bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ciudades inteligentes, brecha digital y territorio. Evidencias a partir del caso del aglomerado Gran Buenos Aires
Authors: Di Virgilio María Mercedes , Serrati Pablo Santiago
Published: September 2022

La marca ciudad inteligente se instaló en la agenda global a fines de la década del 2000 con la puesta en marcha de la Smarter Planet Agenda. Desde entonces, la ciudad inteligente organiza las aspiraciones de muchos gobiernos locales en el mundo. A pesar de su creciente importancia, las condiciones para la transformación de las ciudades latinoamericanas en ciudades inteligentes siguen siendo una cuestión escasamente estudiada. A fin de aportar evidencia sobre la cuestión, el trabajo indaga algunos factores que afectan la implementación de la propuesta de ciudades inteligentes en el aglomerado urbano más importante de la Argentina. La investigación empí­rica coloca al aglomerado Gran Buenos Aires bajo la lupa de la ciudad inteligente evaluando cuantitativamente las posibilidades para esta propuesta. Entre ellos sobresalen el acceso a las tecnologías digitales e intensidades y modalidades de uso de dispositivos electrónicos teniendo en cuenta cuestiones como el sexo, la edad, el nivel de instrucción alcanzado y la distribución en el territorio. Con base en los resultados, se revisa la noción de ciudad inteligente, ofreciendo un balance entre las posibilidades y limitaciones de aplicación de este concepto en aglomerados como el de Gran Buenos Aires. Los resultados dan cuenta de la existencia de importantes des­igualdades en el acceso, intensidades y modalidades de uso de las tecnologías. Las brechas se profundizan en función de la edad y el nivel educativo de las personas, poniendo en evidencia la existencia de desigualdades tecnológicas que tienen un anclaje en una estructura social y territorial desiguales.
Network Effects and Multinetwork Sellers’ Dynamic Pricing in the U.S. Smartphone Market
Authors: Liu Yue , Luo Rong
Published: September 2022

Although the literature on network effects has focused on single-network firms, many industries feature multinetwork firms that play more complex dynamic pricing games. In this paper, we estimate the network effect at the smartphone operating system (OS) level and study multi-OS telecommunication carriers’ dynamic pricing strategies in an oligopolistic setting, using data on the U.S. smartphone industry. We find a positive OS network effect. Counterfactual analysis indicates that if the carriers were single-OS sellers, they would increase the phone prices of large OSs and lower the prices of small OSs, which reduces the consumer surplus by $6.99 billion. Further analyses show that the multi-OS carriers choose lower prices for large OSs than for small OSs because of their preference for OS concentration.

This paper was accepted by Eric Anderson, marketing.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72203217, 71803205, and 72192803] and the fund for building world-class universities (disciplines) of Renmin University of China.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4530 .
Overlapping Presentations of HELLP Syndrome and COVID-19: A Case Report
Authors: Tou Leila , Wang Andrew , Siddiqui Taha , Mamone Michael
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome is a leading cause of maternal mortality. The emergence of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to challenges in diagnosing HELLP syndrome due to overlapping clinical and laboratory presentations. We report a case of HELLP syndrome complicated by COVID-19 infection. Case Description: An otherwise healthy pregnant 31-year-old female presented with fever, myalgia, and headache. She was found to be COVID-positive with laboratory signs of HELLP syndrome. Symptoms and laboratory findings trended toward normal post-partum confirming the diagnosis of HELLP syndrome. Discussion: A prompt diagnosis of HELLP syndrome is essential to avoid maternal and fetal complications. Clinicians should be aware of the similarities in presentation between HELLP syndrome and COVID-19 for timely diagnosis and treatment.
Type 2 diabetes: an update for community nurses
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: September 2022

There are now over four million people living with diabetes in the UK, the majority having type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is rising in line with growing obesity levels. This article will explore prevalence of type 2 diabetes, its prevention and treatment. It also provides guidance on how nurses can work with people at risk of diabetes, to prevent it, induce remission and create awareness of medications used to treat it.
Diet and stoma care
Authors: Gasche Rebecca
Published: September 2022

This summative article has been written using literature based on the impact that diet can have on the management of stomas in the community. With more focus on ileostomy care, this article aims to provide information on the types of stomas and surgeries to create an overview of intestinal anatomy, how stoma formation may affect nutrient absorption and guidance on the management of stoma output, hydration and nutritional status based on current evidence. The strength of the evidence base behind the literature will be critically analysed and recommendations for future research made.
Immunity debt and unseasonal childhood respiratory viruses
Authors: Munro Alasdair PS , Jones Christine E
Published: September 2022

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a dramatic shift in the patterns of traditionally seasonal childhood respiratory viruses which may be the result of changes in population immunity.
Development of Colorimetric Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Technique for Rapid, Sensitive and Convenient Detection of Chrysanthemum Chlorotic Mottle Viroid (CChMVd) in Chrysanthemum
Authors:   Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Supakitthanakorn Salit , Vichittragoontavorn Karnjana ,   Plant Protection Center, Royal Project Foundation, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Kunasakdakul Kaewalin ,   Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Mukjang Nilita ,   Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Phuakjaiphaeo Chatsuda ,   Division of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand, Ruangwong On-Uma ,   Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: September 2022

Chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid (CChMVd) is a serious pathogen infecting chrysanthemum worldwide. To improve and enhance the detection procedure, the colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplifi cation (LAMP) technique was developed. Six LAMP primers were newly designed and tested the optimal conditions using a recombinant plasmid of CChMVd as a DNA template. The optimal conditions for colorimetric LAMP were incubation at 65°C for 60 min. At these conditions, the ladder-liked pattern LAMP products were detected along with the change of color from pink to yellow in the positive reactions. The sensitivity of colorimetric LAMP was up to 2.18 × 103 copies of recombinant plasmid concentration which was 104-fold greater than that of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The developed colorimetric LAMP was not cross reacted to other viruse s and viroid. Effi ciency of colorimetric reverse transcription (RT)-LAMP for detecting CChMVd in chrysanthemum plantlets obtained from meristem tip culture was evaluated to verify and ensure CChMVd-free plantlets production. The results showed that 18 chrysanthemum plantlets were free of CChMVd contamination. Therefore, the colorimetric RT-LAMP can be used to detect CChMVd routinely due to its accuracy, rapidness and sensitivity.
Application of an Economic USB Digital Microscope for Microvolume Colorimetric Determination of Iron in Supplements with a Guava Leaf Extract
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Chiang Mai 50300, Thailand, Kanna Miki , Luangton Suttida ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Chiang Mai 50300, Thailand, Somnam Sarawut ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Chiang Mai 50300, Thailand
Published: September 2022

The method for iron determination by using the microvolume of chemicals coupled with employing natural reagent was proposed towards green analytical chemistry. A simple, portable, and economic digital microscope was used to magnify the drop of 30 μL of product, that was mixed between sample and guava leaf extract reagent, to monitor the analytical signal as primitive color, red/ green/blue or RGB. The optimum conditions for the reagent extraction and the RGB detection were investigated. The calibration graph with linearity in the range of 40-120 mg L-1 Fe(III) was obtained with the detection limit at 10.8 mg L-1. High precision was achieved with %RSD less than 1.8%. The developed method was successfully applied to the assay of iron in supplement samples and found to be in good agreement with the results obtained by the FAAS method at the 95% confidence level.
Poling Effects of Piezoelectric Properties of Modified BCZT Ceramics with High Piezoelectric Performance
Authors:   Graduate PhD’s Degree Program in Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Boothrawong Narongdetch ,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Tawee Lalita ,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Graduate PhD’s Degree Program in Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Thammarong Suwanan ,   State Key Laboratory of Structure Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China, Jaita Pharatree ,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Offi ce of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Sweatman Denis Russell ,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Rujijanagul Gobwute ,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Research Center in Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Tunkasiri Tawee ,   Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand,   Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: September 2022

Due to the toxic of lead content ceramics, many free piezoelectric ceramics have received much attention. To obtain high piezoelectric properties for such free piezoelectric ceramics, poling conditions are often referred. In the present work, effects of the poling electric field on the many properties of Sm doped BCZT ceramic were investigated. The samples were fabricated using a solid-state reaction technique. The XRD analysis indicated that the sample contained a mixture of phases of rhombohedral, tetragonal, and orthorhombic phases with high purity, dense, and large average grain size. A transformation from the symmetric S-E loop for the unpoled sample to an asymmetry loop for the poled sample was observed, while a slight change in the P-E shape was noted. The poling electric field showed a small effect on ɛr and kp values. However, it had large effects on HS, d33, g33, and FoM values. The low HS (9.2%), but high d33 (562 pC/N), g33 (15.55×10−3 Vm/N) and FoM (20.65 pm2/N) values indicated that this ceramic system has potential for piezoelectric and energy harvesting applications.
Experiences of Korean Fathers of Children With Autism in the United States
Authors: Kang Veronica Y. , Kim Sunyoung , Thomas Michael K.
Published: September 2022

There is an increasing number of culturally diverse individuals, particularly Asians, identified with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the United States. Nevertheless, research on culturally diverse caregivers, especially fathers, of children with ASD is scarce. Thus, this phenomenological study explored the essence of shared experiences of Korean fathers of children with ASD in the United States. Five fathers who have a child with ASD participated in a semistructured interview with a Korean-English bilingual researcher. Follow-up interviews and field notes were used for triangulation as a part of data analysis. The fathers' narratives regarding family characteristics, interactions, and functioning are discussed in alignment with the family systems theory. The findings provide recommendations for future practice and research.
Faculty Perceptions Regarding the Inclusion of Students With Intellectual Disability in University Courses
Authors: Carey Gwendolyn C. , Downey Angelica R. , Kearney Kelly B.
Published: September 2022

Researchers established that inclusive postsecondary education programs are beneficial for students with and without disabilities. However, research regarding faculty perspectives of these programs and faculty-perceived benefits and challenges is limited. This qualitative study interviewed faculty members (n=8) at a university in the southeastern United States who included university students with an intellectual disability in their general courses. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of university faculty regarding the benefits and challenges of including students with intellectual disability in their courses, as well as gaining their recommendations for faculty members who may include students with ID in future courses. Key findings included higher levels of inclusivity, increased awareness of disability, increased engagement, and a focus on improving teaching skills. Challenges were identified in the areas of awareness, worrying about making mistakes, and practical concerns. Recommendations for future instructors included being prepared with strong pedagogy, having structured classroom management plans, and being provided the opportunity to meet students with ID prior to future inclusive courses.
Low noise distributed acoustic sensor for seismology applications
Authors: Gorshkov B. G. , Alekseev A. E. , Taranov M. A. , Simikin D. E. , Potapov V. T. , Ilinskiy D. A.
Published: September 2022

A distributed acoustic sensor (a phase optical time-domain reflectometer) configuration with a low noise level in the hertz and sub-hertz frequency ranges is proposed. The sensor scheme uses a Mach–Zehnder interferometer to generate a dual-pulse probe signal and implements the frequency stabilization of a laser source using the same interferometer as a frequency etalon. The scheme simultaneously provides a low noise level owing to the compensation of the optical path difference of interfering backscattered fields and low drift of the output signal. It has been shown experimentally that the stabilization of the laser frequency provides up to 35 dB signal/noise gain in the sub-hertz frequencies, which are of interest for seismology. The applicability of the proposed scheme is demonstrated experimentally by teleseismic earthquakes recorded by a fiber-optic cable deployed on the seabed of the Black Sea.
Interference based aberration-free chromatic stimulator for human myopia research
Authors: Breher Katharina , Gottschalk Diana , Domdei Niklas , Wahl Siegfried
Published: September 2022

Previous studies showed an impact of the light spectrum on ocular growth. It is unclear whether the eye reacts to the light chromaticity or to the defocus induced by the longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA). This study investigated the influence of narrow-band aberration-free light on axial length as an indicator for eye growth. Using a laser-interference exposure setup, 18 healthy eyes were stimulated with aberration-free short-wavelength light (450 ± 5 nm), mid-wavelength light (550 ± 5 nm) and long-wavelength light (650 ± 5 nm) for 20 min. Axial length was measured before and after the exposure in the test eye and control eye. No statistically significant axial length changes from baseline were observed after exposure to narrow-band aberration-free light (all p > 0.05). Axial length responses did not differ significantly between chromatic conditions or test and control eye (all p > 0.05). The study suggests that light chromaticity does not present a signal for ocular growth under the tested conditions without the additional information of LCA-induced defocus.
Whither warming in the Galápagos?
Authors: Karnauskas Kristopher B.
Published: September 2022

The Galápagos Islands play host to an iconic ecosystem—a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the second largest marine reserve in the world, home to several endangered species. The waters off the west coast of the Galápagos are also one of the few places in the world ocean that are presently cooling, with potentially significant ecological consequences of this local reprieve from global warming. Here I show, using a recently developed high-resolution ocean state estimate, that the observed cooling in the Galápagos is the result of a strengthening of the wind-driven equatorial ocean circulation. An acceleration and shift of the Equatorial Undercurrent, which can be attributed to a strengthening of the cross-equatorial component of the trade wind in response to the interhemispheric gradient in surface warming, leads to a 54% increase in upwelling velocity along the western Galápagos Islands as well as increased shear-induced mixing. Analogous to other so-called “cold blobs,” such as the one south of Greenland in the North Atlantic, this is an early and important sentinel of a broader change in the tropical ocean circulation. Thus far, and for perhaps the very near future, the western shores of the Galápagos appear to offer refuge from some of the deleterious impacts of anthropogenic climate change including suppressed upwelling and surface warming.
Stakeholder perspectives around post-TB wellbeing and care in Kenya and Malawi
Authors: Karanja Sarah , Malenga Tumaini , Mphande Jessie , Squire Stephen Bertel , Chakaya Muhwa Jeremiah , Tomeny Ewan M. , Rosu Laura , Mulupi Stephen , Wingfield Tom , Zulu Eliya , Meghji Jamilah
Published: September 2022

Background

There is growing awareness of the burden of post-TB morbidity, and its impact on the lives and livelihoods of TB affected households. However little work has been done to determine how post-TB care might be delivered in a feasible and sustainable way, within existing National TB Programmes (NTPs) and health systems, in low-resource, high TB-burden settings. In this programme of stakeholder engagement around post-TB care, we identified actors with influence and interest in TB care in Kenya and Malawi, including TB-survivors, healthcare providers, policy-makers, researchers and funders, and explored their perspectives on post-TB morbidity and care.

Methods

Stakeholder mapping was completed to identify actors with interest and influence in TB care services in each country, informed by the study team’s local, regional and international networks. Key international TB organisations were included to provide a global perspective. In person or online one-to-one interviews were completed with purposively selected stakeholders. Snowballing was used to expand the network. Data were recorded, transcribed and translated, and a coding frame was derived. Data were coded using NVivo 12 software and were analysed using thematic content analysis. Online workshops were held with stakeholders from Kenya and Malawi to explore areas of uncertainty and validate findings.

Results

The importance of holistic care for TB patients, which addresses both TB comorbidities and sequelae, was widely recognised by stakeholders. Key challenges to implementation include uncertainty around the burden of post-TB morbidity, leadership of post-TB services, funding constraints, staff and equipment limitations, and the need for improved integration between national TB and non-communicable disease (NCD) programmes for care provision and oversight. There is a need for local data on the burden and distribution of morbidity, evidence-informed clinical guidelines, and pilot data on models of care. Opportunities to learn from existing HIV-NCD services were emphasised.

Discussion

This work addresses important questions about the practical implementation of post-TB services in two African countries, exploring if, how, where, and for whom these services should be provided, according to a broad range of stakeholders. We have identified strong interest in the provision of holistic care for TB patients in Kenya and Malawi, and key evidence gaps which must be addressed to inform decision making by policy makers, TB programmes, and funders around investment in post-TB services. There is a need for pilot studies of models of integrated TB care, and for cross-learning between countries and from HIV-NCD services.
Does perceived scarcity of COVID-19 vaccines increase vaccination willingness? Results of an experimental study with German respondents in times of a national vaccine shortage
Authors: Schnepf Julia
Published: September 2022

Vaccine shortage is still a major problem in many countries. But how does the vaccine shortage affect people’s willingness to be vaccinated? To test whether perceived scarcity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has an impact on vaccination willingness, a preregistered online experiment with N = 175 non-vaccinated German participants was conducted during a period of national vaccine shortage. Perceived vaccine scarcity was manipulated by either telling participants that SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in their district would be particularly scarce in the upcoming weeks or that above-average quantities would be available. The results show that individuals in the scarcity-condition were significantly more willing to get vaccinated than those in the surplus-condition. In addition, individuals in the scarcity-condition were found to express more anger towards the debate on relaxations for vaccinated versus non-vaccinated individuals. The results indicate that even superficial processes such as a perception of scarcity can influence people’s willingness to get vaccinated.
Disease activity trajectories for early and established rheumatoid arthritis: Real-world data from a rheumatoid arthritis cohort
Authors: Movahedi Mohammad , Cesta Angela , Li Xiuying , Bombardier Claire ,   OBRI investigators
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Disease activity status described at fixed time points does not accurately reflect disease course in chronic and relapsing diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We described longitudinal disease activity trajectories in early and established RA.

Methods

Patients with available 28-Joint Disease Activity Score-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) and Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) over two years were included. Using latent growth curve modelling (LCGM), subgroups of patients following distinct patterns were identified.

Results

1920 patients were included with 34.4% in early RA (< 2 years’ disease duration). Three subgroups were identified using DAS28-ESR in early RA: 1) low disease activity to remission (LDA-REM: 19.1%); 2) moderate disease to remission (MD-REM: 54%); 3) high to moderate disease (HD-MD: 26.9%). The HD-MD group had a significantly higher number of comorbidities, biologic and steroid use and lower post-secondary education. Using CDAI, we identified seven subgroups with only 1.9% remission in early RA. In established RA, seven subgroups were identified using either DAS28-ESR or CDAI. Using DAS28-ESR 27.8% with HD showed improvement in disease status (14.2% HD-REM, 10.3% HD-LDA and 3.3% HD-MD) while using CDAI 17.9% showed improvement.

Conclusion

Disease course was different in early and established RA. Only 14.2% of established RA reached DAS28-ESR remission compared to 73.1% of early RA. Using CDAI only 1.9% of early RA and none of the established RA achieved remission, likely reflecting the impact of the patient global assessment on this score. Findings also illustrate the impact of sociodemographic characteristics and early treatment on disease course.
Karakteristik Massa Air di Selat Sunda dan Perairan Lepasnya
Authors: Fahlevi Moch. Reza , Bayhaqi Ahmad , Sugianto Denny Nugroho , Fadli Muhammad , Wang Huiwu , Susanto R. Dwi , Wouthuyzen Sam
Published: September 2022

Selat Sunda merupakan selat dengan kondisi fisik dinamis yang menjadi menjadi jalur sirkulasi massa air di perairan Indonesia petemuan Armondo dan Arlindo. Perairan ini didominasi dari Samudera Hindia dengan dinamika perairan yang sebagian besar dipengaruhi oleh angin musim, hal ini dapat memicu percampuran massa air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik massa air di Selat Sunda dan perairan lepasnya. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan November 2019 dan data model diperoleh dari situs CMEMS (2015-2019). Pengolahan data menggunakan software Ocean Data View (ODV) dengan metode sebaran vertikal, melintang dan diagram TS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan temperatur di Selat Sunda relatif lebih tinggi dengan kisaran 29-30,2oC. Sebaran salinitas dan densitas di Samudera Hindia lebih tinggi dengan nilai masing-masing 35-35,2 ‰dan 22,20 kg/m3. Tipe massa air didominasi dari Samudera Hindia terdiri dari Bengal Bay Water (BBW), South Indian Central Water (SICW), Antartic Intermediate Water (AAIW) dan Indonesian Upper Water (IUW). Dua jenis massa air berasal dari Samudera Pasifik yakni Pacific Equatoral Water (PEW) dan Western North Pacific Central Water (WNPCW). Variabilitas massa air menunjukkan pola yang relatif serupa. Sebaran temperatur tertinggi terjadi pada musim peralihan 2 (30,2oC) dan terendah di musim timur (29,2oC). Sebaran salinitas permukaan tertinggi terjadi pada musim peralihan 2 (32,87‰) dan terendah pada musim peralihan 1 (31,74‰).  Sunda Strait is a strait with dynamic physical condition that crossed by Armondo and Arlindo. These waters are dominated by Indian Ocean with dynamics of waters which are largely influenced by monsoons, its condition give an example of mixing water mass. This research aims to determine characteristics and variability of water mass. This study was carried out in November 2019 and satellite data was obtained from CMEMS website (2015-2019). Processing data was performed using software Ocean Data View (ODV) by methods scatter distribution, cross section and TS diagram. The result show that temperature in the Sunda Strait was relatively higher with a range 29-30.2oC. The distribution of salinity and density in the Indian Ocean is higher with values of 35-35.2 o/oo and 22.2 kg/m3. TS diagram shows that water mass dominated by the Indian Ocean consists of Bengal Bay Water (BBW), South Indian Central Water (SICW), Antartic Intermediate Water (AAIW) and Indonesian Upper Water (IUW). Two type of water mass from Pacific Ocean are Pacific Equatorial Water (PEW) and Western North Pacific Central Water (WNPCW). Variability of water mass shows a similar pattern. The highest temperature distribution occurred in transitional season 2 (30.2oC) and the lowest in east season (29.2oC). The highest distribution of salinity occurred in transitional season 2 (32.87 o/oo) and the lowest in transitional season 1 (31.74 o/oo).
Asosiasi dan Korelasi Makrozoobentos dengan Kondisi Ekosistem Mangrove di Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu
Authors: Bayudana Bintang Chandra , Riyantini Indah , Sunarto Sunarto , Zallesa Sheila
Published: September 2022

