bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Selection of Coordinate System of "Multi-conformity"
Authors: Lei Yong , Wang Lihui , Chen Zhu , Ren Chuanjian , Wang Zhihong
Published: July 2020

Multi-conformity is an inevitable trend of urban construction and development. The appropriate coordinate system is chosen with side length projection calculation and treatment of deformation in the area of large deformation side length projection, relying on the surveying and mapping technology of natural resources department to perform conversion processing. Eliminating the differences between natural resources departments and urban and rural construction departments due to different coordinate systems is to meet the requirements of engineering construction accuracy, under the premise of ensuring the quality of engineering construction, to meet the requirements of the Ministry of natural resources.
Short-term tidal current prediction based on GA-BP neural network
Authors: Qiao Xiangshuo , Guo Fengyi , Zhang Runfeng
Published: July 2020

Tidal current is a novel type of renewable energy for power supply. Accurate and stable tidal current prediction is an important research area in the field of tidal current energy development. In this paper, the GA-BP Neural Network is studied deeply, and the historical time series data and time factor are adopted to improve the input. Besides, the prediction model of tidal current components is established based on the experiment data. To validate the effectiveness of the presented method, other five popular prediction models are also introduced and compared. The simulation results show that the model established in this paper is superior to other five models and has better prediction ability in terms of two commonly used performance indices.
Application of Bowers Model in Abnormal Pore Pressure Prediction in Deepwater Drilling
Authors: Tan Qiang , Hao Xining , Luo Chao , Zhang Jiachen , Weng Haoyang
Published: July 2020

Accurate prediction of formation pore pressure is of great significance to ensure drilling safety. Most of the traditional pore pressure analysis methods are based on the theory of unbalanced compaction of mudstone, and theoretically, only the abnormally high pressure formed during “loading” process can be predicted. The Bowers model is based on the effective stress principle, and can be used for most pore pressure prediction in different lithology and pressure mechanism. The Bowers model was used to analyse the abnormal formation pressure in deep-water area of the Q Basin, South China Sea. According to logging data and pressure test data of drilled wells, it was judged that the cause of abnormal pore pressure in the above area is both “loading” and “unloading” mechanism and the empirical coefficients of the Bowers model in this region were calculated. Using seismic interval velocity data, the pore pressure of an exploration well was predicted before drilling and the prediction error is less than 5% compared with the measured values after drilling. It is shown that the Bowers model has high accuracy for quantitative prediction of abnormal pore pressure in deep-water area of the Q basin.
Experimental Study on the Liquefaction Mechanism of Iron Ore Fines Cargoes
Authors: Li Xiaohang , Zhang Jianwei
Published: July 2020

The liquefaction of Iron Ore Fines (IOF) during maritime transportation has got more attention in recent years. To study its liquefaction mechanism, the undrained monotonic loading tests on saturated IOF were conducted by using compression tri-axial apparatus. The static liquefaction behaviors of IOF under different densities and confining pressures were investigated. And different phenomenon has been observed on the IOF specimen. For the loose IOF specimen, slight dilate was observed and the phase transformation occurs in its stress-path curve under a high confining pressure. There is no phase transition in the intermediate density IOF sample, which shows more complex behavior. For the dense IOF specimen, a contractive behavior appears firstly then a long dilate starts. In view of these abnormal behaviors, the flow pattern failure mechanism of IOF is discussed, which provides a basis for the safe transportation of this kind of goods.
Heavy metal concentrations and ecological risk assessment for surface sediment of Da Qaidam Salt Lake in Qaidam Basin, northern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Gao Chunliang , Yu Junqing , Min Xiuyun , Cheng Aiying
Published: July 2020

The paper focused on heavy metal (Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Co, Ni and Mn) concentrations from surface sediment in the southeastern Da Qaidam Salt Lake. Based on the pressed powder pellet method and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analysis, as well as the enrichment factor, geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk index, the possible sources and pollution level of heavy metals were studied. The results showed that spatial distributions of heavy metal concentration were indicative of nonuniform characteristics in different zones of Da Qaidam Salt Lake, the average enrichment level of heavy metals followed the decreasing order: EF(As) > EF(Mn) > EF(Cu) > EF(Zn) > EF(Pb) > EF(Cr) > EF(Ni) > EF(Co), and arsenic was the main heavy metal contaminant. In a word, the level of heavy metal pollution in the southeastern Da Qaidam Salt Lake was not strong, but anthropogenic emissions would become the main source of heavy metals along with the frequent and strong human activities in the surrounding region.
Research on prediction method of fractured reservoir
Authors: Liu Jianqiang
Published: July 2020

In oil and gas exploration engineering, it is very difficult to identify and evaluate fractured reservoirs. Not only do we need to have scientific and reasonable methods, but we must also grasp relevant data and information through field investigations. Only in this way can we comprehensively predict cracks. In this paper, the characteristics of fractured reservoirs in China are briefly discussed, and some effective methods for predicting fractured reservoirs are given in combination with scientific evaluation methods for the reference of the frontline personnel.
The Numerical Calculation and Laboratory Model Validation Analysis of Mechanical Noise Based on Benchmark Submarine Model
Authors: Lv Shuai , Yang Xuemeng , Cao Feng
Published: July 2020

