bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Art - An Analysis
Authors: Jain Sushma
Published: August 2020

The creation of beauty through expression or expression has been providing extreme satisfaction to mere human beings. Then whatever the medium, expression is the main objective of the artist, he also finds medium according to his purpose. This process continues from primitive to present. First of all, humans carved out the oblique lines on the stone slabs, then he used the colors of nature and animal fat as a medium and he used the colors transparent and opaque to show the diversity and sometimes he used the complementary and semi-complementary style. Somewhere, lines were drawn and some hands were imprinted, some places filled with color in the mouth for variety. Coming to ancient times, the art came free from the bumpy rock slabs and came to a smooth surface. At this time, lime, chalk, dung and fine gravel slurry, which was soaked in linseed water, were allowed to flourish to prepare the caves. After that, a quarter of an inch thick layer was put on the wall, then a white plaster coating of thickness equal to the egg peel was applied.

अभिव्यंजना अथवा भावाभिव्यक्ति द्वारा सौंदर्य सृजन मनुष्य मात्र को चरम संतुष्टि प्रदान करता रहा है। फिर उसका माध्यम कुछ भी हो अभिव्यक्ति ही कलाकार का मुख्य उद्देश्य रहता है वह अपने उद्देश्य के अनुरूप माध्यम भी खोज लेता है। यह प्रक्रिया आदिमकाल से लेकर वर्तमान तक अनवरत रूप से जारी है। सर्वप्रथम मानव ने पत्थरों से शिलापट्टों पर आड़ी तिरछी रेखाएँ उकेरी तत्पश्चात उसने प्रकृति प्रदत्त रंगों तथा जानवरों की चर्बी को माध्यम बनाया उसमें भी विविधता दर्शाने के लिए उसने रंगों को पारदर्शी तथा अपारदर्शी रूप में उपयोग किया कहीं पूरक तथा कहीं अर्द्ध पूरक शैली का प्रयोग किया । कहीं रेखाएँ खीची तथा कहीं हाथ से छापे लगाए कहीं कहीं विविधता के लिए मुंह में भरकर रंग फूंका। प्राचीन काल तक आते आते कला उबड़खाबड़ शिलापट्टों से मुक्त हो चिकनी सतह पर आ गई। इस समय गुफाओं की भित्ति तैयार करने के लिए चूना, खड़िया, गोबर तथा बारीक बजरी का गारा जिसे अलसी के पानी में भिगोकर फूलने दिया जाता था। तत्पश्चात् भित्ति पर इसकी पौन इंच मोटी तह लगाई जाती थी फिर उसपर अण्डे के छिलके के बराबर मोटाई का सफेद पलस्तर का लेप चढ़ाया जाता था ।
EFFECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL OWNERSHIP MANAGER ON JOB SATISFACTION AND ENTERPRENEUR BEHAVIOR
Authors: Prasetyo Budi , Napitupulu Lucia
Published: August 2020

Managerial entrepreneurial behavior is very important for corporate entrepreneurship, and there is still little research on anticeden and its determinants. Knowledge of the role of psychological conditions and individual work attitudes is still very little. Through empirical investigations on 120 managers in a manufacturing company in Indonesia, this study found that psychological ownership was positively related to entrepreneurial behavior and job satisfaction to managers. Further research found that job satisfaction is positively related to entrepreneurial behavior and mediates the relationship between psychological ownership and entrepreneurial behavior. This study contributes to the literature by showing the relationship between psychological ownership and pro-organizational behavior, extending psychological ownership research to the field of corporate entrepreneurship through managerial entrepreneurial behavior.
Development of Online Thematic Teaching Materials Based on High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Subtema of Wealth of Energy Sources in Indonesia
Authors: Andrajati Nur Hidayati , Anis Moh Badiul , Mahmudi Ali
Published: August 2020

This study aims to describe the actual field conditions regarding the use of existing thematic teaching materials, the need for the development of thematic teaching materials, to get the form of thematic teaching material development and to determine the effectiveness of developing HOTS-based thematic teaching materials on students' creative thinking abilities. The method of this research is Research and Development (R&D) with research subjects of class IV students at MIN 4 and MIN 7 districts of Magelang. The stages of R&D use the ADDIE development procedure. Data collection using interview and questionnaire techniques. The results of this study are as follows: 1) Field conditions have not yet been found on HOTS-based online thematic teaching materials, 2) HOTS-based online thematic teaching materials are needed by teachers in their learning, 3) Teaching materials that have been developed are suitable for testing in learning, 4) Results test the effectiveness of the use of thematic teaching materials with the Wilcocon test obtained a difference of 23.64 meaning an increase in pastest scores against pretest. Standard deviation 4.63 an increase in all students, obtained a value of Z = -5,185 and p-value = 0,000 t 4,788 then with these results it can be concluded that the development of HOTS-based online thematic teaching materials effectively increases the ability to think creatively.
Development of a Problem Based Learning Lab Worksheet on Chemical Material in The Life of 10th MIA Grade Senior High School
Authors: Tiring Sri Sulistyaningsih Natalia Daeng
Published: August 2020

This study aims to develop practical worksheets and find out the feasibility of  PBL lab workshaps with chemical material in life for student of 10th MIA Grade High School.  This research is classified as a development research subjects from Public Senior High School 2 Maumere and St. Gabriel Maumere High School. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation and questionnaire with instruments in the form of interview sheets, validation data analysis using Aiken Formula, while the feasibility analysis is based on the feasibility category which refers to a scale of 5. The result showed that PBL based lab worksheet were developed by modifying the 4-D model, namely define, design dan develop. Based on the calculation of a practicum Student Worksheet valid with a value of 0,93. Student Worksheet practicum is suitable for use based on the assessment of students and teachers. Assessment of students on an individual scale, small group and field respectively 82,60, 83,60 dan 83,43. Teacher ratings at individual, small group and field scale were 138,00, 139,00 and 139,50 respectively.
Evaluating efficacy of oral zinc as adjuvant therapy in acute diarrhea in children.
Authors: Maheshwari Nathumal , Noor Nadeem , Bashir Adnan , Hingorjo Bilawal , Ali Arshad , Tabassum Urooj
Published: August 2020

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of oral zinc as adjuvant therapy in acute diarrhea comparing frequency and volume of stool and duration of diarrhea in children. Study Design: Case Control study. Setting: Department of Paediatrics, Shaheed Muhtrama Benazir Bhutto Medical College Layari General Hospital, Karachi. Period: September 2017 to August 2018. Material & Methods: A sample of 200 children, age 5- 15 years, suffering from acute diarrhea was divided into control and cases (study group). Oral zinc therapy (20 mg once daily) was given 14 days and its efficacy was observed in terms of stool frequency, stool volume and duration of diarrhea. Variables were noted at 24 hours and 48 hours and on 7th day of hospitalization. Data was analyzed on SPSS statistical software (version 22.0) at 95% confidence interval (P≤ 0.05). Results: Mean ± SD age in control and study group was noted as 9.1± 5.43 years and 9.5±6.02 years respectively (P=0.053). 89% of children of study group were discharged on 3rd day of hospitalization compared to only 45% from control group.  Zinc treated study group shows significant decrease in frequency of loose stools, stool volume and lesser duration of hospital stay. Conclusion: Oral zinc therapy was effective in decreasing the frequency of loose stools and volume and lesser duration of hospital stay in children.
Comparative study of lactose and lactose free milk for acute diarrheal management in children upto 1 year of age.
Authors: Arshad Muhammad , Khan Ahmad Hassan , Mazhar Masood , Rana Nadir Ali , Ahmed Shoaib , Mubeen Amna , Chaudhury Faiqa , Akbar Farah Naz
Published: August 2020

Objectives: The objective of this particular research was to contrast mean duration of acute diarrhea in infants taking lactose free formula versus lactose-containing formula milk along with standard treatment. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Paediatric Medicine DHQ Teaching Hospital Sargodha. Period: 6 months from 29 October 2016 to 28 April 2017. Material & Methods: This study included 60 infants of both genders who were between 1month to 1 year of age and presented with acute diarrhea. These infants were separated into two groups. Infants in Group-A were given lactose-free formula milk while those in Group-B received lactose-containing formula milk. Outcome variable was mean duration of diarrhea which was compared between the two groups. Consent was taken in black and white from parents of each infant. Results: The average age of the infants was 7.2±3.1 months. Majority (n=41, 68.3%) of the infants were aged 6 months and above followed by 19 (31.7%) infants aged between 1-5 months. There were 29 (48.3%) male and 31 (51.7%) female infants with a female to male ratio of 1.1:1 the weight of infants ranged from 2.6 Kg to 11.9 Kg with a mean of 8.1±2.2 Kg. Both study groups were compared in terms of mean age (p-value=0.741), mean weight (p-value=0.932) and age (p-value=0.781), gender (p-value=0.438) and weight (p-value=0.573) groups distribution. The mean period of diarrhea was notably shorter in infants taking lactose-free milk (1.7±0.8 vs. 2.7±0.8 days; p<0.001) as compared to those receiving lactose-containing milk. Similar significant differences were observed across various subgroups based on patient’s age, gender and weight. Conclusion: Lactose-free formula milk reduces mean duration of diarrhoea significantly when compared to lactose-containing formula milk regardless of patient’s age, gender and weight which advocate its preferred use in future practice in infants presenting with acute diarrhea.
Awareness and adherence to blood borne infections among surgeons.
Authors: Sheikh Amtullah , Sadiq Sara , Usmani Fareya , Baig Salman
Published: August 2020

Objectives: The aim of current study is to document the awareness and how much health care personnel remain adherent to the precautionary measures against blood borne infections during surgical procedures in their respective fields. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Setting: Surgical and Allied Department of various Government and Private Hospitals of Karachi. Material & Methods: The questionnaire was self-designed and self-explanatory, having Cronbach’s-alpha score of 0.72. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 22. Result: Majority of female doctors 67.2%, were participated in the study while looking over the departments, 41% were from surgical department while 22.4% from gynae and obstetrics. Out of the 134 doctors 64.2% of the doctors had needle prick during some time in their career. Considering specifically the protective measures taken by doctors against BBI, about 23.9 % preferred only double gloving. Looking over the vaccination history, majority of the doctors about 97% had vaccinated themselves against Hepatitis B and 87.3% had also tested for HbsAg and Anti HCV. Following prick injury 54.5% of the doctors had their HbsAg antibody titer checked and 33% had the viral markers checked. Conclusion: Blood born infections are not very uncommon in surgical procedures. Current study concluded that doctors are not adopting the preventive measures including use of gowns, double gloves, protective eye-wear and safe handling of sharp instruments during surgery.
Haemovigilance: Role and importance of blood request forms in routine hospital practice.
Authors: Ghazanfer Sidra , Aziz Mona , Mahmood Hasan Osman , Rafi Sarah
Published: August 2020

Objectives: To assess the extent of Blood Request Forms (BRFs) usage in routine blood banking, at a major Hospital in Lahore. Study Design: Cross-sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex Blood Bank, Lahore. Period: 6 months (Sept 2016 to March 2017). Material & Methods: A total of 1052 BRFs dispatched from in-patient of Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore were selected. Patient’s MR number, date, demographic information, diagnosis, ward, history of transfusions, type of blood transfused, phlebotomist’s name etc., were analyzed. They were assessed and the results were produced in tabulated form as well as in graph. Results: Among the 1052 BRFs, “MR number” was filled in 99.4% (n=1046) forms, while 0.6% (n=6) were not filled. The column of “Date” was filled in 97% (n=1020) forms, while it was left blank in 3% (n=32) forms. Similarly, the column of “Age” was filled in 97.7% (n=1028) forms, whereas it was left empty in 2.3% (n=24) forms. Demographic information like “Patient’s Name” and “Gender” were filled in 100% forms. “Ward” was filled in 97.1% (n=1022) forms, while 2.9% (n=30) were unfilled. As far as “H/O previous transfusion(s)” column is concerned, 40.9% (n=430) forms were filled and 59.1% (n=622) were left unfilled. “H/O previous transfusion reaction(s)” column had almost the similar number with 37.6% (n=396) filled and 62.4% (n=656) left empty. The column of “Diagnosis” was filled in 22.4% (n=236) and was found unfilled in 77.6% (n=816). Moreover, the column of “Which type of component transfused” was filled in 96% (n=1010), while 4% (n=42) were unfilled. The column of “Amount of blood needed” was filled in 96.4% (n=1014) forms, while 3.6% (n=38) forms were unfilled. “When is the blood needed” column had only 29.3% (n=308) filled forms, whereas 70.7% (n=744) forms did not mention when the blood was needed. One of the most important columns is “Patient’s blood group”, which was filled in only 53.4% (n=562) forms, while 46.6% (n=490) forms were left empty. The column of “Name of phlebotomist” was filled in only 13.9% (n=146), while 86.1% (n=906) of the forms were found unfilled in this column. In total, our study revealed that among 1052 BRFs, only 6.8% (n=72) werecompletely filled, while 93.2% (n=980) were incompletely filled. Conclusion: Lack of awareness in BRF filling should be properly addressed to enhance efficiency and to reduce pre-analytical errors in healthcare setups. It is of utmost need that the clinicians and nurses should be made aware that BRFs play a pivotal role in smooth and error-free functioning of the healthcare setups.
Outcome of honey dressing on pain relief and re-epithelization of donor site wound of split thickness skin graft.
Authors: Mujahid Abdul Malik , Khalid Farrukh Aslam , Niazi Kashif Khan , Ahmed Hina Nabi , Yaseen Ghulam , Tarar Moazzam Nazeer
Published: August 2020

Objectives: To determine the frequency of pain relief and re-epithelization of the donor site wound of split thickness skin graft with the use of honey dressing. Study Design: Descriptive Case Series. Setting: Plastic Surgery Department, Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Centre Lahore. Period: From 1st January, 2019 to 30th November, 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 100 patients with healthy granulating wound were included in the study. All patients undergone operations under general anaesthesia by the same surgeon. The dressing was done by a layer of honey on gauze piece, wrapped around the donor wound site of split thickness skin graft. Patients were followed at the 7th post-operative day and outcome measures were noted. Pain was scored by the use of Visual analogue score (VAS) and re-epithelization was complete healing of the wound. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled with mean age of 33.11±9.72 years and there were 45% (45) females and 55% (55) male patients. Mean wound size was 7.70±1.83 cm2. At the 7th post-operative day follow up; pain relief was seen in 74% patients and re-epithelization was seen in 78% of patients. Both the outcome measures i.e. pain relief and re-epithelialization was effectively controlled with the use of honey dressing. Conclusion: Honey dressing is useful and effective on split thickness skin graft donor site in terms of pain relief and re-epithelization.
Evaluation of Supply Chain Management Performance at MSMEs using the SCOR Method
Authors: Ramadheena Felia Anjani , Zhafari Muhammad , Aini Qurrotul
Published: August 2020

The development of the industrial world that accelerates the growth of competition between businesses. It causes the need for activities or efforts to increase the selling power of the company or organization. One of them is by evaluating the level of performance in the supply chain at SME Tosuka Coffee. It is done to determine the level of current business conditions and to know what elements have good potential in business development and what components need to be improved. This evaluation uses the SCOR method in assessing supply chain performance. The assessment with SCOR is based on Tosuka's current condition. The results of this study state that the final value of the SCOR calculation yields a figure of 86.24, which means that Tosuka Coffee's business is at a good level, especially in the Plan process that receives the highest value with Responsiveness dimension and is followed by the Return process with the Reliability dimension. However, Tosuka Coffee is recommended to make performance improvements in the Make, Source, and Deliver processes because it produces a relatively low value. With the evaluation, it is expected that Tosuka Coffee can improve supply chain performance in the future.
Monitoring The Learning Process at SMK Kesatrian Through Kana Buso Application
Authors: Pratama Puja Kusuma Tyas , Prasetyo Muhamad Awiet Wiedanto
Published: August 2020

The research aims to produce applications that can analyze the quality of the questions, know the statistics of student grades, and determine the appropriateness of the items to be tested for the subjects of network system administration competence in Computer Network Engineering Class XI Vocational School Kesatrian. Research and development. The development model in this study uses the Analysis-Design-Development-Implementation-Evaluation (ADDIE) Model. With the stages of development, ranging from analysis, planning, development, implementation, and evaluation. The application is developed based on the website. This research resulted in the form of question items named Kana Buso Application, which is suitable as a medium for determining the quality of questions. This application is useful to make it easier for teachers to assess the quality of the items that will be given to students. Based on the test results, it can be concluded that the use of this application can also minimize student cheating in working on exam questions because the questions issued are random.
Designing Business Models through a Combination of BMC and UML Methods at Eiger Adventure Store Bandung
Authors: Diva Fadel , Priyadi Yudi
Published: August 2020

Eiger Adventure Store Bandung is a company that manufactures outdoor clothing and accessories. The problem with Eiger, related to the lack of activities to educate customers about the difference between original and counterfeit products. Referring to the problems in Eiger, the purpose of this study is to design a Business Model Canvas (BMC), design a business model using the Unified Model Language (UML), create a User Interface visualization through a MockupMockup. The research method used is qualitative through SWOT support. Referring to the BMC of this research, a new business model recommendation has been produced, namely QR Code Scan. This business model has been described through UML and is visualized with Mock-Up. The UML diagram involved, among them, is the Use Case Diagram, which consists of five actors, namely customers, employees, cashiers, admins, and warehouse employees. The actor interacts on four Use Cases, namely choosing a product, QR Code Scan, Database, and payment. The Class Diagram consists of five main classes: customers, employees, cashiers, admins, and warehouse employees. The process contained in the QR Code Scan is a solution to provide education to customers to be able to distinguish genuine or imitation products.
Information System for Selection of Production Line for Plastic Item Injection Machine Number A36 Using Priority Scheduling Method
Authors: Dani Chairudin Muchamad , Ginting Novita Br. , Fajri Hersanto
Published: August 2020

A PT. Astra Components Indonesia manufactures injection plastic goods to be sent to customers, in the production process the machines used are capable of producing several types of injection plastic goods, so that products can be provided regularly and there is a process of changing products or better known as the Dandory process. Found an obstacle that is an error in determining the order of dandory for production. Consequently, the condition of goods in the warehouse is irregular. It is detrimental to the company with the time, material and labour that has been expended for production so that an Information System is needed to determine the priority schedule for the replacement of injection plastic goods in this study taking the case at machine number A36. The system development uses the Waterfall method; the system description will be described by the Unified Modeling Language Modeling (UML) method. Data collection is done by observing directly observing production activities in the company as well as interviews with relevant parties, and for solving problems, the system will be assisted by Priority Scheduling method. The results of the research get an information system that will provide recommendations for items that will first be produced appropriately.
Enhancing The Ability of Elementary School Teachers in Designing Higher Order Thinking Skills (Hots) Categories of Natural Sciences Through Participatory Training
Authors: Rintayati Peduk , Syawaludin Ahmad , Istiyati Siti
Published: August 2020

The implementation of higher order thinking skills (HOTS) in science learning in elementary school is needed so that students get the stimulation to think critically and creatively through science experiment tasks. The tasks of teaching and learning activities need to be applied in the HOTS-oriented learning process by adjusting the characteristics of elementary students' thought development, curriculum, and adapted to the nature of science as a product, process, and scientific attitude. This study aims to improve the teacher's ability to design science learning in the HOTS category through the application of participatory training, consisting of the stages of analysis of the needs of the training participants, reviewing the material, designing the tasks of the science learning in the HOTS category collaboratively. Subjects were involved as many as 14 elementary school teachers in Laweyan Subdistrict, Surakarta City. The study design uses descriptive qualitative. Data collection used was a test of the ability to design science learning in elementary schools. The results showed that the ability of elementary school teachers to design science learning in the HOTS category after attending the training had a higher score than before participating in the participatory training.
Pengembangan Pedoman E-Modul Berorientasi Student Active Learning Sebagai Pendukung Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Kuncahyono  , Aini Dian Fitri Nur
Published: August 2020

This study aims to (1) produce a valid e-module guidelines for active student learning in elementary schools that are valid; (2) produce eligibility guidelines for student active learning oriented e-modules in Elementary Schools, and (3) produce practical student learning oriented e-module guidelines. This research uses ADDIE model development research design which consists of 5 levels, namely analysis, design, development, application, and evaluation. The results showed that the results of the validation trial of teaching materials experts and material experts, the average score obtained was 83.95 with valid criteria. The results of user trials (teachers and students) then the average score obtained is 3.5 very well / very practical
Pulse Wave Velocity Comparing Estimated and Direct Measures of Path Length in Older Women
Authors: Bognoni Ludovica , Cecelja Marina , Hussain Tarique , Greil Gerald , Spector Tim , Chowienczyk Philip , Cruickshank J. Kennedy
Published: August 2020

Background

Carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (cfPWV) is the gold-standard measure of arterial stiffness. Accuracy of non-invasive cfPWV as meters per second is impeded by surface estimates of aortic length. Our aim was to compare cfPWV measured using distance estimated from surface measurements with distance traced along the length of the aorta using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in a cohort of older women.

Methods

Seventy-four women were recruited from the TwinsUK cohort. cfPWV was measured using the SphygmoCor system (SphygmoCor-PWV). The path between carotid and femoral sites was estimated from surface measurements between the sternal notch and femoral artery applanation point. Aortic distance was measured with MRI to obtain MRI-PWV. cfPWV was recalculated using MRI obtained distance.

Results

Mean ± standard deviation SphygmoCor-PWV was 9.9 ± 2.1 m/s and MRI-PWV 7.63 ± 1.97 m/s (mean difference 2.2 ± 1.96 m/s, p < 0.001). Distances were considerably higher using surface measures for the SphygmoCor (55.2 ± 3.0, 95% confidence interval 54.4–55.9 cm) compared with MRI (39.9 ± 3.2, 39.2–40.7 cm) with a mean difference of 15.2 cm (14.3–16.2 cm, p < 0.001). Transit times were also marginally longer with the SphygmoCor. When SphygmoCor-PWV was Recalculated using MRI-obtained aortic distance (rec-PWV), the difference between SphygmoCor-PWV and rec-PWV reduced to 0.5 m/s (7.13 ± 1.46 vs. 7.63 ± 1.97 m/s, p = 0.08).

Conclusion

In these older women, the PWV difference between SphygmoCor and MRI is substantial but reduced when using MRI length estimates. Important differences between PWV measured by Sphygmocor and MRI are mainly due to accuracy of distance measurements, which may need re-addressing in guidelines.
Respon Pelaku Usaha Rumah Potong Ayam Terhadap Kewajiban Sertifikasi Halal
Authors: Anwar Moch. Khoirul
Published: August 2020

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 33 Tahun 2014 tentang jaminan produk halal telah diimplementasikan pada tanggal 17 Oktober 2019 bersifat mandatory atau bersifat wajib bagi pelaku usaha, baik pelaku usaha besar, menengah kecil dan mikro. Munculnya Undang-Undang tentang kewajiban halal tersebut menimbulkan berbagai respon positif maupun negatif dari para pelaku usaha, termasuk pelaku usaha Rumah Potong Ayam (RPA). Jenis penelitian yang akan dilaksanakan ini adalah penelitian lapangan (Field Research). Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah pelaku usaha RPA, LPPOM MUI, dan Dinas Peternakan di provinsi jawa timur. Hasil penelitian ini dilihat dari berbagai aspek kognitif, afektif, dan konatif atau psikomotorik dari pelaku RPA yang memiliki skala usaha berbeda-berda.
Pengujian Freies Ermessen Atas Legislasi Semu Kepala Daerah
Authors: Asyikin Nehru
Published: August 2020

Kebebasan membuat peraturan atau freies ermessen melalui Legislasi semu (aturan kebijakan tersebut) merupakan doktrin dalam hukum tata pemerintahan yang dikeluarkan eksekutif baik di pusat atau di daerah, namun beberapa legislasi semu berupa Surat Edaran Kepala Daerah yang menuai polemik di antaranya Surat Edaran Nomor 180/8883/2019 dan Surat Edaran Nomor 450/1/2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa Kepala daerah diberikan hak konstitusional untuk menetapkan peraturan kebijakan, kepala daerah diberikan hak untuk membuat aturan bagi wilayah administratifnya berupa Surat Edaran (SE), Petunjuk Pelaksana Petunjuk Operasional atau Petunjuuk Teknis, Instruksi, Pengumuman. pengujian dapat dilakuakn dengan menggunakan asas-asas umum pemerintah yang layak yang dilakukan oleh peradilan tata usaha negara Sedangkan unsur yang diuji adalah dengan diuji dengan asas rasionalitas atau kepantasan dan secara isi substansi bertentangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Sedangkan peraturan kebijakan tidak memuat sanksi berupa sanksi pidana, sanksi pemaksa, hal ini karena peraturan kebijakan tidak memuat sanksi tersebut karena sanksi tersebut hanya boleh di muat dalam undang-undang dan peraturan daerah (Perda). Peraturan kebijkana boleh mencantumkan sanksi dalam isi substansinya hanya sebatas sanksi administratif.
Evolução histórica da gestão de riscos e desastres às inundações em União da Vitória, Estado do Paraná
Authors: Ferentz Larissa Maria da Silva , Garcias Carlos Mello
Published: August 2020

Os impactos negativos resultantes de desastres nas cidades tem sido uma das maiores problemáticas enfrentadas pelos gestores locais. Por isto, eles têm incorporado a gestão de riscos e desastres em suas atividades, a fim de praticar a prevenção, mitigação, preparação, resposta e recuperação em suas áreas setoriais. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a evolução histórica da gestão de riscos e desastres de União da Vitória, no estado do Paraná. O método, pesquisa bibliográfica, teve análise de planos, legislações e entrevistas. Os resultados foram organizados para abranger o antes e depois das 3 grandes inundações do município: 1983, 1992 e 2014. Com a ocorrência do evento de 1983, o município foi altamente impactado, sendo até hoje a maior mancha de inundação que atingiu a cidade. No entanto, não se acreditava que isto acontecesse novamente, e em menos de 10 anos depois, uma nova inundação atingiu União da Vitória. Percebe-se que esta nova ocorrência, voltou o olhar de diversas empresas e pesquisadores para tentar solucionar o problema do município. Dentre as medidas adotadas, está a criação do Parque Ambiental, o qual realocou centenas de famílias que viviam no entorno do Rio Iguaçu. Esta medida, auxiliou os gestores locais na inundação de 2014, onde foi observado que o histórico de inundações fortificou a população ao longo do tempo quanto a resposta e recuperação destes eventos. Além disto, ressalta-se a importância de conhecer a história local perante as principais inundações, para então compreender quão resiliente a desastres União da Vitória é atualmente.
A necessidade de reforma do pacto federativo brasileiro: uma análise da PEC 188/2019 que extingue municípios
Authors: Camargo Daniela Arguilar , Hermany Ricardo
Published: August 2020

O debate sobre a conceituação e significado do federalismo remonta ao final do século XVIII. As circunstâncias peculiares que cercaram a mudança de confederação para federação nos Estados Unidos da América nos anos 1781 a 1789 moldaram a natureza do debate intelectual, de modo que se obteve uma das maiores inovações históricas para o governo e a política. Essa forma de estado possui dois modos de manifestação: o competitivo – típico estadunidense; e cooperativo – típico alemão. No Brasil o modelo adotado na Constituição de 1988 foi o cooperativo, contudo devido a centralização da arrecadação financeira por parte da União e a descentralização de competências para os governos locais, a estrutura federal tornou-se predatória. Com o intuito de frear esse modelo, o governo federal enviou ao Congresso Nacional a PEC 188/2019. Por meio da utilização do método dedutivo e hermenêutico busca-se responder a problemática de pesquisa: a PEC 188/2019 que dentre outras propostas, extingue pequenos municípios, causa uma reformulação do federalismo brasileiro deixando-o mais cooperativo ou acarreta uma estagnação evidenciando um federalismo predatório? A estrutura parte da análise da forma do estado federa, para posteriormente observar a manifestação do modelo cooperativo e ao final verificar a PEC 188/2019 quanto a extinção de pequenos municípios.
Educação Ambiental no ensino de Química: o lixo eletrônico como abordagem temática
Authors: Magrin Camila Pesenato , Zanotto Caroline , Fioresi Cláudia Almeida
Published: August 2020

Trabalhar a temática “Lixo Eletrônico” no ensino de Química visa, a médio e longo prazo, formar cidadãos mais conscientes e, disseminadores dos conhecimentos aprendidos em sala de aula para a sociedade. Além disso, através da utilização de metodologias de ensino diversificadas, busca-se tornar a aula de Química mais interessante para os estudantes. Neste caso, escolhemos realizar uma abordagem temática, com base no “Educar pela Pesquisa”, por meio da realização de uma Sequência Didática composta por cinco etapas complementares. Diversos recursos didáticos foram utilizados, como audiovisuais, artísticos, textuais e laboratoriais, além de uma visita técnica. O feedback dos estudantes foi muito positivo, em virtude das atividades diferenciadas. Por outro lado, ao final da sequência, ainda foi possível presenciar atitudes inconscientes em relação a temática trabalhada, ou seja, o lixo que produzem e descartam. Isso ressalta que mais esforços podem ser dispendidos em prol da efetiva conscientização dos indivíduos.
A versenyek szerepe az algoritmikus gondolkodás fejlesztésében, az Országos Méh-Ész Logikai Verseny bemutatása
Authors: Kiss András
Published: August 2020

Az algoritmikus gondolkodás fejlesztése különböző színtereken és különböző eszközök segítségével valósulhat meg, az egyik lehetséges forma a témához kapcsolódó versenyeken való részvétel. Ezek az alkalmak lehetőséget biztosítanak a résztvevők tudásának összemérésére, önismeretük fejlesztésére és nem utolsó sorban élményt és kihívást jelentenek a számukra. Tanulmányomban egy, a 2017/2018-as tanévben útjára indult kezdeményezést, az Országos Méh-Ész Logikai Versenyt és az ehhez kapcsolódó kiegészítő tevékenységeket mutatom be. Megismerhetjük a verseny létrejöttének előzményeit, bepillantást nyerhetünk a szervezés és megvalósítás folyamatába, nehézségeibe. Bemutatásra kerülnek a megrendezés két éve során elért sikerek a résztvevők számának és a versennyel kapcsolatos visszajelzések tükrében. A megvalósítás során szerzett tapasztalatok közül kiemelt figyelmet szentelek az egyik legnagyobb veszélyforrásnak, a nagymértékű lemorzsolódásnak és az ennek elkerülése érdekében tett lépéseknek.
IKT-eszközök használata óvodás korban – Egy kérdőív nyílt tételeinek kódolása EKOD-makrócsomaggal
Authors: B. Németh Mária , Juhász Fruzsina , Hódi Ágnes , Tóth Edit
Published: August 2020

A pedagógiai szituációk vizsgálatakor bizonyos esetekben elkerülhetetlen, hogy írásbeli kikérdezéskor nyílt végű tételeket alkalmazzunk. Bár azok sokkal több információt szolgáltathatnak egy adott kutatási problémáról, mint a zártvégű kérdések, használatuk gyakran háttérbe szorul az adatfeldolgozás nehézsége, összetettsége, idő- és munkaigénye, valamint az ahhoz szükséges szakértelem hiánya miatt. Jelen munkában közölt, általunk készített, Excel-makróval (EKOD) ennek a munkának egy kulcselemét, a kódolást, kategorizálást kívánjuk megkönnyíteni. A tanulmány célja, hogy elemezhetővé tegye az óvodáskorúak IKT-eszközhasználatának feltárására irányuló kutatás meghatározó témakörének, egyik nyílt végű kérdését, a szülők óvodáskorú gyermekeik IKT-használatának hatásáról alkotott véleményét. Munkánkban összefoglaljuk a kódolás metodikai kérdéseit, az adatelemzésben használt megalapozott elméletet, áttekintjük a kvalitatív elemzésre alkalmas szoftvereket. Részletesen bemutatjuk az „IKT eszközök használata óvodáskorban” kérdőív egy nyílt kérdésének elemzésén keresztül az EKOD-ot és annak használatát az adatjelölő kulcskomponensek keresésében, valamint az alapkategóriák felállításában. Munkánk segítheti az óvodapedagógusok kvalitatív vizsgálatait, s ezzel hozzájárulhat különböző jelenségek megértéséhez, illetve az óvodáskorú gyermekek fejlesztéséhez. Ugyanakkor tanulmányunk és az abban közölt program univerzálisan használható más társadalomtudományi kvalitatív kutatásokban.
A zeneoktatásunk kihívásai és nehézségei általános iskolai és gimnáziumi énektanárok nézetei alapján
Authors: Pintér Tünde Kornélia
Published: August 2020

Jelen tanulmány célja, hogy meghatározza az iskolai zeneoktatás kihívásait és nehézségeit. 15 zene- és nem zenetagozatos osztályban tanító énektanárral készítettünk interjút. Az eredmények azt mutatták, hogy az ének-zene tantárgy oktatását a megkérdezett tanárok véleménye szerint számos tényező megnehezíti: (1) az időintervallum és a tananyag aránytalansága, (2) a tanulók énekórákhoz fűződő közömbös hozzáállása, (3) a diákok zenei tudásának hiányosságai, valamint (4) az énekléshez fűződő negatív attitűdje és alacsony zenei önbecsülése, (5) a diák és a tanár közötti generációs különbségek, (6) a pozitív visszajelzések hiánya a tanár számára, illetve (7) a taneszközök és a tantermek felszereltségének hiányosságai. Mindemellett az eredmények megmutatták, hogy a zeneoktatás alapját képező Kodály-módszer kizárólag a zenetagozatos osztályokban tud érvényesülni, ugyanakkor számos esetben ezekben az osztályokban is hanyatló tendenciát mutat a Kodály törekvésein alapuló zenetagozatos ének-zene oktatás helyzete és presztízse.
Intraoperative mapping of executive function using electrocorticography for patients with low-grade gliomas
Authors: Erez Yaara , Assem Moataz , Coelho Pedro , Romero-Garcia Rafael , Owen Mallory , McDonald Alexa , Woodberry Emma , Morris Robert C , Price Stephen J , Suckling John , Duncan John , Hart Michael , Santarius Thomas
Published: August 2020

Background: Intraoperative functional mapping with direct electrical stimulation during awake surgery for patients with diffuse low-grade glioma has been used in recent years to optimize the balance between surgical resection and quality of life following surgery. Mapping of executive functions is particularly challenging because their complex nature, with only a handful of reports so far. Here, we propose recording of neural activity directly from the surface of the brain using electrocorticography to map executive functions and demonstrate its feasibility and potential utility.Methods: To track a neural signature of executive function, we recorded neural activity using electrocorticography during awake surgery from the frontal cortex of three patients judged to have an appearance of diffuse low-grade glioma. Based on existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) evidence from healthy participants for the recruitment of areas associated with executive function with increased task demands, we employed a task difficulty manipulation in two counting tasks performed intraoperatively. Following surgery, the data were extracted and analyzed offline to identify increases in broadband high-gamma power with increased task difficulty, equivalent to fMRI findings, as a signature of activity related to executive function.Results: All three patients performed the tasks well. Data were recorded from five electrode strips, resulting in data from 15 channels overall. 73.3% of the channels (11/15) showed significant increases in high-gamma power with increased task difficulty, 26.6% channels (4/15) showed no change in power, and none of the channels showed power decrease. High-gamma power increases with increased task difficulty were more likely in areas that are within the canonical frontoparietal network template.Conclusions: These results are the first step towards developing electrocorticography as a tool for mapping of executive function complementarily to direct electrical stimulation to guide resection. Further studies and clinical trials are required to establish this approach for clinical use.
Androgenic Morality? Associations of sex, oral contraceptive use and basal testosterone levels with moral decision making
Authors: Armbruster Diana , Kirschbaum Clemens , Strobel Alexander
Published: August 2020

Since previous studies have reported stronger utilitarian tendencies in men, the relationship between testosterone and moral judgments has gained interest. Utilitarian judgements focus on the consequences of actions in terms of a cost-benefit analysis while deontological judgements are based on rules that are independent of an action’s outcome or of situational features. We investigated decisions in moral dilemma situations in N = 157 young adults using a process dissociation approach to allow an independent estimate of underlying utilitarianism and deontology. Significant effects of sex (p = .009) and use of oral contraceptives (p = .011) on utilitarianism were found with the highest levels in men and the lowest in free cycling women while oral contraceptive users fell in between. Furthermore, there were correlations of salivary testosterone with utilitarianism in free cycling women (r = .303) and with deontology in men (r = -.263) while no significant associations between testosterone and moral choices were found in oral contraceptive users. The findings underscore the role of testosterone in moral judgements but also point to specific associations depending on sex and oral contraceptive use.
You cannot accurately estimate an individual’s loss aversion using an accept-reject task
Authors: Walasek Lukasz , Stewart Neil
Published: August 2020

Prospect theory's loss aversion is often measured in the accept-reject task, in which participants accept or reject the chance of playing a series of gambles. The gambles are two-branch 50/50 gambles with varying gain and loss amounts (e.g., 50% chance of winning $20 and a 50% chance of losing $10). Prospect theory quantifies loss aversion by scaling losses up by a parameter λ. Here we show that λ suffers from extremely poor parameter recoverability in the accept-reject task. λ cannot be reliably estimated even for a simple version of prospect theory with linear probability weighting and value functions. λ cannot be reliably estimated even in impractically large experiments with participants subject to thousands of choices. The poor recoverability is driven by a trade-off between λ and the other model parameters. However, a measure derived from these parameters is extremely well recovered—and corresponds to estimating the area of gain-loss space in which people accept gambles. This area is equivalent to the number of gambles accepted in a given choice set. That is, simply counting accept decisions is extremely reliably recovered—but using prospect theory to make further use of exactly which gambles were accepted and which were rejected does not work.
A method for tracking centre of mass displacement during non-seated cycling using an inertial sensor
Authors: Wilkinson Ross D. , Lichtwark Glen A.
Published: August 2020

Instantaneous crank power does not equal total joint power if a rider's centre of mass (CoM) gains and loses mechanical energy. Thus, estimating CoM motion and the associated energy changes can provide valuable information about cycling performance. To date, an accurate and precise method for tracking CoM motion during outdoor cycling has not been validated. \textbf{Purpose:} To assess the suitability of an inertial measurement unit (IMU) for tracking CoM motion during non-seated cycling by comparing vertical displacement derived from an inertial sensor mounted to the lower back of the rider to an attached marker cluster and to a kinematic estimate of vertical CoM displacement from a full-body musculoskeletal model (Model). \textbf{Methods:} IMU and motion capture data were collected synchronously for 10 seconds while participants ($n=7$) cycled on an ergometer in a non-seated posture at three power outputs and two cadences. A limits of agreement analysis, corrected for repeated measures, was performed on the range of vertical displacement between the IMU and the two other measures. A total of 303 crank cycles were analysed. \textbf{Results:} The IMU measured vertical displacement of the marker cluster with high accuracy (1.6 mm) and precision (3.5 mm) but substantially overestimated the kinematic estimate of rider CoM displacement. \textbf{Conclusion:} We interpret these findings as evidence that a single IMU placed on the lower back is unsuitable for tracking rider CoM displacement during non-seated cycling if the linearly increasing overestimation is unaccounted for.
Implementing Hidden Markov Model to Predict Foreign Exchange Movement
Authors: Himawan Tri Swasono , Indriyani Tutuk , Rahmawati Weny Mistarika
Published: August 2020

Investment refers to personal bussiness. So many people have got profit from investment both real and non real sectors. Foreign Exchange (FOREX) is the example of non real sector. The currency fluctuation of FOREX usually occurs and this causes many investors fooled by the pattern of currency fluctuation. Finally, they get lost and even lost capital. Hidden Markov Model was implemented in this research to predict the movement of FOREX of 8 currencies. The data were trained by Baum-Welch algorithm and predicted by Forward algorithm. The trial obtained the average MAPE (Mean Absolute Precentage Error) of 8 currencies which was relatively small (0.0038082% belongs to high and 0.0040706% belongs to low), less than 1%. The currency of USD/IDR has the smallest error score among the other tested currencies. Its average MAPE was 0.0032624% and the average deviation was 42. Thus, this system is well proven to predict the movement of currency.
IMPLEMENTING LOAD BALANCING BY MODIFIED WEIGHTED ROUND ROBIN-RETRIEVE PACKET ALGORITHM ON THE SOFTWARE-DEFINED NETWORKING
Authors: ABIDIN ZAINAL , Indriyani Tutuk , Sulaksono Danang Haryo
Published: August 2020

Clientâ€™s request for traffic problems is so huge that causes the single server difficult in handling the traffic load. Therefore, the system of load balancing is required as it is a technique to equally distribute the traffic load on the two or more connection lines so that the traffic can run optimally. Thus, the load balancing is crucial to implement by using Modified Weighted Round Robin-Retrieve Packet on the Software-Defined Networking. Based on the parameter of average response-time in time limits 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 seconds, the scores were 0.016-0.04, 0.02-0.04, and 0.014-0.032 seconds consecutively. Based on the parameter of data transaction per second in time limits 0.1; 0.2, and 0.3 seconds, the scores respectively were 49.614-111.306, 41.678-107.032, and 37.806-102.84 data transaction/second.Â
Algoritma Steganografi untuk Pengamanan Data Teks ke dalam Citra Digital Menggunakan XOR Sederhana
Authors: Kurniawan Muchamad , Agustini Siti
Published: August 2020

Kerahasiaan data atau informasi merupakan hal yang sangat penting untuk dijaga dari seseorang yang tidak berhak atas data tersebut. Salah satu solusi untuk pengamann data adalah dengan steganografi. Steganografi merupakan ilmu untuk penyisipan informasi rahasia ke dalam pesan yang lain. Pada penelitian ini, konsep steganografi menggunakan pesan teks yang disembunyikan ke dalam suatu citra digital. Citra yang digunakan adalah citra dalam bentuk grayscale. Penelitian dilakukan sebanyak 5 kali dengan ukuran pesan teks yang berbeda-beda. Hasilnya, system steganografi berjalan dengan baik dimana semua pesan teks dapat dienkripsi dan didekripsi kembali. Running time akan semakin tinggi ketika ukuran pesan teks semakin besar dan begitu juga dengan nilai entropy sehingga tingkat keamanan dari proses steganografi ini semakin tinggi. Kata Kunci: Steganografi, XOR, running time, entropy.
Penipuan Sebagai Hasil Manipulasi Dunia Maya di Indonesia
Authors: Nafi Abdul Azizun , Tsabit Naufal , Rakhmawati Nur Aini , Zulaikhah Regita Ayu Cahyani , Nadhifa Ufaira Khanzahasna Nanfaiq
Published: August 2020

The presence of social media provides a lot of information, ranging from the ease of exchanging messages and information, to users who want to publish their work in order to be acknowledged by people, eliminate restrictions and can expand interchangeable discourse. Ideally, interactions that occur between individuals are based on individuals against other individuals because each one will not involve anything harmful. Through research conducted in the context of social media, it is hoped that people will have a more comprehensive understanding of social media in their lives and how to be decent. This study aims to find out how situations can be carried out in social interactions in society that use social media.