bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spiritualitas Agama dan Masyarakat Modern (Eksistensi Tarekat Qadiriyah Wa Naqsyabandiyah Di Bandar Lampung)
Authors: Suhandi Suhandi
Published: August 2019

As a form of increasing tendency for the spirituality of the people, Indonesia has developed a wide range of orders, among which are the Qadiriyah wa naqsyabandiyah (so that they are included in the Muktabarah order). These orders are a combination of two orders (Qadiriyah and Naqsyabandiyah) performed by Sheikh Ahmad Khatib al-Sambasi al-Jawi, The dissemination of the teachings of the Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah in the Sambas district of West Kalimantan (originally Sheikh Ahmad Khatib al-Sambasi) by his two caliphs, namely Nur al-Din Shaykh of the Philippines and Shaykh Muhammad Sa'ad the original son of Sambas. In Bandar Lampung in particular TQN was held and developed in the Way Halim Bandar Lampung at the Al-Hikmah Boarding Board Foundation led by KH. Muhammad Shobari's father. After doing research using qualitative and quantitative approach (mixed methodes design). research begins with data collection activities and ends with data analysis. In data collection activities are used Quesioner Observation, Interview, documentation and dissemination methods. Once all the required data has been collected, it is analyzed using mixed methodes design. It was further concluded that the pattern of spiritual upliftment was made by the Qadiriyah wan Naqsyabandiyah (TQN) orders led by KH. Muhammad Sobari as chair of the Al-Hikmah Way Halim Bandar Lampung Boarding Foundation is emphasizing on the aspects of fasting and fasting that is practiced on a daily and weekly and monthly basis. In addition, the moral aspect of al-karimah is also a concern that is always taught by KH. Muhammad Sobari, both through the teachings of al-hasanah (in the form of lectures and advice) and through the example of trustworthiness exemplified in everyday life. So the Qadiriyah wan Naqsyabandiyah (TQN) rules are very influential to the spiritual growth of the pilgrims.
Evaluation of the Effect of Follower Jammer on the Mobile Bluetooth Network
Authors: Abdullah Abdulqadir Ismail , Al-Dalawie Adil Hussein
Published: August 2019

Bluetooth wireless communication technology has spread rapidly in the past 20 years. It has made life much easier with all the devices that use Bluetooth technology around us such as mobile phones, laptops, and watches. With all the good and useful applications of Bluetooth technology, it has been used in harmful and bad ways such as cheating in an examination. In this article, parameter design considerations have been discussed for a follower jammer to interrupt a Bluetooth network, especially when it is used in unauthorized way. The effects of the follower jammer were studied and tested. The effects were calculated for time and jamming-over-signal ratio for three different distances (1, 5, and 10 m). The testing showed that the follower jammer designed was successful in disrupting the Bluetooth signal.
Solving Isolated Nodes Problem in ZigBee Pro for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Hasan Nabaa Abdul-Khudhur , Kadhim F. Alaa
Published: August 2019

Wireless sensor network based on the ZigBee protocol consists of many sensor devices. In some cases, the sensor nodes may turn to isolated node because random distribution, particularly when creating the network. In this research was suggested two cases to overcome on the isolated node problem, the first case had able to overcome this problem by distributing the isolated nodes on the router nodes that carry the least number of sensor nodes, it helps to minimize the computational overhead on router nodes too, while the second one is able to overcome this problem by calculating the distance between the isolated nodes and the routers and then adds these nodes to the nearest routers. Subsequently, this method helps to minimize the energy consumption. The results show our approach able to solve the problem of isolated nodes using these two methods and when compared between them turns out the second method is better In terms of energy consumption. In addition, we are able to make the network larger scale.
Dietary Kaolin Clay in Pre- and Post-Weaned Piglets and Its Influence on Haematological and Biochemical Parameters, and Intestinal Microflora Status
Authors: Bederska-Łojewska Dorota , Pieszka Marek
Published: August 2019

The main aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of two experimental feed additives based on kaolin clay on piglets’ health and microbiota status. The experiment was divided into 2 parts – from birth up to weaning (28 d) and later after weaning up to 70 d of age. Eighteen litters of piglets with sows were divided into 3 groups: control, A and B. The animals from experimental group A were supplemented with kaolin clay (100%), while the animals from group B received kaolin clay enriched with dried pomace of chokeberry and fructooligosaccharides. We noted an improvement in blood parameters related to anaemia, which were significantly better in the experimental group B in comparison to the control and A group (haematocrit; 37.67 and 37.40 vs 39.65%; P<0.0005). The dietary treatments during pre-weaning time influenced the increase of the E. coli strain in the colon and jejunum and had no effect on lowering the population of Salmonella and Shigella in the colon. However, it affected the quantity of Salmonella and Shigella in the jejunum in both A and B (-20%) groups. The rise of commensal bacteria Lactobacillus (+2.3 and +10%) and Bacteroides (+5.82 and +5.11%) was observed in groups A and B in the colon. This effect was not present in the jejunum.
Genetic Variability in the Loci of FABP4, PPARγ and SCD Genes of Sheep Breeds Raised for Different Purposes
Authors: Kucharski Mirosław , Kaczor Urszula , Piórkowska Katarzyna
Published: August 2019

The present study was undertaken to analyse the genetic variation in coding sequences, splicing sites and regulatory sequences of FABP4, PPARγ and SCD genes in five breeds of sheep raised in Poland with different purposes: meat (Suffolk, Ile de France), dairy/prolific (Olkuska sheep, Kołuda) and primitive breeds (Polish Mountain Sheep). To identify genetic variability HRM-PCR, sequencing and PCR-RFLP method were used. Determining the genetic structure of the mentioned genes revealed six SNPs: FABP4 – c.73 + 13A>T and c.348 + 85G>A, PPARγ – c.391 – 66C>T (c.481 – 66C>T) and c.529 + 27G>C (c.619 + 27G>C), SCD – c.*945G>A and c.*1116A>G. For the c.*1116A>G SNP, a potential association with specific sheep body type and breeding purpose was found. In turn, the substitution c.*945G>A located in the regulatory region of the 3'-UTR of the Ovis aries SCD gene was identified for the first time. Based on the relationship demonstrated between sheep body constitution and productive type (dairy, meat) and the polymorphism of the SCD gene, further research is needed. The correlation between c.*1116A>G polymorphism and growth rate, slaughter and carcass value as well as meat quality of lambs needs to be studied in more detail. Such studies may lead to more effective selection processes in sheep breeding in the future.
The Genetic Basis of Piebald Coat Colour in Hucul Horses in the Context of White Markings and Crypto-Tobiano as a Breeding Problem in Poland
Authors: Pasternak Marta , Krupiński Jędrzej , Gurgul Artur , Bugno-Poniewierska Monika
Published: August 2019

The aim of the study was to analyse the genetic basis of piebald coat colour in Hucul horses and to verify their coat colour in breeding records. Tests were performed with DNA purified from the whole blood samples of 242 Hucul horses with different coat colour patterns. DNA was analysed to identify an inversion in ECA3 (PCR). The results confirmed that the inversion on ECA3 is a direct factor determining piebald (tobiano) colour in the analysed Hucul horses. No inversion was observed in any of the solid coloured horses, but it was present in all the piebald ones. It was also identified in 18% (11 of 61) of the horses from the group of horses qualified in the passport as solid coloured with white markings. In fact, these horses had the tobiano gene that is phenotypically identifiable as crypto-tobiano, which may give the false impression of having white markings and lead to error when describing a horse. This is an important issue, in particular with regard to the breed standard, which eliminates Hucul horses with white markings from breeding.
The Physiological Aspects, Technique and Monitoring of Slaughter Procedures and their Effects on Meat Quality – A Review
Authors: Borzuta Karol , Lisiak Dariusz , Janiszewski Piotr , Grześkowiak Eugenia
Published: August 2019

The aim of the paper was a review of the scientific achievements in physiological stunning and slaughtering mechanisms, control methods of consciousness and their effect on meat quality. Special attention was paid to neurophysiological phenomena that accompany the process of depriving consciousness before animal deaths using mechanical, electrical and gas stunning methods. These mechanisms are associated with cerebral hypoxia or ischemia or depolarization, acidification and the destruction of cerebral neurons. Such effects can be caused by shock waves, bleeding, electric fields, reduction or arrest of the circulation of blood in the brain, high CO2 level or low O2 level in inhaled air or by the mechanical damage of neurons. Some of the stunning methods cause immediate and some gradual consciousness loss. An important factor in the animals’ slaughtering process is the estimation of their consciousness level before bleeding. The indicators of consciousness during mechanical, electrical and gas stunning are discussed within this paper. It is pointed out that at least 2 indicators should be used when estimating animals’ consciousness after stunning, e.g. phonic and clonic limb movements and lack of breathing. Ten indicators to control the consciousness were described. The effect of stunning on meat quality is also discussed. It was found that the impact of this process on the quality is not clear. However, the prevailing view is that electric stunning causes effusions and blood haemorrhages in meat. Whereas gas stunning with a CO2 mixture diminishes the risk of PSE meat. Despite numerous scientific research on the slaughter process there is still deficiency in knowledge on losing consciousness mechanisms and feeling pain. It might be useful to extend the knowledge concerning neurotransmitters and use of magnetic resonance in future studies.
The Effect of Fermented Soybean Meal on Performance, Biochemical and Immunological Blood Parameters in Turkeys
Authors: Chachaj Robert , Sembratowicz Iwona , Krauze Magdalena , Stępniowska Anna , Rusinek-Prystupa Elżbieta , Czech Anna , Matusevičius Paulius , Ognik Katarzyna
Published: August 2019

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of different levels of fermented soybean meal on growth performance, intestinal morphology, metabolic indicators, and immunity in turkeys. The material for the study consisted of day-old BIG 6 turkeys raised to the age of 112 days. The experiment was carried out on 800 turkey hens (10 replications of 20 individuals each), assigned to 4 experimental groups of 200 birds each. The feed for the control group (FSBM0) was a standard mix without fermented soybean meal. For turkeys from groups FSBM7, FSBM9 and FSBM10 the diet contained 70, 90 or 100 g fermented soybean meal (FSBM) per kg of feed, respectively. The study showed that including fermented soybean meal in feed for turkeys at 7% improved intestinal histology and stimulated the immune and antioxidant systems. The use of higher level of FSBM (9% and 10%) in the diet of the turkeys improved growth performance and had a beneficial effect on the histology of the small intestine. The dietary inclusion of 10% FSBM had beneficial effect on red-blood-cell parameters, but caused negative impact on liver and kidney function (an increase of aminotransferases activity, content of glucose and creatinine in turkeys’ blood). Ten percent share of FSBM in feed contributed to an adverse intensification of oxidation and inflammatory reactions which were reflected by an increase of malonyldialdehyde, lipid peroxides level and proinflammatory inteleukine-6 contents.
Pre-Slaughter Handling Implications on Rabbit Carcass and Meat Quality – A Review
Authors: Składanowska-Baryza Joanna , Stanisz Marek
Published: August 2019

