bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cornered by the Real World: A Defense of Mathematics
Authors: Otten Samuel
Published: May 2016

Our answers to students' questions about the relevance of what we teach might paint mathematics into an undesirable corner.
Beyond 1 + 2 = 3 and 32 + 42 = 52
Authors: Marion Charles F.
Published: May 2016

The author builds on a previous Delving Deeper article to extend his discussion of natural number sequences.
Sonochemiluminescence of lucigenin: Evidence of superoxide radical anion formation by ultrasonic irradiation
Authors: Matsuoka Masanori , Takahashi Fumiki , Asakura Yoshiyuki , Jin Jiye
Published: May 2016

The sonochemiluminescence (SCL) behavior of lucigenin (Luc2+) has been studied in aqueous solutions irradiated with 500 kHz ultrasound. Compared with the SCL of a luminol system, a tremendously increased SCL intensity is observed from 50 µM Luc2+ aqueous solution (pH =11) when small amounts of coreactants such as 2-propanol coexist. It is shown that SCL intensity strongly depends on the presence of dissolved gases such as air, O2, N2, and Ar. The highest SCL intensity is obtained in an O2-saturated solution, indicating that molecular oxygen is required to generate SCL. Since SCL intensity is quenched completely in the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that can catalyze the disproportionation of O2
•−, the generation of O2
•− in the ultrasonic reaction field is important in the SCL of Luc2+. In this work, the evidence of O2
•− production is examined by a spectrofluorometric method using 2-(2-pyridyl)benzothiazoline as the fluorescent probe. The results indicate that the yield of O2
•− is markedly increased in the O2-saturated solutions when a small amount of 2-propanol coexists, which is consistent with the results of SCL measurements. 2-Propanol in the interfacial region of a cavitation bubble reacts with a hydroxyl radical (•OH) to form a 2-propanol radical, CH3C•(OH)CH3, which can subsequently react with dissolved oxygen to generate O2
•−. The most likely pathways for SCL as well as the spatial distribution of SCL in a microreactor are discussed in this study.
PhySortR: a fast, flexible tool for sorting phylogenetic trees in R
Authors: Stephens Timothy G. , Bhattacharya Debashish , Ragan Mark A. , Chan Cheong Xin
Published: May 2016

A frequent bottleneck in interpreting phylogenomic output is the need to screen often thousands of trees for features of interest, particularly robust clades of specific taxa, as evidence of monophyletic relationship and/or reticulated evolution. Here we present PhySortR, a fast, flexible R package for classifying phylogenetic trees. Unlike existing utilities, PhySortR allows for identification of both exclusive and non-exclusive clades uniting the target taxa based on tip labels (i.e., leaves) on a tree, with customisable options to assess clades within the context of the whole tree. Using simulated and empirical datasets, we demonstrate the potential and scalability of PhySortR in analysis of thousands of phylogenetic trees without a priori assumption of tree-rooting, and in yielding readily interpretable trees that unambiguously satisfy the query. PhySortR is a command-line tool that is freely available and easily automatable.
Compressional perturbations of the dayside magnetosphere during high‐speed‐stream‐driven geomagnetic storms
Authors: Borovsky Joseph E. , Denton Michael H.
Published: May 2016

The quasi‐DC compressions of the Earth's dayside magnetic field by ram‐pressure fluctuations in the solar wind are characterized by using multiple GOES spacecraft in geosynchronous orbit, multiple Los Alamos spacecraft in geosynchronous orbit, global MHD simulations, and ACE and Wind solar wind measurements. Owing to the inward‐outward advection of plasma as the dayside magnetic field is compressed, magnetic field compressions experienced by the plasma in the dayside magnetosphere are greater than the magnetic field compressions measured by a spacecraft. Theoretical calculations indicate that the plasma compression can be a factor of 2 higher than the observed magnetic field compression. The solar wind ram‐pressure changes causing the quasi‐DC magnetospheric compressions are mostly owed to rapid changes in the solar wind number density associated with the crossing of plasma boundaries; an Earth crossing of a plasma boundary produces a sudden change in the dayside magnetic field strength accompanied by a sudden inward or outward motion of the plasma in the dayside magnetosphere. Superposed epoch analysis of high‐speed‐stream‐driven storms was used to explore solar wind compressions and storm time geosynchronous magnetic field compressions, which are of particular interest for the possible contribution to the energization of the outer electron radiation belt. The occurrence distributions of dayside magnetic field compressions, solar wind ram‐pressure changes, and dayside radial plasma flow velocities were investigated: all three quantities approximately obey power law statistics for large values. The approximate power law indices for the distributions of magnetic compressions and ram‐pressure changes were both −3.
Two‐dimensional circulation and mixing in the far field of a surface‐advected river plume
Authors: Mazzini Piero L. F. , Chant Robert J.
Published: May 2016

Field observations of the Hudson River plume are presented to discuss circulation and mixing in the far field of this coastally trapped buoyant flow. The plume was surface advected and propagated downshelf near the internal wave speed. The plume outflow was characterized by a two‐layer bulge‐like feature but became continuously stratified and vertically sheared in the far field, where Richardson numbers are generally below 0.5. High‐frequency velocity and backscatter data from a moored ADCP revealed strong vertical and horizontal oscillatory motions at the front with a wavelength approximately 7–8 times the plume thickness, consistent with Kelvin‐Helmholtz instabilities. These motions quickly died out after 2–3 cycles. The combination of vertical shear and stratification in the plume leads to a buoyancy flux toward the nose of the plume, which competes with mixing. However, the continued salinity increase of the plume as it propagated downshelf indicates that mixing overcomes this delivery of freshwater to the plume front. A simple 2‐D model is developed, which relates the time rate‐of‐change of the plume salinity to: (1) salt entrainment due to vertical mixing, and (2) freshwater flux and salt removal due to the vertical shear of the stratified plume. Estimates of an entrainment coefficient from this model are consistent with previous estimates from the near field of a river outflow. A scaling of the plume width is obtained by assuming that vertical shears are controlled by both thermal wind and a critical Richardson number. This scaling yields plume widths that are consistent with previous laboratory studies.
Assessing wet snow avalanche activity using detailed physics based snowpack simulations
Authors: Wever N. , Vera Valero C. , Fierz C.
Published: May 2016

Water accumulating on microstructural transitions inside a snowpack is often considered a prerequisite for wet snow avalanches. Recent advances in numerical snowpack modeling allow for an explicit simulation of this process. We analyze detailed snowpack simulations driven by meteorological stations in three different climate regimes (Alps, Central Andes, and Pyrenees), with accompanying wet snow avalanche activity observations. Predicting wet snow avalanche activity based on whether modeled water accumulations inside the snowpack locally exceed 5–6% volumetric liquid water content is providing a higher prediction skill than using thresholds for daily mean air temperature, or the daily sum of the positive snow energy balance. Additionally, the depth of the maximum water accumulation in the simulations showed a significant correlation with observed avalanche size. Direct output from detailed snow cover models thereby is able to provide a better regional assessment of dangerous slope aspects and potential avalanche size than traditional methods.
Improving satellite data products for open oceans with a scheme to correct the residual errors in remote sensing reflectance
Authors: Chen Jun , Lee Zhongping , Hu Chuanmin , Wei Jianwei
Published: May 2016

An approach to semianalytically derive waters' inherent optical properties (IOPs) from remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) and at the same time to take into account the residual errors in satellite Rrs is developed for open‐ocean clear waters where aerosols are likely of marine origin. This approach has two components: (1) a scheme of combining a neural network and an algebraic solution for the derivation of IOPs, and (2) relationships between Rrs residual errors at 670 nm and other spectral bands. This approach is evaluated with both synthetic and Sea‐viewing Wide Field‐of‐view Sensor (SeaWiFS) data, and the results show that it can significantly reduce the effects of residual errors in Rrs on the retrieval of IOPs, and at the same time remove partially the Rrs residual errors for “low‐quality” and “high‐quality” data defined in this study. Furthermore, more consistent estimation of chlorophyll concentrations between the empirical blue‐green ratio and band‐difference algorithms can be derived from the corrected “low‐quality” and “high‐quality” Rrs. These results suggest that it is possible to improve both data quality and quantity of satellite‐retrieved Rrs over clear open‐ocean waters with a step considering the spectral relationships of the residual errors in Rrs after the default atmospheric correction procedure and without fixing Rrs at 670 nm to one value for clear waters in a small region such as 3 × 3 box.
Fast electromagnetic modeling in cylindrically layered media excited by eccentred magnetic dipole
Authors: Nikitenko Marina , Itskovich Gregory B. , Seryakov Alexander
Published: May 2016

We developed a fast algorithm to calculate a response of cylindrically layered media excited by the vertical magnetic dipole eccentred with respect to the axis of symmetry. The algorithm calculates response in the range of frequencies typical for induction and dielectric logging. The media conductivity and dielectric constant are described by piecewise‐constant functions. The corresponding boundary value problem is solved by method of separation of variables. Fourier transform is applied to Maxwell equations and boundary conditions to express field components through Fourier transforms of vertical components of an electrical and magnetic field. In addition, an expansion of vertical components into an infinite series with respect to angular harmonics is used to reduce the original problem to a series of 1‐D problems that only depend on the radial coordinate. The solution to each 1‐D radial problem for the angular harmonics is presented as a linear combination of modified Bessel functions. Finally, inverse Fourier transformation is applied to the angular harmonics of vertical components to derive electrical and magnetic field of the original boundary value problem. We provide detailed discussion on the elements that are critical for the numerical implementation of the algorithm: a proper normalization, convergence, and integration. Specifically, we show how to perform integration in the complex plane by avoiding intersection of the integration pass with the cuts located on the Riemann surface. Numerical results show the usefulness of the algorithm for solving inverse problems and for studying the effect of eccentricity in induction and dielectric logging.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Mono‐Selective ortho CH Arylation of Aryl Sulfonamides in Water: A Concise Access to Biaryl Sulfoamide Derivatives
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Dongyin , Zhao Yongli , Yi Fei , Chen Junmin
Published: May 2016

A green atom‐economical method for the synthesis of biaryl sulfonamide derivatives via palladium(II)‐catalyzed CH bond activation by employing an amino acid moiety as the bidentate directing group has been developed. The protocol proceeded efficiently in water; high yields and broad substrate scope were achieved. The reaction shows good functional group compatibility and proceeds in a highly selective manner at the ortho position of arenes connected to sulfonamide sulfur atoms. This auxiliary can be easily removed either by acidic hydrolysis, or converted into primary biaryl sulfomamides with a 30 mol % amount of CuO as catalyst. Mechanistic studies show that the present bidentate directing group is essential for promoting ortho CH bond activation of arenes connected to sulfonamide sulfur atoms.

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DEM study of granular flow characteristics in the active and passive regions of a three‐dimensional rotating drum
Authors: Yang Shiliang , Cahyadi Andy , Wang Jingwei , Chew Jia Wei
Published: May 2016

Three‐dimensional modeling of the solid motion in a lab‐scale rotating drum has been conducted via the discrete element method. After validating the simulated results with available experimental data, the active‐passive interface was identified, following which particle‐scale information in these two regions, in particular the influences of fill level and rotating velocity, were obtained. The results demonstrate that: (1) the total number of particles in the passive region is three times that in the active, (2) the transverse and axial velocities span a wider range in the active region, with the transverse values being greater, (3) the collision force is much higher in the active region, with the greatest magnitudes in the y direction relative to that in the x and z directions, (4) particle displacements are generally lower and have a narrower distribution in the active region, (5) the local solid residence time (SRT) distribution profiles are similar axially in that the highest SRT magnitudes are at the center region of the bed, while the other parts of the bed have uniform SRT magnitudes. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 3874–3888, 2016
Phase I study of evofosfamide, an investigational hypoxia‐activated prodrug, in patients with advanced leukemia
Authors: Badar Talha , Handisides Damian R. , Benito Juliana M. , Richie Mary Ann , Borthakur Gautam , Jabbour Elias , Harutyunyan Karine , Konoplev Sergej , Faderl Stefan , Kroll Stew , Andreeff Michael , Pearce Tillman , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Cortes Jorge E. , Thomas Deborah A. , Konopleva Marina
Published: May 2016

