bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Communication Matters: A Systematic Literature Review on Malaria Prevention Behaviour Intervention
Authors:   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Genapathy Sivasangari , Mohamad Emma ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Damanhuri Hazwani ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Azlan Arina Anis ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Hamzah Mohammad Rezal ,   Universiti Malaysia Perlis
Published: December 2024

Malaria is a significant health problem, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions, regardless of it being a preventable disease. Despite numerous measures taken by health-related agencies, malaria cases continue to increase globally. Most of these interventions are intended to change the behaviours of individuals and communities to reduce the risk of malaria transmission, especially in the long run. However, there is a limited number of systematic reviews in the existing literature that focus on behavioural interventions for malaria prevention. Hence, this systematic review aims to highlight and synthesise studies implementing behavioural interventions to prevent malaria infection among at-risk communities. This study includes English articles from Scopus and Web of Science between the years 2009 to 2022, conducted based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2020 (PRISMA 2020). Out of the initial 67 articles identified through the screening process, four eligible studies of good to medium quality were selected for review. Three main themes were determined based on the deductive thematic analysis: i) tailor-made content, ii) community engagement and outreach, and iii) interpersonal communication. Based on the impact analysis of the four studies, this review concludes that behavioural interventions are an effective strategy to combat the prevalence of malaria worldwide. Hence, communities at risk of malaria would benefit from intervention programs that tap into behavioural change approaches inclusive of the three main themes identified in this review.
Keywords: Malaria intervention, behavioural intervention, social behavioural intervention, at-risk communities, systematic review.
Ideation Factors for Health Behaviour to Prevent Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)
Authors:   Universitas Pancasila, Indonesia, Febrina Diah , Saleh Amiruddin ,   IPB University, Indonesia, Suhaeti Rita Nur ,   IPB University, Indonesia, Muljono Pudji ,   IPB University, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

One of the health problems in Indonesia is the increasing death rate caused by non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This problem is related to the increasing number of people who engage in unhealthy behaviours. In the context of health communication, health campaign activities are expected to reduce these problems. This research analyzes the factors that influence health behaviour using a theoretical framework of ideation. Data was collected through a survey method using a self-administered questionnaire. The survey was conducted in Depok City and Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The respondents were residents aged fifteen years and over who had been exposed to health promotion campaigns or activities from the various communication channels used. The total sample size was 240 respondents. The variables in this research were education, communication channels, ideation, and health behaviour. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the empirical data and test the hypotheses. The results of the research demonstrate that the factors that directly influence health behaviour are communication channels and ideation. Education was found to not be able to directly influence health behaviour, but it does use ideation as a mediating variabel. This research also proves that ideation can be a mediating variable in health behaviour. Ideation is a significant factor influencing health behaviour. The findings of this research have implications for health campaign program designers, who should consider incorporating campaign messages that can increase ideation factors to improve public health behaviour and prevent NCDs.
Keywords: Communication channel, health behaviour, health campaign, health communication, ideation.
Utilization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Adsorbent for Removal of Acid Violet 17 Dye: Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Keklikcioğlu Çakmak Neşe , Şentürk İlknur
Published: December 2024

The adsorption capacity and separation efficiency of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) were investigated for the removal of Acid Violet 17 (AV 17) dye in an aqueous solution. The effect of reaction conditions, such as contact time, AV 17 initial concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, and temperature, on the adsorption capacity of MWCNTs was investigated. It was found that a contact time of 180 min, an adsorbent dosage of 0.8 g/L, and 100 mg/L AV 17 concentration are ideal conditions for maximum adsorption capacity (119.45 mg/g). AV 17 dye adsorption on MWCNTs followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9998) and the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9813) suggesting that adsorption was the uniform and homogenous process. The maximum adsorption capacity from the Langmuir isotherm model was determined to be 322.58 mg/g. Adsorption of AV 17 dye was determined to be spontaneous and thermodynamically favorable since the values of ΔGo were negative. Positive ΔH° and ΔS° values suggest that the process is endothermic and randomness. The research results showed the MWCNTs could be used successfully to remove dye for the water treatment process.
Characterization of Local Okra Seed (Abelmoschus Esculentus) Extract and Evaluation of Bioactivity
Authors: Çelebi Bilgenur , Ozer Sevil , Canım Ateş Sezen
Published: December 2024

