bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CD8 encephalitis in an HIVinfected patient undergoing regular antiretroviral therapy: a case report
Authors: Montano Saul Didmar Alquez , Albuquerque Filho José Marcos Vieira de
Published: December 2021

CD8 + encephalitis, and a destructive complication of HIV, that produces severe brain damage, described in patients regularly using antiretroviral therapy. It arises by viral propagation in mononuclear phagocytes leads to persistent activation of CD8 + lymphocytes. It produces demyelinating lesions, brain infiltration by CD8 + lymphocytes, and vessel hyalinization. Magnetic resonance imaging is characterized by a large area of demyelination with a mass effect and enhancement of the ring in the image. In spite of being a potentially fatal picture, it has treatment. Case report: female patient, 43 years old, with decreased strength in MSD. HIV + for 14 years on regular use of ART (Atazanavir, Tenofovir + Lamivudine and Ritonavir), CD4 +> 400 and undetectable viral load for 3 years, Alcoholist (1-2 cans beer / day). It evolved rapidly with weakness of the right hemibody, tonic-clonic seizure, inattention, and decreased level of consciousness. Liquor- cells 21 (lymphomonocyte), analysis for viruses, bacteria, mycobacteria, and negative fungus. SARS-CoV-2 detection, Blood cultures: HTLV-I and II Antibodies screening, Serology for B and C viruses - negative. WBC: 11,600 lymphocytes 27.9%. Treated with pulse therapy with 1g for 5 days. He evolved with an improvement in the level of attention, managing to walk again without help, and remission of seizures. Discharged from hospital with oral prednisone Conclusions: CD8 + encephalitis is associated with HIV despite satisfactory control rates. With an exacerbated brain immune response, there is bilateral hypersignal in the FLAIR, punctiform or linear foci of perivascular enhancements are very suggestive. At the beginning it can manifest itself as acute or subacute neurological decline, the response to corticosteroids is dramatic.
Renin-Angiotensin System 24 hours after mild traumatic brain injury: a case- control study
Authors: Furlam Tiago de Oliveira , Silva Ewelin Wasner Machado da , Roque Isadora Gonçalves , Vianna Pedro Parenti , Oliveira Rafael Arantes de , Barros João Luis Vieira Monteiro de , Cardoso Maíra Glória de Freitas , Faleiro Rodrigo Moreira , Souza Leonardo Cruz de , Miranda Aline Silva de
Published: December 2021

Background: The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) has been associated with several neuropathologies, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). Objectives: Assess the relationship between RAS and mild TBI within 24 hours after trauma. Design and setting: A case-control study developed by the Federal University of Minas Gerais and conducted at the Hospital João XXIII, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Sociodemographic data and blood samples were collected from 52 individuals, of whom 28 suffered mild TBI in the 24 hours prior to collection and 24 healthy individuals made up the control group. The serum was used to measure the components of the RAS. Results: There were no significant sociodemographic differences between groups regarding to sex and age (p=0.782; p=0.077). Of the experimental group, 15 individuals reported loss of consciousness and 11 reported previous TBI. The experimental group showed significantly higher concentrations of angiotensin II (p=0.0234) and angiotensin-(1-7) (p=0.0225) and significantly lower concentrations of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) (p=0.0004) and ACE2 (p=0.0047). Conclusion: RAS seems to be involved in the pathophysiology of the hyperacute phase of mild TBI and the study of its components may contribute to identify prognostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for patients victims of TBI.
Cognitive impairment and mood disorder in the subacute phase of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Oliveira Rafael Arantes , Mourão Aline Mansueto , Miranda Aline Silva de , Rocha Emanuelle Lamas , Gomes Ester Cristina Pascoal , Souza Leonardo Cruz de , Cardoso Maíra Glória da Freitas , Souza Maria de Fatima Dias de , Xavier Larissa Batista , Soyombo Nicholas Kayode da Silva , Torres Rodrigo Espíndula
Published: December 2021

Background: Ischemic strokes (IS) patients usually present cognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders. Studies describe this coexistence in the chronic phase, although alterations may relate with acute damage to emotion and cognition circuits Objectives: Assess cognitive and psychiatric symptoms during the subacute phase of IS. Design and setting: A prospective study, screening patients admitted in the Stroke Unit of Hospital Municipal Odilon Behrens, in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Adults with acute IS and healthy controls were submitted to neuropsychological tests between 30 and 60 days after the event. Incidental, immediate and working memory, learning, late recall, recognition, phonemic verbal fluency, attention and facial emotion recognition were evaluated. Results: Eighteen patients were evaluated in the subacute phase, and twenty-one participants composed the control group, showing no socioeconomic differences between them. There was significant difference in immediate memory (p <0,01), late recall (p<0,05) and recognition (p<0,03) tests from the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery, and in the depression subscale from Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (p <0,04). Although there was no significant difference in Facial Emotion Recognition Test (p=0,745), the expression of sadness positively correlated with levels of anxiety (rho=0,587, p<0,05) and depression (rho=0,598, p<0,01), while the expression of fear negatively correlated with depressive symptoms (rho=0,481, p<0,05). Conclusion: Cognitive deficits and psychiatric symptoms in the subacute phase of IS are probably associated with memory impairments. Furthermore, depression and anxiety symptoms may influence the emotion recognition.
Hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke: a single-center crosssectional study
Authors: Lopes Rônney Pinto , Maia Matheus Gonçalves , Silva Lohana Santana Almeida da , Freitas Luiza Ramos de , Mendes Natalia Trombini , Freitas Paulo Henrique Maia de , Albuquerque Tamara Melissa Zavadzki , Gagliardi Vivian Dias Baptista , Gagliardi Rubens José
Published: December 2021

