bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of the use of digital technologies when teaching the Russian language to foreign citizens in Russian universities
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Dominova Tatiana N. , Kolbasenkova Aleksandra E. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Kumbasheva Julia A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Currently, the education system around the world is undergoing a number of changes due to the active development of distance and digital learning technologies: learning is becoming more individualized, flexible, dynamic, and most importantly, technologically advanced. In these conditions, it seems necessary to rethink the role and specifics of using digital technologies when teaching Russian to foreign students. Materials and methods. The study involved 60 teachers of Russian as a foreign language aged from 25 to 67 years old, working at various universities in Russia: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg Mining University, Herzen State Pedagogical University, etc. The following methods were used: questionnaire method, comparative analysis, statistical method, systematization method, as well as a method of graphical presentation of data. Research results. The survey revealed that the majority of Russian as a foreign language teachers (78%) consider the digitalization of higher education to be a positive phenomenon, and 60% of respondents currently conduct their classes in a mixed mode. The most common digital tools used are basic computer programs (96%), instant messengers/email (85%), Internet resources (84%), platforms for conducting distance learning (81%) etc. The vast majority of respondents (95%) made changes to the process of teaching Russian language, taking into account the experience of the distance mode: they began to use the latest teaching methods, digital resources etc. 32% of survey participants believe that the use of electronic technologies is most relevant at the stage of skill building; speaking about teaching various types of speech activity and aspects of language, 80% of teachers noted that the use of electronic technologies is most appropriate when teaching listening and vocabulary. The majority of respondents believe that the use of digital technologies makes it possible to optimize control over the mastering of educational material. Conclusion. The obtained research results made it possible to identify and describe the most important aspects of the digitalization of higher education in the field of methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language, as well as to determine the prospects for further methodological study of the use of digital technologies in Russian as a foreign language classes.
Development of a questionnaire for identifying autoaggressive and heteroaggressive tendencies in adolescents
Authors:   Privolzhskiy Research Medical University, Kasimova Lala N. , Shangin Nikita V. ,   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy  and Public Administration, Svyatogor Marina V. ,   Privolzhskiy Research Medical University, Sychugov Evgeny M. ,   Privolzhskiy Research Medical University
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Among the leading causes of deaths in young people aged 15-29, interpersonal violence is the third most common cause, and suicide – the fourth one. Autoaggression and heteroaggression are considered as interrelated phenomena conditioned to a great extent by biological and personality factors. For more effective diagnostics, it is important to pay attention not only to the psychological characteristics of the adolescent but also to the social aspects of his/her life. The aim of the study was to develop a questionnaire for identifying autoaggressive and heteroaggressive tendencies in adolescents. Materials and methods. A total of 606 respondents took part in the study – 58.8% girls and 41.2% boys. The respondents’ ages ranged from 13 to 19. Autoaggressive tendencies were investigated using the Suicidal Behaviour Questionnaire. Aggressive behaviour was assessed using the Bass-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. Due factors were identified using the principal components method. The reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s α coefficient; the validity was verified by Pearson correlation coefficient. Results. A proprietary questionnaire was developed to identify autoaggressive and heteroaggressive tendencies in adolescents. Target indicator responses were set for each measured parameter (levels of heteroaggression and autoaggression) amidst all possible answers to the questionnaire. The overall arithmetic score was a basis for calculating the autoaggression and heteroaggression indexes. The mean value of the autoaggression index was 7.7841. The distribution of answers showed that 19.5% of the respondents had an autoaggression index value of 12 and higher, which determined the choice of this value as the limit of the norm. The proven correlation between predisposition to aggression and increased risk of suicidal behaviour allows using the index of 20% to assess the prevalence of heteroaggressive tendencies in the population. The mean value of the heteroaggression index was 9.0767. The heteroaggression index value was 13 and higher in 19.7% of the respondents, which determined the choice of this value as the limit of the norm. Besides, it is necessary to take into account that, when completing the questionnaire, the respondent tends to give socially approved answers. Therefore, a person who scored 0 is included in the risk group. Conclusions. The sociological method makes it possible to identify the most disadvantaged groups that need preventive and corrective work. The developed questionnaire allows a school psychologist or a class teacher to assess the prevalence of certain tendencies in the class and to individualise help at the next stage.
Features of electronic (virtual) internationalisation of higher education in Russia and Kazakhstan
Authors:   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nakhbayeva Guliskhan S. , Beregovaya Oksana A. ,   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: November 2024

Introduction. The use of information and communications technologies in the sphere of higher education has received its new embodiment in promoting universities into the global educational space. The aim of the study was to find out how electronic internationalisation is implemented in some universities in Russia and Kazakhstan and what the prospects for its development are. Materials and methods. The survey was implemented on the basis of the methodology for scrutinising Englishlanguage pages of university websites, developed by the Russian Council on International Affairs in 2015. Materials from 5 English-language versions of websites of state universities in Russia and 5 websites of state universities in Kazakhstan were used. The used methods involved induction of empirical material collection; comparative method of studying the results; analysis and generalisation. Results. The most stuffed website sections of all selected five Russian universities are “About the University” (100%), “Contacts” (96%), “University History” (90%), “Admission” (96%), “University Mission and Strategic Goals” (93%), “Science and Research” (90%), “Units and Departments” (80%), “Foreign Partners” (80%). In 80% of the universities, all or most (2/3 of the total number) curricula in the English language have no news blocks in English or additional materials about the programmes (presentations, videos, booklets, etc.). The section “Career” in English is the most problematic in almost all of the surveyed universities. It is singled out as a special section only in 60% of the explored Russian universities. The most stuffed website sections of all selected five Kazakhstani universities are “Contacts” (84%), “About the University” (60%), “Admission” (60%) and “Science and Research” (50%). The other sections are less than 50% complete. Moreover, the section “Career” (28%) is the most problematic in terms of data content. The study showed that the Russian state universities which are in the top 5 in terms of student numbers are striving to improve the English-language versions of their websites and translate website sections into other popular languages. The survey of the Kazakhstan universities showed the opportunities for the development of electronic internationalisation in the country. Conclusion. Electronic internationalisation is a new promising form of international communication for universities in Russia and Kazakhstan. Some recommendations were formulated to develop electronic (virtual) internationalisation for both countries: translation of websites into other foreign languages; regular updating of information along with the development of strategic and marketing plans; promoting international identification of universities; use of digital marketing; due account of the immersive nature of internationalisation.
CONCERNING THE EFFICIENCY OF PRODUCTION OF A NICHE CULTURE OF HEMP
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Stepasyuk Ludmila
Published: November 2024

The article highlights the current state of the world market of industrial hemp, presents forecasts for its development, it is stated that the last decade has been characterized by the active development of hemp production in many countries of the world. It is emphasized that this niche plant is called a culture of the 21st century due to a number of advantages that are inherent to it, and also that there are no generalized official statistics on the cultivation of industrial hemp in the world as of 2024. The geography of growing industrial hemp in the world is presented. It is noted that the cultivation of industrial hemp in Ukraine is subject to licensing, the level of the narcotic substance in the varieties that are allowed to grow is the lowest in the world, according to forecasts, the state can become one of the leaders in the production of industrial hemp in the world by 2050. It is highlighted that hemp raw materials are used in the most diverse branches of the economy, in the process of processing different parts of hemp, a wide range of products with high added value can be obtained. A number of other factors that testify to the economic attractiveness of hemp production are also presented, including: short growing season; the possibility of obtaining a significant harvest of biomass even on lands that are unsuitable for other crops; the possibility of cultivation without herbicides; low need for water use; expediency of introduction into crop rotation; the possibility of using all parts of the plant and others. Attention is focused on the multi-vector possibilities of hemp processing; the key factors that encourage the growth of the world market of hemp products are highlighted; the key segments of the global industrial hemp market are highlighted food and beverages, personal care products and paper. Examples of the main areas of hemp processing in Ukraine and the profitability of its cultivation in Ukraine in 2023-2024 are given. It was revealed that the opening of industrial parks, which are aimed exclusively at the cultivation and processing of industrial hemp, is a confirmation of the development of the hemp growing niche in Ukraine. It was concluded that the production of a niche culture of hemp and its processing is accompanied by a high level of economic efficiency
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Pomaz Oleksandr , Fesenko Oleksandr ,   Poltava State Agrarian University
Published: November 2024

Thus, socio-economic management tools are an integral part of the modern strategy of enterprises, which allows combining the desire for economic efficiency with responsibility to society and employees. It is a comprehensive toolkit that helps enterprises remain competitive, socially responsible and sustainable in the face of constant changes in the external environment. Thus, the history of the development of socio-economic tools of enterprise management reflects a constant desire to adapt management methods to changes in society and the economy. From simple financial mechanisms to modern complex strategies of socially responsible management � each stage of the evolution of these tools contributed to increasing the efficiency of enterprises and their ability to adapt to the challenges of the times. New leadership models that emphasize ethical aspects and long-term goals, not just short-term economic results, are also an integral part of modern management. Leaders in enterprises must now be not only effective managers, but also able to build trust, mutual understanding and cooperation among employees. They implement strategies that stimulate the development of human potential, which is an important factor in the socio-economic development of enterprises. Prospects for the study of socio-economic enterprise management promise a wide range of new approaches and innovations that respond to the modern challenges of the global economy and society. Deepening research in this area is becoming more and more relevant in the context of rapid changes in the labor market, growing technological complexity and the need to adapt to new conditions of the business environment. Socio-economic management already today shows the importance of integrating social aspects into economic processes, and in the future its importance will only increase. As a result, research perspectives in the field of socio-economic management of the enterprise cover a wide range of areas that combine economic and social aspects of the activities of organizations. Future research will help to better understand how enterprises can adapt to new challenges, create sustainable development models and simultaneously meet the social needs of employees and society
THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT IN AGRO-FOOD ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Voronko-Nevidnycha Tetiana , Buryi Yevhen ,   Poltava State Agrarian University
Published: November 2024

Change management is an important component of the activity of any enterprise, especially in the conditions of an unstable economic environment. Businesses in the agri-food sector face numerous challenges caused by both internal and external factors, which makes change management a key aspect of their development. Change management includes adaptation to changes in the environment, introduction of new technologies, reorganization of processes and strategic planning, which contributes to the preservation of competitiveness and sustainability of the enterprise. The main essence of change management is the ability of the enterprise to adapt to external and internal changes, which ensures its continued existence and development. Changes can be different in scale - from small operational to global strategic ones, which change the structure, areas of activity or even the market in which the company operates. A key factor in the successful implementation of changes is the flexibility of the enterprise and its ability to respond to new challenges while maintaining internal stability. Modern approaches to change management also actively use technological innovations that allow automating management processes, improving control and communication within the organization. Such tools as business analytics allow managers to quickly respond to market changes and make informed decisions. Enterprises in the agri-food sector deal with numerous external and internal factors that determine their efficiency and competitiveness. The successful functioning of such enterprises requires adaptability, innovative approaches to production, flexibility in management and a clear understanding of market trends and government policy. Innovations in the agri-food sector are becoming a driver of development, as they provide increased productivity, improved product quality and reduced environmental impact. The use of the latest technologies, such as precision agriculture, biotechnology, production automation and artificial intelligence, contributes to the optimization of resources and increasing the competitiveness of enterprises. Innovative approaches also make it possible to adapt to climate change and new regulatory requirements, which are becoming important factors of activity in this area.
MARKETING STRATEGIES AND ENSURING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES: GREEN BUILDING AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
Authors:   National Academy of Management, Kostynets Yuliia , Zhukov Sviatoslav ,   Uzhhorod National University
Published: November 2024

This article examines the main aspects of marketing strategies that contribute to the integration of environmentally friendly technologies into business processes, as well as their impact on the long-term development of enterprises. The main marketing strategies contributing to the integration of environmentally friendly technologies into business processes have been identified. The impact of green construction on the sustainable development of enterprises was evaluated. The advantages and disadvantages of using renewable energy resources in the context of sustainable development are studied. The international experience in the implementation of green technologies and its applicability for Ukrainian enterprises is considered
THE PLACE OF FOOD AND AGRO-FOOD SPHERES IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Fedirets Oleg , Brykailo Yevgen ,   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, Nevodnychyi Yaroslav ,   Poltava State Agrarian University, Burmaka Oleksii ,   Poltava State Agrarian University, Kondratenko Oleksandr ,   Poltava State Agrarian University, Khorsun Maryna ,   Poltava State Agrarian University
Published: November 2024

The prospects of the food and agro-food sector in the structure of the economic management system are related to global and national trends in the development of agriculture, food industry and effective management of these industries. The growing demand for environmentally friendly products forces companies and farmers to implement sustainable production methods. This includes reducing greenhouse gas emissions, using water and resources efficiently, and moving to organic agriculture. Environmental standards are becoming important in ensuring the competitiveness of products on the domestic and international markets. Automation and digital technologies are rapidly penetrating the agri-food sector. Precision farming technologies, artificial intelligence, drones and satellite systems allow for increased production efficiency, improved resource management and reduced costs.In addition, digital platforms help to optimize supply chains and improve interaction between market participants. There is an increasing focus on food safety due to increased regulation by governments and international organizations. This requires agri-food businesses to invest in quality control systems and meet international standards such as HACCP. The increase in the export of food and agricultural products is an important factor in the economic development of many countries. This requires diversification of sales markets, improvement of logistics infrastructure and adaptation to the requirements of foreign markets.In addition, supporting local producers through government subsidy programs can strengthen the domestic market. The concept of a closed-cycle economy involves minimizing waste and maximizing the use of resources at each stage of production. In the food sector, this may include using waste as raw material for fertilizer or energy production. Small and medium-sized businesses in the agri-food sector can play an important role in ensuring food security and sustainable development of rural areas. Government support programs, access to finance and educational programs can help strengthen this sector. Climate change directly affects the food sector, causing unpredictable weather conditions that can reduce harvests and increase the risk of production losses. Adapting to these changes requires the introduction of new technologies, genetically modified crops, and risk management programs. At the global level, more and more attention is being paid to food security - ensuring a stable food supply. This includes the development of the agro-industrial complex to reduce dependence on imports, increase food reserves, and develop infrastructure for storage and transportation
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЯКОСТІ СИРКОВИХ ДЕСЕРТІВ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОГО ПРИЗНАЧЕННЯ
Authors: Дзюндзя О. В.
Published: November 2024

Анотація. Враховуючи постійні стресові ситуації у населення України виникають нові та прогресують хронічні захворювання перебіг яких можна полегшити вживанням харчових продуктів спеціального призначення. Відповідно існує необхідність в створені харчових продуктів які могли задовольнити такі потреби. Метою даної роботи було визначення основних показників якості та безпечності сиркових десертів із додаванням порошків репісу та айви та повною замінною цукру на цукрозамінник. В ході експериментальних проробок було визначено оптимальну кількість плодово-ягідних порошків та спосіб введення до рецептури. За даними сенсорної оцінки зразки з додаванням нетрадиційних інгредієнтів мали кращі оцінки порівняно з контролем. За фізико-хімічними показниками дослідний зразок повністю відповідав вимогам нормативного документа (ДСТУ). Дослідження мікробіологічних показників вказало на відсутність патогенних, стафілококових мікроорганізмів і групи кишкової палочки у досліджуваних зразках. Результати досліджень основних показників підтвердили якість та безпечність сиркових десертів з додаванням харчових порошків з репісу та айви.
ЛЮДИНА ЧИ МАШИНА: ІНТЕЛЕКТ ТА МІЦНІСТЬ, ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ТА КОНКУРЕНЦІЯ
Authors: Волошин В. С. , Азархов О. Ю.
Published: November 2024

Анотація. У статті представлено в параметричному порівнянні стан і розвиток двох екосистем, одна з яких заснована на вуглецевих формах життя, а друга - на металоїдних і металевих елементах. Розглядається гіпотетичне припущення про можливу конкуренцію між цими системами в межах обраних параметрів. Запропонована параметрична модель, що відображає основні взаємні конкурентні функції умовної «людини» і «машини», дозволила оцінити як їх реальні, так і потенційні можливості і зробити висновки про перспективність цих двох умовних екосистем. Одним з висновків таких досліджень стала нетривіальна теза про можливий проміжний стан функції людини в довгостроковому еволюційному розвитку розуму на планеті, хоча б на підставі того, що він в чомусь починає програвати конкуренцію зі створеними ним специфічними формами неорганічного світу. Показано, що сучасний еволюційний вектор не є його останньою стадією, він спрямований на розвиток конкретних форм неорганічного світу, який у певний час буде здатним до діяльності паралельно з людиною, але не менш ефективній.
РОЗВИТОК ПЕРСОНАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА НА ОСНОВІ ФОРМАЛЬНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Шаталова Людмила
Published: November 2024

В статті розглянуто заходи розвитку персоналу підприємств на основі формальної освіти. Актуальність проведеного дослідження пов’язана з різким скороченням робочої сили в Україні внаслідок збройної агресії сусідньої країни, що обумовило необхідність пошуку трудових резервів шляхом розширення посадових обов’язків працівників та залучення до господарської діяльності різних категорій населення. Як наслідок, актуалізується проблема розвитку персоналу на основі різних методів навчання, серед яких особливе місце займає формальне навчання. Зазначено, що професійне навчання працівників робітничих професій підприємств здійснюється шляхом первинної професійної підготовки, перепідготовки та підвищення кваліфікації. Навчання керівників, професіоналів та фахівців підприємств здійснюється шляхом перепідготовки, спеціалізації, підвищення кваліфікації та стажування. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що адаптація навчальних планів і програм закладів освіти до сучасних змін в техніці, технологіях, організації виробництва на вимогу роботодавців сприятиме розширенню компетентнісного потенціалу персоналу підприємств. Вже сьогодні стає очевидно, що проблему дефіциту робочої сили доведеться вирішувати за рахунок більш активного залучення до господарської діяльності жінок, представників старшого покоління та ветеранів війни. Cоціальна підтримка, залучення та навчання ветеранів війни стають особливо актуальними для українських роботодавців. Зазначено, що під впливом об’єктивних факторів протягом останніх трьох років в Україні значно скоротилося педагогічне навантаження викладачів закладів освіти, тому останніх слід залучати до освіти дорослих з метою адаптації їх компетентнісного потенціалу до вимог роботодавців. Підкреслено необхідність розвитку цифрової компетентності персоналу підприємств, від опанування якої залежатиме успіх цифровізації економіки України і, як наслідку, зростання продуктивності праці. Зазначено, що в Україні назріла необхідність прийняття Закону, що регламентуватиме освіту дорослих.
La prima grande carestia d'età moderna in Sicilia (1590-92). Crisi alimentare e crisi economica
Authors: Andrea Galizia Salvatore
Published: November 2024

La grave crisi produttiva e alimentare del 1590-92 mise fine, anche simbolicamente, a quella lunga stagione di crescita economica e demografica del regno di Sicilia che fu il Cinquecento. Si trattò della prima grande carestia dell'età moderna e lo shock che ne conseguì colse del tutto impreparati i vertici del regno i quali approntarono una macchina emergenziale orientata da chiare scelte di natura politica. I risultati degli interventi messi in campo apparvero lontani dai traguardi sperati e, soprattutto, si rivelarono assai disomogenei tra le varie aree geografiche dell'isola. Nel corso dell'emergenza la mortalità fu talmente elevata da lasciare pressoché spopolate diverse porzioni di territorio mentre le tensioni sociali acuivano ingovernabilità e disordini. Al termine della crisi - non grazie ad interventi amministrativi ma grazie all'arrivo di un nuovo e stavolta abbondante raccolto - l'economia siciliana rimase comunque spossata a lungo ed iniziò un lento quanto inesorabile declino.
La baronessa Anna Grimaldi Zappalà e la "carità intelligente" a Catania tra Ottocento e Novecento
Authors: Cecilia La Mela Maria
Published: November 2024

L'autrice di questo studio intende richiamare l'attenzione dei catanesi, in particolare, sulla figura della baronessa Anna Grimaldi, coniugata Zappalà (1870-1966), con l'obiettivo di avviare percorsi che la facciano conoscere alle nuove generazioni. Questa figura poliedrica, significativa anche per la storia nazionale, merita di essere riscoperta, approfondita e tramandata affinché non si perda una parte della nostra memoria storica ed ecclesiastica. La baronessa è uno dei tanti tasselli preziosi che arricchiscono il variegato mosaico della nostra identità civile e religiosa. L'opera caritativa e assistenziale della Baronessa si inserisce nel più ampio spettro dell'impegno cattolico e sociale che, tra Otto e Novecento, ha scritto pagine gloriose al servizio della nostra Città e di un territorio più vasto.
Le reliquie di S. Agata tra storia e tradizione. La vertenza del 1917 tra il cardinale Francica Nava e l'arciprete De Maria?
Authors: Patanè Antonio
Published: November 2024

L'articolo tratta della storia, della tradizione e del culto delle reliquie di Sant'Agata, secondo le ultime scoperte della storiografia agatina. L'argomento di conversazione è la reliquia conservata a Galatina, in provincia di Lecce, e l'analisi storica del Corpo custodito nella Cattedrale di Catania. Inedite sono le notizie dei tentativi (1915-1922) del card. G. Francica Nava di portare la reliquia dalla Puglia alla città etnea e la polemica che nel 1917 si sviluppò tra lui e l'arciprete S. De Maria sulla veridicità delle reliquie conservate a Catania.
Elements of environmental and socioeconomic sustainability related to the food system: A meta-synthesis
Authors: Goes Maia Marques Ana Beatriz , Walter Silvana Anita , Guedes Villar Eduardo , de Paula Siqueira da Costa Jaqueline
Published: November 2024

This study aims to understand how the individual elements of the food system relate to sustainability through a meta-synthesis. Changes in food production and consumption in recent decades have had a detrimental effect on human health and the environment. This study helps to explain the existing gap that affects the entire process from food production to the final consumer by discussing the elements that comprise the food system dimensions of a healthy and sustainable diet. The meta-synthesis approach makes it possible to capture elements and their relationship to each other and to generate explanations about theoretical relationships. With this in mind, searches were conducted in the Scopus database, initially selecting 1,362 studies that contained previously selected search descriptors. Subsequently, an exploratory analysis of the titles and abstracts of the articles was conducted, resulting in a set of twenty case studies centered on the topic of interest. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, twelve studies remained to make up this meta-synthesis. The elements that emerged from the analytical synthesis of the articles favor or hinder the transition to healthy and sustainable food systems and have an impact on four dimensions: Production, supply, marketing and consumption, as well as on the food system as a whole. As a theoretical contribution, this study explains the elements and stressors of sustainable food systems. As a practical contribution, based on these stressors, action plans can be developed involving different stakeholders and public policies to develop public policies that promote healthy and sustainable diets.
Reasons for milking system adoption: The case of Switzerland
Authors: Schmid Dierk
Published: November 2024

This paper studies the importance which farm managers attach to the investment in the milking system in terms of their (management) objectives and expectations. According to a survey of 455 Swiss farm managers, the main reasons for investment decisions for all milking systems were to reduce labour and physical stress. For parlours, income objectives and animal welfare were more important than for other milking systems. In the case of automatic milking systems (AMS), the focus was on making working hours more flexible and increasing family time. According to farm managers, these objectives were largely achieved. The study shows, that higher income or production volume become less important reasons over the observed time period and that AMS are implemented by older farm managers.
Criminología y racismo: a propósito de las políticas necro-criminales a los inmigrantes
Authors: L. Gusis Gabriela
Published: November 2024

Este trabajo pretende indagar sobre la relación entre la inmigración, la criminología y el racismo. Cuál es la relación de la criminología desde una perspectiva histórico- genealógica y cómo se han gestado algunas ideas que parecieran ser hoy una cuestión puesta de manifiesto por la política criminal global en torno a los migrantes. Qué rol fundamental juega el racismo en los saberes-poderes que continúan presentando a personas con más o menos derechos de acuerdo a su antojo, a pesar de tener hoy de manera indiscutida un modelo de estado constitucional de derechos y un enorme bagaje proveniente del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos. Palabras claves: migantes; criminología; derechos humanos; política-criminal; racismo.
Dal campo allo schermo: influenze sociologiche nel cinema realista di Ken Loach
Authors: Emilio Chesta Riccardo , Maccarrone Vincenzo
Published: November 2024

A giugno 2024 Ken Loach ha compiuto 88 anni. Il regista inglese ha annunciato che ‘The Old Oak', uscito nel 2023, sarà il suo ultimo film. Benché non sia la prima volta che Loach annunci il proprio ritiro dalle scene, questi avvenimenti offrono un'occasione per provare a tratteggiare un'analisi della sua estesa filmografia. Il suo cinema realista e la sociologia hanno un legame significativo, che merita di essere analizzato più di quanto non abbia fatto un abbondante critica letteraria che si è occupata del regista inglese. Il saggio parte dall'analisi di alcuni dei suoi film chiave dedicati al lavoro e alla condizione operaia per mostrare le intersezioni epistemologiche tra cinema realista e sociologia. Si conclude soffermandosi sulla particolare traiettoria del regista inglese che, dopo una fase di documentazione di numerose esperienze di conflitto, sembra suggerire invece un certo pessimismo nella fase più matura, dove viene meno l'idea di una possibilità di trasformazione del mondo che veda protagonisti i lavoratori. È forse un cinema che ha rinunciato all'indagine degli orizzonti di emancipazione per limitarsi a testimoniare una nostalgia per il vecchio mondo operaio e per le sue vecchie forme di organizzazione? O è ancora uno strumento per innescare nuovi processi di presa di coscienza critica e trasformazione?
Platform work and Marx's theory of value: a literature review
Authors: Valle Gontijo Laura , Pedro Inácio Peleja João
Published: November 2024

This article aims to investigate the academic production of platform work and its interfaces with Marx's theory of value in the field of Social and Economic Sciences. A systematic review of the international literature produced between 2009 and 2023 was carried on the Scopus database. The question of the creation of value is the most important aspect that has been identified by this research. Most of the authors affirmed that data creates value. We indicated the critics that exist on this topic. For instance, the formal and real subsumption of labor to capital and the importance that money plays in materializing value. Also, piece-rate pay was identified as an important aspect that affects workers' subjectivity to increase the creation of value. In addition, the authors explored the process of concentration and centralization of capital in the platform economy. This literature review concludes that there is still a lack of studies on platform work from a value theory perspective.
«Remake the Globe!». Un'inchiesta sui lavoratori dello spettacolo durante la pandemia in Italia
Authors: Di Sandro Mirco , Sanguinetti Antonio
Published: November 2024

L'articolo discute alcuni risultati di un'inchiesta sui lavoratori dello spettacolo realizzata nel corso dell'emergenza pandemica in Italia, nel periodo in cui le misure di sospensione delle attività hanno causato una crisi di sistema nel mercato del lavoro, esasperando le criticità già esistenti. Ne sono scaturite delle mobilitazioni che hanno realizzato una ricomposizione degli interessi in un settore caratterizzato da individualismo, auto-imprenditorialità, precariato e molteplicità di professioni. Il saggio prende in analisi due questioni rilevanti. Primo, quali sono state le richieste unificanti che hanno contribuito al superamento della frammentazione. Secondo, quale tipo di convergenza si è affermata. Le istanze espresse dai lavoratori hanno mostrato caratteri differenti: alcune orientate verso una prospettiva individuale, altre di tipo settoriale, altre ancore si sono poste orizzonti più universalistici.
Changes in the Demographic Situation in Ukraine During the Wartime and Their Impact on Social Policy
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Khoroshev Maksym І.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the profound and complex demographic changes that are taking place in Ukraine as a result of the full-scale war that began in February 2022. The study focuses on four main aspects of demographic processes: birth rate, mortality rate, migration and population structure. Each of these aspects is analyzed from the point of view of the impact of the war on their dynamics and long-term consequences for the socioeconomic development of the country. In particular, the author focuses on a significant decrease in the birth rate, which is the result of the complex impact of economic uncertainty, psychological stress, deterioration of living conditions and destruction of key infrastructure facilities. As for mortality rate, the article emphasizes that its increase is primarily due to the direct consequences of hostilities, such as the deaths of civilians and soldiers. The economic instability caused by the war is forcing many families to postpone having children, leading to a deepening demographic crisis that began even before the war. Migration processes have become one of the most tangible demographic consequences of the war. The forced evacuation of the population, both internal and international, has significantly changed the demographic map of the country. Mass migration of young people and the working-age population, on the one hand, weakens the economic potential of Ukraine, and on the other hand, creates significant challenges for countries hosting refugees. The article examines not only quantitative, but also qualitative changes that occur as a result of the displacement of a significant part of the population. Changes in population structure are another important aspect explored in the article. The loss of a young and able-bodied population, the aging of the nation, and the change in the gender and age structure of the population can have long-term negative consequences for the future development of the country. The author underlines that without proper State policy aimed at the return of refugees, stimulating the birth rate and improving living conditions, these changes can lead to further deterioration of the socioeconomic situation. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to solving the demographic challenges caused by the war and the importance of developing effective strategies to ensure the social and economic stability of Ukraine in the context of post-war recovery. This approach includes creating conditions for the return of refugees, supporting economic activity, investing in the restoration of destroyed regions, as well as developing social policies that take into account new demographic realities.
The Impact of Logistics and Transaction Costs on the Efficiency of the Supply Chain of Distribution Enterprises
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Mudryk Serhii O.
Published: November 2024

The aim of the article is to determine the theoretical aspects of the formation of logistics and transaction costs and the characteristics of their impact on the supply chain of domestic distribution enterprises. The article analyzes various approaches of scholars to the interpretation of the concepts of «logistics costs», «transaction costs», their composition and classification. It is determined that in addition to logistics or transaction costs, the supply process may include costs that are difficult to attribute to one or another type, so another group of costs in the implementation of the supply process has been allocated. The relationship between logistics, transaction costs and supply costs of distribution enterprises is characterized. The author is convinced that logistics and transaction costs have a significant impact on the supply chain of distribution enterprises, so their optimization will have a positive impact on its efficiency. In order to optimize logistics costs at distribution enterprises, it is proposed, in particular, to establish cooperation with suppliers and consumers to minimize warehousing costs, use innovative technologies, increase costs in one section of the supply chain by reducing them in another, etc. Recommendations for optimizing transaction costs relate to part of the collection and processing of information, including on the database of counterparties, reducing the number of contracts partially by concluding them for long periods, etc. The author proves that constant analysis, control and search for ways to optimize logistics and transaction costs through modern innovative approaches for distribution enterprises is extremely important, because it will achieve high efficiency of the supply chain, reduce overall costs and ensure stable growth and development of business.
The Role of Non-Financial Reporting in an Integrated Approach to Auditing Public Interest Entities
Authors:   State University of Trade and Economics, Fedorov Ihor O. , Hordopolov Volodymyr Yu. ,   State University of Trade and Economics
Published: November 2024

Modern businesses are increasingly aware of their responsibility to society and the environment. This is driving the development of an integrated approach to auditing that encompasses not only financial but also non-financial aspects of a company's operations. The integration of non-financial reporting into the auditing process of public interest entities is a key element of this process. This article analyzes the role of non-financial reporting in ensuring effective investment auditing and its impact on investment decision-making. The aim of the article is to examine the role of non-financial reporting in the investment auditing process of public interest entities, to determine its impact on the quality of investment decision-making, and to develop recommendations for improving the methodology of conducting such audits. The article analyzes the theoretical foundations and practical aspects of integrating non-financial reporting into the investment auditing process. It identifies the key elements of non-financial reporting that have the greatest impact on investment decision-making. Proposals are developed to improve the methodology of investment auditing, taking into account the requirements for non-financial reporting. It is concluded that the integration of non-financial reporting into the investment auditing process is a necessary condition for ensuring a comprehensive assessment of the activities of public interest entities. It allows investors to make more informed decisions and companies to increase their investment attractiveness. The research conducted confirms that non-financial reporting is an important tool for assessing the long-term sustainability of a business and its impact on society and the environment.
The Impact of Central Bank Digital Currencies on the International Financial System
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Blashchuk-Deviatkina Nataliia Z. , Foltovych Diana R. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: November 2024

The aim of the article is to study the impact of digital currencies of central banks on the international financial system in modern conditions. The article defines that the central bank digital currency (CBDC) is an electronic form of the national currency, which is created and controlled by the central bank and is implemented in various formats, including retail and wholesale options, as well as on the basis of accounts or tokens, using digital ledgers, with the possible application of technologies such as blockchain. CBDC is a central bank commitment and can be used to make payments, store value, and other financial transactions, while enabling fast, secure, and cost-effective transactions for consumers and businesses. The main directions of influence of digital currencies of central banks on the international financial system are considered and defined. A study of the advantages and disadvantages of the CBDC issue has been carried out. It is emphasized that digital currencies have a significant number of advantages and a significant impact on global financial markets due to their unique properties, despite a number of risks they entail. Based on this, the most popular private digital currencies in 2024 and their direct impact on the international financial system are determined. Their market capitalization is also determined. Based on this, it is emphasized that private digital currencies play a significant role in the development of the global financial system, stimulating innovation and increasing the efficiency and accessibility of financial services. Exactly these currencies have become the main driving force for the creation of central bank digital currencies. The authors consider digital currencies of central banks of different countries, characterizing the most popular ones in 2024. Thus, the market share of these currencies is determined, which shows how the major economies of the world are actively developing their digital currencies to maintain economic stability and strengthen their position in the global financial system. It is emphasized that Ukraine also continues to work on the launch of its central bank digital currency – the e-hryvnia. A number of challenges and prospects posed by the introduction of central bank digital currencies for the international financial system are identified.
Development of Neobanks in the World and in Ukraine
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Breheda Olena A.
Published: November 2024

The development of modern technologies affects all spheres of human life. The growing popularity of neobanks, their dynamic development and spread in the world require their further study and research. The aim of the article is to outline the trends in the development of neobanks, their general features and features of activity, to identify the prospects for the development of neobanks and digital banking in Ukraine. The carried out study showed the dynamic development of neobanks in the world, which occurs regardless of the peculiarities of the emergence of players in the market. In the world, fintech companies and e-commerce giants are becoming significant competitors of banks, which often come to the sale of banking products having mastered other niches of the financial market. The concentration of neobanks by regions is considered, the reasons for the emergence and development of neobanks in Europe, in particular in the United Kingdom, are determined. The article also defines the peculiarities of the activities of neobanks in Ukraine, where they do not have an independent license for banking activities and operate on the basis of traditional banks, therefore they cannot be fully considered as independent structures compared to the vast majority of other countries. It is found that, despite the prospects and significant achievements of neobanks, their number in Ukraine has decreased. The reasons for these processes are analyzed and the factors influencing this are identified. It is shown that such a reduction in neobanks does not have a negative impact on the penetration and development of digital banking in the country, and traditional banks are actively introducing new solutions and services for the population and business through their mobile applications. The leading positions in digital banking are occupied by Monobank, which is a pioneer and undisputed leader in this area. It is found that a significant problem for neobanks and all digital banking both in Ukraine and around the world is serous DDoS attacks, the number of which is constantly growing. Therefore, significant efforts should be directed to countering such challenges, strengthening the protection of systems, preventive work and cyber hygiene.