The mechanical noise analysis of ship structure based on finite element method has been an important means of mechanical noise assessment in the initial design stage of ships. This article is based on the Benchmark standard submarine model, carrying out the numerical simulation of the Benchmark submarine scale model, and obtaining the first-order and second-order natural vibration characteristics of the model. At the same time, we establish a laboratory test system of the Benchmark submarine scale model, and test the natural vibration characteristics of the model under laboratory conditions. We compare numerical simulations and experimental laboratory test results, optimize the numerical modeling method and find the reliability of the numerical simulation calculation. Based on the above research, modeling a true-scale Benchmark standard submarine model, calculate the natural vibration characteristics of the Benchmark submarine model in the ocean flow field environment. Then calculate the value of mechanical radiation noise under the excitation of mechanical equipment based on the natural vibration characteristics results.
Research on urban ecological competitiveness under the integration of Yangtze river delta
Authors: Shuai Li
Published: July 2020

Based on the analysis of the connotation and related theories of urban ecological competitiveness, this paper constructs the Yangtze River Delta integrated city from the three aspects of ecological background, ecological environment pressure and social coordination ability, drawing on the evaluation system and models at home and abroad. Then, based on the index system, this paper takes the data of some cities in the Yangtze River Delta as the research sample, through the methods of principal component analysis and mean value method to carry out empirical research on the urban ecological competitiveness under the integration of the Yangtze River Delta. Finally, from the three aspects of planning, policy and implementation guarantee, the paper puts forward the measures to improve urban ecological competitiveness under the integration of the Yangtze River Delta.
Analysis on the Effect of Habitat Fragmentation And Exploration of Its Solutions
Authors: Wang Kexin
Published: July 2020

Habitat fragmentation threatens biodiversity and species distribution. The overall objection of this study is exploring the reasons and phenomena of fragmentation and discussing the impact of habitat fragmentation on animal diversity, plant diversity, insect diversity, arthropod diversity and the distribution of species. In order to show the same impact of habitat fragmentation on animals, plants and microorganisms. The study research the similarity and difference of effects of habitat fragmentation to three different organisms. The method used in our study is analyzing the relationship between fragmentation and diversity by using landscape elements. The studies we have reviewed showed that habitat fragmentation has adverse effect on most species, influences interspecies communications. And the fragmentation can be imputed to human activities.
Combination of Wastewater Treatment Measures and Landscape Ecological Design in Traditional Villages Based on Sustainability Theory: A Case Study of Miao Village in Xiangxi, China
Authors: Tang Yuanqiang , Tang Yuanxing , Zhang Mengmiao , Zhao Jianmin , Liu Yunguo , Long Shaoqiu , Xiao Can , Chen Yu , He Shaoyao , Yang Chunping
Published: July 2020

The aim of protecting traditional villages is to maintain the population; thus, these villages must be suitable for living. A prerequisite for the liveability of traditional villages is treatment of point and non-point sources of pollution to improve the ecological value of the village. The combination of water pollution control measures and landscape design improves the aesthetic and ecological sustainability. This article takes China’s fourth batch of traditional villages, Xiangxi Wengcao Miao Village, as an example. Interviews, field surveys and various discussions were conducted, and the study believes that by connecting the various sewage outlets, they are collected in the first, second and third levels. Treatment ponds (tanks) transformed curved rice fields into secondary treatment tanks and stabilised ponds. Native plants were classified before stable and treatment ponds were excavated. Submerged, floating and emergent plants were artificially planted in the water, and medicinal plants were cultivated around the pond and banks of the creek. These biomass plants are relatively large for the nutrition in the wastewater. Adsorption and digestion of the substance can not only reduce the direct discharge of sewage to downstream regions but also beautify the landscape of the sewage treatment facility.
Effects of Physical and Chemical Factors on Zooplankton in Tropical Shallow Urban Lakes
Authors: Chen Guangrong
Published: July 2020

zooplankton played an important role in freshwater ecosystem. Its distribution was influenced not only by biological factors such as fish and aquatic plants, but also by physical and chemical factors such as water temperature, chlorophyll and pH. By analyzing the relationship between zooplankton and physical and chemical factors in urban lakes of Lingnan, the results showed that water temperature was one of the important factors affecting the distribution of zooplankton which had half of the species and dominant species being tropical or subtropical. The abundance of zooplankton was positively correlated with the chlorophyll content in the water, positively correlated with the suspended matter content, and negatively correlated with the transparency and pH. The study was helpful in providing support for the ecological restoration of tropical shallow water urban lakes.
Life Cycle Assessment of Upgrade Options of a Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant for Energy Self-sufficient
Authors: Sun Xuefei , Jin Mingji , Li Na , Piao Wenhua
Published: July 2020

The environmental impact of four municipal sewage treatment scenarios were investigated by life cycle assessment (LCA). The environmental impacts were assessed with four categories: acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), global warming potential (GWP), and human toxicity potential (HTP). Compared to the current operation scheme (Scenario 1), EP was significantly reduced but AP, GWP and HTP was increased in A2O-MBRprocess (Scenario 2). Compared to the Scenario 2, Scenario 3 (water source heat pump) and Scenario 4 (sludge anaerobic digestion) processes for the energy self-sufficient alternatives achieved the greatest environmental improvement in all impact categories. These results suggested that the proposed energy self-sufficient scenarios may greatly reduce the environmental impact of energy consumption in the whole sewage treatment process.
Study on Noise Pollution of 220kV Substations in Liaoning Province
Authors: Wu Songyu , Li Xiang , Qi Xiaoyan , Li Chengjun , Xu Tianyuan
Published: July 2020

Environmental noise has become a common concern of the society, and there are more and more disputes over environmental noise. In this paper, the emission noise of 61 typical 220kV substations in Liaoning Province is tested and analyzed. A total of 610 measuring points are detected, and the level of the noise pollution is clarified. At the same time, the analysis and research on the spectral characteristics and attenuation rules of substations with sensitive points and environmental impacts are emphasized on the basis of actual measurement. The results show that the main noise pollution zone in the substations is in the middle and low frequency areas, and the staff in the substations need to do the key protection. Meanwhile, the vegetation area has a positive effect on the attenuation of the noise.
Study on Risk Assessment of Typhoon Storm Surge Based on Public Safety Triangle Theory
Authors: Wu Le , Li Jian , Ruan Yangzhi , Sun Lie , Huang Quanyi , Yang Xiuzhong
Published: July 2020

Based on the “triangle theory” of public safety and combined with the formation mechanism and characteristics of storm surge disasters, this research comprehensively considered the danger of disaster events, disaster carriers in the affected area, and disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities such as emergency management and considered the possibility of secondary/derived disasters arising from disaster factors and whether they are in sensitive time periods with a view to studying the risk evaluation technology of storm surge disasters. According to this study, a risk assessment method is established to assess the risk of real-time dynamic events before emergency decision-making.
Design of and Research of Vertical Deformation Measuring Instrument based on Synthetic Material
Authors: Huang Jinfei , Luo Ligang , Zhang Fan , Zhang Hangbin , Zhao Xinze
Published: July 2020

With the publication and implementation of the national standard GB 36246 “Sports Ground for Synthetic Materials in Primary and Secondary Schools”, relevant testing activities have come in droves. However, the smooth development of testing requires not only standards, but also corresponding testing equipment. Therefore, in accordance with the requirements of the national standard GB 36246 for vertical deformation measurement indicators, this paper carried out the design and research work of related testing equipment, and successfully developed a synthetic material-based surface Layer vertical deformation measuring instrument, which connects the electromechanical control system composed of electromagnetic control system, main structure, etc. and the data storage and analysis system, realizes the systemization and automatic control of the synthetic material surface vertical deformation measuring device, and meets the national standard GB 36246 and European standard EN14809 “Measurement method of vertical deformation of ground layer of sports field”.
Performance of Chromic Acetate-HPAM Gel for Flue Gas Mobility Control in Low-Permeability Reservoir
Authors: Qiao Wenli , Zhang Guicai , Ge Jijiang , Li Jianda , Jiang Ping , Pei Haihua
Published: July 2020

Chromium acetate-HPAM gel is developed to solve the gas channeling problem in low-permeability flue gas flooding reservoirs. Polyacrylamide with low molecular weight of 2 million is optimized as the main agent to construct an organic chromium gel system. The acid resistance performance and blocking capacity of the gel system are evaluated afterwards. It is revealed by the tests that acid components in flue gas have a severe impact on the gelation time, strength as well as long-term stability of the cross-linked gels. Rheological tests show that the gel system embodies with high elastic modulus in flue gas environment at 42°C, which ensures its favorable performance in core flooding tests. After gel application in cores, the permeability reduction can reach up to 99% and 97% separately while water flooding and flue gas flooding. The chromium acetate-HPAM gel exhibits perfect mobility control ability and possesses immense potential as regulating blocking system in low-permeability flue gas flooding reservoirs.
The power system in ERP environment about analyze and deal the problem of the project planning
Authors: Gao xiaoyu , Qiu tuo , Gu ying
Published: July 2020

ERP is important resource management software of enterprise resource planning, related to the electrical power system can purchase materials smoothly, whether the project is going step-by-step, and weather the financial department can settle accounts as planned, solve the problems of ERP has great significance to the power supply system. at the same time can effectively improve the work efficiency of the project.
Research on China’s Renewable Energy Quota System Allocation Efficiency Based on DEA Model
Authors: Zhu Keding , Li Ruan , Fan Shuwen
Published: July 2020

