bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome-Wide Identification and Comprehensive Analysis of the SBT Gene Family in Soybean (Glycine max)
Authors: He Xuan , He Shanhong , Yang Jiaxin , Yue Zhiyong
Published: March 2024

Background

The SBT (Subtilisin-like serine protease) protein, acting as a crucial serine protease, exerts multifaceted roles in orchestrating plant growth, development, and defense responses by modulating cell wall characteristics and activities of extracellular signaling molecules. Despite extensive investigations into SBT family genes in model dicotyledonous plants like Arabidopsis, no studies have yet delved into the SBT gene family in soybean.

Methods

This study marks the inaugural comprehensive analysis of the SBT gene family in soybean, uncovering 118 GmSBT members categorized into six distinct subgroups. Additionally, we conducted comprehensive analyses covering syntenic relationships, exon-intron structures, motif compositions, and cis-regulatory elements. Our examination of RNA-seq data revealed distinct expression patterns of various GmSBTs across various above-ground tissues.

Results

In essence, this research bridges a critical knowledge gap concerning the SBT gene family in soybean, furnishing foundational insights that will serve as a valuable reference for future investigations into soybean developmental functions and integrated data analysis.
Tetraspanin-enriched microdomains play an important role in pathogenesis in the protozoan parasiteEntamoeba histolytica
Authors: Jiang Han , Santos Herbert J. , Nozaki Tomoyoshi
Published: March 2024

Tetraspanins (TSPANs) are a family of proteins highly conserved in all eukaryotes. Although protein-protein interactions of TSPANs have been well established in eukaryotes including parasitic protists, the role they play in parasitism and pathogenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, we characterized three representative members of TSPANs, TSPAN4, TSPAN12, and TSPAN13 from the human intestinal protozoanEntamoeba histolytica. Co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that TSPAN4, TSPAN12 and TSPAN13 are reciprocally pulled down together with several other TSPAN-interacting proteins including TSPAN binding protein of 55kDa (TBP55) and interaptin. Blue native PAGE analysis showed that these TSPANs form several complexes of 120-250 kDa. Repression oftspan12andtspan13gene expression led to decreased secretion of cysteine proteases. Meanwhile, strains overexpressing HA-tagged TSPAN12 and TSPAN13 demonstrated reduced adhesion to collagen. Altogether, this study reveals that the TSPANs, especially TSPAN12 and TSPAN13, are engaged with complex protein-protein interactions and are involved in the pathogenicity-related biological functions such as protease secretion and adhesion, offering insights into the potential regulatory mechanisms of tetraspanins in protozoan parasites.
The FAM114A proteins are adaptors for the recycling of Golgi enzymes
Authors: Welch Lawrence G. , Muschalik Nadine , Munro Sean
Published: March 2024

The Golgi apparatus contains many resident enzymes that must remain in place whilst their substrates flow through on their journey from the endoplasmic reticulum to elsewhere in the cell. COPI-coated vesicles bud from the rims of the Golgi stack to recycle Golgi residents to earlier cisternae. Different enzymes are present in different parts of the stack, and at least one COPI adaptor protein, GOLPH3, has been shown to recruit enzymes into vesicles in a specific part of the stack. We have used proximity biotinylation to identify further components of intra-Golgi transport vesicles and found FAM114A2, an uncharacterised cytosolic protein. Affinity chromatography with FAM114A2, and its paralogue FAM114A1 showed that they bind to numerous Golgi resident proteins, with membrane-proximal basic residues in the cytoplasmic tail being sufficient for the interaction. Deletion of both proteins from U2OS cells did not result in substantial defects in Golgi function. However, aDrosophilaorthologue of these proteins (CG9590/FAM114A) is also localised to the Golgi and binds directly to COPI. Generation ofDrosophilamutants lacking FAM114A revealed defects in glycosylation of glue proteins in the salivary gland. Thus, the FAM114A proteins are COPI vesicle resident proteins that bind to Golgi enzymes and so are candidate adaptors to contribute specificity to COPI vesicle recycling in the Golgi stack.
Adaptive sensor fault tolerant control with prescribed performance for unmanned autonomous helicopter based on neural networks
Authors: Wan Min , Chen Mou , Lungu Mihai
Published: March 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to study a neural network-based fault-tolerant controller to improve the tracking control performance of an unmanned autonomous helicopter with system uncertainty, external disturbances and sensor faults, using the prescribed performance method.

Design/methodology/approach

To ensure that the tracking error satisfies the prescribed performance, the authors adopt an error transformation function method. A control scheme based on the neural network and high-order disturbance observer is designed to guarantee the boundedness of the closed-loop system. A simulation is performed to prove the validity of the control scheme.

Findings

The developed adaptive fault-tolerant control method makes the system with sensor fault realize tracking control. The error transformation function method can effectively handle the prescribed performance requirements. Sensor fault can be regarded as a type of system uncertainty. The uncertainty can be approximated accurately using neural networks. A high-order disturbance observer can effectively suppress compound disturbances.

