bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is sleep affected after microgravity and hypergravity exposure? A pilot study
Authors: Le Roy Barbara , Jouvencel Aurore , Friedl‐Werner Anika , Renel Ludmila , Cherchali Youcef , Osseiran Raouf , Sanz‐Arigita Ernesto , Cazalets Jean‐René , Guillaud Etienne , Altena Ellemarije
Published: June 2024

Sleep is known to be affected in space travel and in residents of the international space station. But little is known about the direct effects of gravity changes on sleep, if other factors, such as sleep conditions, are kept constant. Here, as a first exploration, we investigated sleep before and after exposure to short bouts of microgravity and hypergravity during parabolic flights. Sleep was measured through actigraphy and self‐report questionnaires in 20 healthy men and women before and after parabolic flight. Higher sleep fragmentation and more awakenings were found in the night after the flight as compared with the night before, which was discrepant from participants' reports showing better and longer sleep after the parabolic flight. Variable levels of experience with parabolic flights did not affect the results, nor did levels of scopolamine, a medication typically taken against motion sickness. Pre‐existing sleep problems were related to sleep fragmentation and wake after sleep onset by a quadratic function such that participants with more sleep problems showed lower levels of sleep fragmentation and nighttime awakenings than those with few sleep problems. These novel findings, though preliminary, have important implications for future research, directed at prevention and treatment of sleep problems and their daytime consequences in situations of altered gravity, and possibly in the context of other daytime vestibular challenges as well.
Insights into degradation and targeting of the photoreceptor channelrhodopsin‐1
Authors: Wolfram Michaela , Greif Arne , Baidukova Olga , Voll Hildegard , Tauber Sandra , Lindacher Jana , Hegemann Peter , Kreimer Georg
Published: June 2024

In Chlamydomonas, the directly light‐gated, plasma membrane‐localized cation channels channelrhodopsins ChR1 and ChR2 are the primary photoreceptors for phototaxis. Their targeting and abundance is essential for optimal movement responses. However, our knowledge how Chlamydomonas achieves this is still at its infancy. Here we show that ChR1 internalization occurs via light‐stimulated endocytosis. Prior or during endocytosis ChR1 is modified and forms high molecular mass complexes. These are the solely detectable ChR1 forms in extracellular vesicles and their abundance therein dynamically changes upon illumination. The ChR1‐containing extracellular vesicles are secreted via the plasma membrane and/or the ciliary base. In line with this, ciliogenesis mutants exhibit increased ChR1 degradation rates. Further, we establish involvement of the cysteine protease CEP1, a member of the papain‐type C1A subfamily. ΔCEP1‐knockout strains lack light‐induced ChR1 degradation, whereas ChR2 degradation was unaffected. Low light stimulates CEP1 expression, which is regulated via phototropin, a SPA1 E3 ubiquitin ligase and cyclic AMP. Further, mutant and inhibitor analyses revealed involvement of the small GTPase ARL11 and SUMOylation in ChR1 targeting to the eyespot and cilia. Our study thus defines the degradation pathway of this central photoreceptor of Chlamydomonas and identifies novel elements involved in its homoeostasis and targeting.
Virtue and its moral psychology
Authors: Sreenivasan Gopal
Published: June 2024

Emotion and virtue (2020) defends positions about virtue on two adjacent expanses of philosophical terrain. One is a matter of moral psychology, while the other concerns the theory of virtue. My primary thesis identifies a central role for emotion in the psychological constitution of exemplars of virtue. In this symposium, four outstanding commentators take turns examining some of the theses defended in the book. Roger Crisp and Julia Driver both seek to rehabilitate ‘black box’ theories of virtue, which marginalise the role of emotion. Black box theories are my opponents in moral psychology. Marco Rossi focuses on a core component of my defence, arguing that my distillation of existing theories of emotion is more controversial than I suppose. Finally, Justin D’Arms diagnoses a tension between two Aristotelian ideas he finds at work in my defence. While he is attracted to both ideas, he thinks the tension between them is problematic for my fundamental claim about the role of emotion in virtue. It is a real privilege to have been offered such a rich set of comments to engage.
Revealing the ESIPT process in benzoxazole fluorophores within polymeric matrices through theory and experiment
Authors: Duarte Luís Gustavo Teixeira Alves , Moraes Emmanuel Santos , Wakabayashi Priscila Sayoko Silva , da Luz Lilian Camargo , Cercená Rodrigo , Zapp Eduardo , Atvars Teresa Dib Zambon , Dal‐Bó Alexandre Gonçalves , Rodembusch Fabiano Severo
Published: June 2024

The impact of the polymeric matrix on the photophysical characteristics of monomeric dyes responsive to excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) was investigated through UV–Vis absorption as well as steady‐state and time‐resolved emission spectroscopies. For this purpose, two benzoxazole monomers (M1 and M2) with acryloyl groups at different positions in their molecular structures were employed to facilitate covalent bonding within a styrene chain. Our findings reveal significant variations in their excited‐state properties due to the proximity of the acryloyl groups, which affects the energy barrier of the ESIPT reaction, the emission wavelength, and the balance between the normal and tautomeric forms. The experimental results were corroborated through theoretical investigations at the DFT/TDDFT level, specifically using the B3LYP‐D3/def2‐TZVP methodology. Three notable observations emerged: donor/acceptor groups at the meta/para positions induced electron distribution changes, causing red‐shifted emission for M2; in the polymer film, particularly in PM1, intramolecular hydrogen bond deactivation favored N* emission over T* emission; and the zwitterionic character of the T* species. This study underscores the advantages of functionalization in polymers, which can lead to colorless films and prevalent N* or T* emission, and contributes valuable insights into molecular design strategies for tailoring the photophysical properties of polymeric materials.
The use of patient‐related outcomes (PRO) and experience (PRE) in assessing the periodontal and implant patient
Authors: Arunyanak Sirikarn P. , Kungsadalpipob Kajorn , Wright Kyle E. , Subbalekha Keskanya , Dragan Irina , Mattheos Nikos
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this review was to summarize the evidence with regard to behavioral and psychosocial assessment of the periodontitis patient, the candidate for implant therapy, and the peri‐implantitis patient. Periodontitis has an adverse effect on quality of life and its treatment can lead to significant improvements experienced by the patient. The latter is true for rehabilitation with dental implants, although patients harbor diverse expectations and perceptions of implant therapy, which can often interfere with satisfaction and/or influence long‐term success. A thorough behavioral assessment of the candidate for implant therapy is essential, which should include, perceptions, expectations, as well as risk for behavioral disorders. Remedial action is essential to correct misperceptions and any identified risks. Finally, patients have limited awareness of limited ability to identify signs of peri‐implantitis. The diagnosis of peri‐implantitis can be a cause of significant distress, resentment, and loss of trust to the treatment and the caregivers. Despite documented value in clinical research, currently available instruments assessing patient‐reported outcomes have little application in day‐to‐day clinical practice. Face‐to‐face patient to doctor open‐ended communication remains the most effective way to comprehensively establish the long‐term “therapeutic alliance” essential for the long journey for the periodontitis patient.
Isolated periodic traveling waves of some reaction convection diffusion equations
Authors: Patra Krishna , Rao Ch. Srinivasa
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we discuss the existence and uniqueness of isolated periodic traveling wave solutions of a family of nonlinear reaction–convection–diffusion equations using the monotonicity of the ratio of Abelian integrals. A numerical study is also presented.
Influence of Temperature on the Rheological Properties of Selected Mango Products with ‘Saba’ Banana (Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana BBB Group) Peel Pectin
Authors: T. Coloma Mary Jane , T. Castillo-Israel Katherine Ann , V. Gaban Prince Joseph , R. Ilano Ma. Cristina , Rivadeneira Joel Padilla
Published: June 2024

Saba banana peel pectin (BPP) was applied to mango jelly and mango juice. The rheological characteristics (flow curve, viscosity curve) of mango products at different temperatures (15°C, 25°C, 35°C, 45°C and 55°C) were then evaluated. The rheological data were fitted using the Hershel-Buckley model and the yield stress, consistency index, and flow behavior were identified. Values obtained from BPP mango products were compared to those with commercial low methoxyl pectin (LMP) and high methoxyl pectin (HMP). Results showed that all types of pectin resulted in non-Newtonian mango jelly and mango juice at all temperatures. For both mango jelly and mango juice, the yield stress contributed by BPP was similar to that of HMP. For the consistency, BPP and LMP had same effects on mango jelly while BPP and HMP had the same effects on mango juice at lower temperatures. For the flow behavior, BPP and HMP showed shear thinning effects for most of the temperatures tested.
Fluorine-free Superhydrophobic Stearic Acid Modified Kaolin Nanoparticles for Self-cleaning Silicone Rubber Surface
Authors: Aminuddinan Khoirussolih , Ijaman Nor Aini , Abdul Khalil Ahmad Faez , Abd Aziz Mohd Haiqal , A Razak Aliff Hisyam , Adam Mohd Ridhwan
Published: June 2024

This study introduces fluorine-free nanoparticles to innovate superhydrophobic surfaces for self-cleaning applications, addressing environmental concerns linked to fluorine-based compounds. The method involves modifying kaolin nanoparticles with stearic acid and integrating them into silicone. The surface of stearic acid-kaolin nanoparticles exhibits a contact angle of 149.4° ± 3.3, while the resulting composite film exhibits a contact angle of 113.9° ± 5.8. The surface roughness of the silicone rubber surfaces increases proportionally with higher concentrations of stearic acid-modified kaolin nanoparticles. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis demonstrates the successful coverage of kaolin nanoparticles-stearic acid on resulting film. Self-cleaning performance is evaluated by simulating the deposition of graphite powder onto the surfaces and subsequently observing the behaviour when water is dropped on them revealing their remarkable self-cleaning properties.
A Case Study on the Application of New Media Technology and Market Expansion of Rural Enterprises in Central China
Authors: Liu Meng , Wan Abas Wan Antia Binti , Mamat Roslina
Published: June 2024

New media has become a critical marketing method in modern times and plays a vital role in rural China's market expansion and development. Currently, the sales of agricultural products by Chinese rural enterprises have become an indispensable part of agricultural product marketing. In the face of fierce market competition, these companies must focus on building agricultural product brands to enhance market competitiveness continuously. However, under the influence of traditional economic concepts and production models, enterprises in some rural areas of China still need to understand brand building, which limits the effective use of new media and results in certain constraints on marketing agricultural products. Therefore, this article aims to conduct an in-depth study of how rural enterprises use new media technology to highlight their products' unique features and advantages by formulating effective marketing promotion strategies.In the face of fierce market competition, rural enterprises need to use creative marketing methods to increase the visibility and recognition of their products. To this end, researchers have proposed marketing promotion strategies through new media technology. In the process of brand building, this article emphasizes the combination of product characteristics and local culture to ensure that the brand image is more in line with the tastes and needs of local consumers. Through innovative designs of brand logos, slogans, etc., rural enterprises are expected to stand out in the market and enhance their competitiveness in new media marketing. Ultimately, this article aims to provide compelling new media marketing strategies for rural enterprises to promote the upgrade of their brand image and improve the market competitiveness of agricultural product sales.
Systematic Literature Review on Public Engagement via Government Social Media during the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Guo Jingjing , Wirza Mohd Zawawi Julia , Kamarudin Syafila
Published: June 2024

Public engagement on government social media platforms can boost public trust in government while also improving and speeding up the distribution of health information. The importance of public engagement and its widespread existence have promoted extensive academic research on this channel. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to identify and bridge gaps in theories and conceptual frameworks in studies of public engagement via government social media. Furthermore, the objective of this research is to establish a comprehensive framework for analyzing how the public's engagement on government social media during the COVID-19 pandemic is affected by elements including information quality, source credibility, social media characteristics, and personal trust. The PRISMA method is used to review publications from 2019. After an extensive systematic review procedure that involved searching for relevant publications and utilizing inclusion and exclusion criteria to retrieve those that met the study's purpose, 32 papers were finally selected from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. Finally, this study's findings shed light on the interactions between the public and the government during COVID-19 and offer recommendations for further research on public engagement, including more diverse social media types, the expansion of public engagement forms on social media, and the adoption of different theory or model. This study provides more evidence for research on public online engagement and offers some practical implications for effective communication between governments and the public.
Case Study on Different Types of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Communication on Social Media and Brand Loyalty: The Mediating Role of Brand Identification in the Dairy Industry of China
Authors: Duan Yunyun , Hasan Nurul Ain Mohd , Costa Feroz De , Zainudin Sharifah Sofiah Syed
Published: June 2024

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) communication on social media has become an important way for companies to attract and maintain customers. As a highly interactive communication channel, social media provides companies with opportunities to showcase their CSR initiatives and corporate values. However, different types of CSR communication often have different communication effects. This study reviews previous research on the relationship between CSR communication, brand identification and brand loyalty, highlighting the theoretical foundations and empirical research. After that, a survey research method was used to collect data through questionnaires, and the data were statistically analyzed using SEM-PLS to verify the existence and extent of the mediating role. The research findings indicate that both societal CSR communication and environmental CSR communication have direct and indirect effects on brand identification and brand loyalty, respectively. However, despite the direct positive correlation observed between customer-related CSR communication and brand loyalty, neither the direct relationship with brand identification nor the indirect relationship through brand identification to brand loyalty was supported. This study combines the relationships between different types of CSR communication in social media, brand identification and brand loyalty and focuses on the mediating role of brand identification. It can be devoted to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for companies to develop more targeted CSR communication strategies.
Spectral degradation and carrier sentences increase age-related temporal processing deficits in a cue-specific manner
Authors: Xie Zilong , Gaskins Casey R. , Tinnemore Anna R. , Shader Maureen J. , Gordon-Salant Sandra , Anderson Samira , Goupell Matthew J.
Published: June 2024

Advancing age is associated with decreased sensitivity to temporal cues in word segments, particularly when target words follow non-informative carrier sentences or are spectrally degraded (e.g., vocoded to simulate cochlear-implant stimulation). This study investigated whether age, carrier sentences, and spectral degradation interacted to cause undue difficulty in processing speech temporal cues. Younger and older adults with normal hearing performed phonemic categorization tasks on two continua: a Buy/Pie contrast with voice onset time changes for the word-initial stop and a Dish/Ditch contrast with silent interval changes preceding the word-final fricative. Target words were presented in isolation or after non-informative carrier sentences, and were unprocessed or degraded via sinewave vocoding (2, 4, and 8 channels). Older listeners exhibited reduced sensitivity to both temporal cues compared to younger listeners. For the Buy/Pie contrast, age, carrier sentence, and spectral degradation interacted such that the largest age effects were seen for unprocessed words in the carrier sentence condition. This pattern differed from the Dish/Ditch contrast, where reducing spectral resolution exaggerated age effects, but introducing carrier sentences largely left the patterns unchanged. These results suggest that certain temporal cues are particularly susceptible to aging when placed in sentences, likely contributing to the difficulties of older cochlear-implant users in everyday environments.
Structure of methylaluminoxane (MAO): Extractable [Al(CH
3
)
2
]
+
for precatalyst activation
Authors: Luo Lubin , Younker Jarod M. , Zabula Alexander V.
Published: June 2024

Methylaluminoxane (MAO) is used as a precatalyst activator for million ton–scale production of commercial polyolefins, but its precise structure and associated activation mechanisms have been a fundamental research puzzle for more than 40 years. We report here the crystallographic characterization of an active MAO component, which reveals a discrete two-dimensional sheet cluster [Al
33
O
26
(CH
3
)
47
][Al(CH
3
)
3
]
2
featuring two trimethylaluminum units, Al(CH
3
)
3
, coordinated to two unsaturated aluminum sites. Our structural data are consistent with the hypothesis that the active sites bear coordinated Al(CH
3
)
3
and provide [Al(CH
3
)
2
]
+
for precatalyst activation. Quantum chemical calculations revealed the most preferred sites for [Al(CH
3
)
2
]
+
abstraction (a change in Gibbs free energy of 0.0 kilocalories per mole). Olefin polymerization tests on metallocenes activated with the crystallized MAO show higher activities than with the commercial MAO.
Two teams supercharge gene spread in plants
Authors: Stokstad Erik
Published: June 2024

First synthetic “gene drive” for plants could help tame weeds—or transform them
Mexico’s incoming president gives science a big promotion
Authors: Ortega Rodrigo Pérez , Basilio Humberto
Published: June 2024

Researchers see creation of new high-level science secretariat as a “good sign”
Myriocin enhances the clearance of
M. tuberculosis
by macrophages through the activation of PLIN2
Authors: Zhang Ximeng , Ding Guanggui , Yang Xirui , Lu Hailin , Xu Yuzhong , Hu Yunlong , Liu Song , Zhang Huihua , Huang Kaisong , Deng Guofang , Ye Taosheng , Yu Qing , Cai Yi , Xie Shuixiang , Wang Wenfei , Chen Xinchun
Published: June 2024

Myriocin is an inhibitor of
de novo
synthesis of sphingolipids and ceramides. In this research, we showed myriocin could significantly reduce Mtb burden and histopathological inflammation in mice. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. RNA-seq analysis revealed a significant increase in gene expression of PLIN2/CD36/CERT1 after myriocin treatment. The reduced bactericidal burden was only reversed after silencing the lipid droplets (LDs) surface protein PLIN2. This suggests that myriocin enhances the ability of macrophages to clear Mtb depending on the PLIN2 gene, which is part of the PPARγ pathway. Indeed, we observed a significant increase in the number of LDs following myriocin treatment.

IMPORTANCE

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
has the ability to reprogram host cell lipid metabolism and alter the antimicrobial functions of infected macrophages. The sphingolipids, such as ceramides, are the primary host lipids utilized by the bacteria, making the sphingomyelinase/ceramide system critical in Mtb infections. Surprisingly, the antimicrobial effect of myriocin was found to be independent of its role in reducing ceramides, but instead, it depends on the lipid droplets surface protein PLIN2. Our findings provide a novel mechanism for how myriocin enhances Mtb clearance in macrophages.
Pulmonary renal syndrome secondary to malignant hypertension
Authors: Veeranki Yamini , Suresh Sandhya , Elumalai Ramprasad
Published: June 2024

A man in his early 30s presented with sudden-onset respiratory distress, haemoptysis and reduced urine output. He was in volume overload with a blood pressure recording of 240/180 mm Hg. Pulmonary renal syndrome was suspected and he was initiated on plasmapheresis, followed by steroid pulse therapy. Chest radiography and the presence of fragmented red cells on the peripheral smear were unexplained. These were later explained by hypertensive nephropathy and thrombotic microangiopathy changes on renal biopsy. His respiratory and haematological parameters improved with blood pressure control. Malignant hypertension closely resembles pulmonary renal syndrome, which must be remembered in order to avoid plasmapheresis and high-dose immunosuppressive therapy.
Utility of an online well-being assessment in targeting employee well-being programmes: a cross-sectional survey study in Finland
Authors: Kauppi Krista , Borg Patrik , Roos Eira , Torkki Paulus , Korpela Katri
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Occupational health challenges are changing, emphasising the need for a more comprehensive approach. This study examines how a subjective well-being assessment can be used to identify target groups for work well-being interventions and brings insight into how survey-based well-being evaluations are linked to clinical health indicators (ie, anthropometric measurements and blood tests).

Design

A cross-sectional survey study using results from the Virta1 randomised controlled trial and a third-party well-being questionnaire database.

Setting and participants

Online well-being survey data from 2990 respondents was used to identify target groups for work well-being interventions and clinical health indicator data from 713 respondents was used to examine how subjective evaluations are linked to physical health.

Results

We identified five groups of employees with different well-being challenges and presenteeism levels:Good well-being,Hard on oneself,Lifestyle challenges,Recovery challenges andMultiple challenges. The subjective evaluations correlated with clinical health indicators, showing that the well-being groups differed significantly in their average clinical health profiles. Especially people in theMultiple challengesgroup had multiple physical health challenges, while people in theGood well-beingandHard on oneselfgroups did not.

Conclusions

Our results show that a subjective well-being assessment can identify different groups with distinct characteristics and health risks and that subjective evaluations of well-being correlate strongly with physical health. Online well-being assessment offers potentially a cost-effective way for occupational health providers to screen large populations to target physical health examinations to groups that need them the most and simultaneously get a better understanding of their well-being needs.
Use of computer simulation to identify effects on hospital census with reduction of transfers for non-procedural patients in community hospitals
Authors: Walker Laura , Kohler Katharina , Jankowski Matthew , Huschka Todd
Published: June 2024

Objective

In-person healthcare delivery is rapidly changing with a shifting employment landscape and technological advances. Opportunities to care for patients in more efficient ways include leveraging technology and focusing on caring for patients in the right place at the right time. We aim to use computer modelling to understand the impact of interventions, such as virtual consultation, on hospital census for referring and referral centres if non-procedural patients are cared for locally rather than transferred.

Patients and methods

We created computer modelling based on 25 138 hospital transfers between June 2019 and June 2022 with patients originating at one of 17 community-based hospitals and a regional or academic referral centre receiving them. We identified patients that likely could have been cared for at a community facility, with attention to hospital internal medicine and cardiology patients. The model was run for 33 500 days.

Results

Approximately 121 beds/day were occupied by transferred patients at the academic centre, and on average, approximately 17 beds/day were used for hospital internal medicine and nine beds/day for non-procedural cardiology patients. Typical census for all internal medicine beds is approximately 175 and for cardiology is approximately 70.

Conclusion

Deferring transfers for patients in favour of local hospitalisation would increase the availability of beds for complex care at the referral centre. Potential downstream effects also include increased patient satisfaction due to proximity to home and viability of the local hospital system/economy, and decreased resource utilisation for transfer systems.
Adenosine-assisted embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bocanegra-Becerra Jhon E , Andreão Filipi Fim , Acha Sánchez José Luis , Punukollu Anuraag , Oliveira Leonardo B , Kuhar Krish , Rodrigues Peixoto Maria Eduarda , Pimenta Weba Elizabet Taylor , Alhwaishel Khaled , Ferreira Marcio Yuri , Bertani Raphael , Lopez-Gonzalez Miguel Angel
Published: June 2024

Background

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are complex lesions that can cause hemorrhagic stroke and significant neurological disability. Adenosine induces cardiac standstill and hypotension, which are thought to be useful during cerebral AVM embolization. Herein, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the technique’s safety.

Methods

Following PRISMA guidelines, four databases were queried for studies describing the use of adenosine-assisted embolization of cerebral AVMs. Adenosine-related intraoperative complications, permanent neurological outcomes, morbidity, and mortality assessed the technique’s safety. Single proportion analysis under a random-effects model was performed. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics, and publication bias was evaluated through funnel plot analysis and Egger’s regression test.

Results

Ten studies were included, involving 79 patients (55.7% male) with 79 AVMs (54.4% unruptured and 70.9% Spetzler–Martin grade III-V) who underwent 123 embolizations (80.4% and 5.9% under transarterial and transvenous approaches, respectively) with n-butyl cyanoacrylate (80.4%), ethylene vinyl alcohol (14.4%), or both (5.2%). The incidence of transient adenosine-related intraoperative complications was 0% (95% CI 0% to 3%, I2=24%). Besides, the incidence of adenosine-related morbidity, mortality, and permanent outcomes was 0% (95% CI 0% to 3%, I2=0%). During follow-up, good functional outcomes were reported for 64 patients (81%).

Conclusions

Adenosine’s effects on blood flow control can facilitate embolization and mitigate the risk of AVM rupture and embolic agent migration. Although current evidence stems from observational studies, the results of this meta-analysis suggest a safe drug profile due to minimal associated morbidity and mortality. Further research from larger randomized and controlled studies is warranted to attain a higher level of evidence.

PROSPERO registry number

CRD42023494116
The incidence of infratentorial arteriovenous malformation-associated aneurysms: an institutional case series and systematic literature review
Authors: Davison Mark , McCune Maximos , Thiyagarajah Nishanth , Kashkoush Ahmed , Achey Rebecca , Shost Michael , Toth Gabor , Bain Mark , Moore Nina
Published: June 2024

Background

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM)-associated aneurysms represent a high-risk feature predisposing them to rupture. Infratentorial AVMs have been shown to have a greater incidence of associated aneurysms, however the existing data is outdated and biased. The aim of our research was to compare the incidence of supratentorial vs infratentorial AVM-associated aneurysms.

Methods

Patients were identified from our institutional AVM registry, which includes all patients with an intracranial AVM diagnosis since 2000, regardless of treatment. Records were reviewed for clinical details, AVM characteristics, nidus location (supratentorial or infratentorial), and presence of associated aneurysms. Statistical comparisons were made using Fisher’s exact or Wilcoxon rank sum tests as appropriate. Multivariable logistic regression analysis determined independent predictors of AVM-associated aneurysms. As a secondary analysis, a systematic literature review was performed, where studies documenting the incidence of AVM-associated aneurysms stratified by location were of interest.

Results

From 2000–2024, 706 patients with 720 AVMs were identified, of which 152 (21.1%) were infratentorial. Intracranial hemorrhage was the most common AVM presentation (42.1%). The incidence of associated aneurysms was greater in infratentorial AVMs compared with supratentorial cases (45.4% vs 20.1%; P<0.0001). Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that infratentorial nidus location was the singular predictor of an associated aneurysm, odds ratio: 2.9 (P<0.0001). Systematic literature review identified eight studies satisfying inclusion criteria. Aggregate analysis indicated infratentorial AVMs were more likely to harbor an associated aneurysm (OR 1.7) and present as ruptured (OR 3.9), P<0.0001.

Conclusions

In this modern consecutive patient series, infratentorial nidus location was a significant predictor of an associated aneurysm and hemorrhagic presentation.
1DCAE-TSSAMC: Two-Stage Multi-Dimensional Spatial Features Based Multi-View Deep Clustering for Time Series Data
Authors: Chen Jianglong , Song Weiwei , Zuo Xiaoqing , Zhao Kang , Jin Baoxuan , Zhu Daming , Dai Bolan
Published: June 2024

At present, as a research hotspot for time series data (TSD), the deep clustering analysis of TSD has huge research value and practical significance. However, there still exist the following three problems: (1) For deep clustering based on joint optimization, the inevitably mutual interference existing between deep feature representation learning progress and clustering progress leads to difficult model training especially in the initial stage, the possible feature space distortion, inaccurate and weak feature representation; (2) Existing deep clustering methods are difficult to intuitively define the similarity of time series and rely heavily on complex feature extraction networks and clustering algorithms. (3) Multidimensional time series have the characteristics of high dimensions, complex relationships between dimensions, and variable data forms, thus generating a huge feature space. It is difficult for existing methods to select discriminative features, resulting in generally low accuracy of methods. Accordingly, to address the above three problems, we proposed a novel general two-stage multi-dimensional spatial features based multi-view deep clustering method 1DCAE-TSSAMC (One-dimensional deep convolutional auto-encoder based two-stage stepwise amplification multi-clustering). We conducted verification and analysis based on real-world important multi-scenario, and compared with many other benchmarks ranging from the most classic approaches such as K-means and Hierarchical to the state-of-the-art approaches based on deep learning such as Deep Temporal Clustering (DTC) and Temporal Clustering Network (TCN). Experimental results show that the new method outperforms the other benchmarks, and provides more accurate, richer, and more reliable analysis results, more importantly, with significant improvement in accuracy and spatial linear separability.
Posture Action Correction Method for Sports Dance Using Improved Deep Reinforcement Learning in IoT
Authors: Yang Yiming
Published: June 2024

To help Latin dancers feel the rhythm of the sports dance, it is necessary to standardize the posture action during basic training. Therefore, it is important to study the method of correcting Latin dance posture action. The traditional Latin dance posture correction methods have some problems, such as the included angle error of head motion, the angle error of spine transformation, the error of fit between foot and ground and so on. In this paper, a Latin dance posture correction method using improved deep reinforcement learning in the Internet of things (IoT) is proposed. First, the Latin dance posture image acquisition architecture is constructed using IoT and binocular stereo vision to acquire Latin dance posture images and extract Latin dance posture features. Second, the channel attention module in the deep learning network is improved, and the Latin dance posture diagnosis model is constructed based on the action feature extraction results using the improved deep robust chemical network. Finally, the action correction coefficients are calculated according to the Latin dance posture diagnosis results to realize the Latin dance posture correction. The results showed that after the application of the proposed correction method, including angle error of head movement, the spine transformation angle error and fit between foot and ground error of the participants’ motions were kept below 1[Formula: see text], and the frame position offset was 1.3[Formula: see text]cm. It indicates that the proposed method can effectively improve the degree of Latin dance posture specification.
Enhancing the understanding of abstract neurophysiology concepts by first-year students at the University of La Réunion
Authors: Essop M. Faadiel , Bourdon Emmanuel
Published: June 2024

First-year physiology students can find the subject challenging, struggling to understand abstract concepts without any context. To address this, we introduced a pedagogical intervention for first-year medical and health physiology students that aimed to link abstract concepts and a pathological disorder, together with a discussion of a specific therapeutic intervention. This pedagogical intervention was well received by first-year physiology students who better understood how basic nerve physiology concepts can be applied within the clinical setting.
Lifelong physiology of a former marathon world-record holder: the pros and cons of extreme cardiac remodeling
Authors: Foulkes Stephen J. , Haykowsky Mark J. , Kistler Peter M. , McConell Glenn K. , Trappe Scott , Hargreaves Mark , Costill David L. , La Gerche Andre
Published: June 2024

This life study of a 77-yr-old former world champion marathon runner exemplifies the impact of lifelong high-volume endurance exercise on functional capacity (V̇o2max equivalent to a 20- to 29-yr-old), partly due to extreme ventricular remodeling that facilitates a large cardiac output during exercise despite reduced maximal heart rate. Although it is possible that this extreme remodeling may contribute to developing atrial fibrillation, the net benefits of extreme exercise throughout this athlete’s lifespan favor increased health span and expected longevity.
Changes in the Proteome of the Circle of Willis during Aging Reveal Signatures of Vascular Disease
Authors: Subramanian Vikram , Juhr Denise , Johnson Lydia S. , Yem Justin B. , Giansanti Piero , Grumbach Isabella M.
Published: June 2024

Approximately 70% of all strokes occur in patients over 65 years old, and stroke increases the risk of developing dementia. The circle of Willis (CoW), the ring of arteries at the base of the brain, links the intracerebral arteries to one another to maintain adequate cerebral perfusion. The CoW proteome is affected in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, but changes related to aging have not been described. Here, we report on a quantitative proteomics analysis comparing the CoW from five young (2–3‐month‐old) and five aged male (18–20‐month‐old) mice using gene ontology (GO) enrichment, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA), and iPathwayGuide tools. This revealed 242 proteins that were significantly dysregulated with aging, among which 189 were upregulated and 53 downregulated. GO enrichment‐based analysis identified blood coagulation as the top biological function that changed with age and integrin binding and extracellular matrix constituents as the top molecular functions. Consistent with these findings, iPathwayGuide‐based impact analysis revealed associations between aging and the complement and coagulation, platelet activation, ECM–receptor interaction, and metabolic process pathways. Furthermore, IPA analysis revealed the enrichment of 97 canonical pathways that contribute to inflammatory responses, as well as 59 inflammation‐associated upstream regulators including 39 transcription factors and 20 cytokines. Thus, aging‐associated changes in the CoW proteome in male mice demonstrate increases in metabolic, thrombotic, and inflammatory processes.
Tpeak‐Tend ECG Marker in Obesity and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Dykiert Irena , Florek Kamila , Kraik Krzysztof , Gać Paweł , Poręba Rafał , Poręba Małgorzata
Published: June 2024

Globally, cardiovascular diseases are still the leading cause of death. Numerous methods are used to diagnose cardiovascular pathologies; there is still a place for straightforward and noninvasive techniques, such as electrocardiogram (ECG). Depolarization and repolarization parameters, including QT interval and its derivatives, are well studied. However, the Tpeak‐Tend interval is a novel and promising ECG marker with growing evidence for its potential role in predicting malignant arrhythmias. In this review, we discuss the association between the Tpeak‐Tend interval and several cardiovascular diseases, including long QT syndrome, cardiomyopathies, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and obesity, which constitutes one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
Experimental Investigation on Cyclic Performance of Rotation‐Based Metallic Damper
Authors: Li Qianqian , Wang Jianze , Li Tao , Pu Rui , Xu Jun , Dai Kaoshan
Published: June 2024

Metallic yielding devices have been widely used for improving seismic performance of buildings. However, metallic dampers currently in use are often attached to structural systems through brace components, potentially causing conflicts with architectural requirements. In this study, a metallic damper that utilizes the angular deformation generated at the beam‐column connection under lateral loads is proposed. The seismic input energy can be dissipated through inelastic deformations of hyperbolic‐shaped steel bars. Firstly, this paper introduces the configuration and design concept of the newly proposed rotation‐based metallic damper (RMD). Then, in order to investigate the hysteretic behavior and failure modes of the proposed devices, a total of twelve RMD specimens were fabricated, and quasistatic tests were conducted. Subsequently, the influences of physical characteristics associated with hyperbolic‐shaped steel bars on the energy dissipation performance of RMD were studied. Finally, finite element analysis was conducted based on the detailed models of RMD specimens, and the results showed a good agreement with the experimental data. The results demonstrate that the RMD exhibits a sound energy dissipation capacity. It is replaceable and flexible in architectural arrangements due to its low space requirements, which is friendly in engineering practice.
A Model for Predicting IoT User Behavior Based on Bayesian Learning and Neural Networks
Authors: Xu Xin , Huang Chengning , Zhu Yuquan
Published: June 2024

To facilitate the allocation of energy and resources in the Internet of Things system, this paper presents a model for predicting user behavior in Internet of Things environments. The model is based on Bayesian learning and neural networks and is designed to provide insights into the future behavior of users, allowing for the allocation of resources in advance. In this paper, the data are preprocessed by data merging and format processing, and then the association rules are mined by association rules analysis. Finally, the data are utilized to train the behavioral prediction model of the short‐duration memory network via Bayesian optimization. The experimental results showed that the average running time of the research model was 1.682 s, the average accuracy was 96.77%, the average root‐mean‐square error was 0.382, and the average absolute error was 0.315. The designed behavior prediction model is capable of effectively predicting the user behavior of the Internet of Things, thereby enabling the reasonable allocation of energy and resources in the Internet of Things system.
Experimental Protocol to Toxoplasma gondii Detection in Fresh Goat Milk
Authors: Arruda Igor Falco , Millar Patricia Riddell , Balaro Mário Felipe Alvarez , Bonifácio Thamires Francisco , Ramos Raissa Cristina Ferreira , Amendoeira Maria Regina Reis
Published: June 2024

Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite with global distribution capable of infecting homeothermic animals. Transmission of protozoan to humans includes ingestion of water and raw food contaminated with sporulated oocysts, ingestion of raw or undercooked meat with tissue cysts, and tachyzoites’ transplacental transmission. Fresh goat milk intake has already been linked to human toxoplasmosis outbreaks, but little is known about the infectious potential of this biological sample. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to assess the survival and infectivity of T. gondii tachyzoites in fresh goat milk samples through an experimental protocol to detect this parasite via bioassay carried out with a murine model, DNA amplification, and serology. Swiss Webster mice were inoculated with fresh goat milk samples contaminated with different T. gondii RH strain tachyzoite concentrations per milliliter and stored for different refrigeration times. Animals showing clinical signs compatible to toxoplasmosis were euthanized. Milk samples contaminated with high parasitic loads and kept for a shorter refrigeration time were the most lethal ones. No significant differences were observed between mean death rates recorded for different goat milk contamination concentrations (p = 0.1888), and for the refrigeration time, contaminated milk samples were kept under (p = 0.9440). T. gondii DNA was amplified in all contaminated milk samples, but only one of the surviving mice was serologically positive. Results of the present study have shown T. gondii survival and infectivity in fresh goat milk samples, and it highlights its significant risk for public health. Therefore, molecular methods must be the tests of choice when milk samples are used to assess infection caused by protozoan in goats’ dairy products.
Screening of Acetic Acid‐Producing Bacteria from Coffee Pulping Process and Their Efficiency in Malt Vinegar Production
Authors: Dereje Gizatie , Masi Chandran , Tafesse Mesfin
Published: June 2024

Bacterial isolate which can produce acetic acid has been isolated from a coffee pulping process. Primary screening of acetic acid‐producing bacteria was performed by using YPG medium. Then, positive isolates on YPG were further screened on GYC medium. It has been identified by using a molecular method by sequencing 16srRNA gene and was very closely related to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Its optimum growth conditions have been optimized by design expert software by using the RSM method. Temperature, ethanol content, pH, and time of incubation of the isolate have been optimized. This Pseudomonas species was used to produce vinegar from barley malt wine. In this process, the commercial yeast strain, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was used to produce ethanol from barley malt extract with 7.3 Brix degree. Malt wine with 3.49% ethanol content was obtained in 3 days of fermentation. For acetous fermentation by the bacterial isolate, barley malt wine with 5% ethanol content and 4.7 Brix was used as a substrate. Malt vinegar with a pH of 3.76 and 3.5% titratable acidity was obtained by using the flask method, and malt vinegar with a pH of 3.79 and 3.4% titratable acidity was obtained by using a bioreactor.
As barreiras de Cubatão, Caraguatatuba, Ubatuba e Cunha: limites e possibilidades da documentação
Authors: Arruda José Jobson de Andrade
Published: June 2024

The toll-gates of the Province of São Paulo were created by the Decree of March 24, 1835. They were intended to defray the road construction and maintenance expenses which burdened the Treasury. A survey of all the toll-gates of the Province would demand a whole staff of researchers. Therefore we limited our study to four villages only — Cubatão, Caraguatatuba, Ubatuba and Cunha — and to a period of 15 years (1835-1850). Consequently this is a preliminary survey of a larger research project concerned with this kind of documentation. The examined material is kept in the Archive of the State of São Paulo in labelled tins which indicate the village and the year or years of reference with no Information on the quality of the documents therein. A preliminary classification of all the documents was made, box by box, and we may say that the most important ones are Exportation Books, Tax Registration Box, Current Account Books, Revenue and Expenditure Ledgers. This documentation contains data on the movement of droves and cattleherds which passed the toll-gates; on the number of freight cars, on the variety and quantity of transported goods; on the quantity and prices of products bought for the consumption of toll-gate guards; on the wages paid to free workers for such Services, and on the sums paid to proprietors who rented their slaves for the road works. This documentation offers highly significant data for the reconstruction of the economic history of the Province of São Paulo during the above mentioned period. It contradicts Caio Prado Jr.’s statement that “The sole and secure statistical source on the domestic trade would be the documents of registros, the so-called ‘dry customs’ (alfândegas secas), and tolls established at river crossings and other strategic areas. But these are certainly lost for ever”.
O vazio inefável em Uma menina está perdida no seu século à procura do pai, de Gonçalo M. Tavares
Authors: Yamakawa Ibrahim Alisson
Published: June 2024

After reading and analyzing A girl is lost in her century looking for her father, a novel by Gonçalo M. Tavares, it is perceived that words, regardless of their saying, express less or with less eloquence than emptiness and silence can in this novel. Recognizing this fact, it is believed that the expression of the ineffable takes place beyond the limits of the written word. For this reason, this article reflects on the ineffable emptiness, having it as a genuine form of expression of the ineffable in this novel.