Salah satu status kawasan Pulau Pari yaitu menjadi kawasan konservasi mangrove. Makrozoobentos menjadikan ekosistem mangrove sebagai habitat untuk mencari makan, berlindung, dan berkembang biak. Tujuan riset ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis mangrove serta kerapatannya, menghitung kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, keseragaman makrozoobentos, dan menentukan pola asosiasi dan korelasi makrozoobentos terhadap kondisi ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Pari. Riset ini dilaksanakan pada Maret 2021 di Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu. Lokasi penelitian dibagi menjadi 3 stasiun, yaitu Utara, Barat, dan Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode transek kuadrat, yaitu dengan membentangkan tali tegak lurus garis pantai menuju daratan sepanjang 50 meter dengan ukuran 10 m x 10 m untuk mangrove, dan 1 m x 1 m untuk makrozoobentos. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 3 jenis mangrove yaitu Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, dan Bruguiera cylindrica. Kerapatan mangrove tertinggi seluas 1234 ind/ha. Nilai kelimpahan makrozoobentos berkisar antara 18.34 - 45.89 ind/m2. Indeks keanekaragaman makrozoobentos termasuk dalam kategori sedang yaitu 2.65-2.95 dan keseragaman termasuk kategori tinggi sebesar 0,885-0,897. Dari semua perhitungan asosiasi dan korelasi antara makrozoobentos dengan ekosistem mangrove menunjukkan adanya hubungan sangat kuat dimana tumbuhan mangrove dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap keberlangsungan hidup makrozoobentos. One of the statuses of the Pari Island area is to become a mangrove conservation area. Macrozoobentos make the mangrove ecosystem a habitat for foraging, sheltering, and breeding. The purpose of this research was to identify mangrove species and their density, to calculate the abundance, diversity, uniformity of macrozoobentos, and to determine the pattern of association and correlation of macrozoobentos to the condition of the mangrove ecosystem in Pari Island. This research was carried out in March 2021 on Pari Island, Thousand Islands. The research location is divided into 3 stations, namely North, West, and East. The method used is the quadratic transect method, namely by stretching a rope perpendicular to the coastline to the mainland along 50 meters with a size of 10 m x 10 m for mangroves, and 1 m x 1 m for macrozoobentos. The results of the study found 3 types of mangroves, namely Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, and Bruguiera cylindrica. The highest mangrove density is 1234 ind/ha. The abundance value of macrozoobentos ranged from 18.34 - 45.89 ind/m2. Macrozoobentos diversity index was included in the medium category, namely 2.65-2.95 and uniformity was included in the high category of 0.885-0.897. From all calculations of associations and correlations between macrozoobentos and mangrove ecosystems, it shows that there is a very strong relationship where mangrove plants can have an influence on the survival of macrozoobentos.
VARIASI STRAIN DI SEKITAR SESAR BARIBIS BERDASARKAN DATA PENGAMATAN GPS KONTINYU (2016-2018)
Authors: Ilahi Ridho
Published: September 2022

Java island is one of big island with a high geodynamic condition, which in the southern part of Java Island occur subduction between Sunda Block and Indo-Australian Plate. The subduction zone forms a regional geological pattern in the maindland of Java which can be seen as fault pattern. Baribis fault is one of the active fault in the west Java, which consist west and east segment. The west segment called by inferred fault, while the east segment called by fix fault. This paper discusses about the strain variation along Baribis fault based on GNSS data, that used to see the geodynamic behavior between Indo-Australian plate and the Sunda block.The velocity and the coordinates of observation point is calculated using weight least square method in the GAMIT and GLOBK 10.7 software, while the principle strain rate calculated using least square collocation method in GeoStrain software. The result show compression happen in the northern part of Banten province, western part of DKI Jakarta and western part of West Java province. Meanwhile the extension happened in eastern part of  DKI Jakarta till the southern part of DKI Jakarta.
Kajian Kehandalan Hasil Ekstraksi Bangunan Secara Otomatis Menggunakan Data Ortofoto dan LiDAR di Kota Pontianak
Authors: Julian Handoko Dwi , Harintaka Harintaka
Published: September 2022