Background: Intravenous thrombolysis is the standard medical treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) within 4.5 hours of symptom onset, and symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation (sHT) is the most feared complication of this treatment. Objective: To describe the prevalence, risk factors, treatment and outcome of sHT. Design and setting: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study in a quaternary care hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Methods: We reviewed 90 records of patients with AIS submitted to thrombolysis from March 2018 to February 2020. Evaluation of brain imaging after thrombolysis and the treatment initiated after detection of hemorrhage were made. Results: The overall prevalence of HT was 18.9% (n = 17, mean age 69.4±14.6 years, 58.8% males) and 8.9% (n = 8) of sHT. The most prevalent comorbidities were renal impairment (82%), hypertension (76.4%), diabetes mellitus (35.2%), atrial fibrillation (35.2%) and smoking (35.2%). The median baseline NIHSS score was 17. The most prevalent radiological classification of post-thrombolysis HT was class 2 (41.1%) from the Heidelberg Bleeding Classification. Cryoprecipitate and tranexamic acid were administered in 11.8% (n = 2). The mortality rate for HT was 35.3% (n = 6). Antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy was initiated after a mean of 24.6 days from HT diagnosis and there was no stroke recurrence at 90 days. Conclusion: We showed a prevalence of sHT and related risk factors aligned with other studies, but with high mortality rates, despite being a stroke service. The late initiation of antiplatelets or anticoagulants did not lead to stroke recurrence at 90 days.
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease with Novel Variant: Case Report
Authors: Rocha Isadora Souza , Santos Paola Nabhan Leonel dos , Küster João Guilherme Bochnia , Lizama Maria Angélica Vieira , Giugno Vinícius Riegel , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni , Raskin Salmo
Published: December 2021

Context: Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease (PMD) is a rare X-linked recessive hypomyelinating leukodystrophy caused by mutations in the proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) gene, associated with myelin sheath development and stability. The result is a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes. Diagnosis is confirmed by genetic testing. Clinical features include hypotonia followed by progressive spasticity, nystagmus, ataxia and cognitive impairment. Males are more affected. Females are asymptomatic or present milder symptoms. Most cases arise from duplications, point and null mutations. Null mutations are associated with milder phenotypes. Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may reveal hypomyelination. There is no disease modifying treatment for PMD. We aim to present the case of a woman with a novel variant of the PLP1 gene. Case report: A 38-year-old female presented with 23 years of progression of upper limb tremor, speech impairment, lower limb rigidity and urinary incontinence. She reported abnormal development of reading and writing skills. She had a brother with cognitive impairment, delayed motor development, gait disorder and generalized tonic-clonic seizures; and a sister with upper limb tremor, dysarthria and behavioral disorder. Hypomyelination was detected on brain MRI. Complete exome sequencing detected a novel likely pathogenic variant of PLP1 gene: ChrX(GRCh37):NC_000023.10:g.103041651del:NM _000533.3:c449del, p.Asp150AlafsTer10, heterozygous. Conclusions: The patient’s case resembles a milder form of PMD. This is supported by literature linking deletions and female sex to milder phenotypes. In 20 to 40% of cases with suggestive clinical findings, no PLP1 mutation is found. New studies are needed to identify other variants associated with PMD.
Neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID - 19 and factors related to its neurotropic mechanism: an integrative review
Authors: Lima Thayane Araújo , Santos Filho Cláudio Brandão dos
Published: December 2021

Background: Due to the lack of clarification on the pathophysiological mechanism of COVID - 19 in the neurological system, psychological consequences of SARS - CoV-2 infection are questioned. Objective: To describe the neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19, concomitant with flu syndrome or after, and factors related to its neurotropic mechanism. Design and setting: Integrative review based on the Pubmed database. Methods: A reading of titles and abstracts was done by 2 reviewers of 260 articles, in a blind and independent way, followed by a complete reading, resulting in choice of 16 articles. Using following exclusion criteria: complete articles, publication time 2020-2021 and in English language. Results: From articles read, the following are manifested: acute psychotic episode (68.7%), anxiety (56.2%), disorders related to schizophrenia (43.7%), insomnia (43.7%) and depression (37.5%). The mechanism is multifactorial and may include direct factors of infection, corticosteroid therapy, length of stay in the ICU, female gender and stress due to social isolation. There’re reports of association of psychotic symptoms with previous coronaviruses such as SARSCoV and MERS - CoV contributing to neurotrophic hypothesis. Health professionals have an increased risk of developing psychiatric outcomes and also a high probability of having transient psychosis related to environmental stress, including the socio-environmental element to the risk factors. Conclusion: Despite few analytical studies on the topic, there’s a strong relationship between COVID-19 and neuropsychiatric manifestations, of multifactorial cause, but mainly due to the period of social confinement. Long-term follow-up of patients may provide further evidence of correlation and causality.
Does hemorrhagic transformation in patients with ischemic stroke predict worse functional outcomes?
Authors: Silva vã Taiuan Fialho , Mendez Vinícius Bessa , Abreu Fernanda Ferreira de , Cajaíba Alice Monteiro Soares , Jesus Pedro Antonio Pereira de
Published: December 2021

