bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Hs Troponin I & uric acid in patients of myocardial infarction
Authors: Ahsan Farah , Talukdar Manas , Qureshi Naeem , Samreen Sumera , Kukreti Sonali
Published: January 2022

We aimed to provide Correlation of Hs Troponin I & Uric Acid in patients of Myocardial Infarction.

: 100 patients who came to cardiac emergency in Shri Mahant Indresh Hospital. Serum samples taken for Hs Troponin I and Uric Acid for patients of Myocardial Infarction and run on VITROS 5600/7600 which is based on dry chemistry.

: With 100 patients of more than 40 years of age 61 were males & 39 were females. For both males & females age mean & SD was 59.8±10.77.

In our study we took 100 random patients coming to cardiac emergency out of which 50 patients had raised trop I and 45 patients had raised uric acid levels. Out of those 50 patients with raised HS Trop I 25 patients had raised values for uric acid. For Hs Trop I males – 21.88±48.8 & females 1676±57.58.

For uric acid for males-6.545±3.75 & for females- 6.315±1.86.

Therefore Hs Trop I & uric acid were both significant when compared with age T value was 2.7001 and P value was 0.0075. Whereas when compared with sex that is male and female to both Hs Trop I and uric acid then Hs Trop I was more significant with P value 0.0001.

Uric acid is an economical marker that is readily, quickly and reliably obtainable & can be one of the predictable prognostic indicator in acute Myocardial Infarction.
Association of LpPLA2 with coronary artery disease a hospital-based case control study
Authors: Menon Jaideep C , Thachathodiyil Rajesh , Nair Anugrah , Chandrasekhar Rajiv , Kumaraswamy Natarajan , Maniyal Vijayakumar , Pai Praveen G , Mathew Navine , Madhavankutty Harikrishnan S , Sekhar Saritha
Published: January 2022

Coronary artery disease (CAD) in Asian-Indians is characterised by an earlier onset and more severe disease when compared to Western populations. It is estimated that about 20% of patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome do not have any of the conventional risk factors for CAD.

To assess the risk posed by each of the newer risk factors; alongside conventional risk factors namely diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia for coronary artery disease and to compare the relative risk in a case-control design.

Department of Cardiology, XXX Institute of Medical sciences (XXX).

Case control study design.

Cases are as any individual with coronary artery disease and controls included patients with non-coronary conditions. Dependant variable: coronary artery disease (CAD); Independent variables: Lp PLA2, Lp(a), Apo(a), Apo(b), Ratio (Apo B/Apo A); Other predictors- diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, tobacco use

Categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis was used to study the comparison and association of the categorical risk factors with the disease status, respectively. Software used was SPSS version 20.0.

A total of 253 participants aged between 19 and 90 years; 140 cases and 113 controls were enrolled in this study. Except for the hs-CRP level, alcohol consumption and LDL, all the other risk factors were seen significantly associated with the coronary artery disease; dyslipidaemia (10.8, 95% CI 3.29-35.37), gender- male (4.68, 95% CI 2.12-10.30), diabetes mellitus (3.3, 95% CI 1.6 -6.77), lipoprotein(a) more than 30mg% (2.34, 95% CI 1.06-5.15) and hypertension (2.48, 95% CI 1.14-5.39).

Conventional risk factors namely diabetes, hypertension and dyslipdaemia showed a statistically significant association with CAD while from among the biochemical markers the association was statistically significant only for Lp(a) when compared both between cases and controls and also in cases < age 50 years. The other biochemical risk factors namely Lp-PLA2, Apo(A1) and Apo(b) showed a weak degree of association with CAD.

In the present study we analyse the role of inflammatory mediators of CAD (hs-CRP, Lp-PLA2), pro-thrombotic markers [Lp(a)] alongside the lipid fractions apoB, apo A and their ratio to assess which of these biochemical markers predisposed one to CAD through assessment of the relative risk.
Study of HbA1c & microalbumin in urine in patients of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Ahsan Farah , Qureshi Naeem , Samreen Sumera , Kukreti Sonali
Published: January 2022

We aimed to provide correlation of HbA1c & Microalbumin in urine in patients of metabolic syndrome.

: 100 patients coming to OPD of Medicine department in Shri Mahant Indresh Hospital. Plasma samples taken for Hba1c and urine for microalbumin and run on VITROS 5600/7600 and reported for Hba1c & microalbumin.

: 51 were males and 49 were females out of 100 total patients. For males age mean & SD was 55.84±13.52 & for females was 57.56±10.08.

For raised and unraised HbA1c 10.42±+9.628 & 5.066±.0.216 for raised and unraised microalbumin 412.±1133 & 11.97±7.129.

When we compared both HbA1c and microalbumin in both males and females then mean and SD came out to for HbA1C for males 8.56±2.663 and females were 11.62±12.86 with t value 2.327 and p value 0.021 that states it was significant. And for micralbumin for male 391.5±1184 & for females 60.37±116.6 t value was 2.7832 and p value was 0.0059 it also states it was significant.

