bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE ACTIVITY OF TOURIST SERVICE SPHERE ENTERPRISES
Authors: Tymchuk Svitlana
Published: December 2021

The main purpose of the article is a comprehensive study of issues related to the analysis of the main components and the development of measures to ensure the economic efficiency of enterprises in the field of tourist services in modern conditions.

Systematization of literature sources and approaches to solving the problem showed that the service of tourists during the trip involves various companies and organizations in the field of service. The object of the study are selected enterprises in the field of tourist services. The study period is 2015-2019.

The study of the economic efficiency of service enterprises showed that in recent years there has been an increase in the number of tourists who were served by tour operators and travel agents in Ukraine 2.6 times, of which inbound tourists ‒ 5.5 times, outbound tourists ‒ 2.9 , and domestic tourists ‒ 1.3 times. The cost of sold tourist vouchers also increased (3.5 times).

The study empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the main executor that ensures the implementation of the stages of accommodation and service in the hotel guest cycle, is the accommodation sector. Its representatives are also involved in the organization of leisure tourists. The number of persons in collective accommodation facilities increased 1.2 times in 2015-2019.

Meeting the needs and demand for tourism implies the need to provide a large number of tourist services. Significant growth in terms of all costs incurred by tourism entities for the services of third-party organizations used in the production of tourism products. In the structure of the studied costs, the largest share is occupied by accommodation and accommodation costs ‒ 25.7%, transport services ‒ 26.9%.

Thus, the analysis of economic efficiency of enterprises in the field of tourist services is of practical importance. According to its results, you can not only assess the efficiency of the enterprise, analyze the total effect of its structural units and activities, but also identify promising areas of development of the industry and the results of the resourses use.

The analysis indicates a gradual increase in most of the studied indicators that characterize the work of enterprises in the field of tourist services. In the future, to successfully overcome the crisis, it is necessary to develop integration forms of enterprises in the hospitality industry and tourist services
AUTOMATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES AS A MECHANISM TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF A HOTEL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Tereshchuk Natalia , Tranchenko Lyudmyla
Published: December 2021

The peculiarities of regulation of hotel business with the help of information technologies are covered in the work. The urgency of the problem is confirmed by the fact that the existing methods of assessing the use of automated management systems of hotel enterprises and the specifics of individual software products increase the competitiveness of modern hotel enterprises. The main purpose of this study is to identify trends and concepts of hotel services, characterized by a high level of competition, a variety of services provided and increasing the level of service. The implementation of this task involves the analysis and forecasting of the development of the automation process taking into account the socio-economic situation of the countries. Today, hotel companies against the background of a fierce struggle for each guest are forced to improve actively, using a variety of internal organizational and technological innovations as the most effective mechanisms to increase competitiveness. The article examines the impact of information technology on hotel management, as it is directly related to improving the efficiency of both the individual manager and the hotel, as well as the impact on competitiveness in today's market. The article analyzes the use of computer networks, the Internet and Internet technologies, software products for end-to-end automation of all business processes of the hotel, which today are not just a matter of leadership and competitive advantage, but also survival in the market.

Today, a significant number of Ukrainian hotel businesses are actively implementing automation systems that fully meet modern requirements. The main advantage of using ACS is the integration with such global booking systems as Amadeus, Galileo, Saber and Worldspan.

The competitive advantage of enterprises in the hospitality industry largely depends on the active use of innovations in information technology, which in turn is a strong marketing tool that allows you to manage consumer loyalty to the guest.
Innovative Way to Improve Learning Languange and Cultural Understanding Through Film Background Minangkabau Culture
Authors: Helda Trisna , Rahmat Wahyudi , Marni Silvia
Published: December 2021

This article discusses how films set in Minangkabau culture can be used as an effective platform to enable students to understand Minangkabau culture and the target language. Through films, students broaden their understanding of culture, language, geography, sociolinguistics, socioeconomic, socio-political and educational in Minang society. This article describes how a small number of films set in Minangkabau culture have been used at different skill levels in language programs in schools as one of the local content subjects, especially schools located in West Sumatra with the majority of the Minang community. It also examines the role of films in the teaching and learning process, and how watching films strengthens classroom activities such as discussions, and debates and activities outside the classroom such as interviews and research on topics related to the films. To explore student feedback on this process, there was a discussion about responses to watching the film. It is proposed that three main issues need to be considered: film choice; development of lesson plans; and possible efficiency is obtained by asking students to watch movies. In conclusion, it is argued that the combination of these strategies demonstrates how films set in Minangkabau culture can be used in innovative ways to teach Minang language and culture in West Sumatra. Development of lesson plans; and possible efficiency is obtained by asking students to watch movies.
Developing Learning Material Model for English for Specific Purpose (ESP) in Accounting Department of Riau University
Authors: Nawir Erna , Alber Alber , Syafitri Widya
Published: December 2021

The confusion of lecturers in teaching English with specific and suitable material for students who choose majors other than the English department is the main problem mostly encountered found by the writers is the basic reason for conducting this research. The main purpose of having this article is to fill the absence of material provided for students in Accounting Department in Riau University. Through descriptive methods, qualitative approaches and instruments used in the form of a close-ended questionnaire in which the form of questions refer to the need analysis proposed by Hutchinson & Water (necessities, wants, and lacks) of the students, initialized and complemented with their latest English language level and an adaptation questionnaire from Adnan was researched as well. The data was  obtained from a number of students majoring in Accounting for academic year of 2020/2021 class E at the Faculty of Economics, Riau University which were converted to frequency and rounded to a percentage. Dominated by students who have basic English skills, the students have various necessities, wants, and lacks in learning English. Eventually based on the finding, a proposed material model was framed.
Analisis Tingkat Berpikir Kreatif Mahasiswa dalam Memecahkan Soal Matematika Ditinjau Dari Keaktifan Kelas Daring
Authors: Budi Tri , Izzati Nur
Published: December 2021

The heterogeneity of mathematics education students is a challenge for lecturers and students at the same level who want to research because of the many characteristics. Creativity is not only intended for people with high mathematical abilities but also for everyone. The study was conducted online due to the COVID-19 outbreak. This research is a descriptive qualitative research that aims to describe the level of creative thinking of students in solving math problems online and to describe the activity of online classes. The research subjects studied were students of the 6th semester 6th semester mathematics education research methodology (metopen) at Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, totaling 23 people. The data analysis technique in this study uses the methods proposed by Miles and Huberman, namely data reduction, data presentation and verification or conclusions. Data collection is done by providing problem solving questions to all subjects online. The results of the study on the average creative thinking level of the 23 people were quite creative and active.
Local Instructional Theory Topik Dua Tipe Kesalahan dalam Pengujian Hipotesis
Authors: Syafriandi Syafriandi , Fauzan Ahmad , Lufri Lufri , Armiati Armiati
Published: December 2021

Two types of errors are one of the important topics in hypothesis testing. Studying the two types of errors is not only studying how the procedure determines the probability of making an error, but it is very important to study the theoretical concepts of the two types of errors. To achieve this goal, a learning design is needed that can facilitate students to construct their own concepts of the two types of errors. The learning design developed is local instructional theory resulting from the cyclic process of hypothetical learning trajectory. The type of research used is design research using the model developed by Gravemeijer and Cobb. The test subjects used in this study were students of the Ma thematics Education Study Program, FMIPA UNP who took the Elementary Statistics Course in the July – December 2019 semester. This research resulted in a very practical local instructional theory used to facilitate students in carrying out horizontal and vertical mathematization processes, so that students are able to construct their own concepts of two types of errors in hypothesis testing.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Generatif Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Peserta Didik Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Parwines Zutri , Gusteti Meria Ultra
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this research is to know the effect of learning model Generative on students mathe matical ability. This research was conducted at SD Islam At-Taubah East Jakarta. The research design used is treatment by level 2x2, with independent variable is the learning model that is Generative and conventional (expository), dependent variable is mathematical communication ability. Sampling technique used random sampling. The result of this research is first learning Generative effective to improve student communication ability so that this model can be used by elementary school teacher in building material. Second, the learning model influences students' mathematical communication skills
The analysis of cases of mechanical asphyxia at hanging in Precarpathian region during 2012-2016 years
Authors: Ivaskevych Igor
Published: December 2021

The analysis of cases of mechanical asphyxia at hanging in Precarpathian region during the last five years has been carried out. The distribution of hangings in the gender and age aspects has been highlighted. It has been established that the main risk factors for mechanical asphyxia due to hanging are male sex and age over 60 years.
An Exploration of Job Stress among Health Care Work Force
Authors: Ismael Dhuha Saad , Zada Rohat , M Prabhu
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study is unique and will be useful in elucidating the level and sources of job stress among nurses working in government and private sector health institutions in the Kurdistan Region. This research could be useful in developing future nursing and healthcare manpower planning policies. In this research work, the objective is to evaluate the job stress among hospital nurses in the Kurdistan region. The research part basically explains about work-related stress and how it is harmful to the health of the employees.
Methods: With the help of questionnaires, the authors collected primary data from the nurses working in 34 public and 56 private hospitals all over the Kurdistan region. To collect the data author used a simple random sampling method. The proposed study is descriptive in nature and authors collected data from 252 staff nurses working in the Kurdistan region. To do the analysis author used statistical tools like descriptive statistics, mean, cluster, chi-square, and correspondence analysis. To analyses, the data author used statistical software package SPSS 28.
Results: The results reveals that the ranking of four job stress domains like job factor, organizational factors, interpersonal relations factors and environmental factors. In that the interpersonal relations factors are ranked number one and the second rank is organizational factors third one is environmental factors and the last one is job factor. 
Conclusions: In Kurdistan region hospital staff nurses stressed due to routine shift and poor organizational structure are mostly influenced on organizational factors that are why it’s ranked number one among the four domains.
Health Literacy Promotion and Its Institutional Arrangements: Rethinking collaborative health promotion in Thailand
Authors: Buddharaksa Watcharabon , Davies Jonathan S. , Tejativaddhana Phudit
Published: December 2021

This research explores institutional arrangements that govern health literacy promotion policies in Thailand since 2014. This study sets the main questions as what are the main institutional arrangements that governed health literacy promotion policies in Thailand since 2014 and can these arrangements be viewed as collaborative health governance? This paper argues that the military coup in 2014 transformed institutional-governing arrangements on health system management and health promotion greatly as many legal-political institutions and various social-political agencies were involved and brought together to promote health and health literacy. A so-called principle of ‘collaborative governance’ has been employed and implemented to promote health in Thailand recently, however, this study argues that the institutional constraints under authoritarian regime offer a ‘fictitious-collaborative health governance’ instead. Furthermore, deliberative processes on health literacy promotion regulated by many legal - institutional constraints had characteristics of ‘pseudo-deliberation’. This work is qualitative research, and it analyzes and explains research results by looking through theoretical concepts of institutionalism and collaborative governance. This study argues that to reach the goal of health literate community and society, Thai health agencies and authorities should re-approach health and health literacy promotion from the bottom-up perspective. Also, overcoming fictitious collaborative health promotion and pseudo-deliberation are necessary. To do that, we need a long-term project of building up a ‘critical health regime’ based on critical education and anti-authoritarianism as major principles.
(*The paper was presented at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University’s College of Professional and Continuing Education (CPCE) Conference “Post-pandemic health and long-term care: A new paradigm”. September 2021)
From Procrastination to Reaction! What Leadership Is Required to SHAPE the Future of Healthcare?
Authors: Briggs David
Published: December 2021

It is a privilege to be asked to present this Oration. Like many similar events, it pays tribute to a well-respected, revered, and past leader in our profession, in education, economics and life in general. Someone, who most of us would not have known personally nor about his involvement in the health system, particularly, SHAPE.
In This Issue
Authors: Briggs David
Published: December 2021

This issue is the fourth and final issue of the Journal for 2021. It reflects a widespread interest in the Asia Pacific with 30 articles from 11 countries. These countries include Australia, India, Iran, Indonesia, the Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Bangladesh. Vietnam, Thailand, Turkey and Hong Kong, China. This represents a significant collaboration of healthcare managers, leaders, academics, students, and health professionals from diverse health systems. This is a credit to them all and our reviewers.
The topics addressed within the issue continue to be dominated by Covid_19 but are also more extensive than that topic. The topics include leadership, engagement, health literacy, employee performance, job satisfaction, mentoring, , artificial intelligence, big data to name many but not all. This is extensive collection of health management topics that should be of interest.
Another continuing feature of this issue is the interest in publishing articles from international conferences. There are articles from four recent conferences. These included the 2021 Shape Symposium conducted from Australia and online, “Shaping the future for health management education and research in a time of flux and uncertainty”, held online in July and available at http://shape.org.au/.   The Hong Kong Polytechnic University’s College of Professional and Continuing Education (CPCE) Conference “Post-pandemic health and long-term care: A new paradigm”. September 2021 with online and ‘in presence’ attendance.
Two conferences highlighted in this issue are recognised from India with some eight articles published from these conferences. The conferences were the AICTE sponsored International Conference on Circular Economy, Management and Industry Leading towards Sustainability, October 2021 and the 2nd Conference on Business Data Analytics, November 2021   We wish to specifically mention these conferences and recognise the conference organisers and our guest co -editors on this occasion, who assisted us with the 8 selected articles.
The guest co-editors are Mr. Anuj Kumar, Assistant Professor, Apeejay School of Management, Dwarka, Delhi, India https://www.apeejay.edu/asm/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=google+business+listing&utm_campaign=organic.  (Top PGDM Colleges Delhi NCR) and Dr. Nimit Gupta, Professor, School of Management, The NorthCap University, Gurugram, India https://www.ncuindia.edu/educate-india- society/.
Library Bulletin November 2021
Authors: Liu Yaping
Published: December 2021

Click to read it ACHSM Library Bulletin - November 2021
From Chaplaincy to Spiritual Care: Turning points for an emerging health profession
Authors: Holmes Cheryl
Published: December 2021

Objectives: National standards in Australia acknowledge the significance of spiritual care in the provision of holistic care, understanding that peoples’ beliefs and values impact their experience and health outcomes. While spiritual care has been provided in Australian hospitals for many decades little attention has been given to changes in the workforce and the implications for quality of care. This study aimed to further understanding of the key influences and mechanisms for change to ensure safe and high-quality spiritual care provision in Australia by a qualified and credentialed workforce.
Methods: This study used a qualitative case study design which included interviews and analysis of archived records. Narrative analysis produced an extensive organisational case study from which a timeline of key changes significant to the spiritual care workforce was constructed to inform this paper. 
Results: There have been movements towards a professional spiritual care workforce, but progress has been slow, and inconsistency persists across Australia. Five key influences were identified that provide a basis for future progress: the need for evidence, cooperation amongst stakeholders, investment by government and health service management, and leadership and advocacy from spiritual care peak bodies.
Conclusions: Attention to historical turning points enables understanding of the influences for change. These can become opportunities for health management to further progress towards a qualified and credentialed spiritual care workforce able to deliver safe and high-quality spiritual care.
The Effectiveness of Employee Performance Appraisal System in Health Sector: Evidence from Iranian organizations
Authors: Homauni Abbas , Mosadeghrad Ali Mohammad , Jaafaripooyan Ebrahim
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Performance appraisal is a formal process to review and improve the organizational performance of employees regularly. Despite the appropriate organizational frameworks for performance appraisal, they are not apparently addressing the operational realities of health care organizations. This study thus aimed to examine the effectiveness of the current performance appraisal system of employees at Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) from the perspective of employees.
Methods: The data were collected from 504 TUMS employees using researcher-developed questionnaire following the validation. It consisted of 46 questions covering such various dimensions as performance expectations, communication of performance objectives to employees, self-assessment, performance metrics, surveyors, and performance appraisal results. ANOVA, t-test, Post hoc and Tukey statistical tests were used during analysis process by SPSS 22.
Results: The performance appraisal system was not found as effective as expected from the employees’ perspective and the scores for all its dimensions dropped below the average. The overall performance appraisal score was 2.71 (out of 5). There was also a significant correlation between the employees’ education and organizational job group and the score of performance appraisal (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: The current appraisal system according to the results is not well functioning. Therefore, it seems necessary to make urgent changes. The lack of active participation from employees and managers in performance appraisal development process, and the subsequent low motivation to improve their performance seems to be a persistent challenge. A fairly desirable solution might be to decentralize the appraisal processes rendering more authority to managers and supervisors along with empowering managers.
Phenomenon of Causal Fraud Health Insurance in Hospitals: Theory of gear fraud
Authors: Haruddin Haruddin , Purwana Dedi , Anwar Choirul
Published: December 2021

Objective: To describe and explore the experiences of hospital employees with the causes of fraud in the health insurance program at the hospitals.
Design And Setting: This research was carried out at government hospitals in the Southeast Sulawesi Province in collaboration with BPJS Health, namely the Bahteramas Regional General Hospital and the Kendari City Regional General Hospital. Triangulation was carried out at BPJS Health, the Center for Health Insurance Financing at the Ministry of Health and the Center for Health Policy and Management at Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. This research was conducted for one year, namely January 2020 to February 2021qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection methods were carried out through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and document studies. The number of participants in this study was 44 people consisting of doctors in charge of services, nurses, midwives, and case-mix team including coders who met the inclusion criteria. Data analysis used the Moustakas method.
Result: The causes of health insurance fraud in hospitals financial motives (the desire to get money or material or economic or welfare benefits, get high service services and low employee salaries), behavioral motives (low integrity, lifestyle and employee habits of committing fraud0, and social motives (kinship, humanitarian factors, avoiding conflict, social position, and the existence of pressure), internal controls (a weak monitoring system, poorly enforced regulations, unclear regulations and limited hospitals providing services, no monitoring and evaluation, and there are no sanctions for fraud perpetrators), revenue targets (hospitals income and increasing the number of claims), leadership (leadership style or weak leadership in the hospitals and the absence of transparency), incentive systems (poor distribution of incentives and the absence of transparency of services from hospitals management), National Health Insurance (NHI) regulations (dynamic regulations and the availability of the National Guidelines for Medical Services has not been fulfilled and there is no standard for readmission and fragmentation), the NHI financing system (inconvenience of the financing system and the adequacy of the INA-CBGs tariff calculation), and the BPJS Health system (inconvenience of the BPJS Health system and the BPJS Health system which makes it difficult).
Conclusions: The causes of health insurance fraud in hospitals can be explained by the gear fraud theory that Internal factors are the main cause and external factors predispose to health insurance fraud in hospitals. These internal and external factors interact with each other like the working mechanism of a gear. Understanding the theory of gear fraud will help formulate fraud prevention efforts in health insurance programs in hospitals that are more comprehensive and focus on eliminating the causes of fraud.
Blockchain Integrated Healthcare Wireless Body Area Network for Security Enhancement
Authors: Panwar Vipin , Jain Dr. S. K.
Published: December 2021

