bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subsidence and Morphologic Variations in Mexico City Generated by the Earthquakes of September 2017
Authors: Lira Jorge , Nuñez Marisol
Published: April 2021

Dos terremotos ocurridos en el suroeste de México generaron hundimientos y cambios morfológicos en el área de la Ciudad de México. Para estudiar la subsidencia, se llevó a cabo un procedimiento interferométrico utilizando cuatro pares interferométricos adquiridos del radar del satélite Sentinel-1 en modo IW (Amplia Banda Interferométrica) TOPS (Observación del terreno mediante exploración progresiva) SLC (Complejo de aspecto simple) . Se generaron cuatro interferogramas y cuatro mapas de desplazamiento. Para cuantificar los cambios morfológicos, se consideró un sinergismo de las bandas de radar Sentinel-1 en el modo IW GRD (Rango de Tierra Detectado) considerando las bandas ópticas SPOT 6/7. El sinergismo consiste en una imagen híbrida formada por las bandas de radar y las bandas ópticas. El análisis de componentes principales se aplicó a las bandas de la imagen híbrida. Los primeros tres componentes se retuvieron, y luego se aplicó un operador de divergencia al campo vectorial formado por estos componentes, produciendo un mapa de textura. El mapa de textura se evaluó junto con el interferograma y el mapa de desplazamiento para los terremotos de septiembre de 2017. Los resultados indicaron un patrón complejo de hundimientos y cambios morfológicos. El interferograma y la subsidencia de septiembre de 2017 se correlacionaron con un mapa de daños por terremotos.
The fence of Musin-Pushkin estete in Moscow based on historical, architectural and field studies
Authors: Ivantsyk Timur V. , Salimov Aleksey M.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The article examines an object of cultural heritage that is involved in forming the architectural look of the Musin-Pushkin Estate at the intersection of Dobroslobodskaya and Spartakovskaya Streets in Moscow (now a group of buildings of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering) — the ensemble fence connected with the red line of Spartakovskaya Street. As a listed building of federal importance, the monument is currently preserved as repaired and restored in the Soviet period, but it is still important as a part of the ensemble created in the era of classicism, since it once included the front gate opened into the vast estate. The main objective of this article is to trace the history of the estate fence, to identify later inclusions in the building mass and, as a consequence, to propose a graphic reconstruction of its original look.

Materials and methods. The study of the monument is based on the method of comprehensive source study, which includes the search and analysis of sources and literature, field studies, including probing, pit sampling and measuring work, as well as chemical development study of building and finishing materials. Using the comparative method, this object was studied among stylistically and typologically similar buildings.

Results. As a result of the research, the construction periodization of the monument was identified, its existing volumes were dated, the initial elements of the building were discovered and studied, and later strata were identified, which made it possible to develop a graphic reconstruction of the building for the initial period.

Conclusions. The proposed reconstruction of the monument has resulted from the comprehensive studies allowing to reconstruct the fence that has lost the original architectural form throughout its existence. As a result, the fence will enrich one of the most fascinating manor ensembles in Moscow providing its completion.
Administrator Perceptions of School Improvement Policies in a High-Impact Policy Setting
Authors: Torres Mario S. , Zellner Luana , Erlandson David
Published: April 2021

This study investigated school administrators’ perceptions of school improvement policies in a high-impact policy environment by measuring the impact of accountability, site-based management, professional development, and scheduling reform on the three dependent variables of a) academic outcomes, b) staff morale, and c) parent and community involvement. Using a convenience sampling method, 49 public school principals from Texas participated and an online survey was constructed to gather both quantitative (i.e., Likert scale) and qualitative (i.e., open ended response) data. The findings clearly point to principals, regardless of geographical district type and grade level school type, viewing less controversial and more intrinsically oriented policies (i.e., site-based management and professional development) as having a greater positive impact on outcomes as a whole than more radical alternatives (i.e., accountability and time and schedule reform). The evidence suggests that more aggressive school improvement policy approaches are likely failing to generate enough convincing outcomes to generate high commitment and confidence from school leaders. Further studies may look at the interaction of policy impact with minority student enrollments and with subgroup populations.
Corruption and Educational Outcomes: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back
Authors: Huang Francis Lim
Published: April 2021

Corruption is a problem that continues to plague developed and developing countries worldwide. Previous studies have explored the negative implications of corruption on several aspects of human development, but, despite its serious and long-lasting consequences, the impact of corruption on educational outcomes has started to receive attention only in recent years. This study empirically investigates the relationship between corruption and educational outcomes, using a sample of 50 countries. Study findings show that corruption is negatively associated with educational outcomes, after controlling for other variables, and suggest that continued efforts be made to control corruption.
A Quantitative Analysis of Countries’ Research Strengths
Authors: Saxena Anurag , Brazer S.David , Gupta B M
Published: April 2021

