bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Self-Myofascial Release dan Ice Massage Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) Pada Otot Hamstring Pemain Futsal
Authors: Riyanto Agus , Tri Ashari Meiresha Karunia , Ariyanto Andry
Published: October 2023

Kurangnya aktifitas fisik membuat permasalahan yang dapat dialami pada tubuh kita, salah satunya delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). DOMS merupakan suatu keadaan dimana adanya rasa nyeri juga ketidaknyamanan yang timbul pada otot, persyarafan, dan sistem metabolism sekitar 24 jam setelah latihan, mencapai puncaknya setelah 24 sampai 72 jam, dan efeknya akan berangsur hilang setelah 5 sampai 7 hari. Latihan yang menimbulkan DOMS adalah latihan dengan pola kontraksi eksentrik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh efektivitas self-myofascial release dan ice massage terhadap penurunan nyeri DOMS pada otot hamstring pemain futsal. Metodelogi: penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimental dengan rancangan pre and post two group design, tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling, sampel berjumlah 22 orang. Instrument penelitian ini menggunakan visual analog scale. Hasil analisis data menggunakan program SPSS Statistic versi 26. Uji pengaruh menggunakan paired sample t-test, uji beda menggunakan independent sample t-test. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan pengaruh efektivitas self-myofascial release dan ice massage terhadap penurunan nyeri delayed onset muscle soreness pada otot hamstring pemain futsal. Untuk peneliti selanjutnya dengan jumlah sampel yang banyak dan jangka waktu yang lebih panjang sehingga ketepatan penelitian lebih akurat.
Pengaruh metode isometric exercise dan electrotherapy terhadap nyeri osteoarthritis lutut pada lansia
Authors: Taurustian Shindy Winengku , Leni Ari Sapti Mei
Published: October 2023

Latar Belakang: Seseorang seiring bertambahnya usia, seseorang akan mengalami fase penuaan dimana terdapat penurunan fungsi organ dan penurunan perkembangan fisik menyebabkan timbulnya beberapa permasalahan kesehatan. Salah satu gangguan yang banyak ditemukan pada lansia adalah osteoarthritis. Prevalensi di Indonesia mencapai 36,5 juta. Sebanyak 80-90% pasien dengan osteoarthritis berusia 65 tahun ke atas dan kasusnya lebih sering ditemukan pada wanita. Oleh karena itu peneliti memberikan intervensi electrotherapy dengan penambahan metode isometric exercise terhadap nyeri osteoarthritis lutut pada lansia. Tujuan: mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh electrotherapy dengan penambahan metode isometric exercise terhadap nyeri osteoarthritis lutut pada lansia. Metode: penelitian ini menggunakan metode Quasi Experimental, dengan pretest posttest Two Group Design. Sempel sebanyak 30 responden dengan Teknik Simple Random Sampling. Pengukuran nyeri menggunakan VAS. Hasil: berdasarkan Uji Wilcoxon didapatkan nilai signifikasi pada kelompok electrotherapy sebesar 0.020 (p<0.05) dan pada kelompok electrotherapy ditambah metode isometric exercise didapat hasil 0.005 (p<0.05). berdasarkan Uji Mann Whitney didapatkan nilai signifikasi 0.149 (p>0.05). kesimpulan: tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara electrotherapy dan electrotherapy dengan penambahan metode isometric exercise terhadap penurunan nyeri osteoarthritis lutut pada lansia
ScholarOne - Gender Differentiation Influence on Effective Leadership: A Case of Educational Institution in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Al Mubarak Hanan , Zainal Maryam
Published: October 2023

Background: Gender differentiation is a matter that has been discussed and studied since decays, specifically educational sector has risen and shown a contribution to more researchers toward it since the chosen leaders will be raising the future generations. Leadership in the Educational sector has been continuously examined for utilization and efficacy, especially with the global changes concerns. Aim: the purpose of this research is to examine the influence of the masculinity and femininity index on effective leadership in an educational institution in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Research framework: a conceptual model has been selected from published research; both hypotheses show direct relations between dependent and independent variables. Methods: The methodology for this study was a mixture of qualitative methods in terms of applying Hofstede national culture index comparison and quantitative methods in terms of questionnaires to collect data. Results: results indicated the importance of having a leader with a combination of both male and female characteristics, to keep the workplace environment balanced and effective to work in. Conclusion: Reaching effective leadership and applying the transformational leadership style is the most demanded in any leadership position in any field. Recommendations: respectful, positive, and appreciative to achieve the objectives and be successful.
Resistencia al nematodo del pino. La investigación produce conocimiento y … resultados reales
Authors: Díaz Vázquez Raquel , Prada Ojea Eva , Alonso Santos Margarita , Villar Caamaño Lucía , Torres Sánchez Esteban , Frade Castro Sergio , Menéndez Gutierrez María
Published: October 2023

