bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining Rater Biases of Peer Assessors in Different Assessment Environments
Authors: YEŞİLÇINAR Sabahattin , ŞATA Mehmet
Published: December 2021

The current study employed many-facet Rasch measurement (MFRM) to explain the rater bias patterns of EFL student teachers (hereafter students) when they rate the teaching performance of their peers in three assessment environments: online, face-to-face, and anonymous. Twenty-four students and two instructors rated 72 micro-teachings performed by senior Turkish students. The performance was assessed using a five-category analytic rubric developed by the researchers (Lesson Presentation, Classroom Management, Communication, Material, and Instructional Feedback). MFRM revealed the severity and leniency biases in all three assessment environments at the group and individual levels, drawing attention to the less occurrence of biases anonymous assessment. The central tendency and halo effects were observed only at the individual level in all three assessment environments, and these errors were similar to each other. Semi-structured interviews with peer raters (n = 24) documented their perspectives about how the anonymous assessment affected the severity, leniency, central tendency, and halo effects. Besides, the findings displayed that hiding the identity of the peers develops the reliability and validity of the measurements performed during peer assessment.
Children’ Stress, Depression, Sleep, and Internet Use
Authors: HAN Shin-IL , LEE Dong Hun
Published: December 2021

This study examines the connections between children’s sleep, stress, depression, and internet use. Parents believe that sleep effectively reduces children’s stress, while children instead insist that internet use is effective for reducing their stress. Based on that argument, this study has three purposes: to examine whether sleep or internet use is more effective at reducing children's stress, examine whether stress is related to depression, and examine whether sleep affects depression through children's stress as a mediating factor. To this end, this study gathered a sample of 1,796 children from 32 elementary schools—all fourth- to sixth-graders who volunteered to take the survey—and measured their stress level, depression level, sleep hours, and hours of internet use. The Daily Stress Scale of Korean Children, Korean Child Depression Scale, hours of sleep on average per day (sleep), and hours of using electronic devices per day (internet use) were used as the measurements. Regarding the statistical analysis methods used in this study, linear regression was used to examine the regression effect of both sleep and internet use on stress and the regression effect of stress on depression. Path analysis, one of the structural equation models, was also used to find direct, indirect, and mediating effects between variables. The study results show that (i) sleep, not internet usage, effectively relieves children’s stress; (ii) stress is an important influence on depression; and (iii) sufficient sleep reduces stress, which reduces depression. It is recommended that future studies consider the quality of sleep and quantity of sleep for more valid data analysis and carry out follow-up research with wider age groups.
A study to assess the perception towards online classes during COVID 19 pandemic among nursing students studying in a selected nursing college of Jammu
Authors: Thakur Manisha , Pushpam. I Deva Pon
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic situation had led to drastic change in lifestyle of common people especially in student life as this led to shift from traditional method of teaching to online learning. Online teaching plays a crucial role, helping in continuing the courses during this pandemic. Hence, it is essential for the educators to find out students’ perception that ensures their satisfaction towards the online classes. A descriptive study was used toassess the perception towards online classes during COVID 19 pandemic among 205 nursing students selected by total enumerative sampling technique. Structured likert scale was used to collect the data through online survey.The results revealed that majority 96.6% of the nursing students were partially satisfied, whereas only 2.4% were fully satisfied and only 1% was unsatisfied towards online classes.
To compare the impact of sitting and supine position on behavioral distress during immunization among children (1-3 years) in selected immunization clinics
Authors: Kurian Grace , Mendonca Theresa Leonilda
Published: December 2021

Background of the study: Immunizations cause distress in children due to its acute pain. Younger children are particularly in need of intervention because they report more pain and display more behavioral distress during painful procedures. One of the effective non-pharmacological interventions of acute management is comfort position given by the parent. Comfort position provided by the parent during immunizations has been demonstrated to be useful in infants, toddlers and pre-school children. Yet, this simple intervention is not used on a routine basis. Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the impact of sitting and supine position on behavioral distress during immunization among children (1-3 years) in selected immunization clinics. Objectives of the study: To determine the impact of sitting position on behavioral distress of children receiving immunization (Group I - experimental group). 1. To determine the impact of supine position on behavioral distress of children receiving immunization (Group II - control group). 2. To compare the impact of sitting and supine position on behavioral distress of children during immunization. Methods: The research design adopted for the study was post test only control group design. Immunization clinic selected based on the convenience of the investigator. Purposive sampling technique used to select the sample and the sample were assigned randomly in to Group I(experimental group) and Group II(control group).To assess the impact of position: PBRS-R was used to assess the behavioral distress of children during immunization injection. Results: The collected data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. 1. Assessment of behavioral distress scores during immunization injection showed significant difference in mean scores in Group I (16.4±2.30) and in Group II (28.45±2.59). 2. Comparison of behavioral distress scores in Group I and Group II showed that there is a significant difference (p<0.05) in behavioral distress between experimental (Group I) and control (Group II) group. 3. Item wise comparison of behavioral distress scores in Group I and Group II showed that there is no significant difference(p<0.05) in behavioral distress between experimental (Group I) and control (Group II) group. Interpretation and conclusion: Findings of the study revealed that the comfort position, i.e., sitting position was effective in reducing behavioral distress during immunisation. Hence, paediatric nurses ought to promote the use of comfort position to reduce behavioral distress associated with painful procedure.
To Assess the Parental Perception on Sleep Habit among the Children in Pediatric Ward and OPD of Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Anjana , Anto Anju , Paul Anju , P.R. Ann Mariya , Biju Neena , Antony Neethu , Varghese Rose Mary , R. A Thasni , Joseph Suja Ann , Anto Treesa , Gnanadurai Angela
Published: December 2021

Children are the worlds precious resources and the best hope for future. During clinical experiences, observation and rapport with mothers, investigators assess many children show difference in sleep patterns and irritated with daily life. The present study was aimed to assess the parental perception on sleep habit of children in the paediatric ward. Objectives: assess the parental perception on sleep habit among children and to find relationship between sleep habit and selected socio demographic variables. Methodology: Quantitative experimental approach was used with descriptive design. The data were collected from 50 children by using random sampling technique. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result and interpretation: The findings of the study had shown that majority of subjects 24(48%) of the children belongs to age group of 2 to 3 years, 27(54%) were females, 25(50) of children were moderately nourished.39(78%) of children has a meal pattern of more than one hour before sleep, 60% like outdoor play, 35(70%) does not need toys for sleep. Majority of the parents 22(44%) belongs to 26-30 age group, 25(50%) belongs to females, 17(34%) were graduates, 40(80%) were healthy. we found that there is a relationship between clinical data variables such as nutritional status(p=0.041) with sleep habit of children. By using parental perception questionnaire, we found that parents have good perception on sleep habit among children as out of 50 samples 35(70%) secure good score, 14 (28%) secure satisfactory score and only 1(2%) secure poor score.
A Study to assess the breast feeding self-efficacy among postnatal mothers at NRI General Hospital Guntur Dist., Andhra Pradesh.
Authors: Jahnavi Kambham , S. Gomathi
Published: December 2021

Background: Breastfeeding is one of the most important determinants of child survival, birth spacing, and prevention of childhood infections. The importance of exclusive breastfeeding and the immunological and nutritional values of breast milk has been demonstrated. Materials and Methods: A quantitative approach and non-experimental descriptive design was adopted. The study was conducted on 60 postnatal mothers admitted at NRI General Hospital using convenient sampling technique. Data were collected structured knowledge questionnaire and obtained data were analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Regarding the breastfeeding self-efficacy among post-natal mothers, 23.3% mothers had low confidence, 33.3% mothers had moderate confidence, 43.3% mothers had high confidence. Conclusion: The findings revealed that the improve the breast feeding self-efficacy of postnatal Mother’s.
Discussion on research capability of teachers in pedagogical universities/faculties to meet the requirements of the New General Education Curriculum 2018
Authors: Nguyen Van De , Luong Thanh Tan , Phan Trong Nam , Danh Danh , Vo Phuong Vy
Published: December 2021

The New General Education Eurriculum 2018 has had an impact on the teaching professionals in pedagogical universities/faculties; and the development of teachers’ research capability is absolutely vital in the reform context. The article outlines the significance and essential qualities of teachers in scientific research activities. On that basis, strategies to enhance research capability for teachers in pedagogical universities/faculties are suggested to meet the requirements of the New General Education Curriculum issued in 2018.
Hiệu quả kỹ thuật của các hộ nuôi tôm sú tại tỉnh Bạc Liêu
Authors: Thi Thị Mỹ Duyên
Published: December 2021

Hiệu quả kỹ thuật và hiệu quả theo quy mô trong nghiên cứu này được ước lượng bằng phương pháp phân tích màng bao dữ liệu định hướng đầu vào, dựa trên số liệu sơ cấp thu thập từ 127 hộ nuôi tôm sú tại tỉnh Bạc Liêu, 44 hộ thâm canh, 44 hộ bán thâm canh và 39 hộ quảng canh. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy hiệu quả kỹ thuật hộ bán thâm canh (67,6%) cao hơn so với hộ thâm canh (59%) và quảng canh (36,1%). Kết quả nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy hiệu quả theo quy mô của hộ nuôi thâm canh, bán thâm canh và quảng canh lần lược là 79,9%, 75,3% và 41,1%.
Một số biểu hiện của nhân sinh quan Phật giáo trong Truyền kỳ mạn lục của Nguyễn Dữ
Authors: Phạm Văn Hoá
Published: December 2021

Văn hóa Phật giáo ảnh hưởng khá sâu đậm đối với văn hóa Việt Nam truyền thống. Văn học trung đại Việt Nam chịu tác động của văn hóa Phật giáo trong các giai đoạn phát triển. Từ “Truyền kỳ mạn lục” của Nguyễn Dữ, bài viết phân tích một số biểu hiện của nhân sinh quan Phật giáo như báo ứng nhân quả, tu nhân tích đức, kiếp khác và địa ngục... ảnh hưởng đối với nội dung, hình thức nghệ thuật của tác phẩm truyền kỳ. Trong bài viết này, bằng nỗ lực phân tích một số biểu hiện nhân sinh quan Phật giáo trong Truyền kỳ mạn lục, người viết mong góp phần lý giải những phẫn uất đầy cảm giác bất lực trong lời gào thét lên án thời cuộc của Nguyễn Dữ.
Đặc điểm định danh của từ chỉ tên gọi tôm cá vùng Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long
Authors: Trần Hoàng Anh , Đặng Thanh Hải
Published: December 2021

