DYNAMICS OF PLATELET FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY IN PREMATURE NEWBORNS WITH CONGENITAL INFECTIONS IN THE EARLY NEONATAL PERIOD
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia, Balashova E.N. , Zhukova A.S. ,   National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia, Beznoschenko O.S. ,   National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia, Krechetova L.V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia, Kirtbaya A.R. ,   National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Ionov O.V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Degtyarev D.N. ,   National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2023

Platelet involvement in inflammatory and immune responses and its functional activity in various pathological conditions are actively studied. Despite there are scientific publications characterizing platelets of newborns vs. adults the data on the features of the expression of activation markers on platelets of premature infants with a complicated course of the early neonatal period are not enough. The purpose of the research was to analyze the expression of glycoproteins and activation molecules on the surface of peripheral blood platelets in newborns with congenital infection depending on gestational age (GA). Materials and methods of research: a prospective single-center case-control study was conducted in the National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after V.I. Kulakov (Moscow, Russia) in March 2018 - September 2019. The expression of activation markers on resting and activated platelets on the 1st and 3rd days of life (DOL) in 158 newborns aged 24 to 38 weeks was analyzed using the flow cytometry. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (n=20) of newborns with GA 24 to 28 weeks; group 2 (n=52) of newborns with GA of 29 to 33 weeks; and group 3 (n=86) of newborns with GA of 34 weeks and older. Results: in severely preterm (G1) compared with infants of older GA on the 3rd DOL platelets had higher MPV: 11.3 (10.4-12.3) vs. 10.1 (9.6-10.3), p=0.011, and PDW: 13.1 (12.2-15.6) vs. 11.3 (10.6-12.3), p<0.001. In infectious diseases in children with GA of 29 to 33 weeks there is a lower expression of phosphatidylserine on activated platelets in the 1st DOL: 8.8 (7.5-11.1) vs. 11.2 (10.3-12.1), p=0.046, and lower the content of activated platelets expressing P-selectin on the 3rd DOL: 89.5 (87.1-92.7) vs. 93.1 (90.4-94.4), p=0.048. In newborns with GA of 34 weeks and older with congenital infection in the 1st DOL there was a higher expression of von Willebrand Factor receptor revealed: 13.9 (12.3-16.4) vs. 12.4 (10.9-14.1), p=0.028, and a higher content of dense granules in activated platelets: 0.73 (0.65-0.79) vs. 0.67 (0.60-0.71), p=0.008. By the 3rd DOL there was an increase in MPV and PDW in all groups of children (p<0.05) recorded. Conclusion: in premature infants with congenital infection the expression of structural and activation molecules on platelets undergoes greater changes during the first three days of life than in children of similar GA without infectious pathology.