bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paramètres de découpe et de mensurations des carcasses d’agneaux Martinik élevés en conditions intensives
Authors: Alexandre G. , Bocage B. , Coppry O. , Weisbecker J. L. , Mahieu Maurice , Archimède H.
Published: May 2017

L’ovin Martinik est sélectionné pour ses capacités d’adaptation et sa productivité. Les filières lui reprochent une faible conformation de carcasse, alors même que ces carcasses ont été peu décrites. Au cours de deux essais d’engraissement intensif, des abattages ont été réalisés et des découpes et des mensurations linéaires ont été relevées. Ces variables ont été analysées et la détermination des équations d’allométrie a été réalisée. La base de données (n = 43 agneaux) a été codifiée pour les niveaux d’alimentation et la classe de poids d’abattage (PA : 28, 32 et 36 kg). Les poids moyens de carcasse froide (CF) ont varié (P < 0,05) de 11,7 à 15,6 kg. Les rendements de carcasse ont été en moyenne de 59 p. 100 (P > 0,05). Les poids des différents morceaux ont augmenté significativement (P < 0,01) avec la gamme de CF. Les proportions d’épaule et de gigot ont représenté respectivement 18 et 34 p. 100 de la CF. Les différentes longueurs mesurées sur la carcasse et la largeur de bassin ont augmenté (P < 0,05) avec la CF (près de 9 p. 100 de différence entre les poids extrêmes). Les index de compacité de carcasse (0,32) et de gigot (0,45) n’ont pas varié selon le PA, alors que les index pondéraux ont été différents. Les coefficients d’allométrie de l’épaule (0,915) et du gigot (0,891) ont été du même ordre de grandeur que ceux de la littérature. Ces premières descriptions des carcasses de l’ovin Martinik pourraient être proposées à la filière afin de poursuivre le travail et mieux baser les choix de race et de systèmes.
Analyses multivariées de l’effet du régime alimentaire sur la mobilisation des réserves lipidiques chez le dromadaire
Authors: Kamili Asma , Messad Samir , Bengoumi Mohammed , Chilliard Yves , Faye Bernard
Published: May 2017

L’étude de la répartition du nombre d’adipocytes par classe de tailles a montré que toutes les tailles étaient représentées chez toutes les chamelles étudiées mais avec des proportions variables. La variabilité de ces proportions a aidé à caractériser un animal gras d’un animal maigre avec le résultat pratique sui­vant : le profil adipocytaire des animaux gras était caractérisé par la prédo­minance des cellules des classes de tailles 87,5 μm, 100 μm, 112,5 μm et 125 μm qui présentaient une forte corrélation. On peut dès lors envisager qu’un suivi de la dynamique des réserves corporelles chez le dromadaire pourrait être effectué indifféremment à partir de l’une de ces classes. Une typologie des animaux sur la base de leurs profils adipocytaires a montré la forte hétérogénéité des individus à l’intérieur d’un même groupe. Cette hété­rogénéité est devenue moins marquée vers la fin de la période d’essai où les individus d’un groupe avaient subi le même traitement nutritionnel et où, en effet, les profils adipocytaires gras et maigres ont été mieux distingués. Les divergences de classement des animaux dans les typologies obtenues au début et à la fin de l’expérimentation ont montré qu’il existait une forte interaction entre le profil adipocytaire des animaux et le régime alimentaire, confirmant leurs liens dynamiques.
Efeitos do PAC sobre a economia e o mercado de trabalho da região metropolitana de Natal
Authors: Pereira Marcelo Henrique Neves
Published: May 2017

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos do PAC 1 e 2 sobre a economia e o mercado de trabalho dos municípios mais integrados da região metropolitana de Natal-RN. Para isso realizou-se inicialmente uma contextualização sobre a região em análise, e posteriormente uma descrição dos investimentos do PAC sobre o estado do Rio Grande do Norte apontando toda as especificidades da fase 1, a qual objetivou estruturar o país para dar condições de crescimento, e da fase 2, que priorizou projetos, obras e ações nas regiões metropolitanas a fim de amenizar problemas históricos, gerar emprego e renda. No que diz respeito à metodologia esse estudo inspirou-se na taxionomia de Vergara (2000). Quanto aos fins, a pesquisa é explicativa e descritiva. Quanto aos meios a pesquisa é documental e bibliográfica. Ressalta-se que foram utilizados dados secundários como subsídio da investigação, sendo as ações e investimentos do PAC as variáveis independentes, e o PIB dos municípios objeto do estudo, as unidades locais, o volume do pessoal ocupado, e os salários médios mensais, as variáveis dependentes. Ademais, esse estudo teve como alicerce dois recortes de tempo, entre 2007 e 2010 (PAC 1), e entre 2011 e 2013, período referente ao PAC 2. Destaca-se que em função da ausência de dados importantes do ano base 2014, a análise limitou-se ao referido período. Os resultados apontaram que, de uma maneira geral, os investimentos do PAC 1 e 2 apresentam evidências de conexão com os bons resultados da economia e do mercado de trabalho dos municípios mais integrados da RMN, principalmente em função dos investimentos estruturais focados na logística, na fase 1, e dos investimentos específicos na região metropolitana na fase 2, os quais amenizaram consideravelmente os efeitos da crise mundial iniciada em 2008. Por fim, as análises ratificaram a significativa correlação e importância das políticas públicas locais de desenvolvimento, apoiadas pelo governo federal, em destaque o PROADI e o PRODETUR, sobre os resultados positivos da economia e do mercado de trabalho da região analisada.
Investigating Effectiveness of an Expression Education Support Robot That Nods and Gives Hints
Authors: Suzuki Koki ,   Graduate School of Computer and Cognitive Sciences, Chukyo University, Kanoh Masayoshi ,   School of Engineering, Chukyo University
Published: May 2017

