bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disentangling accelerated cognitive decline from the normal aging process and unraveling its genetic components: A neuroimaging-based deep learning approach
Authors: Dai Yulin , Hsu Yu-Chun , Fernandes Brisa S. , Zhang Kai , Li Xiaoyang , Enduru Nitesh , Liu Andi , Manuel Astrid M , Jiang Xiaoqian , Zhao Zhongming
Published: September 2023

Background
The progressive cognitive decline that is an integral component of AD unfolds in tandem with the natural aging process. Neuroimaging features have demonstrated the capacity to distinguish cognitive decline changes stemming from typical brain aging and Alzheimer’s disease between different chronological points.
Methods
We developed a deep-learning framework based on dual-loss Siamese ResNet network to extract fine-grained information from the longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) study. We then conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and post-GWAS analyses to reveal the genetic basis of AD-related accelerated cognitive decline.
Results
We used our model to process data from 1,313 individuals, training it on 414 cognitively normal people and predicting cognitive assessment for all participants. In our analysis of accelerated cognitive decline GWAS, we identified two genome-wide significant loci: APOE locus (chromosome 19 p13.32) and rs144614292 (chromosome 11 p15.1). Variant rs144614292 (G>T) has not been reported in previous AD GWA studies. It is within the intronic region of NELL1, which is expressed in neuron and plays a role in controlling cell growth and differentiation. In addition, MUC7 and PROL1/OPRPNon chromosome 4 were significant at the gene level. The cell-type-specific enrichment analysis and functional enrichment of GWAS signals highlighted the microglia and immune-response pathways. Furthermore, we found that the cognitive decline slope GWAS was positively correlated with previous AD GWAS.
Conclusion
Our deep learning model was demonstrated effective on extracting relevant neuroimaging features and predicting individual cognitive decline. We reported a novel variant (rs144614292) within the NELL1 gene. Our approach has the potential to disentangle accelerated cognitive decline from the normal aging process and to determine its related genetic factors, leveraging opportunities for early intervention.
Vibration-enabled mobility of liquid metal
Authors: Handschuh-Wang Stephan , Gan Tiansheng , Wang Tao , He Bin , Han Peigang , Stadler Florian , Zhou Xuechang
Published: September 2023

Directed liquid metal (gallium-based) manipulation and actuation are paramount for copious applications, including soft robotics, soft electronics, and targeted drug delivery. Although there are several strategies available to achieve mobility of liquid metals in a “wet” environment. Strategies to achieve and improve mobility of liquid metal droplets and puddles in a “dry” environment have been scarce and rely on metallophobic surface design or liquid metal marbles. Here, we discover high mobility of Galinstan achieved by combining metallophobic surface design and vertical vibrations. Vibration frequencies between 20 and 30 Hz were conducive to droplet movement and threshold inclination angles of 0.5 to 1° were observed upon actuation by the vibrations. The method itself is applicable for a wide range of droplet sizes (30 and 2000 µL) and very robust. The droplet movement typically comprises of periodic receding and advancing of the droplet and commences via a rolling mechanism rather than a gliding mechanism. Finally, we show that small (0.5 mm height) obstacles can be traversed by this method, indicating that it can be used in concert with other strategies, such as surface structuring strategies, which open up pathways for mobility and controlled actuation of liquid metal droplets in air.
Weighted generalized core-EP inverse in a Banach algebra with involution
Authors: Chen Huanyin , Sheibani Marjan
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we introduce the notion of weighted generalized core-EP inverse in a Banach *-algebra. Some properties of weighted core-EP inverse for rectangular complex matrices and bounded linear Hilbert space operators are generalized and some new ones are established. Properties of weighted generalized core-EP orders are presented for all weighted g-Drazin invertible elements in a Banach *-algebra.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. 46H05, 15A09, 16U99
Conditional Interval Estimation for the ParetoDistribution Based on Generalized Order Statistics
Authors: Maswadah M.
Published: September 2023

This paper is concerned with the problem of obtaining the conditional confidence intervals for the parameters of the Pareto distribution based on generalized order statistics. The properties of the derived intervals, such as the coverage rates, the covering symmetry, and the mean length of intervals, have been evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation for different values of the shape parameter. Finally, a numerical example illustrates the inferential method developed in this paper.
Handlungsstrategien für heterogene Klassen. Qualitätssicherung von OER für die Lehrkräftebildung
Authors: Rau Franco , Mudder Lisa , Schröder Lea , Schorer Susanne , Vierbuchen Marie-Christine , Hillenbrand Clemens
Published: September 2023

Der ersten Phase der Lehrkräftebildung kommt der Auftrag zu, für eine grundlegende Orientierung in einem inklusiven Bildungssystem wissenschaftlich fundierte Kenntnisse für alle Lehramtsstudiengänge bereitzustellen. Am Beispiel des Projekts „Handlungsstrategien für heterogene Klassen - OER für die Lehrkräftebildung“ zeigt der Beitrag auf, wie die Entwicklung und Qualitätssicherung von Open Educational Resources (OER) zur Qualifizierung für inklusive Bildung erfolgen kann. Auf Basis von Projekterfahrungen wird skizziert, wie (1.) OER für angehende Lehrkräfte zur Gestaltung und Reflexion inklusiven Unterrichts entwickelt, (2.) von Hochschullehrenden und Studierenden erprobt und (3.) die Qualität der entstandenen Materialien geprüft und weiterentwickelt werden konnte. Die entwickelten Materialien wurden über unterschiedliche methodische Zugänge („Thinking Aloud“-Methode, Gruppendiskussion mit Dozierenden, Pilotierung quantitativer Studierendenbefragung) erprobt. Der Beitrag stellt konzentriert die Ergebnisse qualitativer Forschungszugänge dar. Daraus lassen sich Erkenntnisse auf unterschiedlichen hochschuldidaktischen Handlungsebenen für die Potentiale von OER zur Qualifizierung von Lehrkräften für inklusive Bildung ableiten.
 
