bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Massive Attack’s Blue Lines
Authors: Bourland Ian
Published: October 2019

In 1991, a loose-knit collective released a record called Blue Lines under the name Massive Attack, splicing together American hip-hop and soul with the sounds of the British underground. With its marauding bass lines, angular guitars, and psychedelic effects, Blue Lines built on the Caribbean soundsystems and nascent rave scene of the 1980s while also looking ahead to the group’s signature blend of epic cinematics and lush downtempo. In the process, Blue Lines invented an entirely new genre called trip hop and launched the career of a rapper named Tricky.

Ultimately, Blue Lines created the sonic playbook for an emerging future: hybrid, digital, cosmopolitan, and rooted in the black and immigrant communities who animated the urban wreckage of the postindustrial city. Massive Attack envisioned an alternate future in sharp counterpoint to the glossy triumphalism of Brit Pop. And while the group would go on to bigger things, this record was both a warning shot and a definitive statement that sounds as otherworldy today as on the day of its release. As Blue Lines’s iconic flame logo spun on turntables the world over, Massive Attack and their spaced-out urban blues reimagined music for the 1990s and beyond.
Characterization and comparison of PM2.5 oxidative potential assessed by two acellular assays
Authors: Gao Dong , Pollitt Krystal J. , Mulholland James A. , Russell Armistead G. , Weber Rodney J.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The capability of ambient particles to generate in vivo reactive oxygen species (ROS), called the oxidative potential (OP), is a potential metric for relating particulate matter (PM) to health effects and is supported by several recent epidemiological investigations. However, studies using various types of OP assays differ in their sensitivities to varying PM chemical components. In this study, we systematically compared two health-relevant acellular OP assays that track the depletion of antioxidants or reductant surrogates: the synthetic respiratory tract lining fluid (RTLF) assay that tracks the depletion of ascorbic acid (AA) and glutathione (GSH), and the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay that tracks the depletion of DTT. Year-long daily samples were collected at an urban site (Jefferson Street) in Atlanta during 2017 and both DTT and RTLF assays were applied to measure the OP of water-soluble PM2.5 components. PM2.5 mass and major chemical components, including metals, ions, and organic and elemental carbon were also analyzed. Correlation analysis found that OP as measured by the DTT and AA depletion (OPDTT and OPAA, respectively) were correlated with both organics and some water-soluble metal species, whereas that from the GSH depletion (OPGSH) was exclusively sensitive to water-soluble Cu. These OP assays were moderately correlated with each other due to the common contribution from metal ions. OPDTT and OPAA were moderately correlated with PM2.5 mass, with Pearson’s r = 0.55 and 0.56, respectively, whereas OPGSH had a significantly lower correlation (r = 0.24). There was little seasonal variation in the OP levels for all assays due to the weak seasonality of OP-associated species. Multivariate linear regression models were developed to predict OP measures from the particle composition data. The models indicated that the variabilities in OPDTT and OPAA were attributed to not only the concentrations of metal ions (mainly Fe and Cu) and organic compounds, but also antagonistic metal–organic and metal–metal interactions. OPGSH was sensitive to the change in water-soluble Cu and brown carbon (BrC), a proxy for ambient humic-like substances.
Effects of land use and anthropogenic aerosol emissions in the Roman Empire
Authors: Gilgen Anina , Wilkenskjeld Stiig , Kaplan Jed O. , Kühn Thomas , Lohmann Ulrike
Published: October 2019

