bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEKTIFITAS PELAKSANAAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 41 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG WAKAF DI KABUPATEN SINJAI.
Authors: Hamzah Arhan  , Alauddin Andi , Sapriadi Sapriadi
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis efektivitas serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan Undang-undang Nomor 41 tahun 2004 tentang wakaf di Kabupaten Sinjai. Metode yang digunakan peneliti disini adalah pendekatan empiris dimana menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh secara langsung dari responden, kemudian data sekunder yang diperoleh dari literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Semangat ummat islam di Kabupaten Sinjai untuk mewakafkan sebagian tanah yang dimiliki sudah cukup menggembirakan. Hal ini disebabkan kondisi masyarakat yang mayoritas memeluk agama Islam. Adapun Faktor-Faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas Undang-undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang wakaf dipeganruhi oleh 4 faktor, Yang Pertama : faktor substansi hukum yaitu masih adanya perbedaan pendapat di kalangan umat Islam tentang pengelolaan wakaf. Kedua : Faktor aparat pemerintah (struktur hukum) kurang memberikan pengawasan secara formal dan informal terhadap pelaksanaan wakaf. Ketiga : kurangnya sosialisasi kepada masyarakat, sehingga masyarakat yang tidak mengetahui keberadaan undang-undang tentang wakaf.  Keempat : Budaya Hukum dimana masyarakat yang masih menganggap bahwa masalah perwakafan belum penting. Sebagai rekomendasi penelitian, perlu adanya pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan wakaf dan bagi wakif di dalam memilih Nazhir agar supaya dilakukan secara selektif, dengan mengutamakan pada pengangkatan seorang Nazhir yang memiliki kemampuan pengetahuan keterampilan profesionalitas yang memadai guna menunjang tugas untuk mengelola harta tanah wakaf.
PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA (Pendekatan Metode Istihsan)
Authors: Darliana Darliana , Sapriadi Sapriadi , Wahid St. Hadijah , Azhar Nur Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Indonesia sebagai negara yang berkependudukan muslim terbanyak di dunia dan tidak lepas dari berbagai dinamika realitas sosial yang membutuhkan pembaharuan hukum untuk menjawab problematika sosial. Namun dalam pembaharuan Hukum Islam terdapat perbedaan-perbedaan, hal ini tidak lepas dari situasi dan kondisi sosial yang mengitari peristiwa hukum dan pakar hukum dalam menemukan pembaharuaan hukum. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan adalah Penelitian Kepustakaan, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis terkait metode istihsan dan pembaharuan hukum Islam di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa Metode Istihsan merupakan suatu konsep istinbat hukum  dalam Islam serta metode istihsan dapat diungkapkan dengan dua statmen yaitu; pertama, mengunggulkan qiyas khafi atas qiyas jali yang didasarkan pada suatu dalil; kedua, mengecualikan suatu persoalan juz’i dari asal kulli atau kaidah umum karena adanya dalil khusus yang menuntut pengecualian tersebut. Istihsan dalam prakteknya mempunyai dua mekanisme metode istinbat hukum, yaitu ta’lili dan istislahi.
Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar pada Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Pusat Keunggulan
Authors: Lince Leny
Published: August 2022

Kurikulum merupakan sebuah wadah yang akan menentukan arah pendidikan. Untuk pelaksanaan pembelajaran Kurikulum merdeka menekankan tercapainya kompetensi sikap, pengetahuan dan keterampilan. SMKN 1 Tana Toraja merupakan sekolah yang mengimplementasikan Kurikulum merdeka dalam pembelajaran.. Implementasi Kurikulum merdeka diharapkan dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa, karena kurikulum ini pada dasarnya berpusat pada siswa. Guru hanya sebagai fasilitator dan mediator serta motivator bagi siswa, agar siswa semangat dalam belajar dan mendapat hasil baik. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan adalah Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian lapangan, dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan mengambil latarbelakang di SMKN 1 Tana Toraja. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Waka Kurikulum, Guru dan siswa, Pembelajaran yang baik adalah bersifat menyeluruh dalam melaksanakannya dan mencakup berbagai aspek, baik aspek kognitif, afektif maupun psikomotorik, sehingga dalam pengukuran peningkatan dari hasil keberhasilannya selain dilihat dari segi kuantitas juga dari kualitas yang telah dilakukan di sekolah-sekolah apa yang ingin dicapai melalui inovasi pendidikan tersebut, yaitu usaha untuk mengubah proses pembelajaran, perubahan dalam situasi belajar yang menyangkut kurikulum, peningkatan fasilitas belajar mengajar serta peningkatan mutu profesional guru.Mengacu pada pendapat tersebut, maka penerapan merdeka dalam pembelajaran, yang mana pembelajaran yang aktif harus ditandai adanya rangkaian terencana yang melibatkan siswa secara langsung, komprehensif, baik fisik, mental maupun emosi. Hal ini sering diabadikan oleh guru, karena guru lebih mementingkan pada pencapaian tujuan dan target kurikulum. Salah satu upaya guru dalam menciptakan suasana aktif, efektif dan menyenangkan dan pembelajaran harus berpusat pada siswa, sehingga  dalam proses pembelajaran yakni dengan menggunakan metode-metode yang tepat dan alat media. Hal ini dapat membantu guru dalam menggerakkan, menjelaskan gambaran ide dari suatu materi yang sesuai dengan kurikulum merdeka. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Implementasi Kurikulum merdeka dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran sudah berjalan dengan semestinya dan mengalami peningkatan selama persemesternya.
Empreendedorismo na prática: conexões entre ciência, mercado e sociedade
Authors: Casagrande Elton Eustaquio , Bueno Guilherme Wolf , Santos David Ferreira Lopes , Machado Levi Pompermayer
Published: August 2022

