bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A robótica educacional: entendendo conceitos
Authors: Santos Railane , Silva Maria
Published: February 2021

O propósito deste artigo é apresentar, por meio de um estudo bibliográfico, o histórico da Robótica Educacional (RE), sob o ponto de vista Construcionista de Seymour Papert (1928-2016) e das interpretações de Valente (1948). Para tanto, primeiramente, é feita uma abordagem sobre as duas obras de Papert – LOGO: computadores e crianças e A Máquina das Crianças: repensando a escola na era da informática. Em seguida, apresentam-se a releitura de Valente sobre o Construcionismo – o construcionismo contextualizado e a espiral de aprendizagem. Na sequência, buscamos compreender o processo de criação e desenvolvimento de uma disciplina escolar proposta pelo próprio Papert, a Cibernética, hoje denominada por RE. E, por fim, apresentamos projetos, estudos e eventos que compõem o histórico da RE no Brasil e que nos permitem identificar os aspectos evolutivos, desde os primeiros estudos com o LOGO, na década de 1970, até os dias atuais.
Jogo Minecraft como aliado no processo de ensino e aprendizagem da geometria espacial
Authors: Boito Paula , Silva Juliano
Published: February 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir as potencialidades do jogo digital Minecraft como suporte ao ensino e aprendizagem de elementos introdutórios da Geometria Espacial no sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental. Para esta pesquisa, utilizou-se como aportes teóricos o Construcionismo proposto por Seymour Papert (1985), além do diálogo problematizador e contextualização do saber defendidos por Paulo Freire (1996). Dessa forma, desenvolveu se uma sequência de atividades estruturada em doze encontros, agregando a tecnologia do jogo Minecraft aliado a outras mídias e elementos usualmente utilizados. A pesquisa-ação pautou-se na análise de dados coletados: Diário de Bordo, transcrição de diálogos, fotos, vídeos e relatórios preenchidos pelos estudantes. A avaliação da pertinência dessa proposta pedagógica ocorreu com base nessas análises. Como resultado, a pesquisa apontou sua relevância para a aprendizagem da geometria, além de mostrar-se pertinente em termos de participação e comprometimento da turma, abrindo um canal de diálogo entre professor e alunos.
Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge in Ethiopia (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae), with description of a new species
Authors: Kaltenbach Thomas , Gattolliat Jean-Luc
Published: February 2021

Material collected between 2017 and 2019 in Ethiopia in the Awash River catchment substantially increased our knowledge of Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge in this country. Four species were previously reported based on ecological investigations of Ethiopian rivers: L. glaucus (Agnew, 1961), L. latus (Agnew, 1961), L. vinosus (Barnard, 1932) and L. bellus (Barnard, 1932). We have identified six different species using a combination of morphology and genetic distance (COI, Kimura 2-parameter). Two of them, L. alahmadii Gattolliat & Al Dhafer, 2018 and L. potamoticus Gattolliat & Al Dhafer, 2018 were previously assumed to be endemic to the Arabian Peninsula. The status of L. bellus is discussed and remains unresolved. One species is new to science; it is described and illustrated based on its nymphs. A key to the nymphs of all Ethiopian species is provided. The interspecific K2P distances in Ethiopia are between 17% and 23%, the intraspecific distances are usually between 0% and 1%. The total number of Labiobaetis species worldwide is augmented to 145. The Afrotropical species of Labiobaetis are discussed in comparison to the species of other realms.
Hemithea aestivaria (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a Palaearctic moth new to eastern North America
Authors: Schmidt Christian , Anctil Alexandre
Published: February 2021

The geometrid moth Hemithea aestivaria (Hübner, 1789) was introduced from Europe to North America, first detected in British Columbia in 1973. Until 2019, its North American range was limited to a restricted area of the Pacific Northwest. Here, we report on the first records of H. aestivaria for eastern North America from three widely separated urban centers in eastern Canada during 2019-2020.
L’Afrique comme contexte pertinent pour la recherche en sciences de gestion : une contribution à partir des travaux en Marketing
Authors: Abiassi Amen , Dokou Gérard Akrikpan Kokou , Nekka Hadj
Published: February 2021

Dans cette contribution, nous avons voulu interroger la pertinence des terrains africains à partir d’une sous-discipline des sciences de gestion qui a les fondamentaux les plus stables, le marketing. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons mené une analyse en trois temps principaux. Nous avons commencé par montrer comment le marketing, en tant que discipline scientifique, peut nous aider à cerner les contreperformances des entreprises africaines. Nous nous sommes ensuite focalisés sur les caractéristiques des contextes africains permettant d’illustrer l’importance du marketing en tant que discipline. Enfin, nous nous sommes interrogés sur le potentiel réflexif des terrains africains dans ce domaine scientifique.
Les comportements déviants au travail : une contribution à partir du contexte tunisien
Authors: Berrazaga Imen , Ben Hassine Anissa
Published: February 2021

Les comportements déviants au travail (CDT) constituent un problème omniprésent et coûteux pour les organisations et leurs membres. Dans cet article nous présentons les principaux résultats d’une étude de cas qui vise à apporter une meilleure compréhension des facteurs qui expliquent l’adoption de CDT par les chauffeurs d’une compagnie de bus tunisiens. Nos résultats montrent que la qualité de la GRH est en première ligne des facteurs expliquant la saillance des CDT, que l’âge et la personnalité sont des facteurs individuels fortement impactants mais aussi et surtout que le contexte de tension généralisée dans le pays alimente le développement de ces CDT.
D’une pierre deux coups, aux confins de l’appareil symbolique institutionnel
Authors: Lopez Inès , Clauzon Perle
Published: February 2021

