bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Models to Predict Early Breakthrough of Recalcitrant Organic Micropollutants in Granular Activated Carbon Treatment of Water
Authors: Koyama Yoko
Published: December 2021

Granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption is frequently considered to control recalcitrant organic micropollutants (MPs) in both drinking water and wastewater. To predict full-scale GAC adsorber performance, bench- and/or pilot- scale studies are widely used. These studies have generated a wealth of MP breakthrough curves. The overarching aim of this research was to develop machine learning (ML) models from these data to predict MP breakthrough from adsorbent, adsorbate, and background water matrix properties. These models provide a simple and fast tool to predict GAC performance. To develop information for model calibration, MP breakthrough curves were collected from the peer-reviewed literature, research reports, and engineering reports. These data sets, which included results from rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) and pilot/full-scale adsorbers, were analyzed to determine the bed volumes of water that could be treated until MP breakthrough reached ten percent of the influent MP concentration (BV10). The data set encompassed 43 MPs (including neutral and ionizable organic compounds), 3 GAC types by base material (18 unique GAC products), and 38 water matrices, including groundwater, surface water, and treated wastewater. Approximately 400 data sets were split into training, validation, and test sets. Seventeen candidate features, such as MP properties (Abraham parameters), background water matrix characteristics, and GAC properties, were explored in ML models to predict log-10-transformed BV10 (logBV10). BV10 values obtained from the resulting predictive model were highly correlated with experimentally determined BV10 values (coefficient of determination ~0.89 for logBV10 prediction), and the most effective model predicted BV10 with an absolute mean error of ~ 0.11 log units. Key drivers influencing BV10 prediction included the MP’s partitioning coefficient between air and hexadecane (Abraham parameter L); dissolved organic matter concentration in background water matrix; and the adsorbent’s point of zero charge (pzc). The model can be used to estimate GAC bed life and select effective GACs for the removal of MPs such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a wide range of water types.
WAWASAN NUSANTARA: SEBAGAI SATU KESATUAN, POLOTIK, EKONOMI, SOSIAL, BUDAYA DAN HANKAM Oleh:
Authors: Mbatu Anita Laki
Published: December 2021

Wawasan nusantara adalah cara pandang bangsa Indonesia terhadap rakyat, bangsa, dan wilayah Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI) yang meliputi darat, laut, dan udara di atasnya sebagai satu kesatuan politik, ekonomi, sosial, budaya, dan pertahanan keamanan. Wawasan nusantara berasal dari kata 'wawasan' dan 'nusantara'. Wawasan berasal dari kata 'wawas' (bahasa Jawa) yang berarti pandangan, tinjauan atau penglihatan indrawi. Selanjutnya, muncul kata 'mawas', yang berarti memandang, meninjau atau melihat.Seperti diketahui, negara Indonesia merupakan negara multikultural. Indonesia memiliki suku, ras maupun agama yang sangat beragam.Itulah mengapa, penting memahami banyaknya perbedaan tersebut melalui wawasan nusantara. sebagai warga negara yang baik, hendaknya memiliki wawasan nusantara sebagai bentuk perwujudan rasa nasionalisme.
How do we distinguish termite stone lines from artefact horizons? A challenge for geoarchaeology in tropical Australia
Authors: Smith Mike , Ward Ingrid , Moffat Ian
Published: December 2021

Can we distinguish stone lines created by termite bioturbation from genuine artefact horizons? This is a challenge for field archaeology and geoarchaeology in northern Australia, where termites are abundant. We review published data to (a) present a model of the evolution of stone lines and (b) develop guidelines for recognizing these bioturbation products in archaeological contexts. In case studies, we examine Madjedbebe and Nauwalabila, two sites in northern Australia. The early occupation levels at these sites are pivotal to ideas about initial human occupation of the Australian landmass but there are claims these are unrecognized stone lines. Our assessment is that neither Madjedbebe nor Nauwalabila contain termite stone lines, although both sites may have complex geomorphic and taphonomic histories.
Tool-Box- Standardized Tool-Box for the assessment of the stress-physiological consequences of digitalization for medical practitioners
Authors: Wekenborg Magdalena
Published: December 2021

A valid assessment of digitization-associated stress appears to be crucial for the successful and health-promoting design of digitization processes in the healthcare sector. The present Tool-Box aims to contribute to this goal by providing an overview of central methods for assessing stress and associated constructs in the context of digitization processes, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The methods included in the Tool-Box were selected based on an extensive review of existing literature on assessment of stress and associated constructs in the context of digitalization processes and beyond. In addition, we conducted expert interviews and pilot studies for the final selection and shaping of the Tool-Box.The target groups of our Tool-Box are researchers as well as all individuals which are involved in the design and implementation of digital innovations within the health care sector: monitoring digitalization-associated stress throughout the entire implementation process with methodologically sound tools might be one of the key factors for successful digital transformations.
More focal, less heterogeneous? Multi-level Meta-Analysis of Cathodal High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Effects on Language and Cognition
Authors: Ostrowski Jan , Svaldi Jennifer , Schroeder Philipp A.
Published: December 2021

