bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Herbicides, Herbicide Tank Mixtures and Herbicide Combinations on Express Sun Oil-Bearing Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)
Authors: Delchev Grozi , Stoyanova Antoniya , Sturzu Rodica , Cojocaru Jeni , Meluca Cristina
Published: May 2023

During the period 2018-2020 a field experiment has been carried out with the oil-bearing sunflower hybrid P64LЕ121 (Helianthus annuus L.). It is a sulfo tolerant hybrid by ExpressSun technology. A total of 25 variants were investigated. They included untreated control, 2 herbicides applied alone in addition with adjuvant Trend 90, 10 herbicide tank mixtures and 10 herbicide combinations. Soil-applied combined herbicides were performed during after sowing before emergence period of the sunflower. Foliar-applied herbicides were performed during 3-4 leaf sunflower stage. Full control of annual broadleaved weeds in ExpressSun oil-bearing is provided by a single treatment with herbicide Fluence at a dose of 40 g/ha or with herbicide Evorelle express at a dose of 60 g/ha applied during 3-4 leaf sunflower stage. Full controls of perennial broadleaved weeds is provided by two treatments with herbicide Fluence in doses of 20+20 g/ha or with herbicide Evorelle express in doses of 30+30 g/ha, applied during 3-4 leaf and 7-8 leaf sunflower stages. In the presence of annual and perennial broadleaved and graminaceous weeds, it is necessary to apply Fluence and Evorelle express as herbicide tank mixtures together with foliar-applied antigraminaceous herbicides Fusilade forte, Stratos ultra or Targa max. In the absence of perennial graminaceous weeds, it is necessary to apply herbicides Fluence and Evorelle express as herbicide combinations with soil-applied antigraminaceous herbicides Dual gold or Indipen. The highest seed yield is obtained by herbicide tank mixture Fluence + Fusilade forte, followed by herbicide tank mixture Evorelle express + Stratos ultra. High seed yields are also obtained by use of herbicide combinations Indipen + Evorelle express and Dual gold + Fluence.
Tingkat Kepuasan Pemustaka terhadap Layanan Pustakawan di UPT Perpustakaan Politeknik Negeri Padang
Authors: Rahmadani Adzkia , Ardoni Ardoni
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kepuasan pengguna terhadap layanan perpustakaan UPT perpustakaan Politeknik Negeri Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini rata-rata pengunjung perpustakaan Politeknik Negeri Padang dan sampelnya adalah 97 responden. Pengambilan sampel ditentukan dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling, yaitu teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak yang memungkinkan peneliti mengambil sampel dari orang-orang yang ditemui tanpa melakukan perencanaan sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan pemustaka terhadap layanan pustakawan di UPT perpustakaan Politeknik Negeri Padang rata-rata 3,22 dalam lima dimensi dengan menggunakan metode pengukuran servqual. Pertama, dimensi tangible rata-rata 3,22, yang merupakan skala positif. Kemudian untuk nilai rata-rata untuk dimensi reliability adalah 3,26 pada skala positif. Ketiga, skor rata-rata untuk dimensi responsiveness berada pada kisaran positif 3,18. Keempat, dimensi assurance mencapai skor rata-rata 3,25 pada skala positif. Kelima, pada skala positif, skor rata-rata untuk dimensi emphaty adalah 3,22.
Tương hợp kháng nguyên bạch cầu người (HLA) nhóm II quyết định tiên lượng dài hạn trong ghép thận trẻ em
Authors: Hoang Thi Diem Thuy
Published: May 2023

Ghép thận là phương pháp điều trị tối ưu trong suy thận giai đoạn cuối cho cả người lớn và trẻ em. Đối với trẻ em, do tuổi thọ kì vọng sau ghép dài hơn nên việc
xác định tiêu chuẩn cặp cho - nhận cần phải chặt chẽ hơn, nhằm đảm bảo sự sống còn tối ưu cho thận ghép. Vấn đề tương hợp kháng nguyên bạch cầu người (Human Leucocyte Antigen - HLA) tối ưu, đặc biệt tương hợp HLA nhóm II sẽ có tác dụng giúp bảo đảm sống còn dài hạn cho thận ghép.

Abstract

Kidney transplantation is the best choice for treating end-stage renal disease in adults and children. In children, due to their longer expected - longevity, the determined criteriae for selecting the donor - recipient should be stricter in order to offer a better graft survival. An optimal matching of HLA especially class II is an important criterion to assure the long - term graft survival.
Collaboration Across Departments: The Effects of an Intervention to Improve Preservice Teachers’ Writing
Authors: Curcic Svjetlana , Johnson Rachel E. , Wolff Lori A. , Platt Sara
Published: May 2023

This study examines the impact of course-based collaboration between an elementary teacher education program and a writing center. Written texts of preservice teachers (n=141) were analyzed to establish the most frequent errors/problems in their writing. Based on the first analysis, the researchers designed and implemented an intervention focused on language usage, content, and coherence. The intervention group (n=41) significantly outperformed the control group (n=41) after a single intervention session, with large effect sizes for language usage and content, and a medium to large effect size for coherence.
Exploring Student Perceptions of Oral Presentation Assessments in Higher Education
Authors: Lin Dan
Published: May 2023