A. esculentus (okra) plant is an economically important medicinal plant grown in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. The fruit and seeds of the A. esculentus (okra) plant; which are rich in oil and protein. The in vitro cytotoxic, bactericidal, and antioxidant activities of extracts obtained from different parts of okra (leaves, fruits, and seeds) were studied widely in the medical industry. This study evaluated the biocompatible and antioxidant potential of an optimized ethanolic extract of A. esculentus seeds. Commercially obtained A. esculentus seeds were first extracted and characterized by UV-Vis and FT-IR spectrophotometry. In vitro, antioxidant activity of okra seed extracts was evaluated using 1,1 -diphenyl -2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with different concentrations (0.5-5 mg/mL). Results show that the antioxidant activity increased in direct proportion to the increase in the concentration of the extract. In vitro, the cytotoxic effect of the extracts on C6 Glioma cancer cell line and L929 mouse fibroblast cell line was studied using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl -2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with the concentrations between 50-1000 µg/mL. MTT results showed effective cytotoxicity on cancer cell lines with increasing extract concentration (IC50 value for C6 was 273.4 µg/ml, while the IC50 value for L929 was 431.45 µg/ml). The study indicates that the extract isolated from A. esculentus seeds shows that all concentrations have a substantial amount of anticancer and antioxidant activity. In conclusion, A. esculentus seeds could be considered innovative products and be proposed for alternative end-uses in pharmaceutical industries with antimicrobial and bioactive properties.
The Effects of a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Therapy on Oxidative Stress in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Öztürk Mustafa Murat , Polat Muhammet , İntepe Yavuz Selim , Çiftçi Bülent
Published: December 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder that is prevalent and can have major health consequences. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether oxidative stress is induced in OSA patients. It was further aimed to assess effectiveness of a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on decreasing total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in OSA patients. This study included 70 patients with sleep disorders. Considering the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) score confirmed by polysomnography, the subjects were divided into two groups as OSA patients (n = 35) and control group including patients with simple snoring problem (n = 35). OSA patients received a CPAP therapy for one month. Blood samples were collected from both groups of patients to measure TAS and TOS levels before and after the CPAP therapy. TAS and TOS levels were significantly higher (p < 0.001), whereas minimum oxygen saturation (minSpO2) and mean oxygen saturation (meanSpO2) were significantly lower in the OSA patients in comparison to those in the control group (P < 0.001). Positive correlations were observed between AHI and TAS levels as well as between AHI and TOS levels. Moreover, positive correlations were found between TAS and average stress index (OSI), TOS and OSI, as well as between minSpO2 and meanSpO2. In contrast, negative correlations were observed between AHI and minSpO2 and meanSpO2, and between TAS and OSI, minSpO2 and meanSpO2. One month of CPAP therapy in OSA patients caused a decrease in TAS and TOS levels, and an increase in OSI, minSpO2 and meanSpO2 values (p < 0.001). According to the current study, OSA patients have elevated oxidative stress. One month of CPAP therapy seems to have a positive impact on the antioxidant status remarkably, and led to improvement in oxidative stress.
Oxidative Stress Mediates Anti-proliferative Effects of Nifedipine on AGS Cells
Authors: Joha Zıad , Göksu Sude Nur
Published: December 2024

Previous studies have demonstrated the anticancer properties of certain calcium channel blockers when administered as sole agents. This exploration aimed to explore the potential anti-proliferative activity of nifedipine on AGS gastric cancer cells and to determine the contribution of oxidative stress in mediating this response. To assess the anti-proliferative impact of nifedipine, AGS cell viability was calculated employing the XTT assay across a concentration range of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 µg/mL. Concurrently, TAS and TOS kits were employed to evaluate the drug's influence on oxidative stress levels. Nifedipine exhibited a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect on AGS cells, with a statistically significant reduction in cell viability. The IC50 value for AGS cells after 24 hours was determined to be 98.49 µg/mL. At this concentration, a substantial augmentation in TOS and a concurrent diminution in TAS levels were observed relative to the control group. These observations imply that nifedipine-induced oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms underlying its cytotoxic action against gastric cancer cells. Our results highlight the potential therapeutic utility of nifedipine in this cancer type.
Determination of Acidity Constant (pKa), Lipophilic Partition (LogP) and Distribution Coefficients (LogD) Values of Some 3-(2-Phenylethyl)-Tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-Thiadiazine-2-Thione-5-Acetic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Özen Gürkan , Palaska Erhan , Nemutlu Emirhan
Published: December 2024

Invasive fungal infections pose a significant threat to human health, emphasizing the urgent need for new and effective antifungal agents. 3,5-Disubstituted-tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives have shown promising antifungal activity. This study focused on characterizing the physicochemical properties, specifically the acidity constant (pKa), lipophilic partition coefficient (logP), and distribution coefficient (logD), of four 3-(2-phenylethyl)-tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione-5-acetic acid derivatives (EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4) with varying α-carbon substituents. pKa values were determined using two independent methods: parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) of UV spectroscopic data and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Lipophilicity was assessed by measuring logD values using the shake-flask method with n-octanol, and logP values were calculated based on the determined pKa and logD values. The pKa values determined by both PARAFAC and RP-HPLC showed a good correlation. The α-carbon substituent significantly influenced pKa, with electron-withdrawing substituents resulting in lower pKa values, consistent with inductive effects. The logD-pH profiles exhibited typical bell-shaped curves, with logP values at pH 5.5 ranging from -0.38 to 3.00. EP1, EP2, and EP4 displayed lipophilic characteristics, while EP3 showed higher hydrophilicity. This study provides the first reported pKa, logP, and logD values for these novel thiadiazine derivatives. The findings emphasize the influence of structural modifications on physicochemical properties, which are critical for drug absorption, distribution, and target interaction. These data provide a valuable basis for elucidation of the structure-activity relationship and formulation optimization of these antifungal agents.
Sisyrinchium micranthum (Iridaceae), a New Alien Record from Türkiye
Authors: Eminağaoğlu Özgür , Akyıldırım Beğen Hayal
Published: December 2024

