bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extraordinary Solidification Mechanism of Liquid Alloys Under Acoustic Levitation State
Authors: Geng Delu , Yan Na , Xie Wenjun , Lü Yongjun , Wei Bingbo
Published: October 2022

The acoustic levitation of various materials can be realized by highly intensive ultrasound, which provides a free surface and containerless state for materials processing under space simulation conditions. The nonlinear effects such as acoustic radiation pressure, acoustic streaming, and ultrasonic cavitation open up special access to modulate the fluid dynamics and solidification mechanisms of liquid materials. Here, the physical characteristics of liquid flow, undercooling capability, phase separation, and crystal nucleation and growth within acoustically levitated droplets are explored comprehensively to reveal the extraordinary solidification kinetics of liquid alloys. The sectorial shape oscillations of the 2nd to 10th order modes accompanying internal potential flow are observed for water droplets with modulated ultrasound amplitudes, while the enhanced ultrasound intensity promotes ice nucleation and thus reduces water undercooling. The migration of Sn‐rich globules during phase separation of immiscible Al–Cu–Sn alloy is dominated by the droplet deformation and rotation related to acoustic levitation. The high undercooling states of liquid Ag–Cu–Ge and Ni–Sn alloys during acoustic levitation result in the refinement of (Ag) dendrites and the formation of anomalous (Ni+Ni3Sn) eutectics. The ultrasound–liquid interaction also induces surface waves during the containerless solidification of Ag–Cu and Ni–Sn eutectic alloys.
Dimensional Control of Highly Anisotropic and Transparent Conductive Coordination Polymers for Solution‐Processable Large‐Scale 2D Sheets
Authors: Suh Bong Lim , Kang Goun , Yoon Sun Mi , Cho Sanghyun , Moon Myoung‐Woon , Sung Yun‐Mo , Kim Min‐Seok , Hur Kahyun
Published: October 2022

Controlling the dimensional aspect of conductive coordination polymers is currently a key scientific interest. Herein, solution‐based dimension control strategies are proposed for copper chloride thiourea (CuCl‐TU) coordination polymers that enable centimeter‐scale, 2D nanosheet formation for use as transparent electrodes. Despite the wide bandgap of CuCl‐TU polymers (4.33 eV), through polaron‐mediated electron transfer, the electrical conductivity of the 2D sheet at room temperature is able to reach 4.45 S cm−1 without intentional doping. This leads to a highly anisotropic electronic conductivity of up to the order of ≈103 differences, depending on the material orientation. Furthermore, by substituting alternative thiourea candidates, it is demonstrated that it is possible to predesign CuCl‐TU structures with the desired functionality, stability, and porosity through dimensional control. These findings provide a blueprint to design next‐generation transparent conducting materials that can operate at room temperature, thereby expanding their applicability to different fields.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Sb2Te3/GeTe Superlattice Film and Its Melt‐Quenching‐Free Phase‐Transition Mechanism for Phase‐Change Memory
Authors: Yoo Chanyoung , Jeon Jeong Woo , Yoon Seungjae , Cheng Yan , Han Gyuseung , Choi Wonho , Park Byongwoo , Jeon Gwangsik , Jeon Sangmin , Kim Woohyun , Zheng Yonghui , Lee Jongho , Ahn Junku , Cho Sunglae , Clendenning Scott B. , Karpov Ilya V. , Lee Yoon Kyung , Choi Jung‐Hae , Hwang Cheol Seong
Published: October 2022

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Sb2Te3/GeTe superlattice (SL) film on planar and vertical sidewall areas containing TiN metal and SiO2 insulator is demonstrated. The peculiar chemical affinity of the ALD precursor to the substrate surface and the 2D nature of the Sb2Te3 enable the growth of an in situ crystallized SL film with a preferred orientation. The SL film shows a reduced reset current of ≈1/7 of the randomly oriented Ge2Sb2Te5 alloy. The reset switching is induced by the transition from the SL to the (111)‐oriented face‐centered‐cubic (FCC) Ge2Sb2Te5 alloy and subsequent melt‐quenching‐free amorphization. The in‐plane compressive stress, induced by the SL‐to‐FCC structural transition, enhances the electromigration of Ge along the [111] direction of FCC structure, which enables such a significant improvement. Set operation switches the amorphous to the (111)‐oriented FCC structure.
Enhanced Flexible Mold Lifetime for Roll‐to‐Roll Scaled‐Up Manufacturing of Adhesive Complex Microstructures
Authors: Kim Jae‐Kang , Krishna‐Subbaiah Nagaraj , Wu Yingdan , Ko Jongkuk , Shiva Anitha , Sitti Metin
Published: October 2022

Various functional complex 3D patterned surfaces with micro‐ or nanostructures have been developed and their superior performances over non‐patterned smooth surfaces proven. However, it is challenging to mass‐produce such complex micro‐/nanopatterned surfaces, which limits their commercialization drastically. Although roll‐to‐roll (R2R) manufacturing using flexible molds has been implemented for mass‐production of such functional surfaces, the poor mold repeatability issue has not been resolved yet. Here, a strategy to significantly improve the repeatability of the micropatterned flexible silicone molds over 1000 cycles against highly adhesive polyurethane acrylates (PUAs) in UV light curing based R2R systems by using a two‐step curing process is reported. The mold repeatability is drastically increased from 10s of cycles to over 1000 cycles through the proposed strategy in spite of the complicated 3D undercut geometry and high tackiness of the microstructure. This two‐step process would enable scaled‐up production of micro‐/nanostructured adhesives, such as gecko‐inspired microfiber adhesives as demonstrated in this study, as well as various other functional micro‐/nanostructured surfaces by enhancing the flexible mold lifetime.
3D‐Printed Prolamin Scaffolds for Cell‐Based Meat Culture
Authors: Su Lingshan , Jing Linzhi , Zeng Xianjian , Chen Tong , Liu Hang , Kong Yan , Wang Xiang , Yang Xin , Fu Caili , Sun Jie , Huang Dejian
Published: October 2022