Strategi dalam melakukan klasifikasi berbasis objek terutama diwilayah perkotaan dalam beberapa dekade ini dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan berbagai metode dan melibatkan beberapa data selama proses klasifikasi berlangsung. Beberapa penelitian hampir sebagian besar hanya menggunakan data citra foto udara saja dalam melakukan ekstraksi objek bangunan namun ekstraksi objek bangunan terutama di wilayah perkotaan jika hanya memanfaatkan data ortofoto, dianggap belum optimal diimplementasikan pada klasifikasi berbasis objek. Kajian dalam melakukan ekstraksi bangunan tidak hanya dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan data foto udara namun juga dapat memanfaatkan data pada LiDAR seperti nilai ketinggian dan nilai intensitas pada LiDAR. Nilai ketinggian dan nilai intensitas LiDAR yang diekstraksi dari data point cloud dijadikan sebagai nilai ambang batas selama proses klasifikasi berlangsung. Ambang batas tiap kelas nilai intensitas LiDAR yang diekstrak dari point cloud juga diterapkan selama proses klasifikasi berlangsung. Klasifikasi ekstraksi objek bangunan menggunakan metode segmentasi algorithma segmentation multiresolution dimana citra foto udara terlebih dahulu dilakukan segmentasi yang selanjutnya dilakukan proses klasifikasi berbasis objek secara otomatis. Data point cloud LiDAR khususnya nilai intensitas LiDAR digunakan untuk memaksimalkan hasil klasifikasi selama proses klasifikasi berjalan sehingga menghasilkan hasil yang optimal. Berdasarkan dari penelitian, hasil ekstraksi bangunan secara otomatis yang dibandingkan dengan hasil deliniasi manual ( onscreen digitizing)  menghasilkan akurasi 92. 441 %. Berdasarkan hasil ekstraksi objek bangunan menunjukkan akurasi yang baik pada bangunan yang memiliki tingkat kerapatan yang tinggi.
KAJIAN PERKEMBANGAN LAHAN TERBANGUN KOTA PEKALONGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE URBAN INDEX (UI)
Authors: Bashit Nurhadi , Prasetyo Yudo , Sukmono Abdi
Published: September 2022

Indonesia merupakan negara berkembang yang mengalami peningkatan pembangunan di wilayah perkotaan sehingga dapat dilihat berdasarkan perubahan fisik perkotaan. Perkembangan pembangunan dapat menyebabkan perubahan penggunaan lahan dari lahan kosong menjadi lahan terbangun. Perubahan lahan terbangun merupakan hal yang umum terjadi di perkotaan karena pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk. Peningkatan lahan terbangun dan menurunnya lahan terbuka hijau dapat menyebabkan dampak perubahan fungsi lahan. Perubahan fungsi lahan memberikan dampak pada perubahan tatanan lingkungan berupa menurunnya kualitas lingkungan, degradasi lingkungan/kerusakan lingkungan serta berkurangnya sumber daya alam maupun perubahan tata guna lahan jika pembangunan dilakukan secara tidak teratur. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, artikel ini melakukan kajian mengenai perkembangan lahan terbangun Kota Pekalongan. Perkembangan lahan dilakukan pemantauan untuk mendeteksi perkembangan lahan terbangun pada setiap kecamatan dan penyebabnya. Pemantauan lahan terbangun pada artikel ini menggunakan metode pengindraan jauh dari data citra satelit. Metode pengindraan jauh memiliki kelebihan dibandingkan pemetaan secara konvensional (survei lapangan) karena data citra satelit memperlihatkan kondisi permukaan bumi tanpa mendatangi keseluruhan lokasi sehingga mempercepat pemetaan suatu wilayah. Klasifikasi lahan terbangun Kota Pekalongan dilakukan secara otomatis menggunakan metode Urban Index (UI). Transformasi UI menggunakan saluran Near Infrared (NIR) dan Short Wave Infrared II (SWIR-II). Klasifikasi dilakukan secara multitemporal sehingga dapat dilakukan kajian mengenai lahan terbangun di Kota Pekalongan setiap 2 tahun dari tahun 2013 hingga 2019. Penelitian ini menghasilkan klasifikasi lahan terbangun dengan luas pada tahun 2013 sebesar 2.030,708 ha, tahun 2015 sebesar 2.054,752 ha, tahun 2017 sebesar 2.227,835 ha, tahun 2019 sebesar 2.503,603 ha. Perkembangan lahan terbangun Kota Pekalongan tersebesar terdapat di Kecamatan Pekalongan Utara sebesar 175,525 ha yang disebabkan karena pembangunan pusat perbelanjaan, perkantoran, pemukiman dan jaring jalan.
KAJIAN PEMBUATAN ACCURACY MASK CITRA DAN KORELASINYA DENGAN KONDISI TOPOGRAFI
Authors: Suprayogi Andri , Sasmito Bandi
Published: September 2022

Peta dasar dengan skala besar didapatkan salah satunya dengan penegakan kondisi geometrik citra satelit beresolusi tinggi untuk menghilangkan pergeseran pada hasil perekaman yang disebabkan oleh bervariasinya tinggi permukaan bumi. Representasi kualitas geometrik citra dengan nilai RMS bersifat keseluruhan sebagai rerata (means) dengan nilai akurasi masing-masing titik ICP. Representasi ini menunjukkan adanya kemungkinan perbedaan tingkat akurasi dari masing-masing piksel penyusun citra. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengkaji pembuatan geometric accuracy mask dari citra yang dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi kualitas hasil-hasil digitasi dengan penentuan korelasi spasial antara layer kesalahan dengan kondisi topografi area studi sebagai sumber utama kesalahan pergeseran relief. Kesalahan ICP memiliki variasi yang berkisar antara 1.05 hingga 1,83 meter dimana hasil interpolasi IDW dari titik kesalahan menunjukkan nilai sebaran grid yang secara umum memiliki nilai antara titik-titik ICP. Nilai dari piksel yang berada di luar basis antar titik ICP diekstrapolasi dan dapat menunjukkan perubahan yang semakin besar, atau semakin kecil tergantung gradasi dari interpolasi antar titik. Diperoleh pula bahwa terdapat korelasi lokal yang lebih besar antara nilai kesalahan citra dengan nilai ketinggian dibanding terhadap nilai kelerengan.
HAK KEPEMILIKAN TANAH PADA KAWASAN RAWAN BENCANA GUNUNG MERAPI YOGYAKARTA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN TANAH
Authors: Nugraha Arief Laila
Published: September 2022

