bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical techniques of the estimation the amount of waveguides surface roughness for the THz regime
Authors: Fedorkova N.V. , Sultanshin A.A.
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of the efficient design of THz waveguides devices. Extreme small sizes of THz devices such as subharmonic pumped mixers for radiometer witch waveguides are integrated in copper block covered with 3 μm gold are presented. The three numerical techniques and direct measurements in the THz regime have been used to predict the effective conductivity reduction due to protrusions. Efficient design of THz systems requires the ability to predict effective conductivity, allowing engineers to determine the amount of surface roughness for acceptable reflection losses prior to fabrication. Full-wave numerical technique to predict the field enhancement factors for both the rf electric field and the rf magnetic field on the protrusion above smooth sample in the THz regime has been mentioned. The electric field and magnetic field enhancement factors on the hemispherical protrusion should be excluded in case the protrusions size are smaller than δ/50 and δ/1.5 correspondingly (δ is skin depth). Mie-Scattering-based approach approximates a unit cell of the grating as a circular cylinder protrusion the additional loss due to the protrusion compared with a perfectly flat surface of the same material. Hammerstad–Bekkadal Model demonstrates an analytical function which depends of sheet resistance for a sample with surface roughness on the surface roughness and skin depth of the metal. Numerical calculations using this technique predict 10% power absorption due to surface features 35 nm at 400 GHz. A layout of the apparatus for direct measurements of the effective conductivity of samples with roughness features using an open quasi-optical resonator is given. The results of theoretical calculation and empirical evaluation have been compared with computer simulation software taking into consideration of the effective conductivity only due to the change in the surface geometry. The comparison empirical results and numerical calculations full-wave numerical technique are more accurate for samples that are smooth relative to the skin depth. For surface features greater than the skin depth, we found the Hammerstad and Bekkadal model to be a better. The observed methods can be used as a rapid means to estimate waveguides surface roughness in terms of power loss in the THz regime.
Development Status and Prospects of Lithium-ion Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles
Authors:   the Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, USA, Wu Kai
Published: November 2021

Major countries and automobile manufacturers in the world jointly promote the transformation of automobile energy and boost the development of electric vehicles. As the most widely used power battery, the lithium-ion power battery comes under the spotlight. The progress of lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries has given rise to the hope of transformation. And the breakthrough of solidstate batteries has laid a solid foundation for future highperformance batteries. This paper reviews and analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of three power batteries, and evaluates their modifications, application, and current situation. It can be concluded that ternary lithium batteries cannot replace lithium iron phosphate batteries and solid-state batteries temporarily cannot be widely produced and applied.
Study on the Effect of Membrane Active Surface Orientation in OMBR on Norfloxacin Wastewater Treatment
Authors:   School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China, Chen Xiaoqing , Cai Litong
Published: November 2021

The forward osmosis membrane bioreactor (OMBR) is a kind of new treatment technology which applied forward osmosis technology to the membrane bioreactor. In this paper, the OMBR was adopted to tackle with the typical antibiotic wastewater.The influence of orientation was investigated. The results showed that the magnesium chloride solution with high osmotic pressure is advantageous for OMBR due to its superior membrane flux and a better producing water quality and the membrane flux decreases with a rise of the concentration of sewage and sludge. In this condition, the removal rate of COD and norfloxacin is 84.21% and 93.70%, respectively.
R-TIK Digital Literacy towards Indonesian MSMEs (UMKM) Digital Energy of Asia
Authors: Sunuantari Manik , Zarkasi Irwa Rochimah , Gunawan Imsar , Farhan Raihan Muhammad
Published: November 2021

In accordance with the commitment of the World Summit on the Information Society, it is stated that Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) are providers of employment for the community.  In Indonesia, SMMEs are known as UMKM (Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises Indonesia). The existence of ICT is considered capable of increasing economic growth as well as providing new employment field during the Covid-19 Pandemic. One way to encourage the rise of UMKM) is through the Indonesian R-TIK (Indonesia ICT Volunteers). The purpose of this research is to determine the involvement of R-TIK in the UMKM Go Online program.  Whereas the theories and concepts used are the Information Society, Digital Literacy and Empowerment of UMKM.  The research method used is a case study, R-TIK with UMKM in Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi. The results indicate that digital literacy activities carried out by R-TIK together with the Department of Industry, Trade, Cooperatives, and UMKM encouraged the growth of UMKM in Polewali Mandar. The presence of QRen in the UMKM online program has push the pace of the Indonesian economy in the context of realizing Indonesia as a Digital Energy of Asia.
Las actrices ante el teatro clásico español. Coloquio con Pepa Pedroche y Paula Iwasaki
Authors:   Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Gutiérrez Gil Alberto
Published: November 2021

