bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Международный опыт стимулирования предложения труда пожилых людей в контексте цифровой трансформации и его ценность для Китая (в печати)
Authors: Сяося Чжан
Published: April 2024

Актуальность. Для того чтобы смягчить cпроблемы сокращения рабочей силы и усиления финансового бремени, вызванного старением населения, некоторые развитые страны проводят политические реформы, направленные на развитие ресурсного потенциала пожилых людей, предоставляют им возможность участия в образовательных программах, нацеленных на повышение их цифровой грамотности в условиях цифровой трансформации современного общества. Эти позитивные национальные инициативы уже принесли определенные результаты, они являются примером для Китая в реагировании на старение населения. Цель: обобщить опыт повышения отдачи от ресурсного потенциала пожилых людей в экономически развитых странах, извлечь из него уроки и сформулировать предложения для Китая по реагированию на старение населения. Методы. Проанализированы статистические данные о реагировании Японии, Германии и Сингапура на старение населения, с помощью метода дедукции обобщена логика успеха этих стран по раскрытию трудового потенциала пожилых людей Результаты. Обобщен опыт действий Японии, Германии и Сингапура в развитии ресурсного потенциала пожилых людей в контексте старения общества и цифровизации экономики, выявлены основные факторы их успеха. Предложены рекомендации по интеграции описанного опыта в развития резусного потенциала пожилых людей в Китае. Выводы. Устойчивость пенсионной системы, политика содействия занятости пожилых людей, развитие системы образовательных услуг для пожилых людей являются необходимыми предпосылками для развития их резусного потенциала в стареющем социуме. Инклюзивная цифровая среда и цифровая грамотность пожилых людей создают условия для роста доверия пожилых людей к современному рынку труда и повышения уровня их участия в рабочей силе. Синергия усилий правительства, работодателей, семей, а также самих пожилые люди стимулирует предложение труда пожилых людей в стареющем социуме.
Effect of Shelf Life on Physicochemical and Biochemical Parameters of Camel Milk
Authors: LANKRI Elhassen , BOUDOUR Khedidja , BELABDI Ibrahim , BOUHROUM Nassima , AICHOUNI Ahmed
Published: April 2024

Background: Animal feed, environmental conditions and the lactation period are the main factors affecting the composition of camel milk. Methods: In this study, samples from eight (8) camels were collected according to hygiene standards to determine the physico-chemical and biochemical parameters of milk during storage at ambient temperature. pH, titratable acidity, density, total dry matter, ash, fat, protein and vitamin C were determined. Result: The results of the physico-chemical analyses indicate a pH of 5.98±0.30, a titratable acidity of 17.51±1.35°D and a density of 1.01±0.02 after 24 hours of storage at ambient temperature. At the same time, biochemical analyses show an ash content of 7±0.58 g/l, a fat content of 50.09±5.97 g/l and a protein content of 2.31±0.21%. The total dry matter content of camel milk is 129.27±11.31 g/l. The vitamin C content is 41.89±4.51 mg/l. Monitoring of the pH changes of camel milk during storage at room temperature (22±6°C) showed low acidification of camel milk after 24 storage, confirmed by the statistical study which revealed a non-significant difference in pH (p greater than 0.41). While after 24 hours, the differences are significant for pH, dornic acidity and vitamin C content (p less than 0.0001). The remaining ingredients (dry matter, fat, ash) experienced a non-significant progressive decrease (p greater than 0.05). A still non-significant decrease in protein content occurred during the first two days of storage. From the second day, the difference became significant (p less than 0.001). The study of density variation showed a slight non-significant increase (p greater than 0.15) over time. These results have allowed us to confirm that the analyzed camel milk, has a number of particularities in its chemical and physical composition, which prolongs its shelf life.
Estilo de vida saudável e a qualidade de vida relacionada a saúde do diabético: estudo intervencional
Authors: Damasceno da Silva Nélia , Oliveira Damaceno Márcia , Andrade Abdala Gina , Moura Eliézer Guimarães , Dias Meira Maria Dyrce
Published: April 2024

Introdução: a Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) é uma doença crônica não transmissível que reduz a qualidade de vida do indivíduo. Como prevenção, cita-se a modificação do estilo de vida e controle dos fatores de risco. Os programas de prevenção primária do DM2 baseiam-se, predominantemente, em intervenções na dieta e na prática de atividades físicas.
Objetivo: analisar a influência de uma intervenção comportamental do estilo de vida saudável na qualidade de vida de diabéticos.
Metodologia: estudo descritivo, de intervenção comportamental, não randomizado, com abordagem quantitativa por meio de Oficinas educativas semanais. Ocorreu na Cidade de Cachoeira, onde 21 pacientes foram avaliados antes e após as oficinas educativas. Utilizou-se o instrumento de Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde para Diabéticos (QVRS), D-39 e o questionário de Estilo de Vida FANTASTICO, além dos dados sociodemográficos dos participantes.
Resultados: Houve predomínio do sexo feminino (76,2%), média de idade desse grupo foi entre 60 a 79 anos (57,1%), cor da pele referida parda (71,4%) e 61,9% eram sem instrução. A glicemia e o escore médio do estilo de vida FANTASTICO apresentaram melhores resultados. Nos domínios do D-39, 15 dos 39 itens da escala foram melhorados, após a intervenção, com significância estatística (p < 0,05).
Conclusão: na visão geral das avaliações apresentadas, infere-se que o estilo de vida saudável pode impactar positivamente na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde do paciente com DM2.
Practical network topology in the study of online radicalisation of youth: opportunities and limitations
Authors: Zubok Yulia , Karpova Anna , Savelev Aleksei
Published: April 2024

The paper presents key approaches to understanding and researching radicalisation, as well as the opportunities and limitations of applying some research methods to model network topology and assess content similarity of online communities. Today, Web Mining and AI methods and technologies are often applied in research on social networks and youth participation in them. However, the question how these approaches can be effectively used to study online radicalisation remains open. The answer to this question should increase the explanatory and predictive power of computational models for detecting and predicting radicalisation in the online space. In much of the Russian research on online radicalisation, a common approach has been to reduce the task of identifying the interconnectedness of individual online communities or clusters of them to assessing the degree of similarity in terms of subscribers or linguistic markers. This approach is limited in predicting new connections between communities and justifying radicalisation pathways, but is relevant in modelling information diffusion. In this paper, the authors aim to demonstrate the possibilities and limitations of applying the tf-idf, doc2vec methods to assess the content similarity of online communities without signs of radicalisation and online communities with signs of radicalisation. This approach allowed the authors to identify communities with a significant tendency to unite (to establish direct links). The paper presents the results of the comparative study in the form of social graphs formed according to the principles of subscriber commonality, similarity of significant words, and contextual similarity based on the doc2vec model. The social graph based on doc2vec method performed better in terms of clustering of online communities as well as interpretability of the results. This is crucial for detecting and predicting radicalisation online, as it opens the prospect of exploring the nature of assortativity in the observed network.
Russian sociologists on the foundations of solidarity: subjectivity, predictability and common feelings
Authors: Sirazetdinova Miliausha
Published: April 2024

Each concept of solidarity emphasises certain grounds and factors of solidarisation of society, linking them to social changes or, on the contrary, to the constants of human existence. In periods of social change, not only a decrease or increase in the degree of social consolidation takes place, but also a weakening of some forms of solidarity and the formation of others. The purpose of this study is to identify the bases of solidarity related to sociality and anthropological parameters of being. Although forms of solidarity change from society to society and at different historical stages of their development, no society remains viable and progressive in the absence of solidarity. The present study of the foundations of solidarity goes beyond both traditional sociological concepts of integration and disintegration, of normal society and anomie, and psychological theories of group needs and self-expression, that describe only the immediate preconditions and effects of solidarity. The author relies on secondary analysis of sources and theoretical analysis of sociological concepts of sociality and social reproduction. The research materials include publications by Russian scholars from the 19th century, when the first concepts of sobornost', omnipresence and positivist-practical interpretations of solidarity emerged in Russian sociology, to the present day, devoted to the issues of conditions for the formation of solidarity, consolidation and deconsolidation of society. The author identifies explicitly and implicitly present in the sources of understanding about the foundations of solidarity related to the constants of human existence and sociality: subjectivity, predictability and commonality of feelings. The subjectivity of social actors as the highest, reflexive level of subjectivity determines their ability and will to social creativity and actions in favour of the social whole. The predictability of the social environment ensures the majority's adherence to acceptable common rules, belief in common values on the basis of mutual trust and justice. Mutual aid and altruism within solidarity communities are considered as impossible without the third foundation of solidarity - the community of feelings of social subjects, associated with the commonality of their life worlds.
Ethno-social portrait of young people in Tuva
Authors: Balakina Galina , Anayban Zoya
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of social behaviour of young people of the Tuva Republic belonging to the main ethnic groups of the region (Tuvinians and Russians), challenges and risks of their adaptation to modern living conditions. The relevance of the research topic is due to the importance of youth for the development of Russian society, including at the regional level. The aim of the work is to identify the peculiarities of the dynamics of young people's value attitudes in the sphere of professional and labour employment, as well as the peculiarities of young people's adaptation to market processes. In this regard, the authors separately consider the models of youth adaptation to new market realities, as well as the dynamics of formation of socio-cultural types of youth groups. A special place is given to the study of the specificity of value priorities of young people, the forms and content of which to a certain extent differ from the values of previous generations. The presented research was carried out using the methods of system analysis of socio-economic processes in the region, analysis of data from sociological surveys of young Tuva residents using special computer programs (SPSS). Based on the comparative retrospective analysis of the materials of the studies conducted under the authors' supervision in 2010, 2015 and 2021, the conclusion is made about the specifics of the formation of values of young people in the Republic of Tuva, which should be taken into account when designing regional social development programmes. The authors found a gradual transformation of the models of social adaptation of the new generation to modern realities, the transition from passive forms to a more active type of integration into the economy, which is more in line with its requirements. The peculiarity of adaptation processes among young Tuvinian respondents is a higher proportion of those who are committed to doing their own business. Russian youth are still more passive: they mainly take the position of verbal intentions to find their niche in the labour sphere, postpone their active actions for the future, which determines the lower speed of adaptation of Russian youth to modern conditions compared to Tuvan youth.
A crise brasileira
Authors: Valle André Flores Penha , Laureano Agnus , Garcia Carolina Gallo , Prandi Francisco , Del Passo Octávio , Moimaz Rodolfo
Published: April 2024

