bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teacher perceptions of inclusive education training: Implementation of an inclusive elementary school mentoring program based on collaborative partnership
Authors: Rasmitadila  , Humaira Megan Asri , Prasetyo Teguh , Hasnin Hanrezi Dhania , Rachmadtullah Reza
Published: October 2023

This research explores teachers' perceptions of inclusive education training (a collaborative mentorship programme). The research involved 90 general teachers of inclusive elementary schools who had attended inclusive education training organized by the education office in collaboration with a university in Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. The data were collected through Google Forms and analyzed using thematic analysis. The results show three main themes: relevance, new knowledge and hope. The results of the training had a positive impact on teachers. Inclusive education training aims to improve the implementation of inclusive education in elementary schools and must be carried out continuously. The training has also increased teachers' competence and independence to develop instructional systems in inclusive classrooms. The mentoring program for inclusive elementary schools through training activities is a program that must be implemented continuously by all stakeholders including the government and universities in order to improve the quality of inclusive education in Indonesia.
GDF11 and aging biology - controversies resolved and pending
Authors: Driss Laura Ben , Lian John , Walker Ryan G. , Howard James A. , Thompson Thomas B. , Rubin Lee L. , Wagers Amy J. , Lee Richard T.
Published: October 2023

Since the exogenous administration of GDF11, a TGF-ß superfamily member, was reported to have beneficial effects in some models of human disease, there have been many research studies in GDF11 biology. However, many studies have now confirmed that exogenous administration of GDF11 can improve physiology in disease models, including cardiac fibrosis, experimental stroke, and disordered metabolism. GDF11 is similar to GDF8 (also called Myostatin), differing only by 11 amino acids in their mature signaling domains. These two proteins are now known to be biochemically different both in vitro and in vivo . GDF11 is much more potent than GDF8 and induces more strongly SMAD2 phosphorylation in the myocardium compared to GDF8. GDF8 and GDF11 prodomain are only 52% identical and are cleaved by different Tolloid proteases to liberate the mature signaling domain from inhibition of the prodomain. Here, we review the state of GDF11 biology, highlighting both resolved and remaining controversies.
Recent advances in the interface structure prediction for heteromaterial systems
Authors: Li Ji-Li , Li Ye-Fei
Published: October 2023

The atomic structures of solid-solid interfaces in materials are of fundamental importance for understanding the physical properties of interfacial materials, which is, however, difficult to determine both in experimental and theoretical approaches. New theoretical methodologies utilizing various global optimization algorithms and machine learning (ML) potentials have emerged in recent years, offering a promising approach to unraveling interfacial structures. In this review, we give a concise overview of state-of-the-art techniques employed in the studies of interfacial structures, e.g., ML-assisted phenomenological theory for the global search of interface structure (ML-interface). We also present a few applications of these methodologies.
Metal-organic frameworks as promising flame retardants for polymeric materials
Authors: Hou Boyou , Pan Ye-Tang , Song Pingan
Published: October 2023

This article presents a vision for advancing the development of next-generation flame-retardant materials through the utilization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The proposed vision is centered on four key areas: industrialization, multifunctionality, ligand synthesis, and derivatives. By optimizing production processes, customizing MOFs for specific properties and applications, and developing novel ligands and derivatives, the effectiveness and versatility of MOFs as flame-retardant materials can be significantly enhanced. This vision represents a promising direction for the field that has the potential to address critical safety concerns across various industries.
Aspects Regarding the Influence of Hot Deformation on the Mechanical and Structural Properties of 42CrMo4 Steel
Authors: Pop Mariana , Sas-Boca Ioana-Monica , Frunza Dan , Popa Florin , Neag Adriana
Published: October 2023

