bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI DIGITALISASI CSR XL AXIATA UNTUK PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PEMASARAN DIGITAL PEREMPUAN UMKM
Authors: Pera Irawan Enjang , Alamsyah Feri Ferdinan
Published: May 2024

Seiring dengan perkembangan era digital dan perubahan perilaku konsumen, khususnya selama pandemi COVID-19, telah terjadi pergeseran signifikan perilaku belanja konsumen dari offline ke online. Di sisi lain kompetensi pelaku UMKM masih belum merata. Untuk itu, XL Axiata mengadopsi strategi digitalisasi Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) guna meningkatkan kompetensi digital perempuan pelaku UMKM agar mampu memasarkan produknya secara online. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bagaimana strategi perusahaan XL Axiata dalam melaksanakan digitalisasi CSR pada program SISPRENEUR guna meningkatkan kompetensi pemasaran digital perempuan pelaku UMKM di Indonesia melalui pendekatan komunikasi kolaboratif dengan berbagai stakeholder. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus tunggal. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan pihak penyelenggara yaitu XL Axiata, pemerintah, komunitas perempuan, lembaga pendamping UMKM, dan perempuan pelaku UMKM. Penelitian ini juga didukung oleh data berdasarkan studi dokumentasi. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi komunikasi XL Axiata dalam melaksanakan digitalisasi CSR yaitu dengan berkolaborasi dengan berbagai stakeholder diantaranya pemerintah, lembaga pendamping UMKM, dan komunitas perempuan binaan pemerintah untuk berkolaborasi. Untuk memastikan kolaborasi berjalan degan baik, XL Axiata juga menerapkan komunikasi dua arah (dialogis). Selain itu, XL Axiata juga mengomunikasikan pesan CSR secara persuasif dan disesuaikan dengan kepentingan stakeholder. Terakhir, XL Axiata mengirimkan pesan CSR melalui berbagai media yang familier bagi mitra dan audience, seperti website, media sosial, YouTube, sustainability report, dan media massa online. Kesimpulannya yaitu kata strategi digitaliasi CSR yang dilaksanakan oleh XL Axiata dengan menerapkan komunikasi kolaboratif.
PEMANFAATAN VIDEO WARGA DI YOUTUBE UNTUK PROGRAM “KOK BISA VIRAL” DI NUSANTARA TELEVISI
Authors: Simamora Jumadal
Published: May 2024

Migrasi televisi analog ke digital di Indonesia telah memberikan efisiensi penggunaan frekuensi yang memungkinkan tumbuhnya lembaga penyiaran televisi digital yang baru.  Hingga Januari 2023, terdapat 564 lembaga penyiaran digital di Indonesia. Pertumbuhan siaran televisi digital baru, membuat tim produksi program siaran harus lebih kreatif menciptakan program untuk materi siaran. Salah satu strategi stasiun televisi adalah dengan memanfaatkan konten video warga di Youtube. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemanfaatan konten video warga di Youtube pada program “Kok Bisa Viral” di Nusantara TV. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan program acara “Kok Bisa Viral” berdurasi 1 jam di Nusantara TV yang tayang setiap Senin-Jumat mulai pukul 19.30 WIB memanfaatkan video bersumber dari Youtube dengan berbagai sumber akun dari dalam dan luar negeri. NusantaraTV me-repackaging video dari Youtube dengan memberikan pemeringkatan untuk tiap isu yang dibahas dengan menambahkan informasi dalam bentuk narasi dan teks untuk melengkapi informasi dalam video. Dalam konteks pemanfaatan video Youtube, terdapat hubungan yang saling menguntungkan antara Tim Produksi di stasiun televisi dan pemilik akun Youtube.  Dengan menggunakan konten dari Youtube, biaya produksi menjadi lebih efisien karena pihak stasiun televisi tidak harus mengambil gambar ke lapangan. Di sisi lain, pemilik akun juga diuntungkan  karena akun di Youtube dapat dipublikasi media mainstream secara gratis. Namun terkait Isu Hak Cipta, penggunaan video warga oleh media arus utama masih menjadi isu kontroversi, terutama ketika iklan yang dimasukkan sudah bersifat komersial. Pencantuman sumber akun Youtube oleh stasiun televisi belum cukup untuk mengatasi perkara siapa yang berhak untuk menikmati keuntungan dari iklan yang ditayangkan. Untuk menghindari pelanggaran hak cipta, stasiun televisi NTV belum menayangkan iklan komersial dalam program Kok Bisa Viral. Program tersebut juga tidak ditayangkan di Youtube yang sedianya dapat menjadi sumber pemasukan media. Dari persfektif ekonomi media, sebuah program tanpa iklan komersial menjadi tidak sehat karena sumber pemasukan utama media adalah dari iklan.
CREATING SHARED VALUE (CSV) MELALUI RUANG SWAKRIYA SEBAGAI PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT SECARA BERKELANJUTAN DI SURABAYA
Authors: Rahmawati Dian Hutami , Rizky Andisa , Mustikasari Ratih Pandu , Tutiasri Ririn Puspita
Published: May 2024

Tanggung jawab sosial merupakan salah satu kewajiban yang harus dilakukan oleh perusahaan sebagai bentuk kepedulian terhadap masyarakat. Perusahaan saat ini diharapkan mampu berfokus kepada sustainability development bukan hanya pada program pemberian yang berlangsung satu kali. Ruang Swakriya (makerspace) merupakan bengkel kreatif yang hadir sebagai wadah dan jembatan antara tenaga ahli dan kelompok masyarakat. Keselarasan ini membuat banyak perusahaan menggunakan ruang swakriya sebagai partner dalam pelaksanaan program tanggung jawab sosial. Artikel ini berfokus kepada bagaimana program Creating Shared Value (CSV) dilaksanakan melalui ruang swakriya sebagai bentuk pemberdayaan masyarakat (community development). Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat adanya pergeseran nilai CSR kepada Corporate Shared Value melalui Ruang Swakriya, Ruang Swakriya (Makerspace) sebagai sarana pemberdayaan masyarakat from society to society, dan maksimalnya modal sosial dan jejaring masyarakat dalam Program CSV melalui ruang Swakriya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan objek penelitian satu-satunya ruang swakriya di Surabaya yakni SUBstitute Makerspace. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah studi kasus. Hasil dari penelitian memperlihatkan adanya pergeseran makna pada program tanggung jawab sosial yakni melibatkan community development atau pemberdayaan masyarakat, adanya ruang swakriya sebagai perpanjangan tangan perusahaan dalam melaksanakan program CSV, dan program CSV mampu memaksimalkan modal sosial (tenaga ahli) juga memperkuat jejaring masyarakat antar sektornya baik perusahaan, ruang swakriya, tenaga ahli dan kelompok masyarakat.
KAJIAN PRINSIP ARSITEKTUR BERKELANJUTAN PADA BANGUNAN PERKANTORAN (STUDI KASUS : SHANGHAI TOWER,SHANGHAI,PUDONG)
Authors: Febriadi Gitra , Afgani Jundi Jundullah
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK. Isu Permasalahan lingkungan global tidak hanya mendorong munculnya kebutuhan akan penerapan konsep arsitektur berkelanjutan. Penggunaan konsep arsitektur berkelanjutan itu sendiri wajib mengikuti prinsip-prinsip pada standar arsitektur, Namun kondisi lingkungan alam tetap diutamakan dalam melakukan suatu perubahan yang baru. Topik ini dipilih untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara konsep arsitektur berkelanjutan dapat diterapkan di sebuah bangunan, seperti efisiensi lahan, efisiensi penggunaan energy,efisiensi konservasi air,efisiensi material,efisiensi kesehatan dan kenyamanan,efisiensi pengolahan limbah. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang pemahaman mengenai aspek penting dalam konsep arsitektur berkelanjutan dan bagaimana cara penerapannya pada bangunan. Penerapan arsitektur berkelanjutan dicermati pada berbagai aspek yang terkait dengan perancangan bangunan, serta dampak aspek tersebut terhadap lingkungan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan konsep arsitektur pada bangunan perkantoran merupakan suatu pendekatan berkelanjutan yang diterapkan dengan maksimal. Kajian olahan ini dilakukan berharap menjadi suatu pengetahuan dan referensi nantinya mengenai pemanfaatan dari hasil rancangan bangunan yang menerapkan konsep arsitektur berkelanjutan.  Kata Kunci:Arsitektur Berkelanjutan,Penerapan Arsitektur Berkelanjutan, Perkantoran,Lingkungan ABSTRACT. Issues Global environmental problems not only encourage the emergence of the need for the application of sustainable architectural concepts. The use of the concept of sustainable architecture itself must follow the principles of architectural standard, however, the condition of the natural environment is still prioritized in making a new change. This topic was chosen to find out how the concept of sustainable architecture can be implemented in a building, such as land efficiency, energy use efficiency, water conservation efficiency, material efficiency, health and well-being efficiency, waste treatment efficiency. This study aims to find out about the understanding of important aspects in the concept of sustainable architecture and how to apply it to buildings. The application of sustainable architecture is examined in various aspects related to building design, as well as the impact of these aspects on the environment using a qualitative descriptive method. The results of the study show that the application of architectural concepts to office buildings is a sustainable approach that is maximally applied. This processed study is carried out hoping to become a knowledge and reference later regarding the utilization of the results of building designs that apply the concept of sustainable architecture. Keywords: Sustainable Architecture,Application of Sustainable,Office,Environment
KAJIAN KONSEP ARSITEKTUR PERILAKU PADA BANGUNAN TERMINAL BUS CILEUNGSI
Authors: Fadhilah Sari Hibatunnisa , Lissimia Finta
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK. Arsitektur berwawasan perilaku adalah arsitektur yang merespon kebutuhan dan perasaan manusia, yang disesuaikan dengan cara pola hidup manusia. Sedangkan arsitektur perilaku sendiri adalah konsep arsitektur yang penerapannya dilandasi oleh perilaku pengguna dalam perancangan desain arsitektur, desain arsitektur dapat menjadi fasilitator terjadinya perilaku atau sebaliknya sebagai penghalang terjadinya perilaku (JB. Watson dalam Laurence, 2005). Konsep arsitektur perilaku ini juga perlu di terapkan pada bangunan fasilitas transportasi publik yaitu terminal bus khususnya pada bangunan Terminal Bus Cileungsi. Dengan demikian banyak hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam mendesain sebuah terminal bus, khususnya pada kenyamanan yang diberikan dan fasilitas yang lengkap sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna bangunan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentikasi dan mendeskripsikan penerapan prinsip-psrinsip arsitektur perilaku pada bangunan Terminal Bus Cileungsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, hasil penelitian ini adalah melihat penerapan prinsip arsitektur perilaku dan variabel yang mempengaruhi perilaku pengguna pada bangunan Terminal Bus Cileungsi. Kata Kunci: Arsitektur perilaku, Perilaku, Terminal Bus ABSTRACT. Behavioral-oriented architecture is architecture that responds to human needs and feelings, which are adapted to the way of human life patterns. Meanwhile, behavioral architecture itself is an architectural concept whose application is based on user behavior in architectural design, architectural design can be a facilitator of behavior or vice versa as a barrier to behavior (JB. Watson in Laurence, 2005). This behavioral architectural concept also needs to be applied to public transportation facility buildings, namely the bus terminal, especially in the Cileungsi Bus Terminal building. Thus, there are many things that need to be considered in designing a bus terminal, especially the convenience provided and complete facilities according to the needs of the users of the building. The purpose of this study is to identify and describe the application of behavioral architectural principles to the Cileungsi Bus Terminal building. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, the results of this study are to look at the application of behavioral architectural principles and variables that influence user behavior in the Cileungsi Bus Terminal building. Keywords: Behavioral architecture, Behavior, Bus Terminal
KAJIAN KONSEP ARSITEKTUR PARAMETRIK PADA BANGUNAN APARTEMEN STUDI KASUS : Ishatvam 9 di India
Authors: Hibatullah Helmi Bariq , Aqli Wafirul
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK. Arsitektur Parametrik mendeskripsikan tentang penerapan prinsip desain parametrik pada bangunan, Desain parametrik adalah proses merancang dengan variasi desain yang mudah, sehingga menggantikan singularitas dengan keragaman dalam proses desain. Desain parametrik dilakukan dengan bantuan parametrik model. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam penelitinan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakikan studi literatur pada bangunan Ishatvam 9 yang telah memenuhi standar bangunan apartemen parametrik yang di tinjau dari prinsip prinsip arsitektur parametrik dari hasil penelitian arsitektur parametrik penerapan konsep pada studi kasus bangunan apartemen, arsitektur parametrik memiliki bentuk elemen-elemen bangunan  yang sangat berpengaruh dalam setiap bangunan saling terkait satu sama lain, tujuan tersebut memiliki makna tersendiri pada setiap bangunan tetapi tetap memikirkan kenyamanan untuk penguna bangunan tersebut. Kata Kunci: Arsitektur, Arsitektur Parametrik, Bangunan Apartemen, Parametrik Desain ABSTRACT. Parametric Architecture describes the application of parametric design principles to buildings. Parametric design is the process of designing with easy design variations, thereby replacing singularity with diversity in the design process. Parametric design is done with the help of parametric models. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. In research, data collection was carried out by carrying out a literature study on the Ishatvam 9 building which has met the standards of parametric apartment buildings in terms of the principles of parametric architecture from the results of parametric architectural research applying the concept to case studies of apartment buildings, parametric architecture has the form of building elements that are very influential in that every building is related to one another, this goal has its own meaning in each building but still thinks about the comfort for the users of the building.Keywords: Architecture, Parametric Architecture, Apartemen Building, Parametric Design
Heavy Metal Concentrations in Surface Water of the Lower Mekong River Basin (Vietnam)
Authors: Duong Phung Thai , Nhung Pham Cam
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The research is carried out to determine the concentration of heavy metals in surface water of the downstream Mekong River.
 
Methods: The sampling method follows the Vietnamese national standard (TCVN 6663-6:2018, ISO 5667-6:2014). The heavy metal indicators analyzed using an atomic absorption spectroscopy machine. The lowest detection level of the measurement method is approximately 0.2µg (on average for all indicators measured).
 
Results and discussion: Among the 5 parameters studied in December 2023, the average concentration has not exceeded the national standards of Vietnam (the maximum allowable values for parameters affecting human health), but it is approaching the limit (especially Zn at 454.69 µg/l compared to 500 µg/l). At many locations, the levels of Zn and Cu have exceeded the standards (at Cửa Đại, Ba Lai, Cung Hầu). Compared to our research conducted in 2013, except for Cd, the average concentrations of all other parameters are increasing. Compared to the standards of some countries such as the United States, Canada, and Russia, the levels of heavy metals in the research area are high, especially Zn and Cu which are much higher.
 
Implications of the research: The heavy metal concentration in the study area increases towards the sea, correlating with the pH index and river-sea mixing. Human activities contribute to heavy metal accumulation in the lower Mekong region's water. Management agencies must develop policies and measures to minimize NCDs' impact and ensure sustainable development.
 
Originality/value: The research findings will guide rational production and daily activities in the Mekong Delta, a region severely impacted by climate change, to ensure sustainable development.
Effect of Mergers and Acquisitions in the Indian Banking Sector: A Case Study on Bank of Baroda
Authors: Rizvi Zakia , Khan Farhina Sardar
Published: May 2024

Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of mergers in the Indian banking industry, specifically focusing on their implications, drivers, and outcomes. The research aims to understand the motivations behind bank mergers, the strategies employed, and the resulting impact on the banking landscape.
 
Methods: This study draws upon various sources of information, including financial data, regulatory information, industry reports, and published papers. It utilizes a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques to examine the causes of bank acquisitions and mergers in the Indian banking sector. The research also involves a comparative analysis of Bank of Baroda (BOB) before and after its merger with other entities.
 
Results: The study reveals several key findings. Bank mergers in India have been driven by various factors, including the pursuit of better capital management and wider service areas. The merger of Bank of Baroda with its partners has been successful, leading to positive outcomes in terms of financial and operational performance. Governance and management reforms are essential for ensuring the success of bank mergers and consolidations. Data analysis, including the use of charts, illustrates the impact of mergers on Bank of Baroda and provides insights into the effectiveness of these strategies in the Indian banking industry.
 
Conclusion: In conclusion, the study highlights the success of mergers in the Indian banking sector, particularly focusing on the case of Bank of Baroda. The findings underscore the importance of effective governance and management reforms in ensuring the success of mergers and consolidations. Additionally, the study emphasizes the wider service areas and improved capital management achieved through these mergers, contributing to the overall development of the banking landscape in India.
Strategy for Development of Slums and Housing with Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's) In Mojokerto Regency
Authors: Julkarnain Donny Setyaelvanda , Bisri Mohammad , Khusaini Moh. , Wijaya Andy Fefta
Published: May 2024

Purpose: This research tackles the ongoing issues faced by settlements and slum areas, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations. It specifically concentrates on the Mojokerto district in East Java, Indonesia, emphasizing the significance of this matter in regional development planning (RPJMD).
 
Method: A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative methods was employed. Case studies from various locations were examined to provide insights into different approaches to managing settlements and slum areas. Primary data were collected through questionnaires to supplement the comparative analysis.
 
Results and conclusion: The research underscores the significance of integrating slum management into development agendas, as outlined in SDG 11.1, which aims to ensure access to decent, safe, and affordable housing and basic services for all. A comprehensive understanding of slum areas is crucial, encompassing aspects such as high population density, low and uncertain incomes, and unhealthy living conditions. The study emphasizes the need for concerted efforts to improve the quality of life in these areas.
 
Research implications: The findings contribute to broader discussions on sustainable urban development and highlight the importance of addressing slum areas within this framework. By examining various strategies and approaches, the study provides valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners involved in urban planning and development.
 
Originality/value: This research offers a comprehensive examination of settlements and slum areas, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods. By exploring the nuances of slum conditions and management strategies, it adds depth to existing literature on sustainable development and urban planning. The study's findings have practical implications for efforts to achieve the SDGs and enhance living conditions in vulnerable communities.
Unmasking the Impact of Bureaucratic Violence
Authors: Gren Nina , Abdelhady Dalia , Joormann Martin
Published: May 2024

This introductory article introduces the concept of bureaucratic violence as a partly new way of understanding and analyzing refugees’ encounters with bureaucratic structures within authorities and organizations. Violence or the threat of violence is an inevitable part of the experiences of most forcibly displaced people. In this Special Issue, we highlight how bureaucracies as social institutions, besides providing access to rights, also impact refugees in ways that are constraining, humiliating, soul-killing and, sometimes, life-threatening. We present the theoretical underpinnings of the term bureaucratic violence and, thus, the conceptual framework that connects the different case studies included.
Front Matter
Authors: Refuge Editor
Published: May 2024

front matter
Contamination Levels and Accumulation Profiles of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Surface Sediments from South Central Coast of Vietnam
Authors: Hieu Nguyen Duc , Minh Tu Binh , Anh Hoang Quoc
Published: May 2024

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are typical organic pollutants of great concern due to their negative impacts on environmental and human health. The less polar and hydrophobic nature of PAHs is responsible for their ability to adsorb onto suspended particles and to accumulate in sediments. In this study, surface sediment samples were collected in the South Central Coast of Binh Dinh Province, Vietnam to determine concentrations of 16 PAHs. The sediment samples were directly ultrasound extracted with a mixture of acetone/hexane (1:1) and toluene. The extract was purified on a chromatographic column containing activated silica gel with dichloromethane/hexane (1:3) as elution solvent. PAHs were separated and quantified on a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system with a DB-5ms column. The MS detector was operated in electron impact ionization (EI) mode and ion selective monitoring (SIM) mode. Levels of 16 PAHs ranged from 33.1 to 196 (mean 80.0) nanograms per gram sediment (ng/g). In all sediment samples, proportions of high molecular weight PAHs (4-6 rings, 63–88%) were higher than those of low molecular weight PAHs (2-3 rings, 12–37%), indicating that emission sources are mainly related to thermal processes rather than petroleum products. The most predominant substances were: Pyr (14% ± 3%), Flt (12% ± 3%), Phe (10% ± 3%), Chr (9% ± 2%), and BaP (9% ± 3%). Further studies on the pollution status of PAHs and their derivatives in Vietnamese marine environments are essential.
Study on Analysis of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Municipal Waste Incinerator Fly Ash and Bottom Ash
Authors: Huyen Kieu Thi , Hieu Nguyen The , Hieu Nguyen Duc , Duc Nguyen Van , Son Nguyen Thi , Huong Nguyen Thi Anh , Anh Hoang Quoc
Published: May 2024

Studies on the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Vietnamese incinerator ash samples are relatively limited. In this study, an analytical procedure for the determination of 16 PAHs in fly ash and bottom ash of municipal waste incinerator was investigated. PAHs were extracted from the ash samples by using a focused ultrasonic processor with different solvents including acetone, dichloromethane, and toluene. Among these solvents, toluene exhibited the highest extraction efficiency. The PAH extracts were purified by passing through solid phase extraction cartridges containing silica gel with dichloromethane/hexane (1:3) as elution solvent. PAHs were separated and quantified on a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system operated in electron impact ionization (EI) and selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Total organic carbon (TOC) contents and total PAH concentrations in the bottom ash were about 6 times higher than those of the fly ash. Levels of PAHs in our ash samples were generally lower than values documented by previous studies in the UK, Sweden, China, and Taiwan. Concentrations and profiles of PAHs in ash samples varied greatly and additional studies on these pollutants in waste incineration activities are needed to characterize their formation mechanism and emission pathway.
Pengaruh Waktu Pelindian dan Suhu Electrowinning Terhadap Peningkatan Timbal dari Konsentrat Galena
Authors: Novega Devin Indra , Subandrio Subandrio , Kurniawati Riskaviana , Dahani Wiwik , Fadliah Fadliah
Published: May 2024

Galena menjadi salah satu dari mineral logam yang ada di Indonesia, bijih galena yang didalamnya mengandung 86,6 % timbal yang menjadi salah satu unsur yang dipergunakan untuk industri karena sifatnya yang tahan akan korosi dan juga karat. Bijih galena tersebar di daratan Indonesia dan salah satunya terdapat pada daerah Purwakarta milik PT. Galena Maju Karya Mandiri. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode leaching dan electrowinning. Metode leaching menggunakan larutan asam nitrat (HNO3) untuk melarutkan unsur Pb dan pembentukan elektrolit Pb(NO3)2, electrowinning dilakukan dalam larutan elektrolit untuk mereduksi Pb pada permukaan katoda. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap pengaruh waktu leaching yang selama 60, 90, 120 menit terhadap perolehan Pb terlarut, dan pengaruh suhu electrowinning pada 40, 50, 60⁰C untuk perolehan Pb terdeposisi. Waktu leaching terbaik untuk timbal terlarut didapat pada waktu 120 menit pada perolehan Pb sebesar 64,99 mg/L dengan persen ekstraksi mencapai 15,77% serta suhu electrowinning terbaik didapat pada 40⁰C dengan 0,088 g Pb terdeposisi pada katoda, titik maksimum terhadap ekstraksi timbal terdapat pada waktu leaching 90 menit dan suhu electrowinning 40⁰C dengan persen ekstraksi timbal pada katoda sebesar 90,72%.
الأفصح نحويا عند أبي حيان في كتابه البحر المحيط
Authors: نعمة محمد صبار
Published: May 2024

إنَّ الفصاحةَ النحويَّةَ تعتمِدُ في الأساسِ المُطلقِ على السياقِ الكلامي، أو ما يُعرَفُ بالحدثِ الكلاميِّ، فاجتهادُ العلماءِ لم يكنْ مبنيًّا إلا على قالتْهُ العربُ في كلامِها، لكن في عدد من المسائلِ تحتاجُ القضيَّةُ إلى تبيينِها الوجهَ الصحيحَ للمسألةِ المُرادِ دراستُها. فعلى سبيلِ التمثيلِ يمكنُ أن نقولَ في إعرابِ: جاءَ زيدٌ بأنَّ هذه الجملةَ مكوَّنةٌ من فعلٍ وفاعلٍ، لكنْ إذا قُلنا: زيدٌ جاءَ، فسيكونُ الإعرابُ على ضربيْنِ نحويَّيْنِ هما: الأول مبتدأٌ وخبرٌ، والثاني: فاعلٌ مُقدَّمٌ لفعلٍ مُؤخَّرٌ، وكلاهُما جائزانِ في النحوِ العربيِّ، إلَّا إنَّ الأفصحَ نحويًّا هو الجملةُ الأُولى؛ لأنَّها خاليةٌ من التكلُّفِ، فالمعروفُ والأشهرُ في القاعدةِ النحويةِ أنْ يكونَ الإعرابُ على الجملةِ الابتدائيَّةِ، وهذا لا يمنعُ من ورُودِها على الفاعليَّةِ، لكنِ الأفصحُ والأحسنُ أنْ يكونَ على ما ذُكِرَ.
Cooperative Learning Technique and Writing Hortatory Exposition Text
Authors: Taha Wassan Amer , Majeed Nahida Taha
Published: May 2024

Cooperative learning technique is an educational approach which aims to organize classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences. This technique is supposed to help students evaluate their knowledge which leads them to produce a better comprehension of writing hortatory exposition text(HET).
      Hortatory exposition text is a type of text that provides details to support an opinion. It means that the text declares something to the readers by giving supporting statement and signal to convince it. To make the influence stronger, the speaker or writer gives some arguments as the fundamental reasons why something is the case. Writing is used as a means to rearrange information improving higher-order thinking. It can deliver chance for students to think through arguments and use higher -order thinking skills to solve complex problems. This supposed to help students evaluate their knowledge which leads them to produce a better comprehension of the text.
     This research sheds light on the importance of using cooperative learning technique  in teaching writing hortatory exposition text  in the classroom. So, it consists of three sections , section one includes problems, aims, and limits of the study with information's about cooperative learning technique, section two about writing hortatory exposition text, section three related to writing skill, and Section Four: The Obtained Results. Finally, the research ends up with some conclusions.
Friendship-rivalry between G. Hauptmann and T. Mann in creativity and correspondence
Authors: Voronovsky Aleksander Aleksandrovich , Reznik Liudmila Viktorovna
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the history of the relationship between two outstanding German writers Thomas Mann and Gerhart Hauptmann. The relationship between them developed as a rivalry, reflected not only in their work, but also in their correspondence. At different periods of their acquaintance, Hauptmann and Mann experienced the most contradictory feelings towards each other – from enthusiastic recognition to categorical denial. The publication in 1925 of Mann's novel "The Magic Mountain" became the first harbinger of the beginning of mutual estrangement after many years of friendship. The image of Mynheer Peperkorn sensitively hurt Hauptmann's ego. In addition, there was a rivalry between the writers related to the imitation of Goethe and the struggle for the right to be considered the national poet of Germany. In 1929, with the support of Hauptmann, Mann received the Nobel Prize in Literature. However, the latter's reaction provoked hostile rejection from an older contemporary. In 1933, the rupture of contacts between Mann and Hauptmann occurred for political reasons, and communication was never resumed, despite an attempt at reconciliation on Hauptmann's part.The methodological basis of the article is a historical and literary approach, in which the biographies, correspondence and diaries of Mann and Hauptmann are analyzed, as well as the interaction between writers reflected in their artistic work is studied. The scientific novelty of this article is determined by the lack of domestic research on the relationship between Thomas Mann and Gerhart Hauptmann. This work introduces for the first time into Russian literary criticism a number of relevant texts: letters and diary entries of Mann and Hauptmann, in which they express their attitude to each other and raise a wide range of issues of literary creativity and culture. The difficult relationship between the two writers, who defended completely different literary and ideological positions, is not only reflected in their correspondence and in their artistic work, but also largely reflects the experience of creative self-reflection of each. The main issue turned out to be the relationship between art and life, the possibility of creativity autonomy. If Mann insisted on the inevitable invasion of "life" into the sphere of the artist's activity, then Hauptmann saw in art the poet's salvation from his unworthy vanity.
Commissioning of Upgrades to T6 to Study Giant Planet Entry
Authors: Steer Joseph , Collen Peter , Glenn Alex , Hambidge Christopher , Doherty Luke J , McGilvray Matthew , Sopek Tamara , Loehle Stefan , Walpot Louis
Published: May 2024

The scientific potential of a mission to the ice giants is well recognized and has been identified by NASA and ESA as a high priority on several occasions, most recently in the 2023–2032 Decadal Survey. The payload capacity of such a spacecraft is limited by the heat shield thickness, which must be sized conservatively due to a lack of reliable data for convective and radiative heat flux along the proposed entry trajectories. Major upgrades to the Oxford T6 Stalker Tunnel have been commissioned that allow study of giant planet entry trajectories, including a flammable gas handling system, a Mach 10 expansion nozzle, and a steel shock tube with optical access. Initial testing has been completed in shock tube and expansion tunnel modes, with peak shock speeds of 18.9 km/s achieved. Convective heat flux and surface pressure were measured at several locations on a 45° sphere cone model in expansion tunnel mode. Measurements of the radiating shock layer were made in shock tube mode to assess the effect of [Formula: see text] concentration. This work establishes the first high-enthalpy giant planet entry test bed in Europe.
Aerodynamic Modeling of a Missile Combining Transfer Learning and Dendritic Net
Authors: Ni Zijian , Chen Shiwei , Zhu Zejun , Wang Wei
Published: May 2024

During the initial stages of missile design, finding an efficient method for analyzing aerodynamic characteristics is crucial. This paper proposes a novel aerodynamic modeling method based on a limited computational fluid dynamics (CFD) dataset, combining transfer learning (TL) with Dendritic Net (DD). Initially, we employ CFD-calculated aerodynamic data to establish a pretrained model using DD. Subsequently, the model is adapted to the target domain by TL, predicting aerodynamic parameters under specific conditions. The overall aerodynamic parameters are utilized to generate a relational spectrum through DD’s white-box features, from which primary features are extracted to establish an aerodynamic polynomial model. Finally, the model’s practicality is validated by ballistic flight simulations. The innovation lies in leveraging DD to generate a relational spectrum of aerodynamic parameters, leading to a high-precision polynomial model. Research shows DD outperforms traditional cell-based networks in predicting aerodynamic parameters, and TL reduces the CFD computation workload in the target domain by [Formula: see text] while maintaining prediction accuracy. The polynomial model exhibits superior accuracy compared to the empirical fitting formulas. The method reduces the computational workload for aerodynamic data collection, and through system identification, a high-precision polynomial model is obtained, which provides a reliable basis for missile controller design.
Teaching Artificial Intelligence Good Air Traffic Flow Management
Authors: Taylor Christine , Vargo Erik , Manderfield Tyler , Heitin Simon
Published: May 2024

Air traffic flow managers are continually faced with the decision of when and how to respond to predictions of future constraints. The promise of artificial intelligence, and specifically reinforcement learning, to provide decision support in this domain stems from the ability to systematically evaluate a sequence of potential actions, or strategy, across a range of uncertain futures. As decision support for human traffic managers, the generated recommendations must embody characteristics of a good management strategy; doing so requires introducing such notions to the algorithm. This paper proposes inducing stability into the strategy by dynamically constraining the design space based on upstream design decisions to promote consistency in the recommendations over time, where two such constraint sets are considered. The paper further evaluates the impact of adding a performance improvement threshold that must be overcome to accept a new strategy recommendation. The combination of search constraints and threshold values is evaluated against the agent’s reward function in addition to measures proposed to capture the stability of the strategy. The results show that the more restrictive set of constraints yields the best performance in terms of strategy stability and is more likely to reduce the delay where implementation of the threshold has a minor impact on overall performance. However, for the highest impact day of 8 June 2018, applying the threshold reverses the performance gains in delay but dramatically improves the stability of the resulting traffic flow management strategy from a flight level perspective, implying a potential tradeoff between delay optimization and flight predictability.
Acoustics and Forces from a Subscale Electric Vertical-Takeoff-and-Landing Rotor in Edgewise Flight
Authors: Goldschmidt James , Tingle Henry , Ifju Peter , Miller Steven , Ukeiley Lawrence , Goldman Ben , Droandi Giovanni , Lee Kyuho
Published: May 2024

The far-field noise and forces of a subscale two-blade rotor were measured in an anechoic wind tunnel for both hover and edgewise flight conditions. The mean thrust and torque coefficients increased with the edgewise advance ratio in relation to the hover coefficients. The tonal and broadband noise contributions were separated and analyzed in both the time and frequency domains. The sound pressure level (SPL) at the blade pass frequency (BPF) had the greatest contribution to the overall SPL, and the dominant broadband noise source changed from high-frequency trailing edge noise to midfrequency blade wake interaction noise with an increasing edgewise advance ratio. The tip Mach number scaling of the noise sources was examined and found to be highly dependent on the oncoming freestream velocity. The BPF SPL directivity showed a dependency on the advance ratio, with a peak magnitude below and upstream of the rotor’s retreating side. The broadband noise had a dipole directivity with a minimum in the rotor plane. The midfrequency broadband noise had signatures indicative of blade wake interaction noise, and the high-frequency noise had signatures indicative of amplitude modulated trailing edge noise. The results demonstrate the importance of unsteady loading noise and broadband noise for subscale urban air mobility rotors.
Novel Approach to Augment Thermal Conductivity of Dihybrid Nanofluids
Authors: Senthilkumar G.
Published: May 2024

In this experimental study, the copper oxide (CuO) nano–particle (NP) was mixed with a water/ethylene glycol hybrid base fluid to form a hybrid nano–fluid (HNF). Further, this HNF was mixed with a MgO nano–particle and also separately with a TiO2 nano–particle to form two different dihybrid nano–fluids (DHNFs). For the preparation of nano–fluids, two-step procedure was used. In all three cases, the volume fraction of the NP was 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.25%. The thermal conductivity (TC) of HNF was measured with KD2 pro and compared with the DHNFs' at temperatures 26, 28, 30, and 32°C. It was inferred that the CuO/TiO2 nano–particle addition in the water/ethylene glycol hybrid base fluid resulted in an average of 0.8% rise in thermal conductivity at chosen temperatures and volume fraction. Also, the agglomeration due to the presence of CuO/MgO was a critical issue at higher volume fractions such as 0.75, 1, and 1.25%. The MgO nano–particle addition in the CuO nano–particle also resulted in a 0.6% increase in thermal conductivity at 0.25 and 0.5% volume fraction. The result was that in the CuO/MgO - water-ethylene glycol nano–fluid combination the TC was enhanced by 29.57% compared with CuO/water/ethylene glycol at a volume fraction increase of 0.5%. Also, it was noted that the nano–particles volume fraction has little effect on thermal conductivity improvement at higher proportion.
SWITCHING CURRENT OF THE PRIMARY WINDING OF THE TRANSFORMER WITH VARIATIONS IN ITS NO-LOAD CURRENT
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky KPI», Kyryk Valery , Khalikov Volodymyr ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky KPI», Zhernosekov Anatoly ,   Paton Electric Welding Institute NAS of Ukraine, Shatan Oleksandr ,   Paton Electric Welding Institute NAS of Ukraine
Published: May 2024

Transformers are an indispensable component of various types of electrical circuits. Various restrictions are imposed on the transformer switching operation, which are caused by the functional purpose of the systems, their configuration, parameters and characteristics of existing or available switching components or devices and associated transient processes. When the power transformer is switched on asynchronously, current surges in its primary winding, including in modes close to the min-imum load, may exceed its nominal current by several times. Such processes are undesirable from the point of view of energy efficiency, electromagnetic compatibility, transformer reliability and the functioning of protection systems. Proper analysis of electromagnetic processes was performed by numerical calculation methods followed by computer modeling using the MATLAB/Simulink software package. The purpose of the study is to highlight the extreme nature of switching current surges of the primary transformer and their dependence on the relative value of the no-load current of the winding. This current, in turn, depends on the slope of the main functional segment of the magnetization curve of the transformer core corresponding to its stationary mode of operation. The research shows that the increase in the idle speed of the transformer causes a directly proportional decrease in the switching current surges of the primary winding of the transformer. At the same time, the difference between the amplitude values of adjacent semi-periodic current surges decreases. It is noted that an increase in the value of the transformer's no-load current is often aimed at stabilizing the burning of the alternating currentarc in electric welding installations. They are characterized by a repeated short-term mode of switching, and therefore the determination of the mag-nitude of switching current surges is relevant here
Reduction mammaplasty at a teaching hospital in North Central Nigeria – A 12-year audit
Authors: Abubakar Amina Ibrahim , Ehighibe Amaka Patricia , Okpechi Samuel , Sabo Vinishe Yakubu
Published: May 2024