Oral presentation assessments are commonly used in higher education. This paper conducts an exploratory study and investigates student perceptions of oral presentation assessments on two aspects, the benefits of oral presentations for presenting students and the engagement of non-presenting
students during presentations. A mixed method with both qualitative and quantitative survey questions is used for collecting data from students undertaking an elective Finance course in the third year of an undergraduate degree. Results show that presenting students perceive the oral presentation
assessment as beneficial to their learning and developing presentation skills. Peer evaluations and reciprocal peer questioning, intended to increase non-presenting students’ engagement during presentations, are also well-received by students. The frequency count of students’ feedback
indicates that reciprocal peer questioning facilitates engagement better than peer evaluations.
At School: Second Career English Teachers’ Socialisation Experiences
Authors: Leshem Shosh , Carmel Rivi , Badash Merav , Topaz Beverley
Published: May 2023

The article examines the second career teachers (SCTs) socialisation into school culture through three theoretical lenses: Bronfenbrenner’s ecological framework of human development, to identify the different environments within school culture that play a role in SCTs perceptions
of their socialisation, Lave and Wenger’s theory of Legitimate Peripheral Participation and Bridge’s Transition Model (Bridges, 1991; Bridges & Mitchell, 2000) to characterize the modes of transition teachers face. This is likely to guide school administrators to view SCTs
as a unique group of teachers whose starting point is different from the other novice teachers, due to the knowledge capital they bring with them to the socialisation process. It is argued that school management need to be aware of the fragile ‘transition’ phase of the novice SCTs.
For some teachers who lack the agency to take initiatives and act proactively, this might be a trying phase of sink or swim. In schools where the interpersonal relationships within the ecological culture of the school were supportive, teachers felt more confident to socialise, while in schools
where teachers felt lonely and ‘forsaken to manage on their own’, their self-image was vulnerable. Schools should provide opportunities for the teachers to manage the transition effectively by creating a cooperative environment within the school and establishing organisational
practices.
Hjemmebehandling med intravenøs antibiotika
Authors: Jacobsen Marianne , Helleren Rita , Gallefoss Frode , Opsal Anne
Published: May 2023

Hjemmebehandling av infeksjoner med intravenøs antibiotika er vanlig internasjonalt, men er lite brukt i Norge. I denne studien er hensikten å kartlegge en pasientpopulasjon og beskrive pasienters erfaringer med intravenøs hjemmebehandling med antibiotika og gjennomførbarheten av behandlingsforløpet. Alle pasienter som ble behandlet hjemme med intravenøs antibiotika fra november 2016 til juni 2021 ble spurt om å delta i studien. Journalgranskning og spørreskjema ble brukt for å innhente data. Kvantitative data ble bearbeidet med deskriptiv statistikk og kvalitative data ble analysert med manifest innholdsanalyse. Studien inkluderer 175 pasienter, gjennomsnittsalder 65 år. Hyppigste infeksjoner var endokarditt, proteseinfeksjon og septisk artritt. Studien viste at pasientene var svært tilfredse med hjemmebehandling og at eldre pasienter kunne behandles hjemme (45 % var ≥70 år). 90 % av pasientene svarte at de ville valgt hjemmebehandling igjen dersom de trengte det og at hjemmebehandling ga økt trivsel og subjektiv livskvalitet, men at opplæring og oppfølgning var viktig.
Ultrasensitive Chip-Liquid Chromatography Analytical Tool for Quantification-A Review
Authors: Bhavyasri K. , Srija G. , Sumakanth M.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Chip liquid chromatography (LC) is a form of liquid chromatography (LC) that has been scaled down to suit a microchip for quick, high-throughput analysis with tiny sample volumes and minimal reagent usage. The term also goes by To date, four distinct on-chip LC strategies have been created. These strategies make use of columns that are open-tubular, packed-particle, monolithic, and pillar array.

Applications: This technique is used to analyze small compounds and medications in a variety of biological materials, as well as for proteomics. High quantities of other endogenous chemicals that may cause interference are present alongside these biological compounds, which are only present in tiny levels. LC miniaturization offers a solution to such problems.

Advantage: On-a-chip operations like sampling, sample transfer, separation, and identification are carried out. Sample preparation is the most challenging task at the micro level and is an important component of most analytical techniques, particularly in bioanalysis. One of the crucial steps in liquid chromatography is separation. Sensitive detection methods such as laser-induced fluorescence microscopy and mass spectrometry are being used.
Double Outlet Right Ventricle Infective Endocarditis: A Rare Combination and a Therapeutic Challenge
Authors: Elmasrioui Joumana , Islah Youssef , Eljamili Mohammed , Karimi Saloua El , Elhattaoui Mustapha , Benfaddoul Oualid , Idrissi Mariem Ouali , Ganouni Najat Cherif Idrissi El
Published: May 2023

Infective endocarditis involving the right side of the heart occurs rarely and often involves the tricuspid valve. The isolated pulmonary valve infective endocarditis (IPVIE) is a less common condition that occurs in specific population. The double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is an unusual congenital heart disease. The association of DORV and IPVIE darkens the prognosis. We report two cases of the association of DORV and IPVIE. The transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the base to the diagnosis. Right sided infective endocarditis in the lack of a guided strategy remains a therapeutic challenge.
Impact of Weed Management Practices and Phosphorus Levels on Nutrient Uptake and Quality of Clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)
Authors: Kanwar Krishna , Yadav S. S.
Published: May 2023