Cultivating meat from muscle stem cells in vitro requires 3D edible scaffolds as the supporting matrix. Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing is an emerging 3D‐printing technology for fabricating ultrafine fibrous scaffolds with high precision microstructures for biomedical applications. However, edible EHD‐printed scaffolds remain scarce in cultured meat (CM) production partly due to special requirements with regard to the printability of ink. Here, hordein or secalin is mixed, which are cereal prolamins extracted from barley or rye, with zein to produce pure prolamin‐based inks, which exhibit favorable printability similar to common polycaprolactone ink. Zein/hordein and zein/secalin scaffolds with highly ordered tessellated structures are successfully fabricated after optimizing printing conditions. The prolamin scaffolds demonstrated good water stability and in vitro degradability due to the porous fiber surface, which is spontaneously generated by culturing muscle cells for 1 week. Moreover, mouse skeletal myoblasts (C2C12) and porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells (PSCs) can adhere and proliferate on the fibrous matrix, and a CM slice is produced by culturing PSCs on prolamin scaffolds with high tissue similarity. The upregulation of myogenic proteins shows that the differentiation process is triggered in the 3D culture, demonstrating the great potential of prolamin scaffolds in CM production.
Corrosion‐Resistant and High‐Entropic Non‐Noble‐Metal Electrodes for Oxygen Evolution in Acidic Media
Authors: Tajuddin Aimi A. H. , Wakisaka Mitsuru , Ohto Tatsuhiko , Yu Yue , Fukushima Haruki , Tanimoto Hisanori , Li Xiaoguang , Misu Yoshitatsu , Jeong Samuel , Fujita Jun‐ichi , Tada Hirokazu , Fujita Takeshi , Takeguchi Masaki , Takano Kaori , Matsuoka Koji , Sato Yasushi , Ito Yoshikazu
Published: October 2022

To realize a sustainable hydrogen economy, corrosion‐resistant non‐noble‐metal catalysts are needed to replace noble‐metal‐based catalysts. The combination of passivation elements and catalytically active elements is crucial for simultaneously achieving high corrosion resistance and high catalytic activity. Herein, the self‐selection/reconstruction characteristics of multi‐element (nonary) alloys that can automatically redistribute suitable elements and rearrange surface structures under the target reaction conditions during the oxygen evolution reaction are investigated. The following synergetic effect (i.e., cocktail effect), among the elements Ti, Zr, Nb, and Mo, significantly contributes to passivation, whereas Cr, Co, Ni, Mn, and Fe enhance the catalytic activity. According to the practical water electrolysis experiments, the self‐selected/reconstructed multi‐element alloy demonstrates high performance under a similar condition with proton exchange membrane (PEM)‐type water electrolysis without obvious degradation during stability tests. This verifies the resistance of the alloy to corrosion when used as an electrode under a practical PEM electrolysis condition.
An Implantable Magnetic Vascular Scaffold for Circulating Tumor Cell Removal In Vivo
Authors: Yin Zhiwei , Shi Rui , Xia Xin , Li Ling , Yang Yanxia , Li Shengkai , Xu Jieqiong , Xu Yiting , Cai Xinqi , Wang Shen , Liu Zhangkun , Peng Tianhuan , Peng Ying , Wang Hua , Ye Mao , Liu Yanlan , Chen Zhuo , Tan Weihong
Published: October 2022

An integrated trapped device (ITD) capable of removal of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can assuage or even prevent metastasis. However, adhesion repertoires are ordinarily neglected in the design of ITDs, possibly leading to the omission of highly metastatic CTC and treatment failure. Here a vascular‐like ITD with adhesive sites and wireless magnetothermal response to remove highly metastatic CTC in vivo is presented. Such a vascular‐like ITD comprises circumferential well‐aligned fibers and artificial adhesion repertoires and is optimized for magnetothermal integration. Continuous and repeated capture in a dynamic environment increases capture efficiency over time. Meanwhile, the heat generation of the ITD leads to the capture of CTC death owing to cell heat sensitivity. Furthermore, the constructed bioinspired ultrastructure of the ITD prevents vascular blockage and induces potential vascular regeneration. Overall, this work defines an extendable strategy for constructing adhesion repertoires against intravascular shear forces, provides a vascular‐like ITD for reducing CTC counts, and is expected to alleviate the risk of cancer recurrence.
A Deep‐Learning Approach for Low‐Spatial‐Coherence Imaging in Computer‐Generated Holography
Authors: Tong Xin , Xu Renjun , Liu Ke , Zhao Liangliang , Zhu Weilai , Zhao Daomu
Published: October 2022

The low‐spatial‐coherence imaging capability of computer‐generated holography (CGH) is a key to high‐resolution displays, virtual reality, augmented reality, and holographic microscopy. The low spatial coherence caused by complex disturbances can damage the image quality irreversibly. The optical field with low spatial coherence has large fluctuations, making it difficult to be quantified and modeled directly. To tackle these challenges, a deep neural network‐based model U‐residual dense network (U‐RDN) is proposed, which obtains the optimal solution under the low‐spatial‐coherence condition. The large‐scale images are generated using optical experiments, with analysis and restoration by deep learning. Extensive experiments demonstrate the strong out‐of‐distribution robustness of U‐RDN, which is generalizable to unseen classes in unseen domains. The learning‐based approach and low‐spatial‐coherence dataset open a new path toward the next generation of CGH.
One‐pot Construction of Dibenzooxabicyclo[5.5.0]dodecanes
Authors: Hsueh Nai‐Chen , Chen Kuan‐Ting , Chang Meng‐Yang
Published: October 2022

Under the open‐vessel atmosphere conditions, the one‐pot synthesis of bis‐sulfonyl dibenzooxabicyclo[5.5.0]dodecanes was developed by double substitution of 1,3‐dichloroacetone with arenesulfinic acid sodium salts, and C‐ and O‐alkylation of the resulting 1,3‐bis‐sulfonylacetones with 2 equivalents of o‐bis(bromomethyl)arenes. A plausible mechanism is proposed and discussed. This high‐yielding protocol provides an intermolecular substitution and an intramolecular ring‐closure via the formations of three carbon−carbon single (C−C) bonds, two carbon−sulfur single (C−S) bonds, and one carbon−oxygen single (C−O) bond.

magnified image
Persistent and Enhanced Elimination of Bacteria‐Induced Periodontitis Using a Local Drug Delivery Nanoreactor
Authors: Xu Lihua , Chen Shileng , Feng Yushuo , Chen Ming , Liu Yaqing , Ma Xiaoqian , Jing Jinpeng , Meng Shanshan , Yao Youliang , Sun Wenjing , Chen Hongmin
Published: October 2022

Periodontitis, one of the most common dental diseases, is the main cause of tooth loss. Bacterial infection and the host immune response are the dominant factors that determine periodontal disease. Therefore, the key factors in the treatment of periodontitis are to remove pathogenic factors and repair periodontal supporting tissues. In this work, a facile and versatile strategy to prepare pH‐sensitive biomineralized nanoparticles constructed with antibiotic to simultaneously deliver antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and bone repair capabilities is presented. The experiments in vitro show that the nanoreactor achieves good inhibitory effects on three common periodontal pathogens and has activity against damaging inflammatory mediators, reducing lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammatory responses. In vivo CT images of the maxillary molar area and histomorphological and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrate that the nanoparticles repair function for periodontal supporting tissues, reverse the loosened alveolar bone tissue, and remodel the periodontal inflammatory microenvironment. Therefore, the present research provides a feasible approach to both prevent the loss of alveolar bone and repair periodontal tissue.
Symbolic Regression and Two‐Point Statistics Assisted Structure‐Property Linkage Based on Irregular‐Representative Volume Element
Authors: Chen Yiming , Hu Xiaobing , Zhao Jiajun , Wang Zhijun , Li Junjie , Wang Jincheng
Published: October 2022

Quantifying the microstructure of materials is of significance in material development, especially for building the relationship between structure and property. To establish a remarkable structure‐property (SP) linkage, a novel concept referred to as irregular‐representative volume element (IRVE) based on panoramic image stitching technology (PIST) is proposed and a data‐driven scheme integrating irregular domain‐oriented two‐point statistics, principal component analysis (PCA), and symbolic regression based on genetic programming (GPSR) is constructed. Combining with advanced image processing and genetic programming technologies, this scheme improves the microstructure quantization framework. This scheme can not only be applied in different complex conditions for extracting the information of a material microstructure, but can also to embody details of microstructure from the perspective of large scale. IRVE is demonstrated to have both strong statistical representativeness and sufficient physical interpretation, which makes the scheme robust and reliable. Performing the scheme on an example of ferrite heat‐resistant steels, it shows a powerful ability in building an equational SP linkage with high precision (R= 0.91,RMSE= 13.17), the generalization ability of the linkage is also validated by an unseen steel (relative percentage error is 2.66%). The scheme has bright application prospects in predicting mechanical property and accelerating alloy design.
CoP/Fe‐Co9S8 for Highly Efficient Overall Water Splitting with Surface Reconstruction and Self‐Termination
Authors: Chen Xinhong , Cheng Yumeng , Wen Yunzhou , Wang Yaya , Yan Xiao , Wei Jun , He Sisi , Zhou Jia
Published: October 2022

Highly efficient electrochemical water splitting is of prime importance in hydrogen energy but is suffered from the slow kinetics at the anodic oxygen evolution reaction. Herein, combining the surface activation with the heterostructure construction strategy, the CoP/Fe‐Co9S8 heterostructures as the pre‐catalyst for highly efficient oxygen evolution are successfully synthesized. The catalyst only needs 156 mV to reach 10 mA cm−2 and keeps stable for more than 150 h. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, in situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations verify that the introduction of Fe can promote the formation of highly active Co(IV)–O sites and lead to a self‐termination of surface reconstruction, which eventually creates a highly active and stable oxygen evolution catalytic surface. Besides, the catalyst also demonstrates high hydrogen evolution reaction activity with an overpotential of 62 mV@10 mA cm−2. Benefiting from its bifunctionality and self‐supporting property, the membrane electrode assembly electrolyzer equipped with these catalysts achieves high overall water splitting efficiency of 1.68 V@1 A cm−2.
Dual pore‐size sieving in a novel oxygenate‐pillared microporous adsorbent for C6 alkane isomers separation
Authors: Su Yun , Chen Rundao , Zhang Peixin , He Xiao , Liu Xing , Liu Yuan , Xiong Hanting , Zhao Zhiwei , Luo Junhui , Chen Jingwen , Chen Shixia , Zeng Zeling , Bao Zongbi , Deng Shuguang , Wang Jun
Published: October 2022

