bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reviewing the Insights of Confinement and Social Distancing as Measures Involved in the Prevention of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Moyo⃰ Georges Pius Kamsu , Ngwanou Dany Hermann , Kago Daniel Armand Tague , Kamgaing Nelly , Kalla Ginette Claude Mireille , Chiabi Andreas , Ndombo Paul Olivier Koki
Published: September 2020

Confinement and social distancing have been widely used in the prevention of the COVID-19 pandemic, as interventions consisting in reducing physical contact between individuals to prevent the spread of the disease. In order to demonstrate the pattern of these measures, we did a review of pertinent articles on the subject available online. We found that though confinement and social distancing significantly contributed to the mitigation of the COVID-19 infection in a number of countries worldwide, there however exist a dilemma in choosing between the expected benefits and adverse effects, especially when applied on a large scale. Thus considerations with regards to socio-anthropological and politico-economic impacts should be considered in order to protect citizens, especially the vulnerable. Besides, population information, education and communication helps to increase adherence and observation of recommendations. However, further improvements need to be implemented in other to render these measures more bearable and less restrictive while ameliorating their efficacy.
Fracture Toughness of Medium Molecular Weight Phenol Formaldehyde (MMwPF) Plywood
Authors: Abdul Aziz Ahmad Muzaffar , Khalid Hasmawi
Published: August 2020

Currently in Malaysia, most of the plywood industries are using tropical hardwood veneer with combination of rubberwood to form plywood. The used of rubberwood has actively reduced the cost of plywood production but recently the price of rubberwood logs has increased due to the shortage of the supply. Due to the demand from other timber industries such as furniture and medium density board thus, alternative raw material which is not focuses on lignocellulosic material only but also on the residue can be offered. Oil palm stems (Elaeisguineensis Jacq) need to be explored as these stems are abundant after falling from plantations which have not been fully utilized due to their poor properties. The main drawback of oil palm is its low dimensional stability found in the stem parts. Therefore this study investigated the 100% oil palm stem (OPS) plywood denoted as PTA by optimizing the pre drying process of the veneer by using roller pressing machine, steam dryer and platen press machine. After the OPS veneers have been pre-dried, they were treated with Medium Molecular Weight Phenol Formaldehyde (MMwPF) resin before fabrication of OPS plywood. The product could be promoted as concrete foam, light weight partitions, wall panel and floor slabs. The fracture toughness of OPS plywood developed in this study denoted as PTA was investigated. These properties were compared with the properties of another two types of commercial OPS plywood denoted as PTB and PTC which were manufactured using OPS veneer with tropical hardwood veneer for face and back veneer and control plywood denoted as PTD which was manufactured using 100% tropical hardwood veneer. The highest value of plain strain and energy release was showed by PTA compared to commercial plywood. The failure was more prominent in wood which showed by the crack propagated line in the veneer layer.
Gerakan Kontra Pembangunan Shelter 9 Dan 10 Pltu Suralaya Merak-Banten
Authors: Urrohmah Nida , Kelly Karin Caroline , Yuliani Fitri
Published: August 2020

Electric Steam Power Plants (PLTU) need coal as fuel to produce electricity. The higher the electrical energy needed to eat, the more fuel will be used. This has happened in the construction of shelters 9 and 10 Suralaya Merak-Banten steam power plant (PLTU). This development is reaping various kinds of rejection because it causes environmental damage not only in the area around the development operation but also in the Greater Jakarta area. The rejection movement was initiated by local residents and supported by international Environmental NGOs.Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) membutuhkan batu bara sebagai bahan bakar untuk menghasilkan energi listrik. Semakin tinggi energi listrik yang dibutuhkan makan akan semakin banyak bahan bakar yang digunakan. Hal ini terjadi pada pembangunan shelter 9 dan 10 PLTU Suralaya di pulau Jawa spesifiknya di daerah Merak-Banten. Pembangunan ini menuai berbagai macam penolakan karena mengakibatkan kerusakan lingkungan tidak hanya pada wilayah sekitar operasi pembangunan namun juga pada wilayah Jabodetabek. Gerakan penolakan diinisiasi tentunya oleh warga setempat dan didukung dengan NGO Internasional penggiat isu lingkungan.
Gerakan Lingkungan Komuntias Akademi Sampah Dalam Pembangunan Kepedulian Masyarakat Terhadap Sampah di Kota Cilegon
Authors: Rustandi Dedi , Bawazir M Rian
Published: August 2020

Along with environmental problems that are increasingly complex at this time, encouraging individuals and groups to protect their environment. The environmental movement is carried out by the Cilegon city academy community as an effort to care for the environment. This paper seeks to explain how the environmental movement in building public awareness of waste and the environment which is increasingly threatening the pollution of environmental balance. By using a qualitative analysis approach based on the activities carried out by the Garbage Academy community. There are two activities/movements carried out by the garbage academy. The first movement was through the environmental education movement which was carried out in the city of Cilegon by providing direct education to the Cilegon community. The second movement was a tree planting action carried out at SDN 1 Ciwedus in the city of Cilegon.Seiring dengan permasalahan lingkungan yang semakin kompleks pada saat ini, mendorong individu maupun kelompok harus menjaga lingkungannya. Gerakan lingkungan dilakukan oleh komunitas akademi kota cilegon sebagai upaya kepedulian terhadap lingkungan. tulisan ini berusaha menerangkan bagaimana gerakan lingkunagan  dalam membangun kepedulian masyarakat terhadap sampah dan lingkungan yang semakin hari mengancam pencemaran keseimbangan lingkungan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis kualitatif berdasarkan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh komunitas Akademi Sampah. Kegiatan/gerakan yang dilakukan akademi sampah terdapat dua gerakan. Gerakan pertama melalui gerakan edukasi lingkungan yang dilakukan di kota cilegon dengan membuat penyuluhan kepada masyarakat cilegon secara langsung. Gerakan yang kedua merupakan aksi menanam pohon yang dilakukan di SDN 1 Ciwedus yang berada di kota Cilegon.
Comparative Study on the Awareness, Availability and Patronage of Electronic Resources between Male and Female Students of AbubakarTafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Bauchi State-Nigeria
Authors: CLN Suleiman Abdullahi, , CLN Aliyu, Isyaku Ahmad, , CLN Yagana Musa, , CLN Adamu Hassan,
Published: August 2020

This study was conducted to examine the availability and patronage of electronic resources by male and female students in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Bauchi state, Nigeria. 1500 male and female students formed the population of the study. Survey research method was adopted. Questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection. Frequency counts and simple percentages were used in analysing the data collected. The study revealed that female students of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi have rarely patronized electronic resources in the e-library and as such has tremendous impact on their level of awareness on global world of electronic information and thereby would affects their academic performances. The study recommended among others, awareness of the availability of electronic resources in the library and the need for the female students to acquire more skills in the use of electronic resources
An Overview of Environmental Challenges Stifling Sustainable Livelihood in Rural Nigeria
Authors: Adejumo Oluwakemi Abiola , Owoade Olufemi Adeyemi
Published: August 2020

General consensus is that Nigeria environment is being degraded but the implications of this on the livelihood of majority of the populace who inhabited the rural areas is usually ignored as they are the voiceless, as voices are only raised when tragedy struck in major cities. Through review of literatures this paper identified environmental problems threatening sustainable rural livelihood in Nigeria to include deforestation, desertification, drought, environmental pollution and climate change. These problems arose from natural and human-made threats and direct and indirect consequences of socio-economic development. This paper argued that listening to the voices of the rural poor is essential in the fight to reduce poverty and resource-scarcity induced conflicts. As the progress whatever the Nigeria nation has made so far has largely been achieved at the detriment of the rural poor. It was reiterated that complete evaluation of environmental degradation should consider the roles marginalization of rural poor, poverty and unsustainable agricultural practices played in undermining achievement of effective environmental protection and management in rural Nigeria. The paper concluded that policies that will bridge increasing gap between rural and urban areas, poor and the rich will go a long way in ensuring sustainability of natural environment.
The Impact of Socıal Medıa Advertısıng on Consumers Buyıng Decısıon: A Case Study on Unıversıty Students
Authors: Kabbane Mhd Anas Al
Published: August 2020

This study aimed to identify the impact of social media advertising on making a buying decision Internet of university students. In these days, social media is one of the strongest approaches to promote, sell or buy products or services. It is preferred by all businesses regardless of the size and capability of the companies to reach out millions of protentional customers over the world. People are browsing the internet and social media daily on the public transportation and during their leisure time. Thug, This is a great opportunity to create business possibilities due to the potential of this market which has been continuously growing in the past decade. Therefore, this research focuses on finding out the key factors of social media that affect the purchase behaviour of university. For this reason, it is cantered on the elements of the extent of satisfaction, the spent time on social media, the strength of social media compared to mass media, and reviews are written by customers who have bought. Based on these factors, four hypotheses of the study were developed as a part of the research model. The conducted method was quantitative research, and data was collected from Istanbul university students. Data was analysed with SPSS.
Effect of TNBS-induced colitis on enteric neuronal subpopulations in adult zebrafish
Authors: Uyttebroek Leen , Pype Casper , Hubens Guy , Timmermans Jean-Pierre , Van Nassauw Luc
Published: August 2020

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and is characterized by periods of acute inflammation and remission. Therapeutic management of IBD is still problematic, because of incomplete understanding its pathogenesis. This study focuses on the effect of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis on changes in enteric neuronal subpopulations in adult zebrafish. These changes are suggested to be related to the altered neuro-immune interactions and GI motility, and in IBD pathogenesis. New insights into neuroplasticity will be instrumental in finding appropriate therapeutic treatments. TNBS was intraluminally administered in the distal intestine (DI) of anesthetized adult zebrafish. A histological time course of the intestinal inflammatory response was created to establish optimal TNBS concentration and acute inflammation phase. Using double immunolabelling on whole mounts, the effect of inflammation on neuronal populations was analyzed. Based on intestinal wall thickening, epithelial fold disruption, reduced goblet cell number, and eosinophil infiltration, our analysis indicated that the optimal TNBS concentration (320 mM in 25% ethanol) inducing non-lethal inflammation reached a peak at 6 hours post-induction. The inflammatory response returned to baseline values at 3 days post-induction. At the acute inflammation phase, no influence on the distribution or proportion of nitrergic neurons was observed, while only the proportion of cholinergic neurons was significantly reduced in the DI. The proportion of serotonergic neurons was significantly increased in the entire intestine during inflammation. This study describes a method of TNBS-induced colitis in the adult zebrafish. Given that the acute inflammation phase is accompanied by neuroplasticity comparable to changes observed in IBD patients, and the unique and versatile characteristics of the zebrafish, allows this model to be used alongside IBD animal models to unravel IBD pathology and to test new IBD therapies.
A retrospective descriptive study characterizing coronavirus disease epidemiology among people in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: Hussein Nawfal R , Naqid Ibrahim A , Saleem Zana Sidiq M.
Published: August 2020

Abstract

On March 1, 2020, the first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection (SARS-CoV-2) infection was diagnosed in the Kurdistan Region of Northern Iraq. The highest number of infections was recorded in Erbil city (233 cases) and Sulaymaniyah (178 cases). Among diagnosed patients, 20% had symptoms. The most common symptoms were fever (9.5%), dry cough (12%), and shortness of breath (6.5%). There was a sharp marked increase in the number of cases after relaxing of the control measures on May 1. The case fatality rate was 1.1% (5/452). Case fatality was significantly associated with advanced age (p=0.001) but not sex (p=0.68). Overall, 385/452 patients (85.2%) recovered without complications. Most patients were asymptomatic. The case fatality rate was low but increased with age. Further research is needed to determine the high recovery and low case fatality rates relative to those reported in other countries.
Prognostic Significance of Transcript-Type BCR‐ABL1 in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Molica Matteo , Abruzzese Elisabetta , Breccia Massimo
Published: August 2020

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the presence of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. In more than 95% of CML patients, the typical BCR-ABL1 transcript subtypes are e13a2 (b2a2), e14a2 (b3a2), or the simultaneous expression of both. Other less frequent transcript subtypes, such as e1a2, e2a2, e6a2, e19a2, e1a3, e13a3, and e14a3, have been sporadically reported. The main purpose of this review is to assess the possible impact of different transcripts on the response rate to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the achievement of stable deep molecular responses (s-DMR), the potential maintenance of treatment-free remission (TFR), and long-term outcome of CML patients treated with TKIs. According to the majority of published studies, patients with e13a2 transcript treated with imatinib have lower and slower cytogenetic and molecular responses than those with e14a2 transcript and should be considered a high-risk group who would mostly benefit from frontline treatment with second-generation TKIs (2GTIKIs). Although few studies have been published, similar significant differences in response rates to 2GTKIs have been not reported. The e14a2 transcript seems to be a favorable prognostic factor for obtaining s-DMR, irrespective of the TKI received, and is also associated with a very high rate of TFR maintenance. Indeed, patients with e13a2 transcript achieve a lower rate of s-DMR and experience a higher probability of TFR failure. According to most reported data in the literature, the type of transcript does not seem to affect long-term outcomes of CML patients treated with TKIs. In TFR, the e14a2 transcript appears to be related to favorable responses. 2GTKIs as frontline therapy might be a convenient approach in patients with e13a2 transcript to achieve optimal long-term outcomes.
Ceftolozane-Tazobatam for febrile neutropenia treatment in hematologic malignancy patients colonized by multi-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: preliminary results from a prospective cohort study
Authors: Marchesi Francesco , Toma Luigi , Di Domenico Enea Gino , Cavallo Ilaria , Spadea Antonio , Prignano Grazia , Pimpinelli Fulvia , Papa Elena , Terrenato Irene , Ensoli Fabrizio , Mengarelli Andrea
Published: August 2020

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Impact of educational interventions on psychological distress during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a randomized study.
Authors: Cioce Marco , Lohmeyer Franziska Michaela , Moroni Rossana , Magini Marinella , Giraldi Alessandra , Garau Paola , Gifuni Maria Carola , Savoia Vezio , Celli Danilo , Botti Stefano , Gargiulo Gianpaolo , Bonifazi Francesca , Ciceri Fabio , Serra Ivana , Zega Maurizio , Sica Simona , Bacigalupo Andrea , De Stefano Valerio , Moscato Umberto
Published: August 2020

Background

Physical and psychological factors, like wrong attitudes and behaviours, can negatively influence health outcomes of the patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). Educational interventions aiming to improve knowledge on side effects, risks, complications and preventive behaviour can reduce psychological distress, and improve quality of life (QoL). We aimed to compare a standard approach with therapeutic patient education (TPE) to analyse the impact on AHSCT patients’ QoL, psychological distress and knowledge of AHSCT side effects, risks complications and preventive behaviour.

Material and methods

A prospective interventional study was conducted analysing data of 36 patients who received one of two different educational approaches, which were a standard approach (not-exposed) or TPE (exposed).

Results

In the exposed group QoL improved 14 days after transplantation (42.2 vs 25.6; p<0.03) and at time of discharge (36.6 vs 54.4; p<0.005). Anxiety and depression was better controlled in the exposed group, both at hospitalization and discharge (anxiety: 48.1 vs 53.2; 46.4 vs 51.6. p<0.04; depression: 49 vs 55.3; 48 vs 54.3 , p<0.03). Knowledge of AHSCT risks and complications improved in exposed patients, both at admission (10.1/15 vs 8/15 correct answers; p<0.01) and discharge (10.7/15 vs 8.8/15 correct answer; p<0.03).

Conclusion

The TPE for AHSCT patients improved knowledge, reduced anxiety and depression, which consequently increasing QoL. Therefore, we recommend our approach to further engage patients in the treatment plan, which should specifically take place prior to AHSCT initiation.
Primary Pulmonary Liposarcoma with Pancreatic Metastasis: A Rarest of Rare Intrathoracic Malignancy
Authors: Halder Anirban , Biswas Rituparna , Shukla Sujit , Rana Nisha , Yadav Vikas , Kaur Jaspreet
Published: August 2020

Liposarcoma of the lung is an extremely rare malignancy with <20 cases reported so far. With such limited evidence, natural history and appropriate management of this unusual tumor is unclear. We experienced a case of primary pulmonary myxoid liposarcoma in a 34-year-old male who presented with multiple distant site metastases including pancreas, which is again an extremely rare finding accounting for approximately 2% of pancreatic malignancies. Indexed case was treated with systemic chemotherapy.
Adult Jejuno-Jejunal Intussusceptions due to Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Authors: Pandiaraja Jayabal
Published: August 2020

Intussusception is telescoping of proximal segment of the intestine within the lumen of adjacent segment of intestine. In children, most of the intussusception is idiopathic, whereas in adults, it is always associated with pathological lead point. In adults, jejuno-jejunal intussusception is very rare compared to children. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult in most of the cases, so adequate negative margin is mandatory when a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is suspected as the cause of jejuno-jejunal intussusception. This case is reported because jejunal intussusception is one of the rare presentations of GIST.
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia: A Clinicopathological Profile and Review of Six Cases
Authors: Samal Priyanka , Chakrabarti Prantar
Published: August 2020

Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is an indolent B-cell neoplasm in which lymphoplasmacytic cells are accumulated in the bone marrow. This rare disease is incurable with the available treatments and its management is generally based on risk-adapted methods. We present here six cases of WM with their clinicopathological profile and response to therapy. This is a retrospective observational study conducted in a tertiary referral center in Eastern India from October 2014 to December 2016. The clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and response to therapy for WM were analyzed. A total of six cases of WM were analyzed, of which five were male; the mean age was 65 years. The most common presentation was transfusion-dependent anemia, followed by hyperviscosity. All the patients had bone marrow infiltration by lymphoplasmacytoid cells, and serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation showed immunoglobulin M kappa monoclonal protein. Bortezomib, dexamethasone, and rituximab (BDR) was the most commonly used regimen. Complete and very good partial responses were seen in one patient (16.7%) each and partial response in 3 (50%) patients. There was disease progression to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in one patient (16.7%). After a 26-month follow-up, four of six patients (66.67%) remained free of disease progression. A very low incidence of WM was reported, and patients had a varied clinicopathological spectrum. A combination of BDR is a promising frontline therapy in the patients of WM.
Management of Synchronous Locally Advanced Carcinoma Tongue and Early-Stage Carcinoma Esophagus in a Tertiary Cancer Center: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Nagarajan Aswin , Sakthivelu Arun , Ganesharajah Selvaluxmy
Published: August 2020

Synchronous malignancy of tongue and esophagus is difficult to diagnose and treat since both the malignancies are aggressive and have poor survival. We report an unusual case study of locally advanced carcinoma tongue (Stage IVA) with early-stage carcinoma esophagus (Stage II) in a 43-year-old male for whom both the malignancies were treated with concurrent chemoradiation in a sequential manner and the patient had a complete response of both malignancies without much treatment-related morbidity and the patient is coming for follow-up with the disease-free survival of 6 months.
Review Form
Authors: Journals EJMS
Published: August 2020

Review Form
Enfoque diagnóstico del paciente con dolor facial: revisión de la literatura.
Authors: Santamaria Andres Felipe Mantilla , Osorio Daniel Felipe Vera , Rincon Maria Alejandra Gonzalez , Guerrero Linnel Estefania Padilla , Jerez Luz Elena Caceres , Campos Julian Andres Vera
Published: August 2020

El objetivo del estudio es revisar y describir la principal evidencia disponible relacionada con el enfoque diagnóstico del dolor facial, especialmente en el entorno de atención primaria, y brindar una herramienta que sintetice los hallazgos. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura, mediante una búsqueda en bases de datos como PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Google Académico, y Scopus. Se usaron como palabras clave “facial pain”, “facial neuralgia”, “trigeminal nerve disease”, y “diagnosis”. Se encontró que el dolor facial se debe enfocar de forma sindromática y etiológica, identificando aspectos del dolor sugestivos de alteración neurológica central o periférica, y realizando un estudio completo clínico y paraclínico que permita identificar la etiología. Concluimos que el dolor facial requiere un abordaje integral y debe ser un tópico central en los programas de enseñanza en medicina y odontología
Relato de vivências no Pibid: aproximações com a construção docente
Authors: Noronha Gessica Nunes , Noronha Arimate Alves , Abreu Mariana Cristina Alves de
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência como bolsista de iniciação à docência (ID) no Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) entre os anos 2014 e 2015 no curso de graduação em Pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Ceará e refletir sobre as influências do Programa na atuação docente nos dias atuais. Foi utilizada abordagem qualitativa e realizada pesquisa documental tendo como fonte de dados documentos legais referentes ao Programa, relatórios das atividades anuais e diários de campo. Foram apontados como resultados que o Programa atua na formação docente inicial relacionando teoria e prática, na inserção dos graduandos no lócus profissional estreitando os laços e reflexões sobre a profissão docente que repercutem nas ações docentes atuais.
دراسة تصنيفية على تحت العائلة الفراشية Papilionoideae = Faboideae في مديرية حبيل جبر، محافظة لحج، الجمهورية اليمنية
Authors: Al-Hawshabi Othman Saad Saeed , Al-Hageli Abdul Hakeem Fadhel Hasan
Published: August 2020

اهتمت هذه الدراسة بإلقاء الضوء على تحت الفصيلة الفراشية Faboideae = Papilionoideae، في مديرية حبيل جبر، وذلك خلال الفترة من يناير 2018م حتى أغسطس 2019م، إذ جَمْعُت عينات نباتية مثالية لكل نوع نباتي موجود في منطقة الدراسة.  تم مناقشة الصفات ذات الأهمية التصنيفية لتحت العائلة الفراشية Papilionoideae = Faboideae، كما تم سرد مرادفات الأسماء العلمية والأسماء المحلية لكل نوع نباتي سجل في منطقة الدراسة وانتشاره فيها، وقدم مفتاح صناعي للتفرقة بين أنواع وأجناس تحت العائلة الفراشية Papilionoideae = Faboideae، باستعمال أكثر الصفات وضوحاً وأعلاها في القيمة التصنيفية، كذلك تمت مراجعة التسمية العلمية واستحداثها. وقد أسفرت الدراسة عن وجود 23 نوعاً نباتياً ضمن 8 أجناس تنتمي لتحت الفصيلة الفراشية Papilionoideae = Faboideae. أكثر الأجناس تنوعاً في المديرية هي الـ Indigofera (9 أنواع) و Tephrosia (4 أنواع)، إذ شكلتا حوالي 56.52% من العدد الكلي للأنواع المسجلة في منطقة الدراسة. كما أثبتت الدراسة أن النوع (Zygocarpum yemenense) متوطناً في اليمن ولا يوجد خارجها. أثبتت الدراسة أن الصفات المورفولوجية الخضرية والتكاثرية ذات قيمة عالية في التعريف والتصنيف على مستوى الأنواع والأجناس. وجود الزوائد الغدية على أجزاء النبات، القرن الثمري المستقيم أو المنحني وعدد الوريقات تُعد صفات ذات قيمة عالية في التعريف والتصنيف لأنواع جنس الـ Indigofera. الورقة البسيطة أو المركبة المؤلفة من 5 وريقات فقط أو أكثر ميزت الثلاثة الأنواع لجنس الـ Tephrosia عن بعضها. ومن خلال الأنواع المسجلة في منطقة الدراسة تبين أن نوعاً واحداً منها كان جديداً على العلم وينتمي لجنس الـ Indigofera.
IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY EVALUATION FOR DIFFERENT PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS OF CIPROFLOXACIN IN ADEN-YEMEN
Authors: Badulla Wafa F. S. , Al-Omary Yafea S. T. , Ali Khaled Saeed
Published: August 2020

Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is classified as a second-generation fluoroquinolone structurally similar to nalidixic acid. It is a widely used antibiotic to treat different types of bacterial infections. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of three different dosage forms of CIP [tablets (Tab coded I, II, III), CIP infusion (Infusion coded I, II, III) and CIP eye drop (Eyedrop coded I, II, III)]. Three most commonly prescribed and dispensed brands for each dosage form were selected. All studied brands were within their shelf life. All brands examined by spectroscopy and the quantity of the active ingredients was with the permitted limits of British pharmacopeia (95-105%). The disk diffusion method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of CIP against E. coli and Staphylococcus Aureus. The highest inhibition zone was at low concentration against E. coli, by Tab-II, Tab-I, and Tab-III tablets respectively. While in the case of infusion, the Infusion-III showed the highest inhibition zone, followed by Infusion-I and Infusion-II. In the case of Staphylococcus Aureus, all Tab I, II, and III have similar potency. At low concentration, Infusion II, III indicated similar while Infusion I had lower potency. However, all brands had slightly higher potency over the standard. All brands of eye drops showed nearly similar potencies against Staphylococcus Aureus with a slight superiority of Eyedrop-I over Eyedrop-II then Eyedrop-III in the highest concentration. All the brands of eye drops showed antimicrobial activity slightly lower than standard. Post-marketing surveillance is an essential issue to distinguish poor-quality medicines. The current study revealed that the marketed CIP pharmaceutical dosage forms showed reasonable antimicrobial activity except for the eyedrops dosage forms which showed slightly lower inhibition zone in comparison to standard
Root CanalIrrigants in Pediatric Dentistry:A Literature Review & Update
Authors: Kotecha Vaibhav
Published: August 2020

Successful root canal treatment is dependent on the removal of microorganisms from he pulp and other anatomical irregularities of the root canal system. However, complete elimination of bacterial contaminants as well as necrotic debris require adjunctive use of root canal irrigants along with mechanical instrumentation. Irrigants can augment mechanical debridement by flushing out debris, dissolving tissue, and disinfecting the root canal system.Chemical debridement is especially needed for primary teeth with complex internal anatomy and zones inaccessible to debridements, such as accessorycanals, ramifications, and dentinal tubules that might be missed by instrumentation.None of the available irrigating solutions alone provides all the ideal requirements. Studies have shown that a combination of two or more irrigating solutions in a specific sequence will help to achieve optimal irrigation
Professional training of agricultural industry assistants as pedagogical problem
Authors: Nataliia Oliinyk  , Liubov Spiridonova Zolotarova
Published: August 2020

Improving the effectiveness of professional training of agricultural professionals is one of the priorities of the higher agricultural education system. The purpose of the article is to determine the main approaches to the professional training of agricultural specialists. According to the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, scientific contributions, the author gives the author's definition: "the willingness of future specialists in the agricultural sector to professional activity as an awareness of the need for purposeful obtaining theoretical knowledge, practical skills for self-formation, awareness of personal and social sphere. " We have identified three stages of professional preparation of students of agricultural profile in the conditions of higher education, the qualities that should be formed for each student: the desire for in-depth study of their profession, the development of interest in it; regular independent performance of educational tasks; honest execution of public tasks, active participation in public life; search for original, non-standard solutions to technical problems. The article emphasizes that the future specialist of agrarian industry requires a combination of deep production and technical knowledge on the one hand, and thorough knowledge of sociological issues - psychological knowledge that would allow effective management of production units and successfully work in different sectors of Ukraine . It is stated that in order to increase the effectiveness of students' education it is necessary to: know the goals of learning, that is, the final knowledge, skills and skills that they must acquire in the course of studying the disciplines; to find forms and methods of control that will allow to evaluate the degree of achievement of the goal, to understand what criteria should be followed in the organization of educational and cognitive activity; to develop programs for the organization of active conscious cognitive activity of each student for mastering the planned knowledge, skills and skills; to create in students appropriate motivation, interest and confidence in the importance and necessity of acquiring certain knowledge, skills and skills that would encourage each student to active conscious work.
Influence of geoinformation technologies to sustainable development of territories
Authors: Lelechenko Anzhela
Published: August 2020

In the course of the study the features of application of geo-information systems and technologies in the management of territories are disclosed. The definition of territorial information management systems as information systems for management of territories that provide processes for the development of optimal spatial solutions is based on the use of up-to-date, reliable and complex geo-information necessary for the implementation of the functions of management of the territory by local authorities. It has been established that geo-technologies, "GIS + Internet", transform geographic information into a universal, economically and socially significant subject of consumption. Today it becomes obvious that the use of geo-information systems and technologies at the local level significantly reduces the cost of maintaining a register of spatial information (land, real estate, engineering communications) and significantly increases the accuracy and relevance of spatial information through centralized management and correct editing of spatial data.
Smart irrigation of agricultural crops
Authors: Murodov Otabek Ulugbekovich  , Kattayev Bobir Sobirovich  , Saylixanova Maftuna Komiljonovna  , Ibodov Islom Nizomiy o`g`li
Published: August 2020

This article provides an overview of the concept of “smart irrigation” and a review of the results of research conducted abroad on smart irrigation. Therefore, research has been analyzed both analytical and practical aspects of the crops. It makes analyses on different research points to get more detailed information as a whole.
“I sexually identify as an Attack Helicopter”: Incels, trolls, and non-binary gender politics online
Authors: Blake Khandis , Godwin Megan , Whyte Stephen
Published: September 2020

Recent public debate on gender identification has provided new alternatives to the traditional binary divergent titles of “man and woman”. Some contributors to this discussion have proposed a more regressive position regarding gender equity and identity awareness, instead choosing to mock online discussion by relabeling their own gender as different forms of military hardware (“attack helicopters”). The describing characteristics of these individuals are unclear. Using a sample of respondents (N=20) to the 2016 Australian Sex Survey, we explore some key demographics of those identifying as inanimate objects of modern warfare, and those simply rejecting the possibility of non-binary alternatives. Our archetype analysis delineates participant characteristics into two subpopulations of “Incel” and “Troll”, and identifies key differences in their demographics, personality traits and online behaviours. On average, the study population presents as single Caucasian males, high school educated, with average to low incomes, and some degree of non-heterosexual attraction. While cyber aggression and trolling are well researched areas, further qualitative and quantitative research is warranted into new growing sub-populations such as Incels, and how they differ from other individuals and groups online.
Blessing in Disguise or Bluffing in This Guide: CDA on the Chinese Language Education Policy for Ethnic Minority Students in Hong Kong
Authors: Li Emil
Published: August 2020

Language reflects ideologies, so does imagery. This paper attempts to uncover the underlying ideologies behind the visual and verbal signs of the brochure titled “Non-Chinese Speaking Parent Information Package: Your Guide to Education in Hong Kong” produced by the Education Bureau, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The brochure was carefully read and interpreted through the lens of Critical Discourse Analysis. The author is interested in how the underpinning ideologies and proposed support measures paint a beautiful and promising education picture for ethnic minority students and their parents in Hong Kong.
The Role of Communication Apprehension and SelfStigma of Academic Help-Seeking in Native and Nonnative English Speakers: Evidence from UK University Students
Authors: Sobotka Marta , Raman Ilhan
Published: August 2020

Although communication apprehension (CA) has long been reported to hinder communication skills and academic attainment, its cumulative impact on self-stigma of academic help-seeking in a global education market has nevertheless been overlooked. The present study examined the relationship between CA and self-stigma of academic help-seeking among British university students who acquired English at different stages in their lives and its impact on achievement. Data were collected from 150 students who completed the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA-24) and the self-stigma of academic help-seeking scale together with a demographic questionnaire. Overall, the findings showed a significant relationship between CA and self-stigma of academic help-seeking while age of English acquisition, residency status and level of study were also found to have a significant effect on the level of CA. The implications of the results are discussed within the higher education provision, pedagogy and psychological frameworks.
Corpus Pattern Analysis of of-Construction Phrase Transformations to the Genitive
Authors: Inoue Ai
Published: August 2020

While it is well known that phrase transformations take place, there has been very little concrete research on phrase transformations and the associated rules. To go some way to filling this gap, this paper used corpus pattern analysis (CPA) to examine of-construction phrases, as exemplified by on the face of it and on its face, and elucidate the syntactic manipulation in the semantic and functional features of on its face. The CPA revealed that on its face was semantically the same as on the face of it (i.e., seemingly), but that the meaning of face, i.e., appearance, had more stress in the on the face of it phrase than the end-focus. Further, on its face was found to more often co-occur with legal lexical items such as constitutional, invalid, and lawful, and to be used more often in legal contexts. The reason on its face was derived from on the face of it was found to be because of the end-focus and the influence of semantically compatible phrases, such as for the sake of ~ and for ~’s sake, on behalf of ~ and on ~’s behalf. However, it should be noted that not all phrases that have of-constructions can be transformed into the genitive; for example, for the life of me does not transform into *for my life because *for my life is most often literally interpreted. It appears that linguistic economy is the most probable reason for phrase transformations from of-constructions to genitive constructions.
Ageing, Sex, Obesity, Smoking and COVID-19—Truths, Myths and Speculations
Authors: Białas Adam , Kumor-Kisielewska Anna , Górski Paweł
Published: September 2020

In early December 2019, in the city of Wuhan in Hubei Province, China, the first infections by a novel coronavirus were reported. Since then, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading to other cities and countries becoming the global emerging epidemiological issue and quickly reaching the status of a pandemic. Multiple risk factors of disease severity and mortality have been identified so far. These include old age, male sex, smoking, and obesity. This concise narrative review highlights the important role of these factors in the pathobiology and clinical landscape of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We especially focused on their significant role in disease severity and mortality. However, in spite of intensive research, most of the presented pieces of evidence are weak and need further verification.
Bayesian estimates of genetic parameters of non-return rate and success in first insemination in Japanese Black cattle
Authors: Setiaji Asep , Arakaki Daichi , Oikawa Takuro
Published: August 2020

Objective: The objective of present study was to estimate heritability of non-return rate (NRR) and success of first insemination (SFI) by using the Bayesian approach with Gibbs sampling. Methods: Heifer Traits were denoted as NRR-h and SFI-h, and cow traits as NRR-c and SFI-c. The variance covariance components were estimated using threshold model under Bayesian procedures THRGIBBS1F90. Results: The SFI was more relevant to evaluating success of insemination because a high percentage of animals that demonstrated no return did not successfully conceive in NRR. Estimated heritability of NRR and SFI in heifers were 0.032 and 0.039 and the corresponding estimates for cows were 0.020 and 0.027. The model showed low values of Geweke (p-value ranging between 0.012 and 0.018) and a low Monte Carlo chain error, indicating that the amount of a posteriori for the heritability estimate was valid for binary traits. Genetic correlation between the same traits among heifers and cows by using the two-trait threshold model were low, 0.485 and 0.591 for NRR and SFI, respectively. High genetic correlations were observed between NRR-h and SFI-h (0.922) and between NRR-c and SFI-c (0.954). Conclusion: SFI showed slightly higher heritability than NRR but the two traits are genetically correlated. Based on this result, both two could be used for early indicator for evaluate the capacity of cows to conceive.
Genetic relationship between purebred and synthetic pigs for growth performance using single step method
Authors: Hong Joon Ki , Cho Kyu Ho , Kim Young Sin , Chung Hak Jae , Baek Sun Young , Cho Eun Seok , Sa Soo Jin
Published: August 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic correlation (rpc) of growth performance between purebred (Duroc and Korean native) and synthetic (WooriHeukDon) pigs using a single-step method.Methods: Phenotypes of 15,902 pigs with genotyped data from 1,792 pigs from a nucleus farm were used for this study. We estimated the rpc of several performance traits between WooriHeukDon and purebred pigs: day of target weight (DAY), backfat thickness (BF), feed conversion rate (FCR), and residual feed intake (RFI). The variances and covariances of the studied traits were estimated by an animal multi-trait model that applied the Bayesian inference.Results: rpc within traits was lower than 0.1 for DAY and BF, but high for FCR and RFI; in particular, rpc for RFI between Duroc and WooriHeukDon pigs was nearly 1. Comparison between different traits revealed that RFI in Duroc pigs was associated with different traits in WooriHeukDon pigs. However, the most of rpc between different traits were estimated with low or with high standard deviation.Conclusion: The results indicated that there were substantial differences in rpc of traits in the synthetic WooriHeukDon pigs, which could be caused by these pigs having a more complex origin than other crossbred pigs. RFI was strongly correlated between Duroc and WooriHeukDon pigs, and these breeds might have similar single nucleotide polymorphism effects that control RFI. RFI is more essential for metabolism than other growth traits and these metabolic characteristics in purebred pigs, such as nutrient utilization, could significantly affect those in synthetic pigs. The findings of this study can be used to elucidate the genetic architecture of crossbred pigs and help develop new breeds with target traits.
Correlation analysis of muscle amino acid deposition and gut microbiota profile of broilers reared at different ambient temperatures
Authors: Yang Yuting , Gao Huan , Li Xing , Cao Zhenhui , Li Meiquan , Liu Jianping , Qiao Yingying , Ma Li , Zhao Zhiyong , Pan Hongbin
Published: August 2020

Objective: Temperature could influence protein and amino acid deposition as well as gut microbiota profile and composition. However, the specific effects of ambient temperature on amino acids deposition and gut microbiota composition remain insufficiently understood.Methods: A total of 300 one-day-old Avian broilers were randomly divided into three groups and reared at high, medium, and low temperature (HT, MT, and LT), respectively. Breast muscle and fecal samples were collected for amino acid composition analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.Results: Our data showed that compared to the MT group, there was a decrease of muscle leucine and tyrosine (p<0.05), as well as an increase of methionine in the HT group (p<0.05) and a decrease of serine in the LT group. Examination of microbiota shift revealed that at genus level, the relative abundance of Turicibacter and Parabacteroides was increased in the HT group (p<0.05) and that the relative abundances of Pandoraea, Achromobacter, Prevotella, Brevundimonas, and Stenotrophomonas in the LT group were higher than those in the MT group (p<0.05). In addition, there were substantial correlations between microbes and amino acids. In the HT group. Turicibacter was negatively correlated with aspartic acid and tyrosine, whereas Parabacteroides was positively correlated with methionine (p<0.05). In the LT group, there were multiple positive correlations between Achromobacter and arginine, isoleucine or tyrosine; between Prevotella and cysteine or phenylalanine; between Brevundimonas and cysteine; and between Stenotrophomonas and cysteine as well as a negative correlation between Stenotrophomonas and serine.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that amino acid content of breast muscle and intestinal microbiota profile was affected by different ambient temperatures. Under heat exposure, augmented abundance of Parabacteroides was correlated with elevated methionine. Low temperature treatment may affect muscle tyrosine content through the regulation of Achromobacter.
Effects of dietary Enteromorpha powder on reproduction-related hormones and genes during the late laying period of Zi geese
Authors: Ma Wei Qing , Zhao Dan Hua , Cheng Huang Zuo , Wang Si Bo , Yang Ji , Cui Hong Xia , Lu Ming Yuan , Wu Hong Zhi , Xu Li , Liu Guo Jun
Published: August 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Enteromorpha powder supplementation on reproduction-related hormones and genes in the late laying period of Zi geese.Methods: A total of 312 (1-year-old) Zi geese with similar laying rate were randomly divided into 2 groups with 6 replicates each, each with 21 female geese and 5 male geese. The control group was fed with a basal diet and the test group was fed with a diet containing 3% Enteromorpha powder. The trial period lasted for 7 weeks.Results: Our results showed that the laying rate was improved in the test group at each week of trial (p<0.01), and the levels of estradiol in serum and prolactin in ovary were increased compared with the control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Based on above results, Enteromorpha powder supplementation at 3% could promote reproductive performance during the late laying period of Zi geese.