bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shrinkage Estimation and Forecasting in Dynamic Regression Models Under Structural Instability
Authors: Mehrabani Ali , Parsaeian Shahnaz , Ullah Aman
Published: June 2024

This paper introduces a Stein-like shrinkage method for estimating slope coefficients and forecasting in first order dynamic regression models under structural breaks. The model allows for unit root and non-stationary regressors. The proposed shrinkage estimator is a weighted average of a restricted estimator that ignores the break in the slope coefficients, and an unrestricted estimator that uses the observations within each regime. The restricted estimator is the most efficient estimator but inconsistent when there is a break. However, the unrestricted estimator is consistent but not efficient. Therefore, the proposed shrinkage estimator balances the trade-off between the bias and variance efficiency of the restricted estimator. The averaging weight is proportional to the weighted distance of the restricted estimator, and the unrestricted estimator. We derive the analytical large-sample approximation of the bias, mean squared error, and risk for the shrinkage estimator, the unrestricted estimator, and the restricted estimator. We show that the risk of the shrinkage estimator is lower than the risk of the unrestricted estimator under any break size and break points. Moreover, we extend the results for the model with a unit root and non-stationary regressors. We evaluate the finite sample performance of our proposed method via extensive simulation study, and empirically in forecasting output growth.
A Reconsideration of the Core and Matrix Classification of Thalamocortical Projections
Authors: Sherman S. Murray , Usrey W. Martin
Published: June 2024

In 1998, Jones suggested a classification of thalamocortical projections into core and matrix divisions (Jones, 1998). In this classification, core projections are specific, topographical, innervate middle cortical layers, and serve to transmit specific information to the cortex for further analysis; matrix projections, in contrast, are diffuse, much less topographic, innervate upper layers, especially Layer 1, and serve a more global, modulatory function, such as affecting levels of arousal. This classification has proven especially influential in studies of thalamocortical relationships. Whereas it may be the case that a clear subset of thalamocortical connections fit the core motif, since they are specific, topographic, and innervate middle layers, we argue that there is no clear evidence for any single class that encompasses the remainder of thalamocortical connections as is claimed for matrix. Instead, there is great morphological variation in connections made by thalamocortical projections fitting neither a core nor matrix classification. We thus conclude that the core/matrix classification should be abandoned, because its application is not helpful in providing insights into thalamocortical interactions and can even be misleading. As one example of the latter, recent suggestions indicate that core projections are equivalent to first-order thalamic relays (i.e., those that relay subcortical information to the cortex) and matrix to higher-order relays (i.e., those that relay information from one cortical area to another), but available evidence does not support this relationship. All of this points to a need to replace the core/matrix grouping with a more complete classification of thalamocortical projections.
Celebrating the Birthday of AMPA Receptor Nanodomains: Illuminating the Nanoscale Organization of Excitatory Synapses with 10 Nanocandles
Authors: Fukata Yuko , Fukata Masaki , MacGillavry Harold D. , Nair Deepak , Hosy Eric
Published: June 2024

A decade ago, in 2013, and over the course of 4 summer months, three separate observations were reported that each shed light independently on a new molecular organization that fundamentally reshaped our perception of excitatory synaptic transmission (Fukata et al., 2013; MacGillavry et al., 2013; Nair et al., 2013). This discovery unveiled an intricate arrangement of AMPA-type glutamate receptors and their principal scaffolding protein PSD-95, at synapses. This breakthrough was made possible, thanks to advanced super-resolution imaging techniques. It fundamentally changed our understanding of excitatory synaptic architecture and paved the way for a brand-new area of research. In this Progressions article, the primary investigators of the nanoscale organization of synapses have come together to chronicle the tale of their discovery. We recount the initial inquiry that prompted our research, the preceding studies that inspired our work, the technical obstacles that were encountered, and the breakthroughs that were made in the subsequent decade in the realm of nanoscale synaptic transmission. We review the new discoveries made possible by the democratization of super-resolution imaging techniques in the field of excitatory synaptic physiology and architecture, first by the extension to other glutamate receptors and to presynaptic proteins and then by the notion of trans-synaptic organization. After describing the organizational modifications occurring in various pathologies, we discuss briefly the latest technical developments made possible by super-resolution imaging and emerging concepts in synaptic physiology.
A Review of Recent Improvements, Developments, Influential Parameters and Challenges in the Friction Stir Welding Process
Authors: Hussein Sadiq A , Hashim Ahmed Jasim , Khaleel Salah M , Al-Obaidi Mudhar A , Rashid Farhan L
Published: June 2024

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is an innovative and reliable welding technique. Since this method is environmentally beneficial, it has received much attention and development over the past few decades. This study aims to revise the conceptual facts of FSW and evaluate the most recent improvements and developments in its applications. This review also assesses the influences of design parameters such as rotational and welding speeds on weld quality and joint efficiency. Existing challenges associated with applying FSW in various contexts, as well as the potential advantages that might lead to further study and broader FSW applications, are addressed. It has been concluded that FSW allows for optimising the rotating speed based on the preferred welding speed to achieve the greatest tensile strength in the welded materials. Despite FSW being established as effective in laboratory and small-scale applications, utilising FSW for large structures poses challenges. These challenges include maintaining consistent weld quality, controlling heat dissipation, and ensuring joint integrity during FSW. Consequently, further research is required to resolve these challenges and make FSW a promising welding method in contemporary production sectors.
3D hUC-MSC spheroids exhibit superior resistance to autophagy and apoptosis of granulosa cells in POF rat model
Authors: Dai Wenjie , Yang Hong , Xu Bo , He Tiantian , Liu Ling , Zhang Zhen , Ding Liyang , Pei Xiuying , Fu Xufeng
Published: June 2024

In brief

This study reveals that orthotopic transplantation of 3D hUC-MSC spheroids is more effective than monolayer-cultured hUC-MSCs in improving POF and distinctly reducing oxidative stress through the paracrine effect, thereby preventing apoptosis and autophagy of GCs.

