bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kluczowe czynniki sukcesu w zarządzaniu przedsiębiorstwami podczas pandemii COVID-19
Authors: Jedynak Piotr , Bąk Sylwia
Published: March 2023

Celem tekstu jest identyfikacja oraz kategoryzacja kluczowych czynników sukcesu wybranych przedsiębiorstw w trakcie trwania globalnej pandemii COVID-19. W części teoretycznej, w pierwszej kolejności, zidentyfikowano warunki funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw w trakcie pandemii COVID-19, a następnie ukazano czynniki sukcesu jako kategorię wyjaśniającą wyniki przedsiębiorstw w tym okresie. Cel pracy został zrealizowany poprzez badania empiryczne przeprowadzone na próbie 22 przedsiębiorstw reprezentujących różne sektory, o zasięgu zarówno globalnym, jak i lokalnym. Badania zrealizowano przy wykorzystaniu triangulacji metod badawczych. Główną metodą wykorzystaną w procedurze badawczej było wielokrotne studium przypadku. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań pozwoliły na ustalenie, że zidentyfikowane czynniki warunkujące sukces badanych przedsiębiorstw w trakcie pandemii tworzą siedem kategorii: strategia, model biznesu, zasoby, elastyczność, produkty/usługi, relacje z klientami oraz otoczenie zewnętrzne.
Kultura organizacji, planowanie i innowacyjność polskich firm w dobie pandemii
Authors: Prokopowicz Piotr , Kocór Marcin
Published: March 2023

W obliczu kryzysu związanego z pandemią koronawirusa, dwa wymiary działalności przedsiębiorstw stały się szczególnie istotnym przedmiotem debaty publicznej i naukowej. Pierwszy to transformacja kultur organizacji, będąca konsekwencją zmian w sposobach organizacji pracy. Drugi to skrócenie perspektywy planowania działań przedsiębiorstw, będące konsekwencją niepewności w środowisku gospodarczym. W artykule dokonano analizy dynamiki przemian w zakresie kultur organizacji oraz planów działań polskich firm oraz ich powiązań z odpornością na kryzys pandemiczny w zakresie innowacyjności. Źródłem danych są wyniki badania panelowego reprezentatywnej próby polskich średnich i dużych przedsiębiorstw, przeprowadzonego przez autorów i zespół projektu „Bilans Kapitału Ludzkiego” (BLK). Wskazano w nim, że wbrew przewidywaniom wynikającym z perspektyw teoretycznych, podkreślających znaczenie elastyczności kultur i struktur organizacyjnych dla innowacyjności, w czasie kryzysu firmy o stabilnej kulturze hierarchicznej oraz stabilnych planach działań zwiększają szansę na wprowadzenie innowacji.
Mikrotransakcje i DLC jako forma monetyzacji gier wideo
Authors: Jatkiewicz Przemysław , Mieczkowski Łukasz
Published: March 2023

W artykule zaprezentowano badania związane z dodatkową formą uzyskiwania przychodów z gier komputerowych, jakimi są mikrotransakcje oraz DLC. Ankietowano polskich graczy w celu określenia ich skłonności do ponoszenia kosztów zakupu dodatków do gier. Na podstawie wstępnych obserwacji forów internetowych postawiono hipotezę, że stosunek ten jest negatywny oraz uzależniony od płci, wieku i wykształcenia graczy. Hipoteza ta została tylko częściowo potwierdzona. Gracze nie są skłonni wydawać pieniędzy jedynie na dodatki do gier na platformę mobilną. Stwierdzono też statystycznie istotną zależność wspomnianej skłonności od płci.
Specyfika rynku kontroli przedsiębiorstw jako rynku reagującego na zdarzenie katastroficzne
Authors: Melnarowicz Krzysztof
Published: March 2023

W artykule podjęto tematykę wpływu zdarzenia katastroficznego, jakim niewątpliwie jest obecna pandemia związana z wirusem COVID-19, na rynek kontroli przedsiębiorstw. Celem publikacji jest wykazanie specyfiki rynku kontroli przedsiębiorstw jako rynku reagującego na zdarzenie katastroficzne. W tym celu autor postawił dwa pytania badawcze: 1. Czy istnieje specyfika rynku fuzji i przejęć polegająca na pewnej reakcji tego rynku na zdarzenia katastroficzne? 2. Jak zachowują się inwestorzy branżowi i finansowi w okresie pandemii? Aby odpowiedzieć na tak zadane pytania, została przeprowadzona analiza dostępnych danych statystycznych z rynku fuzji i przejęć zarówno transakcji krajowych, jak i globalnych. Następnie w części empirycznej przedstawiono badanie studium przypadku w celu potwierdzenia pewnych zachowań rynku, które zostały ujawnione w trakcie analizy. W wyniku przeprowadzonej analizy dostępnych danych statystycznych oraz studium przypadku odnaleziono pewne elementy specyfiki rynku kontroli przedsiębiorstw jako rynku reagującego na zdarzenie katastroficzne. Na koniec autor zaleca przeprowadzenie dalszych, pogłębionych badań dotyczących specyfiki rynku kontroli przedsiębiorstw jako rynku reagującego na zdarzenie katastroficzne.
Relacje między klientem a wykonawcą i ich wpływ na wskaźniki systemu controllingu projektów budowlanych
Authors: Głodziński Eryk
Published: March 2023

