bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SSESSMENT OF UNIVERSITY ACTIVITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE GOALS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   National Transport University, Dmytrychenko Nykolay , Gryshchuk Oleksandr ,   National Transport University, Kharuta Vitalii ,   National Transport University, Kharchenko Anna ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

Summary. The article is devoted to the analysis of the university's activities in the context of compliance with the UN sustainable development goals. In accordance with the tasks of the Transformational Learning Network for Resilience - Enabling Ukrainian higher education to ensure a sustainable and robust reconstruction of (post-war) Ukraine (TransLearnN) project, in which the National Transorthian University participates from 2024, the university's activities in the direction of compliance with the goals of sustainable development. In particular, it was determined which areas of activity of NTU are declared in the main regulatory documents of the university, which correspond to the goals of sustainable development. A PEST and SWOT analysis of the university's activities was also carried out, the main measures and promising steps for the sustainable development of NTU in the near future were determined. The participation of the National Transport University in the Transformational Learning Network for Resilience - Enabling Ukrainian higher education to ensure a sustainable and robust reconstruction of (post-war) Ukraine (TransLearnN) project contributed to a comprehensive analysis of the university's activities in the context of the UN sustainable development goals.
Keywords: goals of sustainable development, higher education, analysis of university activities, strategic planning of sustainable development
EFFICIENCY OF THE ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING SYSTEMS OF NONLINEAR EQUATIONS BASED ON EXTRAPOLATION OF DISPLACEMENTS
Authors:   National Transport University, Kuzminets Mykola , Maksymyuk Yuriy ,   Київський національний університет будівництва і архітектури, Martynyuk Ivan ,   Київський національний університет будівництва і архітектури, Maksymyuk Oleksandr ,   Київський національний університет будівництва і архітектури
Published: December 2024

Summary. Simulation of long-term processes of physically and geometrically nonlinear deformation requires the use of step algorithms. Such algorithms can be constructed on the basis of the iterative procedure described in [2-5, 8-10]. When it is implemented, the efficiency can be increased by changing the stiffness matrix by recalculating the coordinates of the components of the instantaneous stiffness tensor of the elastoplastic material or by extrapolating the displacements in the next step solution of the problem. In this regard, this article conducts a study of the reliability and efficiency of the results of solving physically and geometrically nonlinear problems using the above-mentioned approaches. This was done by solving a number of test cases, and by analyzing the errors relative to the reference and experimental data, and the computational costs required to solve the problems.
Keywords. physically nonlinear deformation, geometrically nonlinear deformation, numerical methods, creep deformations taking into account material damage, finite element method (MSE), plane-deformed and axisymmetric solids, form change, viscoelasticity, step-by-step algorithm.
RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF CORROSION ON THE DURABILITY OF TRANSPORTATION STRUCTURES USING INHIBITORS AND THE ACOUSTIC EMISSION METHOD
Authors:   National Transport University, Onyshchenko Artur , Bashkevych Iryna ,   National Transport University, Yanchuk Leonid ,   National Transport University, Horiunov Anton
Published: December 2024

Summary. This article examines the effect of metal corrosion on the durability of transport structures. The operational condition of transport structures is determined by their ability to withstand working loads and environmental factors over their design life. Corrosion of elements can significantly affect the characteristics of the structure, leading to a reduction in its strength and resistance to loads. In particular, corroded elements can lose their structural properties, contributing to the appearance of cracks, deformations, and other defects. Such defects deteriorate the serviceability of the structure, increase the risk of accidents, and reduce the overall level of safety.
This article presents the results of an experimental study on the effect of corrosion inhibitors on the crack resistance of transport structures. The study was carried out using modern inhibitors that have demonstrated their effectiveness under various operating conditions. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that the use of corrosion inhibitors can significantly extend the service life of transport structures.
The method used to experimentally study the effect of corrosion inhibitors was the acoustic emission method. This method allows for the recording and analysis of acoustic waves in the material of the structure as they change due to scattering from cracking or corrosion. The use of the acoustic emission method provides accurate data on the development of corrosion processes and the effectiveness of the applied inhibitors.
The results obtained have important practical implications for ensuring the safety and reliability of transport structures, as well as for reducing maintenance and repair costs. Maintaining the proper operational condition of transport structures is crucial for ensuring their functionality and safety, especially under conditions of intensive use and aggressive environmental impact.