« Les enfants n’ont pas explosé… » Durant le confinement, la projection de nos pensées d’adultes est venue confronter dans notre réflexion les modèles de fonctionnement que l’institution héberge d’ordinaire. L’occasion s’est trouvée d’analyser les pratiques professionnelles dans une maison d’enfants à caractère social depuis la place du psychologue à l’écoute des borborygmes de son institution. Qu’est-ce qui fait symbolique dans nos métiers d’accompagnement ? Avec le confinement comme révélateur, nous avons entamé une exploration aux confins de cette grande machine qu’est l’appareil institutionnel pour tenter d’en déterminer la fonction potentiellement symbolisante.
Peut-on poursuivre sa cure sous confinement ? Le désir en question
Authors: Benedetti Agnès
Published: February 2021

Dans cet article, je tente de rendre compte de ce que l’épreuve du confinement a pu produire de modification dans ma pratique et des questions éthiques, cliniques et techniques subséquentes. L’affaire s’ouvre par la question de l’acte, puisqu’il s’est agi de choisir entre suspendre les consultations ou les poursuivre à distance. Conséquemment ont eu à se traiter ce qui du dispositif de la cure a été bousculé et les effets sur la pratique, sur les cures en cours, résonnant aux questions politiques soulevées au cœur et à l’extérieur de la communauté des analystes.
Comment le club put soutenir la « connivence » lors du confinement à la clinique de La Borde
Authors: Lecarpentier Michel
Published: February 2021

En avril 2020, La Borde, comme tout le champ de la psychiatrie, a été confrontée à l’impératif de confinement. L’auteur de cet article, psychiatre à La Borde, explique comment un processus d’institutionnalisation soutenu par le club thérapeutique indépendant de l’établissement a pu respecter les mesures sanitaires tout en préservant les modalités spécifiques de la psychothérapie institutionnelle. La construction d’un champ transférentiel soutenant patients et personnels dans la nécessaire création inventive a pu remarquablement parer aux risques d’effets psychiques délétères.
Prenons soin de nous
Authors: Siraudeau Diane
Published: February 2021

Dans le foyer d’accueil médicalisé ( fam ) où je travaille à mi-temps comme psychologue, nous faisons l’expérience de transformations bouleversantes que nous aurions certainement refusées ou auxquelles nous n’aurions jamais pensé auparavant. Cette lettre, écrite en pleine crise sanitaire, au moment où la vague virale s’abattait sur la France avec son lot d’angoisse et d’inconnu, est à la fois un témoignage de l’expérience traversée au sein de ce fam , et une interpellation. Comment pouvons-nous continuer à inventer notre mode de présence, « notre prendre soin », avec cette réalité, tout en tenant compte des différentes dimensions de notre humanité ?
La Croix-Rouge : une organisation caritative face à la crise du Covid
Authors: Monnier Alicia
Published: February 2021

Si le champ du travail social a pour pratique l’analyse et la construction de dispositifs adaptés à une problématique sociétale, territoriale ou encore conjoncturelle donnée, il peine à investir le domaine médical, bien que les axes de travail s’interpénètrent. Dans le champ de la protection de l’enfance ou encore du handicap, la création de structure est souvent ralentie et son projet maintes fois modifié du fait des impondérables administratifs couplés à la variable budgétaire. L’expertise dans l’ouverture de structures d’urgence des professionnels du champ de la lutte contre les exclusions a été reconnue indispensable. L’étendue de la pandémie du Covid-19 a amené à questionner la réactivité et les pratiques professionnelles de l’ensemble de ses acteurs. Le social a durant ce trimestre inédit prêté main-forte au médical, sans empiéter sur ses missions. De nouvelles logiques et priorités se sont dessinées, au fur et à mesure des directives suivies. Malgré l’angoisse et les certitudes déconstruites, le navire a tenu bon dans la tempête.
Lettre d’une oubliée
Authors: Bailly Élodie
Published: February 2021

Pendant le confinement, de nombreux professionnels ont continué leur activité ; parmi eux, les soignants, qui ont été applaudis tous les soirs, mais aussi les éducateurs. L’auteure de ce texte rappelle leur existence et leur présence au quotidien auprès des personnes accompagnées.
Écouter les professionnels de la jeunesse durant le premier confinement
Authors: Bordet Joëlle
Published: February 2021

Durant le premier confinement, des participants du réseau « Jeunes, inégalités sociales et périphéries » ont pris l’initiative d’écouter des professionnels de la jeunesse intervenant en milieu ouvert dans les quartiers populaires et d’analyser les effets du confinement sur le vécu des professionnels et sur celui des familles et des jeunes. Cet article montre comment le temps du confinement a fait l’objet d’un processus commun mais a été source d’initiatives différentes selon les sites. Il présente des changements dans les dynamiques sociales et les pratiques des professionnels qui vont se poursuivre à plus long terme et qu’il est nécessaire de prendre en compte.
Vive le Covid !
Authors: Chobeaux François
Published: February 2021