The aim of the paper is to analyze the experimental results of the influence of elevated temperatures and strain rate on the mechanical and structural properties of steel 42CrMo4. The experiments were based on uniaxial tension and compression tests at high temperatures between 700 °C and 1000 °C and strain rates range 0.0018 - 0.1 s-1. The influence of temperature and strain rate on yield stress, strain to fracture, hardness, structural changes, and fracture characteristics were analyzed. Due to the dynamic recrystallization phenomenon present during the hot tensile tests, an increase in the flow stress is observed at the beginning of the deformation, after which it decreases until the fracture. By increasing the deformation temperature from 700 °C to 1000 °C, the tensile stress decreases significantly for all strain rates. The increase in the strain rate leads to the increase in the tensile stress. In compression tests by increasing the strain rate, the true strain is slightly increasing, but this depends on the temperature. The non-uniformity of deformations obtained at different values of the strain rate and temperature were also analyzed. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy showed the ductile behavior of the material. The degree of damage of the material caused by the presence of cavities increases by increasing the deformation temperature. For all the presented deformation conditions, the presence of the fracture through the ductile fracture mechanism was produced by the localized of necking and the coalescence of microvoids. By increasing the deformation temperature and reducing the strain rate, the fracture behavior of 42CrMo4 steel can be improved.
Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude of Reproductive Age Women towards Cervical Cancer Prevention in Selected Tertiary Institutions in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Erinsakin Oluwabunmi B. , Omoge Adeyemi O. , Opeyemi Oladunni , Olumakinde Idowu A. , Folashayo Busayomi E. , Philip Michael N.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer among women worldwide between 14 and 49 years of age including Nigeria. Figures have greatly reduced in developed countries after the introduction and implementation of effective screening and vaccination programs which is greatly undeveloped and inefficient in Nigeria and other developing countries at large. OBJECTIVES: The study assessed the knowledge and attitude of reproductive age women towards cervical cancer prevention in selected tertiary institutions in Osun State. METHODOLOGY: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among reproductive age women in selected tertiary institutions in Osun State, Nigeria. A probability based multistage sampling technique was adopted as the sampling technique for the study. Data was collected using a semi-structured, self-administered and interviewer guided questionnaire. RESULTS: Age of respondents was 25.305±8.195. 313(79.0%) of the total respondents were Christians, and 83(21.0%) of the respondents were Muslims. For the overall knowledge score, only 52.0% of the respondents had good knowledge while 48.0% of the respondents had poor knowledge. 52.0% exhibited negative attitude towards cervical cancer prevention while 48% exhibited positive attitude towards cervical cancer prevention. Only 23% of the respondents had taken part in screening and vaccination towards cervical cancer prevention while 77% of the respondents had not. CONCLUSION: The knowledge of reproductive age women towards cervical cancer prevention was above average while their attitude towards cervical cancer prevention was low. This issue could be addressed by increasing the awareness of the effects of cervical cancer among reproductive age women in the country.
A Characterization of Lie Type Higher Derivations on von Neumann Algebras with Local Actions
Authors: Kawa Ab Hamid , Alsuraiheed Turki , Hasan S. N. , Ali Shakir , Wani Bilal Ahmad
Published: October 2023

Let $m$ and $n$ be the fixed positive integers. Suppose $\mathcal{A}$ is a von Neuman algebra with no central summands of type $I_{1}$ and $L_{m}$ be a Lie type higher derivation i.e., an additive (linear) map $L_{m} :\mathcal{A}\to \mathcal{A}$ such that
\begin{equation}\label{def2}
\[L_{m}(p_{n}(\mathfrak{S}_{1},\mathfrak{S}_{2},\cdots,\mathfrak{S}_{n}))=\sum_{l_1+l_2+\cdots+l_n=m}p_{n}\big(L_{l_1}(\mathfrak{S}_{1}),L_{l_2}(\mathfrak{S}_{2}),\cdots,L_{l_n}(\mathfrak{S}_{n})\big)\] %L_{m}(p_{n}(\mathfrak{S}_{1},\mathfrak{S}_{2},\cdots,\mathfrak{S}_{n}))=\sum_{l_1+l_2+\cdots+l_n=m}p_{n}\big(L_{l_1}(\mathfrak{S}_{1}),L_{l_2}(\mathfrak{S}_{2}),\cdots,L_{l_n}(\mathfrak{S}_{n})\big)\nonumber
\end{equation}
for all $\mathfrak{S}_{1},\mathfrak{S}_{2},\cdots,\mathfrak{S}_{n}\in \mathcal{A}$. In the present paper, we study Lie type higher derivations on von Neuman algebras and prove that every additive Lie type higher derivation on $\mathcal{A}$ has a standard form at zero product as well as at projection product. Further, we discuss some more related results.
Genetic Structure and Population History of the Zaisan Toad-Headed Agama (Phrynocephalus melanurus) Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA COI Segments
Authors: Ualiyeva Daniya , Liu Jinlong , Dujsebayeva Tatjana , Li Jun , Tian Lili , Cai Bo , Zeng Xiaomao , Guo Xianguang
Published: October 2023

The agamid lizard Phrynocephalus melanurus, is restricted to the Northwest China (Dzungar Basin) and adjacent Eastern Kazakhstan (Zaisan and Alakol basins). To elucidate the phylogeography of P. melanurus, we obtained the mitochondrial DNA COI segments of 175 sampled lizards from 44 localities across the whole distribution range. Phylogenetic analyses revealed two main clades comprising six geographically structured lineages (I, IIa, IIb, IIc1, IIc2, and IIc3) that fits an isola-tion by distance (IBD) model. The divergence from the most recent ancestor was dated to ~1.86 million years ago (Ma). Demographic analyses demonstrated lineage-specific response to past climate change: stable population for Clade I, IIb and IIc2; while past population expansion for IIc1 and IIc3 since 0.02 Ma and 0.18 Ma, respectively. Bayesian phylogeographic diffusion anal-yses detected initial spreading at the Saur Mount vicinity approximately 1.8 Ma. Historical species distribution modeling (SDM) projected expansion of the suitable habitat in the last interglacial period and stepwise contraction in the Last Glacial Maximum and Holocene epochs. The SDM predicts a shrinkage and shift of suitable area eastward as a response to future climate change. Our findings suggest that the evolution of P. melanurus followed a parapatric divergence with subsequent dispersal and adaptation to cold and dry environments during the Quaternary. Moreover, future conservation strategies need to be taken to maintain the population of lineage IIc1.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Environmental Applications of Novel Per-Fluorinated Organic Polymers with Azo- and Azomethine-Based Linkers via Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution
Authors: Altarawneh Suha S , El-Kaderi Hani M. M , Richard J. Alexander J , Alakayleh Osama M , Aljaafreh Ibtesam Y , Almatarneh Mansour H , Ababneh Taher S , Al-Momani Lo'ay A. , Aldalabeeh Rawan H
Published: October 2023

This study reports the synthesis and characterization of novel per-fluorinated organic polymers with azo- and azomethine-based linkers using nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The polymers reveal variations in the fluorine content via the incorporation of decafluorobiphenyl and hexafluorobenzene linkers, which enhanced their hydrophobic nature. The rich fluorine polymers were slightly soluble in THF and have shown molecular weights between 4886 to 11948 g/mol. All polymers exhibit thermal stability in the range of 350-500°C, with varying thermal stability depending on the fluorine and nitrogen content. Conjugation of the polymers was confirmed through changes in the UV-Vis spectra, with a hypsochromic shift observed in all cases, more pronounced in azo-based fluorinated chains due to H-bonding on the nitrogen sites, chain conformations, and planarity. The optical band gap (Eg) of the polymers was determined from the UV-Vis data, with the Eg values of the azo-based fluorinated polymers being 1 eV higher than those of their corresponding linkers. The cross-linking formation was characterized by porosity measurements, with the azo-based polymer exhibiting the highest surface area of 770 m²/g with a pore volume of 0.35 cm³/g, while the open-chain azomethine-based polymer exhibited the lowest surface area of 285 m²/g with a pore volume of 0.0872 cm³/g. Porous structures with varied hydrophobicities were investigated as adsorbents for separating water-benzene and water-phenol mixtures and selectively binding methane/carbon dioxide gases from the air. The most hydrophobic polymers containing the decafluorbiphenyl linker were suitable for benzene separation, while the best methane uptake values were 6.14 and 3.46 mg/g for DAB-Z-1O and DAB-A-1O, respectively. DAB-Z-1h, with the highest surface area and rich in nitrogen sites, exhibited the highest CO₂ uptake at 298 K (17.25).
The Pharmacological Mechanisms of Mori Folium and Eucommiae Cortex Extracts against Immunosuppression from Network Pharmacology Perspectives
Authors: Liu Jinde , Rong Qiao , Zhang Chunxiao , Tariq Ali , Li Lin , Wu Yongning , Sun Feifei
Published: October 2023

It’s been reported that Mori Folium (MF) and Eucommiae Cortex (EC) exhibit pharmacological effects on the treatment of immunosuppression. However, the mechanism of MF and EC against immunosuppression remains unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanism of action of MF and EC for the treatment of immunosuppression through network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations and animal experiments. As a result, 11 critical components, 9 hub targets, and related-signaling pathways of treatment of immunosuppression were obtained based on network pharmacology. The molecular docking suggested that 11 critical components exhibited great binding affinity to 9 hub targets of immunosuppression. The molecular dynamics simulations results showed that (-)-Tabernemontanine-AR, beta-sitosterol-AR and Dehydrodieugenol-HSP90AA1 complexes are stably bound. Additionally, in the animal experiments, the treated group results compared to the control group suggest that MF and EC have a significant effect on the treatment of immunosuppression. Therefore, the MF and EC treatment for immunosuppression may take effects in a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway manner. The results would provide novel insights into the treatment of immunosuppression in humans.
A Privacy and Energy-Aware Federated Framework for Human Activity Recognition
Authors: Khan Ahsan Raza , Manzoor Habib Ullah , Ayaz Fahad , Imran Muhammad Ali , Zoha Ahmed
Published: October 2023