This study employed a multidimensional analysis to evaluate transnational patterns of scientific research to determine relative research strengths among widely varying nations. Findings from this study may inform national policy with regard to the most efficient use of scarce national research resources, including government and private funding. Research output from 34 countries is examined using a conceptual framework that emphasizes the ratio of research resources devoted to a particular field to research output measured by publications in peer-reviewed journals. Using cluster analysis and k-means analysis, we conclude that countries’ research output (as measured by the number of published peer-reviewed articles) and their efficiency (as measured by a ratio of research output to dollars allocated to research) together indicate a comparative advantage within any given country’s own menu of research choices and an absolute advantage relative to other countries. This study implies that the more countries engage in publication in areas of relative strength and consume research in areas of relative weakness, the stronger their entire research agenda will become.
Local classical MAX-CUT algorithm outperforms p=2 QAOA on high-girth regular graphs
Authors: Marwaha Kunal
Published: April 2021

The p-stage Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOAp) is a promising approach for combinatorial optimization on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, but its theoretical behavior is not well understood beyond p=1. We analyze QAOA2 for the maximum cut problem (MAX-CUT), deriving a graph-size-independent expression for the expected cut fraction on any D-regular graph of girth >5 (i.e. without triangles, squares, or pentagons).We show that for all degrees D≥2 and every D-regular graph G of girth >5, QAOA2 has a larger expected cut fraction than QAOA1 on G. However, we also show that there exists a 2-local randomized classical algorithm A such that A has a larger expected cut fraction than QAOA2 on all G. This supports our conjecture that for every constant p, there exists a local classical MAX-CUT algorithm that performs as well as QAOAp on all graphs.
STRENGTHENING OF THE FOUNDATIONS OF RENOVATED BUILDINGS WITH INJECTION PILES
Authors: Polishchuk Anatoly , Nikitina Nadezda , Petukhov Arkady , Semyonov Ivan
Published: April 2021

The paper describes the technique of strengthening shallow foundations of reconstructed buildings using injection piles. First, the constructive solution of the existing foundations, the structural scheme of the building, as well as the loads transferred to the building structures before and after its reconstruction are established. At the same time, an assessment of the soil conditions of the construction site of the reconstructed building is carried out; a bearing soil layer is revealed for deepening the lower ends of injection piles. Based on the data obtained, the loading of the base of the foundations of the reconstructed building is assessed and the need for their reinforcement (or further operation without reinforcement) is established. In the case of strengthening the foundations of the building, the method of transferring the additional load to the injection piles is selected. Then their bearing capacity and design loads allowed on the piles are substantiated. The construction of foundations is carried out, taking into account their reinforcement with injection piles, which are hereinafter called combined. Verificationcalculations of the base of the combined foundations are performed for the firstand second groups of limit states. In accordance with the regulatory documents, strength calculations of the main structural elements of foundations are carried out, which are necessary to ensure their full operation, taking into account the reinforcement. At the finalstage, working documentation is developed to strengthen the foundations of the reconstructed building. The stages of the design of strengthening the foundations of reconstructed buildings using injection piles presented in the work allow to properly and consistently organize the work of specialists.
The implications for bank risk posed by the bail-in amendments to the ranking of unsecured senior debt instruments in insolvency hierarchy
Authors: Jones Laurence , Geretto Enrico , Polato Maurizio , Velliscig Giulio
Published: April 2021

Given the scarce empirical research supporting the branch of literature investigating the shortcomings of the bail-in regime (Hadjiemmanuil, 2015; Walther & White, 2020; Tröger, 2020), this paper offers a contribution in this regard investigating the implications for bank risk posed by the amendments to the unsecured senior debt asset class required to enhance the bail-in regime. To this purpose, we use a sample of 46 banks distributed over 17 European countries over the period of Q1 2010–Q4 2019. We thus run a fixed effect panel data regression over the entire period and also over the subperiods before and after the start of the overhaul of the unsecured senior debt asset class. Our main result points out the significant role of unsecured senior debt in explaining bank’s risk after the start of the amendments campaign which allowed this asset class to serve the enhancement of the bail-in regime. We attribute this result to the uncertain gone-concern loss-absorbing capacity of unsecured senior debt and its material cost exacerbated by the bail-in buffer shortfall of many European banks. Our result pique policymakers’ attention to the side-effects of the amendments to the bail-in regime and further guide bank managers’ decisions about regulatory funding strategies.
Good Morning! Good Day! Good Afternoon! Good Evening! Good Night!
Authors: Anna Nurmela
Published: April 2021

Process of a workshop organized by Aalto ARTS, Experimental Scenography Workshop that explores the Peripheries in Parallax. This exposition is based on an artistic research that was done between 05.10.2020-10.04.2021.

Including process ideas, photos and final exhibition, Matter.

Work title:
Good Morning!
Good Day!
Good Afternoon!
Good Evening!
Good Night!

Peripheries in Parallax: BRAVE NEW PERIPHERIES is organised by the four-year “Floating Peripheries – mediating the sense of place” artistic research project funded by the Academy of Finland (2017–2021).

