bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Special and Differential Treatment as If It Could Be Reformed
Authors: Sauvé Pierre
Published: November 2022

The central question posed by the longstanding debate among World Trade Organization (WTO) Members over special and differential treatment (S&DT) is how best to address legitimate demands for differentiation. Should this be done by replacing the self-designation of development status by a set of objective metrics distinguishing different categories of WTO Members? Or should Members alternatively focus their efforts on addressing objectively assessed capacities and needs in a more customized manner and on a case by case and agreement-specific basis? This note’s review of the S&DT debate suggests that rather than focusing on the divisive issue of development status, where prospects for consensus appear non-existent, WTO Members should design S&DT support focusing on objectively assessed negotiating and implementation needs to which targeted Aid for Trade would respond. A forward-looking approach to differentiation within the WTO requires that an altogether different narrative on trade and development take root in the organization, one that ascribes to trade (and to trade policy) a key supportive role in development trajectories. All too often, S&DT demands are formulated as if multilateral rules are inherently inimical to the development needs and aspirations of the world’s poorest nations. The note advances several reform options in charting a forward-looking S&DT agenda.

Trade and development, trade governance, developing countries, least developed countries, special and differential treatment, World Trade Organization
Entraves à inovação no Brasil: Mão-de-obra qualificadas e a interação universidade-empresa
Authors: Nagao Menezes Daniel Francisco
Published: November 2022

Por meio de uma investigação dos dados disponíveis da Pesquisa de Inovação (PINTEC) do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística do Brasil, a qual inclui informações sobre a interações universidade-empresa (PINTEC), o texto mostra que as empresas industriais brasileiras carecem de pessoal qualificado para duas atividades-chave: a promoção da inovação e o estabelecimento de um diálogo entre universidades e empresas. As fraquezas das empresas brasileiras e a inadequação da oferta de força de trabalho geram know-why escasso (ou inadequado). Além disso, uma perspectiva restrita nas universidades brasileiras, focada na criação de uma sociedade mais educada, ao invés de aumentar o estoque de conhecimento tecnológico, restringe a geração de know-what e know-who.
La gestión integral de la seguridad en la educación primaria
Authors: Leal Acanda Luis Dimas , Martínez Gandol Carlos , Martínez Gandol Yander
Published: November 2022

El trabajo que se presenta es resultado de dos proyectos de investigación Saneamiento y protección de ecosistemas asociados a comunidades impactadas por el cambio climático e Implementación de la Tarea Vida y evaluación de la Gestión Ambiental de la Universidad de Holguín. Tiene como objetivo demostrar la importancia de la gestión integral de la seguridad en centros de la Educación Primaria. Se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico como: análisis-síntesis, inducción-deducción, que permitieron procesar la información consultada, elaborar la fundamentación teórica de la investigación, así como interpretar los resultados obtenidos con la aplicación de métodos empíricos como la observación que permitió identificar las principales insuficiencias de los maestros y educandos. Como resultado se aborda el estudio realizado sobre el proceso de la gestión integral de la seguridad para la gestión de la reducción del riesgo de desastres en centros de la Educación Primaria.

Palabras clave: riesgo; peligro; vulnerabilidad; Tarea Vida.
Pelos (des)caminhos da lei: a trajetória da disciplina de sociologia no estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Hermínio Gonçalves Janaina
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um mapeamento de pesquisas e levantamentos feitos acerca do processo e da consolidação da disciplina de Sociologia no Ensino Médio com enfoque no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, após a instituição da Lei n.º 11.684, de 2 de junho de 2008. A partir de um mote de trabalhos sobre a temática, bem como um exame documental em espaços como a Revista Cadernos da Associação Brasileira de Ensino de Ciências Sociais (CABECS), o censo de 2016 MEC/INEP, e o Manifesto do Movimento Nacional em Defesa do Ensino Médio, observamos que o processo de institucionalização da disciplina contou com um emaranhado de problemáticas e intermitências até sua oficialização, em 2008, ligadas às lutas pela introdução, oferta e permanência destes conteúdos, que passaram a compor de forma obrigatória o currículo de aprendizagens de conteúdos disponíveis ao estudante.
A lógica algorítmica e a questão do poder: uma reflexão a partir de Foucault
Authors: Calonego Mariana , Antônio Gatti Márcio
Published: November 2022

Considerando a presença marcante das tecnologias computacionais no cotidiano das pessoas e o modo como influenciam a aquisição de hábitos na atualidade, este escrito se propõe a analisar, a partir de Foucault (1987; 2008; 2015), o modo de operação do poder através das tecnologias. Para isso, tomamos os conceitos foucaultianos de poder e dispositivo. O primeiro enquanto uma operação implicada e exercida em todas as faces da sociedade, atravessada por um cálculo que tem fins e objetivos específicos, e o segundo, como um aparato, uma rede, que gerencia e faz parte do acontecimento, cuja dimensão teria uma função estratégica dominante. Considera-se que as ferramentas de cálculo computacionais, os algoritmos, influenciam o modo como os usuários navegam na web. Por meio do extrativismo de dados, os algoritmos podem personalizar a experiência dos usuários, promovendo o consumo e o fornecimento voluntário de dados. A ideia de poder pastoral enquanto condução do coletivo e do individual, ao mesmo tempo e numa determinada direção, e a de panoptismo como estratégia de vigilância, parecem apropriadas para considerar uma prática de governo, de direcionamento, via algoritmos. A partir disso, consideramos que as tecnologias digitais compõem uma nova instância de poder acoplada aos discursos neoliberais, que produzem uma sensação de redução entre aquele que detém o poder e quem está submetido a ele, fazendo o sujeito operar o poder sobre si mesmo. Por fim, propomos pensar lutas e resistências enquanto modos de contra condutas a esta forma de governo.
O currículo por projetos na dialética de Michel Foucault: desmistificando mecanismos de controle nos espaços escolares
Authors: Almeida Silva Cristina , Camba Mariangela
Published: November 2022

Evidenciamos neste artigo a essencialidade da prática de projetos como forma de propor novas conjecturas de repensar o currículo e os espaços educativos no contexto escolar, desmistificando evidências correlacionadas a quatro mecanismos de controle referenciados na obra de Foucault (1975) - “Vigiar e Punir”, delineando novas concepções de ensino para o sujeito em desenvolvimento. Enaltecemos contrapontos em relação a esses mecanismos intrínsecos a um modelo de currículo tradicional, que segue e parametriza reflexos de práticas educativas que docilizam corpos - Foucault (1984). Em síntese, aportamos uma pesquisa qualitativa, de ordem bibliográfica com analogias reflexivas a um artigo científico, mediante levantamento da literatura -Google Acadêmico, consubstanciando autores como Freire (2007), Santos (2002), Hernández (1998) e Silva (2005), reverberando discussões assertivas  sobre o método com projetos, com conjecturas de se pensar uma educação  libertadora em um novo protótipo de sociedade, que eleve o sujeito em construção, não ao patamar de um soldado que segue em marcha, que controla ou é controlado por seu meio – “panóptico educativo”, mas, de um indivíduo que se projeta em seus espaços e transpassa o “quadriculamento pedagógico”, conduzindo-se por uma visão de currículo conectado com novas projeções sociais. Delineamos nos moldes conclusivos, tratativas da “caixa de ferramentas” na perspectiva de Foucault, enunciada mediante a essencialidade de se pensar o fazer docente para com o modelo de sociedade democrática, que investiga sua identidade em prol de mecanismos viabilizados por novas concepções históricas de um mundo humanizado, em construção.
Understanding the Shopping Behaviour of Consumers towards FMCG Sector in Shopping Malls and Quick Commerce
Authors: Sharma Harshit
Published: November 2022

The FMCG sector, India's fourth-largest industry, has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past 20 years and has an impact on everyone's daily lives. The FMCG sector has a significant impact on India's GDP. The study of consumer behaviour focuses on how individuals, groups, and organisations select, acquire, use, and discard products and services that satisfy their needs. India's FMCG industry is still recovering as consumers return to their regular routines. According to NielsenIQ's FMCG Snapshot for Q2 2022, the FMCG industry grew by 10.9% in the quarter ending in June 2022, up from 6% the previous quarter. A double-digit rise in FMCG is also anticipated for India in 2022 as a result of the consumer spending rebound and favourable macroeconomic indicators. We evaluated numerous FMCG Sector components as part of our research study's effort to better understand consumer behaviour. We aimed to analyse customer behaviour across a variety of aspects, including discovering cheaper pricing both online and offline, the impact of shopping malls on impulsive purchases, the mall shopping experience & quick commerce, the impact of online purchasing, & others. Key Words: Consumer Behaviour, Quick Commerce, Shopping Mall, FMCG Products and Online Shopping
Environmental Sustainability in Fashion Industry through Sharing Economy
Authors: Almoghidi Ali , Albader Riyadh , Alsuhaymi Mohammed
Published: November 2022

The fashion industry is among the leading global pollution contributors. Overproduction and underutilization of clothes have resulted in a phenomenon of environmental pollution through the release of toxic gases and dumping. The sharing economy offers an incredible solution to the problem. Renting clothes utilized for special occasions instead of purchasing new ones can reduce pollution created by the continuous production of new ones and premature dumping. The Business Model Canvas provides an overview of how the sharing economy can be implemented in the fashion industry.
Economic Growth Impact of Technology and Trade in Nigeria
Authors: Olamade Olumuyiwa O , Osunlana Kayode , Adebogun Opeyemi Ruth
Published: November 2022

Trade generally has been linked to high economic growth and technology diffusion across and within economies. This study thus sets out to investigate, in the context of Nigeria, the economic growth impacts of technology and trade using three proxies of trade openness- the ratio of total exports and imports to the gross domestic product (GDP); the total volume of exports; and imports. Fixed telephone plus mobile cellular subscriptions were used as a proxy for technology. With data extracted from the World Development Indicators, three models were estimated using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) framework for cointegration and determination of long-run coefficients of parameters. Granger causality tests were performed to determine the direction of causalities. The results of all the tests were interpreted to arrive at the inferences and conclusions drawn for this work. Trade openness and exports were found to be detrimental to growth, while the positive impact of imports was not significant. Technology was found to significantly promote growth and Granger caused exports, imports, capital, and labor. All the diagnostics supported the validity of the assumptions of the regression errors and the specification of our models. We concluded that the growth impact of trade on Nigeria's economy is largely dependent on the technology intensity of its trade.
How Has the Code of Ethics Weathered COVID-19?
Authors: Werner Dena , Pollack Daniel
Published: November 2022

Countries, communities, institutions, families, and individuals all live by a code of ethical standards. Social work takes pride in conducting itself according to a set of written ethical principles and standards that are derived from the core values of the profession. Depending on the state, the Code of Ethics, or parts thereof, may have the force of law. To ensure that the Code remains relevant it must have an inherent character that is neither too rigid nor too flexible, and it must be interpreted in such a way as to reflect the constantly changing dynamics and pressures of the social work profession and society. The COVID-19 pandemic has surely tested the mettle of the Code, as practitioners began to provide telehealth services, with or without weighing important practice provisions, core values, ethical principles and standards, and critical areas of knowledge. The article seeks to examine existing interpretations of the Code and the influence they have on social work practice during the pandemic. Most importantly, the article aims to broaden practitioners’ awareness and judgement regarding ethical and legal duties in social work practice. Keywords: Code of Ethics, COVID-19, social work practice, ethical decision-making processes
Yolk tumor on testicular ectopia about a case and review of the literature: Contribution of imaging
Authors:   Departement Of Radiology, Universite Abdelmalek Saadi, Chu Tanger, Morocco., Sara Habib Chorfa , S Omari Tadlaoui ,   Departement Of Radiology, Universite Abdelmalek Saadi, Chu Tanger, Morocco., B Dahmani ,   Departement Of Radiology, Universite Abdelmalek Saadi, Chu Tanger, Morocco., Z Moudafia ,   Departement Of Radiology, Universite Abdelmalek Saadi, Chu Tanger, Morocco., S Alaoui Rachidi ,   Departement Of Radiology, Universite Abdelmalek Saadi, Chu Tanger, Morocco.
Published: November 2022

Vitellin or endodermal sac tumours are rare germ malignant tumours. They account for less than 5% of germ cell tumours. They are aggressive tumors that preferentially affect children and young people. We illustrate here the importance of multimodality imaging for the diagnosis of vitellin sac tumor so we present a literature review about the case studied.
Fetus in fetu as a differential diagnosis of fetal abdominal tumors
Authors:   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil., Sara Habib Chorfa
Published: November 2022

Fetus-in-fetu (FIF) is a rare condition in which an abnormal parasitic twin grows inside the body of its co-twin. Fetal Medicine specialists should be suspicious of dealing with FIF when ultrasound imaging shows a heterogenous mass inside the fetal abdomen. We present a case of a 21-year-old pregnant woman who presented an abnormal ultrasound at 31 weeks gestation that revealed a fetus with an intra-abdominal mass. The fetal ultrasound evaluation was suggestive of FIF. The patient had a vaginal delivery after spontaneous onset of labour at the end of pregnancy. An exploratory laparotomy of the newborn was performed four days after birth and allowed removal of an incomplete fetus with distorted head and limbs enveloped by a semi-transparent sac-like capsule placed in retroperitoneum and fed by a small branch of the aorta. The autopsy confirmed the diagnosis of a FIF. The newborn was discharged healthy.
An intra-abdominal triangular magnetic reconstruction
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Sappler Maria , s Clemen ,   Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Moser Alex ,   Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Renz Oliver ,   Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Bürgi Sabine Scholl- ,   Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Härter Bettina ,   Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Öfner Dietmar ,   Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Published: November 2022

Magnet ingestions present an increasing problem in pediatric surgery. Especially multiple magnets in the digestive tract pose a significant health hazard and cause severe complications. We report a 6-year-old boy presenting with mild abdominal symptoms after ingesting eleven magnetic parts of a construction toy set about three weeks before. The radiography revealed an extraordinary intra-abdominal triangular reconstruction. Only gastroscopy following open surgery succeeded in the retrieval of all magnetic parts. A magnet in the stomach reconnected with one in the jejunum, causing necrosis of the intestinal wall on both sides. Radiography is the diagnostic tool of choice for magnet ingestions but does not always solve all questions immediately, and different approaches to remove the magnets are often necessary.
New Therapy Option: Maisonneuve Fracture without Transsyndesmotic Fixation
Authors:   Department of orthopaedics, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affliated to Southern Medical University, No. 11 West Renmin Rd, Chancheng District, Foshan City 528000, Guangdong, China., Liu Zhaofa , Feng Dachang ,   Department of orthopaedics, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affliated to Southern Medical University, No. 11 West Renmin Rd, Chancheng District, Foshan City 528000, Guangdong, China., Chen Haitao ,   Department of orthopaedics, Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affliated to Southern Medical University, No. 11 West Renmin Rd, Chancheng District, Foshan City 528000, Guangdong, China.
Published: November 2022

Ankle fracture is one of the common injuries in orthopedic department, the Maisonneuve fracture is a specific type of ankle injury. This fracture is usually caused by rotational force. According to the Lauge -Hansen classification, it is a pronation and external rotation type injury, often resulting in inferior tibiofibular injury. Because it is extremely unstable, it is usually treated surgically. Operative treatment includes medial malleolus fixtion, reduction of the inferior tibiofibular joint and screw fixation. When the fibula fractured is without shortening or dislocation, it is still controversial if inferior tibiofibular joint needs fixation. The aim of this study is to introduce a new method-Maisonneuve without transsyndesmotic fixation and analysis the follow-up result.
Diagnostic value of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) In Predicting Mortality of Heart Failure
Authors:   Cardiologist, Fellowship in Heart failure and cardiac transplantation, Cardiovascular department ,Rasoul Akram General Hospital,Iran University of medical science, Tehran, Iran., Hajahmadi Marjan , Rajabian Mohammad Sadegh ,   Resident of General Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran., Rad Soroush ,   Hematologist and Medical Oncologist, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Iran., Zahedi Sima ,   Medical Doctor, Department of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Iran., Rajabi Amirali Kamyab ,   Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Published: November 2022

The role of inflammatory processes in exacerbating fibrotic and atherosclerotic processes has been confirmed, such as increased neutrophil count. Some evidence identified the prognostic role of the neutrophil to the lymphocytic ratio (NLR) in predicting adverse outcomes of heart diseases. A review of the literature indicates controversial results about the role of this index in predicting mortality of heart failure (HF). In this comprehensive review, we aimed to evaluate the role of NLR in predicting mortality in patients with HF.
Primary Abdominal Tuberculosis Presenting as Peritonitis: Experience at an Emergency Medical Unit in the War Zone
Authors:   Director of Surgery, Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Nea Ionia “Constantopouleion - Patission - Aghia Olga”, Athens –Greece., Avgoustou Constantinos , Jannussis Dimitrios ,   General Surgeon-Senior Registrar, Hellenic National Emergency Aid Center (Flight Doctor), MSF Greece Volunteer Member, AthensGreece., Karapanagos Georgios ,   Public Health Data Analyst, MSF Greek Office, Athens-Greece
Published: November 2022

Tubercular disease is a global health problem, but it is more prevalent in developing countries. Emergency surgery for complicated abdominal tubercular disease in a war zone is challenging as the confirmation of definite diagnosis is difficult and delayed. We are presenting a case of abdominal tubercular disease complicated with peritonitis from intestinal perforation in a young female, diagnosed as acute surgical abdomen, and undergone emergent exploratory laparotomy at a “Médecins Sans Frontières” (MSF) Emergency Medical Unit in the war zone of Lankien-South Sudan. She was managed with abdominal washouts and intestinal stoma; diseased tissues and ascitic fluid were taken for histopathology and cultures. A Bogota Bag was used for abdominal closure. The patient was timely but empirically put on anti-tubercular therapy, and she was transferred to a primary hospital on the 20th postoperative day to continue her treatment. We were informed that her primary abdominal tuberculosis was confirmed by histopathology from intraoperatively obtained tissues and she was doing well during a three-month follow-up.
AMATEUR FISHING – COMMENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF ART. 7 INLAND FISHERIES ACT
Authors: Majewski Kamil , Majewska Patrycja
Published: November 2022

The Inland Fisheries Act mainly concerns the rules and conditions for the protection, breeding, breeding and catching of fish in surface inland waters, in waters in water facilities and in facilities intended for fish breeding or breeding, and the competence of public administration bodies, the manner of their conduct, and it also regulates the tasks and obligations of organizational units and persons related to the implementation of European regulations. One of the forms of the aforementioned fishing is its amateur cultivation according to the rules specified in the Act, including obtaining the appropriate permit. This article presents the results of the analysis of art. 7 of the Inland Fisheries Act, which concerns this form. The author formulates the view that this provision contains significant shortcomings and should be supplemented. So far, this issue has not been discussed in the literature. On the other hand, judicial decisions concern only selected aspects of this issue.
CAPACITY TO ACT PERSONALLY IN CIVIL PROCEEDINGS REGARDING A MOTION TO RECUSE A JUDGE BEING CONSIDERED BY THE SUPREME COURT
Authors: Skawiński Franciszek
Published: November 2022

The article is focused on the capacity to act personally, especially the scope of application of obligatory representation by an attorney, regarding a motion to recuse a judge being considered by the Supreme Court. Practical doubts arise especially in cases where such motion is being considered by the Supreme Court, because the court considering the case cannot consider said motion due to lack of suitable judges. In the article a critical analysis of case law and views of legal scholars, as well as the text of statues, was undertaken, including the constitutional right of access to court. The considerations conducted allowed to determine the scope of the mandatory representation by an attorney and create the concept of primary and substitutionary jurisdiction. Eventually it was determined that mandatory representation by an attorney applies in cases with primary jurisdiction and does not apply in cases with substitutionary jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. The results of the analysis might be useful in the process of lodging and considering a motion to recuse a judge.
Boron fertilization and crop production in India: A review
Authors: SINGH PRATIBHA , DWIVEDI MANEESH , SRIVASTAVA P C , PACHAURI S P , SHUKLA A K , SINGH A P
Published: November 2022

Boron (B) is an essential nutrient for normal growth of higher plants, and B availability in soil and irrigation water is an important factor of agricultural production. Boron deficiency is now becoming very common in many states of India. In the previous years, various studies have been conducted on boron, viz. factors affecting B availability to plants, its function in plant, B response in various crops, etc. The aim of the present review is to provide an update on recent findings related to these topics, which can contribute to a better understanding of B fertilization and the role of B in plants.
Appraisal of crop production in agri-horti-silvicultural system under aridirrigated conditions of Punjab
Authors: BRAR J S , GUPTA NAVJOT , KAUR KIRANDEEP , KAUR GAGANDEEP , MANHAS S S
Published: November 2022

In agri-horti-silvicultural model, the growth, yield and economic appraisal of intercropping of moong-chickpea rotation and turmeric was studied during 2014-18 under arid-irrigated conditions of Punjab. The model comprising one silvicultural crop (poplar), fruit crops (peach, plum, guava and citrus) and agronomic crops (moong-chickpea rotation and turmeric) were evaluated in different combinations. The moong- chickpea rotation and turmeric were also cultivated as sole crops for comparative analysis. The results revealed that the yield of all agronomic crops was the maximum under sole cropping leading to B:C ratio of 2.30 and 2.39 in moong-chickpea rotation and turmeric respectively followed by intercropping in poplar. Among different agri-silvi-horti combinations, the B:C ratio in system including deciduous fruit plants such as peach and plum was better as compared to evergreen fruit plants of guava and citrus. Cultivation of turmeric under different combinations was more beneficial than moong-chickpea crop rotation. Thus, it was concluded that during pre-bearing phase of fruit plants and before economic growth of poplar, the cultivation of turmeric is more profitable in agri-horti-silvicultural model. This model has potential for higher productivity of different crops in addition to natural resource conservation, efficient use of land and other resources.
Multiple plant regeneration from matricular substance released from explants of Citrus jambhiri
Authors: MANCHANDA POOJA , KALIA ANU , SIDHU GURUPKAR S , RATTANPAL H S , KAUR KULJOT , KAUR SIMRANJEET
Published: November 2022

Comparative performance of epicotyl-, hypocotyl-, and cotyledonary (Cot) explants for direct organogenesis was evaluated with best response on BAP (3.5 mg/l) + NAA (0.5 mg/l) supplemented MS medium for Cot explants. This differential behaviour can be attributed to diversity and concentration of phytohormone(s), signal phenolics and other compounds. This study identifies the spatio-specific variabilities of these compounds leading to emergence of multiple shoots from explant’s injured regions indicated by formation of foamy-white exudate, ‘matrix’. Topographically, matrix appeared amorphous containing granulation. Further, FT-IR spectra indicated possible presence of woundinduced sugars and phytohormones. Likewise, LC-MS study revealed presence of diverse sugars, phytohormone (PH)/ PH-like and signal compounds. This study illustrates possible interactive roles played by spatial co-localization of these compounds at wounded cut ends of explants for multiple in vitro shoot organogenesis. This study put-forth a novel concept of localized occurrence of multiple primary and secondary metabolites at cut/wounded ends of citrus explants which led to emergence of multiple shoots. These results are promising and could serve the basis for further investigations on various other citrus species for diversity and quantity of various metabolites during in vitro cultivation.
Relationship between nutrient and soil loss with respect to land configuration and mulches in ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Authors: CHOUDHARY V K
Published: November 2022

Change in topography and retention of indigenously available biomass as mulch conserves the resources at the site. In high rainfall areas and hilly tract, soil and nutrient loss has paramount importance as these resources directly contribute to the crop yield. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is sensitive to soil and nutrient losses. The present study was conducted during 2011–12 and 2012–13 with three land configurations, viz. broad bed and furrow (BBF), ridge and furrow (R&F) and flatbed (FB) in main plots and four mulches, viz. Imperata cylendrica (IC), pine needle (PN), paddy straw followed by weed biomass (PS) along with no mulch (NM) in sub-plots and replicated thrice in ginger. The adoption of BBF considerably lowered the soil loss by 74.2% resulting in restoration of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) to the tune of 49.7%, 59.3% and 69.1%, respectively, over FB plots. Similarly, placement of PN significantly reduced the soil loss by 92% and saved a considerable amount of N (49.9%), P (49.4%) and K (58.2%) over NM. In the hilly area, leftover crop residues, abundant weed biomass and ample tree leaf litter fall are not utilized commercially; these materials along with alteration in topography can be potentially utilized for the restoration of soil and nutrient for sustainable ginger production.
Wall bound phenolics and total antioxidants in stored seeds of soybean (Glycine max) genotypes
Authors: KUMAR S P JEEVAN , KUMAR ASHUTOSH , V RAMESH K , SINGH CHANDU , AGARWAL DINESH K , PAL GOVIND , KUCHLAN MRINAL K , SINGH RAJIV
Published: November 2022

Quality seed is the most important input for sustainable agricultural productivity. Recent studies highlight the role of antioxidants in scavenging the reactive oxygen species, which is an indicator for quality seed. In natural ageing conditions, reactive oxygen species accumulates in the seeds that lead to seed deterioration. Wall bound phenolics in seed coat are potential antioxidants that encounter the reactive oxygen species. Four soybean genotypes with different seed coat wall bound phenolics were studied in 2018 at ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science and found that the black coat seed such as kalitur and JS76-205 showed highest phenolic content (117.00 and 128.50 μg/mL) and antioxidant activity of 51.38 and 46.07 μg eq. ascorbic acid, respectively. On contrary, the harasoya (green coated seed) resulted lowest phenolic content 14.30 μg/mL, while in RAUS-05 (white coated seed) the antioxidant activity is 2.58 μg eq. ascorbic acid, which is significantly lower than the other genotypes. Further, the genotypes were evaluated for the seed quality parameters and observed that kalitur and JS76-205 showed higher germination percentage (80%) and vigor indices I (900.33) and II (35.01) than the other genotypes. These results substantiate the hypothesis that the seed coat wall bound phenolics with antioxidant properties could alleviate the reactive oxygen species, protects from mechanical and chemical damage and helps in enhancement of seed quality parameters.
Aerial robot for smart farming and enhancing farmers' net benefit
Authors: SINHA J P
Published: November 2022

The knitting of information and modern electronic technology with agricultural production system to determine, analyze and manage the critical temporal and spatial factors of farm for maximizing profitability, sustainability and environmental protection is need of hour. In this context, robot (Arial, Ground and Under-water) can play an important role. Aerial Robot is also commonly known as Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) or Drone. It may be boon for management of agricultural production as it can focus on small crop fields at lower flight altitudes than other regular aerial vehicle to perform site-specific farm management operation with higher precision. It can also address adverse crop and land prerequisites, where use of conventional machines is challenging, e.g. spraying under wet paddy field, tall crop sugarcane, pigeonpea etc. Embedding the available technologies and methods for meeting functional, operational and structural requisite, specifically for the crop and land environment with Arial Robot is of utmost importance. On the basis of system range, accuracy, resolution, and precision, sensitivity, linearity, offset, hysteresis and response time of different sensing and control technologies, e.g. optical, near infrared, thermal multi-spectral, hyper-spectral, Light Detection and Ranging, radio frequency and sonar .This paper presents an overview of research involving the development of UAV technology for agricultural production management. Technologies, systems and methods are analyzed for in situ integration under Indian farm conditions. The limitations of current Arial Robot for agricultural production management are deliberated, moreover forthcoming needs and suggestions for development and application of the technology in agricultural production management are projected.
Cold tolerance of some Iranian wild grape (V. vinifera ssp sylvestris) genotypes
Authors: Baneh Hamed Doulati , Aslanpour Mohammad
Published: November 2022

All grape cultivars belong to Vinifera species are cold sensitive and (depend on cultivar) can be damaged by the temperature around -15 to -20°C. In this research, the cold tolerance of some Iranian wild grape (Vitis vinifera ssp sylvestris) genotypes was evaluated. After the leaf fall the 4 bud cuttings were prepared from the growing vines in Kahriz Horticultural Research Center in Urmia and then treated with freezing temperatures (-15, -18, -21, -23 and 4°C as a control) in a cold chamber. The percentage of burst buds in greenhouse condition and the percentage of died primary and secondary buds of each genotype in chilling temperature were measured. Electrical conductivity (EC) of buds and cane tissue was also measured. With decreasing temperature, the rate of primary and secondary bud injury increased and there was a significant difference in cold tolerance among tested genotypes. Approximately all Iranian wild grape genotypes were sensitive to cold stress above -15°C but among them, there were moderate cold tolerant genotypes too. H6 and H4 interspecies hybrids with Labrusca species showed higher cold tolerance compared to wild grape genotypes. These results will be valuable for selection of cold tolerance germplasm to use for cold tolerance breeding.
Improving salt tolerance and yield by Mn supplementation in Vigna radiata
Authors: SHAHI SWATI , KUMAR RAJNISH , SRIVASTAVA MALVIKA
Published: November 2022

The present study was carried out in the year 2016-17 to understand the effects of salinity stress on relative water content (RWC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, proline content, reducing sugar content and yield attributes in Vigna radiata and role of foliar application of manganese in improving salinity tolerance. Plants were subjected to varying levels of NaCl induced salinity (0, 100, 200 and 300 mM). The plant samples were analyzed from 25 days to 65 days of plant growth at every 10-day interval. Yield attributes were recorded at 85 days. Results revealed that there was a slight increase in RWC, SOD activity and yield attributes at 100 mM NaCl concentration as compared to control plants, whereas, an abrupt decrease was recorded at higher salt regimes (i.e. 200 and 300 mM NaCl). However, increase in salinity resulted in increased proline and total reducing sugar contents. The foliar application with Mn (0.15%) ameliorated the negative effects of high salinity and increased the yield. Hence, it was concluded that foliar application of Mn may alleviate the adverse effects of excess salinity on Vigna radiata plants.
Effect of organic and inorganic nutrients on pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)- gobhi sarson (Brassica napus var. napus) cropping sequence
Authors: SINGH BRINDER , KUMAR ANIL , GUPTA VIKAS , ABROL VIKAS , SINGH A P , KUMAR JAI , SINGH MAHENDER , DADHICH HEMANT , SINGH PERMENDRA
Published: November 2022

A pronounced residual effect of organic and inorganic nutrients, applied in pearl millet crop was observed on yields of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R Br]-gobhi sarson (Brassica napus L. var napus) cropping system. The experiment was conducted (by way of inorganic and organic sources combinations) with 8 treatments of FYM, vermicompost, inorganic N and control. The highest growth, yield and yield parameters of pearl millet crop were recorded with 100% recommended fertilizer dose-RFD and the grain yield (2899 kg/ha) was about 85.2% higher over the control and was followed by statistically similar treatment 75% N inorganic + 25% VC with the grain yield value of 2703 kg/ha. In case of gobhi sarson, the highest grain yield (855 kg/ha) was observed owing to residual effect of 100% N through vermicompost (VC) applied in preceding pearl millet crop, which was about 82.3% higher over the control. The treatments where 50% N was substituted by FYM and VC in pearl millet crop had the statistically similar grain yield values of gobhi sarson. The highest rain water use efficiency (RWUE) and heat-use efficiency (HUE) was recorded in treatment 100% RFD in pearl millet crop and 100% N through VC in gobhi sarson.
Efficacy of fungicides and plant extracts against Alternaria alternata causing leaf blight of chandrasur (Lepidium sativum)
Authors: MEENA RAM PRASNNA , SARAN PARMESHWAR L , KALARIYA KULDEEPSINGH A , MANIVEL P
Published: November 2022

Alternaria species are causing diseases over broad range of agro-horticultural important crops with economic impact. The present experiment was conducted on leaf blight disease of chandrasur (Lepidium sativum) and the pathogen identified as Alternaria alternata. The fungus produces profuse dark brown to blackish mycelium on potato dextrose agar and transverse as well as longitudinal septate conidia. Attempts were also made to investigate the suppressive potential of fungicides and plant extracts. In vitro evaluation of fungicides, viz. Mancozeb, Metalaxyl- MZ, Copper oxy-chloride, Copper hydroxyl- chloride, Carbendazim, Azoxystrobin, Tebuconazol, Nativo and leaf extracts of A.indica, P. pinnata and M. alliacea was performed following the â€œpoisoned food techniqueâ€. Among the tested fungicides Tebuconazole + Trifloxystrobin and Tebuconazol (0.1%) were found most effective to inhibit the mycelium growth up to 89% and neem leaf extract (5.00%) was quite superior over the other plant extracts. Assessment of infected seed samples registered 17.40% and 42.00% reduction in oil content and seed weight, respectively, under the severe epiphytotics.
Gene expression studies in bacterial leaf blight resistant and susceptible rice (Oryza sativa) lines
Authors: PRAVEEN N M , RAMANATHAN A , BHARANIDEEPAN A , MANASA R , MONISHA S , NAKKEERAN S , KUMARAVADIVEL N
Published: November 2022

Bacterial leaf blight of rice is a major constraint in tumbling productivity of the crop which shows the precarious nature of the disease. Host resistance is an effective strategy for the management of bacterial leaf blight disease over the cultural, chemical and biological management methods. Glass house and field studies were performed during 2017–19 at Paddy Breeding Station, TNAU, Coimbatore and also the molecular laboratory facility at Department of Plant Pathology was utilized. The objective of the study was to perform gene expression studies resistance genes (Xa21, xa5, xa13 genes) and defense genes (LOX and PAL) in bacterial leaf blight resistance (IRBB 60) and susceptible rice line (TN1) after application of Xanthomonas oryzae. pv. oryzae and/or riboflavin. Genotyping of IRBB 60 which showed lowest lesion length validated the presence of Xa21, xa5 and xa13 resistance genes using corresponding gene specific primers. Application of riboflavin (0.5mM) along with the Xanthomonas oryzae. pv. oryzae suspension resulted in the highest expression level of these R genes and defense genes except xa13 gene which showed its highest expression level with the inoculation of Xoo alone. Expression of Xa13 gene was meagre with the treatment of riboflavin where rest of the gene expression was noticeably enhanced when compared to the control. In brief, study performed showed that application of abiotic agent (Riboflavin) enhanced the gene expression of both the resistance and defense gene in rice line when compared to the susceptible variety.
Effect of boron on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) productivity and grain composition under sulphate dominated saline conditions
Authors: SINGH KULDEEP , RAMPRAKASH RAMPRAKASH , SANGWAN ANURAG , YADAV ARVIND , CHAUDHARY KAUTILYA
Published: November 2022

The present study was carried out at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India in 2015– 16 to examine the response of Boron applications to sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under sulphate dominated salinity with four salinity (EC) levels (Control, 4, 8 and 12 dS/m) and five Boron levels (Control, 1, 3, 6, 12 mg/kg). The per cent decrease in germination with increasing levels of salinity at high boron level was 1.87, 2.74 and 13.21, respectively, as compared to the control. The per cent reduction in seed yield of sunflower as compared to control was 7.35, 24.80 and 52.06% at salinity levels of 4, 8 and 12 dS/m at 12 mg/kg boron level, respectively. Similarly increase in Boron levels significantly reduced the seed yield of sunflower. Maximum oil content (40.93%) was observed in control while minimum oil content (34.40%) was observed at high salinity and boron level. Salinity stress at 12 dS/m reduced protein content 13.53% as compared to control conditions. Protein content was decreased significantly at 6 and 12 mg/kg. The salinity and boron have detrimental effects on germination, seed yield, protein content and oil content of sunflower. The concentration of ions (Ca2+, Na+, SO42- and C1-) in sunflower seed was higher in saline condition. Boron levels increased the concentration of Ca2+, Na+ and C1- in sunflower seed under sulphate dominated salinity which furthers reduced plant survival and negates the productivity.
Book Review: Maurizio Ferraris – Post-Coronial Studies – Seicento sfumature di virus [Post-Coronial Studies – 600 shades of virus], 2021, Giulio Enaudi Editore S.p.A., Turin, Italy
Authors: Guadagnin Erika
Published: November 2022

The proposed book tries to map, from a philosophical point of view, a new phenomenon that developed in the pandemic years under the title of Post-Colonial Studies – 600 shades of virus. The author innovates conceptually by proposing the term post-coronial studies, in which he subsumes a series of theoretical and reflective analyses of how the threat of the Covid-19 virus has changed social thinking and human life forever. Ferraris distinguishes between the term “post-colonial studies” (he associates it with a closed historical stage, in which humanity has victimized itself sufficiently for its decisions) and “postcolonial studies”, in which, in essence, it aims to analyse behaviours and logical strings that have brought a change of paradigms in our lives, from the approach of technology, to the ecological impact, to progress, all in an innovative key and marked by the hope for a prosperous future.
The Perception Of Romanian Students Regarding The Corporate Social Responsibility Practices Identified In The Tertiary-Level Education Sector
Authors: Modreanu Andra , Andrișan Gabriela
Published: November 2022

Due to the ascending responsible trends, companies, institutions and even individuals have the opportunity, nowadays, to reconceive their practices and, therefore, contribute to the development of collective wellbeing. In this regard, corporate social responsibility may be perceived as an appropriate instrument. Corporate social responsibility extends beyond traditional business practices by establishing a positive behavior based on ethical, legal, and philanthropic principles, willingness to educate individuals, to support and sustain the environment, society and future generations. Universities and businesses alike should be able to provide coherent explanations to the emerging realities of the environment and society. The higher-level educational institutions’ primary function is to consider and fulfill the expectations of the society in which it operates. Hence, forming professionals in a responsible manner has to become one of the main objectives of the academic environment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the social responsibility of a reputable university located in Bucharest, from a legitimate stakeholder perspective, respectively, the student. Hence, a quantitative approach, namely a questionnaire, has been used in order to collect primary data. Findings reveal that an effort has been made in the Romanian academic context to promote and encourage responsible practices.
E-Learning, Moving From The Past To The Future
Authors: Tănase Alina , Ilie Georgiana Florina
Published: November 2022

With efficient and useful access, the notion of e-learning presents the newest teaching methods. Starting from the past of the notion of teaching and looking towards the future of e-learning, we will observe attributes that are available from the teacher and the student. Today’s new technologies are the result of the evolution of learning methods, pedagogy, and people who are involved and eager to develop. The field of education is a sensitive point and within organizations, the need for learning, and continuous improvement, shows the fact that IT resources are used permanently. The use of the computer system in terms of the e-learning part offers sustainability, accessibility from any place, mobility, transparency, and professional learning. The pandemic period has put both the education system and public institutions in Romania in difficulty, many people have switched from the face-to-face working mode to the online environment with different connection platforms, something that has put this technology in the first place.
The Role Of Individual Study In Professional Training In Higher Education In The Context Of Online Education
Authors: Gonța Iulia , Lefterie Alexandru-Iulian
Published: November 2022

The fast pace of change, has generated a new format of education, adjusted to the new realities and the online regime. In this context, we set out to investigate the professional training of university students and to discover new ways of completing higher education degrees. In order to better understand the specifics of online education, we asked students (N = 334) from the University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest to express their opinion on the importance of the skills acquired from university for their professional career and individual study methods that can improve and complete university studies. During the research, we applied a questionnaire and conducted interviews with students, in the period of time spanning from March to June 2021. Our analysis led us to the following finding: in the context of online learning, students must, on the one hand, have access to high quality university education, relevant to life, social integration and their affirmation on the labor market, and on the other hand, to and discover their potential and professional niche, which should be developed through individual study.
Book Review: Joanna Page – “Art and environmental change: beyond apocalypse”, pp. 87-110 – taken from the book “Decolonizing Science in Latin American Art”, London, University College London, 2021.
Authors: Bîrlădeanu Rafaela
Published: November 2022

Joanna Page’s book addresses issues of the link between science and art and actions that can be taken to slow global warming. The study Art and Environmental Change: Beyond the Apocalypse is a stand-alone chapter that aims to highlight a range of ways in which artists communicate the existential risks of which we are increasingly aware of. The visual corpus combines artistic ingenuity with technology that can help combating natural disasters through various interventions or video installations located in remote places that aim to project an environment where humanity is marginalised, sending an alarm signal that is difficult to ignore. [...]