La crise globale liée au Covid a servi de révélateur de réalités sociales jusque-là contournées ou minorées. Elle a également servi de révélateur de fonctionnements individuels : angoisses, égoïsme, altruisme. Que faire maintenant de ces mises en évidence ? Que faire pour que « après ne soit plus comme avant » ?
Une histoire de créativité ordinaire
Authors: Loilier Aude
Published: February 2021

L’intervention d’assistant de service social en centre médico-psychologique pour enfants et adolescents est souvent ramenée à sa dimension administrative. Pourtant, son travail suppose aussi de recourir à une créativité dans l’intérêt du patient. Être créatif, chacun en a la capacité. La créativité est mobilisée, de manière individuelle ou collective, lorsqu’il s’agit de s’adapter aux contraintes de la réalité. La créativité s’inscrit dans deux espaces de rencontre : l’espace de négociation permanente entre les différents champs d’intervention de l’équipe pluriprofessionnelle ; l’écart entre les indications de l’équipe et les aspirations exprimées par le patient et sa famille, écart qui offre des espaces de liberté. C’est dans ces espaces qu’a lieu la rencontre avec le patient, sa famille. L’assistant de service social y déploiera sa créativité pour construire des ponts, et tendre, autant que possible, vers un projet partagé. Favoriser la négociation, assumer l’incertitude et l’expérimentation sont parmi les prérequis nécessaires à ce déploiement.
In memoriam . À propos d’un enterrement et de ces temps obscurcis
Authors: Bonnafé Marie
Published: February 2021

À l’occasion de l’enterrement de R Leroy, l’auteure se rappelle les grands moments de la psychiatrie désaliéniste pendant la seconde moitié du xx e   siècle. L’approche humaniste des malades avait alors beaucoup progressé. Qu’en est-il aujourd’hui avec les réorganisations dont l’hôpital fait l’objet ?
Enfants de migrants dans les institutions de soins de la société française (2)
Authors: Kob Fatima , Idris Isam
Published: February 2021

En partant du travail et de l’expérience d’un soignant issu de l’immigration, ce texte explore l’aménagement nécessaire dans l’identité culturelle et professionnelle. Il met en exergue un double décentrage développé par l’auteur dans une créativité favorisant la démarche « d’aller vers… », démarche mise en œuvre dans la psychiatrie de secteur.
De l’institution famille à la famille institutionnelle
Authors: Rebourg Michel
Published: February 2021

À l’occasion d’une formation de coordinateur.trice.s de centres socioculturels, une expérimentation autour de la fonction de référent familles amène à interroger les contenus d’un diplôme (le de jeps ), le travail réel et attendu avec des familles, l’intérêt soucieux de la caf de la Nièvre à l’égard d’un processus de qualification des professionnel-.le.s exerçant dans des structures réparties tant en milieu urbain que rural. La multiplicité des paramètres vient heurter une vision normative de la famille. L’adéquation à des politiques publiques et l’évolution des situations rencontrées rappellent la fragilité des métiers. Celles et ceux qui les revendiquent doivent tirer le meilleur parti d’une formation pour se départir en conscience du poids de l’institution.
Travailler ce qui fait famille
Authors: Chobeaux François
Published: February 2021

Un impératif actuel est de « travailler avec les familles ». Mais que faire quand celles-ci sont inexistantes, rejetées, parfois psychologiquement dangereuses ? L’essentiel est alors de travailler avec les usagers (ici adolescents et jeunes adultes) sur leurs liens parentaux et familiaux, en passant de la normalité matérielle à une ouverture symbolique. Il s’agit ainsi de travailler « la » famille.
Advancing Gerontological Nursing at the Intersection of Age-Friendly Communities, Health Systems, and Public Health
Authors: Carmody Jane , Black Kathy , Bonner Alice , Wolfe Megan , Fulmer Terry
Published: February 2021

Mounting efforts to improve care and promote healthy aging throughout society and across the care continuum have created unique opportunities for gerontological nursing practice. Population aging has invoked a multitude of responses among all levels of international and national organizations, foundations, health care, and government to meet the needs and promote preferences of older adults. Large-scale programs by the World Health Organization, The John A. Hartford Foundation, Institute for Health-care Improvement, and Trust for America's Health have galvanized to advance the momentum of age-friendly communities, health care, and public health. Gerontological nurses can leverage this growing interest in aging by enhancing their knowledge about age-friendly movements, influencing these movements with their expertise in evidence-based practices, and advancing their own competencies in caring for older adults in any setting. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(3), 13–17.]
Mitigation of COVID-19 Risk Among Older Adults in Nursing Homes: A Public Survey
Authors: Lee Wang Ling , DeWitt Dorothy , Chui Ping Lei , Sahibudeen Abdul Kadir Shah , Nurumal Mohd Said , Chinna Karuthan , Chong Mei Chan
Published: February 2021

