bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing laterally loaded piles relying on the Generalized Coefficient of Earth Pressure and static analysis of elastic beams
Authors: Pantelidis Lysandros
Published: March 2023

There is no doubt that the problem of a laterally loaded pile is an earth pressure analysis problem, involving the flexural rigidity of the pile and the possible fixity of the pile head to a pile cap. During the deformation, which is a combination of bending, rotation and horizontal translation, the earth pressures may take any value between the state at-rest and the active or the passive state on the two sides of the pile. The current practice, as this is depicted by the various design standards, is the p-y method, with the soil to be replaced by an array of parallel springs. This simplification is accompanied by rough assumptions for the Winkler spring constant. Relatively, the author offers a brief, yet comprehensive, review of the more important p-y methods, shedding some light to their validity and highlighting the need for adopting a more rational approach. In this respect, quite recently the author proposed a continuum mechanics approach for deriving earth pressure coefficients for any soil state between the at-rest state and the active or the passive state, applicable to cohesive-frictional soils and both horizontal and vertical pseudo-static conditions. An analytical expression for the calculation of the required structure movement for the mobilization of the active or passive failure state of soil is also provided. The proposed method combines these expressions with the static analysis of elastic beams, offering complete earth pressure and pile deflection diagrams, taking also into account the inertial effect of a possible seismic event (in a pseudostatic manner), as well as the overconsolidation caused by a displacement pile to the surrounding soil. Finally, the location of the point of virtual fixity, which is an important parameter in the case of long, slender piles, is calculated following the proposed procedure.
Einsatz von Integraseinhibitoren in der Schwangerschaft
Authors:   , Weißmann Daniela
Published: March 2023

Integraseinhibitoren sind bereits seit Jahren in der Initialtherapie HIV-positiver Erwachsener empfohlen, in der Schwangerschaft aber bisher aber meist nur unter besonderen Voraussetzungen (z.B. bei hoher maternaler Viruslast kurz vor Entbindung) eingesetzt. Ziel dieser retrospektiven Studie ist es, die Effektivität und Verträglichkeit integraseinhibitorhaltiger ART bei schwangeren Patientinnen zu untersuchen und diese mit integraseinhibitorfreien Regimen zu vergleichen. Die quantitative Viruslast bzw. die Suppression der Viruslast zum Zeitpunkt der Entbindung stellte die primäre Zielgröße der Studie dar, Indikationen für einen INSTI als Intensivierung der ART oder Gründe für einen Therapiewechsel sowie unerwünschte Wirkungen bei Mutter und Kind waren sekundäre Zielgrößen. Hierzu wurden retrospektive Daten aus der Epidem-Datenbank des HIVCENTERs und aus den Patientinnenakten der teilnehmenden Frankfurter Schwerpunktpraxen extrahiert und in die Auswertung einbezogen. Im Beobachtungzeitraum vom 1. Januar 2008 bis zum 01. Juni 2018 wurden n=274 Schwangerschaften erfasst, diese resultierten in n=281 Kindern (fünf Zwillinge und einmal Drillinge). INSTI-haltige Therapieregime wurden bei 52 (19%) der Schwangerschaften eingesetzt, darunter zumeist Raltegravir (92%). Die maternale Viruslast zum Zeitpunkt der Geburt unterschied sich in beiden Therapiegruppen nicht signifikant, in beiden Subgruppen konnte eine signifikante Reduktion der Viruslast zum Zeitpunkt der Entbindung erreicht werden.
Post-war Recovery of the Industrial and Social Infrastructure of Rural Areas in Sumy Region (1945-1950)
Authors: Korol Vitaliy
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the process of industrial and social infrastructure facilities reconstruction in rural areas of Sumy Oblast during the post-war economy recovery in 1945-1950. Characteristic features and peculiarities of setting up and carrying out construction works in the Sumy region are highlighted. It was found that the industrial and social infrastructure was restored both by the economic method by the own forces of enterprises and institutions, and by specialized construction organizations during the post-war period. The organizational structure formation and development of the trusts focused on the construction of various profiles objects in the villages of Sumy land were studied. The level of enterprises financing and the state of their provision of construction materials and qualified personnel are characterized. An assessment of the activities of vocational training institutions for young builders in the city of Sumy is given. It was revealed that the process of the rural infrastructure rebuilding was affected by a lag in pace, non-fulfilment of plans, violation of the order and unevenness of work in the districts of the region. The main cause of these phenomena was the ineffectiveness of the process organization system at both the state and regional levels, manifested by insufficient funding, shortage of qualified personnel, lack of construction materials, poor logistics and transportation problems. Sometimes the negative impact on the productivity of construction organizations was caused by a subjective factor - negligence and corruption on the part of managers. The research is based on materials from the construction organizations funds of the State Archive of Sumy Region and information from the regional newspaper "Bilshovytska Zbroia" issued in the middle 1940s – early 1950s.
The Sports Core of Slobozhanshchyna: from the History of Ukrainian Boxing
Authors: Korol Svitlana
Published: March 2023

Review of the monograph: Vostroknutov L. D. Essays on the boxing history of Kharkiv. Kharkiv: Constanta, 2021. 503 p. [Vostroknutov L. D. Ocherki po istorii boksa Khar'kova: monografiya. Izd. vtoroe, dop. Khar'kov: Konstanta, 2021. 248 s.].
Estimation of regional intensity–duration–frequency relationships of extreme rainfall by simple scaling in Thailand
Authors: Yamoat Nirat , Hanchoowong Ratchawatch , Yamoad Oratai , Chaimoon Nida , Kangrang Anongrit
Published: March 2023

In 2022, Thailand was subjected to extensive flooding all over the country in both urban and rural areas, which caused tremendous losses. Better design and construction of infrastructures for timely and sufficient drainage can help mitigate the problems. This requires accurate intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) relationships at or near the problem areas. To obtain an IDF curve, a continuous rain record from an automatic gauge of the area is needed. Some automatic rain-gauge stations are scattered all over the country and are much fewer in number than the daily-reading rain-gauge stations. By applying a simple scaling theory, we can construct IDF curves from the daily rain records. The 37 automatic stations distributed the scaling exponent over the country. Gumbel location and scale parameters, from 30-year rainfall records, were determined. These three parameters were mapped throughout the country and are ready to be used for creating an IDF curve at any location in the country. We verified these parameters to generate IDF curves for three sites in different regions and found very good agreements. The majority of the errors were less than 15%.
Влияние директивного стиля воспитания и гиперопеки на формирование толерантности и интолерантности к неопределенности
Authors: Найденова Елизавета В.
Published: March 2023

В статье рассмотрен вопрос влияния стилей воспитания на формирование положительного или отрицательного отношения личности к ситуациям неопределенности. Актуальность обуславливается современными реалиями жизни, которые подразумевают частое столкновение с новыми, неизвестными задачами, необходимость существовать в изменяющемся мире. В данной работе впервые затрагивается вопрос формирования различных уровней толерантности к неопределенности в зависимости от того, какие стили воспитания применялись в семье, в чём выражается новизна исследования. Во введении автор приводит аналитический обзор различных подходов относительно вопросов толерантности к неопределенности и таких стилей воспитания, как директивность и гиперопека. Был отмечен двойственный подход к пониманию такого явления как толерантность к неопределенности. Выборка исследования составила 61 человека в возрасте от 18 до 25 лет. В разделе «Методы» обозначены основные способы анализа как теоретических, так и эмпирических данных. Результаты исследования показывают положительные связи между интолерантностью к неопределенности, директивностью и гиперопекой. Также отмечено наличие отрицательных связей между толерантностью к неопределенности и приведенными стилями воспитания.  В разделе «Обсуждение результатов» автор отмечает, что стили и методы воспитания значительным образом сказываются на формировании креативности, которая во многом необходима для проявления высокой толерантности к неопределённости. В разделе «Заключение» автор приходит к выводу о том, что использование жестких методов в воспитании, а также гиперопеки приводит к снижению толерантности к неопределенности и росту интолерантности во взрослом возрасте.
Аффективно-когнитивные предикторы академической успешности современных студентов: аналитический обзор
Authors: Юхно Виктория С. , Денисова Екатерина Г.
Published: March 2023

Многих современных психологов интересует вопрос о том, что влияет на академическую успешность, поскольку студенты получают совершенно различные результаты в ходе познавательного процесса. Не иссякающий интерес к проблеме академической успешности в современной психологии обусловлен возрастанием значимости для современного человека определенного уровня самоэффективности, а также повышением требований к эффективности образовательного процесса, в том числе, академической успешности студентов на разных ступенях обучения. Новизна исследования заключается в комплексном подходе к анализу данной проблемы, а именно к рассмотрению как когнитивных, так и аффективных предикторов академической успешности в современных условиях.

Целью работы является анализ специфики аффективных и когнитивных предикторов академической успешности студентов. В данной статье представлен обзор современных теоретических и эмпирических исследований, посвященных зависимости академической успешности от уровня выраженности характеристик когнитивных способностей, метакогнитивных навыков, эмоционального интеллекта и эмоций. Поиск литературных источников был выполнен на базе поисковой системы Google Академия, а также с использованием ресурсов Научной электронной библиотеки (eLIBRARY.ru, КиберЛенинка). Отбор источников производился преимущественно за период с 2007 по 2022 год. Анализ позволяет заключить, что аффективные и когнитивные характеристики действительно оказывают значительное влияние на академическую успешность студентов. В результате были выделены определенные компоненты, влияющие на уровень академической успешности студентов, такие как: интеллект и креативность, когнитивные стили и метакогнитивные навыки, эмоциональный интеллект и эмоции. Результаты теоретического обзора могут быть использованы для раннего выявления возможных проблем в усвоении учебного содержания образовательных программ, их профилактики, а также разработки программ сопровождения и коррекции академического перфоманса через повышение уровня рефлексии, развитие эмоционального интеллекта, креативности и метакогнитивных навыков.
Documentação no Brasil
Authors: SILVA Giane da Paz Ferreira , Galindo Marcos , Silveira Murilo Artur Araújo da
Published: March 2023

Esse estudo apresenta os conceitos de documento e documentação propostos por Paul Otlet (1868-1944) presentes no âmbito da Revista do Serviço Público (RSP).  Publicada desde 1937, a RSP contempla artigos nas áreas de Administração e Gestão pública, Políticas públicas e Economia do setor público, sendo considerada um importante veículo de informação no Brasil, contemporâneo ao período de efervescência do pensamento de Otlet. A pesquisa consiste numa Revisão Sistemática de Literatura (RSL) com análise documental da RSP no período entre 1951 e 1975. Como procedimento de seleção dos artigos, utiliza o protocolo de pesquisa RSL elaborado por Valentim (2020). A partir do corpus de análise dos textos recuperados identifica os artigos que apresentam os conceitos de “documento” e “documentação” segundo Otlet, bem como os elementos constitutivos sobre o cenário da documentação no Brasil, na perspectiva da publicação de autores brasileiros na RSP, concluindo que os trabalhos analisados contemplam e ampliam a temática da Documentação com importantes reflexões de Otlet para a Ciência da Informação no Brasil.
instrumentos de pesquisa nos arquivos
Authors: De Freitas Thaís Rodrigues , Pires da Silva Eliezer
Published: March 2023

Os instrumentos de pesquisa nos arquivos são ferramentas utilizadas para facilitar o acesso e a localização de documentos em acervos arquivísticos. Eles são criados com base na organização e na descrição realizadas pelos profissionais de arquivo, permitindo que os usuários possam realizar pesquisas com mais facilidade. Neste artigo estão apresentadas articulações conceituais no âmbito do processamento técnico dos arquivos, com base na revisão de literatura. Esses instrumentos de pesquisa são importantes para o acesso e uso desses documentos pela sociedade em geral. Os arquivos precisam ter uma preocupação constante com seus usuários, buscando garantir que eles tenham acesso aos documentos e informações que precisam de forma eficaz, além de garantir a segurança e preservação dos acervos.
valor da desinformação no contexto do capital informação
Authors: Lopes Wilke Valéria Cristina
Published: March 2023

O fenômeno da desinformação tem tomado centralidade no debate público nos últimos tempos. As discussões e ações de combate a conteúdos desinformativos têm sido impulsionadas pelos mais diversos setores da sociedade, motivadas, sobretudo, pela massificação da produção, circulação e consumo de fake news. Entretanto, a desinformação não se restringe apenas ao ambiente da circulação de notícias falsas por pseudo mídias jornalísticas, nem tampouco se caracteriza como um fenômeno novo. É possível remontar outros contextos históricos onde o viés desinformativo tem sido utilizado como política de Estado, estratégia de guerra e produção de consenso em torno de verdades anunciadas. Nesse sentido, o que torna a desinformação um problema tão urgente e atual? Buscando responder essa questão nossa proposta parte de uma discussão teórico-analítica ancorada em uma perspectiva marxiana de economia política. Para tanto, iremos operar com duas noções que consideramos essenciais para elucidar essa questão, sendo elas: a lógica do Capital Informação e a noção de valor no ambiente de uma economia política das plataformas sócio-digitais.
Exploring spiritual eco-humanism
Authors: Suárez Muller Fernando
Published: March 2023

This paper is a philosophical discussion about the link between utopianism and responsibility. It argues that our time demands a strong practice of political responsibility in both organizations and society based on what has been called ‘real utopianism’. It takes as a starting point Hans Jonas’ critique of utopianism. Keeping in mind the horrors of the Second World War this Jewish thinker disconnected the principle of responsibility from the idea of utopianism, and connected it to a ‘heuristics of fear’ – we should be careful with ‘wild’ new technologies, but also with new utopian perspectives. In a second step Jonas’ predecessors and utopian thinkers Martin Buber, Ernst Bloch and Ernest Callenbach are revisited. They show that a fully conceptualized idea of utopianism includes at least three dimensions of responsibility: subsistence, justice and spirituality. I then argue that if one digs deeper into the work of Jonas, it seems that the concept of responsibility in fact implies the courage to overcome a heuristics of fear. This paper therefore argues that there is no need to radically disjunct responsibility from utopianism and that the concept of responsibility actually opens a path to ‘real utopianism’. Such a concept of responsibility can best be supported by a confessionally neutral but nonetheless spiritual eco-humanist worldview that develops a new attitude towards nature, in which (eco)asceticism, morality and spirituality become intertwined.
Linking Career Anxiety with Suicide Tendencies among University Undergraduates
Authors: Onyishi Charity N.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Suicide is increasingly becoming a worldwide public health issue. The issue of suicide in universities is one of the most pressing concerns in Nigeria and the world. Yet, it has not been clear the factors that account for increased suicide among university students. This study investigated the link between career anxiety and suicidal tendencies among university undergraduates.

Methods:

The study was cross-sectional correlational and used a sample of 3,501 undergraduates in Nigeria. Career anxiety was measured using the two-factor career anxiety scale (CAS -2). At the same time, suicide tendencies were weighed using the Multi-attitude Suicide Tendency Scale (MAST), and Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scales (SIDAS).

Results:

Data collected were analyzed using percentages to interpret demographic data. Mean and standard deviation was presented for descriptive purposes. Linear regression was used to explore the links between career anxiety and suicidal tendencies at p < 0.05 level of significance. Results indicated that a high level of career anxiety was significantly correlated with increased suicidal tendencies, such as repulsion for life, attraction to death, and suicidal ideation. A low level of career anxiety was associated with decreased suicidal tendencies, characterized by an increased attitude toward attraction to life and repulsion to death.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that students with problematic career anxiety are likely to report a negative attitude toward life, which leads to increased suicidal ideation. Accordingly, career anxiety may cause one to seriously consider or contemplate suicide.
Acceder a los servicios de salud: la mirada de migrantes del Chocó a Medellín
Authors: Asprilla Córdoba Keyra Liseth , Montenegro Martínez Gino
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Internal migration implies facing a series of conditions that prevent or delay the use of health services; objective: Understand barriers to health services access from the perspective of Chocó migrants living in Medellín.; methodology: Qualitative study, two focus groups were carried out in which 13 people with migratory experience from the department of Chocó to Medellín participated-; results: Afro-Colombian migrant population experiences barriers to entry due to not being insured by the general social security system in health, denial of service provision, lack of information, and unfavorable geographical accessibility. In health services, the barriers are associated with the color of skin and barriers due to delay or denial of authorization for procedures;  conclusions: Migrant population experiences barriers to access to health services. An intersectoral approach to this problem is required, considering the particularities of the migratory context in the country where issues such as employment, education, and violence by armed actors, among others, are mainstreamed.
DNA Mismatch Repair System Imbalances in Breast Adenocarcinoma
Authors: METAXAS GEORGIOS I. , TSIAMBAS EVANGELOS , MARINOPOULOS SPYRIDON , ADAMOPOULOU MARIA , SPYROPOULOU DESPOINA , FALIDAS EVANGELOS , DAVRIS DIMITRIOS , MANAIOS LOUKAS , FOTIADES PANAGIOTIS , MASTRONIKOLI SOFIANIKI , PESCHOS DIMITRIOS , DIMITRAKAKIS CONSTANTINE
Published: March 2023

DNA mismatch repair system (MMR) is considered a leading genetic mechanism in stabilizing DNA structure and maintaining its function. DNA MMR is a highly conserved system in bacteria, prokaryotic, and eukaryotic cells, and provides the highest protection to DNA by repairing micro-structural alterations. DNA MMR proteins are involved in the detection and repair of intra-nucleotide base-to-base errors inside the complementary DNA strand recognizing the recently synthesized strand from the parental template. During DNA replication, a spectrum of errors including base insertion, deletion, and miss-incorporation negatively affect the molecule’s structure and its functional stability. A broad spectrum of genomic alterations such as promoter hyper methylation, mutation, and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in MMR genes including predominantly hMLH1, hMSH2, hMSH3, hMSH6, hPMS1, and hPMS2 lead to their loss of base-to-base error repairing procedure. Microsatellite instability (MSI) refers to the DNA MMR gene alterations that are observed in a variety of malignancies of different histological origins. In the current review, we present the role of DNA MMR deficiency in breast adenocarcinoma, a leading cancer-based cause of death in females worldwide.
Palliative Radiotherapy Induced Severe Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma With Skin Involvement: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: KAWAMOTO TERUFUMI , KARINO TATSUKI , MURAMOTO YOICHI , OSHIMA MASAKI , KOSUGI YASUO , SHIKAMA NAOTO
Published: March 2023

Background/Aim: Radiotherapy (RT) has been rarely reported as a cause of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Therefore, the patient characteristics and details of RT-induced TLS remain unclear, which may delay diagnosis. Herein, we report a case of palliative RT-induced severe TLS in a patient with multiple myeloma (MM) with skin involvement along with literature review. Case Report: A 75-year-old female with MM was referred to our department in February 2021 because of swelling and pruritus of the bulky tumor on her right breast and severe left leg pain. She had received chemotherapies and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantations since October 2012. We administered palliative RT (a single 8 Gy fraction) to the right breast, left tibia, and femur. On day 7 after RT, a shrinkage effect was observed on the right breast lesion, and left leg pain was relieved. Her laboratory results showed hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypercreatininemia. Initially, we considered acute renal failure (ARF) due to MM progression and planned for a follow-up after 1 week. On day 14 after RT completion, she experienced vomiting and anorexia. Her laboratory results became worse. She was admitted with the diagnosis of TLS and received intravenous fluid hydration and allopurinol. Unfortunately, the evolution was marked by severe clinical deterioration with anuria and coma, leading to death on day 35 after RT. Conclusion: It is important to determine whether ARF is due to MM progression or TLS. The occurrence of TLS should be considered in the case of a rapidly shrinking bulky tumor while receiving palliative RT.
Real-world Data of Paclitaxel and Cetuximab in Recurrent/Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: AGUIN SANTIAGO , CARRAL ALBERTO , IGLESIAS LETICIA , PENA CAROLINA , MOLINA AUREA , COSTA MARINHA , COVELA MARTA , GOMEZ JESUS GARCIA , ARROYO RAMÓN GARCIA , HUIDOBRO GERARDO , SIMO ROCÍO VILCHES , MEDINA ANA
Published: March 2023

Background/Aim: Prior immune-checkpoint inhibitors, weekly paclitaxel-cetuximab was one of the few options for platinum-ineligible patients with recurrent/ metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M-SCCHN). This real-world study analyzed the long-term outcomes of this regimen. Patients and Methods: A multicenter, retrospective, observational, cross-sectional, chart review study was realized in nine hospitals of the Galician Group of Head and Neck Cancer. Eligible population was adult platinum-ineligible patients with R/M SCCHN (unfit to, or after progressing following EXTREME or other platinum-based regimens) that received weekly paclitaxel plus cetuximab regimen as first- or second-line (1L or 2L) between January 2009 and December 2014. The efficacy was evaluated (1L-2L) in regards to overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and safety was assessed as the incidence of adverse events (AEs). Results: Seventy-five R/M-SCCHN patients received the scheme (1L, n=50; 2L: n=25). The mean age of the patients was 59 years (1L, 59.5 years; 2L, 59.2 years), 90% were male (1L, 96%; 2L, 79%), 55% were smokers (1L, 60.4%; 2L, 45.8%), and 61% presented ECOG performance status (PS) 1 (1L, 54%; 2L, 62.5%). Median OS [interquartile range (IQR)] was 8.85 (4.22-40.96) months. Median PFS (IQR) was 8.5 (3.93-12.55) (1L) and 8.8 (5.62-16.91) (2L) months. Disease control rate was 60% (1L) and 85% (2L). Weekly paclitaxel-cetuximab was well tolerated in 1L/2L (cutaneous-toxicity, mucositis, neuropathy; mainly Grade 1-2). No grade 4 AEs were notified in 2L. Conclusion: Weekly paclitaxel-cetuximab is an active and well tolerated therapeutical option in platinum-ineligible or after platinum regimens in R/M-SCCHN patients.
Integración de Scrum y RUP para el desarrollo de software de planes turísticos basado en preferencias de usuario
Authors: Arregocés Isabel , Camargo Martínez Noryana , Díaz Hernández Jesús , Ariza Coronado Maicol
Published: March 2023

The development of mobile applications is a tool to strengthen different business models, including in the tourism sector. However, we noticed that frequent travelers do not have a recommendation mechanism to choose the places to visit and which routes they could take depending on their preferences and budget. In this work, a hybrid methodology for software development, risk analysis and a proposal for quality assurance is proposed. In addition, a software prototype is presented that has patterns to generate different tourist plans so that users can have a better experience and take advantage of their time without worrying what the next route will be before each stop. This application will have a home page where the user will be able to register and create their unique account where they will carry out a survey that will be used as a pattern to choose the shortest and most economical places, sites, and routes. The use of the hybrid methodology allowed identifying the functional and non-functional requirements, so that the software could be adjusted to the user's needs under the fulfillment of time and quality conditions.
Effects of Music on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Potential Application in Serious Video Games: Systematic Review
Authors: Martin-Moratinos Marina , Bella-Fernández Marcos , Blasco-Fontecilla Hilario
Published: March 2023

Background

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a considerable impact on an individual’s daily life. Some difficulties with timing deficits may be associated with deficiencies in attention, reading, language skills, or executive function. Music therapy, either active (playing an instrument) or passive (listening to music) has demonstrated its efficacy in reducing symptomatology in many disorders. Video games may prove to be a useful assessment and treatment tool in compensating for the difficulties with multimodal treatment in ADHD.

Objective

The aim of the study is to (1) analyze the evidence that music is beneficial in reducing the symptomatology of ADHD using systematic review and (2) propose the application of music in video games following music therapy strategies.

Methods

Searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane, and gray literature (Google Scholar and WorldCat). We used the following search syntax: ((music[Title/Abstract]) or (music therapy[Title/Abstract])) and (attention deficit disorder[MeSH or thesaurus term]).

Results

Of the 70 records identified, 17 provided findings that music can be beneficial in various domains of ADHD. Active music therapy improves hemispheric synchrony, social skills, aggressivity, and impulsivity. Passive music therapy improves academic skills like arithmetic, drawing, and reading comprehension, as well as attention and disruptive behaviors. The effects depend on the music genre, tempo, or task difficulty. Music in video games was generally found to be beneficial for people with ADHD. Music improves immersion and flow while playing video games. Using rhythm may also improve timing skills and immersion in patients with ADHD. Regarding the proposed application of aspects of music to therapeutic video games for ADHD, some paradigms in timing and music therapy were considered in the proposed design of video games.

Conclusions

Improving ADHD treatment through the application of music in video games is proposed.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42021288226; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=288226
Public Attitudes Toward Anxiety Disorder on Sina Weibo: Content Analysis
Authors: Zhu Jianghong , Li Zepeng , Zhang Xiu , Zhang Zhenwen , Hu Bin
Published: March 2023

Background

Anxiety disorder has become a major clinical and public health problem, causing a significant economic burden worldwide. Public attitudes toward anxiety can impact the psychological state, help-seeking behavior, and social activities of people with anxiety disorder.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to explore public attitudes toward anxiety disorders and the changing trends of these attitudes by analyzing the posts related to anxiety disorders on Sina Weibo, a Chinese social media platform that has about 582 million users, as well as the psycholinguistic and topical features in the text content of the posts.

Methods

From April 2018 to March 2022, 325,807 Sina Weibo posts with the keyword “anxiety disorder” were collected and analyzed. First, we analyzed the changing trends in the number and total length of posts every month. Second, a Chinese Linguistic Psychological Text Analysis System (TextMind) was used to analyze the changing trends in the language features of the posts, in which 20 linguistic features were selected and presented. Third, a topic model (biterm topic model) was used for semantic content analysis to identify specific themes in Weibo users’ attitudes toward anxiety.

Results

The changing trends in the number and the total length of posts indicated that anxiety-related posts significantly increased from April 2018 to March 2022 (R2=0.6512; P<.001 to R2=0.8133; P<.001, respectively) and were greatly impacted by the beginning of a new semester (spring/fall). The analysis of linguistic features showed that the frequency of the cognitive process (R2=0.1782; P=.003), perceptual process (R2=0.1435; P=.008), biological process (R2=0.3225; P<.001), and assent words (R2=0.4412; P<.001) increased significantly over time, while the frequency of the social process words (R2=0.2889; P<.001) decreased significantly, and public anxiety was greatly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Feature correlation analysis showed that the frequencies of words related to work and family are almost negatively correlated with those of other psychological words. Semantic content analysis identified 5 common topical areas: discrimination and stigma, symptoms and physical health, treatment and support, work and social, and family and life. Our results showed that the occurrence probability of the topical area “discrimination and stigma” reached the highest value and averagely accounted for 26.66% in the 4-year period. The occurrence probability of the topical area “family and life” (R2=0.1888; P=.09) decreased over time, while that of the other 4 topical areas increased.

Conclusions

The findings of our study indicate that public discrimination and stigma against anxiety disorder remain high, particularly in the aspects of self-denial and negative emotions. People with anxiety disorders should receive more social support to reduce the impact of discrimination and stigma.
Biological Effects of Indigenous Entomopathogenic Fungi and Their Application Methods on Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Minarni Endang Warih , Nurtiati Nurtiati , Istiqomah Dina
Published: March 2023

Spodoptera frugiperda is a new pest in Indonesia that attacks corn and can cause up to 100 percent damageon young plants. As an invasive pest, information on potential indigenous natural enemies that cancontrol this pest is needed. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi and their application methods on mortality, feeding activity, growth, fecundity, and fertility of S. frugiperda. This study used a factorial Completely Randomized Block Design (RCBD) method consisting of 10 treatments. Treatmentstested werecombination of fungi species, namely Fusarium sp., Aspergillus oryzae, Entomophthora sp. with conidia density 109 ml-1, distilled water and cypermethrin at concentration of 1 ml.L-1 as a control. Two application techniques used were direct application on S. frugiperda larvae and diet test. Each treatment was repeated three times resulting in30 experimental units. Variables observed included mortality, feeding activity, growth, fecundity, and fertility of S. frugiperda. Results showed that the three fungi and cypermethrin treatment did not cause mortality, but reduced feeding activity, fecundity and fertility of S. frugiperda. Application of entomopathogenic fungi ondietswas more effective than directly spraying S. frugiperda larvae. The best treatment combination that suppressed feeding activity was the application of Aspergillus oryzae sprayed on S. frugiperda diet.It was also suspected that S. frugiperda larvae used in this test had developed resistance to cypermethrin.
Preliminary Valuation Activity of Calotropis gigantea L. Extracts against Several Insect Pests
Authors: Khasanah Nur , Martono Edhi , Trisyono Y. Andi , Wijonarko Arman
Published: March 2023

Calotropis gigantea produces secondary metabolites. Some toxicity tests on several pest species had been conducted, yet the most susceptible pest species towards C. gigantea extract is still unknown. This study aims to determine the susceptible insect species and study the behavior of susceptible insects to C. gigantea extract. The test methods used in this research were leaf dipping and spraying upon four insect pest species of different orders (Bactrocera carambolae [Diptera: Tephritidae], Nilapavata lugens [Hemiptera: Delphacidae], Sitophilus zeamais [Coleoptera: Curculionidae], and Plutella xylostella [Lepidoptera: Plutellidae]). The concentration used to determine susceptible insects was 25 g.L-1 and control. Deterrence test of susceptible insects using a choice test and no-choice for 1.5 hours observed every five minutes. Five replication were used for each concentration. Behavioral test of susceptible insects using dietary toxicity test. Five bok choy leaf disc was immersed into solutions for 1 minute and air-dried on a petri dish. Observations were carried out for 12 hours with an observation period of every 1.5 hours. A leaf dipping test for 12 hours with an observation period of every 1.5 hours using the feed method. The concentrations used were 12.5 µgL-1and control. The concentration used was the toxicity test of C. gigantea leaf extract 25, 12.50, 6.25. 3.12, 1.56, 0.78, 0.39, 0.19, 0.09, 0.04 µgL-1. P. xylostella was considered a more susceptible test insect towards C. gigantea leaf extract than B. carambolae, N. lugens, and S. zeamais. C. gigantea leaf extract showed a toxic and feeding deterrent to P. xylostella larvae. The LC50 value of C. gigantea extract against P. xylostella by dipping was 16.9 µg.l-1 and 18.5 µg.l-1 by spray. The components of C. gigantea leaf extract consist of alkaloid, tannin, phenol, flavonoid, saponin, and terpenoid. The result of the research showed that C. gigantea leaf extract has a toxic and deterrent substance against P. xylostella and potential to control P. xylostella.
A Scientometric and Bibliometric Analysis for Actinomycetes Research - Current Status and Future Trends
Authors: Syahri Syahri , Somantri Renny Utami
Published: March 2023

Actinomycetes are Gram-positive filamentous bacteria used as biocontrol agents against pathogens. Currently, little research on actinomycetes has been published in Indonesia. The study provides issues related to the most relevant keywords in actinomycetes, the most productive authors and countries on actinomycetes research, current research on actinomycetes, and future topics in actinomycetes research. This paper aims to understand the current status and trend of research on actinomycetes in biological control, especially their acts as biocontrol agents. We used VOSviewer and CiteSpace software to perform a scientometric and bibliometric analysis. Out of 452 Scopus publications published between 1971 and 2022. Research on actinomycetes has increased rapidly since 2000, leading to an exponential trend. The result shows that >50% of papers focus on Agricultural and Biological Sciences and indicate that actinomycetes are mainly applied as biocontrol agents. China is the most documented and powerful country, followed by the United States and Iran. In contrast, Indonesia ranks 19th in the world with nine published papers. Scientometric analysis shows Shahidi Bonjar nominated as the strongest citation burst author (4.01). Their topic is mainly on the biological control of pathogens by Actinomycetes, especially Streptomyces sp., while fungi are a dominant pathogen. These findings are related to bibliometric analysis, showing Streptomyces spp. and fungi are two primary keywords in the Scopus database, found on 183 and 139 documents. We found actinomycete research focuses on their ability to manage plant diseases naturally. In the future, we predict actinobacterial research is still essential to biological control, particularly those involving Streptomyces species. Also, several important topics are associated with their activities in controlling pests (nematode), postharvest disease, and growth promoter ability.
Aggregation Enabled Alkene Insertion into Carbon--Halogen Bonds
Authors: Li Meng-Yao , Nong Xiao-Mei , Xiao Han , Gu Ao , Zhai Shuyang , Li Jiatong , Zhang Ge , Xue Ze-Jian , Liu Yingbin , Li Chunsen , Lin Guo-Qiang , Feng Chen-Guo
Published: March 2023

Molecular aggregation affects the electronic interactions between
molecules and has emerged as a powerful tool in material science.
Molecular aggregation finds wide applications in the research of new
physical effects; however, its value for chemical reaction development
has been far less explored. Herein, we report the development of
aggregation-enabled alkene insertion into carbon–halogen bonds. The
spontaneous cleavage of C–X (X = Cl, Br, or I) bonds generates an
intimate ion pair, which can be quickly captured by alkenes in the
aggregated state. Additional catalysts or promoters are not necessary
under such circumstances, and solvent quenching experiments indicate
that the aggregated state is critical for initiating such sequences. The
ionic insertion mode and the intimate ion pair mechanism are supported
by mechanistic studies, density functional theory calculations, and
symmetry-adapted perturbation theory analysis. Results show that the
non-aggregated state may quench the transition state and terminate the
insertion process.
Molecular binding of different classes of organophosphates to methyl parathion hydrolase from Ochrobactrum species
Authors: Rungrotmongkol Thanyada , Bhat Nayana , Nutho Bodee , Hanpaibool Chonnikan , Hadsadee Sarinya , Vangnai Alisa
Published: March 2023

Methyl parathion hydrolase (MPH) is an enzyme of the metallo-β-lactamase
superfamily, which hydrolyses a wide range of organophosphates (OP).
Recently, MPH has attracted attention as a promising enzymatic
bioremediator. The crystal structure of MPH enzyme shows a dimeric form,
with each subunit containing a binuclear metal ion center. MPH also
demonstrates metal ion-dependent selectivity patterns. The origins of
these patterns remain unclear but are linked to open questions about the
more general role of metal ions in functional evolution and divergence
within enzyme superfamilies. We aimed to investigate and compare the
binding of different OP pesticides to MPH with cobalt(II) metal ions. In
this study, MPH was modelled from Ochrobactrum sp. with two
different classes of OP pesticides bound, including phosphomonoester
(methyl paraoxon and dichlorvos) and S-substituted
thiophsphotriester (profenofos). The docked structures for each
substrate optimized by DFT calculation was selected and subjected to
atomistic molecular dynamics simulations for 500 ns. It was found that
alpha metal ions did not coordinate with all the pesticides. Rather, the
pesticides coordinated with less buried beta metal ions. It was also
observed that the coordination of beta metal ions was perturbed to
accommodate the bulky pesticides. The binding free energy calculations
and structure-based pharmacophore model revealed that all the three
substrates could bind well at the active site. However, profenofos
exhibits the stronger binding affinity to MPH in comparison to other two
substrates. Therefore, the ability of the in silico analysis
presented here could be informative for increasing enzyme stability and
activity.
HTGB and HCI stress induced variability in the nanowire Si MOSFETs
Authors: BEKADDOUR A. , GHIBAUDO Gérard
Published: March 2023

This paper presents the room temperature performance of Si MOSFET
nanowires subjected to NBTI (Negative Bias temperature Instability) and
HCI (Hot Carrier Injection) stress. The static and dynamic
characterizations were carried out with an enormous amount of stress
adequate for a trapping / detrapping corresponding to NBTI and HCI. A
simulated aging test bench has been designed to evaluate the lifetime of
trapping / detrapping loads under resistive stress with an ambient
temperature of 300K.
Direct vagus nerve stimulation: A new tool to control allergic airway inflammation through α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
Authors: Sévoz-Couche Caroline , Liao Wupeng , Foo Hazel Yu Ci , Bonne Isabelle , Beng Lu Thong , Hui Caris Tan Qi , Peh Wendy Yen Xian , Yen Shih-Cheng , Wong Wai Shui Fred
Published: March 2023

Background and Purpose Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation,
mucus hypersecretion and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). The
activation of cholinergic anti‐inflammatory pathway (CAP) through
nicotinic agents has been shown to control experimental asthma. Yet, the
effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS)-induced CAP on allergic
inflammation remain unknown. Experimental Approach BALB/c mice were
sensitized and challenged with house dust mite (HDM) extract, and
treated with active VNS (5Hz, 0.5 ms, 0.1 mA). Bronchoalveolar lavage
(BAL) ﬂuid was assessed for total and differential cell counts and
cytokine levels. Lungs were examined by histopathology and electron
microscopy. AHR in response to methacholine was also measured. Key
Results In the HDM mouse asthma model, active but not sham VNS reduced
BAL fluid total and differential cell counts, blocked mucus
hypersecretion and suppressed choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)
expression in bronchial epithelial cells. Besides, active VNS also
abated HDM-induced elevation of type 2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-5.
Furthermore, goblet cell hyperplasia and collagen deposition were
diminished in VNS-treated mice. Mechanistically, VNS was found to block
the phosphorylation of transcription factor STAT6 and the level of IRF4
in total lung lysates. Finally, VNS abrogated methacholine-induced AHR
in asthma mice. Therapeutic effects of VNS were abolished by prior
administration with α-bungarotoxin, a specific inhibitor of α7 nicotinic
receptors (α7nAChR). Conclusion Our data revealed the protective effects
of VNS on various clinical features in allergic airway inflammation
model. VNS, a clinically approved therapy for depression and epilepsy,
appears to be a promising new strategy for controlling allergic asthma
through α7nAChR.
Guided analysis of ambient ionization mass spectrometry data with the MQ_Assistant
Authors: Guillén-Alonso Héctor , García-Rojas Nancy Shyrley , Winkler R
Published: March 2023

RATIONALE Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) delivers realistic
data from samples in their native state. In addition, AIMS methods
reduce time and costs for sample preparation and have less environmental
impact. However, AIMS data are often complex and require substantial
processing before interpretation. METHODS We developed an interactive R
script for the guided processing of mass spectrometry (MS) data. The
‘MQ_Assistant’ is based on MALDIquant, a popular R package for MS data
processing. In each step, the user can try and pre-view the effect of
chosen parameters before deciding on the values with the best result and
proceeding to the next stage. The outcome of the MQ_Assistant is a
feature matrix that can be further analyzed in R and statistics tools
such as MetaboAnalyst. RESULTS Using 360 AIMS example spectra, we
demonstrate the step-by-step processing for creating a feature matrix.
In addition, we show how to visualize the results of tree biological
replicates of a plant-microbe interaction between Arabidopsis and
Trichoderma as a heatmap using R and upload them to MetaboAnalyst. The
final parameter set can be saved for reuse in MALDIquant workflows of
similar data. CONCLUSIONS The MQ_Assistant helps novices and
experienced users to develop workflows for (AI)MS data processing. The
interactive procedure supports the quick finding of appropriate
settings. These parameters can be exported and reused in future
projects. The step-wise operation with visual feedback also suggests the
use of the MQ_Assistant in education.
Andrographolide protects mice from influenza A induced-pneumonia via regulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Wen , Wei Zhenqiao , Sun Zhen , Shi Jingqi , He Qi , Wang Chenhui , Zhang Xiaochang , Li Qingyu , Gao Rui , Qi Dongmei , Wang Xiaolong , Huang Manqiong , Li Wenqian , Jiao Yuanyuan , Zhou Zhe , Xing Yaling , Wang Shengqi
Published: March 2023

Influenza A virus (IAV) infection causes a frenzied host response, which
promotes acute lung inflammation. Andrographolide, an active component
extracted from Andrographis paniculate, exerts significant
inhibitive effects on acute inflammation induced by IAV. However, the
molecular mechanism of the anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects
remains poorly understood. Here, we found that andrographolide reduced
mortality, alleviated body weight loss, and decreased lung index and
inflammatory cytokines secretion rather than inhibiting viral
replication. Further study with RNA-seq analysis revealed that the
PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is significantly activated in the lungs of
andrographolide-treated mice. The phosphorylated AKT and PI3K were
significantly increased after andrographolide intervention by Western
blot. Moreover, [pyroptosis](javascript:;)-related proteins, and
downstream pathways of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, including
cleaved-caspase 3 and GSDME-N, were decreased. The protective effect of
andrographolide was significantly reduced after treatment with an AKT
inhibitor. In summary, our findings suggested that andrographolide
exerts a protective effect on IAV-induced [pneumonia](javascript:;)
by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which may represent a
novel therapeutic strategy for IAV infection.
Mobbing at the Workplace: Under time pressure and overload of work
Authors: Cosar Kubra , Tokatlioglu Yagmur , Sulku Seher Nur
Published: March 2023

In the context of capitalist labour market, employers expect a lot of
work from their employees in a short time to maximize their profits and
this reveal the time pressure or overload of work as an element of
mobbing. As changing world conditions made it necessary to reconsider
the definition of mobbing, in our study we included time pressure and
overload of work in definition of mobbing and analysed the odds of
facing mobbing at the workplace via logistic regression using a
nationally representative Health Survey of Turkey Micro Data Set 2012
considering a sample of 7,377 employed & 15+ aged individuals
considering a large group of independent variables as factors. Firstly,
it is seen that the prevalence of mobbing was 22.87% and being female,
being young, low educated, having chronic mental diseases, significantly
increasing chance of being under exposure to mobbing. We found that work
difficulty is increasing the mobbing risk almost 6 times. Also, people
working in human health sector are mobbed more than 2 times compared to
the working in education sector.