bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maranta arundinacea root assisted zinc oxide nanoparticles and its characterisation using TEM and UV-vis spectroscopy
Authors: Nivedhita G  , Rajeshkumar S  , Anitha Roy  , Nagalingam M  , Lakshmi T
Published: July 2020

Arrow root is a tropical root crop cultivated for its starchy rhizomes that have carbohydrate contents. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have emerged a promising potential in biomedicine, especially in the fields of anticancer, wound healing, free radical scavenging and antimicrobial including antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral research fields, which might be worried with their potent ability to trigger extra reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, launch zinc ions, and induce mobile apoptosis. 1 gram of Arrow root powder extract was mixed with 100 mL of water and filtered for nanoparticles synthesis. The zinc sulphate was used as a precursor for the zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesis and 30 mM was used. 50 mL of freshly prepared root extract and zinc sulphate solution was added together for the synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles, which was then dried and characterisedcharacterized using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and during reaction it was characterized using UVvis spectroscopy method. A spherical shaped nanoparticle with plant extract in the background was observed. The peak at 300 nm confirm the nanoparticles synthesis using root extract. Based on our results we confirmed the capability of arrow root for the zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesis and it will be used for the various biomedical application in future.
Studies on antioxidant activity of different extracts of aerial parts of Cadaba farinose Forsk: An in-vitro techniques
Authors: Jambula Dinesh Babu  , Venugopalan Santhosh Kumar
Published: July 2020

Cadaba farinosa (family Capparidaceae) is generally known as “Indian cadaba” in the traditional ayurvedic system. The current study, aerial parts of different concentrates (Pet.ether, ethyl acetate and methanol) of Cadaba farinose was evaluated for its in-vitro antioxidant potential by Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical, and total antioxidant activity taking ascorbate as standard and superoxide radical activity taking Quercetin as the standard for the in-vitro methods. The methanolic concentrates of Cadaba farinose& ascorbic acid exhibited antioxidant potential possessing IC50 208µg/ml & 66µg/ml (Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical) , 188µg/ml & 57µg/ml (total antioxidant). The methanolic concentrates of Cadaba farinose & quercetin exhibited antioxidant potential possessing IC50 252µg/ml & 60µg/ml (superoxide radical). The IC50 value was originated that methanolic concentrates of Cadaba farinose more efficient in Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical, superoxide radical activity, total antioxidant activity compared EA & PE concentrates. The difference in scavenging potential of the extracts can be due to variation in the percentage of bioactive compound present in different solvents. Invitro antioxidant studies show methanolic concentrates of Cadaba farinose have better antioxidant activity. This result indicates that aerial parts of methanolic concentrate Cadaba farinose could serve as a natural antioxidant, which may be useful in preventing free radical-induced diseases.
Evaluation of prescribing pattern at basic health care facilities of Islamabad Pakistan
Authors: Nabeel Siddique  , Azhar Hussain  , Madeeha Malik
Published: July 2020

Failure to adopt the rational pattern of prescribing and dispensing by health professionals represents a significant risk to the safety of patient and lead to pharmaceuticals wastage. This study was designed to evaluate the prescribing and dispensing pattern at the selected basic healthcare facilities of Islamabad Pakistan. World Health Organization with collaboration to International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs has provided the core indicators to configure and examine the prescribing patterns. The study was conducted in 2018, using these indicators following the study sites, fourteen Basic Health Units, three Rural Health Centres and three local dispensaries located in Islamabad (Pakistan) were randomly visited and that accounts overall 600 prescribing episodes collected retrospectively. The results of this study highlighted that the average number of drugs prescribed was 2.751. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic was 41.15%. Percentage of steroids, injections and antibiotics were 7.68%, 16.05% and 48.6%. The drugs prescribed from Essential Drug List were 75.08%. Average consultation time was 2.699 minutes. The average dispensing time was 1.479 minutes. We concluded that high number of average drugs per prescription, over prescription of antibiotics, low generic prescribing, less average consultation and dispensing time found in healthcare facilities. Keywords: Prescribing pattern, Basic health facilities, INRUD prescribing indicators, WHO prescribing indicators
Synthesis and Characterization of New Heterocyclic Compounds from Calix [4] arene Derivative
Authors: Khudheyer Jawad Kadem
Published: July 2020

In this work, a new heterocyclic compounds derived from Calix[4]arene Derivative had been synthesized. The characterization of the produced compounds was performed using melting point, FT-IR spectroscopy and some of them with 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The spectral data confirm the formation of these compounds. This research includes the following two parts:- Part 1: Synthesis of Calix[4]arane Derivative from reaction Calix[4]arane with 4- Aminobutyric acid to produce ester compound this part4-Aminobutyric acid reaction with freshly distilled thinly chloride , the produce final was purified via distillation below pressure reduced. The product was purified by repeated recrystallization. In this step Converted the substituted carboxylic acid to substituted acid chloride included to obtained good leaving group the compound product containing primary amine and the reaction of Calix[4]arane Derivative with compounds containing carbonyl group(aldehyde or ketone) the carbonyl group of aldehyde or ketone react with primary amine to produce imine compounds(Schiff bases. Part 2: Reaction of produced Schiff base compounds with mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) or maleic anhydride to synthesized new heterocyclic compounds Compounds with heterogeneous ring are characterized by having many biological activitiesWhich attracts the attention of researchers, and accordingly various derivatives containing sulfur or oxygen were prepared for heterocyclic compounds, these prepared compounds can have inhibitory activity for some bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
Phytochemical characterization and cytotoxicity analysis of ayurvedic formulation of drug
Authors: Cynthia C  , Horne Iona Averal
Published: July 2020

