bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POSS/gelatin‐polyglutamic acid hydrogel composites: Preparation, biological and mechanical characterization
Authors: Renò Filippo , Carniato Fabio , Rizzi Manuela , Marchese Leonardo , Laus Michele , Antonioli Diego
Published: November 2012

Novel hydrogel composites based on natural gelatin matrix and containing different loading of a water soluble octa‐ammonium POSS (POSS‐NH3+), (from 0.5 to 2 wt%) have been prepared in this work and their biocompatibility and mechanical behavior have been tested. The presence of 1 wt% of POSS‐NH3+ molecules in the hydrogel matrix increased the amount of human plasma proteins adsorption and human keratinocyte adhesion at 24 hours. In addition, the presence of increasing amounts of POSS in the hydrogel matrix allowed to a significantly increase of the matrix swelling degree at acid and neutral pH. Finally, a significant modulation of the mechanical characteristics (Young modulus, strain at break) of the hydrogel matrix induced by the presence of different amounts of POSS‐NH3+ was observed. The novel ability of POSS‐NH3+ to modulate both biological and mechanical properties of a natural hydrogel could be useful for the production of new composites of interest for soft tissue engineering. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Science is all in the eye of the beholder: Keyword maps in Google scholar citations
Authors: Ortega José Luis , Aguillo Isidro F.
Published: November 2012

This paper introduces a keyword map of the labels used by the scientists registered in the Google Scholar Citations (GSC) database from December 2011. In all, 15,000 random queries were formulated to GSC to obtain a list of 26,682 registered users. From this list a network graph of 6,660 labels was built and classified according to the Scopus Subject Area classes. Results display a detailed label map of the most used (>15 times) tags. The structural analysis shows that the core of the network is occupied by computer science–related disciplines that account for the most used and shared labels. This core is surrounded by clusters of disciplines related or close to computing such as Information Sciences, Mathematics, or Bioinformatics. Classical areas such as Chemistry and Physics are marginalized in the graph. It is suggested that GSC would in the future be an accurate source to map Science because it is based on the labels that scientists themselves use to describe their own research activity.
Constructions and applications of lifetime distributions
Authors: Lai C.D.
Published: November 2012

Lifetime (ageing) distributions play a fundamental role in reliability. We present a semi‐unified approach in constructing them, and show that most of the existing distributions may arise from one of these methods. Generalizations/modifications of the Weibull distribution are often required to prescribe the nonmonotonic nature of the empirical hazard rates. We also briefly outline some of the known applications of lifetime distributions in diverse disciplines. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vasoactive exposures during pregnancy and risk of microtia
Authors: Van Bennekom Carla M. , Mitchell Allen A. , Moore Cynthia A. , Werler Martha M. ,   and the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: November 2012

BACKGROUND

Little is known about the etiology of nonsyndromic microtia. This study investigated the hypothesis that microtia is caused by vascular disruption.

METHODS

The study analyzed data from the population‐based National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) for deliveries between 1997 and 2005. Four hundred eleven nonsyndromic cases of microtia, with or without additional defects, were compared to 6560 nonmalformed infants with respect to maternal exposures to vasoactive medications and smoking during the periconceptional period and conditions that have previously been associated with vascular events (multiple gestation, maternal history of type 1, type 2, or gestational diabetes, and hypertension). Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated with multivariable models, controlling for the effects of race/ethnicity, education, periconceptional folic acid use, and study center.

RESULTS

Risk estimates for vasoactive medications and smoking were not meaningfully increased. Maternal type 1/2 diabetes was diagnosed before or during the index pregnancy in 4% and 1% of cases, respectively, compared to 1% and 0.05% of controls; the adjusted OR for these two groups combined was 7.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.9–13.1). Gestational diabetes was observed for 9% of cases and 6% of controls; the OR was moderately elevated (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 0.9–2.0). ORs were also increased for multiple gestations (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.5–4.2) and pre‐existing hypertension (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0–2.5).

CONCLUSIONS

Because ORs were only elevated for diabetes and not for vasoactive exposures or other potential vascular events, findings suggest that some microtia occurrences may be part of the diabetic embryopathy rather than manifestations of vascular disruption. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Systems biology of pathogen‐host interaction: Networks of protein‐protein interaction within pathogens and pathogen‐human interactions in the post‐genomic era
Authors: Durmuş Tekir Saliha D. , Ülgen Kutlu Ö.
Published: November 2012

Infectious diseases comprise some of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Interactions between pathogen and host proteins underlie the process of infection. Improved understanding of pathogen‐host molecular interactions will increase our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in infection, and allow novel therapeutic solutions to be devised. Complete genome sequences for a number of pathogenic microorganisms, as well as the human host, has led to the revelation of their protein‐protein interaction (PPI) networks. In this post‐genomic era, pathogen‐host interactions (PHIs) operating during infection can also be mapped. Detailed systematic analyses of PPI and PHI data together are required for a complete understanding of pathogenesis of infections. Here we review the striking results recently obtained during the construction and investigation of these networks. Emphasis is placed on studies producing large‐scale interaction data by high‐throughput experimental techniques.
Continuous SSCF of AFEX™ pretreated corn stover for enhanced ethanol productivity using commercial enzymes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 424A (LNH‐ST)
Authors: Jin Mingjie , Gunawan Christa , Balan Venkatesh , Yu Xiurong , Dale Bruce E.
Published: November 2012