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2013 at Agronomy farm, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner, Jaipur (Rajasthan) to evaluate the impact of weed management practices and phosphorus levels on nutrient uptake and quality of clusterbean crop. The treatments comprising 6 weed control treatments (Weedy check, one HW at 20 DAS, two HW at 20 and 40 DAS, pendimethalin at 0.75 kg/ha, imazethapyr at 100 g/ha and fenoxoprop-p-ethyl at 70 g/ha and four levels of phosphorus (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg/ha) assigned to main and sub plots of spilt plot design, respectively and replicated thrice. Hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS, imazethapyr at 100 g/ha, and one HW at 20 DAS were found statistically similar and significantly better treatments in enhancing nutrient concentration in grain and stover, protein content in grain, and reduction in nutrient depletion by weeds but in enhancing of nutrient uptake by crop, two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS was found significantly better treatment over rest of the treatments. Application of 60 kg P/ha in clusterbean recorded the highest N, P, and K concentration in weeds and nutrient depletion by weeds at the harvest stage. Every increase in the level of P to 40 kg/ha resulted significant improvement in N, P and K uptake by grain and stover, protein content and phosphorus use efficiency.
Effect of Source and Rate of Livestock Manure on Yield, Quality and Net Economic Benefit of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.)
Authors: Ncuuri Kamunyu Deborah , Kingori Gathungu Geofrey , Mahugu Muraya Moses
Published: May 2023

Okra farmers use inorganic fertilizers which are expensive, they result to water pollution, increases the soil acidity, which affects soil nutrients availability and uptake as well as reducing microbial activity. Organic manure improves soil physical, chemical and biological properties, and are environmental friendly. However, farmers have limited information on the utilization of these organic manure sources on growth yield, quality and net economic benefit of okra. A study was conducted to determine the effects of rate cattle, goat and poultry manure on okra growth, yield, quality and net economic benefit at KALRO-Kandara Centre in Murang’a County between 2018 and 2019. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications for two cultivations. There were 10 treatments, i.e., 0, 3, 6 and 7 tonne ha-1 for cattle and goat manure, and 0, 3, 5 and 7 tonnes ha-1 poultry manure that were applied before planting okra variety Pusa Sawani. Data collected included yield characteristics total fresh pod yield and quality characteristics mainly total soluble solids (TSS). Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance using SAS statistical software version 9.4 and significantly different means were separated using LSD at α = 0.05. The results showed that there was significant effect of treatments (p < 0.05) on yield, quality and net economic benefit of okra. Poultry manure at the rate of 5t ha-1 recorded highest yield while control had the least. Goat manure at the rate of 6 tonnes ha-1 recorded the highest total soluble solids, hence, produced pods of the highest quality of 3.18°Brix and 3.21°Brix for Trial 1 and Trial 2, respectively, whereas the control produced pods of lowest quality of 2.31°Brix and 2.34°Brix for Trial 1 and Trial 2, respectively. Cattle manure at the rate of 6 tonnes ha-1 recorded the best net economic benefit of Ksh. 700,267 in Trial 1 and Ksh. 694,320 in Trial 2, while the control gave minimal returns of Ksh. 69,158 in Trial 1 and Ksh. 64,320 in Trial 2. This indicates an increase of net economic benefit of Ksh. 631,109 in Trial 1 and Ksh. 630,000 in Trial 2 for cattle manure compared to the control. The results of this study clearly indicate that in okra production, application of different types of animal organic manure can improve the productivity of the okra. The study recommends application of 5 tonnes ha-1 poultry manure, or   6 tonnes ha-1 of goat or cattle manure for best growth, yield, quality and net economic benefit of okra.
The Measurement and Spatial-Temporal Distribution of the Development Level of China's Digital Economy
Authors: Minghui Gu , Zhaoyan Chen , Hui Chen
Published: May 2023

Aims: Based on the latest classification standard of digital economy issued by the National Bureau of Statistics of China, this paper makes statistical measurement and analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of the development level of China's digital economy.

Study Design: Establish an indicator system for the development level of the digital economy and measure the spatial correlation between different regions.

Place and Duration of Study: School of Statistics and Application, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, China March to May 2023.

Methodology: Entropy method, kernel density estimation, Moran's I index and other statistical methods.

Results: It is found that China's digital economy is developing rapidly, but the development is obviously unbalanced, and the gap between high and low levels is increasing year by year. The development level of digital economy in provinces and cities has positive spatial autocorrelation, showing low-low clustering and high-high clustering spatial agglomeration phenomenon.

Conclusion: It is suggested to increase investment in digital innovation, strengthen regional cooperation, and adopt policies based on local conditions, so as to narrow regional gaps and promote the healthy and sustainable development of digital economy.
WORKFORCE AGILITY AND ADAPTIVE PERFORMANCE IN GOVERNMENT INSTITUTION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF WORK ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Saptarini Nur Ike , Mustika Martina Dwi
Published: May 2023

In government institutions, there have been several important changes such as the equalization of structural to functional positions and changes in the operating system. The state apparatus must have the ability to overcome changes and manage them. This research aims to determine how work engagement intervenes in the relationship between workforce agility and adaptive performance. The research was conducted quantitatively using a set of questionnaires. Participants in this study included 191 state apparatus in a government institution. The data was processed using IBM SPSS version 26. The mediating function of work engagement was examined using Andrew Hayes' analysis of the mediation model 4 Hayes process v4.0. The mediation test showed that the indirect effect of the range of confidence values is in the value 0.1448 – 0.4471 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) level and 5000 sample bootstraps. This suggests that the link between workforce agility and adaptive performance had a mediating role for work engagement variables. Based on this study, government institutions need to create employee development programs that can increase workforce agility and work engagement to improve the adaptive performance of state apparatus.
Asthma in Pregnancy
Authors: Huang Jenny , Namazy Jennifer
Published: May 2023