In recent years, expression education, which improves the imagination and communication skills, has been attracting attention. It is necessary to provide the appropriate support and evaluation to each expression education student based on their imagination level and individual learning skills. However, it is difficult to match the individual students’ needs in the present educational institutions, where the instructions are typically offered in group settings. In this study, a robot is used as a substitute to the human instructor. Previous studies in the field proposed the use of robots that offer hints to boost the students’ imagination. This paper suggested that the robot had an education-support effect similar to that of a human instructor. However, it is critical to ensure that the learners are interested in the robot in order to achieve positive learning effects. Thus, we performed an experiment to verify the effectiveness of an expression education support robot that nods, as a form of non-verbal communication. The study results indicate the success of the proposed robot in improving the students learning effect and suggest the effectiveness of nodding as well as providing hints.
Adaptive Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control for a Class of Uncertain Systems with Input Nonlinearity
Authors: Xin Linjie ,   School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Wang Qinglin , Li Yuan , She Jinhua ,   School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Technology
Published: May 2017

This study investigates the terminal sliding mode (TSM) control for a class of first-order uncertain systems with dead-zone and saturation. First, a new adaptive TSM control law was proposed for the single-input and single-output (SISO) systems by employing an integral fast TSM. It achieves rejection for both system uncertainty and input nonlinearity. The global reaching condition of the sliding mode is guaranteed by the Lyapunov stability theory. The new control law possesses faster convergence than the linear sliding mode method, and the singularity problem of TSM is avoided. Then, the control law was extended for tracking control of a dynamic model of spacecraft which was a multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) system. Finally, the simulation results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Families of Triangular Norm-Based Kernel Functions and Their Application to Kernel k-Means
Authors: Okamoto Kazushi ,   Department of Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications
Published: May 2017

This study proposes the concept of families of triangular norm (t-norm)-based kernel functions, and discusses their positive-definite property and the conditions for applicable t-norms. A clustering experiment with kernel k-means is performed in order to analyze the characteristics of the proposed concept, as well as the effects of the t-norm and parameter selections. It is evaluated that the clusters obtained in terms of the adjusted rand index and the experimental results suggested the following : (1) the adjusted rand index values obtained by the proposed method were almost the same or higher than those produced using the linear kernel for all of the data sets; (2) the proposed method slightly improved the adjusted rand index values for some data sets compared with the radial basis function (RBF) kernel; (3) the proposed method tended to map data to a higher dimensional feature space than the linear kernel but the dimension was lower than that using the RBF kernel.
THE USE OF JAZZ CHANTS TO DEVELOP YEAR 3 PUPILS’ ABILITYTO CONSTRUCT SIMPLE SENTENCES
Authors: Azhar Dina Syafiqa Annur , Naidu Sri Ranjani
Published: May 2017

This action research attempts to improve teacher’s classroom teaching in developing pupils’ ability to construct simple sentences. Jazz chanting was adapted to teach writing skills and  was used as the intervention. This research aimed to describe the extent the use of jazz chants was able to develop Year 3 pupils’ ability to construct simple sentences effectively. Three research participants  were chosen among year 3 pupils. The participants were purposefully identified as they had encountered difficulties in constructing simple sentences. Three lessons to exploit the intervention were conducted in this research. The data collection methods that were used in this research to gain insights into the effectiveness of the teacher’s teaching strategy were document analysis consisting of worksheets and a pre-test and a post-test, observation and a semi-structured interview with the participants. The research findings revealed that the teaching with the use of the intervention, jazz chanting, was able to positively impact two participants in constructing simple sentences effectively.Meanwhile, triangulation of the various data also indicated that the teaching aided by the intervention failed to have the expected impact on one participant. Discussion of the research findings and conclusion had highlighted the researcher’s pertinent reflection and suggestions for further improvement on the intervention and for future research.
THE PLURAL MANIA GAME’ ENHANCING YEAR 4 PUPILS KNOWLEDGE IN FORMING PLURAL NOUNS
Authors: Ismail Muhamad Alif Firdaus , Tengku Abu Bakar Tengku Fauziah Binti
Published: May 2017

The title of the research is ‘The Plural Mania Game’: Enhancing Year 4 Pupils’ Knowledge in Forming Plural Nouns. The focus of the research was to enhance the knowledge of plural noun forms among Year 4 pupils by using The Plural Mania Game. This intervention helped by introducing the pupils with all regular forms of plural nouns. The intervention was focusing on the teaching and learning through game. The researcher innovated a ‘bingo’ game into a new game called ‘The Plural Mania Game’ to help the pupils of Year 4 improve their knowledge in forming plural nouns. There were 6 pupils involved with this intervention from Year 4 of Sekolah Kebangsaan A who got the lowest marks from the diagnostic test. The data for this study was collected by using the observation, the result of Pre-Test and Post-Test and interview sessions. Based on the findings of data, it was noted that the participants improved their knowledge in forming plural nouns. The result showed that by using The Plural Mania Game helped the pupils in enhancing their knowledge in forming plural nouns. The researcher would like to suggest for the intervention to be implemented in various language skills in the future.
PREPARING HUMAN RESOURCES WITH AFFORDABLE COST
Authors: Admin Admin , Mashudi Mashudi
Published: May 2017

Coming from the experience of living in two different situations, namely in the area of subcultures of Mataraman from birth up to adults, and further, when one is married, he lives in a subculture arek or coastal area. At this stage, it was found that there are two different phenomena regarding socioeconomic dimension. In the area of subculture Mataraman, the socioeconomic level of parents is low, but it has ahigher level of formal education of the children. In contrast, while in coastal areas, thesocio-economic level of parents is high but has alowerlevel of the children’s formal education.In response to this gap, the author attempts toanswer the question "To what extent culture affect the educational achievement of children?". The finding of thepresent study showed that the higher the cultural dimension of the parents, the higher the level of educational achievement of children.
EXPLORING FACTORS THE CHILDREN’S MEANING IN PARENTS’ PERSPECTIVE: FOCUSING ON EDUCATION, FAMILY STATUS, ORIGINAL COUNTRY, RESIDANCE, AND BELIEF SYSTEM
Authors: Affandi Ghozali Rusyid , Habibah Nur
Published: May 2017