High productivity processes are critical for commercial production of cellulosic ethanol. One high productivity process—continuous hydrolysis and fermentation—has been applied in corn ethanol industry. However, little research related to this process has been conducted on cellulosic ethanol production. Here, we report and compare the kinetics of both batch SHF (separate hydrolysis and co‐fermentation) and SSCF (simultaneous saccharification and co‐fermentation) of AFEX™ (Ammonia Fiber Expansion) pretreated corn stover (AFEX™‐CS). Subsequently, we designed a SSCF process to evaluate continuous hydrolysis and fermentation performance on AFEX™‐CS in a series of continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs). Based on similar sugar to ethanol conversions (around 80% glucose‐to‐ethanol conversion and 47% xylose‐to‐ethanol conversion), the overall process ethanol productivity for continuous SSCF was 2.3‐ and 1.8‐fold higher than batch SHF and SSCF, respectively. Slow xylose fermentation and high concentrations of xylose oligomers were the major factors limiting further enhancement of productivity. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 1302–1311. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rethinking Concepts in Participatory Action Research and Their Potential for Social Transformation: Post‐structuralist Informed Methodological Reflections from LGBT and Trans‐Collective Projects
Authors: Johnson Katherine , Martínez Guzmán Antar
Published: November 2012

Participatory Action Research (PAR) aims to articulate knowledge production and transformative action. In this paper, we outline the sociopolitical background to our interest in LGBT and trans‐collectives as an important territory where PAR might make some intervention in the social conditions of LGBT lives by transforming dominant forms of representation that have emerged from a history of psychological and medical pathology. We present two projects, from UK and Spain that utilize post‐structuralist informed methods (interviews, photo‐production, discourse analysis, narrative production) within a PAR framework. We examine their potential for problematising representations of sexuality and gender by reflecting on the knowledge produced and the transformative action they provoke. We rethink power relationships inherent in PAR concepts of ‘participation’ and ‘empowerment’ through a post‐structuralist lens and argue that the achievements of PAR projects can be better understood as ‘co‐produced artifacts’. These (e.g. photo‐exhibition) are co‐owned by community members and researchers and their deployment in different settings (e.g. community or university) impacts on the meanings they convey and the action they provoke. Finally, we argue that through the use of post‐structuralist methods PAR can enable effective transformative action, but caution against the practice of reinstating normative representations in the invitation to participate under specific identity categories (e.g. LGBT, Trans, mental health service user). PAR projects can do this by considering naturalized definitions of who is vulnerable or marginalized as the object and field of social transformation, and the starting point for collective and political action. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Testing the Cambridge Quality Checklists on a review of disrupted families and crime
Authors: Jolliffe Darrick , Murray Joseph , Farrington David , Vannick Claire
Published: November 2012

Background

Systematic reviews of the relationship between non‐manipulated factors (e.g. low empathy) and offending are becoming more common, and it is important to consider the methodological quality of studies included in such reviews.

Aims

To assess aspects of the reliability and validity of the Cambridge Quality Checklists, a set of three measures for examining the methodological quality of studies included in systematic reviews of risk factors for offending.

Methods

All 60 studies in a systematic review of disrupted families and offending were coded on the CQC and codes compared with the effect sizes derived from the studies.

Results

Overall, the CQC was easy to score, and the relevant information was available in most studies. The scales had high inter‐rater reliability. Only 13 studies scored high on the Checklist of Correlates, 18 scored highly on the Checklist of Risk Factors and none scored highly on the Checklist of Causal Risk Factors. Generally, studies that were of lower quality had higher effect sizes.

Conclusions

The CQC could be a useful method of assessing the methodological quality of studies of risk factors for offending but might benefit from additional conceptual work, changes to the wording of some scales and additional levels for scoring. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Offender patients' opinions on placement in a forensic hospital
Authors: Margetić Branimir , Ivanec Dragutin , Žarković Palijan Tija , Kovačević Dražen
Published: November 2012

Background

People who become patients in secure hospitals may not understand their situation and have different opinions about the nature of institutionalisation from each other and from staff and the authorities. More knowledge of patient perspectives could improve treatment outcomes.

Aims

Our aim was to evaluate patients' beliefs about whether placement in an institution should be mainly punitive, therapeutic or a mixture of both and whether offence type should have any influence on the nature of the institutionalisation.

Methods

Inpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, from the Department of Forensic Psychiatry in Popovača, Croatia, were asked to report their personal opinions about appropriateness of placements according to three case vignettes related to psychotically motivated offences of (1) homicide; (2) property damage; and (3) arson.

Results

A total of 52 patients were eligible for participation and consenting. Their average age was 44 (±9.56) years and the mean duration of treatment in the specialist hospital was 7.7 (±5.59) years; just over a third of them (20 patients) had committed or attempted homicide. They were more likely than not to favour at least 5 years of detention in a secure hospital for a person with psychosis who had killed another, regardless of mental state, but that for minor property damage, improvement in mental state should be the key determinant of discharge. They were more equivocal about arsonists.

