bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaporation Blocker for Cone-Plate Rheometry of Volatile Samples
Authors: Sato Jun , Breedveld Victor
Published: May 2019

We report on the design and implementation of an evaporation blocker for cone-plate and plate-plate geometries. In addition to minimizing sample evaporation by trapping the saturated vapor inside a sample chamber, an important feature of the evaporation blocker is the suppression of solvent transport through condensation. Validation tests with DI-water, hydrogels, and colloidal suspensions demonstrate that the new accessory reduces solvent evaporation significantly more than commercially available environmental control chambers. Experiments were also performed to show that the evaporation blocker enables a variety of experiments on thermoresponsive complex fluids that were previously impossible, and provide new insight into the molecular organization of these materials. The evaporation blocker was specifically designed for an Anton Paar MCR rheometer, but the fundamental principles are widely applicable.
Getting the Central RDM Message Across: A Case Study of Central versus Discipline-Specific Research Data Services (RDS) at the University of Cambridge
Authors: Castle Clair
Published: May 2019

RDS are usually cross-disciplinary, centralised services, which are increasingly provided at a university by the academic library and in collaboration with other RDM stakeholders, such as the Research Office. At research-intensive universities, research data is generated in a wide range of disciplines and sub-disciplines. This paper will discuss how providing discipline-specific RDM support is approached by such universities and academic libraries, and the advantages and disadvantages of these central and discipline-specific approaches.

A descriptive case study on the author’s experiences of collaborating with a central RDS at the University of Cambridge, as a subject librarian embedded in an academic department, is a major component of this paper. The case study describes how centralised RDM services offered by the Office of Scholarly Communication (OSC) have been adapted to meet discipline-specific needs in the Department of Chemistry. It will introduce the department and the OSC, and describe the author’s role in delivering RDM training, as well as the Data Champions programme, and their membership of the RDM Project Group. It will describe the outcomes of this collaboration for the Department of Chemistry, and for the centralised service.

Centralised and discipline-specific approaches to RDS provision have their own advantages and disadvantages. Supporting the discipline-specific RDM needs of researchers is proving particularly challenging for universities to address sustainably: it requires adequate financial resources and staff skilled (or re-skilled) in RDM. A mixed approach is the most desirable, cost-effective way of providing RDS, but this still has constraints.
High-temperature Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Osipov Armenak A.
Published: May 2019

Raman spectroscopy has a long-standing reputation as a powerful tool for structural investigation of the various materials. However, application of this technique to study the melt structure directly under high-temperature requires its certain modification. The methods of the registration of high-temperature Raman spectra were considered. Particular attention was paid to considering the systems on time-resolved filtering of the thermal radiation.
Ein evolutionärer Ansatz für aufgabenspezifische MobileNet-Topologien
Authors: Mitschke Norbert , Heizmann Michael , Noffz Klaus-Henning
Published: May 2019

Infolge sinkender Hardwarepreise und der zunehmenden Automatisierung wird maschinelles Lernen für industrielle Anwendungen wie klassische Sichtprüfungsaufgaben immer interessanter. In diesem Artikel wird ein metaheuristischer Ansatz für die Suche nach einer allgemeinen MobileNet-Topologie nach Howard et al. [7] vorgestellt, der auf differentieller Evolution beruht. Dieser ist in der Lage, anhand eines gegebenen Datensatzes und ohne zusätzliches Vorwissen einen geeigneten Klassifikator zu entwerfen. Gleichzeitig wird durch die Wahl einer geeigneten Fitnessfunktion der Ressourcenbedarf der Inferenz begrenzt. Für typische industrielle Datensätze können neuronale Netze mit Genauigkeiten von über

99

%

99\hspace{0.1667em}\%

gefunden werden, während die Rechendauer dafür relativ kurz bleibt.
Slow NMDA-Mediated Excitation Accelerates Offset-Response Latencies Generated via a Post-Inhibitory Rebound Mechanism
Authors: Rajaram Ezhilarasan , Kaltenbach Carina , Fischl Matthew J. , Mrowka Leander , Alexandrova Olga , Grothe Benedikt , Hennig Matthias H. , Kopp-Scheinpflug Conny
Published: May 2019

In neural circuits, action potentials (spikes) are conventionally caused by excitatory inputs whereas inhibitory inputs reduce or modulate neuronal excitability. We previously showed that neurons in the superior paraolivary nucleus (SPN) require solely synaptic inhibition to generate their hallmark offset response, a burst of spikes at the end of a sound stimulus, via a post-inhibitory rebound mechanism. In addition SPN neurons receive excitatory inputs, but their functional significance is not yet known. Here we used mice of both sexes to demonstrate that in SPN neurons, the classical roles for excitation and inhibition are switched, with inhibitory inputs driving spike firing and excitatory inputs modulating this response. Hodgkin–Huxley modeling suggests that a slow, NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-mediated excitation would accelerate the offset response. We find corroborating evidence fromin vitroandin vivorecordings that lack of excitation prolonged offset-response latencies and rendered them more variable to changing sound intensity levels. Our results reveal an unsuspected function for slow excitation in improving the timing of post-inhibitory rebound firing even when the firing itself does not depend on excitation. This shows the auditory system employs highly specialized mechanisms to encode timing-sensitive features of sound offsets which are crucial for sound-duration encoding and have profound biological importance for encoding the temporal structure of speech.
The role of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT): An evidence-based literature review
Authors: Huo Bright , Surette Marcel , Kelly Aaron
Published: May 2019

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) poses a risk of death secondary to thrombotic complications.Treatment options are limited for patients with poor IV access, as contemporary options are restricted to parenteral agents before switching to oral vitamin k antagonists. A literature review was conducted to examine the effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in the primary treatment of HIT. High quality evidence is scarce surrounding the use of DOACs for this indication, while past reviews have not critically appraised the evidence. Additionally, the most recent study from 2017 investigating the use of DOACs for this indication has not been reported in past literature reviews.The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Google Scholar and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched to identify and critically appraise the best available evidence. Salient literature demonstrates that DOACs are effective at raising platelet count to baseline after seven days, on average.Thrombosis and major bleeding are rarely observed when DOACs are used as primary therapy. While large scale studies are needed, patients with HIT that have poor IV access may benefit from the ease of administration, rapid onset of action and lack of routine monitoring associated with DOAC therapy.
Decision-making through the lens of a pediatric cancer case
Authors: Selman Tamara Danielle
Published: May 2019

It is crucial to obtain a competent individual’s informed consent in any medical process, including cancer treatments. However, when it comes to incompetent children, it seems to be favourable, but not necessary, to obtain their assent in medical practice.1 This paper considers Christine Harrison’s example of Samantha, an eleven-year-old girl that was treated for osteosarcoma in her left arm. Samantha had previously been treated by amputation and a course of chemotherapy. This cancer later metastasized to her lungs, decreasing her chances of remission with aggressive treatment to 20%. Although she wanted to refuse treatment, she was deemed incompetent to make decisions about her cancer care, and her parents adamantly wanted her to continue treatment.7 This paper considers physicians’ moral obligations in pediatric cancer cases such as Samantha’s. I will define assent, the principles of autonomy, beneficence, and competence as it pertains to children. I consider arguments of two opposing views–a child’s rights view that argues in favour of Samantha’s decision, and a paternalistic view that opposes her. After reviewing the bioethical literature on the risks and benefits of children’s decision making in health care, I argue that Samantha’s wishes to stop treatment ought to be respected.Throughout the paper, I will use the bioethical principles of respect for autonomy and beneficence to defend my position. Finally, I address potential objections my position may face and conclude.
Serum soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in adults with growth hormone deficiency
Authors: Höybye Charlotte , Faseh Laia , Himonakos Christos , Pielak Tomasz , Eugen-Olsen Jesper
Published: May 2019

Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) syndrome is associated with adverse levels of several risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including metabolic inflammation. However, the impact of GHD and GH treatment on low-grade inflammation is unknown. The aim of the study was to establish the level of the low-grade inflammation biomarker soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in adults with GHD and the response to long-term GH treatment. Measurements of suPAR and CRP were performed in bio-bank serum samples from 72 adults, 34 males and 38 females, with GHD before and during at least 5 years of GH treatment. Mean age was 52.5 ± 15.5 years, BMI 27.3 ± 5 kg/m2. Clinical evaluations and blood sampling were performed at routine visits. Data on demography, anthropometry, lab results and clinical events were retrieved from post-marketing surveillance study databases and medical records. suPAR and high-sensitive (hs) CRP were analysed using ELISA and immunochemistry, respectively. At baseline blood pressure, lipid profile and fasting glucose were within the normal reference range. Baseline geometric mean and 95% CI of suPAR was 2.9 (2.7–3.3) ng/mL and of CRP 2.3 (0.6–4.0) mg/L. Mean follow-up was 8 ± 2 years. The suPAR levels remained stable during follow-up, although individual increases were seen on occurrence or presence of co-morbidities. In contrast, levels of CRP decreased. In conclusion, the decrease in CRP and indirectly the absence of an expected increase in suPAR over time indicates a favourable effect of GH on low-grade inflammation.
How to run a specialist valve clinic: a collaborative series from the British Heart Valve Society and the British Society of Echocardiography
Authors: Chambers John B. , Steeds Richard P.
Published: May 2019

As heart valve disease increases in prevalence in an ageing population, comorbidities make patients increasingly hard to assess. Specialist competencies are therefore increasingly important to deliver best practice in a specialist valve clinic and to make best advantage of advances in percutaneous and surgical interventions. However, patient care is not improved unless all disciplines have specialist valve competencies, and there is little guidance about the practical details of running a specialist valve clinic. In this issue of Echo Research and Practice, the British Heart Valve Society (BHVS) and the British Society of Echocardiography (BSE) introduce a series of articles to guide all disciplines in how to run a valve clinic.
Genome-Wide Association Study of Yield Component Traits in Intermediate Wheatgrass and Implications in Genomic Selection and Breeding
Authors: Bajgain Prabin , Zhang Xiaofei , Anderson James A
Published: May 2019

Intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium, IWG) is a perennial grain crop with high biomass and grain yield, long seeds, and resistance to pests and diseases. It also reduces soil erosion, nitrate and mineral leaching into underground water tables, and sequesters carbon in its roots. The domestication timeline of IWG as a grain crop spans only 3 decades, hence it lags annual grain crops in yield and seed characteristics. One approach to improve its agronomic traits is by using molecular markers to uncover marker-trait associations. In this study, we performed association mapping on IWG breeding germplasm from the third recurrent selection cycle at the University of Minnesota. The IWG population was phenotyped in St Paul, MN in 2017 and 2018, and in Crookston, MN in 2018 for grain yield, seed length, width and weight, spike length and weight, and number of spikelets per spike. Strong positive correlations were observed among most trait pairs, with correlations as high as 0.76. Genotyping using high throughput sequencing identified 8,899 high-quality genome-wide SNPs which were combined with phenotypic data in association mapping to discover regions associated with the yield component traits. We detected 154 genetic loci associated with these traits of which 19 were shared between at least two traits. Prediction of breeding values using significant loci as fixed effects in genomic selection model improved predictive abilities by up to 14%. Genetic mapping of agronomic traits followed by using genomic selection to predict breeding values can assist breeders in selecting superior genotypes to accelerate IWG domestication.
Quantifying GC-Biased Gene Conversion in Great Ape Genomes Using Polymorphism-Aware Models
Authors: Borges Rui , Szöllősi Gergely J , Kosiol Carolin
Published: May 2019

As multi-individual population-scale data become available, more complex modeling strategies are needed to quantify genome-wide patterns of nucleotide usage and associated mechanisms of evolution. Recently, the multivariate neutral Moran model was proposed. However, it was shown insufficient to explain the distribution of alleles in great apes. Here, we propose a new model that includes allelic selection. Our theoretical results constitute the basis of a new Bayesian framework to estimate mutation rates and selection coefficients from population data. We apply the new framework to a great ape dataset, where we found patterns of allelic selection that match those of genome-wide GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC). In particular, we show that great apes have patterns of allelic selection that vary in intensity—a feature that we correlated with great apes’ distinct demographies. We also demonstrate that the AT/GC toggling effect decreases the probability of a substitution, promoting more polymorphisms in the base composition of great ape genomes. We further assess the impact of GC-bias in molecular analysis, and find that mutation rates and genetic distances are estimated under bias when gBGC is not properly accounted for. Our results contribute to the discussion on the tempo and mode of gBGC evolution, while stressing the need for gBGC-aware models in population genetics and phylogenetics.
Pain Sensitization, Breastfeeding Effectiveness, and Parental Preferences by Antibiotic Route in Suspected Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Patel Lina , Lin James A. , Guo Rong , Kulkarni Deepa
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) antibiotics have comparable efficacy in treating neonates undergoing sepsis evaluations. There are no clinical data favoring the use of either route regarding newborn pain and parental preferences. We hypothesized that pain associated with IM injections would worsen breastfeeding effectiveness and decrease parental satisfaction, making IV catheters the preferred route.

METHODS:

This prospective cohort study took place in an academic institution with nurseries in 2 separate hospitals, 1 providing IV antibiotics, and the other, IM antibiotics. Newborns receiving 48 hours of antibiotics were compared by using objective pain and breastfeeding scores and parental surveys.

RESULTS:

In 185 newborns studied, pain scores on a 7-point scale were up to 3.4 points higher in the IM compared with the IV group (P < .001). Slopes of repeated pain scores were 0.42 ± 0.08 and −0.01 ± 0.11 in the IM and IV groups, respectively (P = .002). Breastfeeding scores were similar between groups. Parents in the IV group were less likely to perceive discomfort with antibiotic administration (odds ratio [OR] 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.06–0.74) but more likely to perceive interference with breastfeeding (OR 26; 95% CI 6.4–108) and bonding (OR 101; 95% CI 17–590) and more likely to prefer changing to the alternate route (OR 6.9; 95% CI 2.3–20).

CONCLUSIONS:

IM antibiotics in newborns are associated with pain sensitization and greater pain than IV dosing. Despite accurately recognizing newborn pain with the IM route, parents preferred this to the IV route, which was perceived to interfere with breastfeeding and bonding.
Factors Influencing Use of Continuous Physiologic Monitors for Hospitalized Pediatric Patients
Authors: Schondelmeyer Amanda C. , Jenkins Ashley M. , Allison Brittany , Timmons Kristen M. , Loechtenfeldt Allison M. , Pope-Smyth Sally T. , Vaughn Lisa M.
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Continuous physiologic monitors (CPMs) generate frequent alarms and are used for up to 50% of children who are hospitalized outside of the ICU. Our objective was to assess factors that influence the decision to use CPMs.

