bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penggunaan Machine Learning untuk Mengidentifikasi Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis
Authors: Nur Indah Wirda , Dindin Sobiruddin  , Gelar Dwirahayu
Published: February 2025

Rendahnya kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik sangat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor baik itu faktor internal maupun faktor eksternal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terhadap kemampuan penalaran matematis peserta didik secara signifikan dan membuat model prediksi dari faktor-faktor yang teridentifikasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis menggunakan Machine learning software RapidMiner. Sample dalam penelitian ini yaitu peserta didik kelas XI di SMAN 9 Tangerang Selatan sebanyak 207 responden. Data yang terkumpul dari sample dibagi menjadi data training sebagai data uji coba dan data testing sebagai data untuk menguji hipotesis. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner terkait faktor-faktor belajar dan instrumen tes berupa butir soal uraian dengan indikator kemampuan penalaran matematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, dengan menggunakan analisis chi square ditunjukkan faktor yang paling signifikan mempengaruhi kemampuan penalaran adalah kemandirian belajar. Pada analisis data training perbandingan kinerja model algoritma yang paling baik kinerjanya adalah decision tree dengan nilai akurasi sebesar 81,93%, sehingga model ini dapat digunakan dalam memprediksi data testing untuk mengetahui keakuratan antara data aktual dengan data prediksi. Selanjutnya, dengan menggunakan data testing, nilai akurasi model algoritma decision tree menjadi 78,05%, sehingga terjadi overfitting sebesar 3,88%. Namun, overfitting tersebut tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan artinya kemungkinan besar belum menunjukkan overfitting yang parah. Jadi, kesimpulannya model algoritma decision tree ini cukup baik digunakan untuk menentukan faktor yang mempengaruhi kepada kemampuan penalaran matematis secara signifikan.
Pengaruh Model Kooperatif Tipe CIRC Berbasis Permasalahan Kontekstual terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Gustri Sinta Lestari  , Fatra Maifalinda , Muin Abdul
Published: February 2025

Rendahnya kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa disebabkan pemberian soal yang kurang kontekstual dan kurangnya keterlibatan siswa secara aktif menjadi latar belakang pada penelitian ini. Penelitian dilaksanakan di salah satu SMP Negeri di Tangerang Selatan pada semester ganjil Tahun ajaran 2024/2025. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai yakni menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran CIRC berbasis permasalahan kontekstual terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. Metode yang digunakan kuasi eksperimen dengan desain randomize control group posttest only. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Sampel dipilih melalui sistem undian sehingga terpilih dua kelas dari sepuluh kelas yang ada yakni kelas VIII-6 sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas VIII-10 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang masing-masing kelas berjumlah 36 siswa. Pengumpulan data kemampuan komunikasi matematis menggunakan instrumen tes berupa sepuluh butir esai yang telah diuji validitas, reliabilitas, daya pembeda, dan tingkat kesukarannya. Indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematis yang diteliti yakni written text, drawing, mathematical expressions. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan uji perbedaan rata-rata (uji-t). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang diajar dengan model CIRC berbasis permasalahan kontekstual lebih tinggi daripada kemampuan komunikasi matematis yang diajarkan dengan model konvensional. Penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran CIRC berbasis permasalah kontekstual.
МАЛЫЙ БИЗНЕС КАК ФАКТОР РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ВОСТОЧНО-КАЗАХСТАНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ КАЗАХСТАНА)
Authors: Ауезова К.Т. , Шаметова А.А. , Елемесов А.К.
Published: February 2025

Актуальность предлагаемой темы научной статьи связана с привлекательностью для развития такой формы функционирования субъекта рынка в условиях глобального экономического кризиса, как малый бизнес  и  его влияние на рост экономики регионов Казахстана.
Целью исследования является изучение динамики развития малого бизнеса и оценка его реальной роли в развитии экономики региона.    Малый бизнес в условиях цифровой экономики определил свою деловую активность, несмотря на введенные ограничения связанные с пандемией COVID-19, поскольку в нем задействована основная часть населения, реализующая свои бизнес идеи и приоритеты в части развития собственных предпринимательских инициатив и собственности для получения сопоставимого предпринимательского дохода. Для поддержания реализации малыми субъектами своих предпринимательских инициатив, а также обеспечения высокой занятости населения необходимо институту государства рассматривать развитие малого бизнеса с учетом специфики экономики регионов, позволяющие дать возможность повышение его производственного потенциала в контексте интеграции с субъектами крупного бизнеса.  Рассмотрены основные факторы экономики Восточного Казахстана региона, что позволять субъектам малого бизнеса оценить свои возможности и перспективы развития в конкурентной среде. Следовательно, выявлено, что малый бизнес напрямую обеспечивает рост Валового регионального продукта.
Research on Entity Recognition Method for Quality Standards of Concrete Prefabricated Components
Authors: Zhang Tingshu , Tu Ming , Wang Gefan , Chen Bingyong , Zhao Yishi , Shang Jianga
Published: February 2025