Conclusions

Perceptions of male offenders with psychosis on determinants of length of stay in a secure hospital appear to have much in common with what one would expect in the wider community. The fact that in spite of generally having poor insight into their own situation, these men could make judgments about fictitious but similar patients that appeared so unremarkable raised the possibility of building on this vignette study towards an educationally therapeutic module in preparation for rehabilitation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Compassionate use of the self‐expandable medtronic corevalve prosthesis for the treatment of pure aortic regurgitation in a patient at prohibitive risk for surgical valve replacement
Authors: Hildebrandt H.A. , Erbel R. , Kahlert P.
Published: November 2012

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a viable treatment option for high‐ and prohibitive‐risk patients with severe, calcified pure or predominant aortic valve stenosis, but not for pure aortic valve regurgitation. In fact, the use of TAVI for this indication is even considered unlikely due to the lack of calcium which appears essential for anchoring the stent‐valve and prevents dislocation. We report a case of a patient with severe, symptomatic pure aortic regurgitation, and a history of two previous open‐heart surgeries who was successfully treated by compassionate use implantation of an oversized Medtronic CoreValve prosthesis as an ultima ratio treatment option. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Concurrent antegrade transseptal inoue‐balloon mitral and aortic valvuloplasty
Authors: Abdou Sayed M. , Chen Yung‐Lung , Wu Chiung‐Jen , Lau Kean‐Wah , Hung Jui‐Sung
Published: November 2012

Background

The Inoue balloon has been in use for many years for mitral valvuloplasty. Aortic valvuloplasty using the Inoue balloon via transseptal approach was developed in the hope of providing better results with less potential vascular access complications.

Methods and Results

In this study, we present our experience in percutaneous valvuloplasty using the Inoue balloon in 14 patients with combined rheumatic mitral and aortic stenosis (AS) in a single stage procedure via antegrade transseptal approach. The study group was characterized by relatively young age (mean 37.5 ± 9.6 years). Aortic followed by mitral valvuloplasty via antegrade approach resulted in a fall of transaortic peak pressure gradient (PG) from 59.1 ± 11.2 mm Hg to 25.3 ± 12.5 mm Hg (P = 0.012) and mean from 49.0 ± 10.9 mm Hg to 16.6 ± 9.8 mm Hg (P = 0.043). Aortic valve areas increased significantly from 0.70 ± 0.25 cm2 to 1.41 ± 0.48 cm2 (P = 0.042). Mean transmitral PG decreased from 14.9 ± 2.1 mm Hg to 5.3 ± 1.5 with increase of mitral valve areas from 1.08 ± 0.45 to 1.92 ± 0.51 cm2. The procedures were well tolerated without development of significant valvular regurgitation or thromboembolism. During follow‐up, 2 patients died due to lung cancer and sudden death at months 48 and 100. Five patients received delayed surgery after mean duration of 73.4 ± 39.7 months.

Conclusions

Concurrent antegrade, transseptal Inoue‐balloon aortic and mitral valvuloplasty, is feasible and safe, and provides excellent immediate results as one‐stage procedure. The study results also suggest that balloon aortic valvuloplasty can be more durable in younger patients with rheumatic AS than in elderly patients with degenerative, AS. However, the modified aortic valvuloplasty technique can be utilized only as bridging procedure to aortic valve replacement or recently developed transcatheter aortic‐valve implantation in unstable hemodynamic status, and as a palliative procedure before noncardiac surgery. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chiral Triazolium Salts and Ionic Liquids: From the Molecular Design Vectors to Their Physical Properties through Specific Supramolecular Interactions
Authors: Porcar Raul , Ríos‐Lombardía Nicolás , Busto Eduardo , Gotor‐Fernández Vicente , Montejo‐Bernardo Jose , García‐Granda Santiago , Luis Santiago V. , Gotor Vicente , Alfonso Ignacio , García‐Verdugo Eduardo
Published: November 2012

An exhaustive experimental study based on X‐ray diffraction analysis, NMR, FTIR‐ATR (attenuated total reflection), and Raman spectroscopy as well as theoretical calculations is reported in order to understand how the non‐covalent intermolecular contacts are fundamental to explain structure–property relationships and allowing us to correlate a basic macroscopic property (i.e., the melting point, Tm) with the structural variables of a family of enantiopure 1,4‐dialkyl‐1,2,4‐triazolium salts. The effect of different structural vectors such as the ring size, the spatial disposition of the substituent, the substitution on the oxygen atom, the nature of the anion, or the N4 alkylation of the triazole on the intermolecular interactions of these chiral salts of a well‐defined 3D structure is reported. The non‐covalent intermolecular contacts mainly implicating the triazolium H3 proton are fundamental to explain structure–property relationships and, therefore, the physical properties of these new chiral salts, rather than simple anion–cation interactions. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of the specific supramolecular interactions for the understanding of the physical properties of triazolium salts and ionic liquids.
Alkaline Earth Metal Ion Induced Coil–Helix–Coil Transition of Lysine–Coumarin–Azacrown Hybrid Foldamers with OFF–OFF–ON Fluorescence Switching
Authors: Lin Yu‐Chen , Chen Chao‐Tsen
Published: November 2012

