bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Women, Religion and Politics in Middle East
Authors: Nehmé Hoda
Published: October 2017

LA FEMME, LA RELIGION ET LA POLITIQUE AU MOYEN-ORIENT

Resumo: atualmente, a religião não está somente em uma crescente onda de expansão fundamentalista, disfarçada de adversária surreal contra a ocidentalização do globo. Entretanto, assistimos ao desenvolvimento do obscurantismo, como se fosse um tumor em matéria de religiosidade. Neste artigo, pretendemos perceber este processo observando o papel das mulheres. Esta mulher que lutou para encontrar espaço em uma sociedade essencialmente patriarcal e profundamente religiosa encontra-se no jogo de um sistema político-religioso que consome seu meios de sobrevivência social.

Palavras-chave: Religião. Mulheres. Oriente Médio. Patriarcalismo.

Abstract: currently, the religion is not only in a rising tide of fundamentalist expansion, disguised as surreal fight against destroyes the Westernization of the globe. However, we have seen the development of obscurantism, as if were a tumor in terms of religiosity. In this article, we intend to realize this process looking at the role of women. This woman who struggled to find space in an essentially patriarchal society and deeply religious is in game of a politico-religious system that consumes your livelihoods.

Keywords: Religion. Women. Middle East. Patriarchy.
Toward a Deep Spirituality: an Interview with Marià Corbí
Authors: Martins Filho José Reinaldo F. , Ecco Clóvis
Published: October 2017

POR UMA ESPIRITUALIDADE PROFUNDA: UMA ENTREVISTA COM MARIÀ CORBÍ
Captivity, Displacement and Migration Among Indigenous People on Mining Frontiers
Authors: Vega José Manuel Moreno
Published: October 2017

Os centros de mineração foram destinos comuns para a migração indígena durante o período colonial devido à alta demanda de mão de obra indígena que para lá se deslocava principalmente pela quase inexistência de indígenas sedentários nas regiões mineradoras. Uma revisão da bibliografia recente de vários estudiosos sobre os padrões de migração indígena em centros de mineração aborda tópicos afins, como migração forçada, deslocamento e cativeiro, relacionados à violência. Conhecimentos acerca temas do papel das mulheres nesse tipo de processos também constituem problemas das pesquisas relacionadas. As diferentes abordagens adotadas por especialistas neste tópico e, portanto, um conjunto de descobertas diferentes, também devem ser consideradas.

Palavras-chave: Paisagens. Mineração. Cativeiro. Deslocamento. Migração.

Abstract: mining centers were common places for indigenous migration during the colonial period, because of the high demand on foreign indigenous labor, mainly due to the low sedentary indigenous population in the mining regions. A literature review on the recent work of several borderlands scholars on indigenous migration patterns into mining centers sheds new light on related topics, such as forced migration, displacement and captivity, which relate to violence. It also sheds knowledge on topics such as women’s roles in these type of processes. One thing to consider are the different approaches taken by experts on this topic, and thus, the different set of findings.

Keywords: Landscapes. Mining. Captivity. Displacement. Migration.
KOPENAWA, Davi; ALBERT, Bruce. A queda do céu. Palavras de um xamã Yanomami...
Authors: Santos Thaís Dias Luz Borges
Published: October 2017

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A Study in LGBTQ Activism in Serbia and Russia after 1991: Different Countries, Common Issues?
Authors: Ekaterina Batueva , Vladimir Đorđević
Published: October 2017

This article is dedicated to examining the issue of LGBTQ activism in Serbia and Russia after 1991. Considering the fact that these countries were republics in two former socialist federal states, it is interesting to investigate the position of the LGBTQ community and conclude on the influence of this community in challenging the political and social status quo in both societies. Moreover, citizens of Serbia and Russia are understood to be predominantly Orthodox Christian, with generally pervasive patriarchal social attitudes, and this point makes a comparative perspective even more interesting. Hence, this article proposes to provide concise historical information on both communities in their respective states after 1991 when both the USSR and SFR Yugoslavia disappeared. Brief historical information will be presented only to introduce major developments in the existence of the said community and its position in both societies. Second, the article is aimed at discussing and comparing the major political and social constraints in both states on the LGBTQ community and its functioning. Lastly, the article seeks to present conclusions on whether the said community has so far had any influence in terms of being a possible “driver” of political and social changes, or it has remained but a mere object rather than subject in the social and political life.
La intersectorialidad. Conceptualización. Panorama Internacional y de Cuba.
Authors: Castell Florit-Serrate Pastor
Published: October 2017

