bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Macular morphologic changes following successful retinal detachment repair by scleral buckling surgery
Authors: Petrovic Nenad , Todorovic Dusan , Sreckovic Suncica , Sarenac-Vulovic Tatjana , Jovanovic Mihailo , Randjelovic Danijela
Published: January 2022

Background/Aim. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) is very useful for the accurate examination of macular microstructure. The aim of this study was to evaluate macular morphologic changes after successful retinal detachment (RD) surgery by scleral buckling (SB) using SDOCT and assess their impact on vision repair. Methods. SDOCT examination was performed in 1, 6, and 12 months in 27 eyes following SB surgery with the successful anatomical repair of rhegmatogenous RD, which also affected the macular region. The examination was performed in a 6 mm diameter central macular region and included measurements of the central foveal thickness, average total retinal thickness (TRT), and thickness of the inner and outer retinal layer (ORT) separately. The numerical values of parameters for each operated eye were compared with those of the fellow (control) eye of each patient. The condition of the external limiting membrane (ELM) and inner segment (IS) and outer segment (OS) of the photoreceptors was also examined. Results. The mean TRT and ORT in the reattached regions in the operated eyes were significantly thinner than the corresponding regions of the fellow (control) eye, and throughout the follow-up period, the difference was statistically significant. There was a statistically significant difference in TRT (after 1 month, p = 0.021, after 6 months, p = 0.026, after 12 months, p = 0.027) and ORT (after 1 month, p = 0.018, after 6 months, p = 0.019, after 12 months, p = 0.021) between the eyes with a longer preoperative duration of macular detachment (MD) of 2 weeks and eyes with shorter detachment period. Disruptions of the IS and OS of photoreceptors and ELM on SDOCT examination after one month were observed in 37.04% of eyes, after 6 months in 29.6% of eyes, and at the end of the follow-up period in 14.8% of eyes. A statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of disruptions of the IS and OS, and ELM depending on the pre-operative duration of RD (p = 0.007). Conclusion. The overall decrease in the mean retinal thickness after successful anatomical repair of RD is the result of a decrease in the thickness of the outer retinal layers. The alterations of the ELM, IS and OS of photoreceptors observed on the early SDOCT scans are mostly associated with limited vision recovery. The prolonged MD leads to damaging the neurosensory tissue of the retina and especially the photo-receptors, which may explain the limited visual acuity recovery after successful SB repair of RD.
Evaluasi Ketepatan Antibiotik pada Pasien Sepsis
Authors: Nugraheni Ambar Yunita , Putri Mahyastuty Shintya , Saputro Adi Yusron
Published: January 2022

The administration of early intravenous antibiotics was one of the fundamental procedures in sepsis. Inappropriate of antibiotics in septic patients has an impact on mortality and prolongs treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotics therapy in hospitalized sepsis patients in Central Java based on the parameters right indication, right patient, right drug, and the right dose. This study was observational. Data collected retrospectively and analyzed descriptively. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. The inclusion criteria were inpatients diagnosed with sepsis who received antibiotics therapy with complete medical record data. The exclusion criteria were patients who died of sepsis. Antibiotics analyzed using the DIH 25th edition 2016, IONI 2014, Tata Laksana Sepsis Pada Anak IDAI 2016, Neofax 2014, Kepmenkes PNPK Tata Laksana Sepsis 2017, PPK RS, and SHC Antimicrobial Dosing 2017. Based on data from 108 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria obtained results right indication 100%, right patient 97.22%, right drug 90.74%, and the right dose 48.15%. The most used antibiotic was a combination of ampicillin and gentamicin (41.67%), while the single antibiotic was ceftriaxone (12.96%).
Communication Skills Profile of Elementary Teacher Education Students in STEM-based Natural Science Online Learning
Authors: Wardani Duhita Savira , Kelana Jajang Bayu , Jojo Zingiswa Mybert Monica
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to determine the communication skill profile of Elementary Teacher Education (ETE) students enrolled in natural science online learning-based STEM. Pre-experimental research with a one-shot case study design was used in this study. The study's sample consisted of 25 ETE students from a university in Cimahi. Observation and documentation were the techniques used in this study. The paired sample t-test was used to analyze the data. The descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing with the t-test were used to check the data validity. The findings of this study revealed that (1) there is an effect of STEM-based online science learning on ETE students' communication skills, (2) that most students are still in the Intermediate category for written communication and "does not meet the Standards" for oral communication skills, and (3) that students' communication skills in STEM-based science online learning still need to be optimized. The study's findings suggest that ETE lecturers in Indonesia should broaden their knowledge and perspectives in STEM-based learning and communication management. Second, ETE lecturers in Indonesia must take the assessment of communication skills more seriously. Last but not least, the government, with the help of researchers, must devise an excellent assessment system to overcome time constraints. The results of this study revealed that STEM-based online science learning is being implemented.
GÊNERO E-MAIL-MARKETING
Authors: Nardocci Izilda , Santos Marcio Graciano dos
Published: January 2022

Este artigo tem como tema a construção da cenografia de e-mail marketing. O objetivo é verificar as marcas linguístico-discursivas que a compõem e identificar o ethos discursivo que dela emerge, contribuindo para a comunicação entre empresa e consumidor. O referencial teórico-metodológico selecionado é o da Análise do Discurso. O corpus foi composto por e-mails marketing de uma instituição financeira enviados a clientes de diferentes perfis. A personalização dos e-mails impactou na composição da cenografia de cada um deles, contribuindo para a projeção de um ethos discursivo amigo, na venda de produto e na cobrança da dívida recente e pessoa jurídica séria, impessoal na cobrança de uma dívida antiga.
ESPAÇO DE (DES)ENCONTROS
Authors: Cortez Angélica Margaret Barbosa
Published: January 2022

Esta pesquisa analisou as crenças e as atitudes linguísticas de moradores das fronteiras Brasil/Argentina sobre o espanhol, a partir dos dados coletados no Projeto Crenças e atitudes linguísticas: um estudo da relação do português com línguas de contato (SELLA; AGUILERA, 2009), em Santo Antônio do Sudoeste-BR, Capanema-BR, e da fronteira Brasil/Paraguai, em Guaíra-BR. A partir da constituição histórica das localidades e das variáveis sociais (sexo, faixa etária, classe social e nível de escolaridade) buscou-se compreender quais componentes (cognoscitivo, afetivo, conativo) atuam sobre as crenças e atitudes linguísticas de falantes do português sobre o espanhol e sobre línguas em contato nas localidades investigadas. O componente conativo foi o menos acionado nos informantes, e, a partir dele, surgiram respostas que mostraram diferenças entre os pontos.
Analysis distribution sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide concentration from PLTU Pangkalan susu with callpuff method
Authors: Zulkarnain Randy , Suryati Isra’ , Pratama Alvin
Published: January 2022

Coal-fired power plants will emit several types of pollutants into the ambient air such as particulates and gases. One way to estimate the extent of the impact distribution of these pollutants is by using air quality modeling. The model used in this study is Calpuff, where this model is a non-steady state model and is influenced by variations in meteorological factors. The research location is PLTU Pangkalan Susu (2x200 MW) with SO2 and NO2 parameters. The purpose of this study was to calculate the concentrations of SO2 and NO2 with Calpuff, to validate modeling with field observations and to simulate the distribution of impacts. The results showed that the concentration of SO2 model obtained was 0.32 - 3.57 µg/m3 and NO2 was 0.51 - 5.15 µg/m3. Meanwhile, the observation results showed that the SO2 concentration was 27 - 39.88 µg/m3 and NO2 was 19.77 - 29.73 µg/m3. The simulation results of the distribution of SO2 and NO2 concentrations with the Calpuff model show that the impact distribution area is in the direction of the wind in the windrose and the affected area is in the southwest of the PLTU Pangkalan Susu. The results of model validation for the values ​​of d = 0.97, r = 0.616 - 0.665 and FB = -1.719 - -1.849, which means that the Calpuff model is quite valid and can be applied to predict the impact distribution area at PLTU Pangkalan Susu.
Development of food and beverage service module at vocational high schools culinary service expertise program
Authors: Anugrah Ajeng Inggit
Published: January 2022

This article aims to explain that the study was to develop a learning module on the subjects of Food and Beverage Services for students majoring in food services at SMK Putra Anda Binjai. This study was Research and Development (R & D) using the ADDIE development model. The results of research and development done in this study indicate that the validation results by learning modules covering material expert’s feasibility content with value Aiken's V = 0.78 valid criteria, eligibility presentation of Aiken's V = 0.80 on valid criteria, aspects of language with Aiken's V = 0.8 on valid criteria, and validation of design experts with Aiken's V = 0.80 on valid criteria. Test practitioners learning modules to two teachers showed an average yield of 81.67 in the category of "very practical", while practitioners by 3 students showed an average yield of 79.32 category of Very Practical overall results of the validation by subject matter experts, expert media practitioners and the overall test states that learning modules rated valid and practical, so that used to test for effectiveness. The result of the effectiveness of the learning modules has an average pretest score is 50.83 while the average post-test value to 76.95 so it can be concluded that post-test value results are more significant. Therefore, from the validity of the test results, the practicalities and effectiveness, then learning modules on subjects worthy of Food and Beverage Service use as a source of student learning Vocational High School Programs Hospitality
Development of workshop work learning module and technical drawing by using the EPUB
Authors: Finico Finico , Maksum Hasan
Published: January 2022

