bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Standalone Photovoltaic Direct Pumping in Urban Water Pressurized Networks with Energy Storage in Tanks or Batteries
Authors: Pardo Miguel Ángel , Cobacho Ricardo , Bañón Luis
Published: January 2020

Photovoltaic energy production is nowadays one of the hottest topics in the water industry as this green energy source is becoming more and more workable in countries like Spain, with high values of irradiance. In water pressurized systems supplying urban areas, they distribute energy consumption in pumps throughout the day, and it is not possible to supply electromechanical devices without energy storages such as batteries. Additionally, it is not possible to manage energy demand for water consumption. Researchers and practitioners have proven batteries to be reliable energy storage systems, and are undertaking many efforts to increase their performance, capacity, and useful life. Water pressurized networks incorporate tanks as devices used for accumulating water during low consumption hours while releasing it in peak hours. The compensation tanks work here as a mass and energy source in water pressurized networks supplied with photovoltaic arrays (not electricity grids). This work intends to compare which of these two energy storage systems are better and how to choose between them considering that these two systems involve running the network as a standalone pumping system without being connected to electricity grids. This work also calculates the intermediate results, considering both photovoltaic arrays and electricity grids for supplying electricity to pumping systems. We then analyzed these three cases in a synthetic network (used in earlier research) considering the effect of irradiation and water consumption, as we did not state which should be the most unfavorable month given that higher irradiance coincides with higher water consumption (i.e., during summer). Results show that there is no universal solution as energy consumption depends on the network features and that energy production depends very much on latitude. We based the portfolio of alternatives on investments for purchasing different equipment at present (batteries, pipelines, etc.) based on economic criteria so that the payback period is the indicator used for finding the best alternative, which is the one with the lowest value.
Toward Sustainability of South African Small-Scale Fisheries Leveraging ICT Transformation Pathways
Authors: Nthane Tsele T. , Saunders Fred , Gallardo Fernández Gloria L. , Raemaekers Serge
Published: January 2020

Though Internet and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have been employed in small-scale fisheries (SSFs) globally, they are seldom systematically explored for the ways in which they facilitate equality, democracy and sustainability. Our study explored how ICTs in South African small-scale fisheries are leveraged towards value chain upgrading, collective action and institutional sustainability—key issues that influence small-scale fishery contributions to marine resource sustainability. We held a participatory workshop as part of ongoing research in the town of Lambert’s Bay, South Africa, in collaboration with small-scale fishers and the Abalobi ICT project. We mapped fisher value chain challenges and explored the role of ICT-driven transformation pathways, adopting Wright’s ‘Real Utopian’ framework as the lens through which to explore equality, democracy and institutional sustainability. We found Abalobi’s ICT platform had the potential to facilitate deeper meanings of democracy that incorporate socio-economic reform, collective action and institutional sustainability in South Africa’s small-scale fisheries. Where fishers are not engaged beyond passive generators of data, this had the potential to undermine the goals of increasing power parity between small-scale fisheries and other stakeholders.
Incidence of a Non-Sustainability Use of Technology on Students’ Reading Performance in Pisa
Authors: Vázquez-Cano Esteban , Gómez-Galán José , Infante-Moro Alfonso , López-Meneses Eloy
Published: January 2020

This article describes an investigation that made a comparative analysis of the influence of the use of technology for non-academic activities on the reading performance of students in 21 countries within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), as measured by the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). To do this, we coded the SumIC001-008-010 variables (“Devices available at home” and “How often do you use digital devices for the following activities outside school”) in the PISA survey and quantified the effect by the proportion of variance explained of each variable in the model for each country. The results show that the reading score increases according to the variable for type and quantity of devices at home but falls drastically in all 21 countries when the “SumIC001” variable exceeds 15 points. Our research also found that the two activities that most negatively impacted reading performance if done on a regular basis were “playing online games via social networks” and “uploading your own created contents.” These results would seem to confirm that the non-sustainability and prolonged use of technology outside school is objectively negative for the development of reading competence in young people.
Sustainable Water Management: Virtual Reality Training for Open-Channel Flow Monitoring
Authors: Mirauda Domenica , Capece Nicola , Erra Ugo
Published: January 2020

The estimated population growth in the next decades will create severe scarcity of water and will have a tremendous impact on the natural environment. Both the developed and developing countries will have to face increasing challenges to match the greater demand of clean and safe water, looking for supplies far from the residential area. This situation will be furtherly exasperated by the effects of climate change which, increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme events, will reduce the availability and the quality of water resources and will subject the population to serious and ongoing hazards. In such context, an accurate and continuous monitoring of surface waters represents a fundamental step to reduce the contamination status and plan actions for a sustainable management of this resource. In the last years, the development of advanced methodologies and high-tech equipment able to lower the times and costs of the field surveys has not been associated with an appropriate training of the technical staff of public and private bodies responsible for the control of the territory. In most cases, unable to outsource highly qualified personnel due to lack of funding, such bodies tend to reduce the monitoring activities, leaving the areas even more subject to the risk of disastrous events. The present paper proposes an innovative educational tool based on the virtual reality in support to technical and non-technical workforces in field activities. The tool represents a Virtual Laboratory able to train on the standard techniques for the accurate monitoring of the water discharge in open-channel flows and was successfully tested on a sample of people from the private and public water sector. According to the results, its use increased the fieldworkers’ ability to quickly move within the river as well as to easily and correctly manage the measurement equipment and methodology, so reducing the costs and times of surveys in situ.
Enhancing University Services by Extending the eIDAS European Specification with Academic Attributes
Authors: Alonso Álvaro , Pozo Alejandro , Gordillo Aldo , López-Pernas Sonsoles , Munoz-Arcentales Andrés , Marco Lourdes , Barra Enrique
Published: January 2020

The European electronic IDentification, Authentication and trust Services (eIDAS) regulation makes available a solution to ensure the cross-border mutual recognition of electronic IDentification (eID) mechanisms among Member States. However, the basic set of attributes currently provided by each country only contains citizens’ personal and legal attributes, preventing e-services to take full advantage of citizens’ domain-specific information, such as academic or medical data. In this article, we propose an extension of the eIDAS specification to support academic attributes as part of citizens’ profiles. In addition, we present an architecture to enable the connection of eIDAS nodes to national attribute providers to enrich citizens’ profiles with additional academic attributes. We have deployed the eIDAS extension in the specific case of the Spanish eIDAS infrastructure, and we have connected it to an attribute provider of the Technical University of Madrid (UPM). We have also improved a set of institutional services of that university by enabling the connection to eIDAS and enhancing the features offered to students based on their academic profiles retrieved from the eIDAS extended infrastructure. Finally, we have evaluated the resulting services thanks to real students from two different countries, concluding that the widespread adoption of the proposed solution in the academic services of European universities will greatly improve their quality and usability.
Relativistic Gravitation Based on Symmetry
Authors: Friedman Yaakov
Published: January 2020

We present a Relativistic Newtonian Dynamics ( R N D ) for motion of objects in a gravitational field generated by a moving source. As in General Relativity ( G R ), we assume that objects move by a geodesic with respect to some metric, which is defined by the field. This metric is defined on flat lab spacetime and is derived using only symmetry, the fact that the field propagates with the speed of light, and the Newtonian limit. For a field of a single source, the influenced direction of the field at spacetime point x is defined as the direction from x to the to the position of the source at the retarded time. The metric depends only on this direction and the strength of the field at x. We show that for a static source, the R N D metric is of the same form as the Whitehead metric, and the Schwarzschild metric in Eddington–Finkelstein coordinates. Motion predicted under this model passes all classical tests of G R . Moreover, in this model, the total time for a round trip of light is as predicted by G R , but velocities of light and object and time dilation differ from the G R predictions. For example, light rays propagating toward the massive object do not slow down. The new time dilation prediction could be observed by measuring the relativistic redshift for stars near a black hole and for sungrazing comets. Terrestrial experiments to test speed of light predictions and the relativistic redshift are proposed. The R N D model is similar to Whitehead’s gravitation model for a static field, but its proposed extension to the non-static case is different. This extension uses a complex four-potential description of fields propagating with the speed of light.
A Method for the Evaluation of Site-Specific Nephrotoxic Injury in the Intact Rat Kidney
Authors: Edwards Joshua , Kowal Michael , VanDreel Aaron , Lamar Peter , Prozialeck Walter
Published: January 2020

In a previously published report we detailed an in situ method to quantify cell death in the renal cortex by perfusing the cell membrane impermeable fluorochrome, ethidium homodimer in situ. The objective of the present study was to use this in situ viability assay to examine cell death following the administration of nephrotoxic drugs known to produce cell death and/or injury in specific segments of the nephron. Male Sprague/Dawley rats were treated with the following nephrotoxicants: Gentamicin, amphotericin-B, and indomethacin. Results of the in situ viability assay indicated that gentamicin and amphotericin-B treatment caused cell death localized in the kidney cortex and medulla, respectively. The urinary biomarker kidney injury molecule—1 (Kim-1) showed significant increases in both gentamicin (20 fold increase) and amphotericin-B-treated (9.2 fold increase) animals. Urinary alpha glutathione-S-transferase (GST) showed significant increases for gentamicin (6.2 fold increase) only and mu GST for amphotericin-B-treated (19.1 fold increase) animals only. These results show that this in situ viability assay provides a sensitive method to identify cell death in different regions of the kidney. Furthermore, urinary alpha GST and mu GST are specific for proximal and distal tubule injury, respectively; urinary Kim-1 demonstrated greater sensitivity to both proximal and distal tubule injury.
A Structural Study on the Listeria Monocytogenes Internalin A—Human E-cadherin Interaction: A Molecular Tool to Investigate the Effects of Missense Mutations
Authors: Dellafiora Luca , Filipello Virginia , Dall’Asta Chiara , Finazzi Guido , Galaverna Gianni , Losio Marina Nadia
Published: January 2020

Listeria monocytogenes is a widespread foodborne pathogen of high concern and internalin A is an important virulence factor that mediates cell invasion upon the interaction with the host protein E-cadherin. Nonsense mutations of internalin A are known to reduce virulence. Although missense mutations are largely overlooked, they need to be investigated in respect to their effects in cell invasion processes. This work presented a computational workflow to early characterize internalin A missense mutations. The method reliably estimated the effects of a set of engineered missense mutations in terms of their effects on internalin A–E-cadherin interaction. Then, the effects of mutations of an internalin A variant from a L. monocytogenes isolate were calculated. Mutations showed impairing effects on complex stability providing a mechanistic explanation of the low cells invasion capacity previously observed. Overall, our results provided a rational approach to explain the effects of internalin A missense mutations. Moreover, our findings highlighted that the strength of interaction may not directly relate to the cell invasion capacity reflecting the non-exclusive role of internalin A in determining the virulence of L. monocytogenes. The workflow could be extended to other virulence factors providing a promising platform to support a better molecular understanding of L. monocytogenes epidemiology.
Risk Mapping of Influenza D Virus Occurrence in Ruminants and Swine in Togo Using a Spatial Multicriteria Decision Analysis Approach
Authors: Fusade-Boyer Maxime , Pato Pidemnéwé S. , Komlan Mathias , Dogno Koffi , Batawui Komla , Go-Maro Emilie , McKenzie Pamela , Guinat Claire , Secula Aurélie , Paul Mathilde , Webby Richard J. , Tran Annelise , Waret-Szkuta Agnès , Ducatez Mariette F.
Published: January 2020

Influenza D virus (IDV) has been identified in several continents, with serological evidence for the virus in Africa. In order to improve the sensitivity and cost–benefit of IDV surveillance in Togo, risk maps were drawn using a spatial multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) and experts’ opinion to evaluate the relevance of sampling areas used so far. Areas at highest risk of IDV occurrence were the main cattle markets. The maps were evaluated with previous field surveillance data collected in Togo between 2017 and 2019: 1216 sera from cattle, small ruminants, and swine were screened for antibodies to IDV by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. While further samples collections are needed to validate the maps, the risk maps resulting from the spatial MCDA approach generated here highlight several priority areas for IDV circulation assessment.
Water Resource Assessment of a Complex Volcanic System Under Semi-Arid Climate Using Numerical Modeling: The Borena Basin in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Razack Moumtaz , Furi Wakgari , Fanta Likissa , Shiferaw Abera
Published: January 2020

The Borena basin is located in southern Ethiopia, in a semi-arid climate, on the eastern shoulder of the south Main Ethiopian Rift (MER). The study area covers 18,000 km2 and is characterized by a lack of perennial surface waters that can be used for domestic and agricultural purpose. As a result, groundwater, which occurs in complex volcanic settings, is the only source for water supply in the study area. This work is focused on the basaltic aquifers, which are intensely fractured, resulting in strong connectivity within the system. All available data (geology, hydraulic head, hydraulic parameters, well inventory and discharge, etc.) were compiled in a GIS database. The overall objective of this work is the assessment of groundwater potential, its spatial distribution and factors controlling its movement using numerical groundwater modeling to enhance groundwater management and use in the Borena basin. The modeling task was conducted at two scales: (i) regional scale; (ii) wellfields scale. The regional steady state model was calibrated using the Pilot points approach, highlighting a strongly heterogeneous system. A significant result of the regional model consisted of estimating the water balance of the whole system. The total inflow to the basin amounts to 542 × 106 m3/year, of which 367 × 106 m3/year are provided by superficial recharge. Groundwater resources are exploited with 7 wellfields. Exploitation of the wellfields was optimized based on the Sustainable Yield concept, which reserves a fraction of natural recharge for the benefit of the environment (surface waters, ecosystems). Each wellfield was extracted from the regional model, refined and used to simulate and optimize pumping scenarios, with the objective of maximizing discharge rates and avoiding over-exploitation of the groundwater. The optimized abstraction at all wellfields amounts to 121 × 106 m3/year, which represents 33% of the natural recharge and fully agrees with the sustainable yield concept.
Hydrodynamics of Uasb Reactor Treating Domestic Wastewater: A Three-Dimensional Numerical Study
Authors: Brito Maria G. S. L. , Nunes Flávio C. B. , Magalhães Hortência L. F. , Lima Wanderson M. P. B. , Moura Flávia L. C. , Farias Neto Severino R. , Lima Antonio G. B.
Published: January 2020

This work performed a three-dimensional numerical study to describe the hydrodynamics of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating domestic wastewater. The simulations were made in the commercial software Ansys CFX®. Different inclinations of the gas deflector were considered, to assess its influence on the velocity field inside the reactor. In order to validate the numerical study, we used experimental data regarding the inflow, the inlet and outlet concentrations of the organic matter, the concentration of solids at the liquid-gas interface and at the reactor outlet, and the pressure field inside it. The comparison between the numerical and experimental results demonstrated small differences. The mathematical model used to describe the hydrodynamics flow in the UASB reactor was quite satisfactory since it adequately has reproduced the physical behavior inside the reactor.
Velocity Fields at Horizontal Bar Racks as Fish Guidance Structures
Authors: Meister Julian , Fuchs Helge , Beck Claudia , Albayrak Ismail , Boes Robert M.
Published: January 2020

Horizontal bar racks used as fish protection measures at hydropower plants have rapidly gained importance in recent years. Despite the large number of installed racks in Europe, systematic investigations of the hydraulic losses and velocity fields were missing. To fill these research gaps, the hydraulic performance of horizontal bar racks was systematically investigated in a laboratory flume for a large number of rack parameters and different hydropower plant layouts. The results of the head loss assessment are published in a paper entitled Head Losses of Horizontal Bar Racks as Fish Guidance Structures, whereas the present paper focuses on the velocity fields. The measurements show that the bar shape, the horizontal approach flow angle, and the clear bar spacing have only a minor effect on the velocity fields. In contrast, bottom and top overlays might enhance the fish guidance efficiency for bottom and surface oriented fish, while the asymmetric downstream velocity field can reduce turbine efficiencies. The hydropower plant layout strongly affects the approach flow field to horizontal bar racks. For block-type hydropower plants, the installation of a dividing pier or partial opening of the spillways improves the flow field for better fish guidance.
Sediment Transport in Sewage Pressure Pipes, Part II: 1 D Numerical Simulation
Authors: Rinas Martin , Fricke Alexander , Tränckner Jens , Frischmuth Kurt , Koegst Thilo
Published: January 2020

Urban drainage modelling is a state-of-the-art tool to understand urban water cycles. Nevertheless, there are gaps in knowledge of urban water modelling. In particular pressure drainage systems are hardly considered in the scientific investigation of urban drainage systems, although they represent an important link in its network structure. This work is the conclusion of a series of investigations that have dealt intensively with pressure drainage systems. In particular, this involves the transport of sediments in pressure pipes. In a real-world case study, sediment transport inside a pressure pipe in an urban region in northern Germany was monitored by online total suspended solids measurements. This in situ data is used in this study for the development and calibration of a sediment transport model. The model is applied to investigate sediments transport under low flow velocities (due to energy saving intentions). The resulting simulation over 30 days pumping operation shows that a transport of sediments even at very low flow velocities of 0.27 m/s and under various inflow conditions (dry weather and storm water inflow) is feasible. Hence, with the help of the presented sediment transport model, energy-efficient pump controls can be developed without increasing the risk of deposition formation.
Machine Learning and Data Analytic Techniques in Digital Water Metering: A Review
Authors: Rahim Md Shamsur , Nguyen Khoi Anh , Stewart Rodney Anthony , Giurco Damien , Blumenstein Michael
Published: January 2020

Digital or intelligent water meters are being rolled out globally as a crucial component in improving urban water management. This is because of their ability to frequently send water consumption information electronically and later utilise the information to generate insights or provide feedback to consumers. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) and data analytic (DA) technologies have provided the opportunity to more effectively utilise the vast amount of data generated by these meters. Several studies have been conducted to promote water conservation by analysing the data generated by digital meters and providing feedback to consumers and water utilities. The purpose of this review was to inform scholars and practitioners about the contributions and limitations of ML and DA techniques by critically analysing the relevant literature. We categorised studies into five main themes: (1) water demand forecasting; (2) socioeconomic analysis; (3) behaviour analysis; (4) water event categorisation; and (5) water-use feedback. The review identified significant research gaps in terms of the adoption of advanced ML and DA techniques, which could potentially lead to water savings and more efficient demand management. We concluded that further investigations are required into highly personalised feedback systems, such as recommender systems, to promote water-conscious behaviour. In addition, advanced data management solutions, effective user profiles, and the clustering of consumers based on their profiles require more attention to promote water-conscious behaviours.
Correction: Carrard, N., et al. Groundwater as a Source of Drinking Water in Southeast Asia and the Pacific: A Multi-Country Review of Current Reliance and Resource Concerns. Water 2019, 11, 1605
Authors: Carrard Naomi , Foster Tim , Willetts Juliet
Published: January 2020

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]
Seasonal and Inter-Annual Variability of Groundwater and Their Responses to Climate Change and Human Activities in Arid and Desert Areas: A Case Study in Yaoba Oasis, Northwest China
Authors: Li Huanhuan , Lu Yudong , Zheng Ce , Zhang Xiaonan , Zhou Bao , Wu Jing
Published: January 2020

Climate change and human activities have profound effects on the characteristics of groundwater in arid oases. Analyzing the change of groundwater level and quantifying the contributions of influencing factors are essential for mastering the groundwater dynamic variation and providing scientific guidance for the rational utilization and management of groundwater resources. In this study, the characteristics and causes of groundwater level in an arid oasis of Northwest China were explored using the Mann–Kendall trend test, Morlet wavelet analysis, and principal component analysis. Results showed that the groundwater level every year exhibited tremendous regular characteristics with the seasonal exploitation. Meanwhile, the inter-annual groundwater level dropped continuously from 1982 to 2018, with a cumulative decline depth that exceeded 12 m, thereby causing the cone of depression. In addition, the monthly groundwater level had an evident cyclical variation on the two time scales of 17–35 and 7–15 months, and the main periodicity of monthly level was 12 months. Analysis results of the climatic factors from 1954 to 2018 observed a significant warming trend in temperature, an indistinctive increase in rainfall, an inconspicuous decrease in evaporation, and an insignificant reduction in relative humidity. The human factors such as exploitation amount, irrigated area, and population quantity rose substantially since the development of the oasis in the 1970s. In accordance with the quantitative calculation, human activities were decisive factors on groundwater level reduction, accounting for 87.79%. However, climate change, including rainfall and evaporation, which contributed to 12.21%, still had the driving force to change the groundwater level in the study area. The groundwater level of Yaoba Oasis has been greatly diminished and the ecological environment has deteriorated further due to the combined effect of climate change and human activities.
Impact of abusive supervision climate on employees’ prohibitive voice behavior through abusive supervision and cognitive rumination: A case of Pakistan
Authors: Tahir Zara , Khan Muhammad Asif
Published: January 2020

The current paper focused on investigating the role an Abusive Supervision Climate (ASC) plays in Prohibitive Voice behavior of workers in Pakistani service industry. Sample from 330 pairs of supervisors and subordinates was collected from public sector banks, universities and hospitals. It was identified that social learning from the climate is a significant source of learned abusive behavior which leads to rumination and voice behavior in employees.
Keywords: Abusive supervision climate, abusive supervision, cognitive rumination, prohibitive voice behavior.
Ses temelli cümle yöntemi uygulamasını okuma yazma becerilerinde yetersizlik gösteren bireyler açısından inceleyen çalışmaların derlenmesi (2005-2019)
Authors: YAVUZASLAN Esra , DÜZKANTAR Ayten
Published: January 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı ses temelli cümle
yöntemine geçildikten sonraki yıllarda bu yönteme ilişkin öğretmen görüşlerini
içeren araştırmaların derlenmesi ve farklı yönlerden inceleyerek hafif zihinsel
yetersizlik grubuna öğretim yapılırken yapılacak uyarlamalara ilişkin
ipuçlarının çıkarılmasıdır. Bu amaçla 2005-2019 yılları arasında okuma yazma
öğretiminde sorun yaşayan öğrencilerin sorunlarının nedenlerini ve çözüm
önerileri ile ilgili uygulama içeren çalışmalar belirlenmiş ve incelenmiştir.
Araştırma sürecinde ulaşılan dokümanlar internet aracılığı ile elektronik bir
formatta elde edilmiştir. Mevcut araştırmada dokümanlara ulaşmak amacı ile Google Akademik arama
motoru, Yükseköğretim Kurulu’nun (YÖK) Ulusal Tez Merkezi internet
sitesi kullanılmıştır. Bu veri tabanlarına “özel öğrenme güçlüğü”, “okuma yazma
öğretimi” gibi anahtar kelimeler kullanılarak dokümanlara ulaşılmıştır.
İnceleme sonucunda ses temelli cümle yönteminin kullanılmadığı dönemi kapsayan
araştırmalar mevcut araştırmaya dâhil edilmemiştir. Ayrıca hem tezi hem de
tezden üretilen makalesi olan araştırmalardan yalnızca biri değerlendirmeye
alınmıştır. Çalışmalar betimsel analiz ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında
incelenecek çalışmalar tablolar ile sunularak yorumlanmıştır.
Efficiency of practical application of criminal law prohibition in the sphere of economy of the Russian Federation
Authors: Tunin Vladimir , Radoshnova Natal'ya
Published: January 2020

The article considers the practical effectiveness of the criminal law prohibition in combating economic crime in the Russian Federation. 22nd Chapter of the Criminal code currently includes 58 articles. This is maximum number of articles in relation to other chapters of the criminal code, in the same Chapter of the Criminal code. Accordingly the need for such a number of prohibitions in the economic sphere should be confirmed by judicial practice. However, a completely different picture emerges. Based on the analysis of the statistical reports of the Judicial Department under the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the authors conclude that the enforcement practice in cases of economic crimes is insufficient.The authors express their opinion on the reasons for the ineffectiveness of the practical application of the articles constituting the 22nd Chapter of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation, and suggest ways to address them.
Recognition specifics of admissibility of evidence obtained within the foreign state territory
Authors: Bykadorova Elena
Published: January 2020

The article goes through the issues of legal support for the admissibility of evidence obtained within the territory of a foreign state. This issue is particularly topical in connection with rise in international crime. The need to improve the crime fighting requires updating of standards of work with evidence, specifically in evaluation of evidence obtained in a foreign state. Failure to comply with the relevant procedure and rules in request for legal assistance may cause further difficulties in providing of legal assistance and in the recognition of evidence as acceptable in the territory of the Russian Federation. The article proposes criteria how the proving subjects can accept evidence obtained within the territory of a foreign state as admissible. Ensuring the admissibility of evidence is premised on compliance with international treaties as well as observance of established procedures for the interaction between Russian and foreign law enforcement agencies and compliance with the law of a foreign state regarding the procedure for obtaining and enshrining evidence. The article explains why the legislation requirements of the place where the evidence was obtained, but not the country requesting the evidence, are of primary importance for establishing the admissibility of evidence obtained outside the Russian Federation. The admissibility of evidence is also ensured by compliance with the rules of the legal entity for obtaining evidence, the legal source of evidence, legal methods of obtaining and enshrining evidence.
Classification of samples for comparative research
Authors: Ivanova Elena
Published: January 2020

The article presents the classification of samples for comparative research, the study of which will contribute to the correct choice of a tactical method of obtaining them. The material also contains an analysis of the scientific literature related to the classification and systematization of the category in question; alternative grounds for dividing into groups are proposed. Classifying comparative samples, the author focuses on certain problems that practitioners face. Namely: the possibility of obtaining samples for a comparative research before the initiation of a criminal case, the validity of the use of coercion to obtain them, as well as the possibility of using comparative material obtained in the framework of operational search activities for expert studies. In preparing the article, general scientific methods of empirical knowledge (comparison, description), general logical methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, classification, as well as methods of system-structural analysis were used. The purpose of the study of the problems of obtaining samples is to provide a systematic classification of this category in order to improve the quality of crime investigation. The conclusions made in the article on issues related to obtaining comparative samples at the stage of pre-investigation check and the possibility of using samples obtained during operational search activities are logically presented in the proposed classification.
Improving the educational process in the development of mathematical disciplines based on the use of modern computer technologies
Authors: Vasileva Natalia , Kunturova Nadezhda , Yakovleva Natalia
Published: January 2020

The article considers the issue of improving the educational process through the use of computer technology. Attention is paid to the optimization of the educational process, the most important components of the learning process are analyzed, such as independent work, methodological support and management of students’ independent work; quality control assimilation of the studied material. Various tasks can be solved using the Microsoft Excel program, while the authors propose to perform calculations using application packages of mathematical programs, which is more preferable. In this case, computation time is saved, a graphical solution is easily presented, and it is also possible to carry out calculations using various methods and with different calculation parameters, comparing them with each other. The authors emphasize the importance of organizing self-fulfilling assignments by students. It is proposed to use knowledge testing not only as an element of control, but also as a management of the learning process. Examples of the organization and results of testing are given, the positive impact of testing on the educational process, which allows for preliminary, current, thematic and final control of knowledge, is substantiated.
Gender types of individual legal awareness in the structure of «I»
Authors: Sochivko Dmitriy , Simakova Tat'yana
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the individual legal awareness as profoundly subjective personal substructure, falling within the scope intrapsychic as well as interpsychic relations of human «I». Competency-based approach of modern system of higher professional departmental education considers individual legal awareness as a special socio-psychological category of subjects of educational space. Research interest in this phenomenon justified by the fact that future professional activities of employees of law enforcement officers are associated with high stressogenicity with interaction with the criminal strata of the population, with the ability to assess the legitimacy of events of an extreme nature. Substantive side of educational activity is revealed not only (and not so much) in determining requirements for personality of the graduate in the context of law knowledge but also in the formation of the subjective position of the legal cultural bearer, which is esseenticilly a synthesis of personality reflection of the student’s personality in the need, value and regulatory spheres. The article analyzes the relevance of the issue of individual legal consciousness in the psychological aspect – its embeddedness in the intrapsychic structure of the personality. The analysis allows us to carry out a psychological measurement using the original author’s technique «Individual Legal Awareness Structure» and the subsequent correction of this phenomenon. Based on the results of an empirical study, the authors constructed a psychodynamic intrapsychic classification of individual legal consciousness, which includes two types – feminine and masculine. The conclusion is made about the psychological significance of the intrapsychic and psychodynamic connection of legal awareness and self-relationship in a single personality substructure.
Use of terms of a conceptual framework of economy in various branches of the right
Authors: Shumilin Oleg , Kuzin Nikolay
Published: January 2020

Entering into the world economic system required the Russian economy to transform the administrative model of management and certain efforts to introduce and use economic classifications used by the countries of the world in their daily activities. First of all, the introduction of new terms into modern economic activity is associated with the introduction in our country of the system of national accounts with all related classifiers. In statistical materials and in scientific circulation, such terms as the type of economic activity and the economic sector are now used. These economic terms are enshrined in regulatory legal acts. However, in the media, regulatory legal documents, and in a number of economic publications, either outdated economic terms are used to refer to the industry, or the term, the economic sector, is incorrectly interpreted. The article proposes to draw the attention of lawyers and economists to the correct application of economic terms. The presented material also draws attention to the unjustifiably wide use of the term «audit» in modern domestic legal and economic literature and in regulatory legal documents.
About the involvement of the labour migrants from Central Asian countries in terroristic activities
Authors: Borichev Konstantin , Pavlik Mihail
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of participation of immigrants from the countries of the Central Asian region in terrorist activities both in Russia and in the whole world. In particular, information about the organizers and perpetrators of some terrorist acts committed in recent years in Europe, the United States and Russia was studied. It was made an attempt to analyze the current situation and identify the main reasons that contribute to the involvement of immigrants from Central Asia in terrorist activities. The main factors inherent in terrorists – immigrants from the environment of migrants, which are used by recruiters of international terrorist organizations to involve them in criminal activities, are revealed. The features of migrants residing in the territory of Russia, which contribute to the active involvement of international terrorist organizations of immigrants from the Central Asian region to commit terrorist acts and other crimes of a terrorist nature, are determined. The study revealed the fundamental directions of anti-terrorist activities in Russia in the sphere of countering the terrorist threat emanating from Central Asia. Special attention is paid to the prevention of terrorism among migrant workers, the participation in this activity of representatives of the employer, public and religious organizations, national communities.
Drift rejection differential frontend for single plate capacitive sensors
Authors: Lazarescu Mihai T.
Published: January 2020

Using capacitive sensors at long ranges (10-20x their plate diameter) for long term environmental sensing can be limited by slow but significant measurement drifts that can often far exceed the small capacitance variations of interest, which can be around 0.01% or less. We propose a differential capacitance measurement method that rejects the quasi-constant drift currents for single plate capacitive sensors by averaging the absolute slope values of adjacent charge-discharge voltage ramps of the plate capacitance, under constant current. Compared analytically and in simulations with period modulation techniques using astable multivibrators, our method shows much better rejection of drifts due to quasi-constant charge migration and improved random noise attenuation, while preserving the measurement sensitivity. We also provide an implementation example that avoids errors caused by some types of ramp distortions and improves noise reduction.
Understanding TONG Jun and His Chinese Garden Study: A Report of Symposium on Glimpses of Gardens in Eastern China
Authors: Gu Kai , Zhu Guangya
Published: January 2020

TONG Jun was an architect and also a researcher on Chinese gardens. His Glimpses of Gardens in Eastern China was written in English and a new version of Chinese translation was newly published. A symposium on this book was held and many scholars and architects expressed their understandings on Tong Jun and his Chinese garden study, showing its significance in both fields of scholarship and architectural practice today.
GMO AND HEALTH RISKS SELECTED ISSUES
Authors: Klich Jacek , Monarkh Veronika
Published: January 2020

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is a topic of intense debate across the globe since they are widely used in several commercial products and the GMO industry counts for billions of US dollars. Genetically modified crops can assist to mitigate problems in commercial agriculture with proven case studies in Indian cotton and Australian canola [1]. The success of the GMO industry has been impeded by negative information concerning health and environmental risks. The aim of the paper is to assess the current research (from 2010-2019) on the health risk of GMOs (with a special emphasis on genetically modified plants). EBSCOhost (including Medline) and ScienceDirect databases were used for review of the literature. The paper concludes that research on GMO health risk is still lacking in sound methodology, complexity, continuity, objectivity and remains inconclusive.
Actual issues of the current state of wages in Ukraine
Authors: Honchar Liubov , Harna Svitlana , Shnurko Antonina
Published: January 2020

Purpose. The aim of the article is to research the topical problems of the current state of wages in Ukraine, identification of the primary causes of low wages and determination of ways of their solution.

Methodology of research. Methodological basis for the study was the scientific methods of cognition, based on a systematic approach to solving the tasks. A number of general and special scientific methods of research is used to achieve this goal and to obtain the results of the research: dialectical; monographic (when working on scientific publications); systematic analysis (when examining the state of wages in Ukraine); method of analogies and comparisons (in the study of minimum wages of EU countries); comprehensive analysis (in formulating conclusions and proposals for solving problems) and others.

Findings. The problematic issues of the current state of wages in Ukraine are investigated. The optimal ways of solving the problem of wages in our state, among which are the following: study of the leading Western experience; active participation of the state in the regulation of remuneration; improving the tariff system and normalization of labour; increase part of wages in the cost products (through wage deduction); reducing the amount of arrears of wages and salaries, etc.

Originality. Complex approach to solving problematic wages of workers in our state, which allowed highlighting the possibility of qualitative improvement of its condition and creating a basis for increasing the interest of employees to high-performance work in the near future, is used in the article.

Practical value. These suggestions will provide an opportunity to overcome the problems of the current state of wages in Ukraine.

Key words: cost of living; wages; arrears; salary; labour productivity; labour force; functions of wages.
Management of investment risks in the system of project financing
Authors: Yasinovska Iryna , Sheremeta Olena
Published: January 2020

Purpose. The aim of the article is to investigate the problem of investment risk management in the project financing system.

Methodology of research. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method of scientific knowledge. General scientific and special methods are used in the process of research, namely: abstract and logical, deductive and system analyzes – in the study of the peculiarities of project financing implementation; problems of management of investment risks in the project financing system; substantiation of ways of activation of development of project financing in Ukraine.

Findings. A literary review and analysis of modern approaches to defining the concept of “project financing” have been carried out. The problematic aspects of the development of project financing in Ukraine are identified and the most common instruments for neutralizing investment risks in project financing are analyzed. According to official statistics, a significant proportion of business entities are found to be operating at a loss or low level of profitability, which negatively affects their creditworthiness and limits access to bank lending.

In such circumstances, an important way out of this situation is to activate the development of project financing. Project financing, taking into account investment risks, can be provided by reliable financially sound banks, which have effective risk management, long-term resources, highly qualified specialists in financial investment analysis and consulting.

Originality. The reasons for insufficient distribution of project financing in the banking sector of Ukraine have been identified and the directions of its activation have been proposed.

Practical value. The findings of the study, which are expressed in the conclusions and proposals, contribute to solving the problem of improving investment risk management in project financing.

Key words: project financing; project risks; investment risk; investment climate; investment risk management.
A Fugacity Based Model for the Assessment of Pollutant Dynamic Evolution of VOCS and BTEX in the Olt River Basin (Romania)
Authors: Iordache Andreea , Iordache Mihaela , Sandru Claudia , Voica Cezara , Stegarus Diana , Zgavarogea Ramona , Ionete Roxana Elena , Cotorcea (Ticu) Simona , Miricioiu Marius Gheorghe
Published: January 2020

An important tributary of the Danube River, the Olt River, was characterized in its middle and lower catchment in terms of volatile organic compounds (1,2 -dichloroethane and perchlorethylene) and volatile aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene and xylene isomers) to better assess their transfer in the environmental compartments (air, water, sediment and biota). A fugacity based calculation model was applied to establish the bio-concentration factors (BCFs) that relates the compounds concentration from sediment-, water- or air- to the biota based on experimental data. Thus, conclusive suggestions can be achieved for a rapid preliminary risk assessment as support tool for the preventive measures in the contaminated areas resulting from accidental chemical discharges or continuous pollution. For thus, water and sediment samples were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography for the selected compounds, the results being applied as input data for the model. The modeling revealed the tendency of the investigated compounds to transfer from water section to air. Simulated values obtained for section sediment as validation tool, are comparable and compatible with the values obtained by analytical measurements, and thus a rapid estimation of the pollution level in the environmental compartment of interest can be achieved based on a limited number of analytical measurements. Thus, by applying the fugacity model to estimate a pollution footprint, conclusive indications for a rapid environmental risk assessment can be achieved.
Recovery of Treated Sludge
Authors: Rusanescu Carmen Otilia , Rusanescu Marin , Jinescu Cosmin , Durbaca Ion
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the methods for recovery of treated sludge: technological valorisation, agricultural valorization, energy recovery, gasification, pyrolysis, supercritical oxidation of water, obtaining the material for plastering, obtaining bricks. These technologies are biology-based technologies (advanced anaerobic digestion strategies and bio-drying) and heat-based technologies (gasification, pyrolysis and supercritical water processing).