A new metal‐ion‐responsive and fluorescent foldamer, OPLM8, composed of eight lysine–coumarin–azacrown units, has been designed and synthesized. The flexible OPLM8 can be forced into a well‐defined helix structure only upon the addition of alkaline earth metal ions. The structural change is based on the crown ether moieties being positioned in the requisite arrangement along the peptide chain, that is, at i, i+4 spacing, such that the alkaline earth metal ions can mediate the formation of four sandwich complexes between them. Moreover, varying the chelator‐to‐metal‐ion ratio from 2:1 to 1:1 resulted in disassembly of the sandwich complexes leading to collapse of the helical structure to a random coil. These metal‐ion‐induced structural transitions could not only be monitored by the CD amplitude change but also easily probed by unique “OFF–OFF–ON” fluorescence intensity changes from 0.7‐fold to 14‐fold as the structure changed from the folded helix to a random coil. To further verify that the helix formation was indeed induced by metal‐ion complexation, two kinds of control octamers with only four metal‐ion chelators on the side chains were studied. One, which was capable of forming two sandwich complexes between the i and i+4 residues, displayed a negative Cotton couplet with the magnitude of its A value close to half that of OPLM8, and the second had four metal‐ion chelators positioned in the same turn, and hence was incapable of forming intramolecular metal complexes and showed different induced CD signals. Collectively, the photospectroscopic data and the results of the control studies suggest that alkaline earth metal ions can efficiently promote the flexible octamer OPLM8 into a well‐organized helix by the formation of sandwich complexes between substituents at an i, i+4 spacing.
ChemInform Abstract: Sr2Mn3Sb2O2 Type Oxyselenides: Structures, Magnetism, and Electronic Properties of Sr2AO2M2Se2 (A: Co, Mn; M: Cu, Ag).
Authors: Jin Shifeng , Chen Xiaolong , Guo Jiangang , Lei Ming , Lin Jingjing , Xi Jianguo , Wang Wenjun , Wang Wanyan
Published: November 2012

The four new Sr2Mn3Sb2O2‐type title compounds are synthesized from stoichiometric mixtures of SrO, A, M (A: Co, Mn; M: Cu, Ag), and Se (alumina crucible, 900—1000 °C, 24—72 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of New Photocatalyst CdBiYO4.
Authors: Du Huiyang , Luan Jingfei
Published: November 2012

The title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of CdO, Bi2O3, and Y2O3 (alumina crucible, 900 °C, 36 h) and characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy, and UV/VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Physical Properties of Ln(Cu,Al,Ga)13‐x (Ln: La—Pr, and Eu) and Eu(Cu,Al)13‐x.
Authors: Chan Julia Y. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2012

Single crystals of Ln(Cu,Al,Ga)13‐x (Ln: La—Pr, and Eu) are synthesized from the elements using Al/Ga as a flux (alumina crucible, 1100 °C, 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A Thermal Dehydrogenative Diels—Alder Reaction of Styrenes for the Concise Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes.
Authors: Kocsis Laura S. , Benedetti Erica , Brummond Kay M.
Published: November 2012

Under microwave irradiation, a range of alkenynylbenzenes undergo an intramolecular cyclization reaction to give cyclopenta‐fused naphthalenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Harnessing Applied Potential to Oxidation in Water.
Authors: Buckley Benjamin R. , Chan Yohan , Dreyfus Nicolas , Elliott Claire , Marken Frank , Page Philip C. Bulman
Published: November 2012

A solvent‐free (biphasic) electrochemically driven oxidation system for the selective conversion of sulfides to the corresponding sulfoxides, and alkenes to epoxides, in a simple reactor system is described.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Palladium‐NHC (NHC = N‐Heterocyclic Carbene) and Aryl Amination Pre‐Catalyst: [Pd(IPr*)(cinnamyl)Cl].
Authors: Chartoire Anthony , Frogneux Xavier , Nolan Steven P.
Published: November 2012

Palladium complex PAL is an efficient catalyst at extremely low loading for the amination reaction of numerous aryl/pyridyl chlorides with primary or secondary amines at reflux temperature, or at some higher loading at room temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand Effects on the Stereochemistry of Stille Couplings, as Manifested in Reactions of (Z)‐Alkenyl Halides.
Authors: Lu Guo‐ping , Voigtritter Karl R. , Cai Chun , Lipshutz Bruce H.
Published: November 2012

A new set of conditions is developed for the highly stereoselective and mild reaction of (Z)‐alkenyl halides along with improved yields.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Method for the Oxathioacetalization of Carbonyl Compounds Using N‐Bromosaccharin as a Catalyst.
Authors: Alinezhad Heshmatollah , Fallahi Shahrouz
Published: November 2012

Aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes or ketones can be used as substrates and generally 1.2 equiv.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 1,4‐Enynes with the System CH2I2—Et3Al.
Authors: Ramazanov I. R. , Yaroslavova A. V. , Dzhemilev U. M. , Nefedov O. M.
Published: November 2012

The reaction of 1,4‐enynes (I) in the system diiodomethane / triethylaluminum is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Carbopalladation Reaction Between Alkynes and gem‐Dibromoolefins: Facile Access to Monoanellated Pentalenes.
Authors: Rivera‐Fuentes Pablo , von Wantoch Rekowski Margarete , Schweizer W. Bernd , Gisselbrecht Jean‐Paul , Boudon Corinne , Diederich Francois
Published: November 2012

The chromophores are isolated as dark green to green‐brown solids.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Addition of 1,3‐Diynes to Aldehydes Catalyzed by a Zinc—Amino Alcohol Complex.
Authors: Zheng Bing , Li Shuo‐Ning , Mao Jian‐You , Wang Bo , Bian Qing‐Hua , Liu Shang‐Zhong , Zhong Jiang‐Chun , Guo Hong‐Chao , Wang Min
Published: November 2012

The synthetic value of the present method is demonstrated by preparation of marine allynols (X).
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Aldoximes from Primary Alcohols in Water.
Authors: Zambelli Paolo , Pinto Andrea , Romano Diego , Crotti Elena , Conti Paola , Tamborini Lucia , Villa Raffaella , Molinari Francesco
Published: November 2012

