bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brewster quasi bound states in the continuum in all-dielectric metasurfaces from single magnetic-dipole resonance meta-atoms
Authors: Abujetas Diego R. , Barreda Ángela , Moreno Fernando , Sáenz Juan J. , Litman Amelie , Geffrin Jean-Michel , Sánchez-Gil José A.
Published: November 2019

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are ubiquitous in many areas of physics, attracting special interest for their ability to confine waves with infinite lifetimes. Metasurfaces provide a suitable platform to realize them in photonics; such BICs are remarkably robust, being however complex to tune in frequency-wavevector space. Here we propose a scheme to engineer BICs and quasi-BICs with single magnetic-dipole resonance meta-atoms. Upon changing the orientation of the magnetic-dipole resonances, we show that the resulting quasi-BICs, emerging from the symmetry-protected BIC at normal incidence, become transparent for plane-wave illumination exactly at the magnetic-dipole angle, due to a Brewster-like effect. While yielding infinite Q-factors at normal incidence (canonical BIC), these are termed Brewster quasi-BICs since a transmission channel is always allowed that slightly widens resonances at oblique incidences. This is demonstrated experimentally through reflectance measurements in the microwave regime with high-refractive-index mm-disk metasurfaces. Such Brewster-inspired configuration is a plausible scenario to achieve quasi-BICs throughout the electromagnetic spectrum inaccessible through plane-wave illumination at given angles, which could be extrapolated to other kind of waves.
Sustainable use zoning of land resources considering ecological and geological problems in Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, China
Authors: Gao Lin , Ma Chuanming , Wang Qixin , Zhou Aiguo
Published: November 2019

The Pearl River Delta Economic Zone is one of the fastest growing areas of China’s social and economic development. However, the contradiction between people and land, the deterioration of ecological environment and the damage of urban ecological security have become more serious problems. In previous studies there was single land utilization type in small-area and the evaluation method was not suitable to large areas, this study proposes a new method. Firstly, the study implements ecological land zoning from assessing the importance of ecosystem services functional in four aspects: biodiversity, water conservation, soil conservation and coastal protected zone. Then, the suitability evaluation index system of agricultural and construction land is established from the geological environment perspective, and introduces variable weight-analytical hierarchy process-comprehensive index model to evaluate the suitability of agricultural land and construction land. Re-zoning the type of land that has a special effect on the socio-economic, the mining land, protected area of geological relics and groundwater resources, respectively. Finally, considering the actual condition use status and suitability distribution of land, the results of comprehensive zoning of land utilization is got. The results of this study can provide some geological basis for the future land utilization zoning.
Inhibiting the LPS-induced enhancement of mEPSC frequency in superficial dorsal horn neurons may serve as an electrophysiological model for alleviating pain
Authors: Yang Chin-Tsang , Hung Shih-Ya , Hsu Sheng-Feng , MacDonald Iona , Lin Jaung-Geng , Luo Sih-Ting , Lin Pei-Lin , Chen Yi-Hung
Published: November 2019

Pain is a major primary health care problem. Emerging studies show that inhibition of spinal microglial activation reduces pain. However, the precise mechanisms by which microglial activation contributes to nociceptive synaptic transmission remain unclear. In this study, we measured spontaneous synaptic activity of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) in rat spinal cord superficial dorsal horn (SDH, laminae I and II) neurons. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) increased the frequency, but not amplitude, of mEPSCs in SDH neurons. Microglial inhibitors minocycline and paeonol, as well as an astrocyte inhibitor, a P2Y1 receptor (P2Y1R) antagonist, and a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonist, all prevented LPS-induced enhancement of mEPSC frequency. In mouse behavioral testing, minocycline and paeonol effectively reduced acetic acid-induced writhing and LPS-induced hyperalgesia. These results indicate that LPS-activated microglia release ATP, which stimulates astrocyte P2Y1Rs to release glutamate, triggering presynaptic mGluR5 receptors and increasing presynaptic glutamate release, leading to an increase in mEPSC frequency and enhancement of nociceptive transmission in SDH neurons. We propose that these effects can serve as a new electrophysiological model for evaluating pain. Moreover, we predict that pharmacologic agents capable of inhibiting the LPS-induced enhancement of mEPSC frequency in SDH neurons will have analgesic effects.
SQSTM-1/p62 potentiates HTLV-1 Tax-mediated NF-κB activation through its ubiquitin binding function
Authors: Schwob Aurélien , Teruel Elodie , Dubuisson Louise , Lormières Florence , Verlhac Pauline , Abudu Yakubu Princely , Gauthier Janelle , Naoumenko Marie , Cloarec-Ung Fanny-Meï , Faure Mathias , Johansen Terje , Dutartre Hélène , Mahieux Renaud , Journo Chloé
Published: November 2019

The NF-κB pathway is constitutively activated in adult T cell leukemia, an aggressive malignancy caused by Human T Leukemia Virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The viral oncoprotein Tax triggers this constitutive activation by interacting with the ubiquitin-rich IKK complex. We previously demonstrated that Optineurin and TAX1BP1, two members of the ubiquitin-binding, Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM-1/p62)-like selective autophagy receptor family, are involved in Tax-mediated NF-κB signaling. Here, using a proximity-dependent biotinylation approach (BioID), we identify p62 as a new candidate partner of Tax and confirm the interaction in infected T cells. We then demonstrate that p62 knock-out in MEF cells as well as p62 knock-down in HEK293T cells significantly reduces Tax-mediated NF-κB activity. We further show that although p62 knock-down does not alter NF-κB activation in Jurkat T cells nor in infected T cells, p62 does potentiate Tax-mediated NF-κB activity upon over-expression in Jurkat T cells. We next show that p62 associates with the Tax/IKK signalosome in cells, and identify the 170–206 domain of p62 as sufficient for the direct, ubiquitin-independent interaction with Tax. However, we observe that this domain is dispensable for modulating Tax activity in cells, and functional analysis of p62 mutants indicates that p62 could potentiate Tax activity in cells by facilitating the association of ubiquitin chains with the Tax/IKK signalosome. Altogether, our results identify p62 as a new ubiquitin-dependent modulator of Tax activity on NF-κB, further highlighting the importance of ubiquitin in the signaling activity of the viral Tax oncoprotein.
Deletion of the Na/HCO3 Transporter NBCn1 Protects Hippocampal Neurons from NMDA-induced Seizures and Neurotoxicity in Mice
Authors: Park Hae Jeong , Gonzalez-Islas Carlos E. , Kang Yunhee , Li Jun Ming , Choi Inyeong
Published: November 2019

The Na/HCO3cotransporter NBCn1/SLC4A7 can affect glutamate neurotoxicity in primary cultures of rat hippocampal neurons. Here, we examined NMDA-induced neurotoxicity in NBCn1 knockout mice to determine whether a similar effect also occurs in the mouse brain. In primary cultures of hippocampal neurons from knockouts, NMDA had no neurotoxic effects, determined by lactate dehydrogenase release and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent cGMP production. Male knockouts and wildtypes (6–8 weeks old) were then injected with NMDA (75 mg/kg; ip) and hippocampal neuronal damages were assessed. Wildtypes developed severe tonic-clonic seizures, whereas knockouts had mild seizure activity (motionless). In knockouts, the NOS activity, caspase-3 expression/activity and the number of TUNEL-positive cells were significantly low. Immunochemical analysis revealed decreased expression levels of the NMDA receptor subunit GluN1 and the postsynaptic density protein PSD-95 in knockouts. Extracellular recording from hippocampal slices showed no Mg2+/NMDA-mediated epileptiform events in knockouts. In conclusion, these results show a decrease in NMDA neurotoxicity by NBCn1 deletion. Given that acid extrusion has been known to prevent pH decrease and protect neurons from acid-induced damage, our study presents novel evidence that acid extrusion by NBCn1 stimulates neurotoxicity.
Ptychography of pure quantum states
Authors: Fernandes Mário Foganholi , Neves Leonardo
Published: November 2019

Ptychography is an imaging technique in which a localized illumination scans overlapping regions of an object and generates a set of diffraction intensities used to computationally reconstruct its complex-valued transmission function. We propose a quantum analogue of this technique designed to reconstruct d-dimensional pure states. A set of n rank-r projectors “scans” overlapping parts of an input state and the moduli of the d Fourier amplitudes of each part are measured. These nd outcomes are fed into an iterative phase retrieval algorithm that estimates the state. Using d up to 100 and r around d / 2, we performed numerical simulations for single systems in an economic (n = 4) and a costly (n = d) scenario, as well as for multiqubit systems (n = 6logd). This numeric study included realistic amounts of depolarization and poissonian noise, and all scenarios yielded, in general, reconstructions with infidelities below 10−2. The method is shown, therefore, to be resilient to noise and, for any d, requires a simple and fast postprocessing algorithm. We show that the algorithm is equivalent to an alternating gradient search, which ensures that it does not suffer from local-minima stagnation. Unlike traditional approaches to state reconstruction, the ptychographic scheme uses a single measurement basis; the diversity and redundancy in the measured data—key for its success—are provided by the overlapping projections. We illustrate the simplicity of this scheme with the paradigmatic multiport interferometer.
Color preference of the spotted wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Little Catherine M. , Rizzato A. Rebecca , Charbonneau Lise , Chapman Thomas , Hillier N. Kirk
Published: November 2019

Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a significant invasive pest in soft-skin fruits and berries in Asia, Europe, and North and South America. Many herbivorous insects use multiple cues for host selection, particularly olfactory and visual stimuli. The visual system of closely-related Drosophila melanogaster is well-documented, expressing strong sensitivity to short-wavelength colors (ultraviolet to green) and only limited sensitivity to long-wavelength colors (red to infrared). Our results suggest that D. suzukii have limited ability to distinguish red consistent with visual sensitivity range within the melanogaster subgroup. We propose that color contrast rather than color appearance may be of greater importance in orientation and attraction. We propose that differences in reflectance between light wavelengths important for color opponency are key to color discrimination to provide color contrast between foreground and background, as occurs between fruit and foliage, during host-finding.
Nanoplastics can change the secondary structure of proteins
Authors: Hollóczki Oldamur , Gehrke Sascha
Published: November 2019

Submillimetre-sized plastic particles (microplastics and nanoplastics) of waste origin in the environment have been repeatedly suggested in recent years to have severe impact on living organisms. While the uptake of these materials has been unequivocally evidenced for animals, so far no adverse effects have been observed in the corresponding animal experiments. In this study, we show that nanoplastics are prone to interact with proteins, and this interaction fundamentally changes the functionally crucial secondary structure of these biomolecules, and thereby denaturates them. These results show, for the first time, that the interplay between plastic waste and biological matter can induce significant cellular and thereby ecological damages. Observing these remarkable microscopic level changes highlights the urgent need to extend investigating the effects of these materials through further modelling and molecular biological methods.
Influence of midazolam-related genetic polymorphism on conscious sedation during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in a Korean population
Authors: Park Jae Yong , Kim Beom Jin , Lee Sang Wook , Kang Hyun , Kim Jeong Wook , Jang In-Jin , Kim Jae Gyu
Published: November 2019

Genetic polymorphism can result in abnormal pharmacodynamics that subsequently leads to the individual variance in sedative effects and adverse reactions. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association between midazolam-related genetic polymorphism and sedative effects, including adverse reactions, under conscious sedation during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. We prospectively enrolled 100 eligible patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The efficacy of the sedation, adverse reactions, plasma concentration of midazolam and 1-hydroxymidazolam were investigated as well as the genetic polymorphism of MDR1 and CYP3A5. The correlation between genetic polymorphism and sedative effects was assessed. Regarding MDR1 gene, the plasma concentration of midazolam was greater in patients with CGC haplotype (P = 0.012), while it was lower in patients with CAC haplotype (P = 0.005) than in those with other haplotypes. However, genetic polymorphism of neither MDR1 nor CYP3A5 correlated with the plasma concentration of 1-hydroxymidazolam. CGT haplotype of MDR1 was significantly correlated with sedation grade after midazolam administration (P = 0.042). In contrast, genetic polymorphism of CYP3A5 was not correlated with sedation grade. There was no association between genetic polymorphism of MDR1 or CYP3A5 and selected adverse reactions related to midazolam. Genetic polymorphism of MDR1 influences the concentration of midazolam and the sedation grade. However, it is not associated with adverse reactions such as paradoxical response and retrograde amnesia.
Steady-state activation of the high-affinity isoform of the α4β2δ GABAA receptor
Authors: Pierce Spencer R. , Senneff Thomas C. , Germann Allison L. , Akk Gustav
Published: November 2019

Activation of GABAA receptors consisting of α4, β2 (or β3), and δ subunits is a major contributor to tonic inhibition in several brain regions. The goal of this study was to analyze the function of the α4β2δ receptor in the presence of GABA and other endogenous and clinical activators and modulators under steady-state conditions. We show that the receptor has a high constitutive open probability (~0.1), but is only weakly activated by GABA that has a maximal peak open probability (POpen,peak) of 0.4, taurine (maximal POpen,peak = 0.4), or the endogenous steroid allopregnanolone (maximal POpen,peak = 0.2). The intravenous anesthetic propofol is a full agonist (maximal POpen,peak = 0.99). Analysis of currents using a cyclic three-state Resting-Active-Desensitized model indicates that the maximal steady-state open probability of the α4β2δ receptor is ~0.45. Steady-state open probability in the presence of combinations of GABA, taurine, propofol, allopregnanolone and/or the inhibitory steroid pregnenolone sulfate closely matched predicted open probability calculated assuming energetic additivity. The results suggest that the receptor is active in the presence of physiological concentrations of GABA and taurine, but, surprisingly, that receptor activity is only weakly potentiated by propofol.
Effects of ecological factors on the antioxidant potential and total phenol content of Scrophularia striata Boiss
Authors: Zargoosh Zahra , Ghavam Mansureh , Bacchetta Gianluigi , Tavili Ali
Published: November 2019

Scrophularia striata, commonly known as figwort, is one of the most important medicinal plants that mainly grows in cold regions of the Zagros Mountains (West of Iran). Although the chemical composition of this plant species has not yet been explored, people living in Ilam province (W Iran) have used it for many years to treat different illnesses. The present study aims to analyze the effect of some ecological factors on the antioxidant potential and the amount of phenol present in this plant species, using a random factorial design with two factors (elevation and region) and three replicates. The fruits of the plant were gathered from three different elevations. They were collected from three regions of the Ilam province (Badreh, Dareshahr, and Dehloran) in June 2016, when the fruits appear. Moreover, to analyze different soil chemical and physical features, soil samples were gathered from a depth of 0.5 m under the shrubs. The antioxidant action of the methanol extract from the plant samples and the total amount of phenol compounds were measured using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the Folin-Ciocalteu method, respectively. The results showed that the effects of site and elevation, and the interaction between these factors, on the antioxidant potential and total phenol amount were significant with a probability of error of 1%. The maximum extract efficiency (19.37 ± 3.07%), antioxidant potential (126.5656 ± 0.96 µg/mL), and total amount of phenol (55.7689 ± 3.17 µg/mL) were obtained from Dareshahr at an elevation of 600 m above mean sea level. The minimum amount of total phenol (24.6544 ± 3.21 µg/ml) was recorded at the lowest elevation of Badreh, at which phosphorus, potassium, organic carbon, organic material, nitrogen, acidity, lime, and silt were present at the lowest amount. However, the antioxidant activity and total amount of phenol had a strong direct correlation in the two districts of Dareshahr and Badreh, but were reversely and strongly correlated in Dehloran. Therefore, it can be stated thatScrophularia striatahas the potential for antioxidant activity, however, the complexity of the effect of ecological factors on one hand, and the emergence of different chemical processes in the plant under such effects on the other hand, has led to the synthesis of different compounds with antioxidant potential in the plant in different regions.
Fear expression is suppressed by tyrosine administration
Authors: Soranzo Alessandro , Aquili Luca
Published: November 2019