In recent years, the country has released a large number of standard documents related to prefabricated concrete components. Due to the dispersion and complexity of these standards, it is difficult for industry managers to implement them. Therefore, it is imperative to establish a knowledge graph in the field of quality standards for precast concrete components to achieve knowledge management. The construction of knowledge graph first requires named entity recognition, but due to the specificity of the construction industry, entity recognition of the text in this field still suffers from the problems of low recognition accuracy and high resource consumption. Aiming at the low recognition accuracy and high resource consumption in named entity recognition due to the specificity of the industry, this paper proposes a named entity recognition model ALBERT-BiLSTM-SA-CRF for the field of precast concrete component quality standard, which can capture the full text and local feature information more effectively through the combination of BiLSTM and self-attention mechanism, and accurately recognize entities in the standard. Meanwhile, using ALBERT as the word embedding layer can play the role of reducing resource consumption and improving processing efficiency.
Helmet Detection Algorithm Based on Lightweight Model and Attention Mechanism
Authors: Huang Bo , Lv Guorui , Guo Zichuan , Li Wenqing , Ye Qing
Published: February 2025

The detection algorithm can greatly improve the safety of construction workers under the background of construction sites and ensure the personal safety of construction workers. In this paper, the detection algorithm of helmet wearing is studied. YOLOv5 model is adopted as the core algorithm for personnel helmet wearing detection, and the lightweight model GHOST and attention mechanism CBAM are added to improve the original algorithm for construction scenarios. The lightweight model GHOST is a lightweight model used to reduce the computational load of convolutional neural networks. Attention mechanism CBAM used to amplify the receptive field of convolutional neural networks. Due to many dangerous factors, emergencies may occur at any time in the construction scene. Efficient and reliable personnel helmet wearing can further improve the operational efficiency and detection accuracy by using the attention mechanism. The algorithm has good performance in accuracy and robustness, and has high detection accuracy and good adaptability.
A Method for Calculating the Life Cycle Carbon Footprints of Smartphones Driven by Scenarios
Authors: Tian Lei , Guo Yaning , Song Yuhan
Published: February 2025

The disposal of used smartphones has become an increasingly severe environmental problem, which are not only huge in quantities, but also contain harmful elements and scarce resources. There is an urgent need for effective management strategies to reduce the potential smartphones’ environment impacts. A new Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) model, covering five phases of “production, transportation, distribution, usage and recycling” was constructed for quantification of the carbon footprint 5G smartphones. Based on the usage and recycling scenarios of 5G smartphones taken by the youth, adult and elderly users in China, the results of carbon footprints of smartphones from cradle to cradle were compared, which depend more on recycling pattern. Repurposing of smartphone is the best way to reduce the environmental impact. and secondly use of replacement parts can bring a certain carbon offset, while leaving the used devices idle are the worst. Results of the analysis reveal that functional transformation and reuse represents a strategic choice of circular economy with more environmental advantages. Recycling pattern and the reuse ratio of disassembled parts determine the carbon footprint of smartphones, and promoting the repurposing of used devices within the household is much more helpful to improve the carbon footprint of smartphones.
Automated Document Generation for Power Infrastructure: An AI-Powered System Using Large Language Models
Authors: Guo Jiannan , Wu Lei , Li Yang , Li Yan , Wang Zhenli , Han Yuankai , Liu Guangxiu , Zhou Zhenzhen , Yuan Hong
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming a transformative force driving technological revolutions and industrial upgrades, marking an advanced phase of digital transformation across enterprises. The power industry, like many others, recognizes the immense potential of next-generation AI, such as large language models like ChatGPT, to revolutionize production methods and management frameworks. However, the integration of AI within power infrastructure still faces significant challenges, particularly in achieving deep integration and realizing scalable benefits. This research addresses these gaps by enhancing the integration of AI into core business processes, ultimately facilitating the large-scale digital transformation of power grids. As part of this effort, we have developed an automatic construction document generation tool powered by a large language model. This tool significantly reduces the workload for power infrastructure professionals, enhances grassroots productivity, and accelerates the development of an intelligent and efficient power system.
Innovative Application of Digital Twin in Converter Station AC Filters
Authors: Zhou Fan , Huang Yaoling , Wang Zhe , Rao Honglin , Wan Quan
Published: February 2025

