bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I Have a Dream…Altering New Zealand Medical Students’ Interpretation Bias of Māori in Healthcare Using Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM)
Authors: Hsu Che-Wei , Akuhata-Huntington Zaine
Published: August 2023

Health inequity is commonly experienced by marginalized populations and is a risk factor for developing health problems. One major contributor to health inequity is implicit (unconscious) bias. Many existing bias trainings aim to shift individuals' stereotype beliefs and evaluations of marginalized groups (the ‘what’ training), which can be challenging as these beliefs and evaluations are intrinsic. Here, we developed and tested a novel digital bias training tool called cognitive bias modification for stereotype (CBM-S), a tool designed to address more malleable context-dependent thinking patterns (the ‘how’ training). CBM-S uses an implicit learning task designed to force a less biased interpretation of situations involving Māori patients, an indigenous population of Aotearoa New Zealand. Using a pre-post training design, we tested the effectiveness of a single session 59-item CBM-S training session delivered via a web application against an active-reading control group. We adopted three implicit bias measures at pre- and post-test: two interpretation bias tests and one beliefs/evaluation assessment. Additionally, explicit bias measures were administered at post-test. Following CBM-S training, we found a reduction over time in stereotype interpretation bias scores with moderate practical significance (n2p= .11). Further analysis revealed a similar reduction in post-training stereotype bias scores after adjusting for baseline bias scores (n2p= .07). We found no significant differences in the beliefs/evaluation test scores or the explicit bias measures between the intervention and control groups but observed positive correlations between interpretation bias and explicit bias scores. Implications and potential applications are discussed.
Popular Events Detection from Blogs/Forums and Analyzing the Pattern of Users' Opinionwith Stock Market Movement
Authors: Ray Paramita , Chakrabarti Amlan
Published: August 2023

Frequently, individuals share their thoughts on socialmedia regarding diverse events and policy announcements. The challenge of discerning how news or social events influencefluctuations in stock prices is a prominent one. Many investorshave come to recognize that gauging the impact of an event onstock prices holds a pivotal role in making informed strategicchoices. However, identifying relevant events within the realm ofsocial media presents a formidable obstacle. To address this issue,our study is structured into two distinct phases: In the initial partof our investigation, we have collected data pertaining to economicpolicies from the Government of India’s budget speechesin 2020 and 2021, alongside stock-related information from newspapers,stock blogs, and forums. Subsequently, we harnessed anarray of natural language processing (NLP) techniques to extractaspects and phrases from this textual data. It is worth noting thatconventional NLP methods often encounter difficulties when dealingwith new instances and necessitate substantial training data.To overcome this, we devised a strategy involving a combinationof predefined linguistic patterns with NLP methodologies, therebyenhancing the precision of our approach. This comprehensivedataset facilitated the identification of a diverse array of publicinterest events, encompassing political occurrences and economictrends. The next phase of our study introduces an algorithmdesigned to identify popular events within the realm of socialmedia. Additionally, we examine how sentiments and opinionsrelated to these events can exert influence on movements in thestock market. The strategy most likely includes sentiment analysisand an investigation of the correlations between fluctuations instock prices and social media sentiment. Notably, our proposedmethodology has demonstrated superior performance comparedto prevailing methods, particularly in terms of overall accuracy.
Deubiquitination of UTP14A stabilizes HIF-1α and promotes melanoma angiogenesis
Authors: Ying Yu , Lu Quansheng , Zhang Yaxin , Jiang Guan
Published: August 2023

Objective To discuss the effects of UTP14A on the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of melanoma, HIF-1α and its downstream pathway, and offer new clues for the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma.
Methods After over expression/knockdown of UTP14A, the effects of UTP14A on proliferation, migration, invasion of melanoma cells and angiogenesis of HUVEC cells were observed by CCK8, plate cloning, transwell and angiogenesis assay. CoIP and immunofluorescence were used to identify the interaction between UTP14A and HIF-1α. The subcutaneous tumorigenesis was performed in nude mice. Tumor size and weight were observed, and angiogenesis mimicry of melanoma tissue was observed by HE staining.
Results The results of CCK8 assay, plate cloning assay and mouse subcutaneous
tumor formation assay showed that UTP14A promoted the proliferation of melanoma in vivo and in vitro. Transwell experiment demonstrated that UTP14A promotes melanoma migration and invasion. HE staining of mouse tumor tissue indicated that UTP14A promotes the angiogenesis. It was found that UTP14A could up-regulate the expression of HIF-1α. The response experiment verified that UTP14A upstream of HIF-1α. IP experiment confirmed that UTP14A stabilizes HIF-1α by deubiquitinating.
Conclusion UTP14A promotes the progression of melanoma, and UTP14A promotes the proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis of melanoma by stabilizing HIF-1α through deubiquitinating.
DrCSE: A New Framework For Software Vulnerability Detection base on An Advanced Computing
Authors: Cong Bui , Xuan Cho Do
Published: August 2023

The detection of software vulnerabilities written in C and C++ languages takes a lot of attention and interest today. This paper proposes a new framework called DrCSE to improve software vulnerability detection. It uses an intelligent computation tech-nique based on the combination of two methods: rebalancing data and representation learning to analyze and evaluate the code property graph (CPG) of the source code for detecting abnormal behavior of software vulnerabilities. To do that, DrCSE performs a combination of 3 main processing techniques: i) building the source code feature profiles, ii) rebalancing data, and iii) contrastive learning. In which, the method i) extracts the source code’s features based on the vertices and edges of the CPG. The method of rebalancing data has the function of supporting the training process by balancing the experimental dataset. Finally, contrastive learning techniques learn the important features of the source code by finding and pulling similar ones together while pushing the outliers away. The experiment part of this paper demonstrates the superiority of the DrCSE Framework for detecting source code security vulnerabil-ities using the Verum dataset. As a result, the method proposed in the article has brought a pretty good performance in all metrics, especially the Precision and Recall scores of 39.35% and 69.07%, respectively, proving the eﬃciency of the DrCSE Framework. It performs better than other approaches, with a 5% boost in Precision and a 5% boost in Recall. Overall, this is considered the best research result for the software vulnerability detection problem using the Verum dataset according to our survey to date
Predictive Markers of Metabolically Healthy Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Can AST/ALT Ratio Serve as A Simple and Reliable Diagnostic Indicator?
Authors: ÇELİK Nurullah , Ünsal Gülşah , TAŞTANOĞLU Hüseyin
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Metabolically Healthy Obesity (MHO) according to two different consensus-based criteria and to investigate simple, measurable predictive markers for the diagnosis of MHO. Five hundred and ninety-three obese children and adolescents aged 6–18 years were included in the study. The frequency of MHO was calculated. ROC analysis was used to estimate the predictive value of AST/ALT ratio, waist/hip ratio, MPV, TSH, and Ft4 cut-off value for the diagnosis of MHO. The prevalence of MHO was 21.9% and 10.2% according to 2018 and 2023 consensus-based MHO criteria, respectively. AST/ALT ratio cut-off value for the diagnosis of MHO was calculated as ≥ 1 with 77% sensitivity and 52% specificity using Damanhoury et al.'s criteria (AUC = 0.61, p = 0.02), and 90% sensitivity and 51% specificity using Abiri et al.'s criteria (AUC = 0.70, p = 0.01). Additionally, using binomial regression analysis, only the AST/ALT ratio is independently and significantly associated with the diagnosis of MHO (p = 0.02 for 2018 criteria and p = 0.01 for 2022 criteria). Conclusion: The ALT/AST ratio may be a useful indicator of MHO in children and adolescents.
Decomposition methods for multi-horizon stochastic programming
Authors: Zhang Hongyu , Domènech Èric Mor , Grossmann Ignacio E. , Tomasgard Asgeir
Published: August 2023

Multi-horizon stochastic programming includes short-term and long-term uncertainty in investment planning problems more efficiently than traditional multi-stage stochastic programming. In this paper, we exploit the special structure of multi-horizon stochastic linear programming, and establish that it can be decomposed by Benders decomposition and Lagrangean decomposition. In addition, we propose parallel Lagrangean decomposition with primal reduction that, (1) solves the scenario subproblems in parallel, (2) reduces the primal problem by keeping one copy for each scenario group at each stage, and (3) solves the reduced primal problem in parallel. We compare the parallel Lagrangean decomposition with primal reduction with the standard Lagrangean decomposition and standard Benders decomposition on a stochastic energy system investment planning problem. The computational results show that: (a) the Lagrangean type decomposition algorithms have better convergence at the first iterations to Benders decomposition, and (b) parallel Lagrangean decomposition with primal reduction is up to 9.2 times faster than standard Benders decomposition for a 1% convergence. Based on the computational results, the choice of algorithms for multi-horizon stochastic programming is discussed.
Benchmarking the Bank Branch Efficiency through A New Dynamic Network DEA Model
Authors: Chen Fu-Chiang , Mohammad Mohammad , Mia Md Aslam
Published: August 2023

This study proposes a new model by incorporating a carry-over input and segregating the branch production process into operational and investment divisions. Using a dataset of 121 Taiwanese branches, the findings were as follows: First, the overall efficiencies of bank branches are not on par regardless of investment or operational efficiencies. Second, the operational efficiencies of branches do not differ statistically between regions, although investment efficiencies do. Third, clustering the efficiency of branches based on characteristics provided evidence that branches located in industrial areas have a higher level of operational efficiency (and second highest investment efficiency) compared to other locations.
JEL Classification: L25, C67, G21
Novel and Efficient Hybrid Deep Learning Approach for Solar Photovoltaic Power Forecasting Considering Meteorological Parameters
Authors: Aman Rahma , Rizwan M. , Kumar Astitva
Published: August 2023

The power generation from photovoltaic plants depends on varying meteorological conditions. These meteorological conditions such as solar irradiance, temperature, and wind speed, are non-linear and stochastic thus affect estimation of photovoltaic power. Accurate estimation of photovoltaic power is essential for enhancing the functioning of solar power installations. The paper aims to develop a novel deep learning based photovoltaic power forecasting model on different weather conditions. The proposed model utilizes a two-stage deep learning framework for accurate solar power forecasting, which combines the long short-term memory (LSTM) and convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning architectures. The key role of CNN layer is to identify the weather conditions, i.e., sunny, cloudy and rainy while the LSTM layer learns the patterns of solar power generation that depend on weather variations to estimate photovoltaic power. The proposed hybrid models consider meteorological factors, such as wind speed, sun irradiations, temperature, and humidity, including cloud cover and UV index to provide precise solar power forecasting. The presented hybrid model, a Root Mean Square Error of 0.0254, 0.03465 and 0.0824, Mean Square Error of 0.000645, 0.00120 and 0.00679, R2 of 0.9898, 0.9872 and 0.9358, Mean Average Error of 0.0163 and 0.0236 and 0.2521 for sunny, cloudy and rainy weather conditions respectively. The results demonstrate that presented deep learning based novel solar photovoltaic (SPV) power forecasting model can accurately forecast solar power based on instantaneous changes in generated power patterns, and aid in the optimization of PV power plant operations. The paper presents an effective methodology for forecasting solar power that can contribute to the improvement of solar power generation and management.
A numerical study of Ag − M gO/water hybrid micropolar nanofluid flow with effects of quadratic thermal radiant energy along an exponentially contracting permeable Riga surface: Stability and Entropy optimization
Authors: Mandal Gopinath , Pal Dulal
Published: August 2023

The present analysis deals with the study of non-Newtonian micropolar Silver-Magnesium Oxide (Ag − M gO)/H 2 O hybrid nanofluid flow and heat transfer over an exponentially contracting porous Riga surface. We have highlighted the impacts of micropolar characteristic, quadratic thermal radiant energy in the presence of convective conditions and velocity slip at the boundary on the coefficient of shear stress, coefficient of couple-stress , heat transfer factor (Nusselt number), entropy formation, velocity, micro-rotation or angular velocity and temperature profiles under the assumptions of nanomaterial. We have solved the highly non-linear coupled partial differential equations numerically, using the MATLAB programming platform with a fourth-order method to decode the boundary value problem (bvp4c) with all relevant flow parameters. The second law of thermodynamics is used for the calculation of the irreversibility factor. The results point to the presence of dual-nature solutions with a stable upper solution branch and an unstable bottom solution branch in the contracting sheet area for a given value of the mass suction parameter. In the presence of dual solutions, critical values have been found, and a stability analysis is run to find more stable solutions. Two solutions are found for the limited range of contracting parameter λ when λ S < λ and the solutions terminate at λ = λ c in the contracting region. Additionally, the first solution generates a positive minimum eigenvalue (β 1 > 0) indicating the stability of the solution, whereas the other solution generates a non positive eigenvalue (β 1 < 0). It was found that the shear stress and couple stress coefficients rise with increasing suction value, however the heat transfer factor (Nusselt number) may fall for a stable solution. With an Preprint submitted to 12 July 2023 increase in the solid volume percentage of the hybrid nanofluid and material component , the formation of entropy rises noticeably. Additionally, it is noted that in both solutions, the quadratic thermal radiation parameter, Eckert number, and Biot number all lead to an increase in the temperature with enhancement in thickness of the thermal boundary layer. These findings are important because micropolar hybrid nanofluids are actively used to cool tiny electrical devices like microchips and related equipments.
Silencing KPNA2 Promotes Ferroptosis in Laryngeal Cancer by Activating the FoxO Signaling Pathway Silencing KPNA2 Promotes Ferroptosis in LAC
Authors: Xu Mimi , Hu Xiaoqi , Xiao Zhixue , Zhang Siyi , Lu Zhongming
Published: August 2023

Objective
Ferroptosis induction is a novel approach to oncotherapy, with few studies in laryngeal cancer. This article is forward to providing a new ferroptosis-related biomarker for laryngeal cancer.
Methods
We downloaded the microarray datasets GSE127165 and GSE51985 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and obtained the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with ferroptosis. The Hub genes were identified after the construction of the protein-protein interaction network and verified by principal component analysis. KPNA2 was selected and verified by Receiver operating characteristic curve and pan-cancer analysis. Then we conducted experimental verification by silencing KPNA2 in ferroptosis-induced laryngeal cancer cells by Erastin.
Results
45 DEGs associated with ferroptosis in laryngeal cancer were obtained, and KPNA2 of 5 hub genes with high degrees in the protein-protein interaction network was further selected, which showed a high expression in pan-cancer including laryngeal cancer, considerable diagnostic efficiency, and a correlation with tumor prognosis and immune infiltration. In ferroptosis-induced laryngeal cancer cells, we found an increased expression of cyclooxygenase 2, iron ions, and malondialdehyde, and a decreased expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 and glutathione when the expression of KPNA2 was suppressed. The FoxO signaling pathway in laryngeal cancer cells was activated by silencing KPNA2.
Conclusion
KPNA2 is possibly a promising therapeutic target for laryngeal cancer, which can suppress ferroptosis in laryngeal cancer by inhibiting the FoxO signaling pathway.
Pre-attentive and attentive auditory event-related potentials in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism
Authors: Schall Ulrich , Fulham Ross , Günther Max , Bergmann Jessica , Thienel Renate , Ortmann Julie , Wall Natalie G , Álvarez Paula Gómez , Youlden Anne-Marie
Published: August 2023

Background
Abnormalities in auditory processing are believed to play a major role in autism and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Both conditions often co-occur in children causing difficulties in deciding on the most promising intervention. Event-related potentials (ERPs) have been investigated and are showing promise to act as potential biomarkers for both conditions.
Methods
This study investigated mismatch negativity (MMN) through a passive listening task and P3b in an active auditory go/no-go discrimination task. Recordings were available from 103 children (24 female): 35 with ADHD, 27 autistic, 15 autistic children with co-occurring ADHD, and 26 neurotypical (NT) children. The age range considered was between 4 and 17 years, but varied between groups.
Results
Results revealed increases in MMN and P3b amplitudes with age. Older children with ADHD exhibited smaller P3b amplitudes, while younger autistic children showed reduced MMN amplitudes in response to phoneme changes when compared to their NT counterparts. Notably, autistic children with ADHD did not follow this pattern, instead, they exhibited more similarities to neurotypical children.
Conclusions
The findings of reduced amplitudes of phonetically elicited MMN in autistic children and reduced P3b in children with ADHD suggest that the two respective ERPs can act as potential biomarkers for each condition. However, optimisation and standardisation of the testing protocol as well as longitudinal studies are required in order to translate these findings into clinical practice.
L4-L5 Anatomy Classification System for Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Amaral Rodrigo , Pokorny Gabriel , Alvernia Jorge E. , Pimenta Luiz
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF), developed by Dr. Luiz Pimenta in 2006, allows access to the spinal column through the psoas major muscle. The technique has many advantages, such as reduced bone and muscular tissue damage, indirect decompression, larger implants, and lordosis correction capabilities. However, this technique also has drawbacks, with the most notorious being the risk of spinal pathologies due to indirect injury of the lumbar plexus, but with low rates of persistent injuries. Therefore, several groups have proposed classifications to help identify patients at a greater risk of presenting with neurological deficits. The present work aims to propose a new classification system that relies on the simple observation of easily identifiable key structures to guide lateral L4-L5 LLIF decision-making.
Methods: Patients aged > 18 years who underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. This came to the office between 2022 and 2023, until 50 quality images were acquired. And excluded as follows: Anatomical changes in the vertebral body or major psoas muscles prevent the identification of key structures or poor-quality MRIs. Each anatomy was classified as type I, type II, or type III according to the consensus among the three observers.
Results: Fifty anatomical sites were included in this study. 64% of the L4-L5 anatomies were type I, 22% were type II, and 14% were type III. None of the type 3 L4-L5 anatomies was approached using a lateral technique.
Conclusion: The proposed classification is an easy and simple method for evaluating the feasibility of a lateral approach to L4–LL5.
Preenchimento Labial com Ácido Hialurônico: Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Arruda Érica Maria Gomes de , Vasconcelos Rodrigo Gadelha , Vasconcelos Marcelo Gadelha
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O ácido hialurônico (AH), é o material de preenchimento dérmico considerado como padrão-ouro em técnicas não-cirúrgicas; é um glicosaminoglicano capaz de estimular a produção de colágeno e está presente na matriz extracelular da derme, caracterizando-se por ser um componente natural da pele, podendo ser empregado no preenchimento e rejuvenescimento facial. Objetivo: Devido ao crescimento das técnicas não-cirúrgicas de harmonização orofacial, o presente estudo realizou uma revisão de literatura sobre o preenchimento labial com AH, enfatizando as indicações, técnicas e o manejo das complicações clínicas. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura de estudos anteriores com acesso ao PubMED/medline, Lilacs, Scielo, Scopus; estabelecendo o critério de artigos recém-publicados no intervalo de 2013-2020. Conclusão: A estética labial tem ganhado espaço na odontologia, assim é imprescindível o íntegro conhecimento do cirurgião-dentista em relação a técnica não-cirúrgica do uso do AH no preenchimento labial.
Buddleja Cultivar Identification Using Microsatellite Markers
Authors: Still Cara , Snelling Jacob , Mehlenbacher Shawn , Contreras Ryan
Published: August 2023

Buddleja (butterfly bush) is a genus of common landscape plants in temperate and subtropical gardens. Substantial breeding has led to a wealth of diverse cultivars with varied pedigrees. Molecular markers would be useful tools for breeders and others studying butterfly bush to identify cultivars. We evaluated SSR markers developed in Buddleja to fingerprint 11 cultivars to determine whether they were useful in cultivar identification. Markers Bud_03, Bud_10, and Bud_13 were polymorphic across all genotypes in the study and capable of accurate cultivar identification. These markers may be useful to breeders for intellectual property protection and to identify cultivars in instances of mislabeling.
Palm Nutrition and Fertilization
Authors: Broschat Timothy K.
Published: August 2023

Palms (Arecaceae) growing in containers have similar nutritional requirements as other tropical ornamental plants and grow well with fertilizers having an elemental ratio of 3N:0.4P:1.7K. However, palms growing in the landscape or field nurseries have very different nutritional requirements from dicotyledonous plants. Whereas nitrogen (N) is the primary limiting nutrient element in container production, potassium (K), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), boron (B), and iron (Fe) deficiencies are more widespread than N deficiency in most landscape soils. Because palms have a single apical meristem, deficiencies of K, Mn, or B can be fatal. In addition to insufficient nutrients in the soil, palm nutrient deficiencies can be caused by high soil pH, certain types of organic matter, deep planting, poor soil aeration, cold soil temperatures, and nutrient imbalances. Correction of nutritional deficiencies in palms can take up to 2 years or longer and therefore prevention of deficiencies by proper fertilization is important. Research has shown that high N:K ratio fertilizers applied directly, or indirectly via application to adjacent turfgrass in a landscape, can exacerbate K and Mg deficiencies in palms, sometimes fatally. For sandy Atlantic coastal plain soils in the southeastern United States, an analysis of 8N–0.9P–10K–4Mg plus micronutrients has been recommended.
İCRA VE İFLÂS KANUNU’NUN 79/a MADDESİ UYARINCA KONUTTA HACİZ
Authors: SELÇUK Seyhan
Published: August 2023

7445 sayılı Kanun ile İcra ve İflâs Kanunu’na 79/a maddesi eklenmiştir. Söz konusu değişiklikten önce, icra müdürünün konutta haciz yapabilmesi için herhangi bir mahkemeden izin veya onay almasına gerek yoktu. Bu durum ise öğreti tarafından eleştirilmekteydi. Yapılan değişiklikle konutta haciz yapılması mahkemeden onay alınmasına dair bir usule bağlanmıştır. Madde sadece konutta haciz bakımından uygulanacaktır. Dolayısıyla, konut olmayan bir yerde haciz yapılabilmesi için, mahkemeden onay alınmasına gerek yoktur. Buna göre, icra müdürü haciz talep edilen yerin konut olup olmadığını tespit etmelidir. Bu yerin konut olduğu kanısına varacak olursa, bu yerde haciz yapılmasına karar verir. Bu kararın onaylanması için, kararı derhal icra mahkemesine sunar. İcra mahkemesi yapacağı inceleme sonucunda, bu yerin konut olduğu kanısına varırsa, kararın onaylanmasına kesin olarak karar verir. Aksi halde, icra müdürünün kararını kesin olarak kaldırır. Dolayısıyla bu düzenleme ile icra müdürünün konutta haciz yapabilmesi, onun inisiyatifinden alınmıştır. Böylece, icra müdürünün, konutta haciz yapabilmesi, mahkeme kararına bağlanmıştır. Maddenin uygulanması bakımından getirilmiş olan tek istisna, ihtiyati hacze ilişkindir. Buna göre, alacakla alakalı ihtiyati haciz kararı verilmişse, konutta haciz işlemi yapılabilmesi için, icra mahkemesinden onay alınmasına gerek yoktur. Bu çalışmada, İcra ve İflâs Kanunu m.79/a ile getirilen “konutta hacze” ilişkin usulün ne olduğu açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır. Bu bağlamda, maddenin merkezi olarak nitelendirilebilecek konut kavramı öncelikli olarak ele alınacaktır. Daha sonra, maddenin amacı, Anayasa ile ilişkisi üzerinde durulacaktır. Devamında maddenin takip yolları bakımından nasıl uygulanacağı, maddede öngörülen usul ve maddenin uygulanacağı haciz türleri incelenecektir.
Leverage and corporate investment – a cross country analysis
Authors: Banerjee Souvik , Mitra Amarnath , Mohanti Debaditya
Published: August 2023

The paper examines the impact of a firm’s financial leverage on its investment decisions in the period 2011–2019, which occurred between two financial crises (2008–2010 and 2020–2022) and was globally marked by low interest rates and high leverage. The study focuses on non-financial listed firms in world’s top 13 largest economies consisting of 11 OECD+ countries and two emerging nations. The analysis explores the relationship between firm leverage and investment decisions, considering the growth opportunities and corporate risks of the firms, as well as the type of economy they operate in. The findings indicate that, overall, there is a negative relationship between leverage and investment. In developed nations, such as the OECD+ countries, this negative effect is more pronounced for firms with limited growth opportunities. Contrary to the existing literature, emerging economies exhibit a positive relationship between firm leverage and investment. Specifically, in China and India, firms with low growth opportunities display a stronger positive correlation between leverage and investment. These results suggest that in developed countries, debt continues to have a disciplining effect on firm investment, even in a high liquidity environment. However, in high-growth emerging economies, both firm management and lending institutions show less concern regarding leverage. Lastly, the study finds that firm risk has an adverse impact on investment decisions. These empirical findings highlight the non-uniform nature of the relationship between firm leverage and investment, which depends on the type of economy and the growth opportunities of the firms.
AcknowledgmentsThe infrastructural support provided by Management Development Institute, Murshidabad, India and FORE School of Management, New Delhi, India in completing this paper is gratefully acknowledged.
The Comparison of Language Learning Strategies between Iranian and Iraqi EFL Learners Based on 1990 Oxford's Model
Authors: Nemati Azadeh , Griei Abdullah
Published: August 2023

The present study investigates the comparison of language learning strategies between Iraqi and Iranian EFL learners based on Oxford's model. To accomplish this, 60 BA-level participants—30 Iraqi and 30 Iranian EFL learners—from the Public University in Babylon, Iraq, and the Islamic Azad University in Shiraz, Iran—were given the 5-point Likert scale of 50 questions from Oxford's Strategies Inventory of Language Learning (SILL). They were between the ages of nineteen and twenty-eight. This quantitative and survey study used frequencies, means, standard deviations, and t-scores to quantify the dimensions of language learning strategies (LLS) and compare LLS between Iranian and Iraqi EFL learners. According to descriptive data, all LLSs among Iraqi EFL learners fell into the medium range. However, Iranian EFL students exhibited metacognitive and memory strategies more frequently and moderately. The results also distinguished Iranian and Iraqi EFL students' language learning approaches. According to the study, Iranian learners used different English learning strategies than Iraqi students. To this end, this research can also serve as a reference in language learning strategies and specify the dimensions of LLS used by Iraqi and Iranian EFL learners. The important implication of this research is that if EFL learners and teachers get aware of language learning strategies, they may develop their learning and teaching more easily and successfully.
Intelligent CNC control with improved adaptive thermal error compensation model
Authors: Shen Hui , Yang Liu
Published: August 2023

The thermal errors (TE) of computer numerical control (CNC) in workshop production seriously reduces the productivity. Therefore, to improve the productivity of CNC and enhance production intelligence, an improved adaptive TE compensation model (TECM) is proposed. The model is based on an online temperature measurement system (OTMS), which improves the adaptive learning rate of back-propagation neural network (BPNN) for temperature prediction. Finally, the correlation value between temperature changes and TEs is used for thermal error compensation. The performance verification of the model shows that the proposed OTMS can achieve effective temperature acquisition and processing, and the prediction ability of the improved BPNN is significantly higher than that of other prediction algorithms. Finally, it is found in the test that the improved adaptive TECM can reduce the contour error of workpiece machining to within 0.02×10-3 mm, the machining accuracy of CNC is significantly improved. The above results show that using the improved adaptive TECM can promote the intelligent development of CNC and improve their machining accuracy, which is of great significance to the development of workshop manufacturing.
Covid19 Yayilimini Azaltmak İçin Yüz Maskesinin Evrişimsel Sinir Aği Modelleri ile Tespiti
Authors: DAŞGIN Aslıhan , ADEM Kemal , KILIÇARSLAN Serhat
Published: August 2023

Son yıllarda hayatımızın gerçeği olan ve tüm dünya için pandemi haline gelen Covid-19’un gerekli tedbirlere sıkı şekilde uyulmadığı takdirde bulaşma oranı artmakta hatta varyantları bile ortaya çıkmaya başlamaktadır. DSÖ tarafından yayınlanan ve alınması gerekli olan tedbirler alındıkça hastalıkla mücadele daha kolay hale gelebilmektedir. Tedbirlere uymanın zorluğu olsa da uymaya özen gösterildiği taktirde, hastalık ya daha hafif atlatılmakta ya da hastalığa kolayca yakalanılmamaktadır. Bu tedbirlerin en önemlilerinden birisi de kalabalık alanlarda maske kullanımına özen gösterilmesidir. Maske kullanımının önemi araştırmalarla desteklenmesinden sonra, bazı alışveriş merkezi, sağlık kuruluşları, okullar gibi kalabalık mekanlarda maske kullanımına yönelik denetimler başlamıştır. Ancak bu denetimleri bir insanın gerçekleştirmesi zor olduğundan günümüzde sıklıkla kullanılan derin öğrenme yöntemleriyle maske tespiti çalışmaları yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu tez çalışmasında, transfer öğrenme tabanlı modeller kullanılarak maske tespiti gerçekleştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Kaggle web sitesinde bulunan veri seti ile toplamda 906 görüntü ile DenseNet121, EfficientNetV2M, NasNetMobile, InceptionV3, VGG19 ve InceptionResNetV2 derin öğrenme modelleri kullanılmıştır. Deneysel değerlendirmeler sonucunda, en iyi başarı oranı olarak NasNetMobile modeliyle, %99.35 doğruluk, %99 kesinlik, %99 geri çağırma ve %99 f1 skorları elde edildiği görülmüştür.
Groundwater vulnerability assessment of nitrate pollution in the Ankang Basin: using an optimized DRASTIC-LY method
Authors: Hui Tian , Changlai Xiao , Honggen Xu , Xiujuan Liang , Jianli Qian , Longtan Qiao , Weilong Zhang , Hong Zhang
Published: August 2023

This study retains the basic structure of DRASTIC model and obtains more specific evaluation results by adding land-use type and groundwater resource yield parameters, modifying the rating scale and weight of nine parameters. Comparison of the modified DRASTIC-LY vulnerability map with the map of the original DRASTIC-LY method revealed differences in 40.49% of the study area. The risk map shows that the very high vulnerability area decreased from 2.79 to 1.67%, while the high vulnerability area increased from 18.70 to 28.86%. Areas with low vulnerability increased by 10.15%, while areas with medium vulnerability decreased by 15.01%. The areas with very high groundwater vulnerability are mainly distributed in the Hanbin area on the north bank of the Han River, the areas with high are mainly concentrated on both sides of the Fujia River, while the areas with low are distributed in most areas in the west of the basin. The Pearson's correlation factor was 0.0583 in the original DRASTIC model, 0.1113 in the DRASTIC-LY method and 0.8291 in the modified DRASTIC-LY model, which indicated that the revised DRASTIC-LY model was more appropriate than the original model. The results can help the government with the protection of water resources.
Analysis of the effects of COVID-19 restriction policies on drinking water consumption by smart water network data filtering
Authors: Evangelista Stefania , Nardi Mariantonia , Padulano Roberta , Di Cristo Cristiana , Del Giudice Giuseppe
Published: August 2023

People's habits changed during the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent containment policies, with numerous implications in all fields. In particular, restrictions had important consequences for drinking water consumption. The present work analyses this influence in the Soccavo district of Naples (Campania), in Italy, during the two periods of strongest restrictions in 2020: the national Lockdown (March 11–May 3) and the autumn Red Zone (November 16–December 6). A large amount of data, referred to single-household flowmeters connected to a Smart Water Grid acquisition system, was collected for the years 2019 (considered the average reference year) and 2020. The first step was the preliminary filtering of the data, by identification and elimination of anomalies and outliers, as well as anomalous annual patterns, through clustering and classification. The second step consisted of the comparison of the same meters in two consecutive years considering the daily and weekly average hourly patterns, the average daily patterns of midweek days, Saturdays, and Sundays, respectively, and the total daily volumes. The results are consistent with those in the literature. Some general trends in literature data were sought and pointed out in the present paper.
Comentario a la sentencia recaída en recurso de protección, de la Corte Suprema, 22 de enero de 2022
Authors: Pinto Sarmiento Yenny
Published: August 2023

La sentencia que se comenta corresponde al fallo de la Corte Suprema, de 22 de enero de 2022, recaída en recurso de protección. El recurso correspondía a uno deducido por un funcionario municipal en contra del Decreto Alcaldicio que dispuso el retorno al trabajo presencial, no obstante tener que dedicarse al cuidado personal del hijo de dos años. En el comentario se analizan dos aspectos: por un lado, la necesaria conciliación del trabajo y la vida familiar; la otra, la cuestión de la aplicación del teletrabajo y sus alcances, a los funcionarios públicos.
Regulatory Non-coding RNAs Involved in Oxidative Stress and
Neuroinflammation: An Intriguing Crosstalk in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Khish Naser Salari , Ghiasizadeh Pooran , Rasti Abolhasan , Moghimi Omid , Zadeh Arash Zeynali , Bahiraee Alireza , Ebrahimi Reyhane
Published: August 2023

:

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized
by the accumulation of α-synuclein and the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons
in the substantia nigra. Although the molecular bases for PD development are not fully
recognized, extensive evidence has suggested that the development of PD is strongly associated
with neuroinflammation. It is noteworthy that while neuroinflammation might
not be a primary factor in all patients with PD, it seems to be a driving force for disease
progression, and therefore, exploring the role of pathways involved in neuroinflammation
is of great importance. Besides, the importance of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs),
such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and competing endogenous
RNAs (ceRNAs), has been widely studied with a focus on the pathogenesis of
PD. However, there is no comprehensive review regarding the role of neuroinflammation-
related ncRNAs as prospective biomarkers and therapeutic targets involved in the
pathogenesis of PD, even though the number of studies connecting ncRNAs to neuroinflammatory
pathways and oxidative stress has markedly increased in the last few years.
Hence, the present narrative review intended to describe the crosstalk between regulatory
ncRNAs and neuroinflammatory targets with respect to PD to find and propose novel
combining biomarkers or therapeutic targets in clinical settings.
Myricitrin versus EGCG in the Treatment of Obesity: Target Mining and Molecular Mechanism Exploring based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Yin Peipei , Huang Jiangping , Yang Kang , Deng Chuang , Yang Lingguang
Published: August 2023

Background:

Myricitrin is a flavonol glycoside possessing beneficial effects on obesity, a rising global health issue that affects millions of people worldwide. However, the involving target and mechanism remain unclear.

Objective:

In the present study, the anti-obesity targets and molecular mechanisms of Myricitrin, along with another flavanol Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), were explored through network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and molecular docking.

Methods:

The potential targets for Myricitrin and EGCG were obtained from Pharmmaper, SwissTargetPrediction, TargetNet, SEA, Super-PRED, TCMSP, and STICH databases. Meanwhile, DEG targets were retrieved from GEO datasets, and obesity targets were collected from DrugBank, TTD, DisGeNet, OMIM, GeneCards, PharmGKB, and CTD databases. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were conducted through Metascape online tool. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were also constructed for compound, DEG, and obesity targets to screen the core targets through MCODE analysis. The further screened-out key targets were finally verified through the compound-target-pathway-disease network, mRNA expression level, target-organ correlation, and molecular docking analyses.

Results:

In total, 538 and 660 targets were identified for Myricitrin and EGCG, respectively, and 725 DEG targets and 1880 obesity targets were retrieved. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that Myricitrin and EGCG targets were enriched in the pathways correlating with obesity, cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, the intersection core targets for Myricitrin and EGCG function mainly through the regulation of responses to hormones and involving pathways in cancer. Above all, androgen receptor (AR), cyclin D1 (CCND1), early growth response protein 1 (EGR1), and estrogen receptor (ERS1) were identified as key targets in the compound-target-pathway-disease network for both Myricitrin and EGCG, with significant different mRNA expression between weight loss and control groups. Target-organ correlation analysis exhibited that AR and CCND1 showed high expression in adipocytes. Molecular docking also revealed good binding abilities between Myricitrin and EGCG, and all four receptor proteins.

Conclusion:

The present research integrated network pharmacology and bioinformatics approach to reveal the key targets of Myricitrin and EGCG against obesity. The results provided novel insights into the molecular mechanism of Myricitrin and EGCG in obesity prevention and treatment and laid the foundations for the exploitation of flavonoid-containing herbal resources.
Influence of Supplementation of Ecklonia cava Polyphenols on Learning,
Memory, and Brain Fatty Acid Composition in Mice
Authors: Lee Jung Woo , Lee Jung Im , Lim Sun Young
Published: August 2023

Aims:

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of intake of polyphenols from Ecklonia cava on spatial task performance and nervous fatty acid composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty mice were randomly divided into three groups; each group consisted of ten mice. The control group was fed 5% soybean oil as a fat source, whereas the high fat (HF) group was fed a 15% lard diet and the polyphenol (ECP) group was maintained on the HF diet plus 1% E. cava polyphenols.

Results:

The ECP group exhibited a short escape latency and better memory retention in the Morris water maze test compared with the control and HF groups (P<0.05). In addition, the ECP group showed a greater increase in avoidance latency than that of the HF group (P<0.05). Moreover, the consumption of polyphenols from E. cava presented higher levels of DHA in the brain and retina (P<0.05).

Conclusion:

This study suggested the positive effects of polyphenols from E. cava on memory retention, which might be partially attributed to the increased levels of DHA in the brain.
Downregulation of miR-4284 can Inhibit the Apoptosis of Human Arterial
Smooth Muscle Cells (HASMCs) in Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (ASO)
Authors: Wang Fang , Yu Yinghong , He Gongjian , Ren Zhangxia , Xu Sizhe
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

The disease arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) affects the lower extremities.
ASO's mechanism involves the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells
(VSMCs). The miR-4284 is involved in several biological processes of the cardiovascular system,
including VSMC proliferation, migration, and death. However, it is unknown if the miR-4284 gene
is involved in the control of ASO. Furthermore, the molecular processes behind the contribution of
human arterial smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), one of the most significant components of the arterial
wall, to arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) pathogenesis remain unknown.
Previously, we explored the alterations of miRNAs in the blood of ASO patients, and now we
wanted to test further whether these changes also take place in the HASMCs that are responsible
for the pathogenesis of ASO.

Methods:

The expression levels of miR-29a in arterial walls were analyzed via a real-time polymerase
chain reaction. An ASO cell model was established to investigate the expression of miR-
4284 on HASMCs. The Transwell system and CCK-8 detection were used to assess the migration
and proliferation of HASMCs. The proportion of apoptotic cells as well as the concentrations of
apoptotic signal protein production were assessed using flow cytometry. A Western blot technique
was used to identify B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl2), Bcl2-associated X protein (BAX), as well as Xlinked
inhibitors of apoptosis protein (XIAP).

Results:

The results showed that PCR confirmed that the qualified production or expression of
miR-4284 was significantly reduced in HASMCs after they were cultured without FBS and in an
atmosphere of 1% O2 + 5% CO2 + 94% N2 and that glucose had no effect on its expression. MiR-
4284 has no effect on migration and proliferation, but downregulation of miR-4284 can decrease
the apoptotic rate of HASMCs, as revealed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, western blot experiments
showed that the expression of BAX was low, while the expression of the other two proteins,
viz., Bcl2 and XIAP, was over-expressed.

Conclusion:

We found that miR-4284 downregulation enhanced Bcl2, as well as XIAP, and decreased
Bax. This shows that downregulated miR-4284 regulates apoptosis-related protein expression
in HASMCs. The mechanism is not clear, and we need further study to confirm it.
Effect of Host Cell Protein on Chinese Hamster Ovary Recombinant
Protein Production and its Removal Strategies: A Mini Review
Authors: Zhao Yaru , Li He , Fan Zhenlin , Wang Tianyun
Published: August 2023

Chinese hamster ovary cells are the main expression system for recombinant therapeutic
proteins. During the production of these proteins, certain host cell proteins are secreted, broken
down, and released by host cells in the culture along with the proteins of interest. These host cell
proteins are often difficult to remove during the downstream purification process, and thus affect
the quality, safety, and effectiveness of recombinant protein biopharmaceutical products and increase
the production cost of recombinant therapeutic proteins. Therefore, host cell protein production
must be reduced as much as possible during the production process and eliminated during
purification. This article reviews the harm caused by host cell proteins in the production of recombinant
protein drugs using Chinese hamster ovary cell, factors affecting host cell proteins, the
monitoring and identification of these proteins, and methods to reduce their type and quantity in
the final product.
Stimuli-responsive Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Yadav Deepika , Sharma Pramod Kumar , Malviya Rishabha , Mishra Prem Shankar , Surendra Amareswarapu V. , Rao G.S.N. Koteswara , Rani Budha Roja
Published: August 2023

The use of ''smart materials,'' or ''stimulus responsive'' materials, has proven useful in a variety of fields, including tissue engineering and medication delivery. Many factors, including
temperature, pH, redox state, light, and magnetic fields, are being studied for their potential to affect a material's properties, interactions, structure, and/or dimensions. New tissue engineering
and drug delivery methods are made possible by the ability of living systems to respond to both
external stimuli and their own internal signals) for example, materials composed of stimuliresponsive
polymers that self assemble or undergo phase transitions or morphology transfor- mation. The researcher examines the potential of smart materials as controlled drug release vehicles
in tissue engineering, aiming to enable the localized regeneration of injured tissue by delivering
precisely dosed drugs at precisely timed intervals.