bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiomics analysis to predict pulmonary nodule malignancy using machine learning approaches
Authors: Warkentin Matthew T , Al-Sawaihey Hamad , Lam Stephen , Liu Geoffrey , Diergaarde Brenda , Yuan Jian-Min , Wilson David O , Atkar-Khattra Sukhinder , Grant Benjamin , Brhane Yonathan , Khodayari-Moez Elham , Murison Kiera R , Tammemagi Martin C , Campbell Kieran R , Hung Rayjean J
Published: January 2024

Background

Low-dose CT screening can reduce lung cancer-related mortality. However, most screen-detected pulmonary abnormalities do not develop into cancer and it often remains challenging to identify malignant nodules, particularly among indeterminate nodules. We aimed to develop and assess prediction models based on radiological features to discriminate between benign and malignant pulmonary lesions detected on a baseline screen.

Methods

Using four international lung cancer screening studies, we extracted 2060 radiomic features for each of 16 797 nodules (513 malignant) among 6865 participants. After filtering out low-quality radiomic features, 642 radiomic and 9 epidemiological features remained for model development. We used cross-validation and grid search to assess three machine learning (ML) models (eXtreme Gradient Boosted Trees, random forest, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)) for their ability to accurately predict risk of malignancy for pulmonary nodules. We report model performance based on the area under the curve (AUC) and calibration metrics in the held-out test set.

Results

The LASSO model yielded the best predictive performance in cross-validation and was fit in the full training set based on optimised hyperparameters. Our radiomics model had a test-set AUC of 0.93 (95% CI 0.90 to 0.96) and outperformed the established Pan-Canadian Early Detection of Lung Cancer model (AUC 0.87, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.89) for nodule assessment. Our model performed well among both solid (AUC 0.93, 95% CI 0.89 to 0.97) and subsolid nodules (AUC 0.91, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.95).

Conclusions

We developed highly accurate ML models based on radiomic and epidemiological features from four international lung cancer screening studies that may be suitable for assessing indeterminate screen-detected pulmonary nodules for risk of malignancy.
Type-2 inflammation and lung function decline in chronic airway disease in the general population
Authors: Çolak Yunus , Afzal Shoaib , Marott Jacob Louis , Vestbo Jørgen , Nordestgaard Børge Grønne , Lange Peter
Published: January 2024

Background

It is unclear if type-2 inflammation is associated with accelerated lung function decline in individuals with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We tested the hypothesis that type-2 inflammation indicated by elevated blood eosinophils (BE) and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is associated with accelerated lung function decline in the general population.

Methods

We included adults from the Copenhagen General Population Study with measurements of BE (N=15 605) and FeNO (N=2583) from a follow-up examination and assessed forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) decline in the preceding 10 years. Based on pre- and post-bronchodilator lung function, smoking history and asthma at follow-up examination, participants were assigned as not having airway disease, asthma with full reversibility (AR), asthma with persistent obstruction (APO), COPD, and not classifiable airflow limitation (NAL).

Results

FEV1decline in mL/year increased with 1.0 (95% CI 0.6 to 1.4, p<0.0001) per 100 cells/µL higher BE and with 3.2 (95% CI 2.0 to 4.5, p<0.0001) per 10 ppb higher FeNO. Adjusted FEV1decline in mL/year was 18 (95% CI 17 to 20) in those with BE<300 cells/µL and FeNO<20 ppb, 22 (19–25) in BE≥300 cells/µL or FeNO≥20 ppb, and 27 (21–33) in those with BE≥300 cells/µL and FeNO≥20 ppb (p for trend<0.0001). Corresponding FEV1declines were 24 (19–29), 33 (25–40) and 44 (31–56) in AR (0.002), 26 (14–37), 36 (12–60) and 56 (24–89) in APO (0.07), 32 (27–36), 31 (24–38) and 44 (24–65) in COPD (0.46), and 27 (21–33), 35 (26–45), and 37 (25–49) in NAL (0.10), respectively.

Conclusions

Type-2 inflammation indicated by elevated BE and FeNO is associated with accelerated FEV1decline in individuals with chronic airway disease in the general population, and this association was most pronounced in an asthma-like phenotype.
Therapeutic plasma exchange is feasible and tolerable in severely injured patients with trauma-induced coagulopathy
Authors: Moore Sarah A , Rollins-Raval Marian A , Gillette Jennifer M , Kiss Joseph E , Triulzi Darrell J , Yazer Mark H , Paul Jasmeet S , Leeper Christine M , Neal Matthew D , Raval Jay S
Published: January 2024

Objectives

Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) occurs in a subset of severely injured trauma patients. Despite having achieved surgical hemostasis, these individuals can have persistent bleeding, clotting, or both in conjunction with deranged coagulation parameters and typically require transfusion support with plasma, platelets, and/or cryoprecipitate. Due to the multifactorial nature of TIC, targeted interventions usually do not have significant clinical benefits. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a non-specific modality of removing and replacing a patient’s plasma in a euvolemic manner that can temporarily normalize coagulation parameters and remove deleterious substances, and may be beneficial in such patients with TIC.

Methods

In a prospective case series, TPE was performed in severely injured trauma patients diagnosed with TIC and transfusion requirement. These individuals all underwent a series of at least 3 TPE procedures performed once daily with plasma as the exclusive replacement fluid. Demographic, injury, laboratory, TPE, and outcome data were collected and analyzed.

Results

In total, 7 patients received 23 TPE procedures. All patients had marked improvements in routine coagulation parameters, platelet counts, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) activities, inflammatory markers including interleukin-6 concentrations, and organ system injuries after completion of their TPE treatments. All-cause mortality rates at 1 day, 7 days, and 30 days were 0%, 0%, and 43%, respectively, and all patients for whom TPE was initiated within 24 hours after injury survived to the 30-day timepoint. Surgical, critical care, and apheresis nursing personnel who were surveyed were universally positive about the utilization of TPE in this patient population. These procedures were tolerated well with the most common adverse event being laboratory-diagnosed hypocalcemia.

Conclusion

TPE is feasible and tolerable in severely injured trauma patients with TIC. However, many questions remain regarding the application of TPE for these critically ill patients including identification of the optimal injured population, ideal time of treatment initiation, appropriate treatment intensity, and concurrent use of adjunctive treatments.

Level of evidence

Level V.
Effect of freeze–thaw cycles on the macrostructure and failure mechanisms of fiber-reinforced clay using industrial computed tomography
Authors: Roustaei Mahya , Pumple Joel , Hendry Michael T. , Harvey Jordan , Froese Duane
Published: January 2024

Freeze–thaw cycling is a critical issue in cold-climate engineering because these cycles impact the mechanical properties of soils due to the translocation of water and ice at temperatures near 0 °C. Reinforcement methods have been developed to decrease these adverse effects, including the use of polypropylene (PP) fibers. However, few macrostructural investigations have been able to demonstrate the underlying physical basis for their effectiveness. This study used computed tomography (CT) images of clay samples reinforced with 2% PP fibers and subjected to unconfined compression and Brazilian tests before and after up to 10 closed-system freeze–thaw cycles (FTCs). Significant effects of the FTCs on soil structure include a reduction in macropores and an increase in mesopores. The addition of PP fibers reduces this change in the number of macropores from 28% to 18% following 10 FTCs. Unreinforced samples also show more localized propagation of shear/tensile cracks during tests than reinforced samples as a result of having a higher failure strength and ductility. The bridging effect of fibers, deviation of the failure path, and formation of microcracks around fibers are clearly illustrated in the CT images. This study provides significant insights relevant to engineering design in cold regions.
Vertical seismic response of end-bearing piles in nearly saturated soil
Authors: Zheng Changjie , Yang Jingquan , Kouretzis George , Ding Xuanming
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a study on the effect of the degree of saturation of the foundation soil on the vertical seismic response of end-bearing piles subjected to P-waves. The research focuses on nearly saturated soil, where the air phase is not continuous and air bubbles are dissolved in the pore water, and thus can be treated as two-phase material. The response of the two-phase soil–pile system is quantified by means of a rigorous coupled hydromechanical model, which is based on Biot’s theory for poroelastic media and treats the air bubbles–pore water mixture as a homogeneous fluid obeying Boyle’s law. Numerical results are used to illustrate the influence of the degree of saturation of the soil layer on the seismic strong motion transferred to the pile head, i.e., the capacity of piles to filter seismic wave energy. This work bridges the gap between single-phase and two-phase saturated soil models, which predict profoundly different pile head displacements at incident wave frequencies of practical interest, and elucidates the mechanisms that lead to these differences.
Should I shrink or should I grow: cell size changes in tissue morphogenesis
Authors: Scepanovic Gordana , Fernandez-Gonzalez Rodrigo
Published: January 2024

Cells change shape, move, divide, and die to sculpt tissues. Common to all these cell behaviours are cell size changes, which have recently emerged as key contributors to tissue morphogenesis. Cells can change their mass—the number of macromolecules they contain—or their volume—the space they encompass. Changes in cell mass and volume occur through different molecular mechanisms and at different timescales, slow for changes in mass and rapid for changes in volume. Therefore, changes in cell mass and cell volume, which are often linked, contribute to the development and shaping of tissues in different ways. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms by which cells can control and alter their size, and we discuss how changes in cell mass and volume contribute to tissue morphogenesis. The role that cell size control plays in developing embryos is only starting to be elucidated. Research on the signals that control cell size will illuminate our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive tissue morphogenesis.
Novel approach to measure quark/gluon jets at the LHC
Authors: Baroň Petr , Seymour Michael H. , Siódmok Andrzej
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we present a new proposal on how to measure quark/gluon jet properties at the LHC. The measurement strategy takes advantage of the fact that the LHC has collected data at different energies. Measurements at two or more energies can be combined to yield distributions of any jet property separated into quark and gluon jet samples on a statistical basis, without the need for an independent event-by-event tag. We illustrate our method with a variety of different angularity observables, and discuss how to narrow down the search for the most useful observables.
String loop vibration around Schwarzschild black hole
Authors: Churilova Mariia , Kološ Martin , Stuchlík Zdeněk
Published: January 2024

String loop vibrations in a central plane of a Schwarzschild black hole are investigated for various string equations of state. We discuss string loop stability and derive frequencies of vibrational modes. Using the vibrating string loop model we fit the quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) observed in X-ray signal coming from some compact sources. We demonstrate how the string-loop parameters are related to the radial and vertical fundamental vibration modes, and how the vibrational instability can be related to the Q-factor characterizing the observed QPOs.
Personalizing Content Moderation on Social Media: User Perspectives on Moderation Choices, Interface Design, and Labor
Authors: Jhaver Shagun , Zhang Alice Qian , Chen Quan Ze , Natarajan Nikhila , Wang Ruotong , Zhang Amy X.
Published: January 2024