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a common reproductive disease in women younger than 40 years old, and studies have demonstrated that the application of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) is a promising therapy strategy for POF. Given the previously established therapeutic advantages of 3D MSC spheroids, and to evaluate their effectiveness, both 3D hUC-MSC spheroids and monolayer-cultured hUC-MSCs were employed to treat a cyclophosphamide-induced POF rat model through orthotopic transplantation. The effects of these two forms on POF were subsequently assessed by examining apoptosis, autophagy, and oxidative damage in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs). The results indicated that hUC-MSC spheroids exhibited superior treatment effects on resisting autophagy, apoptosis, and oxidative damage in GCs compared to monolayer-cultured hUC-MSCs. To further elucidate the impact of hUC-MSC spheroids in vitro, a H2O2-induced KGN cells model was established and co-cultured with both forms of hUC-MSCs. As expected, the hUC-MSC spheroids also exhibited superior effects in resisting apoptosis and autophagy caused by oxidative damage. Therefore, this study demonstrates that 3D hUC-MSC spheroids have potential advantages in POF therapy; however, the detailed mechanisms need to be further investigated. Furthermore, this study will provide a reference for the clinical treatment strategy of POF.
Adaptación de una escala de satisfacción laboral general desde la teoría de la psicología del trabajo
Authors: Luiz de Andrade Alexsandro , Mendes Pires Fernanda , Fardin Pedruzzi Pâmela , Mulinari Peixoto Júlia
Published: June 2024

Economic and technological changes, aligned to the pandemic scenario and world restrictions have expanded informal and precarious forms of work. The Psychology of Work Theory is a theoretical perspective of career and work, including formal and informal workers. In order to fill a gap of instruments for assessing job satisfaction characteristics in this context, the General Job Satisfaction Scale was adapted by the survey study with two waves of data collection. In the first sample of 709 workers, was explored the internal structure and precision aspects based on exploratory factorial procedures. The second sample of 600 participants, the one-dimensional structure was reassessed by confirmatory factor procedures, in addition to checking the instrument's invariance in terms of subjective social class (AB and CDE), gender (man and women) and work’s nature (formal and informal). Results pointed to a measure with good psychometric properties and an invariant metric for all categorical variables investigated.
Evaluation of shear performance of timber-timber composite joints
Authors: Song Yo-Jin , Baek Seong-Yeob , Hong Soon-Il
Published: June 2024

The mechanical performance of timber composite floors is influenced by the degree of composite action between the components. In this study, the shear strength performance of cross-laminated timber and glued laminated timber composite floors based on the joining method was evaluated by push-out test. Eight types of timber-timber composite joints were evaluated using three different methods: lag screw joints, glued-in rod joints using fully threaded bolts and glass fiber reinforced plastic, and hybrid joints. Strength characteristics were derived to make theoretical predictions on the load-carrying capacity of the joints. The results showed that the glued-in rod joints were superior to the lag screw joints, with slip coefficients and ductility measured as 10 times and 2.5 times higher, respectively. The reliability of the strength characteristics of the glued-in rod joints was remarkably different depending on the presence or absence of anti-adhesive tape applied to the timber-to-timber joint surface. The load capacity of the hybrid joint, which combines mechanical and glued-in rod joining methods, was 47% higher than that of the lag screw joint and 38% higher than that of the glued-in bolt joint. In the European Yield Model modified to estimate the load capacity of joints, the rope effect and the yield moment of the fasteners had a remarkable impact on the predicted load capacity.
Properties and hydrophobization of nonwoven-woven all-cellulose composites
Authors: Uusi-Tarkka Eija-Katriina , Eronen Eemeli , Begum Afshan , Jänis Janne , Kadi Nawar , Khalili Pooria , Skrifvars Mikael , Heräjärvi Henrik , Haapala Antti
Published: June 2024

All-cellulose composites (ACCs) have been fabricated by using a variety of cellulosic sources, versatile technologies, and are sustainable alternatives for traditional composites. In this study, nonwoven-woven ACC laminates were created from wood-based Spinnova short fibers and Lyocell fabrics via partial dissolution and an NaOH-urea solvent system. The less-known wood-based Spinnova fiber is created for the textile industry, but it also has great potential for the composite industry. To identify the mechanical properties of ACCs—which greatly influence the range of material application—tensile, impact, and flexural tests were conducted. The mechanical properties indicated only moderate properties, which are influenced by high porosity and weak fiber bonding. Despite this, valuable information on the nonwoven-woven structured ACCs was obtained. To improve the ACC laminate’s ability to resist moisture, bio-based coatings (e.g., commercially available birch bark betulin and suberin acid mixture) were applied on the surface of ACCs and it successfully improved the wetting resistance. The results of contact angle analyses demonstrated that the highest contact angle of 128° was measured for betulin-coated laminates and the best stable hydrophobicity calculated a minute after the beginning of the experiment were observed at 109° for the uncommercial pressurized hot ethanol (PHE) extract of birch bark.
The Global Burden of Resistant Hypertension and Potential Treatment Options
Authors: Buso Giacomo , Agabiti-Rosei Claudia , Lemoli Matteo , Corvini Federica , Muiesan Maria Lorenza
Published: June 2024

Resistant hypertension (RH) is defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) that remains ≥140 mmHg or ≥90 mmHg, respectively, despite an appropriate lifestyle and the use of optimal or maximally tolerated doses of a three-drug combination, including a diuretic. This definition encompasses the category of controlled RH, defined as the presence of blood pressure (BP) effectively controlled by four or more antihypertensive agents, as well as refractory hypertension, referred to as uncontrolled BP despite five or more drugs of different classes, including a diuretic. To confirm RH presence, various causes of pseudo-resistant hypertension (such as improper BP measurement techniques and poor medication adherence) and secondary hypertension must be ruled out. Inadequate BP control should be confirmed by out-of-office BP measurement. RH affects about 5% of the hypertensive population and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Once RH presence is confirmed, patient evaluation includes identification of contributing factors such as lifestyle issues or interfering drugs/substances and assessment of hypertension-mediated organ damage. Management of RH comprises lifestyle interventions and optimisation of current medication therapy. Additional drugs should be introduced sequentially if BP remains uncontrolled and renal denervation can be considered as an additional treatment option. However, achieving optimal BP control remains challenging in this setting. This review aims to provide an overview of RH, including its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic work-up, as well as the latest therapeutic developments.
Assessment of the Ischaemic Effects of Myocardial Bridge by Echocardiographic Exercise Stress Test
Authors: Lamendola Priscilla , Cambise Nello , Di Renzo Antonio , Tinti Lorenzo , De Vita Antonio , Tremamunno Saverio , Pastena Paola , Belmusto Antonietta , Montone Rocco , Rinaldi Riccardo , Villano Angelo , Lanza Gaetano A
Published: June 2024

Background: Detection of myocardial bridge (MB) at angiography suggests it has a role in ischaemic-related symptoms in patients with angina without obstructive coronary artery disease. However, evidence that MB may cause myocardial ischaemia is limited. Methods: We studied 41 patients with MB of the left anterior descending coronary artery and otherwise normal coronary arteries. Fourteen patients with normal coronary arteries and without MB served as controls. All subjects underwent a maximal treadmill exercise stress test (EST) under ECG monitoring. Standard and speckle-tracking echocardiography were performed at baseline and immediately after peak EST. Results: EST duration and peak heart rate and systolic pressure were similar in the two groups. A positive EST (ST-segment depression ≥1 mm) was found in 18 patients in the MB group (43.9%) and none in the control group (p=0.001). No abnormalities in both left ventricle systolic and diastolic function were found between the two groups in the standard echocardiographic evaluation. Global and segmental (anterior, inferior) longitudinal strain (LS) did not differ at baseline between the groups. There was a small increase in global LS during EST in MB patients but not in the control group (p=0.01). Similar trends were found for regional LSs, with differences being significant for the medium (p=0.028) and apical (p=0.032) anterior segments. No differences in echocardiographic parameters and both global and segmental LSs were observed between MB patients with ischaemic ECG changes during EST versus those without. Conclusion: Our findings do not support the notion that MB results in significant degrees of myocardial ischaemia during maximal myocardial work.
An investigation and design of novel moment-resisting beam-column connections for precast concrete construction
Authors: Mahamid Mustafa , Torra-Bilal Ines , Baran Eray
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the behavior of hybrid beam-column connections with numerous detailing methods to be incorporated into precast concrete moment-resisting frames under simulated reversed cyclic loading, and ultimately develops a design procedure. Seismic performance of moment-resisting precast concrete beam-column connections was investigated through simulated reversed cyclic load tests. In addition, nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) of typical monolithic and precast concrete connections was carried out using a modified concrete damage plasticity model. Good agreement was achieved between experimental and numerical results, which indicates that the FEA model is capable of capturing failure modes of the investigated precast concrete connections. Simple detailing modifications resulted in major improvements in the performance of connections in terms of load-displacement curves, stiffness, and energy dissipation. Finally, a design procedure was developed for the investigated connections based on failure modes and investigated limit states.
Caring for patients in the terminal phase of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Klich-Rączka Alicja
Published: June 2024