La salud aparece como un producto social en la cual sus actores y las acciones, trascienden significativamente las fronteras del denominado “sector salud,” por lo que se requiere de una respuesta social organizada, sin la cual el enfoque no sería sistémico y por tanto, el nivel de sinergia que se podría alcanzar sería muy bajo. La intersectorialidad forma parte importante de esa respuesta social organizada. Consiste fundamentalmente en convertir la cooperación fortuita o casual en
acciones que lidereadas por el sector salud se orienten estratégicamente a aquellos problemas, donde las actividades de otros sectores pueden ser decisivas. Lo anterior queda plenamente demostrado cuando se estudian los elementos influyentes o determinantes de la salud y se interrelacionan con los sectores que pueden actuar positivamente en el problema de salud. Las intersectorial se compone de tres grupos de factores: determinantes, condicionantes y desencadenantes. El estudio de dichos factores es una condición básica para un enfoque inteligente de la intersectorialidad. La importancia de la intersectorialidad para los sistemas de salud es aceptada y defendida ampliamente, sin embargo esta demostrado que falta mucho aún para pasar del discurso, a la acción y en consecuencia a los resultados.
Peritoneal lavage with coconut water in rats with abdominal sepsis and its effects in peritoneum
Authors: Borges Kartagena Martins Barreto , Azevedo Italo Medeiros , Celani Lívia Medeiros Soares , Medeiros Aldo Cunha
Published: October 2017

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effects of peritoneal lavage with coconut water on the peritoneal reaction in abdominal sepsis model in rats. Methods: We used 12 male Wistar rats weighing between 310±15 g. The animals were randomly distributed into 2 groups, with 6 animals each. Abdominal sepsis was induced by cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) in both groups. Group 1 was subjected to peritoneal lavage three times with 5 ml of saline each time; Group 2 submitted to peritoneal lavage with 5ml of coconut water also three times. Peritoneal lavage occurred 24 hours after CLP. Twenty four hours after, liquid from peritoneal cavity was harvested for counting of bacterial colony forming units (CFU/mL) of both groups. Euthanasia was done with overdose of anesthesia. For histopathological analysis, fragments of the peritoneum were removed, and a score was applied to the degree of inflammation. RESULTS: Group 2 had a lower histopathological score (p<0.005) and the fluid obtained in the first peritoneal lavage showed a lower amount of CFU compared to group 1 (p <0.005). CONCLUSION: The peritoneal lavage with coconut water positively influenced the inflammatory response in fragments of the peritoneum and the amount of CFU of bacteria in the peritoneal fluid in an experimental model.
Inhibitory Properties of Neomycin Thin Film Formed on Carbon Steel in Sulfuric Acid Solution. Electrochemical and AFM Investigation
Authors: Samide Adriana , Iacobescu Gabriela Eugenia , Tutunaru Bogdan , Grecu Roxana , Tigae Cristian , Spînu Cezar
Published: October 2017

Our study aims to implement a strategy to reduce the carbon steel corrosion rate in sulfuric acid solution, using an expired drug with adsorption affinity on the metal surface. To investigate the corrosion protection efficiency of an environmental friendly inhibitor, namely neomycin sulfate (NMS), the electrochemical measurements were applied on carbon steel immersed in 1.0 M H2SO4 solution with and without NMS. The protective layer formed on the steel surface was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that the presence of the neomycin sulfate in acid solution leads to the decrease in corrosion current density (icorr) and the increase of polarization resistance (Rp). The mixed mechanism between physical and chemical adsorption of NMS molecules on the steel surface was proposed according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) indicated that the NMS molecules contributed to a protective layer formation by their adsorption on the steel surface. The AFM parameters such as: root-mean-square roughness (Rq); average roughness (Ra) and maximum peak to valley height (Rp-v) revealed that in the presence of NMS a smoother surface of carbon steel was obtained, compared to the steel surface corroded in sulfuric acid blank solution.
Grey Relational Analysis for Hesitant Fuzzy Sets and Interval-Valued Hesitant Fuzzy Sets with Applications to MADM Problems
Authors: Guan Xin , Sun Guidong , Yi Xiao , Zhao Jing
Published: October 2017

Quantitative and qualitative fuzzy measures have been proposed to hesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs) from different points. However, few of the existing HFSs fuzzy measures refer to the grey relational analysis (GRA) theory. Actually, the GRA theory is very useful in the fuzzy measure domain, which has been developed for such the intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Therefore, in this paper, we apply the GRA theory to the HFSs and interval-valued hesitant fuzzy sets (IVHFS) domain. We propose the HFSs grey relational degree, HFSs slope grey relational degree, HFSs synthetic grey relational degree and IVHFSs grey relational degree, which describe the closeness, the variation tendency and both the closeness and variation tendency of HFSs and closeness of IVHFSs, respectively, greatly enriching the fuzzy measures of HFSs. Furthermore, with the help of the TOPSIS method, we develop the grey relational based MADM methodology to solve the HFSs and IVHFSs MADM problems. Finally, combined with two practical MADM examples about energy policy selection with HFSs information and emergency management evaluation with IVHFSs information, we obtain the most desirable decision results, and compared with the previous methods, the validity, effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed grey relational degree for HFSs and IVHFSs are demonstrated in detail.
KARAKTERISASI SENSOR PHOTODIODA, DS18B20, DAN KONDUKTIVITAS PADA RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM DETEKSI KEKERUHAN DAN JUMLAH ZAT PADAT TERLARUT DALAM AIR
Authors: Kurnia Sari Zulfiah Ayu , Permana Handjoko , Indrasari Widyaningrum
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Drinking water worth consumption are those that should be odorless, tasteless, clean, the temperatures preferably below air temperature, and low amounts of dissolved solids. On this turbidity and total dissolved solid water system is required some sensor devices. The accuracy of the sensor is an important thing to support the effectiveness of the system. In this research, the calibration of ds18b20 sensor as temperature detector, photodiode sensor as turbidity detector, and conductivity sensor as a detector of dissolved solid (TDS) in water and using Arduino as a microcontroller. The characterization is done by comparing the sensor output with laboratory test equipment. The result of characterization means that each measurement sensor has a variation error that is photodiode sensor with relative error 3.13%, sensor ds18b20 1.77%, and conductivity sensor 2.42%.

