bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Training Homeless Education Liaisons to Support the Academic Needs of Homeless Students
Authors: Wood Vanessa , Finkelstein Marni
Published: December 2019

The purpose of the qualitative descriptive case study was to describe how homeless education liaisons use training and resources to support the academic success of homeless students. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 local homeless education liaisons in Virginia to determine how they perceive and incorporate training and community resources to encourage the academic success of students experiencing homelessness. Research revealed that they training they received met liaison needs despite needed adaptations to address legislation changes. Implications for leadership are a need to allot necessary time for liaisons to meet needs of students through understanding liaison function and resource availability. Recommendations for assisting liaisons in meeting needs of students are made.
"FORMAÇÃO COMPARTILHADA DE PROFESSORES NO BRASIL: UFPR – OTTERBEIN” – UMA BREVE ANÁLISE
Authors: Macedo Patricia Helena Haas de
Published: December 2019

Este artigo pretende descrever e analisar o Programa “Formação compartilhada de professores no Brasil: UFPR – OTTERBEIN”. A formação continuada de professores atrelada ao processo de co-teaching (ensino colaborativo) é uma tendência que vem ganhando muitos adeptos recentemente. Promover integração e formação compartilhada entre professores de escolas públicas de Curitiba e do Condado de Olentangy em Ohio/EUA não foi apenas uma iniciativa inovadora e de interesse pedagógico atual, mas também se tornou um grande incentivo para que melhores práticas docentes pudessem ocorrer nos diferentes contextos envolvidos. Assim, este artigo propõe, na primeira seção, apontar algumas considerações iniciais acerca do processo de co-teaching e formação compartilhada; na segunda seção,descrever o programa desde seu início em novembro de 2017 até a finalização em julho de 2018; na terceira seção, relatar e analisar algumas experiências compartilhadas por três professoras participantes do programa; na quarta e última seção, tecer algumas considerações finais acerca desta iniciativa promovida em parceira com o NAP/UFPR, DELEM/UFPR, DTPEN/UFPR e Universidade de Otterbein em Ohio/EUA.
LETRAMENTO CRÍTICO (VISUAL E RACIAL): DESCONSTRUINDO REPRESENTAÇÕES UNÍVOCAS E SUAS VIOLÊNCIAS
Authors: Silva Andréa Cotrim
Published: December 2019

As práticas do Letramento Crítico e de suas vertentes (Letramento Visual e Letramento Racial) nos servem como um modo de docência que estimula o pensamento reflexivo do aluno, em prol da formação de identidades menos violentas. Isto só pode acontecer mediante a desconstrução dos saberes impostos pela colonização, de suas “verdades universais” como a noção de moderno versus primitivo, bom versus ruim, justo versus injusto, superior versus inferior ou qualquer outra hierarquização de desigualdade, o que acaba gerando a marginalização de certas identidades e seu modo de vida. Pretendemos, à luz de Souza (2016), Vattimo e Zabala (2011), Monte Mór (2018), Collins (2000), dentre outros teóricos da educação, do pós-colonialismo e do feminismo mostrar como diminuir no público a violência da representação cinematográfica hegemônica, em relação a determinados grupos sociais como os afro-americanos, ora legitimando, ora repudiando discriminações interseccionais, apontando para tentativas de rupturas e suas re-partilhas de sentido (RANCIÈRE, 2005). Por extensão, objetivamos um exercício pedagógico crítico que privilegie a expansão de pontos de vista e agência em sala de aula.
INTERCULTURALIDADE E INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO EM TEMPOS DE GLOBALIZAÇÃO NEOLIBERAL: DESAFIOS, COMPLEXIDADES E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: Dell'Olio Francesca , Martinez Juliana Zeggio
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste texto está em resgatar parte das discussões vivenciadas em uma das “Rodas de Conversa” do FICLLA por meio da problematização e da reflexão de interculturalidade e internacionalização, que são definidos por nós a partir do conceito de colonialidade. Informadas pelo grupo latino-americano de colonialidade/modernidade, apresentamos e discutimos o conceito de colonialidade como um conceito e uma perspectiva onto-epistêmica que explica as hierarquias histórico-sociais e as relações desiguais de poder entre os vários elementos que nos constituem: língua, cultura, saberes, raça, gênero, classe social, etc. Ainda, buscamos apontar como a globalização e o capitalismo neoliberal estão imbricados na colonialidade e como este entrelaçamento - entre colonialidade/modernidade e globalização/neoliberalismo - fundamenta a lógica de sistema-mundo da qual somos parte. Fazendo uso de duas situações problematizadoras, discutimos como a internacionalização e a interculturalidade se materializam em práticas de mobilidade e são informadas pela colonialidade na globalização neoliberal. Após os desafios e as complexidades exploradas ao longo do texto, finalizamos este artigo apontando possibilidades éticas necessárias diante da impossibilidade de zerarmos a História e/ou apagarmos a colonialidade.
A Comparative Study of the Engineering Soft Skills Required by Moroccan Job Market
Authors: Chaibate Hind , Hadek Amine , Ajana Souad , Bakkali Soumia , Faraj Kenza
Published: December 2019