The liver is a major endocrine organ which controls the significant metabolic activity in the human body. Treatment of several liver disorders with herbal based plant drugs is popularising nowadays due to their hepatoprotective and nontoxic effect. Livoral, a polyherbal Ayurvedic formulation is one such drug commonly recommended for liver disorders in India. The current work was aimed at studying the phytochemical characterisation and cytotoxic activity of livoral. Phytochemical analysis of extracts of livoral in methanol, hexane, acetone and petroleum ether was studied by TLC method. The cytotoxic activity of livoral was analysed by MTT assay in Vero cell lines at a concentration ranging from 10µg/ml to 500µg/ml. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of Phyto compound such as tannins, phenols, steroids, alkaloids, terpenes and carbohydrates in all the four types of livoral extracts. Phytochemicals such as phenols, terpenes and alkaloids were already known for their hepatoprotective activity. MTT assay revealed the nontoxic effect of livoral up to 300 µg/ml concentrations. Thus, based on the results of the phytochemical and cytotoxic analysis, the livoral was proven to be one of the best herbal drugs for liver disorders with hepatoprotective constituents and non-cytotoxic effect.
West-Eastern Divan Orchestra: A Representation of Peace Optimism from the Middle East
Authors: Karamy Selma Elfirda , Bainus Arry
Published: July 2020

The high escalation of conflict that occurred in the Middle East region became a global issue which until now still has not found a solution. This situation is also complicated by the presence of US President Donald Trump's controversial immigration policy, which targets the Middle Eastern countries. Various efforts have been made by each country to reduce tension and maintain social and political stability in each country. In the midst of the many efforts made, emerging non-state actor that are trying to resolve conflicts, one of which is the Divan OrcThe high escalation of conflict that occurred in the Middle East region became a global issue which until now still has not found a solution. This situation is also complicated by the presence of US President Donald Trump's controversial immigration policy, which targets the Middle Eastern countries. Various efforts have been made by each country to reduce tension and maintain social and political stability in each country. In the midst of the many efforts made, emerging non-state actor that are trying to resolve conflicts, one of which is the Divan Orchestra, an international music organization that runs Music Diplomacy in the conflict countries. In this study, researchers will try to discuss The Divan Orchestra diplomatic roles as a representation of the message of peace from its members. The researcher will use the concepts of Music Diplomacy, Soft Power and Non-State Roles as Analysis Tools. While the research method used is a Qualitative Method using Literature Study. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-7663
Katy Gardner and David Lewis. Anthropology and Development:
Challenges for the Twenty-First Century. London: Pluto Press. 2015
(Second Edition). 240 page. Price £24.99
Authors: Lorenzo Maria Pilar
Published: July 2020

The book entitled Anthropology and Development: Challenges for
the Twenty�First Century by Gardner and Lewis (2015) is the second
edition of their previous book entitled Anthropology, Development and
the Post-Modern Challenge, which was published in 1996. This second book
incorporates recent issues that emerged since the first edition was
released two decades ago. As the world keeps on changing, there are
always new pressing issues that exert a significant influence upon
development work to which an anthropological perspective has much to
contribute.
SIKAP REMAJA PUTRI DALAM MENGHADAPI PERUBAHAN FISIK SAAT PUBERTAS
Authors: Panjaitan Arip Ambulan , Angelia Sherly , Apriani Nurdaniah
Published: July 2020

Perubahan fisik pubertas pada remaja putri dimulai sekitar umur 10-11 tahun. Kematangan seksual dan terjadinya perubahan bentuk tubuh sangat berpengaruh pada kehidupan kejiwaan remaja, sementara itu perhatian remaja sangat besar terhadap penampilan dirinya sehingga mereka merisaukan bentuk tubuhnya yang kurang proporsional tersebut. Apabila mereka belum dipersiapkan sejak dini dan kurang mendapatkan informasi tentang perubahan tersebut maka akan timbul kecemasan dan reaksi negatif lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sumber informasi terhadap sikap remaja putri dalam menghadapi perubahan fisik saat pubertas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 41 responden, dimana pengumpulan data melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Data diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan pengetahuan remaja putri (p-value=0,033), sumber informasi (p-value=0,025) terhadap sikap dalam menghadapi perubahan fisik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan pengetahuan dan sumber informasi dengan sikap remaja dalam menghadapi perubahan fisik saat pubertas.
PELATIHAN AKUPRESUR UNTUK RELAKSASI TUBUH DAN MENGATASI DISMENOREA
Authors: Wahyuningsih Istiqomah Risa , Handayani Sri
Published: July 2020

Acupressure is a technique using touch / contact to balance the energy channels in the body or Qi. Acupressure contests useful for disease prevention, cure, rehabilitation (recovery), relaxation and increase endurance. Acupressure can also be used to treat pain during menstruation (dysmenorrhea). Target and outcome: an increase in knowledge and skills of women, the leaflets about the relaxation of the body and reduce dysmenorrhea, as well as community service articles published. Methods: divided into four sessions, namely working on the pretest, delivery of content and practice of acupressure, question and answer sessions working on the posttest. Submission of material is done by means of lectures and brainstorming as well as the demonstration of acupressure points used. Result: there is an increased knowledge of the pretest and posttest value of the average value before training (pre-test) 32.86 into 71.84 (post-test), in addition to the upgrading of skills seen from acupressure point positioning accuracy. Conclusion: The community service is to enhance the knowledge and skills of participants on acupressure to relax the body and overcome dysmenorrhoea.
A Communication for Development Approach to Eradicating Polio: India Succeeds
Authors: Gupta Deepak , Bansal Kiron , Agarwal Anusha
Published: July 2020

Communication for development (C4D), has been identified as a major factor in eradication of Polio in India. India has been hailed as a success as it saw innovative use of epidemiological data and application of multiple communication channels, especially for the Polio eradication programme. It has also been perceived that communication for Polio eradication has mostly promoted Polio-vaccine drops whereas the main causal factors such as low rates of routine immunization, poor sanitation, lack of clean drinking water, and poor nutrition that are responsible for spread of Polio virus have not been promoted have not been promoted as the behavior-change content. The research was held in sub-urban clusters around the capital city of Delhi inhabited by migrants from two Indian states. The research documented that the knowledge and perceptions of large number of communities are very low with regard to recalling any causal factors which lead to Polio transmission. Research concludes, for behaviours to change, that cultural taboos, societal norms and structural inequalities need to be taken into consideration, including special emphasis on migrant settlers. Communication strategies have to be cognizant of and in tune with the policy and legislative environment and also linked to the service delivery aspects for the most vulnerable and socially-excluded.
SYTL4 is differentially expressed in high-grade serous ovarian cancers.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: July 2020

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). We sought to identify genes associated with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) by comparing global gene expression profiles of normal ovary with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with HGSC using published microarray data (2, 3). We found significant differential expression of synaptotagmin-like 4 (SYTL4) in high-grade serous ovarian tumors.
From Text to Thought: How Analyzing Language Can Advance Psychological Science
Authors: Jackson Joshua Conrad , Watts Joseph , List Johann-Mattis , Puryear Curtis , Drabble Ryan , Lindquist Kristen A
Published: July 2020

Humans have been using language for thousands of years, but psychologists seldom consider what natural language can tell us about the mind. Here we propose that language offers a unique window into human cognition. After briefly summarizing the legacy of language analyses in psychological science, we show how methodological advances have made these analyses more feasible and insightful than ever before. In particular, we describe how two forms of language analysis—comparative linguistics and natural language processing—are already contributing to how we understand emotion, creativity, and religion, and overcoming methodological obstacles related to statistical power and culturally diverse samples. We summarize resources for learning both of these methods, and highlight the best way to combine language analysis techniques with behavioral paradigms. Applying language analysis to large-scale and cross-cultural datasets promises to provide major breakthroughs in psychological science.
Comparison of Outcome of Teenage Pregnancy with Non- teenage pregnancy
Authors: Sharma Deepanjali , Ghimire Sailaja , Jha Meena , Baral Gehanath
Published: July 2020

Aims: To analyze the maternal and fetal outcome in teenage pregnancy (≤ 19years) with that of pregnancy at optimal childbearing age group (20- 34 years).
Methodology: This was a hospital based observational analytical study conducted at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital in Kathmandu from August 2016 to February 2017.Results were analyzed using SPSS 21 taking p-value≤ 0.05 as statistically significant.
Results: There were 200 cases in each group (≤19 and 20-34 years). Anemia (p=0.001), hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (p=0.001), preterm delivery (p=0.001), Cesarean Section rate (p=0.006), 5-minute Apgar score (p=0.035), low birth weight (p=0.017) and neonatal admission rates (p=0.018) were significantly high in teenage pregnancy.
Conclusions: Both maternal and neonatal complications are increased in teenage pregnancy in comparison to the optimal reproductive age group.
Key words: complications, pregnancy, teenage
Yolk sac diameter as a prognostic factor for first trimester pregnancy outcome
Authors: Bhattarai Anupama , Baral Gehanath
Published: July 2020

Aims: To evaluate yolk sac diameter as a predictor of first trimester pregnancy outcome.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital from October 2017 to October 2018. Pregnant women in between seven and ten weeks of gestation were enrolled. Transabdominal sonography was performed to measure yolk sac diameter and followed up till 12 weeks of gestation to see the outcome. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated for yolk sac diameter with regards to abnormal pregnancy outcome.
Results: There were 80 cases enrolled and a significant positive correlation was found between yolk sac diameter and gestational age. Abnormal yolk sac diameter, irrespective of gestational age, had sensitivity of 92.95%, specificity 66.66%, positive predictive value 95.6% and negative predictive value of 54.54% in predicting abnormal pregnancy outcome.
Conclusions: The measurement of yolk sac diameter between seventh and tenth weeks of gestation can predict first trimester pregnancy outcome. This is useful while counseling pregnant women regarding risk of abnormal outcome and need for follow up ultrasonography.
Keywords: first trimester; pregnancy outcome; prognostic factor; yolk sac diameter
Effect of inter-pregnancy interval on maternal and fetal outcome
Authors: Shrestha Pravin , Mahato Vibha , Karmacharya Smita
Published: July 2020

Aims: To explore the impact of inter-pregnancy interval on maternal and fetal health
Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manipal Teaching hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. Inter-pregnancy interval (IPI) was calculated as the time elapsed between the woman’s last delivery and the date of last menstrual period for the present second or higher order birth. Intervals were taken in weeks and then converted to months. IPI were categorized as <18months, 18-23, 24-59, >59 months.
Results: Among the 550 pregnancies studied, the majority (57%) of them had an IPI of more than 59 months. Long IPI of >59 months had increased risk of maternal complications like preeclampsia (12.4%), postdate pregnancy (10.8%), PROM (4.4%), oligohydramnios (3.8%), placenta previa (2.5%), gestational diabetes mellitus (2.2%), chronic hypertension (1.5%), abruptio placenta (0.3%), IUFD (0.6%) and overt DM (0.3%). Increased preterm birth was seen in IPI <18 months (25%). Short IPI had also increased risk of IUGR (8.3%) and anaemia. Adverse maternal outcome was least when IPI was between 18-23 months.
Conclusions: IPI shorter than 18 months and longer than 59 months were associated with increased risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Keywords: fetal, inter-pregnancy, interval
Management of COVID-19 Infected Patients in Pregnancy and Puerperium
Authors: Sharma Basant , Dangal Ganesh , Khanal Bandana , Angadi Siddeshwar
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 is a pandemic affecting every group of people. Pregnancy itself is a partially immune compromised state, so chance of aggravation of symptom supposed to be more in pregnancy. Prevention is the best way to get away from this disease. Good hygiene, supportive care and possible mechanical ventilation for severe case are required. There is no proven role of antibiotic, antiretroviral and steroids. There is no proven vertical transmission. Baby has to be kept in isolation and breast milk can be expressed and given to newborn.
Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, pregnancy.
Pemanfaatan Mesin Penghancur Sampah Organik Untuk Memproduksi Pakan Bagi Maggot
Authors: Surya Awang
Published: July 2020

Salah satu kendala yang dihadapi para peternak lele adalah mahalnya harga pakan ikan buatan industri.  Salah satu alternatif yang dapat dipergunakan sebagai sumber protein pakan ikan lele adalah Maggot. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana efektifitas penggunaan Alat Penghancur Sampah Organik Skala Rumah Tangga di dalam produksi pakan atau umpan bagi maggot. Metode dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan eksperimen dengan menggunakan alat pencacah sampah. Adapun hasil penelitin menggunakan alat konvensional (dengan menggunakan bahan baku dicacah dan bahan baku di cacah menggunakan alat bantu pencacah sampah organik. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut pertumbuhan maggot lebih cepat dibanding maggot yang disuplai makanan dari hasil produksi  manual. Berat akhir maggot yang disuplai pakan hasil produksi dengan bantuan alat alat adalah 1361.67 gram, sedangkan maggot yang disuplai makanan hasil produksi manual adalah 1041.67 gram. Selanjutnya perlu diadakan penelitian hubungan penggunaan alat pada pertumbuhan ikan lele.
THE FORMATION OF PATRIOTIC FEELING OF CADETS: SOME THEORETICAL ASPECTS AND PRACTICAL INTERPRETATION
Authors: Ponomarev M.A.
Published: July 2020

The article concentrates on rationale of necessity of coordination of activities of pedagogues in the matter of patriotic education of cadets. The purpose of the work is to increase the level of patriotic feeling of cadets of military universities on the basis of appropriate programs for its formation. The achievement of this purpose is carried out through the application of the methods of inquiry such as analysis and matching. The scientific novelty of the article’s material is the presentation of variable programs of the formation of cadets patriotic feeling. The practical importance of the work is interpreted in involvement of the pedagogues in thework to increase the level of patriotic feeling of cadets using the adequate programs for its formation
Establishing relationships between fuel economy and gear ratios of bus transmission units
Authors: Kravets V. N , Musarskiy R. A , Tumasov A. V
Published: July 2020

The engineers of the GAZ Group developed the GAZ Vector Next 10 family of buses on the basis of the GAZon Next 10 truck. The parameters of the engine, transmission units and wheels of the new family of buses undergone significant changes, which inevitably affected their fuel economy. In this regard, the objectives of this work were formulated as the development of a methodology for determining the fuel economy of a bus and establishing relationships between these indicators and the gear ratios of transmission units. The base model of a family of buses designed for intercity passenger transportation was selected as the object of study. To assess the fuel economy of the bus, single indicators were selected: fuel consumption at given speeds and operating fuel consumption at operating speed. These indicators are determined by the graphs of the fuel and economic characteristics of the bus. The article sets out the methods for constructing the named graphs and determining the indicators of the fuel economy of the bus. The effect on the fuel consumption at given speeds of 60 and 80 km / h of gear ratios of the highest stage of five - and six-speed gearboxes and final drive with gear ratios of 3.9 and 4.55 is established. The gear ratios of the gearbox and final drive at which the bus consumes the largest and least amount of fuel per 100 km of track are determined. It is shown that a change in the gear ratios of the transmission units does not significantly affect the operational fuel consumption of the bus. The results of studies performed by the authors of the article can be used by the developer to optimize the gear ratios of the modernized GAZ family of buses Vector Next 10.
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS, PROFITABILITAS DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP PERINGKAT OBLIGASI PERUSAHAAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wibowo Agung Edy , Linawati Linawati
Published: July 2020

Investors attempted to optimize the level of profit from the capital invested in the company. Bond rating can be used by investors to predict whether a bond able to attract investors to buy it or not through the liquidity, profitability and leverage assessment approaches of a bond. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Liquidity, Profitability and Leverage on Company Bond Ratings in Indonesia. This field research was used cross section data. The research objects used were all banking, financing and insurance industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2014-2018 period. The results showed that return on assets has no significant effect on bond rating predictions. Return on equity does not have a significant effect on bond ratingpredictions. Debt to assets significantly influences the prediction of bond ratings. Debt to equity has a significant effect on bond rating predictions.
ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER IN DUTSIN-MA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Okunola Oluwole , Ali T. , Bello O. M.
Published: July 2020

Ethnopharmacological surveys showed that herbal remedies and their products are mostly preferred type of alternative and complementary medicine (ACM) globally. In Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area (LGA) like other places herbal remedies are popularly employed against many ailment including tumor and cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to report and document the ethnobotanical survey of the plants used in the management of tumor and cancer in Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area of Katsina State, Nigeria. Traditional medicine practitioners (TMPs) living within the area of study were cross-examined by employing questionnaires forms and key informant survey. Forty-two (42) different plant species were discovered to be employed against cancer and tumor management. The results obtained showed the parts of plant used for the herbs include; roots (4), bark (10), whole plant (13), seeds (5), fruits (3), stem (1) and leaves (6). The plant families Leguminosae caesalpinoideae and Leguminosae mimosoideae appeared more in the ethno-surveyed plant list though other families are involved. Many of these plants are mix together as storehouses for active compounds which may be good template for cancer and tumor management. The preparation of the remedies include; grinding to powder form then dispersing in either water or milk for drinking, or either mix with shear butter or water and administered on the affected part of the body. The reports showed that the herbal remedies indentified are effective for the treatment of cancer in Dutsin-Ma local government area.  Hence, it is imperative for ethnobotanists and chemists to establish the toxicity and efficacy of these
PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF MARKETING OF FROZEN FISH IN KADUNA METROPOLIS, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Usman M. B. , Aaasa O. S. , Balogun O. S. , Yahaya U. F.
Published: July 2020

This study investigated the marketing of frozen fish in Kaduna metropolis, Kaduna state. Ten (10) markets were purposively selected due to high concentration of frozen fish marketers and the volume of trading activities; Primary data were generated through the use of structured questionnaire administered to hundred (100) randomly selected retailers and fifteen (15) purposively selected wholesalers. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistic, budgeting technique, net marketing and rate of return on capital invested. The result show that majority 80 percent and 53 of the retailers and wholesalers were female, Majority (70prcent) of the retailers had primary education but most of the wholesaler’s attained tertiary education. The frozen fish marketing channels identified in the area are made up of zero and multi stage channels. Furthermore, the cost and return analysis revealed that the wholesalers realized about N121, 000.00 naira while the retailers got N56, 000.00 naira per month while return to per capital invested (RPCI) was 11 kobo and 22 kobo per Naira invested for the wholesalers and the retailers respectively. This implies that the enterprise is profitable. Transportation difficulties and marketing charges ranked were major constraints confronting frozen fish marketers. It is recommended that provision of good roads network and formidable integrated marketing system will further improve the profitability of the enterprise in the study area.
Working with the symptom—a new perspective on dealing with low well-being in organisations
Authors: de Grancy Moritz Senarclens , Rook Caroline
Published: July 2020

The changes in the modern working world bring increasing health burdens for employees. Indeed, stress counts for 44% of all work-related diseases across all industries and professions in the United Kingdom and accounts for 54% of all working days lost due to ill health (Health & Safety Executive, 2019). For many employees, but also for executives, diseases might prove to be the last lifeline in permanently stressful work situations. This article describes how psychoanalytic thought on health in the workplace can help coaches and executives understand how stress and mental health problems provide the starting point for an examination of the organisation's culture and ultimately can help on the journey of developing healthy and productive workplaces.
International Listening Post report summary: the world at the dawn of 2020
Authors: Beland Ulrike , Stuart Rob , Vonofakos Dimitrios
Published: July 2020

On or around 8 January 2020, long before the COVID-19 crisis, twenty-two Listening Posts were conducted in eighteen countries around the world: Argentina, Brazil, Canada (two), Chile, Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy (four), Poland, Serbia, South Africa, Spain, Taiwan, Turkey, and the UK. This report synthesises the reports of the Listening Posts and extracts general themes and patterns.
Sistem Pemilu Proporsional Daftar Terbuka di Indonesia: Melahirkan Korupsi Politik?
Authors: Pratiwi Diah Ayu
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini mengkaji sistem pemilu proporsional terbuka di Indonesia yang melahirkan perilaku korupsi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa sistem pemilu proporsional terbuka yang melahirkan korupsi dikalangan anggota DPR dan DPRD. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan dekriptif. Sumber data yang digunakan, yaitu data primer yang berdasarkan peraturan perundangan dan dokumen resmi yang terkait sistem pemilu di Indonesia. Sedangkan data sekunder meliputi literatur yang relevan dengan penelitian berupa buku, artikel dari majalah, surat kabar, atau jurnal ilmiah, siaran pers, serta penelitian yang terdahulu yang berkaitan dengan sistem pemilu daftar terbuka dan korupsi politik. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sistem pemilu proporsional terbuka bertujuan agar menghasilkan wakil rakyat yang akuntabel dan dekat dengan konstituennya. Sistem pemilu ini berpotensi melahirkan korupsi politik karena biaya politik yang mahal selama berkompetisi dalam pemilu.
Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan Desa di Desa Pisang Berebus Kecamatan Gunung Toar Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi
Authors: Desriadi Desriadi
Published: July 2020

Pembangunan nasional pada dasarnya adalah untuk menciptakan kemakmuran dan kesejahteraan bagi rakyat di seluruh nusantara. Proses pembangunan yang dilakukan secara menyeluruh, terus menerus dan berkesinambungan, pada kenyataannya belum merata pada setiap wilayah. Hal ini disebabkan pembangunan dilakukan secara terpusat dengan pola yang bersifat dari atas ke bawah (top-down). Pola perencanaan pembangunan terpusat (sentralisasi) yang bersifat (top-down) bukanlah suatu perencanan yang dapat sejalan dengan keinginan masyarakat, karena terdapat kelemahan-kelemahan dalam pelaksanaannya di lapangan. Pembangunan yang didasarkan atas aspirasi dari bawah keatas (bottom-up) oleh banyak para ahli dipandang lebih efektif dan efisien untuk dilaksanakan pada saat ini. Tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa, setiap daerah memiliki kebutuhan dan masalah yang berbeda-beda. Hal ini disebabkan masing-masing daerah memiliki karakteristik geografis wilayah dan sumber daya yang berbeda. Proses perencanaan pembangunan antara lain melalui langkah – langkah sebagai berikut : 1. Program Politik; 2. Proses Teknokratik; 3. Proses Partisipatif; 4. Proses Bottom Up dan Top Down.
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN WALIKOTA BATAM NO 7 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PENGARUSUTAMAAN GENDER DI KOTA BATAM TAHUN 2016
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Yasir Muhammad
Published: July 2020

Pengarusutamaan gender (PUG) merupakan strategi yang dilakukan secara rasional dan sistematis untuk mencapai kesetaraan dan keadilan gender dalam sejumlah aspek kehidupan manusia melalui kebijakan dan program yang memperhatikan pengalaman, aspirasi, kebutuhan dan permasalahan perempuan dan laki-laki kedalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pemantauan dan evaluasi dari seluruh kebijakan dan program di berbagai bidang kehidupan dan pembangunan sesuai Intruksi Presiden Nomor 9 Tahun 2000 tentang pengarusutamaan gender dalam pembangunan Nasional dan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 15 Tahun 2008 tentang pedoman umum pelaksanan pengarusutamaan gender di daerah. Untuk pelaksanaan PUG di Kota Batam, pemerintah daerah harus melakukan koordinasi dengan Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah dalam hal ini adalah pemerintah. Pemerintah  sebagai lembaga yang mengurusi dan bertanggung jawab akan pelaksanaan PUG di Kota Batam untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan gender antara laki-laki dan perempuan salah satunya permasalahan perempuan, ketimpangan hak dan kewajiban laki-laki dan perempuan dalan berbagai aspek khususnya Sosial. Solusi yang bisa diberikan dengan memberdayakan perempuan sebagai salah satu aspek penting dalam pembangunan. implementasi program dari PUG adalah mewujudkan Batam yang responsife gender dilihat dari tolak ukur  yang di gunakan penulis (Edward III): komunikasi, Sumber Daya, disposisi dan struktur birokrasi, ungsur ini memiliki peranan penting dalam mewujudkan kesetaran gender khususnya di kota Batam.
Peer review in writing activities: outcomes and perceptions of EFL students
Authors: Ruru Theresia Adventris Ndohna , Sulistyo Teguh
Published: July 2020

This study aims at investigating the effect of peer review on students’ writing ability and the students’ perceptions toward the use of peer review technique in writing class. This is an experimental research by involving 62 EFL students of eighth graders of a Junior High School in Malang, Indonesia. The data were obtained by conducting a writing (pre-test an post-test) and giving questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using quantitative descriptive statistics. The qualitative data expressed descriptively about students perceptions toward using peer review technique in writing acitvity. The findings shows that the students in experimental group who were taught by using peer review technique got better achievement in writing ability than the students in control group who were taught by using self-assessment strategy. The use of peer review technique in writing class makes the class less anxious and more enjoyable. The students are enthusiastic so that the class become more student-centered. The students are able to interact each other in giving comments and suggestions to reduce mistakes in terms of global and local issues to make better subsequent of writing product. In addition, the result of questionnaire shows that the students have positive attitudes toward the use peer review technique in writing class.
PASTURE STRATEGIES FOR DAIRY BEEF PRODUCTION
Authors: Cosgrove G.P. , Brougham R.W.
Published: July 2020

Improved pasture species, irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer options for increasing pasture growth rate during inter and Summer have been evaluated in growth rate and annual production of young Friesian bulls. Effective increases in Summer pasture production have been obtained from the use of irrigation, Pawera red clover, Matua prairie grass and particularly a combination of irrigation and Matua, Nitrogen fertilizer, Matua and carryover effects of irrigation have increased cool Season pasture growth rates. Liveweight gains reflect these increases except on Matua pastures where poor growth rate of calves occurs durmg summer. The negative effects of the different pasture treatments on Spring liveweight gain are attributed partly to the effects of compensatory growth in bulls but also to treatment effects which reduce pasture growth rate during this season. For this reason the most effective gains are made by 15-18 month old bulls during summer. Pasture species and pasture mixtures react differently to applications of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer. The most appropriate Strategies and combinations are discussed
MANAGEMENT OF THOROUGHBRED STUD PASTURES IN THE WAIKATO
Authors: Goold G.J. , Baars J.A. , Rollo M.D.
Published: July 2020

Thoroughbred production systems are concentrated in the Waikato region on free-draining, high fertility soils utilising perennial pastures based on tyegrass/white clover. The major emphasis is on the production of thoroughbred yearling stock for sale in January, and the mating of breeding stock, from September through until December. As with other pastoral industries in the region, successful pasture management entails matching pasture production with animal requirements. On thoroughbred stud farms, a mixture of different classes of horses and co-grazers. principally cattle, make up the animal requirements. This paper examines the relationship between pasture production and animal requirement on a large-scale thoroughbred stud operation. Data from a typical stud farm near Matamata were used to assess total animal requirements. Pasture production was determined from long-term, local mowing trials. Pastures failed to meet animal requirements on this stud from April through to August, while a surplus of pasture growth occurred from September through until March. Pasture utilisation over the main pasture growing period was estimated to be low. Alternative management options are proposed and discussed. Keywords: thoroughbreds, pasture production, management systems, perennial pastures
A CO-OPERATIVE PROGRAMME TO EXTEND LAMB PRODUCTION IN SOUTHLAND
Authors: Stevens D.R. , Lee D.M. , Dillon M.B. , Turner J.D.
Published: July 2020

In Southland lambs are processed from November to May, resultmg in inefficient use of processing facilities and an inability to meet some market requirements for a continuous supply of product. However, spreading of lamb slaughter is hindered by the seasonal pattern of pasture growth and climatic conditions in Southland. Grasslands Diviston DSIR, Mervyn Dillon and Challenge Meats Ltd are now co-operating in a programme to overcome the pasture growth and cllmatlc constraints to extend the period of lamb slaughter in Southland. In the first part of the study silage alone or m various combmatlons wth gram was fed to lambs in wmter. Silage-fed lambs wth a high proportion of grain grew at the best and most consistent rates. Silage-fed lambs without grain supplements had inconsistent weight gams and a growth response so vanable that treatments ended early. Weight gains for grass-fed lambs were affected by preconditioning on to silage and reduction in the feed supply during wmter. However, pasture-fed lambs still produced the heaviest carcasses and greatest returns. Carcass grades had to be monitored closely to achieve maximum returns. Keywords: Southland, out-of-season lamb. lamb production. writer feeding
AUTUMN NITROGEN FERTILISER IN A DRYLAND SHEEP SYSTEM
Authors: Hoglund J.H. , Pennell C.G.L.
Published: July 2020

Applying 50 kg N/ha to dryland ryegrass-white clover pasture in autumn in each of four years resulted in an increased carrying capacity over the control for the last two years of 137 kg liveweight per ha at minimum in December, with an early spring peak of 211 kg extra liveweight per ha. Despite higher stocking rates on N-treated pastures in the later years. feed on offer at grazing was greater from early winter until the onset of severe drought, typically 8 months later. This improved level of feeding lifted ewe bodyweights post lambing by at least 4 kg. These higher ewe body weights were associated with significantly higher birth weights of twin lambs. Daily growth rates of these lambs. in a flock averagmg better than 175% lambing, were in excess of 260 g/head when ewe bodyweights were over 60 kg post lambing. Keywords: Nitrogen fertiliser, sheep grazing, lamb growth rates
Management of grazing systems
Authors: Hodgson J.
Published: July 2020

Recent assessments of the relative importance of stocking rate. stocking policy and grazing management on the output from pastoral systems are used as a starting point to argue the need for objective pasture assessments to aid control of livestock enterprises to meet production targets. Variations in stocking rates, stocking policy and other management practices all provide alternative means of control of pasture conditions which are the major determinants of pasture and animal performance. Understanding of the influence of pasture conditions on systems performance should provide a better basis for management control and for Communication between farmers, extension officers and researchers. Keywords: Stocking rate, pasture condition, pasture cover
THE EVOLUTION OF PLOT IN ARSENY TARKOVSKY’S LYRICAL POETRY OF 1930-60S: «GUEST-STAR», «BEFORE SNOWING»
Authors: Nikitina Tat’yana Yu.
Published: July 2020

The article considers the development of typological plot event in Arseny Tarkovsky’s lyrical poetry from his early works presented in the book «Guest-Star», to poems written in 1950-60s, making the collection «Before Snowing». Particular attention is paid to the correlation of plot event and spatial model of the world which refl ects the acquired emotional and mental experience and actualises ideas about the essence of interaction of the world and man.
In Arseny Tarkovsky’s poems of 1930-40s, the spatial model of the world is presented as a correlation of «centre» and «periphery» («home» and outside world) which actualises the opposition of life as such and refl ective consciousness of the poet alienated from external existence. In lyrical poetry of 1950-60s, the development of the spatial model takes place which is connected with refusal from truths of the highest order and an attempt of justifi cation of the value of the world of men. At fi rst Arseny Tarkovsky represented such model as a fl oral vertical which has anthropomorphic features – Tree of World. The plot event is the refl ection on the essence of this spatial model and awareness of its defi ciencies – it reveals its ambivalence combining elevated and low images of the world and in consciousness it alienates from living life with its «noxiousness».
The result of the evolution of the plot event in Arseny Tarkovsky’s lyrical poetry of 1930-60s is confi rmation of incomprehensibility and mystique of life and also refusal from absolute knowledge and transfer of meaningfulness of creativity to preservation of “root relationship” between man and world of men.
ROLE STRUCTURE OF HIGHER SCHOOL TEACHER’S PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Kolobova Ekaterina A. , Samokhvalova Anna G. , Sokova Galina G. , Timonina Lyubov’ I.
Published: July 2020

The article raises topical issues of the implementation of the competency approach to the professional activity of a higher education teacher, differentiation of pedagogic work, the introduction of individual and subjective approaches to the organization of the educational process at a university. The changes occurring in higher education, and the requirements for the teacher in the modern educational environment, which are associated with the multifunctionality of the role of the teacher in modern conditions, are described – be able to educate students and evaluate knowledge and competences, organise scientifi c activities, update the content and forms of taught disciplines taking into account state standards of education of the Russian Federation, involve students in project activities, apply distance learning technologies, cooperate with employers. The possible role positions of the modern teacher of higher education («methodologist-subject», «mentor», «tutor», «scientist», «educator», «coordinator»), as well as the competences, knowledge necessary for the successful implementation
of these positions, have been identifi ed and described. skills, pedagogic actions and means. The results of the study of the role structure of the professional activity of teachers of Kostroma State University are presented, the main points of growth of
professional competences of the university teaching staff are identified.
Anti-inflammatory potential of the aqueous extract of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba against the MSU-induced arthritis in female Wistar albino rats
Authors: Simon Jerine Peter , Katturaja Ram Kumar , Namachivayan Arunraj , Nithyanandham Sangeetha , Parthasarathy Manisha , Prince Sabina Evan
Published: July 2020

Objective: Gout is an acute inflammation with joint swelling and pain. Uric acid plays a major role in causing gouty arthritis. Crystal shaped uric acid was found in the joint fluid at the severe condition. Guar gum is an herbal product with numerous medical benefits and its botanical name is Cyamopsis tetragonoloba. This study aims to find the protective activity of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba against the MSU-induced gouty arthritis in female Wistar albino rats. Methods: The parameters like weight assessment, paw volume, biochemical parameters (urea, uric acid and creatinine), antioxidant activities and histopathological of paw have been analyzed. The animals have been divided into 5 groups as follows 1) normal control, 2) Monosodium Urate Crystal (MSU)-induced on 1st day, 3) MSU-induced and treated with 500 mg of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, 4) MSU-induced and treated with 1000 mg of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba and 5) MSU-induced and treated with indomethacin. Results: Aqueous extract of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba has shown reduced paw volume, renal markers, lipid peroxidation and acid phosphatase, whereas it raised anti-oxidants levels and diminished the inflammation in rats paw bone. Conclusion: The aqueous seed extract of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba has shown good benefits against MSU-induced gouty arthritis. The molecular studies have to be studied to known this mechanism in treating the inflammation.