Social media platforms moderate content for each user by incorporating the outputs of both platform-wide content moderation systems and, in some cases, user-configured personal moderation preferences. However, it is unclear (1) how end users perceive the choices and affordances of different kinds of personal content moderation tools, and (2) how the introduction of personalization impacts user perceptions of platforms' content moderation responsibilities. This paper investigates end users' perspectives on personal content moderation tools by conducting an interview study with a diverse sample of 24 active social media users. We probe interviewees' preferences using simulated personal moderation interfaces, including word filters, sliders for toxicity levels, and boolean toxicity toggles. We also examine the labor involved for users in choosing moderation settings and present users' attitudes about the roles and responsibilities of social media platforms and other stakeholders toward moderation. We discuss how our findings can inform design solutions to improve transparency and controllability in personal content moderation tools.
Exploring Collaborative Culture Sharing Dynamics in Immigrant Families through Digital Crafting and Storytelling
Authors: Liaqat Amna , Demmans Epp Carrie , Cai Minghao , Munteanu Cosmin
Published: January 2024

Families strengthen bonds by collectively constructing social identity through sharing stories, language, and culture. For immigrant families, language and culture barriers disrupt the mechanisms for maintaining intergenerational connection. Immigrant grandparents and grandchildren are particularly at risk of disconnect. In this paper, we investigate existing design guidelines using a tool (StoryTapestry) to explore the storytelling and crafting process of South-Asian immigrant grandparents and grandchildren. In this exploration, pairs used culturally-relevant images to create digital visual artifacts that tell their stories. Grandparent-grandchild pairs from 10 South-Asian immigrant families participated in this exploration of how the digital process fosters positive social connection, culture sharing, and co-construction. A thematic analysis revealed how collaborative digital crafting encourages the crossing of language and culture barriers, knowledge sharing, and creativity. We contribute an understanding of interaction dynamics and socio-technical implications of intergenerational and cross-cultural collaboration by demonstrating (1) that collaborative digital crafting can reverse traditional educator and learner roles to create culture sharing opportunities, (2) that grandparents play a central role in maintaining social interaction, (3) that structure can guide grandparent-grandchild pairs to a shared goal, and (4) that flexibility encourages engagement from children. We synthesize ideas from migration and collaboration research, and we discuss how the culture, language, and generational dynamics in our study extend what is known about each of these spaces. Together, our design implications offer insight into building digital tools that promote engagement, knowledge sharing, and collaboration between immigrant grandparents and grandchildren navigating social disconnect post-migration.
Transition Metal Dissolution from Single Crystal Li[Ni1−x−yMnxCoy]O2 and Li[Ni1−xMnx]O2 Positive Electrodes Subjected to Aggresive Conditions
Authors: Tang Ben , Zhang Ning , Alter Ethan , Eldesoky Ahmed , Dahn J. R.
Published: January 2024

Transition metal dissolution from the positive electrode of Li-ion cells with subsequent deposition on the graphite negative electrode can contribute to the failure of Li-ion cells. The transition metal dissolution from various single crystal Li[Ni1−x−yMnxCoy]O2 and Li[Ni1−xMnx]O2 grades and subsequent depostion on the graphite negative electrode is quantified using scanning micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Graphite negative electrodes were extracted from Li[Ni1−x−yMnxCoy]O2/graphite (NMC/graphite) and Li[Ni1−xMnx]O2/graphite (NM/graphite) pouch cells after aggressive charge-discharge or storage protocols at 70 °C. In all cases, less than 1 μg cm−2 of transition metals were found on the graphite electrode. Most importantly, the amount of transition metals on the negative electrode was the least for Li[Ni0.6Mn0.4]O2 (NM64), a medium nickel, cobalt-free material, compared to other NMC grades like NMC532, NMC622 and NMC811. Since Li-ion cells with NMC532, NMC622 and NMC811 have demonstrated excellent cycle and calendar life, one can expect that the lifetime of single crystal NM64 cells will not to be affected significantly by transition metal deposition.
The effects of acute and chronic noise trauma on stimulus-evoked activity across primary auditory cortex layers
Authors: Parameshwarappa Vinay , Norena Arnaud J.
Published: January 2024

Our study shows that cortical activity is enhanced after trauma and that the sequence of cortical column activation during stimulus-evoked response is altered, i.e. the supragranular layer becomes a major input recipient. We speculate that these large cortical changes may play a key role in the auditory hypersensitivity (hyperacusis) that can be triggered after noise trauma in human subjects.
A High-Gain Wideband Fabry-Pérot Antenna Employing a Water-Based Frequency Selective Surface for Polarization- and RCS-Reconfigurability
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Zhiming , Zhou Huilin , Bornemann Jens , Wang Yuhao , Kong Xiangkun
Published: January 2024

