bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian-Weighted Inverse Gaussian Regression Model with Application to Seismological Data
Authors: Mesdaghi Ehsan , Fallah Afshin , Farnoosh Rahman , Yari Gholam Hossein
Published: November 2022

Developing an efficient model for analyzing right-skewed positive observations has a long history, and many authors have attempt in this direction. This is because the common analytic modeling procedures such as linear regression are often inappropriate for such data and leads to inadequate results. In this article, we proposed a new model for regression analysis of the right-skewed data by assuming the weighted inverse Gaussian, as a great flexible distribution, for response observations. In the proposed model, the complementary reciprocal of the location parameter of response variable is considered to be a linear function of the explanatory variables. We developed a fully Bayesian framework to infer about the model parameters based on a general noninformative prior structure and employed a Gibbs sampler to derive the posterior inferences by using the Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. A comparative simulation study is worked out to assess and compare the proposed model with other usual competitor models, and it is observed that efficiency is quite satisfactory. A real seismological data set is also analyzed to explain the applicability of the proposed Bayesian model and to access its performance. The results indicate to the more accuracy of proposed regression model in estimation of model parameters and prediction of future observations in comparison to its usual competitors in literature. Particularly, the relative prediction efficiency of the proposed regression model to the inverse Gaussian and log-normal regression models has been obtained to be 1.16 and 64, respectively, for the real-world example discussed in this paper.
Voltage Quality Enhancement of Low-Voltage Smart Distribution System Using Robust and Optimized DVR Controllers: Application of the Harris Hawks Algorithm
Authors: Mahmoud Mohamed Metwally , Esmail Yahia M. , Atia Basiony Shehata , Kamel Omar Makram , AboRas Kareem M. , Bajaj Mohit , Hussain Bukhari Syed Sabir , Mbadjoun Wapet Daniel Eutyche
Published: November 2022

The voltage quality (VQ) index has become a significant measure of recent power system stability. The integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems plus smart home loads (SHLs) at low voltage levels (LVLs) has resulted in various issues such as harmonics rise and voltage instabilities as a result of faults and systems nonlinearity. In this work, a dynamic voltage resistor (DVR) is implemented to enhance VQ, and its dynamic performance hinges on its control system ability. To enhance the DVR’s control system, for surpassing nonstandard voltage with a quick response and harmonics reduction at LVL under harsh operating events, an optimal controller design using the Harris Hawks algorithm (HHA) is proposed. To verify the value of the suggested solution, the hard operating events (voltage sag, voltage swell, fluctuating voltage, and imbalanced voltage) are examined and assessed. To show the effectiveness of the HHA technique, a comparison of the % total harmonic distortion (THD) reductions achieved by the suggested and conventional controllers of DVR is conducted for the scenarios under study. Moreover, the suggested controller stability is analyzed and assessed using Lyapunov’s function. The benefits of the optimized controller system are inferred from the results, including their robustness, simplicity, efficient harmonic rejection, minimal tracking error, quick response, and sinusoidal reference track. The results of the simulation show that the DVR’s optimized controller is efficient and effective in maintaining a voltage at the needed level with low THD, safeguarding the sensitive load as expected, and showing a noticeable improvement in voltage waveforms. The mathematical modeling of HHA, PV system, DVR, and SHLs are all verified using MATLAB\Simulink.
[Retracted] Clinical Value of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Detection in the Diagnosis of Early Liver Cancer Based on Data Mining
Authors: Guo Hongyan , Liu Qingfeng
Published: November 2022

The incidence of liver cancer is increasing year by year, and how to effectively diagnose early‐stage liver cancer and improve the survival rate of liver cancer patients has become one of the current research topics of concern. Aiming at this problem, it is of great significance for the diagnosis of early liver cancer. With the in‐depth research on the diagnosis of early‐stage liver cancer, the research on growth differentiation factor 15 is gradually carried out, and its performance advantages are of great significance to solve the problem of detection and diagnosis of early‐stage liver cancer. This study can improve the accuracy of early diagnosis of liver cancer. The purpose of this paper is to study the application of data mining in the study of clinical value of growth and differentiation factor 15 detection and diagnosis of early liver cancer. In this paper, the data mining algorithm is analyzed, the performance of the algorithm is experimentally analyzed, and the relevant theoretical formulas are used to explain. The results showed that the expression level of GDF‐15 was significant in early primary liver cancer (tumor diameter <2.5 cm). Different from normal liver tissue (P < 0.01), there was a significant difference (P < 0.01) compared with adjacent tissue (P < 0.01). Serum GDF‐15 can be used as a tumor marker for predicting early stage liver cancer. The high expression of GDF‐15 in early stage liver cancer is an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of liver cancer patients.
Graph Convergence and Iterative Approximation of Solution of a Set‐Valued Variational Inclusions
Authors: Khan Faizan Ahmad , Gupta Sanjeev
Published: November 2022

