bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Hybrid Joint Analysis for Aircraft Structures
Authors: Cormos Raul , Neagoe Catalin Andrei , Ciolca Miruna
Published: January 2024

Metal-composite joints, or hybrid joints are prevalent in aerospace structures due to their high strength and low weight. Such structures are usually found in areas where because of the load configuration, the use of composite materials is possible. Thereby, the analysis of such areas needs to consider both components, the metallic and the composite part. In this paper a hybrid joint is analyzed, consisting of a metallic stiffener, a multilayered honeycomb composite material, and joining fasteners, which constitute the joint between the isotropic and orthotropic materials. The present article has two main purposes: the first is to illustrate a pre-design procedure aimed to evaluate the load-carrying capability of a hybrid joint structure, thereby giving an estimate if the structure can withstand the given loading conditions; the second purpose is to present two types of finite element modeling techniques, one that captures the real geometric structure of the composite material and another which uses a simplified equivalent model, based on the desired level of evaluation of the composite material part. A comparison between the two models is made, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the two forms of evaluations. For the metallic parts - stiffener and fasteners, both static and fatigue analyses were performed, as fatigue failure represents the common service failure mode for this type of structural components.
Mechanical Properties, DMA and Structural Analysis of Cassia Auriculata/PLA Blended Hybrid bio Matrix Composite
Authors: Srinivasan Sengalani Perumal , Giri Raghavendran , Santhanam Vajjiram , Prabhu Paulraj
Published: January 2024

In this study, hybrid composite material composed of Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) and Cassia Auriculata (CA) were fabricated and the mechanical properties were evaluated to assess the impact of bio filler loading in the bio polymer (PLA) matrix. In order to fabricate the composite specimens, the CA bio filler was added to the PLA matrix in proportions of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% by volume. In line with ASTM specifications, experiments were conducted to establish how the hybrid bio matrix, which was composed of both PLA and CA influenced the composite s mechanical characteristics. The test results indicated that adding 30 percent CA to PLA enhanced the material s mechanical, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric properties. The composite composition with better properties was considered for further fabrication of a colposcopy fixture, the component was fabricated using additive manufacturing methodology.
Influence of Sliding Speed and Glass Bead Concentration on 3D Roughness Parameters
Authors: Deleanu Lorena , Maftei Laura , Ojoc George Ghiocel , Ceoromila Alina , Titire Larisa Chiper , Georgescu Constantin
Published: January 2024

This paper presents an analysis of 3D amplitude and functional parameters for worn surfaces of composites with polyamide 6 as matrix and different glass bead concentrations (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 50%wt). The worn surfaces after dry sliding of a steel pin on a disk, for 10 km, at constant velocity (0.5 m/s, 1 m/s and 1.5 m/s) and under an average pressure of 1 MPa. There were done two tests under the same conditions. On each worn track, there were investigated three surfaces of 500 μm x 500 μm with a contact profilometer. The number of points on the scan line was 200 points and the step between lines was 5μm. The following amplitude parameters were measured and calculated for assessed surfaces: the arithmetic mean deviation, Sa, the root mean square deviation, Sq, the maximum height of surface prominence, Sp, the maximum surface depth, Sv, the maximum height, St, the skewness factor, Ssk and the kurtosis, Sku. The discussed functional parameters are the reduced peak height, Spk, the height of the core of the surface, Sk and the depth of the valley zone, Svk. The comparison of their values makes posible to evaluate if the worn surface could function in a new running or the replacement of the component is recommended. Considering that machine components have intermittent operation, these worn surfaces becoming initial surfaces for the following cycle of contact operation. Based on the average values of amplitude and functional parameters, it was found that a relatively good surface quality is preserved for concentrations of 10...30%wt glass beads, for v=0.5...1 m/s (Sa and Sq having similar trend); for lower concentrations and for 50% glass beads, the parameter values increase but without identifying a distinct relationship with the working regime, especially for 2.5 and 5% glass beads.
In vitro Study on Water Absorption of Dental Restorative Materials
Authors: Todor Liana , Fluieras Razvan , Bonta Dan Florin , Olariu Iustin , Lile ioana Elena , Stana Otilia Lavinia , Popovici Ramona Amina , Todor sergiu Andrei , Domocos Daniela , Matichescu Ana Maria
Published: January 2024

Among the properties of materials for direct coronal restorations, water absorption is particularly important, influencing the mechanical properties, color and adhesion of the restorations made.The aim of this study was to compare the water absorption of six dental restorative materials, two composite, two compomers and two glass ionomers. Water absorption was determined on disk samples. 30 discs were prepared, 5 of each studied material, with a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. The water absorption test was carried out based on the ISO 4049 specification. The composites and compomers showed a water absorption within the standard limits (40 �g/mm3). Glass ionomers show high water absorption, therefore to be used as coronal restorative materials they need to be coated with a protective varnish.
The Study of the Glass Fiber Surface Treatment Effect on the Base Strength Characteristics of the Composite Material
Authors: Antypas Imad Rezakalla , Dyachenko Alexey Gennadyevech
Published: January 2024

This article examines the impact of surface treatment of glass fibers on the strength of a composite material with an unsaturated polyester polymer matrix reinforced with glass fibers. The strength tests conducted include tensile, bending, and impact strength tests, as well as weight loss measurements. The research was conducted in two stages: in the first stage, the time was kept constant while the fibers were treated with varying concentrations of an alkaline NaOH solution; in the second stage, the concentration was fixed and the variable parameter was the treatment time. The results of the study indicate that surface treatment of glass fibers significantly improves their adhesion to the matrix materials, resulting in improved strength test results for the composite samples. The impact resistance, bending resistance, and tensile strength values all increased compared to the reference samples. However, certain changes in the individual parameters of fiber processing led to a slight decrease in tensile strength when it fell below the reference values. Additionally, it was observed that as the concentration of the solution and treatment time increased, the weight of the fibers decreased.
AN EMPLOYEE ATTITUDE SURVEY AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL
Authors: Stam polis Dr. Anthony
Published: January 2024