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie głównych czynników wpływających na kształtowanie relacji klienta z wykonawcą projektu budowlanego oraz zdefiniowanie tych kategorii systemu controllingu, na które relacje te mogą wpływać. Określono, że czynnikami moderującymi relacje są: zapisy umowne, cele strategiczne stron kontraktu, zewnętrzny kontekst projektu, zaufanie, formalny i nieformalny system komunikacji. W artykule zdefiniowano następujące mierniki systemu zarządzania controllingu kształtowane przez relacje klienta z wykonawcą budowlanym: poziom zatwierdzenia i zafakturowania zrealizowanych prac, poziom akceptacji zmian optymalizacyjnych, poziom zatwierdzenia dostarczonej dokumentacji, wysokość kar umownych z tytułu opóźnień lub wad jakościowych, płynność finansowa projektu, potencjalne przychody z nowych projektów. Wykazano, że relacje między klientem a wykonawcą mogą wpływać na wybrane wskaźniki controllingowe. Wyniki badań mogą pomóc kierownikom projektów klienta oraz wykonawcy w doskonaleniu systemu controllingu projektu, co powinno się przyczynić do wzrostu ich skuteczności i efektywności
Kwestia wdrożenia zestawów MLHV-HCT-HCV/SEC w Polsce
Authors: Brach Jarosław
Published: March 2023

W artykule przedstawiono celowość wprowadzenia w polskich warunkach megawydłużonych zestawów drogowych o podwyższonej dopuszczalnej masie całkowitej, nazywanych HCT-HCV/SEC. Autor przeanalizował, czy istnieje w naszym kraju ekonomiczny, użytkowy i ekologiczny sens wprowadzenia zestawów tego rodzaju, a jeżeli tak, to jak powinien przebiegać proces ich wprowadzania oraz jakie mogą towarzyszyć temu podstawowe szanse i zagrożenia. Temat ten został podjęty, gdyż w krajowym piśmiennictwie w tej sferze istnieje dotąd niemal całkowita luka badawcza, a jest to tematyka ważna z biznesowego i ekologicznego punktu widzenia. Artykuł w pierwszej części bazuje głównie na opracowaniach i informacjach pochodzących ze skandynawskich i holenderskich instytucji badawczych, uczelni wyższych, interesariuszy, przewoźników oraz instytucji nadzorujących drogi. Uzupełniają to dane badawcze udostępnione przez włączony w te wdrożenia koncern Volvo Trucks. Część druga artykułu opiera się zaś na studium przygotowanym przez autora w 2019r. na rzecz Scanii Polska, dotyczącym tego, czy polscy przewoźnicy w kraju i za granicą mogą już używać zestawów klasy SEC. Odpowiedź jest twierdząca, a w artykule wskazano elementy przemawiające za takim rozwiązaniem. Artykuł zawiera też autorskie koncepcje wdrożenia cięższych leśnych zestawów kategorii MET/MEV i cięższych miejskich pojazdów klasy BET Miasto – City.
Czynniki krytyczne rozwoju elektromobilności z perspektywy zrównoważonych i rezylientnych systemów mobilności
Authors: Motowidlak Urszula , Górniak Joanna
Published: March 2023

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja czynników krytycznych warunkujących rozwój ekosystemu elektromobilności w kontekście zrównoważonych, innowacyjnych i rezylientnych systemów mobilności. Artykuł poświęcono badaniu relacji zachodzących między rozwojem systemu elektromobilności a możliwościami kreowania zrównoważonego i odpornego na zakłócenia łańcucha wartości tego systemu. W artykule dokonano przeglądu zasadniczych strategii rozwoju mobilności, zgodnie z założeniami Europejskiego Zielonego Ładu i pakietu „Fit for 55”. Ukazano aktualny stan rozwoju rynku pojazdów elektrycznych (EV), który implikuje szereg wyzwań w kontekście kreowania zrównoważonej i rezylientnej mobilności.Przegląd literatury przedmiotu oraz wyniki badań pilotażowych potwierdziły znaczenie czynników krytycznych. Zdaniem respondentów podjęcie aktywnych działań w zakresie zwiększenia poziomu zrównoważenia i rezylientności systemu należy w pierwszej kolejności skoncentrować na dalszym rozwoju infrastruktury ładowania oraz kreowaniu łańcucha wartości baterii do pojazdów EV, czyli engineering resilience.
Colorectal cancer statistics, 2023
Authors: Siegel Rebecca L. , Wagle Nikita Sandeep , Cercek Andrea , Smith Robert A. , Jemal Ahmedin
Published: March 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer death in the United States. Every 3 years, the American Cancer Society provides an update of CRC statistics based on incidence from population‐based cancer registries and mortality from the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2023, approximately 153,020 individuals will be diagnosed with CRC and 52,550 will die from the disease, including 19,550 cases and 3750 deaths in individuals younger than 50 years. The decline in CRC incidence slowed from 3%–4% annually during the 2000s to 1% annually during 2011–2019, driven partly by an increase in individuals younger than 55 years of 1%–2% annually since the mid‐1990s. Consequently, the proportion of cases among those younger than 55 years increased from 11% in 1995 to 20% in 2019. Incidence since circa 2010 increased in those younger than 65 years for regional‐stage disease by about 2%–3% annually and for distant‐stage disease by 0.5%–3% annually, reversing the overall shift to earlier stage diagnosis that occurred during 1995 through 2005. For example, 60% of all new cases were advanced in 2019 versus 52% in the mid‐2000s and 57% in 1995, before widespread screening. There is also a shift to left‐sided tumors, with the proportion of rectal cancer increasing from 27% in 1995 to 31% in 2019. CRC mortality declined by 2% annually from 2011–2020 overall but increased by 0.5%–3% annually in individuals younger than 50 years and in Native Americans younger than 65 years. In summary, despite continued overall declines, CRC is rapidly shifting to diagnosis at a younger age, at a more advanced stage, and in the left colon/rectum. Progress against CRC could be accelerated by uncovering the etiology of rising incidence in generations born since 1950 and increasing access to high‐quality screening and treatment among all populations, especially Native Americans.
La Lista Roja de Hispania Nostra
Authors: Muñoz Cosme Alfonso
Published: March 2023

