bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Título en español.
Authors: Franklin W. Martin  , Herminio Delpín
Published: October 2020

Los ñames medicinales, los cuales son fuentes de hormonas esteroides (cortisona), se propagan mediante esquejes de tallo, lo cual constituye un nuevo método para la propagación de estas especies de ñames. En los experimentos llevados a cabo en los cuales se consideró la estación del año, la posición de la hoja en el tallo y el tratamiento con hormonas y fungicidas en la propagación por esquejes de dos especies de ñames medicinales, la D. composita, y D. floribunda, se encontró que el factor más importante es el uso de hojas jóvenes, vigorosas y suculentas. Las hojas que se producen durante la primavera tienen estos requisitos. Pueden prepararse esquejes de todas las hojas accesibles. Se descubrió que las hormonas estimulan el crecimiento de las raíces, y que los fungicidas no son necesarios, si se pone en práctica un buen plan de saneamiento. Los tratamientos con clorohidrina de etileno en recipientes cerrados, a razón de 0.25 ml. por litro de espacio, estimulan el crecimiento de los tallos. Las dos especies bajo investigación se comportaron de manera distinta, con respecto a su habilidad para responder a los tratamientos. Es necesario que los esquejes de tallo se traten siguiendo una aplicación regulada de llovizna artificial intermitente de modo que se mantengan húmedos. Las diferencias en cuanto al desarrollo de las raíces según la posición de la hoja en el tallo, fueron significativas en ambas especies. Los tratamientos que se les aplicaron a los esquejes, antes del desarrollo de las raíces, influyeron sobre la sobrevivencia y la producción de las mismas.
A New Low-Cost Method of Harvesting Coffee in High-Yielding Plantations
Authors: Vicente-Chandler José , Silva Servando , Abruña Fernando
Published: October 2020

A new, simple method for harvesting coffee in intensively managed, high-yielding plantations is described. Long-lasting plastic netting is laid between coffee rows. Berries dropping on the netting are collected about every 6 weeks and processed by a simple modification of the current system. Quality of the coffee produced is equivalent to that of Brazilian "Santos". This new method reduces labor requirements for harvesting to less than one-third, and increases yields of harvested coffee by over 50 percent as compared with the current system, by reducing field losses of coffee. Net profit is increased 2 1/2 times to over $500 per acre yearly with wages of $8 daily. Cost of the netting is $400 per acre. Government credit or subsidies are suggested to help defray this initial cost.
Host Range, Biology, and Factors Affecting Survival and Reproduction of the Stubby Root Nematode
Authors: Ayala Alejandro , Allen M. W. , Noffsinger E. M.
Published: October 2020

Populations of T. allius increased to levels nine times higher in Glurk tobacco plants infected with California tobacco rattle virus than in healthy plants of the same variety and age. Populations of T. christiei increased with applications of Hoagland's nutrient solution diluted up to 50-percent concentration, whereas population densities were low at the highest concentration (100 percent), and in water alone. Trichodorus allius did not seem to be affected to a large extent by similar applications of Hoagland's nutrient solution. Soil type influenced populations of T. allius; lighter soils were conducive to development of higher populations while soil, coarse sand, and white quartz sand used separately were not favorable for reproduction. Temperature proved to be one of the most important ecological factors in nematode reproduction. The optimum temperatures for the reproduction of each species was as follows: T. christiei, 16° to 24° C; T. porosus, 24° C; and. T allius, 21° to 24° C. Extremes of temperatures at which the different species could reproduce also varied. Populations of T. christiei were affected by an undetermined disease or condition which seemed to slow movement but did not have any apparent effect on rate of reproduction. Host ranges of three species of Trichodorus were studied. All three nematode species seemed to be polyphagous because 90 percent, 90 percent and 95 percent of the plant species tested were hosts of T. christiei, T. porosus, and T. allius, respectively. Twenty-five plant species were tested for T. porosus, 50 for T. christiei and 38 for T. allius. A method is described for keeping populations of T. allius alive in water for extended periods of time.
Gummosis, Die-back, and Fruit Rot Disease of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Caused by Physalospora rhodina (B. and C.) Cke. in Puerto Rico
Authors: Avarez-García Luis A. , López-García Justo
Published: October 2020

