bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early Detection of Secondary Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma and Disseminated Bone Metastases with Normal Prostate-Specific Antigen Level after Pelvic Salvage Radiotherapy in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Shin Teak Jun , Choe Misun , Kim Byung Hoon , Byun Sang Jun
Published: May 2023

This report describes the case of a 65-year-old man who presented with gross hematuria and a history of pelvic salvage radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Cystoscopy and transurethral resection of the bladder revealed urothelial carcinoma. Subsequently, disseminated bone metastases were detected with normal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, and palliative radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy were administered. Because gross hematuria can appear in both acute/chronic cystitis and bladder cancer in patients who have undergone pelvic radiotherapy for prostate cancer, close follow-up along with a detailed evaluation is needed. In addition, because prostate cancer disease progression with normal PSA levels may be associated with specific pathological findings, a detailed evaluation of symptoms and a careful review of pathologic reports are important.
A Comparative Study of CCM and CCS Membrane Electrode Assemblies for High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells with a CsH5(PO4)2-Doped Polybenzimidazole Membrane
Authors: Li Yizhe , Fu Zhiyong , Li Yifan , Zhang Guichen
Published: May 2023

Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) are critical components in influencing the electrochemical performance of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs). MEA manufacturing processes are mainly divided into the catalyst-coated membrane (CCM) and the catalyst-coated substrate (CCS) methods. For conventional HT-PEMFCs based on phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes, the wetting surface and extreme swelling of the PA-doped PBI membranes make the CCM method difficult to apply to the fabrication of MEAs. In this study, by taking advantage of the dry surface and low swelling of a CsH5(PO4)2-doped PBI membrane, an MEA fabricated by the CCM method was compared with an MEA made by the CCS method. Under each temperature condition, the peak power density of the CCM-MEA was higher than that of the CCS-MEA. Furthermore, under humidified gas conditions, an enhancement in the peak power densities was observed for both MEAs, which was attributed to the increase in the conductivity of the electrolyte membrane. The CCM-MEA exhibited a peak power density of 647 mW cm−2 at 200 °C, which was ~16% higher than that of the CCS-MEA. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results showed that the CCM-MEA had lower ohmic resistance, which implied that it had better contact between the membrane and catalyst layer.
The Preparations of Fluorographene Nanosheets and Research in Tribological Properties in High Vacuum
Authors: Zhang Lili , Zhang Zhengrui , Gao Xi’an , Matlan Siti Jahara , Taha Nazaruddin Abd
Published: May 2023

In this study, fluorographene nanosheets (FG nanosheets) were prepared via the solvent-ultrasonic exfoliation method. The fluorographene sheets were observed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The microstructure of the as-prepared FG nanosheets was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a thermal analyzer (TG). The tribological properties of FG nanosheets as an additive in ionic liquids in high vacuum were compared to that of ionic liquid (IL) with graphene (IL-G). The wear surfaces and transfer films were analyzed via an optical microscope, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that FG nanosheets can be obtained from the simple solvent-ultrasonic exfoliation method. The prepared G nanosheets are a sheet, and the longer the ultrasonic time is, the thinner the sheet is. Ionic liquids with FG nanosheets had low friction and a low wear rate under high vacuum conditions. The improved frictional properties were attributed to the transfer film of FG nanosheets and more formation film of Fe-F.
Carbon-Based Textile Sensors for Physiological-Signal Monitoring
Authors: Shao Wancheng , Cui Tianrui , Li Ding , Jian Jinming , Li Zhen , Ji Shourui , Cheng Aobo , Li Xinyue , Liu Kaiyin , Liu Houfang , Yang Yi , Ren Tianling
Published: May 2023

As the focus on physical health increases, the market demand for flexible wearable sensors increases. Textiles combined with sensitive materials and electronic circuits can form flexible, breathable high-performance sensors for physiological-signal monitoring. Carbon-based materials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and carbon black (CB) have been widely utilized in the development of flexible wearable sensors due to their high electrical conductivity, low toxicity, low mass density, and easy functionalization. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in carbon-based flexible textile sensors, highlighting the development, properties, and applications of graphene, CNTs, and CB for flexible textile sensors. The physiological signals that can be monitored by carbon-based textile sensors include electrocardiogram (ECG), human body movement, pulse and respiration, body temperature, and tactile perception. We categorize and describe carbon-based textile sensors based on the physiological signals they monitor. Finally, we discuss the current challenges associated with carbon-based textile sensors and explore the future direction of textile sensors for monitoring physiological signals.
Encapsulation of Carbon Nanotubes by Styrene and Butyl Acrylate Particles via Suspension Polymerization for Polymerized Toner Applications
Authors: Alosime Eid M. , Adam Omar A. , Basfar Ahmed A.
Published: May 2023

