bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELAKSANA SURAT KETERANGAN WARIS OLEH PEJABAT NOTARIS DI 5 KOTA JAKARTA, BANDUNG , SEMARANG, YOGYAKARTA , SURAKARTA
Authors: Maria T. Lidwina , Swantoro A.Aris , Marditia Putri Purbasari Raharningtyas
Published: September 2023

Notary is an official appointed by the Government based on the Notary Position Regulation to be able to make a deed. The Notary is required to be responsible for the contents of the deed made by the parties so that it does not contradict the Regulation of the Notary Position, and or does not make a deed that does not meet the requirements in advance of shipping or contrary to the provisions of Article KUHPEr. So that the Notary in carrying out his responsibilities must not conflict with the authority specified in the regulations. One deed that can be made by a Notary Public is a certificate of inheritance SKW. In practice the making of SKW is not as small as a Notary who was fooled in bad faith from the parties in terms of the contender giving a fake Birth Certificate so that the Notary Public means that those who are facing are the heirs who should and are entitled to and get an inheritance. But related to this matter, if in the future the SKW is problematic it will not be the responsibility of the Notary. Civil liability can occur in 2 cases Acts against the Law and Default. Violation of Unlawful Acts by a Notary is to act beyond or contradict the responsibility that has been given to him as stipulated in the regulations relating to the making of the deed. The practice that becomes the responsibility of a notary in making SKW is as follows: First, Error in applying the article related to the distribution of inheritance. Second, mistakes in determining the parties who become heirs in good faith. Third, the error determines the amount of distribution for each heir determined by SKW. Fourth, the testator's will is not included in the SKW made by the parties. Notary in practice can avoid this risk if among the Notary professions determine and determine the procedures and prerequisites for making and format of SKW as the notary profession agrees to the code of ethics so that uniformity of the Notaries in making SKW thus prevents the Notary from legal liability that should be can be avoided in carrying out his responsibilities as a Notary
PENYALAHGUNAAN WEWENANG HAKIM DALAM MEMBUAT PUTUSAN (Studi Kasus Putusan 464/Pid.B/2017/PN.Tjk.)
Authors: Melati Dwi Putri
Published: September 2023

Discrepancies are found in decision No. 464 / Pid.B / 2017 / PN.Tjk, because the panel of judges decapitates or omits an element of article 310 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code. decisions in accordance with elements of the law and legal remedies for judges who abuse their authority. Approach the problem by using a normative juridical approach (legal research). Judicial Power is the power of an independent state to administer justice to enforce law and justice based on the Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, for the sake of the Republic of Indonesia. But in reality, at the point that explains that there are no consequences for judges in carrying out their duties, it is often used as an opportunity for judges to commit irregularities and be unfair and impartial. if there is an irregularity claimed by the judge in taking the decision of a case, then the injured party can file a complaint to the Supreme Court supervisory body and also the judicial commission. So it is important to create a special team that can impose sanctions on judges who commit irregularities, are not competent, not qualified and unfair in deciding a case.
MENGURAI POLEMIK PENEGAKAN HUKUM TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DALAM PUSARAN PANDEMI COVID-19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Fajrianto Fajrianto
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini hendak meninjau probabilitas penjatuhan sanksi pidana mati kepada mantan Menteri Juliari P. Batubara jika nantinya hasil penyelidikan Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) menunjukkan bahwa tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan memenuhi unsur delik dalam Pasal 2 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 juncto Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (UU TPK). Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah penelitan yuridis normatif dengan teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaku korupsi hanya dapat dipidana mati apabila jenis korupsi dilakukan merujuk pada Pasal 2 Ayat (1) UU TPK, memenuhi unsur “keadaan tertentu” dalam Pasal 2 Ayat (2) UU TPK dan ketentuan aspek kesalahan, dampak, serta keuntungan tinggi yang termaktub dalam Pasal 8 PERMA No.1/2020. Berkaitan dengan kasus korupsi yang dilancarkan oleh mantan Menteri Sosial Juliari P. Batubara, meskipun nantinya hasil penyelidikan KPK menunjukkan bahwa korupsi yang dilakukan memenuhi unsur-unsur delik Pasal 2 Ayat (1) UU TPK, pidana mati sejatinya tidak dapat diterapkan, karena unsur “keadaan tertentu” yang merupakan prasyarat pelaku korupsi dapat dipidana mati tidak terpenuhi.
PENERAPAN PASAN 32 AYAT(2) PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 24 TAHUN 1997 TENTANG PENDAFTARAN TANAH OLEH PENGADILAN
Authors: Leks Eddy Marek , Fitri Nabilla Aulia
Published: September 2023