With the deepening of China’s energy transformation process, the promotion of renewable energy quota system has gradually received the attention of the government and scholars. National energy house has issued corresponding supporting policies for renewable energy quota system transactions for many times. Renewable energy quota is very important for the evaluation of economic benefits and energy conservation and emission reduction benefits. Based on Data Envelopment analysis, this paper establishes a model for evaluating the effectiveness of renewable energy quota system. The model takes the quota constraints of each province as input variables, the total installed capacity of each province and the CO2emission of each province as input variables, and takes the total GDP of each province as output variable, calculates the technical efficiency values of each province under the conditions of taking into account and excluding the quota constraints respectively. Comparing the difference of technical efficiency between the two times, the optimal input-output benefit interval of the system is judged, and the inefficient DMU is pointed out, which direction and degree of improvement are put forward.
Discussion on some problems of risk identification of coal seam outburst
Authors: Fan Xiaogang
Published: July 2020

The identification of coal and gas outburst is a complex work. In order to strengthen and standardize the identification of coal outburst risk, the state has issued a series of regulations and requirements. Combined with various problems encountered in outburst identification work, this paper studies and discusses the selection of identification indexes, the situation that adjacent mines are identified as outburst, the situation that they do not have identification conditions, the relationship between measurement points and identification scope, and the location of geological structure areas, etc., and puts forward suggestions for relevant regulations, which will be helpful for future outburst coal seam identification work and revision of national regulations.
Research on high pressure hydraulic slotting technology for pressure relief and permeability increase of coal seam
Authors: Li Chengcheng
Published: July 2020

High pressure hydraulic slotting technology is one of the technical means of pressure relief and permeability increase in high gas and low permeability coal seam area. Different coal seam conditions, the selected slotting process parameters are different. In order to obtain the reasonable parameters of high-pressure hydraulic cutting in soft coal seam, the field tests of different cutting pressure, different cutting time, different rotation speed and different cutting spacing were carried out in No.2 coal seam of Xue-hu Coal Mine. The test results show that the optimal cutting pressure is 60MPa ∼ 70MPa, the cutting speed is 80R / min, the cutting interval is 2m / knife, and the coal output of single knife is controlled at about 1.6T. Tests were carried out for different spacing of boreholes, the results show that the average extraction concentration of slotted hole is 1.75 times that of common hole, and the average extraction purity is 3.25 times that of common hole.
Research on and Application of On-line Cleaning of Stainless Steel Tube Condense
Authors: Wang Fei , He Fengyuan , Li Yao
Published: July 2020

Based on the analysis of the scaling of the stainless steel condenser in a power plant, through a large number of tests, the proper cleaning formula is selected to clean the scale in the condenser on line. After cleaning, the effect is obvious. After cleaning, the end difference of the condenser decreases from 10 °C to 5 °C, which saves a lot of fuel.
Effect of Grading Type on the Performance of Warm-Mix Rubber-Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Zhang Qiang
Published: July 2020

This paper designs three warm-mix rubber-asphalt mixtures with different grading types based on the Course Aggregate Void Filling method (CAVF) and standard method, and studies the rules of influence of the warm mixing effect and grading type of the warm-mix rubber-asphalt on the pavement performance of the mixtures through compaction temperature analysis, Marshall test, and rutting test. The results show that the compaction temperature of warm-mix rubber-asphalt mixture can be reduced by about 20 °C, and it has a significant warm mixing effect and excellent pavement performance.
Study on Identification of SSI Damping System Based on Large-Scale Shaking Table Test
Authors: Han Zhiyu , Zhang Zhiying , Wei Hongyang , Ze Qiji
Published: July 2020

Damping system represents the energy dissipation characteristics of the overall structural system. The correct identification of damping system is not only the premise of selecting dynamical analysis method, but also the foundation of obtaining accurate results in seismic analysis. Traditionally, the identification of damping system under dynamic action is based on material properties. However, this method is lack of theoretical and experimental research. Based on fundamental identification method, the paper presents the study on the consistency of dynamic characteristics between different parts by shaking table test. The changing law of SSI damping system in different dynamic processes is investigated. The experimental results indicate that SSI system manifest obviously classical energy dissipation characteristics under certain conditions and can be considered as an approximate classical damping system.
Analysis on Water Wall Tube Explosion in a Power Plant
Authors: Li Yao , Liu Chengming , He Fengyuan , Wang Fei
Published: July 2020

Combined with the influencing factors of water wall tube explosion, this paper analyzes the water wall tube explosion of a power plant, and finds out that the water wall tube explosion may be caused by hydrogen embrittlement or local overheating, and expounds the measures to reduce the water wall tube explosion and reduce the risk of water wall tube explosion.
Research on fault identification of gearbox bearing based on quantum theory
Authors: Wu Congbing
Published: July 2020