Background: Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a complication of stroke described as cause of early neurologic deterioration. Previous studies are discordant about the real impact of HT on stroke prognosis. Objectives: to describe the impact of HT in patient prognosis. Design and setting: Prospective cohort with acute ischemic stroke patients from a Stroke Unit, admitted between 2017 to 2020. Methods: All patients performed a brain computer tomography (CT) scan on their arrival and 24 hours later. Patients with or without HT were compared regarding functional 90-day outcome using the modified rankin scale (mRS). Functional disability was considered as mRS < 2. Results: 383 patients were included, mean age was 62,2 (±13,8), which 54,3% were male, 80,9% hypertensive, 33,1% diabetics and 27,2% were dyslipidemic. HT occurred in 11,5% patients (n= 44) increasing the risk of poorer functional outcome in discharge [RR= 1,47; (IC95% 1,25–1,72), in 30 days [RR = 1,54; (IC95% 1,01-1,92)], and in 90 days [RR= 1,39; (IC95% 1,01-1,92)]. Multivariate analysis HT was not associated with worse outcome in 90 days (mRS>2) [OR= 1,01; (IC95% 0,44–2,33) p= 0,987], when adjusted to age, sex, NIHSS, ASPECTS, trombolysis and other relevant variables. Conclusion: Although the occurrency of HT had been associated with worse short-term outcomes, patients seems to recover from disability over time.
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and other chronic neurological syndromes related to alcohol abuse: prevention in people without home
Authors: Rodríguez Derly Judaissy Díaz , Rodríguez Jeffrey Andrés Díaz , Forero Diva Constanza Gil , Díaz María Paula Pineda
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The homeless population has a high prevalence of alcoholism and consumption of other drugs, which also means that they are at greater risk of developing all complications resulting from alcohol abuse. (MILER et al, 2021). The medical attention for homeless population is a device of the Unified Health System that claims social, health policies and the guarantee of fundamental rights (BRASIL, 2009). Methods: Evaluation of protocols and referral flows for the treatment of patients with ‘mental disorders and due to alcohol use’, of the medical attention for homeless population in the city of Petrópolis (Rio de Janeiro), between April / 2020 and April 2021, data from e-SUS, and literature review. Results: The city of Petrópolis (Rio de Janeiro) registered 259 people without home, 84.8% are men, all people are adults between 20-74 years old, 98% are born Brazilians, 92% reported alcohol consumption, and alcohol with other drugs 61% (cocaine, crack, marijuana, solvent, tobacco). There was 3 patients with diagnose of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: 2 men and 1 woman (aged 60-65 years) in the period from April 2020 - April 2021 (BRAZIL, 2021 The medical attention for homeless population approach to alcoholism includes the CAGE and AUDIT tests, symptomatic treatment and brief psychological interventions. aimed at weaning, and the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale Revised scale to quantify the degree of abstinence. However, the majority of users do not want total cessation, generally they choose to reduce consumption (secondary prevention), and later recovery and reintegration into society, highlighting that self-help groups and social assistance have a prominent role (tertiary prevention) (MARSCHARLL; GREGANTI, 2002; LONGO, et al., 2013). Conclusion: Despite confounding / aggravating factors such as social determinants in health, and the difficulties of the health network, the medical attention for homeless population is fundamental in the secondary and tertiary prevention of neurological diseases due to chronic alcohol consumption; complex cases require complex interventions, that is, individualization, adaptation and flexibility.
Analysis of congenital syphilis notifications in a university hospital in the city of Niterói from 2016 to 2020
Authors: Gonçalves Andrea Menezes , Fernandes Carolina Batista , Messias Ilana Rangel , Barcante Stephanie , Morais Julia Sampaio de Souza , Camacho Julia Sampaio Fernandes , Bravo Renato de Souza , Barbosa Adauto Dutra Moraes , Ferry Fernando Raphael de Almeida
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The elimination of congenital syphilis is a challenge in the field of public health worldwide. The failure of previous global plans forces authorities to rethink detection and control strategies, with compulsory notification being an important tool for obtaining data. Objective: To analyze the notifications of congenital syphilis made by Departamento de Vigilância Epidemiológica do Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro (Department of Epidemiological Surveillance at Antônio Pedro University Hospital), between January 2016 and August 2020. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive, and quantitative study of data from congenital syphilis notification forms in Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro from January 2016 to August 2020. In the descriptive analysis of categorical variables, absolute and relative frequencies were used; for numerical measures, central tendency and dispersion measures were used. Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney test and Fisher’s exact test were performed in the R software (version 4.0.3). Hills’ criteria for causality were also considered. Results: Of the 67 forms examined, two were excluded due to duplication, and 48 variables were analyzed. No form was completely filled out, and some data were missing on more than 90% of them. According to maternal data, patients were mostly from Niterói (60%), had an average age of 23.09 years, and were brown (32.31%), while 13.85% did not finish 5th to 8th grade and 80% had prenatal care, but less than half had appropriate treatment indicated. As for the children: 55.38% were female, 40% brown, with an average age of 90.98 days. The great majority (72.31%) of them were born at Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, and not being born at this hospital was significant when it came to being asymptomatic (69.23%, p=0.001); the most frequent symptom was jaundice. Conclusion: Improvement in the follow-up and investigation of the reported cases can significantly decrease this high percentage of missing information, improving the quality of the data. The vast majority of patients underwent prenatal care, and therefore, they were avoidable cases, since the maternal diagnosis in the peripartum period occurs when the chance for vertical transmission has already occurred and caused consequences for the child’s life.
Implementación de una plataforma virtual para el programa académico del internado de pregrado ante la contingencia COVID-19 en el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
Authors:   IMSS Cancún Quintana Roo, Jiménez Báez María Valeria , Teresita Alcoser Bella ,   Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 14, IMSS Cancún, Quintana Roo, Sandoval Jurado Luis ,   Coordinación de Planeación y Enlace, IMSS Cancún Quintana Roo, Chávez Hernández María Margarita ,   IMSS Cancún Quintana Roo, Reyes Gabino Patricia Teresa ,   Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 16, IMSS Cancún Quintana Roo, Jiménez Ramírez Erika Jeannette ,   Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 14, IMSS Cancún, Quintana Roo, Reyes Espinosa Leonel ,   Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 01 Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Torres Pedroza Adriana ,   Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 01 Chetumal, Quintana Roo, López San Martín Daniel Rolando ,   Hospital General de Pediatría No. 07 Cancún Quintana Roo
Published: December 2021