Human activity recognition (HAR) using wearable sensors is gaining popularity in the healthcare domain, enabling continuous monitoring and timely interventions. The conventional HAR systems are centralised and need data sharing with a server for processing and model training. However, this data sharing leads to various challenges, such as privacy concerns, increased communication and storage costs, inefficient computational algorithms, data scarcity due to unwillingness to share, and difficulty achieving high accuracy and personalised models simultaneously. To overcome these challenges, this paper introduces a privacy and energy-aware federated learning (FL) framework for model training without data sharing. The proposed scheme incorporates spiking neural networks (SNNs), which are particularly suited for resource-constrained devices due to their event-driven information processing. The key idea is to synergise the strengths of SNNs and long short-term memory (LSTM) to create a hybrid model for robust HAR. The proposed hybrid spiking LSTM (S-LSTM) model uses the LSTM as an input layer to capture temporal dependencies efficiently, followed by spiking layers that replace the typical activation using leaky integrate-and-fire neurons. We employ the combination of surrogate gradient learning and backpropagation through time (BPTT) to update the weights of SNN layers in a supervised manner. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated using two publicly available datasets for both indoor and outdoor scenarios. The results show that the proposed S-LSTM performs much better than spike convolutional neural networks (S-CNN) and simple CNN, achieving the accuracy of 97% and 87% for indoor and outdoor datasets, respectively. Personalisation, also known as fine-tuning the global model using local data, is crucial in HAR. It allows the model to adapt to individual behaviour and preferences, making predictions more accurate. The results also show that personalisation improves the performance of participants up to 9% on average. Additionally, analysis with 50% random client participation reduces communication costs by 50% with minimal impact on accuracy.
A Tropical Fever - Mimicking a Surgical Emergency
Authors: Bhattacharjee Boudhayan , Patel Hardik Bharatbhai , Karad Rucha , Teja Vasireddy , Mondal Agnibho , Haldar Soumendra Nath , Saha Bibhuti
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Dengue is a mosquito transmitted arboviral infection. In dengue fever spontaneous bleeding in different parts of body occurs; but spontaneous bleeding into rectus muscle leading to haematoma formation is rare.
Case Presentation: A 72-year-old hypertensive female presented with high grade intermittent fever with chills and rigors for last four days. She was diagnosed to have dengue fever (NS1Ag -Reactive) on the day before admission. At admission, on examination she was found to be have dehydration. Immediately she was put on IV fluids, antiemetics and other supportive therapy. At admission she had low platelets, low haemoglobin, total leucocyte counts, with raised liver enzymes. On day 3 of illness, she had significant drop of haematocrit with low blood pressure and subsequently she managed with packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion. But on 9th day of illness, she has severe right iliac fossa pain mimicking acute appendicitis. CECT of abdomen showed soft tissue lesion in right lower abdomen (Inflammatory/ hematoma along rectus sheath) which was managed conservatively as per surgical opinion. 10 days past discharge she had no pain in right iliac fossa and size of hematoma was significantly reduced.
Discussion: In dengue fever, hematoma can be formed any vulnerable part in the but there are only a few cases reported to be having rectus sheath hematoma. Rectus sheath hematoma (RSH) has been mistaken for many acute abdominal diseases like- acute appendicitis. Our case mimicked acute appendicitis and managed conservatively with IV fluids, analgesics, Blood transfusion as it fits into RSH type II.
Conclusion: It is important to be vigilant in the patients who presents with abdominal pain in severe dengue cases. Prompt imaging in relevant areas could make the diagnosis and father treatment possible.
Technology Adopters versus Non-Technology Adopters on the Sustainability of Agricultural Cooperatives: The Case of the East Kutai Regency Scale
Authors: A. Erwin Kurniawan , Nurjanana Nurjanana , Imang Ndan , Busari Arfiah , Darma Dio Caisar
Published: October 2023

In the current situation, the world is busy with technological advances, including Indonesia. Since its arrival, many business fields have competed with each other to take part as technology users. One business sector that cannot be separated from technological support is cooperatives. On the other hand, some cooperatives in the developing phase experience technological lag. At the same time, East Kutai Regency, which is the agricultural center in East Kalimantan Province, tends to rely on the cooperative sector to encourage small and medium-scale economies. This research aims to investigate the causality between access to computers (AC), internet networks (IN), digital administration skills (DAS), and financial literacy (FL) on profits (PFT). The objectivity of the study compares agricultural cooperatives that adopt technology with adopt non-technology. Using panel data regression from eighteen sub-districts in East Kutai, it is proven that technology adopting agricultural cooperatives were more prominent than non-technology adopting agricultural cooperatives during 2017–2022. However, there is a harmony in the statistical findings from both observations, where access to computers and financial literacy both have a significant effect on profits. Other analysis results show that internet networks and digital administration skills have an insignificant impact on profits. The study's implications provide valuable output for the future sustainability of agricultural cooperatives. The success of agricultural cooperatives depends greatly on the effectiveness of the application of technology.
Lights and Shadows of Clinical Applications of Cardiac Scintigraphy with Bone Tracers in Suspected Amyloidosis
Authors: Saro Riccardo , Pavan Daniela , Porcari Aldostefano , Sinagra Gianfranco , Mojoli Marco
Published: October 2023

This review will deal with the most relevant unmet needs and clinical questions concerning scintigraphy with bone tracers in ATTR-CA, providing expert opinions on possible future developments in the clinical application of these radiotracers, in order to offer practical information for interpretation of nuclear images to physicians involved in the care of patients with this ATTR-CA.
Antibacterial Aerogels-Based Membranes by Customized Colloidal Functionalization of TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers Incorporating CuO
Authors: Usala Elena , Espinosa Eduardo , El Arfaoui Wasim , Morcillo-Martín Ramón , Ferrari Begoña , Gonzalez Zoilo
Published: October 2023