Keywords: temperature, turbidity, TDS, Arduino.
PEMANFAATAN DATA SATELIT HIMAWARI 8 UNTUK MENDETEKSI SEBARAN ASAP: STUDI KASUS DI KALIMANTAN DAN SUMATERA TANGGAL 8 DAN 9 SEPTEMBER 2015
Authors: Wulandari Ayu Vista , Dewi Ni Kadek Trisna , Swastiko Wishnu Agum
Published: October 2017

The forest fires that occurred in the entire month of September 2015 was quite considerably disturbing many public activities in Borneo and Sumatera. The smoke which is caused by forest fire has negative impact for the surrounding environments, one of them is reducing horizontal visibility. Meteorological stations in Borneo and Sumatra recorded the lowest visibility occurred on September, 8th and 9th 2015 at average range was 100 m. Based on information of BMKG (Indonesian Agency of Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysics) noted that during the month of September 2015 there was a distribution of hotspots which indicates the occurrence of forest fire cases. This research is aimed to determine the potential of distribution of smoke by satellite imagery of Himawari 8 to reduce its negative impacts. By using this method that is by comparing the hotspot distribution data from BMKG with false color RGB image product (1 visible channel and 2 near infrared channel) along with trajectory of smoke’s distribution by utilizing application of GMSLPD SATAID. The distribution of smoke can be seen as an image with the brownish pattern which partially covered the area of Borneo and Sumatera. The result showed that the smoke’s distribution by the result of RGB imagery well-matched enough with the hotspot’s distribution data from BMKG, which the smoke almost covered most area of the western of Sumatera and center of Borneo. In this case also supported by the trajectory of smoke’s distribution which is derived from southeast-south and spread to the northwest-north in the researches area. By using the observation data from chosen meteorological stations showed a similar result with the above method. Thus, it can be assumed that by using satellite imagery of Himawari 8 is quite capable to discover smoke’s distribution caused by forest fires case.

Keywords: Smoke, Satellite, Himawari 8, SATAID.
New and Recurrent Concussions in High-School Athletes Before and After Traumatic Brain Injury Laws, 2005–2016
Authors: Yang Jingzhen , Comstock R. Dawn , Yi Honggang , Harvey Hosea H. , Xun Pengcheng
Published: October 2017

Objectives. To examine the trends of new and recurrent sports-related concussions in high-school athletes before and after youth sports traumatic brain injury laws.

Methods. We used an interrupted time-series design and analyzed the concussion data (2005–2016) from High School Reporting Injury Online. We examined the trends of new or recurrent concussion rates among US representative high-school athletes participating in 9 sports across prelaw, immediate-postlaw, and postlaw periods by using general linear models. We defined 1 athlete exposure as attending 1 competition or practice.

Results. We included a total of 8043 reported concussions (88.7% new, 11.3% recurrent). The average annual concussion rate was 39.8 per 100 000 athlete exposures. We observed significantly increased trends of reported new and recurrent concussions from the prelaw, through immediate-postlaw, into the postlaw period. However, the recurrent concussion rate showed a significant decline 2.6 years after the laws went into effect. Football exhibited different trends compared with other boys’ sports and girls’ sports.

Conclusions. Observed trends of increased concussion rates are likely attributable to increased identification and reporting. Additional research is needed to evaluate intended long-term impact of traumatic brain injury laws.
Loaded Handgun Carrying Among US Adults, 2015
Authors: Rowhani-Rahbar Ali , Azrael Deborah , Lyons Vivian H. , Simonetti Joseph A. , Miller Matthew
Published: October 2017

Objectives. To determine the frequency of loaded handgun carrying among US adult handgun owners, characterize those who carry, and examine concealed carrying by state concealed carry laws.

Methods. Using a nationally representative survey of US adults in 2015, we asked handgun owners (n = 1444) about their past-30-day carrying behavior.

Results. Among surveyed handgun owners, 24% (95% confidence interval[CI] = 21%, 26%) carried loaded handguns monthly, of whom 35% (95% CI = 29%, 41%) did so daily; 82% (95% CI = 77%, 86%) carried primarily for protection. The proportion of handgun owners who carried concealed loaded handguns in the past 30 days was 21% (95% CI = 12%, 35%) in unrestricted states, 25% (95% CI = 21%, 29%) in shall issue—no discretion states, 20% (95% CI = 16%, 24%) in shall issue—limited discretion states, and 9% (95% CI = 6%, 15%) in may-issue states.

Conclusions. We estimate that 9 million US adult handgun owners carry loaded handguns monthly, 3 million do so every day, and most report protection as the main carrying reason. Proportionally fewer handgun owners carry concealed loaded handguns in states that allow issuing authorities substantial discretion in granting carrying permits.
Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene Reduces Wear and Revision Rates in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Devane Peter A. , Horne James Geoffrey , Ashmore Alexander , Mutimer Jonathon , Kim Woosung , Stanley James
Published: October 2017

Background:

Highly cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) was developed to address the problem of wear and osteolysis associated with metal-on-conventional ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) bearing surfaces. The purpose of this study was to compare in vivo wear rates and clinical and radiographic outcomes between XLPE and UHMWPE in a prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial with a minimum of 10 years of follow-up.

Methods:

We randomized 122 patients to receive either a conventional UHMWPE liner (Enduron; DePuy) or an XLPE liner (Marathon; DePuy). Ninety-one patients were assessed clinically and radiographically at a minimum of 10 years (range, 10.08 to 12.17 years). Oxford Hip Scores and Short Form-12 Health Survey scores were collected. The radiographs were analyzed for osteolysis and for 2-dimensional (2-D), 3-dimensional (3-D), and volumetric wear using validated software.

Results:

All 122 patients were accounted for at the 10-year follow-up evaluation. Twelve patients had undergone revision surgery, 21 patients had died (1 of whom had previously undergone revision surgery), and 2 patients were unable to return for follow-up, leaving 91 patients available for clinical and radiographic evaluation. At a minimum of 10 years, 3-D wear rates were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the XLPE group (mean, 0.03 mm/yr) than in the conventional UHMWPE group (mean, 0.27 mm/yr). The prevalence of osteolysis was also significantly lower in the XLPE group (38% versus 8%, p < 0.005), as was the revision rate (14.6% versus 1.9%, p = 0.012), with 10 of the 12 revisions being in the Enduron group. There was no significant difference between the clinical scores of the 2 groups.

Conclusions:

XLPE liners have significantly reduced wear and are associated with a greater implant survival rate at 10 years compared with conventional UHMWPE liners.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Double-Row Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Is More Cost-Effective Than Single-Row Repair
Authors: Huang Adrian L. , Thavorn Kednapa , van Katwyk Sasha , MacDonald Peter , Lapner Peter
Published: October 2017

Background:

The optimal technique for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is controversial, and both single and double-row techniques are commonly used. In the current era of increasing costs, health-care delivery models are focusing on the value of care. In this study, we compared the cost-effectiveness of single-row and double-row reconstructions in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Methods:

A cost-utility analysis was performed from the perspective of a publicly funded health-care system. Health-care costs, probabilities, and utility values were derived from the published literature. Efficacy data were obtained from a previous randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of single-row (n = 48) or double-row (n = 42) reconstruction among 90 surgical patients. Unit cost data were obtained from a hospital database and the Ontario Schedule of Benefits and Fees. Results are presented as an incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. All costs are presented in 2015 Canadian dollars. A series of 1-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results:

Double-row fixation was more costly ($2,134.41 compared with $1,654.76) but was more effective than the single-row method (4.073 compared with 4.055 QALYs). An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was estimated to be $26,666.75 per QALY gained for double-row relative to single-row fixation. A subgroup analysis demonstrated that patients with larger rotator cuff tears (≥3 cm) had a lower ICER, suggesting that double-row fixation may be more cost-effective for larger tears.

Conclusions:

Based on the willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000 per QALY gained, double-row fixation was found to be more cost-effective than single-row. Furthermore, a double-row reconstruction was found to be more economically attractive for larger rotator cuff tears (≥3 cm).

Level of Evidence:

Economic and Decision Analysis Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Volume-Outcome Relationship in Surgical Interventions for Spinal Metastases
Authors: Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Ferrone Marco L. , Sturgeon Daniel J. , Harris Mitchel B.
Published: October 2017

Background:

Surgery for spinal metastases is challenging and carries a high risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality. Procedures with such characteristics often exhibit a volume-outcome relationship. This has not been previously characterized for spinal metastasis surgery to our knowledge.

Methods:

The Florida State Inpatient Database (2011 through 2014) was queried to identify patients who had undergone surgery for spinal metastases. Surgeon and hospital surgical volumes were compared with 90-day complication and readmission rates to develop procedural cut-points used to define high and low-volume providers. These were included in a multivariable logistic regression analysis that was adjusted for confounders. A separate analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of race/ethnicity and insurance status on the likelihood of receiving care from a high-volume surgeon or hospital.

Results:

This study included 3,135 patients treated by 1,488 surgeons at 162 hospitals. Patients treated at low-volume hospitals had significantly higher odds of having postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13, 1.91) and readmissions (OR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.06, 1.75). Those treated by low-volume surgeons also demonstrated a higher likelihood of complications (OR = 1.40; 95% CI = 1.16, 1.69) and readmissions (OR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.17, 1.62). The likelihood of receiving intervention from a high-volume surgeon was significantly lower for African Americans (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.41, 0.75) and Hispanics (OR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.44, 0.83). The odds of being treated at a high-volume hospital were also significantly lower for African Americans (OR = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.40, 0.84) and Hispanics (OR = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.20, 0.38).

