bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
S100A8/A9 as a risk factor for breast cancer negatively regulated by DACH1
Authors: Zhang Xiaojun , Niu Mengke , Li Tianye , Wu Yuze , Gao Jinnan , Yi Ming , Wu Kongming
Published: December 2023

Background

S100A8 and S100A9 are members of Ca2+-binding EF-hand superfamily, mainly expressed by macrophages and neutrophils. Limited by the poor stability of homodimers, they commonly exist as heterodimers. Beyond acting as antibacterial cytokines, S100A8/A9 is also associated with metabolic and autoimmune diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis. While the involvement of S100A8/A9 in breast cancer development has been documented, its prognostic significance and the precise regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods

S100A8/A9 protein in breast cancer samples was evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining with tumor tissue microarrays. The serum S100A8 concentration in patients was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The S100A8 secreted by breast cancer cells was detected by ELISA as well. Pooled analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between S100A8/A9 mRNA level and clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients. Besides, the effects of S100A8/A9 and DACH1 on patient outcomes were analyzed by tissue assays. Finally, xenograft tumor assays were adopted to validate the effects of DACH1 on tumor growth and S100A8/A9 expression.

Results

The level of S100A8/A9 was higher in breast cancer, relative to normal tissue. Increased S100A8/A9 was related to poor differentiation grade, loss of hormone receptors, and Her2 positive. Moreover, elevated S100A8/A9 predicted a worse prognosis for breast cancer patients. Meanwhile, serum S100A8 concentration was upregulated in Grade 3, basal-like, and Her2-overexpressed subtypes. Additionally, the results of public databases showed S100A8/A9 mRNA level was negatively correlated to DACH1. Stable overexpressing DACH1 in breast cancer cells significantly decreased the generation of S100A8. The survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high S100A8/A9 and low DACH1 achieved the shortest overall survival. The xenograft models indicated that DACH1 expression significantly retarded tumor growth and downregulated S100A8/A9 protein abundance.

Conclusion

S100A8/A9 is remarkedly increased in basal-like and Her2-overexpressed subtypes, predicting poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Tumor suppressor DACH1 inhibits S100A8/A9 expression. The combination of S100A8/A9 and DACH1 predicted the overall survival of breast cancer patients more preciously.
Harnessing ceramic hydroxyapatite as an effective polishing strategy to remove product- and process-related impurities in bispecific antibody purification
Authors: Ingavat Nattha , Wang Xinhui , Liew Jia Min , Mahfut Farouq Bin , But Ka Pui , Kok Yee Jiun , Bi Xuezhi , Yang Yuansheng , Shintaro Kobayashi , Tsoumpra Maria , Zhang Wei
Published: December 2023

Bispecific antibody (bsAb), a novel therapeutic modality, provides excellent treatment efficacy, yet poses numerous challenges to downstream process development, which are mainly due to the intricate diversity of bsAb structures and impurity profiles. Ceramic hydroxyapatite (CHT), a mixed-mode medium, allows proteins to interact with its calcium sites (C-sites) through metal affinity and/or its phosphate sites (P-sites) through cation exchange interactions. This dual-binding capability potentially offers unique bind and elute behaviours for different proteins of interest, resulting in optimal product purity when suitable elution conditions are employed. In this study, the effectiveness of CHT as a polishing step for bsAb purification was investigated across three model molecules and benchmarked against the traditional cation exchange chromatography (CEX). For both asymmetric and symmetric IgG-like bsAb post Protein A eluates, at least 97% product purity was achieved after CHT polishing. CHT delivered a superior aggregate clearance to CEX, resulting in low high molecular weight (HMW) impurities (0.5%) and low process-related impurities in the product pools. Moreover, CHT significantly mitigated "chromatography-induced aggregation" whereas eightfold more HMW was generated by CEX. This study illustrated the developability of CHT in effectively eliminating low molecular weight (LMW) impurities through post-load-wash (PLW) optimization, resulting in an additional reduction of up to 48% in LMW impurities. A mechanistic explanation regarding the performance of impurity removal and mitigation of the chromatography-induced aggregation by CHT was proposed, illustrating unique CHT capability is potentially driven by C-site cooperation, of which effectiveness could depend on the bsAb composition and size.

Graphical abstract
Modified Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy Exposure Method for Adults With Spastic Paralysis of the Lower Limbs
Authors: Pu Ke , Xu Rui , Han Guoqing , Liu Jiawen , Liu Xin , Yin Miaomiao , Li Qingguo
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Spinal deformities are a common complication after selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR). In this article, we introduce a more minimally invasive SDR procedure in adult patients with spastic paralysis of the lower limbs.

METHODS:

In this retrospective analysis of SDR in 8 adult patients with spastic paralysis of the lower limbs, a modified exposure method was used during the surgery. Only the lower part of the L1 spinous process, upper part of the L2 spinous process, and part of the lamina were resected through L1–2 interlaminar approaches. The motor and sensory roots were found to be completely dependent on electrophysiological monitoring. The sensory roots of the target muscle groups were partially transected. All patients were followed up for 2–4 years. The degree of lower extremity spasm was assessed using the Gross Motor Function Classification Scale, Ashworth grading, Gross Motor Function Measure-66, joint range of motion, and electromyography analysis.

RESULTS:

All 8 patients were successfully operated with the help of intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring. The Ashworth score of the target muscles, Gross Motor Function Measure-66 score, and range of motion of the joints improved significantly after surgery. Two patients achieved cross-grade improvement in their Gross Motor Function Classification Scale scores. No persistent incision pain or spinal deformities were observed during follow-up.