Tanah merupakan aset penting bagi setiap orang. Oleh karena itu, kejelasan tentang kepemilikan tanah dan perlindungan terhadap pemilik tanah juga menjadi penting. Untuk mencapai hal tersebut, Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan PP Pendaftaran Tanah. Hasil akhir dari pendaftaran tanah adalah terbitnya tanda bukti berupa sertipikat tanah yang merupakan alat bukti yang kuat sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 19 ayat (2) UUPA. Ini menujukkan bahwa sertipikat tanah bukan satu-satunya bukti atau bukti mutlak kepemilikan tanah. Oleh karena itu, pemegang sertipikat tanah tetap menghadapi risiko pembatalan atau gugatan atas kepemilikan tanah dari pihak lain. Pasal 32 ayat (2) PP Pendaftaran Tanah dimaksudkan untuk menjadi mitigasi dari risiko hukum sengketa kepemilikan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana Pasal 32 ayat (2) PP Pendaftaran Tanah dan unsur-unsurnya diterapkan di pengadilan. Berdasarkan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus di pengadilan sejak tahun 2009 sampai dengan tahun 2021, kami menemukan bahwa dari 355 putusan yang kami teliti yang menyebut Pasal 32 ayat (2) PP Pendaftaran Tanah, dalam sebagian besar putusan, yaitu 84% (299 putusan), majelis hakim tidak merujuk pasal tersebut dalam pertimbangan hukumnya, sedangkan sisanya 16% (56 putusan), majelis hukum merujuk secara langsung pasal tersebut. Dari 16% kasus hukum tersebut, 95% (53 putusan) secara penuh menerapkan Pasal 32 ayat (2) PP Pendaftaran Tanah dan 5% (3 putusan) sisanya dipertimbangkan sebagai tidak kontekstual karena menyangkut tanah adat. Berdasarkan penelitian kami, pada pengadilan yang menerapkan Pasal 32 ayat (2) PP Pendaftaran Tanah, unsur tentang telah diterbitkannya suatu sertipikat secara sah dan unsur bahwa sertipikat tanah telah lewat 5 (lima) tahun adalah dua unsur yang paling sering dipertimbangkan oleh pengadilan.
KAJIAN HUKUM PIDANA TERKAIT PRAKTIK BINARY OPTION
Authors: I Doloksaribu Eddie
Published: September 2023

Perhatian masyarakat saat ini tertuju pada praktik Trading Binary option. Binary option merupakan salah satu bentuk kegiatan berupa prediksi harga sebuah asset pada waktu tertentu yang dilakukan oleh para trader. Praktik Trading Binary option menjadi sebuah issue hukum dan kontroversi di banyak negara, khususnya di Indonesia, karena kegiatan ini illegal, tidak mempunyai payung hukum, dan mengarah sebagai bentuk perjudian. Di Indonesia, Binary option dianggap illegal karena tidak terdapatnya kontrak yang disetujui oleh Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi (Bappebti) selaku badan pengawas. Praktik Binary option banyak ditawarkan di platform media sosial melalui para influencer/ affiliatornya. Mereka menyampaikan pesan seolah-olah sangat mudah mendapatkan keuntungan besar dalam waktu singkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah hukum pidana Indonesia melihat  praktik Binary option sebagai bagian dari tindak pidana dan juga aakan dilihat dari aturan tentang transaksi elektronik. Metode penelitian yang akan digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian yang mengutamakan data sekunder sebagai data utama. Data ini diperoleh dengan penelusuran kepustakaan yaitu dari peraturan perundang-undangan terkait, buku, jurnal ilmiah, laporan hasil penelitian dan dokumen lain.
Enhancing patient care: Ethical considerations for micronutrient management in hospital nutrition settings
Authors: Permatasari Dian
Published: September 2023

Micronutrients are represented by vitamins and minerals and are present in a wide variety of foods. Each of these nutrients performs specific functions that are essential for the health of our cells and their harmonious functioning. Data suggest that many people have an inadequate daily intake of micronutrients, even when nutritious food is more easily available. It has since been established that the complex, integrated immune system needs multiple specific micronutrients, including vitamins A, D, C, E, B6, and B12, folate, zinc, iron, copper, and selenium, which play vital, often synergistic roles at every stage of the immune response.
The science and practice of micronutrient in clinical nutrition : the importance of micronutrient evaluation
Authors: Darmayanti Siska
Published: September 2023

Micronutrients play a crucial role in maintaining good health as they are required for various processes within the body. Every individual has different micronutrient needs depending on their metabolic condition. To achieve optimal health, these needs must be met adequately.
Nutrition and inflammaging : unveiling the impact of diet on healthy aging
Authors: Puruhita Niken
Published: September 2023

Aging is a declining process which leads to a poorer state of human health. The process involved immune system, known as immunosenescence, which is a multifactorial and dynamic process, involving both innate and acquired immunity. It is characterized by a progressive reduction in the ability to trigger immune responses against infections and vaccinations and lead to inflammaging. Immunosenescence plays a critical role in most chrocic diseases in older people, therefore, attempts are made to slow down or reverse the process.
Relationship between spacing of pregnancy and incidence of anemia in Multipara
Authors: Widyantara K , Sudarma Verawati
Published: September 2023

Indonesia has a high prevalence of anemia in pregnant women, generally caused by iron deficiency. Pregnancy spacing <2 years, especially in multiparas, can affect the incidence of anemia which can cause miscarriage, premature birth, prolonged labor due to uterine muscle fatigue during contractions, postpartum bleeding due to the absence of uterine muscle contractions (uterine atony) and shock.
Knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding hydration of fluid intake of a university’s students in Jakarta
Authors: Sutanto Luciana B , Putri Tasya Choiriah , Fabiani Helena , Winaktu Gracia JMT
Published: September 2023

Adequate body fluid is beneficial for maintaining physiology, cognitive function, and concentration, which are important for students. The purpose of this study was to determine knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding hydration and fluid consumption and fluis intake of university students in Jakarta.
Fluid intake among university students in Jakarta
Authors: Sutanto Luciana Budiati , Sutanto Prillyta Gladys , Winaktu Gracia JMT , Fabiani Helena
Published: September 2023

