bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P-143 SHIFTING THE FOCUS FROM EXPOSURE TO SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS IN OCCUPATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY: A PROTOCOL OF A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR A SOCIOECONOMIC RISK MATRIX
Authors: Hadidi Hamza , Hontoria Rodrigo , Salah Salah , Arshad Fatima , Uddin Ismihan A , Ashemi Qaseem , Maini Ishana , Moinuddin Ali
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Job exposure matrices (JEM) often neglect upstream socioeconomic variables and assume the exposure epidemiology lens. We propose a conceptual framework utilizing education, wealth, and healthcare access as primary indicators of occupational cardiorespiratory risk. This protocol encompasses key socioeconomic status (SES) predictors to produce a Socioeconomic Risk Matrix (SRM).

Methods

Prioritizing utilization in cohort studies, data will be obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A random forest regression assigns each SRM variable a weighting according to its likelihood of impacting risk. Each variable contributes an ordinal risk level, where a 3-way matrix produces a 0 to 1 risk score. Relative risk of COPD will be estimated based on SRM risk quartiles using multinomial logistic regression.

Results

Using SRM as an interdisciplinary approach to occupational epidemiology identifies the magnitude of socioeconomic variables’ impact on occupational disease risk. We expect SRM to allow for expanded data utilization within and between occupational groups/clusters.

Discussion

This approach may indicate a necessity for analyzing additional SRM variables individually and inter-relatedly to support their associative impact on occupational, cardiorespiratory health outcomes. Remodelling SRM’s risk scoring structure may expose interactions between socioeconomic and lifestyle factors in the context of occupational exposure, providing a multidimensional approach to occupational risk estimation. The SRM lacks direct reproducibility, as different cohort samples reflect diverse SES combinations, however this orients future studies in occupational health to an SES-centric approach over traditional exposure-centric investigations.

Conclusion

SRM may act as a primer for improved SES matrices, incorporating variance in workplace and geo-cultural factors where relevant.
P-145 HOW MUCH DOES THE HOSPITAL WEIGHT? THE BODY MASS INDEX OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS
Authors: Camarinha Salome , Alves Helena , Abreu Diogo , Silva Laura , Pereira Miguel , Melo Daniel , Sardo Ana Paula , Mautempo Fernando
Published: July 2024

Introduction

It has been estimated that 38% of the world’s adult population will be obese by 2030. Obese workers have more lost workdays than workers with normal body mass index (BMI), independently of other risk factors. This study aims to analyse the BMI of hospital healthcare workers (HCW) through a descriptive analysis of their characteristics like gender, age and professional group.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was performed using data collected from the Occupational Medicine Department records. The study population included all HCW who were actively working at a Hospital Centre in 2022, and who had at least one BMI measurement between 2018 and 2022.

Results

This study included 1522 HCW. The mean age was 46±11 years and most were women (81.08%). The average BMI was 25.21±4.64 kg/m2, with a measurement range between 15.2 and 55.5 kg/m2. Most workers (52.50%) had a BMI within the normal range; 31.80% were overweight and 13.40% were obese. BMI was higher in males (26.08±3.53 kg/m2). HCW older than 39 years had a mean BMI equal or higher than 25.20±4.53 kg/m2. Hospital aides (27.03±5.0 kg/m2) had the highest mean BMI while diagnostic and therapeutic technicians had the lowest (24.08±4,02 kg/m2).

Discussion

This descriptive analysis shows that the study population had a mean BMI equivalent to overweight. Higher BMI are observed in males, older individuals and hospital aides.

Conclusion

Occupational Medicine may play a key role in identifying workers at greater risk and applying weight control measures, as a strategy to prevent obesity-related diseases and, ultimately, to reduce work absenteeism.
P-146 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RESEARCH IN THE UK: OPPORTUNITIES AND BARRIERS FOR DATA LINKAGES
Authors: Van Tongeren Martie , Demou Evangelia , Stevelink Sharon , Boyd Andrew
Published: July 2024

Introduction

One of the main historical challenges in the UK for occupational health research to inform and support the HSE policy activities is the lack of good quality occupational data in routinely collected health records.

Methods

We evaluated the breadth of data potentially available for occupational health research in the UK relating both to the exposures of interest (occupation and employment) and the health outcomes of interest (primarily stress and mental health, but also physical health outcomes, such as musculoskeletal and respiratory diseases, and cancers). In addition, we carried out interviews with stakeholders on the data needs/requirements and opportunities provided through data linkages.

Results

Key data sets were identified, such as the recently developed Public Health Data Asset and the Office of National Statistics Longitudinal Study, both of which have not been used extensively for occupational health research. The interviews provided important information on the opportunities for linking data sets such as the Labour Force Survey and the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE).

Discussion

Important new data opportunities for occupational health research in the UK have been identified as well as a number of barriers in terms of priorities and resources. However, further improvements could be made through encouraging inclusion of occupational data in routine health records.

