bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroanatomical correlates of impulsive traits in children aged 9 to 10
Authors: Owens Max Michael , Hyatt Courtland , Gray Joshua , Miller Josh , Lynam Donald , Hahn Sage , Allgaier Nicholas , Potter Alexandra , Garavan Hugh
Published: February 2020

Background: Impulsivity refers to a set of traits that are generally negatively related to critical domains of adaptive functioning and are core features of numerous psychiatric disorders. Methods: The current study examined the gray and white matter correlates of five impulsive traits measured using an abbreviated version of the UPPS-P impulsivity scale in children aged 9 to 10 (N = 11,052) from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Linear mixed effect models and elastic net regression were used to examine features of regional gray matter and white matter tractography most associated with each UPPS-P scale; intraclass correlations were computed to examine the similarity of the neuroanatomical correlates among the scales. Results: Positive Urgency showed the most robust association with neuroanatomy, with similar but less robust associations found for Negative Urgency. Perseverance showed little association with neuroanatomy. Premeditation and Sensation Seeking showed intermediate associations with neuroanatomy. Critical regions across measures include the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, lateral temporal cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex; critical tracts included the superior longitudinal fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Negative Urgency and Positive Urgency showed the greatest neuroanatomical similarity. Conclusions: Some UPPS-P traits share neuroanatomical correlates, while others have distinct correlates or essentially no relation to neuroanatomy. UPPS-P traits tended to account for relatively little variance in neuroanatomy (i.e., model R2 < 1%) and effects were spread throughout the brain, highlighting the importance of well powered samples.
Redundant color words are more efficient than shorter descriptions
Authors: Rubio-Fernandez Paula
Published: February 2020

It is well documented that people use color words when it is not necessary. This type of redundancy challenges influential work from cognitive science and philosophy suggesting that communication is efficient. The results of an eye-tracking study explain these seemingly contradictory findings by confirming the visual efficiency hypothesis: redundant color words can facilitate the listener’s visual search for a referent, despite making the description unnecessarily long. That is, participants were faster to find ‘the blue star’ than ‘the star’ in a display of shapes with only one star. It is proposed that a referential expression’s efficiency should be based not only on its informational value, but also on its discriminatory value, which means that redundant color words can be more efficient than shorter descriptions.
Pick Your Poison: The Attribution Paradox in Cyberwar
Authors: Jardine Eric , Porter Nathaniel
Published: February 2020

Certainty matters in cyberspace. The so-called attribution problem can impede deterrence, making cyberattacks more likely. But attribution problems can also limit conflict escalation, keeping nations safer. Using a discrete choice experimental design, this article quantifies the scope of the attribution problem for both deterrence and escalation. The results suggest that the attribution problem is really only a problem for deterrence and actually helps limit conflict escalation by reducing support for more severe retaliatory options.
How Effective is the European Union's Savings Tax Directive? Evidence from Four EU Member States
Authors: Rixen Thomas , Schwarz Peter
Published: February 2020

Postprint. Please cite as: Rixen, Thomas and Peter Schwarz (2012) How effective is the European Union's savings tax directive? Evidence from four EU member states. Journal of Common Market Studies, 50(1), 151-168. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2011.02213.x
Development Policy Process in Nepal: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Limbu Prem Prasad
Published: February 2020

The article analyzes the development policy, agenda sources, policy formation, implementation, and evaluation process of Nepal. The description of policy agendas, role of the National Planning Commission (PSC) as development policy agency, trend of planned development approach in Nepal its review target achievements and discussion of identified problems of development plans are also the contents of the article. It further explains the explored problems and ideas to solve them in a complete development policy process Nepal. The article examines the level of social justice analyzing whole development policy process of Nepal along with the interpretation of policy agency through the lance of power sharing based on thematic analysis of data. The article has concluded that the current development policy process is centralized, top-down and elite dominated in a old tendency which is not compatible process to federal structure of Nepal. The reformation of this old tendency through inclusive, bottom-up approach and deconstruction of centralization with insurance of multi-dimensional meaningful participation and ownership development to the concerned stakeholders in all levels is the way of solution. The reformation is necessary in both policy agency institutional structure and policy process of development, such as:, agenda setting, situation analysis, alternative selection, policy adoption, and implementation with due monitoring and evaluation process for the bright future of Nepali peoples.
Fundamentals of Stock Price in Nepalese commercial banks
Authors: Silwal Prem Prasad , Napit Samrina
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study is to ascertain the determinants of the stock market price in Nepalese commercial banks for the period of 2065/66 to 2074/75. It is based on pooled cross-sectional data of ten banks for 10 years whose stocks are listed in Nepal stock exchange. The study employed correlational and causal comparative research design and result reveals that book value per share, price earnings ratio, return on equity have positive relationship with stock price. Dividend yield has positive but minimum influence on the price of the stock whereas size has negative relationship and is statistically insignificant with stock price. Further, it reveals that book value per share is a most influential factor that determines stock price in Nepal.
Correlation of Clinical Score and Serum Acetylcholinesterase Level as a Predictor of Outcome among Patients with Acute Organophosphate Poisoning Admitted in Emergency Ward of a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Chaudhary R , Bhandari R , Malla G , Poudel M. , Lamsal M
Published: February 2020

Background: Monitoring a patient's serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE) status after clinical score of organophosphate poisoning enables the verification of exposure to anticholinesterase agents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria and was categorized according to POP (Peradeniya Organophosphorus Poisoning) score. The study was conducted at a tertiary hospital for one year in the period of Jan 2016 to Dec 2016. POP score was applied and serum acetylcholinesterase level was determined in the lab. Spearman’s rho coefficient method was applied for correlation.