La Lista Roja es una forma de participación social mediante la utilización de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para la conservación del patrimonio cultural. La información aportada por cualquier persona o asociación es analizada por el Comité Científico, integrado por profesionales del patrimonio, para su inclusión. La causa más frecuente de riesgo para la inclusión en la Lista Roja es el abandono y la falta de mantenimiento, motivados por la despoblación, por la falta de actividad o por problemas de propiedad.

Actualmente hay en la Lista Roja 1.252 bienes culturales, y cada año suelen ingresar más de un centenar de nuevos elementos. Los bienes culturales que se encuentran en la Lista Roja y que son consolidados, restaurados o rehabilitados, o dejan de estar en riesgo, pasan a formar parte de la Lista Verde. Cuando un bien cultural que se encuentra en la Lista Roja es demolido o pierde de manera irremisible sus valores patrimoniales, pasa a estar integrado en la Lista Negra.

La inclusión en la Lista Roja constituye una llamada de atención a las administraciones competentes y a los propietarios para que conserven y mantengan el patrimonio cultural. Invitamos a todos los ciudadanos para que, si encuentran un bien cultural en mal estado de conservación o con riesgo de perder su integridad o sus valores patrimoniales, lo comunique a la Lista Roja, para contribuir a la conservación de ese patrimonio de todos.
A utilização do Paebes Tri no ensino médio: possibilidades para uma análise estatística do desenvolvimento da educação básica do Espírito Santo
Authors: Lucindo Ariany , Nunes Marcus Antonius da Costa
Published: March 2023

Ao longo das últimas três décadas, a avaliação educacional em larga escala vem se consolidando como uma ferramenta indispensável para a produção de diagnósticos mais precisos e assertivos sobre a qualidade da educação ofertada. Sob essa perspectiva, a Secretaria de Educação do Estado do Espírito Santo (SEDU) criou a Avaliação Interna Trimestral Diagnóstica da Aprendizagem (PAEBES TRI), com o intuito de identificar previamente as competências e habilidades adquiridas pelos estudantes em cada trismestre. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente artigo é compreender quais os dados qualitativos dos descritores do PAEBES TRI e comparar a evolução nos anos de 2017, 2018 e 2019, analisando a utilização dos índices das questões como instrumento de intervenção pedagógica. Os resultados nos permitem discutir que ações como o PAEBES TRI auxiliam a reduzir os impactos negativos da aprendizagem dos alunos.
Checklist de desmame da ventilação mecânica invasiva e extubação em pacientes cardiopatas adultos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Pereira Luiz Vitor Andrade Lacerda , Carvalho Epamela Sulamita Vitor de , Melo Max de Araújo , Leite Sarah Joysi Almeida , Brito Bruno da Silva , Pereira Paloma Almeida , Araujo Josefa Leandra Machado de , Santos Caio Vinicius de Oliveira , Carvalho Ana Beatriz Cavalcante de , Silva Anna Beatriz Malta da
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Identificar por meio de uma revisão, a existência de checklists para desmame e extubação em pacientes cardiopatas.  Método: Este estudo é caracterizado como uma revisão integrativa de literatura, de abordagem descritiva e de caráter qualitativo, que se deu por meio do levantamento de artigos científicos que tivessem relação com o objetivo do estudo. Foi realizado um levantamento nas bases de dados da National Library of Medicine (PubMed); Scopus; PEDro; e Lilacs. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos que tivessem relação com a temática proposta, publicados nos últimos 10 anos, disponíveis na íntegra e sem restrição de idiomas. Enquanto que os critérios de exclusão foram artigos de revisão bibliográfica, artigos ou resumos que estivessem sido publicados em anais de congresso, monografias e teses; além de cartas de editores e preprints. Resultados: Foram encontrados um total de 189 artigos, nos quais todos tiveram seus títulos e resumos lidos, posteriormente a isto, 186 artigos foram excluídos por não atenderem aos critérios de elegibilidade, restando 3 artigos que foram lidos criteriosamente na integra, após leitura completa, 2 artigos foram selecionados. Considerações finais: Diversos fatores podem interferir no processo e desfecho do desmame ventilatório, bem como nos resultados positivos após a extubação. Como fator mais importante, destaca-se que a ausência de protocolos de desmame aumenta o número de extubações não programadas. Sendo necessária a investigação com maior rigor metodológico e aplicação de ferramentas específicas para este grupo que sofre diversas interferências clínicas no seu sucesso de desmame e extubação.
Evaluation of medical school faculty members’ educational performance in Korea in 2022 through analysis of the promotion regulations: a mixed methods study
Authors: Jang Hye Won , Park Janghee
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To ensure faculty members’ active participation in education in response to growing demand, medical schools should clearly describe educational activities in their promotion regulations. This study analyzed the status of how medical education activities are evaluated in promotion regulations in 2022, in Korea.Methods: Data were collected from promotion regulations retrieved by searching the websites of 22 medical schools/universities in August 2022. To categorize educational activities and evaluation methods, the Association of American Medical Colleges framework for educational activities was utilized. Correlations between medical schools’ characteristics and the evaluation of medical educational activities were analyzed.Results: We defined 6 categories, including teaching, development of education products, education administration and service, scholarship in education, student affairs, and others, and 20 activities with 57 sub-activities. The average number of included activities was highest in the development of education products category and lowest in the scholarship in education category. The weight adjustment factors of medical educational activities were the characteristics of the target subjects and faculty members, the number of involved faculty members, and the difficulty of activities. Private medical schools tended to have more educational activities in the regulations than public medical schools. The greater the number of faculty members, the greater the number of educational activities in the education administration and service categories.Conclusion: Medical schools included various medical education activities and their evaluation methods in promotion regulations in Korea. This study provides basic data for improving the rewarding system for efforts of medical faculty members in education.
Lordon and the 2008 Crisis
Authors: Watt Calum
Published: March 2023

While broadly sketching the impact of the financial crisis in France, noting how the French bank BNP Paribas saw one of its early flash points in August 2007, Chapter 1 analyses the way Frédéric Lordon engages with this history. The main focus is on Lordon’s satirical play written in Alexandrine verse and loosely based on the Sarkozy government’s response to the financial crisis, D’un retournement l’autre: Comédie sérieuse sur la crise financière. En quatre actes, et en alexandrins (2011), and its film adaptation by the prolific left-wing director and writer Gérard Mordillat, Le Grand Retournement (2013). The chapter contextualises Lordon’s play, its style and its conceptual aims within his wider intellectual project, which draws on Marx and Spinoza to provide a theory of how affects underpin social and political structures, and also reads the play in relation to his more recent activism and engagement with documentary filmmaking.
Dreaming Futures
Authors: Watt Calum
Published: March 2023

Carrying forward the idea of a creative use of derivative procedures, this chapter analyses a group of literary and visual works which refashion the derivative in socially productive ways, even if they do not explicitly conceive of these procedures in derivative terms. One of the key examples is Christophe Hanna’s book Argent (2018), whose organising principle is an econometric which divides the French population into slices of net monthly income. The book – somewhere between a sociological report and a work of poetry – recounts Hanna’s discussions on the subject of money with one hundred (real) individuals, each individual corresponding to a percentile of income distribution and identified by their income amount.
KINERJA BADAN KEPEGAWAIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN DAERAH DALAM MENERAPKAN SISTEM MERIT BERBASIS TALENT SCOUTING DI KABUPATEN TEGAL
Authors: Kusmana Dedi , Prasetyawan Fredy
Published: March 2023

The purpose of writing the final report aims to analyze the performance of BKD in implementing a talent scouting-based Merit System in Tegal Regency, as well as to answer problems that have been formulated and provide efforts related to these problems and obstacles. The theory used by the writer is the theory of performance according to Agus Dwiyanto 2008. The method used is a descriptive research method with an inductive approach. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, and documentation. While the data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data display, and conclusion / verification.The results showed that of the five performance indicators, only the responsiveness indicator was lacking. The conclusion is that the performance of the BKD of Tegal Regency in implementing a merit system based on talent scouting in Tegal Regency has been running well but there are still obstacles in terms of infrastructure and individual apparatus such as lack of motivation in following the selection process. Efforts have been made, namely leasing infrastructure and socializing talent scouting.

Keywords: Apparatus, Merit system based on talent scouting, Performance
Upaya Perubahan Struktur Organisasi Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Bandung Dalam Menciptakan Kualitas Pelayanan Publik
Authors: Effendi Lina Marlina
Published: March 2023

Perubahan organisasi merupakan kebutuhan untuk menyusuaikan dengan kemampuan yang dimiliki  sehingga tercipta struktur organisasi yang ideal dalam mewujudkan pemerintahan yang efektif. Tujuan penelitian dimaksudkan untuk menganalisis perubahan struktur organisasi dalam menciptakan kualitas pelayanan publik, metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan yaitu metode diskritif kualitatif yang menggambarkan situasi dan kondisi organisasi dalam melakukan pelayanan publik dengan melakukan pemberdayaan manajemen dalam organisasi sehingga tujuan dari lembaga tercapai secara optimal. kemudian penentuan informan secara purposive, dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dalam menganalisis data mengacu pada teori Stephen P. Robbins dan Mary Coulter, di mana perubahan organisasi terdiri dari tiga dimensi perubahan yaitu struktur, teknologi dan rakyat. Hasil dalam penelitian ini yaitu Kondisi penataan organisasi perangkat daerah Kabupaten Bandung sudah tertata namun saat ini masih kurang optimal dan terdapat kendala-kendala dalam pelaksanaan tugas, fungsi dan tangungjawab pada manajemen dalam organisasi. Penulis menyimpulkan adanya upaya yang dilakukan  pemerintahan daearah yaitu melakukan perubahan struktur organisasi khususnya pada manajemen, agar tidak terjadi ketimpangan atau salaing mengandalkan dalam pelaksanaan tugas, dan perampingan struktur organisasi sehingga dalam melaksankan tugas dan fungsi sesuai yang dibebankan kepada masing pemegang keputusan atau pekerjaan.

Kata Kunci: Perubahan Struktur Organisasi, Kualitas Pelayanan Publik; Manajemen Pelayanan Publik
Efektivitas Program SKPP Daring dalam Meningkatkan Pengawasan Partisipatif Masyarakat di Kota Payakumbuh
Authors: Hanifah Puja Arifti , Putri Nora Eka
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas Program Sekolah Kader Pengawas Partisipatif Dalam Jaringan (SKPP Daring) dalam meningkatkan pengawasan partisipatif masyarakat di Kota Payakumbuh, serta mengidentifikasi kendala yang dihadapi dalam penyelenggaraan program tersebut. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi upaya-upaya yang dilakukan dalam meningkatkan efektivias program tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori efektivitas menurut Campbell, serta teori kendala menurut Hansendan Mowen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dan informan dipilih menggunakan teknikpurposive sampling. Dalam pengumpulan data digunakan teknik wawancara dengan 9 (sembilan) orang informan, dan studi dokumentasi untuk dokumen dalam penelitian. Uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan metode triangulasi, sedangkan teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan mereduksi data, display data dan menarikkesimpulan dari penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Program SekolahKader Pengawas Partisipatif Dalam Jaringan (SKPP Daring) dalam meningkatkan pengawasan partisipatif masyarakat di Kota Payakumbuh belum efektif yaitu pada indikator pencapaian tujuan menyeluruh. Adapun kendala internal disebabkan karena jaringan signal, sedangkan kendala eksternal berupa adaptasi penggunaanteknologi dan perbedaan interpretasi peserta terhadap pelaksanaan program, serta kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat awam untuk mengakses informasi terkait program. Agar seluruh tujuan program dapat tercapai, Bawaslu Kota Payakumbuh berupaya untuk menindaklanjuti kader-kader yang telah terbentuk sehingga tujuanpembentukan pusat pendidikan pengawasan pemilu dan pilkada yang berkesinambungan dapat tercapai.

Kata Kunci: Efektivitas; Pengawasan Partisipatif; SKPP Daring
Biosafety and biosecurity challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond
Authors: Rutjes Saskia A. , Vennis Iris M. , Wagner Edith , Maisaia Vakhtang , Peintner Lukas
Published: March 2023

As the world continues to battle the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, it is a stark reminder of the devastation biological threats can cause. In an unprecedented way the global community saw a massive surge in the demand for diagnostic capacities, which had a substantial impact on biosafety and biosecurity. Laboratories had to cope with a surge in laboratory testing capacity, while resources and training possibilities were limited. In addition, the pandemic highlighted the impact biological threats can have, thereby giving rise to new dialogue about biosecurity and new biological threats. This paper aims to highlight some of the most pressing issues regarding biosafety and biosecurity observed during the COVID-19 pandemic with special focus on low and lower middle-income countries. The authors provide lessons learned, tools and recommendations to improve future biosafety and biosecurity and increase preparedness for the next global health crisis.
Increased response of vegetation to soil moisture in the northern hemisphere drylands
Authors: Wang Xi , Zhao Fubo , Wu Yiping
Published: March 2023

Vegetation plays a significant role in terrestrial ecosystems due to its strong carbon absorption capability and multiple feedback effects on the climate system. The soil moisture availability determines vegetation growth, especially in the drylands. Although there has been increasing interest in issues such as the vegetation’s response to a specific climate variable, it remains unclear how soil moisture can quantitatively influence the vegetation in the drylands. In this study, we investigated the increased response of the vegetation to soil moisture and identified its key mechanism in the northern hemisphere drylands (NHD) from 1982 to 2010. The Methods included the use of the Lindeman-Merenda-Gold method. The results showed that the sensitivity of the vegetation dynamics to soil moisture significantly increased over the past 29 years (slope = 0.008, p < 0.0001), and the trend during 1996–2007 (slope = 0.025 m3/m3/yr, p < 0.0001) increased more rapidly than the trend during 1984–1995 (slope = −0.005 m3/m3/yr, p = 0.0143), which indicates increased water restrictions in recent years. Further analysis showed that atmospheric CO2 was the major contributor (27.2%) to the sensitivity changes, followed by climate change (27%), and nitrogen deposition (19%). The changes in the ecosystem structure (represented by the non-tree cover areas) and climate vacillation contributed similarly to the sensitivity change (14% and 12%). These findings can help with understanding the spatiotemporal impact of water restrictions on vegetation in the NHD and the related influencing mechanisms of vegetation growth and soil moisture in the greening and warming of the NHD.
An overview of traditional Chinese medicine affecting gut microbiota in obesity
Authors: Li Donghui , Tang Weiwei , Wang Yanyan , Gao Qi , Zhang Hongwei , Zhang Yu , Wang Yuliang , Yang Yongyi , Zhou Yingming , Zhang Yike , Li Haonan , Li Shuo , Zhao Hong
Published: March 2023

Obesity, a chronic metabolic disease with a complex pathophysiology, is caused by several variables. High-fat diets lead to the disruption of the gut microbiota and impaired gut barrier function in obese people. The dysbiosis and its metabolites through the intestinal barrier lead to an imbalance in energy metabolism and inflammatory response, which eventually contributes to the development of chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Current medicines are therapeutic to obesity in the short term; however, they may bring significant physical and emotional problems to patients as major side effects. Therefore, it is urgent to explore new therapeutic methods that have definite efficacy, can be taken for a long time, and have mild adverse effects. Numerous studies have demonstrated that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can control the gut microbiota in a multi-targeted and comprehensive manner, thereby restoring flora homeostasis, repairing damaged intestinal mucosal barriers, and eventually curbing the development of obesity. The active ingredients and compounds of TCM can restore the normal physiological function of the intestinal mucosal barrier by regulating gut microbiota to regulate energy metabolism, inhibit fat accumulation, affect food appetite, and reduce intestinal mucosal inflammatory response, thereby effectively promoting weight loss and providing new strategies for obesity prevention and treatment. Although there are some studies on the regulation of gut microbiota by TCM to prevent and treat obesity, all of them have the disadvantage of being systematic and comprehensive. Therefore, this work comprehensively describes the molecular mechanism of obesity mediated by gut microbiota based on the research state of obesity, gut microbiota, and TCM. A comprehensive and systematic summary of TCM targeting the regulation of gut microbiota for the treatment of obesity should be conducted in order to provide new strategies and ideas for the treatment of obesity.
Virtual inertia based hierarchical control scheme for distributed generations considering communication delay
Authors: Zhou Chang , Liao Yingqi , Zhang Kaifeng , Xu Xiaohui , Liao Jiaqi
Published: March 2023

The virtual inertia technology of DGs (Distributed Generations) can provide inertia and damping support for the power system by imitating the traditional synchronous machine. However, the inherent delay problems around the communication and process links of the virtual inertia control will make an impact on the fast support effect. In this paper, the virtual inertia based hierarchical control scheme considering communication delay for distributed generations integration systems is proposed. The hierarchical control architecture including the PQ primary control and the virtual inertia based secondary control method which can realize the optimal power utilization and certain frequency support under the situation of communication signal delay at the same time. Firstly, the basic hierarchical control scheme for distributed generations and corresponding small signal modeling considering communication delay are presented. Then to enhance the inertia support ability of the distributed generation integration system, an improved hierarchical control strategy considering communication delay is designed based on the robust passivity method to compensate the equivalent delay disturbance. Finally, the effectiveness verification of the proposed control is carried out with the simulation cases in PSCAD platform.
Current-injected photovoltaic array for concentrated space solar power station
Authors: Li Xintong , Mi Jianwei , Zhang Yiqun , Chen Guangda , Fan Guanheng , Wang Dongxu , Du Yingchun
Published: March 2023

In this article, the power generation of a concentrated space solar power station (SSPS) is enhanced by current-injected total-cross-tied (TCT-CI) photovoltaic (PV) array. First, a mathematical model of the TCT-CI–connected PV array is established. Second, PV arrays with several common topologies and TCT-CI topology are simulated and analyzed using MATLAB/Simulink. At last, comparative experiments are conducted for TCT and TCT-CI–connected PV arrays under the condition of non-uniform light intensity distribution. The results of the above indicate the following: 1) TCT-CI–connected PV arrays reduce the difficulty of MPPT in concentrated SSPS, 2) TCT-CI–connected PV arrays increase the power generated in concentrated SSPS, and 3) TCT-CI–connected PV arrays are applicable for concentrated SSPS.
Identification of cuproptosis-related subtypes and the development of a prognostic model in glioma
Authors: Wu Zhaoping , Li Wei , Zhu Hecheng , Li Xuewen , Zhou Yi , Chen Quan , Huang Haoxuan , Zhang Wenlong , Jiang Xingjun , Ren Caiping
Published: March 2023

Introduction: A copper-dependent cell death, cuproptosis, involves copper binding with lipoylated tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle components. In cuproptosis, ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) and lipoylation act as key regulators. The mechanism of cuproptosis differs from the current knowledge of cell death, which may invigorate investigations into copper’s potential as a cancer treatment. An extremely dismal prognosis is associated with gliomas, the most prevalent primary intracranial tumor. In patients with glioma, conventional therapies, such as surgery and chemotherapy, have shown limited improvement. A variety of cell death modes have been confirmed to be operative in glioma oncogenesis and participate in the tumor microenvironment (TME), implicated in glioma development and progression. In this study, we aimed to explore whether cuproptosis influences glioma oncogenesis.

