bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoting effects of melatonin supplements on the embryogenic callus maintainance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Authors: BEZİRGANOGLU İsmail
Published: April 2021

The goal of this study was to determine melatonin impacts on the embryogenic callus formation and callus necrosis recovering of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L). Calluses, obtained from leaf explants, were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.0125 mg mL-1 melatonin + 1 mg mL-1 2,4-D or 0.0125 mg mL-1 kinetin + 1 mg mL-1 melatonin. Melatonin reduced the embryogenic callus formation in both concentrations. It was detected that the weight of fresh callus in genotypes was strongly related with hormones under in vitro conditions and the lowest fresh callus weight was detected in presence of 0.0125 mg mL-1 kinetin and 1 mg mL-1 melatonin. Based on the callus necrosis recovery, the highest callus necrosis weight (0.843 g) were recorded in embryogenic calluses cultivated in 0.0125 mg mL-1 melatonin + 1 mg mL-1 2,4-D melatonin-supplemented medium, compared with the calluses activited with MS alone (0.587 g). In conclusion, it was detected in this study that in vitro melatonin could be used in callus necrosis recovered in tissue cultures of alfalfa.
Bis(Sülfonamid) İhtiva Eden Kalkon Türevlerinin Etkin Bir Şekilde Sentezi ve Karakterizasyonu
Authors: AKIN KAZANCIOĞLU Elif
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada, sülfonamid içeren yeni kalkon türevleri hızlı ve etkili bir şekilde sentezlendi. Kalkon iskelet yapısının sentezi, baz katalize Claisen-Schmidt kondenzasyon reaksiyon yöntemi kullanılarak yapıldı. 4-metoksi asetofenon, 4-nitrobenzaldehit ve NaOH’in reaksiyonu sonucu 3 nolu kalkon %80 verimle sentezlendi. Elde edilen 1-(4-metoksifenil)-3-(4-nitrofenil)prop-2-en-1-on (3) bileşiğindeki, nitro fonksiyonel grubunun SnCl2.2H2O ile indirgenmesiyle hedef bileşik 3-(4-aminofenil)-1-(4-metoksifenil)prop-2-en-1-on (4) %98 verimle elde edildi. Aminin (4), 3-(triflorometil)benzensülfonil klorür, 4-florobenzensülfonil klorür, 4-metoksibenzensülfonil klorür, naftalen-1-sülfonil klorür, pridin-3-sülfonil klorür ve metansülfonil klorür ile reaksiyonu sonucu Alzheimer hastalığı başta olmak üzere birçok farklı terapötik uygulamada kullanılabilme potansiyeline sahip olan moleküllerin sentezi başarılı bir şekilde gerçekleştirildi.
Soliton Solutions of Generalized Third-Order Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation by Using GKM
Authors: TÜLÜCE DEMİRAY Şeyma , BAYRAKCI Uğur
Published: April 2021

In this study, we have worked on GKM in order to obtain the soliton solutions of the generalized third-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Thus, we have acquired some new soliton solutions of the generalized third-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation which has an important usage area in optical fiber. Also, we have drawn some 2D and 3D surfaces of these obtained results by using Wolfram Mathematica 12. Then, we have shown the validity of the obtained solutions.
Co3O4/Ni Köpük Nanokompozitlerinin Doğrudan Metanol Yakıt Hücresinde Elektrot Malzemesi Olarak Kullanımı
Authors: KURT URHAN Bingül
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada, nikel köpük üzerindeki Co3O4 nano-iğne dizileri (Co3O4/Ni köpük), basit tek-kap hidrotermal yöntemle sentezlenmiş ve ardından tek aşamalı ısıl işlem uygulanmıştır. Co3O4/Ni köpük nanokompozitlerinin yapısal ve morfolojojik analizleri; X-ışını kırınım spektroskopisi (XRD) ve alan emisyonlu taramalı elektron mikroskobu (FESEM) ile karakterize edilmiştir. Alkali çözeltide Co3O4/Ni köpük üzerinde metanolün elektrokimyasal oksidasyonu, dönüşümlü voltametri (CV) ve kronoamperometri (CA) teknikleri ile incelenmiştir. Düşük başlangıç potansiyeli (270 mV), yüksek akım yoğunluğu (67 mA cm-2) ve uzun elektro-oksidasyon kararlılığı (%86) ile Co3O4/Ni köpük mükemmel elektrokatalitik performans göstermiştir. Böylece, sentezlenen nanokompozitin doğrudan metanol yakıt hücreleri için yüksek performanslı platinsiz elektrokatalizörlere mükemmel bir aday olabileceği saptanmıştır.
Optimization of canthaxanthin extraction from fermented biomass of Paracoccus carotinifacuens VTP20181 bacteria strain isolated in Vietnam
Authors: Duy Le Xuan , Toan Tran Quoc , Anh Dang Viet , Hung Nguyen Phi , Huong Trinh Thi Thu , Long Pham Quoc , Dat Nguyen Manh , Le Do Thi Thuy , Pham Dung Thuy Nguyen , Nhan Nguyen Phu Thuong , Manh Do Van
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The bacterium strain Paracoccus carotinifaciens VTP20181 isolated in Vietnam produces canthaxanthin, a carotenoid widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this work was to determine optimal parameters for canthaxanthin extraction from fermented biomass of P. carotinifaciens VTP20181.

Study objects and methods. First, a series of single factor investigations were carried out in regard to maximal carotenoid content in the biomass extract obtained by using ultrasonic waves. Four parameters of the extraction process, such as extraction temperature, solvent/material ratio, extraction time, and ultrasonic output power, were studied. The obtained results were then optimized by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken experimental design.

Results and discussion. The optimal technological parameters of the extraction process included extraction temperature of 35°C, solvent/material ratio of 9.5:1 (v/w), extraction time of 90 min, and ultrasonic output power of 145 W. Under optimal conditions, canthaxanthin and total carotenoid contents were determined as 14.95 ± 0.12 and 18.21 ± 0.11 mg/g respectively, which were compatible with theoretical calculations ‒ 15.074 and 18.263 mg/g, respectively.

Conclusion. Current results confirmed that the strain of halophilic P. carotinifaciens VTP20181 is a potential source for canthaxanthin biosynthesis.
Функциональное состояние магно- и парвоцеллюлярных нейронных систем и когнитивные нарушения при шизофрении на разных этапах заболевания
Authors: Исаева Елена Р. , Трегубенко Илья А. , Мухитова Юлианна В. , Шошина Ирина И.
Published: April 2021

Введение. В статье рассматриваются возможности комплексного (психофизиологического и экспериментально-психологического) подхода к диагностике когнитивных процессов для объективизации нарушений у пациентов с шизофренией. Новизна заключается в применении психофизиологических методов к изучению нарушений восприятия и мышления при шизофрении. Актуальным является уточнение взаимосвязи когнитивного функционирования с функциональным состоянием магноцеллюлярных и парвоцеллюлярных нейронных зрительных сетей и их динамики в процессе развития и хронизации заболевания. Замысел авторов состоял в доказательстве того, что рассогласование в работе данных нейронных систем приводит к нарушениям целостности зрительного восприятия и, в последующем, к нарушению селективности мышления, что затрудняет оценку и выбор значимой, существенной информации при формировании суждений, препятствует построению полноценной и адекватной картины окружающего мира.

Методы. Исследование проводилось с помощью методов визоконтрастометрии, оценивалась контрастная чувствительность и помехоустойчивость. Для диагностики когнитивных функций использовался экспериментально-психологический метод с применением нейро- и патопсихологических методик: «Исключение 4-го лишнего», «Сравнение понятий», «Фигуры Поппельрейтера» и «Незавершенные изображения».

Результаты и их обсуждение. Проведен анализ функционального состояния магноцеллюлярной и парвоцеллюлярной зрительных систем, особенностей их взаимодействия и когнитивных функций на разных этапах заболевания. Обнаружены взаимосвязи психофизиологических характеристик восприятия с процессами восприятия, памяти, внимания и мышления. Полученные данные позволили установить, что активность магноцеллюлярной системы связана с особенностями восприятия, рабочей памяти и свойствами внимания. Гиперактивация магноцеллюлярной системы сопровождается нарушением избирательности внимания. Обнаружен вклад магно- и парвоцеллюлярной систем (механизмы глобального и локального анализа) в осуществление процессов мышления. Гипоактивация парвоцеллюлярной системы приводит к снижению селективности мышления. Выявлено снижение активности обеих нейронных систем в процессе хронизации заболевания.
Modal Sosial pada on Farm Kopi Anorganik di Koperasi Serba Usaha “Buah Ketakasi” Desa Sidomulyo Kecamatan Silo Kabupaten Jember
Authors:   Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember, Lestari Dita , Fauziah Nur , Yahya Vivi
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk: (1) mengetahui proses kegiatan on farm kopi anorganik di KSU “Buah Ketakasi” Desa Sidomulyo Kecamatan Silo Kabupaten Jember, (2) mengetahui modal sosial pada kegiatan on farm kopi anorganik di KSU “Buah Ketakasi” Desa Sidomulyo Kecamatan Silo Kabupaten Jember. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif. Sampel ditentukan secara sengaja (purposive sampling) dengan memperhatikan luas lahan, produksi dan produktivitas kopi di Kabupaten Jember. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis Miles dan Huberman. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) proses kegiatan on farm kopi anorganik di Desa Sidomulyo Kecamatan Silo Kabupaten Jember meliputi penyiapan sarana produksi (saprodi), pengolahan lahan, penanaman, perawatan, pemupukan dan pemanenan, (2) modal sosial yang terdapat dan digunakan dalam kegiatan on farm kopi anorganik di Desa Sidomulyo Kecamatan Silo Kabupaten Jember terdiri dari kepercayaan, jaringan, resiprositas, norma serta nilai.
Analisis Rantai Pasok dan Peran Lembaga yang Terlibat dalam Pemasaran Pepaya di Kecamatan Payakumbuh Utara Kota Payakumbuh
Authors:   Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat, Husnarti Husnarti , Handayani Romi
Published: April 2021

Meningkatnya permintaan konsumen terhadap buah pepaya mendorong pelaku yang berada dalam rantai pasok pepaya melakukan peran yang maksimal dalam menyalurkan pepaya mulai dari petani hingga ke konsumen sehingga dapat memenuhi keinginan konsumen tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui: 1) pola aliran rantai pasok pepaya di kecamatan payakumbuh utara dan 2) untuk mengetahui peran lembaga yang terlibat dalam pemasaran pepaya tersebut. Lokasi penelitian dipilih secara sengaja di Kecamatan Payakumbuh Utara. Informan ambil dengan menggunakan teknik snowball. Data sekunder dan primer yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aliran produk, uang dan informasi yang terjadi pada rantai pasok pepaya di Kecamatan Payakumbuh terjadi dalam bentuk 8 pola yang melibatkan 6 pelaku secara langsung yaitu petani, pedagang pengumpul, gudang, pedagang besar, pedagagang pengecer dan konsumen akhir. Semua lembaga yang terlibat tersebut memiliki peran masing-masing yang penting demi keberhasilan rantai pasok pepaya dalam mencapai tujuan. Peran tersebut antara lain budidaya, sortasi, pengumpulan, pengangkutan, penyediaan modal, penyimpanan, grading, packing, pembelian dan penjualan.
Manajemen Risiko Usahatani Jeruk Nipis di Desa Kebonagung Kecamatan Ujungpangkah Kabupaten Gresik
Authors:   Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Baroroh Syafarotul , Fauziyah Elys
Published: April 2021

Jeruk nipis memiliki prospek yang baik untuk dibudidayakan. Desa Kebonagung Kecamatan Ujungpangkah Kabupaten Gresik merupakan salah satu daerah yang mayoritas petaninya membudidayakan jeruk nipis. Kegiatan usahatani jeruk nipis tidak terlepas dari risiko yang dihadapi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber risiko yang dihadapi, mengetahui tingkat risiko dan mengetahui strategi penanganan risiko usahatani jeruk nipis. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah diagram fishbone dan ANP (Analytical Network Process). Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat lima sumber risiko usahatani jeruk nipis yaitu risiko produksi, risiko pasar, risiko finansial, risiko sumber daya manusia, dan risiko kelembagaan. Risiko yang paling berpengaruh terhadap usahatani jeruk nipis yaitu risiko produksi dan risiko pasar memiliki nilai berturut turut 43,9% dan 33,5%. Strategi yang dilakukan untuk penanganan risiko jeruk nipis adalah strategi preventif dan strategi mitigasi. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan pelatihan terkait peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani dalam menjalankan usahatani jeruk nipis serta pemerintah perlu membuat kebijakan terkait stabilitas harga jeruk nipis.
Strategi Peningkatan Hasil Penjualan Bubuk Kopi Robusta Original pada Rumah Kopi Lerek Gombengsari Kecamatan Kalipuro Banyuwangi
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi, Hilal Mohamad , Wicaksono Driyanto , Halil Halil
Published: April 2021

mempengaruhi hasil penjualan Bubuk Kopi Robusta Original Rumah Kopi Lerek Gombengsari Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Mengetahui strategi prioritas dalam meningkatkan hasil penjualan Bubuk Kopi Robusta Original Rumah Kopi Lerek Gombengsari Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, kuesioner serta dokumentasi. Tempat penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Kopi Lerek Gombengsari Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Pemilihan narasumber menggunakan teknik purposive sampling meliputi, Akademisi dari institusi dengan program studi pertanian terdekat, Ketua Asosiani Petani Gombengsari dan Pemilik usaha sebagai Informan Kunci. Teknik analisis data berfokus pada analisis Matriks IFAS dan EFAS, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan Matriks IE, Matriks SWOT dan Matriks QSPM. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: 1. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil penjualan Bubuk Kopi Robusta Rumah Kopi Lerek Gombengsari berdasarkan faktor internal adalah kondisi geografis yang mendukung, persediaan bahan baku kopi robusta yang melimpah, menjadi objek kunjungan wisata, telah terjalinnya kerjasama dengan petani kopi robusta, dukungan pemerintah Kabupaten Banyuwangi dan adanya peran dari pihak akademisi. Faktor eksternal adalah diversifikasi produk dalam menghadapi pesaing, tren sistem pengolahan basah dan jaringan atau relasi pasar. 2. Berdasarkan hasil analisis pada Matriks QSPM bahwa prioritas strategi dalam meningkatkan hasil penjualan Rumah Kopi Lerek Gombengsari adalah memanfaatkan objek kunjungan wisata untuk menambah jaringan atau relasi pasar.
Comparisons of 4-Point GRBAS, 7-Point-GRBAS, and CAPE-V for Auditory Perceptual Evaluation of Dysphonia
Authors: Choi Seong Hee , Yu Miok , Choi Chul-Hee
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The GRBAS (grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, strain) scale, a 4-point scale, has been most widely used for judging auditory-perceptual severity for dysphonia. However, in current clinical practice, sometimes a more fragmented 0.5 scheme is being used if the original GRBAS scale is ambiguous to assess. Thus, the aim of the present study was to compare the dysphonia severity using the three auditory-perceptual evaluation tools, 4-point, 7-point GRBAS scale, and CAPEV and provide the information regarding differentiation of perceptual severity and acoustic correlations.Methods: Voice samples for sustained vowel and connected speech were obtained from 101 dysphonic patients. Auditory-perceptual assessments of dysphonia severity were performed by two certified experienced speech-language pathologists specializing in voice disorders using the grade of a 4-point and a 7-point GRBAS, OS of CAPE-V and also were compared with cepstral measures [cepstrum peak prominence (CPP), low/high spectral ratio].Results: OS and G of inter-rater reliability of dysphonia using CAPE-V and 4-point GRBAS scales were good (ICC > 0.800) while G of 7-point GRBAS was less strong (ICC > 0.681) than OS of CAPE-V and G of 4-point GRBAS scale. The highest correlation with CPP was the OS of CAPE-V in both vowel and connected speech, while L/H ratio showed low correlation with dysphonia severity. The OS of CAPE-V in vowel and connected speech differed significantly in G of both GRBAS scales. On the 4-point GRBAS scale, CPP showed only the difference between G1-G2, G2-G3 groups in /a/ vowel, whereas in the connected speech, the difference between G0-G1, G1-G2, and G2-G3 groups was relatively differentiated. Meanwhile, on a 7-point GRBAS scale, CPP showed only differences between G1.5-G2 groups in sustained vowel, while CPP showed no differences between G0-G0.5, G0.5-G1, G1-G1.5, G2-G2.5, and G2.5-G3 groups respectively in connected speech.Conclusion: 7-point GRBAS scale showed a higher correlation with CPP measures than the original GRBAS, but reduced the discrimination of dysphonia severity compared to the 4-point GRBAS scale. Consequently, modified 7-point GRBAS scale could be useful as a clinically-perceptual evaluation tool, along with the original GRBAS scale and CAPE-V.
Comparison of Word Reading between Cognitively Normal Elderly and Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment according to Word Condition
Authors: Lee Soo Jung , Yeon Eun Ju , Yoon Ji Hye
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare word reading performance according to word condition between cognitively normal elderly and elderly with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: We studied 21 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 21 age-, sex-, and education-matched cognitively normal older adults. Participants were asked to administer a reading aloud task under four different word conditions (regular words, regular nonwords, irregular words, irregular nonwords). Results: First, the MCI group scored significantly lower compared to the normal elderly group in irregular both words and nonwords. Although there were no significant group differences in regular words and regular nonwords, both groups showed poor performance in the order of irregular nonwords, irregular words, regular nonwords, and regular words. Second, from the error analyses, the MCI group made more ‘regularization’ errors than the normal elderly group in both irregular words and irregular nonwords. Also, in regular nonwords, the MCI group made more ‘phonological errors’ than the elderly group. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that MCI adversely affects lexical routes for reading irregular words. Also, decreased performance in irregular nonwords requiring both reading routes represents the the lexical route is impaired and the phonologicl route is not fully preserved in MCI.
Political Partisanship and Antiscience Attitudes in Online Discussions About COVID-19: Twitter Content Analysis
Authors: Rao Ashwin , Morstatter Fred , Hu Minda , Chen Emily , Burghardt Keith , Ferrara Emilio , Lerman Kristina
Published: April 2021

Background

The novel coronavirus pandemic continues to ravage communities across the United States. Opinion surveys identified the importance of political ideology in shaping perceptions of the pandemic and compliance with preventive measures.

Objective

The aim of this study was to measure political partisanship and antiscience attitudes in the discussions about the pandemic on social media, as well as their geographic and temporal distributions.

Methods

We analyzed a large set of tweets from Twitter related to the pandemic, collected between January and May 2020, and developed methods to classify the ideological alignment of users along the moderacy (hardline vs moderate), political (liberal vs conservative), and science (antiscience vs proscience) dimensions.

Results

We found a significant correlation in polarized views along the science and political dimensions. Moreover, politically moderate users were more aligned with proscience views, while hardline users were more aligned with antiscience views. Contrary to expectations, we did not find that polarization grew over time; instead, we saw increasing activity by moderate proscience users. We also show that antiscience conservatives in the United States tended to tweet from the southern and northwestern states, while antiscience moderates tended to tweet from the western states. The proportion of antiscience conservatives was found to correlate with COVID-19 cases.

Conclusions

Our findings shed light on the multidimensional nature of polarization and the feasibility of tracking polarized opinions about the pandemic across time and space through social media data.
Estudio de caso: Evaluación y efecto del alimento con oxitetraciclina preparado industrialmente y con un procedimiento establecido en granja sobre el desarrollo del camarón Penaeus vannamei y su acumulación en músculo y hepatopáncreas
Authors: Gámez-Bayardo Sergio , Espinosa-Plascencia Angelica , Jiménez-Edeza Maribel , Pérez-Álvarez Adolfo , García-Galaz Alfonso , Bermúdez-Almada María Del Carmen
Published: April 2021

La investigación consistió en comparar dos métodos de adición de oxitetraciclina (OTC) en el alimento para camarón, así como el efecto en su desarrollo y en la acumulación en músculo y hepatopáncreas de Penaeus vannamei. Se realizó un bioensayo durante 30 días empleando 180 camarones juveniles utilizando dos formulaciones para alimentarlos con(OTC-1 y OTC-2). Los alimentos medicados se administraron durante 14 días, posteriormente se les dio alimento sin antibiótico por 16 días más,y se determinó la calidad fisicoquímica del agua. En los camarones se evaluó lo siguiente: parámetros biológicos y fisiológicos, acumulación (Cmáx) de OTC y tiempo de eliminación en el músculo y hepatopáncreas determinadapor cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC). El desarrollo de los organismos mostró una sobrevivencia de 99.72% para OTC-1 y 100% para OTC-2. La Cmáx de OTC en el músculo del grupo OTC-1 fue de 16.09 ± 1.80 µgg-1 y en el de OTC-2, 6.62 ± 0.87 µgg-1; en el hepatopáncreas fue de 105.85 ± 17.56 µgg-1 con (OTC-1) y 79.16 ± 15.61 µgg-1 con (OTC-2), encontrando una asociación en la Cmáx de OTC respecto al método de adición (p ≤ 0.05). El alimento medicado mediante un proceso industrial con (OTC-1) y el adicionado con OTC en granja (OTC-2) requieren mayor control de calidad para asegurar la concentración del antibiótico deseada, antes de su administración en los cultivos de camarón.
Analysis of the stress-strain state in carburized gearwheels
Authors: Kitaev N. I. , Pichkhidze S. Ya.
Published: April 2021

This article studies the static strength, static fracture and stiffness of the teeth of a wheel made of structural alloy steel of 12KhN3А grade before and after the carburizing of the working surface. The results of the analysis show that the static strength and static destruction of the part before and after chemical heat treatment are approximately equal, however, the gear wheel, strengthened by this method, has a higher hardness. The study and simulation of the applied loads were carried out using a 3D-model in the SolidWorks 2018 Simulation software.
Structural integrity assessment and lifetime prediction for the control rods couplings of the WWER-440 reactor. Part 2. Assessment of the coupling structural integrity and justification of its material degradation monitoring interval
Authors: Minkin A. J. , Margolin B. Z. , Fedosov V. G.
Published: April 2021

The structural integrity of the control rods couplings of the WWER-440 reactor is analyzed. On the basis of material investigation of the control rod couplings (martensitic-ferritic stainless steel grade 14Kh17N2, analogue of AISI 431 steel) that were under operation in the Unit 3 of Novovoronezh NPP it is shown that the structural integrity of the coupling is satisfied until the radiation-induced hardening of its material does not exceed 423 units of Vickers hardness.
Structural integrity assessment and lifetime prediction for the control rods couplings of the WWER-440 reactor. Part 3. Optimi- zation of post-irradiation recovery annealing of the control rods couplings
Authors: Minkin A. J. , Margolin B. Z. , Belyaeva L. A. , Pirogova N. E. , Shumko A. M. , Petrov S. N.
Published: April 2021

The optimization of post-irradiation recovery annealing of metal of control rods couplings (marten- sitic-ferritic stainless steel 14Kh17N2 grade, analogue of AISI 431 steel) is carried out. It is shown that the optimized recovery annealing leads to complete recovery of the mechanical properties of coupling metal embrittled under neutron irradiation. The recovery annealing does not reduce corrosion resistance of control rod tube made of austenitic stainless steel 08Kh18N10T grade (analogue of AISI 321 steel).
Change in inter-atomic communication character in the formation of solid and liquid solutions. Relationship of vibrational and configuration entropy and their physical interpretation
Authors: Savchenko A. M. , Konovalov Yu. V. , Laushkin A. V.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this work is to show that during mixing, two hidden (latent) processes proceed simultaneously and compensate each other: the first initiates an increase in the average heat capacity, equal in magnitude to the entropy of mixing, which requires energy absorption to ensure a constant temperature, the second initiates simultaneous latent heat release by strengthening interatomic bonds. The passage of these two processes during mixing shows the identity of the vibrational and configurational (statistical) entropy.
Research of corrosion-resistant welding of NPP equipment performed with a strip electrode by arc and electroslag methods
Authors: Timofeev M. N. , Morozovskaya I. A. , Galyatkin S. N. , Zatokovenko N. I. , Kutsenko E. I. , Lozovitsky N. A.
Published: April 2021

This article presents the results of studies of corrosion-resistant surfacing with a strip electrode under a layer of flux on carbon steel, performed by arc and electroslag methods. The similarity of the chemical composition, structure, mechanical and corrosion characteristics of the deposited metal in both cases is estab- lished. It has been shown that electroslag surfacing provides greater purity for non-metallic inclusions.
The risk of major structural birth defects associated with seasonal influenza vaccination during pregnancy: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Sarna Mohinder , Pereira Gavin , Foo Damien , Regan Annette
Published: April 2021

Objective: Seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) is recommended
during pregnancy to protect both mothers and infants from severe
infection. Most studies have evaluated the risk of major structural
birth defects in infants associated with prenatal administration of
pandemic IIV. Our aim was to estimate the risk in infants associated
with prenatal administration of seasonal IIV. Design: Retrospective
population-based observational study Setting: Western Australia
Population or sample: All pregnant women with a singleton birth from
2012-2016 Methods: 125,866 singleton births were linked to the state’s
registers for congenital anomalies and a state prenatal vaccination
database. We estimated prevalence ratios (PR) of any major structural
birth defect and defects by organ system. Inverse probability treatment
weighting factored for baseline probability for vaccination. Bonferroni
correction was applied to account for multiple comparisons. Main outcome
measures: Prevalence ratios by vaccination and major structural birth
defects categories or specific birth defects diagnosed within one month
of birth or within six years of life. Results: 3.9% of births had a
major structural birth defect. IIV exposure during the first trimester
was not associated with diagnosis of any major structural birth defect
diagnosed within one month of birth (PR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.77, 1.28) or
within six years of life (PR 1.02, 95% CI: 0.78, 1.35). We identified
no increased risk in specific birth defects associated with IIV.
Conclusions: Results suggest there is no association between maternal
influenza vaccination and risk of major structural birth defects. These
results support the safety of IIV administration during pregnancy.
Is Bray-Curtis differentiation meaningful in Molecular Ecology?
Authors: Sherwin William
Published: April 2021

A popular measure of differentiation in biodiversity is the Bray Curtis
index of dissimilarity. It has recently also been proposed for use in
molecular ecology. However, this measure currently cannot be predicted
under specified conditions of population size, dispersal and speciation
or mutation. Here I show forecasts for Bray-Curtis for two-variant
systems such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (or two species
ecosystems). These are derived from well-known equations in population
genetics, for forecasting measures such as G_ST, and shown to be
appropriate by simulation. Thus, Bray-Curtis can now be used for
assessment of differentiation, in order to understand natural or
artificial processes, thus complementing other measures with different
sensitivities, such as Morisita-Horn/D_EST, G_ST and Shannon Mutual
Information/Shannon Differentiation.
The function-dominance correlation drives the direction and strength of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships
Authors: Crawford Michael , Barry Kathryn , Clark Adam , Farrior Caroline , Hines Jessica , Ladouceur Emma , Lichstein Jeremy , Marechaux Isabelle , May Felix , Reineking Björn , Turnbull Lindsay , Wirth Christian , Rüger Nadja
Published: April 2021

Community composition is a primary determinant of how biodiversity
change influences ecosystem functioning and, therefore, the relationship
between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF). We examine the
consequences of community composition across six structurally realistic
plant community models. We find that a positive correlation between
species’ functioning in monoculture vs. their dominance in mixture with
regards to a specific function (the “function-dominance correlation”)
generates a positive relationship between realized diversity and
ecosystem functioning across species richness treatments. However,
because realised diversity declines when few species dominate, a
positive function-dominance correlation generates a negative
relationship between realized diversity and ecosystem functioning within
species richness treatments. Removing seed inflow strengthens the link
between the function-dominance correlation and BEF relationships across
species richness treatments but weakens it within them. These results
suggest that changes in species’ identities in a local species pool may
more strongly affect ecosystem functioning than changes in species
richness.
Automated audio recording as a means of surveying Tinamous (Tinamidae) in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Rumelt Reid , Basto Arianna , Roncal Carla Mere
Published: April 2021

1. The use of machine learning technologies to process large quantities
of remotely-collected audio data is a powerful emerging research tool in
ecology and conservation. 2. We applied these methods to a field study
of tinamou (Tinamidae) biology in Madre de Dios, Peru, a region expected
to have high levels of interspecies competition and niche partitioning
as a result of high tinamou alpha diversity. We used autonomous
recording units to gather environmental audio over a period of several
months at lowland rainforest sites in the Los Amigos Conservation
Concession and developed a Convolutional Neural Network-based data
processing pipeline to detect tinamou vocalizations in the dataset. 3.
The classified acoustic event data are comparable to similar metrics
derived from an ongoing camera trapping survey at the same site, and it
should be possible to combine the two datasets for future explorations
of the target species’ niche space parameters. 4. Here we provide an
overview of the methodology used in the data collection and processing
pipeline, offer general suggestions for processing large amounts of
environmental audio data, and demonstrate how data collected in this
manner can be used to answer questions about bird biology.
A Case Report on Using Biofeedback for Psychological Assessment
Authors: Muramatsu Tomoko
Published: April 2021

A psychological assessment using biofeedback was performed for an
adjustment disorder inpatient who showed less verbal and non-verbal
expressions, and experienced difficulty in receiving favorable results
from treatment. The assessment revealed hidden problems behind the
symptoms. She was subsequently discharged, after which no clinical
intervention was required, including medication.
The prevalence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in patients admitted with symptoms of peritonsillar abscess or cellulitis: a retrospective multicentre study
Authors: Lau Andrew , Milinis Kristijonas , Roode Mila , Williams Stephen , Cook Colette , Walijee Hussein , Zammit Matthew , Siau Richard , Emerson Hannah , Wright Rosie , Hampton Thomas
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives Anecdotal evidence suggests that oropharyngeal
squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) should be suspected in patients
presenting with symptoms of peritonsillar abscess (PTA) or cellulitis
(PTC). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of OPSCC in
patients presenting with symptoms of PTA/PTC. Method, Setting and
Participants We retrospectively identified all adults with a coded
diagnosis of PTA or PTC who presented between 2012-2016 inclusive,
across six ENT units in ——–. Records were compared to that of the
centralised regional head and neck cancer database. The clinical records
of a subset of patients were reviewed for the purposes of data
validation. Results A total of 1975 patients with PTA/PTC were
identified. Three patients were subsequently diagnosed with OPSCC. None
of the three actually had an objective underlying diagnosis of PTA/PTC
on the same side. The prevalence of OPSCC in patients admitted with
symptoms of PTA/PTC was 0.15%, or approximately 1:650 admissions. The
records of 510 patients who presented over a one-year period (2016) were
reviewed in even greater detail. There were 298 patients with PTA
(59.4%), 151 with PTC (29.1%) and 61 had an alternative diagnosis
(11.9%). High risk features (age ≥40, tonsillar asymmetry or tonsillar
lesion) were present in 106 patients (24%). Urgent follow up was
expedited for 77 patients (73%). Conclusion This study estimates the
risk of OPSCC in patients with peritonsillar symptoms. The prevalence is
low, even in a region with a relatively heavy disease burden. Clinicians
should, however, retain a high level of suspicion in patients with
persistent symptoms.
Drainless Parotidectomy Using Tissue Fibrin Sealant -- A Case-Control Study
Authors: Cohen Oded , Chaushu Hen , Hod Keren , Kirshenbaum Tzur , Khafif Avi
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Drainless parotidectomy has been reported infrequently,
mostly in patients undergoing limited partial parotidectomies. Evicel is
a fibrin sealant (FS) glue whose use has not been reported in head and
neck surgeries so far. The aim of the study was to investigate the
impact of drainless parotidectomy using FS on the surgical outcome.
Design: A retrospective matched case-control series. Settings: A single
academic center, Participants: All cases of patients who underwent
drainless parotidectomies, including deep lobe tumors and revision
surgeries, were compared to age, sex, body mass index and tumor-matched
controls in which a suction drain was inserted. Main outcome measures:
length of hospital stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes included
post-operative seroma and related complications. Results: A total of 123
patients (41 cases and 82 controls) were included in the study.
Pre-operative and intra-operative characteristic did not differ
significantly between the FS group and controls. A borderline
significance was found for surgery type as the FS group had higher rates
of total parotidectomy compared with the control group (25.0% vs.
10.5%, p=0.054). LOS was significantly shorter in the FS group (1.0±0.3
vs. 1.5±0.6 days, p<0.001). The rates of post-operative
seroma, aspirations, local infection and post-operative antibiotic
treatment were all lower in the FS group compared with the control
group, but did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: A
drainless parotidectomy using the EVICEL FS is safe, reduces LOS, and
may reduce post-operative seroma and its associated complications. This
procedure may be applied to deep parotid tumors, parapharyngeal
involvement and revision surgery.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as adjuvant therapy for odontogenic necrotizing myositis: case report
Authors: Cracchiolo Andrea Neville , Palma Daniela Maria , Palmeri Marco , Genco Fabio , Bue Rosalia Lo , Tantillo Diego , Braconi Andrea , Caramanna Claudio , Solazzo Luigi
Published: April 2021

Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) are life-threatening
conditions burdened with high mortality. They’re often associated to a
poor prognosis if early diagnosis and prompt treatment is not warranted.
Treatment is always medical, often surgical and sometimes with
hyperbaric oxygen.
Surgical Management of Type A Aortic Dissection After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in a Patient with Acute Myocardial Infarction Due to a Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection
Authors: Makrygianni Athanasia , Rorris Filippos - Paschalis , Kokotsaki Lydia , Velissarios Konstantinos , Salmasi Mohammad , Athanasiou Thanos , Kokotsakis John
Published: April 2021

Type A aortic dissection after percutaneous coronary intervention is a
rare and life-threatening situation. The reported incidence ranges from
0,02% to 0,6% of all diagnostic and interventional percutaneous
procedures. We describe a case of aortic dissection after percutaneous
coronary intervention in a patient with acute myocardial infarction from
spontaneous coronary artery dissection. The patient was initially
treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention of the affected
left coronary artery branches and left main coronary artery.
Conservative management for the aortic dissection proved inadequate due
to increasing diameter of the false lumen and the patient was referred
to our cardiovascular unit for definite surgical management.
Diseño y desarrollo de una aplicación como herramienta innovadora para el aprendizaje de la ley de los gases ideales
Authors: Gamba Cifuentes Walther Geovanny , Quemba Guavita Luis Alejandro , Suárez Oscar Jardey
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es reportar el diseño y desarrollo de una aplicación en el sistema iOS para el estudio de la ley de gases ideales con estudiantes de undécimo grado de una escuela privada en Bogotá, Colombia, debido a que, en los últimos años, dicha temática ha generado niveles bajos de aprendizaje en la población estudiantil. Por lo tanto, se diseñó una aplicación como herramienta didáctica, que pueda fortalecer el aprendizaje. Diferentes fuentes de trabajo señalan que el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, como las aplicaciones, potencialmente puede favorecer el aprendizaje. La metodología seguida para el diseño y desarrollo es ISD-MeLO, que se enfoca en el esquema y progreso de contenidos educativos y se basa en el modelo de diseño instruccional ADDIE; las fases son: 1. Análisis; 2. Diseño; 3. Desarrollo; 4. Implementación; y 5. Evaluación. La aplicación fue desarrollada con el programa Xcode® y lenguaje de programación SwiftUI®. Los resultados indican que apoyarse en la metodología ISD-MeLO resulta pertinente; sin embargo, elegir un modelo pedagógico que soporte el diseño y desarrollo de la aplicación da mayor coherencia. A manera de conclusión, una forma innovadora de construir recursos educativos digitales como herramienta para el aprendizaje está en articular adecuadamente las posibilidades de la ingeniería de software con la propuesta educativa que subyace, en este caso, la aplicación Physics Pocket.
Patient length of stay analysis with machine learning algorithms
Authors: Tomovic Savo
Published: April 2021

In this paper the problem of measuring factor importance on patient length of stay in an emergency department is discussed. Historical dataset contains average patient length of stay per day. Factors are agreed with domain expert. The task is to provide factors? impact measure on specific day that does not belong to the historical dataset (new observation) and average length of stay for that day is higher than specified threshold. Observations are represented as multidimensional numeric vectors. Each dimension represents factor. The basic idea consists of identifying appropriate neighbourhood and measure distances between the new observation and its neighbourhood in the historical dataset with respect to each factor. Impact measure of a factor is derived from the Error Sum of Squares. Factor impact is proportional to distance between the observation and its neighbourhood with respect to the dimension representing that factor. Nearest neighbour and clustering methods for neighbourhood determination are considered.
Identifying key node in multi-region opportunistic sensor network based on improved TOPSIS
Authors: Liu Linlan , Wang Wei , Jiang Guirong , Zhang Jiang
Published: April 2021

The topology of multi-region opportunistic sensor networks is evolving, and it is difficult to identify the key nodes in the networks by traditional key node identification methods. In this paper, a novel method based on the improved TOPSIS method is proposed to identify the key node from the ferry node. The dynamic topology information is represented by the graph model which is modeled by the temporal reachable graph. Based on the temporal reachable graph, three attributes are constructed to identify the key node, which are average degree, betweenness centrality and message forwarding rate. The game theory with a combination weighting method is employed to combine the subjective weight and objective weight, so as to obtain the combined weight of each attribute. The TOPSIS method is improved by the combined weight. The key node is identified by the improved TOPSIS. The experiments in three simulation situations show that, compared with the TOPSIS method and MADM_TOPSIS method, the proposed method has better accuracy for the key node identification in the network.
Buffer-based rate adaptation scheme for HTTP video streaming with consistent quality
Authors: Park Jiwoo , Kim Minsu , Chung Kwangsue
Published: April 2021

Recently, HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) based adaptive streaming (HAS) has been proposed as a solution for efficient use of network resources. HAS performs rate adaptation that adjusts the video quality according to the network conditions. The conventional approaches for rate adaptation involve accurately estimating the available bandwidth or exploiting the playback buffer in HAS clients rather than estimating the network bandwidth. In this paper, we present a playback buffer model for rate adaptation and propose a new buffer-based rate adaptation scheme. First, we model the playback buffer as a queueing system that stores video segments. The proposed scheme selects the next video bitrate that minimizes the difference between the current buffer occupancy and the expected value from the playback buffer model. The evaluation results indicated that the proposed scheme achieves higher video quality than conventional algorithms and can cope with various environments without the tuning of the configuration parameters.
Analysis of entrepreneur mental model and construction of its portrait
Authors: Zhang Yongzhong , Dai Yonghui , Chen Haijian
Published: April 2021

Previous studies have shown that the mental model of entrepreneurs has a significant impact on the growth of entrepreneurial enterprises. This paper explores a new method to analyze entrepreneur mental model and construct its portrait. Firstly, according to existing research results, this paper summarizes three key factors that affect entrepreneurial mental model: prior knowledge, personality characteristics and opportunity perception. Since then, the methods of entrepreneur mental portrait are introduced, which including cluster analysis method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Based on the investigation and analysis of 277 entrepreneurs, our study shows that the above construction method of mental model can accurately describe the entrepreneur mental model. The contribution of this paper is to explore the mental division of different types of entrepreneurs, and give the method of mental portrait of entrepreneurs, which provides a meaningful reference for promoting innovation and entrepreneurship education and training.
THE SYSTEMIC ROLE OF A CLASSICAL UNIVERSITY “WITH HISTORY” IN THE COLLEGE TOWN DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Кужелева-Саган Ирина  Петровна , Винокурова Екатерина Николаевна
Published: April 2021

Рассматривается проблема малоизученности города-университета как социокультурного феномена и роли классического вуза «с историей» в его становлении. Применяется методологический комплекс, включающий теорию социальных аутопоэтических систем Н. Лумана; концепцию классического университета как открытой и одновременно закрытой системы М. Ленартович; социокультурный (Р. Парк), культурологический (Н. Федотова, Т. Ильина, И. Гревс, М. Каган) и историко-культурный (К. Керр) подходы; концепцию региона как социальной системы (Д. Докучаев). Анализируются понятия «город-университет» и «университетский город»; формулируется авторское операциональное определение города-университета; описываются ключевые отличия города-университета от университетского города, а также представляются основные характеристики, присущие городу-университету. Показывается, что город-университет представляет собой сложную социокультурную систему с двойным статусом (открытая/закрытая), основой идентичности которой является классический вуз «с историей», обеспечивающий функционирование культурных кодов города. Обосновывается системообразующая роль классического вуза «с историей» в становлении города-университета как особого социокультурного феномена и сохранении его культурной идентичности.

The purpose of the article is justification of the systemic role of a classical university “with history” in the development of a college town as a special sociocultural phenomenon and the preservation of its cultural identity. The methodological complex, applied in the paper, includes the theory of autopoietic social systems (N. Luhmann); the concept of a traditional university as an open and closed system (M. Lenartowicz); sociocultural (R. Park), cultural (N. Fedotova, T. Ilyina, I. Grevs, M. Kagan) and historical-cultural (K. Kerr) approaches; the concept of the region as a social system (D. Dokuchaev). The paper presents an analysis of the “college town” and “a city with a university” concepts. It formulates the authors’ definition of a college town, describes the key differences between a college town and a city with a university, and demonstrates the main college town characteristics. The article demonstrates that a college town is a complex sociocultural system with a dual status (open/closed), whose identity is based on a classical university “with a history” that provides the functioning of the town’s cultural codes. Understanding a classical university “with a history” as a college town’s system-forming element provides an opportunity to understand the essence of this town type and its specific characteristics. It can be further used as a theoretical justification for the strategy of regional development. The ideas presented in this paper can contribute to the search for an authentic identity for some territorial entities, which is still in a “latent state”.