bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polisemiczny charakter zjawiska laickości i przykłady jego zastosowania we współczesnym dyskursie publicznym
Authors: Dudała Rafał
Published: December 2019

Przeprowadzona analiza przywołuje polisemiczny charakter pojęcia laickości, na co wpływ miały nowożytne idee polityczne i filozoficzne. Określone to zostało dwoma stanowiskami: diachronicznym, które ujmuje laickość jako rozciągnięty w czasie proces, oraz synchronicznym, które pozwala dostrzec w niej jednoczesność zachodzących zjawisk. W ten sposób koncepcja laickości odsłania swą praktyczną wartość w odniesieniu do wyzwań dotyczących zarówno kryzysu państwowości, jak i zmieniających się relacji państwo–Kościół. Wartość tę potwierdza miejsce, jakie w badaniach nad laickością zajmują zasady suwerenności, równości czy separacji. W konsekwencji realizowana w systemie demokratycznym zasada laickości opiera własne odniesienie do podstawowych wartości na merytorycznej argumentacji, wzajemnej perswazji oraz konsensusie jako procedurze podejmowania decyzji.W stosunku do pierwszego stanowiska analiza przywołuje badania przeprowadzone przez specjalistów z dziedziny nauk politycznych, filozoficznych, prawnych i socjologicznych. Natomiast drugie odniesione zostało do trzech wybranych kwestii, które określają funkcje laickości: relatywizmu, publicznej roli religii oraz prawdy.
Wolność słowa w totalnej sieci
Authors: Bobko Aleksander , Kinal Jarosław
Published: December 2019

Problem wolności słowa zwracał uwagę myślicieli od samego początku naszej cywilizacji, ale dopiero we współczesnym wieku stał się centralnym zagadnieniem zarówno w filozofii teoretycznej, jak i praktykach społecznych, które miały na celu organizowanie racjonalnej wspólnoty politycznej. Wolność słowa jest nie tylko kwestią prywatnego prawa jednostki, ale także jednym z podstawowych warunków prawidłowego funkcjonowania sfery publicznej. Po drugie, przestrzeń wzajemnej komunikacji przeszła przez ostatnie dziesięciolecia znaczące zmiany, których wciąż doświadczamy. Współczesny odbiorca mediów żyje w McLuhanowskiej „globalnej wiosce”, w której możliwości dostępu do informacji, przechowywania ich, analizowania i wymiany wydają się nieograniczone. Jednak równolegle do tych możliwości pojawiają się niezwykle realne zagrożenia: niebezpieczeństwo manipulacji przez trudne do zidentyfikowania podmioty medialne, a także zjawisko nadmiernych „szumów informacyjnych” oraz niemożność odróżnienia tego faktu od kreacji informacyjnej. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja idei wolności słowa w ujęciu teoretycznym oraz prezentacja jednego studium przypadku, które wymyka się standardowym zachowaniom medialnym.
Rzecz jako fetysz. O moralności konsumpcji
Authors: Nowak Witold
Published: December 2019

Pojęcie fetysza ma swe źródło w teoriach religii pierwotnych. Słowo „fetysz” wywodzi się z portugalskiego feitico. Fetyszami nazywano małe przedmioty materialne (idole, amulety) używane w kulcie religijnym. We współczesnej filozofii i studiach kulturowych pojęcia fetysza i fetyszyzmu są bardzo pomocne w opisie traktowania rzeczy w systemie masowej konsumpcji. Luksusowe marki czynią swe produkty obdarzonymi mocą i pełnymi heterogenicznych znaczeń, co sprawia, iż produkty te stają się obiektami kultu dla konsumentów. W ten sposób kształtuje się nowa religia – religia przedmiotów. Pośród dyskutowanych autorów są: K. Marks, G. Perec, Ch. Taylor, H. Böhme.
Chrześcijańska filozofia człowieka w Polsce wobec wyzwań XX i XXI wieku
Authors: Mazur Piotr Stanisław
Published: December 2019

Według autora artykułu antropologia chrześcijańska charakteryzuje się afirmatywnym podejściem do chrześcijaństwa i personalizmu w rozumieniu człowieka. W ciągu ostatniego stulecia w Polsce stanęła ona przed czterema kluczowymi wyzwaniami dla jej rozwoju, którymi były: 1) poszukiwanie właściwego modelu życia społecznego związanego z odrzuceniem indywidualizmu i kolektywizmu; 2) zderzenie z totalitaryzmem kolektywistycznym (komunizmem), który narzucał błędną koncepcję człowieka; 3) rezygnacja Kościoła w jego nauczaniu z dominacji tomistycznego modelu rozumienia świata i człowieka; 4) ustanowienie naturalistycznego i transhumanistycznego modelu człowieka w kulturze przełomu XX i XXI wieku. Antropologia chrześcijańska odpowiedziała na pierwsze trzy wezwania specyficznym typem personalizmu: społecznym – w pierwszym przypadku; metafizycznym – w drugim, liberalistycznym i etycznym – w trzecim. Zdaniem autora artykułu obecnie musi ona szukać personalistycznej odpowiedzi na czwarte wyzwanie. Antropologii chrześcijańskiej zagraża fideistyczny personalizm wynikający z przyjęcia naturalistycznego obrazu człowieka pochodzącego z nauk szczegółowych i rezygnacja z prób filozoficznego ­uzasadnienia jego osobowego statusu.
Pozytywne implikacje myśli Fryderyka Nietzschego dla chrześcijaństwa post mortem Dei. Próba analizy
Authors: Laskowska Ewa
Published: December 2019

