bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EKSISTENSI PERATURAN DAERAH DALAM NEGARA HUKUM REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Rabu Rabu , Malau Parningotan , Maileni Dwi Afni
Published: May 2023

Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan adalah proses pembuatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan yang pada dasarnya dimulai dari perencanaan, persiapan, teknik penyusunan, perumusan, pembahasan, pengesahan, pengundangan dan penyebarluasan. Dalam Naskah Akademis ini akan menjelaskan berbagai justifikasi dan berbagai usulan pengaturan bagi perubahan Undang-undang Nomor 10 tahun 2004 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan dengan Undang-undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011. Pelaksanaan Undang-undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan dalam praktek masih ditemukan beberapa permasalahan yang perlu di sempurnakan untuk menciptakan sistim pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan yang lebih baik. Peraturan Perundang-undangan adalah peraturan tertulis yang memuat norma hukum yang mengikat secara umum dan dibentuk oleh lembaga negara atau pejabat yang berwenang. Peraturan Perundang-undangan merupakan instrument hukum yang sangat strategis untuk mengatur kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Peraturan Perundang-undangan yang mengikat secara umum mengakibatkan masyarakat tidak mempunyai pilihan lain, selain mentaati atau mematuhi peraturan tersebut termasuk peraturan daerah yang di amanatkan UUD 1945.
UPAYA KEPOLISIAN DALAM MENGUNGKAP TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA JARINGAN BATAM-TEMBILAHAN-PALEMBANG (Study Pada Satuan Resnarkoba Polresta Barelang)
Authors: Panjiwinata David Iwan , Rahmanidar Rahmanidar
Published: May 2023

Penyalahgunaan narkotika adalah musuh bersama yang dapat merusak generasi bangsa, karena itu upaya penanggulangannya harus dilakukan secara bersama-sama oleh pemerintah dan masyarakat. Disamping menanggulangi penyalahgunaan narkotika terhadap para pemakai, persoalan yang paling penting lainnya yang dihadapi bangsa kita saat ini yaitu tentang perdagangan gelap narkotika dan penyelundupan narkoba oleh jaringan sindikat narkotika Nasional maupun sindikat narkotika Internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti bagaimana Upaya Kepolisian  Satuan Reskrim Narkoba Polresta Barelang dalam mengungkap tindak pidana narkotika jaringan Batam-Tembilahan-Palembang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum empiris, tempat penelitian adalah pada Satuan Reskrim Narkoba Polresta Barelang, Disamping itu juga dilakukan penelitian kepustakaan. Satres Narkoba Polresta Barelang berhasil mengungkap tindak pidana peredaran narkotika jaringan Batam-Tembilahan-Palembang dengan menangkap pelaku B Bin S dkk denagn jumlah sabu-sabu yang diamankan kurang lebih sebanyak 11,8 Kg dilaksanakan pada hari Rabu tanggal 26 Agustus 2020.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PERAN PENGAWASAN DAN UPAYA BAKAMLA REPUBLIK INDONESIA DALAM PENANGANAN TINDAK PIDANA PERIKANAN (STUDI PENELITIAN KANTOR KAMLA ZONA MARITIM BARAT KOTA BATAM)
Authors: Yolanda Yudha , Nurkhotijah Siti , Fadjriani Lia
Published: May 2023

Dalam Analisis Yuridis Peran Pengawasan Pengawasan Dan Upaya Bakamla RI Dalam Tindak Pidana Perikanan (Studi Penelitian Kantor KAMLA Zona Maritim Barat Kota Batam) bertujuan untuk membahas pengaturan hukum terhadap peran pengawasan dan upaya Bakamla RI Dalam penanganan tindak pidana perikanan sumber daya kelautan dan perikanan (Studi penelitian Kantor KAMLA Zona Maritim Barat Kota Batam)  dan Implementasi, faktor kendala dan solusi peran pengawasan sumber daya kelautan dan perikanan .Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Analisis Yuridis Peran Pengawasan dan Upaya Bakamla RI Dalam Penanganan Tindak Pidana Perikanan, serta mengetahui zona-zona Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia yang terbagi menjadi tiga zona . Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan normatif (legal research) berupa buku-buku, kamus-kamus, perundang-undangan dan bahan pustaka lainya  untuk memperoleh data sekunder dan metode pedekatan empiris (yuridis sosiologis), untuk memperoleh  data primer melalui penelitian lapangan (field research).Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada UU 32 tahun 2014 tentang Kelautan  menggantikan dan mencabut UU 6 tahun 1996 tentang Perairan Indonesia. Undang-Undang Kelautan saat ini memiliki aturan pelaksanaan dibawahnya seperti Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 32 tahun 2019 tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Laut.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM DALAM PELAYANAN INFORMED CONSENT PADA PROFESI DOKTER
Authors: Bhakti Rizki Tri Anugrah , Artanto Tri
Published: May 2023

Informed consent bertujuan tidak hanya untuk melindungi pasien dari kesewenangan dokter, tetapi juga diperlukan untuk melindungi dokter  dari kesewenangan pasien yang melanggar batas-batas hukum dan perundang-undangan. Kasus terjadinya konflik antara pasien dengan dokter sudah banyak terjadi dimasyarakat. Masing-masing berpegang pada keyakinan mengenai kebenaran, sehingga dengan informed consent dapat diketahui bahwa terdapat keseimbangan yang ingin dicapai baik bagi dokter maupun pasien serta hubungan hukum  antara dokter dengan pasien. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pengaturan kewajiban dokter terhadap informed consent dalam praktik kedokteran. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaturan kewajiban dokter terhadap informed consent dalam praktik kedokteran untuk mewujudkan perlindungan hukum terhadap pasien. Hasil penelitian bahwa pengaturan mengenai persetujuan tindakan medik berawal dari hubungan dokter dan pasien yang bersifat paternalistic terdapat pada Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI nomor 585/Menkes/Per/IX/1989 sebagaimana telah diperbarui dengan Permenkes nomor 290/Menkes/Per/III/2008, Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 Tentang Praktik Kedokteran, serta Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 32 Tahun 1996 Tentang Tenaga Kesehatan.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP STATUS DAN KEWENANGAN BADAN PENGUSAHAAN KAWASAN PERDAGANGAN BEBAS DAN PELABUHAN BEBAS BERDASARKAN UNDANG- UNDANG NOMOR 36 TAHUN 2000 DI KABUPATEN KARIMUN
Authors: Yulisa Putri Dwi , Azmir Murza
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh pengamatan penulis tentang lembaga non struktural badan pengusahaan kawasan perdagangan bebas dan pelabuhan bebas di Kabupaten Karimun dalam peraturan perundang-undangan nomor 36 tahun 2000 yaitu membahas tentang dualisme kepemimpinan antara pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah di Kabupaten Karimun. Masalah pokok dari penelitian ini yang pertama bagaimana tinjauan terhadap setatus dan kewenangan badan pengusahaan kawasan perdagangan bebas dan pelabuhan bebas berdasarkan undang –undang nomor 36 tahun 2000 di kabupaten Karimun. Dan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tinjauan terhadap setatus dan kewenangan badan pengusahaan kawasan perdagangan bebas dan pelabuhan bebas berdasarkan undang –undang nomor 36 tahun 2000 di kabupaten Karimun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian dilakukan dengan jenis penelitian hukum sosiologis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menemukan dengan adanya penetapan kawasan perdagangan bebas dan pelabuhan bebas karimun berdasarkan undang-undang No. 36 Tahun 2000 bertentang dengan undang-undang dasar 1945 pasal 18 ayat 2. Seharusnya pemerintah daerah kabupaten karimun mempunyai wewenang atas daerahnya sendiri tetapi dengan adanya pembentukan kawasan perdagangan bebas pelabuhan bebas atau Free Trade Zone (FTZ) karimun pemerintah daerah tidak bisa menguasai daerahnya sendiri berdasarkan asas otonomi daerah. Namun yang terjadi adalah dengan adanya Badan Pengusahaan Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas dan Pelabuhan Bebas atau Free Trade Zone (FTZ) Karimun, membuat seolah-olah ada dua pemerintahan. Padahal sejatinya harus hanya ada satu pemerintahan disebuah kota. Dengan adanya tafsir demikian, mengakibatkan pembangunan Karimun tidak optimal. Situasi ini menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dan memperlambat pembangunan. karena ada tumpang tindih kewenangan untuk mengatur satu wilayah.
Odontoma complexo em erupção ocasionando infecção em região posterior de maxila: relato de caso
Authors: Melo Radamés Bezerra , Moraes Raíssa Pinheiro , Vasconcelos Ricardo Anderson de Oliveira , Sá Alexandre Oliveira , Azevedo Sara Rodrigues , Mendonça Francisco Caio Nunes , Crispim Isaac Carvalho
Published: May 2023

O odontoma é o tipo mais comum de tumor odontogênico, costuma se formar nos maxilares durante o desenvolvimento dos dentes, sendo classificado em odontoma composto e complexo. O odontoma complexo ocorre com maior frequência em molares inferiores, provocando na sua maioria, impactação de elementos permanentes, podendo ser descobertos por uma ação investigativa originária da não erupção dentária, exames radiográficos ou por edema, dor, trismo decorrente de uma infecção odontogênica. Objetivo: Esse trabalho consiste em demonstrar um caso clínico de odontoma complexo infectado em paciente jovem, do sexo masculino. Como conduta, optou-se por um tratamento cirúrgico removendo todo o tumor e o elemento dentário 27 que estava impactado e com raízes dilaceradas, a hipótese diagnostica foi confirmada, e a cirurgia eliminou o foco de infecção, gerando a resolução do caso. Considerações finais: Casos de odontomas em erupção e infectados são raros, e quando ocorrem causam grande incomodo ao paciente, devendo ter por parte do cirurgião, ação cirúrgica rápida e resolutiva, tendo em vista estar diante de uma urgência.
Analisa Perancangan Sistem Ujian Online pada Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Universitas Islam Malang Berbasis Standard ISO 9126
Authors: Murtaqi Ahmad , Alawiy M. Taqiyyuddin , Badri Fawaidul
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) Perancangan dan pembuatan sistem pengujian online Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Islam Malang, (2) Kualitas dan portabilitas alat pengujian online berdasarkan standar ISO 9126 ditinjau dari fungsionalitas, efisiensi, kemudahan penggunaan, dan keandalan. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Proses perancangan perangkat lunak mempergunakan diagram konteks. Fase pengembangan terdiri dari fase analisa kebutuhan, desain, implementasi, dan pengujian. Jumlah peserta penelitian sebanyak 33 orang mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Islam Malang dan 3 ahli web. Metode pengumpulan data untuk variabel fungsional dan kegunaan ahli media menggunakan metode survei. Sumber data uji keandalan menggunakan pengujian kinerja sistem web (WAPT), dan pengujian portabilitas mempergunakan browser-browser web. Analisa data untuk penelitian ini mempergunakan analisa deskriptif dan pengujian kualitas dari sistem ujian online seusai standard ISO 9126.
SISTEM MONITORING KESEHATAN AIR DENGAN CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER
Authors: Syahtika Rizky Ayu , Sulistiyanto
Published: May 2023

Air merupakan kebutuhan yang diperlukan oleh makhluk hidup, khususnya manusia. Kebutuhan manusia akan air meliputi mencuci, memasak, mandi, dan lain sebagainya. Demikian pula dengan makhluk hidup lainnya. Dalam hal ini air limbah yang dibuang kesungai akan di aliri oleh sistem biologis didalam maupun diluarsaluran air akan mengganggu makhluk hidup tersebut. Ini akan mempengaruhi pekerja yang pekerjaannya menangkap ikan tersebut akan terganggu perekonomiannya.selain untuk mencegah pencemaran di sungai dengan penjernih air ini, akan menambah persediaan air bersih, khususnya pada masyarakat yang hidup di pedesaan.Â  Â Masih banyak daerah yang belum mendapatkan air dari PDAM, oleh karena itu masyarakat masyarakat berusaha membuat sumur bor buatan sendiri. Meski demikian, tidak semuanya mampu untuk membuat sumur bor sendiri. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu teknologi yang dapat mendeteksi dan menjernihkan kekeruhan air untuk air yang digunakan masyarakat sehari-hari. Masyarakat dapat melihat apakah air tersebut layak untuk digunakan atau tidak. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang Sistem Monitoring Kesehatan Air Dengan Constructed Wetlands Berbasis Mikrokontroler. Sistem kontrol yang digunakan mikrokontroller arduino uno dan aplikasi Blynk. Perancangan sistem ini meliputi perancangan hardware dan perancangan software untuk koneksi dengan aplikasi Blynk. Sistem ini dirancang menggunakan konsep internet of things dan dibuat menggunakan sensor TDS, sensor pH, , Arduino Uno, relay 4 Channel, dan pompa. Kemudian hasil data yang hasilkan oleh sensor akan ditampilkan di aplikasi Blynk. Hasil penelitian ini dapat mengontrol dan memonitoring nilai kekeruhan air, pH air dan temperatur air yang ada di bak penyimpanan air.Kata kunci : sensor pH, sensor turbidity, Arduino Nano, dan ESP32.
Robot Mobil Pintar Ardiuno Kontrol Dengan Bluetooth Smartphone
Authors: Laksono Arief Budi , Putra Hayatu Abdillah
Published: May 2023

Mungkin banyak orang beranggapan bahwa membuat robot memerlukan biaya yang mahal dan tingkat kerumitan yang tinggi.Â  Akan tetapi sekarang ini membuat robot itu bisa dilakukan dengan siapa saja dan dimana saja , dari anak-anak sampai orang dewasa. Banyak software open source yang sudah dikembangkan dan alat-alat yang sangat murah dan mudah didapatkan di market place yang ada sekarang ini.Mikrokontroller Arduino Uno ATMEGA328 yang digunakan sebagai kontrol utama dan aplikasi Bluetooth RC Controller sebagai tampilan pada Smartphone yang dapat mengontrol pergerakan arah dan kecepatan pada robot car ini. Robot ini dilengkapi dengan modul Bluetooth HC-05 yang harus dikoneksikan terlebih dengan smartphone penulis agar dapat terkoneksi atau terhubung. Selanjutnya robot car ini dapat dikontrol melalui data yang dikirim dari aplikasiÂ  ke driver motor L298N yang sudah diprogram pada Arduino. Sehingga dapat mengatur arah maju, mundur, kekanan, kekiri dan juga pengaturan kecepatan robot ini saat berjalan.Penggunaan baterai Li 18650 ini sangat membantu dalam menyuplai tegangan maupun daya pada projek ini, dikarenakan ketika baterai sudah habis maka dapat dilakukan pengisian atau cas ulang sehingga dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dalam pembuatan robot car ini. Akhir dari program yaitu mengambil kesimpulan setelah alat ini selesai diujikan.
MENILIK PENGUASAAN TANAH PEMUKIMAN RUMAH PELANTAR DI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN ANAMBAS
Authors: Khumara Gansar , Mujiburohman Dian Aries
Published: May 2023

Penguasaan tanah merupakan aspek utama dalam kepemilikan lahan. Tak diragukan lagi, semua orang ingin memperjuangkan hak atas tanah terhadap lahan yang dimilikinya. Tak terkecuali para nelayan yang bermukim di kawasan rumah pelantar di beberapa wilayah Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, salah satunya Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas. Dikarenakan rumah yang mereka tempati tersebut dibangun diatas air, maka timbul ketidakjelasan status penguasaan yang mereka miliki. Lantaran bukti kepemilikan yang dimiliki oleh para nelayan tersebut hanya sebatas berdasar kepada alas hak yang dikeluarkan oleh Kantor Desa Tempata. Maksud dari penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana perlakuan yang diberikan terhadap wilayah pemukiman pelantar yang berdiri diatas permukaan air dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk kemudian dianalisis secara induktif. Kesimpulan dari artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil yang didapat oleh para nelayan dan juga sebagian masyarakat adat yang menghuni kawasan pemukiman pelantar bisa mempunyai hak atas tanah yang diterbitkan oleh kantor pertanahan yang ada di Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, hal ini dilakukan demi terciptanya kepastian hukum yang sah dan berlaku.
PEBANDINGAN IMPLEMENTASI E-GOVERNMENT DI INDONESIA DENGAN SINGAPURA (STUDI KASUS PELAKSANAAN E-GOVERNMENT)
Authors: Khoiriyanti Dwi
Published: May 2023

Artikel ini dibuat untuk membandingan implementasi e-government di Indonesia dengan Singapura. Penelitian ini berfokus pada perbandingan e-government yang berbentuk website. Website Indonesia yaitu (www.Indonesia.go.id) dengan website yang ada pada Singapura yaitu (www.gov.sg). Pengumpulan data ini dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan dan metode pengumpulan data dengan mengambil data ke perpustakaan dan mengolah bahan penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah implementasi e-government di era revolusi industri saat ini berdampak besar terhadap implementasi pemerintahan. Dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan disetiap negara memiliki formulanya tersendiri yang dimana untuk mencapai dengan melalui Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK). Di Indonesia dan Singapura penerapan e-government dapat dilihat dari penerapan masing-masing daerah dalam penggunaan e-government baik dalam pengendalian internal pemerintahan maupun menginformasikan kepada masyarakat luas.
Kata Kunci: E-government, Implementasi, Indonesia, Singapura
COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE DALAM MENGATASI MASALAH LINGKUNGAN DI KELURAHAN MARGASRI, KECAMATAN KARAWACI, KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Puri Rekha Silvia , Murodi Ahmad , Kurniawan Irvan Arif
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses collaborative governance dalam permasalahan lingkungan di Kelurahan Margasari, Kecamatan Karawaci Kota Tangerang, dan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang menghambat dalam proses collaborative governace ini. Penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif dengan mengunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data yaitu dengan cara observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif deskritif. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah para aktor yang terlibat diantaranya yaitu, para aparatur desa yang di dalamnya  yaitu ketua RT, ketua RW, dan Lurah, serta perwakilan dari instansi pemerintah yang terlibat dalam mengatasi masalah lingkungan ini, seperti Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Tangerang yang berkolaborasi untuk kerja sama dalam mengatasi masalah lingkungan ini. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa adanya pertemuan secara tatap muka atau diskusi dengan pihak-pihak terkait serta pemangku kepentingan untuk membicarakan bagaimana kedepannya agar program ini dapat berjalan, bagaimana progres selanjutnya, rencana-rencana apa yang ingin diwujudkan ditahap selanjutnya untuk mencapai tujuan bersama, proses dalam pencapaian komitmen, pemahaman antar aktor dan pihak terkait, serta pencapaian hasil sementara terkait masalah lingkungan di Kelurahan Margasari, Kecamatan Karawaci Kota Tangerang ini.
Haunting the ‘Proper Body’: Disability, Contagion, and Citizenship in Irish and Scottish Novels of the Union
Authors: Reznicek Matthew L.
Published: May 2023

The national tales of Maria Edgeworth and Walter Scott function by enforcing the normalcy of the bounded, self-reliant body through the gothic representation of the disabled body as threatening to undo, dissolve, or haunt the ‘normal’ body and its body politic. Whether through the exclusion of physically disabled characters or through the containment of the threat of ‘performance’ of mental disability, the National Tale reveals the instability of the distinction between able-bodied and disabled. The gothicized threat of disability in the national tale reveals the awkward constructedness of the space between dis- and abled. By reading these Romantic national tales through the relationship between deformity and citizenship, the exclusion of improper bodies not only conveys gothic anxieties over bodily ability, but also constructs a national community that enforces corporeal normalcy. Ultimately, the national tale reveals the capacity of the newly-formed state to condition citizenship upon a shifting concept of bodily normalcy in a way that will continue to shape and haunt the body politic long after the Romantic period.
Akademisyenlerin koronavirüs kaygı düzeyinin akademisyenliğe yabancılaşmaya etkisi üzerine bir araştırma
Authors: NUR Erkan , KÜÇÜK Ferit
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, akademisyenlerin koronavirüs kaygı düzeyinin mesleklerine yabancılaşmaya olan etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Harran Üniversitesinde farklı unvanlarda görev yapan, 224 akademisyen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma için ihtiyaç duyulan veriler, yüz yüze ve online anket tekniği ve kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile toplanmış olup elde edilen veriler, SPSS paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda, Pearson korelasyon analizi, hata terimleri arasında otokorelasyon olup olmadığını belirlemek amacıyla, Durbin Watson testi analizi ve öne sürülen hipotezleri test etmek için regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda koronavirüs kaygı düzeyinin, akademisyenliğe yabancılaşma alt boyutlarından bilimsel araştırmaya yabancılaşma, yalıtılmışlık ve güçsüzlük üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilirken kendine yabancılaşma ve öğretime yabancılaşma üzerinde ise herhangi bir anlamlı etkisi bulunamamıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, literatür çerçevesinde tartışılmış ve bu doğrultuda öneriler sunulmuştur.
Adenovirus-associated anti-miRNA-214 regulates bone metabolism and prevents local osteoporosis in rats
Authors: Wang Cheng , Wang Peng , Li Feng , Li Yang , Zhao Minwei , Feng Hui , Meng Haoye , Li Junyang , Shi Peng , Peng Jiang , Tian Hua
Published: May 2023

Objective: We investigated the expression of miRNA-214 in human osteoporotic bone tissue and tested the utility of adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing a miRNA-214 inhibitor in terms of preventing local osteoporosis of the femoral condyle in a rat model of osteoporosis.

Methods: (1) Femoral heads of patients who underwent hip replacements at our hospital because of femoral neck fractures were collected and divided into osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis groups based on preoperative bone mineral density data. MiRNA-214 expression was detected in bone tissues exhibiting obvious bone microstructural changes in the two groups. (2) A total of 144 SD female rats were divided into four groups: the Control, Model, Negative control (Model + AAV), and Experimental (Model + anti-miRNA-214) groups. AAV-anti-miRNA-214 was injected locally into the rat femoral condyles; we explored whether this prevented or treated local osteoporosis.

Results: (1) MiRNA-214 expression in the human femoral head was significantly increased in the osteoporosis group. (2) Compared to the Model and Model + AAV groups, the bone mineral density (BMD) and femoral condyle bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) ratio in the Model + anti-miRNA-214 group were significantly higher; in addition, the number (TB.N) and thickness (TB.Th) of the trabecular bones were increased (all p < 0.05). MiRNA-214 expression in the femoral condyles of the Model + anti-miRNA-214 group was significantly higher than that in the other groups. The expression levels of the osteogenesis-related genes Alp, Bglap, and Col1α1 increased, while those of the osteoclast-related genes NFATc1, Acp5, Ctsk, Mmp9, and Clcn7 decreased.

Conclusion: AAV-anti-miRNA-214 promoted osteoblast activity and inhibited osteoclast activity in the femoral condyles of osteoporotic rats, improving bone metabolism and slowing osteoporosis progression.
Evolution process of the Yinduba paleolandslide-dammed lake in the upper Jinsha River, SE Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Xu Hui , Chen Jian , Chen Ruichen , Cui Zhijiu , Mi Dongdong , Shi Lulu
Published: May 2023

Based on field investigation, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and sedimentary analyses, this research shows that the Yinduba paleolandslide-dammed lake (PDL) was formed by a catastrophic rock avalanche damming Jinsha River before 74 ka ago. According to the blocked ancient riverbed, the lake depth was determined about 110 m and the corresponding lake length was about 22 km when the lake level reached the peak. Geomorphologic features of lacustrine terraces at Yinduba and river terraces on the residual dam body and OSL dating results indicate that Yinduba PDL is a dammed lake with multi-stage outbursts. Following the peak, due to the multi-stage breaching of the dam body, the lake level experienced two major drops until the dam breached entirely after 36 ka. The large dam size, special sedimentary structure, and semi-arid climate contribute to the long life of Yinduba PDL, which existed for approximately 38,000 years from its formation to its extinction. This study supports the possibility of a large landslide-dammed lake having the life span of up to tens of millennia, and provides new evidence regarding the evolutionary history of a dammed lake.
Transformational educational leaders inspire school educators’ commitment
Authors: Kareem Jacqueline , Patrick Harold Andrew , Prabakaran Nepoleon , B Valarmathi , Tantia Veerta , M. P. M. Pramod Kumar , Mukherjee Ujjal
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Transformational school leaders play an important role in promoting educational innovation and restructuring by creating a vision for the future, building a culture of collaboration, and empowering others to become leaders themselves. Through their leadership style, they inspire and motivate others to work towards a common goal, leading to positive change and growth within the educational system. The aim of this study is to measure the impact of transformational leadership on various types of commitment that school teachers have in Bengaluru, India.

Methods

A survey was conducted using standardised instruments to measure the leadership style of principals and personal commitment of teachers. The data was collected from 1,173 school teachers through a questionnaire and analysed using SPSS V23 statistical software.

Results

The study found that transformational leadership had a significant impact on the different types of commitment that teachers possess in school education. The three domains of commitment - commitment towards the institution, student development, and self-development - were positively influenced by transformational leadership.

Discussion

Transformational school leaders play an important role in promoting educational innovation and restructuring by creating a vision for the future, building a culture of collaboration, and empowering others to become leaders themselves. This study provides evidence that transformational leadership has a positive impact on different types of commitment among school teachers in Bengaluru, India. Leaders of school management are advised to take into account the three domains of commitment of their teachers to facilitate organisational learning through more integrative methods.
Insights from 25 years of oncogenetics: one person’s perspective
Authors: Friedman Eitan
Published: May 2023

In early 1995, I established the oncogenetics service at the Genetics Institute of the Sheba Medical Center in Israel. The purpose of this article is to describe the key points and issues that were raised throughout my personal journey since then: physician and public awareness; ethical and legal issues; guidelines for oncogenetic counseling; the development of oncogenetic testing within the unique Israeli reality of the limited spectrum of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations; high-risk vs. population screening; and the definition and implementation of guidelines for surveillance of asymptomatic mutation carriers. Since 1995, oncogenetics has been transformed from a rare oddity to a pivotal player, and it represents a successful example of implementing personalized preventive medicine by identifying and providing care and by offering means for early detection and risk reduction for adults who are genetically predisposed to develop a potentially life-threatening disease—cancer in this case. Lastly, I outline my personal vision for the possible way forward for oncogenetics.
Effect of fluvalinate on the expression profile of circular RNA in brain tissue of Apis mellifera ligustica workers
Authors: Xueqing Shan , Delong Lou , Guizhi Wang , Yunhan Fan , Liuxu Yang , Tianle Chao
Published: May 2023

Fluvalinate is widely used in apiculture as an acaricide for removing Varroa mites, but there have been growing concerns about the negative effects of fluvalinate on honeybees in recent years. Previous research revealed changes in the miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of Apis mellifera ligustica brain tissues during fluvalinate exposure, as well as key genes and pathways. The role of circRNAs in this process, however, is unknown. The goal of this study was to discover the fluvalinate-induced changes in circular RNA (circRNA) expression profiles of brain tissue of A. mellifera ligustica workers. A total of 10,780 circRNAs were detected in A. mellifera ligustica brain tissue, of which eight were differentially expressed between at least two of the four time periods before and after fluvalinate administration, and six circRNAs were experimentally verified to be structurally correct, and their expression patterns were consistent with transcriptome sequencing results. Furthermore, ceRNA analysis revealed that five differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) (novel_circ_012139, novel_circ_011690, novel_circ_002628, novel_circ_004765, and novel_circ_010008) were primarily involved in apoptosis-related functions by competitive binding with miRNAs. This study discovered changes in the circRNA expression profile of A. mellifera ligustica brain tissue caused by fluvalinate exposure, and it provides a useful reference for the biological function study of circRNAs in A. mellifera ligustica.
Norbergenin prevents LPS-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages through inhibiting NFκB, MAPK and STAT3 activation and blocking metabolic reprogramming
Authors: Li Wan , Cai Zhengnan , Schindler Florian , Bahiraii Sheyda , Brenner Martin , Heiss Elke H. , Weckwerth Wolfram
Published: May 2023

Inflammation is thought to be a key cause of many chronic diseases and cancer. However, current therapeutic agents to control inflammation have limited long-term use potential due to various side-effects. This study aimed to examine the preventive effects of norbergenin, a constituent of traditional anti-inflammatory recipes, on LPS-induced proinflammatory signaling in macrophages and elucidate the underlying mechanisms by integrative metabolomics and shotgun label-free quantitative proteomics platforms. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry, we identified and quantified nearly 3000 proteins across all samples in each dataset. To interpret these datasets, we exploited the differentially expressed proteins and conducted statistical analyses. Accordingly, we found that LPS-induced production of NO, IL1β, TNFα, IL6 and iNOS in macrophages was alleviated by norbergenin via suppressed activation of TLR2 mediated NFκB, MAPKs and STAT3 signaling pathways. In addition, norbergenin was capable of overcoming LPS-triggered metabolic reprogramming in macrophages and restrained the facilitated glycolysis, promoted OXPHOS, and restored the aberrant metabolites within the TCA cycle. This is linked to its modulation of metabolic enzymes to support its anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, our results uncover that norbergenin regulates inflammatory signaling cascades and metabolic reprogramming in LPS stimulated macrophages to exert its anti-inflammatory potential.
Understanding preclinical and clinical immunogenicity risks in novel biotherapeutics development
Authors: Sauna Zuben E. , Jawa Vibha , Balu-Iyer Sathy , Chirmule Narendra
Published: May 2023

Immunogenicity continues to pose a challenge in the development of biotherapeutics like conventional therapeutic-proteins and monoclonal antibodies as well as emerging modalities such as gene-therapy components, gene editing, and CAR T cells. The approval of any therapeutic is based on a benefit-risk evaluation. Most biotherapeutics address serious medical conditions where the standard of care has a poor outcome. Consequently, even if immunogenicity limits the utility of the therapeutic in a sub-set of patients, the benefit-risk assessment skews in favor of approval. Some cases resulted in the discontinuation of biotherapeutics due to immunogenicity during drug development processes, This special issue presents a platform for review articles offering a critical assessment of accumulated knowledge as well as novel findings related to nonclinical risks that extend our understanding of the immunogenicity of biotherapeutics. Some of the studies in this collection leveraged assays and methodologies refined over decades to support more clinically relevant biological samples. Others have applied rapidly advancing methodologies in pathway-specific analyses to immunogenicity. Similarly, the reviews address urgent issues such as the rapidly emerging cell and gene therapies which hold immense promise but could have limited reach as a significant number of the patient population could potentially not benefit due to immunogenicity. In addition to summarizing the work presented in this special issue we have endeavored to identify areas where additional studies are required to understand the risks of immunogenicity and develop appropriate mitigation strategies.
The chemokine landscape: one system multiple shades
Authors: Cecchinato Valentina , Martini Veronica , Pirani Edisa , Ghovehoud Elaheh , Uguccioni Mariagrazia
Published: May 2023

Leukocyte trafficking is mainly governed by chemokines, chemotactic cytokines, which can be concomitantly produced in tissues during homeostatic conditions or inflammation. After the discovery and characterization of the individual chemokines, we and others have shown that they present additional properties. The first discoveries demonstrated that some chemokines act as natural antagonists on chemokine receptors, and prevent infiltration of leukocyte subsets in tissues. Later on it was shown that they can exert a repulsive effect on selective cell types, or synergize with other chemokines and inflammatory mediators to enhance chemokine receptors activities. The relevance of the fine-tuning modulation has been demonstrated in vivo in a multitude of processes, spanning from chronic inflammation to tissue regeneration, while its role in the tumor microenvironment needs further investigation. Moreover, naturally occurring autoantibodies targeting chemokines were found in tumors and autoimmune diseases. More recently in SARS-CoV-2 infection, the presence of several autoantibodies neutralizing chemokine activities distinguished disease severity, and they were shown to be beneficial, protecting from long-term sequelae. Here, we review the additional properties of chemokines that influence cell recruitment and activities. We believe these features need to be taken into account when designing novel therapeutic strategies targeting immunological disorders.
Sources and sinks of N2O in the subtropical Jiulong River Estuary, Southeast China
Authors: Li Yuhong , Luo Yang , Liu Jian , Ye Wangwang , Zhang Jiexia , Zhan Liyang
Published: May 2023

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is one of the most important greenhouse gases and contributes to the depletion of ozone in the stratosphere. Estuaries are areas of intensive biological production and associated N2O emissions through both denitrification and nitrification processes. The spatial and temporal variations of N2O in the Jiulong River Estuary, a subtropical estuary, were explored to evaluate sources and sinks of N2O in this area. The estuary was found to be a strong source of N2O, its saturation in the surface water ranged from 113 to 2926% relative to the ambient atmospheric concentrations, showing great temporal and spatial variations and was influenced by multiple factors such as the concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN, i.e., NO3−,NH4+, and NO2−), salinity and dissolved oxygen. N2O concentrations were at a high level in upper estuary but reduced to the lower parts of the estuary. Groundwater input could be another contributor to N2O in the estuary. Almost all N2O within the estuary was released into the atmosphere rather than being transported to the bay. The N2O flux in the estuary (mean 597 μmol/m2/d) was at the higher end of the range observed in estuaries worldwide due to the very high DIN loads in the Jiulong River Estuary. Our data indicate that the N2O saturation in the estuary continues to increase, although the DIN inputs began to decline in 2011, which might be relate to the improved environmental conditions with increased oxygen concentrations. N2O production pathways have changed from predominantly denitrification in the past toward significant production from nitrification in the present. Further investigation is needed to better understand the behavior of N2O in the Jiulong River Estuary.
Advantages of digital technology in the assessment of bone marrow involvement in Gaucher's disease
Authors: Valero-Tena Esther , Roca-Espiau Mercedes , Verdú-Díaz Jose , Diaz-Manera Jordi , Andrade-Campos Marcio , Giraldo Pilar
Published: May 2023

Gaucher disease (GD) is a genetic lysosomal disorder characterized by high bone marrow (BM) involvement and skeletal complications. The pathophysiology of these complications is not fully elucidated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard to evaluate BM. This study aimed to apply machine-learning techniques in a cohort of Spanish GD patients by a structured bone marrow MRI reporting model at diagnosis and follow-up to predict the evolution of the bone disease. In total, 441 digitalized MRI studies from 131 patients (M: 69, F:62) were reevaluated by a blinded expert radiologist who applied a structured report template. The studies were classified into categories carried out at different stages as follows: A: baseline; B: between 1 and 4 y of follow-up; C: between 5 and 9 y; and D: after 10 years of follow-up. Demographics, genetics, biomarkers, clinical data, and cumulative years of therapy were included in the model. At the baseline study, the mean age was 37.3 years (1–80), and the median Spanish MRI score (S-MRI) was 8.40 (male patients: 9.10 vs. female patients: 7.71) (p < 0.001). BM clearance was faster and deeper in women during follow-up. Genotypes that do not include the c.1226A>G variant have a higher degree of infiltration and complications (p = 0.017). A random forest machine-learning model identified that BM infiltration degree, age at the start of therapy, and femur infiltration were the most important factors to predict the risk and severity of the bone disease. In conclusion, a structured bone marrow MRI reporting in GD is useful to standardize the collected data and facilitate clinical management and academic collaboration. Artificial intelligence methods applied to these studies can help to predict bone disease complications.
Outcome indicators for cross linking in pediatric keratoconus
Authors: Wajnsztajn Denise , Shmueli Or , Tarnovsky Yehuda , Frucht-Pery Joseph , Solomon Abraham
Published: May 2023

Purpose

To evaluate the predictive factors for successful corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in pediatric patients with Keratoconus (KC).

Methods

This retrospective study was conducted using a prospectively built database. Patients (18 years old or younger) underwent CXL for KC between 2007 and 2017, with a 1-year follow-up period or longer. The outcomes included changes in Kmax (delta [Δ] Kmax = Kmaxlast − Kmaxpre) and LogMAR visual acuity (ΔLogMAR = LogMARlast − LogMARpre).

The effects of CXL type (accelerated or non-accelerated), demographics (age, sex, background of ocular allergy, ethnicity), preoperative LogMAR visual acuity, maximal corneal power (Kmax), pachymetry (CCTpre), refractive cylinder, and follow-up (FU) time on the outcomes were analyzed.

Results

One hundred thirty-one eyes of 110 children were included (mean age, 16 ± 2 years; range, 10–18 years). Kmax and LogMAR improved from baseline to last visit: from 53.81 D ± 6.39 D to 52.31 D ± 6.06 D (p < 0.001) and from 0.27 ± 0.23 LogMAR units to 0.23 ± 0.19 LogMAR units (p = 0.005), respectively. A negative ΔKmax (meaning corneal flattening) was associated with a long FU, low CCTpre, high Kmaxpre, high LogMARpre, and non-accelerated CXL on univariate analysis. High Kmaxpre and non-accelerated CXL were associated with negative ΔKmax in the multivariate analysis.

A negative ΔLogMAR (meaning vision improvement) was associated with a high LogMARpre in univariate analysis.

Conclusion

CXL is an effective treatment option in pediatric patients with KC. Our results showed that the non-accelerated treatment was more effective than the accelerated treatment. Corneas with advanced disease had a greater effect on CXL.
Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in radiology and nuclear medicine: a literature review
Authors: de Vries Bart M. , Zwezerijnen Gerben J. C. , Burchell George L. , van Velden Floris H. P. , Menke-van der Houven van Oordt Catharina Willemien , Boellaard Ronald
Published: May 2023

Rational

Deep learning (DL) has demonstrated a remarkable performance in diagnostic imaging for various diseases and modalities and therefore has a high potential to be used as a clinical tool. However, current practice shows low deployment of these algorithms in clinical practice, because DL algorithms lack transparency and trust due to their underlying black-box mechanism. For successful employment, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) could be introduced to close the gap between the medical professionals and the DL algorithms. In this literature review, XAI methods available for magnetic resonance (MR), computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging are discussed and future suggestions are made.

Methods

PubMed, Embase.com and Clarivate Analytics/Web of Science Core Collection were screened. Articles were considered eligible for inclusion if XAI was used (and well described) to describe the behavior of a DL model used in MR, CT and PET imaging.

Results

A total of 75 articles were included of which 54 and 17 articles described post and ad hoc XAI methods, respectively, and 4 articles described both XAI methods. Major variations in performance is seen between the methods. Overall, post hoc XAI lacks the ability to provide class-discriminative and target-specific explanation. Ad hoc XAI seems to tackle this because of its intrinsic ability to explain. However, quality control of the XAI methods is rarely applied and therefore systematic comparison between the methods is difficult.

Conclusion

There is currently no clear consensus on how XAI should be deployed in order to close the gap between medical professionals and DL algorithms for clinical implementation. We advocate for systematic technical and clinical quality assessment of XAI methods. Also, to ensure end-to-end unbiased and safe integration of XAI in clinical workflow, (anatomical) data minimization and quality control methods should be included.
Combination of whole genome sequencing and supervised machine learning provides unambiguous identification of eae-positive Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli
Authors: Vorimore Fabien , Jaudou Sandra , Tran Mai-Lan , Richard Hugues , Fach Patrick , Delannoy Sabine
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The objective of this study was to develop, using a genome wide machine learning approach, an unambiguous model to predict the presence of highly pathogenic STEC in E. coli reads assemblies derived from complex samples containing potentially multiple E. coli strains. Our approach has taken into account the high genomic plasticity of E. coli and utilized the stratification of STEC and E. coli pathogroups classification based on the serotype and virulence factors to identify specific combinations of biomarkers for improved characterization of eae-positive STEC (also named EHEC for enterohemorrhagic E.coli) which are associated with bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in human.

Methods

The Machine Learning (ML) approach was used in this study on a large curated dataset composed of 1,493 E. coli genome sequences and 1,178 Coding Sequences (CDS). Feature selection has been performed using eight classification algorithms, resulting in a reduction of the number of CDS to six. From this reduced dataset, the eight ML models were trained with hyper-parameter tuning and cross-validation steps.

Results and discussion

It is remarkable that only using these six genes, EHEC can be clearly identified from E. coli read assemblies obtained from in silico mixtures and complex samples such as milk metagenomes. These various combinations of discriminative biomarkers can be implemented as novel marker genes for the unambiguous EHEC characterization from different E. coli strains mixtures as well as from raw milk metagenomes.
Staphylococcus aureus coa gene sequence analysis can prevent misidentification of coagulase-negative strains and contribute to their control in dairy cow herds
Authors: Locatelli Clara , Gattolin Stefano , Monistero Valentina , Castiglioni Bianca , Moroni Paolo , Addis Maria Filippa , Cremonesi Paola
Published: May 2023

Accurate and precise differentiation of staphylococci isolated from milk is of importance for udder health management. In particular, the rapid and specific identification of Staphylococcus aureus plays an essential role in the prevention and treatment programs for bovine mastitis. Plasma gelatinization in coagulase assays is routinely used to discriminate S. aureus from other species by detecting the presence of extracellular free staphylocoagulase. However, rarely occurring coagulase-deficient S. aureus strains can be responsible for clinical and subclinical mastitis cases. By investigating S. aureus isolates from a single herd over a 10-year period we identified the persistence of a phenotypically coagulase-negative S. aureus strain and pinpointed the possible cause to a single base pair deletion in the coa gene sequence. Our results support the need to integrate primary biochemical tests with molecular/sequence analysis approaches for correctly identifying and discriminating atypical S. aureus in bovine herds, as the coagulase test alone may fail to detect persistent mastitis-causing strains.
End of life of mosquito nets: searching for alternative uses through patent classification
Authors: Melani Marco , Furferi Rocco , Rotini Federico , Barbieri Luca
Published: May 2023

The effects of global concerns such as climate change and environmental pollution must be considered also when dealing with the design or revamping of products or services nowadays. Existing practices, such as the 3R recovery approach and the Circular Economy approach, which aim to reduce waste and increase recycling, regeneration, and reusability, need to be applied during this process. This paper is embedded in this context, and it presents a study that was conducted within a manufacturing company on the possibility of reusing end-of-life mosquito nets, which are difficult to recycle, with the aim of reducing their environmental impact and creating new business opportunities. To achieve this goal, several methods for identifying new product applications have been evaluated from the literature and the most suitable one has been selected. The method is based on the identification of the product functions; then, with a series of patent searches, the Cooperative Patent Classifications (CPCs) of the resulting patents are extracted to be used as external stimuli during the design process. The results obtained in terms of ideas generated are then shown at the end of the paper, suggesting the actual effectiveness of the method applied.