bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-queen breeding is associated with the origin of inquiline social parasitism in ants
Authors: Dahan Romain A. , Rabeling Christian
Published: August 2022

Social parasites exploit the brood care behavior of their hosts to raise their own offspring. Social parasites are common among eusocial Hymenoptera and exhibit a wide range of distinct life history traits in ants, bees, and wasps. In ants, obligate inquiline social parasites are workerless (or nearly-so) species that engage in lifelong interactions with their hosts, taking advantage of the existing host worker forces to reproduce and exploit host colonies’ resources. Inquiline social parasites are phylogenetically diverse with approximately 100 known species that evolved at least 40 times independently in ants. Importantly, ant inquilines tend to be closely related to their hosts, an observation referred to as ‘Emery’s Rule’. Polygyny, the presence of multiple egg-laying queens, was repeatedly suggested to be associated with the origin of inquiline social parasitism, either by providing the opportunity for reproductive cheating, thereby facilitating the origin of social parasite species, and/or by making polygynous species more vulnerable to social parasitism via the acceptance of additional egg-laying queens in their colonies. Although the association between host polygyny and the evolution of social parasitism has been repeatedly discussed in the literature, it has not been statistically tested in a phylogenetic framework across the ants. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis of ant social structure and social parasitism, testing for an association between polygyny and inquiline social parasitism with a phylogenetic correction for independent evolutionary events. We find an imperfect but significant over-representation of polygynous species among hosts of inquiline social parasites, suggesting that while polygyny is not required for the maintenance of inquiline social parasitism, it (or factors associated with it) may favor the origin of socially parasitic behavior. Our results are consistent with an intra-specific origin model for the evolution of inquiline social parasites by sympatric speciation but cannot exclude the alternative, inter-specific allopatric speciation model. The diversity of social parasite behaviors and host colony structures further supports the notion that inquiline social parasites evolved in parallel across unrelated ant genera in the formicoid clade via independent evolutionary pathways.
Gradual enhancement of corticomotor excitability during cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation
Authors: Turrini Sonia , Fiori Francesca , Chiappini Emilio , Santarnecchi Emiliano , Romei Vincenzo , Avenanti Alessio
Published: August 2022

Cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) is an effective transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) method for inducing associative plasticity between interconnected brain areas in humans. Prior ccPAS studies have focused on protocol’s aftereffects. Here, we investigated physiological changes induced “online” during ccPAS administration. We tested 109 participants receiving ccPAS over left ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and primary motor cortex (M1) using a standard procedure (90 paired-pulses with 8-ms interstimulus interval, repeated at 0.1 Hz frequency). On each paired-pulse, we recorded a motor-evoked potential (MEP) to continuously trace the emergence of corticomotor changes. Participant receiving forward-ccPAS (on each pair, a first TMS pulse was administered over PMv, second over M1, i.e., PMv-to-M1) showed a gradual and linear increase in MEP size that did not reach a plateau at the end of the protocol and was greater in participants with low motor threshold. Participants receiving reverse-ccPAS (i.e., M1-to-PMv) showed a trend toward inhibition. Our study highlights the facilitatory and inhibitory modulations that occur during ccPAS administration and suggest that online MEP monitoring could provide insights into the malleability of the motor system and protocol’s effectiveness. Our findings open interesting prospects about ccPAS potential optimization in experimental and clinical settings.
Increased sympathetic modulation in breast cancer survivors determined by measurement of heart rate variability
Authors: Majerova Karolina , Zvarik Milan , Ricon-Becker Itay , Hanalis-Miller Tsipi , Mikolaskova Iveta , Bella Vladimir , Mravec Boris , Hunakova Luba
Published: August 2022

Experimental and clinical studies have shown that the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) stimulates cancer progression and reduces the efficacy of oncological treatment. These effects may be reduced by pharmacological and psychotherapeutical approaches attenuating SNS tone. Therefore, it is necessary to identify those cancer survivors whose sympathetic modulation is excessively increased. For determination of SNS modulation, non-invasive method of heart rate variability (HRV) is widely used. In our study, HRV was determined from 5-min heartbeat recordings in healthy volunteers and in women with benign or malignant breast neoplasias, both in newly diagnosed patients and in women after initial treatment. We showed impaired cardio-vagal regulation in breast cancer patients (linear methods) and also found the increased sympathetic modulation indicated by the non-linear (the symbolic dynamics 0V%) parameter. This non-linear HRV analysis seems to be more sensitive than the linear one, indicating significant differences also in survivors after initial therapy in comparison to healthy controls. The lower sample entropy revealed reduced complexity in heart rate control in both breast cancer survivors groups. These findings suggest that HRV detection represents an inexpensive, easy, and reliable method for identification of those patients with breast cancer whose sympathetic modulation is significantly increased and in which the interventions, aimed at normalizing the balance in the autonomic nervous system (e.g. psychotherapy, biofeedback, treatment by β-blockers) may be the most effective.
Mechanical properties and mechanism of soil treated with nano-aqueous adhesive (NAA)
Authors: Huang Wei , Du Jiaxin , Lai Haoqiang , Zhang Qingxiu , Zhou Cuiying , Liu Zhen
Published: August 2022