High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) is a relatively focal, novel non-invasive brain stimulation method with the potential to investigate causal contribution of specific cortical brain regions to language and cognition. Studies with HD-tDCS typically employ a 4×1 electrode design with a single central target electrode surrounded by four return electrodes, among which return current intensity is evenly distributed. With cathodal HD-tDCS, neural excitability in the target region is assumed to be reduced, which offers interesting perspectives for psychological research and interventions. This multi-level meta-analysis compiles published studies using cathodal HD-tDCS in 4×1 configuration to modulate cognition and behavior. In total, 11 eligible reports were included with 2-15 effect sizes within each study, yielding 77 effect sizes in total. We observed no significant overall effect and no moderation by within-study and between-study variables. However, studies varied tremendously in task parameters, outcomes, and even technical parameters. Interestingly, within-study heterogeneity exceeded between-study heterogeneity in the present sample, and moderators hardly reduced the residual heterogeneity. Across domains and configurations, both positive and negative effect sizes are possible. We discuss the findings in relation to conventional cathodal tDCS and the framework of polarity specificity. Fundamental aspects of cathodal HD-tDCS are still to be addressed in future research.
Does Friendship Stem from Altruism? Adam Smith and the Distinction between Love-based and Interest-based Preferences.
Authors: Khalil Elias
Published: December 2021

Friendship-and-love expresses musings about wellbeing—while “wellbeing” is the economist’s substantive satisfaction. Insofar as altruism is about wellbeing, it must differ from friendship-and-love. However, what is the basis of the difference between substantive satisfaction and friendship-and-love? The answer can be found in Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments, chapter 2: how “mutual sympathy” differs from “sympathy.” Smith scholars generally miss the uniqueness of “mutual sympathy” and, indeed, fold it under Smith’s “sympathy” (and “empathy”)—with one exception. Robert Sugden highlights the uniqueness of mutual sympathy. However, he goes to the other end, folding Smith’s “sympathy-and-empathy” under “mutual sympathy.” This paper aims to avoid the folding in either direction. While mutual sympathy originates love-based sociality (friendship-and-love), sympathy-and-empathy originates interest-based sociality (wellbeing that includes altruism). This paper concludes that friendship is neither reducible to altruism nor vice versa. Further, this paper distinguishes this problem from the question regarding the socialization of the individual.
Audience Engagement and the Dynamics of Online Activism: Far-Right Mobilization on Facebook
Authors: Davidson Thomas
Published: December 2021

Far-right activists have recently used social media to attract audiences of unprecedented scale. This paper argues that this online popularity can be explained by processes endogenous to social media, specifically the role of audience engagement. A case study of the far-right, anti-Muslim group Britain First and its online activism on Facebook is used to test this theory. The relationship between audience engagement and Britain First’s activity, recruitment, and support on Facebook is modeled using time series regression, controlling for other relevant factors, including protests, framing, and exogenous events. The results show that changes in audience engagement are associated with long-term shifts in online activism, resulting in feedback loops where engagement begets further engagement. The findings demonstrate how the incentive structures of social media platforms can enable and constrain contemporary activism and how activists can develop tactics to exploit these systems to their advantage.¬¬
Fixed Point Theorems on Some New Types of Cyclic Contractions and Their Generalization
Authors: Joshi Dev Raj , Tripathi Piyush Kumar , Bhatta Chet Raj
Published: December 2021

There are different types of contraction in the existing literature for the generalization of Banach’s contraction principle. Our aim in this paper is to generalize cyclic contraction so that it can explain all types of cyclic contraction as a particular case. Besides all contractions in the existing literature we introduce some new types of cyclic contraction before defining the generalized cyclic contraction.
On Some Bounds for the Exponential Integral Function
Authors: Nantomah Kwara
Published: December 2021

In 1934, Hopf established an elegant inequality bounding the exponential integral function. In 1959, Gautschi established an improvement of Hopf’s results. In 1969, Luke also established two inequalities with each improving Hopf’s results. In 1997, Alzer also established another improvement of Hopf’s results. In this paper, we provide two new proofs of Luke’s first inequality and as an application of this inequality, we provide a new proof and a generalization of Gautschi’s results. Furthermore, we establish some inequalities which are analogous to Luke’s second inequality and Alzer’s inequality. The techniques adopted in proving our results are simple and straightforward.
Postačujú vedomosti stredoškolákov z chémie pre pochopenie funkcie tradičných protiepidemických opatrení?
Authors: Jesenák Karol
Published: December 2021

This text gives a positive answer to the question in the title. This means that compliance with anti-epidemic measures does not need to rely only on various enforcement measures and restrictions. At the same time, understanding of physical principles behind these measures makes students less likely to accept the views which question them.
The Difference in Contributing Factors and Costs Associated with Outpatient Refusal to Accept Cardiovascular Medications or Analgesics During Dispensing Process.
Authors: Mohamed Koya M V , Koya Saiful , Rahman Hazirah Abd , Nurul Syahida Radzuan
Published: December 2021

Background: Study looking into cardiovascular disorders (CVD) medicines or analgesics cost-saving activities during dispensing process is lacking.