Animal studies have demonstrated that catecholamines regulate several aspects of fear conditioning. In humans, however, pharmacological manipulations of the catecholaminergic system have been scarce, and their primary focus has been to interfering with catecholaminergic activity after fear acquisition or expression had taken place, using L-Dopa, primarily, as catecholaminergic precursor. Here, we sought to determine if putative increases in presynaptic dopamine and norepinephrine by tyrosine administered before conditioning could affect fear expression. Electrodermal activity (EDA) of 46 healthy participants (24 placebo, 22 tyrosine) was measured in an instructed fear task. Results showed that tyrosine abolished fear expression compared to placebo. Importantly, tyrosine did not affect EDA responses to the aversive stimulus (UCS) or alter participants’ mood. Therefore, the effect of tyrosine on fear expression cannot be attributed to these factors. Taken together, these findings provide evidence that the catecholaminergic system influences fear expression in humans.
Introduction: History and Development
Authors: Hur Moon Young , Hwang Ilha , Kim Kimoon
Published: November 2019

This chapter presents an introduction to cucurbituril chemistry, covering its history followed by its growth and development. Since their initial discovery, cucurbiturils have risen as a prominent family of host molecules in supramolecular chemistry. The unique host–guest chemistry of cucurbiturils has allowed for the field to expand, finding applications in numerous areas. This chapter also provides a general overview of the contents of this book, providing a guide for the readers to easily search the material of interest. This chapter then concludes with a list of notable milestones in CB[n] chemistry, which will be discussed further throughout the following chapters.
Synthesis of the Cucurbituril Family
Authors: Hur Moon Young , Murray James , Kim Kimoon
Published: November 2019

In this chapter, the synthesis, mechanism of formation, structural features, and functionalization of cucurbituril family members are introduced. Synthetic methodologies for the preparation of cucurbituril family members ranging from the initial discovery to recent developments are highlighted. A brief summary of the detailed investigation on the mechanism of cucurbituril formation, as well as key structural features of cucurbituril family members are showcased. Two major approaches to incorporate further functional groups on the skeleton of cucurbiturils are also introduced. One involves utilizing the building block approach, where the functional group is installed during the macrocyclization of cucurbiturils. The other applies direct functionalization of cucurbiturils, which installs the desired functional group through chemical and photochemical methods on the skeleton of cucurbituril macrocycles.
Coordination Chemistry of Cucurbiturils
Authors: Gao R. H. , Tao Z.
Published: November 2019

Cucurbit[n]urils are a family of molecular container hosts bearing a rigid hydrophobic cavity and two identical carbonyl-fringed portals. They have attracted much attention in supramolecular chemistry because of their superior molecular recognition properties in aqueous media. Especially, the interaction of CB[n] with various metal ions established CB[n]-based coordination chemistry as an increasingly important area in CB[n] chemistry. This chapter highlights the advances and challenges in the field of cucurbit[n]uril-based coordination chemistry. This chapter mainly elaborates on the following aspects: (1) simple coordination complexes of cucurbit[n]urils with metal ions; (2) poly-dimensional coordination polymers of cucurbit[n]urils with metal ions; (3) potential applications of CB[n]-based coordination complexes and polymers.
Gas Phase Cucurbituril Chemistry
Authors: Arslanian Andrew J. , Dearden David V.
Published: November 2019

gas phase studies of cucurbit[n]urils and their complexes range from simple mass spectrometric determinations of complex stoichiometry to sophisticated multi-stage experiments that probe structure, reaction kinetics, or spectroscopy in the absence of solvent while using microgram or smaller amounts of material. This chapter describes the electrospray and matrix-assisted laser desorption methods used to introduce cucurbit[n]uril complexes into the gas phase, and briefly introduces the computational, collision-induced dissociation, ion mobility, kinetic, and spectroscopic techniques used to study them, along with examples of each from recent literature.
Cucurbit[n]uril-based (n=7 and 8) (Supra)molecular Switches
Authors: Kaifer Angel E. , Peinador Carlos , García Marcos D.
Published: November 2019

This chapter focuses on the proficiency of cucurbit[7]uril and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[7,8]) as appropriate hosts for the complexation of aromatic stimuli-responsive guests, which translates into a wide variety of switchable assemblies. These CB[7,8]-based responsive aggregates will be analysed throughout the text both on the basis of the source of external stimulation, as well as the type of structural modification produced on the complex. Hence, whilst the structural features of CB[7] would serve as a starting point for the discussion of binary host–guest switches, the ability of CB[8] to complex two identical or complementary guests would allow us to study more intricate CB[8]-based homo- and heteroternary stimuli-responsive assemblies. Great attention has been paid not only to the analysis of simplified models, but also to the implementation of these into functional chemical systems.
Functionalisation and Self-assembly of Nanoparticles through Cucurbit[n]uril-based Binding Motifs
Authors: King K. , Sokołowski K. , Ren X. , Scherman O. A.
Published: November 2019

This chapter focuses on the use of cucurbit[n]urils for the functionalisation and controlled assembly of organic and inorganic nanoparticulate components. We begin by exploring the direct electrostatic interaction of the cucurbit[n]uril rims with metallic nanoparticle surfaces and how this can induce the controlled aggregation of nanoparticles. Use of this interaction in nanoparticle formation, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), catalysis and nanowire formation are discussed within. Cucurbit[n]urils can functionalise nanoparticle surfaces indirectly through complexation with surface-bound ligands. Nanoparticles can be assembled through such indirect functionalisation. If stimuli-responsive guests are used, then controllable assembly and disassembly results, and is discussed in depth. The chapter ends by looking at the use of cucurbit[n]urils in the formation of nanoparticles and colloidosomes through host–guest interactions. This wide range of capabilities makes cucurbit[n]uril-based nanosystems of huge interest for use in triggered assembly and delivery with many further areas yet to be investigated.
Cucurbit[6]uril-based Polymer Nanocapsules and Thin Films
Authors: Baek Kangkyun , Kim Kimoon
Published: November 2019

