bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exercise prescription and strategies to promote the cross-education of strength: a scoping review
Authors: Voskuil Caleb C. , Andrushko Justin W. , Huddleston Boglarka S. , Farthing Jonathan P. , Carr Joshua C.
Published: May 2023

This review examines the experimental evidence regarding unilateral resistance training frequency, intensity, the type of training, training volume, and adjuvant therapies on the cross-education of strength. CINAHL, MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were systematically searched with gray literature searches and pearling of references thereafter. Experiments were included in the review if they performed a unilateral resistance training intervention that directly compared the dose of a training variable on the cross-education response in healthy or clinical populations following a minimum of two weeks of training. Experiments must have reported maximal strength outcomes for the untrained limb. For each experiment, the study population, intervention methods, the dosage of the training variable being studied, and the outcomes for the untrained, contralateral limb were identified and collectively synthesized. The search returned a total of 912 articles, 57 of which qualified for inclusion. The results show that experimental trials have been conducted on resistance training frequency ( n = 4), intensity ( n = 7), the type of training ( n = 26), training volume ( n = 3), and adjuvant therapies ( n = 17) on the cross-education of strength. This review maps the available evidence regarding exercise design and prescription strategies to promote the cross-education of strength. It appears that traditional resistance training frequencies (i.e., 2–3×/week) at high intensities are effective at promoting cross-education with eccentric muscle actions showing additive benefits. There is experimental evidence that neuromodulatory techniques can augment cross-education when layered with unilateral resistance training versus training alone. Registration identifier (osf.io/9sh5b).

The cross-education of strength is moderated by exercise design and prescription in clinical and non-clinical populations. This review synthesizes the available evidence regarding exercise design strategies for unilateral resistance training and provides evidence-based recommendations for the prescription of unilateral training to maximize the cross-education of strength. Greater insights regarding the timing and effectiveness of cross-education interventions in clinical scenarios will strengthen the use of unilateral resistance training for individuals who may benefit from its use.
Numerical study for the computation of critical submergence for side circular intake under uniform flow
Authors: Hashid Muhammed , Hussain Ajmal , Ahmad Zulfequar
Published: May 2023

This paper discusses a numerical model study for the simulation of flow characteristics and critical submergence for a laterally placed horizontal circular bottom intake under uniform flow. The proposed model simulates the free surface using the volume of fluid model to check the vortex formation at critical submergence. A new combined approach using phase volume fraction and swirl strength-based vortex identification mechanism is used to compute the critical submergence. The swirl strength-based vortex identification mechanism can show the vortex tube in approach flow with swirl generated at the free surface due to the axial flow withdrawal through side bottom intake at critical submergence. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model results were validated using experimental data, which showed a maximum error of less than ±10% in the prediction of the critical submergence. The effect of significant parameters like intake and approach flow Froude number and sill height of intake on the critical submergence is discussed. The results of this study help practitioners to adopt CFD-based numerical modelling for the design of water intakes instead of entirely relying on physical model studies, which require more finance and time.
AAC Jatharia Canada Western Red Spring wheat
Authors: Kumar S. , Fox S.L. , Humphreys D.G. , Mitchell Fetch J. , Green D. , Fetch T. , McCallum B. , Menzies J.
Published: May 2023

AAC Jatharia (BW483) is a hollow-stemmed, high-protein, and high-yielding spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for the longer growing season areas of the Canadian Prairies. AAC Jatharia was the highest yielding line in the Central Bread Wheat Cooperative (CBWC) Registration Tests performed in the eastern prairies in 2011, 2012, and 2013. Over 2 yr of testing (2011–2012), AAC Jatharia had grain yield 2.5% higher than Unity, 11.6% higher than 5603HR, 7.8% higher than McKenzie, and 19.2% higher than CDC Teal across all locations. In 2013, AAC Jatharia yielded 6.3% higher than Unity across all Manitoba and Saskatchewan locations. AAC Jatharia was resistant to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Erikss.), and had intermediate resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici), stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis Westend), leaf spot complex, and Fusarium head blight (FHB) (Fusarium graminearum) infection, with lower FHB index and deoxynivalenol (DON) content compared with Unity. AAC Jatharia was resistant to infestation of the orange wheat blossom midge (Sitodiplosis mosellana Géhin) evaluated over 2 yr (2012 and 2013). It had higher kernel weight and test weight compared with all check cultivars, whereas its maturity was within the range of the check cultivars. AAC Jatharia is registered in the Canada Western Red Spring Wheat class for its premium quality attributes.
Greybody factors emitted by a regular black hole in a non-minimally coupled Einstein–Yang–Mills theory
Authors: Al-Badawi Ahmad
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we study the greybody factors (GFs) for fermions with different spins and bosons in the regular black hole (BH) predicted by a non-minimal Einstein–Yang–Mills (EYM) theory. We investigate the effect of magnetic charge on effective potentials and GFs. For this purpose, we consider the Dirac and Rarita–Schwinger, as well as Klein–Gordon equations. First, we study the Dirac equation in curved spacetime for massive and massless spin-1/2 fermions. We then separate the Dirac equation into sets of radial and angular equations. Using the analytical solution of the angular equation, the Schrödinger-like wave equations with potentials are derived by decoupling the radial wave equations via the tortoise coordinate. We also consider the Rarita–Schwinger equation for massless spin-3/2 fermions and derive the one-dimensional Schrödinger wave equation with gauge-invariant effective potential. For bosons, we study the Klein–Gordon equation in the regular non-minimal EYM BH. Afterward, semi-analytic methods were used to calculate the fermionic and bosonic GFs. Finally, we discuss the graphical behavior of the obtained effective potentials and bounds on the GFs. According to graphs, the GF is highly influenced by the potential’s shape, which is determined by the parameterization of the model. This is in line with quantum theory.
Artificial intelligence for reducing the radiation burden of medical imaging for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease
Authors: Hu Jiaxi , Mougiakakou Stavroula , Xue Song , Afshar-Oromieh Ali , Hautz Wolf , Christe Andreas , Sznitman Raphael , Rominger Axel , Ebner Lukas , Shi Kuangyu
Published: May 2023

