bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A cutting-edge S/C/X band antenna for 5G and beyond application
Authors: Yadav Manish Varun , Yadav Swati Varun , Ali Tanweer , Kumar Dash Sounik Kiran , Hegde Navya Thirumaleshwar , Nair Vishnu G.
Published: October 2023

This article presents a novel S/C/X band antenna specifically designed for 5G and beyond applications. The antenna's performance is thoroughly analyzed through comprehensive simulations using CST Microwave Studio on an FR-4 substrate, measuring 10λ × 14λ × 0.014λ (where λ is calculated at a lower resonance frequency). The proposed design displays remarkable characteristics, boasting an outstanding impedance bandwidth of 124% and an impressive return loss of −38 dBi. Its operational frequency ranges from 2.8 to 12 GHz, with a central frequency of 7.4 GHz. Throughout this range, the antenna maintains stable polar patterns, ensuring consistent and efficient performance with a wide gain of 3.98 dBi and an impressive efficiency of 84.2%. This antenna proves to be well-suited for diverse applications, including S-band: 3.1–4.2 GHz, C-band: 4.4–5.0 GHz, X-band: 8.0–12.0 GHz, and 5G and beyond communication. The innovative features of this S/C/X band antenna offer significant potential for advancing wireless communication technologies.
Does repeated pre-task planning have an impact on form-focused LREs?
Authors: Mayo María del Pilar García , Luquin María
Published: October 2023

Pre-task planning has been shown to improve fluency and complexity in adult learners’ speech in monologic tasks. Previous work considered pre-task planning in interactive tasks with young children in an ESL setting and reported that, in general, it had an impact on the amount of talk. However, no study so far has considered the impact of planning on the production of language-related episodes (LREs) by young children. This study examined the relationship between planning time and the accurate production of three target form-focused LREs (FFLREs) by thirty-three dyads of 11–12-year-old EFL learners who took part in a longitudinal experiment in which they narrated picture-prompted stories four times under one of three conditions: unguided planning (12 dyads), guided planning (12 dyads), or no-planning (9 dyads). Results showed that no significant improvement in target feature production was observed across weeks or conditions. Regarding accuracy, a notable difference emerged between the pre-test and delayed post-test in the unguided planning condition. Regarding between-group comparisons, although the guided planning group initially demonstrated higher accuracy than their counterparts, this distinction was not maintained. Thus, planning had limited benefits when considering FFLREs. Methodological and pedagogical implications will be discussed.
The use of interlocking multi-unit turns in topic shifts
Authors: Park Innhwa , Chen Rachel S. Y. , Gorisch Jan , Park Song Hee , Tadic Nadja , Yasui Eiko
Published: October 2023

This paper examines multi-unit turns that allow speakers to retrospectively close the prior sequence while prospectively launching a new sequence, which Schegloff (1986) referred to as interlocking organization. Using English telephone conversations as data, we focus on how multi-unit turns are used for topic shifts, and show that interlocking organization operates in conjunction with other phonetic and lexical features, such as increased pitch and overt markers of disjunction (e.g., “listen”). In addition, speakers utilize an audible inbreath that is placed between the first and the second units as a central interactional resource to project further talk, thereby suppressing speaker transition and possibly highlighting the action delivered in the second unit as being distinctly new. We propose that interlocking multi-unit turns, when used to make topically disjunctive moves, promote progressivity by avoiding a possible lapse in turn transition.
The potential of underutilised and biofortified grains, roots, and tubers in Ghana: A nutrition-sensitive approach for improved health
Authors: Amagloh Flora C. , Atuna Richard A. , Akabanda Fortune , Oye Pobi Nana , Donkor Esther A. , Koomson Gifty , Amagloh Francis K.
Published: October 2023

The prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies and non-communicable diseases are on the rise in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) despite the abundance of indigenous nutritious and biofortified crops. Rapid urbanisation and poor dietary habits have resulted in most Ghanaian households frequently consuming highly processed foods, sugar, salt, and unhealthy fats in place of complex carbohydrates such as whole grains, root and tuber crops, fruits, and vegetables. Existing postharvest and food processing practices may also not help consumers to make healthy food choices that would result in optimal nutrition. Applying a food systems approach will enable stakeholders to consider the solutions to these public health concerns through different lenses along the agricultural value chain. This review examines nutritious indigenous crops in Ghana, that include millet, sorghum, soybean, locust bean, aerial yam, taro, and cocoyam, considering how their nutrient composition could aid in disease prevention and health promotion among the populace. In addition, biofortified crops such as yellow and orange maize, high iron bean, yellow cassava, and orange-fleshed sweetpotato are discussed, highlighting the focal nutrients and their relation to health improvement. This review employs the food systems approach to critically examine how nutrition can be maximised along the various steps of the agricultural value chain. It concludes with recommendations at the individual and policy levels that could result in medium- and long-term positive impacts on nutrition and health status.
The effect of fluidized bed roaster temperature on the roasted coffee beans antioxidant activity and its sensory evaluation
Authors: Setianto Wahyu Bahari , Yohanes Heryoki , Atmaji Gigih , Susanto Muji , Astin Eko Pratama , Lanjar
Published: October 2023

