bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ценовой паритет калорийности
Authors: Шабанов Тимофей
Published: January 2021

В чрезвычайной ситуации государственной самоизоляции актуализируется вопросы продовольственной безопасности  ценового паритета калорийности продуктов питания. В исследовании рассмотрена и подтверждена гипотеза о существовании взаимосвязи цены с калорийностью продовольствия как ценового паритета. На основе методов эконометрики и энергетического подхода, данных Росстат за 1998-2017 гг. определены цены и калорийности по видам продовольствия. Выявлен линейный характер годового прироста цены калории при стабильном ценовом паритете. Установлены среднегодовые темпы прироста цены потреблённого продовольствия  1,77 руб./Мкал к произведённому 0,38 руб./Мкал (отношение 4,66:1), средняя цена импортной калории  1,24 USD/Мкал, экспортной 0,16 USD/Мкал (отношение 7,75:1). Импортозамещение как основное направление улучшения ценового паритета обеспечит продовольственную безопасность в чрезвычайной ситуации. In the emergency situation of the state self-isolation food security issues – caloric food price parity - are brought up to date. The level of food prices can be a kind of the regulator for planning, organizing and managing the optimal calorie intake by the population. The paper suggests the existence of a function between price and calorie content (number of calories); and the hypothesis on availability of the caloric food price parity was considered and tested. To study the hypothesis, the following objectives were developed and consistently solved: determining the prices and parity of calories produced and consumed; determination of prices and parities of exported and imported calories. Based on the econometric methods and energy approach, as well as on the Rosstat data for the period of 1990-2017 and the Russian Customs data on food product balances and its prices, the wellknown calorie standards for food products, the hypothesis of the investigation was confirmed. The linear nature of the annual increase in the price of calories at the stable price parity was defined. It was found that the average annual growth rate of the consumed food price was 1.77 rubles/Mcal to the produced 0.38 rubles/Mcal (ratio 4.66: 1), the average price of the imported calories was 1.24 USD / Mcal and that of the exported calories was 0.16 USD / Mcal ( ratio 7.75: 1). Import substitution as the main trend for improving the price parity will ensure food security in an emergency situation.
Оценка качества экономического пространства регионов Европейского Севера России
Authors: Секушина Ирина
Published: January 2021

В статье разрабатываются теоретико-методические положения оценки качества экономического пространства. Представлена авторская методика оценки качества экономического пространства, проведена ее апробация на примере регионов Европейского Севера России. В результате исследования установлено, что качество экономического пространства рассмотренных субъектов РФ имеет как ряд общих характеристик, так и некоторые отличия по показателям плотности населения, размещения экономической деятельности, а также по индикаторам связанности пространства и экономического развития территорий. The paper describes the approaches of the contemporary authors to assessing the quality of the regions economic space. The author's method for assessing the economic space quality by five blocks of indicators is presented in the paper: indicators of population density and economic activity; indicators of population distribution and economic activity; indicators of the territory economic development; indicators of connectivity and the level of transport infrastructure development; indicators of the level and quality of the population life. This method was tested by the example of the European North of Russia regions. The regions were ranked based on the rating, and the total rating for each block was compiled based on the sum of points. The Vologda oblast is the leader in the context of the population density and economic activity, it has the highest scores on all points except for the economic activity density indicator. In terms of population distribution and economic activity three regions scored the same number of points: the republics of Karelia and Komi, as well as the Vologda oblast. The leader of the rating in the sense of the territories economic development is the Murmansk region, which has the best results in the matter of investments in fixed assets and paid services. From the viewpoint of connectivity and the level of transport communication, the highest quality of economic space is in the Vologda region, and the lowest one is in the Republic of Komi. As regards the level and quality of the population life, the Murmansk region tops the list, and the Republic of Karelia closes the rating. The results of the study can be useful for public authorities in finding and identifying effective methods and tools to create a highquality economic space.
Стойкие органические загрязняющие вещества (СОЗ) в организме жителей прибрежных районов Дальнего Востока России
Authors: Цыганков В.Ю. , Донец М.М. , Гумовская Ю.П. , Гумовский А.Н. , Коваль И.П. , Христофорова Н.К. , Кику П.Ф. , Усов В.В. , Боярова М.Д.
Published: January 2021

Национальные программы мониторинга стойких органических загрязняющих веществ (СОЗ) в организме человека осуществляются в разных странах. В настоящее время в России мониторинг проводится в отдельных регионах. По Дальнему Востоку России опубликованы только предварительные данные о накоплении СОЗ в организме человека. В главе показаны результаты исследования содержания СОЗ в крови и грудном молоке жителей Дальнего Востока России. Ключевые слова: СОЗ; биомониторинг; кровь; грудное молоко; жители Дальнего Востока.
Presentación. Apuntes para una antropología del nomadismo
Authors: Katzer Leticia
Published: January 2021