A greater standard of network confidentiality and protection is generally accepted as a vital component of securing this data when employed by medical practitioners as well as during storage to guarantee that patient data are maintained safe from intruders. This paper develops block chain cryptography and bio-informatics verification architecture for WBANs implementations. As a result, there is a deep desire to solve security and privacy challenges with WBANs. WBANs confront a wide range of problems. Because of its versatility in a wide range of applications, WBAN is a favoured battleground for cybercriminals. This work also provides a blockchain integrity check and bio-informatics authentication framework for WBANs implementations. Hence there is an important interest to address security and privacy problems in WBANs.
Review on Transformer Fault Detection and Diagnosis Algorithms
Authors: Islam Mohammed Misbahul , Upadhyay Mrs. Madhu
Published: December 2021

The method of fault diagnosis based on dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is of great importance to detect possible failures in the transformer and to improve the safety of the electrical system. The DGA data of the transformer in the smart grid has the characteristics of a large amount, different types and a low density of values. Since the power transformer is an important type of power supply in the electrical network, this document provides a complete overview of the power transformer and describes how to diagnose faults. Furthermore, on-line monitoring, the method of fault diagnosis and condition-based maintenance strategy decision-making method as also have been described. The paper presents detailed literature on the recent advancements and methods being adopted by various authors on fault detection.
Pengembangan Website Berbasis Masalah Sebagai Media Pembelajaran untuk Mendukung Pembelajaran Online Pada Materi Laju Reaksi
Authors: Tambunan Crisye Efendi , Simanjuntak Noven Zakarias , Susanti Nora
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the feasibility aspect of a problem learning-based website as a learning medium to support online learning on the reaction rate material developed based on BSNP standards. This research consists of three stages, namely the stage of needs analysis based on interviews, observation through goole forms, analysis of learning media and literature study. The development stage begins with compiling a media design, developing, assessing the feasibility of website graphics with the BSNP instrument by one Computer Science lecturer who gets an average score of 3.77 which means very feasible, and assessing the reaction rate material integrated into the website by 3 people Physical Chemistry lecturers and 1 Chemistry teacher get an average content feasibility score of 3.44 which means very feasible, language feasibility of 3.63 means very feasible, and presentation feasibility of 3.66 means very feasible.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Pada Pokok Bahasan Kesetimbangan Kimia
Authors: Simatupang Lisnawaty , Santika Indah
Published: December 2021

Student worksheets are sheets that are used as guidelines in learning and contain tasks that must be done by students in certain studies. This study aims to see: (1) The design of student worksheets based on guided inquiry on the subject of chemical equilibrium; (2) analyzing the feasibility of student worksheets (LKS) based on guided inquiry learning models on chemical equilibrium material; (3) analyzing the response of student and teacher attractiveness to student-based student worksheets based on guided inquiry on the subject of chemical equilibrium. The research subjects were student worksheets based on guided inquiry. The object of research is the material of chemical equilibrium. The development of student worksheets refers to the research and development model of the Borg and Gall. This worksheet has been validated by validators / experts and has been through small group trials to obtain valid and interesting results. The results of this study indicate that: the results of validation by material experts get a percentage of 85% and the results of validation by media experts get a percentage of 88,57% with a very feasible category. Meanwhile, the results of the attractiveness based on the responses of the teacher and students got a percentage of 90% and 88.85% respectively, with the very interesting category.
Pengembangan Uji Instrumen Tiga Tingkat dengan CRI untuk Mendeteksi Miskonsepsi dalam Pembelajaran Reaksi Redoks
Authors: Hasniyah Fatayatul , Muchtar Zainuddin
Published: December 2021