With the increasing complexity and demand of modern power systems, traditional methods of managing AC filters are facing challenges, highlighting the need for innovative solutions. Digital Twin technology, which creates a virtual replica of the physical system, offers real-time monitoring, prediction, and optimization of equipment performance. This study explores the application of Digital Twin technology in AC filters, aiming to optimize their design, monitoring, and maintenance, thereby enhancing the power system’s overall performance and stability. The AC/DC Filter Equipment Digital Twin Platform implements a comprehensive management system based on modern requirements, DC professional equipment platforms, and related technical standards. This system covers full data, scenarios, processes, lifespan, business, and knowledge, aiming to deepen the application and construction of equipment management. The integration of Digital Twin technology represents a significant step forward in achieving optimal performance and reliability of AC filters, paving the way for a smarter, more efficient, and reliable power grid.
Laser Fiber Double Mach-Zehnder Sensor Cable Vibration Monitoring System
Authors: Bu Tianlong , Wang Yongguang , Zhang Dapei , Kou Hanpeng , Chen Xuefeng , Yang Yuxin
Published: February 2025

Natural disasters Gale weather or cable icing will cause irregular vibration of the cable, which will cause potential harm to the safety of the power tower and the strength of the cable structure. The two-end fiber Mach-Zehnder optical path technology is used to develop the cable vibration sensor to realize long-distance, large-scale and multi-dimensional online monitoring and structural safety early warning. The detector is constructed with thin-wall sensitized cable sleeve, and the laser fiber Mach-Zehnder coherent optical path is built with high-sensitivity fine fiber and coupler. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer is very sensitive to vibration signals, and the interferometer is packaged into a specific metal shell to realize the packaging and integration of the vibration monitoring sensor. The laser fiber sensor optical system has high sensitivity. Advantages of high signal-to-noise ratio. The finite element analysis shows that the natural frequency is 106.77Hz, which is only 1.65% error with the experimental data. The experimental results show that the relative sensitivity of the detector is 41.25∼66.78dB re rad/g in the range of 0-140Hz, which confirms its high sensitivity to the detection of vibration signals.
On the Mathematical Principles of Image Transmission
Authors: Liu Hong , Cheng Manman
Published: February 2025

e recognition and transmission of images have made breakthrough progress with the support of neural networks, but there are still many unknowns about the mechanism of image transmission. This paper proposes the theory of aberration and pressure, which initially reveals the mathematical principles of image recognition and transmission. It not only puts forward the corresponding concepts but also analyzes the mathematical formulas of aberration and pressure, image entropy, and image representation. In particular, it compensates for some structural defects in current image recognition and transmission, such as the difficulties in image recognition caused by occlusion and deformation, and promotes the research on image transmission.
Empowering IT-Supported Research Management: Leveraging Data Science Methods for Informed Decisions
Authors: Azeroual Otmane
Published: February 2025

In today’s landscape of research management, the integration of Information Technology (IT) methods and data science has emerged as a powerful paradigm for enhancing decision-making processes. This paper examines the central role of IT-supported research management, such as Research Information Systems (RIS), in leveraging data science methods for informed decision-making. It addresses the importance of integrating IT infrastructure with advanced analytical techniques to enable data-driven insights and optimize research management strategies. Through a comprehensive review of relevant literature and case studies, this paper elucidates how RIS enables organizations to harness the full potential of data science methods for improved decision support across various facets of research activities. Additionally, it discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with this integration and provides insights into future directions for advancing IT-supported research management practices.
Exploring Digital Transformation in the Grain Supply Chain: A Case Study of the Lu Liang Group
Authors: Zhang Kaili , Zhang Xicai
Published: February 2025

Amid the trend of global economic integration and digitalization, the stability and sustainability of the food supply chain have become a focal point of concern for many. Governments worldwide are promoting the digital transformation of the food supply chain to enhance operational efficiency, strengthen system resilience, and ensure food safety. The use of digital tools has significantly improved the supply chain’s response time, providing the flexibility needed to adapt quickly to market fluctuations and potential shocks. However, the digitalization of the food supply chain also faces a series of challenges. This article delves into the patterns of digital transformation, using the Lu Liang Group as a case study to analyze its rationality and feasibility. Through the analysis of the Lu Liang Group, the article aims to provide valuable experience and reference for other companies in the same industry to optimize their supply chain management and play a greater role in the global food security system.
Research on the Impact of Digital Transformation on the Resilience of Cross-Border Agricultural Product Supply Chains – Based on a Grounded Analysis of Durian Import and Export Trade
Authors: Jin Haishui , Yang Qian
Published: February 2025