Abstract
Teacher education has the task of providing scientifically grounded knowledge for basic orientation for an inclusive education system for all teacher training programs. Using the example of the project "Action Strategies for Heterogeneous Classes - OER for Teacher Education", the article shows how the development and quality assurance of Open Educational Resources (OER) for the qualification for inclusive education can take place. Based on project experiences, it outlines (1.) how OER could be developed for prospective teachers to design and reflect on inclusive education, (2.) tested by university teachers and students, and (3.) how the quality of the resulting materials could be evaluated and further developed. The developed materials are evaluated with three methodological approaches (“Thinking Aloud”-method, group discussion with lecturers). The paper presents the results of qualitative research approaches. From this, insights on different levels of higher education didactic action for the potentials of OER for the qualification of teachers for inclusive education can be derived.
9,10‐Phenanthrenequinone Photoautocatalyzes its Formation from Phenanthrene, and Inhibits Biodegradation of Naphthalene
Authors: Holt Jonathan , Hothem Seth , Howerton Heidi , Larson Richard , Sanford Robert
Published: September 2023

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have earned considerable attention due to their widespread environmental distribution and toxicity. In the environment, PAHs decompose by a variety of biotic and abiotic pathways. In both polar and nonpolar environments, phenanthrene (Phe, a common, three‐ring PAH) is converted by sunlight to more polar products such as 9,10‐phenanthrenequinone (PheQ) and subsequent oxidation products such as the corresponding open‐ring dicarboxylic acid product. Biodegradation of phenanthrene also usually leads to oxidative metabolites, and eventually ends in mineralization. Our experimental objective was to investigate the photodegradation of phenanthrene and determine the effect of reaction products such as PheQ on microbial biodegradation of two‐ and three‐ring PAHs. Abiotic experiments were performed to examine the photolytic breakdown of Phe; Phe was converted to PheQ, which catalyzed its own formation. In biodegradation experiments PheQ (0.04–4 mg/L) caused marked inhibition of naphthalene (Nap) biodegradation by a Burkholderia species; Phe did not. Only 20% of the naphthalene was degraded in the presence of PheQ compared with 75% in the control culture with no PheQ added. No PAH‐degrading cultures were able to use PheQ as sole carbon source; however, the Phe‐degrading enrichment culture dominated by a Sphingomonas species was able to degrade PheQ cometabolically in the presence of Phe. These results may explain why photooxidized phenanthrene‐containing mixtures can resist biodegradation.
ADDRESSING TRUTH VALUES IN WRITTEN CORPORA – A B&H CASE STUDY
Authors: Babić Željka Lj.
Published: September 2023

This paper approaches the notion of truth( fulness) within the written media discourse, namely the three B&H daily newspapers. Aimed at researching computeraccessible online articles published in the chosen three time frames, the paper focuses on narratives containing the keyphrase “Alan Šeranić” and the representation of the notions of values of trust and confidence found in extracts which contain both the chosen keyphrase and examples of news values. The results show that the attitude towards the researched keyphrase changes both in accordance with the time frames of its use and in accordance with the geographical area of the publication source.
FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING IN A DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT: TEACHERS' ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS
Authors: Vidosavljević Milena M.
Published: September 2023

Taking into account that traditional foreign language teaching is being moved to a virtual environment, the obligations of teachers are changing constantly. Their main tasks are to accept new technologies and develop their digital literacy. However, whether teachers will apply ICT in teaching practice depends on their personal and pedagogical attitudes and beliefs. When teachers’ attitudes and beliefs are positive, new technologies become one of their important teaching materials. The opposite of this, with negative attitudes and beliefs about applying ICT in teaching, teachers reject them and do not enable students to acquire new skills and knowledge in a virtual environment. In that sense, we wanted to examine the foreign language teachers’ attitudes about the use of ICT digital tools in Serbia. The results are obtained by the inferential analysis which is used to confirm or refute hypothesis about the possible conditioning of the identified factors. The results showed that positive attitudes of teachers have a positive effect on learning in a digital environment, but also that positive attitudes increase significantly with their education for the use of ICT. Finally, it was shown that teachers employed at the university have more negative attitudes about the advantages of language learning in a digital environment, in contrast to teachers employed in primary and secondary schools and in foreign language schools. In support of this, it is observed that training in this field is also necessary for teachers who work at faculties in order to increase awareness of the value of new technologies in the teaching process.
PHRASEOLOGISMS IN THE NOVEL MEDEA. VOICES BY CHRISTA WOLF – ORIGINAL AND TRANSLATION. A CONTRIBUTION TO DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN CONSTRUCTIVE PHRASEOLOGY AND TRANSLATOLOGY
Authors: Petronijević Božinka
Published: September 2023