Derivado de la pandemia por COVID-19 que vive el mundo, es necesario que las prácticas educativas enfocadas en la adquisición y el reforzamiento de conocimientos durante el internado de pregrado sean flexibles. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar mediante una modalidad virtual la adquisición de competencias en dicho programa académico, por ello se implementó una plataforma (Moodle) con base en el contenido académico de las seis rotaciones durante el año que dura el internado. Al final del 2020, 68 alumnos (58%) del grupo en línea de la promoción enero-diciembre, cumplieron el programa operativo, de ellos más del 80% lo acreditaron. En cuanto al plan presencial el 100% (88 inscritos) cumplió con él. Al finalizar, ambos grupos fueron evaluados en conocimientos generales, el promedio final para el grupo presencial fue de 9.29 (± 0.27) y de 9.15 (± 0.31) para el grupo de la modalidad virtual. Al comparar la calificación por módulo, se observó que en Cirugía (P ≤ 0.43), Urgencias (P ≤ 0.49), Medicina Interna (P ≤ 0.038) y Pediatría (P ≤ 0.035) obtuvieron una calificación más alta en la modalidad presencial a comparación de la modalidad virtual con una diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Respecto a la evaluación cognitiva, la psicomotriz y afectiva de cada módulo no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas, (P≥ 0.05). La disciplina, la responsabilidad, la relación médico-paciente y las relaciones humanas como era de esperarse no pudieron ser calificadas durante la modalidad en línea.
Mejora del conocimiento alimentario en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 secundario a una intervención educacional
Authors:   Unidad de Medicina Familiar No.7 IMSS Puebla, Puebla, Barranco Cuevas Irma Aidé , Zainos Hernández Dulce María ,   Unidad de Medicina Familiar No.6 IMSS Puebla, Puebla, González López Akihiki Mizuki ,   Unidad de Medicina Familiar No.1 IMSS Puebla, Puebla, Montiel Jarquín Álvaro José ,   CMN Manuel Ávila Camacho IMSS Puebla, Puebla, Reyes Bello Juvencio ,   Unidad de Medicina Familiar No.6 IMSS Puebla, Puebla, García Galicia Arturo ,   Jefatura de División de Investigación en Salud CMN Manuel Ávila Camacho IMSS Puebla, Puebla
Published: December 2021

Dentro del tratamiento integral de pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 se encuentra la modificación de su estilo de vida que consta de: una adecuada alimentación, actividad física al menos 5 días a la semana y el apego al tratamiento para mejorar el control glucémico, por lo que resulta importante educar al paciente respecto a conocimientos alimentarios. El objetivo de este escrito es determinar la mejora del conocimiento alimentario en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 después de una intervención educativa, para lo que se emplea un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, transversal, en 86 pacientes con dicha enfermedad. Se consideran variables sociodemográficas, conocimiento nutricional, y adherencia a la dieta con el instrumento “Encuesta sobre el conocimiento y cumplimiento de la dieta del diabético”. Se determina la diferencia de medianas antes y después de dicha intervención mediante prueba de Wilcoxon para conocimiento alimentario y adherencia a la dieta. Este análisis se realizó con el programa estadístico SPSS v25. Sobre los resultados, se indica que la media de edad fue 53.02+7.80 años. Promedio de tiempo de diagnóstico de diabetes 9.84+6.12 años. Obesidad 82.6%. Prueba de Wilcoxon para diferencia de mediana del nivel de conocimiento alimentario antes y después de una intervención educativa (z=-4.426, p=0.000010) y para adherencia a la dieta antes y después de la intervención (z= -2.043, p=0.041). Por lo anterior se concluye: existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa tanto en la mediana de conocimiento alimentario, como en adherencia a la dieta antes y después de una intervención educativa.
Influência dos elementos meteorológicos na eficiência da geração de energia elétrica em células fotovoltaicas
Authors: Porto Elisardo , Suski Cassio
Published: December 2021

A produção de energia limpa tem sido uma das principais buscas globais nos últimos anos. As faixas de radiação, enviadas através da luz solar, que podem ser captadas por células fotovoltaicas, que transformam a luz em energia elétrica, tornam o sol na fonte mais promissora para as necessidades elétricas dos seres humanos. O clima tem uma considerável importância na captação de energia solar, pois a eficiência de um sistema de células é relacionado diretamente com as condições climáticas locais. O objetivo deste artigo é estabelecer uma relação entre geração de energia elétrica por meio de células fotovoltaicas e os elementos meteorológicos, de poluição, radiação e temperatura das células fotovoltaicas, a fim de definir as melhores condições para ampliação da eficiência das células, bem como proporcionar a redução da emissão de gases de efeito estufa. A metodologia proporciona a mensuração da geração de energia elétrica, a compilação dos elementos meteorológicos, CO2, UVA, UVB e temperatura de placa, a relação entre a geração de energia elétrica e os demais parâmetros e a criação de cenários para análise da emissão de gases de efeito estufa. Os resultados esperados são o estabelecimento de uma relação entre a geração de energia elétrica por meio de células fotovoltaicas e os parâmetros, bem como possibilitar a redução da emissão de gases de efeito estufa por meio da ampliação do uso dessa fonte e redução da geração de energia por hidrelétricas e termelétricas.
Pode o mexilhão dourado reproduzir em laboratório?
Authors: Camargo Paulo Ricardo da Silva , Neves Nataly Mendes , Anjos Marília Ribeiro dos , Barbosa Newton Pimentel Ulhoa , Cardoso Antônio Valadão , Assis Paulo Santos , Pelli Afonso
Published: December 2021

O Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) é um bivalve invasor, nativo do Sudeste da Ásia, vem ganhando espaço ao redor do mundo. Apesar dos danos causados, poucos trabalhos relatam reprodução em laboratório. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar eventual reprodução do L. fortunei em condições laboratoriais parcialmente controladas. As coletas dos colonizatórios ocorreram de janeiro a abril de 2021. As amostras foram aclimatadas em aquários com capacidade total de 30 a 500 litros. Foram observados filamentos brancos nos aquários de amostras recentes. Os autores associam essa substância com células gaméticas. Cerca de dois a cinco meses após a visualização dos filamentos, foram identificados indivíduos de diferentes tamanhos: 0,1 a 6 mm, enquanto os organismos da amostra colonizadora apresentavam tamanho entre 1 e 2 cm. O surgimento das substâncias brancas filamentosas e o achado de organismos de tamanhos distintos, associados à visualização microscópica de forma jovens, são indicativos de possível reprodução do mexilhão dourado em laboratório.
A percepção dos moradores da Mesorregião Metropolitana de Belém em isolamento social em virtude da pandemia.
Authors: Marques Jonathan Dias , Borges Gustavo Batista , Dias Victor Henrique Rodrigues , Aguiar Thamyres de Souza , Sampaio Italo Marlone Gomes , Melo Vânia Silva de
Published: December 2021

No fim de 2019 a humanidade foi surpreendida com um novo coronavírus, transmissor da COVID-19, promovendo posteriormente o isolamento social. A educação ambiental nesse período faz-se de suma importância, pois além de contribuir com a sustentabilidade, diminui possíveis transtornos ao ser humano. Diante disso, foi realizada uma pesquisa com os moradores da Mesorregião Metropolitana de Belém, sobre a percepção ambiental no período pandêmico, contendo algumas perguntas sobre a produção de resíduos, coleta seletiva, poluição e políticas públicas, além de questionamentos específicos como “Quais resíduos foram mais produzidos por você nesse período de isolamento social?”, foram contabilizados o total de 524 questionários respondidos dentro 7 cidades escolhidas na região. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que na visão dos participantes a produção de resíduos aumentou nesse período, sendo que uma parcela um pouco maior da população não faz coleta seletiva, além disso, os resíduos orgânicos e materiais plásticos foram os mais produzidos nesse período.
Sports Infrastructure and Leadership Support on Sport Participation Frequency
Authors: Yerikania Utami
Published: December 2021

The  purpose  of  the study. The goal of this research was to see how leadership support for sports infrastructure affected the frequency with which people participated in sports.
Materials and methods. Tests and observations were used as data collecting strategies. The data was descriptively and qualitatively examined.
Results. The study's findings demonstrate that while Pahlawan University's infrastructure does not meet all of the requirements, it is already usable.
Conclusions. Although there is leadership support, it is still insufficient, causing current participants to underutilize existing infrastructure owing to the civitas' hectic working hours.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Fiqih Model Majalah Anak Materi Thaharah Untuk Peningkatan Keefektifan Hasil Belajar
Authors: Permadi Benny Angga
Published: December 2021

The aims of research and development included: 1) Design a magazine model development of teaching materials on the kid magazines model of thaharah material in class I Public Islamic Elementary School 2 Mojokerto. 2) Explain the feasibility of development of teaching materials on the kid magazines model of thaharah material as Instructional materials in class I Public Islamic Elementary School 2 Mojokerto. 3 ) Describe how much the increase of effectiveness of learning in teaching materials developed and applied magazine Instructional materials of Kid Magazines Model of Thaharah Material in class I Public Islamic Elementary School 2 Mojokerto. This type of research was research and development. The resulting product was Kid Magazines Model of Thaharah Material for students of class I Public Islamic Elementary School 2 Mojokerto. The model of development used the development model of Borg & Gall. The results of the development of teaching materials met valid criteria with the results of expert validation of material reached 90.91%, the validation results of design experts reached 89.28%, the results of teacher assessment reached 92.86%, small group trial reached 92.5%, and the test field experiment reached 90.83%. The average score of student learning outcomes of control class reached 87.22 and experimental class reached 78.51. On the results of the t-test using SPSS 16 with a significance level of 0.05 was obtained results tcount> ttable namely 3921> 2:00 meant that H0 was rejected and Ha. This showed that the teaching materials developed effective in improving the effectiveness of student learning outcomes in class I Public Islamic Elementary School 2 Mojokerto.
Dear Program Director: Solutions for Handling and Preventing Abusive Behaviors During Surgical Residency Training
Authors: Gianakos Arianna L. , LaPorte Dawn M. , Mulcahey Mary K. , Weiss Jennifer M. , Samora Julie B. , Cannada Lisa K.
Published: December 2021

The prevalence of abusive behaviors including bullying, discrimination, harassment, and sexual harassment experienced by orthopaedic residents during their surgical training is alarmingly high. Fear of retaliation and detriment to one's career are two common reasons for lack of reporting and filing complaints regarding these abusive behaviors. The #SpeakUpOrtho campaign recently raised awareness of how prevalent these behaviors can be during orthopaedic residency training; therefore, this Call to Action aims to present solutions for handling and preventing abusive behaviors during training.
Perceptions of the Universal Interview Offer Day in the Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Interview Process
Authors: Jardaly Achraf , Ponce Brent , Balach Tessa , Levine William , Kogan Monica , Patt Joshua C.
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

The American Orthopaedic Association's Council of Orthopaedic Residency Directors recommended implementing a universal offer day (UOD) in the 2020 residency match. Although this decision was an attempt to benefit applicants, it is important to assess how this endeavor was perceived.

Methods:

Questionnaires for applicants and program directors asked about the perception of the UOD and the experience with it. Responses were included from 383 applicants (43% response rate) and 84 program directors (45% response rate).

Results:

Applicant Survey: Most of the students (81.5%) were worried or very worried about the interview offer process. Most of the applicants (64.0%) stated that the UOD decreased their stress. The majority (93.2%) indicated that they would like to see the UOD continue in future years. Program Director Survey: Most of the program directors (83.1%) mentioned that they would like to see the UOD continued, and 86.8% indicated that they would participate in a similar process if implemented in future cycles.

Discussion:

Benefits of a standardized interview offer date include decreased stress and fewer clinical interruptions. Advantages can also extend to scheduling conflicts and over-interviewing. These favorable results, along with positive experiences from other specialties implementing a UOD, encourage the continued use of this approach for offering interviews.

Data Availability:

N/A.

Trial Registration Numbers:

N/A.
Active Control of Disturbances in a Hypersonic Shock Layer
Authors: G. Mironov Sergey , Maslov Anatoliy , N. Kudryavtsev Alexey , V. Poplavskaya Tatyana , S. Tsyryulnikov Ivan
Published: December 2021

The experimental method and devices allowing to realize interference principle of active control of pulsations intensity in a hypersonic shock layer on flat plate in flow of nitrogen at Mach-number M∞ = 21 are described. The results of measurements of disturbances characteristics and results of realization of interference process in the wind tunnel experiment are compared with the data of direct numerical simulation on the basis of full unsteady Navie-Stocks equations.
Determination of Transfer Function of Controlled Object by Characteristic of Closed-Loop Control with Feedback
Authors: I. Bryzgunov Maxim , D. Goncharov Anatoliy , B. Reva Vladimir , N. Skorobogatov Dmitriy
Published: December 2021

The method for determination on transfer function of a system by its response to well-known input signal is proposed. The possibility of determination of transfer function of controlled object by transfer function of closed-loop control without disconnection of feedback is shown experimentally. The method for reduction of order of linear model of transfer function is proposed.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Supersonic Boundary Layer Stability on the Swept Wing
Authors: A. Gaponov Sergey , G. Yermolaev Yuri , D. Kosinov Aleksandr , V. Semionov Nikolay , V. Smorodsky Boris
Published: December 2021

Theoretical and an experimental research results of the disturbances development in a swept wing boundary layer are presented at Mach number М = 2. In experiments development of natural and small amplitude controllable disturbances downstream was studied. Experiments were carried out on a swept wing model with a lenticular profile at a zero attack angle. The swept angle of a leading edge was 40°. Wave parameters of moving disturbances were determined. In frames of the linear theory and an approach of the local self-similar mean flow the stability of a compressible three-dimensional boundary layer is studied. Good agreement of the theory with experimental results for transversal scales of unstable vertices of the secondary flow was obtained. However the calculated amplification rates differ from measured values considerably. This disagreement is explained by the nonlinear processes observed in experiment
The Determination of T-Lymphocyte Percentage in Blood from Angle Resolved Light Scattering
Authors: I. Strokotov Dmitriy , I. Mun Valeriy , A. Semyanov Konstantin , P. Maltsev Valeriy
Published: December 2021

This work shows the possibility of determination of T-lymphocyte percentage in blood by light scattering pattern only. The analysis of lymphocytes was carried out by scanning flow cytometry with measurement light scattering and specific fluorescence simultaneously. The fluorescence was caused from fluorochrom radiation which was connected with monoclonal antibody. The analysis of light scattering from different lymphocyte subpopulations allowed reveal the dependence distribution asymmetry of T-lymphocyte percentage. This method resulted in determination of T-lymphocyte percentage with mistake less then 4,5 %. The analysis by this method takes 10–15 minutes as the same time immunofluorescence analysis takes several tens of minutes. Thus, our method develops a potential of scanning flow cytometry in carrying out bulk hematological analysis.
Physical Principles of Operation of Cascaded Gas Electron Multipliers (Review)
Authors: F. Buzulutskov Alexey
Published: December 2021

The physical principles of operation of cascaded Gas Electron Multipliers (GEMs), their properties and some physical effects related to their performance are considered. In particular, the mechanisms of electron avalanching in noble gases are studied, including those at high densities and low temperatures; also the effects of ion backflow and photon and ion feedback are studied.
The Influence of Surface Reconstruction on Arsenic Incorporation Processes During MBE of GaAs
Authors: А. Putyato Mikhail , R. Semyagin Boris , V. Vasev Andrey , V. Preobrazhenskij Valeriy
Published: December 2021

The incorporation factors of arsenic (SAs) for As2 and As4 molecular flux during GaAs MBE were detected. It has been determined that SAs does not depend on the arsenic molecular forms in incident flux. The correlation between SAs and reconstruction state of GaAs(001) grown surface have been shown. The maximal values of SAs for GaAs(001)-(4×2) and - (2×4) surfaces are characterized by 0.42 and 0.72, respectively. The dependences of arsenic incorporation rate and SAs during GaAs MBE versus substrate temperature (Ts) and incident flux density were obtained
Account of Translational and Rotational Degrees of Freedom of Critical Cluster in the Theory of Homogeneous Nucleation
Authors: A. Onishuk Andrey , V. Vosel Sergey , A. Purtov Petr , V. Boldyrev Vladimir , V. Fomin Vasiliy
Published: December 2021

Analytical formula for correction factor in the expression for nucleation rate taking account of the contribution from translational and rotational degrees of freedom to critical nucleation center free energy is proposed. This formula may be applied to a wide variety of systems. It has been derived on the basis of Reiss correction formula (1998) (with allowance for translational degrees of freedom only) with the contribution from rotational degrees of freedom to the critical nucleation center free energy taken into consideration.
The Obtaining of Porous Strong Ceramics from Nano-Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Yu. Trufanov Dmitriy , V. Nomoev Andrey , D. Buyatuev Molon , Zh. Bazarova Dashima , Sangaa Deleg , P. Bardakhanov Sergey
Published: December 2021

The present paper describes the possibility of strong porous ceramics preparation from hydroxyapatite nanopowders. The as-dried hydroxyapatite nanopowders were uniaxially compacted and sintered. The sintered ceramics and nanopowders were analyzed by methods of transition electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray phase diffraction. The ceramics gas-penetration and hardness were measured. The methods of pore control were tested. The ceramics samples with open equally dispersed pores were received; the pores and grain size is about micron and less. The results are useful for making medical implantate and membrane ceramics with controlled pores size.
Method of Simulation of Diffraction Pattern for Nanosize Crystalline Systems
Authors: A. Yatsenko Dmitriy , V. Tsybulya Sergey
Published: December 2021

The original algorithm and the software for calculation of x-ray powder diffraction patterns from ensemble of nanocrystal particles are developed. Test calculations are carried out. Errors in definition of positions, integrated intensities and halfwidth of diffraction peaks are estimated.
Instability Modelling of the Laminar Round Jet With Parabolic Mean Velocity Profile
Authors: R. Grek Genrich , V. Kozlov Viktor , V. Kozlov Grigory , A. Litvinenko Yuriy
Published: December 2021

Results of the experimental modelling of instability of the laminar round jet with parabolic mean velocity profile caused by the weak crossflow are reported. It is shown, that the jet instability result in its deformation in the form of tangential gas ejections into the ambient space, which immediately folded up to form a counter-rotating vortex pair and decreasing of the jet core size. Smoke visualization patterns of the jet under acoustic effect on it at low and high frequencies are considered. It is demonstrated, that the tangential gas ejections from jet are subjected to secondary high frequency instability. Comparison of the present studies results with results of the known experimental and numerical studies obtained by other investigators are presented.
Brownian Motion and Thermal Fluctuations in Fluid
Authors: A. Orlov Valeriy , V. Panov Sergey , N. Fomin Yuriy , B. Aksenov Stepan
Published: December 2021

The role of thermal inhomogeneities in the physical nature of Brownian motion is proved. By means of phasesensitive laser setup experiments for observation of refractive index fluctuations in various fluids are made. These fluctuations have been detected by registration of frequency-phase variations of laser radiation.
Instrument for Studying Wake Fields Influence to International Linear Collider High Intensity Bunch
Authors: Bak Petr , Bolkhovityanov Dmitriy , Korepanov Andrey , Logatchev Pavel , Malyutin Dmitriy , Starostenko Aleksandr , Tsyganov Aleksandr
Published: December 2021

Instrument for bunch tilt measurements in linear collider is presented. Electron beam probe basic principles are described and method of bunch tilt measurements is discussed. The simulation results of testing beam interaction with tilted relativistic bunch are presented. Main components of the bunch tilt measurement error are determined.
Electron Bunches Wake Fields Observation on Vepp-5 Linear Accelerator
Authors: Bak Petr , Logatchev Pavel , Malyutin Dmitriy , Starostenko Aleksandr
Published: December 2021

Method for observation of wake fields generated by intensive bunch in vacuum chamber is described. Simulation results for electron beam interaction with wake fields are presented. Some observation results of wake fields at VEPP-5 are presented.
Atomic Steps on a Silicon Surface as is Test-Object in Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Nasimov Dmitriy , Sheglov Dmitriy , Latyshev Aleksandr
Published: December 2021

To ensure uniformity of measurements in nanotechnology test-object have been developed. It provide precise calibration of z-coordinates of the atomic force microscope in the sub-and nanometer bands with an accuracy of 0.05 nm on the basis of a system of atomic steps, one interplanar distance in height, at the vicinal surface of silicon. Extremely high precision of the test-object is provided by comparing its values with the atomic lattice parameter of the perfect crystal.
On Nature of Electronic States Peculiarities in Strong Correlated Systems. Reasons and Facts
Authors: Boyarsky Leonid , Blinov Aleksandr
Published: December 2021

Within the framework of offered before two-fluid model of a pseudogap state in Cuprates the hypothesis about a crucial role of inhomogeneities and deviations from stoichiometricity of systems in this state is formulated. The mechanism of occurrence of magnetic states such as spin density waves both above and below of the temperatures of superconductivity transition is offered.
Electron Transport Through Superconducting Nanoparticle in Consideration of Surface States
Authors: Smolyankina Olga , Yugay Klimentiy
Published: December 2021

We consider two models: a free superconducting nanoparticle and a superconducting nanoparticle with electron transport. We investigate how surface states influence on superconductivity and transport in nanoparticle when it is placed between normal metallic electrodes and when it is placed between superconducting electrodes. We show that superconducting properties and transport of a nanoparticle are different from those of a macroscopic sample owing to surface states.
Research of Electrophysical Properties of Silica, Alumina and Nickel Nanopowders
Authors: Bardakhanov Sergey , Zavialov Alexey , Zobov Konstantin , Lysenko Vladimir , Nomoev Andrey , Obanin Viktor , Trufanov Dmitriy
Published: December 2021

The paper is devoted to experimental study of electroconductive properties of silica and alumina nanopowders and magnetic conductivity of nickel nanopowder, comparison with air data is carried out. The experiments showed that silica nanopowders can prevent from air disruption. It was shown also that dielectric compounds (for example, alumina) nanopowders can possess electroconductive properties.
Stability of Small-Scale Perturbations in Differentially Rotating Plasmas
Authors: Chaschin Maxim , Beklemishev Alexey
Published: December 2021

The initial-value problem for linearized equation describing small-scale flute modes in plasmas with nonuniform rotation is solved. It is shown that the differential rotation modifies qualitative characteristics of interchange bubbles such as their shape and the temporal dependence of amplitude. The radial wavelength of perturbations decreases with time, while their amplitude evolves according to a power law, instead of the usual exponential behavior. The radial contraction of the wavelength leads, on the one hand, to the decrease of the plasma displacement, but, on the other hand, to the increase of the perturbed electric field. As a result, the energy of perturbations increases even in the case when the amplitude of perturbed potential stays constant. Small-scale perturbations become stable if the ion gyroviscosity is taken into account.
Calculation of the X-Ray Holographic Lens for the Nanometric Range of Spectrum
Authors: Batomunkuev Yuriy , Mescheryakov Nikolay
Published: December 2021

Calculation of x-ray holographic lenses with corrective spherical aberration of the seventh order for working wavelength 2,4 nm, 4,5 nm and 13,5 nm is executed in article. The radius of surfaces of holographic lenses is determined from condition of maximum of diffractive efficiency. It is shown that consideration of shrinkage of thickness of the holographic lenses allows to correct the spherical aberration of the fifth order. It is obtained that holographic lenses with greatly different working wavelengths can be recorded on one scheme by choice of optimum of wavelength of coherent source. The relative diameters of the obtained holographic lenses are 1:1,1, 1:1 and 1:0,9.
Beam Extraction From a Synchrotron Through a Magnetic Shield: Magnetic Measurements and Simulation of Efficiency
Authors: Bondarenko Alexey , Vinokurov Nikolay , Miginky Sergey
Published: December 2021

A new beam extraction scheme from a synchrotron is put forward. The main difference from other extraction schemes is the use of magnetic shields instead of a septum. The magnetic shield is a multi-layer copper-iron tube, which are located in the central dipole magnets of a pulsed chicane. Numerical simulations and experimental results for the field perturbation by magnetic shield are presented and compared. The calculation of extraction efficiency is presented.
Investigation of Fractional Composition of Aerosol Products of Submillimeter Laser Ablation of Inorganic Nanosystems
Authors: Unitsyn Anton , Vagin Mikhail , Petrov Aleksandr , Kozlov Aleksandr , Malyshkin Sergey , Popik Vasiliy , Peltek Sergey
Published: December 2021

Results of investigation of size distribution of aerosol products of submillimeter laser ablation of nanosized aluminium clusters, carbon-diamond and SiO2 nanopowders are discussed. Diffusion spectrometer of aerosols was used for detection of the particle formed. Free electron laser of Siberian center of photochemical research was used as the source of terahertz radiation. Intercomparison with the results, obtained with other popular methods (dynamic light scattering, atomic-force and scanning-electron microscopy) is presented.