Digital transformation and development is a national development strategy. Through digital development, enterprises can make full use of resources in a complex and changing external environment, improve the resilience of their supply chains, and effectively cope with exceptional risks. Through rooted analysis, this paper analyzes cross-border durian foreign trade enterprises, and draws three core categories of digital transformation and development, intelligent operation, and supply chain resilience, and makes clear the internal logical correlation between the three: Based on the development of digital transformation, enterprises can realize intelligent operation. Through these two stages, enterprises can use resources more efficiently, prevent risks, and enhance the resilience of enterprise supply chain.
Research on the Mechanism of Digital Transformation’s Impact on Firm Value – Moderating Effects Based on Economic Policy Uncertainty
Authors: Wang Liyong
Published: February 2025

Selecting a sample of 1,284 listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares from 2007 to 2020, the article explores the impact of digital transformation on firm value and further examines the moderating role of economic policy uncertainty in the development process of digital transformation. Digital transformation promotes enterprise value through the transmission of operating cost mechanism and financing constraint mechanism. Therefore, digital transformation should be vigorously promoted, environmental regulation should be improved, and the construction of digital infrastructure and environmental policies should be facilitated to help achieve the ‘dual carbon’ goal.
The Effect of Pay Satisfaction on Turnover Propensity of Technical Employees in Internet Enterprises in China
Authors: Xie Jinqiang , Fu Liru , Tian Yanjie , Hou Zhuo
Published: February 2025

With the rapid expansion and development of the Internet, there are more and more Internet companies, and the competition among enterprises is becoming more and more intense. The Internet industry is intellectually intensive, and the core competitiveness of Internet companies is their skilled employees. This article comprehensively analyzes the current research results of correlation between the salary satisfaction degree and the turnover intention, provides ideas and theoretical basis for the research and puts forward the relevant hypotheses through domestic and foreign related literature summary. Taking technical employees of Internet enterprises as samples, the four dimensions of salary satisfaction are verified by factor analysis. Based on the characteristics of technical employees, combined with demographic variables, the effects of the four dimensions of pay level, pay increase, benefit level, and non-economic compensation on the propensity to leave are analyzed, and it is found that non-economic compensation and pay increase have a significant predictive effect on the propensity to leave. Therefore, Internet companies should improve technical employees’ salary satisfaction and reduce the tendency to leave by improving the satisfaction of non-economic compensation, formulating a clear and reasonable salary increase system, strengthening salary communication and other comprehensive measures.
Inclusive Eduation Policy in Austria and Nepal: Developments and Challenges for an Inclusive School System
Authors: Paudel Florentine , Subasi Singh Seyda , Gautam Suresh
Published: February 2025

This study aims to bridge a significant research gap by comparing the implementation of inclusive education policies in Austria and Nepal, two countries with differing socio-political contexts but shared commitments to international frameworks, such as the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Despite the global emphasis on inclusive education, there is limited comparative analysis exploring how national policies are adapted and implemented in diverse settings. This study analyses the developments and challenges both countries face in their pursuit of inclusive education, shedding light on the policy frameworks, teacher training reforms, and systemic barriers. Using qualitative content analysis based on the Mayring method, policy documents, government reports, and educational frameworks from both Austria and Nepal were examined. The analysis identifies key historical milestones and current efforts toward achieving inclusive education in each country. The findings reveal that while Austria has made significant strides in teacher training and policy adaptation, its education system remains partially segregated. In contrast, Nepal has focused on systemic reforms but struggles with inadequate resources and infrastructure for full implementation. The study highlights the necessity for both countries to align national policies more effectively with international recommendations, particularly in the areas of teacher preparedness and inclusive infrastructure.
Pricing, Capacity and Estimated Wait Times Decisions in the Ride-Hailing
Authors: Yang Jie , Wang Zeyu , Wang Di
Published: February 2025

In recent years, the ride-hailing platform enables the passengers to request a ride from a private vehicle driven by a non-commercially licensed driver and provides them the information of estimated wait times (EWT). These EWT announcements significantly affect the service experience. However, it is unclear whether the drivers or the platform is more appropriate to determine the EWT in the ride-hailing service for gaining more profit for the platform and drivers. In this pursuit, the present study envisaged the development of two models, i.e., the platform set EWT (Model P) and drivers set EWT (Model D) by combining the decisions about capacity and price. We formulated the model as a leader-follower game and obtained Stackelberg equilibrium solutions. Our results show that the platform should pay attention to the capacity cost. The high-capacity cost aggravates the cost burden of the platform in Model (P); therefore, the platform should entitle more autonomy to the drivers for decreasing the total cost. If the platform sets a shorter EWT than the drivers, Model (P) can be considered as a more favorable choice for both players. When the EWT decision of the platform is moderately longer than the EWT decision of drivers, the platform entitles drivers to determine the EWT, which generates a win-win situation.
Question of AITO Marketing Strategy Analysis
Authors: Chen Zhi , Zhang Yan
Published: February 2025

