bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La reconfiguración de la cacería de animales de monte por parte de los kichwas amazónicos en Sucumbíos/ The reconfiguration of hunting of forest animals by the Amazonian kichwas in Sucumbios
Authors: Massa Manzanillas Diana Cristina , Terán Romo Leroux Felipe David
Published: December 2017

El territorio amazónico ha sido intervenido por diversos actores sociales e institucionales. Estas intervenciones han desestructurado y/o reconfigurado las prácticas ancestrales locales de las comunidades indígenas, de manera específica, de los kichwas de la provincia de Sucumbíos, la cual está ubicada al norte de la Amazonía del Ecuador. La forma en que las prácticas ancestrales han sido desestructuradas, se visibiliza en la cacería y consumo de animales de monte. Cabe mencionar, que en épocas antiguas -la cacería- estaba vinculada a una dinámica de subsistencia y además, cumplía una función simbólica de la reproducción social. En la actualidad, en ciertos territorios, estas dinámicas se han transformado. En ese sentido, el presente artículo evidencia este proceso social, con la finalidad de visibilizar cómo las agendas de intervención en el territorio amazónico, por parte del Estado, las organizaciones privadas y otros actores, han reconfigurado las prácticas locales como la cacería y el consumo de animales de monte.

 

Abstract

The Amazonian territory has been intervened by various social and institutional actors. These interventions have unstructured and/or reconfigured the local ancestral practices of the indigenous communities, specifically, in the Kichwas of the province of Sucumbíos, located in the north of the Amazon of Ecuador. The way in which ancestral practices have been unstructured is visible in the hunting and consumption of wild animals. It is worth mentioning that in ancient times hunting was linked to a subsistence dynamic and, in addition, they fulfilled a symbolic function of social reproduction. At present, in specific territories, these dynamics have been transformed. In this sense, this article demonstrates this social process, in order to make visible how the intervention agendas in the Amazonian territory, by the State, the private organizations and other actors, have reconfigured local practices such as the hunting and the consumption of wild animals.
The Visual Discourse of Protest Movements on Twitter: The Case of Hong Kong 2014
Authors: Wetzstein Irmgard
Published: December 2017

The article presents the results of a qualitative documentary image interpretation of the visual discourse of the Hong Kong protests on the Twitter hashtag #hongkongprotests. Visual thematic patterns, the actors depicted, and the relations between actors as well as visual perspectives were analyzed to derive the function of visual images and to give insights into visual protest storytelling. Visuals and image-text relations in Tweets within #hongkongprotests revealed an application of images in clear favor of the protest movement taking an ‘at the scene’/‘on the ground’ perspective, with media workers being active in front of the camera rather than mere observers behind the camera. While the approach used proved to be suitable for the research project, the research design comes with some limitations, for example in terms of the non-generalizability of results.
Caracterización geomorfológica y análisis de la evolución del deslizamiento rotacional de Andoin, Sierra de Entzia (País Vasco).
Authors: Ormaetxea Arenaza Orbange , Barroso Arroyo Juan Carlos , Sáenz de Olazagoitia Blanco Ana
Published: December 2017

La ladera de Andoin (Sierra de Entzia, Álava) representa un ejemplo de inestabilidad de carácter prolongado en el tiempo y con pulsaciones de mayor actividad relacionadas con eventos de precipitación. En un ámbito que tiene como germen un antiguo deslizamiento rotacional, además de la lluvia, factores como la alternancia litológica, la respuesta del sustrato a la infiltración hídrica, la pendiente y la fracturación intervienen en la generación de múltiples procesos actuales como desprendimientos masivos, deslizamientos y flujos con progresiones diferenciadas en un espacio que abarca 7 ha.Para su análisis se han utilizado 1) fotografías aéreas históricas disponibles desde 1932 y con intervalo anual para el período 2004-2015, así como 2) instrumentos GPS y técnicas LIDAR que han permitido delimitar y caracterizar la zona y hacer un seguimiento de su evolución. Se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de la precipitación mensual de los observatorios más cercanos (1945-2015) y se han relacionado estos datos con las reseñas sobre el movimiento de ladera y la información extraída de fotografías.Desde 2004 a 2015 se ha realizado un seguimiento en campo después de los períodos de máximas lluvias, lo que ha permitido reconocer diferentes tipologías de movimientos de ladera que se han caracterizado y cartografiado utilizando tecnologías SIG.
Valoración del patrimonio geomorfológico de un sector del Parque Natural de Arribes del Duero (Bajo Sayago, Zamora)
Authors: Marino Alfonso José Luis , Poblete Piedrabuena Miguel Ángel , Beato Bergua Salvador
Published: December 2017

Se efectúa una valoración del patrimonio geomorfológico del Parque Natural de Arribes del Duero, concretamente, en un sector de la comarca zamorana del Bajo Sayago que tiene una extensión de unas 6.000 ha, a partir de la aplicación de varios métodos relacionados con el análisis de Lugares de Interés Geomorfológico (LIGm) en espacios naturales protegidos. Como resultado se han identificado nueve geomorfositios de los cuales tres, esto es, Peña Gazón y valle de Peña la Galga, Las Barrancas y finalmente Cerro de San Miguel, alcanzan una valoración global sobresaliente. A partir de la evaluación de los valores científicos, culturales y de uso y gestión de cada LIGm se establecen propuestas orientadas a su gestión, que pasan mayoritariamente por la interpretación del patrimonio geomorfológico enfocado al aprovechamiento geoturístico y educativo. La buena accesibilidad, el excelente estado de conservación y el escaso riesgo de degradación convierten dichos Lugares de Interés Geomorfológico en recursos patrimoniales útiles para el desarrollo local sostenible.
El efecto de los cambios en la cubierta vegetal sobre la evolución de los daños por aludes en el Macizo Asturiano
Authors: García-Hernández Cristina , Ruiz-Fernández Jesús , Pereira Susana
Published: December 2017

Se analizan las características físicas y el daño generado por 126 avalanchas de nieve desencadenadas entre 1800 y 2015, relacionando las variaciones del daño con ciertos cambios experimentados en las dinámicas sociales que afectaron a la vegetación en este periodo. La información se ha obtenido a través de fuentes históricas, entrevistas, fotointerpretación y trabajo de campo. Posteriormente ha sido introducida en un sistema de información geográfica y ha sido tratada estadísticamente. Las avalanchas más dañinas se produjeron en un 75% antes de la década de 1940 recorriendo distancias cortas a medias, desencadenándose en su mayor parte por debajo del límite potencial del bosque y afectando a asentamientos. Ciertos cambios en los usos del suelo de las áreas afectadas, especialmente aquellos que han afectado a la cubierta vegetal de las áreas de desencadenamiento, podrían explicar la progresiva disminución de los daños. Estos se concentran a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX, en un contexto legislativo favorable a la deforestación (desamortización), coincidente con el despegue de las actividades mineras e industriales y con un crecimiento demográfico que demandaba un aprovechamiento agropecuario intenso de las áreas de monte. Desde mediados del siglo XX, el descenso de la demanda de madera autóctona y el proceso de abandono progresivo de tierras vinculado al éxodo rural, dan paso a la revegetación pasiva de áreas marginales y con ello a la recuperación del bosque protector en las áreas de desencadenamiento de las avalanchas más dañinas, explicando en buena parte el descenso de los daños causados a través del tiempo.
Prevalence of health problems in suburban schools in Chennai, India
Authors: Kumar Haritha S. , Pasupathy Sekar , Chinnasami Balaji , Ramraj Balaji
Published: December 2017

Background: School health programmes help in early detection of health problems but the literature about its effectiveness in India is sparse. Hence, this study was undertaken. The aim of the present study is to measure the weight, height and BMI in school children and to interpret it using the IAP growth charts, to estimate the prevalence of stunting, undernutrition, overweight, obesity, refractory errors, hearing impairment and dental caries in children and to compare the prevalence of above parameters among gender and age.Methods: This is a cross sectional study, conducted between January to March 2017 in 3 suburban schools in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. A total of 631 children in the age group of 6-18 years were screened by an expert team. Weight and height was measured using standard equipments, BMI was calculated and plotted on IAP growth charts. Vision was tested using Snellen chart by an optometrist. Dental evaluation was done by a dentist and hearing screening done by an audiologist using puretone audiometry. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test, P value of <0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Out of 631 children, 344 were boys and 287 were girls. 507 children belonged to the primary age group (6-12 years) and 124 children belonged to the secondary age group (12-18 years). The prevalence of stunting was 0.7% and was gradually decreasing with increasing age. The overall prevalence of thinness, overweight and obesity was 10.1%, 1.5% and 7.1% respectively. Underweight was more common among the primary age group whereas obesity was more commonly seen in secondary age group. The prevalence of weight abnormalities in both the age groups and sexes were statistically significant. 19% children had visual defects and the prevalence was more in older children. Dental caries was more commonly seen in primary dentition and the prevalence was 18.9%. Due to lack of ambient conditions, only severe hearing impairment was detected. 5 (0.8%) children had severe hearing impairment. Conclusions: The burden of health problems like malnourishment, refractory errors, dental caries and hearing impairment are high in school children. With the results of the present study, we can conclude that there is a need for implementation of school health screening programmes to detect these health problems at an early stage. To bring a significant change in the community, a dedicated national school health screening program is needed
Perceptions of mothers having children with bronchial asthma regarding inhaler therapy: a qualitative study
Authors: Barik Kanai Barik , Paul Uttam Kumar
Published: December 2017

Background: Bronchial asthma imposes a significant health burden on the children. Multiple inflammatory mediators are recruited in bronchial asthma. Inhaled corticosteroid therapy is the mainstay of bronchial asthma treatment which is most effective to suppress the inflammatory changes in bronchial airways. The principal issue in proper control of bronchial asthma is adherence to treatment. The objective of the study is to find out the causes of non-adherence to treatment and perceptions of mothers having child with bronchial asthma through a qualitative in-depth interview method. Methods: The study was conducted in the Paediatric Department of Burdwan Medical College, Burdwan, West Bengal. The study was one of qualitative descriptive types involving in depth interviews (IDI) of 27 mothers having children with bronchial asthma. The interviews were translated into English transcripts which were then analyzed to find out suitable codes and categories. Results: From the transcripts we found out eight categories each of which is further divided into several codes. The categories are given here with codes in parenthesis. Initial repercussion (disagreement, habit forming, harmful, future problems), non-willingness to treatment (discontinuation, avoidance and oral medication), hazards during treatment (cost, availability, remote places, lack of time and family crisis), technical difficulties (demonstration, lack of knowledge, and cleaning the device), problem of the baby (irritability, vomiting, and excessive crying), attitude of mother/caregiver (misconception, non-motivation, and worriedness), other modalities of treatment (homeopathy, and ayurvedic medicines), and response to treatment (better feeling, decreased frequency, reduced recurrences, and total cure). Conclusions: Most of the studies dealing with the various factors of non-adherence of treatment of bronchial asthma is not a qualitative approach. In the present study we have applied qualitative in-depth interview approach and able to find out different causes of non-adherence to inhaler therapy of bronchial asthma. In the category "response to therapy", a few of the comments is quite encouraging and fully support the modern views of the management of bronchial asthma.
Impact of education on the knowledge and skills of parents of children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Yadav Purnima , Vagha Jayant
Published: December 2017