Artykuł bada, czy Nietzsche, niewątpliwie przeciwny chrześcijaństwu, które widział, jest także daleki od sedna chrześcijaństwa i wiary ewangelicznej. Czy jego koncepcje mogą być wskazówką dla człowieka próbującego znaleźć ślady Boga w czasie post mortem Dei? Przy próbie odpowiedzi na powyższe pytania pomocna będzie ­analiza dzieł Nietzschego.Na zakończenie artykuł wykaże, że burzliwe, niespokojne, otwarte, odważne i wciąż łamiące zwykłe myślenie Nietzschego, które nie boi się nocy, może stać się rodzajem szlaku w poszukiwaniu Boga, którego nie można uchwycić w siatkę pojęć. Może ono także stanowić strumień oczyszczający chrześcijaństwo i kierujący je z powrotem ku źródłom ewangelicznym. Może również pomóc chrześcijanom zastanowić się nad własną wiarą.
Entre azagaias, carroças e espingardas
Authors: Da Silva Evander Ruthieri
Published: December 2019

Apesar da fragmentação territorial que marcava a África do Sul na segunda metade do século XIX, esse período foi demarcado por significativas publicações que intencionavam fornecer coesão e unidade especialmente em tratados histórico-geográficos. O artigo versa a respeito da escrita do passado sul-africano do historiador George McCall Theal, com ênfase nas suas interpretações dos deslocamentos étnicos gerados a partir do Great Trek (1835-1846), período de migrações internas dos bôeres rumo ao interior do subcontinente, e do mfecane (c.1815-1835), termo associado ao expansionismo militar dos zulus na mesma região. A ênfase incide sobre as obras The History of the Emigrant Boers in South Africa (1888) e Progress of South Africa in the Century (1901). Publicadas em um período de intensas animosidades interétnicas ao sul da África, visavam fornecer uma versão coesiva do passado sul-africano, culpando os zulus pelo esvaziamento populacional nas décadas de 1820-1830 e legitimando as aspirações coloniais ao uso e posse de terras.
A Filosofia da História em Oliveira Martins
Authors: Laranjeira Gonçalves Bruno Filipe
Published: December 2019

Nos escritos de Oliveira Martins, um dos grandes pensadores históricos portugueses do século XIX, a filosofia da história é uma temática recorrente. Metodologicamente próximo da vertente de história da cultura e movimentos intelectuais, este estudo aborda o entrecruzar das redefinições do conceito de filosofia da história no seu pensamento. Depois de uma introdução biográfica sobre o autor e o surgimento da problemática da filosofia da história, passamos para os primeiros escritos de Martins sobre socialismo, seguindo-se a polémica em torno da caracterização da Idade Média. Essas primeiras teorizações estão imbuídas de uma visão dialética, marcadamente hegeliana, contudo a sua actividade política e renovadas leituras dão lugar a novas conceções, que valorizam o papel do inconsciente no desenvolvimento histórico. Essas transformações desembocam num posterior trabalho de sistematização. O escopo desses escritos introduziu uma perspetiva dialectica e uma noção de inconsciente na historiografia e teoria da história portuguesas.
Pensamento Social Brasileiro em perspectiva
Authors: Tito Tolentino Thiago Lenine
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo pretende realizar uma reflexão crítica e historiográfica acerca do termo “pensamento social brasileiro”. Neste sentido, retomaremos seus processos e mudanças de significados e usos, assim como sua incorporação pelo campo das ciências sociais brasileiras. Assim, recompomos as variantes do pensamento social brasileiro na história intelectual brasileira, apontando alguns de seus usos e mobilizações na imprensa e, posteriormente, a sua consolidação acadêmica e universitária, a fim de atestarmos sua pertinência conceitual. Ao final do artigo, propomos uma revisão crítica acerca de tal perspectiva frente a algumas questões teóricas contemporâneas a partir do conceito de cultura intelectual.
History as anguish
Authors: Pereira Caldas Pedro Spinola
Published: December 2019

This article proposes a path of reasoning capable of showing how history can become personal inasmuch as it produces the experience of anguish. To attain this goal, based on two concrete personal experiences during the current political context of Brazil, it will take the following steps: history becomes personal, first as it helps build one’s personality (as asserted in Johann Gustav Droysen’s Historik), by the ability of historical knowledge — produced by research or received by its readers — has to be morphological; in other words, via its ability to find unity in what, at first glance, seems to be dispersed. Secondly, history can become personal as it produces empathy, considered under Dominick LaCapra’s concept of empathic unsettlement. Finally, since LaCapra indicates that Primo Levi’s concept of gray zone contains certain possibilities in terms of empathic unsettlement, the final section of this article carries out an exercise about this notion to show that this type of experiences — limited to two specific cases in this study — invite us to think that history becomes personal in as much as it produces anguish, a notion that permeates The Drowned and the Saved (1986) — book that contains Primo Levi’s classic chapter on the gray zone.
The Possibilities of ‘Materiality’ in Writing and Reading History
Authors: Pihlainen Kalle
Published: December 2019

In this article, I investigate the role of a particular kind of ‘materiality’ at work in the writing and reading of history. This involves examining the challenges posed to constructivist approaches to history by various post-linguistic-turn claims about presence and experience as well as by so-called post-narrativism. The core focus will be on outlining an argument for updating ‘narrativist’ or constructivist theory of history to deal with these recent concerns. This requires directing more attention to the relations between author, text, and reader, particularly concerning the key issues of reality, embodiment, and immersion. To demonstrate the value of approaching these relations in terms of ‘materiality,’ I consider three questions aimed at illuminating the balancing act between referentiality and invention performed in history writing as a genre: How can language ‘embody’ reality? How do referential texts encode reality? And, how could we read referential texts specifically with respect to reality?
Importance of Saw Blade Geometry and Technic Conditions in Machining of Wood Materials in Circular Saw Machines
Authors: ÇAKMAK Ali , MALKOÇOĞLU Abdulkadir
Published: December 2019

Circular saw machines are
usually used for cutting of the edge flattened parts to desired dimensions and
angles, sizing of panels, grooving, jointing, rebating, etc. For this purpose,
it can be stated that the selection of the cutter in machining is very
important in terms of product quality and efficiency. It can be indicated that
the main factors affecting saw blade selection are material density and
humidity, cutting edge shape and type with rake and tool angle. In this study,
saw blade geometry, its selection and factors affecting the process were
studied in the machining of wood materials in circular sawing machines. Also,
the problems and solutions proposal encountered in the circular saws during in
sizing are stated.
2-Sülfoterfitalik Asit ve 4,4'-Bipiridin İçeren 2-Boyutlu Koordinasyon Bileşiğinin Yapısal ve Optik Özellikleri
Authors: ÇOBAN Mustafa Burak , KARA SUBAŞAT Hülya
Published: December 2019

Bu
çalışmada, iki farklı organik ligand içeren yeni bir tip iki-boyutlu
koordinasyon bileşiği, {(2-H3stp)(4,4'-bipy)2.(H2O)}n,(2-H3stp
=2-sülfoterfitalik asit ve 4,4'-bipy= 4,4'-bipiridin), hidrotermal yöntemle
sentezlendi ve tek kristal X ışını kristalografisi, toz kırınımı, UV-Vis
spektroskopisi ve katı hal fotolüminesans ölçümleri ile karakterize edildi.
Kristal yapı analizi bileşiğin triklinik kristal sistemi P-1 uzay grubunda
kristalleştiğini gösterir. Bileşiğin asimetrik birimi bir 2-sülfoterfitalik
asit,  iki 4,4'-bipiridin ve bir örgü su
moleküllerinden oluşmaktadır. Kristal yapıda her bir 2-H3stp ligandı
güçlü O–H···N hidrojen bağları ile 4,4'-bipiridin molekülü ile etkileşim
içindedir. Yapı böylece tek-boyutlu zincir şeklinde büyümektedir. Ayrıca,
O–H···O, O–H···N hidrojen bağları ve yüz yüze π-π etkileşimler ile molekülleri
bir arada tutmaktadır. Sonuç olarak yapı iki-boyutlu bir forma sahip olur.
Ayrıca, bileşik ve onun ligandları sırasıyla oda sıcaklığında katı halde
şiddetli sarı-yeşil ve yeşil lüminesans sergiler. Bileşik, maksimum dalgaboyu
560 nm de olacak şekilde geniş yayma bandı gösterir. Bu geçiş muhtemelen  π -π * veya n-π * ligandlar arası elektronik
geçiş olabilir. Bu arada, bileşiğin ölçülen fotolüminesans spektrumunda,
serbest ligandlarla karşılaştırıldığında yaklaşık 50 nm kırmızıya kayma
gözlenmiştir. Böylece, bileşik sarımsı-yeşil ışık yayar. Bileşik, {(2-H3stp)(4,4'-bipy)2.(H2O)}n,
hem teknolojik hem de endüstriyel üretimde yapısal bir ara malzeme olarak
kullanılabilir.
Elazığ - Nevşehir Bölgesinde Bulunan Yapı Taşlarının Bazı Fiziksel Özellikleri
Authors: KAYA Ayşe
Published: December 2019

Bu
çalışmada yedi yörede bulunan ve bina yapı malzemesi olarak kullanılan Körpe ve
Zafran taşları (Elazığ), Yeşilyurt taşı (Malatya), Nemrut, Karadağ ve Ali dağ
taşları (Adıyaman) ve Ürgüp (Nevşehir) taşlarının bazı fiziksel özellikleri
araştırılmıştır. Taşlar
yörede bina yapı elemanı olarak kullanılmakta ve halk arasında işleme kolaylığı
ve ısıl özellikleri açısından övgü ile sözü edilmektedir. Amaç, bölgede çok
kullanılan taşların, bina yapı elemanı olarak gerçekte ne tür özelliklere sahip
olduğunu belirlemektir. Taşların fiziksel özelliklerini belirlemek üzere, her
taş için iki ayrı taş ocağından numuneler alındı. Kimyasal analizden sonra, ısı
iletkenliğini ve ısı kapasitesini, su emme oranı ve mekanik dayanım değerleri
için deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, özellikle enerji tasarrufu,
dayanıklılık ve doğal konfor koşulları açısından diğer yapı malzemeleri ile
karşılaştırıldı.
AHP ve DEMATEL Yöntemleri İle Nesnelerin İnternetinin İşletmelerde Yapılan Uygulamalarının Analizi
Authors: SAÇAK Rumeysa , GÜR Şeyda , EREN Tamer
Published: December 2019

Endüstri 4.0 çeşitli otomasyon sistemlerinin ve bu sistemler için gerekli olan teknolojilerin birbiriyle veri alışverişinde bulunduğu akıllı yapıları ifade etmektedir. Endüstri 4.0’ı oluşturan elementlerden biri olan nesnelerin interneti (IoT), akla gelebilecek her nesnenin internet erişiminin olabilmesi veya başka nesnelerle iletişim halinde olabilmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada ise hayatın içine hızlı bir şekilde giren ve ilerleyen zamanlarda daha çok hayatın içerisinde yer alabilecek olan nesnelerin internetinin (IoT) bir işletmede başarılı bir şekilde uygulanabilmesi için etkili olabilecek faktörlerin AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) ve DEMATEL (The Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) yöntemleri ile değerlendirilmesi yapılmaktadır. Yapılan değerlendirmede işletmelerde başarılı bir IoT uygulaması için güvenlik kriterinin daha öncelikli ve etkili olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir.
Go for a Woman if you Feel Risky: Evidence from Gender Diversity in MFIs
Authors: Khisamitova Alsu , Stepanova Anastasia , Kokoreva Maria
Published: December 2019

This paper contributes to the literature on management and corporate governance in microfinance institutions. Themicrofinance market is one of the rare markets with a large representation of women in management and governanceroles. The objective of our paper is to reveal the effects of women’s presence on the financial and social performance ofmicrofinance institutions.To achieve this, we develop a model that allows for capturing the influence of gender diversity in the microfinance fieldwhilst controlling for risks. We focus on the role of women as loan officers, on boards of directors, and involved inmanaging the creation of microfinance institutions. Our model utilises two sets of panel data regressions, one for socialperformance and one for financial performance, and is tested on data from 193 microfinance institutions across EasternEurope and Central Asia for the financial years 2010 through 2014.The results of our investigation indicate that the activity of female members of management, CEOs, and boards ofdirectors could increase performance indicators for riskier microfinance institutions. This is illustrated particularly inthe case of projects with greater stakes in portfolios that are more than 90 days in arrears. We also provide evidencethat women on boards tend more towards promoting a strategy utilising large quantities of small loans with greaterinterest. The social performance of microfinance institutions is crucially determined by the microfinance institutions’size. For the largest microfinance institutions, questions of social performance lie in the field of boards of directors, whilesmaller institutions’ social performance is mostly driven by CEOs and staff, with significant evidence of a positive femaleinfluence on performance indicators.The novelty of this study is demonstrated the scope of our research. We combine several contemporary issues of peculiarcross-disciplinary interest, and offer succinct and compelling results which will be of immediate applicability in a widerange of academic and professional fields. Our results will be of interest to scholars of gender, social studies, psychology,business, corporate structure, and more. More specifically, we add to the evolving sub-field of study of microfinanceinstitutions, which has the potential to develop rapidly in the near future. This paper represents a cross-section ofcommercial and business research across a wide territory, with a large sample size, and provides compelling conclusions,which add to these fields of study by both validating existing research, and highlighting new areas for future analysis.
The Impact of the Digital Transformation of Business on Corporate Governance. An Overview of Recent Studies
Authors: Ivaninskiy Ilya
Published: December 2019

This article presents a survey of recent studies on the impact of digitalisation, and particularly blockchain technology, oncorporate governance and the principal-agent conflict in companies. The principal-agent conflict has been a centerpieceof the corporate governance research for more than 40 years. However, recent technological developments, andblockchain in particular, has created new avenues for exploration.We survey the implications of blockchain for the principal-agent conflict in three parts: 1) the organisationalenvironment, and the creation of the conflict; 2) common observable instances of conflict; 3) actions necessary tomaximise the value of blockchain implementation. We limit the studied conflict to the relationship between shareholdersand management. We also limit the blockchain use cases to those currently in testing. The applications for blockchain insecurities trading and for corporate functions automation via ‘smart’ contracts are both analysed. We also evaluate theimplications for investor activism.Our results indicate that passive investor behaviour is at the core of the environment that creates conflict. One of thekey drivers of low activity is a non-transparent voting process resulting in low participation rates. Studies indicate thatblockchain can solve this issue, thus mitigating the conflict, and is an attractive proposition for board members. Themost frequent instances of conflict are related to the composition of boards of directors and compensation schemesobserved at shareholder voting. Using blockchain for settlement would eliminate ambiguity in shareholder registersand prevent such strategies as “empty voting”. Smart contracts promise automation of governance functions like audit,which also weakens conflict. Even skeptics agree that voting is a promising application for blockchain. However, thereis evidence that blockchain poses its own problems, and that smart contracts are associated with practical risks. Somecritics argue that blockchain is less efficient than conventional corporate procedures.Blockchain is among the top digital technologies that business leaders have to monitor closely. As such, this overview ofthe most up-to-date thinking on the subject is relevant for anyone interested in the future of corporate governance andthe digitalisation of business processes. This evaluation serves to highlight the current status of this innovative resource,outlining for both professionals and newcomers what exactly blockchain’s potential uses and implications are, while alsooutlining where a lack of quantitative research creates opportunities for further contributions to the research field. Thisstudy will also be instructive for those investigating blockchain implementation and the optimal characteristics of thesolution.
Shenfu Injection as an add-on treatment to improve survival rate of patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a meta-analysis (protocol) v1
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Si Xiaobei , Fan Xiao-Han , Huo Lin-Yu
Published: December 2019

Objective To evaluate the improvement of survival rate for patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by Shenfu Injection. Method Electronic databases including Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database were searched with the search terms of "Shenfu Injection”, “cardiopulmonary resuscitation”, “randomized controlled trials” and their synonyms. A funnel plot was adopted to evaluate publication bias. The meta-analysis was performed using a fixed effects model in case of low heterogeneity and a randomized effects model in case of high heterogeneity. Conclusion Add on treatment of Shenfu Injection may improve the survival rate of the patients after CPR.
The Role of Building Technology in Obtaining Sustainable Place Selected buildings in Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq-as case study
Authors: Ali Alan
Published: December 2019

The distinctive ecological issues from pollution, exhaustion of vitality and assets, pushed the sustainability wonder through the down to earth and theoretical application to take a vast part in the contemporary worldwide patterns, as a way to discover answers for the world natural strains and its results. As the supportable engineering associated unequivocally with the biological system on one hand, and to different frameworks identified with the natural frameworks, from alternate, this has turned out to be a standout progressive the most dynamic topics in feasible applications and research. This research was to simulate this idea, with a review to the likelihood of applying manageability standards in contemporary engineering and the impact of the utilization of innovation in accomplishing this maintainability, which will prompt review the how and the approaches to accomplish sustainability in architecture and how to utilize the innovation as the potential instruments of this time in accomplishing these manageability, offering intending to the indigenous habitat as to keep up the soul of the place. The utilization of innovation as an instrument of the advanced period to accomplish economical design, the association with nature, and understanding the idea of "soul of the place"; lead us to concentrate the likelihood of utilizing innovation and IT to see more about the importance of place and maintainability in the current time to make a positive society interface with the contemporary necessities, and furthermore with the regular habitat they live in. This research aims to reach to the clarify  the indicators of  the Building Technology and Sustainable spirit of place, then the research will analyze these indicators in different public projects in Sulaimani city by the analyzing the average of the questionnaires answers, then reaching the conclusions and the recommendations of the research.
Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis for shear strength and behavior of Reinforced Concrete T-Beam with Openings in Both Web and Flange by ANSYS 14.5
Authors: Aziz Mr. Zana , Rafiq Assist. Prof. Dr. Serwan
Published: December 2019

In this study, a three-dimensional T-beam consisting of circular openings in web and/or in the flange with variable distances from the support is analyzed numerically. The beam is simulated and analyzed non-linearly by using computer software of ANSYS V.14.5. In the simulation, the calibration for the model is carried out by taking the effects of openings, including their numbers and locations in the beam, on the behavior of the beams in general and their shear strength in particular after comparing the results with the experimental work. Thirteen cases are studied for investigating crack patterns and load capacity accompanied with graphing load-displacement envelope for each case. From these in thirteen cases, a case is control beam which is penetrated with holes. The rest of the samples, however, contain openings in their webs and/or flanges with variable distances from the support. A parametric study is carried out on high strength concrete to compare it with normal concrete.

After the calibration, the numerical results of the load-displacement curve, crack pattern and ultimate load significantly matches the results obtained from experimental works. The results show a substantial decrease of load carrying capacity by up to 11.7% with a decrease in openings distance from support from d (effective depth of the T-beam) to (d/3). However, the capacity of the beam to carry load increases by 17.6% by reducing the space between the openings and the support to (d/4).
The Influence of Driver Behavior on Saturation Flow Rate at Signalized Intersection
Authors: Al-Hamadani Hadeel , Al-Arkawazi Shamil
Published: December 2019

Signalized intersection is very critical and significant element of city traffic network. It has an affect on the road network as it significantly affects the performance of the whole network. The signalized intersection performance is usually measured by delay and saturation flow rate, therefore accurate evaluation of signalized intersection capacity requires accurate determination of saturation flow rate. In intersection capacity analysis, driver behavior is measured by saturation headways which directly influence the value of the saturation flow rate. Therefore, this study conducted to measure the influence of the driver behavior on the saturation flow rate by calculating the actual field saturation flow rate at the signalized intersection, then comparing the calculated field saturation flow rate with the ideal saturation flow rate and determine any possible difference. The study results indicated that driver behavior has a significant influence on the saturation flow rate at signalized intersections, where non-aggressive (conservative) driver behavior will increase the saturation headway and as a result will reduce the saturation flow rate, while aggressive driver behavior will reduce the saturation headway and as a result will increase the saturation flow rate. Also, the results indicated that saturation flow rate is dependent on locality especially it is significantly influenced by driver behavior.
The impact of architectural conservation policies on the continuance of heritage buildings - Study of conservation in Sulaymaniyah governorate
Authors: Muhealddin Banaz , Ali Assist. Prof. Dr. Alan
Published: December 2019

The issue of conservation of heritage occupies an advanced place in the context of issues of general concern to the nations of the world because it is a clear indicator of the progress of civilizations, from which subsequent generations derive their culture and their architectural identity. This paper is important in terms of philosophical, cultural, economic, and educational and sustainability aspects.The main problem in the research is the deterioration of the architectural character of the Kurdish heritage in Sulaymaniyah, especially in recent decades. The objective of the research is to evaluate and find the best solutions to the policy of preserving valuable heritage buildings and improving their ability to preserve the architectural identity of the city.The research focuses on the study of the efficiency of the architectural conservation of the old heritage buildings that underwent the process of conservation and rehabilitation, the failure of the architectural conservation and neglect policies by the authorities has resulted in the removal of the architectural values and the loss of the architectural identity of the city, which led to deterioration and distortion of the architectural character of the Kurdish heritage. The research takes an analytical approach and historical survey to contribute the prevention, deformation, and degradation of heritage buildings. The selected heritage buildings are examples of the restored architectural heritage in Sulaymaniyah Governorate. The research was based on analysis of old documents, photographs, detailed indicators of heritage buildings and surveying of buildings with surrounding areas, as well as the creation of a table to evaluate the conservation policy and analyze the impact of preserving the architectural characteristics of these buildings. The research concludes with a set of recommendations that can help improve the efficiency of architectural conservation and preserve the original heritage elements of the Kurdish community and increase community awareness regarding the importance of preserving this valuable heritage that left from ancestors to remain etched in generations’ memories. The research was able to reach to the results through the analysis of the main and secondary indicators, which are considered as tools of evaluating the conservation process in Sulaymaniyah or anywhere in the world, for protecting the architectural identity and its original characteristic.
Evaluation of Characteristics of Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Materials with and without Using Additive Materials
Authors: Ebrahim Soz , Karim Dr. Hardy
Published: December 2019

Nowadays, reclaimed asphalt pavement is used as hot mix asphalt (HMA) because it has economic and environmental benefits. As an attempt to preserve aggregate resources and save money, this study was done. To evaluate the characteristics of the RAP aggregate, many tests were done that include gradation, specific gravity, Coarse Aggregate Angularity (CAA), Flat and Elongation (F&E), Los Angeles Abrasion (LA), and impact test. Three types of additive materials, which were SBS, CR, and PP, mixed with the reclaimed asphalt blends with three different percentages of 3%, 5%, and 7%. The conventional asphalt binder tests were done for the aged and reclaimed binders. As the percentage of the additive materials increased, the penetration and ductility of the asphalt binder decreased. The elastic recovery of the blends was increased from approximately 7% to 80% when different percentages of SBS additive were used.  As the percentage of the additive materials increased, the softening points of the blend increased. The specific gravities of the reclaimed blends were not changed significantly after adding additives. The flash and fire point temperatures increased when the percent of PP additive material was increased to the blends; however, the flash and fire point temperatures decreased when the percent of the SBS and CR additive materials increased. Based on the standard deviation of the RAP asphalt contents, the mixture blend was selected to be 40% RAP and 60% new material. The aged RAP binder was blended with a soft grade virgin asphalt binder that was 60/70 grade. The procedure of Superpave design mixtures was done to find optimum asphalt content and knowing the effects additives on moisture sensitivity of the mixtures. Adding additive materials benefits the reclaimed mixtures regarding moisture sensitivity. The most beneficial effects of additives on moisture sensitivity of the reclaimed mixtures were 7% SBS, 3% CR, and 5% PP obtaining the ITSR of 99.71%, 97.1%, and 90.7%, respectively. The selected most beneficial blends of the reclaimed asphalt binder with additives were further analyzed using Superpave performance grade tests. The additive materials changed the PG of the blended reclaimed binder with no additive materials from 64 -22 °C to PG of over 88-22 °C for 7% SBS, PG of 76-28 °C for 3% CR, and PG of 82-16 °C for 5% PP. It was recommended to use 7% of SBS in the reclaimed asphalt mixtures for hot climates, and 3% of CR for cold climate conditions.
La importancia del control social, la participación y seguimiento al situado fiscal - Santiago de Cali: Comunas 14 y 19
Authors: Montilla Galvis Omar De Jesús , Yanguas Botero Ibis D. , Ruíz Fernández Juan J.
Published: December 2019

Esta investigación es un análisis de la inversión pública  bajo el enfoque del control social, observando la pertinencia del Situado Fiscal Territorial Municipal (SFTM) en el municipio Cali, comunas 14 y 19; donde se realiza una inversión que busca mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas a través de la redistribución de los ingresos del Estado; teniendo como herramientas los Planes Operativos Anuales de Inversión (POAI), los Planes de Desarrollo de Comunas y Corregimientos, el presupuesto de ingresos y la ejecución presupuestal. El presente trabajo, resalta la importancia de la participación ciudadana no solo como sujetos políticos buscando una solución a la problemática de su comuna, sino también como sujetos de cambio, realizando a través del control social, el seguimiento al SFTM para dar cumplimiento a los plazos y montos de la inversión, además de la pertinencia de esta para mejorar la calidad de vida de su comunidad.
Investigations on the wastewater of a flow-through fish farming system
Authors: Csorbai Balázs , Urbányi Béla
Published: December 2019

European and Hungarian fish consumption has been increasing for years. Intensive fish producti- on is one potential methods to meet the ever-increasing demand of Hungarian consumers. However, for the sustainable growth of production, it is necessary to tackle one of the important problems of this type of fish production: reducing the nutrient content of the effluent water. Wetland can be a perfect application to solve the problem. In this research, we examine the efficiency of wastewater treatment in a fish farm where the effluent feeds the Szarvas-Békésszentandrás oxbow system. The current theoretical nutrient retention capaci- ty of the wetland—based on literary data—is 53–61% for nitrogen (N), 76–84% for phosphorus (P) and 80– 91% for chemical oxygen demand (COD). In recent years, the production capacity of the plant has increased to 500 T/year and a new pre-settling and drum filter were added to the filtration, and thus the deterrent effect of the filtration system in 2014–2017 was 74% for "N", 63% for phosphorus and 83% for COD. The effici- ency of the wetland was demonstrated by measurements carried out by an accredited independent laboratory proving that no limit value has been exceeded for the last 15 times. We can conclude that the wetland is able to carry out its tasks in the long term, independently of the season, and to ensure that effluent water does not pose a significant impact to the natural environment.
The colonization of raccoon (Procyon lotor L. 1758) in Georgia : The beginning of the invasion?
Authors: Kalandarishvili Alexandra , Heltai Miklós
Published: December 2019

Raccoons have been present in Georgia since the second half of the 20th century. Raccoons were introduced in most parts of the Soviet Union including Azerbaijan from where raccoons eventually found themselves on Georgian territory. Today rural residents are complaining about raccoon damage which is in- duced to their private property, crops, domestic animals and game birds. Regardless of such active damages and frequent sightings of raccoons across Georgia, there are no scientific publications that document the presence of this species in the country. We collected pictures of raccoons that were taken primarily by camera traps set by photographers, researchers and wildlife enthusiasts in Georgia. In additions, the material was retrieved from various sources including social media like Facebook. We conclude that raccoons are not only present in Eastern Georgia but they are spreading towards the central Georgia. We conclude that there are breeding populations of raccoons close to the capital city of Tbilisi as well. According to the local residents, this species is causing tremendous damage both to their property and natural habitats. We thus recommend that in order to protect valuable habitats of Georgia, and resolve hu- man-raccoon conflict monitoring and decreasing of raccoon populations must be set as a priority task of the wildlife conservation is Georgia. We also recommend to conduct further studies on raccoon population sizes which will give clearer picture of the damage degree done to the native species and to private property of local residents.
Health status analysis of Norway spruce and shrubby pine along an elevation gradient
Authors: Falvai Dominika , Baltazár Tivadar , Czóbel Szilárd
Published: December 2019

