bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder
Authors: Ashir Aria , Lombardi Alecio , Jerban Saeed , Ma Yajun , Du Jiang , Y. Chang Eric
Published: September 2020

The aim of this article is to review the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the evaluation of shoulder pain, which is a common clinical complaint of the musculoskeletal system. MRI is an essential auxiliary tool to evaluate these patients because of its high resolution and high sensitivity in depicting the soft tissues. This article will review the imaging technique, normal imaging anatomy, and most common imaging findings of disorders of tendons, labrum, and ligaments of the shoulder. It will also discuss common systemic diseases that manifest in the shoulder as well as disorders of the acromioclavicular joint and bursae. New advances and research in MRI have provided additional potential uses for evaluating shoulder derangements.
Rheumatological aspects of pathogenesis and treatment of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Kalinova Desislava , Rashkov Rasho
Published: September 2020

Contemporary rheumatology is a field dealing with the phenomena of autoimmune states and inflammation. Rheumatic diseases cover a wide spectrum of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, connective tissue and vessels. The occurrence of an immune, autoimmune and autoinflammatory response is often linked to different kinds of infections.

Which aspects of the coronavirus infection relate to rheumatological therapy and practice? In order to answer this question one needs to look at the pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antimalarial drugs may block antigen presentation of the viral peptides from antigen presenting cells, as they may alter the lysosomal proteases that mediate the viral entry in the cells and have demonstrated efficacy in improving the infection. Anti-IL-6 may interfere with cytokine storm in severe cases and use of tocilizumab has had good results in a small cohort. Baricitinib not only plays a role in inhibiting the synthesis of cytokines but it also has a function in suppressing receptor-mediated endocytosis.

The constantly new and tested concepts in the treatment of COVID testify to the growing knowledge about the virus, but also to the need for more targeted therapy. Treatment regimens have been developed for both patients with COVID-19 and those with symptomatic SARS-CoV infection and rheumatic disease. This article is an attempt to discuss the management of COVID-19 and coexisting rheumatic disease.
Competition for Religious Authority and Islamist Mobilization in Indonesia
Authors: Pelletier Alexandre
Published: September 2020