Sisyrinchium is one of the largest genera in the Iridaceae family, including over 200 taxa. It is native to regions ranging from the Hawaiian Islands through temperate and subtropical areas of the Americas, extending down to the Falkland Islands. S. angustifolium Mill. is only recorded from Artvin, Kemalpaşa (Türkiye) from this genus. A newly allien species, S. micranthum Cav., has been reported as a new taxon for the Flora of Turkey from the eastern black sea region of Türkiye. S. micranthum is morphologically distinguished from S. angustifolium by urceolate-campanulate perianth, broadly acuminate tepal, 0.7–2 mm wide of node, 2–10 cm first internode, broadly acuminate petal apex and size of the capsule. Diagnostic characters, description and photographs are given in the manuscript. The distribution and habitat in Türkiye of the new record is determined. Taxonomic and conservation status of this species are evaluated.
Taliban Discrimination against Women: Comprehensive Analysis of Main Factors
Authors: Yusufzai A. , Geeta . , Kataria G.
Published: December 2024

Gender discrimination and misogyny targeting women in Afghanistan have deep historical roots, yet the Taliban’s imposition of systematic, organized, and violent oppression has exacerbated this issue significantly. This paper delves into the fundamental factors driving the Taliban’s discriminatory practices against Afghan women. Employing a mixed-method approach combining both doctrinal and non-doctrinal legal research, data for this study were gathered from written sources and 12 in-depth interviews conducted with religious scholars, Sharia law faculty members, law school professors, and women’s rights activists. Drawing from scholarly literature and interview insights, numerous factors underpin the Taliban’s oppression of women and promotion of misogyny. This paper specifically examines four primary causal factors: the influence of madrasas on societal norms and educational resources, the imposition of regressive edicts by Taliban leadership, cultural determinants shaping gender dynamics, and the disparities between urban and rural contexts.
Ethics of Sin and Punishment
Authors: Tihanyi M. , Vári V. , Krasnova K. A.
Published: December 2024

The aim of the paper is exploring the ethical foundations and approaches to crime and punishment relying on the close moral roots of criminal law. Our further aims are to prove value-based approach to the basic concepts of criminal law. Primarily we intend to apply legal theoretical methods to perceive the relationship between criminal law and morality. Our ethical approach is based on Christian ethics relying on Greek and Jewish foundations. We seek comparison of the ethical conceptual possibilities of crime and punishment and the basic concepts of criminal law. We find out that the term crime is not used in criminal law, but it builds on this fundamentally ethical concept. The indeterministic conception of criminal guilt as the basis of blameworthiness also appears in St. Augustine’s ethics, based on Greek and Jewish legal and ethical considerations. The social necessity and proportionality of punishment is based on the foundations of Christian social teaching. Some elements of the Restoration appearing in the modern criminal law approach reflect the values of the ethics of Christian punishment. According to the Christian approach the punishment is good if the sinner comes repentant and it leads to reconcilation between commitment and victim.
Influence of the operating parameters of air-sieve cleaning of a combine harvester
Authors: Kuvshinov Alexey A. , Usanov Vyacheslav S. , Sakharov Vladimir A. , Lipkan Alexander V.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: An increase in the quantity and quality of soybean crop seed can be achieved by using a combine harvester with two-phase threshing, since during conventional post-harvest processing, the yield of seed material is reduced due to the traumatic effects of the working organs of cleaning machines. One of the most important processes for obtaining soybean seed fraction is the purification process. In this regard, the improvement of air-sieve cleaning systems of combine harvesters is the most important task of combine engineering.
OBJECTIVE: Identification of the patterns of changes in the airflow rate depending on the operating parameters of the air-sieve cleaning system of a combine harvester.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: To study the parameters of the airflow, the experimental part of the research was carried out using a laboratory bench simulating the operation of a combine harvester cleaning system. A total of 43 experiments were conducted in three repetitions according to the matrix of the multifactorial experiment and 4 regression equations were obtained.
RESULTS: Empirical dependences that describe the change in the airflow rate behind the sieve depending on various parameters of the grain cleaning system are presented. The influence of the operating parameters of the air-sieve cleaning system of a combine harvester on the nature of the airflow distribution is studied. The change in the airflow rate at the outlet of the fan diffuser and the flow rate distribution over the entire surface of the upper sieve are considered.
CONCLUSIONS: The obtained patterns will be helpful to optimize the airflow distribution along the entire length of the sieve of the air-sieve cleaning system and to create prerequisites for automating the harvesting process. The decoded regression equations will be the basis for the development of an algorithm for automatic control of the parameters of the air-sieve cleaning of the combine harvester.
Application of Convolutional Neural Network for Seismic Event Classification: Impact of Dataset Quality, Distribution, and Human-in-the-Loop Feedback
Authors: Zhang Yanwei , Gao Stephen S. , Fan Xiaoyi , Zhou Shaohui , Qu Junhao
Published: December 2024

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have gained popularity in geophysical research due to their exceptional performance in various areas. However, achieving reliable results with CNNs typically requires a significant amount of high-quality data for training. In this study, we develop a CNN to classify natural earthquakes, mine collapses, and explosions using seismic waveforms from 287 stations in Shandong Province, China. The dataset comprises 1035 earthquakes, 159 mine collapses, and 586 explosions. To address the impact of unreliable measurements, we employ cross validation to screen, manually correct, or discard measurements with inconsistent labels assigned by human experts and CNN. By refining the dataset through these methods, classification accuracies for the three event types improved substantially, reaching over 95%. Notably, CNN outperforms human classification in this task, with its performance heavily influenced by the quality and distribution of the training dataset. Our research demonstrates the potential of CNNs for classifying seismic events while emphasizing the crucial role of human-in-the-loop feedback and the significance of cross-validation techniques in ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the CNN model.
New Formulation Reduces the Scatter of Earthquake Stress-Drop Estimation
Authors: Kurzon Ittai , Lyakhovsky Vladimir , Sagy Amir
Published: December 2024

Stress drop is the overall reduction of average stress due to energy release during an earthquake, and should reflect geometrical, rheological, and dynamic properties of the seismic source. Stress-drop values, estimated using seismological data, vary over four orders of magnitude making the stress drop an enigmatic parameter, and a reason for extensive research. Standard cubic power-law relation between corner frequency of radiated waves and stress drop with a constant coefficient K is one of the reasons for its significant scatter. We provide a new formulation, applying a strain-drop-dependent K; by that leading to a significant reduction of the relation of stress drop to corner frequency, down to a power law of 3/4. Results based on a wide range of theoretical, laboratory, and observational measurements demonstrate that the new formulation significantly narrows the three to four orders of magnitude of scatter, to about one order of magnitude around a value of 10 MPa. The more converged range of stress-drop values, obtained by the suggested new formulation, may be used to support those who argue for self-similarity of earthquakes. Yet, we identify internal trends within the converged scatter, governed by rupture dynamics, and by geometrical and rheological properties at the source.
A rare presentation of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis mimicking necrotizing mass leading to pyopneumothorax
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Shukla Jay Prakash , Srivastav Gaurav , Kant Surya
Published: December 2024

Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) is an immunologically mediated disease characterized by hypersensitivity to colonization by Aspergillus fumigatus. Pyopneumothorax and bronchopleural fistula are infrequent complications in patients with ABPA. In this case, our patient, who was diagnosed with ABPA, developed pyopneumothorax during the initiation of treatment. The proposed explanation for this condition is that mucus impaction in the bronchus led to colonization by the infection, which subsequently caused rupture of the lesion, resulting in pyopneumothorax.
Impact of turnip biodiesel-diesel blends on engine performance and fuel properties: a comparative analysis
Authors: Aydın Fatih , Oğuz Hidayet , Şahin Seda , Öğüt Hüseyin , Kayaçetin Fatma
Published: December 2024

The imperative for alternative energy sources has become increasingly evident due to the rising impacts of climate change and greenhouse gas emissions. Biodiesel has emerged as a prominent contender among alternative fuels, offering advantages such as low toxicity, biodegradability, and favorable emission profiles. However, its production faces significant cost burdens, mainly from the expense of vegetable oil. Mustard, with its high oil content in seeds, presents a promising alternative oil source for biodiesel production. This study evaluates the effects of blending biodiesel derived from Brassica rapa ssp. Oil turnip seeds with diesel fuel on fuel properties and engine performance. Transesterification was employed for biodiesel production, and experimental fuels were prepared with varying biodiesel ratios. Engine performance tests, energy analyses, and uncertainty analyses were conducted, revealing a decrease in torque, power, and an increase in specific fuel consumption with higher biodiesel ratios. Energy analysis showed an increase in fuel energy flow with engine speed. Overall, the study contributes to the understanding of Brassica rapa biodiesel production and its application in internal combustion engines.
O deslocamento das fronteiras linguísticas no processo da formação da Língua Geral Amazónica
Authors: Hlibowicka-Węglarz Barbara , Cardoso João Batista
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as mudanças no percurso da história das línguas na Amazónia colonial resultantes do contacto de várias línguas indígenas da população regional com a língua do colonizador europeu, isto é, o português. O contacto entre os diversos povos autóctones e o colonizador, portadores de tradições e culturas muito distintas, levou à formação no século XVII de uma língua, chamada de Língua Geral Amazónica (LGA), falada de uma maneira geral no Brasil, que entrou em decadência no século XIX em detrimento da língua portuguesa. Para atingir o objetivo assim formulado, propomos buscar todos os mecanismos do processo de interação entre os indígenas e os colonizadores que causaram o deslocamento das fronteiras linguísticas no processo da formação da língua geral em análise. No nosso trabalho, concentramo-nos no caso de deslocamento das fronteiras linguísticas ocorrido nas missões jesuíticas, em que uma língua de tronco Tupi foi imposta aos indígenas Tapuia cuja língua era originária de um tronco linguístico completamente diferente.
Los límites de lo vocálico y lo continuo en la fonología del español
Authors: Veiga Alexandre
Published: December 2024

