bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diacerein Versus Chondroitin Sulfate in Treatment of Adult Kashin-Beck Disease: An Intervention Trial in Heilongjiang Province, China
Authors: Wu Xianhao , Cheng Luyang , Jia Jinjing , Song Shili , Shi Tongkun , Wang Fenghua , Zhang Xin , Jiao Zhe , Sun Liyan
Published: January 2022

Background: Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a special type of osteoarthritis and has disabled and stunted the growth of hundreds of people in China. It also can affect patients' ability to work and live. So, how to conduct effective treatment for adult KBD patients has become a major public health problem in current KBD endemic areas. In this trial, therapeutic effects of diacerein and chondroitin sulfate on adult KBD was to evaluate and compare so that we can screen out more suitable drug. Methods: 308 KBD patients were divided into two groups and received chondroitin sulphate (Group A) and diacerein (Group B) for 24 weeks, respectively. Data were collected at 0 week (baseline), 12 weeks (primary end point) and 24 weeks (secondary end point) to calculate the proportion of patients with effective therapeutic effect and overall improvement rate (primary efficacy parameters), WOMAC pain and stiffness scores (secondary efficacy parameters). Blood sample was collected to measure liver and renal function indexes. All indexes and parameters were analysed with SPSS software and intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis was applied. Results: Two primary efficacy parameters in group B at primary end point were significantly higher than those in group A (P=0.021, P=0.007), but no statistical differences were seen in these two primary efficacy parameters between two groups at secondary end point or between primary and secondary end points in same group (all P>0.05). In both groups, with the prolongation of treatment time, WOMAC pain and stiffness scores decreased significantly (all P<0.001), but no significant differences were seen between primary and secondary end points (all P>0.05). In addition, in both groups, the occurrences of total adverse events were relatively low and no side effect on liver function was seen. Diacerein also had no side effect on renal function. Conclusion: For treatment of adult KBD, both diacerein and chondroitin sulfate were effective, and diacerein might work stronger than chondroitin sulfate. Taking into account both efficacy and safety, the optimal intervention time of diacerein was 12 weeks. Trial registration: The trial was registered complementally on 31/10/2020, and the registration number in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry is ChiCTR2000039600 (http://www.chictr.org.cn).
Benzimidazole and Aminoalcohol Derivatives Show in Vitro Anthelmintic Activity Against Trichuris Muris and Heligmosomoides Polygyrus
Authors: Valderas-García Elora , Häberli Cécile , Bardón María Álvarez , Escala Nerea , de Agüero Verónica Castilla Gómez , Vega Jennifer de la , Olmo Esther del , Balaña-Fouce Rafael , Keiser Jennifer , Martínez-Valladares María
Published: January 2022

Background: Infections by gastrointestinal nematodes cause significant economic losses and disease in both human and animals worldwide. The discovery of novel anthelmintic drugs is a crucial point in maintaining control of these parasitic infections.Methods: For this purpose, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential anthelmintic activity of three series of compounds against the gastrointestinal nematodes Trichuris muris and Heligmosomoides polygyrusin vitro. The compounds tested are derivatives of benzimidazole, lipidic aminoalcohols and diamines. A primary screening was performed to select those compounds with an ability to inhibit T. muris L1 motility by more than 90% at a single concentration of 100 µM, and then, their respective IC50s were calculated. Those compounds with IC50 lower than 10 µM were also tested against the adult stage of T. muris and H. polygyrus at a single concentration of 10µM.Results: Of the 41 initial compounds screened, only compounds AO14, BZ6 and BZ12 had IC50s lower than 10 µM on T. muris L1 assay, showing IC50 values of 3.30, 8.89 and 4.17 µM, respectively. However, only two of them displayed activity against the adult stage of the parasites: BZ12 killed 81% of adults of T. muris (IC50 of 8.1 µM) and 53% of H. polygyrus while BZ6 killed 100% of H. polygyrus adults (IC50 of 5.3 µM) but only 17% of T. muris. Conclusions: BZ6 and BZ12 could be considered as potential candidates for further in vivo efficacy testing.
Application of Multivariate Techniques for Spatial Drought Modelling using Satellite Rainfall Estimate in Fiji
Authors: Anshuka Anshuka , Buzacott Alexander JV , Ogtrop Floris van
Published: January 2022

Monitoring hydrological extremes is essential for developing risk-mitigation strategies. One of the limiting factors for this is the absence of reliable on the ground monitoring networks that capture data on climate variables, which is highly evident in developing states such as Fiji. Fortunately, increasing global coverage of satellite-derived datasets is facilitating utilisation of this information for monitoring dry and wet periods in data sparse regions. In this study, three global satellite rainfall datasets (CHIRPS, PERSIANN-CDR and CPC) were evaluated for Fiji. All satellite products had reasonable correlations with station data, and CPC had the highest correlation with minimum error values. The Effective Drought Index (EDI), a useful index for understanding hydrological extremes, was then calculated. Thereafter, a canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was employed to forecast the EDI using sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTa) data. A high canonical correlation of 0.98 was achieved between the PCs of mean SST and mean EDI, showing the influence of ocean–atmospheric interactions on precipitation regimes in Fiji. CCA was used to perform a hind cast and a short-term forecast. The training stage produced a coefficient of determinant (R2) value of 0.83 and mean square error (MSE) of 0.11. The results in the testing stage for the forecast were more modest, with an R2 of 0.45 and MSE of 0.26. This easy-to-implement system can be a useful tool used by disaster management bodies to aid in enacting water restrictions, providing aid, and making informed agronomic decisions such as planting dates or extents.
Small Bowel Internal Herniation through Acquired Defect of Vesicouterine Pouch- A Late Complication following Oophorectomy
Authors: Appalasamy Thayalan Rao , Fahmy Fahrol , Huei Tan Jih , Shafiza Aina , Azmah Tuan Nur
Published: January 2022