Keywords: transport structures, durability, crack resistance, corrosion, corrosion inhibitors, acoustic emission
STUDY OF PRECIPITATION CHARACTERISTICS FOR CALCULATIONS OF SURFACE WATER DRAINAGE AND MOISTURE INFILTRATION INTO THE SOIL OF ROAD SUBGRADE
Authors:   National Transport University, Petrovych Volodymyr , Kаsai Kostiantyn ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The article examines the impact of precipitation characteristics on surface drainage and moisture infiltration into the soil of road embankments. Relevance. In light of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine, the construction of new roads and the reconstruction of existing ones have been relegated to the background. However, issues related to road construction, especially those requiring scientific justification, must be addressed today. The reliability and durability of pavement significantly depend on the condition of the soil foundation, which serves as the basis for the entire structure. Analysis of numerous reports on road sections with defects in the embankment and pavement indicates that the primary cause of these defects is the excessive moisture in the working area soil, caused by inadequate drainage, defects in the pavement, insufficient soil compaction, and the use of unsuitable materials. Keywords: highway, moisture, soil, rain, embankment, infiltration, precipitation.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF WEATHER AND CLIMATE FACTORS ON THE CAPACITY OF ROADS AND BRIDGE CROSSINGS
Authors:   National Transport University, Savenko Vyacheslav , Bubela Andriy ,   National Transport University, Chechuha Oleksand ,   National Transport University, Feschenko Anna ,   National Transport University, Vorontsov Yaroslav ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technology
Published: December 2024

Summary. The paper considers the main indicators of traffic capacity, which depend on a large number of factors: road conditions (roadway width, longitudinal slope, radius of curves in the plan, visibility distance, etc.), composition of the traffic flow, the ability to maneuver cars along the roadway width, psychophysiological characteristics of drivers, especially weather and climatic conditions. It has been determined that changes in these factors lead to significant fluctuations in traffic capacity during the day, month, season, and year. Reducing the capacity of highways and bridge crossings leads to an increase in the concentration of road traffic accidents (RTAs) and an increase in accidents.
Determining the traffic capacity is necessary not only to identify areas that need to be improved, but also to assess the efficiency and convenience of the entire traffic flow along the route, and to select effective traffic management tools.
Keywords: highway, road transport, road safety, road conditions, road traffic accidents (RTAs), bridge crossing, traffic management, weather conditions, weather and climate factors, traffic capacity.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR ROAD CONSTRUCTION WITHIN FOREST ECOSYSTEMS
Authors:   National Transport University, Barabash Olena , Pokshevnytska Tetiana ,   National Transport University, Khrutba Olha ,   National Transport University, Khrutba Yuliya ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) represents a pivotal stage in the decision-making process for the implementation of a planned activity, particularly in instances where road construction in forests may have a detrimental impact on vulnerable forest ecosystems. The primary objective of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to guarantee that, prior to the commencement of the planned activity, not only are the scale and significance of potential environmental impacts resulting from the planned activity considered and taken into account, but also the environmental issues prevalent in the project area, as well as the interests of all stakeholders. In the article, the authors emphasise the importance of effective public involvement in the EIA process and the necessity of considering state, public and private interests in decision-making. The article emphasises the necessity of developing transparent and comprehensible criteria for a diverse range of stakeholders in order to enhance transparency and public participation in the environmental impact assessment process. In order to assess the impact of road construction on forest ecosystems, the authors propose the use of a system of indicators that reflect the impact on public health, economic efficiency, and social impacts. The assessment methodology is based on the spatial scale, duration, and gradation of impact intensity. The objective of this assessment structure is to enhance public comprehension of the findings of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) by presenting them in a section designated "Summary of non-technical information for a wide audience" in the EIA report on the proposed activity.
The article emphasises the importance of public involvement and transparency in the EIA process, and proposes a methodology for assessing the impact of road construction on forest ecosystems that can be useful for decision makers and the public during public discussion of the EIA report on the planned activity. The proposed assessment criteria will assist those without special knowledge in fully understanding the indicators used.
Keywords: environmental impact assessment; road construction; forest ecosystems; environmental impact assessment criteria; stakeholder communications.
INNOVATIVE CHANGES IN PERSONNEL DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors:   National Transport University, Haidai Anna , Dudka Tamara ,   National Transport University, Petrovska Svitlana ,   National Transport University, Shvets Lyudmila ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