Es demasiado habitual en fonología el describir ciertos rasgos inherentes en términos básica-mente fonéticos, no reconociendo por principio el funcionamiento relativo de todo rasgo fonológico. La observación en español de propiedades aparentemente vocálicas en alófonos del fonema consonántico /ʝ/, o la de la peculiar naturaleza fonética de las variantes débiles de los fonemas funcionalmente no continuos /b d g/, exige reconsiderar, sobre la base del antedicho funcionamiento relativo, los límites de rasgos como vocálico y continuo en la estructura del sistema fonológico español, verificando el carácter verdaderamente mínimo ―en términos fonéticos― que puede ofrecer una frontera funcional, reflexionando una vez más sobre las limitaciones del vocabulario ―de base fonética― utilizado habitualmente en fonología y realizando una muy somera revisión crítica de algunas conocidas propuestas interpretativas (en particular, la de la más reciente gramática académica).
Extensión y límites morfo-semánticos de los diminutivos en la literatura infantil. Estudio contrastivo español-polaco
Authors: Kaczyńska Katarzyna
Published: December 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo es examinar la frecuencia de los diminutivos y, sobre todo, indicar las funciones semánticas que desempeñan en la literatura infantil. Para este propósito se realiza un análisis contrastivo de los diminutivos extraídos de la literatura infantil español-polaca. El estudio se basa en dos corpus (paralelo y comparable) anotados a mano, formados por 8 libros representativos de la literatura para niños, en dos versiones lingüísticas. Las conclusiones finales de la investigación indican que el polaco presenta una mayor frecuencia de diminutivos. Sin embargo, la diferencia en la frecuencia de los diminutivos en los textos traducidos es mucho más baja. En el corpus paralelo se recoge un 10 % más de diminutivos polacos, mientras que en el corpus comparado esta diferencia alcanza hasta el 70 %. Este hecho tiene que ver con limitaciones que surgen de la fidelidad al texto original. En cuanto a las principales funciones semánticas de los diminutivos, para ambas lenguas son la disminución y afectividad, mayoritariamente en un sentido positivo.
Pedro Scotti de Agóiz y su contribución al Diccionario de autoridades: límites en la identificación de fuentes documentales
Authors: Jover Salvatierra Andrea
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo analiza la participación de don Pedro Scotti de Agóiz en la elaboración del Diccionario de autoridades (1726-1739) de la Real Academia Española, basándose en la hipótesis que planteó Salvador Rosa (1985) sobre su posible contribución en la inclusión de las voces circunscritas al territorio riojano, donde ocupó el cargo de corregidor. Para ello, se realiza un estudio detallado de las actas académicas concernientes al periodo de redacción del diccionario y también de su correspondencia con el secretario de la docta casa, don Vicencio Squarzafigo Centurión y Arriola. Como resultado de este primer acercamiento a la trayectoria del académico desde su nombramiento como tal hasta su fallecimiento, y a pesar de que las fuentes documentales conservadas en el archivo de la Real Academia Española atestiguan su estancia en tierras riojanas, no se puede constatar su implicación, ni la de ningún otro erudito, en la inclusión del léxico de esta región.
İbâdiyye’ye Nispeti Tartışmalı Olan Fırkalar
Authors: Albayrak Kamil Ruhi
Published: December 2024

