bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Total Phenolic Exudation and Allelopathic Potential of Sunflower Residues as Sustainable Weed Management
Authors: Flayyih Taisir M. , Almarie Ahmed A.
Published: May 2023

Total releasing phenolic compounds and allelopathic potential of the three sunflower genotypes Helianthus annuus L. residues were evaluated under open field conditions on weed flora associated with the proposed crops; wheat, broad bean and flax which are cultivated usually after the sunflower crop as successive crops. After getting seed from the sunflower crop. After getting seeds, sunflower plant parts were chopped and incorporated with field soil using a rotavator. Regarding the phenolics, total phenolic compounds released from sunflower residues were increased in-field soil and reached the highest concentration in the fourth week after mixing with soil. Significant suppression of weed flora was observed when the weed density and weed dry matter were reduced. Sakha sunflower genotype had the most effect, while Ishaqi genotype had the least amount of phenolic compounds. The residue of the Sakha genotype effectively suppressed over 80% of targeted weeds. The results indicate that the allelopathic potential of sunflower residues can cause suppression of weed flora which can be useful as an attractive alternative natural way to reduce synthetic herbicides as sustainable weed management.
Antibacterial Activity of Silver nanoparticles Against Pathogenic Bacterial Isolates from Diabetic Foot Patients
Authors: Ibraheem Duaa R. , Hussein Nehia N. , Sulaiman Ghassan M.
Published: May 2023

Diabetic foot is a catastrophic complication of diabetes. This study included isolation and identification of three types of bacteria that cause diabetic foot ulcers,  fifty-five isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, thirty-five isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii, and thirty isolates of Serratia marcescens. These isolates were obtained from diabetic foot patients at different private clinics in and around Baghdad and Medical City Hospital. The proportion of male patients was greater than females, and it was noted that the age group (51-68 years) was more ages affected by diabetic foot. These isolates showed high resistance to most of the antibiotics used, Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to Penicillin, Tetracycline, and Ciprofloxacin in the percentage of 100 %, 65 %, and 26 %, respectively. Acinetobacter baumannii, showed high resistance to Penicillin, at a percentage of 80%, and Ciprofloxacin at  60%. Serratia marcescens was resistant to most antibiotics that were used in this study, Tetracycline, Penicillin, Cefotaxime, and Amoxicillin in the percent of (100, 95, 91, 88,70, and 64) %, respectively. The chemical reduction method was used in this study to synthesize silver nanoparticles. The characterization of silver nanoparticles was done by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, and transmission electron microscope, which showed particle sizes of 24.56 to 66.2 nm, which proved that silver nanoparticles had nano size and spherical shape. The result of antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles and silver nitrate against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria showed the highest effect of silver nitrate than other bacteria tested in this study, the diameter of the inhibition zone reached 15.66mm. Likewise for silver nanoparticles where the diameter of the inhibition zone of highest effect reached 29.33mm for Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The test of silver nanoparticles' ability to inhibit bacterial growth produced the greatest results for Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, which were inhibited after 60 minutes. Based on these research findings, silver nanoparticles have demonstrated their efficacy in this study against isolated bacteria from diabetic feet.
Smartphones as Smart Tools for Science and Engineering Laboratory: A Review
Authors: Sirisathitkul Yaowarat , Sirisathitkul Chitnarong
Published: May 2023

This article reviews a decade of research in transforming smartphones into smart measurement tools for science and engineering laboratories. High-precision sensors have been effectively utilized with specific mobile applications to measure physical parameters. Linear, rotational, and vibrational motions can be tracked and studied using built-in accelerometers, magnetometers, gyroscopes, proximity sensors, or ambient light sensors, depending on each experiment design. Water and sound waves were respectively captured for analysis by smartphone cameras and microphones. Various optics experiments were successfully demonstrated by replacing traditional lux meters with built-in ambient light sensors. These smartphone-based measurements have increasingly been incorporated into high school and university laboratories. Such modernized science and engineering experimentations also provide a ubiquitous learning environment during the pandemic period.
On gw-Prime Submodules
Authors: Said Hazhar Ali , Jabbar Adil Kadir
Published: May 2023

Our aim in this work is to investigate prime submodules and prove some properties of them. We study the relations between prime submodules of a given module and the extension of prime submodules. The relations between prime submodules of two given modules and the prime submodules in the direct product of their quotient module are studied and investigated.
Material Recognition of Foreign Object Debris using Deep Learning
Authors: Shaker Dina , Abbas Ayad
Published: May 2023

Foreign Object Debris (FOD) is defined as one of the major problems in the airline maintenance industry, reducing the levels of safety. A foreign object which may result in causing serious damage to an airplane, including engine problems and personal safety risks. Therefore, it is critical to detect FOD in place to guarantee the safety of airplanes flying. FOD detection systems in the past lacked an effective method for automatic material recognition as well as high speed and accuracy in detecting materials. This paper proposes the FOD model using a variety of feature extraction approaches like Gray-level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) to extract features and Deep Learning (DL) for classification. The data for this research was taken from the Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport runways. FOD has been done via utilizing a Convolutional Neural Network Classifier (CNN) with 27 layers. Those layers are distributed as follows: nine convolutional layers of type 1D; eight leaky ReLU layers; seven maxpooling 1D layers; two fully connected layers that are represented by the (Dense); and one flattening layer. The performance measures utilized in the system are precision, accuracy, F-score, and recall. The experimental results obtained after implementation and testing are of accuracy 99.8%, precision 100%, recall 100%, and F1-score is 100%. Experiments show that the proposed method has good performance in detection accuracy.
mRNA Approach Image Encryption Using LUC Algorithm
Authors: Abbas Noor Muneam , Abdulmunim Matheel E.
Published: May 2023

