bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ON THE RECONSTRUCTION OF PRESTRESS FIELDS IN A HOLLOW CYLINDER
Authors: Nedin R. D. , Yurov V. O.
Published: May 2023

The present research is devoted to the development of the theoretical foundations of nondestructive acoustic method for identifying inhomogeneous prestress fields in a hollow cylinder, depending on the probing loading type. A linearized model of steady oscillations of an elastic body in the presence of an inhomogeneous prestress field of arbitrary nature is considered in the standard and weak formulations. On the basis of this model, we formulate a problem for a cantilever-clamped prestressed hollow cylinder that performs steady axisymmetric vibrations under three types of probing loading. A corresponding weak formulation of the problem in the cylindrical coordinate system is presented, in which six independent components of the prestress tensor are taken into account. At that, a case of prestress fields obtained by applying some initial mechanical external static load is considered. In the presence and absence of prestresses of various types, amplitude-frequency dependences are analyzed, and resonant and natural frequencies are found in a wide frequency range. Numerical calculations were carried out using the FEM on a non-uniform grid; mesh refinement is carried out in the vicinity of the boundary points, where the type of boundary conditions changes. Based on the numerical solution of an auxiliary set of direct problems, seven types of prestress fields are constructed, differing in the types of initial loading, most often encountered in practice. To assess the possibility of implementing the procedure for reconstructing prestresses of each of the considered types, a sensitivity analysis was additionally performed, which showed that for some prestress types there are frequencies and types of probing loading for which the presence of prestress is practically not manifested. The sensitivity analysis performed made it possible to implement the optimal method of probing loading when solving the inverse coefficient problem. The statement of the new inverse problem on the restoration of arbitrary inhomogeneous prestress fields in the considered finite hollow cylinder is formulated. When restoring the prestress of a given structure, the inverse problem is reduced to finding a set of parameters from an ill-conditioned algebraic system, which was studied with the help of the A.N. Tikhonov regularization method. Additional data for solving the inverse problem was obtained on the basis of probing both via a single load and via combined probing modes. It has been found that it is most effective to use a combined loading mode and use a sufficiently wide frequency range when selecting sounding frequencies. The results of computational experiments on the reconstruction of six components of the prestress tensor are presented and analyzed, and recommendations are proposed for choosing the optimal modes of acoustic sounding.
APPLICABILITY INDICATORS FOR THE NONLINEAR MAXWELL-TYPE ELASTO-VISCOPLASTIC MODEL WITH POWER MATERIAL FUNCTIONS AND TECHNIQUES TO CALIBRATE THEM
Authors: Khokhlov А. V.
Published: May 2023

A physically non-linear Maxwell-type constitutive relation with two material functions for nonaging elasto-viscoplastic materials is studied analytically in order to examine the set of basic rheological phenomena that it simulates, to enclose its application field, to obtain necessary phenomenological restrictions which should be imposed on its material functions and to develop identification and validation techniques. Characteristic features of loading-unloading-recovery curves family produced by the model with two power material functions (with four parameters) under loading and unloading at constant stress rates and subsequent rest are analyzed in uni-axial case and compared to general properties of stress-strain-recovery curves produced by the constitutive relation with two arbitrary (increasing) material functions (theorems 1 and 2). Their dependences on loading rate, maximal stress and material functions exponents are examined. Power functions are the most popular in creep models, elastoviscoplasticity, polymer rheology, hydrodinamics of non-newtonian fluids and simulation of superplastic flow. The analysis reveals several specific properties of theoretic loading-unloading-recovery curves produced by power model with four parameters that can be employed as the model applicability indicators which are convenient for check using test data of a material. They should be checked in addition to general applicability indicators for the Maxwell-type constitutive relation with two arbitrary material functions. A number of effective calibration procedures for the model in the class of power material functions are developed. They are more rapid and effective than general identification techniques for two arbitrary material functions developed previously. The first procedure employs a pair of stress-strain curves at different stress rates, the second one is based on a pair of loadingunloading- recovery curves with various maximal stress values and loading rates and the third one needs only one loading-unloading-recovery curve. The explicit expressions are derived for four material parameters via test data. They enable separate and direct evaluation of the material parameters without error accumulation. Identification techniques versions are considered and their advantages and shortcomings are discussed. The ways to minimize the error using additional tests are proposed.
EN PRENSA. La diversidad de maíces nativos persiste en áreas rurales en transición hacia lo urbano. EN PRENSA
Authors: Toxtle-Flores Patricia , Gil-Muñoz Abel , López Pedro Antonio , Silva-Gómez Sonia Emilia
Published: May 2023

Entre los factores que se afirma amenazan la diversidad de maíces nativos está la creciente urbanización, pues ocasiona la reducción de áreas agrícolas y contribuye a la pérdida de variedades. Aun cuando el proceso de urbanización está ocurriendo en varias áreas rurales, actualmente son escasos los estudios orientados a precisar el nivel de diversidad morfológica presente en los maíces aún cultivados en tales espacios y a determinar su grado de asociación con las razas ahí reportadas. Ello constituyó el objetivo de esta investigación. Por tanto, durante el año 2021, en el municipio de Coronango, Puebla, se recolectaron 54 poblaciones nativas que, junto con tres testigos raciales, seis variedades experimentales y un testigo comercial, se evaluaron bajo temporal en tres juntas auxiliares del municipio, utilizando un diseño látice simple 8×8. Se cuantificaron 37 variables (fenológicas, morfológicas, e índices derivados), las cuales se sometieron a análisis de varianza combinado, de conglomerados y de componentes principales. Hubo diferencias altamente significativas entre materiales para las 37 variables evaluadas. El análisis multivariado reveló la existencia de tres grupos de poblaciones nativas, diferenciados entre sí básicamente por coloración del grano, precocidad y características de hoja, espiga, mazorca y grano. Tales grupos mostraron escasa relación con las razas Cónico y Elotes cónicos, pero uno de los de grano blanco se asoció con la raza Chalqueño. Se concluye que pese a las presiones que enfrenta este espacio en transición entre lo rural y lo urbano, aún persiste un nivel importante de diversidad morfológica entre los maíces ahí cultivados.
Why does the nexus between finance and inequality break in times of financialization? Empirical evidence for the European Union countries
Authors: Barradas Ricardo
Published: May 2023

The majority of policy makers in developed countries have, since the 1970s and 1980s, put in place a strong process for the liberalization, deregulation and privatization of the financial system, particularly persuaded by the mainstream assumption that this represents the best strategy to sustain the growth of finance, enhance economic growth and lessen inequality. Nonetheless, economic growth has been quite anaemic in the majority of developed countries, and inequality has continued to widen in the last four decades, which feeds non-mainstream beliefs regarding the disruptive role played by the growth of finance in contemporary societies in times of financialization. This paper aims to contribute to the current debate between the mainstream and the non-mainstream literature on the effect of the growth of finance on the level of inequality by performing a panel data econometric analysis for all the European Union countries from 1980 to 2019. Our findings confirm that finance, economic growth, educational attainment and degree of trade openness have a positive long-term effect on the level of inequality in the European Union countries, whilst government spending has a negative impact in the short term. Our findings imply that policy makers should rethink the functioning of the financial system and adopt public policies that are more in favour of the poor in order to constrain the growth of inequality in the European Union countries.
CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA E A PANDEMIA DO NOVO CORONAVÍRUS: ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DO IMPACTO EM PROCEDIMENTOS DO SUS E DE CONVÊNIO
Authors: Masuko Tatiana Mie , Czeckzo Nicolau Gregori , Nassif Paulo Afonso Nunes , Malafaia Osvaldo , Ribas Filho Jurandir Marcondes
Published: May 2023

Introdução : O tratamento da obesidade envolve diversas abordagens multidisciplinares, incluindo a intervenção cirúrgica. A pandemia de COVID-19 impactou o acesso a ela gerando dificuldades em sua retomada e acentuando as disparidades entre o sistema público e privado. Objetivo : Analisar o impacto da pandemia na cirurgia bariátrica realizada pelo SUS e por convênios médicos no Brasil. Métodos: Os dados foram coletados utilizando as bases de dados TABNET do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH), do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), e o Painel de dados do TISS da Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar (ANS), no período de 2015 a 2021 e foi realizada uma análise quantitativa descritiva, calculando-se a média das informações. Além disso, foram realizadas estimativas estatísticas utilizando regressão linear no software SPSS, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados : Foi identificado de forma significativa e direta entre o aumento do número de procedimentos realizados pelo SUS e o aumento do meio de procedimentos ao longo dos anos, enquanto nenhum sistema de atendimentos não foi significativo.Durante uma pandemia, houve queda expressiva no volume emitido em ambos os sistemas, com o sistema público sendo mais afetado. A retomada do volume aspirado ainda não alcançou os níveis superiores à pandemia no sistema público, enquanto o sistema privado apresentou aumento significativo. Conclusão : A pandemia do COVID-19 teve impacto significativo na capacidade do setor público e privado em realizar operações bariátricas no Brasil. Os resultados evidenciam diferenças regionais e socioeconômicas na realização desses procedimentos.
MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF Al2O3 AND CNT NANOFLUID DROPLETS DURING SOLIDIFICATION
Authors: Tian JinJin , Sun Na , Zhang Zhe , Mehendale Sunil S. , Liu Xunjie , Zhang Zhihong
Published: May 2023

Nanofluid is an emerging heat transfer fluid with good heat transfer and thermal conductivity properties. It is important to investigate the phase change properties and morphological evolution during the freezing of nanofluid droplets to understand their practical applications. The effect of dynamic wettability on the deformation of a single droplet of aluminum trioxide (Al2O3-H2O) and graphene (CNT-H2O) nanofluids at different mass concentrations and substrate temperatures was investigated by visualizing the droplet freezing. The formation of solid-like and freezing front motions inside the droplet during the freezing process of these droplets was investigated. The solidification process was strongly influenced by the temperature gradient perpendicular to the cold surface and the change in the solid–liquid interface wettability during the phase change, resulting in volume redistribution at the top of the droplet. The freezing shape of Al2O3-H2O nanodroplets resembled a "moon crater," and the influence of wettability decreased with increasing concentration, leading to a relative increase in the aperture of the top platform. The fully frozen state of the nanofluid droplet had an increasingly pointed tip, with a strong relationship between the substrate temperature and solidification time when the CNT-H2O concentration was 5 times higher and showed no change in the freezing droplet deformation rate under the experimental conditions. The contact angle of the two nanofluid droplets did not fluctuate significantly with increasing concentration, while that of the 1% nanofluid droplets remained at an average value of 85° during freezing. Under different freezing conditions, the freezing shape of Al2O3-H2O droplets tended to increase in diameter as the subcooling temperature decreased, with the final deformation rate of 1% Al2O3-H2O being twice that at 5% concentration, while the contact angle of the same mass concentration of Al2O3-H2O decreased by 1° as the subcooling temperature dropped. The CNT-H2O droplet became sharper at the tip as the subcooling temperature increased, and its contact angle did not change with temperature.
Long-term performance of basalt fibre-reinforced marine geopolymer concrete in harsh environment
Authors: Rahman Sherin Khadeeja , Al-Ameri Riyadh
Published: May 2023

The current study reports on the long-term structural performance of novel reinforced marine geopolymer concrete beams under accelerated weathering conditions. The study covers the flexural performance of 40 geopolymer concrete beams reinforced with basalt fibre-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars, including 12 beams under sustained loading when exposed to 3, 6 and 12 months of accelerated marine environment consisting of tidal cycles of seawater at a temperature of 50°C. The experimental results revealed that the novel marine geopolymer concrete reinforced with BFRP bars reported minimal micro- and macro-mechanical degradation compared to geopolymer concrete or ordinary concrete beams under the same exposure environment, with and without sustained loading. The BFRP-reinforced self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC) beams reported 87% residual ultimate load after 12 months of exposure to marine environments, while the sustained loaded BFRP-SCGC beams reported a residual strength of 79%. In addition, microstructural assessment using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis revealed that after 12 months of exposure there was a trace of chloride salts, indicating the chemical ingress over time; however, the impact on structural properties is not distinct.
MAP3D: An explorative approach for automatic mapping of real-world eye-tracking data on a virtual 3D model
Authors: Stein Isabell , Jossberger Helen , Gruber Hans
Published: May 2023

Mobile eye tracking helps to investigate real-world settings, in which participants can move freely. This enhances the studies’ ecological validity but poses challenges for the analysis. Often, the 3D stimulus is reduced to a 2D image (reference view) and the fixations are manually mapped to this 2D image. This leads to a loss of information about the three-dimensionality of the stimulus. Using several reference images, from different perspectives, poses new problems, in particular concerning the mapping of fixations in the transition areas between two reference views. A newly developed approach (MAP3D) is presented that enables generating a 3D model and automatic mapping of fixations to this virtual 3D model of the stimulus. This avoids problems with the reduction to a 2D reference image and with transitions between images. The x, y and z coordinates of the fixations are available as a point cloud and as .csv output. First exploratory application and evaluation tests are promising: MAP3D offers innovative ways of post-hoc mapping fixation data on 3D stimuli with open-source software and thus provides cost-efficient new avenues for research.
A property of extreme entropy values in critical regimes of two-phase flows
Authors: Barsky E.
Published: May 2023

In a critical regime of vertical ascending flows, a certain part of solid particles moves with the flow, while another part settles against the flow. Entropy is a key parameter in the analysis of properties of mass systems. It can be considered as consisting of two parts ― internal entropy arising during irreversible processes within the system and external entropy depending on the system correlation with the surroundings. Here a system represents the totality of all solid particles of various sizes simultaneously present in the flow. In thermodynamics, ordinary total entropy consisting of these two components has a tendency to reach the maximum when the entire system reaches equilibrium. In this case, its internal entropy always increases. In contrast to the conventional entropy, the internal entropy in the process under study can decrease due to the peculiarities of the solid phase motion and mass exchange caused by the latter. However, in a critical regime, one can always reveal a narrow size class in a mixture of particles, whose entropy tends to maximum when this class reaches a peculiar equilibrium in the flow. The peculiarity of this equilibrium consists in an equiprobable distribution of particles of this class in both directions – upwards and downwards. For other size classes participating in the process, the internal entropy does not reach the maximum, and these classes are not equally distributed between the directions of motion. The condition of optimal mass exchange of the total granulometric set of particles in specific conditions of critical flow is connected with an equilibrium size class. Ill. 1. Ref. 2.
Influence of laser modification of nitride ceramics surface layer on the milling cutters reliability during the finishing of hardened steel workpieces
Authors: Kuzin V. V. , Grigor’ev S. N. , Fedorov S. Yu. , Volosova M. A.
Published: May 2023

The influence of pulsed laser modification of nitride ceramics surface layer on the milling cutters reliability during the finishing of hardened steel workpieces was revealed. An increase in milling cutters reliability with modified cutting inserts was associated with the removal of defective layer formed during grinding and the formation of new surface layer under pulsed laser action, which has a low degree of defect and increased resistance to crack growth. Ill. 6. Ref. 24.
Assessment of the quality of zirconia for the production of refractories
Authors: Sokolov V. A. , Gasparyan M. D. , Kirov S. S.
Published: May 2023

The problems of zirconia quality of various producers were discussed. The main groups of consumers of zirconia and their requirements for its quality are given. It has been shown that when developing a technology for producing zirconia by a carbothermic method, an analysis of the consumption volumes of zirconia by various consumers is required to determine the rational range of products. Ref. 13. Tab. 3.
Intensification of polydisperse materials separation process
Authors: Barsky M.
Published: May 2023

In recent years an indubitable progress has been made in the development of separators for powder fractionating. The development of new types of cascade separators significantly improves the quality of final fractionation products. Consumed material concentration in all types of cascade separators does not exceed, as a rule, two kilograms of solid phase per a cubic meter of air flow. Therefore, to attain high productivities, considerable investments are needed, because for this purpose several apparatuses operating in parallel or apparatuses of large overall sizes are required. Special researches have shown the possibility of increasing the solid phase consumed concentration in a cascade apparatus up to 6,25 кг/м3 using a special attachment without altering the separation efficiency. Ill. 4. Ref. 3.
Method for estimating the structural parameters of ceramics
Authors: Kryuchkov Yu. N. , Neklyudova T. L.
Published: May 2023

A simplified method is proposed for determining the structural parameters of composite ceramics using porcelain as an example from the average coordination number of random packing and optical microscopy data. This eliminates the ambiguity in the representation of structural parameters. The calculated average distance between quartz particles in porcelain agrees well with experiment. Ill. 1. Ref. 9. Tab. 2.
Synthesis а compositе containing sialon based on aluminum ferrosilicon and nanosized microsilica in the filtration combustion
Authors: Bolgaru K. A. , Reger A. A. , Vereshchagin V. I.
Published: May 2023

A composite containing sialon (β-sialon) and nitride phases (β-Si3N4, Si2N2O) was prepared by self-propagating hightemperature synthesis from a powder mixture of aluminum ferrosilicon and microsilica. The effect of microsilica on the nitriding of aluminum ferrosilicon, the phase composition of nitrided products, and the combustion temperature was studied. The composition of the powder mixture necessary for the efficient synthesis of the sialon phase in the combustion mode has been determined. Ill. 5. Ref. 32.
Composite material for a volume energy-intensive resistor
Authors: Fedotov A. V. , Belyakov A. V.
Published: May 2023

A three-fraction composition of the ceramic forming mass was developed for obtaining energy-intensive resistors based on powders of electrocorundum with grainism F 120, F 400 and a thin milk electrically conductive fraction from a colloidgraphite drug of the S-1 brand. To bind the grains when forming the workpiece, an aluminumchromophosphate bundle was used, which allows to receive clogging, unsaturated products. The components of the forming mass mixed and pressed semi-finished products. For comparison, an analysis of the structure and composition of the resistor of the company HVR International was carried out. The effect of pressing pressure developed by the amount of electrical resistance and the density of the material has been studied. Changing the content of colloidal nano-size graphite, they received a wide range of electrical tests. Based on colloidal graphite and aluminum-containing ligament, masses are obtained that reduce contact resistance. Ill. 3. Ref. 16. Tab. 4.
Refractory foam concrete for nuclear power
Authors: Sycheva A. M. , Ruabova S. S. , Pirogov S. Yu. , Pyzhov S. I.
Published: May 2023

The composition of refractory foam concrete for long-term use at high temperatures in the nuclear power industry has been developed. Foam concrete based on Portland cement has an average density class of D700 and a maximum permissible application temperature class of I5 (500 °C). It is shown that Refractory foam concrete has improved deformation characteristics in terms of axial tension and flexural tensile strength. Changes in the strength of refractory foam concrete with an increase in the heating temperature of samples up to 400 °C, as well as its strength during prolonged exposure (up to 2000 h) at 200 and 400 °C. are presented. A thermodynamic calculation is given with the possible formation of low-base hydrosilicates (gyrolite and afwellite) up to 400 °C, which is confirmed by the results of studies of the phase composition of samples of refractory foam concrete. Ill. 8. Ref. 23. Tab. 5.
Influence of graphite additives on tribological properties of nickel-containing hardmetals
Authors: Khorev V. A. , Kurochkin S. Yu. , Runyantsev V. I. , Fishchev V. N. , Ponomarenko G. A.
Published: May 2023

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Influence of aspiration dust on technical properties and phase composition of seismic bricks
Authors: Abdrakhimova E. S. , Abdrakhimov V. Z.
Published: May 2023

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Application of spent cracking catalysts in ceramic technology
Authors: Fedotov A. V. , Belyakov A. V. , Vanchurin V. I.
Published: May 2023

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Determination of the influence of the incoming flow on the vortex zones at the entrance to the suction sockets. Part 1. The flat problem
Authors: Logacheva A. K. , Averkova O. A. , Ziganshin A. M. , Logachev K. I. , Popov E. N.
Published: May 2023

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Factors influencing handwashing among community dwelling older adults, using the 2021 Community Health Survey: A secondary analysis study
Authors: Hwang Yun Hee , Jun Hye Jung
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify handwashing in older adults living in the community and to identify the factors affecting handwashing. Methods: A total of 73,492 older adults were selected and analyzed using the 2021 Community Health Survey. The Rao-Scott χ2 test was conducted to evaluate the differences between demographic, health status, and fear of infection with COVID-19, and health literacy according to handwashing. Results: Gender (odds ratio [OR]=2.56, p<.001), age (OR=1.61, p<.001), education (OR=0.60, p<.001), region (OR=2.35, p<.001), monthly income (OR=1.21, p=.036), subjective health status (OR=1.95, p<.001), depression experiences (OR=1.38, p=.006), fear of COVID-19 infection (OR=2.44, p<.001), and health literacy (OR=1.71, p<.001) were identified as significant influencing factors of older adult handwashing. Conclusion: Based on these research results, it is necessary to develop and implement an education program for proper handwashing for older male adults residing in rural areas and/or living in local communities with low levels of education and poor health.
A comparison of dementia care and policy in five Asian regions: A literature review
Authors: Kang Younhee , Jung Dukyoo , Lee Jay Jung Jae , Lirtmunlikaporn Sumalee , Sung Huei-Chuan , Yamakawa Miyae , Hur Yujin , Yoo Leeho
Published: May 2023

Purpose: This review was comprised of an integrative analysis of the literature on the current state of dementia and related issues in Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand. Methods: Published reports and policy documents from MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, and each government’s database were used in this review. Results: All five Asian regions are projected to become super-aged societies within 12 years, and the number of people with dementia has increased in these regions. All five regions have established dementia policies, which include improving dementia awareness, risk reduction, early diagnosis, and support programs for caregivers. However, there is a lack of information systems for sharing dementia data and research funding for dementia. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish a dementia committee for Asian regions to actively address the challenges posed by the upcoming super-aged societies and to complement the insufficient research. This review provides future directions for dealing with diverse dementia-related issues and can serve as the basis for forming an Asian dementia committee.
Comportamiento productivo y química sanguínea en pollitas de reemplazo de ponedoras White Leghorn alimentadas con harina de forraje de Tithonia diversifolia
Authors: Vazquez Pedroso Ysnagmy , Rodríguez Sánchez Bárbara , Savón Valdés Lourdes Lucila , Ruíz Vázquez Tomás Elías
Published: May 2023

La harina de forraje de Tithonia diversifolia constituye una alternativa práctica para la sustitución de alimentos convencionales en dietas para aves, dadas sus características nutricionales. Sin embargo, las investigaciones sobre el uso de esta planta en alimentación de aves aún son escasas, por lo que persiste la necesidad de continuar los estudios y en especial, en el caso de pollitas de reemplazo, categoría avícola poco investigada. El presente estudio evaluó el efecto de la harina de forraje de tithonia (ecotipo 10) en el comportamiento productivo y química sanguínea de pollitas de reemplazo de ponedoras White Leghorn L-33, de 1 a 18 semanas de edad. Se utilizaron 840 aves con peso vivo promedio inicial de 70 ± 10 g. Los tratamientos experimentales consistieron en una dieta control (maíz-soya) y la inclusión de 10, 15 y 20 % de harina de forraje de Tithonia diversifolia, con siete repeticiones (jaulas) cada uno y cada jaula con 30 pollitas como unidad experimental. De 7 a 63 d de edad las aves alimentadas con tithonia tuvieron un comportamiento productivo similar al control. En aves de 64 a 126 días se detectó mayor uniformidad en los lotes con el 20 % de inclusión de harina de tithonia. No se observaron diferencias entre tratamientos para la concentración de proteínas totales, albúmina y globulinas en sangre. Se concluyó que la inclusión de harina de tithonia del ecotipo 10 hasta en un 20 % de la dieta no afecta el comportamiento productivo ni la salud de pollitas de reemplazo de ponedoras White Leghorn entre 1 y 18 semanas de edad.
Influence of shade on productivity and nutritional value of Urochloa decumbens in silvopastoral systems using different spatial arrangements of eucalyptus cultivars
Authors: Santos Claudinei Alves dos , Oliveira Alan Figueiredo de , Moreira Elwira Daphinn Silva , Gonçalves Lúcio Carlos , Viana Maria Celuta Machado , Gontijo Neto Miguel Marques , Lana Ângela Maria Quintão
Published: May 2023

This study evaluated pasture productivity and nutritional characteristics of Urochloa decumbens in silvopastoral systems (SPS) with different eucalyptus cultivars and spatial arrangements providing differing levels of shade. SPS were arranged to provide 46 % shade (eucalyptus trees arranged in 2 double rows 2 m apart, with trees every 3 m in each row, and 20 m between double rows), 60 % shade (eucalyptus trees arranged in 2 double rows 2 m apart, with trees every 2 m in each row in double rows and 9 m between double rows) and 57 % shade (eucalyptus trees arranged in a single row, with trees every 2 m in the row and 9 m between rows) using eucalyptus cultivars ‘GG100’, ‘I144’ or ‘VM58’. Two full sun pastures treated as managed (soil pH correction and N, P and K fertilizer application) or non-managed (no correction or fertilizer application) were evaluated in addition to the 3 SPS arrangements. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was 1,439 μmol/m2/s in full sun compared with a mean of 715 μmol/m2/s under different SPS arrangements. Leaf area index of U. decumbens was 28 % higher in 46 % shade and lower in all shade arrangements compared with full sun managed pasture. The dry matter yield was 58 % lower in 46 % shade and 86 % lower in 60 % shade compared with full sun managed pasture. The crude protein content in SPS pastures was higher than in the full sun pastures, with higher values in 57 % and 60 % shade. SPS significantly reduced the PAR and forage yield. These results indicate that in systems where the main objective is animal production, spacing between tree rows greater than 20 m should be used to provide sufficient high-quality grass.
Quelques difficultés grammaticales que révèle la construction d’un dictionnaire
Authors: HODIEB Liliane
Published: May 2023

Parlé dans la région nord-ouest du Cameroun, l’une des deux régions anglophones du pays, le wushi est une langue sous-documentée appartenant à la famille des langues Grassfields bantu. Une analyse comparative des langues ring montre que le wushi se trouve à un stade «intermédiaire» d’évolution, par rapport aux langues apparentées qui semblent avoir atteint un stade plus avancé, en termes de grammaticalisation. En effet plusieurs processus notamment phonologiques et morphosyntaxiques sont inachevés. De plus, la mobilité inhabituelle des marqueurs de classes à l’intérieur de syntagmes nominaux laisse perplexe quant à leur statut grammatical : s’agit-il d’affixes ou de clitiques ? Sachant que la tendance observée dans les langues est un changement de clitique à affixe (Joseph 1995 :33), on a, de toute évidence, là encore un processus en cours. Caractériser de tels éléments en tant que clitiques ou affixes est une question cruciale notamment pour le choix d’écriture à adopter lors de la conception de documents dans la langue, parmi lesquels le dictionnaire occupe une place primordiale. En effet après la grammaire de référence, le dictionnaire constitue un document de base pour les langues et particulièrement les langues en danger et sans documentation. La grammaire de référence et le dictionnaire du wushi sont deux projets que nous avons entrepris il y a quelques années. Dans ces travaux, et notamment dans la construction du dictionnaire bilingue wushi-anglais, plusieurs éléments de la grammaire du wushi se révèlent particulièrement épineux lorsqu’on se met dans la peau d’un apprenant n’ayant aucune connaissance de la langue : sachant que la notion de grammaire évoque d’emblée un ensemble de règles, comment enseigner et apprendre la langue lorsque plusieurs de ces règles manifestent une apparente «instabilité» ? Dans cet article, nous montrerons à travers l’exemple du wushi, la nécessité pour le linguiste qui décrit une langue dans la perspective de la documenter et à terme de l’enseigner, d’effectuer des choix d’analyse en conséquence, particulièrement lorsque la langue est dans un état «transitoire» et surtout faiblement documentée. Invoquer les faits diachroniques, l’histoire est par ailleurs fortement recommandé pour expliquer certains phénomènes synchroniques.
FAILURE ANALYSIS OF CARBIDE TWIST-DRILL BIT FOR SMALL-SCALE GRANITE DRILLING
Authors: Dewangan Saurabh , Burja Jaka
Published: May 2023

This paper deals with a failure analysis of WC-Co carbide-based twist drills used for small-scale granite drilling. A bench-top drill was used for this study. The aim of the study was to analyse a simulated in-situ rock-drilling operation normally carried out in mines. After a drilling time of 15 minutes, the drills were examined using scanning electron microscopy. On macroscopic observation, both cutting edges of the drills showed slight signs of abrasion, but these were not significant. The chisel edge was also abraded and showed some macroscopic abrasion marks. The electron micrographs showed various signs of decomposition at the micro and nano levels, including cracks in the WC grains, cavities in the grains, Co-binder erosion and some heavy abrasion marks. In addition, some parts of the carbide grains were covered with a thin layer of rock. The wear analysis is an important approach to understanding exactly the damage behaviour of the tool so that the material composition can be changed to avoid premature tool failure.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PNEUMATIC, ARTIFICIAL-MUSCLE- BASED PRESS FOR PUNCHING THIN METAL SHEETS
Authors: Kapti Akin Oguz , Atakul Ilker
Published: May 2023

The present study examines the nonlinear behavior of pneumatic, artificial muscles and investigates their availability for producing pressing forces over the experimentally determined tensile forces. It covers the design and manufacturing studies of a test setup and a pneumatic, artificial-muscle-based press to achieve this goal. The press design consists of a single pneumatic artificial muscle to provide the main pressing force and another two to bring the press back to the neutral position. The proposed approach is considered sufficient for thin sheet-metal punching molds and fills a gap in the spectrum of pressing technologies. A sufficient level of pressing force for thin sheet-metal punching is found to be achievable using a single 40-mm-diameter, pneumatic, artificial muscle. The results show that the press can produce (9.1, 23.1 and 36.9) kN pressing forces at (200, 400 and 600) kPa air pressures, respectively.
EFFECTS OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS AND SURFACE PROPERTIES ON THE CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF HVOF-DEPOSITED WC COATINGS
Authors: Ozkan Erhan
Published: May 2023

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the corrosion behavior of nickel-aluminum buffer and tungsten-carbide-based ceramic-metal composite coated materials on EN 1.4404 quality stainless steels in a sulfuric acid (H2SO4) environment for petrochemical industry applications. For this purpose, tungsten-carbide-based coatings were produced on nickel-aluminum-deposited 1.4404 stainless-steel substrates using the HVOF (High Velocity Oxy-Fuel) technique. In the characterization of coatings, X-ray diffraction (XRD) for phase analysis, optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for surface morphology, image analyzer for coating thickness measurements, energy distribution spectroscopy (EDS) for elemental analysis, and roughness device for surface structures, were used. WC-, Co-, Ni-, and NiAl-based phases were observed in the coatings. According to metallographic studies, all the coatings had a similar coating microstructure and made good contact with the substrate. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements and corrosion tests were carried out to determine the corrosion behavior of HVOF plasma-sprayed coatings using a potentiostat/galvanostat. The results showed that the WCCo-NiAl-coated stainless-steel substrate had a higher corrosion resistance to the H2SO4 environment than the NiAl and WCNi-NiAl samples.
A relação entre linguagem e práticas pseudocientíficas
Authors: Bacchi André Demambre , Bacchi Bruna Stievano
Published: May 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A Análise do Discurso tem demonstrado que a neutralidade é algo inexistente na língua. Cada escolha lexical não é aleatória e, dentro de cada escolha, há uma diversidade de possibilidades de intenções, colocações e interpretações. Cultura, hábitos, crenças e todo o conjunto de características que compõe uma sociedade influenciam a construção da língua. Em uma sociedade na qual a ciência e o método científico estejam sendo subestimados ou ignorados, enquanto práticas pseudocientíficas são valorizadas, é esperado que haja um reflexo disso na linguagem. OBJETIVO: Discutir o impacto da linguagem e das escolhas lexicais na aparência de legitimidade científica de práticas pseudocientíficas. METODOLOGIA: Neste estudo, utilizamos ferramentas da linguística associadas ao pensamento científico para identificar de que forma as pseudociências podem se beneficiar da linguagem para aumentar sua credibilidade, com foco no uso de afixos. RESULTADOS: Falantes de uma língua possuem intuições sobre as regras formativas e significados relacionados aos afixos, mesmo sem estudarem formalmente as construções linguísticas ou epistemologia. Nesse sentido, práticas pseudocientíficas podem se beneficiar da aparência de legitimidade científica conferida pela percepção etimológica popular de sufixos e prefixos comumente empregados para designar áreas ou subáreas de estudos acadêmico-científicos. CONCLUSÃO: As palavras e afixos utilizados na linguagem científica não possuem definições precisas e inequívocas, mas sim, estão sujeitos a interpretações variadas e conflitantes. Diante dessa vulnerabilidade, a linguagem, como reflexo da sociedade em que estamos inseridos, pode limitar nossa capacidade de tomada de decisões racionais em relação à saúde.
Social Inclusive Education Project (SIEP) as a Community for Handling Children with Special Needs in Rural Areas
Authors: Azizah Nur , Prasetyo Adhit Cahyo , Dini Nur , Wulandari Vera , Kruesa Maisarah
Published: May 2023

Education is for everyone. This indicates that everyone deserves access to education either in urban areas or urban areas. The purpose of this study is to describe the handling of the Social Inclusive Education Project (SIEP) community for children with special needs in rural areas. Data collection techniques are used for observations and interviews with SIEP founders and volunteers. The results show that the SIEP community has carried out various treatments for special needs children in rural areas. An assessment was run by the volunteers before carried out the treatment. The handling is carried out after making the Individualized Education Program for each child with special needs, including down syndrome, motor barriers, specific learning difficulties, visual impairments, and speech delays. The children with special needs are given treatment according to the child's needs such as training to memorize the Qur’an, training in prayer procedures, the introduction of numbers and letters, training in pronunciation of vowels, reading storybooks, writing training, and swimming training. The effort and aid carried out by the SIEP community for children with special needs in rural areas are expected to be a reference for volunteering activities for children with special needs in Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Thailand, and other countries in the world.
Mental Stress Education: The Changes in The Life and Conditions of Patients
Authors: Arpentieva M. R. , Minghat Asnul Dahar , Kassymova G. K.
Published: May 2023

The goal of this study was to look at the issues of anticipating and reducing stress caused by changes in a person's life (patient). This study looked at patient narratives as one of the most effective types of psychotherapeutic work with adults, especially work geared at masculine development. We paid specific attention to the issues with signal metaphors and psychological transformation triggers. The research technique was based on a theoretical understanding of the issues of anticipating and reducing the stress of life changes (patient). The key findings of this study revealed that the patient overcome liminality or estrangement from himself and the world. In a person's life, a metaphor serves as both a signal and a trigger for change. Then, its use, in one way or another, discloses zones that are vulnerable to change and encourages change. Metaphors can be found in a variety of archetypal frameworks as well as specific role model metaphors. They allow you to assess the patient's internal movement toward the achievement of a specific motivation or intention, encourage upward and/or slow down downward goals, and understand how the patient perceives external changes and how he reacts to change stress.
Education on the Effect of Malnutrition on Prenatal Factors for Children with Special Needs
Authors: Rinaldhi Rifkhi , Nandiyanto Asep Bayu Dani
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to educate the public regarding nutritional deficiencies that can affect health, including a mother's pregnancy. The method used in this research is the experimental method by giving a pre-test to the respondents as many as 20 people as a sample. Then action is given in the form of education related to malnutrition which is a factor causing children with special needs and then a post-test is given to respondents. The results showed that the average N-gain was 0.62 (62%) which means that education about malnutrition using the PowerPoint method in educating citizens can be said to be quite effective. The comparison between the average pre-test results is 61.5 with the average post-test results, which is 86.3 there is an increase. Then the results show that the understanding of respondents has increased from before after being given education related to malnutrition on the prenatal causes of children with special needs. This research can increase the understanding of the Karyawangi of the village about malnutrition on the prenatal causes of children with special needs. Thus, malnutrition in someone who can be a prenatal factor causing children with special needs can be overcome early on.
Sustaining Students’ Mental Health Through the Use of Tiktok Application
Authors: Gajo Alron Godrian E. , Gaisen Edrel Mark P. , Lino Franz Von King R. , Edaṅo Lilibeth B. , Jr Vivencio L. Calixtro
Published: May 2023

The relationship between social media use and an increase in mental health problems has long been established. Since the TikTok application became the most widely used app in 2019 has been an issue with the students. This study was conducted primarily to assess students’ mental health through the use of the TikTok application. Quantitative data were collected from randomly selected college students within the Province of Sultan Kudarat who are using the TikTok application for almost a year regardless of gender with a total number of thirty (30), coming from different tertiary schools in Region XII.  Adapted test items in the survey questionnaire were made from Google forms and were disseminated online through messenger and Google mails, considering the Covid 19 pandemic. Descriptive analysis showed a positive impact between the level of engagement in terms of frequency of use, duration of use and the students’ use of TikTok application, the level of effects of the abovementioned application in students’ mental health; the level of students’ management of mental health in terms of academic stress, family crisis and peer pressure. Conclusion of these findings indicated that the use of TikTok application can raise awareness about the importance of using the said application with moderation and can help implement early interventions and prevention for the symptoms of any mental health issues associated with the identified common factors namely academic stress, family crisis, and peer pressure.
Organization of Extracurricular Physical Education at School and Its Role in the Physical and Mental Improvement of Students
Authors: Saodat Orzukulova
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this article is to examine the role of school-based extracurricular initiatives in facilitating immediate and long-term positive impacts on physical activity, healthy behavior, and obesity in children. A critique of the role of various sports-related initiatives that have been developed to address the obesity epidemic currently facing children within the United States is provided, with a specific emphasis on intramural sports as a preferred mechanism to encourage long-term involvement in sport and physically active pursuits. The article presents support for the notion that a physical education curriculum that includes intramurals before, during, and after school can help children learn the skills to enjoy participation in a variety of sports designed to facilitate lifelong active living.
Early Reading Difficulties : A Phenomena in Reading Problems
Authors: Bahrudin Bahrudin , Taboer Mohammad Arif , Sunardi Sunardi , Rochyadi Endang
Published: May 2023

Reading Difficulties in one of challenging which faced by student in elementary school in Indonesia. This research purpose to find variety of challenging by student in early reading. 31 students with early reading problems who comes from 7 elementary school is use as respondent. Data collection is use by informal early reading test which validation with expert in special education needs and Bahasa Indonesia. Finding of this research is almost students with reading problems can read the letters, both vowel and consonant. They have problems in blending between letters become syllable and word.
Development of Deaf Students Batik Skills
Authors: Rosnadia Megarani , Huda Abdul , Junaidi Ahsan Romadlon
Published: May 2023

Deaf is someone who has a hearing loss, which causes hearing impairment to experience limitations in language, communication, and capturing information. With all the limitations experienced and the potential it has, the deaf child needs to be equipped with life skills and one of them is the skill of making batik. Research Objectives to: 1) describe the process of planning a batik skills training program; 2) describe the strategy of implementing batik skills coaching, and 3) describe the evaluation methods for developing batik skills of deaf students in Blitar City. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of case study research. The study was conducted at SLB in Blitar City. Data was collected through interviews and observations, and analyzed using content analysis. The results of this study indicate that: The process of planning a batik skills training program is held in a meeting that discusses the identification of field needs and formulating learning objectives which are then compiled in a lesson plan that is aligned with K13; The strategy of developing batik skills in collaboration with batik artisans in Pakunden, the Wali Murid Circle of Friends, and the implementation of classes; The results of the work of developing batik skills are evaluated through the provision of appreciation in the form of participation in bazaars, exhibitions, competitions and also used as a uniform as a school identity. In this way, the interests of deaf children develop their skills.