This chapter describes the recent progress in cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6])-based polymeric materials with an emphasis on polymer nanocapsules and two-dimensional (2D) polymer films. The development of the direct functionalization of CB[6] allowed chemists to synthesize CB[6] derivatives with multiple reactive functional groups at the periphery that can be polymerized to produce highly cross-linked two-dimensional polymer networks, which can eventually turn into polymer nanocapsules or two-dimensional polymer films having accessible CB[6] cavities. Unique structural features of the functionalized CB[6]s including a rigid, disc-shaped core and multiple polymerizable functional groups at the periphery allow the production of such covalently self-assembled nanostructured materials without the aid of templates or preorganization of monomers. Covalent and non-covalent post-synthetic modification can easily alter the surface properties of the polymer nanocapsules and 2D polymer films, which make them useful in a wide range of applications including drug delivery, biomedical imaging, catalysis, and separation. Furthermore, the two different morphologies (nanocapsule and 2D film) can be reversibly interconverted by solvent variation when the reversible disulfide linkages are exploited to cross-link the functionalized CB[6].
Molecular Recognition of Proteins by Cucurbiturils
Authors: de Vink Pim J. , Brunsveld Luc
Published: November 2019

In this chapter, an overview is provided of the different concepts of cucurbiturils directly interacting with epitopes on proteins. This overview also serves as an illustration of the potential of this highly efficient supramolecular chemistry on proteins. Cucurbiturils are ideally suited for the recognition of protein elements, because of their combined hydrophobic and polar recognition motifs and hand-in-glove steric match with selected amino acid residues. Especially, the diverse chemical characteristics of cucurbit[6]uril, cucurbit[7]uril, and cucurbit[8]uril have been shown to be ideally suited to bind different molecular epitopes on proteins, including two-fold epitope binding by cucurbit[8]uril, as illustrated via examples on N-terminal and mid-chain amino acid binding as well as multiple amino acid epitope recognition. Clever molecular recognition concepts and protein engineering allows for functional modulation and study of protein activity or controled protein assembly by virtue of the cucurbituril recognition. Enzyme activity regulation, inhibition of amyloid aggregation, directed protein-wire assembly, and generation of supramolecular biopharmaceuticals are highlights of the potential of the concept of molecular recognition of proteins by cucurbiturils.
Facile one-step targeted immobilization of an enzyme based on silane emulsion self-assembled molecularly imprinted polymers for visual sensors
Authors: Chen Guoning , Shu Hua , Wang Lu , Bashir Kamran , Wang Qun , Cui Xia , Li Xuan , Luo Zhimin , Chang Chun , Fu Qiang
Published: November 2019

The silane emulsion self-assembly MIPs can specifically immobilize HRP in a one-step process from a crude extract of horseradish (unpurified samples).
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) characterisation of abasic sites in DNA duplexes
Authors: Guerrini Luca , Alvarez-Puebla Ramon A.
Published: November 2019

Acquisition of the intrinsic SERS spectra of abasic sites containing DNA enables their structural characterisation and discrimination.
Deformation of stable and toxic hIAPP oligomers by liposomes with distinct nanomechanical features and reduced cytotoxicity
Authors: Zhang Liwei , Chen Qingyu , Li Ping , Yuan Liang , Feng Yonghai , Wang Jie , Mao Xiaobo , Liu Lei
Published: November 2019

Nanoliposomes can induce hIAPP oligomers to undergo fibrillation with distinct mechanical properties and reduced cytotoxicity.
Unexpected α,α′-difluoroethers from Ag(i)F and N-bromosuccinimide reactions of dibenzo[a,e]cyclooctatetraene
Authors: Fang Zeguo , Gillatt Roscoe Z. , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Cordes David B. , Carpenter-Warren Cameron L. , O'Hagan David
Published: November 2019

An unexpected reaction of dibenzo[a,e]cyclooctatetraene with Ag(i)F and N-bromosuccinamide generates bridged bicyclic α,α′-difluoroether isomers.
A benzoperylene self-assembly complex with turn-on excimer emission for wash-free cell membrane fluorescence imaging
Authors: Niu Niu , Zhou Huipeng , Liu Ning , Ren Jia , Li Weiqing , Yu Cong
Published: November 2019

A novel benzoperylene based probe was synthesized and explored as an excimer-emission, turn-on, and wash-free membrane imaging agent.
From CuFeS2 to Ba6Cu2FeGe4S16: rational band gap engineering achieves large second-harmonic-generation together with high laser damage threshold
Authors: Cao Wangzhu , Mei Dajiang , Yang Yi , Wu Yuanwang , Zhang Lingyun , Wu Yuandong , He Xiao , Lin Zheshuai , Huang Fuqiang
Published: November 2019

From CuFeS2, the introduction of Ge leads to an increase in band gap. The ordered arrangement of NLO active units [GeS4] results in a strong SHG response. Finally, Ba6Cu2FeGe4S16 exhibits good NLO performance (SHG, 1.5 × AgGaSe2; LDT, 2 × AgGaSe2).
A bright NIR-II fluorescent probe for breast carcinoma imaging and image-guided surgery
Authors: Zeng Xiaodong , Xie Liru , Chen Deliang , Li Shanshan , Nong Jinxia , Wang Bo , Tang Lin , Li Qianqian , Li Yang , Deng Zixin , Hong Xuechuan , Wu Mingfu , Xiao Yuling
Published: November 2019

