bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Examination of Physician-assisted Suicide Policies in Several Countries
Authors: LEE Hongyeul
Published: July 2023

In South Korea, a proposal that would legalize physician-assisted suicide was recently introduced in the National Assembly. According to this proposal, patients with a terminal illness who are experiencing constant and unbearable physical or mental suffering that cannot be alleviated could request medical assistance in the suspension of life. This article describes the current status of physician-assisted suicide in countries that have already legalized it, such as the Netherlands, Belgium, and Canada, and discusses some of the controversial aspects concerning the recent proposal to legalize physician-assisted suicide in South Korea.
ANALISIS KONTRASTIF KATA KERJA BERDASARKAN WAKTU DALAM BAHASA ARAB DENGAN BAHASA PALEMBANG
Authors: Suharsono Suharsono , Ami Rahmat Ami Rahmat
Published: July 2023

This article is aim to describe the difference between Arabic fi'il and Palembang language verbs from the aspect of adverbs of time. The method of this research is qualitative in the form of contrastive analisis. the collecting data, this research used a contrastive synchronic research method. The stages in this research are the stages of providing data, then the data obtained is analyzed, then after being analyzed the data will be presented. The data used are several vocabularies that contain information about time in both the Palembang language and Arabic. The result of this research is the difference in the adverbs of time used in the two languages, both past, present and future.
PARENTING STYLES OF LOW-INCOME PARENTS AGAINST TRUANCY SYMPTOMS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Saad Liza , Hamid Nizam , Sani Noraidah , Kamal Ummu Athilia
Published: July 2023

The main purpose of this study is to examine the influence of parenting styles on the issue of school truancy among secondary school students in the state of Perlis. A total of N=303 (male, n=142 and female, n=161) students from 13 National Secondary Schools (SMK) participated in this study. The study sample consisted of those who recorded school attendance below the mean of 83.24 percent attendance for a period of one year (March 2022 – February 2023). In addition, their parents are low-income (B40). The research instrument used in this study is the PAQ questionnaire (Parental Authority Question). Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the gender and level of each parenting style. Inferential statistics, namely multiple linear regression, was used to analyze the most dominant and significant parenting style of school truancy. Findings show that the authoritarian parenting style at a high level (M=3.47, SP=0.66) is more dominant than the authoritative parenting style at a medium level (M=2.76, SP=0.68), and the permissive parenting style at a low level (M=2.33, SP) =0.75). In the meantime, multiple linear regression analysis found that the authoritative parenting style (r=0.68) and permissive parenting style (r=0.86) have a strong and significant relationship with the symptoms of school truancy. On the other hand, the relationship between the dependent variable i.e. truancy, and the independent variable authoritarian parenting style shows a weak negative relationship (r=0.29). Thus, the school, especially the Malaysian Ministry of Education, needs to take into account the parental factor in planning all programs or interventions to prevent truancy among school students.
VACUUM THERAPY VICTORY IN COMPLEX SURGICAL REPAIR OF WOUNDS OF THE LOWER KINTSIVOKS WHICH THE TRIVALO DO NOT START
Authors: Goltsev K. A.
Published: July 2023

Summary. Aim. In the last decade, a new direction of using diffusion-separating membrane processes has been intensively developed in regenerative medicine — VAC therapy, the use of which would help to strengthen the correction of metabolic imbalance in damaged tissues, as well as to remove the most toxic low-molecular compounds and at the same time preserve the factors of regeneration, protection of the body and wound surfaces from infection in patients with wounds of the lower extremities that do not heal for a long time.

Purpose. Improvement of the results of complex surgical treatment of patients with long-term non-healing wounds of the lower extremities.

Materials and methods. The paper presents an analysis of the materials of self-observations and a retrospective study of the medical histories of 168 patients with long-term non-healing wounds who were treated at the surgical disease clinic of the KNP Kharkiv Regional Council “Regional Clinical Hospital” in the period from 2018 to 2022. All patients were divided into 2 clinical groups to assess the clinical effectiveness of the proposed treatment methods: the main group (87 people) – on the background of complex therapy, local wound treatment was carried out using the vac-complex, and a comparison group (81 people), these patients were treated with traditional means (water-soluble ointments, antiseptic solutions, etc.) on the background of complex therapy.

Results. Our clinical data show that the largest number of patients had long-term non-healing wounds formed after purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues (47.1 %), followed by trophic ulcers in varicose disease (28.7 %) and trophic ulcers in diabetes (24.1 %). The following parameters were included in the complex of clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of local treatment: reduction of the size of the wound surface, cleansing of the wound from purulent-necrotic exudate, the appearance of granulations, the beginning of marginal epithelization. The obtained data indicate that the cleansing of the wound and the onset of the second phase in terms of all parameters characterizing the wound process occurred faster when using the VAC bandage than in the comparison group. Bandages were less painful and more comfortable. At the same time, young granulation tissue was not injured, as was observed in patients in the comparison group.