Abstract. As one of the first transcontinental polities that led to widespread anthropogenic modification of the environment, the influence of the Roman Empire on European climate has been studied for more than 20 years. Recent advances in our understanding of past land use and aerosol–climate interactions make it valuable to revisit the way humans may have affected the climate of the Roman era. Here we estimate the effect of humans on some climate variables in the Roman Empire at its apogee, focusing on the impact of anthropogenic land cover and aerosol emissions. For this we combined existing land use scenarios with novel estimates (low, medium, high) of aerosol emissions from fuel combustion and burning of agricultural land. Aerosol emissions from agricultural burning were greater than those from fuel consumption but of the same order of magnitude. Using the global aerosol-enabled climate model ECHAM-HAM-SALSA, we conducted simulations with fixed sea-surface temperatures to gain a first impression about the possible climate impact of anthropogenic land cover and aerosols in the Roman Empire.
While land use effects induced a regional warming for one of the reconstructions caused by decreases in turbulent flux, aerosol emissions enhanced the cooling effect of clouds and thus led to a cooling in the Roman Empire. Quantifying the anthropogenic influence on climate is, however, challenging since our model likely overestimates aerosol-effective radiative forcing and prescribes the sea-surface temperatures.
Topographic controls on divide migration, stream capture, and
diversification in riverine life
Authors: Lyons Nathan J. , Val Pedro , Albert James S. , Willenbring Jane K. , Gasparini Nicole M.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Drainages reorganise in landscapes under diverse conditions and process dynamics. We investigated the relative control that Earth surface process parameters have on divide migration and stream capture in scenarios of base level fall and heterogeneous uplift. A model built with the Landlab toolkit was run 51,200 times in a sensitivity analysis that used globally observed values. Large-scale drainage reorganisation occurred only in the model runs within a limited combination of parameters and conditions. Uplift rate, rock erodibility, and the magnitude of perturbation (base level fall or fault displacement) had the greatest influence on drainage reorganisation. The relative magnitudes of perturbation and topographic relief limited landscape susceptibility to reorganisation. Stream captures occurred more often when the channel head distance to divide was low. Stream topology set by initial conditions strongly affected capture occurrence when the imposed uplift was spatially heterogeneous. We also modelled riverine species lineages as they developed in response to the single topographic perturbation. We used a new Landlab component called SpeciesEvolver that models species lineages at landscape scale. Simulated species populated to the modelled landscape were tracked and evolved using macroevolutionary process rules. More frequent stream capture and less frequent stream network disappearance due to divide migration increased speciation and decreased extinction, respectively, in the heterogeneous uplift scenario where final species diversity was often greater than the base level fall scenario. Under both scenarios, the landscape conditions that led to drainage reorganisation following a single perturbation also controlled diversification, especially for the species that evolved more rapidly in some model trials. These results illustrate the utility of SpeciesEvolver to explore how life evolves alongside landscapes. Future research applications of SpeciesEvolver can incorporate more complex climatic and tectonic forcings as they relate to macroevolution and surface processes, as well as region- and taxon-specific organisms based in rivers as well as those on continents at large.
Woody debris as a confounding factor in interpreting the width of
spring-fed streams
Authors: Lapides Dana Ariel , Manga Michael
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Spring-fed streams throughout volcanic regions of the western United States exhibit larger widths than runoff-fed streams with similar discharge. Due to the distinctive damped hydrograph of spring-fed streams, large woody debris is less mobile in spring-fed than runoff-fed stream channels. The consequent long residence time of wood in spring-fed streams allows wood to potentially have long-term impacts on channel morphology. We used high-resolution satellite imagery in combination with discharge and climate data from published reports and publicly available databases to investigate the relationship between discharge, woody debris length, and channel width in 38 spring-fed and 20 runoff-fed streams. We identify an order of magnitude more logjams than single logs per unit length present in runoff-fed streams as compared to spring-fed streams. Histograms of log orientation in spring-fed streams additionally confirm that single logs are immobile in the channel so that the impact of single logs on channel morphology could be pronounced in spring-fed streams. Based on these observed differences, we hypothesize that there should be a difference in channel morphology. We find that spring-fed streams in our study are about 2 times wider than runoff-fed streams with similar mean discharge. Additionally, a model for stream width in spring-fed streams based solely on length of wood is a better model than one derived from discharge or including both discharge and wood length. This study provides insights into controls on stream width in spring-fed streams by identifying a strong correlation between wood length and stream width and confirming that spring-fed streams are significantly wider than runoff-fed streams.
Improving permafrost physics in the coupled Canadian Land Surface Scheme (v.3.6.2) and Canadian Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (v.2.1) (CLASS-CTEM)
Authors: Melton Joe R. , Verseghy Diana L. , Sospedra-Alfonso Reinel , Gruber Stephan
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The Canadian Land Surface Scheme and Canadian Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (CLASS-CTEM) together form the land surface component of the Canadian Earth System Model (CanESM). Here, we investigate the impact of changes to CLASS-CTEM that are designed to improve the simulation of permafrost physics. Overall, 18 tests were performed, including changing the model configuration (number and depth of ground layers, different soil permeable depth datasets, adding a surface moss layer), and investigating alternative parameterizations of soil hydrology, soil thermal conductivity, and snow properties. To evaluate these changes, CLASS-CTEM outputs were compared to 1570 active layer thickness (ALT) measurements from 97 observation sites that are part of the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost (GTN-P), 105 106 monthly ground temperature observations from 132 GTN-P borehole sites, a blend of five observation-based snow water equivalent (SWE) datasets (Blended-5), remotely sensed albedo, and seasonal discharge for major rivers draining permafrost regions. From the tests performed, the final revised model configuration has more ground layers (increased from 3 to 20) extending to greater depth (from 4.1 to 61.4 m) and uses a new soil permeable depths dataset with a surface layer of moss added. The most beneficial change to the model parameterizations was incorporation of unfrozen water in frozen soils. These changes to CLASS-CTEM cause a small improvement in simulated SWE with little change in surface albedo but greatly improve the model performance at the GTN-P ALT and borehole sites. Compared to the GTN-P observations, the revised CLASS-CTEM ALTs have a weighted mean absolute error (wMAE) of 0.41–0.47 m (depending on configuration), improved from >2.5 m for the original model, while the borehole sites see a consistent improvement in wMAE for most seasons and depths considered, with seasonal wMAE values for the shallow surface layers of the revised model simulation of at most 3.7 ∘C, which is 1.2 ∘C more than the wMAE of the screen-level air temperature used to drive the model as compared to site-level observations (2.5 ∘C). Subgrid heterogeneity estimates were derived from the standard deviation of ALT on the 1 km2 measurement grids at the GTN-P ALT sites, the spread in wMAE in grid cells with multiple GTN-P ALT sites, as well as from 35 boreholes measured within a 1200 km2 region as part of the Slave Province Surficial Materials and Permafrost Study. Given the size of the model grid cells (approximately 2.8∘), subgrid heterogeneity makes it likely difficult to appreciably reduce the wMAE of ALT or borehole temperatures much further.
An improved method of Newmark analysis for mapping hazards of
coseismic landslides
Authors: Zang Mingdong , Qi Shengwen , Zou Yu , Sheng Zhuping , Zamora Blanca S.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Coseismic landslides have been responsible for destroyed buildings and structures, dislocated roads and bridges, cut off of pipelines and lifelines, and tens of thousands of deaths. Accurately mapping the hazards of coseismic landslides is an important and challenge work. Newmark's method is widely applied to assess the permanent displacement along a potential slide surface to determine the coseismic responses of the slope. This paper considers the roughness and size effect of the potential slide surface-unloading joint, and then presents an improved method of Newmark analysis for mapping hazard of coseismic landslides. The improved method is verified using data from a case study of the 2014 Mw 6.1 (USGS) Ludian earthquake in Yunnan Province, China. The permanent displacement yielded from this method range from 0 to 122 cm. Comparisons are made between the predicted displacements and a comprehensive inventory of landslides triggered by the Ludian earthquake to map the spatial variability using certainty factor model (CFM). Confidence levels of coseismic landslides indicated by certainty factors range from −1 to 0.95. A coseismic landslide hazard map is then produced based on the spatial distribution of the values of certainty factors. Area under the curve analysis is used to draw a comparison between the improved and conventional method of Newmark analysis, revealing the improved performance of the method presented in this paper. Such method can be applied to predict the hazard zone of the region and provide guidelines for making decisions regarding infrastructure development and post-earthquake reconstruction.
Advection Impacts the Firn Structure of Greenland's Percolation Zone
Authors: Leone Rosemary , Harper Joel , Meierbachtol Toby , Humphrey Neil
Published: October 2019

Abstract. One dimensional simulations of firn evolution neglect horizontal transport during burial. Using a suite of model runs, we demonstrate the impacts of advection on the development of firn density, temperature, and the stratigraphy of melt features the 0Greenland ice sheet percolation zone. The simulations isolate processes in synthetic runs, and investigate four specific transects and an ice core site. The advection process tends to increase the pore close-off depth, reduce the heat content, and decrease the frequency of melt features with depth by emplacing firn sourced from higher locations under increasingly warm and melt-affected surface conditions. Horizontal ice flow interacts with topography, climate gradients, and meltwater infiltration to influence the evolution of the firn column structure; the interaction between these variables modulates the impact of advection on firn at locations around Greenland. Pore close-off and firn temperature are mainly impacted in the lowermost 20 km of the percolation zone, which may be relevant to migration of the lower percolation zone. Relatively high in the percolation zone, however, the stratigraphy of melt features can have an advection derived component that should not be conflated with changing climate.
Gestão de revista científica acadêmica: implantação de um template na revista Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Authors: Berni Clenio Perlin , Mallmann Elena Maria
Published: October 2019

Em um contexto de fácil ingresso e agilidade na troca de informações, deseja-se o aperfeiçoamento de ferramentas do sistema usado por periódicos, viabilizando o livre acesso à produção científica, permitindo a disseminação do conhecimento de forma mais dinâmica. Sendo assim, o problema central desse artigo é gerado a partir de reflexões acerca de como o acesso inicial para o envio de trabalhos pode ser otimizado e operacionalizado em plataforma eletrônica. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa objetivou a inserção de um template (modelo de padronização dos artigos originais recebidos) para o recebimento de artigos enviados ao periódico Educação (UFSM) do Centro de Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, via Sistema Eletrônico de Editoração de Revistas (SEER). Foi elaborado um template, que teve como propósito auxiliar a produção do texto pelos autores, padronizando o envio dos trabalhos. Após a implantação do template, foi utilizado como método de pesquisa, a aplicação de questionários junto aos autores e avaliadores ad hoc. O template implantado junto ao SEER, além de facilitar a interpretação das normas pelos autores, agilizou o processo editorial, uma vez que não será mais preciso retrabalhar os arquivos que chegam até o setor em diferentes formatações. Concluiu-se que a implantação do template foi eficaz para a revista, consolidando a gestão via portais institucionais, uma vez que não será mais necessário editorar os artigos na sua íntegra, fazendo com que os autores já digitalizem o seu artigo em campos específicos.
Teachers’ and Students’ Opinions About Students’ Attention Problems During the Lesson
Authors: Cicekci Mehmet Ali , Sadik Fatma
Published: October 2019