Therefore both the parameters were significant in patients of metabolic syndrome.
Intracerebral hemorrhage during the pandemic- Learning from experience
Authors: Iype Thomas , Ramachandran Dileep , Panicker Praveen , D Sunil , Surendran Manju , Rammohan
Published: January 2022

Worldwide stroke care was affected by COVID 19 pandemic and the majority of the literature was on ischemic stroke. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for about one-fourth of strokes worldwide and has got high mortality and morbidity. We aimed to study the effect of the Pandemic on ICH outcomes and flow metrics during the first wave compared to the pre-pandemic period and how that experience was made used in managing ICH during the second wave.

Ours was a single-center observational study, where consecutive patients with non-COVID spontaneous ICH aged more than 18 years who presented within 24 hours of last seen normal were included in the study. We selected the months of June, July, and August in 2021 as the second wave of the pandemic, the same months in 2020 as the first wave of the pandemic, and the same months in 2019 as the pre-pandemic period. We compared the 3-month functional outcomes, in hospital mortality and workflow metrics during the three time periods.

We found poor three-month functional outcomes and higher hospital mortality during the first wave of the COVID 19 pandemic, which improved during the second wave. In-hospital time metrics measured by the door to CT time which was delayed during the first wave improved to a level better than the pre-pandemic period during the second wave. ICH volume was more during the first and second waves compared to the pre-pandemic period. Other observations of our study were younger age during the second wave and higher baseline systolic BP at admission during both pandemic waves.

Our study showed that functional outcomes and flow metrics in ICH care improved during the second wave of the pandemic through crucial re-organization of hospital stroke workflows. We are sharing this experience because we may have to do further rearrangements in future as the upcoming times are challenging due to new variants emerging.
Miller fisher syndrome – A rare complication of covid-19 infection
Authors: Bansal Priyanshu , Sehgal Vineet , Bhalla Lucky , Arora Shaifali
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 virus can present with various neurological signs and symptoms involving both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Miller Fisher syndrome (M.F.S.), a variant of Landry Guillain Barre Syndrome (L.G.B.S.), presents with ataxia, areflexia, and ophthalmoplegia. It can develop during and after COVID-19 illness. We are reporting a case of the Miller Fisher variant of L.G.B.S. following a COVID-19 infection. We found no difference in clinical presentation, electrophysiological studies, severity, recovery, and treatment in our patient compared to a non-covid related M.F.S. Our goal is to add a case of the COVID-19-associated Miller Fisher variant of L.G.B.S. to already existing limited literature through this case report.
Evaluation of prescribing pattern of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and assessing effectiveness of sildenafil and tadalafil in patients with erectile dysfunction
Authors: Byndoor Yatish , Sagar Tamilisetti Vidya , Kumar Sanjay
Published: January 2022

Several factors may affect identification and treatment of erectile dysfunction by health care providers, this study evaluates prescribing pattern of PDE-5 inhibitors and assess effectiveness of Sildenafil and Tadalafil in patients with erectile dysfunction.

This is a descriptive and observational study, observed participants without providing any interventions, after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients were enrolled into study and informed written consent was obtained from all patients, data was obtained from medical records, analysed descriptively. International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) Questionnaire is used in assessment of erectile dysfunction and treatment outcomes.

In our study, 80% of patients were prescribed with phosphodiesterase inhibitors and 20% received nutritional supplements. 80 percent of drugs were prescribed under generic name, subjects treated with Sildenafil/Tadalafil were found to be associated with higher mean scores for questions of International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Tadalafil scored high in terms of sexual desire domain.

PDE5 inhibitors represent major first-line oral therapy option for men with erectile dysfunction, shift of market from brand to generic products allows more freedom of choice, although multiple reports suggest general equivalency of four major PDE5 inhibitors, tadalafil suggested to be preferable.
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome induced by ceftriaxone with successful treatment — A case report and literature review
Authors: Agrawal Arpit , Kannauje Pankaj
Published: January 2022

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms is a rare and potentially life threatening condition characterised by hypersensitivity reactions to a drug with prolonged latency, in the form of skin rashes, hyper eosinophilia and systemic features like fever, lymphadenopathy, leucocytosis, internal organ involvement (liver, kidney, lung). Though it can occur in response to many drugs but very few cases has been described in relation to one of the most commonly used antibiotic ceftriaxone. Here we have described a case of DRESS in a patient who has been treated with ceftriaxone outside our hospital for sore throat.
Noticias del BID: Vol. 9, no. 9, noviembre 1982
Authors:   Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
Published: January 2022

Noticias del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Semantic models for assessing the influence of a combination of factors on the development of diseases
Authors: Gribova V.V. , Okun D.B. , Shalfeeva E.A.
Published: January 2022

The analysis of approaches and solutions to the problem of risk assessment and prognosis of conditions and development of diseases is presented. It is shown that the implementation of software services on various platforms complicates the possibility of their comprehensive use and the choice between the available solutions. This has risen the urgency of creating a unified semantic model of diseases that integrates various methods and approaches to solving this problem and accumulates knowledge about risks and prognosis in a unified information space. A new semantic model is proposed to take into account influence of a combination of factors on development of various events that threaten health and life. The feature of the model is its independence from a specific disease or a group of diseases, which allows it to be used in various branches of medicine. This model has been tested on the IACPaaS platform. A software solver has been implemented that allows generating a clear explanation based on the knowledge base and analysis of the patient's electronic medical record. The application of the new model for the formation of knowledge is shown on the example of risk assessment and prognosis of cardiovascular events.
Characteristics of temperament and susceptibility to hypnosis
Authors: Gierlotka Zbigniew , Dębski Paweł
Published: January 2022

Wstęp

Celem pracy była analiza związków pomiędzy podatnością na hipnozę a cechami temperamentu, takimi jak: żwawość, perseweratywność, wrażliwość sensoryczna, reaktywność emocjonalna, wytrzymałość i aktywność.

Materiał i metody

W badaniach wykorzystano Skalę Wyobraźni Twórczej (SWT) Wilson i Barbera oraz Formalną Charakterystykę Zachowania – Kwestionariusz Temperamentu (FCZ-KT). Badaniem zostały objęte osoby z jednego z liceów ogólnokształcących. Analizie statystycznej poddano wyniki 120 osób (89 kobiet i 31 mężczyzn) w wieku 17–19 lat.

Wyniki

Z analizy korelacji wynika, że wrażliwość sensoryczna koreluje istotnie z podatnością na hipnozę. Na podstawie charakterystyki rozkładu zmiennej hipnoza oraz testu t-Studenta stwierdzono, że różnice między kobietami i mężczyznami są nieistotne statystycznie pod względem podatności na hipnozę. Na podstawie analizy regresji (zmienne temperamentalne a hipnoza) zaobserwowano, że w zasadzie tylko jedna zmienna daje możliwość predykcji podatności na hipnozę – wrażliwość sensoryczna (p = 0,003). Wykonano również analizę dyskryminacyjną; na podstawie zmiennych temperamentalnych można poprawnie zaklasyfikować 68% przypadków różniących się zmienną hipnoza (grupy skrajne).

Wnioski

Stwierdzono, że wrażliwość sensoryczna koreluje istotnie z podatnością na hipnozę. Podobnie, spośród cech temperamentalnych jedynie wrażliwość sensoryczna jest jej predyktorem. Nie stwierdzono różnic w zakresie podatności na hipnozę w zależności od płci.
AMMI and GGE Biplot Analysis for Stability of Yield in Mid-early Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] Genotypes
Authors: Rao P. Jagan Mohan , Sandhyakishore N. , Sandeep S. , Neelima G. , Saritha A. , Rao P. Madhukar , Das D. Mohan , Lingaiah N.
Published: January 2022

Background: The genotype × environment interaction greatly influences the success of breeding and in multi-location trials complicates the identification of superior genotypes for a single location, due to magnitude of genotype by location interaction are often greater than genotype by year interaction. This necessitates genotype evaluation in multi environments trials in the advanced stages of selection. Methods: Nine elite pigeonpea genotypes of mid-early duration were evaluated in six diverse locations in randomized complete block design with three replications during kharif, 2019 to ascertain the stable genotypes, environments discrimination and genotype by environment crossovers using AMMI and GGE biplot stability models. Result: The results in the present investigation revealed that first two principal components explained 73.4% of variation interaction, while, 80.50% in GGE biplot. Both the models identified WRGE-126 (G6) as stable performer with high yield (1733 kg ha-1) and among the locations Tandur (E1) measured as the ideal environment. Whereas, the environments, Adilabad (E3) and Warangal (E4) were observed representative with better discriminating ability.
Assessment of Soybean Resistance Level to Pod Sucking Bug Riptortus linearis F. (Hemiptera: Coreidae) based on No-choice and Free-choice Tests
Authors: Krisnawati A. , Noerwijati K. , Indiati S.W. , . Trustinah , Yusnawan E. , Adie M.M.
Published: January 2022

Background: The infestation of the pod sucking bug Riptortus linearis is one of the limiting factors of soybean productivity in Indonesia. The research aims were to identify the level of resistance to the pod sucking bug R. linearis on several soybean genotypes based on the no-choice test (NCT) and free-choice tests (FCT). Methods: The genetic materials used were 49 soybean genotypes. The study was conducted in the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) from August to December 2020, using the randomized block design in triplicates. The evaluation for pod sucking bug resistance was based on NCT and FCT. Result: The FCT resulted in two genotypes with a consistent moderately resistance level (20-40% of damage intensity) to pod sucking bug based on the pod and seed damage intensity. The NCT method resulted in five genotypes as moderately resistant (20-40% of damage intensity) to pod sucking bug based on the seed damage. The NCT resulted in higher average intensity of pod and seed damage (80.25% and 71.23%, respectively) than the FCT (69.91% and 69.09%, respectively). Two soybean genotypes (Degra/Anjasmoro-1-559 and Anjasmoro/IAC100-2-618) with a consistent moderately resistance level could be used for cultivar improvement in the breeding program. The pod trichome density was suggested to be one of the effective morphological defenses against the pod sucking bug attack.
The Level of 7- and 8-Years Old Children Understanding of the Place Value Concept
Authors: Önal Halil , Altiner Emel Çilingir
Published: January 2022

Place value concept that learns especially in primary school ages is also the basis of many issues students will encounter throughout their learning lives. This research aims to developmentally determine understanding of the place value concept in early childhood. The model of research is a case study from qualitative research methods. The study group consists of 171 children (84 at the age of 7 and 87 at the age of 8) who study in three different public schools in January, in the 2020-2021 academic year in Ankara, Turkey, selected by criteria sampling from purposeful sampling methods. As a data collection tool, “place value worksheets” consisting of 25 questions developed by researchers were used. Data was collected online by classroom teachers through “EBA”. The content analysis method was used in the analysis of the data. Looking at the research results, it was observed that children gave meaning to the place value concept in seven categories. It was seen that seven years olds reached the lowest correct answer rate in the code "the ability to express the number whose resolution is given in terms of ones" in the category of "the ability to resolve". It was concluded that "the ability to write numbers between two numbers" code in "the ability to compare" category has the lowest correct response rate for eight years old children. Lower levels of seven years old student's understanding of the place value concept suggest that students' readiness levels are not sufficient at this age.
Benefits and Challenges of Online Teaching During the COVID-19 Pandemic at Rundu Campus of the University of Namibia
Authors: Mbongo Emilia N , Hako Anna N , Munangatire Takaedza
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the benefits and challenges of online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced by educators at the Rundu Campus of the University of Namibia. Researchers used a structured interview guide to collect data from 14 conveniently selected lecturers from a population of 65. Findings of the study indicate that the benefits of using online teaching and learning include flexibility, ability to teach large classes; increased interaction and engagement between lecturers and students; and increased learning opportunities for lecturers. The study further found that some of the significant challenges lecturers experienced with online teaching and learning include lack of information and technology skills, internet connectivity and availability; poor student attendance; and loneliness. The study provided crucial information on lecturers' progress within the framework of online teaching and learning mode. The paper recommends that lecturers receive formal training on online teaching and learning tools to minimise the limitations. The study also suggests increased psychosocial support for lecturers to curb feelings of isolation and loneness during this time.
A Multi-Phase Assessment of the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Tanzania
Authors: Boniface Gideon , Magomba Christopher
Published: January 2022

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 at the end of 2019, the pandemic has brought both social and economic impacts to global communities, although to varying degrees. Since the onset of the pandemic, different regions have responded in various ways by taking different measures to fight the pandemic and its effects. In Tanzania, the first case was recorded on 16 March 2020 and, to contain the spread of the virus, on 17 March 2020, the Prime Minister announced measures including the closure of all education institutions, the suspension of public gatherings and international passenger flights, and mandatory quarantine for individuals entering Tanzania. However, in June 2020, the government announced the easing of the restrictions after observing a significant decrease in the COVID-19 infection rate and, despite a subsequent ‘second wave’ of the virus, the government declined to re-institute movement restrictions. This decision led to the implementation of non-tariff trade barriers which were imposed on cargo carrying grain and other exports to neighbouring countries, especially Kenya. The situation became so bad that diplomatic intervention had to be sought. In order to understand the resulting socio-economic impacts of the COVID-19 crisis in Tanzania, data were collected in three waves during mid-July2020, October 2020 and February 2021. This paper presents a synthesis of the results of these three survey rounds.
Taxation and Public Financial Management of Mining Revenue in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Price Roz
Published: January 2022

This rapid review provides a summary of the evidence on the taxation and public financial management of mining revenues in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This is a very complex topic, with a large and growing literature base, a huge interest by donors, non-governmental organisations and businesses, with some conflicting information at times. In particular, specific data on provincial budgets and spending was not identified during this review. No specific information on public financial management in either of these provinces was identified during the course of this review. Given the burgeoning size of the literature base and the complexity of the mining sector in the DRC, this rapid review only provides a snapshot of the literature. It draws on academic, grey and donor literature sources. Some papers for further reading are highlighted. The report first provides a brief background discussion of general taxation in the DRC, the decentralisation process, and provincial public revenue management. The next section provides general information on the mining sector in the DRC, including the regulatory system and official duties, royalties and tax provisions. Section 4 goes into more detail about taxation and rent-seeking in the mining sector, touching on both large-scale mining (LSM) and artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM). The next section looks at smuggling of minerals in the DRC, with a focus on gold. Finally, some specific lessons learned were drawn from two World Bank projects and highlighted in the final section. Lessons and experiences from other mining-related projects are also highlighted throughout the report. Literature in French was not included in this rapid review, which may mean that some key documents were omitted.
The Effect of Arrive Angle of External Magnetic Field on The Shape of Hysteresis Curve Permalloy Ni80Fe20 By Simulation
Authors: Lestari Merinda , Nursiyanto Widia , Nugroho Agung Tjahjo
Published: January 2022