As manifestações de Junho de 2013 podem ser consideradas o marco inicial de um período prolongado de instabilidade e crise política, que se estende até os dias de hoje. Desde então, sucessivos movimentos de massas intervieram ativamente no processo político, novas forças sociais emergiram, e assistimos a diferentes agrupamentos e reagrupamentos entre as classes, frações de classes e grupos sociais. A análise sobre a natureza e o significado daquelas manifestações, sobre a sua articulação com a conjuntura nacional e internacional, e seu impacto sobre os acontecimentos posteriores, como o golpe do impeachment de Dilma Rousseff, as reformas neoliberais de Temer-Bolsonaro e a ascensão da extrema-direita, essa análise tem sido, até hoje, objeto de polêmica e disputa entre diferentes correntes teóricas e políticas, dentro e fora do campo do marxismo, conforme demonstram as contribuições deste dossiê.
Equidade e disparidades no Ensino Superior brasileiro
Authors: Oliveira Carlo José Freire , Pessoa-Gonçalves Yago Marcos , Rodrigues Wellington Francisco
Published: April 2024

Introdução: o Prêmio Capes Talento Universitário (PCTU) reconhece estudantes com notável desenvolvimento cognitivo por meio de avaliações anuais aplicadas a ingressantes no Ensino Superior Brasileiro (ESB). Objetivo(s): investigar a distribuição geográfica, a área de conhecimento e o tipo de financiamento institucional dos premiados no PCTU. Além disso, analisar o comportamento geoespacial dos laureados e as disparidades dessas distribuições. Método: os dados foram coletados por meio do Portal de Acesso à Informação. A localização geográfica e a natureza do financiamento institucional foram obtidas no Portal e-Mec. Os dados de distribuição geográfica foram analisados com normalização das frequências absolutas, com base nos dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Resultados: o número médio dos três anos de premiados a cada 10.000 ingressantes no ESB pelo Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio segue a seguinte distribuição: Região Sul (17,33), Sudeste (17,21), Nordeste (13,57), Centro-Oeste (8,17) e Norte (5,75). O estado de Sergipe apresenta maior desempenho médio com 119,65 laureados, enquanto Roraima não teve premiados registrados. A concentração média de premiados em poucos municípios, especialmente nas capitais (62,97%), indica desigualdades educacionais regionais. Na área de abrangência, Ciências da Saúde lidera com média de 56,6% dos premiados, enquanto Ciências Humanas (4,27%), Ciências Sociais (4,27%), Linguística, Letras e Artes (0,7%) e Ciências Agrárias (0,4%) apresentam os menores desempenhos. Notavelmente, instituições públicas têm significativamente mais laureados (90,9%). Conclusão: os dados apontam para desigualdades regionais e institucionais no ESB, destacando a necessidade de políticas educacionais que promovam a equidade e fortaleçam as áreas do conhecimento e as regiões desprivilegiadas.
Erratum to: Historical Highlight: The Chemical Characterization of the Pneumococcal Transforming Principle
Authors: Greenspan Neil
Published: April 2024

Erratum to: The Chemical Characterization of the Pneumococcal Transforming Principle. doi: 10.20411/pai.v8i2.687

In the original publication, the title did not clearly distinguish this commentary from the originally published study. In this version, the title and the section header have been edited to more clearly denote this article as a commentary on the originally published study.

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The editors of Pathogens and Immunity are commemorating this month, the 80th anniversary of the publication of the landmark article by Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty in the Journal of Experimental Medicine on February 1, 1944 [1]. The study by Avery et al determined with extraordinary rigor the chemical nature of the so-called transforming principle inferred to exist by Frederick Griffith based on experiments he published in 1928
Some personal reflections on prison medical care
Authors: Gonsalves Vernon
Published: April 2024

This is a personal account of medical practices and healthcare behind bars, which draws on direct experiences and narrations from fellow prisoners, accumulated during eleven years in custody. It touches on issues of the relationship of medical professionals with the torture of detenus, the anarchy of everyday prison medication, frailty and death among older inmates and the proposals and prospects for prison healthcare reform. It sees a need for systemic change, but the prognosis is not optimistic.
Preventive visit in the system of control and supervisory activities, its role and possible consequences: what the heads of medical organizations need to know.
Authors:   Expert on the issues of regulatory and legal regulation of health care activities, Piven D. V. , Kitsul I. S. ,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ivanov I. V. ,   Federal State Budget Institution «Russian Scientific and Research Institute for Medical Engineering» of Federal Service for Supervision in the sphere of public health.
Published: April 2024

The article presents a detailed analysis of the preventive visit as one of the most common preventive measures in the system of control and surveillance activities today. The authors made and substantiated a number of conclusions to which managers of medical organizations need to pay close attention. It is emphasized that a medical organization should prepare for a preventive visit in the most careful way as one of the most important activities in the system of control and surveillance activities, designed to ensure that the controlled person not only knows the mandatory requirements, but also ensures their strict implementation. If during a preventive visit it is established that the objects of control pose a clear immediate threat of causing harm (damage) to legally protected values or such harm (damage) has been caused, then the consequences of the preventive visit may be any provided for by Federal Law of July 31, 2020 № 248 – Federal Law “On State Control (Supervision) and Municipal Control in the Russian Federation” unscheduled control (supervisory) activities, i. e. unscheduled inspections. The consequences of a preventive visit, as well as the consequences of refusing it, may be control (supervision) activities carried out without interaction with the controlled person. In turn, carrying out control (supervisory) activities without interaction with the controlled person does not require coordination with the prosecutor’s office. A preventive visit is to a large extent an integral preventive measure, since, on the one hand, it can end with another preventive measure – the announcement of a warning. At the same time, on the other hand, during a preventive visit, counseling can be carried out, which is also an independent type of preventive measures. Heads of medical organizations should not refuse to conduct a preventive visit, since in this case the risks of carrying out other activities in relation to the medical organization, implemented in the system of control and supervisory activities, increase significantly.
Pemetaan Daerah Di Kabupaten Landak Berdasarkan Tingkat Kekeringan Berbasis Penginderaan Jauh
Authors: Selvia Siska Ita , Taufiqurrahman  , M. Irvan Kurnia  , Siddiqirly Muhammad
Published: April 2024

The drought conditions in Landak Regency are meteorological droughts caused by a decrease in rainfall intensity. This results in a need for more water supply to meet the community's clean water needs. To reduce the widespread impact of this drought disaster, this research aims to conduct a spatial study to provide information for making decisions in handling drought. The method used in this research is the Normalized Difference Drought Index (NDDI), which combines the values of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). This research shows that Landak Regency is classified as moderately dry with a score range of 0.31-0.65 with a total area of 770,493.25 ha. Meanwhile, a high level of drought with a score of >1 covers an area of 17,881.11 ha. Districts with high levels of drought are concentrated in Ngabang and Mandor Districts. These two sub-districts are the centre of economic growth in Landak Regency, with the highest population density.
Melitofauna del agropaisaje de caña de azúcar en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Sardi Saavedra Antonella , Manzano Maria del Rosario , Vargas Germán , Rivera-Pedroza Leonardo Fabio
Published: April 2024

El bosque seco tropical del Valle del Cauca en Colombia es uno de los biomas más transformados por la expansión agrícola. En este territorio predomina el cultivo de caña de azúcar mezclado con algunos remanentes del bosque en el que se desconoce la diversidad de abejas existente. Esta investigación evalúa el papel del agropaisaje de caña de azúcar como hábitat y fuente de recursos florales para las abejas en esta región. Para ello, se realizaron dos muestreos en nueve áreas naturales intervenidas junto a cultivos de caña donde se capturaron abejas con red entomológica y platos de colores. Se recolectaron 208 abejas, pertenecientes a 38 especies, 12 tribus y tres familias. La familia con mayor abundancia y número de especies fue Halictidae con 53 % (18 especies), seguido por Apidae con 43 % (14 especies) y Megachilidae con 4 % (seis especies). Este estudio constituye el primer reporte de las especies de abejas en el agropaisaje de caña del Valle del Cauca. Se concluye que, a pesar de las modificaciones que ha tenido el agropiasaje, las áreas naturales junto al cultivo juegan un papel fundamental como hábitat y fuente de recursos florales para la comunidad de abejas silvestres.
Employing ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis (UF/RO) for treatment of source-separated graywater : ER-201636
Authors: Griggs Christopher , Waisner Scott , Lalley Jacob , Zetterholm Sarah , McLeod Sheila , Martinez-Guerra Edith , Wamsley Max , Gurtowski Luke , Bailey Susan , Wade Roy , Pranger Steven
Published: April 2024