Results: Seventy four patients survived in emergency ward who presented within (4.1 ± 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.43- 4.80; P= 0.021) hours of ingestion of OP compounds, POP score 3 (Q1, Q3, 2, 4), serum AChE 2221 (Q1, Q3, 768.5, 4703.5) IU/L with 9 ( Q1,Q3, 8.75, 34.75) mg of atropine used, 94% received PAM for 5 (Q1, Q3, 3, 7) days of hospital stay.

Four patients died within (7.5 ± 5.4; 95% CI, -1.16- 16.16; P= 0.021) hours of presentation, POP score of 4 (Q1, Q3, 4, 7.75), serum AChE 588 (Q1, Q3, 173, 1912) IU/L, atropine used 170 (Q1, Q3, 152.5, 297) mg, 5.1% received PAM for 3.5 (Q1, Q3, 1, 11.25) days of hospital stay.

Spearman’s rho coefficient showed well correlation between POP score and serum AChE level (coefficient -0.356; P= 0.001), POP score for the need of atropine (coefficient= 0.536; P= 0.001).

Serum AChE also correlated with the length of hospital stay (coefficient= 0.414; P= 0.001) compared to POP score (coefficient= 0.420; P= 0.001).

Conclusions: The higher degree of POP score correlated to higher degree of serum acetylcholinesterase derangement, need for atropine, PAM and length of hospital stay. Thus, it enhances in the prediction of outcome among patients with acute organophosphate poisoning at index visit.
RELASI BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN POLITIK TERHADAP SUKSESI REFORMASI BIROKRASI
Authors: Sinaga Rudi Salam
Published: February 2020

Bureaucratic reform requires the creation of good governance, namely the process of interaction between state institutions to the community derived from elements of civil society in order to perform the construction and establishment of good governance. In the practice to achieve Good Governance found "stagnation" due to the political culture of the organization and not show his support for a succession of bureaucratic reform. This study will look at organizational culture and political relations to the establishment of Good Governance in Indonesia. The method used is descriptive evaluative with the type of qualitative research. The results showed that organizational culture and politics play a major role in the"stagnant" succession of reforms would require strong leadership and visionary in order to oversee the achievement of a succession of bureaucratic reform in Indonesia.
BERITA KRIMINAL DAN PERHATIAN ORANG TUA
Authors: Ritonga Syafruddin
Published: February 2020

This research is a mass communication entitled "NEWS OF CRIMINAL AND ATTENTION PARENTS (Crime News Presentation Effects in Pos Metro Metro Parents Against Attention in Children in the village of Bandar Sei Tuan Klippa Kecataman Percut Deli Serdang)”. The problem in this study is whether the effect of the presentation of crime news in Medan Post Metro Parents Against Attention in Children in the Village District Klippa Percut Bandar Sei Tuan Kabupaten Deli Serdang. The purpose of this study is how the presentation of crime news in Medan Post Metro Parents Against Attention in Children in the Village District Klippa Percut Bandar Sei Tuan Kabupaten Deli Serdang. This research was conducted with the population of 12 neighborhood take 6 environment with the proposed population is 835 people.
Strategi Partai Nasional Demokrat dalam Menghadapi Pilkada Serentak Tahun 2015 Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Malau Roslinda Wati , Hasibuan Muhammad Aswin , Nasution Irwan
Published: February 2020

Research conductedby researchers titled â€œStrategi Partai Nasional Demokrat (NasDem) Dalam Menghadapi Pilkada Serentak Tahun 2015 (Studi Pada Dewan Perwakilan Wilayah Partai Nasional Demokrat Provinsi Sumatera Utaraâ€. The purpose of this study aims to know a strategy of the party Nasional Demokrat (NasDem) in the face of the election simultaneously. A strategy of political is a set of the approach overall related to the implementation of the idea of, planning to a political party can win a fight between a variety of thepower of political process of reform happened where the political process be coming more berdinamika and demokrasi colored by a fight between the very open, until finally neededthe existance of a strategy of political using different approaches in which included noticed a political issue that will be sold to the group voters, take account of the power of her own, and observe the ability of the party of the competitors being political rival. Then in the study this will be seen now the Nasional Demokrat (NasDem) do a variety of things strategy in eforts won a political as the location of the study aut hors. How strong a strategy of political party Nasional Demokrat (NasDem) as the party of the bow of nationalist with all the instruments are there in which answered a political happened, to be able to win pilkada serentak that took place on 9 December 2015 and immediately able to be the preferred and take root in a society. In the study aut hors this will use analysis SWOT, as the theoretically to meausure the extent strength, weakness, the odds, and the threat of faced by the party Nasional Demokrat (NasDem). Including how the Nasional Demokrat (NasDem) tackle obstacles faced during the process of a sound in the effort to win pilkada serentak years 2015.
Investigation, Examination, Control, and Anxiety
Authors: Bergen-Aurand Brian
Published: February 2020