El teatro clásico español ha sido desde su origen un ente artístico revolucionario y prueba de ello es el hecho de que las actrices detentaban en él un papel fundamental dentro de las compañías y de los entresijos comerciales, frente a tradiciones como, por ejemplo, la isabelina, que relegaba a los papeles femeninos a los actores más jóvenes e imberbes, prohibiendo a la mujer participar en las representaciones. En este sentido, debemos recordar nombres como María Calderón (la Calderona) o Francisca Bezón (la Bezona), influyentes actrices del teatro aurisecular para las que los dramaturgos componían sus comedias; o María Tubau y María Guerrero, actrices fundamentales para el teatro decimonónico español que, además de sus quehaceres artísticos, fueron destacadas impulsoras del teatro comercial.
Abordajes de violencias de género y de interrupción legal del embarazo en servicios de salud durante el aislamiento por COVID-19
Authors: Saletti-Cuesta Lorena , Aizenberg Lila
Published: November 2021

Este estudio buscó indagar cómo los servicios de salud abordan las violencias de género y la interrupción legal del embarazo en contexto de aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio. Entre mayo y junio de 2020, se realizaron 27 entrevistas telefónicas a profesionales sanitarios e informantes claves de las ciudades argentinas de Córdoba y Resistencia. Se identificaron cambios en la detección, abordaje y demanda vinculados a la reorganización sanitaria, las modificaciones en la relación asistencial y los recursos necesarios para canalizar la demanda. La pandemia ha profundizado los obstáculos de acceso a servicios sanitarios de las mujeres y ha generado otros nuevos. Ante ello, las redes entre profesionales, la práctica sanitaria feminista y los abordajes innovadores fueron identificados como facilitadores de acceso, claves para amortiguar la pandemia y garantizar derechos.
A gyermekek helye és szerepe a hetelő családokban – szülői döntések, nevelés
Authors: Nemes-Zámbó Gabriella
Published: November 2021

The study examines families in which one or both partners are commuting for longer periods (hetelés). Our research questions focus on those families who are raising children. As a result, their family life is largely determined by the specific operation based on the changing dynamics of physical, emotional proximity and distance. The analysis which processes qualitative results focuses on children and reveals the changes that have taken place in the family as a result of long term commuting. These include attachment in the family, the care and upbringing of children, and the place and role of the child in the family. In the lives of the families studied, we encountered different parental attitudes and parent-child relationships.
Influence of Classroom Teacher Practices on the Teaching and Learning Effectiveness in Secondary Schools in Tanzania: A Case of Selected Schools in Kilimanjaro By
Authors: Lasway Angelista Joseph
Published: November 2021

The study focused on investigating the influence of classroom teacher practices on teaching and learning effectiveness in secondary schools. The study used a number of different psychological perspectives relating to the teaching and learning process in school classrooms such as behaviourism and constructivism ideas to establish the basis for effective teacher practices and characteristics in relations to teaching and learning process. A cross section survey and naturalistic design method was used to investigate the influences of teacher practices in selected secondary schools. A simple random sampling and automatic inclusion was used, and the selected sample was made up of 200 secondary school teachers, 10 of whom were heads of schools. The data collection process included interviews, classroom observation and questionnaire instruments. The findings indicated that the teaching and learning process is greatly influenced by teacher practices and characteristics. Teachers demonstrated little knowledge of teaching techniques and skills to improve teaching effectiveness and pupil learning. The study concludes that teaching and learning processes can be improved by providing teacher support and improving the quality of teacher education through professional development practices to update teacher skills. The study recommends that efforts should be made to improve instructional processes in schools in order to achieve the intended educational goals through different strategies such as seminars, workshops, improved In-service teacher Education at school, District and National levels.
Innovative Approach in Teaching Graph Theory
Authors: Paylangco Carmee Lyn
Published: November 2021

Learners tend to get bored in learning Graph Theory and this results them getting low performance. Thus, this study was conducted to find empirical evidence on the attempt of having an innovative approach in teaching graph theory through the utilization of games to college students. This study was a pre - experimental research in which pretest-post test was used. Moreover, it also utilized a qualitative research method to find out learners’ feedback on the approach. The learners have their permanent group assignment and games were utilized for every topic. Pretest and post test were administered. The test scores were recorded, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted. Data were analyzed using paired-sample t-test. Results revealed a highly significant difference from pretest to post test of the students. Additionally, students give positive feedback on the attempt of this innovative approach in teaching graph theory. Such that, the following are some of their response: “I am excited to study graph theory because of games”, “I look forward to games every meeting”, etc. Therefore, college students exposed to games while learning shows very high knowledge in Graph Theory.
Role of zinc in human health with reference to African elderly: A review
Authors:   Karatina University College, Kenya, Lokuruka MNI
Published: November 2021

This review of the literature was conducted to assess dietary zinc intake among the African elderly, discuss the potential impact of current levels of zinc intake on their health, and to recommend strategies for improving their dietary zinc intake. As zinc plays an ubiquitous role in human metabolism, determination of its dietary intake among African elderly is important from a health standpoint, if the consequences of widely reported deficiency are to be mitigated. Animal meats and seafood are rich sources of zinc, with nuts and legumes being relatively good plant sources. Zinc bioavailability is relatively higher in animal foods due to absence of inhibitors of zinc absorption and the presence of cysteine and methionine, which improve its absorption. Zinc in plant-based foods is less bioavailable for human metabolism due to presence of chelators, phytates and dietary fibre, which inhibit absorption. Individuals at the greatest risk of zinc deficiency include infants and children, pregnant and lactating women, patients being fed intravenously, malnourished individuals including those with protein-energy malnutrition and anorexia nervosa; others are individuals with chronic or persistent diarrhoea, malabsorption syndromes, those with alcoholic liver disease, sickle cell anemia, strict vegetarians, and the elderly aged 60 years and over. A reduced capacity to absorb zinc, increases the likelihood of disease states that may adversely alter zinc utilization, and increased use of drugs that increase zinc excretion, may all contribute to increased risk of mild to moderate zinc deficiency in the elderly. Also, in situations of diminished access to adequate and balanced diets, health care and good sanitation, the likelihood of developing mild to moderate zinc deficiency is high among poor African elderly. Due to the consequences of impaired immune system function in zinc deficiency in the elderly, it is critical to maintain an adequate zinc intake by this group. Despite mild zinc deficiency being unlikely to lead to severe zinc deficiency in individuals without a genetic disorder, zinc malabsorption or conditions of increased zinc loss such as severe burns can also result in mild to severe zinc deficiency. Diets for poor African children, pregnant and lactating women, and the elderly, are deficient in zinc. This is mainly due to low food intake, relatively lower intake of animal foods and high phytate and fibre content of the staple plant-based foods. Fortification of staples and inclusion of inexpensive and available animal protein sources, in plant-based diets for the elderly can increase their dietary zinc intake.
Effect of garri processing effluents (waste water) on the cynide level of some root tubers commonly consumed in the south east Nigeria
Authors:   Abia State University, Nigeria, Uhegbu FO , Iweala EEJ ,   Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, Akubugwo EI ,   Abia State University, Nigeria
Published: November 2021

Root tubers are the important staple food crops in the tropics, Nigeria inclusive. In the South East of Nigeria, the major staple root tuber crops include Dioscorea rotundata,(White yam) Dioscorea alata,(Water yam) Xanthosoma sagittifolium, (Red Cocoyam) Colocasia esculenta, (White Cocoyam) Ipomea batatas (Sweet potato) and Dioscorea dumetorum (Domestic yam). Due to inadequacies in supply, these tubers are always in high demand by consumers. To make up for the high demand, peasant farmers cultivate these tubers in any available space around homes. Around most homes in the villages are garri (cassava flour) processing factories, with the effluents (waste water) allowed to flow into adjoining farmlands without any form of treatment. It has been reported that cassava tubers and their effluents contain high concentrations of cyanide, thus the cyanide in the effluent may be adsorbed by the soil onto which it is disposed. Plants that are grown on soil of low potassium content and high nitrogen content have been reported to have high hydrocyanic acid concentration in their tubers. Numerous studies have described environmental exposure of humans to cyanide in African populations. Little is known about exposure to cyanide toxins from processed or unprocessed root tubers commonly consumed in Africa; and data on the food concentration of cyanide which is a potential poison and systemic toxicant is scanty. This study determined the concentrations of cyanide in some root tubers grown in a cassava processing plant effluent [waste water] contam inated farm land and commonly consumed in South East of Nigeria. Dioscorea rotundata had 10.13±1.9mgHCN/kg, while Dioscorea alata had 9.12±0.93mgHCN/kg. Xanthosoma sagittifolium and Colocasia esculenta were found to have values of 15.19±1.69mgHCN/kg and 11.81±1.19mgHCN/kg , respectively . Ipomea batatas [red cultivar] had cyanide level of 8.44±1.20 mgHCN/kg, while the white cultivar had 8.44±1.20mgHCN/kg . Dioscorea dumetorum [domestic] showed cyanide level of 35.44±1.69mgHCN/kg. These values are significantly [p<0.05] higher compared to values from the control site for the same cultivars , 9.65±1.36 mgHCN/kg, 8.45±1.60mgHCN/kg, 14.77±1.33mgHCN/kg and 10.89±1.55 mgHCN/kg , respectively while I. batatas and D. dumetorum had 7.26±1.34mgHCN/kg, 32.76±0.05mgHCN/kg , respectively . The difference in cyanide content between cultivars from the assumed contaminated site and control site could be as a result of environmental factors, like temperature, humidity, altitude and possibly the cassava effluent [waste water]. This preliminary study highlights the need to study the toxicological implications of chronic low –level exposure to cyanide from African root tubers as a result of poor waste disposal methods.
Effect of sodium chloride concentration of the functional properties of selected legume flours
Authors:   University of Khartoum, Sudan, Ahmed SH , Babiker EE ,   King Saud University, Mohamed Ahmed IA ,   University of Khartoum, Sudan, Eltayeb MM ,   University of Khartoum, Sudan, Ahmed SO ,   Food Research Center, Ministry of Science and Technology, Sudan, Faridullah Faridullah ,   , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad Pakistan
Published: November 2021

Providing safe, nutritious, and wholesome food for poor and undernourished populations has been a major challenge for developing countries. This has led to the necessity of assembling complete food composition tables, yielding information about the traditional foods and on the functional properties of the plant foods that are consumed regularly in the developing countries. Sodium Chloride (NaCl) is the common salt used at household and industry levels to improve palatability of processed foods. Therefore, the main aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of different concentrations of NaCl on the functional properties of selected legume flours. The effect of increasing concentration of NaCl on the protein solubility, emulsifying and foaming properties of white bean, pigeon pea, cowpea and hyacinth bean were studied. The results revealed that the protein solubility of pigeon pea, cowpea and white bean flours significantly increased by increasing salt concentration and reached a maximum at 0.4 M NaCl (for pigeon pea and cowpea flours) and 0.6 M for white bean flour and then gradually decreased at higher salt concentration. The protein solubility profile of hyacinth bean fluctuated with the salt concentration, with the highest solubility at 0.6 M NaCl and lowest solubility at 0.4 M NaCl. With the exception of white bean, the maximum emulsifying activity of all selected legume flours was found at 0.4 M NaCl whereas that of white bean was found at 0.2 M NaCl. Generally, with increasing salt concentration, the emulsifying activity slightly decreased for the legume flours, except for cowpea which fluctuated. Addition of NaCl significantly decreased the emulsion stability and foaming capacity of the four of selected legume with the maximum improvement being observed at 0.2M NaCl, and then decreasing gradually at higher salt concentration. Significant improvement of foaming stability was observed when salt concentration increased. Based on the results of the present study the selected legume flour demonstrated good functional properties following the addition of NaCl, which makes these legume flours potential ingredients for application in salt containing foods.
„Myśląc transformacje” – wprowadzenie w problematykę
Authors: Barbier Jean-Marie , Marynowicz-Hetka Ewa
Published: November 2021

Tekst przedstawia zawartość numeru tematycznego poświęconego refleksji nad zagadnieniem „myśleć transformacje”, związanym z procesami profesjonalizacji i w sposób bardziej ogólny także z powiązanymi wzajemnie transformacjami aktywności oraz podmiotów przebiegającymi w ich aktywnościach i poprzez nie.
EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE KINGDOM OF DENMARK
Authors: Vujkov Ana , Andevski Milica
Published: November 2021

From ancient times to the present day, education is a most important factor in the development of humanity. For that reason, a large number of countries invest all available resources in research and improvement of education systems. However, the improvement of education system of a country is not an easy task, and its experts are faced with an extremely important and extensive task. It is especially difficult to implement ideas and methods that have never been implemented before. Putting the idea into action often requires different resources, without necessary guarantee of success. That is why a large number of countries decide to initiate cooperation with other countries in the world, with the aspiration to implement an exchange of knowledge and experiences among experts employed in various education systems, different kinds of analyses of education systems are often created as a result of such meetings and exchanges, which include one or more countries in the world. This way of exchange contributes to a better understanding of the education system of the country, but also to recognizing advantages and disadvantages of different education systems, and finding ways to improve them, as well as space to implement desired components of another country’s system. Precisely for these reasons, the aim of the paper is to consider and analyze education system of the Kingdom of Denmark with special reference to systems of preschool, primary, secondary, and higher education.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS POWERPOINT DAN ISPRING DI ANDROID UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIFITAS PEMBELAJARAN IPA DI KELAS 3 SD
Authors: Hamdan Husein Batubara Kun Hayyuningtyas,
Published: November 2021

Abstrak

 Media interaktif berbasis PowerPoint adalah media pembelajaran kembangan, berisi materi pembelajaran IPA yang dirancang tersistem untuk peserta didik di kelas 3 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah melalui program dasar powerpoint dan dikembangkan dengan ispring, agar kegiatan belajar mengajar  dapat lebih efektif dan maksimal meskipun  pembelajaran di lakukan tanpa tatap muka atau pembelajaran jarak jauh. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development), dengan menggunakan model penelitian ADDIE dari tahap Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, dan Evaluate (Branch, 2009).  yg melalui beberapa tahap yaitu analisis, desain (perancangan), pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Uji coba media pembelajaran interaktif didukung dengan penilaian kevalidan tim ahli, dan data angket kevalidan dari para responden yaitu guru guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, dan berdasarkan hasil penelitian 76% media pembelajaran ini layak untuk digunakan.

Kata kunci : media interaktif, berbasis powerpoint, Android.

Abstract

PowerPoint-based interactive media is a developed learning media, containing science learning materials that are systematically designed for students in grade 3 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah through the basic powerpoint program and developed with ispring, so that teaching and learning activities can be more effective and maximal even though learning is done without face-to-face or distance learning. This research includes research and development (Research and Development), using the ADDIE research model from the Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate stages (Branch, 2009). which goes through several stages, namely analysis, design (design), development, implementation, and evaluation. Interactive learning media trials are supported by a team of expert validity assessments, and validity questionnaire data from respondents, namely Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teachers, and based on research results 76% of this learning media is feasible to use.

Keywords : interactive media, powerpoint based, Android.
Functioning of the special economic zone «Titanium Valley» in the Sverdlovsk region
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Samuylov Valeriy M. , Tkacheva Tatyana N. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Gashkova Lyudmila V . ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Kalashnikov Andrey E. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: November 2021

The article reveals the content of the concept of a special economic zone, considers the advantages of special economic zones, their role in the country’s economy. The characteristics of the Sverdlovsk region as a promising industrial region of the country are given, as well as the functioning, stages of creation and development of the special economic zone “Titanium Valley” are analyzed.
Organization of the accounting system for the output of employees of road transport enterprises
Authors:   LLC Pervouralsky Avtoagregatny zavod (LLC PAAZ), Kharitonov Anton S. , Shtrapenin Gennadiy L. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: November 2021

The article considers the results of the introduction of an original automated system for accounting of the employees’ output at Pervouralsky car components manufacturing plant, which produces shock absorbers for road transport. The system includes four subsystems-modules that sequentially collect and record the data received at the input of the system and then transmit it to the server, where the received data is processed and the necessary reports are generated. Monitoring is performed both online and for any period of time in the past.
Characterstic And Inhibitory Activity Of Green And Red Beans Yoghurt Enriched With Honey Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Sari Sela Mustika , Ningsih Arista Wahyu , Anwaril Farida , Nurrosyidah Iif Hanifa
Published: November 2021

Currently probiotics are widely developed because of their health benefits such as helping to maintain a healthy digestive tract. One of the probiotic fermented products is yogurt. Yogurt on the market is made from cow's milk, so it cannot be consumed by people who are allergic to cow's milk or lactose intolerant. The purpose of this study was to develop a yogurt formulation based on vegetable juice, namely mung bean and kidney bean juice. The characterization of mung bean and kidney bean juice yoghurt was carried out by of organoleptic observation, fat content test, protein content test, ash content test, acidity test, total plate number (ALT) test and antibacterial activity test against Methicilli-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) by the agar diffusion method using wells. The results of the product characterization based on mung bean juice and kidney bean enriched with honey meet the quality characteristics of SNI yogurt (2981:2009), including the appearance of thick-solid liquid, normal/typical odor, sour/typical taste, homogeneous consistency. Fat content test, the average F1 was 1.063% (SD = 0.0026), F2 1.025% (SD = 0.0031), F3 1.035 (SD = 0.0033); the average protein content of F1 12.51% (SD=0.01244), F2 11.90% (SD=0.0120), F3 12.08% (SD=0.02); mean ash content of F1 0.36% (SD= 0.0410), F2 0.52% (0.0821), F3 0.39% (SD 0.0294); the average acid content of F1 0.858% (SD= 0.0084), F2 0.873% (0.0199), F3 0.936 (SD= 0.0336); the number of starter bacteria on average was 5.4 x 109 CFU/mL (SD= 0.927), F2 4.3 x 109 CFU/mL, F3 5.6 x 109 CFU/mL. The antibacterial activity of the yogurt was included the strong category, the inhibition zone produced more than 20 mm. The average inhibition zone by F1 was 21.667 mm (SD= 0.489), F2 22.667 mm (SD= 0.489), F3 22 mm (0.4).
ISOLASI NON-DESTRUKTIF DAN DESTRUKTIF GEN COI PADA SERANGGA JENIS COLEOPTERA PEMBAWA PATOGEN CERATOCYSTIS
Authors:   Balai Besar Litbang Bioteknologi dan Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan, Safita Ningtias Anindya , Prihatini Istiana , Qiptiyah Maryatul
Published: November 2021

Identification of insect species using molecular approach is one of the first steps in managing Ceratocystis. Proper species identification of the vectorsof Ceratocystiswill provide an effective way in limiting the distribution of this pathogenic fungi. The isolation of insect DNA is a crucial step in species identification using molecular characters. The aim of this research was to obtain the most effective method for isolating the COI gene and to confirm the insect DNA using amplification of the DNA through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Twelve unidentified Coleoptera specimen collected from Acacia spp. plantation in Pelalawan Riau were randomly selected for this study. The insect DNA were isolated using the CTAB buffer with four different pre-incubation treatments, involved a non destructive method, i.e. soaking (R), destructive methods, i.e. crushing (H), soaking-crushing (RH) and freezing-crushing (FH). Two sets of primer, LCO1490/HCO2196 and LCO1490/HCO2198 were used to amplify the DNA of COI gene. The results shows, the COI gene was isolated from all pre-incubation treatments, except in the non-destructive treatment. The isolated DNA of COI gene was successfully amplified using both primer sets used in this study
MULTIPLIKASI Aquilaria malaccensisDENGAN NAA DAN RAGI PADA KULTUR IN VITRO
Authors:   Universitas Sebelas Maret, Samanhudi Samanhudi , Tetrani Sakya Amalia , Tri Retnosari Indah
Published: November 2021

Multiplication of Aquilaria malaccensis with naa and yeast growth regulators on in vitro culture. This study aims to obtain the best concentration of NAA and yeast extract for multiplication of agarwood on in vitro culture. This research was conducted from January to October 2020 at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas SebelasMaret, Surakarta. The experimental design used was a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with twofactors, namely NAA (0 ppm; 0.1 ppm; 0.2 ppm; and 0.3 ppm) and yeast extract (0 mg/l, 700 mg/l, 800 mg/l, and 900 mg/l).(+)The results showed that the combination of 0 ppm NAA and 900 mg/lyeast increasedthe number of shoots of A.malaccensis explants with the highest average number of 3.67 shoots. A single NAA concentration of 0 ppm was able to increase the number of leaves of explants of A. malaccensis with the highest average leaf rate of 24.5 leaves. A single yeast concentration of 0 mg/lwas able to increase the number of leaves of A. malaccensis explants with an average of 22 leaves.
Research of functional and technological properties of whey protein concentrate in technologies of whipped candy masses
Authors: Kalinovskaya T. V. , Bogodist E. Y.
Published: November 2021

In the confectionery industry, egg whites are most often used as foaming agents. Other foaming agents, such as soy proteins, blood albumin, sugar beet extract, soap root extract, licorice root, have not found widespread use, since they do not meet the requirements for organoleptic characteristics. Recently, much attention has been paid by manufacturers to the use of milk proteins. The production of dairy products produces significant amounts of whey, which, despite its high nutritional value, is still underutilized in the food industry. The article is devoted to the study of the functional and technological properties of whey proteins, combined mixtures of whey protein concentrate and egg white. Theoretical information on the functional and technological properties of proteins is presented. The technological factors affecting foaming and foam stability are considered. When performing the research, the generally accepted and special research methods were used. The foaming capacity and stability of the protein foam were determined by the Rauch method. Surface tension was measured by the stalagmometric method. Determination of the structure and dispersion of protein foams was carried out using an electron microscope. The functional and technological properties of whey protein concentrate have been investigated. It was found that when whey proteins were used, the whipped masses had stable stability, which was provided by the increased ability of proteins to hydration, surface activity, the type of intermolecular interactions, as well as an increased denaturation temperature and the ability to form gels. Thus, the totality of the studies carried out shows the feasibility of further study and use of whey proteins when creating a new assortment of whipped candy masses.
Liquid sulfur dioxide production method based on sulfur and oxygen. R&D of economically feasible method
Authors: Zelenova-Gyulalieva M. A. , Igin V. V. , Aksenchik K. V.
Published: November 2021

The article shows the relevance of the industrial production of liquid sulfur dioxide, as well as the fields of its application. Herewith there is provided a brief description of the known methods for the production of liquid sulfur dioxide: the use of roast gas; sulfur-oleum method; multi-stage condensation; low temperature cryogenic process; oxidation of sulfur with oxygen under its stoichiometric deficiency. In the course of the analysis, the main shortcomings of the considered methods were identified, which made it possible to develop an innovative version of the process scheme. Based on the data obtained, JSC “NIUIF” has developed and patented a method for producing liquid sulfur dioxide, the main raw material of which is sulfur and oxygen under its stoichiometric deficiency. The principal difference of the proposed industrial scheme is the use of technical oxygen instead of air blast and the use of a sulfur furnace and a sulfur vapor condenser combined in one housing in the apparatus scheme. The proposed solution significantly reduces energy consumption and eliminates the possibility of liquid sulfur crystallizing inside the equipment. Therefore, this scheme can be considered more reliable and reasonable in comparison with the existing ones. Also, in the process scheme of the developed unit, the production of 1 ton of liquid sulfur dioxide consumes significantly less energy than in the existing technologies. To determine the design parameters of the equipment and master the processes, the article describes a lab unit for producing liquid sulfur dioxide, developed and already installed at JSC "NIUIF". At the moment, experiments are carried out at the facility for the purpose of adjusting the operation mode and collecting the physical and chemical process data.
An Empirical Study of the Impact of Systems Thinking and Simulation on Sustainability Education
Authors: Green Caroline J , Molloy Owen , Duggan Jim
Published: November 2021

Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is considered vital to the success of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Systems Thinking has been identified as a core competency necessary to incorporate into ESD. Systems Thinking orientated ESD learning tools, established methods of assessment of sustainability skills, and studies to demonstrate effectiveness of such learning tools, are all lacking. There is a wealth of experience in the System Dynamics field regarding the application of Systems Thinking and simulation to environmental problems, sustainability and systems education. Many System Dynamicists regard simulation as essential for teaching Systems Thinking. The substantial body of research into the design of effective simulation-based learning environments (SBLEs) can also inform ESD initiatives. This research describes a randomised controlled trial (n=106) to investigate whether an online sustainability learning tool that incorporates Systems Thinking and System Dynamics simulation increases understanding of a specific problem and supports transfer of knowledge to a second problem with a similar systemic structure. The effects of Systems Thinking and simulation were tested separately and in combination. The learning tool was designed for a single online learning session. Simulation was found to increase ESD learning outcomes significantly, and also to support transfer of skills, although less significantly.
A Model to Predict Upstaging to Invasive Carcinoma in Patients Preoperatively Diagnosed with Low-grade Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast
Authors: Nicosia Luca , Bozzini Anna Carla , Penco Silvia , Trentin Chiara , Pizzamiglio Maria , Lazzeroni Matteo , Lissidini Germana , Veronesi Paolo , Farante Gabriel , Frassoni Samuele , Bagnardi Vincenzo , Fodor Cristiana , Fusco Nicola , Sajjadi Elham , Cassano Enrico , Pesapane Filippo
Published: November 2021

Background: We aimed to create a model of radiological and pathological criteria able to predict the upgrade rate of low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive carcinoma, in patients undergoing vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB) and subsequent surgical excision. Methods: 3100 VABBs were retrospectively reviewed among which we reported 295 low-grade DCIS who subsequently underwent surgery. The association between patients’ features and the upgrade rate to invasive breast cancer (IBC) was evaluated by univariate analysis. Finally, we developed a predictive multivariable model based on the features which were significantly associated with the univariate analysis outcome. Results: the upgrade rate to invasive carcinoma was 10.8 %. At univariate analysis, the risk of upgrade was significantly lower in the absence of post- biopsy residual lesion (p<0.001), age > 50 (p=0.029), and in presence of low-grade DCIS only in specimens with microcalcifications (p=0.002). According to the final multivariable model, the predicted probability of diagnostic underestimation for a patient with all the three favourable features selected at univariate analysis was 1% (95% CI: 0.3%-4%). Conclusions: An easy to use predictive model of radiological and pathological criteria is able to identify patients with low-grade carcinoma in situ with low risk of upstaging to infiltrating carcinomas.
Diurnal Temperature Range in Winter Wheat Growing Regions of China: CMIP6 Model Evaluation and Comparison
Authors: Xie Wenqiang , Wang Shuangshuang , Yan Xiaodong
Published: November 2021

Diurnal temperature range (DTR) is an important meteorological component affecting the yield and protein content of winter wheat. The accuracy of climate model simulations of DTR will directly affect the prediction of winter wheat yield and quality. Previous model evaluations for worldwide or nationwide cannot answer which model is suitable for the estimation of winter wheat yield. We evaluated the ability of the coupled model intercomparison project phase 6 (CMIP6) models to simulate DTR in the winter wheat growing regions of China using CN05 observations. The root mean square error (RMSE) and the interannual varibility skill score (IVS) were used to quantitatively evaluate the ability of models in simulating DTR spatial and temporal characteristics, and the comprehensive rating index (CRI) was used to determine the most suitable climate model for winter wheat. The results showed that the CMIP6 model can reproduce DTR in winter wheat growing regions. BCC-CSM2-MR simulations of DTR in the winter wheat growing season were more consistent with observations. EC-Earth3-Veg simulated the climatological DTR best in the wheat growing regions (RMSE=0.848). Meanwhile, the evaluation for climatological DTR in China is not applicable to the evaluation of DTR in winter wheat growing regions, and the evaluation for annual DTR is not a substitute for the evaluation for winter wheat growing season DTR. Our study highlights the importance of evaluating winter wheat growing regions' DTR, which can further improve the ability of CMIP6 models simulating DTR to serve the research of climate change impact on winter wheat yield.
Psychological Effects and Parent Quality of Life in Children of Vision Loss for Uveitis
Authors: Guerriero Silvana , Palmieri Roberta , Craig Francesco , Torre Francesco La , Albano Valeria , Alessio Gianni , Lecce Paola , De Giacomo Andrea
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory disease common in children and young adults. Uveitis is most frequent serious extra-articular JIA manifestation and can lead to severe ocular complications, vision loss and permanent blindness. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of life and the psychological effects of JIA associated with uveitis (JIA-U) on these children and to explore the effect of a child’s chronic illness on parents. Materials and Methods: 30 children and adolescents with active uveitis referred to Unit of Ophthalmology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital of Bari and 30 subjects of control group were enrolled with their parents. Informed consent was signed by the subjects and four questionnaires were administered: Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), Parent Stress Index in short form (PSI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Data were collected from February 2020 to December 2020.Results: The analysis of the emotional and behavioral problems of children (CBCL) with JIA associated with uveitis, the rate of parent’s stress (PSI) and the strategies of coping with the stress (CISS) of their families did not show statistically significant differences between the clinical sample and the control group. Significant differences were observed in quality of life between the two groups. In particular, significant differences (p<0,05) were found in all domains of PedsQL: physical functioning (PF), emotional functioning (EF), social functioning (SF) and school functioning (ScF). Conclusions: This study shows a worse quality of life in children with JIA-U. Several ocular complications, eye examinations and the rigor of long-term treatment influence health-related quality of life in these children. This study suggests the importance of helping children with uveitis cope with chronic disease and may improve outcome. Inclusion of a screening related quality of life should be considered in management of children with JIA-U. Further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term impact on psychological health in these children.
The Impact of Penalty and Subsidy Mechanisms On The Decisions of Governments, Businesses, and Consumers During COVID-19 ——Tripartite Evolutionary Game Theory Analysis
Authors: Zhou Yuxun , Mafizur Rahman Mohammad , Rasheda Khanam , Taylor Brad R.
Published: November 2021

Purpose – Based on the fact that punishment and subsidy mechanisms affect the anti-epidemic incentives of major participants in a society, the issue of this paper is how the penalty and subsidy mechanisms affect the decisions of governments, businesses, and consumers during Corona Virus Disease 2019. The goal of this paper is to understand strategic selections from governments, enterprises, and consumers to maximize their respective utility during Corona Virus Disease 2019, and the impact of penalty and subsidy mechanism on the decisions of governments, businesses, and consumers.Design/Methodology/approach - This paper proposes a tripartite evolutionary game theory, involving governments, businesses, and consumers, to firstly analyze the evolutionary stable strategies and to secondly analyze the impact of penalty and subsidy mechanism on their strategy selection during Corona Virus Disease 2019. Thirdly, this paper uses numerical analysis to simulate the strategy formation process of governments, enterprises, and consumers in Japan and India based on their different penalty and subsidy mechanism.Findings – This paper suggests that there are four evolutionarily stable strategies corresponding to the actual anti-epidemic situations of different countries in reality. We find that different subsidy and penalty mechanisms lead to different evolutionary stable strategies. If governments, enterprises, and consumers fighting the pandemic together, the government need to set a low subsidy mechanism and a high penalty mechanism.Originality/value - There are some limitations in the literature, such as long term strategies, rational hypothesis, and convergence path analysis in higher dimensional evolutionary game theory. This paper fills the gap and extends the theory of COVID-19 management theory. Firstly, this paper has important practical significance. This paper finds out the long-term equilibrium strategies of governments, businesses, and consumers under Corona Virus Disease 2019, which can provide an important theoretical and decision-making basis for pandemic prevention and control. Secondly, our paper extends the analytical paradigm of the tripartite evolutionary game theory. We extend the analysis of the dynamic process from the initial point to the convergence point and make a theoretical contribution to the development of high-dimensional evolutionary game theory.
Evidence for a high-pressure isostructural transition in nitrogen
Authors: Fan Chunmei , Liu Shan , Liu Jingyi , Tang Qiqi , Wu Binbin , Tao Yu , Pu Meifang , Zhang Feng , Li Jianfu , Wang Xiaoli , He Duanwei , Lei Li
Published: November 2021

Understanding the high-pressure behaviors of diatomic molecules (H2, O2, N2, etc) is one of the most basic as well as important objective in high-pressure physics. Under high pressure diatomic molecule solids often exhibit rich crystal polymorphs. High-pressure isostructural transitions (HPIT) in solid hydrogen and oxygen, involving considerable technical challenges, have been experimentally documented, suggesting a possible prevailing pressure-driven molecular-symmetry breaking pathway. In spite of extensive efforts, however, HPIT in nitrogen has not been observed so far. Here we present a monoclinic-to-monoclinic isostructural phase transition (λ→λ’) in solid nitrogen at approximately 50 GPa accompanied with anomalies in lattice parameter, atomic volume and Raman vibron modes. Further ab initio calculations strongly confirmed the HPIT in nitrogen, showing the weak distortion of orientation and slight rotation in nitrogen molecules possibly drive the low-pressure phase, λ-N2, to an isostructural high-pressure phase, λ’-N2 without changing crystal symmetry. In addition, we probed in detail the phase stability and revisited the pressure-temperature (P-T) phase diagram of nitrogen, discovering a new high-pressure amorphous phase, η’-N2.
Optoelectronic and Birefringence Properties of Weakly Mg Doped ZnO Thin Films Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Bouachibaa Yassine , MAMMERI ABDELOUADOUD , Bouabellou Abderrahmane , rabia oualid , Saidi Saber , Taabouche Adel , Rahal Badis , Benharrat Lyes , Serrar Hacene , Boudissa Mokhtar
Published: November 2021

MgxZn1−xO thin films were deposited on glass substrate with x varied between 0.01 and 0.05 by spray pyrolysis at a temperature of 450 °C. The structural investigation showed that all thin films had ZnO wurtzite structure with a preferred (002) orientation. The gap energy was calculated using Tauc’s plot and it decreased over the Mg content by 0.07 eV. The charge carriers’ density dropped by an order of 105 as Mg content increased whereas the resistivity and the mobility increased. SEM observations revealed a significant difference between undoped and doped thin films. A 632.8 nm laser source prism coupler revealed 2 optical modes for every thin film in each Transverse Electric and Transverse Magnetic mode, the birefringence of the Mg doped films was positive. Both ordinary and extraordinary refractive indexes were found to decrease as the Mg content increased. Great intention has been paid to the relation between the refractive, charge carriers density and the optical band gap.