The results of numerous climatic models predict a significant increase in temperature, which co- upled with other factors could affect mountain species distribution and community composition. In addition, it can accelerate an upward shift of alpine treelines. However the number of field measurements focusing on the health status of dominant trees in temperate mountains are limited. Our measurements were carried out in the Stuhleck Mountains along an elevation gradient from 850 to 1750 metres. Health status analysis of Picea abies and Pinus mugo have been completed by using FAKOPP 3D acoustic tomography, which is able to detect the size and location of decayed regions in the trunk non-destructively. For modelling the relati- onship between the decay of tree and other factors simple linear regression models were used. The results showed that the individuals of Picea abies and Pinus mugo had the worst health status in the lowest and up- permost range of the taxa in the studied area. It could be a sign of the upward shift of their range. Positive significant correlation was found between the decay and the ratio of whole trunk/healthy wood both in case of Picea abies and Pinus mugo. It seems, that acoustic tomography measurements are adequate to indicate non-destructively the altitudinal optimum and upward shift of different taxa.
Habitat mapping and possibilities for evaluation on environmental management of Vésztő-Mágor Nature Reserve
Authors: Nagy Anita , Kiss Tímea , Saláta Dénes , Süli Ágnes , Szalkay Csilla , S.-Falusi Eszter , Penksza Károly , Pápay Gergely
Published: December 2019

Habitat mapping was carried out on Vésztő-Mágorpuszta Nature Reserve based on the Hungarian National Habitat Classification System. Habitat codes occurring within habitat patches and short description of each patch are given in parallel with a detailed species list (completed with dominance relations). Based on these, a habitat map of the area and habitat-based thematic maps of sodic areas influenced by water were prepared. The central part of the observed area is diverse and valuable from a botanical point of view, part of the area with complex patches is sodic, in between with sporadic lowland swards and some smaller lowland steppes. Possible reason for abandonment of management on these areas could be the influence of water. Rate of areas with higher dominance of weeds is small.
Do corporations care? Corporate Social Responsibility and firm’s engagement
Authors: Suarez Moran Eugenia
Published: December 2019

What are the firm’s determinants to engage in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)? Under what conditions is it likely to occur? Evidence suggests three possible mechanisms that affect a firm’s engagement in csr: the role of growth in value added within an industry, peer effects and workers’ attitudes. Results are consistent with the institutional framework theory, which suggests that firms engage in CSR practices in times of economic prosperity. Further evidence shows that peer effects are also relevant on a firm’s decision to take part in csr. Regarding workers’ attitudes, this paper provides evidence of a weak link between labor force preferences and a firm’s decision to engage in CSR.
Kültürel Zekanın Girişimcilik Yönelimine Etkisi: Laleli Pazarındaki Mikro Ölçekli İşletmelerde Bir Araştırma
Authors: Koyuncu Ümmügülsüm , Akdöl Buket
Published: December 2019

Rekabetin
hızla arttığı günümüz iş dünyasında, işletmelerin uluslararası düzeyde faaliyet
gösterme zorunluluğu artmaktadır. Söz konusu faaliyetler esnasında,
uluslararası alanda farklı kültürel özelliklere sahip bireylerin etkileşimi ile
iletişim sorunları ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu sorunun aşılmasında kültürel zeka
etkili bir faktör olarak son dönemde yönetim bilimcilerin ilgisini çekmektedir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, kültürel zekanın girişimcilik yönelimine etkisini
belirlemektir. Bu amaçla Laleli pazarındaki mikro ölçekli işletmelerden anket
yöntemi ile veri toplanmıştır. Anket formunda kültürel zeka ölçeği (Ang, Van
Dyne, Koh, Ng, Templer, Tay ve Chandrasekar 2007) ile girişimcilik yönelimi
ölçeği (Bouncken vd., 2014; Chen vd., 2015; Hughes ve Morgan, 2007) değerlendirme
aracı olarak kullanılmıştır ve hipotezler Smart-PLS 2.0 ile test edilmiştir.
Araştırma bulgularına göre, üstbilişsel, motivasyonel ve davranışsal kültürel
zekanın girişimcilik yöneliminin risk alma, yenilikçilik ve proaktiflik
boyutlarından bazıları ile arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu ortaya konmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:Kültürel Zeka, Girişimcilik Yönelimi, Mikro Ölçekli
İşletmeler, Türkiye

            JEL Sınıflandırması: M10, L26
Tokat İlinin Kentsel Rekabet Edebilirliğinin TR83 Bölgesi Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Çoban Mustafa Necati
Published: December 2019

Ülkelerin
dünden bugüne bölgesel politika kavramına bakış açıları değişmiş, bu değişimle
beraber sadece geri kalmış bölgeler değil, tüm bölgeler ülkelerce belirlenen
bölgesel politikanın odak noktasına yerleştirilmiştir. Bu değişimle beraber
ülkelerce geri kalmış bölgelerin kalkındırılması hedefinin dışında diğer
bölgelerin de rekabet edebilirliğinin artırılmasına yönelik plan, program ve hedefler
belirlenmektedir.

Büyüme,
verimlilik, rekabet ve performans gibi kavramları ihtiva eden bölgesel rekabet
kavramı uluslararası ekonomik kuruluşlarca da önemsenen ve bölgelerarası
rekabetin artırılmasına hizmet eden önemli bir husustur. Bölgelerarası
rekabetin artırılması ile ülke genelinde refah artacak, gelişme sağlanacaktır.