This JAMA Insights in the Women’s Health series examines the management of asthma during pregnancy, including diagnosis, treatment, and the handling of exacerbations.
Therapeutic Equivalence of Biosimilar and Reference Biologic Drugs in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ascef Bruna de Oliveira , Almeida Matheus Oliveira , Medeiros-Ribeiro Ana Cristina de , Oliveira de Andrade Danieli Castro , Oliveira Junior Haliton Alves de , de Soárez Patrícia Coelho
Published: May 2023

Importance

Biosimilar drugs are potentially lower-cost versions of biologics that may improve access to therapy. However, there is a lack of adequate systematic reviews demonstrating equivalence between these drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Objectives

To assess the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity associated with biosimilars of adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab compared with their reference biologics in patients with RA.

Data Sources

MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and LILACS databases were searched from inception to September 2021.

Study Selection

Head-to-head randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of biosimilars of adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab and their biologic reference drugs for RA were assessed.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Two authors independently abstracted all data. Meta-analysis was conducted with bayesian random effects using relative risks (RRs) for binary outcomes and standardized mean differences (SMDs) for continuous outcomes, with 95% credible intervals (CrIs) and trial sequential analysis. Specific domains were assessed for the risk of bias in equivalence and noninferiority trials. This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Equivalence was tested using prespecified margins for the American College of Rheumatology criteria, with at least 20% improvement in the core set measures (ACR20) (ie, RR, 0.94 to 1.06), and for the Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index (HAQ-DI) (ie, SMD, −0.22 to 0.22). Secondary outcomes included 14 items measuring safety and immunogenicity.

Results

A total of 25 head-to-head trials provided data on 10 642 randomized patients with moderate to severe RA. Biosimilars met equivalence with reference biologics in terms of ACR20 response (24 RCTs with 10 259 patients; RR, 1.01; 95% CrI, 0.98 to 1.04; τ2 = 0.000) and change of HAQ-DI scores (14 RCTs with 5579 patients; SMD, −0.04; 95% CrI, −0.11 to 0.02; τ2 = 0.002) considering prespecified margins of equivalence. Trial sequential analysis found evidence for equivalence for ACR20 since 2017 and HAQ-DI since 2016. Overall, biosimilars were associated with similar safety and immunogenicity profiles compared with reference biologics.

Conclusion and Relevance

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, biosimilars of adalimumab, infliximab, and etanercept were associated with clinically equivalent treatment effects compared with their reference biologics for the treatment of RA.
Incorporating Telemedicine in Rheumatology Fellowship Training Programs: Needs Assessment, Curricular Intervention, and Evaluation
Authors: Bolster Marcy B. , Kolfenbach Jason , Poeschla Alexandra , Criscione‐Schreiber Lisa , Hant Faye , Ishizawar Rumey , Jonas Beth , Leverenz David , O'Rourke Kenneth S. , Wolfe Rachel M. , Zickuhr Lisa
Published: May 2023

Objective

To increase the confidence of rheumatology fellows in training (FITs) in delivering virtual care (VC) and prepare them for independent practice, we developed educational materials addressing gaps in their skills.

Methods

We identified gaps in telemedicine skills based on FIT performance in a virtual rheumatology objective structured clinical examination (vROSCE) station on VC delivery using video teleconference technology and survey (survey 1) responses. We created educational materials including videos of “mediocre” and “excellent” VC examples, discussion/reflection questions, and a document summarizing key practices. We measured change in the confidence levels of FITs for delivering VC with a post‐intervention survey (survey 2).

Results

Thirty‐seven FITs (19 first‐year, 18 second‐ plus third‐year fellows) from 7 rheumatology fellowship training programs participated in a vROSCE and demonstrated gaps in skills mapping to several Rheumatology Telehealth Competency domains. Confidence levels of FITs improved significantly from survey 1 to survey 2 for 22 of 34 (65%) questions. All participating FITs found the educational materials helpful for learning and reflecting on their own VC practice; 18 FITs (64%) qualified usefulness as “moderately” or “a lot.” Through surveying, 17 FITs (61%) reported implementing skills from the instructional videos into VC visits.

Conclusion

Continually assessing our learners’ needs and creating educational materials addressing gaps in training are requisite. Using a vROSCE station, needs assessments, and targeted learning with videos and discussion‐guidance materials enhanced the confidence level of FITs in VC delivery. It is imperative to incorporate VC delivery into fellowship training program curricula to ensure breadth in skills, attitudes, and knowledge of new entrants into the rheumatology workforce.
In Situ Induced Core–Shell Carbon‐Encapsulated Amorphous Vanadium Oxide for Ultra‐Long Cycle Life Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Fei Ban , Liu Zhihang , Fu Junjie , Guo Xuyun , Li Ke , Zhang Chaoqi , Yang Xuhui , Cai Daoping , Liu Ji , Zhan Hongbing
Published: May 2023

