bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The German Foreign Ministry Archives and African Material
Authors: Presseisen E. , Duignan P.
Published: June 2019

The defeat of Germany in 1945 has made available to scholars archival collections of the greatest importance. Most of the captured collections were shipped to England or the United States, where they were microfilmed and indexed before the new German government could request their return. The sale of microfilm copies has assured their continued availability to scholars everywhere, and the Bonn authorities have made no efforts to withdraw the original materials from public use. Among these materials are the archives of the German Foreign Ministry (Auswärtiges Amt). A guide to this collection was prepared by the Committee for the Study of War Documents of the American Historical Association, and was published in 1959 as A Catalogue of Files and Microfilms of the German Foreign Ministry Archives, 1867-1920. (The Hoover Institution is publishing the continuation of this catalogue for the period 1920-45. Copies may be secured through the Institution.)
American Missionary Archives and Manuscript Collections for Africa
Authors: Collins R. , Duignan P.
Published: June 2019

Considering the extent of American missionary, commercial, governmental, and individual contacts with Africa since 1619, there must be a considerable amount of African-related archival and manuscript material in the United States. Yet little is known about the scope or volume of this potential scholarly resource.

The Africana Newsletter hopes to remedy this by the regular publication of brief surveys of American archives and manuscript collections. Contributions of such surveys as are offered below will be welcomed.
Perioperative serum albumin and its influence on clinical outcomes in neonates and infants undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a multi-centre retrospective study
Authors: Henry Brandon M. , Borasino Santiago , Ortmann Laura , Figueroa Mayte , Rahman A.K.M. Fazlur , Hock Kristal M. , Briceno-Medina Mario , Alten Jeffrey A.
Published: June 2019

Hypoalbuminemia is associated with morbidity and mortality in critically ill children. In this multi-centre retrospective study, we aimed to determine normative values of serum albumin in neonates and infants with congenital heart disease, evaluate perioperative changes in albumin levels, and determine if low serum albumin influences post-operative outcomes. Consecutive eligible neonates and infants who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass at one of three medical centres, January 2012–August 2013, were included. Data on serum albumin levels from five data points (pre-operative, 0–24, 24–48, 48–72, 72 hours post-operative) were collected. Median pre-operative serum albumin level was 2.5 g/dl (IQR, 2.1–2.8) in neonates versus 4 g/dl (IQR, 3.5–4.4) in infants. Hypoalbuminemia was defined as <25th percentile of these values. A total of 203 patients (126 neonates, 77 infants) were included in the study. Post-operative hypoalbuminemia developed in 12% of neonates and 20% of infants; 97% occurred in the first 48 hours. In multivariable analysis, perioperative hypoalbuminemia was not independently associated with any post-operative morbidity. However, when analysed as a continuous variable, lower serum albumin levels were associated with increased post-operative morbidity. Pre-operative low serum albumin level was independently associated with increased odds of post-operative hypoalbuminemia (OR, 3.67; 95% CI, 1.01–13.29) and prolonged length of hospital stay (RR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.08–1.82). Lower 0–24-hour post-operative serum albumin level was independently associated with an increased duration of mechanical ventilation (RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.12–1.64). Future studies should further assess hypoalbuminemia in this population, with emphasis on evaluating clinically meaningful cut-offs and possibly the use of serum albumin levels in perioperative risk stratification models.
Potential risk factors for Ebstein anomaly, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2011
Authors: Downing Karrie F. , Riehle-Colarusso Tiffany , Gilboa Suzanne M. , Lin Angela E. , Oster Matthew E. , Tinker Sarah C. , Farr Sherry L. ,   the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: June 2019

Background:

Ebstein anomaly is a rare congenital heart defect (CHD) that, when severe, requires corrective surgery or other catheter-based intervention in the first year of life. Due to its rarity, risk factors for Ebstein anomaly remain largely unknown. Using national data, we examined 18 potential risk factors for Ebstein anomaly.

Methods:

Using 1997–2011 data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a population-based case–control study, we calculated crude and adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for paternal age, maternal socio-demographics, reproductive history, and modifiable risk factors, and infant characteristics reported by mothers of 135 Ebstein anomaly cases and 11,829 controls.

Results:

Mothers of Ebstein anomaly cases had 4.1 (95% confidence interval: 1.8, 9.5) times the odds of reporting a family history of CHD compared with mothers of controls. Ebstein anomaly was associated with maternal second-hand cigarette smoke exposure at home (odds ratio = 2.2 [95% confidence interval: 1.1, 4.4]), but not maternal cigarette smoking (odds ratio = 1.3 [95% confidence interval: 0.8, 2.1]). Odds were elevated, but the 95% confidence interval included 1.0, for maternal marijuana use (odds ratio = 1.8 [95% confidence interval: 0.9, 3.8]) and paternal age ≥40 years at delivery (odds ratio = 1.9 [95% confidence interval: 1.0, 3.5]).