A fluidized Coffee roaster has been developed. Application of the roaster on coffee beans roasting gave roasted coffee beans with characteristics of being clean and well-roasted. It also could preserve the coffee beans aroma and maintain the antioxidant activity. In this report, the effect of the roasting temperature on the antioxidant activity as well as the aroma and the taste of the roasted coffee beans was examined. The coffee beans used in this experiment were Arabica coffee originating from Tlahap, Temanggung, Indonesia. The roasting conditions were at the temperatures of 205 to 240 °C and it was performed to achieve three degrees of roasted coffee which were light roasts (205 °C), medium roasts (220 °C), and dark roasts (240 °C). The antioxidants were extracted using methanol as a solvent and the antioxidant activity was examined using the scavenging effect method. It was observed that light-roasted coffee, medium-roasted coffee, and dark-roasted coffee have antioxidant activity µg/g BHA equivalent of 58793.333, 39468.000, and 24721.500 respectively. The light-roasted coffee bean was considered the best result with a score of sensory evaluation of 82.25 which is categorized as a specialty grade of coffee.
The involvement of Chloride Intracellular Channel expression and binding interaction to Emamectin benzoatein Plutella xylostellaxylostella.
Authors: Alfatah RF , Dai SM , Chang C , Andika IP
Published: October 2023

Plutella xylostella strains from Tsaotun and Nantaou (TT) are more than 400-fold resistant to emamectin benzoate. Previous research found no mutations in the target sites GABA receptors and glutamate receptors. As a result, next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed, which revealed that the expression of Chloride Intracellular Channel (CLIC) in emamectin benzoate selected Tsaotun (TTSel) strain was significantly higher than that in emamectin benzoate relax Tsaotun (TTRx) strain. The quantitation-comparative cycle threshold (CT) was investigated in this study. TTSel and TTRx larvae from the 45th generation were used as samples in a qPCR machine. The results revealed that the expression of the CLIC gene increased in the TTSel strain when compared to the TTRx strain. Female larvae have higher CLIC gene expression than male larvae, particularly the CLIC X1 gene. It is possible that it is the source of lepidopteran resistance to emamectin benzoate. CLIC X1 and CLIC X2 genes were found to be conserved in some lepidopterans, according to phylogenetic tree analysis. There are indications of the presence of nuclear localization signals (NLS) conserved only in CLIC X1, which is important in emmamectin benzoate resistance.
Application of BAP and IBA for In Vitro Callus Formation of Biduri (Calotropis gigantea)
Authors: Talitha O , Sakya AT , Hartati S , Samanhudi  , Rahayu M , Setyawati A
Published: October 2023

A herbaceous plant called biduri (Calotropis gigantea) is useful as a medicine. The leaves, roots, and flowers are just a few of the organs that contain secondary metabolites. A callus is an accumulation of secondary metabolite-producing amorphous cells. Through the induction of plant growth regulators, callus formation can be induced. The goal of the study was to find the BAP and IBA concentration that would promote callus formation in biduri. The initialstem segments of biduri, which were 1.5 months old and 2 cm long, were used as explants. A factorial design using two components and three repetitions of each was employed in a fully randomized design. BAP concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ppm) and IBA concentrations were the first and second factors, respectively (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ppm). The callus induction time, callus morphology (color and texture), and callus appearance percentage were the factors that were observed. The results demonstrated that a green, compact callus could be produced at a concentration of 4 ppm BAP and 1 ppm IBA. The proportion of callus manifestation rose and the callus induction time decreased with an increase in BAP concentration of up to 4 ppm.
Growth Response of Two Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merr) Varieties Denna 1 And Rajabasa Subjected to Radiation Mutation Technique
Authors: Harsanti L , Tarmizi  , Widiarsih S , Rizal K
Published: October 2023

One of the national initiatives to lessen reliance on imports of soybeans and attain soybean self-sufficiency by 2022 is soybean production. Gamma rays are used to irradiate the Denna 1 and Rajabasa kinds of soybean seedlings. The treatments utilized were planted in metal trays and varied from 0 to 1000 Gy. The germination rate was 40% in Rajabasa at 900 and 1000 Gy, which was the lowest, and 88.35% at 0 Gy on Denna 1. Denna 1 had the highest plant height at 0 Gy (34.53 cm), while Denna 2 had the lowest at 800 Gy (1.30 cm). Denna 1 had the most leaves (6.40 cm) at 200 Gy, whereas Rajabasa had the fewest at 400 Gy (0.50). Rajabasa-2 had the highest flowering age at M3 generation (44,33 days) and Denna-1.3 had the lowest (300 Gy) (41,67 days). Rajabasa mutant line had the maximum weight of full pods at 200 Gy (55,33 g), whereas Rajabasa-1 showed the lowest weight at 300 Gy (33 g). The outcome of this dosage orientation experiment may assist in determining the ideal dose for post-irradiated plants.
Effect of Boron Fertilizer and Double Inoculation of Rhizobium sp and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria on Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Growth and Production
Authors: Ranindra AS , Fuskhah E , Purbajanti ED
Published: October 2023

Because of their high protein content, soybeans are a vital source of protein for human survival. By fertilizing with substances like biological fertilizers and micro fertilizers to meet the nutritional requirements of plants during growth, efforts can be made to increase the quality and quantity of soybean harvests.This research examines the effect of boron fertilizer and double inoculation doses, Rhizobium sp. and different Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) on soybean growth and production. A 3x4 factorial pattern with three replications and a completely randomized design (CRD) were used in this study. The first factor is the dosage of boron fertilizer (B) used, which has three treatment levels: B0 = 0 kg/ha (Control), B1 = (1 kg/ha), B2 (2 kg/ha), and B3 (3 kg/ha). The second factor is the double inoculation dose of PSB (R) and Rhizobium sp. with four treatment levels, namely R0 = control, R1 = 6 g/seed, and R2 = 12 g/seed. The findings demonstrated that the best pods, seed weight, and root nodules were produced by the double inoculation dose of Rhizobium sp. and PSB 12 g/seed. The production and growth of soybeans have not been impacted by boron fertilizer. On the other hand, the quantity of soybean seeds is impacted by the interaction of double inoculation doses of Rhizobium sp. and PSB with a dose of boron fertilizer.
Development of Edible Coating Products Based on Palm Oil Derivative To Extend The Arumanis Mangoes Freshness
Authors: Susetyo I B , Handayani W , Anggraeni D , Maisaroh  , Astuti
Published: October 2023

Mangoes are harvested as a climatic fruit if they are mature but not ripe and then undergo a ripening process. Coating is applied during postharvest activities to extend their freshness. The extension of the shelf life of horticultural products is accomplished by suppressing the rate of respiration, which is the reduction of the rate of O2 intake and the rate of CO2 removal. As a result, it slows the metabolic process of the fruit, prevents excessive water loss through transpiration, and inhibits the rate of ethylene formation. The general requirements for this fruit coating are: does not affect the odor and taste, is easy to dry, is not sticky, is not easily broken, does not produce a thick surface, is not toxic, is easy to obtain, and is inexpensive. The goal of this study is to create a prototype of edible coating products using a 1000 mL laboratory apparatus and palm oil derivative feedstock. The product was tested by applying it to mangoes to extend the fruit’s freshness. The mangoes used in this coating process are Arumanis mangoes from East Java with an 80-85% maturity level. The application result of the edible coating products based on palm oil derivatives shows that these Arumanis mangoes have been able to suppress weight losses of up to 5% for approximately 4 (four) weeks, the hardness level is 22.33N, Total Dissolved Solids (Brix) is 9.27, O2 and CO2 respiration rate of 10.91 and 15.24 ml / kg / hour.
Designing Soil and Water Conservation Practices in the Tinalah Sub-watershed
Authors: Oktafiningsih H , Kusumandari A
Published: October 2023

The Tinalah sub-watershed has been degraded as a result of community activities that do not adhere to conservation principles. The goal of this research was to identify the different types of soil and water conservation techniques used by the community in the Tinalah sub-watershed, as well as to design soil and water conservation activities for watershed conservation in the Tinalah sub-watershed, Kulon Progo. Data was gathered through interviews and observation. The SWOT model was used to analyze the data. According to the findings, the majority of soil and water conservation techniques used on upstream land were mechanical, with nearly 66.66% being mechanical and 33.33% being a combination of vegetative and mechanical. In the middle watershed area, nearly one hundred percent is a combination of mechanical and vegetative, whereas the majority in the downstream area is mechanical (75%). According to the SWOT analysis, the activities in the context of implementing the conservation technique are as follows: a. providing assistance to members of farmer groups so that they can support agricultural activities carried out, b. holding regular meetings between members of farmer groups to maintain a sense of cooperation, and c. developing a plan for soil and water conservation activities to protect the Tinalah sub-watershed ecosystem.
Feasibility analysis of sustainability and development strategy of fish smoke centers in Demak Regency
Authors: Anam B K , Setiadi A , Santoso S I
Published: October 2023

The Indonesian population relies heavily on the fisheries subsector as a source of protein. Fish can be processed to extend its shelf life and enable distribution from fish producing sites to consumption centers. The goal of this study is to evaluate and pinpoint the development plans for Asap Indah fish smoking centers’ financial, sustainability, and financial prospects. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), SWOT, and financial analysis are used in this study’s survey methodology. Purposive sampling is used in the method of location determination. the census approach and the purposeful sampling method for identifying respondents. With an NPV of Rp. 5,586,348,906, a Net B/C of 1.75, an IRR of 71.18%, and a PP achieved for 10 months and 27 days, the findings of the research on the financial analysis of smoked fish are feasible. Asap Indah Fish Smoking Center has a high sustainability value, with an average sustainability value of 2.216 or 73.8%, according to the study’s findings. The primary tactics for the development of Asap Indah fish smoking centers are: Entrepreneurs can enhance production and expand the market by planning production and marketing, according to the findings of the SWOT analysis and the calculation of the overall assessment value.
Investigating the Factors and Behaviors Influencing Entrepreneurial Intention in Agricultural Sectors among Indonesian Millennials
Authors: Suwanan A F , Allya H R
Published: October 2023

The most recent inventions and scientific breakthroughs are required since technological advancements cause such rapid development. To perceive prospects through entrepreneurship in the agriculture sector, it therefore takes a young generation that can make quick, technological innovations. Yet since 2014, there has been a decline in the workforce employed in agriculture. The purpose of this study is to look into the attitudes and circumstances that might encourage members of the younger generation to start their own businesses in the agricultural industry. The study was carried out in the following five Indonesian provinces: Banten, East Java, Central Java, and Yogyakarta Special Area. There were 153 respondents who participated in the research. The data has been analyzed using the Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) to understand the factor and behavior influencing agripreneurial intention among Indonesian Millenials. According to the research finding, there are several factors, namely perceived behavioral control and attitude towards behavior that have positive effect on the millennial’s intention to become entrepreneurs in the agricultural sector. This shows that technical and soft skills have influenced the entrepreneurial incentive in the agriculture sectors. Yet, there is no relationship between the agricultural intention and subjective norms or outside motivation. Academic institutions, corporate leaders, and the government should take into account the demand for both soft and practical skills in the agricultural and industrial sectors for young people. Future labor force and added value will increase if younger generations participate more in farm sectors.
Local Morphological Variety of Avocado: West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ishaq I , Priani R A , Azis A , Hamdani K K , Nurawan A , Haryati Y , Dianawati M , Susanto H
Published: October 2023

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a fruit that originated in southern Mexico and Central America and has since expanded far to many nations, including Indonesia in Southeast Asia. In Indonesia, one fruit product with a great economic worth is the avocado. One of the generating regions is West Java. This study aims to examine the morphological variety of avocados in several West Java locations. The study was carried out between 2019 and 2022. The West Javan regions of Bogor and Depok Regency were noted for their avocado farming. As described by the avocado descriptor, the tree, leaves, fruit, and seed were observed. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis were employed in the data analysis by Minitab 16. The findings revealed that 81.3% of the variety was contributed by the five main factors. The diversity of avocado varieties was divided into three groups with a 31% degree of similarity. Morphological characteristics such as fruit shape, skin color, fruit flesh color, fruit flesh thickness, and seed shape, including tree shape, leaf shape, and fruit neck, contributed the most to the total diversity.
Ultrasonic-assisted extraction increases the antioxidant and antibacterial capabilities of ciplukan (Physalis angulata) extract
Authors: Iwansyah A C , Wardhani R , Darsih C , Kurniawan T , Ardiansyah R C E , Andriana Y , Luthfiyanti R , Azmin S N H M , Nor M S M
Published: October 2023

Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) fruit is known to contain various bioactive compounds that can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and have radical scavenging activity. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of ciplukan extract are affected by ultrasonic-assisted extraction. This study used ciplukan extract that has undergone ultrasonic treatment (P0: 24-hour maceration, P1: 30 minutes, P2: 60 minutes, and P3: 120 minutes). The total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity of the ciplukan extract was then assessed using DPPH (2,2′-diphenylpicryl hydrazyl), and the antibacterial activity was assessed using dilution techniques. The outcomes demonstrated that total phenolic contents, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were significantly impacted by the ultrasonic-assisted extraction method (P<0.05). The highest total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity (IC50) obtained from the two-hour ultrasonic treatment (P3) were 176.62 mg GAE/g, 121.33mg QE/g, and 50.80 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the capability of ciplukan extract to inhibit the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was assessed. The thirty-minute ultrasonic treatment (P1) has the highest antibacterial activity, the MIC values for P1 treatment were 500 μg/mL on Staphylococcus aureus FNCC 0047 and 125 μg/mL on Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027. These results indicate the antioxidant and antibacterial capabilities of ciplukan extract obtained from the physical extraction process using ultrasonic.
Does Agricultural Zoning Policy Impact on Price Spatial Dependence?: Red Chili Pepper Price In Java Island During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wicaksana A K , Fitrady A
Published: October 2023

A sustainable equal distribution of price stability is the goal of agricultural zone policy. By performing an empirical study comparison of the districts on Java Island, 2,066 before and after the implementation of the policy, this research aims to demonstrate it. The spatial effects of agricultural zone policy on red chili pepper price are used to measure the policy’s impact. The findings of the estimation revealed that the price of red chili peppers, which serves as a gauge of the degree of spatial dependence, is significantly influenced by factors related to the world economy. Once the COVID-19 pandemic policy was put into place, there has been a strengthening of spatial dependence, and the price variations of red chili peppers in the agricultural development zone are relatively better than in the others.
Improving the People’s Economy through the Utilization of Pandeglang Districts Local Raw Materials (Sugar Palm and Taro Beneng Flour) for Extrusion Products (Analog Rice and Analog Noodles)
Authors: Arianto Arief , Susetyo Eko Bhakti , Henanto Hengky , Benyamin Boni , Cahyana Purwa Tri , Saepudin Ade , Astin Eko Pratama , Budiyanto  , Ambar Dwi K , Kurniasari Indah , Puspantari Widya , Astuti Puji , Suhendra Ahmad , Putranto Agus Tri , Elmatsani Huda M. , Prabowo Jonathan , Sumarno Lanjar , Hadipernata Mulyana
Published: October 2023

