bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trace Metal Content and Availability of Essential Metals in Agricultural Soils of Alicante (Spain)
Authors: Navarro-Pedreño Jose , Almendro-Candel María Belén , Gómez Lucas Ignacio , Jordán Vidal Manuel M. , Bech Borras Jaume , Zorpas Antonis A.
Published: December 2018

This article analysed the presence of trace metals (essential elements and pollutants) and soil properties in rural abandoned soils of a Mediterranean region. The soil properties determined were texture, pH, equivalent calcium carbonate, soil organic matter, availability of micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn), and acid microwave digestion extraction to measure the trace metals considered as main pollutants (Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb). Descriptive statistics and correlations were used to determine the relations among these parameters. pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), and clay were the main properties that controlled the availability of essential metals. pH was the main factor related to these metals in these calcareous soils. However, SOC, which can be incremented by adding organic fertilizers for soil rehabilitation as a sustainable practice, played an important role. Mean values of the metal composition in soils (Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb) obtained in this study were similar to values reported for other areas in the Mediterranean basin.
Residential Energy Sustainability in China and Germany: The Impact of National Energy Policy System
Authors: Sheng Chunhong , Cao Yun , Xue Bing
Published: December 2018

The energy consumption and carbon emission of Chinese households is growing rapidly and will continue to do so for the near future. Currently, Chinese energy policies mainly focus on the industrial sector instead of the residential sector. Among industrialized countries, Germany has performed relatively well in the residential sector, which can provide valuable lessons for China. This paper investigates the policy-making, implementation, and resulting patterns of Chinese and German residential energy policies from a multi-level perspective. The policy system study provides a holistic view over the factors influencing residential energy sustainability. The main findings are: (1) the German residential energy policy system follows a hybrid policy model, combining top-down and bottom-up policy designs, with more demand-side or market-oriented policies, and a high level of public participation, resulting in remarkable headway toward sustainability in the residential energy sector; and (2) the Chinese energy policy system is characterized by top-down, supply-side oriented market policies with limited public participation. The policy implication of this study for China is to shift its top-down policy paradigm to a hybrid policy model that facilitates public participation in the residential energy sector.
Is Psychological Value a Missing Building Block in Societal Sustainability?
Authors: Carvalho João M. S. , Sousa Célio A. A.
Published: December 2018

Value creation is a constitutive and defining aspect in organizational ventures. This is unsurprising, as it is required for organizational survival and sustainability. Approaches based on the creation of economic, social and ecological value draw attention to the multiple and multiplicative nature of value creation. While academia still acknowledges the conceptual value of such approaches, a framework that add a psychological dimension to the established Elkington’s triple-bottom line model seems particularly refreshing and inspiring. Relying on the concepts of psychological value and sustainability, this paper presents the outcomes of an exploratory empirical study involving managers and users/customers of four organizations in the social sector in Portugal. This study discusses how managers and users/customers of these organizations make sense of and value psychological value. The outcomes of the interviews with both managers and users/customers shed light into the unexplored, hazy and neglected analytical links that may exist between psychological value and broader perspectives on sustainability. We conclude that this novel approach enhances our understanding about the impact that a social product can have in societal sustainability.
Analysis of the Sustainable Development Indicators in the OECD Countries
Authors: Megyesiova Silvia , Lieskovska Vanda
Published: December 2018

Sustainable development is a key task for governments that should end poverty, ensure prosperity, create better conditions for health, education or social needs. The set of indicators to be monitored for evaluation of successes or failures of the sustainable development varies by intergovernmental organizations like OECD or EU. To discover the status and dynamics of variables which are part of the sustainable development goals of the OECD countries is the main aim of the presented analysis. To measure the convergence of socio-economic indicators the coefficient of variation was used. The Pearson’s correlations coefficient and regression analysis were applied to detect the linear relationship between a pair of variables. The OECD countries were compared not only by using univariate statistical methods but also by applying a multivariate approach. The cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used for a set of indicators to monitor the countries from a wider perspective. The analyzed indicators GDP per capita or real change in GDP per capita belong to variables of economic activity. Variables of life expectancy at birth, standardized death rates for noncommunicable diseases belong to indicators of health. Altogether fifteen selected indicators were used for a multivariate analysis of OECD countries in two periods of time.
Exploring Spatiotemporal Variation in Hourly Metro Ridership at Station Level: The Influence of Built Environment and Topological Structure
Authors: Shi Zhuangbin , Zhang Ning , Liu Yang , Xu Wei
Published: December 2018

Reliable and accurate estimates of metro demand can provide metro authorities with insightful information for the planning of route alignment and station locations. Many existing studies focus on metro demand from daily or annual ridership profiles, but only a few concern the variation in hourly ridership. In this paper, a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model was used to examine the spatial and temporal variation in the relationship between hourly ridership and factors related to the built environment and topological structure. Taking Nanjing, China as a case study, an empirical study was conducted with automatic fare collection (AFC) data in three weeks. With an analysis of variance (ANOVA), it was found that the GTWR model produced the best fit for hourly ridership data compared with traditional regression models. Four built-environment factors, namely residence, commerce, scenery, and parking, and two topological-structure factors, namely degree centrality and closeness centrality, were proven to be significantly related to station-level ridership. The spatial distribution pattern and temporal nonstationarity of these six variables were further analyzed. The result of this study confirmed that the GTWR model can provide more realistic and useful information by capturing spatiotemporal heterogeneity.
Coupled Systems of Sequential Caputo and Hadamard Fractional Differential Equations with Coupled Separated Boundary Conditions
Authors: Asawasamrit Suphawat , Ntouyas Sotiris K. , Tariboon Jessada , Nithiarayaphaks Woraphak
Published: December 2018

This paper studies the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a new coupled system of nonlinear sequential Caputo and Hadamard fractional differential equations with coupled separated boundary conditions, which include as special cases the well-known symmetric boundary conditions. Banach’s contraction principle, Leray–Schauder’s alternative, and Krasnoselskii’s fixed-point theorem were used to derive the desired results, which are well-illustrated with examples.
An In Vitro Evaluation of the Capacity of Local Tanzanian Crude Clay and Ash-Based Materials in Binding Aflatoxins in Solution
Authors: Ayo Emmanuel M. , Matemu Athanasia , Laswai Germana H. , Kimanya Martin E.
Published: December 2018

Aflatoxins in feeds cause great health hazards to animals, and thus eventually to humans as well. The potential of clays from Arusha (AC), Kilimanjaro (KC), the Coast (CC), and Morogoro (MC), as well as volcanic ash (VA) and rice husk ash (RA), were evaluated for their capacity to adsorb aflatoxins B1 (AFB1), B2 (AFB2), G1 (AFG1), and G2 (AFG2) relative to a commercial binder Mycobind® (R) using in vitro technique. On average, CC, VA, KC, MC, AC, RA, and R adsorbed 39.9%, 51.3%, 61.5%, 62.0%, 72.6%, 84.7%, and 98.1% of the total aflatoxins from solution, respectively. The capacity of AC and RA was statistically (p < 0.05) better in binding aflatoxins next to R. The adsorption capacity seemed to follow the trend of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of these materials. The CEC (meq/100 g) of CC, MC, KC, VA, AC, RA, and R were 7.0, 15.4, 18.8, 25.4, 27.2, 27.2, and 38.9, respectively. On average 96.3%, 42.7%, 80.8%, and 32.1% of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2 were adsorbed, respectively. The binding capacity of the clays and ashes relative to Mycobind® was about 100% for AC and RA, 50% for KC, MC, and VA, and 33.3% for CC. The AC and RA seem to be promising resources in binding aflatoxins in solution.
Erratum: Kuribayashi, T. et al. Seroprevalence of Immunoglobulin E Antibodies against Japanese Cedar Pollen Allergens Cry j1 and Cry j2 in Dogs Bred in Japan. Vet. Sci. 2018, 5, 79
Authors: Kuribayashi Takashi , Cossu Davide , Momotani Eiichi
Published: November 2018

Due to an error during production, the column title of Figure 2 and Figure 3 are misaligned in the Results section of the published paper [...]
Analysis of Final Year Veterinary Students’ Telephone Communication Skills at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital
Authors: Sheats M. Katie , Hammond Sarah , Kedrowicz April A.
Published: December 2018

Client communication is a core clinical skill that is taught as part of the required curriculum at many veterinary colleges. Although much client communication occurs face-to-face, telephone communication is used to provide patient updates, relay results of diagnostic tests, and check on discharged patients. This research explored fourth year veterinary medical students’ telephone communication skills. We recorded and analyzed the transcripts of 25 calls students made to clients of three different services in the Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Additionally, we explored the perspectives of veterinary educators by distributing a survey to university faculty and house officers (n = 57). Results indicate that students excelled at identifying the patient and purpose of the call and incorporating professional language and clear explanations. They require development in providing structure and incorporating core communication skills. Compared with our survey results, the student findings are at odds with clinicians’ expectations of students’ communication abilities. We conclude that additional training is required to familiarize students with expectations regarding telephone communication, including reviewing the case thoroughly, preparing to answer questions and provide explanations, following organizational protocol, and incorporating open ended questions, reflective listening, and empathy. This data will inform design, and help to measure the impact, of telephone communication education and training that will be incorporated into the existing veterinary communication curriculum.
Sensitivity of the Vertical Response of Footbridges to the Frequency Variability of Crossing Pedestrians
Authors: García-Diéguez Marta , Zapico-Valle Jose Luis
Published: November 2018

Contemporary design codes and guides for vibration serviceability assessment include some simplifications in load modelling. The same statistical distribution of the inter-pedestrian variability of the step interval (frequency) is proposed for all applications. Moreover, walking loads are considered to be periodic. The intra-pedestrian variability of the step interval is neglected. A more realistic load modelling trying to overcome the limitations of the codes is intended in this paper. Instead of a single mean value of the inter-pedestrian distribution of walking speed, a range of possible variation, which account for the real variations that occur in practice depending on the footbridge location and usage, is considered. An enhanced model is proposed in this paper to reproduce statistically both the intra- and inter-pedestrian variability of the step interval as a function of the walking speed distribution. This innovative model is then applied to study the sensitivity of the vertical response of footbridges to the variability of the step interval and to evaluate the influence of the aforementioned simplifications on the predicted characteristic responses. For this purpose, low-frequency footbridges excited by single-pedestrian crossings are chosen. The response is statistically characterized through Monte Carlo numerical simulations including 720 different configurations and 10,000 load cases in each configuration. Results of the study provide an overview of the influence of the footbridge and load parameters on the responses, which can be useful in practical applications where human–structure interactions are negligible. As for the simplifications of the codes, it is found that either using a single distribution to model the inter-pedestrian variability of the spatiotemporal parameters or neglecting the intra-pedestrian variability can lead to a significant underestimation of the characteristic response of footbridges.
Modeling the Effects of Spatial Variability of Irrigation Parameters on Border Irrigation Performance at a Field Scale
Authors: Dong Qin’ge , Zhang Shaohui , Bai Meijian , Xu Di , Feng Hao
Published: December 2018

The interaction between surface and subsurface water flows plays an important role in surface irrigation systems. This interaction can effectively be simulated by the physical-based models, which have been developed on the basis of the numerical solutions to the Saint-Venant and Richards’ equations. Meanwhile, the spatial variability of field physical properties (such as soil properties, surface micro-topography, and unit discharge) affects the interaction between surface and subsurface water flows and decreases the accuracy of simulating surface irrigation events at large scales. In this study, a new numerical methodology is developed based on the physical-based model of surface irrigation and the Monte Carlo simulation method to improve the modeling accuracy of surface irrigation performance at a field scale. In the proposed numerical methodology, soil properties, unit discharge, surface micro-topography, roughness, border length, and the cutoff time for the unit discharge are used as the stochastic parameters of the physical-based model, while field slope is assumed as the constant value because of the same field tillage and management conditions at a field scale. Monte Carlo simulation is used to obtain the stochastic parameter sample combinations of the physical-based model to represent the spatial variability of field physical properties. The updated stochastic simulation model of surface micro-topography, which is developed to model the spatial distribution of surface elevation differences (SED), is used to obtain the surface micro-topography samples at a field scale. Compared with the distributed-parameter modelling methodology and the field experimental data, the proposed numerical methodology presents the better simulation performance.
Étude de l'absorption de quelques complexes tétracyanés à base de Pt
Authors: Moreau-Colin M.-L.
Published: November 2018

L'absorption en lumière polarisée des complexes tétracyanés à base de platine a mis en évidence le dichroïsme du groupement plan Pt(CN)₄.

Le spectre d'absorption de l'ion Pt(CN)₄⁻⁻, en solution, a également été déterminé.
Exemples d'application du porosimètre à mercure
Authors: Chantret Francis , Delpech A.
Published: November 2018

Les auteurs montrent, dans ces deux exemples, l'intérêt d'associer à l'étude de la porosité de roches sédimentaires l'observation des lames minces, avant et après injection de mercure, ce qui permet de visualiser les zones à porosité ouverte.
Katoite, a new member of the Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-Ca3Al2(OH)12 series and a new nomenclature for the hydrogrossular group of minerals
Authors: Passaglia Elio , Rinaldi Romano
Published: December 2018

The new mineral katoite, Ca3Al2(SiO4)(OH)8, occurs in Pietramassa near Montalto di Castro (Viterbo, Italy), associated with many other hydrated calcium silicates and aluminates in the vugs of a phonolite which effused through argillaceous marls of Pliocene age. Microprobe and TG analyses yielded the empirical formula Ca2.96(Al1.85Mg0.01)(Si0.69S0.11)O2.93(OH)9.07 ; X-ray study showed it to be cubic, Ia3d with a 12.358(2) Å. Physical properties (thermal behaviour, refractive index, infrared spectrum, and X-ray powder diffraction) are consistent with its chemical composition and with its pertinence to the solid solution series Ca3Al2Si3O12 (grossular) and Ca3Al2(OH)]2 (synthetic phase) with an approximate content of 27 % of the former and 73 % of the latter. This makes it the first natural compound of the series with a grossular content lower than 50 % and confirms the existence, also in nature, of a complete series with a SiO4 ⇌ (OH)4 isomorphous replacement within the grossular structure. By analogy with other isomorphous mineral series, two names, hibschite and katoite, are appropriate to represent the two solid solution fields with more and less than 50 % Si in the tetrahedra, respectively. The name hydrogrossular remains applicable as a group name for members of the whole series with an appreciable OH content but otherwise undetermined SiO4/(OH)4 ratio. The paragenetic sequence found in nature and laboratory experiments reported in earlier literature, indicate for katoite a crystallization temperature of approximately 300 °C with a relatively high water vapour pressure and a limited Si supply.
Structure cristalline de la langite, Cu4[SO4(OH)6H2O].H2O
Authors: Galy Jean , Jaud Joël , Pulou Raymond , Sempère Rodolphe
Published: December 2018

The blue prisms of langite are biaxe (—) Ng = 1.715, Nn = 1.700 and Np = 1.650. The formula is Cu4[SO4(OH)6(H2O)].H2O. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group Pc with the parameters : a = 7.118(5), b = 6.034(2), c = 11.209(7) Å and β = 90.02(3)°, ρexp = 3.28(2) g/cm3, ρx = 3.37 g/cm3, Z = 2. The mineral found belongs to Mazega, Aveyron, France. The structure has been refined to R = 0.028. The network is built with [Cu4O(OH)6H2O]n layers on which are grafted SO4 sulfate groups ; an extra water molecule is inserted and packs with the oxygens of the trigonal base of (SO4). All the copper atoms are octahedrally surrounded ; these CuO6 octahedra are rather distorted. The order of O--, OH- and H2O has been determined by crystal chemical considerations. The network of langite, [Cu4(SO4)(OH)6(H2O)], is strongly related with that of posnjakite.
La mantiennéite, une nouvelle espèce minérale du gisement de vivianite d'Anloua, Cameroun
Authors: Fransolet André-Mathieu , Oustrière Pascal , Fontan François , Pillard François
Published: December 2018

La mantiennéite est un nouveau minéral découvert dans le gisement de vivianite d'Anloua, Cameroun. Associée au quartz, à la sidérite et à la kaolinite, elle constitue le ciment de niveaux sableux, intercalés dans des argilites noires d'origine lacustre.

Elle se présente en sphérolites fibroradiés d'un diamètre de 0,1 à 1 mm. Sa couleur est jaune brun miel, avec un éclat brillant. Elle est fragile et montre un clivage (001) parfait et un autre (010) difficile. Dmes. = 2,31 et Dcalc. = 2,25. Biaxe négative avec 2Vobs. compris entre 50 et 60° ; ng = 1 ,598 et np = 1 ,564 ; pléochroïsme très faible : X = incolore et Z = jaune très pâle ; X//b et Z//a ; dispersion r > v distincte. La mantiennéite est orthorhombique avec a = 10,409, b = 20,330 et c = 12,3 12 Å. Les raies principales du diffractogramme de poudre sont (d, I/Io, hkl) : 10,18, 40, 020 ; 7,41, 30, 111 ; 6,158, 100, 002 ; 3,104, 30, 251 ; 3,076, 60, 004 ; 2,949, 30, 104 ; 2,839, 25, 260-252 ; 2,051, 20, 006.

La moyenne de deux analyses chimiques, par voie humide sur un mélange de mantiennéite avec 5,42 % quartz et 6,42 % sidérite, donne : P2O5 28,32 ; TiO2 7,98 ; Al2O3 9,31 ; Fe2O3 4,99 ; FeO 3,98 ; MnO 0,13 ; MgO 5,77 ; CaO 0,27 ; Na2O 0,16 ; K2O 2,49 ; H2O 29,20 ; insol. 5,42 ; CO2(?) 1,98 ; total : 100,00. Les résultats d'analyses thermopondérales et thermiques différentielles sont discutés. La mantiennéite, dont la formule chimique idéalisée est (K0,5⃞0,5)(Mg1,5Fe3+0,5)2Al2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3.15H2O , est le correspondant alumineux de la paulkerrite. Pour expliquer l'abondance de la mantiennéite dans les niveaux sableux et sa richesse en titane, une hypothèse génétique est proposée.
Comportement du chrome dans les minéraux d'altération du gisement de chromite de Campo Formoso (Bahia, Brésil)
Authors: Calas Georges , Manceau Alain , Novikoff André , Boukili Hassan
Published: December 2018

Chromiferous ultramafic rocks from Campo Formoso (Bahia State, Brazil) exhibit various stages of hydrothermal alteration and weathering, each being characterized by distinct chromiferous parageneses. These Cr-bearing minerals are mainly phyllosilicates, but other phases are also present as chromiferous opal and hydroxycarbonates. Optical absorption spectra and K-edge fine structure allow a better knowledge of chromium crystal chemistry in these minerals. The first stages of chromite oxidation have been precised, and particularly the influence of structural factors was pointed out : the inversion grade of these spinels controls the evolution from a mainly direct chromite to the inverse forms (ferritchromit). Chromium ions inserted in mineral structures do not exhibit any change in the oxidation state during alteration processes. In contrast, crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE) of Cr3+ ions exhibits important variations among the studied minerals. Study of EXAFS spectra demonstrated that Cr-O distances do not change significandy among the investigated minerals, the effective oxygen charge playing the main role in the observed CFSE variations. This latter parameter explains the concentration of chromium in these minerals and contributes to the stability of some phases like clinochlores and hydroxycarbonates, where trivalent chromium has the highest CFSE.
New Formation Models for the Kepler-36 System
Authors: Bodenheimer Peter , Stevenson David J. , Lissauer Jack J. , D’Angelo Gennaro
Published: December 2018

Formation of the planets in the Kepler-36 system is modeled by detailed numerical simulations according to the core-nucleated accretion scenario. The standard model is updated to include the dissolution of accreting rocky planetesimals in the gaseous envelope of the planet, leading to substantial enrichment of the envelope mass in heavy elements and a non-uniform composition with depth. For Kepler-36 c, models involving in situ formation and models involving orbital migration are considered. The results are compared with standard formation models. The calculations include the formation (accretion) phase as well as the subsequent cooling phase, up to the age of Kepler-36 (7 Gyr). During the latter phase, mass loss induced by stellar XUV radiation is included. In all cases, the results fit the measured mass, 7.84 M
⊕, and radius, 3.68 R
⊕, of Kepler-36 c. Two parameters are varied to obtain these fits: the disk solid surface density at the formation location and the “efficiency” factor in the XUV mass-loss rate. The updated models are hotter and therefore less dense in the silicate portion of the planet and in the overlying layers of H/He, as compared with standard models. The lower densities mean that only about half as much H/He is needed to be accreted to fit the present-day mass and radius constraints. For Kepler-36 b, an updated in situ calculation shows that the entire H/He envelope is lost, early in the cooling phase, in agreement with observation.
Stalling of Globular Cluster Orbits in Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: Kaur Karamveer , Sridhar S.
Published: December 2018

We apply the Tremaine–Weinberg theory of dynamical friction to compute the orbital decay of a globular cluster (GC) on an initially circular orbit inside a cored spherical galaxy with isotropic stellar velocities. The retarding torque on the GC,

, is a function of its orbital radius

. The torque is exerted by stars whose orbits are resonant with the GC’s orbit and given as a sum over the infinitely many possible resonances by the Lynden-Bell–Kalnajs (LBK) formula. We calculate the LBK torque

and determine

for a GC of mass

and an isochrone galaxy of core mass

and core radius

. (i) When

, many strong resonances are active, and as expected,

, the classical Chandrasekhar torque. (ii) For

,

comes mostly from stars nearly corotating with the GC, trailing or leading it slightly; trailing resonances exert stronger torques. (iii) As

decreases, the number and strength of resonances drop, so

also decreases, with

at

, a characteristic “filtering” radius. (iv) Many resonances cease to exist inside

this includes all leading and low-order trailing ones. (v) The higher-order trailing resonances inside

are very weak, with

at

. (vi) Inspiral times for

to decay from

to

far exceed

.
Angular Momentum and Galaxy Formation Revisited: Scaling Relations for Disks and Bulges
Authors: Fall S. Michael , Romanowsky Aaron J.
Published: December 2018

We show that the stellar specific angular momentum j
⋆, mass M
⋆, and bulge fraction

of normal galaxies of all morphological types are consistent with a simple model based on a linear superposition of independent disks and bulges. In this model, disks and bulges follow scaling relations of the form

and

with

but offset from each other by a factor of 8 ± 2 over the mass range

. Separate fits for disks and bulges alone give

and

, respectively. This model correctly predicts that galaxies follow a curved 2D surface in the 3D space of

,

, and

. We find no statistically significant indication that galaxies with classical and pseudo bulges follow different relations in this space, although some differences are permitted within the observed scatter and the inherent uncertainties in decomposing galaxies into disks and bulges. As a byproduct of this analysis, we show that the j
⋆–M
⋆ scaling relations for disk-dominated galaxies from several previous studies are in excellent agreement with each other. In addition, we resolve some conflicting claims about the

dependence of the j
⋆–M
⋆ scaling relations. The results presented here reinforce and extend our earlier suggestion that the distribution of galaxies with different

in the j
⋆–M
⋆ diagram constitutes an objective, physically motivated alternative to subjective classification schemes such as the Hubble sequence.
The Effect of Galaxy Interactions on Molecular Gas Properties
Authors: Pan Hsi-An , Lin Lihwai , Hsieh Bau-Ching , Xiao Ting , Gao Yang , Ellison Sara L. , Scudder Jillian M. , Barrera-Ballesteros Jorge , Yuan Fangting , Saintonge Amélie , Wilson Christine D. , Hwang Ho Seong , De Looze Ilse , Gao Yu , Ho Luis C. , Brinks Elias , Mok Angus , Brown Toby , Davis Timothy A. , Williams Thomas G. , Chung Aeree , Parsons Harriet , Bureau Martin , Sargent Mark T. , Chung Eun Jung , Kim Eunbin , Liu Tie , Michałowski Michał J. , Tosaki Tomoka
Published: December 2018

Galaxy interactions are often accompanied by an enhanced star formation rate (SFR). Since molecular gas is essential for star formation, it is vital to establish whether and by how much galaxy interactions affect the molecular gas properties. We investigate the effect of interactions on global molecular gas properties by studying a sample of 58 galaxies in pairs and 154 control galaxies. Molecular gas properties are determined from observations with the JCMT, PMO, and CSO telescopes and supplemented with data from the xCOLD GASS and JINGLE surveys at 12CO(1–0) and 12CO(2–1). The SFR, gas mass (

), and gas fraction (f
gas) are all enhanced in galaxies in pairs by ∼2.5 times compared to the controls matched in redshift, mass, and effective radius, while the enhancement of star formation efficiency (SFE ≡SFR/

) is less than a factor of 2. We also find that the enhancements in SFR,

and f
gas, increase with decreasing pair separation and are larger in systems with smaller stellar mass ratio. Conversely, the SFE is only enhanced in close pairs (separation <20 kpc) and equal-mass systems; therefore, most galaxies in pairs lie in the same parameter space on the SFR–

plane as controls. This is the first time that the dependence of molecular gas properties on merger configurations is probed statistically with a relatively large sample and a carefully selected control sample for individual galaxies. We conclude that galaxy interactions do modify the molecular gas properties, although the strength of the effect is dependent on merger configuration.
Discord at Home, Discord in the World: Is Turkey, NATO's Eastern Frontier, Sustainably Stable and Peaceful?
Authors: Bízik Vladimír
Published: December 2018

The goal of this paper is to determine if it is likely for Turkey to remain a stable country that will avoid serious internal conflicts and violent conflicts abroad. The paper examines long-term cultural and civilizational variables of cosmopolitanism and rationality. It examines indicators that are more immediately associated with the escalation of an internal conflict: violent criminality, youth unemployment rate, income inequality, corruption perception, and political terror. In the end, it examines the level of militarization and the evolution and current state of civil-military relations. It concludes that most of the indicators do not bode well for the stability and democratic consolidation of Turkey. The reason Turkey has not succumbed to political violence and social instability is likely due to its high level of political repression. Given the characteristics of the Turkish society, two basic scenarios for future development are feasible: Turkey can either become much less stable and a victim to social discord with a chance of dangerous escalation; or it will cement its authoritarianism and manage social order by draconian policing, disproportionate "counter-terrorism" laws and disregard for the rule of law. Neither of these scenarios is favourable for its NATO allies, who must engage Turkey and work within the framework of existing alliances and international organizations to mitigate the risks of Turkey either becoming a rogue player or a state embroiled in a civil conflict.
Comparative ultrastructure of cells and cuticle in the anterior chamber and papillate region of Porcellio scaber (Crustacea, Isopoda) hindgut
Authors: Bogataj Urban , Praznik Monika , Mrak Polona , Štrus Jasna , Tušek-Žnidarič Magda , Žnidaršič Nada
Published: December 2018

Isopod hindgut consists of two anatomical and functional parts, the anterior chamber, and the papillate region. This study provides a detailed ultrastructural comparison of epithelial cells in the anterior chamber and the papillate region with focus on cuticle ultrastructure, apical and basal plasma membrane labyrinths, and cell junctions. Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the hindgut epithelial cells was demonstrated by cytochemical localisation. The main difference in cuticle ultrastructure is in the thickness of epicuticle which is almost as thick as the procuticle in the papillate region and only about one sixth of the thickness of procuticle in the anterior chamber. The apical plasma membrane in both hindgut regions forms an apical plasma membrane labyrinth of cytoplasmic strands and extracellular spaces. In the papillate region the membranous infoldings are deeper and the extracellular spaces are wider. The basal plasma membrane is extensively infolded and associated with numerous mitochondria in the papillate region, while it forms relatively scarce basal infoldings in the anterior chamber. The junctional complex in both hindgut regions consists of adherens and septate junctions. Septate junctions are more extensive in the papillate region. Na+/K+-ATPase was located mostly in the apical plasma membranes in both hindgut regions. The ultrastructural features of hindgut cuticle are discussed in comparison to exoskeletal cuticle and to cuticles of other arthropod transporting epithelia from the perspective of their mechanical properties and permeability. The morphology of apical and basal plasma membranes and localisation of Na+/K+-ATPase are compared with other arthropod-transporting epithelia according to different functions of the anterior chamber and the papillate region.
Presence of a stridulatory apparatus in the manca stages of isopods (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea)
Authors: Montesanto Giuseppe
Published: December 2018

ArmadilloofficinalisDuméril, 1816 (Armadillidae) is a widespread terrestrial isopod species in the Mediterranean basin and on the western coasts of the Black Sea. The species is adapted to live in xeric environments and has mainly nocturnal habits. This species is capable of producing stridulations, which is nowadays recognized as a synapomorphy of the genus. In both sexes, these vibrations are produced by a line of scales on the propodus of pereopod 4 and 5. The main goals of this study are: to describe the manca stages ofArmadilloofficinalis; to detect the presence of the stridulatory apparatus in the manca stages; to evaluate the differences of such apparatus in the various manca stages. The manca stages (I, II, III) ofArmadilloofficinalisare described for the first time showing: i, the shortest duration (known in literature) of the manca stage I (approximately 30 minutes); ii, the presence of a rudimental stridulatory organ that may be of great importance in terms of evolutionary aspects and adaptation to terrestrial life. Notes on the reproductive biology are also reported. Furthermore, some considerations on future perspectives forA.officinalisas a model species in biotremology are also discussed.
Description of a new species of the genus Protracheoniscus Verhoeff, 1917 and redescription of Protracheoniscus kryszanovskii Borutzky, 1957 from the southeast of European Russia (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Agnaridae)
Authors: Gongalsky Konstantin B. , Turbanov Ilya S. , Medvedev Dmitry A. , Volkova Julia S.
Published: December 2018

A new species of woodlice, Protracheoniscuspokarzhevskii Gongalsky & Turbanov, sp. n. is described from Kalmykia, NE Pre-Caspian region, Russia. Protracheoniscuskryszanovskii Borutzky, 1957 from the same area is also redescribed. Diagnostic features of these species as well as affinities within the genus are provided and discussed.
A guide to the identification of the terrestrial Isopoda of Maryland, U.S.A. (Crustacea)
Authors: Shultz Jeffrey W.
Published: December 2018

The terrestrial isopod fauna of Maryland is inferred using the taxonomic literature, internet-based citizen science projects, and original collecting. Twenty-two species are either known or are likely to occur in the state. This includes 17 mostly-European adventive species that comprise the vast majority of records. Of the five expected native species, three occur in or near marine or estuarine littoral habitats and each has yet to be recorded or recorded from only a single locality. This situation likely reflects the long history of systematic work on the European fauna and the availability of keys for the identification of these taxa, which contrasts with the limited taxonomic work on native species. A taxonomic key, illustrations, and brief descriptions of species known or expected to occur in Maryland are provided.
Interspecific variation in responses to microclimate by terrestrial isopods: implications in relation to climate change
Authors: Hassall Mark , Moss Anna , Dixie Bernice , Gilroy James J.
Published: December 2018

The importance of considering species-specific biotic interactions when predicting feedbacks between the effects of climate change and ecosystem functions is becoming widely recognised. The responses of soil animals to predicted changes in global climate could potentially have far-reaching consequences for fluxes of soil carbon, including climatic feedbacks resulting from increased emissions of carbon dioxide from soils. The responses of soil animals to different microclimates can be summarised as norms of reaction, in order to compare phenotypic differences in traits along environmental gradients. Thermal and moisture reaction norms for physiological, behavioural and life history traits of species of terrestrial isopods differing in their morphological adaptations for reducing water loss are presented. Gradients of moisture reaction norms for respiratory rates and thermal reaction norms for water loss, for a species from the littoral zone were steeper than those for species from mesic environments. Those for mesic species were steeper than for those from xeric habitats. Within mesic species, gradients of thermal reaction norms for aggregation were steeper forOniscusasellusthan forPorcellioscaberorArmadilliumvulgare, and moisture reaction norms for sheltering and feeding behaviours were steeper forPhilosciamuscorumthan for eitherP.scaberorA.vulgare. These differences reflect differences in body shape, permeability of the cuticle, and development of pleopodal lungs. The implications of differences between different species of soil animals in response to microclimate on the possible influence of the soil fauna on soil carbon dynamics under future climates are discussed. In conclusion a modelling approach to bridging the inter-disciplinary gap between carbon cycling and the biology of soil animals is recommended.
Preface – 10 th ISTIB
Authors: Hornung Elisabeth , Taiti Stefano , Szlavecz Katalin
Published: December 2018

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Bayesian Localized Energy Optimized Sensor Distribution for Efficient Target Tracking
Authors: Elayaraja Alonshia S.
Published: November 2018

Many applications in wireless sensor networks perform localization of nodes over an extended period of time. Optimal selection algorithm poses new challenges to the overall transmission power levels for target detection, and thus, localized energy optimized sensor management strategies are necessary for improving the accuracy of target tracking. In this chapter, a proposal plan to develop a Bayesian localized energy optimized sensor distribution scheme for efficient target tracking in wireless sensor network is designed. The sensor node localization is done with Bayesian average, which estimates the sensor node's energy optimality. Then the sensor nodes are localized and distributed based on the Bayesian energy estimate for efficient target tracking. The sensor node distributional strategy improves the accuracy of identifying the targets to be tracked quickly. The performance is evaluated with parameters such as accuracy of target tracking, energy consumption rate, localized node density, and time for target tracking.
Design of Cognitive Healthcare System for Coronary Cardiac Disease Detection
Authors: Mohanty Mihir Narayan
Published: November 2018

This chapter focuses on clinical decision system (CDS) uses in healthcare units. In this chapter, cognitive approaches are taken using soft computing techniques to design clinical decision systems (CDS) for modern healthcare units. Cognitive computing-based approach is considered. It focuses on cardiac disease detection exclusively by considering its surrounding factors. Fuzzy logic is utilized as one part. The other part includes diabetic detection using deep neural network (DNN) for the automatic identification of the disease. The experiment was done with the Pima Indian dataset. The classification result has been presented in the result section. The decision system in the healthcare unit is a suitable example of a multi-agent system.
CoS and Effect
Authors: Carlgren Dave
Published: November 2018

The science that is done by students in grade school settings naturally differs considerably from that done by actual scientists. While much of this difference is attributable to differences in age and experience between the two groups, it may be possible to decrease the gap between the learner and the researcher in science. To explore this possibility, an educational design research (EDR) study was conducted from the perspectives of complexity and networks, communities of practice, and integral theory, the goal being to assess the potential outcomes of engaging learners in a student-led science conference called the celebration of science (CoS).
An Integral Analysis of Mindfulness and Self-Compassion Among Adolescents
Authors: Wienhold-Leahy Bernita
Published: November 2018

This case study focused on teaching self-compassion to adolescents through a mindfulness program. Self-compassion involves being kind towards oneself, understanding that we are all part of common humanity, and mindfulness. This multi-methods study was grounded in integral theory, which examines self-compassion through multiple lenses with both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The findings indicated that a mindfulness program teaching self-compassion had many benefits to students, including increased mindful awareness and focused attention; emotional awareness and regulation; self-awareness, self-kindness, and self-acceptance; resiliency and growth mindset; compassion, acceptance, and forgiveness for others; and a belief it could reduce bullying in schools. Mindfulness programs in the school context will need to be introduced slowly over the next several years as students, parents, teachers, and administrators all have to understand the importance of these skills before they can be implemented into the classroom.
The Online Mathematics Diagnostic Tool for Transformative Learning in the Pacific
Authors: Sharma Bibhya Nand , Fonolahi Aluwesi Volau , Bali Akeshnil , Narayan Swasti Shubha
Published: November 2018

With advances in information and communication technology, students can be educated from anywhere at any time at their own pace. Students of the 21st century have different learning expectations. These expectations require the design of smart learning environments to ensure more effective and adaptive learning. This chapter essays an introduction to a new educational tool developed on the Moodle platform by The University of the South Pacific to bridge gaps in mathematics knowledge and skills as students' transit from secondary to tertiary education. The tool, known as the Online Mathematics Diagnostic Tool (OMDT), is an intelligent system which provides online tests and automates personalized remediation. This chapter will include the reasons why this diagnostic tool has been developed for the Pacific region students aspiring for tertiary education. It will also discuss why the tool is considered as a smart learning environment (SLE) and how it ensures effective learning of mathematics.
Evaluation of Sociotechnical Systems in Managing Corporate Social Responsibility and Stakeholders' Engagement
Authors: Niskanen Toivo
Published: November 2018

The aim of this chapter is to explore at the Finnish Kemira Corporation how a corporation manages corporate social responsibility (CSR) and stakeholders' engagement. Greimas' actantial model and Senge's five disciplines were applied to evaluate CSR reports with a sociotechnical systems approach in relation to the stakeholders: (1) employees, (2) suppliers, (3) financiers and shareholders, and (4) communities and authorities. It was found that issues of CSR management and stakeholder engagement should be involved in strategic corporate decision making. The business strategy of the corporation emphasizes adherence to CSR guidelines and business standards that reflect the concerns of the stakeholders. CSR strategic procedures indicate the implementation of the corporation's measures to promote and pursue CSR goals that extend beyond their legal responsibilities.
Socio-Technical Approaches for Optimal Organizational Performance
Authors: Shmelova Tetiana , Sikirda Yuliya
Published: November 2018

In this chapter, the authors present a socio-technical system for optimal organizational performance at aviation enterprises such as air navigation system as socio-technical system. The authors made an analysis of the International Civil Aviation Organization documents on risk assessment and the impact of the social environment on the aviation system. The authors obtained the results of the evaluation of non-professional factors: determination of the social-psychological impact on decision making of human-operator by identifying the preferences for organizational performance. The structural analysis of internal and external management environment of aviation enterprise was carried out. And, as follows from the analysis, inhomogeneous factors that influence the aviation activity were classified, formalized, and systematically generalized using set-theoretical approach. The influence of factors of internal and external management environment on the aviation enterprise's activity was determined.
A Sociotechnical Systems Approach Applying a Novel Taxonomy to a Survey for the Assessment of Safety Performance
Authors: Niskanen Toivo
Published: November 2018

The aim of this chapter was to explore a sociotechnical systems approach applying a novel taxonomy with respect to safety performance. The study applied a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Workers (n = 120) and managers (n = 85) were asked to complete a questionnaire survey (Appendix). The following hypotheses were supported: “Activities of the management” had positive impacts on five aggregated variables, namely “near-accident investigation and instructions” (H1), “occupational safety and health (OSH) training” (H2), “operations, technical processes, and the safe use of chemicals” (H3), “use of personal protective equipment” (H4), and “measuring, follow-up, and prevention of major accidents” (H5). By undertaking a statistical evaluation and then devising a novel taxonomy, it was possible to gain detailed insights into diverse aspects of a high-risk industry's work with regard to complex sociotechnical systems. When applying the current approach through participatory cooperation, organizations may acquire new perspectives on their safety performance.
Lean Production and Its Impact on Worker Health
Authors: Gibson Murray , Mrugalska Beata
Published: November 2018

Lean is currently applied successfully in many industrial sectors. However, its value and impact on human health is not fully understood. To gain a better understanding, this chapter explores how ergonomics force and fatigue evaluation methods can be applied in a manner to enhance lean initiatives. These methods incorporate ergonomic-related variables of force type, force duration, force frequency, and degree of awkward posture, and incorporate the recommended cumulative rest allowance (RCRA) model as a practical fatigue-based metric. These methods and their application are discussed.
Normality, Naturalness, Necessity, and Nutritiousness of the New Meat Alternatives
Authors: Bogueva Diana , Schmidinger Kurt
Published: November 2018

In the West, meat is acceptable, tasty, delicious, palatable, and enjoyable. It has a well-established position in the consumers' food habits shaping the taste of the affluent eating culture and accepted as normal, natural, necessary, and nutritious. Although recent scientific evidence recognizes that meat has a high negative environmental impact, there is still lack of attention on the fact that we live on a planet with limited resources which need to be preserved. Part of this is a transition to more sustainable consumption habits and diets. This chapter examines the social readiness and acceptability of new meat alternatives as normal, natural, necessary, and nutritious amongst Gen Y and Gen Z consumers. It concludes that a reduction in meat consumption should be an essential part of creating a more sustainable diet in light of the projected increase of the world population, expected human health benefits, and improved environmental wellbeing of the planet.