bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Suicidal Ideation among Korean Adults Using Machine Learning: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Oh Bumjo , Yun Je-Yeon , Yeo Eun Chong , Kim Dong-Hoi , Kim Jin , Cho Bum-Joo
Published: March 2020

Objective Suicidal ideation (SI) precedes actual suicidal event. Thus, it is important for the prevention of suicide to screen the individuals with SI. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with SI and to build prediction models in Korean adults using machine learning methods.Methods The 2010–2013 dataset of the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey was used as the training dataset (n=16,437), and the subset collected in 2015 was used as the testing dataset (n=3,788). Various machine learning algorithms were applied and compared to the conventional logistic regression (LR)-based model.Results Common risk factors for SI included stress awareness, experience of continuous depressive mood, EQ-5D score, depressive disorder, household income, educational status, alcohol abuse, and unmet medical service needs. The prediction performances of the machine learning models, as measured by the area under receiver-operating curve, ranged from 0.794 to 0.877, some of which were better than that of the conventional LR model (0.867). The Bayesian network, LogitBoost with LR, and ANN models outperformed the conventional LR model.Conclusion A machine learning-based approach could provide better SI prediction performance compared to a conventional LR-based model. These may help primary care physicians to identify patients at risk of SI and will facilitate the early prevention of suicide.
Persebaran Tradisi Beliung Persegi dan Kapak Lonjong : Perpaduan di Kalumpang
Authors: Nurani Indah Asikin
Published: March 2020

DI antara alat-alat batu yang paling menonjol dari masa bercocoktanam di Indonesia adalah kapak lonjong dan beliungc persegi. Secara tekno-morfologts maupun stratlgrafi alat yang paling tua dari kedua tradisi ini adalah tradisi kapak lonjong atau sering disebut neolithikum Papua, karena terutama sekali ditemukan di lrian. Tom Harrison telah membuktikan secara stratigrafis dalam ekskavasi yang dilakukan di Gua Niah, Serawak (Soejono, 1984: 180). Persebaran kapak lonjong meliputi banyak tempat di Indonesia bagian timur seperti di Sulawesi, Sangihe-Talaud, Flores, Maluku, Leti, Tanimbar, dan lrian. Sedangkan di luar Indonesia kapak lonjong dltemukan tersebar luas meliputl Burma, Cina, Mancuria, Taiwan, Jepang, Phlliphina dan juga di India.
Theisme Dalam Bhagavadgita
Authors: Nastiti Titi Surti
Published: March 2020

Bhagavadgita sangat dipengaruhi oleh ajaran-ajaran Veda. Upanishad, Buddhis. Bhagavadgita, Samkhya dan Yoga, serta ajaran-ajaran lainnya yang berpengaruh pada masa itu (Bhandarkar 1913:27; Dasgupta 1952:549-550; Radhakrtshnan 1929:525). Bhagavadgita pun dianggap telah bersintesa dengan agama Bhagavata, bahkan ajaran Bhagavadgita identik dengan doktrin Bhagavata sehingga pada suatu saat Bhagavadgita disebut sebagai Hartgita (Radhakrtshnan 1929: 527).
Gaya Khat Arab di Masjid Pencikan dan Situs Makam Ki Ageng Ngerang Daerah Juwana: Tinjauan Berdasarkan Data Arkeohistoris
Authors: Nawawi Abdul Choliq
Published: March 2020

Dalam penelitian arkeologi yang berlangsung pada tanggal 8 s.d. 22 Juli 1992 di Kabupaten Demak dan Pati Propinsi Jawa Tengah. Tim Peneliti dari Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta menjumpai di dalam ruang bangunan Masjid Pencikan, Dusun Bumirejo. Desa Kampungbaru, Kecamatan Juwana tiga khat Arab yang tertulis pada papan kayu Jati (Foto: 1 .2). Di Blok Pencikan, Dusun Bumirejo. Desa Kampungbaru ini terletak di tepi sebelah timur Sungai Silugangga yang bermuara pada Sungai Juwana.
Makna Genta Tembaga Lekuk Lima Pada Mustaka Masjid Tembelang: Kajian Teknologis dan Etnohistoris
Authors: Nawawi Abdul Choliq
Published: March 2020

Genta tembaga lekuk lima sebagai mustaka masjid di Desa Tembelang (Foto. 1), Kecamatan Candimulyo, Kabupaten Magelang ini dijumpai oleh tim peneliti dari Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta yang melakukan studi tentang benda tinggalan sosial budaya Islam di daerah Kedu bagian utara, di Kabupaten Wonosobo, Temanggung, dan Magelang pada tanggal 13 sampai dengan 23 Oktober 1992.
Prinsip Tanggung Gugat Dari Profesi Perencana terhadap Kegagalan Pekerjaan Jasa Konstruksi Jalan Tol
Authors: Purwadi Ari
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The existence of the Indonesia Toll Road Authority, the authority in charge of the implementation of toll roads in Indonesia is expected to promote the establishment of the acceleration of the implementation of the toll road involving business entities. Binding of construction employment between users and providers of construction services construction services performed by establishing a construction contract. Issues that arise in the construction planner service is legal responsibilities as a professional on quality service their professionalism. This legal research using statute approach and the conceptual approach. Characteristics of the concession is a government contract, the contract between Indonesia Government and the toll road business entities, so that the relations with the toll road business entities are private relationship. The use of freedom of contract principle in government contracts has been limited, namely in government procurement auctions work done through toll road engineering planning services, where tender documents are included in the contract document, as it relates to toll road infrastructure with investments that very large to serve the public interest. Professional responsibility in the form of consulting the profession is responsibility based on profession standards (professional ethics), liability under the law, and responsibility based on scientific techniques standards. Responsibility based on scientific technique standards involves the government to form a team of experts in determining whether there is fault or not fault on consulting services. Legal liability using liability based on fault. In order to balance the elements of proof fault, it is advisable to revise the rules of the principle liability based on fault become presumption of liability principle.Keywords : liability, planners, toll road, building failures, failures construction .Â
ASAS ITIKAD BAIK SEBAGAI UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN DALAM PERJANJIAN PEMBIAYAAN
Authors: Winarni Luh Nila
Published: March 2020

Abstrak:Â Kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap kendaraan bermotor semakin meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan sarana transportasi. Kondisi ini dimanfaatkan oleh lembaga konsumen dengan cara membuat perjanjian baku dengan klausul yang ditentukan secara sepihak. Menurut Pasal 1338 ayat (3) KUHPdt, setiap orang diperbolehkan membuat perjanjian dengan siapapun dan tentang apapun sepanjang memenuhi syarat yang ditentukan dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, dan kepatutan dalam masyarakat. Penggunan asas kebebasan berkontrak ini akan dapat merugikan pihak konsumen, untuk melindungi konsumen, maka harus dilakukan dilakukan pembatasan-pembatasan. Salah satu pembatasannya adalah asas itikad baik, namun demikian asas itikad baik tersebut dalam hukum positif di Indonesia belum dirumuskan secara jelas dan pasti.Kata Kunci: kebebasan berkontrak, itikad baik, perlindungan hukum konsumen.Â
PERPANJANGAN SURAT IZIN MENGEMUDI MELALUI MOBIL LAYANAN DAN SIM CORNER
Authors: Suhartono Slamet
Published: March 2020

Abstract: In order to realize the welfare, the government continues its efforts to improve the public service, including the extension of a driver's license. Driver's license renewal service is done at counters the common crowd, like in the Mall, Supermarket, Roads, and so forth without being followed by the specified requirements, including not doing medical tests. In the perspective of elimination of administrative law requirements, in particular health condition is not in accordance with nature and permission functions. Because a person's health condition may change at any time decreased, and in a certain degree could endanger driving license holders, as well as other road user community. For the retest medis is essential in driver's license renewal.Key Word: driving license, health condition, endangering
KARAKTERISTIK KEDUDUKAN HUKUM AHLI WARIS KHUNTSA BERDASARKAN ADAT BADAMAI MASYARAKAT BANJAR
Authors: Ayu Riana Kesuma
Published: March 2020

Badamai at Banjar Adat community is the implementation of Islamic moral value that have always taught the way of peace or islah in resolving a dispute. Badamai in inheritance disputes prevalent in Banjar society islah way. Similarly in the case of dispute resolution such as divorce marital reconciliation, separate beds (barambangan), including the division of joint property badamai finish (treasure continence) during the marriage in the event of divorce or because of divorce life, this is often done by attempting to reconcile through roles (hakamain). The results of this research are: (1) the division of the community estate in Banjar performed usig an agency called islah, which is essentially the institution determines each part of the theirs and other beneficiaries by consensus. In the role of institutions islah master teacher and close relatives are parents is crucial. Therefore there is the role of master teacher, then the provisions of Islamic aw into their benchmark. But under normal circumstances (no inheritance dispute) the division of inheritance is done varies, at least in two ways, Faraâ€™id-Islah ad second Islah way, and (2) how to completion of the distribution of the estate is done in a family that is by agreement of the heirs based on a custom badamai valid for the Banjar, a wise solution to address the differences in economic conditions heirs. Waris Distribution Agreement in principle heir to the principle of division of real kinship is based on the belief of the scholars of fiqh that matter the beneficiary is an individual right which shall have the right to use or not use its right, or use their rights in a particular way while not harming others in accordance with the standard rules apply in ordinary circumstances
IMPEACHMENT PRESIDEN DAN/ATAU WAKIL PRESIDEN (Studi Perbandingan Antara Indonesia, Amerika Serikat, Dan Filipina)
Authors: Hadi Syofyan
Published: March 2020

Impeachment di Indonesia hanya dapat dilakukan terhadap Presiden dan/atau WakilÂ Presiden. Sedangan di Amerika Serikat dan Filipina, impeachment dapat dilakukan tidakÂ hanya pada Presiden dan Wakil Presiden, tetapi juga pada pejabat publik lainnya.Â Impeachment di Indonesia, Amerika Serikat dan Filipina dilakukan dengan alasan-alasanÂ tertentu, diantaranya melanggar hukum seperti pengkhianatan dan korupsi. ProsesÂ impeachment di Indonesia diawali dari hak menyatakan pendapat, kemudian dinilai olehÂ Mahkamah Konstitusi. Apabila terbukti, maka impeachment diputus oleh Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat. Sedangkan di Amerika Serikat dan Filipina, proses impeachmentÂ diawali dengan penyampaian Article of Impeachment oleh House of Representative kepadaÂ Senate. Senate berwenang mengadili dan memutus. Khusus untuk impeachment yang diajukanÂ kepada Presiden, maka Senate dipimpin oleh Chief of Justice of Supreme Court.Kata Kunci: Impeachment, dan Presiden dan/atauWakil Presiden.
PERBUATAN TERCELA SEBAGAI ALASAN PEMAKZULAN PRESIDEN DAN/ATAU WAKIL PRESIDEN
Authors: . Hufron
Published: March 2020

Dari enam alasan Pemakzulan Presiden dan/atau Wapres dalam Pasal 7 UUD 1945, yaitu (1)Â pengkhianatan terhadap negara, (2) korupsi, (3) penyuapan, (4) tindak pidana berat lainnya;Â (5) perbuatan tercela; dan (6) tidak lagi memenuhi syarat sebagai Presiden dan/atau Wapres,Â terdapat satu alasan yang perumusan normanya bersifat abstrak dan kabur, berakibat dapatÂ ditafsirkan secara beragam (multitafsir), yaitu melakukan â€œperbuatan tercelaâ€. PerumusanÂ norma demikian bertentangan dengan dengan prinsip negara hukum demokratis yangÂ bertumpu pada asas legalitas dan kepastian hukum dan asas pembentukan peraturanÂ perundangan yang baik, yaitu asas kejelasan dan kelengkapan rumusan. Sehingga akanÂ menjadi alasan bersifat elastis yang mudah â€œdimainkanâ€ secara politis oleh DPR dalamproses pemakzulan Presiden dan/atau Wapres. Kata Kunci: perbuatan tercela, pemakzulan presiden, negara hukum demokratis.
ETIKA PROFESI ADVOKAT SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGAWASAN DALAM MENJALANKAN FUNGSI ADVOKAT SEBAGAI PENEGAK HUKUM
Authors: Pramono Agus
Published: March 2020

Indonesia as a state of law based on Pancasila and the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945 guarantees equality for all before the law (equality before the law). In realizing the principles of law in the society and state, the role and function of Advocate as a profession that is free, independent and responsible is important, in addition to the judiciary and law enforcement agencies such as the police and prosecution. The problems in this dissertation are: (1) What are the basic ratiologic advocate violation of professional ethics Advocate? and (2) How does the concept of behavioral guidelines advocate in practicing a profession as legal counsel in an effort to control the Advocate in law enforcement? The method used is normative research enables researchers to utilize the findings of empirical legal science and other sciences for the benefit and the analysis and explanation of law without changing the character of law as a normative science. The method used in this research is the approach of legislation or statute approach, arguing that research must necessarily normative approach legislation, because examined are various rules of law as well as its central theme a focus of research. The results of basic research advocate consideration as a respectable profession and became an important part of chess dynasty law enforcement, Advocate has responsibility in undertaking to participate in the realization of the rule of law. The responsibility is not merely a necessity but a legally mandated obligations arising from the demands of conscience. The obligations of an advocate is reflected in the ability of responsible advocate against God, professional code of ethics, rules of law and society. Ultimately lawyer also required to be able to account for his actions to the public as an implementation of a sense of responsibility to God, codes and regulations. The concept of behavioral guidelines advocate in practicing a profession as a lawyer as Advocate control efforts in law enforcement by law or code of ethics which is already adequate, but rather on how to implement them. Relating to the existence of a single container and how to manage the Honorary Council (DK) Organization. Monitoring system needs to be upgraded with the supervision of the Advocate smoothed by the Advocate Organization with the Honorary Council to enforce the Law on Advocates and the Code of Conduct.
KAJIAN YURIDIS TENTANG KEBERADAAN PERGURUAN TINGGI NEGERI BADAN HUKUM MILIK NEGARA DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG SISTEM PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL
Authors: Rianti *
Published: March 2020

This research aims to analyze and expose how the position of the College of law in Agency-owned Country laws and regulations in these rights are examined from the legislation of the national education system. It also seeks to analyze and expose the juridical effects of the verdict of the Constitutional Court No. 11-14-21-126-136/PUU-VII/2009 against Universities State-owned legal entity. Establishment of universities in the form of a State-owned legal entity is as an attempt to provide unhampered to College for more independent in managing the activities of the Organization of the education in the institution. Lightness of being given to the College would not escape from the framework of the national education system. In order to realize the independence of such an ACT, namely Act No. BHP 9 2003. In the Act that the units are arranged in the shape of Education Education legal entity. The application of the concept of legal entities give rise to various kinds of Education turns pro cons. The concept of a legal entity described as if the Government let go of responsibility in the field of education. The concept of legal entities concerned about making education unit became a non-profit institution. In the end the Constitutional Court decided BHP LAW has no legal binding force. The position of the BHMN if examined through the Sisdiknas Article 53 is a body of legal education. Because it is considered as one legal entity, then the PTN BHMN as supporters of rights and obligations. The concept of PTN BHMN as one legal entity principled profit. As a legal entity has the will and PTN BHMN which will be formulated in the vision and mission of higher education institutions each of which surely should not be contrary to the purpose of national education which have been outlined in the ACT Sisdiknas.Keywords: College State-owned legal entity, legal entities, Education Law system of national education, the Constitutional Court.
PENERAPAN PERBUATAN MELANGGAR HUKUM DALAM RANGKA MEMBERIKAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM ATAS LAGU RAKYAT â€œTILLO-TILLO DAN ALATIPANGâ€
Authors: Iristian Yovan
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTThe policy to determine the copyright holder on the song unknown its creator according to the Copyright Acts in Indonesia is performed by the State, in which the State holds that copyright consistently based on article 11 paragraph (3) of the Acts Number 19 of 2002 about copyright. The copyright is held by the State and to be the collective property. The protection period is without period of time or unlimited, in which the state is holding the copyright consistently. In Indonesia, the period of time for copyright protection generally is along the life of its creator plus 50 years or 50 years after for the first time it notified or published. This case conducted recalled the developments in trade, industry, and investment fields already such rapid, until need the protection increase for the Creator and Owner of the Related Right by keep pay attention to the vast society interest. The efforts reached for the law enforcement to the infringement to copyright on the song whose creator is unknown is by performing law enforcement based on the Acts Number 19 of 2002 about the copyright in Indonesia. In Chapter XII it is arranged that, the law enforcement on copyright is performed by the copyright holder in the civil law, but there is also the criminal law side.Key Words: Creator, Song Copyright
ANALISIS YURIDIS IMPEACHMENT PRESIDEN DAN/ATAU WAKIL PRESIDEN DALAM SEJARAH KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA
Authors: Niâ€™mah Muniâ€™ Datun
Published: March 2020

-
KERANCUAN YURIDIS KEWENANGAN PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DALAM PERSPEKTIF OTONOMI DAERAH
Authors: Sutrisno Bambang
Published: March 2020

Terbitnya Undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 Tentang Pemerintahan Daerah, merupakan konsekuensi konstitusional dari amandemen UUD 1945, khususnya pasal 18 ayat (5) yang menetapkan: â€œPemerintah daerah menjalankan otonomi seluas-luasnya, kecuali urusan pemerintahan yang oleh Undang-undang ditentukan sebagai urusan pemerintah pusatâ€. Amanat UUD 1945 diatas, ditindaklanjuti dengan menuangkannya dalam Undang-undang NomorÂ  32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah, sebagaimana yang telah diubah dengan Undang-undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2008 tentang Perubahan Kedua Atas Undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004,Â  khususnya pasal 10, 13, dan pasal 14. Ketentuan Pasal 10 ayat (3) menetapkan rincian urusan pemerintahan yang menjadi wilayah kewenangan pemerintah pusat, sementara ketentuan pasal 13 dan 14 menetapkan rincian urusan pemerintahan yang menjadi hak, kewajiban dan tanggung jawab pemerintah daerahÂ  propinsi, kabupaten dan kota, yang salah satunya adalah tentang pengendalian lingkungan hidup. Berpedoman pada ketentuan di atas, maka tanggung jawab pengendalian lingkungan hidup menjadi salah satu urusan wajib pemerintah daerah. Sedangkan menurut Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 1997 tentang Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, tanggung jawab pengelolaan dan pengendalian lingkungan hidup, sepenuhnya menjadi wewenang Pemerintah Pusat.Key word : pengelolaan lingkungan hidup, otonomi daerah
ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN PERSELISIHAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL DI LUAR PENGADILAN
Authors: Pradima Akbar
Published: March 2020

Era industrialisasi yang semakin maju maka semakin kompleks permasalahan yang terjadi dalam perselisihan hubungan industrial, maka untuk penyelesaiannya diperlukan institusi atau lembaga yang mendukung mekanisme penyelesaian perselisihan yang cepat, tepat, adil dan murah diluar pengadilan. Undang-Undang No. 22 Tahun 1957 dan Undang-Undang No. 12 Tahun 1964 sudah tidak sesuai lagi dengan perkembangan keadaan dan kebutuhan dewasa ini. Selanjutnya, perlu diterbitkannya Undang-Undang baru karena sejak diberlakukannya Undang-Undang. No.5 Tahun 1986 tentang Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara (PTUN), maka Putusan Panitia Penyelesaian Perselisihan PusatÂ  (P4P) yang semula bersifat final dapat diajukan gugatan pada Pengadilan Tinggi Tata Usaha Negara (PTTUN) yang selanjutnya dapat dimohonkan Kasasi pada Mahkamah Agung.Dengan berlakunya Undang-Undang No.2 Tahun 2004, terhitung mulai tanggal 14 Januari 2005 (Pasal 126) PERPU No.1 Tahun 2005 Tentang Penundaan Pelaksanaan UU No. 2 Tahun 2004 Tentang Pengadilan Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial (PPHI) Selama 1 (Satu) tahunÂ  menjadi dilaksanakan pada tanggal 14 Januari 2006. Undang-Undang No. 2 tahun 2004 mengatur perselisihan tentang hak, kepentingan, pemutusan hubungan kerja, antar serikat pekerja/serikat buruh dalam satu perusahaan.Â Kata kunci : ketenagakerjaan, penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial
Studi Kasus Politik Identitas Perempuan dalam Film Ada Apa dengan Cinta
Authors: Ernawati Arni
Published: March 2020

Media audiovisual seperti film diyakini bisa menjadi alat penyampai pesan paling ampuh untuk masyarakat. Tidak heran banyak industri film semakin tumbuh subur untuk berlomba-lomba membuat film. Tema film yang hadirkan pun bermacam-macam, dan tema percintaan masih mendominasi dalam industri perfilman kita. Salah satu film yang turut meramaikan industri perfilman adalah film Ada Apa dengan Cinta (AADC) yang dirilis pada 7 Februari 2002. Film ini bisa dikatakan sebagai film pelopor dan paling laris pada masanya untuk kategori film pop-remaja atau percintaan platonis remaja. Film ini mengandung pesan penting bagi perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuka dan menganalisis pesan menyangkut politik identitas perempuan yang dibawakan dalam film AADC. Penulis mencoba mengamati setiap alur dan adegan dalam film. Film ini membawakan tentang perempuan yang dalam tekanan patriarki dan perempuan yang berjuang keluar dari tekanan tersebut. Hasil yang didapat dalam penelitian ini berupa hasil studi kasus atau analisis yang berhubungan dengan politik identitas dalam film.Kata Kunci: Politik identitas, perempuan, analisis film ABSTRACTAudio-visual media like film as the most powerful message delivery tool for public. No wonder many film industries are floushing to compete making movies. The theme of the film has been introduced with variuos kinds, and romance films still win our film industry. One of the titles the film present, which helped enliven the film industry is the film Ada Apa dengan Cinta (AADC). The film is a teenage love story by Rudi Soedjarwo success kicked off the Indonesia film market. The film background is about Rangga and Cinta with the spices of romance in adolescene, arguably the forerunner and most film best-selling in his time for the category of pop-teen film or teen platonic romance. Besides this film about important messages about and for women. This research tries to opened and analyzed messages about the identity politics of women presentedin the film. The authors tries to withdraw every plot and scene in the film.This film tells about womwn under patriarchal pressure and women who struggle to get out of that pressure. to get a guess and analyzing messages containing identity politics delivered. The result obtained in this research consist of case studies and anlyzes relating to identify politics film.Keywords: Identity politics, women, film analysis
Afectos y política en Mi colegio: una lucha agenciada desde el margen
Authors: Bota Miquel
Published: March 2020

Este artículo presenta una nueva lectura del texto autobiográfico de Luis Antonio de Villena, Mi colegio (2006). Propone revisar esta obra siguiendo las teorías de los afectos para destacar un contenido político subversivo que va más allá de la lectura memorialista. Además de la reivindicación de una víctima, defiende que el texto promueve una respuesta activa por parte de los lectores en contra de una visión patriarcal en la política y la sociedad españolas del momento.

 

This article approaches the auto-fictional piece Mi colegio (2006) by Luis Antonio de Villena under the precepts of the politics of affection developed by Brian Massumi.  Following the author’s revisit to his years as a high schooler at El Colegio del Pilar in Madrid in the sixties of the 20th century, Villena vindicates the need to destroy an idea of masculinity that forged in the Francoism of the economic stabilization and that has persisted until the 21st. Following Sianne Ngai’s ideas on Ugly Feelings I demonstrate that Villena’s project is an active one that demands a political commitment by the reader.
Los primeros títulos de Anagrama y Tusquets. Ensayo político, censura y cambio de rumbo
Authors: González Gómez Sofía
Published: March 2020

Las primeras publicaciones de los sellos barceloneses Anagrama y Tusquets nacieron al calor de un interés notable en España hacia el ensayo político. Su fundación coincide en el tiempo con los procesos de transición a la democracia, y por ello estos dos casos se presentan ilustrativos de los intereses tanto del mercado editorial como de la recepción del público lector en ese periodo histórico, en el que la censura era un agente de la industria de la cultura decisivo. Anagrama y Tusquets son editoriales fundamentalmente conocidas por sus títulos de narrativa, pero esa orientación literaria de sendos catálogos fue posterior, motivada por un fracaso en las ventas del ensayo, que obligó a sus editores, Jorge Herralde y Beatriz de Moura, a redefinir su identidad empresarial. Entre finales de los años 60 y principios de los 70, arco temporal en el que se enmarca este artículo, fueron dos empresarios culturales que contribuyeron a cierta ebullición del género ensayístico en el mercado editorial y a la publicación de obras traducidas hasta entonces inéditas en nuestro país.

 

The first publications of the Barcelona stamps Anagrama and Tusquets were born from the heat of a notable interest in Spain towards the political essay. Its foundation coincides in time with the processes of transition to democracy, and therefore these two cases are illustrative of the interests of both the publishing market and the reception of the reading public in that historical period, in which censorship was a decisive agent of the culture industry. Anagrama and Tusquets are publishers fundamentally known for their narrative titles, but that literary orientation of both catalogs was later, motivated by a failure in the sales of the essay, which forced its editors, Jorge Herralde and Beatriz de Moura, to redefine their identity. business. Between the end of the 60s and the beginning of the 70s, a time arc in which this article is framed, there were two cultural entrepreneurs who contributed to a certain ebullition of the essay genre in the publishing market and to the publication of translated works previously unpublished in Spain.
ORIGEN DE LA VENA PORTA: ESTUDIO ANATÓMICO
Authors: Mansilla Sofía , Mansilla Alejandra , Pouy Andrés , Garretano Alejandra , Cerchiari Emilia , Armand Ugón Gustavo
Published: March 2020

Introducción: la vena porta origina clásicamente de la confluencia de las venas mesentérica superior y tronco espleno mesentérico, conformado por las venas esplénica y mesentérica inferior. Su conformación y principales afluentes no escapa de presentar variaciones anatómicas, las cuales el cirujano debe conocer y anticipar, al momento del abordaje del macizo duodeno pancreático en vistas a evitar consecuencias catastróficas. El objetivo es el estudio de la conformación, dimensiones y disposición espacial de la vena porta en su origen, y sus principales afluentes. Materiales y método: se utilizaron 50 cadáveres formolados. Se registró origen de la vena porta, calibre de la misma y sus afluentes. ángulos de abocamiento y nivel vertebral de proyección. Resultados: se distinguieron tres tipos de origen. Se registró el tipo I en el 78% de los casos, tipo II en el 18% y tipo III en el 4%. Los calibres fueron: vena porta 16,12 mm, mesentérica superior 11,77 mm, esplénica 9,34 mm, mesentérica inferior 5,03 mm y tronco esplenomesaraico de 10,44 mm. Este último, alcanzó una longitud de 20,26 mm. Los ángulos fueron: ángulo porta - tronco esplenomesenterico 124,18°, ángulo mesentérica superior - tronco esplenomesenterico 101,92° y ángulo mesentérica inferior - esplénica 75,4°. En el 75% de los casos el nivel de proyección vertebral fue el tercio superior de L2. Conclusiones: El origen mas frecuente fue el clásicamente descrito. De sus variantes, es mas constante la reunión de la vena mesentérica superior con la vena esplénica, y mas variable la desembocadura de la vena mesentérica inferior.
USO DE IMÁGENES 3D DEL SISTEMA VENTRICULAR ENCEFALICO OBTENIDAS POR SISTEMA DE NEURONAVEGACIÓN EN LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA NEUROANATOMÍA EN EL PREGRADO. TRIDIMENSIONAL IMAGES OF THE VENTRICULAR SYSTEM OBTAINED IN A NEURONAVIGATOR SYSTEM AS A TOOL FOR NEUROAN
Authors: Martinez Benia Fernando , Estapé Carriquiry Gonzalo , Alho Eduardo J,L. , Fonoff Erich T.
Published: March 2020

Introducción: El sistema ventricular encefálico es muy complejo, y es especialmente difícil de comprender para los estudiantes de pregrado. Clásicamente, la anatomía ventricular puede enseñarse usando encéfalos cadavéricos, imágenes de tomografía o resonancia magnética. Presentamos nuestra experiencia con el uso de imágenes tridimensionales obtenidas mediante un sistema de neuronavegación. Material y métodos: Se obtuvieron imágenes de resonancia magnética de 3 pacientes. Las imágenes fueron introducidas en un sistema de neuronavegación y se reconstruyó específicamente el sistema ventricular encefálico y algunas estructuras gangliobasales. Posteriormente se solicitó la opinión de 38 estudiantes de pregrado que cursaban la materia neuroanatomía, sobre la utilidad de las imágenes en el estudio del sistema ventricular.Discusión: todas las imágenes obtenidas fueron de buena calidad, el 100% de los estudiantes manifestó que las imágenes eran muy útiles o esenciales para comprender cabalmente la anatomía ventricular. Conclusiones: el uso de imágenes obtenidas por un sistema de neuronavegación son útiles en la enseñanza de la anatomía del sistema ventricular encefálico.AIntroduction: Anatomy of cerebral ventricles is very complex. Classically, ventricular system anatomy has been taught employing cadaveric brains and CT or MRI images. We present 3D images of the ventricular system obtained by neuronavigation system and the results of its use in teaching anatomy of cerebral ventricles. Material and methods: Magnetic resonance images of three patients were obtained. These images were transferred to a neuronavigation system, and a 3D reconstruction of cerebral ventricles, were performed.  Afterwards, 38 undergraduate students were required to give their opinion about how useful the images are in order to study the cerebral ventricles. Results: One hundred percent of the students agreed that the images were very useful or even essential to utterly comprehend the ventricular anatomy. Discussion: As other authors, we think that 3D images are very useful as a complement for teaching anatomy of cerebral ventricles. Conclusions: Employment of 3D images obtained in a computer system are useful for teaching the encephalic ventricular system anatomy, as a complementary tool.
A NOVEL ANOMALY OF THE ANTERIOR DIGASTRIC MUSCLE. UNA ANOMALÍA NUEVA DEL MÚSCULO DIGÁSTRICO ANTERIOR
Authors: Hegeman Timothy W , Giannone James J , Balogun Rahmat A
Published: March 2020

Documentamos una anomalía del músculo digástrico anterior en un cadáver femenino de 85 años de edad. La anomalía consiste en cuatro vientres adicionales que salen entre los dos típicos digástricos anterior. Analizamos el significado embriológico y clínico de esta variante. El músculo digástrico es derivado de dos arcos branquiales o arcos faríngeos. El primer arco branquial forma el vientre anterior y el segundo forma el vientre posterior. Actuando juntos, los vientres ayudan a impulsar hacia abajo la mandíbula y a estabilizar el hioides. Varias anormalidades en el vientre anterior del digástrico han sido previamente descriptas en la literatura, pero ninguna ha replicado la formación precisa descripta aquí.  We document a novel anomaly of the anterior digastrics of an 85 year old female cadaver, consisting of four additional muscle bellies existing between the two typical anterior digastrics and go on to explain the embryologic and clinical significance of the variant. The digastric muscle is derived from two pharyngeal arches, the first pharyngeal arch forming the anterior belly and the second forming the posterior belly. Acting together, both bellies help to depress the mandible and stabilize the hyoid. Several abnormalities in the anterior belly of the digastric muscle have previously been described in the literature, but none have replicated the precise formation described here.
PERFORATION OF INFERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE BY MAXILLARY ARTERY. Perforation of inferior alveolar nerve by maxillary artery
Authors: Billakanti Prakash B
Published: March 2020

La fosa infratemporal es un área anatómica clínicamente importante para la administración de agentes anestésicos locales en odontología y cirugía maxilofacial. Fueron estudiadas variaciones en la anatomía del nervio alveolar inferior y la arteria maxilar en la disección infratemporal. Durante la disección rutinaria de la cabeza en el cadáver de un varón adulto, fue observada una variación excepcional en el origen del nervio alveolar inferior y su relación con las estructuras circundantes. El nervio alveolar inferior se originaba en el nervio mandibular por dos raíces y la primera parte de la arteria maxilar estaba incorporada entre ambas. El origen embriológico de esta variación y sus implicaciones clínicas es debatido. Dado que la arteria maxilar transcurría entre las dos raíces del nervio alveolar inferior, y el nervio estaba fijado entre el foramen oval y el foramen mandibular, el atrapamiento vásculo-nervioso pudo causar entume-cimiento o dolor de cabeza e interferir con la inyección de anestésicos locales en la fosa infratemporal.  Variaciones anatómicas en esta región deben ser tenidas en cuenta, especialmente en casos de tratamiento fallido de neuralgia del trigémino. Infratemporal fossa is clinically important anatomical area for the delivery of local anesthetic agents in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. Variations in the anatomy of the inferior alveolar nerve and maxillary artery were studied in infratemporal dissection. During routine dissection of the head in an adult male cadaver an unusual variation in the origin of the inferior alveolar nerve and its relationship with the surrounding structures was observed. The inferior alveolar nerve originated from the mandibular nerve by two roots and the first part of the maxillary artery was incorporated between them. An embryologic origin of this variation and its clinical implications is discussed. Because the maxillary artery runs between the two roots of the inferior alveolar nerve, and the nerve was fixed between the foramen ovale and mandibular foramen, neurovascular entrapment may cause pain numbness or headache and may interfere with the injection of local anesthetics into the infratemporal fossa. Anatomical variations in this region should be kept in mind, particularly in cases of failed treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.
UPDATE ON THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF ESTROGEN RECEPTORS. Actualización sobre el mecanismo de acción de los receptores estrogénicos
Authors: Millas Ieda , Liquidato Bianca M , Barros Mirna D
Published: March 2020

Los mecanismos de acción de los receptores estrogénicos (ER) han sido estudiados debido a sus importantes funciones en el crecimiento celular y la diferenciación de varios órganos y tejidos, relacionados o no con la reproducción. Como en otros procesos regulatorios, los mecanismos de ligados a receptor son cruciales para permitir la acción de los estrógenos que finalmente producirían efectos en el metabolismo celular. Aunque muy estudiados, los mecanismos de acción de los receptores estrogénicos no han sido completamente desentrañados. El presente estudio es una revisión de la literatura sobre el mecanismo de acción de ER ? y ER ? en el cuerpo humano. El conocimiento de la localización y concentraciones de ER en diferentes tejidos es esencial para determinar tratamientos específicos para diferentes patologías, tales como cáncer de mama. Más aún, en tejidos no reproductivos, tales como la mucosa de los cornetes nasales, la presencia de ER ? y ER ? podría explicar las variaciones en la actividad secretora acorde con la variación hormonal. También se consideran las acciones ER neuroproductivas y antinflamatorias en el sistema nervioso central al igual que su función de respuesta alérgica en el epitelio de la conjuntiva y podrían aplicarse a otros estudios referidos al diagnóstico, desarrollo de drogas y el tratamiento de diferentes enfermedades asociados a acciones hormonales. The action mechanisms of estrogen receptors (ER) have been studied due to their important functions in cellular growth and differentiation in several organs and tissues, either or not directly related to reproduction. As in other regulatory processes, the mechanisms of receptor ligand binding are crucial to enable the action of the estrogen hormone that will ultimately produce effects in the cellular metabolism. Although extensively studied, the mechanisms of action of estrogen receptors are not completely unraveled. The present study is a literature review on the mechanism of action of the ER ? and ER ? in the human body. The knowledge of the location and concentrations of the ER in different tissues is essential to determine specific treatments for different pathologies, such as breast cancer. Moreover, in nonreproductive tissues, such as the nasal conchae mucosa, the presence of ER ? and ER ? may explain the variations in secretory activity of the nasal mucosa according to hormonal variability. ER neuro-protective and anti-inflammatory actions in the central nervous system, as well as its allergic-response function in the epithelium of the conjunctiva are also considered and may apply to other studies concerning the diagnosis, drugs development and clinical treatments of different diseases, related to hormonal actions.
VARIANT POSITION OF THE GALLBLADDER ASSOCIATED WITH ABNORMAL PERITONEAL FOLD AROUND IT. Variantes en la posición de la vesícula biliar asociada con un pliegue peritoneal anormal a su alrededor
Authors: Pamidi Narendra , Rao Sirasanagandla Srinivasa , Nayak B Satheesha , Jetti Raghu
Published: March 2020

Los pliegues peritoneales anómalos alrededor de la vesícula biliar son muy raros y pocos fueron reportados en el pasado. La presencia de tales pliegues peritoneales son probablemente debidos a la extensión del mesenterio ventral que forma el omento menor. En el caso presente, reportamos un pliegue peritoneal anómalo suspendiendo la vesícula biliar desde la superficie inferior del hígado, a lo largo de la margen izquierda de la fosa para la vesícula biliar. Este pliegue, cuando se trazó cuidadosamente, se continuaba con el colon transverso, mesocolon transverso y también se encontró fusionado con la segunda porción del duodeno. La vesícula biliar con inusuales pliegues peritoneales tiene tendencia  a vólvulo, una rara enfermedad que exige la intervención quirúrgica inmediata. El conocimiento de la posibilidad de tal anomalía peritoneal alrededor de la vesícula biliar facilita la interpretación de los hallazgos de la imagen para el diagnostico apropiado.  Anomalous peritoneal folds around the gallbladder are very rare and a few were reported in the past. The presence of such peritoneal folds is probably due to extension of the ventral mesentery which forms the lesser omentum. In the present case we report anomalous peritoneal fold suspending the gall bladder from the undersurface of the liver, along the left margin of the fossa for gallbladder. This fold, when traced carefully, became continuous with transverse colon, transverse mesocolon and also found to be merged with the second part of duodenum. The gallbladder with unusual peritoneal folds has a tendency to volvulus, a rare surgical disease which demands the immediate surgical intervention. Awareness of the possibility of such peritoneal anomaly around gallbladder facilitates the interpretation of image findings for proper diagnosis.
IN THE GROSS ANATOMY LABORATORY: A REVIEW OF THE EMBRYOLOGY AND MOLECULAR GENETICS OF THE ABERRANT RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY. En el laboratorio de Anatomía macroscópica: Revisión de la embriología y genética molecular de la arteria subclavia derecha aberra
Authors: Chappell Todd M , Panchani Prakash N , Barksdale James , Astrin Kenneth H , DiLandro Anthony C , D'Antoni Anthony V
Published: March 2020

La disección del cadáver embalsamado de una mujer de 66-años por  los estudiantes de medicina de primer año de anatomía general, reveló la presencia de una arteria subclavia derecha aberrante (ASDA) de trayecto retroesofágico. La prevalencia de una ASDA en la población normal es del 0.2-2.0%. Se ha reportado que la ASDA tiene una asociación con varias deformidades congénitas, tales como el síndrome de Down, Kommerell divertículo, y varias otras anomalías. No es común asociar síntomas clínicos con la ASDA, sin embargo, el síntoma más común es la disfagia lusoria. Hemos descubierto que la ASD se originó desde la porción más distal del arco aórtico en una posición retroesofágica. Medidas pertinentes de las arterias se grabaron y un análisis para obtener información clínica, genética, y embriológica acerca de la ASDA se realizó. Como en la mayoría de los casos, el curso de la ASDA fue entre el esófago y la columna vertebral. Se ha demostrado que una región en el cromosoma humano 22 (22q11) está involucrada en el desarrollo normal de los vasos del arco aórtico. Este artículo ilustra cómo el descubrimiento de una variante a través de la disección da pie a estudiantes de medicina a aprender y repasar la literatura, sobre la embriología y la genética molecular, sobre anomalías del arco aórtico y sus correlaciones clínicas. Dissection of a 66-year-old female embalmed cadaver by medical students in a first-year gross anatomy course revealed the presence of an aberrant (retroesophageal) right subclavian artery (ARSA). The prevalence of an ARSA is between 0.2-2.0% in the normal population. ARSA has been reported to have an association with various congenital deformities, such as Down syndrome, Kommerell diverticulum, and various other anomalies. Clinical symptoms are usually not associated with ARSAs but when present, the most common symptom is dysphagia lusoria. We discovered that the RSA originated from the most distal portion of the aortic arch in a retroesophageal position. Relevant measurements of the vessel were recorded and a review was conducted to obtain clinical, genetic, and embryological information about the ARSA. As in the majority of cases, the course of the ARSA was between the esophagus and the vertebral column. A region on human chromosome 22 (22q11) has been shown to be involved in normal development of the aortic arch vessels. This paper illustrates how discovery of a variant via dissection prompted medical students to learn and review the literature of aortic arch anomalies and their clinical correlations.
CONCURRENT VARIATIONS IN THE FORMATION OF LATERAL CORD AND MEDIAN NERVE OF BRACHIAL PLEXUS. 208	Variaciones en la formación del cordón lateral y el nervio mediano del plexo braquial
Authors: Budhiraja Virendra , Rastogi Rakhi
Published: March 2020

El cordón lateral y el nervio mediano se asocian a variaciones. Observamos variaciones simultáneas en la formación del cordón lateral y nervio mediano en treinta y dos cadáveres fijados en formol. En 29,6% de extremidades superiores el cordón lateral se formó por la división anterior del tronco superior solamente. En el 21,8% de estos casos la división anterior del tronco medio formó dos raíces adicionales para el nervio mediano y en 7,8% de los casos la división anterior del tronco medio se unió con la raíz medial del nervio mediano. En el 14% de las extremidades superiores no se formó la parte superior del tronco y el cordón lateral se formó por la unión de la división anterior de las raíces C5, C6 y C7. En 6.2% de esos casos donde no se formó la parte superior del tronco, el nervio mediano recibió una raíz adicional del cordón lateral. Creemos que el conocimiento previo de estas variaciones anatómicas es de interés para el anatomista y médico por igual. Los cirujanos que realizan procedimientos que implican neoplasias o reparar traumatismos necesitan ser conscientes de estas variaciones. Lateral cord and median nerve are associated with variations. We observed concurrent variations in the formation of lateral cord and median nerve in thirty two formalin fixed cadavers. In 29.6% upper limbs Lateral cord was formed by anterior division of upper trunk only. In 21.8% of these cases the anterior division of middle trunk formed two additional roots for the median nerve and in 7.8% cases anterior division of middle trunk joined with medial root of median nerve. In 14% upper limbs the upper trunk was not formed and the lateral cord was formed by union of anterior division of C5, C6 and C7 roots. In 6.2% of such cases where upper trunk was not formed, the median nerve received an additional root from lateral cord. We believe that prior knowledge of such anatomical variations is of interest to the anatomist and clinician alike. Surgeons who perform procedures involving neoplasms or repairing trauma need to be aware of these variations.
COURSE OF THE MAXILLARY ARTERY THROUGH THE LOOP OF THE AURICULOTEMPORAL NERVE. Recorrido de la arteria maxilar a través del bucle del nervio aurículotemporal
Authors: Bhat Kavya , Madhyastha Sampath , R Balakrishnan
Published: March 2020

Las variaciones en el curso de la arteria maxilar se describen a menudo, con sus relaciones con el músculo pterigoideo lateral. En el presente caso informamos una variación exclusiva en el curso de la arteria maxilar que no fue publicada antes. En un cadáver masculino de 75 años arteria maxilar derecho estaba pasando por el bucle del nervio auriculo-temporal. La arteria meníngea media provenía de la arteria maxilar con un bucle del nervio auriculo-temporal. La arteria maxilar pasaba profunda con respecto al nervio dentario inferior pero superficial al nervio lingual. El conocimiento de estas variaciones es importante para el cirujano y también serviría para explicar la posible participación de estas variaciones en la etiología del dolor mandibular. Variations in the course of the maxillary artery are often described with its relations to the lateral pterygoid muscle. In the present case we report a unique variation in the course of the maxillary artery which was not reported before. In a 75 years old male cadaver the right maxillary artery passed through the loop of the auriculotemporal nerve. The middle meningeal artery was arising from the maxillary artery within the nerve loop of auriculotemporal nerve. Further the maxillary artery passed deep to the inferior alveolar nerve but superficial to the lingual nerve. The knowledge of these variations is important for surgeons and it would also explain the possible involvement of these variations in etiology of the craniomandibular pain.