bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of low-intensity exercise on spontaneously developed knee osteoarthritis in male senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8
Authors: Norimatsu Kosuke , Nakanishi Kazuki , Ijuin Toshiro , Otsuka Shotaro , Takada Seiya , Tani Akira , Matsuzaki Ryoma , Matsuoka Teruki , Sakakima Harutoshi
Published: September 2023

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease associated with aging, which often leads to joint stiffness and disability. Exercise is one of the most important non-pharmacological treatments and is prescribed as an indispensable treatment for OA. However, whether physical exercise is beneficial for preventing the progression of OA symptoms with age is poorly understood. We investigated the effects of exercise on spontaneously developed knee OA using male senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8).

Methods

To examine age-related changes in the knee joints of SAMP8, knee articular cartilage changes, synovitis, knee joint flexion and extension angles, swelling, walking ability, and quadriceps muscle atrophy were analyzed at 3, 5, 7, and 9 months. SAMP8 were required to run at a speed of 10 m/min for 15 min/day from 7 to 9 months of age. The knee joint pathologies and symptoms of exercising and non-exercising mice were compared by histological, immunohistochemical, and morphometrical analyses.

Results

The mice presented with various histological changes, including cartilage destruction, osteocyte formation, synovitis, declined joint angles, and swelling. Notably, medial and posterior cartilage destruction was more severe than that of the lateral and anterior cartilage. Knee joint angles were significantly correlated with the histological scores (modified Mankin and OARSI, osteophyte formation and synovial lining cell layer). Exercise did not attenuate cartilage degeneration in the medial and posterior tibial plateau, although the articular cartilage of the anterior and lateral tibial plateau and its histological scores was remained and significantly improved, respectively, by exercise. Exercise suppressed the age-related decline of collagen type II-positive areas in the remaining articular cartilage and improved the OA symptoms. Exercise reduced the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α positive macrophages in the synovium.

Conclusion

This study revealed that SAMP8 developed spontaneous knee OA with age, which resembled the disease symptoms in humans. Low-intensity exercise temporarily alleviated degeneration of the remaining cartilage, synovitis, and age-related decreases in knee flexion angle, stride length, and muscle atrophy in SAMP8. However, exercise during OA progression with age may cause mechanical stress that could be both beneficial and detrimental to joint health.
Evaluation of commercial kits for isolation and bisulfite conversion of circulating cell-free tumor DNA from blood
Authors: Kresse Stine H. , Brandt-Winge Sara , Pharo Heidi , Flatin Bjørnar T. B. , Jeanmougin Marine , Vedeld Hege Marie , Lind Guro E.
Published: September 2023

Background

DNA methylation biomarkers in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) have great clinical potential for cancer management. Most methods for DNA methylation analysis require bisulfite conversion, causing DNA degradation and loss. This is particularly challenging for cfDNA, which is naturally fragmented and normally present in low amounts. The aim of the present study was to identify an optimal combination of cfDNA isolation and bisulfite conversion kits for downstream analysis of DNA methylation biomarkers in plasma.

Results

Of the five tested bisulfite conversion kits (EpiJET Bisulfite Conversion Kit, EpiTect Plus DNA Bisulfite Kit (EpiTect), EZ DNA Methylation-Direct Kit, Imprint DNA Modification Kit (Imprint) and Premium Bisulfite Kit), the highest and lowest DNA yield and recovery were achieved using the EpiTect kit and the Imprint kit, respectively, with more than double the amount of DNA for the EpiTect kit. Of the three tested cfDNA isolation kits (Maxwell RSC ccfDNA Plasma Kit, QIAamp Circulating Nucleic Acid Kit (CNA) and QIAamp MinElute ccfDNA Mini Kit), the CNA kit yielded around twice as much cfDNA compared to the two others kits, although with more high molecular weight DNA present. When comparing various combinations of cfDNA isolation kits and bisulfite conversion kits, the CNA kit and the EpiTect kit were identified as the best-performing combination, resulting in the highest yield of bisulfite converted cfDNA from normal plasma, as measured by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). As a proof of principle, this kit combination was used to process plasma samples from 13 colorectal cancer patients for subsequent ddPCR methylation analysis of BCAT1 and IKZF1. Methylation of BCAT1 and/or IKZF1 was identified in 6/10 (60%) stage IV patients and 1/3 (33%) stage III patients.

Conclusions

Based on a thorough evaluation of five bisulfite conversion kits and three cfDNA isolation kits, both individually and in combination, the CNA kit and the EpiTect kit were identified as the best-performing kit combination, with highest DNA yield and recovery across a range of DNA input amounts. The combination was successfully used for detection of clinically relevant DNA methylation biomarkers in plasma from cancer patients.
No difference in bacterial contamination of hip capsule sutures and control sutures in hip arthroplasty surgery
Authors: van Schaik Thomas J. A. , van Meer Maurits P. A. , de Jong Lex D. , Goosen Jon H. M. , Somford Matthijs P. , van Susante Job L. C.
Published: September 2023

Background

Perioperative preventive measures are important to further reduce the rate of periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). During THA surgery, joint capsule sutures are commonly placed to optimize exposure and reinsertion of the capsule. Bacterial contamination of these sutures during the procedure poses a potential risk for postoperative infection. In this exploratory study, we assessed the contamination rate of capsule sutures compared to the contamination of the remains of exchanged control sutures at the time of closure.

Methods

In 100 consecutive patients undergoing primary THA capsule sutures were exchanged by sterile sutures at the time of capsule closure. Both the original sutures and the remainder of the newly placed (control) sutures were retrieved, collected and cultured for ten days. Types of bacterial growth and contamination rates of both sutures were assessed.

Results

Sutures from 98 patients were successfully collected and analyzed. Bacterial growth was observed in 7/98 (7.1%) of the capsule sutures versus 6/98 (6.1%) of the control sutures, with a difference of 1% [CI -6–8]. There was no clear pattern in differences in subtypes of bacteria between groups.

Conclusions

This study showed that around 7% of capsule sutures used in primary THA were contaminated with bacteria and as such exchange by new sutures at the time of capsule closure could be an appealing PJI preventive measure. However, since similar contamination rates were encountered with mainly non-virulent bacteria for both suture groups, the PJI preventive effect of this measure appears to be minimal.
The effects of using analytical rubrics in peer and self-assessment on EFL students’ writing proficiency: a Vietnamese contextual study
Authors: Phuong Hoang Yen , Phan Quoc Toan , Le Thanh Thao
Published: September 2023

This research investigates the effectiveness of utilizing analytic rubrics in peer-assessment (PA) and self-assessment (SA) methodologies to enhance the proficiency of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students’ essay writing skills in the Vietnamese context. It further contributes to the existing body of literature regarding formative assessment and its potential to improve student learning outcomes. A total of 44 university students, all English majors, were divided into two distinct groups, each consisting of 22 participants. One group applied analytic rubrics for SA, while the other used the same tool for PA. The writing performance of the two groups was assessed and compared in pre and post-tests. The findings revealed no significant difference between the SA and PA groups in the pre-test. However, in the post-test, the SA group demonstrated significantly superior performance compared to the PA group, with noticeable improvements across all evaluated criteria. Moreover, these results showed that the use of analytic rubrics in SA and PA methods positively impacted the EFL students’ writing skills, particularly in the areas of content and language use. This has practical implications for teachers, curriculum developers, and policymakers in designing and implementing formative assessment strategies for EFL learners. Further research is needed to examine the long-term effects of employing analytic rubrics, and to understand the potential influence of other contextual factors on student learning outcomes.
Art historical and scientific controversies about four easel paintings attributed to Kamal al-Molk, the renowned nineteenth-twentieth century Persian painter
Authors: Roohi Sima , Holakooei Parviz
Published: September 2023

Pigments on four easel paintings signed by Mohammad Ghaffari (latter Kamal al-Molk), the renowned Persian painter lived from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century, kept at the Astan-e Qods-e Razavi Museum (AQRM) in Mashhad, Iran, were identified by micro-X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF), scanning electron microscopy—energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDS) and micro-Raman spectroscopy (µ-Raman). Apart from chrome yellow, green chromium oxide and red ochre, four blue pigments including Prussian blue, artificial ultramarine blue, azurite, blue phthalocyanine PB:16 and seven white pigments including rutile, huntite, lead white, baryte, chalk, gypsum and zinc white were identified on the paintings. Based on the occurrence of rutile and blue phthalocyanine PB:16 and the fact that the signature of the paintings suggests 1875 as the date of executing the paintings, several hypotheses were argued to discuss the latter interventions and the authenticity of the works. Discussions on the birth date and other important milestones of Kamal al-Molk’s life accordingly posed serious questions on the authenticity of these paintings.
Drosophila Atlastin regulates synaptic vesicle mobilization independent of bone morphogenetic protein signaling
Authors: Bertin Francisca , Jara-Wilde Jorge , Auer Benedikt , Köhler-Solís Andrés , González-Silva Carolina , Thomas Ulrich , Sierralta Jimena
Published: September 2023

Background

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contacts endosomes in all parts of a motor neuron, including the axon and presynaptic terminal, to move structural proteins, proteins that send signals, and lipids over long distances. Atlastin (Atl), a large GTPase, is required for membrane fusion and the structural dynamics of the ER tubules. Atl mutations are the second most common cause of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP), which causes spasticity in both sexes’ lower extremities. Through an unknown mechanism, Atl mutations stimulate the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) pathway in vertebrates and Drosophila. Synaptic defects are caused byatlmutations, which affect the abundance and distribution of synaptic vesicles (SV) in the bouton. We hypothesize that BMP signaling, does not cause Atl-dependent SV abnormalities in Drosophila.

Results

We show thatatlknockdown in motor neurons (Atl-KD) increases synaptic and satellite boutons in the same way that constitutively activating the BMP-receptor Tkv (thick veins) (Tkv-CA) increases the bouton number. The SV proteins Cysteine string protein (CSP) and glutamate vesicular transporter are reduced in Atl-KD and Tkv-CA larvae. Reducing the activity of the BMP receptor Wishful thinking (wit) can rescue both phenotypes. Unlike Tkv-CA larvae, Atl-KD larvae display altered activity-dependent distributions of CSP staining. Furthermore, Atl-KD larvae display an increased FM 1–43 unload than Control and Tkv-CA larvae. As decreasingwitfunction does not reduce the phenotype, our hypothesis that BMP signaling is not involved is supported. We also found that Rab11/CSP colocalization increased in Atl-KD larvae, which supports the concept that late recycling endosomes regulate SV movements.

Conclusions

Our findings reveal that Atl modulates neurotransmitter release in motor neurons via SV distribution independently of BMP signaling, which could explain the observed SV accumulation and synaptic dysfunction. Our data suggest that Atl is involved in membrane traffic as well as formation and/or recycling of the late endosome.
"We are watching you": investigation of consumer-employee perception gaps and the employee expectations-employer performance gaps
Authors: Lee Stacy H. , Jung Sojin , Ha-Brookshire Jung
Published: September 2023

Based on the social contract theory and social exchange theories, this study examined the Corporations’ social responsibility (CSR) gaps perceived by fashion firms’ internal (i.e., employees) and external (i.e., consumers) stakeholders. In addition, to more deeply understand employees’ perspectives, this study empirically measured the CSR performance gap between employees’ expectations for the CSR standards the industry should achieve and employees’ perceptions of their employers’ CSR performance. This study then explored how the extent of negative incongruence (i.e., when the employer’s CSR performance does not meet the employee’s CSR standards) influenced employees’ attitudes and behaviors with the moderating role of the employees’ work experience. For this, we selected two global fashion firms: H&M and Nike. Through an online survey, 865 usable responses were collected (H&M retail employee n = 158, consumer n = 275; Nike retail employee n = 157, consumers n = 275). One-way Analysis of Variance and a post hoc test showed that the consumer groups for H&M and Nike indicated significantly lower levels of CSR perceptions than those of the employees of each brand. Moreover, the results of structural equation modeling revealed that negative incongruence between the expected industry standard and perceptions of the firm's performance in the area of CSR discouraged organizational commitment, which in turn decreased organizational citizenship behavior and increased turnover intentions. The moderating effect of work experiencewas not found. The originality of this study is that it quantitatively examined both internal and external stakeholders’ CSR perceptions and employees’ CSR perception gaps. The findings provide valuable academic and managerial implications.
Increased Circulating IL-32 Is Associated With Placenta Macrophage-derived IL-32 and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Huang Xinmei , Li Yue , Tong Xiaoxu , Wu Yueyue , Zhang Rui , Sheng Li , Xu Jiong , Yu Zhiyan , Chen Zaoping , Sun Tiange , Wang Fang , Yang Qian , Li Zhangyan , Gao Cuijun , Ma Ling , Ding Heyuan , Zang Shufei , Yang Ni , Zhang Tie-Ning , Liu Jun
Published: September 2023

Objective

Placenta-derived inflammation plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). IL-32 is a novel pro-inflammatory cytokine and metabolic regulator involved in the development of metabolic disease. We investigated the effect of IL-32 in GDM.

Materials and Methods

First-trimester C-reactive protein (CRP) level was monitored in a case-control study of 186 women with GDM and 186 women without. Placental tissue was lysed and analyzed by high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Circulating level of inflammatory cytokines IL-32, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured by ELISA kits. The expression of placenta-derived macrophages, inflammatory cytokines, and related pathway proteins were assessed by reverse transcriptase-quantitative PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, or immunofluorescence.

Results

First-trimester CRP level in peripheral blood was closely associated with glucose and insulin resistance index and was an independent correlation with the development of GDM. High-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed that placenta-derived CRP expression was dramatically elevated in women with GDM. Interestingly, the expression of placenta-derived IL-32 was also increased and located in the macrophages of placental tissue. Meanwhile, the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and p-p38 were up-regulated in the placental tissues with GDM. Either IL-6 or TNF-α was colocated with IL-32 in the placental tissue. Importantly, circulating IL-32 throughout pregnancy was increased in GDM and was related to placental-derived IL-32 expression, circulating IL-6, and TNF-α, glucose and insulin resistance index.

Conclusion

Increased circulating IL-32 throughout pregnancy was closely associated with placenta macrophage-derived IL-32 expression and GDM. First trimester IL-32 level in peripheral blood may serve to predict the development of GDM.
The Evolving Role of Postgraduate Year 7 in Neurological Surgery Residency
Authors: Kolcun John Paul G. , Mazza Jacob M. , Pawlowski Kristen D. , Varela J. Roberto , Kolb Bradley , Traynelis Vincent C. , Byrne Richard W. , Fontes Ricardo B. V.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

In 2013, all neurosurgery programs were mandated to adopt a 7-year structure. We sought to characterize how programs use the seventh year of training (postgraduate year 7 [PGY7]).

METHODS:

We surveyed all accredited neurosurgery programs in the United States regarding the PGY7 residents' primary role and the availability of enfolded fellowships. We compiled responses from different individuals in each program: chair, program director, program coordinator, and current chiefs.

RESULTS:

Of 120 accredited neurological surgery residency programs within the United States, 91 (76%) submitted responses. At these programs, the primary roles of the PGY7 were chief of service (COS, 71%), enfolded fellowships (EFF, 18%), transition to practice (10%), and elective time (1%). Most residencies have been 7-year programs for >10 years (52, 57%). Sixty-seven programs stated that they offer some form of EFF (73.6%). The most common EFFs were endovascular (57, 62.6%), spine (49, 53.9%), critical care (41, 45.1%), and functional (37, 40.7%). These were also the most common specialties listed as Committee on Advanced Subspecialty Training accredited by survey respondents. Spine and endovascular EFFs were most likely to be restricted to PGY7 (24.2% and 23.1%, respectively), followed by neuro-oncology (12, 13.2%). The most common EFFs reported as Committee on Advanced Subspecialty Training accredited but not restricted to PGY7 were endovascular (24, 26.4%) and critical care (23, 25.3%).

CONCLUSION:

Most accredited neurological surgery training programs use the COS as the primary PGY7 role. Programs younger in their PGY7 structure seem to maintain the traditional COS role. Those more established seem to be experimenting with various roles the PGY7 year can fill, including enfolded fellowships and transition-to-practice years, predominantly. Most programs offer some form of enfolded fellowship. This serves as a basis for characterization of how neurological surgery training may develop in years to come.
Intraoperative Closed Reduction of Traumatic Lateraloptosis: Operative Nuances
Authors: Powers Andrew Y. , Garcia Alfonso , Nwajei Felix , Binello Emanuela
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:

Traumatic lateral spondyloptosis, or lateraloptosis, is the complete lateral dislocation of the spine. Reduction in these dislocations presents unique challenges, especially in cases of preserved neurological function. Open techniques carry significant risks of cerebrospinal fluid leak and neurological injury. For traditional spondyloptosis, off-table closed techniques have been described but may result in loss of the reduction when the patient is transferred to the operative table. An on-table closed reduction technique has potential advantages over previously described open reduction or off-table techniques for the treatment of lateraloptosis.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:

The authors describe an on-table closed reduction technique for lateraloptosis, presenting an illustrative case in which the technique was applied. This technique is compared with alternative open and off-table reduction techniques described in the literature. The patient had good mechanical and neurological outcomes. At 14 months postoperatively, she is neurologically intact, back to work involving heavy lifting, and has only moderate back pain.

CONCLUSION:

On-table closed reduction before open fixation should be considered in cases of lateraloptosis, particularly when there is preserved neurological function.
Impact of Sodium Thiosulfate on Prevention of Nephrotoxicities in HIPEC: An Ancillary Evaluation of Cisplatin-Induced Toxicities in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Senguttuvan Rosemary N. , Santiago Nicole Lugo , Han Ernest S. , Lee Byrne , Lee Stephen , Lin Wei-Chien , Kebria Mehdi , Hakim Amy , Lin Jeff F. , Wakabayashi Mark T. , Ruel Nora , Tinsley Raechelle , Eng Melissa , Stewart Daphne B. , Wang Edward W. , Paz Benjamin I. , Wu Xiwei , Cho Hyejin , Liang Winnie S. , Rodriguez-Rodriguez Lorna , Cristea Mihaela C. , Raoof Mustafa , Dellinger Thanh H.
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with cisplatin confers a survival benefit in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) but is associated with renal toxicity. Sodium thiosulfate (ST) is used for nephroprotection for HIPEC with cisplatin, but standard HIPEC practices vary.

Methods

A prospective, nonrandomized, clinical trial evaluated safety outcomes of HIPEC with cisplatin 75 mg/m2 during cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in patients with EOC (n = 34) and endometrial cancer (n = 6). Twenty-one patients received no ST (nST), and 19 received ST. Adverse events (AEs) were reported according to CTCAE v.5.0. Serum creatinine (Cr) was collected preoperatively and postoperatively (Days 5–8). Progression-free survival (PFS) was followed. Normal peritoneum was biopsied before and after HIPEC for whole transcriptomic sequencing to identify RNAseq signatures correlating with AEs.

Results

Forty patients had HIPEC at the time of interval or secondary CRS. Renal toxicities in the nST group were 33% any grade AE and 9% grade 3 AEs. The ST group demonstrated no renal AEs. Median postoperative Cr in the nST group was 1.1 mg/dL and 0.5 mg/dL in the ST group (p = 0.0001). Median change in Cr from preoperative to postoperative levels were + 53% (nST) compared with − 9.6% (ST) (p = 0.003). PFS did not differ between the ST and nST groups in primary or recurrent EOC patients. Renal AEs were associated with downregulation of metabolic pathways and upregulation of immune pathways.

Conclusions

ST significantly reduces acute renal toxicity associated with HIPEC with cisplatin in ovarian cancer patients. As nephrotoxicity is high in HIPEC with cisplatin, nephroprotective agents should be considered.
Can a simulated window improve the ward environment? A survey of patient, carer and staff perspectives
Authors: Kawanishi Hideaki , Ida Mitsuru , Kaito Shinobu , Kimura Keiko , Kishimoto Asami , Onodera Hiroki , Kiriyama Takao , Sugie Kazuma , Kawaguchi Masahiko
Published: September 2023

Background/Aims

Simulated windows displaying images of the outside world can help to reduce emotional stress. This study investigated the effect of a simulated window on perceptions of the environment in a hospital ward among patients, family members, nurses and doctors.

Methods

A total of 48 participants (12 patients, 12 family members, 12 doctors and 12 nurses) were recruited from a four-bed patient room in a neurological ward in Japan. A 12-item questionnaire was administered, with participants rating their agreement with 11 statements about the room's simulated window on a 5-point Likert scale. The final item was a free-text question. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics.

Results

The majority of questionnaire items had average scores of 3–4, indicating neutral to moderately positive views of the simulated window. The majority of participants agreed that the window provided visual stimulation, but many did not see the benefits for communication or stress reduction. Qualitative feedback noted that they would prefer a simulated window that allowed patients to choose the image.

Conclusions

The simulated window was generally viewed positively or neutrally across participant groups, with feedback noting improvements to the technology that would lead to a better experience.
Providing a catering liaison service between inpatient families and the hospital kitchen
Authors: Wray Jo , Bexson Charlotte , Gough Paul , Elliott Chloe , Oldham Geralyn
Published: September 2023

Jo Wray and colleagues use a case study to outline an innovative approach to hospital catering, proposing the introduction of a catering liaison role to improve patient nutrition, reduce length of stay and save resources.
How does the NHS workforce plan build confidence in a challenged system?
Authors: Wallbank Sonya
Published: September 2023

This article reviews the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on NHS staff and how these effects relate to the expectations and ambitions of the NHS workforce plan. Findings highlight the need to recognise that the health and wellbeing of existing staff is critical to the attraction of new staff. Acknowledging what staff were exposed to during the pandemic and how they have responded remains important, as does ensuring that there is a sufficient plan for recovery. The offer of health and wellbeing interventions should continue, even if staff need to leave their role in order to come to terms with the pandemic, as this may give them confidence to return to the NHS in future. Educational roles underpin the NHS workforce plan, so care and attention needs to be given to how these staff members are looked after. Finally, it must be recognised that the technological challenges that NHS leaders want to address require innovation and energy that are not naturally present following a global emergency. Recovery must be made a priority if the ambitions of the workforce plan are to be met.
Using a convex ostomy appliance to manage peristomal skin complications: introducing Aura Plus Soft Convex
Authors: Cronin Elaine
Published: September 2023

This article explores convex stoma appliances, introduces Aura Plus Soft Convex (CliniMed) and presents three case studies of its use. Convexity applies pressure to flatten uneven peristomal skin and form an effective adhesive seal, as well as increase protrusion of a poorly spouted stoma. This reduces the risk of leaks and peristomal skin damage, as well as minimising accessory use. Excess pressure can damage the skin, so convexity should be used with caution at the appropriate depth and firmness for the ostomate's body profile and stomal complications. Aura Plus Soft Convex has a soft and flexible baseplate for easy application and adherence, as well as a unique shape, comfort curves and a large adhesive area to reduce creases and leaks. The hydrocolloid contains Manuka honey to promote skin health, and integral belt loops offer additional security. The case studies show how this appliance can restore peristomal skin integrity and relieve stoma-related anxiety; provide gentle support for a flush stoma and a rounded abdomen; and prevent leaks and improve quality of life after years of stoma-related complications.
Balancing Act
Authors: Stone Tom
Published: September 2023

Lamborghini cars are synonymous with the V12, so much so that, rather than abandon this automotive icon in the marque's first ever true electric vehicle (a plug-in hybrid), engineers have rotated the engine in order to better accommodate a new gearbox that also incorporates one of the car's three electric motors
Electric Syneregy
Authors: Smith David
Published: September 2023

A CLOSE COLLABORATION BETWEEN SENNEBOGEN AND ONE OF ITS DUTCH DEALERS YIELDED SOMETHING SURPRISING – A NEW 50-TONNE ELECTRIC TELESCOPIC CRAWLER, THE 653E
Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment for primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A single-center analysis
Authors: Saito Makoto , Mori Akio , Kajikawa Sayaka , Yokoyama Emi , Kanaya Minoru , Izumiyama Koh , Morioka Masanobu , Kondo Takeshi , Tanei Zen-Ichi , Shimizu Ai
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Maternal diaphragmatic hernia in pregnancy: A systematic review with a treatment algorithm
Authors: Augustin Goran , Kovač Diana , Karadjole Vesna Sokol , Zajec Vendy , Herman Mislav , Hrabač Pero
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Acute peritonitis secondary to post-traumatic appendicitis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Habachi Ghada , Aziza Bochra , Ben-Ammar Sabrine , Maherzi Oussama , Houas Yasmine , Kerkeni Yosra , Sahli Sondes , Jouini Riadh
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Left atrium veno-arterial extra corporeal membrane oxygenation as temporary mechanical support for cardiogenic shock: A case report
Authors: Lamastra Rossana , Abbott David Michael , Degani Antonella , Pellegrini Carlo , Veronesi Roberto , Pelenghi Stefano , Dezza Chiara , Gazzaniga Giulia , Belliato Mirko
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Managing spindle cell sarcoma with surgery and high-intensity focused ultrasound: A case report
Authors: Zhu Ying-Qiong , Zhao Gan-Chao , Zheng Chen-Xi , Yuan Lei , Yuan Geng-Biao
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Acute diquat poisoning case with multiorgan failure and a literature review: A case report
Authors: Fan Chun-Yang , Zhang Chen-Guang , Zhang Peng-Shu , Chen Yu , He Jian-Qiang , Yin He , Gong Xiao-Jie
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections in patients who have rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wang Yulai , Li Guoqing , Ji Baochao , Xu Boyong , Zhang Xiaogang , Maimaitiyiming Asihaerjiang , Cao Li
Published: September 2023

Aims

To investigate the optimal thresholds and diagnostic efficacy of commonly used serological and synovial fluid detection indexes for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in patients who have rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

The data from 348 patients who had RA or osteoarthritis (OA) and had previously undergone a total knee (TKA) and/or a total hip arthroplasty (THA) (including RA-PJI: 60 cases, RA-non-PJI: 80 cases; OA-PJI: 104 cases, OA-non-PJI: 104 cases) were retrospectively analyzed. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal thresholds of the CRP, ESR, synovial fluid white blood cell count (WBC), and polymorphonuclear neutrophil percentage (PMN%) for diagnosing RA-PJI and OA-PJI. The diagnostic efficacy was evaluated by comparing the area under the curve (AUC) of each index and applying the results of the combined index diagnostic test.

Results

For PJI prediction, the results of serological and synovial fluid indexes were different between the RA-PJI and OA-PJI groups. The optimal cutoff value of CRP for diagnosing RA-PJI was 12.5 mg/l, ESR was 39 mm/hour, synovial fluid WBC was 3,654/μl, and PMN% was 65.9%; and those of OA-PJI were 8.2 mg/l, 31 mm/hour, 2,673/μl, and 62.0%, respectively. In the RA-PJI group, the specificity (94.4%), positive predictive value (97.1%), and AUC (0.916) of synovial fluid WBC were higher than those of the other indexes. The optimal cutoff values of synovial fluid WBC and PMN% for diagnosing RA-PJI after THA were significantly higher than those of TKA. The specificity and positive predictive value of the combined index were 100%.

Conclusion

Serum inflammatory and synovial fluid indexes can be used for diagnosing RA-PJI, for which synovial fluid WBC is the best detection index. Combining multiple detection indexes can provide a reference basis for the early and accurate diagnosis of RA-PJI.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(9):559–570.
Animality and the Poetics of Personhood
Authors: Menely Tobias
Published: September 2023

Abstract: A review of Heather Keenleyside's Animals and Other People .
Post-Saidian Studies of Eighteenth-Century European Literature and Culture
Authors: Andrea Bernadette
Published: September 2023

Abstract: A review of Noel Malcom's Useful Enemies: Islam and the Ottoman Empire in Western Political Thought, 1450–1750; Daniel O'Quinn's Engaging the Ottoman Empire: Vexed Mediations, 1690–1815; and Samara Anne Cahill's Intelligent Souls?: Feminist Orientalism in Eighteenth-Century Literature.
Gladiator Girls: Transphobia in the Eighteenth Century and Today
Authors: Ftacek Julia
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This article compares eighteenth-century translations of Juvenalian satire about women athletes and the rhetoric surrounding modern female Olympic athletes. Cultural perceptions of women athletes changed dramatically over the eighteenth century as such athletes came to be defined primarily by their femininity, a category that was being made stricter and narrower as gender difference emerged as a coherent ideology in eighteenth-century England. This article posits that eighteenth-century gender ideology is the root of modern transphobia and ends with a call for eighteenth-century studies scholars to examine their own work and sources for unacknowledged biases.
Affective Subjecthood, Citizenship, and Decolonization in the British Context: Interview with Stuart Ward
Authors: Semyonov Alexander
Published: September 2023

SUMMARY: The Conversations with Authors series in this issue features an interview with Stuart Ward, who discusses his new book Untied Kingdom: A Global History of the End of Britain (Cambridge University Press, 2023). The conversation covers the question of the entanglement of Britishness and the British Empire, lacunae in approaches to nationalism that do not take imperial contexts seriously, the analytical shortfalls of juxtaposing empire and nationalism in the context of modern and global history, and challenges of the global history of empires and comparative research on empires. The interview also touches on the Stuart Ward's novel perspective on the historical semantics of the concept of decolonization and the vantage point such historical reconstruction provides for the historical narratives of decolonization. The latter will be of special interest to the readers of Ab Imperio in view of recent heightened interest in decolonization in the field of Russian and Soviet history. Резюме: В этом номере журнала в серии "Разговор с автором" публикуется интервью со Стюартом Уордом, историком британской империи и деколонизации, автором вышедшей в этом году монографии "Рассоединенное Королевство: Глобальная история заката Британии" – Untied Kingdom: A Global History of the End of Britain (Cambridge University Press, 2023). В интервью обсуждаются такие проблемы, как соотношение британской идентичности и Британской империи, аналитические ограничения классических подходов к изучению национализма, не учитывающих имперский контекст, критика устоявшегося историографического тезиса о противопоставлении империи и национализма в период Новой и Новейшей истории, а также применения сравнительного исторического метода к истории модерных имперских формаций. Интервью также затрагивает предложенную Уордом новаторскую интерпретацию исторической семантики феномена деколонизации и то, какие импликации эта реконструкция содержит для исторических нарративов деколонизации. Последний аспект будет особо интересен читателям Ab Imperio в свете возросшего в последнее время интереса к деколонизации в сфере исследований Российской империи и СССР.
"Like Sneaky Thieves, They Broke into Royal Tombs": Mobility, Egyptian Antiquities, and the Limits of Anti-Colonial Critique
Authors: Fastovskij Vitalij
Published: September 2023

SUMMARY: This article examines how anti-colonial critique of the plunder of Egyptian antiquities reached the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century. Drawing on travelogues and secret police reports, the article analyzes how Russian travelers encountered (or did not encounter) Oriental antiquities through the mediation of local Egyptian guides. Once in the Russian Empire, the returnees shared their impressions with the reading audience and thus acted as coproducers of anti-colonial knowledge. However, the impact of the critique of European museal practices remained limited because of the complex arrangement of group identities and interests. Резюме: В данной статье рассматривается, как антиколониальная критика разграбления египетских древностей получила распространение в Российской империи в начале ХХ века. На основе путевых заметок и полицейских отчетов статья реконструирует реакцию российских путешественников на увиденные при посредничестве местных египетских гидов (или не увиденные на своем месте) восточные древности. Вернувшись в Россию, путешественники делились своими впечатлениями в печати и тем самым участвовали в производстве антиколониального знания. Однако влияние критики европейских музейных практик оставалось ограниченным в силу сложности групповых идентичностей и интересов.
Beyond Triumph: The Russian Art Exhibition of 1924–1926 in the United States and Soviet Cultural Diplomacy
Authors: Golubev Pavel
Published: September 2023

SUMMARY: Anticipating the publication of archival documents, the article reconstructs the history of the Russian Art Exhibition of 1924–1926 in the United States, presenting it as an element of early Soviet cultural diplomacy. The author emphasizes the instrumental roles of organizers like Igor Grabar, Olga Kameneva, Ivan Sytin, Charles Crane, and Christian Brinton. The study discusses various strategies to present Russian and early Soviet art to the American audience. Central to the narration are the dynamic, often conflicting interactions among the key protagonists of this story and the challenges of representing Soviet Russia on the global stage. Резюме: Предваряя публикацию архивных документов, статья реконструирует историю Выставки русского искусства 1924–1926 годов в США. Выставка в ней представлена как эпизод истории советской культурной дипломатии в ранний период ее существования. Автор акцентирует внимание на ключевой роли организаторов выставки, таких как Игорь Грабарь, Ольга Каменева, Иван Сытин, Чарльз Крейн и Кристиан Бринтон. Кроме того, в статье получают освещение различные подходы к демонстрации российского и раннего советского искусства американской публике. Основное внимание сосредоточено на динамичных, порой противоречивых и конфликтных отношениях между организаторами, а также на анализе разного рода проблем и обстоятельств, связанных с репрезентацией советской России на международной арене.
A novel TOX3-WDR5-ABCG2 signaling axis regulates the progression of colorectal cancer by accelerating stem-like traits and chemoresistance
Authors: Hao Jiaojiao , Huang Jinsheng , Hua Chunyu , Zuo Yan , Yu Wendan , Wu Xiaojun , Li Liren , Xue Guoqing , Wan Xinyu , Ru Liyuan , Guo Ziyue , Han Shilong , Deng Wuguo , Lin Fei , Guo Wei
Published: September 2023

The eradication of cancer stem cells (CSCs) with drug resistance confers the probability of local tumor control after chemotherapy or targeted therapy. As the main drug resistance marker, ABCG2 is also critical for colorectal cancer (CRC) evolution, in particular cancer stem–like traits expansion. Hitherto, the knowledge about the expression regulation of ABCG2, in particular its upstream transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, remains limited in cancer, including CRC. Here, ABCG2 was found to be markedly up–regulated in CRC CSCs (cCSCs) expansion and chemo–resistant CRC tissues and closely associated with CRC recurrence. Mechanistically, TOX3 was identified as a specific transcriptional factor to drive ABCG2 expression and subsequent cCSCs expansion and chemoresistance by binding to −261 to −141 segments of the ABCG2 promoter region. Moreover, we found that TOX3 recruited WDR5 to promote tri–methylation of H3K4 at the ABCG2 promoter in cCSCs, which further confers stem–like traits and chemoresistance to CRC by co–regulating the transcription of ABCG2. In line with this observation, TOX3, WDR5, and ABCG2 showed abnormal activation in chemo–resistant tumor tissues of in situ CRC mouse model and clinical investigation further demonstrated the comprehensive assessment of TOX3, WDR5, and ABCG2 could be a more efficient strategy for survival prediction of CRC patients with recurrence or metastasis. Thus, our study found that TOX3–WDR5/ABCG2 signaling axis plays a critical role in regulating CRC stem–like traits and chemoresistance, and a combination of chemotherapy with WDR5 inhibitors may induce synthetic lethality in ABCG2–deregulated tumors.
HIV viral load testing and monitoring in Côte d’Ivoire: A survival analysis of viral load testing and suppression, and evaluation of adherence to national recommendations
Authors: Kemper Kathryn E. , Augusto Orvalho , Gloyd Stephen , Akoku Derick A. , Ouattara Gbossouna , Perrone Lucy A. , Assoa Paul Henri , Akoua-Koffi Chantal , Adje-Toure Christiane , Koné Ahoua
Published: September 2023

Routine viral load (VL) monitoring is the standard of care in Côte d’Ivoire and allows for effective treatment guidance for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to reach viral load suppression (VLS). For VL monitoring to be effective in reducing the impact of HIV, it must be provided in accordance with national guidance. This study aimed to evaluate VL testing, VLS rates and adherence to national guidance for VL testing using data collected from three national laboratories. We collected data on VL testing between 2015–2018 from OpenELIS (OE), an open-source electronic laboratory information system. We merged data by unique patient ID for patients (0–80 years old) who received multiple VL tests to calculate time between tests. We defined VLS as HIV RNA ≤1,000 copies/mL based on Côte d’Ivoire national and WHO guidance at the time of data collection. We used the Kaplan-Meier survival estimator to estimate time between ART (antiretroviral therapy) initiation and the first VL test, time between subsequent VL tests, and to estimate the proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who were virally suppressed within 12 months of ART initiation. At the first documented VL test, 79.6% of patients were virally suppressed (95% CI: 78.9–80.3). Children under 15 were the least likely to be virally suppressed (55.2%, 95% CI: 51.5–58.8). The median time from ART initiation to the first VL sample collection for testing was 7.8 months (IQR:6.2–13.4). 72.4% of patients were virally suppressed within one year of treatment initiation (95% CI:71.5–73.3). Approximately 30% of patients received a second VL test during the 4-year study period. The median time between the first and second VL tests was 24.9 months (IQR: 4.7->40). Most PLHIV received their first VL test within the recommended 12 months of ART initiation but did not receive subsequent VL monitoring tests within the recommended time frame, reducing the benefits of VL monitoring. While VLS was fairly high, children were least likely to be virally suppressed. Our findings highlight the importance of regular VL monitoring after the first VL test, especially for children.