A fairly large number of grafted mango seedlings, kept under partial shade in the Fortuna Substation, were damaged by a serious die-back disease which caused death of the scions and necrosis of the wounded tissues of the root-stocks. In the orchard, trees of the susceptible variety Jacqueline developed very serious die-back symptoms and stem cankers. The disease was prevalent during December 1965 and January 1966. The high percentage of natural infection can be attributed to the wide-spread occurrence of the parasite, Physalospora rhodina. The imperfect stage of the organism, Diplodia, is endemic in the Island, and was repeatedly isolated from the following hosts: avocado, orchids, pigeon peas, papaya, alfalfa, mango, and sugarcane. Six distinct physiologic races were recognized when using the aversion test. The perfect Physalospora form was produced when the physiologic races were cultured independently on caimito fruits or in young papaya stems and petioles. This organism is a wound parasite and capable of causing great damage under certain favorable conditions, as when grafted mango trees are kept in a humid propagation shed. In the nursery the disease was controlled by practicing such preventive methods as: Selection of scions from healthy trees, sterilization of the budding knife with alcohol, keeping the grafted trees in a relatively dry environment, and gradual exposure of grafted mangos in plant beds to full sunlight. In the orchard, control was attained by spraying the mango trees periodically with copper oxichloride sulphate (3 lbs./100 gal.) and by paintings of the stems frequently with a thick paste of the above mentioned fungicide.
Gastroenteritis eosinofílica: aspectos clínicos e imagenológicos de una entidad poco frecuente, reporte de caso
Authors: Labra W. Andrés , Schiappacasse F. Giancarlo , Díaz A. Israel , Adlerstein L. Isabel , Navarro R. Alex , Carvajal H. Daniel
Published: October 2020

Las enfermedades asociadas a eosinófilos constituyen un grupo de patologías en que el aumento de los eosinófilos presenta un rol fundamental, encontrándose entre ellas la gastroenteritis eosinofílica, entidad poco frecuente. En la literatura existen pocos datos demográficos, con una prevalencia estimada entre 28-30 /100.000 habitantes. Los síntomas dependen principalmente del segmento afectado del tracto gastrointestinal y de la capa de la pared infiltrada por eosinófilos. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente masculino de 22 años con cuadro de diarrea de un mes de evolución, asociado a mucosidad y ocasionalmente estrías hemáticas. El estudio de laboratorio inicial mostró leucocitosis con eosinofilia, realizándose estudios de imágenes que demuestran extenso compromiso del tubo digestivo caracterizado por engrosamiento parietal difuso concéntrico y edema submucoso del estómago como también de asas de intestino delgado, asociado a ascitis. La endoscopia digestiva alta y biopsia confirmaron la presencia de focos de infiltración por eosinófilos. El paciente fue tratado con corticoides y dieta con restricción de lactosa y trigo, con evolución favorable, sin recaída tras la suspensión del tratamiento corticoidal.
Métodos de diagnóstico para la detección de la infección por Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Chahuán A. Javier , Pizarro R. Margarita , Díaz P. Luis A. , Villalón F. Alejandro , Riquelme P. Arnoldo
Published: October 2020

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) es una bacteria Gram negativa que sobrevive a la acidez gástrica. Se estima que aproximadamente el 50% de la población mundial es portadora de esta infección, siendo mayor la prevalencia en poblaciones africanas y latinoamericanas. Entre las manifestaciones clínicas asociadas a esta infección se encuentra gastritis, úlceras pépticas, linfoma MALT, cáncer gástrico y otras patologías extradigestivas. La infección crónica por H. pylori es el factor de riesgo más importante para el desarrollo de CG. Existen diversos métodos diagnósticos para detectar la infección por H. pylori, los métodos invasivos más utilizados son la prueba rápida de ureasa y tinción de Giemsa en biopsias gástricas. El cultivo y las técnicas moleculares son de gran utilidad para el estudio de presencia de H. pylori y estudios de resistencia antibiótica, pero suelen estar poco disponibles en los centros de atención en salud. Los métodos no invasivos más utilizados son la prueba de aire espirado con urea marcada y antígeno bacteriano en deposiciones. Los estudios serológicos son utilizados para estudios poblacionales. El uso e indicación de cada uno de los métodos de diagnóstico para la detección de infección por H. pylori, dependerá de las manifestaciones clínicas, los factores de riesgo de CG y la edad del paciente.
Manifestações autoimunes reumatológicas associadas ao tratamento com inibidores de checkpoint (ICP)
Authors: Andrade Danieli
Published: October 2020

O tratamento de determinados cânceres passou por muitos avanços nos últimos anos. Os oncologistas têm conseguido tratar alguns tumores com alta malignidade, como melanoma, câncer de mama, de pulmão, dentre outros, por driblar o sistema imunológico, aumentando a resposta ao câncer. Como efeito colateral, as drogas utilizadas nesse tratamento podem exacerbar a resposta imune, causando-lhe um desequilíbrio, desencadeando autoimunidade no paciente. O objetivo deste artigo é alertar o reumatologista sobre essas drogas e seus possíveis efeitos colaterais, para que possa otimizar o tratamento dos pacientes. A interação entre a Reumatologia e a Oncologia é fundamental para que possamos melhorar o manejo dos pacientes.
Unitermos: Autoimunidade. Imunoterapia. Inibidores de checkpoint. Câncer.
An Evaluation of the Operations of Micro-credit Schemes in Poverty Alleviation of the Rural People in Northern Ghana - Case Study of Ghanaian-Danish Community Programme (GDCP)
Authors: Mahama Fuseini
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the study was to examine the sustainability of poverty alleviation activities, utilisation of the funds, the adequacy of credit given to the beneficiaries, level of savings and the degree of attention given to non-income-related issues. The study used questionnaires to capture responses of beneficiaries of the Ghanaian Danish Community Programme (GDCP) Micro-credit scheme as well as secondary data from the annual financial reports and statements of the scheme. The data were analysed with the ratios of the interest income to operational cost, operational cost to loans disbursement to arrive at operational sustainability and cost of money lent respectively. Tables and charts were used to provide the pictorial analysis of the interest income and the operational cost. The study revealed that the schemes were on course to sustainability but were characterized by high operational costs because of the nature of their activities. The study also revealed that the credit services provision had a positive impact on the beneficiaries overall lives, family nutrition and savings and there was evidence of proper utilisation of the funds. These merits were however, impeded by the inadequacy of the credits amount and limited attention given to non-income-related issues. Finally, the researcher made some recommendations and suggested steps for their implementation.