Adsorbents executing molecular sieving mechanisms for the efficient separation of n‐hexane (C6) alkane isomers require delicate pore size control, but afford unsatisfactory single‐component separations according to their branch degrees. Herein, we report a novel oxygenate‐pillared microporous adsorbent, MoOFOUR‐Co‐tpb, ([Co(tpb)2MoO4], tpb = 1,2,4,5‐tetra(pyridin‐4‐yl) benzene), with three gourd‐shaped channels for dual pore‐size sieving of C6 isomers. In particular, MoOFOUR‐Co‐tpb excludes 2,2‐dimethylbutane, while 3‐methylpentane (3MP) can enter one channel showing a high uptake of 82.6 mg g−1, contrasting to the n‐hexane (nHEX) adsorption by two channels (136 mg g−1). This dual pore‐size control strategy renders a record high equilibrium–kinetic combined selectivity for nHEX/3MP (30.2). Moreover, three‐ and five‐component breakthrough experiments confirm the practical separation performances and cycling stability. Multiple theoretical simulations reveal the separation mechanism and adsorption sites.
Elevated homocysteine levels: What inborn errors of metabolism might we be missing?
Authors: Gonzalez Aixa , Smith Geoffrey Hughes , Gambello Michael J. , Sokolová Jitka , Kožich Viktor , Li Hong
Published: October 2022

Elevated total plasma homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinemia) is a marker of cardiovascular, thrombotic, and neuropsychological disease. It has multiple causes, including the common nutritional vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. However, some rare but treatable, inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) characterized by hyperhomocysteinemia can be missed due to variable presentations and the lack of awareness. The aim of this study is to identify undiagnosed IEM in adults with significantly elevated homocysteine using key existing clinical data points, then IEM specific treatment can be offered to improve outcome. We conducted a retrospective study with data mining and chart review of patients with plasma total homocysteine >30 μmol/L over a two‐year period. We offer biochemical and genetic testing to patients with significant hyperhomocysteinemia without a clear explanation to diagnose IEM. We identified 22 subjects with significant hyperhomocysteinemia but no clear explanation. Subsequently, we offered genetic testing to seven patients and diagnosed one patient with classic homocystinuria due to cystathionine beta‐synthase deficiency. With treatment, she lowered her plasma homocysteine and improved her health. This study stresses the importance of a thorough investigation of hyperhomocysteinemia in adults to identify rare but treatable IEM. We propose a metabolic evaluation algorithm for elevated homocysteine levels.
Missense MED12 variants in 22 males with intellectual disability: From nonspecific symptoms to complete syndromes
Authors: Maia Nuno , Ibarluzea Nekane , Misra‐Isrie Mala , Koboldt Daniel C. , Marques Isabel , Soares Gabriela , Santos Rosário , Marcelis Carlo L. M. , Keski‐Filppula Riikka , Guitart Miriam , Gabau Vila Elisabeth , Lehman April , Hickey Scott , Mori Mari , Terhal Paulien , Valenzuela Irene , Lasa‐Aranzasti Amaia , Cueto‐González Anna Maria , Chhouk Brian H. , Yeh Rebecca C. , Neil Jennifer E. , Abu‐Libde Bassam , Kleefstra Tjitske , Elting Mariet W. , Császár Andrea , Kárteszi Judit , Bessenyei Beáta , van Bokhoven Hans , Jorge Paula , van Hagen Johanna M. , de Brouwer Arjan P. M.
Published: October 2022

We describe the phenotype of 22 male patients (20 probands) carrying a hemizygous missense variant in MED12. The phenotypic spectrum is very broad ranging from nonspecific intellectual disability (ID) to the three well‐known syndromes: Opitz–Kaveggia syndrome, Lujan–Fryns syndrome, or Ohdo syndrome. The identified variants were randomly distributed throughout the gene (p = 0.993, χ2 test), but mostly outside the functional domains (p = 0.004; χ2 test). Statistical analyses did not show a correlation between the MED12‐related phenotypes and the locations of the variants (p = 0.295; Pearson correlation), nor the protein domain involved (p = 0.422; Pearson correlation). In conclusion, establishing a genotype–phenotype correlation in MED12‐related diseases remains challenging. Therefore, we think that patients with a causative MED12 variant are currently underdiagnosed due to the broad patients' clinical presentations.
Selective oxidation of benzyl alcohols by silica‐supported heterogeneous catalyst containing dioxidotungsten(VI) core
Authors: Heydari Neda , Bikas Rahman , Shaterian Maryam , Lis Tadeusz
Published: October 2022

