bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Tectonic Subsidence on Basin Depth and Delta Lobe Building
Authors: Dong Tian Y. , Nittrouer Jeffrey A. , Carlson Brandee , McElroy Brandon , Il’icheva Elena , Pavlov Maksim , Ma Hongbo
Published: January 2023

Channel avulsions on river deltas are the primary means to distribute sediment and build land at the coastline. Many studies have detailed how avulsions generate delta lobes, whereby multiple lobes amalgamate to form a fan‐shaped deposit. These studies often assume a steady subsidence and uniform basin depth. In nature, however, lobe building is disrupted by variable subsidence, and progradation of lobes into basins with variable depth: conditions that are prevalent for tectonically active areas. Herein, we explore sediment dispersal and deposition patterns across scales using measurements of delta and basin morphology compiled from field surveys and remote sensing, collected over 150 years, from the Selenga Delta (Baikal Rift Zone), Russia. Tectonic subsidence events, associated with earthquakes on normal faults crossing the delta, displace portions of the topset several meters below mean lake level. This allogenic process increases regional river gradient and triggers lobe‐switching avulsions. The timescale for these episodes is shorter than the predicted autogenic lobe avulsion timescale. During quiescent periods between subsidence events, channel‐scale avulsions occur relatively frequently because of in‐channel sediment aggradation, dispersing sediment to regional lows of the delta. Avulsion settings for the Selenga Delta preserve discrete stratal packages that could contain predominately deep channels. Exploring the interplay between tectonic subsidence and sediment accumulation patterns will improve interpretations of stratigraphy from active margins and basin models.
Multiwave Structure of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Excited by the Tonga Volcanic Eruptions Observed by a Dense GNSS Network in China
Authors: Li Xiaolin , Ding Feng , Yue Xinan , Mao Tian , Xiong Bo , Song Qian
Published: January 2023

We used dense global navigation satellite system data from China to track the propagation of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) triggered by the 2022 January 15 Tonga volcanic eruption. We identified two TIDs originating from the eruption. One, which has been reported widely by a number of recent investigations, had a velocity of ∼361 m/s. However, another long‐distance propagating TID with a velocity of ∼264 m/s has not been widely discussed. The velocities of these TIDs coincide with previous simulation results of gravity‐wave L0 and L1 modes. We propose that these TIDs were caused by the L0 and L1 ducted modes of gravity waves excited by the volcanic eruption. However, the L1 mode is usually negligible due to its weak amplitude in comparison with that of the L0 mode. The enormous energy release resulted in a stronger amplitude of the L1 mode, which induced a detectable TID in the ionosphere.
Chronic MAP4343 reverses escalated alcohol drinking in a mouse model of alcohol use disorder
Authors: Macedo Giovana C. , Kreifeldt Max , Goulding Scott P. , Okhuarobo Agbonlahor , Sidhu Harpreet , Contet Candice
Published: January 2023

Alcohol use disorders can be driven by negative reinforcement. Alterations of the microtubule cytoskeleton have been associated with mood regulation in the context of depression. Notably, MAP4343, a pregnenolone derivative known to promote tubulin assembly, has antidepressant properties. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that MAP4343 may reduce excessive alcohol drinking in a mouse model of alcohol dependence by normalizing affect during withdrawal. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were given limited access to voluntary alcohol drinking and ethanol intake escalation was induced by chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) vapor inhalation. Chronic, but not acute, administration of MAP4343 reduced ethanol intake and this effect was more pronounced in CIE-exposed mice. There was a complex interaction between the effects of MAP4343 and alcohol on affective behaviors. In the elevated plus maze, chronic MAP4343 tended to increase open-arm exploration in alcohol-naive mice but reduced it in alcohol-withdrawn mice. In the tail suspension test, chronic MAP4343 reduced immobility selectively in Air-exposed alcohol-drinking mice. Finally, chronic MAP4343 countered the plasma corticosterone reduction induced by CIE. Parallel analysis of tubulin post-translational modifications revealed lower α-tubulin acetylation in the medial prefrontal cortex of CIE-withdrawn mice. Altogether, these data support the relevance of microtubules as a therapeutic target for the treatment of AUD.
Personalized matched targeted therapy in advanced pancreatic cancer: a pilot cohort analysis
Authors: Shaya Justin , Kato Shumei , Adashek Jacob J. , Patel Hitendra , Fanta Paul T. , Botta Gregory P. , Sicklick Jason K. , Kurzrock Razelle
Published: January 2023

Despite progress, 2-year pancreatic cancer survival remains dismal. We evaluated a biomarker-driven, combination/N-of-one strategy in 18 patients (advanced/metastatic pancreatic cancer) (from Molecular Tumor Board). Targeted agents administered/patient = 2.5 (median) (range, 1–4); first-line therapy (N = 5); second line, (N = 13). Comparing patients (high versus low degrees of matching) (matching score ≥50% versus <50%; reflecting number of alterations matched to targeted agents divided by number of pathogenic alterations), survival was significantly longer (hazard ratio [HR] 0.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.078–0.76,P = 0.016); clinical benefit rates (CBR) (stable disease ≥6 months/partial/complete response) trended higher (45.5 vs 0.0%,P = 0.10); progression-free survival, HR, 95% CI, 0.36 (0.12–1.10) (p = 0.075). First versus ≥2nd-line therapy had higher CBRs (80.0 vs 7.7%,P = 0.008). No grade 3–4 toxicities occurred. The longest responder achieved partial remission (17.5 months) by co-targeting MEK and CDK4/6 alterations (chemotherapy-free). Therefore, genomically matched targeted agent combinations were active in these advanced pancreatic cancers. Larger prospective trials are warranted.
Multi-scale mechanical properties of bulk-heterojunction films in polymer solar cells
Authors: Zhong Tian , Guo Feng , Lei Shiyun , Xiao Biao , Li Qingduan , Jia Tao , Wang Xunchang , Yang Renqiang
Published: January 2023

The mechanical properties of bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) films play critical roles in the operational stability of flexible polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this study, the multi-scale mechanical properties of the BHJ films containing three representative electron acceptors are systematically evaluated. Interestingly, the tensile moduli of the films based on PC71BM, Y6, and PRi-C39 decrease sequentially, and their fracture strain and toughness show an increasing trend. Moreover, the nanoindentation moduli of the films based on these acceptors vary in accordance with the results of tensile characterizations. Creep analyses illustrate that the occurrence of creep deformation in the PC71BM, Y6, and PRi-C39-based films decrease sequentially. Contact angle tests demonstrate that the donor-acceptor interactions greatly affect the mechanical properties of these films. All results above demonstrate the effects of acceptor type on the multi-scale mechanical properties of the BHJ films, which are important for the development of reliable flexible PSCs.
Effects of altered N-glycan structures of Cryptococcus neoformans mannoproteins, MP98 (Cda2) and MP84 (Cda3), on interaction with host cells
Authors: Lee Su-Bin , Mota Catia , Thak Eun Jung , Kim Jungho , Son Ye Ji , Oh Doo-Byoung , Kang Hyun Ah
Published: January 2023

Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen causing lethal meningoencephalitis. It has several cell wall mannoproteins (MPs) identified as immunoreactive antigens. To investigate the structure and function of N-glycans assembled on cryptococcal cell wall MPs in host cell interactions, we purified MP98 (Cda2) and MP84 (Cda3) expressed in wild-type (WT) and N-glycosylation-defective alg3 mutant (alg3Δ) strains. HPLC and MALDI-TOF analysis of the MP proteins from the WT revealed protein-specific glycan structures with different extents of hypermannosylation and xylose/xylose phosphate addition. In alg3Δ, MP98 and MP84 had truncated core N-glycans, containing mostly five and seven mannoses (M5 and M7 forms), respectively. In vitro adhesion and uptake assays indicated that the altered core N-glycans did not affect adhesion affinities to host cells although the capacity to induce the immune response of bone-marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) decreased. Intriguingly, the removal of all N-glycosylation sites on MP84 increased adhesion to host cells and enhanced the induction of cytokine secretion from BMDCs compared with that on MP84 carrying WT N-glycans. Therefore, the structure-dependent effects of N-glycans suggested their complex roles in modulating the interaction of MPs with host cells to avoid nonspecific adherence to host cells and host immune response hyperactivation.
Identification of a cantilever beam’s spatially uncertain stiffness
Authors: Hoppe Karl-Alexander , Kronthaler Martin G. T. , Sepahvand Kian , Marburg Steffen
Published: January 2023

This study identifies non-homogeneous stiffnesses in a non-destructive manner from simulated noisy measurements of a structural response. The finite element method serves as a discretization for the respective cantilever beam example problems: static loading and modal analysis. Karhunen–Loève expansions represent the stiffness random fields. We solve the inverse problems using Bayesian inference on the Karhunen–Loève coefficients, hereby introducing a novel resonance frequency method. The flexible descriptions of both the structural stiffness uncertainty and the measurement noise characteristics allow for straightforward adoption to measurement setups and a range of non-homogeneous materials. Evaluating the inversion performance for varying stiffness covariance functions shows that the static analysis procedure outperforms the modal analysis procedure in a mean sense. However, the solution quality depends on the position within the beam for the static analysis approach, while the confidence interval height remains constant along the beam for the modal analysis. An investigation of the effect of the signal-to-noise ratio reveals that the static loading procedure yields lower errors than the dynamic procedure for the chosen configuration with ideal boundary conditions.
Investigating ethanol production using the Zymomonas mobilis crude extract
Authors: Aminian Amirhossein , Motamedian Ehsan
Published: January 2023

Cell-free systems have become valuable investigating tools for metabolic engineering research due to their easy access to metabolism without the interference of the membrane. Therefore, we applied Zymomonas mobilis cell-free system to investigate whether ethanol production is controlled by the genes of the metabolic pathway or is limited by cofactors. Initially, different glucose concentrations were added to the extract to determine the crude extract's capability to produce ethanol. Then, we investigated the genes of the metabolic pathway to find the limiting step in the ethanol production pathway. Next, to identify the bottleneck gene, a systemic approach was applied based on the integration of gene expression data on a cell-free metabolic model. ZMO1696 was determined as the bottleneck gene and an activator for its enzyme was added to the extract to experimentally assess its effect on ethanol production. Then the effect of NAD+ addition at the high concentration of glucose (1 M) was evaluated, which indicates no improvement in efficiency. Finally, the imbalance ratio of ADP/ATP was found as the controlling factor by measuring ATP levels in the extract. Furthermore, sodium gluconate as a carbon source was utilized to investigate the expansion of substrate consumption by the extract. 100% of the maximum theoretical yield was obtained at 0.01 M of sodium gluconate while it cannot be consumed by Z. mobilis. This research demonstrated the challenges and advantages of using Z. mobilis crude extract for overproduction.
Experimental realization of a 12,000-finesse laser cavity based on a low-noise microstructured mirror
Authors: Dickmann Johannes , Sauer Steffen , Meyer Jan , Gaedtke Mika , Siefke Thomas , Brückner Uwe , Plentz Jonathan , Kroker Stefanie
Published: January 2023

The most precise measurement tools of humankind are equipped with ultra-stable lasers. State-of-the-art laser stabilization techniques are based on external cavities, that are limited by noise originated in the coatings of the cavity mirrors. Microstructured mirror coatings (so-called meta-mirrors) are a promising technology to overcome the limitations of coating noise and therewith pave the way towards next-generation ultra-stable lasers. We present experimental realization of a 12,000-finesse optical cavity based on one low-noise meta-mirror. The use of the mirrors studied here in cryogenic silicon cavities represents an order of magnitude reduction in the current limiting mirror noise, such that the stability limit due to fundamental noise can be reduced to 5 × 10−18.
Research progress in decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogels for intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Peng Bing , Du Lilong , Zhang Tongxing , Chen Jiangping , Xu Baoshan
Published: January 2023

This review describes the classification of hydrogels, the methods of production of decellularised extracellular matrix (dECM) and the methods of gel formation. Finally, the role of dECM hydrogels in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration is summarized.
A Rh-catalyzed isomerization of 1-alkenes to (E)-2-alkenes: from a homogeneous Rh/PPh3 catalyst to a heterogeneous Rh/POP-PPh3-SO3Na catalyst
Authors: Liu Ziqi , Song Jiaxin , Zhang Yushuang , Sun Shuhui , Kun Zhe , Chen Jianbin , Xie Congxia , Jia Xiaofei
Published: January 2023

An efficient homogeneous Rh/PPh3 catalyst and a reusable heterogeneous Rh/POP-PPh3-SO3Na catalyst have been developed for the isomerization of 1-alkenes to (E)-2-alkenes, respectively.
Integrated carbon nanotube and triazine-based covalent organic framework composites for high capacitance performance
Authors: Liu Lei , Cui Di , Zhang Shuran , Xie Wei , Yao Chan , Xu Yanhong
Published: January 2023

Combing carboxylic acid-functionalized carbon nanotubes with triazine-based covalent organic frameworks for supercapacitor electrode materials with high specific capacitance performance.
Synthesis of hierarchical Cd-Ni-MOF micro/nanostructures and derived Cd-Ni-MOF/CdS/NiS hybrid photocatalysts for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Wang Jian , Niu Lu , Huang Huichuan , Miao Jingjing , Wei Aili , Zhang Wanggang , Liu Yiming
Published: January 2023

A series of hierarchical Cd-Ni-MOF micro/nanostructures were fabricated, and the samples which were composed of thin nanosheets alone exhibited the best photocatalytic H2 evolution rate.
Sulfur(vi) fluorides as tools in biomolecular and medicinal chemistry
Authors: Carneiro Sabrina N. , Khasnavis Samuel R. , Lee Jisun , Butler Todd W. , Majmudar Jaimeen D. , am Ende Christopher W. , Ball Nicholas D.
Published: January 2023

This review highlights key advances in the synthesis and biomolecular applications of sulfur(vi)-fluorides.
Diastereoselective synthesis of polycyclic indolinesviadearomative [4 + 2] cycloaddition of 3-nitroindoles withortho-aminophenylp-quinone methides
Authors: Zhou Shun , Qian Hui-Ling , Zhao Jian-Qiang , You Yong , Wang Zhen-Hua , Yin Jun-Qing , Zhang Yan-Ping , Chen Ming-Feng , Yuan Wei-Cheng
Published: January 2023

The first dearomative [4 + 2] cycloaddition of 3-nitroindoles withortho-aminophenylp-QMs was developed, affording a series of structurally diverse tetrahydro-5H-indolo[2,3-b]quinolones with good results.
Enhanced ultra violet resistance of epoxy nanocomposites filled with liquid-like graphene oxide/silicon dioxide nanofluid
Authors: Yang Ruilu , Zhang Qi , Zheng Yaping , Shi Jian , Li Mengzhi
Published: January 2023

The epoxy nanocomposites filled with liquid-like GO/SiO2nanofluid can effectively reduce the loss of bending strength of the epoxy nanocomposites resulting from UV irradiation and improve the UV resistance of the epoxy nanocomposites.
A review on the synthesis of metal oxide nanomaterials by microwave induced solution combustion
Authors: Yin Ziyang , Li Si , Li Xiang , Shi Wuyang , Liu Wei , Gao Zhengxia , Tao Mengya , Ma Chengliang , Liu Yuan
Published: January 2023

Microwave-induced solution combustion synthesis is a new method of nanomaterials preparation based on traditional solution combustion synthesis. The method can rapidly prepare a wide variety of nanomaterials.
Ni-catalyzed arylation of alkynes with organoboronic acids and aldehydes to access stereodefined allylic alcohols
Authors: Tao Si-Chen , Meng Fan-Cheng , Wang Tie , Zheng Yan-Long
Published: January 2023

A direct, efficient and practical method for the three-component arylative coupling of aldehydes (or the corresponding alcohols), alkynes and arylboronic acids has been developed through nickel catalysis.
Confined active matter in external fields
Authors: Shaik Vaseem A. , Peng Zhiwei , Brady John F. , Elfring Gwynn J.
Published: January 2023

We analyze a dilute suspension of active particles confined between walls and subjected to fields that can modulate particle speed as well as orientation.
A textile-reinforced composite vascular graft that modulates macrophage polarization and enhances endothelial cell migration, adhesion and proliferation in vitro
Authors: Zhang Fan , Tao Hui , Gluck Jessica M. , Wang Lu , Daneshmand Mani A. , King Martin W.
Published: January 2023

We engineered a textile-reinforced hydrogel vascular graft. The textile provides robustness while the hydrogel promotes endothelial cell attachment and growth. The composite enhanced macrophage activation, which increased endothelial cell migration.
The role of surface topography in the self-assembly of polymeric surfactants
Authors: Liu Meng , Farrell James D. , Zhang Xianren , Dobnikar Jure , Angioletti-Uberti Stefano
Published: January 2023

We propose a classical density functional theory model to study the self-assembly of polymeric surfactants on curved surfaces.
Hidden traces of chirality in the fluctuations of a fully unwound cholesteric
Authors: Poy Guilhem
Published: January 2023

I show here that chirality introduces twist in the fluctuations of a fully unwound cholesteric layer, which are characterized by a critical slowing down of the decay frequencies when the concentrationCof chiral molecules is increased.
Silylation: a reproducible method for characterization of non-extractable residues (NER) of organic chemicals in the assessment of persistence
Authors: Hennecke Dieter , Kruse Mike , Bräutigam Joana , Meisterjahn Boris , Klein Judith , Claßen Daniela , Trapp Stefan , Kästner Matthias , Brock Andreas Libonati , Schäffer Andreas
Published: January 2023

NER, a hidden hazard or a safe sink–we are going to find that out!
Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts Solutions: A Tutorial
Authors: Heilmann John , Miller Jon F.
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

In the early 1980s, researchers and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) collaborated to develop the Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (SALT). Research and development over the ensuing decades has culminated into SALT Solutions, a set of tools to assist SLPs to efficiently complete language sample analysis (LSA) with their clients. In this tutorial, we describe how SALT can assist with the accurate identification of children with language disorders and provide a rich description of children's functional language use. After summarizing the multiple elicitation methods developed by the SALT team, we provide case studies, showing how to select an elicitation method that aligns with a child's characteristics. We then summarize major considerations when transcribing, analyzing, and interpreting language samples with SALT. We revisit our case studies to illustrate how SALT adds value to the comprehensive assessment of language in children.

Conclusions:

LSA is a powerful assessment tool for children suspected of having language disorders. The SALT suite of solutions provides a toolkit to assist SLPs with their comprehensive language assessments.
Retracted: Anomaly detection with ensemble empirical mode decomposition and approximate entropy for quick user datagram protocol internet connection‐based distributed Blockchain systems
Authors: Cao Yuanlong , Gu Keyang , Wu Junyi , Zou Xiang , Tao Lei , Huang Xin , Jiang Changgen
Published: January 2023

Retraction: [Yuanlong Cao, Keyang Gu, Junyi Wu, Xiang Zou, Lei Tao, Xin Huang, Changgen Jiang, Anomaly detection with ensemble empirical mode decomposition and approximate entropy for quick user datagram protocol internet connection‐based distributed Blockchain systems, IET Software 2023 (https://doi.org/10.1049/sfw2.12096)].

The above article from IET Software, published online on 20 January 2023 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the Editor‐in‐Chief, Hana Chockler, the Institution of Engineering and Technology (the IET) and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. This article was published as part of a Guest Edited special issue. Following an investigation, the IET and the journal have determined that the article was not reviewed in line with the journal’s peer review standards and there is evidence that the peer review process of the special issue underwent systematic manipulation. Accordingly, we cannot vouch for the integrity or reliability of the content. As such we have taken the decision to retract the article. The authors have been informed of the decision to retract.
Multi-frequency VLBI observations of maser lines during the 6.7 GHz maser flare in the high-mass young stellar object G24.33+0.14
Authors: Kobak A. , Bartkiewicz A. , Szymczak M. , Olech M. , Durjasz M. , Wolak P. , Chibueze J. O. , Hirota T. , Eislöffel J. , Stecklum B. , Sobolev A. , Bayandina O. , Orosz G. , Burns R. A. , Kim K.-T. , van den Heever S. P.
Published: January 2023

Context. Recent studies have shown that 6.7 GHz methanol maser flares can be a powerful tool for verifying the mechanisms of maser production and even the specific signatures of accretion rate changes in the early stages of high-mass star formation.

