bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financial relaxation of Islamic rural banks and private schools resilience during COVID-19
Authors: Riduwan Riduwan , Nuryana Zalik , Wahyudi Rofiul , Suyadi Suyadi , Handayani Lina
Published: December 2023

The pandemic of COVID-19 has increased tensions between Islamic rural banks and private schools. Many parents lose their jobs and are thus unable to pay their children’s school tuition. Private schools, on the other hand, are heavily reliant on tuition and bank financing. As a result, student enrollment falls, school finances suffer a deficit, many parents and students lose trust in the school, and some students may wish to drop out. This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of financial relaxation on schools’ resilience. It was qualitative research with a case study approach focusing on the causal relationship of an Islamic rural banks with a private school affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in Muhammadiyah 1 Yogyakarta Vocational High School and Islamic rural banks’ Bangun Drajat Warga (BDW). The research finding reveals that BDW Islamic rural banks has implemented financing relaxation three times to ease the school’s burden and it has resulted in an improvement in the school’s resilience by as much as 33%. Besides, due to the high ideological commitment and adaptability of Muhammadiyah 1 Yogyakarta Vocational High School as well as the success of gaining parents’ trust regarding online teaching and learning, there has been an increase in the school tuition by as much as 80%. Although though the COVID-19 epidemic is coming to an end, it is still important to study the financial flexibility of Islamic rural banks and private schools in similar crises in the past to better prepare for the future.
Structural equation modelling: validation of career readiness model using psychological constructs
Authors: Kamarudin Norazwa Yeop , Kosnin Azlina Mohd , Handayani Lina , Mamat Che Rozid
Published: December 2023

The career readiness model is needed as a reference source for relevant parties, especially universities, to implement various career development and interventions initiatives. This study was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of personality, career efficacy, career readiness skills along with indicators using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling in forming a career readiness model. Results show that each construct achieved good reliability and validity through composite reliability (CR) readings recorded between 0.78 and 0.92 to measure internal consistency reliability, while convergent validity through average variance extracted (AVE) readings exceeded 0.5. The construct of this model had also achieved discriminant validity through the recorded readings of cross loading, Fornell-Larcker and HTMT confidence intervals which did not contain the value of 1. The findings also indicate that career efficacy and career readiness skills are accurate and relevant constructs for developing a career readiness model.
Inventários post-mortem: potencialidades e limitações para o estudo do casario urbano (São João del-Rei, 1800-1816)
Authors: Guimarães Marcos Vinícius Teles , Silveira Vinicius Breneer , Morais Christianni Cardoso
Published: December 2023

Este artigo demonstra as potencialidades e os limites dos inventários post-mortem enquanto documentos para a análise de aspectos da cultura material e da história urbana. Caracterizamos as moradas de casas urbanas de São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, entre 1800 e 1816 e analisamos suas descrições para identificar aspectos que contribuíam para a avaliação dos imóveis. O arcabouço documental da pesquisa foi composto por 374 inventários, os quais descreviam 219 casas. A coleta de dados foi orientada a partir de itens dos documentos que podiam conter descrições dos imóveis: lista de bens de raiz, autos de partilha e adição, além de referências a testamentos. Foram compiladas informações sobre a localização, o logradouro (área urbana ou rural), a tipologia (térrea ou de sobrado) e as partes constituintes do imóvel (cozinha, quintal, assoalho, cobertura, forro etc.). Ademais, consideramos a condição social dos proprietários e vizinhos. Concluímos que a avaliação das casas urbanas da vila de São João del-Rei levava emconta critérios arquitetônicos (cobertura de telhas, assoalhos, forros, quintais), aspectos urbanos e a condição social dos proprietários, como estar localizada em região central da vila, fazer divisa com vizinhos de grupos sociais mais ou menos elitizados ou pertencer a um potentado. Nesse sentido, sob o prisma da interdisciplinaridade, os inventários possibilitam analisar questões relacionadas à moradia e às sociabilidades estabelecidas na dinâmica urbana do século XIX.
Misdiagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis: why do we still risk animal lives?
Authors: Silva Lizandra Fernandes da , Oliveira Priscila Gomes de , Campos Amanda Noeli da Silva , Silva Vera Lúcia Dias da , Saturnino Klaus Casaro , Braga Ísis Assis , Aguiar Daniel Moura de , Ramos Dirceu Guilherme de Souza , Moreira Cecília Nunes
Published: December 2023

Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (CME) is a tick-borne disease caused by Ehrlichia canis that manifests as acute, chronic, or subclinical forms without specific clinical symptoms. This disease is diagnosed using clinical and laboratory findings (blood smears, molecular techniques, and serology). This study aimed to demonstrate the occurrence of false-positive results for Ehrlichia spp. in veterinary clinical practice. Seventy dogs with positive blood smears before treatment for Ehrlichia spp. subjected to doxycycline and imidazole treatment were analyzed using hematological examination, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and indirect immunofluorescence assay. PCR analysis identified no samples positive for E. canis according to PCR analysis, while serological techniques showed a frequency of 51.4% in dogs with antibodies (IgG) against Ehrlichia spp. There was a correlation between hyperproteinemia and titers > 10,240. Nonspecific changes occurred in 24.3% (17/70) of the patients with CME, such as anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The results indicated that the blood count and blood smear analysis were insufficient for diagnosis and that positive serological results associated with hematological changes suggestive of ehrlichiosis in dogs can be incorrectly assigned by a veterinarian, putting animals at risk.
A Política Nacional de Ciencia Abierta 2022-2031 da Colômbia: reflexões e perspectivas para o contexto brasileiro
Authors: Dann Eva Priscila Vieira , Pavão Caterina Marta Groposo , Silva Fabiano Couto Correa da
Published: December 2023

This qualitative applied study analyzed Colombia’s National Open Science Policy 2022-2031, adopted by its Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (Minciencias) through Resolution nº 0777, of August 3, 2022. A descriptive exploratory research was conducted to examine its historical antecedents, context of creation, advances and challenges for promoting Open Science in that country. Based on the Colombian example, we reflected on the existing policies that promote Open Science practices in Brazil, fostering discussions to favor building a national public policy that would serve as a guide to the initiatives and regulations in force. Brazil has the necessary capabilities and infrastructure to implement its own national Open Science policy, but needs to overcome several challenges.
Percepção de bibliotecários sobre divulgação científica em bibliotecas universitárias
Authors: Santos Nicolle Negreiros de Lima , Farias Maria Giovanna Guedes
Published: December 2023

Esta investigação objetiva compreender as percepções de bibliotecários sobre divulgação científica em bibliotecas universitárias. A investigação consiste em uma pesquisa aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa, de cunho exploratório, e o método de pesquisa utilizado é o estudo de caso. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são bibliotecários que atuam no Sistema de Bibliotecas da Universidade Federal do Ceará. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário, e os dados coletados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo com o estabelecimento de categorias. Os resultados apontam que os sujeitos da pesquisa compreendem parcialmente o conceito de divulgação científica, e necessitam de capacitação especializada para promoverem iniciativas de divulgação científica e tecnológica. Em contrapartida, as bibliotecas universitárias são consideradas qualificadas para a ampla divulgação, contudo, as ações que ocorrem nestes ambientes são, frequentemente, destinadas unicamente para a comunidade científico-acadêmica. Conclui-se que os bibliotecários, para colaborarem com a divulgação das pesquisas desenvolvidas na universidade, necessitam de qualificação específica, principalmente, para o planejamento, desenvolvimento e implementação de ações e iniciativas de divulgação científica voltadas para o público não especializado. Por fim, esta investigação propõe ações de divulgação científica e tecnológica capazes de serem desenvolvidas pelos bibliotecários nestes ambientes de informação, a exemplo do auxílio aos pesquisadores na divulgação e na adaptação/contextualização do discurso científico especializado para uma linguagem acessível para o público externo, bem como a criação de projetos de extensão que objetivem a aproximação entre a comunidade científica e a população em geral.
A contribuição da gestão do conhecimento na governança corporativa: análise do código das melhores práticas de governança corporativa do Instituto Brasileiro de Governança Corporativa
Authors: Alves Carolina Vitória de Oliveira Correia , Damian Ieda Pelógia Martins , Belluzzo Regina Célia Baptista
Published: December 2023

This paper analyzes the relationships between knowledge management and corporate governance. As corporate governance structures are, or can be, more assertive when linked to knowledge management, this exploratory documentary research will focus on the Code of Best Corporate Governance Practices developed by the Brazilian Institute of Corporate Governance, seeking to correlations between the topics presented and analyze the importance of knowledge management in developing corporate governance structures. Bibliographic search selected fundamental theoretical texts in Information Sciences and Corporate Governance to identify the theories that address the aforementioned topics and their correlation within an organizational environment. The reflections and considerations about the borderline situation between knowledge management and corporate governance point to the former as a key element for the systematic and effective development of the latter within an organization as an institution and part of the current mediatized society immersed in a global and virtual system.
Resource Description and Access para descrição de dados de autoridade: contexto para os artistas da música
Authors: Arakaki Ana Carolina Simionato , Machado Amanda Azevedo dos Santos
Published: December 2023

Introdução: Diante da propagação de recursos informacionais do universo musical na World Wide Web, é importante que esses recursos estejam devidamente representados para que o usuário encontre o que deseja. Nesse sentido, a descrição dos dados de autoridade de artistas da música é essencial, visto que pode auxiliar na recuperação de recursos informacionais relacionados a esses artistas. Objetivos: Analisar o uso do Resource Description and Access (RDA), sua publicação Oficial, na descrição de dados de autoridade para artistas da música com o intuito de auxiliar e aprofundar a pesquisa sobre a descrição de dados oriundos de catálogos e do conteúdo da catalogação. Metodologia: Por meio de uma revisão narrativa, os resultados apresentam o detalhamento do RDA para autoridade e seus elementos para música. Resultados: Os dados de autoridade dos artistas da música no RDA Oficial são identificados pelas seguintes entidades: agente, pessoa, agente coletivo, entidade coletiva e família. São analisados registros de autoridade em MARC21, bem como o seu uso com o RDA Oficial, a partir do RDA Registry. Conclusão: O controle de autoridade promove a integração e integridade dos dados e gerar economia na criação de dados de autoridade e seu reuso por diversas instituições. A criação de dados bibliográficos e de autoridade está evoluindo para uma cooperação mais aberta que busca sustentabilidade a partir do uso, reuso e compartilhamento de dados. Considera-se que é importante identificar características associadas ao artista da música, como locais e datas, nomes e nomes fictícios, desempenho e extensão vocal.
Documentação museológica em coleções de Geociências: o caso do Museu Geológico da Bahia
Authors: Reis Elizandra Pinheiro dos , Mascarenhas Fernanda Assunção Camelier , Ballardo Luciana Messeder
Published: December 2023

This text analyzes the museological documentation processes in Geoscience collections and how technical procedures are developed within this type of collection. Reflecting on which museological documentation instruments are used to manage specialized museological Geoscience collections in Brazil informed the research’s concerns. Thus, this applied qualitative case study investigates the use of museological documentation in institutions that house Geoscience collections, starting from the hypothesis that documentation-related research in these museological spaces is incipient either due to technical deficiency or lack of interest. Results show an interdisciplinary relationship between Museology and Geosciences professionals in the development of museological documentation for this type of collection, but dissemination of works that highlight this interdisciplinarity is restricted. Treatment of Geosciences collections from the perspective of museological documentation constitutes a research field still little explored.
Hábitos e informação: contribuições peirceanas para análise dos efeitos interpretativos no contexto da comunicação digital
Authors: Pascoal Valdirene Aparecida , Almeida Carlos Candido de
Published: December 2023

This bibliographic research reflects on how content broadcasted by digital platforms can impact the relations that structure information-habit-action based on Peirce’s semiotics. Our central hypothesis states that Peircean semiotics can provide elements to help understand the informational processes that direct the habit development. In times of Big Data, Information Society, digital media, fake news, it is imperative to comprehend the dynamics involving information and its relationship with human conduct. Peirce’s characterization of information as a process brings elements that help understand the relations between information and action. According to Pierce, as a sign and its correlates adequately convey the form of the object to an interpretant, the information therein directs human conduct. As the use and dissemination of digital platforms become essential in industrialized societies, the concept of information changes and consequently influences individual and collective conduct. To unveil this relationship, we distinguish between habits of action and habits of conduct, proposing that understanding the relations between information, habits and action can point out the impact of information technologies in individual and collective conduct.
O social, o político e as necessidades: Interfaces entre Hannah Arendt e Nancy Fraser
Authors: Bueno Enrico
Published: December 2023

O artigo visa identificar as contribuições de Nancy Fraser para repensar e qualificar a crítica de Hannah Arendt à instrumentalização do político pelo social na modernidade – com ênfase nas diferentes compreensões que as filósofas propõem para as necessidades. Identificando inicialmente que o problema das necessidades na política se refere a um aspecto dilemático no pensamento de Arendt, o artigo encaminha um contraste com a teorização de Fraser a respeito do mesmo tema. Por fim, discute-se as convergências e divergências entre as autoras, bem como os potenciais de crítica à política moderna que podem emergir a partir dessa interlocução.
Querer ter razão: vontade e intelecto na Dialética erística de Schopenhauer
Authors: Oliveira André Henrique Mendes Viana de
Published: December 2023

Este artigo propõe uma interpretação acerca do embate entre intelecto e vontade na Dialética erística de Schopenhauer. Apresentamos a problemática advinda da crítica que esse pensador faz à faculdade de conhecimento humana, sobretudo à concepção que atribui a essa faculdade um status ontológico superior em relação às demais funções do organismo em seu conjunto, e propomos que a concepção de conhecimento em Schopenhauer comporta um proto-perspectivismo, ao supor que o intelecto seja direcionado pela vontade. Por fim, consideramos acerca da possibilidade de serem alcançadas verdades objetivas para além dos direcionamentos que a vontade impõe ao intelecto.
Trends in Infective Endocarditis Mortality in the United States: 1999 to 2020: A Cause for Alarm
Authors: Chobufo Muchi Ditah , Atti Varunsiri , Vasudevan Archana , Bhandari Ruchi , Badhwar Vinay , Baddour Larry M. , Balla Sudarshan
Published: December 2023

Background

Data on national trends in mortality due to infective endocarditis (IE) in the United States are limited.

Methods and Results

Utilizing the multiple causes of death data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database from 1999 to 2020, IE and substance use were identified using
the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification
codes. Between 1999 and 2020, the IE‐related age‐adjusted mortality rates declined. IE‐related crude mortality accelerated significantly in the age groups 25–34 years (average annual percentage change, 5.4 [95% CI, 3.1–7.7];
P
<0.001) and 35–44 years (average annual percentage change, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.3–3.3];
P
<0.001), but remained stagnant in those aged 45–54 years (average annual percentage change, 0.5 [95% CI, −1.9 to 3];
P
=0.684), and showed a significant decline in those aged ≥55 years. A concomitant substance use disorder as multiple causes of death in those with IE increased drastically in the 25–44 years age group (
P
<0.001). The states of Kentucky, Tennessee, and West Virginia showed an acceleration in age‐adjusted mortality rates in contrast to other states, where there was predominantly a decline or static trend for IE.

Conclusions

Age‐adjusted mortality rates due to IE in the overall population have declined. The marked acceleration in mortality in the 25‐ to 44‐year age group is a cause for alarm. Regional differences with acceleration in IE mortality rates were noted in Kentucky, Tennessee, and West Virginia. We speculate that this acceleration was likely due mainly to the opioid crisis that has engulfed several states and involved principally younger adults.
Physiological response in Icelandic horses after an 8-week interval training programme with increasing intensity
Authors: Berg L.C. , Godborg J.R.T. , Cook C.
Published: December 2023

Training programmes are used routinely to improve fitness and thus prevent sport related injuries in horses. Little is known about the effect of training programmes in Icelandic horses. In this study, response to training was evaluated using standardised exercise tests (SET) before and after an 8-week interval training programme with increasing intensity. 22 Icelandic horses were included of which 14 horses completed all parts of the study. SETs were performed ridden on the same oval track and included four steps in different gaits and speeds including two steps in tölt. For SET2 a third step in tölt was added at the end. Heart rate (HR) and speed (v) were measured continuously during both SETs, and V140 and V180 were calculated for tölt. Blood lactate concentration was measured after step four in both SETs. Horses were divided into two fitness groups (‘low’ and ‘high’) based on blood lactate concentrations in SET1. The ‘low’ group had blood lactate concentrations >4 mmol/l. V140 (speed at HR140) and V180 were equal between groups in SET1. Interval programmes were adjusted to each fitness group to avoid injury to less fit horses. After 8 weeks of training, blood lactate concentration decreased significantly for the ‘low’ group (), and there was no longer a difference between groups. Between SET1 and SET2, V180 increased significantly for the ‘high’ group (). In conclusion, the interval training programme resulted in a decrease in blood lactate concentration in the ‘low’ group and an increase in V180 in the ‘high’ group suggesting an improved fitness level and cardiovascular capacity.
Translingualism and Histories of Violence in Francophone Algerian Writing
Authors: Hiddleston Jane
Published: December 2023

This article explores the complexity of translingualism in francophone Algerian writing and offers a close reading of Assia Djebar’s Vaste est la prison (1995) to demonstrate the variegated ways in which characters experience the interaction between languages in Algerian history. Drawing on thinkers such as Stefan Helgesson and Christina Kullberg, the article conceptualises ‘translingualism’ not so much as a sign of linguistic mastery, as has been the case in some earlier studies, but as a series of ‘events’ in which encounters between languages either blur or foreground boundaries in various ways at moments in texts where the history of Western imperialism and postcolonialism also play a role. This notion of events informs a reading of francophone Algerian writing, and in particular of Djebar, attentive to the subtle mingling and friction between languages as individuals use them in multiple and changing ways.
Cymbella alexandrovichii sp. nov. (Cymbellaceae, Bacillariophyceae), a new cymbelloid diatom species with predominantly biseriate striae from South-East Asia
Authors: GLUSHCHENKO ANTON , MIRONOV ANDREI , KUZNETSOVA IRINA , KULIKOVSKIY MAXIM
Published: December 2023

A new species from the genus Cymbella is described based on the morphological study using light and scanning electron microscopy. In the new species, striae are predominantly biseriate except for the central part of the valve, where they become uniseriate. Cymbella alexandrovichii sp. nov. is compared to 8 similar species of Cymbella that possess biseriate striae throughout the valve or only near the apices. Another species with biseriate striae—Gomphocymbellopsis guijiangensis­—was included in the comparison based on the similar morphology. In addition, 3 species of Cymbella are compared to Cymbella alexandrovichii sp. nov. herein, despite lacking biseriate striation. The new species can be distinguished from similar taxa by a combination of features: asymmetric lanceolate outline with convex dorsal margin, not protracted cuneate to bluntly rounded valve ends, predominantly biseriate striae and 2–3 ventral stigmata.
Primulina liangwaniae (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangdong, China
Authors: TONG YI-HUA , NI JING-BO , WANG BING-MOU
Published: December 2023

Primulina liangwaniae, a new species of Gesneriaceae endemic to Guangdong, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is close to P. versicolor in having similar shape and color of corollas, but differs in the significantly smaller leaf blades with dense spreading villus and pubescence and crenate margin, much shorter peduncles, smaller bracts with margin being crenate on upper part and entire on lower part, much shorter pedicels, and narrowly cordate stigma. The flowering times of these two species are also different. A provisional conservation status of DD (Data Deficient) is given for P. liangwaniae.
Cyathea arjae, a new synonym of Sphaeropteris elliptica (Cyatheaceae)
Authors: DONG SHI-YONG , MUSTAPENG ANDI MARYANI A.
Published: December 2023

N/A
The auger snails (Gastropoda, Conoidea, Terebridae) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea
Authors: HARZHAUSER MATHIAS , LANDAU BERNARD M.
Published: December 2023

We present a critical review of the Miocene Terebridae of the European Central Paratethys Sea. In total, we document 23 species placed in 7 genera. We designate lectotypes for Terebra bigranulata Hoernes & Auinger, 1880 [= Fusoterebra terebrina (Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840)], Terebra (Hastula) cinereides Hoernes & Auinger, 1880 [= Hastula duboisiana (d’Orbigny, 1852)], Terebra (Myurella) lapugyensis Hoernes & Auinger 1880 [= Hastula lapugyensis (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880)] and Terebra transylvanica Hoernes & Auinger, 1880. Based on conchological similarities we assume that the extant terebrine Punctoterebra Bartsch, 1923 might be a subjective junior synonym of Strioterebrum Sacco, 1890. In this case, molecular data could resolve this question, as Strioterebrum is still represented today by Strioterebrum reticulare (Sacco, 1891).
Hastulopsis Oyama, 1961 and Maculauger Fedosov, Malcolm, Terryn, Gorson, Modica, Holford & Puillandre, 2020 are recorded for the first time from the European Neogene.
Terebra golebiowskii nov. sp. and Oxymeris transleithana nov. sp. are introduced as new species.
The Circumglobal Transport of Massive African Dust and Its Impacts on the Regional Circulation in Remote Atmosphere
Authors: Bi Hongru , Chen Siyu , Zhang Daizhou , Wang Yong , Kang Litai , Alam Khan , Tang Mingjin , Chen Yu , Zhang Yue , Wang Danfeng
Published: December 2023

Atmospheric dust from North Africa, the largest and most persistently active dust source over the world, spreads widely in the Northern Hemisphere and plays essential roles in the Earth environment evolution. During 7–24 June 2020, an extremely strong dust event occurred with its westward spreading modulated by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and its eastward spreading regulated by European blocking, ultimately resulting in the circumglobal transport of African dust. The Mediterranean low pressure linked to the European blocking dipole was the key to facilitating the eastward transport of dust. This record-breaking African dust episode caused a notable diurnal precipitation decrease of 0.98 mm day−1 over northeastern India and a decrease of 1.55 mm day−1 over central North America, which was ascribed to the effect of dust-induced radiative heating on large-scale circulation. It triggered a Rossby wave train and caused anomalous high pressure over northeastern India, which weakened the India summer monsoon and consequently inhibited the occurrence of precipitation. Dust-induced radiative heating also supported the stability in the anomalous warm high over North America, further repressing import of moisture from Atlantic. Ambient moisture and atmospheric instability also presented consistent variation over North America and India characterized as strengthen descending motion and sharply reduced moist convection. This study reports, for the first time, the strong modulation of regional circulation by circumglobally transported African dust, especially in Asia and North America. The new aspects on the unexpected consequences on moisture convection indicate broader roles that the dust may play in the global climate change.
Thermal and Mechanical Effects of the Southeast Asian Low-Latitude Highlands on the East Asian Summer Monsoon
Authors: Yang Yu , Wen Dayong , Gui Shu , Yang Ruowen , Cao Jie
Published: December 2023

The thermal and mechanical effects of the regional orography have long been recognized as the two most important factors driving the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). The Southeast Asian low-latitude highlands (SEALLH) are a warmer and wetter highland region adjacent to the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. However, the importance of the individual contributions of the thermal and mechanical effects of the SEALLH to the EASM is still unclear. Results of numerical experiments show that the thermal effect of the SEALLH contribute to the precipitation and upper-tropospheric circulation of the EASM by roughly the same magnitude as the mechanical effect of the SEALLH, when its original height is reduced by 50%. The thermal effect of the SEALLH influences the EASM by exciting an East Asia–Pacific-like teleconnection, whereas the mechanical effect of the SEALLH impacts the EASM by exciting an equivalent barotropic Bay of Bengal–East Asia–Pacific-like teleconnection. This study could provide a new perspective for a better understanding of the EASM.

Significance Statement

Recent studies have shown that the mountains adjacent to the Tibetan Plateau have significant effects on the Asian summer monsoon, although these mountains are much lower in elevation and smaller in extent than the Tibetan Plateau. The Southeast Asian low-latitude highlands (SEALLH), located on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, influence the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) via both thermal and mechanical effects. However, the individual thermal and mechanical contributions to the EASM have not yet been clarified. Numerical experiments designed specifically for the SEALLH, which is warmer and wetter than the Tibetan Plateau, show that the thermal effect of the SEALLH on precipitation and the upper-tropospheric circulation over the EASM region is roughly equivalent to the mechanical effect of the SEALLH when its original height was reduced by 50%, but via different physical processes. The thermal effect of the SEALLH induces southerly wind anomalies between the SEALLH and the western North Pacific, influencing the EASM by exciting an East Asia–Pacific-like wave train. The mechanical effect of the SEALLH influences the EASM by exciting an equivalent barotropic Bay of Bengal–East Asia–Pacific-like wave train.
Jumpiness in Ensemble Forecasts of Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks
Authors: Richardson David S. , Cloke Hannah L. , Methven John A. , Pappenberger Florian
Published: December 2023

We investigate the run-to-run consistency (jumpiness) of ensemble forecasts of tropical cyclone tracks from three global centers: ECMWF, the Met Office, and NCEP. We use a divergence function to quantify the change in cross-track position between consecutive ensemble forecasts initialized at 12-h intervals. Results for the 2019–21 North Atlantic hurricane season show that the jumpiness varied substantially between cases and centers, with no common cause across the different ensemble systems. Recent upgrades to the Met Office and NCEP ensembles reduced their overall jumpiness to match that of the ECMWF ensemble. The average divergence over the set of cases provides an objective measure of the expected change in cross-track position from one forecast to the next. For example, a user should expect on average that the ensemble mean position will change by around 80–90 km in the cross-track direction between a forecast for 120 h ahead and the updated forecast made 12 h later for the same valid time. This quantitative information can support users’ decision-making, for example, in deciding whether to act now or wait for the next forecast. We did not find any link between jumpiness and skill, indicating that users should not rely on the consistency between successive forecasts as a measure of confidence. Instead, we suggest that users should use ensemble spread and probabilistic information to assess forecast uncertainty, and consider multimodel combinations to reduce the effects of jumpiness.

Significance Statement

Forecasting the tracks of tropical cyclones is essential to mitigate their impacts on society. Numerical weather prediction models provide valuable guidance, but occasionally there is a large jump in the predicted track from one run to the next. This jumpiness complicates the creation and communication of consistent forecast advisories and early warnings. In this work we aim to better understand forecast jumpiness and we provide practical information to forecasters to help them better use the model guidance. We show that the jumpiest cases are different for different modeling centers, that recent model upgrades have reduced forecast jumpiness, and that there is not a strong link between jumpiness and forecast skill.
Investigation of combustion and mechanical properties of huntite-hydromagnesite and intumescent flame retardants in polypropylene composites
Authors: Yücetürk Mert , Yücetürk Buket , Yılmaz Atay Gül
Published: December 2023

Achieving high mechanical performance in a polymer composite is one of the primary concerns when using mineral-based flame retardants. Mineral-based flame retardants should be added to the matrix at 50%–70% to achieve a high level of flame retardancy. High mineral content increases the modulus of elasticity and reduces the ductility of the material. This can be disastrous in applications where flexibility is critical. To overcome this problem, minerals can be used in combination with other effective flame retardants. In this study, the combination of halogen-free mineral-based huntite/hydromagnesite (H/H) and phosphorus-nitrogen-based intumescent flame retardants was investigated to improve the flame retardancy and maintain the flexibility of polypropylene (PP). For this purpose, PP carrier composites were prepared by extrusion by decreasing the mineral concentration in the active formulations and increasing the ratio of phosphorus-based flame retardants. These composites were subjected to mechanical, morphological (SEM), color, and flammability (UL94) tests. As a result, composites with UL94 V0 flammability and 18% to 104% higher tensile strength than equivalent H/H-based flame retardants were obtained.
Examining the Effect of Threatened Masculinity on Gun Violence
Authors: Vincent Brittany , Keenan Kaleigh , Pisano Courtney , Loiacono Anthony , DiBlasi Thomas
Published: December 2023

Gun violence is considered a national epidemic in the United States. In 2020, approximately 45,000 people were killed due to firearm-related injuries in the United States alone. However, research has struggled to identify a comprehensive list of risk factors associated with gun violence. One such risk factor could be threatened masculinity. This study aims to examine the effect of threatened masculinity on gun violence. As such a 2 (intervention x 3 (time) mixed design will be used. Each participant will be given a baseline assessment of their masculinity, using the Masculinity Contingency Scale. Using a variation of the hot sauce paradigm, participants will be asked to answer the Heinz Dilemma, and told that another participant will read their response, and then give the first participant an audio recording about what they think of their response. At this point, participants will be randomly assigned to one of two conditions. They will either have their masculinity threatened or be assigned to a control group. Following this, participants will be asked to play a game involving an online voodoo doll where they will be asked to pretend the voodoo doll is the person from the recording, and to shoot the voodoo doll. It is predicted that those in the experimental group will shoot the voodoo doll more than the control group.
Sustaining Engagement: How Follower Resilience May Mitigate the Negative Effects of Dark Triad Leaders
Authors: Moorman Robert H. , Lyons Brian D. , Grover Steven L.
Published: December 2023

We propose that followers with leaders who exhibit any or all of the dark triad leadership traits, may be able to mitigate negative effects through their resilience. In this study, we use Job Demands-Resources theory to propose moderated relationships among follower perceptions of their leader’s psychopathic, Machiavellian, or narcissistic traits, follower engagement, and follower resilience. We found support for two of three hypotheses: Follower resilience mitigated the negative effects of leader psychopathy and leader Machiavellianism on follower work engagement. We also found an opposite effect for how resilience moderated the relationship between narcissism and job engagement: People with lower resilience were more engaged under narcissistic leaders. Given the reality of dark triad leaders, our findings support the promotion of coping methods that followers may use to mitigate negative outcomes.
Uses and commercialization of food grade and effectiveness of coated ham nets to combat Tyrophagus putrescentiae: a review
Authors: White Sadie , Smith Sawyer Wyatt , Zhang Xue , Campbell Yan , Phillips Thomas , Freeman Charles , Schilling M Wes
Published: December 2023

Since the 1930s, the dry-cured ham industry has used methyl bromide fumigation to control Tyrophagus putrescentiae (ham mite) infestations. However, due to methyl bromide being a class I ozone depleting substance and no longer being manufactured, alternatives to methyl bromide have been studied extensively. Direct contact food-grade coatings and coated ham nets of various materials have shown efficacy in controlling ham mite growth and reproduction. These coated nets, often including propylene glycol, can be dried to ease application and reduce shipping cost, but chemical and thermal treatments on fabrics may cause the fabrics to become more brittle, which negatively impacts stretchability and bursting strength, and ultimately the effectiveness of the net. Scanning electron microscopy can provide precise visual inspection of fabric surface morphology, allowing for a detection of potential damage to the fibers. This purpose of this review is to summarize the application of food-grade coatings on nets used in the dry-cured ham industry to control mite infestations. More importantly, the review provides comprehensive information on coated nets, covering various aspects such as the selection of netting materials, evaluation of fabric properties, techniques for coating nets, net drying method, all in relation to their efficacy for mite control. This review contributes to the broad area of this applied technology by highlighting efficacious treatments to control mites, ineffective treatments, a discussion of processes to evaluate their properties, and future prospectives regarding this area of study.
Have low-paid jobs increased in the Swedish labor market? Defining low pay in the context of the Nordic model
Authors: Alfonsson Johan , Berglund Tomas , Vulkan Patrik
Published: December 2023

Can the Nordic wage-setting model, where social partners decide wages through collective agreements, counteract a growing low-paid sector? This article tests four definitions of low-paid jobs to analyze whether this sector has grown for the period 2005–2020 in Sweden. Despite policy changes pointing towards growth, all definitions show a slight decrease in low-paid jobs over time. The authors argue that the industrial relations system, with the aim of keeping the industry wage increases in check to aid export competitiveness, also sets a uniform level wage that limits low-paid jobs. It is also found that low pay in the Swedish setting is partly a result of working less than full-time or having unstable employment, and service workers and those with low education are becoming increasingly common in this position.
Populism, (un-)civil society and constituent power
Authors: Blokker Paul
Published: December 2023

Andrew Arato and Jean Cohen's Populism and Civil Society: The Challenge to Democratic Constitutionalism is probably the most important contribution to the academic debate on populism in recent years. I will discuss two of the book's core contribution to the delete: (un-)civil society and constitutionalism.
Returning to totality: Settler colonialism, decolonization, and struggles for freedom
Authors: Grant John , Snelgrove Corey
Published: December 2023

A unifying feature of the most prominent social movements that emerged in the 2010s is their dissatisfaction with explaining injustices on a case-by-case basis. In Canada, movements against settler colonialism express a similar orientation. This elicits a return of totality thinking, which enables one to grasp the connections between what appears as isolated or fragmented moments that in fact constitute and are constituted by a larger whole. Drawing on Marxist and Indigenous theorists, we reconstruct an approach to totality and a conceptualization of settler colonialism as a totality. Through an immanent reading of John Borrows’ approach to decolonization, we justify the importance of this concept for politicizing the persistence of unfree forms of interdependence. Finally, just as individual struggles point toward the totality, totality thinking draws attention to the unity-in-separation of different struggles, enabling a politics of “immanent universalism” as an alternative to both abstract universalism and particularism.
Mother-father and parent-grandmother coparenting conflict and caregiver involvement in adolescent parent families
Authors: Zambrano Priscilla L. , Perez-Brena Norma J. , Duncan Jeneé C. , Bishop Nicholas J. , Toews Michelle L. , Barnett Melissa A.
Published: December 2023

Family systems theory recognizes the complex interconnected subsystems within families, yet little is known about how multigenerational coparenting affects coparenting and caregiving outcomes within adolescent parent families. The current study estimated auto-regressive cross-lag models to evaluate the interrelation between mother-father and parent-grandparent coparenting subsystems and caregiver involvement using reports of coparenting conflict and caregiver involvement from 280 adolescent parents ( Mage = 17.02, SD = 1.42; 83.6% Latine; 69.6% women) at two time-points, collected nine-months apart. Results showed stability in coparenting conflict and caregiver involvement among mother-father and parent-grandparent dyads and one intergenerational cross-lag effect. Grandmother involvement at time 1 (T1) was negatively linked to parent-grandparent coparenting conflict at time 2 (T2). Gender differences also emerged, such that (1) father’s report of mother involvement at T1 was positively associated with mother-father coparenting conflict at T2; (2) father’s report of mother involvement at T1 was negatively associated with father’s report of grandmother involvement at T2; and (3) father’s report of parent-grandparent coparenting conflict at T1 was negatively associated with father’s report of mother involvement at T2. Findings underscore connections between intergenerational coparenting subsystems and suggest gender differences in sensitivity, malleability, and the influence of the coparenting dyad on coparenting conflict and caregiver involvement. Further research on adolescent coparenting and caregiving dynamics across coparenting subsystems is needed to strengthen interventions aimed at serving young mothers and fathers.
Understanding the mechanism of social media addiction: A socio-technical systems perspective
Authors: Cao Xiongfei , Yu Lingling , Yu Yang , Cheng Bayi
Published: December 2023

Social media addiction has become alarmingly serious among numerous users and led to considerable psychological and behavioral issues. This study examines the formation of addiction, with a particular focus on university students, to gain a great understanding of how social media addiction works. Based on a socio-technical systems framework, this study develops a model to explore how social and technical factors influence social media addiction. A survey involving 265 participants was conducted to examine our research model. Findings indicate that perceived irreplaceability has a good explanation and predictive power for social media addiction. However, the relationship between functional dependence and social relationship is not significant. Additionally, social factors (i.e., fear of missing out and sense of belonging) influence perceived irreplaceability, whereas technical factors (i.e., utilitarian, social, and hedonic values) affect functional dependence. Theoretical and practical implications of preventing social media addiction are also discussed in this study.
Information seeking behavior of campus journalists in a developing country: An empirical study
Authors: Tasmim Sabiha , Atikuzzaman Md
Published: December 2023

The main purpose of the study is to investigate the information needs and seeking behavior of campus journalists from different universities in Bangladesh. Data were collected from the participants using a convenience sampling technique. A total of 244 campus journalists participated in this survey. The study found that campus journalists primarily sought information to write news, covering university prosperity, hall or residence-related issues, the university's political issues, and cultural activities. They used a variety of media tools to enhance their reporting and cross-checked facts to ensure the authenticity of the news they received. The results also showed that the campus journalists mainly collected news by visiting the place physically and listening to witnesses’ stories. Lack of training, lack of authority's cooperation, and insufficient time were found as significant barriers to seeking information. Furthermore, the study found significant differences in the motivations for seeking information among journalists from different age groups and levels of experience.
Hope and illness expectations: A cross-sectional study in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Loučka Martin , Althouse Andrew D , Arnold Robert M , Smith Thomas J , Smith Kenneth J , White Douglas B , Rosenzweig Margaret Q , Schenker Yael
Published: December 2023

Background:

The fear of taking away hope hinders clinicians’ willingness to share serious news with patients with advanced disease. Unrealistic illness expectations, on the other hand, can complicate decision making and end-of-life care outcomes. Exploration of the association between hope and illness expectations can support clinicians in better communication with their patients.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to explore whether realistic illness expectations are associated with reduced hope in people with advanced cancer.

Design:

This is a cross-sectional secondary analysis of baseline data from a primary palliative care cluster-randomized trial CONNECT (data collected from July 2016 to October 2020). Hope was measured by Herth Hope Index. Illness expectations were measured by assessing patients’ understanding of their treatment goals, life expectancy, and terminal illness acknowledgement. Multivariable regression was performed, adjusting for demographical and clinical confounders.

Setting/participants:

Adult patients with advanced solid cancers recruited across 17 oncology clinics.

Results:

Data from 672 patients were included in the study, with mean age of 69.3 years (±10.2), 53.6% were female. Proportion of patients indicating realistic expectations varied based on which question was asked from 10% to 46%. Median level of hope was 39 (IQR = 36–43). Multivariate non-inferiority regression did not find any significant differences in hope between patients with more and less realistic illness expectations.

Conclusions:

Our results suggest that hope can be sustained while holding both realistic and unrealistic illness expectations. Communication about serious news should focus on clarifying the expectations as well as supporting people’s hopes.