Keywords: Sustainability; Beneficiaries; Poverty alleviation; Savings; Impact; Micro-credit scheme
Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay: A Tool for Drug Discovery from Natural Products
Authors: Owusu-Dapaah George , Fiagbe Nicolas I.Y.
Published: October 2020

This study demonstrates the importance of the Brine Shrimp Bioassay in drug discovery. It uses two medicinal plants, Zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides and Tiliacora funifera. Extracts of Zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides were prepared using water, ethanol, chloroform and diethylether, and each subjected to Brine Shrimp Bioassay. The bioactivities of the extracts were found to be in the order diethylether (LD50=0.958 mg/ml), followed by ethanol (LD50=1.874 mg/ml), water(LD50=2.322 mg/ml), and chloroform (3.518 mg/ml). From Tiliacora funifera is isolated the compound funiferine, which is derivatized to obtain o-methylfuniferine and o-isopropylfuniferine. These were subjected to the brine shrimp bioassay, and the structure –activity relationship (SAR) was determined. The results showed that o-isopropylfuniferine is the most bioactive (LD50 = 9.07 mg/ml), followed by o-methylfuniferine (LD50 =38 mg/ml) with funiferine showing the least activity (LD50 =50.25 mg/ml). The SAR of the compounds indicates that the activity of the compounds increases as the size of the group on the phenolic OH is increased, (i.e. isopropyl (C 3 H7 )> methyl (CH3 ) > hydrogen (H)), which suggests that bulkier groups may give more potent compounds. These two results show that the brine shrimp bioassay can be used as a tool in the search for more bioactive compounds from natural products.

Keywords: Brine Shrimp Bioassay, Zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides, Funiferine; o-methylfuniferine,o-isopropylfuniferine.
Budgeting And Budgetary Control Practices in Timber industries in Ghana: A Case of Logs and Lumber Limited
Authors: Frimpong Emmanuel Adjei , Ameyaw Francis , Osei-Bonsu Eugene
Published: October 2020

The study was undertaken to assess how companies use the activity of budgeting and budgetary control in their management process to achieve their desired results. Logs & Lumber Limited, a timber company in Kumasi, Ghana was studied. Convenient sampling method was used to select the respondents.. The sample was made up of 17 staff members of the company. The primary data were gathered through questionnaires and structured interview. The secondary data were budget reports and budget manual of the company from 2011-2015. The data obtained from the study were processed using the Stastical Package Software System (SPSS) version 16.0 to assess differences in the results. 100% of the respondents strongly agree that the company budget practices do not contradict with literature. It is concluded that to ensure an effective an efficient budget and budgetary control system identifying and mitigating limiting factors to budgets are the most relevant.

Keywords: Budgeting, budgetary control, timber industry, logs and lumber limited
SME Growth and Performance: Examining performance dimensions, drivers and Barriers
Authors: Lomatey Isaac Toku , Takyi Frank , Dzisi Smile , Ofori-Amanfo Joshua
Published: October 2020

This study examined SME performance dimensions, including the drivers and barriers to the growth of SMEs. Data for the study was collected from 175 respondents comprising CEOs, MDs and other staffs from SMEs in the Eastern region using the survey method. Data was analyzed using SmartPLS software. The study established that shared responsibility between management and staff, strong leadership and economic opportunities are key factors influencing growth. Entrepreneurial knowledge, experience and educational background are highly predicted when it comes to performance dimension of growth and financial sustainability. However, turbulent marketing conditions; lack of focus and strategic direction resulting from the owner’s absence; lack of financing, managerial and technical skills; poor political and economic environment together with the influx of foreign goods on the domestic market were established to adversely affect firm growth. SMEs’ growth would, undoubtedly, contribute significantly to improvement in Ghana’s GDP, with the potential for job creation for the increasing youth population, hence, appropriate political leadership is required to drive the agenda of SME growth. It is therefore recommended that responsible state agencies such as Ministry of Trade and Industry, NBSSI, in collaboration with financial institutions design and advance soft financial loans and/or assistance to identified distressed SMEs through their registered associations. Besides, government should rope SMEs in the implementation of its One District One Factory policy to attract the necessary state support.

Citation: Lomatey Isaac Toku, Frank Takyi, Smile Dzisi, and Joshua Ofori-Amanfo. SMEs growth and performance: performance dimensions, drivers and Barriers, 2020; 5(2): 36-47.

Received: March 8, 2019 Accepted: March 31, 2020
Imaginarios sociales del “conflicto” armado colombiano que reproducen un discurso simbólico de violencia
Authors: López Orozco Alexander
Published: October 2020

Este artículo de reflexión pone de manifiesto que aunque una gran parte de las investigaciones presenta el "conflicto" armado colombiano como estadística de los sucesos que han acontecido en el marco de la violencia fáctica, especialmente  desde el surgimiento de los movimientos insurgentes guerrilleros, no es solamente esta perspectiva desde donde se puede llegar a pensar y analizar la historia de la violencia en nuestro país, en aras de comprender el presente y planear el futuro en el postconflicto. También se puede pensar y analizar el "conflicto" armado como un discurso estructurado simbólicamente y entramado socialmente entre sí, edificado con el lenguaje y por ende puesto de manifiesto en las prácticas sociales que se reproducen habitualmente.
Dinámicas socioeconómicas en sistemas cafeteros del centro-suroccidente colombiano
Authors: Durán Carlos Andrés , Walteros Jeymmy
Published: October 2020

En las regiones suroccidental y central de Colombia han acontecido diferentes procesos que han moldeado las dinámicas socioeconómicas de los caficultores. El objetivo del presente estudio es confrontar la historia del café a diferentes escalas, espacialmente desde el ámbito nacional hasta un caso de estudio de dos Municipios del Cauca (Timbío y El Tambo) y temporalmente desde la consolidación de la Ley de tierras a inicios del siglo XX hasta la actualidad. A partir de la revisión documental, en contraste con las historias de vida de los campesinos, se construyó una línea de tiempo en la que se resaltan hitos sociales, económicos, culturales y políticos como una aproximación al complejo ambiente de los sistemas cafeteros. Entre los resultados más significativos destacan los impactos del conflicto armado y las reformas agrarias en las dinámicas socioecónomicas de los caficultores.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEDISIPLINAN GURU MELALUI PENERAPAN ABSENSI FINGER PRINT DI SMP NEGERI 1 CIPARAY KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Solihah N. Lisnur
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini lakukan untuk melihat secara utuh dan apa adanya proses penerapan absensi Finger Print, Seperti apa penerapan absensi Finger Print dalam mendisiplinkan kerja pegawai yang ada di SMP Negeri 1 Ciparay. Tujuan utama dari penelitian tindakan sekolah ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kedisiplinan guru melalui penerapan absensi Finger Print di SMP Negeri 1 Ciparay Kab. Bandung Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian tindakan sekolah (PTS). Hasil tindakan pada penelitian ini setelah diadakan penerapan mesin absensi Finger Print sebagai pencatat kehadiran, sebanyak 10 orang guru 23,81% terlambat datang ke sekolah kurang dari 15 menit, sebanyak 6 orang guru 14,29% terlambat datang ke sekolah antara 15 sampai dengan 30 menit, sebanyak 26 orang guru 61,90% datang ke sekolah tepat waktu atau sebelum melewati waktu yang telah ditentukan oleh sekolah, dan tidak ada guru yang terlambat datang kesekolah lebih dari 30 menit. Kemudian hasil rekapitulasi kepulangan guru dari sekolah diperoleh data, 16 orang guru 38,10% guru pulang tepat waktu, 21 orang guru 50% pulang cepat kurang dari 15 menit, 5 orang guru 11,90% pulang cepat antara 15 sampai dengan 30 menit, dan tidak ada guru yang pulang cepat lebih dari 30 menit. Dengan demikian Penerapan mesin absensi Finger Print sebagai pencatat kehadiran sangat efektif untuk meningkatkan disiplin guru di SMP Negeri 1 Ciparay.This research was conducted to prove the process of applying Finger Print attendance, how the application of Finger Print attendance in disciplining the work of teachers in Ciparay 1 Junior High School. The main objective of this school action research is to improve teachers discipline through the application of Finger Print absences in Ciparay 1 Junior High School, Bandung District in Academic Year 2019/2020. The research method used is a school action research. The results of the action in this study after the implementation of the Finger Print attendance machine as a attendance recorder, as many as 10 teachers 23.81% were late coming to school less than 15 minutes, as many as 6 teachers 14.29% were late coming to school between 15 to 30 minutes, as many as 26 teachers 61.90% arrive at school on time or before the time determined by the school, and no teacher is coming late to school by more than 30 minutes. Then the recapitulation results of the return of teachers from schools obtained data, 16 teachers 38.10% of teachers left on time, 21 teachers 50% went home less than 15 minutes, 5 teachers 11.90% went home quickly between 15 to 30 minutes, and no teacher returns early more than 30 minutes. Thus the application of the Finger Print attendance machine as a attendance attendant is very effective to improve teacher discipline in Ciparay 1 Junior High School.
MODELO MATEMÁTICO PARA POSTERGAÇÃO DE TEMPO NO PROJETO DE REDE LOGÍSTICA REVERSA COM NÍVEIS DE CAPACIDADE
Authors: Servare Junior Marcos Wagner Jesus , Cardoso Patrícia Alcântara
Published: October 2020