Bölgelerin
büyüme, verimlilik, performans, yenilikçilik anlamında başarı gösterip
rekabetçi bölgeler olarak sınıflandırılmasında rekabetçi kentlerin rolü
büyüktür. Bu bağlamda bölgesel rekabeti sağlamada ilk olarak kentsel rekabet
edebilirliği tesis etmek, rekabetçi kentler oluşturmak oldukça önem arz
etmektedir.

Çalışmada,
Tokat ilinin kentsel rekabet edebilirliği TR83 bölgesi bağlamında ele alınacak,
TR83 bölgesinde yer alan Amasya, Çorum, Samsun gibi illerle karşılaştırmalı
olarak bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır. Çalışmada TR83 bölgesinde yer alan
illerin kentsel rekabet gücünü belirlemede ‘beşeri sermaye ve yaşam kalitesi’ ,
‘markalaşma becerisi ve yenilikçilik’, ‘ticaret becerisi’ ve ‘erişilebilirlik’
olmak üzere dört endeks sınıflandırması altında 35 değişken kullanılacaktır.
İlk olarak değişkenlerin normalize edilmesi sağlanacak daha sonra da belirtilen
formüllerle analiz gerçekleştirilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: kentlerararası rekabet, bölgesel rekabet, rekabet
edebilirlik, kentsel rekabet edebilirlik, TR83.

            JEL Sınıflandırması: O18, P25, O57, O52, R15
Çalışma Yaşamı Kalitesi Ölçeği Geçerlilik Güvenirlik Çalışması: Sağlık Çalışanlarında Bir Uygulama
Authors: Macit Mustafa , Eren Arif Selim , Karaman Mesut , Demir İbrahim Enes
Published: December 2019

Bu araştırma
çalışma yaşam kalitesi ölçeğinin geçerlilik ve güvenirliğini belirlemek
amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma Gaziantep ilinde bir kamu hastanesinde
çalışmakta olan 209 sağlık personeli dâhilinde yürütülmüştür. Katılımcıların
%58’i kadın % 42’si erkektir. Medeni durumlarında %47’si bekâr %42’si evlidir.
Sağlık çalışanlarının %37’si 21-30 yaş aralığında iken, %45’i lisans mezunudur.
Statü olarak %46’sı hemşiredir. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 21 paket programı ve
AMOS programlarından yararlanılmıştır. Geçerlik, güvenirlik çalışması yapılan
ölçek Cacioppe (1980, 1984) tarafından çalışma yaşam kalitesini ölçmek amacıyla
tasarlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha değerinin 0,92 olduğu
saptanmıştır. Ölçek maddeleri doğrulayıcı faktör analizine tabi tutulmuştur.  Yapılan analizler soncunda; gelişim boyutu ile
ilgili güvenirlik değerinin 0,70’in ve açıklanan ortalama varyans değerinin de
0,50’nin altında olduğu ve bu boyut ile ilgili ayrışım ve benzeşim geçerliğinin
olmadığı görülmektedir. Diğer boyutlarla ilgili elde edilen veriler dikkate
alındığında ölçeğin ayrışım ve benzeşim geçerliği olduğu görülmektedir. Sonuç
olarak gelişim boyutu ile ilgili önermelerin gözden geçirilmesi gerektiği
görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sağlık Çalışanları, Çalışma Yaşam
Kalitesi, Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik

            JEL Sınıflandırması: M12, M19, M54
OECD Ülkelerinde Sağlık Harcamaları ile Kalkınma Arasındaki İlişki: Panel Veri Analizi
Authors: Şaşmaz Mahmut Ünsal , Odabaş Hakkı , Yayla Yunus Emre
Published: December 2019

Sağlık harcamaları ülkelerin kalkınma sürecinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır.
Beşeri bir yatırım türü olması nedeniyle sağlık harcamaları kalkınmanın
sağlanması açısından önemlidir. Bu nedenle sağlık harcamaları ile kalkınma
arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek önemli olmaktadır. Çalışmada panel veri analizinden
yararlanılarak 34 OECD ülkesinde 2000-2015 yılları arasında sağlık
harcamalarının kalkınma üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre,
sağlık harcamaları ile kalkınma arasında uzun vadeli bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte sağlık harcamalarının kalkınma üzerinde pozitif
bir etki meydana getirdiği tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan sağlık harcamaları
ile kalkınma arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir.Anahtar
Kelimeler: Sağlık, Harcama, Kalkınma, OECD            JEL Sınıflandırması: I15, O15, C15
İşsizlik ile Enflasyon Arasındaki İlişki: Türkiye’deki Düzey-2 Bölgeleri İçin Ampirik Bir Analiz
Authors: Polat Efdal
Published: December 2019

İşsizlik ve enflasyon oranları makroekonomik göstergeler
arasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Çünkü her iki göstergedeki olumlu veya
olumsuz bir değişme ülke ekonomisini dolaylı ya da doğrudan bir şekilde
etkilemektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de bulunan Düzey-2
bölgeleri için işsizlik ve enflasyon arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmektir.  2008-2017 yılları arası verileri kapsayan
çalışmada işsizlik ve enflasyon arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit edebilmek için panel
veri analizi kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada kullanılacak yöntemin
tahmini için F testi, Breusch-Pagan LM ve Honda testleri uygulanmıştır.
Uygulanan bu testler sonucunda sabit etkiler yönteminin çalışmanın analizi için
daha uygun olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra ise değişen varyans ve
otokorelasyon sorununun olup olmadığı analiz edilmiştir. Sabit etkiler modeli
esas alınarak yapılan en küçük kareler tahmin sonucuna göre işsizlik ve
enflasyon arasında negatif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir.  Anahtar Kelimeler: Enflasyon, İşsizlik, Panel Veri
Analizi, Türkiye, Düzey-2 BölgeleriJEL Sınıflandırması: E31, E24, C23