bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Communication and soft power: Exploring the role of international media in building national image
Authors: Almakaty Safran Safar
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the complex relationship between international media and the soft power wielded by nations, focusing on how various communication strategies contribute to shaping national identities and images. Utilizing qualitative research methodology, this study is grounded in Joseph Nye's influential concept of soft power, which suggests that nations are increasingly prioritizing cultural appeal and effective communication over coercive measures to enhance their influence on the global stage. The research findings are structured into three main sections: the historical evolution of communication strategies in the international arena; the significant impact of media representations on the public perception of nations; and the contemporary challenges and opportunities brought about by digital platforms. Each section emphasizes the dual capacity of the media to mold perceptions, illustrating how favorable narratives can bolster a nation’s soft power, whereas negative portrayals can erode it. In conclusion, this paper asserts that adept media strategies are essential for countries to navigate the intricate landscape of international relations and foster positive global perceptions. It also encourages further research to deepen the understanding of these critical dynamics.
Swelling potential and swelling pressure calculation methods: A comprehensive review
Authors: Ibrahim Hawkar , Hummadi Rizgar
Published: January 2025

Expansive soils, characterized by volume changes due to variations in water content, significantly affect geotechnical engineering. Proper assessment of swelling potential and swelling pressure is essential for improving foundation design on expansive soils, enabling a reduction in risks arising from soil expansion. Different methods for measuring and calculating swelling potential and swelling pressure have been developed, ranging from empirical to analytical approaches, many of which are based on laboratory tests and analysis of soil properties. The paper presents a new classification of these methods, categorizing them into qualitative, semi-qualitative, and quantitative methods. Indirect methods of swell classification are qualitative and semi-qualitative approaches, which may be either single or multi-index methods. In contrast, quantitative approaches are direct methods based on laboratory or field test results. This review will provide researchers and engineers with an easy evaluation of the expansion potential of expansive soils using various methods.
Del estrado a la imprenta
Authors: Gómez González Inés
Published: January 2025

Los fondos antiguos de las grandes bibliotecas europeas y americanas custodian miles de alegaciones jurídicas impresas en el Antiguo Régimen. Estos alegatos, en los que se exponían los argumentos jurídicos de la defensa y se daba cuenta de los aspectos más destacados de los litigios, jugaron un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de los procesos judiciales; sin embargo, su función estrictamente judicial no explica por sí sola ni la ingente producción ni la circulación de esta literatura forense en los siglos modernos. Si las razones de la profusión de alegatos no fueron estrictamente judiciales, ¿qué perseguían los litigantes al publicarlos y difundirlos?, ¿quién era el público receptor de estos textos?, ¿cuáles fueron las vías de circularon oral y escrita?, ¿qué llevó a conservarlos y recopilarlos? El lector encontrará en las páginas de este libro la respuesta a estos y otros interrogantes sobre el significado de la publicación y circulación de informaciones en derecho en España y Francia durante la Edad Moderna, cuando los alegatos saltaron del estrado a la imprenta, traspasaron los muros de los palacios de justicia y entraron a formar parte del tribunal de la opinión. Los estudios aquí reunidos no olvidan la función judicial de las alegaciones, pero privilegian el análisis de su faceta extrajudicial desde el punto de vista de la historia social y cultural, acercándose a los usos sociales que hicieron los litigantes y al papel que jugó su circulación. En este sentido, se aborda el examen del discurso y la retórica de las informaciones en derecho, así como el estudio de los abogados que las redactaron; se incide igualmente en la naturaleza perfomativa de los alegatos y en su similitud con otros escritos parajurídicos; y se reflexiona asimismo sobre el público al que estaban destinadas las alegaciones y sobre su capacidad para incidir y/o crear opinión.
THE IMPACT OF INFLATION ON SMALL BUSINESSES
Authors:   Target International school, Uzbekistan, Sobir Mavlonov
Published: January 2025

Inflation is when the prices of goods and services increase over time. This impacts everyone, but small businesses face special challenges. They must deal with higher costs, changes in customer behavior, and difficulties keeping profits steady. This article explains how inflation affects small businesses in simple words and offers easy solutions, like saving money, using technology, and building customer loyalty.
REVIEW: THE IMPACT OF URBAN GROWTH ON THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC SERVICES IN THE CITY OF NAJAF
Authors:   University of Kufa, College of Education for Girls, Iraq, Salih Dhifaf Riyadh , Al-Fatlawi Prof. Dr. Hussein Jaaz Nasser ,   University of Kufa, College of Education for Girls, Iraq, Al-Hasnawi Prof. Dr. Jawad Kadhim Obaid ,   University of Kufa, College of Education for Girls, Iraq
Published: January 2025