Conclusions:

There is a clear relationship between the volume and outcomes of surgical treatment of spinal metastases, with high-volume providers demonstrating reduced complication and readmission rates. Racial and ethnic minorities appear to experience health-care segregation when it comes to surgical care for spinal metastases. Regionalization of care for these conditions may help improve access to high-volume providers and mitigate disparities in care.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Analisis Drag dan Lift pada Variasi Bentuk After Body Kapal Selam Mini dengan Metode Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Virliani Putri , Suastika I Ketut , Aryawan Wasis Dwi
Published: October 2017

One aspect that needs to be studied in submarine design is the hydrodynamic aspect relating to submarine maneuverability. This research begins by calculating the value of drag and lift  on the three variations of the after body’s mini submarine. The first variation as the initial design is rudder and stern plane arranged perpendicularly or named the+ Stern. Then for the second variation made changes to the arrangement of rudder and stern plane in the after body of the mini submarine with + Stern arrangement, the rudder arranged each other crossed so that it resembles the letter X and called the X-Stern arrangement. Further, for the third variation, the upper rudder of the X-Stern arrangement is replaced by the upper rudder of the + Sternarrangement so that it resembles the inverted Y letter and is called the Y-Stern arrangement. Drag and lift are calculated numerically by using ANSYS-CFX software. From the calculation of CFD found that the submarine with after-body Y-Stern arrangement has the smallest drag and lift value.
Enhanced-Oil-Recovery Potential for Lean-Gas Reinjection in Zipper Fractures in Liquid-Rich Basins
Authors: Akinluyi Oluwanifemi , Hazlett Randy
Published: October 2017

Production from liquid-rich shale has become an important contributor to US production, but recovery factors are low. Enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) methods require injectivity and interwell communication on reasonable time scales. Herein, we investigate the development of fracture interference for the application of recycled-lean-gas injection to displace reservoir fluids between zipper fractures in liquid-rich shales. In condensate systems, the liquids produced from miscible displacement could be extracted at the surface and the gas reinjected. In unconventional oil systems, immiscible displacement would occur with arrest in the oil-rate decline upon the onset of pressure support until immiscible front breakthrough, although this may never occur in a reasonable time. In either case, the time for interference is critical in assessment of process feasibility.

Using superposition plus existing analytical solutions to the diffusivity equation for arbitrarily oriented line sources/sinks for pressure and new extensions for the pressure logarithmic temporal derivative, we analyze the time for interfracture-communication development (i.e., interference) and productivity index (PI) for both classical biwing fractures in a zipper configuration and complex-fracture networks. As a novel contribution, we demonstrate the ability to map both pressure and pressure temporal derivative as a function of time and space for production and/or injection from parallel motherbores under the infinite-conductivity wellbore and fracture assumption. The infinite-conductivity assumption could be relaxed later for more-general cases.

We present the results in terms of geometrical-spacing requirement for both horizontal wells and stimulation treatments to achieve reasonable time frames for interfracture communication and sweep for parameters typical of various shale plays. Results can be used to determine whether spacing currently considered for primary production is sufficient for direct implementation of EOR or if current practice should be modified with EOR in the field-development plan.
Feasibility of Recycling Excess Agricultural Nitrate with Electrodialysis
Authors: Baker John M. , Griffis Timothy J.
Published: October 2017

One of the most serious environmental problems associated with agriculture is excessive nitrate N in waters leaving fields. It is a health hazard in drinking water and a primary cause of hypoxia in ocean waters receiving drainage from agricultural regions. Recent mitigation efforts have focused on techniques that promote denitrification—conversion of excess agricultural nitrate to N2. This seems inherently wasteful since industrial production of nitrate fertilizer from N2 requires a substantial input of energy and is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, it is desirable to develop methods to recycle nitrate, keeping it in a form suitable for reuse as fertilizer. One possibility is electrodialysis, in which direct current is passed through alternating cation‐ and anion‐permeable membranes, creating separate streams of dilute and concentrated water. We tested the concept under controlled conditions in a greenhouse and in a field setting on a contaminated trout stream with nitrate N concentrations consistently above 20 mg L−1. The solar‐powered field system removed 42% of the nitrate from water passing through it and concentrated it in a tank for subsequent application as fertilizer. The upper limit of concentration was approximately 520 mg L−1, above which precipitation of calcite limited operation. Economic analysis indicates that in comparison to denitrification methods such as bioreactors, electrodialysis is likely to be more expensive per unit of nitrate removed. The approach will be most feasible for situations in which nitrate concentrations are well above environmental standards for extended periods, to maximize operating time and nitrate removal rate.

Core Ideas

Nitrate can be extracted from contaminated water and concentrated by electrodialysis.

The concentrated nitrate can be reused as fertilizer.

The degree to which nitrate can be concentrated is limited by mineral precipitation.

The method is promising, but research is needed to reduce costs.
Jólét–jóllét mutatók segítő szakmában dolgozók körében
Authors: Nagyváradi Katalin
Published: October 2017

A témához kapcsolódó nemzetközi társadalomtudományi és egészségtudományi szakirodalomban számos kutatás foglalkozik az emberek egészségi állapotával. Ezekben a kutatásokban gyakran választanak olyan populációt, amely speciális munkahelyhez kötődik, így nem egyszer az egészségügyben dolgozókhoz, illetve azok munkakörülményeihez. Alapul véve a nemzetközi tapasztalatokat, kutatásunkban speciális populációt választottunk, egy – a segítő szakmában dolgozó – krónikus pszichiátriai betegekkel foglalkozó intézmény szakembereit. Választásunk azért esett rájuk, mert az egészségügyi szektor dolgozóira a kilátástalanság, az általánossá váló bizonytalanság megélése, a jólét–jóllét kontextusának változása jellemző így az egészségi állapotuk feltérképezéséhez az egészségügyi szektorra jellemző visszafordíthatatlan folyamatokat is be tudtuk kapcsolni a vizsgálatba. A jólét – jóllét témakörével foglalkozó kutatások közös jellemzője, hogy túlnyomó részük a szubjektív egészségi állapotot vizsgálja kérdőíves felméréssel, önbecslés alapján. A kérdőívek gyakran tartalmaznak olyan kérdéseket, melyek az egészségi állapotot befolyásoló társadalmi környezetre, illetve a megkérdezettek anyagi helyzetére is kitérnek. Ez azt jelenti, hogy sok kutató társadalomtudományi kontextusban is vizsgálja az egészségi állapotot meghatározó összetevőket. További szempontunk volt, hogy a szubjektív egészségmutatók mellett az objektív egészségi állapotot is felmérjük, mert az volt a fő hipotézisünk, hogy a mutatók többsége feltehetően egybeesik. Azonban feltételezésünket a vizsgálatunk nem igazolta.
Zrinszky László neveléselméleti könyvéről. Jegyzetek egy (élet)mű margójára – némi médiapedagógiai felhanggal
Authors: Morva Péter
Published: October 2017

Zrinszky László (2002): Neveléselmélet. Műszaki Kiadó. Budapest.
Effect of hysteresis on water flow in the vadose zone under natural boundary conditions, Siloam Village case study, South Africa
Authors: Arrey I. A. , Odiyo J. O. , Makungo R. , Kataka M. O.
Published: October 2017

A one-dimensional vadose zone model was used to simulate flow under natural boundary conditions. The effects of hysteresis and temporal variability of meteorological conditions were evaluated. Simulations were performed in HYDRUS-1D code for the period April 2013–January 2014 (6601 hours) at three different locations in a delineated portion of the sub-quaternary catchment A80A of Nzhelele with different soil textures. Soil hydraulic characteristics were estimated in a Rosetta library dynamically linked to the HYDRUS-1D model which is based on the numerical solution of a one-dimensional Richard's equation. Analysis of the simulation results suggests that ignoring hysteresis for soils of similar textural class does not lead to any significant deviation of the model predicted soil moisture, unlike for soils with different textural classes.
A Comparative Study of Antioxidant Potential and Phenolic Content in White (Silver Needle), Green and Black Tea
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Farooq Sumaya , Sehgal Amit
Published: October 2017

Background:

White, green and black are the major tea types obtained from the same tea
plant (Camellia sinensis). The differences in processing result in different types of tea, of which green
tea (20%) and black tea (78%) are the most consumed worldwide and also white tea is gaining popularity
due to its subtle taste and recent evidences about its health benefits. Silver needle is a sub type of
white tea, made purely from buds whereas green tea is procured from leaves that are steamed or
panfried, and to produce black tea, the tea leaves are withered, fully oxidized and then dried.

Objective:

The present study was undertaken to analyze and compare the antioxidant activity and phenolic
composition of white (silver needle), green and black teas of same brand.

Method:

The radical scavenging ability of different tea types was measured using various antioxidant
assays. The total phenolic content was also estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu’s method.

Results:

The white tea (silver needle) demonstrated highest radical scavenging activity followed by
green and then black tea in various antioxidant assays performed. The total phenolic content of different
types of tea exhibited the following order: white tea (133.30mg/g) > green tea (118.37mg/g) >
black tea (101.8mg/g). A strong correlation was observed between the total phenolic content and antioxidant
activity of different tea types, the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.87-0.97.

Conclusion:

White tea (silver needle) manifested highest antioxidant activity followed by green and
least in black tea. The pronounced antioxidant ability of WT (silver needle) may be ascribed to the different
parts of the plant (unopened buds) and the least processing it undergoes, followed by obtaining
green tea and black tea from different parts of the plant (leaves), and variation in degree of processing.
Risk for Depression, Burnout and Low Quality of Life Among Personnel of a University Hospital in Italy is a Consequence of the Impact One Economic Crisis in the Welfare System?
Authors: Carta MG , Preti A , Portoghese I , Pisanu E , Moro D , Pintus M , Pintus E , Perra A , D’Oca S , Atzeni M , Campagna M , Pascolo E Fabrici , Sancassiani F , Finco G , D’Aloja E , Grassi L
Published: October 2017

Background:

Research literature suggests that burnout, depression, and a low mental quality of life (QOL) are common among health care workers. Economic crisis might have increased the burden of burnout, depression and low QOL in health care workers.

Objectives:

To identify depression risk, burnout levels, and quality of life in a sample of workers of an Italian university hospital.

Method:

Cross sectional study with comparison with two community surveys database results (n = 2000 and 1500, respectively). Overall, 522 workers accepted to take part in the study, representing a 78% response rate (out of 669 individuals).

Results:

The frequency of positivity at the screener for Major Depressive Disorder among health care workers was more than double than that in the standardized community sample (33.3% vs 14.1%, p<0.0001). All professionals, except the administrative staff and technicians (i.e.those who do not have contact with patients), showed a statistically higher frequency of positivity for depressive episodes compared to the controls. Among the medical staff, the highest risk was found in the surgeon units, while the lowest one was in the laboratories. Surgeons also were those most exposed to high risk of burnout, as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory.

Conclusion:

Since burnout is linked to patient safety and quality of patient care, and contribute to medical errors, dedicated interventions aimed at reducing poor mental health and low quality of life in medical staff are indicated.
A Comparative Study of Distribution Structure Cross Arms
Authors: Pidaparti Ramana , Kalaga Sriram
Published: October 2017

Background:

The structural performance of cross arms used on distribution poles is studied in this paper. Tangent and Dead End configurations involving conventional (wood) and composite (fiber glass) cross arms are analyzed. Strength-to-Stiffness and Weight-to-Stiffness ratios associated with study cases are determined and evaluated.

Results and Conclusion:

It is observed that although initial costs are higher, composite cross arms offer long-term advantages in terms of strength, stiffness, performance and durability.
Ex-vivo Smear Layer Removal Efficacy of Two Activated Irrigation Techniques After Reciprocating Instrumentation in Curved Canals
Authors: Schiavotelo Tamara Costa Lopes , Coelho Marcelo Santos , Rasquin Luis Cardoso , Rocha Daniel Guimarães Pedro , Fontana Carlos Eduardo , Bueno Carlos Eduardo da Silveira
Published: October 2017

Introduction:

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two activated irrigation techniques in removing the smear layer after single-file reciprocating instrumentation in curved canals.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty distobuccal roots of maxillary molars were standardized to create a closed system, and then instrumented using WaveOne Primary (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) instruments. Fifty-four specimens were randomly distributed into 3 groups for final irrigation: Non-activated irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and EndoActivator (EA;Dentsply Maillefer, Tulsa, USA) irrigation. All specimens received 3 mL of 17% EDTA for 1 minute, followed by irrigation with 6 mL of 2.5% NaOCl. The apical, middle and cervical thirds of the specimens were analyzed using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and the amount of remaining smear layer on the canal walls was rated by three examiners using a five-category scoring system. Kendall’s concordance coefficient was used to assess inter-rater agreement. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney (Bonferroni) tests were used to compare the scores.

Results:

Kendall’s concordance coefficient was ≥ 0.7, indicating an excellent level of agreement between the raters. No statistically significant difference in irrigation techniques efficacy for removal of the smear layer (p=0.061) was found for the apical third. The scores attributed to the specimens irrigated with the EA system were significantly lower than those of the other groups in the cervical and middle thirds (p< 0.05).

Conclusions:

The efficacy of the EA system in removing the smear layer in the cervical and middle thirds of root canals instrumented with reciprocating motion was significantly higher than that of either PUI or non-activated irrigation. Both EA and PUI performed similarly in apical third.
Bayesian Inference for Three Bivariate Beta Binomial Models
Authors: Scollnik David Peter Michael
Published: October 2017

Background:

This paper considers three two-dimensional beta binomial models previously introduced in the literature. These were proposed as candidate models for modelling forms of correlated and overdispersed bivariate count data. However, the first model has a complicated form of bivariate probability mass function involving a generalized hypergeometric function and the remaining two do not have closed forms of probability mass functions and are not amenable to analysis using maximum likelihood. This limited their applicability.

Objective:

In this paper, we will discuss how the Bayesian analyses of these models may go forward using Markov chain Monte Carlo and data augmentation.

Results:

An illustrative example having to do with student achievement in two related university courses is included. Posterior and posterior predictive inferences and predictive information criteria are discussed.
Pengaruh pembelajaran dengan pendekatan inquiry terhadap penguasaan konsep dan scientific skill materi sistem pencernaan
Authors: Rahayu Nanik
Published: October 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh pembelajaran dengan pendekatan guided dan Structured Inquiry terhadap kemampuan penguasaan konsep dan scientific skill siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 3 Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen menggunakan desain pretest posttest comparison group design. Sampel penelitian adalah dua kelas XI IPA yang diambil secara acak, satu kelas Guided Inquiry dan satu kelas Structured Inquiry. Data yang diambil berupa nilai penguasaan konsep dan keterampilan scientific skill. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Uji t. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan guided dan Structured Inquiry dapat meningkatakna penguasaan konsep siswa dengan perbedaan yang signifikan diantara keduanya. Nilai N-gain kemampuan penguasaan konsep pada kelas Guided Inquiry lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas Structured Inquiry yang artinya bahwa pendekatan Guided Inquiry lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan penguasaan konsep siswa.Kata Kunci: pendekatan guided inquiry, pendekatan structured inquiry, penguasaan konsep, keterampilan scientific skill The Effect of Inquiry Learning Approach on the Mastery of Concepts and Scientific Skill of Digestive System AbstractThis research aims to reveal the effect of teaching by using the guided and Structured Inquiry approach on the ability of mastering concepts and scientific skill of Grade XI of SMAN 3 Yogyakarta. This research was quasi-experimental research conducted by using pretest-posttest comparison group design. The sample was two classes of grade XI majoring natural science established randomly, one Guided Inquiry class and one Structured Inquiry class. The data collected included the score of mastery of concepts and scientific skills t-test was used to analyze the data. The results of the study show that (1) teaching by using the Guided and Structured Inquiry approaches can improve students’ mastery of concepts and scientific skills with significant difference among both approaches. The score of N-gain mastery of concepts of the students in the Guided Inquiry class is higher than in Structured Inquiry class, which means that the Guided Inquiry approach is more effective in improving students’ mastery of concepts.Keywords: guided inquiry approach, structured inquiry approach, mastery of concepts, scientific skills
Pengaruh penggunaan media video dan gambar terhadap keterampilan menulis kelas V
Authors: Ulfah Dian Mariya , Soenarto Sunaryo
Published: October 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) pengaruh media video terhadap keterampilan menulis kembali isi cerita siswa kelas V SD pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia; (2) pengaruh media gambar terhadap keterampilan menulis kembali isi cerita siswa kelas V SD pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia; dan (3) perbedaan pengaruh media video dan gambar terhadap keterampilan menulis kembali isi cerita kelas V SD pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu quasi eksperimen, sedangkan desainnya randomized control-group pretestt-posttestt. Populasi penelitian seluruh siswa kelas V SDN Se-gugus V Kasihan-Bantul, pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara random sampling. Variabel penelitian terdiri dari variabel bebas dan variabel terikat. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa pelaksanan tes unjuk kerja. Instrumen penilaian menulis diukur dengan uji validitas isi dan uji reliabilitas inter-rater. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (a) media video berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keterampilan menulis dengan taraf signifikan 0,000 < 0,05; (b) media gambar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keterampilan menulis dengan taraf signifikan 0,022 < 0,05; dan (c) terdapat perbedaan pengaruh media video dan gambar yang signifikan terhadap keterampilan menulis dengan taraf signifikan 0,043 < 0,05.Kata Kunci: media video, media gambar, keterampilan menulis kembali isi cerita The effectiveness of implementing video and picture media ofwriting skills in fifth grade students of Elementary School Abstract The purpose of this study are to find out (1) the effect of video on writing skills in fifth grade students of Elementary School in Indonesian learning, (2) the of picture series on writing skills in fifth grade students of Elementary School in Indonesian learning, (3) the differences of  video and picture series on writing skills in fifth grade students of Elementary School in Indonesian learning. This study used quasi experimental, and the design used randomized control-group pretestt-posttestt. The participants of this study were the whole students of the fifth grade of 5 Clusters Kasihan-Bantul Sub-District. The research variables consisted of independent variable and dependent variable. The data collection technique was conducted by test performance. Writing assessment instruments measured by content validity and inter-rater reliability tests. The results showed that (1) video media gives a positive and significant on writing skills in fifth grade students of Elementary School with sig 0,000 < 0,05 (2) picture media gives a positive and significanton writing skills in fifth grade students of Elementary School with sig 0,022 < 0,05 (3) There is significan different effect between video and picture series on on writing skills in fifth grade students of Elementary School with sig 0,043 < 0,05.Keywords: videos, picture series, writing skills to rewrite a story
Peningkatan soft skills pada pembelajaran tematik integratif kompetensi IPA melalui metode inquiry di kelas V SD
Authors: Paryanti Dwi
Published: October 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk meningkatkan soft skills pada pembelajaran tematik integratif kompetensi IPA melalui metode inquiry pada kompetensi IPA di kelas Va SD Bakalan Bantul dan mendeskripsikan  peningkatan soft skills siswa dengan pembelajaran tematik integratif melalui  metode inquiry. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas, yang terdiri atas tiga  siklus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Bakalan Bantul pada bulan November sampai dengan Desember 2014. Objek penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas Va yang berjumlah 28 siswa. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi, tes tulis, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan catatan lapangan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran tematik integratif dengan metode inquiry dapat meningkatkan soft skills siswa pada kompetensi IPAKata Kunci: soft skills, tematik integratif, inquiry  Improving soft skills in integrated thematic science learning competence through inquiry method in class V SDAbstractThis study aims to increase soft skills of students in thematic integrative learning with inquiry methods and to describe  the implementation  an integrated thematic learning with inquiry methods on science competence. This research is classroom action research, which consisted of three cycles. This study was conducted in SD Bakalan Bantul from November to December 2014. The objects were all students of class Va consisting of 28 students. The data were collected using observation, paper and pencil tests, interviews, documentation, and journals. The results show that the implementation of the thematic integrative learning with inquiry methods can improve students' soft skills in science competencies.Keywords : soft skills, thematic integrated, inquiry