Uma questão crucial no projeto de eficientes sistemas logísticos é a identificação de locais para instalações dos estoques. Em paralelo a isso, o crescimento mundial do consumo de produtos ocasiona o surgimento de uma preocupação acerca do fim da vida útil ou o fim do consumo destes produtos uma vez que seu descarte inapropriado pode provocar problemas ambientais graves. O descarte do óleo usado é uma destas situações, que quando descartado de forma inapropriada pode acarretar um severo impacto ambiental em uma região. Neste artigo, para é analisado o problema de postergação de tempo e propõe uma modelagem matemática para utilização da postergação de tempo no projeto da cadeia de suprimentos reversa, com validação do seu uso com a aplicação no sistema logístico reverso do óleo de cozinha em Vitória a partir de cenários para avaliação da técnica e, então, solucionar de maneira eficiente e ótima o problema com a implementação no solver comercial CPLEX 12.6.
THE EFFECTS OF ILL-HEALTH AND DISABILITIES ON LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION AMONG NIGERIAN HOUSEHOLDS
Authors: Ahuru Rolle Remi , Efegbere Henry Akpojubaro
Published: October 2020

Nigeria has demeaning health statistics together with declining labour supply despite the large population size. This paper investigated the effect of illness, disability and other socio-demographic factors on labour force participation among Nigerian households. This study is cross-sectional in which secondary data from the General Household Survey (2015/2016) was used for the analysis. A representative sample of 4,200 household heads was used for the analyses. Both predictive and descriptive analyses were undertaken. Binary logistic regression was used to investigate predictors of labour force participation among the household heads. The data revealed that 52.1% of respondents were engaged in labour force. Controlling for other variables, the various forms of disabilities, ill-health, body injury, gender and educational attainment were significant determinants of labour force participation. The result provokes the need for policymakers to articulate policies that improve access to healthcare through the expansion of health insurance coverage. The study concluded that self-assessed health and education attainment influence labour force participation. Policies should be used to expand educational opportunities and improve access to healthcare services in Nigeria. To improve access to healthcare, the Nigeria government should increase the ownership of health insurance policy by broadening the coverage of the formal health insurance and encouraging community-based health insurance in the informal and rural sectors.
TAXATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE FORMER COMMUNIST BLOC. A PANEL DATA APPROACH
Authors: Husman Andrei Ionut
Published: October 2020

Taxation and its implications are an increasingly debated topic since taxation is a very important tool for the governments of all countries in controlling public finances. At the same time, taxation regulates in one way or another the wealth of a country and, implicitly, of its citizens. In this sense, through this paper we aim to analyse the impact of taxation on economic growth felt by citizens, and our attention has been focused on EU Member States from the former Communist Bloc: Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia. To measure the economic growth felt by the citizens, the best proxy is GDP per capita. Regarding taxation, we resorted to the use the revenues registered from personal income tax, corporate income tax and VAT. The chosen countries share a similar past and had in one way or another the same starting point in the 1990s. These countries are also from the same geographical region (Central and East European countries) and have to some extent comparable economies. Furthermore, we performed an econometric analysis with panel data for the period 2003-2018. The results thus obtained from the econometric tests indicated by an econometric model with random effects showed a direct positive relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables. The coefficients obtained were statistically significant in the case of independent variables represented by the revenues from personal income tax and VAT, while the coefficient related to revenues from corporate income tax proved to be statistically insignificant.
START-UPS AND INTERNATIONALISATION: THE CASE OF ROMANIA. PART 1. THEORETICAL OVERVIEW
Authors: Herte Anamaria Diana , Badulescu Daniel
Published: October 2020

Within the general concept of companies, start-ups are, more practically than theoretically, a distinct category including the so-called newly born companies struggling for existence and confirmation. Although theories of start-ups are still emerging, it is known that these companies are set up to put in practice great ideas and they grow to reach the success desired by their founders. The definition is, from a strict scientific point of view, approximate and quite inconsistent, which is why the clarification of the category of start-ups can be done using contributions from the theories of management, organization, complexity, and entrepreneurship or life stages, while admitting that a clear picture of these entities is not yet available. Regardless of the multitude of perspectives, researchers and practitioners agree that growth is therefore an essential part in the development, consolidation and orientation of start-ups. It is therefore not uncommon to find that the vast majority of European start-ups are interested in internationalizing, or expanding their internationalization, in the immediate future, despite considerable difficulties and challenges, exacerbated by lack of experience and the market power of new companies. The situation of start-ups in Romania is a bit more complex and certainly not as enthusiastic - a series of constraints, objectives and subjective, make the expansion on new markets an option not as attractive for young small and medium Romanian companies.
Ectopic pregnancy: Interventional Outcome at Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Sultana S , Yesmin S , Noor A N , Dewan S , Aman N F
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study is to determine the incidence and to evaluate and analyse the clinical presentation, risk factor and treatment of ectopic pregnancy in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. A prospective study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from August 2016 to December 2017. The study subjects included 50 women diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy (EP) to receive the treatment of medical and surgical procedure. In this study group the incidence was 4.7% among total gynecological admitted patient (2017) and the risk were within the age group 27-35 years. Majority of patients were having triad of symptom such as abdominal pain, secondary amenorrhoea and vaginal bleeding. Past NO abortion and abdomino-pelvic surgery were 66%. The commonest modality of treatment was Laparotomy (41 of 50, 86%), others were conservative with Inj. Methotrexate, failed conservative followed by Laparotomy (4%) and Laparoscopy (2%). EP is a common and life threatening entity. Women with infertility and past abdomino-pelvic surgery, MR, abortion are particularly at risk. Early diagnosis and intervention can reduce the mortality and morbidity of women having EP.
Work Related Quality of Life of Female Workers in A Garments Factory
Authors: Noor Md. A , Pasha AKM M K , Islam Md. N , Afroz R
Published: October 2020