METHODS:

In this qualitative study, we used group-level assessment, a structured method designed to engage diverse stakeholder groups. We recruited clinicians and other staff who work on a 48-bed hospital medicine unit at a freestanding children’s hospital. We developed a list of open-ended prompts used to address CPM use on inpatient units. Demographic data were collected from each participant. We conducted 6 sessions to permit maximum participation among all groups, and themes from all sessions were merged and distilled.

RESULTS:

Participants (n = 78) included nurses (37%), attending physicians (17%), pediatric residents (32%), and unit staff (eg, unit coordinator; 14%). Participants identified several themes. First, there are patient factors (eg, complexity and instability) for which CPMs are useful. Second, participants perceived that alarms have negative effects on families (eg, anxiety and sleep deprivation). Third, CPMs are often used as surrogates for clinical assessments. Fourth, CPM alarms cause anxiety and fatigue for frontline staff. Fifth, the decision to use CPMs should be, but is not often, a team decision. Sixth, and finally, there are issues related to the monitor system’s setup that reduces its utility.

CONCLUSIONS:

Hospital medicine staff identified patient-, staff-, and system-level factors relevant to CPM use for children who were hospitalized. These data will inform the development of system-level interventions to improve CPM use and address high alarm rates.
Neonatal Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: McLean Josef , Katebian Roia , Suh Eugene , Mirza Kamran , Amin Sachin
Published: May 2019

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is extremely rare in the neonatal period. The incidence of neonatal HLH is not confirmed and may range from 1 in 50,000 to 150,000. The incidence varies based on ethnicity, particularly in populations in which consanguinity is common. HLH is associated with a high fatality rate and poor prognosis, making it important to recognize and diagnose it early. This review will concentrate primarily on the diagnosis and management of neonatal HLH.
Evaluation of sexual dimorphism of histochemical activity of phosphatases of the plantar glands of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Kiladze A. B. , Dzhemukhadze N. K.
Published: May 2019

The activity of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase in the eccrine and sebaceous glands of the skin of the soles of the paws of male and female Norway rats was studied by histochemiсal methods. Using the methods of qualimetric analysis, we presented a digitalized form of the enzyme activity, which made it possible to calculate sexual dimorphism indices, reflecting quantitative differences in the enzymatic activity of the skin glands in males and females of Norway rats. For acid phosphatase activity, the sexual dimorphism index was equal to 0.50 in the eccrine glands and equal to 0.33 in the sebaceous glands. For alkaline phosphatase activity, values of sexual dimorphism indices were equal to –0.25 and 0.33 correspondingly, and for adenosine triphosphatase values of sexual dimorphism indices were equal to –0.33 and 0.50. Digital analogues of the histoenzymatic activity of the skin glands were presented as coordinates in three-dimensional space. Using the methods of analytical geometry, we calculated the values of intersexual distances (1.73 for eccrine glands and 1.73 for sebaceous glands), reflecting the cumulative differences in the activity of three types of phosphatases, which can be considered as an integral indicator of sexual dimorphism. Histochemical activity entropy is significant in the eccrine glands. Male entropy value (0.842 bit) was less than female entropy value (0.915 bit), because total actual activity of the males’ phosphatases was greater (220% of 300%) than total actual activity of the females’ phosphatases (200% of 300%). High entropy level of phosphatase activity was typical for male sebaceous glands (0.998 bit), where the general level of enzymatic activity was significantly reduced (160% of 300%). Because of the highest total actual phosphatase activity of female sebaceous glands (220% of 300%), entropy value was the lowest (0.842 bit). The obtained results show not only sexual dimorphism by histochemical parameters but show different communicational levels of male and female Norway rats, taking into account the important role of the plantar glands as sources of chemical signals determining the character of marking behaviour.
Trophic links of the song thrush (Turdus philomelos) in transformed forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine
Authors: Chaplygina A. B. , Pakhomov O. Y. , Brygadyrenko V. V.
Published: May 2019

The diet spectrum of the song thrush (Turdus philomelos Brehm, 1831; Passeriformes, Turdidae) was studied with the aim of supporting the population of the species in transformed forests of North-Eastern Ukraine. Four forest ecosystems were surveyed: three model sites in oak woodlands with different stages of recreational digression, and the fourth model site in a pine-oak forest. A total of 45 invertebrate taxa with the dominance of Insecta (64.6%, n = 1321), Oligochaеta (16.7%), and Gastropoda (12.0%) were revealed in the diet of the song thrush. At the level of orders, Lepidoptera (66.2%) was dominant. In the qualitative structure of the song thrush nestling diet, the highest number of taxa (40.5–59.1%) was represented by phytophages. Phytophagous species also comprised the majority of the consumed prey items (44.7–80.3%). Environmental conditions are an important factor, affecting the diet composition of birds. The most favourable foraging conditions for the thrushes were revealed in natural protected areas. The analysis has shown a fairly even foraging efficiency of the thrushes in all the studied sites. The highest biodiversity indices were found in a protected area of the National Nature Park “Homilshanski Forests”. The results of the research indicate an important role of T. philomelos in the population management of potentially dangerous agricultural pests.
Phylogenetic analysis of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory infections in Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Mehrdad , Yavarian Jila , Karbasizade Vajihe , Moghim Sharareh , Esfahani Bahram Nasr , Hosseini Nafiseh Sadat
Published: May 2019

Human bocavirus (HBoV) was first characterized in nasopharyngeal aspirates from young children with acute respiratory infections. It is prevalent among children with acute wheezing. This study was carried out in order to analyze the infection frequency and coinfection rates of HBoV with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and to perform phylogenetic analysis of HBoV in samples of children with acute respiratory infection in Isfahan, Iran. During the time period 2016–2017, altogether 75 respiratory samples from children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection were collected. The samples were first screened for RSV by direct immunofluorescence method and then subjected to detect HBoV DNA by PCR. Genotyping of HBoV-positive samples was conducted by direct sequencing of PCR products using NP and VP1/VP2 genes. Out of 75 respiratory samples, 20 (26.7%) and 10 (13.3%) were positive for RSV and HBoV, respectively. The coinfection rate was 40% (p = 0.048). Considering the seasonal distribution, winter has the highest extent outbreak (p = 0.036). Sequence analysis of positive samples exhibits that all of the isolated HBoV were related to genotype 1 (HBoV-1) with minimal sequence variations. Increasing frequency of HBoV suggests that the virus is related to acute respiratory infection in children. A single genetic lineage of HBoV1 seems to be the major genotype in Iran.
Effect of Soft Errors in Iterative Learning Control and Compensation using Cross-layer Approach
Authors: Jeong Gu-Min , Lee Kyoungwoo , Choi Sang-Il , Ji Sang-Hoon , Dutt Nikil
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we study the effects of radiation-induced soft errors in iterative learning control(ILC) and present the compensation techniques to make the ILC systems robust against soft errors. Soft errors are transient faults, which occur temporarily in memories where the energetic particles strike the sensitive region in the transistors mainly under abnormal conditions such as high radiation, high temperature, and high pressure. These soft errors can cause bit value changes without any notification to the controller, affect the stability of the system, and result in catastrophic consequences. First, we investigate and analyze the effects of soft errors in the ILC systems. Our analytical study shows that when a single soft error occurs in the output data from the ILC, the performance of the learning control is significantly degraded. Second, we propose novel learning methods by incorporating the existing techniques across the system abstraction levels in the ILC to compensate for soft-error-induced incorrect output. The occurrence of soft errors is estimated by using a monotonic convergence of the erroneous outputs in a cross-layer manner, and our proposed methods can significantly reduce these negative impacts on the system performance. Under the assumption of soft error occurrence, our analytic study has proved the convergence of the proposed methods in the ILC systems and our simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods to efficiently reduce the impacts of soft-error-induced outputs in the ILC systems.
Wavelet Design for Automatic Real-Time Eye Blink Detection and Recognition in EEG Signals
Authors: Miranda Michael Gabriel , Salinas Renato Alberto , Raff Ulrich , Magna Oscar
Published: May 2019

The blinking of an eye can be detected in electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings and can be understood as a useful control signal in some information processing tasks. The detection of a specific pattern associated with the blinking of an eye in real time using EEG signals of a single channel has been analyzed. This study considers both theoretical and practical principles enabling the design and implementation of a system capable of precise real-time detection of eye blinks within the EEG signal. This signal or pattern is subject to considerable scale changes and multiple incidences. In our proposed approach, a new wavelet was designed to improve the detection and localization of the eye blinking signal. The detection of multiple occurrences of the blinking perturbation in the recordings performed in real-time operation is achieved with a window giving a time-limited projection of an ongoing analysis of the sampled EEG signal.
Research on Key Technology of Web Hierarchical Topic Detection and Evolution Based on Behaviour Tracking Analysis
Authors: Chen Mo
Published: May 2019

In the development background of today’s big data era, the research direction of Web hierarchical topic detection and evolution characterized by the semistructured or unstructured data has caught wide attention for academicians. This paper proposes an idea of Web hierarchical topic detection and evolution based on behaviour tracking analysis taking the network big data as the research object, and expounds main implementation methods, which include the instance analysis of the usage mode, the instance analysis of the seed, the set analysis of similar instance supporting the topics, the set analysis of similar instance supporting the events, the evolution analysis of the event, and expounds the algorithm of Web hierarchical topic detection and evolution based on behaviour tracking analysis. The process of experimental analysis is organized as follows, first of all, the experiment analyses the quality of topic detection, the accuracy rate with the number of instance concerned and the seed threshold variation trend, the accuracy rate with the number of instance concerned and the probability threshold variation trend, secondly, the experiment analyses the quality of topic evolution, the accuracy rate with the variation trend of parameter adjustment, the accuracy rate with the number of instance concerned and the similar threshold variation trend, finally, the experiment analyses the time consuming to solve main research problem under different method, the qualitative result of topic detection and evolution under different data set. The results of experimental analysis show the idea is feasible, verifiable and superior, which plays a major role in reconfiguring Web hierarchical topic corpus and providing an intelligent big data warehouse for the network information evolution application.
Enhanced Fireworks Algorithm-Auto Disturbance Rejection Control Algorithm for Robot Fish Path Tracking
Authors: Song Xiaoru , Gao Song , Chen Chaobo , Gao Zepeng
Published: May 2019

The robot fish is affected by many unknown internal and external interference factors when it performs path tracking in unknown waters. It was proposed that a path tracking method based on the EFWA-ADRC (enhanced fireworks algorithmauto disturbance rejection control) to obtain high-quality tracking effect. ADRC has strong adaptability and robustness. It is an effective method to solve the control problems of nonlinearity, uncertainty, strong interference, strong coupling and large time lag. For the optimization of parameters in ADRC, the enhanced fireworks algorithm (EFWA) is used for online adjustment. It is to improve the anti-interference of the robot fish in the path tracking process. The multi-joint bionic robot fish was taken as the research object in the paper. It was established a path tracking error model in the Serret-Frenet coordinate system combining the mathematical model of robotic fish. It was focused on the forward speed and steering speed control rate. It was constructed that the EFWA-ADRC based path tracking system. Finally, the simulation and experimental results show that the control method based on EFWAADRC and conventional ADRC makes the robotic fish track the given path at 2:8s and 3:3s respectively, and the tracking error is kept within plus or minus 0:09m and 0:1m respectively. The new control method tracking steady-state error was reduces by 10% compared with the conventional ADRC. It was proved that the proposed EFWA-ADRC controller has better control effect on the controlled system, which is subject to strong interference.
Reliability Assessment Model for Industrial Control System Based on Belief Rule Base
Authors: Wang Yuhe , Qiao Peili , Luo Zhiyong , Sun Guanglu , Wang Guangze
Published: May 2019

This paper establishes a novel reliability assessment method for industrial control system (ICS). Firstly, the qualitative and quantitative information were integrated by evidential reasoning(ER) rule. Then, an ICS reliability assessment model was constructed based on belief rule base (BRB). In this way, both expert experience and historical data were fully utilized in the assessment. The model consists of two parts, a fault assessment model and a security assessment model. In addition, the initial parameters were optimized by covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES) algorithm, making the proposed model in line with the actual situation. Finally, the proposed model was compared with two other popular prediction methods through case study. The results show that the proposed method is reliable, efficient and accurate, laying a solid basis for reliability assessment of complex ICSs.
Manufacturing Process Monitoring in Terms of Energy Management Improving
Authors: Simo Attila , Barbulescu Constantin , Kilyeni Stafan , Dragos Claudia
Published: May 2019

Seeking out new technologies and deploying them for competitive advantage is a key priority for any company. In this context, Internet of Things (IoT) promise to change the way we live and work. IoT could help us in overtaking the top global challenges, as energy management, agriculture and food security, environment and natural resources security, etc., but to achieve this vision, "things" need to sense their environment and share this information among them as well as with us to offer intelligent decision-making. Nowadays, IoT become even more interesting due to the existence of Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) networks. LPWA is a key component of a wider IoT technology wave. In this paper, a LoRaWAN based solution is presented, for manufacturing process monitoring, in order to improve energy management in plants. The authors present a minimally invasive device, with which many product manufacturing data can be obtained for analysis and further improvements. This paper is an extended variant of [14].
Characteristics of BRAF
V600E Mutant, Deficient Mismatch Repair/Proficient Mismatch Repair, Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Series of 287 Patients
Authors: Fouchardière Christelle , Cohen Romain , Malka David , Guimbaud Rosine , Bourien Héloïse , Lièvre Astrid , Cacheux Wulfran , Artru Pascal , François Eric , Gilabert Marine , Samalin-Scalzi Emmanuelle , Zaanan Aziz , Hautefeuille Vincent , Rousseau Benoit , Senellart Hélène , Coriat Romain , Flippot Ronan , Desseigne Françoise , Lardy-Cleaud Audrey , Tougeron David
Published: May 2019

Background

BRAF V600E mutations occurring in about 10% of metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRCs) are usually associated with a poor outcome. However, their prognostic factors are unknown.

Materials and Methods

We built a multicenter clinico-biological database gathering data from patients with BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC treated in one of the 16 French centers from 2006 to 2017. The primary endpoint was to identify prognostic factors using a Cox model.

Results

We included 287 patients (median age, 67 years [28–95]; female, 57%). Their median overall survival was 20.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.97–27.04), and median progression-free survival in the first-line setting was 4.34 months (95% CI, 3.81–5.03). Chemotherapy regimen and biological agents (antiangiogenic or anti-epidermal growth factor receptor) were not associated with overall and progression-free survival. Stage IV disease (synchronous metastases) and absence of curative-intent surgery were statistically associated with poor overall survival. Among the 194 patients with mismatch repair (MMR) status available, overall survival was significantly longer in patients with deficient MMR tumors compared with those with proficient MMR tumors (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.56; p = .009).

Conclusion

Despite that BRAFV600E-mutant mCRCs are associated with poor overall and progression-free-survival, patients with deficient MMR tumors and/or resectable disease experienced a longer survival. These results highlight the importance of MMR testing and resectability discussion in patients with BRAFV600E mCRC in day-to-day practice.

