bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal grouping effects in verbal and musical short-term memory: Is serial order representation domain-general?
Authors: Gorin Simon
Published: September 2020

he question of the domain-general versus domain-specific nature of the serial order mechanisms involved in short-term memory is currently under debate. The present study aimed at addressing this question through the study of temporal grouping effects in short-term memory tasks with musical material, a domain which has received little interest so far. The goal was to determine whether positional coding—currently the best account of grouping effect in verbal short-term memory—represents a viable mechanism to explain grouping effects in the musical domain. In a first experiment, non-musicians performed serial reconstruction of 6-tone sequences, where half of the sequences was grouped by groups of three items and the other half presented at a regular pace. The overall data pattern suggests that temporal grouping exerts on tone sequences reconstruction the same effects as in the verbal domain, except for ordering errors which were not characterized by the typical increase of interpositions. This pattern has been replicated in two additional experiments with verbal material, using the same grouping structure as in the musical experiment. The findings support that verbal and musical short-term memory domains are characterized by similar temporal grouping effects for the recall of 6-item lists grouped by three, but it also suggests the existence of boundary condition to observe an increase of interposition errors predicted by positional theories.
Reply to Connor and Evers (2020): Critique of the Bias of Crowds Model Simply Restates the Model
Authors: Payne Keith , Vuletich Heidi A. , Lundberg Kristjen B.
Published: September 2020

The Bias of Crowds model (Payne, Vuletich, & Lundberg, 2017) argues that implicit bias varies across individuals and across contexts. It is unreliable and weakly associated with behavior at the individual level. But when aggregated to measure context-level effects, the scores become stable and predictive of group-level outcomes. We concluded that the statistical benefits of aggregation are so powerful that researchers should reconceptualize implicit bias as a feature of contexts, and ask new questions about how implicit biases relate to systemic racism. Connor and Evers (2020) critiqued the model, but their critique simply restates the core claims of the model. They agreed that implicit bias varies across individuals and across contexts; that it is unreliable and weakly associated with behavior at the individual level; and that aggregating scores to measure context-level effects makes them more stable and predictive of group-level outcomes. Connor and Evers concluded that implicit bias should be considered to really be noisily measured individual construct because the effects of aggregation are merely statistical. We respond to their specific arguments and then discuss what it means to really be a feature of persons versus situations, and multilevel measurement and theory in psychological science more broadly.
Trade ornaments as indicators of social changes resulting from indirect effects of colonialism in northeastern Taiwan
Authors: Wang Li-Ying , Marwick Ben
Published: September 2020

Long-lasting indirect impacts on Indigenous peoples in the periphery of colonial control are poorly understood, especially in East Asia. Trade ornaments from Kiwulan (1350–1850 CE) in northeastern Taiwan show indirect impacts of European colonial activities on local societies. The diversity of ornaments was greater during the period of European presence compared to previous periods, and their spatial distribution was more clustered in the residential area. The change reflects an increased use of ornaments and an uneven distribution of ornaments in a pericolonial context. This may hint at increased social inequality resulting from European colonial influence. Trade ornaments give insights into the increased social inequality stimulated by a European colonial presence, and show the agency of Indigenous people to incorporate ornaments into their social system.
Response of Nutrient Omission and Irrigation Scheduling on Growth and Productivity of Maize
Authors: Acharya N.R. , Sah S.K. , Gautam A.K. , Regmi A.P.
Published: September 2020

An experiment was conducted for response of nutrient omission to irrigation scheduling in hybrid maize during winter season of 2015 at farmer’s field  Khajura, Banke where intense summer and severe winter occurs. Soil is sandy loam and climatically humid sub-tropical with average annual rainfall of 1000-1500 mm. The experiment was replicated 3 times with split plot design having plot size of 3 x 3.6 m2. There were three irrigation level as main plot; (30 -35 DAS, tasseling stage), (30-35 DAS, tasseling, grain filling stage), (tasseling stage) and six level of fertilizer dose as sub-plot; farmer fertilization practice (27.6:27.6:18 N-P-K kg ha-1), recommended dose of fertilizer (160:60:40 N-P-K kgha-1), 50 percent above recommended dose (240: 90: 60 N-P-K kg ha-1), N0PK (60:40 P-K kg ha-1), NP0K (160:40 N-K kg ha-1), NPK0 (160:60 N-P kg ha-1). 3 level of irrigation increased the grain yield (4333 kg ha-1) by 33.7% than 2 level of irrigation (3240.6 kg ha-1) and 78.4% than single irrigation (2428.8 kg ha-1). Similarly, 182.4% grain yield could be increased with RDF (4994.9 kg ha-1) than N0PK (1768.6 kg ha-1). Grain nutrient uptake was recorded 80.4% N (56.3 kg ha-1), 79% P (18.8 kg ha-1), 88.8% K (15.1 kg ha-1) higher with three levels of irrigation than single irrigation N (31.2 kg ha-1), P (10.5 kg ha-1), K (8 kg ha-1) and 184% N (64.6 kg ha-1), 183.7% P (21 kg ha-1) and 188% K (17 kg ha-1) was recorded higher with RDF than (N0PK) N (22.7 kg ha-1), P (7.4 kg ha-1), K (5.9 kg ha-1).