Bài viết tập trung miêu tả, phân tích đặc điểm định danh của lớp từ chỉ tên gọi tôm cá vùng Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long. Qua thống kê, miêu tả, phân tích, chúng tôi chỉ ra đặc điểm định danh của lớp từ này. Trên cơ sở đó, bài viết khái quát các đặc điểm ngôn ngữ - văn hóa biểu hiện qua đặc điểm định danh tên gọi tôm cá vùng Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long, đồng thời cũng góp phần làm rõ thêm đôi nét về văn hóa - ngôn ngữ của cư dân nghề cá nơi đây.
Quản lý hoạt động giáo dục bảo vệ môi trường cho trẻ mẫu giáo ở Trường Thực hành Sư phạm Mầm non Hoa Hồng
Authors: Lê Thị Kim Anh
Published: December 2021

Giáo dục bảo vệ môi trường đang là nhiệm vụ cần thiết và cấp bách của tất cả các ngành, các cấp học nhằm mục tiêu đảm bảo sự tồn tại và phát triển của con người, sinh vật trước những biến đổi ngày càng phức tạp của môi trường. Bài viết đề cập tới mục đích, nội dung, phương pháp và hình thức quản lý hoạt động giáo dục bảo vệ môi trường cho trẻ mẫu giáo và chia sẻ một số biện pháp quản lý hoạt động giáo dục bảo vệ môi trường cho trẻ mẫu giáo ở Trường Thực hành sư phạm mầm non Hoa Hồng (trực thuộc Trường Đại học Đồng Tháp), nhằm góp phần nâng cao hiệu quả quản lý hoạt động giáo dục môi trường trong Trường Thực hành sư phạm Mầm non Hoa Hồng hiện nay.
Tính triết lí trong truyện ngắn của nhà văn Nguyễn Ngọc Tư
Authors: Nguyễn Minh Ca
Published: December 2021

Với phương pháp khảo sát - thống kê, phân tích - tổng hợp và các thao tác chứng minh, so sánh,… bài viết khảo sát và phân định những nội dung về tính triết lí trong truyện ngắn của nhà văn Nguyễn Ngọc Tư. Kết quả khảo sát 70 truyện ngắn của nhà văn, chúng tôi ghi nhận được 79 câu triết lí với bốn nội dung được phân định, cụ thể: triết lí về cuộc sống; triết lí về con người; triết lí về nghề nghiệp; triết lí về tình yêu (những phân định này chỉ mang tính chất tương đối). Có thể nói, những triết lí của nhà văn đã và đang có tác động khá lớn đến tư tưởng của người đọc trong hơn thập niên vừa qua.
Xây dựng phong cách làm việc cho đội ngũ cán bộ, đảng viên theo phong cách làm việc Hồ Chí Minh ở nước ta hiện nay
Authors: Lê Đức Thọ
Published: December 2021

Phong cách làm việc Hồ Chí Minh được bắt nguồn từ văn hóa truyền thống dân tộc, kế thừa tinh hoa văn hóa nhân loại, trên lập trường của Chủ nghĩa Mác – Lênin và từ thực tiễn hoạt động của Người. Đó là phong cách làm việc khoa học; phong cách làm việc dân chủ, tập thế; phong cách làm việc quần chúng và phong cách làm việc nêu gương. Qua đó, bài viết cũng chỉ ra giá trị lý luận và giá trị thực tiễn của phong cách làm việc Hồ Chí Minh trong xây dựng phong cách làm việc cho đội ngũ cán bộ, đảng viên ở nước ta hiện nay.
Influência da época de semeadura nas características agronômicas de cultivares de amendoim nas condições de Sorriso-MT
Authors: Olibone Dácio , Duarte Marianitha Mariano Silva , Heuert Jair , Werner Fabio Pedro , Olibone Ana Paula Encide , Pivetta Laerte Gustavo
Published: December 2021

Estudos recentes com amendoim têm demonstrado boa adaptação ao cultivo e elevado potencial produtivo nas condições de Sorriso. Contudo, ainda se faz necessário mais estudos para definição da melhor época de semeadura tendo em vista as possíveis variações climáticas locais. O presente trabalho objetivou estudar a produção de cinco cultivares de amendoim submetidos a diferentes épocas de semeadura no município de Sorriso. O experimento foi conduzido em área experimental do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia – IFMT Campus Sorriso, localizado no município de Sorriso-MT. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, cada tratamento com 4 repetições, em esquema fatorial 5x5, sendo 5 épocas de semeadura (07/11/2020, 28/11/2020, 19/12/2020, 09/01/2021 e 30/01/2021) e 5 cultivares (BRS 421 OL, BRS 423 OL, BRS 425 OL, EC 98 AO e Granoleico). As parcelas foram compostas por 4 linhas espaçadas 0,90 m entre elas com 4 m de comprimento, considerando-se 1 linha de cada extremidade como bordadura e 2 linhas centrais como área útil, desprezando-se 1,0 m de cada extremidade. A colheita foi realizada manualmente aos 142, 143, 143, 121 e 108 dias após o plantio, para cada época, respectivamente. As variáveis massa de 100 grãos, rendimento de grãos e produtividade de amendoim em vagens foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F e as médias dos tratamentos foram agrupados pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Nas condições experimentais em que foi desenvolvida esta pesquisa, pode-se concluir que no ano agrícola de 2020/21 no município de Sorriso, as maiores produtividades do amendoim foram obtidas nas semeaduras de novembro e não houve diferença entre as cultivares em relação as épocas. A massa de 100 grãos diminuiu significativamente, para as cultivares BRS 421 OL e EC 98 AO quando se semeou a partir de 28 de novembro. A BRS 421 OL foi a cultivar que apresentou a maior massa de 100 grãos quando semeada ente 07 de novembro e 19 de dezembro. No rendimento de grãos a BRS 421 OL, BRS 423 OL e BRS 425 OL, resultaram nas maiores massas nas três primeiras épocas de semeadura.
Innovation and new technology in ureteral stents
Authors:   Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand, Watcharawittayakul Tongtra , Usawachintachit Manint ,   Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: December 2021

Ureteral stent insertion is a procedure performed extensively by all urologists. Nevertheless, stent-related symptoms and stent encrustation are still common complications pushing the innovation and development of novel ureteral stents. Developments are focussing on three significant aspects: material, design, and removal technique. Various materials including silicone, polymers, and metals are frequently utilized, with or without an additional coating. The use of biodegradable materials is looking promising but these is a lack of proven clinical trials in association with this in humans. The new designs focus on the reduction of stent-related symptoms through the modification of the bladder end. The new stent removal techniques with extraction strings or novel magnetic end may exclude subsequent cystoscopic procedures. Finally, utilization of a ureteral stent tracker application helps in reminding both physicians and patients to remove the stent at the appropriate time.
Avoiding the humanitarian trap: The ‘Nobelization’ of food aid
Authors: Sanders Lanika
Published: December 2021

Despite the significant role that hunger relief has played in global emergency response efforts throughout much of the last century—notably showcased with the 2015 naming of ‘Zero Hunger’ as the second Sustainable Development Goal, and more recently when the World Food Program was awarded the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize—significant hunger and malnutrition remain. Concerningly, past crises have demonstrated the potential for hunger relief efforts, particularly the provisioning of food aid, to undermine the ability of Global South countries and communities to recovery fully from shocks. This commentary takes a critical look at the role of food aid during extended crises and presents several thoughts for how aid agencies and Global North governments can continue to work toward Zero Hunger while simultaneously supporting Global South economies and cultures.
Lettere
Authors:   Medico e Bambino
Published: December 2021

Giù le mani dai bambini lo dico io! - Cosa ci salverà, se qualcosa ci salverà - Sei ore di scuola senza pranzo, nessuno ne parla
Salmonelle da compagnia
Authors: Brienza Carmine , Imperatore Agostino , Nunziata felice , Greco Rita , Della Rocca Maria Teresa
Published: December 2021

The paper describes the case of 21-month-old child with prolonged fever, vomiting and diarrhoea. After detecting non-typhoidal Salmonella in his stools, medical history has revealed an unexpected source of the infection.
Dermo mail
Authors: Berti Irene
Published: December 2021

Herpes zoster; ematoma eruttivo del sesto dente
Sciatic schwannoma: rare case report
Authors: Gomes Eduarda Silvestre Ribeiro da Costa , Rufino Erlan Pércio Lopes , Costa Luana Cristina Rodrigues de Oliveira , Santos Assíria Maria Santana , Weinmann Camilla Flach , Nunes Lucas Monteiro Barros
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Schwannoma is the most common benign tumor of the peripheral nerve sheath. They appear in the sheath of the nervous fascicle and are well-defined masses, which allow their dissection of the underlying neural bundle. Sciatic nerve involvement is rare, accounting for less than 1%. Case report: Male, 83. He has had sciatica on the left for 10 months. With progression of pain, VAS of 9 and difficulty to walk for 1 month after admission. On physical examination, a positive tinel sign in the left gluteal region with tactile perception of nodular lesion in sciatic nerve topography. Preserved and discrete hypoesthesia strength in left sciatic nerve territory. MRI shows nodular lesion, suggestive of neural sheath tumor. Undergoing a surgical procedure for excision of the lesion. Total resection of the lesion was performed with no changes in monitoring potential. The patient was discharged from the hospital the next day, with a VAS of 0, with no other complaints and pain control. Discussion: Schwannomas have a long subclinical course, their clinical presentation is usually misleading. The referred patient started with sciatica, with painful progression to VAS 9. The diagnoses of sciatic nerve schwannomas are made with MRI. The definitive diagnosis is possible after the histopathological study. The treatment of this tumor is by massive excision and preservation of the nerve. Conclusion: Studies regarding sciatic nerve Schwannoma are scarce. There is a need for further studies on the case, to train health professionals to recognize and effectively treat the pathology.
Etiology, Incidence And Risk Factors For Meningitis After Craniotomy
Authors: Souza Gregory Lauar e , Carvalho Handerson Dias Duarte de , Sacco Nicole Meireles , Giarola Lucca Gontijo , Silva Estevão Urbano , Couto Bráulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho
Published: December 2021