Medical imaging has been intensively employed in screening, diagnosis and monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic. With the improvement of RT–PCR and rapid inspection technologies, the diagnostic references have shifted. Current recommendations tend to limit the application of medical imaging in the acute setting. Nevertheless, efficient and complementary values of medical imaging have been recognized at the beginning of the pandemic when facing unknown infectious diseases and a lack of sufficient diagnostic tools. Optimizing medical imaging for pandemics may still have encouraging implications for future public health, especially for long-lasting post-COVID-19 syndrome theranostics. A critical concern for the application of medical imaging is the increased radiation burden, particularly when medical imaging is used for screening and rapid containment purposes. Emerging artificial intelligence (AI) technology provides the opportunity to reduce the radiation burden while maintaining diagnostic quality. This review summarizes the current AI research on dose reduction for medical imaging, and the retrospective identification of their potential in COVID-19 may still have positive implications for future public health.
Path-integral bosonization of d = 2 𝒫𝒯 symmetric models
Authors: Naón C. M. , Schaposnik F. A.
Published: May 2023

We discuss bosonization of non-Hermitian [Formula: see text] invariant fermion models in [Formula: see text] spacetime dimensions within the path-integral approach in which the generating functionals associated to the fermion and boson models can be related. We first discuss the [Formula: see text] symmetric Thirring-sine-Gordon connection and then extend the treatment to bosonize the Gross–Neveu model.
The couplings of axion-like particle with neutrinos and some decay processes involving neutrinos
Authors: Li Xin-Yang , Yue Chong-Xing , Dai Guo-Qiang , Wang Han
Published: May 2023

The axion or axion-like particle (ALP) is one of the best motivated particle candidates beyond the Standard Model (SM). Its rich phenomenology has been extensively studied in various low- and high-energy experiments. However, there are relatively few studies about the couplings of ALP with neutrinos at collider experiments. In the context of the simple [Formula: see text]ALP scenario, we consider the contributions of [Formula: see text]ALP via the couplings [Formula: see text] to the decays [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] being charged pseudoscalar meson. Comparing our numerical results with the corresponding experimental measured values, we derive constraints on the coupling parameter [Formula: see text] and the [Formula: see text]ALP mass [Formula: see text]. The constraints on [Formula: see text] from the decay [Formula: see text] are generally stricter than those from other decays, the strictest constraint comes from the decay [Formula: see text], which is [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] MeV (400 MeV).
Unsteady Fluid Flow in a Darcy–Brinkman Porous Medium with Slip Effect and Porous Dissipation
Authors: Rahman Muhammad , Waheed Humma , Turkyilmazoglu Mustafa , Salman Siddiqui M.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the significance of slip situations in the appearance of a porous medium and frictional heating on unsteady fluid flow through a porous medium has been explored. The numerical solutions of the differential equation representing fluid flow through a porous material, including slip effects, are presented. We have obtained a nonlinear ordinary differential equation using a similarity transformation. Under velocity and thermal slip conditions, the Maple packages were used to numerically solve the resulting set of nonlinear problems. Both the velocity and temperature increase when the Brinkman viscosity ratio parameter [Formula: see text] increases. The effects of the nondimensional parameters on the governing flow velocity and temperature are examined with graphical profiles. The implications of relevant parameters on dimensionless temperature, velocity, local Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient are shown and explained. For various flow quantities of interest, the fluctuation of parameters is investigated, and the results are given in the system of graphs and tables.
Exciton binding energy and radiation lifetime in CdTe/Cd1−xZnxS strained core/shell spherical quantum dots under pressure
Authors: Zhang Li-Ya , Shi Lei , Yan Zu-Wei
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the exciton binding energy and radiation lifetime in type I and II structures of CdTe/Cd[Formula: see text]ZnxS strained core/shell spherical quantum dots under the hydrostatic pressure have been studied by using the variational method within the continuous dielectric model and effective mass approximation. The results show that for these two structures, the exciton binding energies with and without strain decrease with the increasing core radius but increase with the increasing pressure. The exciton binding energy with strain is smaller than that without strain. For type I structure, the effect of strain is small, and the radiation lifetime decreases monotonically with the increasing pressure. By contrast, for type II structure, the effects of shell radius and strain on the exciton binding energy are obvious, and the radiation lifetime increases first and then decreases with the increasing pressure.
Electron transition dynamics in high-order harmonic generation process from H2+
Authors: Zhang Cai-Ping , Ma Ze-Hui , Chen Yu-Zhi , Miao Xiang-Yang
Published: May 2023

The high-order harmonic generation from [Formula: see text] has been theoretically investigated by numerically solving the two-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation. A sharp minimum can be seen in the harmonic spectrum for larger internuclear distance. Moreover, the electron transition process between the ground state and the first excited state competes with the ionization process at larger internuclear distance, which is the main reason of the spectral minimum. By superposing the static electric field and adjusting the orientation angle [Formula: see text], it is further proved that the electron transition frequency between two lowest electronic states can be decoded by the minimum.
Detecting Epileptic Seizures Using Symplectic Geometry Decomposition-Based Features and Gaussian Deep Boltzmann Machines
Authors: Visalini K. , Alagarsamy Saravanan , Raja S. P.
Published: May 2023

Studies deem that about 1 percent of the human population is affected by epileptic seizures on a global scale. It is characterized as an undue neuronal discharge in the brain and degrades the quality of life of the patients to a large extent. Children being unaware of a sudden onset of seizures could be affected by severe injury or even mortality. Machine-learning-based epileptic seizure detection from EEG (Electro-Encephalogram) signals have always been a hot area of research. However, the majority of the research works rely on correlated non-linear features extracted from the EEG signals, causing a high-computational overhead, and challenging their application in real-time clinical diagnosis.

This study proposes a robust seizure detection framework using Gaussian Deep Boltzmann Machine-based classifier and Symplectic Geometric Decomposition (SGD)-based features. The simplified eigenvalues derived through Symplectic Similarity Transform (SST) are employed as feature vectors for the classifier, eliminating the need for a deliberate feature extraction procedure. The study examines the transferability capability of the suggested framework in discriminating seizures in both neonates and pediatric subjects in unison, experimenting with classical annotated datasets. The model yielded a mean accuracy of about 97.91% and an F1 Score of 0.935 in pediatric seizure detection, and mean sensitivity and specificity of 99.05% and 98.28%, in neonatal seizure detection tasks, respectively. Thus, the model can be deemed comparable to the available state-of-the-art seizure detection frameworks.
Data Statements: From Technical Concept to Community Practice
Authors: McMillan-Major Angelina , Bender Emily M. , Friedman Batya
Published: May 2023

Responsible computing ultimately requires that technical communities develop and adopt tools, processes, and practices that mitigate harms and support human flourishing. Prior efforts toward the responsible development and use of datasets, machine learning models, and other technical systems have led to the creation of documentation toolkits to facilitate transparency, diagnosis, and inclusion. This work takes the next step: to catalyze community uptake, alongside toolkit improvement. Specifically, starting from one such proposed toolkit specialized for language datasets, data statements for natural language processing, we explore how to improve the toolkit in three senses: (1) the content of the toolkit itself, (2) engagement with professional practice, and (3) moving from a conceptual proposal to a tested schema that the intended community of use may readily adopt. To achieve these goals, we first conducted a workshop with natural language processing practitioners to identify gaps and limitations of the toolkit as well as to develop best practices for writing data statements, yielding an interim improved toolkit. Then we conducted an analytic comparison between the interim toolkit and another documentation toolkit, datasheets for datasets. Based on these two integrated processes, we present our revised Version 2 schema and best practices in a guide for writing data statements. Our findings more generally provide integrated processes for co-evolving both technology and practice to address ethical concerns within situated technical communities.
PTPMT1 protects cardiomyocytes from necroptosis induced by γ-ray irradiation through alleviating mitochondria injury
Authors: Yi Jing , Yue Liang , Zhang Yuning , Tao Ning , Duan Han , Lv Lin , Tan Yingxia , Wang Hua
Published: May 2023

Effective strategies are still lacking for treating RIHD, with unclear pathological mechanisms. In cardiomyocytes model of radiation-induced injuries, we found γ-ray irradiation decreased the expression of PTPMT1, increased oxidative stress, and induced mitochondrial dysfunction and necroptosis in iPSC-CMs. ROS inhibition attenuated radiation-induced mitochondrial damage and necroptosis. PTPMT1 protected cardiomyocytes from necroptosis induced by γ-ray irradiation by alleviating mitochondrial injury. Therefore, PTPMT1 might be a potential strategy for treating RIHD.
SLC26A3 (DRA) is stimulated in a synergistic, intracellular Ca2+-dependent manner by cAMP and ATP in intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Sarker Rafiquel , Lin Ruxian , Singh Varsha , Donowitz Mark , Tse Chung-Ming
Published: May 2023

The BB Cl−/[Formula: see text] exchanger DRA takes part in both neutral NaCl absorption and stimulated anion secretion. Using intestinal cell line, Caco-2/BBE high concentrations of cAMP and Ca2+ individually stimulated DRA activity, whereas low concentrations, which had no/minimal effect, synergistically stimulated DRA activity that required a synergistic increase in intracellular Ca2+. This study increases understanding of diarrheal diseases, such as bile salt diarrhea, in which both cAMP and elevated Ca2+ are involved.
Low concentrations of tricyclic antidepressants stimulate TRPC4 channel activity by acting as an opioid receptor ligand
Authors: Jeong Byeongseok , Song Young Pyo , Chung Ji Yeon , Park Ki Chul , Kim Jinhyeong , So Insuk , Hong Chansik
Published: May 2023

Endogenous opioid systems modulate pain perception, but concerns about opioid-related substance misuse limit their use. This study has raised TRPC4 channel as a candidate target for alternative analgesics, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). TCAs have been shown to bind to and activate opioid receptors (ORs), leading to downstream signaling pathways involving TRPC4. The functional selectivity and biased agonism of TCA towards TRPC4 in dependence on OR may provide a better understanding of its efficacy or side effects.
Leveraging the GIDAS Database for the Criticality Analysis of Automated Driving Systems
Authors: Babisch Stefan , Neurohr Christian , Westhofen Lukas , Schoenawa Stefan , Liers Henrik
Published: May 2023

A safe introduction of automated driving systems on urban roads requires a thorough understanding of the traffic conflicts and accidents. This understanding is paramount to constructively safeguard these systems, i.e., to design a system that exhibits an adequate performance even in critical situations. In this work, we present an approach to gather knowledge by analyzing the German In-Depth Accident Study (GIDAS) database, which is representative of all German traffic accidents, along with the influencing factors that are hypothesized to be associated with increased criticality in relation to automated driving. In order to gain an insight into the risk associated with these factors in real-world accidents, we determine their presence in the database’s accident cases within a selected operational domain, enabled by translation from a natural language description to the database scheme employed by GIDAS. This initial catalog as well as the subsequent statistical considerations is motivated by analyzing the criticality for automated driving systems in urban areas. Based on this catalog, our work delineates a method for quantification of risk associated with such influencing factors in a given operational domain based on real-world accident data. This quantification can subsequently be used in decompositional, scenario-based risk assessment before system design and for the embedding safety argumentation. This paper, therefore, provides a blueprint of how the matured field of traffic accident research studies and its results, in particular accident databases, can be leveraged for risk assessment of the operational domain of automated driving systems.
Discussions on Proinov-

C

b

-Contraction Mapping on
b
-Metric Space
Authors: Karapınar Erdal , Fulga Andreea
Published: May 2023

In the present paper, we introduce the notion of Proinov-

C

b

-contraction mapping and we discuss it within the most interesting abstract structure, namely,

b

-metric spaces. We further take into consideration the necessary conditions to guarantee the existence and uniqueness of fixed points for such mappings, as well as indicate the validity of the main results by providing illustrative examples.
Hybrid Laminar Flow Control Optimizations for Infinite Swept Wings
Authors: Shi Yayun , Lan Xiayu , Yang Tihao
Published: May 2023

Maintaining the laminar flow on surfaces through active control is a significantly promising technique for reducing fuel burn and alleviating environmental concerns in commercial aviation. However, there is a lack of systematic parameter studies for the hybrid laminar flow control (HLFC) together with natural laminar flow (NLF). To address this need, we optimize the infinite swept wings with different sweep angles and at various conditions, including different Mach numbers, Reynolds numbers, and lift coefficients. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) solver coupled with the linear stability theory is applied for the laminar-turbulent transition prediction, and the traditional optimization method based on evolutionary algorithms is applied for laminar flow wing optimization. The optimization results found that HLFC is required when the NLF fails at a larger sweep angle (35°) and Reynolds number (

20
×

10

6

). The lower pressure peak with boundary-layer suction is found to delay the transition of the regional aviation condition. Besides, the pressure distribution of HLFC is similar to NLF results at the lower Reynolds number (

10
×

10

6

) or sweep angle (25°), i.e., a gentle negative pressure gradient near the leading edge and a small favorable pressure gradient behind it. Clarifying the characteristics of laminar flow wings will advance the application of the laminar flow technique within its field.
m-Health of Nutrition: Improving Nutrition Services with Smartphone and Machine Learning
Authors: Liu Yu , Jiang Huaiyan , Qi Yumei , Yang Jinsheng
Published: May 2023

Balanced and adequate nutrient intakes are increasingly desired for people, especially those affected by chronic diseases. How to help people to realize appropriate nutrient consumption is an issue that should be addressed in smart healthcare. This study proposes a novel smartphone-based platform that includes dietary records, nutrition data analysis, and online nutritional guidance to improve remote nutrition services. Positive results from a trial conducted in cooperation with a hospital confirm the platform’s promising capabilities in nutrition guidance and disease management. Additionally, to explore how nutrient intake impacts human health, this study took the relationship between hypertension and nutrient intake, and personal information as a case study. The findings indicate that our platform can provide detailed nutrient analysis services, and machine-learning-based prediction methods can accurately predict the user’s blood pressure with little error.
On Novel Fractional Integral and Differential Operators and Their Properties
Authors: Mubeen Shahid , Ali Rana Safdar , Elmasry Yasser , Bonyah Ebenezer , Kashuri Artion , Rahman Gauhar , Yildiz Çetin
Published: May 2023