Beneng taro is a wild plant that is commonly found in Indonesia, and is very easy to cultivate. However, the large potential for export demand of production of analog rice made from beneng taro flour is not accompanied by high productivity, it is constrained by the production process. The Center for Agroindustry Research, under the National Research and Innovation Agency, since 2010 has conducted research on local flour-based food processing using the cold extrusion method with an extruder machine. Various food products can be produced with only one machine. Based on the test results, dietary fiber content of Arben Analog Rice is 8 grams per serving of 100 grams and contains zinc by 50% of the Nutritional Adequacy Ratio (NAR). Soluble dietary fiber helps lower blood cholesterol levels when accompanied by a diet low in saturated fat and low in cholesterol. Zinc is a micronutrient that has an important role in the body’s defense system that fight the entry of infection. By consuming Arben analog rice, it can help increase the body’s immunity. Through the calculation of the types of investment appraisal techniques, it is obtained that the financial aspects reviewed are declared feasible and the investment proposals are acceptable.
Variations of Washing Agent on The Physicochemical And Microbiology Properties of Sago Starch
Authors: Budiyanto A , Hadipernata M , Ainuri M , Supartono W , Arif AB , Sulistiyani TR
Published: October 2023

Food is a basic necessity that must be provided in sufficient quantities, of high quality, and continuously. Utilizing the potential of natural resources, such as using locally available sago as a carbohydrate or starch source, can help alleviate the problem of food availability. Additionally, a washing procedure that produces starch could improve the caliber of the final product. The goal of the study was to identify the most effective washing agent for producing high-quality sago starch. The study’s design used a totally random approach. Chlorine, water, and metabisulphite (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 ppm) are used in the washing process for sago starch (500, 1000, 1500, 2000 ppm). As a control, unwashed sago starch was used. According to SNI 3729:2008, the weighing and sago starch quality results showed that water was the best washing agent. The results showed a normal color, taste, and aroma as well as a moisture content of 9.92%, an ash content of 0.17%, an 87% starch content of 0.44%, an acidity level of 2.99%, the absence of SO2, Hg, and As levels, 0.7 ppm of Pb, 2.34 ppm of Cu, and a TPC value of 2.93 log cfu/g. Molds had 1.57 log cfu/g and E. coli had 0 log cfu/g.
Physical, chemical and microbial quality of peanuts collected from different sources of the marketing chain
Authors: Rahmianna A. A. , Ginting E. , Purnomo J. , Sundari T.
Published: October 2023

Groundnut is a healthy food by the presence of calcium and magnesium, vitamin E, oleic acids, fibre, arginine, and phenolic compounds. Relates to human health, however, peanut is susceptible to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination. The study aims to evaluate the physical and chemical quality, aflatoxin B1 contamination, and phenolic content of peanuts collected from farmers, collectors, wholesalers, and retailers at Sinjai District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia during wet season. The results showed that intact seeds reduced from 82.8% in farmer’s level to 75.9% in retailers at traditional markets, as the increase of shrivelled and damage kernels. The average moisture content in marketing chain was 9.5%, which was higher than 8% as recommended. The infection of A. flavus was high in big traders and drastically reduced in retailer level. Aflatoxin B1 contamination went up from farmer to retailer beyond the permitted level of 15 µg kg−1. Total phenolic contents of peanuts collected from marketing chain ranged from 42.6 – 88.6 mg GAE/g that 60-80% lower than the ones contained by the newly harvested peanuts (81.9 – 116.6 mg GAE/g). Reasonable low physical quality and potentially high aflatoxin contamination of peanuts in retailer level suggest the essential of good handling practices to be introduced to peanut stakeholders.
Antioxidant capacity, beta-carotene, and ascorbic acid of Sumatera indigenous monkey jack (Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Hamm) Fruits
Authors: Pardede E. , Julianti E. , Tampubolon B.
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, beta-carotene content, ascorbic acid concentration, and other compositional indices of the native but underutilized monkey jack (Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Hamm) fruit. The evaluation was conducted on unripe monkey jack fruits that were almost fully developed. The measurements of monkey jack fruit’s moisture, total soluble solid, and titratable acid were found to be 84.58 0.1%, 10.33 0.7 oBrix, and 3.92 0.6 g.100g-1, respectively. The hue value of 44.653.8, along with the L, a, and b values of 46.602.3, 25.002.3, and 26.131.9, respectively, indicate that the fruit flesh is pink. Using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, the antioxidant activity of monkey jack fruit was determined to be 57.75 1.8 ppm, but the carotenoid and ascorbic acid concentrations were 54.22 1.4 and 45.90 1.8, respectively. This study demonstrated the significant potential of the Artocarpus lacucha Buch-Hamm fruit to serve as a natural source of antioxidant components.
Physical and Textural Properties of Soy Oil-Based Full-Fat Mayonnaise Enriched with Virgin Red Palm Oil
Authors: Wiguna B , Kahfi J , Aji G K , Rachman D , Nasori A S , Maryana E , Muhamaludin  , Atmaji P , Hidayat T , Soraya M , Purwanto W , Susetyo I B , Widodo W E
Published: October 2023

