bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Different Carbohydrate Levels in Diets on Growth Performance and Muscle Nutritive Value of Ying Carp and Scattered‐Scaled Mirror Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Xiao Pengfei , Wu Yunya , Sha Hang , Luo Xiangzhong , Zou Guiwei , Liang Hongwei
Published: January 2025

This experiment aimed to assess the dietary adaptation and utilization of high carbohydrate diets to Ying carp and scattered‐scaled mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio), focusing on growth performance, muscle nutritive value, and nutrient metabolism. Ying carp (4.5 ± 0.2 g) and scattered‐scaled mirror carp (5.01 ± 0.2 g) were fed isonitrogenous diets containing 20%, 30%, and 40% carbohydrates for 8 weeks; the nitrogen content of the three feeds was (5.12% ± 0.03%). After the trail, the final body weight, feed efficiency, and specific growth rate of both carp varieties were analyzed. Results showed that the final body weight, feed efficiency, and specific growth rate of both carp varieties were significantly higher at the 30% carbohydrate level compared to 20% and 40%, indicating improved growth performance (p < 0.05). Crude protein content in whole fish composition was significantly higher at the 30% carbohydrate level compared to the other two levels (p < 0.05) for both varieties. However, excessive carbohydrate intake (40%) led to pronounced liver fat deposition in both varieties, with scattered‐scaled mirror carp showing less severe deposition than Ying carp. As the carbohydrate levels in the feed increased, the essential amino acid (EAA) and total amino acid (TAA) content in the muscle of both carp varieties significantly increased, while the content of unsaturated fatty acids in the muscle significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Gene expression analysis revealed enhanced glycolytic activity (pk1) and inhibited gluconeogenesis (g6p and pepck) in the liver with higher carbohydrate levels. In muscle tissue, high carbohydrate diets reduced expression levels of genes involved in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) synthesis (elovl5, elovl6, and rxrgb). The two carp varieties exhibited distinct adaptations to varying dietary carbohydrate levels. While a 30% carbohydrate diet enhanced the growth performance of both varieties, scattered‐scaled mirror carp demonstrated higher growth efficiency, whereas Ying carp excelled in maintaining muscle nutrient quality, particularly regarding PUFAs and amino acid composition. These findings suggest that carbohydrate levels in feed should be optimized based on the specific goals of aquaculture, whether prioritizing rapid growth or improved muscle nutrition. Moreover, variations in the expression of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism between the two varieties influenced their metabolic responses, offering insights for designing variety‐specific feeding strategies to support sustainable aquaculture practices.
Hepato‐Renal Damage of Hyaluronic Acid on the African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Sabra Mahmoud S. , Salaah Sally M. , Kotob Mohamed H. , Gazzar Walaa Bayoumie El , Farag Amina A. , Idriss Shaimaa K. A. , Anwari Esraa A. , Hamed Mohamed , Samir Nesma M. , Lee Jae-Seong , Sayed Alaa El-Din H. , Khalil Nasser S. Abou
Published: January 2025

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a versatile polysaccharide with a broad range of biological, pharmacological, and therapeutic applications due to its anti‐inflammatory properties, low immunogenicity, natural breakdown, compatibility with live tissue, and capacity to promote cell growth and specialization. However, the potential negative effects of HA on aquatic ecosystems, especially fish, have not been fully investigated. This study examines for the first time the potential physiological, immunological, and histological effects of HA in African catfish, as well as the long‐term implications following recovery. Four groups, totaling 24 African catfish in triplicate, were subjected to varying concentrations of HA (500–100,000 µg/L) over a 15‐day exposure period, followed by a 15‐day recuperation phase, leading to physiological changes dependent on the dosage. The electrolyte levels in the plasma and the equilibrium of redox processes were significantly upset by exposure to HÀ. Fish exposed to high HA concentrations displayed dose‐dependent declines in immunological function and antioxidant enzymes. Only the fish exposed to modest doses of HA showed complete recovery when compared to the control fish, indicating that exposure to HA resulted in irreversible alterations. The histological investigations showed a number of dosage‐dependent pathological alterations in the renal and hepatic tissues, including perivascular and peritubular fibrosis, tubular necrosis, and vacuolar degeneration. The degree of these alterations varied according to the dose. Concluding that fish may have irreversible alterations as a result of high acidity. The present study provides a fundamental understanding of the detrimental effects of HA on fish. To fully evaluate the potential dangers associated with HA exposure and its long‐term effects on aquatic life, more research is needed.
Occurrence, Risk Factors, and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Salmonella Isolates Obtained From Dairy Farms in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Yirsa Tsedalu , Tigistu Alene
Published: January 2025

Background: Salmonellosis is a foodborne diarrheal disease with significant public health and economic implications for humans and animals. Nevertheless, its epidemiological effects and multidrug resistance remain poorly studied in the study area.

Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted from March to August 2022 to determine the occurrence, risk factors, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Salmonella isolates in the study dairy farms. A total of 232 samples (200 study animals and 32 bulk tank milk) were collected from purposively selected dairy farms in the study area. Again, fecal and bulk tank milk samples were collected, pre‐enriched, and cultured to examine the presence of Salmonella following standard techniques. The pure 30 isolates were also subjected to a Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion test on Muller–Hinton agar to assess their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Binary logistic regression analysis in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25 was used to determine the strength of the risk factors associated with the occurrence of this disease.

Findings: The overall prevalence of Salmonella isolates was 12.9% (30/232) across all samples. Among these, 11.5% (23/200) of the fecal samples from the study animals and 21.9% (7/32) of the bulk tank milk samples tested positive for this disease. A statistically significant association was observed between the presence of the Salmonella isolates and the age of the study animals, farm size, bedding, and udder washing practices. The isolates also showed the highest resistance to ampicillin (100%) and tetracycline (96.7%). Conversely, the isolates were most sensitive to ciprofloxacin (100%) and kanamycin (90%).

Conclusions: Generally, the high presence of Salmonella isolates and its resistance to drugs pose significant economic and public health challenges. Thus, it is crucial to implement improved management practices and appropriate antibiotic therapies in the study dairy farms.
A Data Decomposition and End‐to‐End Optimization‐Based Monthly Carbon Emission Intensity of Electricity Forecasting Method
Authors: Yan Yue , Feng Haoran , Song Jinwei , Zhang Shixu , Zhang Shize , He Qi
Published: January 2025

Accurate high‐resolution carbon emission intensity of electricity forecasting (CIF) can assist multi‐staker in timely adjusting their electricity consumption strategies to gain benefits. Few studies attempt to perform high‐resolution (monthly and above) CIF due to the limited carbon emission data. High‐resolution electricity data is easily available, and there is a coupling relationship between electricity and carbon emission data, making it possible to perform high‐resolution CIF. Therefore, the paper proposes an end‐to‐end monthly CIF approach using annual carbon emission and monthly electricity consumption data, which can be divided into two stages. In Stage I, a monthly carbon emission data generator based on the Denton decomposition method is proposed. In Stage II, support vector machine (SVM), known for their effectiveness in small‐sample prediction, are employed for monthly CIF. To ensure that the decomposed data effectively improves the predictor’s performance, we propose an end‐to‐end optimization strategy. This strategy feeds back the predictor’s performance on actual monthly data as optimization target to the generator and uses differential evolution algorithms (DEA) to optimize and adjust the decomposed data. Case studies conducted using actual data from Guangdong Province, China, demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively enhance monthly data, thereby improving prediction accuracy.
Postoperative Axial Length Prediction Model in Children With Congenital Cataract and Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Xu Jialin , Yu Yunhui , Wang Yaqi , Zhang Shenrong , Liu Enze , Wang Wenjing , Zhu Chenyuan , Li Jin
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To develop a prediction model for postoperative axial length (AL) in Asian children with congenital cataracts undergoing primary/secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Methods: Data were collected from children who underwent cataract surgery for congenital cataracts at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between 2006 and 2020. All participants completed preoperative and at least 1‐year of postoperative follow‐up. SPSS 26.0 software was used to analyze the variable factors affecting AL growth and the interactions among these factors. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was employed to assess the correlation between the AL and related univariates over time. The univariate model was applied to build a multivariate model to predict the postoperative AL. Two validation sets were used to verify the accuracy of the formula.

Results: The study involved 86 children, accounting for 148 eyes. The median age at the time of surgery was 3.00 years, with a median age of 9.50 years at the final follow‐up visit. The median duration of follow‐up was 5.00 years. The preoperative and final follow‐up mean ALs were 21.79 ± 1.77 and 23.36 ± 1.90 mm, respectively. Taking the predicted AL (Y) as the dependent variable and the age at surgery (X1), age at review (X2), and preoperative AL (X3) as the independent variables, the prediction model was established as Y = 0.20 − 0.473 × X1 + 0.446 × X2 + 0.993 × X3 − 0.014 × (X2 − X1)∗X2.

Conclusions: This model predicts AL growth in children following congenital cataract surgery and IOL implantation, helping ophthalmologists select appropriate IOL power.
Detection of Rupture Damage Degree in Laminated Rubber Bearings Using a Piezoelectric‐Based Active Sensing Method and Hybrid Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Deng Chubing , Li Yunfei , Xiong Feng , Liu Hong , Li Xiongfei , Zeng Yi
Published: January 2025