In this article, first, we introduce a class of proximal‐point mapping associated with generalized αiβj‐Hp(.,.,…)‐accretive mapping. Further, we discuss the graph convergence of generalized αiβj‐Hp(.,.,…)‐accretive mapping. As an application, we consider a set‐valued variational inclusion problem (SVIP) in real Banach spaces. Furthermore, we propose an iterative scheme involving the above class of proximal‐point mapping to find a solution of SVIP and discuss its convergence under some convenient assumptions. An example is constructed and demonstrated few graphics in support of our main results.
Prenatal Monitoring of Perinatal Pregnant Women and Fetus Based on a Smart Electronic Fetal Monitoring System
Authors: Sun Yu , Jiang Su’e
Published: November 2022

The aim of the study is to study the prenatal monitoring of perinatal pregnant women based on a smart electronic fetal monitoring system. Through the comparative analysis of 230 pregnant women in maternal and child health care hospital who received fetal heart monitoring during the perinatal period and those who did not receive fetal heart monitoring during the perinatal period, cases of fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, and cesarean section were observed in both groups. Results show that the incidences of fetal complications and cesarean sections in the experimental group were 16.36% and 36.82%, which was significantly higher than 4.50% and 17.50% in the control group(p < 0.05); the neonatal mild and severe asphyxia rates in the experimental group were 3.18% and 1.36%, which were significantly lower than 9.50% and 6.50% in the control group (p < 0.05). The experimental results show that the correct application of fetal heart rate monitoring in the perinatal period can aid in early detection and dealing with fetal distress and reduce the occurrence of various complications such as neonatal asphyxia. It is worthy to be popularized and applied in clinics.
A Fundamental Criteria to Establish General Formulas of Integrals
Authors: Saadeh Rania , Abu-Ghuwaleh Mohammad , Qazza Ahmad , Kuffi Emad
Published: November 2022

In this study, new master theorems and general formulas of integrals are presented and implemented to solve some complicated applications in different fields of science. The proposed theorems are considered to be generators of new problems, including difficult integrals with their exact solutions. The results of these problems can be obtained directly without the need for difficult calculations. New criteria for treating improper integrals are presented and illustrated in four interesting examples and some tables to simplify the procedure of using the proposed theorems. The outcomes of this study are compared with those presented by Gradshteyn and Ryzhik in the classical table of integrations. The results in this study are simple and applicable in solving integrals, and some of the well-known theorems in calculating improper integrals are considered simple cases of our research.
Intelligent Computer Technology-Driven Mural Pattern Recognition Method
Authors: Wei Wenqing , Gao Lei
Published: November 2022

As an important part of cultural heritage, murals reflect the economy, culture, and ideas of different historical periods and are an important basis for historical research. The lines in murals are the core elements to express the beauty of images. They have an irreplaceable special position in murals and are of great significance in the protection and restoration of murals. With the development of image recognition technology, the recognition of mural images has become a key research topic. In recent years, as a new image processing technology, deep learning based on a convolutional neural network is widely used in many fields. Using a convolutional neural network to recognize images has become a very active topic. With the continuous deepening of the number of layers of the convolutional neural network model, its autonomous learning ability of image recognition continues to improve. However, there are still some problems in the current image recognition model based on a convolutional neural network for mural images with rich structural details and complex texture and color. Therefore, according to the texture and structural characteristics of mural images, this paper uses the design idea of a convolutional neural network for reference to carry out research on mural image recognition. The improved algorithm proposed in this paper is tested on the experimental data set of mural images. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm can reduce the recognition error; enhance the edge, texture, and structure information of the reconstructed mural image; and enrich the detail information of the reconstructed mural image.
Effect of Alcalase Modification of Yellow Lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) Protein Isolate on Some Functional Properties and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Tesarowicz Iwona , Zawiślak Agnieszka , Maciejaszek Ireneusz , Surówka Krzysztof
Published: November 2022

Protein isolate obtained from sweet yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) and its Alcalase hydrolysates were examined for their functional and antioxidant properties in relation to surface hydrophobicity of proteins and peptides and molecular weight distribution. Enzymatic hydrolysis improved the foaming characteristics of lupin proteins, while the emulsifying properties deteriorated. It means that good foaming properties of preparations are determined by the presence of low-molecular δ conglutin and small subunits of γ conglutins. In turn, larger proteins such as α and β conglutin are responsible for maintaining good emulsifying properties. The measured surface hydrophobicity was consistent with the results of emulsifying properties. It has also been shown that the scope of changes in antioxidant properties due to hydrolysis, measured by DPPH method and as reducing power, is more pronounced than with the use of ABTS and FRAP methods.
A Well-Behaved Anisotropic Strange Star Model
Authors: Mathias Amos V. , Sunzu Jefta M.
Published: November 2022

We obtain a new nonsingular exact model for compact stellar objects by using the Einstein field equations. The model is consistent with stellar star with anisotropic quark matter in the absence of electric field. Our treatment considers spacetime geometry which is static and spherically symmetric. Ansatz of a rational form of one of the gravitational potentials is made to generate physically admissible results. The balance of gravitational, hydrostatic, and anisotropic forces within the stellar star is tested by analysing the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation. Several stellar objects with masses and radii comparable with observations found in the past are generated. Our model obeys different stability tests and energy conditions. The profiles for the potentials, matter variables, stability, and energy conditions are well behaved.
Intestinal Parasitic Infections, Treatment and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Sao Tome and Principe: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Vasconcelos Alexandra , Sousa Swasilanne , Bandeira Nelson , Alves Marta , Papoila Ana Luísa , Pereira Filomena , Machado Maria Céu
Published: November 2022