This article seeks to explain variations in the success of Islamist mobilization. It argues that Islamist groups do better where competition for religious authority is intense. These religious "markets" are conducive to Islamist success because they 1) lower the barriers of entry to
new religious entrepreneurs, 2) incentivize established leaders to support Islamist mobilization, and 3) push moderate leaders into silence. The article develops this theory by examining sub-regional variations in Islamist mobilization on the Indonesian island of Java. Using newly collected
data on Java's 15,000 Islamic schools, it compares religious institutions across more than 100 regencies in Java. It also uses dozens of field interviews with Indonesian Islamists and Muslim leaders to show where market structures have facilitated the growth of Islamist groups.
INTEGRATION OF HETEROGENEOUS CORONAVIRUS DISEASE COVID-19 DATA SOURCES USING OGC SENSORTHINGS API
Authors: Santhanavanich T. , Kim C. , Coors V.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The latest coronavirus (namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or COVID-19) was first detected in Wuhan, China, and spread throughout the world since December 2019. To tackle this pandemic, we need a tool to trace and predict trends of COVID-19 at global, national, and regional levels rapidly. Several organizations around the world offer access to COVID-19 related data. However, these data sources are heterogeneous in terms of data formats and protocols as different organizations developed them. To address this issue, a standard way to handle these datasets is needed. In this paper, we propose using the OGC SensorThings API to manage the COVID-19 dataset in a standard form and provide access to the general public. As a proof-of-concept, we implemented a COVID-19 data management platform based on the OGC SensorThings standard named COVID-19 SensorThings or in short COVID-STA. For a use case, we developed a real-time interactive web-based dashboard illustrating the COVID-19 dataset based on the COVID-STA. As a result, we proved that the OGC SensorThings API is suitable to use as a general standard for integrating the heterogeneous COVID-19 data.
“I KNOW HOW YOU FEEL” – PREDICTING EMOTIONS FROM SENSORS FOR ASSISTED PEDELEC EXPERIENCES IN SMART CITIES
Authors: Schneider S. , Dastageeri H. , Rodrigues P. , Coors V.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Emotions are one of the manner humans use to indicate how they feel about a particular event, place or things. To date there is no consensus about the correlation of measured data to an unambiguously defined emotional state. The selection of parameters, their weight and range, which derive at an emotion, are not clearly defined. Especially, if measurements took place outdoors and during a physical activity. This work is based on previous work and focuses on the parameters and methods to classify measured data to an emotional state. We took a closer look to the values, defined ranges for parameters and performed further pre-processing steps. Furthermore, we revised the assignment of an emotion, analyzed the parameter weights and their correlation. Moreover, we compared our previous approach with further Machine Learning (ML) methods. The results are in line with previous work, however, indicate the need for more and heterogeneous data to endorse the outcome. Further results from the parameter analysis suggest an importance of the skin conductance level (SCL) depending on the method used.
DASHBOARDS FOR INPUT-EVALUATION OF POLICY PROGRAMS: LESSONS LEARNED FROM AN ANTWERP DASHBOARD FOR GARDEN STREETS
Authors: Vannieuwenhuyze J.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. There is an ever-growing trend to pursue policies based on evidence-based and data-driven program evaluation research. In order to facilitate such evaluation research, electronic dashboards are increasingly used for translating sources of big and unstructured data into low-level summary visualizations understandable by layman policy-makers. In this paper, we report on the dashboard development process for an input-evaluation of new garden streets in the city of Antwerp. During this process, different lessons were learned. First, developers should start from a clearly defined policy question and analysis units in order to optimize the development process. Second, different types of key performance indicators exist, which should also be well-defined in advance so that appropriate data can be collected. Third, a dashboard should not be restricted to purely objective data-analyses but may also include features that facilitate subjective evaluation guided by assumptions and believes of the dashboard-user. These lessons helped us to make the dashboard requirements of Antwerp more concrete. Likewise, they may help other policy supporting dashboard developers to optimize their development processes.
AN APPROACH ADOPTED FOR SMART DATA GENERATION AND VISUALIZATION PROBLEMS
Authors: Capodiferro C. , Mazzei M.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. This paper discusses how to address and overcome some of the problems related to smart data generation and visualization, such as the poor autonomy of wireless sensor devices and the flexibility of the data management platform. We described the implementation and field experiment of a modular IoT application for Smart-Farming, in which the sensor devices are powered by an on-board battery and the data management system is based on a highly flexible software stack, capable of displaying time series graphs and processing millions of data per second. The experiment shown that the power consumption of the sensor devices depends on many factors and that the lifecycle of the devices can reach years using ultra-low power processors, low power wide area network (LPWAN) such as LoRaWAN and a mix of energy saving techniques. The data management and visualization platform shown to be able to display many types of time-series graphs, deal with a wide variety of data-sources and effectively manage a large amount of data.
CHALLENGES IN DATA-DRIVEN POLICYMAKING: USING SMART CITY DATA TO SUPPORT LOCAL RETAIL POLICIES
Authors: D’Hauwers R. , Borghys K. , Vannieuwenhuyze J. T. A. , Walravens N. , Lievens B.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. In Flanders (Belgium), there is a growing awareness among city administrations and governments to turn their cities into smart cities by transforming their policy decisions into evidence-based and data-driven policymaking. Nonetheless, many Flemish cities still face several challenges related to the integration of data-driven policy evaluation research at different stages of their policy making processes. For that reason, the ‘Smart Retail Dashboard’-project was set up, which aims to develop a dashboard for helping Flemish cities in transforming their retail policies into data-driven policies. This paper reports on the initial findings of this project. The most important finding is the varying degrees of maturity across cities regarding their smart retail policies. This is illustrated by the current state of data-driven policy making in the retail sector in Flanders. Subsequently we provide an overview of the current challenges reported by mature and less mature cities, which range from the cost and the usability of data to the analysis and interpretation of such data. We discuss how a Smart Retail Dashboard could provide answers to these challenges. This discussion helps city administrations to transform their policymaking processes into data-driven processes and dashboard developers to optimise their development processes.
ON THE CHALLENGES OF MOBILITY PREDICTION IN SMART CITIES
Authors: Boukhedouma H. , Meziane A. , Hammoudi S. , Benna A.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The mass of data generated from people’s mobility in smart cities is constantly increasing, thus making a new business for large companies. These data are often used for mobility prediction in order to improve services or even systems such as the development of location-based services, personalized recommendation systems, and mobile communication systems. In this paper, we identify the mobility prediction issues and challenges serving as guideline for researchers and developers in mobility prediction. To this end, we first identify the key concepts and classifications related to mobility prediction. We then, focus on challenges in mobility prediction from a deep literature study. These classifications and challenges are for serving further understanding, development and enhancement of the mobility prediction vision.
TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN URBAN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT: DESIGN OF A SELF-SOVEREIGN BLOCKCHAIN APP
Authors: Balan A. , Alboaie S. , Kourtit K. , Nijkamp P.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. This paper positions blockchain systems in the context of smart city policy. It argues that blockchain technology may be an effective vehicle in coping with corruption and ‘false playing’ in urban public procurement and tendering systems. It presents the design of new app (Self-Sovereign App or SSApp) to avoid corruptive behavior of agents.
AMOC fingerprints influence seasonal SST predictability in the North Atlantic
Authors: Oliveira Julianna C. , Borchert Leonard , Duchez Aurélie , Dobrynin Mikhail , Baehr Johanna
Published: September 2020

Abstract. We investigate the impact of the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) at 26° N on the prediction of North Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) a season ahead. We consider the physical mechanism proposed by Duchez et al. (2016a) and test the dependence of SST predictive skill in initialised hindcasts on the phase of AMOC at 26° N. We use initialised simulations with the MPI-ESM-MR seasonal prediction system. First, we use the assimilation experiment between 1979–2014 to confirm that the AMOC leads a SSTA dipole pattern in the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic, with strongest AMOC fingerprints after 2–4 months. Going beyond previous studies, we find that the AMOC fingerprint has a seasonal dependence, and is sensitive to the length of the observational window used, i.e. stronger over the last decade than for the entire time series back to 1979. We then use a set of ensemble hindcast simulations with 30 members, starting each February, May, August and November between 1982 and 2014. We compare the changes in skill between composites based on the AMOC phase a month prior to each start date to simulations without considering the AMOC phase. We find higher SST hindcast skill at 2–4 months lead time for SSTA composites based on the AMOC phase for February, May and November start dates. Our method shows major benefit for May start dates, where mean summer SST hindcast skill over the subtropics increase by a factor of 2, reaching up to 80 % agreement with ERA-Interim SST.
Techniques to Estimate Colostrum Quality and the Effects of Cow Age and Pre-Partum Supplement Intake Levels on Colostrum Quality and Serum IgG Levels
Authors: Dafoe Julia M , Wyffels Samuel A , Parsons Cory T. , DelCurto Timothy , Boss Darrin L.
Published: September 2020