Laminated rubber bearings may exhibit rupture damage due to factors such as temperature variations and seismic activity, which can reduce their isolation performance. Current detection methods, including human‐vision inspection and computer‐vision inspection, have certain limitations in accurately assessing the degree of rupture damage. This study attempts to combine the piezoelectric‐based active sensing method with a machine learning algorithm to detect rupture damage in laminated rubber bearings. A series of laminated rubber bearings with varying degrees of rupture damage were fabricated, and 1440 sets of detection signals were obtained through experiments using the active sensing method. This study proposes a hybrid machine learning algorithm that integrates a one‐dimensional convolutional neural network (1DCNN), long short–term memory (LSTM) network, Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithm, and extreme gradient boosting (XGB) algorithm. The algorithm involves using the 1DCNN and LSTM algorithms to extract the deep features from the wavelet packet energy spectra of the detection signals, and then employing the XGB algorithm optimized by the BO algorithm to construct the prediction model. The research results indicate that the proposed 1DCNN–LSTM–BO–XGB model achieved an accuracy value of 98.6% on the test set, outperforming the 1DCNN–LSTM (91.7%), 1DCNN (88.9%), LSTM (25.0%), XGB (90.3%), and SVM (66.7%) algorithms. Therefore, the combination of the active sensing method and machine learning algorithm shows promising application prospects in detecting the degree of rupture damage in laminated rubber bearings.
Supplementary Data from Serially Quantifying TERT Rearrangement Breakpoints in ctDNA Enables Minimal Residual Disease Monitoring in Patients with Neuroblastoma
Authors: Hollander Jan F. , Szymansky Annabell , Wünschel Jasmin , Astrahantseff Kathy , Rosswog Carolina , Thorwarth Anne , Thole-Kliesch Theresa M. , Chamorro González Rocío , Hundsdörfer Patrick , Hauptmann Kathrin , Schmelz Karin , Gürgen Dennis , Rogasch Julian M.M. , Henssen Anton G. , Fischer Matthias , Schulte Johannes H. , Eckert Cornelia , Eggert Angelika , Lodrini Marco , Deubzer Hedwig E.
Published: January 2025

supplementals pdf file
Long term abdominal drains as a therapeutic option in refractory ascites – a systematic review
Authors: Simas Diogo , Gonçalves André , Gomes Plácido , Caetano Isabel , Russo Pedro , Atalaia-Martins Catarina , Cotrim Isabel , Vasconcelos Helena
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Refractory ascites (RA) is the most common complication of end-stage liver disease (ESLD) with a significant burden in terms of symptoms and overall quality of life (QoL). There are limited therapeutic options available for this population and most ultimately undergo serial large-volume paracentesis (LVP). Long-term abdominal drains (LTAD) are commonly used for malignant ascites drainage but not for ascites related to ESLD, due to concerns about kidney injury and infection.
Objectives: This review aims to describe the safety, effectiveness, and impact on the QoL of LTAD in ESLD-related ascites.
Methods: Using systematic review methodology, PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies published between January 1, 2001, to June 1, 2024, combining medical subject headings (MeSH) [(«cirrhosis» OR «chronic liver disease») AND «refractory ascites» AND («permanent-tunneled peritoneal catheter» OR «tunneled catheter» OR «indwelling catheter» OR «long-term abdominal drains»)]. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to the results.
Results: One hundred thirty-nine studies were identified, with 16 deemed eligible for final analysis, including three randomized clinical trials. The studies varied in design, included different types of LTAD, and were generally of low quality, with many lacking statistical power due to small sample sizes. In terms of effectiveness, technical success was 100%, and as long as LTAD remains in situ, no need for additional LVP is required. Overall, the catheters remained in situ for periods ranging from 3 to 436 days. In terms of safety, kidney injury occurred in 17 to 50% of patients, but only if >1.5 liters/day were drained. Infections including cellulitis and peritonitis, occurred in 7 to 58% of patients and were generally resolved with antibiotic therapy and/or device removal. LTAD do not appear to have a negative impact on mortality. Regarding QoL, the data are contradictory with most studies reporting an overall neutral effect.
Conclusion: LTAD should be considered as an option in RA from ESLD in the future, but more quality studies are needed to confirm their safety and benefits in controlling symptoms. This could be an important step in terms of improving the palliative needs of this population.
Modelagem de fluxo aeroportuário por meio de sistemas a eventos discretos
Authors: Dias Edilson Barbosa Guedes , Cangiano Giovanni , Ferro Flávio Silva
Published: January 2025

O desempenho de sistemas aeroportuários tornou-se cada vez mais impactante em um mundo globalizado. A gestão eficiente do fluxo de aeronaves em aeroportos é de extrema importância, especialmente do ponto de vista financeiro, e, portanto, exige que as operações sejam realizadas da maneira mais rápida possível para aumentar a produtividade das aeronaves. Para alcançar esse objetivo, é essencial compreender o funcionamento dessas operações. Com esse intuito, foi modelado um sistema aeroportuário simplificado, considerando uma única pista para pousos e decolagens, taxiways para chegada e partida, um pátio com capacidade para seis aeronaves, além de serviços de solo realizados após o estacionamento. Para essa modelagem, utilizou-se a abordagem Production Flow Schema (PFS) e redes de Petri, caracterizando o sistema como um modelo a eventos discretos. Essa abordagem também possibilitou a programação de um controlador lógico utilizando a linguagem Ladder Diagram (LD). O modelo desenvolvido mostrou-se robusto e facilmente adaptável, permitindo o estudo de casos específicos de aeroportos, visando a compreensão detalhada de seu funcionamento e a identificação de possíveis pontos de otimização, além de facilitar a automação dos processos.
Estratégia de navegação autônoma de drones em ambientes internos com redes neurais
Authors: Pereira Sophia Celine Rafael Alves , Carvalho Fábio Calça
Published: January 2025

Os drones são veículos aéreos não tripulados e sua utilização em ambientes internos possui diversas aplicações, como nas áreas de logística, armazenamento e segurança. A navegação autônoma facilita os acessos, aumenta a eficiência, e reduz custos operacionais. Ao mesmo tempo, esse tipo de aplicação introduz desafios de posicionamento sobretudo devido à imprecisão de sinais de GPS, o principal método implementado em ambientes abertos. Neste contexto, propõe-se o desenvolvimento de uma estratégia de localização nesse cenário baseada em modelos de redes neurais convolucionais, responsáveis por realizar classificações de trajetória nas quais se baseiam as tomadas de decisão do algoritmo de controle do sistema.
Aspirin Plus Rivaroxaban Versus Rivaroxaban Alone for the Prevention of Venous Stent Thrombosis Among Patients With Post-Thrombotic Syndrome: The Multicenter, Multinational, Randomized, Open-label ARIVA Trial
Authors: Barco Stefano , Jalaie Houman , Sebastian Tim , Wolf Simon , Fumagalli Riccardo M. , Lichtenberg Michael , Zeller Thomas , Erbel Christian , Schlager Oliver , Kucher Nils
Published: January 2025

Background: In patients with post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), stent recanalization of iliofemoral veins or the inferior vena cava can restore venous patency and improve functional outcomes. The risk of stent thrombosis is particularly increased during the first 6 months after intervention. The ARIVA trial tested whether daily aspirin 100 mg plus rivaroxaban 20 mg is superior to rivaroxaban 20 mg alone to prevent stent thrombosis within 6 months after stent placement for PTS.

Methods: In this multinational, academic, open-label, independently adjudicated trial, patients with a Villalta score >4 points, a stenosis or occlusion of the inferior vena cava, iliac veins, or common femoral vein, successfully treated with venous stent placement, were randomized in a 1:1 fashion to the study groups. Key exclusion criteria included age <18 or >75 years, contraindications to anticoagulant use or acute venous thrombosis <3 months. The primary efficacy outcome was the composite of no occlusion in the treated segment assessed at serial duplex ultrasound examinations or no re-intervention needed to maintain patency within 6 months. Secondary outcomes, including Villalta score, quality of life, and safety outcomes were also assessed. The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04128956).

Results: From 2020 through 2022, 172 patients were screened, 169 randomized and 162 included in the full analysis set, receiving either aspirin plus rivaroxaban (n=80) or rivaroxaban alone (n=82) for six months. Mean age was 42.8 (standard deviation 14.7) years, 103 (60.9%) patients were women, 154 (97.5%) were Caucasian, and leg ulcers were present in 7% patients. The primary patency rate at six months was 94.8% vs. 92.4% (absolute risk difference: 2.4%; 95 %CI -13.6%; +18.0%), respectively. The mean decrease in the Villalta score for the affected leg (without ulcer) from baseline to 6 months was -6.7 (SD 4.4) and -7.0 (SD 5.2) points (p-value 0.36), respectively. There were no differences in other outcomes or quality of life at 6 months. No major bleeding occurred.

Conclusions: The overall primary patency rate during the first six months following endovascular intervention for PTS was higher than expected and comparable between patients receiving aspirin combined with rivaroxaban and those receiving rivaroxaban alone.
Wrightia nuichuaensis (Apocynaceae), a new species from southern Vietnam
Authors: TAGANE SHUICHIRO , DANG VAN-SON , TRUONG BA VUONG , NGUYEN QUOC BAO , PHAM QUOC TRONG , NGUYEN TRAN VY , YAMAMOTO TAKENORI , KONGXAISAVATH DEUANTA , SOULADETH PHETLASY
Published: January 2025

N/A
A new species of Hohenbuehelia in Nakhon Phanom, northeastern Thailand
Authors: SOMRITHIPOL SAYANH , PINRUAN UMPAWA , SOMMAI SUJINDA , KHAMSUNTORN PHONGSAWAT , LUANGSA-ARD J. JENNIFER
Published: January 2025

Hohenbuehelia nakhonphanomensis, collected from wood in a tropical dry dipterocarp forest in Nakhon Phanom Province, northeastern Thailand, is described as a new species, based on its distinctive morphology and phylogeny. The fungus is characterized by a whitish dimidiate pileus, subglobose to obovoid basidiospores, and possession of small thick-walled cystidia without encrusted crystals that are embedded in the hymenium of a lamella beside the large crystal-encrusted projecting from the hymenium (metuloids), together with the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS), the Large subunit of the ribosomal DNA (LSU), and Elongation Factor 1-alpha (tef-1) sequences. Comparisons between this fungus to morphologically and phylogenetically related species are also discussed.
A new species of Habenaria (Orchideae, Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) from the Amazon and Orinoco regions of Colombia and Venezuela
Authors: LOZANO-CIFUENTES DAVID , RÍOS-CERVERA JORGE , CRUZ-LUSTRE GABRIELA , BATISTA JOÃO A. N.
Published: January 2025

Habenaria granitica, a new species from Colombia and Venezuela is described, illustrated, and compared with morphologically similar or previously misidentified taxa. All known records are from the Amazon and Orinoco regions, indicating that the species is restricted to these areas, where it invariably grows associated with granite outcrops, amid areas of savanna or lowland moist forests. Habenaria granitica has been known since 1957, but was mainly misidentified with H. dusenii, from which it differs by shorter pedicel (9.8–10.4 mm long vs. 15–28 mm long), shorter spur (21–26 mm long vs. 29–39 mm long), separate pollinaria (vs. joined by viscidium), vegetative morphology, with patent and usually basal leaves (vs. distributed along the stem and adpressed to it), geographic distribution and for growing in granite outcrops (vs. wet meadows). Habenaria granitica adds yet another species endemic to the granite outcrops of the Orinoco and Amazon basins in Colombia and Venezuela.
Not Rocket Science: A Pragmatic Checklist to Assess Readiness for Oral Feeding in Very Preterm Infants
Authors: Dinaraj Archana , Joy Anju , Pournami Femitha , Prabhakar Jyothi , Jain Naveen
Published: January 2025

Background and Rationale

Successful transition to oral feeding is a crucial milestone for preterm infants. Our unit uses a pragmatic 5-point checklist to assess the readiness of preterm infants for oral feeding.

Methods

This prospective observational study included very preterm infants (<32 weeks at birth). They were assessed for readiness at ≥33 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA), and pre-defined physiological stability for oral feed readiness. Oral feeds were started when all parameters of the checklist were satisfied. The proportion of those who succeeded (measured as no apnoea/choking on oral feed for 48 hours) after commencement of transitioning from orogastric to oral feeds was measured, weight gain over 1 week and PMA at attainment of full oral feeds were also analysed.

Results

Thirty-three eligible neonates were included, of which 26(78.8%) had no apnoea/choking within the first 48 hours of transition. Twelve infants needed to be reassessed since they ‘failed’ the first time over. The median PMA of attainment of full oral feeds was 34(34,37) weeks, weight gain over 1 week of oral feeds was 145(117,170) g. Among risk factors analysed for choking, stress signs during non-nutritive sucking [RR6(1.7–20.1), P = .002], those with initial sick newborn period (FiO2 need>0.3 beyond 72 hours/any inotrope need)[RR9.2(1.2–68.1), P = .004], and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) [RR4.2(1.3–13.3)], P = .02] were significant.

Conclusion

The transition to oral feeding of preterm neonates can be assessed by a practicable, easy-to-use scale; it predicted success in 78.8% infants. Those who were initially sick exhibited stress signs on assessment and BPD infants can be transitioned with due caution and monitored for choking events more closely.
Patient Perceptions of an Intervention for Cancer Distress and Traumatic Stress Symptoms: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Rhudy Lori M. , Donovan Kristine A. , Foster Renee , Perlman Adam , Spaulding Aaron , Niazi Shehzad , Tofthagen Cindy
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to explore contextual elements of the cancer experience that are consistently distressing and/or psychologically traumatic, as well as explore perceptions of Accelerated Resolution Therapy® (ART®) and its influence on the cancer experience. Using a qualitative descriptive design, semi-structured interviews were completed by 12 participants following the completion of ART. Interview data were analyzed using content analysis to identify major themes and patterns. Four themes included: (a) Cancer as the straw that broke the camel’s back, (b) ART® is different from previous therapy, (c) Don’t need to always be looking in the rearview mirror, and (d) Importance of early psychological intervention. Participants perceived that ART® was different and potentially more effective than other types of therapy they had previously received. Results support the diagnosis of cancer and the cumulative effects of previous life events and cancer-related stressors as traumatic events.
Preoperative hand therapy instructions do not improve short-term outcomes in carpal tunnel and trigger finger surgery
Authors: Kalimian Tal , Rogev Granit Neta , Zeliger Natalya , Farkash Uri
Published: January 2025

The impact of preoperative structured instructions by a hand therapist on recovery after carpal tunnel and trigger finger releases was assessed in 87 patients. No significant differences in recovery, satisfaction, or outcomes were found, suggesting limited benefit.
Influence of tool micro-texturing, cooling conditions and cutting conditions on workpiece surface integrity and tool condition
Authors: Roy NSS Arun Pramod , Rao K. Jagadeeswara , Amrita M.
Published: January 2025

Improving cutting tool life is very crucial in manufacturing industry. The quality of the finished product is equally important. Investigations are being done to identify different methods to minimize tool wear and improve surface integrity. Micro-texturing of tools is one of the possible methods to improve life of the cutting tool. This work investigates the influence of type of tool: micro-textured, untextured tool; cooling conditions: dry, flood machining; process parameters like cutting speed: low and high, feed: low and high and depth of cut: low and high on surface integrity of machined low alloy steel. Micro-textured tools showed better performance over untextured tools by decreasing the tool crater wear area, roundness error and surface roughness of the finished part. Type of tool, cutting condition, feed and depth of cut influenced roundness error the most. Cutting condition influenced crater wear and feed influenced surface roughness the most.
ALLG APML5: Bioavailability and safety of oral arsenic trioxide assessed during consolidation therapy for APL
Authors: Iland Harry J , Reynolds John , Boddy Alan , Schultz Hayley B , Khoo Liane , Fleming Shaun A , Lane Steven W , Weber Nicholas , Gasiorowski Robin , Armytage Tasman , Harrup Rosemary Anne , Watson Anne-Marie , Tan Peter , Filshie Robin , Kwok Fiona , Stevenson William S. , Yuen Sam L.S. , Ng Ashley Peng Chee , Rowley Leesa , Marlton Paula , Wei Andrew H
Published: January 2025

The prognosis for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has improved dramatically since the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and intravenous arsenic trioxide (ATO). However, ATO administration requires daily infusions over several months, representing an onerous burden for hospitals and patients. We evaluated the bioavailability of a novel encapsulated oral ATO formulation in APL patients in first complete remission during standard-of-care consolidation. After a pilot study exploring the likely oral dose requirement, total arsenic pharmacokinetics were evaluated in 20 patients after both intravenous and oral ATO 0.15 mg/kg/d, with exposure to oral ATO restricted to the first week in 2 of the 4 ATO cycles. The primary endpoint was bioequivalence of area under the curve from 0-24 hours (AUC0-24), with bioequivalence of maximum concentration achieved (Cmax) as the key secondary endpoint. The 90% confidence intervals (CI) around point estimates of the geometric means of the oral/intravenous ratios for AUC0-24 and Cmax were compared with bioequivalence limits specified by the European Medicines Agency (0.80-1.25). The estimated oral/intravenous ratios and 90% CI for AUC0-24 in whole blood and plasma were 0.993 (0.954-1.034) and 1.030 (0.977-1.087) respectively; data for Cmax also satisfied bioequivalence requirements. Exploratory studies of arsenic species in plasma showed bioequivalence for AUC0-24 with As(III) (oral/intravenous ratio 0.966 (0.879-1.063)). The adverse event profiles of oral and intravenous ATO were comparable for cycles commencing with the IV and oral formulations. In conclusion, this novel oral ATO formulation is bioequivalent with intravenous ATO and offers a convenient alternative for patients with APL. Accession Number: ACTRN12616001022459.
Myricetin exposure reduces PC differentiation in vitro in primary human B cells
Authors: Haque Shabirul , Diamond Betty
Published: January 2025

Background

The process of B cell activation and plasma cell (PC) formation involves morphological, transcriptional, and metabolic changes in the B cell. Blocking or reducing PC differentiation is one approach to treat autoimmune diseases that are characterized by the presence of pathogenic autoantibodies. Recent studies have suggested the potential of myricetin, a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, to block or reduce PC differentiation.

Methods

Primary human B cells were purified by using a human B cell isolation kit. B cell subsets such as IgG memory B cells, marginal zone B cells (MZ B cells), and naive B cells were isolated by flow cytometry and activated to induce PC differentiation. Quantification of PCs (CD27 + + , CD38 +) was obtained by flow cytometry. The expression of mRNA was measured by qPCR. Ig secretion in culture supernatant was measured by ELISA.

Results

Myricetin treatment significantly reduced PC differentiation in primary human B cells and all B cell subsets. Myricetin exposure reduced Ig production both IgM and IgG, in culture supernatants at day 5. Myricetin treatment led to augmented BACH2 expression and reduced IRF4, BLIMP1, and XBP1 expression compared to control cultures.

Conclusion

Myricetin treatment reduced PC differentiation and Ig secretion by primary human B cells. Targeting B cells in this way may be a therapeutic approach for some autoimmune diseases.

Graphical Abstract
A systematic review of the clinical practice guidelines for the assessment, management and treatment of eating disorders during the perinatal period
Authors: Ecob Chantelle , Smith Debbie M. , Tsivos Zoe , Hossain Noora , Peters Sarah
Published: January 2025

Background

Eating disorders during the perinatal period can pose significant risks to both the mother and the baby. Clinical practice guidelines include statements of expected practice intending to improve effectiveness and quality of care within health care services. This systematic review aimed to identify and synthesise current clinical practice guideline recommendations on the assessment, management and treatment of eating disorders during the perinatal period.

Methods

Three bibliographic databases and five guideline repository databases were searched alongside the grey literature. Guidelines were screened against eligibility criteria and recommendations for the assessment, management or treatment of eating disorders during the perinatal period were extracted. All included guidelines were assessed for quality using the AGREE-II tool. Recommendations were analysed and summarised using narrative synthesis.

Results

From the 242 records screened, 17 met inclusion criteria. Guideline quality ranged from three out of seven to seven out of seven. Six overall recommendations were formed from the narrative synthesis of data: 1) Early detection: recognising the signs and symptoms, 2) Assessment and screening: a three-pronged approach, 3) Educating and supporting the mother: the importance of knowledge, 4) Cross-system collaboration, 5) Psychological, pharmacological and medical treatment, and 6) Continued monitoring.

Conclusion

Perinatal eating disorder guideline recommendations were fairly consistent but showed considerable variability in quality and depth of recommendations. Recommendations require further contextualisation, to allow them to be operationalised and implemented within services. The review findings provide an initial framework for health care professionals responsible for supporting women with eating disorders during the perinatal period, and have several implications for policy, service delivery and health outcomes for women and their families.
Duration of exposure to night work and cardiovascular risk factors: results from 52,234 workers of the CONSTANCES study
Authors: Bourgkard Eve , Boini Stéphanie , Grzebyk Michel , Dziurla Mathieu , Ferrières Jean , Goldberg Marcel , Ribet Céline , Esquirol Yolande
Published: January 2025

Background

The cardiovascular consequences of night work are increasingly well-known. Implementing effective preventive strategies, however, requires further investigation of the effects of exposure duration. This study sought to assess the cumulative dose–effect of night work exposure on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among current and former night workers in France.