The current study examines the public's perception on the mitigation of COVID-19 risk and knowledge of disease symptoms among older adults in nursing homes, with the intention to address gaps in knowledge using mobile technologies. An online survey questionnaire was completed by 611 adults residing in Malaysia. The four domains, derived from factor analysis, affirmed the supportive perception among the public (score range = 4.42 to 4.64/5.0). However, among the gaps identified were the perception toward hand sanitizing and susceptibility of older adults to COVID-19. Public knowledge on symptoms of COVID-19 was limited (e.g., 41.4% to 53.4% incorrect responses to anosmia, diarrhea, confusion). Multivariate analysis of variance found that males and participants with less education had significantly lower supportive perceptions (
p
< 0.05). With >86% of participants having access to internet communication technology, mobile interventions tailored to gender and educational level are recommended to promote long-term pandemic preparedness among stakeholders and the public. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(3), 23–28.]
Treatment of Port Wine Birthmarks in Sturge-Weber Syndrome Using Topical Timolol
Authors: Saffren Brooke , Yassin Shaden H. , Guo Suqin , Cordovez Jose A. , Levin Alex V.
Published: February 2021

Three patients with facial port wine birthmarks were randomly assigned to receive treatment with topical timolol or the placebo. Three masked observers evaluated photographs of the patients, noting improvement in patients who were treated with timolol and two controls. The photographic technique was not standardized. This pilot study suggests topical timolol warrants further evaluation for port wine birthmarks.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(2):e1–e4.]
Scleral Fixation of Carlevale Intraocular Lens in Children: A Novel Tool in Correcting Aphakia With No Capsular Support
Authors: Gotzaridis Stratos , Georgalas Ilias , Papakonstantinou Evangelia , Spyropoulos Dimitrios , Kouri Agathi , Kandarakis Stylianos , Karamaounas Aristotelis , Gkiala Anastasia , Sideri Anna-Maria , Droutsas Konstantinos , Petrou Petros
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To report the clinical outcomes of the use of a novel, specially designed, scleral-fixated intraocular lens (IOL) for the correction of aphakia in the absence of capsular support of variable etiology in children.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This is a retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series of five eyes of five consecutive patients who underwent three-port pars plana vitrectomy and scleral fixation of the IOL. Inclusion criteria were at least 6 months of follow-up in children who underwent vitrectomy and IOL placement for aphakia and inadequate capsular support. Patients were excluded from the analysis if there was a previous open globe injury or any other ocular comorbidity such as macular pathology or previous surgery for retinal detachment, glaucoma, corneal transplantation, or strabismus.

RESULTS:

The median follow-up period was 9 months (range: 7–13 months). The median age was 8 years (range: 2–10 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 5 to 0. Mean postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (VA) at the last follow-up visit was 20/32 (0.26 ± 0.32 logMAR [mean ± standard deviation]), improving from a mean baseline uncorrected VA of 20/800 (1.6 ± 0.7 logMAR), a statistically significant change (
P
= .003). The uncorrected postoperative VA was 20/63 (0.54 ± 0.37 logMAR). No significant postoperative complications were noted and all patients had good IOL position at the end of the follow-up without IOL capture. The mean tilt in four eyes (the 2-year-old was excluded from the analysis) was 2.1 ± 1.9 degrees. None of the patients required reoperation.

CONLCUSIONS:

The present study represents the first to date in evaluating the use of a scleral-fixated IOL in patients with aphakia and in pediatric patients with inadequate capsular support. The technique is safe and provides excellent postoperative IOL fixation without IOL capture in any of the patients studied.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2021;52:94–101.]
Thirteen Years' Progression of Macular Atrophy in a Patient With Jeune Syndrome
Authors: Rali Aditya S. , Barnes Alexander C. , Yan Jiong
Published: February 2021

Jeune syndrome is a rare skeletal dysplasia with an associated retinal dystrophy. The authors describe a case of progressive bilateral macular atrophy (with multimodal imaging) in a patient with Jeune syndrome who was followed over 13 years. This case, confirmed with genetic testing, highlights the importance of characterizing the relationship between phenotype and genotype in this genetically heterogenous condition.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2021;52:107–109.]
Averaging principle on infinite intervals for stochastic ordinary differential equations
Authors: Cheban David , Liu Zhenxin
Published: February 2021

In contrast to existing works on stochastic averaging on finite intervals, we establish an averaging principle on the whole real axis, i.e. the so-called second Bogolyubov theorem, for semilinear stochastic ordinary differential equations in Hilbert space with Poisson stable (in particular, periodic, quasi-periodic, almost periodic, almost automorphic etc) coefficients. Under some appropriate conditions we prove that there exists a unique recurrent solution to the original equation, which possesses the same recurrence property as the coefficients, in a small neighborhood of the stationary solution to the averaged equation, and this recurrent solution converges to the stationary solution of averaged equation uniformly on the whole real axis when the time scale approaches zero.
Ergodic measures of intermediate entropy for affine transformations of nilmanifolds
Authors: Huang Wen , Xu Leiye , Xu Shengnan
Published: February 2021

In this paper we study ergodic measures of intermediate entropy for affine transformations of nilmanifolds. We prove that if an affine transformation $ \tau $ of nilmanifold has a periodic point, then for every $ a\in[0, h_{top}(\tau)] $ there exists an ergodic measure $ \mu_a $ of $ \tau $ such that $ h_{\mu_a}(\tau) = a $.
Analyses and evaluation of the main chemical components in different tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) genotypes
Authors: Camlica M. , Yaldiz G.
Published: February 2021

