bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A full-term infant with type II thanatophoric dysplasia
Authors: Yolanda Natharina , Yulianto Ferry , Arina Sally , Edwin Johanes
Published: December 2018

Objectives

To report a neonate with clinical findings consistent with thanatophoric dysplasia (TD). Only a few cases of this rare and lethal skeletal disorder have been reported in South-East Asia.

Case presentation

A 37-year-old Asian female, fourth gravida at 39 weeks, presented to our hospital for an elective cesarean section due to polyhydramnios, frank breech and gestational hypertension. The father was a 42-year-old Asian male. There was no history of rashes, fever, alcohol intake, substance drug abuse, smoking habit or radiation exposure. Ultrasound (US) of 34-weeks’ gestation found a baby with frontal bossing, prominent temporal lobe, clover-skull and low nasal bridge. The thoracic diameter was smaller than the abdominal diameter. Short limbs without bowing were noted in femur and humeral bones. The patient delivered a baby boy, 4115 g, APGAR scores were 5 and 7 at 1 and 5 min. The baby had a dysmorphic face, frontal bossing, low nasal bridge, low-set ears and short neck. The thorax was narrow and abdomen was protuberant. The upper and lower proximal limbs appeared short. A chest X-ray revealed short, curved ribs and opacification of both lungs. He had respiratory distress shortly after birth and had persistent severe respiratory distress despite adequate mechanical ventilation. On the third day, he had cardiac arrest; resuscitation was not done due to family request. The baby was declared deceased due to cardiopulmonary failure related to his congenital anomaly.

Conclusions

Ultrasonography could readily indicate TD prenatally. The pregnancy can continue up to late third trimester without miscarriage. Most of the neonates die in utero; those who survive are dependent on ventilator.
Mitschwimmen oder untergehen?
Authors: Schoppek Dorothea Elena
Published: December 2018

Der Anspruch auf eine tiefgreifende, gesamtgesellschaftliche Transformation stellt die Degrowth-Bewegung vor große Herausforderungen. Abgesehen von weitreichenden strukturellen Veränderungen gilt es, den hegemonialen Wachstums-Diskurs zu durchbrechen und für systemische Alternativen zu mobilisieren. Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der Frage, wie es gelingen kann, einerseits diskursiv anschlussfähig zu bleiben, ohne andererseits vom hegemonialen Diskurs vereinnahmt zu werden. Vor dem Hintergrund verschiedener Strömungen innerhalb des Degrowth-Diskurses, diskutiert Dorothea Schoppek Strategien der Abgrenzung (‚radikaler Bruch‘, ‚Humor‘ und ‚Zukunft als Vergangenheit‘) sowie deren mögliche Konsequenzen auf die Durchsetzungsfähigkeit des Degrowth-Diskurses.
Einstiege in eine demokratische Postwachstums-Transformation
Authors: Adler Frank
Published: December 2018

Eine PW-Transformation sollte demokratisch, friedlich und maßgeblich durch Druck von unten erfolgen. Realität werden kann diese in der PW-Szene dominante Hoffnung nur, wenn bereits unter den jetzigen Verhältnissen wesentliche Elemente eines PW-kompatiblen Wohlstands für kritische Massen auch der „Durchschnittsbevölkerung“ attraktiv werden. Der Artikel erläutert, welche Inhalte ein PW-kompatibles Modell von Wohlstand haben und auf welche empfundene Defizite im wachstumsorientierten Reproduktionsprozess es damit antworten könnte, inwiefern praktisch erfahrbare Erfolge seiner Verwirklichung zugleich Ursachen für Wachstumsorientierung und Konsumismus suspendieren oder eindämmen können, an welchen Forderungen und Kämpfen politisch relevanter Akteure dabei angeknüpft werden kann und welche Allianzchancen für Degrowth sich damit eröffnen und warum der damit mögliche Druck von unten in radikale strukturelle Reformen münden sollte, die Bedingungen und Akzeptanz für einen wachstumsunabhängigen Wohlstand verbessern, damit auch für weitergehende PW-Transformationen.
Concepts of Phenomenological Irreversible Quantum Thermodynamics I: Closed Undecomposed Schottky Systems in Semi-Classical Description
Authors: Muschik Wolfgang
Published: December 2018

If the von Neumann equation is modified by time dependent statistical weights, the time rate of entropy, the entropy exchange and the production of a Schottky system are derived whose Hamiltonian does not contain the interaction with the system’s environment. This interaction is semi-classically described by the quantum theoretical expressions of power and entropy exchange.
Visual Exegesis at ‘The World’s Oldest Church’: a Case Study for Historiography
Authors: Harrower Scott
Published: December 2018

