bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Síndrome de hiperestimulación ovárica: clasificación, fisiopatología y manejo
Authors: Saavedra Saavedra Jaime
Published: April 2020

El síndrome de hiperestimulación ovárica es una complicación iatrogénica de la inducción de la ovulación con gonadotropinas y puede resultar en una grave amenaza para la vida por sus complicaciones; como son: accidente cerebro-vascular debido a trombosis venosa, disfunción hepática, falla renal aguda, complicaciones respiratorias y torsión anexial. El mayor factor predisponente de la forma severa del SHO es el ovario poliquístico.El síndrome se caracteriza por una salida del fluido del espacio intravascular, con acumulación de líquido en espacio peritoneal y pleural, produciéndose hipotensión y una disminución del flujo sanguíneo renal y, por consiguiente, una disminución del volumen urinario. El aumento de la permeabilidad capilar es la hipótesis más aceptada para el inicio de la fisiopatología del evento. El factor de crecimiento endotelial y la presencia de otras citoquinas es crucial en la patogénesis del SHO.La clasificación del síndrome nos permite realizar esquemas de tratamiento lógicos, así tenemos que el SHO leve únicamente amerita reposo e hidratación oral. El SHO moderado se trata conservadoramente con observación ambulatoria, analgésicos, antieméticos, monitorización ecográfica, evaluación de la función renal, hepática, hematocrito y coagulación. El SHO severo, sin cambios anormales del perfil bioquímico, es tratado con aspiración del líquido ascítico, suministro de líquidos endovenosos sobre la base de los cuidados diarios del tratamiento. En caso de SHO con disbalance hidroelectrolítico u otras complicaciones, la paciente debe ser hospitalizada para un manejo apropiado. El manejo quirúrgico se reserva para casos de torsión o ruptura de quiste, o tratamiento de embarazo ectópico.
Presentación atípica de adenomiosis
Authors: Pinzón Bibiana , Romero Javier , Medina Jorge E.
Published: April 2020

El diagnóstico por imágenes de adenomiosis uterina ha sido ampliamente descrita, en especial los diferentes hallazgos de esta entidad en imágenes por resonancia magnética (I.R.M)Presentamos un caso inusual de adenomiosis uterina en un leiomioma que en I.R.M simula la presencia de malformación uterina congénita del tipo Bicornios Unicolis.
КРИТИЧЕСКИЕ ТОВАРНЫЕ ПОТОКИ МАРГАНЦЕВОГО СЫРЬЯ В РОССИИ
Authors: Боярко Григорий Юрьевич , Хатьков Виталий Юрьевич
Published: April 2020

Актуальность работыобусловлена необходимостью изучения проблем импортозависимостиРоссии по марганцевому сырью. Цель: изучение динамики товарных потоков (производства, импорта, экспорта, потребления) марганцевых продуктов (руд и концентратов, ферромарганца, слиликомарганца и марганца металлического); выработка рекомендаций по оптимизации товарооборота марганцевых продуктов. Методы: статистический, графический, логический. Результаты. Марганцевые продукты являются одним из самых массовых импортозависимых товаров России, которых в 2018 г. суммарно импортировано свыше 1,6 млн т, что составляет 72% от их потребления.Импортозависимость по марганцевым рудам по состоянию на 2018 г. составляет 100% от потребления (импортировано 1318 тыс. т), по силикомарганцу – 46% (импорт 192 тыс. т), по марганцу металлическому – 100% (импорт 68 тыс. т) и по ферромарганцу – 10% (импорт 21 тыс. т). Потребление марганцевого концентрата увеличилось с 285 тыс. т в 1996 г. до 1,3 млн т в 2018 г. (+7,2%/год). В ближайшее времячерная металлургия России не сможет обойтись без импорта марганцевого концентрата. Требуется серьезное упорядочение импортных поставок марганцевого концентрата из Казахстана, Южно-Африканской Республики и Габона, а также российские инвестиции в зарубежные марганцедобывающие и ферросплавные компании. Национальное потребление силикомарганца увеличилось с 170 тыс. т в 1998 г. до 455 тыс. т в 2017 г. (+5,3%/год), а производство возросло с 50 до 355 тыс.т/год (+6,5%/год). Объемы импорта силикомарганца остаются на прежнем уровне – 170–190 тыс.т/год, хотя в 2003–2008 гг. они составляли 310–435 тыс.т/год. Сократившийся импорт с Украины замещен поставками из Грузии, Казахстана и Норвегии. Национальное потребление ферромарганца увеличилось незначительно – с 193 тыс. т в 1996 г. до 262 тыс. т в 2017 г. (+0,6%/год), причем объемы производства резко возросли с 50 до 260 тыс.т/год (+6,5%/год). Объемы импорта ферромарганца при этом серьезно сократились с 130 до 21 тыс.т/год (–3,9%/год). Ферромарганец вышел из полной импортной зависимости в импортонезависимую категорию. Появился спрос на новый товарный продукт – марганец металлический, потребление которого выросло с 0,3 тыс. т в 1996 г. до 68 тыс. т в 2018 г. (+12,2%/год). На фоне тотального импорта марганцевых ферросплавов появилось явление встречной импортно-экспортной торговли (экспорт до 63 тыс.т/год ферромарганца и до 133 тыс.т/год силикомарганца), вплоть до формирования направления нетто-экспорта ферромарганца (до 41 тыс.т/год ферромарганца).
НОВЫЙ ПОДХОД К ОЦЕНКЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ГИДРАВЛИЧЕСКОГО РАЗРЫВА ПЛАСТА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ БОБРИКОВСКОЙ ЗАЛЕЖИ ШЕРШНЕВСКОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ)
Authors: Галкин Владислав Игнатьевич , Пономарева Инна Николаевна , Черепанов Сергей Сергеевич , Филиппов Евгений Владимирович , Мартюшев Дмитрий Александрович
Published: April 2020

Актуальностьисследования обусловлена значительным вкладом объемов нефти, добытых в результате проведения на скважинах гидравлического разрыва пласта, в суммарную добычу. Правильная оценка результатов фактически проведенных мероприятий по гидравлическому разрыву позволит выработать четкие рекомендации по дальнейшему применению данного метода интенсификации добычи нефти для геолого-физических условий конкретных месторождений. Цель:оценить результаты проведения гидравлического разрыва пласта применительно к элементу системы разработки, в котором находится скважина – объект воздействия. Объекты: нефтедобывающие скважины – элемент системы разработки бобриковской залежи Шершневского нефтяного месторождения. Методы:геолого-промысловые исследования, корреляционный анализ, схематизация взаимодействия между скважинами. Результаты. Установлено, что проведение гидравлического разрыва пласта на скважине 221 Шершневского месторождения привело к изменению характера взаимодействия между скважинами в пределах всего элемента системы разработки, который стал работать как единая однонаправленно согласованная система. В результате гидравлического разрыва пласта произошло не просто перераспределение объемов дренирования, а возник синергетический эффект, когда проведение мероприятия в одной скважине привело к росту дебитов и согласованности работы всего элемента системы разработки. Вероятно, проведение гидравлического разрыва пласта в скважине 221 привело к существенному изменению фильтрационных параметров бобриковской залежи Шершневского месторождения в более значительных пределах, нежели объем зоны дренирования этой скважины, и на довольно большом участке залежи возникла целая система каналов с пониженными фильтрационными сопротивлениями, а не единичная трещина, как это принято в классическом представлении.
Revisiting Zero Tolerance Policy in Public Schools: The Case for Wraparound Services, Community Partnerships, and Antiracist Policies in Alternative Schooling
Authors: Hollinger Gwendolyn W. , Hansel Tonya Cross
Published: April 2020

Background

The disparities and inequalities that exists in the education system are perpetuated through behavioral alternative schools (BASs). It is suggested that assignment to a BAS does not significantly improve students' grades but rather leads primarily Black impoverished students through the school-to-prison pipeline.

Objective

Although BASs have existed for more than four decades and continue to enroll annually large populations of America's students, implications for policy, practice, and future research remain relevant.

Methods

This review offers a brief history of BASs and zero tolerance policy (ZTP) in public schools.

Findings

The review offers ZTP recommendations for policy restoration and provides an outline of a four-step process for implementing ZTP fairly and equally.

Conclusions

Moving current alternative schools into self-directed learning with social and community supports, not only promotes social justice, but also allows for restoration of ZTP to focus on the undeniable need to keep children of all races safe in school.
So Much Trouble on My Mind: African American Males Coping With Mental Health Issues and Racism
Authors: Bennett Marion Daniel
Published: April 2020

Background

The current discussion examines the mental health needs and challenges of African American males within a social context undergirded by racism. There is a dearth of empirical research on African American males in this regard.

Objective

To effectively address the needs of this population, this article reviews the extant literature on cultural, social, and contextual factors that may be salient factors in the mental health status and outcomes for African American males.

Methods

This includes an examination of the roles of race, religious participation, social support, gender role expectation in mental health and well-being outcomes.

Findings/Conclusion

The current discussion is intended to serve as a prospective guide for future research, prevention, and intervention initiatives designed to improve such outcomes for a vulnerable and at-risk population group.
Transformational School Leadership: Predictor of Collective Teacher Efficacy
Authors: CANSOY Ramazan
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between school principals' transformational leadership and collective teacher efficacy based on teachers' views. The sample were 293 teachers in elementary and middle schools located in the Uskudar district of Istanbul. The data were gathered through the Transformational Leadership Scale and the Collective Teacher Efficacy Scale. Correlation and Regression analyses were employed in the analysis of data. The results showed that the school principals' transformational leadership behaviors had a positive, moderate and significant relationship with collective teacher efficacy. Also, school principals' transformational leadership behaviors were positive and significant predictor of collective teacher efficacy. These findings show that transformational leadership behaviors of school principals are an important antecedent of teachers'common beliefs that they can enable student learning.
O fim da Teoria da Mídia
Authors: Fazi M. Beatrice , Dos Santos Luiza Carolina , Telles Marcio
Published: April 2020

Esse artigo considera o papel da teoria em geral e da teoria da mídia em específico. Ao desafiar a possibilidade de um “fim da teoria” que vem ressoando em debates sobre novas mídias, pretendo mostrar a relevância permanente da investigação teórica. Irei abordar como o ato de teorizar é frequentemente compreendido como a criação de um sistema de abstração que envolve certo grau de distanciamento da realidade que deve descrever. Irei posteriormente expor uma falsa concepção em relação a este distanciamento: por exemplo, a visão de acordo com a qual, se teorizar é abstrair a partir da observação, então abstrair é se desengajar dos fatos. Contra essa visão, irei argumentar que a abstração é intrínseca ao mundo e como o experimentamos.
Ekspresi Caspase-3 sebagai Petanda Apoptosis Makrofag Lesi Kulit Penderita Kusta Tipe Pausibasiler dan Multibasiler
Authors: Yuniaswan Anggun P , Basuki Santoso , Widasmara Delya
Published: April 2020

Macrophage and Schwann cells are target cell on leprosy disease, where apoptotic is assumed as one of elimination mechanism of macrophage previously infected by M.leprae. Several study showed various result in apoptotic on leprosy disease. Apoptotic level can be evaluated by observing caspase-3 activity, an executioner caspase on cell death. This study is aimed to observe the relationship of caspase-3 expression with paucibacillary and multibacillary types of leprosy. We used observational analytic and cross sectional study with consecutive sampling method. The subject was leprosy patient which had been diagnosed on dermatovenereology division outpatient clinic Saiful Anwar Hospital, and fullfilled the inclusion-exclusion criteria. Total subject was 19 persons (11 multibacillary and 8 paucibacillary). Sampling was taken with punch biopsy on skin lession, followed by immunohistochemical staining with caspase-3 antibody, and caspase-3 expression was measured by ImmunoRatio method. Comparation test revealed significant difference (p<0.05%) between caspase-3 expression mean on paucibacillary patient (84.46%) compared to multibacillary patient (65.39%). Pearson correlation test revealed caspase-3 expression tend to be higher in paucibacillary patient than multibacillary (coefficient correlation -0.759). In conclusion, there is a significance relationship between caspase-3 expression with leprosy type.
Grado de severidad de la disfagia orofaríngea neurogénica en el paciente de unidad de cuidado intermedio
Authors: Ariza De La Barrera José José
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Indagar el grado de severidad de la disfagia orofaríngea neurogénica en los pacientes de la unidad de cuidado intermedio, por medio de la escala de severidad de la disfagia de Horacio Cámpora que considera habilidades alimentarias a través de consistencias que puede manejar el paciente realizadas con el Método de Exploración Clínica Volumen – Viscosidad (MECV-V). Metodología: El estudio es de tipo exploratorio, no experimental, con un grupo de 32 pacientes con desórdenes neurológicos. Resultado: Se detecta que el grado de severidad de la disfagia orofaríngea neurogénica en los pacientes de la unidad de cuidados intermedios es moderada – severa, en la cual la ingesta oral no es exitosa y requiere supervisión constante y asistencia por el fonoaudiólogo. Conclusión: La investigación aporta elocuentemente al abordaje fonoestomatognatico y/o motricidad orofacial, en cuanto a la labor asistencial del fonoaudiólogo en las unidades de cuidados intermedios.
PERHITUNGAN SUMBERDAYA BATUBARA MENGGUNAKAN METODE POLYGON DAN METODE ISOLINE PADA WILAYAH IUP PT USAHA BARATAMA JESINDO
Authors: Buana Sari , Nurhakim Nurhakim , Hakim Romla Noor
Published: April 2020

Operasional  PT Usaha Baratama Jesindo diawali  penyelidikan umum batasan luas daerah, mengetahui keadaan geologi dan pencarian singkapan. Penyelidikan dilanjutkan eksplorasi pendahuluan dan eksplorasi detail. Pada Eksplorasi pendahuluan kegiatan pemetaan topografi dan pemetaan geologi singkapan sebagai  pertimbangan eksplorasi detail. Eksplorasi detail difokuskan pada pemboran untuk mengetahui bentuk, geometri endapan batubara serta ketebalan batubara (model geologi endapan), data parameter kualitas batubara. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian metode polygon dan metode isolineKeadaan geologi tergolong geologi moderat terdapat 1 seam dengan 2 percabangan dengan dip (4°-17°), strike dari Barat Daya ke Timur Laut. Permodelan dan perhitungan sumberdaya menggunkan softwere Minescape 4.118, AutoCAD Land Dakstop 2009, Surfer 14.Hasil perhitungan sumberdaya batubara dengan metode polygon seam I terukur 3.473.499 ton, tertunjuk 137. 468 ton, seam I1 terukur 1.957.157, tertunjuk 628.805 ton, tereka 456.017 ton, seam I2 terukur 7.833.287 ton, tertunjuk 2.538.330, tereka 1.582.782 ton. Metode isoline seam I terukur 2.806.904 ton, tertunjuk 133.402 ton, seam I1 terukur 1.981.014 ton, tertunjuk 625.505 ton, tereka 166.789 ton, seam I2 terukur 6.569.498 ton, tertunjuk 2.984.172 ton, tereka 988.715 ton. Perhitungan perbandingan relatif sumberdaya pada seam I 21,23% terukur, 3,00% tertunjuk. Seam  I1 terukur 23,85%, tertunjuk 0,53%, tereka 92,88%. Seam I2 11,66% terukur, 16,15% tertunjuk dan 46,20% tereka. Kata-kata kunci: Eksplorasi, Permodelan, Polygon, Isoline, Sumberdaya
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Terhadap Prospek Unggulan Jambu Gondangmanis Menjadi Desa Wisata (Di Desa Gondangmanis, Kec. Bandar KedungMulyo, Kab. Jombang)
Authors: Yuniwati Eny Dyah , Dullah M. , Cholil M , Verlandes Yulianita
Published: April 2020