An easy and efficient one‐pot methodology for the preparation of aldoximes combines the enzymatic oxidation of corresponding primary alcohols using different acetic acid bacteria and in situ condensation of the resulting aldehydes with hydroxylamine.
ChemInform Abstract: Aerobic Photooxidative Cleavage of Vicinal Diols to Carboxylic Acids Using 2‐Chloroanthraquinone.
Authors: Matsusaki Yoko , Yamaguchi Tomoaki , Tada Norihiro , Miura Tsuyoshi , Itoh Akichika
Published: November 2012

A convenient procedure is developed for the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Organocatalytic Method for Highly Enantioselective Michael Addition of Malonates to Enones Catalyzed by Readily Accessible Primary Amine‐Thiourea.
Authors: Dudzinski Krzysztof , Pakulska Anna M. , Kwiatkowski Piotr
Published: November 2012

Different ratios of TUCY/BzOH are found to optimal for the procedure, where diester (II) proves to be the best reactant.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Example for Cyanation of Arylboronic Acids with Nontoxic and Inexpensive K4[Fe(CN)6].
Authors: Tian Xinzhe , Sun Yanpei , Dong Chuanhua , Zhang Kaixuan , Liang Tengfei , Zhang Yu , Hou Chaodong
Published: November 2012

A wide range of functionalized arylboronic acids and heterocyclic boronic acids is smoothly converted into the corresponding products.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Free, One‐Pot, Expeditious Synthesis of Aminoalkylnaphthols at Room Temperature.
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Chhanda , Rana Sunil , Butcher Ray J.
Published: November 2012

A very simple, catalyst‐free methodology for the multicomponent one‐pot synthesis of aminoalkylnaphthols and related coumarins (IX) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Comparative Study in Oxidative Free Radical Reactions Between 9‐Benzylidene‐9H‐fluorene Derivatives and β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds in the Presence of Mn(OAc)3 and CAN.
Authors: Demirhan Hulya , Arslan Mustafa , Zengin Mustafa , Kucukislamoglu Mustafa
Published: November 2012

Acetylacetone is also used as dicarbonyl starting material.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Class of Small‐Molecule Caspase‐3 Inhibitors Prepared by Multicomponent Reactions.
Authors: Zhu Qiuhua , Gao Lixin , Chen Zhipeng , Zheng Sichao , Shu Huafei , Li Jia , Jiang Huanfeng , Liu Shuwen
Published: November 2012

A total of 39 tetra‐ and pentasubstituted polyfunctional dihydropyrrolones are synthesized via multicomponent reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: FeCl3‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Construction of Spirooxindole Tetrahydroquinolines via Tandem 1,5‐Hydride Transfer/Ring Closure.
Authors: Han Yan‐Yan , Han Wen‐Yong , Hou Xue , Zhang Xiao‐Mei , Yuan Wei‐Cheng
Published: November 2012

The reaction can also be carried out with some other Lewis acids, but a catalyst loading <10% gives only rise to trace amounts.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of 4‐Acylamino‐tetrahydroindazoles via the Ritter Reaction.
Authors: Turks Maris , Strakova Inta , Gorovojs Kirils , Belyakov Sergey , Piven Yuri A. , Khlebnicova Tatyana S. , Lakhvich Fedor A.
Published: November 2012

A new route to the title compounds proceeds via reaction of 4‐hydroxytetrahydroindazoles with various nitriles.
ChemInform Abstract: Dimedone‐Catalyzed Addition of Amines into Cyano Group: Facile Synthesis of Thiazol‐2‐yl Substituted E‐Acrylonitriles.
Authors: Zhu Weijun , Tu Xingchao , Feng Hui , Tu Mansu , Jiang Bo , Wu Feiyue , Tu Shujiang
Published: November 2012

The dimedone‐mediated addition of amines to a cyano group of (I) proceeds with high chemoselectivity and a broad scope of substrates can be employed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Iodo‐1,4‐disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazoles Mediated by in situ Generated Copper(I) Catalyst and Electrophilic Triiodide Ion.
Authors: Brotherton Wendy S. , Clark Ronald J. , Zhu Lei
Published: November 2012

A one‐pot multicomponent synthesis of 5‐allylated analogues such as (VII) is possible.
ChemInform Abstract: Furazan‐Containing Bromoarenes in the Suzuki—Miyaura Reaction.
Authors: Vasil'ev A. A. , Struchkova M. I. , Sheremetev A. B. , Levinson F. S. , Varganov R. V. , Lyssenko K. A.
Published: November 2012

The Suzuki—Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction of bromoarenes substituted with or fused to the 1,2,5‐oxadiazole scaffold is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: cis‐Nitenpyram Analogues Containing 1,4‐Dihydropyridine: Synthesis, Insecticidal Activities, and Molecular Docking Studies.
Authors: Sun Chuanwen , Chen Yanxia , Liu Tianyan , Wu Ying , Fang Ting , Wang Jing , Xing Jiahua
Published: November 2012

Compounds (IVa) and (IVc) exhibit the best insecticidal activity against Aphis medicagini.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed C—H Fluorination with Nucleophilic Fluoride.
Authors: McMurtrey Kate B. , Racowski Joy M. , Sanford Melanie S.
Published: November 2012

Best results concerning the yields are obtained under the conditions shown.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aza‐Fused Polycyclic Quinolines via Double C—H Bond Activation.
Authors: Huang Ji‐Rong , Dong Lin , Han Bo , Peng Cheng , Chen Ying‐Chun
Published: November 2012

The present protocol is restricted to internal alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Activation of Dioxygen: Oxidative Cyclization of 2‐Arylindoles.
Authors: Sang Peng , Xie Yongju , Zou Jianwei , Zhang Yuhong
Published: November 2012

