bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Diversified Model of Teacher Education in the United States
Authors: Du Yushi
Published: April 2023

American teacher education has always been at the forefront of the world. With the changes of economy, politics and culture, the teacher education model in the United States has undergone major adjustments and changes, and has achieved remarkable results, which has attracted wide attention from all countries in the world. This study focuses on the theme of “American teacher education diversification model”. Through the interpretation of its history, current situation, causes and characteristics, we can find out its rationality and lack. It is expected to provide a good perspective for the re-examination of China’s teacher education model, and provide a historical perspective and international comparison for the reconstruction of China’s teacher education model.
Research on the Talk of Higher Vocational College Counselors Under the Background of Situational Leadership Theory
Authors: Zhang Yuanjie
Published: April 2023

In order to promote the effectiveness of higher vocational colleges counselors talk talk, using literature method, logic analysis method, interview analysis method analyzes the application practice of leadership theory, and based on the leadership theory of the student group, put forward for different students talk notes and key points.
Human Resource Management and Organizational Performance in A Primary School in China
Authors: Li Sen
Published: April 2023

Human resource management is a key factor in creating and developing a productive workforce and is at the forefront of the school competitiveness debate. With the rapid growth in the size of elementary schools, there is an urgent need for appropriate management to improve organizational performance. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between human resource management and organizational performance in elementary schools and to explore new ways to improve organizational performance. This study uses the qualitative method of case studies to analyze human resource needs through observation, interviews, and documentation, plan positions based on the school's vision, mission, and goals, develop job descriptions and job specifications, conduct planning to improve the quality of education, and then develop and train existing human resources to improve the quality of resources for those targeted by the educational institution. Based on the results of the study, administrators were able to recognize differences in teachers' backgrounds, establish effective recruitment and placement strategies, build competitive leadership teams, and significantly improve human resource management.
Analyzing the Factors Affecting College Students’ Understanding of Business Ethics Courses
Authors: Qian Lingxuan
Published: April 2023

Today, with the rapid development of economic activities, the importance of business ethics education for college students has gradually increased. Many universities have set up courses related to business ethics to lay a foundation for students' future vocational education. In this work, a questionnaire was sent to college students from all over the country. SPSS analysis of data collected from participants found that the main factors affecting college students' understanding of business ethics and its curriculum were gender and age – women and older people showed a more rigorous and cautious attitude when considering business ethics issues, and had higher expectations and evaluations of the effectiveness of the courses. Besides, compared to understandings of ethics, the influence of other potential factors on college students is mainly reflected in the recognition of willingness to study and course effect.
An Analysis of The Artistic Features and Cultural Connotation of The Bronze Mirror Decoration in Tang Dynasty
Authors: Hou Shuchun
Published: April 2023

Bronze mirrors played an indispensable role in the development history of Chinese ancient arts and crafts. It plays a pivotal role in the whole cultural system. Its shape and decorative patterns embody the essence of Chinese traditional culture, and at the same time, it is the product of the comprehensive influence of political, economic and cultural elements in the specific historical period, and with the progress of society and the development of the era, it shows the unique artistic style and characteristics. As an ancient creature image, sea beasts have a close relationship with bronze mirrors. They not only reflect the yearning and pursuit of beautiful things at that time, but also reflect the unique ideas and aesthetic taste of Chinese people. This article takes the decoration theme of the Tang Dynasty sea animal grape mirror as the entry point and probes into its decorative art features and cultural connotation.
The Mental Health Status and Influencing Factors of the Elderly in Nursing Homes
Authors: Yang Jiyao
Published: April 2023

The base of the elderly population in China is increasing year by year, and the acceleration of population aging has led to more attention to the psychological problems of the elderly. It is also imperative to discuss the mental health status of the elderly population in current nursing homes. The paper discusses the current psychological status of the elderly in nursing homes, points out various factors that currently plague their mental health, and proposes countermeasures for improving their mental health in the future, providing a reference for related research.
Research on the Feasibility and Implementation Methods of The Mixed Infant Care Model Combining Generational Separation and Inclusive Community Care in China
Authors: Shuai Jingqi , Wang Jinhua , Zhao Can , Cen Xiao , Yuan Xiao
Published: April 2023

The discussion on the aging society has always been a hot issue. How to solve the aging society and improve the national fertility rate is related to the progress of the nation and the rejuvenation of the country, and the two-child and three-child policy comes one after another, which all reveals the severity of this problem. Taking the construction of national inclusive infant care community as the entry point, this paper innovatively proposes to connect the traditional intergenerational parenting mode with the construction of inclusive infant care community. By reading literature, this paper analyzes the feasibility of domestic status quo, policies, domestic and foreign experiences, and active aging. Opinions and suggestions covering the central, local, social and talent levels were put forward.
The Characteristics and Legislative Thinking of AI Painting Tort
Authors: He Jun
Published: April 2023

With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, the application of AI painting in the field of art is increasingly widespread, but also caused a lot of legal problems, especially the infringement of AI painting. This paper aims to explore the phenomenon of AI painting infringement, including its causes, characteristics, risks, identification methods and related legislative direction. This paper points out that the characteristics of AI painting infringement are a large number of crawling data of original works, lack of creativity, depriving the original author of income, hidden infringement process is difficult to find. Risks of AI painting mainly include risks of falsified materials, unemployment and artistic ethics. The method of AI painting infringement determination needs to consider whether the data source of AI painting is legitimate and whether the work has generated commercial value. As for the direction of legislation, this paper suggests that copyright ownership, infringement subjects and infringement behaviors should be clarified, so as to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the original authors and promote the sound development of AI painting technology. With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, the application of AI painting in the field of art is increasingly widespread, but also caused a lot of legal problems, especially the infringement of AI painting. This paper aims to explore the phenomenon of AI painting infringement, including its causes, characteristics, risks, identification methods and related legislative direction. This paper points out that the characteristics of AI painting infringement are a large number of crawling data of original works, lack of creativity, depriving the original author of income, hidden infringement process is difficult to find. Risks of AI painting mainly include risks of falsified materials, unemployment and artistic ethics. The method of AI painting infringement determination needs to consider whether the data source of AI painting is legitimate and whether the work has generated commercial value. As for the direction of legislation, this paper suggests that copyright ownership, infringement subjects and infringement behaviors should be clarified, so as to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the original authors and promote the sound development of AI painting technology.
Reflections on the Protection of Cultural Heritage Tourism of The Three Kingdoms from The Perspective of Cultural Routes
Authors: Sui Qinqin
Published: April 2023

The cultural route is undoubtedly an important stage in the history of world heritage development. It enriches the connotation of world heritage and has trans-epochal significance. With the help of the dynamic and open perspective of the cultural route, the article sorts out the protection principles of the cultural heritage of the Three Kingdoms from the perspective of the cultural route, and analyzes the significance of the integrity and cross-regional protection. It also proposes the establishment of protected area protection mechanisms and community participation issues. As a new concept and new method in the international heritage protection circle, cultural routes provide new thinking and improved enlightenment for the overall protection of cross-regional and comprehensive cultural heritage in the three countries.
Bases metodológicas para la comprensión de las competencias matemáticas
Authors: Orozco Carvajal Carlos Andrés
Published: April 2023

El siguiente artículo muestra los avances significativos que se han realizado en la investigación de la adquisición de competencias matemáticas, dando claridad al problema de investigación, la fundamentación de la misma y los diferentes aspectos metodológicos de la investigación a desarrollar. En este sentido, teniendo en cuenta a Hurtado (2010) el enfoque de la investigación se basará la Comprensión Holística de la Ciencia, en el Método Holopráxico (Espiral Holística) y en una Investigación de tipo Proyectiva. El soporte teórico de competencias de manera general y las competencias matemáticas se centra en los siguientes autores: De Zubiría (2006, 2014), Tobón et al (2006), Tobón (2013), Perrenoud (2012), Romero (2019), D’amore et al (2008) y Solar et al (2014). Estos investigadores indican cómo se deben trabajar las competencias, y la forma como se articulan los diferentes pensamientos para obtener una comprensión amplia e integrativa de las competencias matemáticas, teniendo como base las tres dimensiones (sinergias) de las competencias (cognitiva, socioafectiva y práxica). Por consiguiente, al poder integrar los diferentes elementos, características, factores y condiciones asociadas que se presentan en el proceso de formación (enseñanza, aprendizaje y evaluación), se  podrá diseñar una propuesta desde una perspectiva holística e integral para la adquisición de las competencias matemáticas. En definitiva, la propuesta que se diseñará tiene como finalidad permitir que los estudiantes de grado noveno en la zona rural de las instituciones educativas bajo la modalidad agropecuaria sean matemáticamente competentes y resuelvan los problemas de su entorno y contexto, a partir de la aplicación de las diferentes competencias matemáticas que adquieran y desarrollen en el ambiente de aprendizaje.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Trabajo cooperativo y pensamiento crítico de los docentes de educación superior tecnológica en el Perú
Authors: Chachi Montes Lizardo , Sánchez Quispe Olga Lidia , Tito Matos Roger Milthon , Franco Carpio Cesar Alberto , Camposano Córdova Álvaro Ignacio
Published: April 2023

El estudio constituyó una investigación básica, partió del problema: ¿Cuál es la relación que se presenta entre el trabajo cooperativo y el pensamiento crítico en los docentes de educación superior tecnológica de una Dirección Regional de Educación en el Perú?; como objetivo fue: determinar el grado de relación que se presenta entre el trabajo cooperativo y el pensamiento crítico en los docentes de educación superior tecnológica de una Dirección Regional de Educación del Perú. Con una población de 838 y una muestra de 90 docentes de Institutos de Educación Superior Tecnológico de una Dirección Regional de Educación del Perú. Se  tuvo como método general el método científico y como método especifico el descriptivo, con un diseño correlacional; teniendo como variables el trabajo cooperativo y el pensamiento crítico; utilizando como técnica la observación y el encuestado virtual y como instrumento el cuestionario de trabajo cooperativo y de pensamiento crítico, cuyos resultados fueron analizados estadísticamente mediante  el estadígrafo de r de Pearson llegando a determinar una relación significativa entre el trabajo, cooperativo y el pensamiento crítico  con una r = 793**. Así mismo el estudio muestra la relación del trabajo cooperativo con las dimensiones del pensamiento crítico, como manejo de información del pensamiento crítico alcanza una r=0,774** correlación significativa, con la dimensión de la capacidad de reflexión una r =0,511** correlación significativa y con la dimensión de la capacidad de toma de decisiones r=0,669** una correlación significativa.
Geographical Distribution of the Kurds in Eastern Sudan
Authors: Jalal Jawhar , Muhamad Qadir Kamaran
Published: April 2023