Implications for Practice

Mismatch repair (MMR) testing and resectability discussion in patients with BRAFV600E metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) should be performed in day-to-day practice to steer treatment decision making in patients with BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC.
Physically based approach for rainfall-induced landslide projections in a changing climate
Authors: Salciarini Diana , Brocca Luca , Camici Stefania , Ciabatta Luca , Volpe Evelina , Massini Roberta , Tamagnini Claudio
Published: May 2019

In a changing climate, assessing the effects that the variation of the expected rainfalls can cause to slope stability is of primary importance. Precipitations are expected to increase, and, in particular, there will be more events characterised by extreme rainfalls, which legitimates the possibility of an increase in landslide activity. A probabilistic physically based model, which takes into account the uncertainty in soil characterisation, has been applied to a study area in central Italy, forced with different scenarios of expected rainfalls. The results of the prediction are compared in terms of variation of percentage of unstable territory. It is observed that the projection of the expected rainfall produces a general increase of the number of potentially unstable zones. Although many uncertainties in the analyses of the climatic trends and in their related effects at the ground still exist, the presented approach shows that physically based methods can be used to support quantitative projections of the expected impacts.
Effect of limestone powder on fracture and flexural behaviour of PVA fibre-reinforced sulfoaluminate cement
Authors: Li Yuelin , Deng Dehua , Sierens Zeger , Zhao Xuefang , Li Jiabin
Published: May 2019

In this paper, the effect of the partial substitution of cements with limestone powders (LSPs) with different replacement levels and fineness on the fracture and flexural properties of non-oil-coated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibre-reinforced sulfoaluminate cement (SAC) was experimentally investigated. The properties of the matrix, including the pore structure and fracture behaviour, were evaluated by means of mercury intrusion porosimetry and the double-K fracture model, respectively. The fibre–matrix bonding properties were measured and characterised using pull-out tests on fibre bundles and scanning electron microscopy. The test results show that an LSP replacement level of 20% significantly increases the flexural strength of the PVA fibre-reinforced SAC, while no increase in the ductility is found. In comparison, a higher LSP replacement level – that is, 40% – is more efficient in improving the ductility of the composite in terms of the deformation capacity and pseudo strain-hardening effect; however, this replacement level results in a reduction in the flexural strength of the composite. By utilising a finer LSP with a replacement level of 40%, an improvement in both the flexural strength and ductility of the composite is achieved in comparison to that of the reference samples.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação de um modelo de simulação computacional para reaproveitamento de banners de lona
Authors: Simonetto Eugênio De Oliveira , Rodrigues Glauco Oliveira , Bender Carolina Schneider , Tocchetto Marta Regina Lopes , Sales Elijeane Dos Santos
Published: May 2019

Problemáticas ligadas ao descarte de resíduos, em geral, e principalmente no que tange àqueles que tem um grande impacto ambiental, como é o caso das lonas sintéticas dos banners, exigem a busca por soluções gerenciais, como por exemplo a reciclagem. Os banners apresentam inúmeras utilidades e tem seu uso facilitado pela versatilidade da mídia, sendo amplamente utilizados em eventos científicos e comerciais, porém, simultaneamente, após seu uso, transfere-se ao meio ambiente uma carga maior do que ele pode suportar.Neste artigo, analisou-se o Projeto RElona, que confecciona produtos utilizando a lona de banners que seriam descartados. Assim, concebeu-se uma modelagem computacional, utilizando dados de planilhas disponibilizadas por organizadores de dois eventos de uma IES do Rio Grande do Sul, além de documentos oficiais de empresas produtoras de banners, de forma a linearizar o comportamento do descarte de banners, apresentando aos decisores sugestões de novos produtos que podem ser gerados por meio do reaproveitamento. Foram gerados três cenários – atual, otimista e incerteza – como forma de definir estratégias robustas do presente. Como produtos, foram propostos o reaproveitamento de banner para geração de bolsas e produção de cases de IPAD. Em relação aos resultados, o cenário otimista foi superior em quase todos os aspectos, com exceção da variável referente à geração de resíduos, onde o cenário incerteza demonstrou-se com maior desempenho.
Análise Comparativa dos Clusters de Empresas de Tecnologia da Informação de São Paulo, Campinas e Recife
Authors: Araujo Veneziano De Castro , Costa Lopes Ana Laura
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo aprofundar nos estudo dos clusters de empresas do setor de Tecnologia da Informação (TI) avaliando comparativamente as regiões de São Paulo, Campinas e Recife. A comparação é feita pela revisão de estudos prévios e pela análise de dados sobre empresas e universidades locais. Ela se centra nos elementos constitutivos do cluster (empresas, universidade e governo) e nos seus benefícios (fornecedores especializados, trabalhadores qualificados e fluxos de conhecimento). A comparação permite destacar elementos comuns e particularidades. Entre as similaridades destacam-se a preponderância de pequenas e médias empresas do segmento de software, a presença de universidades de ponta e a dependência do financiamento público. Já entre as particularidades, evidencia-se a importância da indústria de hardware em Campinas, a maior coesão de Recife e o aprendizado pela relação cliente-produtor em São Paulo.
Políticas públicas de educação superior e desenvolvimento local: as transformações no município de Cachoeira/Ba após a implantação da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia.
Authors: Silva Jorge Antonio Santos , Silva Ozana Rebouças
Published: May 2019

Neste trabalho analisa-se a importância da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia -UFRB no processo de desenvolvimento do município de Cachoeira. A UFRB é fruto de política pública nacional para a expansão do ensino superior no país, e, ao se materializar nos espaços, promoveu transformações, adaptações e requalificações, com resultados às vezes diversos dos planejados pelos formuladores da política, principalmente quando se trata de pequenas e médias cidades. O trabalho se utilizou de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, eletrônica, visando compreender os reflexos da Universidade no município. Atualmente, as universidades exercem uma grande contribuição para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico, e a UFRB tem grande relevância no atual contexto de dinamização econômica de Cachoeira, de valorização da cultura local e de disseminação do conhecimento. Desta forma, o artigo traz novas possibilidades de reflexão e de entendimento sobre a função e a atuação da UFRB no Recôncavo e sua contribuição ao desenvolvimento local, considerando que é de interesse da sociedade e dos gestores alcançarem efetividade com as ações realizadas, trazendo benefícios sociais para um maior número de pessoas.
A fome na narrativa do semiárido das secas e o direito ao desenvolvimento
Authors: Silva Ângelo Magalhães , De Oliveira Janeson Vidal
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo faz uma análise sobre o fenômeno da fome enquanto traço socioeconômico na formação e imaginário do território do semiárido, e inserida no rol dos fatos que atentam contra os direitos humanos e fundamentais. Para a análise recorre-se a literatura didática, ficcional, e informações obtidas junto à Organização das Nações Unidas no tocante à alimentação e agricultura. Este recurso metodológico permitiu compreender como a fome e as condições de sua reprodução social se expressam diferentemente em territórios como Estados Unidos e África; e como a ausência de políticas públicas no semiárido brasileiro de combate à seca tornam-se fatores decisivos para sua reprodução territorial. Também delineamos aspectos ligados ao mercado e à construção do fenômeno em diversas bases, mostrando como a fome padeceu o semiárido e como continua padecendo em vários aspectos a região, apesar de já menos conflituosa com a abrangência da seca e, em decorrência disso, com a própria fome.
Movimentações envolvendo indígenas kaingang e imigrantes alemães em territórios da Bacia Hidrográfica do Caí
Authors: Laroque Luís Fernando da Silva , Machado Neli Teresinha Galarce , Vedoy Moisés Ilair Blum
Published: May 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o avanço da frente de expansão do Estado Nacional brasileiro e as movimentações envolvendo indígenas Kaingang e imigrantes alemães em territórios da Bacia hidrográfica do Caí. O avanço da frente de expansão do Estado Nacional brasileiro em direção ao planalto do Rio Grande do Sul a partir da ocupação de territórios da Bacia Hidrográfica do Caí, se fez através da instalação de imigrantes alemães. Este processo acarretou uma fronteira interétnica entre indígenas Kaingang e imigrantes alemães intensificando relações de aliança e conflito entre ambos os grupos. Considera-se que o território e suas distintas concepções foi um fator determinante na relação entre indígenas e imigrantes, tanto no âmbito dos conflitos como das movimentações. Por se tratar de um espaço de disputa entre as duas etnias, a gradual perda do território fez com que os Kaingang intensificassem suas movimentações e investidas guerreiras frente ao invasor seguindo a lógica cultural nativa, e aos imigrantes coube concretizar as movimentações estabelecidas pelo governo.
Linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica en trasplante renal
Authors: Nieto-Ríos John Fredy , Morales-Contreras Carol Lisbeth , Chacón-Jaimes Diana Carolina , Benavides-Henao Diego Armando , Bello-Márquez Diana Carolina , Serna-Higuita Lina Maria
Published: May 2019

La linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica (LHH) posterior al trasplante renal hace referencia a un estado hiperinflamatorio grave, asociado a la activación no controlada de los linfocitos T citotóxicos y macrófagos por causa infecciosas y/o secundaria al tratamiento inmunosupresor. Las causas más prevalentes dentro de las infecciones son la histoplasmosis, la tuberculosis y las infecciones por virus herpes. Se caracteriza por fiebre, organomegalias, citopenias, hiperferritinemia, hipertrigliceridemia y/o hipofibrinogenemia; puede acompañarse con hemofagocitosis documentada en la médula ósea, el hígado u otros órganos. Su curso puede ser fulminante con progresión a falla multisistémica y la muerte.El tratamiento va enfocado a controlar tempranamente la causa desencadenante, reducir la inmunosupresión y controlar la inflamación. En pocos casos es necesario el uso de otros inmunosupresores, quimioterapia o, en situaciones muy seleccionadas, se puede requerir el trasplante de médula ósea.