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(3): 343-354
Estimation of Particle Size and Band Gap of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Synthesized by Chemical Precipitation Method
Authors: Gautam Surendra K. , Sapkota Bibek , Bhujel Arun , Bhattarai Sitaram
Published: September 2020

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical precipitation method using 0.1M and 0.3M [Zn(NO3)2.6H2O] and Na2CO3 solutions. The particle size and band gap of ZnO nanoparticles were estimated and effect of concentration on it was investigated. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopy. The XRD result revealed that synthesized ZnO nanoparticles have pure hexagonal wurtzite structure and the particle size varies from 27.0 nm to 29.9 nm estimated by using Debye-Scherrer’s equation. The TEM image also projected the average particle size in the range of 20-30 nm and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) further verified the formation of hexagonal wurtzite structure. The FTIR result showed a broad absorption band related to Zn-O vibration band. The UV-visible absorption showed a red shift in the absorption edge with increasing concentration of Zn(NO3)2.6H2O solution. The sizes and band gaps of ZnO nanoparticles increased and decreased, respectively with increasing concentration of Zn(NO3)2.6H2O solution from 0.1M to 0.3M.
Using blood donors and solid organ transplant donors and recipients to estimate the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus and Epstein–Barr virus in Canada: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mabilangan Curtis , Burton Catherine , O’Brien Sheila , Plitt Sabrina , Eurich Dean , Preiksaitis Jutta
Published: September 2020

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infections are common, causing significant morbidity in pregnancy (congenital CMV) and transplant recipients (CMV, EBV). Canadian prevalence data are needed to model disease burden and develop strategies for future vaccines. We estimated prevalence using screening data from blood donors and solid organ transplant (SOT) donors and recipients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed CMV and EBV serology from Alberta SOT donors ( n = 3,016) and recipients ( n = 4,614) (1984–2013) and Canadian Blood Services blood donors ( n = 1,253,350) (2005–2014), studying associations with age, sex, organ, year, and geographic region. Results: CMV seroprevalence rises gradually with age. By age 70, CMV seropositivity ranged from 67% (blood donors) to 73% (SOT recipients). Significant proportions of women of child-bearing age were CMV-seronegative (organ donors, 44%; SOT recipients, 43%; blood donors, 61%). Blood donor CMV seroprevalence decreased from 48% in Western Canada to 30% in Eastern Canada. Women were more likely to be CMV-seropositive (ORs = 1.58, 1.45, and 1.11 for organ donors, SOT recipients, and blood donors, respectively) and EBV-seropositive (ORs = 1.87 and 1.46 for organ donors and SOT recipients, respectively). EBV prevalence rises rapidly, and by age 17–29 years, 81% of SOT recipients and 90% of organ donors were seropositive. Conclusions: Canada has relatively low and perhaps decreasing age-specific EBV and CMV prevalence, making Canadians vulnerable to primary infection-associated morbidity and suggesting benefit from future vaccines. Collection and analysis of routine serology screening data are useful for observing trends.
Recurrent multidrug-resistantSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium bacteremia in a returned traveller
Authors: Komorowski Adam S , Li Xena X , Piessens Eva , McArthur Andrew G , Patel Ameen
Published: September 2020

This case report describes a 68-year-old male with recurrent multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium bacteremia acquired during travel abroad. He experienced a recurrence of bacteremia without a clear source and was successfully treated with 10 weeks of intravenous ertapenem. Post hoc genome sequencing revealed an isolate bearing class A, C, and D extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). A review of English- and French-language literature since 2000 revealed eight publications that discussed recurrent S. enterica serovar Typhimurium bacteremia. Patients with multidrug-resistant S. enterica serovar Typhimurium should be monitored frequently for recrudescence, even in the absence of risk factors.
Contracts, markets, and justice
Authors: Jiménez Felipe
Published: September 2020

Peter Benson’s Justice in Transactions offers a compelling internal, non-instrumental Hegelian conception of the law of contracts. It also connects this non-instrumental conception with broader issues like the social theory of the market, liberal justification, and socio-economic justice. The book is a remarkable achievement. As such, it will – and should – become part of the canon of contract theory. In this review essay, I focus on the theoretical status of the reconstruction offered by Benson in Part I of the book. I am sympathetic to the ‘juridical’ starting point of Benson’s theory and agree that contract law and its doctrinal categories should be taken seriously. However, I argue that Benson’s theory sits at a middle position between a doctrinalist account and a full-blown philosophical theory of contracts and that this detracts from its ability to provide an adequate public justification of contract law as a legal institution. Finally, I cast some doubts on Benson’s account of the relationship between his juridical conception of contract and markets and distributive justice.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR GEOGRAFI MELALUI MEDIA PERMAINAN EDUKATIF ULAR TANGGA TEMATIK PADA SISWA MAN 2 PONTIANAK
Authors: Rina Rina , Anggela Rika
Published: September 2020

Tujuan umum dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui informasi tentang penggunaan alat peraga ular tangga tematik untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran Geografi di kelas XI IPS MAN 2 Pontianak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas sedangkan bentuk penelitiannya  adalah penelitian tindakan kolaboratif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 1 orang Guru Geografi dan siswa kelas XI IPS 1 sebanyak 38 siswa. Alat pengumpulan data yaitu lembar observasi, soal tes, angket dan dokumentasi. Analisisi data yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan sebagai berikut: 1) Penggunaan alat peraga ular tangga tematik dalam pembelajaran geografi siklus I dan siklus II diperoleh bahwa Penggunaan alat peraga ular tangga tematik yang dilakukan  dosen baik sekali, 2) Hasil belajar siswa Pra Siklus dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 44,7%, siklus I dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 42,1%, siklus II dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 100%. Hasil belajar terjadin peningkatan yang signifikan sehingga membawa dampak positif terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
POSITIONING SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AS THE MAINSTREAM OF GOVERNMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Pratiwi Dyah Asri Gita , Susiyanto Didit
Published: September 2020