There are different perceptions about the meaning of childrenin each person. The different is caused by various factors of the parents. Different definition about the child also has an impact on the treatment of parents towards their children. This research aims to explore the factors in defining children by parents, mainly on demographic factors and beliefs on Islam in Asean area.  This study involved 94 participants consisting of citizens of Indonesia and Thailand. The data instrument was open ended questionnaire. Data analysis in this study used descriptive analysis in the form of crosstabulation to explore the definition of a childbased on demographic point of view and belief system (the system of beliefs that is owned by the parent on religion). The results show that there was a universal definition of child from different backgrounds including: education, belief system, original country, status in family, and home, namely a child is the mandate (amanah) from Allah SWT.  However, the research also shows the unique and various definition of the children which is seen from each factor.
MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF MEMPERTINGKATKAN PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN KURSUS BAHASA MELAYU PENGURUSAN (SBLM 1053) DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA
Authors: Ibrahim Nor Hafidah , Md. Yusoff Melor Fauzita , Ghazali Norzaliza
Published: May 2017

Kertas kerja ini akan meneliti meneliti keberkesanan inovasi pengajaran dan pembelajaran berbantukan kemudahan internet. Analisis dijalankan ke atas pelajar-pelajar yang mengikuti kursus SBLM1053 Bahasa Melayu Pengurusan. Analisis ini dideskripsi dalam bentuk kualitatif. Kaedah utamanya adalah mengumpul data daripada 40 orang pelajar dengan mempraktikkan amalan PdP berdasarkan teknik pengajaran berbantukan kemudahan internet. Penggunaan teknologi terkini dan interaktif seperti muat turun video aplikasi youtube, paparan rakaman video, aplikasi menggunakan ipad dan lain-lain diaplikasikan semasa sesi PdP. Dapatan mendapati teknik PdP berbantukan kemudahan internet amat berkesan dan berjaya mewujudkan suasana  yang lebih berinovasi. Bantuan daripada internet serta panduan daripada pensyarah juga memudahkan pelajar terutama ketika mencari bahan serta maklumat berkaitan kursus serta ketika melakukan pembentangan.
IMPAK PENGGUNAAN BAHASA DALAM IKLAN KHIDMAT MASYARAKAT PETRONAS BERDASARKAN TEORI LINGUISTIK SISTEMIK FUNGSIONAL (TLSF)
Authors: Abdullah Nur Izzati , Sarudin Anida
Published: May 2017

Iklan Khidmat Masyarakat (IKM) adalah suatu pengumuman atau pemberitahuan yang bersifat non komersial yang mempromosikan program-program, kegiatan, perkhidmatan kerajaan, perkhidmatan  organisasi bukan perniagaan dan pemberitahuan-pemberitahuan lainnya tentang keperluan perkhidmatan masyarakat dan pemberitahuan yang bersifat komersial (Crompton dan Lamb, 1986).  Iklan Khidmat Masyarakat merupakan projek video multimedia yang merangkumi kepelbagaian modaliti seperti elemen grafik, teks, audio dan video. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti mod linguistik yang digunakan dalam menghasilkan IKM selain keberkesanan paparan visual. Data diperoleh daripada rakaman video iklan raya Petronas kerana iklan ini merupakan iklan tahunan yang disiarkan di televisyen. Kerangka konsepsi kajian ini didirikan berdasarkan gabungan Teori Linguistik Sistemik Fungsional (TLSF) dan Teori Multimodaliti (TM). Gabungan kedua teori ini dipercayai dapat membantu menghasilkan IKM yang menepati tema yang dihasratkan oleh pengiklan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa teks bahasa merupakan mod linguistik yang bertindak sebagai elemen multimodal yang berkesan dan menjadi pelengkap kepada mod visual. Dengan kata lain, fungsi teks bahasa adalah untuk  menyediakan konteks dalam iklan dengan menambah maklumat supaya penonton dapat memahami mesej yang ditonjolkan.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAHIRAN MENGUASAI FAKTA SEJARAH PENCIPTAAN BENDERA MALAYSIA DALAM KALANGAN MURID TAHUN 5 MELALUI KAEDAH “PETA DAKAP”
Authors: Shaharudin Haini Shafikah Mohd
Published: May 2017

Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan meningkatkan kemahiran menguasai fakta sejarah penciptaan bendera Malaysia dalam kalangan murid tahun 5 melalui kaedah “Peta Dakap”. Responden terdiri daripada 10 orang yang memperoleh markah rendah dalam proses pengumpulan data awal. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kaedah pemerhatian, temu bual dan analisis dokumen. Hasil tinjauan awal mendapati bahawa tahap penguasaan kemahiran mengingat fakta sejarah penciptaan bendera Malaysia murid adalah lemah. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan terhadap hasil pencapaian murid selepas pengaplikasian kaedah “Peta Dakap”. Kaedah ini membantu murid untuk menguasai fakta dengan lebih mudah,cepat malah dengan cara yang lebih menarik minat murid untuk mempelajari sejarah penciptaan bendera Malaysia. Data kualitatif dikaji secara deskriptif dan dipersembahkan dalam bentuk huraian, jadual serta rajah. Analisis dokumen seperti lembaran kerja responden telah menyokong keputusan kajian ini. Secara kseimpulannya, kaedah “Peta Dakap” dapat membantu meningkatkan kemahiran menguasai fakta sejarah penciptaan bendera Malaysia dalam kalangan murid tahun 5. Maka, penggunaan kaedah ini digalakkan dan diperluaskan kepada semua guru sejarah di Malaysia bagi mempermudahkan proses pengajaran sejarah di sekolah menjadi lebih efektif dan bersifat holistik.
PENGGUNAAN KAEDAH “TYRA BANKS” UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN MURID TAHUN 5 TERHADAP FAKTA BERKAITAN PERJUANGAN TOKOH TEMPATAN
Authors: Shamsuddin Nurathirah , Salleh Azhari Mat
Published: May 2017