Inevitable dissolution in aqueous electrolytes, intrinsically low electrical conductivity, and sluggish reaction kinetics have significantly hampered the zinc storage performance of vanadium oxide‐based cathode materials. Herein, core–shell N‐doped carbon‐encapsulated amorphous vanadium oxide arrays, prepared via a one‐step nitridation process followed by in situ electrochemical induction, as a highly stable and efficient cathode material for aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are reported. In this design, the amorphous vanadium oxide core provides unobstructed ions diffusion routes and abundant active sites, while the N‐doped carbon shell can ensure efficient electron transfer and greatly stabilize the vanadium oxide core. The assembled AZIBs exhibit remarkable discharge capacity (0.92 mAh cm−2 at 0.5 mA cm−2), superior rate capability (0.51 mAh cm−2 at 20 mA cm−2), and ultra‐long cycling stability (≈100% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 0.5 mA cm−2 and 97% capacity retention after 10 000 cycles at 20 mA cm−2). The working mechanism is further validated by in situ X‐ray diffraction combined with ex situ tests. Moreover, the fabricated cathode is highly flexible, and the assembled quasi‐solid‐state AZIBs present stable electrochemical performance under large deformations. This work offers insights into the development of high‐performance amorphous vanadium oxide‐based cathodes for AZIBs.
Metasurface Patch for Wireless Power Transfer in Implantable Devices
Authors: Jo Semin , Lee Wonwoo , Lee Hojin
Published: May 2023

Wireless power transfer (WPT) systems enable the long‐term operation and miniaturization of implantable devices by eliminating the need for battery replacement and wired power supplies. Although wireless power transfer systems for implantable devices are extensively studied, their practical application is still challenging owing to the constraints and requirements of the human body, such as reflection loss owing to differences in the tissue dielectric properties, mm‐sized devices, and electromagnetic (EM) wave attenuation of the tissue. Here, a phase‐gradient metasurface patch is presented to achieve 5.8 GHz EM power focusing at a focal point of depth 10 mm in the tissue via EM wavefront modulation at the skin–air interface. The proposed metasurface patch is fabricated by arranging subwavelength‐thickness (<λ/10) unit cell structures composed of four metallic layers separated by dielectric substrates that exhibit high‐Q resonance properties and a sufficient phase modulation range with enhanced transmission. By applying the fabricated metasurface patch to a wireless power transfer system for implantable devices, it is experimentally confirmed that the transmission coefficient (S21) is improved by 6.37 dB compared with that of a wireless power transfer system without the metasurface patch. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the transmission coefficient can be maintained for an incident angle variation up to 30° from the transmitter to the metasurface patch, resulting in a stable power delivery of the proposed wireless power transfer system.
Three Compartment Liposome Fusion: Functional Protocells for Biocatalytic Cascades and Operation of Dynamic DNA Machineries
Authors: Huang Fujian , Xue Huiying , Fu Yuzhe , Ouyang Yu , Chen Danlong , Xia Fan , Willner Itamar
Published: May 2023

Nucleic acid‐functionalized liposomes modified at their boundaries with o‐nitrobenzyl phosphate‐caged hairpin units and pH‐responsive C‐G·C+ triplex forming strands are used for the concomitant light and pH‐triggered fusion of three types of loaded liposomes. The fusion processes are followed by light‐scattering size enlargement measurements, optical methods, and biocatalytic cascades activated upon the mixing of the liposomes loaded with enzymes and their substrates and their fusion into the cell‐like containments. The fused liposomes act as functional protocells for the integration of biocatalytic machineries. This is exemplified by the operation of an autonomous polymerization/nickase machinery synthesizing a Mg2+‐ion‐dependent DNAzyme and of a transcription machinery yielding the Malachite Green‐RNA aptamer product.
Bioinspired Microstructured Adhesives with Facile and Fast Switchability for Part Manipulation in Dry and Wet Conditions
Authors: Pang Chohei , Kim Jae‐Kang , Wu Yingdan , Wang Michael Yu , Yu Hongyu , Sitti Metin
Published: May 2023

The rapid growth in the miniaturized mechanical and electronic devices industry has created the need for temporary attachment systems that can carry out pick‐and‐place and transfer printing tasks for fragile and tiny parts. Current systems are limited by a fundamental trade‐off between adhesive strength and state‐changing trigger force, which causes the need for a rapidly switchable adhesive. In this study, an elastomeric microstructure is presented combining a trapezoidal‐prism‐shaped (TPS) and a mushroom‐shaped microstructure, which overcomes the trade‐off with the help of the TPS structure. The optimal design exhibits a strong adhesive strength of 87.8 kPa and a negligible detachment strength of <0.07 kPa with a low trigger shear stress of 10.7 kPa on smooth glass surfaces. The large tip‐to‐stem ratio (50 to 20 µm) enhances the suction effect, allowing the microstructure to maintain its adhesive performance even in wet conditions. Pick‐and‐place manipulation tasks of a single and an array of ultralight parts from micrometer to millimeter scales are performed to demonstrate the capability of handling fragile and tiny parts. Moreover, it demonstrates the ability to transfer parts across water and air interfaces. This proposed microstructure offers a facile solution for manipulating microscale fragile parts in dry and wet conditions.
Sonocatalytic In Situ Induced Oxygen Storm Precision Enhanced Reactive Oxygen Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zhang Meifang , Dong Lile , Li Dong , Zhu Lichao , Peng Renmiao , Liu Xijian , Wang Kaiyang , Wang Xia , Zhu Yicheng , Sun Haitao , Luo Yu
Published: May 2023

Deep‐buried tissue, extremely hypoxic blood supply, and complex tumor microenvironment are considered to be the hardest difficult barriers to the accurate treatment of pancreatic cancer. Herein, a novel Au@Co3O4 (AC)‐polyvinylpyrrolidone (AC‐PVP) sonocatalytic agent and radiation sensitizer with a multicore–shell structure are synthesized by a mild reduction method for reshaping the special physiological environment of pancreatic cancer. Oxygen storms can be generated under ultrasonic activation by in situ catalyzed H2O2 in tumor tissue. The oxygen storm improves the ability to produce superoxide anions by sonodynamic therapy as well as rapidly supplements the oxygen‐dependent on active oxygen such as auger electrons produced by high‐energy ray ionization during radiotherapy (RT), further enhancing the efficiency of RT. Interestingly, AC‐PVP can reduce the intracellular glutathione (GSH) level, thus preventing the generated reactive oxygen species from being consumed by GSH. More importantly, the glucose oxidase‐like of AC‐PVP can catalyze glucose in tumor tissue to produce H2O2, and continuously provide substrates for sonocatalytic to form self‐cycling oxygen production. This study offers a novel paradigm for achieving in situ precise self‐oxygenation to overcome the special physiological barrier of pancreatic cancer and efficient sonodynamic synergistic radiotherapy.
Flexible Modulation of Cellular Activities with Cationic Photosensitizers: Insights of Alkyl Chain Length on Reactive Oxygen Species Antimicrobial Mechanisms
Authors: Zheng Liang , Zhu Yiwen , Sun Yujie , Xia Shuai , Duan Shun , Yu Bingran , Li Jing , Xu Fu‐Jian
Published: May 2023

Cationic photosensitizers have good binding ability with negatively charged bacteria and fungi, exhibiting broad applications potential in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). However, cationic photosensitizers often display unsatisfactory transkingdom selectivity between mammalian cells and pathogens, especially for eukaryotic fungi. It is unclear which biomolecular sites are more efficient for photodynamic damage, owing to the lack of systematic research with the same photosensitizer system. Herein, a series of cationic aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) derivatives (CABs) (using berberine (BBR) as the photosensitizers core) with different length alkyl chains are successfully designed and synthesized for flexible modulation of cellular activities. The BBR core can efficiently produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and achieve high‐performance aPDT . Through the precise regulation of alkyl chain length, different bindings, localizations, and photodynamic killing effects of CABs are achieved and investigated systematically among bacteria, fungi, and mammalian cells. It is found that intracellular active substances, not membranes, are more efficient damage sites of aPDT. Moderate length alkyl chains enable CABs to effectively kill Gram‐negative bacteria and fungi with light, while still maintaining excellent mammalian cell and blood compatibility. This study is expected to provide systematic theoretical and strategic research guidance for the construction of high‐performance cationic photosensitizers with good transkingdom selectivity.
Recent Progress in Long‐Wavelength InGaN Light‐Emitting Diodes from the Perspective of Epitaxial Structure
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Sun Ke , Cui Siyuan , Tang Bin , Hu Hongpo , Zhou Shengjun
Published: May 2023

Over the last decades, continuous technological advancements have been made in III‐nitride light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), so that they are considered as a promising replacement of traditional light sources. With the emission wavelength covering the entire visible spectrum, InGaN LEDs find various applications such as solid‐state lightings, full‐color displays, and visible light communication. However, the quantum efficiency of InGaN LEDs suffers from a dramatic decline as the emission wavelength extends from blue to green–red region. This issue restrains the lighting and display applications based on the color‐mixing monolithic lighting source system. In this review, the recent breakthroughs in long‐wavelength InGaN LEDs, together with the challenges and approaches to realize high‐indium‐composition InGaN epilayers, are introduced. These cover the different epitaxial substrates, nucleation layers, and epitaxial structures, especially multiple quantum wells active region. The related studies are also discussed to improve the long‐wavelength LEDs performance from the aspect of crystal quality, growth orientation, carrier‐injection, and 3D nanostructures. Finally, current status and perspectives for future long‐wavelength LEDs development are proposed briefly.
Design of a D–Di–π–A Architecture with Different Auxiliary Donors for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells: Density Functional Theory/Time‐Dependent‐Density Functional Theory Study of the Effect of Secondary Donors
Authors: Azaid Ahmed , Kacimi Rchid , Alaqarbeh Marwa , Raftani Marzouk , Abram Tayeb , Sbai Abdelouahid , Lakhlifi Tahar , Bouachrine Mohammed
Published: May 2023

In this work, five novel D–Di–π–A molecules based on ethoxy donor moiety are designed from the reference molecule R to optimize the photovoltaic performance of dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) systems. The geometrical, electronic, optical, and photovoltaic characteristics of the D1–D5 compounds are analyzed. D1–D5 show band gaps (Egap) in the range of 2.13–2.25 eV with the maximum absorption wavelength (λabs) in 427–451 nm. Charge transport characteristics are examined by employing frontier molecular orbitals and density of states. The transition density matrix is employed to predict the characteristics of the electronic excitation mechanisms and the localization of the electronic holes betwixt the donor and acceptor moieties. The data obtained indicate that adding the various auxiliary donors to dye (R) facilitate its electron injection and improve the impact of intramolecular charge‐transfer (ICT), which lead to a red‐shifted absorption. The open‐circuit voltage (Voc) data obtained from theoretical computations vary from 1.26 to 1.30 eV, while the data for the light harvesting efficiency range from 0.97 to 1.00. Indeed, this study may help chemists to synthesize efficient dyes for DSSC.
Earth‐Abundant Na‐Mg‐Fe‐Mn‐O Cathode with Reversible Hybrid Anionic and Cationic Redox
Authors: Niu Yaoshen , Hu Zilin , Zhang Bo , Xiao Dongdong , Mao Huican , Zhou Lin , Ding Feixiang , Liu Yuan , Yang Yang , Xu Juping , Yin Wen , Zhang Nian , Li Zhiwei , Yu Xiqian , Hu Hao , Lu Yaxiang , Rong Xiaohui , Li Ju , Hu Yong‐Sheng
Published: May 2023