The environment of governance and development that tends to change rapidly, is full of uncertainty and is full of the complexity of these problems, so a development policy and strategic programs are needed that are capable of responding carefully to problems and developing challenges. Government and society. The government must think strategically and visionary, to understand what is thought into effective strategic policies and programs to deal with changes in the surrounding environment, and develop a framework for implementing these strategies in a rational and "grounded" manner through various strategic social development policies and programs.
In the shade of the chinar
Authors: Bahovadinova Malika
Published: September 2020

This article evaluates the ongoing reconstruction of Dushanbe, the capital of Tajikistan, from the perspective of the affective registers it has elicited: from the despair of those who fondly remember the city’s earlier Soviet facade to those who have benefitted from the expansion of housing stock and green space across the city center. Exploring these positions and the role of statist conceptions of modernity, personal and political memories of space, and the emotions called forth by urban redevelopment, the article elaborates on the place of affect and sentimental politics in the processes of city beautification and development. It argues that the despair experienced by city residents in their protests against redevelopment projects has both enabled and constrained citizens in terms of their participation in Dushanbe’s urban development, economic redistribution, and the politics of memory.
Dissenting poses
Authors: Strava Cristiana
Published: September 2020

In the spring of 2014, an unprecedented wave of police raids swept over every lower-class (sha‘abi) neighborhood across Morocco. Dubbed “Operation Tcharmil,” the raids targeted young, lower-class men that matched viral online images in which track-suit-wearing teens boastfully displayed status objects and white weapons. Drawing on the theoretical apparatus of the “affective turn,” in this article I unpack the structural and historical factors that shaped both popular reactions and policing actions toward the sudden, online visibility of a politically and economically disenfranchised group. I situate this episode within current debates about the entanglement of neoliberal disciplinary regimes and the reproduction of particular social orders, and argue that attention to such outbursts can help us revitalize and rethink existing notions of class.
PROBLEMATIKA PENGKADERAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI MUHAMMADIYAH MATARAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF NORMA PENGKADERAN MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Mappanyompa Mappanyompa , Imawanto Imawanto
Published: September 2020

This article discusses the problem of cadre formation in Muhammadiyah Mataram universities in the perspective of cadre norms. In full, cadres are those who have been completed in following all formal cadres, tested in informal cadres and have provisions through informal formation. Their existence is not only expected in the existence of the organization to be maintained, but also expected that the cadres will continue to carry out the mission of the organization's movement to the full. This type of research is quantitative explanatory research, with data collection techniques through library research and field work research. The results of the study show that regeneration occupies a very strategic position for the survival of Muhammadiyah as a community and Islamic missionary movement Amar Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar. Cadreization must be of serious concern from all Muhammadiyah leaders and Muhammadiyah's charitable business leaders, especially in West Nusa Tenggara. The foundation of sincere intention to live Muhammadiyah and not only seek life in the Muhammadiyah as the message of the founder of the late KH. Ahmad Dahlan. The origins of the Kemuhammadiyahan strategic position holder in the Muhammadiyah charity business must be directly proportional to the cadre process that has been traversed on the basis of commitment and the complete and complete cadre norm.Keywords: cadre norms; cadre problems; Muhammadiyah universities.AbstrakArtikel ini membahas tentang problematika pengkaderan di Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah Mataram perspektif norma pengkaderan. Secara utuh kader adalah mereka yang telah tuntas dalam mengikuti seluruh pengkaderan formal, teruji dalam pengkaderan informal dan memiliki bekal melalui pengkaderan non formal. Keberadaan mereka bukan saja diharapkan dalam eksistensi organisasi tetap terjaga, melainkan juga diharapkan kader tetap akan membawa misi gerakan organisasi hingga paripurna. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplanatif kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui library research dan field work research. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kaderisasi menempati posisi yang sangat strategis bagi kelangsungan hidup Muhammadiyah sebagai sebuah persyarikatan dan gerakan Islam dakwah amar ma'ruf nahi munkar. Kaderisasi menjadi perhatian yang sungguh-sungguh dari segenap pimpinan Muhammadiyah dan pimpinan amal usaha Muhammadiyah, terutama di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Landasan niat yang tulus untuk menghidup-hidupkan Muhammadiyah dan tidak semata mencari hidup dalam Muhammadiyah sebagaimana pesan sang pendirinya almarhum KH. Ahmad Dahlan. Asal-usul kemuhammadiyahan pemegang jabatan strategis di amal usaha Muhammadiyah harus berbanding lurus dengan proses pengkaderan yang telah dilalui atas dasar komitment dan norma pengkaderan secara tuntas dan paripurna.Kata kunci: norma pengkaderan; perguruan tinggi Muhammadiyah; problematika pengkaderan.
HAK ASASI MANUSIA DAN DEMOKRASI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Amalia Fitriani , Dewi Anies Prima
Published: September 2020

