bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digitalization Breeds Technocentric to Dehumanise Behavior in the Classroom and Dragged into the Arts
Authors: Cahayani Nilam , Martono Martono
Published: May 2024

This article aims to reveal the impact of the digitalization phenomenon dominating the classroom. Interestingly, the phenomenon needs to be explored more deeply so that each individual can see the impact of today's digitalization. The method used in exploring the phenomenon is library research, while the collection of information and data is done by reviewing and/or exploring many journals and other sources that are considered relevant to the topic of this article. The results of the study obtained are: 1) The power of digitalization that has dominated the classroom nourishes technocentric behavior where technocentrism adherents assume that everything in this world can be overcome by technology; 2) technocentrism that is in power turns the attention of 21st-century educators, instead of focusing on meeting the needs of students, educators are busy showing off the sophistication of technology in the classroom in the learning process. Educators glorify the use of technology in all forms of learning practices, which makes educators complacent and forget that these actions help drag students into the abyss of technocentrism, which ultimately worsens the social skills of each learner because they are accustomed to sitting, being silent, and only interacting with inanimate objects; 3) Not only educators, technocentrism also permeates learners. The inherent behavior makes learners more individualistic and selfish. This attitude is shown by minimal interaction, little direct communication, difficulty adapting, loners, and feeling that everything can be solved by themselves. As a result of this phenomenon, it leads to less concern for the surrounding environment, weakens empathy, and nourishes dehumanizing behavior in each individual. 4) Not only that, technocentrism also drags down the field of art. Artistic activities such as exhibitions are conducted virtually. Unfortunately, this has decreased the quality and satisfaction of the audience. In terms of quantity, there are indeed many visitors, but not the quality of the exhibition itself.
Innovative Adaptations of Dance Performances at the Yogyakarta Palace during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Syahrial Syahrial , Sriyadi S. , Rahmadini Zakiyah
Published: May 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic poses challenges to the world of performing arts, especially dance performances. Dance events that gather crowds were halted due to adherence to government recommendations to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus. Nevertheless, the Yogyakarta Palace managed to persist in showcasing their dances during the pandemic. Therefore, this article seeks to describe the response of the Yogyakarta Palace in addressing the challenges of dance performances during the pandemic. This is deemed important to provide insights into the creativity of artists in adapting the presentation of a dance during the pandemic to ensure its continued existence. This research takes the form of qualitative research with a performing arts approach predominantly based on literature studies. The Kraton Jogja YouTube account serves as the main data source to understand the innovative adaptations made by the Yogyakarta Palace. Comparative studies are employed to identify the differences in the presentation of dance before, during, and after the pandemic. The goal is to ascertain the efforts of innovative adaptation undertaken. The research indicates that innovative adaptation is carried out through creative costume design, audience engagement in dance events, and the utilization of internet technology advancements through virtual dance performances on the YouTube channel. As an adaptive effort, these creations are aligned with government regulations related to the containment of the spread of the Covid-19 virus. These innovative adaptation efforts bring about significant changes to the established ways of presenting dances at the Yogyakarta Palace.
Cultivation of Tolerance Values Through Multicultural Education to Build National Character
Authors: Maulana Daffa Fakhri , Palupijati Ria Putri , Suharno Suharno
Published: May 2024

This study aims to analyze the urgency, implementation and obstacles to multicultural education as an effort to instill the value of tolerance to build national character. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method. The data sources used are primary data from books, scientific journals and other literature sources related to tolerance, multicultural education and character. The results of the study show that multicultural education has great urgency in building the character of the Indonesian nation. Instilling the value of tolerance through multicultural education to build the character of the Indonesian nation can be done through several methods including integrating multicultural education in every subject, instilling values through role models, experience-based learning, using multicultural learning resources, and intercultural collaborative projects. However, in order to do this, we often face a number of obstacles that can hinder efforts to achieve these goals. These obstacles include limited integration of multicultural education in each subject and curriculum, lack of adequate training, lack of supportive learning resources, and lack of community involvement.
Intersection of Cultural Identity, Politics, and RMS Stigma in Moluccas
Authors: Fretes Christian Herman Johan de
Published: May 2024

This article will provide a review by highlighting RMS impacts on Moluccas society, a region that was spearheaded by Dr. Soumokil, who chose to reject joining the Republic of Indonesia in 1950. During this periode of rebellion, cultural terms such as mena muria were used for political purposes. Its impact is still associated with separatism. The arrest and reprimand by state apparatus against Moluccans wearing clothing with mena muria written on it is an indicator that the cultural terms have been affected by the RMS (Republic of South Moluccas) movement, creates dynamics that impact various sectors. On the other hand, through the lens of stigma, this article will explain the Intersection of cultural identity, politics and RMS stigma in Moluccas.
İbn Dakīkulʿîd’in Şerḥu’l-İlmâm bi-Eḥâdîs̱i’l-Aḥkâm’ında Hadisleri Anlama Yöntemi Olarak Hakikat-Mecaz Olgusu
Authors: Bilgin Recep
Published: May 2024