Background: Sickle cell disease is a haemoglobinopathy that affects millions throughout the world. It leads to poor quality of the life and increased mortality in children and young adults. In Vidarbha, SCD is common and it is pathetic to see children in morbid state dying due to some or the other crisis. Parents must be educated about the nature of the disease, earliest signs of crises and seek help, treat all febrile illnesses promptly. We contemplated that the key to success in the management of such children is parental education and this prompted us to undertake the present study.Methods: It was interventional study, done in Pediatric SCD clinic done in 2 years. Parent’s preexisting knowledge and awareness about sickle cell disease was assessed with the help of questionnaire and OSCE. They were then educated with the help of educational module comprising of pamphlets in Marathi, pictures, and also trained in clinical examination of their child to detect pallor, fever, jaundice, respiratory distress, pulse and splenic enlargement. After intervention posttest and OSCE was conducted again.Results: The pre-existing knowledge about inheritance, signs and symptoms of sickle cell anemia was high, but parents showed lack in skills of assessment of crises. These skills improved significantly after intervention. There was statistically significant (p<0.05) difference between average pretest and post test scores of each skill tested.Conclusions: Modular teaching using OSCE helps in improving skills of parents for early detection of sickle cell crises.
Outcome of acute renal failure in children in Chennai, India
Authors: Kalyanasundaram Kumarasamy , Elangovan Harikrishnan , Sailavasan Madhivanan
Published: December 2017

Background: Acute Renal Failure (ARF) is one of the common causes of morbidity and mortality in children. With the availability of increasing knowledge and awareness, dialysis facilities and excellent supportive treatment, the overall outcome is changing. This study is undertaken to find out the outcome of ARF in children.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was done in Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, (ICH and HC) Egmore, Chennai from February 2014 to January 2016. Children with elevated blood urea (>40 mgs/dl) and serum creatinine (>1 mg/dl) were included and evaluated for etiology, treatment modality and outcome and other co-morbid features. Data was analysed on SPSS 20.0. P value of <0.05 was considered significant.Results: A total of 105 children (65 boys, 40 girls) from newborn period to 12 years were examined. The common age of presentation of ARF is 1-4 years with a male preponderance and acute glomerulonephritis were found to be commonest cause. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality in relation to age group (P 0.98). There was a statistically significant difference in mortality in relation to duration of oliguria (P 0.02), Serum creatinine levels (P 0.03). The role of other biochemical values like serum potassium (P 0.14), serum bicarbonate (P 0.59) were not found statistically significant. Peritoneal dialysis in general improves survival, but it is not statistically significant (P 0.33). Systemic complications associated with ARF increases mortality and it is statistically significant (Chi- square value = 9.13, P = 0.003).Conclusions: ARF in children is due to transient disorders and early referral to major centres even with 1-2 days oliguria and early treatment will improve the prognosis. Peritoneal dialysis in severe ARF with associated complications really helped the children.
Análise microbiológica da água utilizada para consumo nas escolas de Esperança, Paraíba
Authors: Da Silva Aldeni Barbosa , De Brito Janaina Moreira , Duarte Jonatas Da Silva , Almeida Olga Elyzabeth Lucena
Published: December 2017

This project had the objective of verifying the microbiological quality of the water that supplies seven public schools in the urban area of the municipality of Esperança-PB. Initially, the samples were collected in wide - mouth glass bottles, protected with laminated paper, pre-sterilized (121º C - 30’ in autoclave), and were sent to the Environmental Sanitation Laboratory of the State University of Paraíba - Campina Grande Campus, where the qualitative analysis of Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli were performed using the Colilert Enzymatic Chromogenic Substrate method. Soon after the application of the Colilert reagent and incubation for 24 hours at 37 ° C, a yellow coloration was observed in samples 6 and 7, highlighting the presence of total coliforms. However, the presence of E. coli was not detected in any of the analyzed samples, since they did not show fluorescence under ultraviolet light. This concludes that the waters of samples 6 and 7 are inappropriate for human consumption. According to Ordinance No. 2.914 / 2011 of the Ministry of Health, when samples with positive results are detected for total coliforms, even in presumptive tests, corrective actions must be taken and new samples must be collected on successive days until satisfactory results are obtained.
A formação de docentes e práticas pedagógicas no contexto da educação tecnológica
Authors: Oriente Ítalo , Escola Joaquim Jose Jacinto , Moita Filomena Maria Gonçallves da Silva Cordeiro
Published: December 2017

In this article we discuss the training of teachers for professional and technological education, considering the need for a continuous formation articulated with the Education Sciences. We intend to shift the focus centered on technical training to a perspective centered on pedagogical practices, consonant with a humanist formation. Our objective is to critically reflect on current teacher training courses considering the need for an adequate articulation between the specific technical and pedagogical knowledge . In this sense, we emphasize that the teaching activity is not merely a technical nature, it involves specialist knowledge and general knowledge that is in harmony with the purposes of the 21st century Education and with the profile of the students to be trained. The knowledge society, due to its idiosyncrasies, demands both a new formative profile that contemplates new methodological perspectives, within the field of professional and technological education, and looks for an effective combination between teaching and learning within the scope of this new cultural scenario. Knowledge should not be initiated only in a scientific and technological culture, characterized by a simple transmission of content, instead, it should be integrated to a culture of the humanities, privileging reflective and systemic thinking. Training students in vocational and technological education courses is not only preparing them for the competent exercise of a given profession in this area, it also means providing them with critical thinking about the transformations of the world around them as a presupposition of meaningful learning, to put themselves in the world in a more informed way. Therefore, it is necessary to rethink the traditional model of training of teachers who work at universities . We present in this article, preliminary results of a theoretical study, based on bibliographical research and also on reflections derived from the activities of professor and coordinator of an undergraduation course in technology
O mundo estava calado quando nós morremos: aspectos identitários em Meio Sol Amarelo, de Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
Authors: Afonso Lilia Dos Anjos , Pinheiro Vanessa Riambau
Published: December 2017

In 2009, at a conference about technology, entertainment and design, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie presented a speech in which she advocated the idea that people should be open to the multiple existing stories about the facts that impact our society, fleeing from the idea, actually from the danger of one story only. In this sense, we focus our attention on the fact that we generally believe that there is only one version of the facts about people who form a people. We are used to having only this conception and this is what the text from Meio Sol Amarelo (2006) attempts to undo in relation to the Nigerians or in relation to the peoples that are part of the Nigerian nation. In this article we intend to analyze the conceptions of identity present in the work, from the perspective of the events leading up the narrative. In order to do so, we support our analysis in the conceptions of identity based on Bauman (2004) and Hall (2006). This analytic context culminates in the perspective of the fragmented identities of the postmodern and contemporary world, and, on this contemporaneity, we take Agamben’s (2009) thinking as base. These conceptions lead, therefore, to the comprehension that it is necessary to undo the pre-established ideas about Africa and the countries that are part of Africa as a continent composed of diverse peoples, interests and customs, which cocomitantly lead us to undo other pre-constructed established in our Western society
Ultrasonographic evaluation of ovulation stigma and prognosis of growth outcomes of the dominant follicle
Authors: О. В. Булавенко  , В. В. Дощечкин
Published: December 2017

Study objective: To study the relationship of ultrasonographic changes in the walls of the dominant follicle with the outcomes of its growth – ovulation or persistence.Study design: Prospective cross-sectional study.Patients, Methods, Settings: Upon results of sonographic one cycle pre-assessment, 96 women from subfertile couples were distributed into two groups. Main group – 78 women with documented ovulation. Comparison group consisted of eighteen women with various clinical forms of follicle persistence. Ovulation stigma identification was performed by transvaginal ultrasonography using the technique of Mobile Hydroacoustic Window (TVS+MHAW) with standard 6–10 MHz probes. Three sources of fluid were used for the building of mobile hydroacoustic window: antral fluid, contents of ovulation stigma and the fluid located close to ovary apex. Subtle structures of follicle walls were assessed at the interface of liquid and dense medium in the area of ovary apex.Results, Discussion: In 52 cases (66.6%) two main types of ovulation stigma – Bleb-type and Flat-type were identified, in 48 (61.5%) and 4 (5.1%) cases, accordingly.In the rest of 26 (33.3%) ovulating women it was not possible to identify the stigma sonographically. In 18 (18.8%) cases anovulatory cycles were presented: LUF in 10 (10.4%) cases, follicular regression in 6 (6.3%) and haemorrhagic cysts developed in two cases (2.1%). Local thinning of follicular walls in the area of stigma (91%), appearance of small amount of fluid near the ovary apex (93.6%) and elongated or cone-like shape of the pre-ovulatory follicle (59%) were the most prevalent sonographic signs of stigma formation. Stages of sonographic changes of the structure of forming ovulation stigma were detected and described. New sonographic sign of ovulation stigma, – the phenomenon of Constriction Ring (30.8%), characterizing the closing stage of stigma formation was described. Mean growth and regression rates were calculated for dominant follicles. The increase of dominant follicle size beyond 28.5 mm is connected to high risk of its anovulation or persistence. It should also be taken into account that ovulation can occur at any stage of stigma formation, also without its sonographic appearance.Conclusion: The study of phenotypic features of stigma formation by means of TVS + MHAW can be useful for timing of OPU in IVF natural cycles and prediction of high risk of follicle persistence/regression at intrauterine insemination.
Strategy of effectiveness in the modern concept of reproductive health
Authors: V. V. Bobrytska
Published: December 2017

The modern concept of reproductive health is based not only on the search for optimal methods of treatment of diseases, preservation of planned pregnancy, prevention of maternal and child morbidity and mortality, but, first of all, on preventive correction of pathological conditions. These problems were examined on the 17th World Congress of the International Academy of Human Reproduction which took place on March 15–18, 2017 in Rome. In particular, the section “Current Problems in Reproductive Surgery” examined the problems of diagnosing pathological conditions before surgery, as well as issues of effective prevention of the disease recurrence. Within the framework of the section the associate professor of the Department of Perinatology, Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Kharkov Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education V.V. Bobritskaya presented the report “Management of patients after surgical treatment for ovarian neoplasia.”The report described the results of data-analysis of the management of 140 patients after surgical treatment for benign ovarian tumors. A retrospective study of these results was presented: using combined oral contraceptives (COCs), combination of COCs and the metabolic oncoprotect drug Epigalin, as well as the results of the isolated use of Epigalin in the rehabilitation period (6–12 months). The aim of the study was to optimize the methods of preventing relapses of neoplastic processes in operated women of reproductive age.Among the observed patients, the best results were reported in the group receiving co-therapy COCs + Epigaline – no recurrence of ovarian neoplasia. In group I (COCs only) 1 case of the endometrioid cyst recurrence was observed, in group III (Epigalin only) – 1 case of the cyst of the yellow body recurrence. The expected maximum number of relapses (6) was observed in a group of women who did not take the recommended drugs during the rehabilitation period for various reasons.According to conclusion of the study authors, a combination of COCs with a low dose of 20 μg ethinyl estradiol and 150 μg desogestrel with 90 mg epigallocatechin-3-gallate and 400 mg indole-3-carbinol (Epigalin) can be considered as one of the optimal methods for preventing of ovarian neoplasia recurrence, and therapy of dyshormonal conditions. Preventative treatment must be performed in the postoperative period.
Evaluation of efficiency of correction climacteric syndrome in women of perimenopausal period with reproductive disturbances in anamnesis
Authors: С. О. Шурпяк  , В. І. Пирогова  , М. Й. Малачинська
Published: December 2017

The article deals with the issues of application of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in women of perimenopausal age with menopausal syndrome and reproductive disorders in the anamnesis.46 women with moderate or severe degree of climacteric syndrome and reproductive disorders in the anamnesis (the main group) who received the drug Climonorm on a three-week schedule with a seven-day break were examined. The comparison group consisted of 19 patients of the same age who had contraindications to the use of MHT.In a reproductive history in patients marked loss of pregnancy at different gestational age; PID; operative interventions for benign ovarian tumors, ectopic pregnancy, genital endometriosis, infertility; abnormal uterine bleeding, not associated with pregnancy or the presence of uterine fibroids. During the period of inclusion in the study, 38.5% of women were regular menstrual circle (MC), 15.4% reported intermenstrual bleeding, 18.5% had hyperpolymenorrhea, and 27.6% had acyclical uterine bleeding of varying intensity. Patients showed complaints of hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disturbances, headache, dizziness, emotional lability, depression, fatigue, muscle and joint pain. Before the beginning of therapy, the severity of menopausal syndrome according to MMI was 47.0 ± 6.1 in the main group, in the comparison group – 45.3 ± 6.9.In the case of MC disorders, a pendulum biopsy of the endometrium or hysteroscopy with separate diagnostic scraping of the walls of the cavity and cervix of the uterus was performed.Morphological examination in 67.9% of cases verified endometrium in the stage of proliferation, in 32.1% – simple non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia.After 6 months of treatment, the patients of the main group had a pronounced positive dynamics of climacteric complaints, the average value of MMI after treatment decreased from 47.0 ± 6.1 to 10.2 ± 1.4 points (p <0.001). In a dynamic US examination, the negative dynamics of M-echo indices was not recorded, 86.3% of women with MC disorders before the start of treatment noted regular menstrual bleeding in the interval between the Climonorm doses.MHT with the use of the Climonorm allows to effectively reduce the severity of manifestations of the climacteric syndrome by 80–60%, ensures the regularity and stability of the MC.The appointment of a cyclic combination of MHT with a strong progestogen component (levonorgestrel) has advantages in women with non-atypical hyperplastic processes in the perimenopause, since it prevents recurrence of uterine bleeding with a reduction or complete reduction of menopausal symptoms and no adverse effect on the endometrium.
ESTUDO DA FOTODEGRADAÇÃO DO PEAD ADITIVADO COM EXTRATOS DE ORIGEM VEGETAL
Authors: Proença Larissa Braga , Sousa Alexandre Rangel de
Published: December 2017

Durante a síntese ou processamento do polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD) são gerados grupos cromóforos que induzem facilmente a fotodegradação das cadeias poliméricas, quando o polímero é exposto a radiações acima de 290 nm. Com o objetivo de investigar fotoestabilizantes naturais para o PEAD, pellets do termoplástico pigmentados com extratos de repolho roxo e de beterraba foram extrudados, moldados e expostos a radiação ultravioleta. Ensaios de tração, espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR), calorimetria exploratória diferencial de varredura (DSC) e índice de fluidez foram realizados a fim de detectar sinais de degradação e avaliar as possíveis alterações nas propriedades mecânicas e químicas das amostras puras e aditivadas, expostas ou não a radiação UV. As amostras aditivadas com extrato de beterraba tiveram comportamento semelhante as amostras puras, porém mostraram-se capazes de proporcionar uma proteção mínima contra a fotodegradação. Já a presença do extrato de repolho acarretou na fragilização dos corpos de prova logo com 21 dias de exposição, levando a conclusão de que estes promoveram um efeito pró-degradante ao polímero em estudo.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE FIBROCIMENTOS COM FIBRA DE BAMBU OBTIDA POR DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE POLPAÇÃO
Authors: Jacóe Renata Borges , Pedersoli Sabrina Patricio , Rodrigues Conrado De Souza
Published: December 2017

A substituição do amianto por fibras celulósicas é uma alternativa viável na produção de fibrocimentos. O processo de obtenção das fibras celulósicas mais comum é o Kraft, onde as fibras são preservadas e a lignina é eliminada utilizando solventes como Na(OH) e Na2S. Um método alternativo é o Organossolve, onde são utilizados reagentes orgânicos, como etanol, cujos impactos ambientais são menores que o do Kraft. A durabilidade do fibrocimento esta relacionada a fibra empregada, uma vez que o processo de degradação se dá devido ao ambiente alcalino da matriz, proporcionado pelas quantidades elevadas de Ca(OH)2. Para mitigação da degradação alguns métodos são propostos, como a modificação da matriz com adições pozolanicas. A avaliação do material se dá pelas alterações estruturais (DRX e termogravimetria) e propriedades mecânicas (ensaios de flexão). Os resultados indicam que há variação das características do fibrocimento de acordo com o tipo de fibra celulósica utilizada.
PRODUÇÃO DE POLI (ÁCIDO LÁTICO) A PARTIR DO SORO DO LEITE
Authors: Horban Marco Aurelio , Silva Aurivan Alexsander , Maydl Mylena Piekarzewicz , Castella Raquel , Lunelli Carlos Eduardo
Published: December 2017

O poli (ácido lático) (PLA) é um polímero derivado de fontes renováveis que, devido à suas características mecânicas e baixa toxicidade, tem uma vasta área de aplicação. Atualmente, o ácido lático utilizado na produção de PLA é obtido através da fermentação de vegetais ricos em amido, porém, com o intuito de tornar o processo mais economicamente viável, o uso de diversos rejeitos industriais tem sido estudado. Assim, foi proposta neste trabalho uma planta industrial para produção de PLA empregando o soro do leite, um rejeito da indústria de laticínio. O processo é dividido em duas etapas: produção de ácido lático e formação do PLA. A primeira consiste na preparação do soro, fermentação da lactose e purificação do ácido lático. Já a segunda etapa é constituída da formação do oligômero, produção e purificação do lactídeo e, por ultimo, polimerização por abertura de anel, originando um poli (ácido lático) de alta massa molar.
PROPRIEDADES ELÉTRICAS DOS FILMES DE POLISSACARÍDEOS
Authors: Sousa Rhayson Almeida de , Almeida Rafael Mendonça , Silva Cléber Cândido , Macêdo Ana Angélica Mathias
Published: December 2017

Galactomanana (Gal) é um polissacarídeo que possui estrutura linear, constituída principalmente de unidades de D-manopiranose por uma ligação β(1-4) com moléculas de D-galactopiranose na cadeia principal unidas por uma ligação glicosídica. A estrutura química da quitosana (Q) é formada por unidades de β(1-4) 2-amino-2-deoxi-D-glucose repetidamente. A espectroscopia dielétrica é uma caracterização que estuda a resposta de um material através de um estímulo elétrico, normalmente sendo esta uma corrente alternada, e assim, estudar a parte real e imaginária da impedância e de outros termos dependentes da mesma. Este trabalho tem por objetivo produzir filmes poliméricos usando Galactomanana e Quitosana e caracterizá-los por espectroscopia dielétrica. As soluções dos polissacarídeos foram preparadas a uma proporção de 2%. Em seguida, as soluções de galactomanana 2% e a solução de quitosana 2% foram misturadas e solubilizadas para a obtenção dos filmes de Gal, Q e da blenda GalQ. A blenda da GalQ foi caracterizado por espectroscopia dielétrica. Conclui-se que os filmes apresentam características elétricas dos polímeros isolantes.
O Judiciário e a demarcação de terras indígenas: o caso de Pernambuco
Authors: Maia Fernando Joaquim Ferreira , Souza Júnior Gilberto Romeiro de
Published: December 2017

Resumo: Neste artigo trata-se dos conflitos envolvendo terras indígenas em Pernambuco pelo Judiciário. A análise foi feita a partir das decisões em Pernambuco e que tratam dos processos de conflitos de terras indígenas. No estudo empregam-se as noções do direito do acesso à terra e o posicionamento dos juízes na resolução dos conflitos envolvendo terras indígenas. Analisa-se a atuação da jurisdição diante das questões de terras indígenas, bem como investigam-se os possíveis cenários desses conflitos no Estado. Utilizaram-se como instrumentos de pesquisa livros e artigos de Direito e Sociologia sobre conflitos ambientais sobre apropriação de terras, e as decisões judiciais acerca dos conflitos pelo direito à terra nas comunidades indígenas. Defende-se que o Judiciário age de forma incoerente ao aplicar a norma material ambiental nos conflitos envolvendo as terras indígenas. Portanto, os povos indígenas não encontram no Judiciário um campo favorável para defesa dos seus direitos relativos à terra. Palavras-chave: Análise judicial. Direito à terra. Indígenas. Conflito.
Rashomon: a percepção e a construção da norma do caso concreto
Authors: Macedo Priscilla Maria Santana , Xerez Rafael Marcílio
Published: December 2017

Resumo: O filme japonês Rashomon (1969) retrata o relato de um crime de estupro de uma mulher, seguido do assassinato de seu marido, um samurai, na perspectiva de quatro pessoas diferentes. As versões completamente contraditórias ilustram perfeitamente a influência da percepção na construção do “enunciado de fato”, que é produto da percepção de um sujeito do “fato” que ocorre no mundo fenomênico. Das interferências e influências que recaem sobre a percepção, surge a problemática referente à busca pela verdade real, especialmente em âmbito jurídico, na aplicação da norma ao caso concreto, em que o Juiz recebe um fato por meio de relatos, muitas vezes divergentes, baseados em diferentes percepções. Destarte, a partir de uma análise ilustrativa da obra cinematográfica Rashomon, buscou-se analisar questões referentes à concretização de direitos mediante a aplicação da norma jurídica a casos concretos de forma a aproximar-se da verdade real, considerando que os elementos que compõem o caso se baseiam na percepção.Palavras-chave: Rashomon. Percepção. Enunciado de fato. Aplicação da norma jurídica. Concretização de direitos.
Conflitos nas relações sociais de trabalho no contexto da nova gestão pública à luz da psicodinâmica do trabalho
Authors: Aguiar Rafaela Gomes , Dos Santos Ana Cristina Batista
Published: December 2017

No texto apresentam-se os resultados de uma pesquisa em que se teve o objetivo de compreender o fenômeno dos conflitos nas relações sociais de trabalho, em organizações públicas, no contexto da Nova Gestão Pública, sob as lentes da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho. A revisão de literatura aborda: as tipologias da administração pública: administração pública patrimonialista, administração pública burocrática, nova gestão pública; a lente teórica da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e suas dimensões constituintes; e os conflitos nas relações de trabalho. Metodologicamente, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, com uso de entrevistas narrativas com 14 servidores da administração direta e da administração indireta de um estado do Nordeste brasileiro. Utilizou-se a técnica da análise dos núcleos de sentido para a compreensão das narrativas. Após a transcrição e categorização das entrevistas, os seguintes temas foram identificados: condições de trabalho, organização do trabalho, relações sociais de trabalho, medo, carga psíquica, doença/saúde, sofrimento/prazer e estratégias de defesa. Concluiu-se que os conflitos originários da relação sujeito-trabalho e das relações sociais, profissionais e afetivas que se desenrolam nos contextos de trabalho sob a Nova Gestão Pública compõem uma fonte de ansiedade, tensão, inquietação, medo e sofrimento, ao mesmo tempo que tal contexto e relações são palco da emergência de dimensões associadas ao prazer, como valorização, satisfação e reconhecimento, confirmando que os constructos prazer e sofrimento operam no real do trabalho de maneira inter-relacionada.Palavras-chave: Administração pública brasileira. Conflitos. Psicodinâmica do Trabalho.
SOBERANIA NACIONAL EM RISCO: uma crá­tica de Belisário Penna á ação da fundação Rockefeller no Brasil (1923)
Authors: DE CARVALHO LEONARDO DALLACQUA
Published: December 2017

Trata-se de uma crá­tica elaborada por Belisário Penna a respeito da atuação da Fundação Rockefeller enquanto interventora nas questões de Saúde Pública do Brasil, mais precisamente no combate á  febre amarela, no ano de 1923. O objetivo da presente investigação é demonstrar como Penna enumerou os problemas de tal intervencionismo para seu interlocutor, o médico e polá­tico Raul Leitão da Cunha, na tentativa de convencê-lo dos perigos da cooperação da filantropia estadunidense tanto numa perspectiva nacionalista como de disputa de técnicas cientá­ficas de combate á  febre amarela.Palavras-chave: Belisário Penna. Raul Leitão da Cunha. Fundação Rockefeller.NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY AT RISK:  a critique of Belisário Penna to the action of the Rockefeller Foundation in Brazil (1923)  Abstract: This is a critique developed by Belisário Penna regarding the role of the Rockefeller Foundation as an intervener in the issues of Public Health in Brazil, specifically, the fight against yellow fever in the year 1923. The objective of this present investigation is to demonstrate how Penna listed the problems of such interventionism to his interlocutor, a doctor and politician, Raul Leitão da Cunha, in an attempt to convince him of the dangers of USA”™s philanthropic cooperation, both as nationalist perspective and as disputed scientific techniques to combat yellow fever.Keywords: Belisário Penna. Raul Leitão da Cunha. Rockefeller Foundation.  SOBERANáA NACIONAL EN RIESGO:  una crá­tica de Belisário Penna a la acción de la fundación Rockefeller en Brasil (1923)  Resumen: Se trata de una crá­tica elaborada por Belisário Penna acerca de la actuación de la Fundación Rockefeller como interventora en las cuestiones de Salud Pública de Brasil, más precisamente en el combate a la fiebre amarilla, en el año 1923. El objetivo de la presente investigación es demostrar como Penna enumeró los problemas de tal intervencionismo para su interlocutor, el médico y polá­tico Raul Leitão da Cunha, en el intento de convencerlo de los peligros de la cooperación de la filantropá­a estadounidense tanto en una perspectiva nacionalista como de disputa de técnicas cientá­ficas de combate a la fiebre amarilla.Palabras clave: Belisário Penna. Raul Leitão da Cunha. Fundación Rockefeller.
A concentrated certificate program incorporating Experiential Education: helping students prepare for a career in the dynamic area of Health Law
Authors: Wolf Leslie E. , Kershner Stacie , Bliss Lisa
Published: December 2017

Law students who wish to practice in the area of health law must acquire knowledge, skills, and values that are necessary for them to have an understanding of the legal issues that challenge lawyers and that prepare them for life-long learning in this rapidly growing and changing industry. This paper explores how a concentrated health law certificate program provides students a focused path through the law curriculum. Not only does the program require students to take a range of health law courses, but students take multiple courses that incorporate experiential learning, including clinics, externships, and other courses that integrate clinical teaching methodology. This article highlights the development of a health law certificate program, designed to guide students through the law curriculum to choose among the most beneficial courses for a health law practice. To identify the necessary courses, health law faculty and health law practitioners first explored the knowledge, skills and values that a successful health law practitioner needs. This article also examines the process of developing and implementing the certificate program.
Deterioro cognitivo por quimioterapia adyuvante en pacientes con cáncer de mama. Una problemática por definir en el Perú.
Authors: Casavilca-Zambrano Sandro A. , Custodio Nilton , Cancino-Maldonado Karina , Liendo-Picoaga Ruddy J. , Vidaurre-Rojas Tatiana
Published: December 2017

El deterioro cognitivo inducido por quimioterapia es un proceso biológico poco entendido; sin embargo, existe evidencia de que podría afectar a pacientes en tratamiento adyuvante por cáncer de mama cuya incidencia varía ampliamente según la población en estudio, el esquema terapéutico aplicado y la metodología utilizada en su evaluación. La presente revisión busca iniciar discusiones sobre la necesidad de generar información en nuestro medio acerca de este trastorno, a fin de plantear estrategias de prevención y control por parte del personal de salud y mejorar la calidad de vida de las pacientes sometidas a este tipo de tratamiento.
¿Realmente existe una “epidemia de depresión”?
Authors: Stucchi-Portocarrero Santiago
Published: December 2017

Desde hace varios años se viene insistiendo sobre un incremento mundial de los trastornos depresivos y ansiosos. Sin embargo, existen argumentos alternativos a la supuesta “epidemia de depresión”: 1) Algunas investigaciones han reportado datos opuestos. 2) El aumento de la expectativa de vida lleva a una mayor cantidad de personas de la tercera edad, más proclives a la depresión. 3) Las personas tienden a olvidar los momentos de aflicción conforme pasa el tiempo, lo cual podría llevar a pensar que las generaciones actuales tienen una mayor prevalencia de vida de trastornos emocionales, y que la edad de inicio se está anticipando. 4) La mayor difusión de los temas de salud mental puede permitir que más personas se atrevan a pedir ayuda para problemas emocionales que mantenían ocultos. 5) Los límites entre la patología mental y la normalidad se han redefinido a lo largo del tiempo, de modo que muchas condiciones antes juzgadas como normales, ahora cumplirían criterios para un diagnóstico psiquiátrico. En suma, no hay duda de que la salud mental merece una atención prioritaria, pero la evidencia a favor de un incremento de trastornos mentales es insuficiente y cuestionable. A lo sumo podría hablarse de una mayor tendencia actual a diagnosticar depresión y ansiedad, y por otro lado, de una auténtica “epidemia” de prescripción de psicofármacos.
A Historical Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery
Authors: Kay Jeffrey , Memon Muzammil , SA Darren de , Simunovic Nicole , Musahl Volker , Fu Freddie H. , Karlsson Jon , Ayeni Olufemi R.
Published: December 2017

Background:

The purpose of this systematic review was to comprehensively assess the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) relating to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Specifically, this review explored factors related to the quality of the RCTs and trends in the quality of reporting over time.

Methods:

The online databases PubMed, Ovid (MEDLINE), and Embase were used to search for all RCTs on the topic of ACL reconstruction from database inception until April 14, 2016. The quality of reporting was evaluated using the Detsky quality index and the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist for reporting trials of nonpharmacologic treatments. A multivariate regression analysis was used to assess predictors of quality reporting.

Results:

The online search yielded 2,933 articles, 412 of which met the inclusion criteria and were assessed for quality of reporting. There was a significant (p < 0.0001) increase in the number of RCTs published over time. The mean Detsky score (and standard deviation) across all included RCTs was 68.9% ± 13.2%. The strongest predictors of quality reporting were the inclusion of a CONSORT flow diagram (β-coefficient, 10.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.45 to 11.61; p < 0.0001) and being published in the year 2009 or later (β-coefficient, 5.2; 95% CI: 3.87 to 6.45; p < 0.0001). The factors demonstrating the greatest improvement over time were the inclusion of a full description of the randomization procedure (p = 0.001) and prospective calculation of the sample size (p = 0.002).

Conclusions:

There has been a significant increase in both the quantity and quality of RCTs relating to ACL reconstruction over time. Specifically, the reporting of a methodologically sound randomization process and prospective calculation of sample size have significantly improved in recent years. However, since the year 2009, the number of trials and reporting in these trials has remained relatively consistent. The use of a CONSORT flow diagram is a strong predictor of high-quality reporting.