With the improvement of people’s awareness of environmental protection, low-carbon environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction, green travel and so on have become a new way of life. In recent years, the new energy vehicle market gradually emerged, each big factory began to invest in the competition in the field of new energy, the competition is gradually white-hot, domestic brands BYD, Geely and other quickly force to occupy the main market, and Huawei and Xiaomi and other digital manufacturers also joined this track. This paper mainly focuses on the research perspective of Huawei and Cyrus, discusses why it can become a rising star and a dark horse in the field of new energy, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages, and compares the differences with other brands from the perspective of marketing. This paper is committed to answering the main marketing strategies of AITOs success, providing strategic reference for other brands, summarizing the defects and loopholes in marketing planning, and providing new ideas and new methods for the new generation of AITO.
A Fuzzy Control Strategy Based on PI2 for Semi-Active Suspension
Authors: Qin Gen , Zhou Yongliang , Li Shichao , Huang Zhiyi , Zeng Xiaoyu
Published: February 2025

Many studies have used fuzzy control strategies to control semi-active suspensions. The conventional fuzzy control strategy depends on the designer’s experience, and it is difficult to find the optimal control parameters. This paper uses the reinforcement learning algorithm PI2 (Policy Improvement with Path Integrals) to optimize the membership function parameters. Through simulation, this method is more effective than conventional fuzzy control strategy in reducing the body vertical acceleration and dynamic deflection of suspension.
The Hard Problems of AI
Authors: Tiuninas Olegas Algirdas
Published: February 2025

There is currently an enlivened debate regarding the possibility of AI consciousness and/or sentience, as well as arguably more partial capabilities we associate with consciousness such as intelligence or creativity. The debate itself can be traced back to the inception of computing, but its current revitalisation is powered by recent advancements in the field of artificial intelligence that saw a swift increase in its capabilities to act in seemingly human-like ways. I argue that the debate is methodologically flawed, as it approaches the question of AI consciousness, intelligence etc. as a decidable question dealing with matters of fact. Those engaged in the debate are driven by a desire to find a suitable definition of e.g. consciousness that would allow them to definitively settle the question of whether a particular AI system is conscious. However, drawing on Ludwig Wittgenstein’s later philosophy, I argue that no such definition exists, because the predicates in question are inherently vague (meaning that any verdicts they yield are bound to be vague, too). Moreover, the impression that we might be dealing with directly unobservable matters of fact is itself a flawed generalisation of the practice of observation reports to the practice of sensation reports[1]. In reality, third-person consciousness (sentience, agency etc.) attributions are independent of a stipulated internal process happening inside those persons (or systems, in the case of AI). Therefore, the only sense in which the question of e.g. AI consciousness can be meaningfully asked is a pragmatic sense: what is it best to _think of such systems as? _But this question is subject so sociological and psychological factors, not conceptual ones. Therefore it cannot be decided by the aforementioned strategies.
Genomic Testing of Clark's Theory of the British Industrial Revolution: A Note on Statistical Accuracy and Power
Authors: Connor Gregory
Published: February 2025

Clark[1][2] hypothesizes that the British Industrial Revolution was partly caused by a gradual evolution in the frequency distribution of genetic variants associated with intelligence and related phenotypes within the British population. Clark's theory can be tested rigorously by examining the time-series trend of average polygenic index scores on intelligence-related phenotypes, using genotyped DNA from human skeletal remains. This note discusses various time-series statistical methods for such a study and uses Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate statistical power and estimation accuracy for feasible sample sizes.
Pojęcie transdyscyplinarne ‘atraktory samooceny’ w świetle teorii mieszanin pojęciowych. Analiza kognitywno-semantyczna.
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Bajerowska Anna
Published: February 2025

Analysing cognitive-semantic foundations of concepts resulting from transdisciplinary modeling
is indispensable to explore the linguistic manifestations of cognitive and generative potential they open up.
This paper attempts to reconstruct conceptual relations within the concept attractors of self-evaluation emerg-
ing from the interface between psychology and dynamic systems theory. The analysis is based on conceptual
blending theory. The genesis of the concept has been demonstrated, comprising a detailed description of anal-
ogies and other logical relationships which made transdisciplinary modeling possible. Cross-space mapping
between the regulation of the stream of self-awareness by the emergence of thoughts about oneself and at-
tractors stabilizing the dynamics of complex systems has been interpreted on the basis of conceptual blending
rules. According to the results of the analysis, the mutual influence between metaphorical (cross-domain) and
non-metaphorical (natural) conceptual mapping is of great importance, as well as the extent, to which frames
organising structures of both inputs are compatible with each other
Compromise kinetic-fluid model of electrons dynamics in electric propulsion devices with closed electrons drift as an alternative to the hybrid PIC-Fluid method
Authors: Nesterenko Serhii , Zhihao Huang , Roshanpour Shahram
Published: February 2025

Electric propulsion devices with closed electron drift include Hall effect thrusters, plasma-ion thrusters with a radial magnetic field, and helicon thrusters, which are sources of plasma, ions, and electrons. Within the framework of the hybrid PIC-Fluid method for calculating a Hall effect thruster, which has been actively replicated in recent decades, the level of detail in the PIC unit does not correspond to the criterion of substance continuity, and the fragmentary set of equations in the Fluid unit does not contain several terms necessary for the calculation and indicates a profound misunderstanding of the origin and limits of applicability of the equations and the true nature of the processes. The calculation of ionization characteristics, the height of the potential barrier at the plasma boundary, the electrons and ions, and their energy fluxes to the surface of the thruster chamber is carried out using a Maxwell distribution, the conditions for the formation of which did not correspond to the realities in the rarefied plasma of electric propulsion devices. The closeness of the calculated integral characteristics to the measured ones is achieved using empirical coefficients with a difference of tens of times in different publications with a complete inability to predict the characteristics of samples of electric propulsion devices that have not yet been developed and tested. In this paper, a compromise method is proposed, the possibility of which is due to the closeness of the electron velocity distribution to isotropic due to the influence of a strong magnetic field and non-specular reflection of electrons from the potential barrier at the plasma boundary. The method operates with the angular moments of the distribution function without integrating the components of the kinetic equation by the velocity module. To calculate the densities of mass, momentum, energy, and their fluxes considering dissipative processes, it is sufficient to determine the angular moments of the second and third orders, the traces of which include the moments of the zero and first orders, respectively. Equations of angular moments are given as intermediates between the kinetic equation and the velocity distribution function moments equations. The expansion of the velocity distribution function in a series of angular moments is recorded. Calculations have been performed that show sufficient agreement with the known measurement results and a significant difference in the characteristics of the Langmuir layer and plasma at the boundary with it from those found using the Maxwell distribution. The use of the obtained results allows us to significantly increase the accuracy of predicting the thruster parameters and thereby reduce the volume of costly experiments to optimize their characteristics.
Гейміфікація при вивченні небесної механіки за допомогою Kerbal Space Program
Authors: Ponomarenko Pavlo
Published: February 2025

The rapid development of technologies and their implementation in the educational process provide an opportunity to apply gamification, that is, the use of game mechanics and elements for in-depth study of a complex technical discipline. Computer games such as Kerbal Space Program (KSP) have already created an environment where students can comprehend and practically apply the theory of space mechanics with a sense of challenge and reward. The use of gamification in the learning process has many advantages: improving academic performance, developing interaction between students, and increasing interest in technical sciences. The subject of this study is  the capabilities and processes of the KSP game. The object of this research is the process and means of gamification in the study of celestial mechanics. The aim of this work is to study the possibilities, limitations, and prospects of using Kerbal Space Program in the gamification of the study of the basic concepts of celestial mechanics. The implementation of the stated research goal involves solving the following tasks: analyzing the ability of KSP to implement certain celestial mechanics; studying the prospects of KSP in teaching the basic concepts of celestial mechanics through game mechanics; study of the correspondence of the game physical model to real physical processes; and identification of limitations and prospects for the use of gamification through KSP for educational purposes. This study used the system analysis method of computer gamification tools. The following results were obtained in the course of the study: during the comprehensive analysis of KSP, it was established that the game complies with the basic laws of celestial mechanics and is capable of fairly accurately modeling orbital motion, maneuvers, gravitational phenomena, etc.; the main limitations and prospects for the use of KSP in the educational process were outlined. Conclusions: the study demonstrates that KSP implements the basic principles of celestial mechanics and provides tools for the practical mastery of complex concepts by students. This study shows the significant potential of the game, which allows significantly expanding educational opportunities in the study of celestial mechanics, and the interactive format of the game allows students to learn complex physical phenomena and concepts in an accessible and visual way.
The Synergistic Impact of Artificial Intelligence on DevOps: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kowshik Sakinala
Published: February 2025

This article explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on DevOps practices, examining how AI-driven innovations are revolutionizing software development and operations. It delves into key areas where AI is making significant contributions, including AI-assisted development, predictive pipeline management, and enhanced security measures. The article discusses how AI-powered tools are augmenting human capabilities in coding, automating workflow management, and providing real-time threat detection and remediation. Through case studies in the financial services and e-commerce sectors, the article illustrates the real-world applications and benefits of AI integration in DevOps. It also addresses the challenges and limitations of AI adoption, such as potential biases and the need for continuous learning. The discussion concludes with an outlook on prospects, highlighting the evolving landscape of human-AI collaboration in DevOps and the potential for AI to take on more complex roles in software development processes. Overall, this comprehensive article review underscores the pivotal role of AI in driving efficiency, reliability, and innovation in modern software delivery practices, while emphasizing the continued importance of human expertise in guiding these technological advancements.
JSC ROSSELKHOZBANK AS A TOOL FOR ACHIEVING TECHNOLOGICAL LEADERSHIP OF THE DOMESTIC AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors: Nechaev Vasilii Ivanovich
Published: February 2025

In accordance with the Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 20, 2023 No. 1315-r, technological leadership is understood as the superiority of technologies and (or) products in terms of key parameters (functional, technical, cost) over foreign analogues. The article is devoted to the transfer of the domestic agro-industrial complex to the trajectory of technological leadership, with the help of such an institution as JSC Rosselkhozbank (hereinafter also referred to as the bank), which is designed at the state level to promote the development of the manufacturing sector, rural areas, agricultural science and scientific and technological progress in the industry. It is noted that achieving new horizons for the development of the innovation cycle in agricultural production is possible only by creating a new model of interaction between the bank and scientific and educational institutions of the agricultural profile, based on the principles of managing the implementation of "end-to-end" projects with the provision of timely financing at each stage of their implementation in order to solve the general task of transferring advanced technologies to the agricultural sector of the country's economy. JSC Rosselkhozbank is the main credit institution in the agro-industrial complex, which increased the issuance of investment loans from RUB 269 billion to RUB 500 billion, or 1.9 times, in the period from 2019 to 2023 alone. It is shown that the bank finances the agricultural sector in 5 areas: seasonal field work, production modernization, project financing, financing of small agribusiness and support for agricultural exporters. An analysis of the main areas of financing the agricultural business, as well as the concept of "RSHB - more than a bank", aimed at solving industry problems, priorities and is carried out not only through traditional banking services, but also on the basis of digital services and offline projects. Additional measures to improve the activities of JSC Rosselkhozbank have been developed and proposed for implementation, which will ensure technological leadership of the domestic agro-industrial complex.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL FACTORS
Authors: Sitdikova Landysh Faritovna
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the sustainability of development of the agro-food complex of the Russian regions in the conditions of modern challenges associated with sanctions restrictions on the part of unfriendly countries. The purpose of the study is to identify the key factors that determine the resilience of agrarian systems to economic challenges and assess the effectiveness of regional strategies for their development. In the course of the study, the development of the agrarian sector of the economy was analyzed in order to compare the level of influence of external economic factors, including sanctions, on the development of the agro-food complex of two regions: the Republic of Tatarstan, which is under sanctions pressure, and the Republic of Kazakhstan, which is not directly affected by sanctions. Significant fluctuations in the volumetric indicators of agricultural production in both regions have been revealed, instability in the development of the agricultural sector, its vulnerability to the impact of external and internal factors, the invariability of development trends both in the case of sanctions and without them have been determined. The absence of direct impact of sanctions on the dynamics of development of the agricultural sector, on the foreign economic activity of enterprises of the agro-food complex has been established. It is concluded that the sustainability of development of the agricultural sector depends not so much on the presence or absence of sanctions as on the ability to adapt to economic challenges, effectively use internal resources and management decisions on diversification and optimization of production.
Going beyond facts: Developing conceptual understanding in young historians
Authors: Seet Candice Yvette Siew Yan , Teo See Hian , Yeo Amelia Jiaxin
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the merits of the intentional use of conceptual lenses that spirals across the four years of a student’s secondary-level History education to develop conceptual understandings and powerful knowledge. By developing a concept-driven set of inquiry tasks that spans across levels, it allows repeated engagement with familiar first and second order concepts, and opportunities for students to deepen their understanding.
Towards transformative pedagogies for sustainability education
Authors: Tan Qian Hui , Seow Tricia
Published: February 2025

Sustainability education should not only strive for pedagogical excellence, but also the formulation of transformative pedagogies. Whereas sustainability education denotes the transmission of sustainability-related content, the pedagogical or praxis-oriented dimension of sustainability education involves the curation of a conducive learning environment supported by an educator’s teaching philosophy (Hegarty and Holdsworth 2015; Taimur 2020). For instance, the Sustainability Learning Lab at NIE has devised signature pedagogies for sustainability education that are informed by a critical philosophy and actualised vis-a-vis a three pronged approach, that of (i) inquiry-based learning (with a focus on taking action), (ii) place-based learning (including field work and/or field-based learning) and (iii) technologically-enabled learning (through the use of, for example, Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing).
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ КОМОРБІДНОГО ПЕРЕБІГУ ХРОНІЧНОГО ОБСТРУКТИВНОГО ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯ ЛЕГЕНЬ
Authors: Марущак Марія Іванівна , Семерез Олександр Володимирович , Сабадишин Ростислав Олексійович , Литвин Ігор Леонтійович , Мялюк Оксана Петрівна
Published: February 2025