Hadislerin doğru anlaşılması ve yorumlanması çabası ilk defa Hz. Peygamber döneminde başlamış, tâbiîn ve tebeu’t-tâbiîn döneminde hadislerin tedviniyle birlikte hız kazanmış ve bu hususta önemli çalışmalar yapılmıştır. İlerleyen süreçte fıkıh usulünün verilerini kullanarak ahkâm hadislerinden hüküm çıkarma ve lafız-mâna ilişkisi konusunda hakikat-mecaz ekseninde yeni yorum yöntemleriyle uygulamalı olarak ele alınan eserler telif edilmiştir. Bu eserlerin başında İbn Dakīkulʿîd’in, Şerḥu’l-İlmâm bi-eḥâdîs̱i’l-aḥkâm’ı gelmektedir. Şerḥu’l-İlmâm hadis şerh edebiyatında muhteva zenginliğini arttıran ve kullanılan bazı izah yöntemlerini geliştirerek kendisinden önceki şerhleri geride bırakmış bir eserdir. Bu çalışmada İbn Dakīkulʿîd’in hadisleri anlamada ve yorumlamada mecazi anlatım üslubu babında ortaya koyduğu yaklaşım ele alınmıştır. Böyle bir konunun tercih edilmesindeki ana etmenlerin başında mezkûr eserde hüküm istinbâtında hakikat-mecaz bağlamında benzer şerh çalışmalarına nispetle, analitik yaklaşımların ön plana çıkması ve alana katkı sağlaması gelmektedir. Çalışmanın hedefi, Şerḥu’l-İlmâm’da hakikat-mecaz ekseninde İbn Dakīkulʿîd’in hadisleri nasıl yorumladığını ortaya çıkarmak ve elde edilen bulgularla yeni yorum imkânlarına alan açmaktır. Lafzın mânaya delaleti konusunda hakikat ve mecaz arasındaki ilişki ve kesişim noktaları çoğu zaman bir problem olarak durmaktadır. Hadis metinlerinin yorumlanmasında hakikat ve mecazın birlikte kullanım alanlarının tespit edilmesi ve hakikat-mecaz ayırımının işlevsel yönünün ortaya çıkarılması, hadislerin doğru anlaşılmasına ve yorumlanmasına katkı sağlayacaktır. Araştırmada öncelikli olarak Şerḥu’l-İlmâm’ın hadis ve fıkıh sahasındaki önemi ve değeriyle ilgili bilgi verilmiş, sonra hakikat ve mecaz kavramlarının tanımlarına geçilmiştir. Mecaz türleri arasında sadece İbn Dakīkulʿîd’in atıf yaptığı istiare, teşbih, teşbîhu’l-mânevî ve teşbîhu’s-sûrî gibi kavramlara yer verilmiştir. Son olarak İbn Dakīkulʿîd’in hakikat ve mecazı bir yöntem olarak nasıl kullandığı konusu örnekler çerçevesinde tahlil edilmiştir. Araştırmada, İbn Dakīkulʿîd’in hakikat ve mecazın zamansal boyutuna, hakikat ve mecaz ayırımında tazmînin rolüne, hakikat ve mecazın cemʿine, hakikate en yakın mecazlara ve hakikat-mecaz arasındaki tercih sebeplerine değinerek hakikat ve mecazı bir yöntem olarak kullandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İbn Dakīkulʿîd’in hakikat ve mecazı birlikte kullanmasının işlevsel yönleri ve faydaları arasında; lafızların lugatlarda geçtiği anlamları keşfetmek, lafzın anlamında derin ve net açılımlar yapmak, tekellüflü mânaları ayıklamak, mecaza hamledilmeyi gerekli kılan alâkaları/bağları belirlemek, çözümlemeci yaklaşımla muhtemel mânaları ortaya çıkarmak gibi hususlar yer almaktadır. Eğer İbn Dakîku'l-Îd, el-İlmâm'da sadece 57 hadisi değil de bütün hadisleri şerh etme imkânı bulmuş olsaydı Şerhu'l-İlmâm, hadislerin hakikat ve mecaz temelinde şerh edildiği bugün üzerinde en çok konuşulan eserlerden biri olurdu.
Gender stereotypes in Ukrainian advertising texts
Authors: Ostapchuk Svitlana , Bukina Nataliia , Kevliuk Iryna , Naumenko Liana , Pogrebniak Galyna
Published: May 2024

Gender discrimination is an urgent problem that affects various aspects of public life, including advertising. In the context of Ukrainian reality, where transformations and changes are taking place, it is important to identify and understand the presence of gender stereotypes and discriminatory practices in advertising. The purpose of the study is to identify signs of gender discrimination in Ukrainian advertising and develop proposals to overcome it. Methods: analysis, generalisation, systematisation, synthesis. The results of a study of gender discrimination in Ukrainian advertising texts indicate the prevalence of gender stereotypes reflected in advertising campaigns. The study also suggests ways to identify gender discrimination in advertising texts, such as analysing roles, images, language use, and stereotypes. However, now in Ukrainian advertising there is a tendency to rethink views on the advertising product. As a result of the study, the main strategies for overcoming gender discrimination were formed, which included expanding roles, using positive stereotypes, emancipation, cooperation with gender organisations, including self-regulation of the advertising industry, and education to raise public awareness. As a result of the study of gender stereotypes, it was established that modern advertisers tend to understand the importance of building a tolerant and fair society and creating advertising content that positively affects the perception of gender roles and contributes to the development of equal rights for women and men. The results of the study can be useful for advertising agencies, creative teams, and marketers working on creating non-stereotypical advertising campaigns.
CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR NEGLIGENT STORAGE OF FIREARMS
Authors:   Head of the Department of Criminal Law of the Ural Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Kharlamova Alena A.
Published: May 2024

The article is dedicated to the issues of criminal liability for negligent storage of firearms. The author uses doctrinal provisions existing in the criminal law science, practice of application and explanations of judicial authorities as the basis to interpret objective and subjective attributes of constituent elements of crimes set out in Art. 224 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, determines their impact on the qualification, identifies problems of law enforcers arising in the legal evaluation, demarcates them from related socially dangerous acts.
LAY JUSTICE IN CONTEMPORARY RUSSIA: TO BE OR NOT TO BE?
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics of the Southern Federal University PhD (Law), Malina Maksim A.
Published: May 2024

The article studies the institution of justices of the peace in the historical and comparative law aspects and uses such study as the basis to determine de lege ferenda the role of a contemporary Russian justice of the peace in the national legal system along with the vector of development of the domestic criminal lay justice. The author justifies the need for the revival in the contemporary conditions of the “peace making” model of justice of the peace court to be used in cases where criminal punishment can be much less effective than conflict resolution through settlement: by performance of a number of conditions that wind such conflict down and eliminate its consequences. The publication suggests the respective expansion of professional competencies of a justice of the peace and statutory consolidation of his mission as a mediator, which can be an important step in the improvement of this critically important Russian judicial institution.
A Systematic Review of Learning Analytics
Authors: Pan Zilong , Biegley Lauren , Taylor Allen , Zheng Hua
Published: May 2024

The learning management system (LMS) is widely used in educational settings to support teaching and learning practices. The usage log data, generated by both learners and instructors, enables the development and implementation of learning analytics (LA) interventions aimed at facilitating teaching and learning activities. To examine the current status of the development and empirical impacts of learning analytics–incorporated interventions within LMSs on improving teaching and learning practices, we conducted a systematic review that examined 27 articles published from 2012 through 2023. The outcomes of this review provided valuable insights into the design and development of learning analytics–incorporated interventions implemented on LMSs and empirical evidence of the impacts of these interventions, along with implications to inform future design and applications.
Türkiye Sebze Genetik Kaynakları
Authors: Binbir Seyfullah , Kahraman Ayşe , Baytın Tamer
Published: May 2024

Ülkemiz, kültüre alınan birçok bitki türünün çeşitlilik merkezi ve mikro gen merkezidir. Çok çeşitli nedenlerle sebze genetik kaynaklarımız da diğer türlerde olduğu gibi yok olma tehdidi altındadır. Bu tehdide karşı 1978 yılında başlayan “Sebze Genetik Kaynakları Araştırma Projesi” günümüzde de devam etmektedir. Bu proje ile, ülkemiz sebze genetik kaynaklarının toplanması, üretim yenilemesi, karakterizasyonlarının yapılıp değerlendirilmesi ve uzun süreli muhafaza altına alınıp araştırıcıların hizmetine sunulması çalışmaları sürdürülmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmalarla sebze genetik kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir kullanımı ve gelecek nesillere aktarılması için önemli katkılar sağlanmaktadır.
EDUCAR PARA VIVER EM PLENITUDE
Authors: Fleuri Reinaldo Matias
Published: May 2024

O sistema mundo moderno colonial se encontra em profunda crise, gerando impasses que colocam em risco a própria sobrevivência da humanidade em nosso planeta, tais como os limiares do colapso ambiental, da guerra nuclear e da erosão das democracias.  A implosão dos projetos socioculturais da modernidade está sendo potencializada pelos múltiplos e variados movimentos populares, que estão promovendo a reexistência de seus modos de ser e de viver, constitutivos de sabedorias e relações de poder ancestrais. A tensão entre modernidade e ancestralidade problematiza as múltiplas fronteiras singulares que separam não somente corpos e raças, mas delimitam rupturas e trocas culturais nos espaços cognitivos, intelectuais, culturais, sociais, ecossistêmicos. Os povos originários – representados por movimentos indígenas, quilombolas, de povos tradicionais, entre tantos outros – rompem os estigmas e jugos coloniais, que os têm colocado na posição socialmente passiva, subalterna, marginal, e assumem o protagonismo na reconstrução do tecido social com base em princípios ancestrais de vida em plenitude. Nesta perspectiva, buscaremos aqui retomar os princípios ancestrais do Bem Viver, ou Vida em Plenitude, para delimitar o problema constituído pela contradição emergente na oposição entre a modernidade e a ancestralidade, que se configuram na contradição entre a colonialidade e o Bem-Viver. Neste contexto, apontaremos as implicações do Bem-Viver para as concepções de educação popular, como a que foi enunciada por Paulo Freire.
Afghanistan Saffron and Potential for the Economy: An Overview of International Trade and Domestic Well Being
Authors: Esar Bashir Ahmad , Singh Gurlal , Younisi Hamidullah
Published: May 2024

Foreign companies import Afghan saffron, which is considered to be best quality in the world. These companies then apply their labels and market the product under their country names. By adopting methodology required for production and market analysis, a study was conducted to determine the potential for production, export and value share. The study used techniques such as compound annual growth rate (CAGR) and decomposition analysis to determine changes in the area, production and productivity of saffron from 1991-92 to 2021-22. The findings revealed that the growth rates of area, production and productivity of saffron significantly increased by 29.61 per cent, 29.06 per cent and 0.42 per cent annually respectively. Additionally, the returns per hectare of Afghanistan’s saffron were compared to other crops such as wheat, rice, corn and barley and the returns of saffron were found to be the highest. The export of Afghanistan’s saffron also increased annually, providing farmers with more income opportunities.
Effect of Pea Shell Powder on Chemical, Sensory and Cooking Quality of Macaroni
Authors: Beniwal Amita , . Savita , Sangwan Veenu , Punia Darshan
Published: May 2024

Background: This research looks at putting pea shells, a byproduct of pea processing, into macaroni to improve nutrition and sustainability. It aims to emphasize the feasibility and benefits of utilizing pea shells in popular cuisines by investigating their nutritional profile and sensory characteristics. This study addresses waste and nutrient-deficient packaged foods by exploring the synergy of culinary innovation and sustainability. Utilizing phyto-nutrient-rich by-products from fruits and vegetables, it proposes enhancing products like macaroni, noodles, cakes, biscuits and soups for a healthier and more environmentally sustainable future. Methods: Studied how adding pea shell powder (10-30%) affected the chemical, sensory and cooking quality of four macaroni types, comparing them to a control group without pea shell powder. Result: Macaroni with pea shell powder excelled in color, appearance and taste. Type I (10%) showed superior sensory attributes, while Type III (30%) lagged, impacting overall acceptability. Furthermore, cooking performance analysis indicated that the inclusion of pea shell powder influenced cooking time (16.45-11.48 minutes), water absorption capacity (106-160 g/100 g) and cooking loss (14.3-4.89 g/100 g). The pea shell powder incorporation enhances the nutritional profile of macaroni, including significantly increased protein (8.57-12.64%), dietary fibers, minerals and decreased fat, carbohydrate and energy (370.4-206.66 kcal/100 g) content. Calcium, magnesium, iron and potassium contents were significantly higher in value-added macaroni than in the control. The quality analysis clearly showed that value addition improves the nutrition and taste of macaroni, which indicates potential premium macaroni products for the food industry and healthy alternatives for consumers.
The Role of Net Assimilation Rate and Nitrogen Management in Optimizing Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Yield
Authors: . Faisal , Lubis Iskandar , Junaedi Ahmad , Sopandie Didy
Published: May 2024

Background: The net assimilation rate (NAR) is a physiological parameter related to leaf area and dry weight per unit of time. It is used to figure out how much grain a plant will produce. This study aims to explain the net assimilation rate of several types of rice at different doses and nitrogen application times. Methods: The research was conducted from December 2021 to April 2022. The experimental design was a split-plot design consisting of two treatment factors: the variety (main plot) and the time and dose of fertilization N (subplot). The variety factor consists of four varieties: IPB 3S (new type varieties), Inpari 33 (new high-yielding varieties), Hipa 21 (hybrids) and Mentik Wangi (local) at nitrogen 4 levels, namely 0 kg ha-1 (N0), 45 kg ha-1 applied when planting (N1), 90 kg ha-1 applied twice [45 kg at planting and 45 kg at panicle initiation (N2)] and 90 kg ha-1 applied three times, namely 45 kg at planting, 22.5 kg at the age of panicle initiation and 22.5 kg at heading (N3). Result: Results demonstrated that applying 90 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer in three split applications (N3) improved agronomic performance by increasing tiller number, leaf area, dry matter accumulation, leaf nitrogen content and grain yield compared to other nitrogen regimes. Our findings newly highlight the vital influence of net assimilation rate (NAR) on panicle development, as NAR was positively correlated with panicle length. Uniquely, among all four varieties tested, the local cultivar Mentik Wangi recorded the highest NAR across N treatments.
Morpho-biochemical Characterization of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.)
Authors: Reddy A. Gopala Krishna , Prasad T.V. , Shankar K. Sreedevi , Pushpanjali Ms. , Jyothilakshmi N. , Salini K. , Babu R. Ramesh , Singh Vinod Kumar , Yadagiri Jagati
Published: May 2024

Background: The research was conducted at the ICAR-CRIDA Hayatnagar Research Farm in Hyderabad, India. The plant material consists of tamarind trees planted in 1998 with 5m spacing to improve the morphological and reproductive characteristics of elite genotypes as well as quality and biochemical characters among the twenty tamarind accessions maintained at the research farm. The experiment was started in 1998 and observations were taken over the fruiting season of 2021-2022 with twenty tamarind accessions; the experiments were established in a randomized block design. The trees were identified for their consistent health and development. Methods: Biometric observations mainly average number of flowers per inflorescence, average number of inflorescence per branch, average number of branches per tree, average fruit weight (g), average yield per plant (kg), fruit, pulp, seed weights as well as shell, fiber, fruit, number of normal seeds per pod as well as damaged number of seeds per pod, Carbohydrates g/ 100 g, Polyphenols g/100 g, Anthocyanin mg/100 g, % Antioxidant activity and % Tartaric acid were recorded and analyzed statistically. Result: Significant differences among the tamarind accessions evaluated, NZB(S), Hasanur #5, Salem 132, NTI-14 and SMG-3 recorded the highest values in all the growth, pod and yield characters. NZB(S) recorded the highest number of flowers per inflorescence (14.62) while Hasanur # 5 recorded the highest number of inflorescence per branch (13.87). In yield attributes, NZB(S) recorded the highest average yield per plant (kg) (15.72) followed by Hasanur #5 (15.09), Salem 132 (14.81) and NTI-14 (14.65). The results revealed that NZB(S) showed the highest mean performance in terms of growth, yield and quality characters. The best performing accessions are being multiplied through vegetative propagation methods for planting on large scale in different locations.
“By Us, for Us”: Qualitative Insights to Inform Implementation of Comprehensive Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Services in a Trans Community Center
Authors: Reynolds Hannah E. , Nacht Carrie L. , Opalo Chloe , Marroquin Mariana , Dopp Alex R. , Ling Murtaugh Kimberly , Flynn Risa , Baumgardner Mika , Storholm Erik D.
Published: May 2024

Transgender/nonbinary (TGNB) persons in the United States are disproportionately affected by HIV and have relatively low uptake and persistence of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). A collaborative research team aimed to design comprehensive PrEP services for a TGNB-led and serving community organization in Los Angeles. The objective of this qualitative study was to understand the perspectives of TGNB healthcare providers and TGNB community members on the design of the PrEP program. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with TGNB community members (n= 30; 11 Spanish-speaking and 19 English-speaking) and providers and staff (n= 10). All interviews were analyzed using rapid analysis to identify salient themes relevant to program development and implementation. Participants highlighted four themes for successful program implementation. First, “by us, for us” captured the importance of TGNB representation in PrEP-related education, outreach, and navigation, highlighting the necessity of TGNB community members as staff and healthcare providers. Second, the PrEP program must recognize and address the socioeconomic oppression of the TGNB community and provide economic and social support. Third, participants felt a “one-stop shop” in a trusted setting was needed, where the PrEP program should be integrated with other comprehensive, gender-affirming medical (e.g., hormone therapy and primary care) and social services (e.g., legal, mental health, and housing). Finally, client retention and the sustainability of the PrEP program hinges on collaborative, community-led implementation. These interviews suggested four key themes that informed the development and implementation of a PrEP program that is TGNB community-led, client-centered, and delivered in a trusted and gender-affirming space.
Analisis Pengambilan Keputusan Program Situbondo Sehat Gratis (SEHATI) dalam Paradigma Rasionalitas
Authors: Ramadhani Bayu Aditya , Apriansyah Diaz Dwi , Al Amin M. Noer Falaq
Published: May 2024

Program Situbondo Sehat Gratis (SEHATI) merupakan inisiatif pemerintah Kabupaten Situbondo untuk memberikan akses layanan kesehatan yang terjangkau dan berkualitas bagi masyarakat kelas menengah ke bawah yang tidak tercover oleh program jaminan kesehatan nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan rasionalitas dalam menganalisis keputusan program SEHATI. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas dan keberlanjutan program ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program SEHATI dinilai positif oleh masyarakat karena mempermudah akses layanan kesehatan. Program SEHATI diharapkan dapat terus menjadi solusi dalam mengurangi kesenjangan akses kesehatan dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat kelas menengah ke bawah di Kabupaten Situbondo.
Spatial monitoring of the Bremen Cog : Long-term preservation of archaeological wooden ships in museums
Authors: Colson Amandine
Published: May 2024

This research was conducted as part of a three-years-doctoral fellowship funded by the German Maritime Museum (DSM), Leibniz Institute for Maritime History, in Bremerhaven (Germany). The goal set up by the institution was “to investigate the possibilities and limits of non-invasive documentation technologies to study long-term behaviours of large-scale museum objects; in cooperation with the engineering research field and the industry, in order to answer conservation-restauration issues.” Using 3D technologies to look at the deformation(s) on the Bremen Cog, 14th century-wooden vessel on display at the DSM, is an original idea from the author alone. After several years of ‘standstill’, the question of building an adequate support for the ship came back into the foreground and was discussed during a workshop organised by the museum in November 2013. All experts present agreed that nothing could be proposed without knowing more about the object’s current conservation state. The structural weaknesses had to first be identified and understood in order to design the new support. Since wood can be considered as a ‘living’ entity, the question of deformation was essential, to slow down crack formation and anticipate breakage. Monitoring the geometry would help to understand all types of deformations involved in the process, for example seasonal changes as well as more linear and continuous deformation jeopardizing the structure over the long-term. This is how the journey began. But it took several months for the idea to take root and become reality. Thanks to the participation of Dr. Ursula Warnke, former DSM director, the author was invited in early 2014 to the COST-Action “Colour and Space in Cultural Heritage” COSCH. This platform became an extraordinary opportunity to gain access to specialists and knowledge in the field of 3D technologies, and to be exposed to new ideas. The role of the COSCH in this project is significant and provided the impulse for the doctoral research. In September 2014, the Bremen Cog became a case study to test on three methodologies for acquiring the ship’s deformation(s). Based on the feedbacks from several specialists attesting the scientific relevance of deformation monitoring on an archaeological ship, a doctoral fellowship was funded by the DSM between March 2016 and June 2019. The very close collaboration with the Institute of Applied Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics (IAPG) from the Jade University of Applied Sciences, in the person of Professor Thomas Luhmann, head of the institute, and scientific staff member Heidi Hastedt, has impacted considerably this work.
Meronímia e holonímia em textos narrativos e procedurais da língua Apurinã (Aruák))
Authors: Freitas Marília Fernanda Pereira de , Bentes Izabelly Karoliny Brito
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo investiga a ocorrência da relação semântica meronímia/holonímia em textos narrativos e procedurais da língua apurinã, língua indígena falada no sudeste do estado do Amazonas. A meronímia, segundo Cruse (2000), é um fenômeno semântico que expressa a relação parte (merônimo)/todo (holônimo), podendo haver diferentes subtipos semânticos expressando tal relação (Winston; Chaffin; Hermann 1987). Dentre tais subtipos há os que denotam um evento (atividade/holônimo) e os subeventos (traços/merônimos) associados a ele. Verificou-se uma carência de trabalhos linguísticos descritivos, especialmente em se tratando de línguas indígenas, voltados para esse tipo de meronímia, envolvendo verbos. Esse tipo de investigação pode ser útil para estudos futuros ligados a verbos em línguas indígenas, no sentido de identificar, entre verbos designativos de subeventos (merônimos) e eventos mais amplos (holônimos) possíveis semelhanças morfossintáticas. Os textos analisados foram selecionados do banco de dados textuais da língua apurinã, interlinearizados no programa Fieldwork Language Explorer (FLEx) por Facundes e equipe de pesquisa, ao longo de três décadas de estudos. Concluiu-se que, nos textos investigados, há uma maior presença de relações meronímicas atividade/traço do que de qualquer outro subtipo semântico de merônimo. Isto ocorre devido aos tipos textuais narrativo e procedural serem intrinsecamente permeados por eventos e seus desdobramentos, seja, no primeiro caso, pela narração de eventos e seus subeventos associados, seja, no segundo caso, pela explicação dos subeventos que constituem a realização de um evento maior.
Characterization of Amino Acid Mutations of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) In Swan Geese (Anser cygnoides) In East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Putri Naimah , Karni Ine
Published: May 2024

Background: Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious viral disease affecting the poultry industry. The NDV is classified into three strains based on their relative virulence, namely velogenic or highly virulent, mesogenic or moderately virulent, and lentogenic or lowly virulent. The clinical manifestations of the disease vary depending on many factors, such as host susceptibility and the virulence of the NDV strain. Objective: This study aims to analyze the amino acid mutations of the NDV in unvaccinated swan goose (Anser cygnoides) from various locations in Java. Methods: Samples were collected through cloacal swabs and isolated by inoculation in Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) embryonated eggs that were nine days old. Hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition tests were conducted to confirm that the isolated virus was NDV. The isolated virus was processed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers that amplified partial sequences of the fusion (F) gene, which was analyzed to determine the pathotype. Results: The results indicated the presence of mutations in several regions. The amino acid changes occurred in 17 variable sites (7.2%) between RefSeq/JF950510 and ND/SW1/2018, 12 variable sites (5.1%) between RefSeq/JF950510 and ND/SW2/2018, 13 variable sites (5.5%) between RefSeq/JF950510 and ND/SW3/2018, and 19 variable sites (8.1%) between RefSeq/JF950510 and ND/SW4/2018. The amino acid sequences of the cleavage site of the fusion (F) protein revealed that all isolates had low virulence. Conclusion: The results indicated that mutations in the region outside the cleavage site not were incapable of altering the virulence of the virus.
Effect of Artemisia vulgaris Supplementation on Zebrafish Embryo Under Heat Stress Condition during In Vitro Culture
Authors: Tuska Habib Syaiful Arif , Khamalt Nursalsabila , Lesmana Muhammad Arfan , Yesica Reza , Hendrawan Viski Fitri , Budiono  , Residiwati Gretania
Published: May 2024

Background: Artemisia vulgaris contains flavonoids, which play a vital role in counteracting free radicals. Purpose: To determine the effect of Artemisia vulgaris extract supplementation on embryo development, heart rate and survival of zebrafish under heat stressed and non-heat stressed conditions. Methods: The research used a completely randomized design. Zebrafish embryos (n=240) were divided into heat stressed (36°C) and non-heat stressed (28°C) groups, while for each group were divided into three subgroups, namely T1/control (without Artemisia vulgaris supplementation); and supplemented group T1 and T2, with 2 µL and 4 µL of Artemisia vulgaris supplementation, respectively. The efficacy of Artemisia vulgaris supplementation was determined by observing the embryo development, heart rate, and survival rate of zebrafish up to 96 hours post fertilization (hpf). Results: The development of zebrafish embryos under heat stressed treated with Artemisia vulgaris extract gave the same quality as the control treatment without heat stressed exposure. Zebrafish embryos exposed to heat stressed with 4 µL Artemisia vulgaris supplementation gave the highest survival rate on the heat stressed group. Artemisia vulgaris supplementation improved the heart rate of zebrafish exposed to heat stressed as in the non-heat stressed group. Conclusion: Artemisia vulgaris extract can reduce the detrimental effects of heat stressed induction on zebrafish embryos, as evidenced by the improvement in embryonic development, heart rate, and survival rate of zebrafish embryos after supplementation.
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Foodborne Salmonella spp. and E. coli Isolates from Rodents and Shrews in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Uwanyirigira Marie Chantal , Bapfakurera Elias Nelly , Mwega Elisa , Kimera Sharadhuli , Katakweba Abdul A.S.
Published: May 2024