CONCLUSION:

The interspinous process approach provides sufficient surgical space and reduced the damage to the bone structure of the spine. The electrophysiological monitoring protocol is suitable for adult patients with lower extremity spasm.
The (Lack of) Anticipatory Effects of the Social Safety Net on Human Capital Investment
Authors: Deshpande Manasi , Dizon-Ross Rebecca
Published: December 2023

How does the expectation that a child will receive government benefits in adulthood affect parental investments in the child’s human capital? Most parents whose children receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits overestimate the likelihood that their child will receive SSI benefits in adulthood. We present randomly selected families with the predicted likelihood that their child will receive SSI benefits in adulthood. Reducing parents’ expectations that children will receive benefits in adulthood does not increase investments in children’s human capital. This zero effect is precisely estimated. Likely explanations include parents working more themselves, nonfinancial goals influencing investment, and families facing investment constraints. (JEL G52, I26, I38, J13, J24, J31)
What Drives Intergenerational Mobility? The Role of Family, Neighborhood, Education, and Social Class: A Review of Bukodi and Goldthorpe’sSocial Mobility and Education in Britain
Authors: Salvanes Kjell G.
Published: December 2023

The main finding of Bukodi and Goldthorpe (2019), using social status based on occupation groupings, is that there have not been improvements nor any decline in relative intergenerational mobility in Britain since World War II in terms of social class. Notably, there has not been improvement in the mobility of children from working-class backgrounds relative to other background classes. Importantly, the authors argue strongly that education is not the key determinant of adult success in the labor market. Moreover, improving the educational attainment of children from poor socioeconomic backgrounds does not help improve their labor market performance. This suggests that policies to improve the mobility of children from poor social backgrounds should not include attempts to foster human capital or education policies in general. (JEL D63, I26, I38, J24, J62, N34)
Investigations on Paradiplozoon bliccae (Reichenbach-Klinke, 1961) (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) found in Capoeta aydinensis, an endemic fish in Türkiye, based on ecological, molecular and host related factor approaches
Authors: Emre Nesrin , Aydogdu Nurten , Aydogdu Ali , Emiroglu Özgür
Published: December 2023

The present study investigated diplozoid parasites in an endemic species, Capoeta aydinensis Turan, Küçük, Kaya, Güçlü & Bektaş, 2017 in Köyceğiz Lake, near Muğla province (Türkiye). The aim of this research is to improve a record of diplozoid species occurrence in C. aydinensis, an endemic fish species by collecting data from a previously unexplored locality situated in a different geographical region of Türkiye. A total of 187 individuals of C. aydinensis were collected by using fishing nets from October 2019 to July 2020 and examined for the presence of diplozoid species. Only one species of diplozoid has been recorded, known as Paradiplozoon bliccae (Reichenbach-Klinke, 1961), which has been identified morphologically and confirmed through molecular analysis. The nucleotide sequences of the parasite's nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) gene marker were determined as well as phylogenetic analyses by using Bayesian inference (BI) analyses. On the basis of the molecular findings, the morphological identification of the diplozoid parasite species was confirmed. Of 187 fish sampled, 27 were infected with 117 P. bliccae, representing an abundance of 0.6, a mean intensity of 4.3 and a prevalence of 14.4%. The prevalence and mean intensity of infection were based on the season and sex of the host. The highest values of infection for prevalence, mean intensity and abundance were found in summer. Meanwhile, mean intensity and abundance of P. bliccae were higher in males, the prevalence was higher in females. To our knowledge, the present study is the first ichthyoparasitological study of C. aydinensis in Köyceğiz lake, near the province of Muğla in Türkiye. Furthermore, sequence data of P. bliccae from fish hosts in this locality were reported to GenBank for the first time as part of this study. Therefore, this study widens the host range of this parasite species in Türkiye.
CONDITION MONITORING OF STEEL TRUSS BRIDGE USING ACCELERATION DATA
Authors: GUPTA VAIBHAV , SARAVANAN U.
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the efficacy of utilizing data-driven techniques to continuously monitor the condition of steel truss bridges. Rather than relying on computationally intensive modeling methods, this approach utilizes parameters derived from raw acceleration time history data of on-field vibrations caused by regular traffic. Specifically, the study examines the relationship between changes in these parameters and the occurrence of damage in steel truss bridges. To conduct this research, the Pamban Bridge, which is over 100 years old, was fitted with accelerometers at various bottom node points on the bridge. The acceleration data was then parameterized into primary, secondary, and tertiary order parameters based on amplitude, frequency, and duration. These parameters were then analyzed to determine their suitability for detecting damage. This study examines the continuous variations in each parameter over an identical duration from March to July 2021 and March to July 2022, spanning 136 days each and over 1000 train passes. The bridge underwent retrofitting during the intervening period. A linear best-fit line is found for each sensor reading for the considered duration. The slope and intercept of the linear fit are studied. It was found that the change in the intercept values indicated the changes that occurred consistently and reflected the expected trends between sensor locations. To further validate the findings, the observations made through these parameters were compared with the retrofitting data of each member. The parameters, such as root mean square acceleration, arias intensity, characteristic intensity, and cumulative absolute velocity, were consistent and exhibited similar patterns during the observed period. Overall, this approach to condition monitoring is highly efficient and requires only on-field vibrations caused by regular traffic to detect potential damages in steel truss bridges, making it an ideal method for continuous monitoring without operational downtime.
TOPOLOGICAL DATA ANALYSIS FOR REAL-TIME EXTRACTION OF TIME SERIES FEATURES
Authors: RAZMARASHOOLI ARMAN , CHUA YANG KANG , BARZEGAR VAHID , LIU HAN , LAFLAMM SIMON , HU CHAO , DOWNEY AUSTIN R. J. , DODSON JACOB
Published: December 2023

Real-time state estimation is critical in rapidly assessing structural health to empower real-time feedback mitigation strategies. Of interest to this paper is the state estimation of high-rate system dynamics. High-rate systems are defined as dynamic systems experiencing high-rate (< 100 ms) and high-amplitude (acceleration > 100 gn) events. Examples include hypersonic vehicles and active impact mitigation strategies. The advanced operation of these mechanisms can only be achieved through control and feedback systems capable of operating in the sub-millisecond range, thus necessitating tight performance constraints. Additionally, high-rate system dynamics are highly nonlinear and non-stationary, for which traditional real-time inference methods cannot provide accurate predictions. Topological data analysis (TDA) is gaining popularity for classifying complex time series. Its integration with architected machine learning algorithms shows promise in advancing the predictive capabilities for high-rate systems. This paper investigates the use of TDA features in conducting state estimation. Some TDA features are explored on a physical perspective, and their applicability to the high-rate state estimation problem is assessed. A promising TDA feature is selected, namely the maximum persistence of Hð, and applied to laboratory datasets extracted from the dynamic reproduction of projectiles in ballistic environments for advanced research (DROPBEAR) testbed. The task consists of detecting the location of a fast-moving boundary condition on a cantilever beam. Results demonstrate that the feature can be used to detect the location of the moving boundary condition online. A discussion on real-time location of a fast-moving boundary condition on a cantilever beam and the applicability to high-rate systems is provided.
Counting and Enumerating Optimum Cut Sets for Hypergraph k-Partitioning Problems for Fixed k
Authors: Beideman Calvin , Chandrasekaran Karthekeyan , Wang Weihang
Published: December 2023

We consider the problem of enumerating optimal solutions for two hypergraph k-partitioning problems, namely, Hypergraph-k-Cut and Minmax-Hypergraph-k-Partition. The input in hypergraph k-partitioning problems is a hypergraph [Formula: see text] with positive hyperedge costs along with a fixed positive integer k. The goal is to find a partition of V into k nonempty parts [Formula: see text]—known as a k-partition—so as to minimize an objective of interest. (1) If the objective of interest is the maximum cut value of the parts, then the problem is known as Minmax-Hypergraph-k-Partition. A subset of hyperedges is a minmax-k-cut-set if it is the subset of hyperedges crossing an optimum k-partition for Minmax-Hypergraph-k-Partition. (2) If the objective of interest is the total cost of hyperedges crossing the k-partition, then the problem is known as Hypergraph-k-Cut. A subset of hyperedges is a min-k-cut-set if it is the subset of hyperedges crossing an optimum k-partition for Hypergraph-k-Cut. We give the first polynomial bound on the number of minmax-k-cut-sets and a polynomial-time algorithm to enumerate all of them in hypergraphs for every fixed k. Our technique is strong enough to also enable an [Formula: see text]-time deterministic algorithm to enumerate all min-k-cut-sets in hypergraphs, thus improving on the previously known [Formula: see text]-time deterministic algorithm, in which n is the number of vertices and p is the size of the hypergraph. The correctness analysis of our enumeration approach relies on a structural result that is a strong and unifying generalization of known structural results for Hypergraph-k-Cut and Minmax-Hypergraph-k-Partition. We believe that our structural result is likely to be of independent interest in the theory of hypergraphs (and graphs).