Conclusions:

Maternal exposure to second-hand cigarette smoke at home and a family history of CHD were associated with elevated odds of Ebstein anomaly. Genetic analyses could clarify the potential heritability of Ebstein anomaly.
DIETARY DOUBLE-THINK
Authors: Easton Christina
Published: June 2019

This article discusses how difficult it is to be morally consistent when choosing what to eat. Applying a moral justification in a consistent manner may result in some unorthodox diets. I distinguish two ways in which we might be inconsistent in our approach to food. We might fail to apply our morals in a consistent way, or we might fail to put our morals into practice at all. I argue that the latter represents a greater failing. Given the complexity of making food choices, the former is more excusable.
WHAT'S THE POINT OF A DREAMING ARGUMENT?
Authors: Stapleford Scott
Published: June 2019

In this article, I argue that dreaming arguments are no cause for alarm.
Corn (Zea mays L.) response to sublethal rates of paraquat and fomesafen at vegetative growth stages
Authors: Sperry Benjamin P. , Lawrence Benjamin H. , Bond Jason A. , Reynolds Daniel B. , Golden Bobby R. , Edwards Henry M.
Published: June 2019

Research was conducted from 2013 to 2015 across three sites in Mississippi to evaluate corn response to sublethal paraquat or fomesafen (105 and 35 g ai ha−1, respectively) applied PRE, or to corn at the V1, V3, V5, V7, or V9 growth stages. Fomesafen injury to corn at three d after treatment (DAT) ranged from 0% to 38%, and declined over time. Compared with the nontreated control (NTC), corn height 14 DAT was reduced approximately 15% due to fomesafen exposure at V5 or V7. Exposure at V1 or V7 resulted in 1,220 and 1,110 kg ha−1 yield losses, respectively, compared with the NTC, but yield losses were not observed at any other growth stage. Fomesafen exposure at any growth stage did not affect corn ear length or number of kernel rows relative to the NTC. Paraquat injury to corn ranged from 26% to 65%, depending on growth stage and evaluation interval. Corn exposure to paraquat at V3 or V5 consistently caused greater injury across evaluation intervals, compared with other growth stages. POST timings of paraquat exposure resulted in corn height reductions of 13% to 50%, except at V7, which was most likely due to rapid internode elongation at that stage. Likewise, yield loss occurred after all exposure times of paraquat except PRE, compared with the NTC. Corn yield was reduced 1,740 to 5,120 kg ha−1 compared with the NTC, generally worsening as exposure time was delayed. Paraquat exposure did not reduce corn ear length, compared with the NTC, at any growth stage. However, paraquat exposure at V3 or V5 was associated with reduction of kernel rows by 1.1 and 1.7, respectively, relative to the NTC. Paraquat and fomesafen applications near corn should be avoided if conditions are conducive for off-target movement, because significant injury and yield loss can result.
Dinosaurs Roar Again, Now Including a Focus on Climate Change
Authors: Showstack Randy
Published: June 2019

The newly renovated fossil hall at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History features spectacular fossils and includes a theme of human impact on life on Earth.
H‐D Interdiffusion in Single‐Crystal Olivine: Implications for Electrical Conductivity in the Upper Mantle
Authors: Sun Wei , Yoshino Takashi , Kuroda Minami , Sakamoto Naoya , Yurimoto Hisayoshi
Published: June 2019

Knowledge of water content and distribution in the Earth's mantle is critical to understanding the geochemical evolution and geodynamic processes of the Earth, since water can incorporate into nominally anhydrous minerals at high pressure and dramatically affect the chemical and physical properties of mantle minerals. Hydrogen diffusion controls the transport of water and electrical conductivity in the deep Earth but is not fully understood for olivine, the most abundant mineral in the upper mantle. Here we present new hydrogen self‐diffusion coefficients determined from interdiffusion in H‐ and D‐doped olivine single‐crystal couples at the upper mantle conditions (3–13 GPa and 1,000–1,300 K). Present activation enthalpy for hydrogen migration is significant smaller than previous work determined within a limited measured temperature range. Parallel interdiffusion experiments with diversified water concentrations demonstrated that hydrogen diffusivity strongly accelerated by the water content in olivine. The geometric average diffusion coefficient on olivine is showed as a function of temperature and water content:
. Combined with the Nernst‐Einstein relation, the present results can constrain the contribution of water to the electrical conductivity on olivine. It suggests that in situ conductivity measurements on hydrous olivine at low temperatures (<1,000 K) produced too low activation enthalpy to extrapolate to the higher temperatures. Comparison with previous results by conductivity measurements on single‐crystal olivine suggests that the literature data except for Dai and Karato (2014) might overestimate water effect on conductivity because of heterogeneity of synthetic single crystals. Because of a change of dominant hydrogen diffusion mechanism at high temperature, this study suggests that the modeling of mantle conductivity with a high activation enthalpy from diffusion data is more trustworthy. Considering a reevaluated activation enthalpy on hydrogen diffusion and water solubility in olivine, comparisons between present conductivity model and geophysical observations suggest that hydration of olivine cannot account for extremely high conductive values (10−2–10−1 S/m) observed in the oceanic asthenosphere.
Uncertainty in the Representation of Orography in Weather and Climate Models and Implications for Parameterized Drag
Authors: Elvidge Andrew D. , Sandu Irina , Wedi Nils , Vosper Simon B. , Zadra Ayrton , Boussetta Souhail , Bouyssel François , van Niekerk Annelize , Tolstykh Mikhail A. , Ujiie Masashi
Published: June 2019

The representation of orographic drag remains a major source of uncertainty for numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate models. Its accuracy depends on contributions from both the model grid‐scale orography and the subgrid‐scale orography (SSO). Different models use different source orography data sets and different methodologies to derive these orography fields. This study presents the first comparison of orography fields across several operational global NWP models. It also investigates the sensitivity of an orographic drag parameterization to the intermodel spread in SSO fields and the resulting implications for representing the Northern Hemisphere winter circulation in a NWP model. The intermodel spread in both the grid‐scale orography and the SSO fields is found to be considerable. This is due to differences in the underlying source data set employed and in the manner in which this data set is processed (in particular how it is smoothed and interpolated) to generate the model fields. The sensitivity of parameterized orographic drag to the intermodel variability in SSO fields is shown to be considerable and dominated by the influence of two SSO fields: the standard deviation and the mean gradient of the SSO. NWP model sensitivity experiments demonstrate that the intermodel spread in these fields is of first‐order importance to the intermodel spread in parameterized surface stress, and to current known systematic model biases. The revealed importance of the SSO fields supports careful reconsideration of how these fields are generated, guiding future development of orographic drag parameterizations and reevaluation of the resolved impacts of orography on the flow.
Reversing the direction of heat flow using quantum correlations
Authors: Micadei Kaonan , Peterson John P. S. , Souza Alexandre M. , Sarthour Roberto S. , Oliveira Ivan S. , Landi Gabriel T. , Batalhão Tiago B. , Serra Roberto M. , Lutz Eric
Published: June 2019

Heat spontaneously flows from hot to cold in standard thermodynamics. However, the latter theory presupposes the absence of initial correlations between interacting systems. We here experimentally demonstrate the reversal of heat flow for two quantum correlated spins-1/2, initially prepared in local thermal states at different effective temperatures, employing a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance setup. We observe a spontaneous energy flow from the cold to the hot system. This process is enabled by a trade off between correlations and entropy that we quantify with information-theoretical quantities. These results highlight the subtle interplay of quantum mechanics, thermodynamics and information theory. They further provide a mechanism to control heat on the microscale.
SAGA DUBm-mediated surveillance regulates prompt export of stress-inducible transcripts for proteostasis
Authors: Kim Minhoo , Choi Yoonjung , Kim Harim , Lee Daeyoup
Published: June 2019

During stress, prompt export of stress-inducible transcripts is critical for cell survival. Here, we characterize a function of the SAGA (Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase) deubiquitylating module (DUBm) in monitoring messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) biogenesis to regulate non-canonical mRNA export of stress-inducible transcripts. Our genetic and biochemical analyses suggest that there is a functional relationship between Sgf73p of DUBm and the essential mRNA export factor, Yra1p. Under physiological conditions, Sgf73p is critical for the proper chromatin localization and RNA binding of Yra1p, while also quality controlling the biogenesis of mRNPs in conjunction with the nuclear exosome exonuclease, Rrp6p. Under environmental stress, when immediate transport of stress-inducible transcripts is imperative, Sgf73p facilitates the bypass of canonical surveillance and promotes the timely export of necessary transcripts. Overall, our results show that the Sgf73p-mediated plasticity of gene expression is important for the ability of cells to tolerate stress and regulate proteostasis to survive under environmental uncertainty.
Author Correction: Low-Temperature Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction Grown Anatase TiO2 Nanocrystalline Films for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cell and Gas Sensor Applications
Authors: Shaikh Shoyebmohamad F. , Ghule Balaji G. , Nakate Umesh T. , Shinde Pritamkumar V. , Ekar Satish U. , O’Dwyer Colm , Kim Kwang Ho , Mane Rajaram S.
Published: June 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Protein kinase A inhibits tumor mutator APOBEC3B through phosphorylation
Authors: Matsumoto Tadahiko , Shirakawa Kotaro , Yokoyama Masaru , Fukuda Hirofumi , Sarca Anamaria Daniela , Koyabu Sukenao , Yamazaki Hiroyuki , Kazuma Yasuhiro , Matsui Hiroyuki , Maruyama Wataru , Nagata Kayoko , Tanabe Fumiko , Kobayashi Masayuki , Shindo Keisuke , Morishita Ryo , Sato Hironori , Takaori-Kondo Akifumi
Published: June 2019

APOBEC3B cytidine deaminase (A3B) catalyzes cytosine into uracil in single-strand DNA and induces C-to-T mutations in genomic DNA of various types of tumors. Accumulation of APOBEC signature mutations is correlated with a worse prognosis for patients with breast cancer or multiple myeloma, suggesting that A3B activity might be a cause of the unfavorable DNA mutations and clonal evolution in these tumors. Phosphorylation of conserved threonine residues of other cytidine deaminases, activation induced deaminase (AID) and APOBEC3G, inhibits their activity. Here we show that protein kinase A (PKA) physically binds to A3B and phosphorylates Thr214. In vitro deaminase assays and foreign DNA editing assays in cells confirm that phosphomimetic A3B mutants, T214D and T214E, completely lose deaminase activity. Molecular dynamics simulation of A3B phosphorylation reveals that Thr214 phosphorylation disrupts binding between the phospho-A3B catalytic core and ssDNA. These mutants still inhibit retroviral infectivity at least partially, and also retain full anti-retrotransposition activity. These results imply that PKA-mediated phosphorylation inhibits A3B mutagenic activity without destructing its innate immune functions. Therefore, PKA activation could reduce further accumulation of mutations in A3B overexpressing tumors.
Publisher Correction: In silico discovery of a FOXM1 driven embryonal signaling pathway in therapy resistant neuroblastoma tumors
Authors: Vanhauwaert Suzanne , Decaesteker Bieke , De Brouwer Sara , Leonelli Carina , Durinck Kaat , Mestdagh Pieter , Vandesompele Jo , Sermon Karen , Denecker Geertrui , Van Neste Christophe , Speleman Frank , De Preter Katleen
Published: June 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Towards a global arctic-alpine model for Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) predictions of foliar nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon content
Authors: Murguzur Francisco Javier Ancin , Bison Marjorie , Smis Adriaan , Böhner Hanna , Struyf Eric , Meire Patrick , Bråthen Kari Anne
Published: June 2019

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a high-throughput technology with potential to infer nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and carbon (C) content of all vascular plants based on empirical calibrations with chemical analysis, but is currently limited to the sample populations upon which it is based. Here we provide a first step towards a global arctic-alpine NIRS model of foliar N, P and C content. We found calibration models to perform well (R2validation = 0.94 and RMSEP = 0.20% for N, R2validation = 0.76 and RMSEP = 0.05% for P and R2validation = 0.82 and RMSEP = 1.16% for C), integrating 97 species, nine functional groups, three levels of phenology, a range of habitats and two biogeographic regions (the Alps and Fennoscandia). Furthermore, when applied for predicting foliar N, P and C content in samples from a new biogeographic region (Svalbard), our arctic-alpine NIRS model performed well. The precision of the resulting NIRS method meet international requirements, indicating one NIRS measurement scan of a foliar sample will predict its N, P and C content with precision according to standard method performance. The modelling scripts for the prediction of foliar N, P and C content using NIRS along with the calibration models upon which the predictions are based are provided. The modelling scripts can be applied in other labs, and can easily be expanded with data from new biogeographic regions of interest, building the global arctic-alpine model.
Lunar cycles and rainy seasons drive growth and reproduction in nummulitid foraminifera, important producers of carbonate buildups
Authors: Hohenegger Johann , Kinoshita Shunichi , Briguglio Antonino , Eder Wolfgang , Wöger Julia
Published: June 2019

Representatives of the foraminifer Nummulites are important in Earth history for timing Cenozoic shallow-water carbonates. Taphonomic complexity explains the construction of carbonate buildups, but reproduction and life span of the constructing individuals are unknown. During the 15-month investigation period, asexually reproduced schizonts and gamonts showed equal proportions in the first half of this period, whereas gamonts predominated in the second half. Oscillations in cell growth are mainly caused by light intensities during chamber construction when minor differences in water depth increase the photosynthetic rate of endosymbiotic diatoms during neap tides. The continuous reproduction rate of N. venosus throughout the year is increased in subtropical calms by higher summer temperatures and the marginal input of inorganic nutrients during rainy seasons. The expected life span of both gamonts and schizonts are 18 months.
Low invasion success of an invasive cyanobacterium in a chlorophyte dominated lake
Authors: Bolius Sarah , Wiedner Claudia , Weithoff Guntram
Published: June 2019

Biological invasions are a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Successful invasions depend on the interplay of multiple abiotic and biotic factors, however, the process of the invasion itself is often overlooked. The temporal variation of environmental factors suggests that a ‘window of opportunity’ for successful invasions exists. Especially aquatic habitats, like temperate lakes, undergo pronounced seasonal fluctuations and show temporally varying environmental conditions in e.g. nutrient availability, temperature and the composition of the resident community including competitors and consumers. We experimentally tested if an invasion window for the globally invasive cyanobacteriumCylindrospermopsis raciborskiiexists. From May to September, we determined the invasion success ofC.raciborskiiin laboratory mesocosms with natural lake water. Although the invasion success was generally low, the invasiveness varied among months and differed in total invasive biomass, net development and final share ofC.raciborskiiin the community. During the first days,C.raciborskiistrongly declined and this initial, short-term decline was independent of the ambient consumptive pressure. These results are in contrast to laboratory studies in whichC.raciborskiisuccessfully invaded, suggesting that a complex natural system develops a resistance to invasions.
Fish hosts, glochidia features and life cycle of the endemic freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera dahurica from the Amur Basin
Authors: Vikhrev Ilya V. , Makhrov Alexander A. , Artamonova Valentina S. , Ermolenko Alexey V. , Gofarov Mikhail Y. , Kabakov Mikhail B. , Kondakov Alexander V. , Chukhchin Dmitry G. , Lyubas Artem A. , Bolotov Ivan N.
Published: June 2019

Margaritiferidae is a small freshwater bivalve family with 16 species. In spite of a small number of taxa and long-term history of research, several gaps in our knowledge on the freshwater pearl mussels still exist. Here we present the discovery of host fishes forMargaritifera dahurica, i.e. Lower Amur grayling, sharp-snouted lenok, and blunt-snouted lenok. The host fishes were studied in rivers of the Ussuri Basin. The identification of glochidia and fish hosts was confirmed by DNA analysis. The life cycle ofM.dahuricaand its glochidia are described for the first time. The SEM study of glochidia revealed that the rounded, unhookedMargaritifera dahuricalarvae are similar to those of the other Margaritiferidae.Margaritifera dahuricais a tachytictic breeder, the larvae of which attach to fish gills during the Late August – September and finish the metamorphosis in June. Ancestral host reconstruction and a review of the salmonid - pearl mussel coevolution suggest that the ancestral host of the Margaritiferidae was a non-salmonid fish, while that of the genusMargaritiferamost likely was an early salmonid species or their stem lineage. The overfishing of lenoks and graylings appears to be the most significant threat for this rare mussel species.
TRAV1-2+ CD8+ T-cells including oligoconal expansions of MAIT cells are enriched in the airways in human tuberculosis
Authors: Wong Emily B. , Gold Marielle C. , Meermeier Erin W. , Xulu Bongiwe Z. , Khuzwayo Sharon , Sullivan Zuri A. , Mahyari Eisa , Rogers Zoe , Kløverpris Hénrik , Sharma Prabhat K. , Worley Aneta H. , Lalloo Umesh , Baijnath Prinita , Ambaram Anish , Naidoo Leon , Suleman Moosa , Madansein Rajhmun , McLaren James E. , Ladell Kristin , Miners Kelly L. , Price David A. , Behar Samuel M. , Nielsen Morten , Kasprowicz Victoria O. , Leslie Alasdair , Bishai William R. , Ndung’u Thumbi , Lewinsohn David M.
Published: June 2019

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells typically express a TRAV1-2+semi-invariant TCRα that enables recognition of bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal riboflavin metabolites presented by MR1. MAIT cells are associated with immune control of bacterial and mycobacterial infections in murine models. Here, we report that a population of pro-inflammatory TRAV1-2+CD8+T cells are present in the airways and lungs of healthy individuals and are enriched in bronchoalveolar fluid of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). High-throughput T cell receptor analysis reveals oligoclonal expansions of canonical and donor-unique TRAV1-2+MAIT-consistent TCRα sequences within this population. Some of these cells demonstrate MR1-restricted mycobacterial reactivity and phenotypes suggestive of MAIT cell identity. These findings demonstrate enrichment of TRAV1-2+CD8+T cells with MAIT or MAIT-like features in the airways during active TB and suggest a role for these cells in the human pulmonary immune response toMycobacterium tuberculosis.
Development of a fluorescence sensor array for the discrimination of metal ions and brands of packaged water based on gallate-modified polymer dots
Authors: Li Jiao , Huang Hui , Sun Xue , Song Donghui , Zhao Jingqi , Hou Dongyue , Li Yongxin
Published: June 2019

An efficient method has been found to discriminate different brands of packaged water which achieves to detect counterfeit products in the packaged water market.
A224Ra-labeled polyoxopalladate as a putative radiopharmaceutical
Authors: Gott Matthew , Yang Peng , Kortz Ulrich , Stephan Holger , Pietzsch Hans-Jürgen , Mamat Constantin
Published: June 2019

A facile preparation of polyoxopalladates with enhanced properties containing radium-224 in the core and a protein corona for further functionalization with targeting (bio)molecules for therapeutic applications in oncology is described.
Distinct phosphorylation and dephosphorylation dynamics of protein arginine kinases revealed by fluorescent activity probes
Authors: Jung Hoyoung , Choi Yigun , Lee Donghee , Seo Jeong Kon , Kee Jung-Min
Published: June 2019

Fluorescent activity probes show that a protein arginine kinase, McsB, can also dephosphorylate pArg.
2-Deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase, a remarkably tolerant aldolase towards nucleophile substrates
Authors: Chambre Domitille , Guérard-Hélaine Christine , Darii Ekaterina , Mariage Aline , Petit Jean-Louis , Salanoubat Marcel , de Berardinis Véronique , Lemaire Marielle , Hélaine Virgil
Published: June 2019

A 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase from biodiversity was found, complementary to fructose-6-phosphate aldolase, the only previously known aldolase with a large nucleophile tolerance.
Polarized fluorescence of a crystal having uniaxially oriented molecules by a carbazole-diyl-bridged macrocage
Authors: Hashimoto Hikaru , Inagaki Yusuke , Momma Hiroyuki , Kwon Eunsang , Yamaguchi Kentaro , Setaka Wataru
Published: June 2019

An axially oriented π-electron system is achieved in a single crystal of a macrocage molecule, and polarized fluorescence of the single crystal was observed.
A C20-based 3D carbon allotrope with high thermal conductivity
Authors: Shen Yupeng , Wang Fancy Qian , Liu Jie , Wang Qian
Published: June 2019

A new 3D carbon allotrope composed of C20 as its structural unit is proposed, which is stable and possesses high thermal conductivity due to the weak anharmonicity and large group velocity of phonons in this structure.
State-interaction pair density functional theory for locally avoided crossings of potential energy surfaces in methylamine
Authors: Zhou Chen , Gagliardi Laura , Truhlar Donald G.
Published: June 2019

State-interaction pair-density functional theory agrees well with extended MS-CASPT2 in regions of strong state coupling near conical intersections.
Strain-induced changes to the methanation reaction on thin-film nickel catalysts
Authors: Johnson Benjamin , Guduru Pradeep R. , Peterson Andrew A.
Published: June 2019

We investigate how mechanical strain can directly manipulate the catalytic rate of a purely thermochemical reaction.
Dual role of a g-C3N4/carbon intra-Schottky junction in charge carrier generation and separation for efficient solar H2 production
Authors: Shaheer A. R. Mahammed , Karthik P. , Karthik G. , Shankar M. V. , Neppolian B.
Published: June 2019

Intra-Schottky junction facilitated charge carrier generation and separation in g-C3N4 for efficient solar H2 production.
Kinetic investigation of the dissociation of dinuclear hierarchically assembled titanium(iv) helicates
Authors: Van Craen David , Schlottmann Marcel , Stahl Wolfgang , Räuber Christoph , Albrecht Markus
Published: June 2019

Hierarchically assembled helicates consisting of lithium-bridged triscatecholate titanium(iv) complexes represent a powerful self-assembled supramolecular system with applications as e.g. molecular balances for the evaluation of weak interactions, stereoselectivity switches in asymmetric synthesis or molecular switches.
Guest encapsulations in non-porous crystals of fully fluorinated dinuclear metal complexes with the M2O2 core (M = Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+)
Authors: Gonda Ryu , Rzeznicka Izabela I. , Kinoshita Yuki , Uchida Sayaka , Hori Akiko
Published: June 2019

Two different coordination types of fully fluorinated dinuclear metal complexes, [Fe2L4(OMe)2] and [M2L4(OH2)2] (M = Co2+, Ni2+), form non-porous crystals, which act as hosts for adsorption of benzene derivatives and gas molecules.
Correction: Effect of in vitro digestion on the functional properties of Psidium cattleianum Sabine (araçá), Butia odorata (Barb. Rodr.) Noblick (butiá) and Eugenia uniflora L. (pitanga) fruit extracts
Authors: Vinholes Juliana , Reis Sofia F. , Lemos Graciele , Barbieri Rosa Lia , Freitas Victor de , Franzon Rodrigo C. , Vizzotto Márcia
Published: June 2019

Correction for ‘Effect of in vitro digestion on the functional properties of Psidium cattleianum Sabine (araçá), Butia odorata (Barb. Rodr.) Noblick (butiá) and Eugenia uniflora L. (pitanga) fruit extracts’ by Juliana Vinholes, et al., Food Funct., 2018, 9, 6380–6390.
Porous supramolecular assemblies and functional properties of perhydroxylated cucurbit[6]uril and polyoxometallates
Authors: Xia Xi , Ge Wei Wei , Chen Haiyong , Tao Zhu , Zhang Yunqian , Wei Gang , Chen Kai
Published: June 2019

(HO)12Q[6] and POMs were used as basic building blocks, and interactions yielded two novel types of supramolecular assemblies at different HCl concentrations.
Three-dimensionally ordered hollow sphere array Pt/In2O3–TiO2 with improved photocatalytic efficiency
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Li Li , Zhou Qianlong , Cao Yanzhen , Ma Fengyan , Li Yi
Published: June 2019

Using polystyrene microspheres as the template, the three-dimensionally ordered hollow sphere array Pt/In2O3–TiO2 was established, which exhibited superior photocatalytic degradation efficiency and an enhanced activity in hydrogen evolution.
Development of an electrochemical sensor based on a functionalized carbon black/tungsten carbide hybrid composite for the detection of furazolidone
Authors: Hwa Kuo-Yuan , Sharma Tata Sanjay Kanna , Karuppaiah Palpandi
Published: June 2019

In this study, the simple sonochemical synthesis of functionalized carbon black (f-CB) anchored with tungsten carbide (WC) is used to prepare a novel electrocatalyst for the electrochemical detection of furazolidone (FU) by modifying screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE).
Decentralized manufacturing for biomimetics through cooperation of digitization and nanomaterial design
Authors: Xiao Meng , Yang Hui , Xiao Quanlan , Zhang Han , Chen Xiaodong
Published: June 2019

Decentralized manufacturing is advocated to promote biomimetic manufacturing through the cooperation of digitization-based 3D printing technology and nanomaterials design.
Prion soft amyloid core driven self-assembly of globular proteins into bioactive nanofibrils
Authors: Wang Weiqiang , Navarro Susanna , Azizyan Rafayel A. , Baño-Polo Manuel , Esperante Sebastian A. , Kajava Andrey V. , Ventura Salvador
Published: June 2019

A novel, modular and straightforward strategy to build active protein-based nanomaterials is designed by fusing soft amyloid cores (SAC) to globular proteins.
Investigation of effective media applicability for ultrathin multilayer structures
Authors: Sukham Johneph , Takayama Osamu , Mahmoodi Maryam , Sychev Stanislav , Bogdanov Andrey , Tavassoli Seyed Hassan , Lavrinenko Andrei V. , Malureanu Radu
Published: June 2019

The EMA applicability to ultrathin multilayers is limited by the total number of periods of the structure.
Scalable synthesis of self-assembled bimetallic phosphide/N-doped graphene nanoflakes as an efficient electrocatalyst for overall water splitting
Authors: Yang Dongxu , Hou Wenqiang , Lu Yingjiong , Zhang Wanli , Chen Yuanfu
Published: June 2019

A bimetallic phosphide electrocatalyst is synthesized through a scalable approach, showing high efficiency in the HER, OER and overall water splitting.
Superhydrophobic foam prepared from high internal phase emulsion templates stabilised by oyster shell powder for oil–water separation
Authors: Yu Chuan-ming , Zhuang Xiao-hui , Zeng Sheng-wei , Dong Qi-xing , Jing Zhan-xin , Hong Peng-zhi , Li Yong
Published: June 2019

Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) foam was synthesized through a high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) technique with Span 80 and superfine oyster shell powder as a co-emulsifier, and the foam exhibited excellent superhydrophobicity and oleophilicity.
New surgical meshes with patterned nanofiber mats
Authors: Liu Pengbi , Chen Nanliang , Jiang Jinhua , Wen Xuejun
Published: June 2019

Newly designed warp-knitted meshes with different textile parameters and the interactions between cell and patterned nanofiber mats and different meshes.
Green synthesis of benzonitrile using ionic liquid with multiple roles as the recycling agent
Authors: Li Zhihui , Wang Tingting , Qi Xudong , Yang Qiusheng , Gao Liya , Zhang Dongsheng , Zhao Xinqiang , Wang Yanji
Published: June 2019

ILs exhibited good co-solvent, catalytic, phase separation and recycling performance in the green synthesis of benzonitrile from benzaldehyde and (NH2OH)2·ILs.
Activated carbons derived from hydrothermal impregnation of sucrose with phosphoric acid: remarkable adsorbents for sulfamethoxazole removal
Authors: Shi Yawei , Liu Guozhu , Wang Liang , Zhang Hongwei
Published: June 2019

Activated carbons obtained by hydrothermal impregnation of sucrose with H3PO4 for highly efficient sulfamethoxazole adsorption.
The influence of three acid modifications on the physicochemical characteristics of tea-waste biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures: a comparative study
Authors: Peiris Chathuri , Nayanathara Oshani , Navarathna Chanaka M. , Jayawardhana Yohan , Nawalage Samadhi , Burk Griffin , Karunanayake Akila G. , Madduri Sunith B. , Vithanage Meththika , Kaumal M. N. , Mlsna Todd E. , Hassan El Barbary , Abeysundara Sachith , Ferez Felio , Gunatilake Sameera R.
Published: June 2019

Tea-waste biochar produced under different pyrolysis temperatures were subjected to three acid modifications and a comparative evaluation of their key physicochemical characteristics made.
Fluoride ion assisted growth of hierarchical flowerlike nanostructures of Co/Ni ferrites and their magnetoresistive response
Authors: Abbas Syed Kumail , Atiq Shahid , Saleem Murtaza , Riaz Saira , Naseem Shahzad , Anwar M. Sabieh
Published: June 2019

One-dimensional nanorod arrays of Co/Ni ferrites emerging into hierarchical flowerlike morphologies, prepared by hydrothermal treatment, using ammonium fluoride (NH4F) as a mineralizing agent.
Iron detection and remediation with a functionalized porous polymer applied to environmental water samples
Authors: Lee Sumin , Uliana Adam , Taylor Mercedes K. , Chakarawet Khetpakorn , Bandaru Siva Rama Satyam , Gul Sheraz , Xu Jun , Ackerman Cheri M. , Chatterjee Ruchira , Furukawa Hiroyasu , Reimer Jeffrey A. , Yano Junko , Gadgil Ashok , Long Gary J. , Grandjean Fernande , Long Jeffrey R. , Chang Christopher J.
Published: June 2019

Simple and direct determination of iron ion concentrations in water samples is achieved.
Characterisation of Constitutive Promoters from the Anderson library in Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472
Authors: Liow Lu Ting , Go Maybelle Darlene Kho , Yew Wen Shan
Published: June 2019

Chromobacterium violaceum is a potential industrially relevant chassis due to its cyanogenic properties and diverse metabolic energetics. However, its application in synthetic biology is limited by the lack of characterised genetic parts. Six constitutive promoters of a 100‐fold range in gene expression from the Anderson library were characterised in C. violaceum using an automated microplate reader. The datasheet provides an insight to the highly similar trend in promoter strengths in C. violaceum to the original characterised strengths of the Anderson library constitutive promoters in E. coli. This provides a foundation for constitutive promoters of different strengths as parts to be used for synthetic biology genetic constructs in C. violaceum.
Influence of asymmetrical stator axes on the electromagnetic field and driving characteristics of canned induction motor
Authors: Yuejun An , Zhiheng Zhang , Ming Li , Guangyu Wang , Xiangling Kong , Zaihang Liu
Published: June 2019

Canned induction motors (CIMs) are particularly important for high vacuum application due to its low cost, simple design, and mechanically robust. Herein, this study reveals a mechanism of asymmetrical stator axes (ASAs) for CIMs and proposes six coefficients to describe ASA for CIMs under asymmetrical stator phase's windings. Using winding theorem, this study derived the electromagnetic field and driving characteristics in the healthy condition and ASA conditions for a 1.9 kW CIM, and analysed further using mathematical formulas and finite‐element models. Both simulation and experimental results show good agreement, and significant variation was found in total harmonic distortion, the amplitude of air‐gap flux density, and driving characteristics of CIMs. Further, investigation of back‐electromotive force and stator current showed their efficacy as a diagnosis signature to detect the fault of ASA in CIMs. The obtained conclusions can serve as a valuable reference to design a high‐performing CIMs control system.
On the anomalous forces in microwave cavity‐magnetron systems
Authors: Porcelli Elio B. , Filho Victo S.
Published: June 2019

In this work, the authors report positive results regarding their measurements of anomalous thrust forces in a resonant microwave cavity without dielectrics associated with a magnetron. They measure such forces and successfully compared these values with their corresponding theoretical values, based on the hypothesis of preexisting state of generalised quantum entanglement in which the momentum conservation principle is satisfied by the non‐local interaction between the internal charge carriers of the system and the environment. It is explained why the system can provide us with a novel technology using thrust without ejecting any kind of propellant. It is also reported a novel property related to the external force induction projected from the system. They show that their theoretical calculations also present a good agreement with the experimental measurements of other authors working with such types of EM‐Drives. The control and enhancement of the effect can allow the viability of a new technology of spatial transportation and the development of devices for force induction at a distance.
The Solar Orbiter Heliospheric Imager (SoloHI)
Authors: Howard R. A. , Vourlidas A. , Colaninno R. C. , Korendyke C. M. , Plunkett S. P. , Carter M. T. , Wang D. , Rich N. , Lynch S. , Thurn A. , Socker D. G. , Thernisien A. F. , Chua D. , Linton M. G. , Koss S. , Tun-Beltran S. , Dennison H. , Stenborg G. , McMullin D. R. , Hunt T. , Baugh R. , Clifford G. , Keller D. , Janesick J. R. , Tower J. , Grygon M. , Farkas R. , Hagood R. , Eisenhauer K. , Uhl A. , Yerushalmi S. , Smith L. , Liewer P. C. , Velli M. C. , Linker J. , Bothmer V. , Rochus P. , Halain J.-P. , Lamy P. L. , Auchère F. , Harrison R. A. , Rouillard A. , Patsourakos S. , Cyr O. C. St. , Gilbert H. , Maldonado H. , Mariano C. , Cerullo J.
Published: June 2019

Aims. We present the design and pre-launch performance of the Solar Orbiter Heliospheric Imager (SoloHI) which is an instrument prepared for inclusion in the ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter mission, currently scheduled for launch in 2020.

Methods. The goal of this paper is to provide details of the SoloHI instrument concept, design, and pre-flight performance to give the potential user of the data a better understanding of how the observations are collected and the sources that contribute to the signal.

Results. The paper discusses the science objectives, including the SoloHI-specific aspects, before presenting the design concepts, which include the optics, mechanical, thermal, electrical, and ground processing. Finally, a list of planned data products is also presented.

Conclusions. The performance measurements of the various instrument parameters meet or exceed the requirements derived from the mission science objectives. SoloHI is poised to take its place as a vital contributor to the science success of the Solar Orbiter mission.
Impact of delayed neutron constants on reactivity effects measured in a fast reactor
Authors: Krása Antonín , Kochetkov Anatoly , Messaoudi Nadia , Stankovskiy Alexey , Vittiglio Guido , Wagemans Jan
Published: June 2019

Delayed neutron parameters of fast VENUS-F reactor core configurations are determined with Monte Carlo calculations using various nuclear data libraries. Differences in the calculated effective delayed neutron fraction and the impact of the delayed neutron data (6- or 8-group precursors) that are applied in the experimental data analysis on the measured reactivity effects are studied. Considerable differences are found due to application of 235U and 238U delayed neutron data from JEFF, JENDL and ENDF evaluations.
Advanced Modelling of 238U(n,f) in a Fast Reactor Application
Authors: Oprea Cristiana , Mihul Alexandru , Oprea Alexandru
Published: June 2019

Fast neutron reactors, as a possible future solution on energy demand of human society, based on fission process of 238U, request new and reliable nuclear data necessary for new generation reactors design. Fission process induced by fast neutrons on 238U was investigated. Fission observables like cross sections and their uncertainties, fission fragment mass distribution, prompt neutrons emission, isomer ratios and other parameters were obtained by using Talys computer code or programs realized by authors. Then the production of isotopes like 135,133Xe, 99Mo, 131I, 89Y as well as yields of fissile nuclei were evaluated. Obtained theoretical evaluations are compared with existing experimental data.
Validation of Thermal Neutron Scattering Cross Sections for Heavy Water based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Hyun Haelee , Kim Do Heon , Lee Young-Ouk
Published: June 2019

Recently, the thermal scattering libraries of ENDF/B-VIII.0 and JEFF-3.3 for light and heavy water were released with a new water model (CAB model) proposed by Damian. For the CAB model, the molecular dynamics code GROMACS was used to more accurately describe the realistic motions of water molecules. In this paper, to consider the coherent component we also generated the thermal scattering cross section of the deuterium and oxygen bound in the heavy water molecules using the GROMACS code and EPSR code. In addition, the frequency spectrum was also calculated using the GROMACS code. Thermal scattering cross sections based on the newly calculated Sköld correction factor and the frequency spectrum were generated by NJOY2016 code. Finally, the performance of the generated thermal scattering cross sections were validated by performing an ICSBEP benchmark simulation using MCNPX code.
Formulation of Model Defects Suitable for the Resonance Regime
Authors: Raab Benedikt , Srdinko Thomas , Leeb Helmut
Published: June 2019

A method to account for model deficiencies in nuclear data evaluations in the resonance regime is proposed. The method follows the ideas of Schnabel and coworkers and relies on Gaussian processes with a novel problemadapted ansatz for the covariance matrix of model uncertainties extending the formalism to the energy region of resonances. The method was used to evaluate a set of schematic but realistic neutron reaction data generated by an R-matrix code and a well defined model defect. Using the extended ansatz for model defects the Bayesian evaluation successfully recovered the built-in model defect in size and structure thus demonstrating the applicability of the method.
Endovenöse Behandlungsverfahren der Varikosis und der chronisch-venösen Insuffizienz
Authors: Schwarz Thomas
Published: June 2019

Was ist neu?

Endovenöse Lasertherapie Verfahren mit längeren Wellenlängen und/oder modifizierten Lichtleitern sollten bevorzugt werden.

Radiofrequenzobliteration 5-Jahres-Ergebnisse zeigen eine sehr gute Effektivität.

Weitere endovenöse, nicht thermische Verfahren Es liegen noch nicht sehr viele Daten vor. Die publizierten Studien zeigen eine gute Effektivität der Methoden.

Nachbeobachtungen Die bisher publizierten Daten mit Vergleich der operativen und endovaskulären Methoden im 5-Jahres-Follow-up sind nur mit Einschränkungen aussagekräftig und teils schon durch technische Weiterentwicklungen überholt.
Außerklinische Beatmung in Deutschland
Authors: Windisch Wolfram , Callegari Jens , Karagiannidis Christian
Published: June 2019

Was ist neu?

Entwicklung der außerklinischen Beatmung in Deutschland Die außerklinische Beatmung ist etablierter klinischer Standard in Deutschland. Insbesondere im Verlauf der letzten 10 Jahre ist es zu einer explosionsartigen Steigerung der Patientenzahlen mit außerklinischer Beatmung gekommen, die an ökonomische und ethische Grenzen stößt.

Revision der Leitlinien Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin e. V. (DGP) hat 2017 ihre Leitlinien vollumfänglich revidiert und thematisch ergänzt. Die Leitlinien beinhalten alle wesentlichen Aspekte zur berufspolitischen Organisation und Durchführung einer außerklinischen Beatmung und fassen zudem die aktuelle wissenschaftliche Datenlage zusammen.

Neue Evidenz für die nicht-invasive Beatmung (NIV) bei COPD Aktuelle Daten weisen nach, dass die Prognose von COPD-Patienten durch eine NIV verbessert werden kann. Dies betrifft sowohl Patienten mit chronischer Hyperkapnie als auch solche mit persistierender Hyperkapnie nach Exazerbation in der Klinik.
Plattenepithelkarzinome der Mundhöhle — alle Lymphknoten sorgfältig entfernen
Authors: Bitter Thomas
Published: June 2019

Kopf-Hals-Chirurgen der Universität von Triest evaluierten die Beteiligung von sogenannten „Perimarginalknoten“(PMN) an Plattenepithelkarzinomen der Mundhöhle (OCSCC) und überprüften, ob Metastasen mit den primären Tumoreigenschaften oder dem Halsstatus verknüpft waren. Die PMNs sind Lymphknoten in der Nähe des Ramus marginalis mandibulae (MMN), bei denen die Gefahr besteht, dass sie während der Neck-Dissektion nicht seziert werden.