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a pressing global public health issue that affects both human and animal health. Small mammals, such as rodents and shrews, represent a significant reservoir of zoonotic infections. However, there is limited documented research specifically addressing Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. resistant strains from small mammals. Purpose: This study was conducted to examin the occurrence of AMR E. coli and Salmonella spp. and their associated resistance genes in rodents and shrews. Methods: A total of 148 fecal samples from rodents and shrews were examined for E. coli and Salmonella spp. using culture methods and biochemical tests. Fifty isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing using the disk diffusion method on Muller-Hinton agar. Genotypic analysis by PCR was used to confirm the bacterial strains and their resistance pattern genes. Results: Two bacteria were confirmed in 57 (38.5%) of the fecal samples. Specifically, E. coli and Salmonella spp. were identified in 54 (36.5%) and 3 (2%) fecal samples, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed significant resistance in Rattus rattus. Molecular analysis confirmed that Salmonella spp.  carry a larger proportion of resistance genes than E. coli. Specific resistance genes, including Sul1 and Sul2, were identified, constituting 15.4% of the total resistance genes. The prevalence of β-lactamase genes was remarkable, with a higher occurrence in Salmonella spp. Conclusion: In terms of human health, the implications of rodents and shrews serving as carriers and transmitters of various pathogens were highlighted. Given the possibility of unexpected zoonoses arising from the bacteria found in this study, these findings contribute to the understanding AMR in the context of bacterial infections in animals and humans.
Prevalence of Ectoparasites and Hemoparasites in Rodents and Shrews in Ilemela District, Mwanza Region, Tanzania
Authors: Deng Aheir Achuil , Lita Emmanel P. , Ochi Erneo Bernardo , Nzalawahe Jahashi , Katakweba Abdul A. S.
Published: May 2024

Background: Rodents and shrews play an important role in the transmission and spreading of zoonotic diseases in Tanzania and worldwide. Purpose: This study aims to identify ectoparasites and hemoparasites in rodents and shrews captured in Ilemela District, Mwanza Region, Tanzania. Methods: Rodents and shrews were captured using Sherman live traps and modified wire cages, both of which were placed indoors, peri-domestically, and in agricultural fields. The animals were anaesthetized using diethyl ether, and blood samples were collected aseptically from the heart. Thin and thick smears were prepared for the identification of hemoparasites. Results: The overall prevalence of ectoparasites was 56.4%, with the following ectoparasites identified: Laelaps echininus (39.6%), Polyplax spp. (4.0%), Xenopsylla cheopis (2.7%), and Heamaphysalis leachi (0.7%). The highest prevalence of ectoparasites was observed in Mastomys natalensis. In terms of sex, male animals showed a higher prevalence of ectoparasites (59.0%) than female animals. Additionally, the prevalence of hemoparasites was 35.5%, with the following parasites identified: Anaplasma spp. (18.8%), Trypanosoma lewisi (0.7%), Plasmodium spp. (1.3%), Bipolar coccobacilli (2.7%), and Bacillus spp. (3.4%). Anaplasma spp. was identified in all infested rodent species, with the highest prevalence observed in Mus musculus (34.4%) and Mastomys natalensis (27.3%). However, T. lewisi was only identified in Rattus rattus (0.7%), whereas no hemoparasites was identified in Crocidura spp. Conclusion: This study provides baseline information on the prevalence of ectoparasites and hemoparasites in rodents and shrews in Ilemela district, Mwanza Region, Tanzania. Therefore, monitoring of these parasites is important for preparedness and early warning preparation for the control of rodent-borne diseases.
Seroprevalence and Geographical Distribution of Rift Valley Fever in Livestock in Sudan
Authors: Mohammed E. A.  Mansour  , Ahmed Ayman , Kamal Selma , Elhassan Tamador M.A. , Abdelgadir Atif Elamin
Published: May 2024

Background: Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is zoonotic and Transboundary Animal Disease (TAD) that has public health and trade implications for livestock and livestock products. It occurs following heavy rains and is characterized by miscarriages in small ruminants, such as sheep and goats, and illness in humans. The mosquito is the main vector for the disease. It can be transmitted by direct contact with tissues, aerosol, and blood of the infected individual and by ingestion of raw and/or uncooked milk. Purpose: This study aims to estimate the seroprevalence of RVF in Sudan and to determine the geographical distribution of RVF to understand the pattern of its occurrence in Sudan. Methods: This study was conducted in Central Sudan. This study was a retrospective study in which the data were collected mainly from archives and records of the laboratory and were used to estimate the seropositivity. The target population in this study was concentrated on livestock, especially ruminants. Results: In this study, the overall seroprevalence of RVF was estimated to be 16%. The highest seroprevalence was recorded at 66% in cattle in River Nile (95% CI [60.37171, 73.44393]), whereas the lowest seroprevalence was recorded at 0.8% in cattle in Blue Nile (95% CI [0.73293, 0.96704]). Conclusion: This study concluded that herd immunity is a significant factor in understanding the epidemiology of RVF in Sudan. In addition, the retrospective data provided a roadmap for managing and controlling transboundary diseases that have had an impact on human health.
Study of The Physiological Status of Horses Before and After Training in Anantya Riding Club
Authors: Anggraeni Henny Endah , Muhammad Igal
Published: May 2024