The involved components of formulated blending, CNF and CuO NPs, were individually obtained by using a biorefinery strategy for agricultural waste valorization together with an optimized chemical precipitation, assisted by ultrasounds. The optimization of synthesis parameters for CuO NPs have avoided the presence of undesirable species which usually requires of later thermal treatment with associated costs. The aerogels-based structure, obtained by conventional freeze-drying, acted as 3D support for CuO NPs providing a good dispersion within the cross-linked structure of the nanocellulose and facilitating direct contact of the antibacterial phase against undesirable microorganisms. All samples showed a positive response against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. An increase of the antibacterial response of the aerogels, measured by agar disk diffusion test, has been observed with the increase of CuO NPs incorporated, obtaining width of the antimicrobial “halo” (nwhalo) from 0 to 0.6 and 0.35 for S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. Furthermore, the aerogels have been able to deactivate S. aureus and E. coli in less than 5 hours when the antibacterial assays have been analyzed by broth dilution method. From CNF-50CuO samples, an overlap nanoparticles effect produced a decrease of the antimicrobial kinetic.
Individualization of Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after Coronary Stenting: A Comprehensive, Evidence-Based, Review
Authors: Carciotto Gabriele , Costa Francesco , Garcia-Ruiz Victoria , Galli Mattia , Soraci Emmanuele , Magliarditi Alberto , Teresi Lucio , Nasso Enrica , Carerj Scipione , Di Bella Gianluca , Micari Antonio , De Luca Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), comprising aspirin and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, is the cornerstone of post-percutaneous coronary intervention treatment to prevent stent thrombosis and reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The selection of an optimal DAPT regimen, considering the interplay of various antiplatelet agents, patient profiles, and procedural characteristics, remains an evolving challenge. Traditionally, a standard duration of 12 months has been recommended for DAPT in most patients. While contemporary guidelines provide general frameworks, DAPT modulation with longer or shorter treatment courses followed by aspirin or P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy are evolving towards an individualized strategy to optimize the balance between efficacy and safety. This review comprehensively examines the current landscape of DAPT strategies after coronary stenting, with a focus on emerging evidence for treatment individualization.
Optimizing Image Compression Ratio for Generating Highly Accurate Local Digital Terrain Models: Experimental Study for Martian Moons eXploration Mission
Authors: Shimizu Yuta , Miyamoto Hideaki , Kameda Shingo
Published: October 2023

Recent technological advances have significantly increased the data volume obtained from deep space exploration missions, making the downlink rate a primary limiting factor. Particularly, JAXA’s Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission encounters this problem when identifying safe and scientifically valuable landing sites on Phobos using high-resolution images. A strategic approach in which we effectively reduce image data volumes without compromising essential scientific information is thus required. In this work, we investigate the influence of image data compression, especially as it concerns the accuracy of generating the local Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) that will be used to determine MMX’s landing sites. We obtain simulated images of Phobos that are compressed using the CCSDS-120 with integer/float-point discrete wavelet transform (DWT), candidate algorithms for the MMX mission. Accordingly, we show that, if the compression ratio is 70% or lower, the effect of image compression remains constrained, and local DTMs can be generated within altitude errors of 40 cm on the surface of Phobos, which is ideal for selecting safe landing spots. We conclude that the compression ratio can be increased as high as 70%, and such compression enables us to facilitate critical phases in the MMX mission even with the limited downlink rate.
Haemosporidians in Birds of Urbanized and Natural Habitats in Slovakia
Authors: Minichová Lenka , Slobodník Vladimír , Slobodník Roman , Olekšák Milan , Hamšíková Zuzana , Skultety Ludovit , Špitalská Eva
Published: October 2023

Haemosporidians are a group of vector-borne parasites belonging to the order Haemosporida. They infect avian hosts and require blood-sucking insects (Diptera) for their transmission. The occur-rence and diversity of haemosporidian parasites are shaped primarily by the specificity of the parasite and the susceptibility of the host/vector. In this study, the presence and distribution of haemosporidians in blood samples from birds in urbanized and natural habitats were estimated using microscopic and molecular approaches. Birds in urbanized habitats were infected with four different species of Plasmodium: Plasmodium (Haemamoeba) relictum, P. (Novyella) vaughani, P. (H.) matutinum, P. (G.) circumflexum, two different species of Haemoproteus: Haemoproteus (Parahaemo-proteus) majoris, H. (P.) parabelopolskyi, and Leucocytozoon sp. The species H. (P.) balmorali, H. (P.) concavocentralis, H. (P.) minutus, and H. (P.) pallidus were additionally identified in birds in natural habitats. Typically, juvenile birds are essential markers of parasite species transmitted in the study area. The juveniles in the urbanized habitats carried the P. (H.) relictum, P. (N.) vaughani, P. (G.) circumflexum, H. (P.) parabelopolskyi, H. (P.) majoris, and Leucocytozoon species. The most abundant parasite was H. (P.) parabelopolskyi, which was found in both types of habitats. The prevalence of the Haemoproteus and Plasmodium species in birds in natural habitats (in totally 43.80%) was sig-nificantly higher than that in birds in urbanized habitats (in totally 21.94%) (p < 0.05), also in spring. There was no statistically significant difference between types of habitats for total infection rates with Leucocytozoon sp. (p > 0.05), neither overall nor in the spring.
Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound as a Natural Product for Cancer Treatment – An Evidence-based Assessment of the Effects and Mechanisms
Authors: Ooi Soo Liang , Micalos Peter S. , Kim Jeanman , Pak Sok Cheon
Published: October 2023

Natural products, especially biologically active compounds derived from plants, have been and continue to be invaluable in anticancer research and therapeutic discoveries. Rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) is a heteropolysaccharide extract of defatted rice bran obtained through enzymatic treatment with Lentinus Edodes mycelium. RBAC exhibited antitumour properties by arresting in vivo tumour growth in several murine models. In vitro experiments showed RBAC to promote apoptosis in cancer cells by increasing the susceptibility of CD95 (Fas/APO-1) ligands and downregulating Bcl-2 proteins to trigger the permeabilisation of the mitochondrial membrane. RBAC may restore immune dysfunction in cancer patients, most notably by upregulating natural killer cell activity and modulating cytokine production to enhance inflammatory and cytotoxic responses. As such, RBAC acts on the immune system to enhance chemopreventative activity and block tumourigenesis. In treatment, RBAC works synergistically with other natural products and chemotherapeutic agents, such as daunorubicin and paclitaxel, by enhancing drug transport to increase DNA damage in tumours and reduce proliferation. In a clinical trial, combining RBAC with chemoembolization in treating liver cancer showed improved response, reduced recurrence, and prolonged survival time. RBAC has been shown to augment the endogenous antioxidant system to prevent oxidative stress and thus protect against the harmful side effects of radiation therapy. RBAC also has chemoprotective effects, with animal and human studies showing reduced toxicity and side effects from chemotherapy, leading to improved health-related quality of life. Meta-analysing the best available evidence indicates that RBAC treatment increases the odds of survival among cancer patients by 4.02 times (95% CI: 1.67, 9.69) in the first year and 2.89 (95% CI: 1.56, 5.35) times in the second year after commencing treatment, compared to those not treated with RBAC. Notwithstanding, additional research is needed to characterise, quantify, and standardise the active ingredients in RBAC responsible for the anticancer effects. More well-designed, large-scale clinical trials are required to further substantiate the treatment efficacies.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Associated Coagulopathy
Authors: Frantzeskaki Frantzeska , Konstantonis Dimitrios , Rizos Michail , Kitsinelis Vasileios , Skyllas George , Renieris Ioannis , Doumani Maria , Kolias Vasileios , Kefalidi Eirini , Angouras Dimitrios C. , Tsantes Argyrios E. , Tsangaris Iraklis
Published: October 2023

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used for the management of severe respiratory and cardiac failure, as well as bridge to definite treatment or transplantation. ECMO associated coagulopathy (EAC) is a frequent complication leading to high rates of thrombosis or severe haemorrhage, contributing to morbidity and mortality of patients. Understanding the pathophysiology of EAC is substantial for effectively managing patients on ECMO. We analyse the underlying mechanism of EAC and discuss the monitoring of coagulation profile, combining the viscoelastic point of care assays with the conventional coagulation laboratory tests.
The Genome Assembly and Annotation of the Brown-Spotted Pit Viper Protobothrops mucrosquamatus
Authors: Niu Xiaotong , Lu Haorong , Shi Minhui , Wang Shiqing , Zhou Yajie , Liu Huan
Published: October 2023

Brown-Spotted Pit viper (Protobothrops mucrosquamatus), also known as the Chinese habu, is a widespread and highly venomous snake distributed from from northeastern India to eastern China. Genomics research can help provide much insight in understanding venom components and natural selection in vipers. Here, we collected, sequenced and assembled the genome of a male P. mucrosquamatus individual from China, producing a highly continuous reference genome, with the length of 1.53 Gb and 41.18% repeat element content. From this 24,799 genes were identified, and 97.97% genes could be annotated. Nuclear genome single-copy genes phylogenetic tree including 6 species verified the validity of our genome assembly and annotation process. This research will contribute to further study on Protobothrops biology and the genetic basis of the snake venom.
Comparison of Self-Perceived Oral and Facial Esthetics in Patients after Lip Repositioning Surgery with Modified and Conventional Technique
Authors: AlJasser Reham
Published: October 2023

Patients with excessive gingival display (EGD) are treated with lip repositioning surgeries (LRS). This study used a questionnaire to analyze and evaluate how patients who received LRS with modified and traditional techniques perceived their own oral and facial aesthetics at various timelines after their surgeries. An orofacial esthetic questionnaire (OEQ) was used in this cross-sectional study. The participants were patients who underwent LRS for treatment of their EGD were divided into control (n=100) and test (n=100) groups. For control group, LRS were performed using traditional/conventional technique and for test group, LRS were performed by modified approach. OEQ was used to record responses. The scale comprised of eight questions targeted to capture participating patient’s perceptions about their own oral and facial aesthetics at four timelines (Baseline; 1 Month; 6 Months & 1 Year). Patients responded to each question on a 10 point Likert scale (Range: 0=very dissatisfied to 10= very satisfied). Data was analyzed by independent samples T-tests, using SPSS software. 7 (3.5%) out of the total (200) patients were unable to take part in the study's OEQ. At a one-year follow-up, the mean and standard deviation for the test group's GD were 2.48+0.86mm and 3.77+1.76mm, respectively, and comparisons revealed that the test group's GD was significantly lower (p=0.000) than the control group. Results from the participant responses to OEQ using the Likert scale at the 1-year follow-up revealed significant differences between control and test groups for all questions, except Q5 (P=0.06) as shape of the teeth will not be affected by LRS. Test group patients who underwent the LRS with modified approach were having high level of satisfaction (satisfaction-score>9). Patients in control group scored their satisfaction less favorably, with certain questions (Q3) receiving scores as low as 0.31. The test group's perception of oral and facial esthetics, was significantly higher for test group at different time points. At the 1-year follow-up, the mean difference was 4.46, which was the greatest (P=0.000). The EGD improved significantly at one year with the modified lip repositioning technique. The satisfaction level of the patients with outcomes of modified lip repositioning was significantly higher as compared to conventional technique.
A Time Course Study of Lipid Mediators after Consumption of SPM-Enriched Marine Oil in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Irún Pilar , Carrera-Lasfuentes Patricia , Sánchez-Luengo Marta , Belio Úrsula , Domper-Arnal María José , Higuera Gustavo A. , Hawkins Malena , De la Rosa Xavier , Lanas Angel
Published: October 2023

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) play a pivotal role in health, wellbeing, and inflammatory diseases in humans. Lack of omega-3 consumption is associated with diseases. Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPM) are produced from Omega-3-PUFAs and accelerate resolution of inflammation. They are classified as resolvins, maresins, protectins, and lipoxins. SPMs actions in resolution consist in limiting neutrophilic infiltration, promote the clearance of apoptotic cell and cellular debris, enhancing efferocytosis and phagocytosis, counter regulate the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as chemokines and cytokines, and promote pro-resolving macrophage phenotype. We identified temporal plasma and serum increases of SPMs after 6 g of oral supplementation of SPM-enriched emulsion in ten healthy subjects. We also described temporal increases of omega-3, as well as pharmacokinetics fundamentals in plasma and serum using LC-MS/MS lipid profiling. These results provide evidence of temporal increases of SPMs that together support the idea that given oral supplementation is a good source of essential bioactive SPMs.
Growth Light Quality Influences the Temperature of the Leaf Surface via Regulation of the Rate of NPQ Thermal Dissipation and Stomatal Conductance
Authors: Trojak Magdalena , Skowron Ernest
Published: October 2023

Lots of efforts are made to optimize spectrum quality used for indoor farming to maximize artificial light utilization and reduce water loss. For such an improvement, green (G) light supplementation to a red-blue (RB) background was successfully employed in our previous studies to restrict both non-photochemical thermal dissipation (NPQ) and stomatal conductance (gs). At the same time, however, the downregulation of NPQ and gs influences the leaf temperature (Tleaf) in opposite ways. Thus, to elucidate which factor plays a more prominent role in Tleaf regulation and whether such response is temporal or permanent we investigated the correlation between NPQ or gs and the subsequent Tleaf. To this end, we analysed tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Malinowy Ozarowski) grown solely under monochromatic LED lamps (435, 520, or 662 nm; 80 µmol m–2 s–1) or under mixed RGB spectrum (1:1:1; 180 µmol m–2 s–1), and simultaneously measured the gs and Tleaf with an infrared gas analyser and thermocouple or employed infrared thermal camera (FLIR) during thermal imaging analyses. Results documented that growth light quality significantly modified the Tleaf, and such response is not temporal. Furthermore, we found that plants' actual adaxial leaf surface temperature is more closely related to NPQ amplitude, while the temperature of the abaxial surface corresponds to gs.
Psychological Effect on children at Secondary Level after Flood Disaster District RajanPur
Authors: Shoqat Inza , Zafar Jawaria , Kanwal Tasleem , Kausar Farzna
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychological effects of flooding on secondary school children in the Rajanpur, Jampur, Taunsa, Dera Ghazi Khan, and Fazalpur districts. A total of 150 students from public schools in flood-affected areas participated in the study, which used a non-probability convenience sampling approach and a self-administered questionnaire to collect data. The collected information was then analyzed using descriptive statistics, such as percentage and mean scores, with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The study found that the majority of students experienced negative psychological impacts from the flooding, including impacts on their emotional, mental, and academic development. Although both male and female students were affected, females experienced higher levels of psychological effects. This study highlights the importance of reducing flood risk before disasters occur, which can greatly reduce the devastating effects of floods. To effectively manage risks, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of the causes and risks associated with flooding.
Teaching Competencies and Classroom Performance of University Teachers: Soft Skills as a Mediator
Authors: Saleem Amna , Akhtar Dr. Zarina
Published: October 2023

Soft skills are personal qualities that enable teachers to better engage with students. The purpose of the current study was to examine the role of soft skills as a mediator in the relationship between teaching competencies and classroom performance among university teachers. This study was quantitative and followed the positivist research paradigm. The researchers selected the study sample using multistage sampling. Two questionnaires and an observation sheet were used in this study. Researchers collected data from 132 public-sector university teachers in southern Punjab. SPSS and PROCESS macro were used to analyze the data. The data was analyzed using mediation analysis. The major conclusion of this study was that all the variables (teaching competencies, soft skills, and classroom performance) had a significant relationship, and soft skills also mediated between teaching competencies and classroom performance of university teachers. The major recommendation of the study is that future researchers include variables that may influence the performance of teachers in the classroom, such as job satisfaction, work discipline, motivation, and so forth, and also change the indicators for teaching competencies and soft skills.
Blended Learning's Effects on Teenagers' Secondary-Level Academic Performance in the matter of Chemistry
Authors: Munawar Dr. Uzma , Khan Dr Abdul Rehman , Suleman Dr Qaiser , Ali Mehwish Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Different technological approaches are widely used in this technologically advanced era to ensure interactive engagement and communication during the instructional process in order to deliver and understand the content materials effectively and to make the teaching-learning process more effective, successful, and productive. Therefore, the aim/goal of this paper was to investigate how the hybrid learning model affected adolescents' academic performance in secondary-level chemistry. Due to cultural barriers, the study was restricted to only male adolescents. Therefore, only 50 Grade 10 students from Government Boys High School Khurram (Karak) were chosen at random for this study. Data collection utilized an equivalent group’s pretest-posttest design. In this experimental study, the blended learning face-to-face driver model was employed. The control group received traditional instruction, while the experimental group underwent a blended learning approach using a face-to-face driver model. The experiment was finished in two months. A post-test was then scheduled to evaluate the academic progress of both groups. The data was examined using the independent samples t-test, the standard deviation and mean, the. The outcomes showed that the blending learning model has a favorable impact on students' academic success in chemistry. Additionally, it significantly improves each rank of the cognitive realm of Bloom's Taxonomy for chemistry. As a result, it is advised that science teachers use a blended learning approach rather than the conventional one to raise students' academic achievement.
Avaliação da homogeneidade de pilares de concreto armado através da tomografia ultrassônica
Authors:   Laboratório de Ensaios e Modelos Estruturais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil., Reginato L. A. , Lorenzi A. ,   Laboratório de Ensaios e Modelos Estruturais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil., Lorenzi L. S. ,   Laboratório de Ensaios e Modelos Estruturais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil: Construção e Infraestrutura, Porto Alegre, Brasil., Forsthofer R. ,   Laboratório de Ensaios e Modelos Estruturais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil., Oliveira L. C. ,   Laboratório de Ensaios e Modelos Estruturais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil., Ottoni T. P. ,   Laboratório de Ensaios e Modelos Estruturais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil., Tirado L. H. B. ,   Laboratório de Ensaios e Modelos Estruturais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
Published: October 2023

