bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complexity, Uncertainty, and Monetary Policy: Can the ECB Avoid the Unconventional Becoming the ‘New Normal’?
Authors: Hartwell Christopher A.
Published: November 2019

Worries about Italy and the unresolved issue of euro governance – coupled with uncertainty surrounding Brexit – means that the European Central Bank (ECB) may already be facing its next crisis in the euro area. Unfortunately, the ECB is still fighting the last war, deploying the tools of unconventional monetary policy to address lingering problems while unable institutionally to address needed structural change. This paper looks at the ECB as an institution amongst institutions and shows how even more unconventional approaches will not help to bolster the economy of the euro area. Indeed, given the complexity of money, the effects of expectations, and continued uncertainty, expanding the ECB’s unconventional arsenal is likely to have deleterious consequences across Europe.
Experience of bullying among Bhutanese college students: implications for teacher formation programmes
Authors: Choden Ugyen , Sherab Kezang , Howard John
Published: November 2019

Bullying in schools and colleges/universities has significant negative impacts on individuals and learning environments. Much of the evidence comes from school studies. This study, the first of its kind in Bhutan, explores the experience of bullying among college students. The study employed a self-administered survey to a representative sample of 2471 (male = 1242 and female = 1191) college students with mean age 21.5 years, from eight of the 11 college campuses across Bhutan. The findings indicate that bullying is not an uncommon experience amongst the college students; both as victims and victimizers. Implications for relevant stakeholders in Bhutan, and elsewhere, and recommendations to address the issues are presented, especially as they relate to teacher formation (teacher training programs). Although teacher formation is largely dependent on a pre-service teacher’s beliefs and prior learning experiences, teacher preparation programs play a vital role. Recommendations for further research are also provided.
Perceptions of Terrorism and Counterterrorism: Fear, Risk and the 2016 Trump Effect
Authors: Brogan Michael , Rusciano Frank Louis , Thompson Victor , Walden Kayla
Published: November 2019

Our study examines respondents’ perceptions of terrorism and counterterrorism in the USA during the 2016 presidential campaign. It does so by conducting an experiment where a group of respondents were randomly assigned to a vivid example of a terrorist attack and another group did not receive this treatment. The study’s results find opposing individual perceptions of the job government is doing to protect the country from terrorism and on differences among respondents as to the root causes of terrorism. Our research points to one explanation of this difference: Americans feel there is little they can do about terrorism and though the government is working to protect the nation, the public feels the government cannot stop, only prevent, terrorist acts from occurring. This causes the public to shift their perceptions of terrorism away from questions of efficient public policy responses to one of values. The experiment suggests heightened levels of fear among 2016 Trump voters who received the treatment compared to both Republican voters and Clinton supporters, though control and treatment groups also showed variation. Finally, this work highlights a major challenge for counter-terrorism policymakers in dealing with a highly polarized public. Recent electoral campaigns have demonstrated that politicians are actively trying to politicize terrorism. This work provides evidence that these efforts are resonating among the public. The danger of politicizing terrorism is that it blocks efforts to find common ground, between polarized groups in society in keeping the nation safe.
Could the literature on the economic determinants of sanctions be biased?
Authors: Bergeijk Peter A.G. van , Demena Binyam A. , Reta Alemayehu , Jativa Gabriela Benalcazar , Kimararungu Patrick
Published: December 2019

The economic theory on economic sanctions gives strong indications that success depends positively on pre-sanction trade linkage and prior relations and negatively on sanction duration. However, the empirical literature has not arrived at consensus regarding these factors. Our research puzzle is the observation that despite more than three decades of empirical research on economic sanctions no consensus has yet emerged on the sign and significance of the impact of the key variables that theoretically determine the success of economic sanctions. In our research we explore reasons for the heterogeneity of the findings in the literature and the persistence nature of the debate.
Stability and Degradation Mechanismof Si-based Photocathodes for Water Splitting with Ultrathin TiO2 Protection Layer
Authors: Ronge Emanuel , Cottre Thorsten , Welter Katharina , Smirnov Vladimir , Ottinger Natalie Jacqueline , Finger Friedhelm , Kaiser Bernhard , Jaegermann Wolfram , Jooss Christian
Published: December 2019

Using transmission and scanning electron microscopy, we study mechanisms which determine the stability of Silicon photocathodes for solar driven water splitting. Such tandem or triple devices can show a promising stability as photocathodes if the semiconductor surface is protected by an ultrathin TiO2 protection layer. Using atomic layer deposition (ALD) with Cl-precursors, 4–7 nm thick TiO2 layers can be grown with high structural perfection. The layer can be electrochemically covered by Pt nanoparticels serving as electro-catalysts. However, Cl-remnants which are typically present in such layers due to incomplete oxidation, are the origin of an electrochemical degradation process. After 1 h AM1.5G illumination in alkaline media, circular shaped corrosion craters appear in the topmost Si layer, although the TiO2 layer is intact in most parts of the crater. The crater development is stopped at local inhomogenities with a higher Pt coverage. The observations suggests that reduced Titanium species due to Cl−/O2− substitution are nucleation sites of the initial corrosion steps due to enhanced solubility of reduced Ti in the electrolyte. This process is followed by electrochemical dissolution of Si, after direct contact between the electrolyte and the top Si layer surface. To increase the stability of TiO2 protected photocathodes, formation of reduced Ti species must be avoided.
Optical granulometry of coarse aggregates and sediments
Authors: Matič Maja , Bezak Nejc , Matjaž Mikoš
Published: December 2019

In order to determine the granularity of the material, image analysis may be used instead of traditional methods such as sieving. Data on granulometry is important in the water management sector for several practical applications, such as calculation of sediment transport capacity in watercourses, design of hydraulic structures, or modeling of debris flows. The WipFrag and Basegrain programs were tested on the case study of the Belca rockfall and the Sava Dolinka River’s gravel bar near the village of Mojstrana. In both cases, multiple images were taken from different heights and sieve analysis was performed. The results of both programs were compared with the results of the sieving analysis. The results showed that WipFrag yielded more comparable results with the sieving analysis than Basegrain. WipFrag gave slightly better results in the case of the Belca rockfall than in the case of the river gravel bar. The Basegrain program, on the other hand, produced similarly comparable results in both case studies. In most cases, both programs underestimated the grain size compared to the results of the sieving analysis. In some cases, the relative differences were close to 100%. On the other hand, the selected statistical test did not show a statistically significant difference between the results of the sieving analysis and the results of the image analysis in both of the programs. Optimal image analysis results were obtained from images taken from the height of about 1.5-2 m, which means that we suggest that photos of aggregates, fluvial sediments, and erosion material should be taken from a height of approximately ten times the maximum grain size.
Orientación y diversidad: Por una educación valiosa para todos y todas
Authors: Artavia Aguilar Cindy , Fallas Vargas Manuel Arturo
Published: December 2019

Recibido 15 de marzo de 2012 •  Corregido 10 de noviembre de 2012 • Aceptado 07 de noviembre de 2012En una sociedad altamente cambiante y compleja, llena de desafíos en todos los ámbitos, es fundamental plantearnos nuevos paradigmas educativos que respondan a las necesidades de las diversas poblaciones. En este escrito presentamos una reflexión sobre la disciplina de la orientación y el propósito de asumir este reto con  responsabilidad, con ética y  con un posicionamiento crítico de las realidades sociales. Se reflexiona sobre la capacidad de crear espacios inclusivos para todos los seres humanos; donde se retome la educación inclusiva como un paradigma emergente dentro de la cultura de la diversidad y se refleje su aplicación, de forma directa, en la cotidianidad de esta labor.
Autopercepción de competencias genéricas de egresados de Odontología año 2016-2017, de una universidad privada, en Lima-Perú
Authors: Pachas-Barrionuevo Flor , Sueng-Navarrete Lola , Vásquez-Alva Jorge , Mormontoy-Laurel Wilfredo
Published: December 2019

Objetivo. Evaluar la autopercepción de los egresados de Odontología en cuanto al logro de las competencias genéricas al término de la formación profesional. Métodos. Enfoque cuantitativo, diseño descriptivo y transversal. Se aplicó una encuesta estructurada conformada por tres dimensiones, dirigida a 137 egresados periodo 2016-2017. Se estableció cuatro niveles de logro de la competencia (N1, N2, N3 y N4). Resultados. El compromiso con el desarrollo personal y profesional; el compromiso y responsabilidad con el entorno social y medio ambiente, así como la demostración de comportamiento y compromiso ético fueron las competencias más reportadas en el nivel 4, con valores 83,9%, 81,8% y 79,6% respectivamente. Un 54% de los egresados considera se encuentra en un nivel 3 respecto a la competencia “resuelvo problemas con rigor científico”. Las competencias reportadas en el nivel 2, fueron: comunicación en inglés en situaciones y temáticas cotidianas (26,3%), comunicación escrita (7,3%), uso de tecnologías de información y comunicación (7,3%). Ningún egresado reportó encontrarse en el nivel 1. Conclusiones. En la dimensión trabajo grupal y académico, la competencia de tecnologías de información y comunicación, y dominio de idioma no lograron ser auto percibidas como logradas en la mayoría de egresados a un nivel 4. Igualmente, en la dimensión de relaciones interpersonales, la competencia de comunicación tanto oral como escrita no fue percibida como lograda en el máximo nivel.
Presentación inusual de cavidad ósea de Stafne: estudio mediante tomografía computarizada y resonancia magnética
Authors: Hernández-Andara Adalsa , Ortega-Pertuz Ana Isabel , Saavedra Juan , Gómez Marcos , Villarroel-Dorrego Mariana
Published: December 2019