Readymade Garment (RMG) was the key source of earning foreign currencies and had been playing a vital role in creating employment opportunity for the rural marginal people since long. This study explored the work related quality of life of female garment workers. This cross sectional study was conducted during July 2016 to June 2017 and data were collected from 400 female garment workers through face to face interview by using a semi-structured questionnaire. The average age of the garment workers was 23.09 years. Most (86%) of the workers had some level of education and only 14% had no formal education. The workers ' minimum and maximum monthly income was BDT-8500 and BDT-33500 respectively. Most of them agreed that they had good infrastructure, sanitation and safety facilities in the work place. All the workers (100%) were satisfied with job facilities and majority (72%) had a clear understanding about goals and aims to do their job at workplace. The workers also had positive impression about the issues related to job satisfaction and working condition. The study also discussed about the sexual issues. 6%, 7% and 9% of the female workers agreed respectively that they were sexually abused in the job, by the co-workers and by the supervisors. Most of the workers agreed to the statement that this job helped them to maintain a good quality of life and they were more respected in the family and society. Educational status, monthly income, infrastructure, sanitation and health safety facilities were statistically significant with the work related quality of life (p = <0.05). The study recommended improving workplace health facilities, needing based health care services, effective safery measures, providing periodic training programs, long term work provision and incentives for good work and opportunity for promotion.
Pemanfaatan Hasil Akreditasi Manajemen Madrasah Berprestasi, Mandiri, Islami dan Berdaya Saing Global (Studi di MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong)
Authors: Harahap Emmi Kholilah
Published: October 2020

Penelitan ini berjudul Manajemen Madrasah Berprestasi, Mandiri, Islami Dan Berdaya Saing Global (studi di MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong). MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong sangat memperhatikan mutu layanan belajar bagi siswa dengan maksimal, mutu mengajar guru, kelancaran layanan belajar, kenyamanan ruang belajar serta sarana prasarana lain,  kesempatan dalam menggunakan fasilitas serta layanan madrasah, budaya madrasah dan adanya dukungan dari masyarakat. MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong, dalam mengembangkan dan meningkatkan prestasi madrasah tidak lepas dari berbagai strategi, misalnya melakukan seleksi ketat dalam penerimaan mahasiswa baru yaitu dengan tes psikologi, tes potensial akademik, tes kesehatan dan wawancara, mengembangkan proses pembelajaran yang diarahkan pada penguasaan “basic knowledge of science and technology” dan “leadership life skill” atas dasar “asah, asuh, asih dan ajrih”. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengapa manajemen madrasah dapat menjadikan madrasah yang berprestasi, mandiri, islami dan berdaya saing global, untuk mengetahui manajemen madrasah di MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana madrasah yang menjadikan  MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong madrasah yang berprestasi, mandiri, islami dan berdaya saing global.

Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif untuk menguraikan, menggambarkan, menggali dan mendiskripsikan secara mendalam bagaimana manajemen madrasah di MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong, sehingga menjadikan madrasah yang berprestasi, Mandiri, islami dan berdaya saing global.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kerja keras yang dilakukan seluruh warga MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong dalam menghantarkan peserta didik menjadi insan berprestasi, Mandiri, islami dan berdaya saing global dapat dilihat dari keefektipan dalam semua perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi yang berlangsung di MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong. Keefektipan ini dapat dilihat dari tiga aspek yaitu: (1) MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong dalam mengembangkan mutu pendidikan. (2) MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong dalam Menerapkan manajemen Madrasah. (3) MAN Insan Cendikia Serpong dalam Pengoptimalan Fungsi Organisasi Kelembagaan
Mendesain Ulang Organisasi Pelayanan Publik Melalui Digitalisasi Proses Bisnis
Authors: Kurniasih Denok , Saputra Anggara Setya
Published: October 2020