Bencana alam mengakibatkan perubahan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, mulai aspek sosial, ekonomi, budaya, hingga aspek psikologi terutama yang terkena dampak langsung dari bencana tersebut. Salah satu contohnya adalah masyarakat yang terkena langsung dampak dari erupsi gunung Merapi yang mengalami perubahan dalam hidupnya, walaupun telah mendapatkan bantuan dari berbagai pihak untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang ada. Permasalahan pelik yang dihadapi masyarakat adalah masalah hak kepemilikan tanah yang telah mereka kuasai sebelum terjadinya bencana erupsi gunung Merapi. Terkait imbauan pemerintah yang menyatakan bahwa tanah-tanah yang berada dalam zona bahaya erupsi gunung Merapi akan dijadikan Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi (TNGM), menjadi masalah besar dalam urusan pertanahan. Dari dasar hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia memang Pemerintah memiliki hak dalam membuat perencanaan untuk pembangunan, keselamatan, dan kemakmuran rakyatnya, namun demikian hak kepemilikan seseorang juga dilindungi oleh UU pula. Hal tersebut memicu untuk dilakukan investigasi dari pengaruh-pengaruh yang melatarbelakangi hal tersebut diatas untuk ditemukan suatu rekomendasi pemecahan masalah sehingga proses pembangunan tanah dapat berjalan dengan baik.
MONITORING PENURUNAN MUKA TANAH AKIBAT GALIAN DAN TIMBUNAN PADA JALUR KONTRUKSI JALAN TOL SEMARANG-DEMAK SEGMEN STA 17-22 BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI UAV (UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE)
Authors: Prasetyo Yudo , Amarrohman Fauzi Janu , Panggabean Marissa Isabella
Published: September 2022

Kecamatan Karangtengah merupakan salah satu kecamatan yang berada di area Kabupaten Demak yang rentan terhadap peristiwa Penurunan Muka Tanah (PMT) akibat dari endapan aluvial muda yang mendominasi di Desa Batu, Kedunguter, Dukun, Karangsari,Grogol dan Pulosari. Terkait peristiwa penurunan muka tanah ini, di lokasi ini juga sedang dilakukan pembangunan jalan tol Semarang-Demak yang berada pada STA 17-22. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penggunaan Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) untuk mendapatkan informasi perubahan volumetrik dengan menggunakan data Digital Elevation Model (DEM) yang terjadi selama rentang waktu penelitian pada wilayah pembangunan jalan tol. Metode perhitungan perubahan volumetrik tanah ini digunakan untuk melakukan kajian awal terhadap fenomena penurunan muka tanah (PMT). Hasil dari pengolahan UAV pada bulan 30 Agustus hingga 11 Oktober tahun 2020 menunjukkan bahwa penurunan muka tanah yang terjadi pada wilayah pembangunan jalan tol dengan penurunan tertinggi terjadi pada STA 20 sebesar 7,1 cm memiliki luas daerah penurunan 11,09 ha berada di Desa Karangsari serta penurunan terendah sebesar 2,7 cm pada STA 18 dengan luas area penurunan 7,41 cm berada di Desa Dukun. Luasan penurunan muka tanah yang terjadi adalah 42,55 ha (74,3%) dari luasan total area pembangunan jalan tol STA 17-22. Perubahan volume di sepanjang jalan tol  pada penelitian ini menunjukkan terjadinya kenaikan volume sebesar 92.824,42 m3 dikarenakan selama bulan Agustus hingga Oktober 2020 area jalan tol masih terus melakukan penimbunan, volume ini dihitung mulai dari akuisisi foto udara UAV pertama pada tanggal 30 Agustus hingga 11 Oktober 2020.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA SELF EFFICACY DENGAN PROBLEMFOCUSED COPING PADA SANTRI MADRASAH ALIYAH PONDOK PESANTREN AL BURHAN HIDAYATULLAH
Authors: Wulansari Efi , Desiningrum Dinie Ratri
Published: September 2022

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara self efficacy dengan problem focused copingpada santri Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Al Burhan Hidayatullah. Problem focused coping adalah usaha individu yang berorientasi pada pemecahan atau penyelesaian masalah dengan cara menghadapi langsung sumber masalah, serta mengubahsituasi yang menimbulkan masalah dengan melakukan tindakan yang konstruktif dan mempelajari cara-cara atau keterampilan baru.Self efficacy merupakan suatu keyakinan individu akan kemampuan atau kompetensi yang dimiliki dalam melaksanakan pekerjaan atau tugas pada situasi tertentu sehingga akan memperoleh hasil yang diharapkan. Penelitian dilakukan pada santri Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Al Burhan Hidayatullah. Enam kelas populasi penelitian, melalui metode cluster random samplingdidapatkan sampel penelitian sejumlah tiga kelas, yaitu satu kelas putri dan dua kelas putra. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah skala self efficacyyang berjumlah21 aitem valid(koefisien reliabilitas= 0,895) dan skala problem focused coping yang berjumlah45aitem valid (koefisien reliabilitas= 0,950).Hasil analisis regresi sederhana menunjukkan rxy = 0,749 dengan p= 0,000 (p<0,05). Nilai rxy positif menunjukkan bahwa arah hubungan kedua variabel adalah positif, yaitu semakin tinggi self efficacy maka semakin tinggi pula problem focused copingpada santri Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Al Burhan Hidayatullah. Hal itu berlaku pula sebaliknya, semakin rendah self efficacy maka semakin rendah pula problem focused coping pada santri Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Al Burhan Hidayatullah. Sumbangan efektif self efficacy terhadap problem focused coping pada santri Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Al Burhan Hidayatullah sebesar 56,1%.
THE CORRELATION OF ATTACHMENT TO PARENTS WITH COPING STRESS AMONG 7TH GRADE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENT AT PONDOK MODERN SELAMAT KENDAL
Authors: Suri Syani Masinta , Widodo Prasetyo Budi , Setyawan Imam
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kelekatan terhadap orangtua dengan koping stres pada siswa kelas VII SMP Pondok Modern Selamat Kendal. Hipotesis dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan positif antara kelekatan terhadap orangtua dengan koping stres siswa.Populasi dalam penelitian ini 400 siswa kelas VII SMP Pondok Modern Selamat Kendal dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 187 siswa yang diperoleh melalui cluster random sampling. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Skala Koping Stres (41 aitem valid, α=0,898) dan Skala Kelekatan terhadap Orangtua (26 aitem valid, α=0,849), yang telah diuji cobakan pada 87 siswa kelas VII SMP Pondok Modern Selamat Kendal.Analisis regresi sederhana menunjukkan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,658 dan p=0,000 (p<0,05). Nilai tersebut menunjukkan semakin positif kelekatan terhadap orangtua maka semakin tinggi koping stres siswa, dan sebaliknya. Sumbangan efektif kelekatan terhadap orangtua dengan koping stres siswa sebesar 43,3%. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa 43,3% variasi koping stres siswa kelas VII SMP  Pondok Modern Selamat dipengaruhi oleh variasi kelekatan terhadap orangtua. Sisanya sebesar 56,7% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diungkap dalam penelitian ini.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KONSEP DIRI DENGAN SIKAP TERHADAP HUBUNGAN SEKSUAL PRANIKAH PADA SISWA SMA NEGERI 8 PURWOREJO
Authors: Anggraeni Devi , Abidin Zaenal , Desiningrum Dinie Ratri
Published: September 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsep diri dengan sikap terhadap hubungan seksual pranikah. Sikap terhadap hubungan seksual pranikah yaitu penilaian dalam diri individu yang memberi kesimpulan terhadap stimulus atau obyek, yang merupakan hasil interaksi dari komponen sikap terhadap segala aktivitas dan bentuk perilaku seksual yang dilakukan di luar ikatan perkawinan. Konsep diri merupakan evaluasi terhadap diri sendiri, serta penilaian individu terhadap pandangan orang lain pada dirinya yang berkaitan dengan hasil belajar dari pengalaman.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 8 Purworejo berjumlah 200 orang, dengan karakteristik yaitu laki-laki dan perempuan yang berusia antara 15-18 tahun. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 90 orang, yang diperoleh melalui cluster random sampling. Alat pengumpul data dalam penelitian ini adalah skala sikap terhadap hubungan seksual pranikah (38 aitem valid, α=0,919) dan skala konsep diri (42 aitem valid, α=0,923), yang telah diuji cobakan pada 90 siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 8 Purworejo.Analisis regresi sederhana menunjukkan nilai koefisiensi korelasi sebesar -0,250 dan p=0,000 (p<0,05). Artinya terdapat hubungan yang negatif dan signifikan antara konsep diri dengan sikap terhadap hubungan seksual pranikah. Semakin tinggi konsep diri maka sikap semakin menolak terhadap hubungan seksual pranikah. Sumbangan efektif konsep diri terhadap sikap terhadap hubungan seksual pranikah sebesar 6,3%. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa ada faktor lain sebesar 93,7% yang juga ikut berperan mempengaruhi sikap terhadap hubungan seksual pranikah.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC SELF EFFICACIES AND THE ASSERTIVITY ON THE 10 GRADE STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 15
Authors: Suhardi Vrisca Amelia , Hartati Sri , Masykur Achmad Mujab
Published: September 2022

Assertivity is important for the teenager in order for them to fulfill their development tasks. Assertivity is the ability of the individual to express their feeling and mind directly, honestly, and clearly while preserving and respecting the rights and feeling of others. As a result of the academic competency that must be fulfilled by the student, consequently the student is demanded to have faith to themselves, it is called self efficacy. The objective of this research is to find out the relationship between academic self efficacy and assetivity on the ten grade students of State Senior High School 15 Semarang.The population of this research are the ten grade students of State Senior High School 15 Semarang. The sampel of this study are 178 students, which is collected through the technique of Cluster Random Sampling. The data collection device in this research is Self Efficacy Scale (34 item α = 0,913) and assertivity scale (33 items α = 0,884) and have been tested to 72 studens of the ten grade on State Senior High School 15 Semarang.The result of the data analysis with the simple regresion analysis generate corelation coeffisien (rxy) 0,512 with p = 0,000 (p<0,05). Those results show the positive relationship which is significan between the academic self efficacy and assertivityon the ten grade students of State Senior High School 15 Semarang. This academic self efficacy give effective contribution as 26,2% on the assertivity of ten grade students of State Senior High School 15 Semarang. The obligation to join the extra curricular has encourage students to actively interact with others. Through the interaction the students can get some experiences result in the increasig self efficacy that lead to the establishment of high assertivity.