Procedures that result in poor welfare of animals are unacceptable to many people. Consumers have become demanding about the quality of meat, but are also concerned about animal welfare during the production, transport, and slaughter stages. There is a well-known, clear relationship between animal welfare and the quality of animal products. Improper handling of farmed animals contributes to low meat quality. This rule refers to all animals raised for meat, including rabbits. Fasting, loading for transport, long distance transport in difficult environmental conditions, improper stocking density, lying down during transport, lairage, and stunning methods may negatively affect the quality of rabbit meat. A general conclusion from reviewed scientific articles is that many pre-slaughter factors influence the physiological and productive measurements of rabbits, through the effect on their welfare. Because of the complexity of the rabbit meat production chain, the possibility of excluding all the defined stressors is limited.
Herbal Medicine Additives as Powerful Agents to Control and Prevent Avian Influenza Virus in Poultry – A Review
Authors: Gado Ahmed R. , Ellakany Hany F. , Elbestawy Ahmed R. , Abd El-Hack Mohamed E. , Khafaga Asmaa F. , Taha Ayman E. , Arif Muhammad , Mahgoub Samir A.
Published: August 2019

The complicated epidemiological situation of avian influenza viruses (AIV) caused by continuous emergence of new subtypes with failure of eradication, monitoring and vaccination strategies opens the door to alternative solutions to save the status quo and prevent new disasters for the poultry industry. Using of synthetic antiviral drugs such as neuraminidase and hemagglutinin inhibitors has been limited due to development of drug resistance and expensive commercial application. One of the most promising alternatives is herbal products and botanicals. This review presents a comprehensive and specialized view of in vivo studies of herbal plants in poultry species. Many herbal extracts as Nigella sativa oil, Astragalus, Cochinchina momordica and Sargassum pallidum polysaccharides proved very effective as adjuvants for AIV vaccines. Another beneficial role of herbs is enhancement of host response to vaccination with further better prevention of infection and easier control. For enumeration not inventory, this is best achieved with the use of virgin coconut oil, Echinacea purpurea, Ginseng stem-and-leaf saponins (GSLS), Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), Myrtus communis oil, Garlic powder, Turmeric, Thyme and Curcumin. This review aimed to evaluate most of the in vivo studies performed on poultry species as a step and a guide for scientists and field practitioners in establishment of new effective herbal-based drugs for prevention and control of AIV in poultry.
Multicriteria Decision-Making in Complex Quality Evaluation of Ladies Dress Material
Authors: Misra Srabani , Salacova Jana , Militky Jiri
Published: August 2019

Quality is the essence of any product for consumer satisfaction. However, different people have different perception of quality. Eventually the definition of quality varies from product to product and thus it is much more complex in textile clothing material evaluation. The end use application of a specific clothing material determines what should be the parameters of quality evaluation. Thus, the evaluation based on subjective assessment becomes unpredictable and unquantifiable. Quality for dress materials is not simply a physical parameter but something called as psycho-physical parameter. In recent times, many objective evaluation systems have been developed to evaluate the apparel grade textile materials with regard to their quality parameters. However, the evaluation does not involve enough statistical treatment of data so as to obtain a parametric weighted characterization of complex quality. The current work deals with parametric approach to complex quality evaluation based on multicriteria decision-making approach for ladies dress materials. The ladies dress materials are of numerous varieties and choices across the globe. The selection and marketing of these kinds of textile materials need to be given proper emphasis as it depends not only on physical parameters but also on climate, geography, ethnic group, market trend, age group, gender, and many such complex parameters, which are not quantifiable in absolute terms. In this study, woven fabrics used for ladies dress materials are collected from the market and they were evaluated for the consumer-oriented property parameters. A parametric approach is adopted to quantify the overall quality of these dress materials. Various objective techniques were used to evaluate the comfort and esthetic parameters. A complex quality index (CQI) was estimated with weighted combination of all the contributing parameters and total quality index was calculated. Selected consumers with different education level, age, and gender were interviewed to get a statistic of their opinion about quality parameters preferred by them. This complex quality index/degree of satisfaction shows very high correlation with subjective judgment. A CQI can be evaluated for each kind of clothing material looking into their applications.
Implantation and pregnancy outcome of Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to pirimiphos-methyl
Authors: Oyesola Tolulope , Iranloye Bolanle , Adegoke Olufeyi
Published: August 2019

Objective. This study was designed to investigate the effect of sublethal doses (10, 60, and 120 mg/kg of pirimiphos-methyl on implantation and pregnancy in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Pirimiphos-methyl is a pesticide widely used worldwide, especially in Africa to protect food against pests and has gained widespread acceptance.

Methods. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats used for this study had access to food and water ad libitum and were divided into a control group and three experimental groups based on dose of chemical given. The pregnant rats were given pirimiphos-methyl orally on days 1–5, 1–7, 7–18th day of gestation and from day 1 to term. Implantation studies were carried out on days 6 and 8 of pregnancy, while the fetal parameters were ascertained on day 19 of pregnancy and at term. Serum levels of progesterone and estradiol were measured on days 6, 8 and 19 of pregnancy.

