bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS: GOING WITH THE TIMES
Authors: Taratukhin E. O.
Published: August 2018

This literature review focuses on the angiotensin II receptor antagonists as one of the new and promising classes of antihypertensive medications. Apart from their antihypertensive activity, these agents possess a number of other beneficial effects. The results of multiple studies, including large multi-centre clinical trials, are presented for olmesartan, an angiotensin receptor antagonist with additional beneficial properties.
CORONARY ARTERY PATHOLOGY IN RIGHT VENTRICULAR MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Ayrapetyan G. G. , Adamyan K. G.
Published: August 2018

Aim. To study anatomical and functional features of coronary blood flow in myocardial infarction (MI) of left ventricular (LV) inferior wall with the involvement of right ventriculum (RV).

Material and methods. The study included 120 patients who suffered MI of LV inferior wall with (Group 2 – LVMI; n=58) or without (Group 1 – RVMI; n=62) RV involvement.

Results. One coronary artery (CA) was affected in 65,0% of the participants. Right CA (RCA) pathology was registered in 97,4% (n=76), while circumflex CA (CxCA) pathology was observed only in 2,6% (n=2). Involvement of two and three or more CA was observed in 26,7% and 8,3% of the patients, respectively. Single CA pathology was at least 1,3 times more common in the RVMI group (p<0,05), while three or more CA were affected at least 8 times more often in the LVMI group (p<0,05). The right dominant, co-dominant, and left dominant types of coronary flow were registered in 76,7%, 15,0%, and 8,3% of the patients, respectively, all of whom were from the LVMI group. In 85% and 15% of the cases, the infarct-related artery (IRA) was RCA and CxCA, respectively. Among LVMI patients, RCA was the IRA almost three times more often than CxCA; among RVMI patients, this difference was 18-fold (p<0,001 for both comparisons). All LVMI patients (n=47) had distal occlusion of RCA, while all RVMI patients (n=55) had its proximal occlusion.

Conclusion. Over two-thirds of the cases оf ST elevation MI of LV inferior wall with RV involvement occur in patients with the right dominant type of coronary blood flow. RVMI typically occurs in patients with right dominant type of coronary blood flow and PCA pathology. MI of LV inferior wall with RV involvement is characterised by proximal RCA occlusion.
DIURETIC-BASED COMBINATION THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION: RESULTS OF THE RUSSIAN TRUST STUDY
Authors: Gavrilova N. E. , Oganov R. G.
Published: August 2018

Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the most important problems of the modern medicine, due to its exceptionally high prevalence. This study focused on effectiveness and safety of the diuretic-based combination therapy among patients aged >18 years (1476 men and 2989 women) with a clinical diagnosis of Stage 1–3 AH. All patients received fixed-dose combination therapy with atenolol and chlorthalidone. The findings from the TRUST study have confirmed safety and effectiveness of the fixed-dose combination of atenolol and chlorthalidone.
CENTRALISED SURVEY ON THE UNDERTREATMENT OF THE HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN RUSSIA (CEPHEUS)
Authors: Boytsov S. A. , Khomitskaya Yu. V.
Published: August 2018

Aim.To assess the percentage of the patients who receive lipid-lowering drug therapy and achieve target levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL–CH), in accordance with the recommendations by the Russian Cardiology Society (RCS) and the 4th Joint European Task Force (4JETF).

Material and methods.The CEPHEUS study is a multi-centre, cross-sectional observational study with the participation of Russian patients. The study participants received lipid-lowering therapy for at least 3 months (no dose modification for ≥6 weeks). The start-date and end-date of the study were Oct 22nd 2010 and Mar 22nd 2011, respectively. The cross-sectional data were collected during a single visit to the clinic.

Results.The study included 1000 Russian patients. Overall, target LDL–CH levels were achieved in 34,5% (RCS criteria) and 48,2% (4JEFT criteria) of the patients who received lipid-lowering therapy in the routine clinical practice. The patients who were treated for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events (CVE) achieved target levels of LDL–CH more often than the patients treated for primary prevention: 38,2% vs. 27,0%, respectively, by the RCS criteria (odds ratio (OR) 1,67; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1,22–2,28; p=0,001) and 54,5% vs. 35,4%, respectively, by the 4JEFT criteria (OR 2,19; 95% CI 1,63–2,95; p<0,001).

Conclusion.Target levels of LDL–CH are achieved by <50% of the Russian patients who receive lipid-lowering treatment. This percentage is even lower in patients receiving lipid-lowering treatment for primary CVE prevention.
STROKE PREVENTION OPPORTUNITIES FOR CARDIOLOGISTS: COMPLEX MANAGEMENT OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION (ROLE OF CALCIUM ANTAGONISTS)
Authors: Taratukhin E. O.
Published: August 2018

The paper focuses on the important issue of cardio-cerebral interactions, cardiac comorbidities, and the need for complex therapeutic approaches. While stroke is traditionally regarded as a neurologic problem, cardiologists play an important role in its prevention, via modification of multiple risk factors. One of the key preventive measures is arterial hypertension treatment. New calcium channel blockers are a promising group of modern antihypertensive medications.
CAN CLOPIDOGREL FULLY SUBSTITUTE WARFARIN AND DABIGATRAN IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION?
Authors: Sumarokov A. B.
Published: August 2018

Commentary on the paper “Age and effectiveness and safety of various antithrombotic therapy variants in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation” by Shevelev V. I. and Kanorskyi S. G. (Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention 2013;12 (1):46–53).
PROGRESSING CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND THE 12-MONTH DYNAMICS OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Markova A. V. , Schwartz Yu. G.
Published: August 2018

Aim. To assess the association between the 12-month dynamics of cardiovascular risk factors (CVD RFs), progressing chronic kidney disease (CKD), and individual baseline clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2) who received active antidiabetic treatment.

Material and methods. In total, 122 patients with AH and DM-2 underwent the laboratory assessment of blood and urine samples at baseline and 12 months later, in order to evaluate the levels and dynamics of CVD RFs and CKD severity.

Results. After 12 months of continuous therapy with antihypertensive and oral antidiabetic medications and statins, the carbohydrate metabolism parameters significantly improved. However, creatinine clearance decreased significantly (by 7,52%). The direction of renal function parameter changes was determined by the baseline CKD stage. Progressing CKD was also associated with obesity (O), atrial fibrillation (AF), and myocardial infarction (MI) in medical history. In patients with or without O, the albumin-creatinine ratio decreased by 59,8% and 34%, respectively. In participants with or without AF, microalbuminuria increased by 321% and decreased by 53,5%, respectively. In patients with MI in medical history, urine levels of creatinine decreased by 33,6%, while in the other patients, they increased by 5,4%. O was associated with a reduction in total cholesterol (TCH) by 5,5%, while in non-obese patients, TCH levels did not change substantially.

Conclusion. In most patients with AH and DM-2, adequate glycemia control, standard antihypertensive treatment, and statin therapy for 12 months were associated with minimal changes in CVD RFs and with a significant deterioration in renal function. The latter was predicted by the CKD stage at baseline, O, MI in medical history, and AF.
ASSESSMENT OF MOTIVATIONAL AND COGNITIVE STATUS OF PRIMARY CARE CLINICIANS WHO TREAT METABOLIC SYNDROME PATIENTS
Authors: Kirichenko L. L. , Ovsyannikov K. V. , Fedoseev A. N. , Korolev A. P. , Budrik O. V.
Published: August 2018

Recently, the clinicians’ attention has been driven to metabolic syndrome (MS), due to increasing prevalence and adverse prognosis of MS. The goal of the treatment of any chronic disease is the achievement of adequate therapeutic compliance which, in turn, is determined by motivational status of both clinicians and patients. The associations between clinicians’ motivation for long-term treatment, their knowledge levels, and the readiness to apply this knowledge in practice, on one hand, and the achievement of chronic disease compensation in patients, on the other hand, deserve further investigation.

Aim. To analyse the readiness of primary care clinicians for the treatment of MS patients. The specific objective was to assess the district therapeutists’ knowledge, skills, and readiness to implement them in clinical practice while treating MS patients.

Material and methods. The study included district therapeutists working at Moscow City polyclinics. In 2011-2013, the participants took continuous medical education courses at the Therapy Department No. 2, Post-diploma Medical Education Faculty, Moscow State Medico-Stomatological University. The doctors’ knowledge and skills were assessed in a questionnaire survey.

Conclusion. The results obtained demonstrate inadequate readiness of district therapeutists for the treatment of MS patients.
EXOME SEQUENCING AND THE DIAGNOSTICS OF COMPLEX DISEASE PREDISPOSITION IN PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
Authors: Shcherbakova N. V. , Meshkov A. N. , Boytsov S. A.
Published: August 2018

The further development of preventive medicine in the 21st century may be impossible without the assessment of individual patients’ genetic data. At present, genetic methods are the gold standard in the diagnostics of monogenic diseases. Recently, genetic factors linked to complex (multifactorial) diseases, such as coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension, have been actively explored. This review focuses on the possible identification of new genetic factors of complex disease heritability, using the exome sequencing approach.
COMBINATION OF ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS AND CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE AND PRESERVED SYSTOLIC FUNCTION: IS THERE A PLACE FOR AN INFORMED CHOICE?
Authors: Zhirov I. V. , Nikolaeva O. A. , Tereshchenko S. N.
Published: August 2018

The authors present the data on the potential of the combination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium channel antagonists in the treatment of hypertensive patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. The informed choice of lisinopril, as a component of such a combination, is justified.
JUSTIFICATION OF A SYSTEMIC APPROACH IN THE SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH PREVENTION: A POSSIBLE SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM OF EXCESSIVE MORTALITY IN RUSSIA (LITERATURE REVIEW). PART II. SOME LIMITATIONS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEMS OF CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY PREVENTION AND THEIR POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS
Authors: Dimov A. S. , Maksimov N. I.
Published: August 2018

The use of pharmacotherapy in prevention is aimed at the correction of already existing consequences (pathology), rather than the prevention of causes. The number of multiple known risk factors (RFs) is steadily increasing, which limits their effective control in the real-world practice. On the other hand, focusing only on a limited number of RFs (7–9) leaves plenty of room for error. Causality is a unity of multiple RFs, unique in each individual case. Determining causality with the use of mathematical modelling can facilitate a more reliable prognostic assessment in cardiovascular disease.
THE INFLUENCE OF GLYCEMIA ON SHORT-TERM PROGNOSIS IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITHOUT ANAMNESIS OF 2ND TYPE DIABETES
Authors: Kholmatova K. K. , Dvoryashina I. V. , Supryadkina T. V.
Published: August 2018

Aim. To estimate the impact of glycemia recorded during myocardial infarction (MI) in-patient care on short-term prognosis of patients without 2nd type diabetes mellitus (2DM).

Material and methods. Totally 296 patients were prospectively investigated. According to glucose levels patients were divided into three groups: 1st with ≤4,0 mM/l (7,4%); 2nd with 4,01–7,79 mM/l (69,9%); 3rd with ≥7,8 mM/l (22,6%). The rate of glucose metabolism disorders and complications during in-hospital care were studied.

Results. In 2/3 of patients with glycemia ≥7,8 mM/l at hospitalization, later the changes of glucose metabolism were found by glucosetolerance test: prediabetes (36,9%), 2DM (32,3%). In the patients of 3rd group significantly higher was the rate of 3-vessel disease (41,8%) anf MI complications: congestive left-ventricular failure — 52,2% vs 27,3% in the 1st group and 34,1% in the second (p=0,017), cardiogenic shock — 26,9% vs 4,5% and 6,8% (p<0,001), conduction disorders — 27,3% vs 9,1% and 11,7% (p=0,006), in-hospital mortality — 13,8% vs 4,5% and 4,4% (p=0,025). The risk of death in subjects with glycemia ≥7,8 mM/l was 3,48 (95% CI: 1,41–8,60) times higher than in normoglycemic (p=0,007). The glycemia was independently linked with complications of MI during in-hospital period: OR = 1,128; 95% CI: 1,005–1,266 (p=0,042), — as also with the age, severity of myocardial damage and systolic pressure at admittance.

Conclusion. There was higher prevalence of MI complications and 3 times higher risk of death in patients without 2DM, but having ≥7,8 mM/l glucose (22,6% of patients) at admittance. The glycemia parameter was an independent predictor for unfavorable prognosis of MI without previous 2DM diagnosis and should be used as part of secondary prevention care.
THE COMPARISON OF ARRHYTHMOGENICITY OF DIFFERENT SURGICAL APPROACHES TO ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors: Chernyavsky A. M. , Kareva Yu. E. , Pak I. A. , Rakhmonov S. S. , Romanov A. B. , Pokushalov E. A.
Published: August 2018

Aim. To estimate the prevalence of iatrogenic atrial flutter in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) after two types of surgical operations: radiofrequency pulmonary veins isolation and radiofrequency modified mini Maze procedure; and to compare the results with control group of patients undergone aortic-coronary bypass grafting (CABG).

Material and methods. Totally 95 patients included with CHD and persistent AF. Subjects were randomized into three groups: 1st (n=31) — with simultaneous CABG and radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary veins ostiums; 2nd (n=30) — simultaneous CABG and mini Maze procedure; 3rd control (n=34) — CABG only. For prolonged ECG monitoring the implanted devices Reveal XT were used in 53 subjects.

Results. The patients escaped from left-atrial flutter were 90% in the 1st group. In the 2nd there was 1 case of left-atrial flutter (according to electrophysiological investigation — the leap through the mitral valve line), meaning 96,9% patients free from it. However there was no significant difference between 1st and 2nd groups (p=0,6). In the 3rd group postprocedure flutter developed in one case too, due to the scar on the left atrium wall after mitral valve regurgitation correction; so 97% patients escaped from flutter, but the difference was still not significant (p=0,4).

Conclusion. In patients with CHD and AF it is recommended to perform radiofrequency modified mini Maze procedure combined with CABG due to its lower proarrhythmogenic effect. The rate of iatrogenic flutter is 3,1% after mini Maze and 10% after pulmonary veins ostiums isolation.
THE SENSITIVITY OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM AND ITS PREDICTORS IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY
Authors: Andreeva E. O. , Koryakina L. B. , Pivovarov Yu. I. , Kurilskaya T. E.
Published: August 2018

Aim.To estimate the role of endogenous metabolic factors in formation of vascular endothelium reactivity in patients with different genesis cardiovascular regulation disorders.

Materials and methods.The research included 30 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) with stable form of exertional angina (EA) of II–III severity class, 30 patients with I–II stage and 1st–2nd degree essential hypertension (EH), and 15 clinically healthy volunteers. We researched the signs of functional state of vascular endothelium before and after occlusion test. The parameters investigated included: adhesion of thrombocytes, spontaneous aggregation, prostacyclin activity of blood plasma, levels of antithrombine-III, of von Willebrand factor, contents of malonic aldehyde, of nitrites, of endothelin-1, of membrane-connected haemoglobin, of methaemoglobin in erythrocytes, activity of angiotensineconverting enzyme, level of sorption on the membrane of erythrocytes of nucleotides. Research of hemorheology was performed by viscosimetry method.

Results.In healthy volunteers high probability of endothelium sensitivity to transverse strain decrease (in 82%) was determined and 25% increase of activity of peroxide oxidation of lipids. In patients with exertional angina influence of dynamic changes of blood flow on endothelium occurred by 2% decrease of viscosity and more than 120% increase of production von Willebrand factor (in 87%). It was concluded that as higher the production of prostacyclin in response to mechanic stimuli (more than 50%) is, the higher is probability of blood flow dynamic changes influence on endothelium. In patients with essential hypertension 30% increase of level of antithrombine-III in 100% of cases caused increase of sensibility of vascular endothelium to transverse strain.

Conclusion.The most significant factors linked with sensibility of endothelium of vascular wall to dynamic blood flow changes in examined groups of patients were determined. In patients with exertional angina vascular reaction was mostly linked with rheological qualities and adhesive-aggregation characteristics of blood. In patients with essential hypertension the sensitivity of vascular endothelium was implied to be concordant with anticoagulant activity of blood plasma.
SPECIFIC PROPERTIES OF THE DRUG THERAPY FOR STABLE ANGINA IN MEN
Authors: Oganov R. G. , Maslennikova G. Ya.
Published: August 2018

According to population studies the prevalence of angina increases with age and is about 4–7% in 65–84 years old men. In drug therapy, except direct action of the medicaments on symptoms and complications of the disease, sexual activity must be taken into account due to its impact on life quality and treatment compliance. Beta-adrenoblockers and sartans are common solution for angina with its usual cardiovascular comorbities. The most selective beta-blocker nebivolol and valsartan do not affect and even increase sexual activity, making them a choice for the treatment of angina in men.
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES REGISTRY (RECVAZA): DIAGNOSTICS, CONCOMITANT CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY, COMORBIDITIES AND TREATMENT IN THE REAL OUTPATIENT-POLYCLINIC PRACTICE
Authors: Boytsov S. A. , Luk’yanov M. M. , Yakushin S. S. , Martsevich S. Yu. , Vorobyov A. N. , Zagrebelny A. V. , Pereverzeva K. G. , Pravkina E. A. , Deev A. D. , Andreenko E. Yu. , Ershova A. I. , Meshkov A. N. , Myasnikov R. P. , Serdyuk S. S. , Kharlap M. S. , Bazaeva E. V. , Kozminsky A. N. , Moseychuk K. A. , Kudryashov E. N.
Published: August 2018

Aim.To study the structure of concomitant cardiovascular and comobid pathology, risk factors in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), coronary heart disease (CHD), with congestive heart failure (CHF) and atrial fibrillation (AF), and to evaluate the quality of diagnostics and treatment in the conditions of real outpatient-polyclinic practice by the Registry in Ryazanskaya region – a RF region with high level of cardiovascular mortality.

Material and methods.Into the outpatient-polyclinic registry RECVAZA (Registry of cardiovascular diseases) totally 3690 patients included with AH, CHD, with CHF, AF and their comorbidity, who admitted physicians’ offices in 3 outpatient institutions in Ryazan city: 1047 (28%) males and 2643 (72%) females, mean age 66,1±12,9 y.o.

Results.The AHG diagnosis was mentioned in 3648 (98,9%) patients: CHD – in 2548 (69,1%), CHF – 2726 (73,9%), AF – 530 (14,4%). In 79,5% cases there was comorbidity. In general each one patient had 2,6 diagnoses of 4 analyzed. Myocardial infarction and brain stroke were in 11,4% and 9,5% patients’ anamnesis; diabetes – in 19,1%. The level of investigation of patients did not match the expected level with cardiologic pathology. There was non-sufficient amount of investigations and drugs prescribed, especially ACE inhibitors and angiotensine receptor blockers in CHF patients, statins in CHD, beta-blockers in patients with myocardial infarction, anticoagulants in AF, though they had indications. At the moment of Registry, a discount rate of drug price had 16,7% patinets vs. 33,1% in previous years (p<0,0001).

Conclusion.RECVAZA results revealed in AH, CHD, CHF and AF patients high prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidity, non-sufficient risk factors evelauation nad accordance to national and international guidelines for treatment – important and real gap for diagnostics and treatment quality improvement in AH, CHD, CHF, AF anf their concomitance.
Saberes locais sobre formação de jovens em vulnerabilidade social na região de M’Boi Mirim e proximidades
Authors: Matheus Tiago Luis Corbisier , Oliveira Letícia Daidone
Published: August 2018

Resumo Esta pesquisa toma a educação como eixo privilegiado para o enfrentamento da vulnerabilidade social juvenil na região de M’Boi Mirim e proximidades. Por meio de entrevistas qualitativas, foram ouvidos educadores, diretores e gestores locais, de escolas (15 e um EJA) e equipamentos de formação complementar (3 centros de juventude). As escolas investigadas mostram dificuldade no enfrentamento dos desafios lá vividos: sobrecarregadas na função social assumida, vivem problemas de diversos tipos, desde restrições financeiras, inconstância do corpo docente, evasão escolar, violência dentro e fora do meio escolar, e dificuldade de tornar a escola um lugar inclusivo e plural. Há, porém, escolas, centros de juventude e educadores locais que têm desenvolvido estratégias fecundas para o enfrentamento da vulnerabilidade social juvenil, criando dispositivos de não discriminação, espaços de diálogo e de respeito compartilhado e abrindo seus portões para o convívio regular e cotidiano com o entorno, entre outras ações.
Relação entre práticas parentais e marcos do desenvolvimento motor no primeiro ano de vida
Authors: Ribeiro Rayane Fonseca , Vinolas Prat Bernat , Gomes Alcilene Maria , Morais Rosane LS
Published: August 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: Os pais são responsáveis por organizar uma variedade de experiências dentro de casa e na comunidade, que favorecem o desenvolvimento infantil. Embora seja importante e amplamente estudado nos diferentes domínios do desenvolvimento, existem poucos estudos sobre a relação entre práticas parentais e o desenvolvimento motor. OBJETIVO: Verificar quais práticas parentais estão mais relacionadas com o desenvolvimento motor no primeiro ano de vida. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, exploratório, metodologia Apoio Multicritério à Decisão e Correlação de Spearman. Foram aplicados questionários estruturados sobre práticas parentais e marcos do desenvolvimento motor no primeiro ano de vida em 35 pais ou cuidadores de crianças com idade entre 12 a 24 meses. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se que de quatro a seis meses as práticas de não deixar no berço, colocar de pé com apoio, colocar no chão, dar brinquedos variados, apresentaram correlação moderada e inversa com quatro apoios (r= -0,440 p= 0,010), engatinhar (r= -0,418 p= 0,013) e passos (r= -0,397 p= 0,018). Entre seis a doze meses as práticas de não deixar no berço, colocar de pé com apoio, estimular passos, apresentaram correlação moderada e inversa com sentar-se (r= -0,368 p=0,030), sentar-se bem (r= -0,388 p= 0,021), em pé (r=-0,407 p= 0,015) e passos (r= -0,373 p= 0,027). CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível verificar que há relação entre as práticas parentais e o surgimento dos marcos do desenvolvimento motor no primeiro ano de vida, a partir de 4 meses de idade. Aquelas práticas relacionadas com a oferta de material para aprendizagem e liberdade de movimento foram as mais favoráveis.
Técnicas de higiene brônquica em recém-nascidos e lactentes na unidade de terapia intensiva: revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos
Authors: De Oliveira Thayssa Costa , Moda Giulia Soares Mousinho , Ribeiro Andressa Karoline Pinto de Lima , Nunes Sara Elly Dias , Araújo Rafael Ângelo , Gaia Victória do Socorro Camilo
Published: August 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: A fisioterapia respiratória tem obtido um importante espaço e reconhecimento ao possibilitar resultados de grande eficácia no tratamento intensivo do recém-nascido (RN) e do lactente. Um dos importantes objetos de trabalho da fisioterapia na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) neonatal e pediátrica são as técnicas de higiene brônquica rotineiramente utilizadas, as quais apresentam grande variabilidade. OBJETIVO: Verificar as evidências científicas a respeito dos possíveis efeitos benéficos ou adversos, indicações e contraindicações das técnicas de higiene brônquica mais utilizadas no RN e no lactente na UTI. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, utilizando ensaios clínicos, sem delimitação temporal, baseada no protocolo PRISMA. Foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, PEDro e ScienceDirect. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados um total de 154 artigos, apenas 10 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Destes 5 (50%) associam tapotagem/percussão torácica, drenagem postural, aspiração de vias aéreas superiores e/ou traqueal e vibração e/ou vibrocompressão torácica manual; 1 (10%) associa drenagem, vibração e percussão; 1 (10%) associa vibrocompressão e aspiração nasotraqueal; 1 (10%) associa percussão e vibração torácica; 1 (10%) estudo utiliza a aspiração traqueal e 1 (10%) utiliza a vibrocompressão torácica manual. CONCLUSÃO: A maioria dos estudos encontrados não relataram contraindicações relevantes para impedir o uso de técnicas de higiene brônquica na UTI neonatal e pediátrica, entretanto, alguns resultados foram controversos quanto a sua correta e eficaz indicação.
Método McKenzie na Fisioterapia (Diagnóstico e Terapia Mecânica): Aplicação de Raciocínio Clínico Lógico e Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Artioli Dérrick Patrick , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor
Published: August 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: O método McKenzie utilizado em distúrbios da coluna vertebral, baseia-se na possibilidade de redução ou abolição da dor a partir do uso de movimentos, com preferência de direcionamento, reeducação e autocorreção de padrões posturais, mobilizações e manipulações articulares, com ajustes de mobiliário quando necessário. OBJETIVO: Apresentar os fundamentos gerais do método, bem como resultados de ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados na última década. MÉTODOS: Estudo de aplicação de raciocínio clínico lógico baseado em uma revisão sistemática da literatura. RESULTADOS: É necessária avaliação inicial para analisar características da dor e classificar pacientes como tendo: Síndrome Postural, Síndrome da Disfunção ou Síndrome do Desarranjo. Ao identificar o movimento que minimiza a dor, o mesmo é selecionado para principiar o tratamento. Indicam-se duas séries de 10 – 15 repetições, sustentadas por 1 – 2 segundos, com o paciente sempre tentando alcançar a máxima amplitude de movimento. Apesar da opção primária por um determinado movimento, à medida que o paciente evolui, todos os movimentos deverão ser adicionados ao tratamento, a fim de proporcionar maior elasticidade tecidual. Para complementar, o método propõe mobilizações e manipulações articulares. CONCLUSÃO: Deve-se ressaltar que essa é mais uma estratégia que pode ser utilizada, mas que não consiste no “padrão ouro” de tratamento para disfunções lombares. Importantes indícios apontam que, isolada ou associada a outras técnicas, o método McKenzie possui efeitos positivos no tratamento da dor lombar.
Eficácia da reeducação postural global na dor de indivíduos com disfunção temporomandibular: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Sousa Melo Márcia Monique , Santos Pataro Silvana Maria
Published: August 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: Disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) é caracterizada por um conjunto de alterações funcionais, que envolvem fatores predisponentes, iniciantes e perpetuantes. Considerando que os desvios posturais desorganizam a harmonia corporal entre a postura da mandíbula e todo o sistema esquelético, várias modalidades fisioterapêuticas foram propostas no tratamento da DTM, incluindo a Reeducação Postura Global (RPG). OBJETIVO: Avaliar sistematicamente as evidências sobre a eficácia da RPG no tratamento da dor em indivíduos com DTM. MÉTODOS: Revisão sistemática realizada pesquisa nas bases de dados, maio a setembro 2017, Pubmed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (Lilacs, Scielo e Medline), PEDro e Cochrane Library. Os critérios de inclusão: Ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECR) e Ensaios clínicos controlados (ECC); artigos publicados em língua inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola; que abordavam sobre o tratamento com RPG; com indivíduos adultos > 18 e ?60 anos; diagnosticados com DTM; que continham avaliação da dor. Excluídos: estudos duplicados; que utilizaram exercícios para pacientes pós-cirúrgico e que apresentassem doenças sistêmicas ou qualquer afecção que afetasse o sistema osteomioarticular; que avaliaram pacientes com histórico de trauma facial ou cervical e em uso de medicamentos. RESULTADOS: Um total de 349 artigos foram encontrados, que após a eliminação de duplicatas, filtragem de títulos, resumos e leitura de texto completo foram incluídos na pesquisa três estudos, o que evidenciou a eficácia da RPG na redução da dor. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando os resultados obtidos neste estudo, foi possível concluir que a RPG demonstra ser eficaz na redução da dor presente na DTM. Porém, faz-se necessários mais ensaios clínicos randomizados com maior rigor metodológico, protocolos mais bem definidos, que possam auxiliar na tomada de decisão clínica e que contemplem também a comparação do tratamento entre homens e mulheres.
Traços de um coração doente: Psicologia em diálogo com a Cardiologia
Authors: Ventura Taiane dos Santos , Rodrigues Barbara Borges
Published: August 2018

INTRODUÇÃO: Segundo o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), as doenças cardiovasculares lideram o ranking referente à óbitos no país. Há também uma superlotação dos hospitais com essa demanda, o que demonstra a urgência em investimentos e estudos na área. OBJETIVO: Esse artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma investigação acerca dos fatores emocionais que envolvem as doenças cardiovasculares de pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca, bem como as causas e tratamento sob o viés da psicologia. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter revisional através do levantamento bibliográfico da temática que teve como referencial a abordagem qualitativa a partir da base de dados BVS-PSI, livros e capítulos de livros. RESULTADOS: Delimitou-se categorias diante dos temas mais relevantes encontrado nas pesquisas, organizado nos seguintes grupos: psicofisiologia das emoções; aspectos psicológicos; simbologia do coração; a cirurgia e o paciente cirúrgico; atuação do psicólogo. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: A multifatoriedade da enfermidade aponta para a importância de uma visão ampliada sobre os fenômenos saúde-doença. Diante disso, este estudo espera contribuir com os avanços no conhecimento das doenças cardiovasculares sob a perspectiva da psicologia.
Additive Manufacturing in Healthcare
Authors: Rodríguez-Salvador Marisela , Garcia-Garcia Leonardo Azael
Published: August 2018

The presence of additive manufacturing (AM), in particular 3D printing, is relatively young, but dynamic field that is changing the face of many sectors. Additive production technologies provide wide opportunities for the creation of complex and personalized products and the reduction of time, labor, and other expenses. This paper will focus on AM in healthcare and identify the main areas for its application and the most popular materials. The period under analysis is from January 2005 to April 2015. The analysis involved an iterative search to establish the best queries for retrieving data and a patent analysis. The obtained results were assessed by experts in the field. Through this research, three main applications were identified with dental prosthetics being the most prolific. A wide range of materials were identified, where plastics predominate. Polyethylene was most frequently patented for vascular grafts and tendon replacements, while ceramics were found to be the most useful material for dental applications. Only a few patents disclosed the use of metals, titanium being the most prevalent. This research provides valuable insights for the advancement of additive manufacturing in healthcare applications.
Семья и домохозяйство в России: демографический аспект
Authors: Миронова Анна Алексеевна , Прокофьева Лидия Михайловна
Published: August 2018

В статье рассматривается эволюция демографической структуры российских домохозяйств. Проведен детальный анализ отечественных переписей и микропереписей населения с использованием длинного временного ряда и описанием особенностей сопоставления данных переписей разных лет. Ввиду того, что объектом советских переписей была семья, а постсоветских – домохозяйство, возможности анализа длинного ряда данных по России ограничены. В то же время выделение домохозяйства в качестве объекта наблюдения в российских переписях делает их сопоставимыми со статистикой домохозяйств многих зарубежных стран. На основе данных переписей и микропереписей населения выявлены основные тенденции в изменении размера и структуры домохозяйств в России. Проведён сравнительный анализ структуры домохозяйств в России и в зарубежных странах (странах Европы и США). Показано, что, несмотря на снижение среднего размера домохозяйства и рост доли домохозяйств одиночек, доля домохозяйств из трех и более человек в общей совокупности домохозяйств в России всё ещё значительно выше, чем в Европе и США. Состав российских домохозяйств отличает сравнительно низкая доля супружеских пар без детей и высокая доля неполных (особенно сложных) семейных домохозяйств. Демографический анализ дополнен анализом структуры домохозяйства на разных стадиях жизненного цикла.
Strategic Public Relations in Post-Gaddaffi Libya for Non-Profit Organizations: A Focus on the Rebuilding Efforts of Bokra and Attawasul
Authors: Awobamise Ayodeji Olalekan , Jarrar Yosra
Published: August 2018

This article focuses on understanding the strategic role Public Relations (PR) plays in positioning NGOs and helping them achieve their set out objectives in Libya- Post-Civil war era. The researchers analyzed two Non-Profit Organizations (NGOs) that operate in Libya - Bokra and Attawasul. NGOs like any other organization have publics they need to communicate and appeal to and as such it goes without saying that they channel their communication messages in such a way that their message is clear and resonates soundly with their intended audiences. This is even more pertinent in a country like Libya. Public Relations ensures that organizations are favorably looked upon by their publics by communicating in the right way. This study was premised on the Social Marketing Theory and dealt with understanding Public Relations and how it is used by NGOs in Libya. Based on the findings of this study, it was determined that Public Relations especially through social media, indeed plays a significant role in the process of getting donors and volunteers for NGOs in Libya. To arrive at this conclusion, questionnaires were distributed to staff and volunteers of the organizations under study and interviews were also conducted with top management staff of both organizations.
Work-Family Conflicts: Assessing a South African Sample of Urban Employees
Authors: Akinnusi David M. , Oyewunmi Adebukola E. , Sonubi Olubukunola
Published: August 2018

The article explores the scope and impact of employees’ work responsibilities on the family life and vice-versa. It describes the coping styles adopted by a sample of urban employees and the efficacies of these styles. A semi-structured questionnaire and in-depth interviews were the means of collecting data from 48 respondents who were either dual career couples or single parents. The findings reveal that virtually all the respondents experience serious work-family conflicts, especially with managing their time, domestic chores, and stress. The challenge is for the employer, the employee, trade unions and partners to support each other to alleviate work-family conflicts. The findings are important given the focus of South African government on emancipating and empowering women through legislation and the setting up of national women. The contributions of women would be undermined, if family-work conflicts such as identified here were not addressed.
Successful development of startups as a global trend of innovative socio-economic transformations
Authors: Kofanov Oleksii , Zozul`ov Oleksandr
Published: August 2018

In order to make positive socio-economic transformations, the concept of the sustainable development was proposed and it can be implemented through the innovation. And startups are among the modern innovation drivers. So, the aim of the research was to identify the key startup success factors and to develop an instrument for startup success evaluation in order to minimize the loss of time and resources and partly overcome the high uncertainty rates, specific to the startup industry, using multidisciplinary approach and, in turn, contribute to the sustainable development implementation. It was found that there are three main constituents which influence the startup success – an external environment, startup activity and an internal startup environment. The determined success factors were analyzed according to the groups which correspond to these constituents. The mathematical model in the form of the Bayesian network for evaluation and prediction of the startup success was developed. It was found that the modeled startup success probability is most likely to be of a low or an average level. The conditional probabilities distribution for the startup success was also analyzed. The developed model can be used for the startups success levels determination in a particular country, specific market, etc.
EVOLUTION OF THE PARTY SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS: FROM BIRTH TO STABILIZATION
Authors: Khoma Nataliya
Published: August 2018

The process of the formation of the party system of Cyprus was considered. The period from colonial to 1981 is covered. The factors that influenced the evolution of the parties of Cyprus, in particular the internal conflict, were underlined. Emphasizes the importance of the ethnic component of the population of Cyprus. The attention was paid to the role of the Orthodox Church in shaping the political system of Cyprus. The article analyzes the norms of the Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus (1960) concerning political parties, in which the focus was on the parliamentary aspect of party activity. The role of Archbishop Makarios III, the first president of Cyprus, for the further evolution of the party system in the 1960–70s was revealed. Presented chronology of the appearance of the main parties of Cyprus and their participation in elections and coalitions. The article emphasizes that after the accession of Cyprus to the EU in 2004, the party system of the state is experiencing the trend of the newest European tendencies on the national party palette: the level of people’s confidence in the parties is decreasing, the party identity is blurred, the voter turnout is gradually decreasing, new types of parties are emerging, Radicalization is notable and so on. The party system of Cyprus is special, even if only within the EU there is a pro-communist party (Progressive Party of the Labor People of Cyprus), represented in the European Parliament, among the leading political forces. It was emphasized that the political parties of Cyprus until 1974 were purely electoral mechanisms. The new stage of development began with the stabilization of the post-colonial political system of Cyprus. At this time, the church lost its past influence, and the majoritarian electoral system alienated itself. This led to a new stage in the development of the party system in the late 1970s. It is noted that the determining factor was the transition to a proportional electoral system and the introduction of mandatory participation of voters in the vote. It was emphasized that these legislative innovations became important factors in the development of the modern party system of Cyprus. Since that time, the Cypriot parties have become more independent and united in the coalition.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE PARTY SYSTEM OF MODERN UKRAINE
Authors: Pobochiy Іvan
Published: August 2018

The level of social harmony in society and the development of democracy depends to a large extent on the level of development of parties, their ideological and political orientation, methods and means of action. The purpose of the article is to study the party system of Ukraine and directions of its development, which is extremely complex and controversial. The methods. The research has led to the use of such scientific search methods as a system that allowed the party system of Ukraine to be considered as a holistic organism, and the historical and political method proved to be very effective in analyzing the historical preconditions and peculiarities of the formation of the party system.
The results. The incompetent, colonial past and the associated cruel national oppression, terror, famine, and violent Russification caused the contradictory and dramatic nature of modernization, the actual absence of social groups and their leaders interested in it, and the relatively passive reaction of society to the challenges of history. Officials have been nominated by mafia clans, who were supposed to protect their interests and pursue their policies. Political struggle in the state took place not between influential political parties, but between territorial-regional clans.
The party system of Ukraine after the Maidan and the beginning of the war on the Donbass were undergoing significant changes. On the political scene, new parties emerged in the course of the protests and after their completion — «Petro Poroshenko Bloc», «People’s Front», «Self-help»), which to some extent became spokespeople for not regional, but national interests. Pro-European direction is the main feature of the leading political parties that have formed a coalition in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.
Conclusion. The party system of Ukraine as a result of social processes is at the beginning of a new stage in its development, an important feature of which is the increase in the influence of society (direct and indirect) on the political life of the state. Obviously, there is a demand from the public for the emergence of new politicians, new leaders and new political forces that citizens would like to see first and foremost speakers and defenders of their interests.
Examining Durkheim's Model of Suicide on Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery"
Authors: Anoosheh Sayed Mohammad , Oroskhan Mohammed Hussein
Published: August 2018

The beginning of twentieth century experienced significant changes affecting different parts of society. Such considerable changes not only influenced the appearance of the society but also dramatically changed the social bonds gripping different kinds of people together. In this regard, Emile Durkheim as the father modern sociology thoroughly reexamined the previously settled notion of sociology and brought about a new perspective studying the social bonds. With regard to his two main principles namely mechanical solidary and organic solidarity, he justifies the relationships among the individual within the traditional and modern society. Nevertheless, he mentioned that out of few rare situations, the individual may commit a type of suicide which is totally the consequent effect of society on individual. Hence, through this study it is tried to reconsider Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery" in the light of Durkheim's theory. In this case, it is revealed that while previously it was believed that the main character of the story is killed mercilessly by his friends and families, she has indeed committed altruistic suicide as the result of being so much integrated within the structure of the society.
uOttawa French Immersion Students' Linguistic Identities: The Duality of their Positionings
Authors: Durepos Jessica
Published: August 2018

An important yet still relatively under researched area of research in immersion studies includes post-secondary immersion research and is increasingly warranted in order to better understand the student experiences of these student. The participants of this case study find themselves in a pivotal life moment as they are transitioning from the K-12 immersion education system to a bilingual post-secondary institution. During this transition, the study examines how Régime d'immersion en français students at the University of Ottawa position themselves and are positioned (Davies & Harré, 1990) towards Francophone language and culture. This study reports on the experiences of three first-year undergraduate students of the Régime d'immersion en français in regards to their linguistic identities. Do they consider themselves as Bilingual, Multilingual, Francophone, Francophile, Anglophone, or Other? Moreover, do their Francophone peers legitimize or challenge these self-ascribed positionings? The study exposes the factors which influenced the linguistic positioning of the participants and comments on patterns in the factors which affected their linguistic identity in particular.

Résumé

Un domaine de recherche important, mais encore relativement sous-étudié pour la recherche en immersion concerne la recherche sur l'immersion universitaire. Encore plus, il y a peu de recherche qui étudie les expériences de ces étudiants en immersion universitaire. Les participants de cette étude de cas se retrouvent dans une période turbulente de leur vie, alors qu'ils passent du système d'enseignement en immersion de la maternelle à la 12e année à un établissement d'enseignement postsecondaire bilingue. Durant cette transition, l'étude examine comment les étudiants du Régime d'immersion en français de l'Université d'Ottawa se positionnent et sont positionnés (Davies et Harré, 1990) vers la langue et la culture francophones. Cette étude met le point de mire sur les expériences d'apprentissage de trois étudiantes de première année du premier cycle du Régime d'immersion en français avec accent particulier sur leur identité linguistique. Se considèrent-elles comme bilingues, multilingues, francophones, francophiles, anglophones ou autres? De plus, leurs pairs francophones légitiment-ils ou contestent-ils ces positionnements autoproclamés? L'étude expose les facteurs qui ont influencé le positionnement linguistique des participantes et explore ces facteurs qui ont particulièrement influencé leurs identités linguistiques.
On Blind Men, Elephants, and Immersion Programs
Authors: Séror Jérémie
Published: August 2018

On the 11th and 12th of May 2017, the Official Languages and Bilingualism Institute at the University of Ottawa hosted the symposium: “Immersion in higher education: Where do we stand today?” This symposium was a wonderful opportunity to review the richness, complexity and plural dimensions associated to the concept of immersion. Indeed, the goal of the symposium was to not only mark the 10-year anniversary of the launch of the Régime d’immersion en français (RIF) at the University of Ottawa but also to bring together key stakeholders and specialists from various regions of Canada and the world to faire le point and review what has been accomplished in recent years when we refer to the application of content-based language teaching to the context of post-secondary education.