bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thinking beyond stereotypes through critical cultural competence
Authors: Egitim Soyhan
Published: November 2023

This study investigated the factors behind foreign English teacher (FET) stereotypes within the English as a foreign language (EFL) context in Japan and proposed critical cultural competence-building activities as a pedagogical strategy to help students develop cultural flexibility and think beyond the existing stereotypes. The assumption that English must be taught by native speakers is still prevalent in Japan, where the North American varieties of the language are considered the gold standard of written and spoken English. Particularly, thestereotype can create an additional hurdle for non-native English teachers despite their educational credentials and experience in the increasingly competitive higher education job market. Despite their privileged position, certain stereotypical roles are ascribed to Caucasian FETs, such as being fun and entertaining. As a result, these teachers maystruggle to establish a professional career independent from the fun persona attached to them. In addition, female FETs may face an uphill battle while pursuing a full-time career due to the societal expectations resulting from deep-rooted gender roles, such as wives and mothers. This pressure could mount to the point that some female teachers may end up resigning from their tenured posts to either take a career break or seek part-time university positions. One of the implications of this trend is that female FETs are outnumbered by their male peers. Hence, more students are exposed to male FETs than female FETs, which may further reinforce the already existing gender stereotypes in school settings.
Intercultural experience facilitates majority-group acculturation through ethnocultural empathy: Evidence from a mixed-methods investigation in Japan
Authors: Egitim Soyhan
Published: November 2023

The present two-phased sequential exploratory mixed-methods study investigated majority-group members’ acculturation through pre-tertiary Japanese teachers’ experiences with children of Kurdish asylum-seekers in school settings. In Study 1, we employed an interpretative phenomenological analysis to understand and make meaning of the personal experiences of nine Japanese pre-tertiary teachers from a majority-group acculturation perspective. The qualitative data suggested a link between the participants’ intercultural contact experience, ethnocultural empathy, and receptiveness to majority-group acculturation. Furthermore, the acculturative changes experienced by the majority-group members appeared to influence institutional changes. Subsequently, we tested these relationships in quantitative analysis with a sample of 110 Japanese school teachers in Study 2. We used a survey informed by the works of Wang et al.’s (2003) Ethnocultural Empathy scale and Kunst et al.’s (2023) Majority-Group Acculturation scale. The results confirmed the positive association between intercultural contact experience, ethnocultural empathy, and majority-group members’ acculturation. We conclude that promoting multiculturalism in school settings may have long-term benefits for both majority and minority group members within the Japanese context despite potential adversities involved in regular intercultural contact.
A template for recording material culture, and a comparison of four Oceanic societies
Authors: Buckley Christopher
Published: November 2023

This paper compares the material culture of four societies in the Melanesian region of the Pacific, employing a novel template and analysis, considering both qualitative and quantitative differences. Two of the societies (the Hubula and Wola peoples) are in the highland region of New Guinea, the other two (Kiwai and Admirality) are located on the coastal region of New Guinea and a nearby island group. The results identify a core set of technologies in the highland region that is presumed to be associated with the earliest settlers, as distinct from more recently arrived technologies that are confined to the coastal region and islands. Several hypotheses are proposed concerning links between material culture, environment and history.
Costliness and Social Context Shape Punishment and Partner Rejection Decisions
Authors: Szanton Elizabeth Cannon , Martin Justin , McAuliffe Katherine , Young Liane
Published: November 2023

Punishment and partner rejection are two responses an actor can take in response to a target’s uncooperative behavior. We examine how the normativity of the transgression in its social context and the costliness of the response to the target differentially impact these two responses. When considering underperformance, an ambiguous transgression, we anticipate that (1) actors will be more likely to respond when the transgression is counter-normative; (2) partner rejection will be more sensitive than punishment to normativity; (3) actors will be more likely to respond when the cost to the target is low, and (4) punishment will be more sensitive than partner rejection to costliness. Across three studies (N=543), we find support for all hypotheses except the fourth. Our findings suggest that normativity has a unique, dissociable impact on partner rejection, while the aversion to enacting a high-cost response does not depend upon having future interactions with the target.
Japanese Universities’ Response to the Global Pandemic Crisis: Harnessing Collective Intelligence to Activate Adaptive and Collaborative Leadership Practices
Authors: Egitim Soyhan
Published: November 2023

Japanese organizations treat change as an evolutionary phenomenon to maintain harmony and hierarchical organizational structure. However, in the event of adversity, the hierarchical leader-follower dynamics become fluid as the need for collective intelligence arises. Individuals from all levels are mobilized as a unified community for action. This chapter attempts to offer insights into the role of collective intelligence in activating adaptive and collaborative leadership practices at Japanese universities in response to the global COVID-19 pandemic. The chapter draws on the personal experiences of the author as well as faculty members from various Japanese universities with an emphasis on collective thinking, adaptive and collaborative response to adversity, and the resulting organization-wide learning process.
The absence of a trade-off between morphological and syntactic complexity
Authors: Benítez-Burraco Antonio , Chen Sihan , Gil David
Published: November 2023