A Fabry-Pérot (FP) antenna with wideband dual-polarization and radar cross section- (RCS-) reconfigurability adopting water-based frequency selective surface (FSS) is presented. The feed antenna is designed to switch between horizontal polarization (HP) and vertical polarization (VP) by controlling the on/off states of two PIN diodes. By optimizing the height of the FP resonant cavity, the proposed FP antenna achieves wideband and high-gain properties. In addition, the incident wave can be absorbed when the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) container is filled with water, which reduces the monostatic RCS. This design can be selected to be in stealth mode or radiation mode by injecting water into or extracting water from the water container. The measured results indicate that in stealth mode, the 10-dB RCS reduction band is from 4.5 GHz to 6.4 GHz, and the peak RCS reduction is 31.5 dB at 5.2 GHz. In the radiation mode, the realized gains of the FP antenna in both HP and VP at 5.2 GHz reach 16.6 dBi. Simulated and measured results verify the realizability and operational concept of the designed FP antenna.
Identifying Risk Factors for Stephanofilaria‐Caused Ulcerative Dermal Lesions, in Black and White Rhinoceros’ Meta‐Population in Kenya
Authors: King’ori Edward , Waiguchu Grace , Ruoro Mukami , Muriithi Kenneth , Mumbi Cecilia , Omondi Martin , Aminga Duncan , Angwenyi Shaleen , Mijele Domnic , Chiyo Patrick I.
Published: January 2024

Ulcerative skin lesions caused by Stephanofilaria dinniki are common in populations of the critically endangered eastern black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli). Although considered benign, they have been associated with loss of body condition and mortality in rhinoceros. Stephanofilarial lesions in rhinoceros may also lead to delayed puberty, reduced milk yields, and prolonged intercalving periods as observed with a similar disease in cattle. In this study the prevalence and predilection sites of stephanofilarial wounds were examined and the influence of age, sex, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), rainfall, temperature, rhinoceros’ species, and population density on the prevalence of stephanofilarial skin lesions was evaluated in 10 rhinoceros’ populations in Kenya. The results revealed that the prevalence of stephanofilarial skin lesions was 0% in the lowland sanctuaries such as Ngulia Rhino Sanctuary, Tsavo West Intensive Protection Zone, and Tsavo East National Park to ≥90% in the highland rhinoceros’ sanctuaries including Solio Wildlife Sanctuary, Ol Pejeta Wildlife Conservancy, Lewa‐Borana Wildlife Conservancies, and Nairobi National Park. Generalized linear models revealed that monthly minimum temperature and NDVI negatively influenced the probability of stephanofilarial skin lesions. However, spatial heterogeneity in NDVI, and rhino density were positively related to the probability of rhinoceros’ infection with Stephanofilaria. Black rhinoceros had a higher average prevalence of stephanofilarial wounds (50.9%, n = 228) than white rhinoceros’ (3.6%, n = 110). Temperature and heterogeneity in NDVI can directly influence the presence of the filaria vector Rhinomusca dutoiti as corroborated by the previous studies on their distribution. Moreover, the inverse relationship between NDVI and the prevalence of stephanofilarial skin lesions suggests that nutrition negatively impacts rhinoceros’ immunity. Comprehensive studies on the vectors of Stephanofilaria and their bionomics may illuminate the epidemiological patterns of stephanofilariosis in rhinoceros.
Metastatic Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinoma Clinically Presenting as Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Authors: Xian Lingling , Hunter Rachel , Smith Emily , Mohammed Rasha , Madelaire Carlina , Herrera Guillermo A. , Shackelford Rodney E.
Published: January 2024

Metastatic disease to the breast is a rare event, accounting for 0.5-2% of all breast cancers. Outside of metastases from the contralateral breast, malignant ovarian epithelial tumors are the most common origin of these metastases. Here, we present a very rare case of a high-grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma presenting clinically as inflammatory breast cancer in a 70-year-old woman.
Data from Cyclooxygenase-Deficient Pancreatic Cancer Cells Use Exogenous Sources of Prostaglandins
Authors: Omura Noriyuki , Griffith Margaret , Vincent Audrey , Li Ang , Hong Seung-Mo , Walter Kimberly , Borges Michael , Goggins Michael
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Genes that are differentially expressed in pancreatic cancers and under epigenetic regulation are of considerable biological and therapeutic interest. We used global gene expression profiling and epigenetic treatment of pancreatic cell lines including pancreatic cancer cell lines, pancreatic cancer–associated fibroblasts, and cell lines derived from nonneoplastic pancreata. We examined expression and epigenetic alterations of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 in pancreatic cancers and normal pancreas and performed proliferation, knockdown, and coculture experiments to understand the role of stromal sources of prostaglandins for pancreatic cancers. We identify COX-1 as a gene under epigenetic regulation in pancreatic cancers. We find that COX-1 expression is absent in many pancreatic cancer cells and some of these cancers also lack COX-2 expression. Suspecting that such cancers must rely on exogenous sources of prostaglandins, we show that pancreatic cancer stromal cells, such as fibroblasts expressing COX-1 and COX-2, are a likely source of prostaglandins for pancreatic cancer cells deficient in COX. Knocking down the prostaglandin transporter multidrug resistance–associated protein-4 in fibroblasts suppresses the proliferation of cocultured pancreatic cancer cells lacking COX. Pancreatic cancers that lack COX can use exogenous sources of prostaglandins. Blocking multidrug resistance–associated protein-4 may be a useful therapeutic strategy to deplete COX-deficient pancreatic cancers of prostaglandins. Mol Cancer Res; 8(6); 821–32. ©2010 AACR.
Data from Fibulin-3 Is Uniquely Upregulated in Malignant Gliomas and Promotes Tumor Cell Motility and Invasion
Authors: Hu Bin , Thirtamara-Rajamani Keerthi K. , Sim Hosung , Viapiano Mariano S.
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Malignant gliomas are highly invasive tumors with an almost invariably rapid and lethal outcome. Surgery and chemoradiotherapy fail to remove resistant tumor cells that disperse within normal tissue, which are a major cause for disease progression and therapy failure. Infiltration of the neural parenchyma is a distinctive property of malignant gliomas compared with other solid tumors. Thus, glioma cells are thought to produce unique molecular changes that remodel the neural extracellular matrix and form a microenvironment permissive for their motility. Here, we describe the unique expression and proinvasive role of fibulin-3, a mesenchymal matrix protein specifically upregulated in gliomas. Fibulin-3 is downregulated in peripheral tumors and is thought to inhibit tumor growth. However, we found fibulin-3 highly upregulated in gliomas and cultured glioma cells, although the protein was undetectable in normal brain or cultured astrocytes. Overexpression and knockdown experiments revealed that fibulin-3 did not seem to affect glioma cell morphology or proliferation, but enhanced substrate-specific cell adhesion and promoted cell motility and dispersion in organotypic cultures. Moreover, orthotopic implantation of fibulin-3–overexpressing glioma cells resulted in diffuse tumors with increased volume and rostrocaudal extension compared with controls. Tumors and cultured cells overexpressing fibulin-3 also showed elevated expression and activity of matrix metalloproteases, such as MMP-2/MMP-9 and ADAMTS-5. Taken together, our results suggest that fibulin-3 has a unique expression and protumoral role in gliomas, and could be a potential target against tumor progression. Strategies against this glioma-specific matrix component could disrupt invasive mechanisms and restrict the dissemination of these tumors. (Mol Cancer Res 2009;7(11):1756–70)
TABLE 1 from Analysis of Changes in Plasma Cytokine Levels in Response to IL12 Therapy in Three Clinical Trials
Authors: Schwarz Emily , Benner Brooke , Yu Lianbo , Tounkara Fode , Carson William E.
Published: January 2024

Treatment schemas for OSU-0167, OSU-9968, and OSU-11010
Association of Serum Activin Levels with Allograft Outcomes in Patients with Kidney Transplant: Results from the KNOW-KT
Authors: Jung Hui-Yun , Ryu Jung-Hwa , Kim Myung-Gyu , Huh Kyu Ha , Lee Kyo Won , Jung Hee-Yeon , Kang Kyung Pyo , Ro Han , Han Seungyeup , Yang Jaeseok
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Serum activin A has been reported to contribute to vascular calcification and kidney fibrosis in chronic kidney disease. We aimed to investigate whether higher serum activin levels were associated with poor allograft outcomes in patients with kidney transplantation (KT). Methods: A total of 860 KT patients from KNOW-KT (Korean Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with Kidney Transplantation) were analyzed. We measured serum activin levels pre-KT and 1 year after KT. The primary outcome was the composite of a ≥50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate and graft failure. Multivariable cause-specific hazard model was used to analyze association of 1-year activin levels with the primary outcome. The secondary outcome was coronary artery calcification score (CACS) at 5 years after KT. Results: During the median follow-up of 6.7 years, the primary outcome occurred in 109 (12.7%) patients. The serum activin levels at 1 year were significantly lower than those at pre-KT (488.2 ± 247.3 vs. 704.0 ± 349.6). When patients were grouped based on the median activin level at 1 year, the high-activin group had a 1.91-fold higher risk (95% CI, 1.25–2.91) for the primary outcome compared to the low-activin group. A one-standard deviation increase in activin levels as a continuous variable was associated with a 1.36-fold higher risk (95% CI, 1.16–1.60) for the primary outcome. Moreover, high activin levels were significantly associated with 1.56-fold higher CACS (95% CI, 1.12–2.18). Conclusion: Post-transplant activin levels were independently associated with allograft functions as well as coronary artery calcification in KT patients.
Mito e recriação literária: uma leitura do romance Inês de Castro (2006), de María Pilar Queralt del Hierro
Authors: Ferreira Simone dos Santos Alves
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo analisa o romance Inês de Castro, da autora María Pilar Queralt del Hierro, com o intuito de observar como o mito acerca da história de Inês de Castro é elaborado nessa produção literária. Para ancorar teoricamente nossa análise, valemo-nos das discussões de Mircea Eliade, sobre o mito em uma perspectiva mais abrangente, e de Victor Jabouille, por tratar especificamente do mito no contexto português. O romance nos traz uma narrativa que revive o mito de amor entre Inês e Pedro I, trazendo outros olhares acerca dos episódios que mitificaram os amantes.
As Quybyrycas como possibilidade de descolonização por dentro
Authors: Klipel Renata de Oliveira
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo busca discutir como a política do Estado Novo, regime ditatorial instituído em Portugal de 1933 a 1974, se apropriou de certos elementos culturais, como a figura de Luís de Camões e sua obra Os Lusíadas, para reforçar e constituir valores que serviriam como modelo para uma sociedade portuguesa ideal. Em contraponto a essa tomada da figura de Camões como validação para a implementação de colônias no continente africano (uma vez que a sua obra remete a um período glorioso da história de Portugal), António Quadros decide fazer uma obra que seria a continuação perdida de Os Lusíadas, com o intuito de desassociar o poeta dos valores imperialistas aos quais o Estado Novo lhe havia condicionado. Propomos, então, neste texto fazer uma análise da obra As Quybyrycas, percebendo de que forma ela proporciona um movimento de descolonização partindo do interior da cultura portuguesa.
Queda do Paraíso e o arquétipo temporal do tédio
Authors: Silva Larissa Fonseca e
Published: January 2024

O mito da Queda do Paraíso, enquanto tradição, e o tédio que surge na modernidade fazem, ambos, parte do que podemos chamar de uma identidade ocidental. Em Campo de sangue, livro publicado por Dulce Maria Cardoso em 2002, tédio e queda aparecem atrelados um ao outro e permitem que pensemos um arquétipo temporal contemporâneo nos moldes daqueles que foram propostos por Octavio Paz. Partindo da relação proposta nesse romance português cosmopolita, o objetivo deste ensaio é discutir o sujeito protagonista enquanto representante do estar-no-mundo do homem ocidental.
Repetir, retornar, recalcular: a poética mitológica de Sophia de Mello
Authors: Jucá Marcelo
Published: January 2024

O artigo propõe pensar a poética mitológica de Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen a partir do conceito psicanalítico da repetição. Os mitos gregos destacam-se como pilares na produção da poeta, atravessando toda sua obra, desdobrando-se mais do que como inspirações iniciais. Do mesmo modo, a repetição é tema fundamental para o saber psicanalítico da clínica da cultura, assim como os seus desdobramentos. Objetiva-se, portanto, relacioná-los e investigar de que forma a mitologia retorna pela lírica da poeta, interpretando seus possíveis diálogos com a contemporaneidade.
Lei do linchamento na América (1900), Ida B. Wells
Authors: Capobianco Eder Dias
Published: January 2024

Tradução de "Lei do linchamento na América" (1900), de Ida B. Wells.
A dialética da ostentação e do recalque: Zé ou Rei
Authors: Pavez Thais Regina
Published: January 2024

El artículo discute las transformaciones y consecuencias de la generalización de la lógica de la mercancía y el dinero en los márgenes sociales en las expectativas, los deseos y el imaginario de los jóvenes de la periferia. Siguiendo el presupuesto del paralelismo entre el narcisismo y el fetichismo de la mercancía, mostramos que la ostentación es una disposición que orienta el comportamiento social de los jóvenes hacia la dialéctica de la omnipotencia y la impotencia. El relevo constante entre la ostentación y el resentimiento fue impulsado por la perspectiva desesperadora de ser socialmente descartado y por la angustia permanente que resultaba de las experiencias que permeaban todos los ámbitos y la circulación entre lo ilícito, lo legal y lo ilegal. Así, los jóvenes vivían permanentemente entre una alternativa auto sacrificial; apostando por la “vida loka”, y una vida de impotencia ante los deseos de consumo sin límites y los horizontes de vida reducidos como trabajador.
My Tenure as the Editor-in-Chief of Computational Linguistics
Authors: Ng Hwee Tou
Published: January 2024

Times flies and it has been close to five and a half years since I became the editor-in-chief of Computational Linguistics on 15 July 2018. In this editorial, I will describe the changes that I have introduced at the journal, and highlight the achievements and challenges of the journal.
Gray matter correlates of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in boys versus girls with sensory processing dysfunction
Authors: Gennatas Efstathios D. , Wren-Jarvis Jamie , Powers Rachel , Lazerwitz Maia C. , Bourla Ioanna , Cai Lanya T. , Choi Hannah L. , Chu Robyn , Trimarchi Kaitlyn J. , Garcia Rafael D. , Marco Elysa J. , Mukherjee Pratik
Published: January 2024

Neuroimaging shows volumetric alterations of gray matter in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, results are conflicting. This may be due to heterogeneous phenotypic sampling and limited sensitivity of volumetric analysis. Creating more homogenous cohorts and investigating gray matter microstructure may yield meaningful biomarkers for scientific and clinical applications. Children with sensory processing dysfunction (SPD) have differences in white matter microstructure, but not gray matter volumetric differences. Approximately 40% of SPD children meet research criteria for ADHD. We apply deep learning segmentation of MRI to measure gray matter volume (GMV) and density (GMD) in SPD children with (SPD+ADHD) and without co-morbid ADHD (SPD-ADHD). We hypothesize GMV and GMD are linked to ADHD but with sex-specific regional patterns. We find boys with SPD+ADHD have widespread reduction of GMD in neocortex, limbic cortex, and cerebellum versus boys with SPD-ADHD. The greatest differences are in sensory cortex with less involvement of prefrontal regions associated with attention networks and impulse control. In contrast, changes of ADHD in girls with SPD are in brainstem nuclei responsible for dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic neurotransmission. Hence, neural correlates of ADHD in SPD are sexually dimorphic. In boys, ADHD may result from downstream effects of abnormal sensory cortical development.
Power Relations and Breakaway in Pentecostal/Charismatic Denominations in Africa
Authors: Ijaola Samson Oluwatope
Published: January 2024

