bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Percent positivity and phylogenetic analysis of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae in commercial poultry from the different States of India
Authors: Giram Pranoti , Bhutada Pankhudi , Prajapati Chhagan , Koratkar Santosh S. , Patil Sachin , Hooda Devender , Rale Vinay , Tongaonkar Satish S.
Published: July 2022

Background and Aim: The Indian and global poultry industries suffer significant economic losses due to Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) infections, which adversely affect egg production, hatchability, weight gain, and feed efficiency in farms, thus decreasing the overall production efficiency. This study aimed to determine the percent positivity and phylogenetic analysis of MG, MS, and co-infection of both mycoplasmas in commercial poultry farms across different states of India from 2017 to 2021.

Materials and Methods: A total of 3620 tracheal or choacal swabs were collected from breeder and layer farms showing clinical signs of avian mycoplasma infections from commercial poultry farms across India, and the percent positivites for MG, MS, and co-infection of both mycoplasmas were determined by Polymerase chain reaction using the 16S rRNA and vlhA genes amplification, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out by sequencing the mgc2 and vlhA genes of 2 samples of MG and 24 samples of M. synoviae to gain insight into the genetic variability of Indian strains. The data were then compared with other Indian strains, vaccines strains, and strains from other countries.

Results: Our data shows the percent positivity of MG, MS, and co-infection of both MG and MS was 6.43%, 23.61%, and 15.49%, respectively. The phylogenetic relationship between MG and MS was determined using the vlhA and mgc2 genes, revealing two samples of MG and 24 samples of MS clustered with other Indian strains. M. synoviae MSM22 and previously studied M. synoviae MGS 482 clustered with vaccine strain M. synoviae MS-H.

Conclusion: Mycoplasma synoviae infections in breeder, layer, and in both is predominant compared to MG across the states investigated in India. Sequenced samples of MG and MS showed evolutionary relationships with the previously studied Indian strains of MG and MS. These findings support our view that monitoring chickens for avian mycoplasma infections are of paramount significance. It further lends credence to the contention that such information will pave the way for the development of a home-grown vaccination control program and thus safeguard the poultry sector against mycoplasma infections.
ZAKβ is activated by cellular compression and mediates contraction‐induced MAP kinase signaling in skeletal muscle
Authors: Nordgaard Cathrine , Vind Anna Constance , Stonadge Amy , Kjøbsted Rasmus , Snieckute Goda , Antas Pedro , Blasius Melanie , Reinert Marie Sofie , Del Val Ana Martinez , Bekker‐Jensen Dorte Breinholdt , Haahr Peter , Miroshnikova Yekaterina A , Mazouzi Abdelghani , Falk Sarah , Perrier‐Groult Emeline , Tiedje Christopher , Li Xiang , Jakobsen Jens Rithamer , Jørgensen Nicolas Oldenburg , Wojtaszewski Jørgen FP , Mallein‐Gerin Frederic , Andersen Jesper Løvind , Pennisi Cristian Pablo , Clemmensen Christoffer , Kassem Moustapha , Jafari Abbas , Brummelkamp Thijn , Li Vivian SW , Wickström Sara A , Olsen Jesper Velgaard , Blanco Gonzalo , Bekker‐Jensen Simon
Published: July 2022

Mechanical inputs give rise to p38 and JNK activation, which mediate adaptive physiological responses in various tissues. In skeletal muscle, contraction‐induced p38 and JNK signaling ensure adaptation to exercise, muscle repair, and hypertrophy. However, the mechanisms by which muscle fibers sense mechanical load to activate this signaling have remained elusive. Here, we show that the upstream MAP3K ZAKβ is activated by cellular compression induced by osmotic shock and cyclic compression in vitro, and muscle contraction in vivo. This function relies on ZAKβ's ability to recognize stress fibers in cells and Z‐discs in muscle fibers when mechanically perturbed. Consequently, ZAK‐deficient mice present with skeletal muscle defects characterized by fibers with centralized nuclei and progressive adaptation towards a slower myosin profile. Our results highlight how cells in general respond to mechanical compressive load and how mechanical forces generated during muscle contraction are translated into MAP kinase signaling.
Development of Guided Inquiry Learning Tools using Socio-Scientific Issue to Train Critical Thinking Ability and Care for The Environment of Students
Authors: Wulansari Fitria Wahyu , Dewi Novi Ratna
Published: July 2022

Learning cannot be separated from the existence of learning tools. Learning devices are components that are used as a reference for implementing the learning process. The learning process requires appropriate models and strategies to train students' knowledge and attitudes. This study aims to determine the characteristics and feasibility of guided inquiry learning tools using the socio-scientific issue (SSI) to train critical thinking skills and care for the environment of students. The learning tools developed consist of a syllabus, lesson plans, student worksheets, and evaluation tools for question sheets. The characteristics of the learning tools are (1) containing guided inquiry (2) containing socio-scientific issues (SSI), (3) training critical thinking skills, and (4) training environmental care. The research model used is ADDIE (analyze, design, development, implementation, and evaluations) which is modified by using 4 of the 5 stages of ADDIE. The results of the feasibility analysis of the learning device components from the validation results and the teacher/student readability questionnaire obtained very feasible criteria and the evaluation tool of the question sheet was valid. The results obtained indicate that the development of guided inquiry learning tools using the socio-scientific issue (SSI) is feasible to use in the learning process
Model of Independent Activity Learning Unit (UKBM) in Macromolecular Learning to Train The Cognitive Ability and Creativity of Vocational High School Students
Authors: Khasanah Rohmatul , Saptono Sigit
Published: July 2022

This study aims to develop and analyze the characteristics and validity of the Independent Activity Learning Unit (UKBM) model in learning Macromolecules because of its development to train the cognitive abilities and creativity of vocational high school students. The type of research used is Sugiyono's modified R&D with six steps of development research. The trial step could not be carried out due to Covid-19 constraints. The subjects of this development research were five validators, material experts, and media experts. UKBM validity was obtained from the validator's assessment through a validation sheet using a Likert scale. The results showed that after being validated and revised based on suggestions from the validator, the results of the first study showed that the UKBM developed had the characteristics: according to on basics competence (KD), measure competency achievement, utilizes learning technology, easy to apply, develops HOTS but cannot be separated from LOTS, and 6) attractive appearance. Then, the validity of the UKBM developed by the material validator is 84.66%, which indicates that the UKBM developed is valid, and 88.4% by the media validator, which indicates the UKBM developed is very valid
Development of Interactive E-Books containing Virtual Laboratory to Improve Students’ Motivation Learning
Authors: Ramadhani Viola Yorika , Khusniati Miranita
Published: July 2022

This study aims to analyze the characteristics, validity, and ability of Interactive E-Book media containing Virtual Laboratory in fostering learning motivation and to find out how the cognitive learning outcomes of students. The design of this research is Research and Development, using modified steps according to Sugiyono. Analysis of potential problems seen from the low motivation to learn of students, which is supported by the lack of innovation in learning media on global warming at SMP N 4 Semarang. In this study, an interactive learning media on global warming material was developed in the form of an E-Book with an application format so that it could be accessed flexibly via mobile phones. The Interactive E-Book was declared very valid with an average validation of 92.94% from media validators and 89.87% from material validators. Then a trial was conducted to determine the readability of the media. The results of the media readability research from students obtained an average of 88.92% with very good criteria. The ability of Interactive E-Books to increase students' learning motivation was measured using a learning motivation questionnaire, there was an increase in the high category. In addition, the increase in learning motivation is also supported by the cognitive learning, average pretest score was 51.78 while the posttest score was 85.56. Based on the description, it is concluded that the Interactive E-Book is valid to be used as a medium in learning activities and is able to improve students' learning motivation.
Quercetin protects rat BMSCs from oxidative stress via ferroptosis
Authors: Lan Dongmei , Qi Shengcai , Yao Chao , Li Xue , Liu Haijiang , Wang Dan , Wang Yan
Published: July 2022

Quercetin has been shown to have a wide range of beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and immunomodulation. The study was designed to explore the role and molecular mechanisms of quercetin on the protective effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) under oxidative stress in vitro. BMSCs were isolated from 4-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats. Upon H2O2 stimulation in vitro, the effects of quercetin on the proliferation, anti-oxidation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8, reactive oxygen species analysis, Western blot (WB), real-time PCR (RT-PCR), alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining. Additionally, ferroptosis-related markers were examined by WB, RT-PCR and Mito-FerroGreen. Finally, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was explored in these processes. We found that quercetin significantly maintained BMSCs viability upon H2O2 stimulation. Quercetin upregulated protein (ALP, OPN and RUNX2) and mRNA (Alp, Opn, Ocn and Runx2) levels of osteogenic markers, downregulated ROS levels and upregulated antioxidative gene expressions (Nrf2, Cat, Sod-1 and Sod-2) compared with the H2O2 group. The ferroptosis in BMSCs was activated after H2O2 stimulation, and the phosphorylation level of PI3K, AKT and mTOR was upregulated in H2O2-stimulated BMSCs. More importantly, quercetin inhibited ferroptosis and the phosphorylation level of PI3K, AKT and mTOR were downregulated after quercetin treatment. We conclude that quercetin maintained the viability and the osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs upon H2O2 stimulation, potentially via ferroptosis inhibition by PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Mahaim Revisited
Authors: Sternick Eduardo Back , Sanchez-Quintana Damian , Wellens Hein JJ , Anderson Robert H
Published: July 2022

The name Ivan Mahaim is well-known to electrophysiologists. However, alternative anatomical substrates can produce the abnormal rhythms initially interpreted on the basis of the pathways he first described. These facts have prompted suggestions that Mahaim should be deprived of his eponym. It is agreed that specificity is required when describing the pathways that produce the disordered cardiac conduction, and that the identified pathways should now be described in an attitudinally appropriate fashion. The authors remain to be convinced that understanding will be enhanced simply by discarding the term ‘Mahaim physiology’ from the lexicon. It is fascinating to look back at the history of accessory atrioventricular junctional conduction pathways outside the normal accessory atrioventricular conduction system, and their possible role in rhythm disturbances. It took both the anatomist and the clinical arrhythmologist quite some time to understand the complex anatomical architecture and the ensuing electrophysiological properties. Over the years, the name Mahaim was often mentioned in those discussions, although these pathways were not the ones that produced the eponym. The reason for this review, therefore, is to present relevant information about the person and what followed thereafter.
ПОЕТИКА КАРНАВАЛЬНОСТІ ЯК ФІЛОСОФСЬКЕ СВІТОВІДЧУТТЯ М. ГОГОЛЯ
Authors: Rodnyi Oleh
Published: July 2022

