bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Assessment of Communication Skills and Perceived Barriers among Medical Students
Authors: Tenglikar Pallavi V , Mendagudli Roopa R , Nigudgi Shantkumar R
Published: July 2020

ntroduction: Good communication skills are a core competency for all health professionals. Any formal training on communication is in not given to students in the present curriculum. Hence the study was conducted to assess existing level of communication skills and student perceived communication barriers among third year medical students.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted in the field practice area of a medical college for 2 months among a convenient sample of 40 medical students. The existing levels of communication skills of students were assessed using Kalamazoo Essential elements check list and communication barriers as perceived the student were obtained using a pretested questionnaire.

Results: The communication skills were very good in 50% of students, 20% excellent and 30% were having poor to average skills. Majority of the students reported lack of familiarity with place and person as a barrier [78.3% males, 58.8% females] followed by perceived interpersonal barriers like age difference, socioeconomic class difference.

Conclusion: The present study revealed that most of the students have very good level of communication skills, but still 30% were falling in poor to average levels. All students perceived one or the other barriers for communication but more so with familiarity with place and person. Formal training of students on communication skills in curriculum is necessary to overcome various barriers and enable them to communicate effectively.
Effectiveness assessment of diesel locomotives operation with the use of mobile maintenance points
Authors: Szkoda Maciej , Satora Magdalena , Konieczek Zbigniew
Published: July 2020

Based on the example of 6Dg type diesel locomotives, the paper presents a new maintenance strategy concerning periodical checks at the P1 maintenance level. Currently, such locomotives are sent off to service points every 102 hours of operation or every 14 days for a P1 level check. Studies demonstrate that the average distance to be covered by a locomotive to arrive at a service point is in excess of 60.0 km, and the quantity of fuel consumed is more than 88 litres. It is costly and time consuming to have locomotives out of service and considerable resources of the railway carrier are engaged which could be made use of in the transport process. The aim of the newly developed strategy of P1 checks is to eliminate the need for locomotives to exit their routes to reach rolling stock maintenance points. The control/diagnostic and maintenance activities specified in the Maintenance System Documentation will be performed by so-called mobile maintenance points. The development of the new strategy required: identification of the current condition of the maintenance system, development of the concept of a new strategy of P1 maintenance checks, conduct of studies and operational analyses for SM42 series locomotives, performance of a durability, reliability analysis, assessment of safety together with an analysis of the risks involved in the proposed changes. In order to review and assess the efficiency of the new strategy, an observed operation of selected locomotives was conducted together with a railway carrier. During the study, the maintenance activities and processes were monitored and the costs of P1 checks were recorded. The analysis of efficiency of the new strategy of performing P1 checks without the need for a locomotive to exit its route to reach a rolling stock maintenance point demonstrated that depending on the distance covered by the locomotive to reach a maintenance point, the unit costs of a P1 level check are lower by up to 67.1% compared with the currently applied method.
Road network partitioning method based on Canopy-Kmeans clustering algorithm
Authors: Lin Xiaohui , Xu Jianmin
Published: July 2020

With the increasing scope of traffic signal control, in order to improve the stability and flexibility of the traffic control system, it is necessary to rationally divide the road network according to the structure of the road network and the characteristics of traffic flow. However, road network partition can be regarded as a clustering process of the division of road segments with similar attributes, and thus, the clustering algorithm can be used to divide the sub-areas of road network, but when Kmeans clustering algorithm is used in road network partitioning, it is easy to fall into the local optimal solution. Therefore, we proposed a road network partitioning method based on the Canopy-Kmeans clustering algorithm based on the real-time data collected from the central longitude and latitude of a road segment, average speed of a road segment, and average density of a road segment. Moreover, a vehicle network simulation platform based on Vissim simulation software is constructed by taking the real-time collected data of central longitude and latitude, average speed and average density of road segments as sample data. Kmeans and Canopy-Kmeans algorithms are used to partition the platform road network. Finally, the quantitative evaluation method of road network partition based on macroscopic fundamental diagram is used to evaluate the results of road network partition, so as to determine the optimal road network partition algorithm. Results show that these two algorithms have divided the road network into four sub-areas, but the sections contained in each sub-area are slightly different. Determining the optimal algorithm on the surface is impossible. However, Canopy-Kmeans clustering algorithm is superior to Kmeans clustering algorithm based on the quantitative evaluation index (e.g. the sum of squares for error and the R-Square) of the results of the subareas. Canopy-Kmeans clustering algorithm can effectively partition the road network, thereby laying a foundation for the subsequent road network boundary control.
A comparative study on end-of-life vehicles network design
Authors: Merkisz-Guranowska Agnieszka
Published: July 2020

This paper investigates the current research in the field of the end-of-life vehicles (ELV) recycling network. The optimisation of the location of a network facilities in forward logistics in the automotive industry has received a lot of attention for many years but the reverse logistics for ELVs has been a subject of investigations since the beginning of 21st century. ELV recycling network design gained in popularity after the European Union and other countries like Japan, South Korea and recently China introduced legal obligations to organize a collecting or recycling network for used vehicles.
When regulations are introduced, there is a need for a systemic solution to the problem, especially since the obligation to create a collection network is often accompanied by requirements related to its accessibility for vehicle owners or efficiency of operation. With the growing scope of legal regulations, companies or organisations responsible for the network are forced to redesign the existing recycling infrastructure in a given area so that it meets specific requirements. Initially, the most important criterion was network availability. Currently, the same importance is attached to economic, environmental and social aspects in order to meet the sustainability criteria.
In this paper, forty one peer-reviewed published studies focused on network design were classified. Its main purpose is to provide an extensive review of state-of-the-art research published in the period 2000-2019. The scope of the review is limited to network design problems including facility location and flow allocation problems. Only papers that present mathematical models are considered. Studies on the ELV network design are classified based on: type of supply chain, type of network, optimisation problem, type of facilities, modelling technique, single/multi objectivity, objective function, period of time, solution approach and scope of implementation. The final part of the paper includes discussion of the methodology of the reviewed studies and some recommendations for future research area.
Justice Pierce Butler’s Catholic Jurisprudence
Authors: Barilleaux Ryan J. ,   Society of Catholic Social Scientists
Published: July 2020

Justice Pierce Butler was a devout Catholic who is best remembered for his dissenting vote in Buck v. Bell (1927), in which the Supreme Court upheld Virginia’s eugenic sterilization law. Butler is often misunderstood by critics who look only to the consequences of his opinions and not to the reasoning behind them. An analysis of Butler’s personal faith and opinions provides evidence that his jurisprudence reflects the principles of Catholic social doctrine. Finally, two cases in which Butler’s Catholic Faith likely influenced his votes are reviewed. The article concludes that Butler needs to be better understood.
NCCN Task Force Report: Adjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Carlson Robert W. , Brown Elizabeth , Burstein Harold J. , Gradishar William J. , Hudis Clifford A. , Loprinzi Charles , Mamounas Eleftherios Paul , Perez Edith A. , Pritchard Kathleen , Ravdin Peter , Recht Abram , Somlo George , Theriault Richard L. , Winer Eric P. , Wolff Antonio C. , _ _
Published: July 2020

The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) first published the NCCN Breast Cancer Treatment Guidelines in 1996. The Guidelines address the treatment of all stages of breast cancer across the spectrum of patient care and have been updated yearly. Adjuvant therapy for breast cancer has undergone an especially rapid evolution over the past few years. Therefore, the NCCN Breast Cancer Guidelines Panel was supplemented by additional experts to form the Adjuvant Therapy Task Force to provide a forum for an extended discussion and expanded input to the adjuvant therapy recommendations for the Breast Cancer Treatment Guidelines. Issues discussed included methods of risk-stratification for recurrence; how biologic markers such as HER2 status, quantitative estrogen receptor, or genetic markers can be incorporated as prognostic or predictive factors; and how age, menopausal status, and estrogen receptor levels impact benefits from chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. Additionally, the task force discussed the strategies for use of aromatase inhibitors in postmenopausal women and the potential incorporation of trastuzumab into adjuvant therapy of women with HER2/neu positive breast cancer. This supplement summarizes the background data and ensuing discussion from the Adjvuant Task Force meeting. (JNCCN 2006;4[suppl 1]:S-1–S-26)
NCCN Task Force Report: Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT) Scanning in Cancer
Authors: Podoloff Donald A. , Advani Ranjana H. , Allred Craig , Benson Al B. , Brown Elizabeth , Burstein Harold J. , Carlson Robert W. , Coleman R. Edward , Czuczman Myron S. , Delbeke Dominique , Edge Stephen B. , Ettinger David S. , Grannis Frederic W. , Hillner Bruce E. , Hoffman John M. , Kiel Krystyna , Komaki Ritsuko , Larson Steven M. , Mankoff David A. , Rosenzweig Kenneth E. , Skibber John M. , Yahalom Joachim , Michael Yu JQ , Zelenetz Andrew D.
Published: July 2020

The use of positron emission tomography (PET) is increasing rapidly in the United States, with the most common use of PET scanning related to oncology. It is especially useful in the staging and management of lymphoma, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer, according to a panel of expert radiologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists, nuclear medicine physicians, medical oncologists, and general internists convened in November 2006 by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. The Task Force was charged with reviewing existing data and developing clinical recommendations for the use of PET scans in the evaluation and management of breast cancer, colon cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and lymphoma. This report summarizes the proceedings of this meeting, including discussions of the background of PET, possible future developments, and the role of PET in oncology. (JNCCN 2007;5(Suppl 1):S1–S22)
NCCN Task Force Report: Breast Cancer in the Older Woman
Authors: Carlson Robert W. , Moench Susan , Hurria Arti , Balducci Lodovico , Burstein Harold J. , Goldstein Lori J. , Gradishar William J. , Hughes Kevin S. , Jahanzeb Mohammad , Lichtman Stuart M. , Marks Lawrence B. , McClure Joan S. , McCormick Beryl , Nabell Lisle M. , Pierce Lori J. , Lou Smith Mary , Topham Neal S. , Traina Tiffany A. , Ward John H. , Winer Eric P.
Published: July 2020

Breast cancer is common in older women, and the segment of the U.S. population aged 65 years and older is growing rapidly. Consequently, awareness is increasing of the need to identify breast cancer treatment recommendations to assure optimal, individualized treatment of older women with breast cancer. However, the development of these recommendations is limited by the heterogeneous nature of this population with respect to functional status, social support, life expectancy, and the presence of comorbidities, and by the underrepresentation of older patients with breast cancer in randomized clinical trials. The NCCN Breast Cancer in the Older Woman Task Force was convened to provide a forum for framing relevant questions on topics that impact older women with early-stage, locally advanced, and metastatic breast cancer. The task force is a multidisciplinary panel of 18 experts in breast cancer representing medical oncology, radiation oncology, surgical oncology, geriatric oncology, geriatrics, plastic surgery, and patient advocacy. All task force members were from NCCN institutions and were identified and invited solely by NCCN. Members were charged with identifying evidence relevant to their specific expertise. During a 2-day meeting, individual members provided didactic presentations; these presentations were followed by extensive discussions during which areas of consensus and controversy were identified on topics such as defining the “older” breast cancer patient; geriatric assessment tools in the oncology setting; attitudes of older patients with breast cancer and their physicians; tumor biology in older versus younger women with breast cancer; implementation of specific interventions in older patients with breast cancer, such as curative surgery, surgical axillary staging, radiation therapy, reconstructive surgery, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, HER2-directed therapy, and supportive therapies; and areas requiring future studies. (JNCCN 2008;6[Suppl 4]:S1–S25)
Closeness and distance through the agentive authorial voice
Authors: Suau-Jiménez Francisca
Published: July 2020

Credibility is a function associated with promotional genres and persuasion, and a powerful marketing concept (Eisend, 2006; Ming, 2006) which provides trustworthiness about the quality of products or services offered by hotels (Suau-Jiménez, 2012a, 2019). It is partly attained through the hotel’s self-mentioning in websites. When this self-mentioning is agentive with action verbs, the main instantiation is the pronoun we, projecting closeness and assertiveness. However, this self-representation is also construed with depersonalized realizations like the hotel’s proper name, other nominalizations or even pronouns like it and they, which provide attenuating aspects and create a sense of distance. The current corpus-based study of 112 hotel websites hypothesizes that this attenuation may diminish closeness of the authorial voice (Brown & Levinson, 1987), thus displaying authority, following disciplinary and generic constraints. Results suggest that discursive closeness and distance, intertwined with personalized and depersonalized self-representations of the authorial voice, may aid to improve credibility.
Building Pre-professional Identity during Translator Education – Experiences from the Multilingual Translation Workshop at the University of Turku
Authors: Salo Pia , Veivo Outi , Salmi Leena
Published: July 2020

Against the backdrop of the constantly changing professional environment, translator education needs to invest in the work readiness and employability of its graduates. This article explores translation students’ emerging professional identity, referred to here as pre-professional identity (PPI) and its relevance for enhancing work readiness.. For this purpose, we have examined self-reflective essays written by translation students participating in a translation business simulation as part of their MA studies. The findings suggest that, in order to support students in building PPI, to facilitate the transition to the labour market, and to foster employability, it is useful to provide students with pedagogical approaches based on experiential learning combined with opportunities for critical self-reflection.
Transcreation as a Way to Promote Employability in Translation Training: Adding Value to Translation Training
Authors: Morón Martín Marián
Published: July 2020

An overview of the current professional translation industry shows that translation, in general, seems to be accommodating changes in the labor market and in society with relative ease. However, the scope, limits and boundaries of translation are a matter of academic and professional concern (Mayoral 2001; Tymoczko 2005/2007; Koskinen/Dam 2016; Dam et al. 2018), with some viewing the identity of translation somehow jeopardized by the great variety of professional translation-related services and practices encountered within the field (Gambier 2016; Koskinen/Dam 2016; Dam et al. 2018). It is true that services now associated with translation, such as technical communication (Risku 2004), transcreation, postediting or multilingual copyrighting (Mangell et al. 2019) are closely interrelated, sometimes even being identified as translation per se (Gambier 2016; Dam et al. 2018), despite the fact that no linguistic transfer even occurs. This paper will address the experience of trainee participants in a transcreation project developed at the University Pablo de Olavide in Seville (Spain). The project was an attempt to introduce transcreation, defined by the LSP industry as a service of added value, and initiate students in inventiveness and creative translation, while creatively enhancing translation graduates’ employability (Rojo/Meseguer 2018: 79). Despite the assumed role of universities as providers of employability skills, this initiative also aims to add value to translator training, adopting an open, creative and boundaryless approach when dealing with employability issues in translators’ training (Calvo 2010; Morón 2010; Kuznik 2016; Calvo 2018). The boundaries within and around the translation profession (Koskinen/Dam 2016) are tackled, through students completing simulated professional practice and self-reflection (Kiraly 2013/2016; Leggot/Stapleford 2004a/b). A qualitative and analytical approach will be adopted, presenting the final assessment results from trainee participants during Stage 1 of project implementation, as well as real testimonies of graduates and professionals reflecting on the impact the initiative has on trainees’ employability.
The Professional Profile of a Post-editor according to LSCs and Linguists: a Survey-Based Research
Authors: Ginovart Cid Clara
Published: July 2020