Aims. We characterize the spatial structure and evolution of methanol and water masers during a flare of methanol maser emission at 6.7 GHz in the high-mass young stellar object (HMYSO) G24.33+0.14.

Methods. Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) was used to image the 6.7 and 12.2 GHz methanol and 22.2 GHz water vapor masers at three epochs guided by monitoring the methanol line with the Torun 32m telescope. The 6.7 GHz maser maps were also obtained with the European VLBI Network (EVN) and Long Baseline Array (LBA) during the flare. The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) data were used to find correlations between the 6.7 GHz maser and infrared (IR) fluxes.

Results. The 6.7 GHz methanol maser cloudlets are distributed over ~3500 au, and the morphology of most of them is stable although their brightness varies following the course of the total flux density on a timescale of two months. The 12.2 GHz methanol maser cloudlets cover an area an order of magnitude smaller than that of 6.7 GHz emission, and both transitions emerge from the same masing gas. The 22.2 GHz maser cloudlets lie in the central region and show a systematic increase in brightness and moderate changes in size and orientation, together with the velocity drift of the strongest cloudlet during two months of the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observing period. Time lag estimates imply the propagation of changes in the physical conditions of the masing region with a subluminal speed (~0.3c). A tight correlation of IR (4.6 μm) and 6.7 GHz flux densities is found, supporting the radiative pumping model. Proper motion analysis does not reveal any signs of expansion or inflow of the methanol cloudlets within ~6 mas over ~10 yr. Comparison with the 230 GHz Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) data indicates that the methanol masers are distributed in the inner part of the rotating disk, whereas the 22.2 GHz emission traces the compact inner component of the bipolar outflow or a jet structure.

Conclusions. The maser morphology in the target is remarkably stable over the course of the flare and is similar to the quiescent state, possibly due to less energetic accretion events that can repeat on a timescale of ~8 yr.
Long-term optical variability of the Be/X-ray binary GRO J2058+42
Authors: Reig P. , Tzouvanou A. , Blinov D. , Pantoulas V.
Published: January 2023

Context. GRO J2058+42 is a transient hard X-ray pulsar that occasionally goes into outburst. The optical counterpart is a poorly studied OB-type companion.

Aims. We investigate the long-term optical variability of the Be/X-ray binary GRO J2058+42 and the possible connection with periods of enhanced X-ray activity.

Methods. We performed an optical spectroscopic and photometric analysis on data collected during about 18 yr. We also present the first optical polarimetric observations of this source.

Results. The long-term optical light curves in the BVRI bands and the evolution of the Hα equivalent width display a sinusoidal pattern with maxima and minima that repeat every ∼9.5 yr. The amplitude of this variability increases as the wavelength increases from 0.3 mag in the B band to 0.7 in the I band. The Hα equivalent width varied from about −0.3 to −15 Å. We found a significant decrease in the polarization degree during the low optical state. The intrinsic polarization degree changed by ∼1% from maximum to minimum. The optical maxima occur near periods of enhanced X-ray activity and are followed by a drop in the optical emission. Unlike many other Be/X-ray binaries, GRO J2058+42 does not display V/R variability.

Conclusions. The long-term optical variability agrees with the standard model of a Be/X-ray binary, where the circumstellar disk of the Be star grows and dissipates on timescales of 9−10 yr. We find that the dissipation of the disk started after a major X-ray outburst. However, the stability of the Hα line shape as a double-peak profile and the lack of asymmetries suggest the absence of a warped disk and argue against the presence of a highly distorted disk during major X-ray outbursts.
Hematite based ultrafiltration membrane prepared from pyrrhotite ash waste for textile wastewater treatment
Authors: Hatimi Badreddine , Bensemlali Meryem , Hafdi Houyem , Mouldar Jihan , Loudiki Abdelwahed , Joudi Meriam , Aarfane Abdellatif , Nasrellah Hamid , El Mhammedi Moulay Abderrahim , Bakasse Mina
Published: January 2023

An α-Fe2O3 ultrafiltration (UF) inorganic membrane was synthesized based on pyrrhotite ash solid waste resulting from mining activities and natural clay via spreading a metal–organic complex sheet on a microfiltration (MF) ceramic support. The MF-support was prepared by mixing pyrrhotite ash with natural clay. The pyrrhotite ash was also deployed in the preparation of the metal–organic complex. The membrane composition, structure, morphology were studied via X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy respectively, and operating parameters such as water permeability, and flexural strength were also investigated. The MF support showed a water permeability of 2.37 × 10−6 m3/s. m2. kPa while the UF membrane exhibited a permeability of 2.49 × 10−7 m3/s. m2. kPa. Furthermore, the elaborated MF support and UF membrane were tested in the treatment of two types of textile wastewaters of reactive and dispersed nature. The results showed that the combination of the MF support and UF membrane in cascade filtration led to an elimination rate of 99% and 94% of turbidity and chemical oxygen demand, respectively, in the case of the two chosen wastewaters.
Le verre : un matériau éternel
Authors: Roux Didier
Published: January 2023

L’ambition de cet article est d’illustrer, à travers quelques faits historiques et propriétés du verre, les liens entre science, technologie et innovation. En décrivant ce matériau aux propriétés extraordinaires, on en profitera pour présenter de façon très simple les principes physiques permettant de comprendre sa nature et ses propriétés. À chaque fois, on donnera une illustration prise dans la vie courante ou liée à une histoire des propriétés du verre.

Les riches documentations des archives des sociétés Saint-Gobain et Corning apportent un complément illustratif : www.saint-gobain350ans.com/#!/fr, www.cmog.org/francais.
Le verre est-il une phase de la matière ?
Authors: Guiselin Benjamin , Berthier Ludovic
Published: January 2023

Quoi de plus usuel que le verre ? Nous portons des lunettes, nos conversations sont transmises par fibres optiques, nos villes sont peuplées d’immeubles aux façades de verre. L’existence du verre est tangible dans notre vie quotidienne. Et pourtant… Du point de vue microscopique, la structure du verre ressemble à celle du liquide à partir duquel il a été obtenu, mais le verre est indéniablement aussi rigide qu’un matériau cristallin sans en avoir la structure ordonnée.

La définition du verre en tant que phase de la matière obtenue au travers d’une transition de phase s’accompagnant de la brisure de symétrie d’un paramètre d’ordre macroscopique reste un problème fondamental ouvert. Alors, existe-t-il une phase « verre » ?
Le verre : fragile ou ductile ?
Authors: Barthel Étienne , Deschamps Thierry , Kermouche Guillaume , Martinet Christine , Molnar Gergely , Tanguy Anne
Published: January 2023

Les verres usuels, dits « silicatés », sont des matériaux irremplaçables car transparents, rigides et de faible cout. Mais ils ont un talon d’Achille : leur résistance mécanique, à tel point qu’ils sont l’archétype même du matériau fragile, qui reste élastique jusqu’à rupture. Cependant, à la fin des années 1940, on a observé avec étonnement que leur indentation à l’échelle du micromètre laisse une empreinte, trace incontestable d’une déformation plastique !

Réconcilier cette plasticité à l’échelle locale avec l’idée de rupture fragile reste une question ouverte, tant la description de l’écoulement plastique dans les amorphes est complexe. La conjonction de nouvelles techniques expérimentales et numériques a permis des progrès que nous décrivons ici.
Verres de chalcogénures pour le stockage de l’information
Authors: Piarristeguy Andrea , Noé Pierre , Hippert Françoise
Published: January 2023

Certains verres de chalcogénures, alliages contenant au moins un des éléments chalcogènes (soufre, sélénium, tellure), ont suscité une attention croissante au fil des ans en raison de leur large éventail d’applications, allant de l’optique infrarouge aux mémoires non volatiles optiques et résistives. Ces dernières utilisent la capacité de certains chalcogénures à commuter rapidement et de manière réversible entre une phase amorphe fortement résistive et une phase cristalline métallique, lorsqu’on leur applique des impulsions électriques qui chauffent localement le matériau.

À partir de l’analyse du fonctionnement d’une mémoire résistive à changement de phase utilisant deux types de verres de chalcogénures, nous présentons les propriétés physiques de ces derniers ainsi que des recherches menées actuellement pour poursuivre leur optimisation.
Radiation Safety for Anesthesiologists and Other Personnel on Simultaneous PET/MRI: Possible Radiation Exposure from Patients While Performing Prolonged Duration Scans
Authors: Nagaraj Chandana , Joshi Raman K. , Kumar Dinesh , R. Gopinath , Chakrabarti Dhritiman , Singh Pardeep K. , Mangalore Sandhya , Venkatapura Ramesh
Published: January 2023

This observational study was conducted owing to the challenges of the positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) that requires longer duration scanning of radiopharmaceutical injected patient and added MRI environment. The aim of this study was to assess radiation dose at different distances from the patient and the radiation burden to anesthesiologist and other personnel in performing PET/MRI under general anesthesia or sedation. First, the pre- and postscan whole body radiation exposure (WBE) from the patient were obtained for 45 minutes (n = 109) after injection of the radiopharmaceutical. The WBE was obtained at specific distances from brain (10, 30, and 100 cm) and abdomen (10 and 30cm) of patients undergoing F18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MRI brain or whole body studies. Second, WBE of the anesthesiologist and other staff working was separately measured using pocket dosimeters during the whole procedure. In brain scans, the mean absorbed dose rates (ADR) of prescan (45 minutes) and postscan (45 minutes) were 44.4 and 31.1 μSv at 10 cm, 14.9 and 9.7μSv at 30 cm, and 3.5 and 2.8 μSv at 100 cm, respectively, from surface of head. Similarly, it was 54.8 and 30.3 μSv at 10 cm, 23 and 13.6μSv at 30 cm, respectively, from surface of abdomen. In WB scans, the mean ADR was higher than the brain scans. Anesthesiologist exposure overall was found to be 4.84 µSv/patient/scan (112 patients). The anesthesiologist receives a safe mean effective dose in PET/MRI scanning. With good training and adequate planning, it is possible to decrease the radiation exposure to all the concerned personnel including anesthesiologists.
Building and evaluating nucleic acid nanostructures for in vivo applications
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: January 2023