In view of the problem that the fault signal of bearing in automobile gearbox is easy to be covered by background noise, a fault signal recognition method based on quantum theory is proposed. This method will quantize the individual sampling signal, and take the vibration signal as the state superposition of fault signal and background noise, deeply study the randomness and local characteristics of sampling signal, and analyze the core information of sampling point, so that the amplitude characteristics of sampling point signal can be converted into the probability distribution of fault signal and noise signal in quantum domain, and change integrated attenuation of noise reduction for the fault signal, and realize the fine quantization noise as well as the highlight of the fault information. Experimental results show that the algorithm is feasible and efficient.
Internal Flow Field Analysis of Three-way Regulating Valve Based on CFD Technology
Authors: Hou Yingzhe , Wu Hao , Li Zhong
Published: July 2020

According to the requirement of low energy consumption and high efficiency of a three-way regulating valve used in a system, based on the CFD software of fluid mechanics, the internal flow performance of the three-way regulating valve was simulated and studied in three dimensions, and the flow field information such as internal pressure and flow velocity of the valve were obtained. The results show that with the increase of the opening degree, the pressure gradient and velocity gradient at the upper valve seat gradually tend to be obvious, the pressure drop at the valve seat and the maximum flow velocity at the sealing surface gradually tend to be extreme, while the change rule at the lower valve seat is opposite. When the valve works under extremely small and extremely large opening conditions for a long time, it will be beneficial to protect the valve.
Determinants of Health and Safety Management in Construction Industry; the Case of Hengyang City, China
Authors: Ashebir Gelaw , Nie Chunlong , Chen Ya , Yirsaw E.
Published: July 2020

The construction industry promotes the development of national social economy and provides necessary infrastructure and enhanced facilities for social comfort. However, it is the most hazardous industries due to high occupational risks and unsatisfactory state of occupational health and safety. This study ascertains and evaluates the factors affecting health and safety management in the construction industries in area undergoing fast infrastructure development, Hengyang city. Two categories of construction industry were chosen for the quantitative study for which stratified sampling procedure was applied and simple random sampling was further used to select the key project participants from the various professional groups. In addition to the actual on-site observation questionnaires and interviews, the interviewees, opinions can also be derived. Statistical technique Relative Importance Index (RII) and Microsoft excel software are used to analyze the data, while the Kendall’s coefficient of concordance is used as a measure of agreement of ranking among factors affecting health and safety management. The analysis shows that the RII and the rank of factors affecting health and safety management in construction industry are vary with in the company categories. Health and safety policy, work environment, and health and safety inspection were ranked as the first three important factors affecting health and safety management in construction sites, respectively. Therefore, relevant stakeholders need to consider the establishment of a valuable management system based on local conditions to provide a strong guarantee for the health and safety of workers and sustainability maintenance of construction projects. This study will inspire future works to be done on the role of owners and the development of further guidelines to lessen the accidents in construction sites.
Study on Soft Foundation Load of Right Line of Double Truss Tunnel
Authors: Guo Rui , Cao Feng , Chen XiaoMing , Ji WeiDong , Men GuangYu
Published: July 2020

According to the load line structure example, the vertical support force of the initial support structure of the tunnel construction section is analyzed based on the load structure method. The calculation results and analysis show that the arch foundation load is scientific and effective. The calculation is for the control of the bearing capacity of the shallow-buried tunnel excavation foundation, and it has important engineering guiding significance to effectively prevent the large deformation of the tunnel section and the surface subsidence.
Modeling the printability of photocuring and strength adjustable hydrogel bioink during projection-based 3D bioprinting
Authors: Sun Yuan , Yu Kang , Nie Jing , Sun Miao , Fu Jianzhong , Wang Huiming , He Yong
Published: July 2020

As a projection based three-dimensional printing method, digital light processing bioprinting (DLPBP) has higher printing resolution and is suitable for constructing finer structures to mimic tissues when compared to extrusion based bioprinting. However, there is a lack of understanding about printing behavior during DLPBP. Herein, a photo crosslinking theory for ink was established and a specified amount of light absorber was added to control crosslinking depth. Then, a standardized methodology was established to quantitatively evaluate printing resolution using different parameters. Complex biostructures, such as the ear, hand, and heart, were precisely printed after understanding the mechanism. Additionally, the mechanical properties of printed samples were accurately adjusted by changing the hydrogel concentration, as well as the degree of substitution and photocrosslinking time. The tissue types printed were from ultra-soft tissues, such as liver (6–8 kPa) to soft tissue, such as the skin (0.3–0.4 MPa). A branching vessel with cells in a real tensile modulus was printed as a demonstration. After 1 week of culture, proliferation and function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells were characterized. Overall, we made it possible to print a mimic complex tissue with high precision, required physical properties and functionalized living cells.
Parameters setup for first-principles on well-formedness and thermodynamic properties of bulk and habit surfaces of Mg2Si
Authors: Liu Tongyu , Ren Yuyan , Pan Ying , Li Yingmin , Liu Weihua
Published: July 2020