This study aims to analyze the design changes of public service organizations by taking cases on licensing service organizations in Banyumas Regency. The results show that merging and pruning organizational structure becomes the only way in organizational design changes. This has led to public service organizations stuck on simplifying organizational structures and neglecting business processes. Therefore, through this research obtained an explanation of the importance of redesigning public service organizations by prioritizing the simplification of key business processes within the organization. The integrated organizational design becomes the best choice to realize more responsive and accountable public services. To integrate the process of integration between units within the organization, technology plays a very important role. Any organization that wants to go forward needs to develop a digital-based organization design rather than using a hierarchical mechanism for control and coordination. Such designs require strategic alignment and the culture of digital technology within the organization. The "actors-oriented" principle is central to the design of a digital-based integrated organization. If this is implemented correctly, then the workplace where the members of the organization are located can become more productive
Using an International Role-Modeling Pedagogy to Engage First-Year Occupational Therapy Students in Learning Professionalism
Authors: Chien Chi-Wen , Chloe Mo Sung Yu , Chow Joseph
Published: October 2020

Importance: Professionalism is a core attribute for competent occupational therapists, but teaching professionalism to students is challenging for educators.

Objective: To investigate whether students can expand their understanding of professionalism by engaging with international role models.

Design: Pretest–posttest.

Setting: One academic institution in Hong Kong.

Participants: First-year students (N = 102) enrolled in an introductory occupational therapy course.

Intervention: An international role-modeling pedagogy was informally embedded into a course curriculum. Students were divided into 16 groups and collaboratively interviewed eight role models (academic theory or practice model developers) to understand their inspiration and ideas about occupational therapy competence.

Outcomes and Measures: In addition to pre- and postclass surveys, students completed individual self-reflection reports as a course assignment. A postsemester focus group was also held.

Results: Sixty-three students completed the surveys, and 5 attended the focus group. The students showed significant improvements in their understanding of professionalism after the course (Wilcoxon signed rank Zs = 5.671–6.766, p < .001). Interviewing the role models enabled the students to become more aware of intrinsic aspects of professionalism. Major themes in the student focus group included gaining a better understanding of professionalism and committing to personal change. Some implementation challenges were also experienced.

Conclusions and Relevance: International experts (theory or practice model developers) can be integrated into occupational therapy curricula as role models to enhance the teaching of professionalism to students.

What This Article Adds: Interviewing international role models who have developed theories or practice models can enhance student learning in the area of professionalism and complement traditional approaches to clinical education.
Activating Behavior to Reduce Sedentary Behavior After Stroke: A Nonrandomized Pilot Feasibility Study
Authors: Kringle Emily A. , Terhorst Lauren , Gibbs Bethany Barone , Campbell Grace , McCue Michael , Skidmore Elizabeth R.
Published: October 2020

Importance: Reducing poststroke sedentary behavior is important for reducing recurrent stroke risk, yet interventions to achieve this are scant.

Objective: To assess the feasibility of, and estimate change in sedentary behavior over time associated with, a behavioral intervention.

Design: Single-arm delayed baseline with postintervention and 8-wk follow-up assessment.

Setting: Community based.

Participants: Ambulatory, community-dwelling people with chronic stroke and reported ≥6 hr daily sitting time (N = 21).

Intervention: Activating Behavior for Lasting Engagement (ABLE) was delivered by an occupational therapist 3×/wk for 4 wk. ABLE involves activity monitoring, activity scheduling, self-assessment, and collaborative problem solving.

Outcomes and Measures: Feasibility (participant safety, adherence, satisfaction, and reliable intervention delivery) was assessed against preestablished benchmarks. Changes over time in sedentary behavior (assessed with an ActivPAL micro3 device) and participation (Stroke Impact Scale–Participation subscale) were described.

Results: ABLE was safe (0 serious adverse events), adhered to (11.95 sessions/participant), and reliably delivered (90.00%–97.50% adherence). Participant satisfaction was unmet (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire–8, M = 28.75, SD = 3.84). ABLE was associated with a mean group reduction in prolonged sitting of 54.95 min (SD = 81.10) at postintervention and 14.08 (SD = 58.95) at follow-up. ABLE was associated with a negligible mean group increase over time in participation at postintervention (M = 1.48%, SD = 8.52) and follow-up (M = 1.33%, SD = 15.38).

Conclusions and Relevance: The ABLE intervention is feasible and may be associated with within-group reduction in sedentary behavior over time. Further refinement is indicated.

What This Article Adds: The ABLE intervention uses engagement in meaningful daily activities to reduce sedentary behavior after stroke. These findings suggest that ABLE can be delivered safely and consistently. Further research is required to enhance participant satisfaction and determine the effects of ABLE on stroke survivors’ sedentary behavior.
Information Rights
Authors: Coppel Philip
Published: October 2020

Retaining the position it has held since first publication, the fifth edition of this leading practitioner text on information law has been thoroughly re-worked to provide comprehensive coverage of the Data Protection Act 2018 and the GDPR.

Information Rights has been cited by the Supreme Court, Court of Appeal and others, and is used by practitioners, judges and all those who practise in the field. The new edition maintains its style of succinct statements of principle, supported by case law, legislative provisions and statutory guidance.