This study evaluated cow age and supplement intake level during gestation on the quality of colostrum at calving, cow serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels at parturition, and serum IgG levels of the calf 3-days post-partum using two refractometer methods. Forty-five multiparous Angus cows were selected from a contemporary group of 300 cows that were winter grazing northern mixed grass prairie rangelands with free choice protein supplement. Specifically, 15 first service bred cows were selected for each of the following winter grazing supplement intake treatment groups: 1) low supplement intake (> -0.75 SD); 2) average supplement intake (± 0.50 SD); 3) high supplement intake (> +0.75 SD). Supplement intakes were measured using a SmartFeed Pro self-feeder system with 8 feeding units. Measurements were obtained from day 164 to 215 of gestation. Cows were further divided by age comparing young (4, 5, and 6 yr) to old (7, 8 and 9 yr). The results of this study suggest that cow age did not interact with supplement intake for colostrum or blood serum measurements (P ≥ 0.29). In addition, cow age and supplement intake did not influence colostrum Brix %, calf serum total protein, or cow serum total protein taken at birth (P ≥ 0.14). The optical refractometer was found to be a good alternative to the more expensive digital refractometer (P < 0.01; R = .96). In summary, cow age and supplement intake levels of mature cows during the mid to late stages of gestation did not influence colostrum quality at birth.
A curadoria de dados científicos na Ciência da Informação: levantamento do cenário nacional
Authors: Resende Liliane Chaves de , Bax Marcello Peixoto
Published: September 2020

Para a ciência contemporânea, o compartilhamento de dados constitui elemento primordial para seu progresso e colaboração entre comunidades científicas. No contexto da ciência aberta e e-science, a ciência da informação investiga soluções para os desafios do tratamento e uso da informação. O desconhecimento atual da importância das atividades de curadoria digital dos dados científicos e do grau de adesão com esse novo cenário, causam dificuldades para o profissional da informação se adequar nesse contexto e contribuir com soluções para os desafios de curadoria digital. O objetivo da pesquisa é investigar a importância que as atividades de Curadoria digital de dados científicos têm para a área da Ciência da Informação no Brasil, frente à tendência internacional do gerenciamento do conhecimento científico.  A pesquisa segue abordagem quantitativa, é de natureza aplicada e do tipo exploratória e descritiva. Utilizou-se de procedimentos de uma pesquisa com Survey, para obter informações da Curadoria Digital por meio da opinião dos pesquisadores brasileiros da área da Ciência da Informação. As informações analisadas revelam que o campo da Ciência da Informação brasileira está buscando se adaptar nesse cenário. Os dados permitem afirmar, que ainda não há uma conscientização suficientemente assimilada pelos pesquisadores da Ciência da Informação em relação à necessidade de envolvimento mais consciente e comprometido nas atividades de Curadoria Digital. Novas pesquisas são indicadas para aprofundar esta discussão.
Samambaias epífitas em trilhas do Parque Guairacá, município de Paula Freitas, Paraná
Authors: Silva Aysslan José Alves da , Krupek Rogério Antonio
Published: September 2020

Os epífitos desempenham importantes funções ecológicas, e em particular as samambaias, mostram uma diversidade significativa em ambientes florestais, ocupando microambientes específicos e diversos. A diversidade de samambaias epifíticas no estado do Paraná ainda é relativamente pouco conhecida. A região de Paula Freitas, em particular, não apresenta estudos específicos para este grupo de plantas. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve por finalidade avaliar a riqueza de espécies de samambaias epífitas em regiões de trilhas no Parque Municipal Guairacá em Paula Freitas, Paraná. Foram registradas 10 espécies distribuídas em oito gêneros e quatro famílias. A família Polypodiaceae foi a mais rica na área avaliada (oito espécies), reflexo das características morfoanatômicas comuns às espécies da família. Os resultados encontrados contribuem com o reconhecimento das características florísticas e ecológicas de samambaias epífitas ocorrentes no estado do Paraná
O trabalho para mulheres egressas da licença maternidade: (re)pensando as transformações profissionais no contexto de educação
Authors: Andrade Cristiano de Jesus , Praun Luci , Avoglia Hilda Rosa Capelão
Published: September 2020

