bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Handover Schemes i n Wireless Networks Its Advancements a nd Trends
Authors:   Electronics and Communication, Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur, Punjab, India., Sharma* Shifali , Kumar Parveen ,   Associate Professor, Electronics and Communication Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur, Punjab, India, Suman Anita ,   Associate Professor, Electronics and Communication Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur, Punjab, India
Published: August 2020

Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) are widely employed networks. These networks bear the responsibility of providing services to customers. But, there are some complexities that occur because of changing the base stations of different regions. To sustain the stability of the services, handover is required to be placed in the network which transfers the request from initial access point or parent station to another. An important study has been conducted to attain better and effective communication results in HetNets. This review displayed a literature survey that recognizes the approaches utilized to execute a handover. Along with this, the whole procedure of HO is also given. This paper may help n analyzing different mechanisms in future research.
Quantum of Embodied Energy for Residential Buildings
Authors:   Masters in Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, JSPM’S Imperial College of Engineering and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Patil* Abhishek R , Shinde Suraj D ,   Masters in Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, JSPM’S Imperial College of Engineering and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Published: August 2020

Embodied energy(E.E) is the total amount of energy that is required in the production of a material which include all the processes, from the mining and processing of natural resources to manufacturing, transport and product delivery and this helps in choice of materials and construction methods, to maximize the energy efficiency of a building during its operation. The E.E. in products and energy conservancy are the ecological features included in eco-labelling schemes. Embodied energy in materials is a significant aspect in GB rating systems. This paper discusses the influence of different construction units on the E.E. of the structure.
Normalization of Inconsistent Neutrosophic Data in a Model View of Relational Database
Authors:   Assistant Professor in College of Engineering and Management Kolaghat, West Bengal, India., De* Soumitra , Mishra Dr.Jaydev ,   Assistant Professor in College of Engineering and Management Kolaghat, West Bengal, India.
Published: August 2020

Database of neutrosophic relational model simplify the relational classical database model by accepting inaccurate data in the neutrosophic form. Here, authors are focused on extensive view of different normalizing neutrosophic forms of classical relational model using neutrosophic set. Initially, in this work authors have introduced the concept of neutrosophic closure of attribute set and neutrosophic key which are essential to develop the normalization concepts of neutrosophic relational database. An algorithm has been developed by the authors for neutrosophic closure based on attributes .These attributes are used to locate the neutrosophic key easily. Then, we have used the  -nfd, partial  -nfd concepts and neutrosophic key as focused in [1] different forms of normalization for the database of neutrosophic relational. Finally, this neutrosophic normalization technique is demonstrated on some real life neutrosophic relation.
Prediction of Telecom Churn using Comparative Analysis of Three Classifiers of Artificial Neural Network
Authors:   Division of Business Administration, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Korea., Choi* Youngkeun , Choi Jae Won ,   Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at Dallas,Richardson, TX, USA,
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate existing individual neural network-based classifiers to compare performance measurements to improve the accuracy of deviance predictions. The data sets used in this white paper are related to communication deviance and are available to IBM Watson Analytics in the IBM community. This study uses three classifiers from ANN and a split validation operator from one data set to predict the departure of communications services. Apply different classification techniques to different classifiers to achieve the following accuracy with 75.63% for deep running, 77.63% for perceptron, and 77.95% for autoMLP. With a limited set of features, including the information of customer, this study compares ANN's classifiers to derive the best performance model. In particular, the study shows that telecom service companies with practical implications to manage potential departures and improve revenue.
Machine Learning to Calculate Trip Budget
Authors:   Bachelors in Information Technology, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, India., Sharma* Megha
Published: August 2020

Trip planning requires effort. Majority of which is consumed in balancing preferences of travel and stay; with budget. This effort can be minimized using budget estimator. Summing up the total costs to calculate budget is ideally correct. Practically, budget can differ from individual to individual based on their nature. Some prefer to spend more while some less. Machine Learning could help predict human nature using feedback mechanism. Taking feedback about total cost incurred and comparing it to actual estimate could give insight about user nature to the system. In this paper, we have built a budget estimator that considers user preferences and uses regression algorithm to compute costs. It later asks user to input the actual cost incurred, correcting its previous estimate and uses the updated entry to drive data to be more user-specific. The system gives percent classification of 84% and percent recognition of 72.27%.
Deep Submerged Image Enhancement and Restoration Process using CNN
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, R.M.D. Engineering College, Chennai-601206, Tamilnadu, India., Raveena* C. , Kalaivani R.Sri ,   Department of ECE, R.M.D. Engineering College, Chennai-601206, Tamilnadu, India., Yagna B. ,   Department of ECE, R.M.D. Engineering College, Chennai-601206, Tamilnadu, India., Rakshitha T.R. ,   Department of ECE, R.M.D. Engineering College, Chennai-601206, Tamilnadu, India
Published: August 2020