Gondangmanis guava production decreases every year, this is caused by pests and plant diseases, due to decreased soil quality, and soil fertility. In addition there are no good cultivation techniques so that Gondangmanis guava only grows conventionally. The purpose of this activity, for assistance, training and development of Gondangmanis guava picking tourism village. Implementation activities begin from April 2019 until August 2019, in Gondangmanis Village, kec. Bandar kedungmulyo, Jombang. The method used is a demonstration plot, and in-depth interviews. From the results of the assistance in this 3rd year, it can be concluded that there has been assistance, training and cultivation of Gondangmanis guava production. Community participation, especially those involved in guava development activities, and utilization of livestock waste is very high. Likewise, support from community leaders and village and district level officials was very supportive. Also pioneered the formation of tourism Gondangmanis guava village. The Guava Gondangmanis Community Group and the Tourism Awareness Group (POKDARWIS) have been formed. The role of the Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry and the Regional Government of Bappeda in Jombang Regency is also very high, because during the preparation and coordination process, it always receives attention from the leadership of the Regional Government, as evidenced by the formation of leading tourism in Jombang.
Measurement of spring constants of various spring-mass systems by using smartphones: a teaching proposal
Authors: EROL Mustafa , Hocaoğlu Kadir , Kaya Şeyda
Published: April 2020

This study aims to develop a teaching proposal to measure spring constants of various spring-mass systems by means of the smartphones. Specifically, a single spring-mass system, a serial connected and a parallel connected spring systems are experi-mentally resolved, by using the ambient light sensor of the smartphones. The measurements are achieved by simply recording the light intensity, detected by the oscillating smartphone, as a function of time for the simple harmonic motion. Using the light intensity-time graphs, the average periods and eventually the spring constants are estimated and the outcomes are compared with the theoretical results. The overall outcomes of the work indicate some 3,3 % relative error for the serial connected springs and 10,8 % relative error for the parallel connected springs. The approach is important in the sense that the apparatus directly plots instantaneous momentum-time graphs and it creates an enjoyable and beneficial teaching atmosphere.
Evaluación e intervención en TDAH y TND: Un caso abordado en el contexto escolar
Authors:   Universitat Jaume I, Mateu Gollart Lucía , Sanahuja Ribés Aida
Published: April 2020

En el presente trabajo se recoge el proceso realizado ante las necesidades detectadas en un niño de 6 años que presenta trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad con un trastorno negativista desafiante comórbido. Desde el departamento psicopedagógico escolar se ha realizado el proceso de evaluación y diagnóstico del menor, además del asesoramiento al profesorado y la familia en la intervención. Todo ello se ha llevado a cabo de una manera multidimensional y multicontextual, ofreciendo así un papel activo en todo el proceso tanto de los docentes del centro como de la familia del menor. Se ha hecho acopio de técnicas cognitivo-conductuales como la alabanza, el principio de Premack y la economía de fichas para modificar la conducta del menor, a la par que se ha realizado un programa de entrenamiento emocional para favorecer un ajuste socioemocional adecuado. Los resultados indican que la implicación de los diferentes contextos contribuye a que la intervención se ajuste mejor a las necesidades del menor, confirmándose la eficacia de las técnicas empleadas para el tratamiento del TDAH y TND. A modo de conclusión se puede decir que la intervención ha sido adecuada para el menor, pero el tiempo de implementación se considera escaso
Bile pigment in small-bowel water content may reflect bowel habits: a retrospective analysis of a capsule endoscopy imaging series
Authors: Aoyama Taiki , Fukumoto Akira , Shigita Kenjiro , Asayama Naoki , Mukai Shinichi , Nagata Shinji
Published: April 2020

Background: Pigmented bile salts darken the small-bowel lumen and are present with bile acid, which is involved in the development of bowel habits. The small-bowel water content (SBWC) in the ileum could represent the colonic environment, but no studies have focused on this feature. However, measurement of crude SBWC can be challenging because of the technical difficulty of the endoscopic approach without preparation. Our aim was to evaluate optically active bile pigments in the SBWC of patients with abnormal bowel habits using capsule endoscopy (CE) to investigate the impact of bile acid on bowel habits. Methods: The study population included 37 constipated patients, 20 patients with diarrhea, and 77 patients with normal bowel habits who underwent CE between January 2015 and May 2018. Patients with secondary abnormal bowel habits were excluded. In addition to conventional imaging, we used flexible spectral imaging color enhancement (FICE) setting 1 imaging, in which the effects of bile pigments on color are suppressed. Intergroup color differences of SBWC in the ileum (ΔE) were evaluated from conventional and FICE setting 1 images. Color values were assessed using the CIE L*a*b* color space. Differences in SBWC lightness (black to white, range 0–100) were also evaluated. Results: The ΔE values from the comparison of conventional images between patients with constipation and with normal bowel habits and between patients with diarrhea and with normal bowel habits were 12.4 and 11.2, respectively. These values decreased to 4.4 and 3.3, respectively, when FICE setting 1 images were evaluated. Patients with constipation and diarrhea had significantly brighter (34.4 versus 27.6, P < .0001) and darker (19.6 versus 27.6, P < .0001) SBWC lightness, respectively, than patients with normal bowel habits. The FICE setting 1 images did not reveal significant differences in SBWC lightness between those with constipation and with normal bowel habits (44.1 versus 43.5, P = .83) or between those with diarrhea and with normal bowel habits (39.1 versus 43.5, P = .20). Conclusions : Differences in SBWC color and darkness in the ileum appear to be attributable to bile pigments. Therefore, bile pigments in SBWC may reflect bowel habits.
Prediction of late-onset fetal growth restriction using a combined first- and second-trimester screening model in South Chinese infants: a retrospective study
Authors: Zheng Haiqing , Feng Yan , Zhang Jiexin , Li Kuanrong , Liang Huiying , Mei Shanshan , Fang Dajun , He Qiuming , Xu Suting , Zhang Guanglan , Zhong Wei
Published: April 2020