Por mucho tiempo la consideración del nomadismo como una etapa obligada en el proceso evolutivo de todo pueblo ha sido un axioma de ley indiscutido. Bajo este principio el nomadismo y la vida sedentaria fueron clasificados como dos momentos de la evolución histórica y dos grados distintos de madurez cultural. Este axioma se apoyaba a su vez en un determinismo geográfico, económico y ecológico que despojaba al devenir nómade de agentividad histórica y política. Esta tesis que parecía irrefutable, comienza a cuestionarse desde los años 1950 desde diferentes ámbitos disciplinarios, antropológicos, geográficos y filosóficos, aunque sin demasiado eco. Uno de los pioneros fue Manuel de Terán (1952) afirmando que el nomadismo «no es un mero vagar de pastizal en pastizal sin actuación histórica», que no responde sólo a la necesidad, sino que el nómade tiene agentividad histórica…
Cartografías de la diáspora femenina de una nación indígena, apuntes sobre el nomadismo de mujeres nasa
Authors: Galeano Sánchez Katherine
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo nos centramos en las experiencias de las mujeres indígenas migrantes del pueblo nasa, quienes, al cruzar fronteras, han construido comunidades válidas y un territorio diaspórico en la ciudad de Bogotá. Abordamos tres asuntos en particular, por un lado, la relación entre la visión política de una nación indígena con diversidades internas y su ethos migratorio. Seguido de ello, encaramos en particular la migración femenina nasa como dinámicas espectrales que brindan una ruptura de los procesos de construcción de la diferencia como otrerización, como lo fueron los estudios sobre el parentesco, y la división sexual del trabajo. Finalmente analizamos la construcción del espacio de diáspora de las mujeres nasa, y las particularidades en las que disputan el isomorfismo entre locación e identidad étnica que subyace en la comunalización jurídico-política otrerizada. Centrarnos en las experiencias de las mujeres nasa de la diáspora nos ha permitido develar algunas lógicas espectrales que se escondían en los estudios que dieran fundamento a una identidad étnica inamovible como cimiento del reconocimiento étnico estatal y jurídico en Colombia.
Evaluation of harvesting time and standardization of distillation duration for higher essential oil content and quality in German chamomile (Chamomilla recutita L.)
Authors: Kumar D. , Suryavanshi P. , Padalia R. C. , Chauhan A. , Venkatesha K. T. , Tiwari A. K. , Singh V. R. , Singh S. , Upadhyay R. K.
Published: January 2021

Essential oil yield and composition in aromatic crops might be affected by genetic, agronomical and environmental factors but till date there is no clear information about the harvesting time and distillation for higher essential oil content without affecting quality. The current study was carried out to evaluate harvesting of chamomile flowers without herb and with herb part at three different times (6 A.M., 12 P.M. and 6 P.M.) and four distillation treatments (3 h, 4 h, 5 h & 6 h) for dried chamomile flowers. Results indicated that essential oil content was more in chamomile flowers without herb (0.15-0.18%) as compared to flowers with herb (0.06-0.09%). Essential oil content in chamomile flowers without herb was found statistically at par at harvest time of 12 P.M. (0.18%) and 6 P.M. (0.18%) and significantly higher than harvesting time of 6 A.M. (0.15%). Essential oil of chamomile flowers without herb contained maximum α-bisabolol oxide-B, (Z)-spiroether, and chamazulene at 12 P.M. and 6 P.M. while, α-bisabolone oxide-A and α-bisabolol oxide-A were maximum at 6 A.M. and (E)-β-farnesene was more at 12 P.M. Similarly, in distillation experiment, higher oil content was observed in chamomile dried flowers which were hydro-distilled for 6 h (1.20%) compared to other hydro-distillation durations. Marker compounds i.e. α-bisabolol oxide-A, α-bisabolone oxide-A, α-bisabolol oxide-B, (E)-β-farnesene and chamazulene were more at 5 h and 6 h distillation duration while (Z)-spiroether was more at 3 h distillation duration. The present study showed that in order to obtain higher essential oil, flowers without herb harvested at 12 P.M or 6 P.M. should be subjected to 5-6 h hydro-distillation.
Spice bioactives in edible packaging
Authors: Ravi K. , Goyal K. , Priyadarshi S. , Naidu M. M
Published: January 2021