This research which investigates teachers’ and students’ opinions about students’ attention problems during the lesson is a descriptive study in the survey model. 432 teachers and 1023 students from secondary schools in the central districts of Adana voluntarily participated in the study. The research data were collected with a Written Interview Form developed by the researchers and a descriptive content analysis was used for data analysis. As a result of the research, it was observed that the teachers perceived the attention problems that the students experienced during the course mostly as a problem arising from the students themselves while the students associate this problem not only with themselves, but also with other students, teachers and the environment. According to the results, teachers as well as students easily noticed the psychological characteristics, the behaviors they exhibited and their low academic performance, but the teachers evaluate this situation more as disciplinary problems. The solution suggestions of the teachers who kept the attention problems of the students out of their own sphere and their teaching practices were that passing exams should be harder and discipline regulations should change to facilitate punishment. The students stated that teachers should show more interest towards the students, approach the students positively and use a variety of teaching methods in accordance with the students’ level.
2019/25 Dismissal of an employee with a reduced-hours job who reached the statutory retirement age did not constitute unlawful discrimination (DK)
Authors: Clasen Christian K.
Published: October 2019

2019/25 Dismissal of an employee with a reduced-hours job who reached the statutory retirement age did not constitute unlawful discrimination (DK)

In a recent judgment, the Danish Supreme Court has established that it does not constitute unlawful discrimination under the Anti-Discrimination Act when a disabled employee is dismissed. The employee had a publicly funded reduced-hours job, but reached the statutory retirement age for which reason the public funding lapsed, and that was the reason for the dismissal.
2019/32 Belgian jurisdiction and labour law apply despite contractual choice for Irish law and jurisdiction
Authors: Busschaert Gautier
Published: October 2019

2019/32 Belgian jurisdiction and labour law apply despite contractual choice for Irish law and jurisdiction

The Latvian Supreme Court recently used the ECJ Max Planck and Kreuziger judgments to explain how an employer can escape its obligation to compensate an employee for unused leave at the end of the employment relationship. The employer must prove that (a) it was possible for the employee to use the leave, and (b) the employer has in good time informed the employee that leave, if not used, might be lost and will not be compensated.
2019/33 Is hiring of employees of a former service provider subject to transfer of undertaking legislation? (IT)
Authors: Rucci Caterina
Published: October 2019

2019/33 Is hiring of employees of a former service provider subject to transfer of undertaking legislation? (IT)

The Italian Court of Cassation has interpreted a new provision referring to the obligations of the new service provider towards the employees of the former provider.
2019/37 The non-competition duties of a dismissed employee exempted from work during the notice period (LU)
Authors: Molitor Michel , Muller Régis
Published: October 2019

2019/37 The non-competition duties of a dismissed employee exempted from work during the notice period (LU)

The Luxembourg Court of Appeal (Cour d’appel de Luxembourg) confirmed that an employee dismissed with notice and exempted from performing their work during the notice period is no longer bound by the non-competition duties arising from their loyalty obligation and can therefore engage in an employment contract with a direct competitor of their former employer during that exempted notice period. However, the Court of Appeal decided that, even if the former employee is in principle entitled to use the know-how and knowledge they acquired with their former employer, the poaching of clients during the notice period must, due to the facts and circumstances and in the light of the rules applicable in the financial sector, be considered as an unfair competition act and therefore constitutes serious misconduct justifying the termination of the employment contract with immediate effect.
Wie het meerdere mag – over het gebruik van het recht van initiatief
Authors: Veerman G.J.
Published: October 2019

Wie het meerdere mag – over het gebruik van het recht van initiatief

In dit artikel wordt verslag gedaan van een empirisch onderzoek naar het gebruik van het recht van de Tweede Kamer initiatiefwetsvoorstellen in te dienen. In de periode 2007-2018 werden 151 initiatiefvoorstellen ingediend, waarvan er 36 het Staatsblad bereikten; 83 waren nog in behandeling. Vanaf 2011 is sprake van een verdubbeling (gemiddeld 15 per jaar). De meeste worden ingediend door de oppositie; hun kans op aanvaarding is iets kleiner dan die van de coalitie. Gezamenlijke voorstellen hebben een grote kans wet te worden. Gepoogd wordt een relatie te leggen met de diverse functies die het initiatiefrecht kan hebben: de besturende, de politieke, de publicitaire en de parlementair expressieve functie.
Initiatiefwetgeving: een lange hordeloop (met kans op eeuwige roem)
Authors: Linthorst H.M.
Published: October 2019

Initiatiefwetgeving: een lange hordeloop (met kans op eeuwige roem)

Het initiatiefrecht biedt de mogelijkheid om ook buiten de meerderheid van een coalitie veranderingen in onze rechtsorde tot stand te brengen. Als Kamerleden het initiatief voor een wetsvoorstel nemen, staat de politieke rationaliteit voorop. De ‘Handreiking ambtelijke bijstand bij initiatiefwetgeving’ legt echter de nadruk op andere rationaliteiten, in het bijzonder de financiële. Zij kan leiden tot minder vertrouwen tussen Kamerleden en bijstandsverleners vanuit de ministeries. De controledrift die uit de Handreiking blijkt, manifesteert zich ook waar in het kader van het huidige regeerakkoord is afgesproken welke initiatiefwetsvoorstellen niet verder worden behandeld of niet aanhangig mogen worden gemaakt.
Comparison of single-layer continues or two-layer interrupted pancreatojejunal suture in Frey procedure for treatment of chronic pancreatitis: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Šileikis Audrius , Jurevičius Saulius , Butvila Mykolas , Strupas Kęstutis
Published: October 2019

Background
Many patients with chronic pancreatitis are elected for surgery when endoscopic interventions are ineffective. Duodenum preserving pancreatic head resection introduced by Charles F. Frey is the most common procedure used for surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis. However, technical aspects of this procedure have not been studied extensively.
Goal
Our prospective randomized study is aimed to compare usage of single-layer continuous (I group) and two-layer interrupted sutures (II group) in constructing pancreatojejunostomy after Frey procedure.
Methods and materials
In a period between 2009 and 2016, a total of 103 patients, diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis and determined medical indications for surgical treatment were included into the study and randomized into group I (52 patients) and group II (51 patients). Preoperative, intraoperative patient characteristics and postoperative results were compared between both groups.
Results
Mean duration of surgery was statistically shorter in group I - 210 min., while in group II - 240 min (p =0,004). Pancreatojejunoanastomosis construction time was shorter in group I - 19 (±6) min versus 51 (±18) min in group II, p <0,001. No statistically relevant differences were observed in postoperative morbidity: group I - 51,9 % and group II - 45,1 % (p = 0,177) and mortality: group I - 3,8 % and group II - 2 % (p = 0,636).
Conclusions
Frey procedure using single-layer continuous pancreatojejunostomy is safe, fast and less complex method in surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis.
THE INFLUENCE OF ECCENTRICITY CHANGES
ON POWER LOSSES IN CYCLOIDAL GEARING
Authors: BEDNARCZYK Sławomir , JANKOWSKI Ludomir , KRAWCZYK Justyna
Published: October 2019

Gearing is one of the most important rolling nodes in a cycloidal planetary transmission. It consists of
gears whose outlines are created according to cycloidal curves and the rollers cooperating with them. The
epicycloidal and hypocycloidal gearing can be distinguished. There are power losses during the transmission
operation, due to the transmitted load and friction in the gearing. The paper presents an analytical method
for determining losses in cycloidal gearing, taking into account the manufacturing deviations of the elements
making this gearing. The analysis allowed determining the distribution of intertooth clearances and forces at
the points of contact between the profiles and the rollers, and consequently the distribution of power losses in
gearing. The distribution of intertooth forces was verified by elastooptic tests of the gears set with cycloidal
gearing. The results of the calculations indicate that the influence of eccentricity changes on the distribution
of intertooth forces is significant and also that the distribution of power losses in gearing is closely related to
the distribution of intertooth forces and has a very similar character.
THE EFFECT OF THE METHOD AND PARAMETERS OF THE
HEAT TREATMENT ON ABRASIVE WEAR RESISTANCE OF 38GSA
STEEL
Authors: KONAT Łukasz , NAPIÓRKOWSKI Jerzy
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the structure and the results of abrasive wear resistance testing for 38GSA steel in an asdelivered
condition (after heat refining) and after volume hardening. Based on the tests conducted by both light
and scanning microscopy methods, it was demonstrated that, due to the performed technological operations,
this steel differed significantly in terms of structure compared to the as-delivered condition, which affected its
performance characteristics. In an as-delivered condition, 38GSA (38MnSi4) steel is characterised by a finegrained
ferrite-pearlite structure with martensite areas arranged in bands, which significantly differs from the
structure typical of the state of equilibrium. After volume hardening, the steel in question is characterised by
a homogeneous fine-stripped martensite structure with clearly visible former austenite grain boundaries. The
obtained results of structural testing on 38GSA steel were related to the actual abrasive wear resistance indices
obtained by the “rotating bowl” method using various abrasive soil mass types. Tests conducted in the following
soils, i.e. light (loamy sand), medium (light loam) and heavy (common loam), including hardness measurements,
showed a close relationship between the results obtained for abrasive wear resistance and the phase structure
resulting from the heat treatment state of the tested material. The obtained results of the tests on 38GSA steel
were compared to those for low-alloyed martensitic abrasive wear resistant steels Hardox 500 and Brinar 500.
Sarcopenia and myokines profile as risk factors in cardiovascular diseases?
Authors: Ciołkiewicz Mariusz , Kuryliszyn-Moskal Anna , Hryniewicz Anna , Kamiński Karol
Published: October 2019

Skeletal muscles and substances released during physical activity (myokines) have a beneficial influence on the functioning of the organism. Myokines (released also by myocardium) together with hepatokines and adipokines play an important role not only in energetic metabolism, but they also influence, among others, the function of the circulatory and nervous systems, modulation of inflammatory state and atherogenesis. Under pathological conditions connected with the presence of chronic diseases, chronic inflammatory state, low physical activity, long-term immobility the following consequences are observed: reduction of muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia) and changed profile of released myokines. The incidence of sarcopenia is connected with an unfavorable course of the aging process, often leading to disability and multiple morbidities. Sarcopenia can also lead to frailty syndrome, which not only worsens the prognosis of various diseases, but it can also increase the risk of medical procedures. Sarcopenia and adverse przymyokine profile are modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and affecting them may improve functional status and prognosis. An important intervention to improve muscles function and myokine profile, apart from nutritional treatment and pharmacotherapy, is regular physical activity as a component of cardiac rehabilitation. In our paper we focused on a review of the newest research regarding the association of sarcopenia and the profile of released myokines with incidence and course of cardiovascular diseases such as chronic heart failure, coronary artery disease, carotid artery atherosclerosis or ischemic cerebral stroke.
Is There No Gomorrah?
Authors: Daniels Brandy ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2019

Ecclesial practices have long served as a resource in and for Christian ethical scholarship; drawing on both the postliberal tradition and critical identity studies, a number of contemporary theologians and ethicists have turned to ecclesial practices as a liberative resource for marginalized identities and oppressed communities. Through a close reading of two contemporary examples of this ethical approach, this essay outlines and critically examines how Christian identity, belonging, and practice function discursively, subsuming difference into religious sameness, in ways that perpetuate the systemic and social injustices they aim to address and combat. Drawing on recent critiques of the theo-ethical turns to practice by Katie Grimes and Lauren Winner, and on feminist philosopher Lynne Huffer’s ethics of narrative performance, this essay proposes a more critical attention to difference for and within ethical turns to Christian practices, and begins to outline potential paths forward.
Impact of the 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists HER2 Guideline Updates on HER2 Assessment in Breast Cancer With Equivocal HER2 Immunohistochemistry Results With Focus on Cases With HER2/CEP17 Ratio <2.0 and Average HER2 Copy Number ≥4.0 and <6.0
Authors: Hoda Raza S. , Brogi Edi , Xu Jin , Ventura Katia , Ross Dara S. , Dang Chau , Robson Mark , Norton Larry , Morrow Monica , Wen Hannah Y.
Published: October 2019

Context.—

The American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists HER2 testing guideline in breast cancer was updated in 2018 to address issues on interpretation of uncommon results using dual-probe in situ hybridization according to the 2013 guideline.

Objective.—

To assess impact of the 2018 guideline on breast cancer with equivocal HER2 immunohistochemistry results.

Design.—

We retrospectively reviewed HER2 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) data (HER2/CEP17 ratio and average HER2 copy number per cell) of HER2 immunohistochemistry–equivocal (2+ or 1+ to 2+) breast cancers at our center between January 2014 and May 2018 and compared HER2 FISH results according to 2013 and 2018 guidelines.

Results.—

A total of 1666 HER2 FISH results from 1421 patients with equivocal HER2 immunohistochemistry were reviewed. Based on the 2013 guideline, HER2 FISH results were amplified in 346 cases (20.8%), equivocal in 242 (14.5%), and nonamplified in 1078 (64.7%). Using the 2018 guideline, 258 cases (16%) were reclassified, including 242 previously equivocal test results (15%) and 16 previously positive results (1%) reclassified as negative. The subset of 2013 HER2-equivocal and 2018 HER2-nonamplified cases with HER2/CEP17 ratio lower than 2.0 and average HER2 copy number 4.0 or higher and lower than 6.0 showed higher incidence of micropapillary morphology compared with HER2-amplified cases. Despite most patients in this group not receiving HER2-targeted treatment, 96% had no evidence of disease at follow-up.

Conclusions.—

The 2018 guideline eliminated HER2 FISH–equivocal cases by reclassifying HER2-equivocal cases and cases with nonclassical amplification without HER2 overexpression as HER2 negative. As a consequence, we observed a considerable increase in HER2 FISH–negative cases and a slight decrease in HER2 FISH–positive cases.
A formação de instrutores de Libras: a consolidação das políticas linguísticas na Amazônia Tocantina
Authors: Oliveira Waldma Maira Menezes de , Oliveira Ivanilde Apoluceno de
Published: October 2019

O estudo apresenta registros e reflexões sobre as políticas linguísticas na Amazônia Tocantina no tange à formação de instrutores de Libras. As políticas linguísticas apresentam raízes nas políticas públicas e ao pensar nelas no campo da surdez enfatiza-se a importância de um espaço e uma educação bilíngue para Surdos e profissionais capacitados em Libras – instrutores e intérpretes. Por tratar desse objeto, o Grupo de Estudos Surdos na Amazônia Tocantina (GESAT), propôs em 2017 a formação de instrutores de Libras com o intuito de formar profissionais para o ensino de Libras nas escolas do Campo e reafirmar as políticas linguísticas no campo das diferenças. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as contribuições do curso na formação e capacitação deste profissional e de maneira específica problematizar a atuação dos instrutores de Libras Surdos enquanto modelo linguístico e identitário. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo de abordagem qualitativa com ênfase na Teoria das Representações Sociais de característica processual de Moscovici (2009). Os entrevistados foram quatro Surdos egressos da formação. Nos resultados observou-se que os entrevistados marcaram sua atuação como: consolidação das políticas públicas e linguísticas na área da Libras e como modelo identitário para o ensino de Surdos pautado no reconhecimento da diferença como alteridade e no bilinguismo.
Espécies arbóreas tóxicas presentes na arborização urbana do município de Santarém, Pará
Authors: Baumann Sarah Stephanie Rebelo Traian , Brígida Camila Amorim Santa , Silva Jaine Beatriz Sousa da , Lima Pricila da Silva , Rabelo Livia Karine Lima , Pires Eldeane de Castro , Maestri Mayra Piloni , Aquino Marina Gabriela Cardoso de
Published: October 2019

São muitos os benefícios proporcionados pela arborização em vias urbanas, contudo, deve-se conhecer as características das espécies que irão compor a floresta urbana, pois existem plantas que produzem substâncias tóxicas ao ser humano. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as espécies com princípios tóxicos arborização urbana de 11 praças e 4 ruas do município de Santarém. Foram inventariados todos os indivíduos arbóreos com altura igual ou superior a 1,5 m. Quanto à origem das espécies, consideraram-se nativas aquelas originárias de formações vegetais ocorrentes no Brasil. As espécies que ocorrem em outros ecossistemas diferentes dos que aparecem em território brasileiro, foram consideradas exóticas e a toxicidade das espécies foi determinada a partir da metodologia de revisão de literatura. Foram identificadas 1656 árvores pertencentes a 48 espécies, onde 21% exibem algum princípio tóxico, 35% não são consideradas tóxicas e 44% não foi possível encontrar na literatura. Foi observado que a maioria das espécies tóxicas são nativas (60%). Os indivíduos tóxicos mais frequentes foram Mangifera indica L. (Mangueira), com 62,32%; Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Nim), com 18,37% e Ficus benjamina L. (Ficus), com 13,85%. Apesar de 751 indivíduos apresentarem princípios tóxicos não recomenda-se necessariamente a remoção destes, apenas deve-se investir em programas que informem as pessoas do possível perigo que estas espécies representam.
Visual Infotainment in the political news
Authors: Photiou Irene , Papadopoulou Lambrini , Eleftheriadou Artemis , Maniou Theodora A.
Published: October 2019

This article introduces the concept of visual infotainment, the aspects of infotainment found in visual artefacts employed in the news. Using a case study, we examine the photographs published in the digital media to report on the negotiations between the Greek- and Turkish-Cypriot communities, which took place in 2016 and 2017. A four-level visual framing analysis is used to identify a consistent set of frames. It aims to identify the political ideologies that appear to be behind the visual infotainment in these pictorial reports, and the specific ways in which hard news can be transformed into soft news. Our research confirms the presence of visual infotainment elements of personalisation, emotion, morbidity and sensationalism. Overall, the study shows that visual infotainment serves to establish visual frames produced by and for contradictory propagandas, one of which favours ethnic nationalism while the other promotes confl ict resolution.
Native adiponectin in serum binds to mammalian cells expressing T-cadherin, but not AdipoRs or calreticulin
Authors: Kita Shunbun , Fukuda Shiro , Maeda Norikazu , Shimomura Iichiro
Published: October 2019

Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived atypically abundant circulating factor that protects various organs and tissues through its receptors, AdipoRs, calreticulin, and T-cadherin. To identify the major binding partner of circulating native adiponectin, we expressed these receptors on the surface of HEK293 cells. Adiponectin, either that in mouse or human serum, purified from serum, or produced by mammalian cells, bound to cells expressing T-cadherin, but not to those expressing AdipoR1 or calreticulin. The stable introduction of T-cadherin and AdipoR1 into CHO cells resulted in the cell surface localization of these receptors. Native adiponectin in serum bound to cells expressing T-cadherin, not to those expressing AdipoR1. The knockdown of T-cadherin, but not AdipoRs resulted in the significant attenuation of native adiponectin binding to C2C12 myotubes. Therefore, native adiponectin binding depended on the amount of T-cadherin expressed in HEK293 cells, CHO cells, and C2C12 myotubes. Collectively, our mammalian cell-based studies suggest that T-cadherin is the major binding partner of native adiponectin in serum.
Single-cell transcriptomes and whole-brain projections of serotonin neurons in the mouse dorsal and median raphe nuclei
Authors: Ren Jing , Isakova Alina , Friedmann Drew , Zeng Jiawei , Grutzner Sophie M , Pun Albert , Zhao Grace Q , Kolluru Sai Saroja , Wang Ruiyu , Lin Rui , Li Pengcheng , Li Anan , Raymond Jennifer L , Luo Qingming , Luo Minmin , Quake Stephen R , Luo Liqun
Published: October 2019

Serotonin neurons of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei (DR, MR) collectively innervate the entire forebrain and midbrain, modulating diverse physiology and behavior. To gain a fundamental understanding of their molecular heterogeneity, we used plate-based single-cell RNA-sequencing to generate a comprehensive dataset comprising eleven transcriptomically distinct serotonin neuron clusters. Systematic in situ hybridization mapped specific clusters to the principal DR, caudal DR, or MR. These transcriptomic clusters differentially express a rich repertoire of neuropeptides, receptors, ion channels, and transcription factors. We generated novel intersectional viral-genetic tools to access specific subpopulations. Whole-brain axonal projection mapping revealed that DR serotonin neurons co-expressing vesicular glutamate transporter-3 preferentially innervate the cortex, whereas those co-expressing thyrotropin-releasing hormone innervate subcortical regions in particular the hypothalamus. Reconstruction of 50 individual DR serotonin neurons revealed diverse and segregated axonal projection patterns at the single-cell level. Together, these results provide a molecular foundation of the heterogenous serotonin neuronal phenotypes.
Identification of research trends concerning application of stent implantation in the treatment of pancreatic diseases by quantitative and biclustering analysis: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhu Xuan , Niu Xing , Li Tao , Liu Chang , Chen Lijie , Tan Guang
Published: October 2019

Objectives

In recent years, with the development of biological materials, the types and clinical applications of stents have been increasing in pancreatic diseases. However, relevant problems are also constantly emerging. Our purpose was to summarize current hotspots and explore potential topics in the fields of the application of stent implantation in the treatment of pancreatic diseases for future scientific research.

Methods

Publications on the application of stents in pancreatic diseases were retrieved from PubMed without language limits. High-frequency Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms were identified through Bibliographic Item Co-Occurrence Matrix Builder (BICOMB). Biclustering analysis results were visualized utilizing the gCLUTO software. Finally, we plotted a strategic diagram.

Results

A total of 4,087 relevant publications were obtained from PubMed until May 15th, 2018. Eighty-three high-frequency MeSH terms were identified. Biclustering analysis revealed that these high-frequency MeSH terms were classified into eight clusters. After calculating the density and concentricity of each cluster, strategy diagram was presented. The cluster 5 “complications such as pancreatitis associated with stent implantation” was located at the fourth quadrant with high centricity and low density.

Conclusions

In our study, we found eight topics concerning the application of stent implantation in the treatment of pancreatic diseases. How to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and improve the prognosis of patients with pancreatic diseases by stent implantation could become potential hotspots in the future research.
Selection of appropriate reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis under abiotic stress and hormone treatment in celery
Authors: Feng Kai , Liu Jie-xia , Xing Guo-Ming , Sun Sheng , Li Sen , Duan Ao-Qi , Wang Feng , Li Meng-Yao , Xu Zhi-Sheng , Xiong Ai-Sheng
Published: October 2019

Celery is one of the most important vegetable crop and its yield and quality is influenced by many environmental factors. Researches on gene expression not only help to unravel the molecular regulatory mechanism but also identify the key genes in the biological response. RT-qPCR is a commonly used technology to quantify the gene expression. Selecting an appropriate reference gene is an effective approach to improve the accuracy of RT-qPCR assay. To our knowledge, the evaluation of reference genes under different treatments in celery has not been reported yet. In this study, the expression stabilities of eight candidate reference genes (ACTIN, eIF-4α, GAPDH, TBP, TUB-A, UBC, TUB-B, and EF-1α) under abiotic stresses (heat, cold, drought, and salt) and hormone treatments (SA, MeJA, GA, and ABA) were detected. The expression stabilities of candidate genes were compared and ranked by geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, ΔCt, and RefFinder programs. The results calculated by different programs were not completely consistent. Considering the comprehensive analysis results, ACTIN was the most stable reference gene and TUB-B showed the worst expression stabilities under the selected abiotic stress and hormone treatments in celery. The reliability of reference genes was further confirmed by the normalization of CAT1 gene under drought stress. This study presented evidences and basis to select the appropriate reference genes under different treatments in celery.
Cloninger’s TCI associations with adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies
Authors: Chae Han , Park Soo Hyun , Garcia Danilo , Lee Soo Jin
Published: October 2019

Background

Cognitive emotion regulation plays a crucial role in psychopathology, resilience and well-being by regulating response to stress situations. However, the relationship between personality and adaptive and maladaptive regulation has not been sufficiently examined.

Methods

Adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies of 247 university students were measured using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) and their temperament and character characteristics were analyzed with the Temperament and Character Inventory—Revised Short (TCI-RS). Two-step hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to analyze whether TCI-RS explains the use of adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. The latent classes of cognitive emotion regulation strategies were extracted with Latent Class Analysis (LCA) and significant differences in the subscales of CERQ and TCI-RS were examined with Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and Profile Analysis after controlling for sex and age.

Results

The two-step hierarchical multiple regression model using the seven TCI-RS subscales explained 32.30% of the adaptive and 41.70% of the maladaptive CERQ subscale scores when sex and age were introduced in the first step as covariates. As for temperament, Novelty Seeking (NS) and Persistence (PS) were pivotal for adaptive and Harm Avoidance (HA) and PS for maladaptive CERQ total scores. In addition, the character traits Self-Directedness (SD) and Cooperativeness (CO) were critical for high adaptive and low maladaptive CERQ scores. Four latent emotion regulation classes were confirmed through LCA, and distinct TCI-RS profiles were found. The temperament trait HA and character trait SD were significantly different among the four latent emotion regulation classes.

Discussion

This study demonstrated that SD and CO are related to cognitive emotion regulation strategies along with psychological health and well-being, and that PS exhibits dualistic effects when combined with NS or HA on response to stressful situations. The importance of developing mature character represented by higher SD and CO in regard to mental health and its clinical implementation was discussed.