La cavidad ósea de Stafne (CS) ha sido descrita como una radiolucencia oval, de bordes definidos y corticalizados, localizada por debajo del conducto mandibular entre el primer molar y el ángulo de la mandíbula. Casos atípicos de presentación de la cavidad en forma lobulada con márgenes irregulares, escleróticos o incompletos, así como una localización inusual requieren el empleo de métodos imagenológicos que posibiliten realizar un diagnóstico diferencial, evitando un procedimiento invasivo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir un caso de CS en un paciente masculino de 74 años de edad, con antecedente de cáncer de próstata. Las imágenes de tomografía computarizada de haz cónico evidenciaron una cavidad abierta hacia la tabla lingual por debajo del conducto mandibular. Las imágenes de resonancia magnética y tomografía computarizada multicorte permitieron identificar el contenido del defecto, identificado en ambos métodos imagenólogicos como tejido adiposo. El examen radiográfico de una CS de aspecto atípico debe ser complementado con estudios tomográficos y de resonancia magnética, estos proporcionan información relevante para el diagnóstico definitivo, limitando la realización de una exploración quirúrgica. En el caso clínico presentado, la caracterización de la extensión del defecto, su relación con los dientes y estructuras vecinas, así como la identificación del contenido permitieron descartar la presencia de una metástasis de cáncer de próstata.
Efficacy of fixed dose of triple combination of perindopril-indapamide-amlodipine in obese patients with moderate-to-severe arterial hypertension: an open-label 6-month study
Authors: Koval Sergiy M. , Snihurska Iryna O. , Starchenko Tetyana G. , Penkova Marina Yu. , Mysnychenko Olga V. , Yushko Kostyantin O. , Lytvynova Olga M. , Vysotska Olena , Berezin Alexander E.
Published: December 2019

Background: Arterial hypertension (AH) remains the most common cardiovascular (CV) risk factor worldwide.

Methods: Seventy five moderate-to-severe hypertensive patients with abdominal obesity aged from 48 to 66 years (45/30 men and women respectively) were selected from the entire cohort (n = 375) according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were divided into two subgroups depending on the arm of antihypertensive therapy lines. The first subgroup of patients (n = 36) received a non-fixed combination of oral antihypertensive agents: perindopril (4–8 mg daily), indapamide (1.25–2.5 mg daily) and amlodopine (5–10 mg daily). The second subgroup of patients (n=39) received fixed-dosed combination of these antihypertensive agents aforementioned in the ranged doses (4 mg/1.25mg/5 mg; 4 mg/1.25mg/10 mg; 8 mg/2.5 mg/5 mg; 8 mg/2.5mg/10 mg) in the same manner. The examinations of the clinical status, office, and ambulatory blood pressure values were carried out at baseline in 3 and 6 months after study entry.

Results: The frequencies of BP target levels after treatment were higher in the fixed-dose combination group than in the non-fixed combination (at 3 months: 80% versus 58%, p<0.05 and at 6 months: 85% versus 53%, p<0.05). The adherence to triple fixed-dose combination was also higher in comparison with one to non-fixed combination (at 3 months: 82% versus 64%, p<0.05 and at 6 months: 87% versus 61%, p<0.05). It has been established that low-dose of perindopril/indapamide/amlodopine (4mg/1.25/10mg and 8mg/2.5/5mg) were used frequently in fixed-dose combination cohort of patients than in non-fixed combination (15% versus 0%, P<0.05, and 33% versus 19%, p<0.05, respectively). At the same time, maximum doses of these agents (8mg/2.5mg/10mg) were required for achieving target BP levels in a significantly lower proportion of patients receiving fixed-dose combination as compared to patients receiving non-fixed combination (52% versus 81%, p<0.05). Additionally, the triple fixed-dose combination has proved to be better in restoring ambulatory blood pressure monitoring profile than non-fixed combination.

Conclusion: Achievement of target blood pressure levels in patients with uncontrolled arterial hypertension and abdominal obesity was possible at lower doses of perindopril, indapamide, and amlodipine when used as a fixed-dose combination rather than non-fixed (free) combination.
Azonnali visszajelző rendszer bevezetése a kézhigiéné gyakorlatába intenzív osztályon
Authors: Mogyoródi Bence , Szabó Marcell , Dunai Erzsébet , Mester Bianka , Hermann Csaba , Gál János , Iványi Zsolt
Published: December 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Infections affect about 30–50% of intensive care unit patients resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality. Multimodal interventions proved to be successful in the prevention of healthcare-associated infections. Appropriate hand hygiene including correct disinfection technique and timing is essential. Aim: The aim of our study was to investigate the hand hygiene practice among the intensive care unit healthcare workers by immediate feedback system implementation and compliance study. Method: A 3-week-long observational study was conducted at the Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Semmelweis University, during November and December, 2018. Data regarding hand hygiene technique were collected by using the Semmelweis Scanner technology, while compliance data were recorded by direct observations. Statistical analysis was performed by Kruskal–Wallis test, Fisher’s exact test and χ2-test. Results: 604 measurements were recorded by the electronic system. Hand disinfection was appropriate in 86.5% of cases. The median value of coverage was 99.87%. The trend of these indices showed persistently high values. A lower error rate was observed in the physiotherapy group compared to others (doctors: p<0.01, nurses: p = 0.03, assistant nurses: p = 0.03). 162 opportunities were recorded during direct observations. The mean compliance rate was 60.49%, with the lowest among doctors (53.97%). The difference was non-significant compared to nurses (62.92%, p = 0.26). Conclusions: Hand hygiene technique during the study period was found to be highly and permanently appropriate, while compliance was lower than expected. The immediate feedback system may be useful in achieving appropriate hand disinfection technique, although further interventions are needed for higher compliance rates. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(49): 1957–1962.
Coronariasebészet csecsemő- és gyermekkorban. A szívsebészet új ága?
Authors: Hartyánszky István , Bogáts Gábor
Published: December 2019

Abstract:

Introduction and aim: Pediatric coronary artery surgery for congenital heart disease has become increasingly important in newborns and infants. It is life-saving in unsuccessful coronary transfer surgery, injury of coronary artery during surgery, in pediatric coronary artery bypass surgery (PCABS) due to acquired Kawasaki disease. Method: We review the current surgical role of congenital and acquired coronary artery diseases in newborns and infants. Results: The 7 main challenges are: 1) anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery; 2) different variations of the origins of the coronary arteries in transposition of the great arteries (TGA); 3) acute and late coronary events in the arterial switch operation for TGA; 4) complications after coronary transfer procedures: Ross-, Nikaidoh operation; 5) inadvertent coronary artery injury during heart surgery; 6) Kawasaki disease; 7) coronary artery procedures in premature infants. Direct coronary reimplantation in most, surgical angioplastic procedures in selected patients is the first choice; however, PCABS with internal thoracic artery (ITA) grafts can be life-saving in emergency or severe myocardial hypoperfusion conditions. Since the patency of saphenous vein grafts is poorer than that of ITA grafts, their use should be avoided in growing children. The procedures can be performed safely in neonates and infants, using high-power magnifying glasses or a surgical microscope. Conclusion: Pediatric coronary artery surgery technique is now established as the standard safety surgical choice, as a new area in cardiac surgery. Congenital heart surgeons after proper training are able to use coronary transfer and bypass surgery safely even in premature babies. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(49): 1935–1940.
A 2014 és 2018 között osztályos ellátást igénylő szemsérülések klasszifikációja a Markusovszky Egyetemi Oktatókórházban
Authors: Németh Orsolya , Bátor György
Published: December 2019

Abstract:

Introduction and aim: To analyse and classify the ocular trauma cases at the in-patient ophthalmological department of the Markusovszky University Teaching Hospital between 2014 and 2018. Method: We analysed the eye injury cases between 01. 01. 2014 and 31. 12. 2018 in the in-patient clinic of our hospital. 98 eyes of 97 patients were included in this study. To classify the injuries, we used the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology (BETT) and the new expanded classification of Shukla et al. Results: From the 97 patients, 16 were female and 81 male. The average age was 43.3 ± 22.5 (min.: 3, max.: 92) years; 20 patients were younger than 18 years old. 46.4% of the cases were right eyes, 52.5% were left eyes, and 1% was bilateral. The average time from the injury until the treatment was 1.3 days. The average time spent in hospital because of the injury was 5.2 days. The average observation time was 9.7 months. 95.8% of the injuries were mechanical eye injuries. From this group, 74.2% localized only to the globe, 20.4% were adnexal injuries and 5.4% were destructive eye injuries. From the globe injuries, 15 were closed globe, 60 were open globe injuries, and in 21 cases there were intraocular foreign body present. In 93% of the cases it was possible to keep or improve the best corrected visual acuity during the treatment. Conclusion: With the new classification, we could classify all of the eye injury cases easily. Depending on the type of the eye injury, with appropriate treatment we can keep or improve the visual function of the eye. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(49): 1941–1947.
MENAKAR KEBIJAKAN FULL DAY SCHOOL (Studi Analisis Permendikbud No 23 Tahun 2017)
Authors: Miftah Muhammad
Published: November 2019

The full day school policy stipulated in the regulation of Education

and Culture Minister (Permendikbud) Number 23 of 2017 makes

the anxiety for the education activists who are not ready for the

consequences of this regulation. The anxiety of these educational

activists began to disappear when Permendikbud No. 23 of

2017 was abolished by a higher regulation, namely Presidential

Regulation (Perpres) No. 87 of 2017 which asserted that the

five-day school is an option rather than an obligation. In this

Presidential Decree, there is a gap for educational institutions to

run the school hours in accordance with Permendikbud No. 23

of 2017. It becomes interesting to be investigated in the realm of

educational policy. This study analyzes how the emergence of a

policy in education, how to implement and evaluate the policies

that have been applied especially Permendikbud No 23 of 2017

about school hours, because there are still schools and madrasah

that use school hours in accordance with this permendikbud.
On the Importance of the Philosophy of Well-being
Authors: Kwarciński Tomasz
Published: December 2019

Objective: A weak approach to well-being policy means that government’s goal should be to choose policies that make people better off over those that make them worse off, with other things being equal. The question is what kind of underlying assumptions should be fulfilled to achieve this goal. In particular, do policymakers have to agree on some substantive theory of well-being, like hedonism or objective list theory, or persist in choosing the formal preference satisfaction theory of well-being? According to Haybron and Tiberius (Well-being Policy: What Standard of Well-being?, “Journal of the American Philosophical Association” 2015, vol. 1, no 4), we can avoid raising such questions by drawing a strict distinction between the varieties of concepts or theories of well-being and policy processes aiming at promoting the well-being of citizens. They claim that such policies are “justified only when they are grounded in the conceptions of the well-being of those on whose behalf policy is being made”, and call this approach “pragmatic subjectivism” (p. 713). From their reasoning it follows that policymakers need not develop the appropriate concept of well-being, but can leave it to citizens to choose. The paper examines Haybron and Tiberius’ proposal and defends the claim that while theoretically we can avoid discussing the concept of well-being when we follow pragmatic subjectivism, we cannot do this in practice.Research Design & Methods: The paper uses an argument analysis.Findings: One way or another we will have to move in the direction of purely formalistic preference satisfaction theory or some substantive approaches like hedonism or objectivism. If we do not want to take for granted the incoherent intuitive concepts of well-being people hold, and because “well-being” is a normative concept, we have to develop philosophical theories of well-being that openly reveal their strengths and weaknesses.Implications / Recommendations: To facilitate the process of political decision-making, philosophically informed measures of well-being are needed. To a certain extent, those measures already exist, and they are widely applied by policymakers, e.g., GDP per capita, the Human Development Index or various happiness / subjective well-being indices. However, they seem to be either insufficient or purely philosophically informed.Contribution: The paper contributes to the development of the analysis of well-being and measures its philosophical underpinnings.
Rising Income Inequalities – the Causes of and Consequences for Long-term Growth
Authors: Sordyl Marta
Published: December 2019

Objective: The objective of the paper is to identify the channels through which income inequalities affect the short-term economic situation and long-term growth.Research Design & Methods: As initial research, the analysis is based on a literature review. Over the course of the review, this hypothesis was verified: inequalities have a negative impact on GDP growth rates and economic stability.Findings: The paper explains mechanisms through which inequalities affect aggregate demand, output and accumulation, accentuating immanent threats of income disparities, such as rising debt burdens (both private and public) and current-account imbalances.Implications / Recommendations: A policy alternative is proposed in the form of a wage-led growth strategy. This will strengthen the position of workers in the economy and thus allow the wage share to grow at least apace with productivity gains.Contribution: The concept of wage-led growth is rarely discussed in the mainstream literature and deserves more attention.
Phylogenetic and Morphological Analyses Support the Resurrection of Dendroconche and the Recognition of Two New Genera in Polypodiaceae Subfamily Microsoroideae
Authors: Testo Weston L. , Field Ashley R. , Sessa Emily B. , Sundue Michael
Published: November 2019

Abstract—The taxonomy of the Polypodiaceae subfamily Microsoroideae is highly problematic, especially with respect to the circumscription of the highly variable and non-monophyletic genus Microsorum. Using phylogenetic analyses and morphological evidence, we
demonstrate that sixteen taxa typically treated in the genera Microsorum and Colysis are not closely related to those groups and instead belong to three clades that are successive sister groups to the Old-World ant-fern genus, Lecanopteris. We use the available genus name
Dendroconche for one of these clades and propose the new genera Bosmania and Zealandia to accommodate the remaining two groups. We provide a description and identify morphological synapomorphies for each of the genera, make new combinations and designate
lectotypes where necessary, and present keys and descriptions for all relevant species. We also discuss the evolution of ant-fern associations in the lecanopteroid ferns and highlight the need for additional taxonomic work in the subfamily. The following new combinations are provided: Bosmania
lastii, B. leandriana, B. membranacea, Dendroconche ampla, D. latilobata, D. linguiforme, D. sayeri, D. scandens,
D. varians, Zealandia novae-zealandiae, Z. powellii, Z. pustulata, Z. pustulata subsp. howensis, and Z. vieillardii.
Highlights from 10+ Years of Lichenological Research in Great Smoky Mountains National Park: Celebrating the United States National Park Service Centennial
Authors: Tripp Erin A. , Lendemer James C.
Published: November 2019

Abstract—Great Smoky Mountains National Park is renowned as one of the most biologically diverse tracts of land in North America and is the most visited national park in the United States. The park comprises ∼830 square miles, epitomizes eastern temperate hardwood
forests of North America, and serves as a refuge for nearly 20,000 documented species from microbes to plants and mammals. Lichens comprise one particularly diverse group of organisms in the park. In this study, we review data from our 11 years of lichenological research in Great Smoky Mountains
National Park. Based on approximately 6,000 new field collections generated, the park checklist now includes 920 species, a 129% increase over estimates made two decades ago. Nearly a quarter of the lichens reported in the park are known from only a single occurence whereas only 7% of the
lichens are known from 20 or more occurences. An assessment of commonness/rarity for all 920 species indicates that nearly half of the park's lichens should be considered to be infrequent, rare, or exceptionally rare. We assessed the distributions of all 920 species and found that 54 are endemic
to the southeastern United States, 30 are endemic to the southern Appalachians, and eight occur nowhere else than within the confines of the national park. We discuss biogeographical affinities of the park's lichen biota as a whole, delimiting six regional “floristic” connections.
Our 11 years of research have resulted in the discovery of several species presumed to be extinct or near-extinct. We make one new combination (Fuscopannaria frullaniae) and describe five species as new to science, each commemorating National Park Service staff instrumental to
the completion of the study: Heterodermia langdoniana, Lecanora darlingiae, Lecanora sachsiana, Leprocaulon nicholsiae, and Pertusaria superiana.
Dalechampia margarethiae (Euphorbiaceae), a New Species from Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Pereira-Silva Rafaela Alves , Athiê-Souza Sarah Maria , Laurênio de Melo André , Armbruster W. Scott
Published: November 2019

Abstract—A new species of Dalechampia from southeastern Brazil, belonging to Dalechampia sect. Dioscoreifoliae, is described and illustrated here. Dalechampia margarethiae is a twining vine occurring exclusively in Espírito
Santo state. Its pseudanthia are similar to those of D. peckoltiana and D. pentaphylla, but D. margarethiae differs in a set of important characters, including having cylindrical, down-curved style tips, staminate flowers at anthesis having unreflexed sepals with
stamens born on unelongated columns, whitish floral resin, and simple, entire, cordate leaves.
A Spectacular New Species of Habenaria (Orchidaceae) From Southern Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Engels Mathias E. , Salgado Thaynara L. D. , Batista João A. N.
Published: November 2019

Abstract—A new Habenaria species from the state of Mato Grosso is described and illustrated. Habenaria gracilisegmenta was discovered in campinarana understory, in northern Mato Grosso state, on the southern edge of the Brazilian Amazon.
The species is distinguished by its slender habit, and by the few, delicate flowers, with very long, thin lateral petals and lip segments. Its morphological affinity with other Neotropical species is unclear. A molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that the new species does not belong to
any of the Neotropical subclades of the genus, constituting an additional lineage. The species is one of two of the genus endemic to the Brazilian Amazon, and considered threatened given the small number of known populations and restricted distribution.
A New Species of Dichorisandra (Commelinaceae) with Speckled Leaves from Brazil
Authors: Moraes Quélita S. , Pellegrini Marco O. O. , Alves-Araújo Anderson
Published: November 2019

Abstract—A new species of Dichorisandra from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest is herein described, illustrated, and compared to morphologically similar species. Dichorisandra striatula is characterized by leaf blades with small and discontinuous white
stripes on the adaxial surface, hirsutulous indumentum on both surfaces, obovate to broadly obovate petals, and ellipsoid fruits. Information on phenology, habitat, conservation status, and a geographical distribution map are also provided.
Taxonomic Revision of Chusquea subg. Magnifoliae and Chusquea subg. Platonia (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Chusqueinae) in Peru
Authors: Guerreiro Carolina , Alegría Olivera J. José , Vega Andrea S.
Published: November 2019

Abstract—Subtribe Chusqueinae was previously composed of the genera Neurolepis and Chusquea. Following molecular-based phylogenetic studies, all species of Neurolepis were transferred to Chusquea and placed in two new subgenera: Chusquea
subg. Magnifoliae and Chusquea subg. Platonia. Complete keys for the identification of taxa within C. subg. Magnifoliae and C. subg. Platonia are lacking. The present paper provides five new reports and a taxonomic revision of Chusquea
subg. Magnifoliae and C. subg. Platonia in Peru involving 13 taxa. Vegetative and reproductive morphological diagnostic characters were analyzed. Complete illustrations of C. aristata, C. fimbriligulata subsp. peruviana, and C. spectabilis are provided.
Chusquea elata, C. fimbriligulata subsp. fimbriligulata, C. mollis, C. nana, and C. spectabilis constitute new reports for Peru. Keys for the identification of the species of Chusquea subg. Magnifoliae and C. subg. Platonia occurring
in Peru were prepared based on vegetative and reproductive characters and are here presented for the first time.
Phylogenetic Relationships Within and Delimitation of the Cosmopolitan Flowering Plant Genus Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae): Core Stars and Fallen Stars
Authors: Sharples Mathew T. , Tripp Erin A.
Published: November 2019

Abstract—Stellaria (Caryophyllaceae, tribe Alsineae) is a cosmopolitan genus of herbaceous plants that heretofore has lacked a stable estimate of total number of species. Here, we attempted to sample all species currently recognized under the name Stellaria
to determine which belong to a core Stellaria genus versus which are masquerading under this name and are instead more closely related to one of several outgroup lineages. Phylogenetic relationships inferred with RAD loci were recovered with generally high levels of support, regardless
of age of specimens (here up to 98 yr) utilized for molecular work. Analyses resolved a monophyletic, core radiation of Stellaria that is sister to Cerastium and others. Within core Stellaria, of which we sampled ca. 87% of species, we recovered five primary lineages.
However, current infrageneric hypotheses are incongruous with phylogenomic data, and most morphology-based infrageneric hypotheses break down in light of these results. Outside of core Stellaria we recovered numerous other species currently ascribed to Stellaria that are in need
of revised generic placement. Based on current results, however, we propose several new taxonomic and nomenclatural renovations within core Stellaria and external to this group as contribution towards stabilization of generic boundaries in Alsineae. These modifications include description
of a new genus of Caryophyllaceae from eastern Asia, Nubelaria, as well description of a new genus, Rabelera, to accommodate the lineage previously and more widely known as Stellaria holostea. Nine new combinations are proposed in the genera Adenonema,
Cerastium, Mesostemma, Nubelaria, Rabelera, and core Stellaria. Additionally, one new status, one new synonymy, and lectotypes for four species are proposed. We estimate core Stellaria to consist of approximately 112 species, a decrease from many other
published species counts. Our results lay a robust foundation for future evolutionary, phylogenetic, and morphological comparisons within Stellaria and among relatives.
Diversification of the North American Doellingeria-Eucephalus Clade (Astereae: Asteraceae) Inferred from Molecular and Morphological Evidence
Authors: Allen Geraldine A. , Brouillet Luc , Semple John C. , Guest Heidi J. , Underhill Robert
Published: November 2019

Abstract—Doellingeria and Eucephalus form the earliest-diverging clade of the North American Astereae lineage. Phylogenetic analyses of both nuclear and plastid sequence data show that the Doellingeria-Eucephalus clade consists of two main subclades
that differ from current circumscriptions of the two genera. Doellingeria is the sister group to E. elegans, and the Doellingeria + E. elegans subclade in turn is sister to the subclade containing all remaining species of Eucephalus. In the plastid phylogeny,
the two subclades are deeply divergent, a pattern that is consistent with an ancient hybridization event involving ancestral species of the Doellingeria-Eucephalus clade and an ancestral taxon of a related North American or South American group. Divergence of the two Doellingeria-Eucephalus
subclades may have occurred in association with northward migration from South American ancestors. We combine these two genera under the older of the two names, Doellingeria, and propose 12 new combinations (10 species and two varieties) for all species of Eucephalus.
Isodon hsiwenii (Lamiaceae: Nepetoideae), A New Species From Yunnan, China
Authors: Chen Ya-Ping , Wilson Trevor C. , Zhou Ya-Dong , Wang Ze-Huan , Liu En-De , Peng Hua , Xiang Chun-Lei
Published: November 2019

Abstract—Isodon hsiwenii, a new species from Yunnan in Southwest China, is here described and illustrated. In order to clarify the phylogenetic placement of the new species within Isodon, Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses based on two nuclear
ribosomal DNA regions and four plastid DNA regions for 71 Asian Isodon species were conducted. The results indicate that I. hsiwenii is a member of the largest and poorly resolved Clade III, as sister species of I. hirtellus. Isodon hsiwenii can be distinguished
from I. hirtellus by various morphological differences.
A New Species and a New Record of Stegnogramma (Thelypteridaceae; Polypodiales) from Southern Vietnam
Authors: Chen Cheng-Wei , Kuo Li-Yaung , Huang Yu-Hsuan , Hsu Tian-Chuan , Dang Minh Tri , Luu Hong Truong , Li Chia-Wei , Huang Yao-Moan
Published: November 2019

Abstract—We describe a new species of Stegnogramma (Thelypteridaceae; Polypodiales) as Stegnogramma australis. Morphologically, it is most similar to S. griffithii, sharing the character of pinnate fronds with ternate terminal pinnae. However,
S. australis can be distinguished from S. griffithii by having more free pinna pairs, shorter distal stipe hairs, and fewer included veinlets in the laminar areoles. A description, photographs of key characters, and the known distribution of the new species are presented.
We also infer genome size and reproductive mode of the new species using flow cytometry. In addition, the occurrence of S. aspidioides in Vietnam is confirmed and a key to all known species of Stegnogramma in Vietnam is given.
Aeschynomene chicocesariana, a Striking New Unifoliolate Legume Species from the Brazilian Chapada Diamantina and its Phylogenetic Placement in the Dalbergioid Clade
Authors: Oliveira Silva Cardoso Domingos Benício , Ramos Gustavo , Barbosa São-Mateus Wallace Messias , Paganucci de Queiroz Luciano
Published: November 2019

Abstract—Unifoliolate leaves are relatively rare in the species-rich dalbergioid clade of papilionoid legumes (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae). For the pantropical, diverse genus Aeschynomene (ca. 180 species), the only known record of unifoliolate species described
so far is the savanna-inhabiting A. simplicifolia from Chapada dos Veadeiros in Goiás, Brazil. The current work provides a description, illustrations, and a distribution map of another unifoliolate species, Aeschynomene chicocesariana, which was newly discovered
in the rupestrian grasslands of Chapada Diamantina in Bahia, Brazil. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data (nuclear ribosomal ITS/5.8S and the plastid genes matK and trnL intron) have unequivocally placed A. chicocesariana with the rest of Aeschynomene
species that are traditionally placed within Aeschynomene sect. Ochopodium. This result agrees with the shared morphology of A. chicocesariana and members of that section.
TAHSİN YÜCEL’İN ÖYKÜ KİŞİLERİ ÜZERİNDEN SOSYAL ADALET KAVRAMI VE TOPLUMSAL ELEŞTİRİ
Authors: HASDEDEOĞLU Mehmet Onur , DANIŞMAN Şenol
Published: November 2019

Sosyal
adalet; her bireyin ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda, hak ettiği yaşama, eşit bir
vatandaş olarak ulaşması şeklinde tanımlanabilir. Günümüzde hemen her toplumda
sosyal adalet; küreselleşme, bireyselleşme, nüfustaki değişim ve dönüşümlerin
baskısı altında yoksulluğu önleme, eğitim ve öğretim, iş alanlarına dâhil olma,
sosyal güvenlik gibi konularda karşımıza çıkmaktadır.

Toplumcu
gerçekçilik anlayışıyla öykülerini oluşturan Tahsin Yücel, bu kavramı ilk dönem
öykülerinde sıkça ele alır. Toplumu oluşturan sosyal sınıflar arasındaki
ekonomik dengesizlikler, ekonomik olarak zayıf sosyal sınıfların diğer sosyal
sınıflara karşı baskısı öykü kahramanları tarafından kimi zaman ironi ile dile
getirilir. Öykülerde sosyal adalet; özellikle emeği ile çalışanların yaşadıkları
zorluklar, eğitim eşitsizliği yüzünden okulu bırakan bireyler, yoksulluk
yüzünden topluma ve kendine yabancılaşan kişiler ve sınıf farklılıkları nedeniyle
toplumdan dışlanan öykü kahramanları aracılığı ile ele alınır. Yine öykülerde;
insan onuruna yaraşır bir asgari yaşam standardına kavuşmayan kimi öykü
kişileri de toplumdan uzaklaşmayı tercih eder. 

Bu çalışmada
sosyal adalet kavramının tanımı ve tarihi süreci hakkında kısa bir bilgi
verildikten sonra, öykü kahramanları merkeze alınarak Tahsin Yücel’in sosyal
adalet meselesini eleştirel biçimde merkeze aldığı öyküleri incelenmiştir. Öykü
kişileri üzerinden sosyal adalet ile ilgili kavramlara değinilerek yazarın öne
sürdüğü çözümler ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Design for Reliability Highly Responsible Systems on the Example of a Moving Rod
Authors: Pokhabov Yury P.
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to one of the design technologies of highly responsible systems on the example of a rotating rod of a spacecraft. This technology allows take into account the specified requirements for reliability from the very first design solutions. An algorithm for constructing a generalized parametric model of the functioning of products is proposed, which is intended for carrying out the calculated and experimental verification of the output parameters of functioning and their correlation with the given reliability indicators. The methodology of the design & technological reliability analysis is presented, which allows performing analytical verification of the functioning parameters in order to identify necessary and sufficient requirements for performing computational and experimental verification and manufacturing products with a given reliability. This design technology, based on parameterization and design & technological reliability analysis, makes it possible to achieve reliability of mechanical devices whp R≡1, regardless of the type of mass production. At the same time, potential failures can be successfully eliminated or mitigated at the earliest stages of the life cycle (design and engineering), and the possible risks of the occurrence of failures are promptly evaluated
About the Prospects of the Application of Economic Analysis of Law in the Russian Legal Science (on the example of civil procedure)
Authors: Kurochkin S A
Published: December 2019

On the example of modern civil procedure article considers the prospects for the use in the Russian Federation economic analysis of law as a method of study of legal phenomena. In General, lit: the essence of economic analysis of law as a method, its types and role in the study of civil procedure. According to the results of the proposed conclusions about ways to improve the efficiency of the Russian system of civil procedure.
The Economic System as the Object of the Constitutional-Legal Research
Authors: Grigorieva V A
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes the economic system as the object of the constitutional legal science, the methodological approaches of this study. The author substantiates the conclusions that: 1) the economic system as a category of economic science is broader in content than the economic system within the constitutional and legal consideration, since the latter includes only items that are of constitutional significance; 2) its structural elements are the subjects of economic resources, institutions, and economic relations; 3) the state occupies a special position among the subjects economic system, because it simultaneously acts as a regulator of economic relations, and the role of the economic entity and irrespective of their role, always has a single constitutional-legal purposes in the economic system.
The Right to a Fair Trial in Civil Cases and Its Elements in the Light of the Ideas of the Rule of Law
Authors: Afanasiev S F
Published: December 2019

The article in the light of the draft Concept for the unification of procedural law-legislation, as well as future development and adoption of Code of civil procedure of the Russian Federation examines the question of the right to a fair trial in civil cases and its elements. It is emphasized that the right to a fair trial is not in its aims-ness declarative, its content is diverse and includes organic municipal, institutional, procedural and special part that should be taken into account by the domestic legislator in the course of further reforming and improving civil procedural law.
Complex branch of Russian law (military law)
Authors: Koryakin V M
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the debate about the possibility of separating the structure of the legal system of complex areas of law. The author defends a position on the legality and validity of the institutionalization of integrated industries in the structure of the domestic legal system.
The theoretical basis of the quality of labour legislation
Authors: Almaeva Y O
Published: December 2019

Undoubtedly, some of the phenomena that determine the quality of labour laws should be regarded as natural and inevitable. Indeed, upon closer examination reveals that the law is not constant, it changes with the development of society, increasing legal awareness of the society members, the obsolescence of the law. Other circumstances affecting the quality, lead to the imbalance of legal regulation of social-labor relations.
THe problem of delegation of state authority of the subjects of private law: current practice and doctrine
Authors: Romanovskaya O V
Published: December 2019

In the article legal problems of delegation of separate state-imperious powers to the nonstate organizations are considered. The basic blanks are revealed, ways of their permission are offered. The general rules of delegation by which the legislature should be guided at acceptance of the corresponding legal certificate are presented.
History, current status and perspectives of criminal-legal protection of property relations in law
Authors: Heluta V V
Published: December 2019

In the article the questions of protection of property relations in the legal research lawyers in pre-revolutionary Russia, Soviet and modern scientists. Shows the relevance and breadth of this topic, analyzed the abstracts of doctoral theses, major monographic studies and identified trends in the further examination of the Institute of criminal law. For the first time in the history of the author in detail and considered in detail the question of the completeness of scientific research in the field of criminal-legal protection of property relations, their practical and scientific significance from the perspective of today’s criminal law doctrine. In General, the author States that many aspects of the legal protection of property relations (property relations) in the science of criminal law there are striking differences, and the global problem still remains unresolved despite a fairly large number of scientific papers on this topic).
THe global turnover of counterfeit discs (criminological analysis and methods of calculation)
Authors: Truntsevskiy Y V
Published: December 2019

The article provides a criminological analysis and the method of calculation of the global trade in counterfeit discs.