The loose structure and low mechanical strength of the surface soil make it vulnerable to damage under erosion conditions. Slope ecological protection is one of the effective methods to improve the stability of slope soil. Although it has been proved that polymer modified materials can effectively improve the soil properties and the environmental protection effect of slope, so far, the improvement mechanism has not been fully understood, especially the chemical mechanism of the material on the enhancement of soil mechanical properties is not clear. In the present study, the effects of nano-aqueous adhesive (NAA) on unconfined compressive strength, shear strength and aggregate characteristics of soil were studied by a series of laboratory experiments. The results show that NAA can increase the strength, aggregate number and stability of the soil, to effectively improve the stability of surface soil. In addition, through infrared spectroscopy and SEM test, it was found that NAA molecules were mainly distributed in the interlayer position of flaky clay minerals, mainly connected with clay minerals through hydrogen bonds, thereby effectively enhancing the cohesion of soil particles.
Inhibitory effects of Serjania erecta on the development of Chrysodeixis includens
Authors: de Freitas Samylla Tassia Ferreira , Rodrigues Agna Rita dos Santos , Ataídes Ana Cláudia Cardoso , de Oliveira Menino Gisele Cristina , de Faria Giselle Santos , Vitorino Luciana Cristina , Silva Fabiano Guimarães , Dyszy Fábio Henrique
Published: August 2022

The soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens, is a primary soybean pest that reduces crop productivity. This work examined control of C. includens populations with methanolic extract of Serjania erecta, a native Cerrado plant, while minimizing risks to pollinators, natural enemies and the environment. Serjania erecta specimens were collected, identified, and subjected to methanol extraction. Bioassays were performed using newly hatched and second-instar caterpillars and different extract concentrations on the diet surface to obtain IC50 values. Two replicates, containing 10 caterpillars, were established in triplicate. The IC50 values were 4.15 and 6.24 mg of extract mL−1 for first-instar and second-instar caterpillars, respectively. These growth inhibition results informed the extract concentrations assessed in subsequent development inhibition assays, in which the pupal weight was higher under the control than under the treatments. Extract treatments increased the duration of the larval, pupal and total development. The potential of different concentrations of S. erecta extract to inhibit the enzymes carboxylesterases was also evaluated. Carboxylesterases activity decreased by 41.96 and 43.43% at 7.8 and 15.6 μg mL−1 extract, respectively. At 31.3 μg mL−1 extract, enzymatic activity was not detected. Overall, S. erecta leaf methanolic extract showed inhibitory potential against carboxylesterases.
Partitioning of the initial catalytic steps of leucyl-tRNA synthetase is driven by an active site peptide-plane flip
Authors: Pang Luping , Zanki Vladimir , Strelkov Sergei V. , Van Aerschot Arthur , Gruic-Sovulj Ita , Weeks Stephen D.
Published: August 2022

To correctly aminoacylate tRNALeu, leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) catalyzes three reactions: activation of leucine by ATP to form leucyl-adenylate (Leu-AMP), transfer of this amino acid to tRNALeu and post-transfer editing of any mischarged product. Although LeuRS has been well characterized biochemically, detailed structural information is currently only available for the latter two stages of catalysis. We have solved crystal structures for all enzymatic states of Neisseria gonorrhoeae LeuRS during Leu-AMP formation. These show a cycle of dramatic conformational changes, involving multiple domains, and correlate with an energetically unfavorable peptide-plane flip observed in the active site of the pre-transition state structure. Biochemical analyses, combined with mutant structural studies, reveal that this backbone distortion acts as a trigger, temporally compartmentalizing the first two catalytic steps. These results unveil the remarkable effect of this small structural alteration on the global dynamics and activity of the enzyme.
Bacteria-plant interactions synergistically enhance biodegradation of diesel fuel hydrocarbons
Authors: Eze Michael O. , Thiel Volker , Hose Grant C. , George Simon C. , Daniel Rolf
Published: August 2022

The biotechnological application of microorganisms for rhizoremediation of contaminated sites requires the development of plant-microbe symbionts capable of plant growth promotion and hydrocarbon degradation. Here, we present a study aimed at isolating single microbial strains that are capable of promoting plant growth as well as rhizoremediation of diesel fuel hydrocarbons. Through genomic analyses and greenhouse-based experiments, we examined the synergistic interactions ofMedicago sativaL. andParaburkholderia tropicaWTPI1 for enhanced rhizoremediation of diesel fuel-contaminated soils. Plant growth-based experiments confirmed that the inoculation ofM. sativawithP. tropicaled to a 99% increase in plant biomass. Furthermore, organic geochemical analysis revealed that 96% of all the distinctive diesel fuel hydrocarbons, including C10–C25n-alkanes, branched alkanes, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons were degraded in theM. sativa + P. tropicatreatment. These results will prove beneficial for biotechnological application ofP. tropicaWTPI1 for plant growth promotion and most importantly for environmental remediation of organic pollutants.
A microfluidic electrochemical sensing platform for in situ detection of trace cadmium ions
Authors: Yuan Yang , Jia Hui , Wang Jie
Published: August 2022

A microfluidic electrochemical detection platform for cadmium ion detection is proposed. The performance of the detection platform, in terms of the microchannel size and electrode modification, was optimized. The proposed platform demonstrated a good detection of cadmium ions.
The taming of Clar's hydrocarbon
Authors: Valenta Leoš , Juríček Michal
Published: August 2022

A historical development of synthetic efforts to “tame” triangulene—an iconic non-Kekulé graphene fragment known as a Clar's hydrocarbon—up to the most recent advancements that open new possibilities in the design of carbon-based spin materials.
Unconventional conjugation in macromonomers and polymers
Authors: Laine Richard M.
Published: August 2022

UV/vis spectra of double decker (DD)-co-phenyl, ladder (LL)-co-phenyl and a model compound revealing emission red-shifts vs. the model compound indicating through-chain conjugation despite disiloxane end caps.
Photoresponsive gadolinium–anthracene complexes: tuning the orientation and π–π stacking of anthracene groupsviaalkyl ester substituents of phosphonate ligands
Authors: Huang Xin-Da , Sun Guo-Bin , Chen Yi-Qing , Wen Ge-Hua , Bao Song-Song , Zheng Li-Min
Published: August 2022

[Gd(NO3)3(LR)2(dmpu)] containing 9-dialkyl phosphonomethylanthracene [LR, R = Me (1), Et (2), i-Pr (3)] show [4 + 4] photocycloaddition reaction for 1 and 2, but not for 3.
A simple method to regulate surface hydroxy groups on Al2O3 for improving catalytic oxidation performance for HCHO on Pt/Al2O3
Authors: Zhang Zhilin , Ma Jinzhu , He Hong
Published: August 2022

For noble metal catalysts supported by Al2O3, the properties of the surface OH groups on Al2O3 have a great influence on the state of the noble metals.
Exchange-driven slow relaxation of magnetization in NiII2LnIII2 (LnIII = Y, Gd, Tb and Dy) butterfly complexes: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Chakraborty Amit , Ahmed Naushad , Ali Junaid , Moorthy Shruti , Goura Joydeb , Singh Saurabh Kumar , Rogez Guillaume , Chandrasekhar Vadapalli
Published: August 2022

A series of NiII2LnIII2 complexes (LnIII =Y (1), Gd (2), Tb (3) and Dy (4)) having a butterfly-like metal core were synthesized and structurally characterized; their magnetic measurements reveal that the Ni2Tb2 analogue possess SMM behaviors.
Nickel nanoparticle decorated N-doped carbon nanofibers for light weight and high-efficiency microwave absorption
Authors: Yan Liang , Zhang Haoyan , Li Yao , Xiang Jun , Zhang Kaiyin
Published: August 2022

We synthesized Ni@C nanofibers with a filler loading of 5 wt% via electrospinning combined with heat treatment.
Bismuth gallate coordination networks inspired by an active pharmaceutical ingredient
Authors: Svensson Grape Erik , Rooth Victoria , Smolders Simon , Thiriez Ambre , Takki Sofia , De Vos Dirk , Willhammar Tom , Inge A. Ken
Published: August 2022

By taking inspiration from the long-used metallodrug bismuth subgallate, two new coordination networks were developed. Structure determination by electron crystallography revealed a highly flexible MOF and a catalytically active layered material.
An enhanced couette flow printing strategy to recover efficiency losses by area and substrate differences in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Gong Chenxiang , Fan Baojin , Li Feng , Xing Zhi , Meng Xiangchuan , Hu Ting , Hu Xiaotian , Chen Yiwang
Published: August 2022

A patterned-meniscus silicon scraper is introduced into perovskite solar cells to enhance the Couette flow, which can decrease the efficiency loss caused by area and substrate differences.
Mixed nuts with high nutrient density improve insulin resistance in mice by gut microbiota remodeling
Authors: Li Xinyue , Wang Youjiao , Zhou Jingbo , Wang Zhongya , Wang Yiying , Zheng Jie , Sun Mei , Jin Long , Qi Ce , Sun Jin
Published: August 2022

This study developed a method to establish an optimal mixed nut formulation in terms of nutrient density and to investigate its effect on CVD risk factors.
Start from the source: direct treatment of a degraded LiFePO4 cathode for efficient recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Xu Yunlong , Qiu Xuejing , Zhang Baichao , Di Andi , Deng Wentao , Zou Guoqiang , Hou Hongshuai , Ji Xiaobo
Published: August 2022

The flow process of recycling a degraded LiFePO4 cathode.
High sensitivity label-free detection of HER2 using an Al–GaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor-based biosensor
Authors: Mishra Shivanshu , Kachhawa Pharyanshu , Jain Amber Kumar , Thakur Rajiv Ranjan , Chaturvedi Nidhi
Published: August 2022

This work reports rapid, label-free and specific detection of the HER2 antigen using a gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT).
High density, addressable electrohydrodynamic printhead made of a silicon plate and polymer nozzle structure
Authors: Duan Yongqing , Yang Weili , Xiao Jingjing , Gao Jixin , Wei Lai , Huang YongAn , Yin Zhouping
Published: August 2022

Electrohydrodynamic nozzle array chips with stable and uniform printing performance were developed for applications in micro/nanoelectronics, biomedical devices,etc.
Several semiconducting two-dimensional silicon nanosheets assembled from zigzag silicene nanoribbons
Authors: Shao Jinfan , Kan Erjun , Qian Yan , Wu Haiping
Published: August 2022

A series of silicon nanosheets are assembled from zigzag silicene nanoribbons, and some of them possess the largest band gap. Besides, a negative Poisson's ratio is found in two models, which is scarce in low-dimensional silicon materials.
Switching between classical/nonclassical crystallization pathways of TS-1 zeolite: implication on titanium distribution and catalysis
Authors: Bai Risheng , Song Yue , Lätsch Lukas , Zou Yongcun , Feng Zhaochi , Copéret Christophe , Corma Avelino , Yu Jihong
Published: August 2022

This work demonstrates that the dominant crystallization mode of TS-1 zeolite can be switched between the nonclassical route and classical pathway by regulating the kinetic process of crystal nucleation.
Dynamic kinetic resolution of γ,γ-disubstituted indole 2-carboxaldehydesviaNHC-Lewis acid cooperative catalysis for the synthesis of tetracyclic ε-lactones
Authors: Balanna Kuruva , Barik Soumen , Shee Sayan , Gonnade Rajesh G. , Biju Akkattu T.
Published: August 2022

NHC-Lewis acid cooperative catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of transiently generated γ,γ-disubstituted indole 2-carboxaldehydes leading to the enantioselective synthesis of tetracyclic ε-lactones is reported.
Motorized, untethered soft robots via 3D printed auxetics
Authors: Kaarthik Pranav , Sanchez Francesco L. , Avtges James , Truby Ryan L.
Published: August 2022

We present a method of 3D printing handed shearing auxetics for scalable, motorized soft robotic actuators. The auxetics are assembled into multi-degree-of-freedom legs that enable fast, untethered locomotion over long operation times.
Optimal kinematics of the bee tongue for viscous fluid transport
Authors: Wang Bo , Liu Xuhan , Tang Guowei , Wu Jianing , Yang Yunqiang
Published: August 2022

A combined experimental and theoretical study analyzing the effects of tongue retraction time on the energy intake rate, considering the unfolding dynamics of tongue hairs in the retraction phase, is presented.
Passive probe particle in an active bath: can we tell it is out of equilibrium?
Authors: Shea Jeanine , Jung Gerhard , Schmid Friederike
Published: August 2022

The trajectory of a probe immersed in an active bath does not exhibit non-equilibrium signatures, despite its non-equilibrium nature. We propose one way to detect such a signature: to look for a violation of the first fluctuation dissipation theorem.
Assessing the compressive elasticity and multi-responsive property of gelatin-containing weakly anionic copolymer gelsviasemi-IPN strategy
Authors: Ciftbudak Sena , Orakdogen Nermin
Published: August 2022

A simple and efficient approach for the design of gelatin-containing weakly anionic semi-IPNs has been proposed.
Real-Ear-to-Coupler Difference: Physical and Perceptual Differences
Authors: Jorgensen Lindsey , Barrett Rachel , Jedlicka David , Messersmith Jessica , Pratt Sheila
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

The real-ear-to-coupler difference (RECD) is a recommended measure for accurate hearing aid fittings, especially for pediatric populations. However, for adults, many clinicians question whether it is necessary.

Method:

Hearing aids were fit on two groups of 85 older adults seen at a Veterans Administration audiology clinic. One group was fit using RECD measurements, whereas the second group was fit with population-based average RECD values. The two groups had similar pure-tone hearing thresholds.

Results:

Like previous studies, there was little difference between the measured RECD for the right and left ears among the participants. Although the majority of the measured RECDs were within 1
SD
of the mean, approximately 20% of those measured were outside of the normal range. It also was found that all participants produced lower (improved) Hearing Handicap Inventory for Elderly–Screening (HHIE-S) scores from pre- to postfitting, thus suggesting a reduction in self-perceived hearing handicap.

Conclusions:

Despite having similar prefitting HHIE-S scores, those participants who had their hearing aids fit using measured RECD values had lower postfitting scores than the group that was fit with average RECD values. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the groups on several questions of the International Outcome Inventory–Hearing Aids, suggesting that there was higher satisfaction with the fittings based on the custom RECD rather than the fittings based on the average RECD. This study demonstrated that, in addition to performing verification using real-ear measurements, accurate conversion of dB HL to dB SPL using personalized RECD likely improved hearing aid satisfaction.
Long Latency Auditory Evoked Responses in the Identification of Children With Central Auditory Processing Disorders: A Scoping Review
Authors: Macaskill Melissa , Omidvar Shaghayegh , Koravand Amineh
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

The long latency auditory evoked responses (LLAERs), originating in the auditory cortex, are often considered a biomarker for maturity in the central auditory system and may therefore be useful in the evaluation of children with central auditory processing disorder (CAPD). However, the characteristics of the LLAERs elicited in this population have not been widely described, and clinical applications remain unclear. The goal of this scoping review was to investigate if LLAERs can be used to identify children with CAPD.

Method:

A systematic search strategy was used to identify studies that analyzed the latencies and amplitudes of P1, N1, P2, and N2 waveforms of the LLAERs. The online databases, including Embase, Web of Science, MEDLINE, PubMed, ProQuest, and CINAHL, as well as the gray literature were searched for papers published in English and French between January 1980 and May 2021.

Results:

Seventeen papers met the eligibility criteria and were included in the study. Four papers had pre- and posttraining study designs, and the remaining studies were cross-sectional. Several studies reported significant differences in LLAERs between children with CAPD and their normal-hearing peers, and the results tended toward longer latencies and smaller amplitudes regardless of LLAER waves considered. N1 and/or N2 results were most likely to reveal significant differences between children with CAPD and normal-hearing controls and could potentially be considered a biomarker for CAPD.

Conclusions:

It seems that LLAER assessments, especially waves N1 and N2, might assist in better identification of CAPD children. However, considering heterogeneity in the methodology among the included studies, the results should be interpreted with caution. Well-designed studies on children with confirmed CAPD using standard diagnostic and assessment protocols are suggested.
Incentive Stackelberg game for H∞$H_\infty$‐constrained multi‐hierarchy systems under observation information
Authors: Li Xiaoqian , Bai Mengyu , Zhang Huanshui , Jing Zonglei , Ju Peijun , Guo Zhongjin
Published: August 2022

This paper considers the incentive feedback Stackelberg game with multi‐hierarchy players under a constraint, with the proposed solution involving nested hierarchies A and B. In hierarchy A, P0 represents the leader (the leader's control input corresponding to i‐th follower, ), and are the followers, with non‐cooperative followers induced to virtually cooperate in achieving team‐optimal solution and the Nash equilibrium. In hierarchy B, the external disturbance represents the follower, and hierarchy A represents the leader. The main contributions of this work are three‐fold. First, an incentive Stackelberg strategy set under the constraint through observation information is obtained for the first time. Second, a novel iterative algorithm to solve the coupled backward and forward Riccati equations is introduced and thus obtaining an explicit expression of a team‐optimal feedback Stackelberg strategy set with an constraint. Finally, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the hierarchical game's optimal solutions using the Lyapunov equation and the induction algorithm are presented.
Spatially resolved gas and stellar kinematics in compact starburst galaxies
Authors: Bik A. , Östlin G. , Hayes M. , Melinder J. , Menacho V.
Published: August 2022

Context.The kinematics of galaxies provide valuable insights into their physics and assembly history. Kinematics are governed not only by the gravitational potential, but also by merger events and stellar feedback processes such as stellar winds and supernova explosions.

Aims.We aim to identify what governs the kinematics in a sample of SDSS-selected nearby starburst galaxies, by obtaining spatially resolved measurements of the gas and stellar kinematics.

Methods.We obtained near-infrared integral-fieldK-band spectroscopy with VLT/SINFONI for 15 compact starburst galaxies. We derived the integrated as well as spatially resolved stellar and gas kinematics. The stellar kinematics were derived from the CO absorption bands, and Paαand Brγemission lines were used for the gas kinematics.

Results.Based on the integrated spectra, we find that the majority of galaxies have gas and stellar velocity dispersion that are comparable. A spatially resolved comparison shows that the six galaxies that deviate show evidence for a bulge or stellar feedback. Two galaxies are identified as mergers based on their double-peaked emission lines. In our sample, we find a negative correlation between the ratio of the rotational velocity over the velocity dispersion (vrot/σ) and the star formation rate surface density.

Conclusions.We propose a scenario where the global kinematics of the galaxies are determined by gravitational instabilities that affect both the stars and gas. This process could be driven by mergers or accretion events. Effects of stellar feedback on the ionised gas are more localised and detected only in the spatially resolved analysis. The mass derived from the velocity dispersion provides a reliable mass even if the galaxy cannot be spatially resolved. The technique used in this paper is applicable to galaxies at low and high redshift with the next generation of infrared-focussed telescopes (JWST and ELT).
Observational and numerical characterization of a recurrent arc-shaped front propagating along a coronal fan
Authors: Sieyra M. V. , Krishna Prasad S. , Stenborg G. , Khomenko E. , Van Doorsselaere T. , Costa A. , Esquivel A. , Riedl J. M.
Published: August 2022

Context. Recurrent, arc-shaped intensity disturbances were detected by extreme-ultraviolet channels in an active region. The fronts were observed to propagate along a coronal loop bundle rooted in a small area within a sunspot umbra. Previous works have linked these intensity disturbances to slow magnetoacoustic waves that propagate from the lower atmosphere to the corona along the magnetic field.

Aims. The slow magnetoacoustic waves propagate at the local cusp speed, which is equivalent to the sound speed in a low-β-regime plasma. However, the measured propagation speeds from the intensity images are usually smaller as they are subject to projection effects due to the inclination of the magnetic field with respect to the line of sight. We aim to understand the effect of projection by comparing observed speeds with those from a numerical model.

Methods. Using multi-wavelength data, we determined the periods present in the observations at different heights of the solar atmosphere through Fourier analysis. We calculated the plane-of-sky speeds along one of the loops from the cross-correlation time-lags obtained as a function of distance along the loop. We performed a 2D ideal magnetohydrodynamic simulation of an active region embedded in a stratified atmosphere. We drove slow waves from the photosphere with a three-minute periodicity. Synthetic time–distance maps were generated from the forward-modelled intensities in coronal wavelengths and the projected propagation speeds were calculated.

Results. The intensity disturbances show a dominant period between 2 and 3 min at different heights of the atmosphere. The apparent propagation speeds calculated for coronal channels exhibit an accelerated pattern with values increasing from 40 to 120 km s−1 as the distance along the loop rises. The propagation speeds obtained from the synthetic time–distance maps also exhibit accelerated profiles within a similar range of speeds.

Conclusions. We conclude that the accelerated propagation in our observations is due to the projection effect.
A reverse isoperimetric inequality for planar (α, β)-convex bodies
Authors: Croce Gisella , Fattah Zakaria , Pisante Giovanni
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we study a reverse isoperimetric inequality for planar convex bodies whose radius of curvature is between two positive numbers 0 ≤ α ≤ β, called (α, β)-convex bodies. We show that among planar (α, β)-convex bodies of fixed perimeter, the extremal shape is a domain whose boundary is composed by two arcs of circles of radius α joined by two arcs of circles of radius β.
Unveiling the HER and ORR activity origin of isolated Co sites supported on N-doped carbon
Authors: Huang Aijian , Wang Zhiguo
Published: August 2022

Electrocatalysis plays very important role in clean energy conversion. In which, developing high active and robust electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are highly crucial and challenging. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the Gibbs free energy diagrams and electronic structure of N-graphene, Ir-N4 and Co-N4 are investigated in this work. The results show that Co-N4 have the appropriate H adsorption and lower ORR overpotentials, which gives expectation of high multifunctional electrocatalytic performance. This theoretical study provides vital insights into the enhanced electrocatalytic mechanism of Co sites supported on N-doped carbon.
Preparation of sheep manure biochar and its enhancement effect on wastewater treatment performance of CRI systems
Authors: Chen Jiao , Li Shuxin , Huang Qin , Liu Haolin , Sun Jieyu , Zhang Ying , Lu Yixin
Published: August 2022

Sheep manure biochar (SMB550) was prepared by limited oxygen pyrolysis at 550°C and applied to constructed rapid infiltration (CRI) systems. The structural characteristics of SMB500 were tested and its effect on the wastewater treatment performance of CRI systems was investigated. The results showed that SMB550 had a large specific surface area, abundant pore structure and rich functional groups, showing a good adsorption potential. Using SMB550 as one of the filter material of CRI system, the average removal rates of COD, NH4+-N and TP were respectively 9.3%, 8.6% and 34.9% higher than those of the blank group, which enhanced the treatment performance of CRI systems for wastewater. As a new type of filter material, SMB550 had a good application prospect in the field of wastewater treatment.
A novel geometric error identification and prediction approach
Authors: Fan Jinwei , Wang Peitong , Li Zhuang
Published: August 2022

This paper proposed an integrated geometric error identification and prediction method to solve the uncertainty problem of the PDGEs of rotary axis. First, based on homogeneous transform matrix (HTM) and multi-body system (MBS) theory, The transfer matrix only considering the C-axes rotated is derived to the position error model. Then a geometric errors identification of rotary axis is introduced by measuring the error increment in three directions. Meanwhile the geometric errors of C-axis are described as truncated Fourier polynomials caused by fitting discrete values. Thus, The geometric error identification is converted into the function coefficient. Finally, the proposed new prediction and identification model of PDGEs in the global frame are verified through simulation and experiments with double ball-bar tests.
Optimization of Processing Parameters for Picosecond Laser Cutting of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers
Authors: Ren Xingfei , Fan Jinwei , Wang Peitong
Published: August 2022

With the increasingly widespread use of carbon fiber reinforced polymer in aerospace and automotive fields, the problem of difficult processing of carbon fiber reinforced polymer has become more prominent. Although laser processing can achieve more ideal processing results, the existence of the heataffected zone has a negative impact on the use of the material. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to reduce the width of the heat-affected zone in laser-cut carbon fiber reinforced polymer. The effect of process parameters on the heat-affected zone and the kerf width was first investigated. After that, the heataffected zone width prediction model and the kerf width prediction model were developed based on the response surface method, and the process parameters were optimized. Finally, the excellent cutting results with almost no heat-affected zone were obtained.
Research on calibration method of indication error of grade III standard metallic scale based on length measuring machine
Authors: Wang Tao , Yang Yi , Rong Zou , Xiang Xiao
Published: August 2022

A calibration method of indication error of grade III standard metallic scale based on length measuring machine is proposed. The existing length measuring machine is reformed to realize the calibration of the indication error of grade III standard metallic scale. According to the proposed calibration method, the evaluation model of measurement uncertainty is established, and the source of uncertainty is analysed. The expanded uncertainty is less than one third of the maximum permissible error specified in the verification regulation, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the calibration method.
Research on differentiated scheduling method of electric vehicle considering random probability
Authors: Liu Hanghang , Wang Yuanyua , Liu Sentao , Liu Qi , Xie Yun , Ma Xiaoyi , Li Yajin
Published: August 2022

On the basis of the charging load of a single electric vehicle, in order to reduce the variance of the equivalent load curve and alleviate the peak plus peak caused by electric vehicles, a local electric vehicle charging cooperative scheduling model with the distribution network node as the optimization unit is set up. The model is composed of node agent and electric vehicle agent. The electric vehicle agent is based on the node load obtained. Rate information, combining with its own state, using random probability charging algorithm to make the decision to start charging or stop charging, and use IEEE-33 node system as an example to use MATLAB software for the designed electricity. The algorithm is verified by dynamic vehicle charging cooperative scheduling strategy. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively load the load curve and reduce the variance of load curve.
Discussion on Causes and Solutions of the Biting Mechanism of Stainless Steel Bolts
Authors: Zheng Jianjun , Chen Hao , Zhang Yanfei
Published: August 2022

Due to the influence of the peculiar material characteristics, austenitic stainless steel bolts are always easy to be locked during disassembly. This is not only seriously affected the service performance of austenitic stainless steel bolts, but also affects the reuse of bolts. In this paper, the main causes and mechanism of the locking of austenitic stainless steel blots in the process of fastening is summarized, and the effective measures containing correct material selection, carefully clean before assembly, spraying loosening agent, thermal expansion method, raw material belt tape winding and development of anti-locking austenitic stainless steel fastening bolt to prevent locking through theoretical analysis and experimental verification are also provided, which is hoped that certain guiding significance can be provided to prevent the phenomenon of bolt locking from the source as far as possible.
Research on finance and tax management innovation of new energy industry under the “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” goal
Authors: Wu Jingyu
Published: August 2022

Carbon dioxide emissions from countries have led to an unstoppable rise in global temperatures. China put forward the goal of “Carbon peaking and Carbon neutrality” to achieve carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. Under the goal, the development of new energy industry is very important to the reconstruction of energy structure and the transformation and upgrading of economic industry. Fiscal subsidies and tax incentives, as two important tools for the government to regulate the macro economy, can help the new energy industry to break down development barriers. Using the multivariate regression model to 2010-2019, 174 companies listed on the new concept of energy sector of the test data, studies the internal relationship between the fiscal and taxation policies and business performance, and on the analysis of the clarity of the current in the process of new energy industry status quo and existing problems of the fiscal and taxation policy. The following conclusions are drawn: fiscal subsidies in the new energy industry are negatively correlated with enterprise performance, while tax incentives are positively correlated with enterprise performance. This shows that under the background of “Carbon peaking and Carbon neutrality” goal, in-depth research on the incentive effect of fiscal and tax policies implemented by the government on the new energy industry is conducive to realizing the reshaping of the energy structure and the transformation and upgrading of the economic industry.
Design courses based on BOPPPS teaching mode
Authors: He Huiqian , Zhang Gaomei , He Yuan
Published: August 2022

The knowledge points of design courses are complex, scattered, and cover a wide range. The traditional teaching mode is difficult to mobilize students’ interest in learning and cultivate students’ expressive ability. Based on constructivism and communicative interaction, BOPPPS is known for effective teaching. In order to improve the learning quality of students, BOPPPS is combined with the Rain Classroom platform to realize classroom flipping. Through the six modules of bridge-in, objective, pre-assessment, participatory learning, post-assessment, and summary in BOPPPS, the teaching progress is gradually promoted, and students’ participation and feedback in the classroom are emphasized. It is a closedloop teaching organization model. The research results show that the application of BOPPPS in design courses has effectively promoted the teaching interaction between teachers and students, and students can participate more actively and effectively in all aspects of the educational process.
Mapping and analysis using multisource oceanic satellite data and google earth engine
Authors: Kang Yan , Wang Jun
Published: August 2022

Ocean satellite observation because of its large coverage area and high frequency observation become ever more important data and information source with global climate changing, ocean resources protecting and oceanic engineering projects implementing. Oceanic satellite data characteristically include multi-physical parameters, are the product of multi-level processing and are multi-sourced data. Therefore, oceanic satellite data often have different manifestations making the understanding and use of these data challenging, and there is an urgent need for a flexible platform to share the data and merge different kinds of the data information. Here we use Google Earth Engine that make these data easily understandable and a fully synthesized and comprehensive visualization. Then the key techniques for creating 2D and 3D visualizations of oceanic satellite data using KML and Google Earth are detailed in this paper. As an example, multi-sourced satellite data including horizontal distribution and vertical profiles of Typhoon Morakot in August 2009 are combined on Google Earth with three-dimensional visualization. We have extended this research and developed a web service system based on an oceanic satellite visualization data model to dynamically display different types of the oceanic satellite data on Google Earth.
Research on university computer teaching model based on MOOC+SPOC
Authors: Fan Dongmei
Published: August 2022

With the further development of information technology, the traditional teaching model which is mainly characterized by face-to-face teaching in class, has brought out new demands in terms of new teaching technology, new teaching thinking and teaching result. “MOOC + SPOC” is a new mode which integrated online and offline learning, the traditional classroom, organic combination of network class and interaction class, promote student-centered teaching and learning, and effectively reflect the teacher to student learning and the guidance of thinking, increasing the interaction between students and teachers, improving students’ autonomous learning ability and learning initiative[1].
Research on the improvement of engineering college students’ artistic accomplishment under the new engineering background
Authors: Fan Dongmei
Published: August 2022

The new engineering is the product of interdisciplinary, breaking through the institutional bottleneck and administrative barriers in universities in interdisciplinary, is the new engineering must cross a barrier. Based on the construction of new engineering, this paper promotes the deep cross and integration of engineering and art disciplines. To explore the ways to integrate innovative thinking training into professional education systematically from the aspects of research significance, research status, development plan and effect evaluation, so as to improve the artistic accomplishment of engineering college students.
Die Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie in Zeiten von Social
Media: Eine Analyse der Reichweite und des Themenfokus der erfolgreichsten
Kanäle auf YouTube
Authors: Alawi Seyed Arash , Bota Olimpiu , Dragu Adrian
Published: August 2022

Hintergrund Die Nutzung von sozialen Medien wie Facebook, YouTube und
Instagram wird zunehmend ein fester Bestandteil der Kommunikation in der
Plastischen und Ästhetischen Chirurgie. Die potentielle Reichweite
bietet bedeutende Möglichkeiten Informationen zu teilen und Patienten zu
erreichen. Es muss daher zunehmend als modernes Tool für eine neue Form
der Publikation und als Daten- und Wissensbank betrachtet werden. Zielsetzung
dieser Arbeit ist es führende YouTube-Kanäle von deutschen
Plastischen und Ästhetischen Chirurgen auf die Reichweite, Ihren
Kenndaten sowie den Themenfokus zu untersuchen.

Material und Methoden Es erfolgte die Auswertung aller führenden
deutschen YouTube Kanäle von Fachärzten für Plastische
und Ästhetische Chirurgie. Die Analyse beruhte auf Kennzahlen
(Landesranking, Anzahl Uploads, Reichweite mit Gesamtaufrufzahlen,
täglich neue Abonnenten; Assoziation Universitätsklinik,
peripheres Krankenhaus, Privatpraxis) und Inhalt mit konsekutiver
Klassifizierung der Themen der erfolgreichsten Videos.

Ergebnisse Mit dem Stichwort „Plastische Chirurgie“ wurden
376 deutsche Kanäle identifiziert, wobei die erfolgreichsten 8
Kanäle die Einschlusskriterien erfüllten. Im Median erreichten
die erfolgreichsten Kanäle 1.342.017 Aufrufe (IQR
745.455–2.550.682). Die täglichen Aufrufe auf den
Kanälen belaufen sich im Median bei 718 Aufrufen pro Kanal (IQR
272–1.086). Von insgesamt 290 der erfolgreichsten Videos waren
87% der Videos über ästhetische Prozeduren
(n=253). Ein Anteil von 87,5% (7/8) der erfolgreichsten
Kanäle stammen von privatärztlich tätigen Plastischen
und Ästhetischen Chirurgen.

Schlussfolgerung Die Plattform YouTube bietet eine bedeutende Reichweite
für Wissensvermittlung und Marketing. Das Angebot wird aber vornehmlich
von der „Ästhetischen Säule“ genutzt und hier
vor allem aus dem niedergelassenen Bereich. Die Repräsentation und
Darstellung der Plastischen und Ästhetischen Chirurgie mit den festen
Bestandteilen wie der Rekonstruktion, der Handchirurgie und der
Verbrennungschirurgie bietet noch viel Potential zum Ausbau auf dieser
Plattform.
Gua Sha – Anwendung und Wirksamkeit als ausleitendes Therapieverfahren
Authors: Wibisono Gunawan , Sun Weizhong
Published: August 2022

Bei der asiatischen Behandlungsform Gua Sha wird ein bestimmter Bereich am Rücken solange mit einem Gegenstand geschabt, bis punktuelle Einblutungen auftreten. Das Prinzip besteht darin, die Temperatur und Lebensenergie (Qi) des Körpers zu erhöhen. Gua Sha gehört noch mehr als das Schröpfen als ausleitendes Therapieverfahren zur Volksmedizin und wird im asiatischen Raum traditionell zur effektiven Prävention von Krankheiten und zur Entgiftung des Körpers angewendet. Der Beitrag beschreibt das Verfahren, deren Anwendung sich im asiatischen Raum großer Beliebtheit erfreut, geht auf die Anwendung sowie Kontraindikationen ein, und verweist auf eine aktuelle deutsche Studie zur Wirksamkeit.
Ulnaverkürzungsosteotomie – Zwei Wochen Ruhigstellung
ausreichend
Authors: Moeller Richard-Tobias , Mentzel Martin , Vergote Daniel , Bauknecht Simon
Published: August 2022

Hintergrund Die diaphysäre Ulnaverkürzungsosteotomie (UVO)
als operative Behandlung des Ulnaimpaktionssyndromes ist heutzutage
standardisiert mit guten bis sehr guten Ergebnissen. Demgegenüber findet
sich in der aktuellen Literatur ein breites Spektrum an verschiedenen
postoperativen Behandlungsschemata. Die Ergebnisse nach UVO mit modernen,
winkelstabilen Implantaten und postoperativer Immobilisierung für 2
Wochen werden vorgestellt.

Patienten und Methoden In einer retrospektiven Datenbankanalyse konnten in
einem Zeitraum von 13 Jahren 49 Patienten (31 Frauen, 18 Männer,
Durchschnittsalter 37,6 Jahre) mit insgesamt 51 UVO identifiziert und
über 73,5 (15,9–146,1) Wochen nachbeobachtet werden. Alle UVO
wurden schräg gesägt und mit palmaren, winkelstabilen
Implantaten stabilisiert. Postoperativ wurde das Handgelenk für 2 Wochen
in 30° Extension in einer dorsalen Unterarmschiene immobilisiert.

Ergebnisse Alle UVO zeigten belastungsstabile Konsolidierungszeichen nach
durchschnittlich 7,0 (SD 1,9; 4,9–14,1) Wochen. Die Beweglichkeit der
Handgelenke konnte signifikant für die Extension/Flexion von
präoperativ 107,6° (60–155) auf postoperativ
123,7° (80–160) und für die Ulnar-/Radialduktion
von 55,1° (25–90) auf 60,8° (30–90) verbessert
werden (p<0,05). Das Schmerzniveau wurde sowohl in Ruhe von 3,2
(0–8) auf 0,1 (0–2) und unter Belastung von 7,3 (4–10)
auf 1,2 (0–9) signifikant reduziert (p<0,01). Insgesamt wurden 5
Komplikationen (9,8%) festgestellt, Pseudarthrosen fanden sich
nicht.

Schlussfolgerung Durch die Verwendung von winkelstabilen Implantaten zur
Stabilisierung einer UVO kann die Zeitdauer der Ruhigstellung mittels einer
dorsalen Unterarmschiene auf 2 Wochen reduziert werden, ohne die Knochenheilung
zu kompromittieren.