Background: The physiological status of a horse is an indicator of its health. Parameters that can be used to determine the health status of a horse include respiratory rate, heart rate, and body temperature. As the activity of a horse increases, its respiratory rate increases. By measuring respiratory rate, heart rate, and body temperature before and after training, changes in the physiological status of a horse can be determined. Purpose: This study aims to provide an overview of the physiological status of horses before and after training at Anantya Riding Club. Case: Physiological status of horses before and after training. Case Management: This study used a qualitative approach. Data on the physiological conditions of horses were collected before and after training. A digital thermometer was used to measure body temperature. A stethoscope was used to measure heart rate. Respiratory rate was measured by placing the back of the hand or the palm of the hand close to the horse's nose to feel its breath. These measurements were taken before and after training. Conclusion: This study concluded that the physiological status of horses after training showed an improvement. The average body temperatures of the horses before and after training were [37.6 ± 0.09]°C and [38.61 ± 0.03] °C, respectively. The average heart rates of the horses before and after training were 41.0 ± 2.4 beats/minute and 90.2 ± 3.5 beats/minute, respectively. Finally, the average respiratory rates of the horses before and after training exercise were 39.7 ± 3.0 breaths/minute and 101.2 ± 0.5 breaths/minute, respectively.
Literature Study : Histopathology Analysis of Rabies Disease (2014 - 2022)
Authors: Andadari Afifah Yudining Dwi , Pratama Dyah Ayu Oktavianie A. , Hardian Andreas Bandang , Untari Handayu
Published: May 2024

Background: Rabies is a contagious and zoonotic disease caused by Lyssavirus, a neurotropic, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Rabies infects most mammals through the transmission of saliva from a rabid animal that enters the body of a healthy animal through an open wound, bite, scratch, or direct contact. A post-mortem diagnosis and evaluation are crucial for establishing regional statistical data in order to design a robust strategy for combating rabies. Histopathology has long been known to be an invaluable source of information regarding the destructive impact of rabies in nervous tissue. In addition to other ante-mortem evaluations, a correlation between clinical signs, gross pathological findings, and histopathological findings must be established to achieve the maximum target of combating rabies. Purpose: This study aims to analyze and compare gross pathological findings and histopathological findings in the literature published between 2014 and 2022. Methods: A comparison between gross pathological findings and histopathological findings was conducted on case studies from 2014 to 2022. Anamnesis and clinical signs were obtained as supporting data. The findings were presented as percentage to identify the predominant pathological signs. Results: A review of four case studies revealed that paralysis, hyperesthesia, gait abnormality, and muscle tremor were the most commonly observed signs (50%). Only two case studies revealed gross pathological findings, including meningeal congestion and cerebellar hemorrhage. Eight studies identified the intracytoplasmic negri body in Purkinje cells as the most commonly observed histopathological finding (100%). Conclusion: The primary clinical signs and gross pathological findings associated with rabies are typically regarded as non-specific. Histopathology revealed the intracytoplasmic Negri body in Purkinje cells as the most commonly observed finding (100%).
Kimura's Disease Finding on Ocular Adnexal Mass
Authors: Tiendie Nonidha , Fatmariyanti Susy , Ridholia Ridholia
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Kimura's disease is an unknown chronic lymphoproliferative inflammatory disease affecting the skin, soft tissues, and lymph nodes. Until September 2020, only 200 cases of Kimura's disease were reported worldwide, however, their exact incidence is unknown. Here, we are interested in reporting a patient with Kimura's disease of the ocular adnexa due to its rarity and to enhance the knowledge of ophthalmologists about confirming the diagnosis of Kimura's disease. Case Presentation: A 40-year-old female presented with a chief complaint of a mass on her left nasal orbit for the last year. The mass gradually increased for six months, and it was painless. The systemic laboratory workup revealed eosinophilia and increased serum IgE. Contrast CT-Scan revealed a benign tumor, suspect dermoid cyst. She underwent surgery, and the histopathologic showed Kimura's disease. The patient was followed up on a scheduled basis, and there was no recurrence during four months of monitoring. Conclusions: A clinical, systemic laboratory, and histopathological examination is required to confirm the diagnosis of Kimura's ocular adnexa disease and determine the best therapy for the patient due to the high recurrence rate. Combining surgical excision with postoperative radiation is recommended as the most effective treatment in terms of controlling the residual lesion and minimizing the recurrence rate while causing the fewest side effects. Eosinophil screening regularly is advised to evaluate the recurrence rate.
Flap Striae: Managing and Understanding Post-LASIK Complication
Authors: Khoirunnisa Auliya , Nuramalia Lady Sherly , Rasyda Risnanda Putri , Dharmawidiarini Dini
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Flap striae is the most common postoperative complication, with a frequency ranging from 0.033% to 3.5%, according to studies involving over 1000 ocular cases. There is only one case in our hospital in 2023. In this case report, we will present a case of flap striae in a tertiary hospital because our findings are unusual and essential in symptomatic therapy and visual rehabilitation. Case Presentation: A 19-year-old female came with a chief complaint of impaired vision in her left eye for the past two weeks, followed by inability to focus, discomfort of the eye, a sensation of foreign body, and glare that occurred three days after she underwent bilateral myopia laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery. A post-LASIK assessment found that both eyes had visual acuity 10/10, and the left eye's visual acuity dropped to 6/10. Slit lamp examination revealed flap striae were running from the superonasal to the inferolateral quadrant. The thickness disparities were measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT), ranging from 653 to 689 μm. The OCT pictures revealed a gap on the temporal side as well. This patient was diagnosed with flap striae and a flap repositioning procedure was performed. Conclusions: A flap repositioning surgery was performed to increase visual acuity and eliminate striae.