The nicotine, reducing sugar and ion contents from the threshing of tobacco can re-used from the industry. The crude oil and fatty oil compositions of tobacco seeds can be considered as an alternative source of raw material for biodiesel. In this study, the nicotine, reducing sugar content, crude oil, fatty acid composition and ion content were determined in 29 genotypes and 1 cultivar of tobacco. The genetic diversity was determined among the tobacco cultivar and genotypes base on examined properties. The nicotine content varied between 0.10-0.87%, reducing sugar ranged from 9.70-21.30%, crude oil varied between 24.33-47.00% and fatty acid compositions was found in the range of 77.94-100%. Linoleic (13.92-75.04%) and butyric (0.33-64.98%) acids were the major components. Overall, the BSR-5 (52.56 mg/g) and ESR-5 (44.58 mg/g) genotypes exhibited the highest potassium contents and ESR-7 (6.54 mg/g) and ESR-8 (1.28 mg/g) genotypes had the lowest chlorine contents. As a result of this study, the highest nicotine content, reducing sugar and crude oil of tobacco were found in ESR-4, ESR-11 and BSR-5 genotypes, respectively. The dendrogram analysis divided the tobacco into two main groups and most of the same origin genotypes fell into the same group. The results indicated that the different tobacco leaves and seeds can be evaluated as an alternative source in the industry as cigarettes, biodiesel and different industrial applications such as cosmetic, oil paints and varnishes based on their chemical properties.
A Surface Structure Formation of Stainless Steel Using a Laser
Authors: Konchus Darina A. , Sivenkov Aleksei V.
Published: February 2021

The paper presents the surface structure formation of AISI 304 stainless steel using the MiniMarker2-20A4 laser system. Austenitic steel was in the form of a cold-rolled sheet and a tape of increased strength for parts and structures. The article reviews the corrosion-resistant steel surface condition after analyzing the influence of power, frequency and speed of the laser and evaluates the impact on the corrosion resistance of the treated surface. The contrast assessment shows the treated structure effect on the alloy surface reflectivity. The calculations of the most optimal marking are made for obtaining the greatest contrast. The maximum contrast obtained as a result of parameter optimization was 0.83 and was improved by 10%. The article also touches on the influence and susceptibility to corrosion of stainless steel samples with laser marking by QR codes. This point displays structural change of the processed area and presentations steel surface structure AISI 304 after corrosion tests.
Application of Titanium Alloy and Titanium-Based Coatings in a Gate Valve during Oil Production
Authors: Mirgorodskiy S. I. , Lyubomudrov Sergei A. , Bitsoyev G.D. , Mirgorodskiy L. , Shiripa O.Y.
Published: February 2021

In the Caspian region, the Tengiz oil field has a high content of sulfur, salts and mechanical impurities, which contribute to the rapid deterioration of equipment. The use of titanium alloy allows reducing corrosion wear 2-3 times. Based on the analysis of the design of the slide gate valve, the most exposed parts were identified, which were replaced by Grade 5 titanium alloy. Bench tests of the slide gate valve were put into operation. Laboratory work was carried out to apply titanium-based coatings to steel samples. The result was a structure with a microhardness of 730-810 HV sufficient to protect it against corrosion wear.
Influence of Doping with Indium onto Contact Melting of Tin and Bismuth
Authors: Bagov A.M. , Khasanov A.I. , Zubkhadzhiev M.A.V.
Published: February 2021

This study is dedicated to investigating contact melting, including cases of electrotransport is a Sn-Bi system after introduction of a small admixture of indium. It has been shown that the dopant ambiguously influences the rate of the contact melting. The structure of obtained alloys is strongly non-uniform and abounds with dendritic forms. An attempt is made to explain the results.
Analysis of the Transient Contact Resistance of Composite Copper-Graphite Material Obtained Using Plasma Spraying Technology
Authors: Derevyankin Pavel , Frolov Vladimir
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the internal structure and properties of a copper-graphite coating applied to a copper electrode. The article provides a calculation of the transient contact resistance of electrodes with a coating obtained using plasma spraying technology. Copper-graphite powder with high arc resistance was used as a spraying substance. Coated electrodes were tested for erosion resistance by an arc at currents of several kiloamperes. The aim of the work is to determine the effect of the composition and internal structure of the coating on the transient processes in the contact gap.
Prediction of Deformation Processes of Polymeric Materials Taking into Account Plastic Irreversible Deformation
Authors: Demidov Aleksey V. , Makarov Avinir G. , Pereborova Nina V.
Published: February 2021

The need to develop new methods for predicting the properties of polymeric materials is also justified by the goal of designing new innovative materials with the required functional properties and increased competitiveness. The classical methods for predicting deformation processes of polymeric materials are based on the numerical solution of integral constitutive equations for polymer viscoelasticity of the Boltzmann-Volterra type, which do not consider corrections for the irreversibility of the plastic component of deformation and therefore can lead to significant prediction errors. To improve the accuracy of predicting the deformation processes of polymer materials it is proposed to introduce a physically justified correction with account for the irreversibility of the plastic component of deformation. The introduction of this correction significantly increases the reliability and accuracy of predicting the functional and operational properties of polymer materials. The article suggests demonstrating the methods for predicting deformation processes with the example of the polyester textile yarn made of polyester fibers. Unlike many other synthetic fibers, the polyester ones have such important properties as structural stability, softness along with high strength, elasticity, resilience, tensile strength, crease and pilling resistance, temperature regulation, shape retention, etc. The polyester fiber has a hollow structure and its single components have the form of spiral springs which give the effect of a springy base when intertwined.
Profile and sexual practices of inmates in a correctional service facility in north-west Nigeria
Authors: Usman Asma’u , Armiya’u Aishatu Yusha’u , Iliyasu Zubairu
Published: February 2021

Prisoners are not exempted from sexual desire. Therefore, sexual activity is continuous in various forms behind bar, regardless of the stringent rules. However, little is known about such behaviours during incarceration in Katsina State, Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the sociodemographic and forensic characteristics as well as sexual practices among prison inmates in Katsina. A descriptive cross-sectional study was done to collect data of 216 inmates using semi-structured questionnaires from September 24th, 2018 to November 9th, 2018 (6 weeks) at Katsina Central Correctional Service. Data was analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS) Version 20. The mean (± Standard deviation, SD) ages of respondents were 31.5±10.9 years. Most of the respondents (94%) were male, almost half of them (44.4%) had secondary school education, more than half (55.1%) were into business or trading and the majority (75.9%) were awaiting trial. Nearly all inmates (98.6%) reported having sexual desire. Watching the nakedness of others (44.4%) and masturbation (38%) were the commonest means of sexual expression and satisfaction of sexual desire while in prison. The study found predominant male inmates who were within the reproductive and sexually active age group, with secondary school education and unemployed. The majority had sexual desires, with watching nakedness of others and masturbation as the commonest means of satisfying their sexual desires. Correctional facility authorities should implement sexual health programs for inmates and consider conjugal visitations/furloughs.
Prevalence of atherosclerosis risk factors in Egyptian patients with acute coronary syndrome: final data of the nationwide cross-sectional ‘CardioRisk’ project
Authors: Reda Ashraf , Bendary Ahmed , Elbahry Atef , Farag Elsayed , Mostafa Tamer , Khamis Hazem , Wadie Moheb , Bendary Mohamed , Azeem Basant A. , Salah Rehab
Published: February 2021

Background: Little are known about the prevalence of atherosclerosis risk factors in Egyptian patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).Objective: Describe the prevalence of these risk factors with focus on gender-specific data and patients with premature presentation.Methods: From November 2015 to August 2018, data were collected from 3224 patients with ACS in 30 coronary care centers covering 11 governorates across Egypt, with focus premature ACS.Results: The vast majority were males (74%) and the most prevalent age group was (56-65 years) representing 37% of whole study population. Among female patients, 92% were post-menopausal. The prevalence of premature ACS was 51%. Forty five percent of total males and 69.6% of total females with ACS had premature presentation (P0.001). Abdominal obesity was the most prevalent risk factor (66%). Nearly half of the entire study patients were current smokers (48%). We showed a high prevalence of documented dyslipidemia (48%) as well. Early invasive management strategy was employed in 65% of patients with no significant gender disparity noticed. Vascular access for coronary angiography was most commonly femoral (80% of time). Emergent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was attempted in 53% of patients. Thrombolytic therapy (using Streptokinase) was used in 24% of included participants.Conclusion: Among Egyptian patients with ACS, premature presentation is common with greater male preponderance. Abdominal obesity is the most prevalent risk factor followed by hypertension. Most traditional risk factors (apart from smoking) were more prevalent in women than men.
Athletic Training and Population Health Science
Authors: Beaupre Justin , Meske Sam W. , Buckley Meghan
Published: February 2021

Objective

To define and discuss the role of population health as a framework to improve care and clinical decision making in athletic training practice.

Background

Athletic trainers (ATs) are allied health professionals who are uniquely suited to provide preventive and educational health and wellness programs to improve health outcomes across a physically active population. Athletic trainers are often the first contacts for high school athletes seeking health and wellness education, which may allow ATs to be the first intervention or prevention point for reducing or eliminating negative health behaviors and outcomes among their patients.

Conclusions

Integrating a population-health framework into the athletic training setting prepares ATs to address complex health concerns in communities that result from factors that influence determinants of health. The field of athletic training could benefit from a population-health approach to care by broadening consideration of the factors that affect the health of homogeneous populations that are served by ATs.
Rationale for a Parsimonious Measure of Subjective Knee Function Among Individuals With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Rasch Analysis
Authors: Duckett Timothy , Fox Christine M. , Hart Joseph M. , Norte Grant E.
Published: February 2021

Context

The International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form (IKDC) is the most frequently used patient-reported measure of subjective knee function among individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Yet, due to the limitations of traditional validation approaches, whether the IKDC measures knee function as intended is unclear. Rasch analysis offers a robust validation approach, which may enhance the clinical interpretation of the IKDC.

Objective

To assess the psychometric properties, ability to classify health status, and relationships between the IKDC and objective measures of strength and functional performance relative to a newly proposed reduced-item instrument.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 77 individuals with primary unilateral ACLR (age = 21.9 ± 7.8 years, time postsurgery = 6.2 ± 1.0 months) and 76 age-matched control individuals (age = 22.0 ± 4.2 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Rasch analysis was used to assess the psychometric properties of the IKDC. Receiver operator characteristic curves and logistic regression were calculated to assess the accuracy of classifying participants with ACLR versus control participants. Pearson product moment and Spearman rank order correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate relationships among subjective knee function, quadriceps torque, and single-limb hop performance.

Results

Rasch analysis aided the development of a reduced 8-item instrument (IKDC-8), which yielded improved psychometric properties in the rating scale performance (IKDC-8 = 0, IKDC = 3 nonmonotonic “misbehaving” items), percentage of variance accounted for by 1 dimension (IKDC-8 = 71.5%, IKDC = 56.7%), and precision in item separation (IKDC-8 = 9.79, IKDC = 5.02). The IKDC was an outstanding diagnostic tool, and the IKDC-8 was excellent, correctly classifying 87.2% and 82.7% of cases, respectively. Using the Hanley-McNeil formula, we found no difference in the areas under the respective receiver operator characteristic curves. Equivalent associations between subjective and objective knee function were observed regardless of the instrument used.

Conclusions

We demonstrated evidence of enhanced reliability and validity for a parsimonious measure of subjective knee function. The proposed instrument reduces the number of items, increases the score interpretability as measuring a single construct, and improves the rating scale functioning while not diminishing its ability to classify participants with ACLR versus control participants or changing existing relationships with objective measures of recovery. We suggest the IKDC-8 may enhance clinical use by reducing administration time, improving the interpretation of the subjective knee function score, and clarifying functional ability.
Movement Patterns During a Jump-Landing Task in Athletes After Sport-Related Concussion and Healthy Control Individuals
Authors: Lee Bobby Jean , Blueitt Damond , Hannon Joseph , Goto Shiho , Garrison Craig
Published: February 2021

Context

A relationship between a history of sport-related concussion (SRC) and lower extremity injury has been well established in the literature.

Objective

To determine if biomechanical differences existed during a double-limb jump landing between athletes who had been released to return to play after SRC and healthy matched control individuals.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Health system–based outpatient sports medicine center.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 21 participants with SRC (age = 15.38 ± 1.77 years, height = 169.23 ± 8.59 cm, mass = 63.43 ± 7.39 kg, time since release to return to sport after SRC = 16.33 ± 12.7 days) were compared with 21 age-, sex-, and activity-matched healthy participants serving as controls (age = 15.36 ± 1.73 years, height = 169.92 ± 11.1 cm, mass = 65.62 ± 12.08 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Biomechanical performance during the double-limb jump landing was assessed using a motion-capture system and force plates. The average of 3 consecutive trials was used to calculate lower extremity joint kinetics and kinematics. The variables of interest were internal knee-extension moment, internal varus moment, and total sagittal-plane knee displacement for the dominant and nondominant limbs. Independent t tests were performed to examine the differences between SRC and control groups for the variables of interest.

Results

No differences existed between groups for the descriptive data. The SRC group demonstrated greater internal knee-extension moments in the dominant (−0.028 ± 0.009 Nm/kg, P = .003) and nondominant (−0.018 ± 0.007, P = .02) limbs. The SRC group also exhibited greater internal varus moments in the dominant (0.012 ± 0.004 Nm/kg, P = .005) and nondominant (0.010 ± 0.003, P = .005) limbs. For sagittal-plane knee displacement, the SRC group displayed less knee-flexion displacement in the dominant (−12.56 ± 4.67°, P = .01) but not the nondominant (−8.30 ± 4.91°, P = .10) limb.

Conclusions

Athletes who had been released for return to sport after SRC landed with greater knee valgus than healthy matched control participants.
Analysis of antibiotic resistance phenotypes and genes of Escherichia coli from healthy swine in Guizhou, China
Authors: Yu Bo , Zhang Yanan , Yang Li , Xu Jinge , Bu Shijin
Published: February 2021

This study was carried out to investigate the resistance phenotypes and resistance genes of Escherichia coli from swine in Guizhou, China. A total of 47 E. coli strains isolated between 2013 and 2018 were tested using the Kirby–Bauer (K–B) method to verify their resistance to 19 common clinical antimicrobials. Five classes consisting of 29 resistance genes were detected using polymerase chain reaction. The status regarding extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and the relationship between ESBL CTX-M-type β-lactamase genes and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes were analysed. A total of 46 strains (97.9%) were found to be multidrug resistant. Amongst them, 27 strains (57.4%) were resistant to more than eight antimicrobials, and the maximum number of resistant antimicrobial agents was 16. Twenty antibiotic resistance genes were detected, including six β-lactamase genes blaTEM (74.5%), blaCTX-M-9G (29.8%), blaDHA (17.0%), blaCTX-M-1G (10.6%), blaSHV (8.5%), blaOXA (2.1%), five aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes aac(3′)-IV (93.6%), aadA1 (78.7%), aadA2 (76.6%), aac(3′)-II c (55.3%), aac(6′)-Ib (2.1%) and five amphenicol resistance genes floR (70.2%), cmlA (53.2%), cat2 (10.6%), cat1 (6.4%), cmlB (2.1%), three PMQR genes qnrS (55.3%), oqxA (53.2%), qepA (27.7%) and polypeptide resistance gene mcr-1 (40.4%). The detection rate of ESBL-positive strains was 80.9% (38/47) and ESBL TEM-type was the most abundant ESBLs. The percentage of the PMQR gene in blaCTX-M-positive strains was high, and the detection rate of blaCTX-M-9G was the highest in CTX-M type. It is clear that multiple drug resistant E. coli is common in healthy swine in this study. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase is very abundant in the E. coli strains isolated from swine and most of them are multiple compound genotypes.
The effect of dexmedetomidine on decrease of cough, hemodynamic parameters and Ramsay score versus lidocaine during general anesthesia
Authors: Saidie Soheila , Modir Hesameddin , Yazdi Bijan , Moshiri Esmail , Noori Gholamreza , Mohammadbeigi Abolfazl
Published: February 2021