Mayonnaise, a classic condiment, is made by gradually mixing between the oil phase (vegetable oils) and the water phase such as egg yolk, vinegar, salt, sugar, and seasonings, creating a semi-solid emulsion. This study aimed to identify the effect of virgin red palm oil addition on the physical and textural properties of full-fat mayonnaise. The study formulated full-fat mayonnaise using soybean oil as an oil base. In addition, virgin red palm oil, replacing soybean oil, was introduced into the mayo recipe at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% as a bioactive ingredient. The physical characteristics were examined by assessing several parameters such as viscosity, pH value, color, and emulsion stability as well as a creaming index. Concurrently, a texture analyzer was employed to assess the textural qualities of full-fat mayonnaise encompassing firmness, consistency, and cohesiveness. The study found that the physical and textural characteristics of full-fat mayonnaise varied depending on the variation of red palm oil addition. All in all, full-fat mayonnaise properties, particularly physical and textural parameter, was affected by the substitution of soybean oil with various percentages of virgin red palm oil.
Effect of an Amplitude and Time Duration at Betacyanin Extraction by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) Method
Authors: Khamidah A. , Sunarharum W. B. , Putri W. D. R.
Published: October 2023

Dragon fruit peel is a byproduct of agriculture that naturally dyes with betacyanin. Application of betacyanin as a natural dye obtained by extraction. In this study, betacyanin was extracted from dragon fruit peel using the Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) technique in order to assess its impact on yield, betacyanin concentration, and redness value. UAE performed extraction with several amplitude levels (60, 72, 84, and 96%) and time durations (4; 10; 16; 22 and 28 minutes). The results significantly affected betacyanin content, redness value, and yield. Based on the Zeleney, the best treatment showed that the extraction with an amplitude of 84% for 16 minutes produced the highest response with betacyanin content, redness value, and yield, respectively of 282.002 mg/L; 48.40 and 64.52%.
Characterization E. coli isolated clinical and subclinical mastitis at Ettawa-Crossbreed Goat (PE) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Suwito W , Andriani  , Martini T , Nugroho WS
Published: October 2023

Clinical (CM) and subclinical mastitis (SCM) in Ettawa-Crossbreed goat (PE) are inflicting a financial loss. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is Gram-negative bacteria that is responsible for causing CM and SCM in goats. The purpose of this research is characterization E. coli from CM and SCM cases at PE goat in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A total of eight E. coli isolates were obtained, with three from cases of CM and five from cases of SCM. The phenotypic characterization of E. coli involves various factors such as morphology, biochemical properties, hemolysin production, and sensitivity to antimicrobials. The study found no discernible disparities in morphology and biochemical characteristics of E. coli isolates in CM and SCM obtained from PE goats. E. coli isolates from SCM did not demonstrate hemolytic activity. However, one isolate of E. coli type ß-hemolytic was identified from CM. E. coli isolates found in CM and SCM in PE goats in Yogyakarta, Indonesia was resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin, and sulfamethoxazole. The phenotypic characterization did not differentiate between the E. coli isolates that caused CM and SCM. Therefore, it can be concluded that there are no discernible differences in the phenotypic character of E. coli isolates in CM and SCM in PE goats in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
The Effect of Black Soldier Fly Maggot Powder on Performance, Digestive Organ Weight, and Carcass Proportion Supermaron Native Chicken
Authors: Nandhirabrata R , Widiastuti E , Sugiharto S
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study is to determine if and how the maggot black army fly flour in the diet affects the health and productivity of domesticated supermaron chickens. The feed ration contains black soldier fly (BSF) maggot flour, which has the potential to be employed as a source of animal protein both biologically and commercially. This study was conducted in vivo, which means that varied degrees of administration in the ratio of the protein content in the ration were given directly to animals. T-Test was used in this investigation with two treatments and eight replications. The treatment consisted of control (T0), namely complete feed with 20% protein content, and T1 in the form of control feed plus supplementation of maggot flour with protein content of 40.83% as much as 10% of each portion of feed given. The parameters studied were performance, weight and length of digestive organs, and proportion of carcass consisting of feed consumption, ADG, FCR, Digestive organs mass relatives, and carcass proportions. Based on the research that supplementation with 10% maggot flour has not had a significant effect on all parameters found. This is due to the possibility that a complete diet that satisfies the nutritional requirements of domesticated supermaron chickens and the addition of 10% BSF maggot flour have not been able to maximize the productivity of domesticated supermaron chickens, necessitating increased BSF maggot meal levels.
A fast fabrication technique of FTO/AuNPs electrochemical electrodes for on-site arsenic (III) detection
Authors: Nguyen Van Vien , Hoang Nguyen Thu Hien , Nguyen Canh Minh Thang , Ngo Hoang Long , Nguyen Thanh Tung , Le Viet Hai , Nguyen Thai Hoang
Published: October 2023

