bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Air-Fuel Ratio Analyzer Based on CAN Bus
Authors: Wu Wei Bin , Hong Tian Sheng , Guo Jin Xing , Liu Xian Mao , Guo Xie Ming , Wu Sheng Hao
Published: December 2010

Air-Fuel Radio (AFR) analyzer technology is basically mastered by monopolies of developed country nowadays. Due to the lack of development in China, it has a strong practical value to study the accurate, rapid response and portable air-fuel ratio analyzer. This article is based on the AFR calculation model microcomputer hardware and software system design, background monitoring software design and debugging and measurement system, and on the choice of universal oxygen sensor calibration laboratory, establishing a wide-range of oxygen sensor output voltage and AFR model. The main features of AFR analyzer are measurement and display of air-fuel ratio, excess air coefficient or oxygen content, via RS232 communication with host computer or via Control Area Network (CAN) bus and vehicle ECU communication function. Test results showed that the error can be controlled at ± 0.03 λ range when comparing the Analyzer measurement values to calculated values. Compared with American Innovate company LM-2 air-fuel ratio analyser, the maximum relative error measured is ±0.08 when exhaust flood or too dilute, the average measurement error is ±0.04 while λ is between 0.8 and 1.3.
Segmentation and Semantic Annotation of 3D Objects
Authors: Zhou Jiang , Ma Xin Yu
Published: December 2010

Recently, semantic based 3D object retrieval has been paid more attention to because it focuses on obtaining the retrieved objects in a machine understandable and intelligent manner. In this paper, we propose an approach for semantic based annotation of 3D shapes. To enable semantic based annotation, the method for object segmentation decomposes 3D objects into meaningful parts semi-automatically. Furthermore, each part can be regarded as a 3D object, and further be semantically annotated according to ontology vocabulary from the Chinese cultural relics. Such a segmentation and annotation provide the premise for the future retrieval of 3D shapes.
Study on Detection System for Bend Elastic Modulus of Veneer Based on CPLD
Authors: Sun Da Gen , Xiao Jiang , Huang Li Yan
Published: December 2010

A ultrasonic detection system is constructed with CPLD and single chip as the core, including ultrasonic sensors, launch circuit, and receiving circuit in this paper. And the Bend Elastic Modulus of Veneer can be measured through ultrasonic testing method. And because of the bend elastic modulus showed positive correlation in plank strength, the veneer grade can be divided through this system. Finally, through detailed contrastive analysis of bend elastic modulus testing via this system and the one with only single chip as its core:, it can be indicated that the core of the system CPLD has high precision and strong anti-interference, and reliable operation.
Optimal Path Selection for Mine Emergency Rescue Based on Improved Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Tian Feng , Chen Zhong Zhao
Published: December 2010

It is the primary task to ensure the safety of lives and property of underground workers with the increasing amount of coal mining. Under the actual complex environment of coal, all kinds of uncertian factors should be considered except for the distance for the selection of the optimal path to reduce casualties. Aiming at the defect of the lower solution accuracy and tending to fall into local optimal solution of the basic ant colony algorithm(ACA), an improved ant colony algorithm is presented based on the model of ACA. Experiment results show that the new algorithm can get better results.
Some Partial Differential Equations of Multivariable Vector Functions and the Integral Equations of Multivariable Vector Functions
Authors: Qu Han Zhang
Published: December 2010

The relations between the partial differential equations of multivariable vector functions and the integral equations of multivariable vector functions which are correspond to them are discussed. The partial differential linear equations of multivariable vector functions can be transformed into the integral linear equations of multivariable vector functions by using the continuous wavelet transforms of multivariable vector function spaces. The result that in the weak topology the partial differential equations of multivariable vector functions are equivalent to the integral equations of multivariable vector functions which are correspond to them is obtained.
The Role of Belief in the Emergence of Social Conventions in Artificial Social System
Authors: Xia Zheng You , Gu Chen Ling
Published: December 2010

The emergence of social conventions in multi-agent systems has been analyzed mainly by considering a group of homogeneous autonomous agents that can reach a global agreement using locally available information. We use novel viewpoint to consider that the process through which agents coordinate their behaviors to reduce conflict is also the process agents use to evaluate trust relations with their neighbors during local interactions. In this paper, we propose using the belief update rule called Instances of Satisfying and Dissatisfying (ISD) to study the evolution of agents' beliefs during local interactions. We also define an action selection rule called “highest cumulative belief” (HCB) to coordinate their behavior to reduce conflicts among agents in MAS (multi-agent systems). We find that the HCB can cause a group of agents to achieve the emergence of social conventions. Furthermore, we discover that if a group of agents can achieve the emergence of social conventions through ISD and HCB rules in an artificial social system, after a number of iterations this group of agents can enter the harmony state wherein each agent fully believes its neighbors.
Research on Harmonic Suppression and Power Compensation of Aluminum Electrolytic Rectifier
Authors: Lin Hong Ju
Published: December 2010