Research has been carried out to develop a Three Tier Instrument Test with Certainty of Response Index (CRI) with the aims to find out (1) analysis of teaching learning chemistry, (2) the eligibility categories in terms of expert validation, (3) the percentage of misconceptions in each sub-concepts of redox reaction, and (4) the causes of students’ misconceptions about redox reaction material. The instrument is prepared with 10 items validated contains each sub concepts. Research results show that: (1) teaching learning chemistry using curriculum 2013, various student textbooks and methods so research develop many aspects of question instruments that needed in research by interviewing the teacher of each schools, (2) the test instrument has very decent criteria with the assessment of material, language, and construction aspect, (3) the lowest percentages of students’ misconception in redox reaction’s sub-concept is oxidizing and reducing agent in reaction (54.09%) and the highest percentages is in sub-concept of autoredox concept (69.98%) with all categories of misconceptions are enough, (4) the causes of students’ misconceptions in learning redox reaction found in the material, learning source, teachers aspect. It because students were taught by different teacher, different method, and different source in learning redox reaction.
Pengembangan Handout Titrasi Asam-Basa Berbasis Android Terintegrasi Model Discovery Learning dan Soal-soal HOTS
Authors: Kurniawan Catur , Jahro Iis Siti
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Hasil analisis mengenai kelebihan dan kekurangan Handout titrasi asam-basa di internet, (2) Tingkat kelayakan Handout Titrasi Asam-Basa Berbasis Android Terintegrasi Model Discovery Learning dan Soal-soal HOTS, (3) Respon Siswa dan respon guru terhadap Handout Titrasi Asam-Basa Berbasis Android Terintegrasi Model Discovery Learning dan Soal-soal HOTS yang dikembangkan. Jenis penelitiannya adalah (R&D) dengan menerapkan model pengembangan 4-D oleh Thiagarajan. Tahapan tersebut adalah define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Handout Titrasi Asam-Basa Berbasis Android Terintegrasi Model Discovery Learning dan Soal-soal HOTS yang telah dikembangkan divalidasi oleh 5 orang ahli dan diperoleh skor 94,72; 96.14; 99.10; 95,00 dan 98,11% masing-masing dikategorikan sangat layak. Respon siswa dan guru terhadap Handout Titrasi Asam-Basa Berbasis Android Terintegrasi Model Discovery Learning dan Soal-soal HOTS dikategorikan sangat baik dengan persentase 91,27 dan 100%. Itu menunjukkan bahwa Handout Titrasi Asam-Basa Berbasis Android Terintegrasi Model Discovery Learning dan Soal-soal HOTS layak diterapkan untuk proses belajar mengajar.
Climate-Related Risks Faced by Low- and Moderate-Income Communities and Communities of Color: Survey Results
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Mattiuzzi Elizabeth , Hodge Eileen ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
Published: December 2021

The impacts of climate change are creating new risks and exacerbating existing risks for individuals, communities, and the economy. Climate shocks and stresses disproportionately impact groups that have traditionally faced higher barriers to participating in the economy than the general population, including low-income communities, communities of color, and Tribal populations. Our team fielded a survey targeting professionals in the western United States from a broad range of sectors whose work on community development‒related issues impacts the personal and economic well-being of low-income communities and communities of color. Over 250 respondents shared their perceptions of how climate-related risks may be affecting the communities they serve and their organizations’ work.
Introducción al dossier: “A 20 años del 2001: memorias, representaciones, militancias y reverberancias”
Authors: Manduca Ramiro , De la Puente Maximiliano
Published: December 2021

Introducción al dossier: “A 20 años del 2001: memorias, representaciones, militancias y reverberancias”
The Influence of the Ruling Elite on Political Activity in the Conditions of Destructuring the Essence of the Philosophy of Law
Authors: KELMAN Mykhailo , KRISTINYAK Myroslava , ANDRUSIAK Iryna , PANCHENKO Sergii , Kelman Rostyslav
Published: December 2021

Different policy actors have different influences on the process. Most do not directly participate in political life: a particular layer of people called the political elite is more likely to get involved in it. From a philosophical point of view, the political elite is mainly defined as a minority of society, a somewhat independent, relatively privileged group (or a set of groups) that has the appropriate psychological, social and political qualities and is directly involved in the formation and implementation of political decisions related to the use of state power or influence on it. The main goal of the article is to characterise the negative influence of the ruling elite on the formation of political activity in the context of revealing its possibilities of destructuring the essence of the philosophy of law itself. The methodology was based on the main historical and theoretical research methods that made it possible to achieve the set goal. As a result of the study, the main elements of the negative influence of the ruling elite were characterised, its place in the philosophy of law was determined and which destructuring consequences it has.
Penerapan Reward dan Punishment Terhadap Pelaksanaan Shalat Subuh Pada Anak di Yayasan Panti Asuhan At-Tanwir Kabupaten Toli-toli
Authors: Ulfa Nurul Zainuddin , Adam  , Handayani Andi Muthia Sari
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini berkenan dengan penerapan reward dan punishment terhadap pelaksanaan shalat subuh pada anak di Yayasan Panti Asuhan At-Tanwir Kabupaten Tolitoli. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis menggunakan reduksi, penyajian data dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa (1). Penerapan reward di Panti Asuhan At-Tanwir diberikan kepada anak-anak yang melaksanakan shalat subuh. Adapun bentuk pemberian yang diberikan kepada anak-anak yang shalat subuh di Panti Asuhan ialah berupa materi yaitu: perlengkapan sehari-hari, sekolah, buku, pakaian, pembayaran SPP bagi yang SMA, sekolah hingga ke perguruan tinggi, serta pemberian pujian dan acungan jempol, (2). Penerapan Punishment di Panti Asuhan  diberikan kepada anak-anak yang tidak melaksanakan shalat subuh atau masbuq. Bentuk punishment yang diberikan kepada anak di  Panti Asuhan yaitu berupa teguran, pemberian tugas-tugas yaitu mengangkat sisa-sisa makanan selama 2 bulan berturut-turut dan pemberian pukulan, (3). Faktor yang sangat mendukung berjalannya reward dan punishment ini adalah pengelolah Panti Asuhan yang mempunyai komitmen yang kuat untuk menegakkan aturan mengenai masalah reward dan punishment yang di laksanakan.Dampak dari hasil penerapan reward dan punishment di Panti Asuhan At-Tanwir berdampak pada perubahan perilaku yang baik, perubahan perilaku anak terlihat  pada saat masuk waktu subuh anak-anak telah bangun dengan sendirinya dan bergegas untuk melaksanakan shalat subuh tepat waktu secara berjamaah.
Selling Elysium: the political economy of radical game distribution
Authors: Gekker Alex , Joseph Daniel
Published: December 2021