Urban growth in the city of Najaf is a major challenge, due to its religious status and proximity to important countries in the Arab region. However, it is not impossible. Through sound comprehensive planning, investment in infrastructure, combating corruption, and imposing good governance, with the development of long-, medium-, and short-term strategies and their careful follow-up, the city of Najaf can be comparable to major cities on the global level, because it is equivalent in its visitors to well-known tourist cities such as Paris in France and London in Britain, as the number of visitors to Najaf annually reaches about 30 million visitors and tourists. If these procedures are implemented correctly, they will certainly play an important role in ensuring the effectiveness and efficiency of the services provided and thus improving the quality of life for citizens in the city. This potential for improved services should instill a sense of hope and optimism in the audience about the future of Najaf.
THE ROLE OF INTERPRETERS IN MEDICAL TOURISM
Authors:   Lecturer, Termez state university, Uzbekistan, Zebo Umarova
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this article was to investigate the role of specialized translators and interpreters of medical discourse in bringing satisfaction to health tourists. The goal was to find the effect of non-professional medical interpreters (translators) in breaking efficient patient-physician relationship. Nowadays, most foreign patients are accompanied by someone who is not familiar with medical terminology and just thanks to knowing a language he/she becomes an interpreter of a foreign patient. Ten foreign patients from different countries were investigated in this report.
EMOTIONAL SPHERE AND ITS PECULIARITIES IN ADOLESCENCE
Authors:   Oriental University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Department of ‘Pedagogy of Continuing Education’ Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Murotmusaev K.B. , Khatamova F.I. ,   Oriental University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Department of ‘Pedagogy of Continuing Education’ assistant of the department, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2025

This article deals with the issue of evaluation of emotional intelligence in adolescence of young generation. It gives a detailed description on the characteristic features of emotional intelligence and the importance of proper formation of emotional intelligence in adolescents in the stage of development as a person.
PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERRELATION OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, BURNOUT AND STRESS TOLERANCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION TEACHERS
Authors:   Alfraganus University, Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Professor of the Department, Doctor of Psychological Sciences. Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, Mingboyevich Umarov Bakhriddin
Published: January 2025

Correlation of emotional intelligence, burnout and stress resistance in senior teachers. The empirical study is aimed at identifying the relationship between emotional intelligence, stress resistance and burnout of senior teachers.
METHODS TEACHING RUSSIAN LANGUAGE IN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   Teacher Departments Uzbek language and literature Karshi engineering - economics institute, Uzbekistan, Pulatovna Rakhimova Dilrabo
Published: January 2025

This article provided information about the methodology of teaching Russian, what methods exist, as well as modern didactic games.
MEDICAL ASPECTS OF COMPREHENSIVE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF FLUOROSIS IN CHILDREN LIVING IN AN ENDEMIC AREA
Authors:   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Xusanovich Chaqqanov Faxriddin
Published: January 2025

Fluorosis is a dental condition resulting from excessive fluoride exposure during tooth development, leading to discoloration and structural defects in enamel. In endemic areas, where fluoride levels in water are naturally high, children are particularly vulnerable. This article discusses the medical aspects of comprehensive prevention and treatment of fluorosis in children, focusing on strategies to mitigate fluoride exposure, early detection, and effective treatment methods. Understanding these components is crucial for improving oral health outcomes in affected populations.
RESEARCH OF COMPREHENSIVE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF FLUOROSIS IN PRACTICE OF DENTIST
Authors:   Assistant of orthopedic dentistry, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Dilafruz Kosimova
Published: January 2025

Dental fluorosis is a developmental condition caused by excessive fluoride exposure during the formative years of enamel development. In endemic areas where fluoride levels in drinking water are high, the prevalence of dental fluorosis can be significant. This article explores the medical aspects of comprehensive prevention and treatment strategies for fluorosis in children, focusing on epidemiology, etiology, prevention methods, treatment options, and the importance of community education. Understanding these aspects is crucial for healthcare professionals working in endemic regions to mitigate the impact of fluorosis on children's oral health.
TOOTH PREPARATION AS A CRUCIAL STAGE IN HIGH-QUALITY MANUFACTURING OF DENTAL RESTORATIONS
Authors:   Department of orthopedic dentistry, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Dilafruz Kosimova
Published: January 2025

Tooth preparation is a fundamental step in the fabrication of high-quality dental restorations. It involves the careful removal of tooth structure to create an optimal environment for the placement of restoratives, ensuring both functional and aesthetic outcomes. This article explores the significance of tooth preparation in dental restoration processes, detailing methodologies, materials used, and the implications for overall treatment success. A thorough understanding of tooth preparation will aid dental professionals in achieving optimal results in restorative dentistry.
PREVENTION OF HIV INFECTION AMONG MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS
Authors:   Department of orthopedic dentistry, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Dilafruz Kosimova
Published: January 2025

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection remains a significant public health concern, particularly among medical professionals who are at increased risk due to their occupational exposure to blood and bodily fluids. This article explores strategies and practices for preventing HIV infection among healthcare workers, including education, safety protocols, and the use of preventive measures. Understanding these aspects is crucial for safeguarding the health of medical professionals and ensuring a safe healthcare environment.
IMPROVING THE PREVENTION OF INFLAMMATORY COMPLICATIONS AFTER DENTAL IMPLANTATION
Authors:   Dераrtmеnt оf Surgical Dentistry апd Dеntаl lmplantology, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Uzbekistan, Abdurashidovich Halmanov Bohodir , Farxodovich Axmadov Farrux ,   Dераrtmеnt оf Surgical Dentistry апd Dеntаl lmplantology, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2025

Dental implantation is the most relevant, promising and demanded direction in modern dentistry and prosthetics. According to statistical studies, the prevalence of dentition defects reaches 80% among the working-age population of Uzbekistan. These indicators indicate a high need of the population for orthopedic and surgical care. That is why dental implantation is so relevant today. Despite the many advantages, the rapid development and improvement of technologies, modern implantation has a significant drawback - complications in the postoperative period. As a result, the issue of developing preventive measures to reduce the risk of complications in the postoperative period during dental implantation is of great importance.
Distinctive aspects of Russian literature
Authors:   Teacher, Jizzakh state pedagogical university academic lyceum, Uzbekistan, Madina Jabborova , Adolat Boltaboeva ,   Jizzakh state pedagogical university academic lyceum, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2025

This article explores the distinctive aspects of Russian literature, highlighting its rich themes, historical context, and influential authors. Key themes include the struggle between the individual and society, existential inquiries, and the role of suffering as a pathway to enlightenment. The analysis of major works by iconic writers such as Fyodor Dostoevsky, Leo Tolstoy, and Anton Chekhov reveals a deep engagement with the human condition. Additionally, the impact of socio-political changes, from the imperial era to the Soviet period, is examined, illustrating how these factors shape the unique identity and enduring relevance of Russian literary tradition.
Remoção cirúrgica de tórus mandibular bilateral com finalidade protética: um relato de caso
Authors: Silva Mateus Torres e , Santos Moisés Araújo Lima Verde , Sousa Ynara Maria Gomes de , Silva Sabrini Maria Soares da , Oliveira Maria Eduarda de Freitas Santana , Rodrigues Letícia Gabriella de Souza , Tavares Paulo Matheus Honda , Souza Francisley Ávila , Mendes Bruno Coelho
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Relatar um caso clínico de remoção de tórus mandibular bilateral e osteoplastia para reabilitação oral com prótese parcial removível. Métodos: Paciente gênero feminino, 67 anos, apresentou por meio de exame clínico e radiográfico, tórus mandibular bilateral. A conduta definida foi exérese cirúrgica da exostose para viabilizar a reabilitação oral com prótese parcial removível. Foi realizado uma incisão sobre a crista alveolar, estendendo-se 1 cm além das margens do tórus. A osteoplastia foi realizada com broca maxicut montada em peça reta de mão. Sutura interrompida simples foi realizada com fio de nylon 4.0 na crista do rebordo e nas regiões papilares. Resultados: Neste caso, obteve-se sucesso na remoção total do tórus mandibular bilateral, o qual apresentou reparo tecidual sem comprometimento local ou complicação pós-operatória. A paciente seguiu com a reabilitação oral protética. Conclusão: A remoção cirúrgica de tórus mandibulares bilateral extensos se torna necessária para garantir a adaptação eficaz de próteses parciais removíveis como no caso relatado. Isso garante o restabelecimento funcional e estético e melhora a qualidade de vida do paciente.
Cirurgia plástica reparadora para pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS): uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Matos Gabriel Luís Castilho , Castro Vinicius Ferreira de Lima , Sousa Janiele Domiciano Dantas de , Landim Maria Teresa de Oliveira Paes , Sotero Filho José Wilson Magalhães , Colares Gabriel Lucas Galvan Soares , Carlette Mariana Coelho , Luz Matheus Oliveira , Santos Eduardo Rosseto dos , Rosi Laura Victoria Bravo Rodrigues , Braga Raphael Alves Gomes , Tsutsumi Ariane Abreu , Spode Keylane Rios , Rios Emidio Fernandes , Mouchalouat Filho Paulo Cesar
Published: January 2025

A cirurgia plástica reparadora pós-bariátrica no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) desempenha um papel fundamental na recuperação física, funcional e psicológica de pacientes que enfrentaram perda significativa de peso, além de retomar a autoestima deste paciente. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a relevância, os desafios e os impactos da oferta desses procedimentos no sistema público de saúde brasileiro. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho foi uma revisão narrativa baseada em literatura científica e documentos oficiais, permitindo explorar os benefícios, limitações e desigualdades regionais no acesso a esses serviços. Os resultados apontam para a importância da ampliação do acesso, melhorias no manejo interdisciplinar e no financiamento, além de destacar o impacto positivo das cirurgias reparadoras na qualidade de vida e reintegração social dos pacientes. Conclui-se que a implementação de políticas públicas mais eficientes e a promoção da equidade são essenciais para superar as barreiras e garantir o direito à saúde integral.
A segregação racial como legitimadora do encarceramento em massa da mulher negra
Authors: Almeida Yann Dieggo Souza Timótheo de , Oliveira Tiago Rege de , Santos Wenas Silva , Souza Warllans Wagner Xavier
Published: January 2025

O encarceramento em massa de mulheres negras no Brasil é uma manifestação das desigualdades estruturais perpetuadas pelo racismo, machismo e disparidades socioeconômicas. Este artigo analisa criticamente o perfil da população prisional feminina a partir de um recorte interseccional que considera raça, gênero e classe, evidenciando como a segregação racial e as políticas da guerra às drogas agravam a marginalização das mulheres negras. Além disso, discute-se o impacto do histórico de escravização, que moldou um sistema de justiça seletivo e punitivo, perpetuando a exclusão social. A metodologia qualitativa, fundamentada em revisão bibliográfica, permitiu explorar como essas mulheres, majoritariamente oriundas de contextos vulneráveis, enfrentam condições degradantes no cárcere e no pós-encarceramento. A pesquisa conclui que a ausência de políticas públicas eficazes e inclusivas reforça os ciclos de desigualdade e criminalização, demandando ações interseccionais que combatam o racismo estrutural e assegurem os direitos humanos. O artigo está estruturado em introdução, desenvolvimento, considerações finais e referências.
Intervenção educativa na capacitação em primeiros socorros com professores de educação infantil: estudo quase experimental
Authors: Irineo Hortência Machado , Rabito Lucas Benedito Fogaça , Rodrigues Raissa Aparecida Pagliarini Waidman Paroschi , Matos Endric Passos , Fabbri Felipe , Souza Nathalie Campana de , Barbosa Samira Goldberg Rego , Sanches Rafaely de Cassia Nogueira
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Avaliar uma intervenção educativa sobre primeiros socorros para professores da educação infantil de uma escola municipal. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção quase-experimental do tipo pré e pós-teste, realizada junto a 30 profissionais da educação infantil de uma escola municipal, composta de três etapas: aplicação do questionário contendo 17 questões, totalizando 15 pontos, sobre primeiros socorros, intervenção teórico/prática, e reaplicação do questionário. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise descritiva simples. Resultados: O perfil dos participantes aponta para: sexo feminino 100%, média de 41,4 anos e 77% possuíam ensino superior completo. Em relação ao treinamento, a média de pontos no pré-teste foi de 9,08 e no pós-teste de 12,85 pontos. Os participantes com treinamento anterior tiveram média de pontuação 1,38 maior do que os demais participantes no pré-teste. Ocorreu aumento de confiança em aplicar primeiros socorros em 77% mesmo nos participantes sem treinamentos anteriores. Conclusão: A intervenção realizada com professores do centro municipal de educação infantil estudado foi efetiva pois demonstrou um aumento significativo conhecimentos e das condutas em relação aos primeiros socorros.
Pembelajaran Keterampilan Menulis Kalimat Tanya dari Kalimat Berita Menggunakan Pendekatan Keterampilan Proses
Authors: Amiliah  , Hodman
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: 1) pembelajaran keterampilan menulis kalimat tanya dari kalimat berita menggunakan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui bahan ajar formatif; 2) hasil belajar keterampilan menulis kalimat tanya dari kalimat berita menggunakan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui bahan ajar formatif. Penelitian ini berlangsung di awal semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2024/2025 siswa kelas 5 SD Negeri 012 Nunukan. Populasi dan sampel sebanyak 10 siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran. Instrumen tes mengubah kalimat deklaratif menjadi kalimat tanya digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data hasil belajar. Pedoman observasi digunakan untuk mengobservasi kegiatan belajar-mengajar keterampilan menulis kalimat tanya dari kalimat berita menggunakan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui bahan ajar formatif. Daftar cek-ricek digunakan untuk memvalidasi secara internal rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran keterampilan mengubah kalimat deklaratif kepada kalimat tanya menggunakan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui bahan ajar formatif. Data hasil belajar dianalisis menggunakan prosedur statistik deskriptif yakni mean dan persen. Hasil penelitian: 1) pembelajaran keterampilan menulis kalimat tanya dari kalimat berita menggunakan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui bahan ajar formatif melibatkan 3 kegiatan awal, 23 kegiatan inti, dan 2 kegiatan akhir; 2) hasil belajar keterampilan menulis kalimat tanya dari kalimat berita menggunakan pendekatan keterampilan proses melalui bahan ajar formatif siswa kelas 5 SD Negeri 012 Nunukan melewati mean baku minimal 70,00 yakni 88,00.
SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR FAMILIES OF PATIENTS WITH PROLONGED ICU ADMISSION: CHALLENGES, NEEDS, AND INTERVENTION STRATEGIES
Authors: Da Silva Renato Canevari Dutra , Da Silva Ivanei Rodrigues , Mendes Joyce Lara de Lima , Machado Lara Cândida de Sousa , Freire Victor Garcia , Quirino Fernanda Silvana Pereira , Limírio Pedro Henrique Justino Oliveira , Karam Frederick Khalil , Canevari Carlabianca Cabral de Jesus , Arantes Ana Paula Félix
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze social support for families of patients in prolonged ICU hospitalization, identifying their challenges, needs, and intervention strategies. The methodology employed consists of a systematic literature review conducted across major academic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and Google Scholar, using keywords related to the topic. Peer-reviewed articles published in the last 10 years, addressing social support in the ICU context, were included. After selecting the studies, a qualitative analysis was performed to identify the main emerging themes, such as social support strategies, emotional needs of families, challenges faced during prolonged hospitalization, and the psychological impacts of this experience. The quality assessment of the studies included an analysis of methodological robustness, clarity in sample definitions, and the depth of interventions. The key findings indicate that families of critically ill patients face high levels of stress, anxiety, and psychological suffering, necessitating adequate social support to mitigate these impacts. Strategies such as emotional support, clear communication, and interdisciplinary care were highlighted as effective. The review also revealed gaps in the literature, particularly regarding the long-term effectiveness of interventions and the impact of communication technologies. The final considerations emphasize the importance of humanized practices and the integrated role of the multiprofessional team in providing effective social support to families, as well as suggesting further research on innovative interventions and technologies in social support.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE HIPERDIA PROGRAM IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Authors: Pereira Fagner Marques , Cavalini Maria Clara Andrade , Malaquias Délio Tiago Martins , do Nascimento Rafael Pinheiro , Furtado Daniella Campos , Maciel João Pedro Silva Damas , Almeida Isabelly Caroliny , Santos Marilza de Oliveira , Contar Leonardo Haidar , Oliveira Marcos Daniel Gomes
Published: January 2025

The Hiperdia Program, implemented in Brazil, is a fundamental strategy in the control and management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in primary health care. This integrative review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the program in improving treatment adherence, reducing complications, and promoting patients' quality of life. We selected 20 articles published between 2013 and 2023, in databases such as PubMed, Scielo, and Lilacs, using the descriptors "Hiperdia," "hypertension," "diabetes," "primary care," and "chronic disease management." The results demonstrate that Hiperdia is effective in identifying, registering and monitoring patients, promoting educational actions and ensuring access to essential medicines. Studies point to significant improvements in treatment adherence and in the reduction of hospitalizations due to cardiovascular and metabolic complications. However, challenges include gaps in infrastructure, discontinuity of funding, and difficulties in integrating health teams. It is proposed to expand technological support, training of professionals and telemonitoring strategies as tools to enhance the results of the program. It is concluded that Hiperdia is essential for the confrontation of chronic non-communicable diseases, but requires greater investment and strategic planning to consolidate its effectiveness in primary care.
Peran BUMDes Dalam Meningkatkan Perekonomian Masyarakat Di Desa
Authors: Muh. Syata Wahyu
Published: January 2025

Penggerak utama pembangunan nasional berada pada sumbangsih dari ekonomi pedesaan. Berbagai potensi desa yang ditawarkan oleh desa sebagai sumber pembangunan harus dimanfaatkan oleh stakeholder. Salah satu tujuan dari BUMDes yaitu peningkatan perekonomian desa sehingga perlu dukungan dari pemerintah desa dalam merespon terbentuknya BUMDes. BUMDes perlu melakukan kolaborasi antar pemerintah dan pihak swasta dalam melakukan pembinaan dan pelatihan bagi anggota BUMDes. Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) mampu mengidentifikasi dan mengelola potensi desa dengan baik menjadi produk yang berkualitas dan dilakukan oleh tenaga ahli. BUMDes berperan sebagai wirausaha, menciptakan peluang bisnis, menghasikan tenaga ahli dan meningkatkan pendapatan asli desa. BUMDes akan menjadi pilar ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat  di desa.
The Offering Rituals in Thailand’s Agricultural Festival: The Dual Construction of Nature Worship and Cultural Identity
Authors: Lertpiboon Pratya
Published: January 2025

Thailand’s agricultural festivals are rich cultural phenomena where offering rituals intertwine nature worship with the construction of cultural identity. Rooted in the country’s agrarian traditions, these rituals express reverence for natural forces, particularly through veneration of deities like Mae Phosop, the Rice Goddess. Such practices emphasize the spiritual significance of ecological harmony and sustainable agricultural practices. Concurrently, these festivals serve as vital expressions of Thai cultural heritage, uniting diverse communities through shared traditions, folk performances, and ceremonial activities. This duality—addressing spiritual needs while reinforcing cultural identity—renders these rituals deeply relevant in both historical and contemporary contexts. As globalization and modernization influence Thai society, these rituals have evolved to incorporate eco-conscious practices and digital outreach, ensuring their resonance with modern values. Ultimately, Thailand’s offering rituals reflect a profound synthesis of devotion, sustainability, and cultural pride, illustrating their role in shaping a cohesive and adaptable national identity.
Strengthening Ocean Science Capacity: Insights from the West Africa Marine Science Symposium
Authors:   University of Ghana, Mahu Edem , Luthringer Julia , Koranteng Kwame , Kailey Ankrah Annette
Published: January 2025

West Africa has an extensive coastline stretching 7,367 km over 12 mainland countries and two archipelagos. The region’s coastal and marine ecosystems are among the most productive and biologically diverse in the world. However, the ocean resources are under intense anthropogenic pressures encompassing pollution, habitat degradation, biodiversity loss, overfishing, and climate-change-​induced sea level rise. These challenges call for science-based and community-led actions to reverse current negative trends. Unfortunately, poor capacity to understand West Africa’s ocean is an age-old struggle by scientists in the region, and it remains among the least studied globally.
Escudo Digital - un curso interactivo de ciberseguridad para la Unidad Educativa Isaac Jesús Barrera
Authors: Jiménez Hurtado Kevin Alexander
Published: January 2025