Reflecting its enlarged scope and to maintain easy referencing, the work has been arranged into two volumes.

The first volume is a 1,250-page commentary, divided into six parts. The first part is an overview and introduction to overarching principles. The second part provides an authoritative treatment of the data protection regime. This covers all four forms of processing (general, applied, law enforcement and security services) under the GDPR and DPA 2018. Each obligation and each right is comprehensively treated, with reference to all known case-law, both domestic and EU, including those dealing with analogous provisions in the previous data protection regime. The third part provides a detailed treatment of the environmental information regime. This recognises the treaty provenance of the regime and its distinct requirements. The fourth part continues to provide the most thorough analysis available of the Freedom of Information Act and its Scottish counterpart. As with earlier editions, every tribunal and court decision has been reviewed and, where required, referenced. The fifth part considers other sources of information rights, including common law rights, local government rights and subject-specific statutory information access regimes (eg health records, court records, audit information etc). The final part deals with practice and procedure, examining appeal and regulatory processes, criminal sanctions and so forth.

The second volume comprises extensive annotated statutory material, including the DPA 2018, the GDPR, FOIA, subordinate legislation, international conventions and statutory guidance.

The law is stated as at 1st February 2020.
Microphysical investigation of the seeder and feeder region of an Alpine
mixed-phase cloud
Authors: Ramelli Fabiola , Henneberger Jan , David Robert O. , Bühl Johannes , Radenz Martin , Seifert Patric , Wieder Jörg , Lauber Annika , Pasquier Julie T. , Engelmann Ronny , Mignani Claudia , Hervo Maxime , Lohmann Ulrike
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The seeder-feeder mechanism has been observed to enhance orographic precipitation in previous studies. However, the microphysical processes active in the seeder and feeder region are still being understood. In this paper, we investigate the seeder and feeder region of a mixed-phase cloud passing over the Swiss Alps, focusing on (1) fallstreaks of enhanced radar reflectivity originating from cloud top generating cells (seeder region) and (2) a persistent low-level feeder cloud produced by the boundary layer circulation (feeder region). Observations were obtained from a multi-dimensional set of instruments including ground-based remote sensing instrumentation (Ka-band polarimetric cloud radar, microwave radiometer, wind profiler), in situ instrumentation on a tethered balloon system and ground-based aerosol and precipitation measurements. The cloud radar observations suggest that ice formation and growth was enhanced within cloud top generating cells, which is consistent with previous observational studies. However, uncertainties exist regarding the dominant ice formation mechanism within these cells. Here we propose different mechanisms that potentially enhance ice nucleation and growth in cloud top generating cells (convective overshooting, radiative cooling, droplet shattering) and attempt to estimate their potential contribution from an ice nucleating particle perspective. Once ice formation and growth within the seeder region exceeded a threshold value, the mixed-phase cloud became fully glaciated. Local flow effects on the lee side of the mountain barrier induced the formation of a persistent low-level feeder cloud over a small-scale topographic feature in the inner-Alpine valley. In situ measurements within the low-level feeder cloud observed the production of secondary ice particles likely due to the Hallett–Mossop process and ice particle fragmentation upon ice–ice collisions. Therefore, secondary ice production may have been partly responsible for the elevated ice crystal number concentrations that have been previously observed in feeder clouds at mountain-top observatories. Secondary ice production in feeder clouds can potentially enhance orographic precipitation.
Impact of reduced anthropogenic emissions during COVID-19 on air quality in India
Authors: Zhang Mengyuan , Katiyar Apit , Zhu Shengqiang , Shen Juanyong , Xia Men , Ma Jinlong , Kota Sri Harsha , Wang Peng , Zhang Hongliang
Published: October 2020

Abstract. To mitigate the impacts of the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the Indian government implemented lockdown measures on March 24, 2020, which prohibit unnecessary anthropogenic activities and thus leading to a significant reduction in emissions. To investigate the impacts of this lockdown measures on air quality in India, we used the Community Multi-Scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to estimate the changes of key air pollutants. From pre-lockdown to lockdown periods, improved air quality is observed in India, indicated by the lower key pollutant levels such as PM2.5 (−26 %), maximum daily 8-h average ozone (MDA8 O3) (−11 %), NO2 (−50 %), and SO2 (−14 %). In addition, changes in these pollutants show distinct spatial variations with the more important decrease in northern and western India. During the lockdown, our results illustrate that such emission reductions play a positive role in the improvement of air quality. Significant reductions of PM2.5 and its major components are observed especially for secondary inorganic aerosols with the decreasing rates up to 92 %, 57 %, and 79 % for nitrate (NO3−), sulfate (SO42−), ammonium (NH4+), respectively. On average, the MDA8 O3 also decreases 15 % during the lockdown period although it increases sparsely in some urban locations, which is mainly due to the lower NOx and VOCs emissions. More aggressive and localized emissions control strategies should be implemented in India to mitigate air pollutions in the future.