There are relatively few phraselogisms in the novel Medea. Voices by Christa Wolf. They appear mainly as lexicalised verbal phrases, possibly with a verb synonym as a hyperonym; in addition, there are also occasional, non-lexicalised phrase-formatives to find. Their number and structure changes in translations from German into ʻBosnianʼ or the Serbian language; in Medeja. Glasovi, translated by Vahidin Preljević, lexicalised verbal phrases prevail, some of them absolutely equivalent to the lexical units (LU) in the original text, others only partially. In the second, Serbian text, under the same name – Medeja. Glasovi, translated into Serbian by Mirjana Milošević-Wittmann, the number of phraseologisms decreases; instead of verbal phrases as formatives, the author uses verbs which are only partially equivalent to the units in the original text. Compared to V. Preljević’s LU-phrasemes, these are partially synonymous. As a result, the text loses some of its creativity and expressivity.
THE POSITION AND ROLE OF LISTENING SKILLS IN ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES: BUSINESS STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES
Authors: Kulić Danijela G. , Kažanegra Veličković Ana Ž.
Published: September 2023

This paper deals with the role of listening skills in the process of learning English as a foreign language, developing language competences and improving the level of English knowledge for the needs of successful young people in a modern business environment. The broader thematic framework of this research is the development of integrated language skills in teaching English for specific purposes to business students of higher vocational schools in Serbia. In order to determine the role of listening skills in teaching, the following is examined: listening comprehension of professional, complex and long texts; the presence of the teacher as a source of auditory text; student motivation; the role of implicit extracurricular listening skills; the importance of using audio-visual content and exposure to authentic language material in the acquisition of the English language. The theoretical postulates were verified by the research results based on the questionnaire answered by the respondents – business students at the Belgrade Business and Arts Academy for Applied Studies. The results were quantitatively processed using the statistical method, and interpreted and analysed in relation to the theoretical concept presented in the work. Insights gained were used to draw conclusions and to further design and improve the research and teaching contents.
SOME ASPECTS OF IMPROVING ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEXTBOOKS FOR GEOLOGISTS AT THE UNIVERSITY LEVEL: CLIL VS. ESP
Authors: Beko Lidija V. , Mićović Dragoslava N.
Published: September 2023

Bearing in mind the enormous importance teaching materials have in the language classroom, the paper deals with the analysis of modern approaches to creating foreign language textbooks at the university level. Considering the influence of the English language as a world language in which almost all the latest research and achievements in the field of technical sciences and geology are published, this textbook example is thus based on English as the common language of the largest number of speakers. We believe, however, that it can be further translated into other languages, thus providing students with the opportunity to study the same material in two or more languages, with more success and less cognitive load. Also, it is of great importance that language textbooks go through such academic and practical adjustments that will replace the essential shortcomings of traditional teaching with useful and applicable educational models. Following such goals, the paper tries to: 1) present the importance of developing teaching materials through the principles of visual values, authenticity and scaffolding; 2) clarify and shed light on the essential shortcomings of traditional teaching materials by comparing ESP and CLIL methods, and 3) present practical suggestions for practicing and acquiring the language through three activities adapted to the stated principles.
CULTURAL PREPONDERANCE OR SEMANTIC DUE DILIGENCE: TWO SIDES OF THE SAME COIN WITH A CONCEPTUAL TWIST
Authors: Milinović Dejan M. , Muhić Emir Z. , Kesić Dalibor
Published: September 2023

Just as every culture is autonomous in the creation of its social values, it is likewise self-governing in the creation of customs and beliefs that define it. Some of those self-defining creeds are strongly entrenched in the use of language and communication. When an American executive places his/her feet on the desk, the message of authority and relaxation that is being sent is readily understood, while the same gesture in an Arabic country would have a totally different implication, one of disdain and insult. Such implications can be culture specific or culture ubiquitous. To better illustrate the dichotomy, it would be useful to recall Grice’s views on the efficiency of communication as being dependent on adherence to four maxims. In his portentous article ‘Logic and Conversation’ (1975), he shows that prudence and intellect empower human kind in an obliging way to successfully generate and construe messages that are sent via conversational implicatures. This paper aims to explore the fine line that balances these two facets within the realm culture and translation.
TRANSLATING THE ZEITGEIST: ZEROCALCARE’S GRAPHIC NOVELS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Pravuljac Anja Đ.
Published: September 2023

This paper investigates the problem of transferring cultural elements in literary translation. The issue is primarily examined on examples of the Bosnian translation of references from popular culture in the graphic novels of the Italian comic book author Zerocalcare. Two groups of cultural expressions were analysed: national cultural expressions, related to the Italian cultural environment, and generational cultural expressions, related to members of a certain age, not a territory. Given that the author, in his autobiographical narrative approach, makes extensive use of references from popular culture, which evoke in the reader a sense of collective belonging to the same community, the translation analysis aims to examine the strategies used in the translations of Zerocalcare's graphic novels in Bosnia and Herzegovina to show the importance of transferring the same ʻspirit of the ageʼ that prevails in the author's original poetics to the target language.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE LITERARY HEROINE CELIE FROM A VICTIM TO A SELF-AWARE INDIVIDUAL IN THE NOVEL THE COLOR PURPLE
Authors: Todorović Milan D. , Pavlović Jovanović Jelena M.
Published: September 2023