AN EMPLOYEE ATTITUDE SURVEY AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL
SOME ASPECTS OF THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN LIBYA
Authors: El Danasouri Dr. Gamal
Published: January 2024

SOME ASPECTS OF THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONIN LIBYA
نظرة في سياسة الدخول
Authors: شفیق الراوی د.علاء
Published: January 2024

أن سياسة الدخول تهدف الى تحقيق غرضين اساسيين هما : ضمان تقدم 

اقتصادی متوازن من ناحية و توزیع عادل من ناحية ثانية . والمقصود من العرض الاول هو ابقاء معدل الزيادة في الدخول النقدية في الفترة الزمنية الطويلة في حدود معدل زيادة الانتاج الوطني وذلك من أجل الوقوف بوجه التضخم النقدي الذي حصل منذ الحرب العالمية الثانية في معظم دول العالم . وظاهرة التضخم هذه تعتبر ظاهرة اصيلة في اسبابها ونتائجها . 

فبدون الدخول في تفاصيل اسباب ارتفاع الأسعار وهي كثيرة ، من المكن التأكيد على نقطتين أساسيتين :

1- يتميز الاقتصاد المعاصر بوجود النقابات التي تستطيع أن تلعب دورا مهما في تحديد مستوى الاجور ، ومن الطبيعي أن تطالب النقابات بزيادة الأجور بصورة مستمرة مما يؤدي احيانا الى ظهور التضخم نتيجة لارتفاع تكاليف الانتاج . ومن المعروف أن السلطات النقدية لا تستطيع مقاومة هذا النوع من التضخم بسهولة . فتقیید الائتمان أو زيادة الضرائب التي تستخدم اعتياديا المقاومة التضخم س وف تؤدي في هذه الحالة الى نتيجة واحدة هي الحد من النشاط الاقتصادي، ومن ثم ظهور البطالة . وسينجم عن ذلك ليس فقط الاضرار بعدد قليل من الأشخاص على حد قول بعض الاقتصاديين ، والذي يعتبر من الناحية الاجتماعية غير مقبول ، وانما صعوبة المحافظة على ثبات الاسعار اذا كانت الصناعات التي تقلص نشاطها من الصناعات المتزايدة الانتاج اذن يجب التدخل في مرحلة تكوين الدخول اذا اريد عدم التضحية بالتقدم الاقتصادي والتشغيل الكامل من اجل ثبات قيمة النقود .

2- أما النقطة الثانية التي يجب التأكيد عليها بالنسبة للاقتصاد المعاصر فهي ضرورة التوفيق بين اتجاهات الاستثمارات الخاصة التي تهدف الى الحصول على أكبر ایراد ممكن من ناحية و اشباع بعض الحاجات الجماعية عن طريق القيام ببعض الاستثمارات العامة والتي ربما يؤدي نقصها الى تباطوء التقدم الاقتصادي من ناحية ثانية . ففي الانظمة المختلطة يوجد تقسيم للاختصاص بين القطاع العام والقطاع 

الخاص.
By M. "HARD" AND "SOFT" LINES IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Bronsenbrenner M.
Published: January 2024

It is flattering to be asked for an essay relevant to the economic problems of North Africa, when one has never visited that area and knows almost nothing about its languages, history, and cultures. If the ideas or “insights” which follow do not fit North African realities, let the reader remember their derivation — partly from the international Ivory Tower, and partly from conditions in developing and reconstructing countries on the Asian side of the Pacific Ocean.
طريق النهضة الليبية
Authors: مازق حسين
Published: January 2024

طريق النهضة الليبية
ميزانية الاتحاد السوفيتي
Authors: العريبي مصباح
Published: January 2024

ميزانية الاتحاد السوفيتي
L'INFLATION DANS LA THÉORIE ECONOMIQUE MODERNE
Authors: Haidar Hachem
Published: January 2024

L'INFLATION DANS LA THÉORIE ECONOMIQUE MODERNE
A SEQUEL TO 'A STUDY OF MONTHLY INDEXES FOR FOOD IN TRIPOLI TOWN (1959 - 1963)
Authors: Dutta Jangeshwar
Published: January 2024

A SEQUEL TO 'A STUDY OF MONTHLY INDEXES FOR FOODIN TRIPOLI TOWN (1959 - 1963)
THE LIBYAN ECONOMY: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Heitmann George
Published: January 2024

THE LIBYAN ECONOMY: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF BU TRABA A SETTLEMENT ON THE COASTAL STRIP OF CYRENAICA
Authors: Meliczel Hans
Published: January 2024

SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF BU TRABAA SETTLEMENT ON THE COASTAL STRIP OF CYRENAICA
العوامل الاقتصادية لجنوح الأحداث في ليبيا
Authors: عريم خالد
Published: January 2024

الاجرام ظاهرة اجتماعية موجودة في الوقت الحاضر داخل المجتمعات البشري كافة ، نشاهدها في جميع البلاد الرأسمالية والاشتراكية والناميـة . ولا يقتصر انتشار ظاهرة الاجرام بين البالغين فحسب ، انما هي منتشرة بين الاحداث أيضا . والجريمة بوصفها هذا ( من حيث هي ظاهرة اجتماعية عامة شاملة ) كانـت وما تزال موضع اهتمام الباحثين والمختصين بدراسة الظواهر الاجتماعية المرضية فقد دأب هؤلاء على تقصى العوامل التي تؤدى الى حدوثها وبيان وتأثر تطورهـا والسعى لايجاد العلاج الكفيل بالتخفيف من حدوثها على أمل القضاء عليهـا يوما ما .
ایرادات ليبيا من النفط
Authors: وليم  , د.اوبراین
Published: January 2024

ایرادات ليبيا من النفط
A SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY OF AGEDABIA
Authors: Al-Tahir Abdul Jalil
Published: January 2024

The following abstracts are short synopses of articles appearing in the Arabicpart of the Review. They are summarized here for the benefit of those who cannot read Arabic. Ih a like manner, each major English or French article is presented as a short résumé in the Arabic section.
INCOME ELASTICITIES OF DEMAND FOR MIDDLE AND LOW INCOME LIBYAN EMPLOYEES IN TRIPOLI
Authors: S. Mukerji S. Mukerji
Published: January 2024

The present study is based on the data collected in the FamilyBudget Survey of Tripoli in 1962 1. The 1962 survey was primarilyconducted to establish suitable weights for the calculation of a Cost ofLiving Index for a specific group of Libyan employees in Tripoli.However, the extensive set of tables provided in the report enables oneto make some econometric studies. In this work an attempt has beenmade to estimate income elasticities of demand for food, housing,clothing, and miscellaneous items of consumer expenditure. The methodadopted for analysis is similar to that given by Wold and Jureen 2.Field work for the Tripoli survey was completed within three months---15th. January to 15th. April 1962. It may not, therefore, be verywrong to assume that the prices for the consumer goods remainedconstant throughout the period.
ELASTICITY OF DEMAND ON THE TWO SIDES OF THE RECTANGULAR HYPERBOLA
Authors: Mukerji A. M. El-Beih
Published: January 2024

While explaining elasticity of demand most of the modern bookson economics refer to the important relationships which exist amongelasticity, price changes and the total amount which the consumersspend on a certain commodity. If a decrease in price raises the quan-tity so much as to increase the total outlay of the consumers, then
فائض ميزان المدفوعات الألماني الاشارة الى الفائض الليبي
Authors: البيه عبد المنعم
Published: January 2024

ما كادت الحرب العالمية الثانية تضع أوزارها عام 1945 ، حتى وجدت ألمانيا الغربية نفسها في وضع اقتصادی ، بداخله اليأس والقنوط ، لان الحرب دمرت الوحدات الصناعية التي اعتمدت عليها الصناعة الألمانية ، وأتلفت طرق المواصلات بوجه عام والسكك الحديدية بوجه خاص ، وشلت الحركة التجارية وهدمت ۲۰/ من مباني المانيا 1. وبدا نقص المواد الغذائية والضروريات واضحا ، حتی آن الطائرات الامريكية ، كانت تمد القرى والمدن النائية ، بالدقيق بالباراشوت . لا بل رقت بعض قلوب المنتصريين ، فتألفت بعض الجمعيات بأمريكا وانجلترا ، المساعدة الألمان ومدهم بالاغذية والسلع الضرورية ، وانقسمت المانيا إلى شطرين، وأصبح اتجار النصف الغربي مع النصف الشرقي ، أصعب من اتجار المانيا الغربية مع دول أوروبا . في هذه الظروف القاسية ، ظهرت الحاجة الملحة الى الانشاء والتعمير ، وظهرت أيضا استحالة ذلك لعدم وجود المدخرات ، التي تجد طريقها للاستثمار . وزاد الطين بلة ، أن الوحدة النقدية «الرايخمارك» كانت قد هوت
SEASONAL MOVEMENT IN THE CONSUMPTION OF MEAT IN BENGHAZI
Authors: S. Mukorji  , A. Yamani  , Hawaiw Abdessalam
Published: January 2024

Agricultural commodities generally exhibit market variations within a year. In certain months in a year the production of a given commodity is more than in other months. Meat, though not an agricultural commodity itself, shows a set pattern of variation over the seasons. Breeding, live-stock feed and available number of animals in marketable shape all depend on seasons.
خطة لسد احتياجات ليبيا من اليد العاملة
Authors: الانصاری د.على رفاعه
Published: January 2024

كثيرا ما نسمع صيحات عن اليد العاملة احداها تقول أن ليبيا تشكو عجزا 

في اليد العاملة . 

واحداها تقول هناك عاطلون لا يجدون عملا . وأخرى تقول عندنا بطالة مقنعة وتضخم في الجهاز الإداري . ورابعة تنادی استكملوا النقص من اليد العاملة الأجنبية . وأخرى تنادی اقفلوا الباب . . 

هذه الصيحات تناقض احداها الاخرى وكل منها يستند الى أرقام من الاحصاء 

فأين تكمن الحقيقة ? 

هذا هو ما أرادت هذه المقالة أن تعالجه أملا في الوصول الى الحل . 

في الفاتح من سبتمبر سنة 1969 قامت الثورة الليبية المجيدة تنادي بالحرية والاشتراكية والوحدة - ومن التطبيقات التي ظهرت لهذه المبادىء - وأخصها مبدأ الاشتراكية - وضع الفئة العاملة من الشعب في وضعها السليم ووضع الاقتصاد الوطني في خدمة الأهداف الوطنية بل والتخلص من السيطرة الاجنبية في بعض القطاعات . و تفضيل العنصر الوطني في ملء احتياجات العمل وأن لم يكف فتستوفي الاحتياجات من العناصر العربية الاخرى ان وجدت ، فان لم توجد فمن العناصر الأجنبية . 

غير أن أهم التغييرات التي سوف تطرأ على الاقتصاد الليبي هو اعادة النظر لا أستاذ ادارة الاعمال بكلية الاقتصاد والتجارة - بنغازی . 

دراسات في الاقتصاد وادارة الاعمار 

44 

ة فقد كانت الخطة 

الخدمات ولها الأولى 

في مشروعات التنمية الاقتصادية للسنوات الخمس القادمة : تحتوى على كثير من المشروعات التي تتصف بالبذخ أو عده . كما أن الكثير منها كان ولا زال مخصصا لميادين الخدا مشروعات الانتاج . 

ولا زال الوقت مبكرا لمعرفة الاتجاهات بالدقة مما يجعل الاصدار أحكام سليمة ولكننا سنحاول ابراز الحقائق وهي وحدها را 

حلول تبرز للرؤيا في الأفق وسوف نحاول استشفافها عبر جيل من است أن الموضوع يتصل بالمستقبل على المدى البعيد . 

لقد كان الباعث على اجراء هذا البحث هو اختلاف، النظرة بين ع الثورة والعهد البائد ۔ فان العهد البائد مع احساسه بضخامة المشكلة " أن يضع لها الحل الصحيح بل بذل محاولات متخاذلة هنا وهناك بحث المشكلة علاجا جذريا وأحيانا عمد الى اجراءات كانت نتيجتها مضاعفة المشكلة 

فمثلا لم تؤخذ أمور التدريب مأخذا جديا لتتسع دوائره أفقيا ورا فتناول الاعداد والتخصصات والمستويات التي تحتاجها البلاد ولم يحار المسئولون علاجا لتضخم الجهاز الحكومي في مختلف قطاعاته ، بل ساروا عل العكس وأضافوا أليه اعدادا أخرى من الموظفين - وكان للمعاونات الاجتماعية أثر 

المنعكس على البطالة والتقاعد - ولم يضبط التزاوج الحادث بين من يسجلو أنفسهم مزارعين مرة فيفيدون من المنح والمعونات والقروض الزراعية وبين م يفتتحون محالا تجارية أو هم مسجلون موظفين أو مباشرين في دوائر أخرى - وا يفتح باب العمالة الخارجية صريحا لاستجلاب العناصر الصالحة بل ترك أمر للاهواء ولمحاولات المرور من ثغرات القانون والتحايل على نصوصه ۔ والغربه أن العمل الاجنبي لم ينقص بناء على هذه القيود بل زاد في عدده غير مرا المصلحة الوطنية. 

ومع أن الثورة لا تزال وليدة فقد أبرزت هذه المشكلة و نادت بالتفكير العلم السياحية في ايجاد الحلول و نرجو الا يمضي كبير وقت الا وتكون الخطة السليه قد خططت ووضحت الأهداف والوسائل لتحقيقها .
السياسة النقدية مع تطبيقها في الجمهورية العربية الليبية
Authors: لايوجد
Published: January 2024

السياسة النقدية هي «الطريقة التي يمكن بها ، تغيير كمية النقود في المجتمع . وتغيير نفقة الاقتراض ، أي سهولة أو صعوبة الحصول على النقود . ( السياسة النقدية ) احدى الوسائل ، التي تغير مستوى الاتفاق 1 » . وهنـاكتعریف آخر . ربما يكون أشمل وأكمل ، ذكره البروفسور ماكونيل فقـال « السياسة النقدية هي التي تساعد اقتصاد الامة ، على الوصول الى الناتج الكلى . العمالة الكاملة وبغير تضخم ٢ » ثم تعريف، ثالث للبروفسور تريزكوت « أنهـا مع السياسة التي تهدف ، الى منع الناتج الاهلي الاجمالي من الانخفاض ، كي لا تسبطالة بين العمال وقلة في الانتاج ، كما لا يصح أن يزيد الناتج الاهلي الاجمالي . زيادة كبرى دفعة واحدة ، حتى لا يسبب ارتفاعا في مستوى الاثمان " » .
الربحية والسيولة والأمان في المصارف التجارية بين النظامين الرأسمالي والاشتراکی
Authors: السوده أبو السعود
Published: January 2024

Cet article vise à montrer les sens et les mécanismes pour réaliser Je rentabilité, la liquidité et la sécurité en économie capitaliste libérale et leur dévelopement en économie capitaliste planifiée de type français et dans l'économie socialiste de type soviétique. 
Dans l'économie capitaliste planifiée, les sens et les mécanismes des principes bancaires de rentabilité, liquidité et sécurité subsistent avec, parfois, quelques nuances. 
Le profit reste le moteur du systéme économique et la banque comme toute autre entreprise, recherche le profit. Toutefois, le profit bancaire est conditionné par la notion de l'utilité économique du credit. Les objectifs de celui-ci doivent être en concordance avec les objectifs et les instructions de la politique du crédit qui vise à mettre le credit au service du plan économique national. 
L'interêt général avant le profit, voilà le « cadre » de la rentabilité bancaire dans l'économie capitaliste planifiée.
ملاحظات حول مبررات وامكانية اعادة توطين مكان المناطق النائية في ليبيا
Authors: التير د.مصطفى
Published: January 2024

تعد الجمهورية العربية الليبية من حيث المساحة( 540 ,709, 1كم)رابع دولة في أفريقيا بل آن مساحة ليبيا تزيد عن نصف مساحة الهند ومع ذلك لا يتعدى عدد السكان المليوني نسمة . وهذا راجع في المكان الأول إلى أن الغالبية العظمى من مساحة ليبيا صحراء ، والى عدم وجود مصادر ثابتة لمياه الري کالانهار مثلا أو معدل عال من كمية الأمطار السنوية . فليبيا تخلو من الأنهار والبحيرات وعلى الرغم من أن الأمطار تهطل في فصل الشتاء على الأجزاء الشمالية من البلاد فان كمية المطر السنوية لا تكفي لاقامة زراعة مستديمة الا في أجزاء محدودة . ولذلك تعتمد زراعة ليبيا على المياه الجوفية ولم تكتمل بعد الدراسات التي ستوضح إمكانية هذا المصدر من المياه وهل بالامكان الاعتماد على كمية المياه الجوفية اذا ما أريد التوسع في الانتاج الزراعي . لقد قيل بأن كمية المياه الموجودة في البحيرة الجوفية التي اكتشفت عام 1969م تحت رمال واحة الكفرة تعادل كمية المياه التي ستجرى في وادي نهر النيل لمدة ۲۰۰ سنة ، وبالامكان الاعتماد على كمية المياه هذه الزراعة حوالي (193,000) فدانا لمدة تزيد على ۳۰۰ سنة .
دراسة مقارنة لتطور التفكير العلمي بول فرض ثبات قيمة النقود في المحاسبة على مستوى المشروع وعلى المستوى القومی
Authors: شرف د. حسين
Published: January 2024

في سنة 1929 أصدر المعهد الأمريكي المحاسبين مجموعة من الأسس التي تستخدم لإعداد مجموعة إضافية
من القوائم المالية أطلق عليها اصطلاحStatements   General Price-levelوقد تضمنت هذه الأسس
استخدام معامل التصحيح الضمني للنــاتج القومي الاجمالی  Gross National Product Implicit Deflator لتحويل القيمة الجارية للعناصر التي تشملها القوائم المالية الاساسية الى ما يعادلها بالوحدات
النقدية ذات القوة الشرائية السائدة في تاريخ إعداد هذه القوائم .
 ويرى الباحث أن إصدار هذه المجموعة من الأسس تعتبر أهم مراحل التفكير المحاسبي حول فرض ثبات قيمة النقود وذلك لسببين:
 
الأول : أنها تمثل نقطة التحول من مرحلة الجدل الأكاديمي والدراسة التجريبية والتوصيات ذات الطبيعة العامة إلى مرحلة التطبيق العملي بما يتطلبه من توحيد للمفاهيم والأسس التي تستخدم في هذا المجال.
الثاني : أنها تفتح مجالا جديدا من مجالات الدراسة المشتركة بين المحاسبة المالية.
NOTES ON THE POSSIBILITY AND THE JUSTIFICATIONS  POPULATION RESETTLEMENT PROJECTS IN LIBYA
Authors: Attir Dr. Mustafa
Published: January 2024

In this theoritical paper, an attempt has been made to answer two er questions : 1) Is it possible to resettle those Libyans who are living insmall groups scattered in the Libyan desert ? 2) And, what are thejustifications, if any, of population resettlement projects ? The writer sees that it is possible to develop a number of popula tioncenters. Libyans living in scattered oasis are to be moved into suchcenters. However, it is suggested that socio-economic research should becarried on among the small communities for whom the population centersare going to be developed. Such research should focus on providingplanners with an adequate picture of the major social and economiccharacteristics of these small communities. Because, it is very importantthat planners know in advance the age and sex distributions of individualsof these communities, their skills, mojor values, habits, customs, attitudes,and even their level of aspira tions. In other words, planners should beaware of the dominant sub cultures and social structures in order to beable to draw plans of practicle and suitable population resettlementprojects.
تقدير عدد السكان في ليبيا في السنوات من 1964-1984
Authors: فينكاتاشاريا فينكاتاشاريا
Published: January 2024

يحتاج التخطيط القومي في المجالات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والتعليميـة لى تقدير عدد السكان في السنوات المقبلة ـ لذلك فقد حظى موضوع الاسقاطات السكانية باهتمام كثير من الباحثين حيث قام بعضهم بتقدير عدد السكان في ليبيا في السنوات من 1964 – 1984 . وتهتم هذه الدراسة أيضا بتقدير عدد سكان ليبيا في نفس الفترة الزمنية المشار اليها•
COMPLETE CONVERGENCE FOR WEIGHTED SUMS OF SEQUENCES OF NEGATIVELY DEPENDENT RANDOM VARIABLES
Authors: Kolani Y. , Gning A. , Diouf S.
Published: January 2024

This paper is a theoretical contribution on the complete convergence of partial sums. Let $ \lbrace X_n, n \geq 1 \rbrace$ be a sequence of non negatively dependent random, which is stochastically dominated by a random variable $X$ and $\lbrace \ \Psi_{ni} ; 1\leq i \leq n, n\geq 1\rbrace $ be a an array of random variables. Under mild condition we establish the complete convergence for weighted sums $\sum_{i=1}^j \Psi_{ni}X_i $. This result obtained with random coefficients generalizes the work of those obtained with real coefficients [12-14,16]. Our results also generalize those on complete convergence theorem previously obtained from the independent and identically distributed case to negatively dependent.
Studying the Impact of Cognitive Insight on Academic Achievement in Literacy Programs
Authors: El Meniari Abdelilah , Cherqui Abdelhalim , Ali Driss , Saidi Mimoun , Khabbache Hicham
Published: January 2024

Understanding cognizance is crucial; it highlights how individuals analyse and understand information. Meanwhile, adult learning and literacy are essential for personal and social development. This research aims to study the effect of cognizance on academic achievement among novice learners in literacy programs in Morocco. The research sample consisted of 560 male and female learners, using the cognizance scale for the novice learner. The results of the research revealed that there are statistically significant correlations between cognizance and academic achievement among novice learners in literacy programs. This result demonstrates that new learners in literacy programs have the ability to progress and learn independently, even when faced with new challenges while learning to read, write and in mathematics. They can deal with these challenges through self-representation, self-control, self-adaptation, and understanding their own abilities (cognizance). This research can contribute to improving education and developing educational programs to enhance cognizance and adult learning. It can also contribute to developing effective strategies to combat illiteracy and enhance comprehensive human understanding, strengthening society through increased knowledge and cultural awareness.
KEYWORDS
adult learning, academic performance, self-functioning competencies, self-representation, self-directed learning, self-regulation
Family refusal to donate a cornea for transplantation: associated factors and trends
Authors: Silva Isabelle Cristina Nogueira da , Pimentel Rafael Rodrigo da Silva , Moraes Edvaldo Leal de , Santos Marcelo José dos
Published: January 2024

Objective To analyze family refusals to donate a cornea for transplantation in an Organ Procurement Organization. Methods This was a quantitative cross-sectional study on corneal donation refusals from potential brain-dead donors. The data source was based on the Terms of Authorization for Donation of Organs and Tissues signed from January 2001 to December 2020 in an Organ Procurement Organization. Data were collected, tabulated, and analyzed in a descriptive and inferential manner. The present study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results Of the 2,447 Terms of Authorization for Donation of Organs and Tissues signed in the above period, 620 (25.34%) of them refused to donate a cornea. Regarding the time trend of corneal donation refusals, the period 2001-2009 was the only one that showed significance, when the 0-11 and 12-19 age groups showed a decreasing trend and that of 60 years or older showed an increasing trend. In the period 2001-2020, the age groups of 20-40, 41-59, and 60 years or older had lower rates of refusal to donate a cornea (48%, 59%, and 73%, respectively). Conclusion The age group is associated with refusal because older individuals had the highest refusal rates
Utilization of Information Communication and Technology Among Students in St Philomena Catholic Hospital, Benin City
Authors: Osian Eunice , Olawale Yetunde , Akinkunmi Olayide
Published: January 2024

In today’s society, information and communication technologies (ICT) play an important part in almost every area. This descriptive cross-sectional study assessed utilization of information communication and technology among students in St. Philomena Catholic Hospital, Benin City. Convenience sampling approach was used to recruit the 212 participants. The instrument for data collection was structured questionnaire with reliability of 0.786. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze the data. The result shows that the mean ± SD age of the respondent is (22.7 + 4.6 years). Only 29(14.5%) have good access to information communication and technology and 171(85.5%) have poor access information communication and technology. High utilization of information communication and technology was 133(66.5%) while low usage was 67(33.5%). perceived factors affecting utilization of information communication and technology among the respondents include faulty equipment/lack of maintenance 180(90.0%), lack of technical support 178(89.0%), and inadequate computers 165(82.5%), and unavailability of IT equipment in the school 150(75.0%). It is concluded that there is good utilization but poor access to information communication and technology among the students. Therefore, nursing institutions (academic/clinical) should continue to invest in professional development with student-centered ICT labs to encourage students to use modern technology.
Educational Resource Needs and Access to Tertiary Education among People with Disability in Bayelsa State
Authors: Ogbolosingha Samuel Joseph , Eseyin Emmanuel Olorunleke
Published: January 2024

The paper investigated educational resource needs and access to tertiary education among people with disability in Bayelsa State. Three research questions were raised and three hypotheses tested in the study. Mixed method approach was adopted in the study while 165 respondents consisting 160 persons with disability, four Deans of Student Affairs and an executive of Joint National Association of Persons with Disabilities (JONAPWD) in Bayelsa State were sampled for the study using multistage sampling technique. Respondents were selected from within and outside four randomly selected tertiary institutions namely; Bayelsa Medical University (Yenagoa LGA), Federal University Otuoke (Ogbia LGA), Niger Delta University (Southern Ijaw LGA) and Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education (Sagbama LGA). Instruments used for data collection were questionnaire for the persons with disability as well as Focus Group Discussion while five Key Informant Interviews (KIIs)was conducted with the other respondents. Data collected quantitatively were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and t-test while the qualitative data was analyzed using content and thematic analysis. The finding of the study indicated that financial resource, policy intervention and assistive technology were the priority educational resource need of the respondents. Inaccessibility to tertiary education has implication on the employment prospects and human rights of the respondents and this can only be corrected through appropriate policies, better infrastructure among other strategies. There were differences between the opinion of students and non-students on the issues interrogated. It was recommended that the government should collaborate with school administrators to create a fund for persons with disability who wish to acquire tertiary education across all spheres.
The Influence of School Variables On the Academic Performance of Senior Secondary Students in Aba Education Zone, Abia State
Authors: Chukwu Onyinyechi , Ikonne Ugochi Happiness
Published: January 2024

The study investigated the influence of school variables on the academic performance of senior secondary school students in Aba Education Zone, Abia State. Two research questions were posed and two hypotheses formulated. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population consisted of the entire senior secondary two (SS2) students in all the senior secondary schools in nine Local Government Areas in Aba Education Zone in 2021/2022 session. The sample was drawn using multi-stage sampling approach. First, four LGAs were randomly selected from the nine existing LGAs in Aba Education Zone. Secondly, one senior secondary school was randomly selected from each of the four LGAs. Finally, 45 SS2 students from each of the sampled schools were purposively selected for the study. The total sample size was 180 respondents. The instruments for data collection were self-made questionnaire titled “School Variables and Students Academic Performance Questionnaire (SVSAPQ) and Academic Performance Questionnaire (APQ). Reliability coefficient of 0.86 and 0.87 were obtained respectively for SVSAPQ and APQ using Cronbach Alpha Statistics. To achieve the objectives of the study, the research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation and the hypotheses tested at .05 significant levels using independent t-test. The findings revealed that there is a significant influence of school environment and school climate on academic performance among senior secondary school students in Aba Education Zone of Abia State. Based on the findings, it was concluded that good physical school environment and healthy school climate enhance academic performance of students. Based on the conclusion, it was recommended that; Government should ensure that schools are sited in environments that are accessible, secure and large enough to accommodate buildings and all other facilities the learners may require for effective teaching/learning activities. The school administrators and teachers should see that the school climate is toxic-free, friendly, natural and calm enough to get students relaxed for effective academic work. Toxic atmosphere and bullying must be checked and eradicated to facilitate students’ adjustment to school work.
When it begins and what are the first erotic behaviors?
Authors: Estrada-Carmona Sinuhé , Pérez-Aranda Gabriela Isabel , García-Reyes Liliana , Tuz-Sierra . Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research was to analyze the ages of the first erotic behaviors of a sample of people living in the city of Campeche, Mexico; It was an ex post-facto investigation with a correlational scope and a quantitative approach. The sample was non-probabilistic of 512 people to whom an adhoc questionnaire was applied in order to know the age of some of their first sex / erotic experiences. After analyzing the results, it was identified that the strongest correlations (p <0.010) were found between the age at which oral sex was given to another person for the first time and the age at which it was experienced to be masturbated by another person. No significant correlations were found between the number of sexual partners and the time of relationship with the current partner, nor between the number of sexual partners and the ages of initiation of erotic-sexual behaviors. Intercourse is associated with the initiation of other sexual behaviors without reproductive purposes.
The Mental Health Status of Offshore Oil Platform Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria
Authors: Oje Deborah
Published: January 2024

Previous studies indicated that offshore workers have a high level of work-related stress on an everyday basis. This study aims to assess the prevalence and determinants of mental health conditions in offshore oil platform workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Workers of three oil and gas platforms were assessed in this cross-sectional study. Their mental status was evaluated by the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD-8) questionnaire, and Depression Anxiety, Stress Scales (DASS) questionnaires. Furthermore, we assessed satisfaction with life (SWL) with a single question. Finally, multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association of demographic and work-related variables with mental health outcomes. Overall, 278 (Males:197, Females: 81) out of 315 invited workers with a mean age of 35.6 (SD: 7.2) years were included in this study using a random sampling method (participation rate: 88.2%). PTSD symptoms and Insomnia were observed in 9 (3.2%) and 138 (49.6%) of the participants, respectively. The prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were 72 (25.9%),70 (24.6%), and 85 (30.5%), respectively. Based on multivariable (adjusted) logistic regression analysis, women had signiﬁcantly higher odds of stress and anxiety than men; those with an academic education were signiﬁcantly more dissatisﬁed with their lives than those without an academic education. Our ﬁndings revealed a high prevalence of anxiety, depressive symptoms, and stress among offshore oil platformers during the COVID- 19 pandemic, especially in women. Indicating that women and those with a higher education level in the oil platform work settings are more susceptible to stressors.
The Speech of the Repetition of Rhetorical Question “Then Which of the Favours of Your Lord Will You Deny? In Surat AL Rahman
Authors: Alhatim Odeh Sahmi , Elgoudman Khatmeh Suleiman
Published: January 2024

Repetition is a linguistic feature that exists in all languages, and represents different purposes, rhetorical, emphatic, or otherwise. A problematic issue arises when the rhetorical question "Then which of the favours of your Lord will you deny? In Surat AL Rahman repeated many times in Surat Al Rahman. This paper deals with this specific area as far as the repetition of rhetorical question "Then which of the favours of your Lord will you deny? Is concerned. The speech act theory (1962) was applied to investigate realization of speech The repetition of rhetorical question "Then which of the favours of your Lord will you deny? In Surat AL Rahman. The analytical method is used while gathering of data. The paper highlights the Qur’an’s aims and the effects of repetition in Surat Al Rahman. The paper also elucidates the purpose of the repetition in Surat Al Rahman. This paper elucidates that This verse is repeated 31 times in the surah, once after each description of Allah's blessings and punishment as well. The speech in surah Ar-Rahman is namely repetition. The reason used of speech in surah Ar-rahman namely faith, laws of justice, man and jinn, hell and favors heaven.
Corruption and Decadence in Ayi Kwei Armah’s the Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born
Authors: Wosu Okachukwu Onuah
Published: January 2024

The erosion of traditional moral standards is a predominant concern in representations of post-independence Africa. Characters frequently act in abhorrent ways as a way of expressing this worry. In The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born, Anyi Kwei Armah condemns the public's role in economic destruction and moral decay because almost everyone directly or indirectly aids corruption. Therefore, this study investigates moral decay, degradation, corruption, and filth in all spheres of postcolonial African society. The aim is to condemn the actions of postcolonial leaders who abuse the powers given to them in order to pursue their pecuniary interests. This study adopts postcolonial theory in its examination of our chosen text. It focuses on the literature of cultures that developed in response to British colonial dominance. The study concludes that there is a high prevalence of bribery, corruption, decay, and filth in African society, which has hampered development.
Use of Discourse Markers in ESL Undergraduates’ Expository Essay Writing among Undergraduates in a Nigerian University
Authors: Jimola Folasade Esther , Dada Esther Morayo
Published: January 2024

Discourse markers (DMs) enhance unhindered flow of ideas and their relatedness in sentences and paragraphs. However, lack or misuse of DMs could lead to misinterpretation of ideas and information. This study therefore assessed the use of discourse makers as used in expository essay among undergraduates in a Nigerian university. The study employed survey research design using quantitative method. The paper examined i) the DMs used in expository essay by the participants ii) the variants of DMs frequently used in expository essay among the participants and iii) the constraints to students’ use of DMs in expository essay. The sample of the study consisted of 182 undergraduates selected through purposive sampling technique. Two instruments were used for the study: a close-ended questionnaire and an expository essay test were used in gathering data. The data were analysed quantitatively using frequency of occurrence of DMs and percentages. Findings revealed that in total, 41 DMs were used. Elaborative Markers (“and” and “also”) followed by Temporal Markers (“firstly”, “secondly” and “thirdly”) are the most frequently used DMs. Among other constraints to the use of DMs in expository essay were lack of knowledge of broad pool of the varieties of DMs/inadequate linguistic repertoire of DMs; confusion about the appropriate DMs to convey idea; and lack of knowledge on the importance of DMs in essays. The study concludes that students experienced certain constraints in the use of DMs that placed limitations on their use of DMs. This study recommended that the problems could be tackled by creating awareness among the students on the contents and application of DMs and that various texts and contexts where linguistic items like DMs are used should be discussed in the classroom to see how they are used.
Seguridad alimentaria, subalimentación y canasta alimentaria en el contexto de las políticas públicas en Venezuela. Período 2017-2022
Authors: Hernandez Pablo , Torres Janette , Reyes Ángel
Published: January 2024

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre los indicadores de seguridad alimentaria, subalimentación y costo de la canasta alimentaria en el contexto de las políticas públicas en materia alimentaria en Venezuela, durante el periodo comprendido entre 2017 y 2022. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un análisis exhaustivo de los datos disponibles sobre la seguridad alimentaria en Venezuela, incluyendo información sobre la subalimentación, y el costo de la canasta alimentaria. Asimismo, se analizaron las políticas públicas implementadas en el país en materia alimentaria durante el periodo de estudio, con el fin de entender su impacto en los indicadores de seguridad alimentaria. Ninguna de las asociaciones estudiadas resultó ser significativa a nivel estadístico (p>0,05), por lo que, aunque teóricamente existe una relación entre estos indicadores en el período estudiado, el carácter multidimensional prevalece y hace compleja la posibilidad de comparaciones. Se identificaron las políticas públicas que requieren mejoras o ajustes para proteger la seguridad alimentaria del venezolano. Estos resultados obtenidos podrán ser de utilidad para los responsables de la toma de decisiones en el país, así como para los investigadores y profesionales interesados en el tema de la seguridad alimentaria y la nutrición.
Design and Optimization of Heatsink for an Active CPU Cooler using Numerical Simulations
Authors: Umair Ahmad Khan  , Hamid Ullah  , Ahmad Nawaz
Published: January 2024

Heat generation in CPUs with high computing performance has been a very serious issue that deteriorates their performance. To ensure that CPUs operate at their maximum potential, it is essential to maintain their temperature below 80 °C. Forced convection coolers comprising of a heatsink and fan are considered the most effective means of satisfying operating temperature requirements for a CPU in order to ensure its maximum performance. A heatsink design paired with a fan with airflow speed of 80 cubic feet per minute (CFM) for a CPU Cooler targeted at CPUs with maximum heat generation of 380 watts operating in ambient temperature of 25 °C, is developed using numerical methods of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and topology optimization using ANSYS Mechanical and ANSYS Fluent. Various fin profiles, fin arrangements, fin numbers and heatsink materials are comparatively analyzed. The best results from the comparative analyses are combined to present a base design capable of keeping the CPU temperature below 80 °C, which is the requirement for ensuring maximum computing performance. A 30 fin heatsink with covered rectangular plate fins in an arc-shaped placement configuration is determined to provide the maximum cooling performance. In materials, Silicon Carbide resulted in the lowest CPU temperature of 78°C, followed by copper at 84 °C. Silicon Carbide heatsink successfully managed to satisfy the requirements for maximum CPU performance. Copper heatsink is unlikely to cause CPU failure, but it fails to meet conditions for maximum CPU performance. In addition, this base design is then optimized for material cost reduction using topology optimization which resulted in 13% reduction in material cost with a negligible cooling performance reduction of only 0.32%. The overall design of the cooler can be improved by incorporating fan design and various CPU load conditions into the design parameters in future research.
Quartz Hydrolysis Analysis of Pure Quartz for Enhanced Oil Production; Influence of Time, pH, and Salinity on Hydrolysis
Authors: Mohammed Basheer Alameen  , Khaled A. Elraies  , Abdullah Almansour  , Mysara Mohyaldinn  , Haithm Hagar
Published: January 2024

The issue of sand production in reservoirs has been recognized as a critical problem in oil and gas fields for several years due to its numerous negative impacts on oil and gas production. Sand production from wells can damage both surface and subsurface equipment, reduce well productivity, and negatively impact the oil production economy. Oil production challenges arise when sand production increases as the water cut increases. Several factors have been associated with this phenomenon, with the most critical factor being silica dissolution - a chemical reaction between quartz and water that decreases formation strength. This study explores the dissolution of silica on pure quartz and the effects of added electrolyte (NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, and KCl) concentration, temperature, and pH on the dissolution process. The concentration of silica dissolved in solution was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to determine the dissolution of silica on quartz. The results outcome indicate that the rate of silica dissolution is significantly influenced by variations in temperature and alterations in pH levels. The salinity conditions exhibit minimal alterations in comparison to distilled water. The highest concentration of silica dissolved in a solution has been seen at pH levels of 12 and 3, with concentrations of 118 mg/l and 68 mg/l, respectively. In terms of temperature, it was observed that there was an increase in the dissolution of silica from 30°C to 90°C, ranging from around 170% to 600%. Regarding salinity, it can be shown that NaCl and KCl exhibit the most significant impact on silica dissolution when compared to other brine solutions, with concentrations of 45 and 49 mg/l, respectively. The study claims that the formation strength may be influenced by water quality through the processes aimed at stimulating or lowering silica dissolution. Therefore, the optimal water quality design for water injection is paramount in mitigating sand production challenges.
Centenario del Natalicio del Dr. Humberto Fernández-Morán
Authors: Villasmil Espinoza Jorge Jesús
Published: January 2024

Humberto Fernández-Morán fue un científico venezolano que realizó importantes contribuciones en los campos de la Física y la Biología. Es conocido por su invención del Bisturí de diamante, que revolucionó las técnicas quirúrgicas; también trabajó para la NASA y recibió el prestigioso Premio Vovain por su trabajo pionero sobre el Bisturí de diamante. Fundó y dirigió el Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas y recibió numerosos premios y reconocimientos a lo largo de su carrera. Su legado internacional en el siglo XX consolida su posición como personaje destacado de las Ciencias Biomédicas y de polímeros. En conclusión, como paradigma de ingenio científico y erudición académica, el legado de Fernández-Morán perdura como un faro de inspiración para innumerables científicos e investigadores, instándoles a seguir sus pasos e infundiendo en la comunidad científica un sentido de propósito y ambición en la búsqueda del saber.