bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[RETRACTED] Dmocoz Reviews v1
Authors: not provided lkgfkqsa
Published: June 2022

[RETRACTED]

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EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT NITROGEN SOURCES ON TURF QUALITY AND PLANTS GROWTH OF SOME WARM-SEASON TURFGRASSES
Authors: ZERE TAŞKIN Sinem , BİLGİLİ Ugur
Published: June 2022

This research was conducted to determine the effects of different nitrogen sources and rates on some warm-season turfgrasses under Mediterranean-type climate conditions in 2017-2018. The experimental design was a split-split plot with design with three replicates; turfgrass species as the main plot, nitrogen sources as the subplots, and nitrogen doses as the sub subplots. The main plots consist of four nitrogen sources: two slow-release fertilizers, one organomineral fertilizer, and one sewage sludge. Subplots consist of three warm-season turfgrass species; zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.), hybrid Bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis x Cynodon dactylon), seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Sw.), and one cool-season turfgrass species, tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). The nitrogen doses were as follows; 0.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 g m-2. Turf color and quality were evaluated visually monthly. Also, clipping weight is determined. According to the result, slow-release and organomineral fertilizers can be assessable as N sources that will meet the nutritional needs of the turfgrasses. Zoysiagrass and seashore paspalum showed almost equivalent scores and gave sufficiently dark turf color and quality. Turfgrass should be fertilized at least with 3.0 g m−2 N to provide acceptable turf color and quality.
Selection of refrigerants for refrigeration systems of fruit and vegetable stores
Authors:   Almaty Technological University, Tsoy A.P. , Granovskiy A.S. ,   Almaty Technological University, Vorobyova O.D. ,   Almaty Technological University
Published: June 2022

Due to the implementation of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, the paper explores the prospects for replacing HFC refrigerants R404a and R507 in refrigeration machines for fruit and vegetable storages. For the optimal choice of environmentally friendly synthetic and natural refrigerants, calculating the coefficient of performance for single-stage refrigeration machines with direct supply of refrigerant to air coolers was carried out. The calculations were made for the conditions of a sharply continental climate at an atmospheric air temperature of +20°C. It was found, that in the near future such refrigerants as R407a, R407c, and R407f can be used as a replacement for R404a and R507 refrigerants in the new energy efficient systems with reciprocating and scroll compressors in developing countries. In the long term, refrigerants such as R290 (propane), R450a, R455a, and R513a can be used after 2036. The use of refrigerants R450a, R455a, R513a will lead to an increase in capital costs for the creation of refrigeration machines due to the need to increase the volumetric performance of compressors. In addition, R450a and R513a refrigerants have a relatively high global warming potential GWP > 150, which may lead to restrictions on their use in large refrigeration systems. As refrigerants R290 and R455a are flammable, their safe use requires a reduction in their charge weight. Therefore, R290 and R455a can be used either in refrigeration systems for individual cold chambers, or in systems with an intermediate heat transfer liquid.
Enzymatic extraction of oil from Atlantic mackerel waste and its use in functional nutrition
Authors:   Kaliningrad State Technical University, Dambarovich L.V. , Agafonova S.V. ,   Kaliningrad State Technical University
Published: June 2022

The oil content in the waste of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) was investigated, it was found that the highest oil content is characteristic of mackerel heads. The total mass of waste (heads, ridges, and internal organs) contains 18.7% oil, therefore, it can be a raw material for its production. The oil obtained from mackerel waste is characterized by an acid value of 1.1 mg KOH/g, a peroxide value of 4.1 meq/kg, a saponification value of 179.5 mg KOH/g, and an iodine value of 141.9 g/100 g. Indicators of hydrolytic and oxidative spoilage do not exceed the values regulated for edible oil. The fatty acid composition of oil, studied by gas chromatography, indicates the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids at the level of 52%, among which omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosatrienoic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic, and alpha-linolenic), performing important biological functions in the human body, have been identified. The effect of hydrolysis duration with the enzyme preparation Alcalase 2,5 L and its dosage on the degree of oil extraction from the crushed waste of Atlantic mackerel was investigated. It was found that during hydrolysis of 0.5% Alcalase within 60 minutes, up to 78.5% of the oil from the amount of oil extracted by extraction with diethyl ether using the Soxhlet method is extracted from fish raw materials. The oil extracted from the secondary raw materials of Atlantic mackerel is proposed to be used to enrich the emulsion sauce made according to the recipe of Provencal mayonnaise. Replacing 15 % of sunflower oil in the sauce with fish oil allows you to get a product that is functional for essential omega-3 fatty acids: alpha-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic. The technological scheme of production of the enriched product is presented.
The avocado oil and pumpkin seed oil as a source of fatty acids
Authors:   Saint -Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Fomicheva T.I. , Koluzhnikova E.V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Forestry University, Gunkova P.I. ,   ITMO University
Published: June 2022

Avocado and pumpkin seed oils have different origin and methods of production and are characterized by similar content. The purpose of the study is the comparison of the fatty acids composition in order to evaluate their advantages and disadvantages as well as beneficial qualities of their usage as biologically active additives and a cosmetic ingredient. The oils are characterized by a high content of fatty acids of various types, both saturated and unsaturated. In the article the overview of information about avocado and pumpkin origin and production based on literary sources is included; the composition of avocado and pumpkin oils is described. The chromatographic method of analysis allows to evaluate the quantitative ratios of the components. The content of stearic, palmitic, and myristic (fatty) acids was determined to be two times higher in pumpkin seed oil compared to avocado oil, it means the advantages of avocado oil as a low-calorie product. The analysis revealed especially high content of the essential unsaturated fatty acids: in pumpkin seed oil it is 80%, in avocado oil - 87%. Therefore, these oils show the expediency of using as a therapeutic agent for external and internal use particularly to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Evaluation of turbulence models for flow and heat transfer of drop-shaped tubes
Authors:   Damascus University, Deeb Rawad , Kolotvin A.V. ,   Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Sidenkov D.V. ,   Moscow Power Engineering Institute
Published: June 2022

Heat transfer and turbulent flow passing over a single tube and a bundle of drop-shaped tubes were simulated by Ansys Fluent package. Verification of two groups of turbulence models k-ε and k-ω was carried out. The main parameters of the computational grid was determined allowing obtain the accepted calculations accuracy. Streamlines for the studied turbulence models were presented. The strengths and weaknesses of the studied models was described. Comparison of calculation results with experimental data showed that the use of the Standard k-ω turbulence model gives the best results when modeling heat transfer and hydrodynamics for the case of single a drop-shaped tube. However, the RNG k-ε model with enhanced wall treatment function was considered more suitable in case of a drop-shaped tubes bundle.
Analysis of methods for calculating the thermal conductivity of new liquid hydrofluorochlorine derivatives of olefins on the saturation line
Authors:   ITMO University, Rykov S.V. , Kudryavtseva I.V. ,   ITMO University, Rykov V.A. ,   ITMO University
Published: June 2022

We consider various correlations to calculate thermal conductivity of the refrigerants in the state of a saturated liquid. An analysis of these dependencies was carried out using the example of refrigerants R1234yf, R1224yd(Z), R1233zd(E), R1234ze(E), R1243zf, R1336mzz(E), R1336mzz(Z), R365mfc, and R245fa. A modified linear dependence I for λsat = λsat(T) is proposed. Statistical characteristics for the model I are given, in particular, the average absolute deviation is calculated AADI = 3,37%. It is shown that, taking into account the nonlinear nature of the behavior of thermal conductivity λsat = λsat(T) on temperature, model II, makes it possible to increase the accuracy of calculations using the model II: AAD = 2,39%. In contrast to the known correlation dependences, within the framework of the model II, in accordance with the dynamic scale theory, the passage to the limit λsat(T→Tc)~τ-χ is performed in the vicinity of the critical point, where τ = (Tc – T)/Tc, Tc is the critical temperature, χ = 0,608 is the critical index. The results are discussed.
COLLABORATIVE EDUCATIONAL ROBOTICS FOR THE INCLUSION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Nanou Andromachi , Karampatzakis Dimitris
Published: June 2022

This literature review aims to collect systematically peer-reviewed research articles published in scientific journals that focus on the participation of children with disabilities in collaborative educational robotics activities. After systematic research, using three major digital scientific libraries, we full-screened eleven research studies that were implemented in inclusive or special settings and published during the period 2010-2022. These articles were selected as they described in detail the psycho-pedagogical methods that were used by the researchers to foster the participation of children with disabilities in collaborative educational robotics activities. The psycho-pedagogical methods have been categorized and presented critically in relation to the research methods and results. Finally, the discussion section of this review highlights the need of promoting collaborative methods in the context of inclusive educational robotics environments.
Inhumane medicine: imperial japan’s development and the use of biological weapons during World War II
Authors: Damulin Igor’ V. , Strutzenko Alla A.
Published: June 2022

There is currently an acute lack of information on the activities of Japanese doctors during World War II. Being a country with limited natural, financial, and human resources, Imperial Japan considered biological and chemical weapons one of the most promising and effective means of warfare in its quest to dominate Southeast Asia. In the mid 1920s, the Japanese leadership approved biological and chemical warfare research. The implementation of the biological weapons project, including human testing, was entrusted to Shiro Ishii and a group of Japanese scientists under his leadership, as well as to military and civilian experts. These studies examined the effectiveness of plague, gas gangrene, cholera, anthrax, and other pathogens. Experiments, including detailed descriptions of the subjects suffering and the results of autopsies/vivisections, were carefully documented. Field tests involved the distribution of contaminated food and crops to the Chinese population, as well as the contamination of water supplies. Similarly, in keeping with military interests, the effectiveness of munitions and the effects of decompression, hypothermia, and electric current were investigated on prisoners. After the end of World War II and the surrender of Imperial Japan, large-scale buried victims of experiments were found on the territory of the Peoples Republic of China, including the borders of the USSR. The paper focuses on the ethical component of the studies conducted, based on the dominant view in the Japanese society that all actions for the glory of the country and the emperor are justified and the absence of any ethical considerations due to the prejudice of the Japanese against foreigners in general and the Chinese in particular.
Retraction Notice: “Immunologic Criteria of Prediction of Bone Delayed Union”. Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia. 2009;(2):59-66
Authors: Berdyugina Olga V. , Berdyugin Kirill A.
Published: June 2022

The article Immunologic criteria of prediction of bone delayed union published in Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia (2009, N 2) by O.V. Berdyugina, K.A. Berdyugin is a duplicate of the article Immunological monitoring of slow down ostheogenesis published in Medical Immunology. 2009;(3-4):371-378. That was the reason for retraction.

Revealed April 20, 2022 by the Editorial Board.
Telomere Length as a Marker of Suicidal Risk in Schizophrenia
Authors: Zakharova Natalia V. , Bravve Lidia V. , Mamedova Galina Sh. , Kaydan Maria A. , Ershova Elisaveta S. , Martynov Andrey V. , Veiko Natalia N. , Kostyuk Svetlana V.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and suicidal behavior are associated with shortening in the length of telomeres. The aim of the study was to compare the content (pg/mcg) of telomeric repeat in DNA isolated from peripheral blood cells in three groups of subjects: patients with schizophrenia and a history of suicide attempts, patients with schizophrenia without suicidal tendencies, and healthy control volunteers.
METHODS: Relapses according to gender and age were examined in 47 patients with schizophrenia with suicidal behavior, 47 patients without self-destructive conditions, and 47 volunteers with healthy control and maintenance for the content of telomeric and the number of copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in peripheral blood leukocytes.
RESULTS: Analysis of determining the content of telomeric repeat (TR) in the DNA of massive weight gain in the series: patients with schizophrenia and suicidal attempts patients with schizophrenia without suicidal observations healthy controls (22528.4 (227 [190; 250]) vs. 24321 (245 [228; 260]) vs. 25517.9 (255 [242; 266]), p 0.005. The same trend is observed for the number of mtDNA copies (257101.5 (250 [194; 297])) vs. 262.359.3 (254 [217; 312]) vs. 27279.9 (274 [213; 304]); p=0.012), but no significant differences were recorded.
CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, the phenomenon of telomere shortening was discovered in schizophrenics with suicidal risk. The length of the telomere corresponds to the parameter of a biological marker an objectively measured indicator of normal or pathological processes, but gaining an idea of its reliability is still necessary for verification with an assessment of its sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value. The telomere may be considered a putative predictive indicator of suicidal risk.
Elastic Transmitted Wave Reverse Time Migration for Imaging Earth’s Interior Discontinuities: A Numerical Study
Authors: Li Haipeng , Li Junlun
Published: June 2022

Seismic imaging is crucial in investigating Earth’s interior structures and understanding its tectonics and evolution. The reflected, converted, and scattered waves have attracted considerable attention in the previous studies, whereas the directly transmitted waves are less used in seismic imaging. In this study, we present a novel passive source elastic transmitted wave reverse time migration (T-RTM) method to characterize major discontinuities in Earth’s interior using transmitted P or S waveforms. By extrapolating and then cross correlating the wavefields from the sources with the transmitted wavefields from the receivers using flood velocity models, the velocity discontinuities can be clearly imaged. The advantages and potential applications of the proposed T-RTM method are demonstrated with three synthetic imaging experiments. First, with distributed acoustic sensing using submarine cables, we show that the proposed method can be used to image the Moho with teleseismic S waves recorded in a single axial component, which is difficult for other imaging methods. Second, using direct P waveforms with a single P-wave velocity model, we show that the proposed method can be used to image 3D Moho topography without relying on the VP/VS ratio like in the traditional receiver function imaging. Third, the proposed method can also be used to image a fault plane with a sharp velocity contrast using local earthquakes. We discuss the limitations of the proposed method and some potential issues in field-data applications with additional numerical experiments. The proposed T-RTM method could provide many new opportunities for utilizing transmitted waveforms in the study of oceanic and continental structures.
El derecho a la sexualidad. Mujeres y discapacidad en el discurso de la sexualidad normalizada
Authors: Martínez Rodero Ana , García Manso Almudena
Published: June 2022

