bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEGAL CHALLENGES FACED BY LOCAL MUSLIM ENTREPRENEURS IN FRANCHISE INDUSTRY
Authors: Hua Siong Wong , Yaacob Nurli
Published: October 2020

The Malaysian franchise industry continues to achieve healthy growth by contributing RM27 billion to the country’s gross domestic product (‘GDP’) in 2017 while the annual growth rate for 2018 is 9 percent. As of February 2019, 877 current domestic and international franchise brands are registered with the Malaysian authority. Before the enactment of the Franchise Act in 1998, franchising in Malaysia was generally governed by contractual principles. Since the enforcement of the Franchise Act 1998, Malaysia has been promoting the franchise industry extensively via government bodies, especially the Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs. Malaysia does not have a specific framework for Syariah compliant business which is suitable to the local Muslim entrepreneurs, especially in the franchise industry. In fact, Malaysia has vast opportunities in expanding its franchise industry through the amendment of the relevant legal framework. The objective of this article is to look into the legal challenges faced by the local Muslim entrepreneurs in the franchise industry and suggest some proposals on how to make the franchise business and industry Syariah friendly as in some circumstances the franchisors and franchisees are Muslims. This is a qualitative study that involves a systematic study of philosophical and academic views through literature. Therefore, this study is not an empirical study but rather a library study from various primary data sources such as Quran, Hadis, franchising agreement, and secondary data sources namely articles and journals from an online database. The study found that challenges faced by local Muslim entrepreneurs in the franchise industry in Malaysia include the issues of the prohibition against the same business, financial concern, and monopoly by the franchisor. As such, it is suggested that the need for a unique legal framework for Islamic franchising business in Malaysia in order to protect the local Muslim entrepreneurs.
PREDICTION MODEL OF AMMONIA CONCENTRATION IN YELLOW-FEATHER BROILERS HOUSE DURING WINTER BASED ON EEMD-GRU
Authors: Xu Zeying , Zou Xiuguo , Yin Zhengling , Zhang Shikai , Song Yuanyuan , Zhang Jie , Lu Jingxia
Published: October 2020

In winter, the poor ventilation conditions in broiler houses may lead to high ammonia concentration, which affects the health of yellow-feather broilers or even causes the death of many broilers. This research used a machine learning model to predict the ammonia concentration in a broiler house during winter. After analysis, it was found that the ammonia generation in the broiler house was a gradual accumulation featured by non-linear data. After the broilers entered the broiler house for several days, and the ammonia concentration reached a certain value, a ventilation system was used for regulating the concentration. Firstly, the back-propagation (BP) neural network model and gated recurrent unit (GRU) model were used for predicting the ammonia concentration, respectively. Then, ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) was performed on the time series data of ammonia concentration in the broiler house. After that, the EEMD-GRU prediction model has been established for the intrinsic mode function (IMF) components and the temperature and humidity data in the broiler house. Finally, all component results were summarized to obtain the final prediction result. A comparison was conducted among the prediction results obtained by the above three models. The results show that the root mean square errors of the above three models are 6.2 ppm, 4.4 ppm, and 2.4 ppm, respectively, and the average absolute errors were 4.9 ppm, 2.8 ppm, and 1.6 ppm, respectively. It could be seen that the EEMD-GRU model had higher accuracy in predicting the ammonia concentration in the broiler house. The EEMD-GRU model can effectively predict the ammonia concentration in broiler houses, facilitating the feedback to the central system for timely adjustment.
ANALISIS OPTIMALISASI FUNGSI PADA REDESAIN KANTOR KOMITE OLAHRAGA NASIONAL INDONESIA KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Maulana Yudhistira , Bahar Yudi Nugraha
Published: October 2020

Olahraga merupakan kegiatan olah fisik dan mental yang berfungsi meningkatkan karakter generasi muda dalam mengembangkan bakat untuk meraih prestasi, serta mengharumkan nama bangsa. Cabang-cabang olahraga dinaungi oleh Komite untuk lebih terorganisir dan berdaya saing. Mengembangkan suatu prestasi tidak hanya faktor manusianya tapi juga harus didukung oleh fungsi prasarana. Fungsi penting ini tidak dapat dilakukan oleh Lembaga pusat saja, tetapi juga dibantu oleh lembaga cabang di daerah seperti Kantor Komite Olahraga Nasional Indonesia (KONI) kota Bogor. Kondisi awal pada fungsi kantor KONI Bogor tidak mendukung pembinaan dan peningkatan prestasi para atlet, kinerja Wasit, Pelatih dan Manajer, guna mewujudkan prestasi keolahragaan nasional menuju prestasi internasional. Posisi dalam tapak, pemanfaatan ruang interior, prasarana pendukung dan kesan tampilan bangunan semuanya tidak lagi representatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, yakni penulis melakukan studi langsung ke lokasi objek guna mempelajari, dan mengumpulkan data. Data dan informasi kemudian dibuatkan konsep-konsep rancangan untuk dirumuskan solusi bangunannya. Olahan hasil dari proses analisis data, ditransformasikan menjadi sebuah konsep redesain. Hasil dari optimalisasi ini me-redesain beberapa fungsi kantor KONI kota Bogor berfokus pada ruang yang mengembangkan potensi dan bakat para atlet. Redesain pada kantor KONI kota bogor mengakomodasi fungsi dan efektifitas ruang untuk menambah kinerja para pengelola dan mencukupi kebutuhan atlet agar maksimal berprestasi.
BIOFILIA SEBAGAI KONSEP LINGKUNGAN BELAJAR PADA SMPN 3 DEPOK
Authors: Tohjiwa Agus Dharma
Published: October 2020

SMP Negeri 3 Depok merupakan salah satu sekolah di Kota Depok yang sudah menerapkan Kurikulum 2013 untuk menggunakan pendekatan sains dalam proses pembelajaran. Pendekatan ini mengembangkan mata pelajaran integrative science sebagai pendidikan berorientasi aplikatif dan membangun sikap peduli dan bertanggung jawab terhadap lingkungan alam. Sebagai usaha untuk mewujudkan kurikulum tersebut, konsep Biofilia diharapkan dapat membantu melalui pengaplikasian unsur-unsur alam di lingkungan SMP Negeri 3 Depok. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana penerapan konsep Biofilia pada SMP Negeri 3 Depok. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif tentang Biofilia dan atribut desainnya, hubungan langsung dengan alam, hubungan tidak langsung dengan alam, dan analisis penerapan konsep Biofilia pada SMP Negeri 3 Depok itu sendiri. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa SMP Negeri 3 Depok sudah menerapkan konsep Biofilia pada bangunan dan lingkungannya namun belum sepenuhnya karena ada beberapa atribut desain yang belum ada atau belum memadai.
Nonlinear analysis of lightweight aggregate concrete columns
Authors: Kołodziejczyk Ewelina , Waśniewski Tomasz
Published: October 2020

The paper presents a numerical analysis of deformability and load-bearing capacity of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) elements subjected to bending with axial force. The nonlinear material model of LWAC presented in Eurocode 2 (EC2) was assumed. Several different densities and compressive strengths of concrete were taken into account. The investigations included the comparison of the sectional capacity and the behaviour of slender elements made with normal and lightweight aggregate concrete. It was observed that density-dependent mechanical properties of concrete affect the obtained values of the maximum axial force and the bending moment despite the same mean compressive strength. In every case, the capacity of the RLWAC section was lower than the one of normal weight, which was caused by a linear characteristic of the LWAC. Other important factors were the modulus of elasticity and the ultimate strain of concrete. LWAC with the higher density and the lower ultimate strain gave greater stiffness to slender columns but reduced the cross-sectional capacity. It was concluded that the elastic modulus and the peak strain of LWAC which are applied in columns calculations should be verified experimentally.
Tests of bond between concrete and steel bars – literature background and program of own research
Authors: Burdziński Marcin , Niedostatkiewicz Maciej , Ziółkowski Patryk
Published: October 2020

This article deals with the issue of the bond between concrete and reinforcement. The bond is crucial for reinforced concrete elements because it is possible to transfer forces (stresses) from concrete to the reinforcement. Basic information related to the cooperation of concrete and rebars was recalled in the article. Selected issues concerning theoretical and numerical analysis as well as experiments of the bond phenomenon were presented. The article also proposes its own concept of experimental studies on the bond on two types of specimens: so-called short specimen and large specimen that will be subjected to pull-out tests. The described concept is ultimately to form the basis for creating a numerical model, enabling the simulation of bond in various reinforced concrete elements, calibrated based on the results of experimental studies.
Influence of the interface reinforcement on static performance of concrete composite T-shaped beams
Authors: Jabłoński Łukasz , Halicka Anna
Published: October 2020

The tests results of composite reinforced concrete T-shaped beams with an interface between the web and the flange are presented. The interface in the beams differed in the degree of the adhesion activity and the joining reinforcement ratio. Five series of beams were tested for deflection, displacement of composite parts in relation to each other, strain of main and transverse reinforcement, and crack pattern. The results were compared with the theoretical forces, at which interface cracks and achieves the bearing capacity, calculated in accordance with fib Model Code 2010.
EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES ON THE EFFICIENCY OF SOYBEAN INOCULATION WITH PESTICIDE-RESISTANT NODULE BACTERIA
Authors: Kukol К. P. , Vorobey N. A. , Pukhtaievych P. P. , Rybachenko L. I. , Yakymchuk R. Ya.
Published: October 2020

Objective. Evaluate the efficiency of soybean inoculation with pesticide-resistant nodule bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum under the influence of pre-sowing seed dressing with Maxym XL,Standak Top and Fever and preventive spraying of plants with the fungicide Akanto Plus. Methods. Physiological, microbiological, gas chromatographic, vegetation experiment, statistical.Results. The number and weight of nodules formed on soybean roots during the growing seasonunder the action of the prothioconazole-based fungicide Fever were reported to be lower comparedwith the control and other variants of experiment. Pesticides Maxym XL and Standak Top had a lesspronounced toxic effect on the formation of legume-rhizobial symbiosis with the participation offungicide-resistant B. japonicum B78 Tn5 mutant compared to Fever. A decrease in the level of N2assimilation by 10.9–41.1 % in the three-leaf phase was found with the combined use of seed pesticides and nodule bacteria included in the study, relative to the variant with inoculation only. However, during the growing season, the negative effect of fungicidal preparations on the functioning oflegume-rhizobial symbiosis decreased. Conclusion. Under the conditions of the model vegetationexperiment with the concomitant use of Standak Top and Fever and bacterization, a decrease in individual plant productivity by 7.0 and 14.1 %, respectively, has been reported. The complex actionof the pesticide Maxym XL and inoculation with pesticide-resistant B. japonicum B78 transposonmutant, contributed to the maximum increase in yield by 27.2 %. The obtained data confirm the expediency of selection of fungicides and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms for concomitant use to ensure high economic and protective effects.
Performance Analysis of ECG Arrhythmia Classification based on Different SVM Methods
Authors:   Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, West Bengal, India, Kuila Sumanta , Maity Sayandeep ,   Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657,West Bengal, India., Mal Suman Kumar ,   Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engineering , Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657,West Bengal, India., Joardar Subhankar ,   Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657,West Bengal, India.
Published: October 2020

Heart arrhythmias are the different types of heartbeats which are irregular in nature. In Tachycardia the heartbeat works too fast and in case of Bradycardia it works too slow. In the study of different cardiac conditions automatic detection of heart arrhythmia is done by the classification and feature extraction of Electrocardiogram(ECG) data. Various Support Vector Machine based methods are used to analyze and classify ECG signals for arrhythmia detection. There are several Support Vector Machine (SVM) methods used to classify the ECG data such as one against all, one against one and fuzzy decision function. This classification detects the existence of the arrhythmia and it helps the physicians to treat the heart patient with more accurate way. To train SVM, the MIT BIH Arrhythmia database is used which works with the heart disorder like sinus bradycardy, old inferior myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, right bundle branch block. All three methods are implemented in proper way, and their rate of accuracy with SVM classifier is optimal when it is processed with the one-against-all method. The data sets of ECG arrhythmia are usually complex in nature, so for the SVM based classification one-against-all method has great impact and will fetch better result.
Spatio-temporal Analysis of South Western States of Nigeria using Remote Sensing Techniques
Authors: Oseni A. E. , Ode G. O.
Published: October 2020

The south western states of Nigeria have witnessed urban growth over time and the effect of this is urban growth has resulted in loss of vegetation, waterbody, bare soil, mangroves and gain in built up area for residential and commercial purposes. This research utilizes Remote Sensing techniques in mapping of Land Use/Land Cover changes that has taken place in south western states of Nigeria between a period of 15 years from 2003 to 2018 at a five year interval using Multi temporal Landsat satellite images (MSS, TM, and ETM+).Using supervised classification algorithm, the images were classified into bare soil, built-up area, vegetation and water body, which was used to carry out change detection analysis or time series analysis. Change detection analyses were carried out on the imageries to obtain the physical expansion of the area due to various land use. Results obtained from the analysis of built-up area dynamics for fifteen years revealed that the states have been undergoing urban expansion processes at the detriment of other landcover. The expansion of the built-up area from the analysis shows that the urban center is spreading to adjoining non-built-up areas in all directions. The analysis and quantification of the spatial trend revealed that urban expansion patterns and developmental processes of the past trends and present trends can provide better understanding of the dynamics of spatial increase in built up area and guide for sustainable urban development planning for future urban growth.
Prediction of the Epidemic Strength of COVID-19 in the Holy Places of Saudi Arabia during the Forthcoming Hajj Season 2020
Authors: W Alheadary , MA Azim
Published: October 2020

The first outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in Saudi Arabia was reported on March 2nd, 2020. Every year more than 2 million people come from more than 188 countries to Saudi Arabia to perform pilgrimage (Hajj in Arabic). Therefore, extrapolating the epidemic strength during the Hajj season (end of July) in the holy places has become essential. In this paper, we employ the power of mathematical modeling to infer the epidemic intensity over a 300 days’ time span in Saudi Arabia generally and the Holy places specifically. In particular, we obtain the following epidemiological insights such as the number of infections, the daily infection increase, the expected number of death cases, and the epidemic peak. Results indicate that, the epidemic peak has already been reached in both Makka and Madina. In addition, the number of infections will reach its saturation point by the first week of October 2020 as the daily increase in the number of infections will diminish. This means that, Hajj can be conducted safely only by reducing the number of pilgrims and providing suitable sets of preventive and precautionary measures.
Caregiver Burden among Informal Caregivers of Rural Older Persons in Nepal
Authors: B Khanal , HN Chalise
Published: October 2020

Background: Today, people are living longer than ever before due to advances in education, technology, medicine, food distribution, and public health. Longevity has also resulted in a caregiving burden in the family living together. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the situation of the elderly caregiving burden in Nepal. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a rural area of Nepal. The total sample size for this study was 150 older persons 65 years and above. The caregiving burden was measured through the widely used scale Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). Results: Mean age of the care recipients (elderly) was 78.46 (±7.78) years and the mean age of the care provider was 46.6 (±46) years. The mean score of the caregiving burden was 12.89 (±5.7). The majority of the caregiver has reported little or no burden (88%), 10% mild to the moderate burden, 1.33% moderate to severe burden and only one respondent (0.67%) has reported severe burden. Marital status, ethnicity, religion, living arrangement, and functional limitations on activities on daily living were significant variables related to caregiving burden. Conclusion: This study shows the caregiving burden is quite low among Nepalese care providers living in a rural area. Given the growing number of elderly people, there is an urgent need to care for the wellbeing of dependent older people and their families.
The Effect of Career Placement and Development to Employee Performance
Authors: Yunanti Siska
Published: October 2020

Employee performance, in general, is an embodiment of work carried out by employees who are usually used as a basis or reference for evaluating employees in an organization. Good performance is a step towards achieving organizational goals, therefore, performance is also a deciding tool in achieving organizational goals so it needs to be strived to improve employee performance. This study aims to study the Placement and Career Development of employee performance at PT. Jakarta Prima Cranes in Jakarta. The method used is explanatory research with a sample of 53 respondents. The analysis technique uses statistical analysis with regression testing, evaluation, determination, and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate the significance of the company's performance of 48.2%, the hypothesis test obtained significance of 0,000 <0.05. Career Development has a significant effect on employee performance by 59.6%, hypothesis testing obtained significance of 0,000 <0.05. Career Placement and Development simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance by 56.3%, hypothesis testing obtained significance of 0,000 <0.05.
The Influence of Motivation on Employees Performance
Authors: Tasya Intan Anas , Gilang Alini
Published: October 2020

The role of human resources is crucial for the realization of the company's goals to find optimal profits. At this time, employees will be motivated if needs are met, if needs are met then job satisfaction will arise which will have a positive impact on the work needs of employees at the company. This study aims to study the work motivation of employees of PT. Taspen (Persero) Bandung Main Branch Office. The method used in this research is quantitative with a descriptive research type. Respondents in this study were 51 employees of PT. Taspen (Persero) Bandung Main Branch Office, sampling method Saturated sampling technique. Based on the results of research that shows motivation and performance at PT. Taspen (Persero) Bandung Main Branch Office is included in both categories. The results also showed motivation for employee performance. In addition, contributing motivation in contributing to employee performance by 33.8%. So the higher the motivation provided, the higher the employee's performance.
The Influence of Job Placement and Job Stress on Teacher Performance
Authors: Putri Frilly Angelina Kusuma
Published: October 2020

Improving employee performance is very important because it is a key factor in a company's success. Job placement and job stress are some of the factors that affect employee performance. This research aims to determine the influence of Job placement and job stress on the performance of study teachers at SDN 208 Luginasari Sukagalih. Job placements can nurture skilled human resources and amdal to accomplish a given task. This analysis uses an independent variable i.e. job placement and working stress, the dependencies of which are the teacher's performance. The population used in this study to collect data was nailed by using a questionnaire that was disseminated by ± 33 people. Statistical methods use path analysis with a partial statistical test (T) and simultaneous test hypothesis testing (test F). The results showed that Job placement and job work significantly impact the performance of teachers at SDN 208 Luginasari Sukagalih.
Dogma: ¿Desarrollo, mero proceso o cambio? Ejemplos históricos que hacen pensar
Authors: Polanco Rodrigo
Published: October 2020

El artículo quiere ser
un aporte a la discusión –muy actual–
acerca de la posibilidad y existencia de “modificaciones” en lo que se
conoce como dogma, a lo largo de
la historia. El objetivo es mostrar, a
partir de siete ejemplos históricos
concretos, que corresponden a distintos aspectos y a distintas épocas
del desarrollo dogmático católico,
que el tema tiene muchos aspectos
que no siempre se han tomado lo
suficientemente en cuenta al profundizar en este argumento. Uno
podría leer algunos procesos dogmáticos como eventos que estarían
evidenciando algunas reformulaciones, u obstáculos que detienen un
desarrollo, o silencios, retrocesos,
empobrecimientos, redescubrimientos, correcciones o demoras
Karl Löwith y la Naturalidad del ser humano. Análisis y problemática de un modelo hermenéutico de la antropología filosófica contemporánea
Authors: Cabiedas Tejero Juan Manuel
Published: October 2020

Este ensayo se propone una lectura sintética y crítica
de la trayectoria de la cuestión antropológica en Karl Löwith (1897-1973),
desde su trabajo de habilitación para
la docencia (Das Individuum in der
Rolle des Mitmenschen, 1928) hasta
sus ensayos de impronta naturalista
escritos a lo largo de las décadas de
los años 50 y 60. El autor parte de
una crítica del subjetivismo idealista
al que se arriesga la fenomenología,
para construir una figura más autentica de la complejidad relacional del
sujeto como vínculo radical de yotú-historia-naturaleza-mundo. Esta
consideración completa la recepción
básica que se ha brindado prácticamente hasta ahora al pensamiento
de Karl Löwith en el mundo de habla
hispana, como intérprete crítico del
devenir de la filosofía alemana del
siglo XIX.
El diaconado permanente en el debate actual. Una visión desde la teología y la práctica
Authors: Ludwig Eduardo , Blanco Sarto Pablo
Published: October 2020

Tras ser restaurado
en el Vaticano II, urge entender cuáles son sus funciones propias. Los
autores analizados en este estudio
coinciden en que el diaconado se basa
de igual manera en los tres pilares
de la Liturgia, la Palabra y la Caridad
(E. Sander, C. Wessely, S. del Cura,
E. Petrolino, A. Ivorra). Tanto B. Elbs
como C. Wessely destacan la importancia de trabajar con los pobres
del mundo industrializado del siglo
XXI. La jerarquía es entendida como
triangular, en la que el obispo como
cabeza tiene sus colaboradores en
función del grado del sacramento que
han recibido. El diácono permanente
está llamado non ad sacerdotium sed
ad ministerium (LG 29) episcopi. Su
lugar eclesial y eclesiológico queda
claro y, sin embargo, quedan todavía
muchas dudas, críticas y actitudes de
desconfianza hacia el diaconado. Por
ello analizamos algunas publicaciones recientes, así como experiencias
concretas de otro
Organización básica interna de los Obispados Españoles (s. XII-S. XIX)
Authors: Baucells Reig Josep
Published: October 2020

Para la gestión de los asuntos diocesanos, el obispo ha contado desde antiguo
con clérigos que le han auxiliado en dicha tarea. A pesar de no ser absolutamente
idéntica la organización de las distintas diócesis, si podemos encontrar muchos elementos comunes a todas ellas. Este artículo pretende hacer un breve recorrido por la
historia de las diócesis españolas para comprobar cuál era su organización interna,
desde la Baja Edad Media hasta 1851 en que se impuso una normativa común única
para todos los obispados sujetos al gobierno español
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND INTER-GROUP BEHAVIOUR IN GUARANTY TRUST BANK IN NIGERIA
Authors: Worluchem Ayodele  , B. Chima Onuoha  , Best C. Eke
Published: October 2020

The study empirically investigates organizational culture and inter-group behaviour in Guaranty trust bank in Nigeria. Primary data was used for the study and the data for analysis was gotten through questionnaire. The questionnaire was issued to the staff of Guarantee Trust Bank in Rivers State. The data was analyzed with the use of Chi-square in other to measure the discrepancies existing between the observed and expected frequency and to proof the level of significance in testing stated hypotheses. From the result of the study, it was discovered that organizational culture has significant influence on inter-group behaviour. Therefore, the study recommends that Guarantee Trust Bank should encourage new entrants to get internalize first with the bank’s culture to know whether they can cope with them or not. Additionally, organizations should provide adequate motivational factors like housing allowance, car loan, holiday allowance, health allowance, etc.
Konstrukcja białoruskich cymbałów. Historia – ewolucja – perspektywy
Authors: Porakh Aleksandr
Published: October 2020

Od początku XX wieku w Białoruskiej Socjalistycznej Republice Radzieckiej zaczęła się kształtować akademicka szkoła gry na cymbałach. Ludowy instrument został poddany licznym modernizacjom, aby sprostać wymogom powszechnego systemu muzyki europejskiej opartego o skalę chromatyczną. Powstała unikatowa odmiana instrumentu – cymbały akademickie.

            Tematyka białoruskich cymbałów jest niewystarczająco znana wśród polskich czytelników. Pewne informacje dotyczące historii i budowy instrumentu można znaleźć w książkach Piotra Dahliga Cymbaliści w kulturze polskiej i Edwarda Mojsaka Szkoła gry na cymbałach. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą bliższego przedstawia historii  rozwoju konstrukcji cymbałów na Białorusi.

            Praca jest napisana w oparciu o literaturę białoruską i rosyjską. W artykule zostały zdefiniowane pojęcia i koncepcje takie jak instrument narodowy i jego akademizacja. Można je spotkać w dotychczasowych opracowaniach naukowych.

            Historia akademizacji instrumentów narodowych sięga XIX wieku i jest związana z postacią  Wasilija Andriejewa. Jego działalności zawdzięczamy modernizację bałałajki i wprowadzenie tego instrumentu na światową scenę.

            W oparciu o doświadczenie Wasilija Andriejewa i jego następców w 1927 roku dokonano modernizacji białoruskich ludowych cymbałów. W projekcie uczestniczyli: cymbalista Josif Żynowicz, lutnik Konstantyn Suszkiewicz oraz instrumentalista, kompozytor i dyrygent Dmitrij Zachar. Budowa wewnętrzna instrumentu była zmodyfikowana na podstawie akustycznych badań naukowych. Konstruktorzy poszerzyli zakres dźwiękowy instrumentu do trzech oktaw i wprowadzili skalę chromatyczną. Zmieniono formę pałeczek-młoteczków. Zostały wprowadzone orkiestrowe odmiany cymbałów: pryma, alt, tenor, bas i kontrabas. Szczegóły tych zmian wraz z ilustracjami są przedstawione w kolejnej części artykułu.

            W związku z rosnącym profesjonalizmem cymbalistów budowa instrumentu wymaga rewizji i udoskonalenia również w czasach obecnych. Od momentu zamknięcia w 2006 roku fabryki w Borysowie produkcją białoruskich cymbałów zajmują się wyłącznie lutnicy. Każdy lutnik oferuje rozwiązania w oparciu o własne doświadczenia i upodobania. Sukcesy białoruskich instrumentalistów przyczyniły się do wzrostu zainteresowania białoruskimi cymbałami za granicą. W artykule zostały omówione konstrukcje instrumentów takich lutników jak: Aleksandr Proćko (Białoruś), Taras Baran (Ukraina), Marc Ramser (Szwajcaria).

            Porównanie poszczególnych modeli cymbałów stworzonych przez lutników pozwala wysunąć przypuszczenie, że konstrukcja białoruskich cymbałów może rozwijać się w następujących kierunkach: rozszerzenie górnego rejestru, rozszerzenie dolnego rejestru, wprowadzenie mechanizmu tłumienia strun. Można jednak stwierdzić, że ostateczna weryfikacja tych innowacji należy do instrumentalisty-wykonawcy.
Sociedades hidraúlicas en los Andes
Authors: Gelles H. Paul
Published: October 2020

"...en aquellos trabajos de utilidad colectiva... se hacía indispensable la cooperación de los diferentes elementos aislados... la necesidad material de poseer productos  naturales alimenticios, que aseguraran su bienestar y prosperidad, hizo que construyeran por acción cooperativa obras verdaderamente estupendas, entre las cuales debe considerarse en primer lugar los anales y represas de irrigación, que surcaron en territorio en extensiones considerables, y que llevaron las aguas en extensiones considerables, y que llevaron el territorio en extensiones considerables, y que llevaron las aguas a lugares tan inaccesibles que difícil es concebir que hayan sido alguna vez realizadas" (Tello y Miranda 1923).
Sistemas de riego y organización social en el Valle del Colca
Authors: Valderrama Fernández Ricardo , Escalante Gutiérrez Carmen
Published: October 2020

Until today, little importance has been given to the hydraulic systems of the Andean communities; however, the few studies on this subject show the importance of irrigation of similar characteristics that occur throughout different irrigation farming communities in the Cisandina area. These studies (Mitchell, 1981; Shaedel, 1983; Fonseca, 1983) draw attention to the rational use of irrigation water, according to the ecology of these communities, through which farmers try to optimize their production. Another group of works (Arguedas, 1968; Ossio, 1976; Sherbondy, 1982, 1983) has paid attention to the "festive ceremonies of the cult of water" that are practiced in various Andean communities, in which there is agriculture with irrigation, under different conditions. names "Water Festival or Yaku Raymi", "Clean Acequias or Yarqa Aspiy", "Champerías", etc.; which constitute "one of the most obvious expressions of the impact that irrigation has had on the Andean social organization" (Gelles, 1984:1), for which they have called the attention of several Peruvian and foreign scholars.
El agua y el festival de primavera entre los atacameños
Authors: Barthel Thomas S.
Published: October 2020

En los lugares más remotos del interior de la provincia de Antofagasta, las antiguas costumbres y tradiciones de los atacameños han sido conservadas hasta épocas recientes. Se tuvo conocimiento de la persistencia de etas tradiciones en 1949 durante la visita que hizo el oasis Peine y la Dra. Greta Mostny. En mayo de 1957 tuve la oportunidad de ser investigador visitante en la Universidad de Chile. Pasé dos semanas en el pueblo de Socaire, acompañado por dos asistentes del Centro de Estudios Antropológicos, los señores A. Medina y G. Minuzaga, con el objeto de ampliar la investigación. Socaire se encuentra al este del Salar de Atacama, a una altura de 3500 mts. sobre el nivel del mar.
Oxytocin Promotes C6 Glial Cell Death and Aggravates Hydrogen Peroxide-induced Oxidative Stress
Authors: Taskiran Ahmet Sevki , Ergul Merve
Published: October 2020

Background. Recent studies have shown that oxytocin plays a vital role in neurons and glial cells. However, its effect on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress as well as cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 in glial cells are still unclear.
Objective. This study aims to examine the effect of oxytocin on glial cell viability, oxidative stress, COX-1, and COX-2 in C6 glial cells after exposure to H2O2.
Methods. In this study, C6 glioma cell line was used to study the effect of oxytocin on the glial cell in four cell groups. The control group was untreated. Cells in the H2O2 group were treated with 0.5 mM H2O2 for 24 h. Cells in the oxytocin group were treated with various concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 μg/mL) of oxytocin for 24 h. Cells in the oxytocin+H2O2 group were pre-treated with various concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 μg/mL) of oxytocin for 1 h before 24-h exposure to 0.5 mM H2O2. Cell viability was evaluated using XTT assay. Total antioxidant status and total oxidant status (TOS), COX-1, and COX-2 levels in the cells were measured by commercial kits.
Results. Oxytocin with various concentrations significantly decreased the viability of C6 cells after H2O2-induced oxidative stress (P < 0.01). It also significantly increased the levels of TOS, COX-1, and COX-2 in C6 cells after H2O2-induced oxidative stress (P < 0.001).
Conclusion. Oxytocin increases glial cell death after H2O2-induced oxidative damage in C6 cells, along with upregulation of COX-1 and COX-2 levels.
Millieu Therapy Metode Kreasi Seni Modifikasi Lingkungan Terhadap Tingkat Harga Diri Remaja
Authors: Linda Yani Athi , Retnowuni Arifa
Published: October 2020

Adolescence is a transition period between childhood and adulthood. Massive changes from childhood to adulthood are common at ages 13 to 20 years. Previous research discusses the difficulties of social interaction with peers, social relationships with groups, and difficulty communicating with a social new environment. Some students expressed stress with the number of Islamic boarding school rules, controlled and far from parents. At the same time, 32% of people agreed that they were not confident, sad, anxious, afraid of intimidation, and decreased learning enthusiasm. People who looked down on trust would have an external and internal impact.  The external consequence is difficulty reaching academic achievement and social relations. The internal consequence is difficulty reaching internal self-concept, unclear, complicated, uncertain self goals, and pessimistic in the future challenge. This study aimed to know the level of self-esteem of students after being given milieu therapy with environmental modification art creation. The study design uses pre-experimental with pre-post test design of one group. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. Samples were taken as many as 24 respondents and divided into 4 groups of 6 people in each group. The intervention was given for 3 weeks. In this study, measuring instruments used a questionnaire using Rosenberg and data analysis using the Wilcoxon test signed a ranking test. The statistical analysis showed the results of p = 0.030 <α. There was a milieu effect of therapeutic methods of environmental modification art creation on students' level of self-esteem living in the dormitory. Milieu therapy can increase awareness and self-confidence between peers with the approval of self-confidence and commitments agreed between friends.
Karateristik Distribusi Frekuensi Ibu Pascamelahirkan dengan Kejadian Postpartum Blues Bandar Lampung 2019
Authors: Octarianingsih Fonda , Ladyani Festy , Pramesti Woro , Fathin Nabilah Nahlah
Published: October 2020

Postpartum blues is a mood felt by women after childbirth, which lasted for 3-6 days in the first 14 days postpartum, which is related to the baby's feelings (Mansur, 2009: 156). Objective: This study aimed to determine the distribution frequency of postpartum mothers with postpartum blues case in Puskesmas Kemiling and midwife clinic in sub-district of Kemiling, Bandar Lampung Midwife Sub-district Practices in Bandar Lampung. This study also aimed to know the characteristics of postpartum maternal frequency distribution with postpartum blues incidents in the Puskesmas Inpatient Center and Midwife Practices in Bandar Lampung sub-district. The type of research used in this study was quantitative descriptive. The sample used at least 30 postpartum mothers in Puskesmas Kemiling and midwife clinics in Kemiling. The results of research conducted in Puskesmas Kemiling and midwife clinics Kemiling Bandar Lampung for the frequency distribution of the postpartum blues cases, it is found that mothers who experienced postpartum blues were about 6 respondents (14,6%) and mothers who did not experience postpartum blues were about 35 respondents (85,4%). It is known that from 41 postpartum mothers, most of them did not experience postpartum blues. The postpartum blues cases in Puskesmas Kemiling and midwife clinics Kemiling were at 14,6%. Most of respondents were aged 21-35 years old, multiparous, vaginal, low education, work, income above regional minimum wage.
Korelasi Jumlah CD4 Pasien Yang Diberi Isoniazid Dengan Ko-infeksi TB Pada Pasien HIV/AIDS
Authors: Niken Ayu Farida Salim  , Zulfian  , Fitriyani Hasbie Neno , Effendi Arif
Published: October 2020

The interaction between TB and HIV infection is complex. In HIV-infected individuals, this situation will decrease the immune system and increase vulnerability to TB incidence. HIV causes reactivation, reinfection, and progression of latent TB infection to active tuberculosis. It also led to differences in the clinical presentation of TB in HIV patients, complications, and response to anti-TB treatment than in HIV negative patients. The purpose of this study To Know Correlation CD4 counts in patients with HIV / AIDS in hospitals Dr.H. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province 2018. Research methods: cross-sectional approach, in which several variables tested in this research object data got from the medical record. Analysis of the data used is the Mann-Whitney statistical test. Research The total sample of 160 medical records of patients seen that the Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) is 0,000. Half of this significance value ½ (0.000) is <0.05. It can be concluded that reject H0 and Ha accepted, which implies a significant difference in CD4 cell counts in patients given isoniazid as TB prevention with patients TB co-infection. With all forces, correlation means that their relationship CD4 cell counts in patients given isoniazid to prevent TB and TB co-infection. There is a significant relationship between CD4 cell count in patients who given isoniazid for the prevention of TB and TB co-infection in HIV / AIDS patients in hospitals Dr.H. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province 2018.
THE EFFECT OF HYDROPONIC NUTRITION LEVELS ON THE GROWTH OF MUSTARD (BRASSICA SP.) PLANTS
Authors: Basri Arie Hapsani Hasan , Mahmudah Mahmudah
Published: October 2020

The main roles of plant growth was nutrition. This research aims to determine the concentration of nutrients that can provide the best growth and yield on various mustard. The research method  used is a factorial Complete Randomized Design (RBD) with three replications and then analyzed using the Least Significant Difference test (LSD) at a level of 5%. The treatment of vegetable types is as follows: S1 = mustard pakchoy, S2 = mustard samhong, S3 = mustard pagoda, S4 = mustard pakchoy mini. Treatment with nutrition is the AB mix fertilizerzs number of leaves solution as follows: N1 = 1000 ppm, N2 = 1200 ppm, N3 = 1400 ppm, N4 = 1600 ppm, N5 = 1800 ppm. The results showed that plant height, number of leaves, leaf width and wet weight of the pagoda and mini pakchoy plants were not significantly different at 1000 ppm, 1200 ppm, 1400 ppm, 1600 ppm and 1800 ppm. Number of leaves of pakchoy significantly different at 1400 ppm. While the number of leaves and leaf width of samhong plants were not significantly different at each treatment, but were significantly different from plant height at 1600 ppm and significantly different from the wet weight at 1400 ppm
The UKF Based Approach to Improving Attitude and Position of Quadcopter Through Autonomous and Non-Autonomous Flight
Authors: Abdulkareem Ahmed , Jasim Basil , Raafat Safanah
Published: October 2020

The gyroscope and accelerometer are the basic sensors used by most Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) like quadcopter to control itself. In this paper, the fault detection of measured angular and linear states by gyroscope and accelerometer sensors are present. Uncertainties in measurement and physical sensors itself are the main reasons that lead to generate noise and cause the fault in measured states. Most previous solutions are process angular or linear states to improving the performance of quadcopter. Also, in most of the previous solutions, KF and EKF filters are used, which are inefficient in dealing with high nonlinearity systems such as quadcopter. The proposed algorithm is developed by the robust nonlinear filter, Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF), as an angular and linear estimation filter. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient to decrease the effect of sensors noise and estimate accurate angular and linear states. Also, improving the stability and performance properties of the quadcopter. In addition, the new algorithm leads to increasing the range of nonlinearity movements that quadcopter can perform it.
A Case Report on Pneumonic Pasteurellosis in Goats at Organized Farm of Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Jatav G.P. , Shrivastava Nidhi , Jayraw A.K. , Shakya M. , Shukla S. , Audarya S.D.
Published: October 2020

An outbreak of pasteurellosis in goats was investigated at an organized goat farm from Nimar region of Madhya Pradesh. The farm visited to investigate the cause of deaths in goats which exhibited the signs like dullness, lethargy, high fever, dyspnea and profuse salivation and death. Post-mortem examination revealed lesions like haemorrhagic tracheitis, lung emphysema, pin point haemorrhages on myocardial surface, congestion in abomasum, small intestine with pin point haemorrhages, oedematous mesenteric lymph nodes and friable liver. Blood smear examination of morbid goats revealed presence of Pasteurella multocida. Hence, therapeutic management with oxytetracycline resulted in recovery of infected animals
A Smart Way of Monitoring Health Using IOT-A Study
Authors: N Pratheksha Rai
Published: October 2020

Health is the important key for any living. The monitoring of one’s health is so important in today’s busy world ,that most of the people run out of time when they get to know the disease, which actually is not fatal. Smart Health Monitoring system gives you a track of your health, making your work easier to know the data of your health without running every time to hospital. This paper is a study about Smart health Monitoring system using Internet of things (IOT).Internet of things plays An very prominent role in wide range of healthcare applications and it also serves as a catalyst for the healthcare. Smart devices and wireless sensor networks are used here for the analysis of different health parameters in real-time.
İNFERTİLİTE VE UYKU KALİTESİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: KIRCA Nurcan , ÖNGEN Meryem
Published: October 2020

Uyku fiziksel ve zihinsel fonksiyonların iyileştirilmesinde önemli etkileri olan fizyolojik bir süreçtir. İnsan yaşamının üçte birini kapsayan bu karmaşık fizyolojik süreç, dolaşım, solunum, kas-iskelet ve merkezi sinir sistemi birçok sistemin sağlıklı bir şekilde işlemesinde önemli bir role sahiptir. Bireylerin sağlığını etkilediği gibi yaşam kalitelerini de etkileyen önemli bir olaydır. Uyku kalitesi ise bireylerin kendilerini zihinsel ve bedensel olarak iyi hissetmesidir. Uyku kalitesi kronik hastalık varlığı, stres, yaşam stili, çevresel faktörler, ekonomik durum, iş ve sosyal yaşam gibi birçok faktörden etkilenmektedir. Özellikle psikolojik stres ve uyku sorunları birbirleriyle çift yönlü bir ilişkiye sahiptir. Stres faktörleri uyku kalitesini etkilerken, uyku kalitesinin düşük olması da psikolojik semptomları kötüleştirebilir. İnfertilite tanı ve tedavi sürecinde uyku sorunlarının meydana geldiği yapılan çalışmalar ile gösterilmiştir. Bu sürecin getirdiği psikolojik sıkıntılar ve stres nedeniyle uyku süresinde kısalma, uyku verimliliğinde azalma ve uykunun sık sık bölünmesi gibi sorunlar meydana gelmektedir. Ancak yapılan çalışmalarda infertil bireylerde somatik semptomlar ve psikolojik sıkıntılara değinilmiş olsa da uyku sorunları yeteri kadar incelenmemiş bir konudur. Bu derlemenin amacı infertil bireylerde tanı ve tedavi sürecinin uyku kalitesine olan etkilerini incelemek ve infertilite ünitelerinde çalışan hemşirelerin ve diğer sağlık profesyonellerinin bu konudaki farkındalıklarının artmasını sağlamaktır.
Measuring the Stellar Population Parameters of the Early-type Galaxy NGC 3923: The Challenging Measurement of the Initial Mass Function*
Authors: Feldmeier-Krause A. , Lonoce I. , Freedman W. L.
Published: October 2020

Recent studies of early-type galaxies have suggested that the initial mass function (IMF) slope is bottom-heavy; that is, they contain a larger fraction of low-mass stars than the Milky Way. However, measurements of the IMF remain challenging in unresolved galaxies because features in their observed spectra are sensitive to a number of factors, including the stellar age, metallicity, and elemental abundances, in addition to the IMF. In this paper, we use new high signal-to-noise IMACS (Magellan) spectra to study the elliptical shell galaxy NGC 3923 at optical (3700–6600 Å) and near-infrared (7900–8500 Å) wavelengths, as a function of radius. We have undertaken a number of independent approaches to better understand the uncertainties in our results. (1) We compare two different stellar population model libraries; (2) we undertake spectral index fitting as well as full spectral fitting; (3) we have performed simulations for which we a priori know the input IMF and that closely match our data; (4) we also investigate the effects of including a two-component rather than a single stellar population. We show that our results are sensitive to the assumptions we make and to the methods we use. In addition, we evaluate the accuracy and precision of our results based on simulated mock data. We find some indication (although assumption dependent) for a bottom-heavy IMF in the mass range 0.5–1.0 M
⊙, while the IMF in the mass range 0.08–0.5 M
⊙ appears to be Milky Way–like and constant. Including near-infrared data in our analysis gives consistent results and improves the precision.