Magnetic sensor is a type of sensor that utilizes changes in resistance caused by changes in the magnetic field H or B. One of the suitable magnetic materials to be used as a study material for making magnetic sensors is permalloy Ni80Fe20. The reading error of the magnetic sensor of the Ni80Fe20 permalloy material affects hysteresis curve of the material and requires correction of the angle of incidence of the external magnetic field in order to provide accurate results on the storage media. In this our current research using Finite Difference OOMMF, we investigated the effect of the angle of incidence of the external magnetic field (H) on the hysteresis curve was carried out on an application based on. The research was conducted by reviewing the parameter literature of the Ni80Fe20 permalloy material and then compiling it in a script and simulating it on an application based on Finite Difference OOMMF. The data obtained from the simulation are normalized magnetization (m), external magnetic field H and coercivity field (Hc) which have been influenced by the angle of incidence. The results of the hysteresis curve at a size of 5 nm with a variation of the angle of incidence 0o are indicated by the value of the external magnetic field H of 10000 mT to -10000 mT with a coercive field Hc of 5000 mT to -5000 mT. The normalized magnetization value m is 1 to -1. The variation of the angle of incidence of 30o produces a coercive field Hc of -108.3 mT to 108.3 mT and a normalized magnetization of 0.86 to -0.86. The 45o incident angle variation produces a coercive field Hc -88.4 mT to 88.4 mT and a normalized magnetization of -0.7 to 0.7
Validity and reliability of palatal rugae morphometric assessment with 3D laser scanned models
Authors: Alselwi Abdullah Abdulkhaleq , Khamis Mohd Fadhli bin , Abdullah Johari Yap
Published: January 2022

Aim: To assess the reliability and validity of morphometric features on 3D digital models produced by scanning maxillary dental casts of Malaysian Malay subjects. Methods: Dental casts of 20 subjects were scanned using a 3D laser scanner (Next Engine Inc., Santa Monica, California, USA). The palatal rugae morphometric features were assessed on the resulting 3D models using 3-Matic Research 9.0 software (Materialise NV, Heverlee, Belgium). The assessments were repeated by the first and second authors to assess the intra- and interexaminer reliability, respectively. Rugae morphometric features were also evaluated on the conventional plaster models to assess the validity of the 3D method. Results: Kappa values of the validity ranged from 0.807 to 0.922 for rugae shape, size category and direction. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for rugae number validity was 0.979. For intra-examiner reliability, kappa values ranged from 0.716-1.000 for rugae shape, size category and direction. The ICC for rugae number intra-examiner reliability was 0.949. Kappa values of interexaminer reliability for rugae shape, size category and direction were 0.723-885, while the ICC of rugae number was 0.896. Conclusion: Palatal rugae analyses on 3D digital models scanned by the 3D Next Engine laser scanner using 3-Matic Research 9.0 software are valid and reliable.
La cultura del privilegio y la igualdad de derechos: antípodas por resolver en las democracias latinoamericanas
Authors: Hopenhayn Martín
Published: January 2022

La confianza en interacciones sociales e instituciones democráticas en América Latina se ve erosionada por la persistencia de privilegios de grupos que perpetúan brechas de clase en acceso a activos, capital cultural, redes de relaciones, apropiación de recursos naturales, influencia en instituciones y bajo compromiso tributario, entre otros. Esto se perpetúa intergeneracionalmente mediante una cultura del privilegio que ha naturalizado tales asimetrías y que hoy, frente a una mayor conciencia de derechos sociales, se ve fuertemente impugnada. La plena igualdad de derechos sociales, sobre todo de accesos a prestaciones sociales, a condiciones de trabajo y empleo, a mínimos de bienestar, la participación política, enfrenta la clásica brecha entre el de jure y el de facto. Desde la cultura del privilegio, y pese a esfuerzos fiscales y políticas sociales más activas, persisten estas rigideces marcadas por endogamia de clase y redes de relaciones.
International Dynamic Marketing Capabilities of Emerging-Market Small Business on E-commerce
Authors: Kim Kihyon , Lim Gyoo Gun
Published: January 2022

For better export marketing strategies (EMS), companies mobilize their internal resources, which are managerial commitment, firm experience, and product uniqueness. However, Small businesses with constrained resources cannot be well explained with this view. So, more research on how small business come up with EMS have been called for. To explain how resource-restricted firms which rely heavely on entrepreneur, this study adopted the concept of dynamic managerial capabilities (DMCs) and resource versatility to better explain small business exports. We analyzed small businesses in Mongolia with qualitative research methods, including interviews with entrepreneurs and support organizations, site visits, and group discussions. We suggest international dynamic marketing capabilities (IDMCs), which are entrepreneurial orientation, networking capability, and versatile dynamic capability for small business. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF TEA, BREADFRUIT, AND PIPER BETLE LEAVES EXTRACTS AGAINST Propionibacterium acnes AND ITS APPLICATION AS ANTI-ACNE MASK
Authors: Lucita Angie , Tensiska Tensiska
Published: January 2022

Tea, breadfruit, and piper betle leaves contain bioactive components that have a function as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of leaf extract that has the highest inhibition power against Proponibacterium acnes and determine the concentration of the selected extract for mask applications that have good physical characteristics and acceptable to panelists. Extraction of tea, breadfruit, and piper betel leaves were carried out with 96% ethanol solvent using maceration method for 24 hours and concentrated with a rotary evaporator. Thick extracts contribute to antibacterial activity by disk diffusion method and total phenolic content. The selected extract was formulated into a clay mask with concentration of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. The result showed that breadfruit leaf extract had the highest inhibition power against Propionibacterium acnes which was 10.844 ± 0.327 mm (strong inhibition category) so that extract can be applied to clay mask. Breadfruit leaf extract concentration of 1.5% was the chosen formulation because it meets the standards, approved by the panelists and the most effective antibacterial for acne problems.
INCREASING PRODUCTION WEIGHT OF MODIFIED-BIOSILICA FROM RICE HUSK AND ITS APPLICATIONS AS REINFORCING FILLER IN RUBBER FINISHED GOODS
Authors: Wahyuningsih Kendri , Yuliani Sri , Diyono Wahyu , Hoerudin Hoerudin , Hidayat Tatang
Published: January 2022

Biosilica from rice husks has a potential that can be used as a reinforcing filler in the production of rubber finished goods displace mine silica. But it’s difficult to disperse homogenetically into a rubber finished goods, so it needs to modify the surface using a coupling agent sign. The capacity for the production of modified-biosilica would need to be at a great level to meet the needs of the rubber industry. The purpose of the research is to identify the characteristics of the modified-biosilica by silane TESPT (bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfane) that resulted from increasing the weight of biosilica in the production process and the application as reinforcing filler on the rubber. Increasing of weight in the production process was done gradually on a scale of 0.5; 1; 2; and 5 kg of biosilica per process using a mixer-propeller. The technique on surface modifications was using a one-step modification (OSM) and two-step modification (TSM). Surface modification treatment using TESPT has increased the uniformity of the particle size distribution of the biosilica. Unmodified-biosilica has an average particle size of 717.1 nm (PDI 0.600), while modified-biosilica has an average particle size of 574.6 nm (PDI 0.585). Applications for reinforcing filler in the soles rubber industry are performed in PT Triangkasa Lestari Utama. Research indicates that increasing the weight of biosilica on the surface modifications did not significantly affect the density, lightness, crystallinity, and purity. The applications as reinforcing fillers have increased the quality of rubber finished goods compared with unmodified-biosilica. The best rubber finished goods quality approaching shoes-sol standards is a product that used modified-biosilica by OSM technique. This rubber finished goods has a tensile strength of 5.80 MPa, elongation at break of 425%, tear strength of 23.25% and abrasion resistance of 251.5 mm3 .
Feasibility of creation and use of specialized search systems for scientific and technical information
Authors: Zianchuk M. F. , Saltanova I. V.
Published: January 2022

The efficiency of using global Internet search systems versus specialized systems, including the State System of Scientific and Technical Information of the Republic of Belarus, for searching the scientific and technical information is compared in this article. Potential advantages and disadvantages of STI search systems are considered. The experience of individual states in creating and maintaining the functioning of state resources of scientific and technical information is analyzed.
Quantum-electrodynamic magnetic reconnection as the origin of the FRB 200428-associated X-ray burst from SGR J1935+2154
Authors: Xie Y. , Geng Jin-Jun , Zhao Z. H. , Lei Z. , Yuan W. Q. , zhao gang , Wu Xue-Feng , Qiao B.
Published: January 2022

Magnetars, often under the name soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) or anomalous X-ray pulsars, are highly magnetized neutron stars that exhibit diverse X-ray activities. Recently, a unique non-thermal X-ray burst with cut-off energy up to 84 keV is detected and thought to be associated with the fast radio burst (FRB) 200428 in the same single explosive event from SGR J1935+2154, as their spectra show similar feature of narrow double peaks that are emitted almost simultaneously. However, the physical origin of this FRB 200428-associated X-ray burst is still unknown yet. Here, with the first cross-scale numerical simulation in which modeling of particle acceleration by magnetic reconnections is self-consistently coupled with that of photon emission by multiple Compton scatterings, we identify that magnetic reconnection at the quantum-electrodynamic field strength inside the magnetar magnetosphere is the much likely driving source of such FRB-associated non-thermal X-ray burst. Both its temporal and spectral features are well reproduced in our simulations by assuming the plasma magnetization parameter σ~102-103 in consistency with the astronomical observations. The results could greatly promote our understandings of various X-ray burst events from magnetars.
Molecular Dynamics Free Energy Simulation study to Investigate Binding Pattern of Isoliquiritigenin as PPAR𝛾 Agonist
Authors: Singh Amit , Mishra Abha
Published: January 2022

Phytochemicals are rich source of bioactive constituents and can be used as another alternative to currently used drugs for diseases like Diabetes mellitus. The potential of Isoliquiritigenin (a constituent of Pterocarpus marsupium) as PPAR𝛾 agonist was evaluated by in silico technique. Autodock results showed that Tyr327, and Tyr473 of the PPARγ forms H-bonds with Isoliquiritigenin (binding energy of -7.46 kcal/mol) and Troglitazone (known drug) showed H bond with Tyr327, Ser289, with binding energy of -11.01 kcal/mol. Isoliquiritigenin, binding energy in Extra precision (XP) was -6.74 kcal/mol while Troglitazone docking, gave binding energy in XP mode as -9.59 kcal/mol. The best Induced fit docking (IFD) score of the optimised PPARγ- Isoliquiritigenin complexes was -9.39 Kcal/mol. The important residues in IFD forming H bond were Cys 285, Arg 288, Tyr 327 and Leu 340. The post docking MM/GBSA free energy for PPARγ with Isoliquiritigenin and Troglitazone was -49.29 and -71.48 Kcal/mol respectively. Binding interaction in MD simulation and Principal Component Analysis studies revealed stable binding throughout 100 ns simulation. Post Simulation MM/PBSA free energy was calculated. The results indicated that compound possessed a negative binding free energy with -114.37KJ/mol. It was observed that van der Waals, electrostatic interactions and non-polar solvation energy negatively contributed to the total interaction energy while only polar solvation energy positively contributed to total free binding energy. The Isoliquiritigenin fulfils the criteria of drug-likeness property. Thus, study presents a systematic analysis on molecular mechanism of action of Isoliquiritigenin as PPARγ agonist in controlling Diabetes mellitus.
Can Anthropization Govern the Variation in Water Table Levels, Water Flow and Carbon Losses? A Case Study in Tropical Mountain Peatlands an Serra Do Espinhaço Meridional, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Authors: Barral Uidemar Morais , Silva Alexandre Christófaro , Christófaro Cristiano , Costa Camila Rodrigues , Filho Aparecido Penafort , Macedo Geisla Mendes , Bispo Diêgo Faustolo Alves , Gonçalves Thamires Sabrina
Published: January 2022

