bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A formação do leitor literário na infância: Inter-relação entre textualidades multimodais e recursos de interação em book apps
Authors: Machado Paulo Henrique , Remenche Maria de Lourdes Rossi
Published: April 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar uma investigação a respeito da inter-relação das textualidades multimodais e dos recursos de interação em book apps que contribuem para a formação do leitor literário na infância. Para tanto, delimitou-se como corpus de pesquisa duas obras finalistas do Prêmio Jabuti nos anos de 2015 e 2016 na categoria Infantil Digital, sendo uma criada exclusivamente para o meio digital, e a outra, remidiação da publicação impressa. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativo-interpretativista, cujo arcabouço teórico-metodológico ancora-se na concepção dialógica da linguagem e nos estudos dos multi letramentos, da leitura literária e do livro infantil digital. As análises realizadas evidenciam que os book apps selecionados não diferem tanto dos livros impressos quanto à apresentação dos textos escritos e imagéticos, assim como, na maneira como essas linguagens se inter-relacionam. Nas versões digitais, quando os textos verbo visuais atingem os limites da área da tela, agem como ocorre na página dupla do impresso, todavia, configuram-se como janelas que projetam os leitores para dentro da narrativa por meio de processos imersivos. Verificou-se que a combinação multimodal nos book apps, aliada à agentividade dos sujeitos e às potencialidades das tecnologias digitais, aciona modos diferenciados de leitura e demanda maior interatividade por parte do leitor.
Instrução de vocabulário em L2: Uma análise de aplicativos para a aprendizagem de inglês
Authors: Pires Daniel Reschke , Tumolo Celso Henrique Soufen
Published: April 2020

A popularização dos smartphones nas últimas décadas promoveu o desenvolvimento de diversos aplicativos para o aprendizado de línguas e fomentou o interesse no campo da aprendizagem móvel. Considerando que boa parte dos aplicativos de smartphone para a aprendizagem de inglês tem atividades para a instrução de vocabulário, este estudo buscou analisar o desenvolvimento de vocabulário nos três aplicativos para a aprendizagem de línguas mais utilizados até o final do ano de 2018. Mais especificamente, buscou-se compreender: a) quais aspectos do conhecimento de palavras os aplicativos desenvolvem; b) se existem múltiplos encontros com as palavras-alvo e se esses encontros são espaçados; e c) as representações não-verbais utilizadas pelos aplicativos. Os resultados indicam que os aplicativos: a) instruem a forma oral e escrita das palavras, porém negligenciam outros aspectos do conhecimento de palavras; b) provem, com o auxílio de algoritmos, múltiplos encontros espaçados com as palavras-alvo; e c) utilizam imagens e vídeos que nem sempre são relevantes para a instrução das palavras-alvo. Com base nos resultados deste estudo, entendemos que os aplicativos podem auxiliar o desenvolvimento de vocabulário de língua inglesa, apesar de limitações como a falta de oportunidades para a produção de linguagem e o ensino descontextualizado.
Práticas translíngues na educação linguística de surdos mediada por tecnologias digitais
Authors: Nogueira Aryane S.
Published: April 2020

Neste artigo apresentamos e examinamos situações de ensino de alunos surdos participantes de um curso de português como segunda língua. Os registros foram gerados a partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa-interpretativista decunho etnográfico. Analisando o desenvolvimento de uma unidade de ensino a partir de uma lente translíngue, apontamos para o papel das tecnologias digitais como suporte para práticas translíngues entre alunos e professores como agentes que produzem sentidos com diferentes recursos para atingir aos objetivos das interações e tarefas propostas. A interlocução teórica entre estudos sobre ensino de línguas mediado por tecnologias com a noção de translinguagem aplicada aos contextos de educação bi/multilíngue iluminou aspectos das situações analisadas relevantes para uma discussão sobre outros modos de pensar a educação de surdos, tais como a ampliação dos repertórios comunicativos e o desenvolvimento de competências de compreensão e expressão translíngues e transmodais como gatilho para o desenvolvimento de uma educação linguística ampliada por parte dos alunos.
STUDY OF THE STRAIN STATE AND MOVEMENTS OF A FLEXIBLE ROD WITH INITIAL CURVATURE
Authors: Lichkovakha A. S. , Shemshura B. A. , Kuznetsov S. A.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Aim. The possibility of obtaining the regressive part of the elastic (regressiveprogressive) characteristic under axial loading in the initial period is studied by applying an elastic rod having an initial curvature under vertical compressive load. The objective of the study is to determine the static characteristics of such a rod without taking the resistance forces into account.

Method. To solve the problem, the elliptic parameters method was used to make a comparison with a solution obtained using the finite element method in the ANSYS engineering simulation software.

Results. A technique was developed for assessing the strain state and displacements of a flexible rod with initial curvature in order to study the regression-progressive characteristic of various elastic systems having initial curvature for their effective use in determining oscillations.

Conclusion. The obtained technique can be used to determine the deformed state of an elastic flexible rod having initial curvature and displacement of the point of application of force. At the same time, by setting various initial parameters of the flexible rod in order to obtain a regressive-progressive characteristic, significant displacements can be obtained in the subcritical region when the axial load does not exceed the Euler force for this flexible rod
Математическая модель фракционирования малоконцентрированной дисперсной фазы суспензии в плоском вертикальном гидроклассификаторе
Authors: Ряжских А.В.
Published: April 2020

Based on the hypothesis of a continuous continuum and balance of phase flows, a mathematical model of the transfer of a low-concentration suspension in the absence of mixing in a flat vertical gravity classifier with a laminar flow regime of a carrier medium without limitation on the sedimentation rate of particles is proposed. Analytical relations are obtained for calculating local countable functions of the particle size distribution density. A computational experiment confirmed the fractionation of a monodisperse suspension and the presence of small particles in the “heavy” fraction of polydisperse suspensions due to the small velocity of the dispersion medium in the “wetted” surfaces of the hydroclassifier. The results are consistent with the known experimental data and calculations using classical kinetic models.
Исследование поглощения СВЧ излучения в сверхтонких проводящих пленках
Authors: Старостенко В.В. , Орленсон В.Б. , Мазинов А.С. , Фитаев И.Ш.
Published: April 2020

An interaction numerical simulation of the microwave range electromagnetic waves with nanometer thickness conductive films, which are approximated by homogeneous region and micro- or nanoparticle’s structures, is carried out. Using the rigorous coupled wave analysis, the optical coefficients change dynamics is studied from values characterize dielectric to values for uniform conductive films, and the influence of conductive islands size and distribution on the electromagnetic characteristics is analyzed.
Датчик слабого магнитного поля на основе азотно-вакансионных центров окраски в кристалле алмаза
Authors: Вершовский А.К. , Дмитриев А.К.
Published: April 2020

A method for radiofrequency excitation of magnetic resonance in nitrogen-vacancy color centers in a diamond crystal is proposed and tested, which provides magnetometric sensitivity at the level of units of nT in the 1 Hz band in zero and weak (< 0.1 mT) magnetic fields. The method does not involve the use of microwave fields, which makes it attractive for biological and medical applications, primarily for invasive magnetoencephalography.
Влияние пероксида на температурные зависимости электропроводности углеродсодержащего полимерного композита
Authors: Зюзин А.М. , Карпеев А.А. , Янцен Н.В.
Published: April 2020

A significant difference was found in the temperature dependences of the resistivity of a carbon-containing polymer composite based on ethylene-vinyl acetate and the same composite saturated with peroxide. The presence of a sufficiently clear correlation between the characteristic points on the temperature dependence of the resistivity and on the curves of the differential scanning calorimetry was established.
Sentiment Analysis Using Hybrid Feature Selection Techniques
Authors: Abdulkhaliq Sasan Sarbast , Darwesh Aso Mohammad
Published: April 2020

Nowadays, people from every part of the world use social media and social networks to express their feelings toward different topics and aspects. One of the trendiest social media is Twitter, which is a microblogging website that provides a platform for its users to share their views and feelings about products, services, events, etc., in public. Which makes Twitter one of the most valuable sources for collecting and analyzing data by researchers and developers to reveal people sentiment about different topics and services, such as products of commercial companies, services, well-known people such as politicians and athletes, through classifying those sentiments into positive and negative. Classification of people sentiment could be automated through using machine learning algorithms and could be enhanced through using appropriate feature selection methods. We collected most recent tweets about (Amazon, Trump, Chelsea FC, CR7) using Twitter-Application Programming Interface and assigned sentiment score using lexicon rule-based approach, then proposed a machine learning model to improve classification accuracy through using hybrid feature selection method, namely, filter-based feature selection method Chi-square (Chi-2) plus wrapper-based binary coordinate ascent (Chi-2 + BCA) to select optimal subset of features from term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) generated features for classification through support vector machine (SVM), and Bag of words generated features for logistic regression (LR) classifiers using different n-gram ranges. After comparing the hybrid (Chi-2+BCA) method with (Chi-2) selected features, and also with the classifiers without feature subset selection, results show that the hybrid feature selection method increases classification accuracy in all cases. The maximum attained accuracy with LR is 86.55% using (1 + 2 + 3-g) range, with SVM is 85.575% using the unigram range, both in the CR7 dataset.
Digital Medical Image Segmentation Using Fuzzy C-Means Clustering
Authors: Mohammed Bakhtyar Ahmed , Al-Ani Muzhir Shaban
Published: April 2020

In the modern globe, digital medical image processing is a major branch to study in the fields of medical and information technology. Every medical field relies on digital medical imaging in diagnosis for most of their cases. One of the major components of medical image analysis is medical image segmentation. Medical image segmentation participates in the diagnosis process, and it aids the processes of other medical image components to increase the accuracy. In unsupervised methods, fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering is the most accurate method for image segmentation, and it can be smooth and bear desirable outcomes. The intention of this study is to establish a strong systematic way to segment complicate medical image cases depend on the proposed method to share in the decision-making process. This study mentions medical image modalities and illustrates the steps of the FCM clustering method mathematically with example. It segments magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain to separate tumor inside the brain MRI according to four statuses.
Surveillance of COVID-19 in the General Population Using an Online Questionnaire: Report From 18,161 Respondents in China
Authors: Luo Hongxing , Lie Yongchan , Prinzen Frits W
Published: April 2020

Background

The recent outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become an international pandemic. So far, little is known about the role of an internet approach in COVID-19 participatory surveillance.

Objective

The aim of this study is to investigate whether an online survey can provide population-level information for observing prevalence trends during the early phase of an outbreak and identifying potential risk factors of COVID-19 infection.

Methods

A 10-item online questionnaire was developed according to medical guidelines and relevant publications. It was distributed between January 24 and February 17, 2020. The characteristics of respondents and temporal changes of various questionnaire-derived indicators were analyzed.

Results

A total of 18,161 questionnaires were returned, including 6.45% (n=1171) from Wuhan City. Geographical distributions of the respondents were consistent with the population per province (R2=0.61, P<.001). History of contact significantly decreased with time, both outside Wuhan City (R2=0.35, P=.002) and outside Hubei Province (R2=0.42, P<.001). The percentage of respondents reporting a fever peaked around February 8 (R2=0.57, P<.001) and increased with a history of contact in the areas outside Wuhan City (risk ratio 1.31, 95% CI 1.13-1.52, P<.001). Male sex, advanced age, and lung diseases were associated with a higher risk of fever in the general population with a history of contact.

Conclusions

This study shows the usefulness of an online questionnaire for the surveillance of outbreaks like COVID-19 by providing information about trends of the disease and aiding the identification of potential risk factors.
A Telerehabilitation Intervention for Youths With Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita: Protocol for a Pilot Study
Authors: Gagnon Marianne , Collins Jessica , Elfassy Caroline , Marino Merlo Gabriela , Marsh Jacquelyn , Sawatzky Bonita , Yap Rita , Hamdy Reggie , Veilleux Louis-Nicolas , Dahan-Oliel Noémi
Published: April 2020

Background

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is characterized by joint contractures present in at least two body areas. In addition to these contractures, individuals with AMC can have decreased muscle mass, leading to limitations in activities of daily living. Exercise has the potential to maintain or improve the range of motion and muscle strength. However, this type of intervention necessitates frequent follow ups that are currently difficult to provide for youths with AMC because they often live far from a specialized hospital. To overcome this distance challenge, telecommunication technologies can be used to deliver rehabilitation remotely, which is called telerehabilitation. The study protocol for one such type of rehabilitation will be presented in this paper.

Objective

This pilot study aims to (1) evaluate the feasibility of using telerehabilitation to provide a home exercise program for youths with AMC, and (2) assess the effectiveness of a home exercise program.

Methods

A total of 10 youths aged 8-21 years with AMC will be recruited. The intervention consists of a 12-week individualized home-based exercise program delivered remotely using telerehabilitation. At baseline, youths will complete the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents and the Pediatrics Outcomes Data Collection Instrument to assess pain, function, and level of physical activity. During the first telerehabilitation meeting, the rehabilitation therapists will measure range of motion using a virtual goniometer and assess the youth’s functional level. The therapists will then use the Goal Attainment Scale to set objectives and develop the individualized intervention. Follow ups will occur every 3 weeks to make sure exercises are performed safely and to progress the exercises when needed. At the end of the 12-week intervention, rehabilitation therapists will re-evaluate the youth using the same outcome measures as the initial evaluation. The youths will be asked to complete the same questionnaires, with the addition of questions about their satisfaction regarding the intervention. Nonparametric and descriptive statistics will be used to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness.

Results

Ethics approval was obtained in October 2018. Recruitment and data collection started in January 2019 and was completed in May 2020.

Conclusions

This pilot study will help us learn how a large-scale project may work in practice to improve outcomes in physical activity, pain, and function, and goal attainment among youths with AMC, thus informing a future clinical trial.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/18688
e-Learning for Instruction and to Improve Reproducibility of Scoring Tumor-Stroma Ratio in Colon Carcinoma: Performance and Reproducibility Assessment in the UNITED Study (Preprint)
Authors: Smit Marloes A , van Pelt Gabi W , Dequeker Elisabeth MC , Al Dieri Raed , Tollenaar Rob AEM , van Krieken J Han JM , Mesker Wilma E ,   UNITED Group
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

The amount of stroma in the primary tumor is an important prognostic parameter. The tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) was previously validated by international research groups as a robust parameter with good interobserver agreement.

OBJECTIVE

The Uniform Noting for International Application of the Tumor-Stroma Ratio as an Easy Diagnostic Tool (UNITED) study was developed to bring the TSR to clinical implementation. As part of the study, an e-Learning module was constructed to confirm the reproducibility of scoring the TSR after proper instruction.

METHODS

The e-Learning module consists of an autoinstruction for TSR determination (instruction video or written protocol) and three sets of 40 cases (training, test, and repetition sets). Scoring the TSR is performed on hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections and takes only 1-2 minutes. Cases are considered stroma-low if the amount of stroma is ≤50%, whereas a stroma-high case is defined as >50% stroma. Inter- and intraobserver agreements were determined based on the Cohen κ score after each set to evaluate the reproducibility.

RESULTS

Pathologists and pathology residents (N=63) with special interest in colorectal cancer participated in the e-Learning. Forty-nine participants started the e-Learning and 31 (63%) finished the whole cycle (3 sets). A significant improvement was observed from the training set to the test set; the median κ score improved from 0.72 to 0.77 (P=.002).

CONCLUSIONS

e-Learning is an effective method to instruct pathologists and pathology residents for scoring the TSR. The reliability of scoring improved from the training to the test set and did not fall back with the repetition set, confirming the reproducibility of the TSR scoring method.

CLINICALTRIAL

The Netherlands Trial Registry NTR7270; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7072

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/13464
Marihuana: legalización y atención médica
Authors: Prospéro García Oscar E. , Ruiz Contreras Alejandra E. , Cortés Morelos Jacqueline , Herrera Solís Andrea , Méndez Díaz Mónica
Published: April 2020

Despite the fact that the use of marihuana is illegal in most countries of the world, it still is one of the most commonly used drugs worldwide. 8.6% of the Mexican population, between 12-65 years old, has smoked marihuana at least once in their lifetime (2017). There has been a significant increase in the number of consumers in the last few years. Fatal cases associated with cannabis use had not been recognized for a long time, however, lately, deaths due to a cannabis hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) and deaths from self-mutilation have been reported. Although marihuana synthesizes several active substances with potential therapeutic properties, nowadays, the greatest use of marihuana in our country and in the world is recreational. This review discusses the consequences of using marihuana for recreational use, the social and health contexts regarding legalization and potential therapeutic uses of compounds isolated from the plant based on the scientific literature. Our contribution is to warn people about the potential negative impact on the health of recreational use marihuana and the urgency of supporting the research of its effects on the brain. Similarly, we aim to identify the active principles with potential therapeutic use.
Hernia interna estrangulada por plastrón en el tercio distal del apéndice cecal
Authors: Leyva Sotelo Leslie M. , Telich Tarriba José E. , Ángeles Gaspar Daniel , Guevara Valmaña Osvaldo I. , Víctor Baldín André , Rendón Medina Marco A.
Published: April 2020

Internal hernias are an infrequent cause of intestinal obstruction with an incidence of 0.2-0.9%, therefore their early diagnosis represents a challenge. The most frequently herniated organ is the small bowel, which results in a wide spectrum of symptoms, varying from mild abdominal pain to acute abdomen. We present the case of an eight-year old patient with nonspecific digestive symptoms, a transoperative diagnosis was made in which an internal hernia was found strangulated by plastron in the distal third of the appendix. Appendectomy was performed and four days later the patient was discharged without complications.
Pengaruh Pemahaman Sistem Informasi Akuntansi, Motivasi, Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Bagian Keuangan Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) Kabupaten Tulungagung
Authors: Pratiwiningtyas Faradila , Prasetyo Adi
Published: April 2020

This research aims to demonstrate the effect of understanding accounting information systems, motivation, and work discipline on employee performance. The population in this research is the department at regional units of Tulungagung regency. The sample in this research is the finance department employee of Tulungagung regency. The variable in the research independent variables is understanding accounting information systems, motivation, and work discipline, the dependent variable in the employee performance. Data were analyzed using double linear regression. Data were analyzed using SPSS. The results show that the understanding accounting information system has no significant effect on employee performance. This is evidenced by probability value (p-value) 0,263 on the significant 0,05. The results of research next are motivation and work discipline significant effect on employee performance. This is evidenced by probability value (p-value) 0,005 and 0,001 on the significant 0,05.
PERANAN PEREMPUAN DALAM TEKS TRADISIONAL BALI GEGURITAN DIAH SAWITRI
Authors: Suarniti Gusti Ayu Made Rai
Published: April 2020

Abstrak

Karya sastra sebagai sebuah kreativitas, baik estetis maupun respons kehidupan sosial, mencoba mengungkapkan perilaku manusia dalam suatu komunitas sosial. Dimensi-dimensi yang dilukiskan merupakan dimensi kehidupan dari sebuah struktur sosial yang di dalamnya tertuang nilai keindahan, nilai etika dan moral, sehingga mempunyai fungsi yang sangat besar artinya bagi kehidupan.
Penelitian ini fokus pada sastra tradisional Bali berupa geguritan.Geguritan yang dijadikan objek tulisan ialah Geguritan Diah Sawitri yang memuat gambaran hidup dan kehidupan dan sangat patut dijadikan pedoman dan dicontoh dalam menjalankan kehidupan. Perilaku kehidupan yang dijalankan sang tokoh cerita (Sawitri) berkaitan erat dengan nilai-nilai Hindu (tri hita karana, trikaya parisuda); peranan jender; dan cita-cita feminisme radikal-kultural yang menekankan pada esensi perempuan (keperempuanan).
Dos direitos dos jovens: um olhar para o Estatuto da Juventude
Authors: Costal Marcelle , Shintaku Milton , Costa Lucas Rodrigues
Published: April 2020

Apresenta as XI seções contidas no capítulo II do Estatuto da Juventude, para verificar quais os assuntos de interesse e os temas que mais se repetem, com o objetivo de traçar um mapa de relações entre os eixos. Utiliza como procedimento de ordenação o método descritivo por meio de uma abordagem mista (qualitativa e quantitativa). Para tal, foi feita uma análise de conteúdo recorrendo ao resumo qualitativo dos eixos, à indexação por palavras-chave e ao quantitativo dos termos mais frequentes. Agrupa os resultados em categorias para identificar quais eixos do Estatuto compartilham a mesma temática. Indica que a efetividade dos direitos dos jovens depende de ações cooperativas de caráter transdisciplinar nos esforços do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de juventude. Isto coaduna com a intersetorialidade para o desenvolvimento integrado dos eixos advogado pelo estatuto. E suma, futuramente, as categorias compostas neste trabalho poderão contribuir para os estudos de juventude
Corporate governance reform in Japan: A behavioral view
Authors: Asaoka Daisuke
Published: April 2020

Corporate governance reform in Japan was triggered by the introduction of a new corporate governance code in 2015. The code is notable for requiring the addition of two or more independent directors to the boards of listed firms, which previously had consisted largely of internally promoted directors enjoying lifetime employment. Applying the framework of behavioral law and economics, we analyze the change from the two aspects of “offense” and “defense” by the board of directors, meaning, respectively, enhancing the quality of group decision-making by producing collective intelligence, and preventing corporate misconduct by introducing the viewpoints of outsiders. The former is not immune to psychological biases such as groupthink and escalation of commitment, but these can be mitigated by ensuring equal consideration of all participants’ viewpoints, and, notably, the participation of women. The latter is affected by other biases, such as obedience to authority and diffusion of responsibility, but establishing an internal system for reporting misconduct, with outside directors at the top, can be effective if the outsiders’ position is perceived as credible.
Joint optimal decisions on pricing and warranty policy of duopoly supply chain with one common retailer
Authors: Kundu Soumita , Chakrabarti Tripti
Published: April 2020

Early researches related to the interaction between manufactures for complementary products, mainly considered price as only the dimension of competition. With the increasing competition in capturing the market share, manufactures cannot compete by only lowering prices. In this paper, we assume that besides the price, the manufactures choose warranty as the competitive strategy of two different but substitutable products in a duopoly supply chain with one common retailer. Furthermore, two cases are considered (i) only one manufacturer adopts warranty policy as a competitive strategy against the other, (ii) both manufacturers offer warranty on their product, to study under which situation offering a warranty becomes more profitable for a manufacturer while the other competitive manufacturer has already adopted warranty policy. The profit functions of the manufacturers and the retailer are then maximized under manufacturers' cooperative and non-cooperative strategies. We then compare the scenarios under different decision strategies numerically, which gives some insights on changes of key parameters to help the decision makers to capture the market.
The Peripheral Peril: Injected Insulin Induces Insulin Insensitivity in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Gregory Justin M. , Cherrington Alan D. , Moore Daniel J.
Published: April 2020

Insulin resistance is an underappreciated facet of type 1 diabetes that occurs with remarkable consistency and considerable magnitude. Although therapeutic innovations are continuing to normalize dysglycemia, a sizable body of data suggests a second metabolic abnormality—iatrogenic hyperinsulinemia—principally drives insulin resistance and its consequences in this population and has not been addressed. We review this evidence to show that injecting insulin into the peripheral circulation bypasses first-pass hepatic insulin clearance, which leads to the unintended metabolic consequence of whole-body insulin resistance. We propose restructuring insulin therapy to restore the physiological insulin balance between the hepatic portal and peripheral circulations and thereby avoid the complications of life-long insulin resistance. As technology rapidly advances and our ability to ensure euglycemia improves, iatrogenic insulin resistance will become the final barrier to overcome to restore normal physiology, health, and life in type 1 diabetes.
Obstructive sleep apnoea, a risk factor for cardiovascular and microvascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: findings from a population-based cohort study
Authors: Adderley Nicola J , Subramanian Anuradhaa , Toulis Konstantinos , Gokhale Krishna , Taverner Thomas , Hanif Wasim , Haroon Shamil , Thomas G Neil , Sainsbury Christopher , Tahrani Abd A , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah
Published: April 2020

Objective: To determine risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), microvascular
complications and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes who subsequently
develop obstructive sleep apnoea(OSA) compared to patients with type 2 diabetes
without a diagnosis of OSA.

Research Design and Methods: An age-, sex-, body mass index-
and diabetes duration-matched cohort study using data from a UK primary care database
from 01/01/2005 to 17/01/2018. Participants aged ≥16 years with type 2 diabetes
were included. Exposed participants were those who developed OSA after their
diabetes diagnosis; unexposed participants were those without diagnosed OSA. Outcomes
were composite CVD (ischaemic heart disease(IHD), stroke/transient ischaemic
attack(TIA), heart failure(HF)); peripheral vascular disease(PVD); atrial fibrillation(AF);
peripheral neuropathy(PN); diabetes-related foot disease(DFD); referable
retinopathy; chronic kidney disease(CKD); all-cause mortality. The same
outcomes were explored in patients with pre-existing OSA before a diagnosis of type
2 diabetes versus diabetes without diagnosed OSA.

Results: 3,667 exposed participants and 10,450 matched controls were included.
Adjusted hazard ratios for the outcomes were: composite CVD 1.54(95%CI 1.32,1.79);
IHD 1.55(1.26,1.90); HF 1.67(1.35,2.06); stroke/TIA 1.57(1.27,1.94); PVD 1.10(0.91,1.32);
AF 1.53(1.28,1.83); PN 1.32(1.14,1.51); DFD 1.42(1.16,1.74); retinopathy
0.99(0.82,1.21); CKD (stage 3-5) 1.18(1.02,1.36); albuminuria 1.11(1.01,1.22); all-cause
mortality 1.24(1.10,1.40). In the prevalent OSA cohort the results were similar
but some associations not observed.

Conclusions: Patients with type 2 diabetes who develop OSA are at increased risk of CVD,
AF, PN, DFD, CKD, and all-cause mortality compared to patients without diagnosed
OSA. Patients with type 2 diabetes who develop OSA are a high-risk population
and strategies to detect OSA and prevent cardiovascular and microvascular
complications should be implemented.
Food and Drink, The declining importance of cultural context
Authors: Ritzer George , Galli Anya
Published: April 2020

When we pop open a can of Coca Cola or reach into a bag of potato chips, we are most-likely consuming a product available to consumers in many locations across the globe and made of ingredients produced in multiple countries. While food and drink remain an integral part of cultural practices and identities today, very few of the products we purchase at the supermarket or in chain restaurants are actually local. What processes have contributed to the seemingly limitless availability of out-of-season produce, the global spread of name-brand food and drink, and the prominence of low cost ‘convenience’ foods and fast food restaurants in cities across the globe? There is no question that national and ‘local’ social structures and cultures continue to be important throughout the world. Similarly, today’s global citizens continue to have agency through which they make an array of choices and, more importantly, construct their social and cultural worlds. In other words, the dialectics between culture and agency (Archer, 1988), and structure and agency (Giddens, 1984) continue to be of great importance. This is true globally, as well as nationally and locally.
Food Ethics
Authors: Hawkins Rebecca
Published: April 2020

Food is often described as one of life’s simple pleasures. But scratch the surface and it becomes clear that food is far from simple and that the production, preparation, processing and service of food is far from pleasurable for many thousands of people globally. It is because of the intrinsic relationship between people and food that consideration of food ethics is so critical. Ethical dilemmas are evident in almost every aspect of the food production and processing cycle. The food industry is characterised by its scale. According to Euromonitor, it is the world’s largest industry (although figures on the economic contribution of the industry vary according to what is included within the classification of ‘food’), (Euromonitor, 2013). It established the first globally integrated markets, it permeates every civilisation and it makes a sizeable contribution towards emissions of carbon dioxide (the key gas implicated in climate change) (FCRN, 2010). Some food brands are universally recognised. Few, in even the most remote societies, will be unfamiliar with the bright red logo of the Coca Cola company or the yellow and red banner of the McDonalds hamburger chain. Others are defined by their localism and use their local credentials as a badge of pride and distinctiveness.
Food, Drink and Identity
Authors: Lugosi Peter
Published: April 2020

Identity refers to who we think (or feel) we are, but also to who others think we are. Identities are closely tied to our values, attitudes, beliefs, preferences, behaviours and personality characteristics that distinguish us from others around us. However, none of us are unique in our values, beliefs or our characteristics, and our identities often reflect those of others. Our identities are inevitably shaped by the people we interact with, the environments in which we live, and the cultures that we encounter. Therefore, to best understand how identities emerge, it is important to consider the social and cultural contexts in which people live. Eating and drinking are universal to all cultures; but, the beliefs and practices surrounding food and drink reflect the particular characteristics of cultures alongside the identities of the people who are part of those cultures. Food, drink and identity interact in multiple ways. This chapter considers these interactions in commercial hospitality and social settings. It examines the relationship between food, drink and identity from the consumption perspective, i.e. how foods and drinks influence and communicate identities in social and domestic settings; and how identities and the desire to articulate our sense of selves shape when, how and what foods and drinks we consume. The chapter also incorporates the production point of view, particularly within commercial contexts. It discusses how notions of identities are exploited through marketing and in the creation of commercial hospitality experiences. It also considers the ways staff’s identities are involved in creating food and drink related experiences.
ФИБРОЗНО-МЫШЕЧНАЯ ДИСПЛАЗИЯ ПОЧЕЧНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ (СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯ)
Authors: Gasymov E.G. , Abdulgasanov R.A.
Published: April 2020

Фиброзно-мышечная дисплазия является редким, невоспалительным заболеванием сосудов, характеризующимся стенозом неатеросклеротического генеза, поражающим преимущественно детей и женщин молодого возраста. В подавляющем большинстве случаев поражаются почечные артерии, что приводит к вторичной артериальной гипертензии. Большинство неинвазивных скрининговых методов исследования неэффективны в выявлении стеноза почечных артерий, однако ангиография обычно позволяет подтвердить диагноз. Транслюминальная баллонная ангиопластика является терапией выбора, однако при отсроченной терапии данный метод может быть неэффективным в нормализации артериального давления. При возникновении рестеноза требуется дальнейшее наблюдение.
ПЕРВИЧНАЯ ЛИМФОМА СЕРДЦА. СЛУЧАЙ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ
Authors: Peniaeva E.V. , Petrosian A.D. , Kovrigina A.M.
Published: April 2020

В статье представлен случай первичной диффузной В-крупноклеточной лимфомы правого предсердия с синдромом слабости синусного узла, двусторонним гидротораксом, гидрогемоперикардом, синдромом верхней полой вены, тромбоцитопенией, у 69-летней пациентки с артериальной гипертензией, хроническим аутоиммунным тиреоидитом, вирусным гепатитом С. Обсуждаются возможности диагностики и лечения первичной лимфомы сердца.
Profesión docente y Didáctica disciplinar: enfoques, modelos y problemas.
Authors: Fernández Tijero Maria Carmen
Published: April 2020

Se presenta una panorámica del estado de la cuestión que se aborda en este monográfico, contextualizando cada uno de los estudios que se presentan a continuación.
Ciudadanos del pasado y europeos del futuro. Tendiendo puentes en el aula de clásicas*
Authors: CUBO CRISTINA DE LA ROSA , GUTIÉRREZ NELIA VELLISCA , MUÑOZ VICTORIA RECIO , FERREIRA ANA ISABEL MARTÍN
Published: April 2020

Resumen: Después de muchos años utilizando en las aulas universitarias y de secundaria una metodología decimonónica que, en nuestra opinión, ha ido generando un deterioro en el aprendizaje de los alumnos, un grupo de profesores de las dos etapas educativas se reúnen en torno a un PID para analizar la posibilidad de introducir en sus aulas un método más activo, para lo que necesitan una formación previa.
Meningkatkan Produktivitas Pelaku UMKM melalui Pelatihan Perencanaan Bisnis
Authors: Fauziah Fenty , Nurfadillah Mursidah , Karhab Rinda Sandayani
Published: April 2020

Masalah pengangguran salah satunya dapat diatasi dengan membuat program-program pengentasan kemiskinan  Diperlukan upaya terus-menerus yang ditunjang dengan kemampuan untuk membuka lapangan pekerjaan sendiri. Mengatasi kemiskinan salah satunya dengan menanamkan jiwa wirausaha sehingga tidak tergantung pada lapangan kerja yang ada dan sangat terbatas. Pelatihan diperlukan untuk lebih  membangkitkan dan mengembangkan jiwa wirausaha di masyarakat.  Pelatihan ada beberapa jenis, yang paling umum adalah pelatihan keterampilan teknis. Sampai saat ini banyak pelaku UMKM yang enggan untuk mengikuti pelatihan, mereka beranggapan bahwa pelatihan cuma buang uang, tenaga dan waktu. Padahal sebenarnya pelatihan seperti pelatihan perencanaan bisnis merupakan investasi yang bermanfaat bagi pelaku UMKM di masa yang akan datang. Ketika akan memulai suatu usaha, maka yang harus dilakukan adalah perencanaan bisnis.  Peningkatan keterampilan dalam perencanaan bisnis akan meningkatkan produktivitas dan akhirnya akan meningkatkan keuntungan finansial.  Metode yang digunakan adalah pelatihan. Pelatihan  ditekankan kepada bagaimana peserta pelatihan untuk menggali  masalah dan potensi masalah yang ada dalam diri maupun lingkungannya.  Hasil pelatihan memperlihatkan bahwa pelaku UMKM memperoleh pengetahuan dan teknik dalam menyusun perencanaan bisnis yang berguna bagi peningkatan produktivitasnya.
Pelatihan Akuntansi dengan Aplikasi Zahir Accounting Versi 6 pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah Bidang Jasa
Authors: Hutauruk Martinus Robert
Published: April 2020

Tujuan dari kegiatan pelatihan akuntansi berbasis aplikasi ini adalah untuk membantu komunitas bisnis dalam lingkup Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di wilayah kota Samarinda untuk dapat mengatasi masalah administrasi bisnis hingga dapat mengelola bisnis mereka secara lebih profesional dan mampu memenuhi persyaratan kredit di bank. Kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah salah satu bentuk kepedulian, perhatian, dan penerapan keilmuan di Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda, sehubungan dengan permasalahan manajemen bisnis untuk para pelaku bisnis UMKM di kota Samarinda. Melalui klinik bisnis ini, diharapkan dapat membantu pengusaha UMKM untuk mengelola administrasi bisnisnya secara lebih profesional. Selain itu, diharapkan pengusaha UMKM akan dapat mengembangkan bisnis mereka melalui sumber modal dengan memenuhi persyaratan laporan keuangan sebagai debitur di bank dan bank lembaga non-pendanaan. Kegiatan pelatihan telah berjalan dengan baik dan juga memperkenalkan serta memberikan praktik langsung dalam membuat laporan keuangan melalui pengelolaan transaksi yang lengkap dan dikerjakan melalui penggunaan software standar akuntansi. Peserta sangat menyadari pentingnya pengelolaan transaksi bisnis melalui sistem komputer akuntansi. Hasil kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah peserta telah mampu membuat laporan keuangan (neraca, laporan laba rugi, laporan arus kas dan laporan perubahan ekuitas) yang berstandar. Keterbatasan lokasi dan waktu menjadi hal yang perlu dipertimbangkan untuk pengembangan kegiatan pelatihan ini di masa depan. Pada waktu yang akan datang, sistem pelatihan harus dilakukan lebih intensif lagi dengan dukungan penggunaan software akuntansi, agar manajemen UMKM akan semakin baik.
Seminar tentang Peranan Budaya Lokal di Indonesia terhadap Perkembangan Nilai-Nilai Agama dan Moral Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Hanita Hanita , Memelina Ayu , Nuryanti Nuryanti
Published: April 2020

Pengenalan budaya pada anak tidak terlepas dari pengaruh pendidikan dilingkungan rumah maupun di sekolah. Budaya merupakan bagian dari kebiasaan sehari-hari yang tumbuh dan berkembang di masyarakat, Sehingga kebutuhan pendidikan semakin meningkat. Pemahaman pendidikan secara keseluruhan upaya meningkatkan kemampuan dan potensi nilai-nilai sosial budaya dan rasa kemanusiaan secara utuh pada anak usia dini. Dalam pembelajaran aspek perkembangan agama dan moral berkaitan tentang perkembagan sikap dan tingkah laku anak. Melaksanakan ajaran sesuai agama yang dianut dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Stimulus tentang perkembangan aspek nilai agama serta moral memiliki tujuan membetuk perilaku terpuji dan tidak terpuji, serta taat dalam menjalankan aturan yang ada perintah agamanya dan sesuai dengan pembiasaan budaya, yang  mendasari prilaku dan sikapnya terhadap kehidupan selanjutnya baik masa kanak-kanak, remaja, dewasa dan orang tua adalah menanaman aspek ini. Hasil berdasarkan pertanyaan kepada para guru dan orang tua, menunjukkan bahwa adanya peranan budaya terhadap peningkatan nilai-nilai agama dan moral yang dibuktikan dari hasil persentase point 3 (sering) sebanyak 96,36% pada Penilaian Penananaman Nilai-Nilai Agama Dan Moral, point 3 (sering) sebanyak 75% pada penilaian terhadap budya (pembiasaan) pada anak usia dini. Penerapan serta menanamkan perilaku nilai agama serta moral, disiplin dan afeksi dalam upaya pembentukan bidang perilaku yang merupakan kegiatan secara terus menerus dilakukan dan dibiasakan pada kegiatan sehari-hari anak, sehingga aspek ini secara optimal mengalami perkembangan .
Pemberdayaan Kader Melalui Hidroponik pada Lahan Sempit sebagai Upaya Preventif Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Yulianti Retno , Pramono Andri Pramesyanti , Nurcita Boenga
Published: April 2020

Permasalahan yang terjadi sebanyak 15 persen penduduk Depok menyandang penyakit diabetes melitus serta penyebab kematian sekitar 6.84%. Kurangnya perhatian penyandang diabetes terhadap upaya preventif menanggulangi komplikasi diabetes, maka upaya yang dapat dilakukan melalui bercocok tanam dengan hidroponik meskipun memiliki pekarangan yang sempit. Tujuan kegiatan adalah agar kader Posbindu di RW 05 Kelurahan Gandul dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan ketrampilan, meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan barang bekas sebagai upaya mengurangi keberadaan sampah plastik  serta memberi pengetahuan peluang wirausaha baru dari hidroponik. Metode kegiatan adalah memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan dan pembekalan hidroponik sistem Wick, diskusi dan tanya jawab serta demonstrasi dan praktek mandiri dengan menggunakan barang bekas. Evaluasi kegiatan dengan melihat kehadiran dan antusiasme kader dalam diskusi dan praktek serta penilaian pretest dan postest. Hasil kegiatan adalah kehadiran peserta kader sebanyak 93,3%, peningkatan pengetahuan sekitar 80% dan peningkatan sikap positif kader menjadi 92,86% dari total peserta terhadap hidroponik, antusiasme kader yang tinggi lewat interaksi pada saat praktek budidaya hidroponik, serta membuat wadah tanaman dari barang bekas. Kesimpulan kegiatan adalah para kader RW 05 telah menerapkan pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan dengan bercocok tanam, sehingga pembekalan hidroponik dapat memberikan peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan budidaya sayuran dalam pot/wadah dari barang bekas dan dapat mendukung ketahanan pangan keluarga.
Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga sebagai Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Perempuan
Authors: Utami Fitria Siswi , Mawarti Retno
Published: April 2020

Permasalahan kesehatan reproduksi selama ini masih merupakan permasalahan yang bersentuhan erat dengan gender. Perempuan seringkali dianggap satu-satunya yang bertanggungjawab terhadap kesehatan reproduksinya. Sementara itu, kesempatan memperoleh informasi khususnya sebagai usaha preventif masih dirasa kurang oleh perempuan. Kelompok Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK) sebagai salah satu kelompok besar perempuan usia subur sebagai wahana yang dapat dimanfaatkan anggotanya untuk bertukar informasi. Pemanfaatan kesempatan kegiatan PKK sebagai sarana berbagi informasi dan pelaksanaan pemeriksaan deteksi kanker serviks dapat meningkatkan peran aktif masyarakat dalam upaya peningkatan derajat kesehatan perempuan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi kelompok dirumuskan bersama mitra adalah minimnya informasi untuk mereka karena sumber informasi hanya berasal dari kegiatan promosi kesehatan saat Posyandu Balita. Sementara itu, tidak semua wanita usia subur peserta PKK memiliki balita. Solusi yang diberikan adalah melatih kader dari kelompok PKK sebagai penyambung informasi kesehatan untuk perempuan.
Pencegahan Merokok Sejak Dini melalui Penyuluhan Bimbingan dan Konseling
Authors: Rosdiana Rosdiana
Published: April 2020

Tujuan kegiatan ini memberikan pengetahuan, pemahaman mengenai bahan yang terdapat dalam rokok serta bahaya dan resiko bagi perokok dan orang yang berada disekitarnya, memberikan bimbingan dan konseling, agar siswa tidak merokok lagi, dan membangun motivasi agar bisa sukses melalui potensi yang dimiliki. Metode yang digunkan yaitu, penyuluhan kombinasi dengan roll play dan FGD, bimbingan dan konseling. Hasil kegiatan melalui evaluasi diakhir dengan cara tanya jawab kepada siswa, menggambarkan siswa yang mengikuti penyuluhan sebanyak 54 orang mengetahui dan memahami bahan yang terdapat pada rokok serta bahaya dan dampak akibat mengkonsumsinya.
A Framework for Patient Stratification in Clinical Trials for Alzheimer’s Disease Henry C Cousins1 and Clara C Cousins2*
Authors:   Department Of Molecular And Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cousins Clara C
Published: April 2020

Drug discovery efforts in Alzheimer’s disease depend increasingly
Educación ambiental en la escuela primaria: Una experiencia de aprendizaje socioambiental situado
Authors: Castro-Salcido Elizabeth , Rivera-Núñez Tlacaelel
Published: April 2020

La educación ambiental es una tarea indispensable en nuestros días, y la escuela es uno de los escenarios propicios para su desarrollo. En este trabajo se presenta el diseño y la aplicación de una intervención escolar para el desarrollo de la educación ambiental de niñas y niños de tercer y cuarto grado de primaria, en una localidad usuaria de tres reservas de la biósfera en el estado de Sonora. El abordaje teórico-metodológico del estudio se gestó desde la perspectiva de aprendizaje situado y significativo, con un enfoque de etnografía en el aula. Los resultados destacan la vinculación entre los contenidos curriculares y el escenario socioambiental, los saberes de las y los niños como actores sociales, así como la identificación de problemáticas y propuestas de solución. A través de las propias experiencias de la intervención, se discute en torno a los alcances de la educación ambiental en los contextos escolares.