bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Models of Success, Teacher Quality and Student Disciplinary Infraction: A Critical Analysis of Chicago’s Urban Preparatory Academies and Harlem Children’s Zone
Authors: Williams, III John A. , Wiggan Greg
Published: August 2016

School discipline disparities in U.S. education is accompanied by a litany of literature that focuses on African Americans in low-performing urban schools (Civil Right Project, 2000; Losen, 2011; Mendez & Knoff, 2003; Skiba, Michael, Nardo & Peterson, 2002; Wilson, 2014). Public K-12 institutions in the U.S. report that African Americans are suspended at three-times the rate of White students (23% for African Americans as compared to 7% for Whites). Furthermore, the most recent Civil Rights Discipline Collection report (Office of Civil Rights, 2014) indicates that students who receive one suspension have a much greater chance of being suspended multiple times, ultimately leading to expulsion and or involvement in the juvenile justice system (Allen & White-Smith, 2014; Gregory, 1995; Office of Civil Rights, 2014; Pane & Rocco, 2014). A significant amount of research focuses on public education institutions’ dismal outcomes in this area (Skiba et al., 2002; Office of Civil Rights, 2014; Wilson, 2014), without examining charter schools to determine if discipline disparities are endemic in them as well. This study examined two urban, high achieving charter schools. Urban Preparatory Academies in Chicago and Harlem Children’s Zone in New York. The school characteristics are assessed through critical race theory to better understand the relationship between teacher quality and student discipline. The findings of the study indicate that while both schools had similar student demographics, lower rates of discipline infractions were reported in the individual campuses that employed a higher number of qualified teachers. These findings have implications for teacher preparation and urban education.
Creating, Practicing, and Researching a Global Faith: Conceptualizations of World Christianity in the American Protestant Pastorate and Seminary Classroom, 1893 to the Present
Authors: Strasburg James
Published: August 2016

This article investigates how North American Protestants conceptualized and studied “world Christianity” from the turn of the twentieth century onward. It examines references to world Christianity in historic newspapers and scholarly books and surveys how North American Protestant conceptualizations of world Christianity translated into curriculum and professorship changes at three flagship Protestant seminaries: Union Theological Seminary, Princeton Theological Seminary, and Boston University’s School of Theology. It argues that world Christianity developed in the American Protestant pastorate and seminary classroom in relationship to three phenomena: world evangelization, worldwide ecumenism, and indigenization. During these three stages, American Protestants utilized “world Christianity” to describe their changing relationship to foreign mission and non-Western Christianity, particularly in light of shifting theological commitments at home and historical developments abroad. With each development, world Christianity transitioned from being a concept with America at its center to one reflecting a multipolar, global Christian faith.
“I Perceive that in Every Way You Are Very Religious” (Acts 17:22): Naga Spirituality and Baptist Mission
Authors: Pongen Sashinungla
Published: August 2016

Since the second half of the twentieth century, the tension between Western Christian missions and colonialism has been popularly addressed. This eventually led to the assertion that native peoples are passive recipients of the gospel and that Christianization remains a destructive intrusion into native cultures. This article argues for an alternative interpretation by taking the example of early Naga Christianity in Nagaland, India. It closely observes the traditional Naga religious worldview and spirituality and the Baptist articulation of the gospel, which respects and depends upon believers’ baptism. Various aspects of the religious awareness of the Nagas’ indigenous theology are highlighted, along with the Baptist mission and Naga Baptist conversion experience in light of Christian mass conversion stories.
From a Confucian Literati to a Military General: Li Hung Chang’s Views of Western Technology (1885-1896)
Authors: Wang Haixia
Published: August 2016

This paper focuses on Li Hung Chang (1823-1901)’s visit to England and America in 1896, to rethink and revaluate the importat role Li played at that historical time. Li Hung Chang toured Europe and America in 1896 as an imperial envoy of the first rank. Although some aspects of Li’s career and evaluation have been given monographic treatment, there is yet little study on his comments on his attitudes toward Western science and technology. This paper augues that if modernization is a matter of modern state power as an army, navy, or diplomatic corps, then Li was certainly a modernizer. But if modernization is a deeper process of organizational and institutional change, Li was not a determined modernizer. In fact, Li relied heavily on patronage even when he could exercise legitimate political power, in order to adovocate Self-Strengthening Movement.
Cultural Challenges Facing Turkey’s Membership in the European Union
Authors: Jansiz Ahmad , Sadeghi Saeed , Mirzaei Jalal , Tarin Mustafa
Published: August 2016

Turkey is one of the first countries asking for membership in the European Union but has not been able to achieve this goal. Even today the prospect of its membership is vague. Turkey hopes to join the EU in its 100th anniversary of independence in 2023 and has set its strategies and policies in line with this goal. It is an Islamic country which might challenge the relatively homogeneous culture of the EU. Some European countries consider the EU a community with a homogeneous cultural, social and political principles and values and regard the orientalist policy of Turkey as an evidence for its heterogeneity with the values existing in the European societies. The present article attempts to investigate the cultural and social barriers as the main obstacle to Turkey’s membership in the EU. Erdogan also believes that cultural problems are the most important obstacle to his country’s presence in the EU. Turkey has only three alternatives if it cannot become an EU member: active involvement, becoming a bridge between East and West, and being an ordinary neighbor to Europe. If Turkey becomes a member of the EU, it can play an important and influential role in the union as the only Islamic member. The present article uses constructivism as its theoretical background and takes it for granted that Turkey faces serious challenges in its path to membership in the EU due to cultural and identity problems.
Uncertain Environment and Organizational Performance: The Mediating Role of Organizational Innovation
Authors: Haque Misbah , Ali Imran
Published: August 2016

Purpose: How to survive in dynamic and uncertain business environment?, is one of the biggest challenge for corporations today. To answer this question, current study examines the role of organizational innovation for improving performance in today’s competitive, dynamic and uncertain business environment.

Design: The study used structured closed-ended survey questionnaire and data is collected through self-administered technique to increase the response rate. The unit of analysis is the employees working in cellular industry in Pakistan. The analysis techniques includes, validity analysis through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) reliability analysis through Cronbach alpha, correlation analysis, hypotheses testing utilizing structure equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS software whereas, mediation through method of Baron and Kenny (1986).

Findings: Results show that organizational innovation plays the mediating role between uncertain environment and organizational performance.

Practical implications: The study proposes that organizational innovation is inevitable for maintaining organizational performance in uncertain business environment particularly in dynamic industries.

Originality: The current study proposed and tested an important conceptual model that explains the mediating role of organizational innovation to enhance the organizational performance in uncertain business environment.
Are Competitive Positioning and Quality of Administration Related to the Continuity?
Authors: Senff Carlos Otávio , Kudlawicz-Franco Claudineia , Marceda Bach Tatiana , Padilha Luana Marine , Da Veiga Claudimar Pereira , Duclós Luiz Carlos
Published: August 2016

The objective of this article is analyse the relation of competitive positioning and quality of administration about the continuity of companies bound to Federação das Associações Empresariais de Santa Catarina (Santa Catarina Federation Business Association), Brazil. In this context, aiming to get the best data reliability to be analysed, it was applied a questionnaire to 173 companies. For identifying the competitive positioning it was used the Porter’s typology (1986) and for quality of administration perceived, it was used a scale developed by Gimenez et al. (2011). The companies were analysed in three moments: firstly with all involved, then the companies with more than 10 years of existence and, by the end, only with the companies with more than 20 years of existence. The data were analysed by means of factor analyses to verify the relation between positioning and quality of administration with the continuity. The results show that the competitive positioning did not present relation to the continuity, only the quality of administration, represented by environmental monitoring, presented a significant and positive relation to the continuity.
A Study of the Status and Marketing Strategies for Qingdao Shibei Fitness Clubs
Authors: Wang Mingxia
Published: August 2016

As the rapid development of domestic economy, the new situation springs up like mushrooms in Qingdao fitness market, the study takes the most representative 10 fitness clubs as the main objects, relying on interview methods, questionnaire ways etc. to analyze the problems of product services and managements, price positions, the siting of the fitness clubs, marketing tools and other factors. We deeply discussed the existing problems of the currentQingdaocommercial fitness clubs markets, and presented more reasonable marketing strategies in order to promote the development ofQingdaofitness clubs.
Level and Profile of Internalizing Behaviours Problem among Preschool Children: Evidence from Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Nor Fairani , Mansor Mariani , Madon Zainal , Samah Asnarulkhadi Abu , Zeehan Farah
Published: August 2016

Internalizing problems such as depression and anxiety disorders were prevalent in early childhood and these problems could lead to increasingly poor outcomes during school age then later in adult life. The main objectives of this paper were to examine the distribution and identify the level of internalizing behaviours problem among preschool children in Malaysia. Also, to come out with a profile of the children who were in the borderline and clinical status of internalizing problems. A total of 551 (46%) out of 1198 children age four and below were conveniently selected for this study that consist of those who were in the borderline and clinical range of having internalizing problems as rated by parents using the Child Behavioural Checklist for Age 1 ½-5 (CBCL/1 ½ –5). Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA and correlation tests were applied in data analysis. Results revealed that level of internalizing problems among preschool children in Malaysia was high whereby 338 in clinical and 213 in borderline which represent about 28% and 18% of the total study samples respectively. Overall, female children with the age 3 years old, first born with 2 siblings and live with both parents were the most having internalizing problems. Most of these children had parents in the 30s age range and majority had secondary higher education background. Findings from this study provide evidences that early detection and intervention is crucially needed to prevent continuity of internalizing problems into school age and later to adulthood.
Analysing Social Relevance of Spatial Organisation: A Case Study of Traditional Pol Houses, Ahmedabad, India
Authors: Lambe Neeta Rajesh , Dongre Alpana Rajendra
Published: August 2016

