bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEMANDA INELÁSTICA POR CERTIFICADOS NEGOCIÁVEIS DE POLUIÇÃO E O PROBLEMA DA ALOCAÇÃO INICIAL
Authors: Dias Fernando de Mendonça , Ramos Francisco de Sousa
Published: November 2023

Constata que a análise de problemas ambientais e a proposta de políticas para sua solução tem cada vez mais se beneficiado do enfoque microeconômico. Os instrumentos de política marketbased vêm sendo crescentemente utilizados, particularmente os denominados certificados negociáveis de poluição. Estes têm-se mostrado um forte instrumental de política ambiental, particularmente devido às suas propriedades de custo efetividade. O êxito dos programas de controle da chuva ácida nos EUA e Canadá serve de referência. Entretanto, diversos trabalhos apontam os problemas inerentes a este mecanismo, principalmente a questão da alocação inicial, que pode ter como conseqüência a existência de imperfeição de mercado. Mostra que se a função demanda por certificados for inelástica, ou apresentar regiões inelásticas, há possibilidade para que, sob determinada alocação, uma firma atue com poder de mercado. Conclui que a solução seria o estabelecimento de um critério adequado para alocação, baseado em informação sobre a estrutura de produção das firmas, mas isto acarretaria a possibilidade de comportamento estratégico.
DEMANDA POR MICROCRÉDITO EM FORTALEZA: UMA APLICAÇÃO DO MÉTODO DE AVALIAÇÃO CONTINGENTE
Authors: Rosa Antônio Lisboa Teles da , Castelar Luiz Ivan de Melo
Published: November 2023

Analisa algumas características da demanda por microcrédito na cidade de Fortaleza, com vistas à possível implantação de um banco popular ofertante de crédito com base em parâmetros diferenciados do crédito formal. Utiliza base teórica do setor informal, segundo a ótica da pequena produção mercantil, e o modelo de estimação de demanda baseia -se em avaliação contingente e uma equação econométrica com variável dependente qualitativa. Os principais resultados encontrados mostram que a maioria dos microempresários não utiliza nenhuma fonte de financiamento; predomina um certo isolamento, dado que é pequena a participação em associações comunitárias, e existe uma razoável demanda potencial por crédito.
EM TEMPOS DE SUDENE: OUVIDOS E OLVIDOS
Authors: Dias Adriano Batista
Published: November 2023

Enfoca marcos relativos ao encaminhamento da solução dos problemas regionais e às perspectivas atuais do Nordeste, do processo de formação da agência regional de desenvolvimento ao momento presente. Apresenta registro e análise de relevantes opiniões “ouvidas” e de relevantes questões olvidadas no decurso desse processo. Destaca o quadro do Nordeste e a malha de relações que o expunham a um crescimento econômico substancialmente inferior ao nacional. Complementando o exposto pelo Grupo de Trabalho para o Desenvolvimento do Nordeste – GTDN, deixa claro o mecanismo segundo o qual as forças de mercado, balizadas pelo modelo de desenvolvimento adotado pelo país, levavam a região a se tornar cada vez menos atrativa ao capital. Aponta os elementos essenciais da estratégia intencionada, inicialmente adotada, e das mudanças introduzidas. Registra os relativos ganhos da Região, qualificando-os. A industrialização conseguida, ressalta, é fundada em empresas filiais, fato pouco valorado nas atuais análises econômicas. O campo modernizou-se, comenta, ganhou certa resistência à seca, mas não foram explorados os potenciais das plantas xerófilas, nem de tecnologias agropastoris com as quais a Região teria maiores vantagens comparativas, com maior sustentabilidade. O quadro educacional desfavorável traz a perspectiva de novamente vir a crescer substancialmente menos que a média nacional.
LOCALIZAÇÃO INDUSTRIAL NO NORDESTE DO BRASIL - UMA PERSPECTIVA EM TERMOS DE OFERTA E DEMANDA POR FATORES LOCACIONAIS
Authors: Távora Júnior José Lamartine , Ramos Francisco de Sousa
Published: November 2023

Objetiva a identificação das localizações mais indicadas, em termos de oferta e demanda por fatores locacionais, para um grupo de atividades industriais consideradas estratégicas para a Região Nordeste do Brasil. As atividades estudadas foram: indústria de automóveis; indústria eletro-eletrônica; informática; indústria petroquímica; indústria química; e siderurgia. As localidades estudadas foram todas as microrregiões homogêneas que compõem os nove estados da Região Nordeste mais a área de Minas Gerais incluída no Polígono das Secas. São apresentados e comentados resultados por estados e por atividades industriais.
MOVIMENTOS CÍCLICOS E RESPOSTAS EM MERCADOS DE TRABALHO PERIFÉRICOS: A RMS E A BAHIA NOS ANOS 90
Authors: Azevedo José Sérgio Gabrielli de
Published: November 2023

Apresenta o comportamento dos rendimentos e do nível de ocupação por setor e por posição na Região Metropolitana de Salvador durante a década de 90. Destaca as diferenças destes movimentos nas várias conjunturas macroeconômicas nacionais, concluindo pelas perdas dos ganhos médios e aumento da precariedade das relações de trabalho, ainda que, em certas situações, rendimentos e ocupação tenham sido colineares, enquanto, em outras, tiveram inclinações negativas. Afirma que o processo de precarização das relações de trabalho ultrapassa as conjunturas, assim como a tendência para maior concentração de renda. Foram utilizados dados da PME, PNAD e PED, além de indicadores de contabilidade social, abordados separadamente em cada momento cíclico entre a expansão inflacionária do final dos anos 80 e a crise do ajuste do Plano Real em finais de 1997.
TESTING HETEROSCEDASTICITY ON STOCHASTIC FRONTIER MODELS
Authors: Jorge Neto Paulo de Melo
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho desenvolve um teste do tipo “Lagrange Multiplier” para testar a possibilidade de heterocedasticidade nos modelos de fronteira estocástica. O teste é desenvolvido após uma breve descrição das características desses e de alguns método de estimação.
Breeding and Large Scale Seed Production of the Indian River Prawn  Macrobrachium malcolmsonii (H. Milne Edwards)
Authors: Kanaujia D.R. , Mohanty A.N.
Published: November 2023

With a view to evolve a viable technology for breeding and large scale seed production of the Indian river prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii, a series of experiments were carried out under laboratory and yard conditions during 1989­-91. Maturation, breeding, spawning and hatching were successfully done in freshwater ponds. The breeding season lasted from May to October. The larval mortality was high in clear water where as, they reached upto zoea stage IX in green water. The larvae passed through eleven zoeal stages to become the post-larvae in a period of 39-80 days at salinity and temperature conditions of 18-22 ppt and 27.4­-31° C respectively. Brine shrimp nauplii, supplemented with egg custard and mussel meat, were found to be the most suitable larval feed, and among live food organisms, Brachionus plicatills was observed to be suitable. The air-lift recirculatory system was found to be effective and four rearing trials yielded 21,610 post-larvae that formed the material for grow-out culture. A total of 7,360 post-larvae were produced in one experiment at the rate of 25 post-larvae per litre which is new to Indian records.
On the Heterogeneous Nature and Cultural Quality of the Intergeneric Hybrid Progeny of Grass Carp and Silver Carp
Authors: Reddy P. V. G. K.
Published: November 2023

The progeny of fomale grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) x male silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) consisted of 45-60% gynogens as a product of spontaneous gynogenesis and the rest were true hybrids. The hybrids exhibited poor survival at all stages and total mortality within a year. Viability of hybrids of the reciprocal cross was much poor and most of them died before hatching.
PENGARUH PEMBIAYAAN ISTISHNA DAN IJARAH TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN
Authors: Nisra  , Saharuddin
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK

Bank merupakan tempat penghimpun dan penyaluran dana masyarakat. Bank terdiri atas bank konvensional yang menggunakan sistem bunga dan bank syariah yang menggunakan sistem bagi hasil. pertumbuhan perbankan syariah di indonesia masih belum konsisten dibandingkan perbankan konvensional. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Populasi berjumlah 14 bank selama periode 2016-2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembiayaan istishna dan ijarah tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja kuangan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kedua akad ini jarang digunakan dalam pembiayaan perbankan sehingga tidak terlalu mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan bank syariah.

ABSTRACT

The bank is a place for collecting and distributing public funds. Banks consist of conventional banks that use an interest system and Islamic banks that use a profit sharing system. The growth of Islamic banking in Indonesia is still inconsistent compared to conventional banking. The research method uses a descriptive quantitative approach. The population totaled 14 banks during the 2016-2019 period. The results showed that istishna and ijarah financing had no effect on financial performance. This is due to the fact that these two contracts are rarely used in bank financing, so they do not significantly affect the financial performance of Islamic banks.
PENGARUH AUDIT OPERASIONAL DAN PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL TERHADAP GOOD COORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Authors: Wati Harmida , Rahmawati  , Haedar
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh audit oeprasional dan pengendalian internal terhadap good corporate governance pada BLUD RSUD Sawerigading Kota Palopo.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dan verifikatif. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Populasi sebanyak 382 orang, teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan metode slovin dengan jumlah sampel 195 responden. Analisis data denganmenggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: 1) Audit operasional berpengaruh terhadap Good Corporate Governance. 2) Audit Pengendalian Internal terhadap Good Corporate Governance. 3) Audit operasional dan Pengendalian Internal berpengaruh terhadap Good Corporate Governance. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pertama dengan menggunakan variabel penelitian audit operasional, pengendalian internal dan good coorporate governance.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to see whether there is an effect of operational auditing and internal control on good corporate governance at the BLUD Sawerigading Hospital, Palopo City. This research is a quantitative descriptive and verification research. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The population is 382 people, the sampling technique uses the Slovin method with a sample size of 195. The data analysis uses multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Operational audits have an effect on Good Corporate Governance. 2) Internal Audit Control on Good Corporate Governance. 3) Operational Audit and Internal Control have an effect on Good Corporate Governance. This study is the first study using audit operational variables, internal and good corporate governance
ANALSIS PENERAPAN PSAK 106 TENTANG PEMBIAYAAN MUSYARAKAH PADA PT BRI SYARIAH KCP PALOPO
Authors: Rozita Sary Kasman  , Antong  , Indra Kusdarianto
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan perlakuan akuntansi mengenai pengakuan, pengukuran, penyajian, dan pengungkapan pembiayaan musyarakah dengan PSAK 106 pada PT BRI Syariah KCP Palopo. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode analisis komparatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 2 bulan yakni pada bulan September sampai bulan oktober. tekhnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah melalui kuesioner, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa PT BRI Syariah KCP Palopo menerapkan pembiayaan musyarakah sudah sesuai dengan PSAK 106 yang meliputi perlakuan akuntansi yaitu pengakuan, pengukuran, penyajian, dan pengungkapan.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to determine the application of musyarakah financing regarding the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of musyarakah financing with PSAK 106 at PT BRI Syariah KCP Palopo. The data used in this research is primary data. This research is a descriptive quantitative research using comparative analysis method. This research was conducted for 2 months, namely from September to October. The data collection techniques used were questionnaires, documentation, and studies references. The results of this study indicate that PT BRI Syariah KCP Palopo implements musyarakah financing in accordance with PSAK 106 which includes accounting treatment, namely recognition, and disclosure
KONSEP HARGA POKOK BARANG LELANG JAMINAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF SYARIAH
Authors: Heriyanti  , Antong
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK
Saat masyarakat membutuhkan uang tunai, pilihan transaksi yang digunakan oleh masyarakat yang sering menghadapi masalah ini adalah dengan mengagunkan barang-barang berharganya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep harga pokok barang jaminan lelang pada pegadaian syariah yang diterapkan di PT. Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Luwu dan mekanisme penetapan harga pokok lelang barang jaminan pada pegadaian syariah yang diterapkan di PT. Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Luwu. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara kepada informan penelitian yang terdiri dari Pimpinan Cabang, karyawan dan nasabah di PT. Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Luwu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan konsep harga lelang pada PT. Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Luwu telah menggunakan prinsip syariah, dimana jika barang jaminan nasabah telah jatuh tempo pihak pegadaian memberitahukan kepada nasabah bahwa barang jaminan tersebut telah jatuh tempo dan akan dilelang dan dalam proses pelelangan ini pihak pegadaian juga melakukan survei terlebih dahulu ke pasar setempat dan pusat pasar setempat serta melakukan penaksiran ulang agar tidak terjadi penzaliman sehingga dapat merugikan salah satu pihak dan menguntungkan pihak lain.
ABSTRACT
When people need cash, the transaction option used by people who often face this problem is to pledge their valuables. The study aims to determine the concept of the cost of goods auction collateral in sharia pawnshops applied at PT. Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Luwu and the mechanism for determining the cost of goods auction collateral at the sharia pawnshop applied at PT. Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Luwu. This research is a type of field research (field research). Data collection was carried out by conducting interviews with research informants consisting of Branch Managers, employees and customers at PT. Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Luwu. The results of the study show that the application of the concept of auction price at PT. Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Luwu has used sharia principles, where if the customer's collateral has matured the pawnshop informs the customer that the collateral is due and will be auctioned and in this auction process the pawnshop also conducts a survey first to the local market and the local market center and conduct a re-assessment so as not to cause oppression so that it can harm one party and benefit the other party.
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL MELALUI PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Waang Lidia Indriane , Muliati  , Jurana  , Chalarce Totanan  , Ni Made Suwitri Parwati  , Ilham Pakkawaru
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, terhadap pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan/CSR dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel mediasi. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan LQ45 sektor manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jumlah sampel yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 14 perusahaan dalam 5 tahun pengamatan (2016-2020) sehingga total data observasi adalah 70. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah WarpPLS 7.0. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan, sedangkan variabel ukuran perusahaan secara parsial berpengaruh negatif terhadap profitabilitas. Profitabilitas ditemukan tidak memediasi hubungan antara ukuran perusahaan dan pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan/ CSR.
PRAKTIK GOOD GOVERNANCE DANA DESA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR
Authors: Yulianti  , Abdul Kahar  , Jurana
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK
Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Pemerintah Desa memiliki wewenang untuk mengelola, mengatur, mengembangkan dan memperdayaan masyarakat desa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami dan menginterpretasikan praktik tata kelola dana desa yang baik dalam pembangunan infrastruktur di Desa Tanauge Kecamatan Petasia Kabupaten Morowali Utara. Penelitian ini dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai penelitian deskriptif. Informan dalam penelitian ditemukan 6 orang dengan metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis data kualitatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa good governance dalam pembangunan infrastruktur di Desa Tanauge telah dilaksanakan dengan pertanggungjawaban formalitas atas infrastruktur yang dibiayai melalui anggaran dana desa yang memiliki peraturan pertanggungjawaban yang harus dilakukan oleh Kepala Desa. Partisipasi dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan pembangunan di Desa Tanauge belum mampu menciptakan komitmen dan motivasi masyarakat untuk terlibat aktif dalam segala bentuk kegiatan yang direncanakan dalam APBDES, karena kehadiran kepala desa secara sepihak. Akuntabilitas formal dan partisipasi terbatas mampu menciptakan pemerintahan yang baik, juga dapat memicu perilaku disfungsional (menyimpang) pada pengambil keputusan (Kepala Desa)
ABSTRACT
Based on Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 the Village Government has the authority to manage, organize, develop and empower village communities. The purpose of this study is to understand and interpret the practice of good governance of village funds in infrastructure development in Tanauge Village, Petasia District, North Morowali Regency. This research can be classified as descriptive research. Informants in the study found 6 people with the data analysis method used in this study is qualitative data analysis. The results of the study show that good governance in infrastructure development in Tanauge Village has been implemented with formality accountability on infrastructure funded through the village fund budget which has accountability regulations that must be carried out by the Village Head. Participation in planning, implementing and supervising development in Tanauge Village has not been able to create community commitment and motivation to be actively involved in all forms of activities planned in the APBDES, due to the unilateral presence of the village head. Formal accountability and limited participation are able to create good governance, can also trigger dysfunctional (deviant) behavior in decision makers (Village Heads)
ANALISIS PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PENGGAJIAN DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL PT SRIWIJAYA 87
Authors: Sari Putri Fadilah , Gunarianto  , Nurhayati Indah Dewi
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sistem informasi akuntansi penggajian yang ada pada PT. Sriwijaya 87 dan juga untuk menganalisa sistem informasi akuntansi penggajian dalam upaya efektivitas pengendalian internal. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik obeservasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, alat-alat penunjang dan arsip  atau data sekunder. Untuk teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang berarti tidak menggunakan rumus. Hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sistem informasi akuntansi penggajian belum cukup baik dalam mendukung pengendalian internal perusahaan. Berdasarkan pembahasan  menemukan bukti adanya kecurangan karyawan melakukan absen tetapi tidak berada di tempat kerja, sistem prosedur operasional yang ditetapkan perusahaan seperti pemotongan gaji karyawan apabila terlambat 30 menit belum dilaksanakan oleh bagian keuangan, prosedur penggajian juga tidak sesuai dengan sistem prosedur operasional perusahaan.

ABStract

This study aims to determine how the payroll accounting information system exists at PT Sriwijaya 87 and also to analyze the payroll accounting information system in an effort to improve the effectiveness of internal control. This type of research used descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques in this study use observation techniques, interviews, documentation, supporting tools and archives or secondary data. For data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach which means not using formulas. The results of the research that has been done show that the implementation of the payroll accounting information system is not good enough to support the company's internal control. Based on the discussion found evidence of fraudulent employees doing absences but not being at the workplace, the operational procedure system established by the company such as deducting employee salaries if 30 minutes late has not been implemented by the finance department, payroll procedures are also not in accordance with the company's operational procedure system.
Programme Triple P – Pratiques parentales positives – deux à quatre ans plus tard : les rôles modérateurs de vivre un événement stressant et d’obtenir des services ultérieurs sur la parentalité
Authors: Fortin Laura , Gagné Marie-Hélène
Published: November 2023

Les modérateurs à long terme de programmes de soutien à la parentalité basés sur des données probantes sont encore peu connus. Le but de la présente étude est d’examiner si, deux à quatre ans plus tard, le maintien des acquis de Triple P quant à divers aspects de la parentalité est affecté par deux modérateurs pouvant survenir chez les familles, soit (a) un événement stressant à valence négative (ÉSVN) et (b) d’autres services en soutien à l’enfant ou au rôle parental. Les résultats de l’étude menée auprès de 164 parents d’enfants ayant 0-12 ans lors du programme montrent une stabilité à long terme de la plupart des acquis de Triple P indépendante d’un contexte d’adversité ou d’une utilisation de services ultérieurs. Vivre un ÉSVN serait également favorable au maintien de certaines habiletés parentales. De plus, obtenir des services ultérieurs serait associé au stress parental. Ces résultats alimentent une réflexion quant à la mobilisation du soutien social des familles suivant un ÉSVN et aux associations entre le stress parental et l’utilisation de services.
Metodoloģiskais ietvars zināšanu pārneses robežu pārvarēšanai starpdisciplinārā inovācijas procesā
Authors:   , Suija-Markova Inese
Published: November 2023

Promocijas darba mērķis ir izstrādāt metodoloģisku ietvaru zināšanu pārneses robežu pārvarēšanai starpdisciplinārā inovācijas procesā. Promocijas darbs ir rakstīts angļu valodā. Tas ietver ievadu, trīs daļas, secinājumus un ieteikumus, bibliogrāfisko sarakstu un piecus pielikumus. Pirmajā daļā analizēti zināšanu ietilpīgi biznesa pakalpojumi un to loma inovācijas procesā. Otrajā daļā pētīts zināšanu pārneses jēdziens starpdisciplināra inovācijas procesa kontekstā. Trešajā daļā aprakstīts metodoloģiskai ietvars, tā principi, elementi un matrica, kā arī veiktā ietvara testēšana un novērtēšana.
The role of key Sherpa holidays in preserving and broadcasting their traditional culture in modern Tibet
Authors: Xi Junfei , Fedorovskaya Natal'ya Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2023