Na‐ion batteries (NIBs) are promising for grid‐scale energy storage applications. However, the lack of Co, Ni‐free cathode materials has made them less cost‐effective. In this work, Mg2+ is successfully utilized to activate the oxygen redox reaction in earth‐abundant Fe/Mn‐based layered cathodes to achieve reversible hybrid anionic and cationic redox capacities. A high first charge capacity of ≈210 mAh g−1 with balanced charge–discharge efficiency is achieved without O‐loss, showing a promising energy cost of $2.02 kWh−1. Full cell against hard carbon anode without pre‐sodiation shows energy density exceeding ≈280 Wh kg−1 with a decent capacity retention of 85.6% after 100 cycles. A comprehensive analysis of the charge compensation mechanisms and structural evolution is conducted. Voltage and capacity loss resulting from partially reversible Fe3+ migration to the Na layer is confirmed, shedding light on further improvements for low‐cost NIB cathodes in application scenarios.
Classification of tobacco using remote sensing and deep learning techniques
Authors: Qazi Umama Khalid , Ahmad Iftikhar , Minallah Nasru , Zeeshan Muhammad
Published: May 2023

Tobacco is an important crop in many countries, and its management could be improved by accurate yield predictions. Traditional yield estimation methods like human‐based surveys are inaccurate, time consuming, and expensive. In this work, we consider the problem of tobacco identification and classification from satellite imagery and propose a Conv1D and long short‐term memory (LSTM) based deep learning model. We compare the performance of our proposed Conv1D and LSTM deep learning model with benchmark machine learning models, namely support vector machine, random forest, and LSTM. Our model had an accuracy of 98.4%. The use of accurate models can improve the decision process.
Guidelines in Practice: Positioning the Patient
Authors: Speth Jennifer
Published: May 2023

Positioning the patient is an important perioperative task; the recently updated AORN “Guideline for positioning the patient” provides perioperative personnel with background information and evidence‐based best practices for perioperative patient positioning and focuses on maintaining patient and staff member safety. The revised guideline includes recommendations for placing patients safely in a variety of positions and avoiding positioning injuries, such as postoperative vision loss. This article provides an overview of positioning recommendations for assessing patients’ risk for injury, implementing safe positioning practices, placing patients in the Trendelenburg position, and preventing intraocular injuries. It also includes a patient‐focused scenario on preventing adverse events associated with the Trendelenburg position that aligns with information discussed in the article. Perioperative nurses should review the guideline in its entirety and implement appropriate recommendations for positioning patients during procedures.
Prosthetic heart valves for transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Hu Xinman , Li Shifen , Peng Pai , Wang Beiduo , Liu Wenxing , Dong Xiaofei , Yang Xiayan , Karabaliev Miroslav , Yu Qifeng , Gao Changyou
Published: May 2023

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has the advantages of less trauma and faster postoperative recovery, which has brought the possibility to the elderly patient with valvular heart disease and is gradually replacing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). The interventional valve used in TAVR needs to be compressed and transported through the catheter to the lesion site, and can still recover its original shape, structure and performance. This process requires that the material should be flexible, and the rigid mechanical valves in SAVR are not suitable. Recently, decellularized biological valves have been widely used in clinical practice, but their poor durability causes a limitation for long‐term implantation. Therefore, the anti‐calcification modification of biological valves and the design of new polymeric valves with good biostability have gained considerable attention. This review summarizes the calcification mechanism of biological valves and the research progress in anti‐calcification modification strategies. Besides, the development of new polymeric valves is included, with special attention to representative cases, such as polysiloxane, polytetrafluorethylene, poly(styrene‐block‐isobutylene‐block‐styrene), and polyurethane‐based materials. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of artificial heart valve materials are discussed.
Medication‐induced mood disorders following epidural steroid injections in patients with pain: A case series
Authors: Vangeison Christian T. , Roys Joseph P. , Catalanotto Marissa N. , Kupperman Wyatt I. , Kovacs Alexander R. , Dîrzu Dan Sebastian , Husu Emanuel N.
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical Message

Medication‐induced mood disorders following epidural steroid injections are possible therefore should be disclosed to the patient.

Medication‐induced mood disorders have been rarely reported following epidural steroid injections (ESI). This case series presents three patients who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM‐5) criteria for substance/medication‐induced mood disorder after an ESI. In considering a candidacy for ESI, the rare but significant, side effects of psychiatric side effects should be disclosed to patients.
Scale‐up Efficient Synthesis of α‐Poly(L‐lysine)†
Authors: Lv Wenxiu , Li Maosheng , Tao Youhua
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive Summary

α‐Poly(L‐lysine) (α‐PLL) is a water‐soluble cationic biopolymer containing the monomeric unit α‐L‐lysine, which not only possesses excellent intrinsic properties but also can be modified via facile reactions between the side amine groups and many other functional moieties. Ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) is the most prevalently used technique for the synthesis of PLL‐based polypeptides, which involves initial conversion of the ε‐primary amine‐protected α‐L‐lysine to the L‐lysine NCA monomer. However, obtaining N‐carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) in high purity has been a formidable challenge for over 50 years, let alone the large‐scale synthesis. Herein, we show an unprecedented scale‐up synthesis of L‐Cbz‐LysNCA monomer and its polymers, generating linear α‐poly(L‐lysine) with molecular weight (MW) up to 13.4 kDa. This easy operated scale‐up strategy will lay the foundations for the industrial preparation of L‐Cbz‐LysNCA and its polymers, and further extend the realm of existing applications, offering a paradigm for scale‐up synthesis of other polypeptides.
Carbazole‐Based Donor‐Acceptor Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Efficient Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic H2 Evolution†
Authors: Xu Linchu , Yang Chen , Cheng Zhonghua , Huang Qihang , Zhang Shizhe , Qian Cheng , Liao Yaozu
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive Summary

Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) featuring extended π‐structures, large specific surface area and tailor‐made functionalities are a class of promising organic photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from water. However, the photocatalytic activities of most CMPs are severely hindered by slow charge transfer rate and fast charge recombination process. Herein, we develop a strategy for the synthesis of donor‐acceptor CMPs through nickel(0)‐catalyzed Yamamoto cross‐coupling of 3,6‐dibromo‐9‐(4‐bromophenyl)carbazole (CZ) with 5,5'‐dibromo‐2,2'‐bipyridine (DBPy) for efficient HER from water. The PCZN‐4 prepared with a 2 : 3 stoichiometric ratio of CZ to DBPy exhibited the highest photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 7160 μmol·g–1·h–1, which was nearly equal to 179 times and 143 times that of PCZN‐1 (40 μmol·g–1·h–1) and PCZN‐6 (50 μmol·g–1·h–1) obtained by Yamamoto homocoupling of CZ and DBPy, respectively. Compared to the homocoupling counterparts, the enhanced photocatalytic activity of PCZN‐4 results from improved separation efficiency of charge carriers. Interestingly, the photocatalytic H2 evolution performance of PCZN‐4 could be further improved up to 17080 μmol·g–1·h–1 by adjusting pH of the aqueous solution. This work offers a novel approach for improving photocatalytic efficiency by tuning the chemical structures and surrounding microenvironment of the polymer backbone.
Nanopore‐Based Metal Ion Detection and Metal Ion‐Mediated Nanopore Sensing†
Authors: Song Xi‐Tong , Yin Yun‐Dong , Wu Guo‐Rong , Xu Ming , Gu Zhi‐Yuan
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive Summary

With the continuous development of nanotechnology, single‐molecule nanopore detection has become a popular research topic. In this review, we summarize the application of biological nanopores for metal ions detection as well as overview the function of metal ions in the ion‐mediated nanopore detection of different analytes in recent decades. According to the previous reports, biological nanopores utilize two strategies to detect metal ions. First, the specific binding sites are engineered in the nanopore to slow down the translocation rate of metal ions, resulting in the diverse specific current blockage signals. Secondly, the external molecule probes are added in the detection system to interact with metal ions, leading to the characteristic changes in the signals. At the same time, the external addition of metal ions into the nanopore detection systems enhances the sensitivity and selectivity through the changes of pore charges, the coordination with analytes or indirect detection. This review provides a summary on the role of metal ions in the application of nanopore detection technology.
A randomized comparison of retrograde left‐sided versus anterograde right‐sided ablation of the atrioventricular junction
Authors: Dulai Rajdip , Sulke Neil , Furniss Stephen S. , Malaweera Anura , Lambiase Pier D. , Patel Nikhil , Veasey Rick A.
Published: May 2023

Background

Catheter ablation of the atrioventricular node (AVN) is an effective treatment for patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation. This study compares the success rate, procedure time, radiation time, and complication rates of retrograde left‐sided (LSA) and anterograde right‐sided (RSA) AVN ablation in a randomised controlled trial.

Methods

Thirty‐one patients undergoing AVN ablation were randomized to either LSA (15 patients) or RSA (16 patients). Crossover occurred after six unsuccessful radiofrequency (RF) applications.

Results

The LSA cohort had a mean age of 77.00 ± 5.17 and the RSA cohort was 79.44 ± 6.08 (p = .0240). There were five crossovers from LSA to RSA and there was one crossover from RSA to LSA. There was no significant difference in ablation time between LSA and RSA (210.40 ± 179.77 vs. 192.19 ± 130.29 seconds, p = .748). There was no significant difference in procedure time, fluoroscopy time, radiation dose, or number of RF applications between the two groups. There was 1 (6.67%) serious adverse event in the LSA group and 1 (6.25%) in the RSA group due to femoral hematomas requiring blood transfusion or intervention. There was no significant difference in patient‐reported discomfort between LSA and RSA (16.43 ± 20.67 vs. 17.87 ± 28.08, p = .877). The study was stopped before full recruitment due to futility.

Conclusions

Retrograde LSA of the AVN does not reduce RF applications, procedure time, or radiation exposure compared with conventional RSA and cannot be recommended as a first‐line clinical approach.