У статті розглядаються основні положення романтичної естетики творчості М.Гоголя (смішення реальності і думки, життя з мистецтвом, стремління до особистої свободи, іронія), які пересікаються з атрибутами карнавала. Вказано, що поєднання з атмосферою карнавала можливо тільки через суміш, який у цьому випадку можна розглядати як своєрідний провідник в сфері «утопічної свободи» та особливого, святкового осягнення істини. З іншої сторони, самої характерної формою естетичних відносин Гоголя до дійсності був сміх. Доведено, що тема карнавалізації у контексті філософії М.Гоголя є перспективним вектором розкриття творчого методу письменника.Цель статті – виявлення особливостей карнавального світовідчуття як істотної складової філософії М.Гоголя, і яка, у свою чергу, є важливою для деконструкції гоголівських художніх текстів.
A Ṣūfī Apologist of Nīshāpūr: The Life and Thought of Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī
Authors: Chowdhury S. Z.
Published: July 2022

Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn al-Sulamī (d. 412/1021 AH/CE) was born and raised in Nīshāpūr, one of the most renowned cities in the Islamic world. He was part of a line of earlier Ṣūfī figures who attempted to defend the cardinal tenets of Sufism from accusations of heresy. However, al-Sulamī surpassed his predecessors by amassing a corpus of antecedent mystical dicta from the architects of Islamic mysticism and substantiating them with transmission channels (isnāds) or grounding them in a core teaching of the Prophet Muḥammad. This study demonstrates that al-Sulamī was an accomplished mystic. It outlines his life and times, and surveys in full all his works as far as they can be identified. Moreover, the important sources that shaped the development and impression of his thinking and modality of transforming the ego-self (nafs) are presented in detail, bringing together earlier and current academic scholarship on this important figure of the third and fourth centuries of Islam (ninth and tenth centuries CE).
Divine Covenant: Science and Concepts of Natural Law in the Qur’an and Islamic Disciplines
Authors: Mårtensson Ulrika
Published: July 2022

Divine Covenant explores the Qurʾānic concept of divine knowledge through scientific, theoretical paradigms – in particular natural law theory – and their relationship with seven Islamic scholarly disciplines: linguistics, hadith, politics, history, exegesis, jurisprudence, theology. By comparing scholarship within these disciplines using current state-of-the-art methodology, the study shows how the Qurʾānic concept of Divine covenant reflects natural law theory, relates to a range of other legal, political, and linguistic Qurʾānic concepts, informs the canon’s entire literary structure, and has implications for a new, legal theory of ‘Islamic origins’. This book makes the case that the Islamic disciplines share political economy, institutional framework, and decisive theoretical topics with the Qurʾān. The latter includes the natural law-related issues of human rights, constitutional separation of powers, and social contract. The book surveys the scholarly deliberations of these topics within the parameters of each discipline and in changing contexts. In addition, it maps the consequences of the modern nation-state institutional order for early modern and contemporary Qurʾānic studies. The early and medieval Islamic disciplines offer scientifically valuable knowledge because they refer to the same institutional framework as the Qurʾān. These disciplines are also important parts of European political history, where they have inspired social contract theory inclusive of diverse religious identities.
Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı (2019) ve Ortaokul Türkçe Ders Kitapları Bağlamında Reklam Okuryazarlığı
Authors: ENSAR Ferhat , GÜNDÜZ Abdurrahman
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2019 Ortaokul Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nı (TDÖP) ve 5-8. sınıf düzeylerinde okutulan bir Türkçe ders kitabını (TDK) reklam okuryazarlığı bağlamında incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda TDÖP’te yer alan ortaokul düzeyindeki sınıfların ders kazanım ve kazanım açıklamaları ile TDK’deki okuma, dinleme/izleme metinleri ve etkinlikleri reklam okuryazarlığı açısından incelenmiştir. Nitel yaklaşımla tasarlanan bu çalışmada veriler, doküman analizi yoluyla toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz yoluyla incelenmiştir. TDÖP’te reklam okuryazarlığı ile ilgili kazanımların olduğu bununla birlikte bu kazanımların dil becerilerine dengeli biçimde yansıtılmadığı belirlenmiştir. TDK’de reklam okuryazarlığı ile ilgi kurulabilecek dinleme/okuma metnine rastlanmamış olmakla birlikte reklam okuryazarlığı ile ilgili etkinlikler söz konusudur. Ancak bu etkinliklerin de reklamların temel amacını yansıtmadığı söylenebilir. Hâlbuki farklı okuryazarlıkları öne çıkaran TDÖP gösterimleri doğrultusunda ortaokul TDK’de reklamların doğasını yansıtan metinlere ve etkinliklerine yer verilerek öğrencilerin reklamlarda kullanılan ikna stratejilerine karşı zihinsel ve duygusal açıdan daha hazırlıklı kılınabileceği açıktır.
Introduction: Books and Manuscripts in Wales
Authors: Chadwick Mary , Clavier Sarah Ward , Evans Shaun
Published: July 2022

This introduction outlines the research context from which this special number arises. It opens with a discussion of the interdisciplinary conference 'Reading, Writing and Collecting: Books and Manuscripts in Wales, 1450–1850' and our rationale in our selection of papers from
that conference. There follows an exploration of relevant historiography on this topic, drawing out areas of interest but also those where further work is needed. It concludes with a summary of the articles, their foci and approaches, and demonstrates the rich variety in the special number
itself.
Sir John Prise and His Books: Manuscript Culture in the March of Wales
Authors: Fulton Helen
Published: July 2022

Sir John Prise (1501/2–55) was a Welsh lawyer and book collector who was one of the royal commissioners responsible for closing down the monasteries at the Dissolution of the 1530s. Operating mainly in the March of Wales, Prise was able to save around 100 medieval manuscripts
which would otherwise have been destroyed. As a Welsh speaker, Prise was keenly interested in medieval Welsh writing and some of the most famous medieval Welsh manuscripts passed through his hands. He was particularly interested in the British history of Geoffrey of Monmouth and in his Latin
prose treatise, Historiae Britannicae Defensio, published in 1573 after his death, Prise put forward a spirited defence of the 'British history' related by Geoffrey, based almost entirely on his reading of manuscripts that he owned. This article examines the significance of Sir John
Prise, his writing and his book collection in relation to the transmission of medieval texts into the Tudor age.
Women Labour: What Was It? What Is It Now? A Theoretical Analysis Based on Different Economic Perspectives
Authors: SARI Betül
Published: July 2022

One of the main mechanisms of development in economies is the efficient use of factors of production. In the use of labour, one of the primary production resources in economies, it can be said that there is a distribution in favour of men in many countries in terms of existing gender patterns. Women's labour remains secondary because men are central in almost all social institutions and relations, and men's leading position is also considered. Women are generally held responsible for domestic work, making them less likely to benefit from labour markets and educational opportunities than males. However, within the framework of the evolution of economic thought and development, economics emerged as a separate discipline following the Second World War. Some changes in women’s labour and pertinent views about it have occurred. The impact of women's labour on development has begun to be grasped. In all these contexts, in this study, the socio-economic and cultural advancement and turn of women’s labour concerning the evolution of economic thought and development economics are investigated, and the place and magnitude of women's labour in development are discussed.
Determinants of the Export of Financial and Insurance & Pension Services
Authors: KAYA Melek , TUNAHAN Hakan , ŞİMDİ Halil
Published: July 2022

International trade in services, defined as the backbone of the global economy, is expected to take approximately 50% by 2040 globally. Among services, two service categories are financial and insurance & pension services. Considering the contribution of the exports of these services to the local and global economy and the increasing trend of their export values, this study aims to examine the main determinants of the export of financial and, insurance & pension services. Therefore, it analyses the impacts of changes in Foreign Direct Investment Inflows and Outflows, Financial Institutions Depth, Corruption Perception Index, Gross Domestic Product, and Federal Funds Rate on the export of financial and insurance & pension services. The Panel Fixed Effect Model is applied using annual panel data from 2005 through 2018 for 82 high and middle-income countries. Empirical findings show that Financial Institutions Depth and Gross Domestic Product have positive effects on the export of financial and insurance & pension services in high-income countries, while for middle-income countries, Financial Institutions Depth, Gross Domestic Product, and Foreign Direct Investment Outflow variables promote the export of financial and insurance & pension services.
Macaristan Ekonomisinde Enerji Verimliliğini Etkileyen Faktörlerin FOURIER ADL Eşbütünleşme Yaklaşımıyla Belirlenmesi
Authors: NAİMOĞLU Mustafa , SAHABİ Ahmet Melik , ÖZBEK Sefa
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışmada ileri piyasa yükselen ekonomileri arasında enerji verimliliğini en fazla artıran Macaristan ekonomisi için enerji verimliliğini etkileyen faktörler araştırılmıştır. Ampirik yöntem olarak son yıllarda literatüre kazandırılan Fourier ADL yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. 1990-2020 örneklem döneminde Macaristan ekonomisine ait yıllık kişi başı GSYH, sanayileşme ve fosil yakıt kullanımı ile enerji verimliliği değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Ampirik bulgular, kişi başı GSYH ve sanayileşmenin enerji verimliliğini artırdığını; fosil yakıt kullanımının ise enerji verimliliğini azalttığını göstermiştir.
Belenggu Pemikiran Masyarakat Melayu Islam di Tanah Melayu: Peranan Majalah Qalam Sebelum Merdeka (1950-1957)
Authors: Mohd Sharif Mohd Shahrul Azha , Mohd Noor A rba’iyah , Abdullah Mohd Firdaus
Published: July 2022

Kebudayaan Melayu dan Islam mempunyai nilai kesepaduan yang kuat. Islam banyak mempengaruhi nilai amalan masyarakat Melayu dari segi cara berfikir, akhlak dan tingkah laku serta akidah dan kepercayaan. Walau bagaimanapun, ada di antara amalan seharian yang diamalkan itu tidak selari dengan ajaran Islam sehingga menyebabkan kemunduran kepada bangsa Melayu. Kajian ini, menganalisis isu kemunduran yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat Melayu yang beragama Islam pada pertengahan abad ke-20, seterusnya mengenal pasti sejauh mana peranan majalah Qalam membentuk minda masyarakat Melayu dalam mempersiapkan diri bagi menghadapi arus modenisasi sebelum merdeka. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan kaedah penyelidikan sejarah berbentuk kualitatif dengan menganalisis dan menginterpretasi kandungan majalah Qalam sebagai rujukan utama di samping rujukan pelbagai sumber yang terdapat di Arkib Negara Malaysia dan Perpustakaan Universiti Malaya. Tidak dinafikan lagi, Qalam adalah sebuah majalah Islamik yang melaungkan suara pemodenan dan perubahan kepada orang Melayu supaya terus ke hadapan seiring dengan pembangunan yang kian pesat. Qalam telah menjalankan tanggungjawab sosial sebaik mungkin dengan memperjelas kepentingan budaya berfikir yang menyeru agar masyarakat Melayu perlu menyingkir kepercayaan dan amalan tradisional mereka seperti taqlid buta, berserah kepada ketentuan dan nasib serta kepercayaan khurafat. Ini kerana perlakuan tersebut boleh membelenggu pemikiran dan merencat perkembangan orang Melayu mengecap kemajuan. Justeru Qalam mengesyorkan supaya ulama menjadi pemimpin ke arah membentuk minda masyarakat Melayu menghadapi cabaran kemodenan dengan berijtihad. Cabaran kemajuan memerlukan orang Melayu sedar akan kelemahan mereka khususnya tentang budaya berfikir. Oleh itu, mereka harus keluar dari kepompong kejumudan dan kemunduran ilmu pengetahuan agar dapat membina kecemerlangan berlandaskan acuan Islam sebenar.
The Concept of Al-Ta’ayush in Islamic Cosmopolitanism: From Medina to Istanbul and Malacca
Authors: Abdullah Asilatul Hanaa , Fathil Fauziah
Published: July 2022

In modern Western perspective, Islam is often associated with jihad or holy war waged against non-Muslims. In the Western view, multiculturalism and religious pluralism have neither a place in Islam nor Islamic state, therefore, making Islam look very intolerant and non-inclusive towards other faiths and cultures. This research aims to elucidate how multiculturalism under the concept of Al-Ta’ayush was practised by two Muslim governments, first as manifested in the Millet system (independent court for personal law) under the Ottoman Caliphate and secondly in the Shahbandar (harbourmasters) system under the Malacca Sultanate which later evolved into the Kapitan system. Despite their geographical distance, these systems shared many similarities. This research aims to refute the idea that Islam is intolerant by giving examples from the previous Muslim governments and tracing their systems back to the first Islamic state established by Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), which was the Islamic state of Medina. This paper demonstrates that Muslim rulers during the Ottoman and Malaccan eras were tolerant towards their non-Muslim subjects as shown for instance, in the granting of autonomous rights which enabled the latter to be ruled by their own personal law and to freely practice their own faiths. This practice is unique because first, it was supported by Islamic teachings and secondly, in the pre-modern period where religious and cultural tolerance was not common, Islam was spearheading this concept of Al-Ta’ayush. This consequently makes Islam a religion that celebrates multiculturalism and religious pluralism.
Persepsi Sayyid Qutb terhadap Paderi di Amerika Syarikat dalam Travelognya Amerika Allati Ra’ytu
Authors: Zohkarnain Nur Asyiqin , Lubis Firuz-Akhtar
Published: July 2022

Kajian ini membahaskan kritikan pesimistik mengenai paderi di gereja dalam travelog Sayyid Qutub berjudul Amrika Allati Raytu atau terjemahan bahasa Inggerisnya, The America I Have Seen: In the Scale of Human Values. Sayyid Qutb merupakan seorang pengembara Arab moden dan pemikir Islam yang hebat. Ideologi pemikirannya sentiasa dijadikan rujukan bagi membantu membangkitkan semangat masyarakat Islam abad ke-20 yang telah dijajah oleh kuasa Barat. Sayyid Qutb menghabiskan riwayat hidupnya dengan sentiasa menghasilkan penulisan bagi kegunaan umat Islam. Setiap penulisannya mengandungi makna tersirat yang perlu didalami lagi khususnya travelognya yang kurang mendapat perhatian berbanding penulisannya yang lain. Uniknya, travelog ini banyak menceritakan sisi negatif masyarakat Amerika Syarikat dari sudut keagamaan berfokus kepada personaliti dan peranan paderi di gereja. Justeru itu, kajian ini akan menganalisis kritikan pesimistik tersebut dengan menggunakan teori pengecualian (othering). Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan dan dokumentasi. Diharapkan kajian ini dapat memberi satu perspektif baru dalam kesusasteraan Arab dan sastera kembara Islami khasnya dari sudut kritikan keagamaan. Hasil dapatan kajian membuktikan bahawa kritikan pesimistik Sayyid Qutb terhadap paderi gereja abad ke-20 di Amerika Syarikat mempunyai makna tersirat iaitu sebagai usaha untuk mempertahankan masyarakat Mesir daripada terus hanyut dalam kekaguman membuta tuli terhadap ideologi Barat yang tersebar luas ketika itu. Dengan statusnya sebagai pejuang Islam di Mesir, usahanya itu dilihat sebagai pembakar semangat Islam untuk rakyat senegaranya.
Combining Local DNA and Coaching Small and Medium Enterprises to Adopt Cross-Border e-Commerce and Smart Retail to Expand International Market
Authors:   Department and Graduate Institute of Applied English, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan., Yang Kai-Fu , Yang Hao-Wei
Published: July 2022

In order to strengthen the development of local industries in various counties and cities, attract more high-quality talents, promote sustainable development of regional industrial economy, enhance the quality of life, and create more regional brands, this research has been linked to industry, government, and university to help SMEs integrate DNA and assist SMEs to expand international market by adopting Cross-border E-commerce and Smart Retail. Through actual operation of this research, SMEs would be assisted to achieve the expected benefits: 1) Inverting local industry strategy, with “creative, innovation, and entrepreneurship” to create a synergistic effect of “design power, production power, and marketing power”; 2) Assisting manufacturers expand their channels and increase their values of 10% to be improved by promotion of this research; 3) Coaching enterprises in response to the trend of transformation, intend to promote and support innovation and transformation of SMEs by promoting this research, and strengthen inheritance of second generation of enterprises.
The Negligible Impact of Lecture Videos on the Learning Progress in a Laboratory Course during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   HTW Berlin, University of Applied Sciences, Wilhelminenhofstraße 75A, 12459 Berlin, Germany, Pfennig Anja
Published: July 2022

During the covid-19 pandemic semesters of 2020/21 material science laboratory courses at HTW-Berlin had to be taught fully online to first year students of mechanical engineering and automotive engineering. Specially produced lecture videos are assigned and guide students through the laboratory routine prior to class. Students regard these lecture films as easy to use, supportive to individual study routines and scientifically helpful during self-study periods. They rated tasks and questions aligned with the learning outcome of the lecture videos as highly beneficial and –surprisingly- did not prefer face-to-face time. However, grades are much lower and much more students failed the class. This was directly related to the negative input of solemn studying, lack of human interaction, scientific discussions, lack of the possibility to fail and regain self-attentiveness as well as permanent online time. Otherwise highly supportive teaching material became negligible during the full online-semesters.
UKRAINIAN VIDEO POETRY AS AN AESTHETIC PHENOMENON OF THE MODERN LITERARY PROCESS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Romanenko Olena
Published: July 2022

The results of the study of video poetry as a genre are presented. The object of analysis is Ukrainian video poetry, created within the projects CYCLOP (Ukraine), "Overcoming Silence" (Ella Yevtushenko, Daryna Gladun, Lesyk Panasyuk, and others), #DigitalShevchenko, "Power of Speech", "Subjective" (Sofia Bezverkha and Marichka Yarmola), "rosdilovi" (Olga Mykhailyuk and Serhiy Zhadan), "By the way" (Natalia Parshchyk, etc.), ZEBRA festival (Germany). Ukrainian video poetry has been developing since the 2000s and was first presented as part of the CYCLOP festival, which became both a venue for a video poetry competition and a platform for theoretical discussions. The significance of poetic intonation and the interaction of reader and author in video poetry is described. Genre features of video poetry are established, and also types of genre transformation are allocated. It has been proved that video poetry is a syncretic multimedia genre, which combines verbal and nonverbal components. The verbal component is the voice of the reader or poet, as well as the melody that complements them. The non-verbal component is based on the development of a visual metaphor or game plot, it also expresses the perception of images, metaphors, etc. poem. The movement of frames in video poetry is based either on the metric-rhythmic identity of the poem (and the melody that accompanies the reading of poetry) and the video sequence, or the dissonance between the verbal and nonverbal components. Genre features of video poetry can be described as a combination of kinetic images, sound, visual metaphors, the voice of the reader, melody, and others. Genre transformations of video poetry are defined through the creation through animation, feature film script, improvisational transformation, and interaction between different arts or the use of digital technology. It is determined that an important aspect of video poetry is the interaction of the author and the recipient. Watching video poetry, on the one hand, actualizes the associations (verbal and nonverbal) in the memory of the recipient, on the other – enhances the aesthetic experience of perception of the work. It gives a powerful aesthetic and emotional effect.
THE THEOLOGICAL VIEW OF THEODORE SKUMYNOVYCH ON THE REASONS OF DECAY OF THE ORTHODOX EAST IN THE WORK "PRZYCZYNY PORZUCENIA DISUNIEY PRZEZACNEMU NARODOWI RUSKIEMU PODANE" (1643)
Authors:   Shevchenko Institute of Literature, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tkachuk Ruslan
Published: July 2022

In the article it is researched the polemical work of former Father Superior of St. Michael cloister in Kyiv Theodore Skumynovych "Przyczyny porzucenia Disuniey przezacnemu narodowi ruskiemu podane" (1643); it is disclosed the view of the writer on the reasons of decay of the orthodox East, stated the used stylistic devices in book. In his work Theodore Skumynovych substantiated his thought that separation of the East church from Rome caused the decay of the countries, in which one took up the principal positions. Idealizing the age of unity of church, the writer contrastingly opposed the glorious Christian past of Syria and it's tragic present. Criticizing the Greek clergy for rejection to dialog of consolidation with Rome, the polemicist narrated about the horrible tragedy of Catholics, which happened in Constantinople in 1182 year. Theodore Skumynovych turned his eyes also on church's life of Egypt, Libya, Numidia, Germany, France, Hungary, Italy. The writer rated Ukraine to the same category of countries as England, Denmark, Sweden, to which Lord revealed His mercy and long suffering, because believed in their conversion to Catholicism. Explaining the reasons of spiritual regress of the countries of the Eastern Church, the polemicist concerned the tragic milestone of history of Ancient Rus. As the decay of Byzantine empire, the author analyzed the military and political troubles of Rus in the context of catholic conception of history, in which prosperity of the nations depended on the obedience to the authority of Pope. The flourishing of Ancient Rus, which took place at the times of the Kyiv prince Volodymyr and Yaroslav the wise, Theodore Skumynovych attributed with following of the Kyiv metropolitanate the lead of the Church of Rome. On the contrary, the spread of Michael Cerularius's schism in Rus provoked God's anger, which exhibited in fratricidal war, the occupation of its land by the Golden Horde and the Duchy of Lithuania.
PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL DYNAMICS OF RETROSPECTIVE NARRATION IN DINA NAYERI'S NOVEL REFUGE
Authors:   Kyiv National Linguistic University, Chernyshova Svitlana
Published: July 2022

Migration has come to play an increasingly significant role in the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century in politics, economics, geography, and culture. One of the main concepts of the migration literature is the concept of immigrant's identity. For an immigrant an ability to formulate a new identity goes through the process of embracing a sense of belonging to two or more cultures. It is important to consider that immigration and its depiction in the 21st fiction has gained new meaning. The convergence of migration and globalization has reshaped the understanding of immigrant's self. Conflicts between the native culture and the host one are transformed into dialogues. In the article we are referring to Amin Maalouf's idea about transnational or mixed identity. He argues for the multiple identities in contemporary societies. The same approach has been verbalized in the research of Carola Suárez-Orozco who proposes the concept of cosmopolitan identity which embraces the sense of belonging to a global culture of inclusion. Today the work of identity formation is to synthesize different cultures. The article sets out to explore the psycho-emotional dynamics in the retrospective narrative of Dina Nayeri's novel "Refuge". It is argued that the act of self-reflective retrospection entails a steady decrease in a temporal distance between the narrator and the narrated. In the act of remembering the past the narrator of the novel discloses not only the moments of resentment of her Iranian identity but comes to understanding that to move forward she needs to acknowledge her past. Psycho-emotional dynamics of her meetings with a father develops from the complete resentment to the recognition of her Iranian identity. The moral distance between the narrator and the narrated permitted by the temporal distance between the past and the present helps the main protagonist, Niloo, to understand her desire to distance herself from the Iranian past. She starts building her new identity after embracing her cultural heritage. It is concluded that immigrant's identity today is based on the productive dialogue between different cultures which are united in one traumatized body of an immigrant.
DIALECT PICTURE OF THE WORLD: INTERPRETATION OF MEASURE AND DEGREE
Authors:   I. Krypiakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yastremska Tetiana
Published: July 2022

The fragment of the dialectical worldview of Ukrainians (represented in the semantic opposition TOP / BOTTOM) was presented by using the onomasiological approach to the description of derivatives. The lexical and semantic features of one of the semantic subfield – the names of measure and degree, which are included in the semantic field "Abstract categories", were analyzed. Structural-semantic units were investigated on the basis of the nominative field of the concepts – base words верх, гора ("top"); низ, діл, під ("bottom") and their derivatives. The object was systematically presented on the supra-dialectal level, the features of the representation of different dialects of the Ukrainian language were found and the spatial variation was outlined. The thesis offers "superspatial" invariant model, as well as a "timeless" model for the reproducing the typology of semantic and structural changes. Accentuated on the importance of dialect material studying, since it is what helps to restore the fragments of linguistic worldview, not verbalized in the literary language or the ancient writings of a culture. The members of different ethnic groups have been modelling their linguistic worldviews for years and decades based on their way of cognition, representing environmental features, everyday life, traditions by using tools of their mother tongue, that is dialect. Lexical-semantic modelling is important not only for the analysis of the derivational and semantic processes but also for the representation of the cognitive space, the result of which is the modelling of the dialectical worldview. The problem of syncretism of parts of speech on the basis of adverbs and the preposition-noun constructions as (з)верхом, (без)верх, (з)горою, (з)гори has been updated (this is evidence of complexity and incompleteness of the adverbialization process). A lexicon of the different parts of speech was presented systematically, phonetic and grammar dialectal features were fixed, and the models of the structural-semantic attitudes were outlined. Graphic presentation by using schemas and tables – modelling of the synopsis – was used for the systematization and illustrating of the semantic material.
LEMKIAN DIALECTS: BEFORE AND AFTER
Authors:   I. Krypiakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yastremska Tetiana
Published: July 2022

[Hnatyuk M. V. North Lemkian Immigrants' Dialects: Phonological-Phonetic Features. A Thesis for a Candidate Degree in Philological Studies : 10.02.01 – Ukrainian Language. Lviv : Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. 286 р.]
Pharmacoeconomic study of the treatment of arterial hypertension in children and adolescents using cost-of-illness analysis
Authors: Mikhaylova O. S. , Krikova A. V.
Published: July 2022

Background. The cost-of-illness (COI) analysis allows to estimate and plan costs for calculations between the subjects of the health care system and medical insurance organizations. The primary morbidity of the population with diseases of the circulatory system increased from 4,784 thousand people in 2018 to 5,136 thousand in 2019. A growth in the number of cases resulted in an increase in the demand for drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Objective: to perform a pharmacoeconomic study of the treatment of arterial hypertension in children and adolescents by COI-analysis.

Material and methods. The source of information for COI-analysis was the real clinical practice – medical records of sick children and adolescents. A pharmacoeconomic study using COI-analysis was carried out at the inpatient and outpatient stages of care and included the calculation of direct medical costs (the costs of laboratory, instrumental medical services, non-drug and drug antihypertensive therapy). The study included 102 children diagnosed with arterial hypertension. The average stay of patients in the hospital was 10 (10.4±0.35) bed-days and treatment on an outpatient basis varied from 3 months to 1 year.

Results. The leading place in the structure of costs for antihypertensive therapy is occupied by the beta-blockers pharmacological group (35%). The total cost of arterial hypertension in children and adolescents in inpatient and outpatient settings was 4,459.00 and 29,638.90 rubles, respectively.