This study aims to develop a learning module for Workshop Work and Technical Drawing using EPUB for class X TAV students at SMKN 1 Sutera. This research is a series of processes or activities carried out to produce Workshop Work and Engineering Drawing learning modules using EPUB based on development theory. The purpose of developing a workshop work learning module and technical drawings using the EPUB is to produce a valid and practical learning module. The learning module developed is based on the ADDIE development model, which consists of the analysis, design, and development stages. development), implementation (implementation), and evaluation (evaluation). The first stage, analysis, is to analyze before product development is carried out. The second stage, Design, the design stage begins by determining the main concepts contained in the workshop work and engineering drawing subjects. Then the third stage of Development, carrying out product development through designing the components of the learning module, in this development process carried out is conducting validation tests, and practicality regarding products by experts. Furthermore, the fourth stage is Implementation, the implementation stage can be interpreted as a realization step of the design and development stage. The last stage is the Evaluation stage, which is taking action on the treatment of the learning module with EPUB that has been tested. Based on the validation of the learning module that has been carried out on the media expert validator, the value is 0.94 with a valid interpretation. "Furthermore, for material expert validation, the value is 0.89 with a valid interpretation. So it can be concluded that the developed learning module is feasible to use to improve the learning outcomes of the Workshop Work and Technical Drawing Class X TAV Students at SMK Negeri 1 Sutera. After the learning module is declared valid, then it is followed by practicality testing of teacher respondents who obtained the value practicality of 92.49% with very practical interpretation. While the practicality value based on student respondents was 82.39 with practical interpretation. However, overall practicality is very practical.
Legal Renewing of Consumer Protection (Himâyah Al-Mustahlaki) Through Islamic Law Perspective
Authors: Susanto Burhanudin , Mohd Ruslan Ros Amira Binti
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this paper is to offer the concept of reforming consumer protection law (himâyah al-mustahlaki) through the perspective of Islamic law. To achieve this goal the author uses the integration of science as a method of analyzing from normative legal research by combining the statute and conceptual approaches. Although in the shari’a does not mention the term consumer directly, it contains principles that if carried out by business actors can provide protection to consumers. The potential loss inherent in consumers is generally divided into two, namely (1) Material losses (al-khasârah al-mâdiyah) both in the form of financial and non-financial assets; and (2) Humanity loss (al-khasârah al-insâniyah) both in the form of body and spirit. The overall potential loss needs to be accommodated in an integrated legislation to better guarantee legal certainty for consumers. The implementation of consumer protection can be realized through preventive treatment through fostering awarenes
Implementation of Faraidh's Provisions in Hibah Wasiat (A Case in South Banjar Kalimantan)
Authors: Wahidah Wahidah , Azhar Alias
Published: January 2022

This research illustrates the practice of inheritance in the Banjar community of South Kalimantan. The aim is to see the extent to which the provisions of Islamic inheritance law (farāidh) are applied by the member of society in everyday life. This phenomenon is revealed through several field research methods, especially in-depth interviews, the results of which are then analyzed to obtain conclusions. This study found the fact that although in general, the majority of Banjar people of South Kalimantan resolved their inheritance cases by farāidh (Islamic inheritance law), there was a tendency for some citizens to put forward the spirit of "Badamai (Keeping Peace)" to bring up ways of resolving inheritance cases that seemed varied and unique. In such a model, the formulation of the inheritance distribution specified in the farāidh is not fully implemented but is modified through the hibah wasiat (testamentary grant) method. In the case of ashābah bi al-ghair (heirs of a different gender), the pattern of division of "two to one" is not carried out by the mushi (testator)  because of certain reasons/considerations related to the real condition of the heirs (economic level, marital status, age, etc).
Al-Hisbah Contextualization in the Business Competition Law in Indonesia
Authors: Zakiyah Ninik , Prananingtyas Paramita , Disemadi Hari Sutra , Gubanov Konstantin
Published: January 2022

Supervision of market activities and competition in Islam has existed since the time of Prophet Muhammad PBUH and, at the same time, became a duty of an official called a muhtasib (supervisor). Al-Hisbah, as a controller institution for economic activities and market competition, aims to uphold the amar ma'ruf nahi munkar (commanding the good and forbidding the evil). Meanwhile, KPPU, as an independent institution, functions as a controller of the practice of monopolies and unfair business competition in Indonesia under the principle of economic democracy to support national economic development. This research uses the juridical-normative method with a historical and conceptual approach. Having compared the role of KPPU in supervising business competition to al-hisbah institution in Islam, this study finds out that KPPU, in general, is similar to al-hisbah on account that the substance and the values contained in al-hisbah have been embedded in KPPU especially in upholding amar ma'ruf nahi munkar in economic activities and business competition.
Kafâ’ah Contextualization in an Effort to Form Harmonious Family in the Modern Era: An Analysis Of Fazlur Rahman's Double Movement
Authors: Fajar Mokhammad Samson , Al Badr Faris
Published: January 2022