Abstract. This article examines trends in personnel development within the modern economic space, considering the digitalization of business processes. It emphasizes the most successful areas of digitalizing personnel development processes: recruitment, training and professional development of employees, employee and client communication. The conclusion is drawn that improving the quality and speed of remote communication with clients leads to an increase in client capital and promotes enhanced customer orientation, company image, and competitiveness. The article highlights the growing role and effectiveness of analytics in a digitalized environment, which is essential for making competent and efficient management decisions based on rapid access to enterprise data, simplified information processing, and the efficient handling of large volumes of information.
It is emphasized that the digitalization of business processes significantly accelerates the decentralization of management processes, contributing to the formation of self-managed teams and increasing the innovative activity and competence of participants. The need for digitization in various spheres of activity is emphasized to significantly increase the requirements for information, communication and digital competence of employees. Therefore, a crucial current requirement for increasing each employee’s competitiveness is the need for continuous self-improvement, aligning with the idea of lifelong learning.
Along with the development of individual employees' competencies, the requirements for the development of corporate competence of personnel (within the existing corporate culture and the corresponding innovation climate) are growing.
The article outlines the prospects for managing personnel development in the context of deepening digitalization processes, aiming at optimizing employees' work (by providing opportunities for competence enhancement and self-realization), their engagement (through the development of corporate culture), and teamwork.
Keywords: digitalization, personnel development, digital technologies, client-oriented approach, digital competence, self-improvement
CALCULATION METHOD OF THIN LAYER PLASTIC CONCRETE COATING ON REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB OF ROADWAY SECTION OF HIGHWAY BRIDGES FOR DURABILITY
Authors:   the "Kyivavtodor" utility corporation, Fedorenko Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

Summary. The paper examines the basic principles of calculating the durability of thin-layer plastic concrete covering on reinforced concrete slabs of roadways of highway bridges, taking into account domestic and European experience and countries of the world. The proposed methodology for calculating thin-layer coating on bridges takes into account the thermorheological properties of aerated concrete, using the provisions of the kinetic theory of the strength of solid bodies and based on the principles of Palgren-Miner and Bailey about the superposition of damage to the structure of aerated concrete during the period of operation under the negative joint action of the most influential factors, this made it possible to develop a limit state criterion thin-layer coating based on plastic concrete. Analytical calculations are given to determine the horizontal normal stresses that arise in the thin-layer concrete coating on bridges due to the effect of concrete shrinkage, changes in (seasonal, annual and daily) temperatures and the action of pneumatic wheels of vehicles. Analytical dependences are given for the components of the limit state criterion and the estimation of the service life of the thin-layer coating on bridges, namely: the measure of exhaustion of the durability of the thin-layer plastic concrete coating from shrinkage (МУс); the measure of exhaustion of the durability of thin-layer plastic concrete coating from the action of the load of pneumatic wheels of vehicles (МТр); a measure of exhaustion of the durability of a thin-layer plastic concrete coating from a change in the temperature of the corresponding season (МТ)). These analytical solutions made it possible to estimate the estimated (expected) service life (Троз) of thin-layer aerated concrete covering on reinforced concrete road bridges, namely: the service life (Троз) is the ratio of the maximum permissible value of the indicator of the degree of durability depletion (МВД=1) to the sum of the degree of exhaustion of thin-layer coating from the joint effect of plastic concrete shrinkage, temperature changes and the action of the load of pneumatic wheels of vehicles, which in turn is greater than or equal to the standard service life (Тн=15 years) of thin-layer plastic concrete coating on road bridges.
Keywords: highway bridge, thin-layer coating; plastic concrete, coating, durability, shrinkage, temperature, load, degree of exhaustion.
ASSESSMENT OF INVESTMENT, INNOVATION AND SECURITY FACTORS OF LAND USE IN THE SYSTEM OF TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONS
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Mamonov Kostiantyn , Goy Vasyl ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kovalchuk Vasyl ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Mamonov Vladyslav ,   National Technical University ‘Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute’
Published: December 2024

Abstract: It is determined that the formation of a modern system of land relations is aimed at improving the efficiency of land use to ensure territorial development at the regional level. Of particular importance is the formation of a quantitative basis for ensuring the territorial development of regional land use on the basis of an assessment for making informed decisions and developing proposals to improve the efficiency of land use.
The goal of forming directions for assessing investment, innovation and security factors of land use in the system of territorial development of regions was achieved.
The following tasks were solved: allocation of investment, innovation and security factors of land use; development of directions for assessing investment, innovation and security factors of land use in the system of territorial development of regions.
As a result of the study, based on the systematisation of theoretical and methodological provisions and regulatory and legal support, local investment, innovation and security factors of territorial development of land use in the regions are allocated. The directions of assessment of local and generalised investment, innovation and security indicators are proposed. The methods of assessment are defined and generalising models are proposed. The presented measures allowed to form a quantitative basis for making informed decisions in the system of ensuring the territorial development of land use in the regions.
Keywords: territorial development of land use, regional land valuation, investment and innovation indicators, security indicators, expert methods, analytical methods, valuation models.
http://publications.ntu.edu.ua/avtodorogi_i_stroitelstvo/116.1/139.pdf
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Mamonov Kostiantyn , Shterndok Ernest ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Nesterenko Serhii ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Radzinska Yuliia ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kasyanov Vladimir ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: December 2024

