bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Alkylation of Tosylhydrazones in the Presence of Triphenylphosphine.
Authors: Kong Yuanfang , Zhang Wen , Tang Meng , Wang Haiming
Published: December 2013

Triphenylphosphine is found to be crucial in the transformation, although the reaction mechanism remains unclear.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrocyanative Cyclization and Three‐Component Cross‐Coupling Reaction Between Allenes and Alkynes under Nickel Catalysis.
Authors: Arai Shigeru , Amako Yuka , Yang Xiaofei , Nishida Atsushi
Published: December 2013

In the presence of acetone cyanohydrin and Ni(P(O‐Ph)3)4 1,7‐allenynes like (I) undergo new hydrocyanative cyclization to afford pyrrolidines of type (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Quaternary Centers by Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Alkylzirconium Reagents.
Authors: Sidera Mireia , Roth Philippe M. C. , Maksymowicz Rebecca M. , Fletcher Stephen P.
Published: December 2013

A new, practical, highly enantioselective, and widely applicable method to prepare cyclic ketones bearing a quaternary stereogenic center is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Programmed Synthesis of a Contiguous Stereotriad Motif by Triple Stereospecific Reagent‐Controlled Homologation.
Authors: Sun Xun , Blakemore Paul R.
Published: December 2013

The title reaction cascade is accomplished in a single reaction vessel.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross Metathesis of Several Methylenecyclopentane Derivatives.
Authors: Camps Pelayo , Gomez Tania , Buden M. Eugenia , Otermin Ane , Calvet Teresa , Font‐Bardia Merce
Published: December 2013

The cross metathesis (CM) of methylenecyclopentane derivatives using Hoveyda—Grubbs second generation catalyst is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Encapsulation of an Olefin Metathesis Catalyst in the Nanocages of SBA‐1: Facile Preparation, High Encapsulation Efficiency, and High Activity.
Authors: Yang Hengquan , Ma Zhancheng , Zhou Ting , Zhang Wenjuan , Chao Jianbin , Qin Yong
Published: December 2013

The catalyst can be reused for at least seven times.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbenoid Insertions into Benzylic C—H Bonds with Heterogeneous Copper Catalysts.
Authors: Fraile Jose M. , Mayoral Jose A. , Munoz Ana , Santafe‐Valero Jorge
Published: December 2013

Copper complexes with azabis(oxazoline) or bis(oxazoline) ligands, once supported on laponite clay by electrostatic interactions, are able to catalyze the insertion of carbenoids in benzylic C—H bonds.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Selective Hydrogenation of α‐Fluorinated Esters with Bifunctional Pincer‐Type Ruthenium(II) Catalysts Leading to Fluorinated Alcohols of Fluoral Hemiacetals.
Authors: Otsuka Takashi , Ishii Akihiro , Dub Pavel A. , Ikariya Takao
Published: December 2013

The reaction proceeds selectively using racemic and chiral substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Aminopyrimidine and Cyclic Guanidine Amino Acids.
Authors: Moeschwitzer Vicki D. , Kariuki Benson M. , Redman James E.
Published: December 2013

Syntheses of amino acids with aminopyrimidine and cyclic guanidine side chains are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Catalysis: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of Allylic Alcohols to β,γ‐Unsaturated Esters.
Authors: Liu Qiang , Wu Lipeng , Jiao Haijun , Fang Xianjie , Jackstell Ralf , Beller Matthias
Published: December 2013

A new, efficient, and salt free method to prepare synthetically important β,γ‐unsaturated esters is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Formal Substitution of Bromocyclopropanes with Nitrogen Nucleophiles.
Authors: Banning Joseph E. , Gentillon Jacob , Ryabchuk Pavel G. , Prosser Anthony R. , Rogers Andrew , Edwards Andrew , Holtzen Andrew , Babkov Ivan A. , Rubina Marina , Rubin Michael
Published: December 2013

The formation of cyclopropanes catalyzed by 18‐crown‐6 gives products with high diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Catalytic Enantioselective Mannich Reaction of Malonates with N‐tert‐Butoxycarbonyl Imines by Using Yb(OTf)3/Pybox Catalyst at Room Temperature.
Authors: Karimi Babak , Jafari Ehsan , Enders Dieter
Published: December 2013

A highly efficient Mannich reaction of Boc‐aldimines with benzyl malonate is described using Yb(OTf)3 and a chiral pybox ligand as catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: A Ruthenium Catalyst with Simple Triphenylphosphane for the Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Aromatic Ketones.
Authors: Zhou Han , Huang Hanmin
Published: December 2013

The method represents the first example of using a practical Noyori‐type catalyst with a simply achiral monophosphane for highly enantioselective hydrogenation.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Iron‐Catalyzed Acetal Formation from Styrene Derivatives.
Authors: Ray Ritwika , Chowdhury Abhishek Dutta , Lahiri Goutam Kumar
Published: December 2013

Single‐step catalytic formation of dimethyl acetals from alkenes is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α,β‐Unsaturated α′‐Haloketones Through the Chemoselective Addition of Halomethyllithiums to Weinreb Amides.
Authors: Pace Vittorio , Castoldi Laura , Holzer Wolfgang
Published: December 2013

A high‐yielding procedure is elaborated for the conversion of Weinreb amides to unsaturated haloketones [21 examples].
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐Aryl Ketones by Heck Arylation of Allylic Alcohols Catalyzed by a MCM‐41‐Supported Bidentate Nitrogen Palladium Complex.
Authors: Huang Yixiang , Wang Pingping , Liu Jiaqin , Cai Mingzhong
Published: December 2013

The novel, practical and highly efficient catalyst system can be recovered by simple filtration and reused several times without any decrease in activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Preparation of Isomeric Tetrahydroxypillar[5]arenes and Pillar[3]arene[2]quinones.
Authors: Pan Mingguang , Xue Min
Published: December 2013

The title compounds are selectively prepared through partial oxidation of 1,4‐dimethoxypillar[5]arene or 1,4‐dimethoxypillar[4]arene[1]quinone by (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 and then reduction by Na2S2O4.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation for the in situ Regeneration of an NAD(P)H Model: Biomimetic Reduction of α‐Keto‐/α‐Iminoesters.
Authors: Lu Liang‐Qiu , Li Yuehui , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias
Published: December 2013

This method uses dual iron catalysis for the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Five and Six Member Sultam.
Authors: Shewalkar Mukesh , Rao Ramakrishna , Reddy Veer Bhadra , Shinde Devanand B.
Published: December 2013

A scalable and robust synthesis sequence towards 5‐ and 6‐membered sultams is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Ullmann Coupling of Aryl Halides by Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Cellulose, a Recoverable Heterogeneous Catalyst.
Authors: Rasouli Mohammad Ali , Ranjbar Parviz Rashidi
Published: December 2013

Palladium nanoparticles supported on cellulose are shown to act as catalyst for the reductive Ullmann coupling of aryl halides.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of a Titania‐Supported Highly Dispersed Palladium Nano‐Catalyst and Its Application in Suzuki and Heck Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Karami Kazem , Shehni Mahlagha Bahrami , Rahimi Nasser
Published: December 2013

The TiO2‐adsorbed catalyst can be simply recovered and reused at least four times without a significant loss in activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Mediated Ring Size Tuned C=C Reduction and C—C Coupling of α,α′‐(E,E)‐Bis(benzylidene)cycloalkanones.
Authors: Kundu Arijit , Bhattacharyya Bhaswati , Dhara Kaliprasanna , Patra Amarendra
Published: December 2013

Zinc amalgam mediated reduction of the title bis(benzylidene)cycloalkanes (I) and (V) affords exocyclic olefinic bond reduced compounds and corresponding β,β‐coupled dimers with intact carbonyl function.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Desulfitative Hydroarylation of Alkynes with Sodium Sulfinates.
Authors: Liu Saiwen , Bai Yang , Cao Xiangxiang , Xiao Fuhong , Deng Guo‐Jun
Published: December 2013

An efficient procedure is elaborated for the hydroarylation of alkynes with sodium aryl sulfinates as aryl sources.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Halogenations of Diazo Compounds, a Complementary Principle for the Synthesis of Halodiazo Compounds: Experimental and Theoretical Studies.
Authors: Schnaars Christian , Hennum Martin , Bonge‐Hansen Tore
Published: December 2013

Three pathways for the nucleophilic halogenation of diazo compounds are presented using different halogen sources.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Cyclopropane Derivatives with a cis:trans Stereo‐Selectivity by Wittig Olefination‐Sulfur Ylide Cyclopropanation Sequence.
Authors: Huang Wenhua , Wang Lai‐Ling
Published: December 2013

An efficient synthesis of cyclopropane derivatives is developed using a tandem Wittig olefination/sulfur ylide cyclopropanation reaction sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Amide Activation by TMSCl: Reduction of Amides to Amines by LiAlH4 under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Ravinder B. , Rajeswar Reddy S. , Panasa Reddy A. , Rakeshwar Bandichhor
Published: December 2013

LiAlH4 in the presence of TmsCl as activating agent is found to be efficient to reduce even tertiary and secondary amides to the corresponding amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Amidoalkyl Naphthol via Ritter‐Type Reaction Catalyzed by Heteropolyanion‐Based Ionic Liquid.
Authors: Dong Fang , Chenning Jiang , Ting Zhu , Jinming Yang
Published: December 2013

The title compounds (IV) are obtained by a Ritter‐type one‐pot three‐component reaction of 2‐naphthol, aromatic aldehydes, and amides using a heteropolyanion‐based functionalized ionic liquid as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Comparison of 1,4‐Distyrylfluorene and 1,4‐Distyrylbenzene Analogues: Synthesis, Structure, Electrochemistry and Photophysics.
Authors: Laughlin Brynna J. , Duniho Tyler L. , El Homsi Samantha J. , Levy Benjamin E. , Deligonul Nihal , Gaffen Joshua R. , Protasiewicz John D. , Tennyson Andrew G. , Smith Rhett C.
Published: December 2013

A series of 1,4‐distyrylfluorene derivatives (III) is synthesized via a Wittig—Horner type condensation.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of tert‐Butyl Isocyanide with Alkyl Propiolates in the Presence of α‐Chloroketones.
Authors: Asghari Sakineh , Tayebi Zhila , Habibi Ahmad Khabbazi
Published: December 2013

This simple entry to the one‐pot synthesis of chlorinated γ‐iminolactone derivatives provides following advantages: i) simultaneous formation of several bonds in one step; ii) simple and easily available starting materials; iii) neutral conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Radical Azidoarylation of Alkenes: Rapid Access to Oxindoles by Cascade C—N and C—C Bond‐Forming Reactions.
Authors: Matcha Kiran , Narayan Rishikesh , Antonchick Andrey P.
Published: December 2013

This new method for the oxidative radical azidation of alkenes relies on an azide in combination with a hypervalent iodine reagent.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I) or Silver Catalyzed Synthesis of α‐Indolylacrylates.
Authors: Pirovano Valentina , Facoetti Diego , Dell'Acqua Monica , Fontana Emanuela Della , Abbiati Giorgio , Rossi Elisabeth
Published: December 2013

The reaction of 2‐substituted indoles with 2‐acetamidoacrylate can be catalyzed by Au(I) or Ag(I) salts to afford the title compounds in good to moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: The Facile and Direct Formylation of Organoboron Aromatic Compounds with Benzodithiolylium Tetrafluoroborate.
Authors: Petruzziello Diego , Gualandi Andrea , Jaffar Hamza , Lopez‐Carrillo Veronica , Cozzi Pier Giorgio
Published: December 2013

The title reaction is accomplished from the commercially available carbenium ionic compound (II) without the use of transition metals.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of a Novel Series of Pyrazolotriazine, Coumarin, Oxoazinone, and Pyrazinopyrimidine Derivatives.
Authors: Gouda Moustafa A.
Published: December 2013

The title compounds, synthesized using pyrazolyl nitrile (II) as key intermediate, are evaluated for their ABTS antioxidant activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient, Green and Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Imidazoles Using SbCl3/SiO2 as Heterogeneous Catalyst.
Authors: Safari Javad , Gandomi‐Ravandi Soheila , Naseh Simin
Published: December 2013

A wide range of 1,2,4,5‐tetrasubstituted imidazoles (IV) (13 examples) are obtained in a four‐component cyclocondensation of 1,2‐diketone (I), aromatic aldehydes, primary aliphatic and aromatic amines, and ammonium acetate using silica‐supported SbCl3 as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized Oxazoles via Silver‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Propargylamides and Allenylamides.
Authors: Hu Yancheng , Yi Ruxia , Wu Fan , Wan Boshun
Published: December 2013

The triethylamine‐promoted isomerization of propargylamides (I) to allenylamides followed by a silver‐catalyzed cyclization leads to a variety of 5‐vinyloxazoles [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of New Substituted Methyl [2‐(Arylmethylene‐hydrazino)‐4‐oxo‐thiazolidin‐5‐ylidene]acetates.
Authors: Saeed Aamer , Al‐Masoudi Najim A. , Latif Muhammad
Published: December 2013

The title compounds (III) are obtained by cyclocondensation of thiosemicarbazones (I) with but‐2‐ynedioate (II) under solvent‐free microwave irradiation conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Substituted 3‐Mercapto‐1,2,4‐triazoles via Suzuki—Miyaura Reaction.
Authors: Katkevica Sarmite , Salun Pavlo , Jirgensons Aigars
Published: December 2013

3‐Bromo‐ (Ia) and 3‐iodo‐N,S‐dibenzyl‐5‐mercapto‐1,2,4‐triazoles (Ib) are utilized as versatile building blocks for Suzuki—Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions with aryl, vinyl‐, and heteroaryl boronic acid derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Benzimidazole Derivatives Bearing a Heterocyclic Ring at 4/5 Position.
Authors: Wubulikasimu Reyila , Yang Yanbing , Xue Fei , Luo Xianjin , Shao Dongping , Li Yuhuan , Gao Rongmei , Ye Weidong
Published: December 2013

The synthesis of a range of benzimidazole derivatives bearing heterocyclic rings is described by the employment of benzimidazole‐4/5‐carboxylic acid derivatives as substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Result for the Acylation of Arylhydrazonoethanethioamides.
Authors: Bolgova Anastasiya I. , Lugovik Kseniya , Subbotina Julia O. , Slepukhin Pavel A. , Bakulev Vasiliy A. , Belskaya Nataliya P.
Published: December 2013

The acylation of arylhydrazonoethanethioamides containing a primary amino group does not yield the expected acylthioamides but 5‐acylimino‐1,2,3‐thiadiazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: New Green, Recyclable Magnetic Nanoparticles Supported Amino Acids as Simple Heterogenous Catalysts for Knoevenagel Condensation.
Authors: Girija D. , Bhojya Naik H. S. , Kumar B. Vinay , Sudhamani C. N. , Harish K. N.
Published: December 2013

Iron oxide supported amino acid as recoverable catalyst is applied in Knoevenagel condensation leading to different substituted coumarin derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Silica Sulfuric Acid‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis, Mechanism, and Fluorescence Properties of 2‐(2‐Arylquinolin‐4‐(1H)‐ylidene)malononitriles.
Authors: Wan Yu , Lin Wei , Xin Hai‐qiang , Yuan Rui , Zhao Ling‐ling , Shi Jing‐jing , Wang Chao , Zhang Xiao‐xiao , Wu Hui
Published: December 2013

A novel domino reaction between aminoacetophenone (I), malononitrile (II), and aromatic aldehydes (III) yields the title compounds (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave Promoted One‐Pot Synthesis of Some Novel N‐Aryl Isoquinoline Derivatives.
Authors: Havaldar Freddy H. , Mule Ganesh B. , Dabholkar Bhushan V.
Published: December 2013

The isoquinolines are synthesized by a direct one‐pot process under thermal and microwave conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Cascade Coupling Strategy for One‐Pot Total Synthesis of β‐Carboline and Isoquinoline‐Containing Natural Products and Derivatives.
Authors: Zhu Yan‐Ping , Liu Mei‐Cai , Cai Qun , Jia Feng‐Cheng , Wu An‐Xin
Published: December 2013

The title reaction allows the efficient synthesis of natural products such as eudistomins (IIIb) and (VIa), pityiacitrin (IIIe), and papaveraldine (IXb) as well as structurally related analogues.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile and Expeditious Microwaves‐Assisted Synthesis of Furo[3,4‐b]indeno[2,1‐f]quinolin‐1‐one Derivatives via Multicomponent Reaction.
Authors: Peng Ju‐Hua , Jia Run‐Hong , Ma Ning , Zhang Ge , Wu Fei‐Yue , Cheng Chuang , Tu Shu‐Jiang
Published: December 2013