The hypothesis that all languages are equally complex often invokes a trade-off principle, according to which if a language is more complex in one particular domain, it will be simpler in another different domain. In this paper, we use data from WALS to test the existence of a trade-off between two specific domains: morphology and syntax. Contrary to widespread views, we find a positive correlation between these two language domains. We discuss this finding in relation to ongoing research about language complexity, and in particular, the effects of factors external to language on linguistic structure.
Substitutes or Complements? How Interpersonal Cultural Alignment Relates to the Evolution of Formal Structure in Organizations
Authors: Li Danyang , Clement Julien , Srivastava Sameer
Published: November 2023

What factors shape the evolution of formal structure in organizations? Applying a “microstructural” lens to this question, we examine how one of the most emergent and fluid properties of an organization’s internal workings—the culture and various sub- cultures that develop through the interactions of its members—shapes the evolution of local structure in the form of a supervisory unit. Prior work points to compet- ing expectations about the relationship between culture and formal structure: One perspective argues that they are substitutes, while another implies that they function more as complements. We propose that this tension can be resolved by considering the role of coordinative complexity. Consistent with prevailing intuitions, we propose that, when coordinative complexity is low, culture and structure will tend to operate as substitutes. As coordinative complexity increases, however, we argue that they function more as complements. As a result, coordinative complexity affects whether culturally aligned colleagues become connected to, or disconnected from, each other through a common reporting relationship. Using archival data from a design firm, we find support for our theory and show that it is especially predictive when two colleagues are highly visible to their senior managers.
Examining the relationship between fast-food and sitdown restaurant consumption frequency and dietary patterns among adults in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Alwagait Enas , Alhassoun Arwa ,   Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Abulkhair Salma ,   Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Altwijry Shahad ,   Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Alajlan Haya ,   Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Alaali Hajer ,   Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Bawazeer Nahla Mohammed ,   Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Published: November 2023

Introduction: This study assessed the association between dietary patterns and the frequency of eating at fast-food or sit-down restaurants. Methods: A crosssectional study, with a sample of adults living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (SA), was conducted between January and March 2021. An online, self-administered survey was conducted using social media and WhatsApp. A total of 399 adults living in Riyadh were included; 40.4% were males, with a mean age of 35 and standard deviation (SD) of 12 years, and had no significant health problems. Results: Using principal component analysis to analyse 15 food groups based on the food items consumed, four dietary patterns were extracted: Western, unhealthy, plant-based, and healthy. After adjusting for potential covariates, a higher frequency of eating at fast-food restaurants was significantly associated with unhealthy dietary patterns [odds ratio (OR) = 4.85, 95.0% confidence interval (CI) = 1.80, 12.59]. In contrast, participants in the highest tercile of the frequency of eating at fast-food restaurants showed lower odds of adhering to a healthy dietary pattern (OR = 0.29, 95.0% CI = 0.11, 0.71). No significant association was found between participants in the highest tercile of the frequency of eating at sit-down restaurants and their dietary patterns. Conclusion: Frequently eating at fast-food restaurants was associated with increased odds of adherence to less healthy dietary patterns and negatively associated with adherence to a healthy pattern. No association was found between sit-down restaurants and any of the identified dietary patterns. The present findings can assist stakeholders and policymakers in developing strategic plans and policies for targeted interventions for this population.
Unveiling Acacia farnesiana phytochemicals as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors via in-silico drug design, molecular docking, and bioavailability predictions: An illustration against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
Authors: Rani Swati , Madhumitha B , Beelagi Mallikarjun S , Bharathi I Uma , Mamathashree MN , Chandrashekar S , Kumar SK , Hemadri D , Patil SS , Suresh KP
Published: November 2023