In field operating environments, military units must ensure access to a critical water supply to maintain mission readiness. Increasing complexity of logistics and costs to transport water and climate change are driving the development and demonstration of water treatment units. The treatment unit described uses ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) mem-brane technologies with a disinfection step to treat low-strength graywater from shower facilities at Camp Shelby Joint Force Training Center in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. Samples were collected from human shower sampling events. During the demonstration, greater than 100,000 gal. of graywater were treated, supplied by two battalion training rotations over a 6-month period. Characterization of the source graywater continued throughout the system demonstration. Based on the literature, these are among the largest source-separated gray-water sampling events to date. The combined treatment train of UF/RO met all compliance metrics for all analytes of interest for potability and met nonpotable metrics except for special use cases in three states. Both the quality of the treated water and the effective volume gains from an 85% multiplier effect directly support DoD water sustainment goals for both installations and operational environments.
Situación y cambios recientes de calidad e internacionalización en la DO Bierzo: el territorio como valor añadido para la supervivencia exportadora
Authors: Jorge-Martín Rogelio , Fernández Portela Julio
Published: April 2024

Este trabajo busca analizar de forma cualitativa los recientes cambios que se han producido en la D.O. Bierzo y su orientación hacia la calidad e internacionalización. Para ello se recurre al estudio de un periodo de algo más de 20 años (2000-2023) a partir de diversas fuentes bibliográficas, legales y estadísticas. Estos datos se completan con información de tipo cualitativo recogida a través de un cuestionario realizado a las bodegas de la comarca. Los resultados resaltan que hay un elemento clave en este cambio de estrategia: el aumento del valor añadido del vino, logrado por medio de la geografía, la historia y la forma de producción del territorio. Elementos que confieren significado al territorio y al producto que en él se elabora, y consiguen diferenciar, en este caso el vino, del resto de D.O. de Castilla y León, pero también de las del conjunto nacional, y que facilitan su venta en mercados internacionales.
Object Understanding in Ungulates: Evidence of Object Permanence, Short-Term Memory, Causality, Understanding of Object Properties and Gravity across Five Different Species
Authors: Schaffer Alina , Widdig Anja , Holland Ruben , Amici Federica
Published: April 2024

In their natural environment, animals face a variety of ecological and social challenges, which might be linked to the emergence of different cognitive skills. To assess inter-specific variation in cognitive skills, we used ungulates as a study model, testing a total of 26 captive individuals across 5 different species (i.e., dwarf goats, Capra aegagrus hircus, llamas, Lama glama, guanacos, Lama guanicoe, zebras, Equus grevyi, and rhinos, Diceros bicornis michaeli). Across species, we used the same well-established experimental procedures to test individuals’ object permanence, short-term memory, causality, understanding of object properties, and gravity. Our results revealed that study subjects showed object permanence, were able to remember the position of hidden food after up to 60 seconds, and inferred the position of hidden food from the sound produced or not produced when shaking containers. Moreover, they showed an understanding of basic object properties, being able to locate objects hidden behind occluders based on their size and inclination, and could reliably follow the trajectory of falling objects across different conditions. Finally, inter-specific differences were limited to the understanding of object properties, and suggest that domesticated species as goats might perform better than non-domesticated ones in tasks requiring these skills. These results provide new information on the cognitive skills of a still understudied taxon and confirm ungulates as a promising taxon for the comparative study of cognitive evolution.
Study on the degradation performance of novel molecularly imprinted Nd-TiO2 for oxytetracycline hydrochloride
Authors: Huang Zhongwei , Wang Bohai , Liu Bei , Liu Xian , Zhu Lei , Wang Xun
Published: April 2024

The objective of the study was to synthesize a novel photocatalyst, referred to as molecularly imprinted Nd-TiO2 (MIP-Nd-TiO2), through the sol-gel method. It rapidly identifies and breaks down oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC). By manipulating the doping ratio of Nd, incorporating imprinted molecules, and regulating the calcination conditions, the molar ratio of Ti to Nd was optimized to 100:1.25, the mass of added OTC was maintained at 0.15 g, and MIP-Nd-TiO2 was synthesized by calcining it for 2 h at 500 had the best degradation performance. Furthermore, the impact of these variables on the photocatalytic efficiency of the MIP-Nd-TiO2 catalysts was thoroughly investigated by varying the concentrations of pollutants and pH. The materials underwent evaluation employing precise characterization techniques, including, XPS, BET, and FT-IR among others. The findings from the photocatalytic experiments revealed that the degradation rates of OTC by MIP-Nd-TiO2, Nd-TiO2, and TiO2 consisted of 91.97%, 76.47%, and 64.34%, correspondingly, after dark adsorption equilibrium and followed by irradiation with 365 nm UV light for 30 min. Specifically, in just 40 minutes, the MIP-Nd- TiO2 adsorption-photocatalytic synergy was capable of achieving a 93.14% degradation rate for OTC. Moreover, an investigation was conducted into the photocatalytic and adsorption selectivity of MIP-Nd-TiO2. To conclude, this study has illustrated the viability of employing photocatalysis and molecular imprinting in tandem, which can be an extremely efficient technique for treating OTC in wastewater.
Proteomic study of secretomes from cellular agriculture for milk production
Authors: Che Jing , Nielsen Søren Drud-Heydary , Sattari Zahra , Yue Yuan , Purup Stig , Poulsen Nina Aagaard , Larsen Lotte Bach
Published: April 2024