Background: Meningitis after craniotomy can cause devastating outcomes. Objectives: Estimate the risk of meningitis after craniotomy (MAC). Find the most prevalent pathogens. Assess the impact of meningitis over length of stay and mortality. Find the main risk factor for MAC. Design and setting: Multicentric, longitudinal and quantitative analysis of data collected between 2013-2017 from nine different hospitals from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Surveillance data was based on NHSN/CDC protocols. Observed outcomes were meningitis, hospital death and total length of stay. Twentythree variables were analyzed in Epi-Info in a two-tailed statistical test with a significance level of 5%. Results: 4,549 patients were analyzed. Risk of MAC was 1.9% (95%CI=1.6%; 2.4%). The mortality rate in patients without infection was 9%, increasing to 33% in infected patients (P<0.01). Length of hospital stay (HS) in uninfected patients (in days): mean=18, median=7, standard deviation=36. HS in infected patients: mean=56, median=37, standard deviation=63 P<0.001).The duration of the procedure ≤4 hours presented a 1.5% risk of MAC compared to 2.5% versus ≥4 hours (RR=1.7; P=0.041). From 88 MAC cases, pathogen was identified in 68 (77%): K.pneumoniae (20%), S.aureus (16%), A.baumannii (13%), P.aeruginosa (9%), Staphylococcus sp . (8%), Acinetobacter sp. (7%), S.epidermidis (5%) among others (20%).Conclusion: MAC risk was 1.9%. Mortality rate was high compared to literature. Meningitis caused threefold increase on HS. Procedure duration ≥4 hours was the main risk factor, presenting RR of 1.7. The most prevalent etiologic agents were K.pneumoniae and S.aureus. Considering the findings, infectious surveillance is paramount for patient safety.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Heidenhain variant: case report with progressive cognitive decline recorded by videos
Authors: Fortunato Pedro Neves , Silva Júnior Hilton Mariano da , Maffeis Rosana Carandina , Bolzani Caroline Moraes Tapajós
Published: December 2021

Context: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease. Heidenhain’s variant has isolated visual symptoms that persist even without any cognitive decline for a few weeks. Objective: To report a case of the Heidenhain variant of the CJD with evolution documented. Methods: Case report:A 67-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency room with a report of “seizures and dementia for 1 month”. It all started in August 2020 with a decrease in visual acuity. The son started to record the evolution of the disease in vídeos on his mobile phone. It got worse, with an inability to reach objects and optical apraxia,psychomotor slowing, abnormal repetition of acts and impairment of judgment. MRI of the brain (normal) and EEG was performed, with diffuse slowing of the base activity. It evolved with intermittent myoclonus and abulia. Extensive investigation for encephalitis: normal. Treatment with acyclovir and pulsetherapy with methylprednisolone were performed. Results: new brain MRI: restricted area following the diffusion and T2 / FLAIR hypersignal exclusively cortical involving both posterior hemispheres. Also new EEG: generalized periodic discharges. The 14-3-3 protein was detected in her CSF.The patient died 4 months after the onset of the condition due to infectious complications. Conclusions: The Heidenhain variant of CJD should be considered a differential diagnosis in all patients who have isolated visual complaints, especially if associated with cognitive complaints. The video recording of the patient allows a detailed analysis of the clinical picture and becomes an important diagnostic complementation tool.
Polyradiculoneuropathy and encephalitis secondary to sarcoidosis in young patient
Authors: Miyahira Clara Kimie , Correa Beatriz Medeiros , Barreira Raphael Palomo , Torres Thomas Zurga Markus , Miranda Natália Figueiredo , Cutolo Natasha Soares , Marques Thiago da Cruz , Rossette Vanessa Moraes , Nogueira Eduardo de Almeida Guimarães
Published: December 2021

Context: Neurosarcoidosis is common in 50-70% of cases of sarcoidosis, but polyradiculoptia in sarcoidosis is rare in 1.3% of cases. Case Report: a 48-year- old woman diagnosed with Sarcoidosis after skin, evolved with sporadic paresthesia of the lower limbs. The use of Methotrexate controlled the disease. However, she developed acute pancreatitis secondary to the treatment and suspended it. After 2 months, the patient presented paraparesis. In view of probable polyradiculoneuropathy, Human Immunoglobulin was administered. However, she evolved with mental confusion, flaccid tetraparesis and global arreflexia. CT of skull showed paramedian bridge hypodensity and left cerebellum, suggestive of vasculitis, and normal liquor. Methylprednisolone was administered. And despite the treatment, patient worsened with decreased level of consciousness and respiratory failure. MRI of skull showed hypersignal in bilateral temporal region, suggesting viral encephalitis secondary to immunosuppression, after methylprednisolone and immunoglobulin. Thus, Aciclovir was administered and there was improvement in the use of BIPAP. Discussion: Other differential diagnoses were considered: Guillain-Barré syndrome, inflammatory and chronic demyelinating polyneuropathies, spirochete infections, fungi or toxoplasmosis. The diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis is mainly due to MRI, high sensitivity and low specificity. Neural tissue biopsy is gold standard, but difficult to access. Conclusion: This clinical history shows an atypical involvement of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System for sarcoidosis: a viral encephalitis after polyradiculopathy and vasculitis treated.
Nursing care for patients diagnosed with epilepsy: bibliographic research
Authors: Serigatti Giulia , Padula Marcele Pescuma Capeletti , Waters Camila
Published: December 2021