Este artigo objetiva analisar as percepções de mulheres egressas da licença maternidade sobre o trabalho, bem como compreender que transformações as vivências inerentes à maternagem geram em seus modos de serem trabalhadoras no contexto educacional. Adotou-se como método a pesquisa qualitativa com recorte transversal. Participaram da pesquisa 13 servidoras da área da educação, vinculadas no setor público de um município de Minas Gerais. Como técnica, utilizou de entrevistas semiestruturadas, as quais foram analisadas a partir da teoria dejouriana e de autores que com ela dialogam. Como resultados observou-se a ressignificação das participantes em meio aos conflitos no egresso ao trabalho. As cisões entre espaço doméstico e espaço público, trabalho doméstico e trabalho assalariado, maternidade e trabalho, articulada ao conjunto de conflitos e dificuldades marcaram a separação entre mãe e bebê. Entretanto, o enfrentamento das condições desfavoráveis, os laços coletivos que estas situações puderam proporcionar, assim como as contribuições que a vivência da atividade de cuidado, são compreendidas de modo positivo.
Apolônio de Carvalho: trajetória, memórias e militância política na era do antifascismo (1937-1947)
Authors: Pereira Marco Antônio Machado Lima
Published: September 2020

O objetivo do artigo é analisar a trajetória de Apolônio de Carvalho entre os anos 1937 e 1947, bem como as memórias produzidas pelo personagem sobre este período de sua militância política. Tal contexto foi marcado pela sua adesão ao Partido Comunista do Brasil (PCB) e pela decisão de lutar ao lado dos republicanos no conflito civil espanhol (1936-1939) e, posteriormente, na Resistência francesa contra as potências nazifascistas durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial (1939-1945). Desse modo, o recorte temporal proposto contempla uma década de engajamento do personagem na luta antifascista na Espanha e na França.
“Que sendo de uma indispensável necessidade para a confecção do exército, em que consiste a manutenção e a defesa dos meus reinos”: Notas sobre a nova forma de se fazer recrutas no Império Português (Século XVIII)
Authors: Wagner Ana Paula , Pereira Bruno César
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo propõe analisar um ato oficial da Coroa portuguesa, o Alvará com Força de Lei publicado em 24 de fevereiro de 1764. Este documento buscava alterar as formas de recrutamento para as Tropas Regulares, uma das três forças que compunham a esfera militar do Império Português no período. Além destas novas determinações da Coroa, ainda destacaremos neste texto, entre os artigos do Alvará, as preocupações em delimitar o perfil dos recrutas que ocupariam esta força militar, bem como a existência de estratégias utilizadas por homens em idade militar de se eximir de sentar-praça.
Política militar pombalina: Nas áreas de alto e baixo risco de guerra
Authors: Mello Christiane Figueiredo Pagano de
Published: September 2020

Diante das crescentes tensões vividas na Europa, resultantes da Guerra dos Sete Anos (1756-1763), fazia-se indispensável aumentar a capacidade defensiva tanto no Reino de Portugal, como, também, no Estado do Brasil, sua principal terra colonial. O primeiro-ministro de D. José, Marques de Pombal, lança um ambicioso programa de reformas militares: reparação de fortificações, melhoria do exército regular e reforma das milícias. Pretendemos nesse artigo, fazer uma analise da estratégia “Povoar para Defender” no contexto da segunda metade do século XVIII, mais especificamente no interior da política militar pombalina na região do Macapá, considerada pela administração central um território de risco. Utilizaremos uma perspectiva comparativa das regiões Norte e Centro-sul da América a fim de obter uma compreensão mais ampla da política militar utilizada pela Coroa Lusitana nas suas possessões ultramarina.
Capitão Nestor Borba e o relato de uma viagem pelo interior do Paraná (1897)
Authors: Gruber Tayná , Carvalho Alessandra Izabel de
Published: September 2020

O termo viajante aparece, nos dicionários em geral, como a denominação atribuída simplesmente àquelas pessoas que viajam. Porém, assim como cada jornada possui suas singularidades, cada viajante locomove-se de um lugar a outro com objetivos, aspirações e percepções distintas. Neste artigo, buscamos analisar como os fatores bióticos e abióticos de parte das matas paranaenses foram descritas por Nestor Borba, um capitão brasileiro e morador do Paraná que em sua obra “Descripção ao Salto da Guayra ou Sete Quedas pelo Capitão Nestor Borba – 1897” relata percepções, sentimentos e sensações que obteve ao entrar em contato com diferentes animais, vegetações, lugares e caminhos do estado. O estudo desse material visou contribuir para as discussões sobre como o mundo biofísico brasileiro era redigido por literatos nacionais do período, pautando-se no mundo sensível presente nestes escritos, com ênfase nas percepções sensoriais. Nesse sentido, propõe-se uma análise focalizada nas relações entre o ser-humano e o ambiente, estabelecendo como base teórico-metodológica os preceitos definidos por pensadores da História ambiental.
Determinants of International Foreign Portfolio Investment Flows to GCC Countries: An Empirical Evidence
Authors: Hassan Khayat Sahar
Published: September 2020

The present study focuses on the roles of trade openness, market forces and domestic credit to private sector and infrastructures by documenting the determinants of Foreign Portfolio Investments (FPI) to Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) economies. The determinants of foreign portfolio investment for the period between 2000 and 2018 were estimated by implementing random effects (RE), fixed effects (FE), and GMM methods. The dependent variable was foreign portfolio investment against different independent variables. The results of the study lead to the development of framework through the associated countries in GCC that are mainly focused on attracting additional foreign portfolio investment. The results have clearly showed that there is significant influence of macroeconomic factors on the decision of choosing an investment country by the foreign investor.
Language, Media and Ideology: CDA of an Animation, “The Donkey King”
Authors: Quyyum Afshan , Ali Sikandar , Akash Junaid
Published: September 2020