Cultivation of bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) is regarded as a potential future source of milk constituents; however, there is a research gap concerning the investigation of compositional similarity between such secretomes and milk, and furthermore, how culture conditions can be optimized to make it a feasible strategy for potential milk constituents production. To perform such an initial, detailed quantitative proteomic study of secretomes from in vitro grown bMECs, these were after isolation cultured on Matrigel®-coated inserts in a trans-well system. Cells were treated with or without prolactin at the basolateral sides, and the secretomes together with media from the apical side were collected and subsequently compositionally characterized by their protein contents and label-free quantitative proteomics. Using sensitive nLC-timsTOF Pro MS/MS, more than 500 proteins were identified, though in very low total concentrations, across proteomes from the four secretomes collected from prolactin- or non-prolactin-treated cells. The proteins included many cellular proteins and characteristic milk proteins, but with caseins accounting for less than 1% of total protein abundance. Secretomes from prolactin-treated bMECs showed significant (P < 0.05) up-regulation of 351 different proteins, including milk proteins such as αS1-casein, κ-casein, β-lactoglobulin, lactotranferrin, and osteopontin, indicating a positive regulation of lactation with prolactin treatment. These findings elucidate a potential for future cellular agriculture using in vitro cultured bMECs for the production of milk constituents, together with challenges, such as upscale and sufficient lactogenesis.
A Liver Transplant Patient Experienced Deterioration of Renal Function and Rhabdomyolysis after Taking Sirolimus: A Case report
Authors: Gao Chang , Chen Zhi-Yu , Ma Liang , Gou Shen-Ju
Published: April 2024

The occurrence of renal impairment and rhabdomyolysis in transplant patients taking sirolimus was very rare. We report a case of a 54-year-old male who received liver transplantation and was initially treated with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and glucocorticoids for immunosuppression. After developing renal dysfunction, tacrolimus was replaced with sirolimus. However, one month after taking sirolimus, the patient's renal function continued to deteriorate, and rhabdomyolysis developed one and a half months later. Serum analysis indicated high sirolimus concentration, while renal histopathology revealed acute tubular injury and interstitial arteriopathy. After reducing the dosage of sirolimus, the patient's creatine kinase levels returned to normal and renal function improved compared to before. 2 years after hospital discharge, the patient's renal function further recovered. This case highlights the importance of monitoring sirolimus blood concentration in clinical practice, as elevated drug concentrations can lead to renal dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis as adverse reactions. Further investigation into the pathogenic mechanisms of sirolimus-induced renal dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis may contribute to clinical practice.
Investigation of the expression pattern of defense-related genes in strawberry fruits in interaction with Bacillus spp. and Colletotrichum nymphaeae
Authors: Alijani Zahra , Amini Jahanshir , Bahramnejad Bahman
Published: April 2024

This research investigated the antifungal properties of the endophytic bacterium Bacillus spp. (ABN14), isolated from Fragaria × ananassa peduncle, in interaction with Colletotrichum nymphaeae on defense gene expression, defense-related enzymes, and the alteration of the metabolite profile of strawberry fruits. Statistical methods represented considerable differences in the expression of defense genes (PR5, PR10, and WRKY) at all time points (zero, 24, 72, and 96 hours) after the inoculation of the fungal pathogen in all treatments. Furthermore, strawberry fruits infected by the fungal pathogen, following exposure to the biological control agent, exhibited varying the amount of catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidases, superoxide dismutase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzymes compared to those from other treatments at different times post-inoculation. Additionally, different treatments exerted various effects on the metabolite profile of strawberry fruits, leading to the production of diverse metabolites.
How post-fire succession shapes psammophilous ground-dwelling assemblages: effect of wildfire and alteration in food composition.
Authors: Stočes Dominik , Šipoš Jan , Špoula Jakub , Kula Emanuel
Published: April 2024

Psammophilous beetles, a group endangered in temperate ecosystems, are mainly threatened by habitat loss. These beetles thrive in areas formed by the weathering of marine or fluvial sediments. Historically, practices such as slash-and-burn method or litter raking have exposed and destabilized sediments. In Central Europe, the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) has been used to stabilize sand dunes, improve soil composition and create shadier environments. This has led to the degradation of psammophilous communities and a decline in biodiversity. Our study examines whether fire can help restore and maintain psammophilous beetle populations.
Our research focused on two aspects: (i) the long-term effects of wildfire in 2012 on beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in the "Moravská Sahara–Bzenec district" of South Moravia (period 2013–2021), and (ii) the effects of environmental factors, influenced by the aforementioned wildfire on the distribution of these beetles in the period 2016 to 2021.
The study compared species composition, life-history traits, and functional diversity between three forest stages: (i) newly disturbed areas with Coarse Wood Debris (CWD) left to naturally decay; (ii) semi-decayed mid-aged stands and (iii) reference mid-aged stands.
Our findings indicate that fire was important factor influencing species assemblages. Interestingly, post-fire changes in food availability emerged as the second important factor, leading to the formation of two distinct species clusters: granivorous species thrived on site dominated by graminoids, and site with accumulated CWD was attracted predominantly by carnivorous species.
Implications for insect conservation: We suggest that fire management is an effective strategy for conserving and enhancing the diversity of post-fire early-successional beetle assemblages in areas where these species exist. Consequently, the increase in forest canopy closure in these habitats should not be solely regarded as regeneration or a return to a natural state. Instead, it should be considered a potential threat to their richness and diversity.
Development of the Compassionate Technology Scale for Professionals (CTS-P): Value Driven Evaluation of Digital Mental Health Interventions
Authors: Lotringen Charlotte M. van , Klooster Peter M. ten , Austin Judith , Westerhof Gerben J. , Kelders Saskia M. , Noordzij Matthijs L.
Published: April 2024