Tumor hypoxia causes resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. Evofosfamide (TH‐302) has exhibited specific hypoxia‐dependent cytotoxicity against primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples in vitro. Based on these findings, a Phase I study of evofosfamide was designed for patients with relapsed/refractory leukemia (NCT01149915). In this open‐label study, patients were treated with evofosfamide as a 30–60 min/day infusion on Days 1–5 of a 21–day cycle (Arm A, n = 38) or as a continuous infusion over 120 hr over Days 1–5 of a 21‐day cycle (Arm B, n = 11). Forty‐nine patients were treated including 39 (80%) with AML and 9 (18%) with ALL. Patients had received a median of five prior therapies. In Arm A, the dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) were grade 3 esophagitis, observed at a dose of 550 mg/m2. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was a daily dose of 460 mg/m2. In Arm B, the DLTs were grade 3 stomatitis and hyperbilirubinemia, observed at a daily dose of 460 mg/m2. The continuous infusion MTD was a daily dose of 330 mg/m2. Hypoxia markers HIF‐1α and CAIX were highly expressed in leukemic bone marrow and were significantly reduced after evofosfamide therapy. The combined overall response rate in Arms A and B was 6% (2 CR/CRi and 1 PR), with all responses seen in Arm A. Evofosfamide has shown limited activity in heavily pretreated leukemia patients. Further evaluation investigating evofosfamide in combination with cytotoxic or demethylating agents is warranted. Am. J. Hematol. 91:800–805, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Design and Synthesis of Low HOMO–LUMO Gap N‐Phenylcarbazole‐Substituted Diketopyrrolopyrroles
Authors: Patil Yuvraj , Jadhav Thaksen , Dhokale Bhausaheb , Misra Rajneesh
Published: May 2016

The use of the electron‐withdrawing cyano group to lower energy levels and extend light absorption of compounds for optoelectronic applications is well known. The use of cyano group incorporation has been reported to improve the electron mobility in organic photovoltaics to increase performance. Recently, we have reported that materials based on multiple acceptors including 1,1,4,4‐tetracyanobutadiene (TCBD) and diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) possesses excellent photophysical characteristics such as strong light absorption, co‐planar structure and good photochemical stability, which can be utilized as non‐fullerene electron acceptors for bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. To examine the effect of TCBD on the optical properties of DPPs, we designed and synthesized ethyne‐bridged N‐phenylcarbazole‐substituted DPPs and their TCBD derivatives by Pd‐catalyzed Sonogashira cross‐coupling and [2+2] cycloaddition–retroelectrocyclization reactions, respectively. The photophysical, thermal, electrochemical and computational properties of these compounds were investigated, which show substantial donor–acceptor interactions between the N‐phenylcarbazole and DPP moieties. The N‐phenylcarbazole‐substituted DPPs exhibit excellent thermal stability. The TCBD derivatives showed redshifted, broad charge‐transfer bands in the visible region with low HOMO–LUMO gaps compared to the corresponding ethyne‐bridged N‐phenylcarbazole‐substituted compounds. The electrochemical study revealed additional reduction waves in the TCBD‐bridged compounds, which correspond to the TCBD moiety itself.
Development of a Divergent Synthetic Route to the Erythrina Alkaloids: Asymmetric Syntheses of 8‐Oxo‐erythrinine, Crystamidine, 8‐Oxo‐erythraline, and Erythraline
Authors: Umihara Hirotatsu , Yoshino Tomomi , Shimokawa Jun , Kitamura Masato , Fukuyama Tohru
Published: May 2016

A general synthetic methodology toward the erythrina alkaloids has been developed. Inspired by a proposed biosynthetic mechanism, the medium‐sized chiral biaryl lactam was asymmetrically transformed into the common core A–D rings by a stereospecific singlet oxygen oxidation of the phenol moiety, followed by a transannular aza‐Michael reaction to the dienone functionality. The late‐stage manipulation of the oxidation and oxygenation states of the functional groups on the peripheral moieties enabled the flexible syntheses of the erythrina alkaloids.
A Bulky Thiyl‐Radical Catalyst for the [3+2] Cyclization of N‐Tosyl Vinylaziridines and Alkenes
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya , Takino Kohei , Hato Kazuki , Maruoka Keiji
Published: May 2016

Thiyl‐radical‐catalyzed cyclization reactions of N‐tosyl vinylaziridines and alkenes were developed as a new synthetic method for the generation of substituted pyrrolidines. The key to making this process accessible to a broad range of substrates is the use of a sterically demanding thiyl radical, which prevents the undesired degradation of the catalyst.
Surrogate‐based optimization of cordon toll levels in congested traffic networks
Authors: Ekström Joakim , Kristoffersson Ida , Quttineh Nils‐Hassan
Published: May 2016

The benefit, in terms of social surplus, from introducing congestion charging schemes in urban networks is depending on the design of the charging scheme. The literature on optimal design of congestion pricing schemes is to a large extent based on static traffic assignment, which is known for its deficiency in correctly predict travel times in networks with severe congestion. Dynamic traffic assignment can better predict travel times in a road network, but are more computational expensive. Thus, previously developed methods for the static case cannot be applied straightforward. Surrogate‐based optimization is commonly used for optimization problems with expensive‐to‐evaluate objective functions. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of a surrogate‐based optimization method, when the number of pricing schemes, which we can afford to evaluate (because of the computational time), are limited to between 20 and 40. A static traffic assignment model of Stockholm is used for evaluating a large number of different configurations of the surrogate‐based optimization method. Final evaluation is performed with the dynamic traffic assignment tool VisumDUE, coupled with the demand model Regent, for a Stockholm network including 1240 demand zones and 17 000 links. Our results show that the surrogate‐based optimization method can indeed be used for designing a congestion charging scheme, which return a high social surplus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptation to nocturnality – learning from avian genomes
Authors: Le Duc Diana , Schöneberg Torsten
Published: May 2016

The recent availability of multiple avian genomes has laid the foundation for a huge variety of comparative genomics analyses including scans for changes and signatures of selection that arose from adaptions to new ecological niches. Nocturnal adaptation in birds, unlike in mammals, is comparatively recent, a fact that makes birds good candidates for identifying early genetic changes that support adaptation to dim‐light environments. In this review, we give examples of comparative genomics analyses that could shed light on mechanisms of adaptation to nocturnality. We present advantages and disadvantages of both “data‐driven” and “hypothesis‐driven” approaches that lead to the discovery of candidate genes and genetic changes promoting nocturnality. We anticipate that the accessibility of multiple genomes from the Genome 10K Project will allow a better understanding of evolutionary mechanisms and adaptation in general.
Identification of a distinct subpopulation of fibroblasts from murine dermis: CD73−CD105+ as potential marker of dermal fibroblasts subset with multipotency
Authors: Lee Seung Bum , Shim Sehwan , Kim Min‐Jung , Shin Hye‐Yun , Jang Won‐Suk , Lee Sun‐Joo , Jin Young‐Woo , Lee Seung‐Sook , Park Sunhoo
Published: May 2016

Skin dermis includes various types of multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) and a subpopulation of dermal fibroblasts that exhibit the ability to differentiate. However, characterization of this dermal fibroblast subtype remains less understood. In this study, we isolated dermal cells from the skin of newborn C57/B6 mice and investigated their characteristics. Isolated murine dermal cells exhibited a fibroblast phenotype as judged by accepted criteria including a lack of MSC‐related antigens and the differentiation potential of MSCs, and the positive expression of fibroblast markers. A comparative analysis demonstrated that CD73−CD105+ but not CD73− CD105− dermal fibroblasts exhibited some of the functional properties of MSCs. Furthermore, the multipotent phenotype of CD73−CD105+ cells was diminished by treatment of CD105 siRNA and shRNA, indicating that CD105 expression was critical for the retention of differentiation potential of those cells. Overall, these results suggest that CD73−CD105+ cells are a distinct subset of dermal fibroblasts with multipotency and that their surface antigens could help to classify this subpopulation. These cells may contribute to the regeneration of damaged tissue.
Electrochemical Behavior of Gold–Silver Alloy Nanoparticles
Authors: Plowman Blake J. , Sidhureddy Boopathi , Sokolov Stanislav V. , Young Neil P. , Chen Aicheng , Compton Richard G.
Published: May 2016

We report the voltammetry of alloy nanoparticles by using cyclic voltammetry to study gold–silver alloy nanoparticles. Through careful comparison with the response of pure gold nanoparticles, pure silver nanoparticles, and their mixture, the contrasting electrochemical behavior of the alloy nanoparticles is established, providing insights into the electrochemical stability of gold–silver alloy nanoparticles in chloride‐containing media.
Synchrotron X‐ray Tomographic Study of a Silicon Electrode Before and After Discharge and the Effect of Cavities on Particle Fracturing
Authors: Zielke Lukas , Sun Fu , Markötter Henning , Hilger André , Moroni Riko , Zengerle Roland , Thiele Simon , Banhart John , Manke Ingo
Published: May 2016

Silicon (Si) is proposed to be one of the most promising anode materials for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries, but unsatisfactory discharge capacity and inevitable performance deterioration prevent their commercialisation. In situ synchrotron X‐ray tomography is applied to a Si‐composite electrode‐based battery in its pristine and first discharged state and the degradation of the electron‐ and/or ion‐conducting network, as well as degradation of Si particles, is quantitatively investigated. Thus, this study is complementary to previous X‐ray tomographic studies focusing on Si particles only. On the electrode level, the Si particles located in the central part of the electrode primarily experience crack formation; on the particle level, lithiation behaviour is heterogeneous and cavities are formed during electrode preparation and battery operation. The correlation between the electrochemical activities of Si particles and their individual contact with the conducting network is investigated and quantified: Si particles will experience lithiation only under the condition that at least 40 % of their surface is electrically and ionically connected.
A Naphthalimide‐Based Cd2+ Fluorescent Probe with Carbamoylmethyl Groups Working as Chelators and PET‐Promoters under Neutral Conditions
Authors: Tsukamoto Koji , Shimabukuro Shota , Mabuchi Miyuki , Maeda Hatsuo
Published: May 2016

We have developed a novel naphthalimide‐based Cd2+ fluorescent probe (1), featuring almost no background response, high sensitivity and selectivity toward Cd2+ through its high association constant [K=(2.10±0.423)×106], and a practical working pH range. Membrane‐permeability was conferred on 1 by replacing the imide and amide substituents with n‐butyl groups, and hence the derivative (4) has found practical utility on fluorescent imaging of Cd2+ in HeLa cells. Comparison of fluorescent properties between various compounds derived from 1 has demonstrated that the carbamoylmethyl groups in 1 function not only as Cd2+ chelators but also as promoters for photoinduced electron transfer (PET) by lowering the basicity of the two tertiary amino groups. As a result, 1 and 4 exhibited highly practical performance as Cd2+ probes under neutral conditions.
Double Pancake Versus Long Chalcogen–Chalcogen Bonds in Six‐Membered C,N,S‐Heterocycles
Authors: Haberhauer Gebhard , Gleiter Rolf
Published: May 2016

The double “pancake” bonding in the dimers of the six‐membered heterocycles 1,3‐dithia‐2,4,6‐triazine (4) and 1,3‐dithia‐2,4‐diazine (16) were investigated by means of high‐level quantum chemical calculations (B3LYP and CCSD(T)). It was found that the S–S dimers, 20 a and 27, are not the most stable isomers, but the dimers showing short S−N (21 a) and S−C (25, 28) bonds. An investigation of the 5‐phenyl‐1,3‐dithia‐2,4,6‐triazine (4 b) yields that the syn dimer with two S−S bonds (2.57 Å) is the most stable one. In this dimer, the phenyl groups are placed on top of each other. The additional dispersion energy of the phenyl rings causes a stabilization of the syn‐S–S (C2v‐like) isomer. As a result, two weak albeit relevant single S−S bonds (2.57 Å) are predicted. These findings contradict the recently published concept of double “pancake” bonding in the dimer 4 b2.
Batch‐ and Continuous‐Flow Aerobic Oxidation of 14‐Hydroxy Opioids to 1,3‐Oxazolidines—A Concise Synthesis of Noroxymorphone
Authors: Gutmann Bernhard , Weigl Ulrich , Cox D. Phillip , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: May 2016

