bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adversarial versus Inquisitorial Testimony
Authors: Emons Winand , Fluet Claude
Published: June 2020

Un arbitre doit décider d’un litige entre deux parties dans le cadre d’une procédure purement accusatoire. Sa décision peut reposer uniquement sur ses a priori, en l’absence d’information supplémentaire ; ou bien elle peut reposer sur les éléments de preuve additionnels soumis volontairement par les parties au litige. Lorsqu’elle décide de témoigner, et moyennant un coût, chaque partie peut déformer la réalité en sa faveur. À l’équilibre, les parties ne témoignent jamais simultanément. Une partie ne témoigne que si les faits sont suffisamment en sa faveur, mais son témoignage présente alors une version exagérée de cet avantage. Inversement, si les faits sont proches de l’évaluation a priori du décideur, aucune des parties ne témoigne. Nous comparons cet équilibre à celui qui serait obtenu avec une procédure purement inquisitoire où c’est l’arbitre qui décide du nombre de témoignages.
La barémisation des indemnités pour licenciement abusif : quelques éléments d’analyse empirique
Authors: Desrieux Claudine , Espinosa Romain
Published: June 2020

Cet article propose une première analyse quantitative de l’introduction du barème pour les indemnités de licenciement abusif en France, à la suite des ordonnances de l’automne 2017. À partir d’une base de données originale, nous analysons les écarts entre les indemnités réellement perçues pour des affaires décidées entre 2013 et 2017 et les montants prévus par le barème. L’ancienneté apparaît comme un critère déterminant pour identifier les parties sensibles au barème : les salariés avec une faible ancienneté étaient davantage susceptibles de recevoir des indemnités en dehors du barème. Toutefois, de possibles effets indirects du barème sont à envisager comme la multiplication du nombre des autres chefs de demande ou de leurs montants. Classification JEL  : K41, K31, J52.
Les trajectoires des territoires industriels français : expansion, industrialisation, mutation, rétraction
Authors: Gros-Balthazard Marjolaine
Published: June 2020

Après plusieurs décennies de croyance en l’avènement d’une économie post-industrielle, se pose à nouveau la question de l’avenir de l’industrie en France. Celle-ci n’a pas disparu et structure encore nombre de territoires. Pour objectiver le discours souvent réducteur ou fataliste relayé après la crise économique de 2008, nous proposons d’analyser ce que sont les territoires industriels. En admettant que ces territoires sont majoritairement dépendants de leur passé, cet article livre une analyse tenant compte de leurs trajectoires au cours des quarante dernières années. Il s’appuie sur deux grilles analytiques complémentaires. La première distingue trois grands types de bassins de vie industriels : ex-industriels, tradi-industriels et néo-industriels. La seconde approfondit cette première typologie en révélant quatre grandes formes de trajectoires que sont l’expansion, l’industrialisation, la mutation et la rétraction. L’analyse livre de précieux indices quant à la diversité des territoires industriels et aux enjeux qui leur sont posés.
Quels rôles pour les activités de recherche scientifique dans une stratégie de développement territorial ?
Authors: Charles Kevin , Charles Erwan
Published: June 2020

Cet article apporte des éléments d’éclairage sur les liens entre science et développement territorial. Pour un territoire, en particulier métropolitain, une stratégie de développement économique incluant les activités scientifiques passe par deux objectifs : un objectif de rayonnement scientifique international ( RSI ), et un objectif de fertilisation locale ( FL ). Après un examen des différentes combinaisons RSI-FL envisageables, nous testons empiriquement l’une des configurations identifiées, la coexistence RSI-FL , à partir d’un double cas d’étude : celui des sites de Brest (France) et Bergen (Norvège) dans le domaine des sciences marines. Trois méthodes sont mises en œuvre successivement : deux méthodes mixtes comparatives (bibliométrie spatialisée et enquête par entretiens) et une modélisation input-output régionalisée. Les différents résultats sont mis en perspective afin d’estimer dans quelle mesure le RSI peut exister et se développer tout en nourrissant la FL , et quelles en sont les conditions favorables, ou à l’inverse les freins.
Développement d’un système productivo-résidentiel en périphérie
Authors: Rime Delphine
Published: June 2020

Dans le contexte actuel de mobilité généralisée (des biens, des connaissances, mais aussi des consommateurs), tout type de territoire est confronté à la multiplicité des enjeux de développement : la compétitivité des activités industrielles, mais aussi l’attractivité touristique ou résidentielle. Cet article discute le développement des régions périphériques en particulier et présente le cas de la région de la Gruyère (canton de Fribourg, Suisse). Comme de nombreuses régions périphériques, la région a connu une dynamique de développement exogène, qui concernait d’abord les activités industrielles, puis également les activités résidentielles. Des tensions ont résulté de ce développement parce qu’il reposait sur une importante urbanisation. Un « milieu ancreur élargi » se constitue aujourd’hui pour endogénéiser le développement, ce qui passe par une préservation des ressources patrimoniales rurales de la région, notamment foncières.
Stabilité du gouvernement et ajustement budgétaire de pays d’Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Yabré Tobignaré , Semedo Gervasio , Ouédraogo Idrissa M.
Published: June 2020