The significance of fluid intake cannot be underestimated, as it plays a vital role in regulating body temperature and enhancing cognitive function, especially in individuals experiencing thirst, while maintaining concentration. Fluid intake can be derived from various sources such as food, beverages, and metabolic processes. The objective of this study was to investigate the fluid intake among university students in Jakarta.
O consumo abusivo de álcool: seus impactos no indivíduo e na sociedade em meio ao cenário pós-pandêmico
Authors: Boaes Ana Beatriz Guerreiro , Souza Cristiane Monteiro de , Araujo Mirelia Rodrigues de
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do cenário pós-pandêmico no consumo abusivo de álcool, avaliando de forma individualizada e socialmente. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa seguindo as diretrizes da Declaração PRISMA, utilizado a base de dados da PubMed e MEDLINE, por meio dos descritores “Alcoolismo” e “COVID-19”, onde foi obtido 3246 artigos. Resultados: Dentre os artigos levantados, o somatório de participantes foi de 1.694.829 pacientes, com desenhos selecionados dos continentes Europeu, Asiático e Norte Americano. Observou-se a partir da análise dos estudos incluídos que o consumo abusivo de álcool além de ser considerado um problema psíquico, causa danos consideráveis na saúde física de quem consome e problemas de ordem social para a comunidade. Ao encontro disso, constatou-se um aumento na prevalência do consumo de álcool durante a pandemia que impactou diretamente nos sistemas de saúde de países do primeiro mundo. Considerações finais: Entre os principais impactos encontrados do cenário pandêmico se pode destacar o aumento das doenças gastrointestinais por abuso de álcool e o agravamento de problemas psíquicos.
A importância dos fatores socioeconômicos na gênese e manutenção das anemias carenciais
Authors: Oliveira Neto Thomaz Barroso de , Sousa Michelle Lima , Silva Pedro Vinícius Fernandes da , Godinho Ariadne Carvalho
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Definir a importância dos fatores dietéticos e socioeconômico na gênese e manutenção da anemia carencial.  Métodos: Revisão Integrativa baseado na pergunta norteadora “Qual a importância dos fatores socioeconômicos na gênese e na manutenção das anemias carenciais?”. O levantamento eletrônico dos dados ocorreu nas bases de dados Pubmed e LILACS. Resultados: Do total da amostra, cinco estudos foram extraídos da plataforma LILACS e três da plataforma Pubmed, sendo composta 50% por estudos transversais, 12,5% corresponde a estudos retrospectivos, 25% a estudos de revisão sistemática com metanálise e 12,5% a estudos prospectivos. Todos os estudos foram analisados de forma minunciosa quanto a qualidade metodológica e risco de viés presente. A maioria das famílias analisadas nos estudos possuía baixa renda. Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas de anemia entre os gêneros masculino e feminino e entre as áreas residenciais. Considerações finais: Foi observada uma associação entre o desenvolvimento da anemia e a fragilidade socioeconômica e educacional. As condições precárias de saneamento básico, baixa renda, dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde, moradia rural, baixa escolaridade e o desemprego influenciam na gênese e na manutenção das anemias.
Efeitos da Covid-19 em gestantes: evidências no período pandêmico
Authors: Barros Sirley Costa de , Araújo Eliete da Cunha , Parente Andressa Tavares , Nascimento Geovana Brito , Dias Thamyles da Silva , Neves Emely Borges das , Ferreira Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff , Valois Rubenilson Caldas , Sousa Fabianne de Jesus Dias de , Rodrigues Diego Pereira
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Identificar os efeitos da Covid-19 na gestação, visando os principais sinais e sintomas e desfechos da doença nesse grupo. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura, com artigos científicos extraídos nas bases da LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF e PUBMED, realizada com os descritores: Sinais e Sintomas, Sinais e Sintomas Respiratórios, Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2 e Gestantes. Foram utilizados os booleanos AND e OR, sendo incluídos artigos em inglês, espanhol e português, publicados no ano de 2020, 2021 e 2022. Encontrou-se 251 artigos e 21 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Os principais efeitos da Covid-19 na gestação foram agrupados em duas abordagens: Aspectos clínicos e desfechos de gestante com Covid-19 e Covid-19 no período gestacional trimestral. As evidências sobre os sinais foram: tosse, febre, mialgia, dispneia, perda de paladar, cefaleia, fadiga e diarreia, além dos desfechos para parto prematuro e internações em unidade de terapia intensiva. Houve maior frequência de artigos sobre o terceiro trimestre gestacional, com sintomas variando entre leves e graves e exames de imagem como método eficaz para diagnóstico precoce em gestantes. Considerações finais: A infecção da Covid-19 na gestante tem repercussões sobre sinais vitais e desfechos, sendo importante a detecção precoce, acompanhamento e o manejo clínico adequado desse grupo.
Análise de casos de gravidez e abortamento em adolescentes residentes em uma comunidade terapêutica
Authors: Ribeiro Maria Victoria de Morais Born , Campos Rodrigo Montenegro de Pereira , Lima Telmo Henrique Barbosa de , Araújo Linda Concita Nunes , Diniz Danielle Leão , Barreto Samara Lima , Correia Mariana Chagas da Cruz , Armond Larissa Müller , Gomes Junior Marcos da Silva , Andrade Pedro Mafra de
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico de casos de gravidez e abortamento em adolescentes acolhidas em uma comunidade terapêutica. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo. Como critério de inclusão, foram selecionadas adolescentes entre 12 e 17 anos de idade acolhidas na comunidade terapêutica selecionada. Os dados foram registrados em fichas próprias e analisados através de estática descritiva em frequência absoluta e relativa. Todos os preceitos éticos que regem uma pesquisa científica foram respeitados, sendo o estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa. Resultados:  Do quantitativo total de adolescentes, 36 foram consideradas elegíveis para o estudo. A população parda foi prevalente no estudo, 58,33% das entrevistadas e 91,66% tinham o ensino fundamental incompleto. Diante desses fatores de risco para a gestação precoce, ainda foi analisado o início da vida sexual, que concluiu que a maioria já iniciou a vida sexual (69,44%).Os dados evidenciaram que 25% das entrevistadas estiveram grávidas e 19,44% relataram abortamentos, sendo 16,66% espontâneo e 5,55% provocado. Conclusão: Identifica-se no estudo fatores de risco para a gestação e abortamento durante a adolescência, os quais foram a vulnerabilidade social, população negra, coitarca precoce, baixa escolaridade e a não utilização de métodos contraceptivos.
The vagus nerve in psychiatry: From theories to therapeutic neurostimulation in neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Nayok Swarna Buddha , Sreeraj Vanteemar Sathyanaryana , Shivakumar Venkataram , Venkatasubramanian Ganesan
Published: September 2023

The vagus nerve (VN) plays an important role in the modulation of the autonomic nervous system, inflammatory system, and interoception, therefore connecting the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems to the central nervous system. Dysregulation of the VN is implicated in several psychiatric disorders. The recent availability of safe and non-invasive transcutaneous VN stimulation (tVNS) techniques opens new opportunities to evaluate the role of the VN in psychiatric disorders. We briefly review the basic anatomy and physiology of the VN, extensively discuss various theories linking VN dysfunction to health and illness, give details of the probable neurochemical underpinnings of VN activity, delineate its dysfunction in psychiatric disorders and put forward the current state and future directions of VNS, specifically focusing on tVNS.
New 1, 2, 3-triazole-Furan Scaffold Schiff bases: Design, Synthesis, Characterization and biological studies
Authors: Somanatha T.M. , Krishnaswamy G. , Nayana R. , Nayana J. , Bhavana R. , Shivaraj G. , Sreenivasa S. , Shet Prakash M.
Published: September 2023

In the present investigation, Schiff bases (SBs) bearing 1, 2, 3-triazole and furan motif were synthesized through condensation reaction via conventional approach (Route-A) and solvent free approach (Route-B). It has been found that route-B is efficient since it is eco friendly with short reaction time and satisfactory yield than route-A. The structure and formation of targeted Schiff bases (SBs) were confirmed by different spectroscopic techniques (1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass). Finally, in vitro antimicrobial screening result revealed that the synthesised SBs derivatives may act as moderate antimicrobial agents.
Synthesis, computational and anti-oxidant studies of 2-[2-(4-arylamino)-4-phenylaminothiazol-5-oyl]naphthalene
Authors: Jebalenet J. , Jenisha J. , Abbs Fen Reji T.F.
Published: September 2023

The compound 2-[2-(4-arylamino)-4-phenylamino thiazol-5-oyl]naphthalene was synthesized and characterized by different physico-chemical techniques such as IR, electronic parameters, antioxidant studies etc. The geometrical and electronic characteristics of 2-[2-(4-arylamino)-4-phenylaminothiazol-5-oyl]napht halene were calculated theoretically using the Gaussian 09W software at the B3LYP/6-31G level of theory. The predicted geometrical characteristics are close to those published for 2-[2-(4-arylamino)-4-phenylaminothiazol-5-oyl]naphthalene with similar structures. Geometrical parameters are dependent on the atom's size, bonding nature and charge transfer according to optimization. The estimated MOs are helpful in determining the optimised compounds' collective electronic characteristics. Energy gap, on the other hand, is a measure of chemical reactivity, kinetic stability and polarizability.
A novel approach of 19F NMR based sensor
Authors: Khandelwal Amit Kumar , Hariyani Poonam , Shrivastava Barkha
Published: September 2023

Reliable and precise methods are to be applied ranging from biological field to diagnosis and quality control to identify target analytes in samples. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a strongly recommended process that is suitable for collecting data multidimensionally at molecular and atomic levels. Information obtained from the NMR technique provides molecular structures, molecular interactions, dynamic and diffusional properties of molecules. Overlapping of NMR signals of each component makes it difficult to interpret data and low sensitivity makes it unfitting for many samples with a low concentration of analytes. These limitations can be rectified by adding heteronuclear specially designed sensors, inventive transduction mechanism and strong pulse sequences. 19F NMR tool is extensively accepted method to detect the interactions among a variety of biological substrates with 19F-isotopic species. This review includes the detection of biomolecules, mainly enzymes and enzymatic reactions based on sensor applicability.
The Role of Non-Arctic Powers in the Arctic Geopolitical Space
Authors: Grigoriev N. A.
Published: September 2023

The Arctic region is increasingly emerging as a pivotal factor in the geopolitical landscape of international relations. It serves as an arena where the interests of major global powers converge, encompassing vast mineral reserves, territorial disputes, and the ongoing development of the Northern Sea Route. Arctic nations are establishing frameworks for cooperation and regional development, resulting in the creation of international organizations such as the Arctic Council and the formulation of comprehensive programs for the sustainable development of northern territories. This article aims to assess the involvement of non-Arctic powers in the development of the Arctic. Notable emerging actors include the People’s Republic of China, India, South Korea, Japan, and the European Union. Our examination reveals their significant contributions to economic development, the establishment of scientific centers focused on ecological research and climate change, as well as mineral exploration. Furthermore, this research raises important questions regarding the legal status of the Arctic seas, particularly those through which commercial vessels navigate. In the foreseeable future, potential scenarios involve further modifications to the institutional governance of the Arctic region, an expansion of the Arctic Council’s authority and membership, and the negotiation of new international legal agreements to facilitate cooperative interstate development in the Arctic based on effective and trust-based partnerships.
The concept of the state in the Yakut language: legal and linguistic analysis
Authors: Shadrin V. V. , Popova A. P.
Published: September 2023

This paper is devoted to the study of the concept of «state» in the Yakut language. The relevance of the work is caused by modern scientific tendencies to study the role of language in jurisprudence, in particular the study of the morphology and semantics of political and legal terms. Especially significant in this context is the study of political and legal terms in the languages of the peoples of multinational Russia. Legal and linguistic analysis is applied to identify the origin, meaning and significance of the concept «state» in the Yakut language. A comparative description of the concept of the state in Russian and various Turkic and Mongolian languages is given. The ancient Turkic concept of «il/ el» is revealed. It is concluded that Yakut language, on the one hand, uses direct borrowing from Russian to denote the concept of «state», on the other hand, revives the ancient Turkic concept of «il» in the meaning of «statehood», «state». This distinguishes the Yakut from other Turkic languages. Further study of this issue from the viewpoint of sociology and psychology and further development of the state language policy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) seems necessary.
Investigating kurdish efl students’ speed reading and reading comprehension levels at the university of duhok
Authors: Mohammed Sipan , Hasan Fatimah
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to identify Kurdish EFL students’ speed reading and reading comprehension levels and to show the effect of speed reading on reading comprehension. The study utilized a quantitative method to collect data for a period of six weeks. The participants were 25 second-year students with intermediate level in the Departments of English, College of Languages, and College of Basic Education at the University of Duhok (hereafter: UoD). For assessing speed reading and reading comprehension level, Well Read 3 was adapted since it is intended for intermediate level. After the pretest, the participants were trained by speed reading techniques in order to improve their speed reading and reading comprehension. The pretest and posttest results demonstrated that the total average students' speed reading and reading comprehension levels were significantly increased. Furthermore, the result obtained from the regression analysis showed a significant influence of speed reading on reading comprehension. Due to the constant change occurring in speed reading, reading comprehension changed interchangeably by 25%. In only a period of six weeks, the findings of this research could confirm the need to integrate speed reading courses in all educational levels.
تاثیر المحاسبة الخضراء على تحسین الاداء المالی للشركة في ظل وجود لجان التدقيق
Authors: سعید پەیمان , عبداللە هەرێم , عبدالرحمن ڕێباز
Published: September 2023

إن ممارسة المحاسبة الخضراء وضمان توافق الشركة مع قواعد المحافظة على البيئة ومساءلتها في حالة تجاوزها يعتبران أمرين حيويين للحد من التلوث. كما يمكن للإدارة اتخاذ قرارات مدروسة بشأن القيادة في تحقيق التكلفة البيئية. تقوم الشركات بإبلاغ أدائها البيئي من خلال تقارير الاستدامة التي تكمل البيانات المالية. تتمثل دور لجنة التدقيق في التأكد من نزاهة ودقة التقارير المالية وإجراءات التدقيق، وذلك عن طريق التأكيد على موضوعية واستقلالية المدقق الخارجي. تتضمن هذه الدراسة دراسة كيف يمكن لممارسات المحاسبة الخضراء، من خلال فعالية لجنة التدقيق، أن تساهم في تحسين الأداء المالي للشركات الصناعية في إقليم كردستان العراق. تم جمع البيانات من عدد من الشركات الصناعية في قطاعات النفط والغاز والبتروكيماويات والنسيج ومواد البناء السمنت وتصنيع المعادن. وتشير نتائج التحليل الاحصائي إلى أن ممارسات المحاسبة الخضراء لها تأثير إيجابي على الأداء المالي للشركات الصناعية. تركّز هذه الدراسة على كيفية تحسين الأداء المالي للشركات الصناعية في إقليم كوردستان العراق عن طريق تنفيذ ممارسات المحاسبة الخضراء، وتقييم فعالية لجان التدقيق في هذا الصدد. تم جمع البيانات من عدة قطاعات صناعية في إقليم كوردستان، بما في ذلك صناعة النفط والغاز والبتروكيماويات والنسيج ومواد البناء وتصنيع المعادن. أظهرت نتائج التحليل الإحصائي أن لجان التدقيق ذات حجم كبير واستقلالية عالية وخبرة ومعرفة واضحت تأثيرًا إيجابيًا على الأداء المالي للشركات الصناعية في إقليم كوردستان. وأظهرت النتائج أيضًا أن لجنة التدقيق تعد وسيطًا مؤثرًا في العلاقة بين المحاسبة الخضراء والأداء المالي. ننصح بتعيين أعضاء لجان التدقيق ذوي الكفاءة والخبرة المهنية في المحاسبة، والتأكد من توفر الخبرة اللازمة في مجال تطبيق ممارسات المحاسبة الخضراء. كما ينبغي على مجالس إدارة الشركات الصناعية تطوير قدرات أعضاء لجان التدقيق لتعزيز قدرتهم على فهم وتطبيق ممارسات المحاسبة الخضراء بشكل فعال.
SYMBOL, REAL AND THE SACRED IN THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF MIRCEA ELIADE (1907-1986)
Authors: ARION Alexandru-Corneliu
Published: September 2023

From the idea that man is a “religious being” (homo religious) follows all the basic concepts and ideas of the history of religions as understood by M. Eliade and which inevitably lead to the postulate of the indestructible, absolute unity of the human spirit. The centrality of phenomenology over history in Eliade is reflected in his general understanding of the religious phenomenon as 'hierophany', that means any 'manifestation of the sacred'. Meaning is found in the 'modalities of the sacred' revealed by the hierophany. And the identification of the modalities of the sacred is 'more important' than 'tracing the history of a hierophany. The experience of the sacred as construed by Eliade in terms of coincidentia oppositorum draws inspiration from Rudolf Otto’s notion of mysterium tremendum et fascinans. Eliade asserts that 'myth reveals the actual structure of the divinity, which transcends all attributes and reconciles all contraries'. On the other hand, the symbol has a unifying function, and it highlights the fact that man has a synthetically structured consciousness and that he can intuit the cosmos in a unitary way. Homo religiosus manifests at all levels of culture, the desire to live according to the symbol, so he can be also called «homo symbolicus». Like the sacred, the symbol is a given of the integral consciousness of man. For Eliade the desire to live in the sacred is equated with the desire to possess sacred power and live in objective reality. He equates the sacred with being, hence, the existential desire for the sacred is reflected in a thirst for being. “Homo religiosus always believes that there is an absolute reality, the sacred, which transcends this world but manifests itself in this world, thereby sanctifying it and making it real”.
THE CANONICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE HOLY TRINITY IN ORTHODOX ICONOGRAPHY
Authors: GAGU Cristian
Published: September 2023

The iconography of the Holy Trinity represents an extremely important issue, considering that the icon must fully express the truth of the Churchʼs faith, and current at the same time, since in church painting we can easily observe deviations from the canon of orthodoxy. That is precisely why, appealing to both the Orthodox and the Catholic bibliography, the present study aims to bring to the attention of theologians, clergy, iconographers and, why not, the laity alike, in a succinct presentation, the question of iconography and, implicitly, of the iconology of the Holy Trinity, to understand which representations are canonical and which are not, to correctly choose the icon of the Holy Trinity that can be painted and honored, in churches or in the home of every Christian
“Because of mchango, I give my baby gripe water so he sleeps and stops crying”: Exclusive breastfeeding and parents’ concerns about colic-like symptoms in infants under 6 months in Lake Zone, Tanzania
Authors: Craig Hope C. , Matare Cynthia R. , Martin Stephanie L. , Kayanda Rosemary A. , Klemm Gina C. , Bezner Kerr Rachel , Dearden Kirk A. , Nnally Luitfrid P. , Dickin Katherine L.
Published: September 2023

BackgroundEffective social and behavior change strategies for exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rely on understanding how families interpret infant behavior and provide care. Little research thoroughly explores household use of non-prescribed medicine for infants under 6 months in rural Tanzania, which can interrupt EBF and may have other harmful unintended effects.

AimTo explore parents’ use of non-prescribed medicine in response to infants’ colic-like symptoms during the EBF period.

MethodsWe conducted thematic analysis of a series of qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 36 mothers and 30 fathers of infants 0-6 months in Lake Zone, Tanzania. Here, we focus on emergent themes related to concerns about colic-like symptoms and global implications for public health practitioners.

ResultsParents reported concerns about excessive crying and perceived infant abdominal pain, attributed to a potentially serious disease state locally known as mchango. Most parents gave non-prescribed medicines (e.g. gripe water, oral traditional medicine, and/or other commercial medicines) to treat or prevent mchango and associated symptoms, often including infant crying. After receiving supportive counselling on soothing techniques, most were willing to avoid giving non-prescribed medicines. Some reported continued challenges attributed to mchango symptoms, namely inconsolable crying.

ConclusionWhile symptoms of mchango reported in this study overlapped with colic symptoms, literature in Tanzania suggests, in some cases, mchango is perceived to have spiritual origins and potentially be dangerous if left untreated. Empathetic counseling can offer parents knowledge and skills to manage colic-like symptoms without using non-prescribed medicines. Health workers need clear messages and training on risks of non-prescribed medicines and Tanzanian legislation banning its promotion and distribution.
Nourishment or Punishment: Nutrition support towards the end of life
Authors: Kanjiani Madrika Mirza , Qasim Amber
Published: September 2023

Artificial nutrition support during the end-of-life is deemed non-beneficial. Withholding nutrition when the patient is near death is a controversial and ethical dilemma that families and healthcare workers face.  For family, feeding is a source of showing love and affection to loved ones and it is distressing for them to see their loved one die painfully with hunger and thirst. Therefore, healthcare workers need to counsel families regarding the benefits and drawbacks of artificial nutrition toward the end of life. The family must be taught about alternative means of comfort for patients like mouth care, offering back massage, or moistening lips to interact with patients during end-of-life.
Pengaturan Kepemilikan Hak Atas Tanah bagi Yayasan Penyelenggara Pendidikan
Authors: Idris Vidiya Indriani , Santoso Budi
Published: September 2023

The phenomenon of HM foundation’s land rights ownership occur amongst peoples in society as the result of administrative ignorance which has received less attention from the majority of foundations as a legal entities. This can cause various problems if the Foundation does not immediately conveying the rights of the land. This study aims to find legal certainty in obtaining land rights for the Educational Organizing Foundation (YAU) and the implementation of land grants belonging to foundations on behalf of individuals when the parties whose names are attached to the certificate is die and the heirs concerned are abroad. This study use qualitative research methods based on empirical juridical research types. The results of the study show that the acquisition of land rights for YAU as a legal entity that cannot have HM land rights over its land, the arrangement for obtaining the land rights will apply like an ordinary legal entity which can only have land rights in the form of HGB, HGU, and usage rights. The transfer of YAU's land rights was carried out based on PP No. 40 of 1996. The implementation of land grants belonging to foundations on behalf of individuals is carried out on a legal and strong basis for foundations to obtain juridical rights to their land through a statement letter from the heirs. The transition through land grants was chosen to implementing arrangements for the acquisition of foundation assets that have been regulated in UUY.

 

Banyak ditemuinya status kepemillikan HM atas tanah yayasan di masyarakat menjadi persoalan ketidak tertiban administrasi yang kurang diperhatikan oleh berbagai yayasan sebagai badan hukum. Hal ini dapat menimbulkan berbagai problema bila yayasan tidak segera membalik nama tanah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan kepastian hukum dalam perolehan hak atas tanah Yayasan Penyelenggara Pendidikan (YAU) dan pelaksanaan hibah tanah milik yayasan yang diatasnamakan perorangan ketika pihak yang namanya melekat dalam sertifikat meninggal dunia serta ahli waris yang bersangkutan berada di luar negeri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang didasarkan pada jenis penelitian yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perolehan hak atas tanah bagi YAU sebagai badan hukum yang tidak dapat memiliki status HM atas tanahnya maka pengaturan perolehan hak atas tanahnya akan berlaku seperti badan hukum biasa yang hanya dapat memiliki hak atas tanah berupa HGB, HGU, dan Hak Pakai. Peralihan hak atas tanah YAU dilakukan berdasarkan PP No. 40 Tahun 1996. Pelaksanaan hibah tanah milik yayasan yang diatasnamakan perorangan ini dilakukan dengan dasar yang sah dan kuat bagi yayasan untuk memperoleh hak yuridis atas tanahnya melalui surat pernyataan dari para ahli waris. Peralihan melalui hibah tanah dipilih untuk tetap mengimplementasikan pengaturan perolehan aset kekayaan yayasan yang telah diatur dalam UUY.

 

 

 
Akibat Hukum Atas Pembuatan Akta Jual Beli Yang Tidak Dibacakan oleh Notaris/PPAT Dihadapan Para Pihak
Authors: Alia Amalia , Ayu Musyafah Aisyah
Published: September 2023

This study aims to explore and assess the legal effects resulting from the execution of the sale and purchase deed that has been made by a Notary/PPAT but is not read out in front of the parties concerned. The research used by the researcher is a research that has a descriptive nature based on several literature sources such as books, research results, journals and research articles. In this study, it is explained that the Notary/PPAT has the responsibility to read out the results of the deed that he has made before the parties. The result is the degradation of the value ofThe Notary/PPAT plays a vital role in confirming the authenticity of the deed of sale and purchase. Formally, a deed whose contents are not read out to related parties, this deed will be equated with an underhand deed. The deed's validity in relation to the sale and purchase content is intact, but it is important to consider other relevant factors, if it is seen from the authenticity value, this deed is flawed and degraded. Therefore, the Notary/PPAT who commits this mistake will be given a sanction in accordance with the applicable code of ethics for the violations and omissions he has committed.

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melakukan pengkajian serta analisa akibat hukum dari akta jual beli yang telah disusun oleh Notaris/PPAT akan tetapi tidak dibacakan didepan para pihak yang bersangkutan. Riset yang eipakai oleh penulisan ini ialah riset yang memiliki karakter deskripftif yang berlandaskan atas sejumlah sumber literatur semacam buku, hasil riset, jurnal dan artikel riset. Dalam riset ini diberi penjelasan bahwa Notaris/PPAT mempunyai tanggung jawab untuk membacakan hasil dari akta yang telah dibuatnya dihadapan pada pihak. Akibat yang ditimbulkan adalah terdegradasinya nilai dari keontetikan dari akta jual beli yang telah disusun oleh Notaris/PPAT. Melalui cara formal, sebuah akta yang tidak dibacakan isisnya kepada pihak terkait, akta ini akan disamakan dengan akta dibawah tangan. Meskipun akta yang dibuat ini tetap sah secara isi jual beli namun jika dilihat dari nilai keontentikannya akta ini sudah cacat dan terdegradasi. Oleh karena itu Notaris/PPAT yang melakukan kesalahan ini akan diberikan sanksi sesuai dengan kode etik yang berlaku atas pelanggaran dan kelalaian yang dilakukannya.

 

 

 

 

 
Eksistensi Koin Kripto Sebagai Alat Pembayaran dan Keamanan Penyimpanannya dalam E-Wallet
Authors: Salsabila Raddine , Gultom Elisatris , Sudaryat Sudaryat
Published: September 2023

With reference to the Civil Code and the type of legal protection available to holders of local e-wallets that store cryptocurrency, this paper examines the legality of trading transactions involving digital currency, in this case crypto coins, as a form of payment. The urgency of this study is the occurrence of a legal vacuum (rechtsvacuum) of the existence of crypto coins that creates legal uncertainty. Normative juridical is the research method used in this study. The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the discussion is that trade transactions using crypto coins as a means of payment in terms of the Civil Code are not prohibited if they are related to Article 1320 jo 1541 of the Civil Code, payments using crypto coins can be equated with legal exchange relationships. This form of legal protection for crypto coin users can be preventive and repressive. Preventive is carried out through consistent regulation. Repressively, now BAPPEBTI as a supervisor can provide administrative sanctions, in the form of warnings to license revocation for companies that organize e-wallets.

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keabsahan transaksi perdagangan menggunakan koin kripto sebagai alat pembayaran, ditinjau dari Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata dan bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap pengguna koin kripto yang tersimpan dalam e-wallet lokal. Urgensi dari penelitian ini adalah terjadinya kekosongan hukum (rechtsvacuum) keberadaan koin kripto yang menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum. Dalam penyusunan artikel ini digunakan metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif yang dilakukan melalui penelaahan bahan pustaka sebagai bahan dasarnya. Dari hasil pembahasan dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa Transaksi perdagangan yang menggunakan koin kripto sebagai alat pembayaran ditinjau dari Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata bukan sesuatu hal yang dilarang, jika dikaitkan dengan Pasal 1320 jo 1541 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata, maka pembayaran melalui penggunaan koin kripto dapat dipersamakan dengan hubungan hukum tukar-menukar. Bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi pengguna koin kripto dapat  dilakukan secara preventif dan represif. Secara preventif dilakukan melalui regulasi yang konsisten. Secara represif, sekarang ini BAPPEBTI sebagai pengawas dapat memberikan sanksi administratif, berupa peringatan hingga pencabutan izin bagi perusahaan yang menyelenggarakan e-wallet.

 

 
Penegakan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Anak Pelaku Kejahatan Klitih
Authors: Azzizah Khoerina , Harefa Beniharmoni
Published: September 2023

This research aims to examine the urgency of providing diversion in criminal law enforcement against juvenile perpetrators of klitih crimes. Klitih, which leads to violence or even murder, can involve a child in legal processes. Involving a child in the criminal justice system can neglect the child's rights in terms of their physical, mental, and social well-being. Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System was established to achieve restorative justice and protect the interests of children. The provision of diversion for juvenile offenders is a form of restorative justice. The effective implementation of diversion relies not only on law enforcement agencies but also on the responsibility of parents in supervising and guiding their children who have been involved in criminal activities. The research method used in this study is normative juridical with a legislative approach, supported by comparative approaches and primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources. The results of this research indicate that the provision of diversion with the return of the child to their parents needs to be emphasized in terms of accountability to prevent tolerance and recurrence of crimes.

Penelitian ini mengkaji mengenai urgensi pemberian diversi dalam penegakan hukum pidana terhadap anak pelaku kejahatan klitih. Klitih yang menyebabkan kekerasan atau bahkan pembunuhan bisa menyebabkan seorang anak terlibat proses hukum. Melibatkan anak dalam sistem peradilan pidana dapat mengabaikan hak-hak anak baik dari fisik, mental, maupun sosialnya. Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak dibentuk untuk mewujudkan keadilan restoratif untuk melindungi kepentingan anak. Adanya pemberian diversi bagi anak pelaku kejahatan merupakan bentuk dari keadilan restoratif. Pemberlakuan diversi yang efektif tidak hanya mengandalkan aparat penegak hukum saja, namun faktor utama dari keberhasilan pemberian diversi bagi anak pelaku tindak kejahatan klitih adalah pertanggungjawaban dari orang tua terhadap pengawasan, pembinaan, dan pola asuh kepada anak-anaknya yang pernah terlibat kejahatan pidana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan komparatif yang didukung bahan hukum primer, sekunder, tersier. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini yang menunjukan bahwa pemberian diversi dengan pengembalian anak kepada orang tua perlu ditegaskan kembali pertanggungjawabannya agar tidak terjadi pembiaran dan pengulangan kejahatan.

  

 

 

 

 
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Pelaku Turut Serta Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan
Authors: Larasati Raden Roro Permata Dewi , Harefa Beniharmoni
Published: September 2023

This study is conducted with the purpose to find out the legal protection of child perpetrators who participate in the criminal persecution and the determination of the role of participation in the criminal persecution by AG (case study of persecution by child of employee in Directorate General of Taxes). This study is based on the legal protection of child in conflict with the law that is not well implemented. This study uses a juridicial normative legal method. The novelty in this study is to explain the legal protection of child as a participant in the criminal persecution. The findings produced in this study are that the SPPA Law regulates the legal protection of child, namely in Article 3, Article 79 paragraph (2), and Article 81 paragraph (6) of the SPPA Law. Based on these regulations, child who participate in the criminal persecution can be treated specially in the procedural law, receive different criminal penalties compared to adults, and get the fulfillment of child rights. In the case of persecution by child of employee in Directorate General of Taxes, the role of AG as a child who participated in the criminal persecution was correct, but the decision decided by the Judge was not appropriate. AG should be subject to the lex specialis principle of Article 76 C jo Article 80 paragraph (2) of the Child Protection Law.

 

 

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum terhadap anak pelaku turut serta tindak pidana penganiayaan dan penentuan peran turut serta tindak pidana penganiayaan oleh AG (studi kasus penganiayaan oleh anak pegawai Direktorat Jenderal Pajak). Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perlindungan hukum terhadap anak berkonflik dengan hukum yang belum terimplementasi dengan baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum yuridis normatif. Kebaharuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan mengenai perlindungan hukum terhadap anak sebagai pelaku turut serta tindak pidana penganiayaan. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah UU SPPA mengatur mengenai perlindungan hukum terhadap anak, yaitu pada Pasal 3, Pasal 79 ayat (2), dan Pasal 81 ayat (6) UU SPPA. Berdasarkan ketentuan tersebut, maka anak pelaku turut serta tindak pidana penganiayaan dalam menjalankan proses hukum dapat diperlakukan secara khusus pada hukum acara, menerima ancaman pidana yang berbeda apabila dibandingkan dengan orang dewasa, dan mendapatkan pemenuhan hak anak. Pada kasus penganiayaan oleh anak pegawai Direktorat Jenderal Pajak, peran AG sebagai anak pelaku turut serta tindak pidana penganiayaan sudah tepat, tetapi putusan yang diputuskan oleh Hakim dirasa kurang tepat. Seharusnya AG dapat dikenakan asas lex specialis Pasal 76 C jo Pasal 80 ayat (2) UU Perlindungan Anak.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 