History of Kurdish emigration to Sudan dates back to three different stages: The first stage dates back to the late thirteenth century and Saladin Ayyubid’s era, the second one to Sultan Selim’s era when eastern Sudan territories was invaded by the Ottomans, and the last stage to Muhammad Ali Pasha’s era. During these stages, the Kurds move to Sudan as soldiers and military commanders, and some of them stayed there and did not return to their homelands. The study answers the following questions: Are there Kurds in Eastern Sudan? Which cities are inhabited by the Kurds? How many Kurds are there, why did they stay there and did not they return to their country? The study relies more on data collection through interviews with the Kurds in Sudan. The researcher visited the cities and areas in which the Kurds inhabit. Oral history, narrative historical, and historical analysis methods are used in the study. However, a new style of interview is used, which is called “a mass interview,” in which several people are interviewed at the same place and time, and the most suitable answer is taken into consideration. Moreover, other sources such as books and historical documents are also used. The study concludes by clarifying the history and causes of Kurdish emigration to Sudan, the main region of the Kurds in Sudan, and the number and the influence of the Kurds in Sudan at large.
Ibn Hisham's Responses to Grammarians in the Verbs
Authors: Ahmed Mustafa Dana
Published: April 2023

In the name of God, the most gracious, the most merciful Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, the faithful, and prayers and peace be upon the most eloquent of those who uttered adverbs, and upon his family, companions, and followers, and after: Grammar was not one of the Arabic sciences with which Al-Ala was concerned, old and new, and satiated it with research and scrutiny, until it matured and bore fruit. Each of the phases of this science was the result of the effects of those who were familiar with it and those who were devoted to it, who laid down its foundations and raised its foundations. These are the ones who dedicated themselves to building this great shrine, (Ibn Hisham Al-Ansari 761 AH), who left clear traces in this field.
ÖĞRENCİLERDE İŞ SAĞLIĞI VE GÜVENLİĞİ DERSİNİN ETKİNLİĞİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: ŞEN Mehmet Ali , KURT Mehmet Emin , DÖNDER Ahmet
Published: April 2023

Öz

Çalışmamız sağlık bölümlerinde öğrenim görmekte olan öğrencilerin iş sağlığı ve güvenliği (İSG) konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olup olmadıklarını belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirildi.

Çalışmamız bir devlet üniversitesindeki sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokulunda öğrenim gören öğrencilere uygulandı. Araştırmamız tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte olup evrenin bilindiği durumlarda örneklem belirleme formülünden yararlanılıp basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile 150 öğrenciye ulaşılmıştır.

Araştırmamıza katılan öğrencilerin % 68’i 18-20 yaş arasındaydı. Öğrencilerin %83,3’ü İSG konusunda bir toplantı, konferansa katılmamıştı. Katılımcıların İSG ile ilgili bilgiyi en yüksek oranda okuldan (%30) ve internetten (%20) edindiklerini belirttiler. Öğrenciler, hastanelerdeki İSG kurallarının ihlaliyle oluşacak en büyük riskin (%50,8) bulaşıcı hastalıkların yayılımı olduğunu ve daha sonra (%15,1) yetersiz personel sayısı olduğunu bildirdiler. İSG derslerinin sağlık okullarının müfredatına dâhil olmasını isteyenler %87, okudukları programda ders içeriği olarak bu dersi almak isteyenler ise %82,7’idi. İSG kurallarını bilmenin iş bilincini artıracağını düşünenler %82 oranında en yüksekti. Öğrencilerin %48 meslekleri ile ilgili güncel iş kazalarını biliyordu. Öğrencilerin %89,4’ü ilk yardım derslerini can güvenliğinin sağlanması için faydalı buluyordu. Katılımcıların %68’i İSG kurallarının güvenli çalışma için gerekli olduğunu, % 79,3’ü üretimin İSG’ den daha önemli olmadığını ve %54’ü iş yerinde riskli davranış sergilememenin önemine katılıyordu. İSG konusunda çıkabilecek sorunları daha çok yöneticilerin sorunu olduğunu bildirenler % 69 oranındaydı. Yangın, elektrik ve doğal afet gibi durumlarda öğrencilerin sadece %38’i ne yapacağını biliyordu. İSG’ nin sadece çalışma ortamında değil tüm yaşamda etkili olduğunu düşünenler %90 ve güvenlik kurallarının bazen bile göz ardı edilmemesini düşünenlerin oranı %80,7’idi. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin anket sonuçlarına bakılarak iş sağlığı ve güvenliğinin önemi konusunda farkındalığı yüksek olduğu söylenebilir. Farkındalığın yanı sıra öğrencilerin bilgi ve deneyimlerini artıracak çalışmalara ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sağlık bölümleri, eğitim, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği
Nun sag, wer ist mein Vater?“ – Eine Besprechung der jüngsten Normierung des Auskunftsanspruchs des Spenderkindes nach einer Samenspende
Authors: Buskotte Rabea
Published: April 2023

Der Beitrag befasst sich mit dem am 1. 7. 2018 in Kraft getretenen Gesetz zur Regelung des sich aus Art. 2 I i. V. m.
Art. 1 I GG ergebenden Rechts auf Kenntnis der Abstammung eines mittels Samenspende gezeugten Kindes. Ziel des Gesetzes ist es, dieses Recht zu stärken. Der Beitrag schaut auf die Umsetzung dieses Ziels.
Das BVerwG und die Küken – vermeintliche Alternativlosigkeit als vorübergehend vernünftiger Grund
Authors: Hendorf Juliane
Published: April 2023

In Deutschland werden jährlich über 45 Mio. männliche Küken direkt nach dem Schlüpfen getötet, weil sie für die Eierindustrie ungeeignet sind und ihre Aufzucht für die Fleischproduktion ebenfalls nicht lukrativ wäre. Das BVerwG hatte nun über die Rechtmäßigkeit eines Verbots dieser Praxis zu entscheiden.
Carl Schmitts staatstheoretisches Werk in der Weimarer Republik
Authors: Albers Till Nima
Published: April 2023

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem rechtswissenschaftlichen Werk Carl Schmitts aus der Zeit der Weimarer Republik. Schmitt führte metajuristische, d. h. das Recht konstituierende, aber selbst rechtlichen Operationen nicht zugängliche, Kategorien in den juristischen Diskurs ein, um eine Fundamentalkritik
an der Weimarer Reichsverfassung zu üben und sich für eine Umgründung der Republik nach faschistischem Vorbild einzusetzen.
Kaltblütig – Nichtwahrheitsgemäßer Bericht über einen Mord und seine Folgen
Authors: Merth Leonore
Published: April 2023

Der Beitrag behandelt schwerpunktmäßig Probleme der
limitierten Akzessorietät beim Mordtatbestand. Des Weiteren geht es um die Verleitung zur Falschaussage beim Irrtum über die Gutgläubigkeit des Vordermanns.
Adam von Trott zu Solz
Authors: Albrecht Timo Marcel
Published: April 2023

Der folgende Beitrag porträtiert in Kurzform Leben und Wirken des Göttinger Juristen und Widerstandskämpfers Adam von Trott zu Solz. Sämtliche Angaben sind der umfangreichen und äußerst lesenswerten, durch Benigna von Krusenstjern verfassten Biografie entnommen.
Buchbesprechung zu Thiele, Allgemeine Staatslehre
Authors: Loxen Victor Johannes
Published: April 2023

Die folgende Rezension behandelt das bei UTB aufgelegte Buch »Allgemeine Staatslehre – Begriff, Möglichkeit, Fragen im 21. Jahrhundert« (Tübingen, 2020) von Priv.?Doz. Dr. Alexander Thiele, 323 Seiten, ISBN 978-3-8252-5381-3, 22 €.
Verfassungsmäßige Sanktionen im Sozialrecht: Ein Dilemma der bundesverfassungsgerichtlichen Menschenwürdejudikatur
Authors: Schmidt Lara
Published: April 2023

Der Aufsatz bereitet die Entscheidungsinhalte des umstrittenen Sanktionenurteils des BVerfG studierendengerecht auf und analysiert das Urteil anschließend verfassungsrechtlich. Dabei wird insbesondere aufgezeigt, dass sich das Sanktionenurteil zwar in die bisherige Rechtsprechung des BVerfG zu Art. 1 I GG (i. V. m. dem Sozialstaatsprinzip) einfügt, gleichwohl dogmatisch nicht überzeugen kann. Dieses Spannungsverhältnis weist auf ein besonderes Dilemma der bundesverfassungsrechtlichen enschenwürdejudikatur hin, welches sich mit der interpretatorischen Offenheit der Würdenorm, sowie ihrer besonderen Entstehungs- und Entwicklungsgeschichte erklären lässt.
Von edlem Wein und Kettenkarussells
Authors: Mackenstedt Aron
Published: April 2023

Die hier besprochene Anfängerklausur stellt eine Kombination aus Problemen des Allgemeinen Schuldrechts (konkretisierte Gattungsschuld, Unmöglichkeit, Annahmeverzug) und einer Abwandlung des vom BGH 1971 entschiedenen Flugreisefalls dar.
»Im Namen des Volkes« – Gerichtliche Rollenspiele als Schlüsselqualifikation
Authors: Dr. Weinrich Gesine , Dr. Lemmer Georg
Published: April 2023

Schon im Frühstadium der juristischen Ausbildung lassen
sich erste Erfahrungen in der gerichtlichen Verhandlungstaktik machen. Neben prozessrechtlichen Kenntnissen können Studierende durch die Simulation von Gerichtsverhandlungen an der Seite von Praktiker:innen sozial-kommunikative Kompetenz erwerben, die in juristischen Berufen von besonderer Bedeutung ist.
Das böswillige Untätigbleiben ohne Einstehungspflicht – nur eine unterlassene Hilfeleistung?
Authors: Biergann Leonhard
Published: April 2023

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem der weitgehenden Strafbarkeitslücke der (von mir sogenannten) »böswillig « unterlassenen Hilfeleistung ohne Garantenpflichtigkeit des Täters, auf das ich im zweiten Semester meines Studiums aufgrund eines Falles aus meinem damaligen Strafrecht IIBegleitkolleg 1 stieß und das ich seither - erst recht, nachdem ich feststellte, dass das Problem in der Strafrechtsliteratur bisher (noch) nicht näher thematisiert worden ist - einer angemessenen Lösung zuführen möchte. Daher beschränkt sich mein Beitrag nicht nur auf das Beschreiben der bestehenden Strafzumessungslücke, sondern stellt zugleich einen konkreten Lösungsvorschlag zu ihrer Schließung vor.
Von Assistenzhunden und Hunden im Wolfspelz
Authors: Ameln Maximilian H. von
Published: April 2023

Die der Fallbearbeitung zugrunde liegenden Klausur verbindet Fragestellungen des Allgemeinen Teils des BGB mit solchen des Schuldrechts und des Sachenrechts. Schwerpunktmäßig behandelt sie Probleme im Zusammenhang mit dem Verkauf von Tieren, AGB sowie der arglistigen Täuschung in Konstellationen mit einer Stellvertetung.
Professorenvorstellung
Authors: Prof. Dr. Meinel Florian
Published: April 2023

Als neu berufener Professor für Staatstheorie, Vergleichendes Staatsrecht und Politische Wissenschaften stellt sich Prof. Dr. Florian Meinel den Studierenden und Mitarbeitenden der Juristischen Fakultät Göttingen vor.
Rudolf Smend: Göttinger Gelehrter wider Willen
Authors: Schwab Sebastian , Bieberle-Aumann Mattis
Published: April 2023

In verfassungsrechtlichen und verfassungstheoretischen Abhandlungen taucht sein Name immer noch bisweilen auf: Rudolf Smend. Was ihn zu einer prägenden Gestalt der
Göttinger Universität und der Staatsrechtslehre der Nachkriegszeit werden ließ, möchte der folgende Beitrag beleuchten.
Abgemacht ist abgemacht – oder?!
Authors: Stelter Jonathan
Published: April 2023

Der Beitrag setzt sich insbesondere mit der Abgrenzung von
Schadensersatz statt und Schadenersatz neben der Leistung auseinander. Daneben behandelt er das Mängelgewährleistungsrecht bei Tieren. Aus didaktischen Gründen erfolgt die Lösung bereits auf Grundlage der zum 1.1.2022 in Kraft tretenden Änderungen im Kaufrecht, auch wenn für »Altverträge « noch die alten Fassungen maßgeblich sind.
Die Säulen der Examensvorbereitung
Authors: Basse Andreas , Wurzel Francesca-Maria
Published: April 2023

Der Beitrag gibt angehenden Examenskandidatinnen und - kandidaten einen Überblick über die Alternativen bei der Ausgestaltung der persönlichen Examensvorbereitung. Andreas Basse zeigt sich für die Beitragsteile [A; B; C I, C II 1, C IV] verantwortlich, Francesca-Maria Wurzel für die Gliederungspunkte [C II 2; C III, C V, D].
Zurückstecken für die Zukunft?
Authors: Bitz Lena
Published: April 2023

Das BVerfG hat im sogenannten »Klimabeschluss« vom
24. März 2021 eine neue Grundrechtsdimension hergeleitet, die intertemporale Freiheitssicherung. Diese wird im Beitrag vorgestellt, dogmatisch eingeordnet und kritisch beleuchtet. Dabei wird gezeigt, wie und unter welchen Voraussetzungen sie Wirkung entfaltet.
Miete, Arbeit und Corona
Authors: Bieberle-Aumann Mattis
Published: April 2023

Die auf einer Originalklausur beruhende Fallbearbeitung beschäftigt sich mit den Folgen der pandemiebedingten Schließung von Restaurants für den Anspruch der Vermieter auf Zahlung des Gewerbemietzinses sowie für den Lohnanspruch geringfügig Beschäftigter. Daneben wird ein Sonderfall eines sog. Anweisungsfalls in einem bereicherungsrechtlichen Dreipersonenverhältnis thematisiert.
An analysis of risk factors for Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB): a hospital-based study
Authors:   Master Program in Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Wahyuningsih Sri , Zulkifli Andi ,   Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Arsin A. Arsunan ,   Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, - Ansariadi ,   Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Nasir Sudirman ,   Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Muis Masyita ,   Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Mumang Andi Agus ,   Postgraduate school, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is the world's most serious problem and one of the leading causes of death. Because of its difficult diagnosis, high rates of treatment failure, and death, MDR-TB is a new challenge in TB control programs. The study aims to identify and analyze the risk factors of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). The study used a case control study design and was conducted at the Labuang Baji Hospital in Makassar City, Indonesia. The sample was 140 people consisting of 70 in the case group and 70 in the control group. Purposive sampling was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using STATA program with Multiple Logistic Regression. Significant risk factors of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) were duration of treatment (OR= 5.655 [Cl 95%: 2.507-12.999]; p<0.001), previous treatment history (OR= 4.833 [Cl 95%: 2.092-11.525]; p<0.001), PMO factor (OR= 3.106 [Cl 95%: 1.227-8.338]; p=0.008), compliance with drugs (OR= 10.961 [Cl 95%: 4.640-26.40]; p<0.001), drug side effects (OR=2.521 [Cl 95%: 1.070-6.126]; p=0.020) and protective factor is the complexity of drug regimen (OR= 0.329 [Cl 95%: 0.136-0.768]; p=0.005). It can be concluded that compliance with drugs is a dominant risk factor for MDR-TB. Improved TB control programs by monitoring the treatment of patients who experienced treatment failure (dropout) probably will increase treatment adherence and cut off MDR-TB transmission.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in the least developed province Balochistan of Pakistan – an observational descriptive study
Authors:   Provincial Public Health Laboratory, Health Directorate Quetta, Pakistan, Sabir adia , Sabir Nazish ,   Goverment Girls Postgraduate College, Jinnah Town, Quetta, Pakistan, Banaras Nadia ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan, Liaquat Afrose ,   Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Khan Muhammad Jawad ,   Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: April 2023

This study was designed to determine the epidemiological and clinical attributes of COVID-19 patients in the least developed province of Balochistan, Pakistan. The information was obtained from the daily situation report by the Health Department, Government of Balochistan, Pakistan. We investigated the reports of 4177 patients confirmed by RT-PCR tests. Demographic, epidemiological and risk factors data along with comorbidities and clinical signs were recorded. Out of 4500 suspected cases, 4177 cases were directed for the confirmation of COVID-19. A sum of 2177 patients was confirmed to have COVID-19 and 2000 individuals tested negative for the illness. Out of 4177 patients, 2000 patients recovered but 177 patients died because of COVID-19. In current statistics, most males were affected by COVID-19 as 3243 (77.69%) were males and 934 (22.36%) were females. A total of 90.81% of individuals had fever, 88.97% had a cough, 81% had body throbs, and 89.66% had a sore throat. Shortness of breath was observed in 97.06% and 44.09 % had comorbidity. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the outcome of patients was associated with gender and symptoms. The district Quetta had the maximum number of COVID-19 cases and deaths. COVID-19 cases and case casualty proportion are low in Balochistan. Whether this is because of failure to do more tests is still to be discovered. Males and individuals of older age are more impacted, and fatalities were higher in cases with co-morbid conditions. Balochistan has a feeble medical care framework and many asymptomatic cases, and needs more rigid screening activities.
Structural equation modeling for explaining preventive health practices of rural adults in the new normal context of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Bangladesh, Alam Muhammed Ashraful , Haque Md. Nazmul ,   Brigadier General and Director, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Bangladesh, Saha Shuvashis ,   Center for Integrated Social Development (CISD), Bangladesh, Farheen Faiza ,   Center for Integrated Social Development (CISD), Bangladesh, Panthumas Suphawadee ,   Public Health Department, Mahidol University, Amnatcharoen Campus, Thailand, Zuenkova J.A. ,   Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

The effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are not only limited to health, they also impinge on the social life and economy of communities around the globe. Challenges faced by developing countries such as Bangladesh were multi-factorial and its rural population was highly vulnerable in this situation due to their cultural and sociodemographic context. Preventive behavioral changes were considered the best way to fight against the virus in absence of specific treatment and vaccines. This study has tried to explain preventive health practices during the COVID-19 pandemic, and aimed to explore the causal relationships of its major determinants through structural equation modeling (SEM) based on reasoned action approach (RAA). This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 among 810 rural Bangladeshi respondents aged 18-55 years. Around half of the respondents showed poor knowledge, motivation and practice regarding COVID-19 and its prevention. Along with socio-demographic factors, information, attitude, motivation, and intention of the people were found to be associated with the adoption of preventive health practices. The causal model of the COVID-19 prevention behaviors was assessed and justified through SEM. The model fits well with the empirical data (GFI=0.94, CFI=0.97, NFI=0.97, RMSEA=0.05, SRMR=0.04). Intention significantly influenced COVID-19 prevention behavior directly, showing the highest effect (β=0.89, p<0.001). Attitude (β=0.83, p<0.001) and motivation (β=0.15, p<0.001) also showed significant direct effects on intention. All the predictors together explained 79.6% of the variance for COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Adequate knowledge, a positive attitude, proper motivation, and positive intention can encourage rural adults to adopt healthy behaviors against COVID-19. The theoretical model of the study effectively explained COVID-19 preventive behaviors rationally and provided a roadmap for policy-makers to formulate strategies to combat COVID-19 and any future similar pandemic.
Evaluation of binge drinking behavior among working-age populations in Thailand using GIS: A national survey in 2017
Authors:   Doctor of Public Health Program, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, Prasit Nakarin , Laohasiriwong Wongsa ,   Lecturer, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Phimha Surachai ,   Lecturer, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Bouphan Prachak ,   Lecturer, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Senahad Nopparat ,   Lecturer, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Yotha Nuttapol ,   Doctor of Public Health Program, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, Nonthamat Ampawan ,   Bangkok Hospital KhonKaen, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Kongsrima Supat ,   Udonthani Provincial Public Health Office, Udonthani, Thailand, Thummawongsa Pittaya ,   Udonthani Provincial Public Health Office, Udonthani, Thailand
Published: April 2023

This study identifies the prevalence of binge drinking behaviour and the statistical relationship between local patterns and binge drinking behaviour among the working-age population in Thailand. This study was conducted using The Smoking and Drinking Behaviour Survey 2017 data set from the National Statistical Office of Thailand. Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) were used to identify the spatial autocorrelation between surrounding areas, with binge drinking behaviour among the working-age population in Thailand. Findings showed that among the 61,708 participants, 11.47% engaged in binge drinking behaviour. There was aspatial global autocorrelation between the surrounding areas and binge drinking behaviour among the working-age population, with a Moran’s I value of 0.579. The LISA analysis indicated nine hotspots or high–high clusters. In Thailand, there is a cultural context that encourages risky behaviour such as drinking alcohol beyond the standards set by law. Therefore, to manage this problem efficiently and effectively, the public and private sectors and related agencies should raise awareness about the health effects of binge drinking and promote health literacy to local residents while engaging all sectors in managing alcohol behaviour in all areas. This type of approach is sustainable and can have long-term effects on society.
Carnivorous plants and conservation – the role of carnivorous plant enthusiasts
Authors: Fleischmann Andreas
Published: April 2023

Carnivorous plants and their unique habitats face various threats, most of them being anthropogenic. About 25% of the known 860 carnivorous plant species are threatened or face extinction. Two of the threats are predominantly caused by “carnivorous plant lovers”. The actions include 1) sale and trade of plants that have been illegally collected from the wild, a threat that has continuously increased in the past years and 2) planting of exotic carnivorous plant species into pristine habitats of native species. This article illustrates these problems and shows causal connections and the legal situation, which are apparently not known to everyone. A long-term solution can only be found if carnivorous plant lovers recognize and stop their misconduct. This article aims at closing knowledge gaps and to inform about the problem of threats to wild carnivorous plant populations by carnivorous plant lovers.
Support the ICPS Conservation Fund
Authors: Trexler Carson
Published: April 2023

This year, the ICPS is sponsoring new and important protections and site maintenance that Sarracenia urgently require in the United States.
Pinguicula lithophytica is not conspecific with Pinguicula jaraguana or a variety of Pinguicula jackii
Authors: Temple Paul , Pančo Ivan , Valdés Cristina M. Panfet , Domínguez Yoannis
Published: April 2023

The taxonomic status of Pinguicula lithophytica had been challenged both in publications and in discussions. It was proposed that P. lithophytica is conspecific with Pinguicula jaraguana. Both taxa represent Cuban endemics but they are from widely separate locations. Comparison with P. jaraguana was not considered by Panfet Valdés and Temple as the taxon was unknown to the authors; subsequent awareness did not cause the authors to question their original decision that assigned species status to P. lithophytica that some individuals later perceived demonstrated no significant differences to P. jaraguana. Recently published and even more recent unpublished information concerning P. jaraguana has allowed comparison with previously unpublished information about P. lithophytica. Comparison of the morphology of both species, especially of newly described seeds and new or enhanced measurement of leaf length and width and flower characteristics reveals sufficient differences to attest to their being separate taxa. The name Pinguicula lithophytica was also presented as synonymous with P. jackii var. parviflora but this is rejected as the latter name has no valid publication
Practice What They Preach?: How Pre-Service Teachers’ Self-Efficacy in Using Culturally Relevant Teaching Practices Aligns with Their Perceptions of Diversity
Authors: Frayman Faith , FitzPatrick Erin , Gilson Cindy , Glass Tehia
Published: April 2023

In this qualitative content analysis, we addressed the following research questions: (a) How do pre-service teachers perceive their self-efficacy in creating and enacting culturally relevant curriculum and a culturally inclusive classroom environment? (b) How do pre-service teachers’ perceptions of race and diversity align with their perceptions of self-efficacy to engage culturally relevant teaching practices? Both participants indicated the importance of the teacher education institution in influencing their self-efficacy in teaching culturally responsive curriculum. Results indicate that participants saw value in building rapport, embracing diversity, and sharing life experiences.
Keywords: self-efficacy, pre-service teachers, teacher preparation, culturally responsive teaching
Изучение структуры микробного сообщества черноземных почв Молдовы с использованием высокопроизводительного секвенирования
Authors: ФРУНЗЕ Нина , ИНДОИТУ Диана
Published: April 2023

Based on the new generation sequencing method – pyrosequencing (Illumina), for the first time in Moldova, there were determined and described the metagenomic characteristics of the typical chernozem microbiome under different land use conditions. It was revealed that the prokaryotic community is represented by both domains, in particular, seventeen bacterial phyla (59.8%) and two phylum Archaea (6.2%), only nine phyla had an abundance above 1.0%: the archaeal phylum Thaumarchaeota and the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Acidobacteriota, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobiota, Planctomycetota, and Myxococcota. Phyla with a share of less than 1.0% preferred the conditions of experimental variants of crop rotations. A significant proportion were unclassified microorganisms, the abundance of which varied from 25.8 to 38.2% in spring and from 27.9 to 40.2% insummer. The conducted studies showed that the agrotechnical measures had a significant impact on the structure of the microbiome community of a typical chernozem.
Induction chlorophyll fluorescence indicators in lentil depending on seed pre-treatment and extraroot nutrients
Authors: DIDUR Ihor , KORSHEVNUK Sergii
Published: April 2023

The article contains the results of many years of research on the formation of basic and calculated indicators of chlorophyll fluorescence induction depending on the options for inoculation, treatment of seeds with microelements and use of various options for foliar fertilization for growing lentils. There was applied the generally accepted methodological protocol to determine and calculate the main and derivative parameters of chlorophyll flowering induction during dark adaptation of the assimilation apparatus of plants. The indicator reaction of changes in the basic parameters – initial flowering (F0), flowering of the plateau zone (Fpl), maximum flowering (Fm) and stationary flowering (Fst) to the optimization of the lentil nutrition system both at the stage of pre-sowing seed preparation and at the stage of carrying out single and binary foliar fertilizing with microfertilizers. The significance of the reaction was noted due to the corresponding increase in F0, Fpl, Fm, Fst indicators by 52.6%, 69.1%, 91.4% and 36.2%, respectively, for the combination of seed inoculation, pre-sowing treatment with trace elements and the use of two-time foliar fertilization in comparison with the control variant. The use of derived calculation indices based on the basic indicators of the induction of chlorophyll flowering proved the possibility and expediency of using such an indicator method in the assessment of the abiotic-adaptive state of plants and the optimality of applied agrotechnological measures in the cultivation of lentils.
Quantitative Determination of Cadmium, Chromium and Lead in Selected Instant Noodles Sold in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Osuchukwu C. O , Dike D. N. , Nnabugwu C. P
Published: April 2023

The concentrations of Cd, Cr and Pb were determined in five instant noodles brands (Indomie-A, Minimie-B,Tasty tom-C, Supreme-D and Tummy-Tummy-E) sold in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. This was done using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The concentrations of Cd ranged from 0.022-0.045mg/kg. These were above the WHO permissible limit of 0.003mg/kg for Cd. The values for Cr were within the permissible limit recommended by WHO. Pb ranged from 0.03-0.05mg/kg. these values were higher than 0.025mg/kg recommended by WHO for Pb. Caution should be taken in frequent consumption of these noodles in order to avoid health issues associated with the bioaccumulation of Cd and Pb in the body over a long period of time. Monitoring agencies (NAFDAC, SON etc) should bring in measures to ensure that only good quality noodles get to consumers.
The role and place of women in the army of Ukraine in the context of gender equality
Authors: Petrova Liudmyla , Rebrii Inna , Zubrytskyi Hryhorii
Published: April 2023

The article is the analysis of the current issues related to gender policy of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The article presents the principle of equality that has a number of manifestations, one of which is the principle of gender equality meaning equal approach to all relevant issues regardless of gender. Gender stereotypes, gender behavioural norms and problems of gender identification in the modern Ukrainian society are analysed. The problem of gender differences is associated with the fact that due to the continuous dynamic changes in the world, more and more questions arise as to the impact of certain gender stereotypes on professional activities of a person. One of the currently discussed issues is the impact of gender mainstreaming on the role of women in the military, as well as the impact on the effectiveness of military operations with their participation.The results of the research confirm that the principle of equal rights and possibilities for the service people of both genders is implemented in the army; however there is still the necessity to strengthen educational activities among the personnel, first of all, among the units and subdivisions of Ukraines Armed Forces. For the last few years, considering the fulfilment of assigned tasks in both everyday life and combat operations, the role of servicewomen has increased. To determine theoretical foundations of that problem the theoretical methods of generalisation, scientific analysis and synthesis were implemented. Corresponding software was used to process empirical data and to conduct analytical calculations. Analytical processing of information was engaged to solve the problem of scientific analysis of the events as a holistic phenomenon.
A comparison of the stability of standing shooting stance in expert and novice mountain infantry shooters
Authors: Ratajczyk Mariusz , Homańczuk Arkadiusz , Pacześny Sławomir , Sobera Małgorzata
Published: April 2023

This study compares balance control in standing shooting stance in expert and novice military shooters among mountain infantry soldiers. Balance control was assessed using AccuSway (AMTI, USA) force platforms in terms of the range of the centre of pressure (COP) displacements in the mediolateral (RANGE(ML)) and anteroposterior direction (RANGE(AP)), the standard deviation of COP displacements in the mediolateral (SD(ML)) and anteroposterior direction (SD(AP)), the sway area of COP displacements (ELLIPSE), the average velocity of COP displacements (AVG VEL) and the COP path length (LENGTH). The participants (expert shooters, N=10; novice shooters, N=15) adopted tactical standing shooting stance wearing the field uniform, with a rifle on force platforms (one for each lower limb), over a period of 10 seconds, with sampling frequency of 100Hz. The statistical analysis using the Mann-Whitney U test revealed a significant difference between the studied groups, taking into account the ELLIPSE and the AVG VEL variables values for the dominant leg only. It was concluded that the expert shooters showed better stability than novice shooters. This study presents implications regarding biomechanical aspects of standing shooting stance stability.