Read more on https://pinp2021.aalto.fi/
Evidence of sustainable land use: the reclamation of desertified lands to plant vineyards
Authors: Zhang Liang , Xue Tingting , Gao Feifei , Yuan Lin , Wang Zhilei , Wei Ruteng , Hao Xiaoyun , Yang Chenlu , Wang Ying , Han Xing , Wang Lin , Han Yulei , Li Hua , Wang Hua
Published: April 2021

Desertified land reclamation for the purposes of winegrape cultivation
can profoundly alter the properties of the underlying soil and the
microbial communities therein. Herein, we assessed the effects of such
reclamation of non-productive desert land on the soil microbial
communities associated with the resultant vineyards, and to identify key
soil properties related to these changes. Soil was collected from
natural desert land (DL) and from different reclaimed vineyard types:
Cabernet Sauvignon (CS), Merlot (M), Chardonnay (C), and Italian
Riesling (IR). High-throughput sequencing was used to assess microbial
community composition and diversity in these samples. Significant
differences in soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen, available
nitrogen, available phosphorus, and pH were detected when comparing soil
from DL and reclaimed lands. CS, M, C, and IR soils exhibited higher
relative Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Ascomycota abundance, while
DL soil exhibited higher relative Acidobacteria and Mortierellomycota
abundance. In total, 165 and 55 bacterial and fungal amplicon sequence
variants or operational taxonomic units (ASVs/OTUs) were shared across
land use types. Following reclamation, soil bacteria ASVs/OTUs in CS, M,
C, and IR soils rose to 2846, 3191, 7630, and 6373, respectively.
Biomarkers of these different land use types were successfully
identified via an LDA Effect Size (LEfSe) approach, while key soil
properties including pH, SOC, and available nitrogen were found to be
associated with these changes in microbial community structural
composition following reclamation. As such, our data indicate that
viticulture in desertified regions can enhance soil properties and
microbial diversity, thereby supporting sustainable land use.
Endovascular Repair of an Aortoesophageal Fistula and Fast-growing Thoracic Aortic Pseudoaneurysm Caused by Ingestion of a Fishbone
Authors: Kwon Yelee , Kang Pil Je , Cho Won chul
Published: April 2021

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair has been preferred over surgery for
aortic lesions owing to its minimal invasiveness. Here we report the
successful endovascular repair of a thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm after
esophageal perforation induced by accidental ingestion of a fishbone.
The Relationship Between Infarct-Related Arteries Patency with C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio Before Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Akın Halil , Bilge Önder , Altintas Bernas , Altındağ Rojhat , Ede Hüseyin , Adiyaman Mehmet Sahin
Published: April 2021

Background: Inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and Albumin
have previously been associated with poor prognosis in ST-elevation
myocardial infarction (STEMI). Objective: The present study aims to
investigate the relationship between the infarct-related arteries (IRA)
patency and C-reactive protein/Albumin ratio (CAR) before primary
percutaneous intervention (p-PCI) in patients with STEMI. Methods A
total of 822 patients who underwent primary PCI (p-PCI) for acute STEMI
were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups
according to IRA patency as TIMI flow 0-1 (n = 551) and TIMI flow 2-3 (n
= 271). CAR ratio measured at admission was compared with IRA patency.
Results: The average age of 822 patients was 55±12, and 84.3% (693) of
the patients were male. The mean CAR level of the patients was
determined as 0.26 (0.08-0.48). CAR level was statistically
significantly higher in TIMI flow 0-1 group when compared to TIMI flow
2-3 group [0.31 (0.09-0.51) vs 0.23 (0.06-0.42); p<0.001].
In the multivariate logistic regression analysis a significant relation
was found between CAR (odds ratio [OR]:1.56, 95% confidence
interval [CI]:1.22-1.97, p<0.001), and neutrophil count
(OR:1.72, 95% CI:1.33-2.25, p<0.001) in patients with TIMI
flow 0-1 Conclusion: An inflammation-based risk index, CAR measured at
admission in patients with anterior STEMI has been found to be a useful
prognostic tool for predicting adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However,
this finding needs to be confirmed in future prospective studies.
Impact of Various Sizing Metrics on Female Donor to Male Recipient Heart Transplant Outcomes
Authors: Hess Nicholas , Hickey Gavin , Sultan Ibrahim , Wang Yisi , Kilic Arman
Published: April 2021

Background: This study evaluated the impact of various sizing metrics on
outcomes of female donor to male recipient orthotopic heart
transplantation (OHT). Methods: We queried the United Network of Organ
Sharing database to analyze all isolated, primary adult OHTs from
1/12010-3/20/2020. Patients were stratified by donor-recipient sex
pairing. Logistic regression was used to investigate risk-adjusted
effects of current size matching criteria (weight ratio, body mass index
(BMI) ratio, predicted heart mass (pHM) ratio) on one-year
post-transplant mortality. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare
posttransplant survival among cohorts. Results: A total of 22,450
patients were analyzed, of which 3,019 (13.4%) underwent female-to-male
transplantation. Of sex-matched pairs, female-to-male donation had the
lowest proportion of undersized hearts using weight and BMI ratio
metrics (10.5% and 5.2%) but had the highest proportion of undersizing
using pHM metrics (48.1%) (all P<0.001). Female-to-male
recipients had the lowest rate of unadjusted one-year survival (90.0%,
P = 0.0169), and increased hazards of mortality after risk adjustment
(OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.36, P=0.034)). Undersizing using pHM
(donor-recipient ratio < 0.85) was the only metric found to be
associated in increased mortality after risk adjustment (OR 1.32, 95%
CI 1.02 to 1.71, P=0.035). Conclusions: Female-to-male heart
transplantation has the worst survival of all sex-matching combinations.
Although female donors in this cohort are appropriately sized using
traditional metrics, half are under-sized using pHM. This, combined with
its strong association with mortality, underscores the importance of
routine pHM assessment when evaluating female donors for male
recipients.
An Uncommon Association of Sever Early Coronary Artery Disease and Aortic Coarctation in Patient with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Case Report
Authors: ALKATTAN HANI , Aljizeeri Ahmed , Arifi Ahmed
Published: April 2021