Background: Characterized as a seizure crisis, the transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms resulting from brain electrical impulses, in an unorganized, excessive and repeated manner. It’s the responsibility of the health team, including nursing, to provide information to the population about the disease. Objective: Identify, through scientific articles, nursing care for patients diagnosed with epilepsy. Design and setting: Bibliographic and descriptive research on nursing care for patients diagnosed with epilepsy, a search for scientific articles was carried out in Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences and Nursing Database, which are part of the Virtual Health Library Methods: Articles available, online, in Portuguese, Spanish and English, published from January 2008 to December 2018. Results: Five articles were analyzed, which identified the nursing care provided to patients diagnosed with epilepsy. The articles were categorized as: “training of nurses on epilepsy care” in four articles that describe the development and implantation of a plan to take care of epilepsy by nurses, the care for patients with specialist nurse in epilepsy and training of nurses to be specialist nurses; and “education and training of parents of children diagnosed with epilepsy” in an article that describes a tool development by nurses to help parents and family to take care of a child with epilepsy. Conclusions: The nurse with the health team is very important in the participation of explanatory processes of individual and family adaptation, as they can identify the limitations that must be worked on and they assist in the development of solutions.
Arteritic bilateral anterior ischemic optical neuropathy: case report
Authors: Fraga Vanessa de Miranda , Nascimento Júnior Luciano Gonçalves do , Sousa Davi Rodrigues de , Braga Eduardo Pimentel Carneiro , Alvarez Alex John Sinema , Evangelista Isabella Wanderley de Queiroga
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AAION) is infarction in anterior segment of optic nerve in which there is thrombotic occlusion of short posterior ciliary arteries due to granulomatous inflammation of giant cell arteritis (ACG). Case report: Male patient, 66 years old, complaining of loss of vision in left eye (LE) for 28 days, and in right eye (RE) for 8 days, accompanied by left hemicranial headache, pulsatile, irradiation from frontal to cervical region, of strong intensity, prevalent at night. Report of pain on chewing, chills, night sweats, neck pain and headache for 2 months. On examination, there was no light perception and bilateral non-reactive pupils. At simple retinography, LE with pale optical disc (OD), attenuation of retinal vascularization, atrophic and whitish areas; RE with OD with undefined borders, peripapillary hemorrhages and areas of retinal pallor. At fluorescent retinography; LE without arterial filling; CBC, discrete anisocytosis, thrombocytosis and microcytosis; ESR, 71mm/h in first hour; CRP, 113.6 mg/L. At, doppler USG of temporal arteries, significant increase in thickness of the myointimal layer, causing hemodynamic repercussions, with monophasic flow. Conclusion: Meeting 4 of 5 criteria of American College of Rheumatology, diagnosis of AAION was made. The condition was already irreversible at the time of examination.
THE LANGUAGE QUESTION AS A FACTOR OF INFLUENCE ON UKRAINE’S NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Moser Maiia
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze the linguistic situation in Ukraine and to discuss its relation to Ukrainian statehood. The current language situation mirrors the socio-political situation in Ukraine and interrelates with language legislation as practiced by Ukrainian institutions of state power. As of today, language legislation is one of the most powerful tools to strengthen the state and increase national stability.

In Ukraine language was, is and continues to be a cornerstone of national unity and national security. At present, the Ukrainian language is widely believed to be essential for the persistence of the Ukrainian ethnos. It is an important tool for the consolidation of Ukrainian collective consciousness and the spiritual unity of society. Ukrainian society, which is faced with a number of serious problems, needs a revision of its state-building strategy for the sake of national security. A consolidation of Ukrainian society and a clear national idea is key for a prosperous future of Ukraine. The ethnos is the power of the nation. There is no state without a nation. Language plays a significant role for the conservation of the ethnic identity of a nation and its organization in a state. Namely, the civic society of a state has common interests, values, ideas, emotions etc., which are shared in the process of societal communication based on symbolic messages. These symbolic messages have to be codified in a state language, because, according to Wilhelm von Humboldt, language is the expression of the spirit of a people. Language reflects the level of the power of spiritual energy for the consolidation of national strength. All state mechanisms (the governmental apparatus, administrative and financial institutions) should guarantee the effective functioning of the Ukrainian state language in all spheres of societal life of Ukraine. As far as minority languages are concerned, the state can only guarantee their free development and their protection from suppression, but is not obliged to take on maximum obligations.

In this study we discuss how linguistic and legal problems interrelate with basic human rights and freedom and how a consolidated language policy serves the national interests of Ukrainian society. The experience of the last decades, namely the period of Russian aggression against Ukraine, shows how different political forces use language legislation, e.g., the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, with manipulative intentions. National identity is constructed by such crucial parameters as language, historical experience and faith. According to current surveys, the majority of Ukrainians share distinctly pro-European views, although modern Ukrainian society is still shaken by disinformation and fake news. We offer a list of proposals that will help to consolidate national security in Ukraine.
HYBRID WAR: RUSSIAN DOCTRINE AND LESSONS FROM RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR
Authors: Materniak Dariusz
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of the concept of "hybrid war", which is widespread in recent years, and currently has different interpretations. The characteristics of the phenomenon of hybrid warfare, which are operated by research, expert and leading military centers of the Russian Federation, which influence the decision-making or directly participate in them, are highlighted. It also presents conclusions that follow from the observation of Russian activities in Еastern Ukraine and points to the potential risks arising from such activities in the future. The article presents the most popular definitions of the phenomenon of hybrid war, appearing in Polish and American literature. It also takes into account the studies of Ukrainian authors dealing with this subject: in this case, directly related to the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine that has been ongoing since 2014. In this context, the definitions of the concept of hybrid war described in the text in terms of the official military institutions of the Russian Federation: the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, are also of particular importance. This approach, present in Russian definitions and approach, had a practical dimension in connection with the Russian armed aggression in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine, from 2014 until now. It describes the full set of actions and measures that the Russian Federation uses as part of hybrid operations and which (what can be assumed with high probability) will continue to be used in the future in relation to Ukraine and other countries that are or will be objects of Russian aggressive policy and actions. This problem is significant not only for Ukraine, but also for other countries in the region of Central and Eastern Europe, especially the so-called "NATO's eastern flank".
FISCAL SECURITY OF THE STATE: CONCEPTUAL BASIS FOR A NEW DIRECTION IN ECOSESTATE
Authors: Moldowan Aleksy
Published: December 2021

