bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neden Dik Temel Yazı?: Öğretmen Algıları
Authors: GÜRBÜZTÜRK Oğuz , KOÇ AKRAN Sevda , İŞ ÜNER Zehra
Published: February 2019

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, okuma-yazma öğretiminde

uygulanacak olan dik temel yazı konusunda öğretmen algılarını belirlemektir.

Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim deseni kullanılmıştır.

Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak

Diyarbakır, Batman, Siirt, Bitlis ve Van illerinin merkeze bağlı ilkokullarında

görev yapan ve gönüllülük esasına göre belirlenen 110 sınıf öğretmeni

oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, araştırmacılar

tarafından geliştirilen ve uzman görüşü alınan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme

formu kullanılmış ve sınıf öğretmenlerine “dik temel yazı……..benzemektedir.

Çünkü……” ifadesinin yer aldığı bir form dağıtılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin burada

yapmış oldukları benzetmeler, metafor analizi ile beş aşamada ele alınmıştır.

Bunlar (1) kodlama ve ayıklama, (2) örnek metafor imgesi derleme, (3) kategori

geliştirme, (4) geçerlik ve güvenirliği sağlama ve (5) verilerin bilgisayar

ortamına aktarılması aşamasıdır. Ayrıca görüşme formu ile öğretmenlerin bitişik

eğik yazı ve dik temel yazıyı kıyaslama ve dik temel yazının olumlu/olumsuz

yanları konusundaki algıları da belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen

verilerin analizinde, betimsel ve içerik analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır.

Araştırma sonucunda öğretmenler dik temel yazıyı bitki, hız, yiyecek, spor dalı,

kural ve araç olarak; bitişik eğik yazıyı ise hayvan, yemek, doğa, sanat,

karmaşıklık ve basit bir eylem olarak tanımlamışlardır. Yapılan benzetmelerden

yola çıkılarak öğretmenlerin dik temel yazıyı pratik, hızlı, rahat, disiplinli

ve derli toplu bulurken, bitişik eğik yazıyı daha karmaşık, zor, zahmetli ve

zaman alıcı buldukları tespit edilmiştir.
Prevalence of dermatophytic infections including antifungal susceptibility pattern of dermatophytes in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Basak Priyam , Mallick Bandana , Pattanaik Swetalona
Published: February 2019

Background: Dermatophytosis is a commonly encountered superficial fungal infection in the tropical and subtropical countries. The present study was undertaken to study the clinicomycological profile of dermatophytosis and perform antifungal susceptibility testing for the isolated dermatophytes.Methods: This is 2 years cross- sectional observational study including 433 clinically suspected cases of dermatophytoses. Skin, hair and nails were collected, subjected to direct microscopy by Potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount and culture on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide. Positive growth on culture media was further identified by LPCB mount, slide culture test, growth on Dermatophyte Test Medium, pigment production in corn meal agar with 1% dextrose, urease test and hair perforation test. The isolated dermatophytes were subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing by agar based disc diffusion method.Results: Out of 433 samples, fungal filaments were seen in 308 (71.1%) samples by KOH mount, 259 (59.8%) dermatophytes were isolated from culture. Males (60.5%) were more commonly affected than females (39.5%). Most common age group affected was 21-30 years. Trichophyton mentagrophytes (57.5%) was the most common isolate followed by Trichophyton rubrum (30.1%). Tinea corporis was the most common clinical presentation (52.7%) followed by Tinea unguium (14.1%). Antifungal susceptibility testing showed itraconazole as the most sensitive antifungal agent, while fluconazole was least sensitive.Conclusions: This study provides a scope for assessment of prevalence and clinicomycological profile, which could help in estimation of the problem and hence prevent spread of dermatophytoses with adequate control measures.
The primary surgical treatment of inguinal hernia: a changing trend towards laparoscopic hernioplasty
Authors: Govindaraj Sridar , Roshini A. P. , Prakash Clement , B. Pavithra
Published: February 2019

Background: Inguinal hernias are the most common conditions presenting to the surgical department, which is repaired either with open technique or laparoscopically, Total Extra Peritoneal (TEP) or Trans-Abdominal Pre-Peritoneal (TAPP). Each procedure has its own advantages and drawbacks, none of them have been declared as the gold standard.Methods: Author did a prospective cohort study in a tertiary care hospital to assess the predictors and compare the outcomes for Open and Laparoscopic (TEP/TAPP) Inguinal hernia repair. A total of 180 patients were recruited into the study and followed up for a period of 1 year. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyze the data.Results: 131 (72.8%) underwent open hernioplasty and 49 (27.2%) underwent laparoscopic hernioplasty. There was a significant difference between the time taken to complete an open and laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (p=0.004), with laparoscopic repair taking lesser operating time. Laparoscopy was converted to open repair in 3 (6.1%) patients. Mean pain scores at 6-hours post-operative was 5.28±1.355 with no difference in the pain among patients who underwent open and laparoscopic repair. Seroma or hematoma are known complications, which was seen more in the open technique. The reason for choosing open surgery was secondary to the higher cost of laparoscopic repair (Adjusted Odds Ratio=0.168, p=0.004).Conclusions: The outcomes of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair are comparable to that with the open repair.
The role of surgery in management of tuberculous peritonitis
Authors: Surriah Mohammed Hillu , Bakkour Amine Mohammed , Hussain Nidaa Ali Abdul
Published: February 2019

Background: Tuberculous peritonitis is a serious condition with rising prevalence in recent years. The most common site of involvement is the ileo-caecal region. Treatment with standard antituberculous drugs is usually highly. Surgery is usually reserved for patients who have developed complications, obstruction or not responding to medical management. The aim of this study was to describe the surgical management of tuberculous peritonitis.Methods: This study was carried out at Al-Karama Teaching Hospital between December 2015 to June 2018. A sixty patients with proved tuberculous peritonitis. It was a prospective study in which the records of the patients operated upon as peritonitis or acute intestinal obstruction and whose diagnosis was later confirmed as tuberculosis on histopathology were analysed with regards clinic-pathologic profile, intra-operative findings, surgical intervention performed and outcome in terms of morbidity and mortality.Results: Their age range was between 20-39 years, 25 (62.5%) were females and 15 (37.5) were males, abdominal distension and pallor were a common clinical finding 92.5% and 90% prospectively and 42.5 % of the patients have their complaints for 2-3 months, while history of pulmonary tuberculosis was present in 22.5% of the patients only. In 50% of the patients there were no important findings on chest X-ray. Ascites was positive in 82.5% of patients on abdominal sonography while on diagnostic laparoscopy in 45% of patients the findings were ascites with peritoneal and bowel adhesions.Conclusions: Early diagnosis is the key factor in avoiding systemic and local complications of intestinal tuberculosis. Laparoscopy is the minimal invasive technique for definitive diagnosis with minimal sides effects.
Study of blunt trauma abdomen involving liver injuries based on grade of injury, management: a single centre study
Authors: Jyothiprakasan Vinod Kumar , Madhusudhan Chinthakindhi , Reddy Challa Sravya
Published: February 2019

Background: Modern treatment of liver trauma is increasingly non-operative. Advantages of non-operative management include avoidance of non-therapeutic celiotomies and the associated cost and morbidity, fewer intra-abdominal complications compared to operative repair and reduced transfusion risks. It is associated with a low overall morbidity and mortality and does not result in increase in length of the hospital stay. The objectives was to study efficacy of non-operative management of blunt liver injury.Methods: Seventy patients were studied, out of which 59 were initially given a trial of non-operative management and 11 patients were immediately shifted to the operating room. Of the 59 patients initially considered for non-operative management, 5 of them became unstable hemodynamically and were operated. Any complications arising in patients in non-operative group were managed with the help of interventional radiological procedures.Results: Total 54 patients were managed successfully without operative intervention which included patients with higher grade of injuries. 11 patients were shifted to surgery on arrival as they did not respond to resuscitation measures. Mortality and morbidity were found to be higher in patients undergoing surgery. Also, number of transfusions required, ICU stay and total number of days in hospital were higher in operated group. High ISS, low BP at admission, higher grade of injury in this study were seen in patients who failed non-operative management.Conclusions: Non-operative management is the initial management of choice in hemodynamically stable patients, irrespective of the grade of injury and is associated with less mortality and morbidity.
Prakash versus figure of eight technique in sternal closure in CABG patients
Authors: Elsaify Mohammad M. , Soltan Hatem M. , Soliman Rafik F. , Hagag Mohamed Gamal
Published: February 2019

Background: Median sternotomy was recommended in 1957 by Julian for complete exposure of the heart. Despite the high importance of correct sternotomy, proper sternal closure is vital to ensure fewer post-operative complications. The sternum can be closed by wires and other methods. Sternal closure using the most suitable technique can dramatically reduce the risk of development of such complications.Methods: It is a prospective randomized comparative study of two patient groups, each included 30 patients, diagnosed of ischemic heart disease and underwent CABG. Group A with the patients’ sterna closed by figure of eight method and group B with multi-twist (Prakash) technique. Both groups were compared regarding postoperative pain and complications as superficial and deep sternal wound infections (SSWI, DSWI), wire removal and rewiring within six months of follow up.Results: The mean of minimum post sternotomy pain in group A patients was 24.50±11.7, whereas in patients of group B, it was 27±10.1. Only two patients (group A) suffered sternal dehiscence within six months follow up. The incidence of SSWI and DSWI among both groups was almost similar with only two patient of group A needed wire removal and one of them required rewiring.Conclusions: The multi-twist sternal closure provides better sternal stability after CABG especially in patients who are vulnerable to sternal dehiscence.
Clinical profile of patients with abdominal tuberculosis in rural North India
Authors: Agrahari Saurabh , Utaal Maneshwar Singh , Bali Sharadendu
Published: February 2019

Background: Tuberculosis is a very serious health hazard in India. The nonspecific clinical features of abdominal tuberculosis (TB) have made its diagnosis difficult, which can lead to the poor outcome in patients who are not able to receive early treatment especially from rural areas. Aim of our study was to determine the clinical profile including various clinico-pathological manifestations, demographic profile, spectrum of clinical presentation, etiology, pathological and radiological investigations of patients with abdominal TB.Methods: A total of 30 patients with abdominal TB were analysed. All diagnosed patients received anti-tubercular treatment and were followed up at 1 to 3 months of ATT.Results: The disease was common in both sexes. Most common symptoms were abdominal pain (93%), weight loss (83%), anorexia (68%). Most commonly observed signs were ascities (73.3%) abdominal distension and abdominal tenderness (43.3%) and lymphadenopathy (40%). Most of the patient were diagnosed via radiological and histo-pathological studies. Evidence of active pulmonary TB was present in nearly three fourth of patients. CB-NAAT was positive in 73% of the patients. Most common site of involvement was ileocecal region (36.9%). All patients had a good clinical response to ATT.Conclusions: The diagnosis of GI tuberculosis is often delayed. The onset usually is insidious with symptoms present for many months before diagnosis. A considerable number of patients can be diagnosed from common but non-specific clinical features (like fever, weight loss, altered bowel habit, Abdominal pain and distension). Laparoscopic examination is the Gold standard for diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis. Although AFB detection is difficult, a representative tissue biopsy and radiological findings are good method of diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis.
Comparative study of oral methotrexate and narrow band ultraviolet-B in chronic plaque psoriasis: a study from urban Karnataka
Authors: Sindhuri K. , Virupakshappa T. , Takalkar Anant A.
Published: February 2019

Background: Treatment of psoriasis continues to be a challenge. It is often frustrating experience for dermatologists. Methotrexate or PUVA or NBUVB when used properly, can produce good to excellent clinical benefit with minimal side effects. The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of oral methotrexate and NBUVB in the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis.

