bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Navigating the biomechanical landscape: Enhanced methods for drug analysis
Authors: Sun Shanghui
Published: July 2024

In drug analysis and detection, chemiluminescence is a standard technical method based on the idea that the concentration of observed substances in the chemical detection system and the chemical luminescence intensity establish a linear quantitative relationship under certain conditions. Bio-mechanical landscape (BML), which uses bioengineered systems to simulate essential elements of the human tumour microenvironment, is already enhancing cancer biology and aiding clinical translation. The majority of illicit substances have dangerous cardiovascular side effects that might range from an irregular heartbeat to a heart attack. Cardiovascular disease, including blocked veins and bacterial infections of the blood arteries and heart valves, may also result from injecting illicit narcotics. The challenging characteristics of such a cardiovascular disease using drug analysis are heart failure, low blood pressure and headaches. Hence, in this research, drug analysis has improved wearable body sensor network-enabled artificial neural network (WBSN-ANN) technologies for cardiovascular disease. Medicine and drug development because they provide information on patient status in the clinical context and vital information on pharmacodynamics activity, effectiveness, and safety throughout the research process. The process results in a research-intensive organization finding a novel chemical or biological compound and developing it into a medicine that patients can legally utilize for drug discovery and development.
Sailors & Whalers: Forerunners of Portuguese Labor Migration to North America?
Authors: Nóvoa André
Published: July 2024

This paper sheds light on the importance of whaling paths and stations in the migration of Portuguese laborers to North America. Even though there are many factors influencing these migratory trails—the attraction that a country like the U.S. had on most prospective migrants in the 1800s, the American economic and political influence which made it a convergence point globally, and its geographical position—this study demonstrates that the Portuguese sailors and whalers, who were active in the Pacific and Atlantic North in the nineteenth century in search of turning a profit and better living conditions, can be seen as pioneers of sorts, having played a role in blazing the paths and trails for the Portuguese who followed. It is not a historical coincidence that the places where the Portuguese established themselves were precisely the places frequented years before by Portuguese whalers and fishing sailors. This line of analysis puts mobility first as an important theoretical and analytical tool to reveal the causes and consequences of migration.
An Examination of Organizational Development at FTIK UIN KH Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan From the Viewpoint Of Stakeholders And The Academic Community
Authors: Solehudin Moch. Sugeng , Jaeni Muhamad , Sopiah Sopiah , Khobir Abdul
Published: July 2024

This study is descriptive qualitative research. From the academic community's and stakeholders' viewpoint, this study identifies the critical areas for developing the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Sciences of K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid State Islamic University Pekalongan. To determine the answers to the issues with organizational development facing the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Sciences at K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid State Islamic University Pekalongan, as seen from the viewpoint of the academic community and stakeholders. In this study, documentation, interviews, and observation are the methods used for gathering data. The academic community and stakeholders of K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid State Islamic University Pekalongan's Faculty of Tarbiyah and Keguruan Sciences are the subjects of this study.  The study's findings show that organizational growth inextricably linked to the three pillars of higher education is among the top priorities for FTIK UIN KH Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan from the viewpoints of stakeholders and the academic community. In education and learning, research, publications, services, and supporting fields, organizational development refers to the development of research, publications, services, education and learning, and related sectors.
Pemberdayaan dan Kerjasama Ekspor Petani Agave dan Sansevieria Melalui CV Botani Flora Indonesia
Authors: Rinda Eka Aprilia Adzanis  , Dewi Rahmawati  , Dita Atasa
Published: July 2024

Empowerment and export cooperation of agave and sansevieria farmers through CV Botani Flora Indonesia aims to determine the value of exports, the main purpose of exports, the obstacles faced, and strategies for increasing agave and sansevieria exports from Indonesia. The data collection methods used were interviews, observation and documentation. The results show that the collaboration between CV Botani Flora Indonesia and Agave and Sansevieria farmers has increased their export results.
Clima organizacional y desempeño docente: un análisis correlacional
Authors: Cedeño Cabrera Diana Emperatriz , Zapata Barros Ángel Enrique , Delgado Mendoza Lianet , Cano de la Cruz Yullio
Published: July 2024

El propósito del presente artículo fue analizar la influencia del clima organizacional en el desempeño de los docentes en la Unidad Educativa Particular Latino en el periodo 20018-1019.  La investigación fue de tipo correlacional – transversal, la cual permitió establecer la influencia entre los dos aspectos indagados en un determinado momento. De una población de 45 docentes se seleccionó una muestra de 36 docentes a los cuales se les aplicó una encuesta como instrumento ad hoc elaborado por los autores para la presente investigación y validado por consulta a especialistas. Para determinar el desempeño docente se utilizó el análisis de los productos de la actividad pedagógica. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el clima organizacional en la Unidad Educativa es muy bueno, al correlacionarlo con el desempeño docente mediante la prueba estadística del Chi cuadrado, con dos grados de libertad y una probabilidad de cometer un error tipo I de 0,10 se obtuvo un valor de = 4,61, por lo que se concluye que si existe relación entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño docente.
First aid training using virtual reality
Authors: Phatichon Burapa , Chantrapornchai Chantana
Published: July 2024

This work considers the use of virtual reality (VR) technology to self-teach first aid training. It is known that VR provides realistic experiences to train individuals. We created interactable first aid lessons using the Unity engine and a VR interaction framework, and provided hands-on experience, with tests based on practical exercises. The VR application materials, with the first aid knowledge gathered from many government and hospital websites, consisted of 10 lessons and 7 tests. The lessons were appraised by 14 learners, resulting in a total average satisfaction score of 9.1. The post training first aid knowledge test scores increased by 35% from pre-course level. All learners reported having greater confidence, with their practical test scores improving by an average of 22% after multiple tests, demonstrating that the application could be effectively used for learning and practice purposes.
Physiotherapy interventions for motion sickness: A systematic review
Authors: Palekar Tushar , Panse Rasika
Published: July 2024

Motion sickness susceptibility depends on the sensitivity of each individual and the ability of the vestibular system to adapt to continued exposure to the stimulus affecting activities of daily living. For this systematic review, data were extracted from PubMed, Pedro, Cochrane, and Google Scholar from 2000 to 2021 publication dates using the following MESH terms: ‘motion sickness’, ‘exercise’, ‘physiotherapy’, and ‘physical therapy’. A total of 41,789 articles were identified from 2 databases, of which 41,767 were excluded, and 18 were saved for secondary screening. After a detailed review of these articles, 7 articles were selected, including RCTs, case studies, and experimental studies. Strong evidence was identified for 2 strategies used, including breathing techniques and vestibular adaptation exercises. Physiotherapy interventions play an important role for individuals with motion sickness by alleviating the symptoms.
Magnitude of gestational trophoblastic disease at Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital, Ethiopia: A five-year retrospective analysis
Authors: Alemu Biresaw wassihun
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD) is a spectrum of interrelated conditions but histologically distinct disease entities originating from placenta. It can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the absence of timely and proper intervention.
Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess magnitude of gestational Trophoblastic disease and associated factors in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.
Methods: A five-year retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia from September 11, 2012 to September 11, 2017. The medical records of patients managed for GTD and the total number of deliveries during the study period were retrieved. There was a total of 16,957 deliveries and 194 Gestational trophoblastic cases. The data were entered with Epi data version 3.1statistical software and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 for analysis
Results: The magnitude of gestational trophoblastic disease was 11.4%. Gestational trophoblastic disease was diagnosed in the first pregnancy 15.5% of cases and 40.2% between para one and four. Vaginal bleeding was the most common presenting symptom 87.1% and 46.4% patients had anemia at admission and 26.3% of patients were transfused with blood. Hydatidiform mole was the commonest disease accounting for 90.2%. Suction curettage was the commonest treatment modality 70.8%. Having history of GTD, hyperemesis gravidarum, respiratory symptoms and not referred cases had a statistically significant association with occurrence of hydatidiform mole. 7.7% of patients had remission, persistent GTD developed in 4.1% cases
Conclusion: The burden of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease is persistently high in the study area. Majority of the patients were not followed as per standard after management as a result their final outcome is not known for the majority of the cases.
Pregnancy outcomes in Grand multiparous women: Does parity matter? A comparative study
Authors: Yimer Nigus Bililign , Tenaw Zelalem , Gedefaw Abel
Published: July 2024

Background: Grand multiparity is still a common condition in developing countries. Although older literature showed the effect of grand multiparity on adverse pregnancy, recent reports fail to show clear evidence on the contribution of grand multiparity to adverse outcomes.
Objective: This study aimed to compare maternal and perinatal outcomes in grand multiparous and low multiparous women in Southern Ethiopia.
Methods: Comparative cross-sectional study design was employed from February to June 2018. Four hundred sixty-one (461) mothers were included in the study. Data were collected using structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and extracting from patient charts. Data were analyzed using STATA version 14. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were computed. Statistically significant variables were declared at P-value less than 0.05.
Results: Of the study participants, 39% (95% CI: 34.6%-43.5%) and nearly one-fourth (24.9%) (95% CI: 21.1%-29.1%) of them had at least one adverse maternal and perinatal outcome, respectively. Anemia and cesarean delivery were the most frequently encountered maternal outcomes in grand and low multiparous women, respectively. Stillbirth was reported higher in grand multiparas. When adjusted for other socio-demographic and obstetric variables, parity did not show a statistically significant difference in both maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Conclusion and recommendations: Parity did not show a statistically significant difference in both adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Many adverse pregnancy outcomes reported higher in grand multiparous women. Comprehensive obstetric care and special attention to grand multiparas may decrease obstetric complications. Further longitudinal researches are needed to better elucidate this finding.
Keywords:  Maternal outcome, Perinatal outcome, Parity, Ethiopia.
Pregnancy Intention and Associated Maternal Behaviors during Pregnancy among Pregnant Women in Gamo-Goffa Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Gergiso Kabtamu Tolosie , Shimbre Mulugeta Shegaze , Gadore Tesfaye Feleke , Hebo Sultan Hussen
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Pregnancy is a happy event for women when it is intended. Instead, an unintended pregnancy leads the mother to unhealthy behaviors which in turn causes maternal mortality and morbidity. But limited evidence exists on the effects of unintended pregnancy on maternal behaviors during pregnancy in Ethiopia particularly in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the effect of pregnancy intention on maternal behaviors during pregnancy among pregnant women in Gamo-Goffa Zone, Southern Ethiopia.
Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study design employed in Gamo-Goffa Zone from March, 13 to April 13, 2017. Using multi-stage stratified sampling technique 770 pregnant women were selected and enrolled in the study. The logistic regression was performed to identify the independent effect of pregnancy intention on maternal behaviors.
Results: More than one-third (36.2%) study participants experienced an unintended pregnancy. Women with unintended pregnancy were 69% times less likely to receive antenatal care (AOR = 0.31, 95% CI (0.21 – 0.46)); four times more likely to initiation antenatal care late (AOR = 4.40, 95% CI (1.70 – 11.40)) and three times more likely to use the substance (AOR = 3.01, 95% CI (1.81 – 5.02)) during pregnancy.
Conclusion: Women with unintended pregnancy are less likely to receive recommended antenatal care and more likely to engage in risky behaviors. Therefore, besides promotion on the utilization of effective contraception to prevent unintended pregnancy, behavioral change communications directed toward increasing utilization of antenatal care and minimization of risky behaviors are recommended to attain healthy behaviors during any type of pregnancy.
CONTRACEPTIVE USE AMONG WOMEN WITH CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE IN ADDIS ABABA PUBLIC HOSPITALS, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Gebrekidan Hailay , Gebretinsae Teame , Alemayehu Mussie , Mirutse Gebrameskel
Published: July 2024

Women with chronic non-communicable diseases are at higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, which may be minimized through optimal preconception care and appropriate contraceptive use. Information on the contraceptive use and affecting factors among women with chronic non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia is rare. The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of contraceptive use and associated factors among women with chronic non-communicable diseases in Addis Ababa’s, public hospitals. A hospital based cross-sectional study was performed on 357 women with chronic non-communicable diseases. Systematic sampling method was used to select the study participants. The Data were collected using interviewer administered structured questionnaires and was analysed using SPSS version 20.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression at 95% CI and P < 0.05 was used to determine the final predictor in the model. Of the total women, only 124(34.2%) were contraceptive users. Majority of women with chronic non-communicable diseases were diabetic 140(39.2%), and hypertensive 134(37.5%). Those who discussed with their husband and got counselling were higher contraceptive users with AOR=2.5, 95% CI :( 1.3, 5.1) and AOR= 3.6, 95% CI (1.6, 8) respectively. Discussion with husband and counselling about contraceptive use were found the main predictors of contraceptive use.
SCHOOL LEVEL MENSTRUAL HYGIENE MANAGEMENT IN OROMIA REGION OF ETHIOPIA
Authors: Kaba Mirgissa , Adugna Zelalem
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background: Menstruation is a biological occurrence for women of reproductive age. Its management and men’s role however is determined by socio-cultural factors. Yet, there is limited evidence on support and guidance girls obtain from boys on menstrual hygiene and management. This study aims to identify school based menstrual hygiene and management interventions and the role of boys in Oromia region, Ethiopia.
Method: The study was carried out in 2017-18 academic year in eight Oromia Development Association supported public schools where sport for life interventions were running. Schoolboys and girls aged 12-15, parents and school teachers participated in the study. Focus Group Discussion (FGDs) with boys and girls and key informant interviews (KII) with parents were completed. Data so collected were transcribed and translated into English and themes were developed following the objective of the study. Interpretation and presentation of the findings were made substantiated with shared opinions directly quoted. 
Findings: The study shows that after two years of school based intervention boys in the study schools and parents recognized menstruation as a natural biological occurrence and a blessing rather than a curse. Common arguments by all participants alike show that ‘We learnt that menstruation is a mark of healthy growth of girls. It should be the absence of it that should be the source of concern’. With dedicated room, sanitary napkin and positive recognition from boys and schoolteachers, management of menstrual hygiene became easier. Boys not only stopped teasing girls but also started contributing money to purchase sanitary napkins. Liaising such school level intervention with parents extended support to girls to home.
Conclusion: Although further study with mixed method may help to document level of changes, school level awareness raising on Sexual Reproductive Health and mobilization of resources for management of menstrual hygiene could improve girl’s academic performance.
Key terms: Menstrual hygiene, adolescents, Sexual Reproductive Health, Oromia, Ethiopia
Traditional Ethiopian Coffee Ceremony in a Rural Ethiopian Hospital to Increase Hospital-Based Delivery Rates: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Limperg Tobias , Verregghen Maarten , De Ridder Iris , Allsworth Jenifer , Anderson Ted
Published: July 2024

AbstractWord count: 250
 
Background
Ethiopia has an estimated maternal mortality ratio of 353 per 100,000 live births. In an effort to improve acceptability of hospital-based deliveries, health facilities have adopted traditional practices in the labor ward. We hypothesized that offering postpartum coffee ceremonies to antenatal care patients would increase the hospital-based delivery rate.
 
Trial design    
Non-blinded randomized controlled trial
 
Methods 
From April to June 2015, pregnant patients presenting for their first antenatal care visit were block-randomized per day to receive a postpartum coffee ceremony, compared to not receiving coffee postpartum. The primary outcome was presentation for delivery at Gambo Hospital.
 
Results   
254 Patients were randomized to the ceremony group and 185 to the no-ceremony group. There was no significant difference in hospital-based delivery rates between the randomized groups (32.1% versus 31.7%; relative risk 1.01; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.35). Results were likely compromised by patients’ misunderstanding of the randomization process. 12.7% of patients self-reported that the postpartum coffee ceremony served as motivation to deliver in the hospital. Hospital delivery was positively associated with shorter travel time, higher education grade, and previous delivery at a health-facility. It was negatively associated with previous home delivery and a higher number of antenatal care visits.
 
Conclusions  
The likely flawed randomization process undercuts our ability to draw conclusions about the effect of this sociocultural intervention on the observed hospital-based delivery increase. This study exemplifies the difficulty of applying conventional research concepts to sociocultural interventions, especially in a setting of low educational levels, language barriers, and limited research capacity.
Precancerous Cervical Cancer Lesion and Associated Factors among Rural Women of Age 30 – 49 Years, in Sude District, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Garoma Sileshi , File Temesgen , Yadeta Fikadu , Yadeta Fikadu
Published: July 2024

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of precancerous cervical cancer lesion and associated factors among women age 30-49 years in Sude district, Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia.
Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted among 633 women age 30- 49 years from December 2019 to January 2020. Data were collected using structured and pretested questionnaires. Visual inspection with acetic acid was applied for screening by trained and experienced midwives. The collected data were entered and cleaned using Epi-Info-7 and exported to SPSS-21 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between the study variables. Odds Ratio with its 95%CI was calculated and P- Value < 0.05 used as a cut off points to declare the significance.
Result: The prevalence of precancerous cervical cancer lesion was 4.7% (95% CI: 3.2, 6.5). Being older age (AOR, 3.5; 95% CI:1.32, 9.39), widowed and divorced (AOR, 7.96; 95% CI: 2.84, 22.32), having multiple sexual partner (AOR, 2.8; 95% CI: 1.03, 7.36), Polygamist (AOR, 4.4; 95% CI: 1.45, 13.47), history of inheritance (AOR, 5.83; 95% CI: 2.12, 16.4) and history of STI (AOR, 5.57; 95% CI: 2.07, 14.96) were factors associated with precancerous cervical lesion.
Conclusion: A significant prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion among women in the rural community is observed. Strategies like awareness creation and screening service at primary health care unit level is required. Measures in preventing to have more wives, wife inheritance, and reducing the number of sexual partners are required.
Prevalence and determinant factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Shashamane hospitals
Authors: Alemu Biresaw Wassihun , Hailemariam Zeleke , Gemeda Getachew , Tsehay Haimanot , Alemayehu Yosef , Beyene Kassaw , Hailemariam Zeleke , Teshome Abinet , Gebremeskel Feleke , Adane Daniel , Alemirew Mandefro , Girma Aron , Mekonnen Bitew , Dessalew Mulugeta
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Background: Unintended pregnancy is one of the measures of quality of reproductive health service success or failure and is defined as a pregnancy that is not wanted and/or not planned at the time of conception. Unintended pregnancy remains a major public health problem in sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and determinants of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Shashemene hospitals.
Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 380 pregnant women from March 25 to April 30/2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The data were collected through a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire and it was entered into EPIdata 3.1 and exported to SPSS 24 for further analysis. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant factors. Variables with P-value < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.
Result: The magnitude of unintended pregnancy was 31.1%. Age 35-45 years (AOR=0.2 95% CI; 1.057-0.8), parity ?3 (AOR= 9.7 95% CI; 2.0-47.7), poor knowledge of family planning (AOR= 2.85 95% CI; 1.54-5.3), being rural residence (AOR = 1.27 95% CI; 2.15-4.5), and low husbands educational level (AOR= 4.34 95%CI; 2.16-9.73) were some of factors which affect unintended pregnancy.  
Conclusion: The magnitude of unintended pregnancy is high in the study area. Low educational status of the husband, maternal age, parity, residence, and knowledge of mothers on family planning was the most important determinant factor of unintended pregnancy. Increase timely awareness and utilization of reproductive health care services like modern contraceptives are recommended for reducing the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy.
DETERMINANTS OF PREGNANCY AMONG LATE ADOLESCENTS VISITING PUBLIC HEALTH FACILITIES OF ARBA MINCH TOWN, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Boti Negussie , Abdulkadir Hanan , Girma Meseret , Getahun Firdawek , Hussen Sultan , Oumer Blicha
Published: July 2024

Background: Adolescent period is characterized by having physical, social, and psychological behaviors that put themselves for different problems like pregnancy. Those pregnancies which occur during the adolescent period result in poor maternal and child health.
Objective: The aim of this study is to identify determinants of pregnancy among late adolescents who visit public health facilities of Arba Minch town, Ethiopia 2019
Methods: An institution-based unmatched case-control study was conducted from Feb 9-Apr 9 2019. Cases were pregnant Adolescents age (15-19 years) who came for delivery, abortion or antenatal care on other hand controls were non-pregnant adolescents age (15-19 years) who visited outpatient department or youth-friendly services for other cases (ruled out by history and HCG pregnancy test). The total sample size was 380 (85 cases and 285 controls) which were randomly selected. Data was collected by using face-to-face interviews and entered into Epi-data version 3.4 then exported to SPSS version-23 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess determinants. Statistically, significance was considered at a p-value ? 0.05.
 Result: Finding of this study show that family monthly income less than one thousand Ethiopian Birr (AOR=11.11; 95%CI 2.65-46.65), family history of pregnancy before age 19 years (AOR=2.85; 95%CI 1.04-7.79), starting first sex without desire (AOR=2.52; 95%CI1.07-5.93) and poor modern contraceptive methods (AOR=4.84; 95%CI 2.09-11.20) were determinate of adolescents in the study area.
Conclusion: Family income, family history of adolescent pregnancy, starting first sex without desire, and poor modern contraceptive methods were determinants of adolescents’ pregnancy. Therefore, respective stakeholders should develop interventions especially about modern family planning methods for adolescents.
Keywords: Late adolescent pregnancy; Determinants; Arba Minch town public health facilities
A Dicephalus Parapagus Tribrachius Dipus Conjoined Twins: A case report
Authors: Yilma Mandefro
Published: July 2024

Dicephalus parapagus tribrachius dipus conjoined twins are a very rare phenomenon. We present a case of stillborn dicephalus parapagus tribrachius dipus female conjoined twins. The pregnancy was terminated after nine months of amenorrhea by cesarean section for labor abnormality at second stage of labor. It is supposed that with proper early diagnosis, this case should be terminated at first or second trimester of pregnancy.
IMPACT OF UTILIZING THE WHO SAFE CHILDBIRTH CHECKLIST ON REDUCING MATERNAL AND PERINATAL DEATH: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Tolu Lemi Belay , Urgie Tadesse , Nigatu Balkachew
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) Safe Childbirth Checklist (SCC) is a 29-item checklist designed to address the primary cause of maternal death, intrapartum stillbirth, and early neonatal death. The objective of this review was to locate literature reporting on the effect of utilizing the WHO safe childbirth checklist on maternal and perinatal death.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE, google scholar, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), met-Register of Controlled Trials (m-RCT) (www.controlled-trials.com), ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov) and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (www.who.int/stop/search/en) to retrieve all available comparative studies published in English after 2008. Two reviewers did study selection, critical appraisal, and data extraction independently. We did a random or fixed-effect meta-analysis to pool studies together and effect estimates were expressed as an odds ratio. Quality of evidence for major outcomes was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE).
Results
We retained two cluster randomized trials and three pre-and-post intervention studies reporting on WHO SCC's. The WHO SCC utilization reduced still birth (OR =0.92[95% CI 0.87-0.96]). However, the utilization of the checklist had no impact on early neonatal death (OR=1.07[95%CI [1.01-1.13]) and maternal death (OR =1.06[95% CI 0.77-1.45]).
Conclusions
Moderate quality of evidence indicates that WHO SCC reduces stillbirth, whereas low and very low quality of evidence suggests that WHO SCC has no impact on maternal and early neonatal death, respectively. Therefore, it is imperative to use a structured checklist for intrapartum follow-up of labour and delivery.
Keywords: Maternal health, Newborn health, WHO Safe Childbirth Checklist, maternal mortality, perinatal mortality.
Adherence to Iron–Folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women at Felege Hiwot Compressive Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Authors: Nigussie Abebaw , Minale Semaw , Addis Nitsuh
Published: July 2024

Background: Iron deficiency is the most significant contributor to the onset of anemia accounting for 75% of anemia cases that occurs during pregnancy worldwide. Adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation is one of the determinant factors to prevent anemia during pregnancy. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of adherence and associated factors for iron-folic acid supplementation among pregnant women.
Method: Cross sectional study was conducted at Felege Hiwot Compressive Specialized Hospital from April 1 to August 30, 2019. Data was collected from 390 pregnant women who attended ANC follow up using interviewer administered structured questionnaire and from patients’ registry book. Descriptive analysis was done on socio-demographic, obstetric and medical related characteristics. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with IFAS adherence.
Results: 67.4% of pregnant women were adherent to iron and folic acid supplementation. Being counseled about IFAS (AOR=2.30; 95% CI: 1.21-4.34), having good knowledge about IFAS (AOR= 4.22; 95% CI: 2.43-7.31), more than 3 antenatal care visits (AOR=3.50; 95% CI: 1.55-7.92), having previous ANC follow up in tertiary hospital (AOR=2.61; 95% CI: 1.30-5.27), and having no history of hypertension (AOR=3.07; 95% CI: 1.37-6.89) were significantly associated with IFAS adherence. Lack of adequate counseling about anemia and IFAS mainly contributes to non-adherence.
Conclusion: In this study, counseling about IFAS, Knowledge about IFAS, frequency of ANC visit, previous ANC follow up center and history of hypertension were significantly associated with IFAS adherence.
Keywords: Adherence, Folic Acid, Iron, Pregnant Women.
STUDY OF TOTAL LAPAROSCOPIC HYSTERECTOMY: COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND RETROPERITONEAL TECHNIQUE
Authors: Nayak Sibananda , RV Meghana Raj
Published: July 2024

AIM
  The aim of the study is to know whether retroperitoneal method of total laparoscopic hysterectomy is better than conventional method of total laparoscopic hysterectomy. This was assessed by comparing both methods for intra-operative blood loss and urological complications.
METHODOLOGY
An observational study was done in patients planned for total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) for benign pathologies who gave their consent to be included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups based on method of surgery. Group 1 included patients who underwent conventional method of TLH while group 2 included patients who underwent retroperitoneal method of TLH. The data obtained from both the groups were compared and then analyzed for duration of surgery, blood loss and complications.
RESULTS
 Out of 102 patients, 71 underwent conventional method of TLH (group 1) and 31 underwent retroperitoneal method of TLH (group 2). The mean duration of surgery was 132.0 ±39.3 minutes  and 136.8 ±44.2 minutes in group 1 and group 2 respectively(p=0.643).The drop in haemoglobin level was 1.18 ±0.66g/dL and 1.11 ±0.45g/dL in group 1 and group 2 respectively (p=0.901). No significant complications were seen in both the groups (p=1.000).
CONCLUSION
There was no statistically significant difference between conventional method and retroperitoneal method of TLH in terms of blood loss and complications.
The Clinical management of rape in Yaoundé-Cameroon: a descriptive study
Authors: FOUEDJIO Jeanne Hortence
Published: July 2024

Background: Sexual assault is a global health and legal challenge. Nowadays it does not only affect women and girls, but also men and boys of all ages. Management of rape cases is dependent on the lesions and the trauma sustained by the survivors. In Cameroon, a protocol has been developed by the state to improve on the care of sexual assault survivors. There is therefore need to evaluate the clinical management of rape in Yaoundé.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study carried out over a period of 8 months among participants of all age groups visiting the 3 referral hospitals in Yaoundé. A questionnaire was used to collect data of participants from medical records and the data collected was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0.
Results: During the study period, 127 cases of rape were recorded The socio-demographic profile of survivors were mainly females (99.2%), with a mean age of 13 ± 10 years with the 10 to 15 age range been the most represented (25.2%). Vaginal penetration was common in most cases (78%). Survivors consulted at the hospital within 72 hours (54%) for rape (89%) and vaginal lesions (42.5%) were observed on clinical assessment. HIV serology and Hepatitis B were requested in 90.5% and 80.3% of cases respectively. Antibiotic was prescribed for 44.9% of survivors. Prevention of HIV infection by prescribing anti-retroviral was effective in 54% of cases. After the clinical examination, 33.9% of the victims had received emergency contraception. Psychological care was provided to majority of the victims (85%).
Conclusion: Sexual assault remains a prominent fact of our society mainly affecting children. Preventing them involves raising public awareness. The clinical management of survivors of rape needs to be improved on following the standard protocol provided by the government.
Do laboring women accompanied by their companion of choice during the first stage of labor? A case of parturient women in Arba Minch town public health facilities, Sothern Ethiopia
Authors: BEYENE GETAHUN KASSAW
Published: July 2024

Background: Having a companion during labor and childbirth has numerous effects on the childbirth process and its outcomes. However, it doesn’t get enough attention in low and middle-income countries like Ethiopia. The study intended to assess the status of the companionship of choice during the first stage of labor among parturient women at public health facilities in Arba Minch town, South Ethiopia
Methods:  An institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed. The study was conducted from October 1 to November 30, 2019. Face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data from 418 study participants. The data were entered into Epi data version 4.4.3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25.0 for further analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done and a p-value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence level was used to declare statistical significance.
                                                   
Results:  Only 237(58.2%, 95 % CI: 53%, 63%). of the respondents were accompanied by their companion of choice during the first stage of labor. Having complication during the recent pregnancy & labor (AOR= 2.57, 95%, CI: 1.42, 4.64), being primipara (AOR= 2.18, 95%CI: 1.31, 3.48), having antenatal care (AOR= 2.92, 95% CI: 1.31, 6.49), giving birth at health center (AOR= 2.76, 95%CI: 1.74, 4.37) and being aware about companionship during labor (AOR=3.06, 95%CI, 1.44, 6.47) were the independent predictors of labor companionship.
 
 Conclusions:  An ample proportion of participants had not been accompanied by their companion of choice during the first stage of labor in this study area. Health facilities and health care professionals need to provide appropriate evidence about companionship during laboring and allow companions of every laboring woman during childbirth unless the risk of allowing overshadows its profits.
Keywords: companionship, Arbaminch town, and labor.
Perception and Experience of Post-partum Women Towards Birth Companions at a Tertiary Hospital and its Catchment Health Centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Gizachew Kidist , Tewodros Getinet  , Delayehu Bekele
Published: July 2024

Background: Birth companion refers to a person who provides support to laboring women during child birth. Various studies have shown the benefits of birth companions. The objective of this study was to assess the attitude of mothers towards the involvement of birth companions during child birth at St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC) and its selected catchment health centers.
Methodology: The study used a cross-sectional study to determine the perception of postpartum mothers on the involvement of birth companions during child birth.
Result: The study included a total of 393 postpartum women. The finding from the study showed majority of the post-partum women (98.7%) were not allowed to have companions during labor. Among postpartum women 27.3 % has negative attitude towards involvement of birth companions. The commonest reasons mentioned by post-partum women for having negative attitude to this practice included need for privacy, religious values and fear of overburdening family members with stress.
Conclusion: The findings from this study showed that majority of women were denied the option of having a birth companion. The study has also shown the desire to have birth companion isn’t universal among laboring women in our setup. There is a need to understand the socio-cultural values of the community before embarking on widespread implementation of involvement of birth companions.
Key words: Birth companions, post-partum women, Ethiopia
The Early Complications of Induced Abortion Compared to Those of Spontaneous Abortion in Yaoundé-Cameroon: A Cohort Study
Authors: FOUEDJIO Jeanne Hortence
Published: July 2024

Background: Induced abortion is a major public health challenge worldwide particularly in developing country. It is one of the leading causes of maternal death.
Objective: To compare the early complications of induced abortion with those of spontaneous abortion in Yaoundé. Methodology: We conducted a cohort study from November 1st 2019 to May 31st, 2020 with prospective data collection in the gynecology departments of the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital and the Yaoundé Central Hospital. All women who had an abortion and gave informed consent were included in our study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and Microsoft Excel 2016. To compare the different observations, we used the Relative Risk (RR) as well as the Odds Ratio (OR) and the significance threshold was set at 5%. Results: Patients with induced abortion were significantly younger than those with spontaneous one (median age: 24 years [20-30] vs. 28 years [24-32]; p = 0.013). Clinically, fever was significantly more common in induced abortion group (28.6%) than in spontaneous one (6.8%). The rate of complication was higher in the induced abortion group. However, haemorrhage and anaemia were observed in both groups with no significant difference.  Induced abortion increases the risk of sepsis by 4.48.  Some complications were observed only in cases with induced abortion, namely uterine perforation (8.9%), pelviperitonitis (7.1%), septic shock (3.6%) and intestinal lesions (1.8%). In terms of management, induced abortion carries twice the risk of blood transfusion (p = 0.030). The overall post-abortion contraceptive use rate was only 40.9%. In terms of prognosis, the case-fatality rate was 3.6% among patients with induced abortion. Conclusion: Induced abortion, compared to spontaneous abortion, is the prerogative of adolescents. Abortion remains a major provider of maternal morbidity and mortality in our country, where the application of postabortion care remains partial. We recommend a full implementation these cares, with emphasis on family planning.
POSTPARTUM MODERN CONTRACEPTIVE UTILIZATION IN ADDIS ABABA: ANTEPARTUM DECIDEDNESS FOR POSTPARTUM UPTAKE
Authors: Mengesha Abdu , Kebede Eskinder
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Family planning (FP) slows population growth and helps achieve national and international development goals. FP counselling is the first intervention in family planning programs and can be done during late pregnancy. Antepartum FP counseling is not practiced adequately during the antenatal care (ANC) service delivery at which time women can decide to use Post-Partum Modern Contraceptive (PPMC). Women’s antenatal decidedness rate to use PPMC is not known.
Objective: To assess the prevalence of antenatal decidedness to use PPMC among pregnant women in Addis Ababa city.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from Tir 01, 2012 to Tir 30, 2012 EC on a population of women who had their 4th ANC visits in 98 health centers in Addis Ababa.  The calculated sample size was 422; and the sampling procedure was made in 2 stages: Cluster Sampling and Simple Random Sampling. Study subjects were enrolled in a continuous all-inclusive manner starting from the first woman who came on her scheduled 4th ANC visit on day one of the study period until the total number of study subjects was obtained. A semi-structured, anonymous, self-prepared & pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data; and data collection was as an exit interview. Data was entered & analyzed using SPSS version 25 software.
Results: During the routine ANC follow up only 153 (36.9%) have had FP counseling, and the study team delivered the service for 262 (63.1%). Three hundred eighteen (76.6%) have antenatally decided to use PPMC. The rate of antenatal decidedness to use PPMC was higher for those who had FP counseling by the study team compared to those counseled during the routine ANC follow up (77.9% Vs 74.5%). Religion, the round of ANC visit the FP counseling was given, and the number of topics covered during the FP counseling were found to be determining factors for women’s antenatal decidedness to use PPMC.
 
Conclusion: The FP counseling service delivery rate during the routine ANC service is low. Women will decide to use PPMC antenatally if they get a FP planning counseling conducted during the ANC follow up. The FP counseling should include 4 major topics (available types, efficacy, advantages & disadvantages, and side effects of each method), and an adequate duration should be allocated for it. Further study to find out why ANC care providers at health centers are not providing FP counseling service to all of their clients is recommended.
Complete Congenital Heart Block in a Newborn Associated with Maternal Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report
Authors: Henok Solyana , Gilcha Haile
Published: July 2024

Background: Complete Congenital Heart Block (CCHB) is an uncommon life threatening disease of the newborn which leads to significant neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is usually diagnosed early in life and highly associated with maternal autoimmune and connective tissue disorders. CCHB frequently presents with bradycardia which can be diagnosed by fetal electrocardiogram.
Results: This is a case report of a male neonate born with a third degree heart block to a mother with high Ro/SSA titer.
Conclusion: Neonates born to women with SLE have an increased risk of CHD, and an increased risk of having a CHD repair procedure later on. It is important to diagnose, treat or refer neonates with CCHB early for definite management with pacemaker insertion as it helps for a better prognosis and prevention of associated complications, but this is not often possible in low resource settings lie Ethiopia.
Keywords: Congenital Heart Block, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Bradycardia, SS-A/Ro Antibodies
Evaluation of Maternal Near Miss Events at Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Authors: B. Rysavy Mary
Published: July 2024

Objective
To estimate: 1) the prevalence of maternal mortality and severe morbidity (Maternal Near Miss (MNM)); and 2) associated risk factors, at a tertiary referral hospital in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Methods
Prospective data collection of 658 consecutive delivering pregnant patients and their neonates at Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital (TGSH) in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, from February 26-June 10, 2020. Demographic and outcome data were collected as part of a quality improvement initiative using the REDCap mobile app. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to investigate the relationship between the key demographic and clinical variables with MNM.
Results
There were no maternal deaths and 70 MNM during the study period. The median patient age was 26 years (IQR 23-30); 49% of women were nulliparous, and 56% delivered vaginally. Patients had higher odds of experiencing MNM if living in a rural area (OR=3.71, p<0.01) or with a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (OR=2.27, p=0.03). The postpartum hemorrhage rate was 1.7%.
Conclusion
The MNM and mortality rates at TGSH were less than elsewhere in the region. Living in a rural area and having hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were major predictors of MNM events. Multiple areas were identified where quality improvement projects could be developed.
A Postpartum Uterine Dehiscence in a Pregnant Woman with Brucellosis; A Cases Report
Authors: Mohammadbeigi Abolfazl , Mirzaie Monireh , Yazdi Zahra , Asgarian Azadeh , Savari Marzieh
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Uterine Dehiscence (UD) is a rare complication and very dangerous complication of cesarean section (CS). Brucellosis is a threatening infection in pregnant women with severe obstetrics outcomes such as spontaneous abortion, premature delivery, intrauterine infection. We presented a case with preterm delivery with continuing high fever due to uterine fascial dehiscence after CS, who were infected to brucellosis.
Case: A 26-year-old woman with gravidity 1, referred to the obstetrical department at 30 weeks of gestation due to Preterm Premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). After vaginally sonography, the patient underwent emergency CS due to fetus FHR drop and umbilical cord prolapse. From second day after CS, the patients fever increased and Doppler sonography shows low fluid and hematoma in the uterus and evidence in favor of a lesion collection that was evacuated with laparotomy and uterine fascial dehiscence was detected. Moreover, wound debridement conducted and during laparotomy the adhesions were released. The Wright-Coombs 2ME test showed she was infected to brucellosis.
Conclusion:
Uterine fascia dehiscence in lower uterine segment incision is a rare but is a potentially dangerous for mothers. However, preterm deliveries due to PPROM and high uncontrolled fever after CS, are conditions that practitioners should considering the uterine dehiscence to their differential diagnoses. Nevertheless, the occurrence of dehiscence due to brucellosis infection is questionable and require more evaluation.