Physiological responses remain common during anesthesia emergence and endotracheal extubation, causing some complications. We aimed to address the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on decrease of cough, hemodynamic parameters and Ramsay score in comparing to lidocaine (LID) during anesthesia. In this double-blinded randomized clinical trial 120 hospitalized patients undergoing general anesthesia were enrolled after obtaining written consent. Block random allocation was used to assign patients into three groups including DEX (intravenous injection; 0.5 μg/kg), LID (1.5 mg/kg), and PBO (10 mL normal saline) at 10 minutes before anesthesia. No statistical significance was uncovered among three groups in blood pressure, oxygen saturation, frequency of laryngospasm and duration of surgery amongst the groups (P > 0.05), but DEX having lower heart rate and cough frequency (P < 0.05). Moreover, the mean of Ramsay score was statistically higher in DEX and LID groups than PBO except at the 50th and 60th minutes after extubation (P < 0.05). Since the mean of Ramsay score was higher in DEX vs. LID groups and reduced heart rate and cough frequency demonstrates in DEX, it seems that DEX could be an appropriate drug on suppressing cough during anesthesia without side effects. The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences by code IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.140 on August 19, 2018, and the protocol was registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials by code IRCT20141209020258N97 on February 22, 2019.
The role of nitric oxide in peptic ulcer
Authors: Liang Tian-Yu , Deng Ru-Ming , Li Xiang , Xu Xiang , Chen Gang
Published: February 2021

Peptic ulcer refers to the inflammatory response and necrotic lesions of the mucosa under the action of various pathogenic factors, which goes deeply into the mucosal muscle layer and often occurs to the gastrointestinal mucosa related to gastric acid secretion, among which the stomach and duodenum are the most common. The clinical manifestations include slow onset, prolonged course and weekly upper abdominal pain. Nitric oxide (NO) is an intracellular and intercellular signaling molecule that plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. Studies have found that a small amount of NO produced in vivo plays a role in many physiological homeostasis, such as regulating blood pressure, platelet aggregation, nitrogenization of hemoglobin, and regulating proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. However, under the action of some cytokines and oxidative stress, intracellular NO synthase will catalyze the synthesis of large amounts of NO and participate in the inflammatory response, causing beneficial or harmful effect on the body. Numerous basic studies have focused on the relationship between NO and peptic ulcer. The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of NO in peptic ulcer and its possible mechanism.
Spectral analysis on Barlow and Evans’ projective limit fractals
Authors: Steinhurst Benjamin , Teplyaev Alexander
Published: February 2021

We review the projective limit construction of a state space for a Markov process use by Barlow and Evans. On this state space we construct a projective limit Dirichlet form in a process analogous to Barlow and Evan’s construction of a Markov process. Then we study the spectral properties of the corresponding Laplacian using the projective limit construction. For some examples, such as the Laakso spaces and a Sierpiński pâte à choux, one can develop a complete spectral theory, including the eigenfunction expansions that are analogous to Fourier series. In addition, we construct connected fractal spaces isospectral to the fractal strings of Lapidus and van Frankenhuijsen. Our work is motivated by recent progress in mathematical physics on fractals.
The density of states of 1D random band matrices via a supersymmetric transfer operator
Authors: Disertori Margherita , Lohmann Martin , Sodin Sasha
Published: February 2021

Recently,M. and T. Shcherbina proved a pointwise semicircle law for the density of states of one-dimensional Gaussian band matrices of large bandwidth. The main step of their proof is a new method to study the spectral properties of non-self-adjoint operators in the semiclassical regime. The method is applied to a transfer operator constructed from the supersymmetric integral representation for the density of states.

We present a simpler proof of a slightly upgraded version of the semicircle law, which requires only standard semiclassical arguments and some peculiar elementary computations. The simplification is due to the use of supersymmetry, which manifests itself in the commutation between the transfer operator and a family of transformations of superspace, and was applied earlier in the context of band matrices by Constantinescu. Other versions of this supersymmetry have been a crucial ingredient in the study of the localization–delocalization transition by theoretical physicists.
Case Report: Severe COVID-19 and Dengue in an Indonesian Infant
Authors: Alam Anggraini , Sudarwati Sri , Hakim Dzulfikar Djalil Lukmanul , Mahdiani Sally
Published: February 2021

We report a case of a 10-month infant with dual severe infection of COVID-19 and dengue fever who was admitted to the hospital with an influenza-like illness. The patient experienced severe conditions of COVID-19 and dengue fever with shock followed by disseminated intravascular coagulation. The standard of COVID-19 care was given coupled with fluid resuscitation and blood transfusion. The pitfalls of this case are how to differentiate the clinical manifestation of dengue fever in a patient with confirmed COVID-19; the difficulty to monitor the dengue course of illness of the patient in the COVID-19 isolation room; and to differentiate the severe dengue from the multisystem inflammatory syndrome-C when the patient was in critical condition. The infant recovered without sequale, but the management of new probable cases must be improved more thoroughly, especially during dengue peak period in tropical and developing countries such as Indonesia.