Kajian ini bertujuan meningkatkan penguasaan murid sekolah rendah dalam mata pelajaran sejarah khususnya penguasaan murid terhadap fakta berkaitan tokoh-tokoh tempatan dengan menggunakan kaedah Tyra Banks. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mempertingkatkan tahap penguasaan murid dalam kefahaman dan ingatan mereka mengenai perjuang tempatan melalui penggunaan warna dan lampu LED. Responden dalam kajian ini terdiri daripada 6 orang murid tahun 5D dari sebuah sekolah rendah di daerah kota setar yang mempunyai masalah menguasai fakta berkaitan perjuangan tokoh tempatan. Dalam proses pengumpulan data awal, murid dilihat tidak memenuhi aspek-aspek yang telah ditetapkan dalam pemarkahan tahap penguasaan murid. Kaedah pemerhatian, temubual dan analisis dokumen digunakan untuk mengumpul data dan diskripsi data digunakan untuk menganalisis data dalam kajian kualitatif ini. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan kaedah ini dapat membantu murid dalam meningkatkan penguasaan mereka berkaitan fakta tokoh-tokoh tempatan berdasarkan kepada analisis kajian dan interpretasi data.
PELUASAN MAKNA PAYUNG DALAM KALANGAN PENGGUNA BAHASA MELAYUBERDASARKAN ANALISIS SEMANTIK KOGNITIF
Authors: Noor Din Nor Fazilah
Published: May 2017

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti fenomena peluasan makna kata yang terhasil kesan kekreatifan pengguna bahasa memanipulasi pengguna sesuatu kata.  Dengan menjadikan teori semantik kognitif sebagai sandaran, kajian ini telah meneliti peluasan makna kata payung yang digunakan dalam pelbagai keadaan sehingga menyerlahkan makna baharu yang berpotensi untuk didokumentasikan dalam kamus umum seperti Kamus Dewan.  Kaedah analisis yang digunakan ialah kaedah analisis teks yang telah diperbaharui dengan elemen linguistik terkomputasi (linguistik korpus). Melalui kaedah ini, pengkaji telah menganalisis penggunaan kata payungyang diperoleh dari pangkalan dataWebCorp (dengan jumlah sebanyak 437 kata) dan dari pangkalan data korpus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP) sebanyak 117 045 kata.  Berdasarkan status sumber, kata payungyang diperoleh dari pangkalan dataWebCorp diambil daripada pelbagai sumber dengan carian .my (lingkungan carian Malaysia), khususnya di laman sosial (carian google, Facebook, blogspot dll), manakala kata payungyang diperoleh dari pangkalan data korpus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka pula diambil daripada subkorpus akhbar, buku, majalah,  teks sasteradan kertas kerja.  Berdasarkan selisikan, makna sebenar payung  ialah alat bertangkai yang biasanya dibuat daripada kain, kertas dan sebagainya yang dipasang pada kerangka boleh lipat untuk melindungi seseorang atau sesuatu daripada terkena hujan atau panas matahari dan juga digunakan sebagai alat kebesaran raja (Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat, 2007).Namun kini,  maknakata payung telah meluas kepada makna baharu yang jauh menyimpang dari makna asal. Berdasarkan dapatan kajian, kata “payung” telah mengalami peluasan makna kepada makna baharu iaitu (i)  belanja, (ii) tunjuk, (iii) intai dan (iv) konsep pemasaran bersepadu. Melalui kajian ini, makna payung berdasarkan penggunaan semasa dapat difahami dengan lebih jelas dan berpada.
MENINGKATKAN TAHAP PENGUASAAN MURID TAHUN 4TENTANGPERANAN TEMENGGUNG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KAEDAH “TREASURE HOUSE”
Authors: Noor Nur Amalina Mohamad , Ibrahim Putra Abd. Rahman
Published: May 2017

Penyelidikan tindakan ini dijalankan untuk menilai sejauh manakah kaedah “Treasure House” dapat meningkatkan penguasaan murid Tahun 4 tentang peranan Temenggung pada zaman Kesultanan Melayu Melaka dengan menggunakan “Treasure House?”. Peserta dalam kajian ini terdiri daripada empat orang murid daripada Tahun Empat yang lemah dalam penguasaan peranan Temenggung dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran Pendidikan Sejarah yang lalu. Data dikumpulkan melalui tiga kaedah iaitu kaedah pemerhatian, kaedah temu bual dan kaedah analisis dokumen serta dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil analisis data mendapati bahawa seramai tiga orang murid telah berjaya menguasai peranan Temenggung berdasarkan beberapa fokus kajian. Terdapat empat orang murid telah mencapai tahap cemerlang dengan menunjukkan rumusan tahap penguasaan yang tinggi. Dapatan analisis kajian menunjukkan bahawa kaedah “Treasure House” amat berkesan dalam membantu murid-murid dalam menguasai peranan Tokoh-Tokoh Kesultanan Melayu Melaka.
ANALISIS WATAK DAN PERWATAKAN DALAM NOVEL SEJAMBAK BAKTI KARYA REJAB FI
Authors: Zubir Siti Khariah Mohd , Samsudin Nur Denna
Published: May 2017

Novel yang dikajiialahSejambak BaktikaryaRejab FI.Novel inimerupakan novel komponensastera (KOMSAS) dalammatapelajaranBahasaMelayubagi tingkatan 1 zon Sabah, Sarawak, Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan dan Johor.Objektifkajiandijalankanadalahuntukmengenalpastiwatakdanperwatakan dalam novel Sejambak Bakti.Objektif yang kedua ialah untuk menjelaskan watak dan perwatakan dan objektif yang ketiga ialah menganalisis novel menggunakan teori Psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud.Id didorong oleh prinsip kesenangan untuk memperoleh kepuasan segera dari semua kemahuan. Ego adalah berkaitan hal yang berhubungan dengan realiti serta kenyataan yang ada manakala superego pula merupakan sistem keperibadian  yang mengandungi nilai-nilai dan aturan yang bersifat evaluatif berkaitan perkara yang baik dan buruk. Di sini terdapat tiga dapatan kajian iaitu menjelaskan wataku tama, menjelaskan watak sampingan dan menganalisis watak dan perwatakan dalam novel Sejambak Bakti menggunakan unsur id, ego dan superego. Kesimpulannya, kajian menambahkan pengetahuan khalayak bagaimana unsur id, ego dan superego dalam teori Psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud berkembang dalam diri individu dan mempengaruhi kehidupan seharian. Implikasi kajian ini terbahagi kepada tiga iaitu kepada individu, pelajar dan masyarakat.
PENGGUNAAN KAEDAH SELERE DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN MAKLUMAT BERKAITAN NEGERI-NEGERI DI MALAYSIA DALAM KALANGAN MURID TAHUN 6
Authors: Zamshah Nurhanis , Othman Shah Johan
Published: May 2017

Kajian ini bertujuan meningkatkan penguasaan murid sekolah rendah dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Sejarah khususnya maklumat berkaitan negeri-negeri di Malaysia dengan menggunakan kaedah SELERE. Kajian ini mempertingkatkan tahap penguasaan mengenai maklumat nama ibu negeri, asal-usul nama negeri, bendera negeri dan ketua negeri bagi negeri-negeri di Malaysia. Responden dalam kajian ini terdiri daripada 5 orang murid tahun 6E dari sebuah sekolah rendah di daerah Kubang Pasu yang tidak dapat menguasai maklumat berkaitan negeri-negeri di Malaysia semasa dalam proses pengumpulan data awal iaitu tidak memenuhi aspek-aspek yang telah ditetapkan dalam pemarkahan hasil lembaran kerja. Kaedah pemerhatian, temu bual dan analisis dokumen digunakan untuk mengumpul data. Dapatan kajian daripada kesemua analisis dan interpretasi data tersebut menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan kaedah SELERE dapat meningkatkan penguasaan maklumat berkaitan negeri-negeri di Malaysia bagi murid tahun 6. Cadangan kajian seterusnya ialah membuat penambahbaikan terhadap kaedah SELERE ini dengan menambah gambar rajah pada kad SELERE dengan lebih jelas dan tepat.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI ORANG TUA DAN GURU TERHADAP KREATIVITAS SISWA
Authors: Pusitaningtyas Anis
Published: May 2017

Peran orang tua di rumah dan guru di sekolah sangat penting bagi pendidikan anak. Komunikasi yang baik antara orang tua dan guru merupakan suatu keharusan agar tercapai kesinergian antara keduanya. Komunikasi tersebut bisa berlangsung dalam satu arah ataupun dua arah. Komunikasi satu arah terjadi saat guru memberikan informasi kepada orang tua tentang peristiwa, kegiatan, atau kemajuan yang dicapai anak.Sedangkan komunikasi dua arah terjadi jika ada dialog interaktif antara guru dan orang tua. Komunikasi yang baik akan menumbuhkan sikap saling percaya antara orang tua dan guru. Adanya sikap saling mempercayai, saling membantu dalam membimbing anak dan berkomunikasi antara orang tua dan guru, akan membuat anak merasa memiliki kebebasan berkreativitas guna pengembangan potensi dirinya, sehingga bisa meningkatkan kreativitas dan mencapai keberhasilan dalam belajar.
Custo-efetividade do uso do sistema intrauterino liberador de 52 mg de levonorgestrel (SIU-LNG) versus contraceptivos hormonais de curta duração na prevenção de gravidez não desejada em adolescentes entre 15 e 19 anos sob a perspectiva do SUS
Authors: Pepe Camila , Sakagute Mara , Ramos Natalia , Maestri Carlos Afonso
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar se o uso do sistema liberador de levonorgestrel (SIU- -LNG) Mirena® é custo-efetivo na prevenção de gravidez não planejada em adolescentes, entre 15 e 19 anos, quando comparado aos contraceptivos hormonais de curta duração sob a perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: Para avaliação econômica, foi elaborado um modelo de Markov, com ciclos de um ano, que acompanhou as adolescentes ao longo do curso natural do uso do método contraceptivo por um horizonte de tempo de cinco anos. Dados clínicos foram obtidos de revisão da literatura. Custos unitários foram extraídos de bases de dados oficiais. Apenas custos médicos diretos foram contemplados. Custos e benefícios foram descontados a uma taxa de 5% ao ano. Desfechos foram expressos como gravidez não planejada evitada. Resultados: Os resultados da análise de custo-efetividade mostraram que SIU-LNG é capaz de gerar economia de recursos com ganho em efetividade quando comparado com os métodos de maior prevalência de uso na adolescência (ACO e ACI). Análises de sensibilidade foram realizadas comprovando os resultados encontrados no caso-base. Conclusão: Levando-se em conta os resultados satisfatórios clínicos e econômicos, SIU-LNG deve ser considerado uma importante opção para evitar a gravidez não planejada na adolescência e todas as suas consequências.
Custos do tratamento do hiperparatireoidismo secundário à doença renal crônica, com cinacalcete ou paratireoidectomia, para pacientes não controlados com a terapia clínica convencional sob a perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Araújo Denizar , Amaral Laura , Guersoni Ana Claudia , Carvalho Aluízio , Kahrol Cristina , Montenegro Fabio , Lucca Leandro , Sampaio Elisa , Custódio Melanie , Moyses Rosa Maria , Jorgetti Vanda
Published: May 2017