A través de una serie de entrevistas de carácter cualitativo a mujeres que presentan diferentes grados de diversidad funcional, se describe su sexualidad y lo que tiene que ver con su desarrollo, práctica y discurso. Este trabajo, inminentemente descriptivo, parte de las vivencias de las participantes, donde se deja traslucir claramente cómo la sexualidad no ha sido considerada como un derecho básico, y que la sociedad ha obviado. De la misma manera se abordan todos aquellos otros temas que hacen de la sexualidad un tema amplio y complejo (menstruación, reproducción, genitalidad, o el placer…).  Con lo que se concluye que no hay mujeres con discapacidad que sean asexuadas, sino una discursividad peyorativa, que por un lado está dentro de ese discurso más amplio acerca de cómo ve nuestra sociedad el fenómeno de la discapacidad; y, por otro, el de ser una manifestación más de las múltiples opresiones que sufren las mujeres, tanto en este como en otros ámbitos.
Methodology for monitoring the effectiveness of family and demographic policy: regional aspect
Authors: Rostovskaya Tamara K. , Zolotareva Olga A. , Vasilieva Ekaterina N.
Published: June 2022

The relevance of the study is justified by the fact that in the regions of Russia the development of demographic processes has different dynamics: it can be characterized by positive or negative changes, remain stable for several years, which raises the question of different levels of effectiveness of the state and regional demographic policy pursued locally. Under the conditions of the second wave of depopulation, a deeper analysis of the factors that shape the demographic behavior of the population is needed, which will make it possible to develop relevant measures in the field of fertility. The development of evidence-based monitoring of the effectiveness of family and demographic policy (in the light of the implementation by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin No. synthesis of state documents in the field of demography, generalization of information sources, including Rosstat data. The work carried out a search and selection of sustainable indicators, on the basis of which a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of family and demographic policy in Russia and its regions was proposed. The methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of family and demographic policy was tested in 10 pilot regions of the country, which made it possible to develop recommendations for implementation.
Educación en bioética y neuropsicología: reconocimiento del aprendizaje selectivo
Authors: Rodríguez-Suárez Nathalia
Published: June 2022

Propósito/Contexto. Este texto se propone reflexionar sobre la educación en bioética desde los supuestos de la neuropsicología, con la cual las reflexiones que se pueden enriquecer de manera significativa, en particular, mediante el modelo patológico que describe a los pacientes con daño selectivo. A partir de estos casos es posible reconocer alteraciones aisladas en casi cualquier función mental superior; analizar este fenómeno tiene implicaciones en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la bioética.

Metodología/Enfoque. Por medio de un estudio narrativo de casos de pacientes con daño cerebral selectivo, se analiza el fenómeno de la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la bioética.

Resultados/Hallazgos. El daño cerebral selectivo permite reconocer la pérdida selectiva de una función adquirida, lo que supone su previo aprendizaje. De esta manera, es válido sugerir que, en la medida en que es posible perder de manera selectiva una función previamente aprendida, también sería viable pensar qué se aprende de manera selectiva. Esto incluye el saber bioético, un aprendizaje que no se da necesariamente solo por la experiencia de vida.

Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. La educación en bioética puede fortalecer sus procesos de enseñanza al reconocer el aprendizaje selectivo, no necesariamente dado por la sola vivencia.
Curso de ética y bioética en la modalidad de educación a distancia: percepción de los profesionales de enfermería
Authors: Dos Santos Pereira Márcia , Spagnol Carla Aparecida , Palhares Guimarães Eliane Marina , Bicalho Godoy Solange Cervinho , Villa Eliana Aparecida , Da Silva Soleane Franciele
Published: June 2022

Propósito/Contexto. Este artículo tiene como propósito evaluar el uso de la metodología de educación a distancia en la educación permanente desde la perspectiva de los profesionales de enfermería que participaron en el curso de ética y bioética en el Hospital Público Universitario de Minas Gerais.

Metodología/Enfoque. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo exploratorio con abordaje cualitativo que utilizó la técnica del discurso del sujeto colectivo (DSC) propuesta por Lefèvre y Lefèvre (2005) para analizar los testimonios de los profesionales de enfermería sobre el curso. Los participantes de la investigación fueron enfermeros y técnicos de enfermería quienes aceptaron participar luego de firmar el formulario de consentimiento informado.

Resultados/Hallazgos. Se encontraron tres categorías de análisis en los discursos de los participantes, las cuales posibilitaron la construcción de discursos colectivos a saber: la identificación con el tema de la ética, el aprendizaje a distancia y el apoyo institucional para la educación continua.

Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. Las declaraciones mostraron que la temática de la bioética y el curso que se ofrecía a distancia fueron determinantes para la participación de la enfermería. Sin embargo, parece que persisten los desafíos para participar en las actividades de capacitación, incluso si se ofrecen a distancia, debido a las precarias condiciones de trabajo y la falta de apoyo institucional. Estos aportes apuntan a la responsabilidad de los gestores en las mejoras estructurales en la oferta de cursos que amplíen el debate sobre bioética en los servicios de salud, especialmente en tiempos de pandemia.
Repercusiones de la teleducación en tiempos de pandemia: desigualdades socioeconómicas
Authors: Gómez Rojas Eduardo Guillermo , González Álvarez Mireya del Carmen , Fernández López Fanny Sarahi , Borrego González David
Published: June 2022

Propósito. Identificar la teleducación universitaria en México, durante la pandemia, determinando los factores económicos, sociales y familiares y analizando los condicionantes de desigualdad, la afectación en el aprendizaje y la repercusión en el promedio escolar y sobre los apoyos estudiantiles de las instituciones. 

