the EU that fail to locate voters within their social contexts.
Single-Parent Family Poverty in 24 OECD Countries: A Focus on Market and Redistribution Strategies
Authors: Maldonado Laurie C. , Nieuwenhuis Rense
Published: July 2018

Single-parent families and their high poverty rates remain a genuine concern in OECD countries. Much of the research has focused on “redistribution” through income taxes and transfers as an effec- tive strategy to reduce poverty. In this research brief, we adopt this traditional approach, and then push forward a focus on “market” strategies that facilitate single parents’ labor market participation.
Race in International Relations
Authors: Vucetic Srdjan
Published: July 2018

In this chapter we consider the concept of race and its relationship to international relations by examining how race has functioned, and with what practical effects. Our argument is that race has two broad avenues of occurrence. One is what we shall call actually existing racism, meaning racism that has been practiced as action. The other avenue is international relations scholarship in which race manifests itself through both commission (what is written and taught), and omission (what is left out, minimized and, indeed, silenced). To appear as Ch. 3 in Randolph B. Persaud & Alina Sajed (Eds.), Race, Gender, and Culture in International Relations: Postcolonial Perspectives. London: Routledge, 2018.
RURAL WASTE MANAGEMENT: CHALLENGES AND ISSUES IN ROMANIA
Authors: MIHAI Florin Constantin
Published: July 2018

Rural areas of the new EU Member States face serious problems in compliancewith EU regulation on waste management. Firstly, the share of the ruralpopulation is higher and it has lower living standards and secondly, thewaste collection services are poorly-developed covering some rural regions.In this context, open dumping is used as an appropriate waste disposalsolution generating complex pollution. This paper analyzes the disparitiesbetween Romanian counties regarding the rural population access to wastecollection services in 2008 which reflects the geographical distribution ofrural dumpsites in 2009. It examines, on one hand , the role of wastemanagement services to reduce illegal dumping and on the other hand, thedysfunctions of traditional waste management system from rural areas andtheir implications on the local environment.
Conceptualizing Difference in SETI: Xenoanthropological Theory and Methods
Authors: Oman-Reagan Michael P.
Published: July 2018

Anthropological theory and methods offer new ways to help us “step out of our brains” and overcome the tendency to search “for other versions of ourselves” in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI). This white paper proposes SETI researchers draw on anthropological theory, ontology, and multispecies ethnography to imagine “how intelligent life interacts with its environment and communicates information” (Cabrol, Alien Mindscapes, 2016). Please cite as: Oman-Reagan, Michael P. 2018. “Conceptualizing Difference in SETI: Xenoanthropological Theory and Methods.” Paper presented for "Decoding Alien Intelligence,” SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA. 15 March.
Using Infographics in the Teaching of Linguistics
Authors: Journal Arab World English , Bin Dahmash Arwa , Al-Hamid Ashwag , Alrajhi Mashael
Published: July 2018

Information graphics (infographics) are visualizations of ideas & information in a type of picture. Infographics combine data with design in order to communicate information to an audience in a comprehensible manner. This study is motivated by the lack of resources that directly study the influence of infographics on linguistics. It aims to investigate the impact of using information graphics in the teaching of linguistics on Saudi students. The researchers seek to answer the following questions: (i) What is the Saudi female EFL students' perception of using infographics as a tool for learning linguistics and semantics? (ii) What are the advantages & disadvantages of using infographics as a tool for learning linguistics and semantics? To this end, 186 Saudi female college students from the Department of Translation at the College of Languages in Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU) took part in this study. They designed infographics as a project in two linguistic courses: Introduction to Linguistics and Introduction to Semantics. They were provided a 26-item questionnaire. The questionnaire was analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The participants’ responses were analyzed according to quantitative data analysis procedures. The findings show the students’ positive attitude towards using infographics even though the majority were not familiar with them. While creating infographics, the participants found practicing various skills such as higher thinking skills beneficial. However, issues such as technical problems were perceived as a hindrance. A number of implications and suggestions are presented based on the results of this research.