bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extending the Borders of Translation and Translation Studies: Cultural Translation as a Portal
Authors: Wu Shang
Published: October 2024

The essay explores the evolving conceptualisation of translation, moving from a traditional focus on linguistic aspects to an expansive cultural and metaphorical approach. It analyses how this shift challenges and redefines the boundaries of translation studies. The essay specifically underscores the interdisciplinary nature of the concept of cultural translation, showcasing its possible role as a nexus among diverse academic fields such as linguistics, sociology, anthropology, and cultural studies. It advocates that cultural translation c an serve as a crucial tool not only for deciphering intricate intercultural dynamics and exchanges but also for expor ting theories and insights from translation studies to other disciplines. In this way, cultural translation emerges as a liminal interdisciplinary portal, which reciprocally broadens and amplifies the scope and impact of translation studies. That is, while the co nceptual robustness of cultural translation enriches the field of translation studies, the insights and theories nurtured within this field can be propagated to adjacent disciplines via the intermediary of cultural translation.
Governmentality, Democracy, and Liberalism: Desire in Samrat Upadhyay’s ‘The Guru of Love’
Authors: Acharya Pushpa
Published: October 2024

In Samrat Upadhyay’s The Guru of Love (2003), the political and the personal intersect, with the novel as a genre exposing how they are interwoven. In the Nepali-American novelist Upadhyay’s novel, democracy and liberalism operate through the management and redirection of desires, instead of constraining them. The novel itself, as a genre, becomes the canvas for orchestrating this transformative process, engaging both characters and readers. Set against the backdrop of Nepal in the global south, The Guru of Love challenges conventional notions, suggesting that democracy’s efficacy does not hinge on industrialisation and education alone. Instead, democracy itself can serve as a potent political tool for nurturing a citizenry that favours such politics. As this novel shows, the key tenet of liberal and capitalist governance lies in the augmentation and regulation of the individual’s desires. Upadhyay’s novel is a testament to the celebration of individualism and shows the workings of capitalist and liberal deregulation as a mechanism for managing and channelling desires. It portrays how these political ideologies shape and mould the individual’s personal aspirations and society’s political paradigms.
Amazon Journeys and Poetic Re-Discoveries in Jan Conn’s 'Jaguar Rain' and Malu de Martino’s 'Margaret Mee e a Flor da Lua'
Authors: Sperling Beck Magali , Corseuil Anelise R.
Published: October 2024

The year 2023 marks the thirty-fifth anniversary of botanical artist Margaret Mee’s final expedition to the Amazon. On this trip, she was at last able to paint the rare night-flowering of Selenicereus wittii, commonly known as the Amazon moonflower. Such an accomplishment was not only significant due to the rare nature of the event, but also because it was the final piece created by an artist who renewed the practice of botanical painting. Originally from Britain, Mee lived in Brazil for more than thirty years, embarking on fifteen expeditions to the Amazon region between 1956 and 1988, painting while travelling in dugout canoes deep in the forest and becoming a fervent activist for the protection of the environment. Her work has influenced many artists, e cologists, and biologists, and has served as inspiration for literary and filmic creations. In 2006, Canadian poet Jan Conn published Jaguar Rain: The Margaret Mee Poems, in which she poetically recreates Mee’s journeys to the Amazon. As both a scientist and a poet who has also extensively travelled in the region, Conn reimagines Mee’s wondrous encounters while situating them as part of a tradition of travel and exploration in South America. A few years later, in 2012, the documentary Margaret Mee e a Flor da Lua, directed by Brazilian filmmaker Malu de Martino, was premiered. In the film, Martino reconstructs Mee’s final journey to the Amazon in search of the moonflower while also reinstating the artist’s important contributions as an artist, environmentalist, and contemporary explorer. The connections between the biographical, poetic, artistic, and professional Mee are closely woven throughout the documentary, which can be seen as inserted in a new documentary tradition, less analytical and more poetic, in which notions of truth, history, and reality are problematised and rendered through different lenses. Bearing in mind that both Conn and Martino re-read Mee’s journeys through the tropes of exploration and discovery, which are commonly associated with imperial practices and colonial narratives of the New World, in this paper, we propose to discuss in which ways these tropes are brought into context and problematised, especially in relation to the depiction of Amazonian nature.
“If Jesus lived today, he would smell like smoke”: Contemporary Visions of Jesus Christ in Philip Pullman’s Novel and Tumblr Blogs
Authors: Petković Danijela
Published: October 2024

Influenced by critical race theory and drawing on historical Jesus scholarship, the paper discusses the portrayals of Jesus Christ in Philip Pullman’s novel The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ (2010), and the poems written by young, mainly anonymous, poets found online on the social media platform Tumblr. The interpretation of Pullman’s novel and the selected poems is placed within the context of past and current struggles over the historicity, human/divine status, and politics of Jesus Christ.
Shaping processes and tools
Authors: Fedorenko Mihail , Bondarenko Yuliya , Sanina Tamara , Duyun Tat'yana , Duganov Vladimir
Published: October 2024

The issues of hot processing of materials are considered: foundry, metal forming, welding; forming tools; material processing by cutting, as well as plastic deformation methods and using electrophysical and electrochemical processing methods.
Sections and topics accompany a large number of calculations that can be used both in practical classes and when performing independent work.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
The textbook is intended for students studying the discipline "Processes of shaping and instrumentation". It can be used by students of various specialties of full-time and part-time education in the disciplines of "Shaping processes and operations", "Cutting tools".
Features of the stock markets of economically developed countries
Authors: Pischulov Viktor
Published: October 2024

The textbook is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the stock markets of foreign countries. Due to the limited volume, it examines the stock markets of only economically developed countries, as well as one example of a supranational stock market.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of all forms of education, the field of study 38.03.01 "Economics" (profiles "Finance and credit", "Banking", "Financial markets and exchange technologies"). It may be useful for practitioners whose activities to some extent require knowledge of the basic features of the functioning of stock markets in various countries.
Fundamentals of ethics
Authors: Gubin Valeriy , Nekrasova Elena
Published: October 2024

The textbook provides a detailed presentation of the main problems of morality, analyzes the ethical views of prominent moral theorists from antiquity to the present day, tells about such categories of morality as good and evil, conscience, happiness, creativity, the meaning of life; analyzes topical issues of applied ethics: environmental ethics, ethics of science and technology, professional ethics, in particular business ethics.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation.
For students of secondary vocational and higher educational institutions, for all those interested in the problems of ethics and moral education.
Psychological assistance in a crisis situation
Authors: Andronnikova Ol'ga
Published: October 2024

The textbook examines the theory and practice of psychological support of a person in a crisis situation. For a more complete assimilation of the material, methodological guidelines, the main theoretical ideas of the lecture course "Psychological assistance in a crisis situation", tasks for independent work and self-control, exercises for practicing skills are presented.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the fields of Psychology, Pedagogy and Psychology of deviant behavior, as well as undergraduates, graduate students, teachers and practitioners who provide psychological support to a person in a crisis situation.
Las transgresiones a la traza tipo damero y a la percepción del paisaje en Lima colonial.
Authors: Rivasplata Varillas Paula Ermila
Published: October 2024

Lima colonial siguió una distribución espacial tipo damero de espacios públicos y privados. Sin embargo, a medida que creció la ciudad, la transgresión a la cuadricula fue la norma por parte de los vecinos, sobre todo en la periferia de la ciudad, por lo que las autoridades, a través de las denuncias de los perjudicados, corregían, obligando a los infractores a deshacer lo hecho. Paralelamente, espacios con significados reconocidos y asumidos por la población limeña colonial surgieron, que las autoridades mantuvieron para gloria y disfrute de todos. El objetivo es debelar a través de algunos ejemplos el mantenimiento o no de la traza de la ciudad y la perspectiva de paisajes identitarios asumidos por los limeños y sus autoridades.
El retablo y el trono del camarín del Santuario de Nuestra Señora de Palomares de Trebujena (1759-1772): proceso constructivo y autores.
Authors: Moreno Arana José Manuel , Serrano Pinteño Javier
Published: October 2024

Se documenta el proceso constructivo del retablo del altar mayor del Santuario de Nuestra Señora de Palomares de Trebujena (Cádiz). La obra es iniciada por Agustín de Medina y Flores en 1759. Tras la muerte de éste al año siguiente, intervienen sucesivamente los maestros Alejandro Román y Juan de Olarte, así como el escultor Diego Roldán. En 1772 el retablo es concluido por Andrés Marín, autor también del trono que preside el camarín
Una obra de las hermanas Antúnez para la Virgen del Rosario de San Gil.
Authors: García Rodríguez José Manuel
Published: October 2024

En la presente investigación se aborda con profundidad el estudio documental de un trabajo de las hermanas Antúnez para la sevillana Hermandad de la Macarena, concretamente el conjunto procesional de la Virgen del Rosario estrenado en 1882. Gracias a este estudio, a partir de las noticias encontradas en el archivo de la cofradía, se propone la identificación de las piezas además de trazar su historia material. También, con el objetivo de contextualizar todo esto se aborda el estudio biográfico y curricular de las hermanas Antúnez, recopilando los datos conocidos a los que se le han añadido otros novedosos.
Los Prisenti de Gibellina y The Encounter de Adrian Paci. Fiestas religiosas y artes contemporáneas en el espacio público en Sicilia, una línea de investigación internacional.
Authors: Costanzo Cristina
Published: October 2024

La contribución investiga la relación entre las artes contemporáneas y las fiestas religiosas en Sicilia. De particular interés los Prisenti de Gibellina cuya tradición, que cayó en desuso tras el terremoto de Belice en 1968, fue recuperada por artistas capaces de conciliar las exigencias de las vanguardias con la vocación de recuperar la memoria. Las tradiciones como fundamento de la identidad sugiere un paralelo con El encuentro, una reinterpretación del rito de la Madonna vasa vasa de Módica llevada a cabo por Adrian Paci. Surge así una línea de investigación internacional que utiliza múltiples códigos lingüísticos transversales unidos por la atención al espacio público como catalizador de las relaciones comunitarias y oportunidad de reflexión sin precedentes sobre el rito colectivo.
Aportaciones a la obra de fray Juan de Santa María, arquitecto de retablos.
Authors: Martín Roldán Ángel
Published: October 2024

Fray Juan de Santa María es un arquitecto religioso que trabajó en los conventos andaluces de la Orden de la Merced Descalza durante la primera mitad del siglo XVII. Su obra no sólo se limita a la edificación de iglesias conventuales –algunas de las cuales fueron adscritas acertadamente a Alonso de Vandelvira tras la revisión de las fuentes–, sino también a una faceta desconocida hasta el momento como es su implicación en la llamada arquitectura retablística, a través de la traza y ejecución del retablo mayor del cenobio de la Merced de Rota, aspecto que contribuye a revalorizar la labor de este singular artista.
Retrato de niño: una nueva obra de Julio Romero de Torres.
Authors: Aguilar Díaz Jesús
Published: October 2024

En el presente trabajo damos a conocer una nueva pintura del genial pintor cordobés Julio Romero de Torres. La obra en cuestión se encuadra en los primeros años del siglo XX y se relaciona con la ejecución de unos murales para la Iglesia de la localidad de Porcuna.
Adaptación de la iconografía a nuevas realidades. El caso de la sillería de coro de la iglesia de Santo Tomás de Nueva York.
Authors: Martín Pradas Antonio
Published: October 2024

Con este artículo, queremos poner de manifiesto la importancia que ha tenido la iconografía religiosa y profana en la decoración de bienes muebles a lo largo de la historia. Para conseguir nuestros objetivos nos vamos a centrar en la sillería de coro, neogótica, de la Iglesia de Santo Tomás de Nueva York, situada en la 5ª Avenida. En ella, la iconografía religiosa y profana se entremezclan adaptándose, en un mobiliario religioso a las nuevas realidades, descubrimientos y acontecimientos de finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX. Este estudio nos permite exponer algunos falsos históricos, no solo en la misma ciudad, sino también ejemplos puntuales en la península y Francia.
Research progress on community health management model for older adults with chronic diseases and multiple morbidities
Authors: Zhang Meiyue , Zhao Mu , Wei Xiaoqing
Published: October 2024

With the rapid ageing of the population, the number of older adults with two or more chronic diseases is increasing. There are individual differences in health assessment, diagnosis, treatment, health management, and medication safety for older adults with chronic conditions and multiple morbidities. Managing these conditions poses increasingly complex challenges for the healthcare system. Developing effective community health management models specifically designed for older adults with multiple chronic diseases is crucial for improving their overall health. This study provides a comprehensive review of the progress in research on community health management models for older adults with multiple chronic diseases, aiming to offer valuable insights for health management in this population.
Advances in systemic treatment for recurrent metastatic cervical cancer
Authors: Kang Guohui , Du Weimin , Zeng Shu , Wu Xiaomei
Published: October 2024

Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, particularly in underdeveloped nations. Despite advances in standard therapies, patients with recurrent metastatic cervical cancer face a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of emerging therapeutic approaches in managing this challenging condition, including immunotherapy, targeted medicines, and chemotherapy.

Our review of recent literature and clinical trials highlights the significant progress made in the systematic treatment of metastatic cervical cancer. While each treatment modality has its strengths and limitations, the collective data suggest a trend towards improved patient outcomes with the adoption of these novel therapies. However, the heterogeneity of patient responses underscores the need for personalised treatment strategies. In conclusion, improvements in medical technology and the adoption of tailored treatment approaches have led to promising advancements in the management of recurrent metastatic cervical cancer. To further enhance patient care, there is an urgent need for more extensive clinical trial data and the development of more efficient personalised treatment plans. This study aims to contribute to this effort by comprehensively analysing current therapeutic strategies and identifying areas for future research.
Identifying Sensors Data Integrity Threats of Smart Agriculture: A Collaborative Filtering Approach
Authors: Bissadu Kossi Dodzi , Hossain Gahangir , Velagala Leela Pavani
Published: October 2024

Highlights

Data integrity threat is one of the challenges faced by smart agriculture, where humans make complex decisions based on the results and recommendations of automated farm/livestock monitoring systems.

Smart or digital farming heavily relies on data, which can face various integrity threats including data modification, data destruction, etc.

The use of collaborative filtering as a lightweight method to detect abnormal data has proven effective from our experimental study. It can detect suspicious data with high accuracy and precision enhancing digital agricultural security.

Abstract. Smart agriculture leverages human intelligence and artificial intelligence in digital farming, which heavily relies on data collection, analysis, and decision support delivery. Farmers need reliable data and a decision support system to make accurate decisions and take appropriate actions. The Internet of Things (IoT) not only creates the backbone for farm data collection for intelligent farming but also brings some security concerns to the agriculture field. Though many studies exist on security in agriculture, particularly device identification and tracking, cryptography, blockchain, and other security approaches, the concerns about agricultural data integrity have not been fully explored in the current literature. Data integrity threats could cause huge losses to farmers, threatening food security, especially in developing countries. Given the early stage of development in the domain and the rapid adoption of IoT, ensuring the trustworthiness of data from various devices poses a significant challenge. This challenge is exacerbated in wireless sensor network scenarios, particularly in harsh environments where potential avenues for physical attacks exist. This article evaluates a data integrity threat detection technique in an IoT wireless network. It proposes an approach to identify potential data integrity failures or threats. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated through an empirical use-case study focusing on agriculture applications. Through experimental and trace-based simulations, we illustrate that threats can potentially be identified with a 91% accuracy rate and approximately 98% precision and recall. The proposed solution could be deployed in distributed and centralized digital agricultural systems to identify and predict real-time data integrity issues or threats. Keywords: Collaborative filtering, Data integrity threats, Local outlier factor, Smart agriculture.
Comparison of Infrared Thermometry and Soil Water Derived Stress Indices and Crop ET in Cotton
Authors: Schwartz Robert C. , Colaizzi Paul D. , Domínguez Alfonso , Baumhardt R. Louis , Ulloa Mauricio
Published: October 2024

Highlights

A crop water stress index (CWSI) was calculated using a theoretical approach.

Averaged daily rather than one to two hour daily maximum CWSI correlated better with soil-based crop water stress.

Crop ET scaled with the CWSI accurately predicted ET for a dissimilar canopy and irrigation level.

Sub-hourly canopy resistance and transpiration were inferred from canopy temperature measurements.

Abstract. Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is increasingly being managed under subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) in the semiarid Texas High Plains (THP). Scheduling irrigation using a thermally based crop water stress index (CWSI) has the potential to overcome limitations of soil water-based methods and facilitate efficient use of water. The objectives of this study were to develop a CWSI calculation procedure using stability correction, determine an appropriate window for averaging CWSI during daytime hours, compare CWSI with soil water-based indicators of crop water stress, and evaluate methods for estimating crop evapotranspiration (ET) using measured canopy temperatures. Infrared thermometer measurements of canopy temperature and corresponding cotton water use derived from soil water measurements were acquired under two irrigation levels (100% and 33%) under SDI during three growing seasons. A theoretical approach was used to calculate the CWSI using the Businger-Dyer stability correction. Basing daily CWSI on short 1- or 2-h periods in the afternoon overestimated crop water stress. In contrast, CWSI averaged during daytime periods with 0.25-h solar radiation and air temperature exceeding 0.3 MJ m-2 and 24°C, respectively, was strongly correlated (R2=0.76) with the soil water depletion-based stress coefficient Ks with a plausible lower canopy resistance of 25 s m-1. The CWSI was weakly correlated (R2=0.48) to the fraction of plant available water, with the CWSI exhibiting the greater increase of these two indices in response to irrigation events. Using the proposed CWSI scaling at different locations for canopies with dissimilar cover fractions yielded satisfactory estimates of crop ET (RMSE=0.74 mm d-1) compared with soil water balance-calculated ET (ETswb). When summed over weekly intervals, energy balance predictions of 0.25-h crop transpiration inferred from canopy temperature measurements had an acceptable agreement with ETswb (RMSE=0.92 mm d-1). Employing the CWSI to trigger irrigation will require targeted field studies to evaluate thresholds and strategies to optimize water management. Keywords: Canopy temperature, Crop water stress index, Evapotranspiration, Subsurface drip irrigation, Upland Cotton.
“ Pilgrims of Hope ”—Guides for Catechesis
Authors: Tebartz-Van Elst Franz-Peter
Published: October 2024

Abstract: “Pilgrims of Hope” is the Church’s theme for the Jubilee year in 2025. The colorful logo for the celebration represents its three core dimensions: gathering in variety and unity, anchored in the cross, and moving forward in a world of regression. This essay explores the theme’s core ideas and how Christians can become aware of and be grateful for the message proclaimed in the gospel.
Key Theological Themes in the Vatican II’s Dogmatic Constitution Dei Verbum [ On Divine Revelation ] Transcription of a Conversation with Monsignor Paul McPartlan, Echoing Faith Today , a Podcast, December 23, 2022,
Authors: Sullivan Jem
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Monsignor Paul McPartlan, Professor Emeritus of Systematic Theology and Ecumenism at the Catholic University of America in a conversation with Dr. Jem Sullivan explores how Dei Verbum , the dogmatic constitution of Vatican II on divine revelation relates to the three other constitutions issued by the Council and how that document with its focus on who God has revealed is foundational to those other texts. God has revealed the Son, an intensely personal communication of the word that is incarnate and living. The one source of revelation is the person of Jesus. Before there is either Scripture or Tradition, there is the person of Jesus. Scripture exists within a living tradition. McPartlan illustrates the shift in thinking that was underway as the text on revelation was being drafted and the eventual implications it would have for ecumenism by recounting the tumultuous story of this document’s evolution.
Segmented protection scheme based on maximum bandwidth sharing in F5G
Authors: Liu Wenhong , Zhao Yongli , Li Yajie , Li Xin , Rahman Sabidur , Zhang Jie
Published: October 2024

As guaranteed reliable experience (GRE) is one of the features of fifth-generation fixed networks (F5G), high-reliability optical transport networks (OTNs) have become one of the key technologies supporting this feature. Unfortunately, current OTN protection methods often provide fixed bandwidth for protection of 1 Gbps or more, which leads to resource wastage. Fine grain OTN (fgOTN) is an extension of existing OTN, which supports hitless bandwidth adjustment and uses 10 Mbps time slot isolation. The application of fgOTN’s advantages to network protection can save resources. However, how much initial protection bandwidth is reserved for links to improve the service recovery success probability after faults is a key issue to be studied. If the initially reserved protection bandwidth is too much, that may waste precious bandwidth resources and fail to recover other services. If the initially reserved protection bandwidth is too small, the controller needs to adjust the bandwidth frequently to meet service requirements, which puts tremendous pressure on network management and control. This study proposes a maximum bandwidth segmented shared protection (MBSSP) scheme, which is based on optimized centralized and distributed collaboration network management architecture. The protection scheme includes two algorithms: (i) the resource reservation algorithm used before the fault occurs based on maximum bandwidth segmented shared protection and (ii) the protection switch algorithm used after the fault occurs based on bandwidth adjustment. Simulative results show that, in a 38-node topology, compared with minimum bandwidth dedicated protection (MBDP), MBSSP only sacrifices 0.8% of resource utilization but can reduce the bandwidth adjustment probability by 15.8% and improves the recovery success probability by 33.4%. Compared with end-to-end shared protection (E2ESP), MBSSP improves recovery success probability by 42.9% and saves resources by 16.7%, although it increases the bandwidth adjustment probability by 20%.
Multi-plane light conversion (MPLC) LP mode multiplexer based on grayscale maskless lithography
Authors: Chen Xueli , Yan Xiaoyu , Fang Juncheng , Lei Ting , Pang Fufei
Published: October 2024

Multi-plane light conversion (MPLC) is a technique that uses multiple phase plates to modulate a light beam step-by-step. This technique has attracted widespread attention in the field of mode-division multiplexing (MDM) communications due to its high flexibility. MPLC device requires precisely controlled fabrication accuracy in experiments, but conventional multi-etching processes will accumulate alignment errors. Here, the fabrication of the MPLC device using maskless grayscale lithography was proposed, which requires only a single-exposure process. Through single-exposure lithography, the continuous phase of the digital mask ranging from 0 to 2π on MPLC is discretized into 128 steps. The digital masks of the MPLC with more steps of phase can reduce the insertion loss and mode crosstalk of LP modes. By using the fabricated MPLC, we experimentally demonstrate the MDM of LP01, LP11a, LP11b, and LP21 modes with mode crosstalk less than -22 dB, and the insertion loss less than 4 dB. In high-speed optical communications, each LP mode carries a 10 Gbit/s on-off keying (OOK) signals, and the experimentally measured bit error rates (BER) curves power penalty is less than -7 dB. The experiment demonstrated that maskless grayscale lithography can efficiently and accurately fabricate MPLC mode multiplexers.
Randomized metalens array homogenizer for enhanced laser beam shaping
Authors: Ding Jigen , Zhu Shaopeng , Xiao Yike , Zhou Zhenyu , Siraj Muhammad , Shi Yuzhi , Yu Yefeng
Published: October 2024

We present a beam homogenizer utilizing on a random metalens array (RMA) for enhanced beam shaping. The RMA, comprising 28 × 28 individual metalenses with random sizes, is designed using an improved Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm. As a laser beam traverses the RMA, it is divided into 28 × 28 beams, each exhibiting a unique speckle pattern. These beams overlap in the far field, significantly enhancing beam uniformity. The RMA demonstrates adaptability to various incident light modes and misalignment variations. The numerical simulations indicate over 90% uniformity in the shaped beams, while in experimental results show a reshaped line beam achieving 95.9% uniformity. This beam homogenizer has potential applications in minimizing the size of LiDAR systems or laser engraving systems, offering broader utility across these fields.
Deep learning-based temporal deconvolution for photon time-of-flight distribution retrieval
Authors: Pandey Vikas , Erbas Ismail , Michalet Xavier , Ulku Arin , Bruschini Claudio , Charbon Edoardo , Barroso Margarida , Intes Xavier
Published: October 2024

The acquisition of the time of flight (ToF) of photons has found numerous applications in the biomedical field. Over the last decades, a few strategies have been proposed to deconvolve the temporal instrument response function (IRF) that distorts the experimental time-resolved data. However, these methods require burdensome computational strategies and regularization terms to mitigate noise contributions. Herein, we propose a deep learning model specifically to perform the deconvolution task in fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLI). The model is trained and validated with representative simulated FLI data with the goal of retrieving the true photon ToF distribution. Its performance and robustness are validated with well-controlled in vitro experiments using three time-resolved imaging modalities with markedly different temporal IRFs. The model aptitude is further established with in vivo preclinical investigation. Overall, these in vitro and in vivo validations demonstrate the flexibility and accuracy of deep learning model-based deconvolution in time-resolved FLI and diffuse optical imaging.
Laser diode self-injection locking to an integrated high-Q Fabry–Perot microresonator
Authors: Ulanov Alexander E. , Wildi Thibault , Bhatnagar Utkarsh , Herr Tobias
Published: October 2024

Self-injection locking (SIL) of laser diodes to microresonators is a
powerful technique that enables compact narrow-linewidth lasers. Here,
we extend this technique to chip-integrated Fabry–Perot (FP)
microresonators, which offer high-quality factors and large mode
volumes in a compact footprint, reducing fundamental thermorefractive
noise (TRN). The resonators consist of a silicon nitride waveguide
terminated by two photonic crystal reflectors fabricated via scalable
ultraviolet lithography. Evanescent side-coupling allows precise
tuning of the SIL feedback mechanism. We present a theoretical model
and experimentally demonstrate SIL, resulting in a fundamental
thermorefractive-noise-limited laser. The experiments and the
theoretical model are in excellent agreement. These results complement
current SIL techniques and are relevant to chip-scale low-noise laser
systems.
Advantages of pulse-train excitation in narrow-band terahertz generation: mitigation of undesired nonlinear effects
Authors: Demirbas Umit , Rentschler Christian , Zhang Zhelin , Pergament Mikhail , Matlis Nicholas H. , Kärtner Franz X.
Published: October 2024

In this work, we have studied the limitations of narrowband multi-cycle (MC) terahertz (THz) generation via optical rectification (OR) in periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) crystals. Detailed investigation of the transmitted beam profile, THz conversion efficiency (CE), and parasitic second-harmonic generation (SHG) strength as a function of incident pump beam size showed that Kerr-lensing is a significant bottleneck in the efficiency scaling of MC THz generation. We have also demonstrated that compared to the usage of a single pump pulse, excitation of the PPLN crystal via a pulse train, not only boosts up THz CE and narrows down the bandwidth of the achieved THz beam but also helps to mitigate the effect of undesired nonlinearities, such as Kerr-lensing and parasitic SHG.
Roles and interplay of reinforcement-based and error-based processes during reaching and gait in neurotypical adults and individuals with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Roth Adam M. , Buggeln John H. , Hoh Joanna E. , Wood Jonathan M. , Sullivan Seth R. , Ngo Truc T. , Calalo Jan A. , Lokesh Rakshith , Morton Susanne M. , Grill Stephen , Jeka John J. , Carter Michael J. , Cashaback Joshua G. A.
Published: October 2024

From a game of darts to neurorehabilitation, the ability to explore and fine tune our movements is critical for success. Past work has shown that exploratory motor behaviour in response to reinforcement (reward) feedback is closely linked with the basal ganglia, while movement corrections in response to error feedback is commonly attributed to the cerebellum. While our past work has shown these processes are dissociable during adaptation, it is unknown how they uniquely impact exploratory behaviour. Moreover, converging neuroanatomical evidence shows direct and indirect connections between the basal ganglia and cerebellum, suggesting that there is an interaction between reinforcement-based and error-based neural processes. Here we examine the unique roles and interaction between reinforcement-based and error-based processes on sensorimotor exploration in a neurotypical population. We also recruited individuals with Parkinson’s disease to gain mechanistic insight into the role of the basal ganglia and associated reinforcement pathways in sensorimotor exploration. Across three reaching experiments, participants were given either reinforcement feedback, error feedback, or simultaneously both reinforcement & error feedback during a sensorimotor task that encouraged exploration. Our reaching results, a re-analysis of a previous gait experiment, and our model suggests that in isolation, reinforcement-based and error-based processes respectively boost and suppress exploration. When acting in concert, we found that reinforcement-based and error-based processes interact by mutually opposing one another. Finally, we found that those with Parkinson’s disease had decreased exploration when receiving reinforcement feedback, supporting the notion that compromised reinforcement-based processes reduces the ability to explore new motor actions. Understanding the unique and interacting roles of reinforcement-based and error-based processes may help to inform neurorehabilitation paradigms where it is important to discover new and successful motor actions.
Use of large language models as a scalable approach to understanding public health discourse
Authors: Espinosa Laura , Salathé Marcel
Published: October 2024

Online public health discourse is becoming more and more important in shaping public health dynamics. Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a scalable solution for analysing the vast amounts of unstructured text found on online platforms. Here, we explore the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs), including GPT models and open-source alternatives, for extracting public stances towards vaccination from social media posts. Using an expert-annotated dataset of social media posts related to vaccination, we applied various LLMs and a rule-based sentiment analysis tool to classify the stance towards vaccination. We assessed the accuracy of these methods through comparisons with expert annotations and annotations obtained through crowdsourcing. Our results demonstrate that few-shot prompting of best-in-class LLMs are the best performing methods, and that all alternatives have significant risks of substantial misclassification. The study highlights the potential of LLMs as a scalable tool for public health professionals to quickly gauge public opinion on health policies and interventions, offering an efficient alternative to traditional data analysis methods. With the continuous advancement in LLM development, the integration of these models into public health surveillance systems could substantially improve our ability to monitor and respond to changing public health attitudes.
Systematic review of the economic impact of novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific antigen-based skin tests for detection of TB infection compared with tuberculin skin test and interferon-gamma release assays
Authors: Goscé Lara , Allel Kasim , Hamada Yohhei , Surkova Elena , Kontsevaya Irina , Wang Ting Ting , Liu Wan-Hsin , Matveev Alexander , Ziganshina Liliya Eugenevna , Korobitsyn Alexei , Ismail Nazir , Bashir Saima , Denkinger Claudia M. , Abubakar Ibrahim , White Peter J. , Rangaka Molebogeng X.
Published: October 2024

The Purified Protein Derivative tuberculin skin tests (TST) and blood-based Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) specific interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) are the currently used tests for identifying individuals with TB infection for preventive treatment. However, challenges around access and implementation have limited their use. Novel M.tb specific skin tests (TBST) such as Diaskintest, ESAT6-CFP10 (C-TST), C-Tb (also known as Cy-Tb), and DPPD may provide accurate and scalable options but evidence synthesis on their economic impact is lacking. We conducted two separate systematic reviews to compare the costs and cost-effectiveness of (1) the novel skin tests TBST (primary), and (2) TST and IGRA tests (secondary), to support WHO guideline development. We searched for articles presenting economic evaluations of the diagnostic tests using a health provider perspective and related to TB infection in humans. We considered papers written in English, Chinese or Russian. In the primary review, eight studies for novel TBST were found. One study in Brazil assessed cost-effectiveness of C-TST and Diaskintest and seven in Russia assessed the Diaskintest, while none evaluated C-Tb or DPPD. The review showed on average, Diaskintest kit costs (in 2021 USD) $1.60 (1.50 – 1.70), while full unit costs were estimated at $5.07. C-TST unit cost was $9.96. The second review found 32 articles on IGRA and/or the TST. These presented an average TST full unit cost of $37.88, and $87.81 for IGRA. Studies’ quality for TBST was limited while high-quality studies were found for TST and IGRA tests. In conclusion, there is limited evidence regarding the costs and cost-effectiveness of novel TBST. Conversely, there is substantial evidence for TST and IGRA tests, but most studies were performed in high-income and low-TB burden settings and their cost-effectiveness varied between and within risk groups without clear economic consensus.
Impact of different blood pressure targets on cerebral hemodynamics in septic shock: A prospective pilot study protocol—SEPSIS-BRAIN
Authors: Cury Pedro , Passos Rogério da Hora , Alves Fernanda , Brasil Sérgio , Frigieri Gustavo , Taccone Fabio S. , Panerai Ronney B. , Caldas Juliana
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Septic shock, a life-threatening condition, can result in cerebral dysfunction and heightened mortality rates. In these patients, disturbances in cerebral hemodynamics, as reflected by impairment of myogenic cerebral autoregulation (CA), metabolic regulation, expressed by critical closing pressure (CrCP) and reductions in intracranial compliance (ICC), can adversely impact septic shock outcomes. The general recommendation is to maintain a target mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 65 mmHg but the effect of different MAP targets on cerebral hemodynamics in these patients is not clear and optimal targets might be dependent on the status of CA. This protocol aims to assess the cerebral hemodynamics profile at different pressure targets in septic shock patients.

Methods

Prospective, non-randomized, single-center trial, which will study cerebral hemodynamics in patients with septic shock within 48 hours of its onset. Patients will be studied at their baseline MAP and at three MAP targets (T1: 65, T2: 75, T3: 85 mmHg). Cerebral hemodynamics will be assessed by transcranial Doppler (TCD) and a skull micro-deformation sensor (B4C). Dynamic CA will be expressed by the autoregulation index (ARI), calculated by transfer function analysis, using fluctuations of MAP as input and corresponding oscillations in cerebral blood velocity (CBv). The instantaneous relationship between arterial blood pressure and CBv will be used to estimate CrCP and resistance-area product (RAP) for each cardiac cycle using the first harmonic method. The B4C will access ICC by intracranial pressure waveforms (P2/P1). The primary aim is to assess cerebral hemodynamics (ARI, CrCP, RAP, and P2/P1) at different targets of MAP in septic shock patients. Our secondary objective is to assess cerebral hemodynamics at 65mmHg (target recommended by guidelines). In addition, we will assess the correlation between markers of organ dysfunction (such as lactate levels, vasoactive drugs usage, SOFA score, and delirium) and CA.

Ethics and dissemination

The results of this study may help to understand the effect of the recommended MAP and variations in blood pressure in patients with septic shock and impaired CA and ICC. Furthermore, the results can assist large trials in establishing new hypotheses about neurological management in this group of patients. Approval was obtained from the local Ethics Committee (28134720.1.0000.0048). It is anticipated that the results of this study will be presented at national and international conferences and will be published in peer-reviewed journals in 2024 and 2025.

Trial registration

Trial registration number: NCT05833607. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05833607.
“Timely help” or “one disaster after another”: The impact of potential and transition interim CEO succession on corporate performance
Authors: Zhao Conghui , Guan Xin , Wu Xinyue
Published: October 2024

The succession mode of interim CEO is highly uncertain. The smooth transition function of interim CEO is particularly important in the process of enterprise reform. We divide interim CEOs into potential successors and transition successors. Then we empirically analyze the heterogeneous impact and mechanism of interim CEOs on firm performance. The results show that compared with transition CEO, potential CEO has less negative impact on corporate performance. Interim CEO has a negative impact on enterprise performance by reducing agency efficiency. The mechanism analysis of this paper are as follows. For the potential CEO, strong incentive constraints can effectively mitigate the negative impact of the succession on corporate performance. For a transitional CEO, superior personal capabilities coupled with an effective oversight mechanism represent more optimal solutions. In today’s corporate landscape, the frequencies of executive changes and interim successions are on the rise annually. Our research is tailored to aid enterprises in navigating these transitions seamlessly and in expediting their recovery processes.
Thriving futures
Authors: Wise Kit
Published: October 2024

This Special Issue of the journal Art, Design & Communication in Higher Education (ADCHE) revisits the purpose and potential of art and design from an Australian perspective. It draws on the November 2023 Australian Council of University Art & Design Schools (ACUADS) 43rd conference, co-convened by Thao Nguyen, School of Art, RMIT University and myself. This national forum sought to consider the following: (1) how can creative education and research embrace our unique Australian perspective and integrate First Nations knowledge to cultivate a ‘thriving future’? (2) What is the potential of creative research and pedagogy in responding to the climate crisis and other urgent societal concerns? (3) How has the global pandemic disrupted and catalysed innovation in creative art education, including the rapid uptake of digital media by traditionally haptic disciplines? What are the key technological agendas for art and design schools? Drawing on our unique perspective, with particular acknowledgement of First Nations knowledge and ways of being, our colonial history and Asia–Pacific context, this edition considers how creative education and research can contribute not only to economies but also to the array of pressing social, environmental and cultural issues necessary to enable thriving futures.
Editorial
Authors: Guinibert Matthew , Nairn Angelique
Published: October 2024

This editorial explores the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on creative industries, highlighting both the remarkable opportunities and significant challenges it presents. Drawing on the call to action from Tegmark’s Life 3.0, this Special Issue emphasizes the importance of proactive engagement in shaping the future of AI. The articles in this Special Issue reveal a landscape marked by ambivalence, balancing optimism for AI’s potential to enhance creativity and efficiency with apprehension about job displacement, ethical concerns and the preservation of artistic integrity. Through research and thoughtful analyses, contributors examine AI’s role in automating labour-intensive tasks, generating innovative content and reshaping client–agency dynamics. This Special Issue aims to stimulate further discussion and research around AI, guiding creative industries towards a future where technology and human artistry coexist harmoniously.
Catering to clients: How artificial intelligence can influence the advertising agency–client dynamic
Authors: Nairn Angelique , Matthews Justin , Fastnedge Daniel
Published: October 2024

Much has been made of the role artificial intelligence (AI) can have in the creative processes of advertising agencies. Not only can it be used to automate tasks and assess the success of advertising on audiences, but it can also alter the relationship between creatives and the work they produce, with computational creativity opening new opportunities to engage in creative and innovative practice. In fact, recent research has emphasized that creative people believe AI technologies will revolutionize the development, execution and dissemination of advertising. Yet, the potential of AI is not without its detractors because of the threat of job losses and ethical conundrums, leading advertising creatives to feel cautious and concerned about the place of this new technology in the industry. Of particular concern is how AI will influence the relationships between clients and agencies. Using data gained from five focus groups held in Aotearoa, New Zealand, with advertising creatives, this research article illuminates the perspectives of current practitioners on the role and potential influence of AI on creative production processes. It finds that most of those attending the focus groups believed that the speed of AI in creating content would increase the pressure placed on agencies to meet the needs of clients, that clients may opt to engage in their own computational creativity costing agencies money and reputation and that aesthetic considerations of agencies and clients may come into conflict.