Background: Prediction models for early and late fetal growth restriction (FGR) have been established in many high-income countries. However, prediction models for late FGR in China are limited. This study aimed to develop a simple combined first- and second-trimester prediction model for screening late-onset FGR in South Chinese infants. Methods: This retrospective study included 2258 women who had singleton pregnancies and received routine ultrasound scans as training dataset. A validation dataset including 565 pregnant women was used to evaluate the model in order to enable an unbiased estimation. Late-onset FGR was defined as a birth weight < the 10th percentile plus abnormal Doppler indices and/or a birth weight below the 3rd percentile after 32 weeks, regardless of the Doppler status. Multivariate logistic regression was used to develop a prediction model. The model included the a priori risk (maternal characteristics), the second-trimester head circumference (HC/AC) / abdomen circumference (HC) ratio and estimated fetal weight (EFW). Results: Ninety-three fetuses were identified as late-onset FGR. The significant predictors for late-onset FGR were maternal age, height, weight, and medical history; the second-trimester HC/ AC ratio; and the EFW. This model achieved a detection rate (DR) of 52.6% for late-onset FGR at a 10% false positive rate (FPR) (area under the curve (AUC): 0.80, 95%CI 0.76-0.85). The AUC of the validation dataset was 0.65 (95%CI 0.54-0.78). Conclusions: A multivariate model combining first- and second-trimester default tests can detect 52.6% of cases of late-onset FGR at a 10% FPR. Further studies with more screening markers are needed to improve the detection rate.
Using Pulse Oximetry Waveforms to Detect Coarctation of the Aorta
Authors: Sorensen Matthew , Sadiq Ismail , Clifford Gari D. , Maher Kevin O. , Oster Matthew E.
Published: April 2020

Background Coarctation of the aorta is a common form of critical congenital heart disease that remains challenging to diagnose prior to clinical deterioration. Despite current screening methods infants with coarctation may present with life threatening cardiogenic shock requiring urgent hospitalization and intervention. We sought to improve critical congenital heart disease screening by using a novel pulse oximetry waveform analysis, specifically focused on detection of coarctation of the aorta. Methods and Results Over a 2-year period, we obtained pulse oximetry waveform data on 18 neonates with coarctation of the aorta and 18 age-matched controls hospitalized in the cardiac intensive care unit at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta. Patients with coarctation were receiving Prostaglandin E1 and had a patent ductus arteriosus. By analyzing discrete features in the waveforms, we identified statistically significant differences in the maximum rate of fall between patients with and without coarctation. This was accentuated when comparing the difference between the upper and lower extremities, with the lower extremities having a shallow slope angle when a coarctation was present (p-value 0.001). Postoperatively, there were still differences in the maximum rate of fall between the repaired coarctation patients and controls; however, these differences normalized when compared with the same individual’s upper vs. lower extremities. Coarctation patients compared to themselves (preoperatively and postoperatively), demonstrated waveform differences between upper and lower extremities that were significantly reduced after successful surgery (p-value 0.028). This screening algorithm had an accuracy of detection of 72% with 0.61 sensitivity and 0.94 specificity. Conclusions We were able to identify specific features in pulse oximetry waveforms that were unique to patients with coarctation and further demonstrated that these changes normalized after surgical repair. Pulse oximetry screening for congenital heart disease in neonates may thus be improved by including waveform analysis, aiming to identify coarctation of the aorta prior to critical illness. Further large-scale testing is required to validate this screening model among patients in a newborn nursery setting who are low risk for having coarctation.
Mortality in free-ranging Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain “1998-2018”
Authors: Balseiro Ana , Royo Luis José , Gayo Elena , Balsera Ramón , Alarcia Olga , Marín Juan Francisco García
Published: April 2020

Background: This work summarizes the mortality cases of twenty-five free-ranging Eurasian wild brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) from the Cantabrian mountain range submitted for necropsy in Asturias and Castilla y León (northwestern Spain) from “1998 to 2018”. Results: Causes of death were classified both based on (i) infectious or non infectious etiology and (ii) caused by “human intervention” or “natural causes”. In four cases (16%) it was not possible to determine the cause of death due to the inadequate preservation of collected specimens or insufficient tissue availability. Some bears died from a combination of human activities or natural trauma and secondary bacterial infection (i.e. clostridiosis). Based on infectious or non infectious etiology nine out of the 21 (42.9%) brown bears in which the cause of death could be determined died due to infectious diseases, namely gangrenous myositis, infectious canine hepatitis or septicemia. The remaining twelve (57.1%) animals died due to non infectious causes, which included handling, traumatic lesions such as shooting, snare, fighting or infanticide, strychnine poisoning, mushroom poisoning or neoplasia. Exertional myopathy was additionally observed in the handled animal and in one bear found in a snare. Mortality data was also stratified by deaths caused by “human intervention” or “natural causes”. Seven out of the 21 (33.3%) brown bears died as a consequence of “human intervention” due to illegal hunting (shooting or snare), handling or strychnine poisoning. In contrast, fourteen (66.7%) brown bears died by “natural causes” due to traumatic lesions (fights, traumas, or infanticide), infectious canine hepatitis, neoplasia or mushroom poisoning. In four cases traumatic lesions were complicated with clostridiosis which finally caused the death of those animals. Two additional bears showed septicemia and gangrenous myositis secondary to fighting. Another two animals developed exertional myopathy.Conclusions: In a non-hunted population of Eurasian brown bear from the Cantabrian mountain range, main cause of death is attributed to “natural causes” mostly due to traumatic lesions and infectious diseases (primary or secondary developed) which is in contrast to previously reported data for other bear populations. These data are valuable and may help in the conservation and management of this recovering population.
ADAR expression and copy number variation in patients with advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Behroozi Javad , Shahbazi Shirin , Bakhtiarizadeh Mohammad Reza , Mahmoodzadeh Habibollah
Published: April 2020

Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a world health problem and it is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The current practice for prognosis assessment in GC is based on radiological and pathological criteria and they may not result in an accurate prognosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate expression and copy number variation of the ADAR gene in advanced GC and clarify its correlation with survival and histopathological characteristics. Methods Forty two patients with stage III and IV GC were included in this study. ADAR gene expression and copy number variation were measured by real-time PCR and Quantitative multiplex ﬂuorescent-PCR, respectively. Survival analysis performed based on the Kaplan–Meier method and Mantel–Cox test. Results ADAR mRNA was significantly overexpressed in the tumor tissues when compared to the adjacent normal tissues (p <0.01). Also, ADAR expression level in stage IV was higher than stage III. 40% of patients showed amplification in ADAR gene and there was a positive correlation between ADAR copy number and expression. Increased ADAR expression was clearly correlated with poorer survival outcomes and Mantel–Cox test showed statistically significant differences between low and high expression groups (p <0.0001). ADAR overexpression and amplification were significantly associated with metastasis, size and stage of tumor. Conclusions Together, our data indicate that amplification leads to over expression of ADAR and it could be used as a prognostic biomarker for disease progression, especially for the metastatic process in GC.
Health-related quality of life and associated factors in patients with myocardial infarction after returning to work: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Changying , Du Ruofei , Wang Panpan , Wang Tao , Ma Lixia , Larcher Leon
Published: April 2020

Background: Return to work following myocardial infarction (MI) represents an important indicator of recovery. However, MI can cause patients to feel pressure, loneliness and inferiority during work and even detachment from employment after returning to work, which may affect their quality of life. The aims of this study were to identify the influencing factors of Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with MI after returning to work and explore the correlations between these factors and HRQoL. Method: This was a cross-sectional study. All participants were recruited from tertiary hospitals in China from October 2017 to March 2018. The general data questionnaire, Short-Form Health Survey-8 (SF-8), Health Promoting Lifestyle ProfileⅡ (HPLPⅡ), Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ) and Social Supporting Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to assess 326 patients with myocardial infarction returned to work after discharge. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore factors related to HRQoL in patients with MI after returning to work. Results: The sample consisted of 326 patients. The mean total score of quality of life was 28.03±2.554. According to the multiple linear regression analysis, next factors were associated with better HRQoL: younger age (B=−0.354, P=0.039), higher income (B=0.513, P=0.000), less co-morbidity (B=−0.440, P=0.000), the longer time taken to return to work (B=0.235, P=0.003), fewer stents installed (B=−0.359, P=0.003), participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) (B=−1.777, P=0.000), complete CR (B=−1.409, P=0.000), better health behaviors such as more health responsibility (B=0.172, P=0.000) and exercise (B=0.165, P=0.000), better nutrition (B=0.178, P=0.000) and self-realization (B=0.165, P=0.000), stress response (B=0.172, P=0.000), more social support such as more objective support (B=0.175, P=0.000), subjective support (B=0.167, P=0.000) and better utilization of social support (B=0.189, P=0.028), positive copping strategies such as more coping (B=0.133, P=0.000) and less yield (B=−0.165, P=0.000). Conclusions: HRQoL of MI patients after returning to work is not satisfactory. Health behavior, coping strategies, social support are factors which can affect HRQoL. A comprehensive and targeted guide may be a way to improve HRQoL and to assist patients' successful return to society.
Whole-genome mate-pair sequencing of apparently balanced chromosome rearrangements reveals complex structural variations: two case studies
Authors: Tan Ya-Qi , Tan Yue-Qiu , Cheng De-Hua
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Apparently balanced chromosome rearrangements (ABCRs) in non-affected individuals are well-known to possess high reproductive risks such as infertility, abnormal offspring, and pregnancy loss. However, caution should be exercised in genetic counseling and reproductive intervention because cryptic unbalanced defects and genome structural variations beyond the resolution of routine cytogenetics may not be detected. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we studied two familial cases of ABCRs were recruited in this study. In family 1, the couple suffered two abortions pregnancies and underwent labor induction. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis of the aborted sample from the second pregnancy revealed a 10.8 Mb heterozygous deletion at 10q26.13q26.3 and a 5.5 Mb duplication at 19q13.41-q13.43. The non-affected father was identified as a carrier of three-way complex chromosomal rearrangement [t(6;10;19)(p22;q26;q13)] by karyotyping. Whole-genome mate-pair sequencing revealed a cryptic breakpoint on the derivative chromosome 19 (der19), indicating that the karyotype was a more complex structural rearrangement comprising four breakpoints. Three genes, FAM24B, CACNG8, and KIAA0556, were disrupted without causing any abnormal phenotype in the carrier. In family 2, the couple suffered from a spontaneous miscarriage. This family had an affected child with multiple congenital deformities and an unbalanced karyotype, 46,XY,der(11)t(6;11)(q13;p11.2). The female partner was identified as a balanced translocation carrier with the karyotype 46,XX,t(6;11)(q13;p11.2)dn. Further SNP array and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) indicated a cryptic insertion between chromosome 6 and chromosome 11. Finally, whole-genome mate-pair sequencing revealed an extremely complex genomic structural variation, including a cryptic deletion and 12 breakpoints on chromosome 11, and 1 breakpoint on chromosome 6 .CONCLUSIONS: Our study investigated two rare cases of ABCRs and demonstrated the efficacy of whole-genome mate-pair sequencing in analyzing the genome complex structural variation. In case of ABCRs detected by conventional cytogenetic techniques, whole genome sequencing (WGS) based approaches should be considered for accurate diagnosis, effective genetic counseling, and correct reproductive intervention to avoid recurrence risks.
Altered Gut Microbiota in Infants is Associated with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease Severity
Authors: Harding Jeffrey , Siefker David , Vu Luan , You Dahui , Devincenzo John , Pierre Joseph , Cormier Stephania A
Published: April 2020