Familial hypercholesterolemia is a rare inherited disease that results
in elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and clinically leads
to early coronary artery disease. It is rare for this disease to be
associated with the coarctation of the aorta. In this report, we review
the clinical case of an 18-year-old who was referred to our center with
angina pectoris manifestation. A comprehensive clinical and
investigative evaluation of the patient pre-operatively showed the
presence of familial hypercholesterolemia, Coarctation of the aorta, and
ischemic cardiomyopathy that required coronary artery bypass surgery.
Depth diversity gradients of macrophytes: shape, drivers and recent shifts
Authors: Lewerentz Anne , Hoffmann Markus , Cabral Juliano Sarmento
Published: April 2021

Investigating diversity gradients helps to understand biodiversity
drivers and threats. However, one diversity gradient is seldomly
assessed, namely how plant species distribute along the depth gradient
of lakes. Here, we provide the first in-depth characterization of depth
diversity gradients (DDG) of submerged macrophytes across different
lakes. We characterize the DDG for additive richness components (alpha,
beta, gamma), assess environmental drivers and address temporal change
over recent years. We take advantage of yet the largest dataset of
macrophyte occurrence along lake depth (274 depth transects across 28
deep lakes) as well as of physio-chemical measurements (12 deep lakes
from 2006 to 2017 across Bavaria), provided publicly online by the
Bavarian State Office for the Environment. We found a high variability
in DDG shapes across the study lakes. The DDG for alpha and gamma
richness are predominantly hump-shaped, while beta richness shows a
decreasing DDG. Generalized additive mixed-effect models indicate that
the maximum alpha richness within the depth transect
(R) is significantly influenced by lake area
only, whereas for the corresponding depth (D)
are influenced by light quality, light quantity and layering depth. Most
observed DDGs seem generally stable over recent years. However, for
single lakes we found significant linear trends for Rmax and Dmax going
into different directions. The observed hump-shaped DDGs agree with
three competing hypotheses: the mid-domain effect, the mean-disturbance
hypothesis, and the mean-productivity hypothesis. The DDG amplitude
seems driven by lake area (thus following known species-area
relationships), whereas skewness depended on physio-chemical factors,
mainly water transparency and layering depth. Our results provide
insights for conservation strategies and for mechanistic frameworks to
disentangle competing explanatory hypotheses for the DDG.
FACTORS AFFECTING DELAY IN DIAGNOSIS OF COLORECTAL CANCER: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; FROM TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF KARACHI PAKISTAN
Authors: Ahmed Rubab Nafees , Rai Lajpat , Samo Khursheed Ahmed , Saeed Summaya , Salam Ammara , Khan Hina , Memon Amjad Siraj
Published: April 2021

Background: CRC incidence is increasing in our region. There is no
specific CRC control program or national cancer registry in Pakistan.
Previously no data has been published on presentation and diagnosis
delay of CRC in our region. This study is conducted to determine the
factor affecting delay in presentation and diagnosis and to provide
baseline information to launch a CRC control program. Primary objective
is to determine factor causing delay in diagnosis of CRC. Secondary
objective is to evaluate relationship between tumor site and stage of
CRC with presenting symptoms and symptom duration. Methods: This project
is a prospective cross-sectional study on 113 biopsy-proven CRC patients
admitted to the surgical ward of civil hospital Karachi. Results: A
total number of participants was 113. Presentation delay was observed in
83.2% of patients. The main reasons for a reported delay in the
presentation were lack of patients’ knowledge that these symptoms may be
cancer (60.4%), the wrong diagnosis by the primary physician (34.6%),
or the patient didn’t want to visit the doctor (0.04%). Most tumors
(95%) originated from the sigmoid and rectum. 38.9% and 44.2% of the
patients diagnosed at Stage 4 and 3 respectively. Conclusions: This
study revealed that CRC patients in Pakistan are facing delays in
presentation and diagnosis. This is the reason behind diagnosis at the
advanced stage with a poor prognosis. Based on this study findings CRC
control program should be introduced to detect CRC at an early stage.
Keywords: Colorectal cancer, Colon, Rectum, Cancer, Presentation delay,
Diagnosis delay.
Smart and sustainable local communities in global Covid-19 pandemic conditions
Authors: Pudzis Edgars , Krutova Una , Geipele Sanda , Kalinka Maris , Auzins Armands
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought many changes in everyone’s life. Villages and rural areas are among the places where people have sought refuge in order to stay away from others and to be able to comply with government regulations during an emergency. Crisis conditions require the choice of means of communication, remote employment and self-help and self-support. Smart and strong communities or villages – this means more than only technologically and economically advanced communities – can be more successful in overcoming the crisis. This study analyses the characteristics of smart communities, the external factors influencing the functioning of these communities, as well as the specific circumstances caused by the first wave period of the Covid-19 pandemic (from March 2020 till June 2020). Collecting basic information on smart communities, external factors and special circumstances, and using the methods of analysis, comparison and drawing conclusions, the most important factors that have positively affected communities in the pandemic conditions have been taken into account within the framework of this study, clearly indicating the sustainability and development advantages of smart communities in Latvia. Nobody knows what will be “new normal” after COVID-19, but some benefits of smart thinking are noticed
A retrospective epidemiological study of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Wales, UK between 2008 and 2018
Authors: Rafferty James , Stephens Jeffery W , Atkinson Mark D , Luzio Stephen D , Akbari Ashley , Gregory John W , Bain Stephen , Owens David R , Thomas Rebecca L
Published: April 2021