Funding: All authors were supported by NSF AF 1814613 and 1907937.
Conducting Photovoice With Binational Cancer Survivors to Identify Health Behavior Change Intervention Preferences
Authors: Werts Samantha J. , Lopez-Pentecost Melissa , Skiba Meghan B. , Vogel Rosi , Enriquez Tatiana , Garcia Lizzie , Ingram Maia , Thomson Cynthia
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Background: Culturally adapted behavior interventions are needed to support lifestyle behavior change for survivors of cancer. Objectives: To identify programming preferences of Mexicanorigin female survivors of breast cancer living on the U.S./Mexico border. Methods: We conducted a nine-week photovoice project with survivors of breast cancer in Nogales, Sonora/Arizona exploring viewpoints on food and dietary habits, wellness activities, and preferences for healthy lifestyle intervention programming. Photovoice, a participatory qualitative research technique, provided participants with research skills to document and share their lived experience through photographs. Weekly sessions began with photograph presentations and concluded with group discussion of common themes. Data were analyzed following a thematic content analysis using session notes and written narratives compiled during discussion sessions. Results: Survivors ( n = 6) worked collaboratively with facilitators to identify themes related to diet and physical activity behavior. Connection between food and culture and the importance of enjoying meals with others was emphasized. Primary activity interests included leisure-time recreation that relieved anxiety related to their cancer diagnosis rather than regimented exercise routines. Participants noted the importance of giving and receiving social support and emphasized altruism to support positive mood and self-efficacy during survivorship. Networking and knowledge sharing were considered valuable. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of collaborative research such as photovoice to gain insights for adaptation of evidence-based lifestyle interventions for Mexican-origin survivors of cancer. Key adaptation considerations include culturally relevant dietary preferences and patterns, physical activities with a strong mind-body component, and opportunities for social engagement and experience sharing.
The Hows of Resident-Driven Community Empowerment toward Health Equity
Authors: Davis Mary V. , Ishiwata Eric , Sethi Jen , Sobral Bruno
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Background: This article details community engagement, design, and implementation strategies for the Raices-Xidid-Roots (RXR) Academy. RXR provided a linguistically accessible and culturally relevant curriculum to residents of Spanish and Somali-speaking immigrant, asylee, and refugee backgrounds. Objectives: This study examined the implementation of the RXR program, including participation and adjustments needed to foster participant engagement and active voice, and explored participant actions to address self-identified aspirations as part of participation. RXR's goal was to empower Morgan County, Colorado, Spanish- and Somalispeaking cohorts of residents from immigrant, asylee, and refugee backgrounds such that they could autonomously plan, create, and sustain programs and organizations to meet their community needs. Methods: The observational study design included process and implementation evaluative approaches, including interview, project team meeting debriefings, and course organizer reflections, to identify and address implementation challenges, learn how the program met participants' needs, and understand keys to maintaining participant engagement. Results: Cultural adaptation of the content was key to maintaining consistent participant engagement, including delivering programming in participant preferred languages and tailoring curriculum to participant cultural practices. Participants indicated that language barriers had previously prevented them from accessing the content provided by the program's curriculum. Adaptations included adjusting meeting logistics, participant compensation, and unit timing. The Two RXR Academy cohorts developed initiatives that addressed community-identified needs. Lessons Learned: Three RXR design elements supported participant engagement and development of community power: 1) language access beyond the language justice model by providing programming in the participants' preferred language, 2) cultural adaptation of programming, and 3) community ownership and active voice Conclusions: The RXR program provided opportunities for skill development among Morgan County's non-native English-speaking residents and led to the design and implementation of resident-driven projects.
Building Bridges and Strengthening Bonds: An Exploratory Investigation Into Social Capital and Youth Programming
Authors: Mathias Brenda , Magee Kiran , Jackson Regina , Graham Phillip W. , Madsen Kristine
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Background: Social capital is increasingly recognized as a key component of adolescent development, providing important opportunities to grow and strengthen their social networks while increasing access to resources such as jobs and social support. Objectives: This study explored how youth-serving organizations (YSOs) across California address social capital development and assessed need for a social capital curriculum or measurement tools. Methods: The sample for this study was drawn from the 2019 IRS Business Master File from the National Center for Charitable Statistics Data Archive . We contacted a random sample of 169 California YSOs and implemented a 15-item survey to capture organizational perspectives on the importance of social capital, tools to measure this construct, and the use of programming related to social capital. Results: Among 41 YSOs completing the survey, only 24 (59%) had heard of the term "social capital," but when the term was described, 88% felt it was a highly important asset for youth. Thirty YSOs (73%) provided programming designed to promote social capital. Most respondents (68%) said being able to measure social capital would be very important and nearly all said they would be interested in adopting a tested social capital curriculum. Conclusions: Strong interest from YSOs for additional social capital tools highlights the need for additional work in this area. With support, YSOs can connect young people to institutions and influencers significantly outside of normal social circles, thus creating an increasingly sustainable and diverse range of resources available to youth as they navigate life milestones.
Being a Peer Community Health Worker: Restoring Ourselves and the Community
Authors: Elumn Johanna E. , Dempster Dionne , Powers JoZ , Saunders Monya , Johnson Karen A. , Hunt Timothy , Puglisi Lisa B. , Morse Diane
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Women on the Road to Health Transitions combines two evidence-based strategies, WORTH and Transitions Clinic Network into an intervention for women involved in the criminal legal system with substance use and HIV risks. Led by peer community health workers (CHWs), Women on the Road to Health Transitions also links participants to primary care. We describe the impact of the program from the perspective of the CHWs. As integral research team members, the CHWs learned to successfully recruit, retain, and empower participants, facilitate the intervention, administer surveys, and help them link with and navigate the healthcare system. Simultaneously, the CHWs developed professional skills and self-efficacy.
Resilience Among Small Community-based Organizations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights for Future Public Health Crises
Authors: Cunningham Shayna D. , Flores Candida , Mohamed-Abouh Fawatih , Dittmore Alixe , Schensul Stephen , Schensul Jean , Brown Stacey , Grady Megan A.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has created numerous challenges for many community-based organizations to sustain delivery of services and programs. This paper offers perspectives from leadership of three small community-based organizations serving diverse populations in the Hartford, Connecticut, region on how they were impacted and responded to disruptions during the first year of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Community-based organizations' commitment to the populations they serve and agility with regard to programming, staffing, and finances were highlighted as key to their resilience, enabling them to serve their clients with stability. The ability to collect information on the impact of the pandemic on clients supported by a well-established, long-term partnership with researchers at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine and Institute for Community Research facilitated their making data-driven decisions on how to best allocate limited resources. The lessons learned about organizational challenges and resilience may be applicable to future public health emergencies.
Design of an IMI optical 2 × 4 decoder circuit based on square disk resonators
Authors: Turki Murtadha F. , Al-Tamimi Haydar M.
Published: December 2023

This paper presents the design of a 2×4 decoder that was developed by using the finite element method (FEM) in conjunction with the COMSOL version 5.5 software. Insulator–metal–insulator (IMI) waveguides with four substructures were used in the fabrication of the plasmonic decoder. Gold is used as a conducting material. This is a challenge for us, while Teflon is used as a dielectric material in the fabrication process. The dimensions of this part are 1090 nm by 400 nm. At an operating wavelength of 1550 nm, the transmission threshold (Tthreshold) of this scheme has been determined to be 10%. In order to assess the effectiveness of the plasmonic decoder, it is recommended that the modulation depth (MD), contrast ratio (CR), and insertion loss (IL) parameters be carried out. Both the highest values of CR and MD are 12.33 decibels, and the maximum value of MD is 99.96%. It is because of these qualities that this work is distinguished from earlier works.
Contamination-Resistant Antireflective Coatings for Laser Optics
Authors: Boscher C. , Jégou M. , Bertin F. , Martins N. , Vigneron S. , Belleville P. , Beaudier A.
Published: December 2023

This study presents various results concerning the improvement of antireflective coating to resist the organic pollution responsible of the decrease of optical performances in the CEA Megajoule Laser facility (LMJ).
Dual-Pulse Dual-Wavelength Sub-Nanosecond Raman Fiber Amplifier Based Red-Orange Light Source
Authors: Papernyi Serguei , Kim Youngjae , Snejko Dmitri , De Villers Pierre , Clements Wallace
Published: December 2023

A fully-integrated backward-pumped polarization-maintaining Raman phosphosilicate fiber amplifier providing synchronized or separate sub-nanosecond second-harmonic pulses at 655 and 589 nm, each having 3 W average output power at 40-100 MHz repetition rates is reported.
Tunable Mid-infrared All-fiber Laser for Real-time Active Imaging of Greenhouse Gases
Authors: Michaud Louis-Charles , Boilard Tommy , Magnan-Saucier Sébastien , Paradis Pascal , Talbot Lauris , Thiboult Antoine , Nadeau Daniel F. , Vallée Réal , Bernier Martin
Published: December 2023

We report a tunable all-fiber laser emitting a maximum output power of 2.55 W around 3240 nm with a tuning range of 1.5 nm used on field as an illumination source for active imaging of methane and water vapor.
6W Diode-Pumped Tm:GdVO4 Laser at 2.29 μm
Authors: Yu Xiaoxu , Eremeev Kirill , Pan Zhongben , Loiko Pavel , Chu Hongwei , Zha Fangyuan , Pan Han , Zhao Shengzhi , Chen Weidong , Braud Alain , Camy Patrice , Li Dechun
Published: December 2023

A diode-pumped Tm:GdVO4 laser operating on the 3H4 →·3H5 transition generated 6.09 W at 2.29 μm with 30.8% slope efficiency and linear polarization (π). The polarized spectroscopic properties of Tm3+ ions in GdVO4 were also revised.
Efficient Femtosecond Mid-IR Optical Parametric Generation at 10 MHz Pumped by a Mamyshev Fiber Oscillator and Amplifier
Authors: Pizzurro Sara , Sukeert  , Esteban-Martín Adolfo , Gotti Riccardo , Carrà Luca , Piccinno Giuliano , Agnesi Antonio , Pirzio Federico , Kumar S. Chaitanya , Ebrahim-Zadeh Majid
Published: December 2023

We report highly efficient (~60%) femtosecond mid-IR optical parametric generation at 10-MHz repetition rate exploiting zero-group-velocity-mismatch condition in 19-mm-long PPLN and 42-mm-long MgO:PPLN crystals. We obtain 300-fs signal pulses with 3.4-4.1 μm idlertuning.
Compact Ultrastable Seed Laser for Mid-IR OPCPA
Authors: Hettel W. , Golba G. , Morrill D. , Carlson D. , Chang P. , Wu T.-H. , Diddams S. , Kapteyn H. , Murnane M. , Hemmer M.
Published: December 2023

We present a fiber-based laser delivering synchronized pulses at 2 μm and 3 μm wavelengths to seed an OPCPA system. The simple architecture provides robust, stable mid-IR light for amplification to generate SXR high harmonics.
Investigation of High-Power Ho3+:YAG Lasers With Homogeneous and Segmented Crystals
Authors: Goth Katharina , Rupp Marius , Griesbeck Michael , Eitner Madeleine , Eichhorn Marc , Kieleck Christelle
Published: December 2023

We compare Ho3+ :YAG laser resonators with a homogeneously doped and a segmented laser crystal. Thermal lens investigations are shown for both crystals in optimized resonator configurations. Up to 20 ns, 2.2 mJ Q-switched pulses are generated with the homogeneously doped crystal.
Bi-doped fiber amplifier operating in the wavelength range of 1430-1500 nm
Authors: Wang Yu , Halder Arindam , Sahu Jayanta
Published: December 2023

We report Bi-doped germanosilicate fiber amplifier with a 38dB gain at 1455nm and >20dB gain from 1430-1495nm for an input signal of -23dBm. The temperature-dependent-gain coefficients over temperatures spanning from -60°C to 80°C are <006dB/¤C.
Verdet constant measurement of calcium fluoride for deep-ultraviolet optical isolator
Authors: Tamaru Yuki , Fuchimukai Atsushi , Uehara Hiyori , Miura Taisuke , Yasuhara Ryo
Published: December 2023

The Verdet constant of CaF2 was found to be 39.4rad/Tm at 193nm and 19.0rad/Tm at 248nm. CaF2 can be realized the optical isolator for DUV light sources with the moderate magnetic field.
16 MW peak power at 266 nm by frequency conversion using YAl3(BO3)4 nonlinear single crystal
Authors: Cassouret Florent , Kausas Arvydas , Loiseau Pascal , Aka Gérard , Rytz Daniel , Taira Takunori
Published: December 2023

In this work 1.6 MW peak power at 266 nm were obtained with 32% power conversion efficiency using YAl3(BO3)4 single crystal to generate the fourth harmonic of a Nd3+:YAG/Cr4+:YAG microchip laser.
Efficient high resolution broadband SFG spectrometer utilizing BGSe nonlinear crystal covering 2.5-10 µm spectral range
Authors: Lukošiūnas J. , Kananavičius R. , Danilevičius R. , Januškevičius R. , Schunemann P. G. , Michailovas A.
Published: December 2023