Results. Sublethal administration of pirimiphos-methyl showed decreased number of implantation sites on days 6 and 8, fetal weight, crown-to-rump length, length of umbilical cord and placenta weight (day 19), birth weight, litter size and total number (at term) in rats administered with pirimiphos-methyl when compared with control.

Conclusion. Administration of pirimiphos-methyl resulted in a reduced implantation rate due to decreased uterine receptivity caused by an imbalance in the level of estradiol and progesterone and impaired reproductive outcome during pregnancy.
Ulmus minor bark hydro-alcoholic extract ameliorates histological parameters and testosterone level in an experimental model of PCOS rats
Authors: Hoseinpour Mohammad Javad , Ghanbari Alireza , Azad Nahid , Zare Ali , Abdi Shabnam , Sajadi Ensieh , Abbaszadeh Hojjat-Allah , Farahani Reza Mastery , Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin
Published: August 2019

Objective. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and multifactorial disease associated with female factor infertility. Ulmus minor bark (UMB) is one of the medicinal plants used in Persian folklore as a fertility enhancer. In the current study, we aimed to elucidate the effect of UMB hydro-alcoholic extract on histological parameters and testosterone condition in an experimental model of PCOS rats.

Methods. Thirty female rats were randomly divided into five groups: (1) control, (2) vehicle, (3) PCOS/50 mg [6 mg/kg dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) + 50 mg/kg UMB hydro-alcoholic extract], (4) PCOS/150 mg (6 mg/kg DHEA + 150 mg/kg UMB hydro-alcoholic extract), and (5) PCOS (6 mg/kg DHEA). All interventions were performed for 21 days. Afterwards, stereological analysis was done for determination of ovarian volume and follicle number. The serum level of testosterone was measured by ELISA kit.

Results. UMB hydro-alcoholic extract improved the total number of the corpus luteum in the treatment groups when compared to the PCOS group (p<0.05). PCOS/150 mg and PCOS/50 mg groups showed significantly lower total number of the primordial, primary, and secondary follicles as well as testosterone level compared to the PCOS group (p<0.05). The total number of antral follicles and volume of ovary did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusion. UMB extract may be an effective and good alternative in improving PCOS histo-logical and testosterone disturbances although further studies are warranted to confirm the safety of UMB plant in human.
Spatial relationship between the c-Fos distribution and enkephalinergic, substance P, and tyrosine hydroxylase innervation fields after acute treatment with neuroleptics olanzapine, amisulpride, quetiapine, and aripiprazole in the rat septum
Authors: Kiss Alexander , Osacka Jana
Published: August 2019

Objective. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the spatial relationship between the c-Fos immunoreactive cells elicited by an acute treatment with neuroleptics including amisulpride (AMI), olanzapine (OLA), quetiapine (QUE), and aripiprazole (ARI) and enkephalinergic (ENK), substance P (SP), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) innervation fields in the rat septum.

Methods. Male Sprague Dawley rats received a single injection of OLA (5 mg), ARI (10 mg), AMI (20 mg), QUE (15 mg/kg/b.w.). Ninety min after antipsychotics administration, the animals were transcardially perfused with a fixative and the brains cryocut into serial coronal sections of 35 µm thickness. The sections were processed for c-Fos staining using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex and visualized by nickel intensified diaminobenzidine to reach black endproduct. Afterwards, the sections were exposed to ENK, SP, and TH antibodies and the reaction product visualized by biotin-labeled fluorescent AlexaFluor 564 dye. The data were evaluated from the sections either simultaneously illuminated with fluorescent and transmission microscope beams or after merging the separately illuminated sections in the Adobe Photoshop 7.0 software.

Results. ENK, SP, and TH displayed characteristic spatial images formed by a dense accumulation of immunoreactive fibers and terminals on the both sides of the septum. A dense plexus of axons formed by ENK and SP immunopositive terminals were situated predominantly in the lateral, while TH ones more medial portion of the septum. QUE and AMI activated distinct amount of c-Fos expression in cells located within the SP-immunoreactive principal innervation field. The OLA effect on the c-Fos expression was very pronounced in the ventral TH-labeled principal innervation field including the space between the ENK field ventral portion and the dorsal margin of the accumbens nucleus shell. Generally, the occurrence of c-Fos cells in the ENK-immunoreactive principal innervation field, in comparison with the surrounding septal area, was less abundant after all of the four antipsychotics treatments.

Conclusion. The data of the present study indicate that ENK, SP, and TH innervation fields may influence separate populations of septal cells activated by AMI, OLA, QUE, and ARI and that each of these region-differently innervated cells may be associated with the functional heterogeneity of the individual lateral septal nuclei.
Sex and salt intake dependent renin-angiotensin plasticity in the liver of the rat
Authors: Pidikova Paulina , Svitok Pavel , Herichova Iveta
Published: August 2019

Objective. Epidemiological studies confirm that hypertensive patients respond differently to renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibition depending on their gender. The aim of present work is to focus on sex-dependent differences in RAS regulation under conditions of increased salt intake.

Method. To investigate RAS, we measured the expression of angiotensinogen (Agt) mRNA, angiotensin receptor type 1 (AT1) mRNA and mitochondria assembly receptor (MasR) in the liver of rats under control conditions and after feeding with a salt diet (2% NaCl). In parallel, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) mRNA was analyzed.

Results. Regression analysis revealed sex-dependent differences in the correlation between mRNA expression of AT1 and that of Agt, MasR and VEGF-A in both groups. There was a significant negative correlation between AT1 and Agt mRNA expression in the male control group, but this correlation disappeared in males exposed to a salt diet. In females, AT1 and Agt expression correlated only in the group exposed to the salt diet. In control males, there was a borderline trend to correlation between AT1 and MasR mRNA expression. The correlation between AT1 and VEGF-A mRNA expression was significant only in the control females, however, after exposure to a salt diet, this correlation diminished.

Conclusions. We hypothesize that RAS components expression is compensated differently in males and females. The observed loss of compensatory relationships in RAS between AT1 and Agt and AT1 and MasR in male rats under a salt diet can contribute to the differences observed in human with hypertension associated with an unhealthy diet.
Efficacy and safety of dulaglutide in patients with absolute insulin deficiency
Authors: Kutoh Eiji , Hayashi Jyunka , Kuto Alexandra N.
Published: August 2019

Objective. While dulaglutide has been approved inpatients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in combination with insulin, it has not been studied in insulin-deficient patients, not whether they have type 1 diabetes (T1DM) or T2DM. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of dulaglutide 0.75 mg/once weekly (QW) in patients with absolute insulin deficiency (n=10).

Subjects and Results. Significant reductions of HbA1c (9.30±1.03% to 8.61±1.21%; p<0.02) and body mass index (BMI; 23.61±3.95 to 23.41±4.24; p<0.02) levels were observed at 3 months with the addition of dulaglutide to the existing pharmacotherapy. However, in all the patients, post-meal C-peptide levels remained undetectable. One patient had gastrointestinal adverse events and discontinue dulaglutide within the first month. One patient was a non-responder, who had little if any changes in HbA1c levels at 3 months.

Conclusions. The results indicate that dulaglutide is effective in patients with T1DM or T2DM with absolute insulin deficiency, though gastrointestinal adverse events might be of concern. The improvements in glycemic control could not be due to enhanced insulin secretion, but may be as a result of a combination of the other effects of glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1), such as postprandial glucagon suppression, delayed gastric emptying, and weight loss.
Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Farrugia Frederick-Anthony , Charalampopoulos Anestis
Published: August 2019

Pheochromocytomas are rare tumors originating in the adrenal medulla. They may be sporadic or in the context of a hereditary syndrome. A considerable number of pheochromocytomas carry germline or somatic gene mutations, which are inherited in the autosomal dominant way. All patients should undergo genetic testing. Symptoms are due to catecholamines over production or to a mass effect. Diagnosis is confirmed by raised plasma or urine metanephrines or normetanephrines. Radiology assists in the tumor location and any local invasion or metastasis. All the patients should have preoperative preparation with α-blockers and/or other medications to control hypertension, arrhythmia, and volume expansion. Surgery is the definitive treatment. Follow up should be life-long.
Semantics and pragmatics of the lexemeposledný[the last] in discursive contexts
Authors: Sokolová Jana
Published: August 2019

The study attempts to interpret meanings of the Slovak lexemeposledný[the last]. The study is based on the fact that the lexeme has two kinds of semantic valence; that of a sequence element and that of a sequence. In the language picture of the world, this lexeme anticipates ideas of a wide range of collocates and syncretism of several types of sequence. Analyses are based on the invariant meaning of the lexeme “the last” (‘such an X that is not followed by any other’) and on corpus data. The data are used in order to determine how types of collocates in the constructions with ‘last’ do reflect modifications of the invariant meaning, how they are being specified referentially, and how they develop semantic and pragmatic inferences, by means of which they facilitate realization of specific semantic occurrences. Since the lexeme has an anthropological basis, it is expected that various portions and efficiency of the subjective factor will be found. The aim of the study is to present the paradigm of the meanings of the lexemeposlednýwhich are both context-bound and characterized by oscillation between description and qualification. Being a part of noun phrases, these meanings reflect linguistics of constructions as well as syntactic and communicative functions of the lexeme. The aim of the study is also either to confirm or disprove the equal position of the lexemesposlednýandostatný.
Adverbial intensifiers in contemporary Polish and Slovak
Authors: Sojda Sylwia
Published: August 2019

The paper discusses the intensifying functions of some lexical units derived from adverbs in a cross-linguistic Polish-Slovak perspective. The expression of intensification in Polish and Slovak has not been widely explored, which is why the present paper aims to point out a few aspects of this phenomenon in two closely related Slavic languages, which may contribute to help fill this gap. Intensification is without doubt a very interesting, pervasive and complex phenomenon in linguistics and is understood here as the process of quantitative change of a feature, activity or state. That change refers to the increase and decrease in intensity of a feature/activity/state according to an approved canon. The components of the category of intensification are therefore both, intensifying and deintensifying. Therefore, it is also postulated that a class of intensifiers/deintensifiers should be distinguished as means of intensification/deintensification. Intensifiers have also been a long fruitful topic of investigation in sociolinguistic research: on one hand intensification systems are unstable and tend to change rapidly in any speech community and on the other, the use of intensifiers tends to vary across demographic categories, especially age and gender. Intensification can also be researched due to ‘delexicalization’, which is defined as the reduction of the independent lexical contents of a word, or group of words, so that it comes to fulfil a particular function – the original meaning of the word is gradually lost as it evolves into a marker of intensification. The paper aims also to show that the more delexicalized an intensifier becomes, the more it will lose its lexical restrictions and increase in frequency. Through frequency of use and over time, intensifiers tend to lose their intensifying force and the renewal process occurs. This process promotes other adverbs, be they newly created adverbs or already existing ones, to the rank of intensifiers – it seems that the class of intensifiers may be an open class. The undertaken analysis has shown that there are a number of aspects which can be considered while describing intensifiers.
Lexical Atlas of the Russian Dialects – a new step to Slavonic linguogeography
Authors: Dvornická Ľubica
Published: August 2019