The well-formedness, thermodynamic properties and mechanical properties of Mg2Si bulk and Mg2Si (1 0 0), (1 1 0) and (1 1 1) surfaces were calculated by using first-principles based on density functional theory (DFT). Some accurate and efficient parameters were programed by computing massively and repeatedly. The accurate and efficient parameters used in Mg2Si bulk is Energy cutoff (500 eV), k-point (5 × 5 × 5) and exchange-correlation interaction (PBEsol). The relaxation of surficial atoms shows that the rule or rate of expansion and shrink are similar from the second column. The rate of the innermost layer decreases gradually with increasing slab thickness. The rate of the innermost layer in Mg-terminated or Si-terminated Mg2Si (1 0 0) and (1 1 0) is no more than 0.1% when convergent layers are no less than 11. The convergent layers of Mg2-terminated and Si-terminated Mg2Si (1 1 1) are 14 and 16, respectively. The Mg1-terminated Mg2Si (1 1 1) surfaces hardly converge even if the layers reach to 18. Si-terminated surfaces are harder to keep stability than Mg-terminated surfaces in Mg2Si (1 0 0) and (1 1 1) surfaces because of a higher surface energy. Mg2Si (1 1 0) surface energy is a constant because of the nonpolar and stoichiometric Mg-Si terminated surface. Si-terminated and Mg-terminated Mg2Si (1 0 0) surfaces are more stable than Si-terminated and Mg2-terminated Mg2Si (1 1 1) surfaces, respectively. Mg1-terminated Mg2Si (1 1 1) surface is the most stable surface over the entire surfaces in Mg2Si.
Tarsal-Fixation With Aponeurotic Flap Linkage in Blepharoplasty: Bridge Technique
Authors: Jin Rui , Shen Yirui , Yu Wenjie , Xia Ying , Yuan Zhaoqi , Ding Feixue , Lu Lin , Liu Fei , Sun Di , Yang Jun
Published: July 2020

Background

Double eyelid blepharoplasty is the most popular cosmetic surgery among Asian populations. Although various surgical procedures have been reported, certain complications still arise, including asymmetry or the disappearance of the double eyelid crease, an unnatural double eyelid crease curve, and distinct scars.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to describe a new blepharoplasty technique intended to reduce the various complications and create dynamic, natural-looking double eyelids.

Methods

From September 2018 to June 2019, the new technique was performed on 92 Chinese patients. The core of our technique was to construct a reliable motion transmitter, the orbital septum-levator aponeurosis flap, which was sutured to the tarsus. The outcomes were assessed 6 months after the surgery by reviewing medical records and photographs to assess the aesthetic outcomes, the relapse rate, and the incidence of complications.

Results

In the aesthetic outcome assessment, 86 patients were graded as good and 4 were graded as fair; of the latter, 2 had uneven scars and 2 showed showed a slight asymmetry of the double eyelid curve in length or width. Two patients were graded as poor because of the disappearance of the double eyelid crease. The relapse rate was 2.2%. Two patients had temporary hematoma. Six patients had lagophthalmos that subsided within 30 days. No cases of infection or ptosis were observed.

Conclusions

The bridge technique is an effective method for creating dynamic, natural-looking double eyelids. However, the long-term outcome of this new surgical approach requires further study.

Level of Evidence: 4
When phylogeography meets niche suitability to unravel the evolutionary history of a shrub from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Mäder Geraldo , Zamberlan Priscilla M , Segatto Ana Lucia A , Stehmann João R , Bonatto Sandro L , Freitas Loreta B
Published: July 2020

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF) is one of the most impacted biomes in the world, and in this region, there are several examples of the effects of Pleistocene climate changes among the species found there. Athenaea fasciculata (Solanaceae) is a forest component distributed mainly throughout the BAF extension. Here, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of A. fasciculata based on plastid and nuclear markers, aiming to better understand the impact of Pleistocene climate changes on BAF vegetation. We used population genetics, demographic methods and ecological niche modelling coupled to an evolutionary approach to describe the species distribution across time. The phylogeographic analysis of A. fasciculata indicated that Pleistocene climate changes played an important role in its evolution. The species is structured in two groups of populations that emerged from different refugia and were under different climate influences, supporting previously proposed connections between the Atlantic and Amazon Forests, the two most important Neotropical rainforests.
Predictive sensorimotor control in autism
Authors: Arthur Tom , Vine Sam , Brosnan Mark , Buckingham Gavin
Published: July 2020

Autism spectrum disorder has been characterized by atypicalities in how predictions and sensory information are processed in the brain. To shed light on this relationship in the context of sensorimotor control, we assessed prediction-related measures of cognition, perception, gaze and motor functioning in a large general population (n = 92; Experiment 1) and in clinically diagnosed autistic participants (n = 29; Experiment 2). In both experiments perception and action were strongly driven by prior expectations of object weight, with large items typically predicted to weigh more than equally-weighted smaller ones. Interestingly, these predictive action models were used comparably at a sensorimotor level in both autistic and neurotypical individuals with varying levels of autistic-like traits. Specifically, initial fingertip force profiles and resulting action kinematics were both scaled according to participants’ pre-lift heaviness estimates, and generic visual sampling behaviours were notably consistent across groups. These results suggest that the weighting of prior information is not chronically underweighted in autism, as proposed by simple Bayesian accounts of the disorder. Instead, our results cautiously implicate context-sensitive processing mechanisms, such as precision modulation and hierarchical volatility inference. Together, these findings present novel implications for both future scientific investigations and the autism community.
GLUT5 regulation by AKT1/3-miR-125b-5p downregulation induces migratory activity and drug resistance in TLR-modified colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Park Ga-Bin , Jeong Jee-Yeong , Kim Daejin
Published: July 2020

In cancer, resistance to chemotherapy is one of the main reasons for therapeutic failure. Cells that survive after treatment with anticancer drugs undergo various changes, including in cell metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effects of AKT-mediated miR-125b-5p alteration on metabolic changes and examined how these molecules enhance migration and induce drug resistance in colon cancer cells. AKT1 and AKT3 activation in drug-resistant colon cancer cells caused aberrant downregulation of miR-125b-5p, leading to GLUT5 expression. Targeted inhibition of AKT1 and AKT3 restored miR-125b-5p expression and prevented glycolysis- and lipogenesis-related enzyme activation. In addition, restoring the level of miR-125b-5p by transfection with the mimic sequence not only significantly blocked the production of lactate and intracellular fatty acids but also suppressed the migration and invasion of chemoresistant colon cancer cells. GLUT5 silencing with small interfering RNA attenuated mesenchymal marker expression and migratory activity in drug-resistant colon cancer cells. Additionally, treatment with 2,5-anhydro-d-mannitol resensitized chemoresistant cancer cells to oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil. In conclusion, our findings suggest that changes in miR-125b-5p and GLUT5 expression after chemotherapy can serve as a new marker to indicate metabolic change-induced migration and drug resistance development.
Antiviral Activity and Pharmacokinetics of the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Capsid Assembly Modulator GLS4 in Patients With Chronic HBV Infection
Authors: Zhang Hong , Wang Fengjiao , Zhu Xiaoxue , Chen Yunfu , Chen Hong , Li Xiaojiao , Wu Min , Li Cuiyun , Liu Jingrui , Zhang Yingjun , Ding Yanhua , Niu Junqi
Published: July 2020

Background

GLS4 is a first-in-class hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid assembly modulator (class I) that can inhibit HBV replication by interfering with the assembly and disassembly of HBV nucleocapsid. Here, we evaluated its antiviral activity, pharmacokinetics, and tolerability in a double-blind, randomized, parallel, entecavir-controlled study.

Methods

Twenty-four patients with chronic HBV were randomized to receive a 28-day course of GLS4 (120 or 240 mg) and ritonavir (100 mg) combination (cohorts A and B, respectively) or entecavir treatment (cohort C) at a 1:1:1 ratio. Patients were followed up for 40 days in a phase 1b study.

Results

The GLS4/ritonavir combination was a tolerated combination for the treatment of chronic HBV infection. A total of 2, 3, and 3 subjects presented with alanine aminotransferase flare in cohorts A, B, and C, respectively. This contributed to the withdrawal of 1, 2, and 1 patient from cohorts A, B, and C, respectively. The mean Ctrough of GLS4 was 205–218 ng/mL, which was approximately 3.7–3.9 times the 90% effective concentration (55.8 ng/mL), with a lower accumulation (accumulation rate, 1.1–2.0). In cohorts A, B, and C, the mean declines in HBV DNA after 28 days of treatment were −1.42, −2.13, and −3.5 log10 IU/mL; in hepatitis B surface antigen were −0.06, −0.14, and −0.33 log10 IU/mL; in pregenomic RNA were −0.75, −1.78, and −0.96 log10 copies/mL; and in hepatitis B core antigen were −0.23, −0.5, and −0.44 log10 U/mL, respectively.

Conclusions

Treatment with 120 mg GLS4 was tolerated and had antiviral activity in patients with chronic HBV infection.

Clinical Trials Registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; CTR20160068. http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn.
Personalized Therapy Approach for Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Garcia-Vidal Carolina , Moreno-García Estela , Hernández-Meneses Marta , Puerta-Alcalde Pedro , Chumbita Mariana , Garcia-Pouton Nicole , Linares Laura , Rico Verónica , Cardozo Celia , Martínez José Antonio , García Felipe , Mensa Josep , Castro Pedro , Nicolás José María , Muñoz José , Vidal David , Soriano Alex ,   COVID19-Researchers, Bodro Marta , Morata Laura , Ambrosioni Juan , Agüero Daiana , Torres Berta , González Ana , De la Mora Lorena , Linares Laura , Meira Fernanda , Macaya Irene , Rodriguez Natalia , Nicolas David , Albiach Laia , Almuedo Alex , Angeles Marcos Mª , Angeles Marcos Mª , Fernandez-Pittol Mariana , Fidalgo Berta , Camprubí Daniel , Cilloniz Catia , Torres Antoni , Tellez Adrian , Fernández Sara , Sanjuan Gemma , Cano Pau , Caellas David
Published: July 2020

Hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experiencing respiratory symptoms have different complications (inflammatory, co-infection, and thrombotic) that are identifiable by analytics patterns. Personalized treatment decisions decreased early mortality (odds ratio [OR] .144; 95% confidence interval [CI] .03–.686; P = .015). Increasing age (OR 1.06; P = .038) and therapeutic effort limitation (OR 9.684; P < .001) were associated with higher mortality.
Infection in a Young Immunocompetent Male Caused by Streptobacillus felis, a Putative Zoonotic Microorganism Transmitted by Cats
Authors: Matt Ulrich , Schmiedel Judith , Fawzy Ahmad , Trauth Janina , Schmidt Katja , Vogel Klaus , Herold Susanne , Karrasch Thomas , Imirzalioglu Can , Eisenberg Tobias
Published: July 2020

Rat bite fever (RBF) is predominantly caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis. We report a human infection with Streptobacillus felis. Clinical presentation was consistent with RBF, but serologic testing was negative for S moniliformis. Eventually, S felis–specific sequences were detected in skin lesions of the patient and in the oropharynx of local cats.
Central apnoeas and ticagrelor-related dyspnoea in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Giannoni Alberto , Borrelli Chiara , Gentile Francesco , Mirizzi Gianluca , Coceani Michele , Paradossi Umberto , Vergaro Giuseppe , Bramanti Francesca , Iudice Giovanni , Emdin Michele , Passino Claudio
Published: July 2020

Aims

Dyspnoea often occurs in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated with ticagrelor compared with other anti-platelet agents and is a cause of drug discontinuation. We aimed to explore the contribution of central apnoeas (CA) and chemoreflex sensitization to ticagrelor-related dyspnoea in patients with ACS.

Methods and results

Sixty consecutive patients with ACS, preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, and no history of obstructive sleep apnoea, treated either with ticagrelor 90 mg b.i.d. (n = 30) or prasugrel 10 mg o.d. (n = 30) were consecutively enrolled. One week after ACS, all patients underwent two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography, pulmonary static/dynamic testing, carbon monoxide diffusion capacity assessment, 24-h cardiorespiratory monitoring for hypopnoea–apnoea detection, and evaluation of the chemosensitivity to hypercapnia by rebreathing technique. No differences were found in baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, echocardiographic, and pulmonary data between the two groups. Patients on ticagrelor, when compared with those on prasugrel, reported more frequently dyspnoea (43.3% vs. 6.7%, P = 0.001; severe dyspnoea 23.3% vs. 0%, P = 0.005), and showed higher apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) and central apnoea index (CAI) during the day, the night and the entire 24-h period (all P < 0.001). Similarly, they showed a higher chemosensitivity to hypercapnia (P = 0.001). Among patients treated with ticagrelor, those referring dyspnoea had the highest AHI, CAI, and chemosensitivity to hypercapnia (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Central apnoeas are a likely mechanism of dyspnoea and should be screened for in patients treated with ticagrelor. A drug-related sensitization of the chemoreflex may be the cause of ventilatory instability and breathlessness in this setting.
Pulmonary hypertension after pneumonectomy: a preclinical model in rats and human pulmonary endothelial cells
Authors: Sentenac Pierre , Samarani Gianluca , Bideaux Patrice , Sicard Pierre , Bourdois Benjamin , Richard Sylvain , Colson Pascal H , Eddahibi Saadia
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVES

Pulmonary hypertension and heart disease contribute to the high morbidity rate following pneumonectomy (PN). The pathophysiology is still poorly understood. The objective was to investigate the consequences of PN on cardiopulmonary function in rats and to explore in vitro the involved mechanisms.

METHODS

Sixty Sprague-Dawley male rats randomly underwent either a right PN (PN group) or sham surgery. Ten rats per group were sacrificed on postoperative days 3, 7 and 28. Cardiopulmonary alterations were investigated by echocardiographic, haemodynamic and histological analyses. In vitro, the shear stress was reproduced using a Flexcell Tension™ cyclic stretch on cultured human pulmonary endothelial cells (P-ECs) to investigate the impact on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PA-SMC) growth. Data are expressed as mean ± SD.

RESULTS

Mean pulmonary arterial pressure gradually increased in the PN group to reach 35 ± 7 mmHg on postoperative day 28 vs 18 ± 4 in sham (P = 0.001), likewise the proportion of muscularized distal pulmonary arteries, 83 ± 1% vs 5 ± 1%, respectively (P < 0.001), related to in situ PA-SMC proliferation. The right ventricle area and lateral wall thickness were doubled in the PN group on postoperative day 28. The left ventricle ejection fraction decreased on postoperative days 7 and 28 while the right ventricle function was maintained. In vitro, the human PA-SMC growth was significantly greater when seeded with stretched vs non-stretched P-EC media, highlighting the role of shear stress on the P-EC paracrine function.

CONCLUSIONS

Right PN led to pulmonary hypertension and proportional right heart remodelling in rats. The shear stress related to high blood flow alters the pulmonary endothelial paracrine control of SMC growth.