This is a special issue on surveilled bodies, with five articles guest edited by Ira Allen, Assistant Professor of Rhetoric, Writing, and Digital Media Studies at Northern Arizona University and Assistant Editor of Screen Bodies. The question here is one of how screens and bodies are brought together through surveillance (visual and otherwise), how surveillance hails the body to attend to it (beckons us to catch a glimpse of here or there) even as it hides itself from the body, working to be noticed yet remaining unnoticed, in order to keep us “on our toes.” In this light, surveillance is not only about investigating, examining, logging, and controlling the body but also about bringing the body into being as a body-to-be-surveilled, about interpolating the body into becoming evermore surveillable in ever-more granular ways.
GAS-GYPSUM MATERIALS PROPERTIES MODIFIED BY PLASTICIZING AGENTS
Authors: Anikanova L. A. , Kurmangalieva A. I. , Volkova O. V. , Pervushina D. M.
Published: February 2020

The paper deals with porous gypsum building materials having heat-insulating properties and applied in low-rise building construction, in the manufacture of flat and room dividers.

Anhydrite of the Siberian Chemical Combine together with sodium carbonate is used as a gas-forming component. To regulate the plasticity of the mortar mixture, the Steinberg MP-4 and Steinberg PR-1S(A) superplasticizers are introduced into the composition, and their effect on the porous gypsum mixture properties is studied.

The analysis of the superplasticizer influence on the properties shows that the use of the Steinberg MP-4 with the amount of 2 wt.% of gypsum is optimum to achieve high strength of up to 27 MPa, while providing high mobility of the porous mixture. The main role of superplasticizers in a gypsum water-soluble composition is to increase the ξ-potential of the material and to reduce the water-gypsum ratio of the mixture while maintaining its mobility. The effect of superplasticizers largely depends on the initial modification of the binder, its dispersibility and mobility.
Zur Kritik „normativ abstinenter“ Unterrichtsforschung
Authors: Hünig Rahel , Pollmanns Marion , Kabel Sascha
Published: February 2020

Wie empirische Forschung der Normativität der untersuchten Wirklichkeit gerecht werden kann, wird hier am Beispiel qualitativer Unterrichtsforschung diskutiert. Wird die Kategorie Bildung methodologisch oder objekttheoretisch aus ihr verdrängt, kann sie sich nicht erfahrungswissenschaftlich auf unterrichtliche Praxis und ihre Normativität beziehen. Diese These wird auf Basis der Re-Analyse einer Unterrichtssequenz konkretisiert. Sodann wird skizziert, wie Unterricht erfahrungswissenschaftlich auch in seiner Normativität erschlossen werden kann.
Der Exorzismus der „Gesellschaftlichen Konstruktion der Wirklichkeit“
Authors: Kotthaus Jochem
Published: February 2020

In der Debatte um Hubert Knoblauchs kommunikativen Konstruktivismus will dieser Beitrag die methodologischen und methodischen Konsequenzen einer „Umstellung“ der Wissenssoziologie auf „kommunikatives Handeln“ stärker explorieren. Grundsätzlich muss angenommen werden, dass sich der empirische Methodenkanon, wollte man Knoblauchs Überlegungen gerecht werden, stark ausdünnen würde.
Comparison of the clinical effectiveness of ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection with and without needle release of the A1 pulley in treating trigger finger
Authors: Wu Yan-Yan , He Fan-Ding , Chen Kai , Quan Jie-Rong , Guo Xuan-Yan
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the clinical effectiveness of ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection with and without needle release of the A1 pulley in treating trigger finger.

METHODS:

A total of 60 patients with trigger finger were enrolled in this retrospective study. Among them, 30 patients were treated with ultrasound-guided needle release of the A1 pulley with corticosteroid injection (group A) and 30 patients were treated with single ultrasound-guided corticosteroids injection (group B). The following parameters were evaluated including clinical parameters (pain degree, function of joint, finger tendon function, postoperative satisfaction), and ultrasound parameter (thickness of A1 pulley).

RESULTS:

The postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) and Quinnell scores in two groups were significantly lower than that before operation ( p < 0.05). The postoperative Quinnell score of group A was significantly lower than that in group B ( p < 0.05). The TAM results showed that the postoperative overall excellent and good rate of group A was significantly higher than that in group B ( p < 0.05). The postoperative survey showed that more than 80% patients reported satisfaction in the two groups. The ultrasound imaging results showed that the postoperative thickness of A1 pulley in two groups were thinner than that before operation ( p < 0.05). There were no adverse effects and complications in the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

Both approaches had treatment benefit in trigger finger. Ultrasound-guided needle release of the A1 pulley with corticosteroid injection had better treatment benefits than single ultrasound-guided corticosteroids injection in improving finger tendon function and joint function.
WITHDRAWN
Authors: Doe Jane
Published: February 2020

The document associated with this DOI has been withdrawn.
Pengaruh pendidikan ibu terhadap pemilihan alat kontrasepsi Intra Uterine Device (IUD)
Authors: Meilani Mita , Nurhidayati Siti
Published: February 2020

Latar belakang: Program KB (Keluarga Berencana) adalah bagian yang terpadu (integral) dalam program pembangunan nasional dan bertujuan untuk ikut serta menciptakan kesejahteraan penduduk Indonesia, untuk mencapai keseimbangan yang baik. Intra Uterine Device (IUD) merupakan alat kontrasepsi yang paling aman dalam metode pengendalian kelahiran, dan tahan lama. Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui hubungan pendidikan terhadap pemilihan alat kontrasepsi Intra Uterine Device (IUD) pada pasangan usia subur di Puskesmas Sleman Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan survey analitik ini menggukanan pendekatan cross sectional dengan jumlah responden 97 akseptor KB. Hasil: Analisis data menggunakan chi-squre dengan nilai p-value menunjukan hasil 0,008, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa p-values 0,008 0,05 dan terdapat hubungan pendidikan dengan pemilihan alat kontrasepsi Intra Uterine Device (IUD). Simpulan: Berdasarkan analisis Health Technology Assesment (HTA), dapat direncanakan kelas keluarga berencana khusus pasangan usia subur, calon pengantin, serta pasangan beresiko agar dapat memahami tujuan dan manfaat penggunaan alat kontrasepsi. Sehingga dapat memilih alat kontrasepsi yang tepat.
Rancang bangun aplikasi Stimulasi Deteksi Intervensi Dini Tumbuh Kembang Anak (SDIDTK) bagi bidan di posyandu
Authors: Windiyani Winda , Sundari Sri Wahyuni , Nurdianti Dewi
Published: February 2020

Latar belakang: Semakin berkembang dan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk di Indonesia yang sebagian besar merupakan anak – anak dengan usia di bawah 5 tahun menimbulkan masalah bagaimana cara agar anak anak di Indonesia dapat mengalami tahapan perkembangan yang sesuai dengan usianya. Kota Tasikmalaya menjadi salah satu Kota yang mempunyai masalah dalam pelaksanaan Stimulasi Deteksi Intervensi Dini Tumbuh Kembang Anak. Data dari penelitian sebelumnya menyatakan pengetahuan dan sikap bidan sangat baik namun untuk pelaksaanaan SDIDTK sangat kurang hal ini disebabkan banyak bidan yang memang tidak menggunakan instumen pada saat pemeriksaan SDIDTK di Posyandu. Tujuan penelitian: Membuat sebuah software aplikasi yang dapat di install pada Hand Phone supaya digunakan oleh bidan untuk pemantauan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Metode: Penelitian ini dimulai dengan pengambilan data dari hasil penelitian sebelumnya yang dijadikan sebagai data primer dan kemudian meriview beberapa journal terkait yang berhubungan dengan perkembangan anak. Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa data pada aplikasi (Nama Balita, Nama Ibu, Jenis Kelamin, Berat Badan, Tinggi Badan, Lingkar Kepala, Tanggal Lahir, Tanggal Periksa). Simpulan: Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian bahwa suatu aplikasi SDIDTK dapat dijadikan bahan sarana elektronik dalam upaya melakukan pemeriksaan SDIDTK dalam upaya pencegahan keterlambatan perkembangan.
Risk phenomenon as an artificial economic science object
Authors: Kachalov R. M.
Published: February 2020

The conditions for solving the problems caused by the appearance in practice of unknown objects that generate some interfering effects on the objects under study are considered. The necessity of the introduction of artificial entities to overcome the emerging problems is substantiated. The cases of manifestation of the risk phenomenon, methods of its identification and evaluation of the characteristics of the impact on the real socio-economic processes are considered in detail.
The Analysis Knowledge Management System Of Electronic Government South Tangerang Based On Usability Evaluation Using SUMI (Software Usability Measurement Inventory)
Authors: T Thoyyibah , Muharram Asep Taufik
Published: February 2020

E-Government performance in the application of quality management information communication technology is very necessary. A website-based system is also used to improve the quality of services and community participation in development. The context that becomes the material that needs to be examined is public service, the quality of websites managed by the government and user satisfaction so that there is a two-way interaction between the government and the community. The purpose of this study consisted of three stages which were first to determine the role of E-government by utilizing technology to support the development of a reliable information system in South Tangerang Regency. The second is to find out the extent to which the system is used in South Tangerang E-government through Usability Evaluation using SUMI (Software Usability Measurement Inventory). The method used in this study is a method adopted from the Knowledge Management System Life Cycle. The stages of the method are Evaluate Existing Infrastructure, Form The KM Team, Knowledge Capture, Implement the KM system. The results of this study are in the form of usability values on the E-Government website of South Tangerang and usability testing which becomes a benchmark for the success of a system with score scores for 85 effectiveness categories, 81.5
Improving KNN by Gases Brownian Motion Optimization Algorithm to Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Abdolrazzagh-Nezhad Majid , Shokooh Pour Mahyabadi  , Ali Ebrahimpoor
Published: February 2020

In the last decade, the application of information technology and artificial intelligence algorithms are widely developed in collecting information of cancer patients and detecting them based on proposing various detection algorithms. The K-Nearest-Neighbor classification algorithm (KNN) is one of the most popular of detection algorithms, which has two challenges in determining the value of k and the volume of computations proportional to the size of the data and sample selected for training. In this paper, the Gaussian Brownian Motion Optimization (GBMO) algorithm is utilized for improving the KNN performance to breast cancer detection. To achieve to this aim, each gas molecule contains the information such as a selected subset of features to apply the KNN and k value. The GBMO has lower time-complexity order than other algorithms and has also been observed to perform better than other optimization algorithms in other applications. The algorithm and three well-known meta-heuristic algorithms such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) have been implemented on five benchmark functions and compared the obtained results. The GBMO+KNN performed on three benchmark datasets of breast cancer from UCI and the obtained results are compared with other existing cancer detection algorithms. These comparisons show significantly improves this classification accuracy with the proposed detection algorithm.
Operations Research, Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics: The Relationships
Authors: Olabode Adewoye S
Published: February 2020

Many people have difficulty in seeing any difference between Mathematics, Operations Research, Statistics, Computer Science and other disciplines while others are just plain confused. In this work, OR and its applications are being exposed and then compared in order to look into the relationships between OR, Mathematics, Computer Science, Statistics and other fields. It has been realized that all these areas of knowledge are also interrelated with other areas such as Engineering, Physics, Microbiology, Economics etc.
Automation and Mechanics: How it Affects Employee Perceptions and Relationships at Work
Authors: Visagie J. C. , Linde H. M. , Garson S.
Published: February 2020

Automation, and new technologies, have become well-known terms over the last few decades but with this new "fame" a few negative aspects as well. Automation has always carried a particular shadow of fear wherever it went. This fear includes the anxiety of replacement, the fear of unemployment, the fear of conflict between employees and employers and the fear of losing valuable relationships at work if it were to be implemented. In South Africa, seeing as though South Africa is still a developing country, employees have not yet experienced the full impact of automation as in developed countries such as America, China and England. Automation has only been implemented on a small scale in some companies. Nevertheless, these small scale implementations still caused a negative ripple throughout the business sector of the country. Employees perceived automation as being a problem that will only lead to an employee being replaced or losing his or her work. The phenomenological study was done using qualitative research by interviewing low-level employees and their managers/employers. The interviews focused on how employees perceived the various factors of automation. The primary objective of this study was to identify the perceptions that employees had of automation and how they feel automation will affect their world of work. The researcher examined various ways that automation influenced the labour market regarding employees, especially low skilled workers. The results of the study showed that even though automation is still relatively new in South Africa, employees always feared its presence.
Вміст фотосинтетичних пігментів у листках різних форм Berberis thunbergii в умовах Херсонщини
Authors: СУШИНСЬКА НІНА ІВАНІВНА , КОРШИКОВ ІВАН ІВАНОВИЧ
Published: February 2020

Проведено порівняльні дослідження вмісту фотосинтетичних пігментів у листках одно- і дворічних пагонів 8 декоративних форм Berberis thunbergii DC. із колекції Агробіостанції – ботанічного саду Херсонського державного університету. Уміст хлорофілу й суми каротиноїдів визначали в листках цих форм у липні й на початку жовтня, коли ще не було візуально видимих ознак старіння листя. Самі форми відрізнялись різним забарвленням листків: зелене, зелене з біло-сірими плямами, пурпурове, пурпурове з жовтою смугою, пурпурове з біло-сірими плямами, жовте. У жовтні уміст хлорофілу і каротиноїдів у переважній більшості форм був вищим, порівняно з листками цих же форм у липні. Максимальний рівень суми хлорофілів, як і суми каротиноїдів, виявлений у листках із зеленим забарвленням із біло-сірими плямами форми “Kelleris”, у жовтні відповідно – 2,51 мг/г і 0,89 мг/г сирої ваги, а у липні ці показники були такими – 2,11 мг/г і 0,64 мг/г. Найменший вміст хлорофілу – 0,22 мг/г і каротиноїдів – 0,11 мг/г був у липні в листках дворічних пагонів жовтолистого карлика “Bananza Gold”. У листках однорічних пагонів, порівняно з дворічними, уміст фотосинтетичних пігментів, як правило, був більшим. Упродовж вегетації дещо змінювались співвідношення хлорофіл а/ хлорофіл b і сума хлорофілів/ сума каротиноїдів, у липні вони варіювали у межах 1,0–3,1 і 1,0–3,3, а у жовтні – 1,9–3,1 та 1,3–4,0 відповідно. Форми з зеленим забарвленням листків, зазвичай, мали вищий уміст хлорофілу а і b, а також їх суми, порівняно з формами з пурпуровими і, особливо, жовтими листками. Це також стосується і суми каротиноїдів у липні. У жовтні, за винятком форми “Kelleris”, більше каротиноїдів виявлено в листках форм із пурпуровим забарвленням. Суттєві відмінності забарвлення листків декоративних форм B. thunbergii є реальною запорукою для створення різнобарвних садових композицій у парках і скверах.
Гриби роду Pseudospiropes M.B. Ellis (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes, Ascomycota) в Україні
Authors: МЄШКОВ ЯРОСЛАВ ВІТАЛІЙОВИЧ , АКУЛОВ ОЛЕКСАНДР ЮРІЙОВИЧ
Published: February 2020