Conclusion

We will next plan to develop a data platform specifically to facilitate occupational health research in the UK.
P-147 HEMOLYMPHOEPOIETIC CANCER AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE: PROPORTIONAL MORTALITY RATIO STRATIFIED BY PERMANENCE IN THE OCCUPATIONAL SECTOR
Authors: D’Elia Silvia , Massari Stefania , Gariazzo Claudio , Marinaccio Alessandro
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Blood and lymphatic tumors represent about 7% of all new cancer diagnoses in Italy. The occupational component plays an important role in their etiology.

Objective

The goal of the study is to assess the excess risk of hemolymphoepoietic cancer in occupational sectors and how it varies in terms of working days in a specific area of employment.

Methods

The Italian national statistical institute archive of the causes of death for the years 2005 – 2018 has been integrated with the National Social Insurance Agency contribution archives, referring only to the private sector starting from the 1974 for analysing the occupational history of deceased. The Proportional Mortality Ratio (PMR) was calculated by specific cause and sector considering the services sector as the reference. Age-adjusted PMRs were estimated using a generalized linear model (GLM) with a logarithmic link function. The 95% confidence interval was calculated for estimated risks. The analysis was implemented by stratifying by classes of permanence in the sector defined based on days of contributions.

Results

The dataset contains 25,883 males from 45 occupational sectors. Excess risk of myeloma is observed for the highest class of permanence in the mechanical engineering, mining, metals, iron, and steel industries. A positive trend in the excess risk of lymphoma was observed in the chemical, leather, wood, and printing sector; and of leukaemia in the health and veterinary service.

Discussion and conclusion

The substantial role of occupational risks in hemolymphoepoietic cancer is confirmed. A better understanding of the diseases etiology is essential for the prevention policies development.
O-093 REDUCING OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO PESTICIDES: UNDERSTANDING PREVENTION BEHAVIORS AMONG FRENCH FARMERS
Authors: Bresson Morgane , Bureau Mathilde , De Graaf Lucie , Leblanc Maylis , Lecluse Yannick , Baldi Isabelle , Lebailly Pierre , Bresson Morgane , Senemeaud Cécile , Lebailly Pierre
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Preventing farmers’ exposure to pesticides is a major public health issue. Wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) is one effective means of prevention among others. However, available data show that PPE are not always used by farmers. The aim of this study is to investigate the structural and psychosociological determinants of PPE use, in order to identify ways of improving farmer training.

Methods

163 French farmers (winegrowers or open-field farmers) responded to a telephone survey. The questionnaire was divided into 12 parts, covering pesticide knowledge, psychological constructs (beliefs, attitudes, social norms, self-efficacy, health locus of control), and individual and professional aspects. The association with the PPE use (gloves, body protection) was studied by logistic regression.

Results

Participants were males, farm owners (82%), average age 50, had a low education level (59%), a pesticide certificate (92%), reported performing all their treatments (80%) and using gloves more systematically (60%) than body protection (20%). PPE use was associated with low barriers perceived to self-protection, high perception that peers protect themselves (descriptive social norms) but not with knowledge levels. Body protection use was associated with being a winegrower, working on small farms, high perceived ability to protect oneself and thinking that peers or family expect them to protect themselves (subjective social norms).

Discussion and conclusion

Determinants of other behaviours (hand washing, product label reading) will be analysed. This analysis enabled us to consider ways of improving farmer training: practical work to reduce perceived barriers and improve perceived ability to use PPE, discussion groups or peer training to change perceived social norms.
P-150 WHAT ARE WORK-RELATED PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROGNOSTIC FACTORS FOR DISABILITY IN CONSTRUCTION WORKERS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY BASED ON WORKER HEALTH SURVEILLANCE DATA
Authors: Van der Gragt Jack , Kuijer P Paul F M , Coenen Pieter , Arslan Ferhat
Published: July 2024

Introduction

To select effective interventions to enhance work ability in construction workers with knee osteoarthritis (KO), knowledge of prognostic factors is needed given that occupational physicians see differences in sick leave episodes despite similar degrees of KO. This study assesses work-related physical and psychological prognostic factors over time in a cohort of construction workers with KO.

Methods

Based on worker health surveillance (WHS), 277 male construction workers diagnosed with KO and having at least two completed WHS over the time period 2000 – 2020 were selected. 80% of these workers had three or more completed WHS. The dependent variable was the Work (Dis)Ability Indicator showing the risk of work disability in the upcoming four years. This indicator was specifically developed for the Dutch construction industry and based on age, sickness absence, work ability index and musculoskeletal complaints. The score varies between 2%-79%. A score >38% indicates that interventions are needed to prevent work disability. Generalized estimating equation was used for multivariable analyses after selecting relevant variables based on univariable analyses.

Results

Workers (mean age 54 years, BMI 28 kg/m2) worked mainly as bricklayers, carpenters or tilers. Clinically relevant prognostic factors were: personal (better self-rated health, lower BMI and younger age), physical (less kneeling/squatting during work) and psychological (sufficient payment, having supervisor support and less time pressure).