The methods of geolinguistics offer the possibility to study the geographical spread of dialect phenomena. The paper focuses on the presentation of the new Russian linguogeographic work Lexičeskij atlas russkich narodnych govorov [Lexical Atlas of the Russian National Dialects], namely the first volume – Planthood. Some aspects of the atlas conception are compared with other atlas works that are known and used or even prepared in the Slovak linguistic context: Atlas slovenského jazyka [Atlas of the Slovak Language], Český jazykový atlas [Czech Linguistic Atlas] and partially Slovanský jazykový atlas [Slavic Linguistic Atlas]. These works represent different periods in the development of linguistic geography methodology, so they represent different linguogeographic concepts.
Effectiveness of Automatic Correction of Systematic Effects in Measuring Chains
Authors: Dorozhovets Mykhaylo
Published: August 2019

The uncertainty of measurements associated with the following correction methods: advanced correction of additive linear drift, correction of additive and multiplicative effects, as well as joint correction of a linear drift and systematic additive and multiplicative effects is analyzed in the present article. For each correction method sensitivity coefficients and amplitude responses according to which noise and internal and external interferences influence the corrected measurement result have been determined. Besides uncertainty of reference quantities, the main factors which limit the efficiency of correction are: non-linearity of measurement function including non-linearity of ADC, no idealities of the switching systems and external and internal noises and periodic interferences. The efficiency of correction of systematic additive and multiplicative effects was studied for the multifunction 16 bit PCI DAQ of family NI 6250.
Experimental Measurement of Nanolayers via Electromagnetic, Near Infrared, and Gamma Radiation
Authors: Fiala Pavel , Bartušek Karel , Dědková Jarmila , Kadlec Radim , Dohnal Přemysl
Published: August 2019

We discuss and compare the results obtained from experimental measurements of a two-layer, Ni and TiO2 nanometric structure deposited on siliceous glass. Utilizing previous theoretical models of multilayers or periodic systems and their verifications, the paper focuses on measurement in the NIR, visible, UV, X-ray, and gamma bands of the electromagnetic spectrum; the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave is respected. The proposed evaluation comprises a brief description of a Snell’s law-based semi-analytic model of electromagnetic wave propagation through a layered material. We also demonstrate the expected anti-reflective and shielding effects in the X-ray and gamma-ray bands, respectively.
Evaluation of Damage Indices for Rectangular Concrete-filled Steel Tube Structures
Authors: Guan Minsheng , Lin Siying , Du Hongbiao , Cui Jie , Yan Taizhou
Published: August 2019

The paper aims to select a simple and effective damage index for estimating the extent of damage of rectangular concrete-filled steel tube (RCFT) structures subjected to ground motions. Two experimental databases of cyclic tests conducted on RCFT columns and frames are compiled. Test results from the database are then used to evaluate six different damage indices, including the ductility ratio (μ), drift ratio, initial-to-secant stiffness ratio (DKJ
), modified initial-to-secant stiffness ratio (Dms
), energy coefficient (E), and the combined damage index (DPA
) as a benchmark indicator. Selection criteria including correlation, efficiency, and proficiency are utilized in the selection process. The optimal alternative for DPA
is identified on the basis of a comprehensive evaluation. The evaluations indicate that Dms
previously proposed by some of the authors is the most appropriate substitution of DPA
, followed by the drift ratio. For the case of the slenderness ratio less than or equal to 30, the same grades of relation between the investigated damage indices and the benchmark are observed. However, in the case of the slenderness ratio larger than 30, the drift ratio tends to be the optimal alternative. In most cases, μ is proved to be an inadequate replacement of DPA
.
The impact of demographic and clinical characteristics on diabetic painful neuropathy
Authors: Assunção António , Campos Dina , Marques Rui , Cunha Inês , Santos Patrícia , Martins Adriana , Gonçalves Ana Sofia , Rebelo Ana , Lima Carolina , Matos César , Prata Ana Cristina , Teixeira José Tiago , Duarte Luís , Belo Mariana , Figueiredo Patrícia , Rosa Tiago Letras
Published: August 2019

Introduction. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the most devastating complications of diabetes mellitus; however, in contrast to other countries, there are no scientific studies in Portugal evaluating the impact of demographic and clinical characteristics of this pathological entity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of gender, metabolic control, age of diabetic patients, as well as time of disease progression, the appearance of complaints related to neuropathic pain.

Material and methods. A multicentre study with a non-probabilistic, convenience sample of 359 patients was performed employing the quantitative method, using the Statistical Package for Social Science 24 software. The p-value of p < 0.05 was defined to consider a result statistically significant. The Spearman correlation coefficient (r) was determined to determine the relationship between categorical variables.

