bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multimodaalisuus 1. ja 4. luokan suomalaisissa matematiikan oppikirjoissa
Authors: Lehtonen Daranee
Published: December 2018

Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin 1. ja 4. luokan matematiikan oppikirjojen multimodaalista tekstiympäristöä eli moninaisten semioottisten resurssien käyttöä, joka on keskeistä matematiikan oppimisessa. Tavoitteena oli selvittää, 1) millaisia semioottisia resursseja oppikirjoissa on sekä luettavaksi annettuna (ts. tekstien tulkinnassa) että tehtäviksi annettuna (ts. tehtävien tekstien tuottamisessa), 2) miten niitä hyödynnetään merkitysten luomisessa ja 3) kuinka monipuolisesti semioottisia resursseja hyödynnetään oppikirjoissa. Tutkimuksen lähestymistapana on monimenetelmä (mixed-methods). Aluksi tarkastelin aineistojen diskurssia yleisellä tasolla soveltaen metafunktiota ja aikaisempia tutkimuksia. Sen jälkeen erittelin aineiston sisältöjä määrällisesti: onko kyseessä tekstien tulkinta vai tuottaminen ja mitä semioottisia resursseja käytetään. Lopuksi tarkastelin eriteltyjen aineistojen diskurssia. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että multimodaalisuuden näkökulmasta monipuolisia tekstiympäristöjä huomioidaan hyvin vähän tutkituissa oppikirjoissa. Matematiikan symbolikieli on selkeästi dominoiva erityisesti tekstien tuottamisessa. Kaikissa oppikirjoissa erilaisia semioottisia resursseja hyödynnetään enimmäkseen vain oppilaan luku- ja laskutaitojen perusteella sekä matematiikan opetettavien sisältöalueiden kannalta. Oppilaan monilukutaidon kannalta matematiikan oppikirjojen tekstiympäristö voisi olla monipuolisempi: oppilaalle voitaisiin tarjota enemmän multimodaalista luettavaa ja tuotettavaa.

In English

This study investigated first- and fourth-grade mathematics textbooks’ multimodal text environment. It aimed to discover 1) what semiotic resources are utilised for interpreting and producing texts, 2) how they are used for meaning-making and 3) how diversely. The inquiry strategy was mixed-methods. First, I analysed discourse of the research data generally using metafunction and previous research. Then, I quantified each semiotic resource’s distribution in terms of text interpretation and production and types of semiotic resources. Finally, I analysed discourse of each quantified data. Research findings demonstrate that from a multimodal perspective, diverse textual environment is barely paid attention to. The symbolic language is dominant, especially to text production. In all textbooks, semiotic resources are used mainly on the basis of student’s literacy and numeracy and to-be-leant mathematics contents. In favour of a student’s multiliteracies, mathematics textbooks’ text environment should be more diverse: offer more multimodal text interpretation and production.

FULL TEXT IN FINNISH.
The effects of cultivation area and altitude variation on the composition of fatty acids of Laurus nobilis L. berries in Nothern Turkey and Abkhazia
Authors: YILMAZ Bilge , DENİZ İlhan
Published: December 2018

The aim of the study was to determine and compare the
fatty acids contents of Laurel berries (Laurus
nobilis L.) grown in Trabzon, Bartın, Samsun and Abkhazia. Fleshy parts of
laurel berries and seeds were analyzed separately to reveal yields of fixed
oils. Three altitude ranges were determined for the study and samples were
collected from the ranges that can be found from these elevations. These were
(0-100m, 100-300m and 300-600m). Fleshy parts of laurel berries and seeds were
analyzed separately to reveal yields of fixed oils. Automatic extraction
technique was used for getting fixed oil and GC-FID device was used for
characterization and comparison of berry oil. The results showed that the fixed
oil yield of fleshy parts of berries ranged between 28.37% and 42.08%. The
highest amount of fixed oil yield in fleshy part was obtained in Bartın (0-100
m). The fixed oil in of seeds ranged between 16.26% and 22.81%. The highest
amount of fixed oil yield in seeds was obtained in Bartın (100-300 m).
According to GC-FID results, oleic acid (27.06 % - 48.93%) was the most
abundant fatty acid, lauric acid (0.49% -1.35 %) was the least abundant fatty
acid in the fleshy parts of bay fruits. In seeds, lauric acid was the most
common fatty acid (32.37%-44.49%) and arachidic acid (0.87%-1.17%) was the
least fatty acid. According to results, it is thus deduced that, the amount and
content of fixed is affected by cultivation area, altitude variation and the
parts of laurel berry
Desi Febriani 175100042P
Authors: Febriani Desi
Published: December 2018

Perlindungan hak kekayaan intelektual sangat penting bagi pembangunan yang sedang berlangsung di Indonesia. Hak atas kekayaan intelektual yang dilindungi di Indonesia bisa saja berupa merek, lisensi, hak cipta, paten maupun desain industri. Sedangkan Paten adalah hak khusus yang diberikan Negara kepada penemu atas hasil temuannya di bidang teknologi untuk selama waktu tertentu melaksanakan sendiri penemuannya tersebut untuk memberikan persetujuannya kepada orang lain untuk melakukannya(UU No. 6 tahun 1989).Di Indonesia, Undang-undang yang melindungi karya cipta adalah Undang-undang nomor 6 tahun 1982 tentang hak cipta, dan telah melalui beberapa perubahan dan telah diundangkan Undang-Undang yang terbaru yaitu Undang-Undang No. 19 Tahun 2002 tentang Hak Cipta yang mulai berlaku 12 (dua belas) bulan sejak diundangkan. Tidak hanya karya cipta, invensi di bidang teknologi (hak paten) dan kreasi tentang penggabungan antara unsur bentuk, warna, garis (desain produk industri) serta tanda yang digunakan untuk kegiatan perdagangan dan jasa (merek) juga perlu diakui dan dilindungi dibawah perlindungan hukum. Dengan kata lain Hak atas Kekayaan Intelektual (HAKI) perlu didokumentasikan agar kemungkinan dihasilkannya teknologi atau karya lainnya yang sama dapat dihindari atau dicegah.
PENGARUH PELANGGARAN HAK PATEN TERHADAP PENGGUNA SMARTPHONE
Authors: anggraini Kiki
Published: December 2018

AbstractPenelitian ini membahas beberapa kas us pertikaian pelanggaran hak paten dari dua vendor smartphone. Beberapa Negara Asia, Eropa dan Amerika s udah mulai membatas industribusi produk yang melanggar hak paten namun pembatasan belum terjadi di Indonesia. Oleh sebab itu penelitian utama dari makalah ini adalah mengenai pengaruh pelanggaran hak paten Smartphone terhadap pengguna Smartphone di Indones ia dengan memanfaatkan metode survey. Data responden yang diperoleh melalui proses pengujian reliabilitas , validitas, dan korelasi menggunakan software SPSS. Perhitungan yang dilakukan berdasarkan lima faktor yang diuji mempunyai dampak besar dalam penelitian ini.Definisi kata paten itu sendiri, konsep paten mendorong inventor untuk membuka pengetahuan demi kemajuan masyarakat dan sebagai gantinya, inventor mendapat hak eksklusif selama periode tertentu. Mengingat pemberian paten tidak mengatur siapa yang harus melakukan invensi yang dipatenkan, sistem paten tidak dianggap sebagai hak monopoli. Pemberian hak paten bersifat teritorial, yaitu, mengikat hanya dalam lokasi tertentu. Dengan demikian, untuk mendapatkan perlindungan paten di beberapa negara atau wilayah, seseorang harus mengajukan aplikasi paten di masing-masing negara atau wilayah tersebut.Kata Kunci : Hak paten,Smartphone,Pelanggaran
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PATEN DAN PENGETAHUAN TRADISIONAL
Authors: DESTANTO TRI
Published: December 2018

HUBUNGAN ANTARA PATEN DAN PENGETAHUAN TRADISIONAL
Microbiological examination of nonsterile Cannabis products
Authors: McKernan Kevin , Helbert Yvonne , Ebling Heather , Cox Adam , Kane Liam T. , Zhang Lei
Published: December 2018

Cannabis microbial testing presents unique challenges. Unlike food testing, cannabis testing has to consider various routes of administration beyond just oral administration. Cannabis flowers produce high concentrations of antimicrobial cannabinoids and terpenoids and thus represent a different matrix than traditional foods 1, 2. In 2018, it is estimated that 50% of cannabis is consumed via vaporizing or smoking oils and flowers while the other half is consumed in Marijuana Infused Products or MIPs. Transdermal patches, salves and suppositories all present unique microbial safety considerations. Since the most harmful cannabis microbes are endophytes (live in side the plant), culture based plating system fail to adequately survey the microbial risks. The pros and cons of DNA based methods and culture based methods are discussed.
Multifactor APT Approach towards Predicted Patterns of Long-term ASEAN Financial Market Integration
Authors: Siahaan Andysah Putera Utama , Rusiadi
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study is to obtain a predictive pattern of the integration of ASEAN financial markets with the Multifactor Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) approach. The specific target in this study is Analyzing the effectiveness of the Multifactor APT Model in forming a predictive pattern of financial market integration in Southeast Asian countries, both in the short, medium and long-term. Establish the fastest and most appropriate ASEAN country in predicting financial market integration in Southeast Asian countries, both in the short, medium and long-term. The hypothesis in this study is that the Multifactor APT model is useful in forming a predictive pattern of financial market integration in Southeast Asian countries. Indonesia is the fastest and appropriate ASEAN country to use in predicting the occurrence of financial market integration in Southeast Asian countries. The data analysis model used is Vector Autoregression (VAR), Impulse Response Function (IRF), Forecast Error Variance Decomposition (FEVD). The assumption test used is Stationarity Test, Cointegration Test, Lag Stability Test, VAR Structure and Determination of Optimal Lag Levels. The results of data analysis with VAR are expected to be able to form a pattern of predictions of effective financial market integration in ASEAN countries. Varian Decomposition results can determine which ASEAN countries are the fastest and most appropriate in predicting the occurrence of financial market integration in Southeast Asian countries, both in the short, medium and long-term.
How Antonin Scalia Punched Down
Authors: Shane Peter M.
Published: December 2018

The late Justice Antonin Scalia had undeniable impacts on U.S. jurisprudence and received wide praise across the ideological spectrum for his personal qualities. Nonetheless, the author’s assessment of Justice Scalia is more muted both because Scalia devoted his rhetorical skills to bad causes and at least sometimes treated less powerful people who disagreed with him—including law students—disrespectfully
Cybersecurity: Toward a Meaningful Policy Framework
Authors: Shane Peter M.
Published: December 2018

This critique of Karson K. Thompson’s note, "Not Like an Egyptian: Cybersecurity and the Internet Kill Switch Debate," argues that the U.S. lacks a framework of laws and regulations, "smart" or otherwise, that adequately incentivizes the parties with the greatest capacity to improve our cyber security to do so. It attributes the poor state of U.S. cyber policy to the "bewildering array of overlapping responsibilities" scattered among government offices and departments; the difficult imperative of sharing responsibility among military and civilian authorities; the fact that most of the networks (and the dependent critical infrastructures) that need protecting are in private hands; and the lack of public understanding of the kinds of regulation that are necessary or appropriate. The essay argues that meaningful progress towards an adequate legal framework depends on a broad national debate aimed at defining the public good with regard to cyber-security, and the inevitable trade-offs among security, privacy, productivity, economic growth, organizational flexibility, military effectiveness, government transparency, and accountability that must be confronted in making sensible cyber-security policy.
Internet Censorship in the United Kingdom: National Schemes and European Norms
Authors: McIntyre TJ
Published: December 2018

The United Kingdom (UK) has been at the vanguard of online censorship in democracies from the beginning of the modern internet. Since the mid-1990s the government has developed distinctive patterns of regulation – targeting intermediaries, using the bully pulpit to promote ‘voluntary’ self-regulation, and promoting automated censorship tools such as web blocking – which have been influential internationally but raise significant issues of legitimacy, transparency and accountability. This chapter examines this UK experience in light of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and EU law, arguing that in key regards current censorship practices fail to meet European standards.The chapter builds on the existing literature in two main ways. First, it assesses emerging censorship practices in the area of terrorist material and extreme pornography. Second, it considers how recent EU legislation and ECtHR case law might constrain the freedom of the UK government and force a move towards different models of censorship.The chapter starts by outlining the regulatory context. It then takes three case studies – Child Abuse Material (CAM), terrorist material, and pornography/extreme pornography under the Digital Economy Act 2017 – and traces how censorship has evolved from one context to the next. These systems are then evaluated against the standards set by European law and in particular Articles 6 and 10 ECHR, the Open Internet Regulation, and the Directives on Sexual Abuse of Children and on Combating Terrorism.
Women Faculty's Perceptions of Departmental Belonging Across Academic Disciplines
Authors: Olarsch Samantha
Published: December 2018

Women’s growing numerical representation in gender atypical careers, including the professoriate, has not necessarily meant that they are being accepted, included and integrated in these traditionally male-dominated spaces. This study explores female faculty members’ feelings of isolation within their department across academic disciplines. Drawing on the theory of tokenism, I hypothesize that women faculty members in STEM disciplines, which have been historically male-dominated, are more likely to express a lesser sense of belonging in their department, than women faculty members in the Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities. I analyzed data from a 2009 online survey administered to tenure-track and tenured faculty at two highly selective liberal arts colleges. After restricting my analysis to women, I controlled for women’s familial responsibilities as well as their position within the academic institution. Unlike previous research at universities, OLS regression analysis showed that women in STEM actually expressed a higher level of fitting in their department than those in other disciplines. Examining the two colleges separately revealed that this result only applied to women at the former men’s college, which had a long history of strong STEM departments. For women faculty at the former women’s college, whose historic strengths were in the Arts and Humanities rather than STEM, there was no statistically significant relationship between being in STEM and fitting in their department. Instead, women who indicated that they were married at the former women’s college expressed greater feelings of belonging than their unmarried female counterparts.
Gendered Socialization and Racism
Authors: Staier Kellianna
Published: December 2018

Does gender influence racial attitudes? I propose that the differences in men and women’s emotional processing as a result of gendered socialization have an effect on their attitudes towards improving the lives of Blacks. I performed a secondary analysis on 2016 survey responses from a subset of 533 White, American, English or Spanish-speaking, non-institutionalized adults who responded to the General Social Survey. Respondents were asked about their attitudes towards spending to improve the conditions of Blacks. I found no statistically significant relationship between self-identified sex and a respondent’s attitude towards spending to improve the conditions of Blacks. These findings do not support my hypothesis and are inconsistent with prior research done on this topic. I did, however, find a statistically significant relationship between respondents’ political views and their attitude towards spending to improve the conditions of Blacks. This indicates that we need a more nuanced understanding of the emotional effects of gendered socialization, as well as a more nuanced understanding of what intellectual processes are affected by gendered socialization and how.
Searching for Silver Linings in Foreign Grounds: Children of Immigrants and Their Quest to Post-Secondary Education
Authors: Mejia Ashley
Published: December 2018

In recent years there has been an increase of immigrants in the United States and upward mobility has become extremely challenging through secondary education. Higher education is deemed to be one of the most important factors associated with upward mobility and economic stability. While the achievement gap continues to widen, children of immigrants continue to struggle to assimilate and in gaining access to the white middle-class mainstream. Ultimately, the snowball effect of intergenerational low socioeconomic status rolls over on to the disadvantage immigrant children in the new generation. I propose that children of U.S. born parents have a greater educational attainment than children of immigrants. Using the 2016 General Social Survey (N= 1,899) ¬ this study investigates the relationship between parents’ place of birth and respondents’ educational attainment. At the bivariate level, children of immigrants attain fewer years of school. However, this relationship appears to be largely mediated by parental education. After controlling for sex, race, and perceived income at age 16, it was found that respondents' educational attainment is not greatly affected by parents' birthplace but by parents’ years of education completed. Guided by insights from Bourdieu’s theory of Habitus and straight-line assimilation theory, the findings show that education plays a major role in patterns related to the assimilation theory and the acquisition of the habitus. Respondents’ educational attainment is fundamentally driven by the systematic structures in society concerning parent’s education and status.
Does Halting Refugee Resettlement Reduce Crime? Evidence from the US Refugee Ban
Authors: Masterson Daniel , Yasenov Vasil
Published: December 2018

Many countries have reduced refugee admissions in recent years, in part due to fears that refugees and asylum seekers increase crime rates and pose a national security risk. Existing research presents ambiguous expectations about the consequences of refugee resettlement on crime. We leverage a natural experiment in the US, where an Executive Order by the president in January 2017 halted refugee resettlement. This policy change was sudden and significant -- it resulted in the lowest number of refugees resettled on US soil since 1977 and a 66% drop in resettlement from 2016 to 2017. In this letter we find that there is no discernible effect on county-level property or violent crime rates.
An Examination of the Attitudes towards Immigration across U.S. Demographic Groups
Authors: Yu Siyuan
Published: December 2018

What demographic backgrounds are associated with a person’s attitudes toward immigrants and immigration policies? Applying group threat theory and contact theory, I propose that race, age, education, political views, and religiosity all affect how people view immigration. To test the hypotheses, I analyze data from the 2014 General Social Survey, in which adults living in households in the United States are randomly selected and interviewed. A subset containing 1,022 respondents who answered every question relevant to this study is selected from the 2014 GSS. The univariate analysis shows that most Americans do not agree with the statement that immigrants undermine American culture, and that Americans are divided on whether the number of immigrants should be increased nowadays. The multivariate result indicates that education and political views are the most significant predictors of how one views immigrants and immigration policies, correspondingly, while race, age, and religiosity have no statistically significant relationships with either dependent variable. Statistical findings support the hypothesis that the more liberal a person is, the more likely the person is to agree that immigrants do not undermine American culture and to say that the number of immigrants nowadays should be increased. Contact theory is consistent with the result of this study. However, the findings also demonstrate that immigration is a complicated issue. This study is valuable in understanding the acceptance of immigrants across demographic groups. It also invites additional research on this important topic that will affect the future of the United States.
Challenging Conventional Paradigms in Applied Sports Biomechanics Research
Authors: Glazier Paul Stephen , Mehdizadeh Sina
Published: December 2018

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of, and highlights issues with, conventional paradigms in applied sports biomechanics research and comments on their capacity to optimise techniques of individual athletes. In empirical studies, group-based analyses often mask variability between athletes and only permit probabilistic ‘in general’ or ‘on average’ statements that may not be applicable to specific athletes. In individual-based analyses, performance parameters typically exhibit a small range and a flat response over iterative performance trials making establishing associations between performance parameters and the performance criterion problematic. In theoretical studies, computer simulation modelling putatively enables athlete-specific optimum techniques to be identified but, given each athlete’s unique intrinsic dynamics, it is far from certain that these optimum techniques will be attainable, particularly under the often-intense psychological pressures of competition, irrespective of the volume of practice undertaken. Sports biomechanists and coaching practitioners are advised to be more circumspect with regard to interpreting the results of applied sports biomechanics research and have greater awareness of their assumptions and limitations, as inappropriate interpretation of results may have adverse consequences for performance and injury.
Ectopic Pregnancy and its Risk Factors: A Case Control Study in Nepalese Women
Authors: Bhandari G. , Yadav K.K. , Shah R.
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy is a significant cause of maternal mortality and morbidity during the first trimester. The major risk factors for ectopic pregnancy include prior tubal infections, previous ectopic pregnancy, previous abortions, use of intrauterine contraceptive devices, contraception failure, tubal surgeries, infertility and use of artificial reproductive pregnancies. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different risk factors in the causation of ectopic pregnancies among women in the Nepalese setting.

Materials and methods: This was a case-control study conducted at Kathmandu Medical College comparing 39 cases of ectopic pregnancies with 39 controls consisting of intra-uterine pregnancies. The suspected cases were confirmed through clinical examination, trans-abdominal or trans-vaginal ultrasonography and serum β-hCG levels with further confirmation obtained after laparotomy / laparoscopy among cases who underwent surgery. The two study groups matched with age, gravidity and contraceptive uses were studied. History of previous abortions, previous ectopics and past abdomino-pelvic surgeries were also studied.

Results: There was statistically significant difference in the incidence of contraceptive failure among the two groups (p-value= 0.032) with women with such history having a relative risk of 1.667 with odds ratio of 3.400. The risk posed by previous abortions and previous ectopics wasn’t found significant (RR= 1.000 and 2.053 respectively). The history of past abdomino-pelvic surgeries also showed significant role in causation of ectopics (RR= 1.094).

Conclusion: Among different risk factors studied, the contraception usage was the most significant risk factors. Oral contraceptive pills was the most identified among the contraception used in cases of ectopic pregnancy.
The Effect of Pterygopalatine Fossa Block (PPFB) during Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) on Intraoperative Bleeding: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Paudel Deepak , Chettri S.T. , Shah S.P. , Shah B.P. , Manandhar S. , Mishra S.
Published: December 2018

Background: Bleeding is the frequent intraoperative complication in most of the surgeries and remains a challenge for the surgeons and anesthesiologists. Major blood loss during FESS is rare but even a small amount of bleeding disturbs the endoscopic surgery field, increases the likelihood of complications, lengthens the time of surgery and results in incomplete surgery. The greater palatine canal (GPC) local injection is used to limit posterior bleeding during sinus surgery.

Objective: To study the effect of pterygopalatine fossa block on intraoperative bleeding and operative field optimization during endoscopic sinus surgery.

Methods: Prospective double blind randomized control trial. Thirty six patients were recruited in the study who also acted as their own control. PPFB was done only on one side of the nostril and the side was randomized by the lottery; neither the patient nor the operating surgeons were aware of the laterality. Boezaart score was used to quantify the intra-operative blood loss.

Results: Blood loss between block group and non-block group was compared. Patients in block group had more stable hemodynamics with no fluctuations, better visibility of the surgical field and decreased blood loss as compared with non-block group.

Conclusion: Greater palatine fossa block is a useful adjunct in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery. It provided more stable hemodynamics, good operative conditions by lowering blood loss.
Factors Contributing to Kerosene Oil Poisoning in Children
Authors: Singh Arun Kumar , Gurung P.K.
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Kerosene has been identified as the most common cause of accidental poisoning around the world with majority occurring to either lower or middle income countries. Kerosene poisoning is identified as the fourth leading cause of injury related mortality in children with highest risk for acute poisoning occurring in child under five years of age.

Objectives: To identify common factors responsible for exposure to kerosene oil poisoning, its presenting features and outcomes in children.

Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted in Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Department, Mayo Hospital / King Edward Medical University Lahore, Pakistan from March to September 2015.

Sixty children between the ages of 6 months to 10 years with history of kerosene oil ingestion/ poisoning were enrolled in the study. Information was obtained from guardians or parents.

Results: Sixty patients with history of kerosene poisoning were seen during the summer season. Age ranged from 6 months to 10 years. Most patients were from the ages 1 and 3 years and 75% were boys. Most children were from poor socioeconomic condition. The containers were soft drink bottles and plastic bottles; and kitchen and stairs were the common sites of storage. Clinical presentations were cough, vomiting and tachypnea. One child in study died after 8 hours secondary to respiratory complication.

Conclusion: Kerosene oil is a common health hazardous substance ingested accidentally by children. There is a need to create public awareness regarding kerosene oil storage and accessibility at home from the younger children.
Computerized Tomography of the Brain for Elderly Patients Presenting to the Emergency Room with Acute Confusion State in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Kumari Shakuntala , Rai B.K. , Bhandari R. , Gupta S.N. , Ahmed K.
Published: December 2018

Background: Acute confusion is a common reason for presentation of elderly patients to the emergency which may be of neurological or non-neurological origin. Computerized tomography (CT) scans are often routinely ordered to investigate the cause.

Objective: To determine the usefulness of CT scan brain in confused elderly patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in emergency room (ER) of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences over a period of 6 months in 84 patients above the age of 65 years who had CT scan brain done in view of acute confusion. They were reviewed for symptoms, indications of CT scan and presence of focal neurological deficits (FND).

Results: Among patients presenting in confusion and with loss of consciousness or limb weakness, CT scan was abnormal in 90% and 92% cases respectively (p <0.05) whereas those presenting with fever, cough, headache, dizziness, seizure in confusion also had abnormal CT but was statistically not significant (p> 0.05). Out of 84 elderly cases of acute confusion, 52 had FND and the remaining 32 cases were without FND. Among those with FND, 40% and 46% cases had features of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke respectively. Among the 32 without FND, 66% patients had normal scan and 38% had cerebral atrophy. In patients with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) < 9 with FND, 75% had CT scan suggestive of hemorrhagic stroke whereas those with GCS> 13 with FND, 57% and 29% cases had ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke respectively.

Conclusion: CT scan brain for confused elderly should be advised for those with focal neurological symptoms and may be suggested in cases of head trauma or alleged history of fall irrespective of GCS and symptomatology.
Pantoprazole Induced Thrombocytopenia: a Case report
Authors: Mishra Deebya Raj , Dahal K. , Gupta P.P.
Published: December 2018

Proton Pump Inhibitors serve as the cornerstone of management of Upper Gastrointestinal bleeding. In Nepal, intravenous Pantoprazole is widely used. One of the rare complications of intravenous Pantoprazole is thrombocytopenia which may lead to paradoxical increase in bleeding possibility. Here, we present a 70 year old gentleman who presented with hematemesis and melena and was treated with IV Pantoprazole. The Platelet count started decreasing from the third day onwards following which the patient was switched to Rabeprazole on the fourth day. Platelet count subsequently normalized. Thus, drug induced thrombocytopenia is one of the rare complications that has to be kept in mind with the use of Pantoprazole.
A ADOÇÃO DOS IFRS E A EVASÃO FISCAL DAS EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Schuh Clari , Simon Davi , Macagnan Clea Beatriz , Simon Mariana Lanner de Araujo
Published: December 2018

O processo de convergência das normas contábeis aos padrões internacionais dos IFRS no Brasil causou mudanças na mensuração do resultado contábil, ponto de partida para a apuração dos tributos incidentes sobre o lucro. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar se a adoção das normas formais estabelecidas pelos IFRS impactou na tributação efetiva sobre os lucros de companhias listadas na B3. Com uma amostra de 44 empresas, período de 2007 a 2014, totalizaram 352 observações. Desenvolveu-se analise de regressão linear múltipla, com dados em painel, com efeitos fixos. Os dados analisados foram coletados no banco de dados Thomson One Banker. Os resultados desta pesquisa permitem inferir que o tamanho e a rentabilidade do ativo (ROA) estão negativamente relacionadas a alíquota efetiva de tributação: effective tax rate (ETR). O que sugere que quanto maior é a companhia, maior sua capacidade de planejamento fiscal e de adoção às práticas contábeis que reduzem a sua ETR. Em contrapartida, a intensidade de estoque apresentou relação positiva com a ETR. A adoção dos IFRS demonstrou uma relação negativa e significativa com a ETR. Estes resultados sugerem que, considerando a amostra analisada, a adoção dos IFRS contribuiu para uma diminuição na tributação efetiva no Brasil.
Étude clinique randomisée sur la prévention des douleurs chroniques postchirurgicales dans les prothèses totales de genou
Authors: Leroy B. , Louis F. , Niesten C. , Verheecke T.
Published: December 2018

Les prothèses totales de genou donnent 20 % de douleurs chroniques postchirurgicales. Cette étude clinique randomisée et contrôlée a pour but de déterminer si une prise en charge de trois séances à une semaine d’intervalle, axée sur les facteurs psychosociaux et l’alimentation (groupe traité), diminue la fréquence de la douleur modérée à sévère perçue quatre mois après l’intervention par rapport à l’absence d’une telle prise en charge (groupe témoin). Une évaluation verbale numérique (téléphonique) après quatre mois montre une douleur modérée à sévère significativement plus faible dans le groupe traité.
La recherche publique sur la douleur en France : état des lieux, propositions
Authors: Eschalier A.
Published: December 2018

La recherche française sur la douleur a acquis un positionnement conséquent en Europe. Pourtant, elle ne bénéficie que de façon limitée des financements publics sur projets. Il est donc nécessaire qu’elle obtienne des soutiens plus conséquents tout en s’organisant pour tirer un meilleur profit de ses structures de soins, mieux coordonner ses actions, favoriser l’interdisciplinarité et accroître son attractivité et sa visibilité. Des propositions sont formulées en ce sens.
Prise en charge non pharmacologique de la douleur procédurale des nouveau-nés prématurés : quelles interventions ?
Authors: De Clifford-Faugère G. , Lavallée A. , Aita M.
Published: December 2018

Les nouveau-nés prématurés ressentent la douleur et sont soumis à de nombreuses procédures douloureuses au cours de leur hospitalisation en service de néonatologie. La douleur non soulagée et répétée peut entraîner des répercussions importantes pour leurs développements intellectuel et moteur. Il est donc essentiel de soulager leur douleur. Cet article a pour but de faire l’état des connaissances actuelles sur les interventions non pharmacologiques de prise en charge de la douleur procédurale chez les nouveau-nés.
Identité, douleur aiguë, traumatisme : repères théoricocliniques
Authors: Minjard R. , Duplan B.
Published: December 2018

Les auteurs de cet article proposent un regard croisé de rhumatologue, d’algologue et de psychologue au sujet de la potentialité traumatique de la douleur aiguë. Cette perspective permet, en appui sur la définition de la conjoncture traumatique, de mettre en évidence les liens entre douleur aiguë et vacillement identitaire, ouvrant une voie potentielle à la douleur chronique. L’article porte sur l’articulation entre la douleur aiguë et l’identité abordée comme un processus vivant et dynamique marqué par la réflexivité, la continuité, l’altérité et la paradoxalité. Il ouvre sur une proposition de voies de recherches sur le plan psychopathologique, clinique, épistémologique, thérapeutique et sur un questionnement au sujet de notre manière d’interroger nos pratiques soignantes.
Kakvoća crnih vina (V. vinifera L.) dozrijevanih u bačvama od slavonske hrastovine
Authors: Jeromel Ana , Orbanić Fumica , Tomaz Ivana , Andabaka Željko , Jagatić Korenika Ana-Marija
Published: December 2018

Utjecaj srednje i jako paljenih bačava (225 L) od slavonske hrstovine na kakvoću crnih vina praćen je tijekom 9 mjeseci dozrijevanja. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi razlike u kemijskom sastavu i senzornim svojstvima vina ´Cabernet Sauvignon´, ´Merlot´ i ´Petit Verdot´. Promjene u kemijskom sastavu vina praćene su metodom plinska kromatografija-masena spektrometrija (GC-MS) temeljem uzorkovanja vina svakih 3 mjeseca. Utvrđen je različiti intenzitet ekstrakcije polifenolnih spojeva, ovisno o jačini paljenja bačava koji je najviše utjecao na koncentracije eugenola, gvajakola, vanilina te cis i trans-hrastovog laktona. Na koncentracije ostalih laktona (γ-heksalakton, γ-nonalakton, γ-dekalakton) veći utjecaj je imala sorta u odnosu na jačinu paljena i vrijeme dozrijevanja. Ekstrakcija hlapivih spojeva iz drva bila je različita među ispitivanim vinima pri čemu je u vinu ´Cabernet Sauvignon´ bila najintenzivnija. Razlike su utvrđene i u koncentracijama hlapivih fenola. Tako su vina ´Petit Verdot´ imala najnižu koncentraciju etil-fenola i etilgvajakola dok je veća koncentracija zabilježena u vinima ´Cabernet Sauvignon´ neovisno o jačini paljenja. Prema rezultatima senzornog ocjenjivanja bolja su vina dozrijevana u srednje paljenim bačvama u odnosu na ona iz jako paljenih, pri čemu je ukupno najbolje ocijenjeno vino sorte ´Merlot´.
Utjecaj vermikompostnog čaja na pojavu plamenjače rajčice
Authors: Mlatković Matea , Ćosić Jasenka , Brmež Mirjana , Puškarić Josipa , Vrandečić Karolina
Published: December 2018

Ekološki uzgoj povrća temelji se na zaštiti i ishrani biljaka organskim preparatima. Rajčica je jedna od najvažnijih uzgajanih povrtnica na našem području. Za ovo istraživanje rajčica je posađena na otovorenom, praćen je razvoj Phytophthora infestans te je utvrđen utjecaj vermikompostnog čaja na intenzitet bolesti, broj i masu plodova. U pokusu su ispitani tretmani: tretiranje rajčice vermikompostnim čajem zalijevanjem tla (Vz), zalijevanje tla i prskanje nadzemnog dijela biljke (Vz+Vp), tretiranje fungicidom Penncozeb 75 DG (F) i kontrola (K) bez primjene vermikompostnog čaja ili fungicida. Plamenjača se javila u slabijem intenzitetu, a indeks bolesti kretao se od 0,04 (Vz+Vp) do 0,08 u kontroli (K). Najveći prosječan broj plodova utvrđen je u tretmanu Vz+Vp, a statistički najmanji u kontroli (K). Tretman Vz+Vp pokazuje i statistički najbolji utjecaj na masu plodova, zatim ga slijede tretmani Vz i F, što potvrđuje pozitivan utjecan vermikompostnog čaja u odnosu na netretiranu rajčicu.
Tendencije proizvodnje kukuruza u svijetu, Hrvatskoj i Sloveniji
Authors: Zrakić Magdalena , Hadelan Lari , Prišenk Jernej , Levak Vladimir , Grgić Ivo
Published: December 2018

Uz rižu i pšenicu kukuruz je najznačajnija poljoprivredna kultura koja na svjetskoj razini osigurava trećinu energetskih potreba u stočarskoj proizvodnji. Osim u stočarstvu primjenjuje se i u ljudskoj ishrani kao i u proizvodnji različitih industrijskih proizvoda. Proteklih desetak godina odvijale su se značajne oscilacije cijena kukuruza uvjetovane ne samo njegovom proizvodnjom već i načinom korištenja. Najviše cijene kukuruza u proteklih desetak godina ostvarene su 2012. godine kada je njegova prosječna cijena bila gotovo 300 USD po toni. Unatoč projiciranom smanjenju površina pod kukuruzom do 2020. godina za 10%, predviđa se 6,7%-tno povećanje njegove proizvodnje kao posljedica rasta prinosa s danas prosječnih 5,6 t ha-1. U Hrvatskoj i Sloveniji kukuruz je, prema zasijanim površinama vodeća kultura, s prosječnim prinosima iznad svjetskog prosjeka. U analiziranom desetogodišnjem razdoblju prosječna proizvođačka cijena u Sloveniji 11 USD po toni viša je u odnosu na usporednu vrijednost u Hrvatskoj.
Važniji štetnici golobrsta na području Hercegovine
Authors: Rotim Nino
Published: December 2018

Gusjenice mnogih leptira predstavljaju značajne štetnike različitih voćnih vrsta. Neke od njih, poput gusjenica gubara i zlatokraja u godinama masovnije pojave izazivaju golobrst voćaka. Kao posljedica napada dolazi do fiziološkog iscrpljivanja stabala, slabijeg formiranja rodnih pupova i što je najvažnije smanjenja rodnosti. Iscrpljena voćna stabla podložnija su napadu sekundarnih štetnika kao i posljedicama smrzavanja zbog čega može doći do njihovog potpunog propadanja i sušenja. Sušenje stabala, kao posljedica napada gubara i zlatokraja, zabilježeno je više puta u zadnjih nekoliko desetljeća pošto je riječ o štetnicima koji su redovito prisutni u našim listopadnim šumama i niskom raslinju. Poteškoće sa štetnicima golobrsta javljaju se isključivo u godinama njihove masovne pojave kada izazivaju ekonomski značajne štete u voćarstvu i šumarstvu.
Čimbenici isplativosti sustava navodnjavanja
Authors: Hadelan Lari , Očić Vesna , Crnčan Ana
Published: December 2018

Hrvatska je jedna od europskih zemalja s najmanjim udjelom navodnjavanih poljoprivrednih površina što je nespojivo s njezinim klimatskim i proizvodnim značajkama. S udjelom od 2% navodnjavanih površina Hrvatska zaostaje desetak i više puta od usporedivih mediteranskih zemalja. Unatoč tome, zbog visokih investicijskih troškova koji su u Nacionalnom projektu navodnjavanja procijenjeni na 9.000 Eura po ha projektnog područja, uvođenje sustava navodnjavanja potrebno je planirati racionalno kako bi se izbjegli nepovoljni ekonomski i financijski učinci. Cilj rada je opisati neke od najvažnijih čimbenika isplativosti sustava navodnjavanja koji bi trebali biti uvaženi prilikom odluke o izgradnji sustava navodnjavanja na nekom području. Osnovni preduvjeti isplativosti ovakvih projekata su odabir lokacije na kojoj su utvrđeni realni rizici od suša, u kojoj je u strukturi biljne proizvodnje značajna zastupljenost povrća i voćnih vrsta te na kojoj su moguća tehnološka rješenja koja osiguravaju povoljnu cijenu za poljoprivrednike.
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY TEST IN Melanoxylon brauna SCHOTT. SEEDS (FABACEAE-CAESALPINIOIDEAE)
Authors: Ataíde Glauciana da Mata , Borges Eduardo Euclydes de Lima , Flores Andressa Vasconcelos
Published: December 2018

The electrical conductivity test is a simple and rapid method for evaluating seed vigor. The aim of the present study was to optimize the electrical conductivity test for assessing the vigor of Melanoxylon brauna seeds by investigating the effects of seed number (25, 50, or 75), water volume (25, 50, or 75 mL), and soaking duration (24, 48, or 72 h). The seeds belonged to two lots (I and II) that were collected in 2010 and 2012, respectively, and were incubated in a germination chamber at 25 ºC. Electrical conductivity was determined using a conductivity meter Micronal model B220. The Lot II seeds performed better, in terms of vigor and germination, than the Lot I seeds, regardless of other parameters. In addition, electrical conductivity decreased with increasing water volume and soaking duration, regardless of seed lot. In order to most effectively evaluate the physiological quality of M. brauna seed lots, the electrical conductivity test should be performed using 50 seeds, 50 mL of water, and a 48-h soaking period.
The destructive and anti-religious nature of the anti-sectarian movement in the post-Soviet space
Authors: Maltsev Oleg
Published: December 2018

The key object of analysis in this article is the "anti-sectarian movement". Before we consider the essence of its destructiveness and antireligiousness, we will define a conceptual apparatus that will be used by us.
PHILOSOPHICAL AND INTERDISCIPLINARY ASPECTS OF THE SCHOOL COURSE OF INFORMATICS
Authors: Lisin D. V.
Published: December 2018

The potential of the school course of informatics in the aspect of achieving the set of personal and metasubject learning outcomes in elementary school is considered. It is shown that the school course of informatics has a signifcant philosophical, ideological and metasubject potential.
Clasificación de problemas de matemáticas enfocada al desarrollo de la creatividad
Authors: García-Cruz María Antonia , Falcón-Rodríguez Carlos Manuel
Published: December 2018

Este trabajo ofrece una metodología novedosa para la clasificación de los problemas matemáticos que se usan en la enseñanza preuniversitaria. La clasificación se hace atendiendo  a lo que hemos definido como espectro de relaciones funcionales de un problema. Con este método logramos precisar la importancia del problema en el desarrollo de la inteligencia lógico-matemática de los estudiantes. En el trabajo se abordan diferentes aspectos del proceso de enseñanza bajo la luz de un nuevo enfoque. Por ejemplo, se discute el desarrollo de la creatividad, con dos clases de creatividad lógico-matemática diferentes; la racionalización del aprendizaje basado en problemas, la identificación de competencias matemáticas y la desmitificación de la creatividad matemática, que es quizás, el aspecto más importante de nuestro trabajo.
Revisión teórica de los modelos de orientación educativa
Authors: González-Benito Ana
Published: December 2018

El propósito de este trabajo es sistematizar los modelos de orientación educativa mediante el análisis de la literatura de investigación existente en esta temática profundizando en las características, ventajas y limitaciones de cada uno de ellos. Los modelos son los marcos de referencia que nos guían al elaborar los planes de actuación de la acción orientadora. En el artículo se presenta una conceptualización de modelo de orientación educativa y se definen las diversas tipologías en función de diferentes parámetros  centrándonos en los modelos de intervención en la práctica orientadora como el modelo clínico, de programas, de servicios actuando por programas, de consulta  y tecnológico. La síntesis de los modelos propuesta puede servir a los profesionales educativos para orientarles en el tipo de intervención que quieren llevar a cabo en el ejercicio de su labor orientadora.
El modelo discursivo en la escritura a través del currículo
Authors: Adoumieh Nour
Published: December 2018

La educación universitaria exige que el estudiante esté interactuando con el discurso escrito. Dichas prácticas requieren de un conocimiento que va más allá del código. Existen convenciones lingüísticas y sociales  en cada comunidad discursiva, por lo tanto los discentes requieren recibir formación y reflexionar sobre el proceso escritural desde modelos pedagógicos. El propósito de este artículo es ofrecer la construcción teórica del modelo discursivo en la escritura a través del currículo a fin de fomentar la función epistémica en el marco de las disciplinas, dado que la escritura ocupa un protagonismo determinante en todo contexto educativo, tanto para producir conocimiento como para demostrarlo. Algunas de las bases teóricas que sostienen este estudio son Morin (1996), Apple (2000) Van Dijk (2003). Álvarez Angulo  y Ramírez Bravo (2006), entre otros. En este sentido, se realiza un abordaje teórico desde las distintas acepciones de modelo y de discurso a fin de delimitar la naturaleza del constructo desarrollado. Luego, se presenta el modelo con su descripción y por último, los elementos que lo caracterizan: proceso de construcción discursiva, periferia de la competencia organizacional retórica, procesos cognitivos y acción educativa.
Yerel Halkın Turizmin Etkilerine Yönelik Algısı: İzmir İli Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Authors: Işık Cem , Turan Barış
Published: December 2018

Turizm, bir bölgenin
ekonomik açıdan gelişmesi için önemli bir unsurdur. Fakat turizm bir yandan
gelişmeye katkıda bulunurken, diğer yandan o yeri ekonomik, çevresel ve
sosyo-kültürel yönden olumlu ve olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu etkilere en
çok maruz kalan ise o bölgede yaşayan yerel halktır. Bu nedenle yerel halkın
turizme bakışı ve turizmi nasıl algıladığı önem arz etmektedir. Yerel halkın
istek, ihtiyaç ve beklentilerini bilmek o bölgenin turizm planlayıcıları için
önemli ve gereklidir. Yerel halkı yakından tanımanın bir yolu da farklı
bireysel özelliklere sahip olan bireylerin turizmi nasıl algıladıklarının
tespit edilmesidir. Bu çalışmada yerel halkın turizm etkilerine yönelik algısı
ile demografik özellikleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı
doğrultusunda İzmir il merkezinde ikamet eden 410 kişiden oluşan örneklem
grubuna anket uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 21.0 paket programı
yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Yerel halkın turizm etkilerine yönelik algısı ile
demografik özellikleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olup olmadığı test
edilmiştir. Testler sonucunda turizm etkilerine yönelik algı ile cinsiyet, yaş,
medeni durum ve eğitim durumu değişkenleri arasında anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir.