bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in School Curriculum Administration in China
Authors: Cui Yunhuo , Lei Hao , Zhou Wenye
Published: May 2019

Purpose

—This study focuses on the establishment and evolution of the school curriculum administrative system in China.

Design/Approach/Methods

—Based on policy papers and documents, this paper explores changes of the concept, tradition and practices of curriculum administration in China.

Findings

—The curriculum administration since 1949 has developed from an “excessively centralized curriculum administration” model to a “sharing-based curriculum administration”. China's three-level curriculum administrative system, comprising a national-, local-, and school-level curriculum administration framework, is explained and analyzed.

Originality/Value

—This is a comprehensive scholarly review of historical changes in school curriculum administration in China. This paper also provides provocative suggestions for future development of school curriculum administration in the Chinese context.
Measurement of the Vertical Spatial Metaphor of Power Concepts Using the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure
Authors: Hong Paul
Published: May 2019

This experimental study explored the use of the implicit relational assessment procedure (IRAP) for understanding the vertical spatial metaphor of power. In the classic IRAP procedure, we formed four sets of stimuli based on the relationship between power words (powerful and powerless words) and vertical position on a computer screen (upper or lower) that were either pro-metaphor (i.e., powerful–high, powerless–low) or anti-metaphor (i.e., powerful–low, powerless–high). Participants were then asked to judge whether the words were consistent or inconsistent with the set of instructions given to them. We found that the DIRAP scores of powerful words in an above vertical space and powerless words in a below vertical space were higher than zero. Furthermore, the DIRAP scores of the pro-metaphor stimuli were significantly greater than were those of the anti-metaphor stimuli. Vertical spatial position metaphor of power concepts was verified again by implicit relational assessment procedure. These findings suggest that there is an established spatial metaphor for power, which we explain using relational frame theory. It is the first study to our knowledge to explore this metaphor using the IRAP, which overcomes the limitations of paradigms such as the implicit association test, and provides a better understanding of the mechanism of the metaphor.
Cross-language activation and executive control modulate within-language ambiguity resolution: Evidence from eye movements
Authors: Palma Pauline , Whitford Veronica , Titone Debra
Published: May 2019

An important question within psycholinguistics is how knowledge of multiple languages impacts the co-activation of word forms and meanings during language comprehension. To the extent that a bilingual’s known languages are always partially active, as predicted by models such as BIA+ (Dijkstra & Van Heuven, 2002), cross-language activation should influence which meanings are accessed and in which order. Here, we monitored the eye movements of 48 French-English and 40 English-French bilingual adults as they read within-language homonyms embedded in more or less semantically constraining English sentences. The within-language homonyms were either cognate homonyms, whose subordinate meanings were also French cognates (e.g., sage, ‘herb’ or, less frequently, ‘wise man’ in English and, also, ‘wise man’ in French), or uniquely English (e.g., chest). French-English bilinguals processed cognate homonyms with subordinate meanings more quickly than uniquely English homonyms with subordinate meanings, and individual differences in executive control capacity modulated their processing of uniquely English homonyms only. In contrast, English-French bilinguals processed all within-language homonyms similarly, regardless of cognate status and executive control capacity. Our findings suggest that cross-language activation impacts within-language ambiguity resolution by changing the relative dominance of the meanings associated with a word form, and that cross-language activation varies as a function of the language tested (L1 or L2).
REVITALISASI PENDIDIKAN AL-ISLAM DAN KEMUHAMMADIYAHAN PADA PERGURUAN MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Nuryana Zalik
Published: May 2019

Paper ini terbit dalam jurnal Tamaddun UM Gresik pada Tahun 2017. Fondasi gerakan Muhammadiyah atas telaah Dahlan dalam membaca teks al-Qur’an dan konteks Sosial Kauman saat itu, membawa perubahan besar bagi Indonesia dan Dunia. Jumlah amal usaha bidang pendidikan mencapai ribuan dan tersebar keseluruh pelosok negeri. Capaian ini jelas secara kuantitas sangat membanggakan. Hal ini bisa menjadi tantangan dan peluang. Tantangan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan Muhammadiyah dan peluang untuk basis perkaderan Muhammadiyah. pendidikan Muhammadiyah memiliki empat fungsi, yaitu: Pertama sebagai sarana pendidikan dan pencerdasan, Kedua, pelayanan masyarakat, dakwah amar ma’ruf nahi munkar dan Keempat, lahan kaderisasi. Misi pendidikan Muhammadiyah tersebut sekaligus menjadi solusi dan respon terhadap keringnya ruh keagamaan dalam pendidikan, Muhammadiyah memiliki ciri khas yaitu pendidikan al-Islam dan Kemuhammadiyahan. Dua hal itu menjadi ciri khas sekaligus solusi dalam mengisi kekeringan ruh spiritual dalam pendidikan, baik pada pendidikan dasar dan menengah maupun pada pendidikan tinggi di Muhammadiyah. Seluruh Amal Usaha Muhammadiyah (AUM) pendidikan harus melaksanakan pendidikan al-Islam dan Kemuhammadiyahan sebagai fondasi pendidikan. AIK yang sudah berjalan pada lembaga Muhammadiyah harus di vitalkan kembali fungsinya. Sehingga empat peran dan misi pendidikan Muhammadiyah dapat berjalan seperti yang di cita-citakan. Revitalisasi AIK didasari oleh realitas yang menganggap kurang begitu pentingnya AIK di pendidikan Muhammadiyah. semangat yang kian melemah itu perlu segera kita respon positif. Revitalissi berarti, pertama, mengadakan AIK bagi yang di perguruan Muhammadiyah belum ada, kedua, memvitalkan kembali fungsi AIK yang sudah berjalan. Dengan mempertimbangkan beberapa aspek. Tujuan pendidikan Muhammadiyah yang dalam grand Desain rencana yang akan mendorong terwujudnya Indonesia yang berkemajuan harus dimulai dengan revitalisasi AIK di perguraun Muhammadiyah.
Vegetation High-Impedance Faults' High-Frequency Signatures via Sparse Coding
Authors: Gomes Douglas Pinto Sampaio , Ozansoy Cagil , Ulhaq Anwaar
Published: May 2019

The behavior of High-Impedance Faults (HIFs) in power distribution systems depends on multiple factors, making it a challenging disturbance to model. If enough data from real staged faults is provided, signal processing techniques can help reveal patterns from a specific type of fault. Such a task is implemented herein by employing the Shift-Invariant Sparse Coding (SISC) technique on a data set of staged vegetation high-impedance faults. The technique facilitates the uncoupling of shifted and convoluted patterns present in the recorded signals from fault tests. The deconvolution of these patterns was then individually studied to identify the possible repeating fault signatures. The work is primarily focused on the investigation of the under-discussed high-frequency faults signals, especially regarding voltage disturbances created by the fault currents. Therefore, the main contribution from this paper is the resulted evidence of consistent behavior from real vegetation HIFs at higher frequencies. These results can enhance phenomena awareness and support future methodologies dealing with these disturbances.
MUHAMMADIYAH DAN PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nuryana Zalik
Published: May 2019

Makalah ini adalah bahan diskusi Mata Kuliah Islam Interdispliner pada Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia UAD. Disusun berdasarkan beberapa referensi. makalah ini menjelaskan bahwa Muhammadiyah adalah organisi terbesar di Indonesia dengan jumlah amal usaha dalam bidang pendidikan yang banyak. Banyaknya perguraun Muhammadiyah ini menjadi peluang sekaligus tantangan untuk mengelolanya. Pendidikan yang sudah berjalan ini perlu dikuatkan kembali fungsinya. Pendidikan Muhammadiyah memiliki empat dasar semangat yaitu, pendidikan, pelayanan, dakwah, dan perkaderan. Empat semangat itu yang tidak boleh padam. Pendidikan sebagai pelayanan dan pendidikan dan juga tidak mengesampingkan fungsi dakwah dan perkaderan.
Strategi Pengenalan Membaca Phonics Method dalam Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat di Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Retnomurti Ayu Bandu , Hendrawaty Nurmala , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: May 2019

Tujuan dilaksanakannya pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu untuk menjelaskan bagaimana strategi pengenalan membaca kosakata bahasa Inggris melalui metode phonics bagi Guru di wilayah Jagakarsa Jakarta Selatan semester Gasal 2018/2019 dan menjelaskan produk luaran yang dihasilkan melalui strategi phonics dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini. Metode phonics merupakan salah satu metode membaca yakni “Para guru mengajarkan siswa bagaimana bunyi-bunyi huruf itu maupun mencampur bunyi-bunyi secara bersama-sama untuk  membentuk  kata dan metode bunyi (phonics method) merupakan suatu teknik belajar membaca yang menekankan pada bunyi (lafal pengucapan) yang dihasilkan oleh huruf-huruf yang terdapat di dalam kata  (bunyi semacam itu dapat berbeda dari nama-nama huruf ini, seperti dalam bahasa Inggris ketika bunyi huruf c [si] tidak sesuai dengan pengucapan kata [cat].” Selain itu, kelebihan metode ini adalah memudahkan siswa membuat hubungan otomatis antara kata dan bunyi, siswa dapat membunyikan dan membacanya sendiri. Pembelajaran bahasa Inggris menggunakan instruksi phonics lebih efektif daripada belajar membaca tanpa instruksi phonics. Mengacu pada hal tersebut disarankan bahwa bagi sekolah diharapkan mampu mengarahkan guru untuk menggunakan metode atau strategi pembelajaran yang mempu menarik antusias siswa dalam belajar serta menciptakan suasana kelas yang nyaman dan menyenangkan. Bagi guru, ketika pembelajaran berlangsung diharapkan ada dua orang guru atau lebih untuk mengondisikan serta diharapkan guru berbicara secara tepat dan lantang ketika pembunyian huruf phonics sehingga siswa mampu mendengar dengan jelas.
Pariwisata Syari’ah sebagai Aset Perekonomian Dalam Bingkai Maqashid al-Syari’ah (Studi Atas Pandangan Tuan Guru Lombok)
Authors: War Mu Sa
Published: May 2019

Pariwisata Syari'ah
PENGOLAHAN TEPUNG BAYAM SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG BERAS KETAN DALAM PEMBUATAN KLEPON
Authors: Sembiring Vienna Artina
Published: May 2019

Wanita yang bekerja memiliki risiko anemia lebih tinggi daripada pria yang bekerja. Penyebab Anemia dapat disebabkan oleh tekanan kerja, kelelahan dan penurunan zat besi (Fe) di setiap siklus menstruasi. Bayam adalah sayuran dengan kandungan zat besi atau besi paling banyak dibandingkan dengan sayuran hijau lainnya. Kandungan zat besi bermanfaat bagi penderita Anemia. Kandungan air namun yang terkandung dalam bayam mencapai 86,9% yang menyebabkan daya bayam kurang. Tepung bayam adalah salah satu solusi untuk memperpanjang umur simpan dan menjaga nilai gizi yang terkandung dalam bayam. Salah satu tepung bayam fungsional adalah sebagai pengganti dalam pembuatan Klepon. Klepon dibuat dengan persentase substitusi tepung bayam 30%, 60%, dan 90%. Berdasarkan 100% dan 30% hasil tes hedonik dengan peringkat rata-rata 3,33 dan 3,27 menunjukkan tingkat yang sangat disukai dan 60% dengan nilai rata-rata 2,89 menunjukkan tingkat suka. Sedangkan hasil uji One Way Anova, menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung bayam tidak memiliki efek signifikan pada rasa dan rasa tetapi memiliki efek signifikan pada tekstur dan warna Klepon.
Computer Security Behavior and Awareness: An Empirical Case Study
Authors: Abdallah Nahel , Abdullah Odeh
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the studentâ€™s behavior towards information security and test critical factors that are affecting its awareness, which was carried out among the undergraduate students of An-Najah National University, Palestine. Previous studies have shown that end-users present the weakest link in the security chain. The attacks on computer systems are continuously becoming serious problems which raise the interest among researchers. In achieving the goal of this study, surveys of 80 university students' data were collected and analyzed using SPSS to examine the theoretical model. It is hoped that the outcome of this study will contribute in developing a proper understanding of the factors influencing the behavior of university students towards information security behavior. Additionally, it is anticipated that the findings of this study to lead to more awareness programs that can be used to promote privacy and security protection behaviors of information security.
DE KANT A HONNETH: UM ENSAIO SOBRE A LIBERDADE E SUA ADEQUAÇÃO CONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Massaú Guilherme Camargo , Bainy André Kabke
Published: May 2019

O conceito “liberdade” é tema central de debates de esferas do conhecimento como a filosofia moral, política e do direito. Reconhece-se que as respectivas digressões teóricas têm acompanhado o caminhar das civilizações contemporâneas. Isso porque a liberdade, mais do que uma construção teórica, diz respeito ao “mundo da vida”, ao “ser com os outros” e àquilo que há de mais concreto e imanente na existência e experiência humanas. Não poderia ser outra a razão do direito se apropriar do conceito e de suas significações, atribuindo normatividade (na forma de direitos e garantias) à liberdade. A questão que parece ser ainda (e constantemente) necessária de ser retomada é a busca por fundamentos teórico-filosóficos da liberdade jurídica, de modo a se compreender as próprias dimensões da palavra, mas, além disso, as próprias premissas racionais que as justificam. Assim, o presente artigo pretende fazer um comparativo entre autores de diferentes épocas – a saber, Kant, Hegel Rawls e Honneth - que desenvolveram, ao menos tangencialmente, a temática da liberdade jurídica, de modo a se viabilizar uma análise comparativa quanto à mudança, ou não, da fundamentação teórica utilizada pelos mesmos. Os métodos de pesquisa empregados foram o histórico e o analítico. O histórico teve como objetivo traçar o pensamento dos autores em comento, considerando-os de um modo historicamente situados no tempo. O analítico foi utilizado para se poder retirar as consequências das informações colhidas e responder ao problema de pesquisa.
EFFECT OF LEADERSHIP STYLE ON PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES PT LINTAS MEDIATAMA BANDUNG
Authors: Widjaja Yani Restiani , Rahmayani Rani , Dini Andhita Dian
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze leadership style, employee performance and the influence of leadership style on the performance of employees of PT Lintas Mediatama Bandung. This study uses a non probability sampling technique with a type of census. The population in this study were thirty employees of PT Lintas Mediatama Bandung. All population members are used as samples. Data collection methods are divided into primary data and secondary data. primary data collection using observation, questionnaires, and interviews. Secondary data collection uses literature studies and scientific journal references. Test of research instruments such as frequency calculation, validity and reliability test the author uses SPSS version 20. The results of the study show that there is a relationship between leadership style and employee performance. The leadership style has a positive influence on employee performance.

Key words: leadership style, employees performance
Comparative planetology in IPE RAS
Authors: Zharkov V. N. , Gudkova T. V.
Published: May 2019

The review of the studies on comparative planetology carried out in the Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences is presented. The obtained results are described in accordance with the study objects: the Moon, terrestrial planets, Venus and Mars, Phobos and Deimos-moons of Mars, giant planets and their moons.
Modeling the spectral features of acoustic noise produced by gas flow in rock samples based on the theory of ensemble of interconnected pore resonators
Authors: Ivanova E. A. , Mikhailov D. N.
Published: May 2019

A new model describing the pore space as an ensemble of interconnected Helmholtz resonators is proposed. This model makes it possible to improve the description of spectral peculiarities of the experimentally recorded acoustic noise during gas flow through a porous medium. The results of the resonance frequency calculation are presented by the example of the pore space model of the Indiana Limestone. Microvortexes in the pores are considered as the main mechanism of acoustic noise generation by gas flow. The presented numerical simulations on COMSOL Multiphysics show that the generation of microvortexes begins when the Reynolds number in the pores reaches 1 to 10.
Estimation of free core resonance parameters based on long-term strain observations in the diurnal frequency band
Authors: Milyukov V. K. , Amoruso A. , Crescentini L. , Mironov A. P. , Myasnikov A. V. , Lagutkina A. V.
Published: May 2019

The free core nutation (FCN) is one of the Earth’s rotational eigenmodes, which is caused by the retrograde motion of the liquid core relative to the mantle. The FCN period and Q-factor are determined by the elastic properties of the core/mantle boundary (CMB) and their electromagnetic interaction. In the celestial coordinate system, the FCN period is about 430 days; in the Earth-fixed reference frame this effect manifests itself in the form of the free core resonance (FCR) whose frequency falls in the diurnal tidal band. FCR observation requires highly accurate measurement of the amplitudes and phases of the near-diurnal tidal waves. In particular, the parameter estimates for minor waves K1, P1, Ψ1, and Φ1 are critically important for evaluating the FCR effect, i.e., the period and decay of this resonant mode. The progress in the experimental study of FCR is mainly due to the accumulation of the data from superconducting gravimeters and VLBI; at the same time, also the data of the precision laser strainmeters were used. In this work, the FCR effect is studied based on the long-term strain precision records by two European stations: Baksan, Russia (laser interferometer–strainmeter with a measuring armlength of 75 m [Milyukov et al., 2005; 2007] and Gran Sasso, Italy (two perpendicular laser interferometer–strainmeters, BA and BC, each with a measuring armlength of 90 m [Amoruso and Crescentini, 2009]).
Systematics of paleomagnetic directions from early–middle Devonian rocks of Minusa troughs: new data and old problems
Authors: Shatsillo A. V. , Pavlov V. E.
Published: May 2019

Paleomagnetic results from numerous Early–Middle Devonian volcanic sequences of the Minusa trough, southern Siberia, are presented. The analysis of these data definitely indicates that the geomagnetic field in the Devonian had a specific character, different from both the present field and the field of more ancient geological epochs, and was extremely variable (hyperactive). The anomalies in the paleomagnetic record of the Early–Middle Devonian are not local, peculiar to a particular region, but have a global occurrence. The synthesis of the obtained results with the paleomagnetic data from the coeval volcanics from Scotland shows that during a relatively short time (10–20 Ma), the geomagnetic pole repeatedly changed its location, significantly deviating from the Earth’s rotation axis up to the (paleo)equator and assuming some quasi-stable positions. The arguments suggesting that the specific features of the Devonian paleomagnetic record could probably be induced by the significant contribution of the equatorial dipole to the main geomagnetic field are presented.
Methods for assimilation of observational data in problems of the physics of the atmosphere and the ocean
Authors: Shutyaev V. P.
Published: May 2019

In this paper we review and analyze approaches to data assimilation in geophysical hydrodynamics problems, starting with the simplest successive schemes of assimilation and ending with modern variational methods. Special attention is paid to the the study of the problem of variational assimilation in the weak formulation and construction of covariance error matrices of the optimal solution. This is a new direction, to which the author made a contribution: an optimality system is formulated for the problem of variational data assimilation in a weak formulation and algorithms for deriving the covariance error matrices of the optimal solution are developed.
The characteristic of acid melts which formed tephra of pleistocene-holocene eruptions of Ichinsky Volcano, Kamchatka (Results of melt inclusions study)
Authors: Tolstykh M. L. , Pevzner M. M. , Naumov V. B. , Babansky A. D.
Published: May 2019

This paper presents the results of a study of melt inclusions in plagioclase, amphibole and pyroxene from Ichinsky volcano’s tephras of different age. Two types of melts have been identified, distinguished by different concentrations of potassium (K2O). Major and trace elements’ composition of these melts indicates that magma mixing was the dominating process in the Ichinsky magmatic system.
Mobility of dissolved palladium and platinum species under water-rock interaction in chloride media: modeling of PGE behavior under interaction of oceanic serpentinites with sea water derivates
Authors: Kubrakova I. V. , Tyutyunnik O. A. , Silant’ev S. A.
Published: May 2019

To elucidate the possibility of PGE transfer by highly-salt chloride solutions, the palladium and platinum behavior was simulated in the conditions of low-temperature hydrothermal transformation of serpentinites of the oceanic crust. In dynamic water-rock experiments using columns ﬁlled with crushed ultrabasic rocks of the ocean ﬂoor (harzburgite serpentinites of mid-oceanic ridges with diﬀerent degrees of carbonatization), it is established that the eﬃciency of palladium transfer depends on the alteration (carbonatization) degree of peridotites and under the experimental conditions is 80–100%. It is assumed that the transport of palladium occurs as a result of the formation of a strong complex compound with thiosulfate ion, which is an intermediate oxidation product in the “sulphide-sulfate” system. Platinum, hydrolyzed at approximately neutral pH and not forming compounds with thiosulfate ion, is completely retained by serpentinites, possibly due to sorption interactions with silicates. Thus, the higher mobility of palladium during the low- temperature transformation of abyssal peridotites and the dependence of the character of its distribution in the studied rocks on the processes of serpentinization and carbonatization have been conﬁrmed.
High-pressure elastic properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons obtained by first-principles calculations
Authors: Litasov K. D. , Inerbaev T. M. , Abuova F. U. , Chanyshev A. D. , Dauletbekova A. K. , Akilbekov A. T.
Published: May 2019

Crystal structure and compressibility parameters of benzene and a number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were calculated by first-principles methods of the density functional theory with a gradient approximation of the exchange-correlation potential in the form of PBE, taking into account the van der Waals interactions optPBE-vdW in a pressure interval of 0–20 GPa. A comparison with the experimental data for benzene, naphthalene, tetracene, and pentacene shows a high accuracy of the calculations. All studied materials have a close compressibility with the bulk modulus from 8 to 12 GPa and its pressure derivative 6.9–7.5, which consistent with a decrease in the intermolecular distances and a weak deformation of the molecules and benzene rings themselves. There is a weak dependence of the compressibility on the number of atoms (benzene rings) in the molecule or on the type of crystal structure (most PAHs have a space group P 21/a). Compounds with a large number of benzene rings, as well as a denser ring structure – cyclic (pyrene, coronene) have lower compressibility with respect to less dense PAHs (tetracene, hexacene). Some PAHs, benzene, phenanthrene, pyrene and coronene, have high-pressure modifications, but a correct description of their structures, which allows to obtain elastic modules, has not yet been made. The obtained data on PAH compressibility can be used in the development of high-temperature equations of state and calculation of the equilibrium composition of the liquid and solid components of the C-O-H system.
Acidic drainage on Pavlovskoe ore deposit (archipelago Novaya Zemlya)
Authors: Limantseva O. A. , Ryzhenko B. N. , Cherkasova E. V.
Published: May 2019

Thermodynamic modelling of the system of “Pavlovskoe rocks-water-atmoshere gases” is done. The modelling aqeous solutions are alkaline. The concentrations of normalized elements (As, Cd, Se, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Ga, Ge, Sr, In) are much higher their mcl standards, especially on the ore storehous sites.
Age and duration of the formation of the Olimpiadinski gold deposit (Yenisei ridge, Russia)
Authors: Gibshner N. A. , Sazonov A. M. , Travin A. V. , Tomilenko A. A. , Ponomarchuk A. V. , Silyanov S. A. , Nekrasova N. A. , Shaparenko E. O. , Ryabukha M. A. , Khomenko M. O.
Published: May 2019

40Ar/39Ar datings of quartz-mica-sulfide, quartz-gold-arsenopyrite-pyrrhotite and quartz-gold-antimony associations at the ultra-large (more than 1000t. Au) Olimpiadinski gold deposit (Yenisei ridge) have been correlated. It was found that hydrothermal activity at the deposit lasted at least 150 ma.y. from 817 to 660 ma.y.
Germanium-rich palladium minerals – palladogermanide pd2ge, paolovite pd2 (sn, ge), zvyagintsevite in sulfide-bearing anorthosites of the Yoko-Dovyren pluton, Baikal region
Authors: Spiridonov E. M. , Orsoev D. A. , Ariskin A. A. , Kislov E. V. , Korotaeva N. N. , Nikolaev G. S. , Yapaskurt V. O.
Published: May 2019

The bottom part of the Yoko-Dovyren layered mafic–ultramafic intrusion hosts the Baikalskoe deposit of Cu–Ni sulfide ores with Pt–Pd mineralization, and the stratigraphically higher portion of the intrusion includes units and pockets with low-sulfide ore with Pt–Pd mineralization. The maximum Pd, Pt, Au, Ag, Hg, and Cd concentrations and the greatest number of noble-metal minerals, including those containing Ge, are typical of vein-shaped sulfide-bearing anorthosite bodies and pegmatoid anorthosites in the upper part of the Critical Unit, at the boundary between the troctolite unit and overlying gabbronorite. The noble-metal minerals were produced mostly by postmagmatic pneumatolytic (fluid–metasomatic) processes. These minerals are kotulskite, moncheite, zvyagintsevite, telargpalite, paolovite, and other Pd and Pt chalcogenides and intermetallic compounds, including palladogermanide that contains 19.8 wt % Ge (the first find in Russia), paolovite with 8.1 wt % Ge (first find), and Au-rich zvyagintsevite that bears 0.55 wt % Ge. The palladogermanide has the composition Pd2.03(Ge0.80As0.15Bi0.02)0.97, and much of its Ge is substituted for As, as is typical of endogenic Ge minerals. The composition of the Ge-paolovite isPd2.02(Sn0.54Ge0.35Sb0.05As0.04)0.98. The possible source of the germanium is contact-metasomatic pyrite-bearing paralic carbonaceous shales hosting the intrusion.
Vendian and Permian-Triassic plagiogranite magmatism of the Ust’-Belaya Mountains, West-Koryak fold system, Northeastern of Russia
Authors: Moiseev A. V. , Luchitskaya M. V. , Gul’pa I. V. , Khubanov V. B. , Belyatsky B. V.
Published: May 2019

Vendian and Permian-Triassic plagiogranite magmatism is distinguished for Ust’-Belsky and Algansky terranes of West-Koryak fold system. U–Pb zircon ages from Vendian and Permian-Triassic plagiogranites are 556 ± 3 Ma (SIMS), 538 ± 7 Ma (LA–ICP–MS) and 235 ± 2 Ma (SIMS) consequently. It is revealed, that Vendian and Permian-Triassic plagiogranites are mainly low-K and low-Al. Sr–Nd isotopy and rare-earth element patterns allow supposing their formation by partial melting of primarily mantle substrate or by fractional crystallization of basic magma. Vendian plagiogranites formed within active margin in ensimatic island arc simultaneously with deposition of lower part of volcanic-sedimentary complex of Otrozhninskaya slice. We suggest the Permian-Triassic plagiogranites were being formed within the limits of Ust’-Belsky segment of Koni-Taigonos arc during partial melting of melanocratic ophiolite material build up as fragments in accretionary structure of that arc or by fractional crystallization of basic magmas melted from the similar substrate.
Thermobaric depth settings of sedimentary rock basins and their fluid dynamics: Сommunication 2. Superhigh pressures and mud volcanoes
Authors: Kholodov V. N.
Published: May 2019

The article discusses the patterns of placement of mud volcanoes, their spatial connection with tectonic faults, anticlinal uplifts, oil and gas fields. The connection of mud volcanic activity with ultrahigh pressures arising in the clay strata of the stratisphere as a result of phase transformations of clay minerals and organic matter is argued. The role of earthquakes in the formation of fractured clays, increasing their permeability and the formation of mud crates is emphasized. On the example of the mud volcano Aligula (Turkmenistan), the processes of dilution of sandstones and clays, the formation of volcanic mud-crates are considered.
Kinematic model of the Midoceanic Gakkel ridge East areas development in the Eurasian basin of the Arctic ocean
Authors: Schreider Al. A. , Schreider A. A. , Sazhneva A. E. , Kluev M. S. , Brehovskih A. L.
Published: May 2019

The new map of linear magnetic anomalies axis for the mid-Arctic ridge east areas development in the Eurasian basin is made. The domestic geomagnetic investigations for the first time allow to determine paleomagnetic anomaly C25 and estimate the time of transfer rifting to spreading process as chrons С25r-С26n (57.656-59.237 ma). The eastablishing of Lomonosov ridge and Siberian margin splitting zone is made. The Euler pole for the splitting kinematic for first time calculated. The nocoinciding of conjugate isobaths related to process of sliding peripheral continental crust areas along lithosphere thrust plane for the first time is calculate.
Biological investigations research in Bering Sea using a remote operated vehicle Comanche
Authors: Galkin S. V. , Ivin V. V.
Published: May 2019

The article discusses the results of research on benthos, carried out in south-western Bering Sea using remotely operated vehicle Comanche. The vertical distribution of the dominant animals on the northern slope of the Volcanologov Massif and fauna associated with the hydrothermal vents of Piip Volcano was studied.
Sedimentation systems definition of the Barents Sea and Norwegian-Greenland basin during 68th cruise of the research vessel Academic Mstislav Keldysh
Authors: Kravchishina M. D. , Novigatsky A. N. , Savvichev A. S. , Pautov L. A. , Lisitzin A. P.
Published: May 2019

The article presents summary of the first research results of sedimentation systems of the region of interaction of the Arctic Ocean and Atlantic Ocean obtained in July-August 2017. Joint examination of the system of dispersed sedimentary matter (aerosols, suspended particulate matter, phytoplankton, faecal pellets, etc.) – concentrated sedimentary matter (bottom sediments), of biogeochemical processes of the matter transformation in the system in line with paleo-oceanologic reconstructions allow us to understand environment and climate of different geological epoch in one of the key ocean areas. The attempt to study the role of endogenous material in recent sedimentation processes in the ocean was taken on the example of the subpolar zone of the mid-ocean ridges system – Mohn Ridge.
Geological and hydrological studies in the Northern Atlantic in 2017 on a section at N59°30’ (68th сruise of the research vessel Akademik Mstislav Keldysh)
Authors: Klyuvitkin A. A. , Gladyshev S. V. , Kravchishina M. D. , Novigatsky A. N. , Eroshenko D. V. , Lokhov A. S. , Kochenkova A. I.
Published: May 2019

The first results of the multidisciplinary expedition aboard the RV «Akademik Mstislav Keldysh» to the North Atlantic in July 2017 are given. Continuation of deep convection in the Irminger Sea to a depth of 1500 m, which began in 2015, is discovered. New information is provided on the structure of the main jets of the North Atlantic Current in the Iceland basin and in the Irminger Sea (Irminger Current), as well as the East Greenland Current. New samples of atmospheric aerosols, suspended particulate matter and bottom sediments are collected. New data on the particle fluxes have been obtained using sediment traps.
Geoecological conditions in the Baltic sea in 2017
Authors: Krek A. V. , Ulyanova M. O. , Bubnova E. S. , Krechik V. A. , Ryabchuk D. V. , Danchenkov A. R. , Churin D. A. , Kapustina M. V. , Tkacheva E. S. , Khatmullina L. I. , Sergeev A. Yu.
Published: May 2019

In 2017, comprehensive geological, geophysical, hydrological and hydrochemical researches were conducted in the South-Eastern Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Finland. 1775 nautical miles of surveys were conducted using multibeam echosounder and profiler. Surface bottom sediments (156 samples), the upper undisturbed layer of pelitic sediments and bottom water (15 samples), 2 cores were taken. Laboratory analyzes were performed on pH (189), concentration of oxygen (246), suspended matter (286) and oil products (110). Microplastic was also collected in the water (118) and bottom sediments (45). Conducting comprehensive research in the South-Eastern Baltic Sea allowed us to record the weakening of the Major Baltic Inflow effects, followed by changes in the environmental conditions of the region. Geological surveys in the Gulf of Finland expanded the coverage area of the bottom of multibeam surveys and contributed to the refinement of the formation processes of linear and circular transgressions at the bottom.
Hydrological and hydrochemical underpinnings of primary production and division of the Russian sector in the Gdansk basin of the Baltic sea
Authors: Kudryavtseva E. A. , Aleksandrov S. V.
Published: May 2019

The distribution patterns of absolute and specific values of primary production in the upper 10-m layer depending on the physical and chemical condition of the marine environment (temperature, salinity, depth, bottom topography and configuration of the coastline, and nutrient concentrations) were distinguished in the Russian sector in the Gdansk Basin of the Baltic Sea based on long-term research data (2003–2015). Based on the results, the considered water area was divided into five regions: Cape Taran, the base of the Curonian Spit, the plateau of Rybachy, the open sea, and the Gdansk Bay (northeastern part). These regions are characterized by higher correlations of primary production and parameters of the marine environment compared to regression analysis for the regions distinguished by bathymetry. Primary production is the most closely correlated with temperature over the entire water area and with nutrients concentrations in seaward regions.
The present-day seismicity of the White Sea region
Authors: Morozov A. N. , Vaganova N. V. , Asming V. E. , Nikonov A. A. , Sharov N. V. , Konechnaya Ya. V. , Mikhailova Ya. A. , Evtyukhina Z. A.
Published: May 2019

A revised earthquake catalog has been compiled for the White Sea region for the period between 2005 and 2016. The earthquake parameters were revised using a single velocity model (BARENTS), a single methodological approach (Generalized Beamforming), and all available raw data and bulletins of Russian and foreign seismic stations. The location of two nuclear explosions detonated on July 18, 1985 and September 6, 1988 in northern European Russia for civilian purposes showed that the algorithm for calculating hypocenter parameters combined with the BARENTS velocity model is an effective tool. The resulting earthquake catalog enabled us to reveal the leading patterns in the distribution of recent seismicity in the White Sea region.
A quantitative estimate of the effects of sea tides on aftershock activity: Kamchatka
Authors: Baranov A. A. , Baranov S. V. , Shebalin P. N.
Published: May 2019

The issue of whether tidal forces really affect seismicity has been raised many times in the literature. Nevertheless, even though there seems to be a kind of consensus that such effects do exist, no quantitative estimates are available to relate tide parameters to changes in the level of seismic activity. Such estimation for aftershocks of large earthquakes near Kamchatka is the goal of the present study. We consider the influence on seismicity due to ocean tides only, because their effects are stronger than those of solid earth tides. Accordingly, we only consider earthquakes that occurred in the ocean. One important feature that distinguishes the present study from most other such research consists in the fact that we study the height of ocean tides and its derivative rather than tidal phases as the decisive factors. We considered 16 aftershock sequences of earthquakes near Kamchatka with magnitudes of 6 or greater. We also examined shallow background earthquakes along the coast of Kamchatka. Our basic model of aftershock rate was the Omori–Utsu law. The background seismicity distribution was assumed to be uniform over time. In both of these cases we used the actual distributions in space. The heights of ocean tides were estimated using the FES 2004 model (Lyard et al., 2006). The variation in activity from what the basic model assumes in relation to tidal wave height and its time derivative was estimated by the method of differential probability gain. The main practical result of this study consists in estimates of averaged differential probability gain functions for aftershock rate with respect to both of theconsidered factors. These estimates can be used for earthquake hazard assessment from aftershocks with ocean tides incorporated. The results of our analysis show a persistent tendency of aftershock rate increasing during periods when the ocean tide decreased at a high rate. For the background events, we found a typical tendency of event rate increasing when the ocean tide decreased with high tidal amplitudes. The difference in the main factors that affect aftershocks and background seismicity suggest the inference that the effects of tides on aftershocks are more likely to be direct dynamic initiation of events during high strain rates, while the effects on the backgroundevents were static in character.
New data on age, material composition and geological structure of the Central Kamchatka depression (CKD). Part 1. Rocks types. Age, petrological and isotopo-geochemical characteristicsн
Authors: Koloskov A. V. , Davydova M. Yu. , Kovalenko D. V. , Ananyev V. V.
Published: May 2019

The paper presents new age and isotope geochemical characteristics for plateau effusive rocks from the Central Kamchatka Depression (CKD) and Nikolka Volcano. We compared these data with the data on rocks from the Klyuchevskoy group of volcanoes and also Sheveluch, Kharchinsky, Zarechny, Nachikinsky, Bakening volcanoes and NEB-adakites from Pliocene shield volcano between the Ozernaya Kamchatka and Pravaya Kamchatka rivers. It is shown that the evolutionally advanced (often more alkaline) rock from Nachikinsky, Bakening, Nikolka volcanoes and the Pliocene shield volcanoe significantly differ in isotope-geochemical characteristics from the Klyuchevskoy group of volcanoes rocks. Exactly this type of rocks is characteristic for CKD as rift structure. The Klyuchevskoy group of volcanoes rock are not typomorphic for this structure and manifest the usual orogenic volcanism stage, typical for much larger area. Miocene plateau effusive rocks differ from rocks of this group only by slightly increased potassium alkalinity. The rift type rocks characteristic feature is not only their increased alkalinity, but also specific microcomponents ratios: Ti/V > 0.004, Nb/Y > 0.28, Dy/Yb > 2.00, La/Yb > 6.5, Sm/Yb > 2.4, Lu/Hf < 0.08. Along with isotopic characteristics, these ratios suggest the existence of the single deep asthenospheric mantle reservoir for initial melts. The Kurile-Kamchatka and Commander-Aleutian island-arc systems’ junction is marked by the increased fluid enrichment (Ce group of REE) of melts for rocks of certain volcanoes: Shiveluch, Kharchinsky, Zarechny.
Cloud Changes in the Period of Global Warming: the Results of the International Satellite Project
Authors: Pokrovsky O. M.
Published: May 2019

The results of analysis of climatic series of global and regional cloudiness for 1983–2009. Data were obtained in the framework of the international satellite project ISCCP. The technology of statistical time series analysis including smoothing algorithm and wavelet analysis is described. Both methods are intended for the analysis of non-stationary series. The results of the analysis show that both global and regional cloudiness show a decrease of 2–6%. The greatest decrease is observed in the tropics and over the oceans. Over land, the decrease is minimal. The correlation coefficient between the global cloud series on the one hand and the global air and ocean surface temperature series on the other hand reaches values (–0.84) — (–0.86). The coefficient of determination that characterizes the accuracy of the regression for the prediction of global temperature changes based on data on changes in the lower cloud, in this case is 0.316.
Trends in sea surface temperature of the Sea of Okhotsk and adjacent water areas by satellite data in 1998–2017
Authors: Lozhkin D. M. , Shevchenko G. V.
Published: May 2019

For the Sea of Okhotsk and the adjacent water areas, a series of mean monthly sea surface temperature values were computed from satellite measurements of 20 years (1998–2017). In each space cell, the coefficients of the linear trend are determined by the method of least squares. Such coefficients were calculated for each month separately, for the whole series as a whole, and also for average values of the temperature for the season. The relationship of these coefficients to the observed decrease in ice extent in the water area of the Sea of Okhotsk during the last twenty years has been analyzed. It is shown that the heat content of the surface layer in this basin decreases, most significantly in its northern and western parts. This trend is especially pronounced in the spring, which may be due to a decrease in ice cover and a more significant cooling of the waters due to winter convection.
Electric charging of eruptive clouds from Shiveluch Volcano caused by different types of explosions
Authors: Firstov P. P. , Akbashev R. R. , Zharinov N. A. , Maximov A. P. , Manevich T. M. , Melnikov D. V.
Published: May 2019

The number of explosive eruptions at Shiveluch Volcano has significantly increased over the past years, which requires close volcanic monitoring using all available techniques. In order to implement a new monitoring technique into integrated methods of volcano monitoring, the authors analyze response to the intensity of the vertical component in the atmospheric electrical field (EZ AEF) during the movement of ash clouds. Two eruptions of different intensity that occurred December 16, 2016 and June 14, 2017 at Shiveluch were selected for study. We used a combination of satellite, seismic, and infrasound data to select signals in the EZ AEF field. Signals with negative polarity that accompanied ashfalls in the EZ AEF dynamics were registered for both eruptions within the closest area (< 50 km). In the former case, the ash cloud was “dry” and thus it caused aerial-electrical structure of the negatively charged cloud. In the latter case, a strong explosion sent into the atmosphere the large volume of ash and volcanic gases (98% in form of vapour) that resulted in the formation of a dipolar aerial-electrical structure caused by eolian differentiation within the closest area. At the distance of more than 100 km we registered a positive-going signal that is attributive to the aerial-electrical structure of the positively charged type of the cloud.
Development of principles and norms to regulate non-navigational use of international water flows
Authors: Nikanorova A. D. , Egorov S. A.
Published: May 2019

Under conditions of water deficit due to pollution and climate change, the international community pays special attention to international laws and regulations for non-navigational use of international water flows. In this article, we provide insights into historical aspects of international public law in the sphere of regulation of international water flows for hydroelectricity, irrigation, and fishing. Herein, we analyze and identify prospects for the future development of a new branch of international public law for the regulation of international relations regarding non-navigational use of trans boundary water flows, and their protection and conservation.
Transformation of organic substances in the conjugate series of surface waters of North Karelia
Authors: Drozdova O. Yu. , Ilina S. M. , Anokhina N. A. , Zavgorodnyaya Yu. A. , Demin V. V. , Lapitskiy S. A.
Published: May 2019

In this study, compositions of organic matter were investigated in the conjugate series of natural waters, including that from soil water, wetlands, streams, and lakes. In determinations of compositions of aliphatic and benzoic acids and humic substances, humic substances comprised the bulk of dissolved organic carbon, with 28% in lake waters and 57% in waters of wetlands and a weighted average molecular mass of 1 kDa. Aliphatic and benzoic acids comprised ≤ 2% of the total carbon content of water-soluble organic compounds. Transformations of dissolved organic matter occurred in a series of surveyed waters. Specifically, compositions and specific characteristics are dynamic, and increases in the fraction with a molecular weight of < 1 kDa were associated with photo- and bio-degradation of macromolecular organic compounds.
A study of long-term changes in Black Sea ecosystems based on data assimilation of remote measurements in a numerical model
Authors: Dorofeev V. L. , Sukhikh L. I.
Published: May 2019

Herein, we present a simulation of the dynamics of Black Sea ecosystems using a three-dimensional interdisciplinary model that assimilates satellite color scanner measurements. Calculations were performed for the fifteen years from 1998 and a set of 3-d biogeochemical fields of the Black Sea were generated on a regular grid with a discreteness time of 1 day. Analyses of core biogeochemical parameters of the marine ecosystem were then performed. The qualities of received fields were evaluated using comparisons with existing data from in situ measurements.
Space–time analysis of the hydrochemical composition and pollution of water in the Northern Dvina basin
Authors: Dzhamalov R. G. , Mironenko A. A. , Myagkova K. G. , Reshetnyak O. S. , Safronova T. I.
Published: May 2019

The dynamics of water quality along the Northern Dvina River is considered within the context of anthropogenic impact. In general, the waters of the river are characterized as very polluted. Cases of high and extremely high levels of water pollution in various locations have been considered. Organic substances, iron compounds, copper, and zinc are relatively common pollutants. Long-term average volumes of inflow of certain pollutants along the length of the river exceed the maximum permissible concentration by 2 to 5 times. A tendency toward slightly improved water quality downstream with decreasing amounts of petroleum products and zinc compounds was revealed also.
Assessment of the quality of freshwater ecosystems based on the functional condition of bivalved mollusks
Authors: Kholodkevich S. V. , Sharov A. N. , Chuiko G. M. , Kuznetsova T. V. , Gapeeva M. V. , Lozhkina R. A.
Published: May 2019

An approach is proposed for ranking the quality of freshwater ecosystems by the state of bivalve mollusks living in them. Cardioactivity indicators and accumulation of metals in the tissues of the mollusks from various waters of the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland and the Rybinsk Reservoir were used to characterize the ecosystems, and an original hyperosmotic test was used to analyze the functional state of the mollusks.