Originality/value

The tracking performance requirements of unmanned autonomous helicopter system are considered in the design of sensor fault-tolerant control. The inequality constraint that the output tracking error must satisfy is transformed into an unconstrained problem by introducing an error transformation function. The fault state of the velocity sensor is considered as the system uncertainty, and a neural network is used to approach the total uncertainty. Neural network estimation errors and external disturbances are treated as compound disturbances, and a high-order disturbance observer is constructed to compensate for them.
Consumer purchase intention for extrinsic and intrinsic cues of construction and demolition waste recycled products
Authors: Ding Zhikun , Nie Wanqi , Tam Vivian W.Y. , Illankoon Chethana
Published: March 2024

Purpose

The preferences and adoption of recycled materials by consumers are subject to a variety of factors, such as enablers and barriers. Despite this, there exists a paucity of research concerning stakeholders' perceived value and real purchase decision towards recycled products. Consequently, this research study aims to fill this gap by investigating stakeholders' perceived value of recycled products derived from construction and demolition (C&D) waste and its effect on purchase decisions.

Design/methodology/approach

Research data were collected from 219 valid questionnaires completed by Chinese stakeholders. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was then employed to test eight hypotheses.

Findings

The results show intrinsic cue (materials) and extrinsic cue (brand) influence the stakeholders’ judgment on C&D waste recycled products’ value and then their purchase intention. However, cues such as quality, word-of-mouth, price, policy and advertised have not play a significant role in practice.

Originality/value

This research study verified the significance of brand and material cues on decision making for purchasing C&D waste recycled products, providing new insights to policy making to enhance the uptake of C&D waste recycled products in construction industry.
HR directors in India: navigating institutional incoherence for HRM stability and change
Authors: Darwish Tamer K. , Khassawneh Osama , Melhem Muntaser , Singh Satwinder
Published: March 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the strategic and evolving role of human resource management (HRM) directors within the context of underdeveloped institutional arrangements. The study focuses on India and conducts a comparative analysis of the roles of HRM directors in both multinational enterprises (MNEs) and domestic firms.

Design/methodology/approach

Survey-based data from the HRM directors of 252 enterprises were gathered for the comparative analysis, including both multinational and domestic enterprises.

Findings

HRM directors in MNEs lack the proficiency required to effectively fulfil their strategic role. In addition, there has been a notable shift in the responsibilities of HRM directors in MNEs, with increased emphasis on labour movements and trade union negotiations, as opposed to traditional human resource (HR) activities. This shift suggests that the role of HRM in MNEs operating in India has been influenced by local isomorphic forces, rather than following a “pendulum swing” between home and host country institutional pressures. The prevalence of informality in the Indian institutional arrangements may act as a strong counterforce to integrating the strategic agency of MNEs' home country HRM directors into the organizational structure. Despite facing resistance from the local institutional context, HRM directors in MNEs are responding with a pushback, prioritizing labour movements and trade union negotiations over core HRM activities.

Research limitations/implications

The study highlights the broader implications for theory and practice, shedding light on the challenges faced by HRM directors in navigating incoherent institutional arrangements. It emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of local forces in shaping HRM practices within multinational settings.

Originality/value

We contribute to the comparative HRM literature by elaborating on power struggles that HRM directors face amid the dichotomies of formal power and authority that are encoded in the organizational structure versus culturally contingent power that can be accrued from engaging in informality. We also highlight their engagement in prolonged institutional mediation and change, which serves as a compensatory mechanism for the institutional shortfalls they encounter within the context of emerging markets.
Watching performing arts encourages proenvironmental hotel choices: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Ma Jianan , Li Fangxuan (Sam)
Published: March 2024

Purpose

Proenvironmental hotels and hotels with green initiatives are emerging as a method to address environmental issues and respond to tourists’ environmental concerns. To better understand what can encourage reservations in proenvironmental hotels, this study aims to investigate the connection between the performing arts watching experience and the preference for such a hotel.

Design/methodology/approach

Five scenario-based experiments were conducted. A total of 1,024 participants for the five studies were recruited with the help of Credamo, a commonly used Chinese data collection platform.

Findings

The results indicated that viewing performing arts could increase tourists’ preferences for proenvironmental hotels. This phenomenon occurred due to the fact that performing arts watching experience can induce a psychological state of self-transcendence in individuals, which, in turn, can raise their levels of altruism, and ultimately lead to proenvironmental hotel choices. This effect will not occur, however, when people watch performing arts with either an extrinsic motivation or in an analytical state.

Practical implications

The findings of this study provide hotel managers with a novel approach to market the proenvironmental attributes of their hotels and to promote tourists’ proenvironmental behaviors.

Originality/value

This study proposes performing arts viewing experiences as a novel way to encourage proenvironmental hotel choice. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to explore the impact of the performing arts watching experience on tourist behavior.
Understanding smartphone users’ app usage with restricted permissions
Authors: Maseeh Haroon Iqbal , Jebarajakirthy Charles , Sivapalan Achchuthan , Ross Mitchell , Rehman Mehak
Published: March 2024

Purpose

Smartphone apps collect users' personal information, which triggers privacy concerns for app users. Consequently, app users restrict apps from accessing their personal information. This may impact the effectiveness of in-app advertising. However, research has not yet demonstrated what factors impact app users' decisions to use apps with restricted permissions. This study is aimed to bridge this gap.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a quantitative research method, the authors collected the data from 384 app users via a structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using AMOS and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA).

Findings

The findings suggest privacy concerns and risks have a significant positive effect on app usage with restricted permissions, whilst reputation, trust and perceived benefits have significant negative impact on it. Some app-related factors, such as the number of apps installed and type of apps, also impact app usage with restricted permissions.

Practical implications

Based on the findings, the authors provided several implications for app stores, app developers and app marketers.

Originality/value

This study examines the factors that influence smartphone users' decisions to use apps with restricted permission requests. By doing this, the authors' study contributes to the consumer behaviour literature in the context of smartphone app usage. Also, by explaining the underlying mechanisms through which the principles of communication privacy management theory operate in smartphone app context, the authors' research contributes to the communication privacy management theory.
Reverse supply chains of non-profit organizations for textile reuse
Authors: Zhuravleva Anna
Published: March 2024

Purpose

Non-profit organizations (NPOs) are exposed to a highly competitive environment in which they are forced to grow their commercial activity to acquire additional financial resources. This study aims to create an understanding of how NPOs involved in textile reuse as a revenue-generating programme manage their reverse supply chains (RSC).

Design/methodology/approach

The research involves an embedded single-case study of NPOs in Finland involved in post-use textile collection. The main data sources are semi-structured interviews and participant observations.

Findings

This study is inspired by the microfoundations movement and identifies the underlying microfoundations of the NPOs’ capabilities for managing RSC for textile reuse. The study contributes to the literature by demonstrating NPOs’ lower-level, granular practices and their adaptations for achieving quality outcomes in textile reuse.

Research limitations/implications

The findings have context sensitivity and apply to the NPOs which operate in a context similar to Finland, such as in other Nordic countries.

Practical implications

This study continues the discussion on the adoption of “business-like” practices in the NPOs’ pursuit of additional revenue streams to finance humanitarian work. The findings of this study can also be transferred to the growing area of domestic textile circularity.

Social implications

Using the case of NPOs in textile reuse, the study illustrates how RSC management can serve a social, non-profit cause and transform unwanted textile products into a source of fundraising for humanitarian work.

Originality/value

This enriches the understanding of NPOs’ practices within the scope of revenue-generating programmes by examining one of them – textile reuse through charity shops from an RSC perspective.
Mediating effect of ecospirituality on the relationship between green training and voluntary workplace green behaviour in construction projects in Nigeria
Authors: Onubi Hilary Omatule
Published: March 2024

Purpose

The impact of mankind on the environment and the usage of natural resources might be influenced by spirituality, through the consciousness of creating an improved moral sense regarding the consequences of human activities and the necessity to alter these to achieve sustainable development. However, the spiritual element in the form of ecospirituality (ES) has not been sufficiently considered in pro-environmental studies as it relates to the influence of green training (GT) on voluntary workplace green behaviour (VWGB) in the construction sector. This study aims to determine the effect of GT on VWGB and the mediating effect of ES on the relationship between GT and VWGB on construction projects.

Design/methodology/approach

This study’s data were gathered through a questionnaire survey of construction site managers and project managers by adopting the probability sampling method. 249 appropriately completed questionnaires were returned. The data obtained were analysed by means of the partial least squares structural equation modelling technique (PLS-SEM).

Findings

The outcomes of the study show that GT has a significant positive impact on VWGB, while ES has a significant mediating effect on the relationship between GT and VWGB, both supporting the study’s hypotheses.

Practical implications

These findings point to the fact that the hitherto conflicting results reported in earlier studies on the GT–VWGB relationship can be attributed to the lack of consideration given to ES. Hence, special attention should be given to ES.

Originality/value

This research presents actions to enhance the transformation of GT into VWGB by giving due consideration to ES, which was not taken into account in previous studies.
A value to voice? An examination of auditor upward feedback
Authors: Gimbar Christine , Saucedo Gabriel , Wright Nicole
Published: March 2024

Purpose

In this paper, the authors examine auditor upward feedback, which provides a unique opportunity for staff auditors to exercise their voice within an audit firm. Upward feedback can improve employee perceptions of fairness and justice while mitigating feelings of burnout and turnover intentions, thus enhancing audit quality. However, it is unclear which circumstances improve the likelihood that auditors will use their voice and give feedback to superiors. The purpose of this study is to investigate contextual factors that impact the likelihood that auditors will provide upward feedback.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a 2 × 2 + 2 experiment with staff auditors, the authors test the likelihood of giving feedback when presented with different feedback systems (electronic anonymous, face-to-face or no opportunity) and experiences with managers (favorable or unfavorable).

Findings

The authors find that, while feedback type alone does not change the likelihood of auditors providing upward feedback, auditors are more likely to provide feedback after a favorable manager experience than an unfavorable one. The likelihood of providing feedback after an unfavorable experience is higher, however, when the feedback type is electronic and anonymous as opposed to face-to-face. Additional analyses illustrate strong relationships between manager experience, feedback type and procedural justice, which significantly influence the turnover intentions of staff auditors.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the authors are the first to examine the value of subordinates’ upward feedback on firm outcomes, including burnout and turnover intention.
Evaluating co-production in an interactive webinar series concerning borderline personality disorder: a discourse and content analysis
Authors: Xenophontes Ioanna , Springham Neil
Published: March 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to evaluate the quality of co-production between lived experience practitioners (LXPs) and professionals in an interactive National Health Service webinar series aimed at supporting people who were diagnosed or identified with borderline personality disorder.

Design/methodology/approach

Transcripts from the webinars were subjected to mixed-method examination combining Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA) and content analysis (CA).

Findings

FDA identified nine discursive objects: diagnosis beyond its medical context, diagnosis as a total explanation, being the other, universality, compassion, hope, faking it, mentalisation and co-production. CA demonstrated those nine discursive objects each corresponded with equalised airtime appropriated by professionals and lived experience practitioners.

Research limitations/implications

The sample was limited and if applied to other mental health settings might reveal different findings. More needs to be understood about the attitudes of professionals and LXPs that support discourse sharing. Although this study has offered evidence of the quality of co-production, it can say very little about whether the co-productive approach offers superior outcomes to other forms of treatment.

Practical implications

Further research could employ FDA and CA to further explore how co-production is being enacted in other situations, with different models, where comparable interventions are delivered. Future research could compare outcomes between co-productive and professional-only interventions.

Originality/value

This study examined naturalistic practice to build new theory in an under-researched area for a substantial mental health population.
Celebrity endorser scandal: a literature review and future research agenda
Authors: Wei Keshan (Sara)
Published: March 2024

Purpose

In recent years, negative spokesperson incidents have raised significant concerns in academia and industry. While several studies have addressed celebrity endorser scandals, comprehensive analyses of current knowledge are lacking. Therefore, this study systematically reviewed the related literature to better understand trends and suggest future research directions for advancing this field.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employs the theory–context–characteristics–methodology (TCCM) framework to examine 76 articles on celebrity endorser scandals.

Findings

Utilizing the TCCM framework, this study presents a comprehensive research framework, revealing that (1) the celebrity endorser scandal effect primarily includes associative learning, attribution of responsibility, and moral reasoning; (2) entertainment celebrities and athletes have received significant research attention; (3) both individual- and relationship-level characteristics serve as crucial moderators, with focal brand and related brand being the primary outcome variables. Additionally, this study outlines enterprise response strategies, encompassing the reformation of existing spokesperson relationships and the establishment of future spokesperson connections; and (4) quantitative approaches dominate the field.

Originality/value

This study integrates and expands existing research on celebrity endorser scandals while proposing future research opportunities to advance the field.
Can green finance be helpful in shifting from resource curse to resource blessing in China? Evidence from Markov switching equilibrium model
Authors: Jiang Chun , Qiu Yihan , Danish
Published: March 2024

Keeping aside the debate over whether resources are a burden or a blessing, the resource curse theory has been put to the test in the literature using several significant variables. The “resource curse” concept does emphasize the need for green financing, but sadly, this was not taken into account. Recently, due to strong environmental pressure, the need for green financing has been acknowledged. Keeping this in mind, it is crucial to consider how green finance might improve the use of natural resources to stimulate economic growth. Therefore, in this work, we explore the role of green financing, innovation, and economic complexity in the theory of the resource curse. The study used a Markov switching equilibrium correction model with shifts for the data from 2000 to 2019 in a Chinese context. Due to the overuse of natural resources, empirical data support the presence of the resource curse theory in China. The study's findings also support the favorable effects of innovation, the economic complexity index, and green finance on economic performance. In order to turn China's resource curse into a resource blessing, the study directs policymakers, government officials, and scholars toward theoretical and practical implications related to green finance and innovation.
Intelligence in international society: An English school perspective on the ‘five eyes’
Authors: Schuett Robert , Williams John
Published: March 2024

Despite the recent prominence of intelligence in post‐Ukraine global policy, it is a Cinderella in international relations studies. Using English School (ES) theorisation, we locate intelligence within the constellation of primary and secondary institutions in international society. Through looking at the Five Eyes, we explore where intelligence sits within widespread claims of a crisis of the post‐1945 liberal international order (LIO) and what role intelligence plays in diplomacy, war and great power management in the context of shifting global power dynamics. Following major twenty‐first century Western intelligence controversies, we argue against raison d'état approaches and for raison de système thinking. In the face of claims of a new Cold War between Russia, China and the West, we see an urgency for policymakers in open societies to re‐think intelligence from an international society perspective that is realistic and normative, and that pays attention to Global South dynamics. Insulating intelligence from politicisation is more important than ever but does not mean that intelligence is a value‐neutral government function.
The impact of musculoskeletal ill health on quality of life and function after critical care: a multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: Gustafson O. D. , King E. B. , Schlussel M. M. , Arnold A. , Wade C. , Nicol P. S. , Rowland M. J. , Dawes H. , Williams M. A.
Published: March 2024

Physical disability is a common component of post‐intensive care syndrome, but the importance of musculoskeletal health in this population is currently unknown. We aimed to determine the musculoskeletal health state of intensive care unit survivors and assess its relationship with health‐related quality of life; employment; and psychological and physical function. We conducted a multicentre prospective cohort study of adults admitted to intensive care for > 48 h without musculoskeletal trauma or neurological insult. Patients were followed up 6 months after admission where musculoskeletal health state was measured using the validated Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire score. Of the 254 participants, 150 (59%) had a musculoskeletal problem and only 60 (24%) had received physiotherapy after discharge. Functional Comorbidity Index, Clinical Frailty Scale, duration of intensive care unit stay and prone positioning were all independently associated with worse musculoskeletal health. Musculoskeletal health state moderately correlated with quality of life, rs = 0.499 (95%CI 0.392–0.589); anxiety, rs = ‐0.433 (95%CI ‐0.538 to ‐0.315); and depression, rs = ‐0.537 (95%CI ‐0.631 to ‐0.434) (all p < 0.001). Patients with a musculoskeletal problem were less physically active than those without a problem (median (IQR [range]) number of 30 min physical activity sessions per week 1 (0–3.25 [0–7]) vs. 4 (1–7 [0–7]), p < 0.001, respectively). This study found that musculoskeletal health problems were common after intensive care unit stay. However, we observed that < 25% of patients received physical rehabilitation after discharge home. Our work has identified potential high‐risk groups to target in future interventional studies.
AMPK activation modulates IL‐36‐induced inflammatory responses by regulating IκBζ expression in the skin
Authors: Huang Yi‐Ting , Chiu Ling‐Ya , Lu Po‐Hsuan , Hsiao Pa‐Fan , Wang Jen‐Yu , Lu Ping‐Hsun , Wu Nan‐Lin
Published: March 2024

Background and Purpose

The interleukin (IL)‐36 pathway is a critical player in the pathogenesis of pustular psoriasis. However, therapies targeting this pathway are limited or unaffordable (e.g. the anti‐IL‐36 receptor antibody). AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), a regulator of cellular energy and metabolism, is known to participate in inflammatory diseases. However, its role in IL‐36‐induced skin inflammation remains unclear. Therefore, we sought to investigate the role of AMPK signals in regulating IL‐36‐induced responses in the skin.

Experimental Approach

IL‐36‐stimulated primary normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and IL‐36‐injected (intradermally) BALB/c mice served as the cell and animal models, respectively. Additionally, 5‐aminoimidazole‐4‐carboxamide riboside (AICAR) and A769662 served as AMPK activators.

Key Results

AICAR and A769662 significantly suppressed the IL‐36‐induced IL‐8 (CXCL8) and CCL20 production from NHEKs. IL‐36‐induced IκBζ protein expression was prominently reduced and IKK/IκBα phosphorylation was attenuated by AICAR and A769662. Conversely, AMPKα knockdown increased IκBζ protein expression and IKK/IκBα phosphorylation in IL‐36‐treated NHEKs. Furthermore, AICAR and A769662 enhanced IL‐36‐induced‐IκBζ protein degradation via the proteasome‐dependent but not the lysosome‐dependent pathway. Pretreatment of NHEKs with IL‐36 slightly suppressed the AICAR‐ and A769662‐triggered phosphorylation of AMPK and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase. In the mouse model, topical application of AICAR significantly reduced ear swelling, redness, epidermal thickening, neutrophil infiltration and inflammatory and antimicrobial peptide gene expression.

Conclusion and Implications

AMPK activation suppresses IL‐36‐induced IL‐8 and CCL20 release by regulating IκBζ expression in keratinocytes and reduces IL‐36‐induced skin inflammation in mice, suggesting that AMPK activation is a potential strategy for treating patients with IL‐36‐mediated inflammatory skin disorders.
Flying by the river side: Survey of bat distributions and environmental contexts along a 1000‐mile river corridor, Green and Colorado Rivers, USA
Authors: Bernard Riley F. , Minckley Thomas A.
Published: March 2024

Aim

Emerging research shows how bioindicators, specifically bats, can serve as a means for monitoring conservation and management of riparian corridors for multiple taxonomic groups. To track changes in the composition or abundance of bioindicator species, researchers must attain a baseline in species presence and relative activity. We examined the spatial and temporal patterns of bat community composition and activity along a 1000‐mile river corridor to determine species diversity trends by latitude and habitat.

Location

Colorado River Basin.

Methods

Here we describe the results from an acoustic bat survey conducted opportunistically on the 2019 Sesquicentennial Colorado River Exploring Expedition. This broad, 1000‐mile survey provides a baseline for species distributions over a large geographic range.

Results

In total, we collected 63 nights of acoustic data over 70 days and recorded over 59,000 files equating to 45,363 caLL files (≥2 pulses). 18,490 (41% of caLL files) were identified as species (n = 19 bat species). We applied non‐metric multidimensional scaling to characterize spatiotemporal patterns of activity between species, as well as compared bat activity among river features and local environmental conditions (i.e., temperature and time since sunset) using an information theoretic approach.

Conclusion

Species composition varied by physiographic region and adjacent river habitat, thus providing a quantifiable measure of determining habitat quality along this major river system and providing baseline information for using bats as bioindicators of habitat quality.
Rarity mediates species‐specific responses of tropical reef fishes to protection
Authors: Sanchez Loïc , Loiseau Nicolas , Edgar Graham J. , Hautecoeur Cyril , Leprieur Fabien , Manel Stéphanie , McLean Matthew , Stuart‐Smith Rick D. , Velez Laure , Mouillot David
Published: March 2024

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are the most widely applied tool for marine biodiversity conservation, yet many gaps remain in our understanding of their species‐specific effects, partly because the socio‐environmental context and spatial autocorrelation may blur and bias perceived conservation outcomes. Based on a large data set of nearly 3000 marine fish surveys spanning all tropical regions of the world, we build spatially explicit models for 658 fish species to estimate species‐specific responses to protection while controlling for the environmental, habitat and socio‐economic contexts experienced across their geographic ranges. We show that the species responses are highly variable, with ~40% of fishes not benefitting from protection. When investigating how traits influence species' responses, we find that rare top‐predators and small herbivores benefit the most from MPAs while mid‐trophic level species benefit to a lesser extent, and rare large herbivores experience adverse effects, indicating potential trophic cascades.
Opening the black box: New insights into the role of temperature in the marine distributions of Pacific salmon
Authors: Langan Joseph A. , Cunningham Curry J. , Watson Jordan T. , McKinnell Skip
Published: March 2024

Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) spend much of their life near the ocean surface where climatic and oceanographic conditions affect their habitat and survival. Despite decades of study, critical knowledge gaps persist regarding their ecology and distributions. Consequently, it has been difficult to assess how environmental conditions influence the high‐seas distribution and habitat use of these culturally and socioeconomically important fishes, presenting challenges to fisheries managers trying to evaluate how climate change and fishing activities may impact salmon populations. We used a recently compiled, comprehensive database of historical coastal and high‐seas salmon survey data (1953–2022) in the North Pacific to fit species distribution models that (1) characterize the marine spatial distribution of six species of Oncorhynchus, (2) evaluate species‐specific temperature preferences, and (3) investigate how species' temperature preferences influence distribution. Sea surface temperature, along with seasonal migrations associated with spawning and feeding, significantly affects the distribution of all species, where the warm limits of estimated preferred thermal ranges were more similar than the cold limits. Furthermore, the distributions of some species appear more responsive to temperature than others and recently observed warm conditions have likely impacted realized ranges. These models have expanded our understanding of salmon ocean distributions and thermal niches by providing a unique window into this often unobserved but important part of the life cycle. They also serve as a baseline for future investigations into the mechanisms influencing salmon spatial ecology, responses to climate change, and vulnerability to harvest across the North Pacific.
Fatigue life prediction of composite bolted joints based on finite element model and machine learning
Authors: Ma Shuai , Tian Kun , Sun Yi , Yang Chaozhi , Yang Zhiqiang
Published: March 2024

This study proposes a fatigue life prediction method for composite bolted joints, which combines algorithm optimization‐based hybrid neural networks with finite element modeling. First, based on the Hashin failure criterion of physical mechanism, a finite element model for fatigue life prediction of composite bolted joints is established, and the simulation calculations have been conducted using various initial conditions. Then, by integrating the simulation and experiment data, we have established a fatigue life database that serves machine learning training and prediction. Finally, the data undergo a comprehensive process of deep feature extraction through the utilization of a convolutional neural network (CNN). The resulting deep features are utilized as inputs for training the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) to predict fatigue life. The results indicate this synergistic combination of CNN and BPNN results in a substantial improvement in prediction accuracy and has remarkable superiority in predicting the fatigue life of composite bolted joints.
A novel mitochondria‐related core gene signature to predict the prognosis and evaluate tumour microenvironment in CESC single‐cell validation
Authors: Ying Lingxiao , Kong Lin , Qiu Xiaoxiao , Cheng Aihua , Wang Qijun , Xiu Limeng , Shi Jinmei , Tao Yanfei , Chai Zhihong
Published: March 2024

Mitochondria and their related genes (MTRGs) are pivotal in the tumour microenvironment (TME) of cervical cancer, influencing prognosis and treatment response. This study developed a prognostic model using MTRGs to predict overall survival (OS) in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC), aiming for personalized therapy. Analysing 14 MTRGs like ISCU and NDUFA11 through techniques such as univariate Cox regression, we found that a low mitochondrial (MT) score is associated with better survival, while a high MT score predicts poorer outcomes. The TME score, particularly influenced by CD8 T cells, also correlates with prognosis, with a high score indicating favourable outcomes. The interplay between MT and TME subtypes revealed that the best prognosis is seen in patients with a low MT and high TME score. Our findings highlight the role of MTRGs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cervical cancer, offering a novel approach to improving patient outcomes through a more nuanced understanding of mitochondrial function and immune interactions within the TME. This model presents a promising avenue for enhancing the precision of prognostic assessments in CESC.
In vitro comparison of accuracy between conventional and digital impression using elastomeric materials and two intra‐oral scanning devices
Authors: Palantza Eirini , Sykaras Nikitas , Zoidis Panagiotis , Kourtis Stefanos
Published: March 2024

Aim

The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of full‐arch conventional implant impressions using two different materials (A‐silicone and polyether) to full‐arch digital implant impressions produced from two intraoral scanning devices.

Materials and Methods

A master model was fabricated representing an edentulous mandible with four implants with internal connection placed at the sites of canines and first molars. The anterior implants were parallel to the residual ridge, while the two posterior implants had an angulation of 15° to the distal and 15° to the lingual respectively. The conventional technique was performed with open‐tray of non‐splinted impression copings. Two different impression materials were used, A‐silicone and polyether at monophase medium body consistencies. The digital impressions were obtained with the use of two different intraoral scanners, after the connection of scan bodies. A total of 10 impressions were produced for each of the four experimental groups. The conventional models as well as the master model were digitized using a high‐resolution laboratory scanner. The STL files of the models and of the intraoral impressions were imported in a powerful superimposition software, for the conduction of measurements in pairs of files. The software calculated the 3D deviations, as well as the linear and angular displacements among scan bodies at the digital files. For “trueness” measurements every STL file of each experimental group was superimposed to the digital master model, while for “precision” measurements all STL files of each experimental group were superimposed to each other.

Results and Conclusions

The accuracy of full arch mandibular implant impressions was influenced both by the impression technique used (conventional vs. digital) and the impression material used (A‐silicone vs. polyether) or the intraoral scanner used (Trios vs. Heron).

In terms of “trueness,” A‐silicone showed the highest impression accuracy with the lowest deviation values, followed by polyether and Trios, but the differences between the three groups were in the majority not statistically significant. Heron showed statistically lower accuracy results in all measurements compared to the other groups.

In terms of “precision”, conventional impressions with the use of A‐Silicone or polyether were statistically significantly superior to digital impressions with either scanner. A‐Silicone and polyether showed no statistically significant difference between them.
Critical material requirements and recycling opportunities for US wind and solar power generation
Authors: Lee Tessa , Yao Yuan , Graedel Thomas E. , Miatto Alessio
Published: March 2024

The deployment of renewable energy generation technologies, driven primarily by concerns over catastrophic climate change, is expected to increase rapidly in the United States. Rapid increases in the deployment of wind and solar energy will translate to increases in critical material requirements, causing concern that demand could outstrip supply, leading to mineral price volatility and potentially slowing the energy transition. This study presents a detailed demand‐side model for wind and solar in the United States using dynamic material flow analysis to calculate the requirements for 15 elements: Cr, Zn, Ga, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Te, Pr, Nd, Tb, Dy, and Pb. Results show that transitioning to a completely decarbonized US energy system by 2050 could require a five‐to‐sevenfold increase in critical material flow‐into‐use compared with business as usual (BAU), with some materials requiring much larger increases. Rare earth elements (REEs) could require 60–300 times greater material flows into the US power sector in 2050 than in 2021, representing 13%–49% of the total global REE supply. Te requirements for reaching net zero by 2050 could exceed current supply, posing challenges for widespread deployment of cadmium‐telluride solar. We also investigate several strategies for reducing material requirements, including closed‐loop recycling, material intensity reduction, and changing market share of subtechnologies (e.g., using crystalline silicon solar panels instead of cadmium telluride). Although these strategies can significantly reduce critical material requirements by up to 40% on average, aggressive decarbonization will still require a substantial amount of critical material.
Implications of childhood adversity for women's perinatal sleep quality and depressive symptoms over time: A serial mediation model
Authors: Epstein Crystal Modde , Lustermans Hellen , McCoy Thomas P. , Beijers Roseriet , Leerkes Esther M. , de Weerth Carolina
Published: March 2024

This study sought to examine the effects of childhood adversity on the longitudinal associations between perinatal sleep quality and depressive symptoms, and to determine the prospective associations between these constructs over time. A cross‐lagged autoregressive model was used to examine the longitudinal association between sleep quality and depressive symptoms at four points during the perinatal period: 18 and 32 weeks of pregnancy, and 6 and 12 weeks postpartum. Longitudinal mediation models were used to examine whether sleep quality or depressive symptoms mediated the effects of childhood adversity on these symptoms. Most participants (86%) reported poor sleep quality during pregnancy. Significant cross‐lagged effects of depressive symptoms on subsequent sleep quality were observed during pregnancy and postpartum. Depressive symptoms significantly mediated the effects of childhood trauma on sleep quality during pregnancy, but sleep quality did not significantly mediate the effects of childhood trauma on depressive symptoms. While sleep quality and depressive symptoms tend to co‐occur, our analyses indicate that perinatal depressive symptoms work as the primary driver of sleep quality over time. Childhood adversity may have long‐reaching effects in women as it was associated with more depressive symptoms in the perinatal period, which in turn appeared to undermine sleep quality.
LORE receptor homomerization is required for 3‐hydroxydecanoic acid‐induced immune signaling and determines the natural variation of immunosensitivity within the Arabidopsis genus
Authors: Eschrig Sabine , Schäffer Milena , Shu Lin‐Jie , Illig Tina , Eibel Sonja , Fernandez Atiara , Ranf Stefanie
Published: March 2024

The S‐domain‐type receptor‐like kinase (SD‐RLK) LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE‐SPECIFIC REDUCED ELICITATION (LORE) from Arabidopsis thaliana is a pattern recognition receptor that senses medium‐chain 3‐hydroxy fatty acids, such as 3‐hydroxydecanoic acid (3‐OH‐C10:0), to activate pattern‐triggered immunity. Here, we show that LORE homomerization is required to activate 3‐OH‐C10:0‐induced immune signaling.

Fluorescence lifetime imaging in Nicotiana benthamiana demonstrates that AtLORE homomerizes via the extracellular and transmembrane domains. Co‐expression of AtLORE truncations lacking the intracellular domain exerts a dominant negative effect on AtLORE signaling in both N. benthamiana and A. thaliana, highlighting that homomerization is essential for signaling.

Screening for 3‐OH‐C10:0‐induced reactive oxygen species production revealed natural variation within the Arabidopsis genus. Arabidopsis lyrata and Arabidopsis halleri do not respond to 3‐OH‐C10:0, although both possess a putative LORE ortholog. Both LORE orthologs have defective extracellular domains that bind 3‐OH‐C10:0 to a similar level as AtLORE, but lack the ability to homomerize. Thus, ligand binding is independent of LORE homomerization. Analysis of AtLORE and AlyrLORE chimera suggests that the loss of AlyrLORE homomerization is caused by several amino acid polymorphisms across the extracellular domain.

Our findings shed light on the activation mechanism of LORE and the loss of 3‐OH‐C10:0 perception within the Arabidopsis genus.
Rice ins(3)P synthase1 (RINO1) participates in embryonic development by regulating inositol‐associated changes in auxin synthesis and its distribution
Authors: Zhou Lujian , Xiong Yiqin , Asad Muhammad‐Asad‐Ullah , Guan Xianyue , Zhang Yan , Su Da , Pan Gang , Cheng Fangmin
Published: March 2024

The breeding of low phytic acid (LPA) crops is widely considered an effective strategy to improve crop nutrition, but the LPA crops usually have inferior seed germination performance. To clarify the reason for the suboptimal seed performance of LPA rice, this study investigated the impact of reduced seed phytic acid (InsP6) content in rice ins(3)P synthase1 (EC 5.5.1.4, RINO1), one of the key targets for engineering LPA rice, knockouton cellular differentiation in seed embryos and its relation to myo‐inositol metabolism and auxin signalling during embryogenesis. The results indicated that the homozygotes of RINO1 knockout could initiate differentiation at the early stage of embryogenesis but failed to form normal differentiation of plumule and radicle primordia. The loss of RINO1 function disrupted vesicle trafficking and auxin signalling due to the significantly lowered phosphatidylinositides (PIs) concentration in seed embryos, thereby leading to the defects of seed embryos without the recognizable differentiation of shoot apex meristem (SAM) and radicle apex meristem (RAM) for the homozygotes of RINO1 knockout. The abnormal embryo phenotype of RINO1 homozygotes was partially rescued by exogenous spraying of inositol and indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) in rice panicle. Thus, RINO1 is crucial for both seed InsP6 biosynthesis and embryonic development. The lower phosphatidylinositol (4,5)‐bisphosphate (PI (4,5) P2) concentration and the disorder auxin distribution induced by insufficient inositol supply in seed embryos were among the regulatory switch steps leading to aberrant embryogenesis and failure of seed germination in RINO1 knockout.