Reduction mammaplasty (RM) is the 7th most common surgery performed by plastic surgeons worldwide. This trend is not reflected by literature in the African subcontinent. In this article, we present the demographic characteristics of patients who had reduction mammoplasty in a teaching hospital in North Central Nigeria. In a retrospective study, we present data from 8 RMs performed over 12 years. Fifty per cent of our patients were single, and the patient age ranged from 18 to 53 years, with a mean age of 32 ± 12.2 years. Our patients presented with the classic symptoms of breast hypertrophy: chest pain, back pain, and mastalgia. The mean nipple areola distance was 37.2 ± 5.9 cm. Six (75%) of our patients had superior pedicle RM, while the other two had breast amputation and free nipple grafting. Fifty per cent had inverted T skin pattern resection and the rest had a vertical scar. We recorded no complications in three of our patients. We have found the superomedial pedicle to be quite versatile and reliable, with a short learning curve even with very large breasts. Patient satisfaction post-operative was mixed in three patients and negative in one patient. A lot of education is necessary to ensure that patients are aware of RM and that the procedure must be made affordable.
Can Integrated The Mathematics Learning With Malay Culture?
Authors: Syarul Ramadhan
Published: May 2024

One of strategy to maintain the Malay Culture of Indonesia is integrated learning. This way gives effective results to the school to maintain the culture of the Region. This research is a literature review approach with an exploration of many research in Indonesia and other countries. The data collection technique used was documentation from ten published articles from every country that has done the research. The research shows the integration process can be done in an effective way according to expert suggestions. This can be done with a strict validation process. Learning integration should be implemented in every education element. This is because the education element, government, principal, teachers, staff, and students will be a significant effect on supporting the integration process in classroom activities. Integration can be run effectively with facilities support from the government and students’ parent.
Cassava starch modified montmorillonite - an efficient material for removal of crystal violet dye from contaminated aqueous solution
Authors: Nguyen Van Hung , Luu Hoang Tam , Vo Nguyen Dang Khoa , Ha Thuc Chi Nhan
Published: May 2024

Because of grave effects on human health and the ecosystem, dye wastewater is exigent to be treated before its access to the environment. Removal of dyes from wastewater is one of the most important steps to eliminate its harmfulness. In this study, montmorillonite (MMT), a clay mineral with numerous applications in catalytic and coating purposes, was modified to form a new adsorbent for the removal of crystal violet (CV) dye from contaminated aqueous solution. Vietnamese cassava starch which is biodegradable, renewable, sustainable and affordable, was used as a modifier for MMT. The modified MMT was characterized by Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopic methods. Its morphology and structure were observed by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the effects of pH, interaction time, adsorbent concentration and temperature on the physico-chemical adsorption process on the basis surface of the material, have been investigated. Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to analyze the adsorption values of dye solutions at the time of equilibrium. The results indicated that the modified MMT possessed the spherical shape, with particles on the surface in a wide size range. Investigation on the ideal removal conditions for modified MMT showed that it removed the crystal violet dye with maximum adsorption at pH value of 7 and concentration of 101.1 mg/g after 1 hour of interaction. Moreover, the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model was compatible with all results and the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model. Starch modified MMT should be promising for dye removal from wastewater.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activities of Copper Metal Complexes of Some Novel Acylhydrazoneoxime Ligands
Authors: Chavan Jotiram K. , Patil Raju M.
Published: May 2024

The current study is focused on the synthesis of copper metal complexes of different derivatives of acylhydrazoneoximes (4-R-INAP-TPHD). The copper metal complexes were synthesized by reacting copper chloride with various 4-substituted isonitrosoacetophenoneterephthalohydrazide ligands (4-R-INAP-TPHD) viz. 4-H-INAP-TPHD, 4-CH3-INAP-TPHD,4-OCH3-INAP-TPHD and 4-Cl-INAP-TPHD. The resulting complexes were characterized by using various techniques such as elemental analysis, electrical conductance, magnetic susceptibility, UV-Visible, FTIR and TG-DTA. Antibacterial activities of these metal complexes were also studied against selected bacteria strain.
Stimulation of the Biofilms of a marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans by Fucoidan extracted from macroalgae
Authors: Omuzbuken B. , Alyuruk H. , Kacar A.
Published: May 2024

Bacterial biofilm growth in aquatic environments can be promoted by natural compounds such as polysaccharides and proteins. Fucoidan is a group of marine sulfated polysaccharides found in the cell wall matrix of brown algae. In the present study, extraction of fucoidan was studied by using two alternate methods comparatively and efficiencies of the fucoidan extracts from Cystoseira sp. and Padina pavonica were investigated for stimulation of biofilm development of Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans. The fucoidan rich extracts were tested for adhesion of biofilm bacterium in black polystyrene flat-bottom microplates. In the biofilm experiments, the extracts were found to stimulate biofilm development. The maximum mean for the biofilm stimulation efficiencies was 67.52% for SG1 - Cystoseira sp. and 67.50% for SG1 - P. pavonica. The results highlighted that Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans was able to adhere to the plates and the growth rates were increased with the addition of fucoidan extracts. This research indicated that fucoidan can be effective in biofilm development strategies in aquatic environments.