This paper explores Disco Elysium’s first major expansion, “Working Class Update” as emblematic of the potential fracture between the game’s themes and its politics of production and distribution. Our central claim is that in this update, the studio has reacted to the audience’s appreciation for the game’s labor themes within broader dissatisfaction with the industry’s otherwise exploitative practices, yet was constrained by the contemporary dynamics of said industry. First, we examine Disco Elysium’s radical political orientation and the platformized political economy of digital game distribution through ZA/UM’s origins within the Estonia-specific ICT scene. Second, we describe the current state of videogames distribution, in critical dialog with Dyer-Witheford and De Peuter’s concept of a “game of multitude.” We show the limits and contradictions of Disco Elysium to enact radical political stance in a grow-ingly consolidated and platform-dependent video games market. Finally, through a qualitative empirical analysis of the community’s responses to the Worker’s Class Update on Reddit and Steam, we examine the game’s fit into the above-mentioned framework through key themes of dissonant development, tactical games and software commons.
The Object Gives Rise to Thought: Hermeneutics of Objects in Disco Elysium
Authors: Kłosiński Michał
Published: December 2021

The article presents an analysis and interpretation of Disco Elysium, an award-winning videogame published by ZA/UM studio in 2019. The main problem explored in the research concerns the ontological basis upon which the game builds the complex personality of its protagonist and his relationship with the storyworld. The main theoretical works utilized in the analysis and interpretation are Object-Oriented Ontology by Graham Harman and Existence and Hermeneutics by Paul Ricoeur. My thesis is that Disco Elysium presents time, events and history as the effects of various tensions between the protagonist and the objects. In doing so, the game offers a non-anthropocentric perspective on human being and gives rise to questions about objects as a basis for rethinking the human condition. The article concludes with the formulation of a possible new hermeneutical approach founded on Object-Oriented Ontology.
Equitable global COVID-19 vaccine allocation and distribution: Obstacles, contrasting moral perspectives, ethical framework and current standpoints
Authors: Kalaitzidis Georgios
Published: December 2021

Accelerated COVID-19 vaccine development represents an important accomplishment and a milestone in the history of vaccine evolution. However, the vaccine’s scarcity made its equitable global allocation and distribution ambiguous. Despite the initial pledges from wealthy countries for fairness and inclusivity towards the poorer ones, the policies followed diverged significantly. Wealthy countries have vastly superior access to vaccines in a reality likened to an ethical disaster. This paper calls for the need for fair global vaccine allocation and distribution and examines the barriers that were met along the way, originating from different points, such as the nationalistic approach on the matter that most wealthy countries have adopted or the inability of poor countries to purchase or manufacture vaccines. Further, a suggestion regarding the ethical principles and values that ought to guide global vaccine allocation and distribution is provided with a higher priority given to helping the worst-off, saving the most lives, protecting people in high risk, such as frontline healthcare professionals, and minimising social gaps, along with an ethical theoretical background for each prioritisation. It is not too late for wealthy countries to realise that vaccine inequity prolongs pandemics, so that they change their policies in favour of the global common good that will not only provide immediate universal benefits but will also serve as a guide for future pandemic crises.
Epistemic and ethical responsibility during the pandemic
Authors: Klimková Andrea
Published: December 2021

Intellectual (specialised) knowledge is omnipresent in human lives and decisions. We are constantly trying to make good and correct decisions. However, responsible decision-making is characterised by rather difficult epistemic conditions. It applies all the more during the pandemic when decisions require not only specialised knowledge in a number of disciplines, scientific consensus, and participants from different fields, but also responsibility and respect for moral principles in order to ensure that the human rights of all groups are observed. Pandemic measures are created by politicians, healthcare policy-makers, and epidemiologists. However, what is the role of ethics as a moral philosophy and experts in ethics? Experts in ethics and philosophy are carefully scrutinising political decisions. Levy and Savulescu (2020) have claimed that Ethicists and philosophers are not epistemically arrogant if they question policy responses. They played an important role in the creation of a reliable consensus. This study analyses epistemic and moral responsibility, their similarities, analogies, and differences. Are they interconnected? What is their relationship and how can they be filled with actual content during the pandemic?
On the safety and danger of ‘viral’ information from the perspective of the epistemological subject
Authors: Gurský Peter
Published: December 2021

The present paper addresses the formal perspective of information with the focus on ‘untrue’ information presented as dangerous. Grounded in perspectivism, the epistemic subject is understood as decisive in informational transfer. In this context, ethics should focus on how the epistemic subject receives information. Regarding wide-spread information, the notions of danger and safety, the latter being a reaction to the former, essentially result from the fear mechanism of affective neural systems in higher mammals. The practice of attaining safety by eliminating danger is analyzed through the Nietzschean metaphor of the Apollonian and the Dionysian and the concept of ressentiment. Focusing on the individual, the paper presents a critique of systemized authoritative management of speech content, intensified by the emergence of social media. It is asserted that, by reacting to danger through the systematization of prevention and regulation of speech, it not only affirms fear but also decreases the faculties of an individual to deal with danger and fear itself. The paper argues that the only way to overcome danger and fear is through the individual’s exposure to it, which allows for the strengthening of one’s faculties, thus fulfilling one’s potential in freedom.
Healthy people and biochemical enhancement: A new paradigmatic approach to the enhancement of human beings?
Authors: Plašienková Zlatica , Farbák Martin
Published: December 2021

The authors analyse a new paradigmatic approach to the enhancement of human beings proposed in transhumanist visions. Transhumanist authors promote the biochemical enhancement of healthy people via the concepts of bio-happiness and bio-love (love drugs). The paper is based on an assessment of the value attributed to the lives of disabled people vis-à-vis those of healthy people. The value imbalance in the transhumanist conception is criticized on the grounds that it is an incorrect response to the posthuman urge to redefine human beings. The authors’ final standpoint is that the value of human beings should be derived primarily from our naturalness and that artificiality (which is indisputably a part of people) should be subordinate to this.
Alignment with EU Regulations in the Field of the Competition Policy and System of State Aid in Western Balkan Countries
Authors: Stojanović Boban , Kostić Zorana , Vučić Vladan
Published: December 2021

The underying idea behand the foundation of the European Union is a single, integrated and competitive market. The future of the entire Western Balkans region (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo*, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia) lies within the European Union. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the multiplicative effects of the alignment of European Union regulations with the competition policy in Western Balkan countries. In addition, the paper is designed to highlight the specific issues, challenges in this field, and provides an overview of empirical trends. A combination of qualitative and quantitative approach proposes methodological framework which recognizes different economic environments and regulatory frameworks. By comparing selected economic indicators related to competiton authorities (number of staff in the national authorities, annual budget of the national authorities, number of prohibited agreements, abuse of dominant position, notification of concentrations, opinions), the authors give a reliable basis for comparative progress analysis in this filed. Using multi-criteria optimization as a key method, as well as network and input-output display, the obtained results suggest country whose competition authority is efficient frontier. The significance of this research stems from the current debate whether the harmonized competition policy should speed up and facilitate the process of the accession of new member states to the European Union.
Structural Transformation of the Textile Industry: The Case of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Gligorijević Živorad , Ćorović Enes , Manasijević Aleksandar
Published: December 2021

In the last few decades, the textile industry has been marked by great changes in its production and trade structure. Based on that, a greater involvement of this industry in the flows of international trade was initiated, with the stable intensification of the export positions of new production leaders. At the same time, this has led to key changes in the regional allocation of exports and imports of textile products. On the other hand, the textile industry of the Republic of Serbia has a long tradition and has had an important place in the structure of manufacturing industry for a long time. After the Second World War, the textile industry was one of the most important instruments of demographic and social policy. During the construction of the market system, the textile industry of the Republic of Serbia was unjustifiably neglected. Despite that fact, in the modern conditions, the textile industry has very important place in the exports structure of the Republic of Serbia. This paper gives specific theoretical and empirical recommendations to Serbian policy creators, through a comparison of the results of structural transformation of the textile industry at the global level and the results of this process in the textile industry of the Republic of Serbia.