Background. Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are a public health problem in developing countries such as Sao Tome and Principe (STP) although the pregnancy burden of IPIs is unknown in this endemic country. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of IPIs, prescribed anthelmintics, and associated factors among pregnant women admitted to Hospital Dr. Ayres de Menezes (HAM). Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women admitted to the HAM who had undergone antenatal copro-parasitological screening. Data were abstracted from antenatal care (ANC) cards regarding parasitological results and anthelmintic prescriptions. A structured questionnaire face-to-face interview was also applied. Pregnant women with an IPI (210) were compared to noninfected women (151). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with IPIs were estimated using multiple logistic regression models. A

p

value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. A total of 361 participants (210 IPI and 151 no-IPI) with a mean age of 26.96 (SD: 7.00) were included. The overall prevalence of IPI was 58.2% (95% CI 52.9 to 63.3), mainly due to helminthiasis, with a 55.9% (95% CI 50.7–61.2%) rate. Ascaris lumbricoides (90.9%) was the most predominant parasite species identified followed by Trichuris trichiura (13.8%). Polyparasitism was observed in 25 cases (11.9%). Anthelmintics were prescribed to 23% of pregnant women. S intercalatum (11) and E histolytica (7) infections were not adequately treated. IPI was significantly associated with primary education (AOR 1.73 (95% CI: 1.10–2.71)), unemployment (AOR 1.94 (95% CI: 1.20–3.13)), and parity of five or above (AOR 3.82 (95% CI: 1.32–11.08)). Conclusion. This study highlights the IPI burden, associated factors, and missing treatment opportunities among pregnant women with STP. This study is a useful tool for policymakers in STP to enhance the health of women and their unborn babies.
The Association between Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) and Obesity: Baseline Data of Kharameh Cohort
Authors: Jalali Maryam , Keshani Parisa , Ghoddusi Johari Masoumeh , Rezaeianzadeh Ramin , Hosseini Seyed Vahid , Rezaianzadeh Abbas
Published: November 2022

Obesity is an increasing problem that can lead to noncommunicable diseases. The role of dietary factors on one’s obesity is confirmed in many studies. One nutritional approach that can be used for assessment of the foods and diets is the Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ). Our study is aimed at exploring the association between INQ and obesity. Our hypothesis is that enriched and high‐quality diets reduce the risk of overweight or obesity. This study was carried out on 6248 overweight and obese participants, from whom 4356 (69.7%) and 1892 (30.3%) were overweight and obese, respectively. To assess the dietary intake for the participants, a valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 130 food items was utilized. The analysis revealed an inverse association between the overweight and the INQ of iron, thiamin, riboflavin, B6, folate, zinc, magnesium, calcium, and vitamin C and E. For the obese group, this inverse association was found for iron, B6, folate, zinc, magnesium, calcium, and vitamin C and E. These results approved our hypothesis that a rich nutrition diet may lead to a lower risk of obesity.
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Antenatal Depression among Pregnant Women Attending Tertiary Care Hospitals in South India
Authors: Prabhu Savitha , Guruvare Shyamala , George Linu Sara , Nayak Baby S. , Mayya Shreemathi
Published: November 2022

Background. Antenatal depression (AND) is a common mood disorder that affects both the mother and the child. Objective. The current study is aimed at identifying the prevalence of antenatal depression and the risk factors associated with it in South Indian pregnant women. Materials and Methods. The current study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital where pregnancy and postnatal care are offered. In the study, 314 pregnant women who visited the antenatal clinic for their prenatal checkups were included. To diagnose possible depression, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used. The chi-square test was applied to determine the association between antenatal depression and various socioeconomic, obstetric, and medical factors. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant confounding variables. Results. Of the total 314 women, 69 (21.98%) were suffering from possible depression with the mean EPDS score being

10.61
±
7.48

. Women of younger age had greater risks for depression than older women (

AOR
=
2.01

; 95% CI: 0.56-7.20). Maternal age (

χ

2

=
0.013

,

p
=
0.009

) and the presence of health issues during the current pregnancy (

χ

2

=
5.18

,

p
=
0.023

) were the factors significantly associated with antenatal depression. Conclusions. Clinical efforts should focus on screening antenatal depression, early identification, and effective care, thus preventing progression to postpartum depression and its detrimental effects.
Comprehensive Genomic Analysis for Identifying FZD6 as a Novel Diagnostic Biomarker for Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yang Li , Ma Deyu , Tang Shi , Jiang Tingting , Yu Jie , Wang Li , Zou Lin
Published: November 2022

As a family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with a seven-span transmembrane structure, frizzled class receptors (FZDs) play crucial roles in regulating multiple biological functions. However, their transcriptional expression profile and prognostic significance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are unclear. In AML, the role of FZDs was explored by performing the comprehensive analysis on the relationship between clinical characteristics and mRNA expression profiles from public databases including cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics, Gene Expression Profile Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE). We identified that in the majority of 27 AML cell lines, frizzled class receptor 6 (FZD6) was high-expressed. A significantly higher expression of FZD6 in AML patients was observed when compared to normal controls (

P
<
0.01

). Compared with intermediate and poor/adverse risk group patients, FZD6 expressed much lower in cytogenetic favorable risk group patients (

P
<
0.0001

). Patients with higher-expressed FZD6 were associated with shorter overall survival (OS) (

P
=
0.0089

) rather than progression-free survival (PFS). However, the predictive effect of FZD6 on OS could be reversed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The data of gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that 4 gene sets, including MYC targets, HEME metabolism, E2F targets, and UV response, were differentially enriched in the high-expression FZD6 group. To conclude, the study suggested that high expression of FZD6 might be a novel poor prognostic biomarker for AML treatment.
Automatic Approach Behaviors in Alcohol Dependence: Does a Cognitive Bias Modification Training Affect Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer Effects?
Authors: Chen Ke , Garbusow Maria , Sebold Miriam , Zech Hilmar G. , Zimmermann Ulrich , Heinz Andreas
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Positively conditioned Pavlovian cues tend to promote approach and negative cues promote withdrawal in a Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigm, and the strength of this PIT effect was associated with the subsequent relapse risk in alcohol-dependent (AD) patients. When investigating the effect of alcohol-related background cues, instrumental approach behavior was inhibited in subsequent abstainers but not relapsers. An automatic approach bias towards alcohol can be modified using a cognitive bias modification (CBM) intervention, which has previously been shown to reduce the relapse risk in AD patients. Here we examined the effects of such CBM training on PIT effects and explored its effect on the relapse risk in detoxified AD patients. Methods: N = 81 recently detoxified AD patients performed non-drug-related and drug-related PIT tasks before and after CBM versus placebo training. In addition, an alcohol approach/avoidance task (aAAT) was performed before and after the training to assess the alcohol approach bias. Patients were followed up for 6 months. Results: A stronger alcohol approach bias as well as a stronger non-drug-related PIT effect predicted relapse status in AD patients. No significant difference regarding relapse status or the number of heavy drinking days was found when comparing the CBM training group versus the placebo group. Moreover, there was no significant modulation effect of CBM training on any PIT effect or the aAAT. Conclusion: A higher alcohol approach bias in the aAAT and a stronger non-drug-related PIT effect both predicted relapse in AD patients, while treatment outcome was not associated with the drug-related PIT effect. Unlike expected, CBM training did not significantly interact with the non-drug-related or the drug-related PIT effects or the alcohol approach bias.
En Face Images Using Ultra-Widefield Optical Coherence Tomography in 2 Cases of Traumatic Hypotony Maculopathy before and after Surgical Intervention
Authors: Nagatomi Yuri , Tagami Mizuki , Misawa Norihiko , Sakai Atsushi , Haruna Yusuke , Honda Shigeru
Published: November 2022

The aim was to investigate the structural changes of the retina using en face ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography (OCT) images during the treatment of hypotony maculopathy with traumatic cyclodialysis. Case 1 was a 43-year-old male patient with visual crowding in his left eye (metallic wire injury that occurred 3 weeks previously) who was referred to our department. Although best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in his left eye on initial evaluation, intraocular pressure was 6 mm Hg. Case 2 was a 20-year-old male patient with visual crowding in his left eye (baseball ball injury that occurred 4 weeks previously) who was referred to our department. Although best-corrected visual acuity was 16/20 in his left eye on initial examination, intraocular pressure was 5 mm Hg. Surgical interventions were performed in both cases. En face ultra-widefield OCT images were able to be used to trace dynamic changes before the intervention and up to 1 year later. The images obtained in these two cases made it possible to confirm the progress from wrinkles on the surface of the retina to normalization of vascular structure and improvement of ellipsoid zone disruption. En face ultra-widefield OCT is useful for monitoring multilayer structures of the retina in hypotony maculopathy cases.
Epiretinal Membrane Surgery for a Patient with Dyskinesia Related to Parkinson’s Disease Using Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Administration
Authors: Suzuki Takafumi , Sasajima Hirofumi , Ueta Yoshiki , Ishida Hidetoshi , Hashimoto Yoshihiro , Tachi Naoko
Published: November 2022

