bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ML-based Models as a Strategy to Discover Novel Antiepileptic Drugs Targeting Sodium Receptor Channel
Authors: Andola Priyanka , Doble Mukesh
Published: October 2024

Background:

Epilepsy remains the most common and chronic disorder demanding longterm
management. The impact of epilepsy disease is a cause of great concern and has resulted in
efforts to develop treatment for epilepsy. It occurs due to an increase in neuronal excitability produced
by changes affecting the voltage-dependent properties of Voltage-gated Sodium Channels
(VGSCs).

Materials and Methods:

Weka, a popular suite for machine learning techniques, was used on a
dataset comprising 1781 chemical compounds, showing inhibition activity for sodium channel protein
IX alpha subunit. After the analysis of the dataset obtained from ChEMBL, molecular fingerprints
were computed for the molecules by the ChemDes server. Different classifiers available in
the Weka software were explored to find out the algorithm that could be more suitable for the dataset
or produce the highest accuracy for the classification of molecules as active or inactive.

Results:

In this work, a comprehensive comparison of different classifiers in the Weka suite for the
prediction of active, inactive, and intermediate classes of molecules showing inhibition against
human NaV1.7 protein was made. The prediction accuracy of these classifiers was assessed based
on performance measures, including accuracy, Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Receiver Operating
Characteristic (ROC), precision, Mathews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), recall, and Fmeasure.
The comparison of results for model performance demonstrated that the OneR classifier
performed best over others when validated using percentage split, cross-validation, and supplied
test methods. J48 and Bagging also performed equally well in the prediction of different classes
with an MCC value of 1, ROC area equal to 1, and RMSE close to 0.

Conclusion:

Machine Learning (ML) tools provide a fast, reliable, and cost-effective approach
required to identify or predict inhibitory molecules for the treatment of a disease. This study shows
that the ML methods, particularly OneR, J48, and Bagging have the ability to identify active and
inactive classes of compounds for the human NaV1.7 protein target. Such predictive models may
provide a reliable and time-saving approach that can aid in the design of potential inhibitors for the
treatment of epilepsy disease.
The Mesoionic 1,3,4-thiadiazolium Derivative, MI-D, is a Potential Drug for Treating Glioblastoma by Impairing Mitochondrial Functions Linked to Energy Provision in Glioma Cells
Authors: Corrêa-Ferreira Marília Locatelli , do Rocio Andrade Pires Amanda , Miranda Juan Vitor , de Freitas Montin Eduardo , Barbosa Igor Resendes , Lima Aurea Echevarria Aznar Neves , Rocha Maria Eliane Merlin , Martinez Glaucia Regina , Cadena Sílvia Maria Suter Correia
Published: October 2024

Background:

Mesoionic compound MI-D possesses important biological activities, such as antiinflammatory
and antitumoral against melanoma and hepatocarcinoma. Glioblastoma is the most aggressive and
common central nervous system tumor in adults. Currently, chemotherapies are not entirely effective, and the
survival of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma is extremely short.

Objective:

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of MI-D in noninvasive A172 glioblastoma cells
and establish which changes in functions linked to energy provision are associated with this effect.

Methods:

Cells A172 were cultured under glycolysis and phosphorylation oxidative conditions and evaluated:
viability by the MTT method, oxygen consumption by high-resolution respirometry, levels of pyruvate, lactate,
citrate, and ATP, and glutaminase and citrate synthase activities by spectrophotometric methods.

Results:

Under glycolysis-dependent conditions, MI-D caused significant cytotoxic effects with impaired cell
respiration, reducing the maximal capacity of the electron transport chain. However, A172 cells were more susceptible
to MI-D effects under oxidative phosphorylation-dependent conditions. At the IC25, inhibition of basal
and maximal respiration of A172 cells was observed, without stimulation of the glycolytic pathway or Krebs
cycle, along with inhibition of the activity of glutaminase enzyme, resulting in a 30% ATP deficit. Additionally,
independent of metabolic conditions, MI-D treatment induced cell death in A172 cells by apoptosis machinery/
processes.

Conclusion:

The impairment of mitochondrial respiration by MI-D under the condition sustained by oxidative
phosphorylation may enhance the cytotoxic effect on A172 glioma cells, although the mechanism of cell death
relies on apoptosis.
The Use of 3D Model Printing for Acute Planning in Oral and Maxillofacial Traumatology
Authors: Silva Joana de Ângelis Alves , Lago Carlos Augusto Pereira , Soares Pereira Rebeca Valeska , Furtado da Costa Mário César , Nascimento Martins Ketinlly Yasmyne , de Luna Campos Gustavo Jose , de Souza Andrade Emanuel Savio
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Due to the complex anatomy of craniomaxillofacial structures, facial reconstruction following high-impact traumas is extremely challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the use of biomodels in the surgical planning of complex fractures and the sequelae in the oromaxillofacial region.

Materials and Methods

This is a cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive, and quantitative documentary study. It was conducted at the “Dom Luiz Gonzaga Fernandes” Emergency and Trauma Hospital, in the hinterland of the state of Paraíba, in Brazil, based on cases recorded between November 2021 and November 2022. The research instrument utilized was a self-developed questionnaire.

Results

No statistically significant correlation was observed between the biomodel acquisition time and the length of hospitalization, with a Spearman's correlation coefficient of r = -0.079. Although the need for adjustment of osteosynthesis material was 50% in cases where acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) models were used, with p (1) = 0.464, in order to be significantly more faithful, it would require a study with a higher sample size. The average length of surgery, in minutes, was 91.25 ± 28.00. The average cost of the materials used to manufacture the biomodels, in Brazilian reais (R$), was R$122.00 ± R$89.09.

Conclusion

The use of biomodels in the surgical planning of complex fractures and oromaxillofacial sequelae did not increase the length of hospitalization. The material used for the prototype manufacture suggests a potential influence on its faithfulness. The length of surgery was shorter in interventions that utilized biomodels in the planning phase. It was also noted that the average cost of manufacture varies according to the type of material chosen and the quantity required.
Patients’ Perception of using Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Najla , Alnowailaty Yousef , Abed Hassan , Sharka Rayan , Alhilou Abdelrahman , Almarghlani Ammar
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (R&AI) are now playing a significant role in influencing the future of dentistry, owing to the fast advancements in technology. The use of AI in dentistry has already begun to enhance patient care and streamline operational efficiency. However, there has been limited research exploring how dental patients perceive the adoption of R&AI.

Objective

To assess and evaluate the knowledge, concerns, and perceptions of patients agreeing to undergo treatment in its variable forms and procedures under R&AI in order to gain insight into the public understanding of such advanced technologies.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted at the dental teaching hospital of King Abdul Aziz University in Saudi Arabia from July 2023 to December 2023. The subjects were dental patients from an open network and the public community in different segments, with an alternate group of ages. A digital questionnaire from Google Surveys was used. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA).

Results

This study evaluated the perceptions of 807 participants about R&AI dental treatment. The majority, 78.3%, n = 632, reported having already encountered the term AI in dentistry; however, they had never encountered any AI-based treatment (91.9%, n = 742) and remained uninterested in seizing the opportunity (52.8%, n = 381). Around one-third of them also perceived strong disagreement with the dental performance of robotics alone (39.2%, n = 316), even if it was offered at a reduced cost compared to normal treatment (30.7%, n = 248).

Conclusion

The study's findings reveal that patients' perceptions of R&AI-assisted dental procedures remain inconsistent. While the participants show a greater willingness to embrace the use of R&AI in dental operations, their overall level of trust in R&AI is only mediocre. Patients believe it is critical for a dentist to have control over the R&AI application and take full responsibility for dental care.
Bio-prospecting the Anti-oxidative and Radioprotective Role of Bioactive Pigment Isolated from Pontibacter indicus
Authors: Gadal Shivasharanappa Chandrappa , C. Rajendra Singh , KK Prakash , Mahadevan Gurumurthy Dummi , Rangaswamy B.E. , Betageri Virupaxappa S
Published: October 2024

Aim:

To evaluate the anti-oxidative and radioprotective role of Pontibacter indicus
SCG24 pigment during radiation exposure

Background:

Radiation-induced cytotoxicity is quite common during cancer therapy. There is a need
for naturally derived therapeutic molecules that can scavenge free radicals. They may act as substitutes
for synthetic molecules. Hence, there is a need for urgent evaluation of these potent compounds
before therapeutic application.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to examine the anti-oxidative and radioprotective role of P.
indicus SCG24 pigment, specifically to evaluate free radical scavenging X-ray irradiated HDF cells

Method:

A radiotoleraent pigment-producing P. indicus SCG24 was isolated from pharmaceutical
effluent. Chloroform was used as a primary solvent for pigment extraction. GCMS/MS analysed
initial pigment composition. Various In-vitro antioxidant assays were performed using ABTS,
FRAP, and DPPH assay. Flow cytometry was used to determine the rate of scavenging activity of
pigment in HDF cells.

Results:

The GCMS/MS profile of the chloroform extract revealed twenty-two compounds. Furthermore,
based on the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assay, the pigment was found to have significant
antioxidant properties. The flow cytometry results indicate that the pigment possesses radioprotectant
activity by neutralizing ROS species in HDF cells when exposed to X-ray radiation.

Conclusion:

These observations on P. indicus SCG24 pigment suggested that the pigment may have
potential therapeutic importance.
Performance Evaluation of mmWave Communication for Real-Time UAV-Base Station Links
Authors: Virk Sandeep SIngh , Chennupati Sumanth Kumar
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

In the context of modern communication networks, the increasing demand
for high data rates, minimal latency, and improved reliability—especially in scenarios involving
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)—calls for innovative solutions. Millimeter-wave (mmWave)
communication emerges as a fitting choice due to its capacity to offer ample bandwidth and high
data rates.

Methods:

This research paper presents a comprehensive study that compares the performance of
mmWave communication links across four different frequencies (6, 28, 60, and 120 GHz) for
UAV-to-Base Station (BS) communication. The investigation, conducted through simulations, adheres
to atmospheric conditions such as rain and fog, different environments (urban and rural) scenarios.
It evaluates the suitability of mmWave frequencies using critical performance metrics: latency,
received power, Bit Error Rate (BER) and Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR).
These metrics play a fundamental role in assessing communication link quality.

Results:

Our findings reveal that leveraging higher mmWave frequencies—specifically 60 and 120
GHz—significantly enhances UAV-to-BS communication performance. Compared to lower frequencies,
these higher bands exhibit reduced latency, higher data rates, and improved throughput.
Consequently, mmWave frequencies beyond 60 GHz prove well-suited for UAV communication,
facilitating efficient data exchange with minimal delay.

Conclusion:

Furthermore, the potential for reduced interference and enhanced reliability at these
elevated frequencies makes them particularly advantageous in applications requiring seamless connectivity.
Examples include UAV-assisted emergency response, surveillance, and remote sensing.
These insights hold substantial implications for the design and deployment of UAV communication
systems, highlighting mmWave technology’s transformative potential in the emerging era of aerial
communication.
A Review on Secure Outsourcing and Privacy-Preserving Traffic Monitoring in Fog-Enabled VANETs
Authors: Pacharla Nagaraju , K Srinivasa Reddy
Published: October 2024

New possibilities for fog-based vehicle monitoring have emerged with the expansion
of fog computing, but present privacy concerns provide a significant barrier that limits the
extent to which vehicles can participate. Because of its potential to improve road network security
and vehicle productivity, the field of Vehicle-based Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) is gaining
prominence. The security problems with VANETs, such as data confidentiality and message
access control are still need better solutions to provide better Quality of Service (QoS).
The effectiveness of VANET networks is diminished due to their instability problem. Vehicles
continually add requests to the Road Side Unit (RSU) queue whenever they want specific information.
For ever-evolving networks like VANETs, better routing is a continual process.
Fundamental problems arise in large-scale systems when centralized procedures are used to assign
jobs to the nodes along a route. The present centralized system for computing and safety
has many needs, including the protection of data storage, user authentication, access control,
system availability across multiple network connections, and the provision of a real-time data
flow overview. Distributed problem solving and work sharing between multiple agents can improve
the system's scalability. This paper provides a brief survey on the secured outsourcing
and privacy preservation-based traffic monitoring model with routing and task scheduling
models in Fog-enabled VANETS. This survey presents the limitations of the traditional models
that help the researchers design new solutions for secure outsourcing in VANETs.
Antibodies as Promising Molecules to Block Spike Glycoprotein from SARS-CoV2
Authors: Lima Ana B. , Gomes Isadora A. , Brito Daiane M. S. , de Andrade Claudia R. , Mesquita Felipe P. , de Oliveira Lais L. B. , de Moraes Maria E. A. , Montenegro Raquel C. , Souza Pedro F.N.
Published: October 2024

COVID-19 is caused by a new SARS-CoV-2 virus from the Coronaviridae family, responsible
for developing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV). Its emergence in 2019
presented several challenges to global health. The virus can infect host cells using the ACE2 receptor,
and after infection, several clinical manifestations appear, ranging from mild symptoms to death.
One approach that has shown promising results is convalescent plasma since convalescent plasma
(CP) consists of a concentrate of immunoglobulins in the blood of patients recently infected with the
coronavirus for those currently infected. Therefore, this therapy uses antibodies in the plasma to
neutralize the virus. This literature review aims to evaluate the efficacy of CP therapy in symptomatic
COVID-19 patients by analyzing clinical trials and studies published between 2020 and 2023.
Therefore, the search identified studies in which the majority reported the efficacy of using convalescent
plasma to treat and alleviate the clinical condition of patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
Important factors influence the efficacy of CP therapy, such as the timing of administration and the
severity of the disease. Early administration in mild and moderate cases has shown promise. Furthermore,
molecular docking analysis suggests that antibodies can cause conformational changes in
the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, raising the hypothesis that using CP may interfere with viral entry
into host cells.
OKUL ÖNCESİ DÖNEM ÇOCUKLARININ PSİKOLOJİK DAYANIKLILIKLARI İLE YARATICILIKLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Dönmez Özlem , Ergün Özge Ruken , Balaban Dağal Asude
Published: October 2024

Erken çocukluk dönemi, çocukluk yılları açısından kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu dönemde çocuklar birçok becerinin yanı sıra yaşamlarında karşılaşacakları sorunları çözebilmeyi de öğrenirler. Fakat bu sorunlarla baş edebilme stratejileri için bazı temel becerileri de kazanmış olmaları gerekir. Bu temel becerilerden sonra çocukların günlük yaşam sorunlarıyla baş edebilmeleri onların psikolojik dayanıklılıklarını da etkileyecektir. Psikolojik olarak dayanıklı olan bireyler bulundukları çevre ve topluma da uyum sağlamış bireylerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, okul öncesi eğitime devam eden çocukların psikolojik dayanıklılıkları ile yaratıcılıkları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Bu amaç kapsamında araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, okul öncesi eğitime devam eden 103 çocuk oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın veri toplama araçları Çocuk Bilgi Formu, Erken Çocukluk Yaratıcılık Ölçeği (ECCRS) ve 48-72 Aylık Çocuklar İçin Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği’dir. Ölçme araçları okul öncesi öğretmenleri tarafından doldurulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler istatistik paket programına girilerek program aracılığıyla çözümlenmiştir. Okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının psikolojik dayanıklılıkları ile yaratıcılıkları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Ancak psikolojik dayanıklılığın alt boyutlarından biri olan doyum erteleme becerilerinin yaratıcılık becerileri üzerinde olumlu yönde ve anlamlı etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen bulguların okul öncesi psikolojik dayanıklılık ve yaratıcılık çalışmalarına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Adapting a personalized text messaging intervention to improve diabetes medication adherence in a Spanish-speaking population (Preprint)
Authors: Seiglie Jacqueline , Tobolsky Seth , Crespo Trevino Ricaurte , Cordova Lluvia , Cromer Sara , Caballero Augusto Enrique , Alegria Margarita , Miranda J. Jaime , Wexler Deborah , Mayberry Lindsay
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Latino adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have higher rates of diabetes medication non-adherence than non-Hispanic White adults. REACH is a text message-based platform based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills (IMB) model that addresses barriers to adherence and was shown to improve adherence and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), but it is only available in English.

OBJECTIVE

To report the multiphase, stakeholder-driven adaptation of the REACH barriers to diabetes medication adherence content to a Latino population (REACH-Español).

METHODS

Latino adults with T2D were invited to participate in one of five focus groups conducted in Spanish between April 13th and November 9th, 2023. Focus groups 1-3 centered on identifying the most relevant barriers to diabetes medication adherence in the study population. Focus groups 4-5 centered on translations and cultural modifications of the original text message content associated with each of the REACH barriers. Barriers were mapped onto IMB constructs. Focus groups were audio-recorded, professionally transcribed, and analyzed with thematic content analysis using NVivo.

RESULTS

Twenty-two participants attended one of five focus groups. Mean age was 63.2 years, 55.0% were female, and mean HbA1c was 8.5%. All participants were born in Latin America or the Caribbean and spoke Spanish as their preferred language, and 54.5% had completed middle school education or less. Among 40 barriers to diabetes medication adherence from REACH and the extant literature, participants ranked 18 barriers as most relevant; among the top 10 ranked barriers, 50% corresponded to information, 20% to social motivation, 20% to behavioral skills, and 10% to personal motivation. Personal motivation barriers (medication burden and fear of side effects) and behavioral skills (forgetting to take medication) emerged as important themes in the focus groups.

CONCLUSIONS

A stakeholder-driven approach to intervention adaptation identified and prioritized relevant barriers to diabetes medication adherence among Latino adults with type 2 diabetes and facilitated adapting of the REACH platform to a Spanish-speaking population.
Adoption of Generative Large Language Models in Pathology: A National Survey of Chinese Pathologists (Preprint)
Authors: Xue Peng , Wang Yuting , Cui Victor Yu , Ye Zichen , Pan Qinjing , Zhang Xun , Yang Yao , Qiao Youlin
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Pathologists are grappling with high workloads and uneven resource distribution, which can impede professional development and the delivery of quality patient care. The advent of generative large language models (LLMs) has the potential to revolutionize pathological field, where efficiency and resource accessibility are paramount.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the perceptions and willingness of Chinese pathologists to adopt generative LLMs.

METHODS

We conducted a questionnaire survey at the National Pathology Academic Annual Conference in April 2024, involving 339 certified Chinese pathologists. Participant responses were measured with a 5-point Likert scale for the performance of generative LLMs in clinical, research, and educational settings, with statistical analysis using mean and standard deviation (SD). Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to explore factors associated with the adoption of generative LLMs, reporting odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS

A total of 339 valid questionnaires were returned. The results revealed that pathologists generally supported the performance of generative LLMs in clinical (mean 3.87, SD 0.96), research (mean 3.88, SD 1.09), and educational (mean 4.04, SD 0.82) contexts. Positive attitudes towards the use of generative LLMs were prevalent. Notably, pathologists practicing in less developed urban areas (OR=1.99, 95% CI=1.07 to 3.69, p=0.030), those with higher caseloads (>5000 cases/year; OR=2.12, 95% CI=1.01 to 4.44, p=0.047), and those engaged in research (OR=2.94, 95% CI=1.61 to 5.34, p<0.001) and teaching (OR=2.37, 95% CI=1.42 to 3.96, p=0.001) activities, as well as those with prior experience with generative LLMs (OR=2.45, 95% CI=1.38 to 4.37, p=0.002), showed a greater inclination towards future adoption.

CONCLUSIONS

Chinese pathologists are receptive to generative LLMs, showing a positive inclination for their application. The study advocates for fostering the adoption of generative LLMs to improve the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis, reduce the burden on pathologists, and improve the overall service level in the field of pathology.
The Impact of Growth Mindset on K-12 Students' Academic Performance in Australia
Authors: Liu Xiaoyuan
Published: October 2024

Students' performance in academic courses highlights the curriculum's development of knowledge and abilities, which is a crucial sign of academic success. The goal of the study is to determine how growth mindset affects students' academic performance in terms of engagement, skill development, information acquisition, and resilience. The purpose of this study is to emphasize the influence on Australian primary and secondary school students (K-12) aged 5-18 years, given the significance of this growth mindset on academic performance. In this study, the content analysis technique is used from 10 different studies and it is identified that there was no discernible growth mindset mediating effect in the relationship between reading achievement and formative assessment approaches. This study makes two different literary contributions. First of all, it links two related study streams: attitude and formative evaluation. This study has demonstrated that the connection between these two strands might lead to enhanced synergy between exterior educational approaches and internal psychological processes.
Análisis relacional en docentes para la planificación de las prácticas socioeducativas en educación médica
Authors: Pía Silvestrini María , Cianci Pagano Juan Emilio , Barragán Paola , Marin Gustavo
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El análisis de redes sociales es una metodología que permite realizar un diagnóstico de relaciones y vínculos entre actores, constituyéndose en una herramienta útil para alcanzar consensos, diseñar estrategias e intervenir en situaciones que involucran las dinámicas de los grupos sociales. La comprensión de las diversas percepciones y relaciones entre los integrantes de la sociedad, facilita la construcción de esfuerzos de vinculación específicos, reuniendo elementos para el diagnóstico situacional en relación con las problemáticas sociales abordadas integralmente en el marco de las prácticas socioeducativas en docencia universitaria.
Objetivo: Este proyecto busca recurrir al análisis de redes sociales para medir la centralidad relativa de los nodos en la red, detectar grupos, y examinar la difusión de información o influencia dentro de la misma en actores vinculados al Eje Salud Pública de la Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Nacional del Centro de Buenos Aires, Argentina (UNICEN).
Método: La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un formulario enviado a integrantes de la red (N = 31). Los datos fueron evaluados utilizando análisis de redes sociales con softwares Ucinet y Netdraw que permitieron el análisis de las métricas y la creación del sociograma.
Resultados: Se logró la identificación de líderes y facilitadores dentro de la red que no necesariamente corresponden a cargo de mayor jerarquía académica.
Conclusión: La ejecución de este proyecto proporciona información valiosa para la planificación estratégica, utilizando herramientas metodológicas clave que retroalimentan el proceso de toma de decisiones, contribuyendo así a mejorar la gestión y, en nuestro caso, las actividades de los estudiantes en el territorio.
El impacto curricular actual de un viejo aforismo médico
Authors: D’Ottavio Alberto Enrique
Published: October 2024

El anatomopatólogo catalán del siglo XIX D. José de Letamendi y Manjarrés (1828-1897) sostuvo que el médico que solo sabía medicina, ni siquiera medicina sabía1
Síndrome de burnout en médicos residentes en Paraguay
Authors: Ortellado Colmán Mauricio Julián
Published: October 2024

El síndrome de burnout (SB) es una entidad cuya definición misma expone una disyuntiva curiosa.
El reto de cruzar la brecha del idioma para publicar en inglés en educación en profesiones de la salud
Authors: Sánchez Mendiola Melchor
Published: October 2024

Escribir para publicar en revistas académicas plantea importantes desafíos cognitivos y socioemocionales para los autores que escriben en inglés como idioma adicional (IIA).
Detection and determinants of Leptospira infection in rodents, cattle and humans in Muheza District, Tanzania: A One Health Appeal
Authors: Manyama Gamba Gerald , Mlowe Gerald Dickson , Lupindu Athumani , Katakweba Abdul
Published: October 2024

Interaction between humans, livestock, and wildlife plays an important
role in zoonotic disease transmission. The emergence of Leptospira in
humans, rodents, and cattle remains relatively understudied. A
cross-sectional study was conducted between February and May 2023 in
Muheza to determine evidence of Leptospira infection and associated risk
factors in rodents, cattle, and humans. A total of 479 serum samples
from rodents (n=201), humans (n=198), and cattle (n=80) were examined by
using the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) to detect antibodies
against six live Leptospira stock culture serovars, including Pomona,
Hebdomadis, Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Sokoine, and Lora. Additionally, a
questionnaire survey was conducted on 140 respondents to establish
potential risk factors for transmission of Leptospira. The overall
Leptospira seroprevalence in rodents, cattle and humans was 6.0%
(12/201; 95% CI: 3.12%-10.20 %), 12.5% (10/80; 95% CI:
6.16%-21.79%) and 13.13% (26/198; 95% CI: 8.76%-18.65%),
respectively and the most predominant serovars were Grippotyphosa,
Sokoine, and Hebdomadis. A significant difference in the seroprevalence
was observed in the occupation category, with farmers likelier to be
infected with leptospirosis than those in other categories (χ
2= 9.19, df = 3, p = 0.027). This study showed
co-agglutination between rodents, cattle, and humans with serovars
Hebdomadis, Sokoine, and Grippotyphosa. People aged 36-59 had the
highest seropositivity, suggesting they are the most at-risk group. Our
study shed light on pathogenic serovars circulating among humans,
rodents, and cattle and their associated risk factors. It also
highlights the importance of employing a One Heath approach in
controlling zoonotic disease.
“A rollercoaster of drawing and using digital tools!”:
Authors: Cavaliero Tamsin , Gilligan Jennifer , McCabe Ellen
Published: October 2024

Responding to the Covid pandemic, educators worldwide were forced to reconsider ways of delivering content and engaging students.  Graphic Facilitation offers opportunities for educators to rethink ways of delivering text heavy content.  This paper charts the journey of developing a Graphic Facilitation Digital Badge for staff in a Higher Education institution.  The paper describes the process from the perspective of three educators (two instructional designers and a lecturer) exploring the use of Graphic Facilitation as a tool for teaching and learning across a range of subjects and discipline areas to enhance communication and sustain participation across a diverse cohort of students.  The paper focuses on how we applied Graphic Facilitation through planning, teaching, assessing, providing feedback and reflection on learning.  Following the module participants were required to complete an evaluation form.  Feedback from participants is presented. The findings highlight the value of graphic facilitation in supporting learners to develop graphic skillsets, engage with new technologies, enhance communication, and, develop a sense of community amongst staff at a Higher Education institution through engagement in an online classroom.
Strategie marketingowe rozwoju produktu
Authors: Michalski Eugeniusz
Published: October 2024

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest przedstawienie zasad tworzenia strategii marketingowej rozwoju produktu. Zastosowana została analiza krytyczna literatury metody opisowa i przyczynowa oraz dociekania wynikające z prowadzonych przez autora badań terenowych. Omówiono definicje marketingu, koncepcje tworzenia strategii marketingowej oraz wpływ środowiska na wdrażanie strategii. Analizie poddano cykl życia produktu na rynku, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem procesów wprowadzania nowego produktu na rynek i wycofywania przestarzałego produktu.
Relacje inwestorskie jako narzędzie kształtowania reputacji spółek giełdowych
Authors: Dmitruk Joanna , Krzyżanowska Krystyna
Published: October 2024

Współczesny rynek finansowy nie mógłby spełniać swoich funkcji bez odpowiedniej komunikacji między podmiotami. Dwustronny proces komunikacji między spółkami giełdowymi a interesariuszami jest obszarem działania relacji inwestorskich (Investor Relations - IR). Podstawowe korzyści wynikające ze skutecznie prowadzonych relacji inwestorskich to redukcja kosztów pozyskania kapitału, wyższa płynność akcji i rzetelna wycena wartości spółki, zwiększenie poziomu zaufania i osiągnięcie pożądanej reputacji przedsiębiorstwa. W opracowaniu zaprezentowano teoretyczne zagadnienia związane z reputacją przedsiębiorstwa i relacjami inwestorskimi oraz wyniki badań własnych przeprowadzonych wśród dwóch opcji opiniotwórczych związanych z IR.
Stosunek konsumentów rynku IT do zależnych i niezależnych internetowych źródeł informacji zakupowej
Authors: Gąsior Marcin
Published: October 2024

Zachowanie konsumenta, czyli wszelka aktywność podejmowana w trakcie nabywania, użytkowania i pozbywania się dóbr i usług, jest kształtowane i warunkowane przez szereg czynników, zarówno zewnętrznego, jak i wewnętrznego charakteru. Jednym z najważniejszych z nich jest płynąca z otoczenia informacja, umożliwiająca w szczególności ocenę alternatyw oraz dokonanie wyboru. W obrębie niniejszego artykułu, w oparciu o przeprowadzone badanie konsumentów rynku IT, poddano dyskusji postrzeganie przez potencjalnych nabywców różnych, dostępnych form informacji, skłonność do ich wykorzystania, a także kryteria oceny przydatności. W oparciu o przedstawione zmienne podjęta została także próba klasyfikacji konsumentów – wyodrębnienia grup o zbliżonym stosunku do informacji zakupowej.
Znaczenie marki w procesie komercjalizacji nowego produktu
Authors: Kruk Marek
Published: October 2024

Zarządzanie marką jest dla menedżerów produktu istotnym wyzwaniem. Artykuł prezentuje rolę marki w zachowaniach nabywców, uwarunkowania procesu komercjalizacji oraz miejsce marki w tym procesie, wskazując na jej istotne znaczenie. Marka staje się coraz ważniejszym atrybutem przy dokonywaniu zakupu przez klientów. Stąd też odgrywa ona coraz większą rolę w procesie komercjalizacji innowacji. W związku z tym należy rozpatrywać ją zarówno w aspekcie strategicznym, jak i taktycznym podczas wprowadzania nowego produktu na rynek. Pomocny w tym względzie jest wybór marki opartej na dwóch wymiarach: typie nowości oraz orientacji rynkowej.
Kapitał marki w sieci wymiany wartości
Authors: Kubiak Krzysztof
Published: October 2024

W obecnej gospodarce opartej na wiedzy, gospodarce sieciowej, pojawia się nowy trend funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw – jest nim umiejętność tworzenia wartości. Jedną z takich wartości jest marka, która odgrywa istotną rolę w procesie komunikacji przedsiębiorstwa z rynkiem. Markę można porównać do najcenniejszego zasobu, jaki może posiadać przedsiębiorstwo. W artykule podjęto próbę identyfikacji czynników wpływających na zwiększenie kapitału marki, określono również zestaw wartości wynikający z jej kapitału. Metodą badawczą był wywiad ekspercki oraz metoda sieci wartości. Według przeprowadzonych badań kapitał marki jest źródłem przyszłych korzyści przedsiębiorstwa i klienta, korzyści o charakterze materialnym oraz niematerialnym.
LGBTQ+ Supportive and Inclusive Care Practices: Survey Data From the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative
Authors: Flores Garcia Jaquelin , Majidi Shideh , Mungmode Ann , Reid Mark W. , Demeterco-Berggen Carla , Rioles Nicole , Ochoa-Maya Margarita , Maahs David M. , McDonough Ryan J. , Ebekozien Osagie , Raymond Jennifer K. ,   T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE

Living with type 1 diabetes is challenging, but more barriers exist when one also identifies as LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or other gender-expansive identities). Acknowledging the importance of identifying this population and providing personalized care, the Health Resources and Services Administration mandated institutions to document sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data. To understand the current state of SOGI documentation in the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative, a survey assessing LGBTQ+ supportive and inclusive care practices was given to affiliated sites.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Thirty-three pediatric and 21 adult care centers were surveyed via Qualtrics. The survey included questions about their electronic health record documentation of patient-identified gender, pronouns, sexual orientation, and sex assigned at birth (SAAB). Care centers also reported on the legality of gender-affirming care in their municipalities, as well as their willingness to change SAAB after patients meet requirements. Fisher’s exact tests were used to evaluate response frequencies.

RESULTS

All 33 of the pediatric centers and 81% (17 of 21) of the adult centers responded to the survey. Sixty-four percent of pediatric centers had established strategies to support SOGI documentation, whereas only 50% of adult centers had implemented strategies. Some adult centers could not confirm whether they documented SOGI. Differences were seen between the pediatric and adult endocrinology centers in their documentation of gender identity (P = 0.04) and pronouns (P = 0.02).

CONCLUSION

Although most endocrinology centers documented gender identity and pronouns, fewer documented sexual orientation. Further work is needed to improve SOGI documentation and assess its impact on LGBTQ+ patients with diabetes.
Music-specialized teachers’ reasoning on music practice in preschool: Music knowledge, courage, and visions
Authors: Holmberg Ylva , Nilsson Marie-Helene Zimmerman
Published: October 2024

According to the Swedish curriculum (SKOLFS 2018, p. 50), preschool teachers bear the responsibility for teaching and incorporating music into preschool practice. However, due to limited time dedicated to music in preschool teacher education, teachers specialized in music play a critical role as valuable resources in practice. Existing music education research has focused predominantly on music in preschool from the perspectives of preschool teachers and students, rather than specifically examining a group of teachers specialized in music. Hence, this study aims to explore and discuss how teachers specialized in music approach music practice within preschool settings. The study adopts an educational philosophy and music didaktik perspective in analyzing focus group discussions with teachers specialized in music. The results reveal that music knowledge focuses on craftsmanship, courage, and visions for the music specialist. Alternative combinations of theoretical perspectives shed light on a complex and intertwined practice with shifting emphases.
Effect of a Sensorimotor Training on Pain, Proprioception, and Functional Activities in Participants with Chronic Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: HM* Patel , M Balaganapathy
Published: October 2024

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, debilitating condition that significantly impairs functional health status among affected individuals. Key challenges associated with chronic knee OA include persistent pain, diminished functional capabilities, and compromised balance. These factors highlight the critical need for effective intervention strategies. Recent research suggests that sensorimotor training may play a pivotal role in addressing these issues. However, there remains a gap in the literature regarding the specific effects of sensorimotor training on pain perception, proprioception, and overall functional levels in this population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to systematically investigate the impact of sensorimotor training on pain, proprioceptive abilities, and functional performance in individuals with chronic knee OA. Methods: Total 66 patients with chronic knee OA were divided into two equal groups. The control group received a traditional exercise programme and the experimental group received sensorimotor training in addition to traditional exercises. Blind assessment was conducted at the beginning of the study and after 4 weeks of training to measure pain by NPRS, proprioception acuity by passive – active joint position reproduction method, and functional disability by TUG & KOOS scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23. Data were presented as mean, standard deviation (SD) and mean difference. Within groups compare we used Paired t test and between groups compare we used Independent t test with post data comparison in SPSS. The significance level was set at (p<0.05). Result: For experimental group and control group statistical significant (p<0.05) improvements were recorded in all measured parameters. Mean difference of KOOS in control group is 5.97% and experimental group is 17.63% and in mean difference of pain in control group is 2.33 and experimental group is 3.88 which shows that SMT is very effective than traditional exercise only. According to MCID of all outcomes, pain, KOSS and TUG test is clinically significant. The sensorimotor group produced significantly better improvement than the traditional group. Conclusion: Sensorimotor training along with traditional exercises is more effective then only traditional exercises for patients with chronic knee OA. The addition of sensorimotor training to traditional strengthening and stretching exercises could provide more motor control and help neuromuscular restoration of balance and subsequently improve the functional level of chronic knee OA subjects.
Investigating the Impact of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension on Fetal Outcomes: A Comprehensive Study in Maternity Hospitals
Authors: H Makwana , I Rathva , N Jadav , S Malek , V Chauhan , N* Parmar
Published: October 2024

Background: Hypertension in pregnancy is a major obstetric complication that poses a significant risk to maternal and fetal health, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. According to the World Health Organization, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) claim the life of at least one woman every seven minutes. HDPs are associated with an increased risk of adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes, including preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), perinatal mortality, and maternal morbidity and mortality. Prompt recognition and management of PIH are essential to mitigate these complications and ensure optimal maternal and fetal outcomes. Hence the study was undertaken to assess the impact of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension on fetal outcome among Antenatal mother with PIH at maternity hospital of Anand and Kheda district. Objectives: To assess the clinical presentation among mother with PIH at maternity hospital; To assess the impact of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension on fetal outcome. Methodology: A Prospective study was conducted at Dr. N. D. Desai hospital, Nadiad. Sample size was 30. Sample was selected by Consecutive Sampling Technique. The data regarding Demographic variable, Obstetric History, Classification of PIH, Blood pressure, Drug Received & Fetal outcomes was collected using Structured Interview Scheduled. The result is computed by using descriptive and frequency and percentage using tables, graph etc. Data were analysed according to objectives of the study. Results: In present study, the incidence of gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and eclampsia was 10%, 86.66%, and 3.33%, respectively. These conditions were more common in primipara. The symptoms of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) included pedal edema (60%), vomiting (43.33%), blurry vision (6.66%), convulsions (3.33%), and dizziness (6.66%), as well as epigastric pain (16.66%) and lower abdominal pain (36.66%). Most mothers (83.33%) received antihypertensive medication. The study also found that fetal complications included preterm births (66.66%) and low birth weight (56.66%). Additionally, 63.33% of babies required NICU admission, and there were cases of post-term birth (3.33%), congenital abnormalities (3.33%), birth asphyxia (3.33%), and neonatal deaths (10%). Conclusion: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a common and serious condition that can have devastating effects on both mothers and babies. To combat this, we need to raise awareness and take action at both community and hospital levels to reduce the risks and improve outcomes.
Hematological Cancer and Viral Infection
Authors: BAR Hassan
Published: October 2024

Hematological cancer patients are particularly vulnerable to the morbidity and death caused by viral infections. But, it is not well known how common viral infections are or what effects they have on patients undergoing traditional nontransplant treatment. How severe and how long T-cell-mediated immune suppression is determines the variation in viral infection incidence and prognosis between patient groups. Topics covered in this mini-review article include late CMV infection, new viral pathogens (human herpesvirus-6, BK virus, adenovirus, and human metapneumovirus), advancements in molecular diagnostics, and the possibility of novel agents for viral prophylaxis (maribavir) or preemptive therapy (valganciclovir). The infections caused by these viruses have been extensively studied. If we want to understand the range of these viral diseases and come up with effective ways to prevent and cure them, we need well-designed prospective trials. Patients undergoing nontransplant treatment for hematological malignancies are at greater risk for viral infections; this is especially important given the rising use of drugs like alemtuzumab, which cause significant T-cell depletion.
The Intensity of Visiting the School Library as an Indicator of Students' Reading Interest in Elementary Schools
Authors: Azhari Ayu , Ramadan Zaka Hadikusuma
Published: October 2024

The problems that have occurred so far are that schools have not utilized the library as the main means of the education process at school. The teacher has not encouraged students to visit the library intensely, and the students' reading interest is low. This study aims to analyze the intensity of visits, the purpose of students visiting the school library, and the services of the school librarian to students in elementary schools. This type of research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The method of collecting data is through interviews, observations, and documentation with instruments in the form of interview guidelines and observation guidelines. Data analysis was done by data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the intensity of student visits to the school library was 2 to 4 times a week. It was routine and quite good. The purpose of students visiting the school library is known not only to read books but also to discuss and spend time resting. The library services provided by the officers showed that the officers provided information on how to borrow books and reaffirmed the rules while at the library. Besides that, the officers provided services according to service hours. Officers always answer student questions and are fast and precise in providing services.
Teacher as a Motivator: Gender, Ownership of Educator Certificates, and Age of Elementary Teachers in Improving Student Motivation during Online Learning
Authors: Juliartawan I Gusti Ngurah Kade Angga , Nanci Riastini Putu
Published: October 2024

The online learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic tends to be more difficult and makes the students' motivation in elementary school low. Elementary school teachers have an important role in increasing and maintaining student motivation during the online learning process. This study aims to describe the role of teachers in terms of gender, ownership of educator certificates, and teacherage in increasing student motivation during online learning. The method used in this research is a descriptive method with quantitative data analysis techniques. Respondents in this study were elementary school teachers, as many as 11 people. Determination of the sample using a saturated sampling technique. The data collection method in this study was a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 15 questions referring to 5 aspects of the teacher as a motivator. There are differences in the teacher's role as a motivator regarding gender, ownership of educator certificates, and teacherage. The results showed that elementary school teachers had tried to motivate students during online learning with a good dominant score. Unfortunately, some aspects are still in enough category, namely the indicators of giving reward-punishment, elements of the variation of the learning process, and aspects of using technology. The results also show that female teachers are better than male teachers, non-certified teachers are better than certified educators, and young teachers are better than older teachers.