A series of diindolo‐fused quinolines (18 examples) is prepared from two molecules of 2‐arylindoles and molecular oxygen.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 4‐Aryl‐2‐cyanoimino‐3,4‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrimidines and Their Reactions.
Authors: Moustafa A. H. , Shestakov A. S. , Shikhaliev Kh. S.
Published: November 2012

Title compounds (IV) are synthesized by a multicomponent Biginelli reaction starting from dicarbonyl compounds (I), aldehydes (II) and cyanamide (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Green and One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones Promoted by Citric Acid as Recoverable Catalyst in Water.
Authors: Ghorbani‐Choghamarani Arash , Taghipour Tahereh
Published: November 2012

The applied catalyst citric acid can be reused several times.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expedient Four‐Component Domino Protocol for the Synthesis of Novel Benzo[a]phenazine Annulated Heterocycles and Their Photophysical Studies.
Authors: Khurana Jitender M. , Chaudhary Ankita , Lumb Anshika , Nand Bhaskara
Published: November 2012

A new one‐pot, two‐step domino protocol for the efficient preparation of fluorescent fused benzo[a]phenazine derivatives (20 examples) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrophosphonylation of Aldimines under Catalysts‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Cai Zhihua , Fan Yecheng , Du Guangfen , He Lin
Published: November 2012

Hydrophosphonylation of aldimines (I) and (IV) works well, regardless of the nature of groups, the positions of the substituents on the aromatic ring, and the N‐protecting group used.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of 4‐Halo‐2,5‐dihydro‐1,2‐oxaphosphole 2‐Oxides from 1,2‐Allenylphosphonates and CuX2 and Subsequent Suzuki Cross‐Coupling of the C—Cl Bonds.
Authors: Xin Ning , Ma Shengming
Published: November 2012

In comparison to previous results the advantages of the convenient title synthesis are better functional group tolerance, requirement of fewer steps, and simplicity.
ChemInform Abstract: Core‐extended Rylene Dyes via Thiophene Annulation.
Authors: Li Yan , Xu Wei , Di Motta Simone , Negri Fabrizia , Zhu Daoben , Wang Zhaohui
Published: November 2012

Palladium‐catalyzed Stille cross‐coupling of halogenated rylene dyes with thiophene and subsequent ring fusion under Scholl conditions affords core‐extended rylene tetracarboxylic diimides.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Base‐Free Sonogashira Reaction for the Synthesis of Benzannulated Chiral Macrocycles Embedded in Carbohydrate Templates.
Authors: Hussain Altaf , Yousuf Syed Khalid , Kumar Deepak , Lambu Malikharjunarao , Singh Baldev , Maity Sudip , Mukherjee Debaraj
Published: November 2012

A variety of furanoses and pyranoses (14 examples) bearing a bromobenzyl and a terminal alkynyl group undergo the reaction in the presence of a heterogeneous basic alumina‐supported palladium catalyst and CuI as co‐catalyst to give benzannulated 10‐ to 13‐membered macrocycles containing the carbohydrate moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocycle‐Functional Gramine Analogues: Solvent‐ and Catalyst‐Free Synthesis and Their Inhibition Activities Against Cell Proliferation.
Authors: Ke Shaoyong , Shi Liqiao , Cao Xiufang , Yang Qingyu , Liang Ying , Yang Ziwen
Published: November 2012

Indole (I), arylaldehydes (II) and (V), and heteroarylamines (III) or azoles (VI) are appropriate starting materials for the synthesis of gramine analogues (IV) and (VII) by a three‐component condensation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Alkaloid from the Seeds of Sophora alopecuroides L.
Authors: Gao Hong‐Ying , Li Guo‐Yu , Wang Jin‐Hui
Published: November 2012

isolation and structure elucidation of alopecurin A (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Convergent Syntheses of 3,6‐Dihydroxydec‐4‐enolides.
Authors: Killen Jonathan C. , Axford Lorraine C. , Newberry Sarah E. , Simpson Thomas J. , Willis Christine L.
Published: November 2012

A Nozaki—Hiyama—Kishi cyclization which creates the (6R) stereocenter in the ring system is the key step in the synthesis of the novel dihydroxy decanolide (Vb) and the known diastereomer (IXb), a constituent of Cordyceps militaris.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 7‐(2‐Chlorophenylamino)‐5‐((2‐ [18F]fluoro‐ethyoxy)methyl)pyrazolo [1,5‐a]pyrimidine‐3‐carbonitrile as PET Tumor Imaging Agent.
Authors: Qi Chuanmin , et al. et al.
Published: November 2012

The title compound (I) is prepared in a four‐step synthesis with radiochemical purity higher than 98% and radiochemical yields of 25%.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2,4,6‐Triazine Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents.
Authors: Gavade Sandip N. , Markad Vijay L. , Kodam Kisan M. , Shingare Murlidhar S. , Mane Dhananjay V.
Published: November 2012

The three‐step synthesis and the antimicrobial evaluation of triazine salts (I) are given.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of ITX 4520: A Highly Potent Orally Bioavailable Hepatitis C Virus Entry Inhibitor.
Authors: Macdonald James E. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2012

The identification of a highly potent, orally bioavailable hepatitis C virus entry inhibitor through optimization of a previously reported class of molecules is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Addressing the Terawatt Challenge: Scalability in the Supply of Chemical Elements for Renewable Energy
Authors: Vesborg Peter C. K. , Jaramillo Thomas F.
Published: November 2012