Aim: To determine differences in factors and costs associated with refused CVD medicines or analgesics during dispensing process

Method: This study was approved by Medical Research and Ethics Committee (MREC) (Registration number: NMRR-20-177-53153(IIR)). Participants receiving CVD medicines or analgesics during dispensing process were recruited via convenience sampling technique between February and March 2020 at the Specialist Pharmacy Department of Jerantut Hospital, Malaysia. Refusal to medications and its reasons were asked based on the questionnaire developed by the researchers.

Results: Overall, 175 patients participated in this survey and CVD drugs contributed toward 58.9% of the refused medicines. Those who refused CVD drugs and analgesics were significantly different in terms of gender, medications dosing frequency, refusal reasons namely side effects, medications use, intentionally skipping dose and skipping the dose when feeling well. No associations were found between forgetfulness and age with refusal to CVD drugs or painkillers. Those who refused CVD medicines had a significantly higher total daily medicines, total daily pill burden, and total number of medicines refused per prescription compared to those who refused analgesics. Cost of CVD medicines refused per prescription was significantly higher compared to analgesics, median Ringgit Malaysia (RM) 10.50 (IQR, RM 15.00) versus median RM 6.00 (IQR, 15.00), P=0.01.

Conclusion: Refusal to CVD medicines and analgesics was associated with several medication’s and patient’s factors. However, higher cost-saving was observed in those refusing CVD medicines.

 

Keywords: cardiovascular disease, analgesics, dispensing, wastage
Morphological evaluation of anal canal wound healing after combined operations for combined anorectal pathology
Authors: Balytskyy V.V.
Published: December 2021

The urgency of the problem of postoperative wound healing after combined operations for combined pathology of the anal canal and rectum is quite high and contributes to the introduction into the practice of coloproctologists of new modern surgical technologies for the treatment of this pathology. The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative morphological assessment of postoperative wound healing in patients with combined pathology of the anal canal and rectum after combined operations using modern high-frequency electrosurgical and radiosurgical technologies. The results of surgical treatment of 689 patients with combined pathology of the anal canal and rectum using high-frequency electrosurgery and radiowave surgery with morphological assessment of wound healing on 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 days of the postoperative period, which were divided into 4 study groups. Using of “Surgitron” and “KLS Martin” devices for the treatment of patients with combined pathology of the anal canal and rectum was accompanied by the formation of the thinnest layers of coagulation necrosis in tissues with a depth of 0.189±0.085 mm and 0.194±0.090 mm respectively and as result patients of the first and fourth study groups had the shortest duration of inpatient treatment, which was 3-5 days and the average time of wound healing, which was 14-15 days. Patients in these study groups had the lowest inflammatory neutrophil reaction in postoperative wounds on day 3, which rapidly disappeared by day 5, on days 7-14 they had active reparative processes with the appearance of fibroblasts and connective tissue fibers, and on 21 day squamous epithelial cells, which indicated the processes of active epithelialization of wounds. The effect on the tissues of the devices “EFA” and “ERBE ICC 200” was deeper than in the above groups, forming a layer of coagulation tissue necrosis with a depth of 0.208±0.097 mm and 0.302±0.107 mm respectively, which was accompanied by patients of the third and second study groups with longer terms of inpatient treatment, which amounted to 5-7 days and increase the duration of wound healing, which amounted to 16-19 days. Patients in the 2nd and 3rd study groups showed a more pronounced inflammatory neutrophilic reaction in postoperative wounds on the 3rd day, which did not disappear until the 5th day and in half of the cases the presence of a significant number of segmental neutrophils and bacterial accumulations persisted. On days 7-14 they had weak reparative processes with the appearance of single fibroblasts and a small number of connective tissue fibers and on the 21st day single squamous epithelial cells, which indicated slow processes of wound epithelization. Using of radio-wave surgery and high-frequency electrosurgery devices promotes active epithelialization of tissues preventing scar strictures of the anal canal and improves the rehabilitation of patients in the postoperative period.
Mechanical Properties: Key Topics in Materials Science and Engineering
Authors: Tuttle Robert
Published: December 2021

Mechanical Properties: Key Topics in Materials Science and Engineering provides a practical overview of tensile testing and what it reveals about the strength of materials and the load-carrying capabilities of structural components. The book is organized in two sections roughly equal in length. The first section is a tutorial on mechanical properties and behaviors expressed in the form of load-displacement and stress-strain curves. The section that follows furthers the learning process by guiding readers through a series of real-world problems and their respective solutions. The information in this book is particularly well suited for early-career engineers, especially those involved in product design.
Harita Disiplininin Çeşitli Kademelerindeki Programlarına İlişkin Öğretim Materyali Geliştirme
Authors: ÇORUHLU Yakup , KARAAĞAÇ Emre
Published: December 2021