Hollow viscus herniation through a defect between vesicouterine pouch following previous pelvis surgery is exceedingly rare. There was only 1 similar case reported in the English literature. In this current report, we describe a 84-year-old woman presented with lower abdominal pain. She had a history of previous gynecology surgery. Computed tomography of abdomen showed small bowel obstruction with transition zone at the pelvis. Laparotomy revealed small bowel loops trapped in the vesico-uterine space via a narrow defect about 1.5cm. The detailed clinical summary and operative management are described in the report.
Effects of thermal treatment on the characteristics quality of some Ghanaian vegetable oils (palm, coconut and groundnut)
Authors: Ngala Robert A , Ameyaw Evans Owusu , Berkoh Dorice , Barimah John , Koffie Simon
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Vegetable oils contain natural antioxidants and other properties reported to impart anti-diabetic properties when consumed, in animal study. In humans however, these oils are subjected to high temperatures during cooking before consumption. High temperature tends to affect the characteristic quality and potential to impart on health benefits such as antidiabetic properties. The objective of this work was to determine the characteristics quality of vegetable oils after thermal treatment that equates to temperatures oils are subjected to during food processing/cooking.Methodology: Three portions of 200g of each fresh unrefined red palm oil, coconut oil and groundnut oils in three conical flasks T1, T2 and T3 were heated to room temperature 28oC (T1) to 100o C in boiling water (T2) and to 200o C in electric cooker oven (T3) for 10 minutes. Acid, iodine, peroxide, saponification, unsaponification values of the oils, Phytoconstituents (Flavanoids, polyphenols saponins etc) and antioxidant (Vitamin A&C) and DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) Radical Scavenging Activity were then determined after cooling to room temperature. Results: Coconut oil heated to 200˚C had the least Acid value of 2.89±0.135 whiles Palm oil heated to 100 ˚C had the highest value of 19.57±0.165. There were no peroxides formed in Coconut and Palm oils at 28 ˚C as well as Palm oil at 100 ˚C. However, peroxides were highest in Coconut oil at 200˚C with value of 15.28±2.315. Saponification value of groundnut oil at 28 ˚C was the least at 89.52 ± 2.18 and 296.57±1.045 the highest in coconut oil at 200 ˚C. Heating however increased the unsaponifiable matter in all the vegetable oils used. Total antioxidant capacity was not significantly changed across the temperature treatment. Total phenolic content was not significantly changed for palm oil but was significantly increased at 100C for coconut and groundnut oilsConclusion: The quality of the oils in terms of acid value, iodine vale, peroxide value and saponification value, total antioxidant and phenolic content were retained after one heat treatment. This implies the quality of the oils are maintained after a single heating. The oils may still retain antidiabetic property when consumed after processing.
Complete wastewater discoloration by a novel peroxidase source with promising bioxidative properties
Authors: Klanovicz Natalia , Stefanski Fábio Spitza , Camargo Aline Frumi , Michelon William , Treichel Helen , Teixeira Antonio Carlos Silva Costa
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND
Our study aimed to characterize and prospect immobilization strategies for a novel fungal peroxidase - POD (EC 1.11.1.7) and to insert it in the context of pollutant remediation, since these compounds pose risks to human and environmental health. The enzymatic extract was obtained by submerged fermentation of the fungus Trichoderma koningiopsis in an alternative substrate, consisting of fresh microalgal biomass. The immobilization efficiency was evaluated by monitoring the residual activity (RA) and the discoloration potential (DP) of a synthetic dye solution. Concomitantly, the catalytic properties of free POD were explored, and the most promising storage strategy to maintain the enzymatic activity was studied.
RESULTS
The novel guaiacol peroxidase expressed specific activity of up to 7801 U mg−1 in the free form, showing stability when subjected to up to 80°C in a pH range between 4.0-8.0. Furthermore, the bioproduct immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles expressed up to 689% RA and 100% DP. An increase in the RA of the enzyme, both in free and immobilized form, was also observed after storage for up to 8 months. The synthesized magnetic nanozymes showed good reusability, maintaining 13546 U mg−1 after ten cycles and removing 94% of color in a second batch. Toxicological evaluation with Allium cepa indicated that the enzymatic process of color removal with immobilized POD was essential to eliminate genotoxic effects.
CONCLUSION
T. koningiopsis peroxidase production and immobilization presented in our work are promising for the enzyme market and for the wastewater treatment technologies, considering its high bioxidative potential.
Role of Urban Agriculture for Livelihood Improvement, Waste Management and Greening in Case of Hawassa City
Authors: Gelgelo Gezehagn Gesese , Teshome Fiseha Bekele , Owato Zewdie Lemma
Published: January 2022