Review: compilation of data for global primary production rates for each element; 86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Quaternary α‐Aminophosphonic Acids
Authors: Ordonez Mario , Sayago Francisco J. , Cativiela Carlos
Published: November 2012

Review: 192 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: γ‐Methylidene‐δ‐valerolactones: New Reagents for Palladium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Cyclization Reactions
Authors: Shintani Ryo
Published: November 2012

Review: 92 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery, Application and Protein Engineering of Baeyer—Villiger Monooxygenases for Organic Synthesis
Authors: Balke Kathleen , Kadow Maria , Mallin Hendrik , Sass Stefan , Bronscheuer Uwe T.
Published: November 2012

Review: 108 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Dioxide as a Carbon Source in Organic Transformation: Carbon—Carbon Bond Forming Reactions by Transition‐Metal Catalysts
Authors: Tsuji Yasushi , Fujihara Tetsuaki
Published: November 2012

Review: 23 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Methods. Part 1. Free‐Radical Reactions
Authors: Rowlands Gareth J.
Published: November 2012

Review: 43 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalysis
Authors: Buckley Benjamin R. , Kimber Marc C. , Slater Natasha H.
Published: November 2012

Review: 27 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Construction of 5,11‐Methanomorphanthridine and 5,10b‐Phenanthridine Structural Frameworks: Total Syntheses of (.+‐.)‐Pancracine, (.+‐.)‐Brunsvigine, (.+‐.)‐Maritidine, and (.+‐.)‐Crinine
Authors: Pandey Ganesh , Gadre Smita R.
Published: November 2012

Review: 107 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Degradation Issues in Solid Oxide Cells During High Temperature Electrolysis
Authors: Sohal M. S. , O'Brien J. E. , Stoots C. M. , Sharma V. I. , Yildiz B. , Virkar A.
Published: November 2012

Review: 22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances and Future Prospects of Mesofluidic Lab‐on‐a‐Valve Platforms in Analytical Sciences
Authors: Miro Manuel , Hansen Elo Harald
Published: November 2012

Review: 109 refs.
Implementing a breast cancer registry and treatment plan/summary program in clinical practice: A pilot program
Authors: Partridge Ann H. , Norris Virginia W. , Blinder Victoria S. , Cutter Bruce A. , Halpern Michael T. , Malin Jennifer , Neuss Michael N. , Wolff Antonio C. ,   on behalf of the ASCO Breast Cancer Registry Pilot Steering Group
Published: November 2012

BACKGROUND:

There is a need to better measure and improve the quality of oncology care and improve communication with patients and other providers. The American Society of Clinical Oncology Breast Cancer Registry (BCR) pilot evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of prospective data collection for quality assessment in daily clinical practice. Data were used to create and share treatment plans/summaries (TPSs) at the point of care.

METHODS:

Using a web‐based tool, 20 diverse practices entered clinical data on each new early‐stage breast cancer patient into the BCR for 14 months (September 2009 through November 2010). The tool created individual TPSs that were shared with patients. Practices received practice‐specific and aggregate BCR quality measures data, participated in a survey, and received a participation stipend.

RESULTS:

Twenty practices entered 2014 patients into the BCR, collecting demographic, clinical, and treatment information. Fifty‐two percent of practice participants replied to an end‐of‐pilot survey: 73% were satisfied with the BCR and web‐based tool, 31% expressed concern regarding time and effort, and 52% reported additional practice costs during the pilot. Among those who created or shared the TPSs, 90% thought the documents improved oncologist‐patient communication, and 95% favored using BCR data for practice quality improvement.

CONCLUSIONS:

Prospective data collection for quality assessment is feasible and allows sharing of TPSs with patients at the point of care. Future efforts should focus on decreasing implementation burden to practices, broadening participation, examining costs, and, most importantly, assessing its effects on patient outcomes. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Theoretical Studies on Muti‐Hydroxyimides as Highly Efficient Catalysts for Aerobic Oxidation
Authors: Chen Kexian , Jia Lu , Dao Rina , Yao Jia , Wang Congmin , Chen Zhirong , Li Haoran
Published: November 2012

N,N‐dihydroxypyromellitimide (NDHPI) and N,N′,N′′‐trihydroxyisocyanuric acid (THICA) have been recently demonstrated to act as better carbon‐radical‐producing catalysts than the popular N‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI). To gain a mature understanding of these particular catalysts, herein their geometrical, electronic, and thermochemical properties, as well as their catalytic activities, have been systemically investigated by a theoretical analysis. It appears that THICA, unlike NDHPI and NHPI, is unsuitable for solvent‐free catalysis or catalysis in aprotic solvents due to its favorable coexistent planar conformer. Besides, the more remarkable catalytic efficiencies of NDHPI and THICA compared to NHPI can be ascribed to the lower barriers and the endothermicity in the H‐abstraction processes by their radicals, especially by their multi‐radicals which show stronger electron‐withdrawing effects. Furthermore, the generation of THICA radicals would be much feasible at high temperature without co‐catalysts. This study provides a new perspective towards the rational design of reactive hydroxyimide organocatalysts for industrial applications.
Epigenetics in autoimmune diseases with focus on type 1 diabetes
Authors: Dang Mary Ngoc , Buzzetti Raffaella , Pozzilli Paolo
Published: November 2012

Autoimmune diseases arise when the body mounts an immune response against ‘self’ cells and tissues causing inflammation and damage. It is commonly accepted that these diseases develop because of the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Evidence for genetic factors includes the higher concordance of disease in monozygotic twins than in dizygotic twins. However, monozygotic twins may remain discordant for disease indicating a role for environmental factors. Environmental factors may alter gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms. This is particularly pertinent in type 1 diabetes in which DNA methylation and histone modifications have been associated with altered gene expression. The low disease concordance rate in adult‐onset type 1 diabetes (<20%) suggests that environmental and epigenetic changes may play a predominant role. Defining the role of epigenetic changes could identify specific gene pathways and dysregulated expression of gene products that contribute to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. This article reviews how epigenetic mechanisms may contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases with a focus on type 1 diabetes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Segmental Assembly of Fibronectin Matrix Requires rap1b and integrin α5
Authors: Lackner Simone , Schwendinger‐Schreck Jamie , Jülich Dörthe , Holley Scott A.
Published: November 2012

Background: During segmentation of the zebrafish embryo, inside‐out signaling activates Integrin α5, which is necessary for somite border morphogenesis. The direct activator of Integrin α5 during this process is unknown. One candidate is Rap1b, a small monomeric GTPase implicated in Integrin activation in the immune system. Results: Knockdown of rap1b, or overexpression of a dominant negative rap1b, causes a mild axis elongation defect in zebrafish. However, disruption of rap1b function in integrin α5−/− mutants results in a strong reduction in Fibronectin (FN) matrix assembly in the paraxial mesoderm and a failure in somite border morphogenesis along the entire anterior‐posterior axis. Somite patterning appears unaffected, as her1 oscillations are maintained in single and double morphants/mutants, but somite polarity is gradually lost in itgα5−/−; rap1b MO embryos. Conclusions: In itgα5−/− mutants, rap1b is required for proper somite border morphogenesis in zebrafish. The loss of somite borders is not a result of aberrant segmental patterning. Rather, somite boundary formation initiates but is not completed, due to the failure to assemble FN matrix along the nascent boundary. We propose a model in which Rap1b activates Integrin/Fibronectin receptors as part of an “inside‐out” signaling pathway that promotes Integrin binding to FN, FN matrix assembly, and subsequent stabilization of morphological somite boundaries. Developmental Dynamics 242:122–131, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Eating disorders after bariatric surgery: A case series
Authors: Conceição Eva , Orcutt Molly , Mitchell James , Engel Scott , LaHaise Kim , Jorgensen Michelle , Woodbury Kara , Hass Naomi , Garcia Luis , Wonderlich Stephen
Published: November 2012

Objective:

A significant number of post‐bariatric surgery (BS) patients present with eating disorders (EDs) symptoms that require specialized treatment. These cases are thought to be underreported due to their frequent sub‐syndromal presentation. This article describes ED syndromes that develop subsequent to BS.

Method:

The clinical charts of 12 individuals who were hospitalized on a specialized inpatient EDs unit were reviewed.

Results:

Based on the new DSM‐5 proposed criteria, six patients would meet criteria for an anorexia nervosa (AN) diagnosis: three with binge eating/purge AN subtype and three with restrictive AN subtype. An additional four met criteria for atypical AN, since they were at a normal weight, and two patients met criteria for bulimia nervosa.

Discussion:

Several similarities to the classical EDs were found. The findings that most distinguished these patients from those with classical EDs were their ages, and the age of onset of the ED for some patients. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013)
100 kg more or less, still the same person (and disorder): From overweight to underweight—exacerbation of an eating disorder after bariatric surgery
Authors: Lautenbach Anne , Kulinna Ulrike , Löwe Bernd , Rose Matthias
Published: November 2012

Objective:

To report the case of a morbidly obese 49‐year‐old woman with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia who underwent bariatric surgery. Because of inadequate weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy, duodenal switch as component of a stepwise treatment was performed and led to unexplained progressive weight loss and malnutrition.

Method:

Case report.

Results:

After duodenal switch surgery, the patient presented with late postsurgical symptoms of malabsorption. Postsurgical psychological evaluation revealed a persistent binge eating disorder. Along with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, binge eating had led to progressive weight loss of ≈100 kg from a body mass index of 50.3 kg/m2 presurgery to 17.3 kg/m2 postsurgery.

Discussion:

Recent research has focused on eating patterns after bariatric surgery and the risks of exacerbating eating disorders after surgery. This case study illustrates the need for auxiliary prepsychotherapeutic and postpsychotherapeutic evaluation and subsequent support for patients with eating disorders preparing for bariatric surgery. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013)
Synthesis of Fluorescent Alanines by a Rhodium‐Catalysed Conjugate Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Dehydroalanine Derivatives
Authors: Ferreira Paula M. T. , Monteiro Luís S. , Pereira Goreti , Castanheira Elisabete M. S. , Frost Christopher G.
Published: November 2012

Several β‐arylalanine derivatives containing fluorescent groups were prepared in good yields using a rhodium‐catalysed conjugate addition of arylboronic acids to N,N‐diprotected and N‐monoprotected dehydroalanines. The best conditions for these reactions required the use of an excess of arylboronic acid (4 equiv.), [Rh(COD)2]BF4 as catalyst, and CsF as base in dioxane/H2O (10:1) at 110 °C. These conditions were also applied to several dipeptides with dehydroalanine residues. The photophysical properties of some of the β‐arylalanines were studied in three solvents with different polarities. Due to the absence of the α,β‐double bond, the absorption and fluorescence emission of the new compounds are dominated by the photophysical properties of the polycyclic aromatic fluorophores (naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene). Considering the relatively high fluorescence quantum yield of these compounds, some of them may be useful as fluorescent markers for peptides and proteins.