Methods: 100 patients of chronic plaque psoriasis attending the skin department of Navodaya Medical College and Hospital, Raichur from November 2012 to April 2014 were included in the study. Group A exhibited to Oral methotrexate and group B to NBUVB. Outcome was measured in terms of PASI 75 (it means 75% reduction in original PASI). Data was analysed using SPSS 19.0 version.

Results: In Group A mean age was 33.68 years and in Group B mean age 33.7 years. The difference in mean PASI at baseline, at 4 and 8 weeks using oral methotrexate as well as NBUVB was found to be highly significant (<0.001). PASI score was less in-group using methotrexate at 4 and 8 weeks interval (<0.05). Mean time taken for PASI 75 in the baseline PASI score in Group A was 9.62±1.3 weeks whereas in Group B it was 11.3±0.7 weeks. Side effects were higher in group B (60%) compared to group A (36%).

Conclusions: Improvement in the PASI score was best with methotrexate than NBUVB. The side effects observed in a methotrexate were minimal compared to NBUVB.
Mucocutaneous manifestations in newborn: a study from tertiary care centre, Karnataka
Authors: Virupakshappa T. , Sindhuri K. , Takalkar Anant A.
Published: February 2019

Background: The spectrum of dermatological manifestations in neonates varies from era to era and country to country. Skin lesions in neonatal period vary from transient self-limiting conditions to serious dermatoses, requiring specific therapies. Skin lesions are extremely common in newborns and can be a significant source of parental concern. The objective of the study was to study various mucocutaneous lesions in newborn babies.

Methods: The present descriptive cross sectional observational study was conducted in department of dermatology, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur. A total 500 neonates were included in the study from January 2012 to September 2013. Data collected and analysed by using SPSS 16.0 version.

Results: Prevalence of skin lesions in this study was found to be 97.4%. Maximum skin lesions were observed in 47 subjects (9.4%). Prevalence of Epstein pearls was 58%, Mongolian spots 53.6% and erythema toxicum neonatorum was 28%. Epstein pearls (males 60.2%, female 55.7%) and Mongolian spots (males 53.9%, females 53.3%) predominated.

Conclusions: Prevalence of mucocutaneous skin lesions in newborn babies was 97.4%. High prevalence of Epstein pearls (58%), Mongolian spots (53.6%) and erythema toxicum neonatorum (28.6%) were observed.
Apresentação: Bioética e ética na pesquisa social: dilemas e perspectivas
Authors: Silva Érica Quinaglia , Lionço Tatiana
Published: February 2019

Apresentação do dossiê
Mais vozes, mais éticas: possibilidades de ampliação do Sistema CEP/CONEP na perspectiva da participação de não especialistas
Authors: Do Nascimento Paulo Altemar Melo , Pereira Fabricio Moraes
Published: February 2019

O artigo discute a ampliação da participação de não-especialistas como possibilidade de mais vozes no Sistema CEP/CONEP, no processo de revisão ética das pesquisas em saúde e no âmbito das ciências humanas e sociais. A partir da análise de experiências de modelos ampliados de comitês de ética em pesquisa, tais como o europeu, propõe-se uma perspectiva de inclusão de leigos nos comitês, considerando a pluralidade de saberes e de valores no campo da ética como construção coletiva. Foi realizada revisão teórica sobre o tema, abordando inicialmente o contexto histórico do surgimento da bioética; em seguida, foram comparados os modelos americano, europeu e brasileiro. Finalizando, propõe-se a possibilidade de ampliação dos comitês como forma de construção coletiva do processo de revisão ética.
Por uma Bioética social, política e comprometida: contribuições da pesquisa social
Authors: Pereira Camila Claudiano Quina , Trindade Ronaldo
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir e argumentar sobre a relevância de se realizar pesquisas Bioéticas in loco, no território ou, mais precisamente, no cotidiano. Esta prática, comum nas ciências sociais, implica na necessidade da inserção do/a pesquisador/a no contexto de vida das pessoas, compartilhando de normas e expectativas no fluxo dos acontecimentos diários. Trata-se de uma prática comprometida, ética e politicamente, com o contexto com o qual se pretende lidar e, consequentemente, que se converta em benefícios para as pessoas que participam do estudo.
Ética na pesquisa antropológica: a vulnerabilidade dos participantes com transtornos mentais
Authors: Zell Flávia Siqueira Corrêa , Silva Érica Quinaglia
Published: February 2019

O histórico da regulamentação da ética em pesquisa nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil permite refletir sobre as diretrizes internacionais e nacionais e, particularmente, o Sistema CEP/Conep brasileiro. Embora os sistemas de revisão ética vigentes tenham relegado as contribuições das Ciências Humanas e Sociais, esse campo do conhecimento traz uma reflexão pertinente sobre o processo de obtenção do consentimento livre e esclarecido e as expressões da vulnerabilidade de participantes de pesquisas científicas. O exemplo das pessoas com transtornos mentais partícipes de estudos, ao remeter para as relações de poder existentes entre os ditos loucos e normais, bem como entre as pesquisas biomédica e social, possibilita aprofundar as concepções trazidas por regulamentações metadisciplinares e atentar para especificidades sócio-econômico-históricas de pessoas e/ou grupos de pessoas pertencentes a contextos diversos. O desafio está na busca de consensos na arena científica para que, assim, o debate sobre os cuidados éticos na pesquisa possa tropegamente avançar
Populações Tradicionais: Uma reflexão sobre a questão nutricional
Authors: Da Silva Simone Dora Silva , Dos Santos Regiane Padilha
Published: February 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo fomentar reflexões sobre a questão nutricional diante das especificidades das populações tradicionais da Amazônia brasileira. Para tal, discorremos sobre temáticas que norteiam o campo da bioética quanto à vulnerabilidade, ao processo de transição nutricional, ao direito humano à alimentação adequada, além das experiências de vivência acadêmica que nos conduziram a reflexões do tema
Proteção e Predação no Processo de Certificação Florestal da Castanha-do-Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro Magda Dos Santos
Published: February 2019

A partir da década de 90 empresas nacionais e transnacionais aproximaram-se de populações amazônicas para propor negócios e parcerias. Nesse contexto, a certificação florestal apareceu como um quesito muito desejável, senão imprescindível. Este artigo apresenta parte do processo de certificação florestal ocorrido dos castanhais da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável - RDS Iratapuru, Amapá, e reflete sobre suas implicações e efeitos. A etnografia busca oferecer uma reflexão tanto sobre entendimentos divergentes quanto sobre seus processos de estabilização, demonstrando que no decorrer do processo de certificação o conhecimento das populações extrativistas é cotejado ao conhecimento de engenheiros, técnicos ambientais e especialistas em manejo florestal. O artigo argumenta que embora a diferença entre os saberes envolvidos seja marcante, ela não obstrui a capacidade de comunicação e o movimento de ambos os modos de conhecer. Nesse sentido, a literatura antropológica sobre predação aparece como um modo análogo para compreender o conflito de pressupostos e seus possíveis arranjos
Adornos, contas e pingentes na foz do rio Amazonas: Estudo de Caso do sítio Curiaú Mirim I
Authors: Júnior Avelino Gambim , Carvalho Cláudia Rodrigues , Saldanha João Darcy De Moura , Cabral Mariana Petry
Published: February 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo oferecer uma possibilidade explanatória na interpretação de adornos arqueologicamente contextualizados através do conceito de corporalidade ameríndia e noções de pessoa. Neste intuito trago como estudo de caso o sítio Curiaú Mirim I, datado por volta do século X ao XVII AD. Esse sítio contém evidências de áreas de sepultamentos humanos e feições e estruturas possivelmente domésticas.  Através da observação de adornos encontrados em contextos funerários das Guianas e foz do rio Amazonas procurou-se, inspirado nas ideias da corporalidade ameríndia da etnologia amazônica, propor interpretações que dessem conta de significados como a construção de sociabilidades e identidades em vida e na morte até a corporalidade pós-morte vistas numa história indígena de longa duração
Redes de Sociabilidade no Residencial Viver Melhor - Manaus/AM
Authors: Do Carmo Edilson Paula
Published: February 2019

O presente trabalho etnográfico realizado no Residencial Viver Melhor – Manaus/AM, identificou as redes de sociabilidade e as estratégias dos moradores para se inserir no novo espaço físico de moradia distante dos amigos, parentes e vizinhos, deixados no centro e outros bairros da cidade. O manejo do local de moradia ocasionou uma ruptura no seu cotidiano, alterou suas formas de deslocamento pela cidade e as relações que haviam construído no seu entorno. A pesquisa focou também na precariedade dos serviços básicos necessários em decorrência da carência de creche e escola insuficientes para atender todas as demandas dos novos moradores, comércio irregular, ocupação das áreas de preservação e falta de segurança pública no novo espaço social, ocasionando problemas de várias ordens, inclusive para sua sociabilidade. O estudo chegou à conclusão que a transferência daqueles indivíduos para um espaço diferente no sentido cultural e simbólico, dificultou a sociabilidade e mesmo com a formação de novas redes de sociabilidade no local, não foram capazes de manter a mesma intensidade que havia antes. A sociabilidade prevalecente no novo espaço social hoje são as redes de grupos de mídias virtuais via internet, como o WhatsApp e Facebook
Escola e Comunidade Quilombola: Uma Interação Sociocultural por Meio Da Lei 10.639/03
Authors: Lima Marta Inês Ferreira , Gonçalves Silvandra Cardoso
Published: February 2019

Este artigo é fruto de um projeto de intervenção escolar como instrumento de transformação social dentro dos princípios determinados pela Lei 10.639/2003, desenvolvido na Universidade Federal do Pará, com o tema “Escola e Comunidade Quilombola: Uma Interação Sociocultural por meio da Lei 10.639/03”. Está relacionado ao questionamento de como promover a relação sociocultural dos alunos da rede pública de ensino, com as comunidades quilombolas situadas no entorno da região metropolitana de Belém, tendo como escopo a discussão e aplicabilidade da lei na Escola Bosque Prof. Eidorfe Moreira, localizada no distrito de Outeiro, e como interface a realidade da comunidade quilombola África e Laranjituba, localizada na região de Abaetetuba
Sobre currículos e saberes: os discursos que fabricam professores de Biologia
Authors: Bastos Sandra Nazaré Dias , Chaves Silvia Nogueira
Published: February 2019

O objetivo desse trabalho é problematizar como processos discursivos engendram modos de ser professor de Biologia. Nesse caminho, nossa atenção voltou-se para as práticas discursivas e não discursivas que veiculadas e institucionalizadas no currículo do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas do Campus de Bragança produzem o sujeito docente de Biologia. Tomamos como corpus empírico o Catálogo de Graduação e Pós Graduação do Centro de Ciências Biológicas da UFPA, documento que reúne planos de curso do currículo que vigorou entre 1997 e 2004. Nossas análises mostram um currículo basicamente voltado para a área da saúde, mesmo que se destinasse à formação de professores. A onipresença de conteúdos do campo da Medicina silenciam componentes da formação que se destinam à preparação para a docência, produzindo um campo de visão que enuncia a docência como efeito colateral da presumida boa formação “científica”. Os efeitos dessas práticas reverberam na formação de um profissional que deseja e valoriza conhecimentos específicos menorizando os demais saberes, especialmente os do campo pedagógico. Essa hierarquização fabrica um profissional professor desejoso de viver o lado “glamouroso” da Biologia, relacionado à realização de pesquisas em áreas específicas como Genética e Ecologia, em alternativa à vida “monótona” da sala de aula
Metáforas para interação discursiva no ensino de ciências
Authors: Silva Mariana Fernandes , Laburú Carlos Eduardo , Silva Osmar Henrique Moura da
Published: February 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o uso de metáforas para provocar e sustentar o processo discursivo dialógico e de autoridade no conteúdo de Ciências relacionado à preservação da água. Dada essa função às metáforas, observa-se a construção de significados dos estudantes a partir da alternância desses dois gêneros discursivos. A coleta de dados foi dividida em duas etapas, nas quais a primeira prevalece o discurso dialógico e a segunda com predominância do discurso de autoridade. Os resultados obtidos seguem analisados também nessas duas etapas, cujos desempenhos dos estudantes se mostram razoáveis na construção dos significados pretendidos quando auxiliada esta forma discursiva pelo de uso das metáforas aqui empregadas
As dimensões da argumentação no ensino de ciências em pesquisas de 2007 a 2017: um olhar para a caracterização e para as ferramentas metodológicas para estudar esta temática
Authors: Pezarini Agnaldo Ronie , Maciel Maria Delourdes
Published: February 2019

É de conhecimento da área acadêmica que o argumento no ensino de ciências apresenta seu viés na ação de entender e de relacionar dados e conclusões, de modo a de posse da habilidade de avaliar enunciados teóricos à luz dos dados empíricos ou procedentes de outras fontes, promover a construção da capacidade argumentativa. Neste contexto, este artigo tem por objetivo caracterizar nas pesquisas algumas de suas especificidades e, para tanto, realizamos um levantamento bibliográfico das produções acadêmicas de 2007 a 2017 e, elaboramos um estado da arte. A metodologia empregada neste caso foi a análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin 2006. Configuramos a temática frente as categorias: Ano de realização/publicação; Instituição de Ensino Superior de Origem; Disciplina da área da Ciência da Natureza; Ferramentas de Construção e Analítica da argumentação. Os resultados apontam que o Padrão de Toulmin é a ferramenta de construção e/ou analítica mais utilizada nas pesquisas e, há outras que ora se dedicam em agregar ao Padrão de Toulmin algumas ponderações ou agem totalmente de maneira contrária a ideologia desta ferramenta tendendo muitas vezes para a argumentação focada nas premissas do discurso, de qualquer forma fica claro que as ferramentas contribuem positivamente para a construção da argumentação.
Autoscopia de uma professora em formação continuada para a aprendizagem da filogenia
Authors: Klepka Verônica , Corazza Maria Julia
Published: February 2019

O trabalho tem como foco de estudo a formação continuada reflexiva de uma professora de Ciências e Biologia durante um curso voltado a aprendizagem da Sistemática Filogenética. A reflexão ocorreu posteriormente a uma aula simulada, resultado do comando solicitado aos participantes do curso sobre como trabalhariam a classificação biológica com sua turma. O objetivo foi identificar na autoscopia da professora indícios da reflexão caracterizada por Schön. Observamos que as reflexões retrospectivas sobre a reflexão para a ação foram mais significativas, pois demonstraram com clareza os momentos da reflexão-na-ação de planejamento da aula, momento individual que demonstrou ser de grande importância para a professora. Os pressupostos epistemológicos com relação à reflexão na e sobre a prática docente nos permitiram observar as aprendizagens da professora, seu desenvolvimento e suas escolhas, bem como as dificuldades encontradas antes e depois do exercício da prática docente quanto ao conteúdo de sistemática filogenética
Na pele de seda da criação - reescritura como tradução em Cobra Norato, de Raul Bopp
Authors: Macedo Sebastião Edson
Published: February 2019

Apresento uma leitura do continuado trabalho de reescritura que Raul Bopp conferiu à Cobra Norato, no qual faz a criação do poema mimetizar uma imagem do poema-rapisódico (“a pele de seda elástica”) como procedimento de auto-tradução lírica. Exploro o imagismo do poema, percorrendo possibilidades interpretativas sobre uma ética do olhar levada a cabo por um discurso poético que se anuncia “de olhos vendados” e “de corpo aberto”. Assim, a reescritura de Bopp permite conceber um trabalho de tradução de uma sensibilidade à materialidade discursiva que lhe serve de substrato, redundando, por sua vez, numa perspectiva do poeta moderno como mediador de corpos em heterodoxas zonas de contato cultural, como a Amazônia
A ficção de Milton Hatoum: recepção crítica
Authors: Da Silva Francisca Andrea Ribeiro , Trusen Sylvia Maria
Published: February 2019

A obra do escritor Milton Hatoum tem conquistado um número considerável de leitores nacionais e internacionais e suscitado muitas pesquisas. Diante disso, este estudo vem propor um levantamento do que críticos jornalísticos e literários vêm concebendo sobre o conjunto da ficção de Hatoum. Assim, pode-se notar uma receptividade positiva, pois tal autor tem sido visto, na maioria das perspectivas, como não regionalista , capaz de  por intermédio de elementos regionais abordar em suas narrativas assuntos de caráter universal, como os conflitos familiares, a miscigenação de etnias, os conflitos gerados pelo contato entre povos nativos e migrantes, culturas negociadas, a abordagem das relações entre as alteridades étnicas e de gênero, dentre outros aspectos. Logo, este trabalho traz as diversas visões sobre a obra hatouniana.
A mangueira na neve: a poesia de Age de Carvalho traduzida para o alemão por Curt Meyer-Clason
Authors: Sträter Thomas
Published: February 2019

Este artigo se detém no estudo comparativo da tradução de poemas de Age de Carvalho para o alemão, e de seus originais, realizada por Curt Meyer-Clason, e publicadas na edição bilíngue Sangue-Gesang, de 2006, na Alemanha, detendo-se na apresentação minuciosa do tradutor alemão e na análise dos problemas tradutórios por ele enfrentados. Através do estudo das escolhas realizadas e em cartas trocadas entre o poeta brasileiro e seu tradutor, o artigo acompanha o desenvolvimento de imagens, evocações e alusões da tradução em relação ao seu original e  como o Meyer-Clason põe em prática uma tradução literal que situa o leitor o mais próximo do texto-fonte.
Examination of cyberloafing studies in education: A content analysis
Authors: Karademir Tuğra , Gokcearslan Sahin
Published: February 2019

Mobile technologies are useful. However, several mobile technologies also have disadvantages for students besides their advantages. Cyberloafing is one of these critical situations that the students could experience. Several studies on cyberloafing were conducted worldwide. The present study aimed to analyse these studies based on variable frequency, workgroups, data collection instruments, research methods and distribution of studies among countries. This study aimed to evaluate the results of the publications found in the Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, ProQuest, Sage, Taylor and Francis databases with a search using ‘cyberloafing’ keyword and published between 2013 and March 2018. The present study would provide insight into existing studies and their shortcomings and it would also provide guidance for further research
PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG IKAN TERI (STOLEPHORUS COMMERSONII) DAN TEPUNG KACANG MERAH (VIGNA ANGULARIS) TERHADAP DAYA TERIMA DAN KANDUNGAN PROTEIN PIE MINI
[The Effect of Anchovy (Stolephorus commersonii) Flour and Red Beans (Vigna angularis) Flour Substitution toward Mini Pie Acceptance and Proteins Content]
Authors: Faroj Muhammad Nabil
Published: February 2019

Anchovy flour and red beans flour are food with high proteins and essential amino acid that could be processed into various foods such as mini pie which could become high-proteins snack. This research aimed to analyze the effect of anchovy flour and red beans flour substitution towards mini pie acceptance and protein content. The design of this formula development study was true experiment with completely randomized design. There were 4 types of treatment (substitution of anchovy flour and red beans flour) with 3 times of replication. There were 25 mothers of children under five involved as untrained panelists. The differences in acceptance level was analyzed by Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney test (α ≤ 0.05). The result of organoleptic tests showed the most preferred formula was F3 anchovy flour 62.5 g and red bean flour 15g. The highest increase in proteins content substitution per 100 g mini pie was F3 (9,6 g). There were significant differences between F0 with F1, F2, and F3 for all characteristics (colour p=0.000, aroma p=0.027, texture p=0.002, flavour p = 0.000). The best formula composition was F3 (substituted by anchovy flour 62.5 g and red bean flour 15 g). Mini pie modified by anchovy flour and red bean flour could be functioned as an alternative high protein snack for children under five years old.
Land Cover/Land Use Trends along the Blue Nile River Blue Nile State – Sudan
Authors: E.H. Osman , Y.S.A. Gumaa , A.M.H. Elhag
Published: February 2019

The study focused on quantifying the extent and sources of the deterioration of the vegetation cover of the study area at the Sudanese Blue Nile watershed in relation to agriculture extension policy, inefficient management and Lack of governmental policy. 

The Research was based on forest and vegetation inventory and soil analysis to determine the current situation using ground survey, forest inventory and remote sensing data as well as secondary information from other sources to cover historical records from 1990 to 2015.

The results showed a significant change in natural ecosystems during the study period due to the change in the land use patterns.  The Closed forests, open forests, and rural settlement areas were found to decrease by -90%, -43% and -32% respectively during the period (1990-2000). This negative trend was reflected in a positive trend showed by expansion in agriculture (+267%), horticulture (+73%), bare land (144%), and urban areas (12%).  During the period (2010-2015), which was the civil war period, the area of closed forests, open forests and urban areas were increased, in comparison to that of 1990-2000) by 201,10, and 247% respectively, while that of agriculture, Rural areas, and bare lands is negative (-51, -54 and -68% respectively).

The major factor for the change is mainly attributed to the migration of rural people towards urban areas due to civil war and economic crises. In addition, it is expected that there are other factors such as the absence of clear plans and coordination between concerned government authorities, at local and national levels, which may need further investigations and studies to clear the whole picture.
On the Translation of “Drinking Alone under the Moon” Based on the Harmony-Guided Criteria for Poetry Translation
Authors: Qian Yan , Feng Wang
Published: February 2019

Under Dr Wang Feng's Harmony-Guided Criteria for poetry translation, this paper attempts to conduct an analysis on four English versions of Li Bai's "Drinking Alone under the Moon" at three levels, exploring the gains and losses of each version and verifying the guiding role of the Harmony-Guided Criteria in poetry translation. It aims to provide some inspiration and reference for poetry translators and promote the dissemination of classic Chinese culture at the same time.
Аналитические таблицы для интуиционистского аналога FDE
Authors: Петрухин Я. И.
Published: February 2019

Н. Д. Белнап сформулировал релевантную логику первоуровневого следования $\textbf{FDE}$(First Degree Entailment), избегающую так называемых парадоксов классического следования: и . В $\textbf{FDE}$ рассматриваются формулы, главным знаком которых является импликация, антецедент и консеквент которой содержат только отрицание, дизъюнкцию и конъюнкцию. В связи с тем, что интуиционистское следование имеет те же парадоксы, что и классическое, возникла проблема построения интуиционистского аналога $\textbf{FDE}$, избегающего парадоксов интуиционистского следования. Я.В. Шрамко удалось решить эту проблему, построив логику $\bf IE_{fde}$. В $\bf IE_{fde}$ наряду с релевантной импликацией рассматривается интуиционистская, поскольку, в отличие от классической, она не выражается через отрицание, конъюнкцию и дизъюнкцию. Я. В. Шрамко сформулировал интуиционистскую версию разработанной Е. К. Войшвилло семантики обобщенных описаний состояний для $\textbf{FDE}$. В этой работе мы предлагаем адекватные аналитические таблицы в стиле М. Фиттинга для $\bf IE_{fde}$, опираясь на семантику этой логики, разработанную Я.В. Шрамко. Мы модифицируем аналитические таблицы М. Фиттинга для интуиционистской логики, добавив два новых типа отмеченных формул ($\overline{T}A$ (не-истинно $A$) и $\overline{F}A$ (не-ложно $A$)), правила редукции для них, адаптировав соответствующим образом определения, а также правила для $TA$ и $FA$. Множество отмеченных формул $ S $ называется замкнутым, если оно одновременно содержит отмеченные формулы вида $ TA $ и $ \overline{T}A $ или $ FA $ и $ \overline{F}A $. Замкнутая таблица для $ \{TA, \overline{T}B\} $ называется доказательством формулы $A\rightarrow B $. В тех правилах, в которых в интуиционистской логике вычеркиваются отмеченные формулы вида $FA$, в $\bf IE_{fde}$ вычеркиваются также отмеченные формулы вида $\overline{T}A$. Кроме того, построенные нами аналитические таблицы для $\bf IE_{fde}$ являются разрешающей процедурой для этой логики. DOI: 10.21146/2074-1472-2018-24-2-116-122
Использование нефинитных методов в исследовании взаимосвязи форм логического исчисления на основе оценки
Authors: Титов А. В.
Published: February 2019

Рассматривается подход к изучению взаимозависимости различных типов логического исчисления, основанный на исследовании оценки как морфизма, сохраняющего структуру из алгебры формул в структуру, на которой принимает значение их оценка.

В настоящее время применение неклассических логик в математике ограничено. Однако постоянно растущие и изменяющиеся требования к математическому аппарату, применяемому в формальных моделях сложных объектов и процессов, могут существенно изменить это положение и привести к развитию математических теорий, основанных на использовании различных видов неклассической логики.

Исследование взаимосвязи различных типов логического исчисления на основе рассмотрения оценки связано с привлечением нефинитных методов теории структур, к которым можно отнести методы обобщенного нестандартного анализа как раздела теории категорий.

Это направление можно отнести к семантическому подходу к исследованию типов формальной логики на основе исследования оценки и отнести к исследованию взаимодействия синтаксиса и семантики, заявленному в работах Линдона.

Развитие подхода к исследованию типов формальной логики на основе использования нефинитных методов обобщенного нестандартного анализа позволяет рассматривать множество формул алгебры логики с введенным на нем отношением эквивалентности как фактор-алгебру с определенной структурой.

Применение методов, использующих современные математические теории, позволяет выявить математическую структуру формальной логики и проследить взаимосвязь различных видов логических исчислений, другими словами, выявить математическое содержание рассматриваемого вида логического исчисления.

Обоснованность использования нефинитных методов в логических исследованиях обусловлена тем, что метаматематика – теория, изучающая формализованные математические теории. Формализованная теория – множество конечных последовательностей символов (формул и термов) и множество операций над этими последовательностями. Операции заменяют элементарные шаги дедукции в математических рассуждениях. В такой постановке математическая логика (метаматематика) сама становится разделом математики. Т.е. сама логика в такой постановке становится объектом математического исследования.