14‐Hydroxymorphinone is converted to noroxymorphone, the immediate precursor of important opioid antagonists, such as naltrexone and naloxone, in a three‐step reaction sequence. The initial oxidation of the N‐methyl group in 14‐hydroxymorphinone with in situ generated colloidal palladium(0) as the catalyst and molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant constitutes the key transformation in this new route. This oxidation results in the formation of an unexpected oxazolidine ring structure. Subsequent hydrolysis of the oxazolidine under reduced pressure followed by hydrogenation in a packed‐bed flow reactor using palladium(0) as the catalyst provides noroxymorphone in high purity and good overall yield. To overcome challenges associated with gas–liquid reactions with molecular oxygen, the key oxidation reaction was translated to a continuous‐flow process.
Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Dearomatization of Indole Acetamides with 3‐Indolylphenyliodonium Salts
Authors: Liu Chuan , Yi Ji‐Cheng , Liang Xiao‐Wei , Xu Ren‐Qi , Dai Li‐Xin , You Shu‐Li
Published: May 2016

The rapid and direct asymmetric synthesis of 3‐(3a‐indolyl)hexahydropyrroloindoline motifs is an extremely important part of the total synthesis of several alkaloid structures. Herein, an intermolecular, asymmetric cascade dearomatization reaction of indole acetamides with 3‐indolylphenyliodonium salts has been developed. This protocol provides a straightforward access to 3‐(3a‐indolyl)hexahydropyrroloindolines bearing an all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter at the C3 position of the indoline ring with high enantioselectivities. The utility of the protocol has been demonstrated by the formal asymmetric synthesis of folicanthine.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structures of Sr(BrO3)2‐ H2O, Ba(BrO3)2‐ H2O, Ba(IO3)2‐H2O, Pb(ClO3)2
Authors: LUTZ H. D. , ALICI E. , BUCHMEIER W.
Published: May 2016

H2O, and Pb(BrO3)2 ‐ H2O. ‐ The isostructural title compounds Crystallize in the monoclinic system (C2/c, Z=4) (single Crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Electrocatalysis in Metal Hydride Electiode. Part 1. Hydrogen Electrode Reaction on Group‐IB and VIII Metals Deposited on Palladium Substrates.
Authors: MACHIDA K. , ENYO M.
Published: May 2016

The hydrogen electrode reactions on thin‐layer Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Pt and Pd electrodes in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1.0 M NaOH proceed via a Volmer‐Tafel reaction route and the ratio of the rates of the Volmer and Tafel elementary steps is evaluated.
ChemInform Abstract: Yields of O2(b1Σg+) from Reactions of HO2.
Authors: KEYSER L. F. , CHOO K. Y. , LEU M. T.
Published: May 2016

Production of O2(b1∑g+) has been monitored from several reactions of the HO2 radical (known to play a significant role in atmospheric chemistry) at 300 K using the discharge‐flow‐resonance fluorescence (chemiluminescence) technique.
ChemInform Abstract: The Moving Boat Technique and Practical Studies on the Decomposition of Carbonates.
Authors: RAY H. S. , CHOWDHURY D. D. , CHAKRABORTY S.
Published: May 2016

The novel technique (MBT), which is described in detail, allows to study the decomposition of relatively large samples under rising temp. conditions and a ‐t (a: degree of decomposition) plots for several samples can be generated simultaneously from a single run.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermal Solid‐Solid Interaction Between Sodium and Manganese Oxides.
Authors: EL‐SHOBAKY G. A. , EL‐BARAWY K. A. , IBRAHIM A. A.
Published: May 2016

The decomposition behaviour of Na‐doped MnCO3 has been studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxorhodates of Alkali Metals: β‐LiRhO2.
Authors: HOBBIE K. , HOPPE R.
Published: May 2016

Black cubic single crystals of the novel oxorhodate(III) have been prepared Starting from Li2O, Na2O, and Rh2O3 (Li :Na:Rh = 2.9l :l.45 : l , closed Pd tube, 950°C, 18 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Investigations of Vinylic Azides. Part 5. Cathodic Reduction of Aliphatic Azides and of Azides, Activated by Olefinic and Carbonyl Groups.
Authors: KNITTEL D.
Published: May 2016

Retention of one nitrogen of the azide group in most of the products obtained by the reduction of (I), (IV), (VI), or (X) leads to novel amine or stabilized enamine derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Cyclization and Pinacolization Directed by Tetraalkylammonium Ions.
Authors: KARIV‐MILLER E. , MAHACHI T. J.
Published: May 2016

Cyclohexanon (II) und 6‐Hepten‐2‐on (V) werden unter verschiedenen Bedingungen elektrochemisch reduziert, wobei unter Normalbedingungen die Alkohole (I) bzw. (IV), in Gegenwart von oberflächenaktiven Verbindungen wie Dimethylpyrrolidinium‐tetrafluoroborat das Pinakol (III) bzw. das Cyclisierungsprodukt (VI) jeweils in hohen Ausbeuten erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Pressure Addition Reactions Involving Cycloheptatriene‐Norcaradiene Equilibrium.
Authors: JENNER G. , PAPADOPOULOS M.
Published: May 2016

Cycloheptatrien (Ia) steht mit dem Norcaradien (Ib) im Gleichgewicht.
ChemInform Abstract: The Preparation of β‐Fluoro Thioethers.
Authors: PURRINGTON S. T. , CORREA I. D.
Published: May 2016

Die Cyclohexene (I) addieren Phenylsulfenylchlorid (II) in Gegenwart von AgF zu den Fluor‐thioethern (III), während aus (Ia) mit KF die Chlorverbindung (IV) erhalten wird.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of 2,6,7‐Triazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct‐2‐ene‐5,8‐diones and 4(3H)‐Pyrimidinones via 1,4‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Pyrimidinium‐4‐olates to Nitriles.
Authors: GOTTHARDT H. , BLUM J.
Published: May 2016

The pyrimidinium‐olate (II) which has no substituent in the 2‐position undergoes 1,4‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions with the cyano compounds (Ia) or (Ib) to give the products (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Thermal Cycloaddition of Maleic Anhydride to Cycloheptatriene, 7H‐Benzocycloheptene, and 7H‐Benzocycloheptene‐7,7‐dicarbonitrile.
Authors: LEITICH J. , SPRINTSCHNIK G.
Published: May 2016

Comparative kinetic ana1ysis‐of the title reactions of (I), (V), or (XI) with the anhydride (II) with exclusion of humidity and acid reveal nearly identical orders of magnitude for the rate constants for the addition to (I) and (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Formation of cis‐2,3‐Dimethylcyclopropanone Hemiacetals from 2‐Halo‐3‐pentanones. [4 + 3]Cycloadditions with Conjugated Diene Systems.
Authors: FOEHLISCH B. + , GEHRLACH E. , STEZOWSKI J. J. , KOLLAT P. , MARTIN E. , GOTTSTEIN W.
Published: May 2016

The halopentanones (Ia) or (Ib) react in the alcohols (II) with the corresponding alkoxides in a highly stereoselective manner to give the hemiacetals (IIIa)‐(IIIc) [X‐ray 28 analysis of the derivative (IIId) from (IIIa): P21/c; Z = 8].
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Ketodicarboxylic Acid Chloride Imide Chlorides in the Synthesis of Heterocycles. Part 2. New Condensed and Spiro Rings.
Authors: CAPUANO L. , WAMPRECHT C.
Published: May 2016

The pyrrolidinedione (I) and the naphthalenediones (XI) afford a series of condensed heterocycles by cyclocondensation, by [4 + 2] cycloaddition or by l′,3‐dipolar cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective N‐Sulfinyl Dienophile Diels‐Alder Cycloadditions.
Authors: REMISZEWSKI S. W. , YANG J. , WEINREB S. M.
Published: May 2016

Aus den optisch aktiven Alkoholen (Ia) und (IVa) werden über die Carbaminate (Ib) bzw. (IVb) die N‐Sul?nyl‐amide (Ic) bzw. (IVc) hergestellt und dann mit 1,3‐Cyclohexadien (II) umgesetzt, wobei in Gegenwart von Titantetrachlorid fast sterisch einheitliche Diels‐Alder‐ Addukte (III) bzw. (V) erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Properties of 1,3‐Dialkoxy‐2‐azapropenylium Salts.
Authors: WUERTHWEIN E.‐U. + , KUPFER R.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of the N‐acylimidates (II) with the oxoniuin salts (I) leads to alkylation at the oxygen of the acyl group of (II) [‐+ (III)].
ChemInform Abstract: Trifluoromethyl Group Induced Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of α‐Hydroxy Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: MORIZAWA Y. , YASUDA A. , UCHIDA K.
Published: May 2016

3‐Trif1uormethyl‐buttersäureester (I) wird nach Metallierung mit Molybdänperoxid spezifisch zum Hydroxyester (II) oxidiert; es entstehen nur geringe Anteile an (III), das jedoch aus dem Gemisch aus (II) und (III) nach Oxidation zum Keton (X) und dessen Boranat‐Reduktion zugänglich ist.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies of Hypolipidemic Agents. Part 1. Syntheses and Hypolipidemic Activities of 1‐Substituted 2‐Alkanone Derivatives.
Authors: OGAWA K. , TERADA T. , MURANAKA Y. , HAMAKAWA T. , HASHIMOTO S. , FUJII S.
Published: May 2016

Die α‐Chlorketone (III) werden auf 2 verschiedenen Wegen, ausgehend von Epichlorhydrin (I) oder von den Säurechloriden (IV), über die Diazoketone (V) hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: PdCl2(MeCN)2‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of Diethylamine with Carbon Dioxide: Selective Synthesis of Tetraethylurea and Diethylformamide.
Authors: MORIMOTO Y. , FUJIWARA Y. , TANIGUCHI H. , HORI Y. , NAGANO Y.
Published: May 2016

Diethylamin (I) liefert mit Kohlendioxid in Gegenwart von Pd‐Katalysatoren Tetraethylharnstoff (II) und Diethylformamid (III), wobei in Acetonitril, Tetrachlorkohlenstoff und einem Zusatz von Triphenylphosphin überwiegend der Harnstoff (II), mit Methylcellosolve und Natriumformiat überwiegend das Amid (III) erhalten werden kann.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Fluoroalkenes with the SF4 ‐ HF ‐ S2Cl2 System.
Authors: MURATOV N. N. , MOKHAMED N. M. , KUNSHENKO B. V. , ALEKSEEVA L. A. , YAGUPOL'SKII L. M.
Published: May 2016

The reactions of the trifluoropropene (I), the dichlorodifluoroethene (III) and the chlorotrifluoroethene (VII) with the title system in the absence or in the presence of Sare studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Fluoronitroalcohols. Part 5. 1,5‐Difluoro‐ 1,1,5,5‐tetranitropentanol.
Authors: FADEEV M. A. , ORESHKO G. V. , EREMENKO L. T.
Published: May 2016

Die Tetranitroalkanole (II) werden durch Reduktion aus den entsprechenden Ketonen (I) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of Anion Exchange Resin in the Synthesis of Aryloxyacetic Acid Esters.
Authors: BANDGAR B. P. , JAGDALE M. H. , MANE R. B. , SALUNKHE M. M.
Published: May 2016

The nucleophilic polymer‐supported reagent (I) is obtained by reaction of Amberlite IRA‐400 (chloride form) with the sodium salt of aryloxyacetic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Flask Synthesis of Sulfides from Alcohols and Alkyl Halides Using Benzoxazoline‐2‐thione.
Authors: TAKEUCHI Y. , SAKAGAWA K. , KUBO M. , YAMATO M.
Published: May 2016

Ein Eintopfverfahren zur Herstellung von Sulfiden (II) aus Alkylhalogeniden und Alkoholen mit Benzoxazolin‐2‐thion als Hilfsreagens.
ChemInform Abstract: A Formal Total Synthesis of Aklavinone via a Blocked Anthraquinone Tautomer.
Authors: KRAUS G. A. , WALLING J. A.
Published: May 2016

Aus den beiden Naphthochinonen (I) werden die Phenylthio‐cyanide (II) hergestellt und mit dem Butadien (III) in Addukte übergeführt, die nach Jones zu (IV) oxidiert und dann in Zwischenstufen (V) übergeführt werden können.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Approach to the Efficient Indole Synthesis by Allene Intramolecular Cycloaddition.
Authors: HAYAKAWA K. , YASUKOUCHI T. , KANEMATSU K.
Published: May 2016

Aus den Acroleinen (I) und den Amino‐propinen (II) entstehen die Diene (IV), die mit Formaldehyd/Diisopropylamin und CuBr zu den Allenen (V) führen.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐Substituted lndoles via N‐Acylindolium Ions.
Authors: COMINS D. L. , STROUD E. D.
Published: May 2016

Aus dem Indol‐3‐aldehyd (I) erhält man mit Grignard‐Verbindungen (II) die Addukte (III), die mit Triethylsilan zu den 3‐Alkyl‐indolen (IV) reduziert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Carbohydrates with Tetracyanoethylene in Anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride.
Authors: KOHLA M. , KLEMER A. , MATTES R. , LEIMKUEHLER M. +
Published: May 2016

The carbohydrates (I), (V), (VIII) and (XI) are treated following method A) which furnishes the heterocyclic products shown in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fatty 2‐Oxazolidones from Epoxy Fatty Acids.
Authors: FAROOQI J. A.
Published: May 2016

Die Fettsäureesterepoxide (I) reagieren mit Phenylisocyanat (II) in Gegenwart von Lithiumchlorid in guten Ausbeuten zu den 2‐Oxazolidonen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiinflammatory, Antipyretic, and Analgesic Activities of 5‐(1,2‐Benzisothiazolyl)tetrazoles.
Authors: VICINI P. , AMORETTI L. , BAROCELLI E. , CHIAVARINI M. , IMPICCIATORE M.
Published: May 2016

Durch Reaktion der Nitrile (I) bzw. (III) mit Natriumazid erhält man die Tetrazole (II) bzw. (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: The Photoelimination of N‐Nitroso‐N‐acetyl‐α‐amino Acids; a New Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Oxadiazoles.
Authors: CHOW Y. L. , POLO J. S.
Published: May 2016

The acylated N‐nitroso amino acids (II), nitrosopeptide model compounds, are prepared from the precursors (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New 4‐Substituted Xanthotoxins.
Authors: EL‐HAMOULY W. S. , ABOULEZZ A. F.
Published: May 2016

In the endeavour to obtain biologically active derivatives of the known drug xanthotoxin, a series of 4‐substituted compounds is synthesized by reactions of (I) and (V) with various reagents to give (II) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactions of Some 4‐Oxo‐4H‐1‐benzopyran‐2‐carboxaldehydes.
Authors: SAMI S. M. , IBRAHIM S. S. , ABDEL‐HALIM A. M. , ALY Y. L.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (III) are synthesized from the Z‐methylbenzopyrans (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Thermal Fragmentations of Nitrated 8‐Quinolinols.
Authors: SUTTER P. , WEIS C. D.
Published: May 2016

8‐Hydroxychinolin sowie die 5‐Nitrosoverbindung (III) werden glatt zu dem 8‐Hydroxy‐5,7‐dinitro‐chinolin (II) nitriert, das auch ausgehend von den Sulfonsäuren (IV) und (VI) erhalten werden kann.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Naphthyridines. An Unexpected Product in Hantzsch Pyridine Synthesis.
Authors: BALOGH M. , HERMECZ I. , NARAY‐SZABO G. , SIMON K. , MESZAROS Z.
Published: May 2016

The condensation of ethyl acetoacetate (I) with urotropine (II), under the conditions of the Hantzsch pyridine synthesis, affords the expected pyridine derivative (III) along with the unexpected naphthyridine compound (IV) as a by‐product.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Pyridazinium Ylides with Perhalocycloalkenes and Thermal Decomposition of the Adducts.
Authors: OHSAWA A. , WADA I. , IGETA H.
Published: May 2016

Die Pyridazinium‐Ylide (I) reagieren in einer 1,3‐dipolaren Cycloaddition mit den Perhalogencyclopropenen (II) bereits bei Raumtemperatur zu den Addukten (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Defined Dimensional Alterations in Enzyme Substrates. General Synthetic Methodology for the Bent Dihydro‐lin‐benzopurines.
Authors: STEVENSON T. M. , KAZMIERCZAK F. , LEONARD N. J.
Published: May 2016

Das aus Acetylendicarbonsäure (I) und Butadien (II) erhaltene Anhydrid (III) wird mit Trimethylsilylazid (IV) in das Dihydroisatosäureanhydrid (V) übergeführt, aus dem mit Amidiniumformiat das Dihydro‐chinazolinon (VI) entsteht.
ChemInform Abstract: Selectively 13C‐Enriched 2,4‐Diamino‐5‐(3,4,5‐trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine (Trimethoprim) and 2,4‐Diaminopyrimidine.
Authors: SMAL M. , CHEUNG H. T. A. , DAVIES P. E.
Published: May 2016

The selectively labeled derivatives (VII), (XIII) and (XVII) of the antibacterial agent trimethoprim are synthesized for NMR studies of its therapeutic effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Further Reactions in the Tetrahydroazocin‐2(1H)‐one Series.
Authors: RIDLEY D. D. , SIMPSON G. W.
Published: May 2016

Attempts to produce the bicyclic skeleton (IV) by photochemical, base‐induced or radical cyclization of the title compounds (I) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Stereochemistry of Carbinolamine Containing Pyrrolo[1,4]benzodiazepines by Reductive Cyclization of N‐(2‐Nitrobenzoyl)pyrrolidine‐2‐carboxaldehydes.
Authors: THURSTON D. E. , LANGLEY D. R.
Published: May 2016

Das N‐Nitrobenzoyl‐pyrrolidinylmethanol (I) wird mit PCC zum entsprechenden Aldehyd (II) oxidiert und dieser dann bei der katalytischen Hydrierung zu (III) bzw. (IV) reduktiv cyclisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Nucleophilic Substitution of Fluorine. A Route to the Synthesis of Polyfluorodibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepines.
Authors: PETRENKO N. I. , GERASIMOVA T. N.
Published: May 2016

N‐Pentafluorbenzyliden‐ (I) bzw. ‐benzyl‐ Z‐hydroxy‐anilin (IV) cyclisieren unter intramolekularer nucleophiler Substitution eines Fluors zu den Oxazepinen (II) bzw. (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Potassium Dialkylthiophosphates with Ethynylbromides in the Presence of Copper(II) Chloride.
Authors: VIKHREVA L. A. , DARISHEVA A. M. , GODOVIKOV N. N. , KABACHNIK M. I.
Published: May 2016

Kaliumdiethylthiophosphat (I) reagiert mit Kupfer(II)‐chlorid zum isolierbaren Kupfer(I)‐diethylthiophosphat (III) neben dem Disulfid (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Anionic Activation of Diethylphosphite with Potassium Fluoride on Alumina. Synthesis of Functional Phosphonates.
Authors: VILLEMIN D. , RACHA R.
Published: May 2016

Diethylphosphit (I) kann ohne Lösungsmittel unter Verwendung von Kaliumfluorid an Aluminiumoxid zu zahlreichen Michael‐ Addukten wie (III), (V), (VII) oder (IX) addiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparations and Crystal Structures of the 2‐Oxides of Some Octahydro‐3,2,1‐benzoxathiazines and Octahydro‐2‐H‐3,1,2‐benzoxazaphosphorines.
Authors: GOODRIDGE R. J. , HAMBLEY T. W. , RIDLEY D. D.
Published: May 2016

The epimeric anhydrides (IV) are prepared by similar procedures via the reaction of 3‐sulfolene (I) with either (II) or (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 2‐Dialkoxyphosphoryl‐1,2,3‐dithiaphospholanes and ‐phosphorinanes with Nucleophilic Reagents.
Authors: ERMANSON L. V. , GODOVIKOV N. N. , BLAGOVESHCHENSKII V. S.
Published: May 2016

Hydrolyse der Phosphor‐Heterocyclen (I) führt zu den Alkylen‐bis‐trithiophosphiten (II).
ChemInform Abstract: The Simple Conversion of a Phosphorochloridate into One of Opposite Configuration.
Authors: THENAPPAN A. , WADSWORTH W. S. JUN.
Published: May 2016

Aus dem cyclischen Chlor‐phosphat (I) kann mit Hydrazin (II) das invertierte Hydrazid (III) erhalten werden, das mit tert.‐Butylhypochlorit unter Konfigurationserhalt zur Chlorverbindung (IV) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc(II) Bis(O,O′‐dialkyl dithiophosphates): Interaction with Small Nitrogen Bases.
Authors: HARRISON P. G. , BEGLEY M. J. , KIKABHAI T. , KILLER F.
Published: May 2016

In the presence of atmospheric moisture, NEt3, NHEQ, and 1,5‐diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non‐5‐ene promote the hydrolysis of Zn(II) bis(dithiophosphates).(I), prepared by exothermic reaction of ZnO and 0,0′‐dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid, to the corresponding tetranuclear p4‐Ocompounds (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, and Structural Studies of Dimethylthallium (III) Complexes Containing Heterocyclic Nitrogen‐donor Ligands, Including ′TlC2N3O2′ and ′TlC2O6′ Geometries.
Authors: CANTY A. J. , MILLS K. , SKELTON B. W. , WHITE A. H.
Published: May 2016

T′he nitrate complexes (I)‐(IV) (yield 28‐37%) were obtained on reaction of [Me2Tl]NO3 with an equimolar quantity of ligand in acetone.
ChemInform Abstract: A Transition Metal Atom as a Building Block of a Cyclic Phosphazene ‐ Synthesis and Structure of Cl3WN3(PPh2)2 .
Authors: ROESKY H. W. , KATTI K. V. , SESEKE U. , WITT M. , EGERT E. , HERBST R. , SHELDRICK G. M.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (III) is prepared by 1 :l molar reaction as shown and characterized by mass and 31P NMR spectra, and X‐ ray structural analysis (space group PI, Z=2).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of the Novel Hydridocarbonyl Cluster [NEt4][Re4(μ‐H)5(CO)14].
Authors: BERINGHELLI T. , CIANI G. , D'ALFONSO G. , DE MALDE V. , SIRONI A. , FRENI M.
Published: May 2016

The reaction between (I) and (II) affords the novel 62‐electron hydridocarbonyl Cluster (III), which contains an unusual unsupported butterfly metal atom geometry without bridging ligands between the wing tips.
ChemInform Abstract: Quadridentate versus Quinquedentate Co‐ordination of Some N5 and N3O2 Macrocyclic Ligands and an Unusual Thermally Controlled Quintet ↔ Singlet Spin Transition in an Iron(II) Complex.
Authors: NELSON S. M. , MCILROY P. D. A. , STEVENSON C. S. , KOENIG E. + , RITTER G. , WAIGEL J.
Published: May 2016

The complexes (I) and (II) (yield 30‐45%) have been prepared by condensation of 2,6‐diacetylpyridine and the appropriate diamines in the presence of FeClz in an O2‐free solution of MeOH and H2O containing Na2S2O4 (12‐ 16h reflux).
ChemInform Abstract: Liquid Crystalline Paramagnetic Metal Complex Forming Nematic Mesophases.
Authors: GALYAMETDINOV YU. G. , ZAKIEVA D. Z. , OVCHINNIKOV I. V.
Published: May 2016

Der flüssig kristalline, paramagnetische Kupfer(II)‐Komplex (I) wird aus der entsprechenden Schiffschen Base und Kupfer(II)‐acetat hergestellt.