This article highlights the importance of acknowledging the underlying methodology in the interpretation of early Christian art. I raise these issues via an engagement with the frescoes at Dura Europos, as interpreted by Michael Peppard in his recent work, The World’s Oldest Church. I demonstrate that Peppard’s ideology and archaeological methodology entail a creative, hermeneutical nexus for interpreting the initiation rituals at the Dura Europos house church. For Peppard, this nexus entails an innovative interplay between non-canonical sources, art and liturgical identity. This yields a surprising interpretation of initiation rituals at Dura Europos and, by extension, of early Christianity in Syria. After describing some problematic aspects of Peppard’s ideological and archaeological choices, I offer suggestions for a related proposal on Christology and visual exegesis at the Dura Europos house church baptistery. This proposal begins with clarification of ideological issues that foreground visual exegesis at Dura Europos, and argues for the adoption of six essential criteria when reconstructing the operative Christology in the baptistery of Dura Europos.
Relationship of Opening CSF Pressure and Visual Field Defect in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Paybast Sepideh , Assarzadegan Farhad , Safarpoor Lima Behnam , Koosha Mohsen
Published: December 2018

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is an increased intracranial pressure with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) characteristic in the absence of identifiable causes. The most important complication of this disorder is visual impairment. So far, no comprehensive study has been done on the relationship between the opening CSF pressure and visual field defect in IIH. Methods: In this study, 35 patients with increased intracranial pressure who fulfilled modified Dandy’s criteria underwent ophthalmologic examination and lumbar puncture. The opening CSF pressure was categorized into mild (25-30), moderate (30-40) and severe (>40). The degree of visual field defect was reported both quantitatively and qualitatively. Eventually, the statistical relationship was established among these variables. Results: The mean opening CSF pressure was 33.71 CmH2o. Twelve patients had minor CSF pressure, whereas in 14 and 9 patients the CSF pressure was respectively moderate and severe. There was not statistically significant relationship between the visual field defect and CSF pressure. The most common patterns of visual field involvement were enlarged blind spot and peripheral restriction. Conclusion: The most important morbidity in IIH is visual impairment. According to the findings, the visual field impairment is not pertinent to CSF pressure. In other words, neither high CSF pressure predicts intense visual defect, nor low CSF pressure indicates minimal visual impairment.
Classification of Mental Stress Levels by Analyzing fNIRS Signal Using Linear and Non-linear Features
Authors: Arefi Shirvan Reza , Setarehdan Seyed Kamaledin , Motie Nasrabadi Ali
Published: December 2018

Background: Mental stress is known as one of the main influential factors in development of different diseases including heart attack and stroke. Thus, quantification of stress level can be very important in preventing many diseases and in human health. Methods: The prefrontal cortex is involved in body regulation in response to stress. In this research, functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals were recorded from FP2 position in the international electroencephalographic 10–20 system during a stressful mental arithmetic task to be calculated within a limited period of time. After extracting the brain’s hemodynamic response from fNIRS signal, different linear and nonlinear features were extracted from the signal which are then used for stress levels classification both individually and in combination. Results: In this study, the maximum accuracy of 88.72% was achieved in classification between high and low stress levels, and 96.92% was obtained for the stress and rest states. Conclusion: Our results showed that using the proposed linear and nonlinear features it is possible to effectively classify stress levels from fNIRS signals recorded from only one site in the prefrontal cortex. Comparing to other methods, it is shown that the proposed algorithm outperforms other previously reported methods using the nonlinear features extracted from the fNIRS signal. These results clearly show the potential of fNIRS signal as a useful tool for early diagnosis and quantify stress.
Depression and its Main Determinants Among Iranian Operating Room Personnel: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ameri Mehdi , Hosseini Nodoushan Mohammad Reza , Shahbazzadeh Amir , Arab Ahmadi Mehran
Published: December 2018

Background: Most nurses, especially operating room personnel, seems to be more likely to be affected by mood disorders than other social strata. The present study attempted to systematically review the prevalence of depression and its main determinants among operating room personnel in Iran. Methods: The method of this systematic review is documenting in a published protocol in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. After this massive search, titles and abstracts of retrieved documents have screened and all irrelevant articles excluded. Two reviewers screened the documents and selected all relevant studies and assessed included articles separately. Results: Totally, 12 citations found in the initial literature search where four citations excluded, as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. The final number of studies available for analysis was 12 including a total of 373 operating room personnel (86 men and 287 women, mean the age of 27.71 years ranged from 20 to 36 years). The pooled prevalence of depression among operating room personnel was estimated to be 45.3%. In this regard, 27.0% of personnel suffered from severe depression. A significant heterogeneity found in the overall analysis of the overall prevalence of depression and its severe pattern. Conclusion: A notable number of operating room personnel in Iran suffer from depression even in its severe condition emphasizing the importance of the managerial approach to minimize its adverse effects on their performance as well as to improve their quality of life
Low-Power Laser Irradiation (LPLI): A Clinical Point of View on a Promising Strategy to Improve Liver Regeneration
Authors: Araújo Tiago Gomes , Oliveira Alexandre Gabarra , Franchi Teixeira Antonio R.
Published: December 2018

The capacity of the liver to regenerate is an important clinical issue after major hepatectomies and makes the difference between life and death in some cases of post-operative malfunction when the liver remnant is too small or has an impaired regenerative capacity. Several approaches have been tested to stimulate hepatic regeneration after post-operative hepatic failure syndrome; however, they have produced controversial results. A quick, simple, and harmless method that can be used intraoperatively and capable of promoting an increased regenerative capacity of the remaining liver would be very welcome. Thus, based on the data in the literature, we presented low-power laser irradiation (LPLI) as a quick, simple, and harmless method to improve liver regeneration after major hepatectomies. This article highlights the current evidence about the effects of LPLI on liver regeneration, and also suggests laser therapy as an important tool for regenerative stimulation in clinical practice.
Role of MicroRNAs in Pathophysiology of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Iravani Farzaneh , Hosseini Neda , Mojarrad Majid
Published: December 2018

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder worldwide. It includes wide range of diseases from different subtypes of simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may be complicated by liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma. Of the epigenetic factors that play a key role in the progression of it, is microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are short non-coding RNAs of 22-23 nucleotides in length, which regulate a large number of genes that have a critical role in regulation of lipid and cholesterol biosynthesis in hepatocytes. MiRNAs can be used as a very powerful biomarker to diagnosis and follow-up any disorder, such as NAFLD and NASH with a high specificity and sensitivity. The aim of this study was to review the role of different miRNAs in the pathophysiology of NASH and NAFLD.
Detection of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Iranian Patients with Cirrhosis
Authors: Khodadoostan Mahsa , Sadeghian Sina , Safaei Ali , Kabiri Milad , Shavakhi Sara , Shavakhi Ali Reza , Shavakhi Ahmad
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is the mildest type of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. Patients with MHE have normal clinical and physical examination but they show some neurocognitive dysfunctions that affect their quality of life negatively. The aim of the current study is to diagnose MHE in patients with cirrhosis and its associated factors. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study on 120 known cases of cirrhosis referred to hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences during 2014-17. The patients’ cirrhosis severity was evaluated using laboratory tests and physical examinations based on MELD (Model for End-stage Liver Disease) and Child-Pugh criteria. The patients’ demographics were filled in a checklist. All included patients with cirrhosis were asked to respond to the questions of Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES) test. RESULTS Mean age of the patients was 51.2 ± 9.7 years. 62 (51.7%) patients were men and 58 (48.3%) patients were women. The mean score of the patients based on MELD criteria was 14.03 ± 6.09. 26.7% of the patients presented MHE. Mean age of the patients with MHE was statistically less than the patients without MHE (p value < 0.001). Mean score of MELD criteria among the patients with diagnosis of MHE was significantly higher than the other group (p value < 0.001). The patients’ Child class was statistically associated with MHE (p value < 0.001). Men were significantly more affected than women (p value = 0.03). CONCLUSION MHE was associated with MELD score and Child class of the patients with cirrhosis. The noticeable point was reversible association of age with MHE. Further studies are recommended.
A High Serum-Ascites Albumin Gradient and Mediastinal Fibrosarcoma: A Case Report
Authors: Hormati Ahmad , Jameshorani Maryam , Sarkeshikian Saeid , Ghadir Mohammad Reza , Alemi Faezeh
Published: December 2018

Accumulation of free fluid in the peritoneal cavity is called ascites. The first step in identifying its etiology is to determine the serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG). According to this parameter, a high SAAG is regarded as a gradient greater than 1.1 g/dL. This condition has some differential diagnoses such as liver cirrhosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, heart failure, and idiopathic portal fibrosis. In the present article, we present a young man with abdominal distention due to a high SAAG. Further evaluation of the abdominal and thoracic cavity revealed a mass in the posterior mediastinum, which had compressed the inferior vena cava and left atrium and led to Budd-Chiari syndrome. Evaluation of the biopsy sample showed fibrosarcoma. Mediastinal fibrosarcomas, though rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal masses.
Chronic Energy Depletion due to Iron Deficiency Impairs Dendritic Mitochondrial Motility during Hippocampal Neuron Development
Authors: Bastian Thomas W. , von Hohenberg William C. , Georgieff Michael K. , Lanier Lorene M.
Published: December 2018

During development, neurons require highly integrated metabolic machinery to meet the large energy demands of growth, differentiation, and synaptic activity within their complex cellular architecture. Dendrites/axons require anterograde trafficking of mitochondria for local ATP synthesis to support these processes. Acute energy depletion impairs mitochondrial dynamics, but how chronic energy insufficiency affects mitochondrial trafficking and quality control during neuronal development is unknown. Because iron deficiency impairs mitochondrial respiration/ATP production, we treated mixed-sex embryonic mouse hippocampal neuron cultures with the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) to model chronic energetic insufficiency and its effects on mitochondrial dynamics during neuronal development. At 11 days in vitro (DIV), DFO reduced average mitochondrial speed by increasing the pause frequency of individual dendritic mitochondria. Time spent in anterograde motion was reduced; retrograde motion was spared. The average size of moving mitochondria was reduced, and the expression of fusion and fission genes was altered, indicating impaired mitochondrial quality control. Mitochondrial density was not altered, suggesting that respiratory capacity and not location is the key factor for mitochondrial regulation of early dendritic growth/branching. At 18 DIV, the overall density of mitochondria within terminal dendritic branches was reduced in DFO-treated neurons, which may contribute to the long-term deficits in connectivity and synaptic function following early-life iron deficiency. The study provides new insights into the cross-regulation between energy production and dendritic mitochondrial dynamics during neuronal development and may be particularly relevant to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, many of which are characterized by impaired brain iron homeostasis, energy metabolism and mitochondrial trafficking.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study uses a primary neuronal culture model of iron deficiency to address a gap in understanding of how dendritic mitochondrial dynamics are regulated when energy depletion occurs during a critical period of neuronal maturation. At the beginning of peak dendritic growth/branching, iron deficiency reduces mitochondrial speed through increased pause frequency, decreases mitochondrial size, and alters fusion/fission gene expression. At this stage, mitochondrial density in terminal dendrites is not altered, suggesting that total mitochondrial oxidative capacity and not trafficking is the main mechanism underlying dendritic complexity deficits in iron-deficient neurons. Our findings provide foundational support for future studies exploring the mechanistic role of developmental mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders characterized by mitochondrial energy production and trafficking deficits.
Medicine and Metaphor in Late Antiquity
Authors: Mayer Wendy
Published: December 2018

This essay seeks to provide a framework for the four articles that follow. While the employment of medical metaphors by the writers of Late Antiquity has long been recognized, for medical historians the domains to which the metaphors are applied have remained largely in the background. Attention has tended to focus on the metaphors themselves and on the degree to which they reflect actual historical medical thought and practice. More recently attention has focused on the cultural, conceptual, and moral purpose of medical metaphors and how their employment might in itself be therapeutic. This article addresses three recent shifts in the way the role of medical metaphor is viewed, including its cognitive implications for the hearer.
Blended with the Savior
Authors: Penniman John David
Published: December 2018

Humankind, for Gregory of Nyssa, was poisoned through a primordial act of eating the forbidden fruit from the Garden of Eden. As a result, the toxin of sin and death has been blended into the body and soul of each person, dispersing itself throughout the component parts of their nature. If eating and drinking initiated the spiritual and physical degradation of humanity, Gregory argues, then it must also be through eating and drinking—namely, through the Eucharist—that humanity will be healed. This article proposes that Gregory's instruction on the Eucharist in his Catechetical Oration should be understood as more than merely a metaphorical flourish, more than a clever use of medical imagery at the service of a sacramental theology. Rather, his use of technical medical terminology and concepts about dietetics and pharmacology are an example of medical knowledge being applied within the embodied practices of a particular Christian ritual. That is, when read in light of the crucial medical concept of krasis—in which health and disease are identified as a delicate blending of hot, cold, wet, and dry—we are better able to discern how Gregory's discussion of ritualized bread-eating functions as a medical intervention into the diseased and dying nature of humanity. In his discussion of food's power to reconfigure the four fundamental qualities of human physiology, Gregory presents the Eucharistic bread as part of a dietary regimen, a method for blending Christ's healing and life-giving power into bodies that are currently bent toward death. In this way, the bread is offered as a singularly potent antidote for sicknesses afflicting body and soul alike.
GLUT3 expression in cystic change induced by hypoxia in pituitary adenomas
Authors: Mei Tao , Zhang Jianhe , Wei Liangfeng , Qi Xingfeng , Ma Yiming , Liu Xianhua , Chen Shaohua , Li Songyuan , Wu Jianwu , Wang Shousen
Published: December 2018

Tumor cells require large amounts of energy to sustain growth. Through the mediated transport of glucose transporters, the uptake and utilization of glucose by tumor cells are significantly enhanced in the hypoxic microenvironment. Pituitary adenomas are benign tumors with high-energy metabolisms. We aimed to investigate the role of expression of glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in pituitary adenomas, including effects on size, cystic change and hormone type. Pituitary adenomas from 203 patients were collected from January 2013 to April 2017, and immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect the expression of GLUT3 and GLUT1 in tumor specimens. GLUT3-positive expression in the cystic change group was higher than that in the non-cystic change group (P = 0.018). Proportions of GLUT3-positive staining of microadenomas, macroadenomas, and giant adenomas were 22.7 (5/22), 50.4 (66/131) and 54.0% (27/50), respectively (P = 0.022). In cases of prolactin adenoma, GLUT3-positive staining was predominant in cell membranes (P = 0.000006), while in cases of follicle-stimulating hormone or luteotropic hormone adenoma, we found mainly paranuclear dot-like GLUT3 staining (P = 0.025). In other hormonal adenomas, GLUT3 was only partially expressed, and the intensity of cell membrane or paranuclear punctate staining was weak. In contrast to GLUT3, GLUT1 expression was not associated with pituitary adenomas. Thus, our results indicate that the expression of GLUT3 in pituitary adenomas is closely related to cystic change and hormonal type. This study is the first to report a unique paranuclear dot-like GLUT3 staining pattern in pituitary adenomas.
AVery Oil Yellow1Modifier of theOil Yellow1-N1989Allele Uncovers a Cryptic Phenotypic Impact ofCis-regulatory Variation in Maize
Authors: Khangura Rajdeep S , Marla Sandeep , Venkata Bala P , Heller Nicholas J , Johal Gurmukh S , Dilkes Brian P
Published: December 2018

