bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Collective Skill Formation Systems Adapt to a Knowledge Economy
Authors: Emmenegger Patrick , Bonoli Giuliano
Published: October 2022

Collective skill formation systems remain attractive in the knowledge economy. However, these systems are heavily dependent on the capacity of actors to cooperate, which in turn depends on their ability to find win-win solutions to the challenges these systems confront. This concluding chapter discusses five main themes that help to understand how collective skill formation systems adapt to a knowledge economy. First, one constant preoccupation of employers is to keep dual training attractive for talented youths and avoid academic drift. This is clearly visible in their support for measures aiming to protect the value of VET degrees, to improve permeability of the overall education system, and to develop new hybrid forms of training that combine academic and vocational training. Second, in some countries, there are attempts to upskill collective skill formation systems. Such measures include investments in post-secondary VET or new forms of cooperation between firm-based training and higher-education institutions. Third, employers’ attachment to collective skill formation remains strong, but they increasingly experience problems in acting collectively, which fuels segmentalist tendencies. Fourth, over recent decades, states have developed a multitude of measures to make collective skill formation systems more inclusive. These measures tend to be external to the collective skill formation system and are rarely intrusive with regard to the role played by employers. Fifth, states put pressure on collective skill formation systems to make them more inclusive, which often—but not always—creates considerable frictions, especially if inclusion measures risk undermining the perceived quality of training.
Enabling Ambivalence
Authors: Day Abby
Published: October 2022

Parents of Baby Boomers encouraged their church attendance—but only to a point. The Baby Boomers are the last generation to have been routinely christened and sent or taken to mainstream, Anglican churches. While their parents dutifully fulfilled that obligation, they did not try particularly hard when the young Boomers began to resist. That break in generational habit had consequences, because it is hard to sustain religiosity across time. Conversations with the Boomers revealed memories of mothers often being quietly accepting of what seemed to be a turn from the habits of church attendance. The reasons for that related to wider cultural trends towards female equality and secularity.
When Is Migration Voluntary?
Authors: Ottonelli Valeria , Torresi Tiziana
Published: October 2022

This chapter sets four crucial conditions for migration to count as voluntary: non-coercion, sufficiency, information, and exit options. The discussion of these criteria is meant to disentangle the notions of voluntary and non-voluntary migration from some normative assumptions that often sway their definition and is based on the fundamental methodological commitment to treat migrants by the same standards of agency and voluntariness that are applied to non-migrants. Notably, we should not let the mere fact that migrants’ plans take place in a context of injustice draw us to misrecognize their voluntary nature and the agency of the migrants involved. This discussion allows us to see that although much migration in the world can surely be recognized as forced and non-voluntary, many migration plans, including many temporary migration projects, are in fact voluntary.
Allegiance and Political Rights
Authors: Ottonelli Valeria , Torresi Tiziana
Published: October 2022

This chapter discusses the political rights of temporary migrants who aim to return and their relation with the political institutions of the receiving states. This relation, though transient and temporary, generates genuine obligations of reciprocity on both sides and a duty of receiving states to recognize and accommodate temporary migrants’ plans and goals. However, the liberal principle of accommodation requires a special treatment for those who engage in temporary migration projects, by mandating the creation of venues for political participation and voice that are congenial to their specific life plans. This means that voting rights in national elections, which are quintessential to full membership in the receiving society, can be inadequate as a form of protection and political empowerment of this specific group of migrants. As an alternative, institutional reforms should be sought to enhance the participation of temporary migrants through labour unions and migrants’ associations.
Introduction
Authors: Codogno Lorenzo , Galli Giampaolo
Published: October 2022

Failure to deliver on growth and prosperity can happen when, for some reason, a large number of actors in a relatively affluent society are no longer willing to go through the efforts and sacrifices that have made it possible to achieve well-being. Instead, they look for other supposedly more accessible means to reach further prosperity. The demand for more state subsidies or intervention tends to substitute for hard work, ingenuity, entrepreneurship, risk-taking, in a word, the merit of large masses of people. Ideas and practices have spread, especially since the late 1960s, which have frustrated competition between companies and people in the name of a misunderstood concept of egalitarianism. Italy has moved from the right idea that there should be solidarity, to a practice that ends up punishing rather than rewarding the merit and creativity of individuals and communities. Complex historical vicissitudes result in connections being more important than merit in many key aspects of society and the economy, such as schools, universities, public administration, the judiciary, and even the corporate world. This has become a major obstacle to economic recovery.
Italy’s decline: stylised facts
Authors: Codogno Lorenzo , Galli Giampaolo
Published: October 2022

It may seem an exaggeration, but Italy has been in a semi-permanent state of crisis for half a century. It recorded periods of high growth in the 1970s and 1980s. But documents of the time clearly show a widespread perception, both in the country and abroad, that Italy was an anomaly among advanced nations. The problem shows up quite clearly in total factor productivity, which expresses the portion of growth in output that is not explained by inputs of labour and capital used in production. It hence reflects technological progress and innovation and is also related to the organisational efficiency of companies and public institutions. In Italy, total factor productivity increased substantially in the three decades after the war but stagnated and even fell somewhat from the 1970s. However, in other major countries, it continued to rise, at least until recently. The implication is that there was a lack of innovation even in the 1970s and 1980s. And growth was obtained somewhat artificially through policy measures that pushed aggregate demand above the economy’s growth potential. This meant essentially high deficits, continuous currency devaluation in the 1970s, and burgeoning public debt in the 1980s.
Legacies of a troubled history
Authors: Codogno Lorenzo , Galli Giampaolo
Published: October 2022

The level of social capital of a country is usually attributed to historical vicissitudes. It is a legacy of many centuries of history. The low level observed in Italy is hard to explain without appealing to a long history of foreign domination. It has made it challenging to create a strong feeling of national identity and has generated distance between the elite and the bulk of the population. However, the question is whether a country can get rid of such a negative historical legacy. Is such legacy a condemnation for ever? The answer is quite obviously no. History has forged a country in a particular way and has left a negative legacy. In the same way, a different path of history can change that legacy. Meritocracy may play a role in changing the course for the better. All the items that penalise Italy from the point of view of social capital have to do with confidence in parts of the country’s elite: banks, politicians, government, judges. Quite clearly, such a low degree of trust cannot depend only on history. It must also be a function of how competent the country’s leadership is and whether it is perceived to pursue the general interest rather than its own. The first factor is connected with meritocracy. The various components of a country’s leadership will be competent only if selected according to meritocratic criteria.
Lobbies in government
Authors: Codogno Lorenzo , Galli Giampaolo
Published: October 2022

The combination of a poor legacy in terms of social capital and low meritocratic legitimacy of the elites is at the root of an inefficient political system and inefficient public administration. Moreover, the political system is unstable. Governments last on average about one year, and no one has succeeded in improving the situation through electoral or constitutional reform. In addition, the transition of power has not always been smooth because political parties are interested in demonising each other to gain votes. This has been the story of the past thirty years, with two opposite camps, pro and against Berlusconi first, and then pro- and anti-establishment. Meanwhile, citizens and firms have to fight day by day with very inefficient public administration and one of the slowest judicial systems in the world.
Lobbies in education
Authors: Codogno Lorenzo , Galli Giampaolo
Published: October 2022

There are still several types of high school in Italy. Students from low-income families are likely to attend technical schools, which are supposed to prepare students for lower-income technical jobs. Why is this the case? Why is an egalitarian society so far away from equal opportunities for all, regardless of family background? To answer this question, we must acknowledge the simple truth that egalitarianism, as practised in Italy, is the opposite of the concept of equal opportunities. The pursuit of equal opportunities in a modern society requires that virtually the entire population has the opportunity to enrol in tertiary education. Instead, the education system is the result of the other major force that shaped Italian institutions: lack of meritocracy as a means of self-preservation for a conservative elite. For this same false egalitarian culture, no one has ever succeeded in creating top-level universities where only the best students and best scholars can have access. If there are top-level universities, there must also be universities that are not top. However, in the current prevailing culture, not only among many students and professors but also in political establishments, all universities should be equal.
Egalitarianism and labour
Authors: Codogno Lorenzo , Galli Giampaolo
Published: October 2022

A powerful egalitarian drive—the opposite of meritocracy—has guided trade unions’ action. Nationwide collective contracts in each sector account for the bulk of the average wage and do not allow for differentiation in line with productivity developments in companies or territories. Specific company-level contracts are not used, except for a few medium- to large companies, usually accounting for a relatively small proportion of overall wages. In practice, they can only add to national contracts and never derogate from them. Whether national or local, collective agreements do not only fix a minimum wage, but they fix wages for all categories of workers, whether blue or white collared. Various laws introduced over the past two decades have provided fiscal incentives to firms and workers who agreed to set up company-level contracts to increase productivity instead of relying on national contracts. The results have been disappointing so far, and the proportion of productivity-related add-ons is relatively tiny. All this has critical implications. Companies have few margins with which to legally reward the more productive workers and almost no possibility of punishing unproductive workers. And there is no relation between wages and productivity across regions of Italy, which is one of the causes of high unemployment in the South because both productivity and the cost of living are lower in that area. In addition, trade unions have always tried to protect the worker on the job instead of in the market; skilling, reskilling, and active labour market policies have been neglected.
Summing up on Italy
Authors: Codogno Lorenzo , Galli Giampaolo
Published: October 2022

Early this century, Italy and Germany were labelled ‘the two sick nations’ of the advanced world because of their low growth. Both tried to deal with such a situation with reforms. Italy started introducing reforms in the early 1990s, and never stopped trying. However, more than thirty years of attempted reforms did not produce the expected results. According to the prevailing narrative, Germany made a new beginning after the round of reforms enacted from 2003 to 2005. Maybe the government made it clear that the nation was in a corner, calling for a robust boost to competitiveness. At any rate, the consequence was a long period of wage moderation, which gave Germany a solid competitive edge in exports and import-competing sectors. In today’s Italy, the tragedy of Covid-19 may be conducive to making Italians more aware of the importance of helping themselves, taking risks, and creating new activities. There may be similarities with the entrepreneurial spirit and reward for merit that animated the country in the first two decades after the war. After all, Italy is still the second industrial country in Europe. It has a group of small multinationals that have managed to withstand the challenges of international markets and thrive. And maybe the new apparently calm and constructive political climate around Mario Draghi might help make the reforms needed to create the right incentives for a genuinely new beginning. But, for now, it is just hope.
Lessons
Authors: Codogno Lorenzo , Galli Giampaolo
Published: October 2022

The book’s main take is that meritocracy is fundamental to economic prosperity, especially when a country needs to switch from imitation-led growth to endogenous frontier growth: ‘No Silicon Valley without Stanford University’. It is challenging for a country without excellent research to change from imitation to endogenous frontier innovation. The book shows how and why meritocracy was left out of Italian universities in favour of a semi-feudal system based on personal loyalty to the ‘barons’ who dominate the field. According to the anti-meritocratic egalitarian culture that has prevailed since the 1970s, money should not reward the best departments but help the laggard to catch up. To the critics of meritocracy, the book points out that there is more social mobility in the USA than in Italy: the offspring of a family in which neither parent has attained a high-school degree has a 6 per cent probability of obtaining a university degree, one of the lowest in the OECD. Instead, they have a 64 per cent probability of attaining only a lower secondary degree or less; this number is a record, in the sense that it is the highest in the OECD, except for Turkey. In the USA, the equivalent numbers are 13 per cent (more than twice as much as Italy) and 28 per cent (less than half as much as Italy). In light of these numbers, it is difficult to argue that Ivy League-plus universities are the killer of equal opportunity. On the contrary, they are likely to contribute to equal opportunities.
Geographical Imaginations
Authors: Acharya Indranil , Panda Ujjwal Kumar
Published: October 2022

Matters of space, spatiality, geography, topography, and place have mostly remained neglected in modern scholarship and teaching because in most modern and postmodern literary criticism history and temporality have been dominating discourses. But in recent criticism, the ‘when’ and ‘what’ of literature yield place to ‘where’ as Michel Foucault declared the present time as ‘the epoch of space’. Literature reflects a spirit of place and a sense of place because place is known and given meaning when it is felt and closely experienced by human beings living in it. This humanistic geographical emphasis on human experience of place opens up the possibility of an interdisciplinary study of literature of geography. Literature creates and recreates geography in its own way and there are many ways of looking at literary representation of space and place. The book is meant to offer a good introduction to those divergent ways in which place, topography, and geography evince themselves in literature.
Literature’s Nonplaces
Authors: Acharya Indranil , Panda Ujjwal Kumar
Published: October 2022

Although literary place criticism since the 1970s tends to envisage literature as a platform where places find an altogether new dimension being invested with new meaning given by human experience of it, we cannot deny the immense variety of literary geography that ventures beyond the human habitat and its obvious social, cultural, and political connotations. From a very ancient time, literary imagination creates and recreates places that are not real but can only be thought of. A space without human experience attached to it cannot be called a place. But such places are found in plenty in literature. These are often known as ‘nonplaces’ in the terminology of spatial humanities. The chapter attempts to look at different nonplaces that appear in literature and seeks to locate the ways in which it recreates known geography into something unfamiliar.
Geography of Exclusion
Authors: Acharya Indranil , Panda Ujjwal Kumar
Published: October 2022

The dialectical relationship between geographical core and periphery has been a focal point of literature down the ages. This core–periphery dichotomy became a major theme in postcolonial literature and several peripheral literary works belonging to the literal geographical margins of the world as well as society. With a detailed discussion of how literature addresses the life and culture of a geographical margin particularly in postcolonial texts and indigenous writings, the chapter tries to locate the ways in which a literary text gives vent to a geographical margin. It also attempts to describe how spatial segregation often leads to inhuman humiliation of the dispossessed. The discussion, from this point of view, tries to destabilize the core–periphery equation.
The Nehruvian Ideal
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

Around 1958 Nehru came to Sagar, to lay foundation of the Library of the University. There was huge excitement. All roads of our town were improved and we all lined up on them to see, greet and cheer him up. But before that in 1950, sometime in early January the first President designate of India came to Sagar to deliver the convocation address at the university. Interestingly he was staying in the circuit house which was close to our house. Vajpeyi’s father was a University official and he was assigned the duty of looking after Dr. Rajendra Prasad. The day the Convocation was to take place, Vajpeyi’s father was going to the circuit house, he took his son along. Just a young 9-year-old boy, Vajpeyi could not have gone to the Convocation to look at the first President of India.
Living with a Poetic Tradition
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

As Vajpeyi says in this chapter: I don’t know what a ‘typical Indian poet’ would mean. Firstly, I do not belong to those generations and there are some of them in India, who can be called disinherited generations. That is to say that they have gone into modernism in such a manner that they seem to have lost all memory of their own heritage. I have consciously avoided doing that because I do not think it is possible for a truly Indian poet to disinherit this rich heritage and face the modern dilemmas and modern experiences imaginatively and sensitively. In the Indian tradition there has always been a possibility to change within tradition. It is not like the binary created largely in the West where tradition and change are pitched against each other. In our case the change takes place within tradition. I belong to that trend where my memories, linguistic, racial, of metaphors and images and symbols of the tradition are still very eminently usable to describe, explore, enact whatever may be the so-called modern experience. For me poetry is also a civilizational matter
Levels of Consciousness
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

Vajpeyi has always believed in plurality. Plurality of structures, plurality of language, and plurality of even consciousness. You cannot possibly operate merely at one consistent continuous consciousness. In any case, it would continually get disrupted, subverted, added to by other forms of consciousness. And somehow, poetry must be able to resonate this. And, therefore, I have tried in some ways to take one idea and explore it in many ways. For instance, I have written a lot many poems about death, of specific persons but also death, absence in general. There was a duet of poems, one says that after death, there would be nothing, it would be the final end, which is a very modern belief. On the other hand, there is the other belief that there is another life, that you are born again and that is the other poem. And between the poems, I have not taken a position on whether this is desirable or this is not desirable, or this is true or this is not true. As a poet, it is not for me to judge. I am having both these levels of consciousness.
Painter and Poets
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

Poetry does not merely exist in poetry, it is also used in paintings. So it assumes a different dimension. It is not exactly a parallel to calligraphy. There is calligraphy in China, in Japan, in Korea, which again is not because of any religious requirement, but because these languages have chosen scripts which are less of script and more of ideograms. More of little pictures, more of visual pictures of words. So there is the other kind of calligraphy. It does not have any particular religious meaning or any religious obligation under which they have evolved calligraphy.
Tradition and Innovation
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

In literature or visual arts, classical or no classical, the number of people who are interested in these things is limited. Democracy, unfortunately, levels everything. The claims of popularity are forever pitched against the claims of significance. Importance of complexity in a certain sense is marginalized. The popular becomes accessible. Even the classical music is also sometimes tempted to do that. After all, the classical is music through sound and film and other forms of music are also music through sound. In India, tradition and change have never been seen as a binary. In India change is located within tradition rather than outside tradition, seldom separately.
Qawwali and the Art of Devotional Singing
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

In Qawwali, there is the given structure and there is this freedom or licence you can grab to add to the given composition. They call it ‘girah lagaana’, you are using the same structure and yet in between you can deviate, bring something from elsewhere and go on. This is freedom and this is an instance of individual freedom that you can choose from elsewhere. The verse is given but within the given verse you can interpolate other verses of your choice, and you are free to do that. This is acceptable. This is very much a tradition in Qawwali.
Poet as a Dissenter
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

Indianness itself is such a pluralistic phenomenon as I have tried to argue in my Introduction to ‘Indian Dissents’ that dissent is almost inevitably woven into the Indian fabric, whether it is dissent from the state or dissent from tradition, from faith or belief or values. So dissent is nothing new. Except in our understanding of it and our initiation into some aspects of Indian tradition, we seem to have ignored this plurality, the plurality of dissent itself. And of existence. For instance, in the normal Indian tradition, a person who is concerned with spiritual issues will inevitably be involved with religion.
The Last Man on Earth
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

Vajpeyi would still prefer to be born as a poet in hopefully much better circumstances where poetry matters and poets matter. But even if they don’t, he is quite willing to accept his marginality as a category of people but he would certainly like to be reborn as a poet. Because being reborn as a poet can mean the opportunity also to be a musician, a painter, within the world of words that he can fabricate.
The Enlightened ‘Employee Unions’
Authors: Pachpande Sandeep , Pachpande Asha , Kulkarni J A
Published: October 2022

The IT implosion in all aspects of business management also has demanded appropriate levels of education and training in the skills required at all levels of an organization. Today everyone from the gate security to the salesmen is required to be computer literate to be able to manage their day-to-day organizational roles. Every workman (sorry, they need to be addressed as ‘Associates’) in today’s situation needs to be able to handle operations which are in majority of cases computer-controlled. In general this has led to an overall improvement of the educational levels at all business processes and also in understanding, the parameters which decide the business survival.
Transfer Pricing in Cross Border Taxation
Authors: Pachpande Sandeep , Pachpande Asha , Kulkarni J A
Published: October 2022

LG India is a subsidiary company of LG Electronics Korea, which had incurred advertisement, marketing, and sales promotion expenditure on behalf of LG Electronics Income Tax. However the Transfer Pricing Officer (TPO) of the income tax department came up with a view that the said company had carried out foreign brand promotion in India for which it must have charged for such services to its foreign entity. And thus came up with a formula of cost plus 13% markup profit to determine the service price that LG should have charged to its foreign entity and pay income tax on such profits gained.
Tata Motors—The Indian Auto Giant
Authors: Pachpande Sandeep , Pachpande Asha , Kulkarni J A
Published: October 2022

This case tries to understand and analyse the marketing strategy adopted by TAMO (Tata Motors Ltd) for Tiago (Brand name of a Passenger Car from Tata Motors Stable). The practice of segmenting, targeting, and positioning of products with right choice of channels to reach out to the targeted segment is used by TAMO to strengthen the market position of their other products. The case highlights how the designers at TAMO used various platforms for developing car models right from traditional clay miniatures to life-size models to digitization of final shapes before finalizing the machining facilities. The great success behind TAMO designs is considering the role and mindset of female buyers as well as drivers which they focus more. This case study gives us insight about how TAMO turned the wheels of fortune and re-imagined the way we look at cars!
‘Beating a Dead Horse’
Authors: Pachpande Sandeep , Pachpande Asha , Kulkarni J A
Published: October 2022

Despite popular airlines suffering through the crippling debts, it is said that the market will boom in the coming years. The major problems suffered by the aviation industry lies in the fact that they are chasing to acquire market share and not profits. The airline has suffered years together because of its status as a public limited organization as the case of majority of the public sector undertakings in India. Lack of business attitude and aptitude dig the grave of the public sector undertaking. Air India (now taken over by the Tata Group in India) is a standing example of attempted revival strategies adopted by different governments basically due to indifference towards fast changing aviation sector scenario across the globe and lack of determination and courage to disturb the airlines which was once a national carrier and first preference of many fliers in India and abroad. Now that the current government has finally handed over the ailing airlines to a major Industrial Group known for its ability to revive sick and nearly sunk set ups back to health and normalcy. It is a wait and watch situation for now.
Indian Business Case Studies Volume II
Authors: Pawar V P , Kunte Bhagyashree , Tumuluri Srinivas
Published: October 2022

Case Volume II—Indian Business Case Studies is a unique blend of Business Case Studies on Indian businesses focusing on current business and economics influencing the entire business scenario. The cluster of uniquely designed and developed case studies in this volume are best suited to all aspects taught in global business schools in both UG and PG levels and business consultancy in management development projects. The expanse of the case studies in this volume covers unique issues in human resources management, financial management issues in business in all possible segments from project financing to investments, cashflow management, banking and taxation, and non-banking sectors. The three sections cover specific case studies in human resources finance management and marketing and strategic business management issues. The cases are also from relevant and current business issues such that the readers can very well correlate their search with case issues which offer the best tools for concept clarification from theoretical studies at UG and PG levels. Since there are few field search case studies (live case studies) the students and faculty can visit or refer to published data to analyse and resolve case issues. The scope of subjects of case studies is so large and relevant that they are of interest to students and faculty from any specialization and the case studies being multidisciplinary provide business sense and approach to real-life issues in business more specifically in the Indian context.
Turmoil in the Banking Landscape
Authors: Pawar V P , Kunte Bhagyashree , Tumuluri Srinivas
Published: October 2022

The Indian banking system was initially thought to be insulated from the global financial crisis owing to heavy public ownership and cautious management. It was thus a surprise when some banks experienced deposit flight, as depositors shifted their money to government-owned banks and specifically towards the State Bank of India, the largest public bank. While there was some tendency for depositors to favour healthier banks and banks with more stable funding, the reallocation of deposits towards the State Bank of India cannot be explained by these factors alone. Rather it appears that the implicit government guarantee of the liabilities of the country’s largest public bank dominated other considerations.
Who Created the Mess?
Authors: Pawar V P , Kunte Bhagyashree , Tumuluri Srinivas
Published: October 2022

Electrical power vehicles are the new alternative to the traditional fuel like petrol, diesel, etc. Most of the major cities in India are facing a problem of pollution due to emissions from vehicles. Specifically the metros like Delhi, Bangalore are already has recorded the highest polluted city. The demands of automobile vehicles are growing day by day. There are many reasons for it. The household income per capita is increased, intense competition ended with economic selling pricing, small segment budgeted luxury cars are available, etc. It gives boost to the automobile industry. This sector contributes largely to India’s GDP and also in terms of employment generation.
The Pains of Separation
Authors: Pawar V P , Kunte Bhagyashree , Tumuluri Srinivas
Published: October 2022

One of the more visible signs of organizational restructuring is that many firms have become flatter on the organizational chart. In search of efficiencies, some of them have removed entire layers of management to speed up communication and reduce headcount. So far so good. But what often ends up roiling the water is the prospect of employee redundancy (HP, which is headed for a split, may cut around 55,000 jobs globally), redeployments, and job separation as a company gets into the restructuring mode. A review of literature on spin-offs and demergers seems to suggest that a split in business can be organizationally disruptive as it can cause stress and broken bonds between employees who feel vulnerable and not in control of their careers. Given this, experts suggest corporate leaders must ask some fundamental questions before embarking on a demerger exercise: How can the company work to minimize the human impact of a demerger while remaining competitive? Indeed, how does the psychological contract between the worker and the employer change post a split? Above all, how can the workforce be motivated to perform better after the split? It must be understood that regardless of whether an organization conceptualizes and designates its spin-off as re-engineering or reorganization of business, the adoption and implementation of workforce reorientation strategies will inexorably produce considerable financial, organizational, and emotional effects. While some such outcomes can be anticipated and are tangible, others have unexpected, long-term consequences that are difficult to measure.
Tata Group’s Succession Saga
Authors: Kanore Lalit , Masatkar Priti
Published: October 2022

This case study is suitable to introduce the concept of succession planning and its significance. Succession planning is a process for identifying and developing new leaders, who can replace old leaders when they leave, retire, or die. History shows the need for proper succession planning as many companies opted for the comeback of their renowned leader. Back in 1997, Apple brought back founder Steve Jobs when the company was in trouble. Howard Shultz, who left Starbucks in 1986 to start his own chain of expresso bars, was back not once but twice. Narayana Murthy was back at Infosys when things were not rosy with the IT bellwether. Ratan Tata handed over the baton to Cyrus Mistry and returned four years later in 2016. This case study discusses the succession planning of Tata Group after the retirement of Ratan Tata in the year 2012 and his comeback in the year 2016.
Tactics in Talent Management
Authors: Kanore Lalit , Masatkar Priti
Published: October 2022

The pharmaceutical industry in India had experienced phenomenal growth, especially since 2005. The industry had grown at a rate of 14% CAGR in 2005–2010, which was a significant increase over the 9% growth witnessed by the industry between 2000 and 2005. Global management consultants, McKinsey & Co., had predicted that the Indian pharmaceutical market would grow to $55 billion in 2020 (from $21.6 billion in 2009). According to Palash Mitra, Partner at McKinsey & Co., and Leader of the Pharmaceuticals & Medical Products Practice in India, ‘The scale and complexity of the market is increasing as India is moving towards the global top tier in the pharmaceutical industry.’ The pharmaceutical market in India was highly competitive and fragmented with the top 10 players accounting for 36.1% of the total sales in 2008. In the above scenario it is absolutely important that pharma companies use all possible innovative tools and approaches to talent mapping and talent retention strategies and initiatives to counter poaching of talent by competitors and new entrants.
A Case Study on Taxation in International Finance
Authors: Kanore Lalit , Masatkar Priti
Published: October 2022

LG India is a subsidiary company of LG Electronics Korea, which had incurred advertisement, marketing, and sales promotion expenditure on behalf of LG Electronics Korea. In view of this it had claimed deduction to reduce its profits in order to pay less income tax. However the transfer pricing officer (TPO) of the income tax department came up with a view that the said company had carried out foreign brand promotion in India for which it must have charged for such services to its foreign entity. And thus came up with a formula of cost plus 13% markup profit to determine the service price that LG should have charged to its foreign entity and pay income tax on such profits gained.
Power to Transform
Authors: Kanore Lalit , Masatkar Priti
Published: October 2022

Rishab Industries was established in 2002 by Mr Jagmohan Singh, a technocrat and entrepreneur as a design and manufacturing house for Magnetic Wound Components in Pune. In its journey of 17 years, Rishab Industries has emerged as a leading channel partner for designing and manufacturing of specifically made to order wound components for top manufacturers of UPS in India. Rishab Industry products are a part of its customers products exported to more than 20 countries. Rishab makes transformers and chokes from an inherent and important part of the end products viz. UPS, solar inverters, isolation cubicles, and SCVS. Core strength: Design manufacture and supply of transformers with or without covers chokes. Servo controlled voltage stabilizers, battery chargers, switch board cabinets, and panels for power controls protection under slung for industrial and infrastructural applications.
The Game Changer
Authors: Kanore Lalit , Masatkar Priti
Published: October 2022

Starbucks’ founded in 1971 in Seattle by founder, Howard Schultz, was its CEO for most of the history of Starbucks. In 2000, Howard Schultz became the chairman and chief global strategist, to overlook Starbucks’ international expansion. Shareholder unrest triggered the departure of CEO James Donald, who held the post for less than three years. Set against the backdrop of the Great Recession, the case also considers the impact of unprecedented important shifts in consumer spending and confidence as well as new competitive forces on Starbucks’ transformation. Schultz wants Starbucks to get back to basics. The case offers us an opportunity to find how Howard Schultz and team saved Starbucks from near collapse, by both executing return to its core values and at the same time, investing in a range of new products, focusing on customer experiences and organizational capabilities designed to make the company capable for achieving success in an unstable turbulent global economy.
Lenovo India
Authors: Kanore Lalit , Masatkar Priti
Published: October 2022

Lenovo is one of the world’s leading personal technology companies, producing innovative PCs and mobile internet devices. Lenovo is the world’s largest PC vendor and fourth largest smartphone company. Lenovo has grown faster than the market for more than four years because of its exceptionally engineered products are meant for those who do and its effective marketing strategy. Lenovo makes the products that customers need, whether smart connected or infrastructure devices. This case study focuses on the important marketing strategies like segmentation, targeting, positioning (STP) of Lenovo which makes them perfect. Case study will also help to understand the new challenges, paths of failures and success for Lenovo.
From Rags to Riches
Authors: Pachpande Priti , Bachhav Sham
Published: October 2022

The lack of micro-management and absence of cost management focus normally leads to long-term drain on profit margins and business loss. Sometimes more than required efforts in managing cost and avoidance of waste may lead to improved sustainability even during overall depressive scenario at marketplace. The case highlights the importance of having sound materials management policy in an organization and also the need for communication within different department dealing with similar issues and problems. The case study deals with the negative effects of mismanagement of business processes including scrap generation.
Indian Business Case Studies Volume V
Authors: Praveen Roopa , Aher Dilip , Anute Nilesh
Published: October 2022

The volume V in the collection of Indian Business Case studies have three sections consisting of amazing cases in HR, Finance, Marketing, Operations, and Strategic management. The cases are based on various sectors like automobile, airlines, banks, service industry, consumer products and durables, FMCG, and many more. The insights provided are relevant to industry large and small and span across various geographical locations. What’s have been developed after detailed study of the situation and based on facts and figure making this a go to guide for all areas of management practices. The quality of research carried out while writing these cases makes this a must have for all practitioners, academicians, and students. The case volume includes Business Case Studies designed and developed based on current business and economic scenario in India both based on published data and field search Live Case Studies. These case studies enable effective adoption to case methodology of teaching for UG and PG studies in Business Management as also best suited for management development programs in Business and Industry. These case studies offer best of opportunities and tools to be used in offline and online teaching and learning methodology especially help developing analytical skills and problem resolution techniques in the students of Business Management studies and young and aspiring business executives globally.
Leveraging China
Authors: Praveen Roopa , Aher Dilip , Anute Nilesh
Published: October 2022

The history of Micromax (2011—2012 revenue: Rs 1,978 crore), which ventured into the mobile phone market in 2008, is one of the most fascinating success stories in the Indian consumer electronics industry. In barely five years, the company has come to occupy the third position (by volume) in the mobile handset market in India and was at No. 12 globally. This case is a delight for marketing students, right from the very aggressive, pricing, sourcing, and distribution supply chain, Micromax stood out amongst other strong brands. However the strategy also provided to be a threat under other circumstances. Micromax focused on securing sound and formidable partnerships with the cheap manufacturing companies and launched rebadged handsets at an affordable price to Indian market. The case asks very probing questions on the labour situation in China and the ethical dilemma of sourcing from products from China vis—a—viz the growth of a company.
Indian Business Case Studies Volume VI
Authors: Mathur S B , Bokephode Sudhakar , Balsaraf D D
Published: October 2022

The case volume includes Business Case Studies designed and developed based on current business and economic scenarios in India both based on published data and field search live case studies. These case studies enable effective adoption to case methodology of teaching for UG and PG studies in Business Management as also best suited for Management Development programs in business and industry. These case studies offer the best of opportunities and tools to be used in offline and online teaching and learning methodology especially help developing analytical skills and problem resolution techniques in the students of business management studies and young and aspiring business executives globally. Case volume VI en masse gives you a tour de force of case study method as a tool for bringing home the various aspects of business management. Volume VI is a force to reckon with. Once you pick up this volume, its compelling real-life stories of business hold you enthralled and you cannot keep the volume down till you have devoured them completely. The binding article ‘Why focus on Indian Business Case Studies?’ is a real teaser in wanting to understand the necessity and utility of Indian Business Case Studies in every nook and corner of business management across the globe.
For the ‘Castle and the Cattle Class’
Authors: Mathur SB , Bokephode Sudhakar , Balsaraf DD
Published: October 2022

M/S Agro Industrias del Desierto Sa De CV (AIDCO) is a family managed small business in the vicinity of Ensenada in the Western Mexican state of Baja California. Mr Calle Gaudalupe and his family have been running this small but highly promising agro-based industry for more than 30 years (Estd 1983). In the initial years due to lack of market size and supply-side constraints the unit was able to maintain a lower profile and cater mainly to the local farm sector for cattle feed and similar usages. But today on account of overall growth in the economy and in particular for improved agro-products requirements, the business has got in to a catch 22 situation. Neither the existing process technology nor product range of AIDCO is capable of meeting the qualitative and cost-effective means of ensuring the business prospects. Even the cash flow situation does not support fresh investments to stay competitive. The younger generation of promoters from family Gaudalupe is determined to haul up the operations to health and competitiveness by providing the necessary push for a turnaround strategy for their long-standing family business of AIDCO.
Who Can Beat the Goliath?
Authors: Mathur SB , Bokephode Sudhakar , Balsaraf DD
Published: October 2022

With the wide market coverage Amazon is taking, its potential competitors are online, offline, and multichannel retailers, publishers, vendors, distributors, manufacturers, and producers of the products it offers and sells to consumers and businesses; competition is everywhere. This case of study includes the company’s overview; from the time it first launched as a website that only sold books to the way Jeff Bezos took it to ‘an everything store’. The Amazon’s marketing strategy is reviewed, how it takes the consumer’s experience to a new level; how all kinds of competitors are keeping up with the company and the way Amazon is managing to keep leading the retail. We will be analysing the present and future of this company besides its practices and marketing strategies, how can Amazon defend its leadership against new competitors?
Entrepreneurial Spirit and Ethics
Authors: Parab Varsha , Mahadik Ramesh , Tripathi Diksha
Published: October 2022

In 1989, when the vestiges of the license raj era still wove reams of red tape around Indian businesses, a management trainee at Godrej GE Appliances, Faridabad, office faced a dilemma. An excise tax collector wanted a Diwali ‘gift’ delivered at his residence. ‘Or else …’ The dilemma of employee for demand of government officials and the core ethics of company is the core of this case study. The case talks about history and journey of Godrej and converting into most powerful business of India.
The Generation and Technology Gap
Authors: Parab Varsha , Mahadik Ramesh , Tripathi Diksha
Published: October 2022

As the dynamics of the workplace have changed with the evolution of technology, the change in generations has also impacted the organizational fabric. Organizations today comprise three distinct generations with different mindsets, aspirations, and ethos. In India, millennials account for nearly half of the working—age population, whereas Gen Z has just made its entry. The issues arising out of multigeneration workforces become more evident and dysfunctional when one chooses to ignore. The best way to address issues is to connect with different stakeholders on a continuous basis, get a pulse, understand, and act on issues bothering them.
The Agni Pariksha
Authors: Parab Varsha , Mahadik Ramesh , Tripathi Diksha
Published: October 2022

Maruti Suzuki company has faced violent and disturbing labour unions, which have ransacked the running company, damaging property, and intimidating senior management executives through violent activities including causing physical harm. The Case Study deals with detailing out what really caused the initial breakdown of IR relations and consequent dangerous development of violent strikes by labour unions and the resolutory steps taken by the management.