Супутні захворювання негативно впливають на прогноз, симптоми та якість життя пацієнтів із хронічним обструктивним захворюванням легень (ХОЗЛ). Відповідно до рекомендацій Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), ХОЗЛ є поширеним захворюванням, якому можна запобігти та вилікувати, що характеризується постійними респіраторними симптомами та обмеженням повітряного потоку внаслідок аномалій дихальних шляхів та/або альвеол, які зазвичай спричинені через значний вплив шкідливих частинок або газів. Як відомо з наукових публікацій, найбільш поширеними супутніми захворюваннями для ХОЗЛ є метаболічні розлади, як-от: артеріальна гіпертензія (51%), дисліпідемія (36%), цукровий діабет (24%), абдомінальне ожиріння (15%). Серцево-судинні захворювання (ССЗ) є, мабуть, найважливішими супутніми захворюваннями за ХОЗЛ. Хронічне запалення, пов’язане з ХОЗЛ, сприяє утворенню та прогресуванню атеросклеротичної бляшки, яка в періоди гострої запальної стимуляції, зокрема інфекції дихальних шляхів або ХОЗЛ, розривається та спричиняє гострий серцево-судинний розлад. Ремоделювання легеневої артерії спостерігається на ранніх стадіях ХОЗЛ і призводить до легеневої гіпертензії (ЛГ). Це ремоделювання є наслідком ендотеліальної дисфункції та коагулопатії, а також специфічних для легенів механізмів, як-от гіпоксична вазоконстрикція, руйнування легеневого капілярного русла емфіземою, спричиненою курінням, запальною інфільтрацією судинної стінки та напругою зсуву внаслідок перерозподілу кровообігу. Майже 30% пацієнтів із ХОЗЛ мають один або більше компонентів метаболічного синдрому, включаючи абдомінальне ожиріння, дисліпідемію, гіпертензію та гіперглікемію, що погіршує прогноз. Депресія і тривожні розлади в два-три рази частіше зустрічаються в людей з хронічними захворюваннями, включаючи ХОЗЛ, ніж у людей без хронічних фізичних захворювань. Отже, супутні захворювання ускладнюють розвиток та лікування ХОЗЛ, тому необхідно приділяти більше уваги цьому питанню як у клінічних, так і в дослідницьких умовах.
ЕТИЧНІ СТАНДАРТИ МОРАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗУ ДЕРЖАВНОГО СЛУЖБОВЦЯ
Authors: Лєнь Т. В.
Published: February 2025

У представленій статті досліджується співвідношення етичних стандартів та морального образу державного службовця. Зауважено, що моральний образ державного службовця формується на основі етичних стандартів, які відображають основні моральні принципи та правила поведінки державних службовців, які сприяють запобіганню корупції, підвищенню ефективності управління та забезпеченню об’єктивності управлінських рішень. Підкреслено, що історичний розвиток етичних стандартів свідчить, що моральна відповідальність державних службовців завжди була важливою для суспільного блага, а їхня реалізація та ефективність залежать від конкретних соціальних, культурних та правових умов у кожній країні. Визначено, що співвідношення етичних стандартів та морального образу державного службовця полягає у наступному: етичні стандарти задають рамки поведінки державного службовця, спрямовані на забезпечення довіри громадян і підвищення ефективності державного управління, а моральний образ формується як суспільна оцінка дотримання службовцем цих стандартів і відображає його доброчесність та професіоналізм. Акцентовано, що загальними етичними стандартами державних службовців є повага до прав і свобод людини, неупередженість та об’єктивність, відданість державі та служіння суспільству, чесність та прозорість діяльності, відповідальність за свої дії, професіоналізм та компетентність, лояльність і колективна етика, утримання від політичної за ангажованості, захист інформації, гуманізм та емпатія та ін. Зауважено, що порушення етичних стандартів тягне за собою для морального образу державного службовця такі наслідки, як: втрата довіри громадян, зниження авторитету в професійному середовищі, підрив репутації державної служби та репутаційні втрати для України на міжнародній арені, зростання ризику виникнення корупційних проявів, а в умовах російсько-української війни призводить до загроза оборотоздатності країни, послаблення соціальної стабільності та економічної безпеки, створення перешкод у гуманітарній діяльності, ослаблення правопорядку, зниження морального духу населення і військових та ін. Визначено, що моральний образ «ідеального державного службовця» в умовах сучасних викликів в т.ч. охоплює патріотизм, доброчесність, прозорість дій та відповідальність за свої рішення, а формування таких якостей потребує постійного вдосконалення системи етичних стандартів та посилення їх дотримання для зміцнення довіри громадян і сталого розвитку державного управління.