Peatlands are ecosystems formed by organic matter (~ 15% of the total mass) and water (~ 85% of the total mass), and constitute a particular type of free aquifer. They perform important hydrological functions by storing excess water during rainfall events, contributing to the baseflow of its rivers throughout the year. Degradation affects the dynamics of the water table, which, in turn, can influence the decomposition of organic matter content and the release of carbon into its waters. Its water retention capacity may also be compromised and reduce the volume of water available downstream, especially in the dry season. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of anthropic interference on variations in groundwater, water storage, and carbon flow in two tropical mountain peatlands, located at the head of the Araçuaí River, in Serra do Espinhaço Meridional (SdEM), Minas Gerais, Brazil. Groundwater levels were installed in piezometers distributed on a peatland located in a protected area (Natural Park) (Protected - TP) and in a peatland located outside the conservation unit (Anthropized - TA). Data were analyzed considering the daily rainfall recorded by an automatic weather station installed in the study area. From the data on precipitation and water table level variation, the specific yield (Sy) in the two peatlands was calculated. The observed flows and the mean monthly Sy on each piezometer were correlated and their significance was verified using the t test (p <0.05). The relationship between the observed flow and the mean monthly values of Sy obtained for the piezometers were verified through multiple regression. The specific yield correlated significantly with flow in both peatlands (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.92 in both peatlands, indicating a direct relationship between Sy and observed flow. The TP presented a 43% smaller variation in the water table, a 7% higher specific yield and a specific flow rate of 13% higher in relation to the TA. The peatland located in a protected area retains more water, with less variation in flow throughout the year, and has less carbon output in the water compared to the anthropized peatland. The results demonstrated that anthropization is causing degradation of the peatland, reducing its water holding capacity and accelerating its carbon losses. In the medium term, these effects may lead to a drastic reduction in flow in the upper course of the Araçuaí River.
New Optical Solitons And Modulation Instability Analysis of Generalized Coupled Nonlinear Schrodinger-KdV System
Authors: Mathanaranjan Thilagarajah
Published: January 2022

In this study, the generalized coupled nonlinear Schrodinger-KdV (NLS-KdV) system is investigated to obtain new optical soliton solutions. This system appears as a model for reciprocity between long and short waves in various of physical settings. Different kind of new soliton solutions including dark, bright, combined dark-bright, singular and combined singular soliton solutions are obtained using two effective methods namely, the extended sinh-Gordon equation expansion method and the solitary wave ansatz method. In addition, the modulation instability analysis of the system is presented based on the standard linearstability analysis. The behaviours of obtained solutions are expressed by 3D graphs.
Amygdala Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1 Influences Synaptic Transmission To Participate In Fentanyl-Induced Hyperalgesia In Rats
Authors: Bai Tianyu , Chen Hengling , Hu Wenwu , Liu Jingtao , Lin Xianguang , Chen Su , Luo Fang , Yang Xiaofei , Chen Jun , Li Chenhong
Published: January 2022

The underlying mechanisms of opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) remain unclear. Herein, we found that the protein expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) was significantly increased in the right, but not in the left laterocapsular division of central nucleus of the amygdala (CeLC) in OIH rats. In CeLC neurons, the frequency and the amplitude of mini-excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) were significantly increased in fentanyl group which were decreased by acute application of a mGluR1 antagonist, A841720. Finally, the behavioral hypersensitivity could be reversed by A841720 microinjection into the right CeLC. These results show that the right CeLC mGluR1 is an important factor associated with OIH that enhances synaptic transmission and could be a potential drug target to alleviate fentanyl-induced hyperalgesia.
The Optimized Inclusion Level of Bacillus Subtilis Fermented Azolla Pinnata In Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Diets: Immunity, Antioxidative Status, Intestinal Digestive Enzymes and Histomorphometry, And Disease Resistance
Authors: Ismail Taha , Hegazi Elsayed , Nassef Eldsokey , Habotta Ola A. , Gewaily Mahmoud S.
Published: January 2022

