bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis prevention using topical epinephrine: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Iqbal Umair , Siddique Osama , Khara Harshit S. , Khan Muhammad Ali , Haq Khwaja Fahad , Siddiqui Mohammad Arsalan , Solanki Shantanu , Zuchelli Tobias E. , Shellenberger Matthew Joshua , Birk John W.
Published: July 2020

Background and study aims Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) is a common complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Multiple drugs and techniques have been studied for the prevention of PEP. Topical epinephrine has shown mixed results and is still not widely accepted as an alternative for prevention of PEP. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of topical epinephrine in preventing PEP.

Methods A comprehensive literature review was conducted by searching Cochrane library database, Embase and PubMed up to August 2019, to identify all studies that evaluated use of topical epinephrine alone or in conjunction with other agents for prevention of PEP. Outcomes included prevention of PEP with use of topical epinephrine and evaluation of whether addiing epinephrine provides any additional benefit in preventing PEP. All analysis was conducted using Revman 5.3.

Results Eight studies, including six randomized controlled trials and two observational studies with 4123 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, there was no difference in incidence of PEP in patients who underwent ERCP and were treated with epinephrine spray versus those who were not, RR = 0.63 (CI 0.32–1.24) with heterogeneity (I2 = 72 %). However, on a subgroup analysis, topical epinephrine significantly decreases the risk of PEP when compared to placebo alone (means no intervention was done including no rectal indomethacin)., RR = 0.32 (0.18–0.57). In another subgroup analysis, there was no statistically significant difference in using topical epinephrine along with rectal indomethacin in preventing PEP compared to rectal indomethacin alone RR = 0.87 (0.46–1.64).

Conclusion Topical epinephrine does not provide any additional benefit in preventing PEP when used in conjunction with rectal indomethacin. In subgroup analysis, topical epinephrine appeared to decrease risk of PEP in the absence of rectal indomethacin, and could be considered when rectal indomethacin is unavailable or if there is a contraindication to its use.
Pancreatitis kills cysts: A phenomenon that illustrates the potential role of immune activation in premalignant cyst ablation
Authors: Walsh Leonard T. , Moyer Matthew T.
Published: July 2020

Background and study aims Pancreatic cystic lesions are being increasingly recognized on cross-sectional imaging and mucinous premalignant cysts represent one of the most prevalent types. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided chemoablation offers a safe and minimally invasive ablation approach yet with limited efficacy. Patients who develop acute pancreatitis as a complication of chemoablation with alcohol however experience ablation rates up to 100 %. This evidence suggests that recruitment of the body’s immune system may represent an avenue to significantly increase the efficacy of EUS-guided chemoablation. Here we illustrate this immune-mediated tumor killing phenomenon through a case presentation at our institution.
Role of the KCNJ Gene Variants in the Clinical Outcome of Type 1
Diabetes
Authors: Blasetti Annalisa , Castorani Valeria , Comegna Laura , Franchini Simone , Prezioso Giovanni , Provenzano Martina , Di Giulio Concetta , Iannucci Daniela , Matonti Lorena , Tumini Stefano , Chiarelli Francesco , Stuppia Liborio
Published: July 2020

Diabetes is considered as a disease with a wide and continuous clinical
spectrum, ranging from Type 1 (T1D) and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) with complex
multifactorial causes. In the last years, particular attention has been
focused on the predictive value and therapeutic potential of single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNPs can alter the seed-sequence in
miRNA’s loci and miRNA target sites causing changes in the structure
and influencing the binding function. Only few studies have investigated the
clinical influence of SNPs, in particular potassium inwardly rectifying
channel, subfamily J, member 11 (KCNJ) gene variants in T1D population. The
aim of the study is to investigate the occurrence and the possible metabolic
significance of KCNJ polymorphism in a group of pediatric patients with T1D.
The study was performed in a cohort of 90 Caucasian children and adolescents
with T1D and 93 healthy subjects. Rs5210 polymorphism has been analyzed with
a prevalence of the GG genotype in the patient group suggesting its
association with T1D. Therefore, a relationship was found between GG
genotype and body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis and insulin requirement (IR)
after 6 months. The study suggested an action for rs5210 in determining the
metabolic features of T1D pediatric patients, by showing some clues of
insulin resistance in patients carrying that polymorphism.
Rydberg tagging detection system expands capabilities of studying low-temperature collisions
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: July 2020

Increasing the microchannel plate detectors from one to 15 allows researchers to alleviate potential issues with time-dependent drift during experiments.
Photonic tensor cores for machine learning
Authors: Miscuglio Mario , Sorger Volker J.
Published: July 2020

With an ongoing trend in computing hardware toward increased heterogeneity, domain-specific coprocessors are emerging as alternatives to centralized paradigms. The tensor core unit has been shown to outperform graphic processing units by almost 3 orders of magnitude, enabled by a stronger signal and greater energy efficiency. In this context, photons bear several synergistic physical properties while phase-change materials allow for local nonvolatile mnemonic functionality in these emerging distributed non-von Neumann architectures. While several photonic neural network designs have been explored, a photonic tensor core to perform tensor operations is yet to be implemented. In this manuscript, we introduce an integrated photonics-based tensor core unit by strategically utilizing (i) photonic parallelism via wavelength division multiplexing, (ii) high 2 peta-operations-per-second throughputs enabled by tens of picosecond-short delays from optoelectronics and compact photonic integrated circuitry, and (iii) near-zero static power-consuming novel photonic multi-state memories based on phase-change materials featuring vanishing losses in the amorphous state. Combining these physical synergies of material, function, and system, we show, supported by numerical simulations, that the performance of this 4-bit photonic tensor core unit can be 1 order of magnitude higher for electrical data. The full potential of this photonic tensor processor is delivered for optical data being processed, where we find a 2–3 orders higher performance (operations per joule), as compared to an electrical tensor core unit, while featuring similar chip areas. This work shows that photonic specialized processors have the potential to augment electronic systems and may perform exceptionally well in network-edge devices in the looming 5G networks and beyond.
Compressive mechanical behavior and constitutive model of polyvinyl chloride elastomer under dynamic loading
Authors: Lei Jingfa , Xu Meng , Liu Tao , Xuan Yan , Sun Hong , Wei Zhan
Published: July 2020

The mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) elastomers under dynamic loading restrict the service life of PVC products, affecting the product life cycle cost. In order to elucidate the dynamic mechanical properties of PVC elastomers, quasi-static compression tests are conducted at three different strain rates (0.001 s−1, 0.01 s−1, and 0.1 s−1), along with compression relaxation tests at a strain of 0.35. Dynamic compression experiments are also conducted using a split Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device at three different strain rates (1510 s−1, 2260 s−1, and 3000 s−1). Then, a visco-hyperelastic constitutive model consisting of a Yeoh hyperelastic model and rate-dependent viscoelastic model is built based on the experimental data. The order of the relaxation function for the viscoelastic part is determined from the experimental relaxation data, while the model parameters are determined from the experimental quasi-static and dynamic compression data. The results revealed that the PVC elastomer is sensitive to the strain rate, showing obvious visco-hyperelastic behavior. The proposed model accurately describes the mechanical behavior of the PVC elastomer under dynamic loading. This model is expected to provide basic information to support the development and application of PVC elastomer materials.
Numerical investigation on beam–wave interaction of W-band extended interaction oscillator
Authors: Cui Jian , Li Aidi , Bian Shurong
Published: July 2020

Based on the basic principle of energy conservation and electron disk beam–wave interaction equation, combined with the characteristic impedance and quality factor of the oscillator, a self-consistent nonlinear theoretical model of extended interaction oscillators (EIOs) is obtained. Taking the W-band EIO as an example, the effects of operating parameters and structural parameters on the oscillation, output power, and electron conversion efficiency of the extended interaction oscillator are analyzed. The numerical implementation of this model shows that the electron beam–wave synchronization interaction is a basic prerequisite for the oscillator to start, the positive feedback to energy in the resonator is a necessary condition for spontaneous oscillations, the distribution of electric field amplitude on each gap directly affects the beam–wave interaction efficiency and output power, and the electron trajectories in all gaps at steady state illustrate the conversion efficiency. At an operating voltage of 18 kV and a direct current of 0.5 A, a seven-gap EIO model with an output power of 2629 W and electron efficiency over 29% is predicted for gradually increased electric field amplitude distribution on each cavity.
Different carbon sources and their concentrations change alkaloid production and gene expression in Catharanthus roseus shoots in vitro
Authors: Khataee Elham , Karimi Farah , Razavi Khadijeh
Published: July 2020

To compare the effects of different carbon sources on physiological aspects, especially medicinal alkaloid biosynthesis and related gene expression in Catharantus roseus (L.) G.Don, we employed sucrose and sorbitol with two concentrations (87.64 mM, the equimolar concentration of sucrose in MS basal medium, and 150 mM) on the plant’s shoots in vitro in presence of 100 μM methyl jasmonate. The production of plant alkaloids including vincristine, vinblastine, ajmalicine, vindoline and catharantine and their biosynthetic and regulatory gene expression was measured. Both treatments had incremental effects on alkaloid production, upregulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase3 (MAPK3) and a downstream responsive transcription factor, ORCA3, which resulted in elevated transcript contents of the important genes in terpenoid indol alkaloids biosynthetic pathway including peroxidase1 (PRX1), geissoschizine synthase (GS), strictosidine synthase (STR) and deacetylvindoline acetyltransferase (DAT). Defensive responses such as antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) activities and non-enzymatic metabolites (total phenolics, flavonoids and carotenoids) contents increased under both treatments but the effects of sorbitol were stronger. Reduced fresh weight and chlorophylls contents, increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and carotenoid contents were shown after a week under all employed treatments. It seems that replacement of sucrose with sorbitol and also, increased concentrations of both carbon sources via increasing osmotic pressure make stressful conditions for the plant especially in longer times.
Endogenous accumulation of glycine betaine confers improved low temperature resistance on transplastomic potato plants
Authors: Song Qiping , You Lili , Liu Yang , Zhang Jiang , Yang Xinghong
Published: July 2020

Glycine betaine (GB) plays a crucial role in plant response to abiotic stress, and its accumulation in chloroplasts is more effective than in the cytosol in improving the resistance of transgenic plants. Here, we report that the codA gene from Arthrobacter globiformis, which encodes a choline oxidase catalysing the conversion of choline to GB, was successfully introduced into the plastid genome of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Transgenic plants with plastid expression of codA showed increased tolerance to low temperature stress compared with the wild type (WT). Further studies revealed that under low temperature stress condition, transgenic plants presented a significantly higher photosynthetic performance by regulating the electron transport and energy distribution in PSII, and higher antioxidant enzyme activities and lower O2– and H2O2 accumulation than did the WT plants. A higher expression of the COR genes was also observed in transgenic plants. Our results suggest that chloroplast biosynthesis of GB could be an effective strategy for the engineering of plants with increased resistance to low temperature stress.
Size, growth and mortality of riverine golden perch (Macquaria ambigua) across a latitudinal gradient
Authors: Wright Daniel W. , Zampatti Brenton P. , Baumgartner Lee J. , Brooks Steven , Butler Gavin L. , Crook David A. , Fanson Ben G. , Koster Wayne , Lyon Jarod , Strawbridge Arron , Tonkin Zeb , Thiem Jason D.
Published: July 2020

Effective fisheries management requires fish size, growth and mortality information representative of the population and location of interest. Golden perch Macquaria ambigua is long lived, potamodromous and widespread in the Murray–Darling Basin (MDB), Australia. Using a sample spanning 13 river systems and 10° of latitude, we examined whether the maximum size of golden perch differed by latitude and whether growth and mortality varied between northern and southern MDB regions. The length, weight and age ranges of golden perch sampled (n=873) were 52–559mm, 2–3201g and 0+ to 26+ years respectively, and maximum length and weight were unaffected by latitude. Length and age–length distributions represented by age–length keys varied by region, with greater variability in age-at-length and a larger proportion of smaller individuals in northern MDB rivers, which generally exhibit greater variability in discharge. Growth and mortality rates were similar between regions, and an MDB-wide von Bertalanffy growth model (L∞=447, k=0.32 and t0=–0.51) and instantaneous mortality rate (Z=0.20) best described the data. An MDB-wide length–weight equation also provided the best fit (W=6.76×10–6 L3.12). Our data suggest that the MDB can be treated as one management unit in terms of golden perch maximum size, growth and mortality parameters.
High-pressure elastic properties of dolomite melt supporting carbonate-induced melting in deep upper mantle
Authors: Xu Man , Jing Zhicheng , Bajgain Suraj K. , Mookherjee Mainak , Van Orman James A. , Yu Tony , Wang Yanbin
Published: July 2020

Significance

Petrologic studies suggest that carbonate-rich melts are present in the Earth’s upper mantle and play an important role in the deep carbon cycle. However, seismic detection of these melts is difficult due to the lack of understanding of the elastic properties of carbonate melts. Here we determined the sound velocity and density of dolomite melt at upper mantle conditions using high-pressure experiments and theoretical simulations. The calculated velocities of carbonate melt-bearing mantle using these new elasticity data were compared with global seismic observations. The result suggests that ∼0.05% carbonate-rich melt can be pervasively present in the deep upper mantle, implying a global average mantle carbon concentration of 80-140 ppm.
Event-distributivity and exhaustivity
Authors: Bosnić Ana , Velich Maximilian , Spenader Jennifer
Published: July 2020

Distributive-share markers such as jeweils in German or po in Serbian allow for
event-distributive readings, where events are distributed over spatio-temporal units, unlike distributive quantifiers such as
each in English that only allow individual-distributive readings. Some researchers propose that German
jeweils should be analyzed as a universal event-distributive quantifier. In contrast, other researchers claim
distributive share markers (e.g. Serbian po) are simply event plurality markers. We investigated these claims
with jeweils in two experiments. Experiment 1 tested if both individual and spatial (event) distributive readings
are readily available for transitive sentences in German, and if there is an exhaustivity requirement on the restrictor argument.
Experiment 2 was designed to force event-distributive readings and further disambiguate the results from Experiment 1. Our
findings suggest that jeweils seems to be a true universal event quantifier, and highlight that distributive
share markers can differ in fundamental features cross-linguistically.
Discourse-related V1 declaratives in Dutch
Authors: Kampen Jacqueline van
Published: July 2020

This paper discusses two types of discourse-related V1 declaratives in Dutch. The first type involves a missing
argument. In the position before the finite verb a referential 3rd person pronoun is deleted. The deletion of the pronoun is
constrained by the recoverability condition, which requires that its referential features can be reconstructed from context. I
will argue that only the deletion of a d(emonstrative)-pronoun is “topic drop”. Deleted topic
d-pronouns are subject to the same syntactic conditions as overt topic d-pronouns. Like the
overt d-pronoun, the deleted d-pronoun refers to the focus constituent of the preceding
sentence. A deleted p(ersonal)-pronoun, by contrast, does not have a uniquely determined antecedent. The second
type of V1 declarative is found in so-called “narrative inversion” in which all arguments are present, and no empty element needs
to be postulated. Various types of narrative inversion and the kind of discourse relation they imply are discussed.
Agreement and pronouns
Authors: Authier Jean-Marc , Reed Lisa A.
Published: July 2020

This chapter compares the workings of agreement mismatches involving the French pronoun on with those involving PRO in partial control (PC) environments in order to advance our understanding of the type of plurality that has been assumed to be associated with the latter. The theoretical framework used to effect this comparison is the two-step theory of Agree argued for by Arregi and Nevins (2012) and Smith (2017). The evidence uncovered suggests that whatever is assumed to induce the plurality of PC PRO (e.g. Landau’s (2016b) associative morpheme) leaves neither morphological nor semantic agreement footprints. We also show that, on the LF side, the type of plural set denoted by PC PRO appears to be immune to any sort of quantificational manipulation. We are thus left with an inference of plurality with no tangible grammatical correlates, which points in the direction of a process of pragmatic associative reference along the lines of Haug (2014).
The Emergence of Non-residential Area and its Locational Characteristics in Shikoku Region, Japan
Authors: Watanabe Hiromasa
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to detect non-residential area and to examine the locational characteristics from the case study of Shikoku region, Japan. Since the high economic growth period of 1950’s, Japan has experienced depopulation around peripheral area. This phenomenon has been called “Kaso” in Japanese and one of the most difficult social problems to today. The extreme result of depopulation around peripheral area is the emergence of non-residential area or abandoned residential area. Although the emergence of non-residential area may cause the devastation of national landuse, the actual condition has not been examined. The main data source of this study was landuse data (100m mesh) from NLNI and GIS was used to analyze. Firstly, by overlaying landuse data at 1976 with landuse data at 2014, non-residential area was detected and the geographic distribution and the present landuse were examined. Secondly, non-residential area was overlaid with topological data (250m mesh) from NLNI and the topological condition was examined. The result was as follows : first, the geographic distribution of non-residential area was concentrated in peripheral area as mountainous, therefor the condition was severe in comparison with residential area. Second, most of non-residential area was woodland and other land.
Toxic Metal Concentrations of Human Hair in Downstream of ASGM Sites in Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia
Authors: Abdul Gafur Nurfitri , Sakakibara Masayuki , Sera Koichiro , Indriati Arifin Yayu
Published: July 2020

Bone Bolango is a regency that has a lot of ASGM sites that use elemental mercury for gold processing compare to the other regencies in Gorontalo province. This activity produces waste containing hazardous substances dumped in Bone River. This river has been used to support human life also a source of drinking water in the city of Gorontalo. This research aims to investigate the source of toxic metal in the human hair of Tulabolo ASGM sites in Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. Hair samples were collected from the inhabitants who are living near Bone River. Total of toxic element concentration in the samples was analyzed by using Particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) which derives from Iwate Medical University. The maximum concentration of Hg, As, and Pb are 12.3 µg/g, 11.1 µg/g, and 13.5 µg/g, respectively. Those results show that Hg, As, and Pb are in danger level. Also, the results reveal that natural and anthropogenic sources have regionally polluted the areas.
Social Enterprise Development in Indonesia by Transdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Katsushi NISHIMURA
Published: July 2020

Indonesia is the most populous nation in Southeast Asia and its economy has been rapidly growing over the past years. However, the nation has numbers of challenges and facing various problems such as insufficient education problem derived from poverty due to delays of industrial development, drinking water and health impairment problems due to environmental degradation and traffic congestion in urban areas. In order to bring about sustainable development of the country, it is necessary to support and foster social enterprises that lead for solving such social problems. In response to this, the ultimate purpose of this research paper is to seek out how to advance the social entrepreneurship in Indonesia. One of the most important entities leading social problems to solve is forming a social enterprise. Because social enterprise can form the community services which cannot be formed in business firms, central or local governments. This research paper seeks the possibility of solving social problems by applying transdisciplinary approaches with the supports of collaboration between various stakeholders and scientists (co-design, co-production, co-delivery). Specifically, the purpose of this research paper is to clarify the path of developing a training and support system for social enterprises in Indonesia. It is difficult to seek out ways to support and nurture social enterprises by cooperation of industry, government and academia only. What is sought there is collaboration. In other words, in this research paper, we are trying to find ways to support and foster social enterprises by using a method called “transdisciplinary” while referring to collaboration examples of industry, government and academia in Japan. Under these circumstances in Indonesia, it is significant to consider supporting and fostering social enterprises for solving the social problems. This social enterprise support and foster system can be applied not only to Indonesia alone but also to many developing countries as long as it can be applied as development purposes to other countries.
Cipali Toll Road Safety Audit
Authors: Putu Shinta Eka Setyarini Niluh , Suryo Putranto Leksmono , Najid
Published: July 2020

The toll road is freeways to accelerate and shortening of travel time, this is due to the existing arterial road which is decrease congested, especially in weekends. Increasing density of the traffict, the car accidents occure on toll roads has increased also. One of causes of vehicle accidents on toll roads is by the lack of marking, sign, complementary buildings and poor pavement condition. This study would be discused the existing conditions of the Purbaleunyi Toll Road based on direct observation of complementary buildings, signs and marking and also in terms of pavement on toll roads. The observation data would be compared with the results of accident data from the Bina Marga that can help us to find out black area and grey area on the toll road in driver safety in terms of complementary buildings, marking, signs and pavement on toll roads.
Mechanical properties of powder concrete with a geopolymer bond
Authors: Kushartomo W , Sofianto
Published: July 2020

Commonly, the manufacturing of Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) uses a portlant cement as a binder. This research introduce a powder based concrete with an eco- friendly geopolymer binder. The production of geopolymer-powder concrete is believed as an alternative to reduce large amounts of CO2 released into the air. A geopolymer is obtained by mixing a fly ash as residual of coal burning waste with lye which is the mixture of sodium hidroxide and sodium silicate. Apart from that, glass powder is used to replace quartz powder (with similar quantity) in the manufacturing of this concrete. In producing of geopolymer-powder concrete, 4 mixed variations have been used based on the volume ratio between geopolymer and glass powder. To investigate the mechanical characteristic of geopolymer-powder concrete, several tests include compressive-, flexural-, and split-tensile strength test were conducted using a 20 cm x 10 cm cylindrical speciment and a cube of 40 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm. The test results prove that using 20% of geopolymer mixture, the specimen can achieve the compressive strength of 15, 97 MPa, flexural strength of 5, 49 MPa, and split-tensile strength of 2, 90 MPa.
Whitmore Section and Block Shear Failure Analysis on a Bolted Gusset Plate using Finite Element Method
Authors: Riadi Yoses , Tedianto Leo S
Published: July 2020

In order to determine the tensile capacity of a bolted gusset plate, the Block Shear capacity often came out as the most common failure. However, in the SNI 1729-2015, it’s stated on a User Note in section J4-1 that an element under tension should be checked against the Whitmore Section criterion. The analysis done in this research paper compared these two failure criteria on a few case models of a bolted gusset plate under tensile stress. The Finite Element Method, with the assistance of ABAQUS software, is used to determine the failure of the modeled cases. The results of the analysis will compare all of the gusset plate’s failure criteria of the Whitmore Section, Block Shear and the Finite Element Method. This paper proposes that the Whitmore Section check is deemed unnecessary in light of Block Shear criterion which proven by the FEM as the correct failure of the plate.
Control of Quality Concrete Base on Curing Methods
Authors: Anisah  , Prihantono
Published: July 2020

This concrete maintenance procedure is very difficult to carry out in the field or construction project, because of the influence of the volume of concrete in a large field, also very high mobility. The purpose of this study is to analyze maintenance-based concrete quality control in construction projects that are in accordance with SNI-2493-2011 standards. The research method carried out by the experimental method, the test object used was cylindrical with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 30 cm, with fc 25 MPa plan. The treatment method is to cover the concrete using wet „goni‟ sacks and sprinkling the concrete using water, with variations of treatments for 1 day, 3 days and 7 days such as the time of treatment in the construction project. as a concrete quality control with a method of soaking concrete for 28 days according to SNI-2493-2011. Test Results The value of concrete compressive strength that reaches only concrete control compressive strength of 25.97 MPa or greater than f’c of 3.88% and for the treatment method in the field no one reaches the plan compressive strength value. However, from the treatment method in the field, the optimum compressive strength is the maintenance method to cover concrete with „goni‟ sacks for 7 days at 24.11 MPa. In general, concrete treated in the field with a maintenance method closes the concrete using „goni‟ sacks the compressive strength value is higher than the concrete sprinkling treatment method.
Encapsulated Lime Peel Essential Oil (Citrus hystrix) Into Chitosan Nanoparticle: New Entity to Enhanced Effectivity Against Propionilbacterium Acne in Vitro
Authors: Julianti Wijayadi Linda , Rusliati Rusli Taty
Published: July 2020

Acne Vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects 85% of the population at least once throughout their lives. The pathogenesis of AV including hypercolonization in pilosebaseous glands by P. acnes. Effective and efficient acne therapeutics including topical acne medications remain a crucial aspect of acne research. The lime peel essential oil contains triterpenoid steroid and has antibacterial effect against P. acnes. Chitosan is a natural material produced by deacetylyation of chitin from crustacean exoskeleton. Being biocompatible, biodegradable, and affordable, chitosan is widely explored in biomedical field as active agent or drug carrier. In this study, the lime peel essential oil was encapsulated into chitosan nanoparticle through ionotropic gelation technique to be formulated into topical acne cream preparation. The aim of this study was to evaluate and to compare the efficacy of encapsulated and non encapsulated lime peel essential oil into chitosan nanoparticle in inhibiting P. acnes. The inhibition zone of P. acnes which known as non-growth area after exposure to lime peel essential oil encapsulated into chitosan nanoparticle was calculated. The result showed chitosan nanoparticle formula led to an inhibitory zone of 20, 61 mm in diameter, while non-encapsulated formula only led to 10-20 mm. Result led to conclusion that chitosan nanoparticle encapsulation formulation led to improved P. acnes inhibitory activity of lime peel essential oil.
The study of the identification of using the supply chain to increasing financing efficiency of management project for building construction x in Jakarta
Authors: Risa Diki Pratama Mukhamad , Simanjuntak Manlian Ronald A
Published: July 2020

Development in economy in Jakarta can be an opportunity to build residence and office building. It can increase a better profits. To build a building, a good management are needed in every step in construction from implementation, cost, time and quality, till building maintenance. One of concern in construction project was finance management. The benchmark for construction project success is satisfaction from owner and impact to the environment. Lack of material suply in a project can be deficit for the owner or the contractor. This research identified few factors and variables in supply chain that can affected financing management construction project in DKI Jakarta and identify efficiency for using supply chain that can affected to cost management. This research uses many literature and previous relevant research in focus on supply chain, financing management project for building in Jakarta, efficiency for supply chain to financial management, and other previous research for last 10 years. Financial management project can be assumed that some process to ensure that project can be finished in aproved estimation of cost. This research is using qualitative and quantitative method. This research uses primary and secondary data. We can identify a supply chain factor and financial management project for completed this project.
Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 through Lens of Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) and Machine Learning of Artificial Intelligence (MLAI)
Authors: Rahman Abdul , Pasaribu Elias , Nugraha Yudhiana , Khair Fauzi , Edi Nugroho Soebandrija Khristian , Indra Wijaya Dendhy
Published: July 2020

This paper provides preliminary discourse on buzz words about Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. This discourse focuses on the lens of Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) and Machine Learning of Artificial Intelligence (MLAI). To some extent several companies have embarked Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 within Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Through the wave of IoT Technology, Industries are adopting automated machinery. Predictive maintenance (PM) is indispensable not only toward the machines” vitality and longevity purpose, but also toward the human error reduction. This paper elaborates its discourse of Industry 4.0 and Society through the lens of CBM and MLAI. The mentioned Machine Learning, in this paper, refers to research methodology, as methodological frameworks. Those frameworks comprise several phases, which are: 1. Equipment Analysis; 2. Data Evaluation; 3. Data Selection and Process; 4. Modeling; 5. Decision Support Model Evaluation. The MLAI techniques are based upon the identification of behaviour patterns. This identification comprises datasets that exclude mathematical models or prior historical knowledge. The discourse in this paper intertwines CBM process and MLAI through data cleaning and processing, features stratification and extraction, model stratification and validation. This paper elaborates two renowned maintenance approaches which are preventive and corrective maintenance. Discourse in this paper focuses on corrective action, known as predictive maintenance (PM), or condition based maintenance (CBM) within Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM). CBM is chosen as the most desirable strategy, as it involves the intervention as the consequence of the machine breakdown. It also provides cost savings toward spare parts consumption, and optimizes production.
Cost Risk Analysis Method for Construction Project in Kuala Tanjung
Authors: Handoyo Cahyo Pranoto Eko , Simanjuntak Manlian Ronald A.
Published: July 2020

The complexity of the project, the severe natural conditions of the oceans, the management of material resources, equipment, labor and costs are risks that must be considered in the process of implementing construction. The Multi Purpose Terminal and Supporting Facility Development Project in Kuala Tanjung in the stage of sea side construction work was experiencing delays and claims for added costs. Inaccurate project cost management will negatively impact the project implementation process. Therefore a risk analysis of project implementation costs is needed so that it can be used as a basis for risk mitigation. The objectives of this research are to identify risks and analyze cost risks in influencing project performance. By using a quantitative method of analysis conducted on 31 cost risk variables by distributing questionnaires to 43 respondents. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion by using of a statistical software program, it was found that the five most dominant risk cost variables affected the project performance of the Construction of the Multi Purpose Terminal and Supporting Facilities in Kuala Tanjung, namely: the mismatch of planning drawings and field conditions, redesign, miss projecting cost flows, material selection is not right and temporary termination of work. Recommendations for improvement of the 5 variables that affect project performance are by comprehensively anticipating tender documents and field conditions.
Concept design for adjustable motorcycle handlebar
Authors: Salim Aldo , Yehezkiel Sandy , Fernando Bready , Monica Tasya , Ricardo Joshua , Purna Irawan Agustinus
Published: July 2020