Kafā’ah is a marriage law that has relatively little attention from Islamic jurists. This is because kafā’ah is less adaptable to changes in people's lives. Because kafā’ah is identical with the Arab cultural heritage before Islam. But factually this kafā’ah is still a legacy in the books of the fuqaha'. This research is focused on revealing the relevance of the concept of the kafā’ah of the fuqaha' with the changing times of the modern era. As well as how to contextualize the concept of kafā’ah in this modern era so that it truly becomes a path to family harmony. In uncovering the problem, the double movement theory or Fadzlurrahman dual interpretation is used, in which this interpretation becomes the knife of analysis by revealing how the current condition of the kafā’ah is then drawn to the kafā’ah of the past and how the response of the Qur'an and the Sunnah. Then the moral values of the Qur'an and the Sunnah are taken using reasoning ratios so that conclusions can be drawn in accordance with current needs. The conclusion of this research is that the concept of kafā’ah in the book of fiqh is not relevant to the needs of this modern era, where kafā’ah in the modern era is more interpreted in terms of equality and ability (competence) to get married, which is different from the kafā’ah of the past which is more nuanced feudalistic.
The Concept of Qath`i and Zhanni and Its Implication to Religious Behavior among Muslim Communities in Lombok
Authors: Bin Mujib Lalu Supriadi , Hamim Khairul , Bin Gunardi Setiyawan
Published: January 2022

The difference in understanding of the concepts of qath`i and zhanni is the root of the problem that causes conflict among Muslims, especially among the Salafi and non-Salafi communities. This study aims to determine the concepts of qath`i and zhanni, the response of the Salafi and non-Salafi communities to the concepts, and its implications in shaping their religious behavior. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method and a field research design. Collecting data using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique uses the description, interpretation, criticism, and conclusion stages. The results of this study indicate that the concepts of qath`i and zhanni are used by ulama Ushul Fiqh to analyze legal texts from the linguistic aspect that are used as standards for assessing the legality and validity of the law. Salafi and Non-Salafi communities agree on qath`ias an inviolable conception, whereas zhanni is not considered. Methodological differences in identifying the concept of qath`i and zhanni areas have implications for religious behavior among Muslims in Lombok, Mataram. By using a textual approach and ignoring the contextual approach, Salafis consider laws that are still in a clear area as qath`i. On the other hand, Non-Salafis use textual and contextual approaches to conclude that the law that is still being debated is zhanni.
The Perspective of Islamic Law on the Application of the Polluter Pays Principle in Indonesian Environmental Law
Authors: Triana Nita , Izza Farah Nuril
Published: January 2022

This study discusses the implementation of the Polluter Pays Principle in Law Number 32 of 2009 regarding Environmental Management and Protection and relates it to Islamic Law. This research is normative juridical research, a study conducted to find legal rules, legal principles, and legal doctrine in order to address legal issues. This research finds that Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning environmental pollution and destruction contains the Polluter Pays Principle which is indicated by the affirmation that compensation does not only cover environmental restoration measures but also includes providing compensation to victims of pollution. The Law also regulates that responsibility for the perpetrators of pollution is instantaneous at the time of the occurrence of adverse action and not necessarily to be associated with an element of error. The application of this principle is in accordance with the Islamic law principles which explicitly state that environmental damage and pollution are included in actions prohibited by Allah. It's only that Islamic law does not specifically regulate the legal sanctions, but leaves it up to government policy (ta'zir).
A Vocational English Teacher’s Professional Identity in Industry 4.0
Authors: Setyowati Insyavia Rahayu , Drajati Nur Arifah
Published: January 2022

The growth of technology in Industry 4.0 also gives an impact on education. Language teachers are not only consumers of commercial educational materials, but also must improve creativity in managing classrooms. They should find innovative instructional approaches, methods, and strategies. Therefore, the language teacher identity (LTI) becomes very important. The teachers should discover the contexts in which their designed practices are rooted and expelled to criticize their own personal and professional lives. The current article is a narrative inquiry that an English teacher of vocational high school in Indonesia began to experience over a period of two years during which she could see herself trying to find the best English learning for students that are ready to work in industry 4.0. Shimmering on self experiences and documenting the activities narratively made the teacher face with a number of teaching tradition that she wants to bridge education to world current development. With the development of technology, She began to see herself transforming from traditional learning into new learning that well matched for millennial students. These experiences become very challenging for teachers who are interested in self-inquiry research.
Flipped Materials of Wetland Texts for English Teaching at Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Lambung Mangkurat University
Authors: Arapah Elvina , Arini Dini Noor
Published: January 2022