This rapid and direct method offers a simple route for the one‐pot, three‐component synthesis of highly functionalized fused heterocycles in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Pyrimidinylaminobenzene Derivatives and Their Antiproliferative Activities Against Melanoma Cell Line.
Authors: Kim Hee Jin , Oh Chang‐Hyun , Yoo Kyung Ho
Published: December 2013

Diaryl amide (I) and diaryl urea (II) derivatives possessing a pyrimidinylaminobenzene scaffold are synthesized and some of them are screened for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against A375P human melanoma cell line.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity of a New Class of 7‐Substituted Amino‐2‐phenyl‐3H‐pyrimido[4,5‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐one.
Authors: Reddy B. Surendra , Reddy A. Babul , Reddy G. Ramachandra , Reddy P. Raveendra
Published: December 2013

The members of the new class of pyrimido pyrimidine derivatives (I) display pronounced in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoinduced and N‐Bromosuccinimide‐Mediated Cyclization of 2‐Azido‐N‐phenylacetamides.
Authors: Li Zhan‐Shan , Wang Wei‐Xia , Yang Ji‐Dong , Wu Yue‐Wei , Zhang Wei
Published: December 2013

A synthesis of quinoxalin‐2‐ones or heterocyclic spiro compounds is developed using NBS‐promoted reactions of 2‐azido‐N‐phenylacetamides under visible light irradiation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Series of Dithiocarbamates as New Cholinesterase Inhibitors.
Authors: Altintop Mehlika D. , Gurkan‐Alp A. Selen , Oezkay Yusuf , Kaplancikli Zafer A.
Published: December 2013

The title compounds (III) (10 examples) are obtained by treatment of benzyl chloride (II) with the appropriate sodium salt of N,N‐disubstituted dithiocarbamic acids (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of {2‐Oxo(thioxo)‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,3‐benzoxazin‐4‐yl}(thio)ureas and Their Derivatives.
Authors: Kurbanova M. M.
Published: December 2013

Four title compounds of type (III) are prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Dibenzoxazepines.
Authors: Ghafarzadeh Mohammad , Moghadam Ebrahim Saeedian , Faraji Fereshteh
Published: December 2013

The good yield, purity of products, and simplicity of the presented procedure make it a convenient one‐pot preparation of dibenzoxazepines.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Bis(1,2,2‐trichloroethyl) and Bis(dichlorovinyl) Selenides by Electrophilic Reaction of Selenium Dichloride with 1,2‐Dichloroethylene.
Authors: Martynov A. V. , Makhaeva N. A. , Larina L. I. , Amosova S. V.
Published: December 2013

The reaction of 1,2‐dichloroethylene (I) with selenium dichloride is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Reaction of 16‐Dehydropregnenolone Acetate (16‐DPA) with m‐Chloroperbenzoic Acid.
Authors: Ghosh Pranab , Subba Raju
Published: December 2013

Epoxidation of 16‐DPA (I) with MCPBA on activated silica selectively leads to the 5,6‐epoxy derivative (II), whereas the reaction of (I) with MCPBA in solution gives the diepoxy derivative (III) as an isomeric mixture.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Branched Iminosugars Through a Hypervalent Iodine(III)‐Mediated Radical‐Polar Crossover Reaction.
Authors: Santana Andres G. , Paz Nieves R. , Francisco Cosme G. , Suarez Ernesto , Gonzales Conception C.
Published: December 2013

Starting from readily available aldoses, anomeric key intermediates are formed in three steps [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Methyl (3R,5R)‐3,5‐Dihydroxydecanoate in the Asymmetric Synthesis of Idea Leuconoe Pheromone and Formal Syntheses of (+)‐(3R,5R)‐3‐Hydroxydecano‐5‐lactone, Verbalactone, and Tolypothrix Pentaether.
Authors: Mineeva I. V.
Published: December 2013

An asymmetric synthesis of (IV) is outlined which is one of the numerous components of the abdominal gland secretion of the giant danaine butterfly idea leuconoe.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Azilsartan and Its Selected Potential Impurities.
Authors: Radl Stanislav , Cerny Josef , Stach Jan , Holec Jan , Pisa Ondrej , Gablikova Zuzana
Published: December 2013

A reinvestigation of the angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonist azilsartan (I) is conducted and the inconsistencies in the original references are explained.
ChemInform Abstract: Toward a General Theory of Heterogeneous Reactions ‐ Thermochemical Approach
Authors: L'vov Boris V. , Galwey Andrew K.
Published: December 2013

Review: 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Redox Reactions of Radionuclides
Authors: Perdicakis M. , Allard S. , Holgersson S. , Brian N. , Kay R. R. , Li N. , Stockdale A. , Baltrunas D. , Lujaniene G. , Schafer Th. , et al. et al.
Published: December 2013

Review: 10 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Texaphyrin Chemistry and Drug Discovery
Authors: Preihs Christian , Arambula Jonathan F. , Magda Darren , Jeong Heeyeong , Yoo Dongwon , Cheon Jinwoo , Siddik Zahid H. , Sessler Jonathan L.
Published: December 2013

Review: 65 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Monofunctional and Higher‐Valent Platinum Anticancer Agents
Authors: Johnstone Timothy C. , Wilson Justin J. , Lippard Stephen J.
Published: December 2013

Review: 203 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Coordination Chemistry
Authors: Lusby Paul J.
Published: December 2013

Review: literature reported during 2012
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanide Porphyrin Complexes
Authors: Mironov A. F.
Published: December 2013

Review: 108 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dynamic Motion and Various Reaction Paths of Cobaloxime Complexes in Crystalline‐State Photoreaction
Authors: Ohashi Yuji
Published: December 2013

Review: 153 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Diarylprolinol Silyl Ethers: Development and Application as Organocatalysts
Authors: Gotoh Hiroaki , Hayashi Yujiro
Published: December 2013

Review: 93 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Coupling Reactions of Alkynyl Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Park Kyungho , Lee Sunwoo
Published: December 2013

Review: 68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mimicking P450 Processes and the Use of Metalloporphyrins
Authors: Simoes Mario M. Q. , Neves Claudia M. B. , Pires Sonia M. G. , Neves M. Graca P. M. S. , Cavaleiro Jose A. S.
Published: December 2013

Review: 109 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐Nitroamines via Classical Mannich and Aza‐Henry Reactions
Authors: Telep El‐Sayed Mardia , Mahmoud Kazem , Hilgeroth Andreas
Published: December 2013

Review: 130 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Rearrangements and Allylation Reactions in Water
Authors: Cadierno Victorio , Garcia‐Alvarez Joaquin , Garcia‐Garrido Sergio E.
Published: December 2013

Review: 390 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Emerging Technologies for Metabolite Generation and Structural Diversification
Authors: Cusack Kevin P. , Koolman Hannes F. , Lange Udo E. W. , Peltier Hillary M. , Piel Isabel , Vasudevan Anil
Published: December 2013

Review: about 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Assembling DNA Through Affinity Binding to Achieve Ultrasensitive Protein Detection
Authors: Zhang Hongquan , Li Feng , Dever Brittany , Wang Chuan , Li Xing‐Fang , Le X. Chris
Published: December 2013

Review: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanoelectronics Meets Biology: From New Nanoscale Devices for Live‐Cell Recording to 3D Innervated Tissues
Authors: Duan Xiaojie , Lieber Charles M.
Published: December 2013

Review: 77 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetically Recyclable Nanocatalysts: Eco‐Friendly Solutions for Green Catalysis
Authors: Pereira Clara , Rocha Mariana , Fernandes Carlos , Rebelo Susana L. H. , Freire Cristina
Published: December 2013

Review: 10 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymeric Hydrogels and Nanoparticles: A Merging and Emerging Field
Authors: Ye Enyi , Loh Xian Jun
Published: December 2013

Review: 152 refs.
Metastatic melanoma to the liver: A contemporary and comprehensive review of surgical, systemic, and regional therapeutic options
Authors: Agarwala Sanjiv S. , Eggermont Alexander M. M. , O'Day Steven , Zager Jonathan S.
Published: December 2013

Effective management of hepatic metastases from ocular and cutaneous melanoma remains a major therapeutic challenge. Treatment options include hepatic resection, hepatic intra‐arterial (HIA) chemotherapy, chemoembolization, and hepatic perfusions. Evaluating the efficacy of these interventions is limited by the retrospective nature of most of the data, although controlled phase 3 studies are starting to emerge. Studies of hepatic resection are strongly suggestive of a survival benefit following surgery in selected patients. Effective systemic agents for metastatic cutaneous melanoma are available and supported by randomized controlled phase 3 trials. In contrast, no active systemic treatment has yet been identified for metastatic ocular melanoma. HIA and intravenous delivery of fotemustine have been compared in a randomized phase 3 trial in patients with unresectable metastases from melanoma, but no differences between the 2 approaches were observed. Hepatic arterial chemoembolization appears only to be moderately effective according to uncontrolled studies; targeting patients with less liver involvement may improve outcomes. A recent phase 3 study showed a significant improvement in hepatic progression‐free survival with percutaneous hepatic perfusion compared with best alternative care in patients with metastatic melanoma; however, the overall survival analysis was confounded by crossover of control patients to active treatment. In conclusion, hepatic resection offers the possibility of long‐term survival in carefully selected patients with liver‐limited metastases from melanoma. In patients with unresectable cutaneous melanoma, effective systemic therapy is the best treatment option. For patients with unresectable ocular melanoma, regional treatments are likely to assume a greater role until effective systemic treatments are identified. Cancer 2014;120:781–789. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
p16INK4a overexpression and p16/Ki‐67 dual labeling versus conventional urinary cytology in the evaluation of urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Piaton Eric , Carré Christian , Advenier Anne‐Sophie , Decaussin‐Petrucci Myriam , Mège‐Lechevallier Florence , Lantier Philippe , Granier Guillaume , Ruffion Alain
Published: December 2013

BACKGROUND

Taking into consideration the known overexpression of p16INK4a in histologically demonstrated high‐grade urothelial malignancies, the objective of the current study was to examine the value of p16INK4a overexpression and of p16/Ki‐67 dual labeling versus urinary cytology in the detection of urothelial lesions.

METHODS

Immunolabeling was performed on demounted and destained Papanicolaou slides after liquid‐based ThinPrep processing. Actual diagnoses were ascertained by cystoscopy controls and histopathology. Negative cases, papillary urothelial neoplasia of low malignant potential/low‐grade tumor, and high‐grade lesions were considered separately.

RESULTS

A total of 216 urine samples were collected from new patients with symptoms who were referred for cystoscopy (92 cases) or patients who were being followed after conservative treatment for lesions involving the bladder (117 cases) or the upper urinary tract (7 cases). p16INK4a positivity was assessed in 171 of the 216 cases (79.2%) and in 93 of 99 high‐grade cases with positive cytology (93.9%). Coexpression of p16/Ki‐67 in the same cells was observed in 119 of 216 cases (55.1%) and was noted in 18 of 51 cases of negative or papillary urothelial neoplasia of low malignant potential/low‐grade tumor (35.3%) and in 80 of 101 high‐grade tumors (79.2%) (P < .0001). Thirteen of 14 high‐grade intraurothelial lesions (92.8%) were dual labeled. When high‐grade tumors, disease progression (increased grade, muscle infiltration, and extension into the upper urinary tract), and cancer‐related death were grouped together as an endpoint, dual labeling demonstrated a sensitivity that was slightly higher than that of urinary cytology (82.5% vs 80.8%; P = .8), with 94.9% overall specificity.

CONCLUSIONS

When applied to the search for high‐grade and aggressive disease, p16/Ki‐67 dual labeling and urinary cytology appear to demonstrate comparable performance. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:211–220. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Approximating Rough Stochastic PDEs
Authors: Hairer Martin , Maas Jan , Weber Hendrik
Published: December 2013

We study approximations to a class of vector‐valued equations of Burgers type driven by a multiplicative space‐time white noise. A solution theory for this class of equations has been developed recently in Probability Theory Related Fields by Hairer and Weber. The key idea was to use the theory of controlled rough paths to give definitions of weak/mild solutions and to set up a Picard iteration argument.

In this article the limiting behavior of a rather large class of (spatial) approximations to these equations is studied. These approximations are shown to converge and convergence rates are given, but the limit may depend on the particular choice of approximation. This effect is a spatial analogue to the Itô‐Stratonovich correction in the theory of stochastic ordinary differential equations, where it is well known that different approximation schemes may converge to different solutions.© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Increasing the Brightness of Cyanine Fluorophores for Single‐Molecule and Superresolution Imaging
Authors: Klehs Kathrin , Spahn Christoph , Endesfelder Ulrike , Lee Steven F. , Fürstenberg Alexandre , Heilemann Mike
Published: December 2013

In spite of their relatively low fluorescence quantum yield, cyanine dyes such as Cy3, Cy5, or Cy7 are widely used in single‐molecule fluorescence applications due to their high extinction coefficients and excellent photon yields. We show that the fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime of red‐emitting cyanine dyes can be substantially increased in heavy water (D2O) compared with water (H2O). We find that the magnitude of the quantum yield increase in D2O scales with the emission wavelength, reaching a particularly high value of 2.6‐fold for the most red‐emitting dye investigated, Cy7. We further demonstrate a higher photon yield in single‐molecule superresolution experiments in D2O compared to H2O, which leads to an improved localization precision and hence better spatial resolution. This finding is especially beneficial for biological applications of fluorescence microscopy, which are typically carried out in aqueous media and which greatly profit from the red spectral range due to reduced cellular auto‐fluorescence.
Smartphones in ecology and evolution: a guide for the app‐rehensive
Authors: Teacher Amber G. F. , Griffiths David J. , Hodgson David J. , Inger Richard
Published: December 2013

Smartphones and their apps (application software) are now used by millions of people worldwide and represent a powerful combination of sensors, information transfer, and computing power that deserves better exploitation by ecological and evolutionary researchers. We outline the development process for research apps, provide contrasting case studies for two new research apps, and scan the research horizon to suggest how apps can contribute to the rapid collection, interpretation, and dissemination of data in ecology and evolutionary biology. We emphasize that the usefulness of an app relies heavily on the development process, recommend that app developers are engaged with the process at the earliest possible stage, and commend efforts to create open‐source software scaffolds on which customized apps can be built by nonexperts. We conclude that smartphones and their apps could replace many traditional handheld sensors, calculators, and data storage devices in ecological and evolutionary research. We identify their potential use in the high‐throughput collection, analysis, and storage of complex ecological information.
Yersinia pestisAil recruitment of C4b‐binding protein leads to factor I‐mediated inactivation of covalently and noncovalently bound C4b
Authors: Ho Derek K. , Skurnik Mikael , Blom Anna M. , Meri Seppo
Published: December 2013

The outer membrane protein Ail of Yersinia pestis mediates several virulence functions, including serum resistance. Here, we demonstrate that Ail binds C4b‐binding protein (C4BP), the primary fluid‐phase regulator of the classical and lectin pathways. Non‐covalent binding of C4 and C4b to Ail was also observed. C4BP bound to Ail can act as a cofactor to the serine protease factor I (fI) in the cleavage of fluid‐phase C4b. Employing a panel of C4BP alpha‐chain mutants, we observed that the absence of complement control protein domain 6 and 8 reduced binding to Ail. Immunoblot analysis of normal human serum (NHS)‐treated bacteria revealed minimal C4b alpha’‐chain complexes with bacterial outer membrane targets. Addition of the anti‐C4BP monoclonal antibody MK104 to NHS restored C4b‐alpha’ chain target complexes, suggesting that C4b binds covalently to targets on the Y. pestis surface. C4b bound to Ail noncovalently was also cleaved in a C4BP and fI‐dependent manner, leaving the C4c fragment bound to Ail. MK104 also prevented the cleavage of noncovalently bound C4b. Collectively, these data suggest that when C4BP is bound to Ail, fI can cleave and inactivate C4b that has bound covalently to bacterial surface structures as well as C4b bound noncovalently to Ail.
Crystal and Magnetic Structure of Sr2MIrO6 (M = Ca, Mg) Double Perovskites – A Neutron Diffraction Study
Authors: Kayser Paula , Martínez‐Lope María Jesús , Alonso Jose Antonio , Retuerto María , Croft Mark , Ignatov Alexander , Fernández‐Díaz Maria Teresa
Published: December 2013

Sr2CaIrO6 and Sr2MgIrO6 double perovskites have been prepared as polycrystalline powders from citrate precursors treated under oxygen pressure conditions. These compounds have been studied by X‐ray and neutron powder diffraction (NPD), magnetic measurements, and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. The crystal symmetry of both oxides is monoclinic (space group P21/n), and the unit‐cell parameters are related to the ideal simple perovskite cell as a ≈ √2a0, b ≈ √2a0, c ≈ 2a0, β ≈ 90°, where a0 is the edge of the simple cubic ABO3 perovskite. This superstructure is a result of the 1:1 ordering of Ca/Mg and Ir ions over the B site and the distortion of the oxygen sublattice, which leads to a tilted three‐dimensional network of corner‐sharing BO6 octahedra. Magnetic measurements indicate an antiferromagnetic ordering below TN = 58 K for Sr2CaIrO6 and 74 K for Sr2MgIrO6. The low‐temperature magnetic structure of Sr2CaIrO6 was determined by NPD and selected from the possible magnetic solutions compatible with the P21/n space group according to the group‐theory representation. The propagation vector is k = (1/2 1/2 0). A canted antiferromagnetic structure is observed below TN with an ordered magnetic moment of 1.33(2) μB for the Ir6+ cations. Sr2MgIrO6 does not present magnetic reflections. An X‐ray absorption spectroscopy investigation gives an insight into the Ir oxidation states and suggests a hexavalent state for the Ca compound and an admixture of Ir6+ and Ir5+ for the Mg perovskite, in agreement with the NPD data, which indicate a significant oxygen understoichiometry for this material.
Linkage and Geometrical Isomers of Dichloridobis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) Complexes with Quinoline‐2‐carbaldehyde (Pyridine‐2‐carbonyl)hydrazone: Their Molecular Structures and Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Properties
Authors: Mori Asami , Suzuki Takayoshi , Sunatsuki Yukinari , Kobayashi Atsushi , Kato Masako , Kojima Masaaki , Nakajima Kiyohiko
Published: December 2013

The reactions of quinoline‐2‐carbaldehyde (pyridine‐2‐carbonyl)hydrazone (HL) and [RuCl2(PPh3)3] in various solvents at different temperatures gave the three geometrical isomers trans(Cl,Cl)‐, cis(Cl,Cl),trans(P,N)‐, and trans(P,P)‐[RuCl2(PPh3)2{HL‐κO(amide),κN(imine)}] (1, 2, and 3, respectively) as well as a linkage isomer trans(P,P)‐[RuCl2(PPh3)2{HL‐κN(imine),κN(quin)}] (4). The molecular and crystal structures of 1–4, together with both E and Z configurational isomers (with respect to the C=N double bond) of the free ligand HL, were determined by X‐ray analysis. The ligand HL adopted a Z form and acted as a κO(amide),κN(imine) bidentate ligand in 1–3, whereas it was an E isomer with a κN(imine),κN(quin) coordination mode in 4. The gradual thermal conversions of 1 to 2 and of 2 to 3 were observed in dichloromethane and ethanol, respectively, but an interconversion between 3 and 4 was not detected. In dichloromethane, all complexes have a reversible RuIII/II redox couple in the range 110–412 mV (vs. Ag/Ag+), and the redox potential was largely dependent on the coordination mode of HL and on the mutual configuration of the two PPh3 ligands. Such a potential shift can be interpreted as a combination of Cl–/amide O π‐donor and PPh3/quinoline N π‐acceptor orbital contributions to the RuII dπ orbitals [highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs)]. Complexes 3 and 4 in acetonitrile showed a gradual spectral change, probably because of the substitution of the Cl– ligand by the acetonitrile solvent. In addition, 2–4 showed solvatochromic behavior even in noncoordinating solvents that resulted from a blueshift of the metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (MLCT) transition band in polar solvents. These electrochemical and spectroscopic properties are also supported by DFT and time‐dependent DFT (TD‐DFT) calculations.
Syntheses and Applications of (Thio)Urea‐Containing Chiral Quaternary Ammonium Salt Catalysts
Authors: Novacek Johanna , Waser Mario
Published: December 2013

We herein report our efforts to obtain a new class of systematically modified bifunctional (thio)urea‐containing quaternary ammonium salts based on easily obtainable chiral backbones. Among the different classes of catalysts that were successfully synthesized, those based on trans‐1,2‐cyclohexane diamine were found to be the most powerful for the asymmetric α‐fluorination of β‐keto esters. Selectivities up to 93:7 could be obtained by using only 2 mol‐% of the optimized catalyst. The importance of the bifunctional nature of these catalysts was demonstrated by control experiments using simplified monofunctional catalyst analogues, which gave almost racemic product only.
Does increase in DNA repair allow “Tolerance‐to‐Insult” in chemical carcinogenesis? Skin tumor experiments with MGMT‐overexpressing mice
Authors: Becker Klaus , Thomas Adam D. , Kaina Bernd
Published: December 2013

Several genotoxicity endpoints have been evaluated to define nonlinear dose‐responses for SN1 and SN2 alkylating genotoxicants. Dose‐response studies acknowledging the process of multistage tumorigenesis are important; however, data pertaining nonlinearity are not yet available. In this communication, the role of DNA repair in the dose‐response relationship for benign papillomas was examined using the two‐stage skin carcinogenesis protocol. The data obtained with O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) overexpressing mice in which papillomas were induced by a single topical treatment with N‐methyl‐N‐nitrosourea (MNU) followed by promotion with 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate are reported. As MGMT efficiently protects cells from mutations by repairing O6‐methylguanine, a miscoding lesion induced by MNU, the question whether MGMT is able to nullify carcinogenic lesions to an extent where they would be considered nonhazardous has been addressed. It is shown here that MGMT overexpression significantly protects against, but does not completely nullify, the effect of MNU in tumor initiation. The possible mechanisms involved have also been discussed. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 55:145–150, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Balancing Fluctuating Renewable Energy Generation Using Cogeneration and Heat Pump Systems
Authors: Mueller Stine , Tuth Richard , Fischer David , Wille‐Haussmann Bernhard , Wittwer Christof
Published: December 2013

Future energy supply will depend increasingly on fluctuating renewable energy generation. This requires new techniques and methods to deal with fluctuations in the grid. Thermal energy systems with thermal storage capacities linked to the electrical grid, for example, combined heat and power (CHP) and heat pump systems can provide additional and necessary storage capacities. This study examines the potential of CHP electricity generation and heat pump electricity consumption in residential buildings to balance fluctuations of renewable energy generation in Germany’s future energy system. The optimal operation strategy is derived using mixed integer linear programming. The results show that CHP and heat pump systems can shift electrical energy to balance the residual load. The positive and negative peak load are reduced by 14 % and 33 %, respectively, and the surplus energy generation decreases by 59 %. An increase in thermal storage capacity reinforces these effects.
Numerical investigation of the effects of dwell time duration in a two‐stage injection scheme on exergy terms in an IDI diesel engine by three‐dimensional modeling
Authors: Jafarmadar Samad , Zehni Alborz
Published: December 2013

Dwell duration of multiple‐injection scheme is an important parameter, which makes it possible to shift the tradeoff curve between soot and NOx closer to the origin. In this investigation, therefore, energy and exergy analyses are carried out for various two‐step injection schemes in which 25% of the total fuel is injected during the second pulse and the dwell time is increased from 5°CA (crank angle) to 30°CA by 5°CA increments. The calculations are performed for a Lister 8.1 indirect injection (IDI) diesel engine at full load operation. The energy analysis for these schemes is performed during a closed cycle by using a three‐dimensional CFD code. The cylinder pressure results for the baseline engine are compared with the corresponding experimental data and they show good agreement. For the exergy analysis, an in‐house computational code has been developed, which uses the results of energy analysis in various cases. With crank angle positions and dwell durations set for different injection schemes, various rates of exergy are calculated and the cumulative exergy components are identified separately. The results show that the values of work exergy and exergy efficiency decrease when the dwell duration is changed from 5°CA to 30°CA. Also, there is a sharp change in the exergy parameters when the dwell time reaches 25°CA.
Comparison of safety and ventilation aspects of emergency stations in very long railway tunnels / Sicherheits‐ und lüftungstechnische Gegenüberstellung von Nothaltestellen sehr langer Eisenbahntunnel
Authors: Rudin Christoph , Eckmann Bruno
Published: December 2013

In very long rail tunnels (> 20 km), emergency stations (NHS) are provided for trains to stop in case of an incident. Emergency stations are constructionally detailed and equipped so that the passengers can be evacuated quickly and safely in case of an incident such as a fire in a train. Such emergency stations are provided in the existing Lötschberg Base Tunnel (CH, opened 2007) and similar tunnels that are currently under construction, the Gotthard Base Tunnel (CH), Brenner Base Tunnel (A), new Semmering Base Tunnel (A) and Koralm Tunnel (A). The present article compares and explains in detail the ventilation and safety aspects of emergency stations and the construction detailing, ventilation and safety equipment, which have to be considered in the design of an emergency station.

In sehr langen Eisenbahntunneln (> 20 km) werden sogenannte Nothaltestellen (NHS) für den störungsbedingten Halt eines Zugs vorgesehen. Die NHS sind baulich und technisch so ausgestattet, dass im Störungsfall, z.B. bei Zugbrand, eine rasche und sichere Evakuation von Fahrgästen ermöglicht wird. Im bestehenden Lötschberg Basistunnel (CH, Inbetriebnahme 2007) sowie den sich im Bau befindlichen Gotthard Basistunnel (CH), Brenner Basistunnel (A), Semmering Basistunnel neu (A) und Koralmtunnel (A) sind solche NHS vorgesehen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag erfolgt eine Gegenüberstellung der baulichen und lüftungs‐ bzw. sicherheitstechnischen Ausgestaltung der NHS. Die projektspezifischen Randbedingungen und Vorgaben, die bei der Planung der NHS berücksichtigt werden mussten, werden im Detail erläutert.
Current challenges for scaling of tunnel drainage systems – Modelling approaches, monitoring tools and prevention strategies / Aktuelle Herausforderungen bei der Versinterung von Tunneldränagen – Modellierungsansätze, Monitoringwerkzeuge und Präventionsstrategien
Authors: Dietzel Martin , Purgstaller Bettina , Leis Albrecht , Reichl Peter , Stadler Hermann , Niedermayr Andrea , Rinder Thomas , Wagner Hanns
Published: December 2013

Scaling of tunnel drainage systems comprises complex reaction mechanisms, which are essentially caused by the interaction of water with cement‐based materials and the atmosphere. The resulting precipitation of CaCO3 in the drainage is an economically highly challenging task for tunnel operators with respect to maintenance and cleaning action. Hydrochemical modelling is used to decipher reaction mechanisms and thus to provide quantifications, which are required to develop monitoring tools, like in‐situ alert systems, and prevention strategies, like application of low‐eluting shotcrete and inhibitors.

Die Versinterung von Tunneldrainagen umfasst komplexe Reaktionsvorgänge, die sich im Wesentlichen auf die Wechselwirkung von Wässern mit zementgebundenen Materialien und der Atmosphäre beziehen. Die hieraus resultierende Abscheidung von CaCO3 in den Dränagen stellt aufgrund von Instandhaltungs‐ und Reinigungsarbeiten eine große ökonomische Herausforderung für den Tunnelbetreiber dar. Hydrochemische Modellierungen ermöglichen es, Reaktionsabläufe zu erkennen und Bilanzierungen durchzuführen, welche die Voraussetzung für die Entwicklung von Monitoring‐Werkzeugen, wie In‐situ‐Sinter‐Wächtern, und von Präventionsstrategien, wie die Anwendung von eluatarmen Spritzbetonsorten und geeigneten Inhibitoren, darstellen.