Efficient hybrid broadband high resolution SFG spectrometer covering a 2.5-10 μm spectral range based on femtosecond mid-IR OPA source utilizing BGSe nonlinear crystal is demonstrated. The unique characteristics of BGSe crystal makes it a promising material for broadband mid-IR OPA sources pumped at 1 μm and operating at high repetition rates.
Orbital angular momentum beams engineering with liquid-crystal converter and a kW fs digital laser
Authors: Becheker Rezki , Ranély-Vergé-Dépré Claude-Alban , Fsaifes Ihsan , Boer Gerben , Chanteloup Jean-Christophe
Published: December 2023

We report on a versatile orbital angular momentum beam generation from a 61 channels coherent beam combining femtosecond digital laser by using liquid-crystal polarization converter.
32 mJ, 158 fs pulses at 20 kHz repetition rate by spatiotemporal coherent combination of a fiber laser system
Authors: Stark H. , Klenke A. , Benner M. , Buldt J. , Limpert J.
Published: December 2023

We introduce a high-energy, high-power ultrafast fiber laser system. 8-pulse bursts are amplified in 16 parallel ytterbium-doped fiber amplifiers and spatiotemporally coherently combined to pulses of 32mJ energy, 158fs duration at 20kHz repetition rate.
Rod-type Multicore Fiber with 49 Cores for Coherent Beam Combination of Femtosecond Pulses
Authors: Klenke A. , Steinkopff A. , Bahri M. , Jauregui C. , Nold J. , Haarlammert N. , Schreiber T. , Tünnermann A. , Limpert J.
Published: December 2023

We present an Ytterbium-doped, multicore, rod-type fiber comprising 49 signal cores. The fiber has already demonstrated kW-level output average powers. Additionally, we provide first results of coherent beam combination of stretched femtosecond pulses.
Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier with High Pulse Energy
Authors: Sudarshanam Venkatapuram S. , Jin Cang , Nicholson Jeffrey W.
Published: December 2023

High pulse energy ~5 mJ within ~2.6 µs FWHM was obtained at 5 kHz repetition rate from 1480 nm core-pumped, Erbium-doped VLMA fiber with 80 µm core diameter and 60 dB/m absorption at 1535 nm.
GaSb-Based SESAM Mode-Locking of a Polarization-Maintaining Er:ZBLAN Fiber Laser at 2.8 μm
Authors: Normani Simone , Idlahcen Saïd , Loiko Pavel , Hanzard Pierre-Henry , De Paula Alisson Rodrigues , Godin Thomas , Berthelot Thibaud , Cozic Solenn , Poulain Samuel , Camy Patrice , Hideur Ammar
Published: December 2023

A GaSb-based SESAM enables continuous-wave mode-locked operation with excellent stability of a polarization-maintaining mid-infrared Er:ZBLAN fiber laser continuously tunable across 110 nm (2.706–2.816 μm) with a repetition rate of 32.1 MHz.
Time-domain Mode Selection in Multi-mode Fiber Laser by Active Mode Locking
Authors: Ohnishi Yukiaki , Shirakawa Akira
Published: December 2023

A method to selectively excite a transverse mode in multimode fiber laser, called Timedomain Mode selection, is proposed. By tuning the repetition rate of active mode locking, change of the transverse mode was demonstrated.
Nonlinear temporal cleaning of ultrashort laser pulses in multipass cells
Authors: Kaur Jaismeen , Daniault Louis , Cheng Zhao , Tourneur Oscar , Tcherbakoff Olivier , Réau Fabrice , Hergott Jean-François , Lopez-Martens Rodrigo
Published: December 2023

We explore the possibility of integrating third-order nonlinear optical filtering techniques in a multipass cell architecture in order to achieve simultaneous temporal compression and cleaning of ultrashort laser pulses.
Versatile Ultrashort Pulse Laser Tunable up to Nanosecond Range
Authors: Bartulevičius T. , Lipnickas M. , Madeikis K. , Burokas R. , Andriukaitis D. , Michailovas A.
Published: December 2023

A versatile industrial-grade 30 W-level average power femtosecond laser operating in single-pulse, GHz-burst (short-, long-bursts, GHz-bursts-in-MHz-bursts) regimes, with the ability to tune pulse duration from femtosecond up to nanosecond range is introduced in this work.
Kerr-lens Mode-locked Tm3+-doped Mixed Sesquioxide Single Crystal Laser at 2.1 µm
Authors: Suzuki Anna , Kalusniak Sascha , Ganschow Steffen , Kränkel Christian , Tokurakawa Masaki
Published: December 2023

We report on a Kerr-lens mode-locked Tm3+:YScO3 mixed sesquioxide crystal laser. Pulses as short as 49 fs corresponding to 7 optical cycles were achieved with an average output power of 126 mW at 2128 nm.
Novel Approach to Deriving the Efficiency of Self-Terminating Four-Level Q-Switched Laser
Authors: Merkle Larry D. , Brown Ei Ei , Fleischman Zackery D. , McKay Jason , Dubinskii Mark
Published: December 2023

We have developed a simple approach to deriving the efficiency of Q-switched four- level lasers, valid for long lower laser level lifetimes. Its threshold and limiting slope efficiency provide useful estimates for free-running four-level lasers as well.
Radiation-balanced Yb:YAG and Yb:KYW lasers
Authors: Cheng Long , Andre Laura B. , Rytz Daniel , Rand Stephen C.
Published: December 2023

Radiation-balanced lasing and thermal profiling are reported in two Yb-doped laser crystals. In 3% Yb:YAG a record efficiency of 30.5% was achieved and radiation-balanced lasing was first demonstrated in impure tungstate crystal 2% Yb:KYW.
0.3 PW/(sr·cm2) Brightness, Passively Cooled Microchip Laser
Authors: Lim Hwan Hong , Taira Takunori
Published: December 2023

A passively cooled Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG unstable resonator microchip laser achieves a record-breaking brightness of 300 TW/(sr·cm2) with 26.4 MW peak-power, 10.5 mJ energy, 398 pS pulse duration, and M
2
of 2.7 at 10 Hz repetition rate.
Thin-disk multipass amplifier delivering picosecond pulses with kW average power and highly-flexible intra-burst repetition: from MHz to multi-GHz
Authors: Loescher André , Bienert Florian , Pontagnier Lilia , Cormier Eric , Santarelli Giorgio , Guandalini Annalisa , Kemnitzer Matthias , Aus der Au Jürg , Graf Thomas , Ahmed Marwan Abdou
Published: December 2023

We present for the first time a thin-disk multipass amplifier delivering picosecond pulses with kW average power and highly-flexible MHz to multi GHz intra-burst repetition and at 100 kHz of burst repetition rate.
Shot-Noise Limited 1-GHz Dual-Comb Supercontinuum from a Single-Cavity Dual-Comb and a Single ANDi Fiber
Authors: Camenzind S. L. , Rampur A. , Sierro B. , Willenberg B. , Heidt A. M. , Keller U. , Phillips C. R.
Published: December 2023

We report a 1-GHz dual-comb supercontinuum generated from a single-cavity dual-comb in a single ANDi fiber. The combs exhibit record-low noise and approach the shot-noise limit in the performed RIN and dual-comb interferometry measurements.
Carbon K-Edge Soft X-Rays driven by a 3 µm, 1 kHz OPCPA laser system
Authors: Carlson Daniel , Morrill Drew , Hettel Will , Thurston Jeremy , Golba Grzegorz , Lesko Daniel , Diddams Scott , Kapteyn Henry , Murnane Margaret , Hemmer Michael
Published: December 2023

We report the generation of soft X-ray radiation up to the carbon K-edge (284 eV) in nitrogen gas driven by a millijoule-class 3 µm OPCPA featuring 135 fs pulses at 1 kHz repetition rate.
Intra-cavity singly-resonant OPO pumped by a visible VECSEL for low-noise down-conversion to 1.55 µm
Authors: Anderson S. , Moriya P. H. , Caspani L. , Hastie J. E.
Published: December 2023

We report the first OPO pumped intra-cavity by an AlGaInP-based VECSEL. The continuous-wave, single-frequency OPO is pumped at 690.6 nm, operates with down-conversion efficiency of 68.7%, and is free of relaxation oscillations; of interest for generation of quantum light states.
Power Scaling of a Narrowband-Seeded PPLN Non-Resonant Optical Parametric Oscillator
Authors: Temel Tugba , Murray Robert T. , Wang Li , Chen Weidong , Schirrmacher André , Battle Ronan A. , Petrov Valentin
Published: December 2023

A PPLN non-resonant optical parametric oscillator injection-seeded by narrowband sub-100-mW CW radiation at the signal wavelength produces > 3 W idler average power at 2376 nm for a 20-kHz repetition rate, with sub-2-nm spectral linewidth.
Quantitative CMOS (qCMOS) Camera Capabilities with a focus on quantum optics
Authors: Coyle Brad , Dhimitri Klea , Fullerton Stephanie , Bennett Keith , Miura Taiki , Higuchi Takafumi , Maruno Tadahashi
Published: December 2023

Scientific CMOS (sCMOS) cameras have developed rapidly over the past decade. This poster will provide an overview on Hamamatsu's ORCA-Quest quantitative CMOS (qCMOS) camera and discuss the role of qCMOS cameras for quantum optics application.
3.5 MW-peak and 17 Watt-average Power LED-Pumped Nd:YAG Laser
Authors: Ho Xuan-Long , Wu Ming-Hsiung , Huang Yen-Chieh
Published: December 2023

We have generated 17-W average power of quasi-CW pulses at 50 Hz and 3.5 MW peak power of Q-switched pulses at 10 Hz from a LED-pumped solid-state laser.
Fabrication of laser induced high-quality porous graphene electrode on patterned metal electrode for electrochemical energy device
Authors: Choi Hak-Jong , Kwon Soongeun , Shim Hyung Cheoul , Kim Geehong , Lim Hyungjun , Ahn Junhyoung , Choi Ki-Bong , Lee JaeJong
Published: December 2023

High quality porous graphene electrode is formed on patterned metal electrode using high-power carbon dioxide (CO2) laser to carbonize the polyimide film working as electrochemical energy device
Overview of optical characterisation capabilities for assessing suitability of optics for high-energy, high repetition rate lasers
Authors: Quinn Gary , Clarke Danielle , De Vido Mariastefania
Published: December 2023

We present an overview of the optical characterisation capabilities available at the Central Laser Facility and describe how they are used to assess the suitability of optics and coatings for high-energy, high repetition rate lasers.
A Simple Single-pass Divided-pulse Amplification Scheme
Authors: Petersen Alan B. , Kafka James D.
Published: December 2023

A divided-pulse amplification scheme is described and demonstrated using a free-space delay line, single-pass amplifier and minimum components. This arrangement should be suitable as a final amplifier stage in either psec or stretched fsec systems.
Phase Noise in DFB Lasers for Different Optical Injection Locking Regimes
Authors: Berisha Arbnor , Runge Patrick , Schell Martin
Published: December 2023

We investigate the locking behavior of a DFB laser as a function of master laser wavelength and intensity. We find significantly more phase noise reduction when injecting with a negative frequency offset. This can be replicated in numerical modelling and explained by the Bogatov effect.
Experimental optimization of orbital angular momentum beams generated by coherent beam combining digital laser
Authors: Ranély-Vergé-Dépré Claude-Alban , Becheker Rezki , Fsaifes Ihsan , Burger Miloš , Jovanovic Igor , Chanteloup Jean-Christophe
Published: December 2023

We experimentally implemented a genetic algorithm to improve the uniformity of a Laguerre-Gaussian beam generated with a 61-channels coherent beam combining digital laser.
Electronically Tuned, Self-Difference Frequency Generation in the 7.6-16 µm Spectral Range
Authors: Yumoto Masaki , Miyata Kentaro , Kawata Yasushi , Wada Satoshi
Published: December 2023

We demonstrated electronic wavelength tuning in the 7.6–16 µm range using self-difference frequency generation based on random quasi-phase matching in an electronically tuned Cr:ZnSe laser and evaluated its usefulness by the trace N2O detection.
Riesz transform phase-shifting technique from a single fringe pattern
Authors: Tounsi Yassine , Kumar Manoj , Kaur Karmjit , Santoyo Fernando-Mendoza , Matoba Osamu , Nassim Abdelkrim
Published: December 2023

A computational four-step phase-shifting method based on the Riesz transform is proposed for optical phase extraction from a single fringe pattern. It provides a robust solution in interferometry and can replace the conventional phase-shifting techniques.
Tuning emissions of optical fiber laser by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on super-mode interference in a seven core fiber
Authors: Vallejo-Carrillo R. G. , Torres-Torres M. , Antonio-Lopez J. E. , Amezcua-Correa R. , Salceda-Delgado G.
Published: December 2023

Tuning the emission of optical fiber laser based on super-mode interference is presented. A Mach- Zehnder interferometer constructed with a piece of seven-core fiber spliced between two single-mode fibers is used as a tuning element.
Effects of Chalcogenides Atoms in Up-Conversion Photoluminescence
Authors: Sharma Ankit , Rout C. S. , Adarsh K. V.
Published: December 2023

Here, we demonstrated the effect of chalcogenides (O to Te) in up-conversion photoluminescence at nonlinear optical regime. We observed visible light emission at infrared excitation (1.26 eV) which is very far from bandgap (~1.65-1.70 eV).
Ultrafast ionization of transparent materials under femtosecond laser irradiation
Authors: Abdelmalek A. , Sari A. , Bedrane Z. , Girolami M.
Published: December 2023

Electron plasma excited by direct femtosecond laser irradiation in diamond material has been investigated using Keldysh theory. The result shows that controlling the impact ionization process is a key factor to improve laser-induced nano-micromachining.
Effect of Process Parameters on Ni-Based WC Powder-fed Direct Laser Deposition
Authors: Youssef Doaa , Hassb-Elnaby Salah , Al-Sayed Samar Reda
Published: December 2023

This study offers a numerical algorithm to predict the heat distribution during multitrack direct laser deposition of Ni-based WC powder on titanium alloy considering the phase transitions that occur as the materials melt and resolidify.
Novel Transparent Ceramics Based on Tm3+-Doped Cubic Gadolinia and its Solid-Solutions for 2 µm Lasers
Authors: Eremeev Kirill , Loiko Pavel , Balabanov Stanislav , Evstropov Timofey , Kosyanov Denis , Filofeev Sergey , Camy Patrice , Braud Alain
Published: December 2023

Transparent ceramics based on thulium-doped cubic gadolinia Gd2O3 and its solidsolutions (Gd,Y)2O3, (Gd,Lu)2O3 and (Gd,Y,Lu)2O3 are fabricated by hot pressing. They feature low phonon energies and broad and smooth gain profiles extending above 2 μm.
Kerr-lens mode-locked Tm,Ho:Ca(Gd,Lu)AlO4 laser
Authors: Wang Li , Chen Weidong , Pan Zhongben , Bae Ji Eun , Rotermund Fabian , Loiko Pavel , Mateos Xavier , Zhang Ge , Griebner Uwe , Petrov Valentin
Published: December 2023

We report on a Kerr-lens mode-locked Tm,Ho:Ca(Gd, Lu)AlO4 laser generating 38-fs pulses at ~2.04 μm with an average power of 78 mW at a pulse repetition rate of ~87.9 MHz.
Dual-constrained physics-enhanced untrained neural network for lensless imaging
Authors: Wang Zehua , Zheng Shenghao , Ding Zhihui , Guo Cheng
Published: December 2023

An untrained neural network (UNN) paves a new way to realize lensless imaging from single-frame intensity data. Based on the physics engine, such methods utilize the smoothness property of a convolutional kernel and provide an iterative self-supervised learning framework to release the needs of an end-to-end training scheme with a large dataset. However, the intrinsic overfitting problem of UNN is a challenging issue for stable and robust reconstruction. To address it, we model the phase retrieval problem into a dual-constrained untrained network, in which a phase-amplitude alternating optimization framework is designed to split the intensity-to-phase problem into two tasks: phase and amplitude optimization. In the process of phase optimization, we combine a deep image prior with a total variation prior to retrain the loss function for the phase update. In the process of amplitude optimization, a total variation denoising-based Wirtinger gradient descent method is constructed to form an amplitude constraint. Alternative iterations of the two tasks result in high-performance wavefield reconstruction. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our method.