Discussion and conclusion

To support the work ability of workers with KO, modifiable work-related physical and psychological prognostic factors are reducing kneeling/squatting during work and securing sufficient payment, having supervisor support and reducing time pressure.
P-158 5P MEDICINE: A DIGITAL TWIN MODEL FOR HOSPITAL-BASED OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE
Authors: Moussa Amen , Hayouni Mohamed Marouen , Rassas Ines , Merchaoui Irtyah , Amri Charfeddine
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a major health problem among dentists. The application of “Digital-Twin” (DT) in the field of occupational medicine can bring significant benefits in terms of safety, health, and process efficiency. The aim is to create a DT model of dentists in silico, which will serve as an accurate virtual representation of occupational hazards incurred during routine dental procedures.

Methods and results

This is a digital modeling study of bio-mechanical patterns in dentists at the Monastir dental clinic, conducted in 2023 at the occupational medicine and pathology department. Information concerning medical history, clinics, work activity data, and bio-mechanical and environmental data were collected during medical visits and observations carried out in real-time activity and through a dental work simulation. An analysis of the dentist’s movements and bio-mechanical constraints was performed. We chose root canal treatment in endodontics as an example to initiate our modeling.

Discussion

The medical “digital twin” of dentists with MSDs is a digital representation of specific health status, focusing on aspects related to musculoskeletal disorders. It is a specialized application of the “digital twin” concept in the context of health problems related to the musculoskeletal system.

Conclusion

This study provides a digital decision-support tool for the prevention of MSDs in the workplace. This innovative approach can help preventionists, particularly occupational physicians, to improve working conditions, and promote the health and well-being of workers while optimizing their productivity.
P-160 IMPACTS ARISING FROM WORKPLACE HEALTH AND SAFETY RESEARCH FOR A GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY
Authors: Twin Jimmy
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Based on work by the Institute for Work & Health (Canada), a research impact framework was co-developed between the Institute for Safety, Compensation and Recovery Research (ISCRR, Australia) and WorkSafe Victoria (Australia) to measure and evaluate the impact of ISCRR research on policies, procedures and decision-making. This framework has now become a guiding strategy for ISCRR’s research translation activities.

Methods

This impact framework focusses on three main levels of research impact: i) research dissemination and diffusion, ii) informing decision-making, and iii) contribution towards societal change. All research carried out by ISCRR researchers for WorkSafe Victoria are now assessed for research impact.

Results

An audit of 35 ISCRR research projects completed between 2019-22 found that 77% (n=27) had achieved some form of impact which informed decision-making. These decision-making impacts ranged from informing internal strategies, treatment options and guidelines, and further research, as well as leading to the development of programs and initiatives. Two research projects demonstrated a connection to preliminary societal level impacts improving the outcome of injured workers. For the research projects without measured decision-making impacts (n=8), these were either too early in their impact journey, or there were difficulties in obtaining research impact metrics.

Discussion

The majority of ISCRR research for WorkSafe Victoria directly informs decision-making processes. The ability to measure these impacts relies on a proactive approach and champion identification.

Conclusion

Government authorities strive to make evidence-informed decisions backed by solid research. Research impact measurement and monitoring is important to demonstrate this process and identify opportunities to further impact progression.
P-163 THE INTEREST OF PERIODIC MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE FOR WORKERS IN THE AERONAUTICAL INDUSTRY
Authors: Ziedi Hiba , Bahri Ghada , Mersni Mariem , Mechergui Najla , Brahim Dorra , Said Hanene Ben , Youssef Imen , Ladhari Nizar
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The aeronautical industry (AI) provides employment for thousands of workers who are exposed to a variety of occupational hazards. Medical prevention is essential, based on periodic medical surveillance (PMS). The aim of our study was to determine the value of PMS for AI employees.

Methods

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that interested workers of an AI who consulted the Department of Occupational Pathology in the context of PMS during the period from 1 January to 30 July 2023.

Results

During the study period eighty employees were seen. The mean age was 34±6 years with a sex ratio of 1.66. The most common job titles were quality controller (35%) and logistics agent (17%). The median job seniority was 5 [2; 9] years. The occupational constraints reported were postural constraints (57.1%), followed by exposure to organic solvents (28.6%). Personal protective equipment was worn by 33.2% of employees. Vision abnormalities were detected in 30% of employees. Biological abnormalities were noted in 23.6% of cases. Eighty-three per cent of employees were declared fit to continue their usual professional activity. A modified workstation was indicated for two workers. A decision on fitness to work, with compliance health rules and biological monitoring, was taken in 17% of cases.

Discussion

AI employees represent a young population with no risk factors. They are exposed to occupational hazards, including chemicals and noise. Hence the need for different investigations.

Conclusion

PMS can make a major contribution to prevention in this young population and health promotion overall.
O-095 MECHANISMS OF CARCINOGENICITY OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES: INTEGRATION OF THE MECHANISTIC EVIDENCE IN THE IARC MONOGRAPHS OVERALL EVALUATION IN THE LAST 10 YEARS
Authors: El Ghissassi Fatiha , Benbrahim-Tallaa Lamia , de Conti Aline , Madia Federica
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Over the years, mechanistic data has become critical to the understanding of human cancer hazards. Their increasing prominence was reflected in the 2019 revision of the IARC Monographs Preamble, which has placed mechanistic evidence, through the application of the key characteristics (KCs) of human carcinogens, alongside evidence for cancer in humans and experimental animals in the integration of evidence. Here, the evolution on the use of this information is described in the evaluation of occupational exposures.

Methods

Occupational exposures such as, styrene/styrene oxide, night shift work, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, and recently occupational exposure as a firefighter and 2-bromopropane were examined based on the available studies, strength of the various KCs, and relevance of the associated endpoints across test systems.

Results

The evidence, as described by the 10 KCs, was supportive or strong and contributed substantially to the description of the mechanisms and the overall evaluation when the evidence from epidemiological studies was sufficient (for firefighting exposure), mainly limited or inadequate (for styrene oxide and 2-bromopropane), and it was sufficient for cancers in animal studies.

Discussion

Several KCs such as it is genotoxic, induces chronic inflammation and modulates receptor mediated effects or is immunosuppressive, for which the evaluation of mechanistic studies was consistent and coherent contributed to the overall evaluation of the occupational agents as IARC group 1 or Group 2A.

Conclusion

Mechanistic information is critical to the identification of carcinogenic hazard the KCs are a powerful tool that allow understanding further the mechanisms contributing to the carcinogenicity.
P-170 RAPIDLY PROGRESSIVE SILICOSIS IN INDUSTRIAL COBALT MINE WORKERS: TWO CASES FROM DR CONGO
Authors: Kitenge Joseph Pyana , Said-Hartley Qonita , Obadia Paul Musa , Mulaji Ida Kabeya , Ronsmans Steven , Jeebhay Mohamed , Nemery Benoit
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Silicosis remains the most important occupational lung disease worldwide. However, the condition is not often diagnosed, even in the Katangan Copperbelt, an area of intense mining in DR Congo.

Methods

We analysed the medical and occupational history of two patients with probable pneumoconiosis identified in a public hospital in Kolwezi, when preparing a case-control study into occupational respiratory disease.

Results

Patients X (23y) and Y (40y) were non-smoking men who had been admitted, in May 2023, with chronic cough, dyspnoea and chest pain and were treated for pulmonary tuberculosis (without bacteriological evidence in patient Y). Chest x-rays read according to the ILO International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses showed diffuse small round opacities (r/q; 3/2) with larger opacities (B) in the left upper zone in addition to background ground glass opacities in patient X; and small opacities (q/q; 2/2) and a larger opacity (A) next to the left heart border in patient Y. Both men had worked for three and four years as ore-crushing operators in industrial surface mines, with unprotected exposure to mineral dust, presumably rich in silica. Patient X died in acute respiratory failure in June 2023.

Discussion

These two cases of severe pneumoconiosis after only short but presumably high exposures to silica-containing dust reveal a hitherto poorly documented existence of silicosis (including silico-proteinosis and rapidly progressive silicosis) in the mining basin of Kolwezi, the “world capital of cobalt”.

Conclusion

Efforts must be done to protect worker health and develop awareness of occupational diseases in the mining areas of the DR Congo.
P-171 EVALUATION OF NEEDLE SAFETY CONTEST PROGRAM TO REDUCE NEEDLE STICK INJURY IN A PRIVATE HOSPITAL, INDONESIA
Authors: Siloam Yosia Efa , Sabarguna Boy , Pakasi Trevino
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Needle Stick Injury (NSI) is still a safety issue for all health workers. Our responsibility to be able to work in a safer environment. This study aims to evaluate the Needle Safety Contest program in reducing NSI.

Methods

This study is an evaluation program that used mixed methods. Quantitative data is the number of NSI compared to four months before and after the contest. Qualitative will deepen the causative problem, using Focus Group Discussion (FGD).

Results

Outcome Needle Safety Contest program was a 50% reduction or improvement in NSI prevalence per population at risk, from 1.6% to 0.8%, during the four months preceding and four months after the contest.

Discussion

There was a 50% decrease in NSI prevalence after the contest period. From the FGD, the causative NSI are recapping insulin needles; careless when suturing wounds, preparing blood sample, infusing patients, and injecting drugs into patients; misplaced needle or put needle not properly; modifying needles not suitable for the use; lack procedure of suture care; perform actions not according to clinical authority; less senior supervision, especially when doing invasive procedure.

Conclusion

Needle Safety Contest program succeeded in reducing the NSI prevalence in the post-contest period. NSI causative factors are recapping insulin needles, usually among shift workers and new staff; careless actions when doing invasive procedures; needles that are not suitable for the use; lack procedure of suture care; needles used not ideal with the process; less senior supervision.
O-100 HYBRID WORKING IN BELGIUM: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES – A MIXED METHOD STUDY
Authors: Helskens Helga , Van Hulst Koen , Duchamps Tilda
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Covid-19 accelerated the shift to hybrid working, bringing opportunities and challenges. Current research mainly focused on exploring employees’ and employers’ experiences. This study aimed to combine both in order to develop best practice examples.