İslam tarihinde Müslüman topluluk içinde ilk fikrî ve fiilî anlaşmazlıklar Hz. Peygamberin (s.a.v.) vefatının ardından başlamış daha sonra Hz. Osman ve ardından Hz. Ali döneminde olayların büyümesiyle Hâricîlik mezhebi tarih sahnesine çıkmıştır. Sıffîn savaşını bitirmeyi ve Müslümanlar arasında barışı temin etmeyi hedefleyen Tahkîm olayı başka bir ayrılıkla neticelenmiş, Kur’ân’ı-Kerîm’in hükümlerine uyulmadığı gerekçesiyle Müslüman topluluktan büyük bir grup ayrılarak Nehrevan’a çekilmiştir. Çoğu taşradan gelmiş, eğitim seviyesi düşük askerlerinden oluşan ve daha sonra Hâricîler diye isimlendirilen bu grup, kendi içlerinde de anlaşamamış pek çoğu aşırılık yanlısı bir tavırla Emevî ve Abbasî Devletleri döneminde isyan etmiş ve muhtelif şiddet olaylarına karışmıştır. Hicrî üçüncü asrın sonlarında İbâdiyye hariç, başta Ezârika olmak üzere aşırılığa meyleden veya şiddete başvuran Hâricî gruplar dağılıp yok olmuştur. Hâricî kitleler içerisinde ortaya çıkmış olan İbâdiyye kendi dönüşümünü sağlayarak ve hatta fikir ve yöntemlerindeki yumuşaklık sebebiyle halktan gerekli desteği alarak bir yandan Kuzey Afrika’da 132 yıl hüküm süren Rüstemîler Devletini kurarken diğer yandan da fikrî bünyesini inşa etmiştir. Günümüzde Kuzey Afrika, Umman ve Zanzibar’da yedi milyona yakın nüfusa sahip olan bu mezhep pek çok açıdan etüt edilmeyi hak eden bir topluluk ve bir fikir akımıdır. İbâdiyye, hicrî ikinci asra dayanan yazılı eserleri ve yüzyıllarca biriktirdiği deneyimi ile İslam dininin inanç, davranış ve siyaset esaslarının tedvini için sosyo-politik zeminin anlaşılmasında değerli verilere sahiptir. Öte yandan mezhebin her açıdan objektif olarak ele alındığını söylemek mümkün görünmemektedir. Hicrî üçüncü asrın sonlarından itibaren yazılan fırak ve makālât türü eserlerde çeşitli gerekçelerle Hâricîlik için kullanılan pek çok yerici ifade, aidiyeti iyice araştırılmadan İbâdiyye’yi teşmil edecek şekilde kullanılmıştır ve halen de kullanılmaya devam etmektedir. Burada asıl dikkat edilmesi gereken önemli bir husus, ehl-i biꜤdat yahut ehl-i küfre ait olduğu değerlendirilen pek çok şahıs, düşünce veya ekolün ilmi açıdan tevsiki yapılmadan İbâdiyye’ye nispet edilmiş olabileceğidir. Bu makalede İbâdiyye’nin tarihi derinliklerine inilerek hem inanç sahasına yeni birtakım fikir veya tespitleri kazandırmak hem de mezhebin doğru bir şekilde anlaşılmasına katkı sunmak için İbâdiyye’ye nispet edilen bazı fikir, şahıs yahut alt grupların durumu ele alınmıştır. Bu amaçla temel fırak ve makālât eserleri, İbâdiyye’nin muteber klasik ve çağdaş kaynaklarıyla mukayeseli olarak kullanılmış ve İbâdiyye’ye nispeti tartışmalı olan alt grupların mezhebe aidiyeti tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Effectiveness of the combined drug ternidazole–neomycin sulfate–nystatin–prednisolone in topical therapy of vaginal dysbiosis associated with Atopobium vaginae in nonpregnant and pregnant women with reproductive failure
Authors: Nosenko O.M. , Khancha F.O. , Demydchyk R.Y.
Published: December 2024

Background. Atopobium vaginae is an important component of the complex abnormal anaerobic vaginal microflora in vaginal dysbiosis and is believed to be at least partially responsible for known adverse gynecological and obstetric outcomes. Resistance of A. vaginae to traditional therapy (metronidazole and clindamycin) is described.Objective of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of topical therapy with the combined drug ternidazole–neomycin sulfate–nystatin–prednisoloneof vaginal dysbiosis associated with A. vaginae in diagnostically significant concentrations in non-pregnant and pregnant women of reproductive age with a history of reproductive failure.Materials and methods. 78 women of reproductive age with vaginal dysbiosis associated with A. vaginae in diagnostically significant concentrations were under observation. 37 infertile women had recurrent implantation failures and 41 pregnant women with infertility treated in cycles of assisted reproductive technologies. Control groups consisted of 30 fertile non-pregnant women and 30 pregnant women after natural conception with vaginal normocenosis. Comprehensive quantitative assessment of the vaginal anaerobic microbiota was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results. A. vaginae in diagnostically significant concentrations in the vaginal microbiota in the vast majority of cases is accompanied by the presence of Gardnerella vaginalis and other co-pathogens, mixed infections. Every second woman has aerobic-anaerobic dysbiosis, which makes it advisable to use combined topical drugs. The use of ternidazole–neomycin sulfate–nystatin–prednisolone vaginal tablets resulted in the absence of facultative and obligate anaerobes, Ureaplasma (urealiticum + parvum) and Candida spp. in the vaginal microbiota in diagnostically significant concentrations in women of treated groups. The average relative content of none of the studied conditionally pathogenic microorganisms after treatment did not exceed -3 CFU.Conclusions. The combined vaginal drug ternidazole–neomycin sulfate–nystatin–prednisolone is a highly effective, safe and compliant remedy for restoring vaginal health in non-pregnant and pregnant women with a history of reproductive failure and vaginal dysbiosis associated with the presence of A. vaginae in diagnostically significant concentrations.
Recent Nanotechnological Trends in the Management of Microbial Keratitis
Authors: Jaiswal Shraddha , Shinde Prabhavati , Tale Vidya
Published: December 2024

Microbial keratitis (MK) is a sight-threatening ocular disease that needs rapid diagnosis and treatment to prevent more serious outcomes. The broad-spectrum topical antimicrobial treatment is currently the main pharmacological approach for MK management, yet its efficacy is increasingly challenged by evolving antimicrobial resistance, including multidrug resistance. Also, the ocular surface presents numerous challenges for standard topical drug delivery. The failure and ineffectiveness of current therapies have necessitated the development of novel therapeutic strategies to manage MK. With advances in nanotechnology in the biomedical field, various nanomaterials can be employed to control MK. The primary determinants of nanoparticles’ vast range of applications are their size, surface properties, and chemical makeup, which also happen to be the same elements that give rise to their poisonous and dangerous effects. In this study, we provide a perspective on the contact lens-associated corneal illnesses such as MK and explore how nanotechnology might help address this significant clinical issue. In addition, safety and toxicological concerns about the increasingly widespread use of contact lenses are also discussed.
Short Telomere Length in Plasma of Sudanese Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Chronic Liver Diseases
Authors: Rahamtalla Fayza A. , Shammat Iman M. , Mudawi Salma B. M. , Abbas Maram , Kheir Elsid Mohammed A. H. , Abdalla Mohammed S. M.
Published: December 2024

Background: Telomeres, a protective sequence of DNA at the end of chromosomes, are essential for the maintenance of chromosomal integrity and stability. With each cell division, telomeres are shortened until a critical length is reached. Several cancers have been linked to shortened telomere length (TL). The current cross-sectional study aims to investigate the TL in the plasma of Sudanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic liver diseases (CLD). Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 113 patients with HCC and CLD as well as from 50 healthy controls. The assessment of TL in blood samples was carried out using the relative quantitative PCR method. Results: Patients with HCC had significantly shorter TL than healthy controls (0.66 vs 0.89; P < 0.01), whereas insignificant shorter TL was detected in HCC patients as compared to those with CLD. A significant decrease in telomeres copy numbers was observed in HCC patients when compared to those with CLD (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrate that TL is shorter in patients with HCC and CLD compared to healthy controls.
Serum Magnesium Level among Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients and Its Correlation with Intra-hospital Complications: A Cross-sectional Single-center Study among Sudanese Patients
Authors: Taha Mohammed , Azhary Ayman , Hajhamed Nooh Mohamed , Alkhatim Waleed Azhary Sir , Mohammed Salahdeen Ismail , Bakheit Abdullah M , Ahmed Abdallah Elssir , Abdelbagi Abubakar
Published: December 2024

Background: Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) frequently have hypomagnesemia, although magnesium (Mg) has proven cardioprotective characteristics. Cardiovascular fatality has been linked to low serum Mg levels; however, the exact mechanism is unknown and results are inconsistent. This study aims to measure the level of serum Mg among patients diagnosed with AMI. Methods: One hundred AMI patients who came to the Wad Madani Heart Center were included in a cross-sectional research study. Demographic data, clinical data (presenting compliance, medical history, and medication history), laboratory examination, electrocardiography (ECG) findings, and echocardiography findings were collected. Serum Mg was measured for all participants, and hypomagnesemia was considered as a serum Mg level <1.6 mg/dl. Version 21.0 of SPSS was used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of 100 patients was 60 ± 2 years, with 55 (or 55%) being female and 45 (or 45%) being male. Chest pain (n = 92; 92%) was the major presenting complaint. Moreover, the most prevalent heart disease determinants among patients were diabetes mellitus (n = 50; 50%) and hypertension (n = 50; 50%). The mean of Mg was 2.5 mg/dl, and hypomagnesemia was found in 10 (10%) patients and significantly associated with arrhythmia, namely supraventricular tachycardia, (P-value = 0.01). Patients with normal or low Mg levels (98%) were more likely to be discharged in stable condition, whereas all fatalities were among patients with elevated Mg levels (2%). Conclusion: The frequency of hypomagnesemia among AMI patients was 10%. In addition, hypomagnesemia was significantly associated with arrhythmias (mainly supraventricular tachycardia).
Second-round effects of food prices on core inflation in Turkey
Authors: Yildirim Ozan , Türken Fatma
Published: December 2024

Turkey has recently experienced persistently high food inflation, among the highest in emerging markets, with food accounting for a significant proportion of consumer expenditures. This study investigates the second-round effects of food price shocks on core inflation using monthly data from January 2013 to June 2024 through a Bayesian Structural Vector Autoregressive (SBVAR) model. Incorporating domestic and international macroeconomic variables, the model identifies second-round effects by imposing theory-based constraints and leveraging Bayesian methods. Results reveal that core inflation reacts strongly to food price shocks, with rising food prices worsening inflation expectations and amplifying second-round effects on overall inflation. Historical decomposition reveals a more persistent impact of food price shocks on core inflation and expectations post-COVID-19. These findings underscore the importance of closely monitoring food price dynamics to safeguard price stability in Turkey, highlighting their critical role in shaping inflationary pressures.
Implementation of Parent Company's Liability for Bankruptcy Experienced by Subsidiary: Case in Indonesia
Authors: Annurdi  , Santoso Budi , Widhiyanti Hanif Nur , Dewantara Reka
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article. The article aims to reveal the existence of vacuum of norms regarding a group company in Indonesia, especially regarding the parent company's responsibility for bankruptcy experienced by its subsidiary.
Methodology. This research is normative juridical research. It uses several approaches to obtain information from various aspects regarding the legal issues being studied, namely the statute approach and case approach.
Results of the research. This legal vacuum causes differences of opinions among judges in assessing the relationship between a parent company and its subsidiary as a basis for implementing the parent company's liability for bankruptcy experienced by its subsidiaries. In this research, there were cases where the judge found that the parent company was not responsible for the losses or bankruptcy experienced by its subsidiary on the basis that these two companies were separate entities. Meanwhile, in a different case, a judge's opinion was that the parent company and its subsidiary were a single economic entity and there was a special relationship between the two companies, so that the parent company was liable for the bankruptcy experienced by its subsidiary. In this regard, we are of the opinion that it is necessary to establish legislation regarding a group company, specifically regulating the liability of parent company for bankruptcy experienced by its subsidiary in order to guarantee legal certainty and provide legal protection for all relevant stakeholders.
Directions of Changes in Customs Control
Authors: Laszuk Mirosława
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article. In the article, two objectives are indicated: the first – the indication of the specific features of customs control as well as the identification and evaluation of the most important changes within this process with consideration for the specific conditions caused by the incompatibilities between the paradigm of facilitating and simplifying the international trade in goods and that of its security. Achieving the above purposes will allow for verification of the hypothesis that the fiscal purpose of customs control has been significantly diminished in favor of security.
Methodology. The methodology of the article is based on the analysis of subject-related literature, and document study. The article also uses a statistical method.
Results of the research. Implementing facilitation and enhancing security in the international trade has brought significant changes in customs control. The importance of risk management has increased, and the institution of the authorized economic operator has been introduced. Complicated structures of global supply chains, new forms of criminal activity and the war in Ukraine confirm that it is primarily security that should be the goal of customs control. However, this results in a reduced importance of the fiscal objective.
Agroforestry Area Mapping using Medium Resolution Satellite Data and Object-based Image Analysis
Authors: Chaitanya T. , Neelima T.L. , Ramanjaneyulu A.V. , Krishna A.
Published: December 2024

Background: The current view of agroforestry is not as a collection of technologies, but of trees included in agricultural landscapes. India’s sub-national climate change action plans acknowledge agroforestry’s potential for climate change adaptation and mitigation. Understanding the extent and distribution of trees on agricultural land, at the landscape level, including the numbers and characteristics of farmers and farming communities within those landscapes, can help to assess the importance and role of agroforestry both to the climate change mitigation as well as to overall global agricultural production. With this perspective of agroforestry, site specific studies are required to delineate different agroforestry systems and estimation of exact area under agroforestry. Methods: In this study, the area under agroforestry was estimated by using remote sensing and GIS techniques with medium resolution satellite (Sentinel 2A and 2B) data in e-Cognition developer software (10.0 version) through multi-resolution segmentation and object-based image analysis (OBIA). Result: The agroforestry area was estimated in erstwhile Khammam district of Telangana, India, which is 30,038 ha covering 1.87% of the total district geographical area (16,02,900 ha) with an overall accuracy of 81.5%. The major agroforestry systems observed in erstwhile Khammam district were Eucalyptus, Subabul, Malabar Neem, Teak, Sandalwood and Red Sanders. Agroforestry gained momentum after adopting the National Agroforestry Policy (NAP) in 2014, which aimed to organize the sector and reform any legislative barriers. This area estimation is useful to policy makers as there is only rough estimates of agroforestry area unlike agricultural area.
Analytic review of the first 15 years of journal functioning
Authors: Frolov O. A. , Glagolev M. V. , Теrentievа I. Е.
Published: December 2024

This article reviews the activities of the journal Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change (EDGCC) over the 15 years since the publication of its first issue. The journal aims to inform interested readers about scientific and educational developments within the themes of "Environmental Dynamics" and "Global Climate Change." The main objectives of the journal include:

Publishing scientific papers, reviews and discussions addressing topics related to the composition, structure, and functioning of natural and anthropogenically disturbed systems under the climate change.
Informing about the main results of scientific work carried out within priority areas of research in university, academic and industry sciences on the Earth and the environment
Fostering open scientific dialogue to improve the quality of research.
Promoting national and international best practices in applying cutting-edge technologies.

The journal accepts papers in both Russian and English. Submissions may include methodological, theoretical, and experimental works, ranging from regionally focused and federally funded projects to independent research yet to receive formal grant support. Recognizing the scarcity of high-quality Russian-language reviews in certain areas of global ecology and climatology, the journal also welcomes reviews and lectures by leading scientists to fill this gap. Papers undergo a double-blind peer review process, typically involving three reviewers who evaluate manuscripts anonymously without knowledge of the authors or their affiliations.
This article presents scientometric data on the publication activity of EDGCC, along with an analysis of materials deemed most useful to readers. In addition to the review of the last 10 years published previously, this article evaluates the journal's performance over the past five years. It highlights changes in publication format, particularly the shift to electronic-only articles, and their impact on key metrics. Papers with the highest reader engagement (measured by website views and citations) are identified. The analysis reveals that theoretical studies attract the greatest interest, followed closely by experimental works. Notably, a “Discussion” paper achieved the fastest citation rate, while a "Chronicle" paper recorded the highest number of abstract views in the past five years.
The journal's two-year impact factor has remained stable over the last five years, achieving competitive results compared to 27 peer journals with similar themes, where our regular contributors publish frequently. The number of authors publishing in EDGCC has remained consistent, averaging 16 authors annually, with approximately 50% being new contributors each year. A trend of increasing article half-life is observed over the past decade. The average h-index of EDGCC authors has shown an upward trend over time. In terms of "probability of citation after reading," EDGCC ranks third among the analyzed journals.