Conclusions. For the local treatment of non-healing wounds for a long time, the use of VAC therapy is recommended, thanks to the use of which, in the main group of patients, faster wound cleansing occurs (6.1±0.8) days, filling with granulations and the appearance of marginal epithelization (8.8±0.5) days, treatment times are reduced (19.5±06) days, p<0.05.
Fostering Equal Education in Nigeria
Authors: Umunakwe Bruno Onyinye
Published: July 2023

This study aimed at advocating for equal right to education to all beneficiaries irrespective of variant sexual orientations and gender identities. Though the philosophy of Nigerian education has inclusive education at its centre, stakeholders at learning centres have turned against integrating LGBTIQ+ individuals to the mainstream of educational system. The study adopted discuss analytical method and data were analyzed through a wide range of sources like documented interviews/school plans, commentaries, books from library, and relevant websites. The research findings showed that variant sex orientation and identities constitute a core part in which some people are denied the right to education. The study concluded that access to education is a fundamental right which should be guarded judiciously.
Elites locais, cooptação e atividade política de oposicionistas no início da Primeira República
Authors: Gomes Sandro Aramis Richter
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo desenvolve-se uma investigação acerca da organização interna e da ação política de uma agremiação oposicionista denominada Partido Democrático (PD). Essa agremiação existiu no Estado do Paraná, de 1892 a 1893. Por meio de um estudo de caso, o objetivo deste trabalho é avançar na compreensão dos processos de formação e ocaso dos partidos de oposição que existiram no Brasil ao tempo da Primeira República. Há três argumentos sustentados neste trabalho. Primeiro, demonstra-se que o PD era comandado por ex-integrantes do Partido Conservador. Nos anos finais do Império, eles já estavam envolvidos na gestão de diretórios partidários. Segundo, ressalta-se que o PD obteve adesões em distintos municípios. Contudo, essa base de apoio logo se desfez. Terceiro, cumpre evidenciar que uma parcela dos filiados desse partido foi cooptada pelo partido governista. Desse modo, o PD não conseguiu se consolidar como a principal agremiação da oposição paranaense.
Virtual fitness group classes in the pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Almeida Daniela , Murta Bruna , Pinto João , Campos Francisco
Published: July 2023

Fitness is characterized by a continuous evolution, subject to major changes due to the incorporation of technology. This evolution has grown exponentially, with COVID-19 pandemic. A quality service that leads to participant satisfaction is a main current concern, being “good technical support” one of the service characteristics most valued. Is intended to characterize the opinion of fitness group activities (FGA) instructors about: quality characteristics of a presential FGA; preservation/maintenance of quality indicators in a virtual FGA; advantages of presential and virtual FGA; specificity of the technical support in presential and virtual FGA. An interview was designed, validated by experts, and applied to 20 gym instructors from Coimbra. Was used content analysis to analyze the data. The results allow us to conclude that in an presential class the quality indicators most referred by the instructors are planning and motivation; instruction, motivation and interpersonal relationship are less upheld in a virtual FGA; it is possible to state that the instructor presents more advantages in an presential context compared to a virtual one; and technical monitoring is more adequate in presential class, but we must consider the moment pandemic situation, which forced virtual intervention.
The Influence Of Communication Changes Through Information Technology On Cucurak Culture In Welcoming Holy Month Of Ramadan
Authors: Muslim Muslim , Reza Muchammad , Santoso Hudi
Published: July 2023

This research highlights the influence of digital media technology in the Cucurak cultural tradition in Bogor. The tradition of Cucurak is an integral part of welcoming Ramadan. For generations, the tradition continues to be maintained by the community to this day. Research on the cultural tradition of Cucurak in Bogor, family communication media in welcoming the holy month of Ramdahan uses qualitative methods with an ethnographic approach to communication. The Cucurak cultural tradition in Bogor which is celebrated by the people of Bogor in addition to other ritual and cultural ceremonies there has a social role in order to establish relationships with fellow family members, and plays a religious role, namely establishing human relationships with God Almighty. Cucurak every year is always there or the MUpload event must be a gathering in the big family. This cucurak contains its philosophy in once, not everyone can and wants to share food in one bed of leaves like we do this. The cucurak tradition in addition to strengthening ties of friendship is also a strong message in building togetherness. This we all sit equally, no one high or low.
Pengaruh Perkawinan di Bawah Umur terhadap Tingkat Perceraian
Authors: Virmansyah M. Afrizal , Abdul Azis Mohamad
Published: July 2023

Perkawinan merupakan sesuatu hal yang sakral dan tidak bisa dianggap biasa saja, membina keluarga dengan baik merupakah tujuan yang ingin dicapai oleh sepasang suami-istri namun dalam kenyataannya sering kali masalah mucul dan tidak bisa mencari jalan keluar yang tepat sehingga terjadi perceraian. Perkawinan di bawah umur mempunyai banyak masalah dari ekonomi atau finansial sampai permusuhan dari keduanya. Data dari BKKBN menyebutkan bahwa umur yang tepat untuk melakukan perkawinan sekitar umur 20-25 karena sudah siap dari sisi mental dan psikologis untuk menghadai masalah-masalah yang ada.
The Geopolitical Conditions Of The Emergence Of The Democratic Republic Of Azerbaijan (1918): A Brief Overview
Authors: Harutyunyan Anush
Published: July 2023

Two Russian revolutions of 1917 were the turning points that shaped the
development of Transcaucasia leading first to the separation of the region from Russia
and then to the emergence of three independent states: Armenia, Georgia and
Azerbaijan. However, it was not only revolutionary processes within Russia and the
ensuing civil war that determined the independence of the Transcaucasia, but also the
clash and combination of interests of a number of regional and extra-regional states։
Ottoman Empire, German Empire, Great Britain, Soviet power, and White army in
Southern Russia. The main goal of this research is to reveal the combination of those
geopolitical conditions, which led to the creation of a new state called “Azerbaijan” in the
Eastern Transcaucasia. In the article are examined the following issues: the political
approaches of Muslims, the Caucasian invasion of Turkish army and the declaration of
Azerbaijan’s independence, Baku as a key to real independence or destruction. Overall,
it is important to discuss the purpose and legality of naming the newly formed state after
the historical name of the territory that is a constituent part of another state.
Exploring for the desert kite in Altay’s petroglyphs
Authors: Ganbold Tsenguun
Published: July 2023

The desert kite is well-known archaeological feature in the Middle East and Western Central Asia, but its role in Mongolia is under-examined. This kind of archaeological feature was distributed over a large geographic area and it is not known whether they represent a single widespread tradition or multiple independent traditions. Desert kites have been dated from the Early Neolithic to the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages. In this paper, we explore the possibility of identifying similar archaeological site in Mongolia based on comparisons with other regions and related petroglyphs in Altay mountains.

Алтайн хадны зургаас томог зангыг хайж тодруулах нь

Товчлол. Алтайн салбар уулс томоохон хадны зургийн цогцолбор дурсгалаар нэн баялаг бөгөөд хадны зурагт дүрслэгдсэн нэгэн дүрслэлийг нэхэн сурвалжилсан болно. Тус дүрслэл нь хадны зургийн аж ахуйн сэдэвт зохиомжийн [Батболд 2014] ан агнуурын дэд төрөлд хамаарагдах занганы дүрслэл бөгөөд Цагаан салаа, Бичигтийн ам, Ловонгийн нуруу, Халхайтын үзүүр гэх мэт олон газраас олдсон байна. Цаашлаад уг дүрслэл биет дурсгал байж болохыг сурвалжлах явцад Өмнөговь аймгийн Ханхонгор сумын нутгаас сонирхолтой нэгэн дурсгал олдсонтой харьцуулсан ба дараагийн удаа тус газарт сорилтын малтлага хийх санал дэвшүүллээ.

Түлхүүр үг: Монгол Алтай, Хадны зураг, Хоморго ав, Дүрслэл, Цогцолбор дурсгал
Educação corporativa
Authors: Santos Renata Ferreira Castaldelli dos , Rocha Silvia Lucia , Zorzo Adalberto
Published: July 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar, em forma de metodologia de revisão bibliográfica, as diversidades de um sistema de educação corporativa e quais os resultados sucedidos de sua implantação. Atualmente, as empresas desenvolvem seus próprios recursos, investindo na educação corporativa como forma de atender as exigências da sucessão de valores. Dessa maneira, surgem, então, as universidades corporativas como forma de personificar a filosofia da aprendizagem da organização, cuja meta é oferecer a todos os funcionários o conhecimento e as competências necessárias para que os objetivos estratégicos sejam alcançados. Este artigo analisa o conceito de educação corporativa, aprendizagem contínua e universidade corporativa com a sua importância frente às empresas que as utilizam, além de leis, benefícios e problemas de implementação. Conclui-se que a educação corporativa é um instrumento que personifica a filosofia da aprendizagem da organização e gera vantagem competitiva.
Case Study of Nursing Care in Children of Typoid Fever with Ineffective Intervention of Termoregulation in Child Care Room Rsia Sitti Khadijah
Authors: Modjo Dewi , Sudirman Andi Akifa , Hunowu Sri Yulian , Husain Fadli
Published: July 2023

Good fulfillment of children's basic needs will ensure that children's health is maintained and their development will not be disturbed. The most dangerous threat in reducing children's health status is infectious disease. One of them is typhoid fever. The main complaint found in children is fever. Fever in children requires separate treatment and handling that is different compared to adults. To overcome this problem, a typhoid action plan is carried out, namely monitoring the temperature at least every 2 hours, giving warm water compresses, giving parental fluids, and collaborating with doctors about administering antipyretic drugs. This research is a quantitative study using a quasi-experimental design that provides treatment or intervention to research subjects and then the effect of the treatment is measured and analyzed. The research design used is a case study design approach. This design is used to see changes after being given warm compresses to patients with impaired thermoregulation. The sample in this study were 3 respondents, the data collection technique was using observation sheets. The results of this study have shown an optimal scale because children's thermoregulation is effective.
CLASS TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE SELECTED FACTORS ON BOY CHILD DROP-OUT IN PUBLIC MIXED DAY SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KERICHO COUNTY, KENYA.
Authors: Chelangat Koech Evaline , Mulambula Dr.S.M.
Published: July 2023

Despite the fact that the government of Kenya has introduced Free Primary Education (FPE) and Free Day Secondary Education (FDSE), many school going age boys have been dropping out of school. School dropout for boys is a very serious issue not only in Kenya but also in the whole world. Although many studies have been carried out in other parts of Kenya, none has investigated the factors behind the increased dropout of the boy child in secondary education particularly in Kericho County. The main purpose of this study was to investigate class teachers’ perceptions on selected factors influencing the boy-child’s drop-out in mixed day secondary schools in Kericho County. The objectives of the study were: to examine class teachers’ perceptions on the influence of social factors on boy child drop-out,to examine class teachers’ perceptions on the influence of economic factors on boy child drop-out and to find out class teachers’ perceptions on the influence of schoolbased factors on boy child dropout. The study used mixed method research design utilizing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study was guided by Gibson’s Theory of Direct Perception and Bronfenbrenner’s Biosystems Theory. The research was pragmatic and adopted descriptive survey research design. The target population comprised 176 form 4 class teachers. Multistage sampling was used during sampling whereby 121 schools were sampled to participate in the study. Krejce and Morgan sample size determination table was used to select a sample size of 121 public secondary schools. From the table, 121 form 4 class teachers were sampled purposively. Data was collected using questionnaires. Piloting of the instruments was carried out to ensure reliability which was estimated using split-half reliability. Validity of the instruments was ascertained in relation to the set objectives. Quantitative data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Qualitative data was presented thematically and in narrations and quotations. The findings of the study will be used to provide useful information to the ministry of education policy makers on the implementation of workable strategies that will promote boys’ education and provide a basis upon which other studies can be anchored. The results may be of much significance to teachers, parents and students in understanding the factors that influence education retention among the boys and come up with other ways of curbing this drop-out problem.
Metoclopramida: usos y reacciones adversas
Authors: Navarro Alvarado María José , Lin Wu Edwin , Quesada Salas Allan Humberto , Quesada Arguedas Daniela
Published: July 2023

La metoclopramida es un fármaco antiemético y procinético de amplio uso en diversos servicios de emergencia. Se ha documentado su eficacia en el tratamiento de patologías que involucran náuseas, vómitos, gastroparesia, migraña vestibular, disfagia y reflujo gastroesofágico. Estas afecciones, que son motivos frecuentes de consulta, pueden ser tratadas eficazmente gracias a la acción central y periférica de la metoclopramida sobre los receptores de dopamina mediante su antagonismo. Sin embargo, es común que se produzcan reconsultas debido a trastornos del movimiento secundarios a su uso, siendo los adultos mayores una población especialmente susceptible a estos efectos adversos. Aunque se han descrito fármacos que pueden revertir esta sintomatología, como los anticolinérgicos y antihistamínicos, todavía es necesario obtener más evidencia para respaldar su uso.
PROBABILITY MODELING OF LOW FLOWS AT DIFFERENT SITES OF INDUS BASIN IN PAKISTAN USING L-MOMENTS AND TL-MOMENTS
Authors: I. Ahmad
Published: July 2023

At-site Frequency Analysis (ASFA) of low flow was carried out for nine sites ofIndus basin in Pakistan. In the present study, 10-day annual low flow series were analyzed by robustestimation methods such as Method of L-moment (ML) and TL-moment (MTL) to identify best fitprobability distributions for each site. Best distribution for each site was identified using differentgoodness-of-fit Tests (GFT). No single probability distribution was declared as the best-fit distributionfor all sites included in the plan. The GFT results indicated GPA was the most appropriate distributionfor most of the sites followed by GLO and GEV distributions. On comparison, it was found that formost of the sites ML was best estimation method and for others MTL. For ASFA, the quantiles of bestfit distribution were also estimated. It was found that estimated low flows based on fitted distributionwere in close agreement with observed flows
INNOVATIVE APPROACH ENSURING SECURITY AND PRIVACY IN CLOUD COMPUTING
Authors: R. Masood
Published: July 2023

Many organizations had been keeping their data on the clouds. The trend nowhasbeen shifted from the pre-reservation of resources to store, manage and process data on clouds. In theinformation technology, the most challenging task isthe security of data and to avoid technical andinternal failures and attacks of unauthorized accesses. Consequently, the emphasis of this study wastoimplement Honey Encryption (HE)that offered more confidentiality and flexibility against the bruteforce attacks. HE ensured that the message that wasdecrypted with false keys, which looked like avalid key, so it was difficult to differentiate between authentic and unauthentic data. This studyprovidedthe confidentiality of data and maintained consistent relations integral in the cloud. Itempowered the user to perform computation and storage tasks withoutrevealing data innards.
REMOTE SENSING AND GIS FOR DENGUE EPIDEMIC RISK MAPPING IN LAHORE, PAKISTAN
Authors: B. Tariq
Published: July 2023

Over the last two decades, dengue fever has become a major mosquito borne diseasein Pakistan. Dengue outbreaks were reported in the major cities of Pakistan especially in Lahore wherethe number of dengue cases increased radically in 2011 making it the worst epidemic in the nationalhistory. It had been observed that dengue virus population increases in specific climatic conditions andthere were some Environmental Factors EFs that promoted its growth. The objective of this study wasto propose an advance approach to identify the risk prone areas by linking these factors with dengueoutbreaks using satellite data and Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques. Informationprovided in terms of spatial and temporal distribution patterns of dengue fever outbreaks in Lahore andits relationships with EFs was helpful in developing dengue risk map. The results showed that most ofthe cases occurred in those areas which received heavy rainfall R2 ranging from 0.66 to 0.8 followed by high temperature and low Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI).
INVESTIGATION OF TEMPERATURE IN ORTHOPAEDIC DRILLING USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: M. Jamil
Published: July 2023

Rise in temperature is inevitable in orthopaedic drilling. Massive research had beendone in the field of orthopaedic drilling to investigate the effect of cutting conditions, bone relatedparameters, and drill bit geometric parameters on heat generation and minimum surrounding tissuesinjury. In present research, contradictory conclusions regarding the cutting conditions and drill bitgeometric parameters were observed. Minimum temperature of 31°C was achieved at speed of 186rpm, feed of 0.196 mm/rev, drill diameter of 3.85mm, and drill tip angle of 110°. Response SurfaceMethodology (RSM) was used to develop a mathematical model to predict the type of relationshipbetween inputs and response. It was concluded that the most influencing parameter was drill diameter.
ROLE OF SELENIUM AND VITAMIN E IN LACTOSE BASED EXTENDER ON SEMEN CRYOPRESERVATION OF BUFFALO BULL (BUBALUS BUBALIS)
Authors: M. Ali
Published: July 2023

This study was designed to evaluate the supplementation of various concentrations of selenium and vitamin E and combinations in lactose egg-yolk-glycerol based extender on cryosurvival of buffalo bull semen. The semen of four healthy donor bulls and ejaculates (n= 80) were processed and pooled. The collected semen was extended with the experimental extenders and then frozen. The frozen straws of semen were thawed and analyzed for motility, viability, acrosomal integrity and functional integrity of sperm. The study indicated that combined use of selenium and vitamin E @ 2μg/ml + 0.75 mg/ml supplemented in extender had significantly (P<0.05) increased sperm motility, viability, acrosomal integrity and functional membrane integrity. Selenium (2μg/ml) in freezing extender also improved semen cryosurvival. The provision of selenium (3μg/ml) alone and in combination with Vitamin E (1 mg/ml) did not provide any beneficial impact on sperm cryosurvival. It was concluded that addition of selenium and vitamin E alone in fructose lactose egg yolk glycerol extender increased the cryosurvival of buffalo sperms.
EFFICACY OF COMBINATION OF AMOXICILLIN AND CLAVULANIC ACID IN THE TREATMENT OF PYODERMA IN BEETAL GOATS
Authors: M. A. Zafar
Published: July 2023

The present study was conducted in forty Beetal goats presented with severe-graded pyoderma on clinical grounds. These goats were treated with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid combination and compared with the treatment regimen already practiced in field i.e. co-trimazine. For this purpose, goats were randomly divided into two groups; A (control) and B (experimental), with 20 animals in each group. Group A was treated with co-trimazine, while group B was administered intramuscularly with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid combination at the rate of 15 mg/kg body weight (BW). At seventh day of treatment, goats of both groups were evaluated for comparative efficacy of two treatment protocols through observing the clinical manifestations of disease. Complete clinical cure of the lesions or a marked improvement was set as the main criterion for evaluation of efficacy of drugs. In group B, 18 (90%) goats showed clinical cure of therapy, while cure rate in group A was 11 (55%) which showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in success rate of treatment protocol in group B over its counterpart (group A). The results of the study have shown that that severe cases of pyoderma in goats could be effectively treated with the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid.
EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF OPEN FIELD TOMATO PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB: A NON PARAMETRIC DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: Q. Ali
Published: July 2023

This study was designed to calculate production efficiency (technical, economic and allocative) and determinants of inefficiency in open field tomato production in Punjab, Pakistan. Simple random sampling was used for primary data collection from 70 farmers in 2014. Data envelopment analysis explored the mean of technical (79.4%), allocative (58.1%) and economic (45.9%) efficiency. It showed the capability of 21.6 and 41.9% reduction in inputs and total cost, respectively with same output and technology. For sub groups, technical efficiency (92.1%) was more for medium farmer while allocative (74.2%) and economic efficiency (63.8%) was higher for large farmer. Tobit model explored the negative impact of education, experience, extension services and credit availability on inefficiency. Impact on inefficiency was positive for family size, area and vegetable market distance.
NUTRITIONAL VALUE ASSESSMENT AND PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF GAMMA IRRADIATED GRAPES
Authors: N. Munir
Published: July 2023

Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) belong to the family Vitaceae that are the best source of energy. The present research was focused to increase the shelf life and controlling the amount of fruit losses by optimizing the dose of gamma radiation and proximate analysis post gamma radiation. In the present study, grape samples were exposed to three doses of gamma radiation i.e. 0.5, 0.8 and 1 KGy. Nutritional value of grapes after gamma radiation was analyzed to determine the change in proximate composition. Through experimentation, it was observed that 0.8 KGy was optimized dose as the sensory properties remained unchanged and shelf life of grapes was increased up to 14 days. However the overall effect of gamma radiation enhanced the shelf life with a non-significant effect. Hence, gamma radiation is a promising technique in increasing country’s economy.
STUDY OF IN-VITRO PROBIOTIC PROPERTIES AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN LACTOBACILLI ISOLATED FROM COMMERCIAL PROBIOTIC PRODUCTS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: S.A. Batool
Published: July 2023

The aim of the study was analysis of in-vitro probiotic properties and antibiotic resistance in lactobacilli isolated from commercial probiotic products from Pakistan. Lactobacilli were identified by biochemical testing and genus specific polymerase chain reaction. Probiotic properties including tolerance to low pH and bile salts, auto-aggregation, co-aggregation and antimicrobialactivity, and antibiotic resistance pattern of all isolates was determined. A total of 14 lactobacilli isolates were recovered from nine products while three products had no lactobacilli. All isolates except AB6 were tolerant to acidic condition (pH: 2). All isolates except AB13 showed growth in presence of bile salts (0.5%). Lactobacilli showed variable auto-aggregation (01-97%) and co-aggregation with E. coli and S. enteritidis (37.5±7.7-92.4±7.3 and 31.6±6.4-95.8±4.0, respectively). Nine isolates showed activity against S. enteritidis while six isolates had activity against E. coli. Lactobacilli showed higher level of resistance to meropenem (100%), imipenem (92.85%), polymyxin B (92.85%), kanamycin (92.85%) and aztreonam (78.75%), intermediate level of resistance to vancomycin (64.2%), gentamycin (57.14%) and ciprofloxacin (42.85%), low level of resistance to ampicillin (35.71%), bacitracin (35.71%), penicillin (28.5%) and tetracycline (28.50%), and no resistance to erythromycin and chloramphenicol. It was concluded that transferable antibiotic resistance is present in commercial probiotics which may pose a threat to public safety.
IMPACTS OF RAINFALL AND TEMPERATURE VARIABILITY ON WHEAT PRODUCTION IN DISTRICT BAHAWALNAGAR, PAKISTAN FROM 1983-2016
Authors: N.mazhar
Published: July 2023

In Pakistan, wheat is the principal food crop contributing 2.8 GDP in country’s economy. For wheat production different factors are responsible, one of them is climate. This study has been carried out in Bahawalnagar, lying in arid zone of Punjab, to investigate the impact of year to year changes in meteorological parameters like rainfall and temperature on wheat production during the wheat cropping season i.e. November-April. This study focused to find out the impact of variation in temperature and rainfall on wheat production. Multiple linear regression model was applied to check out the relationship between the dependent (production) and independent (rainfall, temperature, area) variables. A significant regression equation was found with R2 of .946, thus explaining 94% variance in the response variable. The model was also tested through ANOVA and the significance of p-value was .000. Results concluded a strong denial of relationship of temperature and rainfall variability with wheat production in Bahawalnagar, however a strong relationship between area under cultivation and wheat production nwas identified.
MYCOTOXINS AND MYCOTOXICOSIS
Authors: T. Ali
Published: July 2023

Mycotoxins, toxic metabolites of filamentous fungi, are small organic molecules implicated in several human and animal health issues. A wide range of filamentous fungi is involved in the production of mycotoxins under suitable environmental conditions. Mycotoxins are usually ingested with food or drinking material and the implications are known as mycotoxicosis. Mycotoxicosis is responsible for lowered weight gain, immune suppressions, hepatic disorders and impairment of other body organs. Main actions include mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and cytolysis. These toxins are among major cause of vaccination failures and stunted growth in human beings. The toxins are highly stable and resistant to environmental influences. The only way is the proper storage conditions of food products by avoiding fungal contamination especially which are mycotoxinsproducers.
SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS: A MAJOR THREAT FOR DISEASE AND FOOD POISONING
Authors: T. Ali
Published: July 2023

Salmonella enteritidis is a major threat to human health in relation to disease and food poisoning. Bacteria transfer from multiple animal origin food products and non-living contaminated surfaces to human being. Salmonellosis is fatal in individuals having immune suppression. Cause more damage to young and old age population. Number of cases and losses due to diseases can be reduced by in time and accurate diagnosis using rationale and advanced techniques. Molecular techniques provide promising results for diagnosis in shortest time. Timely treatment of Salmonellosis using appropriate antibiotics is a key component in cure of patients. In areas where infection is endemic vaccination using appropriate bacterial serotype and strain must be used for prevention of disease. Consumption of hygienic food is the major precaution to avoid infections with Salmonellosis.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MAJOR SEED STORAGE PROTEINS: II. APIACEAE FAMILY FOUND IN SINDH, PAKISTAN
Authors: S.K. Khanzada
Published: July 2023

Seeds of 6 medicinally important plants they belong to family Apiaceae growing in Sindh province of Pakistan, including Anethum graveolens - dill, Apium graveolens - celery, Coriandrum sativum - coriander, Cuminum cyminum - cumin, Foeniculum vulgare -fennel, Trachyspermum ammi L - Carom, the deduction of four main seed storage proteins i.e. albumin, globulin, prolamin and glutelin. All plant species found and cultivated in Sindh, Pakistan. Proteins were seed flour was extracted by sequential steps of extractions including delipidation (removal of oil), water (albumin), 5.0 M NaCl (globulin), 70% ethonal (prolamin), and 0.2 M Na3PO4 buffer, pH8.0 (glutelin). Quantitative estimation was performed Dye binding technique of Bradford used for quantifiable estimation and found huge differences in terms of their concentrations and overall production (Table-1). Among all seed plants the albumin fraction was observed high in family Apiaceae where, C. cyminum (85.01%) and T. ammi L (47.12%) containing the highest, A. graveolans, F. vulgare, C. sativam L (37.66%, 36.88%, 30.14%, respectively) contains the medium while, the lowest concentration was observed in A. graveolans L. (29.11%). Globulin with the second dominant protein fraction may also vary from 3.52% in C. cyminum to 50% in C. sativam L. The meaningful increase in prolamin was observed in T. ammi L (33.08%), A. graveolans L (28.11%), A. graveolans, F. vulgare (21.34%) while, the lowest of around (9.6%) in C. cyminum, C. sativam L seeds. On the other hand, a consistent pattern of 5 to 20% of glutelin concentration was detected among every plant seeds (with exception of A. graveolans L having 23%). To the help of our research information, this study for the first time reported the comparative seed storage proteins profile of the family Apiacea and its possible medicinal and biotechnological application.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL SCREENING; IDENTIFICATION OF ANTICANCER, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT PRINCIPLES BY FRACTIONATION AND GC- MS PROFILING OF FRUITS OF GUAIACUM OFFICINALE L.
Authors: S. Shoukat
Published: July 2023

The present work is an attempt to find out biological potential of various extracts and ethanol fractions of Guaiacum officinale L. Sequential extraction was performed with different solvents. One of the active extracts (ethanol) was fractionated by column chromatography and the other (n-hexane) was profiled by GC-MS. The antimicrobial potential was tested against pathogenic bacteria by a well diffusion process and only one strain (S. aureus) displayed a significant resistance against different samples. For the cytotoxic effect, MTT assay was used on normal (BHK) and cancerous (HepG2) cell lines. n-Hexane, chloroform and ethanol extracts showed IC50 at 3.38, 3.56 and 2.607 mg/ml respectively. Furthermore, two fractions (i.e. F=2 and 3) fractions showed significant IC50 at 74.9 and 130.8 μg/ml respectively compared to the standard (Cisplatin, IC50 =16 μg/ml). No toxic effect was experienced against the normal cell line, showing it is safe in cancer therapy. The DPPH analysis revealed a significant antioxidant potential of the plant like n-hexane, chloroform and ethanol represented 68.67%, 73.00% and 77.67% RSA respectively, whereas F=1 to F=7 along with ascorbic acid showed moderate to less antioxidant effect, i.e. 55.93%, 68.56%, 50.19%, 9.64%, 28.40%, 12.63%, 32.54%, and 81.53%, correspondingly. Based on the above findings, it is highly recommended for further purification, isolation and identification of biomolecules from fruits of G. officinale as a possible extension of the present project.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF KETONE BODIES IN BLOOD AND URINE FOR THE DETECTION OF SUBCLINICAL KETOSIS IN POSTPARTUM BUFFALOES
Authors: M. R. Alahi  , M. A. Khan  , A. G. Qamar  , M. A. Jabbar  , A. Iqbal  , M. Arshad  , G. Abbas
Published: July 2023

Buffaloes are one of the major contributors of milk production in Pakistan. Like other dairy animals, it also faces a variety of metabolic disorders right after parturition. Among these problems ketosis is a major one in high producing buffaloes when energy demands (e.g. high milk production) exceed energy intake and result in a negative energy balance. When large amount of body fat is utilized as an energy source to support production, fat is sometimes mobilized faster than the liver can properly metabolize it. If this situation occurs, ketone production exceeds ketone utilization by the animal, and ketosis results. At early stage Sub-clinical ketosis occurs which if not detected and controlled proceeds to clinical ketosis that has economic impact in terms of both production and reproduction losses. Early detection of sub-clinical ketosis is of vital importance to minimize thesubsequent losses associated with this condition. Many studies have been conducted in past to diagnose sub-clinical ketosis in cattle, but a very little data is available for buffaloes. This study was aimed to compare digital ketometer and conventional urine strips method to detect Ketone bodies in blood and urine samples respectively for the early diagnosis of subclinical ketosis in buffaloes. For this purpose, blood (n=100) and urine (n=100) samples were collected from buffaloes at post-partum period, from three different herds and were processed for the presence of ketone bodies. The data obtained from both cow-side detection assays was analyzed statistically. The results of this research study laid the foundation of early detection of sub-clinical ketosis in buffaloes that was made possible using the cowside Abott Optium Neo Ketometer.
Hegemony, Ideology and Political Journalism in Democratic Malawi’s Broadcasting Media
Authors: Linje Manyozo
Published: July 2023

For the first three decades following independence from Britain in 1964, the governance of Malawi was a political dictatorship under President Dr. Hastings Kamuzu Banda and his Malawi Congress Party (MCP). The country adopted a multiparty constitution in 1993 through a national referendum. Bakili Muluzi and his United Democratic Front (UDF) emerged winners of the 1994 general elections and formed a government. The UDF also won the 1999 and 2004 elections. In a multiparty democracy, the right to freedom of expression should ideally empower journalists to provide in-depth and balanced reporting on issues that affect the disadvantaged populace, the majority of which lives in abject poverty. The media’s attempts at providing accurate and balanced information have, however, intensified tensions with the ruling politburo. Building on the case of four journalists who were dismissed from the country’s public broadcaster, the Malawi Broadcasting Corporation (MBC) Radio, this paper draws from Gramscian concepts of ideology and hegemony to critique the practice of political journalism in Malawi’s broadcasting media. It seeks to explore how oppressive political regimes stifle media freedom and how all this leads to the emergence of popular culture as a form of alternative media.
Africa’s Socioeconomic Development in the Age of New Technologies: Exploring Issues in the Debate
Authors: Levi Obijiofor
Published: July 2023

New technologies are perceived as the engines that drive socioeconomicdevelopment across the world. However, the extent of the availability, use andimpact of new technologies on the socioeconomic development of Africa remainsa subject of research investigations. Research on the impact of new technologieson the socioeconomic development of Africa is critical to the development ofknowledge and the official policy for social change in Africa.
Spectral theory of C-symmetric non-selfadjoint differential operators of order 2n
Authors: Behncke Horst , Hinton Don
Published: July 2023

We continue the spectral analysis of differential operators with complex coefficients, extending some results for Sturm-Liouville operators to higher order operators. We give conditions for the essential spectrum to be empty, and for the operator to have compact resolvent. Conditions are given on the coefficients for the resolvent to be Hilbert-Schmidt. These conditions are new even for real coefficients, i.e., the selfadjoint case. Asymptotic analysis is a central tool.
See also https://ejde.math.txstate.edu/special/02/b2/abstr.html
Factores de riesgo asociados a Deshidratación Moderada por enfermedad diarreica aguda en menores de cinco años del hospital nacional Hipólito Unanue, año 2019
Authors:   , Mariñas Cotos Tiffany Juana
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a deshidratación moderada por enfermedad diarreica aguda en menores de 5 años del Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue – 2019 Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico, observacional, transversal, nivel explicativo, con diseño casos y controles. Se estudió a 436 menores de 5 años del Hospital Nacional Hipolito Unanue, que acudieron por emergencia con enfermedad diarreica aguda, siendo 218 quienes pertenecieron al grupo de niños que presentaron deshidratación moderada (casos) y 218 quienes no presentaron deshidratación o tuvieron deshidratacion leve (control). Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante la revisión de historias clinicas y recolectados en una ficha de recolección de datos. La información obtenida fue ingresada al programa SPSS v25.0 para el cálculo estadístico correspondiente, las variables fueron analizadas utilizando la prueba Chi cuadrado donde el valor p <0.05. Para conocer los factores de riesgo se utilizó Odds Ratio con 95% de intervalo de confianza. Resultados: Dentro de los factores epidemiológicos se encontró a la prematuridad (OR: 2.669; p-valor: 0.000; IC:95%) y el hacinamiento (OR: 1,088; p-valor: 0.680; IC: 95%). Dentro de los factores clínicos se obtuvo que la frecuencia de deposiciones (OR: 5.65 ; p-valor: 0.000 IC: 95%), frecuencia de vómitos (OR: 4,87 ; p-valor: 0.000 ; IC 95%), estado de nutrición (OR:1,251 ; p-valor: 0.000 ; IC: 95%), tiempo de enfermedad (OR: 2.253; p-valor:0.000 ; IC:95%) y presencia de fiebre fiebre (OR:2.994 ; p-valor: 0.000 ; IC: 95%). Dentro de las conductas maternas se encontró que el uso de antibióticos (OR: 5,46 ; p-valor: 0.000 IC: 95%) son factores de riesgo asociados a deshidratación moderada por enfermedad diarreica aguda en menores de 5 años. Mientras que, la administración de SRO (OR: 0.39 ; p-valor:0.000; IC:95%) y la lactancia materna exclusiva (OR: 0.86; p-valor: 0.000 IC: 95%) son factores protectores. vi Conclusiones: Los factores de riesgo asociados a deshidratación moderada por enfermedad diarreica son los factores epidemiológicos; hacinamiento y prematuridad. Factores clínicos y conductas maternas; uso de antibioticos.
Factores de riesgo gineco-obstétricos para cáncer de mama en pacientes postmenopáusicas del hospital nacional Edgardo Reblagiati Martins, 2017-2018
Authors:   , Camargo Chuan Claudia Yomira
Published: July 2023

OBJETIVO: Determinar los factores de riesgo Gineco-Obstétricos para cáncer de mama en pacientes postmenopáusicas del Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, 2017-2018. MATERIALES Y METODOS: Es un estudio de tipo analítico, retrospectivo, observacional de casos y controles. Se revisaron historias clínicas de 273 pacientes de las cuales 91 fueron casos; pacientes con diagnóstico de Ca de mama y 182 fueron controles. La información fue obtenida por ficha de recolección de datos mediante una verificación de historias clínicas. El análisis estadístico se realizó en el programa SPSS v.24, se utilizó la prueba Chi Cuadrado y el Ods Ratio. RESULTADOS: El 68.1% de pacientes postmenopáusicas diagnosticadas con Ca de mama tuvieron una menarquia < 12 años (menarquia precoz), el 65.9% tuvo una menopausia ≥ 50 años (menopausia tardía), el 74.7% fueron usuarias de ACOs, el 50.5% usaron ACOs por un periodo ≤ 1 año, el 71.4% fueron nulíparas” y el 28.6% dio lactancia materna. Los factores de riesgo para Ca de mama fueron: la edad de menarquia< 12 años (OR:1.707;IC95%: 0.275-3.632; p: 0.019); la edad de menopausia ≥ 50 años (OR:1.601; IC95%: 0.301-3.328; p:0.033); uso de ACOs (OR:1.891; IC95%: 1.082-3.307; p:0.024); tiempo de uso de ACOs (OR:0.675; IC95%: 0.329-1.353; p: 1.103); nuliparidad (OR:2.251; IC95%: 0.325-3.074; p: 0.038); lactancia materna (OR:28.6%; IC95%:0.297-0.876; p: 0.014). CONCLUSIONES: Los factores de riesgo para cáncer de mama en pacientes postmenopáusicas del Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati durante el periodo de 2017-2018 fueron la edad de menarquia precoz (<12 años), la menopausia tardia (≥ 50 años), uso de ACOs, nuliparidad; la lactancia materna es un factor protector para el Ca de mama.
Conocimiento sobre lactancia materna en residentes de pediatría en hospitales de Lima 2019
Authors:   , Luna Jara Diana Claudia Karolina
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre lactancia materna en residentes de pediatría en Hospitales de Lima 2019. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una investigación observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal. La población estudiada estuvo conformada por 429 residentes de pediatría de hospitales de Lima en el año 2019. La muestra estuvo conformada por 136 residentes, los cuales cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: Se encontró que el 41.2% obtuvo un nivel “insuficiente”, el 30.9% un nivel “muy insuficiente”, el 23.5% un nivel “bien” y por último solo el 4.4% obtuvo un nivel “excelente”. Conclusiones: En el estudio la mayoría de residentes de pediatría en hospitales de Lima alcanzaron un nivel de conocimiento sobre lactancia materna “insuficiente”.