Methods

Quantitative research using a self-constructed online questionnaire on employees’ experience of hybrid working, including both closed-ended questions, based on findings from previous studies, and open-ended questions, to explore challenges and opportunities not previously highlighted in the literature. Qualitative research using semi-structured interviews with employers and HR managers from different industries to assess best practices. Topics for semi-structured interviews were based on literature and experiences of prevention advisors psychosocial aspects. Participation was voluntary and informed consent was obtained.

Results

Major results on the experience from 67 employees of 44 organizations (both private and public sectors) include: more flexibility, better work-life balance, decrease in stress and fatigue, increase in concentration and productivity. Main success factors according to employers and HR managers (n=12) are: a policy in line with the organizational culture, involving all employees, transparent communication, providing the necessary resources, agreements at the team level, agreements around efficient meetings, supporting managers and employees, and investing in connectedness. Best practice examples were developed.

Discussion

This study combined both employees’ and employers’ experiences and perspectives, leading to best practice practical examples. Future research could be conducted on a larger scale to explore more in-depth specific needs and challenges.

Conclusion

Hybrid working implies continuous monitoring of employee experience and its effectiveness. Policies should be adjusted consequently to the changing work and societal environment.
P-174 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUPERVISORS’ WORK ENGAGEMENT AND THEIR SUPPORT TO SUBORDINATES: A TEXT MINING ANALYSIS IN A JAPANESE MANUFACTURING COMPANY
Authors: Sakai Kosuke , Nagata Tomohisa , Odagami Kiminori , Nagata Masako , Mori Takahiro , Mori Koji
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The aim of this study was to categorize the support provided by supervisors to their subordinates and ascertain the relationship between the degree of supervisors’ work engagement and the nature of their support.

Methods

We carried out a survey in a Japanese manufacturing company in 2022, utilizing open-ended questions regarding subordinates’ support. Text mining was employed to structure the responses into categories of supervisory support, which were subsequently contrasted based on different levels of supervisors’ work engagement.

Results

The study involved 729 participants, primarily male, in their 50s, employed in administrative roles, research and development, or production engineering. Supervisory support was structured into three categories (content of support, direction of support, and attitude toward support) and 11 subcategories. Frequently highlighted concepts included encouraging subordinates to take vacations and enhancing working conditions. Supervisors with high levels of work engagement showed a stronger focus on information retrieval, information transmission, and carefulness.

Discussion

Supervisors displaying high work engagement were found to engage in interactive communication and exhibit carefulness when providing support to their subordinates. Our findings elucidate the mechanisms of how work engagement contributes to supporting subordinates. However, due to the cross-sectional design and low response rate, these results should be generalized with caution.

Conclusion

Future studies are recommended to validate these findings across various industrial contexts and explore the causal links between supervisors’ work engagement and their support for subordinates.
P-182 A COMPARISON OF REFERRALS TO AN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT ACCORDING TO SOURCE
Authors: O’Mahony Eoin , Hogan Martin
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Occupational health nurses are often are the first point of contact for health related queries within a workplace and can initiate targeted health assessment where necessary. To my knowledge there is no empirical evidence to suggest that the presence of an occupational health nurse within an organisation facilitates early referral and management of work related illness. This study aims to determine whether the source of referral to the occupational health department is a relevant factor with regard to the early intervention and management of work related illnesses.

Methods

A content analysis of referral documents comparing occupational health nurse referrals and managerial referrals to an occupational health provider in Cork, Ireland, was performed over a 10 day period retrospectively. Data was anonymised and collated in an excel worksheet. Data was analysed using SPSS statistical software.“

Results

78 referrals for initial assessment in the occupational health department were identified. 28 referrals were excluded due to the absence of adequate referral documents. Referral source did not appear to be a significant variable with regard to whether the person was in work, the timing of referral since onset, the nature of illness, or whether the health issue was work related.

Discussion

This content analysis did not reveal any significant variation between nurse and managerial referrals to the occupational health department.

Conclusion

The findings of this study suggest that referrals to the occupational health department may be devolved to the appropriate line manager thereby allowing nurses to prioritise evidence based health interventions in an organisational setting.
P-183 PRE-EMPLOYMENT THROUGH QUESTIONNAIRE VERSUS DIRECT PHYSICAL CLINICAL ASSESSMENT
Authors: Sobeih (Shalabi) Omar
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Highly reliable organisations and companies are always interested to higher employees who are medically fit to be able to perform the required jobs.

Methods

There are standards for inclusion that include medical fitness. As such there are direct medical assessment versus questionnaire approaches.

Results and discussion

Experience will be shared that highlights the different pre-employment programs with emphasis on both the benefits and the drawbacks of the different approaches. Saudi Aramco and John’s Hopkins Pre-employment programs as examples will be shared. Both direct involvement and reviews will be highlighted. Medically fit employees will represent more engagement,more safety at work,more stability,highly productive,more chances for further training in addition to long time retaining of employment with more success and stability in the Organization.

Conclusion

The appropriate pre-employment medical will highlight the issues related to the different disabilities and the risk of jobs and as such will help in better planing for and accommodation of the disabled in the work force so the best of them and from them can be achieved.
O-110 THE EFFECT OF CLEANING PRODUCTS ON OCCUPANTS’ HEALTH
Authors: Salonen Heidi , Salthammer Tunga , Täubel Martin , Morawska Lidia
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The use of household cleaning products exposes occupants to various potentially hazardous chemicals that can impact human health. These products often include surfactants, acids/bases, carcinogens like chloroform, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. In this review study, our objective is to summarize the effects of commonly used cleaning products on human health in occupational and non-occupational environments.

Methods

To conduct this literature review, we performed searches in Google Scholar and PubMed using 18 search terms and their combinations. The search was restricted to scientific articles published between 2013 and 2023.

Results and discussion

Scientific evidence indicates that the chemicals present in cleaning agents, as well as the reactions caused by agents interacting with surfaces, can have detrimental effects on human health. Individuals with close or frequent contact with cleaning products are particularly susceptible to these effects. For example, occupational exposure to cleaning and disinfectant products has been linked to an increased risk of asthma and rhinitis. Further, exposure to cleaning products during pregnancy or in the first years of life has been associated with persistent wheezing in early childhood.

Conclusion

Epidemiological studies provide evidence of the adverse effect of exposure to cleaning products and disinfectants on respiratory health. These effects are observed not only in adults with close or frequent contact to cleaning products in occupational settings but also in relation to common exposures at home, especially during early life. To mitigate these adverse health effects, it is recommended to reduce exposure to harmful chemicals by developing safer cleaning methods both in occupational and home settings.
O-112 CHARACTERISTICS OF PRINTING SHOP PARTICLES AND THEIR HEALTH EFFECTS ON THE CARDIOPULMONARY SYSTEM
Authors: Wang Yun , Wang Hongbo , Lyu Lizhi , Li Zihui , He Langzhi
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Printers can release numerous particles to contaminate indoor environments and pose health risks.

Methods

To assess the health risks of printer operator, this study investigated the physicochemical properties of printer-emitted particles (PEPs) and their impact on cardiopulmonary system.

Results

The result showed that the concentration of PEPs in the printing shop was high and closely related to the printing workload. The particle sizes of PEPs were less than 900 nm, and 47.99% of PEPs was less than 200 nm. PEPs contained 68.92% organic carbon, 5.31% elemental carbon, 3.17% metal elements, and 22.60% other inorganic additives. Different printing equipment, printing setting, and environmental conditions can all affect the level of PEPs. Total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons levels were 131.08 ng/mg in PEPs. Following a 21 day whole-body inhalation exposure to PEPs, there was modest lung injury and inflammation in the respiratory tract, and obvious changes in left ventricular pressure and heart rate variability (HRV) in rats. Printing room workers with more than 10 years of working age presented the most significant cardiopulmonary function injury with increased blood pressure indices and decreased lung function indices.

Discussion and conclusion

A two-stage crossover study showed short-term exposure to printing shop particles can affect HRV parameters in healthy subjects, reflecting changes in cardiac autonomic nervous activity, and the use of an air purifier can reduce the concentration of PSPs and improve the autonomic nervous system activity of the exposed individuals. Our findings suggest PEPs may present significant health risks through adverse cardiopulmonary effects, especially in occupational settings, among susceptible individuals, and with long-term exposure.
O-113 OCULAR SYMPTOMS OF SICK BUILDING SYNDROME AMONG OFFICE WORKERS AT UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL: ASSOCIATIONS WITH INDOOR AIR QUALITY
Authors: Wangsan Kampanat , Surawattanasakul Vithawat , Sirikul Wachiranun , Sapbamrer Ratana , Panumasvivat Jinjuta , Assavanopakun Pheerasak , Muangkaew Supang
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) represents a significant health concern associated with indoor air quality. Among the various symptoms of SBS, ocular complications stand out as a major issue, particularly within office environments. This study aims to ascertain the prevalence and associated factors of ocular complications resulting from SBS among office workers in administrative offices at an academic medical institute.

Methods

This cross-sectional analytical study employed a self-reporting questionnaire to assess the characteristics of workers, their working conditions, and their perceptions of the workplace environment. Additionally, the study included a building assessment conducted through a walk-through survey and indoor air quality (IAQ) measurements.

Results

Out of the 290 office workers surveyed, 261 individuals (90%) from 25 offices within 11 buildings participated in the study. Among these participants, 71 (27.2%) reported experiencing ocular SBS symptoms. Factors associated with ocular SBS included: Computer screen usage (a OR 1.21) High air temperature (a OR 2.20) Low relative humidity (a OR 1.67) High total variable bacteria count (a OR 1.32) Elevated CO2 levels (a OR 1.04) Increased formaldehyde levels (a OR 5.90)

Discussion, Conclusion

This study revealed a higher prevalence of ocular SBS compared to previous research. Beyond poor IAQ, our findings suggest that computer screen usage may exacerbate ocular SBS. To prevent ocular SBS, we recommend controlling indoor air temperatures and relative humidity. Furthermore, addressing formaldehyde sources, as well as improving indoor ventilation systems to reduce formaldehyde and CO2 levels, should be considered. Implementing proper computer screen usage practices can also help reduce the incidence of ocular SBS.
P-191 INFLUENCE OF TASK-BASED AIRBORNE LEAD EXPOSURES ON BLOOD LEAD LEVELS: A CASE STUDY OF INFORMAL AUTOMOBILE REPAIR ARTISANS IN NAKURU TOWN, KENYA
Authors: Odongo Alfred Owino
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Lead poisoning is an emerging worldwide public health concern, especially in the developing countries. Occupational tasks such as spray painting and welding in informal automobile repair enterprises present risks of exposures to lead generally through inhalation and ingestion. The artisans therefore risk high blood lead (BPb) levels, which is critical to chronic adverse health effects of lead. The study aimed at assessing the influence of occupational tasks on personal airborne lead exposures and to evaluate the association between these exposures with blood lead (BPb) levels among the artisans

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in ten informal automobile repair workshops. Task-specific personal inhalable air samples and blood samples were collected concurrently for 20 participants performing five distinct occupational tasks. Lead levels were analysed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and data analysed by analysis of variance, simple and multiple linear regressions

Results

The results indicated significant differences in airborne lead (PbA) exposure levels in different occupational tasks (p=0.000). Lead–acid battery repairs recorded mean PbA exposure level of [76.11±(10.81SE)µg/m3] exceeding the WHO 50µg/m3 airborne lead permissible exposure limit. The average (PbA) exposure level was 22.55±(5.05SE)µg/m3, while the mean (BPb) level was 25.08±(3.48 SE)µg/dl. A significant positive correlation between task-based airborne lead with blood lead levels was observed (r=0.68,p=0.001)

Discussion and Conclusion

The occupational tasks influenced personal airborne lead exposure levels, which in turn was an important predictor of blood lead levels. The study recommends lead exposure assessments, medical screening and intervention measures to minimize the risk and consequences of occupational exposures to lead among the study population
O-114 SENSOR SYSTEMS FOR MONITORING AIRBORNE CHEMICALS IN WORKPLACES: LET’S MAKE CHEMICAL RISK VISIBLE
Authors: Tranfo Giovanna , Natale Corrado Di , Macagnano Antonella , Catini Alexandro , Gherardi Monica
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Occupational chemical exposure is generally low but chronic and peaks can occur: these can be the causes for occupational diseases.

Methods

Limits refer to average values during 8 hours, giving no idea of the peaks to which a worker is exposed during his shift. Existing sensors are mainly alarm devices, sensitive but not specific, while they should measure real time concentration of airborne chemicals in a sensitive, specific and quantitative way. The workplace atmosphere composition depends on the activities carried out, when and where. Suitable sensors should measure one substance independently from others, and resist to environmental interferences like dustiness, extreme temperatures and humidity, electromagnetic fields, falls and vibrations. The design of such sensor systems has been the objective of the INAIL research projects. Different sensors have been developed, having high affinity for different substances.

Results

The lesson learned is that we cannot answer the question “What is in the air?” using only one sensor, and also when using an array of sensors and their combinatorial selectivity, it is still difficult to identify the contaminants and in which exact amounts these are present in any time and point.

Discussion

A sensor system should be composed of an array of interchangeable sensors and it should be customizable for detecting the substances present in a specific workplace by means of machine learning, plus personal sensors that the workers can easily wear, subjected to the same space and time variability of the workers breathing zone.

Conclusion

Real time reading instruments make visible the exposure profile increasing risk perception and protecting worker health.
O-115 IDENTIFICATION OF THE MOST PREVALENT TOXIC EFFECT CLASSES OF AIRBORNE CHEMICALS MEASURED DURING INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE REGULATORY INSPECTIONS IN US WORKPLACES
Authors: Pomerleau Maude , Sarazin Philippe , Ho Vikki , Bosson-Rieutort Delphine , Lavoue Jerome
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Occupational exposure to multiple chemicals (multiexposures) is more frequent than exceptional. This project explores how multiexposures can be translated into potential toxic risks to workers’ health

Methods

Measurement data collected by U.S Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) inspectors were linked to the MiXie database, which identifies classes of toxic effects (n=24) for > 700 chemicals. The unit of analysis, a workplace situation (WS), corresponded to measurements taken for the same job title within a company within a year. Depending on the agents measured and detected, the relevant toxic effect classes from MiXie were attributed to each WS. Across all WSs, we identified the most prevalent classes and evaluated associations between classes using clustering approaches.

Results

The OSHA database included 340,837 personal detected measurements of 206 airborne chemicals from 123,964 WSs collected between 1971-2021. WSs had a median of 2 (1-218) measurements and 5 (1-20) toxic effect classes. The five toxic effect classes associated with the most WSs were Carcinogenicity and/or mutagenicity (60% of measurements), Central nervous system damage (58%), Lower airway damage (54%), Upper airway damage (53%), and Ocular damage (49%). Airway damage (upper/lower), Ocular damage and Skin damage classes were clustered.