General anesthesia is usually selected when patients cannot remain still during surgery with local anesthesia. However, damage to the lungs from positive pressure ventilation under general anesthesia is a major concern in patients with Parkinson’s disease. We report a case in which dyskinesia related to Parkinson’s disease was attenuated by intravenous dexmedetomidine (DEX) administration, following which epiretinal membrane (ERM) and inner limited membrane peeling could be smoothly performed. A 68-year-old woman with systemic dyskinesia related to Parkinson’s disease underwent cataract surgery for her right eye with local anesthesia (topical anesthesia with 4% lidocaine and sub-Tenon’s anesthesia with 2% lidocaine and 30% nitrous oxide inhalation). During the surgery, continuous involuntary facial movement related to Parkinson’s disease remained uncontrollable. One week later, she underwent cataract surgery and pars plana vitrectomy for the ERM of her left eye. In addition to local anesthesia (topical anesthesia with 4% lidocaine and retrobulbar anesthesia with 2% lidocaine and 30% nitrous oxide inhalation), the patient received intravenous DEX, which halted movement from the beginning of surgery until the end. Therefore, ERM surgery was performed without the influence of dyskinesia. This case highlights that intravenous DEX administration can inhibit dyskinesia related to Parkinson’s disease during ERM surgery, which is among the most delicate microscopic procedures performed in ophthalmological settings. Additional studies are required to examine the actual effectiveness of DEX administration in patients with Parkinson’s disease-related dyskinesia undergoing ophthalmological procedures.
Baseline Clinical Characteristics and Complement Biomarkers of Patients with C3 Glomerulopathy Enrolled in Two Phase 2 Studies Investigating the Factor D Inhibitor Danicopan
Authors: Podos Steven D. , Trachtman Howard , Appel Gerald B. , Bomback Andrew S. , Dixon Bradley P. , Wetzels Jack F.M. , Cook H. Terence , Parikh Samir V. , Pickering Matthew C. , Tumlin James , Langman Craig B. , Lightstone Liz , Sperati C. John , Daina Erica , Bouman Koenraad Peter , Rice Kara , Thanassi Jane A. , Huang Mingjun , Nester Carla , Remuzzi Giuseppe
Published: November 2022

Introduction: C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a rare, progressive kidney disease resulting from dysregulation of the alternative pathway (AP) of complement. Biomarkers at baseline were investigated in patients with C3G who participated in two phase 2 studies with the factor D (FD) inhibitor, danicopan. Methods: Patients with biopsy-confirmed C3G, proteinuria ≥500 mg/day, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2 were enrolled into two studies (NCT03369236 and NCT03459443). Biomarker analysis was performed for patients with C3G confirmed by central pathology laboratory re-evaluation. Complement and clinical biomarkers, biopsy composite score, and activity and chronicity indices were assessed at baseline and analyzed by pairwise Spearman correlation analysis. Results: Twenty-nine patients were included in the analysis (median [interquartile range] age: 24.0 [10.0] years). Systemic complement AP activation was evident by reduced median concentrations of C3 and C5, elevated sC5b-9, and normal C4, relative to reference ranges. C3 showed strong pairwise correlations with C5 and sC5b-9 (r = 0.80 and −0.73, respectively; p < 0.0001). Baseline Ba and FD concentrations were inversely correlated with eGFR (r = −0.83 and −0.87, respectively; p < 0.0001). Urinary concentrations of sC5b-9 were correlated with both plasma sC5b-9 and proteinuria (r = 0.69 and r = 0.83, respectively; p < 0.0001). Biopsy activity indices correlated strongly with biomarkers of systemic AP activation, including C3 (r = −0.76, p < 0.0001), whereas chronicity indices aligned more closely with eGFR (r = −0.57, p = 0.0021). Conclusion: Associations among complement biomarkers, kidney function, and kidney histology may add to the current understanding of C3G and assist with the characterization of patients with this heterogenous disease.
Gastric Cancer: A Practical Review on Management of Individuals with Hereditary or Familial Risk for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Linhares Marisa , Pinto Cláudia Marques , Libânio Diogo , Teixeira Manuel R. , Dinis-Ribeiro Mário , Brandão Catarina
Published: November 2022

Gastric adenocarcinoma is one of the most frequent and deadly cancers worldwide. However, its incidence is variable, being higher in eastern countries where screening the general population is recommended. On the other hand, in low to intermediate-risk countries, screening the general population may not be cost-effective, and therefore, it is necessary to be aware of high-risk populations that may benefit from adequate screening and surveillance. It is not always easy to identify these individuals, leading to a late diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. In this review, the authors intend to summarize the data required to identify the population at risk of sporadic or familial gastric adenocarcinoma and the beginning of screening and its surveillance, with the final aim of increasing early detection of gastric adenocarcinoma and decreasing morbimortality. The authors highlight the importance to be aware of the several hereditary syndromes and MAPS recommendations and apply screen and surveillance protocols. The high-risk syndromes to gastric adenocarcinoma are gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach, hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, and familial intestinal gastric cancer.
Case of Repeated Full-Thickness Macular Hole Formations and Spontaneous Closure following Intravitreal Bevacizumab Treatment for Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Furukawa Rika , Matsubara Hisashi , Uchiyama Eriko , Sugimoto Masahiko , Kondo Mineo
Published: November 2022

The development of a full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) is a rare complication of intravitreal injections, and only a small subset of eyes with an FTMH has a spontaneous closure. We report a case of repeated FTMH formations and a spontaneous closure following an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) for a central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). A 39-year-old male patient presented with reduced vision in his right eye and was diagnosed with a CRVO. Two months later, neovascular glaucoma and macular edema (ME) developed and IVB was performed. After 2 weeks, optical coherence tomography revealed an improvement of the ME and the formation of an FTMH with a hyperreflective material in the FTMH. Two months later, there was a recurrence of the ME and a closure of the FTMH, but the hyperreflective material was still present in the retina. Then, another IVB and panretinal photocoagulation were performed. One month later, the ME had improved and the FTMH was closed, but the hyperreflective material was still present in the retina. After another 2 months, the ME recurred and a third IVB was performed. The ME improved without a recurrence of an FTMH. After that, there were no recurrences of the ME, but the FTMH recurred with the progression of a posterior vitreous detachment and development of an epiretinal membrane 1 year after the third IVB. We suggest that an FTMH be included as a complication of intravitreal injections, and it may close spontaneously during the course of the primary disease.
The Relationship of Vascular Aging to Reduced Cognitive Function: Pulsatile and Steady State Arterial Hemodynamics
Authors: Wang Wei-Ting , Chang Wei-Lun , Cheng Hao-Min
Published: November 2022

Aortic stiffness increases with age and is a robust predictor of cerebrovascular events and cognitive decline including Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia. Recent clinical studies have investigated the association between proximal aortic stiffness and pulsatile energy transmission that has deleterious effects on the cerebrovascular network in order to identify potential therapeutic targets. Aging causes disproportionate stiffening of the aorta compared with the carotid arteries, reducing protective impedance mismatches at their interface, increasing the transmission of destructive pulsatile pressure and energy to the cerebral circulation, and leading to cerebral small vessel disease. Thus, aortic stiffening and high-flow pulsatility are associated with alterations in the microvasculature of the brain, vascular endothelial dysfunction, and white matter damage, which contribute to impaired memory function with advancing age. Previous studies have also shown that silent lacunar infarcts and white matter hyperintensities are strongly associated with arterial stiffness. More and more evidence suggests that vascular etiologies, including aortic stiffness, impedance match, and microvascular damage, are associated with cognitive impairment and the pathogenesis of dementia. The measurement of arterial flow and pressure can help understand pulsatile hemodynamics and its impact on vital organs. Interventions that reduce aortic stiffness, such as improvement of the living environment, management of risk factors, and innovation and development of novel drugs, may reduce the risk for dementia.
Influence of Artificial Intelligence on the Adenoma Detection Rate throughout the Day
Authors: Richter Rino , Bruns Johannes , Obst Wilfried , Keitel-Anselmino Verena , Weigt Jochen
Published: November 2022

Background: Artificial intelligence systems recently demonstrated an increase in polyp and adenoma detection rate. Over the daytime, the adenoma detection rate decreases as tiredness leads to a lack of attention. It is not clear if a polyp detection system with artificial intelligence leads to constant adenoma detection over the day. Methods: We performed a database analysis of screening and surveillance colonoscopies with and without the use of AI. In both groups, patients were investigated with the same endoscopy equipment and by the same endoscopists. Only patients with good bowel preparation (BBPS >6) were included. We correlated the daytime, the investigational time, day of the week, and the adenoma and polyp detection. Results: A total of 303 colonoscopies were analyzed. 163 endoscopies in the AI+ group and 140 procedures in the AI− group were included. In both groups, the total adenoma detection rate was equal (AI+ 0.39 vs. AI− 0.43). The adenoma detection rate throughout the day had a significant decreasing trend in the group without the use of AI (p = 0.015), whereas this trend was not present in the investigations that have been performed with AI (p = 0.65). The duration of investigation did not show a significant difference between the groups (8.9 min in both groups). No relevant effect was noticed in adenoma detection between single days of the working week with or without the use of AI. Conclusion: AI helps overcome the decay in adenoma detection over the daytime. This may be attributed to a constant awareness caused by the use of the AI system.
Effectiveness and Safety of Golimumab in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis: 52-Week Results from Post-Marketing Surveillance in Japan
Authors: Nakamura Shiro , Asano Teita , Tanaka Yoshihito , Sugimoto Kanami , Yoshigoe Shinichi , Suzuki Yasuo
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Real-world evidence for the effectiveness and safety of golimumab (GLM) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the 52-week effectiveness and safety of GLM treatment for UC. Methods: This prospective, multicentre, post-marketing surveillance study is conducted in 393 patients with UC in Japan (UMIN000027542). Clinical remission (partial Mayo score ≤2), adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and their predictors, and treatment persistence were analysed. Results: The safety analysis sets comprised 391 patients. Patients in clinical remission at baseline were excluded, and 336 were used for effectiveness analysis. Clinical remission was 47.9%, 48.5%, 44.6%, and 39.6% at weeks 6, 22, 36, and 52, respectively, in the intent-to-treat analysis. In biologic-naive patients, clinical remission was slightly higher than that in biologic-experienced patients. At week 52, patients who concomitantly used corticosteroids at baseline showed numerically lower clinical remission rates than non-users of corticosteroids (34.9% vs. 44.5%). Multivariate analysis showed that smoking history (p = 0.040, odds ratio [OR] = 1.911, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.030–3.546) was an independent factor associated with clinical remission at week 52. ADRs occurred in 71 patients (18.2%) and included 9 cases of rash. Serious ADRs occurred in 40 patients (10.2%), including 8 cases of UC exacerbation. Additionally, the presence of comorbidities was associated with ADR incidence (p = 0.010, OR = 2.000, 95% CI: 1.183–3.380). Conclusion: The real-world effectiveness of GLM treatment was confirmed in biologic-naive and experienced populations. The safety profile of GLM treatment was consistent with previous findings.
Desfecho clínico de pessoas com diabetes infectadas pelo SARS-CoV-2 que desenvolveram Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave, Brasil.
Authors: Andrade Caroline Marques de , Geumaro Eduardo Alexandre , Borges Felipe Abrantkoski , Jacomossi Ângelo César Fernandes
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Comparar os desfechos clínicos de pessoas com e sem Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM 2), infectadas pelo SARS-CoV-2, que desenvolveram Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) no Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado a partir de análise da ficha de notificação compulsória de Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave Hospitalizado, obtidas no DATASUS. Foram analisados homens e mulheres com e sem DM2, infectados pelo SARS-CoV-2 e notificados como SRAG no período de fevereiro de 2020 a maio de 2021. Foram identificados os desfechos: hospitalização, admissão em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) e óbito. Em seguida, a porcentagem de cada desfecho entre pessoas com DM2 foi comparada com a de pessoas não-diabéticas infectadas no mesmo período, utilizando o teste de Qui-Quadrado, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: De um total de 384.805 pacientes, 111.046 eram diabéticos e 273.759 não diabéticos. Entre os diabéticos, 98.2% foram hospitalizados, 43.7% admitidos em UTI e 44.6% evoluíram a óbito. Enquanto entre os não-diabéticos, 97.3% necessitaram de hospitalização, 37.2% foram admitidos em UTI e 35.7% evoluíram a óbito. Após a análise com o teste de Qui-Quadrado, nos desfechos analisados foi encontrada uma diferença estatística significante (p<0.001) entre os grupos. Conclusão:  A presença de DM 2 esteve associada a um pior prognóstico da COVID-19, quando comparada a pessoas sem DM2 na população brasileira. Entretanto, são necessários mais estudos para estabelecer a causalidade e elucidar a fisiopatologia dessa associação.
Análise epidemiológica dos acidentes por escorpiões em um município do Triângulo Mineiro
Authors: Motta Ana Laíza Ferreira , Arruda Anna Myrian Vieira , Melo Guilherme Cerva de , Oliveira Stefan Vilges de
Published: November 2022