Conclusion. The COI-analysis of arterial hypertension confirms the need for timely diagnosis and treatment and preventive measures for high blood pressure in children and adolescents to reduce the development of risk factors for such serious cardiovascular complications as stroke and myocardial infarction in adulthood, the treatment of which requires large cash costs.
Experience of implementing a value-based approach in oncodermatology
Authors: Zuenkova Yu. A. , Kicha D. I. , Izyurov L. N.
Published: July 2022

Objective: implementation of value-based approach and development of adherence to treatment in patients with non-melanoma cancer.

Material and methods. The observational, single-arm, prospective, long-term single-center study of the quality of life and patients’ experience was performed. It included 42 patients aged from 42 to 82 years. Validated questionnaires were used: Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) (as a decision support tool), Patient-Reported Experience Measures (PREMs) (3 months after treatment to assess the patient's experience).

Results. Mean concern about appearance was 43.5 points (Rasch psychometric model). Younger patients (r=–0.398, p=0.009) and female patients (r=–0.475, p=0.001) were more concerned about appearance. In 10 cases (24%), the involvement was estimated as 4 points, in 18 cases (43%), it was 3 points, in 14 cases (33%), it was 2 points. Older patients were less involved in the choice of treatment method (r=–0633, p<0.001). The level of satisfaction with communications was more than 50 points. The use of a patient-oriented algorithm of communication has a positive effect on a patient's experience.

Conclusion. The heads of oncological care are recommended to evaluate the patient's experience on a regular basis, create conditions for patients to choose treatment methods according to their individual needs, analyze the outcomes obtained by the introduction of validated questionnaires on the appropriate nosological profile and take these results into account in treatment. Further studies of the degree of influence of different factors on a patient’s choice of treatment method are needed, as well as conducting studies among other groups of patients with non-melanoma skin cancer (located in other parts of the body, larger than 2 cm).
NATO’nun Savunma ve Caydırıcılık Çalışmaları ile İlgili Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Bıcer Savas
Published: July 2022

NATO’nun en son geliştirdiği Savunma ve Caydırıcılık Konsept Belgesi 1967 yılında Sovyetler Birliği ile potansiyel bir askerî çatışma hedef alınarak hazırlanmış ve uygulanmış, ancak Soğuk Savaşın sona ermesi ile İttifak bu kapsamdaki karşılık verme konseptini farklı alanlardaki istikrarsızlık olasılıklarına karşı askerî alanda süratle tepki gösterebilme olarak değiştirmiştir. İstikrarsızlık kaynağı olan konular ise terörizm, milliyetçilik, otoriter rejimler, etnik karşıtlıklar, bölgesel çatışmalar, ekonomik istikrarsızlık, doğal afetler ve iç savaşlar ile, Sovyetler Birliğinden sonra Rusya’da gerçekleşen reformlarda yaşanan geri dönüşler şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Günümüzde de istikrarsızlık farklı konularda yaygın olarak İttifak’ın güvenliğine risk oluşturmaya devam etmektedir. Yapılan değerlendirmelere göre 1990’ların başında bir İttifak üyesine ya da İttifak’ın tamamına stratejik ölçekte güvenlik tehdidi oluşturan iki istikrarsızlık kaynağı belirlenmiştir. Bunlar; Rusya ve terördür. Coğrafi bağlamda olduğu kadar hedeflerinde sebep oldukları etki ile, İttifakın güvenliğine yaratacakları muhtemel riskler ve uzun vadede devamlılık gösterme yetenekleri değerlendirildiğinde, bu iki istikrarsızlık formunun stratejik olduğu kabul edilmektedir. NATO’nun stratejik kapsamda ve 360 derecelik çevresindeki alanda oluşan bu güvenlik risklerine tedbir getirecek şekilde ve İttifak’ın üç temel görevi olan kolektif savunma, krizlere cevap verme güvenlik iş birliği konularının uygulanmasını da destekleyecek yeni bir Avrupa Atlantik Bölgesi Savunma ve Caydırıcılık Konsept Belgesine ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Bu makalede, NATO’nun değişen güvenlik ortamına uygun olarak güncellenmekte olan Savunma ve Caydırıcılık çalışmaları incelenecektir.
Bölgesel Liderlik Bağlamında Türk Dış Politikasının Jeopolitik Gerçeği: Türk Dünyası
Authors: Şahin Güngör , Argalı Medihanur
Published: July 2022

Uluslararası İlişkiler disiplininde küreselleşme ile birlikte bölgeselleşme ve bölgesel güçler üzerine de çalışmalar yoğunlaşmaktadır. Literatürde bölgesel güçlerin, bölgelerine nasıl ve ne kadar etki edebildiklerini inceleyen çalışmalar mevcuttur. Buna göre bir bölgesel güç; emperyal, hegemonya ya da liderlik stratejilerini kullanabilmektedir. Bu bağlamda bölgesel güç olan Türkiye’nin etki ve ilgi alanı Orta Doğu, Balkanlar ve Türk Dünyası’na kadar uzanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin jeopolitik gerçeğinin ve bölgesel güç olmasının anahtarının Türk Dünyası olduğu incelenmektedir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak kuramsal ve tarihsel bir inceleme yapılmıştır. Kuramsal çerçeve oluşturmak için Destradi’nin makalesinden yararlanılmış, Türk dış politikasının 2002 – 2016 yılları arasında Orta Doğu’da bölgesel hegemonya stratejisi uyguladığı, 2016 yılında ise Türk Dünyasına yöneldiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda Türkiye’nin eşitlikçi bir bölgesel lider olma yolunda ilerlediği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.