bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Usefulness of the Low-FODMAP Diet with Limited Tryptophan Intake in the Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Chojnacki Cezary , Poplawski Tomasz , Blonska Aleksandra , Konrad Paulina , Chojnacki Jan , Blasiak Janusz
Published: April 2023

(1) Background: A low-FODMAP diet is often recommended in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, but it does not improve abdominal symptoms in all patients, and an alternative diet is desirable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a low-FODMAP diet with a concomitant reduction in tryptophan (TRP) intake in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea predominance (IBS-D) in relation to its metabolism via the serotonin and kynurenine pathways. (2) Methods: 40 healthy people (Group I, Controls) and 80 patients with IBS-D were included in the study. IBS-D patients were randomly divided into two groups of 40 each (Groups IIA and IIB). In Group IIA, the low-FODMAP diet was recommended, while in Group IIB, the same diet was recommended but with limited TRP intake for 8 weeks. The TRP intake was analyzed with the use of the nutritional calculator. Abdominal complaints were assessed using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS-IBS), and psychological status was simultaneously determined using two scales: the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D). TRP and its metabolites: 5-hydoxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and quinolinic acid (QA) were measured in urine using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). (3) Results: The consumption of TRP per mg/kg/b.w./24 h has decreased in Group IIA from 20.9 ± 2.39 to 17.45 ± 2.41 (16.5%) and in Group IIB from 21.3 ± 2.33 to 14.32 (34.4%). Significantly greater improvement was found after nutritional treatment in patients in Group IIB as compared to Group IIA (GSRS score: 38.1% vs. 49.8%; HAM-A: 38.7% vs. 49.9%; HAM-D: 13.8% vs. 35.0%; p < 0.01). Reducing TRP intake showed a negative correlation with the degree of improvement in the GSRS score. (4) Conclusions: Lowering the TRP content in a low-FODMAP diet may be useful in treating IBS-D.
The Association between Vegan Dietary Patterns and Physical Activity—A Cross-Sectional Online Survey
Authors: Haider Sandra , Sima Alina , Kühn Tilman , Wakolbinger Maria
Published: April 2023

A balanced diet and sufficient physical activity (PA) are known to have positive health effects. The relationship between a vegan diet and PA levels is understudied. This cross-sectional online survey aimed to analyze whether different vegan dietary patterns differ in PA. In total, 516 vegan participants were included (June to August 2022). Different dietary patterns were compiled through principal component analysis, while group differences were calculated using independent tests, or chi-squared tests as well as logistic regression analyses. The population had an average age of 28.0 (SD: 7.7) years and had been living vegan for 2.6 (95% CI: 2.5–3.0) years. Two dietary patterns, the “convenience” and the “health-conscious” group, were identified. People with a convenience dietary pattern had significantly higher odds of sitting more (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04–1.18) and not achieving aerobic PA (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.18–2.79) or strength training recommendations (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.26–2.61) than people with a health-conscious dietary pattern. This study suggests the heterogeneity of vegan diets and that dietary patterns must be differentiated, as they also differ in the level of PA. Additional studies involving complete dietary assessment with a focus on ultraprocessed foods, blood metabolite analysis, and objective PA assessment are required.
ADME, Pharmacokinetic Scaling, Pharmacodynamic and Prediction of Human Dose and Regimen of Novel Antiviral Drugs
Authors: Chaira Tridib , Subramani Chandru , Barman Tarani Kanta
Published: April 2023

The search for new drugs is an extremely time-consuming and expensive endeavour. Much of that time and money go into generating predictive human pharmacokinetic profiles from preclinical efficacy and safety animal data. These pharmacokinetic profiles are used to prioritize or minimize the attrition at later stages of the drug discovery process. In the area of antiviral drug research, these pharmacokinetic profiles are equally important for the optimization, estimation of half-life, determination of effective dose, and dosing regimen, in humans. In this article we have highlighted three important aspects of these profiles. First, the impact of plasma protein binding on two primary pharmacokinetic parameters—volume of distribution and clearance. Second, interdependence of primary parameters on unbound fraction of the drug. Third, the ability to extrapolate human pharmacokinetic parameters and concentration time profiles from animal profiles.
A Wall Fragment of Cutibacterium acnes Preserves Junctional Integrity Altered by Staphylococcus aureus in an Ex Vivo Porcine Skin Model
Authors: Magnifico Irene , Perna Angelica , Cutuli Marco , Medoro Alessandro , Pietrangelo Laura , Guarnieri Antonio , Foderà Emanuele , Passarella Daniela , Venditti Noemi , Vergalito Franca , Petronio Petronio Giulio , Di Marco Roberto
Published: April 2023

(1) Background alteration of the skin microbiota, dysbiosis, causes skin barrier impairment resulting in disease development. Staphylococcus aureus, the main pathogen associated with dysbiosis, secretes several virulence factors, including α-toxin that damages tight junctions and compromises the integrity of the skin barrier. The use of members of the resident microbiota to restore the skin barrier, bacteriotherapy, represents a safe treatment for skin conditions among innovative options. The aim of this study is the evaluation of a wall fragment derived from a patented strain of Cutibacterium acnes DSM28251 (c40) alone and conjugated to a mucopolysaccharide carrier (HAc40) in counteracting S. aureus pathogenic action on two tight junction proteins (Claudin-1 and ZO-1) in an ex vivo porcine skin infection model. Methods: skin biopsies were infected with live S. aureus strains ATCC29213 and DSM20491. Tissue was pre-incubated or co-incubated with c40 and HAc40. (3) Results: c40 and HAc40 prevent and counteract Claudin-1 and Zo-1 damage (4) Conclusions: c40 and the functional ingredient HAc40 represent a potential non-pharmacological treatment of skin diseases associated with cutaneous dysbiosis of S. aureus. These findings offer numerous avenues for new research.
Madonna of the Reef in Perast and the Fašinada Custom: Relational and Representational Perspectives on a Maritime Pilgrimage
Authors: Katić Mario
Published: April 2023

This article is about the Fašinada custom. The Fašinada refers to the transporting of stones by boat from the coast to a small island named Madonna of the Reef in Perast, Montenegro. This custom both commemorates the finding of a miraculous painting of the Madonna on a reef in the sea, and it furthers the island’s construction by piling stones on that reef. I consider issues of both representation and relationality linked to this site. These two aspects constantly intermingle, and one cannot be understood without the other. In the first part of the article, I draw more on a political economy perspective on human intentionality and consider the material results of social relations. I describe and explain the complex background to the Madonna of the Reef pilgrimage, the different practices linked to this island and her saint, the transformations that Perast in general and maritime pilgrimages in particular have undergone over time, and then, I describe the multivocality of the contemporary Perast community. In the second half of this article, I consider relational and dwelling perspectives on the co-option and construction of the Madonna of the Reef, and how nature has affected social relations. In doing so, I consider “nonhuman agency” as one of the main reasons why the custom of the Fašinada has transcended its religious context and become a space for interreligious encounters.
The Internet, the Problem of Socialising Young People, and the Role of Religious Education
Authors: Kraner David
Published: April 2023

Alongside the declining religiosity of young Slovenians, there is a growing loneliness among young people. When young people are not motivated or do not have the opportunity to engage in social activities in their free time, they look elsewhere for substitutes. In our study, we highlight the problems young people face with their loneliness, their excessive use of the internet, their low involvement in social activities, and their high tolerance for smartphone distraction. Religious education in Catholic grammar schools in Slovenia plays an important role not only in providing religious content, but also in empowering adolescents to take a critical view of the world, and to actively engage young people in society.
Multispectral Imaging for Skin Diseases Assessment—State of the Art and Perspectives
Authors: Ilișanu Mihaela-Andreea , Moldoveanu Florica , Moldoveanu Alin
Published: April 2023

Skin optical inspection is an imperative procedure for a suspicious dermal lesion since very early skin cancer detection can guarantee total recovery. Dermoscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, optical coherence tomography, multispectral imaging, multiphoton laser imaging, and 3D topography are the most outstanding optical techniques implemented for skin examination. The accuracy of dermatological diagnoses attained by each of those methods is still debatable, and only dermoscopy is frequently used by all dermatologists. Therefore, a comprehensive method for skin analysis has not yet been established. Multispectral imaging (MSI) is based on light–tissue interaction properties due to radiation wavelength variation. An MSI device collects the reflected radiation after illumination of the lesion with light of different wavelengths and provides a set of spectral images. The concentration maps of the main light-absorbing molecules in the skin, the chromophores, can be retrieved using the intensity values from those images, sometimes even for deeper-located tissues, due to interaction with near-infrared light. Recent studies have shown that portable and cost-efficient MSI systems can be used for extracting skin lesion characteristics useful for early melanoma diagnoses. This review aims to describe the efforts that have been made to develop MSI systems for skin lesions evaluation in the last decade. We examined the hardware characteristics of the produced devices and identified the typical structure of an MSI device for dermatology. The analyzed prototypes showed the possibility of improving the specificity of classification between the melanoma and benign nevi. Currently, however, they are rather adjuvants tools for skin lesion assessment, and efforts are needed towards a fully fledged diagnostic MSI device.
Spot Detection for Laser Sensors Based on Annular Convolution Filtering
Authors: Li Lingjiang , Li Maolin , Sun Weijun , Li Zhenni , Yang Zuyuan
Published: April 2023

Spot detection has attracted continuous attention for laser sensors with applications in communication, measurement, etc. The existing methods often directly perform binarization processing on the original spot image. They suffer from the interference of the background light. To reduce this kind of interference, we propose a novel method called annular convolution filtering (ACF). In our method, the region of interest (ROI) in the spot image is first searched by using the statistical properties of pixels. Then, the annular convolution strip is constructed based on the energy attenuation property of the laser and the convolution operation is performed in the ROI of the spot image. Finally, a feature similarity index is designed to estimate the parameters of the laser spot. Experiments on three datasets with different kinds of background light show the advantages of our ACF method, with comparison to the theoretical method based on international standard, the practical method used in the market products, and the recent benchmark methods AAMED and ALS.
An Analytical Antenna Modeling of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Inhomogeneous Media Using FDTD: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: David Dafnik Saril Kumar , Jeong Yeongseok , Wu Yin Chao , Ham Suyun
Published: April 2023

This paper discusses the challenges in characterizing electromagnetic (EM) waves propagating through inhomogeneous media, such as reinforced cement concrete and hot mix asphalt. Understanding the EM properties of materials, including their dielectric constant, conductivity, and magnetic permeability, is crucial to analyzing the behavior of these waves. The focus of this study is to develop a numerical model for EM antennas using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, and to gain a deeper understanding of various EM wave phenomena. Additionally, we verify the accuracy of our model by comparing its results with experimental data. We analyze several antenna models with different materials, including the absorber, high-density polyethylene and perfect electrical conductors, to obtain an analytical signal response that is verified against the experimental response. Furthermore, we model the inhomogeneous mixture of randomly distributed aggregates and voids within a medium. We verify the practicality and reliability of our inhomogeneous models using experimental radar responses on an inhomogeneous medium.
Fast and Noise-Resilient Magnetic Field Mapping on a Low-Cost UAV Using Gaussian Process Regression
Authors: Kuevor Prince E. , Ghaffari Maani , Atkins Ella M. , Cutler James W.
Published: April 2023

This study presents a comprehensive approach to mapping local magnetic field anomalies with robustness to magnetic noise from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The UAV collects magnetic field measurements, which are used to generate a local magnetic field map through Gaussian process regression (GPR). The research identifies two categories of magnetic noise originating from the UAV’s electronics, adversely affecting map precision. First, this paper delineates a zero-mean noise arising from high-frequency motor commands issued by the UAV’s flight controller. To mitigate this noise, the study proposes adjusting a specific gain in the vehicle’s PID controller. Next, our research reveals that the UAV generates a time-varying magnetic bias that fluctuates throughout experimental trials. To address this issue, a novel compromise mapping technique is introduced, enabling the map to learn these time-varying biases with data collected from multiple flights. The compromise map circumvents excessive computational demands without sacrificing mapping accuracy by constraining the number of prediction points used for regression. A comparative analysis of the magnetic field maps’ accuracy and the spatial density of observations employed in map construction is then conducted. This examination serves as a guideline for best practices when designing trajectories for local magnetic field mapping. Furthermore, the study presents a novel consistency metric intended to determine whether predictions from a GPR magnetic field map should be retained or discarded during state estimation. Empirical evidence from over 120 flight tests substantiates the efficacy of the proposed methodologies. The data are made publicly accessible to facilitate future research endeavors.
Measurement of Simple Reaction Time of the Cyclist in the Laboratory and Natural Environment Condition
Authors: Żak Michał , Mikrut Grzegorz , Sobota Grzegorz
Published: April 2023

The most commonly used reaction time tests within the athlete community require appropriate testing conditions and equipment, most frequently laboratory ones, which are not suitable for testing athletes in their natural environment and do not fully represent athletes’ natural capabilities and the influence of the surrounding environment. Therefore, this study’s goal is to compare the simple reaction times (SRTs) of cyclists during tests in laboratory conditions and in natural cycling surroundings. The young cyclists (55 participants) took part in the study. The SRT was measured in a quiet laboratory room with the use of the special device. During riding and standing with a bike outdoors, the necessary signal was captured and transmitted by a folic tactile sensor (FTS) and an extra intermediary circuit (both invented by our team member) connected to a muscle activity measurement system (Noraxon DTS Desktop, Scottsdale, AZ, USA). The results showed that external conditions significantly affect the SRT, with it being the longest when riding and the shortest if measured in an isolated laboratory room, but without an effect of gender. Typically, men have a shorter reaction time, but our result supports other observations, where people with an active lifestyle show no sex differentiation in SRT. The proposed FTS with an intermediary circuit allowed us to measure SRT with the use of non-dedicated equipment and avoid buying a new one for a single specific use.
Deep Reinforcement Learning–Based Online One-to-Multiple Charging Scheme in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Network
Authors: Gong Zheng , Wu Hao , Feng Yong , Liu Nianbo
Published: April 2023

Wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSN) have been emerging as an effective solution to the energy constraint problem of wireless sensor networks (WSN). However, most of the existing charging schemes use Mobile Charging (MC) to charge nodes one-to-one and do not optimize MC scheduling from a more comprehensive perspective, leading to difficulties in meeting the huge energy demand of large-scale WSNs; therefore, one-to-multiple charging which can charge multiple nodes simultaneously may be a more reasonable choice. To achieve timely and efficient energy replenishment for large-scale WSN, we propose an online one-to-multiple charging scheme based on Deep Reinforcement Learning, which utilizes Double Dueling DQN (3DQN) to jointly optimize the scheduling of both the charging sequence of MC and the charging amount of nodes. The scheme cellularizes the whole network based on the effective charging distance of MC and uses 3DQN to determine the optimal charging cell sequence with the objective of minimizing dead nodes and adjusting the charging amount of each cell being recharged according to the nodes’ energy demand in the cell, the network survival time, and MC’s residual energy. To obtain better performance and timeliness to adapt to the varying environments, our scheme further utilizes Dueling DQN to improve the stability of training and uses Double DQN to reduce overestimation. Extensive simulation experiments show that our proposed scheme achieves better charging performance compared with several existing typical works, and it has significant advantages in terms of reducing node dead ratio and charging latency.
A Lightweight Feature Distillation and Enhancement Network for Super-Resolution Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Gao Feng , Li Liangliang , Wang Jiawen , Sun Kaipeng , Lv Ming , Jia Zhenhong , Ma Hongbing
Published: April 2023

Super-resolution (SR) images based on deep networks have achieved great accomplishments in recent years, but the large number of parameters that come with them are not conducive to use in equipment with limited capabilities in real life. Therefore, we propose a lightweight feature distillation and enhancement network (FDENet). Specifically, we propose a feature distillation and enhancement block (FDEB), which contains two parts: a feature-distillation part and a feature-enhancement part. Firstly, the feature-distillation part uses the stepwise distillation operation to extract the layered feature, and here we use the proposed stepwise fusion mechanism (SFM) to fuse the retained features after stepwise distillation to promote information flow and use the shallow pixel attention block (SRAB) to extract information. Secondly, we use the feature-enhancement part to enhance the extracted features. The feature-enhancement part is composed of well-designed bilateral bands. The upper sideband is used to enhance the features, and the lower sideband is used to extract the complex background information of remote sensing images. Finally, we fuse the features of the upper and lower sidebands to enhance the expression ability of the features. A large number of experiments show that the proposed FDENet both produces less parameters and performs better than most existing advanced models.
Auto Sizing of CANDU Nuclear Reactor Fuel Channel Flaws from UT Scans
Authors: Hammad Issam , Poloni Matthew , Isherwood Andrew , Simpson Ryan
Published: April 2023

The inspection of nuclear power plants is an essential process that occurs during plant outages. During this process, various systems are inspected, including the reactor’s fuel channels to ensure that they are safe and reliable for the plant’s operation. The inspection of Canada Deuterium Uranium (CANDU®) reactor pressure tubes, which are the core component of the fuel channels and house the reactor fuel bundles, is performed using Ultrasonic Testing (UT). Based on the current process that is followed by Canadian nuclear operators, the UT scans are manually examined by analysts to locate, measure, and characterize pressure tube flaws. This paper proposes solutions for the auto-detection and sizing of pressure tube flaws using two deterministic algorithms, the first uses segmented linear regression, while the second uses the average time of flight (ToF) within ±σ of µ. When compared against a manual analysis stream, the linear regression algorithm and the average ToF achieved an average depth difference of 0.0180 mm and 0.0206 mm, respectively. These results are very close to the depth difference of 0.0156 mm when comparing two manual streams. Therefore, the proposed algorithms can be adopted in production, which can lead to significant cost savings in terms of time and labor.
Roman Urdu Hate Speech Detection Using Transformer-Based Model for Cyber Security Applications
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Khan Atif , Jan Salman , Musa Shahrulniza , Ali Shaukat
Published: April 2023

Social media applications, such as Twitter and Facebook, allow users to communicate and share their thoughts, status updates, opinions, photographs, and videos around the globe. Unfortunately, some people utilize these platforms to disseminate hate speech and abusive language. The growth of hate speech may result in hate crimes, cyber violence, and substantial harm to cyberspace, physical security, and social safety. As a result, hate speech detection is a critical issue for both cyberspace and physical society, necessitating the development of a robust application capable of detecting and combating it in real-time. Hate speech detection is a context-dependent problem that requires context-aware mechanisms for resolution. In this study, we employed a transformer-based model for Roman Urdu hate speech classification due to its ability to capture the text context. In addition, we developed the first Roman Urdu pre-trained BERT model, which we named BERT-RU. For this purpose, we exploited the capabilities of BERT by training it from scratch on the largest Roman Urdu dataset consisting of 173,714 text messages. Traditional and deep learning models were used as baseline models, including LSTM, BiLSTM, BiLSTM + Attention Layer, and CNN. We also investigated the concept of transfer learning by using pre-trained BERT embeddings in conjunction with deep learning models. The performance of each model was evaluated in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure. The generalization of each model was evaluated on a cross-domain dataset. The experimental results revealed that the transformer-based model, when directly applied to the classification task of the Roman Urdu hate speech, outperformed traditional machine learning, deep learning models, and pre-trained transformer-based models in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure, with scores of 96.70%, 97.25%, 96.74%, and 97.89%, respectively. In addition, the transformer-based model exhibited superior generalization on a cross-domain dataset.
Low-Cost Turbidity Sensor to Determine Eutrophication in Water Bodies
Authors: Rocher Javier , Jimenez Jose M. , Tomas Jesus , Lloret Jaime
Published: April 2023

Eutrophication is the excessive growth of algae in water bodies that causes biodiversity loss, reducing water quality and attractiveness to people. This is an important problem in water bodies. In this paper, we propose a low-cost sensor to monitor eutrophication in concentrations between 0 to 200 mg/L and in different mixtures of sediment and algae (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% algae, the rest are sediment). We use two light sources (infrared and RGB LED) and two photoreceptors at 90° and 180° of the light sources. The system has a microcontroller (M5stacks) that powers the light sources and obtains the signal received by the photoreceptors. In addition, the microcontroller is responsible for sending information and generating alerts. Our results show that the use of infrared light at 90° can determine the turbidity with an error of 7.45% in NTU readings higher than 2.73 NTUs, and the use of infrared light at 180° can measure the solid concentration with an error of 11.40%. According to the determination of the % of algae, the use of a neural network has a precision of 89.3% in the classification, and the determination of the mg/L of algae in water has an error of 17.95%.
Study on Prevention and Control Measures of Water–Sand Inrushes Based on Adaptive Adjustment of Mined Thickness
Authors: Liu Qin , Lian Ye , Wang Jun , Li Tao
Published: April 2023

There have been frequent occurrences of water–sand inrushes in underground mines due to irregular mining activities under thick loose gravel layers. The morphological development characteristics of the caving zone and the changes in the geological conditionsin the working face under a thick loose sedimentlayerof the Pingan Coal Mine have been studied. The empirical formula and numerical simulations are carried out to explore the effect of different thicknesses of the bedrock on the height of the caving zoneand mining thickness. The method of solving the water-sand inrush of the fully mechanized caving face by adjusting the mining thickness was proposed. The results indicate that there is a linear relationshipbetween the height of the caving zone and the mined thickness. The caving height ratio decreases with an increase in the mined thickness and the correlation can be described by a power function. The maximum allowable height of the caving zone and mined thickness are determined based on the thickness of the bedrockand the changed tendency of the caving height ratio. This provides a mean to control the stability of the sand layer on the roof of the working face by adjusting the mined thickness of coal. The method has been applied in the Pingan mine to prevent water-sand inrushes successfully.
Phytoremediation Prospects for Restoration of Contamination in the Natural Ecosystems
Authors: Khan Shaista , Masoodi Tariq H. , Pala Nazir A. , Murtaza Shah , Mugloo Javeed A. , Sofi Parvez A. , Zaman Musaib U. , Kumar Rupesh , Kumar Amit
Published: April 2023

Toxic substances have a deleterious effect on biological systems if accrued in ecosystems beyond their acceptable limit. A natural ecosystem can become contaminated due to the excessive release of toxic substances by various anthropogenic and natural activities, which necessitates rehabilitation of the environmental contamination. Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly and cost-efficient method of biotechnological mitigation for the remediation of polluted ecosystems and revegetation of contaminated sites. The information provided in this review was collected by utilizing various sources of research information, such as ResearchGate, Google Scholar, the Scopus database and other relevant resources. In this review paper, we discuss (i) various organic and inorganic contaminants; (ii) sources of contamination and their adverse effects on terrestrial and aquatic life; (iii) approaches to the phytoremediation process, including phytoextraction, rhizoremediation, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, rhizofiltration, phytodegradation, phytodesalination and phytohydraulics, and their underlying mechanisms; (iv) the functions of various microbes and plant enzymes in the biodegradation process and their potential applications; and (v) advantages and limitations of the phytoremediation technique. The reported research aimed to adequately appraise the efficacy of the phytoremediation treatment and facilitate a thorough understanding of specific contaminants and their underlying biodegradation pathways. Detailed procedures and information regarding characteristics of ideal plants, sources of heavy metal contamination, rhizodegradation techniques, suitable species and removal of these contaminants are put forward for further application. Scientists, planners and policymakers should focus on evaluating possible risk-free alternative techniques to restore polluted soil, air and water bodies by involving local inhabitants and concerned stakeholders.
Estimation of Spring Maize Evapotranspiration in Semi-Arid Regions of Northeast China Using Machine Learning: An Improved SVR Model Based on PSO and RF Algorithms
Authors: Hou Wenjie , Yin Guanghua , Gu Jian , Ma Ningning
Published: April 2023

Accurate estimation of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) is crucial for effective irrigation and water management. To achieve this, support vector regression (SVR) was applied to estimate the daily ETc of spring maize. Random forest (RF) as a data pre-processing technique was utilized to determine the optimal input variables for the SVR model. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) was employed to optimize the SVR model. This study used data obtained from field experiments conducted between 2017 and 2019, including crop coefficient and daily meteorological data. The performance of the innovative hybrid RF–SVR–PSO model was evaluated against a standalone SVR model, a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) model and a RF model, using different input meteorological variables. The ETc values were calculated using the Penman–Monteith equation, which is recommended by the FAO, and used as a reference for the models’ estimated values. The results showed that the hybrid RF–SVR–PSO model performed better than all three standalone models for ETc estimation of spring maize. The Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and coefficient of determination (R2) ranges were 0.956–0.958, 0.275–0.282 mm d−1, 0.221–0.231 mm d−1 and 0.957–0.961, respectively. It is proved that the hybrid RF–SVR–PSO model is appropriate for estimation of daily spring maize ETc in semi-arid regions.
Convergence of selection calculations and management reporting in agribusiness organizations
Authors:   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Moscow, Russia, Khoruzhy L. I. , Katkov Yu. N. ,   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Moscow, Russia, Romanova A. A. ,   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Moscow, Russia, Katkova E. A. ,   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Moscow, Russia, Dzhikiya M. K. ,   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2023

The article provides a theoretical justification for the convergence of selection indices used in the livestock and crop production industry. Integration of selection calculations and information and analytical tools within the framework of the implementation of the Import Substitution Program in terms of seed production is a strategic task of the domestic agro-industrial complex. Adaptation of traditional tools of strategic management accounting, such as: elements of a balanced scorecard, a strategic map, plays an important role in order to maintain the competitiveness of the domestic agricultural sector in unstable economic and political conditions. The dynamic development of economic relations has influenced the use of new methodological solutions, including in relation to the information and analytical system of agricultural organizations. In order to promptly obtain the necessary data, form and present in management accounting information about the level and dynamics of selection achievements of agricultural organizations and make important management decisions, an analytical tool is required that allows monitoring the development of the level of import substitution of strategic industries in a short time.
Intangible assets: recognition criteria, classification and Evaluation
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Udmurt State Agrarian University», Izhevsk, Russia, Shlyapnikovа E. A. , Seleznevа I. P. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Udmurt State Agrarian University», Izhevsk, Russia, Seleznevа I. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Udmurt State Agrarian University», Izhevsk, Russia, Dzhikiya K. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «RGAU — MSHA named after K. A. Timiryazev», Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the disclosure of the concept of «intangible assets» as accounting objects. The criteria for recognition of intangible assets in accounting are determined, their classification by types and groups is given. The composition of the actual costs of capital investments in intangible assets is disclosed. The evaluation methods are considered for various moments and in accordance with the purpose of the application.
Pan-Americanism of S. Bolivar vs. Pan — Americanism of the USA
Authors:   Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow, Lezgintsev Yuri M
Published: April 2023

Hero of national liberation struggle in Latin América S.Bolívar’s ideological heritage regarding the necessity of unity for creole nations came through in the documents of Panamá congress which had laid down the base for the concept of continental solidarity and mutual assistance. This combination of conceptual positions serves a guideline for patriotic part of local society till now. However, the creative potential of these ideas has been repeatedly distorted and interpreted in the favor of the USA which, by fate, was situated on the same continent. So, it appears very important to clarify the true aspirations of the leader of national liberation struggle and, taking as examples historical facts, to compare his vision with actual situation. The author’s analysis determines relevance of this theme.
The International Legal Regime of Control over Cyber Weapons in the Future World Order: Threats and Prospects
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Romashkina N. P.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the growing number of problems in the global environment of information and communication technologies (ICT), which characterize the current crisis military-political situation. Until recently, experts from different countries spoke about many of them purely theoretically, and possible scenarios of using ICT for malicious infl uence on military critical infrastructure were sometimes even denied. Now this problem is not only recognized by the scientific and expert community, but we are already talking about the voiced facts of the practical use of cyber weapons, other information and cyber means in the conditions of the crisis. Thus, the malicious use of ICT can provoke the outbreak of an interstate military confl ict. First of all, because of the disproportionate use of methods of responding to threats and attacks, when the aff ected party can use real weapons in response. In addition, a confl ict may arise by mistake, since there is currently no universal methodology for identifying violators, criteria for classifying cyberattacks as an armed attack have not been worked out, universal principles for investigating incidents have not been formed. The issues of coordination of measures taken in response to information operations recognized as acts of use of force have not yet been resolved. As a result, information wars and the use of new technologies can become the detonator of an interstate military confl ict with the use of even nuclear weapons. Therefore, the question of the need for active actions of the "great powers" to prevent confl icts in the global information space, which in the conditions of military operations can develop into a global confl ict, is as relevant as possible. The article provides a factual analysis of ICT threats during the special military operation of Russia, explores the possibilities of creating an international regime for the prohibition of information (including cybernetic) weapons, the relevance and increasing importance of studying these processes by the scientific community. The article substantiates the formulation of the problem of international information security as part of a broader topic of international security against the background of global challenges.
Letter From the Editor
Authors: Hoffman Regina
Published: April 2023

This March marks the 21st Patient Safety Awareness Week, first initiated in 2002 by the National Patient Safety Foundation to invite conversations on how to reduce harm and improve care.

In this issue, you will find four articles that originated from the Patient Safety Authority’s fall master class in writing. Applicants submitted a description of a recent quality improvement study and those selected participated in a two-part workshop. The facilitators, Johns Hopkins’ Olivia Lounsbury and Patient Safety editors Caitlyn Allen and Eugene Myers, helped translate tremendous patient care into publishable manuscripts. (Keep an eye out for future workshops!)
Managing digital transformation of business in modern companies: problems and instruments of decision-making
Authors: Gumerov M. F.
Published: April 2023

The object of the present article is new approaches to decision-making in management of a company’s business digital transformation. These new approaches are based on three components: system economics, specific of managerial style and phenomenological modeling. The third component is the most important one because it integrates the previous two. This kind of modeling is being used for a long period already in nature studying and technics for designing production circumstances of particular materials. And then integrating such models forms a base for creating model which describes long-term laws of the relative materials’ behavior. We offer to accept this experience to arena provided with management of modern companies’ business digital transformation. In the similar way, here phenomenological models are the base of managerial decisions for particular situations which are accompanied by lack of information, but demand decision in the shortest period.
Trends in the provision of corporate resources to industrial enterprises in the conditions of the mobilization economy
Authors: Levina E. V.
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the article. The research conducted by the author of the article is aimed at identifying key approaches to the formation of modern corporate resources at industrial enterprises in order to ensure the functioning of critical infrastructure in a mobilization economy. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research being carried out was made up of private scientific and general scientific methods, techniques, technologies and approaches, among which it is necessary to distinguish systemic and structural-functional approaches to determine the structure of critical infrastructure and the interaction of structural elements, situational approach to identify spatio-temporal factors affecting the functioning of systems, economic-mathematical and statistical methods to identify the current state the level of security of industrial enterprises with corporate resources. Results. The author of the article suggests the main approaches and directions of providing industrial enterprises with corporate resources in the conditions of the mobilization economy. Conclusions. The recommendations formed by the author of the article and the selected approaches will ensure the functioning of the critical infrastructure of enterprises in the conditions of the mobilization economy. Application. The results obtained by the author of the study can be used in the process of providing business structures with corporate resources that meet modern requirements in a mobilization economy.
Rating matrix for assessing the current state and prospects for the development of the region
Authors: Vashchenko T. V. , Voskanian R. O.
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the shortcomings of existing rating models for assessing the investment attractiveness of regions. Based on the conducted research, a rating matrix has been developed that allows a specific region to be classified into one of nine categories that characterize its current state, investment potential, main advantages and the most significant problems. The availability of a simple and effective tool that allows you to assess the state of the investment climate of Russian regions and the quality of the management activities of the regional leadership aimed at improvement is an important condition for attracting investment. Such a tool should be publicly available to investors, as well as form the basis for the development of strategic plans for the development of the region.
Sociological, hybrid, institutional and psychological models of a person in the field of management
Authors: Morozov V. A.
Published: April 2023

This article is devoted to the study of the diversity of human models of various scientific schools that are inherently present in the field of management. The sociological models of a person with their assessment regarding the manifestation of their characteristic features are investigated. The features of institutional and hybrid models and their specifics in management issues are revealed. The characteristics of the psychological portrait of a person, reduced to certain types and helping to determine their behavior in resolving managerial situations, are studied and interrelated. A model of mental and social interaction from game theory using a power solution is considered, since the form of social obedience is submission to authority. The concept of human relations is speculatively presented, which reflects the necessary connections, including social management.
Innovative and cognitive model of a person in the field of management
Authors: Morozov V. A. , Berdnikova O. A.
Published: April 2023

The concept and content of an innovative and cognitive person are revealed. It is proved that the development of innovative thinking helps to form mental-vital models of human development in various fields, including management. Schematically, the types of innovators and the relationships that determine the manifestation of their features are presented. The approaches that contribute to the education of innovative and cognitive potential in a person are investigated. The necessity of combining innovation with human spirituality is substantiated. The necessary criteria and features of identifying and building the abilities/talent of managers of the new generation have been formed. A schematic model of an innovative and cognitive person has been developed.
The state and the national economy: Principles and tools of interaction in the system of managerial relations
Authors: Vinslav Yu. B.
Published: April 2023

The problem of interaction between the state and the economy is considered in the article in the context of improving managerial relations. At the same time, the state acts as a subject, and the national economy acts as an object of managerial interaction. The processes of deglobalization, exacerbation of crisis phenomena in the world economy and international relations determine the importance of a clear understanding and responsible adherence to national interests in state regulation of the economy. The author's interpretation of the essence of national interests in the economy and the specifics of the implementation of the strategic course for their implementation are presented. The key conditions for the convergence of the economic interests of the state and business are considered. The characteristic of the instruments of state regulation of managerial relations is given, assuming both consideration of external environmental factors and the need to improve the existing economic and managerial model. Criteria for assessing the quality of managerial relations are proposed.
Prospects for implementation of risk-oriented approach in order to conduct audit of effectiveness of existing measures of state support of Russian industrial enterprises
Authors: Eremin S. G.
Published: April 2023

The article conducted an analytical review of the prospects for implementing a risk-based approach in order to audit the effectiveness of existing government support measures for Russian industrial enterprises. The author argues for the relevance and significance of the research topic. A brief description of the current situation of the sectors of the Russian industry is given, the vector of measures of state support for industrial enterprises at the current stage is being specified. The thesis is formulated that due to the uncertainty of the country's economic development prospects due to geopolitical imbalances, and therefore the degree of impact of environmental factors on the domestic producer, there is a need to strengthen and/or improve the mechanism for assessing (audit) the effectiveness of existing state support measures for industrial enterprises. We are considering an alternative to integrating the element (s) of a risk-oriented approach to solve key tasks in this direction. Methodological practice-oriented recommendations on the implementation of a risk-oriented approach are proposed in order to audit (assess) the effectiveness of existing measures of state support for Russian industrial enterprises.