In this paper we focused on the transformation of the main character in the novel The Color Purple, Celie, through the letters she writes to God and her sister Nettie. We contrastively analysed the original text and its Serbian translation. In this paper we followed Celie’s path from an insecure and molested girl, to a confident and emancipated individual which can be observed in the development of her language and writing style. There are three types of letters within the novel: (a) letters written to God; (b) letters which introduce her transformation; (c) letters written to Celie’s sister Nettie. The insecurity of the protagonist is mirrored in her language which is a stylised version of African American English. The Serbian translation employed linguistic features that don’t belong to any particular dialect, but rather represent an approximation of the way undereducated people would speak. The beginning of the novel is characterised by short sentences, repetitive lexicon and the use of the prolonged underscore ______. In the second half of the novel the sentences become longer and the vocabulary richer. Going through the transformation from a victim of dire circumstances to a self-aware individual that accepts herself and her language, Celie represents a character of the Afro-American woman in specific historical circumstances. In addition to Celie, the transformation can be seen in other side characters, especially on the level of onomastics.
ON POSTHUMOUSLY PUBLISHED FRAGMENTS OF THE THIRD VOLUME OF THE BOOK ENTITLED ROBSTVO U SLOBODI ILI OGLEDALO PRAVDE U BOSNI (SLAVERY IN FREEDOM OR MIRROR OF JUSTICE IN BOSNIA) BY GAVRO VUČKOVIĆ KRAJIŠNIK
Authors: Jelić Danijela
Published: September 2023

This paper focuses on fragments of a 3rd volume book entitled Robstvo u slobodi ili ogledalo pravde u Bosni (Slavery in Freedom or Mirror of Justice in Bosnia, 1910) by Gavro Vučković Krajišnik, a writer and a cultural actor who lived in Bosnia and Herzegovina, whose active years encompassed the middle of the 19th century. This research task consists of an analysis and critical evaluation of the aesthetic and stylistic range of the aforementioned texts within the context of Vučković’s oeuvre. Results reveal that the text in question corresponds at the designated levels with the 2nd volume of the same book, published in 1872, which precedes it in terms of chronology and in which the author reaches an artistic and aesthetic pinnacle.
NEW ERA WRITERS AND SPIRITUAL LEADERS
Authors: Алексић Милица М.
Published: September 2023

Приказ
POLYSEMIC LEXIC IN THE SERBIAN LANGUAGE: VERBS, NOUNS, AND ADJECTIVES
Authors: Кецман Милош М.
Published: September 2023

Приказ
SIGNS OF RESISTANCE: LITERATURE AS A DEFENDER AND CORRECTIVE OF LIBERAL THOUGHT
Authors: Рељић Јелена Г.
Published: September 2023

Приказ
Delphi Survey of Items for the Test of Stuttering Screening in Children (TSSC)
Authors: Varghese Aiswarya Liz , Balasubramanium Radish Kumar , Bajaj Gagan , Karuppali Sudhin , Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

Stuttering is a fluency disorder that mostly begins in childhood and affects many people in our societies. No standardized screening tools are available to check for stuttering in the Indian school-going population. Thus, the study aimed at developing a screening tool to identify children who stutter among the school-going population using a Delphi-based approach.

Methods:

This study was carried out in four phases. During the first phase, five Speech Language Pathologists (SLPs) were asked about the need for screening and the nature & attributes of a stuttering screening test for school-going children. The second phase involved constructing appropriate stimuli for the screening tool based on expert opinion, relevant literature and students’ academic textbooks. The third phase involved content validation of the speech elicitation stimuli by four teachers, five SLPs and an English Lecturer teaching in a university. The fourth phase encompassed the development of differential diagnosis criteria for stuttering identification in children using a rank analysis of the expert opinions.

Results:

A stuttering screening stimuli comprising age, language and culture-specific reading, picture description and narration tasks for 1st to 10th-standard students was developed. The contents of the tool obtained satisfactory consensus of agreement among the panel of experts. Further, the tool outlined five critical diagnostic criteria which could differentially diagnose school-going children with stuttering from typically speaking counterparts using the developed material.

Conclusion:

The developed screening tool could help practicing clinicians quickly identify stuttering in school-going populations. This would enable early identification and build up the statistical data to estimate the prevalence of stuttering among the school-going population. Further studies examining the psychometric properties of the developed test are in progress.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Patient with Liver Cirrhosis: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Hu Yangyang , Hu Shaoxian
Published: September 2023

Background:

There are no treatment guidelines for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for the patients with decompensated cirrhosis, especially for those who have a history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, gastrointestinal bleeding and gastric fundus ulceration.