Forward genetics determines the function of genes underlying trait variation by identifying the change in DNA responsible for changes in phenotype. Detecting phenotypically-relevant variation outside protein coding sequences and distinguishing this from neutral variants is not trivial; partly because the mechanisms by which DNA polymorphisms in the intergenic regions affect gene regulation are poorly understood. Here we utilized a dominant genetic reporter to investigate the effect of cis and trans-acting regulatory variation. We performed a forward genetic screen for natural variation that suppressed or enhanced the semi-dominant mutant allele Oy1-N1989, encoding the magnesium chelatase subunit I of maize. This mutant permits rapid phenotyping of leaf color as a reporter for chlorophyll accumulation, and mapping of natural variation in maize affecting chlorophyll metabolism. We identified a single modifier locus segregating between B73 and Mo17 that was linked to the reporter gene itself, which we call very oil yellow1 (vey1). Based on the variation in OY1 transcript abundance and genome-wide association data, vey1 is predicted to consist of multiple cis-acting regulatory sequence polymorphisms encoded at the wild-type oy1 alleles. The vey1 locus appears to be a common polymorphism in the maize germplasm that alters the expression level of a key gene in chlorophyll biosynthesis. These vey1 alleles have no discernable impact on leaf chlorophyll in the absence of the Oy1-N1989 reporter. Thus, the use of a mutant as a reporter for magnesium chelatase activity resulted in the detection of expression-level polymorphisms not readily visible in the laboratory.
Triacylglycerol Metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Heier Christoph , Kühnlein Ronald P
Published: December 2018

Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the most important caloric source with respect to energy homeostasis in animals. In addition to its evolutionarily conserved importance as an energy source, TAG turnover is crucial to the metabolism of structural and signaling lipids. These neutral lipids are also key players in development and disease. Here, we review the metabolism of TAG in the Drosophila model system. Recently, the fruit fly has attracted renewed attention in research due to the unique experimental approaches it affords in studying the tissue-autonomous and interorgan regulation of lipid metabolism in vivo. Following an overview of the systemic control of fly body fat stores, we will cover lipid anabolic, enzymatic, and regulatory processes, which begin with the dietary lipid breakdown and de novo lipogenesis that results in lipid droplet storage. Next, we focus on lipolytic processes, which mobilize storage TAG to make it metabolically accessible as either an energy source or as a building block for biosynthesis of other lipid classes. Since the buildup and breakdown of fat involves various organs, we highlight avenues of lipid transport, which are at the heart of functional integration of organismic lipid metabolism. Finally, we draw attention to some “missing links” in basic neutral lipid metabolism and conclude with a perspective on how fly research can be exploited to study functional metabolic roles of diverse lipids.
DNA Chips: the Potential Enhancer of Human Memory
Authors: Xu Shiqin
Published: December 2018

Human memory is one of the most important parts that distinguish us from ani-mals. Memory enhancement is a major topic for many researchers of neurosci-ence and education, but it is not that easy to reach it. Implantation of DNA chips into brain to help memory was seen in science fiction, whereas this kind of hope is also considered by real scientists. By specifically designed DNA chips, can we realize the memory enhancement? It is potentially possible. Based on the memory forming theory and special DNA memorial structure, in combination of electronic circuit, the implantable DNA memory chips would be the promising direction for designing external memory enhancer.
La ausencia y la discriminación de las mujeres en la formación del profesorado de historia y ciencias sociales
Authors: Marolla-Gajardo Jesús
Published: December 2018

El problema de la violencia y la discriminación por razones de género es un aspecto del cual nos debemos hacer cargo como sociedad. Los objetivos de la investigación se han enmarcado en la reflexión sobre los problemas y los obstáculos que se presentan en la formación del profesorado, así como las posibilidades y las ventajas de incluir y trabajar con las mujeres y su historia. El trabajo es un estudio de caso que ha contado con cinco participantes, quienes fueron docentes de didáctica de las ciencias sociales que trabajan en distintos establecimiento de Santiago de Chile. Los instrumentos de recogida de información consistieron en entrevistas semi-estructuradas y las técnicas para analizar la información consideraron la teoría crítica, el posestructuralismo y las teorías de género y la teoría queer. En torno a los principales hallazgos, es posible señalar que el profesorado de didáctica afirma que existen múltiples posibilidades para incluir a las mujeres y su historia en la formación del profesorado como en las prácticas de enseñanza. No obstante, para ello se deben promover espacios que favorezcan la inclusión de las problemáticas de las mujeres. El profesorado participante recomienda, a modo de conclusiones, que las mujeres y otros colectivos que han sido invisibilizados, marginados y violentados desde distintos planos, reflexionen sobre sus propias prácticas pedagógicas, a fin de generar espacios y transformaciones ante las desigualdades, los prejuicios, los estereotipos y los roles opresivos que se les otorgan a las mujeres por razones de género.
La metáfora como alternativa metodológica para investigar y reflexionar acerca de la práctica pedagógica en la enseñanza de la lectoescritura
Authors: Valenciano-Canet Grettel
Published: December 2018

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación de tipo cualitativo, cuyo objetivo fue analizar las estrategias que una maestra de primer grado escolar utiliza para promover el proceso de la motivación de las niñas y los niños de su clase, hacia el aprendizaje de la lectoescritura. Se usa la técnica de la metáfora como alternativa metodológica para reflexionar en cuanto a la práctica pedagógica, integrando además, las técnicas de observación participante, la entrevista y los fundamentos teóricos. Se empleó un diseño cualitativo, el cual fue adaptado al objeto de estudio durante el proceso. Se resume el análisis y discusión de los resultados, con la organización de la información, que se orienta a la elaboración de categorías, las cuales dan unidad a los datos recabados durante el proceso de investigación, y evidencian que los hallazgos son conducentes al logro del objetivo planteado. En conclusión, se demuestra que la práctica pedagógica de la docente participante en este estudio se ubica en el paradigma positivista y el enfoque conductista del aprendizaje, visión contraria a la propuesta del lenguaje integral. Se considera importante realizar transformaciones en el sistema educativo formal costarricense. Para esto, es necesario reflexionar sobre las prácticas pedagógicas, las cuales involucran los sistemas de creencias, la visión de mundo y las concepciones teóricas de las personas docentes. Por último, cabe mencionar que la autora del artículo es la investigadora.
Bezeréd-teleki-dűlő ii. egy késő neolitikus körárok a kr. e. 5. évezredből
Authors: P. Barna Judit , Tokai Zita Mária , Eke István , Pásztor Emília , T. Biró Katalin , Mesterházy Gábor , Pethe Mihály
Published: December 2018

Bezeréd-Teleki-dűlő II. lelőhelyen terepbejárás és geofizikai felmérés eredményeként a késő neolitikus lengyeli kultúra körárka vált ismertté. A feltűnően szimmetrikus alaprajzú, kettős körárok mindkét árkán 8–8 bejárat figyelhető meg, melyek némelyike előtt félköríves toldalékok jelentkeztek. A belső árok mindkét oldalán paliszádárkok mutatkoztak. A kapuk tájolása megfelel a dunántúli lengyeli körárkokra jellemző mintázatnak. A körárok belsejében kirajzolódó épületek, a körárok körüli lengyeli kultúrás lelőhelyek, továbbá a körárok időrendi viszonya egyelőre nem tisztázott.
A pannoniai késő római „belső erődök”
Authors: Visy Zsolt
Published: December 2018

A 4. századi Pannoniában hatalmas erődítmények épültek olyan területeken, ahol korábban sem erődök, sem nagyobb települések nem voltak. E belső erődök rendeltetéséről hosszú vita folyt. A kérdésre a jelen tanulmány új szempontok felvetésével új választ kínál.
Hagyomány, átalakulás és innováció az 5. századi női viseletben
Authors: Miháczi-Pálfi Anett
Published: December 2018

Jelen tanulmány a balatonszemes–szemesi-bereki temető sírleleteinek háromszintű (viselet, viseleti elem, készítéstechnológia) elemzésének az eredményeire épül, amelyek alapján az antik, késő római, barbár és germán hagyományok 5. századi továbbélésével, átalakulásával és a korszak újításaival foglalkozik.
A szegvár-sápoldal lelőhelyen feltárt avar sírok csontvázmaradványainak antropológiai vizsgálata
Authors: Szalai Ferenc
Published: December 2018

A 7. századra datálható, régészetileg jelentős kis sírszámú avar kori temetőből tíz csontvázmaradvány antropológiai vizsgálatát végeztük el. Sikerült megállapítani, hogy az eltemetettek közül hét öt év alatti gyermek, kettő fiatal férfi és egy fiatal nő. A csontmaradványok rossz megtartása ellenére az egyik fiatal férfi arckoponyáján mongoloid, a fiatal nőén pedig europid jellegeket találtunk. A temető kis közösséghez vagy akár egy családhoz is tartozhatott, de ezt morfológiai vizsgálatainkkal nem tudtuk alátámasztani.
Quality of life in a deep ecological perspective. The need for a transformation of the Western mindset?
Authors: Ims Knut J.
Published: December 2018

Are the ecosophy of the Norwegian philosopher Arne Næss and its resulting Deep Ecology relevant today? The central maxims: ‘Live a rich life with simple means’ and ‘Self-realizing for all beings’, are interpreted and corroborated. Næss’s ecosophy builds upon gestalt thinking and spontaneous experiences. In particular, the paper deconstructs point seven in the Deep Ecological Platform, which states that “The ideological change is mainly that of appreciating life quality (dwelling in situations of inherent value) rather than adhering to an increasingly higher standard of living. There will be a profound awareness of the difference between big and great”. The paper draws on Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen as the inspirational source of the degrowth movement, and on the Norwegian philosopher Arne Johan Vetlesen to understand the separation of man and nature that occurred during the Enlightenment, and it presents case studies of alternative economic models from Bhutan and Thailand. The conclusion is that Deep Ecological reasoning is not an ecotopia, but should be seen as an important source of inspiration and challenge to the prevalent consumer culture in affluent countries.
Life is a battlefield: Conceptualizations of life among Hungarian Adults
Authors: Benczes Réka , Ságvári Bence
Published: December 2018

This study attempts to investigate how Hungarians think about life. By applying a nationwide representative survey of Hungarian adults, we wished to answer the following two research questions: a) what are the major metaphorical conceptualizations of life among Hungarians?; and b) what factors, such as socio-economic status and basic value orientations, might influence the prevalence for the metaphors used to talk about life? Our results suggest that there are considerable generational differences: while the negative mindset (in the form of more negative metaphors) is still common within the older generation, there is a shift towards a more positive and more “American” conceptualization of life among younger people in Hungary.
CORRELATION OF MICROSATELLITE DNA MARKERS WITH GROWTH TRAITS IN STRIPED CATFISH (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus)
Authors: Marnis Huria
Published: December 2018

Marker-assisted selection in genetic improvement of striped catfish is useful in the breeding program of the fish. Five microsatellite markers were characterized in the largest (4.03 kg ± 1.67 kg) and smallest (1.41 kg ± 0.22 kg) individuals. Five polymorphic loci were then used to genotype 160 individuals and the associations between their genotypes and growth traits were examined. The result showed that twenty-seven alleles were detected in striped catfish. The number of alleles per locus (NA) ranged from 4 to 7, with an average of 5.4 alleles per locus. The effective number of alleles per locus (NE) ranged from 3.940 to 6.939, with an average of 5.32 alleles per locus. HO and HE ranged from 0.125 to 0.944 (mean value of 0.472) and from 0.564 to 0.775 (mean value of 0.697), respectively. PIC ranged from 0.573 to 0.799 (mean value of 0.706), showing that they were highly polymorphic loci. Only one microsatellites loci (Pg13) that showed significant differences (P<0.01) in the associations between their genotypes and growth traits, while Pg3 and Pg14 were significantly associated with the standard length (P<0.01) and body weight (P<0.05). However, the Pg1 and Pg2 were not significantly associated with the body weight and standard length. Four genotypes of three loci were positively correlated with the growth traits (body weight and standard length) i.e. genotypes 194/194 for Pg3, 227/227 and 229/229 for Pg13, 279/279 for Pg14. These four genotypes can be used to identify growth traits in the molecular marker-based selection of a breeding program.
PENGARUH FREKUENSI PEMBERIAN Moina sp. SEBAGAI PAKAN AWAL PADA PEMELIHARAAN LARVA IKAN GABUS Channa striata DENGAN SISTEM AIR HIJAU
Authors: Saputra Adang , Jusadi Dedi , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Supriyono Eddy , Sunarno Mas Tri Djoko
Published: December 2018

Ikan gabus Channa striata merupakan salah satu komoditas ikan air tawar yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Kendala dalam pengembangan budidaya ikan gabus adalah tingginya tingkat kematian pada stadia pemeliharaan larva. Tingginya kematian pada stadia larva karena kecukupan jumlah pakan dan nutrisi pakan awal yang tidak optimum. Tujuan percobaan adalah menentukan frekuensi pemberian Moina sp. yang tepat sebagai pakan awal pada pemeliharaan larva ikan gabus pada sistem air hijau (dengan menambahkan Chlorella sp.). Penelitian dirancang dengan rancangan acak lengkap. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah frekuensi pemberian Moina sp. per hari sebagai pakan awal: A. enam kali tanpa pemberian Chlorella sp. (kontrol), B. enam kali + Chlorella sp., C. empat kali + Chlorella sp., dan D. dua kali + Chlorella sp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pakan awal dari jenis Moina sp. pada pemeliharan larva ikan gabus pada sistem air hijau dengan frekuensi pemberian dua, empat, dan enam kali dalam sehari memberikan performa sintasan (93,42%-94,29%) dan pertumbuhan tidak berbeda secara nyata (P>0,05). Frekuensi pemberian Moina sp. sebanyak dua kali sehari merupakan perlakuan yang efektif untuk sintasan dan pertumbuhan larva ikan gabus pada pemeliharaan dengan sistem air hijau.Snakehead fish Channa striata is one of the highly-valued freshwater fish commodity. However, its aquaculture development is hampered by a high mortality during larval stage rearing. This high mortality is suspected to be caused by insufficient quantity and quality of food. The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate feeding frequency using Moina sp. as an initial food for snakehead fish larvae reared in a green water system (Chlorella sp.). A completely randomized design was arranged for this experiment where the treatments consisted of different feeding frequencies of Moina sp. given to the larvae as follows: A) six times a day without the addition of Chlorella sp. (control); B) six times a day with the addition of Chlorella sp.; C) four times a day with the addition of Chlorella sp.; and D) two times a day with the addition of Chlorella sp. The results of the experiment showed that the survival rate (93.42%- 94.29%) and growth of the larvae reared in the green water system with were not significantly different (P>0.05). However, this study suggested that feeding frequency of two times per day was sufficient to support an optimum growth and survival of snakehead larvae reared in a green water system.
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN CIPLUKAN (Physalis angulata L.) TERHADAP SISTEM KEKEBALAN TUBUH IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Octarina Yusrika , Prasetiyono Eva , Febrianti Dwi , Robin Robin
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak daun ciplukan (Physalis angulata) sebagai imunostimulan dalam meningkatkan jumlah leukosit dan aktivitas fagositosis pada ikan nila. Ikan nila yang digunakan berukuran panjang 10-12 cm dan bobot 70-90 g. Ikan tersebut diperoleh dari pembudidaya ikan nila di Desa Riding Panjang Kecamatan Merawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap tunggal. Rancangan ini terdiri atas lima perlakuan (P), yaitu P1= kontrol positif (penyuntikkan dengan larutan fisiologis), P2= 4% (v/v) (1 mL ekstrak + 24 mL akuades), P3= 8% (v/v) (2 mL ekstrak + 23 mL akuades), P4= 12% (v/v) (3 mL ekstrak + 22 mL akuades) dan P5= kontrol negatif (tanpa penyuntikan). Ekstrak ciplukan diinjeksikan sebanyak 0,1 mL pada setiap ekor ikan secara intra-muskular. Indikator imun yang diamati adalah jumlah total leukosit dan aktivitas fagositosis. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA). Hasil yang menunjukkan pengaruh antara perlakuan, selanjutnya dianalis dengan uji wilayah berganda duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak ciplukan dapat meningkatkan jumlah leukosit dan aktivitas fagositosis. Dosis terbaik dalam meningkatkan respon imun adalah dosis ekstrak P4= 12% (v/v) ekstrak dengan jumlah total leukosit (12,43 x 108 sel/mL) dan aktivitas fagositosis (46,67%).The aim of this research was to determined the effectivity of the extract Physalis angulata as immunostimulant on the amount of total leucocyte count and phagocytosis activity of nile tilapia. The tested fishes were nile tilapia with size of, 10-12 cm in total length, and 70-90 g in weight. The fish were obtained from fish farmers in Riding Panjang village Merawang Sub District. The research was designed in single completely randomized design. There were five levels of treatment (P), with P= positive control (injected with physiological solution), P2= 4% (v/v) (1 mL extract + 24 mL aquadest), P3= 8% (v/v) (2 mL extract + 23 mL aquadest), P4= 12% (v/v) (3 mL extract + 22 mL aquadest) and P5= negative control (without injection). The extract Physalis angulata L. was injected intramuscularly at a dose of 0.1 mL per fish. The immune indicators observed were total leucocyte count and phagocytosis activity). Data analyzed by using analysis of variant (Anova). if there were any significant different between the treatment, analysis continued by duncan”s multiple range test. The results of the research showed that the extract could increase the amount of total leucocyte count and phagocytosis activity. The ciplukan leaves at a dose of 12% (v/v) were the most effective dose in enhancing total leucocyte (12.43 x 108 cell/mL) and phagocytosis activity (46.67%).
CHARACTERISTIC OF SALEH BAY COASTLINE
Authors: Yulius Yulius , Ramdhan Muhammad , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah
Published: December 2018

Indonesia is an archipelagic country with numbers of natural resources including bays. As a closed estuary, bay has a strategic role as one of the ecological resources and environmental services. Saleh Bay is an outstanding bay of West Nusa Tenggara province which is situated between Sumbawa regency and Dompu regency. The study aimed to explain the criteria for the determination of a bay based on UNCLOS and bathymetry system by using Geographic Information System (GIS). The results of the identification indicated that the Ocean Map issued by Dishidros had not entirely referred to the criteria of UNCLOS in determining an area as a bay, in which an indentation is regarded as a bay if its total area is larger than the area of t he semi-circle whose diameter is a line drawn across the mouth of that indentation. Subsequently, spatial analysis found out that the depth of the waters in Saleh Bay can be classified into eleven classes, which are: (1) 0 – 10 meter with area of 294.27 km2, (2) 10 - 20 meter with area of 205.45 km2, (3) 20 - 30 meter with area of 259.45 km2, (4) 30 - 40 meter with area of 146.25 km2, (5) 40 - 50 meter with area of 137,83 km2, (6) 50 - 60 meter with area of 148.19 km2, (7) 75 - 100 meter with area of 57.08 km2, (8) 100 - 150 meter with area of 73.78 km2, (9) 150 - 200 meter with area of 109.46 km2, (10) 200 - 300 meter with area of 533.42 km2 , and(11) >300 meter with area of 134.89 km2.
Applied Aspects of Ranking Algorithms for Oriented Weighted Graphs (on The Example of Social Network Graphs)
Authors: Pechenkin Vitaly , Korolev Mikhail , Dimitrov Lyubomir
Published: December 2018

The article deals with the applied aspects of the preliminary vertices ranking for oriented weighted graph. In this paper, the authors observed the widespread use of this technique in developing heuristic discrete optimization algorithms. The ranking problem is directly related to the problem of social networks centrality and large real world data sets but as shown in the article ranking is explicitly or implicitly used in the development of algorithms as the initial stage of obtaining a solution for solving applied problems. Examples of such ranking application are given. The examples demonstrate the increase of efficiency for solving some optimization applied problems, which are widely used in mathematical methods of optimization, decision-making not only from the theoretical development point of view but also their applications. The article describes the structure of the first phase of the computational experiment, which is associated with the procedure of obtaining test data sets. The obtained data are presented by weighted graphs that correspond to several groups of the social network Vkontakte with the number of participants in the range from 9000 to 24 thousand. It is shown that the structural characteristics of the obtained graphs differ significantly in the number of connectivity components. Characteristics of centrality (degree's sequences), as shown, have exponential distribution. The main attention is given to the analysis of three approaches to graph vertices ranking. We propose analysis and comparison of the obtained set of ranks by the nature of their distribution. The definition of convergence for graph vertex ranking algorithms is introduced and the differences of their use in considering the data of large dimension and the need to build a solution in the presence of local changes are discussed.