Electrophotographic printing and copying processes primarily use toner, which is a mixture of colorant, polymer, and additives. Toner can be made using traditional mechanical milling techniques or more contemporary chemical polymerization techniques. Suspension polymerization provides spherical particles with less stabilizer adsorption, homogeneous monomers, higher purity, and easier control of the reaction temperature. In contrast to these advantages, however, the particle size resulting from suspension polymerization is too large for toner. To overcome this disadvantage, devices such as high-speed stirrers and homogenizers can be used to reduce the size of the droplets. This research investigated the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) instead of carbon black as the pigment in toner development. We succeeded in achieving a good dispersion of four different types of CNT, specifically modified with NH2 and Boron or unmodified with long or short chains in water rather than chloroform, using sodium n-dodecyl sulfate as a stabilizer. We then performed polymerization of the monomers styrene and butyl acrylate in the presence of the different CNT types and found that the best monomer conversion and largest particles (in the micron range) occurred with CNTs modified with boron. The insertion of a charge control agent into the polymerized particles was achieved. Monomer conversion of over 90% was realized with all concentrations of MEP-51, whereas conversion was under 70% with all concentrations of MEC-88. Furthermore, analysis with dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that all polymerized particles were in the micron size range, suggesting that our newly developed toner particles were less harmful and environmentally friendly products than those typically and commercially available. The SEM micrographs clearly showed good dispersion and attachment of the CNTs on the polymerized particles (no CNT aggregation was found), which has never been published before.
Novel Ni-P-Tribaloy Composite Protective Coating
Authors: Mabrouk Ahmed , Farhat Zoheir
Published: May 2023

Oil and gas pipelines are subject to various forms of damage and degradation during their operation. Electroless Nickel (Ni-P) coatings are widely employed as protective coatings due to their ease of application and unique properties, including high wear and corrosion resistance. However, they are not ideal for protecting pipelines due to their brittleness and low toughness. Composite coatings of higher toughness can be developed through the co-deposition of second-phase particles into the Ni-P matrix. Tribaloy (CoMoCrSi) alloy possesses excellent mechanical and tribological properties making it a potential candidate for a high-toughness composite coating. In this study, Ni-P-Tribaloy composite coating consisting of 15.7 vol.% Tribaloy was successfully deposited on low-carbon steel substrates. Both the monolithic and the composite coatings were studied to evaluate the effect of the addition of Tribaloy particles. The micro-hardness of the composite coating was measured to be 6.00 GPa, 12% greater than that of the monolithic coating. Hertzian-type indentation testing was carried out to investigate the coating’s fracture toughness and toughening mechanisms. The 15.7 vol.% Tribaloy coating exhibited remarkably less severe cracking and higher toughness. The following toughening mechanisms were observed: micro-cracking, crack bridging, crack arrest, and crack deflection. The addition of the Tribaloy particles was also estimated to quadruple the fracture toughness. Scratch testing was performed to evaluate the sliding wear resistance under a constant load and a varying number of passes. The Ni-P-Tribaloy coating exhibited more ductile behavior and higher toughness, as the dominant wear mechanism was identified as material removal, as opposed to brittle fracture in the Ni-P coating.
Comprehensive Research of FSW Joints of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Mroczka Krzysztof , Dymek Stanisław , Węglowska Aleksandra , Hamilton Carter , Kopyściański Mateusz , Pietras Adam , Kurtyka Paweł
Published: May 2023

For the friction stir welding (FSW) of AZ91 magnesium alloy, low tool rotational speeds and increased tool linear speeds (ratio 3.2) along with a larger diameter shoulder and pin are utilized. The research focused on the influence of welding forces and the characterization of the welds by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with an electron backscatter diffraction system (SEM-EBSD), hardness distribution across the joint cross-section, joint tensile strength, and SEM examination of fractured specimens after tensile tests. The micromechanical static tensile tests performed are unique and reveal the material strength distribution within the joint. A numerical model of the temperature distribution and material flow during joining is also presented. The work demonstrates that a good-quality joint can be obtained. A fine microstructure is formed at the weld face, containing larger precipitates of the intermetallic phase, while the weld nugget comprises larger grains. The numerical simulation correlates well with experimental measurements. On the advancing side, the hardness (approx. 60 HV0.1) and strength (approx. 150 MPa) of the weld are lower, which is also related to the lower plasticity of this region of the joint. The strength (approx. 300 MPa) in some micro-areas is significantly higher than that of the overall joint (204 MPa). This is primarily attributable to the macroscopic sample also containing material in the as-cast state, i.e., unwrought. The microprobe therefore includes less potential crack nucleation mechanisms, such as microsegregations and microshrinkage.
A Real Time Method Based on Deep Learning for Reconstructing Holographic Acoustic Fields from Phased Transducer Arrays
Authors: Wang Shuai , Wang Xuewei , You Fucheng , Li Yang , Xiao Han
Published: May 2023

Phased transducer arrays (PTA) can control ultrasonic waves to produce a holographic acoustic field. However, obtaining the phase of the corresponding PTA from a given holographic acoustic field is an inverse propagation problem, which is a mathematically unsolvable nonlinear system. Most of the existing methods use iterative methods, which are complex and time-consuming. To better solve this problem, this paper proposed a novel method based on deep learning to reconstruct the holographic sound field from PTA. For the imbalance and randomness of the focal point distribution in the holographic acoustic field, we constructed a novel neural network structure incorporating attention mechanisms to focus on useful focal point information in the holographic sound field. The results showed that the transducer phase distribution obtained from the neural network fully supports the PTA to generate the corresponding holographic sound field, and the simulated holographic sound field can be reconstructed with high efficiency and quality. The method proposed in this paper has the advantage of real-time performance that is difficult to achieve by traditional iterative methods and has the advantage of higher accuracy compared with the novel AcousNet methods.
Petrogenesis of the Qiongduojiang Gabbro in Tethys Himalaya and Its Metallogenetic Implication
Authors: Li Jianzhong , Huang Yong , Wu Qingsong , Zhang Li , Xiong Tao , Wang Bing , Liang Zhiqiang , Cao Huawen , Liang Wei , Dai Zuowen
Published: May 2023

