bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculating vessel capacity from the Neolithic sites of Lugo di Grezzana (VR) and Riparo Gaban (TN) through 3D graphics software
Authors: Tavella Andrea , Ciela Marika , Chistè Paolo , Pedrotti Annaluisa
Published: March 2022

This paper reports new data about the estimation of the volumetric capacity of ceramic vessels from the Neolithic sites of Lugo di Grezzana (Verona, Italy) and Riparo Gaban (Trento, Italy). The methodological protocol is based on a free and open source 3D computer graphics software, called Blender®. The estimate of the volumetric capacity has been relied from the graphic elaboration of the archaeology drawing of the artifacts. Through the calculation of volume has been possible to obtain an estimation of the total capacity of the vessels, proposing two types of content. Subsequently, the volumetric data was related to diameter/height ratio of each ceramic vessel, in order to define a range of variability in each typological class. Data from both sites were later compared, highlighted for the most part of them a specific distribution that could be a consequence of different functional uses and/or cultural models. This paper concludes the preliminary results presented at the 2020 IMEKO TC4 International Conference on Metrology and Archaeology for Cultural Heritage.
Banded vaults with independent arches: analysis of case studies in Turin baroque atria
Authors: Natta Fabrizio
Published: March 2022

This contribution presents a part of the work and the methodology applied to it developed for the realization of an international research project aimed at the analysis and preservation of an architectural heritage characteristic of Turin's baroque architecture: the ‘a fasce’ vaults, locally named as ‘a fascioni’.

This architectural solution, used by important architects, such as Guarini up to the local workers, to cover spaces of various sizes, has found in the court of Turin area a wide application in buildings atria.

A considerable number of banded vaulted atria were identified and surveyed by the research group to recognize and investigate those whose bands are generated from independent arches.

The objective is the comparison of metric and geometric data between ideal models and realizations over time, to evaluate their variations and understand a constructive methodology through three-dimensional modeling.
Ancient metrology in architecture: a new approach in the study of the Roman bridge of Canosa di Puglia (Italy)
Authors: Germano’ Germano
Published: March 2022

The bridge of Canosa di Puglia (Italy) was originally built in the 2nd century CE to cross the Ofanto river along the Via Traiana, the route built at the behest of Emperor Trajan that connected Rome with the port of Brindisi, on the Adriatic Sea. Restorations, collapses and architectural transformations have deeply altered its original structure over the centuries, making it lose the traces of a monumental central arch. Archival and field research, conducted through various surveys, has produced new data that has provided an update of the bridge's history. The aim of this dissertation is to show the results of a research conducted with a new methodological approach to the monument, applying ancient metrology to the interpretation of its architectural evolution. This method has proven to be indispensable to formulate hypotheses about the original configuration of the bridge, whose central arch would result to be one of the widest among the bridges of the Roman architecture.
Characterization of the Santa Maria del Fiore cupola construction tools using X-ray fluorescence
Authors: Es Sebar Leila , Iannucci Leonardo , Grassini Sabrina , Angelini Emma , Parvis Marco , Bernardoni Andrea , Neuwahl Alexander , Filardi Rita
Published: March 2022

This paper presents the characterization of different tools employed in the construction of the Santa Maria del Fiore cathedral in Florence; they are part of the Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore collection and are currently exhibited in the Museo dell’Opera del Duomo. The analysed objects are turnbuckles, pulleys, three-legged lewises, and pincers; indeed, despite their uniqueness and their importance from the historical point of view, this study is the first one that investigates their alloys composition. Actually, this information can be of great interest for curators to find the best conservation strategies and to have new insights on the production techniques typical of the Renaissance. The study was performed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) in order to identify the materials constituting the objects. Then, XRF spectra were analysed using chemometric techniques, namely Principal Components Analysis (PCA), in order to investigate possible similarities among different alloys and thus provide new indications to help collocating these tools in a specific historical period.
Towards a digital database of Sardinian II WW military heritage: a first repertoire in the territory of Cagliari
Authors: Pirinu Andrea , Martínez-Medina Andrés , Paba Nicola
Published: March 2022

The paper illustrates the decisions behind the creation of a digital database of military architectures built in Sardinia during the Second World War. This stylistic repertoire is characterized by an interesting historical-cultural and landscape value and composed by more than 1.500 artifacts positioned along the coast of the island to protect the major urban centers and the areas of strategic interest. A correct recovery and enhancement of these historical heritage necessarily needs a previous activity of knowledge and cataloging entrusted to integrated survey methods where digital and traditional tools works together to define an updatable and interoperable graphical model. The database become the place where studying these “stubborn ruins” also comparing geometry, materials and construction technique adopted in other countries. The need for mimesis has required an adaptation of the typological solutions designed by the Italian Military Genius and indicated in the archive documents offering interesting case studies. The first results of this path of knowledge is a complete catalog of small bunkers placed in the east sector of the territory of Cagliari, within the Natural Regional Park of Molentargius-Saline.
Solutions and limitations of the geomatic survey of an archaeological site in hard to access areas with a latest generation smartphone: the example of the Intihuatana stone in Machu Picchu (Peru)
Authors: Baiocchi Valerio , Del Pizzo Silvio , Monti Felicia , Pugliano Giovanni , Onori Matteo , Robustelli Umberto , Troisi Salvatore , Vatore Felicia , León Trujillo Francisco James
Published: March 2022

Archaeological remains need to be geometrically surveyed and set in absolute reference systems in order to allow a "virtual visit" and to create "digital twins" useful in case of deterioration for proper restoration. Some countries (e.g., Peru) have a vast archaeological heritage whose survey requires optimized procedures that allow high productivity while maintaining high standards of geometric accuracy. A large part of Peru's cultural heritage is located in remote areas, at high altitudes and not easily accessible. For this reason, it is of great interest to study the possible applications of easily transportable instruments. In this study it was verified how the capabilities of the latest smartphones in terms of absolute differential positioning and photogrammetric acquisition can allow the acquisition of a geometrically correct and georeferenced three-dimensional model. The experimentation concerned a new survey of the Intihuatana stones at Machu Picchu and its comparison with a previous survey carried out with a much more complex laser scanning instrumentation. It is important to note that both the photogrammetric survey and the GPS/GNSS survey were carried out with the same smartphone taking full advantage of both features of the same mobile phone. Relative comparison to an existing point cloud provided differences of 2 millimeters in mean with an RMSE of 2 cm. The absolute positioning accuracy compared to a very large-scale cartography appears to be of the order of one metre as was expected mainly due to the high distance of the GPS/GNSS permanent stations.
Analysis of peak-to-average power ratio in filter bank multicarrier with offset quadrature amplitude modulation systems using partial transmit sequence with shuffled frog leap optimization technique
Authors: Thejesh Kumar Ch. , Karpurapu Amit Bindaj , Mathur Mayank
Published: March 2022

Because of its low adjacent channel leakage ratio, the Filter Bank Multicarrier with Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (FBMC-OQAM) has sparked the attention of many researchers in recent times. However, the problem of high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) measurement has a detrimental influence upon the FBMC system's energy measurement efficiency. We study PAPR reduction of FBMC-OQAM signals using the Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) methods in this work. The PTS with shuffled frog leap phase optimization method is proposed in this paper to reduce the larger PAPR measurement, which is the major disadvantage of the filter bank multicarrier with offset quadrature amplitude modulation system. According to the simulation software findings, the suggested approach has a considerably superior PAPR, which may reduce the PAPR by about 2 dB at complementary cumulative distribution function 10-3 when compared to the traditional PTS method, and it has a much lower computational complexity than the previous ways. The experimental parameters are measured, and results are evaluated using MATLAB tool.
Extended buffer zone algorithm to reduce rerouting time in biotelemetry systems using sensing
Authors: Babu Bachina Surendra , Ramaraj Satish Kumar , Krishna Karuganti Phani Rama , Swetha Pinjerla
Published: March 2022

Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) routing methods must deal with connection breakdowns caused by frequent node movement, measurement and a dynamic network topology. In these cases, the protocol must discover alternate routes. Rerouting time refers to the lag that happens during this retransmission. Researchers have proposed many ways to reduce rerouting period. One such technique is buffer zone routing (BZR), which divides a node transmission region into a safe zone adjacent to the node and a hazardous zone towards the end of the broadcast range. This technique, however, has rare gaps and restrictions, such as the ideal dimensions of the buffer zone, a rise in hop duration, network stress, and so on. This study offers a method to improve or expand buffer zone communication by grouping nodes inside the buffer zone into virtual zones based on their energy flat. When the routing decisions are made quickly, the energy consumption of the nodes is minimized. In the safe area of extended BZR, transfer time is reduced, and routing efficiency is increased. It solves issues in the present algorithm and fills holes in it, decreasing the time required for rerouting in MANET.
Multilayer feature fusion using covariance for remote sensing scene classification
Authors: Thirumaladevi S. , Swamy K. Veera , Sailaja M.
Published: March 2022

Remote sensing images are obtained by electromagnetic measurement from the terrain of interest. In high-resolution remote sensing imageries extraction measurement technology plays a vital role. The scene classification is one of the interesting and challenging problems due to the similarity of image structure and the available HRRS image datasets are all small. Training new Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) using small datasets is prone to overfitting and poor attainability. To overcome this situation using the features produced by pre-trained convolutional nets and using those features to train an image classifier. To retrieve informative features from these images we use the existing Alex Net, VGG16, and VGG19 frameworks as a feature extractor. To increase classification performance further makes an innovative contribution fusion of multilayer features obtained by using covariance. First, to extract multilayer features, a pre-trained CNN model is used. The features are then stacked, downsampling is used to stack features of different spatial dimensions together and the covariance for the stacked features is calculated. Finally, the resulting covariance matrices are employed as features in a support vector machine classification. The results of the experiments, which were conducted on two difficult data sets, UC Merced and SIRI-WHU. The proposed Staked Covariance method consistently outperforms and achieves better classification performance. Achieves accuracy by an average of 6 % and 4 %, respectively, when compared to corresponding pre-trained CNN scene classification methods.
Narrative and Editing Choice in the Picture Book: A Comparison of Two Versions of Roberto Innocenti's Rose Blanche
Authors: Hiller Claire , McCann Hugo
Published: March 2022

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The Manipulation of the Reader's Response to Lilli Stubeck
Authors: Bates Jenny
Published: March 2022

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Revisiting Some Icons of the Golden Age
Authors: Cheatley Faye
Published: March 2022

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Gillian Rubinstein and Her Women
Authors: Minchinton Barbara
Published: March 2022

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'You have to get used to things as they are': Writing The Child As Victim: Revisiting Nina Bawden's Squib.
Authors: Strain Elizabeth
Published: March 2022

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The Writer in the Book: Four Narratives on Writing
Authors: Dunscombe Kordula
Published: March 2022

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Follow the Leader: Subject Position and Focalisation in Came Back To Show You I Could Fly
Authors: Plank Shirley
Published: March 2022

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Well-Test Logging Allows Low-Cost Dynamic Characterization, Value Optimization
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: March 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 206177, “Piloting the First Well-Test Logging in the Middle East, Paving the Way to Low-Cost Dynamic Reservoir Characterization and Well-Value Optimization,” by Raymond Nguyen, SPE, ADNOC, and Antoine Jacques and Vincent Jaffrezic, SPE, TotalEnergies, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The development of carbonate reservoirs in a giant field offshore Abu Dhabi requires long horizontal wells but carries the risk of unwanted gas and water channeling through its inherent heterogeneities. Success depends heavily on the quality of the formation knowledge before completion. Well-testing logging (WTL) offers the advantage of recording a log of mobility at the end of the process of drilling the openhole, enabling favorable timing to influence adapted completion and stimulation design.

Field and Geological Background

The studied field is northwest of Abu Dhabi. It has a gently dipping domal asymmetric anticline structure. Two reservoirs of interest are discussed in the complete paper, the first characterized as Early Cretaceous and the second as Upper Jurassic. The first of these, Formation K, is separated into two thick segments, Upper K and Lower K, divided by a laterally continuous stylolitic boundary, representing one-third and two-thirds of total K thickness, respectively. Upper K has a depositional setting of foreshoal to shoal, whereas Lower K has a depositional setting of a middle ramp environment with moderate water depth, mainly consisting of argillaceous material.

Within the Upper Jurassic group, the formation of study was deposited in a multiple regressive cycle and can be divided into four major stratigraphic layers, the shallowest being A_1 and the deepest being A_4. Each of these layers has its own unique petrophysical properties; however, the complete paper focuses on a sublayer within A_1. Because of the cyclic pattern of sea-level fluctuations at shallow depths, the main depositional lithologies were limestone, dolomite, and anhydrite, with limestone and dolomite being the reservoir and anhydrite acting as the seal. The average thickness represents approximately a tenth of the formation’s thickness.

The development scheme of the tighter reservoirs, K and A_1, in the coming years is based on patterns of parallel horizontal oil producers and water injectors to bring closer pressure support. Pattern development is directly affected by heterogeneity that could cause premature water breakthrough. Enhanced conformance with customized completion design and selective stimulation can mitigate these phenomena. These developments have been piloted recently with the drilling of long horizontal producers, Well_1 in K and Well_2 in A_1. The WTL technology was piloted for the first time in the Middle East in these wells.
Technique Detects Well Interference Using Long-Term Pressure Data
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: March 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 206354, “Well-Interference Detection From Long-Term Pressure Data Using Machine Learning and Multiresolution Analysis,” by Dante Orta Aleman, SPE, and Roland Horne, SPE, Stanford University. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Methods such as interference tests and tracers have been developed to obtain knowledge of reservoir heterogeneity and connectivity from dynamic data. However, detecting well connectivity using interference tests requires long periods with stable reservoir pressure and constant flow-rate conditions. Conversely, the long duration and high frequency of well-production data have high value for detecting connectivity if noise, abrupt changes in flow rate, and missing data are considered. In this work, a methodology to detect interference from long-term pressure and flow-rate data was developed using multiresolution analysis in combination with machine-learning algorithms.

Introduction

Multiple methodologies have been proposed to detect well connectivity using production data. Most such methods apply a statistical or physical model to relate production and injection rates. In previous works, pressure data rarely has been used and data were fitted to a predefined mathematical model with strong physical assumptions. The approach of the current work is to infer connectivity by estimating the pressure response of a well to a second “interfering” well. Because the pressure response at a given well is the convolution of all the connected wells’ flow rates with the reservoir response, the methodology attempts to deconvolve the flow rates and assign a pressure response to each.

Previous work showed that, by using wavelet decomposition and deep learning, capture of the pressure response of a single well using only flow-rate data as input is possible. The complete paper expands on the idea of using the multiresolution properties of wavelets to simplify the flow-rate/pressure response of more than one well and to capture that response by using a machine-learning model with a flexible function representation.
Preventive effects of a single bout of exercise on memory and attention following one night of sleep loss: results of a randomised controlled study
Authors: Fleckenstein Johannes , Gerten Sina , Banzer Winfried
Published: March 2022

Sleep-loss is a severe problem in night-shift workers. It causes fatigue and a decrease in awareness that may be counter-acted by exercise. This randomised controlled study in 22 university students investigated the effects of exercise to prevent loss of cognitive and physical performance following sleep deprivation. We were comparing a single bout of a 20-minutes circuit training to control in an experimental setting of overnight sleep loss. Outcomes included memory, cognitive tasks, and physical parameters. The occurrence of false memories was considered being the main outcome.Exercise did not exert significant effects on false memories (p = 0.456). We could detect a trend to significance (p < 0.01) assessing cognitive dimensions, i.e. selective and sustained attention, and visual scanning speed. This revealed strong effects of exercise on attention (p = 0.091; Cohen’s d = 0.76; ∆14%), cognitive performance, performance speed, and perceived sleepiness (p = 0.008; d = 0.60; ∆2.4 cmVAS). This study failed to show effects of exercise on memory function. Still, medium to strong effects on attention and consciousness can be considered clinically relevant. The results of this study encourage further research to determine its practicability and meaningfulness among night-shift workers.Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00010655, registered 21. June 2016.
Cold stress induces colitis-like phenotypes in mice by altering gut microbiota and metabolites
Authors: Sun Lijuan , Chen Yue , Song Jianxia , Yuan Qiangqiang , Wang Xueying , Zhao Yu , Liang Changting , Zhang Haohao , Lian Bo , Zhang Jianbin
Published: March 2022

Objective: The westernized lifestyle has been paralleled by an epidemic of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Excessive consumption of cold beverages is especially common among the modern humans. However, whether cold stress contributes directly to the gut barrier and gut-brain axis is not clear. We investigated whether the cold stress affect gut inflammation or not.Material: 16 male mice were used in this study.Treatment: The mice were treated with 14 consecutive days of intragastric cold or common water administration. Methods: We observed changes in gut transit and gut barrier in the colon.We also employed RNA sequencing-based transcriptomic analysis to identify the genes potentially driving gut injury, and simultaneously examined the gut microbiota and metabolites in the feces. Results: Cold stress inhibited the colonic motility and increased gut permeability. A set of core genes related to immune responses were consistently overexpressed in the cold stress group. Additionally, cold stress induced decreased bacterial diversity, ecological network, and increased pathogens mainly belonging to Proteobacteria. The dopamine signaling pathway-related metabolites were largely reduced in the cold stress group.Conclusion: This study revealed that cold stress could trigger an IBD-like phenotype in mice, implying that cold stress is a possible risk factor for IBD development.
A Functional Interaction Between Y674-R685 Region of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and the Human α7 Nicotinic Receptor
Authors: Chrestia Juan Facundo , Oliveira Ana Sofia , Mulholland Adrian J. , Gallagher Timothy , Bermúdez Isabel , Bouzat Cecilia
Published: March 2022

The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is present in neuronal and non-neuronal cells and has anti-inflammatory actions. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that α7 nAChR interacts with a region of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S), and a potential contribution of nAChRs to COVID-19 pathophysiology has been proposed. We applied whole-cell and single-channel recordings to determine whether the Y674-R685 region of the S protein can directly affect α7 nAChR function. The S fragment exerts a dual effect, acting as a low-efficacy agonist and a non-competitive inhibitor. It activates α7 nAChRs, in line with our previous molecular dynamics simulations showing favorable binding of this accessible region of the S protein to the nAChR agonist binding site. However, activation requires the presence of positive allosteric modulators that enhance open probability, indicating very low efficacy. The main effect of the S fragment on α7 nAChR is a negative modulation, which is evidenced by a profound decrease in the durations of channel openings and activation episodes and in the amplitude of macroscopic responses elicited by ACh. Our study identifies a novel functional interaction between α7 nAChR and a region of the S protein, thus providing molecular foundations for exploring the involvement of nAChRs in COVID-19 pathophysiology.
Prognostic significance of antifibrotic agents in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis after initiation of long-term oxygen therapy
Authors: Ishiwari Mayuko , Kono Yuta , Togashi Yuki , Takoi Hiroyuki , Kikuchi Ryota , Toriyama Kazutoshi , Okuma Takashi , Shioiri Nao , Mizushima Reimi , Abe Shinji
Published: March 2022

Background:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal and progressive interstitial lung disease with varying degrees of hypoxemia. Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is frequently used to treat hypoxemia, however the prognostic factors for better survival in IPF patients after initiation of LTOT remain unknown.Methods:We retrospectively investigated favorable factors of survival in 52 IPF patients who were introduced LTOT.Results:The 6-, 12-, and 24-month survival rates in IPF patients after introduction of LTOT were 72.8%, 48.3%, and 28.9%, respectively. Univariate analysis demonstrated that gender female (hazard ratio [HR] 7.394, p=0.049) and treatment with antifibrotic agents (HR 2.285, p=0.022) were associated with favorable survival, while multivariate analysis revealed that treatment with antifibrotic agents was the independent predictor (HR 2.121, p=0.037). Moreover, IPF patients treated with antifibrotic agents with LTOT had significantly longer survival than those without antifibrotic agents (p = 0.0165). Conclusion:In IPF patients who were introduced LTOT, treatment with antifibrotic agents was the independent factor for favorable survival. Continuous treatment with antifibrotic agents may improve prognosis of IPF even after initiation of LTOT.
Effect of ellagic acid and mesocarp extract of Punica granatum on productive and reproductive performance of Gallus gallus
Authors: Gul Haji , Geng Zhaoyu , Habib Gul , Hayat Azam , Rehman Mujaddad Ur , Khan Imran
Published: March 2022

In the present study, we determined the potential effects of ellagic acid and mesocarp extract of Punica granatum on the productive and reproduction performance of laying hens. Five treatments groups were setup: (1) control group (without ellagic acid), (2) 50 mg of ellagic acid, (3) 100 mg of ellagic acid, (4) 200 mg of ellagic acid, and (5) mesocarp extract of P. granatum. All the groups were investigated for feed intake, body weight, egg production, egg quality, fertility, hatchability, antioxidant status of serum and liver, lipid peroxidation, and antibacterial activities. Egg production, feed intake and body weight were significantly increased (p < 0.05) with 100 mg of ellagic acid and P. granatum extract while no significant effect was observed on albumen and yolk weight, yolk index, yolk color, egg-shape index, and Hough unit. Both ellagic acid and P. granatum extract significantly improved hatchability while 100 and 200 mg/kg of ellagic acid numerically decrease fertility. Besides, ellagic acid and P. granatum extract significantly decreased malondialdehyde concentration and increased total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, and total superoxide dismutase in serum and liver samples of laying hens (p < 0.05). The lipid peroxidation was decreased among the treatments groups, with 100 mg of ellagic acid and P. granatum extract showed the best activity. Moreover, ellagic acid showed strong killing activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus while it was ineffective against methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Our results conclude that ellagic acid and P. granatum promotes egg production, hatchability, and antioxidant enzymes activities of the Gallus gallus.
Impact of the nursing comprehensive skill training course (NCST-C) on nursing students' metacognitive awareness: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: li shasha , De Ala Minerva B. , Mao Dandan , Wang Afeng , Wu Congwen
Published: March 2022

Background: Developing students’ metacognition awareness is a goal of university education as it can help equip students with life-long learning skills and promote holistic personal development. This study aimed to explore the effect of nursing comprehensive skill training course (NCST-C) on metacognitive awareness of nursing students in China, to provide a scientific foundation for improving metacognitive awareness.Design: A quasi-experimental two-group, matched pretest, post-test, and follow-up test.Methods: A total of 96 Junior nursing students were recruited using a convenience sampling and assigned to 2 groups by drawing lots with odd and even numbers in a nursing school at Huzhou University, China. The control group was received the traditional skill-training course. The intervention group was received training in NCST-C. Nursing students were evaluated metacognitive awareness inventory (MAI) at the baseline, 16-week, and 20-week follow-up points, respectively. A repeated-measures, two-way analysis of variance, and a simple effect test were used to compare each outcome measure of 2 groups.Results: The NCST-C resulted in a greater benefit for nursing students’ metacognition awareness and various dimensions (knowledge of cognition and regulation of cognition) in the intervention group. Combined with a simple effects test, the MAI and dimensions scores of those in the intervention groups significantly improved at 16 weeks after the baseline (F = 44.03-9.78); all P <0.01); and the sustainable effect of NCST-C lasted for 1 month after the intervention (F = 14.24-56.75, all P <0.01), which reached statistical significance (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The NCST-C was an effective course to develop metacognition awareness of nursing students,which design provides a new form of experimental course to improve metacognition awareness.Trial registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspxRegistration number:ChiCTR2200057910. First registration date 22/3/2022
Experiences of family members when a parent is hospitalized for their mental illness: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Tchernegovski Phillip , Reupert Andrea , Chen Lingling , Huddle Maddison
Published: March 2022

Background: A considerable proportion of people attending mental health services are parents. Parental mental illness can be challenging for all family members and potentially poses a risk to children’s wellbeing. The hospitalization of the parent and subsequent separation from children may be a particularly challenging time. The aim of this paper was to review qualitative studies of family members’ experiences when parents were hospitalized for their mental illness. Methods: This systematic review followed Cochrane Collaboration and PRISMA guidelines. A search was performed with keywords relating to parents, mental illness, psychiatric treatment, inpatient units, family members and experiences. Databases included CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, ProQuest, MEDLINE, PubMed and Scopus. Quality assessment was undertaken using an expanded version of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Thematic synthesis was conducted on the included papers. Results: Eight papers were identified. The quality of these papers ranged between low/medium and high. Themes within the findings related to experiences of pressure and responsibility, the need for information and guidance, children’s emotional needs, and the parent-child bond while hospitalized.Conclusion: The limited research in this area indicates that the needs of families are not being met when a parent is hospitalized for their mental illness. There is a considerable need for adequate models of care, family-focused training for staff, and psychoeducational resources for families. Additional research in this area is essential to understand the experiences of different family members during this vulnerable time.
Opt-in and opt-out consent procedures for the reuse of routinely recorded health data in scientific research and their consequences for consent rate and consent bias– A systematic review
Authors: de Man Yvonne , Jorna Y , Torensma B , de Wit K , Veen E. B van , Francke A. L , Oosterveld-Vlug M. G. , Verheij R. A
Published: March 2022

Background
Scientific researchers who wish to reuse health data pertaining to individuals can obtain consent through an opt-in procedure or opt-out procedure. The choice of procedure may have consequences for the consent rate and representativeness of the study sample, and the quality of the research, but these consequences are not well known. Therefore, this review aims to provide insight into the consequences for the consent rate and consent bias of the study sample of opt-in procedures versus opt-out procedures for the reuse of routinely recorded health data for scientific research purposes.
Method
A systematic review was performed, based on searches in PubMed, Embase, Cinahl, PsycInfo, Web of Science Core Collection, and the Cochrane Library. Two reviewers independently included studies based on predefined eligibility criteria and assessed whether the statistical methods used in the reviewed literature were appropriate for describing the differences between consenters and non-consenters. Statistical pooling and a narrative synthesis were conducted to report results.
Results
Fifteen studies were included. Of these, 13 implemented an opt-in procedure, one implemented an opt-out procedure, and one implemented both. The average weighted consent rates were 84.0% among the studies that used opt-in and 96.8% in the single study that used opt-out. In the single study that described both procedures, the consent rate was 21.0% in the opt-in group and 95.6% in the opt-out group. Opt-in procedures resulted in more consent bias compared to opt-out procedures. In studies with opt-in, consenting individuals were more likely to be men, had a higher level of education, a higher income, and a higher socioeconomic status.
Conclusion
Consent rates are generally lower when using an opt-in procedure compared to using an opt-out procedure. Furthermore, in studies with opt-in, participants are less representative of the study population. However, both the study populations and the way in which opt-in or opt-out was organized, varied widely between the studies, which makes it difficult to draw general conclusions regarding the desired balance between patient control over data and learning from patient data. Such further use may be hampered by administrative burdens and the risk of bias.
Research on Energy Efficiency Characteristics of Mining Shovel Hoisting and Slewing System Driven by Hydraulic-Electric Hybrid System
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Ge Lei , Li Yunhua , Quan Long
Published: March 2022

Mining shovel has been the most critical equipment for high-efficiency production in open-pit mining, it adopts electric motor to drive hoisting and slewing system separately. However, in the process of falling the hoisting device and decelerating the slewing platform, the driving motors are in the power generation state, and the electric energy is dissipated in the form of heat energy through the braking resistor, which causes a large amount of energy waste. To achieve energy saving, this article proposes a novel hydraulic-electric hybrid driving system. In the proposed system, the auxiliary hydraulic system is used to store the energy generated by the motor in the form of hydraulic accumulator pressure. When the hoisting system lifts or slewing platform accelerates, the energy is reused to assist the motor in the form of supporting torque. The recovery and reuse of the dynamic potential energy of the shovel can reduce the energy loss and installed power of the driving motor. In addition, the additional supporting torque also increases the safety of the pure electric drive system. In this paper, firstly, the hydraulic-electric hybrid driving principle is introduced. Then, a small-scale testbed is set up to verify the feasibility of the system. Finally, a co-simulation model of the proposed system is established to clarify the system operation and energy consumption characteristics, and to analyze the impact of different parameters of key energy storage components on system performance. Through the test and simulation of the proposed system, compared with the traditional purely electric driving system, the peak power and energy consumption of the hoisting motor are reduced by 36.7% and 29.7%, and those of the slewing motor are decreased by 86.9% and 59.4%, respectively.
Real-Time Gait Phase Detection on Wearable Devices for Unsupervised Gait
Authors: Wu Jiaen , Becsek Barna , Schaer Alessandro , Maurenbrecher Henrik , Chatzipirpiridis George , Ergeneman Olgac , Pané Salvador , Torun Hamdi , Nelson Bradley
Published: March 2022

Detecting gait phases unobtrusively and reliablyin real-time for long-term unsupervised walking isimportant for clinical gait rehabilitation and early diagnosisof neurological diseases. Due to hardware limitations inwearable devices (e.g., memory and computation power),reliable real-time gait phase detection remains a challengefor unsupervised mobility assessment. In this work, a hybridalgorithm combining a reduced support vector machine(RSVM) and a finite state machine (FSM) is developedto address this. K-means clustering is used to reduce thenumber of support vectors (SVs) by constructing a smallerdataset that contains the most informative data points.For each gait phase prediction, an FSM is designed tovalidate the prediction and correct misclassifications. AfterSV reduction, the model size is reduced by 88%, and thecomputation time is reduced by a factor of 36, with onlya minor degradation in prediction performance of 4.12%,2.34%, and 4.85% for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy,respectively. The real-time classification performance of thealgorithm is evaluated by twenty healthy subjects walkingalong a predefined route with unsupervised free-living gait.The proposed algorithm demonstrated promising real-timeperformance, with an accuracy of 91.51%, a sensitivity of91.70%, and a specificity of 95.77% across all test subjects.The algorithm also demonstrated its robustness with respectto different values of walking speed, cadence, andstride length.
Comparison between Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Stenosis: An Age-, Sex-, and segment-matched Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Dechun , Liu Lantao , Xue Hui , Han Zhiyuan , Jiang Lianghai , Chen Longwei
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To compare outcomes after oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) versus minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MISTLIF) with bilateral decompression via unilateral approach for treating mild to moderate symptomatic degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS).Methods: We retrospectively compared patients who underwent single-level (L4/5) OLIF with an age-, sex-, and segment-matched MISTLIF with bilateral decompression via unilateral approach cohort. Perioperative data were collected for the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, drainage in the first postoperative day, postoperative hospital stay, cost, intraoperative fluoroscopy, and complications. Lumbar radiographs were measured for changes in posterior intervertebral space height (PISH), intervertebral space foramen height (IFH), intervertebral foramen area (IFA), and area of ​​the spinal canal (ASC). Clinical and psychological outcomes included the visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS).Results: 35 OLIF patients were compared with 35 MISTLIF patients in L4/5 DLSS. The OLIF group had shorter bedtime, postoperative hospital stays, less intraoperative and postoperative blood loss (all P<0.05), but had more times of intraoperative fluoroscopy, longer operative time, and higher cost (all P<0.05). The complication rates were equivalent (OLIF vs MISTLIF: 22.86% vs 17.14%). PISH (11.94±1.78mm vs 9.42±1.94mm, P<0.05), IFH (23.87±3.05mm vs 21.41±2.95mm, P<0.05), and IFA (212.14±51.82mm2 vs 177.07±51.73mm2, P<0.05) after surgery were significantly increased in the OLIF group. The ASC was increased significantly after the operation in both groups, but the ASC in the MISTLIF group was increased significantly more than that in the OLIF group (450.04±66.66mm2 vs 171.41±58.55mm2, P<0.05). The lumbar VAS scores at 1 month (1.89±0.87 vs 2.34±0.84, P=0.028) and 6 months (1.23±0.97 vs 1.80±0.99, P=0.018) after operation in the OLIF group were significantly lower. There were no significant differences in lower extremity VAS and ODI scores between the two groups. Compared with MISTLIF group, HADS scores on postoperative day 3 (2.91±1.46 vs 4.89±1.78, P<0.05) and prior to hospital discharge (PTD) (2.54±1.38 vs 3.80±1.78, P=0.002) in the OLIF group were decreased significantly. Conclusions: OLIF showed more advantages of less surgical invasion, lower incidence of postoperative low back pain, faster postoperative recovery, and less anxiety compared with MISTLIF. Regardless of cost, OLIF seems to be a better option to treat mild to moderate symptomatic DLSS.
Fusion transcript analysis reveals slower response kinetics than multiparameter flow cytometry in childhood acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Fogelstrand Linda , Karlsson Lene , Nyvold Charlotte Guldborg , Soboli Anastasia , Johansson Pegah , Palmqvist Lars , Tierens Anne , Hasle Henrik , Lausen Birgitte , Jónsson Ólafur Gisli , Jürgensen Gitte Wulff , Ebbesen Lene Hyldahl , Abrahamsson Jonas
Published: March 2022

Background: Analysis of measurable residual disease (MRD) is increasingly being implemented in the clinical care of children and adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, MRD methodologies differ and discordances in results lead to difficulties in interpretation and clinical decision-making. The aim of this study was to compare results from reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) in childhood AML and describe the kinetics of residual leukemic burden during induction treatment. Methods: In 15 children who were treated in the NOPHO-AML 2004 trial and had fusion transcripts quantified by RT-qPCR, we compared MFC with RT-qPCR for analysis of MRD during (day 15) and after induction therapy. Eight children had RUNX1::RUNX1T1, one CBFB::MYH11 and six KMT2A::LLT3. Results: When ≥0.1% was used as cut-off for positivity, 10 of 22 samples were discordant. The majority (9/10) were MRD positive with RT-qPCR but MRD negative with MFC, and several such cases showed presence of mature myeloid cells. Fusion transcript expression was verified in mature cells as well as in CD34 expressing cells sorted from diagnostic samples. Conclusions: Measurement with RT-qPCR suggests slower response kinetics than indicated from MFC, presumably due to the presence of mature cells expressing fusion transcript. The prognostic impact of early measurements with RT-qPCR remains to be determined.
A broad-spectrum antiviral fusion protein, Pheromonicin demonstrated protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 variants in vitro and in vivo models
Authors: Qiu Xiao-Qing , Lu Shuaiyao , Cao Ke-Fu , Yang Cheng-Yun , Zhou Yanan , Tang Jian-Yong , Zhang Dong , Luo Feng-Yu , Li Hong-Fa , Li Rong-Qi
Published: March 2022

The unprecedented coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic has created a worldwide public
health emergency, and there is an urgent need to develop an effective antiviral drug to control this
severe infectious disease. Here, we found that the E, or M membrane proteins of coronavirus could be targeted by a 28-residue antibody mimetic by fusing two antibody Fab complementarity-determining regions (VHCDR1 and VLCDR3) through a cognate framework region (VHFR2) of the antibodies which recognize the coronavirus E or M proteins. We constructed a fusion protein, pheromonicin-covid-19 (PMC-covid-19), by linking colicin Ia, a bactericidal molecule produced by E.coli which kills target cells by forming a voltage-dependent channel in target lipid bilayers, to that antibody mimetic. The E, or M protein/antibody mimetic interaction initiated the formation of irreversible PMC-covid-19 channel in the covid-19 envelope and infected host cell membrane resulting in leakage of cellular contents. PMC-covid-19 demonstrates broad-spectrum protective efficacy against tested variants of coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome (p<0.01-0.0001). PMC-covid-19 significantly altered outcomes of in vivo fatal covid-19 challenge infection without evident toxicity, making it an appropriate candidate for further clinical evaluation.
An epidemic digital management framework for healthcare organizations based on multi-platform
Authors: Mao Zijun , Wu Jingyi , Deng Yunqi , Zhang Zhixin
Published: March 2022

Background: Digital alternatives offer the potential for agility and resilience in epidemic management. The fragmentation of digital technology applications urgently requires a holistic digital epidemic management framework.Objectives: Our research aims to design a digital framework for epidemic management that can apply digital technologies to assist healthcare providers with governance of epidemiological information.Methods: The design science research methodology was applied to create an artifact of a digital healthcare management framework. A systematic literature review was conducted to sort out the issues and motivations, a case study was applied to demonstrate the artifact, and users evaluated its effectiveness by scoring it.Results: The data platform ecosystems-based framework is constructed from three platforms. The data platform integrates and mines multiple data resources. The technology platform establishes a domain-wide shared technology model. The service platform enables service requests for stakeholders in the epidemic.Conclusions: The digital epidemic management framework allows micro-servicing and visualization of all capabilities of healthcare organizations. It allows for the rapid establishment and reuse of a healthcare organization’s overall capabilities in public health emergencies, while sustainably focusing on the requirements of patients and managers. This new digital solution can improve digital epidemic prevention and control management.
Research on the Impact of Internet Use on the Health Status of the Working Age Population in Digital Economy --An Empirical Analysis Based on 2018 CFPS Data
Authors: Zhang Haoyuan , Zhou Qian
Published: March 2022

Background
China's economic structure is changing from labor-intensive to technology-intensive due to the emergence of low fertility and the increasingly serious aging problem, so it is of great importance to improve the health status of the working age population. Meanwhile, with the accelerated integration of digital technology and real economy, the Internet has increasingly become an important driving force for economic growth and social development in China and has also played a big role in health care, especially under the COVID-19. Therefore, it is worth further exploring how Internet use affects the health of the working age population.
Method
We used data from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2018 and applied the Ordered-Probit model to study the relationship between Internet use and the health status of working age population
Results
The Internet use was significantly and positively related to the health status of the working age population; there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between the intensity of Internet use and individual health; the Internet use affected individual health through information acquisition. The heterogeneity analysis showed that the health promotion of Internet use was stronger for people aged from 32 to 50 years old/ in rural areas/ at low education level/ in the eastern region. Further analysis showed that the Internet use can reduce health inequalities caused by different levels of socioeconomic status.
Conclusions
Internet, as an information media, has a significantly positive impact on individual health, but excessive use is not conducive to the improvement of health status. However, due to the large base of netizens in China and the unbalanced development among regions, Internet use can have a differential impact on the health status of different groups. In addition, the Internet enhances the accessibility of health care knowledge and compensates for the lack of access to information for low socioeconomic groups, thus improving their health status and reduce health inequalities among different classes.