According to analyze damage of current aluminum electrolytic rectifier, one second order high pass filter was presented, which can complete harmonic suppression and power compensation. At the same time, principle and parameters computation method of it were given in the paper. Experiment results proved, it could reduce harmonic currents and increase power factor effectively if the according methods were used to design filter, it is obvious economic effects and good application prospects in the aluminum electrolytic enterprises. With the current power system harmonic pollution becoming serious, its damage is given great concern by the electrical profession. The aluminum electrolytic rectifier is great harmonic source in power system, which output currents to it, and which bright large sum of extra power rate to enterprises according to current power rate metering method[1].Furthermore, it can reduce rectifier units power factor. Accordingly, it is necessary to complete harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation for power system supplying good quality electrical energy. The given company 160KA aluminum electrolytic rectifier was presented for the experiment object in our country in the paper. According to analyzing its structure and parameters, one design method of second order high pass filter was given, which could complete harmonic suppression and power compensation. After the filter was used, it not only could suppress harmonic current, but also could increase power factor to reasonable level so as to reach anticipation effects.
Design and Realization of Aircraft Engine Wire Fault Detection Database
Authors: Shi Xu Dong , Zhang Zhen Zhen , Liu Xiao Lin
Published: December 2010

The engine is the core part of an airplane and its wire performance has a direct important impact on the safety. The detection of the engine wire fault costs much time and effort in the maintenance nowadays. Based on that, the technical data are well determined in the database of the fault diagnosis on airplane engine wire is presented in this paper. And furthermore, the function and operation of the database are given too. The time can be reduced and the efficiency can be improved significantly in maintenance by utilizing the database presented in this paper.
The Research on Merging Control Strategy of COGAG Power Plant
Authors: Xie Chun Ling , Wang Zhi Tao
Published: December 2010

The Combined gas turbine and gas turbine (COGAG) power plant has being favored more and more by the navies of various countries because of its unique advantages such as good mobility and small weight. Therefore, the research on marine integrated propulsion systems (IPS) will have an important significance. The paper will mainly simulate the running performance of generating electricity module of COGAG power plant. The most excellent project of collectivity structure dispose can be achieved by simulating the running performance of generating electricity module of COGAG power plant. Also we can achieve collectivity performance, the most excellent matching; characteristic matching technology of working condition conversing. Especially the dynamic performance and control strategy of generating electricity module of COGAG power plant were mastered. The finally research production can supply technology foundation for designing the generating electricity module of COGAG power plant.
A Case Study on Evaluation of Airport Logistics Competitiveness Based on AHP
Authors: Peng Jian Liang , Zhan Chen Xu
Published: December 2010

The evaluation of airport logistics competitiveness can identify the airports’ advantages and disadvantages, and take certain measures to solve problems. In this paper, the airport logistics competitiveness evaluation index system has been built. The application of AHP method evaluates the logistics competitiveness of Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport (HIA) and the other four airport of Asia Pacific in comprehensive. The advantages and disadvantages of HIA in logistics have been obtained, which provide a scientific basis to improve its logistics competitiveness. The conclusion of the study is of some practical significance.
3D Visualization of the Radar Environment
Authors: Qiu Hang , Chen Lei Ting , Cai Hong Bin
Published: December 2010

In this paper, a new method for 3D visualization of radar electromagnetic environment is presented. This method is based on derivation of the radar equation, from the perspectives of pitch and azimuth angles to achieve 3D modeling of radar coverage through discrete subdivision, and the radar model possesses self-adaptability to different levels of detail. Our method ensures that the model shape conforms to the radar’s attributes. Compared to conventional methods, the experiments show that our method has better efficiency, adaptability, and accuracy in accomplishing the radar 3D modeling and rendering.
Improved Bipolar Resistive Switching Memory Using W/TaOx/W Structure
Authors: Prakash Amit , Maikap Siddheswar , Lee H.Y. , Chen G. , Chen F. , Tsai Min Jing , Kao M.J.
Published: December 2010

Resistive switching memory characteristics of high- TaOx film in a W/TaOx/W structure have been investigated and compared with Al/TaOx/W structure. Amorphous TaOx film with a thickness of 6.8 nm was confirmed by HRTEM image and EDX analysis. The switching in Al/TaOx/W structure is found to be unstable with large variations in set and reset voltages. The memory device in W/TaOx/W structure shows good memory characteristics with a low power of ~500µAx1.6V. The current conduction mechanism is fitted to Ohmic and SCLC in LRS and HRS, respectively. The memory device has shown good endurance characteristics of >5x103 cycles and good data retention with a stable HRS/LRS.
Self-Consistent Subband Calculations of AlxGa1-xN/(AlN)/GaN-Based High Electron Mobility Transistor
Authors: Lenka T.R. , Panda A.K.
Published: December 2010

In this paper, there is an attempt to present the two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) transport characteristics of AlxGa1-xN/(AlN)/GaN-based High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) using a self-consistent numerical method for calculating the conduction-band profile and subband structure. The subband calculations take into account the piezoelectric and spontaneous polarization effects and the Hartree and exchange-correlation interaction. Here the dependency of conduction band profile, subband energies, 2DEG sheet concentration and sheet resistance on various Al mole fractions of AlxGa1-xN barrier layer are presented by incorporating simulation as well as available experimental data. Introduction of very thin binary AlN layer at the heterojunction of AlxGa1-xN/GaN resulting high mobility at high sheet charge densities by increasing the effective and decreasing alloy disorder scattering. Devices based on this structure exhibit good DC and RF performance as an increase of . Owing to high 2DEG density , the proposed device leads to operate in microwave and millimeter wave applications.
The Status Quo and Development Strategy of Muay Thai in China
Authors: Li Chun Mu , Wang Ru Feng
Published: December 2010

Muay Thai in China fighting for a new project to develop momentum. Applying literature study, expert interviews, questionnaires, observation, statistics and other research methods, the author studied the status quo and shortcomings of Muay Thai in China, especially in large and medium cities. The sustainable development strategy of Muay Thai in China was proposed.
Study on the Dynamic Wheel Load of Multi-Axle Vehicle Based on Distribute Loading Weight
Authors: Dong Zhong Hong
Published: December 2010

To study the dynamic wheel load on the road, a dynamic multi-axle vehicle mode has been developed, which is based on distribute loading weight and treats tire stiffness as the function of tire pressure and wheel load. Taking a tractor-semitrailer as representative, the influence factors and the influence law of the dynamic load were studied. It is found that the load coefficient increases with the increase of road roughness, vehicle speed and tire pressure, yet it decreases with the increase of axle load. Combining the influences of road roughness, vehicle speed, axle load and tire pressure, the dynamic load coefficient is 1.14 for the level A road, 1.19 for the level B road, 1.27 for the level C road, and 1.36 for the level D road.
Variation of Absorption Coefficient of Glucose Water in Consideration of Water Displacement
Authors: He Zhong Hai , Zhu Guang Shuai
Published: December 2010

Adding glucose in water will cause two influences on the aqueous solution: one is absorption coefficient addition of glucose; the other is absorption coefficient decrease of water because of water displacement. So the total absorption effect is the result of the absorption coefficient increase of glucose and absorption coefficient decrease of water. In this paper the absorption coefficient of glucose water is analyzed in consideration of water displacement. By data of handbook, we deduce a relationship between the glucose absorption coefficient addition and water absorption coefficient decrease. When one molar glucose is added into water, 6.15 molars water molecular is displaced. The wavelength selection in glucose detection should be at the place where the combined absorption is maximum. The wavelength of widely used in blood glucose concentration detection, e.g. 1.6μm, is selected as an example for analysis. When glucose is added into water, the linear relationship between glucose concentration and absorption coefficient is hold on. On the other hand, when the water molecular is decreased, the water absorption coefficient will decreased, too, which will decrease the total absorption coefficient compared to the situation without water displacement. In general, water displacement will decrease the sensitivity of absorption coefficient to glucose concentration.
Using Dynamic Multi-Resolution Render 3D Terrain
Authors: Zhang Yong Qiang , Chao Xu
Published: December 2010

The problem that the three-dimensional terrain data of Rendering was studied in Simulation and Game Engine .At first,a new real-time scheduling algorithm was put forward based on determining the simulation vision.in the visible area.the partition area was set up thought Level of Detail(LOD). Then setting up an adaptive node evaluation system was established based on distance and space error function. Through estimate plane of trangle render by layer,and adding the effort of rendering.
Nanogold Aggravating MEMS Cantilever Capacitance Detection Biochip
Authors: Deng Zhong Liang , Ge Yue Tao , Guan Wei Guo , Zhang Nai Bo , Cao Qi Ke
Published: December 2010

A kind of array micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) cantilever of biochip is designed, which integrated capacitive pressure sensor. Before and after hybridization reaction, by the change of capacitance value, it can measure the capacitance values through integrated circuit (IC) to judge whether the solution containing the cantilever probe genes. In order to improve the detection sensitivity, it aggravate cantilever by gold nanoparticles combining hybridization information, applying Au-S chemical bond of gold nanoparticles and dithiol HS(CH2)6SH to combine and fix DNA probes and applying target DNA marked with biotin to combine gold nanoparticles by Biotin - Streptavidin combining. The results shows that this biochip can detect biological samples fast, high throughput, low cost, high sensitivity and reliably.
Research on Fast Application Layer Tree Multicast Algorithm Based on End-to-End Measurement
Authors: Wang Xin Hai
Published: December 2010

Application Layer Multicast (ALM) is more flexible than that in IP layer and easy to optimize for specific applications, so the research on it has become a hotspot. Aiming at the problem of most ALM protocol ignoring bandwidth of covering tree, the paper presented a new heuristic algorithm Max-Delta, which inferred the underlying link topology using end-to-end measurement technology. On the basis of this, a kind of Fast Application layer Tree (FAT) algorithm to construct covering tree was proposed to meet the requirements of bandwidth. In addition, the algorithm's time complexity was also analyzed. Simulation results show that Max-Delta algorithm can obtain network topology accurately with less network measurement times comparing with random measurement algorithm and longest path measurement algorithm.
Fast Algorithm for the Inverse Matrices of Periodic Adding Element Tridiagonal Matrices
Authors: Fan Hong Ling
Published: December 2010

Adding element tridiagonal periodic matrices have an important effect for the algorithms of solving linear systems，computing the inverses, the triangular factorization，the boundary value problems by finite difference methods, interpolation by cubic splines, three-term difference equations and so on. In this paper, we give a fast algorithm for the Inverse Matrices of periodic adding element tridiagonal matrices.
Study on in-Depth Processing of Coking Wastewater by Coagulation with Aluminum Sulfate
Authors: Zheng Yi , Zhang Zhuo , Hu Hong Tao , Wei Xia Liang
Published: December 2010

In this study, in-depth processing of biologically-pretreated coking wastewater was performed using aluminum sulfate (alum) and alum + PAM, respectively, aiming to study removal efficiency of COD, SS and color of coking wastewater as a function of pH, alum dosage and/or PAM, and to determine the optimal conditions for treatment of the coking wastewater. It was found that the optimum dosage and pH are 300 mg/L and 6.5 for coagulation with alum. The optimal condition for coagulation/flocculation with PAM + alum was 15-minute reaction, pH of 6.5, alum dosage of 220 mg/L, PAM dosage of 6 mg/L. Coagulation using alum and PAM at the optimal condition was more efficient than treatment using single alum for removal of COD and color. Effluent COD after coagulation at the optimum conditions met requirements of the secondary standard described in “Integrated wastewater discharge standard”, while the corresponding color exceeded the limit. Hence, coagulation using alum was found to be inefficient in reduction of color for biologically treated coking wastewater.
Advanced Treatment of Coking Wastewater by Coagulation with PAC
Authors: Zheng Yi , Zhang Zhuo , Hu Hong Tao , Wei Xia Liang
Published: December 2010

An integrated technique was investigated, aiming to provide an effective method for the treatment of biologically treated coking wastewater and to reduce pollutants to concentration values below the limits imposed by the legislation. Coking wastewater containing 270 mg/L COD and 202 times color was treated by coagulation using PAC as well as PAC +PAM, respectively. The application of coagulation using PAC+PAM resulted to a much more efficient removal of color, COD and SS in comparison with single coagulation without PAC. The optimal condition for coagulation with PAC was pH 8, dosage 75 mg/L and dynamic condition 1-minute high speed stirring followed by 15-minute low speed stirring. The optimal condition for coagulation with PAC and PAM was: PAM dosage of 6 mg/L, PAC dosage of 70 mg/L, pH of 8 and reaction time of 20 minutes. Both processes of coagulation were found to be efficient for removal of COD from coking wastewater, but ineffective in reducing color.
Application of TSVM Incremental Learning in Web Text Categorization
Authors: Jia Zhi Juan , Hao Wei Xu , Zhang Xiang Yu
Published: December 2010

Based on the research of the current situation in text categorization, this paper has drawn an inductive conclusion on the key technology of text category, carried out an exploration on the theory of transductive support vector machine (TSVM) as well as the categorizing process of incremental learning, established web Chinese text categorization model on the basis of TSVM incremental learning, and explained the learning process of incremental learning in Chinese text categorization. Experimental studies show that incremental learning has significant effect on improving the categorizing performance.
The Study of Automatic Train Operation (ATO) System
Authors: Liu Jun Li , Li Shu Fen , Liu Jun Qin
Published: December 2010

As a sub-system of ATC system, the ATO subsystem is a very important part, which is the technical measure that can raise the train movement level of urban track transportation (on time, comfortably, energy-saving). Using LabVIEW embedded control system to simulate the ATO system with two levels of Fuzzy Neural Network. By studying and differencing the input data in preceding network, the best operating condition of the train in the specific position can obtain, according to which the latter network infers train's running speed under current condition.
The Fuzzy Control Method in Semi-Active Suspension
Authors: Zhao Jing Hua , Zhang Wen Bo , Hao He
Published: December 2010

Based on the analysis of performance of vehicle and its suspension, half vehicle model of five DOF and road model were built and the dynamic equations of half vehicle were derived according to the parameters of a commercial vehicle. In addition, a novel fuzzy logic control system based on semi-active suspension was introduced to achieve the optimal vibration characteristic, with changing the adjustable dampers according to dynamic vertical body acceleration signal. The fuzzy control was designed based on non-reference model method that acceleration value was sent to the fuzzy controller directly. And then, simulation analysis of semi-active suspension with fuzzy control method were implemented on the B-class road surface. The results showed that the semi-active suspension control system introduced in this paper has better performance on vieicle vibration characteristic, compared to passive suspension.
OGRE Engine Based on Three-Dimensional Modeling of Biological Cells
Authors: Shi Hui Wen , Yang Xiao Yan , Lin He Ping
Published: December 2010

Three-dimensional models can better express the internal structure of cells. In the field of virtual education we can have an interactive operation so that learners will have a visual and perceptual understanding, thus master the knowledge more easily. we use VS tools , OGRE engine to complete reading and reproducing 3DMAX models. As for Three-dimensional modeling with large volumes of data, we used the level of detail (Level Of Details) algorithm, to delete unnecessary edges, lines, planes, and some texture mapping, reducing the data volume to the scope that can be accommodated. As for the texture that can be reused we use the local feature extraction, a study which has a great significance on the research of lightweight modeling.
The Study of the Solar Energy Heating System in the Cold Region
Authors: Sun Wen Xu , Hong Wei , Liu Ye
Published: December 2010

This article researched on solar radiant floor heating system between theory and experiment cold region. The experiment is basis on home water heater as the main source of solar radiant floor heating system, solar collector area of 1.8m2, water capacity 0.208m3, heating load of 110w/m2. In addition to the electric coil consumed energy for prevent freezing damage of out door pipes. The entire system is any other consumption. Test results between techno-economic analysis and calculation show that: a total test system saved energy 2262230.22 per year, the system payback period is 3.4 years.
Study and Realization of Train Positioning System Based on Spread Spectrum Technology
Authors: Xu Hui Bin , Chen Yong Shen , Wang Ying
Published: December 2010

Communication Based Train Control is the trend of the Automatic Train Control technology. For the problem of train positioning, Study the technology of train positioning Based on the Radio Spread Spectrum ,and proposed the method of obtaining transport delay by calculatiing the Error Rate, further ,model and simulate the positioning system.
On the Application of DSP Technology in Real-Time Voice Communication System
Authors: Feng Wen Ge
Published: December 2010

This paper describes the advantages of DSP TMS320VC5402 in the voice coding communication and focuses on interface design of real-time voice signal processing as well as the hardware and software design of the system from the aspect of voice signal acquisition and processing. Besides, it also introduces the corresponding design principle of hardware and software.
Research on Energy-Saving Strategy for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Li Yuan Yuan
Published: December 2010

The wireless sensor networks have been extensively deployed and researched. One of the major issues in wireless sensor networks is the energy consumption program. In this paper, we analyzed the development status of wireless sensor networks and the problems,while proposed the network structure and energy model,then we discussed the energy saving strategies for wireless sensor networks from four aspects:First analysis the component of WSN protocol stack and the energy consumption;Second,we study the energy-saving strategy for a single node from the computing subsystem and the communication subsystem,and we introduce a new long-sleeping status to save energy through using Flag mark.Third is the energy-saving optimization strategy based on communication protocol which mainly discuss from MAC and routing protocols.Last,we discuss the topology control strategy for energy-saving and point out the importance of topology control technology. Use these strategies, we can significantly reduce the energy consumption of wireless sensor networks and extend the network life-cycle.
Analysis of Tetracyclines (TCs) Residues in Honey with HPLC - UV
Authors: Zhang Hai Ying , Chen Dong Hui , Zheng Yi , Hu Hong Tao
Published: December 2010

Simultaneous determination of oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TC), chlortetracycline (CTC), and doxycycline (DC) residues in honey was performed using a high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet spectrophotometer ant this method was validated by analysis of precision and accuracy. Honey was digested using perchloric acid of 2% mass concentration. Matrix matched calibration curves showed a linearity exceeding 0.99. The recovery ratios lay between 75.9% and 92.5% and the coefficient variation was lower than 16.6%. Limits of detection and quantitation were below 0.03µg mL-1 and 0.09µg mL-1, respectively, for OTC and TC, and below 0.07µg mL-1 and 0.20µg mL-1, respectively, for CTC and DC. The experiments demonstrated that it is a simple method suitable for detection of residual TCs in honey.
Progressive Failure Research on Foundation Surface of Concrete Gravity Dam
Authors: Jia Chao , Gao Feng , Li Yong
Published: December 2010

Concrete dam safety is one of the hot issues in dam study with the increasing of dam’s scale and height. Sliding failure along foundation surface is a potential failure mode of concrete gravity dam, and this mode is relatively rare in practical engineering. Strength reduction method is used to analyze the progressive failure along foundation surface of concrete gravity dam, and the strength parameters of weak layer in the foundation surface are reduced to analyze the occurrence and development regularity of plastic zone. If the plastic zone of foundation surface is totally coalescent, the dam will slide along the foundation surface. To track this process, the failure path and the safety reserve coefficient would be determined. This result will provide certain scientific basis for anti-sliding stability analysis of concrete gravity dam.
Experimental Study on Influence on Structural Mechanical Behavior Caused by Steel Bar Corrosion of Hollow Slab Hinge Joints
Authors: Peng Li Ying , Wei Jun , Ban Xia
Published: December 2010

Through experiment and theoretical analysis, this paper researched the influence of steel bar corrosion of hollow slab hinge joints on the structural mechanical behavior. The results showed that when load was little corrosion of hinge joints steel bar would do little to affect the joint between hollow slabs and hinge joints would work together with hollow slabs as a whole. When load was large, corrosion of hinge joints steel bar would decrease the joint between hollow slabs.
Mechanical Behavior Experiment Research on the Temporary Support Structure in Building Construction
Authors: Zeng Fan Kui , Liu Xue Bing
Published: December 2010

At present, the national norms of temporary support structure in building construction has not officially promulgated. there was no uniform standard in the structure design and construction, which leaded to the collapse of construction accidents occurring from time to time. Through measuring mechanical behavior of support system of coupler, the statics have obtained that loads of temporary support has been gradually imposed on the structure by step construction in the construction process. Construction loading is a complex process of construction mechanics. The measured axial force is larger than standard one by JGJ130-2001. The results shows the load structure suffered has been not fully taken into account. As the load of erecting pole of top and bottom is not the same, the height of structure bearing capacity has been considered in design. As the second-order effecting on structure, both horizontal rod and bridging bear a certain horizontal force in the construction process. The value of bridging stress is larger. In the structure design calculations, the arrangement of bridging should be paid more attention to improve the stability of the entire frame. The obtained results provides experiment basis for support system designed.
A Numerical Method for Penetration into Concrete Target Using SPH-Lagrange Coupling Method
Authors: Huang Xi Cheng , Yan Yi Xia , Zhong Wei Zhou , Chen Yu Ze , Zhu Jian Shi
Published: December 2010

This paper demonstrates the application of both numerical simulation and empirical equation in predicting the penetration of a concrete target by an ogive-nosed projectile. The results from the experiment performed by Gran and Frew are used as a benchmark for comparison. In the numerical simulations a 3.0-caliber radius-head steel ogival-nose projectile with a mass of 47 kg is fired against cylindrical concrete target with a striking velocity of 315 m/s. In the simulation the smooth particles hydrodynamics SPH-Lagrange coupling method is applied to predict the maximum depth of penetration. For calculation of DoP and response of projectile the SPH-Lagrange method can give satisfactory results.
Construction Site Measurement of High or Large-Span Form Strut System
Authors: Cai Xue Feng , Zhuang Jin Ping , Zhou Ji Zhong
Published: December 2010

Design theory of high or large-span form strut system cann’t meet the engineering requirement and deficiencies were pointed out. In this paper, variation rule of axial force of the strut with the whole course of concrete pouring had been studied by measuring on three sites. The result discovered that pouring method and floor modes have significant effect on axial force of high or large-span form strut system. Compared to manual pouring, pumping lead to not only horizontal impact force but also vertical impact force. Compared to flat roof, axial force of avertical strut in sloping roof form strut system were more uneven and the maximal difference reached to 2 times. Axial force between bottom part and top part at avertical strut are different due to the influence of horizontal strut and crossing strut. Due to analysis result, some corresponding advices were put out in the end.
Study on Rupture Angle of Bulk Solid in Large Diameter Silos
Authors: Chen Chang Bing
Published: December 2010

With the increasing volume demand of silos, silo diameters are bigger and bigger. However, present wall pressure computation methods are mostly based on small diameter silos. To solve this problem, systematical research on the wall pressure in large diameter silos is of great importance. For now, in the Chinese code the wall pressure computation methods are based on the limit equilibrium theory to be calculated, which define the orientation of the rupture plane in the bulk solid within the silo. The rupture angle is a key parameter to silos’ wall pressure. Therefore the value and direction of rupture angle are researched by theoretical method in this paper, which has heavy significance and provide an important basis for the large diameter silo design.
Damage Analysis Model for RC Members Based on Level of Material
Authors: Li Zuo Hua , Teng Jun , He Xue Feng
Published: December 2010

This paper presents a numerical strategy to model nonlinear damage behavior of RC members based on level of material. The first part of the paper presents a numerical model of the RC member based on the Timoshenko multifiber beam elements and non-linear damage constitutive laws for concrete, and the effective three dimensional fiber beam-column element model is developed for the nonlinear damage analysis of RC members with VUEL subroutine based on ABAQUS/Explicit platform. In the second part, a nonlinear damage analysis for RC members is established by analyzing the sections of fiber beam column elements, and the member damage index through statistical analysis of concrete fibers damage is defined in the extreme section of beam elements, which can describe the nonlinear damage behavior of RC members under any loadings. Accuracy of the model is identified preliminarily by comparing with the analysis results of solid elements, the results shows that it seems now possible to use this approach to investigate numerically the nonlinear damage behavior of RC members based on level of material.
Simplified Calculation of Temperature Stress of Cast Plate in Frame Structure
Authors: Liang De Zhi , Song Yu Xin
Published: December 2010

The impact of temperature stress cannot be ignored in actual project. Single-frame shear wall structure of two-dimensional plane has been simplified in this paper. Fixed point of displacement under the influence of the temperature is determined in structure. Model for Calculating is given. Temperature stress of frame - shear wall cast plate is found by matrix method.
Experimental Study on Inner Reinforced Concrete-Block Composite Shaft Lining
Authors: Jiang Hao Liang , Liu Ri Hui
Published: December 2010

Inner reinforced concrete-block composite shaft lining was widely used in vertical shaft sinking by vertical shaft sinking machine (VSM) and freezing shaft. In this paper, the deformation characteristic, failure Patten and the load Bering capacity of inner reinforced concrete-block composite shaft lining are presented ,based on the model test .and the test data are provide for the design and calculation of this kinds of composite shaft lining.
Study on the Overall Stability of Single-Layer Spherical Latticed Shell Structures and Its Applications in Engineering
Authors: Wang Fan , Zhang Zhi Gang , Luo Min
Published: December 2010

This paper focuses on the research of stability capacity of shells with openings, the judgment of joint rigidity and the influence of joint rigidity on stability capacity of shell structure. The research result showed that it should give priority to use ribbed-Schwedler shells for the shells with large openings. Currently, there is no clear standard for judging joint rigidity, this paper presents a way to identify the steel joints stiffness. In the structural design of Chang'an stadium, according to the joint structure, it is proved to be hinged node by analyzing the joint stiffness. Buckling analysis results show that: single-layer shell with hinged nodes also has good stability. The result of the research has a certain value to practical engineering design.
Study on Improving Overall Calculation Method of Mix Design Method for Fly Ash HPC
Authors: Shen Wei , Li Fu Hai , Lu Cong Jun
Published: December 2010

Applying to high performance concrete mix design, overall calculation method can fully quantify the various components of concrete. While the application of overall calculation is very wide, its applicability has weaken with the increase of fly ash. In particular, overall calculation is not applied to high volume fly ash concrete. The reason is simplely considered fly ash cement as a simple alternative to cement when designing of concrete mix, and then following the water-cement ratio strength formula to design concrete mix, neglecting the differences of contribution to concrete strength between fly ash and cement. To solve these problems, this paper considers the fly ash as a separate component of concrete, and re-establishes two variables strength formula based on water-cement ratio and fly ash dosage. On the basis of the generally applicable volume model of concrete, overall calculation is re-derived, then used to directly design high performance concrete mix ratio. Improved overall calculation method is more widely ,more scientific and more reasonable, and will have a far-reaching influence on the application of high volume fly ash high performance concrete.
Fire Behaviors of Restrained RC Beams with Slab
Authors: Tang Gui He , Wu Bo
Published: December 2010

Using the computer program SAFIR, the behaviors of restrained reinforced concrete (RC) beams with slab exposed to ISO834 standard fire are analyzed. The influences of three parameters (i.e., width of slab, axial restraint stiffness ratio, and rotational restraint stiffness ratio) on the beams’ behaviors in fire are investigated. Simulation results show that: (a) the axial force in the slab is much larger than that in the beam on the whole; (b) after 0.5 hour of heating the axial force in the slab decreases gradually with an increasing of the slab width ranging from 1.0 m to 2.5 m, but the influence of the slab width ranging from 1.0 m to 2.5 m on the axial force in the beam is limited; and (c) the effect of the rotational restraint stiffness ratio on the axial force in the beam/slab is very limited, but the beam’s peak hogging moment increases gradually with an increasing of the rotational restraint stiffness ratio.
The Effect of the Varied Temperature and Humidity on Creep Deflection in Service Stage of Bridges
Authors: Rao Rui , Fu Ji Yang , Liu Ai Rong
Published: December 2010

The creep deflections in service stage of bridges are discussed with the effect of the variable temperature and humidity on creep. A coefficient of equivalent duration of loading (CEDL) is proposed, which is an indicator of the effect of the variable temperature and humidity. According to the periodicity of the climate and based on the recorded and collected daily average temperature and humidity in five cities in Pearl River delta from 2002 to 2006, the monthly average CEDL and the yearly average CEDL are thus given to study the effect of the variable temperature and humidity on the creep deflection of a five spans single plane cable-stayed bridge. It is demonstrated that the effect of the variable temperature and humidity is notable in the early phase but inapparent in the later phase of the service stage of the bridge.
Effect of Elevated Temperature on the Strength and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity of Glass Fiber and Nano-Clay Concrete
Authors: Ho Chung Ming , Tsai Wei Tsung
Published: December 2010

The objectives of this paper are to find the strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of concrete adding admixtures by glass fiber and nano-clay. Residual strength and residual UPV of concrete specimens subjected to elevated temperatures are investigated. Experiment results showed that adding glass fiber and nano-clay would be beneficial for the later-age compressive strength of concrete. Adding nano-clay could considerably increase the flexural and split strength and the toughness of concrete. It is revealed that adding nano-clay could significantly maintain residual compressive and split strength of specimens after high temperature exposure. Regression analysis results revealed that the residual strength and residual UPV of concrete specimens had a high relevance after elevated temperatures exposure.
Fire Resistance of Crisscross Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Core Columns in the Different Axial Compression
Authors: Xu Ya Feng , Fu Yi , Zhang Yu Bo , Zhao Xin
Published: December 2010

Crisscross concrete-filled steel tube core column is a kind of new component. In this paper, the cross-sectional temperature distributions and thermal-stress of crisscross concrete-filled steel tube core columns are analyzed by using nonlinear finite element method under eight-side fire, so we can acquire mechanics performance in the high temperature life and fire-resistant. Simulation results show that: this kind of construction has a good inherent performance under fire, moreover, reducing load is an effective measure to improve the fire resistance of crisscross concrete-filled steel tube core columns.
Bearing Capacity Experiments and Design Suggestions on New Roof System of Profiled Steel Sheet
Authors: Song Xiao Guang , Chen Lu , Zhang Qi Lin
Published: December 2010

Full-scaled bearing capacity experiments are performed on a new type of profiled steel sheet, i.e. HV-380. Experiments are divided into two parts. In the first part, positive uniform loads are applied on test specimens to determine bearing capacity of sheet system under downward load perpendicular to sheet. While negative uniform loads are applied on test specimens to determine bearing capacity of sheet system under upward load perpendicular to sheet in the other part. The experiment result indicates that the capacity under negative uniform loads is less than it under positive uniform loads for same sheet type and configuration, i.e. wind uplift governs the design of the new type of profiled steel sheet; and most failure mode is clip failure. Based on experiment result, wind resistances are derived and applicable regions are suggested.
Numerical Solution of Section Stress about Steel-Concrete Composite Beams
Authors: Cheng Hai Gen , Yu Yan Lou , Zhang Yong
Published: December 2010

Steel-concrete composite beams are composed of concrete slabs and steel girders by shear connectos. Due to the shear lag effect, the longitudinal normal stress of cross section is nonuniform distribution,and it is difficult to analyse the effect of that by ordinary beam theory. A differential equation of equilibrium is constituted corresponding to the compatibility of deformation and the equilibrium of forces about steel-concrete composite beams under particular assumed condition. The method of variable-separating is applied to solve the differential equation with the simply supported boundary condition. An example of steel-concrete composite box girder is given to analyse the effect of shear lag on its stress and approve its applicability.
Analysis Research of Frame-Supported Transfer Beam with Opening Using Finite Element
Authors: Yao Ji , Li Ze , Peng Ming Jun
Published: December 2010

This paper presents research on mechanical behavior of frame-supported transfer beams with or without opening in the high-rise buildings using commercial finite element software ANSYS. The result indicated that the hole only impacted the local stress distribution of transfer beam. From the overall view, stress distribution of frame-supported transfer beam with or without opening was almost same. But hole undermined the whole working performance of transfer beam and reduced transfer beam bearing capacity. Influence of the hole as the result of the stress concentration on transfer beam maked the spot became weak part. This weak spot needed to be strengthened in the practical struction members.
Performance Comparison between High Strength Concrete and Ordinary Concrete under Mixed Erosion and Freeze-Thaw Cycling
Authors: Zhang Jian , Diao Bo , Li Yan Dong , Zheng Xiao Ning
Published: December 2010

: Performance of high strength concrete and ordinary concrete under alternating action of mixed erosion and freeze-thaw cycling were compared. The erosion solution was mixed by weight of 3% sodium chloride and 5% sodium sulfate. Results showed that, after 200 freeze-thaw cycles, the effect of surface scaling of ordinary concrete was more significant than that of high strength concrete, and the mass loss rate of ordinary concrete was much higher; The relative dynamic modulus of elasticity of high strength concrete slightly increased by 2.99%, while that of ordinary concrete decreased more than 13%. Compressive strength and elastic modulus of high strength and ordinary concrete behaved almost in the same way in the first 50 freeze-thaw cycles, with the increase of freeze-thaw cycles in the following test, the compressive strength and elastic modulus of ordinary concrete showed larger reductions than these of high strength concrete. As the freeze-thaw cycles increased, the corresponding strain to the peak stress of high strength concrete decreased, but it increased for ordinary concrete.
Calculation of Internal Force of Axial Tension Member due to Temperature Variation Accounting for Cracking
Authors: Zhang Yu Ming , Bian Guang Sheng , Fan Tao
Published: December 2010

Internal force of a concrete member duo to temperature variation is related to stiffness. A reduction of stiffness occurs and the magnitude of the internal forces drops from the values existing before cracking when cracking occurred due to temperature variation. Internal force of axial tension member due to temperature variation developed in a jagged style with cracking. Calculation method of internal force and stiffness reduction coefficient of axial tension member due to temperature variation was presented accounting for cracking. Given example shows stiffness reduction coefficient has a close relationship with number of cracks and steel ratio. Member with high steel ratio subjected to the same temperature variation has more cracks and smaller crack width.
The Clever Use of Neutron-Axis of the Girder in the Stress Measurement of the Large Span PC Cable Stayed Bridge
Authors: Xu Yu Feng
Published: December 2010

As the stress measurement of interior concrete is hard in the construction control of the cable- stayed bridge, a new method fitted for stress measurement in large span PC concrete cable-stayed bridge is proposed in this paper. This method is based on the principle that the normal stress in neutron-axis of girder is only decided by the horizontal part of the cable force. First, the normal stress on the neutron-axis of girder is calculated by the measured cable force, and then the creep coefficient is identified, and finally the other stresses are worked out. This method has been applied to a large span PC cable-stayed bridge constructed in process with favourable results and thus proves its accuracy and efficiency.