bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Android-Based Augmented Reality Learning Media on the Human Respiratory System to Improve Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Rosyid Yusuf Rosyid Ridho , Setyasto Novi
Published: June 2024

This study aims to develop Android-based augmented reality learning media for the science subject, specifically on the human respiratory system for grade V students at SDIT Sultan Agung 05. This research employs a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Borg and Gall development model. The subjects of this study include validation test subjects consisting of material experts and media experts, and trial subjects consisting of grade V teachers and 27 grade V students. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and tests (pretest and posttest). The results indicate that the Android-based augmented reality learning media is rated "very feasible" by both material and media experts. The responses from teachers and students are very positive, with an average percentage of 88%, indicating practicality. The pretest and posttest scores showed an average increase of 33.37 with an N-gain of 0.73, categorized as high. This indicates that the Android-based augmented reality learning media is feasible, practical, and effective in improving student learning outcomes in the science subject of the human respiratory system
Development of Kvisoft-Based Flipbook Learning Media on Learning Outcomes in Natural Sciences on the Human Circulatory System
Authors: Jayanti Wilda , Setyasto Novi
Published: June 2024

Learning Natural Sciences (IPAS) at SD Negeri 01 Samong faces numerous shortcomings and obstacles, such as a lack of diverse learning resources and suboptimal use of media, which result in low student learning outcomes. This study aims to develop Kvisoft-based flipbook learning media for the Natural Sciences subject, specifically on the human circulatory system for grade V. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) using the Borg and Gall development model. The population in this study consisted of 57 students, with 12 subjects in a small-scale test in grade VI and 45 subjects in a large-scale test in grade V at SD Negeri 01 Samong. Data collection techniques used include tests (pretest and posttest) and non-test methods such as observation, interviews, questionnaires, and document analysis. The validation results of the Kvisoft-based flipbook media were deemed "very feasible" by media experts with a percentage of 93%, material experts with a percentage of 85% (very feasible category), and language experts with a percentage of 81% (very feasible category). The response from teachers received a 100% rating, and the response from students received a 98% rating, both categorized as "very feasible." Based on the pretest and posttest results, the Kvisoft-based flipbook media was found to be effective in improving student learning outcomes, as evidenced by an increase in the average pretest score from 56.95 to 80.8 in the posttest results. The N-gain test results showed a value of 0.56, indicating a moderate category. From these results, it can be concluded that the Kvisoft-based flipbook media is effective for improving learning outcomes in Natural Sciences on the human circulatory system, and is feasible and practical for use in teaching grade V students at SD Negeri 01 Samong, Pemalang Regency
Today's Shifting Cultivation and its Impact on Forest and Environmental Damage in Routa, Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Adijaya Sarlan
Published: June 2024

This article is intended to explore and analyze some of the impacts of shifting cultivation to the forest environmental degradation in Routa today. This study uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative research approaches, especially with the rational equation methods where the results of statistical calculations are then culturally interpreted. The results of this study indicate that current shifting cultivation has contributed greatly to the increasing damage to the forest environment and decreased hydro-urologic functions of forests in Routa as well as other ecological functions, including conversion of primary and secondary forest land to shifting cultivation areas, restoration of areas ex-shifting cultivation that are ongoing slower than usual, increased surface water flow, increased erosion, and sedimentation, increased local air temperature and decreased humidity and the potential for large carbon losses.
Analysis of Microplastics on Digestive and Respiration System of Horse-Eye Jack Fish (Caranx latus) in Coastal Bungus Bay, West Sumatra
Authors: Yuranda Fitri , Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini , Silvia Shinta , Ad’hani Calysta Deli
Published: June 2024

Microplastic pollution accumulates in the marine environment, thus impacting the health of marine organisms. The purpose of this study was to analyze and identify the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in Horse-Eye Jack fish (Caranx latus) in coastal Bungus Bay, West Sumatra. Fish samples were taken at three different locations, namely, Sako beach, Caroline Beach, and the east side of Bungus Bay. The average abundance of microplastics in horse-eye Jack fish samples in digestive is 21.63 ± 3.99 particles/fish, and in respiration, 9.23 ± 1.92 particles/fish. The shape identified forms of microplastics are fibers, films, fragments, granules, and foam, and the dominant color of microplastics is red. The most common size of microplastics found was <0.5 mm. FT-IR spectroscopy analysis showed that the polymer types of microplastics found were PE, PVC, PET, and PS. Statistical tests showed differences between the abundance of microplastics in two pathways of microplastic uptake (digestive and respiration), and the sampling location P<0.05. The results showed that microplastics were found in all Horse-Eye Jackfish samples in Bungus Bay, West Sumatra.These findings highlight microplastics' harm to the marine ecosystem and the necessity of managing plastic waste if we hope to avoid future plastic pollution catastrophes
Application of the PjBL Model to Chemical Materials to Improve Students' Creative Thinking Skills and Entrepreneurial Interests
Authors: Amalia Masykuratu , Adlim M. , Khaldun Ibnu , Winarni Sri , Hasan M.
Published: June 2024

Project Based Learning (PjBL) has many advantages but has not been widely implemented, let alone linked to entrepreneurial activities in schools. Entrepreneurship in schools, especially those taught by chemistry teachers, still has not produced crafts that link chemical knowledge therein. The aim of the research carried out was to analyze how much influence the application of the PjBL model has in improving students' creative thinking skills and entrepreneurial interest. The research method uses a one group pretest-posttest design approach. The research sample was selected using proportional sampling with data collection techniques, namely test techniques and distributing questionnaires which were then analyzed using the paired sample t test. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that there is a positive significant difference between before and after treatment. This shows an increase in students' creative thinking abilities and entrepreneurial interest after implementing the PjBL learning model.
Texture and Flag Color Extraction in Backpropagation Neural Network Architecture
Authors: Rizki Syafrika Deni , Defit Sarjon
Published: June 2024

A flag is a rectangular or triangular piece of cloth or paper used as a symbol of the state, association, body, etc. or as a sign. It is often also used to symbolize a country to show its sovereignty. Along with the large number of countries, the country's flag also has many varieties and colors. The use of computers as a human aid is expected to the extent that the computer's ability can replace the limitations that humans have. Humans can recognize an object by using their eyes and brain, but if the eyes and brain cannot work properly it will hamper human work. In this research, training will be conducted on the Back Propagation Neural Network Architecture. Characteristic data for image recognition is obtained by extracting texture features and RGB color features. So that the network can recognize the flags by matching the feature data obtained from the training carried out. Characteristic data obtained from 24 data consisting of 16 training images and 8 testing images. From the results of the image network training can be identified properly, the accuracy rate of object identification is 87.50%. GUI users are able to identify flag images based on RGB text and color features.
Development of the Rough Set Method to Determine Lecturer Scholarship Opportunities
Authors: Surmayanti  , Defit Sarjon
Published: June 2024

Currently, all groups can experience the development of artificial intelligence, this happens because artificial intelligence has experienced very significant changes. Artificial Intelligence (AI) consists of several branches, one of which is machine learning. Machine Learning (ML) technology is a branch of AI that is very interesting because it is a machine that can learn like humans. The method used here is the rough set method. In this research, a case will be raised to determine scholarship opportunities for lecturers based on predetermined criteria. To solve the problem above, machine learning was used using the Rough Set method, using Rosetta software. By the regulations determined by the scholarship provider, in this case, the institution concerned where the lecturer is registered as teaching staff to obtain a scholarship, criteria are needed to determine who will be selected to receive the scholarship. The distribution of scholarships is carried out to improve lecturer performance, as an achievement as well as an appreciation for the lecturer concerned for his long service to the institution.
The Impact of Social Forestry on Communities and Forest Areas Salimbutan Lubuk Alung
Authors: Rinaldi Rinaldi , Barlian Eri , Syah Nurhasan , Umar Iswandi
Published: June 2024

Indonesia is one of the countries that has the largest area of ​​natural forest in the world and is often referred to as one of the world's lungs which contributes oxygen for the survival of living things. Even though forests have many benefits, if the benefits from forests are not managed properly and correctly, they can have negative impacts and can lead to disasters and conflicts, apart from that, there is a fairly high level of deforestation and poverty is still often found in communities in and around forests. made various parties including the Ministry of Environment and Forestry try to encourage community empowerment programs. One of these community empowerment programs is Social Forestry. This type of research uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive design in the form of a case study. The population used in this research is the area and managers of LPHN Salimbutan Lubuk Alung, Padang Pariaman Regency. The samples from this research are all areas managed by LPHN Lintasutan Lubuk Alung. The instruments used in this research were observations and questionnaires. The results of this research show that in 2017 the level of deforestation at the Salimbutan LPHN increased by 9.7 Ha, then in 2018 it decreased by 2.6 Ha, in 2019 by 0.8 Ha, in 2020 by 1.4 Ha, in 2021 with a total of 0.8 Ha, and then in 2022 it will increase again with a total of 4.7 Ha. Meanwhile, community income before the training and assistance was still relatively low with a percentage of 11.16%. The data after training and assistance was carried out in the Salimbutan LPHN area, community income increased by 28.08% in 2022 and 57.38% in 2023
Pengembangan E-Modul Berbasis Android Berbentuk Flipbook pada Materi Sistem Ekskresi dan Sistem Koordinasi Untuk Peserta Didik Kelas XI SMA
Authors: Mulia Nanta , Advinda Linda , Syamsurizal  , Ahda Yuni
Published: June 2024

Teknologi yang semakin berkembang mendorong pendidik  untuk memanfaatkannya dalam proses pembelajaran sebagai media belajar agar dapat meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik. Namun, saat sekarang masih banyak yang belum optimal menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan monoton dan belum mampu memvisualisasikan materi sistem ekskresi dan sistem koordinasi pada manusia. Hal ini berdampak terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik yang masih berada di bawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal sekolah. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan media pembelajaran yang berbasis teknologi seperti e-modul berbentuk flipbook. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan e-modul berbasis android berbentuk flipbook pada materi sistem ekskresi dan sistem koordinasi yang valid, praktis dan efektif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model pengembangan Plomp yang terdiri dari tiga tahap, yaitu tahap investigasi awal, tahap pengembangan (prototyping), dan tahap penilaian. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar instrumen pedoman wawancara guru, lembar angket peserta didik, lembar evaluasi diri, dan lembar validasi e-modul oleh ahli, serta lembar penilaian kepraktisan e-modul berbentuk flipbook yang diisi oleh guru dan peserta didik. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI SMA. Objek penelitian yaitu e-modul berbasis android berbentuk flipbook pada materi sistem ekskresi dan sistem koordinasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan e-modul berbasis android berbentuk flipbook memperoleh hasil validitas kriteria sangat valid dengan nilai 86,76% dan 89,06%, hasil praktikalitas oleh guru dan peserta didik dengan kriteria sangat praktis dengan nilai 84,17% dan 86,43%. Berdasarkan Uji T yang dilakukan maka terdapat perbedaan nilai antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol, yaitu signifikansi 0,048 pada materi sistem ekksresi dan 0,003 pada materi sistem koordinasi. Dengan demikian e-modul berbasis android berbentuk flipbook dapat meningkatkan kompetensi belajar peserta didik.
Students Science Literacy Differences Based on Gender Using Project Based Learning Model
Authors: Fatmawati Any , Harisanti Baiq Muli , Hajiriah Titi Laily , Karmana I Wayan
Published: June 2024

Science literacy has become one of the skills needed to prepare a young generation that is adaptive to the advances of science and technology in the 21st century. According to research by some experts, the literacy of science students in Indonesia is still low. The reason for the poor science literacy of students is that they are not activated continuously in the learning process. Therefore, there is a need for the application of innovative learning models, one of which is the project-based learning (PjBL) model. The PjBL model phase is useful to train students to be responsible for their own learning and develop their ability to think systematically. The gender of students, consisting of men and women, is important to note because it relates to several things, including thinking skills, decision-making, and the ability to draw conclusions. All these abilities are supportive factors of student science literacy, so it is necessary to conduct a study of differential science literacy by differentiating the gender of students. The research was conducted at SMAN 7 Mataram Nusa Tenggara West (NTB) with quasi-experiments. The subject of the study is class X students, consisting of 5 parallel classes, with a total number of 126 people (44 males and 82 females). The free variable in research is the PjBL model, and the bound variable is science literacy. Research instruments for science literacy use essay questions. The results of the study showed that the average science literacy of female students is 55.99; this figure is higher than the male literacy score of 53.03. Furthermore, the Anova test result shows that the significance value at the level of 5% is 0.62 ≥ 0.05, so it can be concluded that there is no significant difference in the literacy value of male and female science students after learning using the PjBL model.
Comparison of Platelet-rich fibrin with Zinc oxide eugenol for the pain management of Alveolar Osteitis.
Authors: Talha Javed  , Bushra Arain  , Mowaffaq Abdullmomen Al Absi  , Zunair Akbar Memon  , Hafiz Mahmood  , Aswa Ahmed  , Waqas Iqbal
Published: June 2024

Objective: To estimate and associate the efficacy of platelet-Rich-Fibrin and zinc Oxide Eugenol in pain relief management patients presenting Alveolar Osteitis. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Department of Oral Surgery, Isra Dental College Hyderabad. Period: 1st March 2022 to 31st August 2022. Methods: Total 80 patients with alveolar osteitis were involved in the study. Patients were equally randomly categorized into two groups A and B, the intensity of pain was measured by VAS scale on prospective days Platelet-rich-fibrin treatment was given to group A, while Zinc Oxide Eugenol was given to group B. VAS score was recorded on every prospective day and results were recorded on an MS Excel sheet. Results: Out of 80 patients of AO, 28 were male and 52 were female patients, the mean age of females was 34.25 while the male mean age was 38.5. The mean pain score on 1st prospective day was 3.8 ± 1.3 for group A while group B Was 7.5 ± 1.7. On 3rd prospective day of the trial, the mean pain score was Group A was 2.9 ± 1.1 and Group B was 4.7 ± 1.3. On day 5th the mean pain score of Group A was 1.1 ± 0.9 and Group B was 3.0 ± 1.0 and on the last 7th prospective day the mean score of Group A was 1.0 ± 0.6 and Group B was 1.8 ± 0.8. Conclusion: The study observed PRF is more effective than ZOE in pain management patients presenting AO.
Functional outcome of distal radius fractures in adults after conservative treatment.
Authors: Muhammad Afaaq Arshad  , Muhammad Iqbal  , Muhammad Khuzaima Shah  , Ahsan Rafi  , Mian Muhammad Saif  , Sabir Khan Khattak
Published: June 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency of functional outcome after conservative treatment in patients with distal radius fractures presenting to Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Study Design: Descriptive Case Series. Setting: Department of Orthopedics, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Period: 1st January 2022 to 30th June 2022. Methods: A total of 137 patients of both gender with distal radius fracture were included in the study. A Basic demographics (age, gender, duration of fracture and weight on weighing scale) were recorded. At the end of 6 weeks, the plaster cast was removed and functional outcome examinations was made. Functional outcome was noted using demerit point system of Gartland and Werley. Results: Age range in this study was from 18 to 70 years with mean age of 44.153±8.19 years, mean duration of complain 26.708±4.18 hours and mean weight was 80.343±7.05 Kg. Male patients were 70.8% and females were 29.2%. Excellent functional outcome was seen in 33.6% patients, good 14.6%, fair 34.3% and poor was 17.5%. Conclusion: Our study concluded that conservative management of the distal radius fractures in plaster cast is an effective treatment modality achieving satisfactory results.
Frequency and association of H pylori with severity of Gastritis according to age and gender: A Retrospective Study conducted at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.
Authors: Marium Fatima Waqar  , Mirha Ali  , Farhana Zafar  , Zeeshan Ali  , Syed Masroor Ahmed  , Shabnam Naveed
Published: June 2024

Objective: To observe the frequency of H. pylori in relation to the type, severity, and anatomical site of gastritis according to age and gender. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Endoscopy Suite of Medical Unit-III, Ward 7, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi. Period: 2nd January 2019 to 5th January 2022. Methods: On the patients, aged more than 12 years, who underwent upper GI endoscopy the data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 using significant p-value of < 0.01. Results: 243 patients were included in the study. Among them 100(41.2%) had H pylori positive gastritis. Out of the total, 47% were between the ages of 26 and 40, 41% reported complaints of epigastric pain; 27% had Grade B esophagitis; 50% exhibited mild severity of gastritis and 57% had pan gastritis pertaining to the anatomical site of the gastritis. However, it's crucial to note that all these findings were statistically insignificant except its correlation with severity of gastritis, which was significant. Conclusion: H. pylori-associated gastritis was equally common in both genders in younger age group. There was a statistically significant link between H. pylori infection and severity of gastritis (P-value< 0.01). Thus, the burden of gastritis can be reduced with H Pylori’s early detection and treatment.
Etiologies of first time urinary tract infection in pediatric population in tertiary care hospital Karachi.
Authors: Indra  , Misbah Anjum  , Bilquis Naeem  , Muhammad Hanif  , Vijay Kumar  , Marium Akram
Published: June 2024

Objective: To determine the etiology of first time urinary tract infection (UTI) among children presenting at a tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatrics, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi. Period: December 2022 to May 2023. Methods: Children of either gender, aged between 2 months to 12 years, and having UTI for the first time were analyzed. Medical history was obtained and socio-demographic as well as clinical characteristics were noted. Relevant clinical evaluation, laboratory parameters, ultrasonographic findings and etiological pattern were noted. Results: In a total of 138 children, 84 (60.9%) were girls. The mean age was noted to be 3.42±2.41 years. The mean duration of symptoms was 11.51±4.27 days. The most frequent presenting symptoms were fever, painful micturation, and abdominal pain, reported by 105 (76.1%), 88 (63.8%), and 64 (46.4%), respectively. The most frequent structural renal abnormalities were internal echos in bladder, unilateral mild hydronephrosis, and bilaterial moderate hydronephrosis, noted in 38 (27.5%), 15 (10.9%), and 14 (10.1%) children, respectively. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., and others found in 74 (53.6%), 36 (26.1%), 22 (15.9%), and 6 (4.3%), respectively. Conclusion: The microbial analysis demonstrated a predominant role of Escherichia coli, followed by Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. in causing UTIs for the first time in children.
NEUROERGONOMIA APLICADA NA ENGENHARIA PARA TESTAR MATERIAIS MAIS LEVES E CONFORTÁVEIS PARA USUÁRIOS DE CADEIRAS DE RODAS
Authors: Antônio de Moura Roque , Oliveira Marílio Jonathan William , Diego José Rodrigues Marques  , Márcia Regina de Oliveira  , Messias Borges Silva
Published: June 2024

With the advent of the digital era, intelligent machines demand an updated profile of the workforce. Reduced mobility is no longer a limitation and, in addition to accessibility and individual movement, the wheelchair has the important function of helping with socialization. The objective of this research is to disseminate and apply neuroergonomic principles in engineering to test materials that can be used in the construction of wheelchairs, validating, using virtual tests, lighter and more comfortable materials for wheelchair users. The methodology adopted related bibliographical research inherent to the topic and use specialized software to test three different materials. The result shows that there are materials that offer excellent mechanical properties and are lighter and easier to handle. It is concluded that manufacturers need to review the materials used in the manufacture of wheelchairs as well as apply neuroergonomic principles in the manufacture of new models of wheelchairs that require less effort in locomotion and improve the posture of users
ESTUDO DE CASO DE OPERAÇÕES TRANSSHIPMENT AO LARGO NO PORTO DE VILA DO CONDE
Authors: Vanessa Christina Rafael  , Pedro Igor Dias Lameira
Published: June 2024

O porto de Vila do Conde desenvolveu-se muito nos últimos anos, ganhando visibilidade em números e conquistas, sendo as operações de transbordo ao largo um desses principais motivos. Esse tipo de operação não é novidade nos principais portos do mundo, mas em águas brasileiras pode ser considerada uma inovação, iniciada em 2021 no porto de Vila do Conde. O principal objetivo deste artigo é fazer um estudo de caso dessas operações, por meio da identificação dos riscos envolvidos, a fim de contribuir com a segurança operacional e confiabilidade das operações. Na metodologia deste estudo de caso é utilizado um consagrado método de análise de risco denominado What If, para identificar os principais riscos. A partir dos resultados é possível contribuir com algumas propostas para incremento da segurança operacional, contribuindo para consolidação do transshipment ao largo do Porto de Vila do Conde.
Investigating lower secondary school students’ geometric argumentation structure using Toulmin model
Authors: Ramandani M. Rizky , Hartono Yusuf , Hiltrimartin Cecil , Aisyah Nyimas
Published: June 2024

Geometric argumentation has an important role in solving mathematical problems in geometric material, so students must have this ability. Each student has different thoughts, including when stating arguments. Each student's arguments will vary and be at different levels. This study aims to determine the levels of lower secondary school students' geometric argumentation. This research was conducted in a lower secondary school involving 20 ninth-grade students. Students participating in this study were asked to work on geometry problems related to proof. Through the proofs carried out, the argumentation structure owned by students is visible. The structures of argumentation given by the students were then analysed using Toulmin's model of argumentation.  The components of the Toulmin model used consist of claim, data, warrant, and backing.  The results of the analysis of the proof prepared by the students stated that some of the students have been able to reach a high level of geometric argumentation and can compile a series of proofs. But not a few of them also have difficulty compiling the proof, have difficulty providing the components of the Toulmin model, and make some mistakes. Errors made by students include symbol writing errors, calculation errors, and others.
Developing an instruments to measure prospective teacher beliefs about mathematical problem-solving using the Rasch model
Authors: Muhtarom Muhtarom
Published: June 2024

Beliefs in solving mathematical problems become the basis for action, the basis for change, and the basis for learning mathematics. This research describes the development of an instrument for measuring prospective teachers beliefs in solving mathematical problems. One hundred sixty prospective teachers’ with experience in problem-solving and learning mathematics became research respondents. The research data was analysed using the Rasch model. The results of the data analysis show that the instrument developed is considered reliable and valid. Fifty-five items can be used to measure prospective teachers’ beliefs about solving mathematical problems. The instruments that have been developed can be used as initial assessments in implementing problem-based learning to help students develop problem-solving skills to face challenges in real life.
Developing RME-based module in statistics to improve problem-solving skills for higher education students
Authors: Susanto Edi , Susanta Agus , Aliyyah Irsal Nur , Stanggo Pratiwi Disha
Published: June 2024

In university learning, it is important to use learning resources that can facilitate students' thinking skills. So it is necessary to develop teaching materials for learning material in class, So it is necessary to develop teaching materials that can help students understand the concepts of the material. This research aims to develop a statistics teaching module based on a realistic mathematical approach to foster student problem-solving. This research and development uses a 4-D model in four stages, namely: definition, design, development, and dissemination. Product trials are carried out in three stages, namely: a validity test, a limited test, and a wide-scale test. The test subjects in this research were students from the mathematics education study program at three universities in Bengkulu. The research instruments were questionnaire sheets and problem-solving tests on basic statistical material. The research results show that the RME statistics teaching module meets the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective in terms of students' problem-solving abilities. The suggestion from the research results is that it is important to present a context that is relevant to the student's environment in the use of RME teaching materials.
Exploring the interplay between cognition and cerebral palsy: A comprehensive review
Authors: Radhika Injamuri  , Durga Prasad Dash  , Suryanarayana Mudadla
Published: June 2024

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood which is termed as ‘‘motor-oriented’’, in the clinical setting, but the nonmotor co-morbidities often account for a substantial part of the disability and functional limitation experienced by the patient, rather than the motor component. Despite being primarily associated with motor impairments, there is a significant interplay between cerebral palsy and cognitive functions. Besides the visible motor impairments, cognitive abilities are frequently affected but might remain unrecognised in children with mild forms. On the other hand, some severely disabled children with presumed intellectual disabilities might demonstrate normal-range reasoning capacities. Most studies on this topic have emphasized a variety of cognitive profiles (cognitive level) related to the type of cerebral palsy and the underlying brain lesions (biological level). This comprehensive review examines the multifaceted relationship between cognition and cerebral palsy, highlighting the complexities of cognitive deficits, the impact on daily functioning, and the importance of early intervention. Also discusses about the prevalence and types of cognitive impairments. Through an extensive review of current literature, this article aims to provide a holistic understanding of how cerebral palsy affects cognitive development and functioning and cognitive functioning in children with CP from a developmental perspective. The objectives of this study were to describe the epidemiology of cognitive impairment in CP in terms of clinical and neuroimaging associations, and to report the impact of cognitive impairment on utilization of health services and longevity would provide a basis for future decision-making around health care delivery for this group.
Association of a dislocated elbow fracture and a distal radius fracture on an ipsilateral radial arteriovenous fistula: A case report
Authors: Abdelhamid BOUHOU  , Jihad RADI  , Kamal Lahrach  , Amine Marzouki  , Fawzi Boutayeb
Published: June 2024

We present a rare case of a chronic hemodialysis patient with a right radial arteriovenous fistula who presented to the emergency department with a dislocated elbow fracture associating a posterolateral dislocation with a Regan and Morrey stage 2 fracture of the coronoid process. Combined with an ipsilateral fracture of the distal radius. First, we osteosynthesized the distal radius with a locked plate and the ulna with a tier tube plate. Secondly, we performed a bloody reduction of the elbow using a double approach, with osteosynthesis of the coronoid process by retrograde screw fixation and repair of the radial collateral ligament. Early rehabilitation starting on day 1 post-op, and resumption of hemodialysis sessions the day after the procedure.
Influence of Laser Energy on the Structural and Optical Properties of Sn Nanoparticles produced with Laser-Induced Plasma
Authors: Ahmed Raghad T. , Ahmed Ala F.
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to investigate the structure and optical properties of Sn nanostructures. Thin tin (Sn) films were deposited on glass substrates using the pulsed laser deposition method. Nd:YAG laser with fundamental wavelengths of 532 nm and 1064 nm was used to create Sn nanostructures with varying energies of 400 mJ to 700 mJ and the same frequency of 6 Hz. The tin powder was compressed into a disc with a one-centimetre diameter to serve as a sample. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern showed a crystalline structure with several Sn nanostructures peaks at various energies (400–700 mJ). The results revealed a crystalline size of 65.90 nm and 86.55 nm at 700 mJ, while the size was 40.19 nm and 17.19 at 400 mJ for the given wavelengths (532nm and 1064 nm), respectively. The appearance of Sn nanostructures and the aggregation of, particularly in the form of cauliflower, were revealed in Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images. The results of the dispersive energy X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed that various amounts of tin, carbon, and oxygen were present. Additionally, the optical characteristics were investigated of each film using absorbance spectra, which covered a range of wavelengths from 190 to 1100 nm. As the laser power increased, the band gap energy values in the optical properties decreased, falling into the ranges of 3.06 to 1.65 eV and 3.22 to 1.82 eV at 1064nm and 532nm, respectively.
Fabrication of Carbon Quantum Dots/Alq3 Layer for NO2 Gas Sensor
Authors: Abd Nooriyah Ahmed , Ibrahim Omar Adnan
Published: June 2024

The gas sensors were prepared using carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using an electrochemical method after mixing the CQDs with Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (III) (Alq3) polymer. A spin coating technique was used to deposit CQDs/Alq3 composite film on glass substrates with a ratio of 1:1. The CQDs/Alq3 gas sensor showed a sensitivity of about 24٪ at a temperature of 300 ℃, and this was calculated after measuring the change in the resistance of the samples with a response time of 2 and 8sec recovery time. The sensor showed a good response for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas. However, the sensitivity, response time, and recovery time for the CQDs gas sensor when exposed to NO2 gas at 300 °C were 78%, 4s, and 129s, respectively. The results showed that the best sensor CQDs/Alq3 led to a reduction in the recovery time, which shows the importance of the Alq3 polymer in improving the properties of the gas sensor.
Two-Step Laser Ablation for the Synthesis of Au:Pb Core/Shell NPs for a High-Performance Silicon-Based Heterojunction Photodetector
Authors: Abdul Hameed Zeina A. , Mutlak Falah A-H.
Published: June 2024

In this work, colloidal gold:lead (Au:Pb) core/shell nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized in liquid at 532 nm using the laser ablation method.  An investigation of the external magnetic field during the laser ablation process affected the properties of the Au:Pb NP core and shell. The magnetic field enhances the core shell’s crystallinity. The optical band gap energy increased from 2.067 to 2.086 eV in the presence of the magnetic field. It also led to an increase in the concentration and a decrease in the size of nanoparticles, which led to increased absorbance. A magnetic field strength of 250 mT resulted in a higher removal efficiency. The external magnetic field significantly reduced NP agglomeration and aggregation. We created and characterized an Au:Pb/porous silicon (PS) heterojunction photodetector. The magnetic field greatly enhanced its properties. The responsively (Rλ) of the photodetector increased from 0.093 to 0.551 A/W at λ = 650 nm by increasing the magnetic field. On the other hand, the final Au:Pb/PS material had the best photocurrent stability, demonstrating that adding Au:Pb NPs can make PS's opto-electrical properties more stable. In the end, the Au:Pb NPs/PS heterojunction photodetector results showed that the photodetector parameters got much better when a magnetic field was present. By altering the preparation conditions, we can produce high-performance core/shell photovoltaic devices.
Corrosion Protection Performance of PACC and PACC-Metal Oxides Nanocomposites Electropolymerized Coating of Low Carbon Steel
Authors: Hussain Zainab A. , Saleh Khulood A.
Published: June 2024

In the current study, a novel conductive polymer poly 6-((4 acetylphenyl) carbamoyl) cyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylic acid (PACC) was created by polymerized 6-((4 acetylphenyl) carbamoyl) cyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) monomer using the electropolymerization process. The resulting polymer was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The ability of this polymer to protect the alloy from corrosion was studied at temperatures ranging between 298 and 328 K. The ability of these coatings to stop corrosion on the surface was assessed by measuring the corrosion potential (Ecorr) and the corrosion current (icorr) using a potentiostat. Adding nanoscale metal oxides (zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and magnesium oxides (MgO)) enhanced the efficiency of this polymeric coating. The protection efficiency of the polymer alone was 77.5%; this efficiency increased to 85.0% and 99.7% in the presence of nano ZrO2 and MgO, respectively. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters (Ea, H, and S) were calculated for uncoated and coated LCS. An atomic force microscope (AFM) studied the coating surface morphology. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to evaluate the coating resistance.
Impact of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Incorporation on Water Sorption and Solubility of Acrylic-Based Denture Soft Lining Material
Authors: Akeel Isam Mustafa , Sadik Mahmood Wasmaa
Published: June 2024

Denture soft liners are specifically engineered to enhance patient performance by altering the surfaces of prosthetics that come into touch with the soft tissues within the oral cavity. Acrylic resin Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) based and silicone elastomer-based are the two main types of denture soft liners. Nanotechnology was employed as a means to enhance the mechanical qualities of dentures. The primary objective of this investigation was to examine the impact of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) on the water sorption and solubility characteristics of acrylic-based soft liners. The data was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). The surface characteristics were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This in vitro study demonstrates that including CeO2 NPs at 2% and 3% concentrations does not impact acrylic-based soft lining materials' water sorption and solubility. The solubility of CeO2 is well-recognized to be very low. The results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between the groups.
Effect of Annealing Process on the Morphological, Optical and Electrical Properties of Cu:MnO Films Prepared by PLD Technique
Authors: Mohammed Doaa T. , Mohammed Ghuson H.
Published: June 2024

In this study, Nd:YAG laser pulses with a wavelength of 1064 nm, a power of 500 mJ, a pulse width of 9 ns, and a repetition frequency of 6 Hz were used to hit a manganese oxide (MnO) target surface 300 times. Pure MnO and copper Cu-doped MnO (Cu:MnO) with different amounts of Cu (0.03, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.09 wt%) produced by PLD were studied. Cu:MnO thin films were annealed at 473 K, and their morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics were studied. The results of the atomic force microscopic (AFM) investigation of morphological properties showed that Cu dopant impacted the creation of roughness and particle size in MnO2 films. The optical transmission was examined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The highest optical absorption was noted at 0.09 dopant content. The dielectric constants' real (εr) and imaginary (εi) components, as well as the extinction coefficient (k), refractive index (n), and other optical constants, were studied. At an annealing temperature of (473 K), Hall effect studies demonstrate that all produced films exhibit a P-type conductivity.
Thermodynamic and Spectroscopic Properties Investigation of Coronene as a Function of the Number of Oxygen Atoms and Temperature via Density Functional Theory
Authors: Khalaf Taif Talib , Hussein Mohammed T.
Published: June 2024

The study focused on the thermodynamics characteristics such as (Gibbs free energy, heat capacity, entropy and enthalpy) and spectroscopic properties like (IR spectra, reduced masses, and force constant) of coronene (C24) and reduced coronene oxide (C24OX) where X =1–5 as a function of number of oxygen atoms and temperature from (298-398) oK. Density functional theory was used in the methodology with the basis sets 6-311G** and the hybrid functional B3LYP (Becke, 3-parameters, Lee-Yang-Parr), utilizing the Gaussian 09W program. Gaussian view 05 was used as a complementary program to calculate the geometrical structures. The Gibbs free energy and enthalpy decrease (negative sign) with increased oxygen atoms and temperature, indicating an exergonic reaction. The entropy and heat capacity increased with the number of oxygen atoms and temperature. The spectroscopic characteristics were compared with experimental results, particularly the longitudinal optical modes of vibration for graphene and graphene oxide (1585 - 1582) cm-1, which were in good agreement.
A Study the Addition of Silver Dioxide on Some Optical Properties of Phosphate Bioactive Glass
Authors: Hassan Ruqaya H. , Mahdi Dunia Kamil
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the influence of silver oxide (Ag2O) concentration on the optical characteristics of phosphate bioactive glasses (PBGs). PBGs have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional silicate glasses in the medical field due to their excellent bioactivity and chemical resistance. Samples with varying Ag2O concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75g) were sintered at 780°C for 2 hrs in an electric furnace. The samples were subjected to Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) tests to assess their functional groups and optical properties. By analyzing the FTIR spectrum of phosphate bioactive glass containing different amounts of Ag2O, it is possible to identify changes in the vibrational modes associated with Ag-O bonds and to gain insights into the structure and composition of the material. Because Ag-O bonds exhibit infrared vibrational modes, introducing Ag2O changed the FTIR spectrum. As Ag2O concentration increased, Ag-O vibrational modes strengthened, indicating more Ag-O bonds. UV-Vis spectroscopy, with increasing Ag2O concentration, the peak location shifted towards shorter wavelengths. Optical spectra show distinct UV absorption in the prepared glass spectrum, extending to near visible with increasing Ag2O content. The PL spectra peaks and band gap energies revealed that Ag2O altered the glass's electrical structure and optical activity. These discoveries help optimize metal-phosphate bi-active glass for biomedical implants and UV-blocking coatings. The melting-annealing technique prepared glasses based on the base host Na2O-CaF2-P2O5 system with increasing Ag2O as additives or loading (0.2 to 1 wt%).
What Is ›Acting Upon Educational Goals?‹
Authors: Castner Daniel , Kraus Anja
Published: June 2024

Was meint ›Umsetzen von Bildungszielen‹ aus der Effizienzperspektive oder mit reformpädagogischer Inklination?

Im Schulunterricht geht es im Kern darum, dass gesetzte Bildungsziele erreicht werden. Dazu sind existentielle Dispositionen und Fragen der Schüler_innen mit Bildungszielen und mit den Lernaktivitäten der Schüler_innen zu vereinbaren. US-amerikanische Modellierungen solch professionellen Könnens unterscheiden sich grundsätzlich von deutschsprachigen. Im Betrag wird dies anhand zweier historischer Persönlichkeiten näher ausgeführt: Am Reformpädagogen Martin Wagenschein (1896–1988) und am US-Amerikaner John F. Bobbitt (1876–1956), der das Pendant zur deutschen Schulpädagogik oder Allgemeinen Didaktik, die Curriculum Studies entscheidend mitgeprägt hat.
Analisis Kewenangan Pemerintah dalam Pengambil Alihan Hak Atas Tanah Guna Kepentingan Umum
Authors: Farid Pardamean Putra Irawan  , Angellita Kaila Putri Mashika  , Yolanda Rasita Dewi  , Tri Astuti  Kusumawati  , Jerri Wahyu Kristiyanto,
Published: June 2024

Kebijakan pengadaan tanah ialah suatu langkah yang dapat diambil pemerintah guna mewujudkan kepentingan umum dan demi kemakmuran rakyat. Seiring bertambahnya jumlah penduduk, semakin banyak tanah-tanah yang dibutuhkan untuk kebutuhan dasar manusia (awam). Rumusan masalah yang coba diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah mengenai pengaturan dan mekanisme pengadaan lahan guna kepentingan umum. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaturan mengenai pengadaan lahan guna kepentingan umum, serta mekanisme yang dapat dilakukan Pemerintah dalam hal tersebut. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yang dilakukan dengan meneliti bahan-bahan kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian yaitu pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum harus dikelola dan dilaksanakan secara semestinya, dengan memperhatikan fungsi tanah dalam kehidupan manusia dan prinsip penghormatan terhadap hak-hak atas tanah yang sah. Untuk melaksanakannya, terdiri atas tahapan perencanaan, persiapan, dan pelaksanaan. Dalam penggunaan tanah, kepentingan umum harus didahulukan melebihi kepentingan pribadi. Jika kepentingan umum memerlukan perolehan hak atas tanah pribadi tersebut, maka pemilikinya dapat melepas hak atas tanah tersebut dengan membayar ganti rugi melalui mekanisme pelepasan hak atas tanah. Pemilik hak milik mendapat perlindungan hukum terhadap sengketa ganti rugi. Pemegang hak atas tanah dapat mengajukan keberatannya disertai alasan dan alasan kepada Menteri Dalam Negeri, Gubernur, Bupati, Walikota.
Penggunaan Bukti Ilmiah dalam Kasus Lingkungan Hidup: Membangun Dasar yang Kuat untuk Perlindungan Lingkungan
Authors: Mumpuni Niken Wahyuning Retno
Published: June 2024

Dalam kasus perlindungan lingkungan, penggunaan bukti ilmiah yang kuat sangat penting untuk membangun dasar yang solid dalam mengambil keputusan yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan hidup. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas pentingnya mengoptimalkan penggunaan bukti ilmiah dalam kasus lingkungan hidup dan bagaimana hal itu dapat membantu membangun dasar yang kuat untuk perlindungan lingkungan. Pertama-tama, artikel ini akan menjelaskan pentingnya bukti ilmiah dalam menginformasikan kebijakan dan tindakan yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan hidup. Bukti ilmiah yang kuat dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang dampak lingkungan dari kegiatan manusia, serta membantu mengidentifikasi solusi yang efektif dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian akan mengkaji pokok permasalahan melalui pendekatan yuridis-normatif, yaitu menganalisis permasalahan dari sudut pandang atau menurut ketentuan atau peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Ditambah dengan bahan-bahan hukum lain yang terdiri dari buku-buku literatur, makalah, artikel, hasil penelitian dan karya ilmiah lainnya yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Dalam kesimpulannya, artikel ini akan menegaskan bahwa mengoptimalkan penggunaan bukti ilmiah dalam kasus lingkungan hidup adalah langkah penting dalam membangun dasar yang kuat untuk perlindungan lingkungan. Dengan memahami pentingnya bukti ilmiah, mengatasi ketidakpastian ilmiah, dan menerapkan strategi yang tepat, kita dapat mengambil keputusan yang berdasarkan pada pemahaman yang baik tentang dampak lingkungan dan melindungi lingkungan hidup untuk masa depan yang lebih baik.