Pentecostal denominations are undoubtedly spreading in Africa. While the proliferation of Pentecostal churches appears to be the resultant effect of church planting strategies and the works of the Holy Spirit, it is rather struggles from the power relations that serve as the underlying force behind the spread of these denominations. This is connected to the fact that Pentecostal churches govern themselves and hold real disciplinary powers that result in the subjectification of their adherents as docile bodies. This study therefore aims to analyze the roles as well as effects of the combination of the Spirit’s power and pastoral power that underlie the power relations, and result in the prevalence of breakaway among Pentecostal believers. Employing a literary criticism approach and using secondary data, the findings show that without careful understanding of power relations and openness of Pentecostal pastors to reason in their exercise of technologies of powers, the rising incidence of breakaway among Pentecostal denominations in Africa will undoubtedly continue.
The effect of four-weeks of CrossFit workouts on cardiovascular indicators and physical readiness in military forces
Authors: Karami E. , Arabzadeh E. , Shirvani H.
Published: January 2024

It seems that CrossFit workouts due to its effect on strength, endurance, and cardiovascular conditioning is suitableto be used in military training. A military exercise or war game is the employment of military resources in training for military operations, either exploring the effects of warfare or testing strategies without actual combat. This study aimed to investigate the effect of simulated CrossFit exercise of the military operation on cardiovascular indicators and the physical readiness of military forces. This research is in the manner of experimental studies through a pre- and posttest design. Twenty-four male military forces (age: 21.07 ± 1.6; weight: 74.6 ± 12.1 kg; height: 175.1 ± 6.28; and body mass index (BMI): 23 ± 3.3 kg/m2) were randomly divided into two groups of CrossFit and control. The CrossFit group had three training sessions per week for four weeks. The exercise of the CrossFit group included metabolic conditioning, weight-lifting, and gymnastics, while the control group also did their usual physical activity. The results show that in the CrossFit group the means of BMI, fat mass, heart rate, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure have significantly decreased () compare to pre-test, while, the amount of VO2max, maximal power to weight, average power to weight, and the army physical fitness test (APFT) score improved significantly in CrossFit group compared to the pre-test (). Compared to the control group at post-test, crossFit significantly increase fat present, BMI, VO2max, maximal power/body weight, and power/body weight () and significantly decreased systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate (). Our results suggested that performing four weeks of the simulated CrossFit exercises of the military operation causes improving the cardiovascular indexes, and physical readiness of military personnel.
Shedding Light on the Inadequate Protection of Internet Users’ Right to Privacy under Kuwaiti Law
Authors: Almutairi Noura Hezam
Published: January 2024

Digital technology such as AI has enabled private companies to collect and analyse people’s personal information, which may infer hidden private data about the individual, such as medical data or psychological state. The inferred private information can be sold to third parties or used to target advertisements without the individual’s knowledge and explicit consent. Private companies, therefore, pose a risk to internet users’ right to privacy in the digital world. As such, the legal system should have a comprehensive Data Privacy law that provides internet users with adequate legal protection for preserving their right to privacy against private companies. Still, Kuwait lacks comprehensive Data Privacy. The only two data privacy mechanisms are embodied in chapter 7 under the Electronic Transaction Act (ETA) No. 20 of 2014 and the Regulation of User Protection and Privacy issued by the Communication and Information Technology Regulatory Authority (CITRA). This paper finds that the fragmented Kuwaiti laws concerning the individual’s right to privacy inadequately protect internet users’ right to privacy against the risk posed by private companies, and therefore, legislative interventions are needed. This paper concludes with proposing essential recommendations for the Kuwaiti Legislative Authority to issue a comprehensive data privacy law, using European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation as a guidance framework (GDPR), to strengthen internet users’ right to privacy (as control over their personal information) against the risk private companies pose.
On taxonomy and on Dolichandra (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)
Authors: FONSECA LUIZ HENRIQUE M.
Published: January 2024

N/A
A new addition to Kirschsteiniotheliaceae: Kirschsteiniothelia chiangmaiensis sp. nov. from Northern Thailand
Authors: LOUANGPHAN JOHNNY , H. PERERA REKHANI , GOMES DE FARIAS ANTONIO R.
Published: January 2024

Fungal diversity is rapidly expanding, with new species being discovered worldwide. Northern Thailand is considered a hotspot for fungal diversity. In this study, we collected a saprobic microfungus from decaying wood in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Morphological examination and phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, and SSU sequences using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference placed a new isolate within Kirschsteiniothelia. Kirschsteiniothelia chiangmaiensis sp. nov. is characterised by 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate asci with a small ocular chamber and 1-septate ascospores that are ellipsoid to fusiform, with distinct guttules and a smooth wall surrounded by a mucilaginous sheath. Kirschsteiniothelia chiangmaiensis differs from the type by the smaller ascomata, wider asci, and presence of pluri-guttulate, and diverges from K. thujina by smaller ascomata, ascospore, and the presence of mucilaginous sheath. Based on morphology and phylogeny evidence, we introduce K. chiangmaiensis as a new species.
Gastorchilus pseudodresslerii (Orchidaceae; Vandeae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and DNA analysis
Authors: ZHOU CHENG-YUAN , ZENG MENG-YAO , WU YU-WEI , LI MING-HE
Published: January 2024

Gastrochilus pseudodresslerii (Aeridinae), a new species from Maguan County, Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated. Morphological comparisons indicated that this new species is similar to G. dresslerii, but differs by its longer and broadly lanceolate to oblong leaves, larger and elliptic dorsal sepal, longer and elliptic petals, subcupular hypochile, and narrowed toward apex of column. Phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and four plastid sequences (atpI, matK, psbA and trnL-F) indicated that G. pseudodresslerii is also closely related to G. formosanus and G. raraensis, but can be easily distinguished from these two species based on its leaves, epichile and hypochile.
Liparis bomiensis (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Malaxideae), a new species from Xizang, China
Authors: YE CHAO , MA CHONGBO , JIN XIAOHUA
Published: January 2024

Liparis bomiensis, a new species of Orchidaceae from Bomi County, Linzhi, Xizang, China, is described and illustrated on morphological characters and molecular systematics. It is morphologically similar to L. rostrata with 2 thick projections at base of column, but differs from it by having purple and rhombic lip about 15 mm long, sepals and petals more than 15 mm long. Molecular phylogenetic results based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid matK sequences showed that L. bomiensis is sister to L. glossula, but differs from it by having 2 thick nipple-like projections at base of column, two leaves, bracts triangular, column strongly curved. A detailed morphological description and photographic plates are provided for this new species.
Study of Backpressure on the Composition and Characteristics of the AA5083 Alloy During ECAPed
Authors: Singh Nagendra , Agrawal Manoj Kumar
Published: January 2024

Equal Channel Angular Processing Process at room temperature along varying backpressure level and numbers of passes produced hefty billets of 25 mm×25 mm×100 mm industrial alloy AA5083 with an ultrafinegrained microstructure. Supersaturated solid iron in an aluminium matrix
was treated in brittle cast AA5083 during Equal Channel Angular Processing with Sixteen passes and a 285 MPa backpressure. The Equal Channel Angular Processing alloy’s strength, ductility, and microhardness were all greatly improved. Increased backpressure improves ductility of Equal
Channel Angular Processing alloys, the workability and delays the craking of intermetallic particles. Alloys treated by Equal Channel Angular Processing have improved workability due to backpressure. The AA5083 alloy’s strength and microhardness were greatly improved. When an initially
coarse-grained alloy undergoes 3 passes of Equal Channel Angular Processing with a 220 MPa backpressure, its microhardness and room strength (185 HV, UTS = 327 MPa) are significantly higher than their typical values following conventional processing with cold rolling or hot pressing. In Equal
Channel Angular Processing, a super saturated solution was generated with a peak soluble of 0.6 wt.% of iron allow the ageing of the usually non-hardenable metal. The cast alloy treated using the Multi-pass approach has positively impacted toughness, elasticity, and microhardness.
Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Surface Roughness in Drilling of AISI 1055 Steel Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Shete Hanmant , Patil Amit
Published: January 2024

It is still indispensable to explore the effects of peck depth and its interaction with speed, and feed in widely preferred flood coolant drilling process with aspect ratio more than 5 by using the much accurate response surface method. A three-parameter, five-level design matrix is
developed using central composite inscribed design of response surface method. Experiments are performed on vertical machining center in flood coolant environment using the canned cycles and experimental results are analyzed in detail using ANOVA, contour plots, interaction plots, main effect
plots, and micrographs. Influence of spindle speed, feed rate is observed to be of similar nature on surface roughness, while the effect of peck depth differs at both the ends of hole. Minimum surface roughness at bottom of hole is occurred at comparatively lower spindle speed (3800 rpm) and
peck depth (7.0 mm). Even though peck depth has shown least influence on surface roughness, proper peck depth has contributed in improving the surface finish.
Particle Swarm Optimization of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Parameters for NiTi Shape Memory Alloy
Authors: Pawar S. P. , Ardhapurkar P. M.
Published: January 2024

Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) find several applications in many fields such as Aerospace, Medical, Robotics and Automobile sectors because of its unique properties like super elasticity and shape memory effect. However, due to difficulty in machining of these SMAs, non-conventional methods
such as Electric Discharge Machining (EDM), Wire EDM, Electro Chemical Machining (ECM), etc. are used instead of conventional methods. The specific applications of SMAs demand accurate dimensions and tolerances along with lower production cost. The input process parameters affect the accuracy
and quality of machining of SMAs. The available optimization techniques such as Response Surface Method (RSM), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Taguchi method, etc. can be used for finding the optimum value of input parameters. In the present work, PSO method is used to optimize the input
parameters for machining of Nitinol–SMA using WEDM. The significant input parameters-Pulse on Time, Pulse off Time and Discharge current are considered in the present optimization study. The PSO results of input parameters are compared with that obtained by using response surface method.
It is found that PSO method offers more accurate optimization of machining parameters as compared to RSM.
Control of Cu Film Stress Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering Using Graphene Flake Layers
Authors: Lee Sang Jin , Kim Tae Hyung , Kang Ji Eun , Bae Jeong Oun , Kim Hye Min , Kim Dong Woo , Yeom Geun Young , Kim Kyong Nam
Published: January 2024

Residual stress of a 10 μm thick copper (Cu) film deposited using direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering system was analyzed. Graphene flake, having high toughness and strength properties, was inserted in Cu film for decreasing residual stress. Compared with the Graphene
sheet transfer method, a Cu film sample with Graphene flake inserted using a simple brush deposition method could be fabricated. By using a graphene flake layer, the Cu residual stress was decreased from 25.4 MPa to 14.6 MPa. As decreasing the Graphene flake area ratios from 100% to 40%, the
residual stress was reduced to 2.8 MPa. A 50×50 mm size heat sink was fabricated to confirm the thermal diffusion of Graphene flake, and the LED device was mounted on it. As a result, graphene flake was obtained the result that improved thermal diffusion of the heat sink.