Este artículo presenta el desarrollo de un curso interactivo, MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) enfocado en ciberseguridad para los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Isaac Jesús Barrera, ubicada en Otavalo, Ecuador. El objetivo es fortalecer la conciencia y protección digital a través de materiales educativos digitales. Utilizando un enfoque de métodos mixtos, se diseñó un curso interactivo para mejorar la comprensión de los estudiantes sobre los riesgos digitales y las medidas prácticas de ciberseguridad. Los resultados muestran una mejora significativa en la conciencia de ciberseguridad de los estudiantes, con niveles de conocimiento que aumentaron del 25% al 85% después de completar el MOOC. El curso ayudó a los estudiantes a reconocer amenazas digitales como el phishing y a aplicar medidas de seguridad efectivas, demostrando que los MOOCs pueden ser una herramienta eficaz en la educación digital.
Nutritional Performance of Extracted Soybean, Full-Fat Soya and Maize Gluten Meal Compared to a Fishmeal-Based Reference Diet for Juvenile Tilapia (Oreochromis Mossambicus)
Authors: Bell Matt Elliott , Davies Simon John
Published: January 2025

Modern diets for aquaculture are highly complex and utilize a broad range of ingredients, including animal and plant byproducts. This study focused on the rationale of obtaining primary nutritional responses of tilapia evaluating two major ingredients, namely soybean meal and maize gluten meals by replacing fishmeal at set levels of incorporation. A two-onth investigation evaluated selected plant protein sources compared to fish meal protein in scientifically formulated diets for fingerling tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Six nutritionally balanced diets: one reference (control) diet (fish-meal based diet), three selected plant proteins (solvent extracted soybean, full-fat soybean, and maize gluten) were substituted for the LT (Low Temperature dried) fish-meal-based control diet protein at 50% respectively, and the remaining diets were replaced with 75% inclusion of solvent extracted soybean and maize gluten meals. Results showed that solvent extracted soybean meal, 50 (SESB50), Full fat soybean, 50% (FFSB50) and Maize gluten, 50% (MG50) fed tilapia did not appreciably differ in their growth performance (percent weight gain of 279.36, 249.23, and 194.13% respectively) with a final mean weight of 14.95g being significantly superior (<0.05) for the fishmeal control (CO) group. Substitution of fish meal with solvent-extracted soybean and maize gluten at levels of 75% gave the poorest growth performance and Feed Efficiency (FE) (7.01g final weight, 51% FE). However, the MG50 diet also showed inferior feed utilisation performance. However, tilapia fed on a full-fat soybean diet (FFSB50) did not vary significantly from the control (CON) diet in terms of protein utilisation (ANPU) at 34.20% and 37.53% respectively. Whilst this preliminary study concluded that limitations on the use of the selected plant proteins in diets for tilapia are apparent, several approaches that could result in the future improvement of the nutritional value of soybean and maize gluten products for use in fish diets are also stated.
Buckling of perforated discs
Authors:   Strength of Materials Department, Politehnica University of Bucharest, ATANASIU COSTICĂ , SOROHAN STEFAN ,   Strength of Materials Department, Politehnica University of Bucharest
Published: January 2025

The paper presents the results obtained regarding the stability of discs perforated by two, four and 96 circular holes. Circular discs are subjected to two types of loadings: diametrical compression by concentrated forces and radial compression produced by an equivalent uniformly distributed load on the contour of the disks. The influence of the radius of the holes, the distance between the holes and the way of applying the loads, on the value of the critical buckling load is investigated. The results obtained by the finite element method are compared with those obtained in the case of non-perforated disks with the same support conditions and required with the same loads. At the same time, the forms of loss of stability and the values of the buckling safety coefficients for the analyzed disks are determined
Advanced fabrication and characterization of ZrB2 reinforcement AA6063 matrix composites
Authors:   National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei, 313, Bucharest, Romania, MOLDOVAN PETRU , BUTU MIHAI ,   COMOTI - Romanian Research & Development Institute for Gas Turbines, B-dul Iuliu Maniu, 220D, sector 6, 061126, Bucharest, Romania., BRANZEI MIHAI ,   National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei, 313, Bucharest, Romania, STANCEL CONSTANTIN-DOMENIC ,   National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei, 313, Bucharest, Romania, ROSU LUCIAN ,   National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei, 313, Bucharest, Romania
Published: January 2025

The development of aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced with ZrB2 particles represents a significant advancement in materials engineering, combining lightweight properties with exceptional mechanical. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the in-situ fabrication of AA6063/ZrB2 composites, exploring the material properties, and potential industrial applications. By employing in-situ reaction techniques, ZrB2 particles are synthesized directly within an aluminum alloy matrix, resulting in a strong interfacial bond and uniform dispersion. The effects of fabrication parameters on the microstructure and properties of the composites are thoroughly investigated. The study highlights the improvements in hardness positioning these composites as promising materials for aerospace, automotive, and high-temperature applications.
The degree of awareness of the risk of microplastic particles/people’s perception in taking preventive measures for this type of risk
Authors:   Doctoral School “Environmental Science”, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, POP VALERIA , OZUNU ALEXANDRU ,   Babeș-Bolyai University, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania 3Disaster Management Training and Education Centre for Africa (DiMTEC), University of the Free State, Nelson Mandela Street, Bloemfontein SA-9300, South Africa 4ASTR - Technical Sciences Academy of Roma
Published: January 2025

Microplastic particle (Mps) pollution is and will continue to be threatening to the entire planet. There is still no clear and complete information about the effects of Mps. In the field of research, the data held so far is enough to have reasons for concern about this global phenomenon that shows an upward trend in global plastic production. The persistence in all four environmental factors and the extreme diversity of Mps lead to high levels of uncertainty in hazard and exposure estimates for this type of risk. Why do we produce plastic? Due to its durability, rigidity, and even abrasion. Currently, few studies have examined how individuals perceive these particles. Our research is based on how Romanians perceive risk Mps and how such risk perception affects people’s pro environmental behavioral intention. The research method is based on a survey (questionnaire) of 409 people from all over Romania, sent online through different platforms. GDPR rules were taken into account when preparing the questionnaire so that respondents are not asked for their personal data. One of the questions in the questionnaire measures the following statements on a scale from 1 to 7, where 1 represents total disagreement and 7, total agreement. Affirmations: R1 - Taking measures against Mps pollution in your household will cost too much money;/R 2 - Mitigating Mps pollution will cost too much time;/ R 3 - Lack of space, hard-to-change habits, and physical effort required are inconveniences for taking de-pollution measures or to mitigate Mps pollution. The results of our study show that in Romania, the perception of individuals in the decision to take measures against Mps pollution costs too much money, obtaining a percentage of 13.30% (total agreement - 7). Time is not a variable obtained in the survey that creates problems for respondents in helping to mitigate Mps pollution. The lack of space in Correspondence address: valeria.bob@yahoo.com 210 Pop V. and Ozunu A. / The degree of awareness of the risk of microplastic particle… Romanian households is a variable where a percentage of 18.76% was obtained (total agreement-7), this being an inconvenience to take depollution measures with Mps. A closer examinatio n of people's perceptions supports the design of appropriate interventions that can reduce plastic consumption, promote proper disposal, and thus decrease Mps pollution risks with benefits to human health and the environment.
Selecting the TMF alternatives based on the multi-criteria decision analysis
Authors:   Technical Sciences Academy of Romania, STEMATIU DAN
Published: January 2025

Multiple criteria decision analysis, or MCDA, is a structured process for evaluating options with conflicting criteria and choosing the best solution. MCDA is similar to a cost-benefit analysis but evaluates numerous criteria, rather than just cost. It allows to identifying and comparing different options by assessing their impacts, performances, advantages, and disadvantages, leading to a consistent decision-making. In order to underline the benefits of this approach the paper presents a study case selected from the mining industry. The Certej gold mining project is located within the Apuseni and Metaliferi mountains of Romania. The processing of the Certej ore deposit needs tailings management facilities (TMF). The Flotation TMF will be required to house 40.5 million tones of tailings during mining life. In the area of the project were found two possible locations with certain advantages and disadvantages. Selection of the most advantageous option based on MCDA is presented in the paper.
Problems of Stokes’ law application in determining the settling velocity of clays
Authors:   1 Institute of Petroleum Studies, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria 2Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, OGOLO NAOMI A. , ONYEKONWU MIKE O. ,   1 Institute of Petroleum Studies, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria 2Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, MICHAEL ABBEY T. ,   Institute of Petroleum Studies, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria 2Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Published: January 2025

Clay sedimentation is important for various applications including settling of drilling mud during downtime in drilling operations, and it is essential to model such processes. A widely accepted theory that explains the kinetics of dispersed particles under gravitational pull in a quiescent medium is Stokes’ law. This law is commendable and reliable for modelling the settling velocity of particles but has been reported to be inadequate for modelling the settling velocity of clays. This has prompted a re-examination of the law with regard to assumptions made in deriving it, and it was found that several factors associated with clay sedimentation were not considered in the law. These factors include particle shape, size, interactions, flocculation, salinity, pH value, concentration and hindrance velocity of settling. Hence, this paper discusses these factors and how they defy assumptions made in Stokes’ law, thereby rendering the law unsuitable for modeling clay settlement in liquids.
Critical safety systems development. Railway applications
Authors:   Softronic Co., Calea Severinului 40, 200609 Craiova, Romania 2 Technical Sciences Academy of Romania, 26 Dacia Blvd, 030167, Bucharest, Romania, ZLATIAN RADU , DRESCA OVIDIU ,   Softronic Co., Calea Severinului 40, 200609 Craiova, Romania 2 Technical Sciences Academy of Romania, 26 Dacia Blvd, 030167, Bucharest, Romania, RACHIERU DANIELA ,   Softronic Co., Calea Severinului 40, 200609 Craiova, Romania 2 Technical Sciences Academy of Romania, 26 Dacia Blvd, 030167, Bucharest, Romania, BOSTINA STEFAN ,   Softronic Co., Calea Severinului 40, 200609 Craiova, Romania 2 Technical Sciences Academy of Romania, 26 Dacia Blvd, 030167, Bucharest, Romania
Published: January 2025

The article presents the issues of hazards from the point of view of the European Union's policy on consumer protection and the railway industry. In this regard, Union policy establishes that legislative regulations for any product group must only relate to the essential requirements that can significantly influence the safety of people, the environment, and property, while the technical characteristics are established by harmonized standards. The European Union has issued legislative regulations for all fields of activity. These regulations establish the essential requirements and how they should be reflected in the product or service being developed. In the railway field, the legislation consists of the Directive on the interoperability of the railway system, the Directive on railway safety, and the implementing regulations. Essential requirements comprise functional, technical, contextual, and safety requirements. Achieving a product that meets essential requirements and is safe for people, the environment, infrastructure, and property is possible through a special process – design for safety – whose principles are outlined in this article
An analysis of water from Prut river near Cahul City
Authors:   Dunarea de Jos” University, 47 Domneasca, 800008, Galati, Romania, GÎRNEȚ DINU , MURARIU GABRIEL ,   Dunarea de Jos” University, 47 Domneasca, 800008, Galati, Romania, OJOC GEORGE GHIOCEL ,   Autonomous Flight Technologies, 1 Aeroportului, Clinceni, Romania, VASILIU ALEXANDRU VIOREL ,   Dunarea de Jos” University, 47 Domneasca, 800008, Galati, Romania, BRASOVEANU RAMONA ,   Dunarea de Jos” University, 47 Domneasca, 800008, Galati, Romania, DELEANU LORENA ,   Dunarea de Jos” University, 47 Domneasca, 800008, Galati, Romania
Published: January 2025

Prut river has particular evolutions of its characteristics due to its geographical and political position (as border river between Romania and Moldova), specific climate and human activities (agriculture and industry). The dependences of analyzed characteristics mainly on seasons reflect that human activities is not yet dominant in modifying these parameters. The water sampling station is located near the city of Cahul, an emerging city as concerning economic, academic and social life in Republic of Moldova. Based on the survey during the years 2018-2022, the following conclusions on water of Prut River could be drawn. Prut water characteristics has specific evolutions due to its geographical position, specific climate and human activities, also because this survey included the pandemic years. Except for pH, all other here-analyzed characteristics are more or less seasonally dependent.
Fundamentals for very long term planning
Authors:   ASTR – Technical Sciences Academy of Romania, Calea Victoriei, 118, Bucharest, Romania, CUNCEV IOAN
Published: January 2025

After the economy, education, health system, culture, society in general were almost completely destroyed in the last decades, the Romanian civilization must be rebuilt, on new foundations, considering top trends. Being a complex action, the reconstruction and relaunching of the country on the way to development could be planned and carried out on the basis of very long-term strategies from which the plans for more and more detailed terms can later be extracted. The strategies must start from fundamental strategic principles that target the major objectives of the national interest, as well as the objectives of interest in the international arena in which the country is involved. From many possible principles, we comment only a few, less discussed, for exemplification.
Longer disease progression milestone-free time in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treated versus not treated with intravenous edaravone: results from an administrative claims analysis
Authors: Berry James D , Hagan Melissa , Zhang Jeffrey , Liu Ying , Ciepielewska Malgorzata
Published: January 2025

Aim:
To estimate time-to-progression milestones in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (PALS) treated versus not treated with intravenous (IV) edaravone (Radicava
®
IV, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma America [MTPA], hereafter “IV edaravone”) in a real-world setting.
Background:
IV edaravone is US FDA approved for the treatment of ALS and was shown in clinical trials to slow the rate of physical functional decline.
Patients & methods:
This retrospective observational analysis included PALS continuously enrolled in Optum's Clinformatics
®
Data Mart between 8 August 2017 and 31 December 2021. Cases treated with IV edaravone and controls not treated with IV edaravone were propensity score matched for: age, sex, race, US region of residence, pre-index disease duration, insurance, riluzole prescription; and pre-index claims for cardiovascular disease, artificial nutrition/gastrostomy tube, noninvasive ventilation and all-cause hospitalization. The index date was the first IV edaravone claim for cases; for controls, the index date was randomly assigned after IV edaravone market availability. Restricted mean time lost was calculated for the following disease progression milestones: new use of canes/walkers/wheelchairs, artificial nutrition, noninvasive ventilation, invasive ventilation, speech-generating devices and hospice.
Results:
Cases (n = 395) were matched to controls (n = 395). Cases had less restricted mean time lost, indicating longer disease progression milestone-free time, for all disease progression milestones. From 0 to 24 months post index, more cases (n = 129) than controls (n = 103) reported no milestones and more controls (n = 232) than cases (n = 131) reported deaths.
Conclusion:
In a US-based real-world setting, IV edaravone-treated PALS had a longer time to disease progression milestone events and fewer deaths in 2 years compared with PALS not treated with IV edaravone.