bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the effectiveness of using building information modeling (BIM) tools in project management: a case study
Authors:   Department of Building Engineering and Construction Management, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna (Bangladesh), Dip Datta Shuvo , Rahman Sobuz Md. Habibur ,   Department of Building Engineering and Construction Management, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna (Bangladesh), Jahan Mim Nusrat ,   Department of Building Engineering and Construction Management, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna (Bangladesh), Deb Nath Amit ,   Department of Building Engineering and Construction Management, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna (Bangladesh)
Published: September 2023

Building information modeling (BIM) has brought a technological shift in the area of construction programs, resulting in a significant rise in project management performance and affordability. In Bangladesh, designers have to deal with numerous issues in implementing BIM technology as technological expertise is insufficient in this area. Therefore, the paper focuses on implementing BIM across the project life cycle and assesses its effectiveness on a construction project with respect to the Bangladeshi construction industry. For this, a 3D model simulation of a three-storied residential building is developed and all semantic data (material properties, construction details, schedules, cost of the material, etc.) is stored with the model. In addition, BIM-centered integrated project delivery techniques are analyzed for clash detection, structural analysis, scheduling (4D), and cost estimation (5D) during the planning and construction phase. The outcome of the study indicated that BIM is effective in raising whole process performance, giving precise quantity takeoffs, optimizing schedules, reducing overall project uncertainties, structural defects, and expenses. The constitutional framework of this study can lead to increased efficiency, effective communication, as well as rarer mistakes in the construction project of Bangladesh. In addition, it can be an effective tool for managing medium- and large-scale projects since it can help to boost profitability, cut expenses, and enhance time management.
Secondary Effects of Yoga and Pranayama in Dentistry: A Narrative Review
Authors: Desai Neelam , Somani Mona , Patel Aashray , Thumar Sweety , Joshi Chintan
Published: September 2023

Yoga is an art that includes physical, mental, and spiritual activities for a healthy mind and body. Nowadays, because of modern dentistry, we dentists face many occupational health issues related to the neck, shoulder, and back. The “asana” and the “pranayama” are part of the yoga activity. Asana helps dental professionals to recover from posture-related problems like musculoskeletal pain. Daily practice of yoga does not just help to decrease the stress and anxiety of the dentist and dental patient but also improves the immunity of the body. The people who are more stressed give less care to their teeth, gums, and oral health. Yoga reduces stress, improves the oxidative status of the body, increases immunity, and reduces gingival inflammation. Yoga improves the lifestyle of the person toward nature. Yoga helps dentists to give good posture and flexibility to relieve musculoskeletal pain. Yoga and pranayama help in the maintenance of oral hygiene, reduction of gingival inflammation, and prevention of dental diseases. Yoga and pranayama help us with our day-to-day muscular discomfort and pain. Yoga is easy and more comfortable than other muscle-strengthening exercises. Yoga helps to get the best from our personal and professional life. This review article focuses on the importance of yoga and pranayama for the dentist, dental diseases, and oral health.
Cord Blood Bilirubin as an Early Marker of Hyperbilirubinemia in Term and Late Preterm Newborns at 48 Hours of Life: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gilbert Aparna , Stephenson Baburaj
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Jaundice is a common clinical condition present during the neonatal period, which can be either physiological or pathological. Early discharge of newborns is a common practice in our country due to medico-social and economic reasons, making post-discharge follow-up of infants challenging compared to developed countries. Aim: To determine the correlation between cord blood bilirubin levels and the occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia at 48 hours of life in newborns with a gestational age of ≥35 weeks. Materials and Methods: This cohort study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics at Dr SMCSI Medical College, Karakonam, Trivandrum, Kerala, India, over a one-year period from June 2017 to June 2018. The exposure variables included the mother’s blood group, baby's blood group, mode of delivery, gestational age, gender, and weight of the baby. The outcome variables included cord blood and 48-hour serum total and direct bilirubin levels. The data was coded and entered into Microsoft Excel and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16.0. Descriptive measures were calculated, and the correlation between cord and 48- hour bilirubin levels was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient formula. Other statistical tests applied were chisquare test and independent t-test. Results: Total subjects of 500 (243 female and 257 were males) participants were included in the study.Among the 21 babies who underwent phototherapy, 11 were female and 10 were male, and 15 were full term and six were late preterm for their gestational age . Of the 21 babies needing phototherapy, 15 were delivered by normal vaginal delivery, and six were delivered by LSCS. Correlation between cord blood bilirubin and serum bilirubin at 48hr is 0.477 with a p-value <0.001; which indicates mild correlation between the cord blood Total Bilirubin (TB)and serum TB. A cord TB value of 1.45 mg/dL had a sensitivity of 95.2% and specificity of 32.5%. A value of 1.55 mg/dL had a sensitivity of 90.5% and specificity of 40.9%. A cord TB value of 1.65 mg/dL had a sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 53.9%. These findings suggest that cord bilirubin levels can be used to predict which babies require further evaluation and treatment. Conclusions: Cord blood serum bilirubin can serve as a useful screening test for predicting neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and ensuring safe post-natal hospital discharge.
Type and Screen Method versus Antihuman Globulin Crossmatch in Pretransfusion Testing: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Umesh D , Sivaramakrishnan A , Kumar V Naveen , Pothipillai Arumugam
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Blood transfusion remains the primary modality of treatment for many serious and common diseases. According to the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT), there are about 349 blood group antigens, out of which only about 25-28 antigens are known to cause acute or delayed type of haemolytic transfusion reactions which could be prevented by Pretransfusion Testing (PTT). Regulated pretransfusion tests include ABO blood grouping, Rh typing, antibody detection, antibody identification and compatibility testing. The purpose of compatibility tests is to demonstrate invitro red cell antigen-antibody reaction. The Antihuman Globulin (AHG) crossmatch testing can assure ABO compatibility between donor and patient blood as well as detect most clinically significant antibodies. Type and Screen (T&S) is a procedure carried out as part of PTT in which the recipient’s blood sample is tested for ABO group, RhD T&S for unexpected antibodies. Aim: To compare T&S method of PTT with AHG crossmatch. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Transfusion medicine at Government Royapettah Hospital, Chennai and The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India from June 2012 to December 2013. T&S was performed on 1,040 recipients’ (510 males and 530 females) samples. All these samples were subjected to AHG crossmatch with ABO group and RhD type matched donor samples to assess the compatibility between donor and recipient by using column agglutination technology. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 11.0. Results: The prevalence of unexpected antibodies in the recipient population was 1.06%. Among the 1,040 recipients’ blood samples, 11 samples were found to have unexpected antibodies. Out of these 11 samples, 10 showed exact antibodies and the remaining one sample with negative antibody screening was found to be incompatible with AHG crossmatch. The sensitivity and specificity of T&S method in comparison to AHG crossmatch was 87.50% and 99.71%, respectively. Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of T&S is as acceptable as AHG crossmatch. However, in view of one sample with false negative antibody screening in the study population, it is imperative to know the phenotyping of Red Blood Cells (RBC) antigens of the native population before getting away with AHG crossmatch.
„Above the Pack” Diffusion Aluminizing of Turbine Compressor Blades made of EI867 in the Aerospace Industry
Authors: Pytel Anna , Nowotnik Andrzej , Nalborczyk-Kazanecka Agnieszka
Published: September 2023

In the publication, tests were conducted on compressor turbine working blades made of EI-867 material, in accordance with the TU 14-1-402-72 standard, which were subjected to the gas non-contact aluminizing process. Metallographic analyses of the produced aluminide layer were undertaken, and the phase components of the aluminide layer microstructure were identified. This identification was achieved by analyzing the chemical composition in micro-areas using the EDS attachment in a scanning electron microscope and using X-ray diffraction. Additionally, hardness and creep resistance tests of the blades, after undergoing solution and aging processes, were performed over different durations. The research was aimed at exploring the feasibility of the aluminizing process using the "above the pack" method on parts made of EI-867 material and understanding the process's impact on the creep resistance of the part. Experimental research have shown that aluminizing turbine blades with EI-867 using the "above the pack" method to obtain a layer thickness in the range of 0.03-0.06 mm is possible within 10 hours at 950ºC. Aluminizing with the analyzed method results in the formation of an aluminized layer with a three-phase structure that ensures the appropriate strength of the coating. However, it has been shown that the aluminizing process using the "above the pack" method with the applied time of 10 hours causes a significant reduction in the creep resistance of the material. Based on the obtained results, it was shown that the non-contact aluminizing method for turbine blades made of EI 867 material does not meet aviation requirements for safe operation due to a significant reduction in mechanical properties.
OKUMA STRATEJİLERİNE YÖNELİK LİSANSÜSTÜ TEZLERİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KERAY DİNÇEL Betül , SANLAV Gül
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı 1995-2022 yılları arasında Türkiye’de okuma stratejileri üzerine yapılan 102 lisansüstü tezin yıl, tür, üniversite, enstitü, ana bilim dalı, konu, yöntem, desen, çalışma grubu, veri toplama araçları ve anahtar kelime eğilimlerinin belirlenmesidir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Okuma stratejilerine yönelik lisansüstü tezlerin çoğunun yüksek lisans tezi olduğu, en fazla 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında, Gazi Üniversitesinde, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitülerinde ve Türkçe Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalında yapıldığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Çoğunlukla üstbilişsel okuma stratejileri, okuma stratejileri ve okuduğunu anlama stratejilerinin konu edildiği, nicel yöntemlerin özellikle deneysel, ilişkisel tarama, tarama, tek denekli desenlerin tercih edildiği belirlenmiştir. En fazla öğretmen adayları ve dördüncü sınıflarla grup olarak ise ortaokul öğrencileriyle çalışılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak genellikle okuduğunu anlama testi, görüşme formu, kişisel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Okuduğunu anlama, okuma stratejileri, okuma, üstbiliş ve akıcı okuma anahtar kelimelerine sıkça yer verildiği ortaya çıkmıştır.
THE ACHIEVEMENTS LEVELS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THE SCIENCE CURRICULUM ON THE SUBSTANCE AND ITS NATURE: AN ANALYSIS THROUGH THE REVISED BLOOM'S TAXONOMY
Authors: ÖZKAYA Abdulkadir , SARIGÖZ Okan , DEMİR Abdulkadir , BOZAK Ahmet
Published: September 2023

The current study aims to determine knowledge areas and cognitive process dimensions of the Revised Bloom Taxonomy of elementary school student acquisitions in the curriculum course unit of "The Substance and its Nature", as well as how the learning acquisitions are distributed across grade levels. The document review method, regarded to be one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. The acquisitions in the course unit of "The Substance and its Nature" were analyzed according to the Revised Bloom's taxonomy. Accordingly, 52 acquisitions in the course unit of "The Substance and its Nature" were examined by the researchers. The reliability coefficient of the research data was determined as 0.73 which was considered to be enough for research reliability. The results of the study revealed that the most (35 learning acquisitions) acquisitions were emphasized in the conceptual knowledge dimension while the least acquisitions (1 item) was emphasized in the metacognitive knowledge dimension; the study also revealed that the most acquisitions (14 learning acquisitions) were emphasized in the application dimension while the least acquisitions (3 acquisitions) were emphasized in the analysis dimension. In addition, the study also concluded that the acquisitions levels did not display a homogeneous distribution according to grade levels, moreover that the acquisitions within higher-level knowledge dimensions that are to make students' learning more active were not focused enough in the curriculum.
TÜRK ÖYKÜSÜNDE DENEYSEL BİR YÖNTEM: ÖYKÜYÜ SOMUTLAŞTIRMA İMKÂNI OLARAK TİPOGRAFİK TASARILAR
Authors: ASLAN Özge
Published: September 2023

Grafik tasarım disiplinine ait bir tasarım terimi ya da bir sanat alanı olarak tipografi; yazının görsel, görüntüsel, göstergesel tasarıları ile sınırlı kalmayarak kurmaca ya da şiir türündeki edebi eserlerde de manaya katkı sunmak üzere içeriğin parçası hâline getirilir. Bu ilişkinin arketip niteliğindeki örnekleri Fütürist, Dadaist metinlerde ve şiir türü üzerinde görülür. Özellikle deneysel ya da avangart edebiyat ile nitelendirilen şiir dışı edebi metinlerde de yoğun olarak bu tasarımlarla karşılaşılır. Şiir türünde bu ilişkiye dair örnekler somut-görsel şiir olarak nitelendirilirken, öykü metinlerini de somutlaştıran bu tasarımlar için kavramsal ya da terimsel bir nitelendirmeye rastlanılmaz. Örnekleri somut şiir ile yakın ilişki gösterebilen öyküleri tipografi/harf tasarımları avangart ve deneysel olarak nitelendirilen somut/görsel şiirin farklı örnekleri ve bu örneklere ait özellikler ile ilişkilendirerek incelemek mümkündür.

Bu çalışmada, içeriği biçimle zenginleştiren modern Türk öyküsü örneklerinde gözlemlenen tipografik öykü tasarımları, somut şiir örnekleri mukayesesi ve somut şiirin kuramsal çerçevesi ile incelenecektir. Gerek Türk edebiyatı gerek dünya edebiyatında görülen somut şiir örnekleri ile ‘somut ya da somutlaşan öykü’ kavramı ortaya koyulacaktır. Çalışmada Sürrealizm, Dada, Avangart, Letrizm gibi sanat akımlarının somut şiir ve somutlaşan öykülere katkı ve etkileri de incelenecek, bu ilişkilerin tarihsel boyutu mukayeseli olarak etki ve etkileşim bakımından irdelenecektir. Çalışmada, ‘Somutlaşan öykü nedir?’ ‘Somut öykü var mıdır?’ sorularına cevaplar aranacaktır.
YABANCI DİL OLARAK TÜRKÇE VE İNGİLİZCE ÖĞRETİMİNDE AKTARIMLARLA İLGİLİ ÇALIŞMALARIN ANALİZİ
Authors: KAYA Musa
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışma yabancı dil olarak Türkçe ve İngilizce öğretiminde aktarımlarla ilgili yapılan çalışmaların incelenmesi amacıyla nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi (YDOTÖ)’nde aktarımlarla ilgili çalışmaların özellikleri, yabancı dil olarak İngilizce öğretimi (YDOİÖ)’nde aktarımlarla ilgili çalışmaların özellikleri, YDOTÖ ve YDOİÖ’nde aktarımlarla ilgili çalışmalarda aktarımların ele alınışındaki benzerlik ve farklılıklar incelenmiştir. Ulaşılan verilere göre YDOTÖ’nde aktarımlarla ilgili çalışmaların bütün dil düzeylerine yönelik olarak yazma ve konuşma alanlarında yapıldığı, bu çalışmalarda aktarımların sınıflandırılmasında Arapçanın etkisinin yanı sıra diğer dillerin etkilerinin de ele alındığı belirlenmiştir. YDOİÖ’nde de yazma ve konuşma öğrenme alanlarında yapılan çalışmalar incelenmiş; çalışmalarda herhangi bir dil düzeyinin belirtilmediği, aktarımların sınıflandırılmasında Arapçanın etkisi ve İngilizcenin dil bilgisi özelliklerinin belirleyici olduğu görülmüştür. YDOTÖ ve YDOİÖ’nde aktarımlarla ilgili yapılan çalışmalarda sözcük türleri, dil bilgisi ve yazım bakımından Arapçanın etkisi ele alınırken YDOİÖ’nde diğer dillerin etkisine yer verilmemiş, konuşma alanındaki çalışmada doğrudan seslendirme sorunları ele alınmıştır.
TÜRKÇENİN YABANCI / İKİNCİ DİL OLARAK ÖĞRETİMİNDE YAZMA BECERİSİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİNE İLİŞKİN ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİ VE İNANÇLARI
Authors: DOĞAN Selçuk , DEMİREL Mehmet Volkan
Published: September 2023

Dört temel dil becerisi içerisinde en son öğrenilen beceri olan yazma becerisi, birçok zihinsel, fiziksel ve duyuşsal etkinliğin bir arada gerçekleştirilmesini gerekli kılar. Yaklaşık beş bin yıllık geçmişine rağmen hâlâ birtakım gizemleri barındıran yazma süreci çeşitli modellerin ortaya konulmasına rağmen henüz tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır. Bu sürecin anlaşılabilmesinde, yazma becerisinin gelişimine katkı sağlayan ve bu yazma sürecinin tetikleyicisi, çeşitli aşamaların yönlendiricisi konumunda olan öğreticilerin rolü yadsınamaz. Bu bakımdan öğretmenlerin yazma becerisine ilişkin inançlarının yazma sürecinin etkin işletilmesine yönelik etkisi olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Bu araştırmanın amacı bir devlet üniversitesi bünyesinde faaliyet gösteren Türkçe Öğretimi Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezinde (TÖMER) Türkçe öğreten öğreticilerin yazma becerisine ilişkin inançlarını tespit etmektedir. Çalışma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubu, Türkçeyi ikinci dil olarak öğreten 9 öğretim elemanından (5 erkek, 4 kadın) oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu hazırlanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların verdiği cevaplar temalandırılarak araştırmacılar tarafından yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgularda katılımcıların Türkçenin ikinci dil olarak öğretiminde yazma becerisine ilişkin inançları ortaya konulmuştur.
Effect of Ginger and Garlic Marinates on Growth of Microbial Contaminants in Cold-Smoked Catfish (Clarius gariepinus) Stored at Room Condition
Authors: C. Ubadire-Agua , Ezeama C. F.  , Anyiam C. A.  , Nwanagba N. L.  , Anyiam C. C.
Published: September 2023

Aim: In this study, the preservative effect of potassium sorbate, ginger, garlic and a combination of ginger – garlic on the microbiological quality and shelf stability of cold-smoked Catfish (Clarius gariepinus) were investigated.

Methodology: A total of 100 fresh catfish from Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike (MOUAU)  Nigeria Fish Farm was used for the analysis. The fish were processed and divided into five lots of twenty each. This was followed by marinating in baths containing 0.5% potassium sorbate, 3% ginger, 3% garlic, and a mix of 1.5% ginger and 1.5% garlic each and a control for 2h. Afterwards, the treated fish was cold-smoked for 8 h and then stored at room temperature (28 ± 2°C). Fish samples were collected at 2-day intervals to determine total viable count, total fungal count, and bacterial counts (Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus sp, and Listeria sp.).

Results: Findings of this study revealed that potassium sorbate, ginger, garlic, and ginger-garlic blends enhanced the microbiological safety of cold–smoked Catfish (Clarius gariepius). The result showed that although counts of some microbial contaminants increased in the cold-smoked fish, however, it varied (p˂0.05) with the treatment during storage. Comparatively, 1.5% ginger - 1.5% garlic marinate was the most effective and performed considerably higher (p˂0.05) than 0.5% potassium sorbate in the reduction of the microbial contaminants. In this study, the lowest total viable counts were observed in the 3% ginger–treated cold smoked fish (8.7x105 cfu/g) while the untreated sample was the most contaminated (1.19 x 106 cfu/g) at pre-storage. A significant increase in the total viable count was observed in all the samples during storage however, 3% garlic recorded the least (1.13 x 106 to 2.84 x106 to 3.48x106 cfu/g) and the highest in the untreated sample (1.19 x 106 to 3.38 x 106 to 3.66x 106 cfu/g). Overall, 1.5%ginger+1.5%garlic blend was most effective on E. coli while 0.5% potassium sorbate was on Salmonella at ambient storage. Listeria monocytogenes was most susceptible to all the treatment, the growth of fungi steadily increased in the treated cold smoked fish during ambient storage.

Conclusion: The study found that 3% ginger, 3% garlic, 1.5% ginger - 1.5% garlic mixture inhibits significantly the growth of microbial contaminants relatively with 0.5% potassium sorbate in cold-smoked fish during ambient storage.
A Review on Sustainable Alternatives of Post Harvest Treatments in Fruits
Authors: Prashanth Kumar A.  , Ashwin Kumar B.
Published: September 2023

The fruit farming industry faces spoilage and disease after harvest, with Colletotrichum being the most common cause. Safer, more effective, biorational, and sustainable disease management are suggested. Plant-based essential oils (Eos) have synergistic antimicrobial, herbicide, insecticide, antioxidant, and fungicide properties that can fight agricultural fungi. Due to their negative effects on agroecosystems and public health, the OECD recommends a switch to sustainable food systems and synthetic fungicides. Essential oils are complex lipids from plants' secondary metabolism that are allelopathic, herbivorous, and phytopathogenic microorganism-protective. Their effects on bacteria and fungi include cell wall degradation, cytoplasmic and lipid membrane synthesis interference, lysis, cell death, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Essential oils were shown to treat postharvest diseases in apple cultivars and Penicillium spp., B. cinerea in strawberries and apples. Combining essential oils and non-toxic additives can control fruit postharvest fungal infections. Immersion, spraying, fumigation, and volatilization can be applied to fruit. Researchers suggest adding essential oils to edible or biodegradable films and coatings to extend fruit shelf life and reduce microorganism spoilage. Agriculture is promising with nanobiotechnologies that improve volatile compound stability, pesticide residual effects and Aedes aegypti adhesion and repellency. Further research is needed to determine nanomaterials' toxicity and environmental impact.
Determine the Correlation between Different Forms of Sulphur in Surface Soil of Ashoknagar District of MP
Authors: Morya Rahul , Trivedi S. K. , Yadav Shashi S. , Bhargava Anjali
Published: September 2023

Sulphur is one of the essential elements for plant growth. It is an important constituent of man,y enzymes and amino acids. Photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation are attributed to the type of sulphur linkage present. Sulphur has been found to help the synthesis of amino acids and hence increase the protein content of plants, boosting the oil content. Today, the Sulfur (S) research has extended to various soils, crops cropping systems and different sources of sulphur. Several soil factors influence the availability of sulphur and hence the status of different forms of sulphur in soil varies widely with soil types. Keeping in view, One hundred twenty-five GPS-based surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected from five blocks (Mungaoli, Chanderi, Ishagarh, Ashoknagar and Sadora) of Ashoknagar district from April to May 2017. Soils were studied for their physical and chemical characteristics and status of different forms of sulphur and their relationship with different soil properties.The different forms of sulphur, that is water soluble, available, organic and total-S were observed in the range of 1.23 – 7.67, 4.36 – 40.25, 89.08 – 194.53 and 167.45 – 422.20 mg kg-1 under different villages of the investigated area with the average value of 4.09, 14.68, 124.21 and 309.17 mg kg-1, respectively. Out of 125 surface samples, 36 samples (28.8%) were found under deficient, 72 (57.6%) under medium and 17 (13.6%) samples were found in sufficient category. The availability of sulphur increased with an increase in organic carbon and clay content in the soil. The correlation study revealed that organic carbon had a greater impact on different forms of sulphur followed by soil texture. It suggested that organic matter was the main contributing factor affecting the sulphur availability in soil. Total S maintained a significant positive association with all the forms of sulphur. Such a relationship suggests that sulphur exists in a state of dynamic equilibrium in these soils.
Study on Genetic Divergence Using D2 Analysis in Greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)
Authors: Nirmala Mounisha G.  , Lal Gaibriyal M. , Bara Bineeta M.
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the genetic variability parameters such as genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), heritability, genetic advance, as well as to study genetic divergence and identify suitable parents for divergence among 53 different Greengram genotypes, including one check variety. The experiment was conducted during the kharif 2022-2023 at the experimental farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology, and Sciences in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. A randomized block design with three replications was employed for the study. Thirteen characteristics were observed and recorded, which include: days to 50% flowering, days to 50% pod initiation, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, biological yield, harvest index, seed index and seed yield per plant. IPM-2-14 exhibited the highest mean performance in terms of seed yield per plant, followed by MGG-385, among all the genotypes. The PCV values were consistently higher than the corresponding GCV values for all traits, indicating the influence of environmental factors on trait expression. The number of pods per plant and number of clusters per plant recorded the highest GCV and PCV values. The number of pods per plant exhibited both high heritability and genetic advance. 53 genotypes were categorized into six clusters through D2 analysis. Cluster I had the maximum number of genotypes, the maximum intra cluster distance was observed in cluster IV, inter cluster distance between cluster III and was observed in cluster VI. The highest cluster mean was recorded by Cluster VI for plant height. The Percentage contribution of characters was maximum by seed yield per plant followed by the number of pods per plant and number of clusters per plant towards genetic divergence.
Statin Therapy and its Impact on Cognitive Functions in Elderly Patients: A Current Systematic Review
Authors: Samuels Kemar Anthony , Villatoro Antonia Lisseth Valle , Afzal Sumera , Rahman Farzana , Alam Benish , Rashid Atif , Fadeyibi Ifeoluwa Busayo , Amanze Ngozi , Isaac Tambi , Ballagan Jashanpreet Singh , Lawal Sefiyah , Osamede Agho , Humayun Ghulam Muhammad , Louise-Oluwasanmi Olusayo , Okunromade Omolola
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Statin therapy is a well-established treatment for cardiovascular disease, with potential implications for cognitive function. However, reports have been inconsistent regarding statin therapy's impact on cognitive function in elderly patients. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the current evidence relating to the cognitive effects of statin therapy in the elderly population.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, up to May 2023. Eligibility criteria included randomized controlled trials and observational studies involving elderly patients on statin therapy, with a focus on cognitive function outcomes. Studies were excluded if they did not provide comparative data for elderly patients not on statin therapy.

Results: Out of fourteen studies, representing a diverse population of 68,724 participants, the majority suggested a neutral or beneficial impact of statin use on cognitive function in the elderly population. For instance, a large-scale study involving patients with cardiovascular disease demonstrated no adverse cognitive effects following statin therapy. Another study involving hypertensive elderly patients indicated a possible protective role of statins against cognitive impairment. On the whole, the results were heterogenous, with no substantial evidence pointing towards a harmful effect of statins on cognitive health.

Conclusion: The review provides evidence that statin therapy does not appear to negatively impact cognitive functions in elderly patients. Rather, the findings lean toward a neutral or potentially protective effect. Considering the global prevalence of statin use, these findings should reassure clinicians and patients about the cognitive safety of these medications. However, given the importance of this issue, further large-scale studies are recommended to confirm these findings and further elucidate any potential cognitive benefits associated with statin therapy.
Comparative Eco-toxicological Effect of Corrosion Inhibitors on Aquatic Nitrogen Fixing Bacterium in Fresh and Brackish Water Ecosystem
Authors: Williams J. O. , Nrior R. R. , Gold E. C.
Published: September 2023

Aquatic nitrogen-fixing bacteria play a crucial role in maintaining the nitrogen cycle and supporting primary productivity in freshwater and brackish water ecosystems. The activities of oil and gas industries operating within the coastal region of PortHarcourt releases effluents that contain various chemicals including corrosion inhibitors into the aquatic environment which can significantly affect the aquatic organisms including the nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Hence, this study was aimed to determine the comparative eco-toxicological effect of corrosion inhibitors on aquatic nitrogen fixing bacterium (Nitrosomonas sp.) in Fresh and Brackish water ecosystem. Fresh water and brackish water samples were collected from Chokocho stream in Etche Local Government Area and Eagle Island Port Harcourt, all in Rivers State, Nigeria. Standard toxicity procedure was applied on rectangular cut-out crude oil pipeline metal (ME) coated with corrosion inhibitors: Ambercil (AMB) and X-PRO 99 inhibitor (XPRO) immersed in freshwater (FW) prepared at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% for Nitrosomons sp. These inhibitors were tested with Nitrosomonas sp. at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 24hrs separately for each toxicant. The median lethal concentration (LC50) was employed to compare the toxicities of the different toxicants on the test organisms. The result for percentage survival of Nitrosomonas sp decreased when exposed to various concentrations listed above for 24. The LC50 (%) result (noting, that the lower the LC50, the more toxic the toxicant): of Nitrosomonas sp decreased in the following order: FW + ME (85.5) > BW + ME (86.7) > Both FW + AMB & FW + XPRO (86.8) > BW + XPRO (87.9) > BW + ME + XPRO (89.1) > BW + AMB (89.7) > FW + ME + XPRO (94.9). The above results revealed that Nitrosomonas sp decreased in percentage survival with an increase in concentration. The result showed that the effluents of metals coated with corrosion inhibitors (ME + AMB & ME + XPRO) were more toxic to Nitrosomonas sp in brackish water than freshwater while the effluents of XPRO & AMB not coated on metals were more toxic in freshwater than in brackish water. In conclusion, corrosion inhibitors when coated on metals, AMB corrosion inhibitor was more toxic than XPRO corrosion inhibitors in brackish and freshwater. Based on the findings, the use of XPRO corrosion inhibitor should be a best option for coating crude oil pipeline due to its relative low toxicity in upstream sector of the Nigeria petroleum industry.
O dispositivo (des)atualizado
Authors: Fernandes de Carvalhaes Flávia , Francisco Mariana da Silva
Published: September 2023

O sistema sexo/gênero estabelece classificações que edificam perspectivas normativas e desviantes de masculinidade e feminilidade. O Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais 5ª edição (DSM-V) se insere nesse processo como um guia médico de doenças mentais que contém categorias patológicas relacionadas à parte das configurações de gênero. A partir da análise documental, esta pesquisa qualitativa problematiza como determinadas noções articuladas no capítulo “Disforia de Gênero” operam na (re)produção da lógica colonial dos gêneros ao demarcar e classificar configurações cisheteronormativas como normais e humanas, enquanto aquelas que desviam desta norma são tidas como anormais, patológicas, inviáveis. Conclui-se provisoriamente sobre a importância de desestabilizar “verdades” edificadas na colonialidade e garantir direitos para as minorias que se somam em multidões cuir.
El caminar de la palabra
Authors: Mostacilla Daniela Andrea , De Oliveira Ribeiro Elisa , Sabogal John Edison
Published: September 2023

El presente escrito contiene una reflexión sobre las vivencias y experiencias compartidas durante la reconstrucción de memorias del proceso de búsqueda liderado por Daniela Mostacilla. A lo largo del texto compartimos los diferentes momentos que se han tenido durante el proceso; los puntos de llegada, las descargas emocionales y personales que el proceso ha generado, la revisión de las autopercepciones desde lo personal hasta lo profesional, el empoderamiento de la mujer y su rol político y crítico, hasta proponer a manera de esbozo qué puede replicarse o adaptarse para otras experiencias. Reflexionamos sobre la metodología empleada durante este proceso, destacando su creatividad y flexibilidad. Adicionalmente, como proceso en curso, contemplamos posibilidades de incorporar otras herramientas metodológicas complementarias a la escritura, con el fin de trascender desde la reconstrucción de memorias como procesos de sanación.
ENTREVISTA: “Há um abismo do não escutar”
Authors: G. Siqueira Maria Fantinato
Published: September 2023

Ana Laide Soares Barbosa é educadora social junto a povos e comunidades tradicionais, membro do movimento Xingu Vivo, formada em etnodesenvolvimento / UFPA, e mestre no MESPT/UnB. Nascida e criada em território tradicional pesqueiro, bisneta de escravizados, neta de pescadores (as) e camponesas, filha de Francisco Sales - pescador - e Rosinete Soares - agricultura/professora.
Survival After Development of Contralateral Breast Cancer in Korean Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Kim Hakyoung , Yoon Tae In , Kim Seonok , Lee Sae Byul , Kim Jisun , Chung Il Yong , Ko Beom Seok , Lee Jong Won , Son Byung Ho , Gwark Sungchan , Kim Jeong Kyeung , Kim Hee Jeong
Published: September 2023

Importance

Contralateral breast cancer (CBC) is the most frequently diagnosed primary cancer in patients with breast cancer. Although many studies have reported survival after the development of CBC, results have been inconsistent.

Objective

To investigate whether the development of CBC is associated with survival among patients with breast cancer.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study was conducted at the Asan Medical Center, Korea, among patients who were diagnosed with primary unilateral, nonmetastatic, stage 0 to III breast cancer between 1999 and 2013 and followed up through 2018. The median (IQR) follow-up was 107 (75-143) months. Patients were categorized into CBC and no-CBC groups by whether they developed CBC during the follow-up period. Data were analyzed from November 2021 to March 2023.

Exposure

Development of CBC.

Main outcomes and measures

Survival rates of CBC and no-CBC groups were compared using a time-dependent Cox proportional hazard model in the entire study population and in subgroup analyses by interval of CBC development and subtype of the primary breast cancer.

Results

Among 16 251 patients with breast cancer (all Asian, specifically Korean; mean [SD] age, 48.61 [10.06] years), 418 patients developed CBC. There was no significant difference in overall survival between CBC and no-CBC groups (hazard ratio, 1.166; 95% CI, 0.820-1.657). Patients who developed CBC within 1.5 years after the surgery of the primary breast cancer had a higher risk for overall death during the study period (hazard ratio, 2.014; 95% CI, 1.044-3.886), and those who developed CBC after 1.5 years showed no significant difference in survival compared with the no-CBC group. Patients with hormone receptor (HR)–positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2, formerly HER2)–negative breast cancer had a higher risk for overall death in the CBC group (hazard ratio, 1.882; 95% CI, 1.143-3.098) compared with the no-CBC group.

Conclusions and Relevance

This study found that development of CBC in patients with breast cancer was not associated with survival but that early development of CBC after diagnosis of the primary breast cancer or development of CBC in patients with HR-positive/ERBB2-negative breast cancer was associated with survival. These results may provide valuable information for patients seeking advice on opting for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy.
Hearing Impairment and School Engagement Outcomes in US Children
Authors: Khalsa Inderpreet Kaur , Chan Dylan K.
Published: September 2023

Importance

Ensuring appropriate school engagement for deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) children in the US is important for improving their long-term outcomes as they grow into adults.

Objective

To examine the associations between hearing loss (HL), its sequelae (speech and/or language disorders, behavioral and/or conduct problems, and neuropsychiatric and/or learning disorders), and various school engagement measures among school-aged children in the US.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional study combined data from the nationally representative 2016-2021 National Survey of Children’s Health. A total of 155 178 randomly selected children (weighted, approximately 49 340 700 children) aged 6 to 17 years with a parent or caregiver who responded to an address-based survey by mail or online were included. All analyses were weighted to account for the probability of selection and nonresponse and to reflect population-based estimates representative of all noninstitutionalized school-aged US children and adolescents residing in housing units.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Diverse school engagement measures, including extracurricular participation in sports, clubs, paid work, volunteer work, and organized lessons, as well as educational performance variables, including missed school days, not caring about doing well in school, not doing required homework, grade repetition, and parent or guardian contacted by school.

Results

Of the estimated 49 340 700 children aged 6 to 17 years (41.1% aged 6-10 years; 51.1% male; 54.7% without underrepresented minority status), an estimated 1.4% (95% CI, 1.2%-1.5%) were reported by their parent or guardian to have deafness or hearing problems. Having DHH status was associated with significantly worse outcomes on 8 of 10 school engagement measures (eg, participation in sports: adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.75 [95% CI, 0.60-0.93]; missed school days: AOR, 2.98 [95% CI, 2.21-4.00]), even after adjustment for age, sex, underrepresented minority status, highest educational level of parent or guardian, federal poverty level of the household, and primary language in the household. Moreover, although subgroup analyses of DHH children with and without HL sequelae revealed significant differences (speech and/or language disorder: AOR, 5.83 [95% CI, 4.31-7.89]; behavioral and/or conduct problem: AOR, 2.75 [95% CI, 2.10-3.60]; neuropsychiatric and/or learning disorder: AOR, 3.06 [95% CI, 2.39-3.91]), HL sequelae only partially mediated the associations between these disparities.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cross-sectional study, DHH status itself may have been the primary factor directly associated with school engagement disparities. These findings suggest the need for greater emphasis on educational accommodations and support for hearing status itself, independent of the presence or absence of HL sequelae.
Dinaciclib synergizes with BH3 mimetics targeting BCL‐2 and BCL‐XL in multiple myeloma cell lines partially dependent on MCL‐1 and in plasma cells from patients
Authors: Beltrán‐Visiedo Manuel , Jiménez‐Alduán Nelia , Díez Rosana , Cuenca Marta , Benedi Andrea , Serrano‐Del Valle Alfonso , Azaceta Gemma , Palomera Luis , Peperzak Victor , Anel Alberto , Naval Javier , Marzo Isabel
Published: September 2023

A better understanding of multiple myeloma (MM) biology has led to the development of novel therapies. However, MM is still an incurable disease and new pharmacological strategies are needed. Dinaciclib, a multiple cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, which inhibits CDK1, 2, 5 and 9, displays significant antimyeloma activity as found in phase II clinical trials. In this study, we have explored the mechanism of dinaciclib‐induced death and evaluated its enhancement by different BH3 mimetics in MM cell lines as well as in plasma cells from MM patients. Our results indicate a synergistic effect of dinaciclib‐based combinations with B‐cell lymphoma 2 or B‐cell lymphoma extra‐large inhibitors, especially in MM cell lines with partial dependence on myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (MCL‐1). Simultaneous treatment with dinaciclib and BH3 mimetics ABT‐199 or A‐1155463 additionally showed a synergistic effect in plasma cells from MM patients, ex vivo. Altered MM cytogenetics did not affect dinaciclib response ex vivo, alone or in combined treatment, suggesting that these combinations could be a suitable therapeutic option for patients bearing cytogenetic alterations and poor prognosis. This work also opens the possibility to explore cyclin‐dependent kinase 9 inhibition as a targeted therapy in MM patients overexpressing or with high dependence on MCL‐1.
Fault‐tolerant secure H∞$$ H\infty $$ synchronization for complex networks with semi‐Markov jump topology
Authors: Qi Yunhan , Su Lei , Shen Hao
Published: September 2023

The article mainly studies the fault‐tolerant control of complex networks with semi‐Markov jump topology under hybrid attacks. First, the semi‐Markov process is imported to the topology change of sampled‐data complex networks. Second, by designing a strategy to resist mixed attacks, the system can remain stable even under mixed attacks. Then, some sufficient conditions have been established to guarantee performance through fault‐tolerant control mechanism even if it suffers from actuator failure. Finally, a numerical example and a practical example are used to prove the feasibility of the theory.
A High‐Resolution Versatile Focused Ion Implantation Platform for Nanoscale Engineering
Authors: Adshead Mason , Coke Maddison , Aresta Gianfranco , Bellew Allen , Lagator Matija , Li Kexue , Cui Yi , Cai Rongsheng , Almutawa Abdulwahab , Haigh Sarah J. , Moore Katie , Lockyer Nicholas , Gourlay Christopher M. , Curry Richard J.
Published: September 2023

The ability to spatially control and modify material properties on the nanoscale, including within nanoscale objects themselves, is a fundamental requirement for the development of advanced nanotechnologies. The development of a platform for nanoscale advanced materials engineering (P‐NAME) designed to meet this demand is demonstrated. P‐NAME delivers a high‐resolution focused ion beam system with a coincident scanning electron microscope and secondary electron detection of single‐ion implantation events. The isotopic mass‐resolution capability of the P‐NAME system for a wide range of ion species is demonstrated, offering access to the implantation of isotopes that are vital for nanomaterials engineering and nanofunctionalization. The performance of the isotopic mass selection is independently validated using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) for a number of species implanted into intrinsic silicon. The SIMS results are shown to be in good agreement with dynamic ion implantation simulations, demonstrating the validity of this simulation approach. The wider performance capabilities of P‐NAME, including sub‐10 nm ion beam imaging resolution and the ability to perform direct‐write ion beam doping and nanoscale ion lithography, are also demonstrated.
A Highly Sensitive and Long‐Term Stable Wearable Patch for Continuous Analysis of Biomarkers in Sweat
Authors: Lorestani Farnaz , Zhang Xianzhe , Abdullah Abu Musa , Xin Xin , Liu Yushen , Rahman Md Mashfiqur , Biswas Md Abu Sayeed , Li Bowen , Dutta Ankan , Niu Zhenyuan , Das Shuvendu , Barai Shishir , Wang Ke , Cheng Huanyu
Published: September 2023

Although increasing efforts have been devoted to the development of non‐invasive wearable electrochemical sweat sensors for monitoring physiological and metabolic information, most of them still suffer from poor stability and specificity over time and fluctuating temperatures. This study reports the design and fabrication of a long‐term stable and highly sensitive flexible electrochemical sensor based on nanocomposite‐modified porous graphene by facile laser treatment for detecting biomarkers such as glucose in sweat. The laser‐reduced and patterned stable conductive nanocomposite on the porous graphene electrode provides the resulting glucose sensor with an excellent sensitivity of 1317.69 µA mm−1 cm−2 and an ultra‐low limit of detection of 0.079 µm. The sensor can also detect pH and exhibit extraordinary stability to maintain more than 91% sensitivity over 21 days in ambient conditions. Taken together with a temperature sensor based on the same material system, the dual glucose and pH sensor integrated with a flexible microfluidic sweat sampling network further results in accurate continuous on‐body glucose detection calibrated by the simultaneously measured pH and temperature. The low‐cost, highly sensitive, and long‐term stable platform could facilitate the early identification and continuous monitoring of different biomarkers for non‐invasive disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation.