bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning on Developing EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Knowledge
Authors: Benlaghrissi Hassane , Ouahidi L. Meriem
Published: November 2023

Currently, a great variety of educational apps have been developed and extensively used by learners and instructors, making, as a result, mobile-assisted language learning one of the most prominent learning methods in enhancing the quality of language learning. However, despite the growing popularity of commonly used apps supporting second language acquisition, such as Kahoot and Quizlet, empirical research on the pedagogical role of other more recent applications in boosting L2 vocabulary is still scarce. Given this, this experimental study examines the effectiveness of a mobile application in enhancing Moroccan EFL secondary school students’ vocabulary knowledge. The study consisted of the control group (n = 30) and the experimental group (n = 30). While participants in the first group received traditional methods of teaching vocabulary, the experimental group integrated a mobile application (Flashcards World) during one semester. Data collection comprised vocabulary pre- and post-tests to compare the vocabulary learning of participants in both groups. To determine if there was a difference in the scores of the groups before and after the intervention, the findings were analysed using Independent-Samples T Tests (SPSS-26). The results revealed that the experimental group outscored the control group. Therefore, it was concluded that using Flashcard World application effectively improved vocabulary learning of secondary school students more than conventional teaching.
Exploring iSpring Suite for Android-Based Interactive Instructional Media in Electrical Lighting Installation Subject
Authors: Muskhir Mukhlidi , Luthfi Afdal , Julian Rio , Fortuna Aprilla
Published: November 2023

In today’s digital era, interactive learning media is the right solution to improve the quality of effective and efficient learning. An active engagement between students and learning media using iSpring Suite can enhance student understanding and enthusiasm and motivate students in teaching and learning. This research aims to create Android-based interactive media using iSpring Suite for electric lighting installation learning materials. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with a 4-D development model. This research consists of several stages: defining, designing, developing, and disseminating, and was conducted using validation sheet instruments. The results of this study indicated that the learning media experts confirmed that it was 93.8% valid. At the same time, the materials experts confirmed that it was 90.8% valid. Based on the validity percentage, Android-based interactive learning media using iSpring Suite is highly recommended for electric lighting installations subject. It has been well-tested and effectively applied as an Android-based interactive learning medium.
Cybersecurity Challenges and Solutions in the Fintech Mobile App Ecosystem
Authors: Ishamuddin Mustapha  , Vaicondam Yamounah , Agha Jahanzeb  , Burkhanov Aktam Usmanovich  , Binti Yusof Siti Hawa
Published: November 2023

The rapid growth of the fintech industry, driven by the proliferation of mobile applications, has revolutionized financial services, providing unprecedented convenience to users. However, this innovation comes with inherent cybersecurity challenges that demand rigorous attention. This study delves into the complex and ever-evolving landscape of cybersecurity within the fintech mobile app ecosystem, aiming to identify challenges and present viable solutions. Cybersecurity threats in the fintech mobile app ecosystem encompass a broad spectrum, including data breaches, malware attacks, phishing schemes, and identity theft. As fintech apps handle sensitive financial data and transactions, they are prime targets for malicious actors seeking financial gain. To address these threats, this research examines current cybersecurity strategies and emerging technologies, such as advanced encryption, biometric authentication, and AI-driven anomaly detection. Furthermore, regulatory frameworks and industry standards play a crucial role in shaping cybersecurity practices within fintech. This study assesses the impact of compliance requirements on fintech companies and their ability to protect user data. Real-world case studies and incident analyses provide valuable insights into the consequences of cybersecurity breaches in this sector. Ultimately, this research aims to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted cybersecurity challenges faced by the fintech mobile app ecosystem and offers practical recommendations for fintech firms, regulators, and cybersecurity professionals to enhance security measures. Strengthening the security foundation is paramount to sustaining user trust, fostering continued innovation, and securing the future of mobile fintech.
Role of Emerging Technologies in Education 4.0
Authors: Dhakshan Sai , Balamurugan G. , Shyam Mohan J. S. , Tyagi Amit Kumar
Published: November 2023

Today's Education 4.0 has entered a new era of learning, characterized by the pervasive influence of emerging technologies. Education 4.0 embraces digitalization, personalized learning, and lifelong skill development. Emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, augmented reality, virtual reality, blockchain, and the internet of things, play pivotal roles in transforming traditional pedagogical approaches. They facilitate personalized learning experiences, enhance data-driven decision-making, and promote global connectivity. However, the integration of these technologies into education faces multifaceted challenges. This chapter discusses the challenges associated with the adoption of emerging technologies in education, including issues related to equity and access, data privacy, teacher professional development, and the need for revised curriculum and assessment frameworks. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of ethical considerations, such as responsible AI use and digital citizenship, in the technology-driven educational landscape.
AI-Based Data Analytics for E-Rendering Frameworks
Authors: Verma Manisha , Singh Jagendra
Published: November 2023

Big data and AI/ML pipeline models provide a good basis for analyzing and selecting technical architectures for big data and AI systems. The experience of many big data projects has shown that many projects use similar architectural models that differ only in the selection of different technological components in the same diagram. The big data and AI/ML pipeline framework are used to describe pipeline stages in big data and AI and ML projects, and supports the benchmark classification. This includes four pipeline stages: data acquisition/collection and storage, data preparation and storage, data analysis with artificial intelligence/machine learning, and performance and interaction, including data visualization, user interaction, and API access. The authors have also created a toolkit to help identify and leverage existing models by following the steps below and the two different technical areas and different data types within the framework.
Predicting Future Cybercrime Trends in the Metaverse Era
Authors: Shafik Wasswa
Published: November 2023

The Metaverse is a virtual world where users can engage with each other and digital objects in real time, and its usage is growing significantly. However, the rise of virtual environments comes with the risk of cybercrime. This chapter presents the current cybercrime overview in the metaverse by examining recent incidents and standard methods cybercriminals employ. Moreover, it explores factors that could influence cybercrime trends in the Metaverse era, including technological advancements and evolving security measures. Furthermore, it evaluates current and potential cybersecurity measures to prevent or mitigate cybercrime in virtual environments and the importance of user education and responsible online behavior. Finally, we emphasize the need for industry, government, and users to collaborate to mitigate cybercrime in the Metaverse era due to possible negative impacts on social, economic, and environmental settings and its merits benefit people at different levels of endeavors.
Artificial Intelligence for Water Resource Planning and Management
Authors: Saxena Richa , Srivastava Vaishnavi , Bharti Dipti , Singh Rahul , Kumar Amit , Sharma Abhilekha
Published: November 2023

In an era marked by growing water scarcity and increasing demand for efficient resource allocation, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a crucial approach for revolutionizing water resource planning and management. The chapter emphasizes how important water management is to maintaining ecosystems, sustaining human livelihoods, and promoting economic growth. It looks at how AI, which includes machine learning, data analytics, and optimization approaches, acts as a keystone in improving the precision of projections of water availability, allowing stakeholders to make wise decisions in real-time. These programs provide water managers with useful information that they can use to prevent emergencies related to water. The international community may collaborate to achieve sustainable water security by utilizing AI capacity to decode complicated patterns, predict possible outcomes, and optimize resource distribution. It is a necessary step towards a more resilient and water-secure future as difficulties related to water continue to worsen.
Classroom Design and Application of Art Design Education Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zhao Yawen , Gao Licheng
Published: November 2023

With the development of society, the education goal of art and design education for students is constantly changing, focusing more on students' professional and practical abilities, but the traditional teaching methods cannot provide the conditions needed for teaching. In this article, the three parts of art design classroom atmosphere before, during and after class, and according to the characteristics and needs of each part into artificial intelligence technology to build a smart classroom system. The experimental results show that AI technologies can improve the efficiency of classroom management, and the information obtained from the emotional score data can help teachers understand and master the classroom teaching situation, and analyze the shortcomings of classroom teaching content based on the comprehensive classroom emotional score. In addition, AI technology can also enrich classroom content, diversify teaching modes, increase the interaction space between teachers and students and students, and improve the teaching quality of art design classrooms.
Сolonial–morphological characteristics of dissociatives of the Rhodococcus ruber - 8/4/1 strain
Authors: Alimova Barno , Pulatova Ozodakhon , Makhsumkhanov Akhmadjon , Khasanova Lobar , Davranov Kakhramon
Published: November 2023

This article provides a study of the molecular, physiological, biochemical and morphological features of R-, S- and M-dissociants of Rhodococcus ruber - 8/4/1. The sequence similarity of the genome fragments of R- and S-dissociant forms encoded by 16S rRNA was demonstrated. MALDI spectra were obtained for the R. ruber-8/4/1 strain and its dissociants. Under standard analysis conditions, the MALDI profiles of R-, S- and M- forms dissociants of the Rhodococcus ruber - 8/4/1 were similar. The determination of the resistance of the strain dissociants to external factors showed that R-forms were more stable under UV irradiation and increased temperature. The S-forms showed stability upon the conversion of acrylic acid nitrile into acrylamide (AA), whereas the M-forms were stable under a decrease in the cultivation temperature, and an increase in the concentration of NaCl in the medium. The S-forms proved to be the most active in the transformation of acrylonitrile into AA.
The public healthcare sector of Mauritius: knowledge of and attitudes toward hearing loss among community health workers
Authors: Foondun Taslima , Pottas Lidia , Soer Maggi
Published: November 2023

Mauritius does not have community health workers trained in identifying risk factors for hearing loss or in referring patients for diagnostic testing. It is crucial to gather information about the knowledge of and attitudes toward hearing loss among community health workers before involving them in the identification and intervention of hearing loss in Mauritius. To describe the knowledge of and attitudes toward hearing loss among community health workers in Mauritius. A descriptive survey design with quantitative analysis was used. Using non-probability purposive sampling, 125 community health workers which included 94 community health officers and 31 community‑based rehabilitation officers were recruited from the five catchment areas of the public healthcare sector. Participants filled in a 15‑item paper-based questionnaire on the knowledge of and attitudes toward hearing loss. The questionnaire was internally consistent, with Cronbach alpha scores of 0.759 and 0.863. The overall knowledge of community health workers regarding risk factors and the identification of hearing loss was poor (38.3%). 92.6% of community health workers reported positive attitudes toward hearing loss. General knowledge of hearing loss (P=0.015) and knowledge of risk factors and identification of hearing loss (P=0.005) were significant predictors of attitudes toward hearing loss. Knowledge of and attitudes toward hearing loss were significantly associated with working experience and practice setting (P=0.004). There remains a need to educate community health workers about the risk factors and identification of hearing loss to ensure timely diagnosis and management of hearing loss at the community level.
Gender-Based Violence and Women Reproductive Health in War Affected Area
Authors: Shalak Manar , Markson Favor , Nepal Manoj
Published: November 2023

Manifestations of gender-based violence although many, and sometimes more pronounced in areas of armed conflict, go unnoticed due to multiple factors. Gender-based violence targeted towards women, affect their overall health negatively, particularly the reproductive well-being. Major conflicts arising in the Middle East over the past 10–15 years, ranging from the Arab uprising to the Syrian civil war, have drawn attention world-wide. This study aims to shed light on the importance of recognizing violence against women, its effect on their reproductive health, and the policies that should be implemented to limit its adverse impact. Towards this end, we have highlighted the important role played by all healthcare professionals, epidemiologists, and surveyors working in peace and war areas to recognize such atrocities towards women.
Social Media’s Seductive Spell – Unraveling the Impact on Teen Girls
Authors: Palawat Manisha Singh , Charan Gopal Singh , Kaur Amanpreet , Pareek Shatrughan
Published: November 2023

Body image is a critical aspect of a person’s mental and physical well-being. Social media platforms can provide opportunities to connect with peers, express themselves, and explore different identities. The prevalence of social media usage among teenage girls has raised concerns about the impact of sexualized images on their body image and well-being. The sexualization of social media and its impact on teen girls can be attributed to various factors. These factors such as peer comparison, peer influence, celebrity culture, cultural norms, social media algorithms, and advertising strategies play a significant role in promoting unrealistic beauty ideals. Therefore, it is crucial to thoroughly investigate and understand how these factors contribute to the issue. The negative impact of sexualized images includes internalization of beauty standards, negative body image, increased risk of eating disorders, psychosexual health issues, impaired mental health, and objectification of girls. To address this issue, several potential solutions and strategies are proposed. These include promoting digital literacy and critical thinking skills to help girls recognize the unrealistic nature of beauty standards portrayed on social media. Encouraging body positivity and diversity is essential to redefine beauty ideals. Open communication among parents, educators, and girls can create a supportive environment to discuss body image concerns. Mental health support and limiting social media exposure are crucial in mitigating the negative effects of sexualized images. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the need for government intervention to protect vulnerable users and encourage responsible platform management. Suggested policies and measures include age verification systems, robust content moderation, clear reporting mechanisms, and industry-wide guidelines for content and advertising.
Comparative evaluation of penetration of sealers in dentinal tubules using passive ultrasonic irrigation and Erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser – A confocal laser scanning microscope study
Authors: Talreja Twinkle , Tandale Anita , Kunkulol Rahul , Maniyar Vaishnavi , Krishnakumar Karishma , Dube Ridhi , Kokate Prajakta
Published: November 2023

Context:

Smear layer clearance and sealer penetration into dentinal tubules play a crucial role in root canal treatment. Hence, efficient irrigation is a crucial component of the root canal debridement. This in vitro study’s objective was to assess the effectiveness of passive ultrasonic activation and Erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er: YAG) laser-activated irrigation on irrigation solution penetration and sealer penetration into dentinal tubules.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the dentinal tubule penetration of epoxy resin-based sealer and bioceramic sealer after ultrasonic agitation and Er: YAG laser activation of the irrigant.

Settings and Design:

This was an in vitro study.

Materials and Methods:

Extracted tooth samples (n = 42) into 06 groups (Group A-F) with 7 samples in each group. Postobturation transverse section was made and assessed under a confocal laser scanning microscope for the total dentinal tubule penetration area and recorded as the mean apical, middle, and coronal penetration.

Statistical Analysis:

One-way analysis of variance test, followed by post hoc was used.

Results:

The intergroup comparison showed that Group E and Group F have significantly more penetration as compared to the controls and ultrasonic irrigation, P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively.

Conclusions:

Er: YAG laser with AH plus sealer has the highest penetration in all the sections of tooth, followed by CeraSeal sealer.
Effect of a novel quaternary ammonium silane based cavity cleanser FiteBac 2% K21 QAS in comparison with other cavity disinfectants on the bond strength of resin-modified glass ionomer cement
Authors: Singh Thakur Veerandar , Sattiraju Priyanka Sai , Kamishetty Shekar , Reddy Smitha , Bhattacharjee Priyendu , Habeeb Aisha
Published: November 2023

Background:

The application of cavity cleansers for cavity disinfection can be a crucial step in the longevity of restorations. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of the application of a new quaternary ammonium silane (QAS)-based cavity cleanser (2% K21 QAS), with other commercially available cavity disinfectants on the bond strength of resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC).

Materials and Methods:

The buccal surfaces of 40 extracted premolars were trimmed to obtain a flat dentinal surface and were randomly divided into four experimental groups depending on the cavity cleansers used before restoration. Group 1: 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), Group 2: QAS (FiteBac 2% K21 QAS), Group 3: silver diamine fluoride-potassium iodide (Riva Star, SDF-KI), and Group 4: 3% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Then, a predetermined dimension of RMGIC restoration was bonded to the treated dentin surfaces. Following this, each sample was tested for shear bond strength (SBS) using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min.

Results:

Among the experimental groups, SDF-KI has shown the highest mean SBS, followed by 2% K21 QAS, and 2% CHX, which have shown almost comparable results. The 3% H2O2 group has shown the lowest values.

Conclusion:

According to the results of the present study, 2% K21 QAS has the potential to be used as an effective cavity cleanser before the placement of RMGIC restorations. Since its application does not affect the bond strength of restoration, it can be successfully used as an alternative to CHX and SDF-KI.
Association of maternal clinical factors with neonatal respiratory morbidity in meconium-stained labor among term parturients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Magno Jelli-Ann Arcibal , Zamora Brenda Bernadette B.
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to determine the maternal clinical factors associated with neonatal respiratory morbidity and other adverse neonatal outcomes in meconium-stained labor among term parturients.

METHODOLOGY:

A retrospective cohort study was done on admitted obstetric patients with term gestation and had meconium-stained labor. Maternal clinical factors such as age, parity, gestational age, manner of delivery, duration of labor, presence of term prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM), character of meconium-stained liquor (MSL), and presence of comorbidities were identified and analyzed to determine their association with neonatal respiratory morbidity and other adverse neonatal outcomes.

RESULTS:

In this study, there were 986 cases identified to have meconium-stained labor, and 168 developed neonatal respiratory morbidity. As to primary outcome, maternal clinical factors, such as age >35 years, multiparity, age of gestation >41 weeks, prolonged labor, presence of PROM, significant MSL upon admission, presence of change from nonsignificant to significant MSL, presence of intrauterine growth restriction, and hypertension, were all shown to be statistically significant.

CONCLUSION:

The presence of maternal clinical factors in meconium-stained labor was observed to be a risk factor in developing neonatal respiratory morbidity and other adverse neonatal outcomes. Hence, identification of maternal risk factors and early detection of meconium-stained amniotic fluid are vital in administering timely intervention to labor and delivery to reduce neonatal complications.
Regional differences in online interest in COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy: A Google Trends analysis
Authors: Vidal Manuel S. , Tantengco Ourlad Alzeus G. , Amosco Melissa D.L.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:

With the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women may turn to online information searches regarding COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination.

OBJECTIVE:

We aimed to determine global online interest in COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We utilized Google Trends data to determine the global search volume index (SVI) for the search terms “COVID-19 in pregnancy” and “COVID vaccine pregnancy” from January 1, 2020, to February 12, 2022, and ranked the top 15 search queries via their individual SVIs to assess the worldwide distribution of interest. Using Pearson correlation, we correlated several economic and pandemic-related country-specific data with the SVIs for the two search terms, while we utilized a one-way analysis of variance to country income groups with the SVIs using ANOVA. Significant correlations were denoted with P < 0.05.

RESULTS:

SVI for “COVID-19” in pregnancy showed a minimal and nonsignificant downward trend in 2022. SVI for this search term was positively correlated with the SVI for “COVID vaccine pregnancy” (P < 0.05). On the other hand, SVI for “COVID vaccine in pregnancy” showed an exponential decline from November 2020 to 2022. SVI for this search term was also negatively correlated with deaths per 100,000 cases (P < 0.05). Although this was nonsignificant, high-income countries showed higher online interest with the two search terms than low- to low-middle-income countries. There were no significant correlations among specific economic and pandemic-related country-specific data and SVI for both search terms.

CONCLUSION:

We observed a constant online interest in COVID-19 in pregnancy during the time period of the study, which may reflect the watchful engagement of people in the absence of face-to-face physician consultations. Peak online interest in COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy declined steadily, which may reflect either vaccine hesitancy or an increase in public knowledge of COVID-19 vaccines. High-income countries have apparently higher online interest in COVID-19 vaccines, which may be due to access to early mass administration to the general public. These data can be used as a reference regarding future policy-making in the setting of potentially massive public health emergency in the future.
Determinants of the microbiome spatial variability in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Szaleniec J , Bezshapkin V , Krawczyk A , Kopera K , Zapała B , Gosiewski T , Kosciolek T
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: The sinus microbiome in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is considered homogenous across the sinonasal cavity. The middle nasal meatus is the recommended sampling site for 16S rRNA sequencing. However, individuals with unusually high between-site variability between the middle meatus and the sinuses were identified in previous studies. This study aimed to identify which factors determine increased microbial heterogeneity between sampling sites in the sinuses. METHODOLOGY: In this cross-sectional study samples for 16S rRNA sequencing were obtained from the middle meatus, the maxillary and the frontal sinus in 50 patients with CRS. The microbiome diversity between sampling sites was analysed in relation to the size of the sinus ostia and clinical metadata. RESULTS: In approximately 15% of study participants, the differences between sampling sites within one patient were greater than between the patient and other individuals. Contrary to a popular hypothesis, obstruction of the sinus ostium resulted in decreased dissimilarity between the sinus and the middle meatus. The dissimilarity between the sampling sites was patient-specific: greater between-sinus differences were associated with greater meatus-sinus differences, regardless of the drainage pathway patency. Decreased spatial variability was observed in patients with nasal polyps and extensive mucosal changes in the sinuses. CONCLUSIONS: Sampling from the middle meatus is not universally representative of the sinus microbiome. The differences between sites cannot be predicted from the patency of communication pathways between them.
Корректность базисной логики предикатов относительно модифицированного варианта строгой примитивно-рекурсивной реализуемости
Authors: Konovalov Aleksander Yur'evich
Published: November 2023

Определяется понятие строгой примитивно-рекурсивной реализуемости для формул языка базисной логики предикатов $\mathsf{BQC}$,
учитывающее специфические особенности данного языка.
Доказывается, что исчисление $\mathsf{BQC}$ корректно относительно этого варианта строгой примитивно-рекурсивной реализуемости.
Библиография: 21 название.
Ортогональная аддитивность произведения степеней линейных операторов
Authors: Kusraeva Zalina Anatoljevna , Tamaeva Victoria Amurhanovna
Published: November 2023

В настоящей заметке установлено, что конечный набор
положительных линейных операторов,
действующих из архимедовой векторной решетки в архимедову $f$-алгебру
с единицей, сохраняет дизъюнктность в том и только том случае, если полином,
представленный в виде произведения степеней этих операторов,
ортогонально аддитивен. Аналогичное утверждение установлено и
для суммы полиномов, представленных как произведения степеней
положительных операторов.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Schistosomiasis Seroprevalence among Children Aged 0–14 Years in Nigeria, 2018
Authors: Straily Anne , Tamunonengiyeofori Israel , Wiegand Ryan E. , Iriemenam Nnaemeka C. , Okoye McPaul I. , Dawurung Ayuba B. , Ugboaja Nkechi Blessing , Tongha Martha , Parameswaran Nishanth , Greby Stacie M. , Alagi Matthias , Akpan Nseobong M. , Nwachukwu William E. , Mba Nwando , Martin Diana L. , Secor W. Evan , Swaminathan Mahesh , Adetifa Ifedayo , Ihekweazu Chikwe
Published: November 2023

The first nationally representative, population-based study of schistosomiasis seroprevalence in Nigeria was conducted using blood samples and risk-factor data collected during the 2018 Nigeria HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey (NAIIS). Schistosomiasis seroprevalence was estimated by analyzing samples for reactivity to schistosome soluble egg antigen (SEA) in a multiplex bead assay; NAIIS survey data were assessed to identify potential risk factors for seropositivity. The SEA antibody data were available for 31,459 children aged 0 to 14 years. Overall seroprevalence was 17.2% (95% CI: 16.3–18.1%). Seropositive children were identified in every age group, including children < 5 years, and seroprevalence increased with increasing age (P < 0.0001). Several factors were associated with increased odds of seropositivity, including being a boy (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.24–1.45), living in a rural area (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.9–2.5), and animal ownership (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.52–1.85). Access to improved sanitation and drinking water sources were associated with decreased odds of seropositivity (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.47–0.58 and OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.47–0.60, respectively) regardless of whether the child lived in a rural (sanitation: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.8; drinking water: aOR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.8) or urban area (sanitation: aOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.5–0.7; drinking water: aOR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.4–0.6), highlighting the importance of these factors for schistosomiasis prevention and control. These results identified additional risk populations (children < 5 years) and a new risk factor (animal ownership) and could be used to monitor the impact of control programs.
Demographic, Clinical, and Laboratory Characteristics of Children with Renal Tubular Acidosis
Authors: Yazıcı Aybüke , Çakar Nilgün
Published: November 2023

This study included patients followed up for primary renal tubular acidosis (RTA) between 1991 and 2012. Clinical characteristics at presentation, physical examination findings, laboratory test results, and treatments were recorded. The patients’ laboratory results, drug doses, height, and weight were recorded every 3 months for the first year of follow-up. Standard deviation scores (Z-scores) of height and weight for age were determined and the patients’ growth rates were evaluated. Of 50 patients followed up for primary RTA, 31 (62%) had distal RTA and 19 (38%) had proximal RTA. The median age at diagnosis was 3 months (range, 1-174 months) for patients with distal RTA and 10 months (range, 2-33 months) for patients with proximal RTA. The median follow-up times in these two groups were 96 months (range, 6-204 months) and 89 months (range, 6-180 months), respectively. Family history of RTA was more common among patients with distal RTA than those with proximal RTA (p=0.013). Nephrocalcinosis and deafness were detected more frequently in the distal RTA group (p=0.001), while ocular pathologies were more common in the proximal RTA group (p<0.001). In patients with distal RTA, older age at diagnosis was associated with lower weight and height Z-scores (p<0.05). Early diagnosis had a positive effect on the growth of patients with primary RTA.
Constipation in Children: An Example of A Conflict Situation
Authors: Altay Derya
Published: November 2023

Constipation is a prevalent issue in the pediatric population and is predominantly of functional origin. It often presents with symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and anorexia, making it a significant complaint among young patients. A comprehensive patient history and physical examination are typically sufficient for the diagnosis of functional constipation. Early intervention and patient and parent education are crucial for the success of treatment, which involves dietary adjustments, toilet training, and medical interventions. This review outlines an approach to managing constipation in children.
Kültürel Okuryazar mıyım? Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: KILIÇOĞLU KIVRAK Ayça , ÖZDEN Mehtap , ERBAŞ Yahya Han
Published: November 2023

Günümüzde giderek daha fazla önem kazanan kültürel okuryazarlık tüm bireylerin sahip olması gereken bir kavram olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Kültürel okuryazarlık bireyin kendi kültürünü bilerek sahip çıkması, başka kültürleri de öğrenip saygı duymasıdır. Bu nedenledir ki kültürlerarası iletişimin hızla arttığı günümüzde kültürel okuryazar bireylere ihtiyaç giderek artmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın amacı öğretmen adaylarının kültürel okuryazarlık durumlarını ortaya koyabilecek bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Bu amaçla oluşturulan ölçek beşli Likert tipinde hazırlanarak eğitim fakültesindeki öğretmen adayı öğrencilere uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ölçek geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmalarında kullanılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizine göre kültürel yeterlilik, kültürel farkındalık, kültürel bilginin inşası olmak üzere üç alt boyuta sahip ve 16 maddeden oluşan bir ölçeğe ulaşılmıştır. Yapılan geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri sonucunda ölçek maddelerinin birbiri ile uyumlu olduğu ve silinmesi gereken bir madde olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ölçeğin tümü için elde edilen iç tutarlılık kat sayısı .98 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu da ölçeğin iç tutarlılığın oldukça yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir.
Tensiones de la secularización en las crónicas de viaje de José Ingenieros
Authors:   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) // Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP) // Centro de Letras Hispanoamericanas (CELEHIS), Fernández Cristina Beatriz
Published: November 2023

En 1905, José Ingenieros viajó a Europa como representante argentino para participar en el V Congreso Internacional de Psicología, en Roma. Aprovechando la ocasión, el diario La Nación le encargó la redacción de una serie de “correspondencias”, que fueron publicadas en sus páginas y que posteriormente se compilaron en diversos libros. Nos interesa relevar, en los escritos de este cronista, algunos que hacen referencia a uno de los aspectos medulares de la cultura moderna europea y que, en su rol de “viajero estudioso” (para usar su propia expresión), observa en relación con los países que visita: el proceso social y cultural de la secularización. Este eje nos permitirá efectuar un recorrido por cuestiones como la relación entre secularización y vida urbana, así como el rol mediador entre el intelectual devenido en corresponsal y el público al cual estaban dirigidas sus crónicas.
PSYCHO-SOCIAL CHALLENGES FACED BY WORKING WIDOWS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Zafar Maryam , Yasin Humaira , Ashiq Khan Uzma , Salah ud Din Nazia
Published: November 2023

Widowhood is a significant life event that brings about various emotional, social, and economic changes for the woman, who navigates the challenges of grief, loss, and the adjustments required in her roles and responsibilities. The objective of this study was to explore socio psychological and emotional challenges faced by a working widows in Pakistan. For this purpose, a qualitative study was conducted to see how working widows faced different challenges and to analyze the social and cultural factors influence on their mental health. The sample of the study consisted of 12 working widows with age range of 35 to 59 years, who have been facing psycho-social challenges since spouse death. The data was collected through in-depth interviews based on semi-structured questions. Before collection of data a pilot study was conducted in order to polish the questionnaire. Privacy and confidentiality were maintained throughout the process. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the results. Participants frequently mentioned the absence of moral and emotional support in their lives. They expressed feelings of loneliness, difficulty in decision-making, and a lack of emotional outlets. Moreover, the nature of moral and emotional support they lack is primarily related to matters of children's upbringing, domestic affairs, and financial responsibilities. The research also uncovers the impact on children's mental health after losing their fathers.
PRAGMATIC ASPECTS OF THE CONCEPTUAL METAPHOR „TIME IS A VALUABLE COMMODITY“ IN SERBIAN AND ENGLISH
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Manojlović Nina Ž.
Published: November 2023

The conceptual metaphor time is money/ (valuable) commodity is considered to be fairly new and its origins are a matter of debate. Some researchers believe that cultural changes brought about this particular conceptualization, while others claim that the inherent finiteness of time is the basis for viewing time as something valuable. The aim of this paper is to examine the pragmatic aspects of concretizations of the said metaphor in Serbian and English. Namely we aim to investigate, within the framework of cognitive-inferential pragmatics, the possibility of certain expressions being an instance of descriptive and/or interpretative use of language. The theoretical framework is relevance theory and two approaches to metaphoric expressions taken into account are explicature analysis and modified explicature analysis. The analysis comprises examples of conceptual metaphors time is a (limited) resource (since we believe it serves as a basis for further elaboration and profiling value when it comes to mapping on the examined target domain) and time is a valuable commodity with special attention dedicated to examples of the conceptual metaphor time is money. The results show that speakers of English and Serbian conceptualize time in a similar way when it comes to the source domains resource and valuable commodity (attested metaphors include time has a price, time is for sale, etc.). When it comes to the pragmatic aspects of our analysis, the results point to the adequacy of both interpretative and descriptive approach to the interpretation of metaphoric expressions, depending on the entrenchment and routinization of an expression.
Revolutionizing Healthcare Through Innovation and Transformation in Research: A Global Action Plan Initiative to Address Critical Gaps and Drive Progress
Authors: Ibrahim Nagwa , AbdRaboh Nagla Raafat , Bienert Agnieszka , Baig Mirza R. , Ismaiel Abdulrahman , Mahmoud Mansour Adam , Al Mazrouei Nadia , S. Almalki Ziyad , Younis Ghada Ali , Eltahawey Gehan , Bashir Samra , A. Ahmed Hafez
Published: November 2023

The current state of innovation and transformation in healthcare research differs significantly worldwide due to several factors such as economic development, healthcare infrastructure, cultural attitudes, government policies, healthcare challenges, international collaboration, access to education and research institutions, and response to crises. High-income countries tend to lead in advanced healthcare research, while low-and middle-income countries often focus on basic healthcare needs. Urban areas have more access to innovation than rural regions, and information technology facilities digital health solutions. Cultural acceptance of innovation, traditional medicine, and government priorities influence research directions. Disease burden and resource allocation shape research priorities, while global partnerships accelerate innovation. The presence of research institutions and education levels affect innovation, and crises prompt advancement. Understanding these factors is important for navigating the diverse landscape of healthcare research and innovation globally. During the 4th Global Pharmaceutical, Medical and Healthcare Research Symposium that was conducted on 1-2 September 2023 by Global Healthcare Activities (GHA) with the theme of "transformation and innovation in healthcare research: are we ready? Action needed to bridge the gap" a panel discussion has been conducted. The panel consisted of 12 experts from different countries worldwide including Romania, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Poland and Pakistan aimed to establish a global initiative to discuss the current status of healthcare research innovation and transformation, identify the challenges and gaps then to set a global action plan to be considered as a guidance for healthcare authority and decision makers worldwide. The details of the current status, challenges and gaps as well as the action plan have been explained in the manuscript.
Peran Penting Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Membentuk Karakter Pribadi yang Islami
Authors: Yusri Nadia , Ananta Muhammad Afif , Handayani Widya , Haura Nurul
Published: November 2023

Islamic Religious Education is considered one of the main pillars in shaping Islamic character among students. This education involves conscious efforts to convey, guide, and teach the values of Islam so that students can understand, internalize, and practice Islamic teachings in their daily lives. This article utilizes the library research method, drawing on various journal references and books that discuss Islamic Religious Education as a character builder. In this context, Islamic Religious Education is expected to play a significant role in shaping a society with strong moral responsibility and Islamic character. It is a long-term investment to create individuals who are not only intellectually intelligent but also possess noble character in accordance with Islamic teachings.
Zločini iz mržnje u Republici Srbiji
Authors:   Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research, Kolaković-Bojović Milica , Đukanović Anđela ,   Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research
Published: November 2023

Ova monografija predmetu zločina iz mržnje pristupa sveobuhvatno, kroz sagledavanje teorijskih i uporednopravnih koncepata i rešenja; pojmovno određenje zločina iz mržnje i razgraničenje sa drugim srodnim pojmovima; prikaz relevantnih međunarodnih standarda u predmetnoj oblasti, kao i prakse Međunarodnog suda za ljudska prava i stavova relevantnih međunarodnih monitoring tela. Pored toga, monografijom je obuhvaćena analiza nacionalnog normativnog, strateškog i institucionalnog okvira u Republici Srbiji, sa fokusom na pozitivnopravnim rešenjima u krivičnom zakonodavstvu, kao i sagledavanju dosadašnjih pomaka učinjenih u pogledu osnaživanja institucionalnih i stručnih kapaciteta institucija, usmerenih na adekvatnije reagovanje na ovaj fenomen. Monografijom je sagledan i aspekt postojećeg stanja i perspektive unapređenja položaja žrtava zločina iz mržnje, a imajući u vidu njihovu dodatnu ranjivost, kao i obaveze koje je Republika Srbija preuzela u kontekstu pristupnih pregovora sa Evropskom unijom. Monografija takođe obuhvata rezultate kvantitativne i kvalitativne analize javnotužilačke i sudske prakse u oblasti zločina iz mržnje, kao i preporuke za unapređenje postupanja u ovoj vrsti predmeta. U ovom segmentu, nastojanje autorki je bilo da predstave, ne samo kvantitativne pokazatelje, već da se, kroz sveobuhvatne studije slučaja detaljno pozabave izazovima sa kojima se u praksi suočavaju sudije i javni tužioci, posebno kroz lupu (ne)ujednačenosti javnotužilačke i sudske prakse. Svesne da kreiranje javnih politika zasnovano na naučnim dokazima (evidence-based policy making), u ovim vremenima i u ovom području, predstavlja pre ideal nego realnost, autorke se ipak nadaju da će nalazima prezentovanim u ovoj monografiji dopreti do kreatora javnih politika i donosilaca odluka i time doprineti i unapređenju postojećeg normativnog i institucionalnog okvira. Nezavisno od (ne)uspeha prethodno opisane ambicije, ova monografija ima za cilj da nosiocima pravosudnih funkcija, pripadnicima policije, kao i advokatima koji u ulozi branioca okrivljenog ili punomoćnika žrtve postupaju u predmetima zločina iz mržnje, olakša savladavanje ključnih pitanja u ovoj oblasti i time doprinese unapređenju javnotužilačke i sudske prakse, kao i efikasnosti i kvalitetu pristupa pravdi za žrtve zločina iz mržnje.
Type of Tourism Attraction and Revisit Intention of Female Traveller
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Ambarrukmo (STIPRAM), Yuniati Nining
Published: November 2023

This research was conducted with the aim of gathering information on the motivations of female tourists to make repeat visits to Yogyakarta. Women were chosen as respondents because women are considered to have maturity and make better decisions in their families, as well in tourism activities. The research was conducted using a non-probability sampling model on 100 respondents who had finished their trip. The survey was carried out at tourist entry points such as at tourist attraction locations, railway stations and airports. There are three variables tested, namely Perceived Satisfaction of Cultural Attraction (CUL), Perceived Satisfaction of Natural Attraction (NAT), and Perceived Satisfaction of Shopping and Culinary Attraction (ShoC). Using the classic assumption test and multiple linear regression, the results show that female travellers have the intention of making a return visit (RI) because of the satisfaction factor on cultural tourist attraction (CUL) and the satisfaction factor on shopping and culinary attraction (ShoC). The attractiveness of Natural Attraction (NAT) does not significantly influence female travellers having intention to revisit.
STATE-LOCAL RELATIONS IN INDIA
Authors: Singh Rajbir
Published: November 2023

The Constitution of India established democratic governments at the Center, States, and Local Levels. The constitution provides relationship between the center, state  local governments. The constitutional structure of Local Self-government in India is based upon the decentralisation pattern in India with reference to the 73rd and 74th Constitutional amendments  and devolution of powers to Rural and Urban local bodies,  known as Panchayati Raj and   Municipalities, as the lowest unit of governance in villages and towns. The Act gives constitutional status to rural and urban governments. States governments are mandated to devolve adequate powers, responsibilities, and finances for preparing plans and implement schemes to provide basic amenities in rural and urban areas.