In this study, gold nanoelectrodes were fabricated via electrical deposition of gold nanoparticles (NPs) onto FTO electrodes using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 1 M H3PO4 solution at a scan rate of 100 mV.s−1 in the potential range of 0–1.4 V and −0.5–0.6 V. The fabricated FTO/AuNP electrodes were characterised by UV–vis, scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, as well as CV and linear sweep voltammetry; the presence of gold on the electrode surface and its electrochemical properties were confirmed towards hydroquinone. The electrodes with the best electrochemical properties were chosen for arsenic(III) determination. The fabricated FTO/AuNP electrodes in the potential range of 0–1.4 V exhibited the high sensitivity with limit of detection (LOD) of 3.04 ppb and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 9.23 ppb, whereas the FTO/AuNP electrode fabricated in the potential range of −0.5 V–0.6 V displayed the enhancement sensitivity with LOD = 0.623 ppb and LOQ = 1.89 ppb.
Circulating-infiltrating preparation of hydrophilic nylon 6 membrane to hydrophobic MWCNT@nylon composite membrane
Authors: Phong Mai Thanh , Vuong Vinh-Dat , Tai Nguyen Tan , Nazeri Muhammad Firdaus Mohd , Nguyen Tien-Thanh , Thi Pham Tan , Le Thang Van
Published: October 2023

The ion adsorption capacity has been added to the nylon 6 microfiltration (MF) membrane by grafting the fibers in its structure with carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH). Through a direct three-step functionalization reaction with hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) and MWCNT-COOH, the multi-walled carbon nanotubes grafted nylon (MWCNT@nylon) fibers are made up of original nylon 6 and intermediate amino-enriched (nylon-NH2) membranes. Chemical structure analysis shows that HMDA and MWCNTs were grafted to the nylon 6 fiber side wall, without causing damage to either the nylon 6 backbone or the pore size of the original membrane. The SEM images confirm this and further confirm that the plexus of MWCNT-COOH has a pore size of approximately 50 nm, covering the nylon 6 fibers. The sidewall of nylon-NH2 and MWCNT@nylon fibers contains hydrophilic groups (amino and carboxylic), allowing the as-prepared membranes to reduce the wetting angle from about 70.3° to about 108.1°. This special structure opens new possibilities for polyamide membranes as well as mass production by the proposed simple method.
Considerations for MR-linac bunker shielding design
Authors: Quintero Castelán María del Sol , Hernández Christian Estrada , Chávez Pablo Abel Chee , Rojas-López José Alejandro
Published: October 2023

Purpose. To show the considerations followed for MR-linac in shielding design for the first MR-linac in Mexico following the national clinical necessities. Method. The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) 151 recommendations were followed for the shielding design for primary and secondary barriers and the door design. The calculations were made considering the clinical demands in the country, that is, intensity modulated (IMRT) and 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DC-RT) in 80%–20% proportion. Results. The values obtained in the level survey fully comply with the limits established by the national regulatory authority and with those recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for public and occupational exposures. Conclusion. It is remarkable that the workload may increase or that the doses per patient may increase considering occupancy factors, which would allow the introduction of hypofractionated techniques with the same number of patients considered in this work without the need to make modifications in the bunker design.
Drought effects on soil organic carbon under different agricultural systems
Authors: Soares Pedro R , Harrison Matthew T , Kalantari Zahra , Zhao Wenwu , Ferreira Carla S S
Published: October 2023

Drought is a natural hazard occurring with increasing frequency due to climate change. Drought events reduce soil water content and also soil organic carbon (SOC) content, with negative impacts on crop development and food security. This study investigates the impact of drought on SOC dynamics in agricultural systems and the influence of water availability and farm management practices in these impacts. The manuscript is a systematic review, based on Scopus database for scoping the literature on the topic. A total of 283 records were retrieved, but only 16 papers were relevant for the review. The main findings are: (1) water plays a key role in regulating SOC mineralization due to its impact on dynamics of soil microbial communities, necessitating further research on water management to mitigate carbon losses during drought; (2) different agricultural systems can have differing impacts on SOC under drought conditions depending on crop type (e.g. pastures are more resilient than arable systems) and farm management practices; and (3) SOC loss generally occurs after a drought event, regardless of farm management regime, but the contribution of drought to this loss requires further research. Best management practices, such as cover cropping and soil amendment, can minimize SOC losses, but further research is required to optimize these practices in counteracting the effect of drought. A better understanding of the effects of drought on SOC dynamics, and of short-term and long-term ways to mitigate these effects, is important to ensure soil health and crop productivity.
Disaster education: empowering resilience and mitigating PTSD in disaster-prone areas of China
Authors: Hu Xiaoshan , Huang Peisen , Lv Yang , Liu Mingxia
Published: October 2023

The people of disaster-affected communities are suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to the adverse effects of natural disasters. Education about disasters has become a possible strategy for fostering resilience and easing PTSD symptoms. This study intends to investigate the moderating roles of social support and disaster experiences on the relationships between disaster education, psychological resilience, and PTSD in disaster-prone regions of Southwest China. This study used Disaster Education Evaluation Scale, Psychological Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Social Support Rating Scale (SRSS), event intensity Scale and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Self-Rating Scale (PTSD-SS), surveyed 712 residents in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other areas where natural disasters frequently occur in Southwest China. The research findings indicate that there is a negative association between disaster education and PTSD. The association is influenced by the presence of improved psychological resilience, which acts as a mediator. Additionally, it was discovered that disaster events positively moderated the relationship between psychological resilience and PTSD while social support negatively moderated it. Resilience has a noteworthy role as a substantial mediator, highlighting its crucial function in mitigating the detrimental consequences of catastrophes and amplifying the beneficial outcomes of disaster education. These results imply that building psychological resilience, which might reduce PTSD symptoms in people living in disaster-prone regions, is a critical part of disaster education. The strength of the catastrophic event and social support are other factors that affect how psychological resilience and PTSD are related. The research argues that disaster education is crucial for strengthening community resilience and reducing PTSD symptoms in at-risk areas. To increase psychological resilience and lessen PTSD in high-risk locations, policymakers and disaster management organizations should emphasize disaster education initiatives and strengthen social support network.
Laser seeker design with multi-focal diffractive lens
Authors: Ünal Ahmet
Published: October 2023

Diffractive optical elements are increasingly favoured due to their ability to provide numerous design freedoms by adjusting the Fresnel regions. The design freedoms make it possible to meet multiple system functions in electro-optical systems simultaneously by using a single optical element. This research introduces a novel laser seeker design with a multi-focal diffractive lens that enhances a laser seeker’s measurement sensitivity and linear measurement range. The development of the multi-focal combined lens, featuring two distinct regions with unique focal lengths, aims to simultaneously fulfill two system functions within the laser seeker. The central region of the lens is intended for adjusting the linear measurement range, while the outer region is utilized to regulate the measurement sensitivity of the seeker. The numerical optical wave propagation method was employed to simulate the behaviour of the laser seeker with a multi-focal diffractive lens, and the combined diffractive lens was compared to an ideal lens in the scope of laser seeker application. The simulation results indicate that the measurement sensitivity of the seeker has been increased between 0° to ±3° angular incidence, and the linear measurement range has been increased from ±18° to ±26°. The findings of this study contribute to the advancement of multi-focal diffractive lenses, which fulfil multiple functions within an electro-optical system concurrently.
Impact of tropical teleconnections on the long-range predictability of the atmosphere at midlatitudes: a reduced-order multi-scale model perspective
Authors: Vannitsem Stéphane
Published: October 2023

Teleconnections between the tropical and the extratropical climates are often considered as a potential source of long-term predictability at seasonal to decadal time scales in the extratropics. This claim is taken up in the present work by investigating the predictability of a coupled ocean–atmosphere extratropical model under a one-way forcing generated by a tropical model. Both models display a chaotic dynamics, and the dominant variable of the extratropical model displays a high correlation with the tropical forcing in the reference simulation, inducing a low-frequency variability signal in the extratropics. Numerical experiments emulating the presence of initial condition errors in the tropical model are conducted to clarify their impact on the predictability in the extratropics. It is shown that: (i) the correlation skill of the dominant observable affected by the forcing is considerably degraded at interannual time scales due to the presence of initial condition errors in the tropics, limiting the potential of teleconnections; (ii) averaging of an ensemble of forecasts–with a small number of members–may substantially improve the quality of the forecasts; and (iii) temporal averaging may also improve the quality of the forecasts (at the expense of being able to forecast extreme events), in particular when the forcing affects weakly the observable under interest.
Structural and electronic properties of novel BeN4/MgN4 nanoribbons
Authors: Ponvijayakanthan L , Jaiswal Neeraj K , Ghosh Haranath
Published: October 2023

Nanostructures of novel materials are capable of altering the properties of materials quite drastically. Recently discovered Dirac monolayer BeN4 has drawn much attention since this Nitrogen-based material’s electronic structure is very similar to graphene. In this work, we have analyzed various possiblities of nanoribbons structures of MN4 (M=Be, Mg) monolayer materials. We have proposed several possible geometries of BeN4 and MgN4 nanoribbon structures. More specifically, we have proposed armchair nanoribbons with three possible edge configurations as well as zigzag nanoribbons based on edge geometry. Owing to the changes in coordination environment of nanoribbon edge atoms, the resulting bonding characteristics gets altered at the edges, leading to interesting electronic properties. The electronic structures of these nanoribbons are quite different from monolayer and reveal fascinating edge states that exclusively depend on the edge configuration. Though the armchair nanoribbons are found to be metallic, the electronic structure of zigzag nanoribbons exhibits band gap which lead to huge tunability potential of the investigated nanostructures. Therefore, these nanoribbons can function both, metallic as well as semiconducting as required in device applications which can be tuned by modulating the material geometry.