bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Riebalinio audinio pasiskirstymo ultragarsinio tyrimo metodikos: sisteminė literatūros apžvalga
Authors: Buckus Bronius , Brimas Gintautas , Brimas Gintautas
Published: December 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Įvadas / tikslas

Apžvelgti poodinio ir visceralinio riebalinio audinio matavimams naudojamas ultragarsines metodikas ir nustatyti metodiką, tinkamiausią nutukusiems ligoniams.

Metodai

Publikacijų paieška atlikta naudojantis „PubMed“, „Current Contents“ ir „Cochrane Library“ duomenų bazėmis. Į sisteminę apžvalgą įtrauktos visos iki 2017 m. gruodžio 1 d. paskelbtos publikacijos, kuriose ultragarsiniai riebalinio audinio matavimai lyginti su kompiuterinės tomografijos ar magnetinio rezonanso tyrimų duomenimis.

Rezultatai

Į sisteminę apžvalgą įtraukta 17 studijų, kuriose nagrinėjami ultragarsinių riebalinio audinio matavimų duomenys. Šiose studijose ištirti 1 085 ligoniai. Studijose, lyginančiose įvairių autorių ultragarsinio tyrimo ir kompiuterinės tomografijos ar magnetinio rezonanso tyrimo metu išmatuoto riebalinio audinio pasiskirstymą, nustatytas visceralinio riebalinio audinio rodiklių koreliacijos koeficientas siekė nuo 0,63 iki 0,94, poodinio riebalinio audinio rodiklių – nuo 0,33 iki 0,96. Šešiose studijose išskirtos nutukusių ar morbidiniu nutukimu sergančių asmenų grupės (KMI ≥30 kg/m2). Tiriant nutukusius asmenis, geriausių rezultatų pasiekta naudojant modifikuotą R. P. Stolk’o metodiką. Visceralinio riebalinio audinio rodiklių koreliacijos koeficientas tarp kompiuterinės tomografijos ir ultragarso siekė 0,823, poodinio riebalinio audinio – 0,745, o, tiriant morbidiniu nutukimu sergančius ligonius, tyrimų patikimumo rodikliai siekė 0,94.

Išvados

Ultragarsinis tyrimas yra pigus, neinvazyvus, prieinamas ir kartotinis tyrimo metodas. Šį metodą taikant riebalinio audinio pasiskirstymui matuoti, galima atlikti didelės apimties populiacijos tyrimus. Nutukimu sergančių ligonių riebalinio audinio pasiskirstymui matuoti rekomenduojama ultragarsinė, modifikuota R. P. Stolk’o metodika.
Kualitas Pengasuhan Anak dan Celah Kekerasan di Panti Sosial Asuhan Anak: Studi Kasus di PSAA Darul Aitam Nahdlatul Wathan, Kabupaten Lombok Timur Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Fuaida Lisma Dyawati
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a research ﬁ ndings about the picture of children in the “panti” (childcare institutions). The phenomenon of many children who live in the “panti” are still have complete parents who still live at home. This is a picture of the large number of childcare institutions in Indonesia, both organized by community and by religious organizations. This research aimed to explain the detail assessment of the quality of child care in the Darul Aitam Nahdlatul Wathan, Lombok, in September 2006. The research method is qualitative by using 5 (ﬁ ve) aspects of quality of service as a conceptual framework: 1) professional practice, 2) personal care, 3) stafﬁ ng, 4) sources; 5) administration. The results showed that there are so many things should be addressed based on those aspects in childcare institution. Keywords: kekerasan anak, pengasuhan, panti sosial asuhan anak, hak anak.
Metode Fundraising Dana Zakat, Infak dan Sedekah pada Badan Amil Zakat Daerah (Bazda) Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: - Niamulloh
Published: December 2018

One of the important things in the institution of zakah is a method of fundraising, because raising money is the backbone of an organization. This research found that fundraising method of BAZDA Sukabumi to motivate donors through their programs in collecting zakah, donation, and charity from 2010 to 2011 undoubtedly increased the number of zakah, donation, and  charity to 20%,  which means that BAZDA Sukabumi has at least managed some potential zakat funds, donations, and charity in their own hometown. Keywords: fundraising, zakat, donations, and charity.
Teamwork Pengembangan Kemitraan (Studi Kasus Kelompok Kerja Pengembangan Kemitraan dalam Penangulangan Kemiskinan di Kota Bogor)
Authors: Lestari Rizki Bunga , Nulhaqim Soni Akhmad , Irfan Maulana
Published: December 2018

The title of this research is “Teamwork of Development Partnership (Case Study Development Partnership Teamwork of Poverty in Bogor)”. This research aims to describe the teamwork process conducted by the Working Group on Development Partnership include communication, compromise, cooperation, coordination, and consummation. Teamwork that made the Working Group in an effort to reduce poverty in Bogor. Researcher used a qualitative research approach with case study method, while the instruments used in data collection is interview, observation guidelines, and guidance documentation. The technique used an in-depth interviews, non-participatory observation, and literature study. Informants in this research is 11 people, they are 4 persons from SKPD, 2 persons from BUMD, 2 persons from BUMN, and 3 persons from private sector. The results of this research indicate that good teamwork is determined by communication, compromise, cooperation, coordination, and consummation. Communications flow into upward, downward, and horizontal, both formally and informally, through the medium of verbal and non-verbal communication. Compromises is used to resolve the differences that determined the best alternative. Cooperation as a form of cooperation through the participation of members in carrying out its duties and responsibilities. Coordination is used to integrate the goals and activities of the Working Group in order to direct, there is no overlap. Then, the consummation is used through improvements in poverty reduction activities in Bogor. Thus, the researchers suggest a training program “Team Building Training to Improve the Quality of Teamwork”. The purpose of this training is to raise awareness of Pokja members so that they understand the importance of teamwork that goes with effective and implement a strategy or technique in achieving teamwork, so that the Pokja was able to develop and implement effective teamwork in tackling poverty.Keywords: Human Service Organization, Teamwork, Komunikasi dan Kooperasi
Evaluasi Program Art Therapy Bagi Pasien Dual Diagnosis (NAPZA-Skizofrenia) di Rumah Sakit Ketergantungan Obat (RSKO) Jakarta
Authors: Ulfah Nurbani
Published: December 2018

The main problem drug users with psychiatric disorders is the difficulty of communicating the reason they use drugs and express their feelings on the condition of the Counselor or Social Worker (Therapist). The existence of the program of art therapy for patients with drug with psychiatric disorders (dual diagnosis) is part of psychotherapy as an adjunct therapy in the form of art to channel emotions, express their feelings when communicate verbally is difficult, and to express themselves freely in order to improve their condition in the direction better in recovering. In an effort to redress for victims of drug abuse, especially for people with dual diagnosis due to drug addiction, the Drug Dependency Hospital (RSKO) is a reference center for rehabilitation using the Therapeutic Community (TC) based hospitals that have programs therapies to restore health and capabilities in the field of art, one through the art therapy program.Keywords: Evaluasi Program, Art Therapy, Dual Diagnosis (NAPZA-Skizofrenia), dan Pekerja Sosial Medis/Klinis.
Perspektif Kekuatan dalam Pekerjaan Sosial
Authors: - Ishartono , Raharjo Santoso Tri
Published: December 2018

A lot of social issues generally approached the issue of problem-based approach (PBA) with a variety of other derivative terms, namely medical model, the deficit approach, or a more traditional approach. Problem-based approach to focus more on weaknesses in the client’s self that causes problems, both at the micro, mezzo and macro levels. PBA is less attention to the potentials, aspirations, hopes and potential sources residing on the client and the client environment. Strength-based approach (strength perspective) as a perspective emerged in response to the previous approach. This approach started to pay attention to the potential, aspirations, expectations and resources that can be utilized within the framework of solving social problems. For the social work profession, this perspective provides a new angle to look at and address the social problems facing clients.Keywords: Problem Based Approach, Strength Perspective, Social Work
Gambaran Konsep Diri Anak Asuh di Panti Sosial PSAA 3 Ceger Jakarta Timur
Authors: Sukmawati Ellies
Published: December 2018

One of the challenges for social institutions to prepare foster children ready for their social life is in the process of formation and development of self-concept in children fosterage because these children do not have parents/family. This self-assessment concept picture using a qualitative approach to explore the concept of self-perception in children orphanage which is a cross-nursing, or children who have never known and the affection of his parents. llustration of this concept in terms of three factors: knowledge, judgment and hope that they perceived as a characteristic of the concept itself, and to know the description of these three things unearthed by 9 aspect ability to be critical, self identity, self-image, behavior, physical, moral self, social self, respect self, the ego of individuals in the family. The results of this study can be used as an instrument to create a model of care Alternatives which uses colleague system that gives a positive value in the development of self-concept of children in the orphanage, because they do not have a figure that is nurturing or loving as a parent, so that a sense of the need they can get from the friendship are mutually supportive and mutually reinforcing them.  Keywords: Children orphanage which is a cross-nursing (anak lintas panti), positive self-concept, negative self-concept.
Model Sistem Rujukan Gelandangan dan Pengemis di Camp Assesment Dinas Sosial DIY
Authors: Jahidin Asep , - Sarif
Published: December 2018

This article disucesses referral system model of beggars and homeless treatment as part of social problems solution in Yogyakarta. The government of Yogyakarta has published the Special Regulation of Yogyakarta, among others Regulation No. 16 of 1956, (16/1956) and Provincial Regulation No. 1 year 2014 on Handling Homeless and Beggars. The goal is doing outreach to prevent homeless and beggars in cooperation with the police, Provincial Satpol PP and Dinsosnakertrans in Yogyakarta province are Kota, Sleman, Bantul, Gunung Kidul, and Kulonprogo utilizing Social Service Assessment Camp for identification and assessment. Camp Assessment is a temporary shelter for homeless and beggars (Gepeng). The finding shows that in the Assesment Camp, these groups have access to social services in the form of basic needs, medical health and coaching/guidance. In addition, social services guidance or coaching provided by the Assesment Camp for the sprawl is in the form of guidance of motivation, sports, religion, art, Mental Social and Citizenship. Upon obtaining social services, clients are involved in Case Conference meetings to determine whether a client can be repatriated or referred to social welfare institutions in accordance with the client’s source system. The research utilises a qualitative approach by field research and literature review. This article suggests for instensification of supervision and monitoring on the program to ensure sustainability aspect. Keywords: assessment, homeless, beggars, social services assessment camp, referral system model.
Pengaruh pH dan Waktu Kontak Terhadap Adsorpsi Logam Zn(II) pada Komposit Arang Eceng Gondok Termodifikasi Kitosan-Epiklorohidrin
Authors: Ariyani Dahlena , Cahaya Noor , Mujiyanti Dwi Rasy
Published: December 2018

A study of the effect of pH and time contact on the adsorption of Zn (II) metal on the charcoal of water hyacinth modified chitosan-epichlorohydrin composites has been performed. This study aims to determine the effect of pH and time on Zn (II) adsorption on the charcoal of water hyacinth modified chitosan-epichlorohydrin. Adsorption of Zn (II) metal on the charcoal of water hyacinth modified chitosan-epichlorohydrin composites was tested for pH with variations in pH 2 to 7 and contact time with variations of 15-75 minutes. The results showed that Zn (II) adsorption reached optimum at pH 4 and contact time for 30 minutes was 87.1%.
PCR Multipleks untuk Identifikasi Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resisten terhadap Isoniazid dan Rifampisin pada Galur Lokal Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Maksum Iman Permana , Suhaili Suhaili , Amalia Rizki , Kamara Dian Siti , Rachman Saadah Dian , Rachman Rifky W.
Published: December 2018

The incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases has become the biggest source of the problem in the effort to eradicate tuberculosis (TB) disease in Indonesia. MDR-TB is a resistant TB bacteria to the two, at least, first-line TB drugs, e.g., rifampin and isoniazid. Unfortunately, the current diagnostics methods to identify the MDR-TB are still slow, unspecific, and inaccurate. The purpose of this study is to identify the isoniazid- and rifampin-resistant M. tuberculosis (local strain Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Barat) by using multiplex PCR method. The TB bacteria colonies were cultivated in Middlebrook 7h9 broth media, which followed by the isolation of chromosomal DNA. The best PCR condition was achieved by optimizing the annealing temperature, the concentration of magnesium chloride, and a number of the cycle. Multiplex PCR was conducted with inhA1-inhA2, rpoB1- rpoB2, katG1- katG2, and B1-B2 pair primers. Furthermore, the PCR product was characterized on 2% gel agarose electrophoresis which stained by using ethidium bromide. The result showed that isoniazid- and rifampin-resistant M. tuberculosis sample could be identified using multiplex PCR, producing DNA fragments with a size of 71 bp, 124 bp 186 bp, and 200 bp. A non-MDR-TB only produced one DNA fragments with a size of 200 bp. Therefore, it can be concluded that MDR-TB and non-MDR-TB can be distinguished using multiplex PCR with a combination of four pair primers.
Analisis Logam Fe dengan Teknik Voltammetri Pelucutan Anodik Pulsa Diferensial dalam Tanaman Pakcoy dari Perkebunan Sayur Bedugul Bali
Authors: Irdhawati Irdhawati , Mbatu Rosanti Suryani Tince , Sahara Emmy
Published: December 2018

Pakcoy is one of the most popular vegetable. The use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides contain heavy metals can contaminate pakcoy vegetable. This research aims to determine the validity of measurements and concentration of Fe in pakcoy using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry technique.The working, reference, and counter electrodes were platinum disk, Ag/AgCl, and Pt wire, respectively. The optimum measurement results of the standard solutions of Fe(III) obtained the optimum deposition time was 70 seconds, the optimum scan rate was 10 mV/s, and the optimum deposition potential at -0.47 V. A linear concentration of standard solution of Fe(III) observed at the range of 50 ppb~500 ppb, with correlation coefficient 0.9954. Limit of detection was 50.18 ppb. The repetition of 10 times measurements had a Horwitz ratio of less than 2. Percent recovery was 100.26% ± 0.27%. The average of Fe(III) concentration in the samples from 5 (five) locations of the pakcoy sampling contains 3.82±0.29 ppm, less than SNI treshold line of 5.0 ppm.
Senyawa 5,3'-Dihidroksi-7,4'-Dimetoksiflavon dari Kulit Batang Tanaman Akway (Drimys beccariana Gibs) dan Aktivitas Antimalarianya
Authors: Rudiana Tarso , Herlina Tati , Julaeha Euis
Published: December 2018

Akway (Drimys beccariana Gibs) is an endemic plant of Papua. Ethnobotany is used as a medicinal plant, one of which is used as a malaria drug. This study aims to isolate, determine the chemical structure and evaluate the antimalarial activity of D. beccariana stem bark. Powder of D. beccariana bark is macerated with methanol and fractionated using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate extract was fractionated using gradient liquid chromatography (KCV) (n-hexane: ethyl acetate: methanol). The KCV fraction was separated by repeated gravity column chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC-P) to obtain Isolate 1. Isolate 1 was determined by spectroscopic methods including UV-Vis, IR, 1D NMR, and 2D. Isolate 1 is determined by its compound structure which is 5,3'-dihydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone. 5,3'-dihydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone compounds evaluated antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro with antimalarial activity better than artemisinin.
Pemanfaatan Kulit Kacang Tanah (Arachis hipogaea L.) sebagai Adsorben Zat Warna Metilen Biru
Authors: Nurhasni, M.Si Nurhasni , Mar'af Reski , Hendrawati Hendrawati
Published: December 2018

Dye waste is a major problem in controlling environmental impacts. Dyestuff waste is an organic compound that is difficult to decompose, resistant, and toxic. If the waste is discharged into the water, it will cause environmental pollution. Research on the absorption of dyestuff of methylene blue by activated peanut shells has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the adsorption efficiency, adsorption capacity, optimum conditions of dye adsorption including variation of contact time, adsorbent concentration, pH, and dye concentration. Adsorption test is carried out by batch method using a shaker. The adsorbent was then analyzed using FT-IR and SEM instruments. The results showed that, after activating the adsorbent had a better character than before activated. Peanut skin that has been activated with optimum NaOH against methylene blue, optimum conditions for adsorption of methylene blue dyestuff with 60 minutes contact time with alkaline activation adsorbent, optimum adsorbent concentration 1%, 50 ppm dye concentration, adsorbent size <180 μm, pH 9 The adsorption isotherm pattern follows the Freundlich isotherm.
Home Health Care Availability and Discharge Delays in Children With Medical Complexity
Authors: Maynard Roy , Christensen Eric , Cady Rhonda , Jacob Abraham , Ouellette Yves , Podgorski Heather , Schiltz Brenda , Schwantes Scott , Wheeler William
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND:

An increasing proportion of pediatric hospital days are attributed to technology-dependent children. The impact that a pediatric home care nursing (HCN) shortage has on increasing length of hospital stay and readmissions in this population is not well documented.

METHODS:

We conducted a 12-month multisite prospective study of children with medical complexity discharging with home health. We studied the following 2 cohorts: new patients discharging for the first time to home nursing and existing patients discharging from the hospital to previously established home nursing. A modified delay tool was used to categorize causes, delayed discharge (DD) days, and unplanned 90-day readmissions.

RESULTS:

DD occurred in 68.5% of 54 new patients and 9.2% of 131 existing patients. Lack of HCN was the most frequent cause of DD, increasing costs and directly accounting for an average length of stay increase of 53.9 days (range: 4–204) and 35.7 days (3–63) for new and existing patients, respectively. Of 1582 DDs, 1454 (91.9%) were directly attributed to lack of HCN availability. DD was associated with younger age and tracheostomy. Unplanned 90-day readmissions were due to medical setbacks (96.7% of cases) and occurred in 53.7% and 45.0% of new and existing patients, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

DD and related costs are primarily associated with shortage of HCN and predominantly affect patients new to HCN. Medical setbacks are the most common causes of unplanned 90-day readmissions. Increasing the availability of home care nurses or postacute care facilities could reduce costly hospital length of stay.
Una interpretación sobre la relación entre filosofía e historia en el concepto de tradición de Alasdair MacIntyre
Authors: Lipinski Emilio
Published: December 2018

Se aborda en particular su relectura de Aristóteles y Tomás de Aquino, junto con su análisis de algunas discusiones relevantes en las ciencias sociales. Según MacIntyre, el abandono del aristotelismo y su esquema teleológico de la investigación filosófica y de la razón práctica ha generado confusión e incoherencia en las articulaciones conceptuales de la filosofía moral moderna y contemporánea. En opinión de este autor, en el concepto de tradición el presente es considerado una reapropiación del pasado, lo que brinda coherencia a las argumentaciones. A los fines de este trabajo se opta por una aproximación a medio camino entre una metodología analítica y una historia conceptual basada en el reconocimiento de distintas discusiones de las cuales se nutren los conceptos macinteryanos. Finalmente, se valoran las contribuciones de MacIntyre a la vez que se indican algunas limitaciones de su tesis.
¿A salvo o felices? La finalidad del Leviatán a través de las objeciones de Kant
Authors: Rilla Jerónimo
Published: December 2018

En el presente trabajo se aborda el proyecto político hobbesiano a la luz de las críticas realizadas por Kant en Teoría y praxis. Específicamente, se considera en detalle la objeción contra el Gobierno despótico, según la cual, el soberano sitúa la felicidad del pueblo como la principal finalidad del Estado y, por ello, acaba fomentando involuntariamente la rebelión. Al respecto, se sostendrá que el planteamiento de Hobbes en el Leviatán evade el foco de los reproches kantianos, justamente porque su particular noción de felicidad impide que esta pueda ser constituida como el objetivo de la sociedad política. A su vez, se arguye que existe una sugestiva modificación terminológica con relación al De Cive, que lleva a considerar la posibilidad de que Hobbes haya prefigurado las críticas reseñadas.
La intersubjetividad como dato del mundo de la vida: Una reconstrucción sistemática de la crítica de Alfred Schutz a la Quinta Meditación Cartesiana de Husserl
Authors: Gros Alexis Emanuel
Published: December 2018

La reconstrucción realizada en el presente artículo parte de la hipótesis de que pueden diferenciarse dos tipos de objeciones schützianas al texto canónico de Husserl, a saber: inmanentes y fundamentales. Las primeras remarcan las dificultades subyacentes en los pasos tomados por Husserl para resolver el problema de la intersubjetividad trascendental, mientras que las segundas cuestionan la pertinencia filosófica del problema mismo.
A transição cubana e a “atualização do modelo”: mudanças políticas e econômicas sob o governo de Raúl Castro
Authors: Silva Marcos Antonio da
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho analisa as transformações políticas e econômicas em Cuba sob a atuação de Raúl Castro. Neste sentido, aponta os impactos da queda do socialismo real e a dinâmica de mudanças, necessárias, que se instaurou no país. Em seguida, analisa a transição cubana e a atualização do modelo, discutindo as principais mudanças políticas e econômicas, como a emergência de uma nova forma de liderança, uma nova legislação sobre o mercado de trabalho, a posse e a venda de bens e uma maior interação com o mundo exterior, entre outras, bem como os impactos e as perspectivas de tais transformações.
Uma Comissão da Verdade no Brasil: escravidão, multiculturalismo, história e memória
Authors: Leitão Pinheiro Márcia
Published: December 2018

Ao focalizar a Comissão da Verdade da Escravidão Negra no Brasil (Cvenb), apoiada pela Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil (OAB), abordo sua formação e os instrumentos antirracistas que pautam sua atuação. Ainda apresento a reflexão sobre a inscrição da escravidão no contexto da Comissão da Verdade e como é realizada sua proximidade com outra catástrofe histórica. Reflito como a comissão compreende o multiculturalismo e como isso contribui para confrontar a narrativa oficial acerca da nação, que tem sido questionada por segmentos do Movimento Negro. Utilizo material proveniente de observação direta das atividades da Comissão, material de imprensa, vídeos e documentos produzidos pela Comissão.
Teoria do reconhecimento e democracia econômica: potenciais não exauridos
Authors: Herzog Lisa
Published: December 2018

O texto discute a relação entre reconhecimento e economia, primeiro ao abordar a interpretação teórica de reconhecimento atribuído por Adam Smith ao autointeresse humano, sentido este que no entanto foi perdido na construção posterior da teoria econômica. A seguir, serão apresentadas vertentes da teoria econômica que possuem ressonâncias na teoria do reconhecimento, assim como a discussão de Axel Honneth a respeito dos mercados a partir do ponto de vista da liberdade social. Será defendida a tese de que na reconsideração das raízes teóricas de reconhecimento da teoria econômica reside um significativo potencial para reformas em direção a uma economia mais igualitária e democrática.
Repensando a redistribuição: Nancy Fraser e a Economia Política
Authors: Paternostro Bueno da Silva Enrico
Published: December 2018

Partindo da polêmica entre Axel Honneth e Nancy Fraser sobre a teoria do reconhecimento, o artigo tem como objeto a abordagem da autora estadunidense para a Economia Política. Após discutir o tratamento conferido ao tema em seus artigos que compõem a coletânea Redistribution or recognition, bem como as objeções a ele levantadas, busca-se investigar em que medida as revisões ulteriores propostas por Fraser foram suficientes e satisfatórias para superar as principais limitações e questões não-respondidas de seu modelo.
The new millenarianism: on the end of the world and of capitalism as we know them
Authors: Pinzani Alessandro
Published: December 2018

In recent years the destruction of the environment and the repeated crises of capitalism have been discussed by a wide range of books. More specifically, great attention has been paid to the concepts of Anthropocene and of the second machine age. The link between these two strands consists not only in the common view that we are facing massive changes to our way of life for ecological and for economic reasons, but also in the idea that these two phenomena are interconnected. Accordingly, the destruction of the environment is a consequence of capitalism, and, at the same time, capitalism is nearing its material, natural limits. In this paper I shall briefly evaluate these diagnoses and some of the proposed remedies. Furthermore, I shall point out some philosophically relevant consequences of said debate, particularly concerning the concepts of freedom and political action. ***  O novo milenarismo Sobre o fim do mundo e do capitalismo como os conhecemos ***Nos últimos anos, a destruição do meio ambiente e as repetidas crises do capitalismo foram discutidas por uma ampla gama de livros. Mais especificamente, grande atenção tem sido dada aos conceitos de antropoceno e de segunda era da máquina. A ligação entre essas duas vertentes consiste não apenas na visão comum de que estamos enfrentando mudanças massivas em nosso modo de vida por razões ecológicas e econômicas, mas também na ideia de que esses dois fenômenos estão interconectados. Portanto, a destruição do meio ambiente é uma consequência do capitalismo e, ao mesmo tempo, o capitalismo está se aproximando de seus limites materiais e naturais. Neste artigo, vou avaliar brevemente esses diagnósticos e alguns dos remédios propostos. Além disso, apontarei algumas consequências filosoficamente relevantes do referido debate, particularmente em relação aos conceitos de liberdade e ação política.Palavras-chave: Destruição ambiental; Antropoceno; Capitalismo; Fim do trabalho; Segunda idade da máquina.
Um conceito amplo de economia: economia como prática social e a crítica ao capitalismo
Authors: Jaeggi Rahel
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo pretende discutir a possibilidade de compreender a economia como uma prática social relacionada com outras práticas de maneira a resultar em uma forma de vida. Para tanto, será oferecida primariamente uma definição dos conceitos de práticas e de forma de vida, para depois analisar alguns aspectos centrais da economia capitalista (a propriedade privada dos meios de produção, mercado e troca, trabalho e produção) a partir de tais conceitos. Finalmente, será discutida a oportunidade de pensar o capitalismo como forma de vida para obter um instrumento intelectual crítico.
Apresentação do Dossiê
Authors: André Claudio Fernando
Published: December 2018

O Programa Stricto Sensu em Educação da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, apresenta o Dossiê sobre Interfaces da Educação Inclusiva, Saúde e Tecnologias Digitais, que mantém seu compromisso de colaborar com a promoção e ampliação da análise e discussão de temas fundamentais para a Educação.
A Study on the Meaning of Nature-Friendly Leisure Activities on the Lives of Modern People
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Chong-Ryeol , Lee Hyung-Ryong
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the significance of the meaning and experience of traditional leisure activities in mountain and stream areas and urban residents’ social pathology. The results of the study are as follows. The study used the phenomenological analysis method of qualitative research, employing 81 meaningful original data and 35 meaningful statements. A total of 12 sub-themes, four topics, and four dimensions were found. Those who migrated to urban areas as a result of industrialization failed to adapt to the new community of the city and suffered conflicts related to social pathology. However, participation in recreational activities in natural mountain and stream areas where the emotions of their hometown could be felt bolstered their self-esteem. Finally, through participation in nature-friendly recreational activities, trust, consideration, and cooperation among human beings were found to be important.
A Measurement Scale of Small Island Tourism Development Focused on Four Islands near Jeju Island
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Song Jae-Ho , Kim Hyang-Ja
Published: December 2018

This study started from the recognition that islands should be developed differently from the mainland because of their specific characteristics such as isolation, narrowness, and being surrounded by the sea. Studies on island tourism have been conducted on the tourism development stage, management model, competitiveness indicators, island image, island selection attributes, experience quality, and revisitation. However, there are few studies on small island tourism development. The purpose of this study is to develop an island tourism development measurement scale to evaluate the conditions of tourism development according to the conditions of the island area, to evaluate the appropriate direction of tourism development, and to apply it to the islands around Jeju Island to examine its applicability. Based on the previous studies on the scales of tourism development related to islands, appropriate scale items for island tourism development were derived and the reliability and validity of the scales were verified by analyzing the results of the questionnaire survey. In this process, factor analysis was conducted using SPSS. The results of this study can be used as basic data for tourism development in small island areas due to lack of research on island tourism development..
Sistemas de detección de disparos: ¿son eficaces para controlar la violencia con armas de fuego en América Latina?/ Gunshot detection systems: Are they effective in controlling firearms violence in Latin America?
Authors: Aguilar Juan R
Published: December 2018

La violencia con armas de fuego es uno de los problemas sociales más grandes de América Latina. Desde hace algunos años, los sistemas de detección de disparos están cobrando relevancia en la región como una herramienta tecnológica que puede reducirla. Este artículo presenta una revisión de la tecnología de detección de disparos, e intenta examinar su utilización en algunos países de América Latina. Se resumen los principales atributos de funcionamiento de estos sistemas y se revisan investigaciones para evaluar su eficacia en el apoyo a la labor policial, la reducción de la violencia y los crímenes con armas de fuego. Con base en sus principios de funcionamiento y las diferencias urbanísticas y demográficas de las ciudades donde se utilizan, se examina cualitativamente el desempeño de los sistemas de detección de disparos en la región.

Abstract

Gun violence is one of the biggest social problems in Latin America. In recent years gunshot detection systems have been gaining relevance in the region as a technological tool that may reduce it. This article presents a review of gunshot detection technology, and attempt to examine its use in some Latin American countries. The main operating attributes of these systems are described, and researches conducted to evaluate their effectiveness in supporting police work and reducing gun violence and crimes are reviewed. Based upon the operating principles of these systems and considering the urban and demographic differences of the cities where they are used, the performance and effectiveness of the fire detection systems in the region are qualitatively examined.
Reconfiguración social: entre la migración y la percepción inseguridad en Lima, Perú/ Social Reconfiguration: Between Migration and Insecurity Perception in Lima, Peru
Authors: Cuevas-Calderón Elder Alejandro
Published: December 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cómo la matriz de la percepción de inseguridad se ha desplazado de la criminalidad efectiva a la migración venezolana. Para ello, a través del empleo de técnicas cualitativas, exploramos y comparamos las actuales percepciones de inseguridad de los vecinos de dos barrios de Lima Metropolitana (Perú): el Barrio Chamo (San Juan de Lurigancho) y el sector 1 (San Isidro). Realizamos un bosquejo sobre las construcciones imaginarias de los espacios seguros, de los atacantes y de la construcción del “nosotros” como comunidad frente a la migración como el supuesto problema que encabezaría la inseguridad ciudadana. Los resultados de la comparación muestran que la migración ha devenido sinécdoque de una ciudad que, en pleno proceso de reensamblaje social, ha encontrado en el migrante venezolano al chivo expiatorio de su crisis social.

Abstract

The aim of this article is to investigate how the matrix of the perception of insecurity has changed from effective criminality to immigration of Venezuelans. Thus, we explore and compare, with qualitative techniques, the actual perception of insecurity among the inhabitants of two neighborhoods in Lima (Peru): Barrio Chamo (San Juan de Luringancho) and sector 1 (San Isidro). The article proposes an outline on the imaginary construction of the safe spaces, the attackers and the construction of the 'we' as a community facing migration as the implied problem leading insecurity. The results of the comparison between the two areas show that migration has become synecdoche of a city that, amidst a process of social reassembly, has found in the Venezuelan migrant the scape goat of its social crisis.
Democracias bajo presión. Estado, Fuerzas Armadas y Crimen Organizado en América Latina: ¿éxito o fracaso de la estrategia de contención militar? (Daniel Sansó-Rubert Pascual)
Authors: Umbría Acosta Luis Antonio
Published: December 2018

Reseña
Estimación de los parámetros de dos modelos para la dinámica del dengue y su vector en Cali, Colombia
Authors: Arias J H , Martínez H J , Sepúlveda L S , Vasilieva Olga
Published: December 2018

El dengue es una infección viral transmitida por la hembra del mosquito Aedes aegypti que se presenta en todas las regiones tropicales y subtropicales del planeta. En Cali, Colombia, a pesar de los controles que las autoridades de salud dicen estar haciendo, durante el año 2013, se reportaron más de 9.000 casos de dengue, de los cuales algunos han sido graves y otros han llegado a ser letales. Para la transmisión del virus del dengue, los modelos matemáticos que simulan la dinámica de la población infectada, bien sea de humanos, de mosquitos o de ambos, permiten una buena comprensión de la dinámica del virus, por lo que son una excelente herramienta para el seguimiento y control de la enfermedad causada por ellos. Sin embargo, para que esta herramienta sea realmente útil en casos concretos, los modelos deben ser ajustados a las características particulares de la región donde se quieren utilizar. En este artículo, queremos presentar el ajuste de dos modelos matemáticos al área urbana de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. Inicialmente, con base en el comportamiento natural del mosquito Aedes aegypti en una región como el área de interés, estimamos algunos de los parámetros de los modelos, teniendo en cuenta la literatura existente sobre este tema. Posteriormente, estimamos el resto de parámetros como la solución de mínimos cuadrados que mejor ajusta los resultados de los modelos a los datos de los casos reportados de dengue, según la Secretaria Municipal de Salud de Cali, durante el año 2010.
Implementation of a Non-Invasive Bioprospecting Protocol for Isolation of Lactobacillus from Feces of Hens Under Foraging Conditions
Authors: Robledo-Cardona Simón , Ramírez-Hincapié Sabina , Correa-Álvarez Javier
Published: December 2018

In animal production, probiotics seek to replace the use of antibiotics, while diminishing mortality and morbidity rates to raise productivity. Probiotics constitute a natural alternative that, in contrast with antibiotics, neither produces pathogen resistance, nor leaves chemical residues in the final product. Several bacteria, including some belonging to the genus Lactobacillus have been described as probiotics with high potential. A non-invasive bioprospecting protocol aimed for the isolation and characterization of lactobacilli from chicken feces was established. Fecal samples were collected from the ground. These were diluted and cultured in LAB selective medium. Colonies were identified by three methods: Gram stain, MALDI-TOF MS and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. An initial probiotic potential of lactobacilli isolates was determined via antagonism tests using five enteropathogen reference strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Candida albicans, Pseudomonas spp. and Salmonella spp. 24 isolates belonging to four Lactobacillus species were identified by MALDITOF MS. BLAST of 16S rRNA gene of eight randomly selected isolates, confirmed MALDI-TOF MS identification. Five of these eight isolates inhibited the growth of at least one of the pathogenic strains used, three isolates of Lactobacillus plantarum and two of Lactobacillus salivarius. Our protocol achieved 21 lactobacilli per 100 isolates performance, greatly surpassing the normal percentage of lactobacilli in chicken gut microbiome, that so, its implementation would facilitate the isolation and identification of new probiotic strains from feces.
Desarrollo y evaluación de un dispositivo electrónico de peso ligero para el muestreo de compuestos orgánicos volátiles en la vertical acoplado a un globo meteorológico cautivo
Authors: Solano Murillo M , Gutiérrez López G , García Espinosa M , Torres Jardón R
Published: December 2018

El conocimiento del perfil vertical de la composición de los compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COVs) en áreas urbanas contaminadas puede ayudar a un mejor entendimiento del impacto de estos compuestos en la calidad del aire y en el desarrollo de mejores estrategias de control. Con el fin facilitar este tipo de mediciones y de que éstas tengan la confiabilidad necesaria, se diseñó e integró un dispositivo de muestreo miniaturizado programable de COVs ligero de bajo costo, que permite el anclaje de varios de ellos a diversos niveles de altura en el cordel de un globo meteorológico cautivo instrumentado, y cuyo arranque y paro de los muestreadores es controlado desde superficie. El muestreo simultáneo asegura que el perfil vertical de los COVs capturados representen con mejor certeza las diferencias esperadas en la concentración de estos compuestos debido a la influencia del dosel urbano y de la actividad urbana. Cada dispositivo de muestreo consiste en un circuito electrónico que recibe la señal de arranque y/o paro de la minibomba de succión de aire de un sistema maestro de control que se ubica en superficie y que comanda la operación por radiofrecuencia. La captura de los COVs es realizada por medio de un cartucho empacado con un medio adsorbente apropiado para este objeto. La aplicabilidad del sistema miniaturizado fue demostrada en una campaña corta de muestreos a los niveles 0 m, 50 m, y 100 m sobre la superficie en un sitio al suroeste de la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México durante abril de 2017. Los perfiles de las concentraciones de COVs determinadas fueron comparados tanto con registros previos obtenidos a nivel superficie como en perfiles verticales utilizando métodos de muestreo menos dinámicos demostrando así el beneficio de conocer la concentración a diferentes alturas en la interpretación de la química atmosférica asociada a estos perfiles.
Modern Biotechnology for Agricultural Development in Colombia
Authors: Villanueva-Mejía Diego F
Published: December 2018

Colombia is currently one of the most promising countries with regard to its potential for agricultural development and for generating food supply for current and future human generations. This is owing to factors such as availability of land, water, topographical diversity, as well as political factors. Nevertheless, Colombia will reach this full potential if it adopts available technologies that can meet the current global challenges faced by the agriculture in the 21st century: among others, world population growth, increase in average life expectancy, high degree of malnutrition, climate change, wrong agricultural practices. Here is presented how modern biotechnology is an important ally as a wide range of technologies and innovative systems can be applied where they are most needed: for increasing cultivation productivity, resisting both biotic and abiotic factors, and ensuring food safety. In this study is showed evidence with regard to significant benefits of adopting biotechnological crops to contribute to food safety and how they are already being implemented in both developed and developing countries. Using modern technology, there are open opportunities for the country in search of circular bio-based economy, strengthen its food sovereignty and to serve as an agricultural breadbasket to Latin America and the World.
Optimization of the Oertli CataRhex 3 phacoemulsification machine v2
Authors: A. Stutz Lance , B. Heczko Joshua , A. Bird Brian , S. Thomson Rhett , A. Bernhisel Ashlie , R. Barlow William , Zaugg Brian , J. Olson Randall , H. Pettey Jeff
Published: December 2018

Purpose: To determine optimal bottle height, vacuum, aspiration rate, and power settings of the Oertli CataRhex 3® phacoemulsification machine. Methods: Porcine lens nuclei were hardened with formalin and cut into 2.0 mm cubes. Lens cubes were emulsified using the easyTip®2.2 mm at 30 degrees. Fragment removal time (efficiency) and fragment bounces off the tip (chatter) were measured. Settings tested included bottle height of 60, 80, 100 and 120 cm; aspiration rate of 40, 45, and 50 mL/min; vacuum of 400, 500, and 600 mmHg; and power of 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100%. Results: Efficiency and chatter increased in a linear fashion with increasing vacuum to 600 mmHg (P=0.017, P=0.046, respectively). The most efficient aspiration rate was 50 mL/min, although this finding lacked statistical significance (P=0.66). Increasing power increased efficiency up to 80% without increasing chatter (P=0.042, P=0.71, respectively). Compared to all other power settings, chatter was increased at 100% (P=0.014). Conclusion: The most efficient machine settings were vacuum at 600 mmHg, aspiration rate at 50 mL/min and power at 80%.
rev-ChIP v2
Authors: Texari Lorane , Guzman Carlos , Heinz Sven
Published: December 2018

Understanding the precise regulation of transcriptional programs in human health and disease requires the accurate identification and characterization of genomic regulatory networks. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are powerful, and widely applied tools to map the in vivo genome-wide location of transcription factors (TFs), histone modifications, chromatin accessibility, and nascent transcription that make up these regulatory networks. While chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) is one of the oldest, and most-utilized experimental techniques to study the location and abundance of TFs, experiments still frequently require optimization to reproducibly yield good data with high signal-to-noise ratios due to the massive variability between possible antibody-antigen combinations and commercial reagents. To overcome these obstacles, we systematically carried out well over 500 ChIP-seq experiments designed to test every aspect of typical ChIP-seq experiments and developed rev-ChIP, a novel ChIP-seq method that is optimized for scalability, robustness, low-input, speed, cost efficiency and data quality. We find that rev-ChIP can be scaled to work for cell numbers ranging from millions to under a thousand, and from a single sample to 500 samples a week in a non-automated fashion with minimal hands-on time. Additionally, rev-ChIP has been tested on a variety of sample types ranging from cell lines to sorted primary cells and solid tissues.
GUIDELINES ON ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY AND EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF HYPERTENSION 2018: WHAT’S NEW?
Authors: Klimenko A. A. , Anichkov D. A. , Demidova N. A.
Published: December 2018

The article considers the key points of the new 2018 guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology and European Society of Hypertension on management and treatment of patients with arterial hypertension (AH). The guidelines widen the possibilities for ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure (BP) and at-home measurement of BP in diagnosis of AH, especially for detection of hidden (“masked”) hypertension and white-coat hypertension. New target ranges for BP depending on age and concomitant pathology are established. For most patients, BP <140 mm Hg (primary target) is accepted, for patients under 65 years if therapy is well-tolerated BP <130 mm Hg should be achieved. Selection of treatment for elderly patients shouldn’t be based on chronological age but on biological age taking into account evaluation of senile asthenia, self-maintenance and therapy tolerability. For starting selection of drugs for AH, in most patients two-component therapy (one pill drug) is preferable. The latest guidelines contain simplified algorithms for management of patients with AH. It is shown that in most patients, a preference should be made for combinations of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blocker (inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme or angiotensin II receptor blockers) with a slow calcium channels blocker and/or thiazide/thiazide-like diuretic. Beta-blockers should be prescribed only for specific clinical cases. Special emphasis is made on evaluation of patient’s treatment adherence as the main reason for insufficient BP control, as well as on increased role of nurses and pharmacists in education, monitoring, and support of patients with AH being an important part of general strategy of BP control.