With the northward subduction and final closure of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic crust, the Indian and Eurasian plates finally collided together and underwent a strong collision orogenic event, resulting in large-scale crust–mantle magmatic interactions. In order to clarify the controversies about tectono-magmatic activities after the Indian–Eurasian continental collision, we report the newly dated Eocene Qiongduojiang gabbro explored in the Tethyan–Himalaya belt, southern Tibet. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating shows that the crystallization age of the Qiongduojiang gabbro is 46.1 ± 1.7 Ma. The whole-rock major and trace elements, as well as Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, and Pb isotopic data results, show that the Qiongduojiang gabbro is apparently depleted in Nd isotopes, is enriched in Pb isotopes, and has maintained a consistent 87Sr/86Sr(t) value. This paper argues that the E-MORB-like Qiongduojiang gabbro originated from asthenosphere upwelling caused by slab breakoff of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic plate. This event caused large-scale magmatic activities, a magmatic mixing process between ancient crust and deep mantle, and wild distribution of Eocene Gangdese plutons along the Yarlung–Tsangpo Suture Zone, and it rendered the subduction-modified Tibetan lithosphere fertile from the Gangdese porphyry Cu deposits.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral Molecules via Organocatalytic Cycloaddition and Cyclization Reactions
Authors: Cai Wei-Yun , Ding Qian-Ni , Zhou Ling , Chen Jie
Published: May 2023

Atropisomeric molecules are present in many natural products, biologically active compounds, chiral ligands and catalysts. Many elegant methodologies have been developed to access axially chiral molecules. Among them, organocatalytic cycloaddition and cyclization have attracted much attention because they have been widely used in the asymmetric synthesis of biaryl/heterobiaryls atropisomers via construction of carbo- and hetero-cycles. This strategy has undoubtedly become and will continue to be a hot topic in the field of asymmetric synthesis and catalysis. This review aims to highlight the recent advancements in this field of atropisomer synthesis by using different organocatalysts in cycloaddition and cyclization strategies. The construction of each atropisomer, its possible mechanism, the role of catalysts, and its potential applications are illustrated.
In Situ Preparation of Three-Dimensional Porous Nickel Sulfide as a Battery-Type Supercapacitor
Authors: Xia Qixun , Si Lijun , Liu Keke , Zhou Aiguo , Su Chen , Shinde Nanasaheb M. , Fan Guangxin , Dou Jun
Published: May 2023

A one-step sulfurization method to fabricate Ni3S2 nanowires (Ni3S2 NWs) directly on a Ni foam (NF) was developed as a simple, low-cost synthesis method for use as a supercapacitor (SC), aimed at optimizing energy storage. Ni3S2 NWs have high specific capacity and are considered a promising electrode material for SCs; however, their poor electrical conductivity and low chemical stability limit their applications. In this study, highly hierarchical three-dimensional porous Ni3S2 NWs were grown directly on NF by a hydrothermal method. The feasibility of the use of Ni3S2/NF as a binder-free electrode for achieving high-performance SCs was examined. Ni3S2/NF exhibited a high specific capacity (255.3 mAh g−1 at a current density of 3 A g−1), good rate capability (2.9 times higher than that of the NiO/NF electrode), and competitive cycling performance (capacity retention of specific capacity of 72.17% after 5000 cycles at current density of 20 A g−1). Owing to its simple synthesis process and excellent performance as an electrode material for SCs, the developed multipurpose Ni3S2 NWs electrode is expected to be a promising electrode for SC applications. Furthermore, the synthesis method of self-growing Ni3S2 NW electrodes on 3D NF via hydrothermal reactions could potentially be applied to the fabrication of SC electrodes using a variety of other transition metal compounds.
SERS Detection of the Anti-Epileptic Drug Perampanel in Human Saliva
Authors: Tommasini Matteo , Lucotti Andrea , Stefani Luca , Trusso Sebastiano , Ossi Paolo M.
Published: May 2023

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) can obtain the spectroscopic response of specific analytes. In controlled conditions, it is a powerful quantitative technique. However, often the sample and its SERS spectrum are complex. Pharmaceutical compounds in human biofluids with strong interfering signals from proteins and other biomolecules are a typical example. Among the techniques for drug dosage, SERS was reported to detect low drug concentrations, with analytical capability comparable to that of the assessed High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Here, for the first time, we report the use of SERS for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of the Anti-Epileptic Drug Perampanel (PER) in human saliva. We used inert substrates decorated with gold NPs deposited via Pulsed Laser Deposition as SERS sensors. We show that it is possible to detect PER in saliva via SERS after an optimized treatment of the saliva sample. Using a phase separation process, it is possible to extract all the diluted PER in saliva from the saliva phase to a chloroform phase. This allows us to detect PER in the saliva at initial concentrations of the order of 10−7 M, thus approaching those of clinical interest.
Multiple Technology Approach Based on Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry and Thermogravimetric Analysis to Ensure the Fungal Origin of the Chitosan
Authors: Claverie Elodie , Perini Matteo , Onderwater Rob C. A. , Pianezze Silvia , Larcher Roberto , Roosa Stéphanie , Yada Bopha , Wattiez Ruddy
Published: May 2023

Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide which has been authorized for oenological practices for the treatment of musts and wines. This authorization is limited to chitosan of fungal origin while that of crustacean origin is prohibited. To guarantee its origin, a method based on the measurement of the stable isotope ratios (SIR) of carbon δ13C, nitrogen δ15N, oxygen δ18O and hydrogen δ2H of chitosan has been recently proposed without indicating the threshold authenticity limits of these parameters which, for the first time, were estimated in this paper. In addition, on part of the samples analysed through SIR, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed as simple and rapid discrimination methods due to limited technological resources. Samples having δ13C values above −14.2‰ and below −125.1‰ can be considered as authentic fungal chitosan without needing to analyse other parameters. If the δ13C value falls between −25.1‰ and −24.9‰, it is necessary to proceed further with the evaluation of the parameter δ15N, which must be above +2.7‰. Samples having δ18O values lower than +25.3‰ can be considered as authentic fungal chitosan. The combination of maximum degradation temperatures (obtained using TGA) and peak areas of Amide I and NH2/Amide II (obtained using FTIR) also allows the discrimination between the two origins of the polysaccharide. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) based on TGA, FTIR and SIR data successfully distributed the tested samples into informative clusters. Therefore, we present the technologies described as part of a robust analytical strategy for the correct identification of chitosan samples from crustaceans or fungi.
Thermochemical Activity of Single- and Dual-Phase Oxide Compounds Based on Ceria, Ferrites, and Perovskites for Two-Step Synthetic Fuel Production
Authors: Le Gal Alex , Julbe Anne , Abanades Stéphane
Published: May 2023

This study focuses on the generation of solar thermochemical fuel (hydrogen, syngas) from CO2 and H2O molecules via two-step thermochemical cycles involving intermediate oxygen-carrier redox materials. Different classes of redox-active compounds based on ferrite, fluorite, and perovskite oxide structures are investigated, including their synthesis and characterization associated with experimental performance assessment in two-step redox cycles. Their redox activity is investigated by focusing on their ability to perform the splitting of CO2 during thermochemical cycles while quantifying fuel yields, production rates, and performance stability. The shaping of materials as reticulated foam structures is then evaluated to highlight the effect of morphology on reactivity. A series of single-phase materials including spinel ferrite, fluorite, and perovskite formulations are first investigated and compared to state-of-the-art materials. NiFe2O4 foam exhibits a CO2-splitting activity similar to its powder analog after reduction at 1400 °C, surpassing the performance of ceria but with much slower oxidation kinetics. On the other hand, although identified as high-performing materials in other studies, Ce0.9Fe0.1O2, Ca0.5Ce0.5MnO3, Ce0.2Sr1.8MnO4, and Sm0.6Ca0.4Mn0.8Al0.2O3 are not found to be attractive candidates in this work (compared with La0.5Sr0.5Mn0.9Mg0.1O3). In the second part, characterizations and performance evaluation of dual-phase materials (ceria/ferrite and ceria/perovskite composites) are performed and compared to single-phase materials to assess a potential synergistic effect on fuel production. The ceria/ferrite composite does not provide any enhanced redox activity. In contrast, ceria/perovskite dual-phase compounds in the form of powders and foams are found to enhance the CO2-splitting performance compared to ceria.
Preparation and Self-Assembly of pH-Responsive Hyperbranched Polymer Peptide Hybrid Materials
Authors: Qin Yan , Yi Jianguo , Zhang Yue
Published: May 2023

In recent years, the coupling of structurally and functionally controllable polymers with biologically active peptide materials to obtain polymer-peptide hybrids with excellent properties and biocompatibility has led to important research progress in the field of polymers. In this study, a pH-responsive hyperbranched polymer hPDPA was prepared by combining atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) with self-condensation vinyl polymerization (SCVP) using a three-component reaction of Passerini to obtain a monomeric initiator ABMA containing functional groups. The pH-responsive polymer peptide hybrids hPDPA/PArg/HA were obtained by using the molecular recognition of polyarginine (β-CD-PArg) peptide modified with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the hyperbranched polymer, followed by the electrostatic adsorption of hyaluronic acid (HA). The two hybrid materials, h1PDPA/PArg12/HA and h2PDPA/PArg8/HA could self-assemble to form vesicles with narrow dispersion and nanoscale dimensions in phosphate-buffered (PB) at pH = 7.4. The assemblies exhibited low toxicity as drug carriers of β-lapachone (β-lapa), and the synergistic therapy based on ROS and NO generated by β-lapa had significant inhibitory effects on cancer cells.
Graphene Amination towards Its Grafting by Antibodies for Biosensing Applications
Authors: Rabchinskii Maxim K. , Besedina Nadezhda A. , Brzhezinskaya Maria , Stolyarova Dina Yu. , Ryzhkov Sergei A. , Saveliev Sviatoslav D. , Antonov Grigorii A. , Baidakova Marina V. , Pavlov Sergei I. , Kirilenko Demid A. , Shvidchenko Aleksandr V. , Cherviakova Polina D. , Brunkov Pavel N.
Published: May 2023

The facile synthesis of biografted 2D derivatives complemented by a nuanced understanding of their properties are keystones for advancements in biosensing technologies. Herein, we thoroughly examine the feasibility of aminated graphene as a platform for the covalent conjugation of monoclonal antibodies towards human IgG immunoglobulins. Applying core-level spectroscopy methods, namely X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopies, we delve into the chemistry and its effect on the electronic structure of the aminated graphene prior to and after the immobilization of monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, the alterations in the morphology of the graphene layers upon the applied derivatization protocols are assessed by electron microscopy techniques. Chemiresistive biosensors composed of the aerosol-deposited layers of the aminated graphene with the conjugated antibodies are fabricated and tested, demonstrating a selective response towards IgM immunoglobulins with a limit of detection as low as 10 pg/mL. Taken together, these findings advance and outline graphene derivatives’ application in biosensing as well as hint at the features of the alterations of graphene morphology and physics upon its functionalization and further covalent grafting by biomolecules.
Cardioprotective Properties of Kaempferol: A Review
Authors: Kamisah Yusof , Jalil Juriyati , Yunos Nurhanan Murni , Zainalabidin Satirah
Published: May 2023

Cardiac diseases, such as myocardial infarction and heart failure, have become a major clinical problem globally. The accumulating data demonstrate that bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have favorable effects on clinical problems. Kaempferol is a flavonoid found in various plants; it has demonstrated cardioprotective properties in numerous cardiac injury models. This review aims to collate updated information regarding the effects of kaempferol on cardiac injury. Kaempferol improves cardiac function by alleviating myocardial apoptosis, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation while preserving mitochondrial function and calcium homeostasis. However, the mechanisms of action of its cardioprotective properties remain unclear; therefore, elucidating its action could provide insight into directions for future studies.
Population Genetic Analysis in Persimmons (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) Based on Genome-Wide Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Authors: Park Seoyeon , Park Ye-Ok , Park Younghoon
Published: May 2023

This study investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of a persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb., 2n = 6x = 90) collection in South Korea by evaluating 9751 genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected using genotyping-by-sequencing in 93 cultivars. The results of neighbor-joining clustering, principal component analysis, and STRUCTURE analysis based on SNPs indicated clear separation between cultivar groups (pollination-constant nonastringent (PCNA, 40 cultivars), pollination-constant astringent (PCA, 19), pollination-variant nonastringent (PVNA, 23), and the pollination-variant astringent type (PVA, 9)) based on the astringency types, while separation between PVA and PVNA-type cultivars was unclear. Population genetic diversity based on SNPs showed that the proportions of polymorphic SNPs within each group ranged from 99.01% (PVNA) to 94.08% (PVA), and the PVNA group exhibited the highest genetic diversity (He = 3.86 and uHe = 0.397). F (fixation index) values were low ranging from −0.024 (PVA) to 0.176 (PCA) with an average of 0.089, indicating a deficiency of heterozygosity. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and Fst among cultivar groups indicated that variation within individuals was higher than that among the groups. Pairwise Fst values among the groups ranged from 0.01566 (between PVA and PVNA) to 0.09416 (between PCA and PCNA), indicating a low level of cultivar type differentiation. These findings highlight the potential application of biallelic SNPs in population genetics studies of allopolyploids species and provide valuable insights that may have significant implications for breeding and cultivar identification in persimmon.
Charisma and Surgery in the Middles Ages: The Example of Henri de Mondeville, Surgeon of Philip IV the Fair
Authors: Lamour Corinne
Published: May 2023

Based on Henri de Mondeville’s treatise on surgery, this article focuses on his practice and explores the surgeon’s awareness of the concept of charisma and its implications for his professional activities. It seeks to demonstrate the medieval textual continuity of the concept of charisma, its relevance to medieval medical vocation and training, and the fact that charisms remained central to the act of care for this surgeon, who acted for the common good and in fear of divine judgment. This essay looks at possible limiting factors in surgical practice, such as theological issues concerning the body and soul, or the consideration of the notion of moral responsibility. Do charisma, faith, and divine intervention absolve the surgeon from such responsibility? This article will examine whether de Mondeville’s surgical practice was based on predefined principles and non-intervention in the natural order of things or if, on the contrary, the medieval surgeon was accountable for his actions and their consequences independently of divine grace, due to his making a reasoned choice in the context of an ethical approach. This analysis shows that the elements involved in medical decision-making rely on a moral basis, influenced by the Christian religion and normed by religious texts, but do not exclude recourse to an applied code of ethics for specific cases, reserving all freedom of action.
Vibration-Based Smart Sensor for High-Flow Dust Measurement
Authors: Reñones Anibal , Vega Cristina , de la Rosa Mario
Published: May 2023

Asphalt mixes comprise aggregates, additives and bitumen. The aggregates are of varying sizes, and the finest category, referred to as sands, encompasses the so-called filler particles present in the mixture, which are smaller than 0.063 mm. As part of the H2020 CAPRI project, the authors present a prototype for measuring filler flow, through vibration analysis. The vibrations are generated by the filler particles crashing to a slim steel bar capable of withstanding the challenging conditions of temperature and pressure within the aspiration pipe of an industrial baghouse. This paper presents a prototype developed to address the need for quantifying the amount of filler in cold aggregates, considering the unavailability of commercially viable sensors suitable for the conditions encountered during asphalt mix production. In laboratory settings, the prototype simulates the aspiration process of a baghouse in an asphalt plant, accurately reproducing particle concentration and mass flow conditions. The experiments performed demonstrate that an accelerometer positioned outside the pipe can replicate the filler flow within the pipe, even when the filler aspiration conditions differ. The obtained results enable extrapolation from the laboratory model to a real-world baghouse model, making it applicable to various aspiration processes, particularly those involving baghouses. Moreover, this paper provides open access to all the data and results used, as part of our commitment to the CAPRI project, with the principles of open science.
Formulating Cybersecurity Requirements for Autonomous Ships Using the SQUARE Methodology
Authors: Yoo Jiwoon , Jo Yonghyun
Published: May 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is crucial for developing autonomous ships in the maritime industry. Autonomous ships, based on the collected information, recognize the environment without any human intervention and operate themselves using their own judgment. However, ship-to-land connectivity increased, owing to the real-time monitoring and remote control (for unexpected circumstances) from land; this poses a potential cyberthreat to various data collected inside and outside the ships and to the applied AI technology. For the safety of autonomous ships, cybersecurity around AI technology needs to be considered, in addition to the cybersecurity of the ship systems. By identifying various vulnerabilities and via research cases of the ship systems and AI technologies, this study presents possible cyberattack scenarios on the AI technologies applied to autonomous ships. Based on these attack scenarios, cyberthreats and cybersecurity requirements are formulated for autonomous ships by employing the security quality requirements engineering (SQUARE) methodology.
Assessing the Value of Multimodal Interfaces: A Study on Human–Machine Interaction in Weld Inspection Workstations
Authors: Chojecki Paul , Strazdas Dominykas , Przewozny David , Gard Niklas , Runde Detlef , Hoerner Niklas , Al-Hamadi Ayoub , Eisert Peter , Bosse Sebastian
Published: May 2023

Multimodal user interfaces promise natural and intuitive human–machine interactions. However, is the extra effort for the development of a complex multisensor system justified, or can users also be satisfied with only one input modality? This study investigates interactions in an industrial weld inspection workstation. Three unimodal interfaces, including spatial interaction with buttons augmented on a workpiece or a worktable, and speech commands, were tested individually and in a multimodal combination. Within the unimodal conditions, users preferred the augmented worktable, but overall, the interindividual usage of all input technologies in the multimodal condition was ranked best. Our findings indicate that the implementation and the use of multiple input modalities is valuable and that it is difficult to predict the usability of individual input modalities for complex systems.
Adaptive Beam Divergence Control to Mitigate Scintillation Effect Caused by Pointing Error in Vertical FSO Transmissions
Authors: Park Hye-Min , Hyun Young-Jin , Han Sang-Kook
Published: May 2023

Free-space optical (FSO) communication has been studied for next-generation network systems. Because an FSO system establishes point-to-point communication links, maintaining alignment among the transceivers is a critical challenge. In addition, atmospheric turbulence causes significant signal loss in FSO vertical links. Even in clear weather conditions, transmitted optical signals suffer significant scintillation losses due to random variations. Thus, the effect of atmospheric turbulence should be considered in vertical links. In this paper, we analyze the relationship between pointing error and scintillation from the aspect of beam divergence angle. Furthermore, we propose an adaptive beam that optimizes its divergence angle according to the pointing error between the communicating optical transceivers to mitigate the effect of scintillation due to pointing error. We performed a beam divergence angle optimization and compared it with adaptive beamwidth. The proposed technique was demonstrated using simulations, which revealed an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio and the mitigation of the scintillation effect. The proposed technique would be useful in minimizing the scintillation effect in vertical FSO links.
An Intelligent Healthcare System Using IoT in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Jabeen Tallat , Jabeen Ishrat , Ashraf Humaira , Jhanjhi N. Z. , Yassine Abdulsalam , Hossain M. Shamim
Published: May 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) uses wireless networks without infrastructure to install a huge number of wireless sensors that track system, physical, and environmental factors. There are a variety of WSN uses, and some well-known application factors include energy consumption and lifespan duration for routing purposes. The sensors have detecting, processing, and communication capabilities. In this paper, an intelligent healthcare system is proposed which consists of nano sensors that collect real-time health status and transfer it to the doctor’s server. Time consumption and various attacks are major concerns, and some existing techniques contain stumbling blocks. Therefore, in this research, a genetic-based encryption method is advocated to protect data transmitted over a wireless channel using sensors to avoid an uncomfortable data transmission environment. An authentication procedure is also proposed for legitimate users to access the data channel. Results show that the proposed algorithm is lightweight and energy efficient, and time consumption is 90% lower with a higher security ratio.
Environmental Protection Provisions in International Investment Agreements: Global Trends and Chinese Practices
Authors: Su Kezhen , Shen Wei
Published: May 2023

Environmental protection provisions in international investment agreements (IIAs) are designed to respond to relevant concerns in foreign direct investment (FDI) activities. Environmental protection concerns in international investment may be observed in both international investment rules and arbitration, as the numbers of both relevant provisions in IIAs and international arbitration cases are on the rise. China has its corresponding domestic legislative agendas with respect to social transformation, and environmental protection requirements are a factor in both its domestic FDI law and bilateral investment treaty-making. It is anticipated that, while China is domestically pursuing a more environmentally friendly economic growth model, it may further explore an appropriate model for an international investment regulatory system in the context of environmental protection.
Modified DEMATEL Method Based on Objective Data Grey Relational Analysis for Time Series
Authors: Wang Qun , Huang Kai , Goh Mark , Jiao Zeyu , Jia Guozhu
Published: May 2023

Smart data selection can quickly sieve valuable information from initial data. Doing so improves the efficiency of analyzing situations to aid in better decision-making. Past methods have mostly been based on expert experience, which may be subjective and inefficient when dealing with large, complex datasets. Recently, the system analysis method has been exploited to find the key data. However, few studies address the indirect effects and heterogeneity of time series data. In this study, a data selection method, the modified Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method based on the objective data grey relational analysis (GRA), is used to enhance the ability to analyze time-series data. GRA was first applied to assess the direct impact in the raw data indicators. Then, a modified DEMATEL was adopted to find the overall impact by including the indirect impact and data heterogeneity. We applied the method to analyze the Commercial Modular Aero-Propulsion System Simulation (C-MAPSS) dataset and perform the remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of aircraft engines. The results suggest that our method predicts well. Our work offers a nuanced approach of identifying key information in time series data and has potential applications.
Pengembangan Enterprise arsitektur sistem informasi penelitian untuk mendukung tridharma perguruan tinggi menggunakan enterprise Planning (EAP)
Authors: Soegoto Yudistira
Published: May 2023

Saat ini teknologi informasi dan sistem informasi, memiliki dampak yang revolusioner dan memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam sebuah organisasi atau perusahaan, dimana perlu adanya keselarasan antara strategi bisnis dan strategi IT untuk mewujudkan organisasi yang efektif dan efisien. Universitas Komputer Indonesia (UNIKOM) sebagai perguruan tinggi swasta yang berkembang dengan pesat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan IT serta proses bisnisnya. Berdasarkan hasil observasi di lingkungan unikom di temukan bahwa penerapan sistem informasi saat ini hanya berokus pada kegiatan pendidikan saja, dan pada kegiatan penelitian hanya sebatas dokumentasi dan publikasi. sementara dalam IAPT dan peraturan UU No. 12 Tahun 2012, Pasal 1 Ayat 9 adalah kewajiban Perguruan Tinggi untuk menyelenggarakan Pendidikan, penelitian, dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat serta perguruan tinggi harus menjamin mutunya. Maka untuk mendukung kewajiban dan menjamin mutu yang ada di UNIKOM di bidang lain, diperlukan perancangan sistem informasi menggunakan Enterprise Arsitektur (EA). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan sistem informasi penelitian untuk mendukung tridhrma perguruan tinggi menggunakan Enterprise arsitektur Planning (EAP), melalui metodologi tersebut di harapkan dapat memberikan solusi terhadap dukungan kewajiban yang harus dijalankan unikom di bidang penelitian. Melalui penelitian ini maka akan menghasilkan blue print perancangan sistem informasi yang mampu mendukung proses bisnis di bidang penelitian yang ada di UNIKOM.
Designing Information Technology Architecture Based on TOGAF Methodology At Padang Karunia Group
Authors: Marwati Arum
Published: May 2023

Padang Karunia Group (PKG) is engaged in four main business areas coal mining, coal trading, mining contractor and infrastructure and has consistently delivered coal product to domestic and overseas market. There are problems in the business processes of PKGâ€™s everyday operations, such as: the waiting time for reports is over one day when it should be a few hours, data has more than one version and is not accurate, and demurrage (a charge payable to the owner of a chartered ship in respect of failure to load or discharge the ship within the time agreed). Issues occur because the role of IT is not optimal. The purpose of this study was to design an information technology (IT) architecture suitable for supporting the operation of the PKG. The correct IT architecture design can help companies to achieve their vision and mission. The right IT architecture for PKG will support all of its operations. The design of the IT architecture could be done with the existing framework using: EAP, TOGAF, FEA, DODAF, and Gartner Methodology. For this work the TOGAF was selected because it is open source, systematic, and thorough. Analysis was done using a business processes approach to obtain the IT needs mapped to the principles of business, information systems, applications, and information technology. The results from this study are a business architecture design, an information systems architecture, and a technology architecture appropriate to support the business of PKG.
Using COBIT-19 to Create Information Assurance of COVID-19 Application
Authors: Catur Pamuji Geraldi , Putra Yeffry Handoko , Wahdiniwaty Rahma
Published: May 2023