IntroductionStudies of prevalence and the demographic profile of type 1 diabetes are challenging because of the relative rarity of the condition, however, these outcomes can be determined using routine healthcare data repositories. Understanding the epidemiology of type 1 diabetes allows for targeted interventions and care of this life-affecting condition.
ObjectivesTo describe the prevalence, incidence and demographics of persons with type 1 diabetes diagnosed in Wales, UK, using the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank.
MethodsData derived from primary and secondary care throughout Wales available in the SAIL Databank were used to identify people with type 1 diabetes to determine the prevalence and incidence of type 1 diabetes over a 10 year period (2008–18) and describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of this population by age, socioeconomic deprivation and settlement type. The seasonal variation in incidence rates was also examined.
ResultsThe prevalence of type 1 diabetes in 2018 was 0.32% in the whole population, being greater in men compared to women (0.35% vs 0.28% respectively); highest in those aged 15-29 years (0.52%) and living in the most socioeconomically deprived areas (0.38%). The incidence of type 1 diabetes over 10 years was 14.0 cases/100,000 people/year for the whole population of Wales. It was highest in children aged 0-14 years (33.6 cases/100,000 people/year) and areas of high socioeconomic deprivation (16.8 cases/100,000 people/year) and least in those aged 45-60 years (6.5 cases/100,000 people/year) and in areas of low socioeconomic deprivation (11.63 cases/100,000 people/year). A seasonal trend in the diagnoses of type 1 diabetes was observed with higher incidence in winter months.
ConclusionThis nation-wide retrospective epidemiological study using routine data revealed that the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Wales was greatest in those aged 0-14 years with a higher incidence and prevalence in the most deprived areas. These findings illustrate the need for health-related policies targeted at high deprivation areas to include type 1 diabetes in their remit.
An Assessment of Artificial Floating Islands as a Method of Habitat Creation in Marine Environments
Authors:   , Ware Jessica
Published: April 2021

Most megacities are located adjacent to the coast due to the continuous seaward migration of human populations; a process referred to as marine urban sprawl. The subsequent hardening of the natural coastline has caused the loss and degradation of coastal habitats. In order to halt, mitigate and compensate for further losses of biodiversity, it is important that habitat restoration techniques with involve ecological engineering are considered. Artificial floating islands (AFIs) are a habitat creation method used to improve water quality and support biodiversity in aquatic environments. This study aimed to assess the installation of AFIs as a restoration tool in heavily modified coastal water bodies. That included investigating: the suitability of halophytes for transplantation into the AFI matrix; the biofouling communities that establish on the AFIs; the abundance, species richness and behaviour of fish in association with AFIs; the density and behaviour of birds in association with the AFIs; and the public perception of current environmental concerns and therefore, opinion on AFIs as an ecological engineering method. Based on the results of this study sea purslane (Halimione portulacoides) would be recommended for transplantation on AFIs installed in saline environments. The invertebrate community assemblages were notably controlled by the primary settlement of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and Australian tubeworm (Ficopomatus enigmaticus). Juvenile phase European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gull (Laridae) spp. foraged on the benthic invertebrates that fouled the AFIs underside and European eel (Anguilla Anguilla) rested in the matrix. The public supported the use of AFIs in coastal environments but concerns regarding maintenance and degradation were raised. In conclusion, this study highlighted the importance of AFI size, structure, location and vegetation cover as these factors influence the species composition, degree of isolation and environmental exposure, contributing to the overall success of AFI deployments in heavily modified coastal water bodies.
Szenes anyagok maximális átalakulási hőmérsékletének meghatározása Raman-spektroszkópiai mérésekkel: standardizálás és esettanulmány az Aggtelek–Rudabányai-hegységből
Authors: Molnár Kata , Aradi László Előd , Obbágy Gabriella , Kövér Szilvia , Fodor László , Benkó Zsolt , Szabó Csaba
Published: April 2021