The existence of human rights in the conception of the rule of law and democracy in Indonesia is the most basic. However, the concept of regulating human rights by the state does not mean that there is a restriction on human rights by the State, but the concept is regulation by the State. Using normative legal research, also called doctrinal law research. In this type of legal research, law is often conceptualized as what is written in laws and regulations (law in books). Analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that, in a democratic country, the implementation of human rights is a must. The degree of implementation of democracy and human rights is also influenced by the role of the State. The implementation of democracy and human rights with the people's sovereignty are ideals to be achieved.Keywords: democracy; human rights. AbstrakKeberadaan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam konsepsi Negara hukum dan demokrasi di Indonesia suatu hal yang paling mendasar. Namun konsepsi pengaturan hak asasi manusia oleh negara tersebut bukan berarti terjadinya pengekangan hak asasi manusia oleh Negara, namun konsepsinya adalah pengaturan oleh Negara. Menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif, di sebut juga penelitian hukum doktrinal. Pada penelitian hukum jenis ini, acapkali hukum di konsepkan sebagai apa yang tertulis dalam peraturan perundang undangan (law in books). Dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pada suatu Negara yang berdemokrasi, implementasi Hak Asasi Manusia merupakan suatu keharusan. Tingkatan implementasi demokrasi dan hak asasi manusia juga dipengaruhi oleh peran Negara. Implementasi demokrasi dan Hak asasi manusia yang berkedaulatan rakyat merupakan cita-cita yang hendak dicapai.Kata Kunci : demokrasi; hak asasi manusia.
EKSTRAKSI GELATIN DARI TULANG IKAN KAKAP PUTIH (Lates calcarifer) DENGAN ASAM HCl
Authors: Bhernama Bhayu Gita
Published: September 2020

Extraction of Gelatin from Fish White Bone (Lates Calcarifer) with HCl Concentration Variance Gelatin is a food added ingredient used in emulsifiers, thickeners, food stabilizers. Gelatin is a type of protein in the form of gel obtained from the denaturation of skin, bone and fish tissue collagen denaturation. The process of making gelatin from the bones of white snapper (Lates calcarifer) uses the HCl acid method with the parameters of yield, water content, ash content, and protein content. The immersion process carried out with varoius of HCl acid concentration 3%, 7% and 11%.The results show that the best value of% yield at a concentration of 7% of 1.90%, 10.16% water content. Ash content 3%. Protein content is 3.25%. FTIR spectrum revealed the presence of amida group at wave number 3269 cm-1, amide I; II; and Amida III sequentially at wave number 1656 cm-1; 1525.69 cm-1; 1161.15 cm-1.Keywords : Gelatin ; collagen ; Lates calcarifer ; FTIRABSTRAK Gelatin merupakan bahan tambah pangan yang digunakan dalam pengemulsi, pengental, penstabil makanan. Gelatin merupakan salah satu jenis protein yang berbentuk gel yang didapatkan dari hasil denaturasi kolagen kulit, tulang dan jaringan ikan. Proses ekstrak gelatin dari bahan tulang ikan kakap putih (Lates calcarifer) menggunakan asam HCl dengan parameter rendemen, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein dan analisis FTIR. Proses perendaman dilakukan variasi asam HCl 3%, 7% dan 11%. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai % rendemen tertinggi pada konsentrasi 7% sebesar 1,90%, dengan nilai kadar air 10,16%, kadar abu 3,00%, kadar protein 3,25%. Dari spektrum FTIR didapatkan gugus Amida A pada bilangan gelombang 3269 cm-1, amida I ; II ; dan amida III secara berturut-turut pada bilangan gelombang 1656 cm-1 ; 1525,69 cm-1 ; 1161,15 cm-1.Kata kunci : Gelatin ; ikan kakap putih ; FTIR
PRESIPITASI LOGAM BERAT LIMBAH CAIR LABORATORIUM MENGGUNAKAN NATRIUM SULFIDA DARI BELERANG ALAM
Authors: Anami Wisni Rona , Maslahat Mamay , Arrisujaya Dian
Published: September 2020