A dioxidotungsten(VI) complex, [WO2L(CH3OH)]·0.5(CH3OH) (1), was prepared by the reaction of WCl6 and tridentate ONO‐donor Schiff base ligand (H2L) that was obtained from the reaction of 2‐hydroxy‐1‐naphthaldehyde with 4‐aminobenzoic hydrazide. Both H2L and 1 were characterized by various analyses including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and UV–Vis spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Single crystal X‐ray analysis was used to determine the crystal structure of the complex, which revealed that there is a free ‐NH2 group in its structure. Therefore, the heterogeneous catalyst was obtained by supporting of 1 on propionyl chloride‐functionalized silica gel. The synthesized supported catalyst (Si‐W) was characterized by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), FT‐IR, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) analyses. The heterogeneous catalyst (Si‐W) was utilized in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol derivatives with H2O2 under reflux condition at air atmosphere. The effects of the concentration of oxidant, temperature, and the nature of solvent on catalytic performance of the resulting compound were investigated and the results indicated that they have considerable effect on the activity and selectivity of Si‐W. The heterogeneous catalyst was recovered several times and reused for oxidation reaction. The results of various analyses including FT‐IR spectroscopy, SEM, TGA, EDS, and XRD indicated that there are no considerable differences between recovered catalyst and the fresh one. The results show that the synthesized silica supported dioxidotungsten(VI) complex is active and stable catalyst for oxidation of benzylic alcohols and its selectivity depends on the reaction condition.
SURVEY, DRILL AND EXCAVATE. Complex geoarchaeological prospection of Bronze Age mounds as a key for understanding undermound architecture. A case study from Myluvannia, Western Ukraine
Authors: Niebieszczański Jakub , Romaniszyn Jan , Makarowicz Przemysław , Rud Vitalii
Published: October 2022

In the area of Western Ukraine, some aspects of mound (barrow) chronology might be resolved by using non‐ or minimally invasive archaeological prospection. As the cemeteries usually comprise two temporal units—the Late Neolithic Corded Ware Culture (third millennium BC) and Middle Bronze Age Komarów culture (second millennium BC)—by referring to particular funerary rites Komarów culture and their magnetic reflection, they can be distinguished by means of magnetometry survey supported with verification drilling. Recognition of the internal structure of the cemeteries is essential when confronted with their vast occurrence in Western Ukraine and also the morphological similarity of mounds. However, due to the great diversity in known grave architecture of the Komarów culture, it is essential to stress that the methodological approach presented here applies only to the specific construction type of burnt wooden and clay structures, which rarely appear in Corded Ware Culture funerary practices. In addition to excavation, the applied methods provided preliminary information on the cultural affiliation and time of the construction of two mounds in Myluvannia in the pre‐excavation stage of research. In this light, it is therefore possible to assess the potential occurrence of Komarów culture mounds in other Western Ukrainian mound cemeteries.
Deciphering the interactions of phytochemicals with ovalbumin, the major food allergen from egg white: spectroscopic and computational studies
Authors: Sarmah Sharat , Hazarika Upasana , Das Sony Moni , Quraishi Sana , Bhatta Anindita , Belwal Vinay Kumar , Jha Anupam Nath , Singha Roy Atanu
Published: October 2022

Ovalbumin (OVA), the major component of egg white, has been used as a model carrier protein to study the interaction of four bioactive phytochemicals 6‐hydroxyflavone, chrysin, naringin, and naringenin. A static quenching mechanism was primarily associated with the complexation of the flavonoids with OVA. Hydrophobic forces play a major part in the stability of the complexes. The structural changes within the protein in response to flavonoid binding revealed a decrease in OVA's α‐helical content. The hypothesized binding site for flavonoids in OVA overlaps with one or more immunoglobulin E‐binding epitopes that may have some effect in the immunoglobulin E response pathway. The flavonoids remain in the same binding site throughout the simulation time and impart protein stability by forming different noncovalent interactions. This study presents comprehensive information about the interaction of the flavonoids with OVA and the associated structural variations after the binding, which might help researchers better comprehend similar medication pharmacodynamics and provide critical information for future therapeutic development.
A direct enzymatic evaluation platform (DEEP) to fine‐tuning pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate‐dependent proteins for cadaverine production
Authors: Xue Chengfeng , Ng I‐Son
Published: October 2022

Pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate (pyridoxal phosphate, PLP) is an essential cofactor for multiple enzymatic reactions in industry. However, cofactor engineering based on PLP regeneration and related to the performance of enzymes in chemical production has rarely been discussed. First, we found that MG1655 strain was sensitive to nitrogen source and relied on different amino acids, thus the biomass was significantly reduced when PLP excess in the medium. Then, the six KEIO collection strains were applied to find out the prominent gene in deoxyxylulose‐5‐phosphate (DXP) pathway, where pdxB was superior in controlling cell growth. Therefore, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi) targeted on pdxB in MG1655 was employed to establish a novel direct enzymatic evaluation platform (DEEP) as a high‐throughput tool and obtained the optimal modules for incorporating of PLP to enhance the biomass and activity of PLP‐dependent enzymes simultaneously. As a result, the biomass has increased by 55% using PlacI promoter driven pyridoxine 5′‐phosphate oxidase (PdxH) with a trace amount of precursor. When the strains incorporated DEEP and lysine decarboxylase (CadA), the cadaverine productivity was increased 32% due to the higher expression of CadA. DEEP is not only feasible for high‐throughput screening of the best chassis for PLP engineering but also practical in fine‐tuning the quantity and quality of enzymes.
Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry determination and pharmacokinetic studies of five phenolic acids in rat plasma after intravenous administration of salvianolic acid for injection
Authors: Feng Cuiyue , Yang Ting , Wei Xiyu , Liu Houru , Zhang Zhenzhen , Zhang Zhifei , Li Wei
Published: October 2022

A simple, efficient, and sensitive ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic study of salvianolic acid D, rosmarinic acid, lithospermicic acid, salvianolic acid B, and salvianolic acid Y in rat plasma after intravenous administration of salvianolic acid for injection. Three doses of administration, containing 10, 25, and 62.5 mg/kg, were investigated. Plasma samples were pretreated using protein precipitation with pre‐cooled acetonitrile. As shown in S1, Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 column (1.7 μm, 2.1 × 100 mm) with a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile‐methanol‐0.5% aqueous formic acid (10:30:60, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. MS was detected by electrospray ion source negative ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was fully validated. The calibration curves for the five phenolic acids were linear in the given concentration ranges. The extraction recoveries, matrix effects, intra‐day and inter‐day precisions, and accuracies of the five analytes were all within acceptable limits. No significant difference of elimination half‐life time (T1/2) of five analytes at three doses was observed. Area under the curve and peak concentration (Cmax) of the five analytes demonstrated a linear increase in the doses with the linear correlation r of each analyte at three doses being greater than 0.915. It indicated that the pharmacokinetic behavior of is positively related to the dose in the range of 10–62.5 mg/kg.
Development of UHPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of tacrolimus and sirolimus in human whole blood and comparisons with two immunoassays
Authors: Liu Boyu , Geng Na , Zhao Haiyan , Tao Yiran , Hu Lei , Huang Lin , Feng Yufei
Published: October 2022

Tacrolimus (TAC) and sirolimus (SIR) antirejection medications are widely used in organ transplantation. We aimed to develop an ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) assay for quantifying TAC and SIR simultaneously and evaluating agreement with chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Whole blood samples collected from 209 TAC and 208 SIR patients were assessed by UHPLC–MS/MS, CMIA and ECLIA. The agreement of the three techniques was assessed using the Bland–Altman plot. The UHPLC–MS/MS assay had a calibration range of 1–100 ng/ml for TAC and SIR. The accuracy and precision were −2.73–4.32% and <4.71% for TAC, respectively, and 0.07–4.84% and <6.5% for SIR, respectively. The three methods had good correlation. In comparison with UHPLC–MS/MS, two immunoassays showed a slight deviation in proportion. An UHPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneously detecting TAC and SIR in human whole blood was developed, validated and comparatively analyzed with CMIA and ECLIA. For determining TAC and SIR, immunoassays displayed acceptable analytical performances in terms of precision and correlation compared with UHPLC–MS/MS. However, further investigation is warranted to examine the novel method.
Patriotism as a conduit to employee environmental engagement in a post‐Soviet economy in transition
Authors: Andrianova Olga , Schaefer Anja , Jones Owain Smoloviç
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the way in which first‐line managers in Belarusian chemical companies used environmental framings of the notion of homeland and linked these to Soviet‐legacy organisational practices in order to encourage members of staff to engage in proenvironmental behaviour at work. Participants presented three different framings of homeland: Rodina (the motherland), small Rodina (one's more immediate surroundings), and Katorga (“a country with forced labour”) to show how a sense of environmental responsibility could (or could not) be linked to them. Different Soviet‐legacy motivational and mobilisation techniques could be used by front‐line managers to encourage and reward proenvironmental engagement in employees who were amenable to different framings of homeland. The paper contributes to the limited literature on patriotism as a conduit to environmental virtue and engagement, and to the equally scarce literature on proenvironmental attitudes and behaviours in post‐Soviet economies in transition. Through rich, qualitative descriptions of emotionally coloured framings of homeland as constitutive of environmental responsibility, we show how notions of patriotism linked to specific organisational practices provide front‐line managers with a language and motivational techniques to address employees' environmental engagement—or lack thereof.
Tracking motion kinematics and tremor with intrinsic oscillatory property of instrumental mechanics
Authors: Ni Chun‐Lun , Lin Yi‐Ting , Lu Liang‐Yin , Wang Jia‐Huei , Liu Wen‐Chuan , Kuo Sheng‐Han , Pan Ming‐Kai
Published: October 2022

Tracking kinematic details of motor behaviors is a foundation to study the neuronal mechanism and biology of motor control. However, most of the physiological motor behaviors and movement disorders, such as gait, balance, tremor, dystonia, and myoclonus, are highly dependent on the overall momentum of the whole‐body movements. Therefore, tracking the targeted movement and overall momentum simultaneously is critical for motor control research, but it remains an unmet need. Here, we introduce the intrinsic oscillatory property (IOP), a fundamental mechanical principle of physics, as a method for motion tracking in a force plate. The overall kinetic energy of animal motions can be transformed into the oscillatory amplitudes at the designed IOP frequency of the force plate, while the target movement has its own frequency features and can be tracked simultaneously. Using action tremor as an example, we reported that force plate‐based IOP approach has superior performance and reliability in detecting both tremor severity and tremor frequency, showing a lower level of coefficient of variation (CV) compared with video‐ and accelerometer‐based motion tracking methods and their combination. Under the locomotor suppression effect of medications, therapeutic effects on tremor severity can still be quantified by dynamically adjusting the overall locomotor activity detected by IOP. We further validated IOP method in optogenetic‐induced movements and natural movements, confirming that IOP can represent the intensity of general rhythmic and nonrhythmic movements, thus it can be generalized as a common approach to study kinematics.
Connections between postparotid terminal branches of the facial nerve: An immunohistochemistry study
Authors: Martínez‐Pascual Paula , Pérez‐Lloret Pilar , Alcaide Eva Maranillo , Sanz‐García Carlos , Simón de Blas Clara , Sanudo José , Konschake Marko , Porzionato Andrea , De Caro Raffaele , Macchi Veronica
Published: October 2022

It has been assumed that connections between the postparotid terminal branches of the facial nerve are purely motor. However, the nature of their fibers remains unexplored. The aim of this study is to determine whether these connections comprise motor fibers exclusively. In total 17 connections between terminal facial nerve branches were obtained from 13 different facial nerves. Choline acetyltransferase antibody (ChAT) was used to stain the fibers in the connections and determine whether or not all of them were motor. All connections contained ChAT positive and negative fibers. The average number of fibers overall was 287 (84–587) and the average proportion of positive fibers was 63% (37.7%–91.5%). In 29% of the nerves, >75% of the fibers were ChAT+ (strongly positive); in 52.94%, 50%–75% were ChAT+ (intermediately positive); and in 17.65%, <50% were ChAT+ (weakly positive). Fibers traveling inside the postparotid terminal cranial nerve VII branch connections are not exclusively motor.
Decision regret related to urinary diversion choices after cystectomy among Chinese bladder cancer patients
Authors: Hou Yinmeng , Chen Yiqian , Lai Shicong , Seery Samuel , Wang Ling , Li Xiaodan , Liu Huixin , Qin Caipeng , Li Wei , Lu Xiangyun , Liu Chunxia , Wang Jia , Xu Tao
Published: October 2022

Aim

To explore factors associated with decision regret after cystectomy among Chinese bladder cancer patients.

Methods

This cross‐sectional study involved 112 patients, who had received radical bladder cancer resection. Participants were recruited from August 2021 until January 2022. The decision regret scale (DRS), decision conflict scale (DCS), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Bladder cancer (FACT‐BL) form were used to measure decision regret, decision conflict, and quality of life. Investigator‐designed items further explored perceptions involved in decision‐making participation and outcomes.

Results

The average score for decision regret was 26.21 (SD 15.886), while decision conflict was 20.27 (SD 13.375) and quality of life was 94.74 (SD 20.873). 57.1% of our participants had a little knowledge about the quality of life of patients who chose an alternate urinary diversion method; however, only 13.4% reported having a clear understanding. In addition, 8.9%, 26.8%, and 36.6% thought that quality of life related to alternate decisions was poor, average, or good, respectively. Multiple regression analysis suggested that decision regret is associated with decision conflict, quality of life, and the perceptions that others (who took alternate urinary diversion decisions) had a better quality of life.

Conclusion

Decision regret is common among Chinese bladder cancer patients, after cystectomy. The prevalence of regret appears to be much higher in Chinese bladder cancer patients compared to similar studies from other regions. Decisions in mainland China are often made by the treating physician or by family members which may cause more profound regret. However, education and economic status are positively related to higher levels of regret which creates questions around knowing, participation, and expectations, which must be explored.
The clinical characteristics, novel predictive tool, and risk classification system for primary Ewing sarcoma patients that underwent chemotherapy: A large population‐based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Chao , Yu Qiu‐Ping , Ding Zichuan , Zhou Zongke , Shi Xiaojun
Published: October 2022

Background

This study aims to determine the independent prognostic predictors of cancer‐specific survival (CSS) in patients with primary Ewing sarcoma (ES) that underwent chemotherapy and create a novel prognostic nomogram and risk stratification system.

Methods

Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics related to patients with primary ES that underwent chemotherapy between 2000 and 2018 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. CSS was the primary endpoint of this study. First, independent prognostic predictors of CSS identified from univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to construct a prognostic nomogram for predicting 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year CSS of patients with primary ES that underwent chemotherapy. Then, calibration curves and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the nomogram's prediction accuracy, while decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the nomogram's clinical utility. Finally, a mortality risk stratification system was constructed for this subpopulation.

Results

A total of 393 patients were included in this study. Age, tumor size, bone metastasis, and surgery were independent prognostic predictors of CSS. The calibration curves, ROC, and DCA showed that the nomogram had excellent discrimination and clinical value, with the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year AUCs higher than 0.700. Moreover, the mortality risk stratification system could effectively divide all patients into three risk subgroups and achieve targeted patient management.

Conclusions

Based on the SEER database, a novel prognostic nomogram for predicting 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐ year CSS in patients with primary ES that underwent chemotherapy has been constructed and validated. The nomogram showed relatively good performance, which could be used in clinical practice to assist clinicians in individualized treatment strategies.
Left atrial thrombus after placement of watchman device
Authors: Isang Emmanuel , Stephens Shawna , Coombes Tyler , Abney Lon , Baljepally Gayathri
Published: October 2022

Atrial fibrillation is an irregular rhythm with increased risk of morbidityand mortality. Commonly due to thromboembolism at the left atrialappendage. Guideline therapy for atrial fibrillation is anticoagulation.Alternative treatment includes closure with the Watchman device. Wepresent a case of Watchman device‐related thrombus seven monthsafter placement.
Sharp expansion of the cesarean delivery uterine incision in women with previous cesarean section scars
Authors: Chatzipapas Ioannis , Diakosavvas Michail , Angelou Kyveli , Kypriotis Konstantinos , Douligeris Athanasios , Kathopoulis Nikolaos
Published: October 2022

Although the blunt uterine incision expansion during a low‐transverse cesarean delivery has prevailed over the sharp technique, the latter should not be completely abandoned. The sharp method with scissors should be considered when managing patients with previous cesarean sections, although more studies are required for a definite answer.
Inadvertent extravasations of norepinephrine
Authors: Pradhan Ravi Ranjan
Published: October 2022

A male patient of diabetic ketoacidosis and septic shock was started on norepinephrine infusion following which he developed bulla and subcutaneous tissue ischemia in the event of inadvertent extravasations of norepinephrine. The patient improved after management with mechanical debridement of necrosed tissue and regular dressing of the wound. The use of higher concentration of norepinephrine via peripheral intravenous route may lead to vasoconstriction and subcutaneous tissue ischemia due to inadvertent extravasations.
A Copper‐Catalyzed [5+1] Cycloaddition of Terminal Alkynes with Diazo Esters through a Tandem 1,5‐H‐Shift Cyclization
Authors: Hao Tonggang , Shi Min , Wei Yin
Published: October 2022

Comprehensive Summary

A copper‐catalyzed [5+1] cycloaddition reaction of terminal alkynes with diazo esters for the rapid construction of protected naphthalen‐1(2H)‐one derivatives in moderate to good yields has been disclosed along with good functional group compatibility and a broad substrate scope. The mechanistic investigations reveal that this tandem cyclization process proceeds through a Cu(I)‐catalyzed coupling of terminal alkyne with diazoacetate, a 1,5‐H shift process and a thermally induced pericyclic reaction via an allene intermediate. The synthetic utility and the further transformations of the obtained cycloadduct to naphthalenone, naphthol and dihydronaphthol have been also presented in this paper.
Simultaneous brightness contrast with three different stimuli: 2D, 3D, and D‐up
Authors: Ikeda Mitsuo , Phuangsuwan Chanprapha
Published: October 2022

In this study, simultaneous brightness contrast was investigated using three different devices: 2D (paper), 3D (space), and D‐up. The paper stimuli were made by printing papers, the space stimuli were produced by illumination in a two‐rooms experimental booth, and the D‐up stimuli were shown to subjects using a D‐up viewer. The brightness of test patches was judged by the amounts of whiteness and blackness. The results were different among the devices; however, if the whiteness of the test patches was plotted for the luminance contrast of the test patch versus the surround, all the data points were expressed by nonlinear equations. Data from the space stimuli were expressed by only one equation; those from the paper stimuli were also expressed by the nonlinear equation but with different coefficients for each test patch. The results from D‐up were between those of the space and paper experiments. All the results were explained in relation to the hypothesized illuminated space over the surrounds. The difference among devices was explained by the whiteness of the surround being transferred to the illumination.
Bitcoin price prediction using optimized multiplicative long short term memory with attention mechanism using modified cuckoo search optimization
Authors: Shahul Hameed Aarif Ahamed , Ravi Chandrasekar
Published: October 2022

For the past few years, Bitcoin plays a vital role in both the economical and financial industries. In order to gain a huge return on investment, the investors are eager to forecast the future value of Bitcoin. However, Bitcoin price variation is quite nonlinear and chaotic in nature, so it creates more difficulty in forecasting future value. Researchers found that the multiplicative long short term memory (LSTM) model will be more efficient for predicting those complex variations. So, target mission is about to develop an optimized multiplicative LSTM with an Attention mechanism using Technical Indicators derived from historical data. A modified cuckoo search optimization model is proposed to tune the hyperparameter of the Deep Learning model. This novel optimization algorithm eliminates the local optimum and slower convergence problem of the cuckoo search optimization algorithm. Deibold Mariano test is performed to statistically evaluate the proposed model and it is inferred that the recommended methodology is statistically fit. Regression metrics such as root mean square error, mean square error and mean absolute error has been used for comparative evaluation with related benchmark techniques such as genetic algorithm optimized LSTM (GA–LSTM), particle swarm optimized LSTM (PSO–LSTM) and cuckoo search optimized LSTM (CSO–LSTM). The empirical result shows that the recommended methodology outperforms the taken benchmark models and provides better accuracy.
A novel approach to alleviate data sparsity and generate dynamic fruit recommendations from point‐of‐sale data
Authors: Gupta Garima , Katarya Rahul
Published: October 2022

Recommender systems have become a core part of the retail experience. Retailers often rely on recommender systems to help them drive more conversions through targeted communication and advertisements. However, recommender systems are not one size fits all. Specialized retailers require specialized recommender systems to consider various features, attributes, and dynamics about the product category. In this paper, we have proposed a novel fruit recommender system that generates dynamic recommendations while remediating the problem of data sparsity. We have developed a novel fruit recommender system that considers the temporal dynamics in the fruit market, like price fluctuations, fruit seasonality, and quality variations that occur throughout the year. To perform this task, we have used Recurrent Recommender Network (RRN), which uses the deep learning method Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) to implement the system model. To ensure that our work and results obtained are practical, we have worked in a real‐world setting, by tying up with a specialty fruit retailer based in New Delhi to get the real‐world Point‐of‐Sale (POS) data of consumers. The result of the study suggests our algorithm performs better than other benchmark algorithms along NDCG and RMSE metrics.