Background: Compassion is an essential and beneficial value in mental healthcare. However, how digital mental health interventions influence compassion in treatment has not been systematically investigated, due to the lack of appropriate measurement instruments. To address this gap, we developed the Compassionate Technology Scale for Professionals (CTS-P), aimed at mental health professionals.
Methods: We used Q-methodology, a method that combines quantitative and qualitative analysis to explore shared viewpoints on a particular topic, to select and refine items. Participants were 15 professionals from different areas of mental healthcare. In individual sessions, while thinking aloud, they sorted 35 statements on relevance for evaluating technology use on compassion. The statements were based on a scientific conceptualization of compassion with five elements. The sorting task was followed by a short interview to explore participants’ associations with compassion and technology.
Results: With by-person factor analysis, we found three different viewpoints among participants, all with eigenvalues >1 and with a total explained variance of 63.02%. We selected prioritized items of each viewpoint and for each theoretical element of compassion, resulting in a full scale (15 items) and a short scale (3 items). Based on qualitative input from participants, the scale was adapted to clarify its focus and the wording of items. While thinking aloud, participants shared benefits and critical notes regarding technology and compassion.
Discussion: Together with key stakeholders, we developed the CTS-P. Most participants prioritized the potential of technology to obtain more information and be closer to their client in facilitating compassion. The main critical note participants had was that technology is not necessary to support compassion at the therapist’s experiential level. This emphasizes the need to further explore how mental health professionals and technology can complement each other in a system of compassionate care. Future research should explore the factor structure, validity, and reliability of the scale through psychometric validation.
Conclusions: The CTS-P can make the extent to which technology for mental healthcare influences elements of compassion measurable and comparable. The scale can prove useful for prioritizing the value of compassion in both the development and use of digital mental health interventions.
Acquired tracheomalacia in a 9-year-old patient with pectus carinatum following modified Abramson technique
Authors: Song Tieniu , zhang Shaobo , Jiang Peng , Zhou Hui
Published: April 2024

The minimally invasive repair of pectus carinatum (MIRPC) was first introduced by Abramson in 2005. With the increasing popularity and refinement of such technique, the application range has also expanded to include not only the chondrogladiolar type but also the chondromanubrial type. The presence of adequate flexibility in the chest wall has been a prerequisite for applying MIRPC, however, the assessment of sternum flexibility has predominantly relied on subjective compression tests.We report a case of acquired tracheomalacia in a 9-year-old boy with PC following MIRPC, whose chest wall demonstrated slightly increased rigidity while remaining malleable for shaping during the preoperative compression test. The patient's condition improved after treatment and he was subsequently discharged; nevertheless, the entire process of diagnosis and treatment still carries significant cautionary and instructive implications.
Identification and characterization of new Cys2-His2 zinc finger transcription factors, ZCTs, in regulating alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus
Authors: Traverse Krystyna F. , Breselge Samuel , Trautman Juliet , Dee Amanda , Wang Jie , Childs Kevin , Lee-Parsons Carolyn
Published: April 2024

Catharanthus roseus, commonly known as the Madagascar periwinkle, is the sole known producer of several medicinal terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs), including the anti-cancer compounds vinblastine and vincristine. While the enzymatic steps of the pathway have been elucidated, an understanding of its regulation is still emerging. The present study characterizes an important family of Cys2-His2 zinc finger transcription factors known as Zinc finger Catharanthus Transcription factors (ZCTs). We identified three new members of the ZCT family, named ZCT4, ZCT5, and ZCT6, in addition to the previously characterized, homologous ZCT1, ZCT2, and ZCT3 in the C. roseus genome. We characterized the tissue-specific and jasmonate-responsive expression of the ZCTs and showed that ZCTs are regulators of the TIA pathway. The transient overexpression of ZCTs in seedlings significantly repressed the promoters of the terpenoid (pLAMT) and condensation branch (pSTR1) of the TIA pathway. ZCTs also significantly repressed and indirectly activated several promoters of the vindoline pathway. The expression of ZCTs (except ZCT5) increased with jasmonate in a dosage-dependent manner. We showed significant activation of the pZCT1 and pZCT3 promoters by de-repressed CrMYC2a, suggesting that the jasmonate-responsive expression of the ZCTs can be mediated by CrMYC2a. In summary, the C. roseus ZCTs are jasmonate-responsive, can be induced by CrMYC2a, and can act as significant regulators of the TIA pathway when highly expressed.
The effect of music on patient anxiety undergoing bronchoscopy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kacem Amani , Aissa Sana , Jomaa Wassim , Chebil Dhekra , Jazia Rahma Ben , Kharrat Imen , Benzarti Wafa , Knaz Asma , bdira Baraa Ben , Gargouri Imen , Ayechi Jihen , Rihab Moncer , Anis Maatallah , Ahmed Abdelghani
Published: April 2024

