bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HNRNPA2B1: RNA-Binding Protein That Orchestrates Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Ruffenach Grégoire , Medzikovic Lejla , Aryan Laila , Li Min , Eghbali Mansoureh
Published: October 2022

Background:

RNA-binding proteins are master orchestrators of gene expression regulation. They regulate hundreds of transcripts at once by recognizing specific motifs. Thus, characterizing RNA-binding proteins targets is critical to harvest their full therapeutic potential. However, such investigation has often been restricted to a few RNA-binding protein targets, limiting our understanding of their function. In cancer, the RNA-binding protein HNRNPA2B1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1; A2B1) promotes the pro-proliferative/anti-apoptotic phenotype. The same phenotype in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is responsible for the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, A2B1 function has never been investigated in PAH.

Method:

Through the integration of computational and experimental biology, the authors investigated the role of A2B1 in human PAH-PASMC. Bioinformatics and RNA sequencing allowed them to investigate the transcriptome-wide function of A2B1, and RNA immunoprecipitation and A2B1 silencing experiments allowed them to decipher the intricate molecular mechanism at play. In addition, they performed a preclinical trial in the monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension rat model to investigate the relevance of A2B1 inhibition in mitigating pulmonary hypertension severity.

Results:

They found that A2B1 expression and its nuclear localization are increased in human PAH-PASMC. Using bioinformatics, they identified 3 known motifs of A2B1 and all mRNAs carrying them. In PAH-PASMC, they demonstrated the complementary nonredundant function of A2B1 motifs because all motifs are implicated in different aspects of the cell cycle. In addition, they showed that in PAH-PASMC, A2B1 promotes the expression of its targets. A2B1 silencing in PAH-PASMC led to a decrease of all tested mRNAs carrying an A2B1 motif and a concomitant decrease in proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Last, in vivo A2B1 inhibition in the lungs rescued pulmonary hypertension in rats.

Conclusions:

Through the integration of computational and experimental biology, the study revealed the role of A2B1 as a master orchestrator of the PAH-PASMC phenotype and its relevance as a therapeutic target in PAH.
Prior SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection Is Associated With Coronary Vasomotor Dysfunction as Assessed by Coronary Flow Reserve From Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Weber Brittany , Parks Sean , Huck Daniel M. , Kim Andy , Bay Camden , Brown Jenifer M. , Divakaran Sanjay , Hainer Jon , Bibbo Courtney , Taqueti Viviany , Dorbala Sharmila , Blankstein Ron , Woolley Ann E. , Di Carli Marcelo F.
Published: October 2022

Background

Cardiovascular complications from COVID‐19 contribute to its high morbidity and mortality. The effect of COVID‐19 infection on the coronary vasculature is not known. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of coronary vasomotor dysfunction identified by coronary flow reserve from cardiac positron emission tomography in patients with previous COVID‐19 infection.

Methods and Results

All patients who had polymerase chain reaction–confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection referred for myocardial stress perfusion positron emission tomography imaging at Brigham and Women's Hospital from April 2020 to July 2021 were compared with a matched control group without prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection imaged in the same period. The main outcome was the prevalence of coronary vasomotor dysfunction. Myocardial perfusion and myocardial blood flow reserve were quantified using N13‐ammonia positron emission tomography imaging. Thirty‐four patients with prior COVID‐19 were identified and compared with 103 matched controls. The median time from polymerase chain reaction–confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 to cardiac positron emission tomography was 4.6 months (interquartile range,1.2–5.6 months). There were 16 out of 34 (47%) patients previously hospitalized for COVID‐19 infection. Baseline cardiac risk factors were common, and 18 (53%) patients in the COVID‐19 group had abnormal myocardial perfusion. Myocardial blood flow reserve was abnormal (<2) in 44.0% of the patients with COVID‐19 compared with 11.7% of matched controls (
P
<0.001). The mean myocardial blood flow reserve was 19.4% lower in patients with COVID‐19 compared with control patients (2.00±0.45 versus 2.48±0.47,
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

Myocardial blood flow reserve was impaired in patients with prior COVID‐19 infection compared with cardiovascular risk factor–matched controls, suggesting a relationship between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and coronary vascular health. These data highlight the need to assess long‐term consequences of COVID‐19 on vascular health in future prospective studies.
Findings of a Novel Barbershop‐Based Peripheral Artery Disease Screening Program for Black Men
Authors: White Solaru Khendi T. , Coy Tyler , DeLozier Sarah , Brinza Ellen , Ravenell Joseph , Longenecker Christopher T. , Wright Jackson T. , Gornik Heather L.
Published: October 2022

Background

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) increases the risk of cardiovascular events and limb events including amputations. PAD is twice as prevalent in Black compared with non‐Hispanic White individuals, especially among men. Screening for PAD using the ankle–brachial index in community settings, such as the barbershop, could lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Methods and Results

A pilot study was conducted at 2 barbershops in Cleveland, OH from June to December 2020 to assess the feasibility of screening for PAD in the barbershop setting and the effect of an educational intervention on PAD awareness. After screening with both automated and Doppler ankle–brachial index, PAD was identified in 5/31 (16.1%) of participants. Baseline systolic blood pressure, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and random blood glucose were higher in participants who screened positive for PAD (
P
<0.001). PAD awareness was low overall. There was a significant improvement in PAD awareness assessment scores obtained at the initial and exit visits (9.93±4.23 to 12.50±4.41,
P
=0.004). An association was found between PAD awareness at baseline and highest education level achieved: compared with those with some college/associate's degree or higher, non–high school graduates scored lower on PAD awareness (
P
=0.022), as did those who only had a high school diploma or tests of General Educational Development (
P
=0.049).

Conclusions

In a pilot study, barbershop‐based screening for PAD among Black men revealed a higher than expected PAD prevalence and low PAD awareness. An educational video was effective at increasing PAD awareness. Ankle–brachial index screening and educational outreach in the barbershop may be a feasible and effective tool to diagnose PAD and reduce PAD disparities among Black men at highest risk.
Left Atrial Function and Arrhythmias in Relation to Small Vessel Disease on Brain MRI: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Austin Thomas R. , Jensen Paul N. , Nasrallah Ilya M. , Habes Mohamad , Rashid Tanweer , Ware Jeffrey B. , Chen Lin Yee , Greenland Philip , Hughes Timothy M. , Post Wendy S. , Shea Steven J. , Watson Karol E. , Sitlani Colleen M. , Floyd James S. , Kronmal Richard A. , Longstreth W. T. , Bertoni Alain G. , Shah Sanjiv J. , Bryan R. Nick , Heckbert Susan R.
Published: October 2022

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased stroke risk and accelerated cognitive decline, but the association of early manifestations of left atrial (LA) impairment with subclinical changes in brain structure is unclear. We investigated whether abnormal LA structure and function, greater supraventricular ectopy, and intermittent AF are associated with small vessel disease on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain.

Methods and Results

In the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, 967 participants completed 14‐day ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring, speckle tracking echocardiography and, a median 17 months later, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. We assessed associations of LA volume index and reservoir strain, supraventricular ectopy, and prevalent AF with brain magnetic resonance imaging measures of small vessel disease and atrophy. The mean age of participants was 72 years; 53% were women. In multivariable models, LA enlargement was associated with lower white matter fractional anisotropy and greater prevalence of microbleeds; reduced LA strain, indicating worse LA function, was associated with more microbleeds. More premature atrial contractions were associated with lower total gray matter volume. Compared with no AF, intermittent AF (prevalent AF with <100% AF during electrocardiographic monitoring) was associated with lower white matter fractional anisotropy (−0.25 SDs [95% CI, −0.44 to −0.07]) and greater prevalence of microbleeds (prevalence ratio: 1.42 [95% CI, 1.12–1.79]).

Conclusions

In individuals without a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, alterations of LA structure and function, including enlargement, reduced strain, frequent premature atrial contractions, and intermittent AF, were associated with increased markers of small vessel disease. Detailed assessment of LA structure and function and extended ECG monitoring may enable early identification of individuals at greater risk of small vessel disease.
Effects of Endocrine Therapy on Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Among Breast Cancer Survivors: The National Health Insurance Service Database of Korea
Authors: Kim Ji‐Eun , Choi Jaesung , Park JooYong , Han Wonshik , Kang Daehee , Choi Ji‐Yeob
Published: October 2022

Background

Although endocrine therapy is an effective treatment for breast cancer, its antiestrogen effects are associated with increased risks of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the association between endocrine therapy and the risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes among breast cancer survivors in Korea, in consideration of various age groups.

Methods and Results

In the National Health Insurance Service database of Korea, a total of 133 171 patients with breast cancer aged ≥20 years were included in the current study. Endocrine therapy was treated as time‐varying exposure, and patients were categorized as nonusers, selective estrogen receptor modulator users, aromatase inhibitor users, and both users. Time‐dependent Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. Age at diagnosis, socioeconomic status, histological type, other treatments, and comorbidities were adjusted in the model. Compared with nonusers, selective estrogen receptor modulator users were associated with higher risks of stroke (HR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.04–1.40]) and venous thromboembolism (HR, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.13–1.90]), whereas aromatase inhibitor users were associated with a higher risk of coronary heart disease (HR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.06–1.41]). The risk of type 2 diabetes was associated with selective estrogen receptor modulator users (HR, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.05–1.21]), aromatase inhibitor users (HR, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.05–1.23]), and both users (HR, 1.24 [95% CI, 1.10–1.39]). In particular, the risk of a composite of cardiovascular diseases was higher in younger or premenopausal patients.

Conclusions

In breast cancer survivors in Korea, endocrine therapy is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Monitoring of cancer comorbidities after endocrine therapy is needed in younger and older patients.
Standardization and revision of morphological structures terminology for Glyphocrangonidae (Decapoda: Caridea)
Authors: RODRIGUES THAIANA G. A. , CARDOSO IRENE A.
Published: October 2022

Glyphocrangonidae includes 96 species in one genus, Glyphocrangon A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 and this genus was divided into four informal species groups. This family has a complex morphology with many ornamentations on the body. Some papers tentatively standardized the group’s nomenclature, but it still presents understanding problems as one structure being called of three distinct names, for instance. Here, we are standardizing the nomenclature of Glyphocrangonidae based on the homologous structures that describe the group.
Amos: Theological and Ethical Dimensions
Authors: Price Randall
Published: October 2022

This article presents a theological exegesis of the book of Amos. It focuses on the ethical dimensions of the prophet’s judgements of Israel and the surrounding nations. The message of Amos is set within its canonical texts, putting it in conversation with a teaching of the Pentateuch and the New Testament, especially the Epistle of James. I conclude by relating the theological and ethical elements of Amos to the concerns of the modern church.
Effects of carbon black on epoxidized natural rubber composites: Rheological, abrasion, and mechanical study
Authors: Tareen Muhammad Humble K , Hussain Fiaz , Zubair Zakariya , Aslam Samina , Saleem Tahira , Awais Muhammad , Farooq Assad , Goda Ibrahim
Published: October 2022

A detailed analysis of the rubber composites is necessary for the designing and fabrication of advanced rubber products. In this study, composite materials are synthesized by adding different nanofillers of carbon black nanoparticles into epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). The specific characteristics of carbon black (CB) affect the crosslinking density between CB and polymeric chains in ENR. The effects of particle size, structure, thermal conductivity, and functionality of CB on rheology and mechanical properties of filled reinforced ENR are examined. The composite materials are thoroughly characterized for their abrasion, rheology, tensile, hardness, elongation, resilience, and compression behavior. The results revealed that various properties of composite materials depend on the characteristics of the reinforcing CB fillers. It was found that lower particle size and ordered structure provide good tensile strength, tear strength, abrasion, and aging resistance. In contrast, larger particle size and a lower ordered structure provide high flow rate, low hardness, excellent re-bounce, and good compression set characteristics.
Developmental Reengagement Without Depression: A Grounded Theory of Resilience Among Bereaved College Students
Authors: Plocha Aleksandra H. , Modrak Stephanie R. , Hoopes Molly M. , Priest Amanda C. , Donahoe Amanda J.
Published: October 2022

Bereavement is considered one of the most stressful experiences that young people face, and there are unique considerations for how this impacts college students. Applying a resilience framework to the experiences of bereaved college students can provide a better understanding of their experiences; however, studies on the ways that these individuals themselves define resilience are extremely limited. Furthermore, no studies to date have considered the intersection between college students’ conceptualizations of resilience and the developmental features of emerging adulthood. The authors present the results of a grounded theory study in which 51 bereaved college students completed a questionnaire and 10 were interviewed to identify the age-salient tasks that they use to define resilience. Three primary themes were identified related to resilience: (a) emotional indicators, (b) behavioral indicators, and (c) fixed and/or unidentifiable factors. Findings were analyzed to reveal the bidirectional impact between grief and the developmental features of emerging adulthood.
“There Is Nothing I Can’t Face Now”: Coping With Child Loss Among Bereaved Parents in Ghana
Authors: Asare Grace O. , Annor Francis , Yendork Joana S.
Published: October 2022

Coping resources play a critical role in parents’ recovery from the trauma associated with child loss. In Ghana, little is known about how parents cope with child loss despite the relatively high prevalence of child loss in the country. This study, therefore, sought to map out coping strategies bereaved parents adopt in response to child loss. Twenty Ghanaian parents were purposively sampled and their accounts were thematically analyzed. Findings from the study show that bereaved parents adopted both cognitive and behavioral coping mechanisms. Religion and social support also emerged as useful coping resources for bereaved parents. Additionally, bereaved parents showed evidence of posttraumatic growth following child loss. The findings underscore the need for practitioners to develop programs around adaptive coping methods that bereaved parents are familiar with to enhance their chances of developing progressive outcomes in the course of managing the distress associated with child loss.
The Mediating Effect of Social Anxiety on the Relationship Between Internet Addiction and Aggression in Teenagers
Authors: Çınar Özbay Sevil , Kanbay Yalçın , Firat Meryem , Özbay Özkan
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of “internet addiction level” on “aggression level” among teenagers and to examine the mediating role of “social anxiety level” on this effect. The study participants consisted of 958 students attending private teaching institutions for university preparation in Turkey. Data was collected from voluntary participants through data collection forms delivered to the management of these institutions. “Sociodemographic Characteristics Questionnaire Form”, “Young’s Internet Addiction Test”, “Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire” and “Social Anxiety Scale” were used as data collection tools. A regression analysis based on the bootstrap method was implemented to test whether “social anxiety level” had a mediating role on the influence of students’ “internet addiction level” on “aggression level”. According to the findings, it was determined that the indirect effect of “internet addiction” on “aggression” was significant, and therefore, “social anxiety level” mediated the relationship between “internet addiction” and “aggression".
One Step Forward From Agassi’s Inquiries on Logic: A Fallibilist Logic for Critical Rationalism
Authors: Wettersten John
Published: October 2022

Critical rationalists cannot reconcile their falibilism with the demand of logic for universality. Popper tried, but failed, to achieve universality in logic without proof. Attempts to find a limited approach to logic as ‘logics of’ have failed to find a coherent critical rationalist alternative. Critical rationalists take Tarski’s logic to be the best of logic today. But Tarski renders logic as close to justification, and thereby universality, as possible. A fallibilist version of Tarskian logic can yield a critical rationalist alternative: It provides rules for solving problems in linguistic contexts, but also discovers mistakes by discovering errors in logical inference.
Conceptualising eco-anxiety using an existential framework
Authors: Rehling Joseph TC
Published: October 2022

There is a lack of conceptual clarity regarding the nature of distress caused by confrontations with climate change as a generalised or global phenomenon (distress often labelled ‘eco-anxiety’). However, existing literature has suggested that existential concerns might be central to the experience. This article explores and conceptualises the experience of eco-anxiety through semi-structured interviews with 15 self-selecting adults. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, which utilised an existential framework – consisting of the concerns of death, meaning, isolation, and freedom/responsibility – in a theory-driven analysis of interview transcripts. Participants’ experiences were conceptualised by four themes derived from the existential framework and six subthemes. Climate change was equated with death or loss and associated with guilt, anger, isolation, powerlessness, and chronic uncertainty about what to do as well with challenges to meaning in life. The study indicates that distress about climate change is a diverse and distressing phenomenon that can be appropriately conceptualised through an existential lens. Implications of this are discussed for climate and clinical psychology.
Internal pressure control for high-speed trains based on condition matching and performance iteration
Authors: He Zhi-Ying , Chen Chun-Jun , Yang Lu , Wang Dong-Wei
Published: October 2022

When a high-speed train passes through tunnels, tunnel pressure waves will cause pressure fluctuation inside carriage. Traditional control strategy of shutting down air ducts for a fixed period may fail to consider both riding comfort and air quality. The similarity of tunnel pressure waves when the same train passes through the same tunnel provides a possibility to solve the problem by iterative learning control (ILC) algorithm. However, the varying amplitude and scale limit the application of conventional ILC. Thus in each iteration, the control inputs of the nearest condition in the historical database will be matched and applied to the control process, after which the control error will be gained and then the control inputs will be updated by the error. Next, the performance will be evaluated to refresh the database to make the control inputs in the database to be optimal. Feasibility analysis and simulations show the feasibility of controlling the fluctuation inside the carriage by matching the database records.
A Rare Case of Nasal Lobular Capillary Hemangioma Centered at the Pyriform Aperture
Authors: Silver Jennifer A. , Hutchinson Kelly Ann , Himdi Lamiae
Published: October 2022

Significance Statement: We present the rare case of a nasal lobular capillary hemangioma with bony erosion atypically localized to the left piriform aperture. This fast-growing lesion caused both physical and emotional distress due to recurrent epistaxis and prominent esthetic deformity evidenced by a large nasal growth. While the final diagnosis was benign, the clinical and radiological findings caused concern. This case serves as a reminder that prompt referral, work-up, and diagnosis are essential to optimize patient care.
Cochlear Implantation: The Variation in Cochlear Height
Authors: Alshalan Afrah , Abdelsamad Yassin , Assiri Majed , Alsanosi Abdulrahman
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to identify the association between different cochlear metrics, including the basal turn diameter (A-value), the basal turn width (B-value), and the height of the cochlea (H-value). We also reported an association between H-value and hearing outcomes with cochlear implants (CI). This is a retrospective study that included all patients who underwent CI procedures between 2012 and 2018 at a tertiary center and have; preoperative high-resolution computed tomography (CT), normal cochlea, postoperative follow-up duration of at least 2 years, scores of the category auditory performance II (CAP-II), and speech intelligibility rating (SIR) scales. A total of 65 ears implanted with CI in 46 patients (24 boys and 20 girls; mean age of 7 (±10) years) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We found significant positive correlations between A vs B, A vs H, and B vs H ( P-value = 0.008, 0.018, and 0.0039, respectively). We also found a significant positive relationship between A, B, and H values and cochlear duct length (CDL) ( P-value < 0.0001, 0.008, and 0.018, respectively). Finally, the H-value was significantly correlated with the SIR ( P-value = 0.027). However, its correlation with the CAP score was not statistically significant ( P-value = 0.62). Cochlear height significantly correlated with CDL and the other cochlear parameters. The variation in cochlear height can also affect speech outcomes in patients undergoing CI. Therefore, the H-value together with the other cochlear metrics should be adequately assessed preoperatively in CI patients.
Simultaneous Nasal Septal Schneiderian Papilloma and Respiratory Epithelial Adenomatoid Hamartoma
Authors: Perić Aleksandar , Đurđević Biserka Vukomanović , Labus Milica , Gaćeša Dejan , Barsova Gabriela Kopacheva , Baletić Nenad
Published: October 2022

Schneiderian papilloma is typically found on the lateral nasal wall, but, in rare cases, can be located at the mucosa of the nasal septum. Respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH) is rare, non-neoplastic lesion characterized by an abnormal proliferation of glandular part of the respiratory nasal mucosa. We present a case of a 42-year-old man with five-year history of bilateral nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, and hyposmia. On endoscopic examination, we found lobulated, yellowish-pink soft tissue masses on both sides of the nasal septum. The results of histopathological analyses showed the characteristics of Schneiderian papilloma in the lesion excised from the right and REAH in the lesion excised from the left side of the nasal cavity. To our knowledge, cases of simultaneous presentation of Schneiderian papilloma and REAH on opposite sides of the nasal septum have not been published so far. An appropriate cooperation of rhinologist and pathologist allows for a correct diagnosis of these rare and unusual lesions.
From Cultural Marxism to Critical Literacy: Rethinking Douglas Kellner’s Media Theory
Authors: Daros Otávio
Published: October 2022

Douglas Kellner emerged in the late 1980s as a media theorist. This article reconstructs his intellectual trajectory, analyzing the developments and problems of his media theory. His path was influenced by so-called Western Marxism, notably by the Frankfurt School and, later, by British cultural studies. Kellner made both currents of European thought dialogue and incorporated them into French postmodernism, in a context configured by the ‘culture wars’ in the United States. All of this shaped the analysis of what he called ‘media culture’ and, a few years later, ‘media spectacle’, as well as his proposal for critical media literacy. It is argued that Kellner proposes an innovative synthesis in theoretical and methodological terms, outlined with Cultural Marxism. On the other hand, his proposition is not exempt from conceptual contradictions that generate analytical simplifications during the practice of research, as it moves between immanent to transcendent critique.
Problem-based learning (PBL) in music teacher education
Authors: da Fonsêca Barros Matheus Henrique , Penna Maura
Published: October 2022

This article analyzes the implementation of problem-based learning (PBL) in music teacher education. A qualitative action-research took place at the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia (IF), in Northeast Brazil, including Music Education students and selected staff. The pedagogical intervention was carried out by in-class activities based on five suggested problems. The interpretation of the data indicates that PBL can enrich the education process of the music teacher by bringing the formative stage closer to the practical world, through problems that present real-life situations in teaching elementary, middle, and high school levels. The effectiveness of its implementation depends on institutional, curricular, and cultural factors as well as the knowledge of PBL frameworks. PBL’s dynamics reconfigures the teacher/student relationship, promotes the development of learning autonomy and the recognition of a music teacher identity. It also fosters group-work skills that stimulate cooperation and mutual analysis, in addition to encouraging reflective professional practices.
Perceived partner support and post-traumatic symptoms after an acute cardiac event:A longitudinal study
Authors: George-Levi Sivan , Fait Keren , Hod Hanoch , Matezky Shlomi , Vilchinsky Noa
Published: October 2022

Objective

Cardiac disease induced post-traumatic stress symptoms (CDI-PTSS) have been associated with negative consequences for patients’ mental and physical health. Identifying risk factors as well as potential buffers is necessary for understanding the development and maintenance of CDI-PTSS. The current study focused on the mediating and moderating role played by patients’ perceptions of their partners’ ways of providing support (active engagement, overprotection, and protective buffering) in the development and stabilization of CDI-PTSS levels over time.

Method

Male patients ( N = 106) were recruited at hospitalization (T1) and completed the study’s questionnaires at two time points: approximately four months after hospital discharge (T2) and approximately eight months after discharge (T3).

Results

Structual equation modeling was used to test the study hypotheses. All three forms of T2 perceived partner support were positively associated with T2 CDI-PTSS levels which, in turn, were positively associated with T3 CDI-PTSS levels. The linear association between T2 and T3 CDI-PTSS was positive but decreased as perceived partner protective buffering levels increased.

Conclusions

In the context of CDI-PTSS, perceived partner support seems to have a different effect than it has in non-traumatic illness contexts. Interventions for couples coping with CDI-PTSS should be designed accordingly.
Establishing reporting standards for participant characteristics in post-stroke aphasia research: An international e-Delphi exercise and consensus meeting
Authors: Wallace Sarah J , Isaacs Megan , Ali Myzoon , Brady Marian C
Published: October 2022

Objective

To establish international, multidisciplinary expert consensus on minimum participant characteristic reporting standards in aphasia research (DESCRIBE project).

Methods

An international, three-round e-Delphi exercise and consensus meeting, involving multidisciplinary researchers, clinicians and journal editors working academically or clinically in the field of aphasia.

Results

Round 1 of the DESCRIBE e-Delphi exercise ( n = 156) generated 113 items, 20 of which reached consensus by round 3. The final consensus meeting ( n = 19 participants) established DESCRIBE's 14 participant characteristics that should be reported in aphasia studies: age; years of education; biological sex; language of treatment/testing; primary language; languages used; history of condition(s) known to impact communication/cognition; history of previous stroke; lesion hemisphere; time since onset of aphasia; conditions arising from the neurological event; and, for communication partner participants, age, biological sex and relationship to person with aphasia. Each characteristic has been defined and matched with standard response options to enable consistent reporting.

Conclusion

Aphasia research studies should report the 14 DESCRIBE participant characteristics as a minimum. Consistent adherence to the DESCRIBE minimum reporting standard will reduce research wastage and facilitate evidence-based aphasia management by enabling replication and collation of research findings, and translation of evidence into practice.
Low-grade carotid artery stenosis is associated with progression of brain atrophy and cognitive decline. The SMART-MR study
Authors: Ghaznawi Rashid , Vonk Jet MJ , Zwartbol Maarten HT , Bresser Jeroen de , Rissanen Ina , Hendrikse Jeroen , Geerlings Mirjam I ,   on behalf of the UCC-SMART Study Group
Published: October 2022

Asymptomatic low-grade carotid artery stenosis (LGCS) is a common finding in patients with manifest arterial disease, however its relationship with brain MRI changes and cognitive decline is unclear. We included 902 patients (58 ± 10 years; 81% male) enrolled in the Second Manifestations of Arterial Disease – Magnetic Resonance (SMART-MR) study without a history of cerebrovascular disease. LGCS was defined as 1–49% stenosis on baseline carotid ultrasound, whereas no LGCS (reference category) was defined as absence of carotid plaque. Brain and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes and cognitive function were measured at baseline and after 4 (n = 480) and 12 years (n = 222) of follow-up. Using linear mixed-effects models, we investigated associations of LGCS with progression of brain atrophy, WMH, and cognitive decline. LGCS was associated with greater progression of global brain atrophy (estimate −0.03; 95%CI, −0.06 to −0.01; p = 0.002), and a greater decline in executive functioning (estimate −0.02; 95%CI, −0.031 to −0.01; p < 0.001) and memory (estimate −0.012; 95%CI, −0.02 to −0.001; p = 0.032), independent of demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and incident brain infarcts on MRI. No association was observed between LGCS and progression of WMH. Our results indicate that LGCS may represent an early marker of greater future brain atrophy and cognitive decline.
One-year aerobic exercise increases cerebral blood flow in cognitively normal older adults
Authors: Tomoto Tsubasa , Verma Aryan , Kostroske Kayla , Tarumi Takashi , Patel Neena R , Pasha Evan P , Riley Jonathan , Tinajero Cynthia D , Hynan Linda S , Rodrigue Karen M , Kennedy Kristen M , Park Denise C , Zhang Rong
Published: October 2022

The impact of aerobic exercise training (AET) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation remains inconclusive. This study investigated the effects of one-year progressive, moderate-to-vigorous AET on CBF, central arterial stiffness, and cognitive performance in cognitively normal older adults. Seventy-three older adults were randomly assigned to AET or stretching-and-toning (SAT, active control) intervention. CBF was measured with 2D duplex ultrasonography. Central arterial stiffness, measured by carotid β-stiffness index, was assessed with the ultrasonography and applanation tonometry. Cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) was calculated as mean arterial pressure divided by CBF. A cognitive battery was administered with a focus on memory and executive function. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by peak oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]O2peak). One-year AET increased [Formula: see text]O2peak and CBF and decreased CVR and carotid β-stiffness index. In the AET group, improved [Formula: see text]O2peak was correlated with increased CBF (r = 0.621, p = 0.001) and decreased CVR (r = −0.412, p = 0.037) and carotid β-stiffness index (r = −0.478, p = 0.011). Further, increased Woodcock-Johnson recall score was associated with decreased CVR (r = −0.483, p = 0.012) and carotid β-stiffness index (r = −0.498, p = 0.008) in AET group (not in SAT group). In conclusion, one-year progressive, moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise training increased CBF and decreased carotid arterial stiffness and CVR which were associated with improved memory function in cognitively normal older adults.
Severe methyl bromide poisoning causing early acute renal failure and anuria: a case report
Authors: Li Yaqian , Yu Guangcai , Shi Longke , Zhao Liwen , Wen Zixin , Kan Baotian , Wang Wenjun , Jian Xiangdong
Published: October 2022

Methyl bromide is a pre-plant soil fumigant that is widely used to control nematodes, insects, and fungi in farmlands. Methyl bromide enters the human body through dermal absorption or inhalation and can damage the respiratory, nervous, circulatory, urinary, and other systems. A 62-year-old man who had inhaled a large amount of methyl bromide was admitted to our department. He presented with respiratory failure and pink foamy sputum. He was started on dexamethasone, alanyl glutamine, sulbactam, furosemide, vitamin B1, mouse nerve growth factor, and other treatments, and mechanical ventilation and continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHF) were performed daily. He subsequently developed coagulopathy because of the CVVHF, for which protamine, recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide, and albumin were administered intravenously. Notably, the patient developed sustained anuria and eventually died owing to multiple organ failure; specifically, failure of the brain, heart, lungs, and kidneys. This report presents the diagnosis, clinical course, management, and prognosis of a patient who was treated at our hospital for severe methyl bromide poisoning.
Numerical study of icing impact on the performance of pitch-regulated large wind turbine
Authors: Kangash Aleksei , Virk Muhammad Shakeel , Maryandyshev Pavel
Published: October 2022

This paper presents a study of the impact of icing on the performance of a pitch-regulated large wind turbine. Numerical simulations of six blade sections of the NREL 5 MW wind turbine at various free stream velocities are performed. Blade Element Momentum (BEM) method along Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) bases multiphase numerical simulations are used for this study. Analysis shows that the simulated parameters are in good agreement with the real conditions for each blade element during operation, except for the three-dimensional effects. The analysis of accreted ice shapes and air/droplet flow fields around the blade profile sections was carried out, and the calculation of aerodynamic performance, and energy production degradation was also performed. The tip of the blade is most affected by icing, it is characterized by the greatest changes in the aerodynamic performance. Maximum reduction in the wind turbine performance is estimated to be around 24%.
Childhood Stunting and Wasting Following Independence in South Sudan
Authors: Hoffman Daniel J. , Kassim Ismail , Ndiaye Biram , McGovern Mark E. , Le Huyen , Abebe Kiross Tefera , Ayoya Mohamed Ag
Published: October 2022

Background:

South Sudan has experienced ongoing civil and environmental problems since gaining independence in 2011 that may influence childhood nutritional status.

Objective:

To estimate the prevalence of undernutrition among children in South Sudan in 2018 and 2019 compared to the prevalence in 2010.

Methods:

Data on height and weight were collected using a 2-stage stratified sample framework in which households were randomly selected at the county level and nutritional status was calculated for all children under 5 years of age to determine height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age Z-scores (HAZ, WHZ, and WAZ) and the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with nutritional status and the odds ratio for nutritional outcomes.

Results:

In 2010, the mean HAZ, WHZ, and WAZ was −0.78, −0.82, and −1.15, respectively, and the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight was 30%, 23%, and 32%, respectively. In 2018 and 2019, the mean HAZ, WHZ, and WAZ was −0.50, −0.70, −0.77 and −0.53, −0.77, −0.76, respectively. The prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight in 2018 and 2019 was 17%, 14%, 15% and 16%, 16%, 17%, respectively. Age was negatively associated with all nutritional indices and girls had higher HAZ, WHZ, and WAZ and a lower mid upper arm circumference ( P < .01) compared to boys. The risk of poor nutritional outcomes was associated with vaccine status and varied by state of residence.

Conclusions:

Following independence in 2010, the prevalence of undernutrition in South Sudan decreased, but the risk for undernutrition varied by state and efforts to address food security and health need to ensure equitable access for all children in South Sudan.
Development and validation of a nomogram involving immunohistochemical markers for prediction of recurrence in early low-risk endometrial cancer
Authors: Kong Wei , Tu Yuan , Jiang Peng , Huang Yuzhen , Zhang Jingni , Jiang Shan , Li Ning , Yuan Rui
Published: October 2022

Background

The purpose of this study was to construct a nomogram based on classical parameters and immunohistochemical markers to predict the recurrence of early low-risk endometrial cancer patients.

Methods

A total of 998 patients with early low-risk endometrial cancer who underwent primary surgical treatment were enrolled (668 in the training cohort, 330 in the validation cohort). Prognostic factors identified by univariate and multivariate analysis in the training cohort were used to construct the nomogram. Prediction performance of the nomogram was evaluated using the calibration curve, concordance index (C-index), and the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve. The cumulative incidence curve was used to describe the prognosis of patients in high-risk and low-risk groups divided by the optimal risk threshold of the model.

Results

In the training cohort, grade ( P = 0.040), estrogen receptor ( P < 0.001), progesterone receptor ( P = 0.001), P53 ( P = 0.004), and Ki67 ( P = 0.002) were identified as independent risk factors of recurrence of early low-risk endometrial cancer, and were used to establish the nomogram. The calibration curve showed that the fitting degree of the model was good. The C-indexes of training and validation cohorts were 0.862 and 0. 827, respectively. Based on the optimal risk threshold of the nomogram, patients were split into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. The cumulative incidence curves showed that the prognosis of the high-risk group was far worse than that of the low-risk group ( P < 0.001).

Conclusion

This nomogram, with a combination of classical parameters and immunohistochemical markers, can effectively predict recurrence in early low-risk endometrial cancer patients.
A Systematic Review of Characteristics of Students With Emotional Disturbance in Special Education Research
Authors: Chow Jason C. , Morse Ashley , Zhao Hongyang , Kingsbery Corinne , Murray Rebecca , Soni Isha
Published: October 2022

We conducted a systematic literature review examining the participant characteristics of studies of students with emotional disturbance (ED) with the purpose of better understanding potential similarities and differences between students with ED in research and the population of students with ED. Results indicate (a) participants with reported demographics were predominantly White or Black/African American and male; (b) participants in research samples were significantly different from the national population on gender, age, and race across study designs; (c) the research samples included significantly more White and Black/African American participants and fewer from other minority racial groups compared with the national population; (d) male participants were overrepresented and female underrepresented in studies generally, but the pattern was reversed in researcher-recruit samples; and (e) young children ages 3 to 5 years old were severely underrepresented in the research sample. We discuss the implications of this review and future directions for research.
Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (O-RADS MRI): Genesis and Future Directions
Authors: Nougaret Stephanie , Lakhman Yulia , Bahadir Suzan , Sadowski Elizabeth , Thomassin-Naggara Isabelle , Reinhold Caroline
Published: October 2022

Imaging plays an important role in characterizing and risk-stratifying commonly encountered adnexal lesions. Recently, the American College of Radiology (ACR) released the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) for ultrasound and subsequently for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The goal of the recently developed ACR O-RADS MRI risk stratification system is to improve the quality of imaging reports as well as the reproducibility of evaluating adnexal lesions on MRI. This review focuses on exploring this new system and its future refinements.
Tales from a Hospital Entrance Screener: An Autoethnography and Exploration of COVID-19, Risk, and Responsibility
Authors: Miele Rachelle
Published: October 2022

This autoethnography explores my experiences as a hospital entrance screener during the first wave of the pandemic in a hospital in Ontario, Canada. In April 2020, I was redeployed from my research role to a hospital entrance screener. Focused on my lived experiences, the purpose of this research is to provide a glimpse into what it was like to work in a hospital early in the pandemic, to understand these experiences in relation to sociocultural meanings, and to try to make sense of my experiences with COVID-19. Through reflections, I offer a critical account of my experiences working as a screener and analyze personal reflections about my thoughts, feelings, and experiences from a post-structural lens. My analysis reveals several themes: responsibilization, risk, emotional labor, policing and securitization, and the hero discourse. My experiences as a screener demonstrate the complexities of the COVID-19 society and experience.
Real-time vehicle identification and tracking during agricultural master-slave follow-up operation using improved YOLO v4 and binocular positioning
Authors: Wang Liang , Li Lingmin , Wang Hao , Zhu Shaohua , Zhai Zhiqiang , Zhu Zhongxiang
Published: October 2022

The identification and positioning of a master is essential for the master-slave cooperative operation of agricultural machinery. This study aimed to develop an agricultural vehicle dynamic identification and tracking method for agricultural master-slave follow-up operation using improved YOLO v4 and binocular positioning. The regular pruning algorithm was used to trim the original YOLO v4 channel to achieve a fast and accurate identification of master vehicle. The principle of binocular vision positioning was used to calculate the position of the master. The method (IYO-BPO) proposed in this study fused target detection and binocular vision positioning together, which was used to identify and track the master vehicle in real time. To evaluate the performance of the developed method, RTK-GPS and a gyroscope were installed on the master vehicle to obtain the reference position and heading angle. Identification and tracking experiments of both the linear and S-shaped movement of the master were conducted. The RMS errors were 0.067 m, 0.203 m, and 2.602° in terms of the longitudinal, lateral, and heading angle deviation, respectively, when the master moved along a straight line. The results show that the master vehicle could be identified and tracked by the IYO-BPO correctly and effectively.
Modeling and computation of nanofluid for thermo-dynamical analysis between vertical plates
Authors: Riaz Samia , Ali Qasim , Khanam Zuhra , Rezazadeh Hadi , Esfandian Hossein
Published: October 2022

It is well fact that the computational complexity of unsteady and viscoelastic nanofluid can be measured by mathematical modeling that allows the suitable performance for variations from specific to particular rheological parameters. This manuscript addresses the fractionalized mathematical modeling of an unsteady incompressible Maxwell transient free convection flow of nanofluids in the existence of radiation as well as damped thermal flux by using the Caputo time-fractional derivative. The integral transform technique is invoked on the fractionalized governing equations to find the exact solution. The numerical solution to the problem is also attained by utilizing Stehfest and Tzou algorithms. Finally, for the sake of graphical illustration, the comparative analysis for validating both algorithms on velocity and temperature profiles is performed numerically. The temperature and velocity curves are reduced by growing α for small time, and behavior is contrary for large time. By growing values of [Formula: see text] declines the velocity profiles. Velocity is linearly proportional to relaxation time λ, and the boundary layer difference is decreased by increasing the time. Our achieved solutions via two different numerical methods, that is, Stehfest and Tzou are equal.