bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of Surgical Ttreatment of Patients With Cerebral Aneurysms in the Acute Period of Hemorrhage Transported Over a Considerable Distance
Authors: Vorobyov E. A. , Dashyan V. G. , Savvina N. V. , Makievskij M. Y. , Chugunova S. A. , Yakhontov I. S. , Gerasimov F. V. , Efremov S. I.
Published: August 2021

Relevance. To provide emergency specialized neurosurgical care to patients living in rural areas, medical evacuation to a neurosurgical hospital is required. Despite the fact that medical evacuation is a necessary stage of medical care, there are not enough studies on the impact of transportation of patients with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm over long distances. There is little information about the time intervals for transportation, the timing of the start of treatment and the outcomes of the disease in patients who are at a considerable distance from the neurosurgical hospital.

Aim of the study. To analyze the impact on the extensive results of surgical treatment of patients with cerebral aneurysm rupture.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 145 patients with cerebral aneurysm rupture in the acute period of hemorrhage, hospitalized in the regional vascular center of the State Budgetary Institution of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) “Republican Hospital No. 2 — Center for Emergency Medical Aid” in the period from 01.01.2017 to 31.12.2018. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I — patients from remote areas of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) who underwent medical evacuation by the Disaster Medicine Service of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia); Group II — hospitalized from the territory of the city of Yakutsk and its nearest suburbs.

Results. 145 patients were hospitalized at the regional vascular center in Yakutsk. Sanaviation (Sanitary Aviation) delivered 91 patients from the districts of the republic to the regional vascular center (62.8% of the total number of patients) (Group I), 54 patients (37.2%) were hospitalized from the territory of the urban district of Yakutsk (Group II). The distance of transportation by ambulance aircraft in Group I ranged from 45 to 1330 kilometers. Deterioration from admission to the local medical organization to admission to the regional vascular center was noted in 8 patients (8.8%), improvement in the condition in 25 (27.5%) patients, there were no dynamics of changes in the state of 58 (63.7%) patients. The total number of deaths in two groups of patients was 11 (12.1%) patients. Postoperative mortality had no statistically significant differences between the two study groups: in Group I — 7.7% (7 patients), in Group II — 7.4% (4 observations) (p=1,000).

Conclusions. With an established system of medical evacuation, transportation over a considerable distance does not worsen the course of the disease and the results of surgical treatment of patients with cerebral aneurysm ruptures in the acute period of hemorrhage.
Why do Environmental and Ecological Economics Diverge?
Authors: Petrović Nikola
Published: August 2021

Environmental economics and ecological economics became established scientific fields as a result of the growth and the success of the environmental movement in the 1960s and 1970s. Using the strong programme in the sociology of scientific knowledge and the general theory of scientific/intellectual movements, this article compares four pairs of scholars (two pairs of scholars appropriated for these fields and fields' founders during the emergence and establishment of the fields). The article depicts how their institutional, ideological and scientific backgrounds contributed to the divergence of these fields. Practitioners of environmental economics and ecological economics were influenced by different strands of the environmental movement. Environmental economics has epistemological and institutional links with environmentalism and ecological economics with ecologism. Different types of interdisciplinarity were used in these fields—a bridge building type of interdisciplinarity in the case of environmental economics and a restructuring and integrative in the case of ecological economics.
ONLINE TRAVEL AGENCY MARKETING STRATEGY: IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSUMER REPURCHASE DECISION
Authors: Sahir Syafrida Hafni , Suginam Suginam , Fahlevi Mochammad
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK
 
OTA dan konsumsi masyarakat atas transaksi layanan online di Indonesia terus tumbuh. Pemasaran online paling banyak dilakukan oleh perusahaan perjalanan online untuk menarik pelanggan dan meningkatkan loyalitas pelanggan yang diantisipasi. Persaingan perjalanan online menjadi semakin ketat. Sehingga konsumen akan terus melakukan transaksi travel online kembali. Studi ini mengeksplorasi travel online yang signifikan di Indonesia yaitu Traveloka, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan memanfaatkan data dari 100 responden dan menggunakan alat perangkat lunak Partial Least Square untuk menganalisa model. Temuan penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa promosi pemasaran online berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pembelian Kembali, serta kepuasan pelanggan berhasil memediasi antara promosi pemasaran online terhadap pembelian kembali. Hasil ini memberikan bukti bahwa promosi pemasaran online sangat penting bagi pemasaran dan pertumbuhan bisnis perusahaan online seperti Traveloka. Selain itu, penting untuk mempertimbangkan kepuasan pelanggan sebagai variabel intervening baik secara langsung maupun sebagai variabel mediasi antara promosi pemasaran online dan pengambilan keputusan pembelian kembali memiliki pengaruh yang besar terhadap pembelian kembali konsumen. Nilai R square yang begitu tinggi antara hubungan antar variabel baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung memberikan informasi bahwa kedua variabel tersebut mempengaruhi variabel keputusan pembelian kembali cukup besar sehingga pengusaha travel online khususnya Traveloka yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini perlu pertimbangkan permasalahan ini.
Development of Handouts Equipped with Glossary of Protista Materials for Class X High School Students
Authors: Marta Dini Hari , Handayani Dezi , Zein Anizam
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to develop a handout included a glossary on protists  material for class X SMA that is valid and practical. The type of this research is the development research  that uses three phases of  4D model that consisting of define phase (definition), design (design), and develop (development), the fourth phase is  phase of disseiminate (deployment) is not done. This handout is validated by 5 validators, for the practicalities conducted by two teachers and 30 students of  class X IPA 2 SMAN 7 Sijunjung. The data of this research is primary data that is  obtained from the questionnaire validity and practicalities, then analyzed with descriptive analysis. Handout generated from terms of content feasibility, language, presentation, and  chart has an average value of 84.17% and categorized (valid). Handout that is  produced called  practically by teacher  if the average value is  89.58% (practical) and  has been produced by students with 83.91% (practical) of average value.
Interactive Multimedia Development Using Flash Completed Quizmaker on Structural Materials and Plant Tissue Functions for SMP Students
Authors: Dyna Chairatun , D Rahmawati , Fifendy Mades
Published: August 2021

Teaching media is helping equipment of teaching material, so the result can motivate the students, but the teachers generally dont use any interesting media, they still use the media that they get in the school like chart, torso, text book, and power point slide that all the medias dont use effective. The multimedia will be effective and interesting when they get correlation between user and interactive multimedia namely flash that completely by a quizmaker to the structure and function of plant network for junior high school students that valid and practice.This research used athree-stage development of 4-D models consisted of steps which were define, design, and development, while disseminate stage was not performed because of time constraints. Subjects of this study consisted of one lecturer of biology at FMIPA UNP, two teachers of SMPN 2 Padang Panjang, and 20 students of class VIII SMPN 2 Padang Panjang. Research data was primary data that obtained through validity and practicality questionnaire, then analyzed with descriptive analysis. Based on data analysis, it was obtained that validity value by validator was 97.99% (valid), practicality value by teachers was 88.74% (practical) and practicality value by students was 85.19% (practical). Based on this, we can conclude that flash interactive multimedia that equipped with quiz-maker that being produced in this research for material structure and function of plant tissue subject for junior high school students are valid and practical.
The Validity of Module Based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) on Bacteria-Material for Grade X Senior High School
Authors: Audia Fanny Felecia , Hartanto Indra , Selaras Ganda Hijrah , Armen Armen
Published: August 2021

On application Curriculum 2013 the learning more emphasize on approach scientific. One of model used by the teacher is PBL, but the implementation of the model has not been optimal in the learning process. The cause not yet optimal because there is no PBL-based teaching material available on Biology subjects. Based on the problems, the researchers have developed a PBL-based biological module bacterial material for Grade X senior high school students. However, the module that has been developed is unknown validity level. Therefore, the authors test the validity of the module developed. Assessment of module validity is carried out by validators who are experts in their respective fields of science, namely 2 lecturers majoring in Biology, Faculty of Math and Nature Science, State University of Padang and one of Biology teacher at SMAN 1 Lubuk Alung. Overall the average results of the PBL practice module based biological questionnaire on bacterial material for class X students of SMAN 1 Lubuk Alung were 3,49% with a very valid category. It shows that the modules that have been developed are very valid from the aspect of feasibility of content, language, presentation, graphics, and PBL on the evaluation of the validator.
Relationship In Intrinsic Learning Motivation with Cognitive Learning Competency of Sains Students In Class VII Junior High School 16 Padang
Authors: Utari Septia , Fitri Rahmadhani , Fuadiyah Sa'diatul , Yogica Relsas
Published: August 2021

Many factors influence cognitive competency in learning, one of which is student motivation. Motivation is an impulse that is contained in a person to try to make behavioral changes that are better in meeting their needs. Learning motivation is basically divided into two, namely intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is motivation that arises from within the individual himself without any coercion or encouragement from others, but on the basis of his own will. While extrinsic motivation is an encouragement from outside a person. This study aims to determine the relationship between intrinsic learning motivation and IPA cognitive learning competencies of class VII students of SMP 16 Padang. This study is a descriptive study that seeks the relationship between two variables. Data analysis using Pearson Product Moment correlation formula to see how the relationship between intrinsic learning motivation and science learning cognitive competencies. Correlation analysis to see how much the relationship between motivation and learning competence and t-test analysis contributed to see the significance of a relationship. Data collection techniques used in this study were research instruments in the form of questionnaires on students' metacognitive abilities. The biology learning competency value of VII grade science students of SMP 1 Padang is taken from students' daily test scores in the second semester of the 2018/2019 academic year. The results showed that there was no positive and significant relationship between learning motivation and students' IPA cognitive learning outcomes in class VII of 16 Padang Junior High School with a tcount of 0.78, and ttable of 1,697The correlation of learning motivation with learning competencies is in the very low category with a value of r = 0.14.
The Effect Of Discovery Learning Model Preceded By Making Concept Map Homework On Students’ Learning Competencies At Grade VII In Junior High School 16 Padang
Authors: Nofianti Nofianti , Helendra Helendra , Rahmi Yosi Laila Rahmi Laila , Ristiono Ristiono
Published: August 2021

The low level of students’ science learning competencies at grade VII in Junior High School 16 Padang is caused by several factors, one of them is the learning process still used teacher-centered, so the students tend to inactive in the learning process. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an innovative learning process in order to improve students’ competencies, knowledge, attitudes and skill. One of the method that can be used by the teacher is by implementing the Discovery Learning Model preceded by making concept map homework. Making concept map homework is expected can improve students’ learning activities in science. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the Discovery Learning model  preceded by making concept map homework through students’ learning competencies in science (knowledge, attitudes and skill) at grade VII in Junior High School 16 Padang.  Based on the hypothesis, it is known that the knowledge competency tcount  >  ttable (5,96 > 1,67), the attitude competency tcount > ttable (6,36 > 1,67) and the skill competency tcount  >  ttable (1,69 > 1,67). The result of the study show that the hypothesis is accepted. Thus it can be concluded that the implementation of the Discovery Learning model preceded by the making concept maps homework can improve students’ science learning competences (knowledge, attitudes and skill) at grade VII in Junior High School 16 Padang.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Make A Match Bermuatan Literasi Sains terhadap Kompetensi Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Oktavani Febi , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal , Darussyamsu Rahmawati , Selaras Ganda Hijrah
Published: August 2021

Learning problems at Payakumbuh 1 Junior High School are learning models that are less varied, and low learning competencies of students from aspects of knowledge, attitudes and skills. Efforts that can be made are applying the cooperative learning model type make a match with scientific literacy on the material of global warming at Payakumbuh 1 Public Middle School. The aim of the study was to determine the positive effect of the cooperative learning model type make a match with scientific literacy on the learning competencies of students in the subject of global warming at Payakumbuh 1 Junior High School. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with a randomized control group posttest only design study design. The study population was all class VII Payakumbuh 1 Junior High School registered in the 2018/2019 school year totaling nine classes. Sampling was done using purposive sampling technique, which was selected class VII.4 as the experimental class and class VII.3 as the control class. The instruments used were in the form of posttest questions for knowledge competencies, observation sheets for attitude and skills competencies. The research hypothesis was tested using the t-test. Based on the results of the study using the t-test it can be concluded that the knowledge competencies of the students are tcounts of 0,05> t table1,66, and in the skills competency of tcounts of >60> 1.66 t table. In attitude competency, the experimental class was 86% with a very good category while the control class was 73% with sufficient categories. This shows that the hypothesis is accepted in the competence of knowledge, attitudes and skills. The conclusion of the study is that the cooperative learning model type make a match with scientific literacy has a positive effect on students' learning competencies in the material of global warming at Payakumbuh 1 Junior High School.
THE EFFECT OF APPLYING COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL ON STUDENT COMPETENCE IN NATURAL SCIENCE: LITERATURE STUDY ABOUT TWO STAY TWO STRAY WITH STUDENT WORKSHEET
Authors: Sari Siska Purnama , Ardi Ardi , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal , Selaras Ganda Hijrah
Published: August 2021

This writing is based on the results of observation and interview in SMP 3 Koto XI Tarusan which show the learning process still tends to be teacher-centered. Students are not seen actively, self-confidence in expressing ideas are still low. As a result, the level of understanding towards learning material still low and this also has an impact on students learning competencies in terms of attitudes, knowledge and skill. One way that can be used to demand the activeness of students is by applying a learning model. Based on the literature study, the writer found a suitable learning model to overcome the problems found, namely by applying the Two Stay Two Stray type of cooperative learning model accompanied by LKDP. This type of research is a literature study using descriptive analysis. The data used are secondary data, namely scinentific journals such as articles. The data analysis technique consists of several stages, namely the preparation, impelementation and completion stages. The procedure used in this study is to browse articles contained in online journals on Googele Scholar research, collect articles related to accredited or indexed criteria, review each selected articles, and draw conclusions from the review Each article.  Based on the literature study counducted, it can be seen that learning using the Two Stay Two Stray of cooperative learning model accompanied by LKPD can imporove the learning competence of studends.
THE EFFECT OF APPLYING LEARNING MODEL ON NATURAL SCIENCE COMPETENCE: LITERATURE STUDY ABOUT SNOWBALL THROWING
Authors: Wulandari Ayu , Alberida Heffi , Ardi Ardi , Fitri Rahmadhani
Published: August 2021

This research is motivated by the low activity and learning outcomes of students in learning. Learning is still teacher centered. Student do activities outside of learning. We need a model to motivate student in learning. The model can be used is Snowball Throwing.The purpose of writing this article is to  look at the correlation of the application of the Snowball Throwing model to student outcomes. This research methode by reviewing journal uses 5 journal with ISSN. Dewi's research (2015) states that the Snowball Throwing model assisted by interactive multimedia has an effect on student learning outcomes. Handayani's research (2017) states that the Snowball Throwing model has an influence on student learning outcomes. Fitri's research (2017) states that the Snowball Throwing model with word square media has a positive influence on the activities and learning outcomes of students. Najla (2017) and Purba (2020) state that there are differences in learning outcomes between classes that use Snowball Throwing and those that don't. Thus it shows the Snowball Throwing model has a correlation with the learning outcomes of students.
STUDY OF LITERATURE ON VARIATION IN THE APPLICATION OF THE THINK PAIR SHARE TYPE OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL AND ITS EFFECT ON STUDENTS’ LEARNING COMPETENCIES
Authors: Hayyuni Fadika , Yogica Relsas , Zulyusri Zulyusri , Atifah Yusni
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the application of the Think Pair Share learning model on the learning competence students based on literature studies. The type of research used is descriptive research with literature studies. The data used is in the form of secondary data, namely in the form of articles in the journal that has been accredited by SINTA totaling 5 articles and related to the application of the Think Pair Share type cooperative learning model to the leraning competence students. The research sample is all members of the sample who are applied with the Think Pair Share type cooperative learning model found in predetermined articles.
Peningkatan Literasi Keuangan melalui Pelatihan Evaluasi dan Perencanaan Keuangan Sehat Berbasis syariah pada Pengusaha Muslim Skala Mikro Kecil di Purwokerto
Authors: Kusumastuti Dani Kusumastuti
Published: August 2021

Banyaknya warga yang tertipu investasi bodong, terjerat rentenir dan mengalami masalah bisnis menunjukkan kurangnya literasi keuangan masyarakat. Karenaya, kegiatan pelatihan ini dilaksanakan guna memberikan pengetahuan sekaligus ketrampilan kepada peserta agar dapat mengevaluasi keuangannya dan membuat perencanaan keuangan yang memadai. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan pendekatan tindakan kelas, melalui ceramah, self-assement  terdampingi dan dialog. Perangkat yang digunakan berupa modul dan lembar self assessment. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui respon lisan peserta dan instrumen pre dan post test.  Peserta berjumlah 50 orang dengan latar belakang domisili, usia, tingkat pendidikan, jenis usaha dan gender yang beragam.  Peserta sangat antusias dan merasakan langsung dampak pelatihan dengan menjadi paham dan dapat membuat daftar harta, hutang dan kekayaan juga cashflow, paham dan dapat mengevaluasi kesehatan keuangan dengan beberapa rasio keuangan, serta dapat membuat rancangan keuangan masa depan. Peserta juga mendapat nilai-nilai baru cara pandang religius spiritual tentang keuangan yang mengarah kepada keberlanjutan.  Pelatihan dinilai sangat bermanfaat oleh peserta dan hasil uji pretest dan post test menunjukkan perbedaan nyata literasi keuangan peserta sebelum dan setelah pelatihan.Sebagai tindak lanjut telah dibuat grup Whatsapp untuk konsultasi. Pelatihan perlu direplikasi di berbagai tempat lain dengan mengajak pihak lain bekerjasama.
 
Number of residents who are deceived by fraudulent investments, moneylenders and experiencing business problems indicate the lack of financial literacy among the community. Therefore, this training is carried out to enlight and train participants to be able to evaluate their financial situation and make adequate plans. It is carried out using a classroom action approach, through lectures, guided self-assessment and dialogue and used modules and self-assessment sheets as supporting tools. Evaluation of activities was carried out directly through oral responses and pre and post test instruments of 50 participans with various backgrounds of domicile, age, education level, type of business and gender. They were very enthusiastic and got direct impact by becoming aware of and being able to list assets, debts and net worth as well as financial cashflow, understand and be able to evaluate financial health with several financial ratios, and be able to make future financial plans. Participants also got new perspective based on Islamic spiritual view of finance that leads to sustainability. The training was considered very useful by the participants and the results of the pretest and post test showed a significant difference in the participants' financial literacy level before and after the training. As a follow-up, a Whatsapp group was created for consultation. It is recommended that the training be replicated in various other places inviting other parties to cooperate.
Alienation in Harry Potter
Authors: Khaled Hussein Ayman , Nazri bin Latiff Azmi Mohd , Nusr Mohammad Al-Subaihi Mohammad
Published: August 2021

This is a thematic study of Harry Potter (1997-2007) concerning the theme of alienation. Joanne Rowling is a British novelist famous for writing her best-known fantasy book series, Harry Potter (1997-2007). This study argues that Rowling employs fantastical elements in Harry Potter to present symbolic and real-life themes that summon the postcolonial discourse of alienation. In addition, the study aims to raise the role of fantasy in serving Humanity and the dignity of people and understanding the conflicts among the members of society. Moreover, this study investigates how racial discrimination and postcolonialism work against the Humanity of heroes and their companions in their community. Therefore, that relationship causes a realistic commentary on real-life situations. The theoretical platform deployed in this study is a postcolonial perspective that purports to grasp the striking overlaps between the theme of alienation and the insights of the racial and social postcolonial discourse. The findings achieved in this paper prove the juxtaposition between alienation on the one hand and racial and social discrimination on the other hand. The researcher seeks to demonstrate that Harry Potter reflects the suffering and alienation of characters.
Coronavirus Apocalypse: A Representation of Despair and Resilience
Authors: Al-Harby Nesreen
Published: August 2021

This paper explores Mathias Besong’s My Struggle with COVID-19 (2020), Nikita Gill’s Love in the Time of Coronavirus (2020), and Elizabeth Mitchell’s The Doctor and Apocalypse (2020) and focusses on how these poems illustrate authors’ reactions to the spread of coronavirus. Therefore, it engages genre theory and argues that the examined verse adopts features and themes of post-apocalyptic literature. The research employs a comparative approach that divides the poems into three categories: the poetry of despair, the poetry of hope, and the ambivalent poetry that depicts responses to the pandemic inconsistently. The study shows that the explored poems express contradictions between social distancing, physical isolation, and global connectedness and oneness. This paper scrutinizes the concept of survival and examines features of coronavirus survivors as significant elements in the explored genre. The research debates that human reactions to distress are universal. It also draws attention to the effectiveness of writing poetry to aspire to hope, achieve global human solidarity, and challenge fear and hardships. The research demonstrates the social impacts of Covid-19 and how poetry becomes a means that expresses fear and hope through its employment of post-apocalyptic conventions and tropes. Finally, the researcher suggests that the examined poets depict their anxieties and psychological distress; however, they overlook illustrating the physical pain associated with coronavirus. This study contributes to ongoing scholarly discussions that focus on selected poems produced during the Covid-19 context and sheds light on their genre, conventions, and tropes.
Translating Animal Idioms from English into Arabic: An Application of Nida’s Strategies for Translating Idioms
Authors: Dawood Al-Qahtan Filwah i , Abdulrhman Al Qahtani Osama
Published: August 2021

Many animal-related idioms are found in Arabic and English languages. However, since there are some differences between Arab and western cultures in history, tradition, geographical environment and mode of thinking, animal idioms can create a cultural gap, which hinders mutual understanding between both cultures. The cultural gap is noticed when translating animal idioms from English into Arabic. Therefore, this research investigates problems encountering translators in the translation of animal idioms from English into Arabic. It also presents strategies that can be applied in the rendition of animal idioms from the source language into the target language. The study discusses problems and strategies of translating animal idioms based on Eugene Nida’s strategies for translating idioms (1964). To conduct the study, the researcher developed an empirical survey adopting a mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative methods, to gain a detailed understanding of the translational problems and strategies followed by Saudi translators in the transference of animal idioms from English into Arabic. Findings of the study indicate that most translator respondents opted for the strategy of translating an idiom into a non-idiom even when a corresponding idiom is found in Arabic.
Identification of Race: A Three-Dimensional Geometric Morphometric and Conventional Analysis of Human Fourth Cervical Vertebrae in Adult Malaysian Population
Authors: Shin Ja Young , Alias Aspalilah , Chung Eric , Ng Wei Lin , Wu Yuan Seng , Gan Quan Fu , Choy Ker Woon
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Estimation of race plays a significant role in establishing personal identity in forensic anthropology. A cervical vertebra is one of the bones that is least researched in forensic applications. Our study aims to investigate the  morphologic variations of the fourth cervical vertebrae (C4) between the different major races in the adult Malaysian population using a three-dimensional (3D) geometric morphometrics method. Methods: Computer tomography images of C4 vertebra, which consist of 386 subjects (169 Malay, 82 Chinese, and 135 Indian) were collected retrospectively from University of Malaya. Twenty-eight landmarks were placed on the images. Procrustes MANOVA, canonical variates analysis(CVA), discriminant function analysis (DFA), and linear measurement were performed using Planmeca Romexis, Checkpoint Stratovan, Morpho J, and Graphpad Prism software respectively to analyze the morphological variations of C4. Results: Procrustes MANOVA showed significant differences in the shape (p <0.0001) and centroid size (p = 0.0003) of the C4 vertebra between races. Canonical variate analysis showed significant differences for Mahalanobis (p <0.0001) and Procrustes (p <0.0001) distances among races. Besides that, a cross-validation value of 66.5% was demonstrated by discriminant function analysis. The use of linear measurements reveals no significant differences between the races, thesemeasurements are the vertebral body height, anterior-posterior length of the vertebral body, length of superior articular facet, and spinous process length. Both intra- and inter-observational reliabilities showed that acceptable human errors for measurement accuracy. Conclusions: Morphologic variations in the shape of C4 can assist in race estimation of the adult Malaysian population using the 3D geometric morphometric approach.
Nutrition and Water Deprivation Negatively Impacts Adult Longevity of Lucilia eximia (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
Authors: Graham Steven M. , Sawyer Samantha J. , Crozier Olivia , Denton Kylie , Tomberlin Jeffery K.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Forensic entomology is the utilization of arthropod science in legal practice. Blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are a prevalent family in medicolegal investigations due to their colonization of vertebrates, including living or deceased humans. Longevity of insects associated with legal investigations is an important life-history trait that could be useful in determining a minimum time of colonization (TOC) interval. Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is known to colonize remains and cause myiasis; however, this species is understudied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the longevity of L. eximia adults with and without resources. Methods: Lucilia eximia adults were placed in six different mesh cages at a 1:1 sex ratio, where flies in three cages were fed and provided water, while those in the remaining cages were not. Cages were placed in a walk-in incubator set to 24°C, 60% RH, and a 14:10 L:D. Mortality was recorded daily. Results:Males and females did not live significantly longer than each other within either treatment. Life span of adults provided resources was 58.41 ± 27.79 d, while deprived individuals lived 1.61 ± 0.49 d. Rate of mortality was nearly 6X greater for those deprived of food and water than those provided such resources. Conclusions: Access to food and water impacted adult longevity. Forensic entomologists could potentially estimate time since adult emergence based on mortality proportion of adults present in relation to environmental conditions and access to food in an enclosed environment (e.g., building). However, such a method will need to be validated.
A Retrospective Study on Data from Animal-Related Complaints, Abuse, Cruelty, Trafficking and Trade Received by Animal Welfare Organizations in Singapore in 2016
Authors: Chang Elizabeth X. , Magni Paola A.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Singapore is a first-world country, protected by an advanced police force, competent in investigating crime against human citizens. Little is known about crime against animals and what Singapore does in these instances.  Methods: This research considered data from reports of various animal crime that occurred in 2016 as recorded by the three animal welfare organizations appointed to investigate crimes against animals (AVS, SPCA and ACRES). Details of the cases collected were sorted using eight parameters: date, location, perpetrator, victim, type of crime or complaint, case outcome, organization, and punishment. The type of crime or complaint were divided into the categories: abandoned, allowed to roam, barking animal, caged, poor conditions, sick and untreated, physically abused, poisoned, deceased, taken from the wild, illegal possession, illegal sale, smuggling, and licencing. Results: In 2016, a total of 831 cases committed by 839 perpetrators were reported, for a total of 2357 minimum number of animals involved, comprehensive of animal parts and items made from animals. The largest proportion of the cases occurred against domestic animals and in housing districts. Despite these high numbers, only perpetrators in 11 cases were charged with fines and/or imprisonment time. Conclusions: This research paints, for the first time, a picture of what animal crime looks in the Singaporean society. Results are of pivotal importance to identify criminal hot spots, most common type of crimes, and animal categories that are most often victimised, aiming to facilitate the work of the organizations involved in investigating animal-related crime in Singapore.
Retalhos de uma pnêumica
Authors: Lima Júnior José
Published: August 2021

O artigo em forma de ensaio analisa os 11 segmentos do filme 11’09’’01, produzido por Alain Brigand em 2002. Esses segmentos foram feitos por 11 diretores de países diferentes. Todos eles tiveram liberdade para criar curtas-metragens alusivos ao ataque sofrido pelas torres gêmeas do Trade World Center em 11 de setembro de 2001. Havia, no entanto, uma exigência: cada segmento deveria ter onze minutos, nove segundos e um quadro. Neste ensaio esses segmentos são comentados a partir de uma noção específica de espiritualidade corpórea. Essa perspectiva antropológica, nomeada corpoética, entende a espiritualidade como pnêumica – uma respiração revestida pelos signos simbólicos, traduzindo desejos; uma respiração segunda, culturalmente reinventada. Não redutível à religião, a pnêumica corpoética é uma experiência e uma experimentação que parte da materialidade somática, passa por sua historicidade sócio-psíquica e se constitui como inventividade simbólica carregada de sentido/sentimento existencial mais pleno possível. De cada segmento do 11’09’’01, uma cena é escolhida para análise e comentário. Essa cena é reproduzida como objeto empírico para o exercício corpoético do enxergar neurofisiológico, do olhar epistêmico e do ver pnêumico. Nesse último se encontra o foco principal deste ensaio sobre uma pnêumica como espiritualidade corpoética.
Investigation of a retroesophagoscopic approach to nasopharyngoscopy as an alternative to the conventional retroflexed endoscopic approach for selected indications in feline cadavers and client-owned cats
Authors: Derré Maxime G. , Snead Elisabeth C. , Beaufrère Hugues H. , Aertsens Adrien G.
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE

To describe a retroesophagoscopic approach (ROSA) to nasopharyngoscopy and compare it with the conventional retroflexed endoscopic approach (REA).

ANIMALS

36 feline cadavers and 2 client-owned cats with nasopharyngeal disorders.

PROCEDURES

36 veterinarians participated in the experimental portion of the study involving feline cadavers. Each veterinarian performed the ROSA and REA to nasopharyngoscopy on a feline cadaver once, attempting to identify and biopsy 2 landmarks (soft palate and choanae) with each approach while time was recorded. Numeric scales were used to measure perceived ease of use and image quality for both techniques. Data were compared between approaches by an independent statistician. The ROSA approach was also used as part of the diagnostic workup for the 2 client-owned cats.

RESULTS

35 of the 36 (97%) veterinarians were able to identify and biopsy both landmarks using the ROSA, whereas 21 (58%) veterinarians were able to visualize both landmarks using the REA and 19 (53%) successfully biopsied the landmarks. Image quality for the soft palate was scored higher with the ROSA (median score, 7.5/10) than with the REA (4.5/10). The ROSA was fast and easy to perform. This approach was also successfully performed in the 2 client-owned cats with nasopharyngeal disorders, with no complications reported.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The ROSA was found to be a fast, effective, and easy alternative endoscopic technique for assessment of the nasopharynx in cats. This approach may allow use of various instruments that could be relevant for interventional procedures. However, the ROSA was also invasive and should be considered for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes for selected indications only when REA is unsuccessful. (Am J Vet Res 2021;82:752–759)
Investigation of color values of inkjet and laserjet prints on recycled papers
Authors:   Kahramanmaraş Sütçü Imam University Forest Industry Engineering, Yilmaz Ufuk , Tutuş Ahmet ,   Kahramanmaraş Sütçü Imam University Forest Industry Engineering, Sönmez Sinan ,   Marmara University, Applied Sciences/Department of Printing Technologies
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study is to compare laserjet printing and inkjet printing properties on recycled papers. In the study, we recycled reference papers prepared in accordance with the INGEDE 11p standard. After recycling the papers, we produced test papers in the laboratory environment and examined the physical and optical properties of the obtained papers. We applied calendering process at 100 oC temperature and 20 bar pressure on the obtained test papers. After this process, we printed trigromy color measurement scales with inkjet and laserjet printers on the test papers obtaine Finally, using the spectrophotometer, we determined the printing properties of both print types.When we examined the results, we determined that in most of the printability parameters, laserjet had a superior performance and was a more usable printing system. For example, while the inkjet cyan density value is 0.94, the laserjet is 1.05. While M + Y trapping value was 28.23 in inkjet, it was 92.20 in laserjet. For example, we found the Gloss value as 2.53 in inkjet and 4.23 in laserjet. While inkjet cyan print chroma value is 44.03, it is 48.09 in laserjet. In addition, we determined that laserjet printing reached a wider area as a color gamut.Based on the color measurement results of both printing types, we have determined that the printability of recycled papers is reasonable. We have determined with experimental results that laserjet printing produces better quality prints in a short time, especially in the office environmen
Identifying competencies for future graphic design graduates in Malaysia: A Delphi study
Authors:   Raffles University, Faculty of Art and Design, Johor Bahru, Malaysi, Wong Shaw-Chiang , Idris Muhammad Zaffwan ,   Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Faculty of Art, Computing and Creative Industry, Tanjong Malim, Malaysia, Tan Wee-Chuen ,   Raffles University, Faculty of Art and Design, Johor Bahru, Malaysi
Published: August 2021

Traditionally, graphic design (GD) education focuses on the training of technical production skills to prepare graduates for entry-level employment. However, due to the new challenges and the expanding opportunities of emerging practices, GD graduates are expected to master a wide range of additional competencies beyond traditional scope. The study aims to identify the competencies required by future GD graduates in the context of Malaysia. A two-round modified Delphi technique was used to gain consensus from a panel of experts consisted of design educators and industry practitioners regarding the competencies needed by the graduates for effective work performance. A total of 108 competencies were generated. All accepted competencies were ranked ‘very important’ and ‘extremely important’ by at least 75 percent of the respondents in Round Two. These competencies could be classified into 29 subdomains under five components, i.e., cognitive competence, functional competence, personal competence, ethical competence, and meta-competencies. The findings of this study are useful for enhancing the education and employability of graphic designers as they provide a common vocabulary to relevant stakeholders about the standards of performance for new entrants to the GD profession.
Design and simulation of an equipment for the rehabilitation of people affected by ACV, starting from the subacute stage
Authors:   Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá, Colombia. Industrial Engineering  Department Student, Rodríguez Yuly Jimena González , Morales Geraldine Pulido ,   Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá, Colombia. Industrial Engineering  Department Student, Bueno Carlos Augusto Toledo ,   Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá, Colombia.  Industrial Engineering  Department Professor
Published: August 2021

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) or stroke is a disease that results in paralysis of one side of the body. Physical therapy is generally used as a muscular rehabilitation tool that involves different techniques and exercises. For it to be effective, the process must be accompanied by the constancy and discipline with which the routines are performed, which are frequently limited to the hospital environment, causing an interruption in the development of recovery due to the absence of home mechanisms that facilitate its execution in a safe and complete manner. In Colombia, these aspects are enhanced by intervening factors such as: extensive travel from rural areas to care sites, accessibility to specialized centers, among others. That is why this article provides the proposal of an equipment that contributes to CVA rehabilitation from the subacute stage. The design and operation were developed and simulated through Solidworks 2018 Software, involving a series of exercises for upper and lower limbs considered by physiotherapists as of high importance in the treatment of the disease; it means, they can be executed by the patient under ergonomic and safety condition.
« Troisième Testament » et nouvelle évangélisation - L’autobiographie comme composante analogique de la Révélation.
De l’hypothèse d’une théologie autobiographique à une pastorale autobiographique d’évangélisation
Préface de François-Xavier Amherdt
Authors: Scalici Massimiliano
Published: August 2021

Intitulée « Troisième Testament » et nouvelle évangélisation, l’étude de l’abbé Massimiliano Scalici s’efforce d’introduire davantage l’autobiographie dans la Révélation (« Dieu se révèle en se racontant lui-même », selon Dei Verbum 2), en apportant une compréhension plus aiguisée de la sacramentalité de la Parole, thème envisagé par Benoît XVI dans Verbum Domini 56. La proposition d’une théologie autobiographique puise ses sources dans le Christ lui-même, le narrateur narrant de Dieu et donc le « Proto-autobiographe » divin. Par conséquent, l’Écriture et la Tradition transmettent la Parole de Dieu dans la mesure où les écrivains bibliques et les innombrables témoins explicites et implicites de la foi, sous l’action de l’Esprit Saint, se racontent eux-mêmes. Dans le cadre de l’évangélisation, l’étude du Petit Prince de Saint-Exupéry appliquant les trois mimèsis de P. Ricoeur s’avère précieuse. De même, le « cénacle » ou cercle autobiographique, telle une praxis novatrice d’annonce, offre de poignants témoignages.
Lexical polysemy and homonymy in the Middle High German language in light of the problematic of lexical synonymy and lexical-semantic analysis
Authors: Fomicheva Aleksandra Andreevna
Published: August 2021

Based on the compositions of pre-courteous epic poetry and chivalric romance written in the Middle High German language, this article reviews the problem of lexical polysemy in relation to the phenomena of homonymy and synonymy, as well as the problem of structural description of lexis. The need for comprehensive examination of polysemous lexemes in the Middle High German language, which includes structural analysis of the meaning of polysemous word and the lexical-thematic group and/or synonymic row it belongs to, well as the study of contextual implementation of the meanings of polysemous word, is substantiated by the principle of diffusivity of meanings of polysemous word that complicates comprising dictionary definitions and creates difficulties for the researcher in distinguishing the meanings of a polysemous word and separating polysemy from homonymy. Based on the example of lexical-thematic group for denomination of edged weapon in the Middle High German Language, the author demonstrates the appropriateness of using lexical-semantic analysis for establishing systemic relations between the analyzed lexemes, as well as postulates the importance of the context in determination of the structure of polysemous word. Discussion of the given examples from the compositions of pre-courteous epic poetry and chivalric romance written in the Middle High German language is accompanied by the author’s clarifications to the dictionary definitions of the lexemes under review. The conclusion is made on feasibility of the authorial approach towards detection of the discrepancies between lexicographic data and use of the lexeme in the texts written in the Middle High German language. The author also believes that this research is valuable from the perspective of lexicographic practice.
Persian theme in Plutarch’s works based on the episode from the treatise “On Isis and Osiris”
Authors: Gorshkov Andrey
Published: August 2021

The object of this research is the cultural ties between Greeks and Persians, while the subject is the image of Persia and Persian in Plutarch's treatise “On Isis and Osiris”. The author carefully examines such aspects of the topic as the problem of barbarism, Zoroastrianism as the foundation of Persian worldview, Persians from the perspective of Plutarch, description of Persian religious rites and traditions. Special attention is turned to the problems of borrowing Persian words into the Ancient Greek language (Avestan lexemes are being modified in the Ancient Persian language, and then adapted in the Ancient Greek language). It is noted that Greek language has been influenced by the barbarian languages due to deepening ties of the Greeks with other peoples. The conclusion is made that Plutarch was sincerely fascinated with Persians and certain aspects of their worldview; he compares the sayings of the Greek philosophers and poets with Persian ontology — contrary to the stereotypical perception of the Persians as barbarians, standing below the Greeks in their development. The author’s special contribution consists in juxtaposition of the Zoroastrian doctrinal provisions with the rites and practices of the Persians described by Plutarch. The novelty of this research consists in the advanced hypothesis that explains the rich spirit in the lexeme Ὡρομάζης. The relevance this work lies in examination of interaction between the Greek and Persian worlds, which has not received due attention in the Russian philological science.