The main goal of this paper is to describe the new version of extended Bessel–Maitland function and discuss its special cases. Then, using the aforementioned function as their kernels, we develop the generalized fractional integral and differential operators. The convergence and boundedness of the newly operators and compare them with the existing operators such as the Saigo and Riemann–Liouville fractional operators are explored. The integral transforms of newly defined and generalized fractional operators in terms of the generalized Fox–Wright function are presented. Additionally, we discuss a few exceptional cases of the main result.
Team Recruitment of Collaborative Crowdsensing under Joint Constraints of Willingness and Trust
Authors: Song Nianyun , Lu Dianjie , Hu Chunyu , Xu Weizhi , Zhang Guijuan
Published: May 2023

Collaborative crowdsensing (CCS) requires the recruited team to collaborate closely to complete sensing tasks with high quality of service (QoS). The team recruitment of CCS is mainly influenced by the subjective willingness of participants and the objective trust evaluation of the sensing platform; that is, the higher the subjective mutual willingness to work together and the objective mutual trust among participants, the more efficiency with which the CCS tasks will be achieved. However, the existing research lacks comprehensive consideration of mutual willingness and mutual trust among recruited participants. This results in poor QoS. To address this problem, we propose a novel team recruitment method for CCS that jointly considers the willingness and trust to recruit optimal teams. First, we build a graph convolutional network‐based willingness‐trust network (GCN‐WTN) model for CCS to obtain mutual willingness and trust among participants more accurately. Second, we propose a willingness and trust‐based team recruitment (WT‐TR) method to recruit the optimal teams for CCS. This method introduces the consensus and similarity constraints into the willingness and trust networks to better meet the collaboration needs of CCS. Finally, we implement a recruitment simulation platform for CCS to simulate the team recruitment process and validate the effectiveness of our proposed method. The experimental results show that the teams recruited by the proposed method can significantly improve QoS for CCS.
Twitter Bots in Cyber-Physical-Social Systems: Detection and Estimation Based on the SEIR Model
Authors: Zhang Weisha , Lu Jiazhong , Liu Yulin , Liu Xiaojun
Published: May 2023

Bots are now part of the social media landscape, and thus, a threat to cyber-physical-social systems (CPSSs). A better understanding of their characteristic behaviors and estimation of their impact on public opinion could help improve the algorithms to identify bots and help develop strategies to reduce their influence. The cosine function-based algorithm is able to compare the similarity between tweets and restore the course of information circulation. Combined with malicious features of an account, our method could effectively detect bots. We implement SEIR model to compute tweets with the hashtag #Huawei 5G and divide the trend propagation into the following four phases: formation, fermentation, explosion, and decay of trend. Sentiment analysis revealed the change of emotion and opinion among normal users in different stages and the manipulation attempt of bots behind it. Experiment results show that bots have very limited relation to users’ stance in whole. In early phase bots could affect those who are neutral. The influence of bots declines in later stage. Polarized views can hardly be changed.
Global Single-Cell Sequencing Landscape of Adipose Tissue of Different Anatomical Site Origin in Humans
Authors: Gu Shixing , Gong Zhenyu , Liu Shuncai , Lu Guohao , Ling Yu , Wei Yanlin , Li Ting , Gu Ronghe , Rong Yongxian , Li Junjun , Li Hongmian
Published: May 2023

Chronic refractory wounds (CRW) are one of the most serious clinical challenges for surgeons to address. Stromal vascular fraction gels (SVFG), including human adipose stem cells (hASCs), have excellent vascular regenerative and tissue repair properties. Here, we combined single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of leg subcutaneous adipose tissue samples with scRNA-seq data from abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, leg subcutaneous adipose tissue, and visceral adipose tissue samples from public databases. The results showed specific differences in cellular levels in adipose tissue from different anatomical site sources. We identified cells including CD4+ T cells, hASCs, adipocyte (APC), epithelial (Ep) cells, and preadipocyte. In particular, the dynamics between groups of hASCs, epithelial cells, APCs, and precursor cells in adipose tissue of different anatomical site origins were more significant. Furthermore, our analysis reveals alterations at the cellular level and molecular level, as well as the biological signaling pathways involved in these subpopulations of cells with specific alterations. In particular, certain subpopulations of hASCs have higher cell stemness, which may be related to lipogenic differentiation capacity and may be beneficial in promoting CRW treatment and healing. In general, our study captures a human single-cell transcriptome profile across adipose depots, the cell type identification and analysis of which may help dissect the function and role of cells with specific alterations present in adipose tissue and may provide new ideas and approaches for the treatment of CRW in the clinical setting.
Design of Image Processing Technology Support System in Human-Computer Collaborative Visual Design Assisted by Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: Song Yan
Published: May 2023