Metodología. La metodología consiste en un estudio mixto a estudiantes universitarios del Estado de Coahuila, en julio de 2021, mediante una encuesta online de 31 reactivos de las cuales 2 fueron de respuesta abierta para analizar el apoyo económico con el que cuentan y la afectación en la calidad educativa.

Resultados. 86 universitarios que comparten el hogar con personas que estudian o trabajan en línea; al 62.4 % de ellos se les solicita que realicen tareas domésticas al tiempo de sus clases. El 86.14 % utilizó datos móviles para conectarse, lo que incrementa los costos de la educación. El 86.1 % refiriere que disminuyó la calidad del aprendizaje al iniciar las clases virtuales. Un 64.36 % refiere que al menos alguno de sus compañeros abandonó los estudios, por los motivos expuestos.

Conclusiones. Se concluye que la pandemia tuvo grandes repercusiones educativas, sociales, económicas y de forma secundaria, en la salud mental. No se cumplen los objetivos de la Declaración Universal de Bioética y Derechos Humanos de la UNESCO, en los artículos 2 (promover el acceso equitativo a diversos adelantos tecnologicos) y 10 (justicia, igualdad y equidad).
Bioengenharia: diálogo entre o direito e a bioética
Authors: Gabriel Ribeiro Oliveira , Santos Savio Gonçalves dos
Published: June 2022

Objetivo/Contexto. Nos últimos dez anos, o desenvolvimento de tecnologias disruptivas causou inúmeras controvérsias em diversos campos do conhecimento científico e tecnológico. Este artigo analisa o desenvolvimento científico de tecnologias disruptivas e as sequelas que podem causar. Visa esclarecer a era atual da biotecnologia e seus desafios decorrentes de uma forma mais pedagógica, onde à ameaça sobre o surgimento de uma nova forma de eugenia. Propõem-se enriquecer o debate ético-legal e bioético sobre os limites importantes que precisam ser estabelecidos.

Metodologia/Abordagem. Os métodos de pesquisa utilizados foram, análise documental, a revisão da literatura e a pesquisa qualitativa.

Resultados/Descobertas. Em relação aos resultados, é necessário ponderar que o princípio da dignidade humana deve ser usado como uma peneira ética para experimentos futuros, mas não pode ser interpretado como um princípio restritivo, pois as correções dos distúrbios patológicos congênitos são necessárias para a experiência humana.

Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições. Por conseguinte, as indagações suscitadas neste trabalho são necessárias, uma que vez, o progresso científico está crescendo exponencialmente, e os debates jus-filosóficos não tem acompanhado.
O reset humanitário e o novo tratado internacional da solidariedade global: um caminho para a resiliência global
Authors: de Oliveira Magalhães da Silva Loureiro Claudia Regina
Published: June 2022

Objetivo/Contexto. O artigo discute a proposta do Novo Tratado da Solidariedade Global para o Enfrentamento de Pandemias, como paradigma para o reset humanitário, como um caminho para a resiliência global da humanidade.

Metodologia/ Abordagem. Com a utilização do método dedutivo, com a técnica de documentação indireta, através da análise da doutrina e dos documentos internacionais, o artigo abordará a necessidade de se revisitar a teoria do antropoceno, considerando-se o homem em sua relação harmônica com a natureza, bem como o redesenho das fronteiras entre a humanidade e o vírus, para a conformação de uma nova comunidade internacional, em solidariedade global.

Resultados/Descobertas. O artigo refletirá sobre a contribuição do Tratado Internacional para Futuras Pandemias na sociedade pós-pandêmica resiliente e concatenada com o princípio da solidariedade global, para a realização do reset humanitário.

Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições. O trabalho analisará os contornos da comunidade internacional pós-pandêmica, consequência do antropocentrismo e adentrará no âmbito do ecocentrismo, propondo uma comunidade resiliente, no contexto do princípio da cooperação internacional, tomando-se como parâmetro o great reset, com a finalidade de adaptar referida ideia para o reset humanitário, necessário para a convivência da humanidade em solidariedade, no ambiente pós-pandêmico.
Biología cuántica y ciencias de la salud: un diálogo posible
Authors: Aristizábal Tobler Chantal , Cárdenas López Hugo , Gómez Barrera Luis Alejandro , Sandoval París Jorge , Arango Ruda Daniela , Villar Concha Eduardo , Martínez R. María Carolina , García Ana Camila , Galvis Villamizar Santiago , Parra Chica Wilson
Published: June 2022