Рассматриваемый подход, позволяет рассматривать формальную логику как динамическую систему, развитие которой заключается в раскрытии системы частных типов логического исчисления, для описания которого предлагается использовать нефинитные методы обобщенного нестандартного анализа. DOI: 10.21146/2074-1472-2018-24-2-129-136
Слабое отношение следования между $\lambda$-термами
Authors: Шалак В. И.
Published: February 2019

Язык $\lambda $-исчисления находит широкое применение для решения задач в логике, информатике, лингвистике и искусственном интеллекте. Само $ \lambda $-исчисление строится вокруг базисного отношения между термами, которое называется $ \beta $-редукцией. В предлагаемом докладе для типизированного в смысле Карри $ \lambda $-исчисления формулируется более слабое отношение между термами, которое может как иметь самостоятельное значение, так и позволить установить более тонкие связи между логикой и $ \lambda $-исчислением. Основная идея заключается в том, что при приписывании терму X типа $ \alpha $ относительно контекста $ \varGamma $, что записывается в виде $ \varGamma \vdash X:\alpha $, понятие контекста играет роль, аналогичную понятию модели в логике. Если в логике выражение $ M \vDash A $ означает, что формула $ A $ истинна в модели $ M $, то в типизированном $\lambda $-исчислении выражение $ \varGamma \vdash X:\alpha $ означает, что в контексте $ \varGamma $ терму $ X $ приписан тип $ \alpha $, и этот терм имеет значение, которое может быть вычислено. В логике отношение следования между формулами $ A $ и $ B $ определяют как $ A\vDash B \Leftrightarrow \forall M(M\vDash A \Rightarrow M\vDash B) $. Если перенести эту схему в $ \lambda $-исчисление, то отношение $ \lambda $-следования между темами может быть определено как $ X \vDash _{\lambda} Y \Leftrightarrow \forall \varGamma \in Ctx [\exists\alpha(\varGamma \vdash X:\alpha) \Rightarrow \exists\beta(\varGamma \vdash Y:\beta)] $. Смысл этого отношения заключается в том, что в каждом контексте, в котором терму $ X $ может быть приписан некоторый тип, терму $ Y $ также может быть приписан некоторый тип. Иными словами, если вычислима функция, представленная термом $ X $, то вычислима функция, представленная термом $ Y $. Отношение $ \lambda $-следования обладает многими свойствами, присущими классическому отношению следования между формулами логики, а также рядом новых свойств, характерных для $ \lambda $-исчисления с типами. DOI: 10.21146/2074-1472-2018-24-2-151-157
Can Gas Permeability of Fractured Shale Be Determined Accurately by Testing Core Plugs, Drill Cuttings, and Crushed Samples?
Authors: Civan F..
Published: February 2019

Determining the nanodarcy gas permeability and other parameters of naturally and hydraulically induced fractured shale formations by testing the pressure transmission of core plugs, drill cuttings, and crushed samples is discussed. The author reviewed and modified the available methods for interpreting pressure tests with an emphasis on the differences between intrinsic and apparent permeability, and the generally overlooked temperature effects. It is significant to note that the temperature of gas varies during transport through porous rock samples and various dead-volumes when testing equipment used for permeability measurement is involved; this is because of unavoidable viscous dissipation and Joule-Thomson effects. Improved formulations and analysis methods that honor the relevant physics of gas transport and interactions with shale are presented, for both the generally assumed isothermal conditions and the realistic case of nonisothermal conditions. These improved formulations provide valuable insights when comparing and evaluating the currently available equations used for permeability calculations with the experimental data obtained by various testing methods. Better design and analysis of experiments for simultaneously determining several unknown parameters that impact the transport calculations, including deformation, adsorption, diffusion, viscous dissipation, Joule-Thomson effect, and deviation from Darcy flow, are described. It is recommended that the permeability and other parameters of shale samples be determined by simultaneous analysis of multiple pressure tests conducted under different conditions to accommodate temporally and spatially variable conditions by consideration of the temperature effect. The inherent limitations of the methods that rely on analytical solutions of the diffusivity equation on the basis of Darcy's law are also explained.
Correlation and variation of cuff inflating volumes and pressures in the adult laryngeal masks: a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Ruananukun Narut , Watcharotayangul Jittiya , Jeeranukosol Suchaya , Komonhirun Rojnarin
Published: February 2019

Background: Hyperinflation of laryngeal mask cuffs may carry the risk of airway complications. The manufacturer recommends inflating cuff until the intracuff pressure reaches 60 cmH2O, or inflate with the volume of air to not exceed the maximum recommended volume. We prospectively assessed the correlation of cuff inflating volumes and pressures, and the appropriated the cuff inflating volumes to generate an intracuff pressure of 60 cmH2O in the adult laryngeal masks from different manufacturers.
Methods: Two groups of eighty patients requiring laryngeal mask size 3 and 4 during general anesthesia were randomized into 4 subgroups for each size of the laryngeal mask: Soft Seal® (Portex®), AuraOnceTM (Ambu®), LMA-ClassicTM (Teleflex®) and LMA-ProSealTM (Teleflex®). After insertion, the cuff was inflated with 5-ml increments of air up to the maximum recommended volume. After each 5-ml intracuff pressure was measured, the volume of air that generated the intracuff pressure of 60 cmH2O was recorded.
Results: Mean(SD) volume of air required to achieve the intracuff pressure of 60 cmH2O in Soft Seal®, AuraOnceTM, LMA-ClassicTM, LMA-ProSealTM laryngeal mask size 3 were 11.80(1.88), 9.20(1.88), 8.95(1.50) and 13.50(2.48) ml, respectively, and these volumes in laryngeal mask size 4 were 14.45(4.12), 12.55(1.85), 11.30(1.95) and 18.20(3.47) ml, respectively. The maximum recommended volume resulted in high intracuff pressures (>60 cmH2O) in all laryngeal mask types and sizes studied.
Conclusion: Approximately half of the maximum recommended volume is required to achieve the intracuff pressure of 60 cmH2O except LMA-ProSealTM which required two-thirds of the maximum recommended volume.
Trial Registration: Thai Clinical Trials Registry, TCTR20150602001, May 28, 2015.
Keywords: Laryngeal mask, cuff inflating volume, intracuff pressure.