Results. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of DN between genders (p = 0.633 and r = 0.025). There was a statistically significant relationship between the value of HbA1c and DN, with p = 0.010 and r = 0.136. There is a relationship between age and complaints of neuropathic pain, with p = 0.034 and r = 0.112. The variable, time of disease progression, is also correlated with the appearance of complaints of neuropathic pain with p = 0.020 and r = 0.112.

Conclusion. The prevalence of neuropathic pain in subjects with diabetes is not negligible and is associated with modifiable risk factors that can be identified, possibly modified and prevented. The correct approach for these patients, which involves screening and early treatment, is decisive improving functionality and quality of life.
Correlations between weather parameters, atmospheric hydrogen sulphide level and vitamin B12 administration to H2S exposed workers
Authors: Borcan Livia-Cristina , Borcan Florin , Păuncu Elena-Ana , Tomescu Mirela Cleopatra
Published: August 2019

Hydrogen sulphide, a highly toxic gas, can be used in crenotherapy to balance all metabolic processes (minerals, fats and proteins). The main aims of this study were to correlate the weather characteristics with the atmospheric H2S level and to evaluate the antidote activity of B12 Vitamin in the case of prolonged exposure to this compound. 46 volunteers, people from the medical staff of an important Romanian thermal water spring spa, with professional exposure at H2S, were enrolled in this study; numerical data about their blood pressure, atmospheric H2S concentration and about the weather conditions were collected every month for one year. The results indicate an improvement in the blood pressure of volunteers treated with Vitamin B12; no significant correlation between the concentration of total urinary sulphur and the concentration of atmospheric H2S level was found.
Health particularities of the employees of clothing factories
Authors: Meșina Victor , Friptuleac Grigore
Published: August 2019

We present the particularities of the morbidity with temporary labor incapacity (TLI) of the employees of confection factories during the years 2011 - 2017. We placed emphasis on the risk factors affecting the health of the employees. It is an established fact that the main risk factors are unfavorable microclimate, vibration, dust, noise, and others. Morbidity with TLI according to frequency index (IFc) has practically a constant character. The highest level of IFc was registered in 2013, reaching 93.3 cases per 100 workers, while the severity index being oscillatory in nature constituted 1311.2 days in 100 workers in the same year. Both indices have shown a growth trend towards the end of 2017. The average duration of a case remained at the same level of 13-14 days. There were also particularities of morbidity based on gender, profession, etc. The data obtained can be the basis for the elaboration of the prophylaxis measures.
Prostate cancer: an occupational hazard in Romania?
Authors: Mateș Dana , Calotă Violeta Claudia , Oțelea Marina Ruxandra , Csiki Irma Eva , Rașcu Ștefan Alexandru , Staicu Cătălin Alexandru , Suciu Nicoleta , Voinoiu Angelica , Iordache Paul D. , Rașcu Agripina , Mateș Ioan Nicolae , Manolescu Andrei , Jinga Viorel
Published: August 2019

Several occupational carcinogens (arsenic, cadmium) and industries (rubber production) have been associated with prostate cancer risk but most of the data are from studies conducted on screened populations. Here we explored this association in Romanian men, a population with low PSA screening test coverage. We have analyzed 468 prostate cancer cases pathologically confirmed and 495 non-cancer hospital controls, recruited in the ROMCAN project. Personal information, including occupational activity, was collected through interview. Two experts classified jobs and activities into 15 economic sectors with similar patterns of exposure. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ever employed in each economic sector and prostate cancer risk. We observed a higher non adjusted risk for employment in electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply activities (OR=3.95, p=0.029), manufacturing–light industry (OR=1.88, p=0.039), financial, insurance and gambling (OR=1.44, p=0.046) and a lower risk for employment in construction industry (OR=0.62, p=0.010). After adjusting for potential confounders, only the low risk in construction workers was maintained (OR=0.55, p=0.004). Our study provides some evidence on the role of occupational factors on the prostate cancer risk but further assessments are needed. Healthy lifestyle promotion and prevention should be reinforced at workplaces.
Diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes – from pathological mechanisms to clinical occupational medicine practice
Authors: Oțelea Marina Ruxandra , Dragu Daniela
Published: August 2019

Employees with diabetes and nephropathy need special medical surveillance that involves occupational medicine specialists. However, diabetes is not a unique phenotype and each patient need to be carefully assessed. Age, gender, body mass index, renal function impairment (eGFR, creatinine, urea, uric acid), indicators of diabetes control (fasting glycaemia and HbA1C), the presence of co-morbidities, dyslipidaemia, level of serum albumin and total protein, cytokines and other inflammatory markers should be considered in a comprehensive evaluation of the severity of the chronic kidney disease and of the treatment plan. Chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes has many facets and various degrees of severity; therefore, permanent communication between the occupational medicine specialist and the treating physician should be maintained. For this purpose, this article reviews the current pathological mechanisms proposed for the explanation of the chronic kidney disease, the diagnostic and the general therapeutic recommendations and also the possible occupational interventions in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy.
The need to improve screening and diagnostic methods in occupational irritant dermatitis
Authors: Rașcu Alexandra Maria , Oțelea Marina Ruxandra , Giurcăneanu Călin
Published: August 2019