The aim of the work was to identify the role of holidays of the Sherpa ethnic group in the preservation and continuity of their traditions. The tasks were to analyze the characteristics of traditional holidays, such as the Sherpa New Year, religious holidays and agricultural holidays, and to find out their role in modern Tibet. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite the strong influence of external cultural factors, a significant layer of the traditional local holiday culture of Sherpas remains. Using comparative historical and typological approaches and the method of system analysis based on a large amount of information, the characteristics of Sherpa holidays are systematized. The novelty lies in the vastness of the collected information and its analysis and generalization, previously such research results have not been published. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite the strong influence of external cultural factors, a significant layer of the traditional local holiday culture of Sherpas remains. Thus, the study of the holidays and the festive culture of the Sherpas showed that, along with the influence of external cultural factors, the Sherpas still retain a significant traditional layer of their local culture. Thus, the New Year is more influenced by external factors and changes in time and customs, while agricultural and religious holidays preserve traditional customs. Among the agricultural and religious festivals, one can see the manifestation of the traditional folk beliefs of the Sherpas. Chinese Sherpas, being a very small ethnic group, are becoming an important subject of study, as is the protection of their cultural heritage, and holidays and festivals, as vivid indicators of their traditional culture, are even more valuable for research.
BMP2 and BMP7 cooperate with H3.3K27M to promote quiescence and invasiveness in pediatric diffuse midline gliomas
Authors: Huchede Paul , Meyer Swann , Berthelot Clément , Hamadou Maud , Bertrand-Chapel Adrien , Rakotomalala Andria , Manceau Line , Tomine Julia , Lespinasse Nicolas , Lewandowski Paul , Cordier-Bussat Martine , Broutier Laura , Dutour Aurélie , Rochet Isabelle , Blay Jean-Yves , Degletagne Cyril , Attignon Valéry , Montero-Carcaboso Angel , Le Grand Marion , Pasquier Eddy , Vasiljevic Alexandre , Gilardi-Hebenstreit Pascale , Meignan Samuel , Leblond Pierre , Ribes Vanessa , Cosset Erika , Castets Marie
Published: November 2023

Pediatric diffuse midline gliomas (pDMG) are an aggressive type of childhood cancer with a fatal outcome. Their major epigenetic determinism has become clear, notably with the identification of K27M mutations in histone H3. However, the synergistic oncogenic mechanisms that induce and maintain tumor cell phenotype have yet to be deciphered. In 20 to 30% of cases, these tumors have an altered BMP signaling pathway with an oncogenic mutation on the BMP type I receptor ALK2, encoded by ACVR1. However, the potential impact of the BMP pathway in tumors non-mutated for ACVR1 is less clear. By integrating bulk, single-cell, and spatial transcriptomic data, we show here that the BMP signaling pathway is activated at similar levels between ACVR1 wild-type and mutant tumors and identify BMP2 and BMP7 as putative activators of the pathway in a specific subpopulation of cells. By using both pediatric isogenic glioma lines genetically modified to overexpress H3.3K27M and patients-derived DIPG cell lines, we demonstrate that BMP2/7 synergizes with H3.3K27M to induce a transcriptomic rewiring associated with a quiescent but invasive cell state. These data suggest a generic oncogenic role for the BMP pathway in gliomagenesis of pDMG and pave the way for specific targeting of downstream effectors mediating the K27M/BMP crosstalk.
Rapid translocation of NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating D6 protein kinase during root gravitropism
Authors: Kulich Ivan , Schmid Julia , Teplova Anastasia , Qi Linlin , Friml Jiří
Published: November 2023

Root gravitropic bending represents a fundamental aspect of terrestrial plant physiology. Gravity is perceived by sedimentation of starch-rich plastids (statoliths) to the bottom of the central root cap cells. Following gravity perception, intercellular auxin transport is redirected downwards leading to an asymmetric auxin accumulation at the lower root side causing inhibition of cell expansion, ultimately resulting in downwards bending. How gravity-induced statoliths repositioning is translated into asymmetric auxin distribution remains unclear despite PIN auxin efflux carriers and the Negative Gravitropic Response of roots (NGR) proteins polarize along statolith sedimentation, thus providing a plausible mechanism for auxin flow redirection. In this study, using a functional NGR1-GFP construct, we visualized the NGR1 localization on the statolith surface and plasma membrane (PM) domains in close proximity to the statoliths, correlating with their movements. We determined that NGR1 binding to these PM domains is indispensable for NGR1 functionality and relies on cysteine acylation and adjacent polybasic regions as well as on lipid and sterol PM composition. Detailed timing of the early events following graviperception suggested that both NGR1 repolarization and initial auxin asymmetry precede the visible PIN3 polarization. This discrepancy motivated us to unveil a rapid, NGR-dependent translocation of PIN-activating AGCVIII kinase D6PK towards lower PMs of gravity-perceiving cells, thus providing an attractive model for rapid redirection of auxin fluxes following gravistimulation.
Rapid redirection of auxin fluxes during root gravitropism by translocation of NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating kinases
Authors: Kulich Ivan , Schmid Julia , Teplova Anastasia , Qi Linlin , Friml Jiří
Published: November 2023

Root gravitropic bending represents a fundamental aspect of terrestrial plant physiology. Gravity is perceived by sedimentation of starch-rich plastids (statoliths) to the bottom of the central root cap cells. Following gravity perception, intercellular auxin transport is redirected downwards leading to an asymmetric auxin accumulation at the lower root side causing inhibition of cell expansion, ultimately resulting in downwards bending. How gravity-induced statoliths repositioning is translated into asymmetric auxin distribution remains unclear despite PIN auxin efflux carriers and the Negative Gravitropic Response of roots (NGR) proteins polarize along statolith sedimentation, thus providing a plausible mechanism for auxin flow redirection. In this study, using a functional NGR1-GFP construct, we visualized the NGR1 localization on the statolith surface and plasma membrane (PM) domains in close proximity to the statoliths, correlating with their movements. We determined that NGR1 binding to these PM domains is indispensable for NGR1 functionality and relies on cysteine acylation and adjacent polybasic regions as well as on lipid and sterol PM composition. Detailed timing of the early events following graviperception suggested that both NGR1 repolarization and initial auxin asymmetry precede the visible PIN3 polarization. This discrepancy motivated us to unveil a rapid, NGR-dependent translocation of PIN-activating AGCVIII kinase D6PK towards lower PMs of gravity-perceiving cells, thus providing an attractive model for rapid redirection of auxin fluxes following gravistimulation.
Allosteric activation of the co-receptor BAK1 by the EFR receptor kinase initiates immune signaling
Authors: Mühlenbeck Henning , Tsutsui Yuko , Lemmon Mark A. , Bender Kyle W. , Zipfel Cyril
Published: November 2023

Transmembrane signaling by plant receptor kinases (RKs) has long been thought to involve reciprocal trans-phosphorylation of their intracellular kinase domains. The fact that many of these are pseudokinase domains, however, suggests that additional mechanisms must govern RK signaling activation. Non-catalytic (pseudo)kinase signaling mechanisms have been described in metazoans, but information is scarce for plants. Recently, a non-catalytic function was reported for the leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-RK subfamily XIIa member EFR (ELONGATION FACTOR TU RECEPTOR) and phosphorylation-dependent conformational changes were proposed to regulate signaling of RKs with non-RD kinase domains. Here, using EFR as a model, we describe a non-catalytic activation mechanism for LRR-RKs with non-RD kinase domains. EFR is an active kinase, but a kinase-dead variant retains the ability to enhance catalytic activity of its co-receptor kinase BAK1/SERK3 (BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1/SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE 3). Applying hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) analysis and designing homology-based intragenic suppressor mutations, we provide evidence that the EFR kinase domain must adopt its active conformation in order to activate BAK1 allosterically, likely by supporting αC-helix positioning in BAK1. Our results suggest a conformational toggle model for signaling, in which BAK1 first phosphorylates EFR in the activation loop to stabilize its active conformation, allowing EFR in turn to allosterically activate BAK1.
Identification of CFAP52 as a novel diagnostic target of male infertility with defects of sperm head-tail connection and flagella development
Authors: Jin Hui-Juan , Ruan Tiechao , Dai Siyu , Geng Xin-Yan , Yang Yihong , Shen Ying , Chen Su-Ren
Published: November 2023

Male infertility is a worldwide population health concern. Asthenoteratozoospermia is a common cause of male infertility, but its etiology remains incompletely understood. No evidence indicates the relevance of CFAP52 mutations to human male infertility. Our whole-exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous mutations in CFAP52 recessively cosegregating with male infertility status in a non-consanguineous Chinese family. Spermatozoa of CFAP52-mutant patient mainly exhibited abnormal head-tail connection and deformed flagella. Cfap52-knockout mice resembled the human infertile phenotype, showing a mixed acephalic spermatozoa syndrome (ASS) and multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) phenotype. The ultrastructural analyses further revealed a failure of connecting piece formation and a serious disorder of ‘9+2’ axoneme structure. CFAP52 interacts with a head-tail coupling regulator SPATA6 and is essential for its stability. Expression of microtubule inner proteins and radial spoke proteins were reduced after the CFAP52 deficiency. Moreover, CFAP52-associated male infertility in humans and mice could be overcome by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The study reveals a prominent role for CFAP52 in sperm development, suggesting that CFAP52 might be a novel diagnostic target for male infertility with defects of sperm head-tail connection and flagella development
Genetic associations between circulating immune cells and periodontitis highlight the prospect of systemic immunoregulation in periodontal care
Authors: Ye Xinjian , Bai Yijing , Li Mengjun , Ye Yuhang , Chen Yitong , Liu Bin , Dai Yuwei , Wang Shan , Pan Weiyi , Wang Zhiyong , Mao Yingying , Chen Qianming
Published: November 2023

Periodontitis drives irreversible destruction of periodontal tissue and is prone to exacerbating inflammatory disorders. Systemic immunomodulatory management continues to be an attractive approach in periodontal care, particularly within the context of ‘predictive, preventive, and personalized’ periodontics. The present study incorporated genetic proxies identified through genome-wide association studies for circulating immune cells and periodontitis into a comprehensive Mendelian randomization (MR) framework. Univariable MR, multivariable MR, subgroup analysis, reverse MR, and Bayesian model averaging (MR-BMA) were utilized to investigate the causal relationships. Furthermore, transcriptome-wide association study and colocalization analysis were deployed to pinpoint the underlying genes. Consequently, the MR study indicated a causal association between circulating neutrophils, natural killer T cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and an elevated risk of periodontitis. MR-BMA analysis revealed that neutrophils were the primary contributors to periodontitis. The high-confidence genes S100A9 and S100A12, located on 1q21.3, could potentially serve as immunomodulatory targets for neutrophil-mediated periodontitis. These findings hold promise for early diagnosis, risk assessment, targeted prevention, and personalized treatment of periodontitis. Considering the marginal association observed in our study, further research is required to comprehend the biological underpinnings and ascertain the clinical relevance thoroughly.
Behavioral dominance interactions between two species of burying beetles (Nicrophorus orbicollis and Nicrophorus pustulatus)
Authors: Vangenne Yohanna D. , Sheppard Brendan , Martin Paul R.
Published: November 2023

Closely related species with ecological similarity often aggressively compete for a common, limited resource. This competition is usually asymmetric and results in one species being behaviorally dominant over the other. Trade-offs between traits for behavioral dominance and alternative strategies can result in different methods of resource acquisition between the dominant and subordinate species, with important consequences for resource partitioning and community structure. Body size is a key trait thought to commonly determine behavioral dominance. Priority effects (i.e., which species arrives at the resource first), however, can also determine the outcome of interactions, as can species-specific traits besides size that give an advantage in aggressive contests (e.g., weapons). Here, we test among these three alternative hypotheses of body size, priority effects, and species identity for what determines the outcome of competitive interactions among two species of burying beetles, Nicrophorus orbicollis and N. pustulatus. Both overlap in habitat and seasonality and exhibit aggressive competition over a shared breeding resource of small vertebrate carrion. In trials, we simulated what would happen upon the beetles’ discovery of a carcass in nature by placing a carcass and one beetle of each species in a container and observing interactions over 13 h trials (n = 17 trials). We recorded and categorized interactions between beetles and the duration each individual spent in contact with the carcass (the key resource) to determine which hypothesis predicted trial outcomes. Body size was our only significant predictor; the largest species won most aggressive interactions and spent more time in contact with the carcass. Our results offer insight into the ecology and patterns of resource partitioning of N. orbicollis and N. pustulatus, the latter of which is unique among local Nicrophorus for being a canopy specialist. N. pustulatus is also unique among all Nicrophorus in using snake eggs, in addition to other carrion, as a breeding resource. Our results highlight the importance of body size and related trade-offs in ecology and suggest parallels with other coexisting species and communities.
Individual and combined ecotoxic effects of water-soluble polymers
Authors: Hisar Olcay , Oehlmann Jörg
Published: November 2023

Water-soluble polymers (WSPs) are a class of high-molecular-weight compounds which are widely used in several applications, including water treatment, food processing, and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, they pose a potential threat for water resources and aquatic ecosystems. We assessed the ecotoxicity of four WSPs—non-ionic polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyethylene glycol (PEG-200), anionic homopolymer of acrylic acid (P-AA), and cationic polyquaternium-6 (PQ-6)—as single compounds and in mixture. For this purpose in vitro and in vivo assays were used to record baseline toxicity, mutagenic potential, endocrine effects, and growth inhibition in the freshwater alga Raphidocelis subcapitata. Furthermore, the mixture toxicity of the two polymers P-AA and PQ-6 which showed effects in the algae tests was evaluated with the concentration addition (CA), independent action (IA), and generalized concentration addition (GCA) model and compared with experimental data. No toxic effects were observed among the polymers and their mixtures in the in vitro assays. On the contrary, in the growth inhibition test with R. subcapitata the cationic PQ-6 caused high inhibition while the anionic P-AA and its mixture with the cationic polymer caused low inhibition. The non-ionic polymers PEG-200 and PAM showed no effect in R. subcapitata in the tested concentration range up to 100 mg/L. The IA model represented the mixture effect of the combination experiment better than the CA and GCA models. The results indicate (1) that the toxic effects of anionic and cationic polymers are most likely due to interactions of the polymers with the surfaces of organisms or with nutrients in the water and (2) that the polymers elicit their effects through different mechanisms of action that do not interact with each other.
Genomic analyses indicate resilience of a commercially and culturally important marine gastropod snail to climate change
Authors: Nimbs Matt J. , Champion Curtis , Lobos Simon E. , Malcolm Hamish A. , Miller Adam D. , Seinor Kate , Smith Stephen D.A. , Knott Nathan , Wheeler David , Coleman Melinda A.
Published: November 2023

Genomic vulnerability analyses are being increasingly used to assess the adaptability of species to climate change and provide an opportunity for proactive management of harvested marine species in changing oceans. Southeastern Australia is a climate change hotspot where many marine species are shifting poleward. The turban snail, Turbo militaris is a commercially and culturally harvested marine gastropod snail from eastern Australia. The species has exhibited a climate-driven poleward range shift over the last two decades presenting an ongoing challenge for sustainable fisheries management. We investigate the impact of future climate change on T. militaris using genotype-by-sequencing to project patterns of gene flow and local adaptation across its range under climate change scenarios. A single admixed, and potentially panmictic, demographic unit was revealed with no evidence of genetic subdivision across the species range. Significant genotype associations with heterogeneous habitat features were observed, including associations with sea surface temperature, ocean currents, and nutrients, indicating possible adaptive genetic differentiation. These findings suggest that standing genetic variation may be available for selection to counter future environmental change, assisted by widespread gene flow, high fecundity and short generation time in this species. We discuss the findings of this study in the content of future fisheries management and conservation.
Tecnologias adotadas para a melhoria da fertilidade do solo e a produção de forragem pela variedade de cana-de-açúcar RB867515, em cinco cortes
Authors: De Oliveira Mauro Wagner , Bhatt Rajan , Santos Dalmo de Freitas , Franco Júnior Cícero Luíz , Paes Reinaldo de Alencar , Gava Glauber José de Castro , Patrício Cleiton de Andrade
Published: November 2023

No presente trabalho foram avaliadas as tecnologias adotadas para a produção de cana-de-açúcar em uma fazenda produtora de leite localizada no munícipio de Mercês, zona da Mata Mineira. São descritas as principais técnicas empregadas para a implantação e condução do canavial, incluindo os critérios adotados para a calagem, a gessagem, adubação química de plantio e das rebrotas. A variedade de cana utilizada foi a RB867515, atualmente a mais cultivada na região, devido ao seu alto potencial produtivo. Foram avaliadas a produção de forragem, a produção de colmos industrializáveis e a produção de açúcar, em cinco cortes: da cana-planta à quarta rebrota. A produtividade média dos cincos cortes foi de 117 t de matéria natural por hectare, 36 t de matéria seca por hectare e 12,94 t ha-1 de açúcar. A produtividade da cana de quarta rebrota foi 62% da produtividade da cana-planta e, para todas as variáveis analisadas o coeficiente de variação foi inferior a 10%, indicando homogeneidade do canavial. Pode-se concluir que os critérios adotados para a correção do solo, para a adubação da cana-planta e das rebrotas e, para o manejo do canavial, permitiram obter alta produtividade no ciclo de cana-planta, com pequenos decréscimos nos cortes subsequentes.
Implementing Abstraction Ability Literacy in Junior High School Mathematics Classroom Teaching: Strategies to Apply
Authors: Sun Qin , Yang Zezhong
Published: November 2023

As one of the core literacies of mathematics at the junior high school level, the abstraction ability literacy is attracting widespread attention. Classroom teaching has always been the mainstay of subject teaching and is the main way for students to acquire knowledge and skills. Therefore, how to implement abstraction ability literacy through classroom teaching is a problem worth studying. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the abstraction ability in Mathematics Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education (2022 Edition) by theoretical research methods. Based on the definition and requirements, the current situation of mathematics classroom teaching is clarified, and four strategies for implementing abstraction ability literacy in classroom teaching are proposed: (1) Combining problem scenarios, letting students experience the process of generating mathematical knowledge; (2) Carefully designing practice topics, carrying out homogeneous and variant training, and strictly regulating mathematical language expression; (3) Organizing interdisciplinary comprehensive practical activities centered on mathematics; (4) Flexibly using modern information technology to assist classroom teaching. Hopefully, it can provide new ideas for junior high school mathematics classroom teaching.
Analysis of Affirmative Actions and Gender Equality in the Policy of Education Institutions: The Selected Cases in Tanzanian Universities
Authors: Shemahonge Zaujia , Kyando Newton M.
Published: November 2023

Aim: Gender inequality in leadership positions is a tragedy in Tanzanian Universities. Thus, universities are resorting to developing gender policies to address the imbalance between males and females in leadership positions. Nevertheless, it is unclear at this time what do policies say about the issue of gender imbalance in leadership and what affirmative measures the policies propose to take to fix it.

Methods: This research used thematic analysis technique to analyze four universities gender policies in order to understand the embedded affirmative actions aimed at reducing gender inequality in leadership positions in universities.

Results: The affirmative actions identified in the policies related to recruitment, outreach activities, special entry and scholarships for girls, searching leaders and capacity building and support.

Conclusion: The study concluded that gender policies just include the intention to take affirmative actions against gender inequality but it is unclear from the policies whether the actions were implemented and how effective the actions are.
Adding hydrophobicity or positive charges to the cytosolic half of the α‐synuclein 3–11 helix increases membrane association and S129 phosphorylation
Authors: Shimanaka Kazuma , Shi Bryan , Brontesi Lisa , Alnakhala Heba , Jayanthi Vidyashree , Subramanian Kanagaraj , Ramalingam Nagendran , Tripathi Arati , Dettmer Ulf
Published: November 2023

The neuronal protein α‐synuclein is centrally involved in the neurodegeneration occurring in Parkinson's disease and related synucleinopathies. α‐Synuclein's membrane‐induced 3–11 helix conformation has a hydrophobic membrane‐embedded half and a hydrophilic cytosolic half. Here, we studied the significance of (a) the surprising hydrophobicity of amino‐acids at cytosol‐exposed helix position 8; (b) the absence of positively charged lysine/arginine from all cytosol‐exposed positions (1‐5‐8‐9). We found that (a) further increasing hydrophobicity or adding lysine, but not glutamate, at position 8 augments both membrane interaction and S129 phosphorylation; (b) adding lysines at cytosol‐exposed positions 1, 5, 8, or 9 has similar effects. Variants abundantly present in membranes by biochemical fractionation markedly colocalized with transferrin‐receptor (an endosomal marker) in immunofluorescence‐microscopy, indicating accumulation at vesicle membranes. Thus, we observed a striking correlation between membrane attraction and S129 phosphorylation, relevant for understanding α‐synuclein biology in health and disease.