bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Naoxintong Retards Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Foam Cell Formation Through Activating Pparα Pathway
Authors: Wang Zeng , Shi Huairui , Zhao Huan , Dong Zhen , Zhao Buchang , Weng Xinyu , Liu Rongle , Li Xiao , Hu Kai , Zou Yunzeng , Sun Aijun , Ge Junbo
Published: February 2019

Background:

We recently reported that Naoxintong (NXT), a China Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved cardiac medicine, could reduce the plaque size, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive now.

Objective:

In this study, we investigated the effects of NXT on foam cell accumulation both in vivo and in vitro and explored related mechanisms.

Method:

THP-1 cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages were incubated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) with/without Naoxintong. ApoE-/- mice fed an atherogenic diet were administered to receive NXT for eight weeks. Macrophage-derived foam cell formation in plaques was measured by immunohistochemical staining. Expression of proteins was evaluated by Western blot. Lentivirus was used to knockdown PPARα in THP-1 cells.

Results:

After NXT treatment, foam cell accumulation was significantly reduced in atherosclerotic plaques. Further investigation revealed that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) uptake was significantly decreased and expression of scavenger receptor class A (SR-A) and class B (SR-B and CD36) was significantly downregulated post-NXT treatment. On the other hand, NXT increased cholesterol efflux and upregulated ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters (ABCA-1 and ABCG-1) in macrophages. Above beneficial effects of NXT were partly abolished after lentiviral knockdown of PPARα.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that NXT could retard atherosclerosis by inhibiting foam cell formation through reducing ox-LDL uptake and enhancing cholesterol efflux and above beneficial effects are partly mediated through PPARα pathway.
Organic Synthesis Using Environmentally Benign Acid Catalysis
Authors: Kokel Anne , Schäfer Christian , Török Béla
Published: February 2019

Recent advances in the application of environmentally benign acid catalysts in organic synthesis are reviewed. The work includes three main parts; (i) description of environmentally benign acid catalysts, (ii) synthesis with heterogeneous and (iii) homogeneous catalysts. The first part provides a brief overview of acid catalysts, both solid acids (metal oxides, zeolites, clays, ion-exchange resins, metal-organic framework based catalysts) and those that are soluble in green solvents (water, alcohols) and at the same time could be regenerated after reactions (metal triflates, heteropoly acids, acidic organocatalysts etc.). The synthesis sections review a broad array of the most common and practical reactions such as Friedel-Crafts and related reactions (acylation, alkylations, hydroxyalkylations, halogenations, nitrations etc.), multicomponent reactions, rearrangements and ring transformations (cyclizations, ring opening). Both the heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic synthesis parts include an overview of asymmetric acid catalysis with chiral Lewis and Brønsted acids. Although a broad array of catalytic processes are discussed, emphasis is placed on applications with commercially available catalysts as well as those of sustainable nature; thus individual examples are critically reviewed regarding their contribution to sustainable synthesis.
Synthesis of a Fluorescent Whitening Molecule and its Application to Wool Fibres
Authors: Abrar Shazia , Naqvi Kazim Raza , Javed Sadia , Kiran Shumaila , Gulzar Tahsin
Published: February 2019

Aim and Objective:

Reactive dye molecules are commonly employed to dye or modify colour characteristics
of wool fibres. Yellowness of wool fibres poses a challenge and here, we report synthesis of a reactive
fluorescent molecule and its application to wool fibres to reduce yellowness of the wool fibre and improve
its colour features.

Material and Methods:

The new molecule was based upon 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) and 2,4,6-
trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (TZT). The synthesis involved a two-step chemical reaction, initiated by the nucleophilic
substitution of a chloro group on the triazine ring with the hydroxyl group of 4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic
acid. The substitution of 2nd chloro group at triazine ring with the amino group of 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
resulted in a novel molecule with a monofunctional reactive chloro group (AMC-MCT molecule).

Results:

The new molecule was applied to the wool fibres using exhaust dyeing method. This exhibited a high
exhaustion value; however low fixation and total efficiency values were observed for the new molecule. The
resultant wool fibres exhibited fluorescence which shows that aminocoumarin fluorophore retained its fluorescence
when incorporated in the new molecule. An assessment of the molecule for yellowness index in a controlled
exposure to UV radiation suggested an improvement in whiteness of wool fibre.

Conclusion:

A novel aminocoumarin based fluorescent whitening molecule 2 has been synthesised and applied
to the wool fibres. The new molecule continued to exhibit fluorescence after its application to the wool fibres.
These results will encourage researchers to explore further possibilities for reactive whitening agent for wool
fibres.
Tinea Imbricata: An Overview
Authors: Leung Alexander K.C. , Leong Kin F. , Lam Joseph M.
Published: February 2019

Background:

Tinea imbricata is a chronic superficial mycosis caused mainly by Trichophyton
concentricum. The condition mainly affects individuals living in primitive and isolated environment
in developing countries and is rarely seen in developed countries. Physicians in
nonendemic areas might not be aware of this fungal infection.

Objective:

To familiarize physicians with the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of
tinea imbricata.

Methods:

A PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key terms "Tinea imbricata"
and "Trichophyton concentricum". The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized
controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, reviews, and case reports. The information
retrieved from the above search was used in the compilation of the present article.A PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key terms "Tinea imbricata"
and "Trichophyton concentricum". The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized
controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, reviews, and case reports. The information
retrieved from the above search was used in the compilation of the present article.

Results:

The typical initial lesions of tinea imbricata consist of multiple, brownish red, scaly, pruritic
papules. The papules then spread centrifugally to form annular and/or concentric rings that can
extend to form serpinginous or polycyclic plaques with or without erythema. With time, multiple
overlapping lesions develop, and the plaques become lamellar with abundant thick scales adhering
to the interior of the lesion, giving rise to the appearance of overlapping roof tiles, lace, or fish
scales. Lamellar detachment of the scales is common. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, based on the
characteristic skin lesions. If necessary, the diagnosis can be confirmed by potassium hydroxide
wet-mount examination of skin scrapings of the active border of the lesion which typically shows
short septate hyphae, numerous chlamydoconidia, and no arthroconidia. Currently, oral terbinafine
is the drug of choice for the treatment of tinea imbricata. Combined therapy of an oral antifungal
agent with a topical antifungal and keratolytic agent may increase the cure rate.

Conclusion:

In most cases, a spot diagnosis of tinea imbricata can be made based on the characteristic
skin lesions consisting of scaly, concentric annular rings and overlapping plaques that are pruritic.
Due to popularity of international travel, physicians involved in patient care should be aware
of this fungal infection previously restricted to limited geographical areas.
Overview of Computer Aided Detection and Computer Aided Diagnosis Systems for Lung Nodule Detection in Computed Tomography
Authors: Ziyad Shabana Rasheed , Radha Venkatachalam , Vayyapuri Thavavel
Published: February 2019

Background:

Lung cancer has become a major cause of cancer-related deaths. Detection
of potentially malignant lung nodules is essential for the early diagnosis and clinical management
of lung cancer. In clinical practice, the interpretation of Computed Tomography (CT) images is
challenging for radiologists due to a large number of cases. There is a high rate of false positives in
the manual findings. Computer aided detection system (CAD) and computer aided diagnosis systems
(CADx) enhance the radiologists in accurately delineating the lung nodules.

Objectives:

The objective is to analyze CAD and CADx systems for lung nodule detection. It is
necessary to review the various techniques followed in CAD and CADx systems proposed and implemented
by various research persons. This study aims at analyzing the recent application of various
concepts in computer science to each stage of CAD and CADx.

Methods:

This review paper is special in its own kind because it analyses the various techniques
proposed by different eminent researchers in noise removal, contrast enhancement, thorax removal,
lung segmentation, bone suppression, segmentation of trachea, classification of nodule and nonnodule
and final classification of benign and malignant nodules.

Results:

A comparison of the performance of different techniques implemented by various researchers
for the classification of nodule and non-nodule has been tabulated in the paper.

Conclusion:

The findings of this review paper will definitely prove to be useful to the research
community working on automation of lung nodule detection.
The Effects of Trifluoromethylated Derivatives on Prostaglandin E2 and Thromboxane A2 Production in Human Leukemic U937 Macrophages
Authors: Beara Ivana , Majkić Tatjana , Fioravanti Stefania , Trulli Laura , Mimica-Dukić Neda , Pellacani Lucio , Saso Luciano
Published: February 2019

Background:

A convenient approach to modulation of the inflammation has an influence
on the production of inflammatory mediators – icosanoids, generated in arachidonic acid
(AA) metabolism. The common therapeutic activity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAID), such as aspirin, includes inhibition of two crucial enzymes of AA metabolism - cyclooxygenase-
1 and -2 (COX-1/2), with certain risk for gastrointestinal and renal intolerance. Ever
since the enrolment of COX-2, particularly overabundance of its main products prostaglandin E2
(PGE2) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in numerous pathological processes was recognized, it became
a significant therapeutic target.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of synthesized organo-fluorine compounds
on PGE2 and TXA2 production in the inflammation process.

Methods:

Trifluoromethyl compounds were synthesized from N-benzyl trifluoromethyl aldimine,
commercially available 2-methyl or 2-phenyl α-bromo esters (β-lactams trans-1 and trans-2 and
trifluoromethyl β-amino ester, respectively) and methyl 2-isocyanoacetate (2-imidazoline trans-4).
The reactions proceeded with high geometric selectivity, furnishing the desired products in good
yields. The influence of newly synthesized compounds on PGE2 and TXA2 production in human
leukemic U937 macrophages on both enzyme activity and gene expression levels was observed.

Results:

Among the tested trifluoromethyl compounds, methyl trans-1-benzyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-
4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylate (trans-4) can be distinguished as the most powerful antiinflammatory
agent, probably due to its trifluoromethyl-imidazoline moiety.

Conclusion:

Some further structural modifications in tested compounds and particularly in the
synthesis of different trifluoromethyl imidazolines could contribute to the development of new
COX-2 inhibitors and potent anti-inflammatory agents.
Nanostructured Molecularly Imprinted Photonic Polymers for Sensing Applications
Authors: Latif Usman , Mujahid Adnan , Zahid Muhammad , Mustafa Ghulam , Hayat Akhtar
Published: February 2019

This review article focused on fabrication of sensors by using a combination of highly
ordered photonic crystals and molecular imprinted polymers as artificial recognition materials. In this
article, we have discussed fundamental principle of photonic crystals, various synthetic approaches
and their use in sensing applications. Moreover, nanostructuring of recognition materials, by using
photonic crystals, for sensor fabrication and sensing mechanism has also been discussed. Molecular
imprinted photonic polymer layers have been applied for developing sensor devices for diverse analytes
such as environmental toxins, nerve gas agents, explosives, drug molecules and others. A comprehensive
comparison of molecular imprinted photonic polymers based sensor systems has also
been summarized in the table which contains all the related information about colloidal structure,
polymer system including monomer, cross-linker and initiator as well as target analytes. Finally,
emerging strategies and current challenges involved in the design of more efficient molecular imprinted
photonic sensors and their possible solutions are also briefly discussed.
Clinical Trial Data Management Software: A Review of the Technical Features
Authors: Nourani Aynaz , Ayatollahi Haleh , Dodaran Masoud Solaymani
Published: February 2019

Background:

Data management is an important, complex and multidimensional process in clinical trials. The execution of this process is very difficult and expensive without the use of information technology. A clinical data management system is software that is vastly used for managing the data generated in clinical trials. The objective of this study was to review the technical features of clinical trial data management systems.

Methods:

Related articles were identified by searching databases, such as Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, Ovid and PubMed. All of the research papers related to clinical data management systems which were published between 2007 and 2017 (n=19) were included in the study.

Results:

Most of the clinical data management systems were web-based systems developed based on the needs of a specific clinical trial in the shortest possible time. The SQL Server and MySQL databases were used in the development of the systems. These systems did not fully support the process of clinical data management. In addition, most of the systems lacked flexibility and extensibility for system development.

Conclusion:

It seems that most of the systems used in the research centers were weak in terms of supporting the process of data management and managing clinical trial's workflow. Therefore, more attention should be paid to design a more complete, usable, and high quality data management system for clinical trials. More studies are suggested to identify the features of the successful systems used in clinical trials.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Heterocyclic Imines Linked Coumarin- Thiazole Hybrids as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Goud Nerella S. , Ghouse Mahammad S. , Vishnu Jatoth , Pranay Jakkula , Alvala Ravi , Talla Venu , Qureshi Insaf A. , Alvala Mallika
Published: February 2019

Background:

Human Galectin-1, a protein of lectin family showing affinity towards β-galactosides
has emerged as a critical regulator of tumor progression and metastasis, by modulating diverse biological events
including homotypic cell aggregation, migration, apoptosis, angiogenesis and immune escape. Therefore,
galectin-1 inhibitors might represent novel therapeutic agents for cancer.

Methods:

A new series of heterocyclic imines linked coumarin-thiazole hybrids (6a-6r) was synthesized and
evaluated for its cytotoxic potential against a panel of six human cancer cell lines namely, lung (A549), prostate
(DU-145), breast (MCF-7 & MDA-MB-231), colon (HCT-15 & HT-29) using MTT assay. Characteristic apoptotic
assays like DAPI staining, cell cycle, annexin V and Mitochondrial membrane potential studies were performed
for the most active compound. Furthermore, Gal-1 inhibition was confirmed by ELISA and fluorescence
spectroscopy.

Results:

Among all, compound 6g 3-(2-(2-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene) hydrazineyl) thiazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-
one exhibited promising growth inhibition against HCT-15 colorectal cancer cells with an IC50 value of 1.28 ±
0.14 µM. The characteristic apoptotic morphological features like chromatin condensation, membrane blebbing
and apoptotic body formation were clearly observed with compound 6g on HCT-15 cells using DAPI staining
studies. Further, annexin V-FITC/PI assay confirmed effective early apoptosis induction by treatment with compound
6g. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced ROS generation were confirmed with JC-1
and DCFDA staining method, respectively by treatment with compound 6g, suggesting a possible mechanism
for inducing apoptosis. Moreover, flow cytometric analysis revealed that compound 6g blocked G0/G1 phase of
the cell cycle in a dose-dependent manner. Compound 6g effectively reduced the levels of Gal-1 protein in a
dose-dependent manner. The binding constant (Ka) of 6g with Gal-1 was calculated from the intercept value
which was observed as 1.9 x 107 M-1 by Fluorescence spectroscopy. Molecular docking studies showed strong
interactions of compound 6g with Gal-1 protein.

Conclusion:

Our studies demonstrate the anticancer potential and Gal-1 inhibition of heterocyclic imines linked
coumarin-thiazole hybrids.
Neuropsychiatric Aspects in Men with Klinefelter Syndrome
Authors: Giagulli Vito Angelo , Campone Beatrice , Castellana Marco , Salzano Ciro , Fisher Alessandra Daphne , de Angelis Cristina , Pivonello Rosario , Colao Annamaria , Pasquali Daniela , Maggi Mario , Triggiani Vincenzo
Published: February 2019

Background and objective: Klinefelter Syndrome (KS) is the most common sex chromosome aneuploidy (47, XXY) and cause of male hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. It is characterized by an extreme clinical heterogeneity in presentation, including infertility, hypogonadism, language delay, metabolic comorbidities, and neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders. Since testosterone is known to have organizational, neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects on brain, the condition of primary hypogonadism could play a role. Moreover, given that KS subjects have an additional X, genes on the extra-chromosome could also exert a significant impact. The aim of this narrative review is to analyze the available literature on the relationship between KS and neuropsychiatric disorders.

Methods:

To extend to the best of published literature on the topic, appropriate keywords and MeSH terms were identified and searched in Pubmed. Finally, references of original articles and reviews were examined.

Results:

Both morphological and functional studies focusing on the brain showed that there were important differences in brain structure of KS subjects. Different psychiatric disorders such as Schizophrenia, autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression and anxiety were frequently reported in KS patients according to a broad spectrum of phenotypes. T supplementation (TRT) was not able to improve the psychotic disorders in KS men with or without overt hypogonadism.

Conclusion:

Although the risk of psychosis, depression and autism is increased in subjects with KS, no definitive evidence has been found in studies aiming at identifying the relationship between aneuploidy, T deficit and the risk of psychiatric and cognitive disorders in subjects affected by KS.
Microbiota of a Full-scale UASB Reactor Treating Brewery Wastewater Using Illumina MiSeq Sequencing
Authors: Enitan Abimbola M. , Kumari Sheena , Swalaha Feroz M. , Odiyo John O. , Bux Faizal
Published: February 2019

Background:

The efficiency of biological wastewater treatment plant is determined by bacterial metabolism. There are data on the effect of operational parameters on microbial consortia present in laboratory scale reactor. However, knowledge on the full-scale reactor is still limited at present, hence the need to define the relations between the microbial structure and the performance of full-scale reactor.

Objective:

In this study, the microbial community structure in a full-scale UASB reactor treating brewery wastewater was assessed using metagenomics Next-Generation Sequencing technique.

Method:

Granular sludge samples were collected from the UASB reactor treating brewery wastewater and extracted genomic DNA was amplified using barcoded bacterial primer sets targeting V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA genes on sequencing Illumina MiSeq platform.

Results:

The taxonomic analysis revealed the abundance of bacteria (~95%) with considerable Archaea community (~2%) in the granular sludge. After trimming, 18 bacterial phyla, 29 orders, 36 families and 44 genera were recovered from the 48,488 sequences reads of the 16S rRNA genes analysed, where the most abundant community belongs to Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Synergistetes and Proteobacteria phyla.

Conclusion:

For a sustainable bioenergy generation, understanding the mechanisms of anaerobic system in relation to microbial community is an important factor to increase the production of biogas production during wastewater treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this report is one of the studies that explored and described bacterial diversity and community structure of a full-scale UASB reactor treating brewery wastewater using high-throughput sequencing. This study provides insight into the dominant microbial community and their phylogenetic diversity in biogas producing reactor.
Predominance of CTX-M Type Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) Producers Among Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Lohani Biraj , Thapa Mina , Sharma Laxmi , Adhikari Hriush , Sah Anil K. , Khanal Arun B. , Basnet Ranga B. , Aryal Manita
Published: February 2019

Background:

ESBL problem is increasing worldwide and only limited studies on genes of ESBL are performed in Nepal.

Objectives:

We aimed to focus on the molecular detection of plasmid-mediatedblaTEM,blaSHVandblaCTX-Mgenes among the ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae from different clinical samples.

Methods:

A total of 550 clinical samples were processed and organisms of Enterobacteriaceae were identified using standard microbiological process. ESBL producers were screened and confirmed using modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method by CLSI guidelines. Plasmids extracted from the confirmed ESBL positives were the template for PCR.blaSHV,blaTEMandblaCTX-Mgenes were amplified using specific primers of respective genes by uniplex PCR. The presence of these genes was confirmed by gel electrophoresis.

Results:

Among 550 different clinical samples 343 (62.36%) were culture positive. Of which, 157 (45.57%) belonged to Enterobacteriaceae.Escherichia coli(45.9%) was predominant. Of these 33.2% (52/157) isolates ESBL positive. ESBL-E. coli(52.8%) were prevalent. All ESBL positive organisms were sensitive to imipenem. Of confirmed ESBL positives, 34.6% harboringblaTEMgene, 30.8% harboringblaSHVgene andblaCTX-Mgenes were present in all ESBL producers. Twenty-eightout of 52 (53.9%) isolates harbored multipleblagenes, the most common combination beingblaCTX-M+blaTEM(21.2%).

Conclusion:

We report 100% plasmid mediated CTX-M genotype among ESBL producers which might indicate rapid dissemination ofblaCTX-Mgenes from the community to the patients. Besides, there is a need for regular monitoring of antibiotic resistance in the country and de-escalate the use of antibiotics so as to preserve the antibiotics for future generation.
Optimized V-Shaped Beam Micro-Electrothermal Actuator Using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Technique
Authors: Osman Salah Eldeen , Zarog Musaab
Published: February 2019

Background:

Electrothermal microactuators are very promising for wide range of Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) applications due to the low voltage requirement and large force produced.

Method:

A new optimized V-beam electrothermal micro actuator was implemented in variable optical attenuator. In this work, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is proposed to design the Vshaped beam.

Result:

The approach has successfully improved both angular displacement & output force of the microactuator. Entropy generation rate was used as optimization criteria.
Classification of EgyptSat-1 Images Using Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Keshk Hatem , Yin Xu-Cheng
Published: February 2019

Background:

Deep Learning (DL) neural network methods have become a hotspot subject
of research in the remote sensing field. Classification of aerial satellite images depends on spectral
content, which is a challenging topic in remote sensing.

Objective:

With the aim to accomplish a high performance and accuracy of Egyptsat-1 satellite image
classification, the use of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is raised in this paper because
CNN is considered a leading deep learning method. CNN is developed to classify aerial photographs
into land cover classes such as urban, vegetation, desert, water bodies, soil, roads, etc. In our work, a
comparison between MAXIMUM Likelihood (ML) which represents the traditional supervised classification
methods and CNN method is conducted.

Conclusion:

This research finds that CNN outperforms ML by 9%. The convolutional neural network
has better classification result, which reached 92.25% as its average accuracy. Also, the experiments
showed that the convolutional neural network is the most satisfactory and effective classification
method applied to classify Egyptsat-1 satellite images.
Reduction of Peak Average Power Ratio for FBMC Waveform with P-PTS Technique
Authors: Rathore Hemant , Kumar Arun
Published: February 2019

Background:

In this work, Peak Average Power Ratio (PAPR) reduction is achieved in
Filter Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC) by using a Pretreated Partial Transmit Sequence (P-PTS) technique.
High PAPR is seen as unitary of the major problems in FBMC.

Aim:

The proposed work present a double stage optimization technique termed P-PTS.

Methods:

In the first step, several overlying signals cooperative optimization method that the phase
angle sequences of current signal is intended and improved according to preceding overlapped signals.
An efficient PTS scheme for PAPR reduction is put through in the second form.

Results:

The suggested technique is carried out by changing the value of U and V to analyze the
BER and PAPR performance of the system. It is likewise noted that increasing the value of V can
significantly lessen the peak power.

Conclusion:

Simulation results reveal that the performance of the proposed P-PTS technique is better
than conventional PAPR reduction techniques with simple computations and the design complication
can be traded off further compliantly with PAPR diminution.
A Review of the Therapeutic Benefits of Moringa oleifera in Controlling High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
Authors: Okorie Chuku , Ajibesin Kola , Sanyaolu Adekunle , Islam Adeena , Lamech Selciya , Mupepi Kudakwashe , Mupepi Tatenda , Oseni Akeem , Oyeleke Oluwayemisi , Abioye Amos
Published: February 2019

Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) is an angiosperm plant that is a member of the Moringaceae family. It is a natural plant that is native to the sub-Himalayan northern regions of India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. The plant grows abundantly throughout tropical and subtropical areas of the world. For several centuries, many cultures have utilized various parts of the moringa plant as traditional medicine to treat common illnesses and control life-threatening conditions such as hypertension (HTN), diabetes, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, etc. This article reviewed the current literature on the therapeutic benefits of M. oleifera on hypertension, primarily focusing on identifying the plant’s key components and its roles in hindering the common pathophysiological pathways associated with hypertension. The number of people living with HTN has been predicted to increase to 1.56 billion worldwide by 2025 in spite of the myriads of preventive and treatment strategies available today. Therefore, it would be of great value to explore alternative complementary ways of controlling high blood pressure. HTN is commonly defined as blood pressure equal to or higher than 140/90 mm Hg. HTN itself is not a disease condition and does not elicit specific symptoms, however, if left untreated for a long time, it can lead to complicated cardiovascular diseases such as angina, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction as well as stroke and chronic kidney diseases. Primary hypertension is diagnosed when there is no known identifiable underlying cause for the onset of the condition. Secondary hypertension is diagnosed when there is evidence of a disease or disorder triggering the onset of the condition. It is apparent that understanding the role of M. oleifera in the management of hypertension would expand the valuable strategies for the control of this condition.
Pulgones (Hemiptera: Aphididae) y sus parasitoides (Hymenoptera) en cultivos de sorgo en los estados de Colima y Tamaulipas, México
Authors: Rodríguez-Vélez Beatriz , Suaste-Dzul Alba , Gallou Adrien , Rodríguez-Vélez José Manuel , Sarmiento-Cordero Mariza Araceli , Arredondo-Bernal Hugo Cesar
Published: February 2019

El pulgón amarillo del sorgo Melanaphis sacchari y el verde Schizaphis graminum son especies que coexisten en cultivos de sorgo. El pulgón verde se reportó por vez primera para México en 1972 en cultivos de avena, y el amarillo en 2013 en cultivo de sorgo, este último causando pérdidas hasta del 100%. Desde entonces, se realizan esfuerzos para su control, por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue conocer los parasitoides de M. sacchari y S. graminum en cultivos de sorgo en Colima y Tamaulipas. En 2014 se realizaron muestreos en cinco localidades de Tamaulipas afectadas por el pulgón amarillo, donde se colectaron pulgones parasitados. La recolecta en Colima fue en 2016, realizándose semanalmente durante un ciclo completo del sorgo con red de barrido y colecta directa. Se registraron dos especies de parasitoides: Lysiphlebus testaceipes, donde se reconocieron a nivel molecular dos haplotipos, uno por estado, 15 especímenes en Tamaulipas emergiendo del pulgón amarillo y seis en Colima también emergiendo del pulgón amarillo y 127 recolectados con red en Colima y, Pachyneuron aphidis hiperparasitoide de L. testaceipes, se registraron tres individuos emergiendo de momias de M. sacchari en Tamaulipas y dos en Colima, además de 12 especímenes recolectados con red en este estado. En Colima, el pulgón verde y L. testaceipes mostraron mayor presencia durante el desarrollo de las hojas e iniciación de la panoja, mientras que el pulgón amarillo fue más abundante durante el desarrollo y llenado de los granos, durante esa etapa la presencia de parasitoides fue casi nula. Concluyendo que L. testaceipes y P. aphidis aparentemente muestran preferencia por S. graminum en el área de estudio.
Exploring Existential Loneliness Among Frail Older People as a Basis for an Intervention: Protocol for the Development Phase of the LONE Study (Preprint)
Authors: Edberg Anna-Karin , Bolmsjö Ingrid
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

International research concerning end-of-life issues emphasizes the importance of health care professionals (HCPs) being prepared to deal with existential aspects, like loneliness, in order to provide adequate care. The last phase of life is often related to losses of different kinds, which might trigger feelings of isolation in general and existential loneliness (EL) in particular. There is a large body of research concerning loneliness among older people in general, but little is known about the phenomenon and concept of EL in old age.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe the framing, design, and first results of the exploratory phase of an intervention study focusing on EL among older people: the LONE study. This stage of the study corresponds to the development phase, according to the Medical Research Council framework for designing complex interventions.

METHODS

The LONE study contains both theoretical and empirical studies concerning: (1) identifying the evidence base; (2) identifying and developing theory through individual and focus group interviews with frail older people, significant others, and HCPs; and (3) modeling process and outcomes for the intervention. This project involves sensitive issues that must be carefully reviewed. The topic in itself concerns a sensitive matter and the study group is vulnerable, therefore, an ethical consciousness will be applied throughout the project.

RESULTS

The results so far show that EL means being disconnected from life and implies a feeling of being fundamentally separated from others and the world, whether or not one has family, friends, or other close acquaintances. Although significant others highlighted things such as lack of activities, not participating in a social environment, and giving up on life as aspects of EL, the older people themselves highlighted a sense of meaningless waiting, a longing for a deeper connectedness, and restricted freedom as their origins of EL. The views of HCPs on the origin of EL, the place of care, and their own role differed between contexts.

CONCLUSIONS

The studies focusing on identifying the evidence base and developing theory are published. These results will now be used to identify potential intervention components, barriers, and enablers for the implementation of an intervention aimed at supporting HCPs in encountering EL among older people.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

RR1-10.2196/13607
Understanding the Adoption and Diffusion of a Telemonitoring Solution in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Khalil Carine
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) require regular follow-ups and overall management to normalize maternal blood glucose and improve pregnancy outcomes. With the advancements made in the digital field, telemedicine is gaining popularity over traditional health care approaches in different medical fields. As for GDM, telemonitoring solutions seem to improve women’s quality of life and enhance self-management.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to understand, from patients’ and health care professionals’ (HCPs) perspectives, what drives the adoption and diffusion of a telemonitoring solution (myDiabby) in a context where telemonitoring activities are still not compensated like traditional follow-ups.

METHODS

The study was conducted in 12 diabetes services in France using myDiabby for monitoring and managing patients with GDM. A qualitative research approach was adopted for collecting and analyzing data. A total of 20 semistructured interviews were conducted with HCPs working in different health structures in France, and 15 semistructured interviews were conducted with patients who had been using myDiabby. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

RESULTS

Different determinants need to be taken into consideration when adopting an innovative health technology. By drawing on the diffusion of innovation theory, a set of factors associated with the technology (the relative advantages, compatibility, ease of use, testability, and observability of the telemedicine platform) has been identified as affecting the adoption and diffusion of telemonitoring solutions in French diabetes services. In addition, data analysis shows a set of environmental factors (the demographic situation of HCPs, the health care access in rural communities, and the economic and political context in France) that also influences the spread and adoption of telemonitoring systems in French hospitals.

CONCLUSIONS

Even though telemonitoring activities are still not remunerated as traditional follow-ups, many French HCPs support and encourage the adoption of telemonitoring systems in GDM. As for patients, telemonitoring systems are perceived as a useful and easy way to monitor their GDM. This study contributes to recognizing the value of telemonitoring interventions in managing GDM and considering the expansion of telemonitoring to other chronic conditions.
Un recipiente especial para una bebida peculiar. Análisis de la vasija maya K955
Authors: Mumary Farto Pablo Alberto
Published: February 2019

Resumen: Los vasos dinásticos forman parte de un material cerámico que destaca por su decoración y los contenidos informativos registrados en sus superficies. En el caso de los vasos de la dinastía Kaan, estos sobresalen porque en su narrativa jeroglífica aparecen listados de gobernantes cuyos orígenes parecen perderse en el tiempo; sin embargo, hay excepciones y, en algunos casos, la temática del objeto se complementa con referencias sobre el contenido, el uso y los propietarios en cuestión. En el presente trabajo se abordará, a través de un análisis epigráfico e iconográfico integral, el caso del vaso K955, el cual se utilizó para contener una bebida embriagante empleada en diferentes eventos de tipo ritual. Los resultados de este análisis permiten inferir diferentes contextos socio-políticos en los que el uso de dicho objeto cobró protagonismo.Summary: Dynastic pots or receptacles form part of a ceramic material that stands out for the decoration and distinctive details on its surfaces. Pots of the Kaan dynasty stand out because their narrative hieroglyphics depict lists of governors whose origins seem to have been lost in the mists of time; however, there are exceptions and in some cases, the theme of the artifact is complemented with references about the content, use and the owners in question. Through comprehensive epigraphic and iconographic analyses, this paper discusses the case of the K955 pot, which was used to hold an intoxicating beverage consumed in different types of rituals. The results of these analyses allow us to infer different social-political contexts in which the use of the artifact took on a greater relevance.Résumé : Les vases dynastiques font partie d’un matériel céramique qui se distingue par sa décoration et les informations qu’elle recèle. Les récits hiéroglyphiques des vases de la dynastie Kaan ont ceci de remarquable qu’ils comprennent des listes de dirigeants dont les origines semblent se perdre dans la nuit des temps ; il existe toutefois quelques exceptions où la thématique de l’objet est complétée par des références sur son contenu, son usage ou ses propriétaires. S’appuyant sur une analyse épigraphique et iconographique intégrale, le présent article s’intéresse au cas du vase K955, qui fut utilisé dans différents types de cérémonies rituelles comme récipient contenant une boisson enivrante. Les résultats de cette analyse permettent de distinguer différents contextes sociopolitiques dans lesquels cet objet a joué un rôle important.
Revisión histórica del “bisiesto náhuatl”: en memoria de Michel Graulich
Authors: Kruell Gabriel Kenrick
Published: February 2019

Resumen: Este artículo tiene como propósito hacer una revisión histórica de los diversos testimonios e hipótesis formuladas desde el siglo XVI sobre la existencia de un "bisiesto náhuatl", es decir un ajuste del calendario solar de los antiguos nahuas para hacerlo coincidir con la duración del año trópico. Al abordar este tema, se quiere conmemorar la figura de Michel Graulich (1944-2015), para quien esta cuestión fue una preocupación constante de su trabajo académico y el hilo conductor de su amplia investigación sobre las fiestas de las veintenas. Este especialista de las culturas mesoamericanas tenía una convicción inquebrantable acerca de la ausencia de un “bisiesto” en Mesoamérica, convencimiento que expresó siempre de manera muy firme del principio al fin de su carrera.Summary:The purpose of this article is to make a historical review of the different testimonies and hypotheses formulated from the sixteenth century about the existence of a “Nahuatl leap year”; i.e.; an adjustment to the solar calendar by the ancient Nahuas to make it match the duration of the tropical year. On discussing this issue, I wish to commemorate the figure of Michel Graulich (1944-2015), for whom this question was one of constant concern in his academic work and the guiding principle of his broad research into the twenty-day festivals. This specialist in Mesoamerican cultures had a firm conviction about the absence of a “leap year” in Mesoamerica. He always expressed this conviction very firmly from the beginning to the end of his career.Résumé : Cet article propose une révision historique des témoignages et des hypothèses formulées depuis le XVIe siècle sur l’existence d’un « bissexte nahua », c’est-à-dire un ajustement du calendrier solaire des anciens Nahuas visant à le faire coïncider avec la durée de l’année tropique. On ne peut aborder ce sujet sans évoquer la mémoire de Michel Graulich (1944-2015), tant cette question a été au coeur de ses préoccupations, constituant le fil conducteur de ses vastes recherches sur les fêtes des vingtaines. Ce spécialiste des cultures mésoaméricaines avait la conviction inébranlable qu’il n’a jamais existé de « bissexte » en Mésoamérique, conviction qu’il n’a cessé de réaffirmer jusqu’à la fin de sa carrière.
Kecerdasan Emosional dan Kualitas Hubungan Persahabatan
Authors: Damayanti Putri , Haryanto Haryanto
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to determine whether there are any correlation between emotional intelligence and the quality of friendship relations in adolescence. The initial presumption put forward in this study is there is a positive correlation between emotional intelligence and the quality of friendship relations in adolescence. This study tooks 162 high school students aged 15-17 years. Two scales used in this study are Emotional Intelligence Scale and Friendship Relations Quality. Data analysis method used in this study is Pearson product moment correlation analysis using computer program SPSS. The result indicate r = 0,532 and p = 0.000 or p < 0.01. This result shows that the initial presumption of this study is accepted, which means there is a positive correlation between emotional intelligence and the quality of friendship relations in adolescence with social skills as the most influential aspect to the quality of friendship relations.
Hubungan antara Dukungan Sosial Orang Tua dengan Penyesuaian Diri Mahasiswa Baru yang Merantau
Authors: Gunandar Maria Stephanie , Utami Muhana Sofiati
Published: February 2019

Adjustment in the freshmen students that leaving home for college is a process for an individual facing changes and learning to fit in with a new environment. The aim of the study is to determine the correlation between parental social-support with adjustment of the freshmen that leaving home for college. The subjects of the study are 96 undergraduates grade 2016 from several faculties of Universitas Gadjah Mada, they are Psychology, Economics and Business, also Social and Politics. Subjects are chosen by using purposive sampling method. Product Moment correlation analysis showed that there was association between parental social support with adjustment of the freshmen that leaving home for college with 0,317 as the correlation score. There was a positive and significant correlation between parental social-support with adjustment of the freshmen that leaving home for college.
Alarde tecnológico y modernidad en la obra de Enrique de la Mora y Palomar
Authors: Drago Quaglia Elisa
Published: February 2019

Una de las características de la monumental producción arquitectónica de Enrique de la Mora fue la búsqueda de la innovación tecnológica, en su propio momento histórico, así como la adopción de técnicas y procedi- mientos constructivos que, se estaban produciendo en otros lugares del mundo. Dicha a rmación es veri cable ya que la investigación actual se basa en el estudio de las fuentes primarias del material que está bajo la tutela del Archivo de Arquitectos Mexicanos FA/UNAM, en su mayor parte inédito. Por lo tanto, el hilo conductor aborda aspectos técnicos, pero se centra en la ruta de los procesos de diseño y desde una perspectiva his- tórica arquitectónica. Además, plantea preguntas de fondo, poco explora- das, sobre la complejidad de las elecciones de soluciones constructivas en un rango de posibilidades, vinculadas a propuestas de formas arqui- tectónicas. Lo anterior, entendido como aquellos contenedores urbanos que operan desde la presencia estática, mecánica, funcional y formal fue- ron el resultado de soluciones estructurales innovadoras.
Distrés psicológico, resiliencia y estrategias de afrontamiento en estudiantes universitarios del sistema a distancia.
Authors: De la Rosa Gómez Anabel
Published: February 2019

El propósito del presente estudio fue conocer la relación entre la resiliencia, las estrategias de afrontamiento y el vínculo con los síntomas del
distrés psicológico ante situaciones estresantes en estudiantes universitarios. Participaron 374 estudiantes, 271 mujeres y 103 hombres entre 18
y 65 años con una media de edad de 33.7 (D.E = 9.7). Mediante muestreo no probabilístico, se invitó a participar al alumnado del primer semestre
de la carrera de psicología en modalidad a distancia. Todos los participantes aceptaron el consentimiento informado para la evaluación voluntaria.
Se empleó un diseño transversal de tipo descriptivo correlacional. La aplicación se realizó a través de un sistema de encuestas en línea. Los resultados mostraron que a partir del análisis de correlación con la prueba de Spearman se confirman la hipótesis del estudio al revelar que existe
un vínculo moderado entre las variables de estudio al informar que a mayor número de eventos estresantes vividos, mayor percepción de estrés
y mayor severidad en el índice de distrés psicológico, lo que concuerda con estudios previos al informar el vínculo entre los acontecimientos vitales
adversos y su impacto en la salud psicológica. Asimismo, un mayor número de eventos estresantes se asoció con menor resiliencia © 2017
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Asociación Mexicana de Comportamiento y Salud. Este es un artículo Open Access bajo la licencia
CC BY-NC-ND (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Operaciones metódicas de la lógica dialéctica
Authors: De Gortari Eli
Published: February 2019

Operaciones metódicas de la lógica dialéctica
El deseo y el valor
Authors: Bayer Raymond
Published: February 2019

El deseo y el valor
Varios, El pensamiento prefilosófico
Authors: De Gortari Eli
Published: February 2019

Varios, El pensamiento prefilosófico
Fung Yu-lan, A History of Chinese Philosophy
Authors: De Gortari Eli
Published: February 2019

Fung Yu-lan, A History of Chinese Philosophy
Gustav Radbruch, Kleines Rechtsbrevier, Spruchbuch für Anselm
Authors: Recaséns Siches Luis
Published: February 2019

Gustav Radbruch, Kleines Rechtsbrevier, Spruchbuch für Anselm
Clarence Irving Lewis, The Ground and Nature of the Right
Authors: S. Hartman Robert
Published: February 2019

Clarence Irving Lewis, The Ground and Nature of the Right
Immanuel Kant, Lecciones de antropología: fragmentos de estética y antropología
Authors: Muñoz Velasco Julia
Published: February 2019

Las reseñas no incluyen resumen.
La (contra)creencia nietzscheana: perspectivismo contra fanatismo desde el libro V de La gaya ciencia
Authors: Rodríguez González Mariano
Published: February 2019

A partir del último libro de La gaya ciencia en este trabajo procedo, en primer lugar, a fijar los rasgos del nuevo entendimiento nietzscheano de la creencia en cuanto un determinar activo contrapuesto a la pretensión de verdad entendida como corrección o ajuste de la representación, es decir, en cuanto contracreencia. En segundo lugar, caracterizo a grandes rasgos lo que hay que considerar como creencia específicamente nietzscheana, constitutiva del sentido nuclear de su producción filosófica. Debemos denominar “fe dionisíaca” a esa “creencia”, en el entendido de que resulta imposible fijarla y definirla en un sentido estricto porque no excluiría nada, ni siquiera a sus opuestos.
José Luis Villacañas Berlanga, Populismo
Authors: Sánchez Madrid Nuria
Published: February 2019

Las reseñas no incluyen resumen.
Galen Strawson, Locke on Personal Identity. Consciousness and Concernment
Authors: Silva Carmen
Published: February 2019

Las reseñas no incluyen resumen.