The present study has looked into the hidden realities and ideologies in an animation “The Donkey King” released on 13th October 2018, by using the English subtitles. This animation seems to be a reminiscent of the Orwellian plot and is a phenomenal depiction of the contemporary political scenario in Pakistan. Realities can be constructed, ideologies can be created and false consciousness can be spread among the common masses by unknown and unseen powers of the society. The research has explicated the hidden realities and ideologies through CDA three-dimensional framework proposed by Norman Fairclough (1989, 1992a, 1993, 1995). Qualitative method with convenient random sampling approach in chronological order has been utilized to carry out the research. CDA is a combination of politics and language use and the study provides a deep insight into the role of cinema, in reality construction. The study concludes that cinema is a powerful tool capable enough to create realities and ideologies among the masses. The study also contains message for all ages that the real king is the savior of the nation no matter which creed or cast he belongs to. The study is significant to bring changes in the society and recommends some practical and useful suggestions to the readers, leaders, viewers of cinema and for the upcoming researchers who can bring a positive change in the society. The main significance of the study lies in creating awareness in the masses for the welfare of a free and open society. Additionally, the current study suggests that critical thinking is crucial for viewers and readers; critical thinking would help them not to easily get triggered by the issues intended by the powerful institutions, in which ideology and power keep important influences. This study filled many gaps and persisted with numerous gaps for upcoming researchers. It is expected that the current study is going to serve a useful reference resource for the researchers in understanding the study about ideology and power in media discourse.
An Empirical Study of Pragmatic Input to Chinese EFL Learners
Authors: Chen Meisong , Li Min , Chen Xinren
Published: September 2020

Pragmatic competence has attracted increasing attention and research in SLA. Most studies, however, are product-oriented rather than input-oriented. A study of the learning targets without the support of findings from the study of the input to the learners would have no sound and reasonable basis. In view of this, we set out to explore the essentials of pragmatic input in structured or unstructured teaching contexts. An experiment was done to show whether pragmatic input to Chinese EFL learners in language teaching and learning is quantitatively and qualitatively sufficient. Findings show that the Chinese EFL learners are in great shortage of pragmatic knowledge and consequently lag behind in the development of pragmatic competence and such shortage is attributable to lack of inadequate pragmatic input. Taking into consideration the results of the present study and those yielded from related research, we propose that the pragmatic input to the learners should be enriched, contextualized and offered explicitly, and the Chinese learners of English are expected to play a more active role in acquiring necessary pragmatic input from all sources in the learning context of modern China.
The Circular Economy approach in architecture – a study of 5 bottom-up cases
Authors: Przepiórkowska Sandra
Published: September 2020

This research is specifically focused on outlining exemplary cases and providing specific data regarding the undertaken design methods and material solutions in order to support the Circular Economy approach in architecture. The study is intended to identify and explain whether the commenced by the private investors processes, methods and material solutions have potential to become standardised design methods in the future. All analysed buildings has been erected throughout years 2018-2020 in Denmark, where the CE is gaining growing attention. Within the five cases were used a variety of methods: material recycling, upcycling, design for disassembly, prefabrication, adaptation. The analysis shows that despite of the up-to-date theoretical background, architects unwillingly incorporate in design new technologies and advanced materials. The identified methods are a result of the actions undertaken by designers, including obtaining post-demolition materials or materials intended for disposal. Due to the complicated process of the material harvesting these solutions are not ready to be implemented in the design process, but they rather require a development of the detailed cooperation with the local authorities and the industry. The summaries provide an overview of the actions introduced to achieve the circularity of the built environment.
Shape optimization of the active element for vibration energy harvesting
Authors: GAIDYS Rimvydas , ŽIŽYS Darius , SKĖRYS Paulius , LUPEIKIENĖ Audronė
Published: September 2020

As the use of renewable energy is increasing exponentially all around the world, the micro energy sources are no different. One of renewable micro energy generator is transducer which can make electricity from the relative displacement present within the system or the mechanical strain. A technique was created to maximize the collection of the electricity generated from a piezoelectric fiber, based on modes of transversal vibration. Created the numerical and computational models of the dynamic element's shape advancement issue. Normal strain top generation was expanded by 49%. The energy rise was 16%. The exploratory stands and strategies were created for the test confirmation of the depicted numerical modeling results. Comes about gotten from the try utilizing the holography method were compared to hypothetically gotten eigen frequencies and mode shapes, and the mistake does not surpass 3%.
Ubi communitas, ibi ius ?
Authors: Belley Jean-Guy
Published: September 2020