A mély diagenetikus – kisfokú metamorf üledékes kőzetek csúcshőmérsékletének meghatározását illit (Küblerindex) és klorit „kristályossági”, valamint vitrinit reflexiós értékek alapján nagy bizonytalanság terheli. A hőmérséklet pontosabb meghatározására az elmúlt időszakban egyre elterjedtebbé vált a szenes anyag szemcsék mérésén alapuló Raman-spektroszkópia. Jelen munka célja, hogy a szenes anyag Raman-spektroszkópia (RSCM) egyik módszerének alapjairól, valamint hazai alkalmazási lehetőségeiről adjon részletes, magyar nyelvű összefoglalást. A bemutatott módszer alkalmazásához elengedhetetlen egy ismert metamorf csúcshőmérsékletű referencia kőzetsorozat elemzése, amely az ismeretlen minták metamorf csúcshőmérsékletének meghatározásához szükséges kalibrációs görbe alapjául szolgál. Ez a referencia kőzetsorozat teszi lehetővé az egyes laboratóriumokban született eredmények összehasonlíthatóságát is. Munkánkban ismertetjük az ELTE TTK KKIC Raman-laboratóriumában mért referencia kőzetsorozat eredményeit, valamint az ez alapján létrehozott kalibrációs görbét. A módszer alkalmazhatóságát az Aggtelek–Rudabányai-hegység Telekesoldali Formációjának példáján mutatjuk be. Az öt mintán (négy fúrás, egy felszíni) elvégzett mérések alapján az összletre meghatározott metamorf csúcshőmérséklet 273 ± 10 °C-nak adódott, amely adat jelentősen pontosabb a korábban rendelkezésre álló illit- és klorit kristályossági, valamint vitrinit reflexiós értékek alapján becsült metamorf csúcshőmérsékleti értékeknél. A módszer kitűnően kiegészíti, valamint részben helyettesítheti a szénhidrogén-, illetve szén geológiában alkalmazott vitrinit reflexió méréseket.
Cognitive Constructivist Way of Teaching Scientific and Technical Contents
Authors: Zuljan Darjo , Valenčič Zuljan Milena , Pejić Papak Petra
Published: April 2021

For pupils to obtain high-quality and permanent knowledge, it is important that the teaching of scientific and technical contents is based on cognitive constructivist approach. We carried out a research, during which we asked three research questions, on a sample of 167 class teachers in the Republic of Slovenia. We wanted to find out: how often class teachers included elements typical of cognitive constructivist approach; was the frequency of using elements of cognitive constructivist teaching model linked to the teacher’s concern for their own professional development, and was the frequency of using elements of cognitive constructivist teaching model linked to the factors, such as the teacher’s estimated importance, difficulty and necessity of Science and Technics, the assessment of their own competence and professional enthusiasm. Data were collected with three scales: ways of teaching scientific and technical contents; attitude to scientific and technical contents and teaching and components of professional development. Data were processed according to descriptive and inferential statistics. The research showed that the formulation and verification of hypotheses, two important elements in view of cognitive constructivist teaching model, were less often represented. With statistically significant higher frequency they were organized by teachers, who rated their competence higher, were more enthusiastic and cared more about their professional development.
The Ratio of Verbal and Nonverbal Components of Individual Cognitive Maps as a Reflection of the Collaborative Thinking Activity of Its Participants
Authors: Dautov Denis
Published: April 2021

The presented results of the study allow us to determine the ratio of verbal and nonverbal components of thinking activity in solving problems of different types. The novelty of the research is in the use of individual cognitive maps made on the results of collaborative thinking activity in the study of possible combinations of symbolic (verbal) and figurative (nonverbal) components of internal thought processes implemented in different conditions. The study included two methodological blocks. The first of them is diagnostic. It consisted of four tasks (a verbal task with one solution, a verbal task with multiple solutions, a nonverbal task with one solution, a nonverbal task with multiple solutions), as well as a cognitive map based on the results of solving these tasks. The second block is mathematical and statistical, including the Kruskal-Wallis H-test, the Mann-Whitney U-test, and the Fried-man chi-square test. The study sample consisted of 80 students of the Don State Technical University. As a result of the study, it was found that cognitive maps created with time constraints significantly outperform cognitive maps created without such restrictions in terms of figurative, symbolic abstractness and symbolism. Cognitive maps created without time constraints significantly outperform cognitive maps created with time constraints in terms of imagery. In general, the predominance of the verbal or nonverbal components of thinking can vary significantly, but the general trend towards the predominant character of the imagery of thought processes remains.
Consideration of the Basic Competencies of a Preschool Teacher in Curriculum Modernization
Authors: Zh. Aubakirova Rakhila , A. Kabzhanova Gulbanu , G. Вelenko Oxana , Yu. Pigovayeva Nelli , A. Kostyunina Alyona
Published: April 2021

The work deals with an important aspect of teacher training — the formation of competence in the field of technologization of the pedagogical process. An updated theoretical model of a holistic pedagogical process is presented, which is the basis for coverage of the criteria for the formation of abilities for the constructive and systematic introduction of technologies into pre-school education. The author’s questionnaire The Scale of Self-Assessment of Pedagogical Abilities for the Technologization of the Pedagogical Process was presented. The article provides the results of its testing on a sample of a total of 412 respondents, including 170 preschool teachers with work experience from 1 to 25 years, 200 — students-future teachers, 42 - PEF coordinators. Based on the comparison of samples of teachers with different work experience, it describes how the nature of professional activity determines the specific structure of competences in the field of TPP. The experiment was a part of research; authors showed the conditions for the implementation of a special curriculum, which helps effectively prepare teachers for the use of modern educational technologies.
Hygienic assessment of the effectiveness of using distance educational technologies in medical education
Authors: Markelova SV , Fedotov DM , Khromova AV , Ievleva OV
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of distance learning technologies (DLTs) on the daily routine and health of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The questions included in the questionnaire were intended to measure the awareness of students about the risks associated with distance learning (DL), elicit their opinion about the organization of the learning process and subjectively assess DL as such. The study was conducted in December 2020. It enrolled 508 medical students of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Moscow) and of Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk). Statistical analysis was performed in Statistica 13.0. For categorical variables, the significance of differences was assessed using Pearson’s chi-square test. Differences were considered significant at р≤0.05. The analysis reveals that 80% of the respondents thought that DLTs were implemented effectively. The dynamics of academic performance were used as an objective indicator of content assimilation. No significant differences were discovered in the academic performance of students before, during and after the DL period. Although medical students are ready to use some elements of DLTs in the learning process, there is a need for introducing active teaching methods, refining teaching strategies, perfecting teaching skills and teaching students competencies that can be used to maintain their health in the classroom and in a distance learning setting.
CULTURAL VALUES IN SONG LYRICS ENDENG-ENDENG IN WEDDING CEREMONY OF MANDAILING SOCIETY IN NORTH LABUHANBATU REGENCY
Authors: HARAHAP LIDYA UTAMI , MANULLANG ELISA BETTY , PUTRI CITRA ANGGIA
Published: April 2021

This study focused on finding out the cultural values in song lyrics Endeng- endeng of Mandailing society in North Labuhanbatu Regency. The objectives of this study were : (1) to find out the types of cultural values in song lyrics Endeng- endeng, (2) to find out the dominant types that used in song lyrics Endeng-endeng and (3) how the realization of the cultural values in wedding ceremony of Mandailing society in North Labuhanbatu Regency. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative design. There were 18 data of cultural values that were taken from song lyrics Endeng-endeng transcriptions. The findings of this research were : (1) There were nine cultural values of Batak that found in song lyrics Endeng-endeng, that contained kinship (16.7%), religion (16.7%), hagabeon (extended family)(11.1%), hasangapon (respect) (11.1%), hamoraon (wealth) (5.5%), hamajuon (modernization) (11.1%), patik dohot uhum (rules and laws) (11.1%), pangayoman (nurture) (5.5%) marsisarian (conflict) (11.1%). (2) The most dominant types of cultural value was kinship and religion (16.7%). (3) The realization of cultural values of song lyrics Endeng-endeng of Mandailing society in North Labuhanbatu Regency was described by interview the informants that understood about Endeng-endeng. The meanings in song lyrics Endeng- endeng were the advices for the groom that should be applied by them in their life after got marriage.
Satisfacción de los pacientes que asisten a consulta externa, Centro de Salud San Miguel de Tuta Boyacá 2019
Authors: Varela Suárez María Alejandra , Guzmán Garay Angie Melisa , Arenas Yury Marcela
Published: April 2021

Introducción. La calidad de la atención en salud se determina a través de la satisfacción de los usuarios, con base en sus necesidades y asociada a elementos tangibles, de seguridad, fiabilidad, sensibilidad y empatía, con respecto a los servicios y al personal de salud. Objetivo. Identificar la satisfacción de los pacientes que asisten al servicio de consulta externa en el ESE Centro de Salud San Miguel de Tuta, Boyacá. Materiales y métodos. Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, con diseño transversal y una muestra de 76 pacientes, obtenida mediante un muestreo probabilístico a través del software EPI INFO. Resultados. De acuerdo con el análisis de las dimensiones del estudio, se obtuvieron resultados de mejor satisfacción, anteponiendo algunas atenciones; asimismo, desde la perspectiva de los usuarios que acuden al Centro de Salud San Miguel del municipio de Tuta, se observó que los usuarios están muy de acuerdo con las dimensiones de elementos tangibles y empatía y en lo concerniente a las dimensiones de fiabilidad, sensibilidad y seguridad. Conclusiones. A partir del estudio, se evidencia satisfacción por parte de los usuarios en el servicio de consulta externa, lo cual favorece sus preferencias hacia las consultas de control prenatal y permite evidenciar la buena atención, las expectativas y percepciones de los usuarios.
Las desventuras y reivindicaciones para un paisaje cultural. El caso del sistema hidroeléctrico de Necaxa, Puebla
Authors: Checa-Artasu Martín M. , Sunyer Martín Pere
Published: April 2021

The new theoretical approaches about cultural landscapes have pointed out its value for historical recovering and for the knowledge of the evolution of territories. The cultural landscape, as theoretical tool is can show the identity signs and explain as a place that keeps the memory of a society and a community that still is living it. In this sense, the territory shaped by cultural elements is like a social mirror that reflects the way the society has built itself. Nevertheless, the consequences of the newly environmental crisis, the limits of governance in several regions, and the predator interests of capitalists are limiting this theoretical role of landscape. The analysis of Necaxa hydroelectric system in Puebla State, Mexico, as a cultural landscape is a good example of this kind of controversies.
Difference Expressions CD34 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Culture in the Administration of Cytarabine-Daunorubicine Dose Standards
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Saiful , Notopuro Paulus Budiono , Ma'at Suprapto , Sedana Made Putra , Hajat Arifoel
Published: April 2021

The cure rate for patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is 20-75%. Standard-dose cytarabine + (SDAC)-daunorubicine gives a remission rate of ± 60%, and the case of relapse is frequently found. In-vivo CD34 expression is a reliable and straightforward test that must evaluate AML patients' response to predict the response of chemotherapy + induction phase accurately. Differences in in-vitro CD34 expression are expected to be able to predict chemosensitivity in AML patients. An experimental post-test-only control group study was conducted from May to December 2019, and 8 AML subjects were found. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) were isolated from peripheral blood samples of patients with AML collected in EDTA tubes. The PBMC isolated from peripheral blood were divided into two groups, and each group contained 106 PBMC cells in culture media. The control group (without treatment) and the SDAC-daunorubicine group were 0 + incubated for 4 hours at 37 C with a 5% CO2 atmosphere. The expression of CD34 was measured using FACSCaliburâ„¢, while + CD34+ percentage was calculated with CellQuestâ„¢ software. The percentage of CD34 in the control, SDAC + DNR, showed a significant difference with p < 0.001. This study showed a significant difference between the control group and the group + administered with the standard dose of cytarabine-daunorubicine with p < 0.001. The average CD34 expression in the + SDAC-DNR treatment group was higher than in the control group. CD34 markers cannot be used as predictors of chemosensitivity in the administration of chemotherapy.
Plasma Osteopontin Correlates with Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Pramudianti Maria Diah , Sidharta Briggite Rina Aninda , Sinambela Josua , Krissinta Medityas Winda
Published: April 2021

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to abnormal secretions and/or insulin activity. Osteopontin (OPN) is an important component of inflammation and insulin resistance, and vitamin D decreases insulin resistance. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between OPN and glycemic control and total 25-OH vitamin D in type 2 DM. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was performed in Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, from May to September 2018. Plasma OPN levels were measured by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay kit from Elabscience 96T Human OPN (USA), and a total of 25-OH vitamin D was evaluated using the ELFA method from Biomerieux SA (France). Data were tested by Pearson correlation (r). Type 2 DM subjects consisted of 45 (54.2%) males and 38 (45.8%) females, 36 (43.45%) well- and 47 (56.65%) poorly-controlled. The average age was 56.81±9.76 years old. The mean of OPN level in poorly-controlled cases was significantly higher (20.27±3.20 ng/mL) than well-controlled ones (15.04±3.34 ng/mL) with p=0.001. There was no significant difference in total 25-OH vitamin D between well- and poorly-controlled groups (19.84±6.65 vs. 17.24±6.78 ng/mL, respectively, p=0.085). The correlation of OPN with glycemic control (fasting glucose, 2-hour post-prandial glucose, HbA1c) and total 25-OH vitamin D in all subjects with type 2 DM were r=0.241 (p=0.028), r=0.378 (p=0.0001) r=0.529 (p=0.0001) and r=-0.151 (p=0.173), respectively. This study suggested that plasma OPN level was correlated with glycemic control but not with serum total 25-OH vitamin D in type 2 DM. Further research was needed in populations of other types of DM and other research variables related to inflammation or insulin resistance.
Correlation between Serum Endocan and HbA1c in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Sutrisnani Catur Suci , Satjadibrata Sidarti Soehita , Edijanto Soebagijo Poegoeh , Widijanti Anik , Cahyono Haryudi Aji
Published: April 2021

Endothelial dysfunction is a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of complications of cardiovascular disease in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients. One of the new biomarkers for inflammatory conditions and endothelial dysfunction is endocan. This study aimed to determine the correlation between endocan levels and HbA1c in type 1 DM patients. This study was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach performed at the Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang from May to August 2019. The research subjects were children aged 10-18 years with a diagnosis of type 1 DM who met the inclusion criteria. Students who underwent routine health checks participated as the control group. In both groups, serum endocan levels were measured using the ELISA method and HbA1c levels were measured by the HPLC method. Independent T-test analysis was used to determine the differences between both groups and the Pearson test was used to determine the correlation between serum endocan and HbA1c with SPSS version 23. In this study, there were 40 type 1 DM patients and 40 healthy controls with a mean age of 14.5 (3.16) years in the type 1 DM group and 14.7 (0.99) years in the healthy control group. There was a higher number of female subjects in both the type 1 DM group (57.5%) and the healthy control group (65%). The mean endocan level in the type 1 DM group was higher than the control group and was statistically significant with 1090.61 (150.84) pg/mL vs. 775.56 (8.91) pg/mL, p=0.000). The mean value for HbA1c levels in the type 1 DM group was also significantly higher compared to the control group 9.63 (2.22%) vs. 4.69 (0.251%), p <0.001), respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between endocan levels and HbA1c in DM patients (p=0.025, r=0.354). This study showed a correlation between serum endocan levels and HbA1c in patients with type 1 DM.