Objetivos: Estimar a população elegível para o tratamento de pacientes com hiperparatireoidismo secundário (HPTS), não controlados com terapia convencional, bem como avaliar a utilização de recursos para o tratamento dessa população com cinacalcete ou paratireoidectomia (PTX). Métodos: Utilização da técnica Delphi por painel de especialistas. A pesquisa foi realizada utilizando questionário estruturado, enviado por meio eletrônico aos especialistas, e seguida de encontro presencial. Os custos foram obtidos de bases de dados governamentais. Apenas custos médicos diretos foram incluídos, sob a perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) (em reais no ano de 2014). Os dados foram avaliados pelo Microsoft Excel versão 2013. Resultados: A população no cenário de mundo real indicada para o tratamento com cinacalcete foi de 7.705 pacientes. Já a população real encaminhada para a PTX foi de 7.691 pacientes, sendo esse número 76,3% maior que a população ideal com indicação de PTX, que foi de 1.822 pacientes. O custo estimado do tratamento com cinacalcete foi de R$ 27.712,95 (considerando a dose recomendada em bula para cinacalcete, de 30 a 180 mg/ dia) e de R$ 16.841,85 para PTX (incluindo os períodos pré e pós-cirúrgico). A análise de sensibilidade foi baseada na dose média de cinacalcete, conforme o estudo EVOLVE (66,8 mg/dia). Nesse cenário, o custo do tratamento com cinacalcete foi de R$ 11.924,13 (57% menor que o cenário com a dose de bula). Conclusão: No cenário SUS, o número de pacientes encaminhados para PTX foi 76,3% maior que os idealmente indicados à cirurgia, o que ocorre devido à falta de opções terapêuticas.
Análise de custo-efetividade do acetato de abiraterona associado à prednisona pós-terapia de privação androgênica, seguido de enzalutamida pós-quimioterapia versus a sequência oposta para o tratamento de pacientes com câncer de próstata metastático r
Authors: Pititto Lilian , Asano Elio
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: O acetato de abiraterona e a enzalutamida são utilizados no tratamento de câncer de próstata metastático pós-terapia de privação androgênica, em pacientes resistentes à castração. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o custo-efetividade de abiraterona mais prednisona pós-terapia de privação androgênica, seguidos de docetaxel e enzalutamida pós-quimioterapia com a sequência oposta de tratamento no Sistema de Saúde Suplementar brasileiro. Métodos: Um modelo de Markov foi desenvolvido para comparar o custo-efetividade das duas sequências em um tempo horizonte lifetime. Os parâmetros de eficácia e probabilidades de transição foram derivados de estudos clínicos. Foram considerados os custos diretos dos medicamentos, administração, monitoramento e eventos adversos. A medida de efetividade foram anos de vida ganhos, estimados pela extrapolação de dados dos estudos clínicos. Os resultados foram apresentados em custos e anos de vida ganho a cada sequência. Resultados: O estado pós-terapia de privação androgênica representou a maior parte dos custos de tratamento, e os eventos adversos tiveram pequeno impacto nos custos totais. O uso de abiraterona nesse estado reduziu 7,3% dos custos. A sequência abiraterona mais prednisona pós-terapia de privação androgênica, seguida de enzalutamida pós-quimioterapia, foi dominante em relação à oposta; apresentou menor custo (R$ 262.801 versus R$ 274.165) e efetividade levemente maior, com estimados 3,367 anos de vida ganhos versus 3,282. Conclusão: O uso da abiraterona mais prednisona pós-terapia de privação androgênica e enzalutamida pós-quimioterapia demonstrou-se dominante em relação à sequência oposta no tratamento de pacientes com câncer de próstata metastático resistentes à castração, no Sistema de Saúde Suplementar brasileiro.
Field Trial of a Novel Self-Reciprocating Hydraulic Pump for Deliquification
Authors: Romer M. C. , Brown M.. , Ainsworth N.. , Rundberg O.. , Bolt D. J. , Bolt T.. , Tolman R. C.
Published: May 2017

A novel hydraulically powered, self-reciprocating valve pump (SRVP) was piloted in a western Colorado gas well for deliquification operations. The objective was to pump liquids from a deep gas well and later retrieve and redeploy the SRVP without a workover rig. This paper will describe the SRVP technology, areas of applicability, and pilot program, including the completion design, deployment/retrieval workovers, performance, teardowns, learnings, and future plans.

Gas-production wells tend to load up with produced or condensed liquids that create an impediment to flow and reduce or stop gas production. Pumps are typically used when the reservoir pressure is too low for less-intrusive artificial-lift (AL) methods or when significant amounts of liquid must be removed. Pumps can suffer from reliability issues and considerable installation/deployment costs because a workover rig is typically required for intervention. Unfavorable producing conditions and tortuous wellbore trajectories tend to further decrease run lives. These issues can make economical hydrocarbon production impossible. The SRVP was developed to overcome these challenges.

The SRVP is installed downhole inside a concentric tubing string, and is powered by injecting a high-pressure liquid. The injected (power) fluid causes the SRVP to reciprocate, driving a piston pump to produce formation fluids and to power fluid back to the surface up the concentric-string/production-tubing annulus. The removal of the produced fluids decreases the backpressure on the formation, enabling gas production up the casing. Because there is no mechanical linkage to the surface for pump operation, the SRVP can be deployed in highly deviated and/or small-diameter wells with which standard AL methods would struggle. In addition, the SRVP is designed to be pumped into and out of the well after initial installation, greatly reducing deployment costs.

Three industry-first SRVPs were installed consecutively in a concentric flush-joint tubing string, and were powered with a compact surface pumping unit. The SRVP proved the ability to lift 20 to 40 BFPD net liquids up the concentric-string/production-tubing annulus from more than a 12,000-ft vertical depth while gas was produced up the casing. The SRVP was retrieved and redeployed several times either hydraulically and/or with slickline (SL). System design, operation, and performance were continuously improved through the duration of the pilot program. Run life steadily increased to more than 50 days with the third installation.
Improved Prediction of Liquid Loading In Gas Wells
Authors: Shekhar S.. , Kelkar M.. , Hearn W. J. , Hain L. L.
Published: May 2017

After gas wells are drilled and start producing, early production rates are high enough to carry any liquid produced to the surface. However, as the reservoir pressure declines, the gas-production rate also declines. Eventually, the gas well starts experiencing liquid loading. Liquid loading starts when the current gas rate is incapable of lifting the liquid up to the surface. The liquid can be either water produced from the formation or the condensate. Several correlations in the literature predict the onset of liquid loading. The most famous equation, the Turner et al. (1969) equation, has many limitations, including the inability to account for effects such as diameter of the pipe and inclination angle of well, and incorrect physical assumptions regarding the onset of liquid loading. Belfroid et al. (2008) modified the Turner et al. (1969) equation for inclined wells; however, their expression is also dependent on incorrect physical assumptions and does not account for the diameter of the pipe. Another method, proposed by Shu et al. (2014), uses the correct physical assumption of liquid loading, but is overly conservative. This paper discusses a new modification to the original method proposed by Barnea (1986), which overcomes many limitations of the previous models. The new method is dependent on an assumption that liquid loading initiates when the liquid film starts falling backward. The proposed method accounts for the effect of diameter and inclination angle of the gas well. The method predicts the onset of liquid loading for a wide range of inclination angles, from vertical well to nearly horizontal well. The application of the method has been verified by comparing the results with both laboratory and field data. The method is observed to be better at predicting the onset of liquid loading compared with the other existing models in the literature.
ESTRATÉGIA PARA OTIMIZAR O SISTEMA AGROECOLÓGICO DA PECUÁRIA LEITEIRA NAAGRICULTURA FAMILIAR
Authors: Romualdo Paula Lima , Cardoso Irene Maria , Lana Rogério De Paula , Do Carmo Davi Lopes
Published: May 2017

Na região da Zona da Mata mineira há o predomínio da pecuária leiteira, manejada principalmente pela agricultura familiar. Além da degradação dos pastos, a atividade enfrenta a sazonalidade de produção daspastagens, com escassez durante a estação seca, levando à baixa produtividade do rebanho. Objetivou-se analisar, de forma participativa, a pecuária leiteira no assentamento Olga Benário na região da Zona da Mata mineira. Especificamente, objetivou-se analisar: a) o manejo da pastagem, b) as alternativas de produção de alimentosno período da seca e c) o fornecimento de água para o rebanho leiteiro. O estudo foi realizado com dezesseis famílias visando compreender o manejo da pastagem e alimentação do gado, identificar as dificuldades encontradas pelos agricultores, principalmente na época da seca, e as alternativas encontradas para manter a produção leiteira. As pastagens avaliadas não possuem divisões, são manejadas de forma contínua e não possuem árvores. As estratégias levantadas visando melhorar o seu manejo foram implementar o pastejo rotacionado com divisõesde piquetes, respeitando a capacidade de suporte das pastagens com lotações de animais adequadas e introdução de leguminosas arbóreas, visando fornecer sombra, complementar a alimentação do rebanho e conter a sua degradação. No período de seca a redução de forragens no pasto faz com que a alimentação do rebanho fica comprometida, provocando redução na produção de leite em mais de 50%. Em razão do elevado custo da ração utilizada neste período, o cultivo de abacateiro e bananeira são alternativas apontadas, pois produz frutos na época da seca e possuem boa aceitação pelos animais. Além disso, adquirir os ingredientes e fazer a mistura da ração na propriedade, contribui para diminuir o custo da alimentação dos animais.
Trading Places: An Introduction to Zoomorphism and Anthropomorphism in Chinese Art
Authors: Silbergeld Jerome
Published: May 2017

Zoomorphism: by whatever name, it has been a part of the human imagination and the visual arts throughout our history, from Egyptian and Assyrian reliefs to Donald Duck, Wile E. Coyote, Pogo Possum, and Maus. The word itself means more than one thing, as does its correlate, anthropomorphism. Its early use involved attributing animal characteristics to deities, as with the Egyptian jackal-headed funerary god Anubis, the composite Chinese ...
Labeling the Creatures: Some Problems in Han and Six Dynasties Iconography
Authors: Bush Susan
Published: May 2017

Fantastic beings proliferate in pre-Han and Han literature and are represented in a variety of forms up through the Six Dynasties period. They pose some problems of identification and classification for both ancient and modern scholars. Thus different sources specify various bird or animal forms for Feilian, the Wind Earl. Chiyou, another pre-Han rebel, now appears as a warlike monster leading a troupe of storm spirits. These thunders of Southeast China do have specific names on one Northern Wei epitaph tablet of 522. Elsewhere auspicious or apotropaic inscriptions on paired messenger birds and evil-averting tomb protectors are often interpreted as names even though archaeological evidence may suggest otherwise. The Chinese “unicorn,” a creature that resists classification, comes to resemble its mate, the “lion.” In general, the forms and functions of mythical beings are established in this period.
The Political Animal: Metaphoric Rebellion in Zhao Yong’s Painting of Heavenly Horses
Authors: Silbergeld Jerome
Published: May 2017

