bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MOUTHGUARDS
Authors: Khan Salman Ashraf , Fatima Mariam , Hassan Muhammad , Khalid Naima , Iqbal Ayesha , Raja Anum Ahmed , Annas Mohammad
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Contemporary dentistry has shifted its paradigm from therapeuticto preventive. Dento-alveolar injuries are quiet frequently reported and sports remain as oneof the major cause. In Pakistan contact sports like boxing, hockey, football etc are activelyplayed at all levels. It is the need of the hour to prevent the dental and dento-alveolar injuriesresulting from these. Literature suggests that mouthguard is the best option available. Aimsand Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the level of awareness about mouthguardsin final year students, PG trainees, and faculty of University College of Dentistry and privatedental practitioners of Lahore. Also the results shall be utilized to assess the need of awarenessprogrammes that can be of help to the dentist and help serve the community. Study Design:cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. Setting: Study was carried out in UniversityCollege of Dentistry and private practitioners of Lahore. Period: Study was carried out over aperiod of 6 months. Material and Methods: 87% responded to questionnaire distributed from asample of 200. Results: Results show that the students had the least knowledge (63%) whereas100% of the assistant professors and above had knowledge of mouthguard. general dentistsand the senior faculty was the one with higher percentages which recommended mouthguards53% and 80% respectively. Conclusion: Results lead to the conclusion that there is a need toimprove the competency level of the dentists regarding mouthguards, their benefits, fabricationetc. so they can educate the patients, promote the use if mouthguards and limit the incidence ofinjuries. Further research projects need to be funded to highlight the importance of mouthguardsand their use should be encouraged.
LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors: Kamal Mustma , Akhtar Naveed , Murtaza Ghulam , Azad Najaf
Published: August 2021

Background: Gallstones and biliary sludge accounted for 30–55% of acutepancreatitis in the West whereas in other countries the incidence of all cases of pancreatitisamounts up to 68.5%. The risk of subsequent attacks for patients recovering from the firstattack of acute biliary pancreatitis is 30-fold higher than general population. Further attackscan be prevented by cholecystectomy. Both immediate and delayed cholecystectomies areused with different degree of success and complication rates. Objectives: To compare thefrequencies of complications in early and late cholecystectomy in cases of mild acute biliarypancreatitis. Material & Methods:… Study Design: Randomized control trial. Setting: Surgicalunit I Nishtar Medical College/ Hospital Multan. Duration of Study: 2 years from 1-1-2015 to31-12-3016. Sample Size: Total 172 patients, 86 in each group. Sampling Technique: Nonprobability,consecutive sampling. Results: In this study there were total 172 cases out ofwhich 89 (51.74%) were males and 83 (48.26%) females. The mean age was 42.02± 6.36 yearsand mean duration of symptoms was 4.08± 2.54 days. Mean duration of surgery was 53.30±6.30 minutes. There were 47 males in the group undergoing early cholecystectomy and 39 indelayed with p= 0.44. Both groups had maximum cases in age group of 40-50 year with p=0.39. There was no significant difference in terms of duration of symptoms (p=0.26) in bothgroups. There was significant difference in terms of prolonged duration of surgery where it wasseen in 8 (9.30%) out of 86 cases with early as compared to 2 (2.33%) out of 86 cases withdelayed cholecystectomy with p value of 0.05. Prolonged duration of hospital stay was alsomore seen in early cholecystectomy as compared to delayed one, seen in 10 (11.63) cases inearly and 4 (4.65%) cases with delayed surgery in their respective groups with p= 0.09. Therewas significant difference (p= 0.008) in terms of per operative complication with early surgerywhere it affected the 18 (20.93%) cases as compared to delayed one with 6 (6.95%) cases.There was again significant difference shown in terms of recurrence of pancreatitis which wasseen in 7 (8.14%) of cases with early as compared to 1 (1.16%) with delayed surgery withp= 0.03. Conclusion: Early and late cholecystectomies both are performed in tertiary carehospitals. The late cholecystectomy has shown significantly lower per operative complications,duration of surgery and chances of the recurrent pancreatitis.
GOITER
Authors: Saqlain Syeda Saniya , Memon Khadim Hussain , Ursani Tahira Jabeen , Ujjan Safdar Ali
Published: August 2021