Iniciamos a terceira década do século XXI no momento que entramos no ano de 2021. Uma época evidenciada por tópicos importantes que variam desde crises climáticas severas, até questões sociais que desempenham – com grande impacto –, o curso de nossa trajetória como indivíduo, a partir do momento em que a humanidade é posta em segundo plano. Aqui no Brasil, a contar dos últimos anos que antecedem essa terceira década e após uma agoniante crise epidemiológica, nos encontramos confusos e desorientados. Tal inflexão e confusão transparece culturalmente, politicamente, financeiramente e individualmente. Ou seja, nos paralisa em diversas áreas do desenvolvimento, sobretudo nas áreas da economia e na produção de uma nova ciência. Brasil, país rico em saberes e vivências que – através de suas particularidades –, possui um enorme potencial para ultrapassar fronteiras e abrir caminhos dentre todas as comunidades e esferas sociais que permeamos diariamente. Brasil, país este que ao explorar o que nossa sociedade apresenta de melhor, seria capaz de encantar e se tornar referência de progresso para todo mundo. Acreditamos, então, que é dever das universidades se apropriarem do legado do desenvolvimento científico e o desenvolvimento econômico, seja através de áreas privados ou públicas. Como exemplo, temos a Universidade Estadual Paulista – Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), que faz parte das agendas dos Governos Estaduais e Federais, a fim de expressar com políticas, o direcionamento de incentivo e financiamento para novas visões de empreendedorismo que se formam. Destarte, a parceria entre Governos Estaduais, Federais, Universidades e empresas, são a ponte que nos tirará da letargia coletiva, rumo novamente ao desenvolvimento científico, mercadológico e social. Logo, com alegria e esperança consolidamos e apresentamos essa obra, edificada com o propósito de integrar um produto tecnológico, com o objetivo de transmitir conhecimento, experiências e servir como uma ferramenta facilitadora nas áreas de Ciências Humanas, Sociais Aplicadas, Exatas, Tecnológicas e Biológicas. Um trabalho rico e cuidadosamente minucioso que irá nos proporcionar novos entendimentos, sapiências e horizontes para o desenvolvimento do bem coletivo.
Temporal and spatial segregation among mammal predators and their prey
Authors: Carolina  , Meri-Leão Rosa M. , Grelle Carlos EV.
Published: August 2022

Time and space are niche dimensions that allow a local coexistence of predators and their prey. Daily activity patterns are a crucial component of mammalian ecology and behavior, being temporal avoidance often the most important mechanism of coexistence among species. Animal’s daily activity patterns (temporal specialization) can be classified in diurnal, nocturnal, crepuscular or cathemeral. Temporal overlap alone does not define the vulnerability of the prey or the preference of the predator, since there must also be spatial segregation, which can alleviate possible hostile interactions among the animals. In this study, we test if there are any significant differences among the daily activity patterns of predators and prey. We used the camera-trapping data to test if the predator’s species have less occurrence than expected by chance on the trails. The study area is the Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (PARNASO). C-score is used to determine the spatial segregation and the exact test to determine the temporal segregation between predators and prey. Our results suggest spatial segregation among predators and prey in PARNASO. Also, the exact test showed that predators have cathemeral activity while prey are mainly nocturnal, as expected, probably to avoid predators. Despite its importance, the theory of how predation affects species differences and diversity is much less developed than the competition theory, which shows that more studies like this one need to be done
Kant’s Theory of Human Transcendence (Ontology) and its Pitfalls
Authors: Ekong Joseph T
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This work offers a caveat regarding the human propensity to error, even in situations of very meticulous and seemingly thorough philosophical investigations.

Methodology: This paper is a critical, analytic and evaluative, in its exposition of Kant’s ontology.

Findings: Kant already had a theory of the origin of concepts which reinforced his theory of the nature of judgments. Based on his acceptance of the Cartesian psychology of perception, he claimed that man thinks only thoughts and perceives only perceptions; and that the mind is aware only of itself and its own states. The situation puts in relief what ﬁnally is an issue between a theory which is pinned to a belief in an absolute beyond history and behind experience, and one which is frankly experimental.

Unique Contribution to theory, practice and policy (recommendation): In a manner that is both instructive and corrective, this work contributes to the extant repertoire of discussions on Kant’s ontology. It offers a significantly demanding ratiocinative interrogation of the foundations upon which Kant’s theory of human transcendence was premised or predicated.
Rethinking John S. Mbiti’s Metaphysical Trajectory of Time in Africa
Authors: Ekong Joseph T
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To reawaken the consciousness of all Africans to the implications of the metaphysical trajectory of time in Africa, which John S. Mbiti presents, in relation to personal and collective human development in Africa.

Methodology: This work is expository, critical, and evaluative in its methodology.

Findings: In Western thought, there is mathematical and linear time, as dominant ideas. Dominant because some philosophers, in particular Bergson, have their notion of time as mainly inclined to be lived, organic. It is linear time in the sense that, it is an imagined line through which the distant past, present and infinite future is figured.  Linear time as such does not exist, but it is a metaphysical notion existing in our minds. Linear time is unidirectional and mathematical.  In Africa, African Philosophy is still fledgling.  That is, it is not fully developed and documented. Consequently, even the field of “time” lacks a robust written commentary.