Background: Urban agriculture is one of the strategies to enhance the livelihood of the urban community, ensure food security and nutrition. Despite, the increasing development of the practice in Hawaassa city, its environmental and societal perspectives had been neglected. Moreover, the increase in urbanization due to several social-economic reasons has become a challenge for urban agriculture practices. Methodology: This study was aimed at investigating the roles of urban agriculture on livelihood improvement, waste management, and urban greening. A purposive random sampling technique was employed to select sample households. Besides questionnaire surveys and key informant interviews were used to elicit necessary information while literature analysis supplemented the data. Result: It was found that urban agriculture in the study area is maintaining the cultural experience of the local society, generating income, and introducing saving habits. It has also improved the esthetic value of the city via utilization of the organic waste. Hence, urban agriculture in the city is compatible with urban job creation, price adjustment, and provision of a green urban environment. Conclusion: Urban agricultural practices should keep the phase of increasing urbanization in the study area.
Armstrong's Resource-Egalitarianism Theory and Attachment
Authors: Moore Margaret
Published: January 2022

The paper analyses the interrelationship between Armstrong’s egalitarian theory and his treatment of the ‘attachment theory’ of resources, which is the dominant rival theory of resources that his theory is pitched against. On Armstrong’s theory, egalitarianism operates as a default position, from which special claims would need to be justified, but he also claims to be able to incorporate 'attachment' into his theory. The general question explored in the paper is the extent to which ‘attachment’ claims can be ‘married’ to an egalitarian theory. The more specific argument is that a properly constrained attachment theory is more plausible than Armstrong’s egalitarian theory. It also criticizes attachment and improvement accounts as justifying permanent sovereignty over resources. The paper argues that neither of those arguments aim to justify the international doctrine of permanent sovereignty.
History of Controlled Environment Horticulture: Greenhouses
Authors: Nemali Krishna
Published: January 2022

Modern greenhouses are intensive farming systems designed to achieve high efficiency and productivity. Plants are produced year-round in greenhouses by maintaining the environment at or near optimum levels regardless of extreme weather conditions. Many scientific discoveries and technological advancements that happened in the past two centuries paved the way for current state-of-the-art greenhouses. These include, but are not limited to, advancements in climate-specific structural designs and glazing materials, and temperature control, artificial lighting, and hydroponic production systems. Greenhouse structures can be broadly grouped into four distinct designs, including tall Venlo greenhouses of the Netherlands, passive solar greenhouses of China, low-cost Parral greenhouses of the Mediterranean region, and gutter-connected polyethylene houses of India and African countries. These designs were developed to suit local climatic conditions and maximize the return on investment. Although glass and rigid plastic options are available for glazing, the development of low-cost and lightweight plastic glazing materials (e.g., polyethylene) enabled widespread growth of the greenhouse industry in the developing world. For temperate regions, supplemental lighting technology is crucial for year-round production. This heavily relies on advancements in electro-lighting during the 19th and 20th centuries. The development of hydroponic production systems for the controlled delivery of nutrients further enhanced crop productivity. This article addresses important historical events, scientific discoveries, and technological improvements related to advancements in these areas.
History of Controlled Environment Horticulture: Ancient Origins
Authors: Janick Jules , Paris Harry
Published: January 2022

In the first century CE, two Roman agricultural writers, Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella and Gaius Plinius Secundus (Pliny the Elder), referred to proto-greenhouses (specularia) constructed for the Emperor Tiberius (42 BCE–37 CE) presumably adjacent to his palace, the Villa Jovis on the Isle of Capri. Pliny stated in Historia Naturalis (Book 19, 23:64) that the specularia consisted of beds mounted on wheels that were moved into the sun, and on wintry days withdrawn under the cover of frames glazed with transparent stone (lapis specularis) to provide fruits of cucumis. According to Pliny, this was “a delicacy for which the Emperor Tiberius, had a remarkable partiality; in fact there was never a day on which he was not supplied it.” The cucumis fruits described by Columella and Pliny, long mistranslated as cucumbers, Cucumis sativus, were in fact long-fruited melons, Cucumis melo subsp. melo Flexuosus Group. They are known today as vegetable melons, snake melons, and faqqous, and were highly esteemed in Rome and ancient Israel.
A new criterion of asymptotic stability for Hopfield neural networks with time-varying delay
Authors: Guo Weiru , Liu Fang
Published: January 2022

The objective of this paper is to analyze the stability of Hopfield neural networks with time-varying delay. For the system to operate in a steady state, it is important to guarantee the stability of Hopfield neural networks with time-varying delay. The Lyapunov-Krasovsky functional method is the main method for investigating the stability of time-delayed systems. On the basis of this method, the stability of Hopfield neural networks with time-varying delay is ana-lysed. It is known that due to such factors as communication time, limited switching speed of various active devices, time delays often arise in various technical systems, which significantly degrade the performance of the system, which can in turn lead to a complete loss of stability. In this regard, a Lyapunov-Krasovsky type delay-product functional was con-structed in the paper, which allows more information about the time delay and reduces the conservatism of the method. Then a generalized integral inequality based on the free matrix was used. A new criterion for asymptotic stability of Hop-field neural networks with time-varying delay, which has less conservatism, was formulated. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated. Thus an asymptotic stability criterion for Hopfield neural networks with time-varying delay was formulated and justified. The expanded Lyapunov-Krasovsky functional is constructed on the basis of delay and quadratic multiplicative functional, and the derivative of the functional is defined by a matrix integral inequality with free weights. The effectiveness of the method is illustrated by a model example.
Determination of average relative capital investment of 30–125 MW combined-cycle plants commissioned at Russian thermal power plants in 2015–2020. Comparative analysis with data obtained in 2010–2014
Authors: Stepanova E. L. , Ovchinnikov A. P.
Published: January 2022