Methods

We used cross-sectional data from the CONSTANCES cohort to design analyses on 52,234 workers exposed or not exposed to night work during their working life. The cumulative duration of night work exposure was assessed among permanent, rotating and former night workers. BMI, blood pressure, lipids, glycaemia and SCORE2 were measured in health screening centres.

Results

Excess risks of moderate-high SCORE2 were observed for permanent (+ 43%), rotating (+ 72%) and former night workers (+ 101%). Among male permanent night workers, excess risks for obesity (+ 76%) and central obesity (64%) were recorded at five years of exposure and for T2DM (+ 119%) at 10 years of exposure. Male rotating night workers showed excess risks at five years of exposure for obesity/central obesity (about + 45%) and high triglyceridaemia (+ 52%). Female former night workers were at excess risk at five years of exposure for obesity/central obesity (about + 45%), HBP (+ 34%) and low-HDL-C (+ 35%).

Conclusions

The effects on cardiovascular risk factors varied according to the types of night work and within sex groups. Some effects were observed after five years of exposure. These results support the need for early and appropriate monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors among current and former night workers.

Graphical Abstract
The moderating effect of psychological capital on the relationship between nurses’ perceived workplace bullying and emotional exhaustion: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Peng Xiao , Ma Jing , Chen Ying , Han Ying , Zhou Hong , Gong Aiping , Peng Fang , Sun Xinzhang , Wang Xingfen , Xiong Xunya , Li Li , Huang Mengting , Zeng Qingsong
Published: January 2025

Background

Workplace bullying (WPB) is common in nursing profession, leading to adverse effects on nurses’ health and teamwork. Although it has been suggested that psychological capital (PsyCap) could potentially moderate the relationship between WPB and emotional exhaustion, there is currently a lack of direct empirical evidence supporting this claim. Therefore, this study aims to examine how PsyCap moderates the relationship between WPB and emotional exhaustion in nurses.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 1068 nurses using a general information questionnaire, Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised, Psychological Capital Questionnaire-Revision, and emotional exhaustion subscale of the Chinese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. The PROCESS macro was utilized to examine the moderating effect of PsyCap.

Results

WPB led to emotional exhaustion among nurses (β = 1.488, P < 0.001), and PsyCap moderated this positive relationship (β = 0.300, P < 0.001). The group with high PsyCap exhibited lower levels of emotional exhaustion. However, as the perceived WPB increased, the disparity in emotional exhaustion between the high and low PsyCap groups diminished.

Conclusions

WPB significantly contributes to nurses’ emotional exhaustion. PsyCap mitigates this impact, but this effect is limited in organizations with high WPB. it is recommended that nursing managers mitigate the detrimental impact of WPB on nurses’ emotional well-being by both strengthening nurses’ individual PsyCap and implementing comprehensive strategies to reduce WPB behaviors.
Effect of census-based correction of population figures on mortality rates in Germany
Authors: Stang Andreas , Deckert Markus
Published: January 2025

Background

The population figures in Germany are obtained by updating the results of the latest census with information from the statistics on birth, deaths and migration statistics. The Census 2011 in Germany corrected population figures, which have only been updated over a long period of time. The aim of this work is to show the effect of the census-based correction of the population figures on the magnitude of mortality rates in Germany 2011–2013.

Methods

We compared mortality rates (total, cancer, and cardiovascular disease) for the period 2011–2013 based on the uncorrected and Census 2011 corrected population figures. We also compared the effect of the choice of different standard populations in the age standardization of rates on the difference in uncorrected and corrected mortality rates.

Results

There is a clear decline in age-specific cancer mortality among men aged 90 and over when using the uncorrected population figures, which is reversed as soon as the corrected population figures are used. Among women, there is hardly any difference between the uncorrected and corrected mortality rates. The correction of the population figures does not lead to a qualitatively different pattern in the mortality rates for cardiovascular diseases and myocardial infarction, but it increases the magnitude of the rates, particularly for elderly men. Standard populations with higher weights at older ages produced larger corrections in mortality rates.

Conclusions

Even though the Census 2011 corrected nationwide mortality rates without age stratification differed only slightly from the uncorrected rates, there were noticeable increases in mortality, particularly in the city states of Hamburg and Berlin and in old age. Due to the particularly large error in the population figures in the older age range, an age standard that assigns lower weights at older ages should be used for age standardization of rates wherever possible.
IFN-β production induced by PRRSV is affected by GP3 quantity control and CLND4 interaction
Authors: Li Dexin , Cui Xinyu , Li Yingchao , Zhang Qin , Gao Hongyan , Li Youbo , Hou Yanmeng , Yuan Hongjie , Xiao Yihong
Published: January 2025

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most harmful pathogens in the swine industry. Our previous studies demonstrated that the small extracellular domain (ECL2) of CLDN4 effectively blocks PRRSV infection. In this study, we explored the in vivo administration of swine ECL2 (sECL2) and found that it blocked HP-PRRSV infection and alleviated histopathological changes in organs. Notably, sECL2 stimulated cytokine production in the lungs. We observed that CLDN4 upregulated the expression of IFN-β at low doses of GP3. While high doses of GP3 inhibited the activity of the IFN-β promotor, regardless of whether CLDN4 was present. GP3 also downregulated IFN-β by decreasing the phosphorylation of TBK1 and IRF3. These findings highlight functional differences in GP3 under quantity control, which account for the variations in IFN-β induction during the early and late stages of infection. Our results indicate that sECL2 is a promising candidate drug for developing treatments to control PRRS.
Navigating secure storage requirements for EUDI Wallets: a review paper
Authors: Ebadi Ansaroudi Zahra , Sciarretta Giada , De Maria Andrea , Ranise Silvio
Published: January 2025

The European Digital Identity Wallet (EUDI Wallet) plays a pivotal role in shaping digital identity across the EU, necessitating a secure storage solution compliant with eIDAS2 regulation. In this study, we first analyze mobile secure storage solutions for the EUDI Wallet, identifying any gaps between current offerings and the EUDI Wallet’s requirements. Our analysis indicates a significant shortfall in the availability of mobile native solutions, with only approximately 10.5% of mobile phones in the Italian market currently adhering to the stringent requirements mandated by eIDAS2. Consequently, we explore and evaluate alternative design solutions in terms of their feasibility and integration potential.
From Shallow to Deep: Enhancing Seismic Resolution with Weak Supervision
Authors: Liu Dawei , He Yijie , Wang Xiaokai , Sacchi Mauricio D. , Chen Wenchao , Du Guanghong , Zhang Mengbo
Published: January 2025

High-resolution seismic data are crucial for accurately identifying subsurface geological formations and reservoir properties. However, as widely observed in both prestack and poststack data, seismic wave attenuation often leads to a gradual decrease in resolution with depth. This degradation leads to resolution differences between data from shallow and deep layers, characterized by high-frequency energy loss in deeper target layers. The latter could complicate the extraction of crucial deep-layer structure information, leading to increased uncertainty in reservoir modeling and significant economic losses due to our inability to image deep targets with sufficient resolution. Traditional methods with simplified assumptions about this nonlinear attenuation hinder modeling geological complexity and variability. Deep learning methods excel at capturing complex, nonlinear relationships but often rely heavily on scarce and costly paired labels for supervised learning. As a result, deep learning without requiring paired labels for seismic resolution enhancement has become a key research focus. This study explores a method to enhance 3D seismic data resolution using weakly supervised learning, leveraging the inherent similarity of sedimentary structures across depths. Specifically, our approach utilizes a relatively shallow, higher-resolution data window to transfer and extrapolate learned high-frequency information to a deeper window containing attenuated responses from deeper layers. Thereby, we achieve enhanced resolution in the target region. A tailored 3D convolutional neural network with a bidirectional cycle structure, custom-designed loss functions, and data preprocessing techniques specifically addresses the challenge of resolution differences caused by seismic wave attenuation. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated with synthetic and real 3D poststack migration data, demonstrating its robustness for regions near the target layer. Compared to conventional spectral whitening, our approach leverages intrinsic data characteristics more adaptively and robustly, making geological structures more discernible.#xD;
The impact of social distancing on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide study of 4.6 million Danish adults
Authors: Geest Andreas , Bonnesen Barbara , Jordan Alexander , Tønnesen Louise , Rømer Valdemar , Ulrik Charlotte S. , Harboe Zitta , Eklöf Josefin , Sivapalan Pradeesh , Jensen Jens-Ulrik Stæhr
Published: January 2025

Background

Current knowledge on psychiatric illness following periods of social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic is mostly limited to smaller studies in selected populations. This nationwide study of all 4.6 million Danish adults examined if periods of social distancing were associated with changes in surrogate measures of mental health.

Methods

All Danish adults (≥18 years) were included and rates of collection of antidepressant prescriptions, psychiatric hospital admissions, and suicide or suicide attempts for the periods March 12, 2020–May 20, 2020 (lockdown period 1), and December 21, 2020–March 1, 2021 (lockdown period 2), were compared to corresponding periods 1 year prior. Individuals were censored due to death or SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results

Antidepressant consumption increased for both period 1 and period 2, with an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.02, p < 0.001) and IRR 1.08 (95% CI: 1.08–1.09, p < 0.001) respectively, compared to the control periods. Psychiatric hospitalization rates decreased significantly, with an IRR of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.63–0.66, p < 0.001) for period 1, and IRR 0.86 (95% CI: 0.84–0.88, p < 0.001) for period 2. The risk of suicide did not increase in period 1, IRR 0.96 (95% CI: 0.82–1.13, p = 0.64), but seemed increased during period 2, IRR 1.19 (95% CI: 1.02–1.38, p = 0.03).

Conclusion

Periods of social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with an increase of antidepressant consumption, but decreased rates of psychiatric hospitalization. Suicide risk seemed increased during the second lockdown period.