Case Presentation:

A 50-year-old woman who had a six-year history of lupus was admitted to our hospital. One month prior, at the Department of Gastroenterology, she was diagnosed with decompensated liver cirrhosis with gastric fundal varicose bleeding, and HBV-related infection. During her visit to the hospital, gastroscopy showed esophageal varices and a large gastric fundus ulcer. Laboratory data indicated the rapid decrease of red blood cells, granulocytes and platelets and the persistent increase of serum globulin levels. According to the patient's medical history and existing laboratory examination, the patient experienced an exacerbation of SLE, which could be life-threatening.-While it remained uncertain whether the liver cirrhosis was caused by SLE or the HBV infection, immediate treatment was necessary. Consequently, she was treated with a low dose of methylprednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). The treatment resulted in significant clinical improvement. Moreover, there was no indication of HBV reactivation, gastrointestinal bleeding, liver dysfunction or other drug-induced side effects.

Conclusion:

This case indicated that irrespective of the underlying causes of liver cirrhosis, the combination of a low dose of methylprednisolone and MMF is an effective treatment method to inhibit the disease process for patients with SLE and decompensated liver cirrhosis, a large gastric fundus ulcer and HBV infection.
Hepatoprotective Role of Herbs and Herbal Formulations
Authors: Kumar Jain Neetesh , Singh Nitu
Published: September 2023

The liver is an important organ in the body's metabolism and excretory
system. The prevalence of many forms of hepatic illnesses is on the rise, resulting in a
major increase in morbidity and mortality worldwide. Viral hepatitis, alcoholic/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular cancer, and drug-induced liver injury are all important health concerns that take millions of lives each
year throughout the world. Pharmaceutical medications are frequently linked to liver
injury, and so have limited efficacy in the treatment of liver diseases. As a result,
herbal drugs have grown in popularity and are widely used. For a long time, herbal
remedies have been utilized to treat liver problems. There are a variety of herbal
preparations on the market. Herbal medicine has been used to treat liver disorders for
thousands of years. A large range of medicinal plants have been examined as
hepatoprotective agents in preclinical and clinical investigations. However, more
thorough research is needed to screen and evaluate the usage of herbal medicines in the
treatment of diverse liver illnesses. The goal of this review is to compile information on
promising medicinal plants that have been tested in hepatotoxicity models using
cutting-edge scientific methods. The damage to liver cells caused by various toxic
chemicals (antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4
),
thioacetamide (TAA), and microbes have been well studied. In this scenario, the
current synthetic medications to treat liver problems promote more liver damage. The
purpose of this chapter is to examine various hepatoprotective plants and herbal
formulations. 
Hepatoprotective Phytochemicals: Isolation and Characterization from Plant Extracts
Authors: Kumar Sarkar Biresh , Sarkar Dhrubajyoti , Alam Faruk , Kemisetti Durgaprasad
Published: September 2023

The liver is the body's primary organ responsible for metabolism and
excretion. Oxidation, reduction, hydration, condensation, hydrolysis, conjugation, and
isomerization are some of the metabolic routes used by the human liver to metabolise
chemicals. Any of the aforementioned processes can be disrupted, resulting in liver cell
damage or hepatotoxicity, which can lead to a variety of disorders. These disorders are
linked to increased death rates over the world. Medicines, chemicals, dietary changes,
and herb-induced liver injury via hepatotoxins can all cause hepatotoxicity. A number
of herbal and herbomineral preparations are available in Ayurveda, the traditional
Indian Medicine, which has been investigated for their hepatoprotective potential to
treat different types of liver disorders. The present review is focused on different herbal
plants that have the potential to cure hepatotoxicity.
ANALISA DISTRIBUSI KEKERASAN KOMPONEN MOVABLE PULLEY DRIVEN (MPDN) PADA TRANSMISI KENDARAAN
Authors: Suriaman Irwan , Makki Muhammad Al , Jatira Jatira , Anwar Choirul
Published: September 2023

Transmission on the vehicle is very important component to ensure maximum power transfer from the engine to the wheels. The speed of four-wheeled vehicles is influenced by the transmission system used. Pulley is the component of continuous variable transmission (CVT) which is currently widely used in the automotive industry. The CVT transmission is type of automatic transmission with  gearshift process that does not use gears, but uses pulley. The pulley is made of stainless steel. For CVT transmission there are two pulleys, both of which are called driven pulleys. The CVT transmission shift operation is controlled electronically from the computer to drive the two pulleys. These two pulleys can move to the right or to the left, respectively, so that the width of the two pulleys can change to narrow or widen. The drive pulley moves away so the belt will move inward and the same time the driven pulley will narrow so the belt will move further out. The pulley diameter becomes the gear ratio in a CVT transmission. In the CVT transmission process there will be friction between the two surfaces of the pulley and the belt, therefore it is necessary to measure the hardness of the material from the pulley to ensure the vehicle's transmission capability. In this study, the hardness of the pulley material was measured using a Vickers machine according to the ASTM 6507 standard with a given load of 0.3 kg. The measurement results obtained an average value of hardness Vickers (HV) for the pulley material of 473.
RANCANG BANGUN DESALINASI SURYA TIPE SINGLE BASIN DOUBLE SLOPE DI SELAT PANJANG KOTA-RIAU
Authors: Martin Awaludin , Wahyudi Benny , Nasution Fikri Fahlevi
Published: September 2023