The present work examines average relative capital investment and fuel consumption for electric and thermal energy supply of the combined-cycle plants having 30–125 MW gas turbines commissioned at Russian thermal power plants in 2015–2020. In this work, we used general calculation methods of average relative capital investments and fuel consumption for the electrical and thermal energy supply using power equipment of thermal power plants. To assess the scope of commissioning gas turbines incorporated into the combined-cycle plants, they were classified into three groups by electrical power: 30–59 MW, 60–99 MW and 100–125 MW. The scope of commissioning gas turbines incorporated into the Russian combined-cycle plants in 2015–2020 was analysed. The average relative capital invest-ment in combined-cycle plants having 30–125 MW gas turbines, as well as the average specific fuel consumption for the electrical and thermal energy supply, were calculated. The calculations were carried out for each part of combined-cycle plants integrated into thermal power plants with a breakdown by seven Unified Energy Systems of Russia. The quantita-tive commissioning of gas turbines is compared for the periods from 2010 to the economic crisis of 2014 and after 2014 to the present: a ~2.5-fold decrease is demonstrated. A preliminary evaluation of the increase in average relative capital investment in combined-cycle plants having gas turbines of the same electric power was performed.
Thermodynamic modelling of roasting of molybdenum sulphide concentrate with calcium hydroxide
Authors: Aleshin D. S. , Krasheninin A. G. , Zaitseva P. V. , Tanutrov I. N.
Published: January 2022

This work aims to determine the conditions for the CaMoO4, CaSO4, Ca(ReO4)2 formation during oxidation of MoS2 and ReS2 in the presence of Ca(ОН)2. The concentrate from the Yuzhno-Shameyskoye deposit in the Sverdlovsk region, having 37% wt. Мо and 0.005% wt. Re, was selected as a feedstock for thermodynamic modelling of sweet roasting in the presence of Ca(OH)2. To determine the optimal amount of calcium-containing additives, the thermodynamic modelling was carried out using the following mass ratios: molybdenum concentrate: Ca(OH)2 = 1:0.8, 1:1, 1:1.2 and 1:1.5 in the temperature range of 100–800°С, with a step of 100°С, system pressure of 0.1 MPa in the air (molar ratio: molybdenum concentrate + Ca(OH)2: air = 1:5). The content of all sample components in moles was entered into the HSC 6.1 software package. The main reactions associated with the sweet roasting of molybdenum concentrate in the presence of calcium hydroxide were shown. It was established that the main phases formed as a result of roasting comprise CaSO4, CaSO3, MoO3, CaMoO4, CaMoO3 and CaReO4. The effect of temperature on the formation of the main gaseous products was studied under different mass ratios of molybdenum concentrate and Ca(OH)2. It was found that up to 600°C, with molybdenum concentrate to Ca(OH)2 ratio of 1:1, the concentrations of released sulphurous anhydride are lower than the maximum permissible concentrations. The calculated thermodynamic data was used for modelling the roasting process of molybdenum concentrate with calcium hydroxide. An optimal ratio necessary for the successful process operation was established: molybdenum concentrate: Ca(OH)2 = 1:1 by weight. Thermodynamic modelling showed that, in the temperature range of 100–600°С when using Ca(OH)2, no rhenium and molybdenum loss is observed, the release of sulfur is less than 10 mg/m3.
Current state of steelmaking slag processing
Authors: Belskii S. S. , Zaitseva A. A. , Tyutrin A. A. , Ismoilov Z. Z. , Baranov A. N. , Sokolnikova Yu. V.
Published: January 2022

In the present work, the properties and composition of steelmaking slag are assessed by analysing existing processing methods, including desulfurisation and dephosphorisation. The atomic absorption and optical emission methods were used to study the chemical composition of slag samples, and metallographic analysis was used to study their microstructure. Major approaches to processing slags applied in Russia and abroad were studied. It was shown that steelmaking slags are neutralised and treated by various methods and subsequently applied in construction and road industries, while the obtained phosphorus-containing products are used in agriculture instead of superphosphate. In addition, these products reduce lime consumption and improve slag formation in steelmaking. The key factor hampering reusing electric steelmaking and converter slags for metal refining is shown to be the presence of phosphorus. The chemical composition of slag samples from the electric steelmaking production was analysed; the iron content amounted to 33.2 wt%, calcium – 19.15 wt%, phosphorus – 0.33 wt% and silicon – 5.39 wt%. Iron is present in the oxidised form (FeO, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4), silicon and calcium in the form of dicalcium silicate (2CaO ∙ SiO2 ), phosphorus in the form of calcium silicophosphate having complex composition – Ca2(SiO4)6(Ca3(PO4)2. Phosphorus is fed to the melting units with gangue minerals, agglomerate, ore and fluxes. When the slags are reused, phosphorus returns to the metal, thus contaminating the final product. Possible methods for extracting phosphorus from steelmaking slags include magnetic and electrostatic separation, gravity and flotation concentration, as well as hydrometallurgical processing.
Precision resection of pulmonary tuberculoma using Nd:YAG-laser
Authors: Dyachkov I. A. , Motus I. Ya. , Bazhenov A. V. , Skornyakov S. N. , Berdnikov R. B.
Published: January 2022

The objective of the study: a comparative study of immediate and long-term results of pulmonary tuberculoma precision resection with Nd:YAG-laser with a wavelength of 1,318 nm and atypical resection with suturing devices.

Subjects and Methods. Two groups of 58 patients each were compared. The groups were comparable in terms of gender, age, the nature of the concomitant pathology and the main pathological process. In Group I, patients were operated on using precision 1,318-nm Nd:YAG-laser resection, and in Group II, the sublobar resection with suturing devices were used.

Results. The mean duration of hospital stay in Groups I and II was 19.10 ± 6.02 and 19.20 ± 6.02 days respectively (p > 0.05), the duration of surgery made 65 [55; 75] and 55 [45; 60] minutes (p > 0.05), the mean volume of surgical blood loss was 50 [33; 70] and 70 [50; 165] ml (p > 0.05), and the mean duration of pleural cavity drainage after surgery was 4 [3; 5] and 4 [3; 6] days (p > 0.05). Statistically significant differences were noted in the mean volume of the resected part of the lung: 14.0 ± 7.4 mm3 in Group I versus 95.0 ± 9.7 mm3 in Group II (p ≤ 0.05). The complete clinical and radiological cure was achieved in 70% of patients in Group I and 82% in Group II. According to MSCT data, in 91.6% of cases, a thin linear scar is formed in the area of precision intervention.

Conclusion: The surgical methods are comparable in terms of immediate and long-term results but precision laser resection minimizes the removal of intact tissue during the removal of tuberculomas.
Tuberculosis situation among the pediatric population of Saratov Region (2015-2019)
Authors: Aleksandrova E. N. , Morozova T. I. , Salina T. Yu.
Published: January 2022

Subjects and Methods. Incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis among children and adolescents in Saratov Region were retrospectively analyzed for 2015-2019.

Results. The incidence of tuberculosis in children reflects general trends in the epidemic situation over the years in Saratov Region. In this region during 10 years of monitoring, tuberculosis incidence among children decreased 4 times by 2019 and it made 2.3 per 100,000 population, and among adolescents, it decreased 1.6 times (16.3 per 100,000 population). The number of children with post-tuberculosis changes detected for the first time increased 3 times in 2019 versus 2015, and the number of adolescents increased 4.5 times not only due to transition to tuberculosis screening in children aged 8-17 years old by skin test with tuberculosis recombinant allergen but also to the examination of children by computed tomography. The incidence in children followed up as Group IVA in 2019 was 15 times higher than this rate in the overall pediatric population. Analysis of the number of children and adolescents who developed tuberculosis and followed up as Groups IV and VI in 2015-2019 showed that the number of children ill with tuberculosis in Group IV was 3 times higher than the number of children in Group VI.
Pulmonary abscess as a complication of COVID-19 associated pneumonia: a clinical case
Authors: Kalenchits T. I. , Kabak S. L. , Primak S. V. , Shirinaliev N. M.
Published: January 2022

The article describes a case of polysegmental destructive viral-bacterial pneumonia complicated with acute pulmonary abscess, pleural empyema, and pneumopleurofibrosis in a 50-year-old female patient infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The first clinical, laboratory and radiological signs of purulent-necrotic inflammation appeared only 20 days after receiving a positive RT-PCR test result with a nasopharyngeal swab. A month later, an emerging abscess in the lower lobe of the right lung was diagnosed. Subsequently, it spontaneously drained into the pleural cavity.

Coagulopathy with the formation of microthrombi in small pulmonary vessels is one of the causative factors of lung abscess in patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Design of IIoT device to parse data directly to scada systems using LoRa physical layer
Authors: Maharaj Robin , Balyan Vipin , Kahn Mohammed Tariq
Published: January 2022

With the advent of the 4th Industrial revolution and the need to improve productivity levels, there is an increasing need for data analytics. Techniques should be pursued to extend the range of sensors both to Local systems and to remote systems. In this paper, the proof of concept is implemented on an STM34F4 development board to realise the performance of two wireless technologies to extend the range of sensor connectivity to a local process control system. The technologies investigated are physical layer LoRa nodes, nrf2401l (a 2.4 GHz radio module), 4 to 20 mA Converters together with protocol wrappers and interfaces to enhance the data value chain in a legacy process control system.
Método para a categorização e a estimativa da geração de resíduos eletroeletrônicos no Brasil
Authors: Xavier Lúcia Helena , Sierpe Ricardo , Ottoni Marianna , Cugula Jéssica dos Santos
Published: January 2022

A gestão e a obrigatoriedade do estabelecimento de sistemas de logística reversa de resíduos eletroeletrônicos (REEE) no Brasil foram definidas pela Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS). A partir do Decreto nº 10.240/2020 foram informados 215 produtos para os quais foram estabelecidos prazos e metas para a coleta e destinação ambientalmente adequada. Este documento estabelece metas a anuais não cumulativas a partir do ano de 2021 até 2025, tendo como base o volume em peso dos produtos eletroeletrônicos colocados no mercado interno no ano-base de 2018. Desta forma, o presente estudo objetivou quantificar o volume médio comercializado no Brasil em 2018 a partir da metodologia adotada pela Europa, utilizando dados do IBGE (base SIDRA) sobre a produção e dados sobre importação e exportação informados pela Receita Federal. Os resultados indicaram que, dentro das categorias especificadas pelo decreto, o sistema de logística reversa de REEE deverá recolher cerca de 17,8 kt de REEE ao final do ano de 2021, montante equivalente a 1% do volume colocado no mercado (VCM), calculado em 1,78 milhões de toneladas para 12% dos produtos listados no decreto, no ano-base de 2018, evidenciando um significativo potencial para a recuperação de materiais secundários a partir dos REEE.
Pequenas modificações em uma área verde urbana causam alterações na composição da avifauna?
Authors: Corrêa Bianca , Correia Elliezer de Lima , Zocche Jairo José , Vogel Huilquer Francisco
Published: January 2022

Áreas verdes urbanas são importantes para as comunidades de Aves devido à provisão de habitat, abrigo e alimento. Pequenas modificações na estrutura vegetal desses locais podem levar a redução na disponibilidade de recursos e alteração na assembleia de aves. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o efeito das modificações na estrutura da avifauna em uma área verde urbana antes e após o manejo paisagístico. A área de estudo localizada no Município de União da Vitória, Estado do Paraná, Brasil. O local contém aproximadamente 4.690 m2 e passou por modificações que resultaram na retirada de espécies arbóreas e alterações no uso do solo. O monitoramento da avifauna deu-se por meio de uma contagem direta de aves por tempo estimado. As amostragens foram realizadas quinzenalmente durante as estações da primavera e verão (setembro a março). Para a comparação entre período pré e pós-modificações da assembleia de aves, foi utilizado o teste "z". Ao final do estudo foi registrado um total de 39 espécies de aves, 35 sp no momento pré-modificações e 32 sp no momento pós, com predominância da Ordem Passeriformes. Diferenças estatísticas foram observadas para a riqueza (z = 2,63; p = 0,008) e abundância (z = 3,06; p = 0,002) entre os períodos. Observa-se que as modificações ocorridas na área verde estudada, levaram a uma diminuição da riqueza e abundância de aves, o que pode influenciar nos serviços ecossistêmicos providos por estas espécies.
Geração e distribuição da riqueza das empresas brasileiras do agronegócio à luz da Demonstração do Valor Adicionado (DVA)
Authors: Huppes Cristiane Mallmann , Ferreira Denize Demarche Minatti , Costa Edgar Maria Ferreira da , Van Bellen Hans Michael
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo analisa as informações da criação e da geração do Valor Adicionado das empresas do agronegócio que possuem ações negociadas no Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (B3), no período de 2009 a 2019. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, documental, que explora por meio da análise vertical a representação de elementos em relação ao seu valor total. Dentre os resultados destaca-se que o consumo de insumos não é equilibrado, mesmo nas empresas de igual segmento. O setor têxtil é o que mais gera Valor Adicionado Líquido e, em outros segmentos, algumas empresas possuem Valor Adicionado Recebido em Transferência igual ou superior ao produzido internamente. No que tange a distribuição do Valor Adicionado, a maior fatia é para o item Pessoal (49%), seguido de Remuneração de Capitais de Terceiros (25%), representado por juros. Impostos, Taxas e contribuições recebem 20% da distribuição do Valor Adicionado. A Remuneração do Capital Próprio é a que recebe menor parcela (6%) e a Tributação em relação à Receita apresenta inequidade, sendo que a BRF compromete 10,87% enquanto a JBS, 2,55%. Por fim observa-se que na esfera municipal também ocorre essa discrepância nas empresas Guararapes (0,98945%), BRF (0,10159%) e JBS (0,01521%).
BIM plug-in technology for construction waste quantification
Authors: Nagalli André , Oliveira Luna Ollin Steffen de , Schamne Annelise Nairne , Barros Brunno Pereira , Hochleitner Hugo Demay , Oliveira Charles Jaster de
Published: January 2022

Current building management standards demand that construction waste management occurs in the planning phase. This paper presents the development of a plug-in as a BIM tool to predict waste generation. As a research strategy, the plug-in was applied to a single-family housing project, the respective construction wastes were predicted in the BIM technology and compared to the literature. Through waste generation indexes, some planning indicators were calculated. The identified wastes were automatically classified, and a management structure was designed. The study showed that the best results are obtained when the construction waste is estimated from Actual Built Volume instead of Apparent Constructed Volume like the traditional models uses. In conclusion, adopting a plug-in do predict construction waste has proved to be advantageous. A specific advantage of the proposed method is that the plug-in user may adopt their waste generation indexes according to the regional and the production team aspects. The adoption of a plug-in made the acquisition and processing of data fast and versatile.
Adequabilidade do Método do Consumo Máximo Provável para o dimensionamento de sistemas prediais de água fria
Authors: Ferreira Ana Carolina , Abreu Pedro Henrique Rodrigues de , Silva Mateus Alexandre da , Thebaldi Michael Silveira , Merlo Marina Neves
Published: January 2022

O Método do Consumo Máximo Provável é comumente empregado para o dimensionamento de instalações prediais de água fria por meio de coeficientes probabilísticos para estimar a vazão provável nos trechos do sistema em função dos aparelhos que são abastecidos por cada nó, era preconizado pela ABNT NBR 5626:1998, mas não mais em sua nova edição de 2020. No entanto, de acordo com a referida norma, métodos probabilísticos ainda podem ser utilizados, desde que o dimensionamento do sistema respeite as diretrizes de funcionamento hidráulico estabelecidas. Assim, objetivou-se analisar o funcionamento hidráulico de um sistema predial de água fria, a fim de verificar a adequabilidade do Método de Dimensionamento do Consumo Máximo Provável aos novos parâmetros de projeto e funcionamento hidráulico determinados na ANBT NBR 5626:2020, especificamente em relação às pressões mínimas e à variação da carga de pressão dinâmica nos chuveiros em condição de operação isolada, e em operação concomitante com diferentes aparelhos. O limite de redução de carga de pressão dinâmica, preconizado pela nova edição da norma foi excedido apenas para duas das cinco combinações em um dos dois banheiros analisados neste estudo, porém ao se considerar a vazão de projeto como apenas a vazão do chuveiro. Desta forma, para a edificação estudada, unifamiliar típica com apenas um pavimento, o Método do Consumo Máximo Provável pôde ser utilizado, com a ressalva que sejam verificadas as cargas de pressão dinâmica nos pontos mais desfavoráveis da edificação.
Critérios de sustentabilidade para contratações públicas federais de empresas prestadoras de serviços de controle de pragas: uma proposta baseada em revisão de literatura
Authors: Cunha Carlos Alberto Soares
Published: January 2022

A exigência do cumprimento de critérios de sustentabilidade, desde muito tempo, vem se tornando mais presente nas contratações de serviços em licitações públicas, principalmente nas emanadas pelos órgãos que fazem parte do Governo Federal. Isso se dá em razão de o governo possuir, como função primordial, a característica de impulsionar, mesmo que indiretamente, o desenvolvimento social sem prejuízo ao meio ambiente garantindo, assim, melhores condições de vida para os cidadãos brasileiros. Assim, pode-se afirmar que o termo sustentabilidade foi introduzido propriamente em suas normas legais, sendo este termo um dos requisitos e critérios a constar obrigatoriamente em suas contratações. Diante do exposto, surgiu a necessidade de se proporem critérios baseados em revisão de literatura possibilitando, desta forma, a utilização destes nos termos de referência de contratações.
As relações de poder no Aterro Sanitário Metropolitano Oeste de Caucaia, Estado do Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Carvalho Maria Laudecy Ferreira de , Santos Joel Silva dos , Oliveira Luan Gomes dos Santos de , Nunes Ana Bárbara de Araújo
Published: January 2022

Relações de poder no Aterro Sanitário Metropolitano Oeste de Caucaia no Município de Caucaia, Ceará, Brasil. A questão destacada neste artigo diz respeito às relações de poder que determinam o acesso e uso dos recursos naturais e, consequentemente, os conflitos socioambientais entre atores sociais em torno do Aterro Sanitário Metropolitano Oeste de Caucaia (ASMOC) e da Usina de Caucaia Biogás GNR Fortaleza Valorização de Biogás Ltda, ambas localizadas no Município de Caucaia, Estado do Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil, na perspectiva da Ecologia Política. Dentre os atores sociais investigados na pesquisa, destacam-se a população da comunidade do entorno, os funcionários e os gestores da usina GNR e do aterro. Vale destacar que a Ecologia Política foi utilizada enquanto chave de leitura epistemológica dos conflitos socioambientais e compreensão das relações de poder estabelecidas ao longo dessa rede de interesses diversos. Sendo assim, o objetivo central da pesquisa é averiguar as relações de poder na determinação do acesso, uso dos recursos naturais e conflitos socioambientais na área de estudo. Discute-se também as estratégias da tríade do biopoder elencada por Foucault, o psicopoder enfatizado por Byung-Chul Han e o ecopoder destacado por Enrique Leff e Juan Manuel Naredo, na tentativa de evidenciar os danos sociais e ecológicos da biosfera e como as estratégias intervêm por meio dessas relações na determinação do usufruto dos recursos naturais e suas externalidades. Trata-se de uma pesquisa baseada em revisão de literatura e análise documental, utilização da técnica da “bola de neve”, realização de trabalho de campo e 10 entrevistas in loco e aplicação de 14 questionários com os atores sociais investigados. Os resultados sinalizaram que é necessário monitorar os problemas e os resultados das ações humanas para que se possam perceber as mudanças e transformações que devem ser adotadas rumo à educação ambiental para as gerações do presente e futura. Conclui-se que há manutenção do poder e suas estruturas sobre os mais vulneráveis em torno dos empreendimentos estudados.
Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh (Myrtales: Myrtaceae): análise dos produtos elaborados a partir do seu fruto
Authors: Silva Carlena Sinara Martins da , Veras Rosa Helena
Published: January 2022

Myrciaria dudia, também conhecida como camu-camu, é uma planta que tem ocorrência espontânea na Amazônia e vem ganhando destaque devido aos avanços ocorridos na área científica e na busca da população por terapias e alimentos mais saudáveis. O objetivo deste artigo foi realizar um levantamento bibliográfico sobre produtos oriundos de Myrciaria dubia. O levantamento foi realizado em plataformas on line lens.org, Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI) e na base de dados do Portal Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), bem como de produtos comercializados na plataforma de busca Google. Os parâmetros de busca utilizados foram os termos "Myrciaria dubia" ou "camu-camu", com intervalo temporal de busca entre 01/01/1990 e 10/05/2019. Os registros de patentes mais depositados para uso de Myrciaria dubia estão relacionados a cosméticos principalmente com ação antioxidante para a pele. Dos 21 pedidos de patentes, apenas quatro são de patentes concedidas. Sobre os artigos científicos, dos 212 relacionados com a espécie, nove referiam-se a desenvolvimento de produtos em publicações de 2003 a 2019, onde a revista que mais publicou foi a Food Science and Technology. Dentre os produtos encontrados nas publicações observa-se um avanço para a área de alimentos e cosméticos. No que se refere aos produtos comercializados pela Internet, exeste uma variação de produtos como na forma de pó (19), cápsulas (14), licor (3), chocolate (1), geleia (1) e muda (1). O valor dos produtos variando entre R$ 12,50 e R$ 199,00. Observamos que os produtos oriundos de Myrciaria dubia estão sendo difundidos e vem crescendo devido principalmente ao seu alto teor de bioativos com pespectivas de uso pelas indústrias de alimentos, cosméticos e farmacêuticas.
Manifold curvature and Ehrenfest forces with a moving basis
Authors: Halliday Jessica , Artacho Emilio
Published: January 2022

Known force terms arising in the Ehrenfest dynamics of quantum electrons
and classical nuclei, due to a moving basis set for the former,
can be understood in terms of the curvature of the manifold hosting
the quantum states of the electronic subsystem.
Namely, the velocity-dependent terms appearing in the Ehrenfest forces
on the nuclei acquire a geometrical meaning in terms of
the intrinsic curvature of the manifold,
while Pulay terms relate to its extrinsic curvature.
Linear growth of the entanglement entropy for quadratic Hamiltonians and arbitrary initial states
Authors: De Palma Giacomo , Hackl Lucas
Published: January 2022

We prove that the entanglement entropy of any pure initial state of a bipartite bosonic quantum system grows linearly in time with respect to the dynamics induced by any unstable quadratic Hamiltonian. The growth rate does not depend on the initial state and is equal to the sum of certain Lyapunov exponents of the corresponding classical dynamics. This paper generalizes the findings of [Bianchi et al., JHEP 2018, 25 (2018)], which proves the same result in the special case of Gaussian initial states. Our proof is based on a recent generalization of the strong subadditivity of the von Neumann entropy for bosonic quantum systems [De Palma et al., arXiv:2105.05627]. This technique allows us to extend our result to generic mixed initial states, with the squashed entanglement providing the right generalization of the entanglement entropy. We discuss several applications of our results to physical systems with (weakly) interacting Hamiltonians and periodically driven quantum systems, including certain quantum field theory models.
Effects of Citrus Sudden Death Disease on Fatty Acid Profile of Orange Tree Bark
Authors: Prestes Rosilene , Colnago Luiz , Carrilho Emanuel , Antoniosi Filho Nelson , Alves Maria Isabel
Published: January 2022

Citrus sudden death (CSD) is a disease that has affected millions of orange trees in Brazil, leading to economic losses in the order of billions of US dollars. This article examines the effects of CSD on the fatty acid composition of triacylglycerides (TAG) extracted from rootstock and scion bark. The fatty acid profile determined by gas chromatography showed a reduction in oleic and linolenic acids, and an increase in the saturated fatty acids and linoleic acid content, which was in line with the severity of CSD. The reduction in linolenic acid content was related to its role in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid, which is involved in responses to abiotic and biotic stresses, as well as senescence. These alterations in the fatty acid profile were also used to classify plants both with and without CSD symptoms by using chemometric means. This method represents an alternative to support the diagnosis of CSD disease.
LEISURE OF STUDENT YOUTH: RESULTS OF MONITORING RESEARCH
Authors: KULMINSKAYA Alina V. , ZABOKRITSKAYA Lyubov D.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of the eighth stage of monitoring the socio-cultural development of youth. It has been carried out for over 25 years under the guidence of Yu. R. Vishnevsky. The sample size of the last stage consisted of 2,000 third-year students of intramural studies at the universities of the Middle Urals. Quota parameters are gender and study programs of respondents (humanitarian, engineering, socio-economic and natural sciences). The purpose of the article is to record the changes that have occurred in the structure of students leisure activities since 2016. The sample of 2016 is compiled by the same principles, n = 1,827.
The theoretical part of the article reviews approaches to defining the concept of leisure, its types and main factors that affect the structure of preferences when choosing leisure activities. The results of the article include the dynamics of student interest in leisure activities for the period from 1995 to 2020.
An increase in the number of leisure activities per respondent was revealed, as well as an increase in interest in activities related to digital technologies. A decrease in interest was noted in active forms of leisure such as tourism, outings, sports. Interest in leisure activities related to social interaction, both in direct and indirect form, remains.
The close attention is paid to the comparison of data from 2016 and 2020, since it was during these years that the most complete range of students’ activities was formed. The influence of the respondent’s gender on the choice of leisure activities has been also analyzed. The respondents have been grouped according to several classifications of leisure. Based on the classifications, an interest in recreational activities and the preservation of the recreational function of leisure are noted.