Unique Contribution to theory, practice and policy (recommendation): Within the traditional African milieu, according to Mbiti, time is a two dimensional phenomenon, with a long past, a present and virtually no future. This is contrary to the linear time concept in western thought, with an indefinite past, present and future. This work is expository, analytical and critical in its methodology. The first part of the discussion is concerned with the nature of time (and its constituent elements) as a metaphysical concept. The second part focuses on the ordering of time as found among the Africans. Finally, the third part discusses some of the different activities (in customs and traditions), which point to the future. These include the meaning of life, rites of passage, painting and divination, etc.  In the conclusion, a fundamental question is raised regarding, whether or not, the present organization of time, in Africa, as presented by John S. Mbiti, be perpetuated or changed, taking into account the pros and cons it bears.
A Contradiction of Corporate Social Responsibility in Moderating Tax Avoidance
Authors: Mary Hilda , Pratiwi Nila , Agusti Anatia
Published: August 2022

This study will look at tax avoidance through CSR as a moderating variable along with capital intensity, institutional ownership, and firm size. The independent variables are capital intensity, institutional ownership, and firm size, while the dependent variable is tax avoidance. As well as CSR as a moderating variable. This study focused on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2017 and 2021. In this study, the sample was determined using the purposive sampling method, which yielded a sample of 44 companies from 195 populations. Eviews 10 was used to analyze the research data using panel data analysis techniques. According to the findings of the study, Capital Intensity has a partial effect on Tax Avoidance, Institutional Ownership has a partial significant effect on Tax Avoidance, and Company Size has no significant effect on Tax Avoidance. Tax avoidance is influenced by capital intensity and institutional ownership, which are moderated by CSR. While CSR has no effect on tax avoidance, company size does. It is hoped that this study will assist manufacturers listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in determining tax avoidance by taking into account the factors that have a significant effect on tax avoidance, such as the effect of capital intensity, institutional ownership, and company size, as well as CSR as a moderating variable.
Changes in Expression of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in the Kidneys of Diabetic Rats During Aging
Authors: Faletar Jelena , Vukojević Katarina
Published: August 2022

Background. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in most developed countries. A number of specific factors may contribute to the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy. One of those specific factors is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We studied the expression of VEGF in the kidneys of diabetic rats during aging. Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with 55mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) (DM group) or with citrate buffer (control group). Kidneys were collected after 2 weeks, 2 months, 6 months and 12 months, and were analyzed in three different kidney structures: glomeruli, proximal (PCT) and distal convoluted tubules (DCT). Sections were stained immunohistochemically, using VEGF.Results. Significant differences in marker expression were observed after 2 months, with higher VEGF expression in diabetic rats. Positive VEGF cells were detected exclusively in the glomeruli of diabetic rats after 2 months. After 2 weeks of DM onset, high VEGF expression was demonstrated in the distal tubules of diabetic rats, as well as a complete absence of VEGF expression in the distal tubules of the control group. Conclusions. The major change in expression of VEGF occurs after 2 months of DM onset, particularly in the DTC, implying an early onset of pathophysiological changes in diabetic kidneys, which would usually occur with aging. These findings help to contribute to our understanding of changes associated with DN and guide towards potentially appropriate treatment modalities.Key words: diabetes mellitus, kidneys, nephropathy, VEGF
Sex Ratio of Graduated Medical Students of the School of Medicine in Mostar for the Period 2003-2020
Authors: Kraljević Gordana , Čarapina Zovko Ivona , Jelavić Boris
Published: August 2022

Background: In many countries today, there is an increase in the share of women practicing medicine. This trend has been called the''feminization'' of medicine. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a trend towards the feminization of medicine within the School of Medicine in Mostar.Methods: The examinees were medical students who graduated from the School of Medicine from 2003 to 2019. Male:female ratios were calculated for each year and for the entire study period. The entire study period was divided into 3-time intervals: 2003-2007, 2008-2013 and 2014-2019. These time intervals were compared according to the male:female ratio.Results: During the studied time periods there were 67.30% female graduates and 32.70% male graduates with a male:female ratio of 0.49:1. There were statistically significantly more females than males in all examined periods. There was a trend towards an increased share of females since the percentages of females in 2003-2007, 2008-2013 and 2014-2019 were 64%, 65% and 71%, respectively. However, the differences in sex shares between these periods were not statistically significant.Conclusions: The results of this cross-sectional study showed a significantly greater share of females than males among graduates and a trend towards a statistically non-significant increase in the share of females from the first to the last generation of graduates,which is in line with global trends.Key words: women, feminization, sex ratio, medical profession, school of medicine
PENGARUH PEMASARAN DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN KOPERASI TERHADAP LOYALITAS NASABAH DENGAN KEPERCAYAAN PELANGGAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING DI KOPERASI ARTHA AGUNG BANDAR
Authors: Supriyatno Irawan , Imtikhanah Sobrotul , Yulinda Tri
Published: August 2022