Transportation in this modern era became one part of human’s daily lives. It helps people travel from one place to another. As a part of technology, transportation technology keeps on developing everyday, increasing the capability of human’s physical limits. This article was conducted as an attempt to create a design concept of an adjustable motorcycle handlebar. Design process is done by initially searching for customer feedback through survey, then selecting materials used in the concept, adjusting the specifications of the concepts and creating a 3D model of the designs. The design of the adjustable handlebar of the motorcycle is created by using Aluminium Alloy 7075 as the primary material, and uses a railing design to grant parallel movement to the handlebar. Results of the concept designing process includes the 3D model of an adjustable handlebar, in which concept could be used in further design processes.
Geometry Fin Performance in Vacuum Desalination System Condenser Tubes Using Low Temperature
Authors: Yohanes Setyawan Eko , Ismail Nakhoda Yusuf , Siagian Parulian , Napitupulu Richard A.M.
Published: July 2020

This research is aimed to increase the condensation rate of the Vacuum Desalination System by adding 20 twisted fins on the condenser. On the first day, by comparing energy before and after using fins, it was found that the fins effectivity was improved by 119 J, whether on the second day is improved by 101 J. The condensation rate is obtained on the first day at 8.00 in Western Indonesia Time with only 0.000102 kg/s, while the rate reached the top at 12:28 Western Indonesia Time with 0.000233 kg/s. The average experiment for one day is 0.000171 kg/s. On the second day the condensation rate at 8.00 Western Indonesia Time is about 0.000101 kg/s with highest condensate rate at 12.22 Western Indonesia Time with 0.000231 kg/s. The average condensate rate for the second day is 0.000159 kg/s. The result indicates that the first day produced 1.27 L/day freshwater whether on the second day produced 1.47 L/day.
Dry Land Irrigation In Kandar, Tanimbar Islands Regency.
Authors: Frengky Rumihin Ony , Anwar Makarim Chaidir , Pranoto Wati A.
Published: July 2020

Dry land is one of the agro-ecosystems that has great potential. From the wide potential of dry lands in Indonesia (especially in Tanimbar Island Regency, Maluku Province), it is classified as quite high, but there are problems with water availability and socio-economic. One of the potential irrigation areas in Kandar sub-district because it does not yet have an appropriate irrigation system, and because of the limited rainfall in Kandar makes it a suitable place for an irrigation in the dry land. To analyze the proper irrigation network in the Kandar irrigation area, primary and secondary data were collected. From the data collected then analyzed, we obtained water balance in the Kandar irrigation area with two cropping patterns, namely: Corn-Peanut-Nutmeg and Corn-Corn-Peanuts experienced surplus from January-June and deficit in July-December. From the irrigation area of 1101.23 ha, the area is divided into 5 plots in accordance with the standard. After that, an overall water requirement of 0.616 l/sec is calculated, which means Weslyeta Irrigation System is sufficient for irrigation. Then we calculate the dimensions of the required canal and building dimensions, and we obtained the length of the primary canal is 3383m and the length of the secondary canal is 3053m.
Distribution of Story Shear and Reinforcement in Dual System
Authors: Rahmat Wiyono Daud , Milyardi Roi , Lesmana Cindrawaty
Published: July 2020

Shear wall frame buildings are commonly used in buildings ranging from about 8 to about 30 stories. Shear walls may be simple planar walls, several wall segments commonly are connected to act as a three-dimensional unit, then may enclose spaces in buildings, such as stairs, wells or elevator shaft. In this case, 18 story building with shear wall as planar has been analyzed. The portion of frame is less than 25 % as required in Indonesian standard there are 11.64% in X direction and 12.12 % in Y direction, so the results are compared with the condition if shear wall is released, hence, only boundary elements are placed and taken the maximum value by giving 25 % earthquake load. In the 100 % base shear acting on structure the value of column shear force has greater value at the bottom story of column than if shear wall is released and only 25 % base shear is given. The value of shear force at shear wall in the bottom story is greater in the bottom because there is void in that area. The portion of frame is less than 25 % as greater in the bottom because there is void in that area, so the greater shear force in the story is obtained. As the result, at the lower story the correction of scale factor less than one factor for all story can give the economical design.
Influence of fillers on tribological behaviour of glass-coir reinforced epoxy composites – An ANN Approach
Authors: Vijay B R , Srikantappa A S
Published: July 2020

Composite materials are widely used in many industries today because of its properties. Some of the unique properties are corrosion resistance, high stiffness, strength and strength to weight ratio. Most of the metal exhibit the same properties but when weight plays a pivotal role, composites are suitable. In the current study, glass, coir, epoxy and MoS2 are used as materials. Fabrication of composites were done using vacuum assisted hand lay-up method. After fabrication, different experiments were performed to study the tribological behaviour of hybrid composites using ASTM Standards. From the experimental study, it is clear that composites with fillers played a pivotal role when compared with unfilled one. Filler percentage were varied between 0-6%. Significant improvement was observed after adding the filler. Hybrid composites with filler showed better wear and frictional resistance when compared with unfilled one. Artificial neural network method was also employed for validation. From ANN, it was clear that, experimental results were mapped with the output of ANN.
Smart Brake Monitoring System with Brake Failure Indication for Automobile Vehicles
Authors: Venkatesh Y C , Srikantappa A. S , Dinesh P
Published: July 2020

These days mishaps may happen because of different reasons; the principal reason is brake disappointment and is caused because of poor upkeep just as item deformity. So as to safe watchman the important human life from these mishaps; there is a requirement for observing of slowing mechanism in cars. Vehicle security is the evasion of car crashes or the minimization of hurtful impacts of mishaps, specifically, identified with human life and wellbeing. Uncommon wellbeing highlights have been incorporated with vehicles inhabitants just, and some for the security of others. In this present research work a brake disappointment pointer circuit that continually screens the state of the brake and gives a broad media sign to rider has been created. Flex sensor is utilized in this proposed framework to change over power connected at the uncommon wheel in to voltage corresponding to the power connected at the break cushion. Mishap is a lamentable occurrence that happens out of the blue and ordinarily bringing about harm or damage. Mishap controller utilizing ARDUINO UNO is a technique which use flex sensors to send sign to marker that serves to 0prevent odds of mishap. The proposed framework incorporates two sorts of driving modes, programmed and manual. In programmed mode, sensors will be dynamic, contingent upon which sensor has detected the snags it will play out the relating assignment of going ahead, decreasing velocity and applying brakes. In manual mode, sensors will be inactive, steering and braking system will be under the control of driver.
Experimental Analysis of Semi-Open Impeller Pump as Turbine
Authors: Zariatin D.L , Risdianto  , Chaeroni Amat , Ismail
Published: July 2020

Pump as turbine is one of the options for low-cost and simple electric power generation that suitable for rural area. Pump as turbine facing the same problem as any other hydropower plant which is low efficiency. Researchers focus on modification of the impeller, such as rounding, trimming, and surface smoothing. Most of the modified impeller was closed impeller type. The objective of this research was to investigate the possibility to generate more electric power of a PAT by using semi-open impeller. Simulation analysis was performed to analyze fluid flow in the pump housing. The simulation result shows the fluid velocity for open, semi-open and closed impeller is 646.87, 641.76, 639.89 m/s, respectively. The pressure of each open, semi-open and closed impeller is approximately 356, 361, and 388 kPa, respectively. The conclusion is that the open impeller had a higher velocity and lower pressure among two others. In the experimental testing, a semi-open impeller was selected because it had more strength and rigid body when it encountered the water impact. Three semi-open impellers with a blade thickness of 2, 4 and 6 mm made of brass were manufactured and tested. A close impeller which is the original impeller of the pump was also tested as a comparison. It is found that the open impeller with 2 mm blade thickness generated more electric power, approximately 36% than the original impeller.
Comparison of fracture toughness testing by the single edge v-notch beam and the surface crack in flexure method on silicon nitride
Authors: Gde Tirta Nindhia Tjokorda
Published: July 2020

This work is intended to compare the SEVNB and the SCF methods for fracture toughness testing. Both of the test methods are applied to a silicon nitride. Both methods are standardized and both have some minor shortcomings with respect to practicability and match of the theoretical description of the test situation with the actual test situation. SEVNB is easy to perform, but uses a notch of known depth (+ small micro-cracks of unknown size in front of a notch) instead of a crack, SCF uses a presumably residual stress-free indentation crack which is sometimes difficult to measure, not always semi-elliptical, as assumed to apply the evaluation formula, and may be accompanied by lateral cracks. Both methods will be analysed with respect to possible experimental errors. Variations of the SCF method are applied in order to examine how pre-cracks can be introduced which can be detected on the fracture surface. The geometry of the SCF-pre-crack is varied by applying different loads and by removing different amounts of material. The geometry of the Knoop pre-cracks system is investigated. The results help to identify conditions under which the SCF method can be used successfully to measure the fracture toughness of silicon nitride ceramics.
Flexural properties of bamboo strip composites on lamina configuration
Authors: Djamil Sofyan , Suardana NPG , Purna Irawan Agustinus , Sugita IKG , Tanujaya Harto
Published: July 2020

Composite of laminate is a type of composite consisting of two or more layers combined into one and each layer has special characteristics. This research is expected to increase the use value of bamboo so that in the future large industries can utilize bamboo as much as possible, given the advantages possessed by these natural materials. The aim of this research is to find out the effect of the angle configuration on the flexural properties of the three-layer laminate bamboo composite. The type of matrix material and reinforcement used in this research are epoxy polymer resin and Apus bamboo woven with plain woven type. The bamboo composite angle configuration consists of 00, 450, 900 with laminate variation 00/00/00; 00/450/00; 00/900/00. Flexural testing with specimen size follows ASTM D7264/D7264M.07 standards. From the results of the tests, it can be concluded as follows: Flexural strength for orientation angle 00/00/00, value 47.31 ± 1.21 MPa, orientation angle 00/450/00, value 38.20 ± 1.33 MPa, orientation angle 00/900/00 value 41.03 ± 2.12 MPa.