Although smartphones were not prohibited in the campus environment in Era 4.0, smartphones were still limited in their use as a means of communication and connection. Supposedly, the use of this smartphone must of course be observed wisely and maximized by various related parties, for example by making it a medium for learning. The challenge faced in maximizing the use of smartphones for learning is the limitations in processing and or managing existing material. With the various backgrounds and reasons outlined above, the study tries to develop Flipped Materials for English Courses at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Lambung Mangkurat University. This research uses research and development type for Flipped Material on Wetlands in digital form which is developed and tested for its feasibility in a limited scope. For this research, the study took samples with consideration of feasibility in reaching the subjects. Sampling is done by using the Cluster Random Technique because the characteristics of the population used as the research subject are considered to be the same, namely students of ULM semester I.Although smartphones were not prohibited in the campus environment in Era 4.0, smartphones were still limited in their use as a means of communication and connection. Supposedly, the use of this smartphone must of course be observed wisely and maximized by various related parties, for example by making it a medium for learning. The challenge faced in maximizing the use of smartphones for learning is the limitations in processing and or managing existing material. With the various backgrounds and reasons outlined above, the study tries to develop Flipped Materials for English Courses at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Lambung Mangkurat University. This research uses research and development type for Flipped Material on Wetlands in digital form which is developed and tested for its feasibility in a limited scope. For this research, the study took samples with consideration of feasibility in reaching the subjects. Sampling is done by using the Cluster Random Technique because the characteristics of the population used as the research subject are considered to be the same, namely students of ULM semester I.
A STUDY ON THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN EXTROVERT VS INTROVERT IN LEARNING ENGLISH
Authors: Hayati Fitri Mauliddiyah
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to examine the differences abilities between extrovert and introvert personality in learning English. This study describes the differences in the ability of speaking, writing, listening and reading. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. Data were obtained by conducting observations and interviews with research subjects. The subjects of this study were students of the third semester of English Education at IAIN Pekalongan. The analysis in this study uses a descriptive analysis related to the differences in English skills in extroverts and introverts. The results showed that the differences between extroverted and introverted personalities on the ability to learn English. In speaking skills, extroverted students are more mastery than introverted students. While writing, listening, and reading skills introverted students are more mastered. But in the aspect of pronunciation accent, extroverts' vocabulary and fluency are superior than introverts. Introverts good in grammar, and comprehension. On the other hand, introverts have superior writing skills in terms of vocabulary, content, and expression. whereas extroverts only excel in terms of content and expression. The spelling and grammar is not influenced by the personality.Therefore each personality have own skills or advantages and disadvantages.
AN ANALYSIS OF CODE SWITCHING IN STUDENTS’ SPEAKING TEST AS ENGLISH FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNERS
Authors: Nisa Khairun , Septiawan Habi , Deviyanti Rafista
Published: January 2022

This research aims at finding out types of code switching occurred in students’speaking test of EFL learner, the percentage of each type, and finding out the students’reasons in switching their language.Threetypes of code switching proposed by Poplack (1980); intra-sentential switching, inter-sentential switching, and tag switching were analyzed in this descriptive qualitative study. There was one class as the sample of this research. After gaining the data, the researcher categorized the data based on three types of code switching mentioned above. The result revealed that all three types of code switching appears in the students’ speaking. The first type, intra - sentential switching, it tends to be the main type of switching (69.49%), followed by intra-sentential switching (27.12%). Different from those two types, tag switching seems to occur the least frequent type of switching that appeared in the comments (3.39%). Then, the researcher also classified the data into seven reasons in doing code switching according to Hoffman (1991). There are still some other reasons found by the researcher in conducting the research.
Blended Learning: The Effect on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in Thermodynamics
Authors: Saefullah Asep , Fitriyani Amalia , Ruhiyat Yayat , Rostikawati Diana Ayu
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of the blended learning model to improving higher order thinking skills (HOTS) on thermodynamic material. The research method used in this study is quasi-experimental, while the research design used is Non Equivalent Design. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique, with class XI MIA 1 as an experimental class and XI MIA 2 as a control class. The instrument used in this study was an HOTS test item in the form of multiple choice questions. Data analysis techniques using SPSS software to test hypotheses, and Microsoft Excel to determine the magnitude of the increase in HOTS. The results of the independent sample t-test showed a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.03. Large increase in the experimental class by 0.50 (50%), and by 0.40 (40%) in the control class. This shows that learning using the blended learning model has a better effect in HOTS than learning without blended learning.
Construct 2 Interactive Multimedia for Temperature and Heat Topic: A Multimedia Development for Senior High School Learning
Authors: Maharani Putri , Asyhari Ardian
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to develop interactive multimedia using construct 2 on the topic of temperature and heat. The research method used is Research and Development (R and D) which adopted the development of Borg and Gall. Based on the results of the validation from the content experts, the results obtained were 81% in the very good category, and the media experts gave a score of 94% for the very good category, and the results of the teacher’s response obtained a percentage score of 77% in the good category. Then interactive multimedia was tested through two stages, small group trials and field trials. The average results obtained were 83.6% for small group trials, and the results of field trials in three schools were 85%, 84%, and 84%, and the average was 85.7% in the very good category. So, it can be concluded that interactive multimedia is feasible and good for use in learning.
Review on Contingency and its Effects in Transmission Lines
Authors: Giri Jayprakash , Chauhan Sh. Rajiv , Mishra Smt. Nidhi
Published: January 2022

A component failure in a power system is known as a contingency. The system must return to an acceptable state of equilibrium after the contingency. Post-contingency correction factors are important for maintaining reliability. Correction factors require analysis of contingent liabilities. Various methods are used to perform contingency analysis. Control of the transmission system has been described in this document. The pricing conditions and associated parameters for the different types of transmission lines have been described. The article focuses on all the parameters necessary for the analysis of transmission systems and their limits.
A Review on Various Designing Techniques Used for Net Zero Energy Buildings
Authors: Malviya Rohit , Vishwakarma Shravan
Published: January 2022

Net-zero energy buildings (NZEBs) were proposed as a viable solution for reducing building energy usage and contamination emission levels. To achieve the desired specific objective, the setups and abilities of the deployed RES in NZEBs should be carefully chosen. The goal of this project is to develop an optimized design approach for a zero-energy building that takes into account the building's usage of energy. The continuous expansion of international energy demand as a result of industrialization and growing populations is presently a major source of concern.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN DIGITAL BERORIENTASI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIC UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA
Authors:   Program Magister Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Medan, Simbolon Kiki Tristiawanti , Amry Zul ,   Program Magister Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Medan, Syahputrra Edi ,   Program Magister Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Medan
Published: January 2022

This study aims to produce digital learning tools using a realistic mathematical approach. The type of research used is development research using a modified 4-D development model. XI MIA-1 and XI MIA-2 with 20 students each at SMA Yapim Taruna Marelan. From the results of the first and second trials, it was obtained: The increase in students' learning independence in the geometry transformation material obtained from the average of all I to II trials was 8.20.
Pengaruh Proses Fermentasi pada Daun Centella asiatica oleh Acetobacter tropicalis Terhadap Aktivitas Trombolitik
Authors: Nuraini Lailatul , Tri Purwanto Bambang , Syahrani Achmad , Primaharinastiti Riesta , Toto Poernomo Achmad
Published: January 2022

Agen trombolitik merupakan plasminogen activator yang dapat memecah fibrin menjadi fibrin degradation product (FDP) dan dapat digunakan pada terapi penyakit kardiovaskular. Agen trombolitik dapat diperoleh dari mikroorganisme seperti Acetobacter tropicalis InaCC B374 dan dari tanaman seperti Centella asiatica. Kedua sumber agen trombolitik tersebut dapat dilakukan kombinasi melalui proses fermentasi untuk meningkatkan efek terapetiknya. Proses fermentasi sendiri dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor termasuk media fermentasi dan waktu fermentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proses fermentasi terhadap peningkatan aktivitas trombolitik dari hasil fermentasi Centella asiatica oleh Acetobacter tropicalis InaCC B374 pada berbagai variasi waktu fermentasi. Preparasi dilakukan dengan memfermentasi Centella asiatica selama 24, 48, dan 72 jam pada suhu 30°±1°C dengan kecepatan pengocokan 100 rpm kemudian ditentukan aktivitas trombolitiknya dengan metode clot lysis yang dilakukan inkubasi pada suhu 37°±1°C selama 60 menit. Hasil pengujian aktivitas trombolitik menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan aktivitas trombolitik setelah dilakukan proses fermentasi selama 24, 48 dan 72 jam dan aktivitas trombolitik maksimum tercapai pada hasil fermentasi 72 jam. Centella asiatica yang difermentasi selama 72 jam menunjukkan nilai indeks trombolitik yang paling besar (82,03) jika dibandingkan dengan infusa Centella asiatica tanpa fermentasi (37,39) dan Acetobacter tropicalis InaCC B374 (37,68). Disimpulkan bahwa proses fermentasi Centella asiatica oleh Acetobacter tropicalis InaCC B374 secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan aktivitas trombolitik keduanya
Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Swamedikasi Terhadap Mutu Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek (Kelurahan Mojolangu Kecamatan Lowokwaru Kota Malang)
Authors: Pristianty Liza , Fransiska Hefti Ari , Titani Mutiara
Published: January 2022

Swamedikasi  merupakan upaya penanganan penyakit ringan yang sering terjadi di masyarakat dan menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan keterjangkauan pengobatan. Hal ini harus dilakukan dengan hati-hati agar tidak terjadi kesalahan pengobatan. Apoteker di apotek diharapkan dapat membantu masyarakat melakukan swamedikasi  untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan di apotek dan mendukung kepuasan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kepuasan pasien swamedikasi terhadap mutu pelayanan kefarmasian di apotek wilayah Mojolangu, Malang.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel 100 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling dan instrumen yang digunakan kuesioner  dengan skala likert. Terhadap kuesioner  terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan metode Servqual and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Hasil analisis metode servqual diperoleh skor negatif (-) pada semua indikator pertanyaan,  berarti responden tidak puas dengan pelayanan apotek di Mojolangu, Malang. Sedangkan pada analisis dengan Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) diperoleh rata-rata total (X ) pada variabel realita adalah 4,10 dan pada variabel ekspektasi 4,55. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa responden tidak puas dengan pelayanan yang diberikan oleh apotek di Mojolangu, Malang. Pelayanan yang perlu diprioritaskan untuk ditingkatkan adalah kemampuan apoteker memberikan informasi tentang obat.
Development of Learning Equipment Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) Integration of Character Education in Pancasila and Citizenship Education Subjects (PPKN) at Smp Negeri 20 Makassar
Authors: Masding Masding , Ahmad Arifin , Anshari Anshari , Abdul Gani Hamsu
Published: January 2022

This research is development research that aims to produce a Learning Toolkit for Integrated RPP Character Education in Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) subjects at SMP Negeri 20 Makassar which meets the valid criteria with the subject of this research as many as 30 students in SMP Negeri 20 Makassar in Class VIIA. The desired product in this research is a valid, practical, and effective RPP Learning Tool for Character Education Integration. The product consists of three components, namely: lesson plans, student books, and teacher's books. This developmental research process refers to the 4-D model This model is a learning development approach system that is carried out covering 4 stages, namely defining, designing, developing and disseminating. The results showed that the Learning Toolkit for Integrated Character Education RPP that was developed was declared valid based on the validator's assessment and the results of a limited trial carried out for two trials. The validity of the Learning Toolkit for Integration of Character Education RPP is measured based on the assessment of the results of the validation of experts (validators) who meet the validity criteria, namely (1) RPP with a strong relevance category with a validity coefficient of 3.92 with the "Very Valid" category, (2) student books with the "Valid" category with a validity value of 4.10, (3) Teacher's Books in the "Valid" category with a validity value of 4.30. This shows that the resulting Character Education Integration RPP Learning Toolkit is in the valid category.
Assessing the Availability and Application of E-Learning Resources in Schools of Midwifery in Anambra State
Authors: Ikwuka Obiageli Ifeoma , Nwafor Helen Simon , Dike Christiana Ebele , Eleje Lydia Ijeoma , Uzor Theresa Nkiru , Ikwuka David Chibuike
Published: January 2022

This study assessed the availability and application of e-learning resources in schools of midwifery in Anambra State. This descriptive survey design study was guided by two research questions. 88 midwife tutors in the five schools of Midwifery in Anambra State made-up the population. The sample is the same as the population as the population is of manageable size. Checklist was used to obtain data and the data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. The validation of the instrument was done by three specialists. Cronbach alpha method was used to test the reliability and the alpha coefficients of 0.73 and 0.75 respectively were gotten for sections A and B. The findings revealed that few e-learning resources were available and utilized in schools of midwifery in Anambra State. The implications of the study were highlighted and it was recommended that government should organize seminars and workshops to train nurse tutors on the usage of e- resources to improve learning in nursing schools. Also suggestions for further studies were made.
Parkinson’s disease with concomitant generalized anxiety disorder – case report
Authors: Leszek Jerzy
Published: January 2022

Parkinson’s diseases, occuring most often between the ages of 50 and 60 years, on average at the age 58 years is a progressive degenerative disease of the central nervous system of global importance and serious consequences for public health. Its main symptoms are tremor at rest muscle stiffness and bradykinesia, i.e. slowness of movement (the so-called parkinsonian triad). Atrophic lessons of substantia nigra, located in the midbrain, responsible for the production of dopamine, contribute to the onset of symptoms of the disease. Patients with Parkinson’s diseases suffer from a variety of extra-motor symptoms often psychiatric disorders, especially panic or generalized anxiety. The author presents the case of 63 years old man diagnosed with Parkinson’s diseases 4 years ago, with quite a significant severity in the last 2 years. Left limb weakness (upper and lower) deepened and general slowing of movement developed then restless legs syndrome developed fully (specific sensations in the area of the feet and lower legs in the evening and night hours, temporarily decreasing when moving, walking, stretching the muscles). For about 6 months he have had attacks of anxiety and anxiety as well as a fully developed generalized anxiety disorder. The combination of levodopa and carbidopa and pregabalin was used, resulting in a reduction of slowness and stiffness as well as a significant reduction in anxiety and anxiety after approximately 8 weeks.
Diabetology for primary health care – the use of metformin in the treatment of prediabetes, primary prevention and secondary prevention in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Dzida Grzegorz
Published: January 2022

The 2021 guidelines on the management of diabetes by the Polish Diabetes Association introduce the new criterion for the diagnosis of diabetes – percentage of glycated hemoglobin HbA1c > 6.5%. This is important, especially now, during the COVID-19 epidemic, for patients with diagnosed pre-diabetes who are already using metformin, as it allows to release the need for an oral glucose tolerance test. The article describes the principles of using metformin in the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
Depressive and anxiety disorders and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Szulc Agata
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 has quickly become a global health emergency resulting in not only physical health concerns but also psychological concerns as people are exposed to unexpected deaths or threats of death. For example, healthcare workers who have close contact with COVID-19 patients are not only exposed to the virus on a regular basis, but they may also be witnessing increased illnesses, deaths, and supply shortages. In addition, patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 experience social isolation, physical discomfort, and fear for survival. These exposures increase the risk of developing PTSD. In addition, the risk may further be enhanced during the subsequent weeks when these individuals may lack immediate social support due to the need to self-quarantine. Moreover, the rates of depressive and anxiety disorders are presumably increasing, however, data are inconsistent.
10 reasons, why to use naproxen – in the light of new scientific reports
Authors: Sękowska Agnieszka
Published: January 2022

Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with a wide range of use, used in patients with various pain syndromes in the musculoskeletal system. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties through non-selective and reversible inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms. In Poland, it is registered in the treatment of rheumatic diseases and acute inflammations of the musculoskeletal system. Some naproxen preparations are also approved for the treatment of migraine and fever. The paper presents the characteristic features of the substance.
Reduction of blood pressure fluctuations by telmisartan molecule especially in combination with calcium channel antagonist
Authors: Łukasiewicz Maria , Mamcarz Artur
Published: January 2022

1.28 billion people suffer from hypertension, and its complications cause 10 million deaths each year. Effective antihypertensive therapy is therefore one of the priority tasks of health care. Achieving good BP control depends on many factors, but one of the primary ones is the use of maximally effective therapy in the simplest possible regimen. Amlodipine in combination with telmisartan in the single-pill combination, through its high smoothness index, makes it possible to achieve a satisfactory hypotensive effect lasting 24 h when taken once daily. This combination is also a good alternative for cardiovascularly burdened patients who cannot use angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and for elderly patients, especially after stroke
The Relationship between Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet Indices with Disease Severity Level of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Lisnaedy Purbosari , Intansari Umi Solekhah
Published: January 2022

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an episodic, chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by remission and flare phases. Laboratory parameters required to assess the severity of disease activity in SLE include platelet count and platelet indices. Several studies regarding the Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and platelet indices on the severity of SLE patients remain inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between PLR value and platelet index with the degree of disease severity in SLE patients. This study used a retrospective analytic observational design in SLE patients from January 2016 to December 2019 at Dr. Sardjito Central Hospital. Disease severity was assessed using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score. Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) values and platelet indices were measured with a hematology analyzer. The data were analyzed using correlation, bivariate, multiple regression tests, and the ROC curve to determine the PLR cut-off. There were 55 SLE patients with high activity (SLEDAI 11-19; n=30(54,54%)) and very high activity (SLEDAI 20; n=25(45.45%)). There was a significant correlation (p <0.05) between the PLR value, platelet count, plateletcrit, and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) with SLEDAI scores (p <0.05), but only the MPV variable was significant as an independent variable (p=0.0357). In the ROC curve, a cut-off PLR value of 124 was obtained with a sensitivity of 68.0%, specificity of 66.7%, likelihood ratio=2.04 (AUC=0.659 with p-value=0.035) to detect very high disease activity. Based on the PLR value, platelet count and plateletcrit negatively correlated with SLEDAI score but were related to the very high degree of thrombocytopenia in disease activity. The MPV value reflected the high platelet turnover, which had a positive correlation with the SLEDAI score. Patients with a PLR value â‰¤124 were 2.04 times more likely to have a SLEDAI score of 20, indicating potential use as a predictor of disease activity. The PLR value and platelet indices were significantly related to the degree of SLE activity.
Validity of Chemiluminescent Immunoassay Serology Test for Anti-Sars Cov-2 Antibodies IgM and IgG 1
Authors: Museyaroh Museyaroh , Wardhani Puspa , Aryati Aryati
Published: January 2022

In December 2019, an outbreak of acute pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, China. The disease was transmitted betweenhumans through droplets (coughing or sneezing) of infected patients, causing this outbreak to spread rapidly in variouscountries in the world, including Indonesia. On February 11, 2020, WHO announced the pneumonia was caused byCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was caused by a new type of Coronavirus, the SARS-CoV-2. A rapid andaccurate diagnosis is critical for the control of the COVID-19 outbreak. The widely used test is a serology-based test thatdetects the presence of SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG antibodies in the patient's body. One of the methods used for this test isChemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA). This study aimed to determine the reliability of CLIA. The study was conductedfrom August to September 2020. The number of samples was 63 patients' serum. Polymerase chain reaction examination atHusada Utama Hospital, Surabaya, revealed that 21 patients were confirmed positive for COVID-19 with positive PCRresults, and 42 patients were healthy with negative COVID-19 results. The results showed that IgM had a diagnosticsensitivity of 85.7%, diagnostic specificity of 92.8%, a positive predictive value of 85.7%, a negative predictive value of 92.8%,and accuracy of 90.4%. In comparison, IgG had a diagnostic sensitivity of 90.4%, diagnostic specificity of 90.4%, a positivepredictive value of 82.6%, a negative predictive value of 90.5%, and accuracy of 90.4%. In conclusion, IgG has a highersensitivity than IgM, while IgM had higher specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value than IgG.However, the positive, negative predictive value and efficiency values were the same for IgM and IgG.