bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The elucidation of the multimodal action of the investigational anti-Candida lipopeptide (AF4) lead from Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Ramesh Swetha , Roy Utpal , Roy Subhashis
Published: December 2023

Background:Candida species are the main etiological agents for candidiasis, and Candida albicans are the most common infectious species. Candida species’ growing resistance to conventional therapies necessitates more research into novel antifungal agents. Antifungal peptides isolated from microorganisms have potential applications as novel therapeutics. AF4 a Bacillus-derived lipopeptide demonstrating broad-spectrum antifungal activity has been investigated for its ability to cause cell death in Candida species via membrane damage and oxidative stress.

Methods: Using biophysical techniques, the secondary structure of the AF4 lipopeptide was identified. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy with fluorescent dyes were performed to visualise the effect of the lipopeptide. The membrane disruption and permeabilization were assessed using the 1,6-diphenyl hexatriene (DPH) fluorescence assay and flow cytometric (FC) assessment of propidium iodide (PI) uptake, respectively. The reactive oxygen species levels were estimated using the FC assessment. The induction of apoptosis and DNA damage were studied using Annexin V-FITC/PI and DAPI.

Results:Bacillus-derived antifungal variant AF4 was found to have structural features typical of lipopeptides. Microscopy imaging revealed that AF4 damages the surface of treated cells and results in membrane permeabilization, facilitating the uptake of the fluorescent dyes. A loss of membrane integrity was observed in cells treated with AF4 due to a decrease in DPH fluorescence and a dose-dependent increase in PI uptake. Cell damage was also determined from the log reduction of viable cells treated with AF4. AF4 treatment also caused elevated ROS levels, induced phosphatidylserine externalisation, late-stage apoptosis, and alterations to nuclear morphology revealed by DAPI fluorescence.

Conclusion: Collectively, the mode of action studies revealed that AF4 acts primarily on the cell membrane of C. albicans and has the potential to act as an antifungal drug candidate.
Causal associations between common musculoskeletal disorders and dementia: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Jiachen , Yang Mingyi , Tian Ye , Feng Ruoyang , Xu Ke , Teng Menghao , Wang Junxiang , Wang Qi , Xu Peng
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Dementia and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are major public health problems. We aimed to investigate the genetic causality of common MSDs and dementia.

Methods

Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used in this study. MR analysis based on gene-wide association study (GWAS) data on osteoarthritis (OA), dementia with Lewy bodies, and other MSDs and dementia types were obtained from the Genetics of Osteoarthritis consortium, IEU-open GWAS project, GWAS catalog, and FinnGen consortium. Rigorously selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms were regarded as instrumental variables for further MR analysis. Inverse-variance weighted, MR–Egger regression, weight median, simple mode, and weight mode methods were used to obtain the MR estimates. Cochran’s Q test, MR–Egger and MR-Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier analysis, and the leave-one-out test were applied for sensitivity testing.

Results

The inverse-variance weighted method showed that hip OA was genetically associated with a lower risk of dementia, unspecified dementia, dementia in Alzheimer’s disease, and vascular dementia. Kneehip OA was inversely associated with unspecified dementia and vascular dementia. Rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis were inversely associated with frontotemporal dementia, and rheumatoid arthritis was inversely associated with unspecified dementia. Simultaneously, ankylosing spondylitis was an independent risk factor for dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, and dementia in Alzheimer’s disease. Sensitivity tests showed that heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy did not exist in these associations. The leave-one-out test showed that these associations were stable.

Conclusion

We found that some MSDs were associated with the risk of dementia and provide evidence for the early detection of dementia in patients with MSDs and for the impact of inflammation on the central nervous system.
Player detection method based on scale attention and scale equalization algorithm
Authors: Zhang Pan , Luo Jiangtao
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Object detection methods for team ball games players often struggle due to their reliance on dataset scale statistics, resulting in missed detections for players with smaller bounding boxes and reduced accuracy for larger bounding boxes.

Methods

This study introduces a two-fold approach to address these challenges. Firstly, a novel multi-scale attention mechanism is proposed, aiming to reduce reliance on scale statistics by utilizing a specially created SIoU (Similar to Intersection over Union) label that explicitly represents multi-scale features. This label guides the training of multi-scale attention network modules at two granularity levels. Secondly, an integrated scale equalization algorithm within SIoU labels enhances the detection ability of multi-scale targets in imbalanced samples.

Results and discussion

Comparative experiments conducted on basketball, volleyball, and ice hockey datasets validate the proposed method. The relative optimal approach demonstrated improvements in the detection accuracy of players with smaller and larger scale bounding boxes by 11%, 7%, 15%, 8%, 9%, and 4%, respectively.
Biomarker study of symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Ding Yingyue , Li Jinjian , Shan Huiyu , Yang Song , Wang Xiyuan , Zhao Dexi
Published: December 2023

Objective

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is characterized by high rates of morbidity, disability, mortality, and recurrence, often leaving patients with varying degrees of sequelae. Symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS) is a significant contributor to AIS pathogenesis and recurrence. The formation and progression of sICAS are influenced by pathways such as lipid metabolism and inflammatory response. Given its high risk of clinical recurrence, timely assessment of intracranial vascular stenosis in AIS is crucial for diagnosing sICAS, treating stroke, and preventing stroke recurrence.

Methods

Fourteen AIS patients were divided into stenosis and control groups based on the presence or absence of intracranial vessel stenosis. Initially, 4D Label-free proteome quantification technology was employed for mass spectrometry analysis to identify differential proteins between the groups. Subsequently, functional enrichment analysis, including GO classification, KEGG pathway, and Domain, revealed trends related to differential proteins. The STRING (v.11.5) protein interaction network database was used to identify differential protein interactions and target proteins. Finally, parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) validated the selected target proteins.

Results

Mass spectrometry identified 1,096 proteins, with 991 being quantitatively comparable. Using a p-value <0.05 and differential expression change thresholds of >1.3 for significant up-regulation and < 1/1.3 for significant down-regulation, 46 differential proteins were identified: 24 significantly up-regulated and 22 significantly down-regulated. PRM experiments validated five proteins related to lipid metabolism and inflammatory response: namely alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), cathepsin G (CTSG), cystatin (CST)3, and fatty acid-binding protein (FABP)1.

Conclusion

The detection of changes in these five proteins in AIS patients can aid in the diagnosis of sICAS, inform stroke treatment, and assist in preventing stroke recurrence. Moreover, it can contribute to the development of drugs for preventing AIS recurrence by integrating traditional Chinese and Western medicine.
Systematic bibliometric and visualized analysis of research hotspots and trends in artificial intelligence in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Jia Qianfang , Wang Xiaofang , Zhou Rongyi , Ma Bingxiang , Fei Fangqin , Han Hui
Published: December 2023

Background

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been the subject of studies in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and may affect its identification, diagnosis, intervention, and other medical practices in the future. Although previous studies have used bibliometric techniques to analyze and investigate AI, there has been little research on the adoption of AI in ASD. This study aimed to explore the broad applications and research frontiers of AI used in ASD.

Methods

Citation data were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database to assess the extent to which AI is used in ASD. CiteSpace.5.8. R3 and VOSviewer, two online tools for literature metrology analysis, were used to analyze the data.

Results

A total of 776 publications from 291 countries and regions were analyzed; of these, 256 publications were from the United States and 173 publications were from China, and England had the largest centrality of 0.33; Stanford University had the highest H-index of 17; and the largest cluster label of co-cited references was machine learning. In addition, keywords with a high number of occurrences in this field were autism spectrum disorder (295), children (255), classification (156) and diagnosis (77). The burst keywords from 2021 to 2023 were infants and feature selection, and from 2022 to 2023, the burst keyword was corpus callosum.

Conclusion

This research provides a systematic analysis of the literature concerning AI used in ASD, presenting an overall demonstration in this field. In this area, the United States and China have the largest number of publications, England has the greatest influence, and Stanford University is the most influential. In addition, the research on AI used in ASD mostly focuses on classification and diagnosis, and “infants, feature selection, and corpus callosum are at the forefront, providing directions for future research. However, the use of AI technologies to identify ASD will require further research.
A fast Monte Carlo cell-by-cell simulation for radiobiological effects in targeted radionuclide therapy using pre-calculated single-particle track standard DNA damage data
Authors: Lim A. , Andriotty M. , Yusufaly T. , Agasthya G. , Lee B. , Wang C.
Published: December 2023

Introduction

We developed a new method that drastically speeds up radiobiological Monte Carlo radiation-track-structure (MC-RTS) calculations on a cell-by-cell basis.

Methods

The technique is based on random sampling and superposition of single-particle track (SPT) standard DNA damage (SDD) files from a “pre-calculated” data library, constructed using the RTS code TOPAS-nBio, with “time stamps” manually added to incorporate dose-rate effects. This time-stamped SDD file can then be input into MEDRAS, a mechanistic kinetic model that calculates various radiation-induced biological endpoints, such as DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), misrepairs and chromosomal aberrations, and cell death. As a benchmark validation of the approach, we calculated the predicted energy-dependent DSB yield and the ratio of direct-to-total DNA damage, both of which agreed with published in vitro experimental data. We subsequently applied the method to perform a superfast cell-by-cell simulation of an experimental in vitro system consisting of neuroendocrine tumor cells uniformly incubated with 177Lu.

Results and discussion

The results for residual DSBs, both at 24 and 48 h post-irradiation, are in line with the published literature values. Our work serves as a proof-of-concept demonstration of the feasibility of a cost-effective “in silico clonogenic cell survival assay” for the computational design and development of radiopharmaceuticals and novel radiotherapy treatments more generally.
A tumor cell specific Zona Pellucida glycoprotein 3 RNA transcript encodes an intracellular cancer antigen
Authors: Schultz Iman J. , Zimmerman Yvette , Moelans Cathy B. , Chrusciel Marcin , Krijgh Jan , van Diest Paul J. , Huhtaniemi Ilpo T. , Coelingh Bennink Herjan J. T.
Published: December 2023

Background

Expression of Zona Pellucida glycoprotein 3 (ZP3) in healthy tissue is restricted to the extracellular Zona Pellucida layer surrounding oocytes of ovarian follicles and to specific cells of the spermatogenic lineage. Ectopic expression of ZP3 has been observed in various types of cancer, rendering it a possible therapeutic target.

Methods

To support its validity as therapeutic target, we extended the cancer related data by investigating ZP3 expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) of tumor biopsies. We performed a ZP3 transcript specific analysis of publicly available RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data of cancer cell lines (CCLs) and tumor and normal tissues, and validated expression data by independent computational analysis and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). A correlation between the ZP3 expression level and pathological and clinical parameters was also investigated.

Results

IHC data for several cancer types showed abundant ZP3 protein staining, which was confined to the cytoplasm, contradicting the extracellular protein localization in oocytes. We noticed that an alternative ZP3 RNA transcript, which we term ‘ZP3-Cancer’, was annotated in gene databases that lacks the genetic information encoding the N-terminal signal peptide that governs entry into the secretory pathway. This explains the intracellular localization of ZP3 in tumor cells. Analysis of publicly available RNA-seq data of 1339 cancer cell lines (CCLs), 10386 tumor tissues (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and 7481 healthy tissues (Genotype-Tissue Expression) indicated that ZP3-Cancer is the dominant ZP3 RNA transcript in tumor cells and is highly enriched in many cancer types, particularly in rectal, ovarian, colorectal, prostate, lung and breast cancer. Expression of ZP3-Cancer in tumor cells was confirmed by qPCR. Higher levels of the ZP3-Cancer transcript were associated with more aggressive tumors and worse survival of patients with various types of cancer.

Conclusion

The cancer-restricted expression of ZP3-Cancer renders it an attractive tumor antigen for the development of a therapeutic cancer vaccine, particularly using mRNA expression technologies.
Summary of the application value of ultrasound imaging features in the clinical differential diagnosis of intramuscular capillary-type hemangioma and fibro-adipose vascular anomaly
Authors: Hu Wen-Jia , Li Hai-Ting , Fan Zhi-Na , Gong Yu-Bin , Guo Xiao-Nan , Dong Chang-Xian , Fan Pan-Hong , Yang Xiao , Wu Gang
Published: December 2023

Objective

To investigate the value of ultrasonography as a diagnostic aid in differentiating intramuscular capillary-type hemangioma (ICTH) from fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA).

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted of the clinical and ultrasound imaging data of 20 patients with ICTH and 45 patients with FAVA who were admitted to and pathologically confirmed in hospital between January 2013 and April 2023. The clinical and ultrasonographic appearances of the lesions in the two groups were compared and analyzed. A stepwise regression analysis was performed, and a joint diagnostic equation was constructed using the final variables selected. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and indicators, including sensitivity and specificity, were used to evaluate the efficacy of the joint diagnostic model.

Results

The two groups of patients suffering from ICTH and FAVA presented a statistically significant difference (P< 0.05) in terms of ‘age’, ‘lesion size’, ‘fascial tail sign’, ‘presence of a fatty-tissue-like hyperecho around the lesion’, ‘blood flow’ and ‘presence of straight blood capillaries within the lesion’. Finally, the variables ‘fascial tail sign’ and ‘presence of straight blood capillaries within the lesion’ were selected to construct the model. The constructed joint diagnostic model had a sensitivity value of 70.0% (95% CI: 59.00–81.00), a specificity value of 98.0% (95% CI: 94.70–100.00) and a ROC curve value of 0.908, indicating the high efficacy of the combined diagnosis method.

Conclusions

Ultrasonography can be utilized to differentiate ICTH from FAVA, and the combined diagnosis method can further improve the technique’s diagnostic efficacy.
Combined inhibition of Wee1 and Chk1 as a therapeutic strategy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Bruyer Angélique , Dutrieux Laure , de Boussac Hugues , Martin Thibaut , Chemlal Djamila , Robert Nicolas , Requirand Guilhem , Cartron Guillaume , Vincent Laure , Herbaux Charles , Lutzmann Malik , Bret Caroline , Pasero Philippe , Moreaux Jérôme , Ovejero Sara
Published: December 2023

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by an abnormal clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells. Despite the introduction of novel agents that have significantly improved clinical outcome, most patients relapse and develop drug resistance. MM is characterized by genomic instability and a high level of replicative stress. In response to replicative and DNA damage stress, MM cells activate various DNA damage signaling pathways. In this study, we reported that high CHK1 and WEE1 expression is associated with poor outcome in independent cohorts of MM patients treated with high dose melphalan chemotherapy or anti-CD38 immunotherapy. Combined targeting of Chk1 and Wee1 demonstrates synergistic toxicities on MM cells and was associated with higher DNA double-strand break induction, as evidenced by an increased percentage of γH2AX positive cells subsequently leading to apoptosis. The therapeutic interest of Chk1/Wee1 inhibitors’ combination was validated on primary MM cells of patients. The toxicity was specific of MM cells since normal bone marrow cells were not significantly affected. Using deconvolution approach, MM patients with high CHK1 expression exhibited a significant lower percentage of NK cells whereas patients with high WEE1 expression displayed a significant higher percentage of regulatory T cells in the bone marrow. These data emphasize that MM cell adaptation to replicative stress through Wee1 and Chk1 upregulation may decrease the activation of the cell-intrinsic innate immune response. Our study suggests that association of Chk1 and Wee1 inhibitors may represent a promising therapeutic approach in high-risk MM patients characterized by high CHK1 and WEE1 expression.
Machine learning extracts marks of thiamine’s role in cold acclimation in the transcriptome of Vitis vinifera
Authors: Konecny Tomas , Nikoghosyan Maria , Binder Hans
Published: December 2023

Introduction

The escalating challenge of climate change has underscored the critical need to understand cold defense mechanisms in cultivated grapevine Vitis vinifera. Temperature variations can affect the growth and overall health of vine.

Methods

We used Self Organizing Maps machine learning method to analyze gene expression data from leaves of five Vitis vinifera cultivars each treated by four different temperature conditions. The algorithm generated sample-specific “portraits” of the normalized gene expression data, revealing distinct patterns related to the temperature conditions applied.

Results

Our analysis unveiled a connection with vitamin B1 (thiamine) biosynthesis, suggesting a link between temperature regulation and thiamine metabolism, in agreement with thiamine related stress response established in Arabidopsis before. Furthermore, we found that epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in regulating the expression of stress-responsive genes at low temperatures in grapevines.

Discussion

Application of Self Organizing Maps portrayal to vine transcriptomics identified modules of coregulated genes triggered under cold stress. Our machine learning approach provides a promising option for transcriptomics studies in plants.
Integration of Shangshan culture into the STEAM curriculum and teaching: results of an interview-based study
Authors: Qian Chen , Ye Jian-Hong , Zheng Chaocan
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Interdisciplinary science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) courses are a popular trend in international education than can help inculcate creativity in students. Although STEAM courses have been widely promoted in China, they are generally unsustainable because they are merely imitations of European and American courses and lack Chinese humanistic factors; a close integration between disciplinary ideas and thinking levels is also lacking. C-STEAM, which is designed to pass down China’s culture, is a form of STEAM education with local Chinese characteristics that are focused on integrating interdisciplinary knowledge with the thought process oriented toward cultural heritage.

Methods

In this study, an innovative higher vocational college course with C-STEAM interdisciplinary principles was constructed, with art and design as the framework, and with the integration of Chinese local culture. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to sample 12 learners from a total of 90 students in the experimental class of the C-STEAM course. The study aimed to provide a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of taking a Packaging Design course combined with C-STEAM from multiple perspectives. After the interviews, based on the BAO model, coding statistics and thematic analysis were conducted to understand the learners’ beliefs, actions, and outcomes after taking the course, and their plans for acquiring C-STEAM interdisciplinary knowledge and learning Chinese local culture.

Results

The integration of the Shangshan culture (上山文化) into the Packaging Design course proved the importance and significance of adding C-STEAM to the art design course, which helped us understand the specific feelings of students after completing the course and gain a deeper understanding of the changes in their knowledge and skills and their learning effects.

Discussion

Integrating C-STEAM education into courses related to art and design is highly warranted to encourage students to apply their interdisciplinary knowledge to artistic exploration and creation. Moreover, to effectively develop a curriculum system with local characteristics, teachers should provide more opportunities for students to explore and learn C-STEAM in the future, and integrate multiple elements into their teaching. In general, a cultural perspective-based interdisciplinary education helps facilitate the creative transformation of traditional Chinese culture.
A single 1,500 m freestyle at maximal speed decreases cognitive function in athletes
Authors: Lai Zhijie , Huang Weiwei , Lin Wentao , Weng Xiquan , Mao Yuheng , Xu Guoqin
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Physical exercise can improve cognitive function, and the degree of impact on cognitive function is related to exercise modality, intensity, and duration. However, few studies have been conducted on the effects of competitive sports on cognitive function. The 1,500 m freestyle is the longest pool-based swimming event in the Olympic Games. This study explores the effects of 1,500 m freestyle at maximal speed on athletes’ cognitive function and analyzes the potential mechanism of cognitive function reduction in freestyle at maximal speed from the perspective of hemoglobin oxygenation difference (Hbdiff).

Methods

A total of 13 male university swimmers were required to take part in a 1,500 m freestyle competition, swimming at maximal speed. The relevant indicators, including cognitive function and freestyle at maximal speed, before and after the competition were tested and analyzed. Cognitive function was assessed using the Schulte grid test (SGT), the trail-making test (TMT), and the digit span test (DST). The neurobiological characteristics of cognitive function, such as the prefrontal cortex (PFC), response time (RT), and accuracy rate (ACC), were tested using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Results

A significant decrease in scores for SGT, TMT, and digit span test-backward (DST-B) (p < 0.01). Oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) concentrations in the right frontopolar area (R-FPA) of brain channels 8 (p < 0.01) and 9 (CH8, 9) (p < 0.05), the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (R-DLPFC) CH10 (p < 0.05), and the middle dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (M-DLPFC) CH18 (p < 0.01) were significantly altered, and the right area of the brain was activated. The total Oxy-Hb concentrations in the regions of interest (ROIs) of R-FPA, R-DLFPC, and M-DLFPC were changed significantly (p < 0.01).

Discussion

The exhaustive performance of a 1,500 m freestyle event resulted in both physical fatigue and a decline in cognitive function. This decline may be attributed to the activation of specific regions of interest, namely the FPA, DLPFC, and M-DLPFC, within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), as well as alterations in functional connectivity.
“COAGULATION”: a mnemonic device for treating coagulation disorders following traumatic brain injury—a narrative-based method in the intensive care unit
Authors: Quintana-Diaz Manuel , Anania Pasquale , Juárez-Vela Raúl , Echaniz-Serrano Emmanuel , Tejada-Garrido Clara Isabel , Sanchez-Conde Pilar , Nanwani-Nanwani Kapil , Serrano-Lázaro Ainhoa , Marcos-Neira Pilar , Gero-Escapa María , García-Criado Jorge , Godoy Daniel Agustín
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Coagulopathy associated with isolated traumatic brain injury (C-iTBI) is a frequent complication associated with poor outcomes, primarily due to its role in the development or progression of haemorrhagic brain lesions. The independent risk factors for its onset are age, severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI), volume of fluids administered during resuscitation, and pre-injury use of antithrombotic drugs. Although the pathophysiology of C-iTBI has not been fully elucidated, two distinct stages have been identified: an initial hypocoagulable phase that begins within the first 24 h, dominated by platelet dysfunction and hyperfibrinolysis, followed by a hypercoagulable state that generally starts 72 h after the trauma. The aim of this study was to design an acronym as a mnemonic device to provide clinicians with an auxiliary tool in the treatment of this complication.

Methods

A narrative analysis was performed in which intensive care physicians were asked to list the key factors related to C-iTBI. The initial sample was comprised of 33 respondents. Respondents who were not physicians, not currently working in or with experience in coagulopathy were excluded. Interviews were conducted for a month until the sample was saturated. Each participant was asked a single question: Can you identify a factor associated with coagulopathy in patients with TBI? Factors identified by respondents were then submitted to a quality check based on published studies and proven evidence. Because all the factors identified had strong support in the literature, none was eliminated. An acronym was then developed to create the mnemonic device.

Results and conclusion

Eleven factors were identified: cerebral computed tomography, oral anticoagulant & antiplatelet use, arterial blood pressure (Hypotension), goal-directed haemostatic therapy, use fluids cautiously, low calcium levels, anaemia-transfusion, temperature, international normalised ratio (INR), oral antithrombotic reversal, normal acid–base status, forming the acronym “Coagulation.” This acronym is a simple mnemonic device, easy to apply for anyone facing the challenge of treating patients of moderate or severe TBI on a daily basis.
A Comparison of the Use of Artificial Intelligence Methods in the Estimation of Thermoluminescence Glow Curves
Authors: Dogan Tamer
Published: December 2023

In this study, the thermoluminescence (TL) glow curve test results performed with eleven different dose values were used as training data, and its attempted to estimate the test results of the curves performed at four different doses using artificial intelligence methods. While the dose values of the data used for training were 10, 20, 50, 100, 150, 220, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 900 Gy, the selected dose values of the data for the testing were 40, 276, 320, and 800 Gy. The success of the experimental and artificial neural network results was determined according to the mean squared error (RMSE), regression error (R2), root squared error (RSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) criteria. Studies have been carried out on seven different neural network types. These networks are adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), general regression neural network (GRNN), radial basis neural network (RBNN), cascade-forward backprop neural network (CFBNN), Elman backprop neural network (EBNN), feed-forward backprop neural network (FFBNN), and layer recurrent neural network (LRNN). This study concluded that the neural network with the Elman backpropagation network type demonstrated the best network performance. In this network, the training success rate is 80.8%, while the testing success rate is 87.95%.
High-Dimensional Mediation Analysis for Time-to-Event Outcomes with Additive Hazards Model
Authors: An Meng , Zhang Haixiang
Published: December 2023

Mediation analysis plays an increasingly crucial role in identifying potential causal pathways between exposures and outcomes. However, there is currently a lack of developed mediation approaches for high-dimensional survival data, particularly when considering additive hazard models. The present study introduces two novel approaches for identifying statistically significant mediators in high-dimensional additive hazard models, including the multiple testing-based mediator selection method and knockoff filter procedure. The simulation results demonstrate the outstanding performance of these two proposed methods. Finally, we employ the proposed methodology to analyze the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort in order to identify DNA methylation markers that mediate the association between smoking and survival time among lung cancer patients.
Comparative Studies on Soil Quality Index Estimation of a Hilly-Zone Sub-Watershed in Karnataka
Authors: Yadav M. Bhargava Narasimha , Patil P. L. , Hebbara M.
Published: December 2023

The assessment of soil quality aims to evaluate the utility and health of soils. In agricultural studies, soil productivity can be likened to soil quality. Evaluating the Soil Quality Index (SQI) solely based on surface properties offers an incomplete picture because productivity is influenced by both surface and subsurface characteristics, with the latter associated with pedogenic processes. Additionally, relying on weighted averages of soil properties from a soil profile for the SQI may offer an overall summary, but it can occasionally obscure variations that manifest across different soil horizons. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the SQI in the Ganjigatti sub-watershed using data from 27 soil profiles and three different methods: (1) assessment of horizon-wise SQI by subjecting the soil properties of every horizon to principal component analysis (PCA), followed by the calculation of the weighted averages of the SQI for each soil profile (SQI-1); (2) calculation of the weighted averages of the soil properties for each soil profile, subjected to PCA, and followed by an SQI assessment (SQI-2); and (3) SQI assessment considering the properties of the Ap horizon for each soil profile (SQI-3). Additionally, to validate SQI methodologies, correlation studies were conducted against major crop yields in the sub-watershed. The results showed that cation exchange capacity (CEC) has the most significant weight and contribution to the SQI determined using MDS, followed by porosity, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), organic carbon (OC), CN ratio, and total N. SQI-1 was most strongly correlated with crop yield; the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.69 to 0.74. Among all the three methodologies, SQI-1 and -2 were better methods for assessment of SQI compared to SQI-3. In the SQI-1 method, the soil quality of pedons ranged from 0.26 (pedon-26) to 0.74 (pedon-11). The majority of the area in the sub-watershed (72.40%) fell within the medium category of SQI (0.35–0.55), followed by the high category of SQI (>0.55), which comprised 12.92%, and the low SQI (<0.35), which comprised 6.45% of the sub-watershed.
COPY RIGHT PROTECTION FOR NETFLIX STREAMING VIDEO CIRCULATED IN TELEGRAM
Authors: Safira Ishma , Lubis Efridani , Fauziah Fauziah
Published: December 2023

This study discusses copyright protection for Netflix streaming videos circulating on Telegram, where technological developments, especially in the field of information (internet) are widely used by irresponsible people by circulating Netflix streaming videos on Telegram which can be watched by the general public without subscribing. The author examines the forms of copyright infringement on the circulation of Netflix streaming videos on Telegram and how the copyright protection of Netflix streaming videos circulating on Telegram is based on the laws and regulations in force in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical with a law approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study conclude that the form of copyright protection for Netflix streaming videos circulating on Telegram is regulated in Indonesian laws and regulations, namely UUHC Number 28 of 2014, ITE Law Number 19 of 2016, and Law Number 33 of 2009 concerning Film. Copyright protection that can be done on Netflix streaming videos circulating on Telegram is preventive and repressive protection. Thus, it can be seen that the government's efforts as a form of preventive protection are urgently needed with socialization to the public not to use pirated products and repressive efforts by becoming a forum for following up on reports of copyright infringement in order to reduce piracy in Indonesia.
APPLICATION OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE TO DRUGS CASES OF POTENT DRUG LIST G CLASS 2
Authors: Prasetyo Elang , Makarao Taufik , Fauziah Fauziah
Published: December 2023

The concept of Restorative Justice has actually been around for quite some time, more than twenty years ago as an alternative settlement of criminal cases, especially children, with various considerations. As stated by John Braithwaite that, Restorative Justice is a new direction between "justice" and "walfare model", then between "retribution" and "rehabilitation". Restorative justice is a settlement process that is carried out outside the criminal justice system by involving victims, perpetrators, victims' families and perpetrators' families, the community and parties with an interest in a criminal act that occurred to reach an agreement and settlement. The problem of hard drugs is a serious problem in the world of health. People who do not know become victims. Even though it is not certain that the drug being abused is correct and the composition is correct. Obviously this is very dangerous for patients or users of certain brands of drugs, especially hard drugs (list G drugs) which contain active ingredients, can cause dependence, because other than drugs if used improperly or without a doctor's prescription, on the contrary, they will become toxic to the human body and endanger health. . The formulation of the problem is as follows: (1) How is the urgency of justice in the implementation of Restorative Justice in cases of hard drugs listed G Group 2? (2) How effective is the implementation of the implementation of the application of Restorative Justice in cases of hard drugs listed G Group 2? The research method used is normative juridical with data collection techniques using library research and document studies and data analysis techniques using normative analysis methods. The results of the study show that: (1) The Restorative Justice approach can help to reduce the abuse of hard drugs listed G Group 2 in a more effective way, through recovery of perpetrators and their return to society. In this case, the Restorative Justice approach can also help to build a safer and healthier environment for the community. (2) Based on existing research, it can be concluded that regulations have good effectiveness in implementing restorative justice in drug cases belonging to group G. The restorative justice approach prioritizes recovery and rehabilitation of offenders, offering opportunities for offenders to improve themselves and return to being a good member of society. contribute. Therefore, restorative justice arrangements for drug cases belonging to group G not only provide a deterrent effect for perpetrators, but also provide opportunities for self-improvement and reintegration into society as activists.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF PASPAMPRES WHICH SERVICES ASSIGNED TO SECURE THE PRESIDENT
Authors: Permadi Danardana , Mulyono Mulyono , Riyanto Slamet
Published: December 2023

This legal research on legal protection for Paspampres soldiers tasked with securing the President aims to examine and formulate forms of legal protection for Paspampres soldiers tasked with securing the President. The formulation of the problem includes: (a) how is the legal protection for Paspampres soldiers in charge of securing the president; and (b) and how to formulate the ideal concept of legal protection for the Paspampres which has the duty to protect/secure the president. The research method used in this research is explanatory with a normative juridical approach. The results of this study indicate that legal protection for soldiers who carry out the task of protecting the President is still low and inadequate with their very heavy duty as a safety, protector, and life shield for the Head of State. Paspampres soldiers are still often blamed when there is a security threat to the President, even though the threat actually comes from the President's lack of/disobedience to the security protocol, while Paspampres soldiers have clearly worked according to the SOP. Protection of Paspampres Soldiers in general with legal protection for other TNI soldiers. Until now, there has been no special protection arrangement for the Presidential Security Forces when it comes to securing the President. The ideal concept for the protection of Paspampres soldiers is to be specifically differentiated and improved in quality, commensurate with the weight of the duties and security of the President. Therefore, it is necessary to make special regulations regarding legal protection for Paspampres Soldiers. One of the contents of the special regulation is that the Paspampres soldiers are not blamed if there is a threat to the President's security due to the President not complying with the security protocol, while the Paspampres soldiers have clearly complied with the SOP in securing the President. The conclusion of this study is the need to formulate special regulations regarding legal protection for Paspampres Soldiers.
Self-Efficacy dengan Kepatuhan Mengonsumsi Tablet Fe pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III di RSUD Al-Ihsan Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Fitri Riska De , Kusniasih Susi , Sakti Bani
Published: December 2023

Tingkat kesadaran ibu hamil dalam mengonsumsi tablet Fe masih kurang optimal. Berkaitan dengan self-efficacy yaitu keyakinan tentang ibu hamil untuk dapat mengonsumsi tablet Fe. Kemungkinan ibu hamil mengalami anemia akan dipengaruhi oleh efikasi diri dan kepatuhan minum tablet Fe. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan self-efficacy dengan kepatuhan mengonsumsi tablet-Fe pada ibu hamil trimester tiga. Sebuah studi observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional adalah metode penelitian ini. Populasi terjangkau penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil pada trimester ketiga yang telah menggunakan 90 tablet Fe pada Mei 2023, metode accidental sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 57 responden. Menggunakan kuesioner, wawancara digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Uji Chi-square digunakan untuk tujuan analisis data. Di RSUD-Al-Ihsan Provinsi Jawa Barat, penelitian ini menemukan adanya korelasi (p-value=0,037) antara efikasi diri ibu hamil dengan kesediaan ibu-hamil untuk minum tablet Fe.  Ketidakpatuhan tablet Fe 3,733 kali lebih mungkin terjadi pada ibu hamil dengan efikasi diri rendah. Efikasi diri ditemukan sebagai faktor risiko ibu hamil trimester III di RSUD Al-Ihsan Provinsi Jawa Barat tidak mengkonsumsi tablet Fe. Kepatuhan harus ditekankan oleh penyedia layanan kesehatan, ibu hamil yang patuh harus dilibatkan sebagai panutan, dan keluarga melibatkan diri sebagai pendamping.
Gastronomia sustentável e seu impacto socioambiental: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Godoy Carolina de Fatima Mantovani , Felipe Daniele Fernanda , Ferrari Ariana
Published: December 2023

A inserção de práticas sustentáveis na gastronomia, tais como a utilização integral dos alimentos e o reaproveitamento dos mesmos contribui para a redução do efeito negativo do consumo alimentar no meio ambiente e, consequentemente auxilia na segurança alimentar e nutricional. Desse modo, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo revisar a literatura científica sobre o impacto da gastronomia sustentável no desenvolvimento socioambiental. O modelo de gastronomia sustentável inclui a elaboração de cardápios com alimentos sazonais, utilizando-se, sempre que possível, alimentos na sua integralidade evitando-se assim a geração de resíduos sólidos além de diminuir o desperdício dos alimentos.
Le rêve de Stresa (1re partie)
Authors: Vanwelkenhuyzen Jean
Published: December 2023

The interwar era is not only the story of a slide towards a new rending-asunder of Europe. The first half of the 1930s saw a final series of efforts to put a stop to the rising tide of peril. Mussolini suggested a 'Four Power Pact' associating Germany with the search for a détente to dissipate the contentious issues born out of the Great War. Hitler's arrival in power dispelled this mirage. German rearmament became blatant. Seeking to ward off fate, Mussolini invited France and Great Britain to act in concert with Italy. From this initiative emerged the illusory 'Stresa Front'. The United Kingdom avoided making the slightest commitment. Its interests were worldwide, central Europe looked to the British like a hornet's nest, and they lacked the means necessary for a military intervention. The episode was reduced to conversations between the French and Italian military staffs. A plan for common action started to take shape for the event of a German initiative. But if the Italians pushed this, France was hesitant. Excessively divergent interests dragged them apart. Furthermore, in the states that enjoyed a freedom of expression, the political authorities were ensnared by the dominant strands of opinion. Their publics preferred butter to guns. All the politicians could do was save face, whilst the balance of forces continued to shift steadily to the detriment of the democracies.
Le désengagement militaire français au Maroc au lendemain de l'indépendance
Authors: Aouchar Amina
Published: December 2023

France military disengagement in the aftermath of Moroccan independence

When the Treaty of Protectorate was annulled on 2 March 1956, 100 000 French troops remained in Morocco. The negotiations that led to Moroccan independence provided for both the commencement of Franco-Moroccan military cooperation and the continuation of a French troop presence (by the terms of a Protocol annexed to the declaration of 2 March 1956). This protocol would be the source of misunderstandings, for it did not specify the duration of the transitional period and said nothing about the size of the French force nor about the nature of its mission. The Franco-Moroccan mixed commission charged by the 2 March 1956 accord with resolving matters left in suspense never met, despite several abortive attempts. The regional situation, marked by both the war in Algeria and the Franco-Moroccan quarrel over Mauretania, combined to complicate the French withdrawal which was not completed until 1961. France nonetheless contributed to the establishment of the Royal Moroccan armed forces and the two nations managed to put in place a policy of military cooperation that has proved durable and dynamic.
Lyautey : une leçon de vie
Authors: Renaud Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2023

Lyautey : a lesson in life

Described as a «Moroccan», as a «Magician », passionate about the Urbs Condita, seeing himself as a «solutionist», a «creator of life», Lyautey chose a motto for himself borrowed from the poet Shelley : «The soul's joy lies in action». For his contemporaries, and even more so following his death when his aura was transformed into myth, Lyautey was one of the greatest «socially aware» people of the time, a model for generations of military officers. However, it is less well known that whatever the period of his life (1873-93, or 1893-1903, or from 1903-34) this thirst for action, so striking and so explicit in the field, remained unsatisfied. The combustion point for his «immolated dream» was, without doubt, his defeat at the Ministry of War on 14 March 1917. Lyautey was a peerless organiser, ahead of his time for his thinking in Du Rôle Social de l'Officier, a work now more relevant than ever. But his sharp political shifts of course saw his destiny - a destiny he wished to be of national importance - end up short of both his ambition and his genius.
Renaissance de la Marine royale marocaine depuis l'indépendance jusqu'à nos jours
Authors: el Mouatani M’Barek
Published: December 2023

The Rebirth of the Royal Moroccan Navy from indépendance to the present

Obliged to cease operating at the beginning of the XXth Century, Morocco's fighting fleet was reborn at independence under the name of the Royal Moroccan Navy. Its development has occurred in three phases :

The putting of the structures in place and creation of a first naval group.

Then the acquisition of modern naval combat, maritime surveillance and transport vessels consequent on the missions entailed in the recovery of the southern Saharan provinces - and also an effort to develop infrastructures and training establishments ;

Finally, from 2002 the creation of a naval aviation component.

Throughout these periods, the evolution of the Royal Moroccan Navy has been accompanied by active assistance from the French fleet under the aegis of military cooperation agreements.
La propagande anti-française au Maroc en 1915
Authors: Bicer Abdil
Published: December 2023

Anti-French Propaganda in Morocco in 1915

When Germany went to war against France in 1914, she planned from the opening days of hostilities to put in place a vast network of propaganda. The objective of this was the destabilising of France's position in her colonies, and also within countries that had remained neutral. From November 1914, therefore, with the entry of the Ottoman Empire into the conflict and the proclamation of a Holy War, the Germans souqht to use the Fatwa issued by Sheikh al-Islam as an instrument for the conduct of propaganda in Muslim lands, the principal theme of which would be Jihad and the freedom of Islam.
La coopération militaire maroco-française en matière de formation
Authors: Tellal Abdelali
Published: December 2023

Franco-Moroccan military cooperation over training

Envisaged under the format of the dispatch of seconded personnel or the welcoming of instructors to Morocco, Franco-Moroccan military cooperation in the realm of training first occurred in the XIXth Century. After Morocco's independence this cooperation continued with the Royal Moroccan Armed Forces also wanting to take charge of training adapted to their own requirements. Regulated since 1994 by a bilateral accord, cooperation thereafter took the form of a willingness of both parties to ensure that training of a hign level and high standard occurred. This has been consolidated by training of a joint character. Facilitated by similarities between their respective doctrines and procedures, Franco-Moroccan military cooperation in the training domain has the benefit of giving the two armies an even more close-knit interoperability.