La enfermedad del marchitamiento del pino, causada por Bursaphenchus xylophilus, puede causar graves daños en los pinares españoles durante los próximos años. Desde 2013, el Centro de Investigación Forestal de Lourizán ha desarrollado una línea dentro de sus programas de mejora genética de Pinus pinaster y Pinus radiata para la selección de individuos resistentes a esta enfermedad. Por ser organismo de cuarentena, los múltiples ensayos de inoculación realizados se han efectuado en invernadero en condiciones controladas. En estos estudios se evaluó la susceptibilidad de distintas especies, así como procedencias y familias de pino marítimo e insigne. En todos los casos se ha encontrado variación genética, lo que muestra que la mejora genética es una herramienta viable para controlar esta enfermedad. También se evaluaron distintas cepas de nematodo para estudiar la posible variación genética entre cepas en virulencia en ambas especies de pino. Recientemente, también se están realizando ensayos de evaluación no destructivos. Todo esto, además de generar conocimiento sobre la enfermedad, ha dado lugar a la catalogación, en 2020, de seis progenitores de familia de P. pinaster, los cuales presentan mayor tolerancia a este nematodo. Actualmente, la Xunta de Galicia está realizando plantaciones con este material en la zona demarcada.
Cambios en las propiedades del suelo en función de la severidad del fuego en el suelo utilizando teledetección. Un caso de estudio en el incendio de Sierra Bermeja (S. España) de 2021
Authors: Fernandez Filgueira Cristina , Llorens Rafael , Sobrino Rogriguez Jose Antonio
Published: October 2023

La evaluación de los cambios en el suelo en función de la severidad es un paso crítico en la  planificación de las acciones de restauración pero depende de muestreos de campo, ya que su posible relación con índices espectrales apenas se han explorado hasta ahora. En este trabajo se ha realizado una evaluación de la severidad del fuego tras un incendio forestal en Sierra Bermeja (S de España). Se analizaron varias propiedades del suelo indicadoras de su erodibilidad en relación con diferentes niveles de severidad del fuego en el suelo, a dos profundidades (0-1 cm y 1-2 cm). Además, para cada parcela de muestreo, se calcularon diferentes índices espectrales.
El diámetro medio de los agregados y el carbono orgánico del suelo disminuyeron con la severidad del fuego en el suelo solo en el estrato más superficial. No se detectó  repelencia al agua del suelo en la superficie del suelo en los niveles más altos de severidad.
El Burned Area Index para Sentinel-2 (BAIS2) fue el mejor predictor del diámetro medio del peso de los agregados del suelo y del carbono orgánico del suelo.
Los resultados del estudio confirman la importancia de evaluar la severidad del fuego en el suelo y muestran que los cambios más significativos en las propiedades del suelo tienen lugar en el suelo más superficial. Aunque las técnicas de teledetección pueden ayudar a evaluar la severidad del fuego en el suelo, sigue siendo necesaria su evaluación sobre el terreno.
OVERSHOOTING TOP OF CONVECTIVE CLOUD IN EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS OVER JAVA REGION BASED ON VISUAL IDENTIFICATION OF HIMAWARI 8 IMAGERY
Authors: Pandjaitan Bony Septian , Faqih Akhmad , Alfahmi Furqon , . Perdinan
Published: October 2023

Overshooting top (OT) in convective clouds is an essential feature in extreme weather nowcasting performed by weather forecasters to represent the core location of the severe region of the convective cloud. In addition, we can estimate the location of extreme weather events by utilising OT climatology. Unfortunately, it cannot be realised in tropical Indonesia, especially on Java Island at present, because there still needs to be more research on the presence of OT in extreme weather events. This research aims to study the presence of OT in extreme weather events on Java Island using extreme weather reports and the Himawari 8 satellite data. We detect the presence or absence of OT patterns at the location of the extreme weather event with Visual identification by using a visible channel (0.64 μm) with a spatial resolution of 500 m and sandwich products. We found that about 87% of extreme weather occurred accompanied by the appearance of OT patterns from convective clouds. A parallax effect of Himawari 8 caused the detected OT location in the southwest direction of the actual location. Extreme weather events accompanied by the OT feature of convective clouds most often occur in the transitional period of the rainy to dry season (MAM) and the rainy season (DJF). Meanwhile, extreme weather events rarely occur during the dry season (JJA). Extreme weather events accompanied by OT often occur from midday to late afternoon. OT in this study has a diameter between 2-15 km during extreme weather events. A time lag between the appearance of OT and extreme weather events in Java Island gives us opportunities for approximating and nowcasting the extreme weather events.
Investigation the Effect of Covıd-19 Pandemic in The Sales for Online Education Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors:   Department of Industrial Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey, Seker Sukran , Ergün Merve Türkmen ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Besiktas, 34349, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: October 2023

Due to the pandemic which is the cause of the COVID-19 virus that emerged in 2019, many educational institutions had to follow online (remote) education. The situation in which the content of the pandemic occurred was also the reason for the education preferences of the users. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of the pandemic, which includes the number of registered users of one of the online education platforms operating in Turkey thanks to machine learning, on distance education sales, and to create strategies by making sales forecasts for the future. Seven independent and one dependent variable were used to make sales forecasts using the data of the education structure. For accurate modelling, machine learning methods were first applied for decision analytics in a univariate manner and then multivariate applied and the applied methods were tested for error. By testing the success of the prediction models created with machine learning used in the study; 91.43% for support vector machine (SVM), 92.02% for multi-layer perceptron (MLP), and 96% for Long / Short Term Memory (LSTM). K-Folds cross validation method was also used for the success return of the established model.
Measuring energy loss of alpha particles in hydrogen gas
Authors: QADR Hiwa Mohammad , MAMAND Dyari
Published: October 2023

The goal of this work is to measure the rate of energy loss (stopping power) of alpha particles emitted from 241Am source as it passes through hydrogen gas which have been investigated using surface barrier detector in vacuum chamber. It was found that the loss energy of alpha particles in hydrogen gas decreases linearly with the increase in the pressure between 0 and 1 bar. The measured value of the range and stopping power were compared with SRIM code and ICRU. The predicted values based on the experimental, SRIM code and ICRU show good agreement with for stopping power and rang of alpha particle.
Chuyển động, khoảng lặng và sự xuất hiện của ý thức: tác động qua lại với môi trường
Authors: Hoàng Nguyễn Minh
Published: October 2023

Các nhà nghiên cứu thuộc Florida Atlantic University đã công bố một nghiên cứu công phu, phát hiện thời điểm trỗi dậy của “cái biết có ý thức”. (Tạp chí Kinh tế và Dự báo; ngày 30-9-2023)
Management and organizational
Authors: Putra Lucky Fajar Adtya
Published: October 2023

Catatan tentang materi apa itu management dan organisasi
The role of Fluid Intelligence and Socioeconomic Status on Reading Development in Students with Intellectual Disability: The Mediated Role of Early Literacy Skills and Moderation by Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Palmqvist Lisa , Heimann Mikael , Samuelsson Jenny , Thunberg Gunilla , Reichenberg Monica , Lundälv Mats , Holmer Emil
Published: October 2023

Reading is essential for academic success and societal participation, yet many individuals with intellectual disability struggle with reading. Purpose: This is the first study to investigate how fluid intelligence and socioeconomic status (SES) influence reading ability in beginning readers with intellectual disability, focusing on the mediating role of early literacy skills while testing the possible moderated mediation of SES. Method: Using structural equation modelling (SEM), we analysed data from 135 beginning readers with intellectual disability (mean age 13.7 years) attending Swedish compulsory schools for students with intellectual disability. Findings: The results showed that the effect of fluid intelligence on reading ability is mediated via early literacy skills. Furthermore, the results show that this mediation was stronger in students with higher SES compared to those with lower SES. This study provides new results suggesting that supportive environmental contexts provided by higher SES might amplify the benefits of fluid intelligence on reading outcomes. Despite the cross-sectional nature of the data, the findings underscore the importance of early literacy skills and the broader socio-economic context in reading ability for students with intellectual disability. Educational interventions should prioritize enhancing early literacy skills and might need to consider socio-economic factors to effectively support reading development. Future research should explore additional cognitive, linguistic, and environmental factors, utilizing longitudinal designs to confirm these findings and inform tailored educational strategies.
Introduction of management and organization
Authors: Putra Lucky Fajar Adtya
Published: October 2023

Materi : 1.1 Who Are Managers?1.2 What Is Management?1.3 What Do Managers Do?1.4 What Is An Organization?
Predicted effectiveness of EnChroma multi-notch filters for enhancing color perception in anomalous trichromats
Authors: Bosten Jenny , Somers Lucy
Published: October 2023

EnChroma filters are aids designed to improve color vision for anomalous trichromats. Their use is controversial because the results of lab-based assessments of their effectiveness have so far largely failed to agree with positive anecdotal reports. However, the effectiveness of EnChroma filters will vary depending on the conditions of viewing, including whether the stimuli are broadband reflective surfaces or colors presented on RGB displays, whether illumination spectra are broadband or narrowband, the transmission spectra of particular filters, and the cone spectral sensitivity functions of the observer. We created a model of anomalous trichromatic color vision to predict the effects of EnChroma filters on the color signals impaired in anomalous trichromacy. Using the model we varied illumination, filter type and observer cone sensitivity functions, and tested the effect of presenting colors as broadband reflective surfaces or on RGB displays. We also used hyperspectral images to assess the impact of the filters on anomalous trichromats’ color vision for natural scenes. Model results predicted that the filters should be broadly effective at enhancing anomalous trichromats’ equivalent to L/(L+M) chromatic contrasts under a range of viewing conditions, but are substantially more effective for deuteranomals than for protanomals. The filters are predicted to be more effective for broadband reflective surfaces presented under broadband illuminants than for surfaces presented under narrowband illuminants or for colors presented on RGB displays. Since the potential impacts of contrast adaptation and perceptual learning are not considered in the model, it needs to be empirically validated. Results of empirical tests of the effects of EnChroma filters on deuteranomalous color vision in comparison with model predictions are presented in an accompanying paper (Somers et al., in prep.).
Dynamic changes in task preparation in a multi-task environment: The task transformation paradigm
Authors: Chai Mengqiao , Holroyd Clay B. , Brass Marcel , Braem Senne
Published: October 2023

A key element of human flexible behavior concerns the ability to continuously predict and prepare for sudden changes in tasks or actions. Here, we tested whether people can dynamically modulate task preparation processes and decision-making strategies when the identity of a to-be-performed task becomes uncertain. To this end, we developed a new paradigm where participants need to prepare for one of nine tasks on each trial. Crucially, in some blocks, the task being prepared could suddenly shift to a different task after a longer cue-target interval, by changing either the stimulus category or categorization rule that defined the initial task. We found that participants were able to dynamically modulate task preparation in the face of this task uncertainty. A second experiment shows that these changes in behavior were not simply a function of decreasing task expectancy, but rather of increasing switch expectancy. Finally, in the third and fourth experiment, we demonstrate that these dynamic modulations can be applied in a compositional manner, depending on whether either only the stimulus category or categorization rule would be expected to switch.
Factors Influencing Trust in Algorithmic Decision-Making: An Indirect Scenario-based Experiment
Authors: Marmolejo-Ramos Fernando
Published: October 2023

Algorithms are involved in decisions ranging from trivial to significant, but people often express distrust towards them. Research suggests that educational efforts to explain how algorithms work may help mitigate this distrust. In a study of 1,921 participants from 20 countries, we examined differences in algorithmic trust for low-stakes and high-stakes decisions. Our results suggest that statistical literacy is negatively associated with trust in algorithms for high-stakes situations, while it is positively associated with trust in low-stakes scenarios with high algorithm familiarity. However, explainability did not appear to influence trust in algorithms. We conclude that having statistical literacy enables individuals to critically evaluate the decisions made by algorithms, data and AI, and consider them alongside other factors before making significant life decisions. This ensures that individuals are not solely relying on algorithms that may not fully capture the complexity and nuances of human behavior and decision-making. Therefore, policymakers should consider promoting statistical/AI literacy to address some of the complexities associated with trust in algorithms. This work paves the way for further research, including the triangulation of data with direct observations of user interactions with algorithms or physiological measures to assess trust more accurately.
Prolonged Exposure to Mixed Reality Alters Task Performance in the Unmediated Environment
Authors: Wang Xiaoye Michael , Southwick Daniel , Robinson Ian , Nitsche Michael , Resch Gabby , Mazalek Ali , Welsh Timothy N.
Published: October 2023

The popularity of mixed reality (MR) technologies, including virtual (VR) and augmented (AR) reality, have advanced many training and skill development applications. If successful, these technologies could be valuable for high-impact professional training, like medical operations or sports, where the physical resources are limited or inaccessible. Despite MR’s potential, it is still unclear whether repeatedly performing a task in MR would affect performance in the same or related tasks in the physical environment. To investigate this issue, participants executed a series of visually-guided manual pointing movements in the physical world before and after spending one hour in VR or AR performing similar movements. Results showed that, due to the MR headsets’ intrinsic perceptual geometry, movements executed in VR were shorter and movements executed in AR were longer than the veridical Euclidean distance. Crucially, the sensorimotor bias in MR conditions also manifested in the subsequent post-test pointing task; participants transferring from VR initially undershoot whereas those from AR overshoot the target in the physical environment. These findings call for careful consideration of MR-based training because the exposure to MR may perturb the sensorimotor processes in the physical environment and negatively impact performance accuracy and transfer of training from MR to UR.
Putting ICAP to the test: How are technology-enhanced learning ac-tivities related to cognitive and affective-motivational learning out-comes in higher education?
Authors: Wekerle Christina , Daumiller Martin , Janke Stefan , Dickhäuser Oliver , Dresel Markus , Kollar Ingo
Published: October 2023

Digital technology is considered to have great potential to promote learning in higher education, especially when instructors stimulate high-quality learning activities such as constructive and in-teractive learning activities instead of active and passive learning activities in line with the Inter-active, Constructive, Active, Passive (ICAP) framework. Against the background of a lack of empirical studies in authentic, technology-enhanced instructional settings, we investigated the cognitive and affective-motivational effects of these learning activity modes in authentic, tech-nology-enhanced higher education courses. To this end, we used 3.820 student assessments re-garding 170 course sessions for which the teachers stated the learning activities students were engaged in. Results of multilevel structural equation modelling highlight the importance of tech-nology-enhanced interactive learning activities for students’ perception of learning and the po-tential negative consequences of passive learning activities for affective-motivational out-comes. However, the superiority of constructive and interactive learning activities compared to passive and active learning activities for cognitive and affective-motivational outcomes was not supported by the findings. Instead, the findings point to potential differential effects of the indi-vidual learning activities within one activity mode. These should be followed up on in future re-search to gain a more fine-grained understanding of how technology-enhanced learning activi-ties can be optimized to enhance students’ learning outcomes.
Sonoception: Synthetic auditory stimulation of the insula alters proxies of interoceptive processing at behavioral and cortical levels.
Authors: Di Lernia Daniele , Zaccaro Andrea , Herman Aleksandra Maria , Villani Valerio , Finotti Gianluca , Costantini Marcello , Ferri Francesca , Tsakiris Manos , Riva Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

We present a novel, non-invasive stimulation technique called Sonoception that utilizes synthetic auditory frequencies at 6Hz and 2Hz to activate respectively the left and right insula and, in turn, produce measurable neural and behavioral effects. We conducted three exploratory studies to test if and how Sonoception could modulate proxies of interoceptive processing at behavioral and cortical levels. In Study 1 (N=44), we utilized an Emotional GoNoGo task with faces depicting disgusted or neutral expressions to measure the effect of the stimulation on inhibitory control and emotion discrimination. The 6Hz stimulation decreased False Alarms for neutral faces, while the 2Hz stimulation increased False Alarms rate for the disgusted faces. This suggests that the 6Hz stimulation promoted inhibitory control, possibly diminishing salience in high-arousal contexts, while the 2Hz stimulation promoted impulsivity, possibly heightening the immediate arousal value and behavioral relevance of emotional stimuli. In Study 2 (N=20), we analyzed the effect of Sonoception on Heartbeat-Evoked Potentials (HEPs). Results indicated increased amplitude of the HEPs after the 6Hz stimulation, suggesting that the frequency was able to enhance the cortical processing of cardiac afferent signals. Lastly, in Study 3 we utilized resting state fMRI (N=30) to confirm that the 6Hz synthetic auditory stimulation could effectively activate the left insula compared to the 2Hz stimulation. In conclusion, Sonoception demonstrates the potential to activate the insular cortex in a non-invasive manner. This technique holds promise for advancing our understanding of the interoceptive system.
Improving Treatments for Mental Disorders using Computational Models
Authors: Ryan Oisín , Haslbeck Jonas M B , Robinaugh Donald
Published: October 2023

Progress in the treatment of psychopathology has slowed and much remains unknown about how treatments achieve their beneficial effects. We propose that computational models can be used to provide new insights into how treatments work and how they can be improved. We argue that treatments are best understood as interventions on systems of interacting components, and that computational models are needed if we are to accurately and precisely determine the effect an intervention will have on this system. We demonstrate this approach by using a computational model of panic disorder to conduct an in silico dismantling study of cognitive behavioral therapy. This simulated trial allows us to: identify a common source of treatment failure; propose a revised treatment protocol that mitigates this source of failure; and demonstrate that, if the model is accurate, this revised protocol will lead to improved treatment outcomes for 10% of patients. We conclude with a discussion of the promise and challenges of using computational models for treatment research.
Psychotherapie mit Fokus auf interpersonelle Kompetenzen und mentale Gesundheit bei Personen auf dem Autismusspektrum - Einblicke aus der Praxis
Authors: Pelzl Michael Alexander
Published: October 2023

Ziel dieses kurzen Essays ist nicht klar wissenschaftlich belegte Empfehlungen zur psychotherapeutischen Behandlung von Personen auf dem Autismus Spektrum zu geben (auch wenn diese für den deutschsprachigen Raum sehr wünschenswert und lange überfällig sind), sondern eherinteressierten Laien , Betroffenen, deren Angehörigen und vielleicht sogar den ein oder anderentherapeutischen Kolleg*Innen, einen kleinen Einblick in mögliche Therapieansätze, die zum Einsatzkommen können, zu geben. Diese basieren auf der eignen Praxis des Autors und auf Befragung vonKolleg*Innen und Betroffenen, die bereits Erfahrung mit dieser Art von Therapie gemacht haben.Damit soll versucht werden Interesse zu wecken, Berührungsängste abzubauen und vielleicht sogar zuinspirieren!
Guns Before Butter — A New Reality?
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO), Stefanovich Dmitry V. , Ermakov Alexander S. ,   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO)
Published: October 2023

Warfighting in Ukraine in 2022-2023 has become the first large-scale armed conflict in Europe in the 21st century that directly involves Russia and NATO. The scale of events, the geography of operations, the number of weapons used and the personnel engaged require a reassessment of military development and defense spending priorities in many countries around the world. This article analyzes certain features of the current armed conflict and the decisions already made by individual countries. The authors come to the conclusion that given the scale of military buildup in Europe and elsewhere it is advisable to think about new measures to reduce risks now and establish effective arms control in the future.
Sanskrit in Modern Context: Exploring the use and revival of Sanskrit in contemporary society, including its role in education, literature, and arts
Authors: Vyas Mina S.
Published: October 2023