A 95-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of feeding Bacillus subtilis fermented Azolla (BSFA) on nonspecific immunity, antioxidative status, intestinal digestive enzymes and histomorphometry, and disease resistance in the Nile tilapia. We formulated five isonitrogenous and isocaloric experimental diets to incorporate BSFA at (0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%). The growth performance parameters (FBW, BWG, SGR, PER and FCR) revealed a significant increase in the BSFA30 tilapia group compared to the control group followed by BSFA45 (P < 0.05). The BSFA30 group exhibited the highest nonspecific immunity parameters (lysozyme activity, phagocytic index and phagocytic activity) compared to other groups (P < 0.05). SOD and GPx reported the highest values in the BSFA60 group. Nile tilapia carcass composition was not influenced by BSFA inclusion level (P ˃ 0.05). Interestingly, Nile tilapia fed with BSFA15 diet exhibited the highest protease activity level (P ˂ 0.05), while those fed on BSFA30 documented the highest amylase activity. Intestinal histomorphology was significantly enhanced with the gradual increase of administrated BSFA. Tilapia disease resistance against A. septicemia, BSFA significantly diminished the cumulative mortality compared to the control group. To sum up, BSFA was more effective in improving the growth performance and immunity of Nile tilapia.
NeuroSAFE PROOF: study protocol for a single-blinded, IDEAL stage 3, multi-centre, randomised controlled trial of NeuroSAFE robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy versus standard robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy in men with localized prostate cancer.
Authors: Dinneen Eoin , Grierson Jack , Magana Ricardo Almeida , Clow Rosie , Haider Aiman , Allen Clare , Heffernan-Ho Daniel , Freeman Alex , Briggs Tim , Nathan Senthil , Mallett Susan , Brew-Graves Chris , Muirhead Nicola , Williams Norman , Pizzo Elena , Persad Raj , Aning Jonathan , Johnson Lyndsey , Oxley Jon , Oakley Neil , Morgan Susan , Tahir Fawzia , Ahmad Imran , Dutto Lorenzo , Salmond Jonathan , Kelkar Anand , Kelly John , Shaw Greg
Published: January 2022

BackgroundRobotic radical prostatectomy (RARP) is a first-line curative treatment option for localized prostate cancer. Postoperative erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence are common associated adverse side effects that can negatively impact patients’ quality of life. Preserving the lateral neurovascular bundles (NS) during RARP improves functional outcomes. However, selecting men for NS may be difficult when there is concern about incurring in positive surgical margin (PSM) which in turn risks adverse oncological outcomes. The NeuroSAFE technique (intra-operative frozen section examination of the neurovascular structure adjacent prostate margin) can provide real-time pathological consult to promote optimal NS while avoiding PSM.MethodsNeuroSAFE PROOF is a single-blinded, multi-centre, randomised controlled trial (RCT) in which men are randomly allocated 1:1 to either NeuroSAFE RARP or standard RARP. Men electing for RARP as primary treatment, who are continent and have good baseline erectile function (EF), defined by International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) score>21, are eligible. NS in the intervention arm is guided by the NeuroSAFE technique. NS in the standard arm is based on standard of care, i.e., a pre-operative image-based planning meeting, patient-specific clinical information, and digital rectal examination. The primary outcome is assessment of EF at 12-months. The primary endpoint is the proportion of men who achieve IIEF-5 score ≥ 21. A sample size of 404 was calculated to give a power of 90% to detect a difference of 14% between groups based on a feasibility study. Oncological outcomes are continuously monitored by an independent Data Monitoring Committee. Key secondary outcomes include urinary continence at 3 months assessed by the international consultation on incontinence questionnaire, rate of biochemical recurrence, EF recovery at 24-months, and difference in quality of life.DiscussionThe NeuroSAFE PROOF is the first RCT of intra-operative frozen section in radical prostatectomy in the world. It is properly powered to evaluate a difference in the recovery of EF for men undergoing RARP assessed by patient reported outcome measures. It will provide evidence to guide the use of the NeuroSAFE technique around the world.Trial registration: NCT03317990 (23 October 2017). Regional Ethics Committee; reference 17/LO/1978.
Circulating Lymphocyte Subsets are Prognostic Factors in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Jing , Fang Ruhua , Pan Zhiwen , Qian Xu
Published: January 2022

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a geographically and racially variable disease which has a high incidence in Southeast China. According to previous studies on tumor immunity, we compared multiple clinical parameters and blood indexes to find its relationship with prognosis in NPC patients.Methods: According to the load of EBV at diagnosis, 220 NPC patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) were divided into two groups. We compared clinical parameters, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, lymphocyte subsets and biochemical indexes between them. We analyzed distant metastases and overall survival rate between them.Results: In most cases, the two groups showed the same trend. Most blood indexes were decreased during CRT, the decrease in absolute count was more significant than in percentage. The younger age showed the higher CD3+ and CD3+CD8+ percentage. Patients whose EBV DNA≥1500 copies/mL at first diagnosis showed higher pN grade. Among them, higher CD3+CD8+ percentage or lower CD3-CD56+ percentage had batter OS rates. Patients whose EBV DNA<1500 copies/mL at first diagnosis had higher survival rate and longer survival time.Conclusions: CRT cause overall decrease of blood cells in NPC patients. The initial EBV load was related to prognosis. Among all the blood indexes, CD3+CD8+ percentage showed correlation with age and OS rates in patients whose EBV DNA≥1500 copies/mL at first diagnosis, which is worthy of further study.