La biología cuántica llegó a manifestarse hasta el siglo XXI. No obstante, en su periodo de incubación, predominaron la física cuántica y la química cuántica. En este marco, los académicos descubrieron que las ciencias sociales, humanas y de la salud seguían siendo consideradas como precuánticas; es decir, conservaban la estructura mental de la mecánica clásica y, por ende, no escudriñaban en los temas, los ejes, los problemas, los fenómenos y las dinámicas propias de la cuántica. Los autores están convencidos de que es posible efectuar un diálogo entre las ciencias de la salud y la biología cuántica. Por lo demás, este diálogo permitirá que se entienda a profundidad la complejidad de la vida. El estudio de la complejidad le rehúye a una comprensión clásica de los sistemas vivos. Por esta razón, los investigadores emplean el mecanismo de la economía del lenguaje y los argumentos físicos o físico-químicos.
Introduction to NJWLS 2022-2
Authors: Buch Anders
Published: June 2022

This summer issue of Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies brings four original research articles.
Conceptualising Māori and Pasifika Aspirations and Striving for Success
Authors:   NZCER, Alansari Mohamed , Webber Melinda ,   The University of Auckland, Overbye Sinead ,   NZCER, Tuifagalele Renee ,   NZCER, Edge Kiri ,   NZCER
Published: June 2022

The COMPASS project is part of NZCER’s Te Pae Tawhiti Government Grant programme of research. It is also aligned to the broad goals and aspirations of NZCER, in that its overarching purpose is to give effect to Te Tiriti o Waitangi and the notion of Whakatere Tōmua—Wayfinding. The COMPASS project has examined the ways kaiako, ākonga, and whānau navigate educational experiences and contexts. Using quantitative and qualitative data, the report focuses on examining the social-psychological conditions for school success from the perspectives of Māori and Pasifika students (n = 5,843), Pasifika whānau members (n = 362), and Māori kaiako (n = 311) from 102 schools across Aotearoa New Zealand.
The More Things Change, The More they Stay the Same: Border Governance and Resistance along Mexico’s Southern Border with Guatemala
Authors: Angulo-Pasel Carla
Published: June 2022

With the politics of borders, the socio-economic divide between the United States and Mexico is evident. The geographic proximity to the U.S. makes the Mexico–Guatemala border an extension of the U.S. border enforcement regime. This article argues that the politics surrounding the U.S.–Guatemala border have not necessarily changed, because, at the core, the main objective of these border governance practices is to stop the movement of undesirable bodies (Khosravi 2011). Further, the article argues that the practices of containment force migrants to resist through their movement and seek strategies of survival. By comparing the administrations of Peña Nieto and López Obrador (AMLO) and analyzing the survival strategy of migrant “caravans” through border policy analysis and fieldwork conducted in 2014, I show that this border is a site of struggle between the state’s power and migrants’ forms of resistance. I find that border tactics are influenced by U.S. border enforcement requirements of increased militarization and policing, but also aim to restrict and control certain populations. The result is the perpetual securitization of people and the militarization of pathways. Migrants, however, also employ forms of organizing such as travelling in mass groups to achieve safe passage, thus exercising their agency through movement. The bordering practices and the forms of resistance indicate that this border is a constant site of struggle that requires further examination.
Subordinating Space: Immigration Enforcement, Hierarchy, and the Politics of Scale in Mexico and Central America
Authors: Jared Van Ramshorst  , Walker Margath
Published: June 2022

In recent years, security and immigration enforcement has expanded rapidly throughout Mexico. From checkpoints and patrols to a vast system of detention and deportation, Mexican officials have implemented far-reaching measures to curtail international migration from Central America. Many of these efforts have been concentrated along the Mexico–Guatemala border and deep within southern Mexico, culminating in Programa Frontera Sur, a militarized approach to border security implemented in 2014. In this article, we explore how security and immigration enforcement in Mexico rely on spatial hierarchies that divide north and south. The practice of security and immigration enforcement has received significant attention across many disciplines. The notion of spatial hierarchies and the ways in which scalar differentiation impinges upon well-being has been less covered. As we show, these hierarchies partition North and Central America according to colonial modes, subordinating the latter as inferior while working across global, national, and local scales. Crucially, the linkages between securitization and the spatialization of hierarchies provide insights into nation-building and regional identity, where Mexico and the United States are increasingly designated as separate from South and Central America.
Bunker Mentalities: The Shifting Imaginaries of Albania’s Fortified Landscape
Authors: Lasserre Frédéric , Arapi Enkeleda , Bennett Mia
Published: June 2022

Between 1967 and 1986, the Albanian government built an estimated 750,000 small and medium-sized military bunkers for defense purposes. These concrete constructions were spread across the country’s territory, with many concentrated along borders and beaches, in cities, and near key industries, strategic points, and transportation infrastructure. Long symbols of the communist regime, after it collapsed in 1991, the bunkers lost their purpose. As a result, both the narratives surrounding bunkers and their actual uses experienced significant transformations. Originally designed to control borders and instill fear in the population, bunkers have since been abandoned, destroyed, and graffitied, as might be expected. More notably, local entrepreneurs have transformed some bunkers into hotels or restaurants, while the state and non-profit organizations have turned others into commemorative sites that respectively glorify or expose the communist regime’s undertakings. Our ethnographic research into the discursive and material shifts to Albania’s fortified landscape, based on several field trips, interviews and investigations carried out between 2007 and 2017, identifies four contemporary “bunker mentalities” in Albania: indifference, derision, commodification, and commemoration.
Results of the reconnaissance magnetostratigraphic studies of Paleocene in the southern part of the Saratov right bank
Authors:   Saratov State University, Shelepov Dmitriy A. , Guzhikov Andrey Yu. ,   Saratov State University
Published: June 2022