Summary. It has been established that modern emergency conditions, characterized by the negative impact of external and internal factors, the consequences of the aggression of the Russian Federation, require the formation of a modern information base for the implementation of geodetic projects by using appropriate tools. In this context, the formation of a modern system of geodetic support for land use based on the justification of research methods and modern technologies of geodesy is of particular importance. The relevance of the issues of the possibilities of using UAVs and photogrammetric methods, which affect the creation of an information and analytical basis for decision-making in the field of territorial development of land use, has been determined.
As a result of the study, the goal has been achieved in determining the directions of forming a modern system of geodetic support for land use using modern technologies. To conduct the study, the following tasks are solved: characterization of UAV technologies for forming a modern geodetic system of land use; identification of the features of the use of photogrammetric tools.
The directions and features of the formation of a modern system of geodetic support using UAVs and photogrammetric methods have been determined. Ways of conducting geodetic surveys during data acquisition and processing, photogrammetric processing, and digital model formation are proposed.
Keywords: modern geodetic support system, research methods, modern geodesy technologies, land use, UAVs, photogrammetric methods.
RISK MANAGEMENT OF PRODUCTION PROCESSES ACCORDING TO THE ISO 3100:2018 STANDARD IN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
Authors:   National Transport University, Melnichenko Oleksand , Kharuta Vitalii ,   National Transport University, Sorochynska Olena ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technology, Kulbovskyi Ivan ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technology
Published: December 2024

Abstract The article examines the requirements and modern approaches to occupational safety management and its improvement at the enterprises of the transport industry of Ukraine using the modern international standard for risk management. A detailed analysis of the new international standard ISO 3100:2018 on risk management was carried out, as well as approaches and measures to improve the occupational safety management system at transport industry enterprises were proposed.
The object of the research is international standards on the risk management system.
The purpose of the work is to analyze the implementation of the new international standard for risk management ISO 3100:2018 with the development of a modern model of occupational safety management at transport industry enterprises.
Research methods are analytical.
Modern and high-quality management of labor safety at enterprises is one of the priority areas of enterprise activity from the point of view of reducing industrial injuries, improving working conditions and improving the microclimate at the enterprise. In order to effectively manage occupational safety at enterprises of the transport industry, the authors of this article propose to introduce a new modern model of occupational safety management based on the strategy of preventing the occurrence of hazards and risks at workplaces in accordance with the international standard ISO 3100:2018. The purpose of the study is to determine the correct approach to the organization of the labor safety system at enterprises in the transport industry by applying the modern international standard for risk management, as well as modeling the process of improving the state of labor safety at enterprises.
Research results can be recommended for implementation in the labor safety management system at enterprises of Ukraine.
Key words: nternational standards, iso 3100:2018, labor safety, methodology, management, model, transport, risk, production process, identification.
Effectiveness of cooperation between higher education institutions and specialized departments and organizations
Authors:   National Transport University, Dmytrychenko Nykolay , Tokin Oleksndr ,   National Transport University, Kharchenko Anna ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to determining the effectiveness of stakeholder-university interaction. The main methods of developing such interaction at the National Transport University are considered, and key aspects of future cooperation between employers and the university for the purpose of training students and implementing joint scientific projects are presented. Keywords: interaction, stakeholders, higher education institutions, employers
SYSTEMIC ECODRIVING APPROACHES TO REDUCE EMISSIONS IN URBAN CONDITIONS
Authors:   National Transport University, Dmytrychenko Andij , Artemchuk Yuliia ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

The study examines some of the programs and measures that can help reduce emissions of toxic substances from motor vehicles in cities by reducing fuel consumption. In particular, professional and careful driving helps reduce fuel consumption and wear and tear on equipment, and also ensures the safety of passenger and cargo transportation in urban conditions. It was determined that such a systematic approach in world practice is called "Ecodriving", or ecological driving, the use of which contributes to the sustainable development of settlements. The main impacts of Ecodriving on the external environment are considered and analyzed. Prospects for further research are presented, which consist in developing a methodology for applying Ecodriving in cities and creating a structured strategy of educational initiatives for enterprises and educational institutions in the transport industry.
Keywords. Ecodriving, reducing fuel consumption, reducing emissions, transport safety, ecology
APPROACHES TO IMPLEMENTING SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES IN THE OPERATIONS OF LOGISTICS PROVIDERS
Authors:   National Transport University, Halak Iryna , Dobrovolska Anna ,   National Transport University, Dobrovolskiy Oleksandr ,   National Transport University, Ovchar Denys ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