Objectives: The object of this study was to observe prevalence of Goiter disorderand to classify the Goiter patients regarding sex, age and find various conditions of goiter patientin different talukas of district Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan. Introduction: Thyroid gland is the largestorgan of the endocrine system, located in the region of neck. Thyroid disease is a conditionthat disturbs the function of the thyroid gland. Over activity of thyroid gland to release excessquantity of hormones is called hyperthyroidism and under activity of thyroid gland to releaseless quantity of hormones is called hypothyroidism. Enlargement or swellings in the neck regionresulting from goiter disorder of the thyroid gland. Goiter is caused due to iodine deficiencyas seen in more than 90.54% cases worldwide. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are twocondition that can develop goiter disorder. Study Design: Prospective study was carried outthrough a questionnaire. Setting: Different Taluka Hospitals of District Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan.Period: January-2017 to March-2017. Methodology: The data was collected from 57 patients indifferent taluka hospitals of district Sukkur. The collected data includes interviewing of patientsand their Physicians, review of their biochemical tests to check levels of; T3, T4 and TSH andtheir radiological features (thyroid scan). Recorded data was related to age, gender, body mass(weight), life style and family history. Result: The highest prevalence of goiter was observed inAnwar Piracha hospital 45%, Civil hospital Sukkur 14 %, Red Crescent hospital 8.8 %, Sukkurhospital 7.0 %, Taluka hospital Panoaqil 5.3 %, Taluka hospital Rohri 5.3 %, and Al-khair hospital3.5 %. In these areas, the ratio of female patients (94.7 %) was greater than ratio of male patients(5.3%). In our study it was observed that the female patients were greatly affected from the ageof 25-50 years as compare to male patients. The patients with hypothyroidism were observed inhigh percentage (24.6%) and high percentage in cold nodule in (left and right lobe) (17.5%) ascompare to other goiter conditions. Conclusion: This study concludes that the goiter diseaseis present at an alarming level in different talukas of district Sukkur Sindh Pakistan. Therefore,proper actions should be taken to control goiter disorder in district Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan.
ALVARADO SCORING SYSTEM
Authors: Ahmad Rizwan , Liaquat Ammara , Liaquat Amna
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy (discrimination) andimplementation performance of Alvarado score. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting:Surgical Unit of Nishtar Hospital Multan under supervision of consultant Surgeons of Department.Period: 01 year from November 2016 to October 2017. Methodology: For quantitative variableslike age of patients Mean and SD was calculated, and frequency percentages were calculatedfor categorical data like gender. Negative appendectomy rate, positive predictive value,negative predictive value, sensitivity, specificity was calculated by using 2-2 contingency table.Results: Overall, 100% (n=300) patients enrolled in this study, both genders. Alvarado scoringat presentation, 15% (n=45) patients were categorized into Group I. 13% (n=39) patients wereincluded in Group II. While, 72% (n=216) were enrolled in Group III. Diagnostic test was positivein 223 patients. While, acute appendicitis was confirmed histo-pathologically in 160 patients.Gangrenous appendicitis observed in 3 patients. Chronic appendicitis, perforated appendicitis,appendicular abscess, no specific pathology, gangrenous intestine and salpingo-oophoritiswas observed as 31, 6, 9, 6, 3 and 5 respectively. There were 174 patients true positive, 49 werefalse positive, 59 were false negative and 18 were true negative. Sensitivity, specificity, negativepredictive value and negative predictive value were 74.68% 26.87%, 78.02% and 23.37%respectively. Conclusion: Alvarado scoring system is useful tool in diagnosis of appendicitisin pre-operative period which can be useful for surgeons at any level of health care. Accordingto our study observations Alvarado scoring system has better sensitivity 74.68% but specificity26.87% which shows that Alvarado scoring system is helpful in diagnosis of appendicitis but notmuch helpful in preventing negative laparotomies.
ASCORBIC ACID
Authors: Abdul Haq Aisha , Jabeen Sarwat , Nigar Soofia
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To demonstrate the volume changes that are produced byanthracycline Doxorubicin DOX on the testes of mice and designed to study volumetric changesin DOX affected testes with co-administration of antioxidant Vitamin C. Design: An experimentalstudy. Setting: Institute of Basic Medical Sciences. Dow University of Health Sciences. Period:September 2011 to May 2012. Methods: Experimental study using thirty male mice of fiveweeks old were separated into 3 groups (A, B & C). Each group had ten mice and was treatedwith normal saline 1 ml intraperitoneal (IP) in group A, DOX alone (0.003 mg in 0.03ml /gmbody weight IP for 3 doses on 6th, 8th and 10th day of study) in group B and DOX (0.003 mgin 0.03ml /gm body weight IP for 3 doses on 6th, 8th and 10th day of study) + Vitamin C (0.5mg in 0.01ml/gm body weight per orumdaily) in group C. After completion of study, animalswere sacrificed and the testes were kept in Bouin’s fluid and volume was measured. Results:By using SPSSS version 16, statistical analysis was done, using ANOVA test to evaluate thesignificance of concerned parameter among different groups studied. The administration ofDOX induced significant reduction (P <0.001) of volume of testes when compared to controls.However co-administration of Vitamin C with DOX significantly increase (P <0.001) the volumeas compared to DOX group. Conclusion: This study suggested that the antioxidant VitaminC has a significant role in ameliorating the damage of testes induced by DOX, showingimprovement in the morphology and morphometry of testes.
POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN CHILDREN
Authors: Askri Mohsin Riaz , Maqbool Shumyala , Mirza Muhammad Afzal , Rauf Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To compare the mean duration of pain relief using caudal bupivacainewith and without neostigmine for postoperative analgesia in children undergoing infra-umbilicalsurgery. Study design: Randomized Controlled trial. Settings: Department of AnaesthsiaChildren Hospital/Institute of child health Faisalabad& Independent university hospitalFaisalabad. Duration of Study: Six months from July 2017 to December 2017. Methods: 60patients (30 in each group) were included in this study. Group-A given 1ml/kg of 0.25% caudalbupivacaine and Group-B given 1ml/kg of 0.25% caudal bupivacaine and 2μg/kg neostigmine.Results: Mean age was 4.20±1.09 and 4.13±1.07 years in group-A and B, respectively. Sexdistribution shows, 22 patients (73.3%) in group-A and 9 (30.0%) in group-B were male while 8patients (26.7%) of group-A and 11 patients (36.7%) of group-B were female. Mean duration ofrelief of pain (hours) in group-A was 6.70±2.12 hours and in group-B was 11.97±3.80 hours.Difference between group-A and group-B was considered statistically significant (P<0.001).Conclusion: Neostigmine with bupivacaine caudally in paediatric patients increases theduration of analgesia. However, neostigmine may be used for prolongation of caudal analgesia.
TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINAL PLANE BLOCK
Authors: Haider Syed Aftab , Sultan Atqua , Salman Zaira , Waris Salman
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of co-administration of magnesiumsulphate (MgSO4) with bupivacaine in enhancing the analgesic efficacy of Transversusabdominus plane block (TAP block) in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy.Study Design: Randomized clinical single blinded trial. Setting: Department of Anesthesia,Nishtar Medical University/Hospital Multan. Period: 07 months from March 2017 to October2018. Methods: We included female patients who presented with uterine or ovarian cancer andplanned for total abdominal hysterectomy. In group B patients (n=30) TAP block was givenusing 0.25% bupivacaine (20 ml). In group M patients (n=30), 19.4 ml 0.25% bupivacaine plus0.60 ml Mg sulphate. Mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, VAS pain score and time of1st rescue analgesia and total dose of rescue analgesia was noted in all patients. For dataanalysis we used independent sample t-test (Mann-Whitney U test for skewed data) to comparequantitative variables. Chi-square test we used for comparison of ASA status. P-value < 0.05was taken as significant difference. Results: Mean VAS pain score after 1 hour was 3.27+1.70in group B and 2.23+1.35 in group M (p-value 0.012), after 2 hours mean VAS pain score was4.03+2.10 in group B and 2.47+1.25 in group M (p-value 0.001), after 6 hours mean VAS scorewas 4.53+2.62 in group B and 3.27+1.36 in group M (p-value 0.02). Mean VAS pain score after12 and 24 hour of shifting the patient in recovery room was no significantly different between thegroups (p-value 0.55 & 0.08 resp.). Mean time of 1st rescue analgesia was 7.53+4.92 hours ingroup B versus 13.96+2.25 hours in group M. Conclusion: Administration of 200 mg of MGSO4with bupivacaine for TAP block significantly improves the duration of analgesia and reduces therequirement of rescue analgesics in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy.
CAESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Bano Saeeda , Muzaffar Myda , Zafar Masooma , Yousaf Fareeha
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Caesarean Section (CS) is a surgical procedure carried out for thedelivery of the baby when circumstances render the possibility of a safe vaginal birth. Thoughcaesarean section can be life-saving in many situations, its unnecessary use has become a globalhealth concern. For almost 3 decades, the ideal rate for caesarean sections was consideredto be between 10% and 15% but its consistently increasing frequency over the past years hasbrought it to limelight. Objective: To determine the frequency and indications of Caesareansection at DHQ Teaching Hospital, Sahiwal. Study Design: A Cross-sectional descriptive study.Setting: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, DHQ Teaching Hospital, Sahiwal affiliatedwith Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal. Period: It was carried out over a period of 6 monthsfrom December, 2016 to May, 2017. Methods: All the caesarean sections carried out during thestudy duration were included. Both maternal and fetal indications were recorded. The patientsnot willing to participate were not included. Results: Out of the total, Caesarean Sectionaccounted for 44.7% of the total deliveries. 72.05 % were elective and 27.49% were emergencyprocedures. Most Common Indications were found out to be previous >2 C-Sections (36.4%),previous 1 C-Section (28.3%). Rest of them were breech presentation (2.69%), obstructed labor(1.68%), fetal distress (2.6%), placenta previa (8.08%), APH (2.02%), post-dated pregnancy(4.04%), uterine rupture (7.56%) and others (6.58%). Conclusion: It was concluded that >2previous C-Sections is the most common indication. The high frequency should be controlledby proper counselling and education of the mothers and families, regarding the complicationsof caesarean section.
LUPUS NEPHRITIS
Authors: Khalid Sobia , Wahid Zakia , Mujahid M. Jahangir , Mujahid Shehla , Tanvir Imrana , Naseem Nadia , Riaz Sabiha , Nagi A. H.
Published: August 2021