Cet article explore l’effet de la stabilité du gouvernement sur les politiques d’ajustement budgétaire dans vingt-sept pays d’Afrique subsaharienne. L’approche méthodologique mobilisée débute par une identification des épisodes d’ajustement sur la base du solde primaire corrigé des variations cycliques (CAPB). Deux définitions de l’ajustement budgétaire sont considérées pour capter la différence entre les ajustements majeurs et les ajustements mineurs. Par la suite, un modèle logit est estimé pour analyser cette relation. Les résultats soutiennent que la fréquence d’ajustements budgétaires est expliquée par le risque politique auquel les gouvernements sont assujettis. Deux idées sont ainsi mises en avant. La première est que la politique d’ajustement dans de nombreux pays d’Afrique subsaharienne n’est pas seulement déterminée par les cycles économiques, mais aussi par les caractéristiques politico-institutionnelles des gouvernements. La seconde met en avant le rôle de la stabilité institutionnelle des gouvernements en tant que combinaison de la cohésion du gouvernement, la force législative et le soutien populaire.
Vieillissement, état de santé et accident de la vie courante
Authors: Ancelot Lydie , Bonnal Liliane , Buitrago Gamez Greivis , Depret Marc-Hubert , Dupuy Marion
Published: June 2020

Chaque année en France, une personne sur cinq est victime d’un accident de la vie courante (AcVC). Bien que nous soyons tous concernés par ces accidents, les études montrent que les plus touchés sont les moins de 15 ans et les plus de 65 ans. Pour ces derniers, un mauvais état de santé est un facteur aggravant. Notre contribution vient compléter cette idée. Nous montrons ainsi qu’il y a deux types d’AcVC : ceux qui semblent aléatoires et indépendants des caractéristiques observables des victimes et ceux qui semblent liés à des inégalités sociales et comportementales puisque les personnes isolées et celles ayant des difficultés financières ont plus de risque d’être victimes de ce type d’accident. Cet article milite ainsi pour davantage de prévention à destination des profils à risque chez les personnes âgées susceptibles d’être victimes d’AcVC.
Longeon, Papon et les juristes
Authors: Cazals Géraldine
Published: June 2020

Cet article se propose d’étudier la contribution apportée par Claude Longeon à notre connaissance des juristes français de la Renaissance. Dans Hommes et livres de la Renaissance , dans Une province française à la Renaissance , dans Les écrivains foréziens du xvi e  siècle , comme encore dans de nombreux articles, Claude Longeon en effet s’est penché sur de nombreux juristes, à commencer par Jean Papon. L’impressionnant travail qui a été le sien lui a permis non seulement d’en exhumer les noms et les œuvres, jusqu’alors pour la plupart tombées dans l’oubli, mais encore de mettre en avant l’importance des cercles constitués par ces juristes dans l’évolution intellectuelle du Forez. Trente ans après sa disparition, la plupart de ces œuvres et de ces auteurs restent encore dans l’ombre et il semble tout à fait essentiel d’approfondir aujourd’hui, en s’aidant des évolutions historiographiques actuelles, les perspectives ouvertes par Claude Longeon.
Dorothy Richardson’s Correspondence during the Second World War and the Development of Feminine Consciousness in Pilgrimage
Authors: TRAJANOSKA Ivana
Published: June 2020

As an unjustifiably marginalized forerunner of English modernism, Dorothy Richardson left behind her, apart from her 13-volume novel Pilgrimage, a few short stories and poems, a considerable amount of non-fictional writings including essays and over two thousand letters. The majority of Richardson’s correspondence was first transcribed and edited by Gloria Fromm in Windows on Modernism. George H. Thomson systematized the total of Richardson’s known correspondence in his Dorothy Richardson: A Calendar of the Letters, enabling thorough research and unique insight in Richardson’s life. Furthermore, Richardson’s correspondence is of cultural value, even though Richardson, in her letters, accounts mainly for her daily life, financial constraints and constant moving to-and fro from Cornwall to London. However, her letters also, in a very subtle way, portray life in a world where socialism, communism and fascism were competing. Unlike some of her contemporaries, direct treatment of war is absent from both her novels and correspondence. Moreover, the letters written during the Second World War are particularly focused on domestic life in war time England. The present paper, through the analysis of Richardson’s correspondence during the Second World War and her unconventional way of dealing with current political and social events, aims to show Richardson’s unique approach to female experience and the development of feminine consciousness.
Theory of electromagnetic wave (≥1 mm) emission and absorption by the hydrogen atom derived from the relativistically modified Schrödinger equation
Authors: Kohiyama Noboru
Published: June 2020

The relativistically modified Schrödinger equation is solved for the hydrogen atom for consistency with the eigenvalues of electron’s energy derived from the Dirac equation. Based on the consistency of their eigenvalues, the theory of electromagnetic wave (≥1 mm)
emission and absorption by the hydrogen atom is expressed. Another particle in addition to an electron is predicted from this theory.
Bekenstein‐Hawking black hole entropy, Hawking temperature, and the Unruh effect: Insight from the laws of thermodynamics
Authors: Crothers Stephen J. , Robitaille Pierre-Marie
Published: June 2020

The laws of thermodynamics play a central role in scientific inquiry, guiding physics as to the validity of hypothesized claims. It is for this reason that quantities of thermodynamic relevance must retain their character wherever they appear. Temperature, for example, must always be
intensive, a requirement set by the 0th law. Otherwise, the very definition of temperature is compromised. Similarly, entropy must remain extensive, in order to conform to the second law. These rules must be observed whenever a system is large enough to be characterized by macroscopic quantities,
such as volume or area. This explains why ensembles comprised of just a few atoms cannot be considered thermodynamic systems. In this regard, black holes are hypothesized to be large systems, characterized by the Schwarzschild radius (rs = 2GM/c 2)
and its associated “horizon” area (A = 4πrs 2), where G, M, and c represent the universal constant of gravitation, the mass of the black hole, and the speed of light in vacuum, respectively. It can
be readily demonstrated that Bekenstein‐Hawking black hole entropy is nonextensive, while the Hawking and the Unruh temperatures are nonintensive. As a result, the associated equations violate the laws of thermodynamics and can hold no place in the physical sciences.
Understanding Millennial Values and How They Will Shape the Future Workforce
Authors: Theertha Pathy Laveenia
Published: June 2020

This chapter explores Millennials and their characteristics and imperative influence in changing purchasing behavior, consumer preferences, and how transactions are made. It also highlights why Millennials are a significant generation to explore. The general findings indicate Millennials are a significant generation because technology will be a prominent disruptor to look out for, and Millennials will be the ones steering the ship. Additional findings indicate the Millennials are value driven and strive to work for organizations that are ethical, prefer being empowered, and remain loyal as long as it is within their career trajectory. They also like to be engaged through regular feedback, and they strive towards rebuilding institutions for greater impact. Millennials' aspirations in achieving higher purpose and understanding of life stems from their spirituality and genuine care for people, communities, and values that affect their attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs. At the tail end, the chapter implores the importance in revolutionizing education for future generations.
A Systematic Literature Review on Hospitality Analytics
Authors: Rodrigues João Paulo , Sousa Maria José , Brochado Ana
Published: June 2020

With the growth of data generated by all systems involved in a hotel, terms like big data and business analytics (BA) gain strength within the hotel industry. Business analytics can be used in hospitality management to increase business knowledge and to improve the decision-making process. This study's main questions are: RQ1 – Which are the main research attributes studied in the past two decades related to analytics in the hospitality sector? RQ2 – What are the main differences between business intelligence and business analytics? RQ3 – What are the main trends in business analytics? RQ4 – Which are the main business intelligence perceptions and beliefs? To answer these research questions, this article provides a literature review to systematize the research made in business analytics information systems in the hospitality industry. The results can help identify different research attributes and the most relevant theories developed in the past two decades related to business analytics tools.
The Padua Natural Stone Cluster: From the Corrals to the Olympic Boulevard
Authors: Peiter Carlos Cesar , Gameiro Maria Martha
Published: June 2020

The Santo Antonio de Padua natural stone cluster in the state of Rio de Janeiro is considered one of the most successful small mining initiatives in Brazil, having seen the creation of around 150 small- and medium-sized companies operating quarries and stone saw mills. Initially used as corral flooring material, the natural stone was later used in large urban projects such as the Porto Maravilha, a project supported by the city of Rio de Janeiro to modernize the city port before the 2016 Olympic Games. Such a step forward was made possible by a multistakeholder approach that brought together local stone business representatives, government agencies, non-governmental institutions, and other authorities that supported a regional development plan stablishing natural stone production as a priority. This paper describes historical events associated with the development of the Padua stone cluster that may offer practical examples for similar initiatives worldwide.
Marble Durability Assessment by Means of Total Optical Porosity and Adjacent Grain Analysis
Authors: Bellopede Rossana , Zichella Lorena , Marini Paola
Published: June 2020

The presence of pores, cracks and microcracks in marble is one of the main features that govern the processes of decay of this stone material and, although marble is characterised by a modest porosity, there is a clear correlation between the presence and movement of fluids, and the phenomena of alteration. Through the study of porosity, it is possible to better understand the phenomena of alteration and degradation in order to obtain useful information, not only in the field of modern building, but also for the protection and recovery of historical and artistic heritage goods. This study was conducted through the characterisation of parameters directly related with the degree of alteration of the materials: water absorption at atmospheric pressure (EN 13755), open porosity (EN 1936), flexural strength (EN 12372) and bowing (EN 16306 par. 8.2). The physical and mechanical measurements have been compared with the Total Optical Porosity method (TOP) and the Adjacent Grain Analysis (AGA) index (a suggested method to evaluate the marbles’ tendency to bow, in EN 16306 annex C); two different methodologies both based on image analysis. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness, for the assessment of marble durability, of the two techniques of microscopic image analysis, the first correlating to the grain shape and the second to the open porosity index. This was done by comparing the microscopic image analysis results with the physical and mechanical properties, both after artificial ageing and after ten years of natural ageing. The results obtained with the TOP method seem to represent the tendency to decay better than the AGA index. The comparison of image analysis of the thin sections, in different portions of the marble specimens, shows the development of degradation due to atmospheric agents, from the surface to the inside, of naturally aged specimens, confirming recent studies made on different marbles.
Spatial characteristics of men who have sex with men and transgender women attending HIV voluntary counselling and testing in Bangkok, Thailand, 2005–2015
Authors: Weiss Kevin , Karuchit Samart , Pattanasin Sarika , Chitwarakorn Anupong , Wimonsate Wipas , Suksamosorn Jirawat , Visavakum Prin , Sukwicha Wichuda , Ungsedhapand Chaiwat , Dunne Eileen F. , Holtz Timothy H.
Published: June 2020

Spatiotemporal analyses can support Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) prevention programmes by identifying locations of at-risk populations in space and time, and their proximity to HIV testing and prevention services. We assessed residential proximity to HIV testing venues for Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) and Transgender Women (TGW) attending Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) at a large urban MSM clinic in Bangkok, Thailand in the period 2005–2015. We mapped clientprovided spatial data and HIV testing venues, calculating distance from residence to venues for VCT clients between i) September 2005–December 2009; ii) January 2010–September 2013; and iii) October 2013–May 2015. We assessed spatial characteristics across times, evaluating autocorrelation of HIV prevalence and visit density using Moran’s I. Among 8,758 first-time VCT clients reporting geographic information from 2005–2015 (by period: 2737, 3917, 2104), 1329 (15.2%) lived in postal codes ≤5 km from the clinic. Over time, the proportion living in areas covered by Bangkok postal codes ≤2 km from any MSM HIV testing venue increased from 12.6% to 41.0% (p<0.01). The proportion living ≤5 km from the clinic decreased from 16.6% to 13.0% (p<0.01). HIV prevalence and clinic visit density demonstrated statistically significant non-random spatial patterning. Significant non-random patterning of prevalent infection and client visits highlighted Bangkok’s urban HIV epidemic, clinic proximity to clients, and geographic reach. Clients lived closer to testing venues, yet farther from the urban MSM clinic, over time. Spatiotemporal characteristics of VCT clients can help assess service accessibility and guide targeted prevention planning.
Spatial statistical analysis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) in China
Authors: Li Huling , Li Hui , Ding Zhongxing , Hu Zhibin , Chen Feng , Wang Kai , Peng Zhihang , Shen Hongbing
Published: June 2020

The cluster of pneumonia cases linked to coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), first reported in China in late December 2019 raised global concern, particularly as the cumulative number of cases reported between 10 January and 5 March 2020 reached 80,711. In order to better understand the spread of this new virus, we characterized the spatial patterns of Covid-19 cumulative cases using ArcGIS v.10.4.1 based on spatial autocorrelation and cluster analysis using Global Moran’s I (Moran, 1950), Local Moran’s I and Getis-Ord General G (Ord and Getis, 2001). Up to 5 March 2020, Hubei Province, the origin of the Covid-19 epidemic, had reported 67,592 Covid-19 cases, while the confirmed cases in the surrounding provinces Guangdong, Henan, Zhejiang and Hunan were 1351, 1272, 1215 and 1018, respectively. The top five regions with respect to incidence were the following provinces: Hubei (11.423/10,000), Zhejiang (0.212/10,000), Jiangxi (0.201/10,000), Beijing (0.196/10,000) and Chongqing (0.186/10,000). Global Moran’s I analysis results showed that the incidence of Covid-19 is not negatively correlated in space (p=0.407413>0.05) and the High-Low cluster analysis demonstrated that there were no high-value incidence clusters (p=0.076098>0.05), while Local Moran’s I analysis indicated that Hubei is the only province with High-Low aggregation (p<0.0001).
Use of Twitter social media activity as a proxy for human mobility to predict the spatiotemporal spread of COVID-19 at global scale
Authors: Bisanzio Donal , Kraemer Moritz U.G. , Bogoch Isaac I. , Brewer Thomas , Brownstein John S , Reithinger Richard
Published: June 2020

As of February 27, 2020, 82,294 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been reported since December 2019, including 2,804 deaths, with cases reported throughout China, as well as in 45 international locations outside of mainland China. We predict the spatiotemporal spread of reported COVID- 19 cases at the global level during the first few weeks of the current outbreak by analyzing openly available geolocated Twitter social media data. Human mobility patterns were estimated by analyzing geolocated 2013–2015 Twitter data from users who had: i) tweeted at least twice on consecutive days from Wuhan, China, between November 1, 2013, and January 28, 2014, and November 1, 2014, and January 28, 2015; and ii) left Wuhan following their second tweet during the time period under investigation. Publicly available COVID-19 case data were used to investigate the correlation among cases reported during the current outbreak, locations visited by the study cohort of Twitter users, and airports with scheduled flights from Wuhan. Infectious Disease Vulnerability Index (IDVI) data were obtained to identify the capacity of countries receiving travellers from Wuhan to respond to COVID-19. Our study cohort comprised 161 users. Of these users, 133 (82.6%) posted tweets from 157 Chinese cities (1,344 tweets) during the 30 days after leaving Wuhan following their second tweet, with a median of 2 (IQR= 1–3) locations visited and a mean distance of 601 km (IQR= 295.2–834.7 km) traveled. Of our user cohort, 60 (37.2%) traveled abroad to 119 locations in 28 countries. Of the 82 COVID-19 cases reported outside China as of January 30, 2020, 54 cases had known geolocation coordinates and 74.1% (40 cases) were reported less than 15 km (median = 7.4 km, IQR= 2.9–285.5 km) from a location visited by at least one of our study cohort’s users. Countries visited by the cohort’s users and which have cases reported by January 30, 2020, had a median IDVI equal to 0.74. We show that social media data can be used to predict the spatiotemporal spread of infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Based on our analyses, we anticipate cases to be reported in Saudi Arabia and Indonesia; additionally, countries with a moderate to low IDVI (i.e. ≤0.7) such as Indonesia, Pakistan, and Turkey should be on high alert and develop COVID- 19 response plans as soon as permitting.
Rational equivalence and Lagrangian tori on K3 surfaces
Authors: Sheridan Nick , Smith Ivan
Published: June 2020

Fix a symplectic K3 surface

X

homologically mirror to an algebraic K3 surface

Y

by an equivalence taking a graded Lagrangian torus

L \subset X

to the skyscraper sheaf of a point

y \in Y

. We show there are Lagrangian tori with vanishing Maslov class in

X

whose class in the Grothendieck group of the Fukaya category is not generated by Lagrangian spheres. This is mirror to a statement about the “Beauville–Voisin subring” in the Chow groups of

Y

, and fits into a conjectural relationship between Lagrangian cobordism and rational equivalence of algebraic cycles.
Connected components of strata of Abelian differentials over Teichmüller space
Authors: Calderon Aaron
Published: June 2020

This paper describes connected components of the strata of holomorphic abelian differentials on marked Riemann surfaces with prescribed degrees of zeros. Unlike the case for unmarked Riemann surfaces, we find there can be many connected components, distinguished by roots of the cotangent bundle of the surface. In the course of our investigation we also characterize the images of the fundamental groups of strata inside of the mapping class group. The main techniques of proof are mod

r

winding numbers and a mapping class group–theoretic analogue of the Euclidean algorithm.
Müzekki’n-Nüfûs Bağlamında Eşrefoğlu Rûmî’ye Göre Marifet
Authors: PEKDOĞRU Yakup
Published: June 2020

Marifet sûfilere göre Allah tarafından salike verilen bir bilgidir ve bu bilgi fıkıh ve kelam âlimlerinin sahip olduğu bilgiden daha değerlidir. Fıkıh ve kelam uleması bilgiye ya doğrudan temel kaynaklardan ya da istidlal yoluyla ulaşmaktadır. Sûfîler ise marifete kötülüklerin kaynağı olan nefs terbiye edildikten sonra ulaşır. Bu yöntem aynı zamanda ahlaklı bireyleri de meydana getirir; nihayetinde insan-ı kâmiller ortaya çıkar. Marifet Hakk’ı isim ve sıfatlarıyla bilmek ve şeylerin gerçekliğini kavramaktır; onun mahalli sufilerin ifadesiyle kalptir. Bu makalede Osmanlı Devleti’nin erken dönemlerinde yaşayan, Eşrefoğlu Rûmî’nin Müzekki’n-Nüfûs isimli eseri bağlamında marifet görüşü incelenmiştir. O, Hacı Bayram-ı Veli’nin damadı ve öğrencisidir, hem şair hem sûfîdir, birçok öğrenci yetiştirmiştir, Bayrami ve Kadiridir. Onun eseri seyr u süluk kitabı olarak kabul edilebilir; zira bu eserde nefsi terbiye eden konular ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca eserin dikkat çekici bir özelliği de okuyuculara çokça nasihatte bulunmasıdır. Eşrefoğlu Rûmî’nin kitaptaki amacı kişileri doğru yola iletmek ve ahirette kurtuluşlarını sağlamaktır. Dolayısıyla biz de çalışmamızda eserin bu yönüne değindik. Daha sonra Eşrefoğlu Rûmî’nin marifete dair görüşlerini açıkladık.
Aspectos teóricos del concepto y contenido del derecho constitucional humano a la libertad y la seguridad.
Authors: Elena Holodilova  , Anna Gubareva  , Kseniya Kovalenko.
Published: June 2020

El problema de la libertad como estado de personalidad es uno de los más importantes, discutibles y relevantes en la ciencia jurídica durante muchos siglos. Está estrechamente relacionado con los problemas del lugar y el papel de una persona en el estado ruso y en el sistema legal emergente, con la implementación individual de los derechos y libertades constitucionales básicos, así como con la necesidad de mejorar los mecanismos legales que garanticen un posición digna de la persona en el mundo.
Effects of COVID-19 during lockdown in Nepal
Authors: Mahato Preeti , Tamang Pasang , Simkhada Padam , Shahi Prakash , Teijlingen Edwin van , Aryal Nirmal , Regmi Pramod
Published: June 2020

Nepal started its full lockdown on March 24, 2020 and has been extended until 14 June 2020 as a precaution for prevention of COVID-19 infection. However, the strict lockdown has been criticised by many as not all the deaths are caused by COVID-19. The long and strict lockdown have had some negative effects in many aspects of health of an individual in the community. Many women are facing barriers to access maternity health care during the lockdown period and there has been rise in the suicidal behaviour such as sucidal attempt and actual suicide itself among the general population. As the lockdown began in Nepal, all the school and colleges were suspended, and children were forced to spend their time indoors and exams has been postponed leaving the students stressed about the uncertainty of their future. Social distancing, isolation and quarantine at home can result in isolated in an abusive home where there could be even more increase in abuse during such crisis. Millions of babies are missing the routine vaccinations which is a threat to global achievement in immunization. Apart from the rise in negative impact on health of Nepali people, there are other impacts related to health such as serious impacts on logistics and supply management including shortage of medicine and food supply; and impacts on farming including both production and sale. Nepal took several precautionary measures as a response towards COVID-19 such as   First, limiting international air travel, sealing the land border-crossings with India and introduction of social distancing measures. However, with rise in deaths due to non COVID related causes and negative impacts on economic and financial condition of the country, there is a need for the country to ease its lockdown.  Contact tracing, making face mask mandatory along with social distancing measure can be an alternative to lockdown for Nepal while the country is preparing to ease its lockdown. Social distancing, hygiene, lifestyle factors and PPE measures need to continue for long term, whilst we need to keep working on the big public health issues such as poverty reduction, improving access to health service to achieve universal health coverage.
Production of Bioethanol from a Local Natural Resource
Authors: EDJEKOUANE Meryem , LANSARI Fatma , KHELIFI Omar , BOUKHETECHE Ishak , LAKSACI Hamza
Published: June 2020