In the new era of covid-19 Pandemic, there is some COVID-19 Alert system which record patients exposed to covid-19 in around the world and also each provinces of Indonesia. The research goal is to make model to audit the COVID-19 Alert System with the issue of information assurance. The proposed model offers the audit assessment model to calculate the capability system in the perspective of Information Assurance. The method of assessment model is based on COBIT 2019 and also ISO / IEC 15504-2:2003 about requirement for performing Software Process Assessment. The result is the audit model equipped by the design factor for assessment model of COVID-19 Alert System, some process activities of audit and chosen mapping of control objectives to alignment goals for enterprise architect and auditor
Natifs numériques ou des raisons d’être optimistes
Authors: Rheingold Howard
Published: May 2023

Ce billet de blog posté par l’un des penseurs pionniers du réseau Internet, Howard Rheingold, décrit avec enthousiasme les pratiques des natifs digitaux, la jeunesse qui est née et grandit dans un environnement numérique, et les considère comme la promesse d’un engagement civique durable.
Économie d'une culture des biens ordinaires
Authors: Moulier Boutang Yann
Published: May 2023

Cet article de l’économiste Yann Moulier-Boutang indique les enjeux et tendances d’une économie de la culture régie par une nouvelle grande transformation, le capitalisme cognitif, dont la production de biens culturels ordinaires est emblématique.
La revue Médias dans l'espace public
Authors: Guérin Serge
Published: May 2023

Quels sont la place spécifique et le rôle des journalistes dans l’espace public ? La création de médias traitant des médias s’inscrit dans cette mutation de la profession journalistique.
La citation du réel : le 11-Septembre
Authors: Bell Anne-Laure
Published: May 2023

Le 11-Septembre plus qu’un autre jour, l’image a emporté l’opinion, également par sa répétition sans fin qui renforçait l’adhésion.
Quand la pub parle de pub
Authors: Soulages Jean-Claude
Published: May 2023

En mettant en scène nos contemporains figés dans leurs comportements routiniers, la publicité contribue à participer activement à cette dynamique d’empathie fondatrice des médias contemporains.
Garder les pieds sur terre
Authors: Ruellan Denis
Published: May 2023

Denis Ruellan, directeur du département Information-Communication de l’IUT de Lannion témoigne d’un bilan et d’une histoire de la formation des journalistes en France. Mais en filigrane, les questions sociales et les contextes politiques et économiques qui conditionnent l’information grèvent toute velléité d’instaurer des principes définitifs concernant la formation. L’expérience de la formation ne peut être qu’une attention fine portée à ceux que l’on forme.
Enquête sur la provenance des étudiants en journalisme
Authors: Lafarge Géraud , Marchetti Dominique
Published: May 2023

Géraud Lafarge et Dominique Marchetti donnent ici les résultats d’une enquête inédite sur la provenance et le profil des étudiants dans les formations de journalistes en France. Origines sociales, féminisation des inscriptions, le lecteur dispose d’indications précises. Partant de cette étude, les auteurs posent une question : peut-on parler en France d’un «droit d’entrée social » dans les écoles de journalisme ?
Plus personne n'est journaliste
Authors: Badillo Patrick-Yves , Bourgeois Dominique , Lesourd Jean-Baptiste , Peyron-Bonjan Christiane
Published: May 2023

La déferlante des TIC introduit une restructuration du système médiatique et par là même une redéfinition du statut journalistique. En s’opposant au «tous journalistes !», Patrick-Yves Badillo, Dominique Bourgeois, Jean-Baptiste Lesourd et Christiane Peyron Bonjan prônent l’application des codes déontologiques au journalisme web ainsi qu’une formation journalistique sérieuse fondée sur la recherche d’une haute qualité de l’information et une éthique de la responsabilité.
La formation des journalistes en Amérique
Authors: Brin Colette
Published: May 2023

Colette Brin, professeur associé à l’université Laval (Québec) et rédactrice en chef de Projet.ca, observatoire indépendant du journalisme, présente ici les spécificités et les enjeux de la formation journalistique en Amérique du Nord. L’enseignement du journalisme se fait exclusivement au sein de l’université et entretient à ce titre des liens étroits avec le monde de la recherche. Tout comme en France, les formateurs en journalisme doivent faire face à de nouveaux défis tels que le développement du journalisme participatif, ou encore un marché de l’emploi fragilisé.
Les défis de l'enseignement du journalisme au Brésil
Authors: Cardoso Dalla Costa Rosa Maria
Published: May 2023

Ce voyage au Brésil est, pourrait-on dire, édifiant ! Médias tenus par quelques familles, oligarchie aidant, formations publiques laissées à l’abandon au profit de l’enseignement privé, image «glamour » du journaliste qui n’a rien à voir avec droiture morale et dénonciation des injustices sociales… Ce tableau sonne étrangement dans la vieille France républicaine, mais donne une très bonne idée de ce à quoi pourrait ressembler la formation des journalistes en Europe si se poursuit la grande marche vers le libéralisme. Ce texte analyse la formation des journalistes au Brésil, en considérant ses aspects historiques, économiques, politiques et sociaux. Dans un paysage médiatique aux origines «oligarchiques», face à la privatisation de l’enseignement supérieur, ce bilan n’est pas très optimiste.