bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unified existence results for nonlinear fractional boundary value problems
Authors: Talib Imran , Batool Asmat , Riaz Muhammad Bilal , Alam Md. Nur
Published: January 2024

In this work, we focus on investigating the existence of solutions to nonlinear fractional boundary value problems (FBVPs) with generalized nonlinear boundary conditions. By extending the framework of the technique based on well-ordered coupled lower and upper solutions, we guarantee the existence of solutions in a sector defined by these solutions. One notable aspect of our study is that the proposed approach unifies the existence results for the problems that have previously been discussed separately in the literature. To substantiate these findings, we have added three illustrative examples.
Nonlinear nonlocal equations involving subcritical or power nonlinearities and measure data
Authors: Gkikas Konstantinos T.
Published: January 2024

Let $ s\in(0, 1), $ $ 1 < p < \frac{N}{s} $ and $ \Omega\subset{\mathbb R}^N $ be an open bounded set. In this work we study the existence of solutions to problems ($ E_\pm $) $ Lu\pm g(u) = \mu $ and $ u = 0 $ a.e. in $ {\mathbb R}^N\setminus \Omega, $ where $ g\in C({\mathbb R}) $ is a nondecreasing function, $ \mu $ is a bounded Radon measure on $ \Omega $ and $ L $ is an integro-differential operator with order of differentiability $ s\in(0, 1) $ and summability $ p\in(1, \frac{N}{s}). $ More precisely, $ L $ is a fractional $ p $-Laplace type operator. We establish sufficient conditions for the solvability of problems ($ E_\pm $). In the particular case $ g(t) = |t|^{ \kappa-1}t; $ $ \kappa > p-1, $ these conditions are expressed in terms of Bessel capacities.
L’abbaye de Ripoll et la fête des morts au xie siècle. À propos d’un témoin inédit du Statutum de defunctis d’Odilon de Cluny
Authors: Declercq Georges
Published: January 2024

Il n’existe que très peu de copies du décret par lequel l’abbé Odilon de Cluny a instauré vers 1030 la fête des morts. Cet article examine un témoin inédit de ce décret qui se trouve dans un manuscrit du deuxième quart du xie siècle provenant de l’abbaye de Ripoll en Catalogne. Ce manuscrit a apparemment été écrit dans le scriptorium de l’abbaye à l’époque de l’abbé Oliba (1008-1046), qui était également évêque de Vic (1017/18-1046). La présence du décret d’Odilon dans ce manuscrit constitue l’indice le plus tangible d’un lien entre Cluny et Ripoll, et plus particulièrement entre l’abbé Odilon et l’abbé-évêque Oliba.
Analyse et visualisation des stratégies de communication d’une organisation sur Twitter
Authors: Yilmaz Alyse , Torrez-Yepez Luis , Zreik Khaldoun
Published: January 2024

Explorant la communication d’Enedis sur Twitter à travers l’analyse de contenu et des réseaux sociaux, ainsi que la visualisation de données, ce travail met en lumière les dynamiques communicationnelles complexes en jeu entre l’entreprise, ses partenaires et sa clientèle. Les résultats révèlent de riches thématiques centrées sur des enjeux tels que l’écologie et l’énergie. Ces découvertes, illustrées par des cartographies et des nuages de mots, démontrent le potentiel de ces approches pour l’intelligibilité dans le contexte organisationnel en vue d’éclairer les décisions stratégiques et communicationnelles futures.
Réconcilier savoirs et savoir-faire
Authors: Leyoudec Lénaïk
Published: January 2024

La start-up Perfect Memory édite une plateforme dite d’« intelligibilité des données ». Notre enquête, réalisée grâce à une convention CIFRE, a consisté à vérifier la promesse de la start-up quant aux documents qu’elle gère pour le compte d’organisations clientes. Un corpus d’une centaine de documents, allant de captures d’écran de l’interface utilisateur aux discours d’escorte publiés par l’entreprise, en passant par le code sous-jacent à la plateforme, a été interrogé à l’aide de la sémiotique des écrits d’écran. Nos principaux résultats mettent en perspective les choix des « maîtres de l’architexte » et leurs implications dans la plateforme même et son usage par les organisations clientes de la start-up.
De la donnée à la connaissance, de l’intelligibilité à l’action
Authors: Amairia Ali
Published: January 2024

La donnée fascine et intéresse de nombreuses disciplines scientifiques. Que ce soient les praticiens ou les scientifiques, miser sur la donnée est devenu essentiel pour prendre des décisions. Pour autant, l’accent ne doit plus être mis sur l’abondance mais sur la compréhension, l’intelligibilité. Nous analysons ici, au travers du prisme communication-connaissance, le travail d’un service régional en charge de produire de la connaissance territoriale. Mobilisant compétences et outils techniques, les agents de ce service doivent faire passer la donnée au stade de connaissance. Pour cela, il y a différentes étapes dans ce processus exigeant, où la communication est l’agent d’une traduction réussie.
Les implications de l’intelligence artificielle pour la communication stratégique et organisationnelle
Authors: Buhmann Alexander
Published: January 2024

Dans cet article, Alexandre Buhmann propose un cadre normatif composé de trois principes de communication clés que peuvent mettre en œuvre les entreprises responsables lorsque les relations avec les parties prenantes sont lourdement perturbées par des préoccupations épistémiques liées à l’IA. Les principes communicationnels visent à faciliter l’accès à un débat continu, compréhensible et inclusif.
Le rapport de la FRA, témoin des atteintes aux droits fondamentaux dans l’Union européenne à l’heure du conflit Russo-Ukrainien
Authors: Tesson Jeanne , Thomazo Gabriel
Published: January 2024

Comme chaque année, l’Agence des droits fondamentaux de l’Union européenne a publié en 2023 son rapport faisant état des lieux des droits fondamentaux dans l’Union. Marquée par la sortie de la crise Covid et le début du conflit russo-ukrainien, l’année 2022 fut sujette à une aggravation quant au non-respect des droits fondamentaux. L’occasion pour l’Agence de mettre en avant son expertise en la matière malgré l’absence de force contraignante de ses recommandations.
Investigating a Marginalized Business Asset
Authors: Jones Laura Ann , McAndrew Ian
Published: January 2024

This study explores the concept of opportunity risks, which involve pursuing uncertainties to achieve favorable outcomes. The goal of this study is to offer practical applications for opportunity risk management in the cybersecurity environments of organizations that seek to include this often-overlooked factor in their decision-making process. Opportunity risks are significant to cybersecurity environments and industries seeking to enhance their decision-making processes and risk response options. Despite the need for better decision-making approaches in a world that is increasing in hyper-intelligence and technological transformation, opportunity risk remains a marginalized business asset. This research sheds light on a more balanced approach to managing risks. A systematic literature review was the primary research method used in this study to investigate opportunity risk. This study aims to identify and evaluate relevant theories, approaches, and techniques for leveraging the favorable side of risks.
Microbial Volatile Compounds (MVOCs) in Food Industries and Food Safety Applications
Authors: Nagashri N. , Archana L. , Raghavan Ramya
Published: January 2024

Natural, organic, and preservative-free foods are in high demand, and food quality control is essential for ensuring the safety, taste, appearance, and health value of food products throughout the supply chain. Microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) can be used as biomarkers for toxins and spoilage, and some MVOCs can be human carcinogens and neurotoxins. MVOCs are produced by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi during physiological processes such as lipid oxidation, fermentation, and fruit ripening. They can lead to food spoilage and economic losses by affecting the sensory properties, composition, flavor, shelf life, and safety of foods. Food security is a complex issue that involves many fields, including agriculture, economics, public health, microbiology, chemistry, food engineering, and artificial intelligence. Stakeholders should address the gaps in MVOC detection to revisit and upgrade food regulations. Given the health risks and economic implications, this chapter provides insight into MVOC-associated emerging technologies for regulatory assessments.
Advancing IoT Security Posture K-Means Clustering for Malware Detection
Authors: Dayoub Ali , Omar Marwan
Published: January 2024

The ever-expanding internet of things (IoT) ecosystem has brought with it new challenges in terms of security and malware detection. In this chapter, the authors introduce a novel approach to IoT malware detection using K-means clustering. They present comprehensive results and analysis demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach compared to traditional mobile-net IoT and image-net IoT methods. The approach achieves superior precision, recall, and overall performance, while maintaining a low false positive rate. This research provides valuable insights into the potential of K-means clustering in IoT security and sets the stage for further research in this critical domain.
Decision Trees Unleashed
Authors: Mohammed Derek , Omar Marwan
Published: January 2024

This chapter presents an in-depth study on the application of decision tree-based classifiers for the detection of malware in internet of things (IoT) environments. With the burgeoning expansion of IoT devices, the threat landscape has grown increasingly complex, making traditional security measures insufficient. This study proposes an innovative approach using decision tree algorithms to address the growing concern of IoT malware. The research methodology encompasses a comprehensive analysis of IoT vulnerabilities, focusing on malware threats and the development of a decision tree-based classifier. The classifier is empirically validated using the MaleVis dataset, a rich source of real-world IoT malware data. Performance metrics such as precision, recall, specificity, F1-score, accuracy, and processing time are meticulously evaluated to determine the efficacy of the model.
Intrusion Outlier Neutralizer
Authors: Jones Angel Justo
Published: January 2024

The proliferation of the internet of things (IoT) has significantly enhanced the convenience and functionality of various applications ranging from personal devices to industrial systems. However, this expansion has also escalated the vulnerability of these networks to sophisticated malware attacks, posing a critical threat to the security and reliability of IoT systems. This chapter introduces an innovative defense framework based on the local outlier factor (LOF) technique for effective malware detection in IoT networks. The framework employs a systematic approach, starting from data collection and preprocessing to the application of LOF for anomaly detection. The research demonstrates through empirical analysis that the LOF-based method outperforms traditional malware detection techniques, offering higher precision, recall, and lower false positive rates. The comparative analysis with existing IoT malware detection methods such as Mobile-net IoT and Image-net IoT further validates the superiority of the LOF approach.
Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in the Nail Care Industry
Authors: Jones Laura Ann
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the cyber vulnerabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics in the nail care industry, mainly using nail-painting robot technology, and identifies other cybersecurity concerns. The wide use of evolving technologies across sectors is not a new phenomenon; however, the utilization of robotics in nail salons is a recent development, with its initial implementation less than three years ago. The possibility of unauthorized access to or control of the robots exists for industries that leverage these technological advancements. Despite limited public reporting on cyberattacks in nail salons, the increasing adoption of AI and robotics necessitates implementing proactive cybersecurity measures. Hackers exploit vulnerabilities before the weaknesses in technology are made known. Due to the human safety risks that robots can cause, financial implications, and the prospect of being targeted for malicious cyber activity, protecting the nail care industry through sound cybersecurity measures is imperative.
Mapping Boundaries
Authors: Dhabliya Dharmesh , Gupta Ankur , Dari Sukhvinder Singh , Soni Monika , Kumar Jambi Ratna Raja , Ikhar Sharayu , Pramanik Sabyasachi
Published: January 2024

Different digital communication technologies provide different methods and capacities for monitoring, self-disclosure, and privacy control. As a result, different user behaviors and attitudes about privacy are elicited. This study examines the similarities and differences between computer and mobile phone usage using content analysis of 12 focus groups with college students at a US institution between 2006 and 2022. It does this by drawing on the media mastery framework and the comparative privacy research framework. The comparisons and their combinations among certain privacy-related codes from the boundaries subcomponent of the media mastery framework show both notable parallels and differences, according to the analysis. Excerpts from the focus groups provide more context for these conclusions. A cluster analysis of the codes identifies a number of overarching themes, including trust and safety and stepping over the private-public dividing line. There are theoretical and practical ramifications to the topic.
Patient-Centred Care in ACL Reconstruction and Meniscus Repair and Rehabilitation
Authors: Morris Gareth Richard , Cao Qing Qing , Wang Anqia , Yoshida Mitsuhiro
Published: January 2024

There is an inherent risk for anyone who plays competitive sport or engages in strenuous activity that at some juncture they may suffer an injury which will require surgery. This is a situation in which prevention is not always a viable substitute for cure. Beyond the immediate pain and distress that injuries can cause and the difficult decisions that may have to be made with regards to surgery, there is also a wide range of physical and psychological challenges that patients will face and have to overcome during their recovery journeys. This chapter considers the case of an experienced expatriate amateur sports player in China who ruptured his ACL and punctured his meniscus playing football. It explores his experience of the process he then went through as he navigated diagnosis, surgery, and subsequent recovery, considering his rehabilitation motivation and the social identity impact he encountered. It also takes into account patient autonomy, shared decision making, and engagement in medical practice.
Family and Family Functioning as an Indispensable Stakeholder of the Fight Against Addiction
Authors: Sütlü Sevinç , Kutlu Özge
Published: January 2024

Whether or to what extent family functions are fulfilled may be perceived differently by family members. In the relationships between parents and children, the behavior displayed at the source is often not the same as the feeling it creates in the recipient. While harmony within the family is considered among the protective factors in terms of addiction, the opposite situations appear as a risk factor. This chapter evaluates the family relationships within the scope of the study conducted with opioid/polysubstance addicts and their relatives who applied within the scope of the multidimensional counseling, treatment, and rehabilitation program called “Opening the Door to Hope, Holding on to Life” for addicts.
Addiction to Social Media
Authors: Saqib Natasha , Amin Faseeh , Mathu Altaf Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Researchers over the last decade have drawn attention to a new trend in social media use which has been described by some psychologists as social media addiction. Social media addictive behaviour is defined as an excess usage of social networks for entertainment, communication, and expression. The excessive usage of social media is damaging for the user's mental wellbeing as it leads to irritability, tension, unease, and many other ailments. Even though social media usage was already rising globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has made users use it more recurrently and often in new ways to bond with others. Social media has allowed people to work without any hindrance in the pandemic, but some users have resorted to its excess use. This chapter provides an important perspective on the rising use of social media across the world. This chapter also provides guidelines on how to reduce the use of social media and use it when required.
Online Therapy During COVID-19 and Beyond
Authors: Öztaş Gülin Zeynep , Tuş Ayşegül , Aytaç Adali Esra , Öztaş Tayfun
Published: January 2024

The quarantine measures taken to prevent the risk of transmitting COVID-19 have seriously affected the mental health of many people. Therefore, the demand for online therapy services has increased even more in this era. This chapter aims to provide guidance to individuals in choosing the most suitable online therapist from the array of available options through the development of a decision model. In this direction, the criteria that potential clients pay attention to when choosing therapists will be weighted with level-based weight assessment (LBWA) method. This study holds importance in shedding light on the criteria that clients prioritize when evaluating online therapists and how therapists are assessed based on these criteria. The absence of quantitative research on the evaluation of online therapists underscores a gap in the existing literature, highlighting the originality and significance of this study.
Thermal and Natural Light Comfort Analysis of Bouça Social Housing Development in Porto, Portugal
Authors: Pereira Susana , Figueiredo Bruno , Mendonca Paulo
Published: January 2024

Performative architecture suppose synergy between both functional and formal aspects of architectural design. Considering these aspects as distinct from each other may result in an architectural expression where the functional and technical aspects are merely an afterthought, added in the final stage to comply with regulations and standards. A more comprehensive approach to design considers its performance in all stages of the design process, integrating the technical and aesthetic aspects. This research intends to reassert the role of designers in ensuring the performance of buildings by integrating actively simulation software in the design process. Climate Studio and Rhinoceros 3D were used to analyse the daylight and thermal performance of the case study that supports this research. The architectural field is undergoing a transformation through the growing integration of digital and computational tools, experiencing a shift in the architectural design process. Since the 1970s, computer-based modelling and simulation software have been employed to analyze the performance of buildings. Currently, due to the progress in both hardware and software, simulation tools are extensively available and can be integrated into various stages of the design process. The housing complex of Bouça Residents' Association results from a notable initiative that aimed to offer comfortable and affordable housing to individuals residing in the informal communities known as "ilhas" in Porto. Designed by Álvaro Siza Vieira, the project represents a pivotal moment in the 20th-century Portuguese social housing experiments and stands out as a significant milestone in the history of Portuguese architecture. This study examines various design alternatives, building upon the existing case study, to explore the benefits of integrating modelling and simulation software to evaluate and enhance their performance.
Identification of Crystal Structure, Surface Area, and Magnetic Properties of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/rGO Nanocomposites
Authors: Najmi M. Ikhwan , Sunaryono Sunaryono , Latifah Eny , Taufiq Ahmad , Mufti Nandang , Chusna Nadiya Miftachul
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research is to identify the crystal structure, surface area, and magnetic properties of The Mn0.25Fe2.75O4-rGO (reduced Graphene Oxide) nanocomposites (NCs). The synthesis of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4-rGO nanocomposites used the co-precipitation method. The rGO was obtained from the chemical reduction of GO by hydrazine hydrate as the reduction agent. The ratio between Mn0.25Fe2.75O4 nanoparticles and rGO was 1:1 that ultrasonicated at 200 Hz for an hour. The IR spectra of NCs from the FTIR instrument showed that the absorption band around 580 cm-1 and 1622 cm-1 corresponds to the stretching mode of Fe-O and C=C respectively. According to X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern analysis, peak of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4 was detected on 2θ at 30.1°, 35.5°, 53.5°, 57.1°, 62.7° and the peak of rGO phases was amorphous that detected on 2θ between 17º and 30º. The XRD pattern analysis and FTIR spectra have proved the completion of NC’s synthesis. The crystallite size was between 10.3 nm by Scherer's formula. The Specific Surface Area showed that the surface area of the nanocomposites was 100.61 m2/g and the Molecular cross-sectional area was 0.162 nm2 by BET Theory. The Magnetic properties show that the NCs were Superparamagnetic material that has a saturation magnetization of 9.34 emu/g. The material has many potentials to be explored by the researcher around the world.
Single-Domain Hard Ferromagnetic M-SrFe Nanoparticles for Magnetic Data Storage
Authors: Rani S. Stefy Silvia , Radhika S , Padma C.M.
Published: January 2024

Single-domain M-type Strontium Ferrite nanoparticles are prepared by the co-precipitation method. The crystallite size of the M-SrFe Nps is 58.1 nm, as determined by the XRD pattern. The SEM micrographs reveal the hexagonal morphology. M-SrFe Nps is depicted in EDS analysis. According to VSM characterization, the sample is a hard magnetic material with high coercivity. With its outstanding magnetic characteristics, hexaferrite is typically employed in permanent magnetic materials and recording devices. The band gap energy is determined to be 1.95 eV from the UV-DRS reflectance data using the Kubelka-Munk plot. The absorbed wavelength with the highest intensity peak in PL analysis is 629.9 nm. The TG-DTA investigations support the remarkable thermal stability of M-SrFe Nps. The resistivity of the sample, 0.312 Ωm is calculated using the four-probe method.
Efficacy and safety of Apixaban for the prevention of thrombosis in arteriovenous grafts
Authors: Hedayat Arash , Soltani Aidin Esrafilian , Hakiminezhad Mahdi , Zareian Fateme , Saneian Mandana , Moradmand Mohamad , Abrishami Sahand , Nodoushan Mohamad Hosein Tabatabaei , Pouriayevali Ali , Mohebbi Mahdi , Ghorbani Helia
Published: January 2024

This research aims to fill a vital gap in existing studies by evaluating the efficacy and safety of Apixaban, a direct oral anticoagulant, in the prevention of arteriovenous graft (AVG) thrombosis, thereby offering substantial insights into alternative anticoagulant options for hemodialysis patients. Conducted as a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, this study involved end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who had recently received polytetrafluoroethylene grafts. Participants were assigned to receive either Apixaban at a dose of 2.5 mg twice daily or a placebo. The primary outcome measure was the occurrence of graft thrombosis, while secondary outcomes focused on the incidence and severity of bleeding. Analytical methods included Kaplan-Meier estimates, Cox proportional hazards models, and conventional statistical tests. With 96 patients enrolled, the study found that Apixaban significantly reduced the incidence of AVG thrombosis compared to placebo (16.7% vs. 62.5%, P < 0.0001). Notably, this reduction in thrombosis incidence was not accompanied by an increase in bleeding events, thus affirming the safety profile of Apixaban as established in prior research. Apixaban is identified as an efficacious alternative to traditional anticoagulants in the prevention of AVG thrombosis among hemodialysis patients, representing a notable advancement in the care of individuals with ESRD. The results of this study support further investigations into the optimal dosing strategies specifically tailored for this patient demographic.
Incidence, Determinants, and Outcome of Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Khandy Aashaq Hussain , Shiekh Rayees , Nabi Tauseef , Sheikh Mohamad Tahir , Sheikh Rayees Yousuf
Published: January 2024

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the common cause of in-hospital acquired AKI and is associated with in-hospital mortality and prolonged hospital stay. We studied the incidence of CI-AKI after PCI, determinants of CI-AKI, and also assessed their length of hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, and need for dialysis. This was a hospital-based prospective observational study done on 204 adult subjects, who were candidates for PCI, at a tertiary care center in North India. Various clinical and biochemical parameters were monitored. Renal function was estimated at admission and 48 and 72 h after PCI. The incidence of CI-AKI post-PCI was 12.7%. Factors predicting the CI-AKI post-PCI on multiple logistic regression analysis are as follows: age ≥70 years, chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypotension, acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD), and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) support. Contrast medium volume ≥200 mL and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 were significantly found to increase the risk of CI-AKI. Patients developing CI-AKI had significantly longer duration of hospital stay (6.4 ± 1.8 days vs. 3.1 ± 0.9 days; P <0.001). 15.4% of CI-AKI patients needed dialysis. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in patients with CI-AKI (P <0.001). CI-AKI is a common complication following PCI, especially if the patient is elderly, has impaired renal function, hypotension, ADHF, severe LVSD and requires IABP support. The incidence of CI-AKI increases with the increases in contrast volume above 200 mL. The development of CI-AKI leads to a longer duration of hospital stay and increases in-hospital mortality.
Lactoferrin: A Promising New Player in Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients on Regular Hemodialysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mahmoud Rabab Mahmoud Ahmed , Mohammed AbdelAal
Published: January 2024

Hepcidin is secreted in inflammatory states as in patients on regular hemodialysis (HD). Therefore, novel agents modulating hepcidin secretion may have the potential to effectively reverse anemia in HD patients. Bovine milk derivative lactoferrin (BLF) is a glycoprotein that was found to decrease serum interleukin-6, therefore, having anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, it can downregulate hepcidin secretion in various inflammatory states including patients on regular HD, so improving iron absorption and utilization in those patients. In addition, BLF is a source of iron as each BLF molecule chelates two ferric ions. We started an interventional study. Seventy patients on regular HD with iron deficiency anemia received 100 mg of 20%–30% iron-saturated BLF (corresponding to 70–84 μg of elemental iron) orally b.i.d for 6 months. We compared those patients with another 70 patients on regular HD with iron deficiency anemia who were given 576 mg of ferrous glycine sulfate (corresponding to 100 mg of elemental iron) orally b.i.d for 6 months. BLF significantly decreased serum hepcidin level (from 340–350 ng/mL to 101–112 ng/mL), P <0.0001 and significantly increased hemoglobin (Hb) concentration (from 7.5–8.1 g/dL to 9.3–10 g/dL), P <0.0001, and transferrin saturation (TSAT) (from 5%–9% to 26%–31%), P <0.0001. Furthermore, ferrous glycine sulfate significantly decreased serum hepcidin level (from 335-350 ng/mL to 330-–341 ng/mL), P <0.0001, and significantly increased Hb (from 7.5–8.1 to 7.6–8.5 g/dL), P <0.0001, and TSAT (from 5%–9% to 7%–12%), P <0.0001. However, the magnitude of decrease in serum hepcidin level and rise in Hb and TSAT in the BLF group was significantly higher than in the ferrous glycine sulfate group, P <0.0001. Oral BLF can be considered a promising novel agent in treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients on regular HD.
Comparative evaluation of remineralization potential of four different remineralization agents on human enamel: An in vitro study
Authors: Xavier Giftlin Denny , Thomas George , Jose Sunil , Vivek V. J. , Selvam Kanimozhi , Ramakrishnan Ashish
Published: January 2024

Aim:

The study aimed to assess the remineralizing potential of four different commercially available agents using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and Vickers Microhardness (VMH) Test.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-four specimens (n = 11 per group) were prepared from extracted teeth. A window of 6 mm × 4 mm was made on all the specimens that represented three zones, namely, sound enamel, demineralized enamel, and remineralized enamel. The zone for demineralized enamel was subjected to four different remineralizing agents; casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF), tricalcium phosphate fluoride (TCP-F), calcium sucrose phosphate (CSP), and self-assembling peptide (P11-4). Remineralization (REM) was assessed using VMH; the structural changes were assessed using SEM that was analyzed using EDX analysis. The specimens were subjected to a newer regimen of demineralization. One-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey test was used with a level of significance at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:

There were no significant differences in VMH between the groups for sound enamel (P = 0.472) and demineralized enamel (P = 0.116). VMH was statistically significantly more for P11-4 and the least for CPP-ACPF (P = 0.011). A post hoc analysis revealed higher VMH for P11-4 compared to CPP-ACPF (P = 0.014) and TCP-F (P = 0.035). SEM showed a homogeneous layer of minerals for all groups except CPP-ACPF. TCP-F reported a higher degree of REM, followed by P11-4 as assessed using EDX analysis.

Conclusion:

Self-assembling peptide (P11-4) exhibited a higher degree of REM than other remineralizing agents followed by CSP.
Proximal contact tightness of direct Class II composite resin restorations with various matrix systems: A systematic review
Authors: Anantula Kavitha , Vankayala Bhavana , Yadav Sarjeev Singh
Published: January 2024

Background:

Restoring an ideal proximal contact in direct Class II composite resin restorations is challenging due to polymerization shrinkage, absence of condensability of composite materials, thickness of matrix bands, and the use of various separation techniques, retainers, and bands.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the proximal contact tightness that is achieved by various matrix systems used to restore a direct Class II cavity with composite resin restoration.

Methods:

A systematic review was carried out according to the PRISMA 2020 statement guidelines. The online search for the articles was done in electronic databases of MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. The articles comparing different matrix systems for restoration were selected. Out of 146 articles, a total of 6 articles met the selection criteria and were included. The QUIN risk-of-bias (RoB) tool was used for assessing the study quality. The data extracted from full text articles selected for inclusion, using a standardized software (Office Excel 2013 Software, Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA).

Results and Conclusion:

Combination of sectional matrices and separation rings resulted in tighter proximal contact compared to other matrix systems.
Clinical performance of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture lithium disilicate ceramic endocrown restorations: A 2-year study
Authors: Do Thao Thi , Trinh Tri Minh , Tran Thao Thi Phuong , Nguyen Van Thi Tuong , Le Lam Nguyen
Published: January 2024

Context:

Optimal restoration methods for endodontically treated teeth (ETTs) have always remained an ongoing discussion among physicians in this day and age. ETTs have a tendency to fracture when chewing, compared to initial teeth. From the perspective of biology, preserving and restoring tooth structure is critical to maintaining biomechanical, functional, and esthetic harmony. Dental bonding techniques have lessened the necessity for post-and-core restorations in ETTs with severe substance loss. A minimally invasive endodontic restoration technique called “endocrown” was initially introduced by Bindl and Mörmann in 1999.

Aims:

The aim of the study was to clinically evaluate all-ceramic mandibular molar endocrowns made using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) following 2 years of follow-up.

Subjects and Methods:

This unblinded study contains 56 patients with 56 mandibular molars, which had severe substance loss. After teeth preparation, lithium disilicate ceramic endocrowns were manufactured with the CEREC CAD/CAM system, and cementation was performed using a composite luting agent. The endocrowns were assessed using the modified United States Public Health Service criteria at baseline, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years following placement. Patient satisfaction was evaluated using a questionnaire.

Statistical Analysis Used:

This study used descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, and 95% confidence intervals. Data were processed using STATA version 14.0 (StataCorp LLC, USA).

Results:

Two endocrowns (3.6%) failed throughout the period of observation. The high clinical rating criteria (96.4%, count of 54) and the increased satisfaction percentage (94.6%, count of 53) remained practically stable during the follow-up assessments at 6 months and after 1–2 years.

Conclusions:

Endocrown offers a less invasive treatment option that may be a better method for endodontically treated mandibular molars. With contemporary CAD/CAM technology and new materials, time in the chair and esthetics optimally improved, bringing satisfaction to the patient.
Exaggerated placental site gestational trophoblastic disease: A case report
Authors: Pantolla-Laxamana Marie Mae Gonzales , Rosario-Reamillo Merly R.
Published: January 2024

Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs) represent a unique group of lesions with an abnormal proliferation of trophoblasts. GTD can be divided into molar lesions and nonmolar lesions. Partial and complete hydatidiform moles and invasive moles are under molar lesions, whereas non-molar lesions include choriocarcinomas and lesions that are derived from intermediate trophoblasts (ITs). These IT can be from the implantation site (exaggerated placental site [EPS] and placental site trophoblastic tumor) or from the chorionic type (placental site nodule and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor). EPS is a relatively uncommon form of GTD. It is a challenging condition for clinicians to diagnose because of the limited number of reported cases. From 1990 to April 2022, there were only 25 case reports published internationally, and this is the first local case report. Implantation site ITs (ISITs) are difficult to distinguish histologically. Immunohistochemical staining such as Ki-67 can improve diagnostic accuracy by differentiating ISIT. Ki 67 will show staining of <1% in EPS. This is the case of a 25-year-old patient, G6P5 (5005), who experienced vaginal bleeding associated with pelvic and hypogastric pain after 13 weeks of missed menses. She was diagnosed with a molar pregnancy and underwent an emergency total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy due to severe uterine bleeding. Histopathologic studies in this case showed diffuse and infiltrative growth of atypical monomorphic ITs arranged in sheets and cords, infiltrating and separating myometrial fibers. The uterine blood vessel wall was replaced with fibrinoid deposition, with areas of hemorrhages and necrosis. There were also chorionic villi. The histopathological findings revealed GTD arising from ITs, specifically EPS. This article describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic procedure, and management, together with histopathological observations and a review of related literature, of this rare GTD.
Isolated fallopian tube torsion in an early adolescent
Authors: De Leon Palabrica Princess Bianca , Mallen Maria Therese Berina , Tan Germaine Aldrene Correos
Published: January 2024

Isolated fallopian tube torsion is a rare but significant gynecological cause of lower abdominal pain in adolescent females with or without risk factors. A 12-year-old female was initially treated as urinary tract infection, acute appendicitis, and a possible ovarian pathology. Intraoperatively, it was isolated fallopian tube torsion. The entity is difficult to recognize preoperatively because of its vague clinical presentation and lack of specific laboratory and imaging findings, and diagnosis is done ultimately during surgery. Isolated tubal torsion should be considered in cases of acute lower abdominal pain since awareness and early detection of the condition, especially in children and adolescents, allows early surgical intervention that may render preservation of the tubes.
An additional fourth dose of viral vector COVID-19 vaccine and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients: A predictive model based on data in South-East Asia
Authors: Sookaromdee Pathum , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: January 2024

Background:

The COVID-19 vaccine has been proven to be effective at preventing COVID-19. Usually, the immunization requires two doses. Immunity may begin to wane after receiving all required immunizations. It is typical to administer a second booster dose. The requirement for extra immunizations will be greater in people with preexisting conditions like cancer. However, the need for improved immunity in those with underlying disorders still poses a challenge. Investigating immunogenicity after receiving a second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine is an intriguing topic. Currently, additional immunization doses are advised and used. Several scientists are currently suggesting the use of a vaccine in response to the potential loss of public immunity following routine mass immunization and the potential introduction of a new strain. Several scientists are currently recommending the use of a fourth dosage of the COVID-19 vaccine to some specific immunocompromised groups, like transplant recipients, in view of the likely loss of public immunity following routine mass vaccination and the potential introduction of a new strain. Any research investigating the fourth vaccination’s effectiveness for transplant recipients is intriguing because it is unproven.

Method:

A clinical model to predict how individual with transplant recipient status will react to the extra-dose of COVID-19 vaccine is done.

Results:

Based on information that was readily available locally, the authors of this study used a prediction model analysis to analyze the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines made using viral vector and mRNA utilizing a fourth dose for patients with underlying transplant recipient conditions.

Conclusion:

If a fourth dosage is intended, a variety of mRNA COVID-19 immunization options should be considered.
Forensic handwriting examination: An updated clinical review
Authors: Khajuria Atul , Pillai Anjana A.
Published: January 2024

Handwriting is a unique property of an individual; no two individual has similar handwritings. Forensic handwriting examination is an important part of forensic document examination. Handwriting at crime scene provides evidence or clues about type of crime, nature of crime to the investigating officer and also find out identity of suspect or criminal. Handwriting examination involves the examination of various parameters in the writing which includes handwriting positions, surface used for handwriting, pen pressure, handwriting strokes, slants in writing, letter spacing, line quality, etc., handwriting examination is done based on the principle that no two individuals can write exactly alike. Forensic handwriting analysis is a pattern-based science that examines significant, repeated handwriting traits in questioned writing comparing and evaluating these traits in the known writing. If significant similarities are determined without differences, this may lead to a handwriting recognition. Nowadays, an automated computer-based identification and examination system are developed for forensic document examination which is more feasible to use a computer-assisted system in forensic identification of source issues related with questioned document analysis. Experimental eye-tracking is a technologically novel way of forensic handwriting examination. These studies may have future relevance in developing technology that can be linked to the computer in evaluating handwriting, especially in programming software that evaluates handwriting similar to the way a human examiner evaluates handwriting.
Precision medicine: Transforming healthcare through personalized treatment and genomic insights
Authors: Mittal Neeti , Bhagat Tripta , Bhagat Rohit , Gulati Gunjan
Published: January 2024

This article explores the paradigm shift brought about by precision medicine in healthcare. It provides an overview of the field’s historical background, key milestones, advantages, real-life examples, major companies, products, challenges, and future prospects. Readers can expect to gain insights into the emergence of precision medicine, its impact on diagnosis and treatment, and its potential to revolutionize healthcare. The article highlights significant achievements such as the completion of the Human Genome Project, the development of targeted therapies, and the role of precision medicine in cancer, cardiovascular disease, rare diseases, infectious diseases, and mental health disorders. It also discusses prominent companies and their contributions to precision medicine. However, challenges such as the cost of genetic testing and the need for robust data infrastructure are explored. The importance of collaboration, education, awareness, regulation, and standardization is emphasized. By the end, readers will have a comprehensive understanding of precision medicine’s promise, its current state, and the steps needed for its widespread adoption, enabling them to grasp its potential impact on patient outcomes and health-care systems.
Navigating psychological and neurobiological etiology with treatment advances of autism-spectrum disorder
Authors: Nandita  , Bhatti Sachinpal , Kumar Saksham , Raj Nishchita , Saran Brijesh
Published: January 2024

Background:

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complicated neurodevelopmental illness that affects social interaction, communication, and behaviour. It is characterised by a wide range of symptoms and difficulties.

Methods:

Various articles searched from Pubmed central and other search engines for articles related to therapeutic intervention.

Results:

Intense study and clinical attention have been focused on figuring out the causes of autism and the best treatment plans.

Conclusion:

The present level of knowledge about the psychological and neurological aspects influencing the onset of autism, as well as the cutting-edge strategies and therapeutic interventions available for people on the spectrum, are thoroughly reviewed in this article
Diabetes mellitus type II with depression in geriatric population
Authors: Nandita  , Kumar Saksham , Bhatti Sachinpal , Raj Nishchita , Saran Brijesh
Published: January 2024

Background:

Several facets of daily life are impacted by mental health, including how you handle stress, think and feel, interact with people, and make decisions. It makes sense that having a mental health issue could make it more difficult to follow your diabetes treatment plan. Diabetes complications and untreated mental health concerns can both exacerbate each other’s effects. Depression is a medical condition that results in depressed feelings and frequently a loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities. It may interfere with your ability to manage your diabetes and perform effectively at work and at home. Your chance of developing diabetic complications including heart disease and nerve damage increases when you are unable to effectively manage your blood sugar levels. The daily routine traffic jams, family obligations, and daily diabetes care are all sources of stress.

Methods:

Articles searched from Pubmed central and other search engines for articles related to psychological therapeutic intervention.

Results:

Stress can manifest as an emotion, such as fear or rage, as a physical response, such as perspiration or a racing heart, or both. Blood sugar levels can be impacted as well because stress hormones cause blood sugar to fluctuate erratically and because stress from illness or injury can cause blood sugar to rise. Long-term stress might cause other health issues or exacerbate existing ones. The mind and body respond to stress by feeling anxious, which can include anxiety, fear, or tenseness. Anxiety is 20% more common among diabetics than among non-diabetics at some time in their lives.

Conclusion:

These overwhelming emotions, sometimes referred to as diabetes distress, might make you develop bad habits, stop monitoring your blood sugar, and even forget about scheduled doctor’s appointments. The majority of persons with diabetes experience it, frequently following years of effective control.
A Hybrid Optimization Approach for Pulmonary Nodules Segmentation and Classification using Deep CNN
Authors: Gedem Ajit Narendra , Rumale Aniruddha S.
Published: January 2024

Lung Cancer, due to a lower survival rate, is a deadly disease as compared to other cancers. The prior determination of the lung cancer tends to increase the survival rate. Though there are numerous lung cancer detection techniques, they are all insufficient to detect accurate cancer due to variations in the intensity of the CT scan image. For more accuracy in segmentation of CT images, the proposed Elephant-Based Bald Eagle Optimization (EBEO) algorithm is used. This proposed research concentrates on developing a lung nodule detection technique based on Deep learning. To obtain an effective result, the segmentation process will be carried out using the proposed algorithm. Further, the proposed algorithm will be utilized to tune the hyper parameter of the deep learning classifier to increase detection accuracy. It is expected that the proposed state-of-art method will exceed all conventional methods in terms of detection accuracy due to the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. This survey will be helpful for the healthcare research communities with sufficient knowledge to understand the concepts of the EBEO algorithm and the Deep Convolutional Neural Network for improving the overall human healthcare system.