The spatial orgnisation of the domestic spaces is the manifestation of regional context. The differences in organisational quality of space reveal varied social structures. The paper aims at analysing the relationship of the prevailing social structure and the space organisation. This paper examines domestic spatial arrangements of the traditional Pol houses of Ahmedabad, India. In this paper, space syntax theory is used to examine the spatial morphology of the houses to map visibility, permeability, visual fields and movement pattern. Traditional Pol houses are distinctive in its character and generic in nature. The houses are evolved over the period of 400-500 years. After a sample of house layouts is analysed morphologically, the relationship of spatial organisation and social behavior is determined. Analysis results show that the traditional house layouts are evolved as per social conditions and offer better social interaction in present context. Hierarchy of spaces demarcates public to the private realm of the house. The flexible activity pattern makes the house more adaptable to the changing social conditions. The analysis will be valuable in the design process to safeguard the social fabric of the community.
Research on Grass Cloth Art Embroidery of Characteristics and Handmade
Authors: Liao Jiangbo , Ren Chunguang , Yang Xiaoming
Published: August 2016

Grass cloth is made of ramie fiber. Grass cloth art embroidery is based on the evolution of folk Ma embroidery in China. The paper through trace Chinese ramie and Ma embroidery of the history, show the origin of grass cloth art embroidery. By visited Yuzhou grass cloth embroidery workshop in Jiangxi province, reveal the key technology about grass cloth art embroidery of handmade, sum up grass cloth art embroidery of characteristics. Research shows that grass cloth art embroidery used grass cloth as embroidered bottom to integrate calligraphy and painting of theme, turn to the artistic decoration of style. However, grass cloth art embroidery fine works mainly by copying the ancients paintings, so that lack creativity. Inheritance and development of grass cloth embroidery, it needs to develop their own original works.
Off-campus Entrepreneurship Tutorial System in China
Authors: Wen Lixia
Published: August 2016

Nowadays, with the reform of undergraduate teaching constantly goes deeper, it is the wave of future to think and explore a newly efficient way to cultivate innovative talents for adapting the higher education development in China. From the perspective of the Oxford Tutorial, the paper indicates the perfection of Off-campus Entrepreneurship Tutorial System and presents the proper strategies from five aspects, in combination of entrepreneurial education of Chinese undergraduates. Furthermore, the strategies can be helpful in training talents and for sustainable higher education development. The paper tries to make the tutorial system play a more important role in training the innovative talents meeting all requirements needed of society.
Ian McEwan’s Atonement: A Virilian Reading
Authors: Rohani Yalda , Pirnajmuddin Hossein , Akhavan Behnoush
Published: August 2016

Paul Virilio is the theorist of speed or “dromology”. In his terminology acceleration is relevant to time and space. Virtualization is also another seminal concept in his theory which is of course essentially related to his conception of time-space. In this essay, we argue that human perception as pertaining to speed-space and light-space as well as the different versions of reality arising out of different ways of body positioning is one of the major themes of Ian McEwan’s Atonement (2001). In McEwan’s novel both architecture and art mislead Briony. Paradoxically, however, Briony also attempts to overcome her trauma through the art of writing in which several versions of reality emerge out of shattered images of the past. The novel foregrounds issues of art, perception, time-space, speed and their interrelations and as such a Virilian reading would be most relevant.

1-2017 (Print)   ISSN 1911-2025 (Online)    Email: ass@ccsenet.org 

Copyright © Canadian Center of Science and Education 

To make sure that you can receive messages from us, please add the 'ccsenet.org' domain to your e-mail 'safe list'. If you do not receive e-mail in your 'inbox', check your 'bulk mail' or 'junk mail' folders. and lawfulness compared to district 3. In addition, t-test results showed that the aspect of effectiveness has the best condition with a mean of 3.21 and the aspect of participation has an unfavorable condition compared to other aspects with a mean of 2.58.

 
Fertility, Union Wage Setting and Social Security System
Authors: Wang Leran
Published: August 2016

This study analyzes how a social security system composed of a public pension, child allowances, and unemployment insurance affects endogenous fertility and unemployment when the wage level is endogenously set by monopolistic trade unions in an overlapping generations model. The analysis reveals, first, that increased pension tax rates lead to a higher fertility rate when wages are higher but a lower rate when wages are lower. Second, an increased child allowances tax rates lead to an increased fertility rate when wages are lower but a decreased rate when wages are higher. Therefore, both social security and wage setting should be considered in order to improve fertility and reduce unemployment.
Valuation of Economic Utilization of Fish Processing Waste Patin (Pangasius Hypopthalmus) as an Added Value for Fish Processing Industry Players in the District Kampar, Riau
Authors: - Marnis , - Syahrul , - Fitri , - Mardayulis
Published: August 2016

At this time there is no productive enterprise specializing in the utilization of solid waste from the processing of catfish into industrial raw materials of food and fish feed. Chances are this is due to the unavailability of data and information adequate technical and economical. In order to meet the needs that the research was conducted. This study aimed to analyze the economic valuation of the utilization of industrial solid waste processing of catfish, the raw material of functional food and feed that meet the quality standards in accordance with the National Standards Indonnesia (SNI) as well as to determine on whether viable or not the establishment of the business of processing food and feed of waste solid results catfish processing household or industrial scale. This research was a laboratory scale experiments using technology that has undergone several modifications. The results showed that the technology is able to produce industrial raw materials in the form of Fish Protein Concentrate (KPI), fish oil, bone powder and pyloric caeca crude enzyme in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard. Judging from the environmental impact assessment and business analysis (Gross Benefit Cost Ratio = 1.15> 1), amounting to 2,607 Profitabilty Ratio> 1, and an IRR of 65.91> 18%, then the utilization of solid waste business establishment catfish processing household scale feasible.
Empirical Analysis of “Volatilitysurprise” between Dollar Exchange Rate and CRB Commodity Future Markets
Authors: Wei Ching-Chun
Published: August 2016

This paper used the five multivariate GARCH models (including BEKK, CCC, DCC, VARMA-CCC and VARMA-DCC) to analyze the mean and volatility interaction of volatility surprise between US dollar exchange and CRB future index (including agricultural, energy, commodity and precious metal equity index). The empirical findings exhibit that significant own short and long-term persistence effects and the cross-markets volatility surprise spillover short and long-term persistence effects between dollar exchange rate and CRB commodity future equity index markets in five multivariate GARCH models. Besides that, the residual diagnostic test indicated that VARMA-DCC models is the best suitable model to modeling the dollar exchange rate with CRB commodity equity index.
Money Management by Practitioners: A Saudi Arabian View
Authors: Alramady Ibrahim , Arize Augustine C. , Kasibhatla Krishna M. , Malindretos John , Scoullis Moschos
Published: August 2016

This paper examines the practitioners of money management in Saudi Arabia about their fundamental and technical analysis and its indicators and how it contributes to improving their investment decisions. Additionally, this paper testes the effects of industry forces, such as demographics and psychographics, on stocks choosing process. Moreover, money managers are asked about the method they use to deal with the discount rate, cost of equity, to discount cash flows to present values through CAPM/APT models. Also, this papers examines the practitioners of money management in Saudi Arabia about an indicator called purity, which is an indicator used in countries that proponents and support Shariah-compliant commerce, such as Saudi Arabia.
The Impact of Compliance with Codes of Corporate Governance on Quality of Disclosure: Comparative Study between Palestine and Jordan
Authors: Abdelkarim Naser - , Abusharbeh Mohammed T.
Published: August 2016

This study seeks to achieve two objectives; (1) to examine the degree of compliance with corporate governance requirements in Palestine and Jordan by listed firms, and (2) to investigate the impact of corporate governance on quality of disclosure for Palestinian and Jordanian listed firms. A sample of 15 Palestinian listed companies and 30 Jordanian listed companies that fully disclosed their financial data in year 2007 and 2014 was used. This research employs multiple regression model and one sample t-test in order to analyze data variables and to test the research hypotheses.The research reveals that there are no statistically significant differences between Jordan and Palestinian listed firms in applying the respective codes of corporate governance, but these two countries are relatively still modest in observing corporate governance rules. This study also concludes that boards of director’s characteristics have no significant impact on quality of disclosure in Palestine and Jordan. This indicates that corporate governance practices didn’t have any significant effect on quality of disclosurefor Palestinian and Jordanian listed firms.
Relating Company Size and Financial Performance in Agricultural Firms Listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya
Authors: Odalo Samuel Kanga , Achoki George , Njuguna Amos
Published: August 2016

Company/firm size is among the many variables that is significant in assessing the profitability of a company. Therefore, this paper seeks to evaluate the effect of company size on the financial performance of listed agricultural companies in Kenya. The theory of economies of scale that links benefits arising from company size, cost management and production volumes was utilized. Secondary data was extracted from the annual reports comprising of financial statement from the period 2003 to 2013 and analyzed using a pooled OLS model. Company size was measured using the total assets (Log of assets) while financial performance was measured by return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and earnings per share (EPS). The regression results present the goodness of fit for the regression between log total asset and ROA, ROE and EPS as 0.112, 0.113 and 0.074 respectively. The overall model of ROA, ROE and EPS was significant with F statistic of 9.334, 11.096 and 5.901 respectively. The relationship between log total asset and financial performance measures was positive and significant for ROA (b1= 0.033, p value, 0.003) and ROE (b1= 0.049, p value, 0.001) and. EPS (b1= 3.866, p value, 0.018). These results indicate that company size as measured by total assets affects financial performance of agricultural companies listed in NSE positively and significantly. Company size had positive and statistical significance on all the three indicators of the financial performance disclosing that large companies were found to have a competitive advantage over small firms.
The Risk Management of Commercial Banks——Credit-Risk Assessment of Enterprises
Authors: Luo Na , Yang Jiayi , Zhu Yuanfeng , Zhang Yu
Published: August 2016

With the diversified developments of the financial market, commercial banks are confronted with various risks, among which the credit risk is the core, and thus the assessment of enterprises’ credit risks is especially important in the credit process of the commercial banks. Based on the relevant researches about commercial banks’ credit risk management, the paper carries out a deep analysis on the factors that may affect the credit risk assessment and then establishes a relatively comprehensive credit risk assessment system. In this paper, we apply our risk assessment model, which is established on the basis of GRNN neural network model, to make an empirical analysis with the selected sample data. And the results suggest that the hit rates of identifying high quality enterprises and low quality enterprises are 92.16 percent and 93.75 percent, respectively, indicating that the model has realized a good prediction.
Structural Modeling on the Relationship between Basic Psychological Needs, Academic Engagement, and Test Anxiety
Authors: Maralani Farnaz Mehdipour , Lavasani Masoud Gholamali , Hejazi Elahe
Published: August 2016

Some of the key issues in educational psychology are the way of students’ engagement at school, controlling anxiety, and academic achievement. In line with that, the purpose of the present study is to determine the relationship between variables that are basic psychological needs, academic engagement, and test anxiety with regard to structural equation modeling. Therefore, the cluster sampling of 289 female students of Hamedan province was carried out in some phases. Also, the participants were supposed to fill some questionnaires on aspects of academic engagement (Reeve & Tseng, 2011), basic psychological needs (La Guardia, 2000), and Ahwaz inventory test anxiety (2002). The results of structural equation modeling show that exogenous variable of basic psychological needs effects directly positive and significantly on academic engagement; also, effects directly negative and meaningfully on test anxiety. However, the indirect effect on test anxiety because of academic engagement is not significant. The justification is that the relationship between academic engagement and test anxiety is not meaningful. According to findings, basic psychological needs can be highlighted as the most important factor so as to increase academic engagement of students, and decrease their test anxiety.
Extremism in the Islamic Country and Its Relationship with the International Policy
Authors: Taha Mohammed Sabbar , Mahmood Abdull Rahman , Awang Jaffary , Ismail Ahmad Munawar , Sleibi Mohammed Abdulhameed
Published: August 2016

Extremism is one of themes that do not comply with all the established beliefs and healthy ideas because man is naturally built on moderation, and not extremism or militancy. The human communities are constituted throughout cooperation to keep the sustainability of life. The extremism happening today, particularly in Islamic countries, is only a result of internal reasons within Muslim societies, and the relationship of the dominant international policies on the capabilities of the peoples. In turn, this led to stick extremism to the Islamic approach and religion, because of the docility of some ignorant people of what is being plotted by those countries' policies and the shortening of some leaders of this matter in general. The present study has used the descriptive analytical approach to these issues. It concludes that there are negative reasons within Islamic countries, such as ignorance, economic and social aspects, Internet channels, some scientists' shortage in the preaching side, and the major role of the international politics in fomenting and supporting extremism in these countries. This role is represented in the unlawful interference, military support, and law legislation which are not suitable with the provisions of the Islamic religion that rejects all kinds of extremism through its legislation used from generation to generation.
Dipole Moment and Electronic Structure Calculations of the Electronic States of the Molecule SiC below 97000cm-1
Authors: Hamdan Karam , Younes Ghassan , Korek Mahmoud
Published: August 2016

Beside its importance in the astrophysics, the silicon carbide has a great importance in the industry of semiconductors and ceramics. Because of the absence of theoretical data, extensive ab initio calculations of dipole moment and higher excited electronic state have been done for this molecule. These calculations have been performed by using the Complete Active Space Self Consistent Field (CASSCF) with Multireference Configuration Interaction MRCI+Q (singly and doubly excitation with Davidson corrections). The potential energy and the dipole moment curves for the 47 low-lying singlet, triplet and quintet electronic states in the representation 2s+1Λ(+/-) of the molecule SiC have been calculated. The harmonic frequency we, the internuclear distance Re, the electronic energy with respect to the ground state Te, the rotational constants Be and the permanent dipole moment have been obtained for these electronic states. The comparison between the values of the present work and those available in the literature, for several electronic states, shows a good agreement. In the present work thirteen new electronic states have been investigated here for the first time. These new results may leads to more investigation of new experimental works on this molecule.
Organisatiestructuren van jihadistische netwerken in Nederland
Authors: de Bie Jasper , de Poot Christianne
Published: August 2016

Organizational structures of jihadist networks in the Netherlands. Differences and similarities between 2000 and 2013

This paper uses social network analysis to study and compare the organizational structures and division of roles of three jihadist networks in the Netherlands. It uses unique Dutch police data covering the 2000-2013 period. This study demonstrates how the organizational structures differ between different networks. The earliest network has a hierarchical cell structure with a clear division of labour, while the later networks are horizontal and dense networks with less clear orientation on tasks. The core member types in the jihadist networks also differ. The earliest network contains international jihad veterans with clear leadership skills, while the later networks contain home-grown radicals with less status and often a lack of expertise. Furthermore, several jihadists evolve over time, when they used to be supporters, but become core members in posterior networks.
Des passions nationales virtualisées
Authors: Ditchev Ivaylo , Kerbiriou Anne-Hélène
Published: August 2016

L’état d’esprit que l’on appelle « nationalisme » paraît de nos jours tenir
davantage d’une communauté de fans que d’une quelconque doctrine politique. Cela est vrai en
particulier pour les générations les plus jeunes qui socialisent en ligne et qui ont grandi
dans un monde fluide de désinstitutionalisation globale. À partir d’exemples de nationalisme
en ligne en Bulgarie, recueillis ces dernières années par le biais d’une analyse des médias
suivie dans certains cas d’entrevues en ligne et en personne, j’avance que la nouvelle
constellation médiatique a en grande partie accentué cette évolution. De façon plus
générale, celle-ci est liée au virage culturel qui a transformé la culture, la faisant
passer d’une façon d’être à une façon de posséder.
Écrire sur Facebook, ou les sentiers de la reconnaissance
Authors: Achour Kallel Myriam
Published: August 2016

En Tunisie, l’ordre politico-graphique est clair : la langue arabe, seule langue reconnue dans la Constitution, s’exprime par l’alphabet arabe, le français par l’alphabet latin, les chiffres servent à exprimer des grandeurs et le tunisien n’a pas de visibilité officielle à l’écrit. Les écritures des Statuts sur Facebook, en revanche, défient ces arrangements. Les limites de ces usages y sont lâches, les graphies emmêlées, les arrangements révisés et le tunisien écrit apparaît, se répand et se normalise. Je propose de comprendre ces écritures comme des expressions d’une citoyenneté horizontale engageant un processus de reconnaissance d’une langue qui n’a pas de visibilité officielle à l’écrit. Facebook devient ainsi un espace de remise en question du rôle de l’État dans sa définition d’une forme scripturaire de citoyenneté. Je soutiens, enfin, que les processus de reconnaissance ne sont pas nécessairement étayés par des pratiques de luttes et de revendications mais qu’ils peuvent se dérouler de manière relativement banale et informelle.
La comète Piu Piu
Authors: Boudreault-Fournier Alexandrine , Blais Laurent K.
Published: August 2016

Cet article analyse un mouvement émergent composé d’un groupe d’acteurs (musiciens, adeptes, journalistes, promoteurs) qui proposent une nouvelle forme d’imaginaire collectif grâce à l’utilisation de médias sociaux (Facebook, Tumblr, Twitter, Instagram), de réseaux de partage et de diffusion (Bandcamp, Mediafire, Dropbox) et d’autres plateformes mixtes multifonctionnelles (Mixcloud, SoundCloud, YouTube, Vimeo). Le Piu Piu, mouvement basé à Montréal, représente une vague régionale de musique électronique post-rap, une nouvelle forme de hip hop instrumental, appartenant à une scène mondiale appelée « beat ». Nous nous intéressons au discours nationaliste et à l’idée de nation, souvent associés au hip hop. Nous croyons que ce discours nationaliste ne cadre plus avec les imaginaires collectifs créés par ceux et celles qui s’identifient au Piu Piu. L’un des facteurs encourageant une reconfiguration de l’imaginaire collectif du Piu Piu repose sur l’appropriation par ses acteurs des nouveaux médias et de leurs codes particuliers. En un clic de souris, ils modèlent, remodèlent, puis démantèlent leur réseau pour ainsi créer de nouvelles chaînes identitaires.
Se retrouver entre soi pour se reconnaître
Authors: Pastinelli Madeleine , Déry Caroline
Published: August 2016

Les possibilités de communication anonyme permises par les nouvelles technologies amènent des personnes qui ont en commun des pratiques ou des expériences qui les stigmatisent à se retrouver à l’abri des regards pour échanger entre elles et former des communautés en ligne. Ce faisant, elles se réapproprient leur expérience dans un langage choisi qui leur permet de redonner sens à des identités et des pratiques marginales ou considérées comme déviantes ou pensées comme relevant de la pathologie par le discours médical. L’enquête que nous avons menée dans une communauté en ligne de personnes trans éclaire la manière dont la fréquentation de celle-ci permet à ces personnes de se (re)connaître dans leur expérience particulière du corps et du genre et de faire sens de cette expérience. La volonté communément partagée par ces personnes de penser autrement leur expérience donne lieu à la rencontre d’une multitude de conceptions différentes, et parfois incompatibles entre elles, de l’identité de genre et de l’expérience trans. L’analyse se penche plus particulièrement sur la régulation du discours et des échanges qui est faite par les modérateurs dans ce contexte et sur le type de consensus qu’elle rend possible.
Appréhender l’invisible : réflexions sur un dispositif méthodologique élaboré pour l’analyse du travail domestique
Authors: Courcy Isabelle , des Rivières-Pigeon Catherine , Modak1 Marianne
Published: August 2016

Le travail domestique et la théorisation de son exploitation constituent des enjeux fondamentaux de la critique féministe. Par ailleurs, les efforts pour appréhender de façon empirique le travail domestique se butent à plusieurs obstacles politiques, théoriques et méthodologiques. Cet article présente un dispositif méthodologique original qui a été élaboré pour analyser le travail domestique effectué par des mères et des pères auprès de leur enfant présentant un trouble dans le spectre de l’autisme. L’analyse d’une première application de ce dispositif méthodologique montre comment, en comparaison des outils généralement utilisés, il permet une meilleure documentation de certains aspects de ce travail et une mise en évidence stratégique de l’inégalité vécue à cet égard par les participantes.
Le blogue « privé » comme méthode de recherche en études féministes
Authors: Lang Marie-Ève
Published: August 2016

Pour obtenir des données qualitatives sur les façons dont les jeunes femmes s’informent sur la sexualité et négocient les rapports de pouvoir dont celle-ci est traversée, l’auteure a conçu une méthode qui tire profit des technologies de l’information et qui mise sur l’écriture et l’autonomie des femmes : le blogue « privé ». Dans sa recherche, 30 femmes de 17 à 21 ans ont décrit leurs expériences de la sexualité en tenant chacune un blogue sur le Web. L’auteure présente dans son article les caractéristiques de la méthode adoptée et ses avantages pour la recherche féministe.
Le féminisme québécois comme mouvement de défense des droits des femmes
Authors: Mayer Stéphanie , Lamoureux Diane
Published: August 2016

Mettre en évidence l’apport des mouvements communautaires, dont celui des femmes, à l’avancée des droits est l’un des objectifs du projet de recherche Inter-Reconnaissance. Les entretiens conduits auprès d’une quarantaine de féministes amènent les auteures à réfléchir à deux éléments. D’abord, demander à ces militantes de réfléchir aux luttes menées par le mouvement en matière de droits révèle un paradoxe important : au-delà d’une énumération convenue des droits obtenus lorsqu’on leur pose directement la question, leurs réponses s’avèrent beaucoup plus riches et variées lorsqu’il s’agit des valeurs ou des pratiques du mouvement, montrant à l’oeuvre l’idée de « vie sociale des droits ». Ensuite, en mettant en avant les actrices et leur récit, cette recherche conduit les auteures à penser les rapports entre le témoignage, la mémoire individuelle et la mémoire collective. Malgré les paradoxes, la lutte pour les droits semble avoir joué un rôle essentiel dans le passé et est susceptible de continuer à le faire à l’avenir, même si le lien entre l’État et les mouvements sociaux s’est considérablement transformé.
Les méthodes mixtes dans la recherche féministe : enjeux, contraintes et potentialités politiques
Authors: Turcotte Emmanuelle
Published: August 2016

La recherche utilisant les méthodes mixtes (RMM) connaît une popularité transdisciplinaire grandissante depuis une vingtaine d’années. Toutefois, on observe étonnamment très peu d’écrits sur l’usage des méthodes mixtes dans le domaine de la recherche féministe. Par l’entremise d’une recension des textes clés récemment publiés, l’auteure présente un survol des principaux enjeux de l’utilisation des méthodes mixtes pour la recherche féministe, notamment sur le plan épistémologique et politique. Son texte accentue l’importance actuelle pour la communauté scientifique de saisir l’opportunité renouvelée, par l’émergence de la RMM, d’engager les débats sur les différentes façons d’articuler les questions théoriques, méthodologiques, épistémologiques et politiques dans la construction des savoirs féministes.
Projet de recherche-action à Gennevilliers : « La ville côté femmes »
Authors: Luxembourg Corinne , Messaoudi Dalila
Published: August 2016

Dans leur article, les auteures s’appuient sur une expérience de recherche-action (« La ville côté femmes ») menée à Gennevilliers en vue de comprendre les mécanismes d’appropriation de l’espace public par les femmes. Leur objectif est de réfléchir à la question de la quotidienneté de l’espace urbain vécu au féminin en interrogeant nombre de comportements, de qualifications, de rapports sociaux de sexe impensés si longtemps parce qu’ils reposent, pour l’essentiel, sur des présupposés de détermination naturaliste. D’un point de vue méthodologique, leur projet est multidisciplinaire et mixte.
Le salaire au travail ménager, 1972-1977 : retour sur un courant féministe évanoui1
Authors: Toupin Louise
Published: August 2016

Dans cet article, l’auteure effectue un retour sur le courant de pensée et le mouvement du « salaire au travail ménager », issus de l’ouvrage de Mariarosa Dalla Costa et Selma James : Le pouvoir des femmes et la subversion sociale (1972). L’auteure offre un aperçu de certaines contributions théoriques de cette pensée et présente le sens de quelques-unes des mobilisations qui l’ont traduite en actions pendant la période 1972-1977. Son article se termine par quelques enjeux contemporains du travail domestique et de reproduction sociale.
Antioxidant-rich leaf extract ofBarringtonia racemosasignificantly alters thein vitroexpression of genes encoding enzymes that are involved in methylglyoxal degradation III
Authors: Kong Kin Weng , Abdul Aziz Azlina , Razali Nurhanani , Aminuddin Norhaniza , Mat Junit Sarni
Published: August 2016

Background

Barringtonia racemosais a medicinal plant belonging to theLecythidaceaefamily. The water extract ofB. racemosaleaf (BLE) has been shown to be rich in polyphenols. Despite the diverse medicinal properties ofB. racemosa, information on its major biological effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still lacking.

Methods

In this study, the effect of the antioxidant-rich BLE on gene expression in HepG2 cells was investigated using microarray analysis in order to shed more light on the molecular mechanism associated with the medicinal properties of the plant.

Results

Microarray analysis showed that a total of 138 genes were significantly altered in response to BLE treatment (p< 0.05) with a fold change difference of at least 1.5.SERPINE1was the most significantly up-regulated gene at 2.8-fold whileHAMPwas the most significantly down-regulated gene at 6.5-fold. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) revealed that “Cancer, cell death and survival, cellular movement” was the top network affected by the BLE with a score of 44. The top five canonical pathways associated with BLE were Methylglyoxal Degradation III followed by VDR/RXR activation, TR/RXR activation, PXR/RXR activation and gluconeogenesis. The expression of genes that encode for enzymes involved in methylglyoxal degradation (ADH4,AKR1B10andAKR1C2) and glycolytic process (ENO3, ALDOCandSLC2A1) was significantly regulated. Owing to the Warburg effect, aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells may increase the level of methylglyoxal, a cytotoxic compound.

Conclusions

BLE has the potential to be developed into a novel chemopreventive agent provided that the cytotoxic effects related to methylglyoxal accumulation are minimized in normal cells that rely on aerobic glycolysis for energy supply.
Electrophysiological assessment of auditory processing disorder in children with non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate
Authors: Ma Xiaoran , McPherson Bradley , Ma Lian
Published: August 2016

Objectives

Cleft lip and/or palate is a common congenital craniofacial malformation found worldwide. A frequently associated disorder is conductive hearing loss, and this disorder has been thoroughly investigated in children with non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P). However, analysis of auditory processing function is rarely reported for this population, although this issue should not be ignored since abnormal auditory cortical structures have been found in populations with cleft disorders. The present study utilized electrophysiological tests to assess the auditory status of a large group of children with NSCL/P, and investigated whether this group had less robust central auditory processing abilities compared to craniofacially normal children.

Methods

146 children with NSCL/P who had normal peripheral hearing thresholds, and 60 craniofacially normal children aged from 6 to 15 years, were recruited. Electrophysiological tests, including auditory brainstem response (ABR), P1-N1-P2 complex, and P300 component recording, were conducted.

Results

ABR and N1 wave latencies were significantly prolonged in children with NSCL/P. An atypical developmental trend was found for long latency potentials in children with cleft compared to control group children. Children with unilateral cleft lip and palate showed a greater level of abnormal results compared with other cleft subgroups, whereas the cleft lip subgroup had the most robust responses for all tests.

Conclusion

Children with NSCL/P may have slower than normal neural transmission times between the peripheral auditory nerve and brainstem. Possible delayed development of myelination and synaptogenesis may also influence auditory processing function in this population. Present research outcomes were consistent with previous, smaller sample size, electrophysiological studies on infants and children with cleft lip/palate disorders. In view of the these findings, and reports of educational disadvantage associated with cleft disorders, further research that focuses on the auditory processing abilities of children with cleft lip/palate disorder is warranted.
Measurement of solar wind electron density and temperature in the shocked region of Venus and the density and temperature of photoelectrons within the ionosphere of Venus
Authors: Knudsen William C. , Jones Douglas E. , Peterson Bryan G. , Knadler Charles E.
Published: August 2016

Presented herein are measurements of the solar wind electron number density and temperature near and within the bow shock of Venus. The measurements were made by the Pioneer Venus mission Orbiter Retarding Potential Analyzer operating in its suprathermal electron mode. The measurements are essentially point measurements. The spacecraft travels approximately 0.8 km during the 0.1 s time interval required to record a single I‐V curve. The dual measurement of a density and temperature is obtained from one sweep by least squares fitting a mathematical Maxwellian expression to the I‐V curve. The distance between successive measurements is approximately 100 km. In many orbits, when the spacecraft is crossing or traveling within the bow shock, the derived densities and temperatures (high density, high temperature (HDHT)) are large, densities of the order of 100 cm−3 and temperatures of the order of several hundred eV. We interpret these HDHT measurements as measurements in regions where the large, directed kinetic energy of the solar wind ions is being degraded into randomized, more thermal‐like energy distributions of the electrons and ions through wave‐particle interactions. The HDHT values define the electron energy distribution in the limited energy interval 0 to 50 eV. We assume that the underlying electron flux distributions are flat topped like those measured in the Earth's bow shock. We also report densities and temperatures of EUV produced photoelectron energy distributions measured within the ionosphere.