bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT ADAT TERPENCIL MELALUI MODEL PENDIDIKAN LUAR SEKOLAH
Authors: Hadiyanti Puji
Published: July 2018

Empowering the community of remote custom is an effort to raise dignity and prestige of human to the real position. There are many challenges that must be faced especially in empowering potential that exists in human itself. Modeling out of school education tries to position itself as one of approaches that can be used in the effort of empowering the community of remote custom. Developing theori awareness in the importance of study process as an effort of behavior changes, then it will open their access toward an appropriate study process to their way of life and their requirement in order to increase their power, their cognitive, their psychology, their economic and their politic that is a form of done empowering. Although it cannot happen in short time, out of school education is believed will make them more adjustable toward environment changes.
Impact of increase in temperature and light intensity on development and metamorphosis of hatchery reared silver pompano Trachinotus blochii (Lacepede, 1801) larvae
Authors: Jayakumar R. , Sakthivel M. , Abdul Nazar A. K. , Tamilmani G. , Rameshkumar P. , Samal A. K. , Anikuttan K. K. , Anbarasu M. , Balamurugan V. , Thiagu R. , Sirajudeen S. , Gopakumar G.
Published: July 2018

The impact of increase in temperature and light intensity on development and metamorphosis of hatchery produced larvae of silver pompano Trachinotus blochii (Lacepede, 1801) was studied. Two sets of larviculture tanks (Set 1 and Set 2) in triplicate were exposed to two different temperatures and varying light intensities. The growth of the larvae from day one to day 25 post-hatch (dph) and metamorphosis were studied. It was found that an increase of 2°C water temperature and increased light intensity significantly reduced the growth. The percentage of growth reduction gradually decreased and got stabilised towards the end of larviculture with a mean reduction of 15%. Further, a delay of three days in metamorphosis was also observed in Set 2. The reduced growth rate coupled with change in pigmentation of larvae can be considered as the resilience response of the larvae to combat temperature and light stress without compromising survival.
Effect of partial replacement of marine protein and oil sources in presence of lyso-lecithin in the diet of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon Fabricius, 1978
Authors: Imran Khan H. , Rohit Prathibha , Madhubabu E. P. , Jannathulla R. , Ambasankar K. , Syama Dayal J.
Published: July 2018

A 42-days growth trail was performed to evaluate the effect of lyso-lecithin in Penaeus monodon (5.08±0.08 g) in terms of growth and carcass fatty acid composition. Three iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets were prepared by partially replacing both marine protein and oil sources using plant based ingredients in the presence of soy-lecithin or lyso-lecithin. Each experimental diet was randomly allotted to three tanks with fifteen shrimps per tank and all the tanks were equipped with the flow-through system. Results revealed that shrimp fed diet with lyso-lecithin had significantly (p<0.05) higher specific growth rate, SGR (2.15) and daily growth coefficient, DGC (1.44) than those fed soy-lecithin (1.91 and 1.25 respectively). The growth pattern, feed and protein efficiency measures were not only better with lyso-lecithin compared to soy-lecithin and also on par with the control group. However, there was no significant difference in survival (82.22 to 84.44%) between the dietary treatments. The fatty acid composition of diets to a certain extent was reflected in the carcass composition of shrimp. The most essential fatty acids viz., eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids were significantly (p<0.05) higher in shrimp fed lyso-lecithin supplemented diet. Present results suggest that lyso-lecithin enhances growth performance of P. monodon and carcass fatty acid composition compared to soy-lecithin due to its high emulsification properties with partial replacement of marine sources.
ANALISIS RAGAM GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, DAN SIDIK LINTAS KARAKTER AGRONOMIK JAGUNG HIBRIDA SILANG TUNGGAL
Authors: Priyanto Slamet Bambang , Azrai Muhammad , Syakir Muhammad
Published: July 2018

The success of selection in plant breeding program is determined by genetic variabiliities, heritability values and the correlation between agronomic characters and yield. The study aims to determine the genetic variability, heritability and the effec of agronomic characters to grain yield. The experiment was conducted in February to May 2016 in Grobogan, Central Java. The experiment consists of twelve genotypes of maize hybrids, arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The characters observed were plant height, ear height, number of harvested ear, shelling percentage, moisture content of grain harvested, weight of 100 grains, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, number of seeds per row per ear, and grain yields. The results showed that the genetic variability of agronomic characters was broad, except ear diameter. Almost all of the heritability values of yield components were high, except harvested ear weight and ear diameter. The characters of plant height, ear height and as the genotypic gave high of a direct effect on the yield higher, while direct effect of the phenotypic character of ear hairves on grain yield are higher.
NİKAİA’NIN ANTİK DÖNEMDEKİ TARIMSAL ÜRETİMİNE DAİR İZLER: NİKAİA’DAN BİR PRES TAŞI
Authors: Şahin Mustafa , Altın Ahmet Ali
Published: July 2018

Bu makalede, Bursa İli, İznik İlçesi, Orhaniye
Köyü’nde Bursa İli ve İlçeleri Kültür Envanteri projesi kapsamında 2017 yılında
bulunmuş olan bir zeytinyağı presi vida ağırlık taşı tanıtılmaktadır. Beyaz
mermerden küp şeklinde kesilen bloğun, üzerinde bulunan dübel delikleri ve ön
yüzde betimlenen stilize edilmiş 8 kollu khristogram motifi nedeniyle,
orijinalinde bir sunak alt tablası veya bir tür mezar anıtı (?) olarak
kullanıldığı düşünülmektedir. Mermer blok, üzerindeki betime göre ilk olarak MS
5.-6. yüzyılda kullanılmış olmalıdır. Bununla birlikte, bloğun devişirme
malzeme olarak, zeytinyağı presi vida ağırlık taşı işleviyle kullanıldığı
evreye ilişkin taşın üzerinde herhangi bir tarihleyici ipucu bulunmamaktadır.
Tunable band gap of Bi3+-doped anatase TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic removal of acetaminophen under UV-visible light irradiation
Authors: Alzamly Ahmed , Hamed Fathalla , Ramachandran Tholkappiyan , Bakiro Maram , Ahmed Salwa Hussein , Mansour Shefaa , Salem Sahar , Abdul al Khaldiha , Al Kaabi Nawf Saif , Meetani Mohammed , Khaleel Abbas
Published: July 2018

A series of Bi3+-doped TiO2 photocatalysts has been prepared via the propylene oxide (PO) assisted sol-gel method. The effect of Bi3+ doping on structural surface morphology and optical properties of the as-prepared photocatalysts was characterized using UV-Visible (UV-Vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller for determination of the specific surface area and porosity, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Increasing the Bi3+ doping percentage up to 10 mole percent, resulted in all as-prepared photocatalysts exhibiting pure anatase phase upon calcination at 400 °C for 3 hours. A red shift in optical band gap measurements was observed with increasing Bi3+ ion percent doping, which led to extension of the photocatalysts' activity to the visible region. The enhanced photocatalytic activity for removal of the pharmaceutical compound acetaminophen under UV-Vis light irradiation was demonstrated by comparing bismuth doped as-prepared photocatalysts with pure TiO2 photocatalysts prepared under the same conditions. Based on experimental conditions, the highest activity was achieved using 10 mole percent Bi3+-doped photocatalyst, where over a period of 4 hours more than 98% acetaminophen removal was achieved.
Nitrogen removal and N2O emission by shunt distributing wastewater in aerated or non-aerated subsurface wastewater infiltration systems under different shunt ratios
Authors: Zheng Fanping , Zhao Yue , Li Zhiqi , Tan Chaoquan , Pan Jing , Fan Linlin , Xiao Lu , Hou Wanyuan
Published: July 2018

This study investigated matrix oxidation–reduction potential (ORP), nitrogen removal, N2O emission and nitrogen removal functional gene abundance in three subsurface wastewater infiltration systems (SWISs), named SWIS A (without aeration or shunt distributing wastewater), SWIS B (with shunt distributing wastewater) and SWIS C (with intermittent aeration and shunt distributing wastewater) under different shunt ratios. Aerobic conditions were produced at a depth of 50 cm and anoxic or anaerobic conditions were not changed at depths of 80 and 110 cm by aeration in SWIS C. High average removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (83.1% for SWIS B, 90.9% for SWIS C), NH3-N (74.3% for SWIS B, 90.8% for SWIS C) and total nitrogen (TN) (61.1% for SWIS B, 87.9% for SWIS C) were obtained under shunt ratios of 1:3 and 1:2 for SWIS B and C, respectively. The lowest N2O emission rate (28.4 mg/(m2 d)) and highest nitrogen removal functional gene abundances were achieved in SWIS C under a 1:2 shunt ratio. The results suggested intermittent aeration and shunt distributing wastewater combined strategy would enhance nitrogen removal and reduce N2O emission for SWISs.
Improved adsorption of Congo red by nanostructured flower-like Fe(II)–Fe(III) hydroxy complex
Authors: Sun Xiaoyan , Liu Zhongwu , Zheng Zhigang , Yu Hongya , Zeng Dechang
Published: July 2018

Amorphous Fe(II)–Fe(III) hydroxy complex with flower-like nanostructure was synthesized by ferric reduction using a microwave-assisted ethylene glycol approach. Here we investigated the correlation between its chemical composition and the removal rate for Congo red (CR) dye. The results showed that the amorphous complex had similar reduction and anion exchange capacities to the green rust. Due to the synergistic effect of attractive electrostatic interaction, anion exchange, ferrous redox and hydrogen bonding, the Fe(II)–Fe(III) hydroxy complex exhibited strong adsorption of CR with an estimated adsorption capacity up to 513 mg g−1. In contrast, the Fe(III) hydroxy complex had an adsorption capacity of 296 mg g−1 because of the predominant mechanism based on the electrostatic interaction. The present study provides a facile synthesis of nanostructured iron hydroxy complex, with superior performance in adsorbing CR.
Does influent COD/N ratio affect nitrogen removal and N2O emission in a novel biochar-sludge amended soil wastewater infiltration system (SWIS)?
Authors: Zheng Fanping , Tan Chaoquan , Hou Wanyuan , Huang Linli , Pan Jing , Qi Shiyue
Published: July 2018

Nitrogen removal and N2O emission of a biochar-sludge amended soil wastewater infiltration system (SWIS) with/without intermittent aeration under different influent COD/N ratios was investigated. Nitrogen removal and N2O emission were affected by influent COD/N ratio. Under a COD/N ratio between 1:1 and 15:1, average chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N and total nitrogen (TN) removal rates decreased with COD/N ratio increase in non-aerated SWISs amended with/without biochar-sludge; an increasing COD/N ratio hardly affected COD and NH4+-N removal in a biochar-sludge amended SWIS with intermittent aeration; the N2O emission rate decreased with COD/N ratio increase in the studied SWISs. The biochar-sludge amended SWIS with intermittent aeration achieved high COD (92.2%), NH4+-N (96.8%), and TN (92.7%) removal rates and a low N2O emission rate (10.6 mg/(m2 d)) under a COD/N ratio of 15:1, which was higher than those in non-aerated SWISs amended with/without biochar-sludge. Combining the biochar-sludge amended SWIS with intermittent aeration enhanced the number of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, nitrate reductase activities, nitrite reductase activities, and improved the abundance of nitrogen removal functional genes under a high influent COD/N ratio. The results suggested that the joint use of intermittent aeration and biochar-sludge in a SWIS could be an effective and appropriate strategy for improving nitrogen removal and reducing N2O emissions in treating high COD/N ratio wastewater.
Selection of quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria for membrane biofouling control: effect of different Gram-staining QQ bacteria, Bacillus sp. T5 and Delftia sp. T6, on microbial population in membrane bioreactors
Authors: Gül Bahar Yavuztürk , Imer Derya Yüksel , Park Pyung-Kyu , Koyuncu Ismail
Published: July 2018

This study aimed to address the gap in understanding how the microbial community present within quorum quenching-membrane bioreactor (QQ-MBRs) changes during the operations by investigating the behavior of two different types of QQ bacteria, Bacillus sp. T5 and Delftia sp. T6. The anti-biofouling effects of T5 and T6 in the QQ-MBR were 85% and 76%, respectively. According to the Illumina HiSeq results, when the QQ-MBR was operated with Gram-positive bacteria, T5, in the mixed liquor a reduction was observed in Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria population increased. In contrast, when the QQ-MBR was operated with Gram-negative bacteria, T6, Gram-negative bacteria population reduced and an increase in Gram-positive bacteria observed. As such, the outputs of the Illumina analysis revealed that use of Gram-negative QQ bacteria in the reactor induced a Gram-positive microbial community and vice versa. This indicates that a close interaction occurs between indigenous Gram-negative and positive bacterial phyla, and Bacillus sp. T5/Delftia sp. T6 is fundamental to the performance of MBRs. This is the first study demonstrating such a relationship and assistance selecting QQ bacteria/strategy in an effective way.
Co-digestion of microalga-bacteria biomass with papaya waste for methane production
Authors: Cea-Barcia Glenda , Pérez Jaime , Buitrón Germán
Published: July 2018

The anaerobic co-digestion of microalga-bacteria biomass and papaya waste (MAB/PW) was evaluated under semi-continuous conditions. Microalgae-bacteria biomass was obtained from a high rate algal pond fed with municipal wastewater and artificially illuminated. The co-digestion of MAB/PW was evaluated using a 1:1 (w/w) ratio and an organic loading rate of 1.1 ± 0.1 g COD/L/d. Enzymatic activity assays of papain were performed in the feeding to determine the activity of this enzyme in the substrate mixture. A methane yield of 0.55 L CH4/gVS and 68% of total volatile solid removal were observed. The volumetric productivity was 0.30 ± 0.03 L CH4/L/d with a methane content of 71%. It was observed that papaya waste was a suitable co-substrate because it maintained a low ammonium concentration, decreasing the risk of inhibition due to ammonia and then increasing the methane yield of the microalgae-bacteria biomass compared to the biomass alone. The pretreatment effect by the addition of papaya waste on the microalgae-bacteria biomass was supported by the papain activity remaining in the substrate.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Pediatric IBD: Current Application and Future Perspectives
Authors: Lega S. , Bramuzzo M. , Dubinsky M.C.
Published: July 2018

Background:

as the paradigm for IBD management is evolving from symptom control
to the more ambitious goal of complete deep remission, the concept of personalized medicine, as a
mean to deliver individualized treatment with the best effectiveness and safety profile, is becoming
paramount. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is an essential part of personalized medicine
and its role in the management of IBD patients is rapidly expanding.

Objective: to review the current knowledge that poses the rationale for the use of TDM, and the
present and future role of TDM-based approaches in the management of pediatric IBD.

Method: literature review.

Results: the concept of TDM has been introduced in the field of IBD along with thiopurines, over
a decade ago, and evolved around anti-TNF therapies. TDM-based strategies proved to be costeffective
in the management of patients with loss of response to biologics and, more recently,
proactive TDM to optimize drug exposure has been shown to reduce treatment failure and drug
adverse events. The role of TDM with new biologics and the usefulness of software-systems support
tools to guide drug dosing are now under investigation.

Conclusion: Therapeutic drug monitoring has the potential to maximize the cost-benefit profile of
therapies and is becoming an essential part of IBD management.
Synthesis of New 5-amino-7-(aryl)-1,2,3,7-tetrahydro-8-nitroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine- 6-carboxamide and 6-amino-2,3,4,8-tetrahydro-9-nitro-8-(aryl)-1H-pyrido[1,2- a]pyrimidine-7-carboxamide Derivatives
Authors: Hosseini Fahimeh S. , Bayat Mohammad
Published: July 2018

Aim and Objectives: Development of simple synthetic routes for widely used organic compounds
from readily available reagents is one of the major tasks in organic chemistry. Therefore, new approaches for
increasing the molecular diversity of simple starting materials, are needed. Herein, an efficient synthesis of
imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine, pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine and pyrido[1,2-a][1,3]diazepine derivatives is described.

Materials and Methods:

A one-pot, multi-component reaction of nitro ketene aminal derived from the addition
of various 1,n-diamines to 1,1-bis(methylthio)-2-nitroethene with cyanoacetamide and aromatic aldehydes is
described. The reactions are completed within 2-5 h, in ethanol at reflux, in good to high yields (70-93%). The
structures of products were deduced from their IR, mass, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectra.

Results:

Optimal reaction conditions for the synthesis of products were obtained, when ethanol was used as the
solvent at reflux. This protocol involves Michael reaction, imine–enamine tautomerization, and cyclization sequences.

Conclusion:

This work represents an efficient synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine, pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine
and pyrido[1,2-a][1,3]diazepine derivatives via a one-pot, multi-component reaction. The advantages of this
protocol are mild conditions, easy accessibility of reactants, absence of catalyst, high atom economy, simple
work-up and purification process with no chromatographic technique.
Synthesis of Five-Membered Heterocycles Containing Nitrogen Heteroatom Under Ultrasonic Irradiation
Authors: Kaur Navjeet
Published: July 2018

Ultrasonic irradiation is employed to accelerate organic reactions. Under sonication reduced time, good selectivity, excellent yield, and milder conditions were observed for many organic reactions. Ultrasonic reactions are increasingly used as green, clean, and environment-friendly methods in organic synthesis in terms of energy conservation and waste minimization. The use of ultrasound irradiation is increasing in coming years. The use of ultrasound irradiation in the synthesis of five-membered N-heterocycles is depicted in the present review article.
Systemic Therapies for Metastatic Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Parimi Sunil , Rauw Jennifer M. , Ko Jenny J.
Published: July 2018

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are unique to that of most other solid tumors because
they are highly curable in the metastatic setting. While the use of cisplatin-based chemotherapy
continues to drive cure in this patient population, important improvements in the delivery
of therapy, creation of risk-adjusted treatment paradigms, and salvage-therapy options have further
enhanced survival as well. The future holds promise for a more multidisciplinary approach to
care, through advancements in biochemical markers and a better understanding of how surgical
and radiotherapy approaches can integrate into our existing management strategies.
EELEACH Clustering Approach to Improve Energy Efficiency in WSN
Authors: Desai Neha D. , Khatawkar Shrihari D.
Published: July 2018

Background:

Wireless sensor network is self-organizing which consists of a large number of
sensor nodes and one sink node according to recent patents. The most important characteristics of such
a network are the restricted resources like battery power, consumption capacity and consumption range.
Energy consumption is one of the important issues in the wireless sensor network and the challenge is to
prolong the network lifespan.

Objective:

The objective of the proposed approach is to balance a consumption of energy at member
node as well as head node of cluster during the data transmission stage and to improve energy efficiency
and lifespan of the network.

Methods:

The aim of an energy efficient clustering method to deal with the homogenous distribution and
deployment of tree structure is performed. The performance of network is enhanced by electing head
node with data to the node with greater cluster rate and having lowest distance from sink node. The
member node sends their data to the head node which forwards their data to the node with greater
weight rate which is sent to the sink node in an energy balancing way.

Results:

A performance analysis of existing approach as LEACH and proposed approach as EELEACH
is undertaken by considering different metrics such as energy consumption successful data delivery,
throughput, routing overhead, packet delivery fraction and delay ratio.

Conclusion:

From result analysis, the proposed system as EELEACH shows successful data delivery,
throughput, routing overhead, packet delivery fraction and delay ratio. Hence, the low energy
consumption improved lifespan of the network and better data transfer rate.
Mobile Application for Ulcer Detection
Authors: Fraiwan Luay , Ninan Jolu , Al-Khodari Mohanad
Published: July 2018

Purpose:

The number of patients who are suffering from diabetes nowadays is increasing significantly. In some countries, the percentage of population who suffer from this disease can reach up to 20%. Diabetic patients have to deal with their medical conditions and any further complications that this disease may cause. One of the most common conditions is the Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU). The early detection of these ulcers can help and may save the life of diabetic patients.

Methods:

This work proposes a mobile application for the detection of possible ulcers using a smart phone along with a mobile thermal camera (FLIR ONE). The proposed system captures thermal images of the feet from the thermal camera. The app that identifies ulcers was built using Android studio. The images were acquired to the Samsung S6 smart phone using the FLIR ONE SDK. Image processing techniques were deployed based on Open CV Library. The procedure of detecting possible ulcers was implemented based on analyzing the thermal distribution on the two feet. The developed application compares the difference between the temperature distribution on the two feet and checks if there is a Mean Temperature Difference (MTD) greater than 2.2oC (the value which indicates a possible ulcer development).

Results:

The system was tested under simulated conditions by heating different locations of the subjects’ feet to different temperature ranges; one image with temperature less than 2.2oC and another three images with temperature greater than 2.2oC. The system has successfully identified possible ulcer regions along with an image showing the location of the possible ulcers.

Conclusions:

This work is a very first step in developing a complete mobile thermal imaging system that can be validated clinically in the future.
Investigating the Conformation of S100β Protein Under Physiological Parameters Using Computational Modeling: A Clue for Rational Drug Design
Authors: Tiburu Elvis K. , Issah Ibrahim , Darko Mabel , Armah-Sekum Robert E. , Gyampo Stephen O. A. , Amoateng Nadia K. , Kwofie Samuel K. , Awandare Gordon
Published: July 2018

Background:

Physiochemical factors such as temperature, pH and cofactors are well known parameters that confer conformational changes in a protein structure. With S100β protein being a metal binding brain-specific receptor for both extracellular and intracellular functions, a change in conformation due to the above-mentioned factors, can compromise their cellular functions and therefore result in several pathological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Ischemic stroke, as well as Myocardial Infarction.

Objective:

The studies conducted sought to elucidate the effect of these physiological factors on the conformational dynamics of S100β protein using computational modeling approaches.

Method:

Temperature-dependent and protein-cofactor complexes molecular dynamics simulations were conducted by varying the temperature from 100 to 400K using GROMACS 5.0.3. Additionally, the conformational dynamics of the protein was studied by varying the pH at 5.0, 7.4 and 9.0 using Ambertools17. This was done by preparing the protein molecule, solvating and minimizing its energy level as well as heating it to the required temperature, equilibrating and simulating under desired conditions (NVT and NPT ensembles).

Results:

The results show that the protein misfolds as a function of increasing temperature with alpha helical content at 100K and 400K being 57.8% and 43.3%, respectively. However, the binding sites of the protein was not appreciably affected by temperature variations. The protein displayed high conformational instability in acidic medium (pH ~5.0). The binding sites of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+ were identified and each exhibited different groupings of the secondary structural elements (binding motifs). The secondary structure analysis revealed different conformational changes with the characteristic appearance of two beta hairpins in the presence of Zn2+and Mg2+.

Conclusion:

High temperatures, different cofactors and acidic pH confer conformational changes to the S100β structure and these results may inform the design of novel drugs against the protein.
An Analytical Theory of Hall-Effect Devices with Three Contacts
Authors: Ausserlechner Udo
Published: July 2018

Object:

Vertical Hall-effect devices (VHalls) and split-drain MAG-FETs often have three contacts and a single mirror symmetry. We discuss the Equivalent Resistor Circuit (ERC) at small magnetic field, relate it to the electrical degrees of freedom, and compare it to traditional Hall plates with four contacts.

Methods:

In contrast to devices with four contacts, it is not possible to determine the sheet resistance of devices with three contacts by electrical measurements like the one of van der Pauw. However, for both types of devices, the output voltage over input current depends only on resistances of the ERC, the sheet resistance, and the Hall angle, irrespective of the exact shape of the devices and the size of the contacts.

Result:

This allows one to explore the maximum Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) in a very general sense without consideration of any specific device geometry. It is shown how VHalls with all three contacts on the top face of the Hall tub can have electrical symmetry with maximum SNR.
In vitro Study on the Effect of Nanoparticles and Transfersomes as Targeted Drug Carrier for Cancer
Authors: Muthu Karthikeyan , Vijayakumar Blessy , Alagu Thirumurugan
Published: July 2018

Introduction:

Cancer is one of the current leading cause of death all over the world. Among
the various emerging technologies, nanotechnology plays a prominent role in delivering the drug to the
target region.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, the In vitro effect of doxorubicin adsorbed gold nanoparticles
synthesized by Azadirachta Indica leaves extract as reducing agent and the doxorubicin entrapped
modified liposomes called transfersomes was compared over the cervical cancer cell line (HeLa cell
lines). The synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized using a UV-visible spectrophotometer,
SEM analysis.

Results:

The UV-Visible spectrum showed the peak at 537nm and the incorporation of drug over the
nanoparticles was conformed using FTIR and SEM analysis. The drug entrapment onto transfersomes
was also characterized using FTIR and SEM analysis. When compared, the drug entrapped transfersomes
shows significant effect with the lowest concentration of drug (0.25 µg/mL) than the drug adsorbed
nanoparticles.

Conclusion:

Hence, the transfersomes may also become the promising drug carrier in the future.
ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSTICS OF SYNOVIAL CYSTS OF THE HAND AND WRIST
Authors: Chulovskaya I. G. , Egiazaryan K. A. , Skvortsova M. A. , Lobachev E. L.
Published: July 2018

Purpose – to evaluate the efficiency and rationale for a mandatory ultrasound examination of patients with synovial cysts of the hand and wrist joint.Material and methods. The authors performed examination and following treatment of 274 patients with synovial cysts of the hand from 2005 till 2017. The diagnostics was performed basing on clinical and medical history data, roentgenology findings, ultrasonographic data, intraoperative diagnostics and postoperative histological studies. When needed MRT was performed in 35 (12.8%) patients and CT scans in 7 (2.6%) patients. In the presence of clinical signs of lesions in the forearm nerves the examination algorithm was supplemented by electroneuromyography in 17 (6.2%) patients.Results. The ultrasound tests for examination of soft tissues tumors included were characterized by sensitivity of 97.4%, specificity — 99.1% and diagnostic efficiency — 0.96%.Conclusion. Ultrasonographic examination in cases of synovial cysts of the hand and wrist joint allows to perform topical diagnostics, to identify secondary alterations in adjacent anatomical structures and to determine the cause for secondary clinical semiology.
ANKLE ARTHRODESIS WITH THREE CANCELLOUS SCREWS
Authors: Khominets V. V. , Mikhailov S. V. , Shakun D. A. , Shumagaziev S. E. , Komarov A. V.
Published: July 2018

Purpose — to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed method of arthrodesis by three cancellous screws in patients with posttraumatic arthrosis of the ankle joint.Materials and Methods. After removal of talus and tibia cartilage and autografting the proposed method features placement of foot into the optimal position and fixation of the ankle joint with three cancellous screws. 23 patients with posttraumatic ankle deformity arthrosis of grades III–IV underwent surgery according to the described procedure. Condition of all patients prior to and after the surgery was evaluated using the international ankle and rear foot assessment scale of the American Orthopedic Society of the Foot and Ankle (AOFAS).Results. In 20 patients (88%) the ankle ankylosis was reported within 2.5 months, which was confirmed by X-ray examination. In 2 patients (8%) the ankylosis took place in the period up to 4 months. Loss of the correct position of the foot with screws migration was reported in one patient (4%). The authors observed that patients with postoperative deviation of the tibiotalar angle not exceeding 5 degrees as compared to a healthy limb demonstrated the best functional outcomes.Conclusion. The suggested technique ensures a secure fixation of talus in a predetermined position, a single-step compression between the closed joint surfaces and allows an early effective rehabilitation.
TOTAL HIP AND KNEE ARTHROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (REVIEW)
Authors: Murylev V. Yu. , Tsygin N. A. , Shutov E. V. , Zhuchkov A. G. , Rukin Ya. A.
Published: July 2018

Chronic kidney disease is a common medical problem. It is characterized by a peculiar course leading to renal osteodystrophy resulting in increased risk of fractures and joint lesions with the concomitant need for major joints arthroplasty. Moreover, a wide spectrum of organ and metabolic deteriorations due to renal insufficiency causes a more complicated postoperative period with higher mortality and frequent infectious, cardiovascular, hemorrhagic, thrombotic and surgical complications. The highest risks are noted in patients on long lasting hemodialysis.To improve the arthroplasty outcomes an adequate correction of anemia, bone-mineral and electrolyte disorders, arterial hypertension and optimization of dialytic modalities must be ensured.
ARTICULATION AND BACKSIDE WEAR ANALYSIS AFTER LONG-TERM IN VITRO WEAR SIMULATION OF VITAMIN E STABILIZED POLYETHYLENE ACETABULAR LINERS WITH A PRESS-FIT LOCKING MECHANISM
Authors: Puente Reyna A. L. , Holderied M. , Jäger M. , Schilling C. , Grupp T. M.
Published: July 2018

A previous retrieval study analyzed the backside wear of short-term implanted liners against in vitro tested liners of similar life in service and showed comparable results among both groups, with no significant backside wear due to micro-motion.The purpose — to obtain a picture of the overall wear (articulation and backside surfaces) of 0.1% vitamin e blended polyethylene liners, with a locking mechanism based on a press-fit cone in combination with a rough titanium conical inner surface in the fixation area, under a 20 million cycles hip wear simulation.Materials and Methods. A semi-quantitative method was used in order to assess the damage on the backside of the liners and a 3d measuring machine to assess the creep and wear at the articulation surface.Results. The total average backside wear score was 22.00±2.59 from a maximum total score of 147 after 5 million cycles (mc), increased to 31.92±5.57 after 10 mc, but showed no further increment after 15 and 20 mc. The reference liners (subjected only to axial load) showed similar wear scores and modes as the liners under wear simulation (axial load and movement). Small scratches produced during insertion and removal were clearly seen at the rim (fixation) area and no considerable abrasion was observed. The machining marks on the convex surface were always visible. Regarding the articulation surface, a steady state wear rate of 7 µm/year was measured.Conlusion. These results determined that most of the backside wear produced on the liners occurred during their insertion and removal rather than during their life in service. Moreover, the wear at the articulation surface was similar to that seen in vivo at short- and mid-term on highly cross-linked polyethylene liners with and without vitamin e content.
OUTCOMES OF REVERSE ARTHROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH SHOULDER ARTHROPATHY AND MASSIVE ROTATOR CUFF TEAR
Authors: Dokolin S. Yu. , Varfolomeev A. P. , Kuz’mina V. I. , Artyukh V. A. , Marchenko I. V.
Published: July 2018

Purpose — to evaluate mid-term outcomes of reverse joint replacement in patients with shoulder arthropathy and massive rotator cuff tear.Material and Methods. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty with delTa xTeNd (depuy) was performed in 38 patients in the period from december 2010 to december 2016 by the same surgical team. patients’ age ranged from 38 to 82 years. Indications for replacement were pain syndrome and pseudoparalysis of the upper limb in presence of a large or massive Rc tear as well as shoulder arthropathy of various severity degree. Outcomes were evaluated by standard aSeS, cS and ucla scales. Roentgenological examination included ap and axial x-rays during follow up from 1 to 6 years after the surgery with analysis of implants positioning. Mean follow up was 24,2±6,6 months.Results. good outcomes were reported in 6 (15,8%) patients. average functional scores were: aSeS 87,4±2,1, ucla 29,7±1,5 and cS 14,0±2,3. Satisfactory outcomes were observed in 27 (14,2%) patients: aSeS 76,2±2,3, ucla 26,8±1,3 and cS 22,0±1,4 scores. poor outcomes were reported in 5 (14,2%) patients with persisting pain syndrome. Conclusion. To avoid significant and multiple complications after reverse shoulder replacement a precise preoperative planning considering particular destructive changes of glenoid fossa is required. For young and physically active patients the authors recommend to use alternative treatment options aiming at restoration of normal shoulder biomechanics and prophylaxis of arthropathy.
VALIDATION OF THE RUSSIAN SHOULDER PAIN LEVEL TEST-QUESTIONARY FOR DETECTION OF PATIENTS WITH SUBACROMIAL IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME
Authors: Emel’yanenko M. V. , Lazko F. L. , Gazhonova V. E.
Published: July 2018

Despite multiple available international scales for assessment of anatomical and functional features of shoulder joint, no unified Russian survey for shoulder joint assessment in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) has been developed so far.Purpose — to develop and validate a test-questionary for shoulder pain (SSp) to diagnose SIS in patients with chronic pain syndrome in the shoulder joint.Material and Methods. Score for shoulder pain (SSp) was validated based on 252 questionnaires including the group of 144 patients with SIS and control group of 108 patients without SIS. age of patients ranged from 50 to 80 years. clinical diagnosis was established using integral clinical and imaging examinations. Internal consistency of survey was evaluated by calculating the cronbach’s alpha. Significance of each question was assessed by calculation of odds ratio (OR). Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and validation threshold for SIS diagnostics were determined by measuring the area under curve (auc). Re-testing reliability was evaluated by intra-class correlation coefficient (Icc) in 60 patients with an interval of 1–3 days. convergent validity was assessed with aSeS and VaS scores. Results. Informative value of the full version of SSp was as follows: 97% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 0.96% auc (95% cI 0,93–0,98), р0,0001. youden’s index (j) equaled 0.88. Validity threshold for SIS diagnostics was above 18. Intra-class correlation coefficient (Icc) was 0,98 (95% cI 0,98–0,99). The authors reported a high inverse correlation with aSeS scale ρ = -0,9498 (r = -0,95; p0,001) and direct correlation with VaS scale ρ = 0,8279 (r = 0,83; p0,001). application of a logic regression resulted in a suggested short version of survey which included 13 questions with threshold for SIS diagnosis above 14 scores. This provided for improvement of intra-test reliability up to 0,93 (95% cI up to 0,91) and the level of clinical use of the short survey version.Conclusion. Short version of survey for shoulder pain (SSp) consisting of 13 questions was validated for clinical use and SIS diagnostics in patients of elderly and middle age with chronic shoulder pain.
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARATIVE ANTIPARKINSON ACTIVITY OF FOUR SPECIES OF MUCUNA
Authors: M Karunanithi , Raj C David , P Brindha , M Jegadeesan , S Kavimani
Published: July 2018

Objective: The aim was to study the antiparkinson activity in the seed extracts of four species of Mucuna.Methods: The hydroalcoholic extracts of seeds of four species of Mucuna were evaluated for antiparkinson activity of after a preliminary phytochemical study. The activity was measured in rats by indirectly measuring the decrease in malondialdehyde level, decrease in tongue protrusion frequency, and reduction in vacuous chewing movement after administering reserpine at the dose of 1 mg/kg. The dose levels of four species of Mucuna seed extract were kept at 100, 200, and 300 mg/Kg.Results: Extracts exhibited potent antiparkinson activity and achieved statistically significant p values compared with control group. The study corroborates and compares all four species of Mucuna. Conclusion: Among the extracts, the highest percentage of antiparkinson activity was recorded for Mucuna pruriens.
ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY STUDY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ACTINOSCIRPUS GROSSUS (L.F.) GOETGH. AND D.A. SIMPSON
Authors: Ganapathi Savin Chanthala , Holla Rajendra , Ym Shivaraja Shankara , Mundugaru Ravi
Published: July 2018

Objective: To study the acute oral toxicity of ethanolic extract of Actinoscirpus grossus (L.f.) Goetgh. and D.A. Simpson in Wistar albino rats.Methods: Ethanolic extract of the plant was assessed for single dose acute toxicity by employing Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development(OECD) guidelines 425 using Acute Oral Toxicity(AOT) software. The dosed (up or down as per the requirement) rats were observed for 14 days for general appearance, behavior, mortality, and necropsy. A total of 5 healthy female rats of body weight 225±25 g were used.Results: The test substance did not produce any mortality up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg per oral.Conclusion: Test substance is without any toxic potential even at the dose of 2000 mg/kg in animals and the Lethal Dose (LD50) value of A. grossus (L.f.) Goetgh. and D.A. Simpson was found to be more than 2000 mg/kg body weight.
THE INVESTIGATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CREAM COMPOSITION WITH THE SAPROPEL EXTRACT
Authors: Strus Oksana , Polovko Natalya , Plaskonis Yuliya
Published: July 2018

Objective: The objective of this research was the development of cream with sapropel extract on the emulsifying base and the investigation of the possibility for cream samples to be in future applied in medicine, cosmetics, and veterinary.Methods: To carry out the research a set of methods (centrifugal, thermal, and potentiometric) to analyze colloidal and thermal stability and determine pH values of the tested samples were used. Organoleptic characteristics of the tested samples and possible signs of physical instability were studied. Rheological properties of the samples were determined on the rotating viscometer. The method of microscopic analysis was carried out to analyze the stability of the emulsion system.Results: The research outcomes revealed that all the prototype samples have thermal and colloid stability, neutral pH value, and consistency that depends on the content of the oil phase and the emulsifying mixture. The samples, containing 15% of Vaseline oil and 4% and 6% of emulsifier no. 1, have low viscosity indexes, and the sample with 10% of emulsifier has a rather dense consistency. The samples containing 20% of oil phase possess unsatisfactory organoleptic properties. Since the sample with 4% of emulsifier possessed low rates of viscosity and phase separation occurred during its storage.Microscopic studies have shown that the sample containing 6% of emulsifier no. 1 exhibits monodisperse and a uniform roundness of drops that indicates the stability of the system.Conclusion: The outcome of the research is the development of the composition of the cream with sapropel extract with the emulsifying base containing 15% of corn oil, 6% of emulsifier no. 1, and 1% of Cetostearyl alcohol and purified water.
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROMETRY OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF NEST MATERIAL OF MUD DAUBER WASP, SCELIPHRON CAEMENTARIUM
Authors: P Susheela , Mary Rosaline , R Radha
Published: July 2018

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the chemical compounds present in the nests of the mud dauber wasp, Sceliphron caementarium.Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the nest samples was carried out by standard procedures. The resultant compounds were compared with the database of the National Institute Standard and Technology (NIST), WILEY8, FAME.Results: The results of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the concentrated ethanol extract revealed the presence of chemical compounds such as methylene chloride, 1, 1’:3’, 1’’-Terphenyl, 5’-Phenyl, Di N Decylsulfone, Eicosanoic acid, 1, 2-Bis (Trimethylsilyl) Benzene, and Androstane-11, 17-Dione, 3-[(Trimethylsilyl) Oxy]-, 17-[O-(Phenylmethyl) O.Conclusion: The compounds identified were found to have biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal, and further study of these isolated compounds may prove their medicinal importance in future.
IS FIBROMYALGIA A SYNDROME OF HORMONAL IMBALANCE?
Authors: Tanwar Suman , Mattoo Bhawna , Kumar Uma , Gupta Nandita , Bhatia Renu
Published: July 2018

Objectives: The present study was conducted to estimate cortisol and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and to find correlation if any between hormone levels and pain duration in FMS.Methods: Plasma cortisol and TSH concentration were determined by electro chemiluminescence immunoassay in 89 female patients with FMS and 74 age-matched healthy women.Results: No significant difference in TSH level was observed between FMS and healthy subjects. Ten patients had higher cortisol levels than the standard reference range, 48 patients with reduced cortisol and 31 patients with normal cortisol levels. No significant correlation was observed between pain duration and levels of cortisol.Conclusion: The study has confirmed the equivocal data regarding cortisol/hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis related dysfunction in FMS. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first Indian study on FMS which assessed the cortisol and TSH levels and their correlation with pain duration if any.
STUDY OF SERUM ADIPONECTIN AND HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Shreshtha Shailza , Sharma Preeti , Kumar Pradeep , Sharma Rachna , Gupta Shivani , Mahapatra Tapan
Published: July 2018

Objectives: Adiponectin, a major cytokine from adipose tissue, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), well-established markers of inflammation are known to be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disorders (CVD). Therefore the objective of our study was to evaluate the levels of these parameters and determine their correlation with glycemia to assess the cardiovascular risks in the patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad, with 25 Type 2 diabetic patients and 25 age and sex-matched controls. Ethical clearance from the institution and informed consent from the patients were taken before the study. Adiponectin was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay, and blood sugar and CRP were estimated by the kit based method.Results: Fasting blood sugar (FBS, 158.2±37.2) and hs-CRP (3.97±1.54) were significantly high, adiponectin was significantly low in the patients with diabetes compared to controls (80.52±9.72, 1.27±0.75, and 10.78±1.69, respectively, p<0.05). Adiponectin showed a negative correlation with FBS (r=−0.427) and hs-CRP (r=−0.336), but the correlation was significant only in case of FBS (p<0.05). hs-CRP positively correlated with FBS (r=0.568) and was statistically significant.Conclusion: The results of our study further support the role of adiponectin and hs-CRP as a predictive biomarker of CVD risks in the patients suffering from Type 2 diabetes.
THE EFFECTIVITY TEST OF ALOE VERA LEAF EXTRACT TO LARVAE CULEX SPECIES
Authors: Weny Wan Nera Fianita , Ilyas Syafruddin , Panggabean Merina
Published: July 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Aloe vera extract as a Culex sp larvicide.Methods: This study used experimental post-test only one group design, for to the results of study used by probit analyzed to assessed toxicity. The experimental animals used are Culex sp (species) instar III/IV with 700 total samples larvae, and each treatment contained 25 larvae with 200 ml of water. The study was conducted with seven treatments including extract concentration used are 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 part per million (ppm), negative control (water), and positive control (abate®1 ppm), with the different observation times 180, 360, 540, 1440, and 2880 min.Results: This study which showed lethal concentration median % at 68.8 ppm concentration with 1440 min observation time.Conclusion: The results obtained in this research work that the extract of A. vera has larvicidal against instar III/IV Culex sp larvae.