Edible packaging received significant attention in recent years. The main advantage of edible packaging over synthetic packaging is that they are environment friendly. The material used in edible packaging (lipids, polysaccharides, proteins) is generally recognized as safe and it acts as a barrier to gases, light and moisture. Spices have been traditionally used for its medicinal value. Spice extract or its essential oil possesses various bioactive compounds which are known for their antioxidant and antimicrobial property. Incorporation of spice extract or its essential oil into edible packaging exerts antimicrobial activity against the food pathogens thus preventing food spoilage and enhances the shelf-life and also increases the nutritional value of the final product. Antioxidant properties of spices retard the lipid oxidation. Dietary allergy and intolerance are also associated with packaging material and spices. Because of the high cost of film-forming material, scaling-up of edible packaging has remained a problem.
POTENSI KEBERHASILAN KULIT UDANG SEBAGAI BAHAN DASAR POLIMER KITOSAN: STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Setiati Rini , Siregar Septoratno , Wahyuningrum Deana , Fathaddin M. Taufik
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari potensi yang dimiliki oleh kulit udang sebagai bahan baku polimer kitosan.  Penelitian ini diawali dengan proses pemisalahan kulit udang kitin dan proses kitin menjadi kitosan serta menguji karakteristiknya. Kulit udang dapat diolah menjadi kitosan karena kandungan kitin yang terdapat di dalamnya.  Kitin merupakan bahan organik utama terdapat pada kelompok hewan crustacea, insekta, fungi, mollusca dan arthropoda. Cangkang kepiting, udang dan lobster juga merupakan sumber bahan dasar produksi kitin karena kandungan kitinnya cukup tinggi. Kitin merupakan biopolimer alam paling melimpah kedua setelah selulosa yang tidak beracun dan diproduksi dari limbah kulit udang. Kitosan diolah dari kulit udang melalui proses deproteinasi, demineralisasi dan deasetilasi. Reagen yang digunakan adalah NaOH dan KOH. Kemudian kitosan diuji sifat fisiknya melalui uji kadar air, kadar abu, kadar nitrogen, viskositas, derajat deasetilasi, analisis gugus fungsi dengan spektroskopi IR dan kristalinitas dengan difraksi sinar X. Sifat fisik kitosan dilihat dari bentuk fisik, analisis gugus fungsi dan kristalinitas. Potensi penerapan kitosan, sebagai turunan kitin yang terdeasetilasi, bersifat multidimensi, seperti dalam makanan dan gizi, bioteknologi, ilmu material, obat-obatan dan farmasi, pertanian dan perlindungan lingkungan. Isolasi kitin dari kulit udang dan sintesanya menjadi kitosan, menjadikan kulit udang lebih barmanfaat untuk bidang-bidang lain. Kulit udang yang diolah menjadi kitosan polimer dapat berpotensi untuk digunakan dalam bidang Enhanced Oil Recovery sebagai fluida injeksi kimiawi dalam upaya menaikkan produksi minyak.
PROBLEM ISSUES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE UKRAINE INSURANCE MARKET AND FEATURES OF ITS PRUDENTIAL REGULATION
Authors:   Chernihiv National University of Technology, Marhasova V. G. , Kovalenko D.P. ,   Optical and Mechanical College at Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University
Published: January 2021

Urgency of the research. The Ukraine insurance market shows a decrease in the dynamics of development, so the search for the latest forms and methods to stimulate the efficiency of domestic insurance companies is important and timely. A comprehensive analysis of the performance of insurers of Ukraine is necessary to develop proposals to improve the efficiency of the insurance market. Target setting. In recent years, the development of the national insurance market has been characterized by a number of destabilizing factors: economic and political instability, declining effective demand for insurance services, low public confidence, expectations of a financial crisis in the country and the world. Thus, the study of the main trends in the insurance market and the problems of its prudential regulation is of great practical importance. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Theoretical and applied aspects of the insurance market are represented by scientific works of such famous scientists as L. Alekseenko, V. Bazylevych, K. Bazylevych, V. Vyhovska, K. Vobly, O. Gamankova, O. Zhuravka, A. Yermoshenko, O. Kozmenko, V. S. Osadets, N. Tkachenko, V. Furman, V. Shakhov, T. Yavorska, etc. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Systematic research is needed to ensure effective prudential regulation as an effective mechanism for influencing the performance of insurance companies. The research objective. Analysis of the state of the Ukraine insurance market will identify the main problems that slow down its development and outline possible ways to solve them. The statement of basic materials. This article analyzes the state and trends of the Ukraine insurance market. It is established that the activity of insurance companies of the country does not meet the needs of the national economy. Conclusions. Proposals to increase the efficiency of the domestic insurance market have been developed, in particular: the need to modernize approaches to ensuring the protection of their customers through the creation of an effective system of control over compliance with solvency standards by insurance companies.
EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE IN REGULATING INTER-BUDGETARY RELATIONS AND THE POSSIBILITY OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Chernihiv National University of Tehnology, Ahafoshyna Maryna Petrivna
Published: January 2021

Urgency of the research. In the context of European integration, the modernization of the state, the formation of an effective and efficient system of public administration, capable of implementing systematic and consistent solutions, acquire special importance. Target setting. Lack of a universal standard for streamlining inter-budgetary relations, which could be implemented in full and without changes for Ukraine. Based on this, it is important to consider the existing models of local self-government, the experience gained and the problematic issues of European states in this direction, in order to implement the best practices of inter-budgetary relations in Ukraine. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Theoretical and practical aspects of the functioning of inter-budgetary relations were studied by the following scientists: Butko М. P., Geiets V. М., Danylenko А. І., Danylyshyn B. М., Ilchuk V. P., Shkarlet S. М., Shults S. L., Kasych A. O., etc. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The distribution of powers in inter-budgetary relations, the transfer of funds to the budgets of another level in Ukraine proved the suboptimal nature of the current model of transfers and necessitated a change in the mechanism of their provision to increase efficiency. The research objective. Research of the European experience of streamlining inter-budgetary relations and assessment of the possibility of its adaptation to the domestic practice of public administration The statement of basic materials. This article analyzes the current practice of organizing internal inter-budgetary financial relations, considers the basic concepts and models in developed foreign countries. Conclusions. It is analyzed that in a democratic society the territorial organization of power can be based only on the obligatory use of local self-government, proposals to improve inter-budgetary relations in Ukraine, based on European experience have been developed.
Apología de Dioniso: Dionysus in '69 (Brian De Palma / Richard Schechner, 1970), The Bacchae (Brad Mays, 2002) y V for Vendetta (James McTeigue, 2005)
Authors:   Universidad de La Rioja (España), Caballero López José Antonio
Published: January 2021

Dionysus is a singularly strange and enigmatic divinity. The myths that relate his birth from the thigh of Zeus, his upbringing among the Hyades nymphs, his victorious campaigns, his love affairs with Ariadne, his entourage of panthers, satyrs and bacchantes… have formed a complex saga that has made him the god of "enthusiasm", of transgression, of transformation,a kind of meta-symbol of the darkest and most irrational part of human nature. The presence of Dionysus is verified throughout our cultural history. In our paper we study three films basing their story on the myths and mythemes of the god of wine: Dionysus in '69 (Brian De Palma / Richard Schechner, 1970), The Bacchae (Brad Mays, 2002) and V for Vendetta (James McTeigue, 2005).
Las fuentes de la astrología durante el Renacimiento: algunas consideraciones
Authors:   Universidad de Málaga (España), Macías Villalobos Cristóbal , Macías Fuentes Delia ,   Universidad de Málaga (España)
Published: January 2021

During the Renaissance period, the recovery of the main texts of ancient astrology, particularly Ptolemy, made possible a movement to reform pseudoscience that sought to eliminate allelements of medieval origin, linked to Arabic astrology. However this target was not achieved, motivated by limitations in Ptolemaic doctrines. In this paper we will analyze some of the main sources from which astrological practice was nurtured mainly during the 15th and 16th centuries, and in what way they contributed to shaping the astrological art of that time.
Μυθολογικές μορφές στα νομίσματα της Πολυρρήνιας και της Φαλάσαρνας, δύο όμορων αρχαίων πόλεων της Δυτικής Κρήτης
Authors:   Universidad de Creta (Grecia), Marinakis Emmanouil
Published: January 2021

Polyrrhenia and Phalasarna were both the most powerful ancient towns in the western part of Crete. The first was built on the mainland, whereas the second was a harbour town. The major political, military and economic growth for both towns maintained from the 4th century BC onwards, when their coinage flourished too, as it is also attested to other Cretan towns. Polyrrhenia had used various coin types, in silver and bronze, for a long period of time (4th - 1st century BC.), having as prominent deities, Zeus, Artemis, Hera and Apollo. On the other hand, Phalasarna retains the same coin types in silver (Head of female goddess / Trident, as symbol of Poseidon and of maritime power) for a shorter period (4th - 3rd century BC). The relief from the sanctuary of Dictynna is a very important document, because it depicts the two patron goddesses respectively. They are presented full-bodied and standing, accompanied with their symbols, in a gesture of handshaking, as a sign of the alliance between the two cities.
Γυάλινο ανάγλυφο κύπελλο από την Κίσαμο, ΒΔ Κρήτη
Authors:   Ministerio de Cultura (Grecia), Σκόρδου Μαρία
Published: January 2021

Our knowledge of the Roman city and necropolis of Kissamos was enriched, on occasion of a project carried out under the supervision of the Ephorate of Antiquities of Chania, in 2015.In the west cemetery of ancient Kissamos, a new family rock-cut chamber tomb came to light. The rectangular subterranean chamber of a trapezoidal vertical section with a roof opening, received multiple burials. The offerings, included several mainly glass unguentaria, clay vessels, bone objects, beads and gold sheets, demonstrate the long use of this family grave, from the 1st c.A.D. to the 3rd c. A.D. Of particular interest is an imported mold-blown glass drinking vessel of luxury ware. It is an inscribed cylindrical beaker of the 1st c. AD, bearing the Greek inscription “ΛΑΒΕ ΤΗΝ ΝΕΙΚΗΝ(incorrect orthography for “CATCH THE VICTORY”).
La Biblia sobre el tejado. En torno a los textos bíblicos inscritos en tegulae y lateres
Authors:   Universidad de Barcelona (España), Velaza Javier
Published: January 2021

This paper reviews the inscriptions made on tegulae or lateres with biblical texts and analyzes their function. Contrary to what has often been thought, these are not funeral inscriptions but rather apotropaic or consecratory..
Who Painted the Tomb of Sennedjem?
Authors:   Universidad San Dámaso (España), Menéndez Gema
Published: January 2021

The tomb of Sennedjem is one of the best known at Deir el-Medina. Its good state of preservation and the care given by the painter in the decoration of the monument has allowed it to go down in history. However, few have discussed the author due to a lack of evidence. In this article, a hypothesis about the artists of the burial chamber is proposed and the traces that have led to them.
Patriotismus in der Familie: Wert oder Identität
Authors: Celary Ireneusz Andrzej , Przybyłowski Jan
Published: January 2021

Der Artikel beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema Patriotismus in polnischen Einwandererfamilien im Kontext soziokultureller Verhältnisse in Deutschland. Ziel der Studie war es, den in Familien kultivierten Patriotismus kennenzulernen und die Frage zu beantworten: Handelt es sich um einen Wert, der die Wahrung der nationalen Identität ermöglicht? In dem Artikel verwendete man die Ergebnisse einer soziologischen Studie (Umfrage), die bei der polnischen Mission in Deutschland durchgeführt wurde. Das zusammengetragene bibliografische Material wurde für die kritische Analyse der Studie verwendet.

Basierend auf den Forschungsergebnissen stellt man fest, dass der polnische Patriotismus, der von der deutschen Sozialkultur und Religion unter Berücksichtigung der herkömmlichen Umstände verifiziert wurde, bewahrt seine Authentizität und schützt vor nationalistischen Einstellungen. Daher bleibt der Zusammenschluss von Glauben und Polentum tief im polnischen Patriotismus verwurzelt, das authentische und universelle Erbe, das in polnischen Familien an nachfolgende Generationen weitergegeben wurde, vertretend. Aufgrund der durchgeführten Untersuchungen lässt sich bestätigen, dass Patriotismus in polnischen Familien in Deutschland gepflegt wird. Patriotismus sollte vor allem in der Familie eingeimpft werden, deswegen sollten Eltern die religiösen (Glaubenserziehung) und nationalen Traditionen (polnische Bräuche und Kultur) verbinden.
Canopy volume and application rate interaction on spray deposition for different phenological stages of coffee crop
Authors: Cassemiro Alves Thales , Paulo Arantes Rodrigues Cunha João , Sousa Alves Guilherme , Macedo Silva Sérgio , Miranda Lemes Ernane
Published: January 2021

Coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) present dense foliage that obstruct the entering of pesticides inside the plant canopy uniformly. Adjust the application rate concerning the plant canopy volume can be a way to make the pesticide applications more efficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the deposition of spray solution on coffee leaves with different volumes of plant canopy and different application rates; additionally, to determine the specific volume indexes for different coffee phenological stages. The studies of coffee leaf deposition were performed on commercial fields of C. arabica - Topázio MG 1190 and Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 cultivars, in different months. Three volumes of vegetation ranging from 8.572 to 16.200 m3 ha-1 - obtained from the calculation of tree-row volume (TRV) performed in 20 plants - and five application rates (200, 300, 400, 600 and 800 L ha-1) and in each phenological stage (maturation, post-harvest, grain filling) were evaluated in a randomized block design with five replications. A bright blue marker was added to the spray solution to be detected by spectrophotometry in order to study the spray deposition and losses to the soil. After the treatment applications, ten coffee leaves corresponding to the 1st pair of leaf from an orthotropic branch of each third of the coffee plant (upper, middle, lower) were randomly collected. Petri dishes were used to evaluate the losses to the soil. The TRV and leaf density should be considered together in the definition of the application rate for coffee protection. It is also possible to reduce the application rate to values close to 200 L ha-1. The volume indexes for each coffee phenological stage were defined for proper canopy wetting and low losses to the soil.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Krim “X” Dengan Metode DPPH ((1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryl-Hidrazyl)
Authors: Qonitah Fadilah
Published: January 2021

Produk kosmetik yang mengandung bahan alam sebagai antioksidan semakin banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat. Salah satunya produk kosmetik Krim “X” yang mengandung ekstrak temulawak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan Krim”X”. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Hasil analisia kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa Krim “X” mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan ditandai dengan memudarnya warna ungu pada larutan DPPH 0,4 mM menjadi warna kuning. Sedangkan secara Analisa kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa krim “X” mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan sangat lemah dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 969,65 ± 23,27 ppm.
Structure of Clinical Forms and Etiology of Uveitis in Children of the Khabarovsk Krai
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk Branch, Sergeeva A.V. , Sorokin E.L. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk Branch,   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Kolenko O.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Khabarovsk Branch,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk
Published: January 2021

Purpose. Evaluation of the clinical and etiological structure of endogenous uveitis in children, the effectiveness of its etiological diagnosis. Material and Methods. 34 children (42 eyes) with endogenous uveitis aged 3 to 16 years: 31 children (37 eyes) have anterior uveitis, 2 (4 eyes) have intermediate uveitis, and one (1 eye) have posterior uveitis. The unilateral uveitis was observed in 26 children (76%), bilateral – in 8 children (24%). Clinically, 15 children were diagnosed with acute uveitis for the first time, 3 with exacerbation of the chronic course of eye inflammation, and 16 with a relapse of disease after prolonged remission. Ophthalmological examination, clinical and laboratory diagnostics were carried out, including immunological tests and consultations with medical subspecialists. Results. Among all examined children, 6 had uveitis without symptoms. The accompanying juvenile idiopathic arthritis was detected in 15 children with anterior uveitis, 6 had HLA-B27, 2 had an association with herpes simplex virus infection, one had systemic scleroderma, one had acute purulent unilateral sinusitis, and 6 were unable to identify etiology. Two children with intermediate uveitis had bilateral lesions; the etiological factor was the activation of herpes simplex virus. One child had acute central focal chorioretinitis of tuberculosis etiology. When an etiological factor was identified, children had etiotropic therapy along with pathogenetic. In all cases, clinical manifestations of uveitis were completely stop. Conclusion. Newly identified anterior uveitis with acute course occurred in 44% children, 9% had chronic course and 47% had the relapse after prolonged remission. The frequency of exacerbations in 12 children was up to 2 times a year and in 4 children it was more than 2 times a year. The course of anterior uveitis of mild and moderate severity occurred in 29 children and severe in 2 children. Intermediate uveitis in 2 children had moderate severity, posterior uveitis in one child had severe course. Key words: endogenous uveitis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Children
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Children‘s Clinical Hospital, Diskalenko O.V. , Konikova O.A. ,   Saint Petersburg Children‘s Clinical Hospital,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Brzheskiy V.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University
Published: January 2021

Purpose. To study the etiological structure of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, the efficacy and outcomes of its surgical treatment in pediatric practice. Material and Methods. A retrospective series of cases in one vitreoretinal center in 2015–2019 was presented. The age of the children with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (57 patients / 66 eyes) was from 0 to 18. Surgical treatment included vitreoretinal and scleral buckling techniques. Results. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in 30.3% of cases developed against the background of ROP, in 24.2% – against the background of Stickler‘s syndrome, in 12.1% – against the background of myopia, in 12.1% – against the background of trauma, and in 21.3 % – against the background of other reasons. On average, the anatomical treatment efficacy was 77.4%. The leading factors of an unfavorable outcome of treatment were the duration of presence of retinal detachment (OR 21.44; CI 3.76– 122.16) and 3–5 stages ROP (OR 2.56; CI 0.76–8.44). Visual acuity exceeding the blindness threshold (Vis > 0.02) was maintained or achieved in 72% of cases. Conclusions. The specificity of the clinical course and adherence to surgical treatment of children with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is determined by its etiology. Key words: retinal detachment in children, Stickler syndrome, retinopathy of prematurity, scleral buckling, vitreoretinal surgery.
Measurement of the Transverse Size of the Eyeball by B-Scanning Using a Linear Probe
Authors:   «Yasny Vzor» Centre for the Protection of Eyesight for Children and Adolescents, Moscow, Aznauryan I.E. , Shpak A.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Balasanyan V.O. ,   «Yasny Vzor» Centre for the Protection of Eyesight for Children and Adolescents, Moscow, Uzuev M.I. ,   «Yasny Vzor» Centre for the Protection of Eyesight for Children and Adolescents, Moscow, Kudryashova E.A. ,   «Yasny Vzor» Centre for the Protection of Eyesight for Children and Adolescents, Moscow
Published: January 2021

Purpose. To evaluate the feasibility of measuring the transverse size of the eyeball by B-scan with a linear probe in patients with horizontal strabismus. Material and Methods. The study included 56 children (56 eyes) aged 2 to 15 years with previously not operated horizontal strabismus. Two independent operators used B-scan method to measure the axial length (for comparison with A-scan data) and the transverse size of the eyeball according to the proposed method. The accuracy of measurements was estimated by calculating the reproducibility limit, and indirectly by the forecast accuracy of the software system STRABO, which used the obtained values of the transverse size of the eyeball for individual dosing operations. Results. The B-scan technique was developed for measuring the transverse size of the eyeball using a contact linear probe. The measurement reproducibility limit was 0.22 mm (95% confidence interval is 0.18–0.25 mm), which does not exceed 1% of the average transverse size of the eyeball (22.03 mm). The results of the operations confirmed the accuracy of the prediction by the software system STRABO, since the correct eye position was obtained within 6 months in all cases, excluding 4 patients in whom the second stage of the surgery was postponed. That gave an indirect confirmation of the measurement accuracy of the transverse size of the eyeball using the proposed technique. Conclusion. The proposed ultrasound B-scan technique with a linear contact probe provides high accuracy and reproducibility of measurements of the transverse size of the eyeball and can be used in pediatric ophthalmological practice for calculating surgical procedures for strabismus using the individual dosing software system STRABO. Key words: transverse size of the eyeball, axial length, ultrasound B-scan, linear probe, horizontal strabismus, dosing.
THE ROLE OF INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF SEPSIS PROGRESSION
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Yakubtsevich R. E. , Lemesh A. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2021

Background. Sepsis is a global public health problem and is associated with high mortality rates in all countries. According to recent views, sepsis is defned as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by an unregulated response of the host to infection. Objective. To analyze the results of scientifc studies confrming the key role of intestinal dysbiosis in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Material and methods. A qualitative analysis of 34 Russian-language and English-language sources concerning the role of the intestinal microbiota in the onset of sepsis was carried out. Results. It has been established that intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of sepsis and its disbalance can trigger the development of sepsis of various etiologies, mainly gram-negative. Conclusions. The analysis of the literature indicates that bacterial translocation can be natural provided that the immune system functions properly. Intestinal microbiota plays one of the leading roles in the development of sepsis. The use of probiotics and transplantation of intestinal microbiota contribute greatly to the treatment and prevention of sepsis in ICU patients.
CHRONIC HEPATITIS C IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AFTER STARTING THE HCV ELIMINATION PROGRAM
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation, Dzemova A. A. ,   Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation, Ganchenko R. A. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation, Trifonova G. F. ,   Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation, Esaulenko E. V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation,   Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Background. Five years have passed since the adoption of the strategy for the elimination of viral hepatitis. It is necessary to take stock of the frst results. Objective – to assess the dynamics of the epidemic process of CHC and the clinical manifestations of the disease during the period of 2015-2019. Material and methods. The article analyzes the data from the state statistical reporting of infectious diseases in the Russian Federation (RF), from the reference-center for the monitoring of viral hepatitis, from statistical tables compiled at Methodological and Research Center for Epidemiological Surveillance of Viral Hepatitis under Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology. The data from the Federal register of patients with viral hepatitis were used. The article analyzes our own experience of observing 555 patients with HCV at different stages of the disease. Results. In 2015–2019, CHC incidence in the RF decreased by 20% (30,90/0000- in 2019, 38,00/0000– in 2015). The total number of people with CHC is increasing (in 2015 – 562 622 people, in 2019 – 635372). It is estimated that only 20% of those infected are under surveillance. The death rate from CHC remains high. The proportion of patients with an advanced stage of CHC is about 20%. The proportion of decompensated cirrhosis decreased by 8%. In recent years, government funding for the treatment has increased, but only about 8% of all registered CHC patients are covered by the therapy. Conclusions. In the RF the WHO strategy targets have not been achieved by 2020. That’s why it’s important to develop a strategy to counter the spread of HCV for the period up to 2030.
Hetero-helicenes Synthesis Through 1,3-Dipolar-Cycloaddition of Sydnones with Arynes: Synthesis, Origins of Selectivity and Application to pH Triggered Chiroptical Switch with CPL-sign Reversal
Authors: Yen-Pon Expédite , Buttard Floris , Frédéric Lucas , Thuéry Pierre , Taran Frédéric , Pieters Grégory , Champagne Pier Alexandre , Audisio Davide
Published: January 2021

The regioselective access to hetero-helicenes through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of sydnones with arynes is described. Novel access to sydnones and poly-(hetero)aromatic aryne precursors allowed the introduction of chemical diversity over multiple positions of the helical scaffolds. The origins of the unconventional regioselectivity during the cycloaddition steps was systematically investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, unveiling the key features which control this reactivity, namely face-to-face (π…π) or edge-to-face (C-H…π) interactions, primary orbital interactions and distortion from coplanarity in the transition structures (TSs) of the transformation. From the library of 24 derivatives synthesized, a pyridyl containing derivative displayed reversible, red-shifted, pH triggered chiroptical switching properties, with CPL-sign reversal. It is found that protonation of the helicene causes a change of the angle between the electric and magnetic dipole moments related to the S1 → S0 transition, resulting in this rare case of reversible CPL sign inversion upon application of an external stimulus.
Site-Fixed Hydroboration of Alkenes under Metal-Free Conditions: Scope and Mechanistic Studies
Authors: Li Sida , Hu Chenyang , Cui Xin , Liu Liu Leo , Wu Lipeng
Published: January 2021

An unprecedented and general metal-free hydroboration of alkenes with BBr3 as the boration reagent in the presence of iPr2NEt is reported. The addition of iPr2NEt not only suppresses alkene oligomerization and bromoboration side reactions, but also provides a proton source for hydroboration. More importantly, the site-fixed installation of a boryl group at the original position of the internal double-bond is easily achieved using our strategy as compared with traditional transition-metal-catalyzed hydroboration processes. Preliminary studies on the mechanism revealed a distinct reaction pathway that involves radical species and may operate through frustrated-Lewispair-type single-electron transfer.
Resorcin[4]arene-Based Multidentate Phosphate Ligands with Superior Binding Affinity for Nanocrystal Surfaces
Authors: Nemat Suren J. , Deblock Loren , Van den Eynden Dietger , Heilmann Michael , Köster Jesper , Tiefenbacher Konrad , De Roo Jonathan
Published: January 2021

We designed and synthesized two resorcin[4]arene scaffolds with four phosphoric acid binding groups. The ligands effectively bind in at least a tridentate fashion. The superior binding affinity is demonstrated using solution NMR spectroscopy and exceeds that of phosphonic acids.
CHURCH DIPLOMACY AND THE VISIT OF PATRIARCH ALEXY (SIMANSKY) TO THE HOLY LAND IN 1945
Authors: Каиль Максим Владимирович
Published: January 2021

Статья посвящена реконструкции истории избрания на патриарший престол, а затем организации визита в Святую Землю для посещения патриархов Православного Востока избранного патриарха Алексия (Симанского). Поездка отражала ключевой вектор государственно-церковного взаимодействия, принятый в 1943 г., - дипломатический. Советское правительство ставило перед легализованными структурами Московского Патриархата задачу расширения присутствия и влияния в международной повестке, в межцерковных связях. Первым шагом в реализации этой повестки стал масштабный визит патриарха на Православный Восток, организованный Советским правительством. Он формировал прецедент и практику дальнейших дипломатических действий Московского Патриархата на международной арене и нуждается в научной актуализации и тщательном изучении.

The article is devoted to the reconstruction of the history of the election to the Patriarchal throne, and then the organization of a visit to the Holy Land for visiting patriarchs of the Orthodox East of the elected Patriarch Alexy (Simansky). The trip reflected the key vector of state-Church interaction adopted in 1943 - the diplomatic one. The Soviet government set the legalized structures of the Moscow Patriarchate the task of expanding their presence and influence on the international agenda and in inter-Church relations. The first step in implementing this agenda was a largescale visit of the Patriarch to the Orthodox East, organized by the Soviet government. It formed a precedent and practice for further diplomatic actions of the Moscow Patriarchate in the international arena and needs scientific updating and careful study.
FEATURES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE IN MILITARY UNITS
Authors: Черепанов Александр Сергеевич , Митасова Елена Владимировна , Некрасова Екатерина Александровна
Published: January 2021

Отражены результаты изучения особенностей оказания психологической помощи в воинских частях ВС РФ. Рассмотрены понятия: инициатор психологической помощи; направленность психокоррекционной работы с военнослужащими; продолжительность работы и продолжительность одной встречи с военнослужащим; объем психологической помощи, оказываемой в нерабочее время.

The article presents the results of studying the peculiarities of psychological assistance in the Armed forces of the Russian Federation: who initiators of psychological assistance; directions of work on psychological correction of serviceman; duration of work and duration of one session with one serviceman; amount of psychological assistance provided during non-working hours.
An Analysis of the Effect Compensation towards Employee Performance and Work Satisfaction of Employees of PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia tbk.
Authors: Yusril Basso , Alam Syamsu , Pono Maat
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of compensation on employee performance and work satisfaction at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk., Makassar Branch.

The analytical method used is path analysis. Samples in this study were all amounting to 90 permanent employees of the company of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia ( Persero ) Makassar Branch Office, Then, the size of the samples that can represent the population to be examined was 83 respondents with the t-test as a research hypothesis test.

Based on the results of the research which have been done, it can be known partially that the independent variables, namely compensation, has a positive effect on employee performance and job satisfaction, the research results also prove that there is a positive influence of compensation on job satisfaction and employee performance of the employees of PT.Bank Rakyat Indonesia Persero Makassar Branch Office.
Population of the north Caucasus in the present stage: indicators of regional differentiation
Authors: Minenkova Vera V. , Kazalieva Anna V.
Published: January 2021

Based on the collected statistical material, the analysis of population changes in the North Caucasus regions since the last allRussian population census until 2018 was conducted. The article considers the main factors of the current population reproduction, and trends in the dynamics of the population in the North Caucasus were set. Based on the obtained data, the subjects of the North Caucasus are divided into two categories. The first are Russian-speaking regions where the absolute population growth is observed due to a positive migration balance that covers the natural decline of the population. The other category includes mainly national republics with a high natural growth that covers a significant migration outflow of the population. Despite the favorable demographic situation in the region under study, there is a trend towards the end of the demographic boom that is typical of the entire North Caucasus region. In general, there is a stabilization of the birth rate and natural growth, and a decrease in the intensity of migration movements.
Appendix. Geographic expansion and intensification of coffee-growing in Costa Rica during the Green Revolution (1950-89): Drivers and outcomes
Authors: Montero Andrea , Badia-Miró Marc , Tello Enric
Published: January 2021

Appendix (annex 2 and 3) to the article: Geographic expansion and intensification of coffee-growing in Costa Rica during the Green Revolution (1950-89): Drivers and outcomes.
Cable Vibrations in Cable-Stayed Bridges
Authors: de Sá Caetano Elsa
Published: January 2021

The fifty years of experience of construction of cable-stayed
bridges since their establishment as a new category among
the classical types have brought an immense progress,
ranging from design and conception to materials, analysis,
construction, observation and retrofitting. The growing
construction of cable-stayed bridges has also triggered
researchers’ and designers’ attention to the problem of cable
vibrations. Intensive research has been developed all over the
world during the last two decades as a consequence of the
numerous cases of cable vibrations exhibited by all types of
cable-stayed bridges.
Despite the increased knowledge of the various vibration
phenomena, most of the outcomes and research results
have been published in journals and conference proceedings
and scarce information is currently provided by the existing
recommendations and codes.

The present book provides a comprehensive survey on the
governing phenomena of cable vibration, both associated with
direct action of wind and rain: buffeting, vortex-shedding,
wake effects, rain-wind vibration; and resulting from the
indirect excitation through anchorage oscillation: external and
parametric excitation. Methodologies for assessment of the
effects of those phenomena are presented and illustrated
by practical examples. Control of cable vibrations is then
discussed and state-of-art results on the design of passive
control devices are presented.

The book is complemented with a series of case reports
reflecting the practical approach shared by experienced
designers and consultants: Yves Bournand (VSL International),
Chris Geurts (TNO), Carl Hansvold (Johs. Holt), Allan
Larsen (Cowi) and Randall Poston (WDP & Associates).