Background :Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the number one cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants. There are still no vaccines or specific antiviral therapies against RSV, mainly due to the inadequate understanding of RSV pathogenesis. Recent data suggest a role for gut microbiota community structure in determining RSV disease severity. Our objective was to determine the gut microbial profile associated with severe RSV patients, which could be used to help identify at-risk patients and develop therapeutically protective microbial assemblages that may stimulate immuno-protection. Results : We enrolled 95 infants from Le Bonheur during the 2012 to 2015 RSV season. Of these, 37 were well-babies and 58 were hospitalized with RSV. Of the RSV infected babies, 53 remained in the pediatric ward (moderate) and 5 were moved to the pediatric intensive care unit at a later date (severe). Stool samples were collected within 72 hours of admission; and the composition of gut microbiota was evaluated via 16S sequencing of fecal DNA. There was a significant enrichment in S24_7, Clostridiales, Odoribacteraceae, Lactobacillaceae, and Actinomyces in RSV (moderate and severe) vs. controls. Patients with severe RSV disease had slightly lower alpha diversity (richness and evenness of the bacterial community) of the gut microbiota compared to patients with moderate RSV and healthy controls. Beta diversity (overall microbial composition) was significantly different between all RSV patients (moderate and severe) compared to controls and had significant microbial composition separating all three groups (control, moderate RSV, and severe RSV). Conclusions : Collectively, these data demonstrate that a unique gut microbial profile is associated with RSV disease and with severe RSV disease with admission to the pediatric intensive care unit. More mechanistic experiments are needed to determine whether the differences observed in gut microbiota are the cause or consequences of severe RSV disease.
Incremental Prognostic Value of Echocardiography of Left Ventricular Remodeling and Diastolic Function in STICH Trial
Authors: Kim Kyung-Hee , She Lilin , Dabrowski Rafal , Grayburn Paul A. , Rajda Miroslaw , Prior David L. , Desvigne-Nickens Patrice , Zoghbi William A. , Senni Michele , Stefanelli Guglielmo , Beghi Cesare , Huynh Thao , Velazquez Eric J. , Oh Jae K. , Lin Grace
Published: April 2020

Aims: We sought to determine which echocardiographic markers of left ventricular (LV) remodeling and diastolic dysfunction can contribute as incremental and independent prognostic information in addition to current clinical risk markers of ischemic LV systolic dysfunction in the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial.Methods and Results: The cohort consisted of 1511 of 2136 patients in STICH for whom baseline transmitral Doppler (E/A ratio) could be measured by an echocardiographic core laboratory blinded to treatment and outcomes, and prognostic value of echocardiographic variables was determined by a Cox regression model. E/A ratio was the most significant predictor of mortality amongst diastolic variables with lowest mortality for E/A closest 0.8, although mortality was consistently low for E/A 0.6 to 1.0. Mortality increased for E/A <0.6 and > 1.0 up to approximately 2.3, beyond which there was no further increase in risk. Larger LV end-systolic volume index (LVESVI) and E/A <0.6 and >1.0 had incremental negative effects on mortality when added to a clinical multivariable model, where creatinine, LVESVI, age, and E/A ratio accounted for 74% of the prognostic information for predicting risk. LVESVI and E/A ratio were stronger predictors of prognosis than New York Heart Association functional class, anemia, diabetes, history of atrial fibrillation, and stroke.Conclusions: Echocardiographic markers of advanced LV remodeling and diastolic dysfunction added incremental prognostic value to current clinical risk markers. LVESVI and E/A ratio outperformed other markers and should be considered as standard in assessing risks in ischemic heart failure. E/A closest to 0.8 was the most optimal filling pattern.
Formaldehyde formation in the glycine cleavage system and its use for an aldolase-based biosynthesis of 1,3-prodanediol
Authors: Xu Yingying , Meng Hao , Ren Jie , Zeng An-Ping
Published: April 2020

Glycine cleavage system (GCS) occupies a key position in one-carbon (C1) metabolic pathway and receives great attention for the use of C1 carbons like formate and CO2 via synthetic biology. In this work, we demonstrate that formaldehyde exists as a substantial byproduct of the GCS reaction cycle. Three causes are identified for its formation. First, the principal one is the decomposition of N5,N10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate (5,10-CH2-THF) to form formaldehyde and THF. Increasing the rate of glycine cleavage promotes the formation of 5,10-CH2-THF, thereby increasing the formaldehyde release rate. Next, formaldehyde can be produced in the GCS even in the absence of THF. The reason is that T-protein of the GCS can degrade methylamine-loaded H-protein (Hint) to formaldehyde and ammonia, accompanied with the formation of dihydrolipoyl H-protein (Hred), but the reaction rate is less than 0.16% of that in the presence of THF. Increasing T-protein concentration can speed up the release rate of formaldehyde by Hint. Finally, a certain amount of formaldehyde can be formed in the GCS due to oxidative degradation of THF. Based on a formaldehyde-dependent aldolase, we elaborated a glycine-based one carbon metabolic pathway for the biosynthesis of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) in vitro. This work provides quantitative data and mechanistic understanding of formaldehyde formation in the GCS and a new biosynthetic pathway of 1,3-PDO.
IgG4-related aortitis/periaortitis and periarteritis: a distinct spectrum of IgG4-related disease
Authors: Peng Linyi , Zhang Panpan , Li Jieqiong , Liu Zheng , Lu Hui , Zhu Liang , Wang Xiaorong , Teng Fei , Li Xuemei , Guo Huifang , Fei Yunyun , Zhang Wen , Zhao Yan , Zeng Xiaofeng , Zhang Fengchun
Published: April 2020