Discussion

Although the OSHA database data is not representative of all occupational multiexposure situations in the US, its objectively-measured exposures allow the exploration of potential toxic effects in workers.

Conclusion

Our approach provides some insight into the additive toxic effects associated with multiexposures to frequently measured airborne chemicals in the US.
O-118 AIHA EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT STRATEGY AND THE USE OF STATISTICAL METHODS TO EVALUATE INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE EXPOSURES
Authors: Gruetzmacher George
Published: July 2024

Introduction and methods

The American Industrial Hygiene Association has developed an exposure assessment strategy and has emphasized the use of statistical methods for the evaluation of industrial hygiene sampling data.

Results

They have found that professional industrial hygienists have typically underestimated exposures, and encourage the use of both heuristics and mathematical methods to reduce professional bias. To support statistical analysis, they have provided free online analytical tools, and free online training.

Discussion

The strategy is an iterative approach, starting with simpler qualitative measures and advancing to more complex quantitative measures as necessary. The qualitative tools can be easily used by observation, and the quantitative tools can be implemented when industrial hygiene sampling can be conducted.

Conclusion

This presentation will review the strategy, then introduce and discuss the various tools available. By using a structured approach, and statistical analytical tools, industrial hygienists will be able to make more accurate exposure assessments. This will help identify elevated employee exposures, allow proper control targeting, and reduce the overall burden of occupational illness and disease.
P-193 FINER PARTICLES GENERATED FROM CARBON FIBER REINFORCED PLASTICS IN AN OCCUPATIONAL SETTING
Authors: Ikegami Akihiko , Kumoi Jun , Matsumi Yutaka , Fujitani Yuji , Ichihara Gaku , Yano Takeo , Ichihara Sahoko
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is a leading functional material with superior strength and low mass density compared to metal. Our previous factory site analyses have confirmed that the processing of CFRP generates fibrous debris and finer particles, from nano to micro sized particles, of various shapes. However, methods for real-time monitoring of worker exposure to finer particles with simple devices have limited.

Methods

The present interventional study was conducted at a factory located in Japan and evaluated debris of various particles from nano to micro sizes (nano-micro particles) generated during the industrial processing of CFRP using several real-time particle monitoring devices. In addition, personal exposure of workers was evaluated using a novel PM2.5-compatible device (P-sensor).

Results

It was confirmed that nano-micro particles were generated during grinding, cutting, and turning processing of CFRP by real-time particle monitoring devices; PM4 dust monitor, Optical Particle Counter (OPC), Condensation Particle Counter (CPC), NanoScan SMPS Nanoparticle Sizer (SMPS), and a novel P-sensor. Under conditions where many finer particles were generated, the P-sensor detected the generation of finer particles although PM4 dust monitor and OPC failed to detect them.

Discussion

Nano-micro particles generated from CFRP were detected with the nanoparticle-compatible devices; CPC and SMPS. Particle count recorded by the P-sensor showed the same change over time as recorded by the nanoparticle-compatible devices.

Conclusion

The novel P-sensor is a simple device to estimate personal exposure of workers and can be used to measure finer particles generated by CFRP processing in an occupational setting.
P-194 OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT TO RESPIRABLE DUST AND CRYSTALLINE SILICA FROM FLAX IN SCUTCHING FACTORIES, NORMANDY, FRANCE
Authors: Pompili Juliette , Le Goff Jérémie , Théophile Modena , Lecluse Yannick , Larnicol Déborah , Hellec-Magny Pascale , Jarriges Jean , Pierre Lebailly
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Crystalline silica has been recognized as a human lung carcinogen by the IARC in 1997 and in 2017 in Europe. Occupational exposure to silica can occur in many work environments and concerns flax fibers production in scutching factories. France is the first producer of flax worldwide with more than 8,000 farms in 2020 and scutching factories involve more than 1,500 workers

Methods

This study evaluated the day levels (year 2022-2023) of exposure to respirable dust and crystalline silica in 3 scutching factories in Normandy. Exposure were measured by personal sampling in the worker’s breathing zone (n=79), gravimetric quantification of respirable dust and crystalline silica determination with Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry.

Results

Crystalline silica was detected in 99% out of the 79 measures, ranging from 0.02 to 13.42 mg/m3 (median 0.19 mg/m3) and, for respirable dust from 0.41 to 24.57 mg/m3 (median 1.31 mg/m3). Besides, 66% of all measurements exceeded the current national occupational exposure limit of crystalline silica (0.1 mg/m3) and 37% were above the limit for respirable dust (3.5 mg/m3). Type of production site, position occupied, work activity and the seniority at the position influenced the level of exposure.

Discussion

This study provides original exposure data suggesting that some specific tasks are major component of exposure. Two other factories are currently included to further characterized determinants of exposure to allow primary prevention in this industry.

Conclusion

Results from this study indicated that workers at scutching factories are exposed to respirable dust and crystalline silica, potentially at levels above occupational exposure limits.