Categorization of proteinuria and hematuria in patients with lupus nephritis at atertiary care center Lahore. Objectives: Distribution of proteinuria and hematuria has a pivotalrole in renal complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Proteinuria and hematuriahas been included as an independent descriptor in the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI).Hence this study aims to categorize the proteinuria and hematuria in local population. DataSource: Fatima Memorial Hospital. Design of Study: Descriptive study. Setting: This studywas conducted in the Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, at University ofHealth Sciences, Lahore. Samples were collected from the department of pathology at FatimaMemorial Hospital Lahore. Period: In 2015 from January till December. Methods: Urine wascollected from 38 cases both male and female patients immediately prior to biopsy for evaluationof lupus nephritis. Relevant laboratory investigations, serum Antinuclear antibody (ANA) andAnti-double stranded DNA (Anti dsDNA) levels and renal function tests were recorded. Theproteinuria and hematuria were detected and categorized by dipstick methods. Proteinuria wascategorized on the following scale: 1+ = 200 - 500 mg/24 hours, 2+ = 500 - 1500 mg/24hours, 3+ = 2500-3500 mg/24 hours and 4+ = >3500 mg/24 hours. Microscopic hematuriais categorized via RBC/HPF: 0–2 (negative), 3–10 (1+), 11–50 (2+), 51–100 (3+), and 100+(4+). Microscopic hematuria was categorized as RBC/HPF: 0–2 (negative), 3–10 (1+), 11–50(2+), 51–100 (3+), and 100+ (4+). Results: Among 38 patients the male to female ratio was1:5. Mean age of the patients was 26.55 ± 8.13 years with age range of 14-49 years. A total of37 (97.3 %) cases had proteinuria. The intensity of proteinuria was graded as 1+ in 4 (10.53%),2+ in 14 (36.84%) and 3+ in 19 (50%) patients. Haematuria was present in 31 (81.58%) cases.Among these patients, the intensity was graded as 1+ in 11 (28.95%), 2+ in 9 (23.68 %) and3+ in 11 (28.95%) cases. Serum ANA and anti dsDNA were positive in all cases regardless ofdisease progression. None of the variable showed any significant association when comparedstatistically. Conclusions: The grade of proteinuria increases rapidly with progression of thelupus nephritis in SLE which may be partly due to delayed diagnosis and brisk activity of therenal flares and partly as complication in SLE treatment in our population. Hematuria in thepresence of proteinuria alone can suggest glomerular disease progression without the need forextensive urological investigations.
ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSIES
Authors: Nasir Sabeen , Khan Muhammad Mumtaz , Sharif Naveed , Alam Sadaf , Ziaullah Sara , Ahmad Sajjad
Published: August 2021

Background: In histopathology, inter-observer variability is frequently encounterleading to diagnostic dilemma. Endometrial biopsies are one of them where multiple factorsincluding hormonal influences make the interpretation difficult. The aim of the article was tofind the interobserver variability level between two consultants on endometrial biopsies byapplying kappa and ICC analysis. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Department ofPathology Peshawar Medical College Peshawar from Health Care Centre, University Town,Peshawar. Period: March to August 2013. Methods: This study consisted of 102 endometrialbiopsies of infertile women on 22nd or 23rd day of menstrual cycle. All cases were examined bytwo consultants separately and formed their opinions independent of each other according toNoye’s criteria. Their opinions were categorized as those in agreement, with minor disagreementand with major difference in opinion. Results: Agreement of opinion was established only in 34(33.3%) cases. There was disagreement in 68 (66.7%) of cases. Out of these 68 cases, 46 (68%)belonged to the category of major conflicting opinion. In case of minor conflicting opinion,there was difference in specific day of the phase of menstrual cycle. The Kappa coefficient andICC statistics was performed which gave the overall results as fair agreement. Conclusion:The main cause of disagreement was difficulty in applying the criteria for effects of hormonalinfluences on endometrial biopsies leading to subjective interpretation.
CHRONIC PERSISTENT ASTHMA
Authors: Hasan Syed Saud , Khan Moosa , Sultana Musarrat , Farooqui Muhammad Talha , Iqbal Asif
Published: August 2021

Asthma, a chronic inflammatory disorder, prevalence is high in all ages,characterizes by cough, dyspnea, chest compression, wheezing and considerable impairmentin physical activities. Study Design: An interventional study. Objectives: Observe improvementin pulmonary functions, symptoms& quality of daily life with safety profile in chronic moderatepersistent asthma. Place & Duration: Approved with BASR University of Karachi and conductedwith the participation BMSI (Pharmacology), JPMC & Eastern Medicine HMU, Karachi. Method& Materials: Total 120 diagnosed with objective signs of reversibility, by measuring at least12% increase in FEV1, after 15 minutes with an inhalation of 200 microgram (μg) Salbutamol ofasthmatic patients were registered & divided in two groups.Group-A treated with oral Borage1.3 gram once plus Echium seed oil 500mg twice daily & Group B treated with Borage 1.3 gramonce plus Echium seed oil 500mg twice along with oral Bambuterol 10mg once daily for 90days, results of Spirometry, PEFR, daily dairy symptoms card and clinical questionnaire werestatistically evaluated, to estimate the improvement and compliance of the drugs. Results:Borage & Echium treated groups from baseline to day-90, FEV1 mean 1.30+0.02 (L) change of4.7%, FVC mean 2.3+0.3 increase of 2.19%, PEFR mean 186.3+34.1 (L/mints) change 4.1%.In group-B, FEV1 mean 1.5+0.3 increase of 13.3%, FVC mean 2.5+0.4 increase of 9.2%, PEFRmean 215.8+50.3, change of 15.2%, results are highly significant. Symptoms of daily dairycard in both group shows improvement, and reduction in night sleep awakening and clinicalquestionnaire shows improved symptoms, decreased need of recue medicine at day-90.Conclusion: Combination therapy, provided synergistic effect, to reduce the severity, improvesymptoms, quality of life along with the safety profile, results are highly significant.
FOLIC ACID INTAKE
Authors: Hashmi1 Aamira , Tahir Qandeel , Imran Muhammad , Azam Naila , Roshan Rukhsana , Ali Farman
Published: August 2021

Objectives: Study objectives were devised to assess perceptions of womenregarding importance of folic acid intake, to evaluate role of healthcare providers in counselingof women for folic acid intake, to find out association between perceptions of women withfolic acid intake practices and with counseling of healthcare providers. Study Design: A crosssectional survey. Setting: Gynecology and Obstetrics Wards and OPDs of Tertiary Care andTeaching Hospitals of District Rawalpindi. Period: July-December 2016. Methodology: Studyparticipants were approached by using convenient sampling technique and sample size was of271 women of reproductive age. attending gynecology and obstetrics wards and OPDs of tertiarycare and teaching hospitals of district Rawalpindi. After obtaining consent from institutionalreview board, an interview-based questionnaire was used as data collection tool. Results:Out of 271 women of childbearing age, 60% perceived the importance of folic acid intake indiet. The highest counseling contribution was from doctors (57.6%) while evaluation of role ofhealthcare providers was done regarding counseling. Those who had perceived importanceof folic acid had a significant better intake (p = 0.03). There was a significant associationbetween role of healthcare providers and perceptions (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Majority ofwomen perceived importance of folic acid intake and doctors were playing a significant role incounseling of women regarding folic acid intake during pregnancy. Folic acid intake practiceswere significantly influenced by women’s own perceptions and role of healthcare providers wasa very important factor to direct perceptions of women.
INTUBATION IN OBESE PATIENTS
Authors: Raza Sajjad , Ali Liaqat , Nadeem Asif
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of ratio of neck circumferenceto thyromental distance to predict the difficult intubation in obese patients by using Intubationdifficulty scale as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Durationof Study: Jinnah Hospital, Department of Anesthesia, Lahore from August 2013 to July 2014.Methodology: 250 patients were included. Ratio of neck circumference to thyromental distancewas measured during preoperative assessment in all patients. Results: There were 59.2% malesand 40.8% females with mean age of patients was 37.13+11.64 years. 19.2% patients showeddifficult intubation and 80.8% easy. Sensitivity of NC/TM was 89.58% and Specificity 72.77% withpositive predictive value of 43.88% and Negative predictive value of 96.71%. Conclusion: Neckcircumference to thyromental distance ratio is sensitive method for determining the difficultintubation among obese patients.
ANÁLISE DA COMPOSIÇÃO ARQUITETÔNICA DE RESIDÊNCIAS DE ARQUITETOS PROJETADAS PARA USO PRÓPRIO, CONSTRUÍDAS ENTRE 1961 e 1985 EM CURITIBA.
Authors: Stival Fernanda bertoli , Sangalli Ana Paula Santos , Basílio Lilian Karine
Published: August 2021

A geometria dos edifícios, a configuração de espacialidades e as relações entre eles são instrumentos organizadores de espaços e elementos construídos. Conhecer os aspectos compositivos de uma obra co
CLUSTERING OF THE ECONOMY AS A MEANS OF DEVELOPING AN INNOVATION INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: Kniazevych Anna , Olikhovskyi Volodymyr , Olikhovska Marta
Published: September 2021

The experience of the functioning of national innovation systems in the developed countries indicates that the development of an innovative model of the national economy is impossible without the formation of an active innovation infrastructure. The article deals with the problems of formation and development of the innovation infrastructure of the country in difficult social and economic conditions based on clustering of the economy. The purpose of the research is to analyze the role and impact of clusters on self-organization and self-development of the country’s innovation infrastructure in the conditions of limited financial resources. The research investigates the tendencies of the spread of regional clustering and its influence on the creation of a network of infrastructure companies, which, on a commercial basis, offer and distribute services. Clustering of regions is accompanied by the spread of the impact of a growing number of clusters (innovation structures of the network type) on the national economy and its innovation infrastructure. A certain infrastructural environment develops around the hub and the core of the cluster. It includes a number of companies specializing in innovative services, which can offer their services on a commercial basis not only to companies in this cluster, but also to all nearby innovative enterprises. The spread of clustering in all regions can serve as a basis for further self-organization and self-development of subsidiary companies under the influence of market mechanisms of management and growth of the innovation infrastructure of clusters into a basic platform of the innovation infrastructure of the country. Activation of entrepreneurship in clusters is carried out through the concentration of business activity and inter-sectoral cooperation. Vertical cluster associations are formed based on the synergy of enterprises, institutions, organizations, and individuals that are heterogeneous in the field of activity and form of ownership. The state, creating a favorable innovation environment, regulates the boundary conditions for innovation infrastructure subjects and clusters, which independently self-organize themselves under the influence of market mechanisms and expand their services to all regions, forming a holistic innovation infrastructure of the country.
GREEN ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT: METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: Chala Veronika , Orlovska Yuliia
Published: September 2021

The subject of this study is the principles, factors and features of the green economy as a complex multicomponent system. It was important to clarify the ontology of the term “development” and to propose a methodology for filling the meaning of this term with a specific scientific approach, which consisted in identifying factors that shape directed, natural (regular) and inevitable changes as mandatory elements of development in the philosophical sense of the latter. The article analyzes different approaches to the definition of green economy, which gave the authors a reason to propose their own perception of the green economy as a socio-eco-economic system, which should be simultaneous under directed, natural (regular) and inevitable changes to ensure its development. The authors dwelled on the characteristics of each of the three mandatory changes. Directed changes in the green economy as a system were considered through the prism of seventeen goals of sustainable development (defining those for which the green economy “works” directly), which form new requirements for key components of the economic system: production, exchange, distribution and consumption. Regular changes are characterized as those that correspond or do not contradict the basic economic laws of the post-industrial era and form the ecological basis for the competitiveness of the economy. Irreversibility of change is defined as justified regulatory measures of strict environmental and economic policy, based on the methodological, proven by scientists, the principle of regulation in a mixed economic system and the abandonment of free market mechanisms (which “does not work” to achieve sustainable development). The authors have proposed a system-hierarchical approach to ensuring intermediate principles of green economy development as a system (direction, regularity and irreversibility of changes) and their integral effect on the quality of sustainable development of the social system as a whole. Further directions of research of system principles of development of green economy have been defined as well.
Characteristic analysis of sea transportation passenger Kendari Nusantara Port
Authors: La Welendo  , Usman Rianse  , Adris A Putra  , La Hatani
Published: August 2021

Indonesia, which is an archipelagic country consisting of islands, sea transportation is an absolute necessity for those living in the archipelago. The port terminal is a tool for the process of moving goods and passengers to transfer modes of movement either through sea transportation or land transportation. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of sea transportation users at the Kendari Nusantara port terminal. The method in this study uses a qualitative descriptive by distributing questionnaires to users of the Nusantara Kendari port terminal who want to travel between islands. The results of the study based on the characteristics of sea transportation users through the Kendari Archipelago port were obtained based on the characteristics of sea transportation users (passengers) at the port terminal.the male gender is 57.33%, the most dominant travel destination is Muna Regency at 38.67%, the reason for using fast express boats is the consideration of travel time by 52%, the purpose of the trip is dominated by educational interests by 32.67%, The frequency of using fast boats is very frequent, which is more than 4 times by 33.33%.
Exploring the potential of herbal drugs for the treatment of hair loss
Authors: Shivam A. Bartere  , Lochana L. Malode  , Gunjan P. Malode  , Minakshee G. Nimbalwar  , Chaitanya A. Gulhane  , Jagdish V. Manwar  , Ravindra L. Bakal
Published: August 2021

Hair loss can be recognized as a life-threatening disorder. It is a health condition during which hair is lost from some or all areas of the body, usually from the scalp. However, it has a great harm to a person’s self-respect, mental health, and entirety quality of life. Balding can be caused because of various reasons, like genetic tendencies, environmental triggers, exposure to chemicals, medicines, nutritional deficiency, extreme stress or long illness etc. In present article, we have covered information about loss of hair loss, types of alopecia, causes and various medicinal plants and parts they’re of used in treatment prophylaxis or treatment of hair loss.
Utilization and bioactivity of Blumea balsaminifera (L.) DC.
Authors: Marina Silalahi
Published: August 2021

Sembung or Blumea balsaminifera a species belonging of Asteraceae has been long used as a traditional medicine. The using of plants as traditional medicine, directly or indirectly related to their bioactive compounds. The writing of this article is based on literature review of the published online and offline such as journals, books, and other research to obtained comprehensive information of the benefits, secondary metabolites, bioactivity, and prospects for the use of B. balsaminifera. The ethnobotany of B. balsaminifera uses as an ingredient of loloh (Bali Aga ethnic health drink), treat of wounds, diarrhea, malnutrition, kidney stone, and traditional sauna ingredients, headaches, gastric disorders, and rheumatism. Blumea balsaminifera has bioactivity such as: anti-wound, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, gastroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-kidney stones. Blumea balsaminifera leaves contains volatile oil and falvonoid compounds. The volatile oil in B. balsaminifera is borneol, 1,8-cineole, limonene, kampor, β-eudesmol, β-champene, myrcene, dimethoxydurene, β-caryophyllene, and α-caryophyllene. The Dimethoxydurene, β-caryophyllene, and α-caryophyllene of B. balsaminifera have activities as antioxidant. The flavonoid glycosides of B. balsaminifera has a therapeutic effect on wound healing while anti-microbial activity has associated with borneol.
Situation of older women living at Slum area in Dhaka City of Bangladesh
Authors: Mousumi Adhikary  , Sanjib Chandra Mandal  , Urme Nag  , Fuzael Ahmed
Published: August 2021

The older section of the population is increasing much faster than the total population. Older women bear a disproportionately low status in every aspects of life in Bangladesh. They have less control over their family income and family decision making. The objective of this study was to find out the situation of older women living at slum area. This is a descriptive data where data were collected from Dhaka city Bangladesh in slum area. In Bangladesh many older people spend their lives in poverty and ill health which is major risk for the elderly population. Poverty and exclusion are the greatest threats to the wellbeing of older people. They passed their very basic QoL with no proper humanitarian support. The policy maker should take the proper steps for improving their QoL as well as think about their basic rights.
A boundary-based tokenization technique for extractive text summarization
Authors: Nnaemeka M Oparauwah  , Juliet N Odii  , Ikechukwu I Ayogu  , Vitalis C Iwuchukwu
Published: August 2021

The need to extract and manage vital information contained in copious volumes of text documents has given birth to several automatic text summarization (ATS) approaches. ATS has found application in academic research, medical health records analysis, content creation and search engine optimization, finance and media. This study presents a boundary-based tokenization method for extractive text summarization. The proposed method performs word tokenization by defining word boundaries in place of specific delimiters. An extractive summarization algorithm was further developed based on the proposed boundary-based tokenization method, as well as word length consideration to control redundancy in summary output. Experimental results showed that the proposed approach enhanced word tokenization by enhancing the selection of appropriate keywords from text document to be used for summarization.
What if Bevacizumab was discontinued! Can IMpower130 be exchanged for IMpower150 for advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients with PD-L1 <50% and without genomic mutations?
Authors: Khaled Elmahdi Omran
Published: August 2021

There was a radical change in the first-line management of advanced NSCLC with negative genetic oncological drive in the last 5 years. Immune checkpoint inhibition is currently recommended for such a group of patients by major international guidelines devoted to lung cancer, as long as there is no contraindication. The recommendations came as a single agent of immune checkpoint inhibitor, combination of an immune checkpoint inhibitor with chemotherapy with an optional anti-angiogenic agent, or combination between two different immune checkpoint inhibitors; based on the level of expression of programmed death-ligand 1 in the tumour microenvironment and the type of immune checkpoint inhibitor is intended to be used. IMpower150 was a clinical trial that illustrated the effectiveness of the addition of Atezolizumab (immune checkpoint inhibitor) to chemotherapy and Bevacizumab (anti-angiogenic agent) in treatment naïve advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients with no genetic aberrations. In the same trial, there was no significant difference between chemotherapy plus either Atezolizumab or Bevacizumab. Moreover, Atezolizumab experienced other disappointing results in different clinical trials in NSCLC and other malignancies such as triple-negative breast cancer when combined with chemotherapeutic agents that require corticosteroids as pre-medications during therapy. This review evaluates the synergistic anti-neoplastic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitor and anti-angiogenic agent in NSCLC which presented in IMpower150 by Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab, especially this combination is the preferred option for other malignancies such as hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma. Additionally, the review overlooks the impact of corticosteroids on Atezolizumab in different clinical trials, particularly in NSCLC.
Studying Features of Social Competencies Formation in Adolescents with Mild Mental Deficiency (Intellectual Disabilities)
Authors: Volgutskova Ekaterina Izmailovna
Published: September 2021

The research aims to analyse and summarise the results of an experimental study on features of social competencies formation in adolescents with mild mental deficiency. The study was conducted on the basis of a developed system of diagnostic tools, criteria apparatus, quantitative and qualitative assessment of the results: a four-level quantitative assessment system with subsequent qualitative interpretation. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the work presents criteria for assessing the cognitive component of social competencies in adolescents with mild mental deficiency. The article covers the diagnostic assessment results of the cognitive component of social competencies in adolescents with mild mental deficiency.
Studying the Potential of Speech-Language Therapy in Cases of Severe Aphasia with the Use of Multimedia Programme Application
Authors: Maksimova Kseniya Yur’evna
Published: September 2021

The research aims to analyse speech-language therapy in cases of severe aphasia with the use of a multimedia programme application. The article presents an analysis and summarisation of the results of a theoretical and experimental study on speech disorders features in patients with severe aphasia at the restorative and residual stages of rehabilitation and provides information on how the “AFAZIYAM.NET” (‘no to aphasias’) tablet application can be used at these stages of rehabilitation. The research is novel in that it is the first to present a specialised multimedia tool for conducting sessions with patients with aphasia that aims to improve the comprehension of the Russian speech and makes it possible to activate the auditory-visual-motor zones that are important for speech activity. As a result of the qualitative and quantitative analysis of speech disorders features in patients with severe aphasia at the restorative and residual stages of rehabilitation, the researcher has proposed a multimedia programme involving the use of the “AFAZIYAM.NET” application, which is available in the conditions where a remote rehabilitation technology is included, stimulating the patient’s independent work and helping to replace technologies used at hospital.
SWOT Analysis of Educational Process in Digital Educational Environment of University
Authors: Ovinova Lada Nikolaevna , Shraiber Elena Grigorievna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study is to identify the features peculiar to the process of educating students in the digital educational environment (hereinafter referred to as DEE) of a university. The article analyses changes in legal documents in the field of education, as a result of which it is determined that the educational process, being a part of the overall teaching/learning process at a university that is aimed at developing well-integrated individuals in the conditions of DEE, provides for integration with digital resources. Using the results of a SWOT analysis, the authors characterise the features of education in a university’s DEE, which accounts for scientific novelty of the study. As a result, it is ascertained that the process of educating students in a university’s DEE involves taking into account new features caused by digitalisation, which bring about corresponding transformations in the choice of content, forms and methods of the educational process.
SSR analysis of modern Russian potato varieties using DNA samples of nomenclatural standards
Authors: Antonova O. Yu. , Klimenko N. S. , Rybakov D. A. , Fomina N. A. , Zheltova V. V. , Novikova L. Yu. , Gavrilenko T. A.
Published: September 2021

The N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) is developing new approaches to documentation of national cultivars, taking into account recommendations of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants in parallel with methods of genetic certification. The nomenclatural standard of a particular cultivar represented by a herbarium specimen can be used as a reference for verifying authenticity and uniformity of cultivar specimens obtained from various sources. The verification requires fast and reliable methods for cultivar genotyping. This paper presents protocols for modified methods of DNA extraction, PCR-analysis and SSR-genotyping, which allow potato cultivars identification without the use of expensive reagent kits. A set of ten chromosome-specific microsatellite markers was used to study polymorphisms in 66 modern Russian potato cultivars, as well as in 11 pre-cultivars and breeding clones, represented by nomenclatural standards and voucher specimens, respectively. This subset of 77 specimens has demonstrated a high level of polymorphism in ten studied microsatellite loci. The SSR analysis identified 73 alleles; 7.3 alleles per locus were observed on average, the number of which varied from 3 (STG0025 locus) to 11 (locus StI046). The PIC values varied from 0.544 (STG0025 locus) to 0.836 (StI046 locus). The alleles, unique for this subset, were found at six studied loci. The high level of polymorphism at the SSR loci made it possible to unambiguously identify almost every cultivar, with the exception of the expected coincidence of microsatellite profiles of two cultivars, which are somaclonal variants. Using an optimized set of eight microsatellite markers, the genetic relationships of modern Russian potato cultivars were studied.
Протекторные свойства экстракта Achillea millefolium L. при воздействии этопозида на Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Антосюк О. , Болотник Е. , Орлова В.
Published: August 2021

Исследованы протекторные свойства лекарственного растения Achillea millefolium L. при воздействии противоопухолевого препарата этопозида на Drosophila melanogaster. В ходе исследования протекторного эффекта экстракта применяли оценку жизнеспособности, методику определения генетической активности SMART и анализ изменения клеточной гибели в имагинальном крыловом диске личинок дрозофилы. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что 5 и 7,5 % концентрации экстракта A. millefolium обладают антитоксическими и антигенотоксическими свойствами относительно воздействия этопозида. Однако при одновременном применении этопозида и экстракта происходит снижение регулируемой клеточной гибели.
Межмолекулярные взаимодействия в водных растворах рибавирин – интерферон-альфа-2b
Authors: Киенская К. , Сардушкин М. , Белова И. , Колдаева Т. , Кусмаев А. , Ибрагимова Р. , Кухаренко А. , Завьялова О.
Published: August 2021

Показана возможность количественного определения рибавирина методом спектрометрии в УФ-области. Методами кондуктометрии и спектроскопии кругового дихроизма выявлено наличие межмолекулярных взаимодействий в смеси рибавирин-интерферон в водной среде.
Острая и хроническая токсичность антибактериального пептидного комплекса
Authors: Волкова Л.
Published: August 2021

Проведена доклиническая оценка субстанции антибактериального пептидного комплекса (АПК), синтезируемого вирус-индуцированными лейкоцитами. Опыты проводили на мышах и крысах. Исследуемый состав АПК разводили 0,9 % раствором хлорида натрия и вводили внутримышечно и абдоминально. По результатам исследования не выявлено токсического действия АПК при исследовании как острой, так и хронической токсичности на организм экспериментальных животных.
Иммунотоксические свойства супрамоллекулярного комплекса ивермектина
Authors: Защепкина В. , Курочкина К. , Мусаев М. , Ильин М. , Халиков С.
Published: August 2021

Проведена доклиническая оценка иммунотоксических свойств супрамолекулярного комплекса ивермектина на лабораторных животных. Препарат при введении мышам в терапевтической дозе 0,15 мг/кг не проявил отрицательного воздействия на выработку антител к эритроцитам барана (ЭБ) и не подавлял клеточный иммунный ответ. При введении десятикратно увеличенной дозы (1,5 мг/кг) препарата и субстанции ивермектина прослеживается тенденция к снижению выраженности реакций гемагглютинации и гиперчувствительности замедленного типа, т. е. проявляется негативное влияние на организм мышей — снижается антителопродукция и тормозится индукция гиперчувствительности замедленного типа, приводя к снижению интенсивности реакции на тимус-зависимый антиген — ЭБ. Введение в состав препарата арабиногалактана способствует нивелированию негативного влияния ивермектина в супрамолекулярном комплексном препарате на организм животных.
Высвобождение винпоцетина из твердых дисперсий с поливинилпирролидоном
Authors: Полковникова Ю.
Published: August 2021

Статья описывает определение оптимального соотношения винпоцетина и поливинилпирролидона в лекарственной форме (1:1 или 1:5) по результатам моделирования молекулярной динамики высвобождения действующего вещества в водную среду. Моделирование молекулярной динамики высвобождения винпоцетина из поливинилпирролидона осуществлялось в течение 100 нс с использованием программы Gromacs 2019 в силовом поле Gromos 54a7. В результате установлено, что равновесие при высвобождении винпоцетина из поливинилпирролидона наступает быстрее при соотношении винпоцетина с носителем 1:5, по сравнению с соотношением 1:1.
Антиоксидантная активность экстракта сухого Ferulopsis hystrix (Bunge) Pimenov при экспериментальном «рефлюкс-гастрите»
Authors: Салчак С. , Торопова А. , Разуваева Я. , Аракчаа К.
Published: August 2021

Изучена антиоксидантная активность экстракта сухого феруловидки щетинистой [Ferulopsis hystrix (Bunge) Pimenov] в условиях экспериментального «рефлюкс-гастрита», а также в модельных тест-системах. Показано, что экстракт сухой F. hystrix оказывает антиоксидантное действие, выражающееся в сохранении каталитической активности ферментов эндогенной антиоксидантной системы организма (каталаза, СОД), в снижении образования продуктов перекисного окисления липидов (МДА) на фоне «рефлюкс-гастрита». В модельных системах экстракт F. hystrix проявляет выраженное мембраностабилизирующее действие, стабилизируя структурно-функциональную целостность плазматической мембраны эритроцитов в условиях гемолиза, а также радикал-связывающую активность в отношении реакционно-активных молекул (DPPH, ABTS, Fe2+, ). Механизм действия испытуемого экстракта F. hystrix определяется наличием в его составе БАВ, в частности кумаринов, способных стабилизировать и инактивировать реакционно-активные молекулы, ингибировать процессы перекисного окисления липидов и стабилизировать мембраны клеточных структур.