People in coastal areas must buy or use rainwater to get clean water, but the availability of clean water itself still depends on the availability of nature where when the dry season comes it is very difficult to get clean water. The solution to this problem is to utilize seawater through a seawater purification process (desalination) by removing excess salt content in the water by utilizing solar energy. The aims of this study are to design, manufacture, and test solar desalination with a single basin double slope type with the addition of an internal reflector and a wick in the form of a sponge. Where the test was carried out in Selat Panjang Kota, Meranti Islands Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia (1° North Latitude and 102.70° East Longitude). This study resulted in the highest efficiency found in the test with a sponge pore dimension of 0.20 mm compared to a sponge pore dimension of 0.35 mm and 0.50 mm. With the average intensity of solar radiation on that day of 733,079 W/m2, the desalination water produced was 3,380 kg and the efficiency was 27.05%. The quality of the desalinated water shows that all test parameters have values below the drinking water standard, which is given by the Minister of Health Regulation NUMBER 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010. This indicates that desalinated water is suitable for drinking as well.
KINERJA SISTEM PENYAPU TIPE GUTTER BROOMS PADA PROTOTIPE KENDARAAN PENYAPU JALAN
Authors: Pratama Aditya Bayu , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Krisnaputra Radhian , Prayoga Benidiktus Tulung , Prayitno Yosephus Ardean Kurnianto , Djati Isworo
Published: September 2023

The performance of the gutter brooms sweeping system was studied by conducting an experimental sweeping test. The test is carried out by operating a sweeper system to sweep plastic, paper, and leaf waste. The test results show that at a broom rotation speed of 150,6 rpm, the sweeping of plastic obtained a 100% sweeping success rate with the three settings for the height of the broom, while the sweeping of leaf waste obtained a 100% sweeping success rate at the broom position ± 0 mm touching the road surface and the sweeping of paper waste obtained a 100% sweeping success rate at the broom position ± 15 mm pressing the road surface. The comprehensive system of the gutter brooms type of road sweeper vehicle prototype can show sweeping performance with a 100% success rate, although the success rate of the sweeping is uncertain for different sweeping situations.
KARAKTERISASI LAPISAN OKSIDA HASIL ANODIZING PADA ALUMINIUM DENGAN VARIABEL WAKTU PENCELUPAN
Authors: Wisnujati Andika , Yudhanto Ferriawan
Published: September 2023

Anodizing is an electrolytic coating process that converts aluminum into aluminum oxide. The anodizing process is widely used in the manufacturing industry, especially in automotive components. Its utilization has benefits such as resistance to scratches, ease of maintenance, and added decorative value. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of time variations on the hardness and thickness of the oxide layer in the 6xxx series of aluminum anodizing processes. The variation of time used in the immersion process is 20, 30, and 40 minutes, with an electric current of 2 amps and a voltage of 24 volts. After that, the dyeing and sealing process is carried out. The tests carried out included testing of hardness (Vickers) and the thickness of the oxide layer (coating thickness gauge). The results of the highest hardness test of 112.9 VHN were obtained at a time variation of 40 minutes, with an average layer thickness of 5.07 m. It can be said that the amount of time spent in the anodizing process has an effect on how hard the oxide layer gets and how thick it is on the 6xxx series of aluminum metal.
EFEK LAJU PEMANASAN (HEATING RATE) TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI TEMPERATUR DAN KINERJA MODUL THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR SP1848 SA
Authors: Atmoko Nugroho Tri , Haikal Haikal , Utomo Bagus Radiant , Hidayah Fatimah Nur , Raharjo Emanuel Budi
Published: September 2023

Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) is an energy conversion technology that converts heat energy into electrical. There are several factors that affect the performance of TEG, one of which is the heat source. This research will investigate the use of waste heat by varying the heating rate on the performance of TEG in generating electricity and the temperature distribution profile through experimental studies on a laboratory scale. The heating plate is used to heat the hot surface of the TEG. There are three variations of the heating rate used, namely: Low (0.355°C/min), Middle (0.933 °C/min) and High (1.558 °C/min). Temperature measurements were carried out on the hot surface (Th), the cold surface (Tc) of the TEG module, and the ambient temperature (Ta) using Arduino temperature data logger. Meanwhile, to measure the electrical output in the form of voltage (V) generated by the TEG module, using the Arduino voltage data logger. The results show when the heating rate used is high (high heating rate) then the average electrical output of the TEG module produces a voltage of 5.34V. The heating rate on the hot surface of the TEG module will affect the difference in surface temperature and the performance of the TEG module in generating electricity.
KINERJA DAN EMISI MESIN DIESEL 1 SILINDER BERBAHAN BAKAR CAMPURAN BIODIESEL NYAMPLUNG DAN ETANOL
Authors: Ilminnafik Nasrul , Iwananda Atlanta , Kustanto Muh. Nurkoyim , Nisa Rima Zidni Karimatan
Published: September 2023

Research has been carried out on the effect of biodiesel and ethanol fuel mixtures on diesel engine performance and emissions. Ethanol (C2H5OH) is a type of alcohol that can improve the characteristics of biodiesel. The effect of ethanol on engine performance was investigated by adding B30 (a mixture of 30% nyamplung biodiesel (calophyllum inophyllum) and 70% petrodiesel). The concentration of ethanol added to B30 is 10% v/v which is called the B30E10 mixture. The composition of the fuel mixture is B0 (petrodiesel), B30, B30E10 and Pertadex. The research was conducted on a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine with a natural air system and coupled to a generator that functions as a dynamometer. Three times the test was carried out for each load applied to the engine varying from 0, 200, 400, and 600 W at a constant rotation speed of 1700 rpm. The research results that the constant engine speed method and variations in lamp load produce torque values (Nm) and effective power (kW) which tend to be the same between fuels, this happens because it is influenced by the governor mechanism. The highest fuel consumption occurred at the addition of 10% ethanol (B30E10). The lowest thermal efficiency occurs in B30E10. Exhaust emissions of carbon monoxide decreased with the addition of 10% ethanol.
PERANCANGAN METODE MACHINE LEARNING BERBASIS WEB UNTUK PREDIKSI SIFAT MEKANIK ALUMINIUM
Authors: Leni Desmarita , Kusuma Yuda Perdana , Muchlisinalahuddin Muchlisinalahuddin , Earnerstly Femi , Muharni Riza , Sumiati Ruzita
Published: September 2023

The main objective of this research is to design a web-based machine learning model that can predict the mechanical properties of aluminum based on its chemical composition. By inputting nine variables of chemical elements such as Al, Mg, Zn, Ti, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, and Si, the model is able to provide predictions for two output data, Yield Strength (YS) and Tensile Strength (TS). The research aims to understand the relationship between chemical composition and mechanical properties of aluminum, and to develop a tool that can be used to predict these properties with a high level of accuracy. Overall, the goal of this study is to enhance the understanding of the properties of aluminum and how it can be utilized in various applications. This study designs a web-based machine learning modeling to predict the mechanical properties of aluminum in the percentage of chemical composition, where the input data in the modeling consists of 9 variables of chemical elements such as Al, Mg, Zn, Ti, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, Si, and has 2 output data consisting of Yield Strength (YS) and Tensile Strength (TS). The modeling machine learning is designed using the Python programming language and additional libraries such as Pandas, Numpy, Scikit-learn, and Streamlit. The modeling in this study uses three algorithms consisting of Decision Trees (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Each algorithm is optimized with the best search parameters, and where the RF algorithm has better performance than DT and JST. The best modeling uses the RF algorithm with optimal parameters of number of trees at 20 and maximum depth of 10, with MAE values of 11.44, RMSE of 14.282, and R of 0.93 for Yield Strength (YS) predictions, and for Tensile Strength (TS) predictions, MAE values are obtained. 21,669, RMSE 27,301, and R 0.871.
STUDI NUMERIK TURBIN ANGIN SAVONIUS: TORSI MEKANIK, DIAMETER POROS, DAN DAYA
Authors: Arbiyani Filian , Lasut Fernando Pranata , Albert Fransiskus
Published: September 2023

One of the renewable energy sources that can be used to generate electricity is wind energy. This research aims to numerically study the Savonius Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) type to obtain the mechanical torque, load torque, shaft diameter, and the empirical equation showing the relationship between the mechanical torque and power generated. The numerical study employs MATLAB R2018a software with the parameters mechanical torque, load torque, and power. The obtained mechanical torque is also used to determine the design of the shaft diameter based on its maximum mechanical torque. From this numerical study, the value of mechanical torque is greater than the mechanical load, and it also obtains the empirical equation of the relationship between mechanical torque and power. Validation is carried out on the empirical equation with valid results as it has the ± 10% tolerance.  Furthermore, it is obtained that the design of the minimum shaft diameter of the wind turbine with PLA (Polylactic Acid) filament material is 2 mm. This Savonius turbine design can be used for placement on vehicles and in areas in Indonesia with low to high wind speeds with variations between 1 m/s – 17 m/s.
STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL GENERATOR ELEKTRIK BERBAHAN BAKAR BIOGAS GUNA MENDUKUNG NET ZERO EMISSION (NZE)
Authors: Negara I Gede Artha , Mulawarman A.A.N.B , Santosa I Gede , Midiani L.P. Ike
Published: September 2023

Indonesia is a country that has large, widespread and diverse renewable energy potential that can support energy transition and achieve net zero emission (NZE) target by 2060 or sooner. This paper aimed to investigate characteristics of exhaust emissions and consumption fuel of biogas-fuelled electric generator. The biogas used comes from organic cow dung through an anaerobic fermentation process. About 40% vol. CH4 content observed in biogas. A 420 CC of single cylinder generator was used in this study. Based on the results, it can be seen that biogas exhaust CO emissions are relatively lower than gasoline. CO emissions are directly proportional to the electric load. The lowest CO2 emission was obtained at 4,7 % for biogas with 300 W electric load and 8,4 % for gasoline which is the highest emission. The concentration of hydrocarbons was observed to be 20 ppm for biogas while 64 ppm for gasoline with 300 W electric load. For the fuel consumption, biogas obtained relatively higher results than gasoline for each electric load.
From Exile to Resistance: An Intimate Portrait of Edward Said
Authors: Zamani Bahar
Published: September 2023

Review of Timothy Brennan (2021) Places of Mind: A Life of Edward Said. London: Bloomsbury.
Do Arendt and Luxemburg Have a Remedy for Our Dark Times?
Authors: Van den Belt Henk
Published: September 2023