This paper aims at comparing the soft skills required by Moroccan employers to those developed in engineering schools in order to improve engineers’ employability. On the one hand, soft skills needed for the job market integration are defined using a mixed method belonging to sequential exploratory design. On the other hand, educational curricula are examined to determine if they meet the workplace requirements. This study is strengthened by including findings collected by interviewing professionals about the level of soft skills development among newly graduated engineers.
Organização do Conhecimento e Arquivologia: abordagens metodológicas
Authors: Barros Thiago Henrique Bragato , Sousa Renato Tarciso Tarciso Barbosa de
Published: December 2019

Introdução: Busca-se neste artigo discutir aspectos e pontos de contato entre a Organização e Representação do Conhecimento e Arquivologia, tendo por base os textos publicados no âmbito da InternationalSociety for KnowledgeOrganization, especialmente no que se relaciona à classificação e descrição, construindo um paralelo teórico-conceitual, sobre seus pontos de contato. O objetivo é sistematizar as relações entre a Organização e Representação do Conhecimento e Arquivologia no âmbito da classificação e da descrição. Metodologia: Foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica na literatura da ISKO e da literatura da Arquivologia sobre as relações entre essas áreas. Por intermédio da sistematização, foi possível compreender como tem se dado e poderia ser aprofundada as relações entre essas áreas. A Organização e Representação do Conhecimento é uma área que contribui de forma fundamental para o desenvolvimento de metodologias para o acesso à informação. Resultados: Foram apresentadas uma série de desdobramentos para o desenvolvimento de linguagens, estruturas, classificações, ou seja, sistemas de Organização e Representação do Conhecimento. A Arquivologia tem se desenvolvido de forma paralela, mas em muitos momentos buscando interlocuções ainda que superficiais ou até não intencionais com a área de Organização e Representação do Conhecimento. Conclusões:É fundamental a aproximação das áreas para o desenvolvimento da classificação e descrição arquivísticas, visando a construção de ontologias, taxonomias, vocabulários controlados, dentre outros.  Essas aproximações, que são recentes, devem-se as mudanças, ocorrida nos últimos vinte anos, em relação à gestão administrativa e à forma com que as pessoas constroem conhecimento e buscam informação.
Incidentalomas of the prostate detected by 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography
Authors: Mannas Miles P. , Lee Taeweon , Pourghiasian Maral , Wilson Don , Black Peter C.
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Prostate incidentalomas are prostatic lesions suspicious for cancer discovered by imaging patients without a known history of prostatic cancer (CaP) for other reasons. 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET) is used to diagnose, stage and assess response to treatment for numerous cancers, but it is not routinely used for CaP. We aimed to determine the rate of detection of prostate incidentalomas in patients undergoing FDG PET and to evaluate the natural history of these lesions.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all FDG PET scans performed between 2005 and 2017 at a single institution. Patients were selected who had prostatic uptake without a history of prostate cancer. Clinical data were collected from electronic medical records to determine how the prostate incidentalomas were further evaluated and define the rate of malignancy.

Results: A prostate incidentaloma was identified in 309 (1.0%) of 31 019 FDG PET scans performed on men. A prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test was obtained in 40.1% of patients within six months of prostate incidentaloma detection. Six patients underwent a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate, which identified CaP in one case. Overall, CaP was diagnosed in 33 cases, representing 10.7% of the prostate incidentalomas and 0.1% of the scanned patients. CaP was intermediate- or high-risk in 27 (8.7%) of the prostate incidentalomas.

Conclusions: Incidental lesions detected in the prostate by FDG PET may represent clinically significant CaP. Referral to a urologist for further evaluation should be considered if the patient is otherwise in reasonable health.
Diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) prior to first prostate biopsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Muñoz Rodríguez Sandra Viviana , García-Perdomo Herney Andrés
Published: November 2019

Introduction: We aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) test before performing the first biopsy compared with prostate biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Methods: A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, LILACS, reference lists, specialized journals in urology and cancer, and unpublished literature. The population was adults with suspected prostate cancer, and the intervention was the measurement of PCA3 in urine samples for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. The quality of studies was evaluated with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. The operative characteristics were determined, and a meta-analysis was performed.

Results: Nine studies of diagnostic tests were included based on a cutoff value of 35. The following overall values were obtained: the sensitivity was 0.69 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61–0.75); specificity was 0.65 (95% CI 0.553–0.733); the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 4.244 (95% CI 3.487–5.166); and the area under the curve was 0.734 (95% CI 0.674–0.805) with a heterogeneity of 0%.

Conclusions: Urinary PCA3 has an acceptable diagnostic accuracy, aids in the study of patients with suspected prostate cancer, and can be used as a guide for directing the performance of the first prostate biopsy and decreasing unnecessary biopsies.
Identifying risk factors for development of nephrolithiasis in end-stage renal disease patients
Authors: Hesswani Charles , Iqbal Sameena , Rafat Zand Khashayar , Sun Simon , Unikowsky Bernard , Reinhold Caroline , Andonian Sero
Published: November 2019

Introduction: We sought to assess the incidence and risk factors for stone development in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD).
Methods: Medical records of patients receiving HD between 2007 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who had been on HD for at least three months and had imaging studies (computed tomography [CT] scans or ultrasound [US]) pre- and post-initiation of HD were included. Exclusion criterion was presence of stones pre-HD. De novo stones were defined as renal stones found on followup imaging. Demographics, laboratory data, comorbidities, and dialysis characteristics were compared between non-stone-formers and stone-formers using propensity score matching.
Results: A total of 133 patients met the inclusion criteria. Their median age was 68.5 years, median body mass index 28.7 kg/m2, and median dialysis duration 59.5 months. After HD, 14 (10.5%) patients developed de novo stones and their median dialysis-to-stone duration was 23.5 months. When compared with non-stone-formers, stone-formers had significantly lower incidence of hypertension (48.2% vs. 14.3%; p=0.03), lower serum ionized calcium (1.16 vs. 1.07 mmol/L; p=0.01) and magnesium (0.95 vs. 0.81 mmol/L; p=0.01), and significantly higher serum uric acid (281.5 vs. 319.0 mmol/L; p=0.03). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that lower serum ionized calcium (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.00001; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0–0.18) and magnesium (adjusted OR 0.0003; 95% CI 0–0.59) were significantly associated with stone formation.
Conclusions: The incidence of de novo nephrolithiasis in ESRD patients on HD was 10.5%. Increased serum uric acid, decreased serum magnesium and ionized calcium, and absence of hypertension were associated with increased stone-formation in ESRD patients on HD.
Can negative ureteroscopy be predicted in ureteral stone treatment?
Authors: Sahin Mehmet Oguz , Sen Volkan , Irer Bora , Yildiz Guner
Published: November 2019

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate factors predictive of negative ureteroscopy (URS) in ureteral stones.

Methods: Patients who underwent URS between January 2007 and June 2018 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups; group 1: positive URS (841 patients) and group 2: negative URS (75 patients). These two groups were compared in terms of demographic data, stone characteristics, and postoperative outcomes.

Results: The mean age of the study patients was 44.5±15.1 years. The absence of collecting system dilatation due to the present stone was found to be a significant predictive factor for negative URS in univariate analysis, but there was no significant difference in multivariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, low body mass index (BMI), no history of stone surgery, stone located in the distal ureter, small stone area, longer time between the last imaging procedure and URS, and medical expulsive therapy (MET) application were statistically significant in predicting negative URS.

Conclusions: In this study, the parameters that significantly predicted negative URS were found to be low BMI, no history of stone surgery, distal localization of the stone, small stone area, longer time between the last imaging procedure and URS, and MET applied for the current stone. These parameters should be considered to avoid negative URS and patients should be informed of the possibility of negative URS prior to operation.
Effect of external beam radiotherapy on second primary cancer risk after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Preisser Felix , Mazzone Elio , Knipper Sophie , Nazzani Sebastiano , Bandini Marco , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Marchioni Michele , Tian Zhe , Saad Fred , Taussky Daniel , Briganti Alberto , Huland Hartwig , Graefen Markus , Tilki Derya , Karakiewicz Pierre I.
Published: November 2019

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the effect of radiotherapy (RT) in contemporary patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) compared to RP alone for non-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) on the incidence of second primary cancers (SPCs).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004–2015), we identified patients with PCa as the only or first primary cancer, who underwent RP and RT or RP alone. Cumulative incidence plots and multivariable Cox regression models tested for SPC rate differences according to treatment type: RP and RT vs. RP alone. Subgroup analyses focused on pelvic, primary pelvic, and non-pelvic SPCs, as well as on late SPCs (>5 years after PCa diagnosis).

Results: Of 152 161 patients, 7.1% (n=10 870) received RP and RT. Overall, 6.6 vs. 5.0% developed SPCs after RP and RT vs. RP alone, respectively (p<0.001). Cumulative incidence rates at 10 years after PCa diagnosis for RP and RT vs. RP were 12.0 vs. 8.7% (p<0.001), 2.0 vs. 1.2% (p<0.001), 2.1 vs. 1.3% (p<0.001), and 9.9 vs. 7.4% (p<0.001) for overall SPCs, primary pelvic SPCs, overall pelvic SPCs, and non-pelvic SPCs, respectively. Multivariable Cox regression models revealed an increased risk after RP and RT vs. RP alone for overall (hazard ratio [HR] 1.2; p<0.001), primary pelvic (HR 1.5; p<0.01), pelvic (HR1.4; p<0.001), non-pelvic (HR1.1; p<0.01), late overall (HR 1.2; p=0.01), and late non-pelvic SPCs (HR1.2; p=0.03).

Conclusions: RP with RT was associated with moderately increased risk of SPCs compared to RP alone. This observation should be thoroughly discussed at informed consent and considered during followup.
The use of perioperative chemotherapy in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in Quebec (Canada), 2000-2016
Authors: Wissing Michel D. , Kassouf Wassim , Tanguay Simon , Aprikian Armen G.
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Despite its proven benefit, studies have reported poor use of perioperative chemotherapy (POC) in bladder cancer (BC) patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC). We evaluated POC use in Quebec between January 2000 and September 2016.

Methods: Using provincial health administrative databases, data were retrospectively collected from patients from two years before RC until December 2016 or death. Logistic regression was used to identify variables predicting POC use. Survival analyses were conducted using Cox regression. Analyzed covariates were age, sex, comorbidities, year of RC, residence and hospital region, distance to hospital, hospital type and size, and hospital’s and surgeon’s RC volume.

Results: A total of 790/4656 patients (17.0%) received POC. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) use increased in recent years: 3.5% (2009), 11.2% (2012), and 20.7% (2015). POC use was increased in patients with recent surgery, a younger age, less comorbidities, residing closer to the hospital of surgery, and a high surgeon’s RC volume (p<0.05). For patients treated between 2013 and 2016, a younger age (odds ratio [OR] 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64–0.80 per five years), shorter distance to the hospital (OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.77–0.99 per 50 km), surgery in an academic hospital (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.06–3.29), and recent surgery (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.14–1.58 per year) independently predicted NAC use. These NAC users had a significantly higher OS rate than patients without POC (hazard ratio 0.73; 95% CI 0.55–0.97). Limitations include missing data on pathological staging.

Conclusions: NAC/POC use increased in Quebec but was lower compared to most developed countries. Its use was lower in patients residing further from the hospital and in those treated in non-academic hospitals.
Patient-reported pain, discomfort, and anxiety during magnetic resonance imaging-targeted prostate biopsy
Authors: Chesnut Gregory T. , Zareba Piotr , Sjoberg Daniel D. , Mamoor Maha , Carlsson Sigrid , Lee Taehyoung , Fainberg Jonathan , Vertosick Emily , Manasia Michael , Schoen Mary , Ehdaie Behfar
Published: November 2019

Introduction: The addition of targeted prostate biopsy to systemic biopsy impacts patient experience. We examined patient-reported pain, discomfort, anxiety, and tolerability among men undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted prostate biopsy in addition to transrectal ultrasound-guided systematic biopsy compared to those undergoing systematic biopsy alone.

Methods: All patients underwent transrectal systematic 14-core biopsies. Patients with regions of interest on MRI underwent additional targeted biopsies. All patients received equivalent periprostatic nerve block. Four single-item, standard 11-point numerical rating scales evaluating pain, discomfort, anxiety, and tolerability were completed immediately after biopsy. Differences in means were compared using t-tests. Correlation between rated domains was tested using Spearman’s correlation coefficient.  

Results: Of 273 consecutive patients, 195 (71%) underwent targeted biopsy and 188 (69%) had undergone prior biopsy. In all men, the median score for pain and tolerability was 3, while the median score for discomfort and anxiety was 4. Pain was rated at 7 or above by 15% of patients. Moderate correlation between pain, discomfort, anxiety, and tolerability of repeat biopsy was observed (Spearman’s p between 0.48 and 0.76). Compared to patients undergoing systematic biopsy alone, men who received both targeted and systematic biopsies reported higher anxiety scores (difference 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4–2.0; p=0.004) and discomfort (difference 1.0; 95% CI 0.3–1.7; p<0.001).

Conclusions: Patients undergoing targeted and systematic biopsies report more discomfort and anxiety than patients undergoing systematic biopsies alone. Absolute differences are small, and patients are willing to undergo repeat biopsy if advised. Interventions to reduce biopsy-related anxiety are needed.
Identification of tumor size as the only factor associated with non-diagnostic biopsies in patients with small renal masses
Authors: Gillis Charlie J. , Rendon Ricardo , MacDonald Landan P. , Jewett Michael A.S. , French Christopher , Ajzenberg Henry , Almatar Ashraf , Abdolell Mohammed , Organ Michael
Published: November 2019

Introduction: As greater numbers of small renal masses (SRMs) are discovered incidentally, renal tumor biopsy (RTB) is an increasingly recognized step for the management of these lesions, ideally for the prevention of surgical overtreatment for benign disease. While the diagnosis can often be obtained preoperatively by RTB, indeterminate results create greater difficulty for patients and clinicians. This study examines a series of RTBs, identifying the portion of these that were able to yield a diagnosis, and correlates patient factors, including RENAL and PADUA scoring, with the outcome of a non-diagnostic result.

Methods: Patients were identified as having undergone RTB at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Ontario, Canada, between January 2000 and December 2009. Data was compiled from these 423 patients and analyzed using CART methodology to determine the level of association between various patient and tumor factors and the outcome of a non-diagnostic biopsy. Tumor size was further used to develop a classification tree to describe the prediction of a non-diagnostic biopsy.

Results: Of these 423 patients undergoing RTB, 66 (16%) resulted in a non-diagnostic biopsy. The only patient or tumor factor that was found to be associated with a non-diagnostic outcome was mass size, where small masses (<1.28 cm diameter) were found to have a 38% chance of being non-diagnostic, compared with a 13% chance in those tumors >1.28 cm diameter (86% accuracy, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82–0.89).

Conclusions: When evaluating SRMs for diagnostic workup, mass size is the only tumor or patient characteristic associated with a non-diagnostic RTB.
The Effect of Eight-Week Total Body Resistance Exercise on Liver Functional Parameters in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Sadeghi Abbas , Pourrazi Hassan , Yazdi Hamid-Reza
Published: December 2019

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing health problem and a serious risk factor for other diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of eight-week total body resistance exercises (TRX) on liver functional parameters in patients with NAFLD. Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 22 men with NAFLD were randomly divided into TRX training (n = 11) and control (n = 11) groups. The TRX group participated in a TRX training program for eight weeks (three sessions per week, 60minutes per session). The body composition, anthropometric indices, liver fat content, and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured by the enzymatic method before and after the training period. Results: After TRX training, the liver fat content in the TRX group was significantly lower than in the control group (P = 0.001). Furthermore, the serum levels of ALT, AST and ALP significantly decreased in the TRX group, compared to the controls (P < 0.05). In addition, TRX training significantly reduced body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat percentage, and waist-to-hip ratio (P < 0.05), while no significant changes were observed in the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusions: TRX training could be effective in improving liver fat content and reducing the serum levels of liver enzymes in men with NAFLD and can play a role in the management of this condition.
Briser le silence
Authors: Guzun Mădălina ,   Romanian Society for Phenomenology
Published: December 2019

The aim of the present article is to offer a new interpretation of Heidegger’s account of the unfolding of language by analyzing the notion of Geläut der Stille, “sounding gathering of silence.” Taking as a starting point the experience of silence described by Stefan George in his poem “The Word,” the article presents the opposition between silence and the sounding words, showing that the latter coincide with the language we speak. The passage from silence to the spoken language belongs to the unfolding of language itself, which presents itself as a translation of silence, redefining thus what translation originally is. The latter, understood as violence and harmony, gathers itself under the term of “rift,” overcoming thus the ontological difference and offering us a radically new perspective over the nature of “relation” within Heidegger’s thinking.
Where Are We Now? The Evolving Use of New Media with Young Children in Libraries
Authors: Campana Kathleen , Mills J. Elizabeth , Martens Marianne , Haines Claudia
Published: December 2019

The topic of using new media with young children (zero to five years old) in the library has been a focus of conversations in the field for several years. An Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC) survey, administered to children’s library staff from across the United States in 2014, provided a foundation for these conversations by revealing how library staff were using new media with young children and their families. The results of the survey, which revealed widespread inclusion of new media in library spaces, along with the innovative work of library staff and community needs, spurred profession-wide initiatives to apply research-based practices to how libraries support the literacy and media needs of families.
Dirceu: a potência da composição performativa e suas micropolíticas
Authors: Sampaio Hildegarda , Matos Lúcia Helena Alfredi de
Published: December 2019

Aborda as micropolíticas produzidas pelo Núcleo do Dirceu nas composições estabelecidas com a comunidade do bairro Dirceu, em Teresina, durante o processo de criação da obra 1000 Casas, no período de 2011 a 2012. O percurso cartográfico desta escrita aborda aspectos dos dispositivos presentes nas interações e experiências dos sujeitos envolvidos na performance. Para tanto, discute a precariedade e performance à luz de autores como Lígia Clark, Eleonora Fabião e Jacques Rancière, considerando questões e tensões do fazer político nas relações entre arte e vida, público e privado.
Saia! Vestes e contradições de uma performance
Authors: Allemand Débora Souto , Lessa Helena Thofehrn , Lopes Sarah Leão , Hoffmann Carmen Anita
Published: December 2019

Este trabalho traz a linguagem da performance como um lugar de criação de novas realidades, uma brecha para falar das características da sociedade tradicionalista gaúcha e, consequentemente, de nossas próprias contradições, tendo a performance (Con)tradição como fio condutor e reflexivo da escrita. O processo criativo trouxe à tona a potencialidade da performance de criar territórios novos, fazendo com que por meio da arte seja possível refletir sobre nossas histórias e modos de ação cotidianos.
Presentación y prólogo del libro "El pensamiento computacional. Análisis de una competencia clave"
Authors: Coll César
Published: December 2019

¿Qué es el pensamiento computacional?; ¿qué características diferenciales presenta respecto a otras modalidades de pensamiento como el pensamiento lógico, matemático, hipotético-deductivo, inductivo, creativo, narrativo, etc.?; ¿a qué se debe el interés creciente acordado al pensamiento computacional en las publicaciones académicas y en los discursos psicológico y educativo contemporáneos?; ¿cómo se refleja este interés en las reformas educativas acometidas en la última década y en los currículos de la educación infantil, primaria y secundaria de los países de nuestro entorno?; ¿mediante qué metodologías didácticas y qué tipos de actividades se puede facilitar y promover el desarrollo del pensamiento computacional en las aulas y en los centros educativos?...He aquí algunas de las muchas cuestiones de gran relevancia y actualidad que los autores de este libro (Zapata-Ros y Pérez-Paredes, 2018) plantean y responden sobre la base de una amplia revisión de la literatura y de su propia experiencia como docentes.
Les commémorations profanées dans Les Marchands de gloire de Pagnol-Nivoix et Au revoir là-haut de Pierre Lemaitre
Authors: Brun Marion
Published: December 2019

L’article compare le roman de Pierre LemaitreAu revoir là-hautpublié en 2013 et la pièce de théâtre de Marcel Pagnol et de Paul NivoixLes Marchands de gloiremontée au Théâtre de la Madeleine en 1925. Ces deux fictions mettent en scène le contexte de l’immédiat après-guerre et traitent de l’opportunisme des survivants qui exploitent la mémoire des morts. Les deux ouvrages contribuent à asseoir les représentations satiriques des années 1920 d’une France déboussolée par la mise à mal de l’idéal héroïque. Romancier et dramaturges prennent un parti antimilitariste et s’intéressent à la perte d’identité des vétérans et des soldats enterrés. Ils donnent à voir le renversement de la société qui privilégie les hommes de l’arrière aux survivants. Ces textes proposent une satire de l’hypocrisie commémorative de la France des monuments. Les écrivains mettent ainsi au tombeau les illusions héroïques de la victoire.
Metodologías para la enseñanza del léxico en el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras: un recorrido histórico
Authors: Pablo Núñez Luis
Published: December 2019

La importancia del léxico para el correcto aprendizaje de una lengua, la diversidad de aspectos que el profesor ha de tener en cuenta a la hora de su enseñanza-aprendizaje y la amplitud del léxico mismo, ha provocado una multitud de perspectivas en su didáctica. Este trabajo expone cuáles han sido esas propuestas teóricas que han surgido a lo largo del siglo XX-XXI para la enseñanza-aprendizaje del léxico de una nueva lengua y el aprovechamiento que ha recibido de ellas la didáctica del español como lengua extranjera (ELE).
EL PRINCIPIO DE SPALLANZANI
Authors: Ridruejo Emilio
Published: December 2019

El italiano Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729 – 1799) es bien conocido como el científico que desmontó las teorías de la generación espontánea. Pero Spallanzani fue también un pionero en el estudio de la regeneración de los seres vivos. En 1768 publicó el Prodromo, una obra sobre reproducción animal, en el que se interesaba también por la regeneración. Spallanzani describió varios tipos de regeneración, la de la cola de la rana y de las extremidades de la salamandra. Antes, en una carta dirigida en 1766 al biólogo suizo Charles Bonnet había descrito también la regeneración de la lombriz, de la babosa o del caracol.
Differences in topological progression profile among neurodegenerative diseases from imaging data
Authors: Garbarino Sara , Lorenzi Marco , Oxtoby Neil P , Vinke Elisabeth J , Marinescu Razvan V , Eshaghi Arman , Ikram M Arfan , Niessen Wiro J , Ciccarelli Olga , Barkhof Frederik , Schott Jonathan M , Vernooij Meike W , Alexander Daniel C ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: December 2019

The spatial distribution of atrophy in neurodegenerative diseases suggests that brain connectivity mediates disease propagation. Different descriptors of the connectivity graph potentially relate to different underlying mechanisms of propagation. Previous approaches for evaluating the influence of connectivity on neurodegeneration consider each descriptor in isolation and match predictions against late-stage atrophy patterns. We introduce the notion of a topological profile — a characteristic combination of topological descriptors that best describes the propagation of pathology in a particular disease. By drawing on recent advances in disease progression modeling, we estimate topological profiles from the full course of pathology accumulation, at both cohort and individual levels. Experimental results comparing topological profiles for Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis and normal ageing show that topological profiles explain the observed data better than single descriptors. Within each condition, most individual profiles cluster around the cohort-level profile, and individuals whose profiles align more closely with other cohort-level profiles show features of that cohort. The cohort-level profiles suggest new insights into the biological mechanisms underlying pathology propagation in each disease.
Analysis of stochastic fluctuations in responsiveness is a critical step toward personalized anesthesia
Authors: McKinstry-Wu Andrew R , Wasilczuk Andrzej Z , Harrison Benjamin A , Bedell Victoria M , Sridharan Mathangi J , Breig Jayce J , Pack Michael , Kelz Max B , Proekt Alexander
Published: December 2019

Traditionally, drug dosing is based on a concentration-response relationship estimated in a population. Yet, in specific individuals, decisions based on the population-level effects frequently result in over or under-dosing. Here, we interrogate the relationship between population-based and individual-based responses to anesthetics in mice and zebrafish. The anesthetic state was assessed by quantifying responses to simple stimuli. Individual responses dynamically fluctuated at a fixed drug concentration. These fluctuations exhibited resistance to state transitions. Drug sensitivity varied dramatically across individuals in both species. The amount of noise driving transitions between states, in contrast, was highly conserved in vertebrates separated by 400 million years of evolution. Individual differences in anesthetic sensitivity and stochastic fluctuations in responsiveness complicate the ability to appropriately dose anesthetics to each individual. Identifying the biological substrate of noise, however, may spur novel therapies, assure consistent drug responses, and encourage the shift from population-based to personalized medicine.
Transmission dynamics and control of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in neonates in a developing country
Authors: Crellen Thomas , Turner Paul , Pol Sreymom , Baker Stephen , Nguyen Thi Nguyen To , Stoesser Nicole , Day Nicholas PJ , Turner Claudia , Cooper Ben S
Published: December 2019

Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is an increasing cause of infant mortality in developing countries. We aimed to develop a quantitative understanding of the drivers of this epidemic by estimating the effects of antibiotics on nosocomial transmission risk, comparing competing hypotheses about mechanisms of spread, and quantifying the impact of potential interventions. Using a sequence of dynamic models, we analysed data from a one-year prospective carriage study in a Cambodian neonatal intensive care unit with hyperendemic third-generation cephalosporin-resistant K. pneumoniae. All widely-used antibiotics except imipenem were associated with an increased daily acquisition risk, with an odds ratio for the most common combination (ampicillin + gentamicin) of 1.96 (95% CrI 1.18, 3.36). Models incorporating genomic data found that colonisation pressure was associated with a higher transmission risk, indicated sequence type heterogeneity in transmissibility, and showed that within-ward transmission was insufficient to maintain endemicity. Simulations indicated that increasing the nurse-patient ratio could be an effective intervention.
Coordination of tissue cell polarity by auxin transport and signaling
Authors: Verna Carla , Ravichandran Sree Janani , Sawchuk Megan G , Linh Nguyen Manh , Scarpella Enrico
Published: December 2019

Plants coordinate the polarity of hundreds of cells during vein formation, but how they do so is unclear. The prevailing hypothesis proposes that GNOM, a regulator of membrane trafficking, positions PIN-FORMED auxin transporters to the correct side of the plasma membrane; the resulting cell-to-cell, polar transport of auxin would coordinate tissue cell polarity and induce vein formation. Contrary to predictions of the hypothesis, we find that vein formation occurs in the absence of PIN-FORMED or any other intercellular auxin-transporter; that the residual auxin-transport-independent vein-patterning activity relies on auxin signaling; and that a GNOM-dependent signal acts upstream of both auxin transport and signaling to coordinate tissue cell polarity and induce vein formation. Our results reveal synergism between auxin transport and signaling, and their unsuspected control by GNOM in the coordination of tissue cell polarity during vein patterning, one of the most informative expressions of tissue cell polarization in plants.
Contrast media routines in Norwegian hospitals – a mapping study
Authors: Dalen Tor-Ove , Høynes Dennis Årre , Rusandu Albertina
Published: November 2019

Introduction Optimal contrast enhancement in the organ of interest is crucial for the image quality of a CT examination. Potential side effects of contrast media range from mild to potentially severe. The use of the smallest possible amount, without compromising the image quality, is therefore preferable considering patient safety. Different methods of calculations, that consider different factors, are used to calculate the relevant amount. Our project focuses on the contrast media used in a "CT liver" examination among the public hospitals in Norway, and we wish to present the differences in contrast media routines.Methods Inquiries were sent to every public hospital that have a CT-lab in Norway, asking for their liver protocol, also including a short questionnaire. Eight example patients with different characteristics (sex, weight and body composition) were created. Information from the protocols and the questionnaires were used to calculate the amount of contrast media each of the hospitals would give to each example patient. Previous studies were used to calculate the recommended amounts of contrast media based on patient safety and optimal image quality. ResultsCalculations show differences between 66% and 117% (from lowest to highest amount) of contrast media given to the example patients. Out of the 30 participating hospitals, 6 use software, 17 use weight tables, 2 use fixed amounts and 5 use weight tables that takes body composition into consideration as their methods of calculating the amount of contrast media. None would have given more than the recommended amounts, considering patient safety, while between 6,7% and 36,7% would have given less than the recommended amounts, considering image quality. Conclusion The results show significant differences in contrast media usage among Norwegian hospitals. In conclusion, there is room for improvement and standardization of contrast media routines. Optimization of contrast media routines will benefit both patient safety, image quality and cost.
Medical Imaging in Guyana, development and status
Authors: Chanderballi Ramona
Published: November 2019

Medical imaging services have been rapidly advancing in Guyana over the last decade. It is time to look back, and state the todays’ situation.With a population, under 1 million, Guyana, according to the World Factbook (1), is the third smallest country in South America. Guyana was originally a Dutch colony in the 17th century, by 1815 had become a British possession. The abolition of slavery led to settlement of urban areas by former slaves and the importation of indentured servants from India to work the sugar plantations. Tropical rainforests cover over 80 percent, and its agricultural lands are fertile. A resulting ethno-cultural divide has persisted and has led to turbulent politics. Guyana achieved independence from the UK in 1966. In 1992, the country is first free and fair election since independence. The economy is growing; still at a high unemployment. According to the World Factbook, it is (per 2018) a young population; mean age for both females and males are 28 years, and life expectancy 68y. Compared with other neighboring countries, Guyana ranks poorly concerning basic health indicators (2), basic health services in the interior are primitive to non-existent.
The unnecessary dose behind cropped radiographs
Authors: Guðjónsdóttir Jónína
Published: November 2019

Objectives:

In this study it was evaluated how common image cropping, or electronic collimation, is in digital radiography, how large an area of the images is cropped and how high the radiation dose is that corresponds to the cropped area.Methods: A sample of images were taken from three medical imaging departments. The images were reviewed; and if cropped, the extent was recorded.

Results:

A total of 1.270 images were reviewed. 10.6 % of them were cropped; 19 %, 7 % and 6 % in sites A, B and C, respectively. 26 % of all chest images were cropped as well as 18 %, 13 %, 10 %, 10 %, 3 % and 2 % of lumbar spine, shoulder, hip, knee, hand and foot images, respectively. The proportion of cropped images was significantly different between sites and between examinations (p < 0.05). Considering only the cropped images, the average cropped fraction of each image was from 16.0 % to 36.3 % and the corresponding unnecessary dose were estimated to be from 19.0 % to 56.9 % of the dose actually needed for the final image. Averaging the cropped area over all images in the same type of examination showed that up to 4.6 % of the dose in the examinations in the study was unnecessary.

Conclusions:

This study confirms that radiographs cropped, is a latent source of additional radiation dose to the patients. This needs be considered in the optimization of radiographic imaging procedures.
MUCG ved vesiko-ureteral reflux hos barn
Authors: Christie Tayla , Petersén Kamilla
Published: November 2019

Vesikoureteral reflux, et backflöde av urin skjer från urinblåsan till uretärerna och njurbäckenet, drabbar barn. För att diagnostisera reflux används ultraljud, njurscintigrafi och främst miktionsuretrocystografi under genomlysning. Syftet var att dokumentera skillnader i undersøkning av reflux, vid en empirisk kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie. Nio röntgenklinikers metodböcker samt deres stråldoser ble dokumentert.. Olika antal projektioner används för flickor respektive pojkar, og variasjoner i utførelsen av dem.  Stråldoserna varierar; dock ses att samtliga kliniker i åldersgruppen 0–3 år har stråldoser under referensnivåerna enligt finska strålsäkerhetscentralen.
Factors that may contribute to an inadequate radiology request form
Authors: Otterberg Mitch , Gunneröd Johan
Published: November 2019

The radiology request/referral is an important part of the communication between the referring physician and the radiology department. It forms the basis for radiologists and radiographers to be able to carry out their work. Through the radiologic request form, the referrer orders an examination for a patient, as part of the patient's medical examination or follow-up. In conjunction with education and practice, we have noticed that reduced quality of the referrals is not uncommon. The aim was to identify the main contributing factors to unjustified referrals for diagnostic imaging procedures. A literature review was undertaken.

Analyzing the literature, the overall themes emerged, and resulted in five subcategories; 1) insufficient, inaccurate or lack of clinical information or questioning, 2) weaknesses in choosing the desired modality, 3) missing routines and 4) need for further standardization of the referring-practice, and 5) insufficient knowledge of radiological diagnostics on behalf of the referring physicians. Weaknesses in clinical history and questioning were the most frequently presented contributing factors.
Can pediatric radiography be practiced appropriately in a hospital, without a dedicated diagnostic imaging unit? A case study.
Authors: Rusandu Albertina , Stranden Erling
Published: November 2019

Introduction

Due to Norway’s population density, demographic scatter and topography, performing radiological examinations in children in the same unit as in adults is quite common despite international guidelines recommending use of dedicated pediatric radiology units. Children examined in non-dedicated pediatric facilities are therefore a unique patient group who requires special attention.

This study investigates pediatric radiography practice at a small local hospital lacking a dedicated pediatric radiology department by comparing it with the ideals of good practice as stated by international agencies. The aspects analyzed are organization, radiation safety and optimization.

Methods

The approach is qualitative, based on participant observation, document investigation and interviews with radiographers.

Results

Radiologists evaluated referrals. Age specific pediatric CT-protocols were being used. Awareness of the greater radiation risk in children and radiation safety concern were common among the radiographers.  Some radiographers had experience from pediatric imaging departments while none of them had postgraduate studies in pediatric radiography. Lack of extensive practice due to reduced pediatric patient volume makes sometimes the examination of children be a challenging task. Communication with children seemed to go well.

Conclusion

Despite variations in experience with children among radiographers and lack of specialization in pediatric radiography, the practice is largely in accordance with international recommendations. Radiation protection and optimization requirements met, although the departmental organization slightly diverges from prevailing guidelines. Slightly different practice and experience with children among radiographers indicate the need for special guidelines for pediatric imaging for non-dedicated pediatric radiology departments.