Summary. The implementation of sustainable development principles in supply chain management is a key element for logistics providers striving for sustainable transformation in their operations. The expansion of transnational networks requires the active adoption of sustainable practices that improve the environmental and economic conditions of these networks. Sustainable logistics providers play a crucial role by encompassing elements such as transportation, warehousing, packaging, distribution, information management, and waste handling to integrate both production and consumer chains. In this regard, maximizing their participation in managing sustainable supply chains is essential for ensuring collaboration among stakeholders, as well as for providing sustainable development expertise to suppliers in developing countries. This helps strengthen their competitive advantages and contributes to achieving the overall sustainability goals of the entire transnational supply chain.
Keywords: sustainable supply chain, sustainable development, social responsibility, environmental commitments, logistics provider, strategy, community engagement, fair business.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER PREFERENCES IN ONLINE SHOPPING DURING THE PANDEMIC AND WAR
Authors:   National Transport University, Khobta Mykhailo , Sukmanіuk Victoriа ,   National Transport University, Malakhova Yulia ,   National Transport University, Zviriuk Mykyta ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

Summary. The article presents a comprehensive study of changes in consumer preferences in the online shopping market, influenced by global crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing military conflicts. The first section highlights how quarantine restrictions, store closures, and increased demand for essential goods have significantly boosted online shopping, establishing it as a primary means of obtaining goods during crises. The analysis focuses on major product categories, such as food, electronics, and personal hygiene products, which saw the highest demand due to shifting consumer priorities toward essential needs and comfortable living.
The second part of the article examines the role of digital technologies and logistical solutions in sustaining the e-commerce market. It discusses how the development of delivery services and enhancement of online platforms became crucial for businesses seeking to meet the rising demands of consumers. The use of technology for personalized shopping experiences and improved user convenience has attracted new buyers and maintained interest in online shopping even after restrictions were eased.
The third section presents the results of a statistical analysis of changes in the online sales market structure from 2019 to 2024, evaluating market shares and growth rates for key product categories. For instance, electronics and food products showed the highest growth, indicating a strong demand for items supporting home work and study needs. The analysis confirms that crises have led to lasting changes in consumer behavior, making regular online orders a norm for a larger portion of the population.
The final part of the article offers recommendations for businesses on adapting their marketing strategies and digital platforms to interact effectively with customers in a changing environment. The authors conclude that further improvement of delivery services, personalized shopping options, and stable digital platforms is essential to sustaining consumer interest in e-commerce. The findings provide valuable insights for developing new business models that address market transformations driven by global crises and the growing importance of digital sales channels.
Key words. online shopping, consumer preferences, pandemic, war, statistical analysis, e-commerce.
ANALISIS BIAYA UTILITAS PADA PRARANCANGAN PABRIK DISPROPORTIONATED ROSIN DARI GONDORUKEM GRADE WG DENGAN KAPASITAS 3000 TON/TAHUN
Authors: Sandifa Muhammad Naufal , Hadiantoro Sigit
Published: December 2024

Upaya untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomis gondorukem salah satunya adalah mengubah bentuknya menjadi disproportionated rosin. Untuk produksi skala industri diperlukan berbagai peralatan yang dapat mendukung prosesnya. Agar proses dapat berjalan dengan lancar diperlukan sarana pendukung yaitu utilitas. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis biaya pengadaan utilitas yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk analisis ekonomi pabrik disproportionated rosin. Metode analisis biaya yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Dari analisis yang dilakukan, diperoleh besaran analisis yaitu unit penyedia steam berupa boiler dengan tipe water tube dengan biaya bahan bakar per hari sebesar Rp 20.736,00/hari atau Rp. 6.842.880,00/tahun (US$ 459,649.00/tahun). Sumber unit penyedia air berasal dari sungai terdekat lokasi prarancangan pabrik dengan biaya untuk treatment air per hari sebesar Rp. 14.919.434,07/hari atau Rp. 4.923.413.242,656/tahun (US$ 330.715.514/tahun). Unit penyedia listrik berasal dari PLN dengan total biaya listrik sebesar Rp. 4.521.493.683,78/tahun atau Rp. 3.617.194.947,00/tahun (US$ 242.974,219/tahun) dengan efisiensi listrik sebesar 80%.
PENGARUH KECEPATAN PENGADUKAN TERHADAP PENYISIHAN PARAMETER NILAI TSS DAN TURBIDITY PADA PROSES PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI KRIMER
Authors: Fadila Dini Fitria Marta , Mustain Asalil , Dandel Bernardete Ferdinata
Published: December 2024

Limbah cair hasil proses industri merupakan bahan sisa operasi pabrik yang mempunyai karakteristik tertentu   dan tersuspensi dalam air. Limbah cair termasuk jenis polutan berbahaya dan beracun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menurunkan tingkat kekeruhan limbah cair dari industri krimer melalui penambahan koagulan, sehingga kandungan Total Suspended Solid (TSS) dapat dianalisis. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh jenis koagulan dan kecepatan pengadukan terhadap efektivitas penyisihan pada air limbah industri krimer. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode observasi dengan pengumpulan data secara langsung pada sampel limbah cair industri krimer. Flocculant Tester FP4 digunakan untuk proses pengolahan limbah cair industri krimer. Sampel limbah cair sebanyak 500 ml ditambahkan koagulan Aluminium Chlorohydrate (ACH), Poli Aluminium Chlorida (PAC), dan Polydadmac dengan dosis sebesar 0,0024 ; 0,0032 ; 0,0040 ; 0,0044 ; dan 0,0052 v/v. Dengan variasi dosis tersebut, dosis yang paling optimum yaitu 2 ml pada masing-masing koagulan dengan kecepatan pengadukan yang optimal pada 100 rpm selama 1 menit untuk koagulan dan 20 rpm selama 30 detik untuk flokulan. Dari beberapa koagulan yang telah dianalisis, koagulan Aluminium Chlorohydrate (ACH) menunjukkan hasil kemampuan penurunan nilai TSS yang paling efektif dari koagulan lainnya. Kecepatan pengadukan pada proses pengolahan limbah cair krimer yang paling efektif sekitar 100 rpm selama 1 menit.  Pengaruh kecepatan pengadukan yang optimal dapat membantu pembentukan flok cukup besar sehingga dapat meningkatkan efektifitas proses pengendapan. Selain itu, kecepatan pengadukan sangat berpengaruh terhadap efesiensi proses pengolahan air limbah.
The Place of Quaternary Prevention Practices in Primary Care in Edirne
Authors: Kara Abdurrahman Sukru , Caylan Ayse , Dagdeviren Hamdi Nezih , Kubra Sezer Kara
Published: December 2024

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the physician-related factors leading to excessive medical interventions in the primary care setting.

Methods: A total of 126 physicians working in the Family Medicine centers in the primary care setting in Edirne Province, Türkiye were included in this study between September 2019 and November 2019. The data were collected with a questionnaire prepared by the researcher. The questionnaire consisted of 61 questions in total including four questions about the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, 39 questions examining the factors that may lead to excessive medical intervention, and the Defensive Medicine Practices Attitude Scale, which had 18 questions.

Results: According to physicians’ scores from the Defensive Medicine Practices Attitude Scale, the mean was 41.05±9.91 (min=14, max=62). We found that defensive medicine practices attitudes were very good in 10.3% (n=12) of physicians, good in 35.3% (n=41), moderate in 49.2% (n=57), and poor in 5.2% (n=6).

Conclusion: The lack of knowledge is attributed to the difficulty in accessing reliable information and a lack of trust in the articles. This implies that article providers need to implement reforms in how they select and distribute these articles to physicians. The heightened fear of litigation among physicians also highlights the need for legal reforms.

Keywords: quaternary prevention, malpractice, family practice, defensive medicine
Evaluation of nutrient composition and bone-promoting activity of miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy) bone
Authors: Ouyang Qianqian , Liu Lifen , Liu Lili , Li Yi , Qi Yi , Wu Kefeng , Zhu Guoping , Ye Hua
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The objective of this study was to improve the economic value of the processed by-products of farmed miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy) by evaluating the nutrient composition and osteogenic activity of its bones. We prepared Miichthys miiuy bone peptides (MMBP) and analyzed their osteogenic potential.

Methods

We assessed the osteogenic activity of MMBP by molecular docking, MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation assay and zebrafish growth model, and evaluated its effect on osteoporosis (OP) using a retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis rat model.

Results

Sciaena ossificans bone is rich in nutrients, including 11.40% water, 59.30% ash, 1.60% crude fat, 27.10% crude protein, and 0.58% total sugars. The total amino acids account for 22.13%, including 4.33% essential amino acids and 17.80% non-essential amino acids. The mineral content was rich, with calcium, phosphorus and selenium contents of 162511, 7151, and 0.264 mg/kg, respectively. MMBP significantly promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, facilitated the growth and bone development of zebrafish. In retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis rat model, increased the serum calcium and phosphorus levels, attenuated the calcium loss, and reduced the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities and significantly improved bone density. MMBP shows potential as a functional food ingredient due to its osteogenic properties, which may help promote bone growth and maintain bone health. These findings provide a scientific basis for the high-value utilization of Miichthys miiuy by-products and a new direction for the development of novel functional food ingredients.
The association between transformational leadership and teachers' creativity: professional resilience and job satisfaction as mediators
Authors: KAYA Ayça
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the associations between transformational leadership, teachers' job satisfaction, professional resilience, and creativity. The sample included 417 teachers of public and private schools in Istanbul. The data collection tools were “Transformational Leadership Scale”, “Teachers' Professional Resilience Scale”, “Job Satisfaction Scale”, and “Organizational Creativity Scale”. The data analysis was conducted on SPSS and AMOS. A structural equation model (SEM) was employed to test the research hypotheses. The findings suggested that transformational leadership significantly predicted teachers' job satisfaction and professional resilience. However, transformational leadership did not have a statistically significant effect on teachers' creativity. Additionally, teachers' professional resilience was a significant predictor of creativity while job satisfaction was not. Lastly, professional resilience mediated the association between transformational leadership and creativity. Drawing on these findings, it can be concluded that the prevalence of transformational leadership in schools could foster teachers' creativity and professional resilience. Thus, principals should improve their transformational leadership skills and develop strategies to enhance teachers' creative potential. Transformational leadership plays a critical role in fostering teachers' job satisfaction and professional resilience and encourage creativity.
Study on Flow Structure Characteristics Along the Latticework Duct Subchannels and Classification Boundary Prediction
Authors: Li Minlong , Wang Huishe , Yang Ke , Yu Rongguo , Ton Jingze
Published: December 2024

To reasonably divide the types of flow units along the latticework subchannel, one must prepare for the establishment of a one-dimensional fluid network model of the latticework in the middle region of the turbine blade. The characteristics of the flow structure along the latticework subchannel were studied by numerical simulation. The effects of rib angle (15–45°), the ratio of rib width to rib spacing (0.3–1.0), and inlet Reynolds umber (21,000–80,000) on the flow structure along the subchannel are summarized. The results indicated that the ratio of rib width to rib spacing and inlet Reynolds number had no effect on the distribution position of each flow unit in the subchannel. The change of rib angle did not change the flow structure type along the subchannel. The longitudinal vortex was mainly formed by one turning vortex and two detached vortices. The narrowing of the turning channel will cause the turning vortex to induce a secondary longitudinal vortex. There were five kinds of flow structures along the subchannel: transverse vortex zone (entrance of the inlet section), uniform flow zone (inlet section), longitudinal vortex generation zone (turning channel section), longitudinal vortex zone (turning channel section), and longitudinal vortex free development zone (outlet section). This finding provides support for the selection of empirical formulas for each module in the one-dimensional modeling of subchannels. Finally, the boundary prediction equations of each flow structure in the subchannel were established, and the average prediction error was less than 10%. The rationality of the flow structure division along the latticework subchannel was improved, and the modeling efficiency of the latticework one-dimensional model was optimized.
Formulation, Characterization, Antibacterial Activity, Antioxidant Activity, and Safety Evaluation of Camphora longepaniculata Essential Oil Nanoemulsions Through High-Pressure Homogenization
Authors: Yan Yue , Wei Changhe , Liu Xin , Zhao Xin , Zhao Shanmei , Tong Shuai , Ren Guoyou , Wei Qin
Published: December 2024

The volatility, instability, and water insolubility of Camphora longepaniculata essential oil (CLEO) limit its practical applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. CLEO nanoemulsions (CLNEs) were formulated and characterized to overcome the aforementioned issues. The volatile compounds of CLEO were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. CLNEs were prepared using EL-40 (5%, w/w) as the surfactant via the high-pressure homogenization method. The formation of nanoemulsions was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Homogenized nanoemulsions had smaller particle sizes of 39.99 ± 0.47 nm and exhibited enhanced stability. The nanostructured CLEO showed an antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial mechanism was explored through bacterial morphology and intracellular lysate leakage. CLNEs disrupted the structure of bacterial cells and impaired the permeability of cell membranes, resulting in the leakage of bacterial intracellular contents. The nanoemulsions exhibited superior radical scavenging ability compared to the pure oil. Furthermore, evaluations of the cellular safety of the CLNEs demonstrated that the survival rate of exposed HOECs was greater than 90%, with an apoptosis rate of less than 10% in a concentration range. The results demonstrated that nanoemulsification improved the stability, solubility in aqueous media, and bioavailability of CLEO, thereby broadening its potential industrial applications as a natural antibacterial and antioxidant agent.
A Novel Optimization Method Using the Box–Behnken Design Integrated with a Back Propagation Neural Network–Genetic Algorithm for Hydrogen Purification
Authors: Zhang Nannan , Hu Sumeng , Xin Qianqian
Published: December 2024

Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) technology is among the most efficient techniques for purifying and separating hydrogen. A layered adsorption bed composed of activated carbon and zeolite 5A for a gas mixture (H2: 56.4 mol%, CH4: 26.6 mol%, CO: 8.4 mol%, N2: 5.5 mol%, CO2: 3.1 mol%) PSA model was built. The simulation model was validated using breakthrough curves. Then, a six-step PSA cycle model was built, and the purification performance was studied. The Box–Behnken design (BBD) method was utilized in Design Expert software (version 10) to optimize the PSA purification performance. The independent optimization parameters included the adsorption time, the pressure equalization time, and the feed flow rate. Quadratic regression models can be derived to represent the responses of purity and productivity. To explore a better optimization solution, a novel optimization method using machine learning with a back propagation neural network (BPNN) was then proposed, and a kind of heuristic algorithm–genetic algorithm (GA) was introduced to enhance the architecture of the BPNN. The predicted outputs of hydrogen production using two kinds of models based on the BPNN–GA and the BBD method integrated with the BPNN–GA (BBD–BPNN–GA). The findings revealed that the BBD–BPNN–GA model exhibited a mean square error (MSE) of 0.0005, with its R–value correlation coefficient being much closer to 1, while the BPNN–GA model exhibited an MSE of 0.0035. This suggests that the BBD–BPNN–GA model has a better performance, as evidenced by the lower MSE and higher correlation coefficient compared to the BPNN–GA model.
Impact of Rock Mass Strength Anisotropy with Depth on Slope Stability Under Excavation Disturbance
Authors: Dagdelenler Gulseren
Published: December 2024

In open-pit excavations, overburden rock mass is disturbed by processes like blasting and mechanical excavation, leading to a reduction in mechanical properties. Accounting for this disturbance is essential for ensuring slope stability, optimizing costs, and maintaining feasibility. The Hoek–Brown failure criterion, a widely used empirical method in rock mechanics, incorporates the disturbance factor to reflect the reduction in rock mass strength after disturbance. This study reviews five approaches from the literature regarding the role of disturbance in rock mechanics, focusing on its impact on the factor of safety and the volume of rock mass above the potential failure surface. Additionally, an “S” shaped decay formulation was proposed as an alternative to existing equations. A key consideration is the transitional disturbance effect, which reflects the gradual change from a fully disturbed rock mass near the excavation surface to an undisturbed rock mass with increasing depth. Among the examined approaches, the “S” shaped decay equation, informed by insights from previous studies, appears to be the most realistic. One approach assumes the disturbance factor is highest at the surface due to the removal of blasted rock, leading to a fully disturbed rock mass in front of the excavation face. The disturbance then decreases with depth, transitioning to an undisturbed condition depending on the excavation method. Even when the rock mass is homogeneous and isotropic in joint properties, excavation induces anisotropy in mass strength, causing overall strength to increase with depth. This study also investigates the effect of anisotropic strength behavior resulting from the disturbance factor. For incorporating transitional disturbance in the design stage, both circular and combined failure mechanisms should be considered for a comprehensive understanding of slope stability.
Evaluation of Dynamic Compaction Load Conversion Methods and Vibration Reduction Treatments
Authors: Li Jixuan , Wang Wenli , Luo Longping , Yao Xiaoliang , Hu Jiangang
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of different dynamic compaction (DC) load equivalent conversion methods in DC vibration calculations. It also investigates the effect of vibration isolation treatments on the vibration reduction performance of loess foundations, with the goal of optimizing vibration control during DC construction. Five classical methods were used to convert the DC loads into time-dependent surface loads, which were subsequently fed into Plaxis’s dynamic multiplier table for the numerical implementation of DC tests. By comparing the numerical simulation results with in situ monitoring data from a loess site, the accuracy of the five DC load equivalent conversion methods was evaluated. The momentum theorem method was identified as the most precise for both vibration velocity and settlement. Subsequently, the momentum theorem method was utilized to investigate the influence of depth and distance of vibration isolation trench, as well as the properties of vibration isolation materials on vibration reduction effect. It is indicated that the optimal depth for the vibration isolation trench of the loess site is 2 m, beyond which the improvement in vibration reduction effects is not notable. The excavation distance of the vibration isolation trench should be set as close as possible to the boundary of the construction site to achieve the best vibration reduction effect. As for the properties of vibration isolation materials, it is shown that the unit weight and damping ratio of the filling material have a significant effect on the vibration reduction effect, while the influence of the shear strength of the filling material is negligible. Besides the vibrating reduction influence of filling materials, utilizing spring dampers has a better vibration reduction effect. Increasing the stiffness of the spring dampers and reducing their spacing can significantly enhance the vibration reduction effect. In practical engineering applications, it is essential to consider both the effects and economic costs to select the optimal vibration reduction treatment and its parameters. This study provides a scientific basis for vibration control during DC construction, contributing to ensuring construction safety and efficiency while minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment.