bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РЕНТГЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СЕМИОТИКИ ПРИ ПНЕВМОНИИ У ДЕТЕЙ РАННЕГО ВОЗРАСТА
Authors: Yusupov Sh. A. , Mardyeva G. M. , Bahritdinov B. R.
Published: October 2017

Мета дослідження – вивчити особливості рентгенологічної семіотики при пневмонії в дітей раннього віку залежно від терміну гестації при народженні.Матеріали та методи. Проведено клініко-рентгенологічне обстеження 110 дітей раннього віку (від 1 місяця до 3-х років), хворих на пневмонію.Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Вивчено особливості рентгенологічної семіотики пневмонії залежно від терміну гестації при народженні. У дітей, які народилися недоношеними, при пневмонії виявили рентгенологічні ознаки, характерні для тривалої незрілості легеневої тканини, а саме: помірну гіповентиляцію легень,поширені дрібновогнищеві тіні, обмежену сітчасту деформацію легеневого малюнка і симптом «повітряної бронхограми». Причому у віці від 1 до 3-х років вищевказана симптоматика дещо менш виражена, що узгоджується з наявною інформацією про реакцію з боку інтерстиціальної тканини у віковій динаміці. Характерні для недоношеності неінтенсивні вогнища на тлі незрілих легень і відносно бідна й уповільнена динаміка зворотних змін підтверджують думку про переважання ризику розвитку хронічної легеневої патології саме при наявності в анамнезі даних про недоношеність, а також чіткого взаємозв’язку запальних змін у легенях з перинатальною патологією, незрілістю легень і організму в цілому. Такі рентгенологічні симптоми, як посилення і деформація легеневого малюнка, зниження прозорості легеневих полів за типом «матового скла», дрібновогнищеві тіні, у свою чергу, є рентгенологічними ознаками ранніх стадій, так званих інтерстиціальних хвороб легень, які останнім часом привертають увагу не тільки клініцистів, але й рентгенологів, морфологів через наростання поширеності. У міру прогресування процесу в деяких дітей виявляли ознаки інтерстиціального фіброзу, з’являлися порожнини, формувалася картина стільникової легені. Ця інформація дає підстави припускати, що наявність таких ознак у дітей, які народилися недоношеними, не виключає ймовірності вікової схильності до інтерстиціальних хвороб легень.Висновки. Тривалі ознаки незрілості легеневої тканини в дітей, які народилися недоношеними, накладають відбиток на процес подальшого розвитку захворювань респіраторного тракту в дітей раннього віку і не виключають імовірності вікової схильності до інтерстиціальних хвороб легень.
Abordagens conceituais e aplicativas da mediação nos serviços de informação
Authors: Silva Jonathas Luiz Carvalho , Farias Maria Giovanna Guedes
Published: October 2017

Apresenta a mediação da informação como um campo profícuo de estudos e práticas profissionais no campo da Ciência da Informação (CI) e no espectro biblioteconômico-informacional, relacionado a diversos outros conceitos como serviços de informação, competências em informação, produtos de informação, tecnologias de informação, gestão da informação. Objetiva abordar as perspectivas teórico-conceituais e tipológicas da mediação da informação, estabelecendo intercorrências com os serviços de informação, contemplando aplicações mútuas no desiderato da mediação implícita e explícita. Utiliza como percurso metodológico a pesquisa bibliográfica, estabelecendo diálogo com obras diversas como livros e artigos sobre as temáticas “mediação” e “serviços de informação”. Os resultados demonstram que há várias possibilidades de aplicação da mediação implícita e explícita, tanto para a fundamentação das pesquisas sobre mediação da informação, quanto para práticas profissionais em ambientes de informação. Conclui-se que as relações entre mediação e serviços de informação demonstram o amplo caráter técnico, pedagógico e institucional na CI e nas práticas profissionais nos ambientes de informação.
Estratégia de marketing digital para unidades informacionais: Estudo dos websites de Arquivos e Bibliotecas Públicas Estaduais.
Authors: Giroto Luan , Formentini Rosangela
Published: October 2017

A web como contexto de possibilidades de comunicação e interação informacional permite potencializar os equipamentos culturais como Arquivos e Bibliotecas Públicas Estaduais no contexto de visibilidade e participação democrática. Os arquivos e bibliotecas podem utilizar de um arcabouço de marketing digital para aproximação do público-alvo, oportunidade de aprimoramento de serviços online além de, disseminar a informação no ambiente digital em prol do desenvolvimento de comunidades. A pesquisa justifica-se diante dos poucos estudos existentes dessa natureza na área de ciência da informação e acredita-se que os resultados corroboram no desenvolvimento da disseminação da informação mediante o conhecimento do marketing digital para os equipamentos culturais. Assim, a problemática da pesquisa concentra-se na disseminação da informação por meio de indicadores de marketing digital em websites de unidades informacionais.  O objetivo do estudo propôs levantar aspectos conceituais de marketing digital para websites de arquivos e bibliotecas. Desse modo, os indicadores gerais são: Atração de usuários, Interação, Conteúdo, Relacionamento, Personalização e Promoção. Ressalta-se que cada indicador possui subcategorias para que se possam averiguar os websites. O estudo é de abordagem qualitativa com a metodologia de pesquisa documental dos websites das instituições. Posteriormente, realizou-se uma análise comparativa entre as páginas verificadas.  O universo de pesquisa se constitui de vinte e quatro páginas oficiais no total. Nesse contexto, os arquivos e as bibliotecas, ao utilizar-se do marketing digital e, perante os novos paradigmas sociais, tecnológicos, econômicos e contextuais, passam a integrar estrategicamente um cenário de maior disponibilização de informações, abordando inúmeras vantagens para a visibilidade institucional, promoção e reconhecimento das esferas públicas.
Marilda Lopes Ginez de Lara
Authors: Crippa Giulia
Published: October 2017

Entrevista - Marilda Lopes Ginez de Lara
Arquivo e arte contemporânea: perspectivas da Ciência da Informação
Authors: Rodrigues Bruno Cesar
Published: October 2017

Resenha de ARANTES, Priscila. Re/escrituras da arte contemporânea: história, arquivo e mídia. Porto Alegre: Sulina, 2015.
Corrupção e ineficiência em licitações de governos locais e desenvolvimento humano: novas reflexões
Authors: Laurinho Ícaro Saraiva , Dias Lidiane Nazaré da Silva , Mattos Carlos André Corrêa de
Published: October 2017

Corrupção e ineficiência em contratações públicas e a associação com nível de desenvolvimento humano têm sido evidenciados em diversos países e governos. O presente artigo analisa a associação de irregularidades identificadas em licitações na função saúde em municípios brasileiros nos anos de 2010 a 2012. A presença de irregularidade está associada a um baixo desenvolvimento humano dos municípios considerados. A reflexão feita aqui é que, apesar de não ser possível pela metodologia afirmar causalidade entre corrupção e baixo desenvolvimento humano, há indícios de que a existência de tais práticas pode estar justamente associada ao baixo índice de desenvolvimento humano existente. Como implicação prática sugere-se o aumento da transparência dos processos e da atuação dos órgãos de controle, dado que o ambiente social local pode facilitar práticas clientelistas que criam oportunidades favoráveis à corrupção.
Association of Pediatric Medical Emergency Teams With Hospital Mortality
Authors: Kutty Shelby , Jones Philip G. , Karels Quentin , Joseph Navya , Spertus John A. , Chan Paul S.
Published: October 2017

Background:

Implementation of medical emergency teams has been identified as a potential strategy to reduce hospital deaths, because these teams respond to patients with acute physiological decline in an effort to prevent in-hospital cardiac arrest. However, prior studies of the association between medical emergency teams and hospital mortality have been limited and typically have not accounted for preimplementation mortality trends.

Methods:

Within the Pediatric Health Information System for freestanding pediatric hospitals, annual risk-adjusted mortality rates were calculated for sites between 2000 and 2015. A random slopes interrupted time series analysis then examined whether implementation of a medical emergency team was associated with lower-than-expected mortality rates based on preimplementation trends.

Results:

Across 38 pediatric hospitals, mean annual hospital admission volume was 15 854 (range, 6684–33 024), and there were a total of 1 659 059 hospitalizations preimplementation and 4 392 392 hospitalizations postimplementation. Before medical emergency team implementation, hospital mortality decreased by 6.0% annually (odds ratio [OR], 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92–0.96) across all hospitals. After medical emergency team implementation, hospital mortality continued to decrease by 6% annually (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.93–0.95), with no deepening of the mortality slope (ie, not lower OR) in comparison with the preimplementation trend, for the overall cohort (
P
=0.98) or when analyzed separately within each of the 38 study hospitals. Five years after medical emergency team implementation across study sites, there was no difference between predicted (hospital mean of 6.18 deaths per 1000 admissions based on preimplementation trends) and actual mortality rates (hospital mean of 6.48 deaths per 1000 admissions;
P
=0.57).

Conclusions:

Implementation of medical emergency teams in a large sample of pediatric hospitals in the United States was not associated with a reduction in hospital mortality beyond existing preimplementation trends.
Tryptophan-Derived 3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid Contributes to Angiotensin II–Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation in Mice In Vivo
Authors: Wang Qiongxin , Ding Ye , Song Ping , Zhu Huaiping , Okon Imoh , Ding Yang-Nan , Chen Hou-Zao , Liu De-Pei , Zou Ming-Hui
Published: October 2017

Background:

Abnormal amino acid metabolism is associated with vascular disease. However, the causative link between dysregulated tryptophan metabolism and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is unknown.

Methods:

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism. Mice with deficiencies in both apolipoprotein e (Apoe) and IDO (Apoe
–/–
/IDO
–/–
) were generated by cross-breeding IDO
–/–
mice with Apoe
–/–
mice.

Results:

The acute infusion of angiotensin II markedly increased the incidence of AAA in Apoe
–/–
mice, but not in Apoe
–/–
/IDO
–/–
mice, which presented decreased elastic lamina degradation and aortic expansion. These features were not altered by the reconstitution of bone marrow cells from IDO
+/+
mice. Moreover, angiotensin II infusion instigated interferon-γ, which induced the expression of IDO and kynureninase and increased 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA) levels in the plasma and aortas of Apoe
–/–
mice, but not in IDO
–/–
mice. Both IDO and kynureninase controlled the production of 3-HAA in vascular smooth muscle cells. 3-HAA upregulated matrix metallopeptidase 2 via transcription factor nuclear factor-κB. Furthermore, kynureninase knockdown in mice restrained 3-HAA, matrix metallopeptidase 2, and resultant AAA formation by angiotensin II infusion. Intraperitoneal injections of 3-HAA into Apoe
–/–
and Apoe
–/–
/IDO
–/–
mice for 6 weeks increased the expression and activity of matrix metallopeptidase 2 in aortas without affecting metabolic parameters. Finally, human AAA samples had stronger staining with the antibodies against 3-HAA, IDO, and kynureninase than those in adjacent nonaneurysmal aortic sections of human AAA samples.

Conclusions:

These data define a previously undescribed causative role for 3-HAA, which is a product of tryptophan metabolism, in AAA formation. Furthermore, these findings suggest that 3-HAA reduction may be a new target for treating cardiovascular diseases.
A CRITIQUE OF LAURENCE BONJOUR’S CENTRAL ARGUMENTS FOR A PRIORI FALLIBILISM
Authors: Nottelmann Nikolaj
Published: October 2017

This paper urges that Laurence BonJour fails to make the case for an all-out a priori fallibilism “as clear as anything philosophical could be.” Firstly, the paper introduces a number of distinctions of vital importance to the relevant debate. On the basis of those distinctions, it is argued that several interesting a priori infallibilist claims are not targeted by BonJour’s central a priori fallibilist arguments. After this, the paper confronts BonJour’s arguments on their own terms, attempts to fairly regiment them, and ensuingly brings out their weaknesses, thus regimented.
Superparamagnetism and Other Magnetic Features in Granular Materials: A Review on Ideal and Real Systems
Authors: Knobel M. , Nunes W. C. , Socolovsky L. M. , De Biasi E. , Vargas J. M. , Denardin J. C.
Published: October 2017

An overview on magnetic of nanostructured magnetic materials is presented, with particular emphasis on the basic features displayed by granular nanomagnetic solids. Besides a review of the basic concepts and experimental techniques, the role of structural disorder (mainly the distribution
of grain sizes), interparticle magnetic interactions and surface effects are also discussed with some detail. Recent results, models and trends on the area are also discussed.
Assessing the Stationarity of Australian Precipitation Extremes in Forced and Unforced CMIP5 Simulations
Authors: Lewis Sophie C.
Published: October 2017

Knowledge of the range of precipitation variability and extremes is restricted in regions such as Australia, where instrumental records are short and paleoclimatic records are limited in spatial and temporal extent and resolution. In such comparatively data-poor regions, there is limited context for understanding the statistical unusualness of recently observed extreme events, such as heavy rain and drought, and the influence of stochastic and anthropogenic forcings on their magnitude. This study attempts to further understandings of the range of forced and unforced variability using CMIP5 climate models. Focusing on extremes in the magnitude of monthly, seasonal, and annual precipitation, the distribution of instrumental-period observed precipitation in various Australian regions is compared to simulated precipitation in historical experiments as well as various long experiment (preindustrial control and Last Millennium) and anthropogenically forced simulations of the twenty-first century (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5). There is no systematic increase in the magnitude of simulated extremes corresponding to the length of model simulations, although many realizations reveal higher magnitude extremes compared to those observed, suggesting that the duration of the instrumental record may not capture the potential severity of stochastically driven extremes. A coherent increase in both wet and dry extremes is simulated throughout Australian regions in high greenhouse gas emissions scenarios, demonstrating a forced hydrological response.
Collective Action and Constraints on Repression at the Endgame
Authors: Dragu Tiberiu , Lupu Yonatan
Published: October 2017

How can human rights abuses be prevented or reduced? Using a simple game-theoretic model, we demonstrate that repression can become a coordination game when the potential for abuses is greatest: when dissent against a regime has grown sufficiently powerful. In such scenarios, repression depends on how the leader’s agents coordinate on implementing a repression order. If and to the extent agents believe other agents will not comply with an order to repress, leaders can expect agents to disobey orders and will be less likely to order repression. This logic of expectations constitutes a third mechanism for constraining repression, in addition to sanctioning (i.e., the logic of consequences) and normative mechanisms (i.e., the logic of appropriateness). We formally explore how the logic of expectations can constrain the implementation of repression and also show that the logic of expectations has the greatest potential to constrain repression in middle regimes or “anocracies.” In turn, this has broader implications for the strategies human rights advocates use in such regimes, how leaders structure their security forces, and for the study of why legal rules might be especially effective in such regimes.
Land Ahoy! Understanding Submarine Command and Control During the Completion of Inshore Operations
Authors: Roberts Aaron P. J. , Stanton Neville A. , Fay Daniel
Published: October 2017

Objective:

The aim of this study was to use multiple command teams to provide empirical evidence for understanding communication flow, information pertinence, and tasks undertaken in a submarine control room when completing higher- and lower-demand inshore operation (INSO) scenarios.

Background:

The focus of submarine operations has changed, and submarines are increasingly required to operate in costal littoral zones. However, submarine command team performance during INSO is not well understood, particularly from a sociotechnical systems perspective.

Method:

A submarine control-room simulator was built. The creation of networked workstations allowed a team of nine operators to perform tasks completed by submarine command teams during INSO. The Event Analysis of Systematic Teamwork method was used to model the social, task, and information networks and to describe command team performance. Ten teams were recruited for the study, affording statistical comparisons of how command-team roles and level of demand affected performance.

Results:

Results indicated that the submarine command-team members are required to rapidly integrate sonar and visual data as the periscope is used, periodically, in a “duck-and-run” fashion, to maintain covertness. The fusion of such information is primarily completed by the operations officer (OPSO), with this operator experiencing significantly greater demand than any other operator.

Conclusion:

The OPSO was a bottleneck in the command team when completing INSO, experiencing similar load in both scenarios, suggesting that the command team may benefit from data synthesis tasks being more evenly distributed within the command team.

Application:

The work can inform future control-room design and command-team ways of working by identifying bottlenecks in terms of information and task flow between operators.
Burnout in U.K. Prison Officers: The Role of Personality
Authors: Lovell Brian , Brown Rebecca
Published: October 2017

The study assessed the role of personality on burnout in prison officers. About 120 U.K. prison officers completed questionnaires assessing three dimensions of burnout, the “big five” personality variables, and locus of control. Neuroticism predicted emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment, and locus of control predicted all burnout dimensions. Prison officers higher in neuroticism and with an external locus of control might be at greater risk for burnout. Future studies might examine whether stress-management interventions alleviate officer burnout, with particular attention to officers whose personality profile places them “at risk.”
Working against many grains: Rethinking difference, emancipation and agency in the counter-discourse of an ethnic minority women’s organisation in Belgium
Authors: Van Den Brandt Nella , Longman Chia
Published: October 2017

In this article, we aim to contribute to feminist academic debates about multiculturalism and secularism/religion by drawing upon an analysis of an ethnic minority women’s organisation in Belgium that has been active since 1999: ella. The analysis focuses upon the way in which ella constructs notions of empowerment and emancipation by discussing structural inequalities, cultural-ethnic values and religious authority and identity. First, we look at how ella formulates its ideas about the emancipation trajectories of minoritised women and the potential role of religious belonging. Second, we look at ella’s discussion of religious interpretation and gender/sexual diversity. Here, we explore assumptions about the relationship between religious authority and minoritised women’s and LGBTQs’ desires and pursuit for knowledge. We conclude by considering ella as an affirmative-critical actor of multiculturalism, and an implicit agent of religious reform.
The Integration of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning into the Discipline of Sociology
Authors: McKinney Kathleen
Published: October 2017

Despite decades of sociology scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) research, integration of SoTL in sociology remains insufficient. First, some reasons for the insufficient integration of SoTL in the discipline are noted, and the foci of publications on the history and status of the SoTL in sociology are briefly summarized. Literature related to three questions about the integration of SoTL in sociology is then presented: (1) To what degree are theories, methods, and research findings of the discipline used in sociology SoTL? (2) Is there strong disciplinary support and recognition for SoTL and involvement in SoTL in departments and professional organizations? (3) Do sociologists use SoTL findings in the practice of teaching and learning in the discipline? Finally, some existing and new strategies to increase integration are described.
Paid Domestic Work: Gender and the Informal Economy in Mexico
Authors: Rojas-García Georgina , Toledo González Mónica Patricia
Published: October 2017

A consideration of paid domestic work as an aspect of the informal economy in Mexico identifies some distinctive features: a paternalistic view rather than a labor relation based on a contract, a reluctance on the part of the state to regulate this employment area, and a devaluation of this work as something largely performed by women who are poor and of rural or indigenous origin. The lack of social security is almost universal among paid domestic workers, and coverage is one of the principal demands of organizations formed in defense of their rights.

Un análisis del trabajo doméstico remunerado como un aspecto de la economía informal en México muestra algunos rasgos distintivos: una visión paternalista por encima de una relación laboral basada en un contrato, una renuencia por parte del Estado a regular esta ocupación laboral, y una devaluación de dicho trabajo como algo que realizan en gran parte las mujeres pobres y de origen rural o indígena. La falta de un seguro social es casi universal entre los trabajadores domésticos remunerados, y su otorgamiento constituye una de las principales exigencias por parte de las organizaciones en defensa de los derechos de dichos empleados.
Predicting Support for Reconciliation in Separatist Conflict
Authors: Mashuri Ali , van Leeuwen Esther
Published: October 2017

The current research examined two fundamental motives that could lie at the root of separatist groups’ desire to be independent from the nonseparatist majority: the need to maintain the own subgroup identity and the need to preserve power vis-à-vis the majority. These motives were examined in two studies through surveys among samples of indigenous people in West Papua ( N = 201 and N = 248), where separatist movements are actively striving for secession from the Republic of Indonesia. As expected, identity threat increased perceptions of injustice in both studies, whereas power threat increased the need for subgroup empowerment. Perceived injustice and need for subgroup empowerment, in turn, decreased support for reconciliation with the majority. The current research is the first to examine how identity and power motives combine in predicting separatist intentions. The studies reveal important insights that can contribute to the reconciliation of separatist conflict.
Factors affecting cloud ERP adoption in Saudi Arabia: An empirical study
Authors: AlBar Adnan Mustafa , Hoque Md. Rakibul
Published: October 2017

Cloud ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems have represented a paradigm shift in the information systems domain. They can provide flexibility, cost efficiency, scalability, adaptability, availability and configurable data to any type of company. This system has enjoyed rapid growth around the world. However, the adoption of cloud ERP in developing Middle Eastern countries such as Saudi Arabia is still in its infancy, and little research has been done to investigate this issue. This study examined the factors that influence the adoption of cloud ERP in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by combining the Diffusion of Innovation theory (DOI) and Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework. The study found that a competitive environment, complexity, ICT infrastructure, observability, relative advantage, regulatory environment, ICT skill and top management support had a significant influence ( p < 0.05) on the adoption of cloud ERP, while compatibility, organizational culture and trialability had no significant ( p > 0.05) impact. The findings of this study will offer practical guidelines to the successful adoption of cloud ERP in Saudi Arabia and assist other developing countries in similar circumstances in planning and up-taking cloud ERP services.
Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT)-BIG to improve motor function in people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: McDonnell Michelle N , Rischbieth Briony , Schammer Tenille T , Seaforth Chantel , Shaw Alex J , Phillips Anna C
Published: October 2017

Objective:

The technique called Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT)-LOUD has previously been used to improve voice quality in people with Parkinson’s disease. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an alternate intervention, LSVT-BIG (signifying big movements), to improve functional mobility.

Design:

Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Data sources:

Medline, Embase, CINAHL, AgeLine, Scopus and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to September 2017 using multiple search terms related to Parkinson’s disease and LSVT-BIG.

Review method:

Two researchers searched the literature for studies of the LSVT-BIG intervention of 16 sessions, delivered by a certified instructor over four weeks, to any other intervention. Outcomes related to functional ability were included. Study quality was appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.

Results:

Four studies were included, reporting on three randomized trials of 84 participants with mild Parkinson’s disease. Compared to physiotherapy exercises, or a shorter training protocol, there was a significant improvement in motor function assessed with the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (mean difference = −3.20, 95% confidence interval = −5.18 to −1.23) and a trend towards faster Timed Up and Go performance (mean difference = −0.47, 95% confidence interval = −0.99 to 0.06) and 10-metre walk test (mean difference = −0.53, 95% confidence interval = −1.07 to 0.01).

Conclusion:

Compared to shorter format LSVT-BIG or general exercise, LSVT-BIG was more effective at improving motor function. This provides preliminary, moderate quality evidence that amplitude-oriented training is effective in reducing motor impairments for people with mild Parkinson’s disease.
In Vivo Measurements of the Ischiofemoral Space in Recreationally Active Participants During Dynamic Activities: A High-Speed Dual Fluoroscopy Study
Authors: Atkins Penny R. , Fiorentino Niccolo M. , Aoki Stephen K. , Peters Christopher L. , Maak Travis G. , Anderson Andrew E.
Published: October 2017

Background:

Ischiofemoral impingement (IFI) is a dynamic process, but its diagnosis is often based on static, supine images.

Purpose:

To couple 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) models with dual fluoroscopy (DF) images to quantify in vivo hip motion and the ischiofemoral space (IFS) in asymptomatic participants during weightbearing activities and evaluate the relationship of dynamic measurements with sex, hip kinematics, and the IFS measured from axial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Eleven young, asymptomatic adults (5 female) were recruited. 3D reconstructions of the femur and pelvis were generated from MRI and CT. The axial and 3D IFS were measured from supine MRI. In vivo hip motion during weightbearing activities was quantified using DF. The bone-to-bone distance between the lesser trochanter and ischium was measured dynamically. The minimum and maximum IFS were determined and evaluated against hip joint angles using a linear mixed-effects model.

Results:

The minimum IFS occurred during external rotation for 10 of 11 participants. The IFS measured from axial MRI (mean, 23.7 mm [95% CI, 19.9-27.9]) was significantly greater than the minimum IFS observed during external rotation (mean, 10.8 mm [95% CI, 8.3-13.7]; P < .001), level walking (mean, 15.5 mm [95% CI, 11.4-19.7]; P = .007), and incline walking (mean, 15.8 mm [95% CI, 11.6-20.1]; P = .004) but not for standing. The IFS was reduced with extension (β = 0.66), adduction (β = 0.22), and external rotation (β = 0.21) ( P < .001 for all) during the dynamic activities observed. The IFS was smaller in female than male participants for standing (mean, 20.9 mm [95% CI, 19.3-22.3] vs 30.4 mm [95% CI, 27.2-33.8], respectively; P = .034), level walking (mean, 8.8 mm [95% CI, 7.5-9.9] vs 21.1 mm [95% CI, 18.7-23.6], respectively; P = .001), and incline walking (mean, 9.1 mm [95% CI, 7.4-10.8] vs 21.3 mm [95% CI, 18.8-24.1], respectively; P = .003). Joint angles between the sexes were not significantly different for any of the dynamic positions of interest.

Conclusion:

The minimum IFS during dynamic activities was smaller than axial MRI measurements. Compared with male participants, the IFS in female participants was reduced during standing and walking, despite a lack of kinematic differences between the sexes. The relationship between the IFS and hip joint angles suggests that the hip should be placed into greater extension, adduction, and external rotation in clinical examinations and imaging, as the IFS measured from static images, especially in a neutral orientation, may not accurately represent the minimum IFS during dynamic motion. Nevertheless, this statement must be interpreted with caution, as only asymptomatic participants were analyzed herein.
Changing horses in midstream: Leadership changes and the civil war peace process
Authors: Ryckman Kirssa Cline , Braithwaite Jessica Maves
Published: October 2017

We examine the impact of governmental leadership changes on the civil war peace process. In line with the literature on leadership changes and interstate war, we argue that transitions can help overcome lags in the rational updating process, leading to negotiations and termination through negotiated settlements. However, while studies of interstate relations emphasize the role of “outsider” changes that produce new winning coalitions, we argue that owing to the critical nature of credible commitment problems within the civil war peace process, only “insider” changes can generate the benefits of leadership change while mitigating uncertainty generated by leadership turnover. Using existing and original data on changes in governmental leadership, we find support for our expectations. Leadership changes can produce conditions favorable to negotiations and settlements, but only changes from inside the existing regime should be encouraged to avoid prolonging the conflict.
Suspected Rhinolithiasis Associated With Endodontic Disease in a Cat
Authors: Ng Kevin , Fiani Nadine , Peralta Santiago
Published: October 2017

Rhinoliths are rare, intranasal, mineralized masses formed via the precipitation of mineral salts around an intranasal nidus. Clinical signs are typically consistent with inflammatory rhinitis and nasal obstruction, but asymptomatic cases are possible. Rhinoliths may be classified as exogenous or endogenous depending on the origin of the nidus, with endogenous rhinoliths reportedly being less common. This case report describes a suspected case of endogenous rhinolithiasis in a cat which was detected as an incidental finding during radiographic assessment of a maxillary canine tooth with endodontic disease. Treatment consisted of removal of the suspected rhinolith via a transalveolar approach after surgical extraction of the maxillary canine tooth.
Extremely Latin, XOXO: Notes on LatinX
Authors: Milian Claudia
Published: October 2017

This special issue on Theorizing LatinX explores the cultural and political representations of the LatinX category and its widespread dissemination. The forum’s range of interlocutors—Russell Contreras, María DeGuzmán, Patricia Engel, R. Galvan, Nicole Guidotti-Hernández, Claudia Milian, Richard T. Rodríguez, and Antonio Viego—differently approach and account for the exteriority, variability, and visibility of the X. There is no consensus or general theory on this critical contemporary matter, but the contributors’ in-depth reflections and inquiries provide a provocative intellectual background for this term through conceptual exploration, fiction, the American headline, art, and the literary imagination.
On naming ourselves, or: When I was a spic
Authors: Engel Patricia
Published: October 2017

A Colombian-American writer contemplates labels that have been applied to the Latino/a/x community over the years.
The X factor: The struggle to get Latinos in US news stories amid a Latinx push and a changing journalism landscape
Authors: Contreras Russell
Published: October 2017

Latinos make up only 5.4 percent of the overall newsroom workforce in the United States. Over the last 15 years, US media outlets have disbanded urban affairs or minority affairs beats and teams altogether. Various studies suggest Latino and African American communities continue to be under-covered by US media outlets, further marginalizing their narratives in the US experience. And for years, US media outlets have struggled on the terms used to describe people of Spanish-speaking heritage: Hispanic, Latino, Mexican American, etc. Now, because of the political empowerment LGBT residents, there is a movement to describe Latinos using the term “LatinX” — a gender-neutral alternative to Latino and Latina. The term was an attempt to incorporate individuals who didn’t identify with a gender or who were transgender. As the US media struggles to accurately portray Latinos, the term “Latinx” faces an uphill battle for mainstream media use amid pressures for basic coverage. The author argues that “Latinx” in stories neutralized gender for the sake of inclusion and could result in ignoring the oppression around gender identity and sexuality.
Power-sharing ‘discontinuities’: Legitimacy, rivalry, and credibility
Authors: Pant Saurabh
Published: October 2017

Power-sharing arrangements between a leader and a popular outsider can be mutually beneficial and threatening. The literature has focused primarily on the former’s trade-off where a leader gains legitimacy when sharing power with a respected outsider but also subsequently creates a rival who could challenge their rule. Yet this outsider also faces a simultaneous trade-off between power and credibility in acquiescing to the leadership. I incorporate both coinciding trade-offs in developing a formal model to examine such power-sharing arrangements which have been prevalent historically and currently. I illustrate a ‘discontinuity’ in optimal power sharing where a leader either shares nothing or shares a specific amount to compensate the rival for the rival’s lost credibility. Counterintuitively, I further show that the leader should share more power with less trustworthy rivals to reduce their strong incentives to challenge. I then revisit the Investiture Controversy in medieval Europe using these insights from the model.
Model-based prediction of steering response
Authors: Lee Eun Jae , Lee Jong Hyup , Choi Seibum Ben , Gil Gibin
Published: October 2017

To predict steering response, this paper proposes a string tire model based on relaxation length and a vehicle model designed by using effective cornering force. The cornering force, lateral static, and distortion characteristics of a tire are significant factors that describe steering response. Nevertheless, it is difficult to define the contribution of each factor when a tire’s cornering motion is evaluated through subjective assessment. A new concept of tire model, which adopts distortion stiffness ([Formula: see text]), is defined. A modified vehicle dynamics model is adapted to represent tire force lag and converted cornering stiffness ([Formula: see text]) based on effective cornering force. This integration scheme is proposed to provide a more accurate modeling for steering response performance. The integration model is confirmed by dynamic response and validated through comparison with a steering response assessment by a subjective test engineer. The test results demonstrate the ability of this approach to predict steering response.
A quarter-car suspension model for dynamic evaluations of an in-wheel electric vehicle
Authors: Kulkarni Ambarish , Ranjha Sagheer A , Kapoor Ajay
Published: October 2017

Electric vehicles (EVs) are an alternative architecture in the automotive industry that provide reduced emissions. This research has developed a switch reluctance motor (SRM) in-wheel drivetrain for an EV. SRM drivetrains are cheaper and do not use rare earth elements unlike a permanent magnet motor (PMM). Conversely, the in-wheel SRM has a drawback of an increased mass on the suspension when compared with an equivalent power output PMM drivetrain. This situation results in an increased mass at the wheels; hence, a suspension analysis is required. This paper discusses the suspension dynamics evaluated using a quarter-car simulation of an in-wheel SRM EV and compares it to the internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle. The simulation used step loads derived design scenarios, namely (1) sprung, (2) unsprung and (3) driver’s seat. Further Bode plot analysis techniques were used to determine the ride comfort range for the developed EV.
Forcing change from the outside? The role of trade-labour linkages in transforming Vietnam's labour regime
Authors: Tran Angie N , Bair Jennifer , Werner Marion
Published: October 2017

Do trade-labour linkages improve the conditions and rights of workers in low-wage countries? We consider this question in Vietnam, a market economy with socialist orientation that has seen rapid growth in export manufacturing and foreign direct investment, while signing regional trade agreements, which include labour rights provisions, with high-income trading partners. Our paper focuses on two such agreements – the Trans-Pacific Partnership and the European Union-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement. We ask how, if at all, these negotiations have influenced changes in Vietnam's labour regime, particularly regarding the representation and participation of workers in the country's system of industrial relations. Comparing binding and nonbinding provisions, we find that the effects of trade-labour linkages are mediated by their enforceability, and prospects for strengthening associational rights are improved by the possibility of commercial sanction. Overall, we find that gains for workers in Vietnam continue to be made by collective action, despite a context hostile to freedom of association, and that external influences to improve labour standards and conditions have had a minimal effect.
Development and testing of an instrument to determine Musical Fit in audio–visual advertising
Authors: Herget Ann-Kristin , Schramm Holger , Breves Priska
Published: October 2017

Over the past three decades, several studies have explored the concept of Musical Fit in audio–visual advertising. However, a central problem is the inconsistency of the results derived from these studies. The current level of knowledge does not make it possible to safely predict whether and how Musical Fit influences recipients’ attention, brand and product recall, and positive attitudes toward commercials, including purchase intentions. One origin of this problem is the lack of a coherent definition and operationalization of Musical Fit. Therefore, this article describes the development of a transparent and applicable instrument to identify and determine Musical Fit in audio–visual advertising. Starting from music’s function of transporting and inducing emotions and its ability to communicate referential meaning, we designed a classification system for relating music to the three most important reference points of a commercial: the narration, the product, and/or the target group. Accordingly, Single, Double, and Perfect Musical Fit can be distinguished and classified into different types. To test whether the developed instrument is applicable in practice, we conducted a quantitative content analysis of 594 German TV commercials. After two pilot tests, the inter-coder reliability of two different coders improved to an average of .80, providing an indication of the instrument’s practicability. Surprisingly, the most common Musical Fit types were a Single Fit to Narration (50%), a matching largely unaddressed in studies to date, a Double Fit to Narration and Product (21%), and a Perfect Fit (15%), the type that is most difficult to create.
Presentation of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma in a Warthin Tumor: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jawad Hadeel , McCarthy Peter , O’Leary Gerard , Heffron Cynthia C.
Published: October 2017

Warthin tumor is the second most common salivary gland neoplasm. It occurs more commonly in males than in females. Malignant transformation in Warthin tumor is a rare but well-recognized phenomenon; however, the development or presentation of lymphoma in a Warthin tumor is rare. An 80-year-old man presented with painless mass of the right parotid gland of 2 years duration with recent ulceration of the overlying skin and right cervical lymphadenopathy underwent a surgical resection of parotid mass and biopsy of the periglandular lymph nodes. The histological diagnosis was malignant lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, present within the stroma of a Warthin tumor, and also present within the adjacent lymph node. This case is the third reported case describing a collision of Warthin tumor and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. It also emphasizes the importance of careful examination of the lymphoid stroma of these tumors.
Unfurling Rigor: On Continuity and Change in Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Bochner Arthur P.
Published: October 2017

This article urges qualitative researchers to understand the work they do as inspired by practical concerns rather than by its ontological and/or cognitive status as science. It is time to let go and move on from the inherited vocabulary of scientific rigor. Excessive focus on rigor impedes and distracts from talking about other, more important, problems such as the ethical commitments, moral importance, and artfulness of qualitative inquiry. Calls for greater scientific rigor mistake the abstract for the concrete and may mask the covert intention to delegitimate experiential, performative, autoethnographic, and evocative approaches to inquiry that understand qualitative inquiry as a moral, ethical, and political venture. The rule of rigor, if there is to be one, should be pragmatic and literary not scientific, and qualitative researchers and should feel obliged to turn life inside out and upside down, investigating what it means to be alive and to produce just societies.
Composing Techniques: Choreographing a Postqualitative Writing Practice
Authors: Ulmer Jasmine Brooke
Published: October 2017

Writing can be a (playful) practice that develops through techniques. To illustrate, I draw from the works of Erin Manning to describe how I take up techniques in both writing and dance. I then suggest several potential techniques for fostering a postqualitative writing practice: following creative impulses, situating writing within concepts, and finding time to not write. Discussions of these techniques are augmented by a series of play spaces in which readers might choose to experiment by folding, cutting together-apart, slowing, and more. The play spaces are designed to encourage readers to consider how they might invent techniques for their own practices. Significantly, writing techniques shape practices that emphasize how and why writing becomes. Without examining writing habits and how they might develop further through techniques, we risk holding scholarly writing in stasis and limiting its future only to what already has been done.
Using Concept as Method in Educational and Social Science Inquiry
Authors: Taguchi Hillevi Lenz , St.Pierre Elizabeth Adams
Published: October 2017

This article introduces this special issue of Qualitative Inquiry focused on using concepts as methods in educational and social science inquiry to account for an ontological arrangement in which humans are not seen as the only beginning of inquiry and in which transcendental and/or radical empiricism is in play. With the articles of this issue, we would like to offer a partly new or reconceptualized way of doing educational inquiry: a way where concepts—acts of thought—are practices that reorient thinking, undo the theory/practice binary, and open inquiry to new possibilities.
How It Feels to Think: Experiencing Intellectual Invention
Authors: Savransky Martin
Published: October 2017

This article explores some aspects of what happens, and what can happen, in the complex practice we commonly refer to as “thinking.” Of all the practices involved in the messy processes we call research, “thinking” is perhaps the most pervasive and widespread. Yet, it also remains the most opaque. Thinking happens, but it is seldom spoken about. The theories we normally engage with never say how they come about. Surely, philosophers of various traditions have dedicated countless pages to the question of what thought is, and some social scientists have recently attempted to theorize “methods” of theorizing in research. Such accounts, however, tend to remain at odds with the hesitant, playful, and profoundly eventful experience of thinking-feeling in and through research. The experience, that is, that thoughts often think other thoughts, that they happen to us, and that thinking therefore involves an art of learning to confer on ideas the capacity to make us think. In this article, I seek not to make grand claims about the nature of thought, but to make perceptible the dramatic and perplexing experience that thinking can constitute. In so doing, I draw on the work of philosopher of heuristics, Judith Schlanger, whose central aim has been to come to terms with the adventure of what she terms “intellectual invention.” The task is to open up a different—if never fully transparent—conversation about how it feels to think.