La nouvelle revue Communitas a placé les idées de « communauté » et d’« esprit de communion » au centre de son projet. Ce choix éditorial est en résonance avec l’aspiration communautaire qui se constate dans la culture populaire de même qu’avec l’intérêt croissant de la culture savante pour l’interdisciplinarité, voire la transdisciplinarité. Ces sensibilités culturelles peuvent se comprendre comme des réactions dialectiques à la fatigue existentielle et à l’ennui intellectuel causés par l’avancée dans l’hypermodernité sociale, juridique et scientifique. Les chercheurs « droit et société » ont eux-mêmes contribué à la modernisation du droit et à l’engagement de la science juridique dans la voie de l’expertise technique. La critique actuelle de la modernité les invite désormais à concevoir le droit dans une optique communautaire et conviviale, en communion d’esprit avec tous les intellectuels qui réfléchissent aux problèmes contemporains de la normativité.
Reading the epigenetic code for exchanging DNA
Authors: Biot Mathilde , de Massy Bernard
Published: September 2020

Three independent studies show that a protein called ZCWPW1 is able to recognize the histone modifications that initiate the recombination of genetic information during meiosis.
If you build it, they will come: rapid colonization by dragonflies in a new effluent-dependent river reach
Authors: Bogan Michael T. , Eppehimer Drew , Hamdhani Hamdhani , Hollien Kelsey
Published: September 2020

Background

Aquatic ecosystems are greatly altered by urban development, including the complete loss of natural habitat due to water diversions or channel burial. However, novel freshwater habitats also are created in cities, such as effluent-dependent streams that rely on treated wastewater for flow. It is unclear how diverse these novel ecosystems are, or how quickly aquatic species are able to colonize them. In this study, we (1) quantify odonate (Insecta, Odonata) colonization of a novel effluent-dependent river reach, (2) examine how drying events affect odonates in these novel habitats, and (3) explore whether effluent-dependent streams can support diverse odonate assemblages.

Methods

We conducted monthly odonate surveys at three sites along the Santa Cruz River (Tucson, AZ, USA) between June 2019 and May 2020. One site was in a long-established effluent-dependent reach (flowing since the 1970s) that served as a reference site and two sites were in a newly-established reach that began flowing on June 24, 2019 (it was previously dry). We compared odonate species richness, assemblage composition, and colonization patterns across these reaches, and examined how these factors responded to flow cessation events in the new reach.

Results

Seven odonate species were observed at the study sites in the new reach within hours of flow initiation, and species rapidly continued to arrive thereafter. Within 3 months, species richness and assemblage composition of adult odonates were indistinguishable in the new and reference reaches. However, drying events resulted in short-term and chronic reductions in species richness at one of the sites. Across all three sites, we found over 50 odonate species, which represent nearly 40% of species known from the state of Arizona.

Discussion

Odonates were surprisingly diverse in the effluent-dependent Santa Cruz River and rapidly colonized a newly established reach. Richness levels remained high at study sites that did not experience drying events. These results suggest that consistent discharge of high-quality effluent into dry streambeds can be an important tool for promoting urban biodiversity. However, it remains to be seen how quickly and effectively less vagile taxa (e.g., mayflies, caddisflies) can colonize novel reaches. Effluent-dependent urban streams will always be highly managed systems, but collaboration between ecologists and urban planners could help to maximize aquatic biodiversity while still achieving goals of public safety and urban development.
Biological function of Klebsiella variicola and its effect on the rhizosphere soil of maize seedlings
Authors: Yang Lijuan , Yang Kejun
Published: September 2020

Background

Deterioration of the ecological environment in recent years has led to increasing soil salinization, which severely affects the cultivation of agricultural crops. While research has focused on improving soil environment through the application of pollution-free microbial fertilizers, there are relatively few plant growth-promoting bacteria suitable for saline-alkali environments. Although Klebsiella variicola can adapt to saline-alkali environments to successfully colonize rhizosphere microenvironments, only a few studies have investigated its role in promoting crop growth. Its effect on the crop rhizosphere soil microenvironment is especially unclear.

Methods

In this study, the biological function of K. variicola and its colonization in maize seedling rhizosphere soil were studied in detail through selective media and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The effects of K. variicola on the rhizosphere soil microenvironment and the growth of maize seedlings in saline-alkali and neutral soils were systematically analysed using the colorimetric method, the potassium dichromate volumetric method, and the diffusion absorption method.

Results

Our results showed that K. variicola played a role in indole acetic acid, acetoin, ammonia, phosphorus, and potassium production, as well as in nitrogen fixation. A high level of colonization was observed in the rhizosphere soil of maize seedlings. Following the application of K. variicola in neutral and saline-alkali soils, the nutrient composition of rhizosphere soil of maize seedlings increased in varying degrees, more notably in saline-alkali soil. The content of organic matter, alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, alkaline phosphatase, sucrase, urease, and catalase increased by 64.22%, 117.39%, 175.64%, 28.63%, 146.08%, 76.77%, 86.60%, and 45.29%, respectively, insaline-alkalisoil.

Conclusion

K.variicola, therefore, performed a variety of biological functions to promote the growth of maize seedlings and effectively improve the level of soil nutrients and enzymes in the rhizosphere of maize seedlings, undersaline-alkali stress conditions. It played an important role in enhancing the rhizosphere microenvironment of maize seedlings under saline-alkali stress.
Effect of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) and Dichlorvos (2,2-Dichlorovinyl Dimethyl Phosphate DDVP) on Soil Microorganisms
Authors: Bankole S. O. , Oyedeji M. B. , Alagbe O. A. , Chukwudebe E. P. , Olatunji A. O. , Oyewunmi R. V. , Ariwoola O. S.
Published: September 2020

Effects of 2,4-D(2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) and Dichlorvos(2,2-dichlorovinyl dimenthyl phosphate DDVP) were investigated on soil microbial population in a 4 weeks experiment. Soil samples were serially diluted and inoculated using pour plate method on different medium and incubated at 37°C for 24 and 48 hrs for enumeration of microbial diversity, colonies that appeared on plates were counted. At pre-application of 2,4-D, bacteria had the highest population (9.5x107 Cfu), followed by fungi (7.5x105 Cfu ), actinomycetes (1.6x106 Cfu) and protozoa (1.1x103 Cfu). Likewise, the pre-application of DDVP represents the population count of microorganisms in the following manner: Bacteria (8.0x107 Cfu)>fungi (5.1x105 Cfu)>actinomycetes (1.0x106 Cfu)> protozoa (1.0x103 Cfu)f The post-application of 2,4-D and DDVP also had the similar pattern of population count. With percentage difference on each of the microbial counts, 2,4-D of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and protozoa (99.5%, 95.3%, 99.9% and 86.0% respectively), DDVP percentage difference (99.2%, 99.4%, 99.3% and 98.6% respectively). Application of these pesticides at recommended rates was followed by the general decline in microbial counts. Therefore, the pesticides had toxic effects on microorganisms which may be beneficial to cultivated plants.
Impact of Prophylactic Bilateral Central Lymph Nodes Dissection in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma; Short Term Outcome
Authors: Elhelbawy Mohammed Farid , Elgendy Ahmed , Darwish Ahmed Attia , Gad Abd El-Wahhab Hemedah
Published: September 2020

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common thyroid carcinoma. There is a debate on prophylactic removal of central lymph nodes. Some authors advise it to avoid recurrence while other investigators condemn it due to its higher risk of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and/or hypoparathyroidism.

Aim of the Work: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and morbidity of central lymph nodes dissection during total thyroidectomy in the management of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Patients and Methods: Twelve patients were confirmed by histopathological evaluation to have papillary thyroid examination. Total thyroidectomy was done through transverse neck incision followed by removal of bilateral central group of lymph nodes. Patients were examined postoperatively for recurrent laryngeal nerve injury or hypoparathyroidism. Follow up was done 6 months later with neck ultrasonography, thyroglobulin and antithyroglobulin antibodies.

Results: Thirty four percent of the studied cases proved to have lymph nodes metastasis. temporary hypocalcemia occurred in only one patient in this study and was temporary. Recurrent laryngeal nerve affection happened in 17% of the studied cases and was reversible by medical treatment. No evidence of recurrence happened in the first 6 months after operation.

Conclusion: The risk of postoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve injury or hypoparathyroidism is minimal after prophylactic CLND. Postoperative hypocalcemia and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury are usually reversible.
Tripartite transporters as mechanotransmitters in periplasmic alternating‐access mechanisms
Authors: Murakami Satoshi , Okada Ui , van Veen Hendrik W.
Published: September 2020

To remove xenobiotics from the periplasmic space, Gram‐negative bacteria utilise unique tripartite efflux systems in which a molecular engine in the plasma membrane connects to periplasmic and outer membrane subunits. Substrates bind to periplasmic sections of the engine or sometimes to the periplasmic subunits. Then, the tripartite machines undergo conformational changes that allow the movement of the substrates down the substrate translocation pathway to the outside of the cell. The transmembrane (TM) domains of the tripartite resistance‐nodulation‐drug‐resistance (RND) transporters drive these conformational changes by converting proton motive force into mechanical motion. Similarly, the TM domains of tripartite ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters transmit mechanical movement associated with nucleotide binding and hydrolysis at the nucleotide‐binding domains to the relevant subunits in the periplasm. In this way, metabolic energy is coupled to periplasmic alternating‐access mechanisms to achieve substrate transport across the outer membrane.
The cruciform DNA‐binding protein Crp1 stimulates the endonuclease activity of Mus81–Mms4 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Phung Huong Thi Thu , Tran Diem Hong , Nguyen Ta Xuan
Published: September 2020

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mus81–Mms4 complex is a highly conserved DNA structure‐specific endonuclease that plays essential roles in the processing of recombination intermediates that arise during the repair of stalled replication forks and double‐stranded breaks. To identify novel factors functioning conjointly with Mus81–Mms4, we performed a biochemical screen and found that Crp1, a cruciform DNA‐recognizing protein that specifically binds to DNA four‐way junction structures, could stimulate the Mus81–Mms4 endonuclease. The specific protein interaction between Mus81–Mms4 and Crp1 was responsible for the stimulation observed. Multicopy expression of Crp1 could partially rescue the sensitivity to DNA‐damaging agents of the sgs1∆mus81∆21‐24N mutant. Our results provide insight into the functional role and interaction of Crp1 with other proteins involved in DNA repair.
Dissecting the transactivation domain (tAD) of the transcription factor c‐Myb to assess recent models of tAD function
Authors: Næs Guro , Storesund Jan Ove , Udayakumar Priyanga‐Dina , Ledsaak Marit , Gabrielsen Odd Stokke
Published: September 2020

Transcription factors use a DNA‐binding domain to localize their action and a transactivation domain (tAD) to stimulate activation of the associated gene. Recent work has renewed interest in how tADs activate genes, which remains poorly understood. Key features in the new models are exposure of short linear motifs (SLMs) and liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). Inspired by the new models for tAD function, we decided to revisit the tAD of the haematopoietic transcription factor c‐Myb by performing a mutational analysis to see how these new models fit and potentially explain the tAD behaviour of this master regulator. We know that c‐Myb has an acidic tAD, which contains a well‐characterized SLM in the form of a LxxLL motif. By testing 12 alanine‐scanning mutants and three mutants with major reorganization of its tAD in two mammalian reporter systems, we found a pattern of effects very close to what would be expected from the SLM‐exposure model, with strong effects exerted by both acidic replacements and SLM mutation. When the same mutants were tested in a yeast system, the pattern of effects was dramatically different, with the SLM mutation exerting no effect, and tAD behaviour was much less affected by small alterations, as would be expected from a LLPS model. These observations are discussed in the light of the two new tAD models, and a two‐step hypothesis for transactivation, combining both models, is proposed.
Re‐defining the clinicopathological spectrum of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease
Authors: Chen Hao , Lu Likui , Wang Bin , Cui Guiyun , Wang Xingqi , Wang Yujing , Raza Hafiz Khuram , Min Yan , Li Keke , Cui Yingying , Miao Zhigang , Wan Bo , Sun Miao , Xu Xingshun
Published: September 2020

Background

The rapidly increasing case reports revealed that neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) had concomitant other system symptoms besides nervous system symptoms. In this study, we systematically evaluated the symptoms, signs, auxiliary examination, and pathological changes in different systems in NIID patients.

Methods

NIID patients were confirmed by examining GGC repeats in the NOTCH2NLC gene. Clinical data of NIID patients including symptoms, signs, and auxiliary examinations were collected for analysis. Ubiquitin and p62 were detected in different tissues from previous surgical samples.

Results

Fifty‐one NIID patients from 17 families were included in this study. Except neurological symptoms, clinical manifestations from other systems were very notable and diverse. The proportions of different system symptoms were 88.2% in nervous system, 78.4% in respiratory system, 72.5% in circulatory system, 72.5% in locomotor system, 66.7% in urinary system, 64.7% in digestive system, 61.5% in reproductive system, and 50.0% in endocrine system. In addition, other common symptoms included sexual dysfunction (43.1%), pupil constriction (56.9%), blurred vision (51.0%), and hearing loss (23.5%). Ubiquitin and p62‐positive cells were found in different tissues and systems in 24 NIID patients with previous surgery. Initial symptoms of NIID and median onset age in different systems also revealed system heterogeneity of NIID.

Interpretation

For the first time, we systematically demonstrated that NIID is a heterogeneous and systemic neurodegenerative disease by providing clinical and pathological evidence. In addition to the nervous system, the clinical symptomatic and pathological spectrum of NIID has been extended to almost all systems.
Copper‐Based Corrole as Thermally Stable Hole Transporting Material for Perovskite Photovoltaics
Authors: Agresti Antonio , Berionni Berna Beatrice , Pescetelli Sara , Catini Alexandro , Menchini Francesca , Di Natale Corrrado , Paolesse Roberto , Di Carlo Aldo
Published: September 2020

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represent nowadays a promising starting point to develop a new efficient and low‐cost photovoltaic technology due to the demonstrated power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 25% on small area devices. However, best reported devices suffer from stability issue under real working conditions thus slowing down the race for the commercialization. In particular, the hole transporting material commonly employed in mesoscopic n–i–p PSCs (nip‐mPSCs), namely spiro‐OMeTAD, is strongly corrupted when subjected to temperatures above 70 °C due to intrinsic thermal instability and because of the dopant employed to improve the hole mobility. In this work, the novel use of a copper‐based corrole as HTM is proposed to improve the device thermal stability of nip‐mPSCs under prolonged 85 °C stress conditions. Corrole‐based devices show remarkable PCE above 16% by retaining more than 65% of the initial PCE after 1000 h of thermal stress, while spiro‐OMeTAD cells abruptly lose more than 60% after the first 40 h. Once scaled‐up to large area modules, the proposed device structure can truly represent a possible way to pass thermal stress tests proposed by IEC‐61646 standards and, not less importantly, the high temperature required by the lamination process for panel production.
Formal [3+2] Annulation of Copper‐Allenylidenes with 3‐Oxo‐3‐Arylpropanenitriles: Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Furans
Authors: Zhong De , Jiang Feng , Shen Siyong , Wang Lan , Wang Wei , Wu Yongjun , Xiao Yumei , Guo Hongchao
Published: September 2020

The copper‐catalyzed decarboxylative [3+2] annulation of ethynyl benzoxazinanones with 3‐oxo‐3‐arylpropanenitriles has been developed, producing tetrasubstituted furan derivatives in moderate to high yield. This reaction was generally compatible with a wide range of substrates. Notably, the intermediate copper‐allenylidenes worked as a C2 synthon in the cycloaddition reaction.

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