The article presents conceptual basis and outlines for a new direction in the ecosestate – fiscal security of the state. A range of vital conceptual problems have been addressed in the article, including defining the concept of the fiscal security, defining key terms, identification of status of fiscal security as scientific discipline in the ecosestate and distinguishing its institutional boundaries.

The author emphasises, that problems and dysfunctions of the public finance system can create dangerous threats to the economic security of the state. They undermine the stability and effectiveness of basic economic institutions, weaken the country's economic sovereignty as well as reduce financial resources for its development. The author provides update of basic definitions and introduces new ones to outline concept of the fiscal security. According to presented approach “fiscal security of the state” reflects a performance of the public finance system that enable government to carry out its functions and tasks effectively as well as to resist external and internal threats to the economic and social stability in the state.

Some provisions of the theory of economic security of the state have been revised, according to which fiscal security is being considered as part of the country's financial security. The author justifies the thesis, that public finance system itself is one of the crucial factors of the economic security of the state, therefore fiscal security should be considered as an autonomous component of the economic security of the state.

Based on the considerations outlined in the article two separate components of the economic security of the state are proposed to be distinguished – financial security and fiscal security. An internal structure of each component is introduced as well in the article, which allows to define their institutional borders.
Держава та приватний сектор на захисті національної безпеки: від взаємодії до партнерства
Authors:   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень, Маркєєва О. Д. , Розвадовський Б. Л. ,   Національний інститут стратегічних досліджень
Published: December 2021

Присвячено проблемам формування ефективного державно-приватного партнерства у сфері національної безпеки. Проаналізовано теоретичні підходи до державно-приватного партнерства та їхні особливості в безпековій сфері. Досліджено кращий світовий досвід (США, ЄС, Німеччини, Великої Британії, Польщі, Бельгії та інших країн) із розбудови довіри між державним і приватним сектором у сфері національної безпеки. Розглянуто нормативно-правові та організаційні засади державно-приватного партнерства в Україні, наведено ефективні приклади такої взаємодії. Окреслено перспективні напрями розвитку безпекового державно-приватного партнерства в Україні та можливі способи їх імплементації. Визначено, що недержавний (приватний) сектор безпеки має стати невід’ємним складником системи забезпечення національної безпеки України. Розраховано на фахівців, які займаються теоретичною й практичною діяльністю у сферах національної безпеки і оборони, державного управління, приватної та корпоративної безпеки, науковців, викладачів, аспірантів, докторантів і студентів, а також працівників недержавного (приватного) сектору, які цікавляться сучасними проблемами державно-приватного партнерства.
“Pesquisadores de uma verdade experimental ainda não comprovada”
Authors: Chaves Cleide de Lima
Published: December 2021

O objetivo do presente artigo é discutir a produção científica da Comissão Técnica presente na Convenção Sanitária de 1887, realizada pelo Império do Brasil e pelas repúblicas da Argentina e do Uruguai na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Procurou-se evidenciar os espaços institucionais de produção de ciência, os principais personagens – especialmente os médicos – que participaram dos experimentos científicos e a produção científica ligada à Convenção Sanitária. Buscava-se, naquele momento, comprovar se a carne de charque – produto platino largamente consumido no Brasil – servia como meio de transmissão do cólera morbus, epidemia que atingia a América do Sul naquele momento. Os médicos realizaram experimentos no Laboratório de Fisiologia do Museu Nacional, no Rio de Janeiro, e a documentação encontra-se no Arquivo Histórico do Itamaraty. Percebe-se, com este trabalho, os fortes vínculos entre os interesses da ciência e os vínculos comerciais desses países.
Imagens da ciência brasileira
Authors: Wilke Valéria Cristina Lopes , Antunes Anderson Pereira
Published: December 2021

No Brasil, o século XIX foi marcado por expedições científicas que desbravaram o território em busca de descobertas que contribuíssem para o desenvolvimento da ciência e para a modernização da nação. Em meio aos homens de ciência, figurou o artista viajante, encarregado pela produção iconográfica que ilustrava os relatos de viagem. As imagens criadas por estes artistas formaram um repertório imagético que traduziu o Novo Mundo para o homem europeu. Tais representações são aqui analisadas não apenas como impressões individuais sobre os cenários desvelados durante as viagens, mas como ferramentas essenciais para a pesquisa histórica e científica.
The ideology of popularization and the popularization of ideology
Authors: Gavroglu Kostas
Published: December 2021

This article discusses the ways the hegemonic ideology is further consolidated through the popularization of science. The issues surrounding science popularization are intimately linked with the utopias such popularizations construct, the ideology they propagate, and in the case of molecular biology, with the issue of reductionism which appears to be so prevalent in the popular accounts of molecular biology. In such a context, reductionism is no longer a philosophical issue, but a political issue. The article, also, attempts to bring forth the differences between the rather prevalent notion of European Science and that of Science in Europe.
“A Encyclopedia viva da moderna cultura cafeeira no Brasil”
Authors: Botaro Luís Gustavo Martins
Published: December 2021

Há uma gama de pesquisas voltadas para a produção cafeeira no Brasil. Estudos de diversas áreas e sob distintas perspectivas como econômica, a relação do café com a política nacional, e da produção de café com o incipiente desenvolvimento da econômica capitalista no país, a expansão das estradas de ferros e da urbanização do território paulista (criação de companhias ferroviárias e de cidades pelo interior do Estado de São Paulo). [...]
Políticas da Meteorologia no Brasil
Authors: Miguel Jean Carlos Hochsprung , Escada Paulo , Monteiro Marko
Published: December 2021

artigo analisa o processo de construção das políticas científicas para a Meteorologia no Brasil através da história do Centro de Previsão do Tempo e Estudos do Clima (CPTEC) no Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE). Destaca-se que esse processo ocorreu em uma ativa relação entre membros da comunidade de pesquisa e atores da esfera política. A conjunção de fatores científicos, políticos e institucionais é empiricamente documentada através de entrevistas realizadas com pesquisadores, políticos e coordenadores que participaram da formulação das políticas que originaram e sustentaram as atividades deste centro. Por meio da análise dessa documentação, descreve-se o surgimento de controvérsias e sua negociação entre grupos de pesquisadores que divergem quanto ao rumo que deve tomar a Meteorologia no Brasil. Desse modo, assinala- -se que os rumos da produção do conhecimento, como parte da governança climática, não ocorrem de forma harmônica e unidirecional, mas é antes produto de disputas que configuram e orientam políticas do setor.
PENGETAHUAN TENTANG PERUBAHAN FISIK IBU HAMIL PRIMIGRAVIDA PADA TRIMESTER PERTAMA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESKAS MARTAPURA TIMUR TAHUN 2020
Authors: Widniah Any Zahrotul , Fatia Mila
Published: December 2021

Ibu hamil harus memahami masalah tentang kesehatan selama menjalani kehamilan, akan terjadi perubahan pada seorang ibu saat mengalami kehamilan. Seperti perubahan pada bentuk fisik, psikologis, dan juga sosial. Terjadinya perubahan fisik pada wanita selama hamil  disebaban oleh beberapa efek khusus dari hormon. Tujuan pada penelitian ini yaitu ingin  mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan tentang perubahan fisik ibu hamil primigravida pada trimester pertama di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Martapura Timur. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif, dengan populasi pada penelitian ini sebanyak 25 orang,  sampel yang diambil pada penelitian ini adalah 25 responden melalui metode total sampling, menggunakan Instrument kuesioner dan analisis menggunakan analisis distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menujukan  rentan usia 20-30 tahun yaitu 14 (56%) responden, berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan yaitu SMA 13 (52%) responden, pekerjaan ibu tidak bekerja yaitu 21 (84%) responden, dan pengetahuan tentang perubahan ibu hamil primigravida pada trimester pertama mayoritas berkategori baik yaitu 12 responden (48%).  Hasil pada penelitian ini dapat menjadi bahan informasi dan masukan dalam memberi pelayanan pada asuhan keperawatan yang komperhensif dan sebagai salah satu bahan penyuluhan kesehatan baik secara umum maupun secara khusus.
Performance of Fly Ash as Replacement for Non-Renewable Constituent in Asphaltic Concrete for Road Development
Authors: Chukwuka Ezemenike , Olugbenga Oyedepo , Olufikayo Aderinlewo , Isiaka Oladele O.
Published: December 2021

The non-renewable constituent used in asphalt concrete consumed large amount of materials resulting an increase in the price of asphalt mixture and consequently the cost of road development. On the other hand, huge industrial waste being generated daily from human activities causes environmental degradations. Thus, the study evaluates the performance of fly ash (FA) in asphalt concrete development targeted for road application. The aggregate, bitumen, and fly ash were characterized before being used. The stone dust in asphalt mixture was replaced with FA in predetermined proportions of 2, 4, 6, and 8% to produce a cylindrical specimen of asphalt mixture concrete. Marshal stability test, flow test, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was conducted on the composite samples. From the results, stability values of 7.39, 7.70, 7.90 and 8.22 KN was obtained at 2, 4, 6 and 8% replacements, respectively. Hence, the optimum value of 8.22 KN obtained from 8% partial replacement with FA is adequate for heavy traffic while other partial replacement from 2- 6% with stability within the range of 7.39-7.90 KN is suitable for medium traffic in accordance with the criteria for the marshal mix design method provided by Asphalt institute (1997). Corresponding values of 3.7, 3.5, 3.3 and 3.0 mm was obtained for the flow. The flow, air void, void in mineral aggregates and void filled with bitumen results all satisfied Nigeria general specification for road and bridges (1997). Therefore, fly ash can be used as partial replacement in asphaltic concrete to enhance the performance of the mix with a reduced cost for pavement construction.