Regardless of the aetiology of dementia, its terminal phase has a similar clinical picture. This is when progressive multi-organ dysfunction and, ultimately, death occur. At this stage, the therapy of cognitive dysfunction loses its dominant role in favour of treatment that reduces the severity of behavioural disorders and, above all, efforts to intensify the care and ensure the comfort of the patient. Dementia usually coexists with other conditions, presenting a difficult and complex medical and care problem. In these patients, pharmacotherapy for all disorders should be limited to what is necessary, taking into account the multi-drug nature of the disease, as well as the short life expectancy of patients. The benefits versus side effects of therapy should be weighed very carefully, and unnecessary diagnostics, invasive procedures, unnecessary surgery, and burdensome therapeutic interventions classified as persistent therapy (futile care) should be eliminated. In terminal dementia, unnecessary hospitalisations should also be avoided due to the high risk of complications (infections, delirium, bedsores, thromboembolic complications, further deterioration of functional capacity, increased institutionalisation rates, and mortality). In Poland, the primary caregivers for patients with dementia are family members. As the disease progresses, care becomes round-the-clock, imposing a huge burden on the caregiver. At the same time, family caregivers receive little institutional support.
Analisis Tingkat Akurasi Data Batimetri Menggunakan Singlebeam Echosounder System (Sbes) dan Citra Satelit Spot-7 di Perairan Gili Ketapang, Kabupaten Probolinggo
Authors: Laily Hilda Hikmatul , Setyawan Fahreza Okta , Fuad M. Arif Zainul , Nandika Muhammad Rizki
Published: June 2024

Pulau Gili Ketapang memiliki jumlah potensi sumberdaya perikanan mencapai 40%, sehingga Gili Ketapang berpotensi menjadi daerah perikanan dengan sumberdaya yang cukup tinggi dan pelayaran yang cukup padat. Hal ini berarti informasi mengenai batimetri di perairan tersebut bermanfaat untuk mengetahui kondisi perairan, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat akurasi data batimetri dari Singlebeam Echosounder System (SBES) dan citra satelit SPOT-7, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai referensi kedalaman perairan. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan Satellite Derived Bathymetry (SDB) metode klasifikasi Random Forest dengan menggunakan software Satellite Derived Bathymetry (SDB) GUI. Kedalaman perairan di Pulau Gili Ketapang berdasarkan hasil pemeruman berkisar antara 0-30m. Profil kedalaman perairan pada peta batimetri 3D menunjukkan bahwa morfologi dasar laut tidak rata. Profil kedalaman dari garis pantai hingga jarak 200 m memiliki nilai kedalaman 0-20 m, sedangkan profil kedalaman dari jarak 200m hingga perairan terbuka cukup bervariasi. Klasifikasi kelas lereng di perairan Pulau Gili Ketapang didominasi oleh kategori datar sebesar 77,28%. Hasil regresi (R²) pada model SDB antara data citra dengan data insitu yaitu 0,59 atau 59%. Nilai RMSE yang tertinggi terdapat pada kedalaman 0 – 5m yaitu 0,87, sedangkan yang terendah pada kedalaman 15,1 - 20m yaitu 1,31.
Seasonal dynamics of cardiovascular events in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kuzmenko N. V. , Galagudza M. M. , Fedorenko A. A. , Zvartau N. E. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: June 2024

Aim. To study the seasonal dynamics of cardiovascular events (CVE) in the Russian Federation (RF) using medical and statistical data for the period 2016-2019, and also to establish an association of CVE risk with meteorological conditions.

Material and methods. We used data on hospitalizations for 2016-2019 for hemorrhagic stroke (HS), ischemic stroke (IS), myocardial infarction (MI), and acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Results. Data analysis showed that the maximum number of HSs occurred in winter and spring, and the minimum in summer. The maximum number of ISs was recorded in spring and summer, while the minimum in winter and autumn. ACS occurred more often in winter and spring, MI — more often in spring. ACS was accompanied by MI in 44% of cases. In winter, the probability of HS increased with decreasing latitude.

In summer, the risk of HS and IS was greater at lower air temperatures. In summer, the probability of IS and MI was associated with lower values of atmospheric pressure and partial density of oxygen (ρO2). In winter, the risk of IS increased at highr atmospheric pressure values. No convincing evidence was obtained of the influence of geomagnetic activity on the seasonal dynamics of the CVEs either throughout the Russian Federation or in the circumpolar regions.

Conclusion. As a result, meteorological conditions influence the seasonal risk of CVEs. A decrease in ρO2 in summer significantly increases the CVE risk associated with ischemia, which should be taken into account when preventing CVEs.
Investigating the Alkaline Potential of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Repair Using Selenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Shehab Njwan Fadhel , Hasan Nadia Hameed , Ismail Hana Khaleel
Published: June 2024

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar o efeito da adição de nanopartículas de selênio (SeNPs) ao agregado de trióxido mineral (MTA HP) em relação ao potencial alcalinizante. Além disso, examinou o material do conjunto após a incorporação de SeNPs usando a microscopia eletrônica de varredura de emissão de campo com análise de raios X por dispersão de energia (FE-SEM/EDX) para caracterizar a composição elementar e as alterações morfológicas resultantes da integração de SeNPs. As amostras de cimento, antes e depois da incorporação de SeNPs, foram examinadas usando FE-SEM/EDX. O nível de pH também foi medido com um pH-metro previamente calibrado com soluções de pH conhecido, para avaliar a atividade alcalinizante da substância integrada em diferentes concentrações de nanopartículas: Grupo 1 (controle): 0% p/p de SeNPs, Grupo 2: 0,5% p/p de SeNPs, Grupo 3: 1% p/p de SeNPs, Grupo 4: 1,5% p/p de SeNPs e Grupo 5: 2% p/p de SeNPs após 1, 7, 14 e 30 dias em água distal. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA unidirecional e testes de Tukey (P≤0,05). De acordo com o FE-SEM/EDX, as características morfológicas indicam que as SeNPs foram dispersas e integradas com sucesso na matriz de reparo do MTA. A análise de EDX valida a presença de selênio, confirmando a integração bem-sucedida. Os resultados confirmaram que o MTAHP apresentou alto nível de pH com uma redução perceptível na atividade alcalinizante com cada concentração incorporada de (SeNPs) que diferiu significativamente do grupo de controle em vários períodos de tempo (P≤ 0,05). Consequentemente, os resultados indicam que a adição de SeNPs ao MTA HP tem um impacto notável sobre o pH da solução de armazenamento, levando a uma redução significativa nos valores de pH para todas as concentrações e períodos de tempo quando comparados ao grupo de controle. A ação alcalinizante do MTA HP é altamente afetada pelas SeNPs incorporadas, tornando-o mais adequado para aplicação no tecido pulpar. Este estudo contribui para a nossa compreensão das alterações morfológicas e da composição elementar do MTA HP incorporado com SeNPs, aprimorando suas possíveis aplicações na regeneração dentária e tecidual.
HOOK ASSISTED REDUCTION IN CEPHALOMEDULLARY NAILING WITHOUT TRACTION TABLE
Authors: Tekin Cagatay , Gunaydin Burak , Karıksız Mesut
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction: Proximal femoral nailing for intertrochanteric femur fracture is sometimes a challenging procedure without a traction table, especially if complicated fracture pattern. We aimed to overcome this difficulty with the hook. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 60 patients. 28 of the patients reduction was necessitated with a hook (group 1). The other patients did not need to use this technique (group 2, n=32). The collo-diaphyseal angle, lag screw placement, and tip-apex distance were measured using radiographs. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding the Garden Alignment Index, postoperative collo-diaphyseal angle measurements, and tip-apex distance. The Garden Alignment Index was found as 163.92 degrees (dg.) In the frontal plane in group 1, and 154.78 dg in group 2, respectively. In group 1, the tip-apex distance was 16.05 cm, whereas it was 25.32 cm in group 2. The collo-diaphyseal angle was 133.1º in group 1, and 128.65º in group 2. Conclusions: The hook-assisted reduction is beneficial when operating without a traction table; however, it can also be a part of the surgeons’ equipment even when operating on a traction table. When difficulties in obtaining an ideal anatomical reduction in displaced intertrochanteric femoral fractures, we suggest using the hook-assisted reduction technique. Level of Evidence III; Case-control Study.
The influence of biological products and growth regulators on the yield and quality indicators of pea seeds of various varieties
Authors: Volobueva O. , Seregina I. , Belopukhov S. , Grigoryeva M. , Trukhachev V. , Manokhina A. , Kozlov N.
Published: June 2024

Abstract Peas are an important agricultural crop of great importance in human and animal nutrition. Peas, being a legume crop, help replenish nitrogen reserves in the soil. In field studies of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution of the Federal Scientific Center of Legumes and Goat Crops (Oryol region), the influence of various growth regulators and biological products on the yield and quality indicators of pea seeds of the Nord and Multik varieties was studied. Pea plants are grown on dark gray forest, medium loamy soil of average cultivation. Before sowing, pea seeds were treated with solutions of Kornevin, Albit and Epin-extra by soaking for 5 hours. Solutions of the drugs were used at a concentration of 10-6 M, then dried and treated with Rizotorfin before sowing. Growth rates during the growing season and the yield of pea plants were determined. The content of protein, starch and amylose in starch was determined in the seeds. Research results have shown that the yield of pea plants depends on weather conditions. Under favorable weather conditions, the highest yield was obtained from the pea variety Nord (42.2 c/ha) in the variant with seed treatment with Kornevin, and in the Multik variety (43.0 c/ha) when treated with Rizotorfin. In arid conditions, the highest yield of peas of the Nord variety was obtained using the preparations Epin-extra and Kornevin. The highest yield of peas of the Multik variety was obtained using the preparations Rizotorfin, Kornevin and Epin-Extra. The research results, confirmed by statistical evaluation, showed that bioregulators and growth regulators help stimulate the amount of nitrogen supplied to plants, as well as the synthetic processes of protein synthesis. This contributed to improving the quality of seeds and green mass.
Sumbawa cattle: a study of growth hormone (GH) gene variants and their association with biometric traits
Authors: Prihandini P. W. , Hasinah H. , Sari A. P. Z. N. L. , Tribudi Y. A. , Praharani L. , Asmarasari S. A. , Handiwirawan E. , Tiesnamurti B. , Robba D. K. , Romjali E. , Ibrahim A.
Published: June 2024

Abstract The growth hormone (GH) gene plays a vital role in regulating animal metabolism and body size, making it a potential candidate for influencing livestock performance. This study aimed to investigate the polymorphisms within the GH gene and their associations with 10 biometric traits in the Sumbawa cattle population of Indonesia. Biometric trait data and blood samples were collected from 112 Sumbawa cattle individuals, and their GH gene sequences were analyzed using two sets of primers for amplification. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the GH gene: g.442C>T, g.446G>C, g.558C>T, g.649C>A, g.1492C>A, g.1510C>A, and g.1578G>A. All SNPs were located in the intronic region except for SNP g.558C>T, which was found in the coding sequence (CDS) region. The SNP g.558C>T is classified as a synonymous variant. Haplotype analysis revealed a strong linkage disequilibrium between SNPs g.558C>T and g.649C>A. Distributions of genotypes and alleles of all SNPs were in agreement with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05, χ2 < 15.56), except for SNPs g.446G>C and g.1492C>A. The association study showed that the SNP g.442C>T significantly (p < 0.05) affected HL, BL, SH, and PH traits in Sumbawa cattle. Additionally, the g.446G>C and g.558C>T were also found to be associated with PH and CC traits, respectively. The polymorphisms detected in the GH gene could have implications for selection programs to enhance desired biometric traits in Sumbawa cattle. Improving livestock productivity can be done by understanding genetic diversity and its relationship with phenotypic characteristics.
Radiographic pelvimetry in hybrid marmosets Callithrix penicillata (E. Geogfroyi, 1813) × Callithrix jacchus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Callegari B.F. , Afonso B.C. , Quirino C.R. , Ruiz-Miranda C. , Hokamura H.K. , Silveira L.S.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT Radiographic pelvimetry is the measurement of pelvic diameters by radiographs. The results allow us to determine the pelvimetric pattern of a species, generating data for prophylactic methods against parturition complications and providing pelvis' anatomical classification. There is a lack of such data on wild animals. Callithrix penicillata and C. jacchus are two marmoset species introduced in Southeast Brazil, mainly by anthropic action, successfully adapted and hybridized. This study aimed to perform pelvic measurements through radiographic pelvimetry in hybrid marmosets (Callithrix penicillata × Callithrix jacchus) from different locations in the Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. The radiographs were performed in the Veterinary Radiology Department of the Veterinary Hospital of UENF, undergoing measurements through the "Image J" program of upper (UBD), lower (LBD), middle (MBD) bi-iliac diameters, right (RDD), and left (LDD) diagonal diameter, sacropubic diameter (SPD), and pelvic inlet area (PIA). Analysis of variance was performed with different origin locations and sex of the specimens, and means were compared through the SNK Test at 5% probability. Pelvic diameters of females were significantly larger than males, with sexual dimorphism. The pelvis was classified as dolichopelvic. The obtained data can be pelvic reference values for these animals.
Peripheral nerve stimulator improves efficacy of the proximal paravertebral block in sheep
Authors: Costa I.M. , Oliveira M.A. , Floriano B.P. , Abimussi C.J.X.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of proximal paravertebral anesthesia in sheep using a peripheral nerve stimulator and compare it to the Cambridge technique. Eight Santa Inês sheep, five females and three males aged 2 years and weighing 13kg were enrolled in the study. Right proximal paravertebral anesthesia was carried out using 2% lidocaine without vasoconstrictor, injected in the spaces between T13-L1, L1-L2 and L2-L3, with and without the aid of a peripheral nerve stimulator in two procedures with an interval of 7 days between treatments, which comprised: ST (stimulator treatment: 3mg kg-1 of lidocaine 2%) and CT (Cambridge control treatment, 6mg kg-1 of lidocaine 2%). Cardiorespiratory variables were recorded before the treatment (baseline, TB) and then at 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes (T15, T30, T45 and T60, respectively) following local anesthesia. Effectiveness of the regional anesthesia was assessed by means of mechanical skin clamping at a point between the iliac crest and the lowest border of the last rib. Data were tested for normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test and compared using Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn post-hoc test. Duration of the blockade was analyzed using a Kaplan-Meyer survival curve. Analyses were performed under 5% significance. ST took significantly longer and had greater success and greater duration. Positive response to skin clamping in CT was obtained in seven animals at T15 and one at T45, whereas in ST, one animal responded to skin clamping at T15, two at T30, four at T45 and one at T60. Duration was significantly longer in ST compared to CT according to the Kaplan-Meyer analysis. No changes were seen in cardiorespiratory variables throughout the study. In conclusion, the peripheral nerve stimulator increases the success of proximal paravertebral anesthesia using a lower dose of 2% lidocaine in healthy sheep.
Particularities of the conditioning of buffalo bulls in semen collection with conventional artificial vagina for use in favorable and unfavorable breeding seasons
Authors: Almeida J. , Brito M.F. , Becerra V.A.B. , Neves B.P. , Auler P.A. , Resende O.A. , Henry M.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the sexual behavior and accommodation characteristics of buffalo recipients patented for semen collection with an artificial vagina. Thirty bulls were sampled during favorable (March to May) and unfavorable (November to December) breeding seasons in a property located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil (Latitude 20°41'45'' South and Longitude 44°49'37'' West). Data were analyzed descriptively according to whether ejaculation was successful, using a range of behavioral parameters. A multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed using the responses and explanatory variables mentioned above. The results show that when more than three parameters are manifested, the chance of obtaining ejaculation increases by 9.0%, a value that rises to 28.2% when seven to nine parameters manifested by the breeders are observed. These observations allow us to conclude that it is possible to condition sexually mature bulls for semen collection through the artificial vagina for use in artificial insemination and fixed-time artificial insemination programs.
Zeolite abrogates cadmium-induced testicular damage in rats: implication of NF-κB/ TNF-α/IL-1β Pathway
Authors: Ibrahim N.M. , Kandil A.M. , Ali R.S. , Hesham R. , El-Ashram S. , Alquraishi M.I. , Abdel-Gaber R. , Dkhil M.A. , Elhemiely A.A.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant affecting various tissues and organs, including the testis. Many studies demonstrated that Cd toxicity causes testicular impairment through oxidative stress and inflammatory action. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate Cd's testicular toxicity and the protective action of zeolite against cadmium's deleterious effects. Adult male rats were given Cd at a dose of 30mg/kg/day for 28 consecutive days with or without zeolite, which was given at a dose of 100mg/kg/day for 28 days. Testis weight, sperm (count, motility, and abnormalities), serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH), testicular enzymes Acid phosphatase (ACP) and Alkaline phosphatase(ALP), inflammatory cytokines Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) , interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) , and Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) and oxidative stress were evaluated. Herein, we found that cadmium caused alterations in sperm characteristics, sex hormone disturbance, decline in testicular enzymes, elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, decreased glutathione (GSH), increased Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) and pro-inflammatory cytokines Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) levels in testis homogenate. In contrast, zeolite significantly amended these deleterious effects, and the potential mechanism involved the downregulation of Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), restoring glutathione (GSH) and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA). Also, zeolite was associated with an increased rate of pregnancy. Our data suggested that oxidative stress and inflammation are responsible for Cd-induced testicular injury and co-administration of zeolite exerts a protective effect via NF-κB /TNF-α/IL-1β pathway.
Legislações do ensino superior e a privatização da educação no Brasil
Authors: Rego Juliana do Nascimento Moraes , Oliveira Bruno Luciano Carneiro Alves de
Published: June 2024

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a trajetória das legislações relativas ao ensino superior no Brasil e suas contribuições para o processo de privatização do ensino, além de descrever os principais grupos empresariais no ramo da educação superior no país. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo exploratório de análise documental das legislações e documentos disponíveis on-line , publicados entre 1961 e 2023. Desde a década de 1960, editou-se um conjunto de 29 atos normativos (leis, projetos de leis, decretos, portarias e medidas provisórias) referentes à educação. Ao longo dos anos, todos os governos brasileiros implementaram atos que favoreceram o processo de privatização e o surgimento de grandes conglomerados econômicos de ensino. A intensa privatização do ensino superior se relaciona intimamente com a trajetória dos instrumentos normativos editados por diferentes governos. As legislações moldaram o sistema educacional do país e permitiram a flexibilização dos processos de criação e expansão de instituições, cursos e vagas. Por conseguinte, surgiram grandes grupos empresariais no ramo da educação, detentores de crescentes capitais financeiros que atuam em todas as áreas de formação e, em alguns casos, até se especializando na educação em saúde.
Fatores explicativos do suicídio pela visão indígena: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Baniwa Geana , Calegare Marcelo
Published: June 2024

Resumo Objetivo O suicídio indígena no Brasil é um fenômeno epidemiológico, complexo e multifatorial, e a busca pelos seus fatores de risco ainda não trouxe respostas conclusivas. A partir de revisão de literatura, buscou-se levantar os fatores explicativos para o suicídio segundo o ponto de vista dos indígenas a respeito desse fenômeno. Método Adotou-se o modelo PRISMA nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e na base de Periódicos da Capes, entre agosto e novembro de 2022, com os descritores “indígena AND suicídio”, “índio AND suicídio” e “indígena OR suicídio OR Brasil”. Resultados Dos 235 artigos encontrados, restaram 14 após terem sido adotados critérios de exclusão e inclusão, a partir dos quais foram elaboradas as seguintes categorias que indicam os fatores explicativos dos indígenas ao suicídio, sendo os primeiros três compartilhados com as explicações científicas ocidentais: perdas do bem viver, especialmente pelos jovens; consumo de bebidas alcoólicas; abandono das tradições indígenas; universo simbólico e mitos; feitiço e estrago; suicídio coletivo. Conclusão Foram tecidas críticas à visão meramente ocidental e à psicologia, apontando a necessidade de integrar as perspectivas indígenas sobre o fenômeno às interpretações científicas.
Sobre o valor dos gêneros musicais: desvelando as encenações do rockcentrismo nas categorizações musicais
Authors: Janotti Junior Jeder Silveira
Published: June 2024

Resumo O artigo busca pensar criticamente as bases teórico-conceituais dos estudos dos gêneros musicais, examinando o papel que tais estudos, com base no rockcentrismo, exerceram na análise das categorizações musicais. Este percurso parte da observação crítica da influência que o livro Performing Rites: on the value of popular music, do britânico Simon Frith, teve sobre as produções brasileiras. Como contraponto a esse modelo de abordagem dos gêneros musicais, observa-se que, nos últimos anos, questões de gênero, raça e geopolítica foram abordadas de modo dinâmico por meio de gêneros musicais como o brega-funk e o funk em ambientações comunicacionais diferenciadas do universo do rock tradicional que balizou as abordagens usuais das categorizações musicais.
Association between clinical characteristics of patients with pressure ulcer in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bavaresco Taline , Menegon Dóris Baratz , Macedo Andréia Barcellos Teixeira , Tanaka Raquel Yurika , Candaten Angela Enderle
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the associations between the clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized with pressure injuries (PI) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Cross-sectional study of 237 PI notifications in a hospital in southern Brazil. Collection took place in 2021 in an institutional management program, with interlocution to the patient's medical record. Analysis using descriptive statistics, Student's t-test, Pearson's chi-square and Wilcoxon. Results: The mean age was 59.4±14.4 years, with 59.7% male, 74.7% diagnosed with COVID-19. High risk (57.8%), stage 2 (80.2%), sacral region, intergluteal/gluteal region (73.0%) were predominant and death was the prevalent outcome (51.1%), with a median of 9.5 (0-217) days after notification. There was no association of death with diabetes, systemic arterial hypertension, smoking and reason for hospitalization. Conclusion: The association between the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with pressure injuries reflects the systemic inflammation of patients affected by COVID-19.
Diálogos com o cotidiano do território: o princípio da ação em uma comunidade ampliada de pesquisa-ação
Authors: Cunha Marize Bastos da , Pivetta Fatima , Dominguez Marcos Thimoteo , Sousa Fabiana Melo
Published: June 2024

Tendo como base as experiências de pesquisa-ação em favelas e na periferia da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, o artigo discute os caminhos da Educação Popular como princípio da ação, refletindo sobre a relação entre território e cotidiano, bem como apresentando o método da Comunidade Ampliada de Pesquisa-Ação (CAP) por nós desenvolvido como caminho artesanal de mediação com o território. Consideramos que a dimensão artesanal, dialógica e espiralar do método vem permitindo responder aos problemas colocados no campo da pesquisa pelo cotidiano do território onde se desenvolve. Assim, vai se configurando um método, cujo princípio da ação contribui para o debate sobre os modos de fazer pesquisas no campo da Educação Popular, bem como sobre as possibilidades de uma vigilância popular, em que o centro do movimento se encontra nos agentes sociais locais.
“Como eu fui me transformando”: juventude, prevenção do HIV e a contribuição de projetos sociais comunitários no Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Authors: Monteiro Simone , Fonseca Vanessa do Nascimento , Nascimento Marcos
Published: June 2024

O artigo analisa os possíveis efeitos de projetos sociais desenvolvidos na década de 2000, em uma favela do Rio de Janeiro, na trajetória de vida e cuidado da saúde sexual e reprodutiva dos participantes. Foram entrevistados cinco mulheres e cinco homens egressos/as dessas intervenções. Segundo os resultados, a abordagem dos direitos humanos e desigualdades sociais e de gênero somada à participação juvenil e parcerias institucionais, assim como à expansão de políticas públicas para jovens no país, colaboraram para que seus integrantes tivessem relações de gênero mais igualitárias, postergassem a maternidade/paternidade e adotassem práticas preventivas ao HIV/IST. Ademais, favoreceram o acesso ao Ensino Superior, a melhoria das condições socioeconômicas e influenciaram suas escolhas profissionais. Tais resultados podem orientar a implementação de ações diante do aumento de casos de HIV/Aids entre jovens e do desmonte de políticas públicas para saúde sexual e reprodutiva.
Entre baques e atraques: cenas de uma pesquisa cartográfica entre o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e a saúde suplementar
Authors: Oliveira Isaac Linhares de , Sousa Matias Aidan Cunha de , Queiroz João Gustavo Xavier de , Sampaio Juliana
Published: June 2024

A pesquisa cartográfica se caracteriza pela imersão da pessoa pesquisadora no território afetivo-existencial a ser pesquisado. Este artigo põe em análise, por meio dessa proposta metodológica, as implicações e sobreimplicações de um pesquisador negro, bissexual e médico de Família e Comunidade em um contexto de trabalho e pesquisa entre uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) e uma clínica de atenção primária de um plano privado de saúde localizada no município de Natal, RN. Ele desvela, por meio da “escrevivência” de quatro cenas, a precarização do processo de trabalho, a deterioração de algumas ferramentas clínicas e a forte presença de um racismo estrutural e institucional.
Popular Health Surveillance in southern Brazil: expressions of a pulsating territory
Authors: Meneses Michele Neves , Kuhn Marla Fernanda , Almeida José Carlos de , Carneiro Fernando Ferreira , Rocha Cristianne Maria Famer
Published: June 2024

Throughout the country it had been identified diverse initiatives of popular protagonism in the perspective of promotion and protection of life, in search of healthy and sustainable territories. This text aims at describing the experience of a historical, dynamic and permanent process of struggle and social mobilization against the violation of fundamental rights for health and environmental sustainability in the Settlement Santa Rita de Cássia II, in Nova Santa Rita, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. This experience can be considered as an action of strengthening and reinvention of health surveillance by the population, therefore a Popular Health Surveillance, trespassing the fragmenting frontiers of knowledge hegemony, going through paths that prioritize and face the problems of its living territory, a territory that pulsates and struggles since its resumption.