The results of rock-magnetic and paleomagnetic studies of two sections of the Lower Syzran subformation (Paleocene) of the Saratov Right Bank – the Syrt Mountain (Nizhnyaya Bannovka village) and Lysaya Gora (Saratov city) are presented. For the first time the possibility of obtaining paleomagnetic data on the Paleocene of the Volga region and their use for magnetostratigraphic purposes despite the partial remagnetization of rocks has been established. The prospects of using rock-magnetic characteristics of deposits for detailed correlations of sections and sedimentological reconstructions are demonstrated.
Estimation of frequency response of the global temperature to change in radiative forcing
Authors:   Saratov State University, Bogdanov Mikhail B. , Cherviakov Maksim Yu. ,   Saratov State University
Published: June 2022

The Earth’s climate system (ECS) is considered as a linear system whose input is a change in the solar constant ΔI( t) and the output is an anomaly of the globally averaged surface temperature ΔT( t). The system input can be affected by other factors, and at the output their own temperature fluctuations and a random noise manifest themselves. All these factors are assumed to be independent of ΔI( t). The spectral analysis of monthly mean values of ΔI( t) and ΔT( t) shows the existence of statistically significant coherence. The amplitude-frequency response A( f) of the ECS is different from zero up to the Nyquist’s frequency 0.5 month−1. The results areconsistent with the previously obtained estimate of the equivalent time constant of the ESC 1.31 ± 0.03 month.
Dust load on ground air and street roads in the central (historical) part of Saratov
Authors:   Saratov State University, Nevryuev Alexander M. , Makarov Vladimir Z. ,   Saratov State University
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of atmochemical and lithochemical analysis of dust particles in the surface air layer and dust estimates along road curbs in the main types of urban landscape areas in the central part of Saratov.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol consumption in Russia (territorial aspect)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Samonina Svetlana S.
Published: June 2022

The analysis of changes in alcohol consumption by the population of Russia for the period from January 2019 to December 2020 in the context of the development of the COVID-19 pandemic was made. The main psychological and social reasons for the increase in the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption during this period are considered, and a discrepancy between the annual dynamics of alcoholic beverages sales and the development of the epidemic is revealed. It is shown that during the coronavirus epidemic sales of strong alcoholic beverages – vodka and liquor products with an alcohol content of more than 25% – are increased. Groups of regions with positive and negative dynamics of alcohol sales during the pandemic were identified.
Pattern of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the west and northwest of Iran, a meta-analysis
Authors: Ansarin Khalil , Sahebi Leyla
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (Tb) is a major public health issue across the world. Therefore, it is crucial to determine its pattern in different regions of the world. The aim of this study was to review the prevalence of drug resistant TB in the west and northwest of Iran.
Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was performed to identify studies (2010 to 2021) in Google Schol- ar, PubMed, Thomson Reuters, Scientific Information Database (SID), Cochrane Library, and Medical Library (MedLib) databases. The patterns of any drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB); resistance to isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), streptomycin (SMP), ethambutol (EMB), and multiple drug resistance (MDR) were reviewed in tuberculosis in the west and northwest of Iran.
Results: In this review, 7 studies met the eligibility criteria for a meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of any drug resistant TB was 13% (CI 95%: 9.0, 17.0) (43.0% in re-treatment group). The pooled prevalence of any drug resistant TB was more than 1.5 times higher in men compared to women (15% vs. 9.0%). The pooled prevalence (%) of resistance to INH, RMP, SMP, EMB and MDR-TB was 11.0%, 12.0%, 13.0%, 6.0%, and 6.0%, respectively. Kermanshah Province (a province in the west of Iran) showed a high prevalence of any type of drug resistance and MDR-TB (15.9% and 20.0%, respectively).
Conclusion: It seems that the western provinces of Iran have a different pattern of drug resistance compared to the northwest- ern provinces. Considering the extent of Iran and the neighboring countries, it is recommended that the pattern of tuberculo- sis drug resistance be reviewed separately in different provinces or regions of Iran. Drug resistance in the re-treatment group was more than three times that of all patients with TB drug resistance. The burden of drug resistance reduces significantly with better control and management of TB drug treatment and preventing re-infection.
Detection of causative agents of bacterial pneumonia in hospitalized hajj and umrah cases by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Setiawaty Vivi , Darmawati Dini , Ardiansyah Nugraha Arie , Hendrati Pancrasia Maria
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is commonly detected in pneumonia patients who travel from the Middle East regions. Besides MERS-CoV, many other pathogenic agents cause pneumonia. Detection of such organisms must be done swiftly, especially in case of the negative MERS-CoV samples. The aim of this study was to identify the pathogenic agents that might account for bacterial pneumonia, from Hajj and Umrah pneumonia cases.
Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study, 38 pneumonia clinical samples from suffering of Hajj and Umrah in 2017 with negative MERS-CoV were selected. The laboratory testing was done at National Reference Laboratory in Jakarta and performed by multiplex real-time PCR using a FTD respiratory pathogens.
Results: Haemophilus influenzae (26.4%) was the most frequent bacteria detected. Other causative agents of bacterial pneu- monia identified were Moraxella catarrhalis (20.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.2%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (9.4%), and Staphylococcus aureus (5.7%). From 38 samples showed that 25 (65.79%) samples were positive with bacteria, in- cluding five samples with coinfection. The coinfection were combinations among S. aureus and S. pneumoniae (1/20), S. pneumoniae and K. pneumoniae (1/20), S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis (2/20), S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae (2/20), K. pneumoniae and H. influenzae (5/20), and M. catarrhalis and H. influenzae (5/20).
Conclusion: Haemophilus influenzae is the most recurrent bacteria to be identified in samples of pneumonia of hajj and umrah cases.
Identification of major sequence types among aminoglycoside resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from clinical samples
Authors: Bourbour Samaneh , Beigverdi Reza , Beheshti Maryam , Jabalameli Fereshteh , Emaneini Mohammad
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives: Aminoglycosides have been widely used for treating severe staphylococcal infections. Pro- duction aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) is the main mechanism of resistance to this antibiotic. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of AME genes and molecular characterization of aminoglycoside-resistant Staphylo- coccus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from clinical specimens in Iran.
Materials and Methods: A total of 42 clinical isolates of Gram-positive cocci (20 S. aureus and 22 S. epidermidis) with resistance to gentamicin were tested for antimicrobial resistance and differentiated by multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
Results: All 42 isolates were resistant to methicillin, kanamycin,and most of them were also resistant to amikacin (98%), tobramycin (98%) and netilmycin (78.5%). Overall, aac(6’)-Ie-aph(2’’)-Ia was the dominant AME gene found in 100% of isolates, followed by aph(3')IIIa found in 90% of isolates. MLST classified S. aureus and S. epidermidis into 5 and 9 distinct sequence types (ST), respectively. The majority of the strains belonged to ST239 (50%) for S. aureus and ST2 (36%) for S. epidermidis.
Conclusion: The resistance to aminoglycosides was mainly due to the presence of the aac(6’)-Ie-aph(2’’)-Ia and aph(3') IIIa genes as well as the ST239 for S. aureus and ST2 for S. epidermidis have become the predominant clones in the selected university hospital of Tehran, Iran. Thus, it is critical that clinicians and healthcare workers are aware of the population of S. aureus and S. epidermidis present in order to make decisions for appropriate treatment and infection control practices.
Incidence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of uropathogenic Escherichia coli positive for extended spectrum β-lactamase among HIV/ AIDS patients in Awka metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Nwokolo Chikaodili J. , Ugwu Malachy C. , Ejikeugwu Chika P. , R. Iroha Ifeanyichukwu , Esimone Charles O.
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives: This study investigated the incidence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of extended spec- trum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli recovered from HIV/AIDS patients in Awka metropolis, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: A total of 363 urine samples were bacteriologically analyzed for the isolation of E. coli isolates which were further characterized using standard microbiology techniques. The isolated uropathogenic E. coli was tested for susceptibility to a range of clinically important antibiotics using the modified disk diffusion technique. All E. coli isolates were phenotypically screened for ESBL production using the combined disk technique, and strains which were positive were further confirmed for the presence of ESBL genes using PCR technique.
Results: A total 160 (44.1%) non-duplicate isolates were bacteriologically confirmed to be uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). The E. coli isolates showed reduced susceptibility to important antibiotics including ceftazidime (76.88%), cefuroxime (77.5%), cefixime (61.88%), amoxicillin-clavulanic (32.5%) and ciprofloxacin (34.38%). Twenty-seven of the UPEC iso- lates were phenotypically confirmed to be ESBL producers. PCR test confirmed some important genes mediating ESBL production in Gram negative bacteria including bla TEM (5.0%) and bla CTX-M-15 (6.9%) genes.
Conclusion: We report a high prevalence of ESBL producers among HIV/AIDS patients in Awka, Nigeria. This result is important as antibiotic resistance (ABR) particularly those mediated by multidrug resistant bacteria as reported in this current study could complicate treatment outcome, worsen the individual’s health, and even increase cost of treatment and hospital- ization. It is therefore important to lookout for ESBL positive UPEC amongst HIV/AIDS patients in Nigeria.