Methods: Gene expression profiles related to cuproptosis were comprehensively evaluated by comparing adjacent tissues from glioma tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/) database. Gene expression, prognostic, clinical, and pathological data of lower-grade gliomas (LGG) and glioblastoma were retrieved from TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/) databases. The datasets were managed by “Combat” algorithm to eliminate batch effects and then combined. A consensus clustering algorithm based on the Partitioning Around Medoid (PAM) algorithm was used to classified 725 patients with LGG and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) into two cuproptosis subtypes. According to the differentially expressed genes in the two cuproptosis subtypes, 725 patients were divided into 2 gene subtypes. Additionally, a scoring system that associated with TME was constructed to predict patient survival and patient immunotherapy outcomes. Furthermore, we constructed a prognostic CRG-score and nomogram system to predict the prognosis of glioma patients. 95 tissue specimens from 83 glioma patients undergoing surgical treatment were collected, including adjacent tissues. Using immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR, we verified cuproptosis-related genes expression and CRG-score predictive ability in these clinical samples.

Results: Our results revealed extensive regulatory mechanisms of cuproptosis-related genes in the cell cycle, TME, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognosis of glioma. We also developed a prognostic model based on cuproptosis. Through the verifications of database and clinical samples, we believe that cuproptosis affects the prognosis of glioma and potentially provides novel glioma research approaches.

Conclusion: We suggest that cuproptosis has potential importance in treating gliomas and could be utilized in new glioma research efforts.
Transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis reveal the anti-oxidation and immune boosting effects of mulberry leaves in growing mutton sheep
Authors: Cui Xiaopeng , Yang Yuxin , Zhang Minjuan , Liu Shuang , Wang Hexin , Jiao Feng , Bao Lijun , Lin Ziwei , Wei Xinlan , Qian Wei , Shi Xiang , Su Chao , Qian Yonghua
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Currently, the anti-oxidation of active ingredients in mulberry leaves (MLs) and their forage utilization is receiving increasing attention. Here, we propose that MLs supplementation improves oxidative resistance and immunity.

Methods

We conducted a trial including three groups of growing mutton sheep, each receiving fermented mulberry leaves (FMLs) feeding, dried mulberry leaves (DMLs) feeding or normal control feeding without MLs.

Results

Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that promoting anti-oxidation and enhancing disease resistance of MLs is attributed to improved tryptophan metabolic pathways and reduced peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Furthermore, immunity was markedly increased after FMLs treatment by regulating glycolysis and mannose-6-phosphate pathways. Additionally, there was better average daily gain in the MLs treatment groups.

Conclusion

These findings provide new insights for understanding the beneficial effects of MLs in animal husbandry and provide a theoretical support for extensive application of MLs in improving nutrition and health care values.
Construction of a lipid metabolism-related risk model for hepatocellular carcinoma by single cell and machine learning analysis
Authors: Mou Lisha , Pu Zuhui , Luo Yongxiang , Quan Ryan , So Yunhu , Jiang Hui
Published: March 2023

One of the most common cancers is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Numerous studies have shown the relationship between abnormal lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) and malignancies. In most studies, the single LMRG was studied and has limited clinical application value. This study aims to develop a novel LMRG prognostic model for HCC patients and to study its utility for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine. We used the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset and TCGA dataset of HCC samples and discovered differentially expressed LMRGs between primary and metastatic HCC patients. By using the least absolute selection and shrinkage operator (LASSO) regression machine learning algorithm, we constructed a risk prognosis model with six LMRGs (AKR1C1, CYP27A1, CYP2C9, GLB1, HMGCS2, and PLPP1). The risk prognosis model was further validated in an external cohort of ICGC. We also constructed a nomogram that could accurately predict overall survival in HCC patients based on cancer status and LMRGs. Further investigation of the association between the LMRG model and somatic tumor mutational burden (TMB), tumor immune infiltration, and biological function was performed. We found that the most frequent somatic mutations in the LMRG high-risk group were CTNNB1, TTN, TP53, ALB, MUC16, and PCLO. Moreover, naïve CD8+ T cells, common myeloid progenitors, endothelial cells, granulocyte-monocyte progenitors, hematopoietic stem cells, M2 macrophages, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells were significantly correlated with the LMRG high-risk group. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis showed that RNA degradation, spliceosome, and lysosome pathways were associated with the LMRG high-risk group. For the first time, we used scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq to construct an LMRG-related risk score model, which may provide insights into more effective treatment strategies for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine of HCC patients.
Radiomics-guided checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy for precision medicine in cancer: A review for clinicians
Authors: Zhou Huijie , Luo Qian , Wu Wanchun , Li Na , Yang Chunli , Zou Liqun
Published: March 2023

Immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a breakthrough in oncology development and has been applied to multiple solid tumors. However, unlike traditional cancer treatment approaches, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) initiate indirect cytotoxicity by generating inflammation, which causes enlargement of the lesion in some cases. Therefore, rather than declaring progressive disease (PD) immediately, confirmation upon follow-up radiological evaluation after four–eight weeks is suggested according to immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (ir-RECIST). Given the difficulty for clinicians to immediately distinguish pseudoprogression from true disease progression, we need novel tools to assist in this field. Radiomics, an innovative data analysis technique that quantifies tumor characteristics through high-throughput extraction of quantitative features from images, can enable the detection of additional information from early imaging. This review will summarize the recent advances in radiomics concerning immunotherapy. Notably, we will discuss the potential of applying radiomics to differentiate pseudoprogression from PD to avoid condition exacerbation during confirmatory periods. We also review the applications of radiomics in hyperprogression, immune-related biomarkers, efficacy, and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). We found that radiomics has shown promising results in precision cancer immunotherapy with early detection in noninvasive ways.
Strategies for optimizing CITE-seq for human islets and other tissues
Authors: Colpitts Sarah J. , Budd Matthew A. , Monajemi Mahdis , Reid Kyle T. , Murphy Julia M. , Ivison Sabine , Verchere C. Bruce , Levings Megan K. , Crome Sarah Q.
Published: March 2023

Defining the immunological landscape of human tissue is an important area of research, but challenges include the impact of tissue disaggregation on cell phenotypes and the low abundance of immune cells in many tissues. Here, we describe methods to troubleshoot and standardize Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq) for studies involving enzymatic digestion of human tissue. We tested epitope susceptibility of 92 antibodies commonly used to differentiate immune lineages and cell states on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells following treatment with an enzymatic digestion cocktail used to isolate islets. We observed CD4, CD8a, CD25, CD27, CD120b, CCR4, CCR6, and PD1 display significant sensitivity to enzymatic treatment, effects that often could not be overcome with alternate antibodies. Comparison of flow cytometry-based CITE-seq antibody titrations and sequencing data supports that for the majority of antibodies, flow cytometry accurately predicts optimal antibody concentrations for CITE-seq. Comparison by CITE-seq of immune cells in enzymatically digested islet tissue and donor-matched spleen not treated with enzymes revealed little digestion-induced epitope cleavage, suggesting increased sensitivity of CITE-seq and/or that the islet structure may protect resident immune cells from enzymes. Within islets, CITE-seq identified immune cells difficult to identify by transcriptional signatures alone, such as distinct tissue-resident T cell subsets, mast cells, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Collectively this study identifies strategies for the rational design and testing of CITE-seq antibodies for single-cell studies of immune cells within islets and other tissues.
Crosstalk between cGAS-STING pathway and autophagy in cancer immunity
Authors: Lu Qijun , Chen Yukun , Li Jianwen , Zhu Feng , Zheng Zhan
Published: March 2023

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway is critical in cancer immunity. Autophagy is a highly conserved process that is responsible for the degradation of cytoplasmic material and is involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. Recently, cGAS-STING and autophagy have been shown to be interconnected, which may influence the progression of cancer. Although cGAS-STING and autophagy have been shown to be interrelated in innate immunity, little has been reported about cancer immunity. As cancer immunity is key to treating tumors, it is essential to summarize the relationship and interactions between the two. Based on this, we systematically sorted out the recent findings of cGAS-STING and autophagy in cancer immunity and explored the interactions between cGAS-STING and autophagy, although these interactions have not been extensively studied. Lastly, we provide an outlook on how cGAS-STING and autophagy can be combined, with the hope that our research can help people better understand their potential roles in cancer immunity and bring light to the treatment of cancer.
Hepatitis B virus infection: An insight into the clinical connection and molecular interaction between hepatitis B virus and host extrahepatic cancer risk
Authors: Min Yu , Wei Xiaoyuan , Xia Xi , Wei Zhigong , Li Ruidan , Jin Jing , Liu Zheran , Hu Xiaolin , Peng Xingchen
Published: March 2023

The evidence for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence is well established. The hepatocyte epithelium carcinogenesis caused by HBV has been investigated and reviewed in depth. Nevertheless, recent findings from preclinical and observational studies suggested that chronic HBV infection is equally important in extrahepatic cancer occurrence and survival, specifically gastrointestinal system-derived cancers. Immune microenvironment changes (immune-suppressive cytokine infiltration), epigenetic modification (N6-methyladenosine), molecular signaling pathways (PI3K–Akt and Wnt), and serum biomarkers such as hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein are potential underlying mechanisms in chronic HBV infection-induced extrahepatic cancers. This narrative review aimed to comprehensively summarize the most recent advances in evaluating the association between chronic HBV infection and extrahepatic cancer risk and explore the potential underlying molecular mechanisms in the carcinogenesis induction of extrahepatic cancers in chronic HBV conditions.
Tongue sole creatine kinases function as DAMP and activate antimicrobial immunity via TLR2
Authors: Li Xin , Jiang Shuai , Sun Li
Published: March 2023

Creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme that regulates adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism to maintain energy homeostasis. Although CK has been reported to be involved in pathogen infection, the immune function of CK remains elusive. In this study, we identified two muscle-type CK from the teleost tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis (designated CsCKM-1 and CsCKM-2). Bacterial infection modulated CsCKM-1/2 expression in tongue sole tissues and induced the release of CsCKM-1/2 into serum. Recombinant CsCKM-1/2 (rCsCKM-1/2) exhibited robust kinase activity and bound to bacterial pathogens and pathogen-associated molecular patterns. rCsCKM-1/2 also bound to tongue sole peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and promoted PBLs to uptake bacterial pathogens, inhibit bacterial proliferation, and express proinflammatory cytokines. When co-expressed in HEK293T cells, CsCKM-1/2 were found to interact with the leucine rich domain of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). The presence of TLR2 antagonist significantly reduced CsCKM-1/2-induced immune response and antibacterial effect. Taken together, these results indicated that tongue sole creatine kinases function as damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules and play an important role in antimicrobial immunity via TLR2.