A avaliação da homogeneidade de diferentes tipos de estruturas através da tomografia ultrassônica tem sido foco de pesquisadores no Brasil. Por conta disso, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a homogeneidade da estrutura de pilares de concreto armado utilizando o equipamento da marca PROCEQ®, modelo PUNDIT PL-200PE. O ensaio de tomografia ultrassônica foi realizado em uma das faces de pilares com diferentes características, utilizando um grid de 15 cm (horizontal) x 10 cm (vertical). As leituras foram realizadas no pilar a partir do fundo da laje. Após a análise dos resultados, foi possível identificar regiões com prováveis defeitos ou com possíveis falhas em mais de 70% das amostras avaliadas.
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and respiratory disease disability claims in Mexico City Metropolitan Area
Authors: Barros-Sierra David , Zepeda-Tello Rodrigo , Tamayo-Ortiz Marcela , Gutiérrez-Díaz Hector Osiris , Pérez-Chávez Valeria Aurora , Rosa-Parra José Antonio , Nieto-Barajas Luis Enrique , Méndez-Aranda Mauricio , Herrera-Montalvo Luis Alonso , Hernández-Ávila Mauricio
Published: October 2023

Objective. To characterize the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in workers from an essential large-scale company in the Greater Mexico City Metropolitan Area using point prevalence of acute infection, point prevalence of past infection through serum antibodies and respiratory disease short-term disability claims (RD-STDC). Materials and methods. Four randomized surveys, three during 2020 before and one after (December 2021) vaccines’ availability. Outcomes: point prevalence of acute infection through saliva PCR (polymerase chain reaction) testing, point prevalence of past infection through serum antibodies against Covid-19, RD-STDC and prevalence of symptoms during the previous six months. Results. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 cases was 1.29-4.88%, on average, a quarter of participants pre-vaccination were seropositive; over half of participants with a RD-STDC had antibodies. The odds of having antibodies were 6-7 times more among workers with an RD-STDC. Conclusions. High antibody levels against Covid-19 in this study population reflects that coverage is high among workers in this industry. STDCs are a useful tool to track workplace epidemics.
Eventos de vida estresantes y su efecto en la conducta suicida en mujeres durante la pandemia por Covid-19 en México
Authors: Rivera-Rivera Leonor , Palacios-Hernández Bruma , Austria-Corrales Fernando , Séris-Martínez Marina , Pérez-Amezcua Berenice , Jiménez-Tapia Alberto , Reynales-Shigematsu Luz Myriam , Toledano-Toledano Filiberto , Gómez-García José Alberto , Astudillo-García Claudia I
Published: October 2023

Objetivo. Analizar la estructura factorial, la validez convergente y divergente de la Escala Columbia de Severidad Suicida (CSSRS) y el Cuestionario de Eventos de Vida Estresantes (EVE) y medir la asociación entre EVE y conducta suicida (CS) en mujeres mexicanas durante la pandemia por Covid-19. Material y métodos. Se usaron datos de 2 398 mujeres que participaron en un estudio multicéntrico, realizado en México entre mayo y octubre de 2021. La información se recolectó mediante un cuestionario en línea que incluyó la CSSRS y el EVE. Se hizo un análisis factorial confirmatorio para valorar el ajuste de los modelos. Resultados. El modelo final mostró asociación entre los EVE y la CS, y tuvo a la violencia como variable central. Dicho modelo presentó un ajuste adecuado (CFI = 0.950, IFI = 0.950, MFI = 0.975, RMSEA = 0.031, CI RMSEA = 0.026-0.036). Conclusiones. La pandemia por Covid-19 evidenció la necesidad de crear e implementar estrategias que promuevan el cuidado de la salud mental, reduzcan la exposición a la violencia y faciliten los procesos de duelo para prevenir la CS en mujeres mexicanas.