In oceanographic studies, underwater imagery plays a vital role. Underwater imaging has some of the advanced applications such as hand-held stereo-cam, fish-pond monitoring, etc. The major sources of quality degradation in most of the underwater imaging processes are scattering and absorption which occurs due to light assimilation. In this paper, we propose a two step-strategy in which the former is the enhancement process and latter is the restoration process. Our unavoidable selective and quantitative appraise uncover that our upgraded pictures and recordings have better accessibility in the dark locales, progressed global and local contrast and better edge sharpness. In order to get rid of image quality impairments, we follow a method which involves only a single image. The major advantage of this method is that it does not require a specialized image-capturing equipment. Moreover, our substantiation gives a better accuracy by deploying Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) algorithm.
Feasibility Analysis of Supercapacitor for L ightning Energy Conversion System
Authors:   Electrical and electronics engineering department, National institute of technology Mizoram, Aizawl, Mizoram, India., Jana* Suman , Biswas Pabitra Kumar ,   Electrical and electronics engineering department, National institute of technology Mizoram, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
Published: August 2020

Lightning is a very high voltage electrostatic emission consisting of highly charged electrostatic particles. However, limited literature is available in the field of the Lightning energy harvesting area due to the hazards involved and the intermittent nature of lightning. A lightning bolt does have convenient energy. Still, empirically, energy harnessing and storage is a difficult task due to confusion existed in the selection of impulse storage device. This paper presents a feasibility analysis of supercapacitors to store energy extracted from a high voltage surge. The analysis is performed by connecting the impulse generator as a source of the supercapacitor. Different loads are connected sequentially with the supercapacitor to assess the applicability of the proposed numerical model. The impulse generator is designed in the simulation model as a replica of the Tesla coil hardware constructed for the lightning energy conversion system. Lightning energy conversion system is an innovative system which can convert high voltage lightning in storable form. Also, a real-time pulse has been generated for the Seven level inverter by interfacing Atmel ATMEGA328P-PU microcontroller in the MATLAB environment. The computational model used in this paper produced 0.0027% to 0.7% SOC percentage of supercapacitor for single waveform and different loads. This paper may drive the lightning energy research towards a positive influence by its conceptual resolution.
Image Processing Concepts for Brain Tumor MRI Image Classification
Authors:   Assistant professor, Information Science and Engineering, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India., G.* Shruthi , A. Ayesha ,   Information Science and Engineering, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India.
Published: August 2020

The current generation is witnessing a radical change in technology with the rise of artificial intelligence. The application of artificial intelligence on different domain indicates the widespread involvement of this technology in the years to come. One such application is on medical image classification such as brain tumor classification. The process of medical image classification involves techniques from the image processing domain to process set of MRI image data in order to extract prominent feature that eases the classification process. The classifier model learns the MRI image data to predict the occurrence of the tumor cells. The objective of this paper is to provide knowledge pertaining to various approaches implemented in the field of machine learning applied to medical image classification as preparation of the MRI dataset to a standard form is the key for developing classifier model. the paper focus to analyses different types of preprocessing methods, image segmentation, and feature extraction methodologies and inscribes to points out the astute observation for each of techniques present in image processing methodologies. As predicting tumor cells is a challenging task because of its unpredictable shape. Hence emulating an appropriate methodology to improve the accuracy and efficiency is important as it aids in constructing a classifier model that can accelerate the process of prediction and classification for the brain tumor MRI imagery.
Analysis of Proportional Integral Controller and Fuzzy Logic Controller for Single Phase Induction Motor
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Aurangabad, India., Bhangale Mrs. Tejeshree J. , Shinde Dr. S M ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Aurangabad, India.
Published: August 2020

Nowadays problems are occurring due to power quality issues which causes major impression in power system. Most of the times problem is of harmonics in the supply system. It occurs due to Non-Linear Load and it could be rectified by using filters, controllers and artificial intelligence. In this paper, the Fuzzy logic controller is designed using Takagi- Sugeno fuzzy inference system to eliminate harmonics and uncertainty in the supply system thereby improving the response of whole system. The Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (SHEPWM) control scheme is used to generate the necessary pulses to eliminate the lower order harmonics. The results for both fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and PI Controller are compared, and the simulation is designed in MATLAB Simulink.
Primary User Protection Contour and No-Talk Zone Characterization for TV Whitespace Spectrum Reuse in Nigeria.
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Ubom Emmanuel , Idigo Victor ,   Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria., Ukommi Ubong ,   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
Published: August 2020

To encourage secondary spectrum access within the TV broadcast bands in Nigeria, the propagation properties of TV signals on the VHF and UHF frequency ranges were empirically studied through measurements carried from two TV stations. The Pathloss exponent for the VHF band was found to be 1.9 with a characterised Pathloss equation for VHF band computed as 𝑷𝑳 (𝒅𝑩)=𝟖𝟒.𝟎𝟒+𝟏𝟗.𝟎𝟑𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟏𝟎(𝒅), where (𝒅) is the distance from the transmitter to the receiver. The UHF band Pathloss exponent was computed to be 1.8 with a Pathloss equation characterised as 𝑷𝑳 (𝒅𝑩)=𝟓𝟕.𝟑𝟓+𝟏𝟕.𝟗𝟔𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟏𝟎(𝒅). The findings re-echoed the need for specific prediction model to accurately estimate the service coverage of TV stations and facilitate effective utilization of spatial TV white space as it was found that there were divergence in coverage prediction between the measured model and some of the conventional models. Using the protection view point, the protection contour in kilometers for TV signals propagating in the UHF band in Nigeria was characterized to be 𝒅𝒓𝒑= 𝟏𝟎[𝑷𝒕+𝟑𝟐.𝟔𝟓 𝟏𝟕.𝟗𝟔].. Where (𝒅𝒓𝒑) is the protection contour radius modeled as a function of the transmit power of the TV station in decibels with reference to one milliwatt (dBm) for co-channel and adjacent channel coverage. Similarly, the no-talk-zone in kilometers was characterized as a function of the transmit power of the secondary user device in dBm for co-channel usage to be 𝒅(𝒓𝒏−𝒓𝒑)=𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒍𝒐𝒈[𝑷𝒔−𝟖𝟗.𝟕𝟔𝟏𝟕.𝟗𝟔] modeled as a function of the secondary user transmit power 𝑷𝒔. The separation distance in kilometers from the TV station to the possible secondary user transmitter beyond which no interference exist was computed to have a relationship equal to 𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒍𝒐𝒈⟦𝑷𝒕+𝑷𝒔−𝟓𝟕.𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟕.𝟗𝟔⟧. This model will facilitate TVWS co-channel coexistence using the specified equation to determine the separation distances between television transmitters and secondary user transmitters.
Review of Techniques used to find the Possibility of Getting Heart Related Disease.
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, GNDU, Amritsar, Punjab, India., Singh Amandeep , Chhabra Amit ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, GNDU, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
Published: August 2020

As with the changing lifestyle and people consuming high calorie diet increases the heart disease rate among the humans. Over the last decade heart related diseases are one of the leading cause of death cases every year. It is very hard to notice the symptoms of any heart related disease at early stage and in many cases it leads to sudden death before ever knowing the first symptom of any heart related problem. With the advancement of technology there are many devices which are used to perform several tests in the medical field and with the emerging trend of Machine learning doctors can be aided to find symptoms of heart disease . There is huge amount of patients health data collected by healthcare institutes which can be used for data mining and infer relationship between data and helps in predicting heart diseases. The machine learning models trained on patients record data which shows symptoms is used to predict the probability for having a heart disease.
Seismic Response Analysis of RCC Frame Building using FREI
Authors:   M.E. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain (M.P.), India, Shrivastava* Anshul , Maru Dr. Savita ,   Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain (M.P.), India.
Published: August 2020

An analysis is given for the medium-rise building with fixed base and other with base isolation device. The device hereby used for base isolation is Fiber-reinforced Elastomeric Isolator (FREI). The Fiber-reinforced Elastomeric Isolator is an isolator which uses fiber fabric material instead of steel thin plates. The main purpose of using FREI is to analyze the seismic response of medium-rise RCC frame building. As in past many research work have been carried out for low-rise building. Therefore, in this paper (G+4), (G+6), (G+8) Storey building are taken for study and analysis has been demonstrated using commercial software ETABS v17. The design of Fiber Reinforced Elastomeric Isolators is broadly based on the guidelines of ASCE 7-10. The response spectrum analysis of different storey are based on Indian Design Standard. In addition to the design of FREI, a comparison between fixed based and base isolated RCC frame building has been carried out in the form of time period, displacement, drift at various load combination. The above parameter is taken to check whether it can withstand the loads and seismic forces without any failure.
A System and Method for Detection of Obstacles on Moving Vehicles on Either Side 3600
Authors:   Professor &Principal, Bapatla Women’s Engineering College, Bapatla, AP, India,, Jana Dr. Dipak Ranjan , SOWMYA TURAKA ,   Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, Bapatla Women’s Engineering College, Bapatla, AP, India, Priyanka M.Leela ,   Final Year Student, Department of ECE, Bapatla Women’s Engineering College, Bapatla, AP, India, Bhargavi N.V. ,   Final Year Student, Department of ECE, Bapatla Women’s Engineering College, Bapatla, AP, India, Sannihitha P. ,   Final Year Student, Department of ECE, Bapatla Women’s Engineering College, Bapatla, AP, India, Sandhya P. ,   Final Year Student, Department of ECE, Bapatla Women’s Engineering College, Bapatla, AP, India
Published: August 2020

This work provides information to determine the sudden hazardous living or non–living materials in front of vehicles on either side, i.e.180 degree across will indicate the drivers for stopping the vehicles automatically with ANDON and BUZZER. Then the vehicle will automatically turn on either side safely. For Sudden detection of obstacles, specifically waterfall at certain height, rock rolling down, landslides, earthquake, animals, abnormal things and tree fallen on the road 90 degree on either side. ANDON and BUZZER system is for visual indication along with voice monitoring for indication to front and back vehicles. Successful display of distance and identified object will be displayed in the LCD. The mainly used components for this project are the use of preventing and corrective action through ARDUINO MEGA, ULTRASONIC SENSORS, VIBRATION SENSOR SW-420 and LDR MODULE.
Content Based Image Retrieval: A Review
Authors:   Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India., Kaur* Ramandeep , Devendran Dr. V. ,   Professor, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
Published: August 2020

Image recovery was one of the most thrilling and vibrant fields of computer vision science. Content-based image retrieval systems (CBIR) are used to catalog, scan, download and access image databases automatically. Color & texture features are significant properties for content-based image recovery systems. The content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is therefore an attractive source of accurate and quick retrieval. Number of techniques has been established in recent years to improve the performance of CBIR. This paper discusses why CBIR is important nowadays along with the limitations and benefits. Apart from applications, various feature extraction techniques used in CBIR are also discussed.
Automatic Attendance Management System under Unconstrained Video using Face Recognition
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Information Technology, Manakula Vinayagar Institute of Technology, Puducherry, India., Meiappane Dr. A. , Giridharan  ,   Final Year, Department of Information Technology, Manakula Vinayagar Institute of Technology, Puducherry, India., Jayaram V. ,   Final Year, Department of Information Technology, Manakula Vinayagar Institute of Technology, Puducherry, India., Manikandan K. ,   Final Year, Department of Information Technology, Manakula Vinayagar Institute of Technology, Puducherry, India., Vishnu M. ,   Final Year, Department of Information Technology Manakula Vinayagar Institute of Technology, Puducherry, India.
Published: August 2020

Attendance Management System under unconstrained video using face recognition technology has made a great variation from the traditional method of attendance marking system. This attendance management system has been developed under the domain of Deep Learning by using Face recognition. Automatic Attendance Management under unconstrained video using face recognition systems which automatically mark attendance by detecting end to end face from the frames obtained from live stream video of surveillance camera which placed in center of the classroom. From the recognized faces, it will be compared with stored images in database, then the attendance report will be generated and it also provides attendance reports to parents of the absentee’s student.
Solution of Economic Load Dispatch problem using Conventional methods and Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors:   Department of EEE, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India., Karthikaikannan* Dr. D. , M Nikitha. ,   Department of EEE, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India., L Pratheksha Jerline. ,   Department of EEE, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India., T Aishwarya. ,   Department of EEE, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India.
Published: August 2020

Economic load dispatch is the method to find the optimum power output of the generators in a network cost-effectively with adherence to all the constraints. In this paper, the Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problem has been tested on IEEE 14 Bus System by implementing conventional methods like Classical Coordination method, Gradient method, Modified Coordination method, and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Conventional methodologies provide the solution in the simplest way but it does not handle the constraints effectively. Modified coordination method provides a better solution without the use of B-coefficients and the calculation of penalty factors is much easier because they can be obtained from the already available solution of FDLF involving some computations. PSO also provides a better solution but the initial design parameters are slightly difficult to determine. The performance of all the methods is compared and results reveal that the Modified coordination method proves to be the fastest among other solutions particularly if larger systems are involved.
An Analytical Study on Variants of LEACH Protocol
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Maharishi University of Information Technology Lucknow (UP), India., Singh* Rakesh Kumar , Bharti Dr Ajay Kumar ,   Professor, Department of Computer Science, Maharishi University of Information Technology Lucknow (UP), India.
Published: August 2020

There are many remote areas where traditional computer networks cannot render services due to unavailability of infrastructure. Among these infrastructure less networks, most popular choice for researchers are wireless sensor network in the modern era. Wireless Sensor networks perform the communication in remote areas where it is difficult to deploy the layout of network. Clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol is still a landmark as energy saving protocol for the researchers of wireless sensor network (WSN) even after 20 years of its existence. Since its inception, many modifications of LEACH protocol have been proposed. All the routing protocols have been divided into two categories namely single hop and multi hop scenarios. In this paper, we studied and surveyed various LEACH based routing protocols presented by researchers so far and discussed the advantages and functioning of them in comparison to LEACH protocol. The paper also discusses the merits and demerits of different successors of LEACH. In the end, paper concludes with future research directions in the Wireless sensor network area.
Simulation and Implementation of Single Phase Quasi Z-Source Series Resonance DC DC Converter for Photovoltaic Application
Authors:   Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, AISSMS IOIT, Pune, India., Bavage Laxmi Balappa
Published: August 2020

The paper presents quasi-Z source series resonant dc–dc converter with high performance for PV applications. Their multimode operation property features wide input voltage and load regulation range. Multimode operation achieved by pulse width modulation and phase shift modulation which gives boost and buck operating modes. Paper includes experimental setup which ensures 13volts ripple free output voltage.
Reactivity Index and Strength Development of High Strength Concrete with GGBFS Cement
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Brawijaya University, MT. Haryono 167, Malang, Indonesia., Dewi Prof. Sri Murni , Susanti Dr. Eng. Lilya ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Brawijaya University, MT. Haryono 167, Malang, Indonesia., Wijaya Dr. Eng. Ming Narto ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Brawijaya University, MT. Haryono 167, Malang, Indonesia.
Published: August 2020

The slag cement industry in Indonesia is growing in tandem with the smelter industry as a supplier of slag material. The use of slag cement instead of ordinary cement can reduce CO2 emissions. This research aimed to design the mixture composition of slag cement and ordinary cement for high-strength concrete. Standard concrete cylinders and concrete beams were tested to gain the compressive, tensile and flexural strength. The testing results indicate that generally, the concrete mixture compositions of low GGBFS (25%) gained their optimum strength at the age of 28 days while concrete with high composition of GGBFS (55%) achievedsimilar strength at the age of 90 days.A mixture using higher percentage replacement of GGBFS might attain its optimum strength at the longer ages. The use of Silica Fume (SF) in high-strength concrete mixtures with GGBFS found ineffective to increasethe concrete strength as the results indicate that concretes with SF have lower strength compared with non-SF concrete mixtures.
An Intrusion Detection System Techniques and Algorithms of Machine and Deep L earning
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai ,Tamil Nadu, India., S Kavitha , N Dr. Uma Maheswari ,   Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India., R Dr.Venkatesh ,   Professor, Department of Information Technology, PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: August 2020

Computer networks are vital component for today’s development of science and technology, due to the emergence of limitless communication pattern and exponential count of network devices cyber security become crucial for this world to secure the most valuable data or information which is more vulnerable for attack by the intruders. New pattern of intrusion and attacks are created in everyday manner by potential intruders and they should be identified by efficient Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs), also proper counter should be applied for. The paper surveys about the discussion of various machine /deep learning technology and algorithm related to Intrusion Detection System (IDSs) for the real time performance of the system. Finally the literature review investigated gives some open issues which will need to be considered for further research in the field of network security.
Effective Location of Shear Wall and Bracings for Multistoried Asymmetrical Building.
Authors:   PG Scholar Department of Civil Engineering, P.D.A College of Engineering, Kalaburagi (Karnataka), India., Moinuddin* Khaja , Kolhapure B K ,   Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, P. D. A College of Engineering, Kalaburagi (Karnataka), India.
Published: August 2020

Earthquake happens all around the globe and it is a natural calamity and can occur across the world. It affects the structure by producing tough ground signals. To overwhelmed the Earthquake there is establishment of Shear wall and Bracing to increase the crosswise stiffness, ductility of the structure. To plan a building storey drift and crosswise displacement are crucial. The building is analyzed by Linear static and Linear dynamic method by E-tab software. In present paper G+25 multistoried building is analyzed by insertion of Shear wall and bracing at Corners, End and central core of the structure. The responses like Displacement, Storey drift, Time period and Base shear is calculated and equated.
Critical Scrutiny of Page Replacement Algorithms: FIFO, Optimal and LRU
Authors:   MCA, Tezpur University, Assam, India., Medak* Jogamohan , Gogoi Partha Pratim ,   MCA, Tezpur University, Assam, India.
Published: August 2020

Virtual memory plays an important role in memory management of an operating system. A process or a set of processes may have a requirement of memory space that may exceed the capacity of main memory. This situation is addressed by virtual memory where a certain memory space in secondary memory is treated as primary memory, i.e., main memory is virtually extended to secondary memory. When a process requires a page, it first scans in primary memory. If it is found then, process continues to execute, otherwise a situation arises, called page fault, which is addressed by page replacement algorithms. This algorithms swaps out a page from main memory to secondary memory and replaced it with another page from secondary memory in addition to the fact that it should have minimum page faults so that considerable amount of I/O operations, required for swapping in/out of pages, can be reduced. Several algorithms for page replacement have been formulated to increase the efficiency of page replacement technique. In this paper, mainly three page replacement algorithms: FIFO, Optimal and LRU are discussed, their behavioural pattern is analysed with systematic approach and a comparative analysis of these algorithms is recorded with proper diagram.
The File System Recommendations to Reduce the Space and Time Parameters in Hadoop File Storage and Map Reduce Processing of Big Data Applications
Authors:   Research Scholar, Dept of Computer Science & Engineering, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India, Kumar. K Rama Naga Kiran , Babu. I Prof. Ramesh ,   Professor, Dept of Computer Science & Engineering, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Published: August 2020

The study of Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and Map Reduce (MR) are the key aspects of the Hadoop framework. The big data scenarios like Face Book (FB) data processing or the twitter analytics such as storing the tweets and processing the tweets is other scenario of big data which can depends on Hadoop framework to perform the storage and processing through which further analytics can be done. The point here is the usage of space and time in the processing of the above-mentioned huge amounts of the data definitely leads to higher amounts of space and time consumption of the Hadoop framework. The problem here is usage of huge amounts of the space and at the same time the processing time is also high which need to be reduced so as to get the fastest response from the framework. The attempt is important as all the other eco system tools also depends on HDFS and MR so as to perform the data storage and processing of the data and alternative architecture so as to improve the usage of the space and effective utilization of the resources so as to reduce the time requirements of the framework. The outcome of the work is faster data processing and less space utilization of the framework in the processing of MR along with other eco system tools like Hive, Flume, Sqoop and Pig Latin. The work is proposing an alternative framework of the HDFS and MR and the name we are assigning is Unified Space Allocation and Data Processing with Metadata based Distributed File System (USAMDFS).
Design of IRNSS Tracking System using 1.5 bit ADPLL and Correlator
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication, CBIT, Hyderabad, India., Udaya* M. , Sony D. ,   Department of Electronics and Communication, CBIT, Hyderabad, India., Reddy Dr. D. Krishna ,   Department of Electronics and Communication, CBIT, Hyderabad, India.
Published: August 2020

IRNSS is an indigenous satellite navigation system consisting of 7 satellites that provide accurate positioning in the Indian sub-continent region. Each IRNSS satellite transmits a signal which contains information regarding satellite orbital and clock parameters (known as navigation message). The purpose of the receiver is to demodulate the satellite signal and extract navigation message, the receiver must know certain parameters of the signal like its doppler shift and code offset. However, in real-time, due to relative velocity of the satellite and ionospheric interference, these parameters vary with time. Therefore, the receiver must continuously perform the tracking operation to update the varying parameters. Existing tracking systems are based on SDR and SoC’s, which require high-performance processors and iterative algorithms to perform both carrier and phase tracking. Though they are highly accurate, these designs are complex and expensive. In this paper, 1.5-bit ADPLL is used to track the carrier. This design does not require numerous computational loops to perform tracking of the carrier, thus reducing the complexity of the design. This work includes simulation results for 1.5-bit ADPLL. In this work, 2-bit, 1.5-bit, and modified 1.5-bit correlators are simulated and synthesized. It was found that modified 1.5-bit correlator architecture is less complex compared to 2-bit correlator and offers better SNR compared to 1.5-bit correlator. Therefore, modified 1.5-bit correlator is used for code tracking. The IRNSS signal tracking is performed in ModelSim. The system utilizes 77 standard LUTs and exhibit maximum settling time of 714μs and 31.28ms for carrier tracking and code tracking, respectively.
CMOS NAND Based Gate Drive r Card of IGBT for Fault Diagnosis in VSI
Authors:   department of electrical engineering, Shri Ramdeobaba College of engineering and management, Nagpur, India., Rangari* Sonali. C. , Shende Gunwanti. S. ,   department of electrical engineering, Shri Ramdeobaba College of engineering and management, Nagpur, India., Renge Mohan. M. ,   department of electrical engineering, Shri Ramdeobaba College of engineering and management, Nagpur, India.
Published: August 2020

In industrial application, over loading condition, short circuit is the dominant fault in the motor drives. There are many reasons for the fault but due to this insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) gets damaged which affect the whole system. Protecting IGBT and hence protecting motor drive system at fault condition is the crucial and insistent part of the protection. The short circuit and open circuit fault in an IGBT can be detected by several techniques. The paper presents an idea to deals with the short circuit fault such as fault under over load condition in the typical applications like winder machine. In this paper both the fault diagnosis and clearance of the fault are done. Fault diagnosis is based on the voltage between the collector and the emitter (VCE) of the IGBT which can be done by actual short circuit between these points in the simulation. Voltages of healthy and faulty condition are analyzed. In the fault clearance, CMOS-NAND based circuitry is used called EH10 card for inverter. It shows that this card has ability to detect the fault across the switch and give the signal to microcontroller for its clearance by making GATE signal of the IGBTs zero. This protection of Inverter using realization of CMOS-NAND based GATE driver card is verified using MATLAB simulation results.
Adaptable SVC Design Methodology for Power Quality Improvements in Steel Melting Shops
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Don Bosco Institute of Technology, Bengalore, India., E* Santosh , R Anguraja ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Don Bosco Institute of Technology, Bengalore, India.
Published: August 2020

In 2019, India was the second-largest steel producer with total crude steel production of 112.3 metric ton [12]. There were lots of development actions taken in the starting of 90’s to promote more investments on producing steel and making it a bigger industry supporting country’s economy. Even though large amount of produced steel is utilized within the country for infrastructure, automobile and other consumable industries, still India is the seventh-largest exporter of steel. Also, Steel industries are not new to India. The oldest was TISCO and it started its production in 1907. Being said that, we have come long way in technology and science that all the steel plants need to be modernized and adapted to become more efficient, economical and productive. This paper presents one of such technology that being developed in the modern engineering word to make it adaptable in the steel industries where – Efficiency, energy consumption, quality and production can be improved significantly.
Classification of Breast Cancer Histopathology Images using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors:   Department of Software Engineering, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India., K Kavya , Shetty Savita K. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India.
Published: August 2020

Machine Learning (ML), provides system the capacity to learn instinctively and allows systems to improve themselves with past experience and without being programmed specifically. In the field of Medical Science, ML plays important role. ML is being used to develop new practices in medical science which deals with huge patient data. Breast Cancer is a chronic disease commonly diagnosed in women. According to the survey by WHO, rank of breast cancer is at number one as compared to other cancers in female. BC has two kinds of tumour: Benign Tumour (BT), and Malignant Tumour (MT). BTs are treated as non-cancerous cells. MTs are treated as cancerous cells. The unidentified MTs in time stretch to other organs. Treatment procedure for BT and MT is different. So, it is salient to determine precisely whether a tumour is BT or MT. In this proposed model, Histopathology Images are used as dataset. These Histopathology images are pre-processed using Gaussian Blur and K-means Segmentation. The pre-processed data fed into feature extraction model. ML algorithms such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF) and Convolution Neural Network (CNN) are applied to extracted features. Performance of these algorithms is analysed using accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score. CNN gives the highest accuracy with 87%.
Selective Coordination and its impact on Low Voltage System Design & Arc Flas h
Authors:   Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, DBIT, Bangalore, India., S* Sriram , R Dr. Anguraja ,   Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, DBIT, Bangalore, India.
Published: August 2020

This paper focuses on total selective coordination of low voltage systems for critical facilities and based on reliability requirements. Critical facilities which include Data Centres, Health Care Facilities & Emergency Systems. It also discussed the importance of achieving total selective coordination and the impact on network design and how it is related to arc flash incident energy. It also states the National Electric Code requirements for the implementation of selective coordination based on system reliability requirements. The difficulties in achieving selectivity from Grid side and an inhouse generation side and the reliability benefits on critical facilities are discussed.
Optical Character Reader & Text To Speech Conversion using Correlations & Speech Synthesis
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication, University Institute of Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India., Rai* Dr. Avinash , Sonker Ms. Shivani ,   Department of Electronics and Communication, University Institute of Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Published: August 2020

In the modern era of image processing, recognizing content or information from an image is process of electronic conversion into machine encoded text. Advanced systems that are capable of producing high accuracy for multi-font recognition are now becoming commonplace, and with the support of digital consent formatting. Some programs are able to retrieve formats that are very close to the original page including images, columns, and other non-text items. Proposed system is able to recognize text from an image and convert it into editable text along with speech conversion. System uses Correlation model for OCR (Optical Character Recognition) and Speech Synthesis for TTS (Text To Speech) conversion. Correlation is a measurement of the similarities between two similar objects such as the predefined alphabets and recognizing a combination of those alphabets from an image. Speech synthesis is an artificial expression of human speech. The computer program that has been used this feature is called a speech computer as well as speech synthesizer that can be implemented on the basis of software or hardware primitives. The text-to-speech system (TTS) converts a standard language text into a speech; some programs provide figurative language presentations such as typed text in speech. System is capable enough to acquire high level of accuracy with less false recognition. It is required to built an effective text scanner that can recognize text from an image with less error rate. System has been implemented in MATLAB and various pre-processing filters have been applied for better enhancement and extraction. Hand written text can also be recognized with an effective manner.
3D PRINTING….. A PARADIGM SHIFT IN ENDODONTICS
Authors: Bansal Abhishek , kukreja Navneet , Trivedi Shivangi , Verma Jayant , Bansal Jyoti , Sukhija Urvashi , Chaudhary Devendra , Thakur Anamika
Published: August 2020

Abstract: The process of 3 Dimensional (3D) printing is used to create a 3D object with the help of a computer aided design (CAD) model, by successive addition of material layer by layer thus it is also known as additive manufacturing. During 1990’s, the technique of 3D printing was only applied for the manufacture of aesthetic or functional prototypes and was suitably named as rapid prototyping. The following descriptive review presents with an overview about contemporary 3D printing technologies and their use in various specialties of dentistry and largely focusing on the applications of this technology in the endodontics.
DIAGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF SALIVA
Authors: Devi Mutum Sangeeta , J Manju , B Rahul , Bhanushali Vasant M
Published: August 2020

As a non-invasive and safe source, saliva could be a blood replacement in disease diagnosis and prognosis. Saliva can manifest from minor infections to malignancies. It is easy for both patients and clinicians to collect saliva. This article describes the latest advances in saliva-related studies and future benefits in early detection of oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal disease, as well as other systemic disorders including malignancy. Specific guidelines and outcomes regarding the future are expected. Salivary diagnostics should be available, along with high-sensitivity and various systemic and oral disease specificity tests.
Inventariando a natureza na Bahia Atlântica Colonial: um olhar sobre as remessas naturais nos Anais da Biblioteca Nacional (1786-1807)
Authors: Pereira Rodrigo Osório
Published: August 2020

Este artigo objetiva estudar os registros das remessas de produções naturais da Capitania da Bahia para o mundo atlântico, especialmente a cidade de Lisboa. Tais remessas eram cuidadosamente registradas no dia a dia do Governo colonial e estão presentes no inventário dos documentos relativos ao Brasil existentes no Arquivo de Marinha e Ultramar, no período compreendido entre Fevereiro de 1786 a Agosto de 1807, que atualmente compõem os volumes 34, 36 e 37 dos Anais da Biblioteca Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. Analisando 18.373 documentos listados em ordem numérica com detalhada titulação e grande padronização, foi possível uma observação serial dos temas, sujeitos, instituições e datas envoltos nos documentos de remessas. Após a análise, organizamos um guia específico para as fontes que faziam referência ou a remessas ou a informações acerca de qualquer produção natural inseridas entre os três Reinos da natureza. Além disso, organizamos um guia adicional de fontes relativo às “Memórias”, relatórios quase sempre elaborados à luz da Filosofia Natural e destinados aos circuitos letrados ou aos produtores coloniais. O recorte temporal adotado, que coincide com os três volumes indicados (34, 36 e 37) baseia-se em estudo maior que identifica este período (1786-1808) como um intervalo estratégico para a observação de políticas naturais no universo colonial lastreado pela Filosofia Natural, campo científico que balizava naturalistas e agentes públicos do Real serviço a se ocuparem das remessas naturais.
We Learn Better Road Pothole Detection: from Attention Aggregation to Adversarial Domain Adaptation
Authors: Fan Rui , Wang Hengli , Bocus Junaid , Liu Ming
Published: August 2020

Manual visual inspection, typically performed by certified inspectors, is still the main form of road pothole detection. This process is, however, not only tedious, time-consuming and costly, but also dangerous for the inspectors. Furthermore, the road pothole detection results are always subjective, because they depend entirely on the inspector's experience. In this paper, we first introduce a disparity (or inverse depth) image processing module, named quasi inverse perspective transformation (QIPT), which can make the damaged road areas become highly distinguishable. Then, we propose a novel attention aggregation (AA) framework, which can improve the semantic segmentation networks for better road pothole detection, by taking the advantages of different types of attention modules. Moreover, we develop a novel training set augmentation technique based on adversarial domain adaptation, where synthetic road RGB images and transformed road disparity (or inverse depth) images are generated to enhance the training of semantic segmentation networks.

The experimental results illustrate that, firstly, the disparity (or inverse depth) images transformed by our QIPT module become more informative; secondly, the adversarial domain adaptation can not only significantly improve the performance of the state-of-the-art semantic segmentation networks, but also accelerate their convergence. In addition, AA-UNet and AA-RTFNet, our best performing implementations, respectively outperform all other state-of-the-art single-modal and data-fusion networks for road pothole detection.