A bright NIR-II fluorescent probe was synthesized for xenograft breast tumor and chemically induced spontaneous breast carcinoma imaging and image-guided surgery.
Anion ligand promoted selective C–F bond reductive elimination enables C(sp2)–H fluorination
Authors: Mao Yang-Jie , Luo Gen , Hao Hong-Yan , Xu Zhen-Yuan , Lou Shao-Jie , Xu Dan-Qian
Published: November 2019

A detailed mechanism study on the anion ligand promoted selective C–H bond fluorination is reported.
Catalytic asymmetric cycloaddition of unsymmetrical EWG-activated alkenes to fully substituted pyrrolidines bearing three different carbonyl groups
Authors: Wu Shi-Lu , Li Ning , Yin Guan-Wu , Xu Zheng , Ye Fei , Li Li , Cui Yu-Ming , Xu Li-Wen
Published: November 2019

A unique 1,3-dipolar [3+2] cycloaddition of alkyl 4-oxo-4-arylbut-2-enoates bearing two different electron-withdrawing groups could be completed easily via silver catalysis in good yields and enantioselectivity.
Template-free synthesis and metalation of hierarchical covalent organic framework spheres for photothermal therapy
Authors: Shi Yanshu , Liu Sainan , Zhang Zhixiang , Liu Ying , Pang Maolin
Published: November 2019

Room temperature synthesized hierarchical COF spheres were metalated with Fe3+and utilized for photothermal therapy.
A tri-functional metal–organic framework heterogeneous catalyst for efficient conversion of CO2 under mild and co-catalyst free conditions
Authors: Ma Dingxuan , Zhang Yaowen , Jiao Shaoshao , Li Jixin , Liu Kang , Shi Zhan
Published: November 2019

A novel tri-functional MOF catalyst was achieved by PSM method. Because of the synergistic effect of Lewis acid, Brønsted acid and Br− anion, MIL-IMAc-Br− displayed an efficient catalytic performance for CO2 conversion.
Pyridinium 1,4-zwitterionic thiolates as a useful class of sulfur-containing synthons: application to the synthesis of 2,5-dihydro-1,4,5-thiadiazepines
Authors: Cheng Bin , Li Yuntong , Wang Taimin , Zhang Xinping , Li Hui , Li Yun , Zhai Hongbin
Published: November 2019

A class of air-stable, odorless, easy-to-handle, and readily available sulfur-containing synthons that react with 1,2-diaza-1,3-dienes to afford 2,5-dihydro-1,4,5-thiadiazepines is described.
Porous Co3O4 nanoplates as an efficient electromaterial for non-enzymatic glucose sensing
Authors: Kang Min , Zhou Hai , Zhao Ning , Lv Baoliang
Published: November 2019

Porous Co3O4 nanoplates constructed by loosely interconnected nanoparticles were synthesized via an l-lysine assisted hydrothermal treatment and subsequent thermal annealing.
Effects of atomic species and interatomic distance on the interactions in one-dimensional nanomaterials
Authors: Bu Yi-Fan , Zhao Ming , Chen Yun , Gao Wang , Jiang Qing
Published: November 2019

The many-body effects of vdW interactions within 1D wires vary with the interatomic distance of wires and atomic species.
Theoretical research on the oxidation mechanism of doped carbon based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Yang Na , Peng Lanlan , Li Li , Li Jing , Wei Zidong
Published: November 2019

There are all possible COR and ORR processes on carbon sites. During the ORR process, carbon sites can be oxidized by intermediates of ORR, which leads to an Indirect-COR.
Creation of Si quantum dots in a silica matrix due to conversion of radiation defects under pulsed ion-beam exposure
Authors: Zatsepin A. F. , Kuznetsova Yu. A. , Wong C. H.
Published: November 2019

In this work, we report the mechanism of defects formation and discuss how the pulsed ion implantation actuates the process of silicon-quantum-dots formation in amorphous silica.
Dependence of water adsorption on the surface structure of silicon wafers aged under different environmental conditions
Authors: Chen Lei , Ngo Dien , Luo Jiawei , Gong Yunfei , Xiao Chen , He Xin , Yu Bingjun , Qian Linmao , Kim Seong H.
Published: November 2019

The structure and isotherm thickness of physisorbed water on a Si/SiOx surface depend on surface wettability and the physical structure of the oxide layer.
Ionic liquid/ZnO(0001̄) single crystal and epitaxial film interfaces studied through a combination of electrochemical measurements and a pulsed laser deposition process under vacuum
Authors: Kanai Mariko , Watanabe Ko , Maruyama Shingo , Matsumoto Yuji
Published: November 2019

O-Polar ZnO(0001̄) single crystals and ZnO and Mg-doped ZnO films which were subsequently deposited on the ZnO crystals by pulsed laser deposition were electrochemically investigated through the interfaces with ionic liquids in a vacuum.
Tuning the structure, thermal stability and rheological properties of liquid crystal phases via the addition of silica nanoparticles
Authors: Marlow Joshua B. , McCoy Thomas M. , Ho Cat Q. , de Campo Liliana , Knott Robert , Bell Toby D. M. , Tabor Rico F.
Published: November 2019

The effects of adding silica nanoparticles of varying size and surface chemistry to a liquid crystal system were analysed using small-angle scattering and polarising light microscopy, with varying temperature and applied shear.
Doping effects on the geometric and electronic structure of tin clusters
Authors: Gleditzsch Martin , Jäger Marc , Pašteka Lukáš F. , Shayeghi Armin , Schäfer Rolf
Published: November 2019

In depth analysis of doping effects on the geometric and electronic structure of tin clustersviaelectric beam deflection, numerical trajectory simulations and density functional theory.
Biomass-derived N-doped porous carbon: an efficient metal-free catalyst for methylation of amines with CO2
Authors: Tang Feiying , Wang Liqiang , Liu You-Nian
Published: November 2019

Developing metal-free heterogeneous catalysts for methylation of N–H with CO2 is highly desired. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of using N-doped porous carbons (NPCs) to catalyze the methylation of amino compounds with CO2 for the first time.
High resolution multielement XRF spectroscopy of extended and diffused sources with a graphite mosaic crystal based Von Hamos spectrometer
Authors: Scordo A. , Breschi L. , Curceanu C. , Miliucci M. , Sirghi F. , Zmeskal J.
Published: November 2019

High resolution Bragg spectroscopy from millimetric size sources has been performed in 6–20 keV range with the VOXES HAPG spectrometer.
Line-narrowed argon fluoride LA-LEAF for trace arsenic analysis
Authors: Tribbett P. D. , Jones C. A. , Anders A. G. , Rougeau B. , Merten J. A.
Published: November 2019

A tunable ArF laser is used for deep ultraviolet LIF of arsenic in LIPs.
Microfluidic retention of progressively motile zebrafish sperms
Authors: Panigrahi Bivas , Chen Chia-Yuan
Published: November 2019

A microfluidic concept was demonstrated for the orientation control of progressively motile zebrafish sperms through the hydrodynamic manipulation.
Stress-transfer from polymer substrates to monolayer and few-layer graphenes
Authors: Androulidakis Ch. , Sourlantzis D. , Koukaras E. N. , Manikas A. C. , Galiotis C.
Published: November 2019

In the present study, the stress transfer mechanism in graphene–polymer systems under tension is examined experimentally using the technique of laser Raman microscopy.
New green energetic materials based on unsymmetrically substituted pyrazole-tetrazines and their hydroperchlorates
Authors: Yang Zhen-Li , Wang Zhen , Cao Wen-li , Li Tong , Yang Jun-Qing , Zhang Jian-Guo
Published: November 2019

Some novel metal-free energetic materials were synthesized. Structural diversification of substituted tetrazines affects their physical and explosive properties making them have potential applications as green energetic materials.
A remarkable annealing time effect on the magnetic properties of single-source coordination polymer precursor-derived CoFe2O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Ghosh Debamalya , Singha Debal Kanti , Lebedev Oleg I. , Seikh Md. Motin , Mahata Partha
Published: November 2019

The diversity in the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of nano-sized CoFe2O4 samples has been derived from coordination polymers through differential occupancy of Co2+ in octahedral sites.
WP modified S-scheme Zn0.5Cd0.5S/WO3 for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Gong Haiming , Hao Xuqiang , Jin Zhiliang , Ma Qingxiang
Published: November 2019

In this work, a noble metal free photocatalyst WP/Zn0.5Cd0.5S/WO3 (WZP) was prepared for the first time by simple hydrothermal and physical mixing methods.
Fluoride capped V6O13–reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites: high activity oxidase mimetics and mechanism investigation
Authors: Song Jiayi , Li Huifen , Shen Hao , Zhang Xiaotong , Su Ping , Yang Yi
Published: November 2019

A novel high activity of the oxidase-like nanozyme of V6O13–rGO NCs, whose activity can be significantly enhanced by fluoride capping through surface chemistry.
Bifunctional silanol-based HBD catalysts for CO2 fixation into cyclic carbonates
Authors: Pérez-Pérez Jovana , Hernández-Balderas Uvaldo , Martínez-Otero Diego , Jancik Vojtech
Published: November 2019

Unprecedented silanol-based bifunctional HBD catalysts with tetraalkylammonium units directly incorporated into their structures were prepared from tailor-made silanols and used in the preparation of cyclic carbonates.
Lignite-derived carbon quantum dot/TiO2 heterostructure nanocomposites: photoinduced charge transfer properties and enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Yu Jia , Zhang Chuanxiang , Yang Yulin , Yi Guiyun , Fan Ruiqing , Li Liang , Xing Baolin , Liu Quanrun , Jia Jianbo , Huang Guangxu
Published: November 2019

A facile and green route to cleanly utilize lignite coal as a carbon source for preparing CQDs/TiO2 catalysts.
Photocurable modification of inorganic fillers and their application in photopolymers for 3D printing
Authors: Liu Yang , Lin Yucong , Jiao Ting , Lu Gang , Liu Jie
Published: November 2019

The reinforcement of photo-crosslinkable calcium sulfate whiskers and their reaction mechanism in photopolymers for 3D printing technology.
Nanocubes composed of FeS2@C nanoparticles as advanced anode materials for K-ion storage
Authors: Luo Yushan , Tao Mengli , Deng Jianhua , Zhan Renming , Guo Bingshu , Ma Qianru , Aslam Muhammad Kashif , Qi Yuruo , Xu Maowen
Published: November 2019

The unique core–shell structural FeS2@C nanocubes display outstanding K-storage performance with impressive specific capacity, excellent cycling stability and superior rate capability with 73% capacity retention at 2 A g−1.
The decarboxylative C–H heteroarylation of azoles catalysed by nickel catalysts to access unsymmetrical biheteroaryls
Authors: Yang Ke , Song Mengjie , Ma Zhiyan , Li Yi , Li Zhengyi , Sun Xiaoqiang
Published: November 2019

The direct decarboxylative C–H heteroarylation of azoles with heteroaryl carboxylic acids through nickel catalysts has been developed.
Azidofluoromethane: synthesis, stability and reactivity in [3 + 2] cycloadditions
Authors: Voltrová Svatava , Filgas Josef , Slavíček Petr , Beier Petr
Published: November 2019

Azidofluoromethane was prepared for the first time by the nucleophilic displacement of bromofluoromethane with sodium azide.
Effects of Bailing capsule on diabetic nephropathy based on UPLC-MS urine metabolomics
Authors: Xu Junnan , Yuan Qing , Wu Kang , Li Xiubin , Zhao Yuanyu , Li Xiang
Published: November 2019

UPLC-MS-based metabolomics along with pattern recognition was applied to explore the metabolic alteration of diabetic nephropathy and therapeutic mechanisms of Bailing capsule.
From the seminal discovery of proteoglycogen and glycogenin to emerging knowledge and research on glycogen biology
Authors: Curtino Juan A. , Aon Miguel A.
Published: November 2019

Although the discovery of glycogen in the liver, attributed to Claude Bernard, happened more than 160 years ago, the mechanism involved in the initiation of glucose polymerization remained unknown. The discovery of glycogenin at the core of glycogen's structure and the initiation of its glucopolymerization is among one of the most exciting and relatively recent findings in Biochemistry. This review focuses on the initial steps leading to the seminal discoveries of proteoglycogen and glycogenin at the beginning of the 1980s, which paved the way for subsequent foundational breakthroughs that propelled forward this new research field. We also explore the current, as well as potential, impact this research field is having on human health and disease from the perspective of glycogen storage diseases. Important new questions arising from recent studies, their links to basic mechanisms involved in the de novo glycogen biogenesis, and the pervading presence of glycogenin across the evolutionary scale, fueled by high throughput -omics technologies, are also addressed.
Doppler filtering approach to reduce the effect of in‐band interference in FMCW propagation data
Authors: Gökalp H.
Published: November 2019

This Letter proposes a method to reduce the effect of in‐band interference in average power delay profiles obtained from frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radio propagation data. The method is based on filtering the detector output in the Doppler domain. Results show that the Doppler filtering can be effective.
A stellar census in globular clusters with MUSE: A spectral catalogue of emission-line sources
Authors: Göttgens Fabian , Husser Tim-Oliver , Kamann Sebastian , Dreizler Stefan , Giesers Benjamin , Kollatschny Wolfram , Weilbacher Peter M. , Roth Martin M. , Wendt Martin
Published: November 2019

Aims.Globular clusters produce many exotic stars due to a much higher frequency of dynamical interactions in their dense stellar environments. Some of these objects were observed together with several hundred thousand other stars in our MUSE survey of 26 Galactic globular clusters. Assuming that at least a few exotic stars have exotic spectra (i.e. spectra that contain emission lines), we can use this large spectroscopic data set of over a million stellar spectra as a blind survey to detect stellar exotica in globular clusters.

Methods.To detect emission lines in each spectrum, we modelled the expected shape of an emission line as a Gaussian curve. This template was used for matched filtering on the differences between each observed 1D spectrum and its fitted spectral model. The spectra with the most significant detections of Hαemission are checked visually and cross-matched with published catalogues.

Results.We find 156 stars with Hαemission, including several known cataclysmic variables (CV) and two new CVs, pulsating variable stars, eclipsing binary stars, the optical counterpart of a known black hole, several probable sub-subgiants and red stragglers, and 21 background emission-line galaxies. We find possible optical counterparts to 39 X-ray sources, as we detected Hαemission in several spectra of stars that are close to known positions ofChandraX-ray sources. This spectral catalogue can be used to supplement existing or future X-ray or radio observations with spectra of potential optical counterparts to classify the sources.
Impact of middle range energy electron precipitations on polar winter ozone losses
Authors: Golubenko Kseniia , Mironova Irina , Rozanov Eugene
Published: November 2019

In this paper we present the study of polar winter atmospheric response to middle range energy electron precipitations. We analse the variability of the odd nitrogen group NOx, hydrogen group HOx in the polar wonter atmosphere and estimate the ozone (O3) depletion caused by the middle range energy electron precipitations. For the study we exploit 1-D radiative-convective model with interactive neutral and ion chemistry. Ionization rates induced by middle-energy electrons were taken from the CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6) solar forcing dataset. The atmospheric response to ionization rates induced by middleenergy electrons during polar night consists of increase of mesospheric HOx by 0.1-0.4 ppbv and NOx by 10-90 ppbv driving ozone losses up to 5% over zonal band of about 750 NH.
Resonant propagation of laser radiation in the upper ionosphere
Authors: Shevtsov Boris , Bychkov Vasily , Perezhogin Andrey , Seredkin Ilya
Published: November 2019

A brief review report is presented on materials for studying the resonant propagation of laser radiation in the ionosphere excited by precipitations of charged particles. The results of research and perspectives for the development of scientific area are discussed. The solution for the problem of wave propagation in random fractal and resonant media, taking into account the backscattering features, which can be used for remote sensing of the characteristics of the excited ionosphere is considered.