Nucleic acid nanostructures are versatile and nearly infinitely customizable, which can make it challenging to find the right one.
Analysis of a stochastic Lotka–Volterra competitive system with infinite delays and Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process
Authors: Liu Qun
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we construct and analyze a stochastic Lotka–Volterra competitive model with the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process and infinite delays. First, we verify the existence and uniqueness of the global solution of the system with any initial value. Then, we investigate the pth moment boundedness, asymptotic pathwise estimation, and asymptotic behavior of the solutions of the stochastic system in turn. In addition, we develop sufficient conditions for the existence of a stationary distribution of positive solutions to the stochastic system by establishing a series of suitable Lyapunov functions. Finally, by solving the corresponding six-dimensional Fokker–Planck equation, we obtain the accurate expression of the local density function of the linear system corresponding to the stochastic system.
Small solutions of the Einstein–Boltzmann-scalar field system with Bianchi symmetry
Authors: Lee Ho , Lee Jiho , Nungesser Ernesto
Published: January 2023

We show that small homogeneous solutions to the Einstein–Boltzmann-scalar field system exist globally toward the future and tend to the de Sitter solution in a suitable sense. More specifically, we assume that the spacetime is of Bianchi type I–VIII, that the matter is described by Israel particles and that there exists a scalar field with a potential which has a positive lower bound. This represents a generalization of the work [H. Lee and E. Nungesser, Classical Quantum Gravity 35, 025001 (2018)], where a cosmological constant was considered, and a generalization of [H. Lee and J. Lee, J. Math. Phys. 63, 031502 (2022)], where a spatially flat FLRW spacetime was considered. We obtain the global existence and asymptotic behavior of classical solutions to the Einstein–Boltzmann-scalar field system for small initial data.
Chemical diffusion master equation: Formulations of reaction–diffusion processes on the molecular level
Authors: del Razo Mauricio J. , Winkelmann Stefanie , Klein Rupert , Höfling Felix
Published: January 2023

The chemical diffusion master equation (CDME) describes the probabilistic dynamics of reaction–diffusion systems at the molecular level [del Razo et al., Lett. Math. Phys. 112, 49 (2022)]; it can be considered as the master equation for reaction–diffusion processes. The CDME consists of an infinite ordered family of Fokker–Planck equations, where each level of the ordered family corresponds to a certain number of particles and each particle represents a molecule. The equations at each level describe the spatial diffusion of the corresponding set of particles, and they are coupled to each other via reaction operators—linear operators representing chemical reactions. These operators change the number of particles in the system and, thus, transport probability between different levels in the family. In this work, we present three approaches to formulate the CDME and show the relations between them. We further deduce the non-trivial combinatorial factors contained in the reaction operators, and we elucidate the relation to the original formulation of the CDME, which is based on creation and annihilation operators acting on many-particle probability density functions. Finally, we discuss applications to multiscale simulations of biochemical systems among other future prospects.
Gel-sol transition of thermoresponsive poly(vinyl alcohol) solution: Validation of the universal critical scaling relations
Authors: Bhattacharyya Tulika , Suman Khushboo , Joshi Yogesh M.
Published: January 2023

While undergoing gelation transition, a material passes through a distinctive state called the critical gel state. In the neighborhood of this critical gel state, how viscosity, equilibrium modulus, and relaxation times evolve are correlated by scaling relations, and their universality has been validated for materials undergoing the sol-gel transition. In this work, we extend this approach for the gel-sol transition of a thermoresponsive polymeric system of aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) gel that passes through the critical state upon increasing temperature. We observe that, in the neighborhood of the critical gel state, the equilibrium modulus and viscosity demonstrate a power law dependence on the relative distance from the critical state in terms of normalized temperature. Furthermore, the relaxation times in the gel and the sol state shows symmetric power law divergence near the critical state. The corresponding critical power law exponents and the dynamic critical exponents computed at the critical gel-sol transition state validate the scaling and hyperscaling relations originally proposed for the critical sol-gel transition very well. Remarkably, the dependence of complex viscosity on frequency at different temperatures shows a comprehensive master curve irrespective of the temperature ramp rate independently in the gel and the sol state. This observation demonstrates how the shape of relaxation time spectrum is independent of both the temperature as well as the ramp rate. Since sol-gel and the gel-sol transitions are opposite to each other, the applicability of the scaling relations validated in this work suggests broader symmetry associated with how the structure evolves around the critical state irrespective of the direction.
Fundamentally different representations of color and motion revealed by individual differences in perceptual scaling
Authors: Emery Kara J. , Volbrecht Vicki J. , Peterzell David H. , Webster Michael A.
Published: January 2023

The coordinate frames for color and motion are often defined by three dimensions (e.g., responses from the three types of human cone photoreceptors for color and the three dimensions of space for motion). Does this common dimensionality lead to similar perceptual representations? Here we show that the organizational principles for the representation of hue and motion direction are instead profoundly different. We compared observers’ judgments of hue and motion direction using functionally equivalent stimulus metrics, behavioral tasks, and computational analyses, and used the pattern of individual differences to decode the underlying representational structure for these features. Hue judgments were assessed using a standard “hue-scaling” task (i.e., judging the proportion of red/green and blue/yellow in each hue). Motion judgments were measured using a “motion-scaling” task (i.e., judging the proportion of left/right and up/down motion in moving dots). Analyses of the interobserver variability in hue scaling revealed multiple independent factors limited to different local regions of color space. This is inconsistent with the influences across a broad range of hues predicted by conventional color-opponent models. In contrast, variations in motion scaling were characterized by more global factors plausibly related to variation in the relative weightings of the cardinal spatial axes. These results suggest that although the coordinate frames for specifying color and motion share a common dimensional structure, the perceptual coding principles for hue and motion direction are distinct. These differences might reflect a distinction between the computational strategies required for the visual analysis of spatial vs. nonspatial attributes of the world.
Sarcopenia phenotype and impaired muscle function in male mice with fast-twitch muscle-specific knockout of the androgen receptor
Authors: Hosoi Tatsuya , Yakabe Mitsutaka , Sasakawa Hiroko , Sasako Takayoshi , Ueki Kohjiro , Kato Shigeaki , Tokuoka Suzumi M. , Oda Yoshiya , Abe Masahiro , Matsumoto Toshio , Akishita Masahiro , Ogawa Sumito
Published: January 2023

Sarcopenia is distinct from normal muscle atrophy in that it is closely related to a shift in the muscle fiber type. Deficiency of the anabolic action of androgen on skeletal muscles is associated with sarcopenia; however, the function of the androgen receptor (AR) pathway in sarcopenia remains poorly understood. We generated a mouse model (fast-twitch muscle-specific AR knockout [fmARKO] mice) in which the AR was selectively deleted in the fast-twitch muscle fibers. In young male mice, the deletion caused no change in muscle mass, but it reduced muscle strength and fatigue resistance and induced a shift in the soleus muscles from fast-twitch fibers to slow-twitch fibers (14% increase,P= 0.02). After middle age, with the control mice, the male fmARKO mice showed much less muscle function, accompanied by lower hindlimb muscle mass; this phenotype was similar to the progression of sarcopenia. The bone mineral density of the femur was significantly reduced in the fmARKO mice, indicating possible osteosarcopenia. Microarray and gene ontology analyses revealed that in male fmARKO mice, there was downregulation of polyamine biosynthesis-related geneswhich was confirmed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay and the primary cultured myofibers. None of the AR deletion-related phenotypes were observed in female fmARKO mice. Our findings showed that the AR pathway had essential muscle type- and sex-specific roles in the differentiation toward fast-twitch fibers and in the maintenance of muscle composition and function. The AR in fast-twitch muscles was the dominant regulator of muscle fiber-type composition and muscle function, including the muscle–bone relationship.
From “three doors” to “one revolving door”
Authors: Liu Yujing , Wei Xiangqing
Published: January 2023

The Theory of Doors (Cabré 2003) has been well established in
the academia of terminology worldwide. Many follow-up terminology studies draw on the analytical framework of this theory, namely the
linguistic, cognitive, and communicative dimensions of a terminological unit. This theory provides a comprehensive approach to the
observation of terminology, which helps with the better understanding and description of terminology in real use. With this paradigm, a
terminological unit can be investigated from any of the three dimensions, or “three doors”. However, the interrelationships among the three
dimensions have not been further elaborated, which may fail to account for the complexity of actual terminology use, in cross-lingual
settings particularly. The authors of the present study aim for an extension of the theory to cope with the research on cross-lingual and
cross-cultural terminology use by focusing on the concept of “domestic violence” in the English and Chinese languages and cultures. To
extend the Theory of Doors, the interrelatedness of the three descriptive dimensions is demonstrated based on a new
metaphorical image of “a revolving door”, and more precisely a “three-wing revolving door”.
Final report of APMP comparison of mass standards APMP.M.M-K5 (Sub-) multiples mass key comparison
Authors: Ren Xiaoping , Tserenpil Altantsetseg , Eltawil Alaaeldin A , Fen Kitty , Ghazalli Suliana , Hayu Renanta , Kumar Anil , Kuve Edna Egu , Lee Shih Mean , Lee Sungjun , Leung Raymond , Al-Mamun Masud , Nguyen Do Duc , Tuan Chin-Fen , Shanika Silva , Solis Michael Jason A , Sukhon Rungsiya , Sutton Chris , Ueki Masaaki
Published: January 2023

Main text

This report describes a key comparison of mass standards APMP.M.M-K5, conducted between 19 participating members of the Asia-Pacific Metrology Programme (APMP). The APMP.M.M-K5 comparison was launched during the 13th meeting of the Technical Committee for Mass and Related Quantities APMP-TCM (2012).Two sets of stainless steel weights with five nominal mass values: 2 kg, 200 g, 50 g, 1 g, and 200 mg were used as travelling standards. These nominal values were chosen as they followed the nominal values of CCM.M-K5. The aim of the comparison is to verify the consistency of 2 kg, 200 g, 50 g, 1 g and 200 mg stainless steel mass standards among members of APMP-TCM.

The program was piloted by the National Institute of Metrology, P.R. China (NIM). All the participants have provided their support and help to successfully organize and run the comparison. The nominated 19 participants have been divided into five petals and the corresponding five sets of transfer standards have been circulated within the groups simultaneously. The pilot laboratory measured the volumes and the magnetic properties of the standards before the circulation and had reported these values to the participants. The pilot laboratory has also verified the stability of all travelling standards for more than one year. The set of five weights was circulated among all the participating laboratories in August 2015 and received back from the last participant in August 2016. The final report of this comparison is being given in this document.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).