Aiming at the problems of high cleaning intensity, low efficiency, and hidden safety hazards of high-altitude curtain walls, this study proposes that the image processing method is a kind of image processing technology in human-computer collaborative visual design. The algorithm uses generalized mapping to scramble the picture and then expands and replaces the scrambled pictures one by one through the image processing technical support system. Studies have shown that this calculation method has mixed pixel values, good diffusion performance, and strong resistance performance. The pixel distribution of the processed image is relatively random, and the features of similar loudness are not relevant. It is proved through experiments that the above calculation methods have strong safety performance.
Targeting Replication Stress and Chemotherapy Resistance with a Combination of Sacituzumab Govitecan and Berzosertib: A Phase I Clinical Trial
Authors: Abel Melissa L. , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Peer Cody , Redon Christophe E. , Nichols Samantha , Vilimas Rasa , Lee Min-Jung , Lee Sunmin , Shelat Meenakshi , Kattappuram Robbie , Sciuto Linda , Pinkiert Danielle , Graham Chante , Butcher Donna , Karim Baktiar , Sharma Ajit Kumar , Malin Justin , Kumar Rajesh , Schultz Christopher W. , Goyal Shubhank , del Rivero Jaydira , Krishnamurthy Manan , Upadhyay Deep , Schroeder Brett , Sissung Tristan , Tyagi Manoj , Kim Jung , Pommier Yves , Aladjem Mirit , Raffeld Mark , Figg William Douglas , Trepel Jane , Xi Liqiang , Desai Parth , Thomas Anish
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

Despite promising preclinical studies, toxicities have precluded combinations of chemotherapy and DNA damage response (DDR) inhibitors. We hypothesized that tumor-targeted chemotherapy delivery might enable clinical translation of such combinations.

Patients and Methods:

In a phase I trial, we combined sacituzumab govitecan, antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) that delivers topoisomerase-1 inhibitor SN-38 to tumors expressing Trop-2, with ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) inhibitor berzosertib. Twelve patients were enrolled across three dose levels.

Results:

Treatment was well tolerated, with improved safety over conventional chemotherapy-based combinations, allowing escalation to the highest dose. No dose-limiting toxicities or clinically relevant ≥grade 4 adverse events occurred. Tumor regressions were observed in 2 patients with neuroendocrine prostate cancer, and a patient with small cell lung cancer transformed from EGFR-mutant non–small cell lung cancer.

Conclusions:

ADC-based delivery of cytotoxic payloads represents a new paradigm to increase efficacy of DDR inhibitors.

See related commentary by Berg and Choudhury, p. 3557
Supplementary Tables S1-S11 and Figure S1 from Opportunities for Achieving the Cancer Moonshot Goal of a 50% Reduction in Cancer Mortality by 2047
Authors: Shiels Meredith S. , Lipkowitz Stanley , Campos Nicole G. , Schiffman Mark , Schiller John T. , Freedman Neal D. , Berrington de González Amy
Published: May 2023

Supplemental Table 1. 15 leading causes of cancer death in the U.S. in 2019.
Supplemental table 2. Trends in total cancer mortality rates, incidence rates and relative survival in the U.S.
Supplemental table 3. Trends in lung cancer mortality rates, incidence rates and relative survival in the U.S.
Supplemental table 4. Trends in colorectal cancer mortality rates, incidence rates and relative survival in the U.S.
Supplemental table 5. Trends in pancreatic cancer mortality rates, incidence rates and relative survival in the U.S.
Supplemental table 6. Trends in female breast cancer mortality rates, incidence rates and relative survival in the U.S.
Supplemental table 7. Trends in prostate cancer mortality rates, incidence rates and relative survival in the U.S.
Supplemental table 8. Trends in liver/IHBD cancer mortality rates, incidence rates and relative survival in the U.S.
Supplemental table 9. Trends in cancer mortality rates in the U.S., 2000-2019 for selected sites.
Supplemental Table 10. US breast cancer incidence-based mortality*.
Supplemental Table 11. U.S. breast cancer incidence-based mortality by age at death.
Supplemental Figure 1. Liver cancer incidence (1992-2019), survival (2000-2019) and mortality (2000-2019 projected through 2047). This figure excludes cases of intrahepatic bile duct cancer.
Supplementary Tables 1-5 from Integrative Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals Disease-specific Microbiome–host Interactions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jain Vinay , Baraniya Divyashri , El-Hadedy Doaa E. , Chen Tsute , Slifker Michael , Alakwaa Fadhl , Cai Kathy Q. , Chitrala Kumaraswamy N. , Fundakowski Christopher , Al-Hebshi Nezar N.
Published: May 2023

Word document with Supplementary Tables 1-5
Supplementary File 4 from Integrative Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals Disease-specific Microbiome–host Interactions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jain Vinay , Baraniya Divyashri , El-Hadedy Doaa E. , Chen Tsute , Slifker Michael , Alakwaa Fadhl , Cai Kathy Q. , Chitrala Kumaraswamy N. , Fundakowski Christopher , Al-Hebshi Nezar N.
Published: May 2023

Gene Set Enrichment Analysis results (Host pathways)
Supplementary File 11 from Integrative Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals Disease-specific Microbiome–host Interactions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jain Vinay , Baraniya Divyashri , El-Hadedy Doaa E. , Chen Tsute , Slifker Michael , Alakwaa Fadhl , Cai Kathy Q. , Chitrala Kumaraswamy N. , Fundakowski Christopher , Al-Hebshi Nezar N.
Published: May 2023

Host pathways (GSEA genesets) correlating with microbial genera
Supplementary File 1 from Integrative Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals Disease-specific Microbiome–host Interactions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jain Vinay , Baraniya Divyashri , El-Hadedy Doaa E. , Chen Tsute , Slifker Michael , Alakwaa Fadhl , Cai Kathy Q. , Chitrala Kumaraswamy N. , Fundakowski Christopher , Al-Hebshi Nezar N.
Published: May 2023

Quantity and quality of the DNA and RNA extracts and the seqeuncing libraries.
Supplementary Figures 1-12 from Integrative Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals Disease-specific Microbiome–host Interactions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jain Vinay , Baraniya Divyashri , El-Hadedy Doaa E. , Chen Tsute , Slifker Michael , Alakwaa Fadhl , Cai Kathy Q. , Chitrala Kumaraswamy N. , Fundakowski Christopher , Al-Hebshi Nezar N.
Published: May 2023

PDF document with Supplementary Figures 1-12
FIGURE 7 from Integrative Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals Disease-specific Microbiome–host Interactions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jain Vinay , Baraniya Divyashri , El-Hadedy Doaa E. , Chen Tsute , Slifker Michael , Alakwaa Fadhl , Cai Kathy Q. , Chitrala Kumaraswamy N. , Fundakowski Christopher , Al-Hebshi Nezar N.
Published: May 2023

Preliminary in vitro experimental validation in SCC25 cells. A,Cutibacterium acnes and the MYC gene were chosen for this experiment based on their strong correlation in the sequencing data. rs, Spearman correlation coefficient; CLR, centered log ratio; Rlog, regularized log transformation defined in the DESeq2 package. B,C. ances NCTC 737 grown to mid-log phase was cocultured with SCC25 cells at MOI of 50, 100, and 200 for 24 hours. Levels of MYC mRNA were measured by qRT-PCR, normalized to GADPH and relative to the noninfected cells (controls). * Statistically significant, Welch-corrected t test.
FIGURE 6 from Integrative Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals Disease-specific Microbiome–host Interactions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jain Vinay , Baraniya Divyashri , El-Hadedy Doaa E. , Chen Tsute , Slifker Michael , Alakwaa Fadhl , Cai Kathy Q. , Chitrala Kumaraswamy N. , Fundakowski Christopher , Al-Hebshi Nezar N.
Published: May 2023

Microbiome-host data integration. Unsupervised Spearman rank correlation was performed between appropriately transformed host gene and microbial genus counts. Significant correlations were defined as those with absolute correlation coefficient (rs) ≥ 0.6 and FDR ≤ 0.05. For each microbial feature, the correlating genes, ranked by rs, were subjected to GSEA. A, Genera that correlated with >1,000 host genes and whether GSEA turned significant results for each genus. B, Interaction of selected genera with the host pathways based on GSEA results. Red edges denote activation while blue edges denote inhibition. For each edge, the number of genes involved is displayed. C–E, MSigDB genes with the highest correlations with Roseolovirus, Cutibacterium and Yuavirus, respectively. Red edges denote positive correlation while blue edges denote inhibition. For each edge, rs is displayed.
FIGURE 3 from Integrative Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals Disease-specific Microbiome–host Interactions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jain Vinay , Baraniya Divyashri , El-Hadedy Doaa E. , Chen Tsute , Slifker Michael , Alakwaa Fadhl , Cai Kathy Q. , Chitrala Kumaraswamy N. , Fundakowski Christopher , Al-Hebshi Nezar N.
Published: May 2023

Microbial loads and transcriptional profiles. DNA extracted from the same cells as for RNA was used to determine bacterial, fungal, and archaeal loads in the samples relative to human β-actin gene by qPCR (A). Nonhuman, nonribosomal RNA sequences were used as input for HUMAnN 3.0 for microbial taxonomic and functional profiling. Microbial phyla (B) and top 20 genera (C) identified in each of the study groups ranked by their average transcriptional relative abundances. D, A PCA plot based on CLR-transformed genus-level profiles (created with Phyoseq and microbiome R packages). E, Top 20 expressed enzyme classes ranked by their average transcriptional abundances (CLR-transformed counts) in each sample type.
Data from Prediagnostic CT or MRI Utilization and Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: SEER-Medicare Database Analysis
Authors: Karim Mohammad A , Singal Amit G , Kum Hye Chung , Lee Yi-Te , Park Sulki , Rich Nicole E , Noureddin Mazen , Yang Ju Dong
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Ultrasound-based surveillance has suboptimal sensitivity for early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection, generating interest in alternative surveillance modalities. We aim to investigate the association between prediagnostic CT or MRI imaging and overall survival in a contemporary cohort of HCC patients. Using the SEER-Medicare database, we analyzed Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with HCC between 2011 and 2015. Proportion of time covered (PTC) was defined as the proportion of the 36-month period prior to HCC diagnosis in which patients had received abdominal imaging (ultrasound, CT, MRI). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to investigate the association between PTC and overall survival. Among 5,098 HCC patients, 3,293 (65%) patients had abdominal imaging prior to HCC diagnosis, of whom 67% had CT/MRI. Median PTC by any abdominal imaging was 5.6% (IQR: 0%-36%), with few patients having PTC >50%. Compared to no abdominal images, ultrasound (adjusted HR [aHR]: 0.87, 95%CI: 0.79-0.95) and CT/MRI group (aHR: 0.68, 95%CI: 0.63-0.74) were associated with improved survival. Lead time adjusted analysis showed improved survival continued to be observed with CT/MRI imaging (aHR: 0.80, 95%CI: 0.74-0.87) but not ultrasound (aHR: 1.00, 95%CI: 0.91-1.10). Increased PTC was associated with improved survival, with a larger effect size observed with CT/MRI (aHR per 10%: 0.93, 95%CI: 0.91–0.95) than ultrasound (aHR per 10%: 0.96, 95%CI: 0.95-0.98). In conclusion, PTC by abdominal images was associated with improved survival in HCC patients, with potential greater benefit using CT/MRI imaging. Regular utilization of CT/MRI before cancer diagnosis may have potential survival benefit compared to ultrasound in HCC patients.
Abstract 14833: Senescent Endothelial Cells Are Highly Susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Which Might Account for the Aggravation of COVID-19 in the Elderly
Authors: Katayama Akiko , Ikeda Koji , Yamazaki Ekura , Ueno Daisuke , Shin-ya Masaharu , Ohgitani Eriko , Mazda Osam , Matoba Satoaki
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), induced by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has posed a global health emergency. COVID-19 vaccines are certainly effective to prevent infection, severe disease, and hospitalization; however, its spreading remains to be uncontrolled worldwide. The striking feature of COVID-19 is the high mortality in the elderly; every 1,000 people infected with SARS-CoV-2, around 116 will die if they are mid-seventies or older, while little will die if they are under the age of 50. Though elderly is more fragile than younger people in general, this substantial difference in mortality strongly suggest a specific factor(s) that aggravate the disease in elder people. Systemic thrombosis has been highlighted in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, and lung microangiopathy in association with endothelial cells (ECs) injury has been reported by post-mortem analysis of the lungs.

Hypothesis:
Senescent endothelial cells are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods:
We experimentally investigated the SARS-CoV-2 infection in ECs, and performed a comparative analysis for post-infection molecular events using young and replicative senescent ECs.

Results:
We identify that; 1) SARS-CoV-2 infects ECs largely through endocytosis, 2) Senescent ECs are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, possibly through enhanced caveolae-mediated endocytosis, 3) SARS-CoV-2 infection alters various genes expression, which could cause EC dysfunctions, 4) More genes expression is affected in senescent ECs by SARS-CoV-2 infection than in young ECs, which might causes further exacerbated dysfunction in senescent ECs, 5) SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly affected coagulation cascade only in senescent ECs.

Conclusions:
These data strongly suggest that sustained EC dysfunctions due to SARS-CoV-2 infection may contribute to the microangiopathy in the lungs, leading to deteriorated inflammation and thrombosis in COVID-19. Our data also suggest a possible causative role of EC senescence in the aggravated disease in elder COVID-19 patients.
Economic Outcomes of Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis and Low Surgical Risk: Results from the PARTNER 3 Trial
Authors: Galper Benjamin Z. , Chinnakondepalli Khaja M. , Wang Kaijun , Magnuson Elizabeth A. , Lu Michael , Thourani Vinod H. , Kodali Susheel , Makkar Raj , Herrmann Howard C. , Kapadia Samir , Williams Mathew , Webb John , Smith Craig R. , Mack Michael J. , Leon Martin B. , Cohen David J. ,   on behalf of the PARTNER Investigators
Published: May 2023

Background:

In patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis at low surgical risk, transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with the SAPIEN 3 valve has been shown to reduce the composite of death, stroke, or rehospitalization at 2-year follow-up compared with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Whether TAVR is cost-effective compared with SAVR for low-risk patients remains uncertain.

Methods:

Between 2016 and 2017, 1000 low-risk patients with aortic stenosis were randomly assigned to TAVR with the SAPIEN 3 valve or SAVR in the PARTNER 3 trial (Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves). Of these patients, 929 underwent valve replacement, were enrolled in the United States, and were included in the economic substudy. Procedural costs were estimated using measured resource use. Other costs were determined by linkage with Medicare claims or by regression models when linkage was not feasible. Health utilities were estimated using the EuroQOL 5-item questionnaire. With the use of a Markov model informed by in-trial data, lifetime cost-effectiveness from the perspective of the US health care system was estimated in terms of cost per quality-adjusted life-year gained.

Results:

Although procedural costs were nearly $19 000 higher with TAVR, total index hospitalization costs were only $591 more with TAVR compared with SAVR. Follow-up costs were lower with TAVR such that TAVR led to 2-year cost savings of $2030/patient compared with SAVR (95% CI, –$6222 to $1816) and a gain of 0.05 quality-adjusted life-years (95% CI, –0.003 to 0.102). In our base-case analysis, TAVR was projected to be an economically dominant strategy with a 95% probability that the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for TAVR would be <$50 000/quality-adjusted life-year gained (consistent with high economic value from a US health care perspective). These findings were sensitive to differences in long-term survival, however, such that a modest long-term survival advantage with SAVR would render SAVR cost-effective (although not cost saving) compared with TAVR.

Conclusions:

For patients with severe aortic stenosis and low surgical risk similar to those enrolled in the PARTNER 3 trial, transfemoral TAVR with the SAPIEN 3 valve is cost saving compared with SAVR at 2 years and is projected to be economically attractive in the long run as long as there are no substantial differences in late death between the 2 strategies. Long-term follow-up will be critical to ultimately determine the preferred treatment strategy for low-risk patients from both a clinical and economic perspective.