Haritacılık Dünya’nın en eski mesleklerinden biridir. Son yıllarda hızlı şekilde gelişen teknolojik imkânlar ile haritacılık uygulamaları bilişim teknolojilerine doğru yönelmektedir. Bu sektördeki insan kaynağını yetiştiren eğitim kurumlarında ise bilgi genellikle klasik anlatım yöntemi ile verilmektedir. Öğretmen merkezli olan bu yaklaşım öğrenmede yetersiz kalmaktadır. Öğrenci merkezli ve öğrencinin daha aktif olduğu bir eğitim ortamı ile geliştirilen ders materyalleri öğrencilerin daha iyi yetişmesine katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu amaçla çalışmada öncelikle uygulama yapılacak ortaöğretim kurumu belirlenmiş, ortaöğretim, ön lisans ve lisans seviyelerinde verilen dersler ve bu derslerin öğretim strateji, yöntem ve tekniklerle ilişkileri kurulmuştur. Örneklem grubu oluşturularak öğrencilerin eksik olduğu konular belirlenmiştir. Bu öğrencilerin mevcut bilgi eksikleri sınav analizleri ile ortaya çıkartılmış, eksiklikleri gidermek için materyaller geliştirilmiş ve uygulanmıştır. Buna ilaveten performansa dayalı farklı ölçme değerlendirme araçlarıyla materyallerin beceri kazandırma düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak çalışma ile geliştirilen materyallerin, ilgili konular hakkında öğrencilerin becerilerini arttırdığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, derslerin öğretim strateji yöntem ve tekniklerine uygun olarak planlanması ve işlenmesi, öğrencilerin bilgi eksikliklerinin farklı ölçme ve değerlendirme araçları ile tespit edilmesi, öğrencilerdeki bilgi eksikliklerinin giderilmesi için materyal geliştirilmesi, derslerin işlenmesinde ve materyallerin uygulanmasında öğrenci merkezli yaklaşım benimsenmesi, önerilmektedir.
Classification of the Foot Movements with Inertial Measurement Sensor for Ankle-Foot Prosthesis
Authors: AYDIN FANDAKLI Selin , OKUMUŞ Halil
Published: December 2021

Today, Inertial Measurement Units is used for control in lower extremity prosthesis studies. In this article, an application related to the analysis and classification of foot movements such as dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion and eversion is presented. This study aims to perform the classification of foot movements to recognize the movement pattern and to adapt to abnormal walking conditions for the robotic foot system. Nine parameters are measured with motion data from the IMU sensor connected to the metatarsal of the foot from eleven volunteers aged 20-34 years. Size is reduced by extracting statistical properties such as sum, mean, standard deviation, covariance, skewness and kurtosis from these parameters. Classification process is performed with classifiers such as Decision Tree, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Naïve Bayes Classifier, K-Nearest Neighbor and Support Vector Machine separately for each person. The classification accuracies obtained for 11 volunteers are averaged and the highest accuracy is obtained with 97.2% for KNN.
Formação de professores na perspectiva da complexidade: um estado da arte
Authors: Farias Priscila Moreira Silva de , Pinheiro Rosa Aparecida
Published: December 2021

Neste tempo de incerteza, pensar a Formação de Professores a partir de um contexto mais amplo é urgente. Para tal, conhecermos o já produzido no campo de Formação de Professores na ótica da Complexidade é a pretensão desta investigação, que apresenta um estado da arte sobre o assunto, no período de 2000 a 2018. O texto considerou as dissertações e teses cadastradas no Google Acadêmico e na Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações com os descritores “paradigma da Complexidade na Formação de Professores” e “Formação de Professores na perspectiva da Complexidade”. Foram encontrados e analisados 20 trabalhos e após a leitura completa dos textos, a análise contemplou contextos nos quais as pesquisas foram desenvolvidas, os objetivos, os sujeitos das investigações, metodologias adotadas e resultados alcançados. Os achados indicam que há estudos consolidados sobre o tema e apontam a complexidade como possibilidade à Formação de Professores na e para a contemporaneidade.
Maternal 3,3’-Diiodothyronine Sulfate Formation from Guinea Pig Placenta Perfused with 3,3’,5-Triodothyronine
Authors: Wu Sing-yung , H. Emerson Charles , Tjioe Edward , Chen Dong-bao
Published: December 2021

Objective: Serum 3, 3’,5-triiodothyronine (T3) remains low in near-term fetus to prevent the growing fetus from undue exposure to its active catabolic effect in mammals. The present study was undertaken to gain insight in the role of placenta in T3 metabolism, fetal to maternal transfer of T3, and its metabolites by in situ placenta perfusion with outer-ring labeled [125I]-T3 in pregnant guinea pig, a species showing increased sulfated 3, 3’-diiodothyronine (T2S) levels in maternal serum in late pregnancy (term = 65 days), similarly to humans in pregnancy. Materials and Methods: One-pass placenta perfusions performed on pregnant guinea pigs were studied between 58 - 65 days of gestation. In two separate experiments, the umbilical artery of the guinea pig placenta was perfused in situ at 37°C with outer-ring labeled [125I]-T3. Maternal sera and umbilical effluents were obtained for analysis at the end of a 60-minute perfusion, when the steady-state levels of radioactivity were reached in the placenta effluent after 30-minute. Results: Sulfated [125I]-T2S was readily detected in the maternal serum as the major metabolite of T3 following the perfusion of placenta with [125I]-T3, suggesting that placental inner-ring deiodinase and sulfotransferase may play an important role in fetal T3 homeostasis and in the fetal to maternal transfer of sulfated iodothyronine metabolites. Conclusions: The expression of type 3 deiodinase (D3) and thyroid hormone sulfotransferase activity in placenta may play an important role to protect developing organs against undue exposure to active thyroid hormone in late gestation in the fetus. The combined activities of D3 and sulfotransferase promoted a placental transfer of T2S into maternal circulation. The maternal circulation of T2S is fetal T3 in origin and its role as a fetal thyroid function biomarker deserves further evaluations and studies.
Anatomy of the L5 nerve root in the pelvis for safe sacral screw placement: a cadaveric study
Authors: Tamagawa Shota , Okuda Takatoshi , Nojiri Hidetoshi , Sato Tatsuya , Momomura Rei , Ohara Yukoh , Hara Takeshi , Ishijima Muneaki
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

Previous reports have focused on the complications of L5 nerve root injury caused by anterolateral misplacement of the S1 pedicle screws. Anatomical knowledge of the L5 nerve root in the pelvis is essential for safe and effective placement of the sacral screw. This cadaveric study aimed to investigate the course of the L5 nerve root in the pelvis and to clarify a safe zone for inserting the sacral screw.

METHODS

Fifty-four L5 nerve roots located bilaterally in 27 formalin-fixed cadavers were studied. The ventral rami of the L5 nerve roots were dissected along their courses from the intervertebral foramina to the lesser pelvis. The running angles of the L5 nerve roots from the centerline were measured in the coronal plane. In addition, the distances from the ala of the sacrum to the L5 nerve roots were measured in the sagittal plane.

RESULTS

The authors found that the running angles of the L5 nerve roots changed at the most anterior surface of the ala of the sacrum. The angles of the bilateral L5 nerve roots from the right and left L5 intervertebral foramina to their inflection points were 13.77° ± 5.01° and 14.65° ± 4.71°, respectively. The angles of the bilateral L5 nerve roots from the right and left inflection points to the lesser pelvis were 19.66° ± 6.40° and 20.58° ± 5.78°, respectively. There were no significant differences between the angles measured in the right and left nerve roots. The majority of the L5 nerves coursed outward after changing their angles at the inflection point. The distances from the ala of the sacrum to the L5 nerve roots in the sagittal plane were less than 1 mm in all cases, which indicated that the L5 nerve roots were positioned close to the ala of the sacrum and had poor mobility.

CONCLUSIONS

All of the L5 nerve roots coursed outward after exiting the intervertebral foramina and never inward. To prevent iatrogenic L5 nerve root injury, surgeons should insert the S1 pedicle screw medially with an angle > 0° toward the inside of the S1 anterior foramina and the sacral alar screw laterally with an angle > 30°.
Des transitions aux transformations : Les interactions entre justice transitionelle et réforme constitutionelle. Document d'orientation 22
Authors: Cats-Baril Amanda
Published: December 2021

Avec la prévalence croissante des transitions politiques consécutives à des conflits internes, la justice transitionnelle et les processus de réforme constitutionnelle font l’objet d’une attention accrue en tant que domaines d’étude et d’intervention. Cependant, on ne s’est guère intéressé jusqu’ici à la manière dont ces deux domaines peuvent interagir pour poursuivre leurs objectifs respectifs et communs. Le fait que ces deux processus puissent coexister, et souvent, coexistent effectivement, est reconnu. Toutefois, les praticiens de ces domaines gagneraient à mieux comprendre cette coexistence ainsi que les facteurs qui l’influencent. Ce document d’orientation est une première étape vers une meilleure compréhension de la façon dont les synergies entre justice transitionnelle et réforme constitutionnelle peuvent être maximisées.
Les constitutions infra-étatiques dans les contextes fragiles et en situation de conflit : Document d'orientation no 15
Authors: Zulueta-Fülscher Kimana , Welikala Asanga
Published: December 2021

Les constitutions infra-étatiques sont des instruments juridiques écrits qui limitent et structurent le pouvoir politique au niveau infra-étatique et qui possèdent une suprématie juridique par rapport aux autres normes légales infra-étatiques. Leurs objectifs premiers sont de définir le système de gouvernement de l’entité infra-étatique mais aussi, souvent, de codifier les droits des citoyens en son sein. Elles peuvent également oeuvrer à la délimitation de la communauté politique et de son identité au niveau infra-étatique. Les entités infra-étatiques se définissent, quant à elles, comme parties intégrantes d’un pays ou d’un État, avec un territoire clairement délimité. Ce document d’orientation analyse les constitutions infra-étatiques dans les contextes fragiles et en situation de conflit (que ce soit dans des États fédéraux, unitaires ou hybrides) qui ont été adoptées à l’issue de la guerre froide après 1991. L’échantillon utilisé pour cette étude comporte dix pays : l’Afrique du Sud, la Bosnie-Herzégovine, les Comores (Anjouan), l’Éthiopie, l’Indonésie (Aceh et Papouasie), la Papouasie‒Nouvelle-Guinée (PNG, Bougainville), la Russie (Tchétchénie et Daghestan), la Somalie, le Soudan et le Soudan du Sud.
Integrating Islamic Values in Teaching English: Lessons Learned from an Integrated Islamic School
Authors: Alfian Alfian , Yusuf Muhammad , Nafiah Uyun
Published: December 2021

Learning English is very closely related to learning western culture, which might contrast with Islamic values, the dominant religion in Indonesia. This study finds merit in finding out the implementation of Islamic values in teaching English at an Integrated Islamic school in Indonesia, where the school chosen curriculum mandated that the subject be integrated with Islamic values since all the students are Muslim. This case study took place at an Integrated Islamic School, and the data were collected through interviewing seven English teachers and conducting a thematic analysis on their lesson plans. All the teachers admitted that integrating Islamic values in the English lesson was essential. Still, the thematic analysis showed that their perceptions about the importance of integrating Islamic values in English learning were not firmly in line with the implementation in the teaching and learning process. The teachers' lesson plans (RPP) did not depict substantial integration of Islamic values. This study recommends the practical ways of integrating Islamic that could improve teachers' understanding of Islamic values in English learning, additionally pointing out a need to develop the curriculum and teaching materials that incorporate Islamic values.
The value aspect of human development in Russia
Authors: Sobolev Eduard
Published: December 2021

The article examines how the moral values inherent to human-oriented economy are being shaped in actual Russian society.
For this purpose, the author analyzes the peculiarities and contradictions of the value aspect that were characteristic of the national human potential during the Soviet period as compared to the values of modern Russians. 
An assessment is made of feasibility and prospects for partial regeneration of the Soviet value system including non-acquisitiveness, disapproval of social inequality, respect for education, and striving for challenging job.
Strengthening food security based on the development of integration in the production and industrial processing of agricultural products
Authors: Yusupov Mukhiddin
Published: December 2021

The article examines the issues of strengthening food security based on the development and improvement of organizational and economic mechanisms of cluster and other integration structures in the chain of production, industrial processing and sale of agricultural products.
ICONIC ENCODING OF CORPOREALITY IN MODERN ENGLISH
Authors: Zaslonkina Anna
Published: December 2021

The literature on the unity of emotional, volitional, intellectual, and physical states within the holistic cognitive-semantic context of corporeality shows a variety of approaches. The originality of our solution lies in the fact that the object of the prеsеnt study is the domain of Grеimassian sеmiotic thеory (including the so-called thymic category) that has been further developed: Taking into consideration that people use basic-level concepts regularly, we hypothesised that thymic category members can be selected, given that these category members are yielding information on the semantics of perception in the elementary concepts of Modern English. The data obtained suggests that the information on the thymic category is conveyed by the conceptual triad SENSE : FEELING : EMOTION. Furthermore, cognitive and onomasiological features of the basic-level concepts have been analysed. Thus, the previous research has been extended by clarifying the semiotic structure of the thymic category in Modern English and presenting the results on the distribution of cognitive-onomasiological capability within the framework of derivatives of the verbalized conceptual triad SENSE : FEELING : EMOTION. The iconic character of this conceptual complex is one of the means of naïve worldview reconstruction in word-formation. Notably, the iconic aspect is marked by cognitive-semantic shift of the thymic-neuter indices of the conceptual thymic information to its thymic-extremal analogues. This could be a result of the fact that the shift of a given type is based on the correlation of evaluation of the sign-motivator and expressive-gnoseological functions of perception performed by the native speakers. The reconstruction of the thymic composites domain reveals that the motivators of sensory type prevail. Besides, the cognitive-semantic shift was detected: the motivators are represented by the derivatives of the verbalized concept SENSE, while the concept EMOTION is lacunary, a fortiori the composite words with feel and sensation constituents are semantically more mobile and expressive.
Key words: concept, corporeality, iconicity, semiosis, sign.
THE PECULIARITIES OF COMPILING THE “GERMAN-UKRAINIAN DICTIONARY OF TERMINOLOGY OF LIFE SAFETY”
Authors: Kiyko Svitlana
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the principles of compiling the “German-Ukrainian Dictionary of Terminology of Life Safety” and selection pecularities of the lexical material such as the principles of compliance with the goals and objectives of learning, frequency, word-forming value of the term, associative value, subjectivity and semantics. Compilation of the dictionary involves many stages: analysis of existing dictionaries, research of the needs of the addressee, determination of requirements and future characteristics of the dictionary, development of its macro- and microstructure, collection of lexical material, design of dictionary articles, selection of translation equivalents, ordering of the dictionary in accordance with the developed structure, editing, checking the compliance of the received product with the set goals.
The author offers the most productive and speed methods of compiling a dictionary with the help of BootCat generation program and Morphy program of paradigms synthesis, which allowed to single out 20,000 terms of the professional language of life safety in the shortest time and find their Ukrainian equivalents. The generation of a body of texts is carried out with S. Sharoff’s method, which provides the search for professional texts with the help of randomly combined four basic terms. This ensures the organization of a homogeneous selection of thematically related texts from the Internet (manuals, reference books, scientific articles, newspaper reports, instructions, sights, abstracts and annotations of articles, etc.). The obtained texts are processed with the help of the Morphy paradigm synthesis program, which automatically assigns all possible grammatical categories to each word in the sentence, and compiles the initial list of terminological dictionary. The next task is to provide equivalent words in the language of translation, able to accurately convey the semantics of the register word. Consequently, in the hands of the user of the dictionary, there is a certain linguistic model of the German professional language of life safety in its equivalent reproduction in the Ukrainian language. The presence of such an initial model will allow the user to perceive adequately scientific texts and, thus, successfully expand their scientific and conceptual apparatus in the future.
Key words: dictionary, term, German professional language of life safety, terminological system, lexicography, synthesis of paradigms.
PЕCULIARITIES OF ADVERTISEMENT STRUCTURING IN MODERN ENGLISH TOURISM DISCOURSE
Authors: Kolisnychenko Tetiana , Koropatnitska Tetiana
Published: December 2021

Nowadays tourism industry is one of the areas that facilitate the economic and cultural growth of the country. Tourism does not only open borders, acquaint with the cultural heritage, and expand “intellectual capacity”, it is a sphere where various suggestive means – subconsciously and consciously – are widely used. A tourist destination is popularized through advertising, so advertising texts in tourism advertising discourse – an institutional type of discourse focused on specifying within numerous tourism destinations and on reciprocal communication with recipients – are one of the key means of promoting tourism products.
The end goal of our paper is to pinpoint the basic structure of the modern English tourism advertisement and determine the correlation of its verbal and nonverbal components, the subject of the research is verbal and nonverbal means of reproducing tourism advertisement content. The goal can be achieved through the tasks aimed at analyzing the correlation of verbal and nonverbal and at the presentation of the basic framework of the modern English advertisement in tourism advertising discourse.
The results of the research proved that the peculiarity of advertising texts in modern English tourism advertising discourse is in the combination of informational, linguistic, socio-cultural, gender, and psychological components that altogether create a positively-marked tourism destination image in the recipient’s consciousness. The information in the advertisements is fragmented to avoid overwhelming recipients with “known” facts. The tourism destination advertisements have a basic structure of a visual component (arch-fragment) as a means of attracting the recipient’s attention and a verbal component: title (middle fragment), as a means of interest, and text (terminal-fragment), as the main means of suggestion.
Key words: modern English tourism advertising discourse, correlation, verbal component, non-verbal component, visual component.
Research of Ancient Ukrainian Sculpture in the Works of Kyiv Circles of the Early XX Century
Authors: Udris Iryna
Published: December 2021

Purpose of research. The need for a thorough scientific and theoretical consideration and generalization of the formation of systematic knowledge about the national forms of our art at the leading stages of historical development, is gaining relevance in modern domestic science of art. Among other things, it requires the study of the achievements of scientists in the study of national creative heritage in the field of sculpture of Kievan Rus and the Cossack times during the formation of scientific art history. The article is devoted to the process of formation of the concept of evolution of forms of sculpture of the old princely years and the Cossack era in the works of specialists of the early twentieth century.

The research methodology is based on a comprehensive historical and cultural approach, a systematic method, synchronous analysis of publications of one time period, structural analysis. This methodology allows us to consider the gradual formation of scientific views on the characteristic national differences and the direction of evolution of Ukrainian art of this period in the broader international context of artistic development.

The scientific novelty of the results is to determine the process of formation of objective ideas about the formal and semantic features, distinctive features and high artistic level of monuments of Ukrainian sculpture from ancient times to the end of the Cossack era based on analysis of publications of various trends of leading experts of the late XIX – XX centuries .: D. Ainalova, E. Redina, E. Kuzmina, F. Ernst, M. Makarenko, K. Shirotsky, S. Yaremich, V. Modzalevsky, F. Schmidt, devoted to the study of this branch of ancient Ukrainian art and in the context of the characteristics of the general development of fine arts, and as an independent subject of research. Conclusions. Ukrainian science of art of the early twentieth century. has achieved undeniable success in the study of national forms of domestic sculpture of ancient Slavic times, Kievan Rus and the seventeenth – eighteenth centuries. as the period of the highest prosperity. The considered material testifies to the high professional level of formation of the substantiated scientific concept of national self-sufficiency of ancient Ukrainian sculpture as an important component of the general art process at various stages of its development.
Health Pandemic and Experience of COVID-19 Infected Health Workers: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Das Diganta
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Due to the rapid spread of the COVID-19 disease, the world communities were faced extreme stress to deal with the pandemic. The World Health Organisation (WHO) was decided to declare COVID-19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. COVID-19 pandemic was brought extreme challenges on health workers including nurses and ward attendants’ work in the healthcare service. The objective of this study was to explored the impact on health workers of India. This study was conducted among nurses and ward attendants and they were known for their service through the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was included 20 respondents where 10 of them were nurses and the other 10 were ward attendants at the hospital. The interview method was used to collect the data, and the interviews were conducted between November 2020 and February 2021. The interviews were conducted over the phone. Data was analysed with the help of Graneheim’s qualitative content analytical approaches. This study found that health workers were faced anxiety, fear of death, social isolation, loss of hope about future, separation anxiety from family members, etc. They were faced with uncertainty of their own life and even family members due to higher death rate among health workers and also patients.
Wie reagieren Wähler auf Sparpolitik? Eine theoretische und empirische Annäherung an die elektoralen Kosten von Sparpolitik
Authors: Giger Nathalie
Published: December 2021

Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den Konsequenzen von Sozialstaatsabbau auf die Popularität der Regierung und deren Wiederwahlchancen. Während die Literatur gemeinhin von einer direkten Beziehung zwischen dem Abbau des Sozialstaats und elektoralen Verlusten ausgeht, zeigt dieser Aufsatz, dass ein solcher empirisch nur zu erwarten ist, wenn man eine Reihe von zusätzlichen Annahmen trifft. Diese Annahmen werden im Folgenden kritisch diskutiert. Insgesamt weist dieser Beitrag nach, dass Wähler auf Sparpolitik reagieren, die Mechanismen jedoch komplexer sind als bisher angenommen. So wird die Unzufriedenheit der Bürger nicht immer direkt im Wahlresultat sichtbar und Sozial- und Wirtschaftspolitik ist nicht per se mit besonderen elektoralen Konsequenzen verbunden.
The effects of non-Newtonian blood modeling and pulsatility on hemodynamics in the food and drug administration’s benchmark nozzle model
Authors: Good Bryan C.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an important tool for predicting cardiovascular device performance. The FDA developed a benchmark nozzle model in which experimental and CFD data were compared, however, the studies were limited by steady flows and Newtonian models.

OBJECTIVE:

Newtonian and non-Newtonian blood models will be compared under steady and pulsatile flows to evaluate their influence on hemodynamics in the FDA nozzle.

METHODS:

CFD simulations were validated against the FDA data for steady flow with a Newtonian model. Further simulations were performed using Newtonian and non-Newtonian models under both steady and pulsatile flows.

RESULTS:

CFD results were within the experimental standard deviations at nearly all locations and Reynolds numbers. The model differences were most evident at Re = 500, in the recirculation regions, and during diastole. The non-Newtonian model predicted blunter upstream velocity profiles, higher velocities in the throat, and differences in the recirculation flow patterns. The non-Newtonian model also predicted a greater pressure drop at Re = 500 with minimal differences observed at higher Reynolds numbers.

CONCLUSIONS:

An improved modeling framework and validation procedure were used to further investigate hemodynamics in geometries relevant to cardiovascular devices and found that accounting for blood’s non-Newtonian and pulsatile behavior can lead to large differences in predictions in hemodynamic parameters.
Periodontal Disease and Risk of Dementia in Medicare Patients with Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Malone Joseph , Jung Jeah , Tran Linh , Zhao Chen
Published: December 2021

Background: Periodontal disease and hepatitis C virus (HCV) represent chronic infectious states that are common in elderly adults. Both conditions have independently been associated with an increased risk for dementia. Chronic infections are thought to lead to neurodegenerative changes in the central nervous system possibly by promoting a proinflammatory state. This is consistent with growing literature on the etiological role of infections in dementia. Few studies have previously evaluated the association of periodontal disease with dementia in HCV patients. Objective: To examine whether periodontal disease increases the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) among HCV patients in Medicare claims data. Methods: We used Medicare claims data for HCV patients to assess the incidence rate of ADRD with and without exposure to periodontal disease between 2014 and 2017. Cox multivariate regression was used to estimate the association between periodontal disease and development of ADRD, controlling for age, gender, race, ZIP-level income and education, and medical comorbidities. Results: Of 439,760 HCV patients, the incidence rate of ADRD was higher in patients with periodontal diseases compared to those without (10.84% versus 9.26%, p < 0.001), and those with periodontal disease developed ADRD earlier compared to those without periodontal disease (13.99 versus 21.60 months, p < 0.001). The hazard of developing ADRD was 1.35 times higher in those with periodontal disease (95% CI, 1.30 to 1.40, p < 0.001) after adjusting for all covariates, including age. Conclusion: Periodontal disease increased the risk of developing ADRD among HCV patients in a national Medicare claims dataset.