Background: Large vessels could be involved in immunoglobulin (Ig)-G4-related disease (IgG4-RD). This study aimed to clarify the clinical features and evaluate the treatment efficacy for IgG4-RD with aortitis/periaortitis and periarteritis (PAO/PA).Methods: This study prospectively enrolled 587 patients with IgG4-RD with a follow-up time of more than 6 months. The distribution of IgG4-related PAO/PA was classified into four types: type 1, thoracic aorta; type 2a, abdominal aorta; type 2b, abdominal aorta and iliac artery; type 2c, iliac artery; type 3, thoracic and abdominal aorta; type 4, other arteries. Patient’s demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, and treatment efficacy were analyzed.Results: Of 587 IgG4-RD patients, 89 (15.2%) had PAO/PA. The average age was 58.3±11.1 years, with male predominance (85.4%). Vessels affected were as follows: abdominal aorta (83.1%), iliac artery (70.8%), thoracic aorta (13.5%), and other vessels (13.5%). The most prevalent distribution type of IgG4-related PAO/PA was type 2b, with 74 (83.1%) patients, followed by type 2a, type 2c, type 3, and type 1. Fifty-five (61.8%) PAO/PA patients had hydronephrosis, with renal insufficiency occurring in 43 (48.3%), and 31 (34.8%) PAO/PA patients had D-J stent drainage due to severe ureteral obstruction. After treatment with a glucocorticoid and immunosuppressants, 82% patients achieved remission with shrinking of the perivascular mass by more than 30%.Conclusions: IgG4-RD with PAO/PA was distinct from non-PAO/PA in demographic features, organ involvement distribution, inflammatory markers, and serum IgG4 and IgE. The most common affected vessel was the abdominal aorta, and most patients responded well with treatment.
High expression of Wnt7a protein predicts a poor survival in patients with colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Li Congcong , Cui Peilin , Dou Xiaowei , Li Hongli , Sun Jiahuan , Xie Min
Published: April 2020

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China, and the number of new cases and the number of cases of deaths has increased annually. However, its pathogenesis is still unclear. Wnt7a is a member of the wingless-type MMTV integration site family, and it plays an important role in tumorigenesis and development by controlling cell proliferation and differentiation as a secreted glycoprotein. Whether Wnt7a has the properties of an oncogene or not is an important focus for future research as this target has diverse roles in different tumors.Methods: Wnt7a protein expression in normal colorectal mucosa and colorectal tumors was detected via immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore the associations between Wnt7a staining score and various clinical parameters.Results: Wnt7a was strongly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues but weakly expressed in adjacent normal mucosa and colorectal adenomas. The level of Wnt7a expression was correlated with lymph node involvement (P < 0.001), Duke stage (P < 0.001), and cell differentiation (P < 0.001). Knockdown of Wnt7a inhibits proliferation of colon cancer cells and inhibits the ability of both colon cancer cell lines to migrate.Conclusions: Collectively, our results present evidence that Wnt7a is associated with an unfavorable prognosis of colorectal cancer.
Hemiarthroplasty for the Management of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients over 75 years old: a retrospective matched comparative study
Authors: Ge Juncheng , Ma Jinhui , Wang Bailiang , Zhou Yu , Yue Debo , Sun Wei , Guo Wanshou , Wang Weiguo , Zhang Qidong
Published: April 2020

Background

To compare and analyze the therapeutic effect of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation and hemiarthroplasty on intertrochanteric fracture.
Methods

45 patients with intertrochanteric fractures (17 males and 28 females) admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to January 2018 were collected. The mean age was 84.82 ± 0.73 years. All injuries were caused by falls during daily activities. Patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical method: the first group was the hemiarthroplasty group, referred to as the hemiarthroplasty group, with a total of 22 patients, and the average length of hospital stay was 13.09 ± 5.03 days. According to the improved Evans-Jensen classification [5], there were 1 cases of III, 9 cases of IV, and 12 cases of V12.The second group was the Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation group, and the average length of hospital stay was 13.09 ± 6.97 days. According to the Evans-Jensen classification, 1 patient was III, 16 patients were IV, and 6 patients were V.
Results

Intraoperative blood loss was higher in the The Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation group than in the hemiarthroplasty group(P=0.034).In the postoperative recovery of the two groups, the time from operation to partial weight-bearing of the hemiarthroplasty group was shorter than that of the PFNA group༈p༝0.000༉, and the postoperative HHS of the hemiarthroplasty group was also better than the latter (p ༝0.0005). In terms of total cost during hospitalization, the Hemiarthroplasty group was less than the PFN group(p ༝ 0.017). One year after surgery, the mortality rate increased to 34% in the PNFA group and 9% in the hemiarthroplasty group( P = 0.038), which was statistically significant.
Conclusion

Hemiarthroplasty for intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly can reduce intraoperative blood loss, achieve early recovery, improve survival rates, and reduce the economic burden on patients