Review of Joke J. Hermsen. 2022. A Good & Dignified Life: The Political Advice of Hannah Arendt & Rosa Luxemburg (translated from the Dutch by Brendan Monaghan). New Haven & London: Yale University Press.
Critical Naturalism from the Margins: Commentary to Critical Naturalism: A Manifesto, by Federica Gregoratto, Heikki Ikäheimo, Emmanuel Renault, Arvi Särkelä and Italo Testa
Authors: Teixeira Mariana
Published: September 2023

The prior issue of Krisis (42:1) published Critical Naturalism: A Manifesto, with the aim to instigate a debate of the issues raised in this manifesto – the necessary re-thinking of the role (and the concept) of nature in critical theory in relation to questions of ecology, health, and inequality. Since Krisis considers itself a place for philosophical debates that take contemporary struggles as starting point, it issued an open call and solicited responses to the manifesto. This is one of the sixteen selected responses, which augment, specify, or question the assumptions and arguments of the manifesto.
Towards a Dialectical Naturalism: A Response to "Critical Naturalism: A Manifesto"
Authors: Suther Jensen
Published: September 2023

The prior issue of Krisis (42:1) published Critical Naturalism: A Manifesto, with the aim to instigate a debate of the issues raised in this manifesto – the necessary re-thinking of the role (and the concept) of nature in critical theory in relation to questions of ecology, health, and inequality. Since Krisis considers itself a place for philosophical debates that take contemporary struggles as starting point, it issued an open call and solicited responses to the manifesto. This is one of the sixteen selected responses, which augment, specify, or question the assumptions and arguments of the manifesto.
Understanding the Plurality of Nature: A Neo-Spinozist Response to the Critical Naturalism Manifesto
Authors: Andermann Kerstin
Published: September 2023

The prior issue of Krisis (42:1) published Critical Naturalism: A Manifesto, with the aim to instigate a debate of the issues raised in this manifesto – the necessary re-thinking of the role (and the concept) of nature in critical theory in relation to questions of ecology, health, and inequality. Since Krisis considers itself a place for philosophical debates that take contemporary struggles as starting point, it issued an open call and solicited responses to the manifesto. This is one of the sixteen selected responses, which augment, specify, or question the assumptions and arguments of the manifesto.
Taal, macht en identiteitspolitiek: een kritische blik op Gijs van Oenen's 'Culturele veldslagen'
Authors: Vintges Karen
Published: September 2023

Emancipatie is goed, identiteitspolitiek is fout, zo luidt de strekking van het recente boek van politiek filosoof Gijs van Oenen, getiteld Culturele veldslagen: Filosofie van de culture wars. Kritiek op identiteitspolitiek - vooral die in de woke vorm – is vandaag de dag niks bijzonders. Ook de analyse van Van Oenen dat er net zo goed een identiteitspolitiek van rechts als van links bestaat is niet nieuw, evenmin als zijn ‘oplossing’ namelijk liberalisme en de rechtsstaat – beide treffen we bijvoorbeeld aan bij Anthony Appiah’s The Lies That Bind: Rethinking Identity (2019). Nieuw is wel dat Van Oenen - die zich als links intellectueel afficheert – hierbij etiketten gebruikt die momenteel gangbaar zijn in de hoek van alt right. De termen ‘cultuurmarxisme’ en ‘culture wars’ - zie de titel van zijn boek - worden door hem als neutraal gepresenteerd, maar het is de vraag wat hij daarmee binnen haalt.
Theory at the Limits of Science and Politics: The Challenges of Writing a Manifesto in Times of Climate Collapse
Authors: Dege Carmen
Published: September 2023

The prior issue of Krisis (42:1) published Critical Naturalism: A Manifesto, with the aim to instigate a debate of the issues raised in this manifesto – the necessary re-thinking of the role (and the concept) of nature in critical theory in relation to questions of ecology, health, and inequality. Since Krisis considers itself a place for philosophical debates that take contemporary struggles as starting point, it issued an open call and solicited responses to the manifesto. This is one of the sixteen selected responses, which augment, specify, or question the assumptions and arguments of the manifesto.
A systematic review of halal hotels: A word cloud and thematic analysis of articles from the Scopus database
Authors: Alam Azhar , Mellinia Rashifahunnisa’ , Ratnasari Ririn Tri , Ma’aruf Aminudin
Published: September 2023

This systematic review aims to comprehensively analyze the existing literature on halal hotels available in the Scopus database, employing word cloud and thematic analysis methods. Halal hotels constitute a pivotal component within the burgeoning halal tourism industry. While prior literature reviews have often focused on halal tourism in general, this study uniquely concentrates on a systematic examination of the discourse surrounding halal hotels. Initially, 36 articles related to halal hotels were identified, which were subsequently refined to 24 articles through a meticulous screening process based on predetermined criteria. Employing word cloud analysis, this study presents four main themes identified from the selected articles: Customer behavior studies of halal hotels, conceptual and attributes of halal hotels, Sharia compliance of halal hotels, and halal hotel marketing studies. Additionally, the study identifies potential opportunities and future targets for research in the domain of halal hotels. It is important to note that this study is confined to the publications available in the reputable Scopus database. The findings of this research are expected to provide valuable guidance and focus for academic researchers and policymakers engaged in the study of halal hotels.