bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Golgi stress mediates redox imbalance and ferroptosis in human cells
Authors: Alborzinia Hamed , Ignashkova Tatiana I. , Dejure Francesca R. , Gendarme Mathieu , Theobald Jannick , Wölfl Stefan , Lindemann Ralph K. , Reiling Jan H.
Published: November 2018

Cytotoxic activities of several Golgi-dispersing compounds including AMF-26/M-COPA, brefeldin A and golgicide A have previously been shown to induce autophagy or apoptosis. Here, we demonstrate that these Golgi disruptors also trigger ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent oxidative degradation of lipids. Inhibitors of ferroptosis not only counteract cell death, but they also protect from Golgi dispersal and inhibition of protein secretion in response to several Golgi stress agents. Furthermore, the application of sublethal doses of ferroptosis-inducers such as erastin and sorafenib, low cystine growth conditions, or genetic knockdown of SLC7A11 and GPX4 all similarly protect cells from Golgi stress and lead to modulation of ACSL4, SLC7A5, SLC7A11 or GPX4 levels. Collectively, this study suggests a previously unrecognized function of the Golgi apparatus, which involves cellular redox control and prevents ferroptotic cell death.
RollFISH achieves robust quantification of single-molecule RNA biomarkers in paraffin-embedded tumor tissue samples
Authors: Wu Chenglin , Simonetti Michele , Rossell Carla , Mignardi Marco , Mirzazadeh Reza , Annaratone Laura , Marchiò Caterina , Sapino Anna , Bienko Magda , Crosetto Nicola , Nilsson Mats
Published: November 2018

Single-molecule RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (smFISH) represents a promising approach to quantify the expression of clinically useful biomarkers in tumor samples. However, routine application of smFISH to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples is challenging due to the low signal intensity and high background noise. Here we present RollFISH, a method combining the specificity of smFISH with the signal boosting of rolling circle amplification. We apply RollFISH to quantify widely used breast cancer biomarkers in cell lines and FFPE samples. Thanks to the high signal-to-noise ratio, we can visualize selected biomarkers at low magnification (20 × ) across entire tissue sections, and thus assess their spatial heterogeneity. Lastly, we apply RollFISH to quantify HER2 mRNA in 150 samples on a single tissue microarray, achieving a sensitivity and specificity of detection of HER2-positive samples of ~90%. RollFISH is a robust method for quantifying the expression and intratumor heterogeneity of biomarkers in FFPE tissues.
A tunable lanthanide cubane platform incorporating air-stable radical ligands for enhanced magnetic communication
Authors: Brunet Gabriel , Hamwi Milad , Lemes Maykon A. , Gabidullin Bulat , Murugesu Muralee
Published: November 2018

The unique properties of polynuclear cluster-aggregates have long been staples in the molecular magnetism community. The initial success observed in high nuclearity transition metal complexes for generating exciting magnetic behaviors however, has not yet fully been extended to lanthanide-based clusters. This is in part due to the challenges related to promoting non-negligible magnetic interactions between two lanthanide ions. One promising route towards improving magnetic communication involves the incorporation of radical species. Here, we describe the preparation of tetranuclear [Dy4(μ3-OH)4]8+ core structures that allow the incorporation of air-stable radical ligands. This combination paves the way for magnetically relevant lanthanide cubane cluster-aggregates capable of strong magnetic communication and improved spin-reversal barriers. Moreover, we show that the addition of electron donating groups lead to non-negligible antiferromagnetic coupling between the DyIII centers and the BPyTz•− ligands, while also simultaneously improving the slow magnetic relaxation dynamics in the absence of an applied field.
Rational design of a boron-dipyrromethene-based fluorescent probe for detecting Pd2+ sensitively and selectively in aqueous media
Authors: Li Yannan , Yang Li , Du Mengqi , Chang Guanjun
Published: November 2018

A novel fluorescent probe for Pd2+ based on the BODIPY fluorophore exploiting the PET (Photoinduced Electron Transfer) mechanism was designed and successfully synthesized.
Direct growth of ordered PdCu and Co doped PdCu nanoparticles on graphene oxide based on a one-step hydrothermal method for ultrasensitive sensing of H2O2 in living cells
Authors: Bai Wu-Shuang , Zhang Xin-Jin , Zheng Jian-Bin
Published: November 2018

An electrochemical sensor based on ordered Co–PdCu/GO nanocomposites was used for ultrasensitive sensing of H2O2 in living cells successfully.
A novel dual response ratiometric fluorescent probe for the determination of H2O2 and glucose via etching of silver nanoparticles
Authors: Lu Hongzhi , Yu Chunwei , Quan Shuai , Xu Shoufang
Published: November 2018

Based on the inner filter effect and charge transfer, a dual response ratiometric fluorescence assay for sensing H2O2 and glucose was proposed based on etching of Ag NPs.
Hydrophilic azaspiroalkenes as robust bioorthogonal reporters
Authors: An Peng , Wu Hsuan-Yi , Lewandowski Tracey M. , Lin Qing
Published: November 2018

Highly strained hydrophilic bioorthogonal reporters, azaspiro[2.3]hex-1-ene and azaspiro[2.4]hept-1-ene, were synthesized and characterized.
Efficient photon upconversion at remarkably low annihilator concentrations in a liquid polymer matrix: when less is more
Authors: Durandin Nikita A. , Isokuortti Jussi , Efimov Alexander , Vuorimaa-Laukkanen Elina , Tkachenko Nikolai V. , Laaksonen Timo
Published: November 2018

A triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion of 24.5% was achieved at a remarkably low 600 μM annihilator concentration in a viscous polymer matrix.
Diagnosis of penicillin allergy: a MOFs-based composite hydrogel for detecting β-lactamase in serum
Authors: Lian Xiao , Yan Bing
Published: November 2018

A MOFs-based composite hydrogel 1@SA is presented for the diagnosis of penicillin anaphylaxis. This composite hydrogel reflects the enzymatic hydrolysis profiles of penicillin via β-lactamase. The determination of β-lactamase by this hydrogel was achieved through an “ON–OFF–OFF–ON” fluorescence trigger pattern. The potency of 1@SA was further demonstrated for its selectivity, sensitivity and convenient visual detection.
Facile synthesis of colloidal photoluminescent BiPO4:Ln (Eu,Tb) nanoparticles well-dispersed in polar solvents
Authors: Huang Maozhan , Xu Zhou , Hou Cheng , Jia Hai-lang , Sun Jianhua , Guan Mingyun
Published: November 2018

Colloidal photoluminescence BiPO4:Ln (Eu,Tb) nanoparticles well-dispersed in polar solvents have been prepared, which exhibit organic-red and green colours under UV irradiation.
Reduced graphene–tungsten trioxide-based hybrid materials with peroxidase-like activity
Authors: Dong Chenbo , Wagner Alixandra , Dinca Valentina , Dinu Cerasela Zoica
Published: November 2018

Hybrid material with enzyme-like function.
Photoluminescence enhancement of monolayer MoS2 using plasmonic gallium nanoparticles
Authors: Catalán-Gómez Sergio , Garg Sourav , Redondo-Cubero Andrés , Gordillo Nuria , de Andrés Alicia , Nucciarelli Flavio , Kim Seonsing , Kung Patrick , Pau Jose Luis
Published: November 2018

2D monolayer molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) has been the focus of intense research due to its direct bandgap compared with the indirect bandgap of its bulk counterpart; however its photoluminescence (PL) intensity is limited due to its low absorption efficiency.
High refractive index in low metal content nanoplasmonic surfaces from self-assembled block copolymer thin films
Authors: Alvarez-Fernandez Alberto , Aissou Karim , Pécastaings Gilles , Hadziioannou Georges , Fleury Guillaume , Ponsinet Virginie
Published: November 2018

Block copolymer-templated gold nanostructured surfaces of high refractive index due to controlled plasmonic nanoparticle shape.
Kinetics of manganese leaching from an iron-rich manganese dioxide ore with bagasse pith as a reductant
Authors: Gan Jiaqiao , Cui Jingxian , Li Xueping , Muhammad Yaseen , Wang Yuhong , Su Haifeng
Published: November 2018

Bagasse pith as a reductant is used for manganese leaching from an iron-rich manganese dioxide ore with leaching efficiency of 97%.
Direct and highly stereoselective synthesis of quinolizidine iminosugars promoted byl-proline-Et3N
Authors: Yuan Wen , Pan Yang , Zhang Xiaoke , Liang Peng , Zhang Jichao , Jiao Wei , Shao Huawu
Published: November 2018

A mild and effective method for the synthesis of polyhydroxylated quinolizidine iminosugars is described.
Understanding the mechanism and stereoselectivity of NHC-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 3-bromoenals and isatin N-Boc ketimines
Authors: Li Yan , Zhang Zhiqiang , Liang Changhai
Published: November 2018

The detailed mechanism and stereoselectivity of NHC-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation between 3-bromoenals and isatin N-Boc ketimines have been investigated using a DFT method.
MiR-873-5p regulated LPS-induced oxidative stress via targeting heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in KGN cells
Authors: Zhang Hui , Gao Zhengnan , Zhang Yanjie , Wang Huihui , Li Yongfeng
Published: November 2018

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women.
Solution-processed amorphous ZrO2 gate dielectric films synthesized by a non-hydrolytic sol–gel route
Authors: Seon Jong-Baek , Cho Nam-Kwang , Yoo Gayeong , Kim Youn Sang , Char Kookheon
Published: November 2018

Solution-processed amorphous zirconium oxide (ZrO2) dielectrics were formed via a non-hydrolytic sol–gel route at low-temperature. The ZrO2 films exhibited a high dielectric constant and high mobility p-type pentacene TFTs were fabricated using them.
Clear distinction between CAC and CMC revealed by high-resolution NMR diffusometry for a series of bis-imidazolium gemini surfactants in aqueous solutions
Authors: Szutkowski Kosma , Kołodziejska Żaneta , Pietralik Zuzanna , Zhukov Igor , Skrzypczak Andrzej , Materna Katarzyna , Kozak Maciej
Published: November 2018

The aggregation behavior in the transition region was studied for a series of dicationic surfactants 3,3′-[α,ω-(dioxaalkane)]bis(1-dodecylimidazolium)dichlorides with varied spacer length from two to twelve carbon atoms.
Aggregation prevention: reduction of graphene oxide in mixed medium of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (7) ether and 2-methoxyethanol
Authors: Su Heng , Zhang Chaocan , Li Xi , Wu Lili , Chen Yanjun
Published: November 2018

Graphene oxide reduced in pure water and a novel mixed medium of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (7) ether and 2-methoxyethanol.
Effect of low-temperature plasma treatment of electrospun polycaprolactone fibrous scaffolds on calcium carbonate mineralisation
Authors: Ivanova Anna A. , Syromotina Dina S. , Shkarina Svetlana N. , Shkarin Roman , Cecilia Angelica , Weinhardt Venera , Baumbach Tilo , Saveleva Mariia S. , Gorin Dmitry A. , Douglas Timothy E. L. , Parakhonskiy Bogdan V. , Skirtach Andre G. , Cools Pieter , De Geyter Nathalie , Morent Rino , Oehr C. , Surmeneva Maria A. , Surmenev Roman A.
Published: November 2018

This article reports on a study of the mineralisation behaviour of CaCO3deposited on electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds preliminarily treated with low-temperature plasma.
A versatile strategy for the synthesis of sequence-defined peptoids with side-chain and backbone diversity via amino acid building blocks
Authors: Wang Shixue , Tao Yue , Wang Jianqun , Tao Youhua , Wang Xianhong
Published: November 2018

De novo design and synthesis of sequence-defined peptoids via amino acid building blocks is reported.
Enabling single qubit addressability in a molecular semiconductor comprising gold-supported organic radicals
Authors: McGuire Jake , Miras Haralampos N. , Richards Emma , Sproules Stephen
Published: November 2018

An organic radical attached to gold represents an electrically addressable prototype electron spin qubit with an impressively long coherence lifetime.
Superhydrophobic and superelastic conductive rubber composite for wearable strain sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity and excellent anti-corrosion property
Authors: Wang Ling , Wang Hao , Huang Xue-Wu , Song Xin , Hu Mingjun , Tang Longcheng , Xue Huaiguo , Gao Jiefeng
Published: November 2018

A superhydrophobic and superelastic rubber composite is prepared for strain sensors possessing ultrahigh sensitivity and excellent anti-corrosion properties.
Na3V2(PO4)2F3–SWCNT: a high voltage cathode for non-aqueous and aqueous sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Shuang , Wang Liubin , Liu Jian , Zhou Meng , Nian Qingshun , Feng Yazhi , Tao Zhanliang , Shao Lianyi
Published: November 2018

Due to the merits of low cost, safety, environmental friendliness, and abundant sodium reserves, non-aqueous and aqueous sodium-ion batteries are wonderful alternatives for large-scale energy storage.
Two-dimensional Sb@TiO2−x nanoplates as a high-performance anode material for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Pengxin , Guo Xin , Wang Shijian , Zang Rui , Li Xuemei , Man Zengming , Li Peng , Liu Shuaishuai , Wu Yuhan , Wang Guoxiu
Published: November 2018

Two-dimensional Sb@TiO2−x nanoplates with abundant voids deliver high reversible capacity, excellent rate capability and stable cycling performance.
13 mW operation of a 295–310 nm AlGaN UV-B LED with a p-AlGaN transparent contact layer for real world applications
Authors: Khan M. Ajmal , Maeda Noritoshi , Jo Masafumi , Akamatsu Yuki , Tanabe Ryohei , Yamada Yoichi , Hirayama Hideki
Published: November 2018

Smart, high-power ultraviolet (UV)-B light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are demanded for real world applications, including vitamin D3 production in human skin (295–304 nm), immunotherapy (310 nm) and enriching phytochemicals in plants (310 nm).
Prospects of colour selective organic photodiodes
Authors: Yoon Seongwon , Sim Kyu Min , Chung Dae Sung
Published: November 2018

A summary of color selective organic photodiodes in accordance with various color selection mechanisms is presented.
Layer-dependent photoresponse of 2D MoS2 films prepared by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Jiao Lei , Jie Wenjing , Yang Zhibin , Wang Yuehui , Chen Zhengwei , Zhang Xiao , Tang Weihua , Wu Zhenping , Hao Jianhua
Published: November 2018

Due to the layered structure and thickness-dependent bandgap of MoS2, it is intriguing to investigate the layer-dependent performance of MoS2 based photodetectors.
Structural enzymology reveals the molecular basis of substrate regiospecificity and processivity of an exemplar bacterial glycoside hydrolase family 74 endo-xyloglucanase
Authors: Arnal Gregory , Stogios Peter J. , Asohan Jathavan , Skarina Tatiana , Savchenko Alexei , Brumer Harry
Published: November 2018

Paenibacillus odorifer produces a single multimodular enzyme containing a glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 74 module (AIQ73809). Recombinant production and characterization of the GH74 module (PoGH74cat) revealed a highly specific, processive endo-xyloglucanase that can hydrolyze the polysaccharide backbone at both branched and unbranched positions. X-ray crystal structures obtained for the free enzyme and oligosaccharide complexes evidenced an extensive hydrophobic binding platform — the first in GH74 extending from subsites −4 to +6 — and unique mobile active-site loops. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that glycine-476 was uniquely responsible for the promiscuous backbone-cleaving activity of PoGH74cat; replacement with tyrosine, which is conserved in many GH74 members, resulted in exclusive hydrolysis at unbranched glucose units. Likewise, systematic replacement of the hydrophobic platform residues constituting the positive subsites indicated their relative contributions to the processive mode of action. Specifically, W347 (+3 subsite) and W348 (+5 subsite) are essential for processivity, while W406 (+2 subsite) and Y372 (+6 subsite) are not strictly essential, but aid processivity.
Total flavonoids extracted from Nervilia Fordii function in polycystic ovary syndrome through IL-6 mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhou Yanyuan , Lv Liang , Liu Qinghua , Song Jiale
Published: November 2018

Large doses of flavonoids could cure many diseases with no serious side effects. However, the role of flavonoids in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has not been reported. Therefore, total flavonoids extracted from Nervilia Fordii were selected to explore its therapeutic efficiency in PCOS. PCOS rat model was constructed to explore the role of total flavonoids in the treatment of PCOS. ELISA was used to assess the changes of ovulation function under the treatment of total flavonoids with or without exogenous interleukin-6 (IL-6). Western blot, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were carried out to assess the related molecular mechanisms. We explored that total flavonoids obviously increased the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and sharply decreased the serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T) and insulin (INS) in the PCOS-IR rats via partly inhibiting the activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway, partially up-regulating the IL-6 expression and partially down-regulating the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression in ovaries of PCOS rats. The effect of total flavonoids on estrous cycles, serum levels of FSH, LH, T and INS were partially attenuated by IL-6 in PCOS rat model. Moreover, IL-6 significantly reversed the effect of total flavonoids on the phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3, the expression of IL-6 and SOCS3 in ovaries of PCOS rats. Total flavonoids extracted from Nervilia Fordii might induce the expression of IL-6 in ovary and act as a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of PCOS.
Approaches to understanding the ecology and evolution of understudied terrestrial archaeal ammonia-oxidisers
Authors: Gubry-Rangin Cécile , Williams William , Prosser James I.
Published: November 2018

Ammonia-oxidising archaea (AOA) form a phylogenetic group within the phylum Thaumarchaeota and are of ecological significance due to their role in nitrification, an important biogeochemical process. Previous research has provided information on their ecosystem role and potential physiological characteristics, for example, through analyses of their environmental distribution, ecological adaptation and evolutionary history. However, most AOA diversity, assessed using several environmental marker genes, is not represented in laboratory cultures, with consequent gaps in knowledge of their physiology and evolution. The present study critically reviews existing and developing approaches for the assessment of AOA function and diversity and their potential to provide a deeper understanding of these ecologically important, but understudied microorganisms.
The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG
Authors: Barbato D. , Sozzetti A. , Biazzo K. , Malavolta L. , Santos N. C. , Damasso M. , Lanza A. F. , Pinamonti M. , Affer L. , Benatti S. , Bignamini A. , Bonomo A. S. , Borsa F. , Carleo I. , Claudi R. , Cosentino R. , Covino E. , Desidera S. , Esposito M. , Giacobbe P. , González-Álvarez E. , Gratton R. , Harutyunyan A. , Leto G. , Maggio A. , Maldonado J. , Mancini L. , Masiero S. , Micela G. , Molinari E. , Nascimbeni V. , Pagano I. , Piotto G. , Poretti E. , Rainer M. , Scandariato G. , Smareglia R. , Colombo L. S. , Di Fabrizio L. , Faria J. P. , Martinez Fiorenzano A. , Molinaro M. , Pedani M.
Published: November 2018

Context. Statistical studies of exoplanets have shown that giant planets are more commonly hosted by metal-rich dwarf stars than low-metallicity stars, while no such correlation is evident for lower mass planets. The search for giant planets around metal-poor stars and the estimate of their occurrence fp is an important element in providing support to models of planet formation.

Aims. We present results from the HARPS-N search for giant planets orbiting metal-poor (− 1.0 ≤[Fe/H] ≤−0.5 dex) stars in the northern hemisphere, complementing a previous HARPS survey on southern stars in order to update the estimate of fp.

Methods. High-precision HARPS-N observations of 42 metal-poor stars were used to search for planetary signals to be fitted using differential evolution Markov chain Monte Carlo single-Keplerian models. We then joined our detections to the results of the previous HARPS survey on 88 metal-poor stars to provide a preliminary estimate of the two-hemisphere fp.

Results. We report the detection of two new giant planets around HD 220197 and HD 233832. The first companion has Msin i = 0.20−0.04+0.07 MJup and an orbital period of 1728−80+162 days, and for the second companion, we find two solutions of equal statistical weight with periods of 2058−40+47 and 4047−117+91 days and minimum masses of 1.78−0.06+0.08 and 2.72−0.23+0.23 MJup, respectively. Joining our two detections with the three from the southern survey, we obtain a preliminary and conservative estimate of the global frequency of fp = 3.84 −1.06+2.45% for giant planets around metal-poor stars.

Conclusions. The two new giant planets orbit dwarf stars at the metal-rich end of the HARPS-N metal-poor sample. This corroborates previous results that suggested that giant planet frequency is still a rising function of the host star [Fe/H]. We also note that all detections in the overall sample are giant long-period planets.
Accurate tracer particles of baryon dynamics in the adaptive mesh refinement code Ramses
Authors: Cadiou Corentin , Dubois Yohan , Pichon Christophe
Published: November 2018

We present a new implementation of the tracer particles algorithm based on a Monte Carlo approach for the Eulerian adaptive mesh refinement code RAMSES. The purpose of tracer particles is to keep track of where fluid elements originate in Eulerian mesh codes, so as to follow their Lagrangian trajectories and re-processing history. We provide a comparison to the more commonly used velocity-based tracer particles, and show that the Monte Carlo approach reproduces the gas distribution much more accurately. We present a detailed statistical analysis of the properties of the distribution of tracer particles in the gas and report that it follows a Poisson law. We extend these Monte Carlo gas tracer particles to tracer particles for the stars and black holes, so that they can exchange mass back and forth between themselves. With such a scheme, we can follow the full cycle of baryons, that is, from gas-forming stars to the release of mass back to the surrounding gas multiple times, or accretion of gas onto black holes. The overall impact on computation time is ∼3% per tracer per initial cell. As a proof of concept, we study an astrophysical science case – the dual accretion modes of galaxies at high redshifts –, which highlights how the scheme yields information hitherto unavailable. These tracer particles will allow us to study complex astrophysical systems where both efficiency of shock-capturing Godunov schemes and a Lagrangian follow-up of the fluid are required simultaneously.
Challenging low Reynolds - SWT blade aerodynamics
Authors: Kądrowski Damian , Kulak Michał , Lipian Michał , Stępień Małgorzata , Baszczyński Piotr , Zawadzki Karol , Karczewski Maciej
Published: November 2018

One of the main issues related to the design and development of small wind turbines (SWTs) is the low Reynolds number. Operation in the transitory regime makes the rotor aerodynamic analysis a challenging task. Project GUST (Generative Urban Small Turbine) realized currently at the Institute of Turbomachinery (Lodz University of Technology, Poland) is devoted to the development of SWT (D= 1.6 m) for low-Reynolds number (low wind speed) flow conditions. The emphasis is on the blade design, aiming at improving the rotor aerodynamic efficiency. The paper will highlight the rotor design process, based on contemporary methods of experiment-simulation integration approach and use of rapid manufacturing techniques. In-house wind tunnel measurements of a scaled model performance were executed. A numerical analysis using dedicated software (QBlade) was conducted in parallel. A comparison between the obtained results indicated that the chosen numerical tools are capable of providing a reliable output, even in complex, transitional flow conditions. Bearing in mind the above observations, QBlade was incorporated into the development process of a completely new blade geometry which would increase rotor performance. The selected design has indeed prove to show better power outcome in an additional experimental campaign.
An approach for choosing the optimal route and type of transport for freight carriage using Compromise programming
Authors: Stoilova Svetla
Published: November 2018

This study elaborates a methodology for choosing a transport strategy based on the selection of the optimal route and type of transport. The research examines carriage by containers and includes two ways of transportation: by container block trains and by trucks. The methodology consists of three steps. The first step defines the determination of alternatives routes and criteria for assessment. Eight criteria have been studied: environmental protection; economic criteria; additional transportation fare; the duration of transportation; transhipment operations; security; reliability; stability. In the second step three approaches have been used and compared to determine the weights of the criteria: the Shannon entropy method, which is based on information from data, expert assessments by means of the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method. The third step determines the optimal solution based on the Compromise programming method. The methodology is approbated for routes from the railway and road network of Bulgaria. The results show that the criteria with the greatest impact are: the economic criteria; the duration of transportation and environmental protection. It was found out that the technologies that include rail transport are the best variant of transportation. The presented methodology could be used for choosing transportation for other destinations in the transport network.
All-endoscopic management of benign bone lesions; a case series of 26 cases with minimum of 2 years follow-up
Authors: Farouk Hazem A. , Saladin Mostafa , Senna Wessam Abu , Ebeid Walid
Published: November 2018

Purpose: Assessment of the functional and oncologic outcomes regarding endoscopic curettage of different benign bone tumor types within variable anatomic locations.

Patients and methods: During the period between February 2012 and December 2016, 26 patients with symptomatic intra-osseous benign bony lesions were included. The age ranged from 3 up to 49 years (mean 20), of 14 females and 12 males. The follow-up duration ranged from 26 up to 58 months (mean 41). Functional scoring was done according to the Revised Musculoskeletal Tumour Society Rating Scale. Anatomic locations of the lesions included: 6 cases in the proximal tibia, 6 cases in the distal femur, 4 cases in the calcaneus, 3 cases in the proximal humerus, 3 cases in the distal tibia, 2 cases in the talus, 1 case in the proximal femur, and 1 case in the distal fibula. The procedure used 4 mm 30° scope for endoscopy, and high speed burrs 3.5–5 mm for extended curettage. Autogenous bone grafting was done in 5 cases, and adjuvant material (polymethylmethacrylate) was needed in 7 cases.

Results: After exclusion of one case that was lost in the follow-up, the remaining 25 cases showed full functional recovery at a period of 8–12 weeks, and improved mean functional scores from 20.2 to 28.6/30 post-operatively, withpvalue <0.001 which was considered as a statistically significant result. The oncologic outcome showed 24 cases with adequate healing, while 1 case developed recurrence (aneurysmal bone cyst in the proximal tibia) for which, an open revision surgery was performed. Intra-operative fracture occurred in another case with aneurysmal bone cyst of the proximal femur, which was fixed by flexible nails with complete healing.

Conclusion: Endoscopic curettage of different types of intra-osseous benign bony lesions proved to be an effective treatment modality with promising oncologic outcome, improved functional scores, and fast functional recovery.
When do patients drive after minimally invasive anterior hip replacements? A single surgeon experience of 212 hip arthroplasties
Authors: Batra Ashish , Gogos Sophia , Nizam Ikram
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Patients desire to return to normal activities soon after hip arthroplasty, with driving often being an integral component. We aimed to determine when patients resumed driving following a minimally invasive anterior bikini hip replacement and when they returned to work.

Methodology: All consecutive patients undergoing elective primary bikini hip replacements between January 2017 and April 2018 were included in the study. Patients who did not drive were excluded. A detailed questionnaire was sent to patients 3–6 weeks after surgery to record their driving status. Fifty patients were randomly selected to assess flexion at the hip, knee and ankle joints while seated in the driver's seat of their own vehicle.

Results: Altogether 212 anterior bikini total hip replacements (L = 102, R = 108 and 1 bilateral one stage) were performed in 198 patients (F = 129 and M = 69) with a mean age of 69 years. A total of 76% patients returned to driving within the first 3 weeks after surgery, of which 25 (14%) resumed driving within the first post-operative week, 71 (39%) in the second week and 42 (23%) in the third week. Among them, 98.4% stated they were confident when they first started driving and 90.66% stated they were more comfortable driving after surgery than before. Employed patients returned to work within 1–79 days (mean = 24 days).

Conclusion: Surgeons may allow patients to resume driving within 1 week after anterior hip replacement and return to work within 3 weeks if they are medically fit and deemed safe.
Oxidative β-Halogenation of Alcohols: A Concise and Diastereoselective Approach to Halohydrins
Authors: Ai Lingsheng , Wang Weijin , Wei Jialiang , Li Qing , Song Song , Jiao Ning
Published: November 2018

β-Halohydrins bearing transformable halo- and hydroxyl groups, are easily converted into various valuable blocks in organic and pharmaceutical synthesis. A diastereoselective β-halogenation of benzylic alcohols was achieved under simple and low-cost conditions, which provided a direct synthesis of β-halohydrins. The simple reaction conditions, easily available reagents, high diastereoselectivities, and additional oxidant-free make this reaction very attractive and practical.
Natural sweeteners
Authors: Balachandran Karthik
Published: November 2018

The artificial sweeteners,though marketed as zero calorie food additives, have been found to have several health hazards. Ironically they seem to worsen the metabolic syndrome - the very same disease they are supposed to treat. Natural sweeteners are an alternative to the artificial sweeteners and can be particularly helpful in patients who are newly diagnosed with diabetes. They help in transitioning the patient to a healthier life style. This narrative review, discusses the evidence for and against the use of natural sweeteners in the context of diabetes.
Stress and its effect on noncommunicable disease: An insight
Authors: Ghosh Sankhadeep , Verma Komal
Published: November 2018

Stressors are an evident part of any individuals life and affects a lot of aspects of any individual. While the young generation or healthy individuals cope with it easily and favorably, however, the older people or unhealthy individuals are affected more adversely in case the stressors are persistent for a long time. This paper deals with providing an insight of the effect of stress on noncommunicable diseases.
Glycemic impact of intensified self monitoring of blood glucose in insulin treated subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ugwu Ejiofor , Gezawa Ibrahim , Adeleye Olufunmilayo
Published: November 2018

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate if intensified self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) improves glycemic control in insulin-treated subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods:Ninety-six adults with stable but poorly controlled [glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level >7.5%] T2DM receiving twice-daily biphasic insulin were randomly assigned to either of the two groups: intensive monitors (IM) that performed SMBG at least twice daily or conventional monitors (CM) that performed SMBG at their discretionary frequency for 12 weeks. Demographic, clinical, and glycemic indices, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial glucose (PPG), and HbA1c, were compared at baseline and week 12.

Results:A total of 71 subjects (25 IM and 46 CM) completed the study. Both groups had similar HbA1c at baseline. From baseline to week 12, the IM group had higher mean daily test strip usage (P <0.001), engaged in more frequent insulin dose adjustments (P <0.001), and attained greater daily insulin dosage (P = 0.002). All glycemic indices including FBG, PPG, and HbA1c improved significantly from baseline to week 12 in the IM but not in the CM group. HbA1c level declined by −1.2 ±0.4% in the IM group (P = 0.002). There was no difference in the frequency of hypoglycemia in both groups. The monthly cost of intensified SMBG was nearly four times that of conventional monitoring (P <0.001).

Conclusion:Both short- and long-term glycemic control significantly improved by intensified SMBG in stable but poorly controlled insulin-treated adults with T2DM. Intensified SMBG enabled better self-titration of insulin and probably other self-care practices. This benefit, however, occurred at the expense of costs that may be difficult to sustain in resource-poor countries.
Post-treatment support for patients with haematological malignancies:findings from regional, rural and remote Queensland
Authors: McGrath Pam
Published: November 2018

Social support is a significant factor in the cancer patient's psychosocial wellbeing. This paper presents the findings ofrecent Queensland-based research that explored the experience of families returning home to the regional, rural andremote sector after a family member completed specialist treatment for a haematological malignancy and related blooddisorder in a major metropolitan centre.Family and friends are the key resource persons providing support. To a large degree, this is because of the absence ofalternative sources. Even support from health professionals can be problematic and for many the only source of supportis the specialist centre many hundreds of kilometres away. The primary response to developing supportive services needsto be through person to person contact either via telephone or newsletter. If targeted appropriately, there is alsoevidence that educational programs, support groups and volunteers would be an effective medium for providingsupport. Educating the local health professionals (GPs and nurses) about haematological conditions is a logicalextension of providing support to families.
Faith in the 'cultural fix': limits to a planned cultural change program in a rural health service
Authors: Mahony Kerry
Published: November 2018

This paper, by way of a narrative on the author's participation, explains the limits to a planned cultural changeprogram in a large rural health service. Cultural change was identified by the CEO as crucial to the success of a majorrestructuring of the service, and the attitudes and beliefs of the 'old guard' were considered to be constraining progress.Advocates of cultural integration contend that shared core values across an organisation can overcome such obstacles.This is a matter of faith. An application of Habermasian theory suggests that organisational leaders are drawing ontraditional/religious beliefs and practices to bolster their visions and missions at a time of motivational crisis.Though a need for cultural change in some sectors of the health services is acknowledged, the particular challenges inattempting to manipulate the traditionally embedded culture and sub-cultures of the health services is highlighted.An analysis of some of the ideas and beliefs surrounding authority, deference and discipline is undertaken. It is arguedthat the ritualistic reinforcement of these beliefs and the reproduction of sub-cultures along material and ideal interestsmilitate against the implementation of objectives delineated by the CEO.While cultural analysis has revealed the irrational face of organisations and can bring to conscious awareness the taken-for-granted beliefs which inform behaviour, the cultural integrationists have a further agenda. They aim tomanipulate organisational culture to subtly control employees' beliefs and hence behaviour. Cultural control is a covertform of top down authority that can be just as directive and centralising as bureaucratic control. The author alsomaintains that cultural change programs alone cannot fix a problem that arose in the macro-economic sphere: a chroniclack of resources ever since the state responded to the economic crisis by cutting funds to health and welfare services.
Entrenched health care practices and complex systems
Authors: Clinamen Collaborative The
Published: November 2018

I have been asked to write about entrenched
health care practices and why they make
change so difficult in the health field. In this
paper I would like to explore several aspects
of this issue in Canada, the United Kingdom
and Australia; examine some of its origins;
and look at how it manifests itself today and
what might be done about it. I have written
this short paper with others in the Clinamen
Collaborative who share the authorship with
me. Sholom Glouberman
Building health informatics skills for health professionals: results from the Australian Health Informatics Skill Needs Survey
Authors: Garde Sebastian , Harrison David , Huque Mohammed , Hovenga Evelyn JS
Published: November 2018

Objective: To ascertain health professionals? perceptions
of health informatics skills required in
their roles.
Design: A paper-based survey with a stratified
random sample of Australian health professionals
and a web-based survey open to all Australian
health professionals were conducted.
Measurement: A questionnaire on the health professionals?
perceived degree of competency
required for a total of 69 specific skills in five skill
categories based on the International Medical
Informatics Association?s (IMIA) set of recommendations
on education and IMIA?s scientific map.
Results: 462 health professionals responded to
the paper-based questionnaire, and 167 respondents
to the Internet questionnaire. Internet
respondents reported higher required degrees of
competency for specific health informatics and
information technology skills than paper respondents,
while paper respondents valued clinical skills
higher than the Internet respondents.
Conclusion: Health professionals increasingly
use information technology (IT), and some also
deploy, research or develop health care IT. Consequently,
they need to be adequately educated for
their specific roles in health informatics. Our results
inform developers of educational programs while
acknowledging the diversity of roles in health informatics
and the diversity of pathways towards a
professional health informatics qualification.
Diagnosis-based risk adjustment and Australian health system policy
Authors: Donato Ronald , Richardson Jeffrey
Published: November 2018

Diagnosis-based risk adjustment is increasingly
seen as an important tool for establishing capitation
payments and evaluating appropriateness and efficiency
of services provided and has become an
important area of research for many countries
contemplating health system reform.
This paper examines the application of a risk-adjustment
method, extensively validated in the United
States, known as diagnostic cost groups (DCG), to a
large Australian hospital inpatient data set.
The data set encompassed hospital inpatient diagnoses
and inpatient expenditure for the entire metropolitan
population residing in the state of New
South Wales. The DCG model was able to explain
34% of individual-level variation in concurrent
expenditure and 5.2% in subsequent year expenditure,
which is comparable to US studies using
inpatient-only data. The degree of stability and
internal consistency of the parameter estimates for
both the concurrent and prospective models indicate
the DCG methodology has face validity in its
application to NSW health data sets. Modelling and
simulations were conducted which demonstrate the
policy applications and significance of risk adjustment
model(s) in the Australian context.
This study demonstrates the feasibility of using large
individual-level data sets for diagnosis-based risk
adjustment research in Australia. The results suggest
that a research agenda should be established
to broaden the options for health system reform.
Possums: The Brushtails, Ringtails and Greater Glider. Anne Kerle. A Review by Joanne L Isaac.
Authors: Isaac JL
Published: November 2018

DESPITE their almost ubiquitous presence across
Australia, contemporary research on the biology,
ecology and conservation status of the so-called
'common' possums is scant and inadequate. The
majority of possum studies have been a result of the
huge research effort in New Zealand to control and
eradicate the common brushtail possum, a notorious
introduced pest, and have concentrated primarily
upon reproductive physiology. The conspicuous lack
of ecological data on the larger possums across their
native Australian range is particularly disturbing
since evidence suggests that a number of these
species are disappearing from large tracts of
Australia. However, Possums: the brushtails,
ringtails and greater glider, part of the Australian
Natural History Series, provides a long overdue
summary of up-to-date research on these familiar and
intriguing marsupials.
The effect of sex and time of year on the suite of semiochemicals secreted by the sternal gland of the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii: Marsupialia).
Authors: Zabaras R , Wyllie SG , Richardson BJ
Published: November 2018

Thirty-two different compounds were detected in the sternal gland secretion of M. eugenii
using GC and GC-MS following thermal desorption with cryofocusing. There were no major
qualitative differences between the secretions collected from males and females. Compounds
commonly present in the secretion included long-chain alkanes, C6-C10 aldehydes, the
monoterpene ether 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), fatty acids and acetic acid. There were no
significant differences in the relative proportions of compounds in males related to time of year,
unlike the situation in females where long-chain alkanes were major components of the
secretion in the early part of the year while C6-C10 aldehydes dominated in the second half of
the year. There was some evidence that the female secretion is affected by reproductive
condition, as treatment of females with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) then luteinising
hormone (LH) in June altered the sternal secretion towards that found earlier in the year.
Oestrus synchronisation and fixed time artificial insemination in beef heifers
Authors: Cavestany Daniel , Crespi Daniela , Fernandez Alvaro
Published: November 2018

To compare two oestrus synchronisation protocols in beef heifers presynchronised with two prostaglandin F2α (PG) treatments, 36 h after the second PG treatment one group (hCG-OB group; n = 112) received 250 IU of hCG and 0.5 mg of oestradiol benzoate (OB) followed by fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) 30 h later. Additional oestrus detection (OD) and artificial insemination (AI) was done in this group for 3 days after FTAI; heifers rebred during this period were considered open to the FTAI. The Control group (n = 112) received only OD and AI for 6 days after the second PG treatment. Follicular size was measured at the time of AI in a subsample of heifers (59 in the hCG-OB group and 34 in the Control group). Results were evaluated separately either considering heifers pregnant at FTAI or those pregnant at FTAI + 3-day OD + AI. The FTAI conception rate was 45.5 vs 76.5% for the Control group (P < 0.0001) and pregnancy rates were 45.5 and 67.0% (P = 0.0014); FTAI + OD + AI conception rates were 63.4 and 76.2% (P = 0.0404) and pregnancy rates 63.4 and 62.8% (P = 0.5719) (hCG-OB and Control groups, respectively). There was a significant correlation (r = 0.713, P < 0.01) between follicle size at FTAI and pregnancy in the hCG-OB group, but not in the Control group (r = 0.3465, P > 0.1). In conclusion, acceptable synchronised conception rate and pregnancy rate were obtained by using this protocol, and the results were improved by complementing it with OD + AI for 3 days after FTAI.
Relationships between rank-related behaviour, antler cycle timing and antler growth in deer: behavioural aspects
Authors: Bartoš L. , Bubenik G. A.
Published: November 2018

In this review we offer a synthesis of a 30-year-long investigation focussed on the relationship between dominance rank-related behaviour and the timing and growth of antlers in deer. Our studies related primarily to red and fallow deer. We present evidence to suggest that dominance-related behaviour in male deer is strong enough to influence both antler cycle timing and antler growth. In a study on captive red deer we observed that the males of higher rank cast their antlers first and also tended to shed the velvet earlier. In a subsequent series of studies on the same species we found evidence that social position and related agonistic activity of males during the period of antler growth influence antler size and branching.
Changes in behaviour related to rank modified antler growth. For example, fallow deer bucks gaining higher rank through fighting other bucks exhibited enhanced growth of that part of the antler that was growing at that particular time. That substantially altered the entire antler growth. Understanding the relationship between rank, agonistic behaviour and hormone levels is crucial for the interpretation of previous results that showed a link between dominance rank and antler growth in deer.