Precipitation of Laboratory Wastewater Heavy Metals by Natural Sulphur Sodium Sulfide Sodium sulfide (Na2S) from natural sulfur has been used for heavy metal precipitation from laboratory wastewater. Heavy metals in laboratory wastewater include mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and zinc (Zn). Initial laboratory wastewater testing was performed by measuring the initial pH and the concentration of heavy metals in the wastewater prior to precipitation using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Sulphide precipitation phase consists of variations in the concentration of NaOH, time, temperature, and volume of dissolving Na2S. Parameters for the efficiency of Hg, Pb, Zn and Cr heavy metal precipitation were the initial pH, concentration and rate of stirring of the solution. Results showed that the optimum precipitation efficiency for Zn is achieved by using 10 % Na2S solution with an efficiency of 97.93 %. The most significant reduction in Cr and Hg was the use of 20 % Na2S solution with a precipitation efficiency of 99.24 % and 99.76 % respectively. The optimal efficiency for Pb with a 30 % Na2S solution was 99.68 %. Natural sulfur can reduce the levels of heavy metals in laboratory wastewater by precipitation.Key words: Natural sulfur, Heavy metals, Precipitation, Sodium sulfide, ABSTRAKPresipitasi logam berat dari limbah cair laboratorium telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan natrium sulfida (Na2S) dari belerang alam. Logam berat yang terkandung dalam limbah cair laboratorium diantaranya adalah merkuri (Hg), timbal (Pb), kromium (Cr) dan seng (Zn). Pengujian awal limbah laboratorium dilakukan dengan mengukur pH awal dan kadar  logam  berat  yang  terdapat  dalam  limbah sebelum presipitasi menggunakan pH meter dan spektrofotometer serapan atom. Tahapan presipitasi limbah oleh sulfida meliputi pembuatan variasi konsentrasi NaOH, waktu, suhu, dan volume pelarutan Na2S. Parameter efisiensi presipitasi logam Hg, Pb, Zn, dan Cr meliputi pH, Konsentrasi dan Kecepatan pengadukan. Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  efisiensi pengendapan optimal untuk logam Zn terdapat pada penggunaan larutan Na2S 10% dengan efisiensi 97,93%. Larutan Na2S 20% paling banyak menurunkan logam Cr dan Hg dengan efisiensi masing-masing sebesar 99,24% dan99,76%. Efisiensi optimal untuk logam Pb berada pada penggunaan larutan Na2S 30% dengan efisiensi 99,68%. Belerang  alam  mampu  menurunkan kadar logam berat dalam limbah cair laboratorium dengan metode presipitasi.Kata kunci: Belerang alam, Logam berat, Presipitasi, Natrium sulfida
Rancang Bangun Mesin CNC Laser Cutting Untuk Pembelajaran Mahasiswa Jurusan Teknik Mesin
Authors: Salam Abdul , Rasyid Syaharuddin , Taâ€™bi Fadly , Fahrisal Resa , Muhajirin Muhajirin
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengefisienkan waktu dan meningkatkan keakuratan pembuatan produk kontur ukiran pada benda kerja seperti logam lunak, akrilik, dan kayu. Mesin Pemotong Laser Mini CNC keluaran penelitian ini nantinya digunakan sebagai salah satu tugas praktikum mata kuliah Praktik Pemrograman Dasar NC. Metode perancangan yang digunakan adalah penelitian terapan eksperimental berupa rancangan dan gambar untuk laboratorium dengan ukuran 45 x 45 cm. Selanjutnya dilakukan perhitungan dan pemilihan bahan, pembuatan komponen mesin dan penggunaan software Arduino uno sebagai bahasa pemrograman dasar untuk mengubah gerak menjadi alat. Pengujian performa mesin pada mode pergerakan dua sumbu yaitu mode manual, MDI, dan otomatis sumbu kedua X dan Y menggunakan program NC. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan keakuratan dan ketepatan lintasan sumbu X dan Y sesuai nilai toleransi yang diijinkan, yaitu masing-masing 0,01 mm, 0,01 mm dan 0,05 mm. Kesesuaian program yang dibuat dan hasil pemesinan pada kontur ukiran benda kerja tidak menunjukkan penyimpangan yang berarti, masing-masing 0,1 mm untuk sumbu X dan Y.
Rancang Bangun Alat Pembersih Pasir Silika Sebagai Penyaring Air Di PT. Tirta Fresindo Jaya
Authors: Nur Rusdi , Razak Arthur H. , Putra A.Ari , Maulana Irsat , Ahmad Miftahul
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi waktu proses pembersihan pasir silika dari 4 hari pengerjaaan menjadi 2 hari. Tahap-tahap dalam merancang alat pembersih ini yang pertama adalah pengamatan dari proses pembersihan manual dan ditemukan kekurangan dari pengerjaan tersebut. Kemudian perancangan alat pembersih yang lebih baik dari yang sudah ada. Tahap selanjutnya adalah perencanaan, perhitungan dan penggambaran untuk menentukan komponen-komponen yang digunakan. Tahap terakhir adalahÂ  produksi, pangecetan dan perakitan. Dari hasil perencanaan dan perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa alat pembersih pasir silika ini mampu membersihkan 30 Kg/4,25 menit atau 425Kg/Jam. Biaya keseluruhan yang dibutuhkan untuk membuat alat ini per unit sebesar Rp. 4.653.371,-.
Rancang Bangun Generator Kedap Air Untuk PLTPH Pada Aliran Sungai
Authors: Pangkung Andreas , Marhatang Marhatang , Raihan A. Muh. , Ramadhana Aulia
Published: September 2020

Sungai yang memiliki energi potensial dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pembangkit listrik dengan menggunakan generator kedap air sebagai konversi energi mekanik menjadi energi listrik. Tujuan dari rancang bangun ini untuk memanfaatkan aliran sungai sebagai pembangkit listrik di pedesaan agar meningkatnya perekonomian di desa tersebut. Perancangan dilakukan dengan survei lapangan dan menghitung kecepatan air, kemudian merancang desain generator kedap air. Pada pengujian generator kedap air dilakukan dengan mengukur tegangan rangkaian pengujian satu fasa dan tiga fasa, serta putaran generator. Hasil pengujian generator kedap air dengan kecepatan aliran sungai sebesar 0,58 m/s menghasilkan tegangan 11 Volt pada putaran 108 rpm pada sistem satu fasa dan memiliki tahanan isolasi sebesar 50 Kâ„¦. Kemudian pada sistem tiga fasa dengan hubungan Y, tegangan line to line sebesar 28 Volt, tegangan line to netral sebesar 17 Volt dengan putaran 108 rpm, sedangkan hubungan âˆ†, tegangan line to line sebesar 12 Volt dengan putaran yang sama dengan hubungan Y.Â
Analisis Kestabilan Transien dan Mekanisme Pelepasan Beban Pada Jaringan Listrik Wilayah Sulselbar Setelah Penambahan PLTU Punagaya
Authors: Marhatang Marhatang , Saini Makmur , Fauzan Muhammad Ikram , Erniwati Erniwati
Published: September 2020

Kebutuhan listrik semakin hari semakin meningkat baik itu pada sektor perumahan maupun sektor perindustrian. Seiring dengan pertumbuhan beban maka penambahan pembangkit juga diperlukan. Pada jaringan listrik wilayah Sulselrabar, telah diadakan penambahan sejumlah pembangkit dan salahsatunya adalah PLTU Punagaya Jeneponto yang berkapasitas 2x100 MW. Penambahan pembangkit ini menyebabkan kestabilan pada sistem bisa berubah, sehingga dibutuhkan studi kestabilan transien untuk mengetahui kestabilan sistem pada jaringan Sulselrabar saat terjadi gangguan.Pengambilan data berupa spesifikasi generator, transformator, jaringan transmisi dan beban yang ada pada Unit Pengaturan Beban PT. PLN Wilayah Sulselrabar. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan simulasi kestabilan transien menggunakan software ETAP 12.6Â  dengan memberikan gangguanÂ  pada sistem berupa generator lepas dan hubung singkat. Selanjutnya jika sistem mengalami ketidakstabilan akan dilakukan mekanisme pelepasan beban. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi, menunjukkan bahwa pada kasus lepasnya generator unit 2 Barru, sistem masih dapat mempertahankan kestabilannya. Namun pada kasus lepasnya PLTU BE, rata-rata penurunan tegangan mencapai 9,34% dan menyebabkan karakteristik sistem sudah tidak dapat berada pada range yang diizinkan sehingga dibutuhkan pelepasan beban sebesar 56,213 MVA. Pada kasus hubung singkat, sistem masih dapat mempertahankan kestabilannya meskipun rata-rata penurunan tegangan sesaat pada saat terjadi gangguan mencapai 68,97%.Â
Efek Pemakaian Economizer Terhadap Peningkatan Efisiensi Boiler Pulverized Pada Unit Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap
Authors: Suhardi Suhardi , Kamriani Kamriani , Suryanto Suryanto , Jamal Jamal
Published: September 2020

Kehilangan panas pada pembangkit listrik tenaga uap (PLTU) merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang sangat perlu diperhatikan dalam pengoperasian boiler. Penelitian ini bertujuanÂ  menganalisis efisiensi boiler pulverized dengan memakai economizer dan membandingkan jika tidak memakai economizer pada suatu boiler jenis Pulverized PLTU. Â Dalam melakukan penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah metode dengan menggunakan data hasil survey pada pembangkit listrik tenaga uap (PLTU) Jeneponto dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis yang membandingkan penggunaan economizer dan tanpa menggunakan economizer. Hasil analisis diperoleh efesiensi boiler dengan menggunakan economizer sebesar rata-rata 90% dan tanpa menggunakan economizer rata-rata 80%. Dengan demikian penggunaan economizer dapat meningkatkan efesiensi sekitar 12% atau yang setara dengan 2976,8 kg/jam.
Approximate Controllability for Time-Dependent Impulsive Neutral Stochastic Partial Differential Equations with Fractional Brownian Motion and Memory
Authors: K Ramkumar , RAVİKUMAR K. , ELSAYED Elsayed , ANGURAJ A.
Published: September 2020

In this manuscript, we investigate the approximate controllability for time-dependent impulsive neutral stochastic partial differential equations with fractional Brownian motion and memory in Hilbert space. By using semigroup theory, stochastic analysis techniques and fixed point approach, we derive a new set of sufficient conditions for the approximate controllability of nonlinear stochastic system under the assumption that the corresponding linear system is approximately controllable. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate our results.
MILP, Pseudo-Boolean, and OMT Solvers for Optimal Fault-Tolerant Placements of Relay Nodes in Mission Critical Wireless Networks*
Authors: Chen Qian Matteo , Finzi Alberto , Mancini Toni , Melatti Igor , Tronci Enrico
Published: September 2020

In critical infrastructures like airports, much care has to be devoted in protecting radio communication networks from external electromagnetic interference. Protection of such mission-critical radio communication networks is usually tackled by exploiting radiogoniometers: at least three suitably deployed radiogoniometers, and a gateway gathering information from them, permit to monitor and localise sources of electromagnetic emissions that are not supposed to be present in the monitored area. Typically, radiogoniometers are connected to the gateway through relay nodes. As a result, some degree of fault-tolerance for the network of relay nodes is essential in order to offer a reliable monitoring. On the other hand, deployment of relay nodes is typically quite expensive. As a result, we have two conflicting requirements: minimise costs while guaranteeing a given fault-tolerance. In this paper, we address the problem of computing a deployment for relay nodes that minimises the overall cost while at the same time guaranteeing proper working of the network even when some of the relay nodes (up to a given maximum number) become faulty (fault-tolerance). We show that, by means of a computation-intensive pre-processing on a HPC infrastructure, the above optimisation problem can be encoded as a 0/1 Linear Program, becoming suitable to be approached with standard Artificial Intelligence reasoners like MILP, PB-SAT, and SMT/OMT solvers. Our problem formulation enables us to present experimental results comparing the performance of these three solving technologies on a real case study of a relay node network deployment in areas of the Leonardo da Vinci Airport in Rome, Italy.
Optimal Personalised Treatment Computation through In Silico Clinical Trials on Patient Digital Twins*
Authors: Sinisi Stefano , Alimguzhin Vadim , Mancini Toni , Tronci Enrico , Mari Federico , Leeners Brigitte
Published: September 2020

In Silico Clinical Trials (ISCT), i.e. clinical experimental campaigns carried out by means of computer simulations, hold the promise to decrease time and cost for the safety and efficacy assessment of pharmacological treatments, reduce the need for animal and human testing, and enable precision medicine. In this paper we present methods and an algorithm that, by means of extensive computer simulation-based experimental campaigns (ISCT) guided by intelligent search, optimise a pharmacological treatment for an individual patient (precision medicine). We show the effectiveness of our approach on a case study involving a real pharmacological treatment, namely the downregulation phase of a complex clinical protocol for assisted reproduction in humans.
Partial (Neighbourhood) Singleton Arc Consistency for Constraint Satisfaction Problems
Authors: Wallace Richard J.
Published: September 2020

Algorithms based on singleton arc consistency (SAC) show considerable promise for improving backtrack search algorithms for constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs). The drawback is that even the most efficient of them is still comparatively expensive. Even when limited to preprocessing, they give overall improvement only when problems are quite difficult to solve with more typical procedures such as maintained arc consistency (MAC). The present work examines a form of partial SAC and neighbourhood SAC (NSAC) in which a subset of the variables in a CSP are chosen to be made SAC-consistent or neighbourhood-SAC-consistent. Such consistencies, despite their partial character, are still well-characterized in that algorithms have unique fixpoints. Heuristic strategies for choosing an effective subset of variables are described and tested, the best being choice by highest degree and a more complex strategy of choosing by constraint weight after random probing. Experimental results justify the claim that these methods can be nearly as effective as the corresponding full version of the algorithm in terms of values discarded or problems proven unsatisfiable, while significantly reducing the effort required to achieve this.
Discovering Object-centric Petri Nets
Authors: van der Aalst Wil M.P. , Berti Alessandro
Published: September 2020

Techniques to discover Petri nets from event data assume precisely one case identifier per event. These case identifiers are used to correlate events, and the resulting discovered Petri net aims to describe the life-cycle of individual cases. In reality, there is not one possible case notion, but multiple intertwined case notions. For example, events may refer to mixtures of orders, items, packages, customers, and products. A package may refer to multiple items, multiple products, one order, and one customer. Therefore, we need to assume that each event refers to a collection of objects, each having a type (instead of a single case identifier). Such object-centric event logs are closer to data in real-life information systems. From an object-centric event log, we want to discover an object-centric Petri net with places that correspond to object types and transitions that may consume and produce collections of objects of different types. Object-centric Petri nets visualize the complex relationships among objects from different types. This paper discusses a novel process discovery approach implemented in PM4Py. As will be demonstrated, it is indeed feasible to discover holistic process models that can be used to drill-down into specific viewpoints if needed.
Dynamic Exploration of Multi-agent Systems with Periodic Timed Tasks
Authors: Arcile Johan , Devillers Raymond , Klaudel Hanna
Published: September 2020

We formalise and study multi-agent timed models MAPTs (Multi-Agent with Periodic timed Tasks), where each agent is associated with a regular timed schema upon which all possible actions of the agent rely. MAPTs allow for an accelerated semantics and a layered structure of the state space, so that it is possible to explore the latter dynamically and use heuristics to greatly reduce the computation time needed to address reachability problems. We use an available tool for the Petri net implementation of MAPTs, to explore the state space of autonomous vehicle systems. Then, we compare this exploration with timed automata-based approaches in terms of expressiveness of available queries and computation time.
Target-oriented Petri Net Synthesis
Authors: Best Eike , Devillers Raymond , Erofeev Evgeny , Wimmel Harro
Published: September 2020

When a Petri net is synthesised from a labelled transition system, it is frequently desirable that certain additional constraints are fulfilled. For example, in circuit design, one is often interested in constructing safe Petri nets. Targeting such subclasses of Petri nets is not necessarily computationally more efficient than targeting the whole class. For example, targeting safe nets is known to be NP-complete while targeting the full class of place/transition nets is polynomial, in the size of the transition system. In this paper, several classes of Petri nets are examined, and their suitability for being targeted through efficient synthesis from labelled transition systems is studied and assessed. The focus is on choice-free Petri nets and some of their subclasses. It is described how they can be synthesised efficiently from persistent transition systems, summarising and streamlining in tutorial style some of the authors’ and their groups’ work over the past few years.
Flexible Process Model Mapping using Relaxation Labeling
Authors: Carmona Josep , Padró Lluís , Delicado Luis
Published: September 2020

Computing a mapping between two process models is a crucial technique, since it enables reasoning and operating across processes, like providing a similarity score between two processes, or merging different process variants to generate a consolidated process model. In this paper we present a new flexible technique for process model mapping, based on the relaxation labeling constraint satisfaction algorithm. The technique can be instantiated so that different modes are devised, depending on the context. For instance, it can be adapted to the case where one of the mapped process models is incomplete, or it can be used to ground an adaptable similarity measure between process models. The approach has been implemented inside the open platform NLP4BPM, providing a visualization of the performed mappings and computed similarity scores. The experimental results witness the flexibility and usefulness of the technique proposed.
Algebraic Structure of Step Traces and Interval Traces
Authors: Janicki Ryszard , Mikulski Łukasz
Published: September 2020

Traces and their extensions as comtraces, step traces and interval traces are quotient monoids over sequences or step sequences that play an important role in the formal analysis and verification of concurrent systems. Step traces are generalizations of comtraces and classical traces while interval traces are specialized traces that can deal with interval order semantics. The algebraic structures and their properties as projections, hidings, canonical forms and other invariants are very well established for traces and fairly well established for comtraces. For step traces and interval traces they are the main subject of this paper.
Network Controllability Analysis of Three Multiple-myeloma Patient Genetic Mutation Datasets
Authors: Sanchez Martin Jose Angel , Petre Ion
Published: September 2020

Network controllability focuses on the concept of driving the dynamical system associated to a directed network of interactions from an arbitrary initial state to an arbitrary final state, through a well-chosen set of input functions applied in a minimal number of so-called input nodes. In earlier studies we and other groups demonstrated the potential of applying this concept in medicine. A directed network of interactions may be built around the main known drivers of the disease being studied, and then analysed to identify combinations of drug targets controlling survivability-essential genes in the network. This paper takes the next step and focuses on patient data. We demonstrate that comprehensive protein-protein interaction networks can be built around patient genetic data, and that network controllability can be used to identify possible personalised drug combinations. We discuss the algorithmic methods that can be used to construct and analyse these networks.
The Impact of Amyloid-β or Tau on Cognitive Change in the Presence of Severe Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: Jang Hyemin ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Kim Hee Jin , Choe Yeong Sim , Kim Soo-Jong , Park Seongbeom , Kim Yeshin , Kim Ko Woon , Lyoo Chul Hyoung , Cho Hanna , Ryu Young Hoon , Choi Jae Yong , DeCarli Charles , Na Duk L. , Seo Sang Won
Published: September 2020

Background: As Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) commonly coexist, the interaction between two has been of the considerable interest. Objective: We determined whether the association of Aβ and tau with cognitive decline differs by the presence of significant CSVD. Methods: We included 60 subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI) from Samsung Medical Center and 82 Alzheimer’s disease-related cognitive impairment (ADCI) from ADNI, who underwent Aβ (florbetaben or florbetapir) and tau (flortaucipir, FTP) PET imaging. They were retrospectively assessed for 5.0±3.9 and 5.6±1.9 years with Clinical Dementia Rating-sum of boxes (CDR-SB)/Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Mixed effects models were used to investigate the interaction between Aβ/tau and group on CDR-SB/MMSE changes. Results: The frequency of Aβ positivity (45% versus 54.9%, p = 0.556) and mean global FTP SUVR (1.17±0.21 versus 1.16±0.17, p = 0.702) were not different between the two groups. We found a significant interaction effect of Aβ positivity and SVCI group on CDR-SB increase/MMSE decrease (p = 0.013/p < 0.001), and a significant interaction effect of global FTP uptake and SVCI group on CDR-SB increase/MMSE decrease (p < 0.001 and p = 0.030). Finally, the interaction effects of regional tau and group were prominent in the Braak III/IV (p = 0.001) and V/VI (p = 0.003) not in Braak I/II region (p = 0.398). Conclusion: The association between Aβ/tau and cognitive decline is stronger in SVCI than in ADCI. Therefore, our findings suggested that Aβ positivity or tau burden (particularly in the Braak III/IV or V/VI regions) and CSVD might synergistically affect cognitive decline.
Optimization and dynamic simulation of electric actuator transmission based on high precision ball screw
Authors: Zheng Haoxin , Huang Minghui , Zhan Lihua , Liu Peiyao , Zhu Ziqing
Published: September 2020

The actuator is an important component of missiles and other aircraft to maintain the flight attitude. A method to calculate the power of the electric servo motor was proposed according to the load characteristics’ of both the servo motor and actuator. An optimization method for the transmission reduction ratio was obtained by considering the load torque equation. Dynamics simulations of the actuator were conducted under a variety of conditions. The simulation results show that the clearance and the friction between the ball screw and the fork, which consist of the transmission mechanism, induce the torque fluctuations, as a source of noise in the motor load. According to the optimization design of the Electric, the Actuator prototype has passed the test, the performance meets the design requirements.
Artificial intelligence system based on the layout effect of both sides in volleyball matches
Authors: Zhao Kai , Jiang Wei , Jin Xinlong , Xiao Xuming
Published: September 2020

The traditional sports match analysis mostly adopts the method of manual observation and recording, which is not only time-consuming and laborious but also has the defects of subjectivity and inaccuracy in the judgment results, resulting in the deviation of the match data analysis and statistical results. The purpose of this paper is to study an artificial intelligence system that can automatically analyze and evaluate the effect of both sides in volleyball matches. In this paper, the system is divided into two steps: detection and tracking of moving objects, recognition, and classification of players’ behaviors and movements. About moving target detection and tracking, this paper proposes a moving target fast detection framework based on a mixture of mainstream technologies and a MeanShift target tracking method based on Kalman filtering and adaptive target region size. For behavior and action recognition and classification, this paper proposes a classifier combining BP neural network and support vector machine. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm and classifier are effective. By analyzing the performance of the proposed classifier, the classification accuracy is 98%.