Customer loyalty has a very important role in a company. Loyalty is the result of establishing both short-term and long-term relationships with customers. Trust is important for companies to build relationships with customers because customers cannot build real relationships without trust. This study aims to determine the effect of marketing and service quality of cooperatives on customer loyalty with customer trust as an intervening variable in the Koperasi Artha Agung Bandar. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, as many as 90 respondents. This study uses a quantitative description method. For data collection using questionnaire. T-test results show that marketing has a significant positive effect on customer loyalty and service quality has an insignificant negative effect on customer loyalty. Marketing has an insignificant negative effect on customer trust and service quality has a significant positive effect on customer trust. By using path analysis, customer trust is able to mediate for service quality to customer loyalty, but customer trust is not able to mediate for marketing to customer loyalty. From the results of the research conducted, it is concluded that marketing has no positive and significant effect on customer loyalty with customer trust as an intervening variable in the Koperasi Artha Agung Bandar, while the service quality of cooperatives has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty with customer trust as an intervening variable in the Koperasi Artha Agung Bandar.
The Hybrid Wireless Communication Link
Authors: Mr. Pradeep Nayak  , Suraj S Ankolekar  , Tejas R  , Sushma K N  , Swetha S
Published: August 2022

The paper describes the development of a wirelessly hybrid data connection that employs two channels of transmission using radio waves and optical radiation (FSO, free space optics) (RF - Radio Frequency). Its data range was established under various operating settings based on several factors (such as diode lasers, optics aperture, photodetector phototransistor, signal bandwidth, and beam divergence) of the connection components (visibility and turbulence). The Military Communication Institute in Poland conducted the first testing on the link prototype (TRL 6). The findings show that the employment of an FSO/RF information system may boost connection availability, data transmission security, and immunity to malicious interference. Given the characteristics of this technology, it was found to have a significant degree of military application potential
“Análisis de satisfacción con el sistema de prácticas pre profesionales: Caso Carrera de Mercadotecnia Utmach”.
Authors: Villavicencio Maria Fernanda , Cabanilla Oña Josue  Ricardo , Coello Castañeda Jessenia Carolina
Published: August 2022

La siguiente investigación tiene como objetivo el análisis de la satisfacción de los estudiantes con relación al sistema de prácticas pre profesionales correspondientes a la carrera de mercadotecnia. Se realizó una investigación con enfoque cuantitativo y se aplicó una encuesta a 85 estudiantes que realizaron sus prácticas en los períodos D1- D2-2020 y D1-2021. Los estudiantes se sienten en su mayoría satisfechos con el sistema de prácticas pre profesionales con un porcentaje correspondiente al 85%, siendo representativo de los valores relacionados a satisfactorio. Se pudo observar que los estudiantes han tenido una experiencia positiva en el proceso y la oportunidad de aplicar sus conocimientos en un entorno laboral, aportando con ideas o siendo partícipes de las decisiones de la empresa.
Construcción y validación de un reactor de pirólisis para la obtención de biocarbón
Authors: Gaona Chanalata Jose , Barrezueta Unda Salomón , Castillo Paredes Diego
Published: August 2022

Objetivo:   La investigación tuvo el propósito de construir un reactor para la pirólisis de restos de la cosecha del maíz y cuantificar el biocarbón obtenido.

Métodos: Se construyó un reactor con dos cámaras (combustión y pirólisis), de acuerdo a los  requerimientos de algunos agricultores encuestados y a las especificaciones técnicas de la literatura consultada. Luego se probó el reactor con tuzas de maíz que se incineraron por diferentes tiempos; quedando formados los ensayos en: 300-350 ºC por 3 horas (E1); 400 ºC por 2 horas (E2), 450-500 ºC por 2 horas (E3).

Resultados: Los valores más altos de cantidad (3,67 Kg) y rendimiento de biochar (30,61%) fueron en E2, el pH medido en agua destilada en todos los ensayos fue altamente alcalino con una baja conductividad eléctrica.

Conclusiones:  El equipo que se propone es de poca complejidad y económico, permitiendo obtener un biochar en un rango de entre 21-35% de rendimiento a 400 ºC por 2 horas.
Philip Larkin
Authors: Regan Stephen
Published: August 2022

Since his death in 1985, Philip Larkin's reputation as a writer has undergone a profound and dramatic transformation. With the publication of a candid biography, a controversial collection of letters and a comprehensive edition of the poems, the abiding interests and concerns of Larkin criticism have been radically altered. At the same time, the impact of literary theory has brought a new set of critical perspectives and approaches to bear on the poetry. The essays in this volume abandon the tired cliches of an older critical consensus and offer a lively, provocative response to such issues as sexual politics, national identity and post-colonialism in the work of a writer widely regarded as the best Poet Laureate Britain never had.
The Twentieth-Century Welfare State
Authors: Gladstone David
Published: August 2022

The welfare state has been one of the most significant developments in twentieth-century Britain. Drawing on much recent research, The Twentieth-Century Welfare State narrates its principal changes and provides a thematic historical introduction to issues of finance and funding, providers and users and the role of the welfare state as a system of social stratification. Change and continuity are central themes, while the 'moving frontier' between the state and other suppliers in the mixed economy of twentieth-century welfare is also analysed.
Frontiers in Question
Authors: Power Daniel , Standen Naomi
Published: August 2022

This comprehensive introduction to intercultural pragmatics examines the theoretical, methodological and practical issues in the analysis of talk across cultures.
Inpatient administration of opioids and risk for post-operative ileus in older adults
Authors: Rodriguez-Monguio, PhD, MS Rosa , Berkley, PharmD Ellen , Mendoza, PharmD Edgardo , Miller, PharmD Kirsten , Selim, PharmD Shafat , Trac, PharmD Cindy , Lun, PhD Zhixin , Reisner, PharmD, FCSHP Lori
Published: August 2022

Objective: Post-operative ileus (POI) is a common and potentially serious complication after surgery. We assessed the incidence and identified predictors of POI in older surgical patients.Design: A retrospective observational study.Setting: University of California-San Francisco electronic medical record data.Participants: Opioid-naïve, noncancer patients, aged 65 and older, who underwent elective surgery in the period 2017-2019.Exposure: Administration of opioid analgesics per day of hospitalization in opioid naïve patients.Main outcomes measure: Incidence of POI and likelihood of developing POI.Results: In the study period, 3 percent of opioid naïve patients developed POI. Patients with POI used on average 197.1 oral morphine equivalents (OMEs) per day of hospitalization compared to 82.5 OME in patients without POI (p = 0.013). Yet, there were not statistically significant differences in post-operative pain scores between patients with and without POI. General surgery (p = 0.0031), length of surgery (p = 0.0031), and hospital length of stay (p < 0.0001) were significant predictors of the risk for developing POI. Adjusted inpatient administration of more than 90 OME per day of hospitalization was associated with a four times greater risk for developing POI (p = 0.016). Developing POI was associated with 6.5 (95 percent confidence interval: 5.2-7.8) additional days of hospitalization among patients who developed POI compared to patients who did not develop POI (p < 0.0001).Conclusions: Adjusted inpatient administration of more than 90 OME significantly increased the risk for developing POI in opioid-naïve older patients. Developing POI after surgery significantly increased the hospital length of stay. Optimizing inpatient administration of opioids may prevent opioid use-related POI and longer hospitalizations.
PACIENTES CONVIVENDO COM HIV
Authors: Coutinho Ana Karine Gimenes
Published: August 2022

Introdução: O HIV consiste em uma patologia causada por um retrovírus que compromete o sistema imunológico do indivíduo, causando dessa forma infecções oportunistas que levam o mesmo a óbito. No Brasil são mais de 37,7 milhões de pessoas que convivem com esta patologia e recebem o tratamento antirretroviral que pode ser ofertado pelo SUS. Objetivo: O objetivo principal desta revisão bibliográfica é descrever de acordo com a literatura as dificuldades da adesão ao tratamento da HIV em indivíduos soropositivos e contribuir para o entendimento de tais fatores. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura em bases de dados científicos em inglês e português visando ideias de autores que discutiram sobre o tema. Resultados: O paciente soropositivo ainda encontra muitos impasses e inseguranças quanto ao tratamento, pois este pode ser muito complexo para algumas pessoas que apresentam um fator socioeconômico precário e que possuem pouca informação. Conclusão: A maior causa e provocadora de um impacto negativo na adesão ao tratamento são fatores socioeconômicos, pois, podem dificultar de alguma maneira o acesso aos fármacos ou ao local onde a consulta é realizada.
ENSINO SUPERIOR EM ENFERMAGEM EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Lopes Ávila Roberlandia Evangelista , Eugênio Bezerra Francisca Emanuelle Sales , Paiva Monte Francisco Thiago , De Aguiar Leidiane Carvalho , Sousa Beatriz da Silva
Published: August 2022

Este artigo objetiva socializar as condições de ensino, aprendizagem e avaliação de um curso de enfermagem da Região Norte do Ceará, em tempos da COVID 19. Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, desenvolvido no curso de Enfermagem da Faculdade 5 de Julho (F5), em Sobral–CE, durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) de todo o mundo foram impactadas pela pandemia da covid-19, necessitando assim, de uma série de readequações nos formatos de ensino, acompanhamento e avaliação, mediados pelas medidas de distanciamento social, impondo a transição do ensino presencial para o remoto. Mesmo diante o contexto de incertezas e dificuldades que atravessaram o período das restrições sociais fomentadas pela pandemia da covid-19, nota-se um contexto positivo no que se refere à capacidade de reorganização das IES, de modo que os impactos na aprendizagem de discentes fossem minimizados, favorecendo a continuidade das atividades universitárias em outros formatos de ensino.
Compression of DNA Sequencing Data
Authors: Voges Jan
Published: August 2022

Mit der Einführung der neuesten Generationen von Sequenziermaschinen sind die Kosten für die Sequenzierung eines menschlichen Genoms auf weniger als 1.000 US-Dollar gesunken. Es wird prognostiziert, dass die Menge der Sequenzierungsdaten bald die Menge anderer Datentypen, wie z.B. Videodaten, übersteigen wird. Daher werden in dieser Arbeit drei neue Datenkompressionsverfahren zur Verbesserung der Speicherung, Übertragung und Verarbeitung von Sequenzierungsdaten vorgestellt. Die drei Verfahren beschäftigen sich mit der Komprimierung von Sequenzfragmenten, der Quantisierung und Komprimierung von Sequenzierungs-Qualitätswerten, sowie der MPEG-G-konformen Entropiecodierung von Sequenzierungsdaten. Im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik erzielen die Verfahren in separaten Experimenten die jeweils besten Ergebnisse. Abschließend wird die Integration der vorgeschlagenen Verfahren in den MPEG-G-Standard diskutiert

C O N T E N T S

1 introduction 1

1.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

1.2 State of the Art and Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.2.1 Compression of Aligned Reads . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.2.2 Compression of Quality Scores . . . ...
Morphological parameters of vegetative organs of ornamental sunflower varieties depending on the method of cultivation
Authors: Pashutin Vladimir , Orlova Elena , Kryuchkova Viktoria
Published: August 2022

Decorative sunflower varieties are traditionally used in decorative gardening for cutting and when creating flower beds of a large area. Modern varieties differ in parameters that allow them to be used as a container culture, however, there is no information about the impact of a limited area of nutrition in the literature. The purpose of this study is to compare the methods of growing sunflower in the open and in the ground and in containers and to assess the variability of morphological features of vegetative parts of the plant with different methods of cultivation. The objects of the study were sunflower varieties ‘Gloriosa Evening’, ‘Red Sun’, ‘Red Sun’, medium-sized ‘Don Juan’, undersized ‘Bear Cub’, ‘Sunny Bunny'. The research was carried out in the laboratory of cultivated plants of the GBS RAS. Significant differences were established between the varieties in plant height, length and width of the leaf blade, and the length of the petiole. A reliable influence of the growing method on the parameters of the leaf blade was established, as well as the presence of an individual varietal reaction to the growing method. The structure of variability of quantitative characteristics was evaluated. Keywords: HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L., METHODS OF CULTIVATION, VEGETATIVE ORGANS, VARIETIES
FRUIT GROWING IN CHIOS IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
Authors: BAYKARA TAŞKAYA Arzu
Published: August 2022

Chios is an island of Greece in the Aegean Sea. The island, which is connected to the North Aegean region of the country, is separated from Turkey by the Strait of Chios. It is famous for mastic trees and mastic gum obtained from these trees. Shortly before the death of Suleiman the Magnificent, the island, which joined the Eyalet of the Archipelago (Eyālet-i Cezāyir-i Baḥr-i Sefīd in Ottoman Turkish) in the Ottoman Empire, was conquered by Kapudan Pasha Piyale Pasha in 1566. Due to the mountainous nature of Chios, a small part of its land is suitable for agriculture. A very small part of the population that made up the island was Muslim. Throughout history, the most important products of the island were mastic, citrus, lemon and orange, almond, pomegranate, olive trees. Citrus products such as fresh lemons, lemon juice, citrus and citron, which constitute the island's most important source of income, were sent to Istanbul to the palace halvahane (Ottoman hist. a section of a sultanic kitchen where desserts and candies were made) under the name "Miri Mübayaa". The material cost of these purchased products was also covered from the mukataa of the island. The problems encountered in the years when products could not be obtained from these trees were also reflected in the documents. In the state yearbooks (salname), a disease called "Kermez " was mentioned, which we cannot get any information about exactly. In the orchards created by two sample farms, it was tried for three years to fight the diseases. This study was conducted by a businesslike science officer. Agriculturalists who became quite skilled in this business were also sent to treat citrus diseases that occurred in other provinces. Olive and the oil obtained from it was one of the pure products of the island. However, the tithe (öşür) tax obtained from olive cultivation, which is available enough to meet the needs of the island, was collected through mukataas and this income was used for the needs of the state, especially the treasury. The main sources of our article are the documents, the state yearbooks, reports and of course travel books in the Ottoman Archives of the Presidency of the State Archives. All kinds of information reflected in the archive about fruit production in Chios and these products, diseases infesting trees, export of fruits, all documents in the archive about trees are explained in detail.
İÇEDÖNÜK VE DIŞADÖNÜK KİŞİLİK BAĞLAMINDA ŞEYYÂD HAMZÂ’NIN YÛSUF U ZÜLEYHÂ MESNEVİSİ
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Mustafa Yunus
Published: August 2022

Günlük hayatın birçok aşamasında birbirinden farklı insan tipleriyle birlikte hayatımızı sürdürmekteyiz. Bu insanların kendilerine has psikolojik özellikleri bulunmakta ve bu özellikler onları kendilerine özgü birey olmalarını sağlamaktadır. Zaten hayatın en önemli unsuru olan insan, doğumundan ölümüne kadar geçen süre zarfında birçok yönden edebiyatın konusu olmuştur. Hayatın her köşesinde karşımıza çıkan tip ve/veya karakterler edebî eserlerde de yerini almıştır. Bu eserlerde insanın bedensel varlığıyla birlikte ruhsal durumu da irdelenmiş ve kahramanların psikolojik durumları bu eserlere doğrudan yansıtılmıştır. Hz. Yusuf’u konu edinen Yusuf u Züleyha mesnevileri edebiyatımızda oldukça rağbet görmüştür. Çalışmamızda Şeyyad Hamza’nın kaleme aldığı Yûsuf u Züleyhâ adlı mesnevisi Jung’un ortaya koyduğu dışadönük ve içedönük tipler bağlamında incelenmiştir. Mesnevide yaptığımız incelemede Jung’un sınıflandırdığı tiplerden beş tipin özelliklerini yansıtan örnekler tespit edilmiştir.
Discovery of sheath folds in the Adula nappe and implications forthe tectonic evolution (Central Alps)
Authors: Perozzo Michele , Maino Matteo , Schenker Filippo , Seno Silvio
Published: August 2022

Orogenic deformation patterns show intricate overprinting and structural relations, variations of style and orientation of folds and sense of shear, which are traditionally interpreted as due to polyphase deformation, i.e. distinct deformation phases separated by periods of tectonic quiescence. The Adula nappe in the Central Alps displays exceptional exposures of complex internal structures involving heterogeneous rocks (meta-pelitic and meta-granitic gneisses, micaschists, amphibolites, eclogites, minor quartzites and limestones). The Adula structures are distinguished through the style and the orientation of folds, schistosity and the observation of refolded folds. Structural features show a great variability within the unit, making the structures along the nappe difficult to correlate. However, the Adula deformation patterns are classically interpreted as generated by multiple, distinct deformation phases (five deformation phases; D1-5), despite only one schistosity and lineation may be clearly recognized in the field. Kinematic indicators indicate dominant top-to-N sense of shear, although local top-to-S shear is interpreted as developed during the D3 backfolding phase (e.g. Löw 1987; Nagel 2008). In this contribution, we show a recognition of sheath folds from the central part of the Adula nappe, the largest high-pressure nappe of the Central Alps. We performed detailed geological mapping (scale 1:10000) and structural characterization of the spectacular outcrops of the Piz de Cressim glacial cirque. Here a large antiform is described as the main structure classically associated with the D3 backfolding phase. We show that the meso/leucocratic heterogeneous rocks (orthogneisses, micaschists, migmatitic gneisses, amphibolitic lenses) form highly non-cylindrical folds. Sheath folds are highlighted by several cm to km scale omega and elliptical eye-structures in cross sections perpendicular to the shear direction (y-z plane). Local variations of style and orientation of folds and sense of shear are easily explained by the three-dimensional structure of the sheath folds. All lithological units show one penetrative foliation and a related stretching lineation with variations in orientation. We suggest that the Cressim antiform formed during a progressive, highly non-cylindrical folding under top-to-N deformation accomplished within rheological heterogeneous rocks.
The prograde history of three Mn-rich garnets from the UHP Lago di Cignana Unit (Italy)
Authors: Gilio Mattia , van Schrojenstein Lantman Hugo W. , Girani Alice , Angel Ross J. , Scambelluri Marco , Alvaro Matteo
Published: August 2022

Extensive rock recrystallization and element redistribution during retrogression often hampers our understanding of the early stages of metamorphism. Garnet is the mineral that best preserves information about its growth during the prograde history of the rock as compositional zoning. In most metamorphic rocks, garnet zoning varies between almandine, grossular, and pyrope end-members with minor spessartine content. This variability and the diffuse presence of mineral inclusions in garnet enables the coupling of thermodynamic tools (e.g., pseudosections) with classical element exchange and elastic geothermobarometry to gather information on their pressures and temperatures of equilibration. Such studies give their best results when applied to metapelites due to their relatively large mineral variability over the typical PT range of metamorphic rocks. However, monomineralic lithotypes, such as impure quartzite or marble, consist of minerals stable over a wide PT range and therefore lack mineralogic change. Furthermore, currently available solution models are not calibrated for use on unconventional bulk rock compositions and therefore do not guarantee reliable geothermobarometric results.

In this contribution, we use elastic geobarometry to track prograde garnet growth from low- to ultrahigh-pressure conditions in three Mn-rich garnets (up to 50% sps) from an impure marble from the Lago di Cignana Unit (Italy). The rock consists of mainly quartz and calcite with garnet porphyroblasts. The three garnets show a very large core-to-rim compositional zoning with Mn-rich cores, Fe-rich mantles, and rims with a slight increase in Mg. Mineral inclusions in garnet cores and mantles are mainly quartz, with minor titanite, calcite, and apatite. Coesite, aragonite, zircon, and rutile are instead present within garnet rims. The three investigated garnets vary in shape, zonation, inclusions type and size while having a comparable core-to-rim composition. In two garnets, quartz inclusions are tiny (20-30 μm) and spread evenly within the garnets. The third garnet has larger quartz inclusions (50-100 μm) in the core and smaller in the mantle, decreasing progressively in size from the inner to the outer mantle (50-10 μm). Elastic geobarometry on these quartz inclusions in garnet allowed the tracking of the pressures at which garnet cores and mantles formed. We can show that these garnets formed during multiple distinct growth stages along the prograde path from 1.2 GPa and 430°C to 1.8 GPa and 500°C and finally at UHP conditions, as testified by the coesite-bearing garnet rims. This difference in pressure and temperature of garnet growth might be due to local (cm-to-mm-sized) changes in chemical composition at the scale of the thin section and/or to reaction overstepping.
Tectonic Transfer from the Western Alpine Front to the French Rhône Valley in its 3D-Structural Context
Authors: Sue Christian , Walpersdorf Andrea , Bienveignant Dorian , Al Najjar Lina , Hannouz Estelle , Lemoine Anne , Baize Stephane
Published: August 2022

The Western Alps current tectonics is characterized by seismically active radial extension in the core of the belt, combined with transcurrent to transpressive tectonics in its external zone and foreland associated with a moderate seismicity. We focus on the tectonic transfer from the W-Alps to their foreland, namely the French Rhône Valley, a region with high societal challenges, including demography, nuclear powerplants, and chemical industries. We combine seismotectonic and geodetic (GNSS) approaches to constrain the stress and strain fields of the area extended from the alpine External Crystalline Massifs to the eastern edge of the French Massif Central, which encompasses the Rhône Valley. Seismic strain rates for a set of subareas defined on tectonic arguments (seismotectonic zoning) have been evaluated. They are processed by combining the total seismic energy obtained with statistical integrations of Gutenberg-Richter distributions with representative focal-mechanisms obtained from stress inversions. Seismic strain rates are then compared to the geodetic strain field obtained from an updated GNSS solution focused on the study area. Seismic strain rates of subareas in the Rhone Valley and surroundings range between a few nanostrains/yr and 10E-2 nanostrains/yr. In terms of amplitude, geodesy seems to provide deformation rates one order of magnitude higher than seismicity. However, our seismic strain tensors are globally consistent with the geodetic ones, specifically in the front of the Alps (Belledonne region), where seismic and geodetic networks are denser. In a last step, we replace these strain and stress fields in a new 3D-structural model, which has been developed on purpose. It integrates the main crustal units and the main faults of the area, allowing to better constrain the relationship between the current deformation and stress patterns of the Rhône Valley under the Alpine influence, and the inherited fault system carving the entire domain.
Dating a long-lived lake in an intermontane basin: Late Miocene Lake Turiec in the Western Carpathians
Authors: Aherwar Kishan , Šujan Michal , Vojtko Rastislav , Braucher Régis , Chyba Andrej , Hók Jozef , Rózsová Barbara , Team Aster
Published: August 2022

Lake Turiec existed from Late Middle Miocene to Pliocene in the heart of the Western Carpathians in the intermontane Turiec Basin. Despite the long-lasting lacustrine deposition, which formed a muddy succession up to 900 m thick, specific history of this basin in Western Carpathians has been a puzzle due to the missing geochronological proxies. Authigenic 10Be/9Be dating method was applied to determine the existence duration and regression of the long-lived Lake Turiec. Altogether 35 samples were collected from 11 different localities of the basin representing different sedimentary environments such as lacustrine, fan delta, alluvial fan and braided river. Four different localities, Late Pleistocene alluvial fans Veľký Čepčín and Malý Čepčín, Holocene river floodplains Košťany and Kalamová were considered for determining the initial ratio. The initial ratio from the Veľký Čepčín alluvial fan was used for all other localities representing lacustrine, fan delta, alluvial fan and braided river to determine ages, because it is the only N0 in agreement with the independent age proxies indicating that the lacustrine deposits cannot be older than 11.6 Ma. Another explanation of the suitability of the Veľký Čepčín initial ratio is its rapid deposition settings, preventing it from alteration by post-depositional processes and interaction with ground water, in contrary to the remaining intial ratio sites. Weighted mean depositional ages calculated using N0 from Veľký Čepčín imply that the Lake Turiec existed from ~9.96 Ma for more than ~3.25 Myr and regression of the lake begun nearly ~6.71 Ma.

Determining the precise timing of the lake existence will have important implications for geodynamic phases of the Western Carpathians, since it mirrors rapid increase of accommodation followed by intense increase of sediment supply during regression. The presented application of authigenic 10Be/9Be yielded a first radiometric age of long-lived Lake Turiec as compared to roughly estimated age described in previous studies of the Turiec Basin. This novel method also appeared as a promising dating tool to determine the beginning of regression of the lake in an intermontane settings with complicated tectonic and sedimentary history.

The study was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under contract APVV-20-0120.
A journey towards the forbidden zone: a new, cold, UHP unit in the Dora-Maira Massif (Western Alps)
Authors: Manzotti Paola , Schiavi Federica , Nosenzo Francesco , Pitra Pavel , Ballèvre Michel
Published: August 2022

The distribution of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism (UHP) at the scale of a mountain belt is of prime importance for deciphering its past subduction history. In the Western Alps, coesite has been recognized in the southern Dora-Maira massif, in the lens-shaped Brossasco-Isasca Unit, but has not been found up to now in the other parts of the massif. We report the discovery of a new UHP unit in the northern Dora-Maira Massif (Western Alps), named Chasteiran Unit (Manzotti et al. 2022). It is only a few tens of metres thick and consists of garnet-chloritoid micaschists. Garnet inclusions (chloritoid, rutile) and its growth zoning allow to precisely model the P–T evolution. Coesite crystals, which are pristine or partially transformed to palisade quartz occur as inclusions in the garnet outer cores. According to thermodynamic modelling, garnet displays a continuous record of growth during the prograde increase in P and T (25–27 kbar 470–500 °C) (stage 1), up to the coesite stability field (27–28 kbar 520–530 °C) (stage 2), as well as sub-isothermal decompression of about 10 kbar (down to 15 kbar 500–515 °C) (stage 3). The main regional, composite, foliation, marked by chloritoid and rutile, began to develop during this stage, and was then overprinted by chlorite-ilmenite (stage 4). The Chasteiran Unit is discontinuously exposed in the immediate hangingwall of the Pinerolo Unit, and it is located far away from, and without physical links to the classic UHP Brossasco-Isasca Unit. Moreover, it records a different, much colder, P–T evolution, showing that different slices were detached from the downgoing subduction slab. The Chasteiran Unit is the fourth and the coldest Alpine UHP unit known so far in the entire Alpine belt. Its P–T conditions are comparable to the ones of the Tian Shan coesite-chloritoid-bearing rocks.

 

Manzotti, P., Schiavi, F., Nosenzo, F., Pitra, P., Ballèvre, M. (2022). A journey towards the forbidden zone: a new, cold, UHP unit in the Dora-Maira Massif (Western Alps). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, in press.

 