Bioinformatics is one of the computer science and biology sub-subjects concerned with the processes applied to biological data, such as gathering, processing, storing, and analyzing it. Biological data (ribonucleic acid (RNA), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and protein sequences) has many applications and uses in many fields (data security, data segmentation, feature extraction, etc.). DNA sequences are used in the cryptography field, using the properties of biomolecules as the carriers of the data. Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single strand used to make proteins containing genetic information. The information recorded from DNA also carries messages from DNA to ribosomes in the cytosol. In this paper, a new encryption technique based on (mRNA) amino acids to increase the diffusion of the algorithm was proposed, also using the LUC algorithm with finite field arithmetic to increase the complexity of the algorithm. The results show high resistance against well-known attacks on the proposed method. For Entropy, the achieved value for the encrypted images was above 7.998. The range of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) between plain and encrypted images was below 8.7. Finally, the unified average change intensity (UACI) was close to 0.335. The number of changing pixel rates (NPCR) was close to 0.996, which is considered a good result.
Fast 128-bit Multi-Pass Stream Ciphering Method
Authors: Abdul-Jabbar Safa S. , Abed Abeer E. , Mohammed Sajaa G. , Mohammed Faisel G.
Published: May 2023

Information is an essential and valuable object in all systems. The more information you have about your issue, the better you can conform to the world around you. Moreover, information recognizes companies and provides influence that helps one company be more effective than another. So, protecting this information using better security controls and providing a high level of access to authorized parties becomes an urgent need. As a result, many algorithms and encryption techniques have been developed to provide a high level of protection for system information. Therefore, this paper presents an enhancement to the Blowfish algorithm as one of the cryptography techniques. Then it proposes an enhancement for increasing efficiency and secrecy for this algorithm, which are the main criteria for these modifications. In this paper, the main modification made for the Blowfish algorithm is altering the S-box according to the principles of the block cipher (OFB). The results were approved using hamming distance and avalanche effect. The proposed algorithm presents advantages on several points, including reducing the required time for the encryption and decryption processes and preventing transmission errors from perpetuating all data. Also, we can conclude that the modified Blowfish algorithm can be used for all text encryption systems because of its flexibility (unlimited input text size and expanding key size).
The Influence of Production and Destruction of O Isotopes in Red Giant Stars
Authors: Selman Ahmed Abdul-Razzaq
Published: May 2023

Thermonuclear reaction rates are calculated for three oxygen isotopes 14,15,16O in CNO cycles reactions occurring in red giant stars. These reactions are:, , , , and . Reaction rates have been calculated using Matlab codes, and related comparisons were made with NACRE II and Reaclib libraries, and the ratios of production to the destruction of 15,16O isotopes were found. Present reaction rate results were close to most of the selected reactions, and in some cases larger with a factor of 1-3. 15,16O production to destruction ratios indicated a special tendency to saturate at temperatures higher than ~ 2 GK, and these ratios were in general larger than 1 indicating an excess of producing such isotopes in red giant stars.
Determination of the Time and Coordinates Required for Measuring the Milky Way’s Rotation Curve Using BURT in 2023
Authors: Mahdi Hareth S.
Published: May 2023

Baghdad University Radio Telescope (BURT) is a 3 meter radio telescope that was installed in the main campus of the University of Baghdad in Jadiriyah. Radio telescopes, in general, offer a wide range of applications in radio astronomy, which are usually used to detect the neutral hydrogen emission line at a wavelength of 21 cm. One of the key applications of BURT is to observe the Milky Way galaxy and to determine its rotation curve. However, performing such observations requires accurate determination of the appropriate observing time as well as the coordinates. This paper focuses on how the observing time and coordinates are calculated correctly and accurately.  The horizontal coordinate that corresponds to the galactic coordinates (b=0° and 0° ≤ l ≤ 90°) in every single day of 2023 at 10 am have been calculated using a c++ code that has been written for the purpose of this work. The results showed that the appropriate time for observing the Milky Way using BURT in 2023 is during January, February, March, November and December of 2023. The medians of altitude during those months are 50.9798°, 62.7919°, 50.6198°, 9.6562° and 30.5041°, respectively. During those months, the altitude is found, in general, larger than zero which means that the galactic position is above the horizon.
Effects of Aqueous Extract of Cumin Seed (Cuminum cyminum) on the Structure and Function of Albino Rat Kidneys Treated with Dibutyl Phthalate
Authors: Alfahdawi Othman Aeed Salih , Alfahdawi Abdulrahman Aeed Salih , Mohammed Israa Mahmood
Published: May 2023

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Cuminum cyminum seed aqueous extract on the function and histological structure of rat kidney treated with dibutyl phthalate (DBP). Eighteen albino rats weighing 190-240g and aged 10-12 weeks were used for this study which went on for 28 days. The rats were divided into three groups (each with six animals): 1st  group: control rats were given food and tap water, 2nd group was given DBP (420mg/Kg. B.W.)  with tap water and diet, 3rd group were fed cumin plant orally at a daily dose of (200 mg/kg B.W.) and DBP (420mg/kg. B.W.) was given with drinking water and fed with diet daily. Kidney and liver function parameters were measured and histological structure of kidney was examined. Results showed that DBP significantly increased creatinine, urea as well as liver parameters AST and ALT, while decreased ALP level, destruction, hemorrhage and inflammation in kidney. Cumin decreased AST and ALT level but increased ALP level and elevated kidney hemorrhage which concluded that DBP may cause oxidative stress for rat liver and kidney. Despite hepatoprotective role of cumin, it interacts with DPB and increases bleeding in kidney.
Ltb4r Gene Expression in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Iraq
Authors: Khaleel Abdullah W. , Altaee Maha Fakhry
Published: May 2023

The current study was carried out to explore gene expression of the LTB4R gene with the development of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in Iraqi patients. The differences in the expression of this gene between patients and healthy controls were studied. The correlation of gender and age with CML patients compared with controls was included as well as the correlation of gene expression folding 2-ΔΔCt of LTB4R with clinical parameters (WBC, RBC, haemoglobin, platelets, and BCR-ABL gene). Results revealed significant increases in the mean of gene expression level (ΔCt) of patient groups compared to the corresponding ΔCt means in the healthy control group, the gene expression folding (2-∆∆Ct) of the LTB4R gene reflects significant differences in the expression showed the highest level in CML patients which reached to (9.12 ), no significant differences were exhibited according to age and gender between CML patients and control. The study revealed a non-significant positive correlation between LTB4R gene expression level with both the BCR-ABL gene and WBC. Our results concluded that the LTB4R gene expression level could act as a marker for the prognosis of CML.
MONITORIA ACADÊMICA NO CURSO DE MEDICINA: O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM ENSINO HÍBRIDO COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA INTEGRAR O DISCENTE INGRESSANTE EM TEMPOS PÓS PANDÊMICOS: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Pereira Felipe , Da Costa Mariah Cristina Lemes , De Oliveira Yasmim Lisboa , Andrade Ludmila Mourão Xavier Gomes , Barbosa Thiago Luis de Andrade , Mombelli Monica Augusta
Published: May 2023

No período pós pandêmico o retorno às aulas se deu em modelos distintos, dentre eles, o híbrido, capaz de utilizar da melhor forma os recursos presentes, tanto na educação presencial, quanto na não-presencial. O presente trabalho é um relato de experiência com o objetivo de descrever a participação, como discente monitor, de três acadêmicos do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana no projeto “Monitoria Acadêmica em Programa de Integração Ensino Serviço Comunidade I como estratégia para integrar o estudante ingressante”, relatando o uso de ferramentas digitais no ensino híbrido como método de superação das barreiras temporais e espaciais e de engajamento discente. Nesse sentido, evidenciou-se maior flexibilidade de acesso dos discentes ingressantes à monitoria acadêmica pela introdução do ensino híbrido, contribuindo para o processo de adaptação à vida acadêmica. Ainda, o uso de ferramentas digitais se mostrou um facilitador do processo de sistematização e internalização das informações e vivências. Por fim, o fator de maior relevância na integração dos discentes foi a promoção de ambientes abertos a questionamentos com coordenação horizontal e rede de apoio, sejam eles presenciais ou não.
A PATOLOGIZAÇÃO DO COMPORTAMENTO HUMANO COMO PRESSUPOSTO DA MEDICALIZAÇÃO DO SENTIR
Authors: De Melo Chysland Costa Moura , Rocha André Sousa , Khouri Mauro Michel El , Rodrigues Francisco Evalderson Teixeira , Argolo Junior Cecílio , Ferreira Antonia Juliana Mesquita
Published: May 2023

Atualmente, dados apontam haver um considerável número de pessoas com diagnóstico de transtornos mentais. Assim, esses dados crescem vertiginosamente a cada ano ao nível mundial. Tal fato chama atenção para a questão de que, na atualidade, a maioria desses problemas possam, equivocadamente, estar sendo tratados como algum tipo de transtorno mental. Portanto, a abordagem principal visa uma análise da patologização do comportamento humano, como pressuposto da medicalização do sentir. Este trabalho objetivou demonstrar a contribuição determinante que o fenômeno social da patologização do comportamento humano possui para a prática indiscriminada da medicalização do sentir. Para tanto, utilizou-se da análise de conteúdo para criar categorias de análises e de uma revisão integrativa que seguiu as seis etapas prescritas na literatura.  Para o cumprimento, utilizaram-se os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DecS): Comportamento e Medicalização além da palavra-chave patologização durante os meses de setembro a outubro de 2022, nas seguintes plataformas: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia (PEPSIC), Scopus (Elsevier), Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Pubmed além dos portais CAPES. A partir dos critérios de elegibilidade, 61 produções foram recuperadas, sendo utilizadas apenas duas para a análise final. Os resultados trazem à baila a possibilidade da adoção de métodos outros que não a medicalização como primeira e/ou única opção de tratamento. Por fim, limitações e sugestões de pesquisa são analisadas ao final.
O EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO NA REABILITAÇÃO CARDIOPULMONAR PÓS-COVID-19
Authors: De Lima Mikele Costa , Felix Vittória Rodrigues , Veras Kleyane Moraes , Nascimento Tiago dos Santos
Published: May 2023

O estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a eficácia do exercício físico como ferramenta na reabilitação da capacidade cardiopulmonar de indivíduos pós-covid mediante ao esforço físico. Consistiu em uma pesquisa sistemática de literatura, com abordagem qualitativa, nas bases de dados “Pubmed” e “Scielo” utilizando os descritores “covid-19 and social determinants of health”, “covid-19 and physical exercise”, “covid-19 and rehabilitation”, “sars-cov-2 and pathophysiology” e “post covid-19”. O SARS-CoV-2 faz parte da família dos coronavírus (CoV), sua transmissão acontece principalmente de pessoa para pessoa por meio de gotículas respiratórias. A pandemia causou efeitos avassaladores nas estruturas sociais, nas populações e na economia, e com o isolamento social desencadeou diversos processos de adoecimento físico e mental. A covid afeta diretamente o sistema respiratório, pode comprometer também outras funções orgânicas, podendo obter melhoras através da reabilitação cardiopulmonar. O exercício físico desempenha papel fundamental no processo de reabilitação cardiopulmonar de indivíduos pós infecção pelo vírus da covid-19, acelerando a retomada das atividades de vida diária e consequentemente melhorando sua qualidade de vida.
ATENDIMENTO ODONTOLÓGICO NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA E COVID-19: UMA ANÁLISE DE DADOS SECUNDÁRIOS, 2019-2022
Authors: Venturin Bruna , Venturin Brenda , Portes Eugênia Aparecida , Thumé Elaine
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: avaliar o atendimento odontológico realizados em serviços de APS de acordo com as regiões geopolíticas do Brasil no período de 2019 a 2022, além de discutir a relação com a pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologia: Levantamento epidemiológico que utilizou dados secundários do Sistema de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica (SISAB), referentes ao período entre janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2022. Resultados: Em 2019, foram registrados 39.970.471 atendimentos odontológicos no Brasil e em 2020 esse número foi de 19.822.331, um decréscimo de 50,4%. Todas as regiões do país e todos os meses de 2020 tiveram queda no número de atendimentos. Em 2022, o Brasil voltou ao patamar de 2019. O país duplicou o número de atendimentos odontológicos, comparando os anos de 2022 com o de 2020. Conclusão: Investigar o número de atendimentos odontológicos é importante para planejamento e reorganização do serviço e ações com o objetivo de suprir a demanda reprimida pela Covid-19 da população brasileira.
IMPACT OF SOCIOECONOMIC VULNERABILITY ON COVID-19 OUTCOMES AND SOCIAL DISTANCING IN BRAZIL
Authors: Lins Filho Paulo Cardoso , De Araújo Millena Mirella Silva , Ferreira Andressa Kelly Alves , De Melo Maria Cecília Freire , De Macêdo Thuanny Silva , Freitas Jaciel Leandro de Melo , Godoy Gustavo Pina , Caldas Júnior Arnaldo de França
Published: May 2023

Due to the persistently high cases and deaths, Brazil became one of the worst countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding the possible health inequities is essential, given the population's diversity and the country's fragile socioeconomic situation. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact and correlation of socioeconomic vulnerability on COVID-19 outcomes and social distancing in Brazil. The Gini Coefficient (GC), the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), epidemiological data on the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil, and the Social Distancing Index (SDI) were retrieved from online databases and assessed for each Brazilian state. Data was statistically analyzed through non-parametric tests and multiple linear regressions. The mean values for the GC and SVI were 0.495 and 0.261, respectively. A positive statistically significant correlation was found between the socioeconomic indicators and the three variables related to the COVID-19 outbreak. States with very low social vulnerability presented fewer deaths per 100 thousand inhabitants due to COVID-19 than states with moderate social vulnerability. SVI was a predictor of accumulated cases, confirmed deaths, and social distancing. The COVID-19 outcomes and SDI in Brazilian states are correlated to socioeconomic conditions. The pandemic impacts are more severe on less favored communities.
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE EROSÃO DENTAL E ASMA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA E META-ANÁLISE
Authors: De Macêdo Maria Thais Soares , Da Silva Ellen Caroline Araújo , Pereira Ana Maria Barros Chaves , De Oliveira Andressa Feitosa Bezerra , Nunes Jocianelle Maria Félix Fernandes , Farias Isabela Albuquerque Passos
Published: May 2023

O objetivo desse plano de trabalho foi avaliar criticamente a evidência atual sobre a associação entre erosão dental e asma em crianças. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática com estudos observacionais transversais do tipo caso-controle em crianças de 3 a 12 anos de idade. A pesquisa foi conduzida por dois revisores independentes (Kappa>0,8), em cinco bancos de dados eletrônicos primários, além de uma pesquisa de literatura cinzenta. O risco de viés dos artigos incluídos foi realizado usando o Joanna Briggs Institute Critical. Lista de verificação de avaliação para estudos transversais analíticos. RevMan 5.4 foi usado para gerar figura do risco de viés e realizar a meta-análise. A qualidade da evidência foi avaliada de acordo com o Classificação de Recomendações Avaliação, Desenvolvimento e Avaliação (GRADE). Cinco estudos foram incluídos para análise qualitativa, dos quais quatro foram incluídos para análise quantitativa, com total de 2047 crianças. Três dos trabalhos apresentaram moderado risco de viés, um com alto risco, e um com baixo risco de viés. A confiança na evidência foi classificada como “muito baixa”. Concluiu-se que não há associação entre asma e erosão dental.
INTERVENÇÕES TERAPÊUTICAS NA MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL E AS MUDANÇAS DOS SINTOMAS DO TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA
Authors: Gonçalves Tatiane Gomes , Guimarães Júlia Quintão , Terra Larissa Santos , Padovan Ana Carolina Barbosa , Cardoso Edvaldo José Rodrigues
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Oferecer uma visão geral sobre os efeitos que as intervenções com o uso de probióticos, prebióticos ou Transplante de Microbiota Fecal (TMF) e suas combinações provocam nos sintomas neurocomportamentais e gastrointestinais (GI) em indivíduos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa (RI) da literatura nas plataformas PubMed, SciELO, LILACS e Scopus, a partir dos descritores "autistic disorder", “autism”, “prebiotics”, “probiotics”, "fecal microbiota transplantation" e "fecal transplantation", utilizando os operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR”. Foram selecionados apenas artigos dos anos de 2013 a 2022, publicados em português, inglês ou espanhol e que possuíam relação direta com o tema. Resultados: Foram analisados 24 artigos na íntegra, dos quais 14 obedeciam aos critérios de inclusão e tiveram seus resultados analisados na presente revisão. Desses, dois relataram melhora dos sintomas GI com uso de probiótico, prebiótico e/ou TMF, nove mencionaram melhora tanto dos sintomas GI como dos neurocomportamentais com as terapias utilizadas e os outros três avaliaram a mudança dos sintomas neurocomportamentais. Conclusão: As terapias com probióticos, prebióticos e TMF possuem um efeito promissor na modificação da microbiota e na melhora dos sintomas neurocomportamentais e GI em pessoas com TEA.
AVALIAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO DE AGENTES COMUNITÁRIOS DE SAÚDE ACERCA DO TEMA DIABETES MELLITUS APÓS A REALIZAÇÃO DE UMA INTERVENÇÃO EDUCATIVA
Authors: Alves Ana Flávia Machado de Oliveira , Mendes Amanda Silva , Barros Joyce Assunção , Zuffi Fernanda Bonato , Nicolussi Adriana Cristina
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: identificar e avaliar o nível de conhecimento de agentes comunitários de saúde antes e após a realização de uma educação permanente em saúde sobre diabetes mellitus. Método: pesquisa quantitativa, analítica e prospectiva; realizada com agentes comunitários de saúde de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde em uma cidade do Triângulo Mineiro. Foram utilizados dois questionários: um contendo questões sociodemográficas e laborais e outro sobre a diabetes mellitus. Foram realizados três encontros com cada equipe, sendo o primeiro e terceiro para a coleta dos dados e o segundo para a realização da educação permanente. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de estatísticas descritivas e teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon para comparar os dois momentos. Resultados: Participaram 15 agentes comunitários de saúde. De 18 questões, observou-se que no pré-teste, o número de acertos variou entre sete e 16, enquanto que no pós-teste variou entre 10 e 17. Nas comparações, houve um aumento de acertos tanto no questionário em geral quanto nas categorias: conceito, diagnóstico e complicações e prevenção. Conclusão: a intervenção proporcionou um aumento no nível de conhecimento sobre a temática aos agentes comunitários de saúde da unidade.
MATERNAPRO®: PERCEPÇÃO SOBRE SAÚDE BUCAL E USABILIDADE DE APLICATIVO SOBRE PRÉ-NATAL ODONTOLÓGICO NO SERVIÇO PÚBLICO
Authors: Maciel Izabelle Henriques Gomes , Da Silva Bruna Andrade Tupinambá , Rendeiro Marcia Maria Pereira , Berry Maria Cardoso de Castro , De Souza Maria Isabel de Castro
Published: June 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção de gestantes sobre saúde bucal e testar a usabilidade do MaternaPrO® (aplicativo móvel) desenvolvido como recurso motivacional para adesão de gestantes ao comparecimento do pré-natal odontológico, reforçando sua importância e desmistificando mitos e crendices relacionados ao período gestacional. Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo quali-quantitativo com aplicação de questionário de percepção e instrumento de avaliação de usabilidade. Para a avaliação de usabilidade do aplicativo MaternaPro® foi utilizado o instrumento SURE aplicado em dois grupos de participantes (Experts e Gestantes). Para a análise de percepção foi aplicado um questionário sobre a percepção do pré-natal odontológico para o grupo Gestantes, em dois momentos distintos. A pesquisa quali-quantitativa exploratória, foi estruturada em três fases distintas: a) revisão integrativa da literatura com ênfase em testes de usabilidade de aplicativos móveis na área da saúde; b) aplicação do instrumento de mensuração da usabilidade e; c) aplicação de questionário “percepção sobre pré-natal odontológico” de gestantes em diferentes estágios gestacionais. A pesquisa identificou um total de 813 artigos e, após o processo de seleção, 142 artigos foram selecionados de acordo com os critérios de inclusão, sendo que, 07 publicações enquadraram-se como revisão da literatura, 03 artigos de revisão de escopo, 02 artigos de revisão sistemática e 01 artigo sendo revisão integrativa. Os resultados do questionário SURE obtidos a partir da avaliação da usabilidade pelos profissionais de TI e pelos dentistas apresentaram média de usabilidade geral de 91 e, desta forma, a usabilidade foi enquadrada, no nível 80, isto é, concordam totalmente com usabilidade do aplicativo MaternaPrO®. Os resultados do questionário SURE obtidos a partir da avaliação da usabilidade pelas gestantes, apresentaram média de usabilidade geral de 79 e, desta forma, a usabilidade foi enquadrada no nível 70, isto é, concordam com usabilidade do aplicativo MaternaPrO®. O aplicativo MaternaPrO® contemplou seus objetivos educacionais de apoiar a mulher no seu período gestacional, possibilitando-a nas tomadas de decisões conscientes e orientadas, em relação ao acompanhamento odontológico e educação em saúde da gestante e do bebê. Observou-se a melhora significativa na percepção das gestantes, em relação a saúde bucal, gestação e pré-natal odontológico. O MaternaPrO® apresentou média de usabilidade geral de 85 e, desta forma, a usabilidade foi enquadrada, pelos profissionais de TI, dentistas e gestantes no nível 80, isto é, concordam totalmente com a usabilidade do aplicativo.
Should Placebo Treatment Be Used in the Clinical Setting for Pain Management? A Commentary
Authors: Aslam Mehreen
Published: May 2023

A placebo should not be used in clinical settings for pain management because it is associated with ethical dilemmas and also has detrimental health effects. It is illegal and immoral to fabricate, suppress and misrepresent information to the client, because concealing information has a considerable outcome on the patient-doctor relationship. The use of a placebo has a substantial negative impact on clients’ health when they are actually in pain. However, a placebo has an impact on patients’ expectations by activating a series of endogenous opioids that modify the experience of pain. While it is true that a placebo helps in reducing pain in some circumstances, we cannot just assume that a placebo always works effectively for all patients. The use of a placebo can compromise the patient’s safety or underrate the potential risk associated with disregarding the patient’s actual pain. The use of a placebo is ethically problematic as it falls under the concept of deception, and it is also injurious to misunderstand the actual pain that may lead to serious health consequences.
Poor Adherence: The Conceivable Cause of Cardiovascular Diseases in People on Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Fihla Mteto Qhayiya
Published: May 2023

Apart from the deterrence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) progression, antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as with HIV itself. With both HIV and ART being linked to CVDs in similar mechanisms, there is not yet an established relationship between ART and CVDs using adherence in people living with HIV (PLWH). The use of adherence may help shed light on understanding whether the CVDs are a result of ART or HIV due to poor adherence. Henceforth, the aim of this paper was to explore the possible relationship between ART adherence and CVDs. Based on evidence from the literature, there is convincing evidence to suggest that CVDs in people on ART are from HIV itself as a result of uncontrolled viremia due to poor adherence to ART.
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AROUND THE GLOBE: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS, THE FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND HATE SPEECH IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Diniz Araujo Luiz Henrique
Published: May 2023

This paper exploring the Freedom of Speech in the United States Constitutional Law is part of the series “Constitutional Law Around the Globe”. This chapter of the series focuses on “Fundamental Rights and Freedom of Speech” in contemporary democracies. First in the row, this paper analyzes the Freedom of Speech in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution and how it has been shaped by the Supreme and lower courts over time, especially on the so-called hate speech. A final paper will approach the legal systems composing the series in a comparative perspective.
TEORIA DO ESTADO DE DANTE ALIGHIERI NA VISÃO DE HANS KELSEN
Authors: Lepsius Oliver
Published: May 2023

O primeiro livro escrito por Hans Kelsen (1881-1973) foi uma investigação abrangente de “A Monarquia” de Dante Alighieri (1265-1321). Por que Kelsen se interessou pela teoria política medieval? Este artigo aborda o tratamento dado por Kelsen à teoria do Estado de Dante e questiona o que se pode inferir da leitura de Dante feita por Kelsen para o desenvolvimento intelectual do jovem Kelsen, seus interesses de pesquisa futuras e convicções filosóficas.
RELATIVIDAD DE LA IDEA DE CONSISTENCIA DE LOS SISTEMAS JURÍDICOS
Authors: Miraut Martin Laura
Published: May 2023

Los principios de unidad, coherencia y plenitud, representan la idea tradicional de sistema jurídico. El principio de coherencia presenta dificultades prácticas, porque los criterios de solución de las antinomias normativas no siempre ofrecen una solución indubitada. El problema es más profundo. Estos criterios lejos de resultar inherentes a la realidad jurídica tienen un carácter relativo y coyuntural. Su aceptación como forma de solución de las antinomias oculta la representación real de la norma jurídica como atribución de significado a las disposiciones normativas. Oculta también la representación real de la idea de sistema jurídico como expresión de la cultura jurídica dominante.
COGNITIVE FREEDOM:
Authors: Farinella Favio , Gulyaeva Elena Evgenyevna
Published: May 2023

When the manipulation of the human brain activity is a real possibility as it happens nowadays, a minimum of ethical values should be respected and incorporated into international and domestic Law. These rules shall aim to regulate the application of neurotechnologies and artificial intelligence to the human brain. No State which claims to be respectful of human rights can exercise the power to coercively manipulate the mental states of its population. In this article, we discuss cognitive freedom, a new right born out of neurotechnologies, which can also be understood as an update of human free will adapted to the 21st century. It is -as we will see- a multidimensional concept, difficult to define due to its complexity. In this article, we propose to consider cognitive freedom as an entirely new human right aimed at preserving the very essence of human nature. To validate our hypothesis, we use a qualitative methodology, aimed at establishing a consensual opinion of experts in the legal and scientific fields, together with the assistance of the main sources of the law, namely positive law, case law and doctrine.
Study of varieties of oil crops for commercial purposes in soil and climatic conditions Mongolia
Authors: Munkhjargal O. ,   Mongolian State University of Life Science
Published: May 2023

To supply growing demands of food in Mongolia, especially of vegetable oil, it is necessary to introduce famous highly productive varieties of agricultural crops and complex cultivation technologies. So to achieve these challenges, it is necessary to select promising varieties of oil crops among already stud-ied and widely known foreign varieties and to devel-op methods of their cultivation. The results of our research showed the most of oil crops id able to produce quite high seed yields in primary agricultural zones of Mongolia. In different soil and climatic conditions of the country, we studied more than 100 varieties of major oil crops including sunflower, spring rapeseed, soybean, and oil flax and selected the best perspective varieties by their biological and economic traits. The results of testing showed that the sunflower varieties have seed yield of 1.05–1.56 t/ha, soybean varieties – 0.54–1.65 t/ha under rainfed condition and 2.68–2.74 t/ha under irrigation, the spring rapeseed varieties – 1.12–1.57 t/ha and the oil flax varieties – 0.64–1.7 t/ha. The soil and climatic conditions of the East-steppe zone of Mongolia appeared to be the best for oil crops production.
Dissipation Lifetime of Catalysis as a Dynamical System
Authors: Ooka Hideshi , Wintzer Marie E. , Komatsu Hirokazu , Adachi Kiyohiro , Li Ailong , Kong Shuang , Hashizume Daisuke , Mochizuki Atsushi , Nakamura Ryuhei
Published: May 2023

Catalysis is a critical mechanism to direct chemical reactions in biology and chemistry. However, quantitatively predicting their properties such as activity or stability is difficult, due to the lack of an equation which can be applied to various reaction mechanisms. Here, we report an equation which estimates the lifetime of a catalyst by analyzing their mechanism from a dynamical systems perspective. Furthermore, as proof of concept, we show its consistency with experiments by performing the oxygen evolution reaction on manganese oxide. The equation successfully rationalizes the time until the activity decreases to 10 % of the initial value with an expected error of 20 %, providing the first quantitative model to predict the lifetime of a chemical system.
Indium – Polycarboxylic Acid Ligand Interactions Modify InP QD Nucleation and Growth
Authors: Larson Helen , Cossairt Brandi
Published: May 2023

Size control through precursor reactivity in InP quantum dot (QD) synthesis has been difficult due to the presence of kinetically persistent InP clusters when using conventional indium carboxylate and tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine chemistry. However, the advent of the indium halide/aminophosphine-based synthesis creates new opportunities to harness precursor design to impact nucleation and growth. Driven to further explore indium coordination as a synthetic handle in InP QD synthesis, we have examined the effect of a strongly chelating anion on the nucleation and growth of InP QDs. Increasing the equivalents of metal-chelating aminopolycarboxylic acid EDTA ([CH2N(CH2CO2H)2]2) (0 to 0.75 equivalents per indium) is found to decrease the final diameter of InP QDs from 4.5 to 2.3 nm by lowering the initial InP growth rate. This size trend is rationalized by invoking a continuous nucleation model. Control experiments carried out with substoichiometric equivalents of indium do not exhibit a drastic size decrease, pointing to complex effects of EDTA on indium precursor reactivity. By 1H NMR spectroscopy, EDTA is identified to form an octahedral complex with indium that is less reactive. This competitive decrease in reactivity and in the effective concentration of indium precursor is proposed to suppress the initial InP growth rates and consequently decrease the final size of the nanocrystals.
Characterising conical intersections in DNA/RNA nucleobases with multiconfigurational wave functions of varying active space size
Authors: Cuéllar-Zuquin Juliana , Pepino Ana Julieta , Fernández Galván Ignacio , Rivalta Ivan , Aquilante Francesco , Garavelli Marco , Lindh Roland , Segarra-Martí Javier
Published: May 2023

We characterise the photochemically relevant conical intersections between the lowest-lying accessible electronic excited states of the different DNA/RNA nucleobases using Cholesky decomposition-based complete active space selfconsistent field (CASSCF) algorithms. We benchmark two different basis set contractions and several active spaces for each nucleobase and conical intersection type, measuring for the first time how active space size affects conical intersection topographies in these systems, and the potential implications these may have towards their description of photoinduced phenomena. Our results show conical intersection topographies are highly sensitive to the electron correlation included in the model: by changing the amount (and type) of correlated orbitals, conical intersection topographies vastly change, and the changes observed do not follow any converging pattern towards the topographies obtained with the largest and most correlated active spaces. Comparison across systems shows anal- ogous topographies for almost all intersections mediating population transfer to the dark ¹nO/Nπ* states, while no similarities are observed for the “ethylene-like” conical intersection ascribed to mediate the ultrafast decay component to the ground state in all DNA/RNA nucleobases. Basis set size seems to have a minor effect, appearing to be only relevant for purine-based derivatives. We rule out structural changes as a key factor in classifying the different conical intersections, which display almost identical geometries across active space and basis set change, and highlight instead the importance of correctly describing the electronic states involved at these crossing points. Our work shows careful active space selection is essential to accurately describe conical intersection topographies, and therefore to adequately account for their active role in molecular photochemistry.
Relación entre medios y audiencias en grupos de WhatsApp en Cuba: un enfoque desde la agenda-setting
Authors: Muñiz Zuñiga Viviana , Lageyre López Sheyla , Castillo Salina Yander
Published: May 2023

El estudio tiene como objetivo explicar la relación entre las agendas del periódico Sierra Maestra, de Santiago de Cuba, y la de sus lectores a través de dos grupos de WhatsApp creados por el medio de prensa durante los meses de junio a octubre del 2021. Se aplicó un diseño de investigación cuantitativo utilizando técnicas como el análisis de contenido a los grupos seleccionados y una encuesta aplicada a los miembros de estos. El estudio permitió determinar que no existe una relación temática entre la agenda del periódico y la de sus lectores. En ello influyen la escasa participación de los periodistas en la solución de los problemas de los miembros del grupo, la reducida posibilidad de criticar en ese espacio, la escasa retroalimentación entre las instituciones sociales del territorio y los lectores, y el rol ineficaz de los periodistas como informadores. Este análisis forma parte de una serie de estudios sobre la agenda-setting en grupos de WhatsApp cubanos y ahonda en la necesidad de utilizar eficientemente esta plataforma en función de los medios de comunicación.
Comunicação organizacional e recursos de acessibilidade no ambiente digital: influências da pandemia de COVID-19 no Facebook do Burger King Brasil
Authors: Kraus Luvizotto Caroline , Mori Magalhães Guilherme
Published: May 2023

Um dos reflexos da pandemia da COVID-19 foi o fortalecimento da relação entre públicos e organizações na internet. Por algum tempo, esperou-se que isso acarretaria mudanças no ambiente digital, principalmente sobre a inclusão de pessoas com deficiência. Este estudo visa verificar como a intensificação das formas de interação no ambiente digital durante a pandemia da COVID-19 influenciou mudanças no uso de formatos acessíveis para pessoas com deficiência sensorial na comunicação digital de organizações. Voltamos a atenção a encontrar similaridades e dissonâncias entre as formas de comunicação em redes sociais nos períodos pré-pandêmico (2019) e durante (2021), tomando como objeto a página do Facebook da organização Burger King Brasil. Para tanto, foram mobilizadas técnicas de verificação automática e manual de acessibilidade web de um recorte de 12 publicações da página, sendo 6 delas de cada um dos períodos estudados. Após a conclusão do estudo, os resultados sugerem que as barreiras de acessibilidade, reflexo direto de estruturas sociais comoo capacitismo, não foram superadas. O que pôde ser observado foi a permanência desses tensionamentos, adaptados, agora, ao cenário da atualidade.
High Efficient of Ca/Al-Graphite for Removal of Direct Orange
Authors: Hakim Yusuf Mathiinul , Vinsiah Rananda , Fajri Shahibul
Published: May 2023

The layered double hydroxide-based material features of Ca/Al have improved according to the adsorption capacity and structure stabilization by transforming into composite Ca/Al-graphite. The composite was synthesized by co-precipitation method, and the chemical structure was characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-red (FT-IR), Brunauer Emmet-Teller (BET) Surface Area, and Thermo-Gravimetry Differential Analyse (TG-DTA). The XRD analysis of Ca/Al-Graphite composite was noticed in 10.205°(003), 18.083°(012), 20.45°(004), 26.532°(002), 44.52°(101), 54.52°(004), and 77.38°(006). The TG-DTA analysis of the composite was noticed at 100°C as water molecule decomposition, 270°C as nitrate decomposition, and 700 and 760°C as graphite decomposition to the oxide form. BET surface area analysis of Ca/Al-Graphite composite achieved the highest surface area at 16.795 m2/g. According to the kinetic parameter, the adsorption of direct orange to composite follows the pseudo-second-order model. The isotherm parameter of direct orange adsorption onto the composite followed the Langmuir model and occurred spontaneously and endothermically. The regeneration study proved the composite effective in 3 cycles by adsorption percentage at the third cycle reached 73.559%.
Effect of Rituximab Versus Mycophenolate Mofetil or Cyclophosphamide as Control in Lupus Nephritis: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nicola Mina , EA Abdelrahim Mohamed
Published: May 2023

Objective: To evaluate the effects of rituximab versus mycophenolate mofetil or cyclophosphamide as control in lupus nephritis by meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic search was carried out up to January 2022, obtaining 7 studies involving 645 participants with lupus nephritis at the commencement of the investigation; 198 of them were treated with rituximab, while 447 were treated with mycophenolate mofetil or cyclophosphamide. We determined the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence index (CI) to compare rituximab’s efficacy to that of mycophenolate mofetil or cyclophosphamide as control in lupus nephritis using random- or fixed-effects model by dichotomous or continuous techniques. Results: The rituximab group showed significantly higher complete renal remission rate (OR = 2.52; 95% CI 1.30–4.91, P = 0.006) and total renal remission rates (OR = 2.22; 95% CI 1.36–3.63, P = 0.001) than the control group. However, there was no significant difference in terms of end Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score (MD -1.16; 95% CI -2.88–0.57, P = 0.19), proteinuria (MD -0.31; 95% CI -0.70–0.09, P = 0.013), and serum creatinine (MD 0.01; 95% CI -0.04–0.07, P = 0.64) between the rituximab group and the control. Conclusion: Rituximab exhibited significantly greater complete renal remission rate and total renal remission rates, with no significant difference in terms of shorter-end SLEDAI, proteinuria, and serum creatinine, compared with the control in individuals with lupus nephritis.