Modern medicine has increasingly directed its interest towards discovering the etiology of occupational dermatitis, but unfortunately it is not completely elucidated. As with other occupational diseases, the presence of the exposure and the temporal relation between the exposure and the appearance of the characteristic signs is a defining element, but obtaining the information on the etiological factors is not always easy, therefore the attention must be directed to a systematic collection of these data. Clinical diagnosis is not sufficient, so additional paraclinical tests are needed for a complete diagnosis. Currently, more and more emphasis is being placed on experimental studies targeting the discovery of molecular or genetic markers that complement the idea of individual susceptibility in the appearance of contact dermatitis. As frequent as it is difficult to diagnose, occupational dermatitis is still a public health problem.
الانقلاب الدستوري في اليمن عام 1948
Authors: Ibrahim Hariwan Y.
Published: August 2019

تسلط هذه الدراسة الضوء على الاحداث مهم في تاريخ اليمن والمنطقة وهو الانقلاب الدستوري 1948، والتي تعد محاولة جيدة من قبل المعارضة اليمنية للتخلص من النظام الامامي الاستبدادي. كما كان لهذا الحدث من اهمية ليس على المستوى اليمني الداخلي وانما على المستوى الخارجي ايظاً، تباينت مواقف الدول الاقليمية والعضمى من الانقلاب مابين الرفض والضد والتأييد والدعم للانقلاب.

استهدف البحث دراسة الواقع الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والسياسي لليمن قبل الانقلاب وكيفية تمكن المعارضة اليمنية من احداث الانقلاب وكيفية تمكن المعارضة اليمنية من احداث الانقلاب، كذلك دراسة مواقف الدول الاقليمية من الانقلاب.
تحليل وقياس العبئ الضريبي على الترفيعات والعلاوات لرواتب موظفي القطاع العام في العراق
Authors: Shahin Van M.
Published: August 2019

في الدول الريعية التي تعتمد على الريع في تمويل نفقاتها العامة يكون الاهتمام بالقواعد والقوانين التي تحكم النظرية الضريبية منخفضةٌ بالنتيجة تظهر لنا مشكلات ضريبية كثيرة منها التهرب والازدواج والتشوه في توزيع العبئ الضريبي. وفي هذا البحث سلط الباحث الضوء على التشوه الحاصل في توزيع عبئ الاستقطاع الضريبي على رواتب الموظفين الحكوميين لسنة 2015 للدرجات الوظيفية الثمانية بحكم ان الدرجة التاسعة والعاشرة غير خاضعة للأستقطاع الضريبي وذلك من خلال الاعتماد على معايير حديثة في قياس العدالة في توزيع العبئ الضريبي (معدل الضريبة الحدي والمتوسط) وقد تبين من خلال البحث ان هناك تشوه كبير في توزيع عبئ الاستقطاع الضريبي على الاضافات التي تحدث على رواتب الموظفين بما لايناسب مع رواتبهم الاسمية التي يستلمونها.
أستعمال أستراتيجية التعلم المدمج في مادة الهندسة وأثره في التفكير الهندسي والتحصيل لدى طلبة قسم الرياضيات في كلية التربية الأساسية في جامعة دهوك
Authors: Mohammed Ali Bhar Q.
Published: August 2019

يهدف البحث التعرف على أستعمال أستراتيجية التعلم المدمج في مادة الهندسة وأثره في التفكير الهندسي والتحصيل لدى طلبة قسم الرياضيات فـي كليـة التربيـة الاساسـية بجامعة دهوك، وللتحقق من هدف البحث استخدمت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي حيث طبقت التجربة على عينة مؤلفة من (85) طالب وطالبة من المرحلة الثانية تم اختيارها قصديا من كلية التربية الاساسية-قسم الرياضيات في جامعة دهوك للعام الدراسي (2019-2018) ثم وزعت بالأسلوب العشوائي الى مجموعتين متكافئتين احدهما تجريبية مؤلفة من (40) طالبا وطالبة ، درست باستخدام أستراتيجية التعلم المدمج ، وأخرى ضابطة مؤلفة من (45) طالبا وطالبة درست باستخدام الطريقة الاعتيادية ، واعتمدت الباحثة على اختبار جاهز اعده جواد(2011) للتفكير الهندسي مكون من (45) فقرة بعد التحقق من الخصائص السيكومترية للاختبار كما اعدت الباحثة اختبارا تحصيليا مكوناً من (20)فقرة طبق على عينة البحث ، وتم تحليل البيانات بحساب المتوسط الحسابي والاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين ، وأظهرت النتائج الاتي:

وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسطي درجات مجموعتي البحث وبهذا فإن الطلبة الذين يدرسون وفق استراتيجية التعلم المدمج تفوقوا على الطلبة الذين يدرسون على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية في اختبار التفكير الهندسي.

عدم وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسطي درجات مجموعتي البحث في مستوى التفكير الهندسي الأدراكي.

عدم وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسط درجات مجموعتي البحث في المستوى التحليلي.

وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسطيدرجات مجموعتي البحث في مستوى التفكير الهندسي الترتيبي.

وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسطي درجات مجموعتي البحث في مستوى التفكير الهندسي الأستنتاجي.

وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسطي درجات مجموعتي البحث في اختبار التحصيل, وبهذا فان المجموعة التي درست على وفق استراتيجية التعليم المدمج تفوقوا على المجموعة التي درست على وفق الطريقة الأعتيادية في الاختبار التحصيلي.