Background: Bronchoscopy is a fundamental diagnostic and therapeutic examination with rare complications which is often associated to anxiety and discomfort.
The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of music on anxiety levels among patients undergoing bronchoscopy in the pneumology department
Methods: we conducted a prospective, randomized, investigator-blinded, controlled trial performed in two university hospitals. The patients were randomized into two groups: control group who had preselected classic Tunisian music during bronchoscopy and experimental group who had bronchoscopy without music. we assessed anxiety level using Spilberger’s State Anxiety inventory (S-STAI) and comfort level using visual analogic scale (VAS). Vital signs and side effects during bronchoscopy were also assessed.
Results: 136 patients were equally assigned into the two groups. the anxiety levels before and after bronchoscopy were similar into the two groups. The music had no effect on anxiety level using the S-SATI. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding side effects and vital signs during bronchoscopy. There was a significant effect of music on mean change of VAS score (p=0.018).
Conclusion: The music improved comfort level of patients undergoing bronchoscopy.
This study was retrospectively registered in the pan African Clinical Trial Registry with the trial number PACTR202309620440045
Integrative analyses of hypoxia-related genes and mechanisms associated with Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Shao Shiyun , Wei Kunchen , Feng Xiao , Huang Guanhui
Published: April 2024

Background In the realm of immunological disorders, allergic rhinitis (AR) persists as a prevalent condition, yet its molecular underpinnings remain only partially deciphered, necessitating deeper exploration. This study pioneers in bridging this knowledge gap, unveiling intricate molecular markers and pathways pivotal to AR's pathophysiology, thereby steering the scientific community towards novel diagnostic and prognostic frontiers. Employing rigorous bioinformatics analyses, similar to methodologies applied in studies on endometriosis and age-related macular degeneration, we delved into the molecular landscape, identifying 21 hypoxia-related differential expression genes (HRDEGs) and constructing a robust LASSO diagnostic model, a methodology that stands out for its precision in capturing clinical heterogeneity.Methods Our approach encompassed a comprehensive analysis of differential gene expressions, focusing particularly on HRDEGs, and their subsequent integration into a logistic regression model to ascertain their diagnostic and prognostic efficacy. Key findings revealed a high expression of genes such as CPT1C and MMP1 in the AR group, underscoring their significance in AR's molecular signature. Furthermore, the constructed LASSO model demonstrated high accuracy, highlighting genes like CPT1C, CWF19L1, MED17, and MMP1 as reliable biomarkers.Results Interestingly, the study also unearthed a nuanced interplay between AR and other systemic conditions, suggesting that the molecular mechanisms underlying allergic inflammation could influence the pathophysiology of various respiratory diseases3. These insights not only contribute to the academic discourse but also hold profound therapeutic potential, particularly in the realm of personalized medicine.Conclusions In conclusion, this research illuminates the molecular complexities of AR, offering substantial evidence for the involvement of specific genes and pathways in its pathogenesis. The implications of these discoveries are far-reaching, promising to revolutionize AR management through more tailored therapeutic strategies and underscoring the need for further investigations in larger, more diverse cohorts.
Efficacy of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: A Comprehensive Evaluation Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Lee Jung Min , Choi Se Hyun , Jeon Gang Seok , Chang In Boem , Wang Soon Joo , Hong In Hwan
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to assess the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in patients with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) by analyzing changes in visual acuity (VA) and enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) parameters.
Method
Medical records of patients diagnosed with unilateral CRAO were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: those receiving HBOT in addition to standard treatment and those receiving standard treatment alone. Baseline characteristics were compared, and VA and OCT parameters were evaluated at baseline and follow-up visits.
Results
A total of 50 eyes from 50 patients were included, with 29 eyes in the HBOT group and 21 eyes in the control group. HBOT-treated patients showed significant improvements in VA than control group throughout the follow-up period. Central choroidal thickness increased significantly in the HBOT group. The central choroid, central fovea, and outer retinal layer thickness in the HBOT group were significantly greater than those in the control group at the 6-month follow-up after treatment.
Conclusion
HBOT appears to be effective in improving VA and inducing favorable changes in OCT parameters in patients with CRAO. Preservation of the choroid and outer retinal layer may contribute to the significant visual recovery observed in HBOT-treated patients.