This research explores the use and resurgence of Sanskrit in modern culture with an emphasis on its functions in the fields of education, literature, and the arts. Over the ages, the spoken form of Sanskrit, an ancient Indo-European language famed for its religious, philosophical, and literary literature, gradually declined. However, in recent years, there have been persistent attempts by academics and enthusiasts to restore Sanskrit's importance in a number of fields. This study investigates the use of Sanskrit in contemporary education, including its use in colleges and universities, as well as the difficulties and possibilities associated with teaching and studying this ancient language. The research also looks at the impact of Sanskrit on modern literature and the arts, including classical dance, music, and theatre. Additionally, it explores the language's function in religious and philosophical discourse, illuminating its importance in the preservation and dissemination of spiritual and philosophical literature. The article examines Sanskrit's distinctive linguistic traits and its contributions to contemporary linguistic research, especially its importance in the reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European and comparative linguistics. The study also emphasises the role of technology in text preservation and dissemination, as well as the digital resources accessible for studying Sanskrit and exploring its literary riches. It emphasises the necessity for ongoing efforts to conserve and develop this ancient language as an important cultural and intellectual asset in the modern world by reflecting on the difficulties and chances for Sanskrit in the future.
Representation of Power and Sacrifice in T S Eliots's Murder In The Cathedral
Authors: Sumbad Jigar
Published: October 2023

The dramas began to emerge in the 20th century and it became One of the prosperous and more popular genre in the world of literature most of the dramas was previously based on the Christian themes and religions themes the modern drama reached to its peak with the words, imagination, verse and thoughts of T S Elliot. Murder in the Cathedral depicts the conflicts of good and bad, power and sacrifice, truth and untruth it possesses sequences of interlude which describes the before and after portion of the play. Murder in the Cathedral views perfect image and struggle between The Archbishop and The King between the good and the bad.
Assessment of Serum Levels of Advanced Oxidation Protein Products in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with and without Retinopathy Taking Different Antidiabetic Treatments
Authors: Sara Asaad Kadhim  , Eman Saadi Saleh  , Aymen Dheaa Jaafer
Published: October 2023

The goal of this study was to investigate the protein peroxidation role by measuring serum levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in type 2 diabetic patients with or without retinopathy and comparing them to controls to see if circulating AOPP levels can be used as a detection biomarker for DR. And see which of the two widely used antidiabetic treatment groups had the most impact on this oxidative stress marker. The groups were divided into two subgroups: 1) 70 type 2 diabetic patients (36 male, 34 female), 35 with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 35 with no evidence of DR, and 2) non-diabetic controls (11 male, 9 female) were chosen from Ibn AL-Haitham Hospital for Ophthalmology and a Specialized Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes. AOPP levels were significantly higher in diabetic patients with (12.5±5.6 ng/ml) or without DR (5.1±4 ng/ml) when compared to those of controls (1.45  0.8 ng/ml) (p<0.05). AOPP levels were higher in the late stage of DR compared to the early stage(14   3.15 ng/ml ) and ( 10  2.13 ng/ml) respectively so. Furthermore, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4 inhibitors) cause a better reduction in AOPP levels compared to Sulfonylureas (SUs) in the NDR group. Increased protein oxidation may involve in the pathogenesis and severity of DR and the serum AOPP levels have the prospect to become a marker for the diagnosis of DR. DPP-4 inhibitors were better in slowing the progression of the disease compared to SUs.
Recurrent Hypoglycaemia in A Diabetic Patient: The Unexpected Diagnosis
Authors: Ooi Poh Siang , Draman Nani , Mustaffa Nazri , Jamani Nurjasmine Aida
Published: October 2023

Hypoglycaemia is a common complication seen in diabetic patients receiving insulin. However, insulin is not the risk factor for hypoglycaemia attack as patient with underlying liver problem is also at risk. Thus, as an attending physician, a high index of suspicion is required in dealing with hypoglycaemia patient. We report a 60-year-old woman with underlying diabetes mellitus who presented with recurrent hypoglycaemic episodes and noted to have multiple benign liver cysts that progressed into hepatic failure secondary to hepatocellular carcinoma.
Improved Quality of Healed Wounds with Topical Application of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack Root Extract Hydrogel
Authors: Yaseen Al-Bayati Maryam Riyadh , Ghazi Faisal Ghasak , Abd Fuaat Azliana , Ahmad Affandi Khairunisa , Alallam Batoul
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: Collagen is the key component of the extracellular matrix that plays a critical role in the strength and quality of the healed wound. Eurycoma longifolia Jack root extract (TA) has been documented as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agent that may improve the quality of healed wounds. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of topical application of TA hydrogel on the quality of the healed skin in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats were grouped into 4 groups: Negative control, Hydrocyn® aqua gel positive control, vehicle (Xanthan) hydrogel, and Eurycoma longifolia Jack (TA) hydrogel. Treatments were applied twice daily starting on wounding day until day 21. An excisional wound was created on the back of 20 rats. Tissue samples of the healed skin were collected for histological examination by measuring the epidermal and dermal thicknesses and evaluating the collagen fibre quality by VVG stain. RESULTS: The TA hydrogel group had the thickest newly formed epidermis compared with the other experimental groups. For the dermal thickness, compared with the vehicle (xanthan) hydrogel group, TA hydrogel, and Hydrocyn aqua® gel positive control groups showed significantly increased thickness with p values 0.020 and 0.045, respectively. Histologically TA hydrogel group showed a significant increase in mixed-oriented collagen fibres, and fascicular collagen bundles and showed profound collagen density. CONCLUSION: TA hydrogel improved the quality of healed skin by increasing the epidermal/dermal thicknesses and enhancing the quality of newly produced collagen fibres. It can be considered a promising and effective wound-healing agent.
Confronting Global Obesity Epidemic: Art of Simplicity, Puzzle of Complexity
Authors: Nik Ahmad  Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nik Nur Fatnoon
Published: October 2023

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Hipoadrenocorticismo primário atípico em um cão: Relato de caso
Authors: Barbosa Viana Danilo , Nassar de Marchi Paula , Nelson Gava Fábio
Published: October 2023

Hypoadrenocorticism is an endocrinopathy defined as a deficiency in the production of glucocorticoids and/or mineralocorticoids. It is uncommon in dogs, with primary and secondary causes, the former having typical and atypical presentations. The clinical signs are unspecific and highly variable, and the patient may present only sporadic hyporexia, vomiting and diarrhea, or even hypovolemic shock and death. Diagnosis is based on anamnesis, clinical signs, laboratory tests and imaging, with the ACTH (adrenocorticotrophic hormone) stimulation test being the hormonal test of choice for diagnosing the disease. Treatment is based on exogenous hormone replacement, based on the patient's needs. The aim of this report is to describe the case of a five-and-a-half-year-old, neutered, male German Dane with a history of hyporexia, progressive weight loss, vomiting, intermittent pasty stool and anemia for almost a year. Based on the laboratory and imaging findings, the suspicion of hypoadrenocorticism was raised and the diagnosis was concluded based on the ACTH stimulation test and basal ACTH dosage. The treatment instituted was exogenous glucocorticoid replacement and, after a short period of treatment, the patient showed considerable clinical and hematological improvement. It was concluded that hypoadrenocorticism is a disease with an often challenging diagnosis, but with  excellent prognosis if treatment is instituted quickly and assertively, which improves the quality of life both both the patient and their guardian.
Sialocele em cão da raça Pinscher: Relato de caso
Authors: Bonotto Petra Kling , Collere Angela Carolina Ivanski , Lange Rogério Ribas , Santos Juliana Cavalli , Soares Thaís Jassek , Soares Helena Baggio , Victorino Jéssica Martinelli
Published: October 2023

Sialocele is the accumulation of saliva in the subcutaneous tissue, normally caused by trauma, lesions in the salivary ducts, obstructions, sialoliths or other unknown causes. It usually affects middle-aged dogs. The condition usually presents itself with an increase in volume at the site of the affected salivary gland; it is not painful and has rapid progression. This report aims to describe a case of sialocele of unknown cause in the mandibular gland of a Pinscher canine admitted and treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Paraná (UFPR). The diagnosis is based on anamnesis, physical examination and complementary exams (aspiration cytology), and the instituted treatment was the mandibular gland removal. The treatment was effective and there was no recurrence.
NAMES OF TREES AND SHRUBS IN A FEW POLISH DIALECTS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Zakhutska O , Cherniak V , Zhornokui U
Published: October 2023

Flora is an inseparable element of rural life and, consequently, it preserves the linguistic image of the world in human consciousness. The paper presents the vocabulary relating to the world of trees and shrubs in a few Polish dialects in Khmelnytskyi and Zhytomyr regions in Ukraine based on several published dictionaries and unpublished texts. The examined thematic scope counts 149 lexical units, divided into five groups: “General notions and places of growing”, “Names of trees and shrubs”, “Parts of trees and shrubs”, “Characteristics of trees and shrubs” and “Functioning of trees and shrubs”. The analysis goes beyond presenting exclusively “peculiar” lexemes in favour of a comprehensive approach to the researched scope, what corresponds to the latest tendencies in studying Polish vocabulary in Ukraine. Thus, the article shows both native Polish lexical layer counting 84 words (i.e. 56%), of which 57 words (i.e. 68%) are common to Polish and Ukrainian and/or Russian, and borrowed layer counting 65 words from Ukrainian and/or Russian (i.e. 44%), among which Ukrainianisms definitely prevail (i.e. 68%). Showing the ratio of native Polish to borrowed lexical layer reveals, on the one hand, the strength of the native language, and on the other hand, the strength of foreign influences. Their competition manifests itself among others in broad synonymy that can appear on different levels. It is worth emphasizing that the research concerns word registers and dictionaries and consequently does not reflect the frequency of word use in texts. We suppose that a frequency study of thematic vocabulary would bring different results and should be the subject of further research.
Enhancing Brake System Evaluation in Periodic Testing of Goods Transport Vehicles through FTA-FMEA Risk Analysis
Authors: Ansori Irfan , Waskito Dwitya Harits , Mutharuddin Mutharuddin , Irawati Novi , Nugroho Sinung , Mardiana Tetty Sulastri , Subaryata Subaryata , Siregar Nurul Aldha Mauliddina
Published: October 2023

Failure of the braking system is one of the factors causing traffic accidents, therefore periodic testing of goods transport vehicles is very important. In fact, the incidence rate is still very high despite routine testing. Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for periodic testing must be updated to reduce the risk of possible accidents. Therefore, procedures for updating the SOP for periodic brake system testing are presented in this article. The Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) methods were applied based on accident investigation data from the National Transportation Safety Committee (NTSC) from 2017 to 2022. FTA is used for risk identification, while FMEA is used for risk analysis to find the highest-risk failure cases. The results of our analysis showed that 13 failure cases were classified as intolerable so additional SOPs were required for each case. Finally, the results of this study provide new insights for stakeholders to revise the rules regarding periodic vehicle testing.
Delayed ischemic events with low-dose prasugrel medication for stent-assisted coil embolization in intracranial aneurysm patients
Authors: Choi Hyun Ho , Lee Heui Seung , Lee Sung Ho , Kim Kangmin , Cho Won-Sang , Kim Jeong Eun , Kang Hyun-Seung
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

Much emphasis has been put on the use of antiplatelet medication for the prevention of ischemic events in the treatment of cerebral aneurysms with stent assistance. In this regard, the effectiveness and safety of a low-dose prasugrel regimen during the periprocedural period was recently reported. The purpose of this study was to present the outcomes of patients on low-dose prasugrel regimens during the follow-up period after stent-assisted coil embolization (SACE) of cerebral aneurysms.

METHODS

For the 396 consecutive patients undergoing SACE procedures, low-dose prasugrel therapy (5 mg of prasugrel and 100 mg of aspirin) was recommended for 3 months after the endovascular treatment. The authors performed a retrospective review of a single-center experience focusing on delayed ischemic events beyond 1 month after treatment. The mean follow-up period was 24.6 ± 11.3 months.

RESULTS

In this cohort of patients on a low-dose prasugrel regimen, cerebral infarction occurred in 1 patient (0.3%, 95% CI 0%–1.8%) beyond 1 month after SACE. No intracranial hemorrhage occurred. Overall ischemic events occurred in 14 patients (3.5%, 95% CI 2.1%–5.9%), all within 6 months of the coiling procedure. All patients had transient symptoms. The events occurred within 2 months after cessation of prasugrel in 11 patients (78.6%). Prasugrel maintenance for 6 months was found to result in lower ischemic events compared with maintenance for 3 months.

CONCLUSIONS

For patients undergoing SACE, a low-dose prasugrel regimen was a safe and reliable treatment option for the prevention of delayed ischemic events. Transient ischemic events often occurred within 2 months of stopping prasugrel medication.
Interaction of admission platelet count with current medications and the risk for chronic subdural recurrence
Authors: Eagle Shawn R. , Mittal Aditya M. , Kellogg Ryan T. , Vargas Jan , Nwachuku Enyinna , Deng Hansen , Buell Thomas J. , Okonkwo David O. , Pease Matthew
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) has a reported 10%–24% rate of recurrence after surgery, and prognostic models for recurrence have produced equivocal results. The objective of this study was to leverage a data mining algorithm, chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID), which can incorporate continuous, nominal, and binary data into a decision tree, to identify the most robust predictors of repeat surgery for cSDH patients.

METHODS

This was a retrospective cohort study of all patients with SDH from two level 1 trauma centers at a single institution. All patients underwent cSDH evacuation performed by 15 neurosurgeons between 2011 and 2020. The primary outcome was the rate of repeat surgery for recurrent cSDH following the initial evacuation. The authors used CHAID to identify relevant predictors of repeat surgery, including age, sex, comorbidities, postsurgical complications, platelet count prior to the first procedure, midline shift prior to the first procedure, hematoma volume, and preoperative use of anticoagulants, antiplatelets, or statins.

RESULTS

Sixty (13.8%) of 435 study-eligible patients (average age 74.0 years) had a cSDH recurrence. These patients had 2.0 times greater odds of having used anticoagulants. The final CHAID model had an overall accuracy of 87.4% and an area under the curve of 0.76. According to the model, the predictor with the strongest association with cSDH recurrence was admission platelet count. Approximately 26% of patients (n = 23/87) with an admission platelet count < 157 × 109/L had a cSDH recurrence, whereas none of the 44 patients with admission platelets > 313 × 109/L had a recurrence. Approximately 17% of patients in the 157–313 × 109/L platelet group who had used preoperative statins required a second procedure, which was associated with a 2.3 times increased risk for repeat surgery compared to those who had not used statins preoperatively. Among those who had not used preoperative statins, a platelet count ≤ 179 × 109/L on admission for the first procedure was the strongest differentiator for a second surgery (n = 5/22 [23%]), which increased the risk of recurrence by 4.5 times. Among the patients using preoperative statins, the use of anticoagulants was the strongest differentiator for requiring repeat surgery (n = 11/33 [33%]).

CONCLUSIONS

The described model identified platelet count on admission as the most important predictor of repeat cSDH surgery, followed by preoperative statin use and anticoagulant use. Critical cutoffs for platelet count were identified, which future studies should evaluate to determine if they are modifiable or reflective of underlying disease states.