In this work, we have studied the possibility of energy recovery from the fruit wastes of Adrar University as a substrate for the production of bioethanol by anaerobic bioconversion in the presence of the yeast Saccharomyces cervisiae. During this study, we have prepared a black must in which a mass of 100g of the substrate used is placed in 1 L of tap water, after fermentation at 30°C for 72 h, the solution is filtered, then centrifuged and then a fractional distillation operation was carried out in order to purify the ethanol produced and we recovered a volume of 35 ml of the bioethanol. Finally, we applied an inflammation test on the bioethanol obtained which gives a positive result. The result shows that waste from the local natural resource has great potential for the production of ethanol
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN SUMBER AIR PANAS SEBAGAI OBYEK WISATA ALAM DI KABUPATEN MANOKWARI SELATAN
Authors: Fatmaningtyas Tatik , Renwarin Dominggas M.H. , Beljai Matheus
Published: June 2020

Informasi tentang obyek wisata alam di Kabupaten Manokwari belum banyak disajikan secara ilmiah, diantaranya obyek wisata air panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan sumber air panas sebagai objek wisata alam di Kabupaten Manokwari Selatan. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode deskriptif dengan teknik studi pustaka, wawancara dan pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Data yang diambil ialah potensi fisik, biologi, pemandangan alam, sejarah dan sosial masyarakat sekitarnya. Data dianalisis dengan metode skoring menggunakan Pedoman Kriteria Penilaian Daya Tarik Wisata Alam yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi kawasan sumber air panas. Analisis kelayakan dilakukan terhadap 4 kriteria, yaitu: daya tarik, akesibilitas, sarana dan prasarana serta kondisi lingkungan sosial masyarakat sekitar. Dari hasil olahan data dan penilaian, sumber air panas di Kampung Siwi memiliki skor sebesar 79,63. Nilai tersebut termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Hasil penilaian ini menunjukkan bahwa seumber air panas tersebut memenuhi syarat untuk dikembangkan sebagai objek wisata alam. Walaupun telah memenuhi syarat namun ada beberapa hal yang tetap harus diperhatikan untuk dikelola secara lebih baik dalam pengelolaan obyek wisata alam tersebut, antara lain dukungan pengembangan sarana dan prasarana dari pemerintah.
SKEMA PEMBAGIAN MANFAAT DAN STAKEHOLDERS TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN HUTAN DAMAR (Agathis labilardieri Warb.) DISTRIK BIAK TIMUR KABUPATEN BIAK NUMFOR
Authors: Maran Jhon Arnold , Marwa Jonni , Sinery Anton Silas
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengkaji skema pembagian manfaat sumberdaya hutan dan mendukung peran masyarakat adat di distrik Biak Timur. Metode yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif dan observasi dengan teknik studi kasus, wawancara semi struktural dengan subjek berupa masyarakat pemilik hak ulayat, serta stakeholder yang terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat dua skema pembagian manfaat yaitu skema berbasis uang melalui proses pembayaran uang kepada masyarakat pemilik hak ulayat sesuai produk kayu yang dibeli dan berbasis dampak yaitu melaui uang yang diterima pemilik hak ulayat terkait dengan kegiatan-kegiatan pemeliharaan dan pelestarian kawasan hutan yang rusak. Terdapat kegiatan rehabilitasi dan pemulihan kawasan hutan dan meningkatkan peran dan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam merehabilitasi hutan dan lahan. Dengan adanya keterlibatan stakeholder memberikan manfaat bagi keberlanjutan manfaat dan pengeolaan hutan Damar.
PENDUGAAN EROSI PADA DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) PRAFI KABUPATEN MANOKWARI
Authors: Budi Suryanajaya  , E.M. Kesaulija  , Surianto Bataradewa
Published: June 2020

Daerah aliran sungai memegang peranan penting dalam menjaga daya dukung kawasan yang salah satunya berperan dalam mencegah erosi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga besarnya erosi yang terjadi pada saat sekarang di DAS Prafi sehingga dapat menjadi sumber informasi awal bagi pengambil kebijakan dan pengelolaannya. Guna menduga besarnya erosi digunakan metoda overlay yaitu beberapa peta transparan dengan kombinasi data/survey lapangan dan analisis tanah. Selain itu beberapa analisis indeks erosivitas hujan, erodibilitas, dan analisis faktor panjang dan kemiringan lereng juga dikerjakan guna mendapatakan keakuratan informasi pendugaan erosi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indeks erosivitas hujan maksimum terjadi pada bulan Maret (190,74 ton.m/ha.jam), sementara minimum terjadi pada bulan Oktober (51,93 ton.m/ha.jam). Indeks kepekaan tanah berlihat cukup variatif pada beberapa lokasi. Tersedianya kawasan hutan dengan tipe vegetas hutan yang beragam dapat meminimalisir potensi erosi pada DAS Prafi.
AFLATOXIN M1 IN MILK AND ASSESSING THE POSSIBILITY OF ITS OCCURRENCE IN MILK PRODUCTS
Authors: Jakšić Sandra , Živkov Baloš Milica , Prodanov Radulović Jasna , Jajić Igor , Krstović Saša , Stojanov Igor , Mašić Zoran
Published: June 2020

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a hepatocarcinogenic derivative of aflatoxin B1 excreted into the milk after ingestion of contaminated feed. The presenceof AFM1 in milk and milk products is of huge concern for human health. In this paper, the results on long term assessment of AFM1 in milk produced in Serbia are presented. In the period 2013 to 2016, 427 milk samples were examined for AFM1. In 34.4 % of samples, the content of AFM1was higher than 0.05 μg/kg. The article also offers a review of the fate of aflatoxin in milk products during the different operations in milk processing. The evaluation of the influence of processing on AFM1 stability can propose economic strategy for resolving cases of accidents due to AFM-1contamination of milk.
INVESTIGATION OF QUANTITY AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BIGHEAD CARP (Aristichthys nobilis) BY-PRODUCTS
Authors: Okanović Đorđe , Ristić Milutin , Kormanjoš Šandor , Tasić Tatjana , Ikonić Predrag , Branislav Šojić , Pelić Miloš
Published: June 2020

Bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) successfully grow in polyculture with carp, feeding on plankton. It has good quality of meat for both consumption and industrial processing. Th e quantity of by-products obtained during primary processing of bighead carp and chemical characteristics of internal organs were investigated in this paper. Th e total average weight of by-products was 760.45 g (42.31%) in relation to live body weight, whichwas cca 1797.5 g. Th e by-product contributing to the largest quantity to total live body weight was the head with 529.39 g (29.45% of live bodyweight), followed by complete internal organs and tail and fi ns, which weighed 137.67 g (7.66%) and 68.82 g (3.83%), respectively Chemical composition of internal organs of bighead carp was mostly water (60.99%), following by crude fats and crude proteins (21.20% and 10.61%, respectively). The low collagen content (15.25% of total crude protein) indicates the high nutritional quality of protein content from internal organs. Nitrogenous complexes from the internal organs were predominantly proteins. Digestible nitrogen was approximately equal to total nitrogen (92.04%), indicating that all proteins of the internal organs had high biological value. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that bighead carp internal organs could be important sources of proteins and fats, and thus, could be used in Serbia as a raw material for feed and technical fat production.
EFFECT OF FREEZING-THAWING AND MARINATION TIME ON COOKED CHICKEN BREAST MEAT QUALITY
Authors: Ivić Maja , Jokanović Marija , Džinić Natalija , Tomović Vladimir , Škaljac Snežana , Šojić Branislav , Peulić Tatjana , Ikonić Predrag
Published: June 2020

Marination is oft en used to improve the yield and quality of chicken breast fi llets. Th e eff ects of freezing-thawing prior to marination and marination holding time on the instrumental and sensory properties of cooked marinated chicken fi llets were investigated. Fillets were marinated fresh or stored at -18oC and then thawed prior to marination (frozen-thawed). Fillets were soaked in marinade for 1.5 h and 20 h and then cooked at 175oC for 45 minutes for determination of cooking loss, Warner-Bratzler shear force, color properties, juiciness and sensory properties. Marinade uptake was greater in fi llets marinated for 20 h, both fresh and frozen-thawed, than in fi llets marinated for 1.5 h. Cooking loss was lowest for fresh unmarinated fi llets (19.30%) and signifi cantly lower (P < 0.05) comparing to frozenthawed fi llets marinated for 20 h (44.73%). Th e highest numerical value of color parameter lightness was found in fresh fi llet marinated for 1.5 h. There were no signifi cant diff erences between all examined fi llets regarding color properties redness and yellowness. Th e fi llets marinated for 20 h, both fresh and frozen-thawed were found to be signifi cantly more tender (P < 0.05) as indicated by lower shear force values (13.96 N and 12.88 N, respectively) and higher sensory scores for tenderness (7.00 and 6.50, respectively) as compared to other investigated fi llets. Furthermore, fresh fi llets marinated for 20 h had the highest mark for the overall sensory acceptability (95.00% of maximum quality).
Poisoning of domestic carnivores by banned pesticides in South Bačka district
Authors: Đurđević Biljana , Samojlović Milena , Kartalović Brankica , Ratajac Radomir , Pelić Miloš , Pajić Marko , Polaček Vladimir
Published: June 2020

Cases of deliberate, illegal animal poisoning are widely documented in the literature. Recently, there has been an increase in number of cases of poisoning of domestic and wild animals with highly toxic pesticides in the Republic of Serbia. During the two-year period (2016-2017), in total 40 autopsies of dogs and 2 cats from the territory of the South Bačka District were performed at the Department of Pathology at Scientific Veterinary Institute “Novi Sad” to determine the cause of death. Reasonable suspicion of poisoning in 13 dogs and 2 cats was made based on anamnestic data. The expertises were performed on request of the Republic veterinary inspector in 5 cases, and on the request of the owner in 8 cases. After autopsy, liver, kidneys and stomach content were sampled for toxicological analysis. The presence of carbofuran was determined in three dogs and one cat and the presence of 4,6-dinitro-ortho-cresol in one dog by method of gas-mass chromatography. In these cases of poisoning, on the basis of anamnestic data, clinical picture and autopsy finding it was concluded that poisonings were deliberate. Although the number of confirmed cases of domestic carnivores poisoning during the two-year period is relatively low, it is assumed that the number of undetected and undiagnosed poisoning cases is much higher. Abuse of highly toxic pesticides can have severe consequences for both public health and the overall biodiversity.
Some adverse events following immunization in veterinary medicine
Authors: Milićević Vesna , Veljović Ljubiša , Maksimović-Zorić Jelena , Žutić Jadranka , Kureljućić Branislav , Radosavljević Vladimir , Jezdimirović Nemanja , Radojičić Sonja
Published: June 2020

Vaccines are a very effective tool for the prevention and eradication of infective diseases in both veterinary and human medicine. Although for safety reasons, vaccines undergo very strict controls before being placed on the market, the risk of adverse reactions is not eliminated. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adverse event following immunization (AEFI) is any untoward medical occurrence that follows immunization and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the usage of the vaccine. Adverse reactions may arise as a direct consequence of immunization due to the specificity of the vaccine itself, the quality of the vaccine or the immunization errors. In addition, adverse reactions may also be the result of a coincidental relationship between the effect and immunization. However, biological mechanisms of AEFI are very complex. During the mass vaccination campaigns, when a large number of animals are vaccinated in a short period of time, adverse reactions are expected to be the most frequently reported. In Serbia, livestock is currently being vaccinated against Lumpy Skin Disease, Bluetongue, and Classical swine fever.
Emerging viral diseases of cyprinids
Authors: Radosavljević Vladimir , Maksimović-Zorić Jelena , Veljović Ljubiša , Nešić Ksenija , Marković Zoran , Ljubojević Pelić Dragana , Milićević Vesna
Published: June 2020

The intensive aquaculture remains the world’s fastest growing sector producing food of animal origin. In fact, it is the only animal food-producing sector growing faster than the human population, and provides an acceptable supplement to and substitute for wild fish. A number of cyprinid diseases have emerged globally and their study has become increasingly important. The expansion of aquaculture, which has relied heavily on the movement of animals and farming species new to aquaculture, has been paralleled with disease emergence. In the last few years several emerging or re-emerging fish diseases have been detected in cyprinid fish populations in Serbia. In this paper, the authors overview the major viral threats for cyprinid fishes in Serbia
Animal welfare standards in red deer (Cervus elaphus) farming
Authors: Urošević Miroslav I. , Esattore Bruno , Saggiomo Laura , Ristić Zoran A. , Stojanac Nenad
Published: June 2020

In the last decades, significant interest of consumers in game meat and products has reflected in the worldwide development of wild animal farming. Among the different farmed species, the Red deer (Cervus elaphus) takes an important place, being farmed in several different countries around the world and in most countries within the European Union. In this regard, the European Union has promulgated laws and regulations aimed at defining and organizing this business as well as ensuring the welfare of the animals. So far, relevant data on this topic are not available in Serbia probably due to the lack of deer farms across the country. In this paper, we will review the major issues related to Red deer keeping (i.e., housing, feeding and watering practices, management and handling, transport and velvet harvest) and give the proposals as a basic guideline principles for future Red deer farming in Serbia.
Laboratory diagnosis of Bordetella bronchiseptica tracheobronchitis in dog.
Authors: Milanov Dubravka , Đilas Milan , Velhner Maja , Aleksić Nevenka
Published: June 2020

In the present paper the laboratory isolation and identification of Bordatella bronchiseptica, the causative agent of canine tracheobronhitis, is described. A dog which suffered persistent cough, loss of appetite and fever was previously unsucceffully treated with antibiotics, which is why nasal swabs were taken and sent for microbiological assessment. The isolation of the causative agent was performed on routinely used standard solid growth mediums. The final identification of the isolate was done with MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization - time of flight) and real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) assays. Therapy based on the results of the antibiogram lead to successful recovery. The necessity of cooperation of veterinary clinicians and veterinary microbiologists for timely and reliable identification of the microbe(s) and selection of antimicrobials based on the results of the susceptibility testing is emphasized. The significance of the collaboration between microbiological veterinary laboratories and those dealing with human material is underlined. These can provide precise identification of zoonotic agents.
The control program of red poultry mite (Dermanyssus gallinae), today
Authors: Pavlićević Aleksandar , Ratajac Radomir , Stojanov Igor , Pavlovic Ivan
Published: June 2020

Dermanyssus gallinae control has so far been predominantly based on acaricides (insecticides) and their efficacy has been decreasing in time due to the development of resistance. D. gallinae is a species that has developed resistance to all current acaricides. Considering this, we can assume that the new acaricide - fluralaner with its evident efficacy, but also with some downsides, will improve the situation in D. gallinae control in the short term. The control of red poultry mite population in intensive poultry production has had an unfavourable tendency for decades. In order for this trend to be stopped and reversed, certain measures must be taken to the control of this disease. It is necessary to eliminate toxicological risks; define the short-term objective (efficient suppression) and the long-term one (eradication); introduce the principles of biosecurity, prevention, and rational control; provide a professional application of formulations and increase the quality of monitoring. The D. gallinae program control integrates all the above specified elements into a whole. In our opinion, the currently used program currently used on farms, based on mechanical control and active influence on technological processes, has a bright future. This type of control can be combined with other efficient methods of mite suppression on farms.