Introdução: Minas Gerais é o estado brasileiro com a maior taxa de escorpionismo, foram registrados 223.033 casos entre 2010-2017, dessa forma se faz necessária reflexões sobre como reduzir esse problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: o presente estudo visa descrever o perfil epidemiológico de acidentes oriundos do escorpionismo ocorridos no município de Patos de Minas (MG) no período de 2013 a 2017 e desenvolver um projeto de intervenção a partir do mesmo. Métodos: Primeiramente, o número de acidentes por animais peçonhentos em Patos de Minas (MG) foi analisado utilizando-se as variáveis que contemplam a ficha de notificação e investigação do SINAN, disponíveis no DATASUS. Além disso, foram utilizadas duas bases de dados, CAFE e PUBMED, para o referencial teórico, com os seguintes descritores: escorpião, Minas Gerais, envenenamento e prevenção e suas respectivas traduções para o inglês. Resultados: Acidentes por picada de escorpião foram os mais registrados dentre os animais peçonhentos, além de terem aumentado anualmente no período de estudo, atingindo, em 2017, o número de 274 casos notificados. Ademais, a frequência dos acidentes foi registrada em maior número no sexo masculino (51,18%) e a faixa etária mais atingida foi entre 20 a 39 anos (32,64%). Observa-se também que os acidentados foram classificados como casos leves e atendidos na primeira hora da picada (97,92%), com nenhum óbito no período. Os resultados encontrados estão em concordância com as referências utilizadas, sendo mais comum, em estudos, o registro de casos leves, em adultos, do sexo masculino.  Para o embasamento da proposta de intervenção, foram utilizados cinco artigos e baseado neles propõem-se o desenvolvimento de ações preventivas, corretivas do ambiente e educacionais. Conclusão: Com o estudo, foi possível identificar o público-alvo das propostas de intervenção e quando elas deveriam ser intensificadas, para tentar conter, assim, o aumento constante dos casos de escorpionismo no município analisado.
Comparação dos parâmetros respiratórios de crianças cantoras e não cantoras de coral
Authors: Dorigo Luana Vincensi , Wamosy Renata Maba Gonçalves , Castilho Tayná , Schivinski Camila Isabel Santos
Published: November 2022

Introdução: intervenções musicais, como canto coral, têm caráter artístico e são capazes de promover benefícios psicológicos e fisiológicos. Não há estudos na literatura sobre a repercussão do canto coral em parâmetros do sistema respiratório de escolares cantores, em comparação aos não cantores. Objetivo: comparar parâmetros do sistema respiratório entre crianças e adolescentes cantores de coral e não cantores. Método: estudo observacional transversal quantitativo incluiu escolares de 7 a 14 anos, constituindo o grupo intervenção alunos de canto coral (GCC) pareados com escolares não cantores (GNC) como controles. Realizou-se avaliação antropométrica, seguida de espirometria e manovacuometria, segundo recomendações da American Thoracic Society. Para comparação entre os grupos considerou-se os valores espirométricos absolutos e valores preditos, assim como para força de musculatura respiratória. Aplicou-se teste de Shapiro-Wilk e conduziu-se os testes U de Mann-Witney e Teste-T independente, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: participaram 40 crianças (95% meninas), 20 em cada grupo, com idade média de 11,25±1,80 anos no GNC e 11,20±1,64 anos no GCC. Volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo em porcentagem do predito (VEF1%) se apresentou maior no GNC (98,58±12,62%), em comparação ao GCC (87,10±8,84%) (p=0,001), por sua vez, GCC apresentou maior valor absoluto de pico de fluxo expiratório (PFE) (GNC:4,21±0,99l/s x GCC: 4,95±1,29l/s; p=0,048). Conclusão: os escolares cantores de canto coral não apresentaram melhores parâmetros de função pulmonar e FMR, em comparação aos não cantores.
Endovascular Thrombectomy Versus Best Medical Therapy for Late Presentation Acute Ischemic Stroke With Proximal Large‐Vessel Occlusion Selected on the Basis of Noncontrast Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Analysis of 2 Prospectively Defined Cohorts
Authors: Dhillon Permesh Singh , Butt Waleed , Jovin Tudor G. , Podlasek Anna , McConachie Norman , Lenthall Robert , Nair Sujit , Malik Luqman , Krishnan Kailash , Chiavacci Iacopo , Mehedi Farhan , Hong Timothy , Selva Harriwin , Dineen Robert A. , England Timothy J.
Published: November 2022

Background

The efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) >6 hours from acute ischemic stroke (AIS) onset for patients selected without computed tomography (CT) perfusion or magnetic resonance imaging is undetermined in routine clinical practice.

Methods

In this single‐center study, we identified consecutive late‐presenting patients with AIS who were eligible for EVT on the basis of noncontrast CT/CT angiography (without CT perfusion or magnetic resonance imaging) using an Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score of ≥6, >6 hours from stroke onset, between January 2018 and March 2022. During the study period, EVT capacity limitations meant EVT‐eligible patients presenting out of regular working hours, consistently received best medical management (BMM). Functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale at 90 days), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality at 90 days were compared between patients receiving EVT or BMM following multivariable adjustment for age, sex, baseline stroke severity, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, onset‐to‐neuroimaging time, intravenous thrombolysis, and clot location.

Results

Among 4802 patients with AIS, 150 patients (3.1%) presenting beyond 6 hours of onset were eligible for EVT: 74 (49%) treated with EVT and 76 (51%) with BMM. Compared with the BMM group, patients treated with EVT had significantly improved functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale) (adjusted common odds ratio, 2.23 [95% CI, 1.18–4.22];
P
=0.013), and higher rates of functional independence (modified Rankin Scale ≤2; 39.2.% versus 9.2%; adjusted odds ratio, =4.73 [95% CI, 1.64–13.63];
P
=0.004). No significant difference was observed between the EVT and BMM groups in the symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (5.4% versus 2.6%;
P
=0.94) or mortality (20.2% versus 47.3%;
P
=0.16) rates, respectively.

Conclusion

In routine clinical practice, of the 3.1% of patients in our AIS population presenting after 6 hours from stroke onset who were deemed eligible for EVT by noncontrast CT/CT angiography alone, those treated with EVT achieved significantly improved functional outcome, compared with patients treated with BMM only. No significant differences were noted between the 2 groups with respect to symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality. While confirmatory randomized trials are awaited, these findings suggest that EVT is effective and safe when performed in patients with AIS selected without CT perfusion or magnetic resonance imaging >6 hours from stroke onset.
Pauline Epistles as Affective Technologies: Liberating Literary Form and the Letter to Philemon
Authors: Dinkler Michal Beth
Published: November 2022

This article explores the affective potentials of the Pauline epistles by extending a proposal that I made in my book, Literary Theory and the New Testament. There, I suggested that we conceive of epistles as meaning-bearing beings that give rise to what I called epistolary embodiment. Here, I seek to create space for the inherent precarity of epistolary communication by exploring the uncontrollable interstices between affect, emotion, embodiment, and cognition. How do the Pauline letters function as affective technologies – that is, as messy mechanisms for the art, skill, craft (the technē) of reflecting, evoking, and processing affects? Engaging a range of interlocutors outside of biblical studies (e.g., Ahmed, Mullaney, Gallop, Felski), I use the letter to Philemon as a case study for exploring how biblical scholars might embrace the ambivalences that mark all epistolary communication.
Toward Feeling Fragments: Melancholic Migrants and Other Affect Aliens in the Philippian and Corinthian Assemblies
Authors: Marchal Joseph A.
Published: November 2022

Grief and trauma mark both the ancient past and the present, while melancholia reflects the possibilities for holding on in both contexts. In order to vary and multiply our approaches to people and places touched by loss, biblical scholars could get a different feel for the potentials of melancholia as examined in affect, queer, and critical race theories. While Pauline letters often aim to convert grief away from pain and trauma, the pre-Pauline materials within them (specifically, the slogans in 1 Corinthians and the Christ-hymn in Philippians) index a communal melancholia, refusals to “get over it” or relinquish the other and/as lost object(s). Though the other affect aliens in the assembly communities are moving within colonized contexts shaped by layered sediments of insidious trauma, their slogans and hymns assemble contingent and temporary fragments, modes of negotiating difficult conditions, of loss and death, enslavement and exploitation, unwanted touch and ongoing suffering – without forgetting.