If an animal is depicted with features that seem more man than beast, it might just be that the artist's real interest has to do with people. With their historical treasure of animal lore, Chinese artists frequently used animals as people in their discourse on human affairs. Sometimes appearances suggest this substitution, while sometimes this is done by the inscriptions and poems which accompany the painting and suggest its intent. This chapter is about one such case. It features horses, painted by the fourteenth-century artist Zhao Yong working in a world both lit and shadowed by his famous father, Zhao Mengfu, accused by some as disloyal to their royal Zhao-family forebears in serving the Mongol Yuan regime, and interrogated for generations to come about whether or not they felt disloyal. This is Zhao Yong's own visual narrative, dated 1352, of certain events, with texts by friend and relative, set against the backdrop of the first peasant uprisings that eventually undermined Mongol power in China.
How the Giraffe Became a Qilin: Intercultural Signification in Ming Dynasty Arts
Authors: Liscomb Kathlyn
Published: May 2017

This chapter explores meanings attributed to a giraffe given to the Yongle emperor (r. 1403–1424) in 1414 by a Muslim sultan of Bengal. Both sides understood its significance in ways mediated by their own cultural traditions and pertinent agendas. Although a Hindu nobleman was the de facto ruler of Bengal, the giraffe probably was presented in the Persian-Islamic terms favored by that kingdom at that time. In China, the exotic animal was identified as a qilin, an animal recorded in ancient texts as an auspicious sign indicating that the ruler was powerful yet fostered peace, an image useful to the Yongle emperor. The author argues that by the fifteenth century some of the ideas circulating in Islamic cultures about giraffes were sufficiently close to Chinese ones about qilin and tribute animals to create an apparent confluence of significations.
What Brings Korean Immigrants to Japantown?
Authors: Kawakami Sachiko
Published: May 2017

This chapter explores the invisible nature of today's racism by drawing attention to the "silent affinity" of Korean immigrants in San Francisco's Japantown (Nihonmachi). Nihonmachi has functioned as a geographical base for Korean immigrant communities in San Francisco since the 1970s. In this sense, Nihonmachi remains one of the most culturally familiar and practically useful neighborhoods for Korean Americans in San Francisco. However, the informants of the study who live, work, and socialize in Nihonmachi repeated the phrase “Japantown is Japantown, emphasizing their otherness, foreignness, and invisibility. In order to highlight this conflicted position and subjectivity of Korean immigrants in Nihonmachi, the author proposed a concept of “silent affinity” instead of articulated identity as a source of their privatized livelihoods as well as a source of their racial struggles. The Korean immigrants in Nihonmachi have participated silently in the construction of Nihonmachi not just simply as citizens. Rather, their invisibility was highlighted and strategically used by themselves as they prioritized their everyday survival in the realities of experiencing the blurred ethical divides between “discrimination” that needs to be fought against and “differentiation” that is sometimes deemed empowering and progressive for the lives of racial minorities.
Introduction
Authors: Akamine Mamoru
Published: May 2017

A discussion of the Ryukyu Archipelago and its shifting historical boundaries is followed by an overview of the Ryukyu kingdom’s emergence as an important player in East Asian trade, concluding with a discussion of how recent historiography of the region has been changed by the emergence of previously lost ancient documents.
The End of the Kingdom
Authors: Akamine Mamoru
Published: May 2017

In what became controversially known as the “Ryukyu Shobun,” the new Meiji government gradually took over Ryukyu, starting by using a massacre of Ryukyuan sailors in Taiwan as a pretext to claim Ryukyuans as “people who belong to the nation of Japan,” who needed Tokyo’s protection. In 1874, the Meiji government compelled Ryukyu to cut its ties to China. In 1879, Tokyo annexed Ryukyu and designated it Okinawa Prefecture. That same year, the Ryukyu King was forced to move to Tokyo, and died there in 1901. China did not have sufficient military power to resist the move, but the chapter also describes activities between China and restorationists in Ryukyu, some of whom went to China, rather than remain as Japanese subjects. However, the first Sino-Japanese War (1894-95), in which China was defeated, effectively brought the restoration movement to an end.
Types of Meditation
Authors: Eifring Halvor
Published: May 2017

This essay distinguishes between directive meditation, which seeks to bring about inner transformation by means of outside-in processes, and non-directive meditation, which builds on inside-out processes. The two types differ in terms of their meditation object (thematic vs. technical), mental attitude (concentrative vs. non-concentrative), and the context surrounding the practice (suggestive vs. non-suggestive). Most meditation practices include both directive and non-directive elements, but differ widely in their emphases, as illustrated by references to modern studies as well as traditional works on meditation. The suggested distinction differs from the widespread Buddhist-inspired contrast between “concentrative” meditation (or “focused attention”) and “insight” meditation (or “open monitoring”), which is shown to be problematic, especially when applied to non-Buddhist forms of meditation. The social constructivism that has long dominated cultural history tends to give preference to explanations based on directive working mechanisms and to disregard the equally important processes associated with non-directive meditation.
Yantra and Cakra in Tantric Meditation
Authors: Khanna Madhu
Published: May 2017

In Hindu Tantric meditation, yantras are visual meditative tools composed of concentric linear shapes centered on the Bindu, a dimensionless point. This essay discusses the Śrīyantra, the symbol of goddess Tripurasundarī, which represents the meta-worldview of Śākta Tantra. The Śriyantra is composed of nine circuits, which are identified with nine psychic energy centers of consciousness along the vertical midline of the visualized subtle body. The meditative process commences from the gross levels of consciousness represented by the peripheral circuit and moves toward the subtle and transcendent consciousness of the center (=bindu). The symbolic universe of the Śrīyantra consists of mantras, deities, cosmic categories and psychological traits. These symbols form the interpretative frame for inducing psychocosmic identities without which the meditative object, the yantra, and the meditator will remain dichotomized and disconnected.