bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a Standardized Ginger Extract on Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea-Related Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Moderately or Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy: A Double Blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Trial
Authors: Marx Wolfgang , McCarthy Alexandra , Ried Karin , McKavanagh Dan , Vitetta Luis , Sali Avni , Lohning Anna , Isenring Elisabeth
Published: August 2017

Ginger supplementation could be an effective adjuvant treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea (CIN). The aim of this clinical trial was to address significant methodological limitations in previous trials. Patients (N = 51) were randomly allocated to receive either 1.2 g of standardised ginger extract or placebo per day, in addition to standard anti-emetic therapy, during the first three cycles of chemotherapy. The primary outcome was CIN-related quality of life (QoL) measured with the Functional Living Index- Emesis (FLIE) questionnaire. Secondary outcomes included acute and delayed nausea, vomiting, and retching as well as cancer-related fatigue, nutritional status, and CIN and vomiting-specific prognostic factors. Over three consecutive chemotherapy cycles, nausea was more prevalent than vomiting (47% vs. 12%). In chemotherapy Cycle 1, intervention participants reported significantly better QoL related to CIN (p = 0.029), chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV)-related QoL (p = 0.043), global QoL (p = 0.015) and less fatigue (p = 0.006) than placebo participants. There were no significant results in Cycle 2. In Cycle 3, global QoL (p = 0.040) and fatigue (p = 0.013) were significantly better in the intervention group compared to placebo. This trial suggests adjuvant ginger supplementation is associated with better chemotherapy-induced nausea-related quality of life and less cancer-related fatigue, with no difference in adverse effects compared to placebo.
Dietary Propolis Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis and Modulates the Gut Microbiota in Rats Fed a Western Diet
Authors: Wang Kai , Jin Xiaolu , You Mengmeng , Tian Wenli , Leu Richard , Topping David , Conlon Michael , Wu Liming , Hu Fuliang
Published: August 2017

Propolis is an important hive product and considered beneficial to health. However, evidence of its potential for improving gut health is still lacking. Here we use rats to examine whether dietary supplementation with propolis could be used as a therapy for ulcerative colitis. Rats were fed with a Western style diet alone (controls) or supplemented with different amounts of Chinese propolis (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%) to examine effects on acute colitis induced by 3% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) in drinking water. Propolis at 0.3%, but not lower levels, significantly improved colitis symptoms compared with the control group, with a less pronounced disease activity index (DAI) (p < 0.001), a significant increase in colon length/weight ratio (p < 0.05) and an improved distal colon tissue structure as assessed by histology. Although short chain fatty acid levels in digesta were not altered by propolis supplementation, 16S rRNA phylogenetic sequencing revealed a significant increase in gut microbial diversity after 21 days of 0.3% propolis supplementation compared with controls including a significant increase in bacteria belonging to the Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria phyla. This is the first study to demonstrate that propolis can attenuate DSS-induced colitis and provides new insight into diet-microbiota interactions during inflammatory bowel disease.
Waveguide Plasmon Resonance of Arrayed Metallic Nanostructures Patterned on a Soft Substrate by Direct Contact Printing Lithography
Authors: Su Wei-Xiang , Wu Chun-Ying , Lee Yung-Chun
Published: August 2017

This paper presents a direct contact printing method to obtain arrayed metallic nanostructures on a soft polymer substrate. It utilizes a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold replicated from silicon molds to transfer metallic nanopatterns onto a polymer substrate based on differences in interfacial bonding energy. Arrayed metallic nanodisks with a disk diameter down to 180 nm and a center-to-center pitch around 400 nm are experimentally patterned on a PET substrate. The patterned metallic nanostructures are then spin-coated with a polymer layer; which mechanically secures the patterned nanostructures and optically allows waveguide plasmon resonance being excited by incident EM waves. Both experimental works and theoretical modeling are given to illustrate the behaviors of different types of plasmon resonance. These arrayed metallic nanostructures patterned on a soft polymer substrate and their tunable optical characteristics open up many possibilities in future engineering applications.
Conformal Prediction Based on K-Nearest Neighbors for Discrimination of Ginsengs by a Home-Made Electronic Nose
Authors: Wang Zhan , Sun Xiyang , Miao Jiacheng , Wang You , Luo Zhiyuan , Li Guang
Published: August 2017

An estimate on the reliability of prediction in the applications of electronic nose is essential, which has not been paid enough attention. An algorithm framework called conformal prediction is introduced in this work for discriminating different kinds of ginsengs with a home-made electronic nose instrument. Nonconformity measure based on k-nearest neighbors (KNN) is implemented separately as underlying algorithm of conformal prediction. In offline mode, the conformal predictor achieves a classification rate of 84.44% based on 1NN and 80.63% based on 3NN, which is better than that of simple KNN. In addition, it provides an estimate of reliability for each prediction. In online mode, the validity of predictions is guaranteed, which means that the error rate of region predictions never exceeds the significance level set by a user. The potential of this framework for detecting borderline examples and outliers in the application of E-nose is also investigated. The result shows that conformal prediction is a promising framework for the application of electronic nose to make predictions with reliability and validity.
On Brane Solutions with Intersection Rules Related to Lie Algebras
Authors: Ivashchuk Vladimir D.
Published: August 2017

The review is devoted to exact solutions with hidden symmetries arising in a multidimensional gravitational model containing scalar fields and antisymmetric forms. These solutions are defined on a manifold of the form M = M0 x M1 x . . . x Mn , where all Mi with i >= 1 are fixed Einstein (e.g., Ricci-flat) spaces. We consider a warped product metric on M. Here, M0 is a base manifold, and all scale factors (of the warped product), scalar fields and potentials for monomial forms are functions on M0 . The monomial forms (of the electric or magnetic type) appear in the so-called composite brane ansatz for fields of forms. Under certain restrictions on branes, the sigma-model approach for the solutions to field equations was derived in earlier publications with V.N.Melnikov. The sigma model is defined on the manifold M0 of dimension d0 ≠ 2 . By using the sigma-model approach, several classes of exact solutions, e.g., solutions with harmonic functions, S-brane, black brane and fluxbrane solutions, are obtained. For d0 = 1 , the solutions are governed by moduli functions that obey Toda-like equations. For certain brane intersections related to Lie algebras of finite rank—non-singular Kac–Moody (KM) algebras—the moduli functions are governed by Toda equations corresponding to these algebras. For finite-dimensional semi-simple Lie algebras, the Toda equations are integrable, and for black brane and fluxbrane configurations, they give rise to polynomial moduli functions. Some examples of solutions, e.g., corresponding to finite dimensional semi-simple Lie algebras, hyperbolic KM algebras: H2(q, q) , AE3, HA(1)2, E10 and Lorentzian KM algebra P10 , are presented.
Lengths of the C-Terminus and Interconnecting Loops Impact Stability of Spider-Derived Gating Modifier Toxins
Authors: Agwa Akello , Huang Yen-Hua , Craik David , Henriques Sónia , Schroeder Christina
Published: August 2017

Spider gating modifier toxins (GMTs) are potent modulators of voltage-gated ion channels and have thus attracted attention as drug leads for several pathophysiological conditions. GMTs contain three disulfide bonds organized in an inhibitory cystine knot, which putatively confers them with high stability; however, thus far, there has not been a focused study to establish the stability of GMTs in physiological conditions. We examined the resistance of five GMTs including GpTx-1, HnTx-IV, HwTx-IV, PaurTx-3 and SgTx-1, to pH, thermal and proteolytic degradation. The peptides were stable under physiological conditions, except SgTx-1, which was susceptible to proteolysis, probably due to a longer C-terminus compared to the other peptides. In non-physiological conditions, the five peptides withstood chaotropic degradation, and all but SgTx-1 remained intact after prolonged exposure to high temperature; however, the peptides were degraded in strongly alkaline solutions. GpTx-1 and PaurTx-3 were more resistant to basic hydrolysis than HnTx-IV, HwTx-IV and SgTx-1, probably because a shorter interconnecting loop 3 on GpTx-1 and PaurTx-3 may stabilize interactions between the C-terminus and the hydrophobic patch. Here, we establish that most GMTs are exceptionally stable, and propose that, in the design of GMT-based therapeutics, stability can be enhanced by optimizing the C-terminus in terms of length, and increased interactions with the hydrophobic patch.
Inhibitors of Deubiquitinating Enzymes Block HIV-1 Replication and Augment the Presentation of Gag-Derived MHC-I Epitopes
Authors: Setz Christian , Friedrich Melanie , Rauch Pia , Fraedrich Kirsten , Matthaei Alina , Traxdorf Maximilian , Schubert Ulrich
Published: August 2017

In recent years it has been well established that two major constituent parts of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS)—the proteasome holoenzymes and a number of ubiquitin ligases—play a crucial role, not only in virus replication but also in the regulation of the immunogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). However, the role in HIV-1 replication of the third major component, the deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), has remained largely unknown. In this study, we show that the DUB-inhibitors (DIs) P22077 and PR-619, specific for the DUBs USP7 and USP47, impair Gag processing and thereby reduce the infectivity of released virions without affecting viral protease activity. Furthermore, the replication capacity of X4- and R5-tropic HIV-1NL4-3 in human lymphatic tissue is decreased upon treatment with these inhibitors without affecting cell viability. Most strikingly, combinatory treatment with DIs and proteasome inhibitors synergistically blocks virus replication at concentrations where mono-treatment was ineffective, indicating that DIs can boost the therapeutic effect of proteasome inhibitors. In addition, P22077 and PR-619 increase the polyubiquitination of Gag and thus its entry into the UPS and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I pathway. In summary, our data point towards a model in which specific inhibitors of DUBs not only interfere with virus spread but also increase the immune recognition of HIV-1 expressing cells.
Influenza Virus Infection, Interferon Response, Viral Counter-Response, and Apoptosis
Authors: Shim Jung , Kim Jinhee , Tenson Tanel , Min Ji-Young , Kainov Denis
Published: August 2017

Human influenza A viruses (IAVs) cause global pandemics and epidemics, which remain serious threats to public health because of the shortage of effective means of control. To combat the surge of viral outbreaks, new treatments are urgently needed. Developing new virus control modalities requires better understanding of virus-host interactions. Here, we describe how IAV infection triggers cellular apoptosis and how this process can be exploited towards the development of new therapeutics, which might be more effective than the currently available anti-influenza drugs.
Adrift At Sea: The State Of Research On Cruise Tourism And The International Cruise Industry
Authors: Klein Ross A.
Published: August 2017

Research on cruise tourism and the cruise industry is relatively recent given the "newness" of the cruise industry—it has been only 35 years since Carnival Corporation introduced its first purposebuilt cruise ship. The number of publications has been until recently relatively
small and has fallen into two distinct categories. The overwhelming majority of published work is "performative" (technical or practical) in nature; only a small number are "emancipatory." The article looks at the state of cruise research and considers factors that have influenced the growth
in, and nature of, cruise research, including the two streams. Looking to the future, it foresees cruise research emerging as a distinct discipline within the academy, and makes recommendations that facilitate this.
MULTI-SEGMENTED TRUNK MOTION OF HEALTHY NON-ELDERLY ADULTS IN DIFFERENT DECADES OF LIFE
Authors: Breloff Scott P. , Chou Li-Shan
Published: August 2017

Traditionally, gait analysis models the trunk as one rigid body segment. This approach has limitations; it does not capture all the movements of this area of the body throughout locomotion. Lower-extremity-gait kinematics do not routinely change in healthy non-elderly adults in different decades of life; however, it is unknown if trunk kinematics will be altered during different activities of daily living as a function of age. The purpose of this study was to determine if a previously validated multi-segmented trunk model would detect trunk movement variations in non-elderly healthy adults in different decades of life. Thirty-four non-elderly healthy adults in various decades of life (20–29 years, 30–39 years, 40–49 years, and 50–59 years) completed two tasks of ambulatory daily living (level walking and stair descent). Trunk maximum angle during the gait cycle, timing of the trunk maximum angle during the gait cycle and trunk range of motion were examined using analysis of variance procedures. Findings are that age group did not affect the trunk kinematics of individuals in different decades of life, but that may not represent the experiences of elderly individuals.
SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF RHYTHM COMPONENTS OF LOCAL FIELD POTENTIAL SIGNALS IN AWAKE MICE USING ENSEMBLE EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION
Authors: Wu Yunfeng , Yao Yuchen , Xiao Yugui , Ye Xiaoquan , Chen Pinnan , Liao Lifang , Wu Meihong , Rangayyan Rangaraj M.
Published: August 2017

Decomposition of local field potential (LFP) signals with different oscillatory rhythms is useful for analysis of various neuronal activities in mice. In this paper, we first removed the power-line interference with high signal fidelity by using a notch filter with infinite impulse response. Next, we applied the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method to separate the LFP signal into low-frequency, Delta, Theta, Beta, Gamma, Ripple, and high-frequency oscillations, in the form of different intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The LFP signal components with different frequency bands were identified and then reconstructed from the IMFs within the same frequency range by analyzing their power spectral ratios (PSRs). Then, normalized autocorrelation functions of the resting respiratory signal and the reconstructed Delta oscillations were computed to estimate the corresponding power spectral densities by means of the Fourier transform. The results of LFP signal decomposition and oscillatory rhythm reconstruction demonstrated the effectiveness of the EEMD and PSR analysis methods. The coherence analysis results indicate that the primary periodicity peak of the Delta LFP component is definitely linked to that of resting respiration in an awake mouse. Our major contribution is to establish a novel LFP signal separation and identification procedure by combining the EEMD method with appropriate parameter setting and the power spectral analysis approach.
Dynamic Content in Future Internet Opportunities Grad Course
Authors: Frick Jan , Pedersen Jens Myrup
Published: August 2017

The Colibri project partners started out in 2014 to make an Erasmus+ strategic partnership project titled “Collaboration and Innovation for Better, Personalized and IT-Supported Teaching” (Colibri) (http://www.tuhh.de/colibri/home.html). The overall idea is to implement new and innovative teaching methods with students from different universities for needs and challenges faced in higher education in general and within the combination of the ICT domain and entrepreneurship in particular. Erasmus+ funds the Colibri project. A course is developed between seven universities, based on a variety of rich and digital content: Videos, quizzes, articles to read, assignments, etc. In addition to making it all available on online platforms, we are also experimenting with making it available offline as e-books. This has several advantages, e.g. it can be accessed offline, and it is not depending on platforms that can host it. Another interesting potential of e-books is that they can be generated to suit the needs of the individual learner.
The church and moral decision-making
Authors: Vorster J. M.
Published: August 2017

This article deals with the burning issue of moral decision-making by major church assemblies,such as regional and general synods. Moral decisions by church assemblies have createdmany conflicts in churches in the past and at times did an injustice to the prophetic testimonyof churches in society. The question arises as follows: To what extent should church assembliesbe involved in moral decision-making? The central theoretical argument of this study is thatalthough the notion of a ‘biblical ethic’ is valid, synods and council of churches should beextremely cautious and even hesitant to formulate moral decisions because of differences inhermeneutical approaches and the principle that the church is primarily the ‘local congregationof believers’. The church is not in the first instance a national, general or international socialstructure that should pass conclusive resolutions and that testifies by way of moderators orelected church leaders. To unfurl this central theoretical argument, the researcher refers to thecurrent hermeneutical discourses and proposes certain ideas regarding the possible role ofthe church with respect to moral decision-making. In view of the information provided, apoint of view is advocated regarding the way in which churches could be involved in moraldecision-making today.
How many hamsters does it take? Under the hood at PMC
Authors: Beck Jeffrey D.
Published: August 2017

PubMed Central (PMC) is a free full-text XML-based archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature at the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Publishers submit XML, images, and supplemental files for their articles, the text converts to a common JATS XML, and they load to the database cleanly. The power of XML compels it! But that is not the whole story (or even a true story). Policies, miscommunications, and technical misunderstandings conspire against our Utopian XML workflow. We will share the details of how we get 30,000 new articles into the archive each month.
Patterns and antipatterns in micropipelining within XSLT
Authors: Birnbaum David J.
Published: August 2017

The program logic of pipelining is often expressed by nesting function calls within one another. An alternative formulation assigns intermediate results to a number of convenience variables. But in XSLT, legibility can break down in a sea of parentheses, and maintenance is a challenge when both variables and references need to change or be reordered as you add, delete, or rearrange steps in the pipeline. We can avoid these challenges by expressing the pipeline as a sequence of simple steps (for example, operations in a visitor pattern or a table of matching value pairs for string replacement). Single steps are easier to read and also easier to edit because adjustments to a step are self-contained and do not affect other steps.
Life, the Universe, and CSS Tests
Authors: Graham Tony
Published: August 2017

The W3C CSS Working Group maintains a CSS test suite already composed of more than 17,000 tests and growing constantly. Tracking the results of running such a large number of tests on a PDF formatter is more than anyone could or should want to do by hand. The system needs to track when a test’s result changes so that the changes can be verified and the test’s status updated. Finding differences is not the same as checking correctness. An in-house system for running the tests and tracking their results has been implemented as an eXist-db app. Is it a masterpiece of agile development, or an example of creeping featurism?
Making a difference by processing JSON as XML
Authors: La Fontaine Robin
Published: August 2017

Anyone who has ever published more than one version of a document can readily understand the benefits of tracking changes within it. Systems and APIs that exchange JSON haven’t typically been able to take advantage of such tracking, though the problems of changing JSON structures are essentially the same as in XML. This paper looks beyond JSON Patch (a fine specification as far as it goes) to a more general mechanism for representing changes in JSON, one that includes the context of the changes so that new ways of processing change can be supported. Along the way, it introduces a loss-less, bi-directional transformation from JSON to XML, making the more mature XML processing infrastructure available to JSON developers. The best of both worlds.
The Secret Life of Schema in Web Protocols, API's and Software Type Systems
Authors: Lee David
Published: August 2017

In this publication, I describe some of the results of several years’ research and experimentation in the field of Web API Protocols (JSON/XML/Media over HTTP) and Software APIs tracing the migration of ‘Schema’ into software class definitions, annotations, formal and semi-formal markup document types describing their structure and usefulness. Using a specific use case as a representative example, I demonstrate the rationale, steps and results of an experimental proof of concept. The proof of concept utilizes a wide variety of easily available techniques and tools rarely used together in a work-flow to reverse engineer a REST API from its behavior. It involves coupled transformations of data, schema, and software, through multiple representations utilizing tools from otherwise disparate domains to produce a largely auto-generated application to aid in a real world business problems.
Interactive web applications: demonstrating SaxonJS
Authors: Piez Wendell
Published: August 2017

SaxonJS promises “real” XSLT in the browser. Old-timers are thrilled, cool kids are showing interest, and many people are very intrigued. The architecture is still characterized by a strong distinction between logical and presentation layers, but it is now possible to program user interaction in the browser as event-driven transformation logic, using XSLT alone. The unit of composition (the “work”) now corresponds to the unit of delivery (no longer a “page” but a “resource”). Most importantly, it is now possible to build and deploy interactive web sites with XML and XSLT alone -- no Java, no Javascript, no specialized server app or complex batch processing. But to deploy, you need a web server, a compiled XSLT stylesheet, and a certain amount of infrastructure. XML Jelly Sandwich, a starter XSLT hosted on GitHub, can provide infrastructure of sufficient quality for testing. Cool demos of TEI-tagged poetry and BITS-tagged prose meditations may help convince you to try SaxonJS.
Translating imperative algorithms into declarative, functional terms
Authors: Sperberg-McQueen C. M.
Published: August 2017

In building up subroutine libraries for XSLT and XQuery, it is sometimes useful to re-implement standard algorithms in the new language. Such re-implementation can be challenging, because standard algorithms are often described in imperative terms; before being reimplemented in XSLT or XQuery, the algorithm must first be re-understood in a declarative and functional way.

Some of the challenges which arise in this process can be illustrated by the example of Earley parsing. Earley’s algorithm can parse an input string against any context-free grammar in Backus-Naur Form. Unlike recursive-descent or table-driven LALR(1) parsers it is not limited to “well-behaved” grammars. Unlike other general context-free parsing algorithms such as CYK, it does not devote time and space to operations which can be seen in advance to have no possible use in a full parse. Earley’s procedural description involves successive changes to a small set of data structures representing sets of Earley items; these procedural changes cannot be translated directly into a functional language lacking assignment.

But Earley’s data-structure updates can be understood as defining relations among Earley items, and the algorithm as a whole can be interpreted as calculating the smallest set of Earley items which contains a given starter item and is closed over a small number of relations on items. Re-thinking the Earley algorithm in this way not only makes it easier to implement it in XSLT and XQuery, but helps make it clear why the parser is both complete (it will always find a parse if there is one) and correct (any parse it finds will be a real parse).
Text. You keep using that word …
Authors: Sperberg-McQueen C. M.
Published: August 2017

Every data representation constitutes a data interpretation. What are SGML, XML, and other tools for descriptive markup telling us about the nature of text?
Tempo-spatial distribution of nitrogen dioxide within and around a large-scale wind farm-a numerical case study
Authors: Mo Jingyue , Huang Tao , Zhang Xiaodong , Zhao Yuan , Liu Xiao , Li Jixiang , Gao Hong , Ma Jianmin , Cao Zuohao
Published: August 2017

Abstract. As a renewable and clean energy, wind power has become the most rapidly growing energy resource worldwide in the past decades. Wind power has been thought not to exert any negative impacts on the environment. However, since a wind farm can alter the local meteorological conditions and increase the surface roughness lengths, it may affect air pollutants passing through and over the wind farm after released from their sources and delivered to the wind farm. In the present study, we simulated the nitrogen dioxide (NO2) air concentration within and around a world’s largest wind farm (Jiuquan wind farm in Gansu Province, China) using a coupled meteorology and atmospheric chemistry model WRF-Chem. The results revealed an "edge effect", which was featured by higher NO2 levels at the immediate upwind and border region of the wind farm and lower NO2 concentration within the wind farm and the immediate downwind transition area of the wind farm. A surface roughness length scheme and a wind turbine drag force scheme were employed to parameterize the wind farm in this model investigation. Modeling results show that the both parameterization schemes yield higher concentration up to 34 % in the immediate upstream of the wind farm and lower concentration within the wind farm compared to the case without the wind farm. We infer this edge effect and the spatial distribution of air pollutants to be a result of the internal boundary layer induced by the changes in wind speed and turbulence intensity driven by the rotation of the wind turbine rotor blades and the enhancement of surface roughness length over the wind farm. The step change in the roughness length from the smooth to rough surfaces (overshooting) in the upstream of the wind farm decelerates the atmospheric transport of air pollutants, leading to their accumulation. The rough to the smooth surface (undershooting) in the downstream of the wind farm accelerates the atmospheric transport of air pollutants, resulting in lower concentration level.
Impacts of Meteorological Uncertainties on the Haze Formation in
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) during Wintertime: A case study
Authors: Bei Naifang , Wu Jiarui , Feng Tian , Cao Junji , Huang Rujin , Long Xin , Xing Li , Zhao Shuyu , Tie Xuexi , Li Guohui
Published: August 2017

Abstract. In the present study, a persistent heavy haze episode from 13 to 20 January 2014 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) is simulated using the WRF-CHEM model through ensemble simulations to investigate impacts of meteorological initial uncertainties on the haze formation. Model results have shown that uncertainties in meteorological initial conditions substantially influence the aerosol constituent simulations at an observation site in Beijing, and the ratio of the ensemble spread to ensemble mean (RESM) exceeds 50 %. The ensemble mean generally preforms well in reproducing the fine particles (PM2.5) temporal variations and spatial distributions against measurements in BTH. The initial meteorological uncertainties do not alter the PM2.5 distribution pattern in BTH principally or dominate the haze formation and development, but remarkably affect the simulated PM2.5 level, and the RESM of PM2.5 concentrations can be up to 30 % at the region scale. In addition, the rather large RESM in PM2.5 simulations at the city scale also causes difficulties in implementation of the control strategies. Therefore, our results suggest that the ensemble simulation is imperative to avoid the impact of the initial meteorological uncertainties on the haze prediction.
Simulating the influence of snow surface processes on soil moisture dynamics and streamflow generation in an alpine catchment
Authors: Wever Nander , Comola Francesco , Bavay Mathias , Lehning Michael
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The assessment of flood risks in alpine, snow-covered catchments requires an understanding of the linkage between the snow cover, soil and discharge in the stream network. Here, we apply the comprehensive, distributed model Alpine3D to investigate the role of soil moisture in the predisposition of the Dischma catchment in Switzerland to high flows from rainfall and snowmelt. The recently updated soil module of the physics-based multilayer snow cover model SNOWPACK, which solves the surface energy and mass balance in Alpine3D, is verified against soil moisture measurements at seven sites and various depths inside and in close proximity to the Dischma catchment. Measurements and simulations in such terrain are difficult and consequently, soil moisture was simulated with varying degrees of success. Differences between simulated and measured soil moisture mainly arise from an overestimation of soil freezing and an absence of a groundwater description in the Alpine3D model. Both were found to have an influence in the soil moisture measurements. Using the Alpine3D simulation as the surface scheme for a spatially explicit hydrologic response model using a travel time distribution approach for interflow and baseflow, streamflow simulations were performed for the discharge from the catchment. The streamflow simulations provided a closer agreement with observed streamflow when driving the hydrologic response model with soil water fluxes at 30 cm depth in the Alpine3D model. Performance decreased when using the 2 cm soil water flux, thereby mostly ignoring soil processes. This illustrates that the role of soil moisture is important to take into account when understanding the relationship between both snowpack runoff and rainfall and catchment discharge in high alpine terrain. However, using the soil water flux at 60 cm depth to drive the hydrologic response model also decreased its performance, indicating that an optimal soil depth to include in surface simulations exists and that the runoff dynamics are controlled by only a shallow soil layer. Runoff coefficients (i.e. ratio of rainfall over discharge) based on measurements for high rainfall and snowmelt events were found to be dependent on the simulated initial soil moisture state at the onset of an event, further illustrating the important role of soil moisture for the hydrological processes in the catchment. The runoff coefficients using simulated discharge were found to reproduce this dependency, which shows that the Alpine3D model framework can be successfully applied to assess the predisposition of the catchment to flood risks from both snowmelt and rainfall events.
Tie-points for Gondwana reconstructions from a structural interpretation of the
Mozambique Basin, East Africa, and the Riiser-Larsen Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Klimke Jennifer , Franke Dieter , Mahanjane Estevão Stefane , Leitchenkov German
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Movements within early Gondwana dispersal are poorly constrained and there is uncertainty about the position and structural style of the continent-ocean transition and the timing and directions of the rifting and earliest seafloor spreading phases. In this paper, we present a combined structural interpretation of multichannel reflection seismic profiles from offshore northern Mozambique (East Africa), and the conjugate Riiser Larsen Sea (Antarctica). We find similar structural styles at the margins of both basins. At certain positions at the foot of the continental slope, the basement is intensely deformed and fractured, a structural style very untypical for rifted continental margins. Sediments overlying the deformation zone are deformed and reveal toplap and onlap geometries, implying a post-breakup deformation phase. We propose this unique deformation zone as tie-point for Gondwana reconstructions. Accordingly, we interpret the western flank of Gunnerus Ridge, Antarctica as a transform margin, similar to Davie Ridge, East Africa, implying that they are conjugate features. We consider it likely that a first phase of rifting and early seafloor spreading in NE-SW direction was subsequently replaced by a N-S directed transform deformation phase, overprinting the continent-ocean transition. This change of the spreading directions from NW-SE to N-S is suggested to have occurred by the Late Middle Jurassic, around magnetic anomaly M38n.2n (~ 164 Ma). We suggest that the second phase of deformation corresponds to the strike-slip movement of Madagascar and Antarctica and discuss implications for Gondwana breakup.
Ciclos de vida na educação de jovens e adultos: estudo biográfico de uma estudante-docente da eja
Authors: Joaquim Bruno Dos Santos
Published: August 2017

O presente artigo pretende compreender, através da abordagem biográfico-narrativa (JOSSO, 2004; DOMINICÉ, 2006; SOUZA, 2007), o processo de educação ao longo da vida da Professora Maria (nome fictício), docente da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA)há mais de vinte anos, que também foi estudante da modalidade entre as décadas de 1970 e 1980. Pretende-se também discutir o conceito de educação ao longo da vida e oferecer condições para a reflexão acerca da formação de docentes na modalidade EJA, com base em autores como Alheit e Dausien (2006) e Lima (2007) e na interpretação dos percursos biográficos da docente, além de compreender, assentado nas proposições de Oliveira (2009), de que modo o conceito de ciclo de vida se efetiva na análise da narrativa de vida da Professora Maria. Os resultados desta pesquisa indicam que a ligação da estudante-docente com a EJA pode ser uma chave interpretativa da aprendizagem ao longo da vida, de um processo que se deu pela sucessão de aprendizagens formais, não formais e informais de alguma maneira ligados à EJA. Desta relação advém três percepções significativas presentes no discurso da docente, que corroboram análises de pesquisadores da modalidade: a) sua condição de ter sido estudante da EJA é, em sua visão, bastante significativa para sua atuação como docente; b) sua formação inicial e continuada é, em sua visão, falha na preparação da docente para atuar na EJA; c) o perfil da docente, como mulher, trabalhadora doméstica, migrante e de origem pobre valida os estudos de perfil dos estudantes da EJA.
Letramento digital e tutoria no ambiente da educação a distância: um estudo à guisa de estado da arte
Authors: Velloso Ricardo Viana , Bueno Luzia
Published: August 2017

Este artigo tem por objetivo abordar as relações ente o tutor virtual e suas competências em programas de educação a distância, considerando seu domínio no campo do letramento e do letramento digital, com lastro nos estudos publicados na ANPED. À guisa de estado da arte, realizou-se o levantamento das publicações do período entre 2009 e 2013, circunscritas aos seguintes grupos de trabalho: GT08 Formação de Professores ; GT09 Trabalho e Educação; GT10 Alfabetização, Leitura e Escrita; GT11 Política de Educação Superior e GT16 Educação e Comunicação. Os resultados mostram a predominância de pesquisas qualitativas, que reconhecem, na sua maioria, a relevância da atuação do tutor em EAD, sobretudo quanto a sua função mediadora. Mostram ainda que, a despeito da recorrente preocupação com as competências do tutor para o trânsito no ambiente virtual, as referências a competências relacionadas ao letramento digital são relegadas a segundo plano em favor de outras preocupações: implicações das TIC para o trabalho docente; tutoria e precarização do trabalho; (sub)utilização das TIC no ensino-aprendizagem etc. Os resultadosevidenciam, por fim, a necessidade de mais pesquisas envolvendo o letramento digital do tutor, tendo em vista inclusive suas implicações políticas para a formação e para o trabalho docente em EAD.
MUSEUM IMMUNITY – ATTEMPT TO EVALUATE
THE REGULATION 18 MONTHS AFTER IT CAME
INTO FORCE
Authors: Barbasiewicz Adam
Published: August 2017

The article attempts to evaluate the introduction
of legal security of historic, artistic or scientific movables
loaned from abroad for temporary exhibitions organised
in Poland (the so-called museum immunity); the regulation
came into force on 30 November 2015 as the new addendum
4a to the Act on Museums.
The author presents the rules which govern the new legal
institution and, from a perspective of one year’s operation,
presents their evaluation with regard to the achievement
of the goals set and their legislative precision, including
suggestions of changes.
He observes that as far as the terms of protection are
concerned, the regulation copies the solutions proposed by
the Expert Team of the National Institute for Museums and
Public Collections which prepared a report on museum immunity
in 2012, it introduces different solutions in terms of
procedures for granting protection.
In his conclusion, the author emphasises that the new regulation
includes many doubtful provisions, including those
on the key issue of the moment when the protection ceases.
O cartaz midiatizado: um dispositivo de circulação interacional
Authors: Neves Manoella
Published: August 2017

O texto é registro de parte de um trabalho de tese em andamento cujo objeto empírico é o cartaz utilizado nas manifestações de junho de 2013 no Brasil e pesquisado a partir dos estudos em midiatização. Destaca-se a presença dos cartazes nas ruas e nas redes sociais digitais, constituindo-se como suporte responsivo, ativo, no processo comunicacional; como dispositivos da circulação interacional, nas redes e nas ruas.
Modulações da subjetividade contemporânea: ficção científica e objetos técnicos
Authors: Regis Fátima
Published: August 2017

O texto discute como objetos técnicos e ficção científica modulam as subjetividades contemporâneas. Parte do advento do computador que gera um meio de comunicação singular. A seguir mostra como as mídias digitais promovem a comunicação multimodal e mobilizam um conjunto de habilidades sensoriais, criativas e de teamworking, desafiando o conceito de inteligência. Recorre-se ao conceito de cognição atuada (VARELA, 1990) para compreender essa inteligência que envolve corpo, afetos e sociabilidade. Ao desafiar as fronteiras entre corpo/mente, natureza/técnica, interior/exterior, a cognição atuada fornece pistas para entendermos porque nossos gadgets dão a sensação de estarmos imersos em histórias de ficção científica, modulando nossa subjetividade com outras possibilidades de nós mesmos.
De fadas a androides: a cientifização do imaginário mágico popular
Authors: Siqueira Taísa
Published: August 2017

O artigo pretende colocar em tela relações entre a ideia de magia e de ciência e observar uma possível cientifização do imaginário popular no sentido de uma substituição da solução mágica por uma possibilidade de avanço técnico científico futuro. Para tanto é feito breve paralelo entre algumas produções literárias e cinematográficas de contos de fadas e ficção científica.
Uma aproximação às poesias completas de Machado de Assis
Authors: Miranda José Américo
Published: August 2017

Este artigo, sem ser exaustivo, detendo-se apenas em certos pontos de inflexão da trajetória editorial dos textos, apresenta um breve histórico das poesias completas de Machado de Assis, com observações e comentários sobre várias de suas edições. Mencionam-se as reuniões de textos esparsos, recolhidos por pesquisadores, e apresenta-se o relato da história da progressiva reunião dos textos, a partir das fontes primárias, principalmente dos periódicos em que eles apareceram pela primeira vez, assim como sua incorporação às edições das Obras completas do autor. São, também, mencionadas as duas edições mais recentes, que lhe reúnem a poesia completa: Toda poesia de Machado de Assis, organizada por Cláudio Murilo Leal, e A poesia completa, organizada por Rutzkaya Queiroz dos Reis.
Metáfora, metonímia, sinédoque e ironia: elementos retóricos de racionalidade no discurso jurídico
Authors: Pereira Égina Glauce Santos
Published: August 2017

A metáfora, a metonímia, a sinédoque e a ironia são conhecidas como
figuras de estilo ou tropos, que seriam um desvio de sentido, um rodeio
inabitual relativamente ao sentido literal (MEYER, 2014). Desde a
Antiguidade, essas figuras se estabelecem como primordiais ao discurso
com o objetivo de alcançar o auditório. Nesse sentido, serão analisadas
as quatro figuras citadas com o objetivo de demonstrar a racionalidade
delas, pois podem ser consideradas como tropos-mestres, ainda que alguns
teóricos privilegiem a metáfora ou a metonímia. No discurso jurídico tais
elementos fazem parte constante da estratégia de seus operadores, assim
será utilizada, exemplificativamente, uma decisão judicial. Essa decisão
regulamenta a situação em que um professor suprimiu o celular da posse
de um aluno, menor de idade, em decorrência do uso desse aparelho em
sala de aula. Verificaremos que o uso das figuras coloca uma questão que
impõe ao auditório estabelecer uma resposta. Isso gera uma absorção
da interrogatividade, que deveria existir em qualquer argumento ou
argumentação.
Palavras-chave: Figuras. Techné. Retórica. Decisão judicial. Argumentação.
Going political – multimodal metaphor framings on a cover of the sports newspaper A Bola
Authors: Almeida Maria Clotilde
Published: August 2017

This paper analyses a political-oriented multimodal metaphor on a cover of the sports newspaper A Bola, sequencing another study on multimodal metaphors deployed on the covers of the very same sports newspaper pertaining to the 2014 Football World Cup in Brazil (Almeida/Sousa, 2015) in the light of Forceville (2009, 2012). The fact that European politics is mapped onto football in multimodal metaphors on this sports newspaper cover draws on the interplay of conceptual metaphors, respectively in the visual mode and in the written mode. Furthermore, there is a relevant time-bound leitmotif which motivates the mapping of politics onto football in the sports newspaper A Bola, namely the upcoming football match between Portugal and Germany. In the multimodal framing of the story line under analysis. The visual mode apparently assumes preponderance, since a picture of Angela Merkel, a prominent leader of EU, is clearly overshadowed by a large picture of Cristiano Ronaldo, the captain of the Portuguese National Football team. However, the visual modality of Cristiano Ronaldo’s dominance over Angela Merkel is intertwined with the powerful metaphorical headline “Vamos expulsar a Alemanha do Euro” (“Let’s kick Germany out of the European Championship”), intended to boost the courage of the Portuguese national football team: “Go Portugal – you can win this time!”. Thus, differently from multimodal metaphors on other covers of the same newspaper, the visual modality in this case cannot be considered the dominant factor in multimodal meaning creation in this politically-oriented layout.

Keywords: Multimodal Metaphors. Sports and Politics. Metaphors in Sports Newspapers.
Brasil, 2015: como a presidenta, seu partido, seus eleitores e seu governo podem ser conceptualizados em rede social
Authors: Almeida Ariadne Domingues
Published: August 2017

São apresentados resultados de um estudo realizado sobre o modo como a presidenta Dilma Rousseff, seu partido, seus eleitores e seu governo foram conceptualizados em um meme postado na página Movimento Contra Corrupção constante da rede social online Facebook. O estudo foi norteado pelos aportes teórico-metodológicos da Linguística Cognitiva. Como a conceptualização é um fenômeno complexo, foram associados conhecimentos adquiridos pela Linguística Cognitiva a saberes elaborados
pela Teoria da Complexidade. Foram desenvolvidas reflexões sobre mapeamentos metafóricos e metonímicos, estruturados por esquemas imagéticos no âmbito dessa conceptualização. Ao final dos trabalhos, foi verificado o papel da interconexão entre o imagético e o verbal na geração de sentido, bem como foi observado que, na multimodalidade, o todo é mais do que a soma de suas partes, assim como o todo é menos do que a soma de suas partes.

Palavras-chave: Conceptualização. Linguística Cognitiva. Teoria da Complexidade. Multimodalidade. Meme.
Análise microbiológica das águas do Rio Itapecuru no município de Codó (MA), Brasil
Authors: Cantanhede Erika de Kássia Pereira , Aguiar Alexandre Dhyey Montello de , Sobrinho Oswaldo Palma Lopes , Moraes Paulo Sergio da Silva , Oliveira Luciana dos Santos , Xavier Rosinete dos Santos , Pereira Alvaro Itaúna Schalcher
Published: August 2017

A água, e de qualidade, é o recurso mais importante para a promoção da vida e bem estar dos seres vivos, por isso, a preocupação com suas características é de fundamental relevância para a humanidade. O aumento populacional e o avanço da mesma em direção aos mananciais de água têm provocado muitos problemas, dentre os quais podemos citar a contaminação dos recursos hídricos como principal. No município de Codó, no Maranhão, o Rio Itapecuru que corta a cidade recebe grande quantidade poluição através do despejo sem controle de efluentes domésticos e industriais e lixo. Diante disso, esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar microbiologicamente as águas do rio Itapecuru no perímetro urbano do município de Codó, mediante as análises microbiológicas para coliformes fecais, onde se utilizou a leitura do Número Mais Provável (NMP) pela técnica dos tubos múltiplos em meio de cultura no mês de agosto de 2012. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que as águas do Rio não atendem aos padrões pré-estabelecidos, pois apresentou índices para coliformes superiores a 1600 (NMP), o que caracteriza a água como imprópria para consumo e balneabilidade. Concluiu-se que, devido à contaminação do rio, há uma necessidade de melhorias das condições do local através de políticas públicas e participação da população para a preservação do ambiente.