The boundaries between translation technologies are fading and language professionals are heading towards a pluri- and transdisciplinary job description, for which the use of CAT tools, translation management systems, and machine translation (MT) are compulsory. “Language paraprofessionals”, “paralinguists”, “language consultants”, “digital linguists”, and a long list of other titles is emerging to refer to the professionals who master a number of features of several tools, while remaining attentive to linguistics (see Bond 2018). According to TAUS DQF Dashboard data presented in TAUS Newsletter the 1st of May of 2019, the industry averages show that 9.7% of the translation output origin comes from MT and that 1,057 words per hour are post-edited on average. This has clear repercussions on the profession from the employability perspective.With 66 submissions by LSCs and industry stakeholders, and 142 answers from individuals (in-house or freelance translators), we present the most salient subject matters from and for the translation industry regarding MT post-editing. Some represent gaps to be filled; others represent common ground already found. Thanks to this up-to-date knowledge of the globalization landscape, clear goals can be set, and the way is paved for evolution.
Death by Folklore
Authors: Ellis Bill
Published: July 2020

My original essay “Death by Folklore” was written soon after the 1982 murders of teenagers Annette Cooper and Todd Schultz in an area of Southeastern Ohio plagued by rumors of Satanic cults. I argued that the killings and the local reaction to them could be understood as acts of ostension, possibly criminal acts or, more likely, acts of interpreting ambiguous events in terms of familiar legends about Satanism. Since then, the original defendant has been exonerated, and a convict has confessed to being the actual murderer, which he says was the result of an unmeditated impulse with no folklore relevance. So, was my article irrelevant to the crime? The essay surveys new information uncovered through investigative journalism and criminal justice research, and concludes that ostension, in its current sense, remains the best theoretical tool for understanding the murders’ cultural significance.
The Folklore Detective
Authors: Lattanzi Shutika Debra
Published: July 2020

This essay will provide an overview of the work of narrative criminologists and how that scholarship overlaps with the work of narrative folklore. Criminologists have long relied on stories as an essential aspect of their work, but “narrative criminology” only entered scholarly conversations of criminologists in the 2000s. Drawing on the case of the West Virginia co-ed murders in 1970, I will demonstrate how narrative criminologists and folklorists might work together to create a new methodology that I’m calling forensic narrative analysis.
Crime and Punishment in the Cape Breton Songs Contest
Authors: Brodie Ian
Published: July 2020

Dishpan Parade, a morning women’s entertainment program, was a production of Sydney, Nova Scotia’s CJCB Radio from 1948 to 1952. Early in its run the hosts created a local song contest, rewarding lyrics on a Cape Breton theme set to known melodies. Many entrants took the opportunity to satirize current events, protected by the implied triviality of light verse. This article places two such songs—“Bootleg Coal,” set to “The Blue-Tail Fly,” and “Go Away (The County Jail)” to “Polly Waddle Doodle” — within the specific history that occasioned them and suggests the expressive and subtle subversiveness of mid-century Cape Breton women.
Quatre approches de l’entreprise responsable
Authors: Ngosso Thierry
Published: July 2020

Cet article compare quatre manières de penser l’entreprise responsable. Lorsque la fonction de l’entreprise fonde ses obligations morales, celles-ci se limitent aux obligations que lui impose sa fonction soit sans considérer sa capacité (fonctionnalisme strict), soit pour autant qu’elle soit compatible avec sa capacité effective (fonctionnalisme compatibiliste). Lorsque la capacité de l’entreprise fonde ses obligations morales, celles-ci se limitent aux obligations que lui impose son pouvoir, soit sans tenir compte de sa fonction (capacitarisme strict), soit pour autant qu’elle soit compatible avec sa fonction (capacitarisme compatibiliste). En raison de l’impossibilité d’aligner parfaitement les tâches morales sur les tâches sociales et de réduire toutes les obligations générales à des obligations spécifiques, le capacitarisme est préférable au fonctionnalisme. En prenant au sérieux la division du travail (moral), le capacitarisme compatibiliste se montre plus robuste que le capacitarisme strict.
Erreur de diagnostic : préférences adaptatives et impérialisme
Authors: Lemay Marie-Pier
Published: July 2020

Cet article porte sur le concept de préférence adaptative tel qu’il est apparu en philosophie féministe politique et anglophone depuis les années 2000. Ce concept désigne les préférences formées conformément à un milieu oppressif et qui vont à l’encontre du bien-être. Dans un premier temps, il sera question des deux théorisations les plus influentes à l’heure actuelle : celles développées par les philosophes Martha Nussbaum et Serene Khader. Ensuite, j’évaluerai ces positions à l’aune des récents travaux des anthropologues féministes Saba Mahmood et Lila Abu-Lughod, dans lesquels elles remettent en question le projet politique de la philosophie féministe sous-jacent aux préférences adaptatives.
France Daigle : le roman mode d’emploi
Authors: Gauvin Lise
Published: July 2020

Au moment où France Daigle commence à publier, la littérature acadienne compte déjà des auteurs reconnus, dont Antonine Maillet qui a reçu le prix Goncourt, des maisons d’édition, des prix littéraires et une critique qui recense les oeuvres publiées. Mais « de sa cohabitation forcée avec la majorité anglophone, dont chaque concession doit être durement négociée, [l’Acadie] hérite d’un sentiment de minorisation » ou d’« illégitimité profondément ancré dans son inconscient collectif » (Boudreau, 2004). Dans un pareil contexte, comment structurer l’intégration des langues dans le roman ? Quels risques l’écrivain acadien court-il en utilisant le parler vernaculaire dans ses écrits ? Quelle distance s’établit-il entre sa propre compétence langagière et celle de ses personnages ? Ce sont les questions auxquelles tente de répondre France Daigle dans ses ouvrages, notamment,La beauté de l’affaire : fiction autobiographique à plusieurs voix sur son rapport tortueux au langage(1991),1953 : chronique d’une naissance annoncée(1995),Pas pire(1998) etPour sûr(2011), fictions qui renvoient à une discussion explicite sur la façon de penser et de parler la langue et à une manière subversive de concevoir la forme romanesque.
D’une conscience du désastre à la poétique du réenchantement : Biblique des derniers gestes, Écrire en pays dominé, Un dimanche au cachot et Les neuf consciences du Malfini de Patrick Chamoiseau
Authors: Crainic Corina
Published: July 2020

Biblique des derniers gestes (2002), Écrire en pays dominé (1997), Un dimanche au cachot (2007) et Les neuf consciences du Malfini (2009), de Patrick Chamoiseau, agissent comme les échos d’oeuvres telles que L’esclave vieil homme et le molosse (1997), explorant ce que nous définissions, à la suite de Dominique Chancé, comme la volonté de réenchanter le monde. Et celle-ci est à saisir tout comme elle semble être à constituer, c’est-à-dire par la recherche d’un équilibre délicat et, par moments, inatteignable entre la conscience de la détresse et celle de l’espoir. La manière de procéder est singulière, dans la mesure où elle inscrit l’humour, la joie et, surtout, l’espoir là où il n’y a a priori que désolation. C’est alors l’opulence de la poétique qui est envisagée, singulière, susceptible qu’elle serait d’épuiser l’aporie grâce à la pratique, tout aussi déconcertante que prometteuse, de la prise de distance, du doute (Descartes, 1979 [1641]) et de la « verticalité qui écartèle » (Bachelard, 2016 [1943]). Ainsi, une poétique du réenchantement puisant à la fois à la conscience du désastre et à certaines pensées de Blanchot (1980), cette étonnante transcendance du vivre, permettrait d’approcher, même de manière lacunaire, une cime de la conscience, si ce n’est de la sensibilité.
Le commun est-il le sujet du pluriel ?
Authors: Thériault Joseph Yvon
Published: July 2020

Le pluralisme postmoderne est au coeur des analyses compréhensives des sociétés contemporaines. Comme paradigme, il est aussi de plus en plus utilisé pour comprendre la réalité sociohistorique des communautés minoritaires francophones canadiennes, notamment l’Acadie. J’affirme ici que le paradigme pluraliste est inadéquat pour comprendre le cheminement historique d’une minorité nationale, d’une communauté d’histoire. Il ne peut rendre compte d’un sujet acadien. Cette démonstration est basée sur : 1) une critique du paradigme pluraliste et, 2) de son utilisation dans l’étude des francophonies minoritaires ; 3) un rappel de la centralité du sujet dans les démocraties modernes et, 4) de la compréhension de l’Acadie historique comme sujet moderne ; 5) enfin, sur l’idée que le commun ne permet pas de saisir toute la complexité du sujet. L’histoire du sujet (acadien), c’est l’histoire de l’articulation du monde systémique (l’économie, les régulations technoscientifiques, l’État) à une référence culturelle. L’analyse du sujet n’est pas le repliement d’une référence sur elle-même, elle est l’histoire de la constitution d’une pluralité dans un monde commun.
Meanderovaleichnus huenickeni ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov. from the Bajo de Vélez Formation (Upper Carboniferous-Permian), Argentina: a new case of worm-type burrowing
Authors: Cónsole-Gonella Carlos , Aceñolaza Florencio G
Published: July 2020

A new ichnofossil, Meanderovaleichnus huenickeni ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov., is described from the fluviolacustrine deposits of the Bajo de Véliz Formation (Upper Carboniferous–Permian). The trace fossil consists of meanders (epichnial) with regular constrictions of variable width along the course. It is interpreted as a locomotion trace (repichnion) due to peristaltic burrowing of a worm, probably an annelid
Ichnology and sedimentary environment of Cretaceous redbeds in the Ruyang Basin, western Henan Province, China
Authors: Bin Hu , Changzheng Wang , Yuanyuan Wang
Published: July 2020

A sequence of terrestrial clastic redbeds of Cretaceous age is exposed in the Ruyang Basin of western Henan Province in China. The rocks consist of conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone and mudstone containing the ichnofossils Psilonichnus, Arenicolites, Palaeophycus, Scoyenia, Planolites, Skolithos and other burrows and rhizoliths. The beds also contain the dinosaur fossil Huanghetitan ruyangensis and Zhongyuansaurus luoyangensis. On the basis of the lithology, sedimentary structures and ichnofossils, it is suggested that the sedimentary environments of the Ruyang Basin during the Cretaceous were primarily alluvial fan in character including middle fan and fan edge subfacies. In this sedimentary setting, eight lithofacies types are distinguished, and two ichnoassemblages are recognized: (1) Scoyenia-Skolithos ichnoassemblage occcuring in braided fluvial deposits of an alluvial fan system, and (2) Psilonichnus-Palaeophycus ichnoassemblage occurring in shallow pond or lake deposits at the fan edge
Crassostrea patagonica (d'Orbigny, 1842) shell concentrations from the late Miocene of Río Negro province, NE Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Domènech Rosa , Farinat Ester A , Martinell Jordi
Published: July 2020

The Río Negro Formation (late Miocene-early Pliocene) mainly consists of continental deposits, but it contains a middle member of marine origin. It represents a transgressive-regressive sequence that can be seen at several outcrops along the N Patagonian coast. The taphonomical approach to the El Espigón marine deposits permits the identification of four main layers containing different kinds of skeletal accumulation, which mainly consists of oyster shells [Crassostrea patagonica (d'Orbigny, 1842)]. These concentrations display three different morphologies (pouches, pavements and bouquets) with a different taphonomic signature. These deposits were formed in shallow marine environments influenced by wave activity that produced valve concentrations of different entities. They contain several shell beds that represent event, composite, hiatal to lag skeletal concentrations. Trace of bioturbation in the sediment (Thalassinoides, Teichichnus) and bioerosion on the shells (Entobia, Gastrochaenolites, Caulostrepsis), and encrusters (cirripeds, bryozoans), are also abundant in the outcroup and constitute common components of these Miocene materials. Layers 1 and 2 of the sequence were deposited in shoreface(foreshore environments at the beginning of a highstand systems tract, while layers 3 and 4 were deposited at the end, or at the beginning of a forced regression, in foreshore environments, A final erosional episode cut the top of layer 4, which truncated the abundant bioturbation developed there
On small quadrupedal ornithopod tracks in Jurassic-Cretaceous transition intertidal deposits (El Castellar, Teruel, Spain)
Authors: Alcalá Luis , Mampel Luis , Royo-Torres Rafael , Cobos Alberto
Published: July 2020

The study of an undescribed part of the El Pozo tracksite in El Castellar (Teruel, Spain) has revealed two new trackways made by small ornithopods showing new evidences of basal ornithopods pes and manus track morphologies in the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition. The site lies within the Villar del Arzobispo Formation, which was deposited during the Tithonian-Berriasian in an environment under the influence of tides. The pes tracks are small tridactyl tracks, the digits are similar in size, and the heel is open and rounded. The presence of oval manus tracks in front of the tridactyl tracks is one of the trackways confirms that the dinosaur is a representative of the dryosaurid or the basal Ankylopollexia clades. These tracks are smaller than those described for the Las Cerradicas site, also located in Teruel and in the same formation; consequently, these tracks from El Pozo site constitute some of the smallest ornithopods trackways with quadrupedal locomotion ever described in the world. In addition, in the same tracksite bed, there are some poorly preserved tracks attributed to big quadrupedal dinosaur
Prognostic value of complementary biomarkers of neurodegeneration in a mixed memory clinic cohort
Authors: Gramkow Mathias Holsey , Gjerum Le , Koikkalainen Juha , Lötjönen Jyrki , Law Ian , Hasselbalch Steen Gregers , Waldemar Gunhild , Frederiksen Kristian Steen
Published: July 2020

Background

Biomarkers of neurodegeneration, e.g. MRI brain atrophy and [18F]FDG-PET hypometabolism, are often evaluated in patients suspected of neurodegenerative disease.

Objective

Our primary objective was to investigate prognostic properties of atrophy and hypometabolism.

Methods

From March 2015-June 2016, 149 patients referred to a university hospital memory clinic were included. The primary outcome was progression/stable disease course as assessed by a clinician at 12 months follow-up. Intracohort defined z-scores of baseline MRI automatic quantified volume and [18F]FDG-PET standardized uptake value ratios were calculated for all unilaterally defined brain lobes and dichotomized as pronounced atrophy (+A)/ pronounced hypometabolism (+H) at z-score <0. A logistic regression model with progression status as the outcome was carried out with number of lobes with the patterns +A/-H, -A/+H, +A/+H respectively as predictors. The model was mutually adjusted along with adjustment for age and sex. A sensitivity analysis with a z-score dichotomization at −0.1 and −0.5 and dichotomization regarding number of lobes affected at one and three lobes was done.

Results

Median follow-up time was 420 days [IQR: 387-461 days] and 50 patients progressed. Patients with two or more lobes affected by the pattern +A/+H compared to patients with 0–1 lobes affected had a statistically significant increased risk of progression (odds ratio, 95 % confidence interval: 4.33, 1.90–9.86) in a multivariable model. The model was partially robust to the applied sensitivity analysis.

Conclusion

Combined atrophy and hypometabolism as assessed by MRI and [18F]FDG-PET in patients under suspicion of neurodegenerative disease predicts progression over 1 year.
Perspectivas da fraternidade na nova lei de migrações brasileira (Lei Nº 13.445/2017)
Authors: Simões Bárbara de Oliveira , Martini Sandra Regina
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho trata da Nova Lei de Migrações brasileira –Lei Nº 13.445, de 24 de maio de 2017–, tendo como aporte a Metateoria do Direito Fraterno, de Eligio Resta, referencial teórico escolhido por analisar, de forma transdisciplinar, o direito. Nesse sentido, questiona-se como se apresentam os dispositivos da Nova Lei, sob o viés da fraternidade e objetiva-se realizar a intersecção entre a Nova Lei e o Direito Fraterno. O trabalho justifica-se pelas intensas migrações na atualidade, com características diversas que ensejam novos estudos na seara dos fluxos migratórios. No Brasil, a publicação da Nova Lei de Migrações significa inovação na política migratória, com reconhecimento de direitos e deveres iguais a brasileiros e migrantes. Este estudo desenvolve-se pelo método dedutivo, partindo de aspectos gerais do Direito Fraterno e das migrações, para chegar à legislação migratória brasileira e, em especial, à Nova Lei. Utiliza-se, para isso, pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados aqui apresentados objetivam criar novas discussões para que futuros estudos das migrações possam ser embasados pela ideiada fraternidade e possibilitem projetos práticos para a integração dos migrantes.
It Continues to be a Taboo Knowledge and Practices of the Health Team Regarding the Attention Towards the LGBTI Population
Authors: Zapata Elizabet Cabrera , Salinas Olga Lucía Cortés , Galeano Iván Pérez , Saldanha Bruna Lopes , Lemos Adriana , Albarracin Daniel Gonzalo Eslava
Published: July 2020

El acceso y utilización de los servicios de salud de las personas LGTBI se pueden limitar por conductas de estigmatización que a su vez provocan deshumanización y discriminación; de ahí surge el desafío de modelos de atención con enfoque diferencial que propicien respeto, confianza en lugar de la exclusión y critica. Realizando un estudio de tipo cualitativo descriptivo, utilizando una entrevista semiestructurada aplicada al equipo de salud de un hospital de Cundinamarca; se pretendió identificar ¿Cuáles son los conocimientos y prácticas del equipo de salud en la atención a la población LGTBI?;y se evidenció que la atención en salud esta mediada por la discriminación, el equipo de salud refiere que sigue siendo un Tabú brindar atención a este grupo de personas; visibilizando los vacíos en conocimientos que son derivados de procesos de formación débiles y que pueden conllevar a falta de calidad y humanización en la atención en salud.
A Simple Fluorescence Turn‐on Probe for the Detection of Hg2+ Ion in Aqueous Solution and Soil With AIE and ICT Mechanisms
Authors: Hu Danling , Liao Sijie , Chen Xue , Du Jincao , Dawood Kamran , Chauhan Sachin , Gao Chao , Li Wei
Published: July 2020

A novel fluorescent probe TSA for the high selectivity of mercury (Hg2+) ion has been explored, which was obtained by two‐step synthesis. Probe TSA was barely emissive in HEPES buffer. In the presence of Hg2+ ion, the dithioacetal unit in probe TSA was hydrolyzed to be formyl group, consequently causing the intense sky‐blue emission via aggregation‐induced emission and intramolecular charge transfer mechanisms. Moreover, probe TSA was potential to detect Hg2+ ion in dyeing wastewater and clay soil.
An advanced data collection procedure in bivariate drought frequency analysis
Authors: Amirataee Babak , Montaseri Majid , Rezaie Hossein
Published: July 2020

In recent years, the bivariate frequency analysis of drought duration and severity using independent drought events and copula functions has been under extensive application. Meanwhile, emphasis on the procedure of independent drought data collection leads to the omission of the actual potential of short‐term extreme droughts within a long‐term independent drought. However, a long‐term individual continuous drought as an Unconnected Drought Runs can be considered as a combination of short‐term Connected Drought Runs. Thus, an advanced and new procedure of data collection in the bivariate drought characteristics analysis has been developed in this study. The results indicated a high relative advantage of the new proposed procedure in analysing bivariate drought characteristics (i.e., drought duration and severity frequency analysis). This advantage has been reflected in the more appropriate determination of the best copula and significant reduction in the uncertainty of bivariate drought frequency analysis.
Individualized SAR calculations using computer vision‐based MR segmentation and a fast electromagnetic solver
Authors: Milshteyn Eugene , Guryev Georgy , Torrado‐Carvajal Angel , Adalsteinsson Elfar , White Jacob K. , Wald Lawrence L. , Guerin Bastien
Published: July 2020

Purpose

We propose a fast, patient‐specific workflow for on‐line specific absorption rate (SAR) supervision. An individualized electromagnetic model is created while the subject is on the table, followed by rapid SAR estimates for that individual. Our goal is an improved correspondence between the patient and model, reducing reliance on general anatomical body models.

Methods

A 3D fat‐water 3T acquisition (~2 minutes) is automatically segmented using a computer vision algorithm (~1 minute) into what we found to be the most important electromagnetic tissue classes: air, bone, fat, and soft tissues. We then compute the individual’s EM field exposure and global and local SAR matrices using a fast electromagnetic integral equation solver. We assess the approach in 10 volunteers and compare to the SAR seen in a standard generic body model (Duke).

Results

The on‐the‐table workflow averaged 7′44″. Simulation of the simplified Duke models confirmed that only air, bone, fat, and soft tissue classes are needed to estimate global and local SAR with an error of 6.7% and 2.7%, respectively, compared to the full model. In contrast, our volunteers showed a 16.0% and 20.3% population variability in global and local SAR, respectively, which was mostly underestimated by the Duke model.

Conclusion

Timely construction and deployment of a patient‐specific model is computationally feasible. The benefit of resolving the population heterogeneity compared favorably to the modest modeling error incurred. This suggests that individualized SAR estimates can improve electromagnetic safety in MRI and possibly reduce conservative safety margins that account for patient‐model mismatch, especially in non‐standard patients.
Static analysis of vertically loaded pile group in multilayered transversely isotropic soils
Authors: Ai Zhi Yong , Chen Yuan Feng , Jiang Xiao Bin
Published: July 2020

In this paper, a coupling approach is presented to study the static responses of vertically loaded pile group embedded in multilayered transversely isotropic soils. The individual pile in pile group is modeled by the finite element method, while the analytical layer‐element method is applied to represent the soil's behavior. Then, the interaction equation of piles and soils is obtained by considering the force equilibrium and displacement compatibility conditions and solved by a FORTRAN program. The results computed by the proposed approach compare favorably with those from some existing solutions and field test. Some typical parametric analysis cases are investigated to study the effect of soil anisotropy, pile stiffness ratio, and pile spacing on the behavior of vertically loaded pile group.
Safety and Tolerance of Enteral Nutrition in the Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Unit Patient Receiving Vasopressors
Authors: Sabino Kim M , Fuller Julie , May Scott , Wakefield Dorothy
Published: July 2020

Background

Multiple societal guidelines recommend enteral nutrition (EN) be initiated within 24 to 48 hours of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) once a patient is hemodynamically stable. Gastrointestinal intolerance and occurrence of bowel ischemia have been a concern for patients receiving vasopressors while concurrently receiving luminal nutrients. The study objective was to determine whether patients receiving vasopressors while concomitantly receiving enteral nutrients had more incidences of bowel ischemia and intolerance than those receiving EN without vasopressor agents.

Methods

This retrospective study included 319 medical and surgical ICU patients from a level 1 trauma center. The patients were either receiving vasopressors simultaneously with EN (n = 178) or EN alone (n = 141). Data regarding gastric residual volume (GRV), new abdominal pain, emesis, and bowel ischemia were collected.

Results

There were more patients who had elevated GRV in the group that received vasopressors than patients who did not (20% vs 7%; P‐value < .01). There were no differences between rates of bowel ischemia, emesis, or new abdominal pain between the 2 groups.

Conclusion

Based on our findings, EN is generally well tolerated and safe for those patients simultaneously receiving vasopressors.
Rapid screening of glycoalkaloids in Solanum scabrum and S. nigrum berries using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography with pathway‐specified in‐source fragmentation tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Lyu Weiting , Yuan Bo , Dinssa Fekadu F. , Simon James E. , Wu Qingli
Published: July 2020

Rationale

The safe consumption of Solanum scabrum and S. nigrum berries (SNBs) depends on a reliable and rapid chemical screen for the testing of the fruit and/or final food and industrial products for the presence and level of toxic glycoalkaloids. Such a rapid and sensitive screen could also be used by those involved in food safety and forensics, industry, research labs and those in agriculture production, breeding and food processing. Significant variation in the content and composition of glycoalkaloids across SNBs has been reported. To facilitate high‐throughput targeted analysis, this work overcame the slow scan speed of a traditional triple quadruple mass spectrometry (QqQ) method by development of a pseudo‐MS3 method.

Methods

In‐source fragmentation functioned as a pseudo‐MS or pseudo‐hydrolysis to trim down the structurally diverse and complex glycosides into five types of aglycone ions, which were then analyzed using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Characteristic product ions were selected based on the aglycone skeleton and substitution pattern and associated fragmentation pathway.

Results

A compact method with only 15 MRM transitions were developed for high‐throughput screening of very diverse glycoalkaloids. Glycosides of the same aglycone type were readily identified in the same transition window without the need for mass spectra interpretation. Validated using solamargine, the sole available standard, the accuracy was 99.7–101.3%, the intra‐ and inter‐day precision were, respectively, 2.5–5.0% and 8.0–9.2%, and the lower limit of detection and quantification were, respectively, 3.1 and 10.2 ng/mL (with 1 μL injection volume).

Conclusions

The peudo‐MS3 method allowed for high‐throughput targeted analysis with compact MRM transitions to address a large number of glycoalkaloids with diverse structures. This method could serve to meet the most heavy‐duty demand for rapid inspection of glycoalkaloids in SNBs. This method can be adopted and used by those involved in food safety and forensics, in developing food and industrial products and in genetics and breeding.