bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indigenous Knowledge and Practices in the Management of Sickle Cell Anaemia among the Yorùbá in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Olufemi Lawal Musediq
Published: June 2019

This study is an ethnological and anthropological appreciation of indigenous approach in the management of Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) among the Yorùbá in Southwestern Nigeria. I adopted qualitative methods (oral interview, key informant investigation) to source for primary data from the respondents. Convenience, purposive and snowball sampling methods were utilized in the selection of the study settings and the population. At the end, 44 respondents were sampled. The study population included the herbalists, Christian and Islamic Clergies, primary caregivers to the people living with SCA. Data collected were analysed using open code software package and ethnographic summaries. Important quotations from respondents during IDI and KII sessions were reported verbatim for further illustration of issues under focus. The findings demonstrated the ingenuity of Africans in using ethnomedical and spiritual healings to overcome the seemingly unending crises and accompanied excruciating pains in this disorder. Steps toward the usage started with interpretation of SCA which was heavily influenced by interpersonal relationship. Choices of treatment facilities were made out of available options. Occasionally, healing methods were combined in line with environmental dictates. Such combination included home remedies and hospital care. Traditional medicine and faith-based healing were most favoured by those who utilized more than one healthcare source. Herbal therapies, faith-based care, divination and home remedies received better patronage in the rural area. Continuous usage and perceived efficacy of these approaches therefore shows that the people have adequate knowledge of Sickle Cell Anaemia and a need for further appreciation of folkway in healing process.
“Both Man and Woman”: The Third Sex/Gender Role in Roma Community in Skopje
Authors: Crvenkovska Risteska Ines
Published: June 2019

“Women” (buljàshi) play a third gender role in the Roma community in Skopje, Macedonia. Their important role, “both man and woman”, in the Roma community is realized through economic, social, and ritual community of close “sisters”. Within the Roma family rituals, in the life cycle rituals of the men and women community members, they take a significant ritual - magic function. They are “mediators” between the divine and the community.
LIST AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAIN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
Authors: Kononova Oleksandra , Prymush Yuliia
Published: July 2019

There is widespread the agreement among scientists that development is a multidimensional phenomenon, with economic, political, and social aspects, and that the different dimensions of development are interconnected with one another in complex ways. The fact that these different dimensions exert causal influences on one another would suggest that policymakers, dealing with issues of national development need to integrate economic, political, and social approaches, and to think strategically about how to achieve their goals. Strategic thinking implies prioritization and sequencing, seeking to do first that is necessary or helpful to achieve later goals. A strategy begins by defining a clear objective, and then assesses constraints that prevent the achievement of this objective. Strategic thinking looks at alternative pathways that get around those constraints; if this is not possible, it requires the redirection of energies to other goals that are more realistically achievable [1, 2]. In the current conditions, one of the decisive aspects of the functioning of economic systems (enterprises, industries, economics) is the choice of the areas of development, designed and substantiated at the strategic level within the framework of a certain management entity. The need for the most appropriate and optimal choice of development strategies is actualized through the continuous influence of the environment, which is undergoing more rapid changes in the 21 century, has rather complex manifestations, associated with new globalization, information and communication challenges. The scientific novelty of the proposed approach is that we take into account the best scientific interpretations regarding this issue, universalize the provisions of contemporary scientific thought in the definite aspect of the study, point out the innovative areas characteristic of the practice of the entities activity in the industry.
Further evidence of the Diagnostic Utility of the Child Behavior Checklist for identifying pediatric Bipolar I Disorder
Authors: Yule Amy , Fitzgerald Maura , Wilens Timothy , Wozniak Janet , Yvonne Woodworth K. , Pulli Alexa , Uchida Mai , Faraone Stephen V. , Biederman Joseph
Published: July 2019

Background: Pediatric bipolar (BP) disorder is a prevalent and highly morbid disorder. While structured diagnostic interviews have been developed to aid in the diagnosis of pediatric BP disorder, these tools are lengthy, costly and not widely available. One possible diagnostic aid is the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).

Objective: To assess the diagnostic utility of the CBCL-BP profile to identify children with a diagnosis of BP-I disorder.

Method: Subjects were derived from four independent data sets of children and adolescents with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and BP-I. Subjects were recruited from pediatric and psychiatric clinics and the community. All subjects had structured clinical interviews with raters blinded to subject ascertainment status. We used an empirically derived profile from the CBCL consisting of an aggregate t-score from the Attention, Anxiety/Depression and Aggression subscales (CBCL-BP profile) to operationalize the presence or absence of BP symptoms. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to examine the ability of the CBCL-BP profile to identify children with and without a structured interview diagnosis of BP-I disorder.

Results: The sample consisted of 661 subjects (mean age: 11.7 ± 3.3 years, 57% male and 94% Caucasian). In total, 20 percent of participants (n = 130) met structured interview criteria for a full diagnosis of BP-I disorder. The ROC analysis of the CBCL-BP profile yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.91. A t-score of ≥ 195 on the CBCL-BP profile correctly classified 86% of subjects with BP-I disorder with 80% sensitivity, 87% specificity, 61% positive predictive value (PPV) and 95% negative predictive value (NPV).

Conclusion: The CBCL-BP profile efficiently discriminated pediatric subjects with and without a structured interview diagnosis of BP-I disorder. Findings suggest that the CBCL-BP profile may be an efficient tool to help identify children who are very likely to suffer from BP-I disorder.
DEPRESI PASCA SKIZOFRENIA
Authors: Sooai Christiane Marlene
Published: July 2019

Gangguan jiwa merupakan masalah kesehatan yang menglobal,

berdasarkan data WHO pada tahun 2013, terdapat 450 juta orang yang

mengalami gangguan jiwa atau setidaknya 1 dari 4 orang di dunia mengalami

masalah mental dan masalah kesehatan jiwa. Menurut sumber yang sama,

Skizofrenia merupakan salah satu bentuk gangguan jiwa berat yang dialami 21

juta orang diseluruh dunia. Psikosis, termasuk skizofrenia dengan karakteristik

gangguan pada pola berpikir, persepsi, emosi, bahasa, serta kesadaran diri dan

tingkah laku. Gejala psikotik yang biasa ditemukan adalah halusinasi

pendengaran, penglihatan, dan delusi.
Post Bioremediation Effect on Soil Fertility using Substrate from Livestock Byproduct
Authors: Ekenwosu Joseph Ugochukwu
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine data obtained from soil physicochemical properties before and after initiation of bioremediation using liquid manure as a nutrient source. Bioremediation was initiated by stimulating autochthonous microorganisms present in soil rhizosphere while remediation was determined by soil physicochemical status after nutrient amendment. Rhizomes of turmeric were planted in soil treated with liquid manure and control in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data generated from soil physicochemical parameters both in the laboratory and field were analyzed before and after treatment/cultivation. The study showed that treated soil increased total nitrogen, organic matter, organic carbon, exchangeable potassium, cation exchange capacity (CEC), calcium and exchangeable phosphorus. On the other hand, it decreased soil acidity, pH and exchangeable aluminium. There were no observable differences in magnesium concentration. Soil texture had more sand and a corresponding decline in silt and clay. Findings in this study revealed that soil that benefitted from treatment option is statistically significant at 0.05 p-level.
O ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE EM QUÍMICA: QUEIXAS QUE PERSISTEM E CAMINHOS QUE PODERÍAMOS TRILHAR
Authors: Da Silveira Junior Celio , Da Silva Nilma Soares
Published: June 2019

O estágio curricular supervisionado é etapa importante na formação de professores e não faltam pesquisas que apontem os nós que o cercam e que sugiram possíveis caminhos para desatá-los. Utilizando o processo metodológico da análise textual discursiva, este trabalho categoriza as queixas e insatisfações manifestadas por licenciandos de Química após o desenvolvimento de seus estágios supervisionados. Em seguida, revisita parte da literatura da área para buscar subsídios que ajudem a entender as razões da persistência de manifestações dessa natureza entre os futuros professores e para delinear ações que possam enfrenta-las mais efetivamente. Conclui-se que esse quadro é motivado por razões de ordens conceitual e epistemológica, e que a sua superação passa pela reorientação dos pensares e agires não só dos professores orientadores de estágio, mas também dos supervisores, dos demais professores do curso de licenciatura, dos licenciandos, e das instituições de ensino envolvidas.
APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA CONCEITUAL, PROCEDIMENTAL E ATITUDINAL: UMA RELEITURA DA TEORIA AUSUBELIANA
Authors: Frasson Fernanda , Laburú Carlos Eduardo , Zompero Andréia De Freitas
Published: June 2019

Este estudo teórico faz uma releitura da Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa de modo a compô-la com o modelo teórico dos Conteúdos de Aprendizagem conceitual, procedimental e atitudinal. O objetivo é avançar na proposta de integração entre tais eixos teóricos, tendo em vista a necessidade de uma atuação escolar que favoreça a formação acadêmica de competências procedimentais e atitudinais, além das conceituais, nos aprendizes. Segundo nossa análise, os pressupostos da Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa podem ser extrapolados para mais de um ensino que privilegie a aprendizagem conceitual. Sob esse viés, a aprendizagem significativa de conceitos, procedimentos e atitudes deve ser complementar, o que permite ao aprendiz a compreensão global do ensinado. Com as elaborações teóricas postas, pretende-se colaborar para avançar as reflexões da área de ensino e aprendizagem, ao mesmo tempo em que se faz reconhecer um campo de estudos tendo como base os referenciais teóricos abordados.
NARRATIVAS DE ESTUDANTES DE COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS COMO POSSIBILIDADES PARA O DIÁLOGO INTERCULTURAL NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Baptista Geilsa Costa Santos , Silva Dirlane Gomes e , Robles-Piñeros Jairo
Published: June 2019

Apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa que teve por objetivo identificar quais são as possibilidades de diálogo intercultural na educação científica em biologia a partir de narrativas criadas em linguagem verbal e não verbal por estudantes pertencentes às comunidades tradicionais. O estudo, teve natureza qualitativa, com análise de conteúdo das narrativas de 35 estudantes agricultores do Nível Médio em uma escola pública do município de Feira de Santana, Bahia. As análises dos conteúdos dessas narrativas indicam possibilidades de diálogos entre os conhecimentos tradicionais agrícolas e os científicos com os seguintes conteúdos: interações dos seres humanos com os demais seres vivos; relações ecológicas; aspectos morfológicos dos vegetais; insetos de importância agrícola; o uso de agrotóxicos, e saúde dos agricultores; bioacumulação. Conclui-se que é importante a realização de atividades de ensino envolvendo narrativas dos estudantes, pois facilita a exposição de conhecimentos, a prática pedagógica dialógica e a formação docente neste sentido.
Application of mesh generation technology in bone mechanics research
Authors: Qin Yanan
Published: July 2019

High quality mesh is the basis of bone mechanics research and the precondition to ensure the accuracy of FEA (Finite Element Analysis) calculation. In order to obtain high accuracy and low distortion mesh of bone, the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) meshing method is applied in this paper. The main process of bone finite element model construction consists of three parts, including CT (Computed Tomography) imaging, three-dimensional reverse modeling and meshing. By mesh optimization and boundary conditions imposition, the stress distribution of the occipital-atlantoaxial complex model and the relative motion angle between the Occipital Atlas and Atlantoaxial are obtained. According to the rotation angle checks, it is known that all the simulation results are within the range of cadaveric test data. The mesh generation technology provides a good idea and method for the study of bone mechanics.
Analyses on deformation and fracture evolution of zonal disintegration during axial overloading in 3D geomechanical model tests
Authors: Yuan Pu , Xu Ying
Published: July 2019

To investigate the formation of zonal disintegration phenomenon in deep rock mass under high axial geostress, 3D geomechanical model tests for two rock strengths are carried out via capacity of deep rock breakage mechanics and supporting technique model test. Considering the maximum principal stress along the tunnel axis, 3D geomechanical model tests are carried out in a loading procedure of first loading to initial geostress, then excavating the tunnel with blasting construction, and finally overloading the stress along the tunnel. Due to unloading effect, radial strain is tensile and tangential strain is compressive around excavated tunnel after excavation complete, which indicates a radial tension and circumferential compression stress state. With continuous overloading of axial stress, values of both radial tensile strain and tangential compressive strain increase, then ring fracture appears due to large radial tensile strain. After axial overloading, an interval distribution of peaks and troughs is shown in radial tensile strain distribution around excavated tunnel, which indicates a formation of zonal disintegration. By cutting the rectangular cemented sand model, a distinct zonal disintegration phenomenon emerges, and an apparent shrinkage of excavated tunnel is also shown due to radial deformation towards excavated tunnel. The larger the rock strength is, the less the tunnel shrinkage is, the smaller the radius of fracture zone. After statistical analyses of three ring tensile fracture zones, the radius scale factor of fracture zone in zonal disintegration is about 1.28.
The Process Characteristics of Rapid Freezing: Continuous and Discrete Heat Removal Method
Authors: Неверов Евгений , Neverov Evgeniy , Лифенцева Людмила , Lifenceva Lyudmila , Усов Андрей , Usov Andrey
Published: June 2019

The research features the rational conditions of the process of rapid freezing for unpackaged small-sized foods by the method of continuous and discrete heat sink. The paper presents a graphical interpretation of the calculations of the average volume temperature for various temperature regimes that are used to freeze semi-finished products. The method makes it possible to determine the temperature at any time. The experiment defined the most rational range of air circulation speeds with a continuous heat sink in the range from 4 m/s to 6 m/s. The article features curves of changes in temperature and heat flux density during the rapid freezing of small-sized semi-finished meat products. They show the nature of the changes in the air coefficient of the meat sample heat transfer curves and the medium velocity of the object air. An increase in the heat flux density and a reduction in the duration of freezing by about 1.4 times occurred when the temperature of the cooling medium decreased from –20°C to – 40°C at an air speed of 6 m/s. The research determined the process characteristics of rapid freezing in continuous mode using a discrete heat sink. The authors describe the comparative characteristics of the change in the duration of the freezing process and the speed of the process with continuous and discrete heat sinks. The study presents the curves of changes in temperature and heat flux density during rapid freezing of small-sized semi-finished meat products, depending on the conditions of heat transfer. When a discrete heat sink was used, the duration of the freezing process was fpund to be 20 min, while with a continuous heat sink it lasted 26 min. The paper also includes a thermogram and the kinetics of heat sink during freezing in discrete conditions, as well as a software program for quick freezing of semi-finished minced meat products. The indicators of the meat quality are considered depending on the conditions of the heat sink, as well as the change in the physicochemical properties of the product after freezing and during storage. Studies of quality indicators of small-sized semi-finished meat products were carried out in the laboratory of the scientific-innovative enterprise “Sibagropererabotka” (Novosibirsk, Russia).
The Next Generation of Pattern Recognition Receptor Agonists: Improving Response Rates in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: O’ Donovan Daniel H. , Mao Yumeng , Mele Deanna A.
Published: July 2019

The recent success of checkpoint blocking antibodies has sparked a revolution in cancer immunotherapy. Checkpoint inhibition activates the adaptive immune system leading to durable responses across a range of tumor types, although this response is limited to patient populations with pre-existing tumor-infiltrating T cells. Strategies to stimulate the immune system to prime an antitumor response are of intense interest and several groups are now working to develop agents to activate the Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), proteins which detect pathogenic and damageassociated molecules and respond by activating the innate immune response. Although early efforts focused on the Toll-like Receptor (TLR) family of membrane-bound PRRs, TLR activation has been associated with both pro- and antitumor effects. Nonetheless, TLR agonists have been deployed as potential anticancer agents in a range of clinical trials. More recently, the cytosolic PRR Stimulator of IFN Genes (STING) has attracted attention as another promising target for anticancer drug development, with early clinical data beginning to emerge. Besides STING, several other cytosolic PRR targets have likewise captured the interest of the drug discovery community, including the RIG-Ilike Receptors (RLRs) and NOD-like Receptors (NLRs). In this review, we describe the outlook for activators of PRRs as anticancer therapeutic agents and contrast the earlier generation of TLR agonists with the emerging focus on cytosolic PRR activators, both as single agents and in combination with other cancer immunotherapies.
Anti-VEGFR2 Antibody-modified Micelle for Triggered Drug Delivery and Effective Therapy of Choroidal Neovascularization
Authors: Takahashi Kei , Masuda Tomomi , Harada Mitsunori , Inoue Tadashi , Nakamura Shinsuke , Naito Kenichiro , Hara Hideaki , Shimazawa Masamitsu
Published: July 2019

Objective:

This study aimed to examine whether DC101 (anti-VEGFR2 antibody)-
modified micelles have applications as novel drug delivery devices, which allow small molecule
antiangiogenic agents to deliver to angiogenic sites on a murine laser-induced choroidal neovascularization
(CNV) model.

Materials and Method:

CNV was induced by photocoagulation on the unilateral eye of each
mouse under anesthesia. Immediately after laser coagulation, E7974-loaded DC101-modified micelles
and motesanib-loaded DC101-modified micelles were intravitreally administrated. Two
weeks after photocoagulation, CNV was visualized using fluorescein-conjugated dextran
(MW=2,000 kDa), and the CNV area was measured in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroidal
flat mounts.

Results:

Intravitreal administration of both DC101-modified micelles loaded with E7974 at 2 µM
and motesanib at 2 µM significantly reduced CNV area in the murine laser-induced CNV model at
a clearly lower concentration than the effective dose of each agent.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that DC101-modified micelle might be effective drug carrier
system for treating CNV and other ocular angiogenic diseases.
A Renewable Source as a Functional Food: Chia Seed
Authors: Dinçoğlu Ahmet H. , Yeşildemir Özge
Published: June 2019

Background:

Chia seed is not a new food for humanity. The seed has been used in many
different areas since the Aztecs, especially the food items. The chia seed is -becoming increasingly
important because of its nutritional and functional properties and it is described as “the seed of the
21st century” and “new gold and super nutrient”.

Background:

In this review, general characteristics, nutritional composition, fields of usage, effects on
health and importance in human nutrition of the chia seed have been evaluated.

Conclusion:

This seed is shown as an important source of dietary fiber (soluble and insoluble), omega-
3 fatty acids, proteins, bioactive and polyphenolic compounds. It also has many physicochemical
and functional properties that make it more suitable for the food industry. Chia seed is a good thickener,
gel forming and chelating agent, foam enhancer, emulsifier, suspending agent and rehydration factor.
Foods such as frozen products, bakery products, beverages, sweets, pasta, and sausages can be enriched
with seeds and chia oil can be used as fat replacer for these products. Some studies have shown
that consumption of the seed is beneficial for health problems such as dyslipidemia, inflammation,
cardiovascular diseases and insulin resistance. However, the results of studies demonstrating the effect
of the seeds on diseases have been controversial and many of the studies on this subject are animal
studies. There is a need for further studies to reveal the effects of chia seed on human health and its
importance in the food industry.
Supervised Classifier Approach for Intrusion Detection on KDD with Optimal MapReduce Framework Model in Cloud Computing
Authors: Murugan Ilayaraja , S. Hemalatha , P. Manickam , K. Sathesh Kumar , K. Shankar
Published: July 2019

Background:

Cloud computing is characterized as the arrangement of assets or accessible
administrations by the cloud service providers through web to their clients. It communicates everything
as administrations over the web as per the client request, for example, the operating system,
organization of equipment, storage, assets, and software. Nowadays, Intrusion Detection Systems
(IDS) play a powerful role while working under the influence of the experts who act when a system
is hacked or under some intrusions. Most intrusion detection frameworks are created based on the
machine learning strategies. Since the datasets play a major role, this is utilized as part of the intrusion
detection i.e., Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD).

Methods:

In this paper, the intruded data was detected and classified utilizing Machine Learning
(ML) with MapReduce model. The primary objective of the Hadoop MapReduce model is to reduce
the extent of database ideal weight that was decided for reducer model and second stage by utilizing
Decision Tree (DT) classifier in data detection. This DT classifier utilizes an appropriate classifier to
decide the class labels for non-homogeneous leaf nodes. The decision tree fragment provided a
coarse section profile while the leaf level classifier yielded the data about the qualities that influence
the label inside a portion.

Results:

From the proposed results, the accuracy for detection was 96.21% in comparison with the
existing classifiers, for example, Neural Network (NN), Naive Bayes (NB) and K Nearest Neighbor
(KNN).

Conclusion:

This study introduced a Hadoop Map-reduce model to create diverse mappers and diminish
the data utilizing OBL-GWO strategy.
Platelets in In-stent Restenosis: From Fundamental Role to Possible Prognostic Application
Authors: Haybar Habib , Pezeshki Seyed M.S. , Saki Najmaldin
Published: July 2019

Background:

Introduction of new generations of stents has decreased the percentage of
patients experiencing in-stent restenosis (ISR) following the implantation of stent. However, a large
number of patients are still afflicted with this phenomenon, which necessitates further study of ISR
pathophysiology.

Methods:

Relevant English literature was searched up to 2018 and retrieved form the PubMed database
and Google Scholar search engine. The following keywords were used: "In-stent restenosis",
"Platelet", "Chemokine", "Inflammation", "Vascular smooth muscle cell" and "Neointima".

Results:

Previous studies have shown that ISR is a pathophysiologic response to damage of the artery
wall after its elongation and separation of the atherosclerotic plaque. Development of neointimal
hyperplasia (NIH) following this pathophysiologic response is a function of inflammation
caused by platelets, monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes, as well as rapid migration and proliferation
of generally quiescent cells in the median layer of the artery wall.

Conclusion:

After damage to the artery wall, platelets play an essential role in the incidence of NIH
by contributing to inflammation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells and extracellular
matrix remodeling, especially via secretion of different chemokines; therefore, developing therapeutic
strategies for platelet inhibition in a controlled manner could be the basis of preventive
treatments in the near future. In this study, for the first time, we hypothesize that evaluation of
platelet activity profile in patients before and after stent implantation may determine the prognosis
and likelihood of ISR.
InGaP Nano-pattern Structure Realized by Thermally Dewetted Au Nanoparticles and Anisotropic Dry Etching
Authors: Lam Nguyen Dinh
Published: July 2019

Background::

Optical reflection loss can be reduced more than 30% when multilayers
ARC are deposited on the optoelectronic devices surface. Besides that, sub-wavelength structures,
which have a period sufficiently smaller than the wavelength of light, have been introduced as an
antireflection layer to offer a new possibility to suppress the Fresnel reflection. Normally, e-bean and
nano-imprint lithography techniques are used to create nano-scale etch mask patterns. Metallic
nanoparticles, which can be formed by a thermal dewetting process of metal thin film without any
nanolithography techniques, can be utilized as an etch mask for the nano structure fabrications. The
nano-patterned structures were fabricated on a silicon nitride passivation layer of a GaInP/GaAs/Ge
triple-junction solar cell and showed an enhancement of its performance due to improved optical
transmission and current matching.

Objective::

Investigate the influences of InGaP nano-pattern structures on the optical characteristics
and applied for compound solar cells.

Method::

In this report, disordered InGaP nano-pattern structures were formed by thermally dewetted
Au nanoparticles and anisotropic dry etching processes. The effects of the InGaP nano-patterned
structure on the optical reflection characteristics were investigated.

Results::

The result indicated that the InGaP nano-patterned structure can reduce the optical reflection
in a wide range of wavelengths and, thus, can work as an antireflection layer. The InGaP nanostructure
can improve up to 14.8% in the short circuit current density compared to that of the planar cell.

Conclusion::

The InGaP nano structures have been successfully fabricated by thermal dewetted Au
nanoparticles and anisotropic dry etching methods. The fabricated Au nanoparticles pattern was
found to be the best when annealing temperature is 400°C for 30 minutes with the 5nm thick of Au
film. By controlling dry etching time, the height of InGaP nanostructures can be varied from 95 nm
to 150 nm. With the increasing of the height, the optical reflectance can be down to 22%. The InGaP
nanostructure with the height of 150 nm was also introduced to the window layer of a single junction
GaAs soar cell. The result indicated that the InGaP nanostructure only affects on the short circuit
current density.
An Improved method for assessing quality of a WEB site based on completeness
Authors: Sastry JKR , Naga Prudhvi K. , Rishi Kranth G Prem , Pradeep M. Chandra , Lalith B. Sai , Prakash V. Chandra
Published: July 2019

Assessing quality of a web site is most important especially because people world over are dependent on the quality of the content hosted on the WEB site for various purposes. Every aspect that reflects the quality of the WEB site must be considered so that the WEB site is used by many relevant users and the content is straight away used for various purposes. The content is hosted on the WEB is accepted and used by the users without any doubt. Many factors are to be considered for assessing the quality of the WEB sites.

There as many as 42 factors such as look and feel, ease of navigation, structure, quality of content, quality of mullti-media etc. that needs to be considered for assessing overall quality of a WEB site. “Completeness” is one such factor. Completeness is all about total availability of the data related to a specific context that the user is pursuing.

An incomplete WEB site will be unused and eventually gets out of the ambit of search engines and also the users loose interest in such web sites. Every quality factor must be assessed independently by using a model and all the models of all the factors must be combined to reflect the overall quality of the WEB site. Every quality factors can be expressed in terms of some sub-factors, the quality of which must be individually computed and combined to arrive at quality value of the Factor.

This paper is primarily focused on presenting a model using which the quality assessment of a web site can be made considering the factor called “Completeness” which is one of the factors that should be considered for computing the quality of the WEB sites. There can be much of the disconnected in the content hosted on the web site such as missing href, columns in the tables and forms. The more the disconnectedness in the content that is hosted on the WEB site, the less the quality, as the information hosted on the WEB site is incomplete and less connected.
Growth characteristics of one-year-old seedlings of three autochthonous oak species in suboptimal growing conditions
Authors: Šušić Nikola , Bobinac Martin , Šijačić-Nikolić Mirjana , Bauer-Živković Andrijana , Urošević Jelena , Kerkez Janković Ivona
Published: June 2019

The paper presents the growth characteristics of one-year-old seedlings of three autochthonous oak species (Fagaceae family): Turkey oak (Quercus cerris L.), Hungarian oak (Quercus frainetto Ten.) and downy oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) in suboptimal growing conditions. The analyzed oak species are widely distributed in Serbia. One of the most important benefits of oak species is wood production (Hungarian and Turkey oak), and they have a promising role for the use in the future regarding the climate change as all species can be encountered on dry sites. Acorns were collected in the autumn of 2017 in natural stands and a sample of 400 acorns per each oak species was immediately sown in a nursery seedbed in the form of a random block system with four replicates. At the end of 2018, the available sample of seedlings was analyzed morphometrically. The seedlings were classified according to the number of shoot growth flushes into one-flush-growth and multi-flush growth seedlings. Turkey Oak had the highest number of seedlings which also recorded higher values in total height, root collar diameter and number of leaves. These results were obtained on alkaline soil with the presence of weeds and rodents and the absence of irrigating. The presence of multi-flush growth was recorded in all three oak species. Differences between analyzed three oak species exist in these suboptimal conditions. However, in full light conditions, a similar growth pattern was recorded, indicating to the similar adaptability of the species.
Improvement of Students’ Training Level in Higher Educational Institutions
Authors: Tymochko Nataliia
Published: July 2019

Objective: to determine the effective factors of impact on the internal motivation stimulation for students’ study.
Clinical Effectiveness of Cardiocytoprotective Therapy in Patients with Acute Coronar Syndrome (ACS) – Myocardial Infarction (MI), Who Were Performed Balloon Angioplasty and Coronary Artery Stenting
Authors: Shved Mykola , Tsuglevych Lesia , Heryak Svitlana
Published: July 2019

The aim of the study was to increase the efficiency of restorative treatment of patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (Miocardial Infarction) by incorporating the protocol therapy for the course of parenteral use of L-arginine and L-carnitine (Tivorel).

It has been determined that patients with ACS (MI) after percutaneous coronary intervention often develop reperfusion syndrome with manifestations of left ventricular insufficiency and rhythm disturbances. Substantial clinical and functional improvement was noted under the influence of standard medical treatment in patients of control group. At the same time postinfarction remodeling with systolic and diastolic function of the heart, with the development of heart failure syndrome and endothelial dysfunction of blood vessels, and also remained resistant to extrasystole therapy, progressed.

Patients in the experimental group under the influence of complex medical treatment with the inclusion of L-arginine and L-carnitine marked a significant decrease in the frequency of violations of rhythm and conduction for the second day of observation, as well as a decrease in the manifestations of post-infarction remodeling of LV, which ultimately manifested a significant improvement in myocardial contractility (EF increased by 13%) and decreased diastolic dysfunction. Improvement of the inotropic function of the heart and a significant reduction in the frequency and severity of reperfusion arrhythmias was achieved precisely due to cardiometabolic effects of L-carnitine. In addition, in patients undergoing additional treatment with L-arginine and L-carnitine after 10 days of treatment, the activity of ET-1 was significantly lowered and the concentration of nitrogen oxide metabolites in the blood plasma increased and reach the level of healthy subjects (p>0.05). So, they recovered the endothelial function of the vessels.
Modern View on the Problem of Treating Minor Dentition Defects with the Use of Zirconium Oxide Ceramic Resin-Bonded Prostheses
Authors: Kumgyr Iryna , Ozhogan Zinoviy
Published: July 2019

The objective of the research was to substantiate the effective method of treating minor dentition defects in the lateral and frontal areas considering anatomic features, functionality and aesthetic appearance of the prosthesis.

         Materials and methods. A new approach to the problem of treating minor dentition defects with the use of zirconium oxide ceramic resin-bonded prostheses was proposed. The method of its manufacturing was described and the indications to the application were clearly explained. The comparative analysis with similar prostheses was conducted and the advantages of the proposed prosthesis were proved. Ceramic resin-bonded prosthesis allowed us to restore the dentition integrity in the presence of small bounded edentulous spaces in the lateral region and to provide high aesthetic qualities and bio-inertness of the prosthesis with maximum approximation to the physiological characteristics of natural teeth.

    Results. Thirty-eight patients with small bounded edentulous space in the lateral region were treated with the use of zirconium oxide resin-bonded prosthesis for 18 months. The obtained results of prosthetic treatment indicated that the proposed prosthesis provided an opportunity to restore the aesthetic appearance and integrity of the dentition, to prevent the occurrence of the deformations and to ensure the functionality of the dento-facial system.

         Conclusions. The framework made of zirconium oxide allowed us to significantly reduce the depth of hard dental tissue preparation resulting in a great aesthetic appearance thereby providing an opportunity to significantly expand the indications for use. The remote results of treatment indicated the absence of marginal coloration at the margin of indirect restoration and hard dental tissues, namely the marginal ridge, ensuring good aesthetics and functional integrity of the restorative construction.
Code switching and code mixing in English learning process
Authors: Fanani Ahmad , Ma'u Jean Antunes Rudolf Zico
Published: July 2019

The research was conducted in order to describe the types and factors of code-switching and code-mixing in the learning process. The research was a descriptive qualitative investigation using the case study method. The aim was to analyze the types and factors that caused code-switching and code-mixing. Then, the research subjects were three English teachers who taught Grade XI. In gathering the data, there were five classes that should be observed and the necessary data were gathered through recording technique. In the meantime, for validating the results of the analysis an FGD (Focus Group Discussion) should be held. The FGD was conducted in order to identify the answers to the research questions. Next, the results of the study were as follows. First, the types of code-switching were (a) intersentential code-switching, (b) intrasentential code-switching, and (c) tag-switching. On the other hand, the types of code-mixing were (a) alternation code-mixing, (b) insertion code-mixing, and (c) congruent lexicalization. Second, the factors that caused the use of code-switching in the English learning process were text quotation, clarification, and teacher’s instruction. On the other hand, the factors that caused the use of code-mixing were speech habits such as the first language and the second language effects, adversity of finding equivalent words, and people’s impression of the present trends.
Building a Medical Education Outcomes Center: Development Study
Authors: Rosenberg Mark E , Gauer Jacqueline L , Smith Barbara , Calhoun Austin , Olson Andrew P J , Melcher Emily
Published: June 2019

Background

Medical education outcomes and clinical data exist in multiple unconnected databases, resulting in 3 problems: (1) it is difficult to connect learner outcomes with patient outcomes, (2) learners cannot be easily tracked over time through the education-training-practice continuum, and (3) no standard methodology ensures quality and privacy of the data.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to develop a Medical Education Outcomes Center (MEOC) to integrate education data and to build a framework to standardize the intake and processing of requests for using these data.

Methods

An inventory of over 100 data sources owned or utilized by the medical school was conducted, and nearly 2 dozen of these data sources have been vetted and integrated into the MEOC. In addition, the American Medical Association (AMA) Physician Masterfile data of the University of Minnesota Medical School (UMMS) graduates were linked to the data from the National Provider Identifier (NPI) registry to develop a mechanism to connect alumni practice data to education data.

Results

Over 160 data requests have been fulfilled, culminating in a range of outcomes analyses, including support of accreditation efforts. The MEOC received data on 13,092 UMMS graduates in the AMA Physician Masterfile and could link 10,443 with NPI numbers and began to explore their practice demographics. The technical and operational work to expand the MEOC continues. Next steps are to link the educational data to the clinical practice data through NPI numbers to assess the effectiveness of our medical education programs by the clinical outcomes of our graduates.

Conclusions

The MEOC provides a replicable framework to allow other schools to more effectively operate their programs and drive innovation.
A Hilly Primary School Teacher’s Life: Supports, Challenges and Aspirations
Authors: Al Mamun Abdullah
Published: June 2019

This article is an outcome of a qualitative study that aimed to explore professional as well as personal life of a primary school teacher in hilly area of Bangladesh. This study investigated organisation of a teacher’s life along in remote area with the type of supports she gets from her family and school for professional development, sort of barriers and challenges s/he faces in teaching profession and kind of future plan and aspiration she keeps with teaching. The study was conducted following ethnographic style of research. To carry out the investigation a school teacher of a hilly primary school of Rangamati, Bangladesh was selected purposively. Data for the study were gathered by shadowing the teacher for consecutive three days; all her activities were observed for consequently three days from beginning to end of school hour. After each day of observation, a semi-structured interview was conducted with the teacher for collecting more professional and personnel information and clarification on the activities observed. Finding of the study revealed that even after facing many challenges to survive in teaching profession with having insufficient supports and facilities a teacher of a rural hilly area might aspire to contribute significantly in this greatest profession.
A RAPID VALIDATED UNI-DIMENSIONAL DOUBLE DEVELOPMENT HPTLC-DENSITOMETRY METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE, GLICLAZIDE AND PIOGLITAZONE HYDROCHLORIDE
Authors: Varade Rajesh , Mishra Harsha
Published: July 2019

Objective: To develop and validate a uni-dimensional double development high-performance thin layer chromatography (UDDD-HPTLC) for estimation of anti-diabetic medicine compromising of metformin (MET) gliclazide (GLZ) and pioglitazone hydrochloride (PIO).

Methods: The chromatographic separation of these drugs was carried out on precoated TLC plates silica gel 60F254by two mobile phases consisting of Ammonium Sulphate: Methanol: Acetonitrile: Water (4:3:2:1) for MET and PIO and Toluene: Ethyl Acetate: Formic Acid (6:4:0.5) for GLZ respectively for ideal separation and good resolution. The densitometric detection and quantification were carried out at 237 nm for MET and 200 nm for GLZ and PIO. The validation parameters were strictly followed as per the ICH guidelines.

Results: The linearity range was obtained at 3000-8000ng/spot, 360-960 ng/spot, 90-240 ng/spot for MET, GLZ and PIO with r2value>0.999. The other parameters such as precision, reproducibility, robustness were efficiently obtained within the limits. The proposed method was successfully applied for simultaneous determination of MET, GLZ and PIO in the commercial formulation.

Conclusion: In simultaneous estimation, the different polarity of drugs makes it more cumbersome to develop and validate any chromatographic method. In the present study, a uni-dimensional double development high-performance thin layer chromatography (UDDD-HPTLC) for estimation of these drugs have been developed and validated to resolve the estimation problem. It is an effortless and speedy method which was developed and validated using ICH guidelines. The developed and validated method using ICH guidelines is effortless and speedy technique.
INVESTIGATION OF THE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE: THE CASE OF BUU DIEN GENERAL HOSPITAL IN HO CHI MINH CITY
Authors: Ngoc-Van Tran-Thi , Quang-Thinh Tran , Thanh-Tuyen Cu , Nhac-Vu Hoang-Thy
Published: July 2019

Objective: In Vietnam, antibiotic resistance has been gained the attention of medical professionals in antibiotic use management. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance among hospital-acquired infections at Buu Dien General Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City in the period of 01-12/2017.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on the retrospective data of all antibiograms of bacteria isolated from hospital-acquired infections at Buu Dien General Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City in the period of 01-12/2017 to investigate the antibiotic resistance. Characteristics of antibiotic resistance were described by frequency and percentage of types of bacteria isolated and antibiotics being resistant.
Results: A total of 179 isolates were collected during the period 01-12/2017, of which E. coli was the most commonly isolated pathogen (41.3%). The highest prevalent infections were in the skin and mucosa; respiratory tract; and urinary tract (34.6%; 32.4%; and 27.9%). The antibiotic susceptibility testing used 21 types of antibiotics. Among them, S. aureus was 82% resistant to clindamycin and 75% resistant to cefuroxime; the Proteus resistance percentages to amoxicillin/clavulanic, second-generation cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin and fosfomycin varied from 50 to 93%; Pseudomonas was 92% resistant to fosfomycin and 62% resistant to ceftazidime; A. baumannii was resistant to most classes of agents used (50-75%). Both E. coli and Klebsiella were highly resistant to gentamicin, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporin’s. Polymyxin B-resistant Proteus cultures were detected at 67%.
Conclusion: The study described the antibiotic resistance situation of hospital-acquired bacteria at the Buu Dien General Hospital from 01-12/2017. This information will aid physicians to select proper antibiotics for their patients in the next period.
Research Paper DESIGN, OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF EMPAGLIFLOZIN ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS USING DIFFERENT SUPERDISINTEGRANTS
Authors: DWIVEDI AKANKSHA , DARWHEKAR G. N.
Published: July 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to formulate orodispersible tablets containing empagliflozin by direct compression method with sufficient hardness and rapid disintegration time and to study the effect of functionality differences of super-disintegrants on the tablet properties.

Methods: A two factor three level factorial design (32) was used for the formulation optimization of orodispersible tablets of Empagliflozin and experimental trials were performed on all possible formulations, in which the amount of β-cyclodextrin, crospovidone and croscarmellose sodium were selected as independent variables (factor) varied at three different levels: low (-1), medium (0), and high (+1) levels. The drug release and disintegration time were used as dependent variables (response). All formulations were characterized for parameters such as diameter, hardness, weight, thickness, friability, disintegration time, drug release.

Results: Formulation FD6 having 30 sec disintegration time, 98.84% drug release after 30 min, 2.8 kg/cm2 hardness and 0.292% friability was found best among all formulations and selected as an optimized formulation with rapid onset of action and enhanced bioavailability (more than 98% drug release within 30 min.) as compared to the oral empagliflozin tablet.

Conclusion: Empagliflozin orodispersible tablets with different superdisintegrants were successfully prepared and formulation containing highest percentage of crospovidone was found best among all other formulations in terms of bioavailability and rapid onset of action.