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a transmembrane protein that functions as a receptor for coronavirus spike protein. When spike protein fragments as the ligand binds with ACE2 protein, this ACE2 protein functions as a virus receptor, participating in the biological process known as the viral particle entry in the host cell. Hence, an in-silico study was carried out since it is faster and less expensive than trial and error methods based on experimental investigations. To study the effect of Acacia farnesiana phytochemicals on spike protein, molecular docking analyses were carried out. In this study, twelve phytochemicals from Acacia farnesiana have been selected as small molecules based on their ACEI and anti- inflammatory nature to evaluate molecular interaction between spike protein of SARS-CoV2 with ACE2 of the human complex molecule. Gallic acid, methyl gallate, kaempferol, Rhamnocitrin, naringenin, apigenin, ellagic acid, ferulic acid, myricetin, Diosmetin, Caffeic acid, and Quercetin were chosen as competent natural compounds from Acacia farnesiana as potent small molecules against COVID-19 and further ADME analysis were carried out. The result indicated that due to the presence of ACEIs and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals in Acacia farnesiana, the bound structure of ACE2 and spike protein becomes unstable. Therefore, these natural compounds can show antiviral activity by destabilizing spike protein binding with the human host ACE2 receptor.
Inhibitory capacity of enzyme xanthine oxidase of extract and compounds from roots of Berchemia lineata (L.) DC
Authors: Le Quang Ung , Lanh Thi Ngoc
Published: November 2023

The root of Berchemia lineata (L.) DC is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis in Vietnam. The chemical compounds and evaluation of the xanthine oxidase inhibitory capacity of root extracts were studied in this work. Two compounds of quercetin and emodin were the identified compounds in the roots. Rubrofusarin 6-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1 → 6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 2) being new compounds was firstly identified in the roots. The compound 2 has highest xanthine oxidase enzyme inhibitory capacity compared to quercetin, emodin and E70.
Traditional knowledge of Plants Used for the Treatment of Diabetes in Telangana, India: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Singh Pankaj , Chandana J. Mary , Chandraprakash K
Published: November 2023

Tribal and local forest dwellers possesses traditional knowledge of their surroundings plants with wide application for the treatment of various ailments. Plant-based herbal medicines have received great attention after post covid-19 scenario due to its economic, efficient, and minimal side effects. Diabetes mellitus is a well-known metabolic disorder of endocrine insulin hormone which makes it as a chronic disease. The present review focuses on the traditional knowledge of the medicinal plants used by the tribal and local people for the treatment and management of Diabetes in Telangana. The study is a combination of literature based data as well as field interaction with people which revealed that 100 species belonging to 45 families are being used directly or in combination with other plants for the treatment of Diabetes. Fabaceae was the dominant family followed by Apocynaceae and Cucurbitaceae while tree is the major habit followed by herbs and climbers. Leaves are mostly used in the drug preparations followed by bark and root/rhizome. It has been found that formulations of only 40 species are known while other 60 species are not disclosed. Among the known formulations, powder is mostly used for treatment followed by paste and decoctions. Overall the present comprehensive reviews have shown the potential of traditional medicinal plants and its related traditional knowledge for curing diabetes which provides a path for future bioprospecting. In addition to this, these species should be conserved and cultivated under in-situ and ex-situ programmes which are necessary for sustainable supply for raw material to the benefit of the society as well as to improve livelihood of tribal/local people.
STUDENTS’ MOBILE TECHNOLOGY USAGE AND THEIR TOEFL LISTENING PROFICIENCY: A CORRELATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Nurwulandari Wuri Alfi , Daud Afrianto , Prawati Atni
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to find out the correlation between students’ mobile technology usage and TOEFL listening proficiency in the sixth semester of the English Study Program of FKIP Universitas Riau. The sample of this study was 36 students in the sixth semester of the English Study Program of FKIP Universitas Riau. The Cluster Random sampling technique was utilized to choose the sample for this research. This study used two data instruments, a mobile technology usage questionnaire and TOEFL listening proficiency gained by collecting students’ TOEFL listening scores. The instruments were distributed to the respondents online through Google Forms. The mobile technology usage questionnaire was an adaptation of a questionnaire by Grenier. The respondents submitted the TOEFL listening score after finishing the questionnaire. The students’ mobile technology usage was analyzed using a Likert scale in the form of positive questions. The students’ proficiency levels were categorized using ETS Performance Descriptors for TOEFL. The researcher used the Pearson Product Moment formula to determine the correlation coefficient value. The result of this study shows that most respondents’ listening proficiency is categorized at the elementary level with a range score of the listening section 31-46. Moreover, this study revealed a moderate correlation between students’ mobile technology usage and their TOEFL listening proficiency, with a 36% determinant score. In other words, mobile technology usage is not the main factor in determining students’ TOEFL listening proficiency.
STUDENTS’ RESPONSES TOWARDS TEACHER’S IMPLEMENTATION OF TPACK IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL AFTER PANDEMIC
Authors: Taufik Beatrice Ellen , Sudarsono Sudarsono , Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin , Rezeki Yanti Sri
Published: November 2023

Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge TPACK) is the knowledge that should be mastered by the teacher nowadays. The primary objective of this research is to investigate students' perceptions and reactions regarding the integration of Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) in a Senior High School setting. The study specifically targets twelfth-grade students enrolled in the Science Class at a selected Senior High School in Pontianak. The participants consist of a cohort of XII-grade students who provided their feedback by responding to a set of 35 statements pertaining to the teacher's utilization of TPACK. The collected data were subjected to analysis using SPSS Statistics 16.0. The findings reveal that the mean score for the teacher's TPACK is 3.57, with scores for Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) at 3.75, instructional objectives content at 3.66, instructional representations and strategies at 3.62, and knowledge of students' understanding at 3.50. Additionally, nearly 100% of the students expressed strong agreement with statements highlighting the teacher's proficient pedagogical knowledge in implementing TPACK within the classroom. Consequently, the data analysis demonstrates a positive response towards the implementation of TPACK, indicating the successful integration of each element of TPACK among the XII Grade MIPA students.
IMPLEMENTING THE PEER RESPONSE TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ WRITING OF A PERSONAL RECOUNT TEXT
Authors: Budiarsih Linda , Yuliana Yohanes Gatot Sutapa , Sada Clarry
Published: November 2023

This classroom Action Research aims to observe the implementation of the Peer Response Technique to improve the students’ writing personal recount text and their behaviour in writing activity. The participants were the students in class VIII A of SMPN 2 Sungai Raya which consisted of 31 students. Based on the teacher’s direct observation, the students in this class faced some problems in writing a personal recount text. A mixed-method approach was used to collect the data. The observation sheet, field notes, and focus group interview were used to collect the qualitative data and the writing test was used to collect the students’ writing score as the quantitative data. Three cycles were conducted in this research where each cycle consisted of three meetings. The findings of this research have shown that the implementation of the Peer Response Technique in the writing process was effective in improving not only the students’ behaviour in writing activity but also the students’ scores in writing personal recount text. The writing activities that were done in pairs could boost the students’ confidence in writing. They could also have good communication and cooperation in every writing stage that they have to do. The feedback that the students gave to each other’s writing improved their trust and their ability to learn from others’ writing. Ultimately, the peer response could improve the students’ writing personal recount text that was proved by the improvement of the student’s writing score from cycle 1 to cycle 3.
USING GOOGLE SITE-BASED LEARNING MEDIA FOR ENHANCING STUDENTS' INTERESTS IN ENTREPRENEURIAL LEARNING
Authors: Yusnita Eli , Kartikowati Sri , Hendripedes Hendripedes
Published: November 2023

This study aims to ascertain the efficacy of employing Google site-based instructional materials in enhancing the students' interest in entrepreneurial education at the school under investigation. The research cohort comprised all twelfth-grade students of the school under investigation, with a sample of 30 students specifically from grade XII TKJ 2 at the school under investigation. Data for this research endeavor were gathered through the utilization of observation sheets and questionnaires measuring students' interest in learning. Analytical techniques deployed in this investigation encompassed descriptive analysis, prerequisite assessments, n-gain evaluations, and hypothesis testing. The findings reveal that the utilization of Google site-based learning resources effectively augmented students' interest in entrepreneurial education at the school under investigation. The hypothesis testing analysis, employing the Paired Sample t-test, indicated a t-test result with a two-tailed significance value (Sig.) of 0.000, which is less than the predetermined significance level of 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). Consequently, the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis (Ha). This outcome implies a noteworthy distinction in students' interest in learning when employing Google site-based instructional materials compared to students who do not utilize such resources at the school under investigation. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that Google site-based learning materials effectively heightened students' interest in entrepreneurial education at the school under investigation.
TALKING STICK LEARNING MODEL BY ANIMATION VIDEOS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES SUBJECTS
Authors: Ayuni Dewi , Gimin Gimin , Rizka Mifta
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out the application of the talking stick learning model assisted by video animation can improve student learning outcomes in social studies lessons. Data collection was carried out in class VII B with 32 students. This research is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental approach with a one group pretest-posttest design. Data collection techniques used in the form of observation and tests. The instrument in this study used a learning implementation sheet and 10 multiple choice questions. Data analysis techniques using descriptive analysis and inferential statistical analysis. It is known that student learning outcomes in the normality test are 0.059, which means that the data is normally distributed, with an average pre-test result of 67.34 and a post-test of 86.71. This is evidenced from the results of the paired sample t-test obtained by a t value of -13.519 with a Sig value. (2-tailed) of 0.000 <0.005 means that there is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores. The n-gain result of 0.61 which is in the medium category indicates that the application of the talking stick learning model assisted by video animation can improve student learning outcomes. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate in learning, such as implementing a fun learning model so that students play an active role and improve learning outcomes.
Journalists and comedians in the new digital age: a discussion on Spanish audiovisual infotainment between professionals and consumers
Authors: Aguilera-García Inmaculada-Concepción
Published: November 2023

Spanish television is increasingly subject to transmedia consumption. Faced with traditional models in which journalists limited themselves to rigorously transmitting information to strengthen their audiences, the networks’ commitment to infotainment, as well as the competition with platforms or with figures from YouTube and Twitch, forces professionals to reinvent themselves, often by resorting to entertainment and show business resources. TV programs such as El intermedio (La Sexta, 2006) and El hormiguero (Antena3, 2006) have been working for years to bring journalists and comedians together in the same space, and others such as Todo es mentira (Cuatro, 2019) interact with audiences through social networks such as Twitter and Instagram. The question is whether these efforts are sufficient or whether we are witnessing a transition period in which interviews conducted by content creators such as Ibai Llanos or Jordi Wild will end up being more highly valued than those of a journalist. To answer these questions, six professionals from the current audiovisual scene were interviewed: Vicente Vallés, Antonio Castelo, Cristina Pardo, Rocío Vidal (La Gata de Schrödinger), José Antonio Lavado, and Jorge Gallardo Camacho, and their reflections were contrasted with those of three focus groups with audiences of different ages. It was concluded that the professionals recognize the necessity of adapting to the digital era and to the new needs of their audiences, but prioritize traditional journalistic rigor and do not fear competition from figures such as Ibai Llanos. However, the audience focus groups consulted, especially the younger ones, admit that they consume more audiovisual content on the Internet than on television.
THE STRUCTURE OF DIGITAL COMPETENCIES OF THE EUROPEAN TEACHER
Authors:   ДВНЗ «Ужгородський національний університет», STOIKA O.
Published: November 2023

У статті розглядається проблема розвитку цифрових компетентностей учителів у сучасному освітньому середовищі, де цифрові технології стають все більш важливим елементом навчання. У статті проаналізовано міжнародну нормативну базу, результати наукових досліджень та досвід деяких країн у впровадженні програм розвитку цифрових навичок учителів. Висвітлено значення цифрових технологій у педагогічному процесі. Основна увага зосереджена на вимогах, стандартах і рамках, які визначаються для оцінки та розвитку цифрових компетентностей учителів, а також на ролі цифрових технологій в освітньому процесі та їх впливі на вчителя. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що в сучасних умовах учитель повинен володіти не тільки традиційними педагогічними знаннями та навичками, але й мати високий рівень цифрової компетентності. У процесі постановки проблематики дослідження використовується комплекс загальнонаукових методів: теоретичні: аналіз і синтез з метою визначення основних напрямів дослідження структури цифрових компетентностей вчителя; емпіричні: вивчення наукових праць та законодавчої бази щодо структури цифрових компетентностей вчителя; синтез і систематизація інформації тощо. У результаті аналізу останніх досліджень та публікацій встановлено, що освітня система зазнає серйозних змін, а заклади освіти перетворюються на інтерактивне середовище, де цифрові технології та освітні програми переосмислюють роль вчителя та процес набуття знань. Висновки статті підкреслюють, що розвиток цифрових компетентностей учителів є важливим для досягнення успіху у сфері освіти. Вимоги до цифрової компетентності вчителів залежать від конкретних освітніх програм, але загальна вимога полягає в необхідності розвинутої цифрової компетентності для ефективного використання цифрових технологій. Для досягнення цієї мети вчителям потрібна підтримка, навчання, інструменти та ресурси. Подальші дослідження та розробки в цій галузі допоможуть покращити розвиток цифрових компетентностей вчителів і сприятимуть досягненню успішного освітнього процесу в сучасному світі. Ключові слова: цифрові компетенції, вчителі, розвиток, освіта, оцінка, методи, рекомендації, міжнародні ініціативи, дослідження.
A Poliheuristic Approach: Azerbaijan, Pipeline Politics and Smoldering Conflicts
Authors: Snip Inge
Published: November 2023

It is known that Azerbaijan is currently the fastest growing economy of the South Caucasus due to its natural resources, however,it is still struggling with ethnic tensionsand experiencing troublesnormalizing itsties with neighbor Armenia.In recent yearstensionshave sprung up again after fifteen years over the former Soviet oblast Nagorno-Karabakh. This paper will explore thereasons for decision-makers, in this case Azerbaijan’s president Ilham Aliyev, when making decisions that might seem irrationalfrom an outside perspective. Using Alex Mintz’ Poliheuristic theory of the decision model from ‘Applied Decision Analysis: UtilizingPoliheuristic Theoryto Explain and Predict Foreign Policy and National Security Decisions’in 2005, I will make an attempt tocometo an understanding of, and explain, Azerbaijan’sPresident Aliev’sdecision to refrain from using force regarding NagornoKarabakhafter 1993, and assess the possible use of force in the near future.
How to Fight the War on Terror: Civilization and Ideology
Authors: Chumburidze Tea
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this article is to understand what the concept of ‘victory’ in the war on terror would actually mean. The traditionalnotion of winning a war is clear, defeating an enemy on the battlefield and forcing it to accept political terms. However, it isimportant to determine what does victory or defeat mean in a war on terror? Will this kind of war ever end? How long will it take?Former U.S. President George Bush’s approach to the war on terror implicated the use of offensive measures against terroristorganizations. This approach was criticized by leading Democrats who argued that it was important to conduct more and smarterdiplomacy, and intensify cooperation with key allies.Bush’s critics considered that his approach to the war on terror created more terrorists than it eliminated and that it will continueto do so unless the United States, under the presidency of Barack Obama, radically changes course.
Theories about Turkic vs. European Roots of Native Americans
Authors: Chumburidze Tea
Published: November 2023

All human beings are interested in their origins and try to account for their existence through creation stories. Creation stories, which commonly explain how people came into existence, how they acquired tools and customs, and why they should act, or not act in certain ways, contain fundamental conceptions of nature, society, and their relations to the world and to one another. The United States of America is the best example of a country with a melting pot of cultures; it is the most racially and culturally diverse nation on the planet. With its great diversity, the United States contains many peoples with a variety of origin stories. One of the most interesting is that of Native Americans. The article aims to explore and examine three different approaches regarding the origins of the first immigrants of America – American Indians: views of the Native American tribes about their origin, the approach of Turkish historians’ claiming Native Americans Eurasian roots and a newly conducted research by paleogeneticists based on the American Indians’ European roots.
The Role of Hillary Clinton, as a Secretary of States, in U.S Foreign Policy Between 2008-2012
Authors: VANISHVILI Lela
Published: November 2023

Following work refers to the U.S Foreign Policy during 2008-2012, while the Secretary of States was Hillary Rodham Clinton. Her intervention in foreign crisis and activities to solve that crisis.  Despite the fact that she is a woman, I would to underline her activity as a strong person and politician. How actively she is involved in world affairs. From my point of view she is really strong and intellectual person and I strongly with the opinion that she is a “Living History”. My article is based on U.S and Georgian politicians’ and political scientists’ opinions and researches.
The Invention of Ethnicity and Dynamics of Multiculturalism in the U.S. Two Case Studies
Authors: Shioshvili Tamar
Published: November 2023

There are huge variations in the makeup of the United Stage. The nation has grown from diverse cultural backgrounds. As immigrants dis- continued to be “foreigners” and yet did not become “One Hundred Percent Americans”. From immigrants they are described to have become ethnic Americans of one kind or another. Ethnic group limits must be repeatedly renegotiated, while ethnic traditions must be repeatedly redepicted. Inventions of ethnicity is a social phenomenon, which has demonstrated unforeseen flexibility in the contemporary world. It implies a dynamic process of ethnicization among diverse sidestream ethnicities and results in changes in several directions. This is a dialectical change due to the mainly political as well as socio-economic condition in the new homeland as well as their original one. The Italian Americans have displayed great fluency, creativity and efficacy in defining their position in the American reality. This chosen way of refashioning of Italian-American ethnicity will probably continue as individuals plunge into their cultural tank and choose prospects that suit their needs at specific moments in time. There have been three waves of Georgian immigration in the U.S. The first wave immigrants were political refugees, representing anti-Bolshe- vik forces of 1920s. They came to the United States via Europe. The number of the second wave Georgian immigrants after the end of World War II didn’t grow significantly, probably because of the second “Red Scare” towards Bolsheviks that the United States went through. The most substantial number of Georgian immigrants arrived in the U.S. through the third wave after the collapse of the Soviet Union, due to the hard socio-economic problems arising in Georgia in 1990s.
Historical Overview of African American Religion
Authors: Gamsakhurdia Nino
Published: November 2023

One of the central themes in the American history is the interaction between white and black cultures, both in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries of America. The religion perfectly reflects this interaction. As Campbell notes, African American religion has been extremely important both for American religious culture as a whole, and for the black community itself. When freedmen withdrew from white-dominated churches and formed their religious institutions, black churches, they quickly occupied a central position in African Americans’ lives. They became the chief social and cultural institutions which blacks made and operated for themselves, and therefore were necessary in promoting a sense of communal purpose. They provided the organizational structure for most activities of the community: economic, political, and educational as well as religious. This article overviews the processes out of which the black church formed as an independent institution, that served as a unifying, powerful and stimulating instrument for the African American community’s future advancements and struggle for equality.
The Role of a Woman in the Family and Society in Mona Lisa Smile
Authors: Gogberashvili Salome
Published: November 2023

The 2003 American movie “Mona Lisa Smile” set in 1950s focuses on upper class American society and gives a vivid picture of certain social issues of the period. These include stereotypes about the role of a teacher, art and beliefs about the “right” social order and the place of women and men in it.
Hacia un discurso crítico y narrativas de resistencia en la región simbólica maya zoque. Tres casos de identidades alter-nativas
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, González Rivas Francisco Javier , Domínguez Pérez Giselle Paulina ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
Published: November 2023

This article proposes an analysis of human communication, through a materialist reading of semiotics and culture, capable of accounting for the construction and possibility of critical discourses with which to deal with the emptying of meaning of imposed symbols or degraded in their expressive authenticity by the logic of globalized culture. Through the construction (identification) of the Zoque Mayan symbolic region of the state of Chiapas, we will have the possibility of expanding the horizon of significance of the symbols and alternative interpretations that are available, both in long memory practices, as well as in artistic expressions. Searching with the above, to find the way for the institutionalization of different subjective identities, critical or contrary to what is imposed in societies of postmodern peripheral capitalism, as is the case of the Zoque Mayan region of the state of Chiapas.
Una propuesta de interpretación decolonial de la figura de Sherezade y La mil y una noches
Authors:   Facultad de Música / Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, UNAM, Rojas Torres Tzitzi Janik
Published: November 2023

The study of these two moments of dispossession and Eurocentric reconstruction of Sahrazad can occur from several fronts: there are many valuable studies on Sahrazad and on The Thousand and One Nights, however, what we are interested in taking up here is the critical perspective and the historical account. -cultural issues raised by the Moroccan sociologist Fátima Mernissi, who dedicated an entire work to the analysis of how Sahrazad has been conceived along with the figure of the harem outside the Middle East. From our perspective, Moroccan Fátima Mernissi and Fátima Mernissi can contribute to the decolonialization of the image of Sahrazad; whose release might seem banal as a fictional heroine, however, let us not be fooled by her imagined existence. Behind Sahrazad's decolonization, as is the objective of this text, is also the liberation of Muslim women from the violent colonialist tokenization.
(Neo)Psicologismo y Antipsicologismo: Argumentos Clásicos y Contemporáneos
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Roblero Balbuena Aldo Kevin
Published: November 2023

The objective of this article is to present to know the classic and contemporary arguments offered in the dialogue between psychologism and antipsychologism. Method: Theorical construction through bibliographic review. Results: The classic psychologism’s arguments are demolished by the antipsychologism that, nevertheless, now have to face some defenses from neopsychologism. Conclusion: The reflection about psychologism and neopsychologism, once that the “neo” extension is considered, shows a current character.
Reflexiones sobre los márgenes excesivos de la política criminal en el Estado de Chiapas: El caso del incesto
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Pérez Ramos José Juan
Published: November 2023

The evolution of current societies has brought with it the disuse of certain crimes that in the past were conceived with paramount importance in the framework of the healthy order of community life and social coexistence. The object of our deliberation, on this occasion, is the configuration of the criminal type of Incest in the criminal catalog in force in the State of Chiapas. This crime has been chosen as a model for analysis to ponder the trend towards punitive populism that, from our perspective, embraces the state Penal Code, by proscribing a behavior that expresses, with the greatest possible emphasis, the human right to sexual freedom of its practitioners and that is seen as prohibitive even though in special assumptions and hypotheses, it does not transgress any protected legal interest, except that of public morality and good manners. We intend to wield conclusive arguments, in use of sexual self-determination and the free development of personality, that give light to our local legislators so that, in the near future, the penalization conducive to these behaviors in certain specific contexts is suppressed and the normative object of other criminal types that are closely related to it is updated.
Cost reduction in the construction of horizontal wells by optimizing the polymer-chloride drilling mud and its reuse
Authors: Fattahov M. M. , Babushkin E. V. , Buyanova M. G. , Vaulin V. G. , Sadykov T. B. , Shalyapina A. D.
Published: November 2023

One of the key tasks in oil and gas well development today is to optimize the cost of various technical processes, including the preparation of drilling muds. The article explores technological remedies to decrease the concentration of potassium chloride, which is the main inhibitor of the hydration of clay rocks, in the composition of drilling mud used for horizontal well drilling. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the drilling mud left after the initial drilling of the productive formation could be reused. Due to the fact that the interval of the horizontal section of wells is represented mainly by sandstone, the composition of the drilling mud must be refined so that the use of inhibitor reagents can be reduced. Reuse of spent drilling muds in the construction of horizontal wells reduces the consumption of multi-tonnage components without impairing the processability of the flushing fluid used. The implementation of this approach will enable the achievement of economic benefits through a reduction in expenses for the preparation of drilling mud and in the amount of drilling waste generated.
New in the range of reagents and technologies for chemical enhanced oil recovery in high-temperature reservoirs
Authors: Mambetov S. F. , Zemtsov Yu. V.
Published: November 2023

Currently, numerous enhanced oil recovery reagents and application technologies have been developed in the domains of flow rejection and injection profile levelling. The choice of stimulation methods is reliant on the geological and physical conditions of the reservoir. Therefore, the accuracy of this choice has a direct impact on the efficiency of implementing enhanced oil recovery technologies.

The current availability of low-volume chemical enhanced oil recovery reagents for high-temperature reservoirs is limited, and their effectiveness varies. This article presents the results of a pilot study from 2018 to 2021 aimed at improving oil recovery in high-temperature reservoirs. The study involves evaluating approved levelling technologies for injection profiles that use thermotropic compositions "Complex 377" and "EOR701R", as well as the polymer composition "EOR909R". The geological and physical conditions of their approbation, as well as the primary injection parameters and resulting findings, are provided.

This information will be valuable to professionals engaged in enhanced oil recovery methods for oil reservoirs, as well as those working on the implementation of physical and chemical methods for the same purpose.
Detecting hydrodynamic barriers of reservoirs based on drilling of horizontal wells to refine geological models
Authors: Ilmendeeva Alena V. , Nosov Nikita V.
Published: November 2023

During the geological modeling process, it can be problematic to substantiate predicted faults or barriers that are estimated from seismic data and require additional research. However, logging data from horizontal wells (LWD — logging while drilling), whose trajectories intersect predicted seismic faults or hydrodynamic barriers, can be used to validate such barriers.

The aim of this study is to substantiate hydrodynamic barriers in several fields in Western Siberia using data from a complex of geophysical surveys conducted while drilling horizontal wells that pass through such barriers. The main research method is azimuthal gamma-gamma density logging and its interpretation to identify hydrodynamic barriers, including tectonic faults, based on the criteria described in A. V. Chashkov's, S. Z. Mutaev's and other scholars' works.

This study presents the practical application of the azimuthal gamma-gamma density logging method to substantiate predicted seismic faults, estimated from seismic data and require additional research, using the example of the First field. This model has been examined and accepted by the State Reserves Committee.
Investigation of the permafrost zone by geophysical techniques and determination of primary categorisations of permafrost conditions in rocks
Authors: Shishkanova Ludmila V.
Published: November 2023

The investigation of the permafrost zone situated in the Yamal Peninsula pertains to gasand hydrate-saturated intervals. The avoidance of gas discharge frequently met during well drilling is of utmost importance. The allocation of permafrost rocks governs the quest for novel approaches to analyze the geocryological situation of the locale, together with ascertaining the principal regularities of the zone structure, ascertained via geological and geophysical investigations, analysis of well drilling data, and seismic assessments.

The investigation of the permafrost zone plays a crucial role in well drilling to prevent various types of complications. Moreover, the interpretation of geophysical survey data in combination with drilling and seismic data allows us to construct a model of the zone's lateral spread.

Carrying out geophysical methods helps to prevent, to some extent, and also prevent possible emergency situations. A fairly large fund of geophysical material has been reviewed, and a complex of studies in the permafrost zone of the Yamal Peninsula in many fields has been analyzed.

Following these studies, this article presents the primary geophysical survey material interpretation techniques with highlighted criteria for identifying different permafrost conditions in rocks.
Si-Cu contact mass for catalysis in coatings industry for oil and gas pipes
Authors: Zhilin A. S. , Rebrin O. I. , Malykh M. A. , Pechurin M. S. , Kovenskiy I. M.
Published: November 2023

Two contact masses were obtained and analyzed for their catalytic properties in the production of hydrophobic coatings. These masses are based on the silicon-copper system and consist of 25%Cu-75%Si and 50%Cu-50%Si compositions. A standard method of copper(I) chloride reduction was optimized to obtain finely dispersed copper particles with high catalytic activity. It is shown that reduction is possible directly in contact with silicon, the resulting average diameter of copper particles is 5-10 microns in both contact masses (25%Cu-75%Si and 50%Cu-50%Si). A metallographic analysis revealed a loose morphology of the silicon-copper phase interfaces, which is necessary to enhance the catalytic activity of the contact masses. Local chemical analysis by scanning electron microscopy has established the ratio of the particle size of the initial polycrystals of copper chloride(I) and the resulting copper particles as a result of reduction on silicon. The process of deep reduction makes it possible to obtain particles up to 5 microns in size. These results provide useful insights into the formulation of coatings containing organosilicon compounds to reduce friction in hydrocarbon transport.