У статті представлені узагальнені дані про гриби роду Pseudospiropes M.B. Ellis, який до цього часу залишався малодослідженим в Україні. На основі аналізу літературних даних та критичної ревізії зразків, що зберігаються в Науковому мікологічному гербарії CWU (Myc), можна стверджувати про наявність в Україні принаймні чотирьох представників роду: P. simplex (Kunze ex Pers.) M.B. Ellis, P. nodosus (Wallr.) M.B. Ellis, P. josserandii (Bertault) Iturr. та P. obclavatus M.B. Ellis. Наведено повну номенклатурну характеристику та детальний опис видів, їх загальне поширення та поширення в Україні, субстратні уподобання, а також періоди спороношення з урахуванням особливостей природних зон, де їх було виявлено. Створено дихотомічний ключ для визначення видів роду Pseudospiropes України. Для усіх видів наведено оригінальні ілюстрації структур нестатевого спороношення. У статті уточнюється інформація про знахідку Strossmayeria basitricha (Sacc.) Dennis (статева стадія розвитку Pseudospiropes simplex), яку зробив Альберт Пілат під час експедиції Закарпаттям (зразок PRM 149988). У монографії Й. Веленовського вона наводиться як новий для науки вид Gorgoniceps pilatii Velen., а у сучасних статтях місце знахідки помилково вказується як Чехословаччина. Тим самим інформація про вищезгадану знахідку до цього часу не враховувалася у жодному зведенні про гриби України. Особлива увага приділяється аналізу таксономічної значущості морфологічних критеріїв, що традиційно використовуються для розпізнавання видів-двійників P. josserandii та P. simplex. В Україні переважна більшість зразків цих видів представлена анаморфою і лише інколи одночасно з нестатевим спороношенням траплялися апотеції. Тому враховувати морфологічні особливості статевих структур часто не є можливим. Показано, що така ознака як товщина базального рубчика є ненадійною. Зокрема, ступінь її вираженості сильно варіює залежно від зрілості спор на момент збирання зразка. Фактично, єдина ознака, що дозволяє розрізнити види P. josserandii та P. simplex в стадії анаморфи, це ширина базального рубчику спори. Для оцінки надійності цього критерію потрібно провести молекулярно-філогенетичний аналіз.
Determination Disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Winarto Kezia , Rachmawati Dyna
Published: February 2020

Corporate social responsibility is a company's commitment to contribute to sustainable economic development. This study aims to examine and discuss the effect of profitability, leverage, size of the company, the audit committee, board of directors, institutional ownership and public ownership on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility. The study population was the company went public in Indonesia and the sample is manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange in 2015-2018. This research data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression analysis. The stages of data analysis using normality test, classic assumption test the feasibility of models and hypothesis testing. The results of this study prove that profitability, leverage, and governance mechanisms have no effect on the disclosure of CSR. Meanwhile, the size of the company's positive influence on CSR. These results indicate that company size is a factor that can be used in determining the company disclose its CSR activities
A Simulated Night Shift for Undergraduate Paramedicine Students: Lessons Learnt and the Perceived Value towards Learning
Authors: Miles Alecka , Hansen Sara , Mills Brennen
Published: February 2020

Background

Ensuring undergraduate healthcare students are work ready graduates who possess real-world experiences and realistic expectations of their professional environment is essential for Australian universities. This is becoming increasingly more difficult to accomplish with ongoing difficulties on sourcing appropriate clinical placement learning opportunities. We developed and piloted a simulated paramedic night shift investigating if undergraduate paramedic students perceived the experience to be realistic and to what extent they felt it contributed toward their learning.

Methods

A total of 24 undergraduate paramedic students were recruited to participate in a simulated 13-hour paramedic night shift held on university campus. Student satisfaction and perceived value towards learning was measured using an online survey the day after the simulation.

Results

23 of 24 participants completed the online survey. Survey data suggested 22 participants felt the simulated night shift to be realistic of real-life paramedic practice, provided a valuable learning experience and should be made a mandatory component of undergraduate paramedicine curricula.

Conclusion

Given the difficulties associated with providing clinical placement opportunities for students and the perception among health professionals that on entering the workforce many graduates often lack the adaptability required to undertake shift-work and the professional role of a paramedic, educators should consider the merits of providing overnight simulated experiences to undergraduate students to better prepare and acclimatise students to overnight shift work.
Audit Committee Effectiveness and Earnings Management Among Publicly Listed Firms in Kenya
Authors: Kapkiyai Collins , Cheboi Josephat , Komen Joyce
Published: February 2020

Objective: The paper sought to investigate the role of an effective audit committee in controlling earnings management practices.
Design / Methodology: A panel data sourced from the audited financial reports of firms listed at the Kenyan Nairobi Securities Exchange for the periods between 2004 and 2017 were analyzed using a panel regression model.
Findings: Audit committee effectiveness proved an important monitoring mechanism for earnings management. The independence, Meeting frequency, and financial expertise of the audit committee evidenced a negative and significant effect on earnings management.
Practical Implications: Firms need to ensure that their audit committees operate effectively. This is achieved through enhancing their independence, ensuring optimal meeting frequency, and a higher number of members with financial expertise for fewer earnings management.
Originality: The paper suggests the ways through which audit committee effectiveness can be enhanced to reduce earnings management amid rampant global financial scandals.
Senior High School Students References in Choosing Orthodontic Treatment Provider: A Study in Marelan Subdistrict 2018
Authors: Feni Firdanigrum  , Kintoko Rochadi  , Ameta Primasari
Published: February 2020

Initially the use of orthodontic appliance (braces) was intended to tidy up the teeth that had an irregular shape. The phenomenon of braces is increasingly prevalent among teenagers because in addition to health reasons then developed into a reason to support the appearance and eventually become a self-identity for adolescents. Finally, there are more victims of dental artisans who report disruption of oral health due to the installation of braces on dental artisans. Because the installation is not in accordance with the medical standard. The purpose of this study was to determine how senior high school student choose orthodontic treatment provider. To achieve these objectives, research was conducted using independent variables, namely knowledge, cost, distance, family support. The subjects of this study were 105 senior high school students. The subjects were taken using non-probability sampling and purposive sampling techniques. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression test by taking into account the simultaneous test, classic assumption and partial test, correlation test determinant. The results of this study indicate that the variable cost (p=0, 0001), distance (p=0,014) and consumer knowledge (p=0,014) significantly influence the dependent variable (consumer decision) while the family support variable (p = 1,000) has no effect. Different from family (p = 1,000 > 0.05) support that has no relationship with consumer decision-making to choose orthodontic treatment provider, service costs (p = 0, 0001 < 0, 05), the distance traveled by respondents (p = 0.014 <0.05) and knowledge of respondents (p = 0.014 <0.05) have relationship with consumer decision making to choose orthodontic treatment provider both in Public and Private High Schools, and Public and Private Vocational Schools in Marelan Subdistrict, respectively.
Direct Measurement of Free Radical Levels in the Brain After Cortical Ischemia Induced by Photothrombosis
Authors: MARES J. , NOHEJLOVA K. , STOPKA P. , ROKYTA R.
Published: February 2020

Tissue ischemia is connected with the production of free radicals (FR). This study was designed to directly measure of the amount of FR in rat brains related to a photothrombotic ischemic event shortly after establishing the lesion. A model of left hemisphere photothrombosis ischemia was used in the experiment. Brains of animals from the experimental group were removed and placed in liquid N2 for 60 min after the green laser exposure, the control group brains, exposed to the photosensitive dye Rose Bengal (RB), were placed in liquid N2 for 80 min after RB application, naïve control brains were also briefly stored in liquid N2. Spectroscopy of electron paramagnetic (spin) resonance was used to directly measure FR (hydroxyl (OH●) and nitroxyl (NO●). Compared to naïve controls, both the ischemia and RB groups had significantly higher levels of OH●, however, there were no differences between them. Comparison of hemispheres, i.e. with and without ischemia, in the experimental group did not show any significant difference in OH●. NO● were elevated in the ischemia and RB groups compare to naïve controls. Higher levels of NO● were found in hemispheres with ischemia compared to unexposed hemispheres. Increases in OH● were probably associated with the action of RB itself in this model of ischemia. Increases in NO● were closely related to the pathogenesis of photothrombotic ischemia and could be related to the activity of nitric oxide synthases.
Depletion of Alveolar Macrophages Attenuates Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension but not Hypoxia-Induced Increase in Serum Concentration of MCP-1
Authors: ŽALOUDÍKOVÁ M. , VYTÁŠEK R. , VAJNEROVÁ O. , HNILIČKOVÁ O. , VÍZEK M. , HAMPL V. , HERGET J.
Published: February 2020

Exposure to hypoxia, leading to hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH), is associated with activation of alveolar macrophages (AM). However, it remains unclear how AM participate in this process. There are studies which imply that the AM product monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) plays an important role. Thus we tested: 1. if the selective elimination of AM attenuates HPH in rats, 2. the correlation of MCP-1 plasmatic concentrations with the presence and absence of AM during exposure to hypoxia, 3. the direct influence of hypoxia on MCP-1 production in isolated AM. We found that experimental depletion of AM attenuated the chronic hypoxia-induced increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure, but did not affect the serum MCP-1 concentrations. Furthermore, the MCP-1 production by AM in vitro was unaffected by hypoxia. Thus we conclude that AM play a significant role in the mechanism of HPH, but MCP-1 release from these cells is most likely not involved in this process. The increase of MCP-1 accompanying the development of HPH probably originates from other sources than AM.
Identification of Novel Biomarker Candidates for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Other Cardiovascular Diseases Leading to Heart Failure
Authors: REHULKOVA H. , REHULKA P. , MYSLIVCOVA FUCIKOVA A. , STULIK J. , PUDIL R.
Published: February 2020

In-depth proteome discovery analysis represents new strategy in an effort to identify novel reliable specific protein markers for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and other life threatening cardiovascular diseases. To systematically identify novel protein biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases with high mortality we employed an isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) proteome technology to make comparative analysis of plasma samples obtained from patients suffering from non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, stable dilated cardiomyopathy, aortic valve stenosis, chronic stable coronary artery disease and stable arterial hypertension. We found 128 plasma proteins whose abundances were uniquely regulated among the analyzed cardiovascular pathologies. 49 of them have not been described yet. Additionally, application of statistical exploratory analyses of the measured protein profiles indicated the relationship in pathophysiology of the examined cardiovascular pathologies.
Statin-Induced Changes in Mitochondrial Respiration in Blood Platelets in Rats and Human With Dyslipidemia
Authors: VEVERA J. , FIŠAR Z. , NEKOVÁŘOVÁ T. , VRABLÍK M. , ZLATOHLÁVEK L. , HROUDOVÁ J. , SINGH N. , RABOCH J. , VALEŠ K.
Published: February 2020

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used drugs for lowering blood lipid levels and preventing cardiovascular diseases. However, statins can have serious adverse effects, which may be related to development of mitochondrial dysfunctions. The aim of study was to demonstrate the in vivo effect of high and therapeutic doses of statins on mitochondrial respiration in blood platelets. Model approach was used in the study. Simvastatin was administered to rats at a high dose for 4 weeks. Humans were treated with therapeutic doses of rosuvastatin or atorvastatin for 6 weeks. Platelet mitochondrial respiration was measured using high-resolution respirometry. In rats, a significantly lower physiological respiratory rate was found in intact platelets of simvastatin-treated rats compared to controls. In humans, no significant changes in mitochondrial respiration were detected in intact platelets; however, decreased complex I-linked respiration was observed after statin treatment in permeabilized platelets. We propose that the small in vivo effect of statins on platelet energy metabolism can be attributed to drug effects on complex I of the electron transport system. Both intact and permeabilized platelets can be used as a readily available biological model to study changes in cellular energy metabolism in patients treated with statins.
Blood Ghrelin, Adiponectin and Resistin Levels During Controlled Ovarian Stimulation in IVF Cycles
Authors: DAFOPOULOS K. , MESSINI C. I. , ANIFANDIS G. , GEORGOULIAS P. , SOURLAS D. , MESSINIS I. E.
Published: February 2020

The aim of the present study was to investigate changes of blood ghrelin, adiponectin and resistin levels in IVF/ICSI-ET cycles. Twenty women were stimulated with recombinant FSH in a GnRH agonist short protocol for IVF/ICSI. Blood samples were taken on cycle day 2 before the commencement of injections, on cycle day 6 and on the days of HCG injection, oocyte pick up (OPU), embryo transfer (ET) as well as 7 and 12 days post-ET. Serum E2 levels increased during the stimulation, peaking on the HCG day and declined thereafter (p<0.001). Serum progesterone levels started to increase on the OPU day, peaking on the ET day (p<0.001) and decreased on days 7 and 12 post-ET. Plasma ghrelin remained unchanged during the whole cycle. Serum adiponectin levels remained stable during the stimulation period until the ET day and decreased on days 7 and 12 post-ET (p<0.001). Serum resistin levels increased until the ET day (p<0.05), remained unchanged on day 7 post-ET and decreased on day 12 post-ET (p<0.05). The present study shows for the first time that ghrelin levels did not change significantly during IVF/ICSI-ET cycles. Resistin levels increased during the stimulation period while adiponectin levels remained stable decreasing during the luteal phase.
The Mycophenolate Mofetil Therapy in Corticoresistent Idiopathic Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Authors: Spahia Nereida , Rroji Merita , Barbullushi Myftar , Sasdelli Mauro
Published: February 2020

The Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the most frequent glomerular nephropathies affecting both children and adults. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the effects of Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF) in Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) with biopsy proven Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) resistant to other therapies. We treated 20 patients, of which 12 males, with a median age of 39 years (ranging between 18 and 62 years), with Nephrotic Syndrome, all being resistant to or relapsing on steroid and immunosuppressive therapy. They were treated with MMF (1-2 g/day) and Methylprednisolone 0.5 mg/kg at alternate days for an average period of ten months (ranging between 3 and 13 months). Two patients discontinued treatment after three and five months respectively, for gastric intolerance. Another patient discontinued MMF after six months due to deterioration of kidney function. No significant differences were observed between pretreatment values and at the end of the treatment for plasma creatinine, Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), while the excretion rate of urinary proteins was significantly reduced from 7.68 ± 3.54 to 3.20 ± 2.92 g/day, (p<0.001). After MMF we observed a complete remission in two patients (10%), an incomplete remission in three patients (15%), a partial remission in six patients (30%), no response in eight patients (40%) and a worsening of kidney function in one patient (5%). It was concluded that in resistant Nephrotic Syndrome by FSGS, MMF can favor stable remission, preserving renal function and hence being considered as an alternative therapy to calcineurin inhibitors, but with lower toxicity.