bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear distortion of angle modulation signal in output power amplifiers
Authors: Bryukhanov Yu.A. , Krasavin K.S.
Published: October 2021

The output power amplifier is operated in nonlinear mode to increase its efficiency, at which the signal is distorted more. The goal is to analyze effects of nonlinearity on the modulating signal of angle-modulated signal distortions for single-ended and push-pull output power amplifiers with memory and without it. The amplifier characteristic ic(vBE) is preset by the cubic polynomial. The output voltage of memoryless amplifier uout(t) is found by Ohm's law. And in case with amplifier with memory, the output voltage uout(t) is found by Complex amplitude method with a Fourier series of function ic(t). The output voltage uout(t) is represented as the narrowband process with envelope of the waveform U1(t) and initial phase Ф1(t) to determine the angular modulation law Ф1(t) at the amplifier output. The function U1(t) is defined as combination of in-phase А(t) and quadrature В(t) components. The distortion estimate based on Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). The measurement of THD is defined as the ratio of the RMS amplitude of a set of higher harmonic frequencies to the RMS amplitude of the first harmonic. The spectrum of function Ф1(t) is represented a Fourier series. In single-ended memoryless amplifier and non-cutoff mode, the THD decreases as m increases and THD of modulating signal is {37.6; 18.8; 6.3%} at m {0.5; 1; 3}. In cutoff mode, the smallest THD is {15.18; 5.13%} at m {1; 3} as θ = 140o. In push-pull memoryless amplifier and θ = 90o, the THD is {22.2; 11.1; 3.7%} at m {0.5; 1; 3} which is 1.7 times less than in a single-ended amplifier without cutoff. This is due to compensation even-order harmonic of amplified signal at the output of a pushpull amplifier. In this case of memoryless amplifier, the transistor load is a parallel RLC circuit. The distortion decreases under m increases at first (up m is 1.5), but then rapidly increases (from m is 1.7). This is due to increase of the parasitic harmonics level caused by the nonlinearity of the phase-frequency characteristic of RLC circuit. The calculations show that THD of modulating signal is 3.35, 9.02 and 22.88 % at Q = 10 and m {0.5; 1; 3}, respectively. In cutoff mode, the smallest THD is at θ = 90o and it does not depend on θ at large values of m. In push-pull amplifier with memory, the THD is 2.8, 2.5 and 3.0 times less than for a singleended amplifier without cutoff at Q {2.5; 5; 10}, respectively. The results of this paper can be used for the design of signal processing systems.
A study of association between serum thyroid stimulating hormone concentration and thyroid cancer and also to assess whether serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels are of value in predicting malignancy in patients with thyroid swelling
Authors: Bright Benny , Mathew Joe , Thomas Jacob P. , George Robinson
Published: October 2021

Background: Thyroid neoplasm includes both benign and malignant tumors arising in the thyroid gland. Although thyroid cancer accounts for less than 1% of all cancers, the challenge to clinicians is to identify the minority of thyroid nodules that harbor malignancy. There are a number of well-established predictors of malignancy in thyroid nodules. More recently a few studies have suggested that higher concentration of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), even within the normal range are associated with subsequent diagnosis of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules and even higher serum TSH levels have been found associated with advanced stages of thyroid cancer. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 220 cases without overt thyroid dysfunction attending Department of general surgery, Pushpagiri institute of medical science, Thiruvalla.  Results: In our study incidence of malignancy of thyroid carcinoma was highest in patients with serum TSH concentrations, in range of 3.5 mIU/l-5.25 mIU/l, 55 patients out of 220 patients. Individually, incidence of papillary carcinoma (PC) (36/55 patients), follicular carcinoma (FC) (17/55 patients) and Hurthle cell carcinoma (HCC) (2/55 patients) were more in patients with higher TSH. So, from the study it can be clearly state that elevated TSH can be used as an independent predictor of thyroid malignancy. Higher TSH values are associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma.Conclusions: An elevated TSH can be used as an independent predictor of thyroid malignancy, especially for anticipating a probability of papillary carcinoma of thyroid.
Thinking forward: 3-D printing in orthodontics
Authors: Shetty Shreya K , Ahmed Nausheer , Urukalan Haritha , Nikhil P M  , Younus Abrar , Bhat Ranjan K R
Published: October 2021

Advancements in the field of digital technology has vastly influenced various industries including dental practice. 3-D printing is one such development that has revolutionized the manufacturing industry and has become a subject of great interest in the field of dentistry. With the greatest advantage of 3-D printing being customization, it has become an important tool in delivering precise appliances and surgical guides.

This article reviews the applications and incorporation of 3-D printing technology and recent advances applicable into dental practice, oral surgery and orthodontics.
Herbal mouthwashes for oral health care-A paradigm shift
Authors: Kataria Pavita , Singh Harpreet , Shergill Davinderjit Kaur
Published: October 2021

Herbs have been used since centuries to prevent and control various diseases. Being low in cost, safe, and easily available, herbal medicines are staging a comeback globally, owing to their antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties. In dentistry, herbal extracts have been widely used in tooth cleaning agents and mouthrinses. The present study is aimed at reviewing various extracts of herbal products and their effects on dental health. From this review study, it is evidenced that Aloe vera, Neem, Clove Oil, Castor Oil, and Peppermint showed better results than conventional mouthwashes in dental plaque and gingival inflammation reductions. However, preclinical and clinical trials are needed to gauge biocompatibility and safety before herbal medicines are often recommended conclusively for oral care.
Fabrication of zero-valent iron nanoparticles by green and chemical reduction methods: Application in the field of antibacterial activities for medicinal point of view
Authors: Srivastava Manish , Tomer Preeti , Srivastava Anamika , Sharma Swapnil
Published: October 2021

In the area of life sciences,iron nanoparticles (Fe NPs) have many applications. In this paper, the unique properties of iron nanoparticles as antimicrobials are studied. In this study, nanoparticles of iron have been fabricated by green and chemical reduction method. With the help of FESEM analysis and Zeta size analysis, the usual value of nanoparticles was found to be 10-30 nm in size. Furthermore, the prepared nanoparticles were examined for antibacterial perspective aligned with gram-positive and negative strains namely Staphylococcus aureus & Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, using agar plate method and IC was also estimated using tube dilution assay.
PECULIARITIES OF THE EU`S SOFT POWER STRATEGY TOWARDS UKRAINE
Authors: Brusylovska O. I. , Khakimova V. T.
Published: October 2021

Proclaiming a new world order, the leaders of Western states provided for the expansion of peace and stability by assisting with Europeanization and the integration of Central and Eastern Europe. However, the situation with Ukraine is more complicated. The aim of the paper is revealing of the EU’s soft power peculiarities towards Ukraine. The methodology is based on studies of Joseph Nye and the USC Centre of Public Diplomacy. Both have been adapted and implemented to the aims of the current study. The most important questions are: What makes the EU attractive abroad? To what extent does the EU rely on its attractiveness in its relations with Ukraine? What prevents the EU from more effectively pursuing its soft power policy towards Ukraine?
As a result of this work, it became clear that the EU's influence on Ukraine and in particular on the solution of the current conflict with Russia was insignificant. This is a paradox if we consider the individual characteristics of both actors. The EU still loses to Russia in digital diplomacy. However, in terms of the attractiveness of cultural achievements, the strength of the EU is about the same as that of Russia. The strength of the diplomatic network, its contribution to global interaction in the case of the EU is relatively higher than that of Russia. Finally, the EU's strength is much higher than that of Russia in terms of the attractive economic model, business friendliness, and ability to innovate; by the level of human capital, contribution to scholarships, and attractiveness for international students; in the context of a commitment to freedom, human rights and democracy, and the quality of political institutions. In the future, it is necessary to conduct a study of this phenomenon and find out what affects the EU's inability to use its soft power advantages effectively.
Remembered: Zofia Rydet in the Biographically-Oriented Perspective of the Sociology of Art
Authors: Ferenc Tomasz
Published: October 2021

Zofia Rydet is one of the most outstanding Polish and even European artists of the second half of the 20th century. She left a huge artistic legacy, but her biography still in many respects remains a mystery. The memory of a great artist is often mythologized, and the interpretation of the work after his/her death begins to separate from the original intentions of the creator. These are processes of great interest to art historians and sociologists alike. They can be studied by adopting the methods of the biographically-oriented sociology of art. This article uses some of these methods, namely the analysis of the existing documents, archival research, and interviews. The analysis of the collected material has revealed how Rydet was remembered by those who had the opportunity to meet her, accompanied her during field trips, and talked with her about art and photography. The aim of such research is to try to get to know the artist better, as well as to understand her work and the social functioning in what was a very specific time and environment.
Dietary supplementation of organic selenium to improve growth performance and protein utilization in African catfish fed with different protein level diets
Authors: Darmawangsa Giri Maruto , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Utomo Nurbambang Priyo , Ekasari Julie
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic selenium supplementation on diet with different protein levels on the growth performance and protein utilization of African catfish juvenile. A randomized 2×3 factorial design with two dietary protein levels (27% and 32%) and three dietary selenium (Se) supplementation levels (0 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, and 6 mg/kg diet) in triplicates were applied in the study. African catfish juvenile with an initial average body weight and body length of 27.00 ± 0.14 g and 15.0 ± 0.5 cm, respectively, was reared in 18 units of aquarium (141 L) at a density of 142 fish/m3 for a rearing period of 40 days. Increasing organic Se supplementation level up to 6 mg/kg at high protein feed resulted in higher fish growth and final biomass, lower FCR, and higher protein utilization efficiency than those of other treatments.  Furthermore, supplementation of organic Se also resulted in lower lipid and higher Se concentrations in the fish body as well as higher blood protein level compared to those of the control. In conclusion, the result of this study suggested that dietary supplementation of organic Se up to 6 mg/kg could enhance the growth and protein utilization in African catfish fed with both low and high protein diet.
 
Keywords: African catfish, growth, dietary protein, protein utilization, organic selenium.
 
ABSTRAK
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh suplementasi selenium organik pada pakan dengan kadar protein yang berbeda terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan dan pemanfaatan protein pakan ikan lele Clarias gariepenus. Penelitian didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial 2×3 dengan dua tingkat protein pakan (27% dan 32%) dan tiga tingkat suplementasi selenium (Se) pakan (0 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, dan 6 mg/kg diet) sebanyak tiga ulangan. Ikan lele yang digunakan memiliki bobot awal rata-rata dan panjang tubuh 27 ± 0.14 g dan 15.0 ± 0.5 cm, dipelihara dalam 18 unit akuarium (141 L) dengan kepadatan 142 ekor/m3 selama 40 hari pemeliharaan. Peningkatan suplementasi Se organik hingga 6 mg/kg pada ikan yang diberi pakan protein tinggi menghasilkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan dan biomassa akhir yang lebih tinggi, FCR yang lebih rendah, dan efisiensi pemanfaatan protein pakan yang lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan lain. Selain itu, suplementasi Se organik juga menghasilkan kadar lemak yang lebih rendah dan konsentrasi Se tubuh yang lebih tinggi serta kadar protein darah yang lebih tinggi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu suplementasi Se organik pada pakan hingga 6 mg/kg dapat meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan dan pemanfaatan protein pakan pada ikan lele yang diberi pakan dengan kadar protein rendah dan tinggi.
 
Kata kunci: ikan lele, pertumbuhan, protein pakan, pemanfaatan protein, selenium organik.
DERECHO COMPARADO EN INVESTIGACIÓN Y ENSEÑANZA DE DERECHO EN CARRERAS ECONÓMICO ADMINISTRATIVAS
Authors: Flores Sánchez José Armando , Maglioni Montalvo Ricardo
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo, describe el Derecho Comparado como una de las metodologías contemporáneas que se emplean al llevar a cabo investigaciones vinculadas al derecho, en las carreras de Contabilidad, Mercadotecnia, Economía, Administración, entre otras.

OBJETIVO: Describir el método de investigación de Derecho Comparado para que estudiantes o profesores universitarios realicen investigaciones en Derecho, considerando este método.

MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Utilizando como instrumento de investigación el cuestionario con preguntas abiertas, por medio de la doctrina analítica se describen el método de estudio del Derecho Comparado.

RESULTADOS: Al entrevistar a profesores que imparten materias del área de Derecho en Licenciaturas de Contaduría Pública, Administración, Economía o Mercadotecnia, los métodos que más conocen o utilizan son: Derecho Comparado, Estudio de Caso, Análisis Económico del Derecho, Historia Crítica y Doctrina Analítica. Encontrando también que son pocos los estudiantes que deciden titularse por medio de investigaciones que concluya en publicación de artículos o tesis.

CONCLUSIONES: Son pocos los estudiantes de nivel licenciatura que se interesan en realizar investigaciones de su área, de 300 estudiantes, solo seis se titulan por artículos científicos, 17 por tesis, y solo uno por resolución de problemas o casos prácticos. La gran mayoría no realiza investigaciones por no saber efectuarlas.
LA IDENTIDAD ESTUDIANTIL Y SENTIDO DE PERTENENCIA QUE PRESENTAN LOS ALUMNOS DE LA DIVISIÓN ACADÉMICA DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICO ADMINISTRATIVAS (DACEA), DE LA UNIVERSIDAD JUÁREZ AUTÓNOMA DE TABASCO (UJAT)
Authors: Puig Hernández Pamela , Rodríguez Ocaña Leticia , Banda Izeta Herminia
Published: October 2021

OBJETIVO: Conocer la identidad estudiantil y sentido de pertenencia que presentan los alumnos de la División Académica de Ciencias Económicas Administrativas (DACEA), de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT).

MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Investigación cuantitativa, descriptivo. La población se determinó tomando en cuenta las matriculas de las cuatro Licenciaturas de la DACEA. Con un total de 4,552 Estudiantes (2018). En base a la muestra poblacional obtenida, se aplicaron 354 cuestionarios, teniendo un nivel de confianza del 95%, el instrumento de recolección cuenta con un total de 16 reactivos positivos, mismos que fueron tomados de la investigación Escala de Identidad Universitaria, de Almazán, Camacho y García (2014).

RESULTADOS: En la investigación sobre la identidad universitaria realizada a los alumnos de las cuatro licenciaturas, se obtuvo como resultado que las licenciaturas con mayor grado de identidad universitaria y sentido de pertenencia fueron las de Mercadotecnia y Administración.

CONCLUSIONES: Los estudiantes se sienten parte de la universidad, deseaban estar en la institución, es mejor la institución de ahora que donde se encontraban antes, cuidan las instalaciones, se esforzaron para poder ingresar a la universidad, conocieron a sus mejores amigos en la institución, pero no conocen el reglamento de la institución.
ELEMENTOS DE LA CALIDAD DE VIDA LABORAL EN LA PYME “ALWAYS CLEAN”
Authors: Arévalo Pérez Yesneri , Ávila Aguilar Andrés Joel
Published: October 2021

OBJETIVO: Diseñar una estrategia para minimizar el ausentismo y la rotación del personal en la PyME “Always Clean”. El planteamiento teórico llamado calidad de vida laboral, está basada en la expresión de la opinión del personal, la motivación, acción y efecto de incentivar, con respecto al estilo de liderazgo del jefe.

MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: El estudio se basa en una investigación descriptiva, bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, de corte transversal, dentro de una PyME del estado de México, donde se desarrolló y aplicó un cuestionario, enfocado en documentar la opinión y el desempeño de los trabajadores en la empresa, para la toma de decisión efectiva y correcta.

RESULTADOS: De acuerdo con la estrategia de la Calidad de Vida Laboral (CVL) en “Always Clean”, se monitorearon los avances y oportunidades de mejora para la empresa, Calidad, contribuirá para reducir la deserción de sus empleados y logar su permanencia mediante la motivación y capacitación.

CONCLUSIONES: El aporte de la investigación para “Always Clean” coadyuvará con el fortalecimiento y conservación del capital humano para la empresa, la cual presta sus servicios como outsourcing a una macroempresa.
De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario apegado a la metodología de la CVL en “Always Clean”, se observa que el 100% del personal de dicha empresa, alcanzará un desempeño aceptable, el cual se reflejará en la permanencia del personal.
LA INTEGRACIÓN DEL IMPACTO AMBIENTAL DEL AGUA EN LA INFORMACIÓN FINANCIERA. UNA MIRADA DEL SECTOR HOTELERO DE TUXPAN, VERACRUZ
Authors: Sinforoso Martínez Saulo , Álvarez Velázquez Edalid , Vázquez Patiño Berenice
Published: October 2021

OBJETIVO: Identificar la perspectiva de los directivos de los hoteles de tres estrellas establecidos en Tuxpan Veracruz sobre el reconocimiento contable del impacto ambiental del agua en los Estados Financieros Básicos.

MATERIAL Y METODO: Tiene un enfoque cuantitativo con alcance descriptivo y diseño transversal. Como técnica de recolección de datos se utilizó una encuesta de 11 preguntas cerradas. El estudio se realizó durante el mes de mayo del 2019, en el municipio de Tuxpan de Rodríguez Cano, Veracruz, México. El campo de aplicación fueron los hoteles de tres estrellas, se tomó una muestra por conveniencia de tres hoteles del total de los ocho que existen en el municipio.

RESULTADOS: La mayoría de los encargados de la toma de decisiones dentro de los hoteles de tres estrellas conocen el Costo Ambiental y reconocen que es importante el cuidado del medio ambiente, sin embargo desconocen de un método para reconocer los costos ambientales del agua en los Estados Financieros Básicos.

CONCLUSIONES: Es necesario un programa de difusión, sobre los métodos para el reconocimiento de los Costos Ambientales del Agua en los Estados Financieros Básicos de los hoteles de tres estrellas en el municipio de Tuxpan, Veracruz.
User environment perception in HMD-based immersive virtual reality context
Authors: Pinheiro Pedro Sávio Jobim , Ornstein Sheila Walbe , Shimomura Alessandra Rodrigues Prata
Published: October 2021

Advances in Virtual Reality (VR) technologies have enhanced the possibility of including this tool in design review procedures intuitively for users. This exploratory research investigates the users’ perception of spatial dimensions and apparent surface temperature in HMD-based Immersive Virtual Environments (HIVE). It aims to raise new questions in the study of VR technologies during design evaluation procedures. The case study consisted of modelling the Pinacoteca building north atrium in São Paulo, Brazil, in VR to assess how users perceive the room according to its dimensions and sense of surface temperature (floor, walls, footbridges, elevators and roof). This exploratory study was conducted with 40 first-time visitors at the Pinacoteca building. The results revealed that users’ immediate position and viewpoint may induce different perceptions of spatial dimensions and sense of surface temperature. The first conclusion is that instant distance to viewpoint influenced users’ perception of width of the immersive virtual environment. The second conclusion was that virtual insolation influenced users’ sense of surface temperature despite the materiality. To sum up, the contribution of this paper is the associative study of spatial perception and sense of surface temperature with instant position and viewpoint of users immersed in HIVE.
Estudo das percepções de estudantes de engenharia sobre tecnologia social
Authors: Costa Brenda dos Santos , Miceli Bruna Sarpa , Costa Pedro Miguel Marques da , Rocha Marcelo Borges
Published: October 2021

A Tecnologia Social (TS) desempenha um importante papel ao adotar diferentes alternativas em prol do meio ambiente e do desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico. Além disso, ela promove a inclusão social e a participação ativa da população. Deste modo, é importante reforçar o papel e a compreensão dos diferentes atores sociais sobre TS. Este estudo buscou investigar a percepção de estudantes de cursos de Engenharia de instituições públicas e privadas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro sobre o conceito de TS. Para isto, foi aplicado um questionário online para 399 estudantes e os dados foram analisados à luz da Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados indicaram que grande parte dos estudantes compreendem as aplicações da TS, porém não apresentam práticas sustentáveis em seu cotidiano. Concluiu-se que a compreensão sobre TS para o futuro engenheiro é necessária, pois proporcionará uma melhor decisão na aplicação em causas relacionadas à inclusão social e sustentabilidade.
Quiste de Thornwaldt. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Salazar Minaya Ray , Olivera Susanibar Lizet
Published: October 2021

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 49 años, que acudió al servicio de otorrinolaringología con tiempo de enfermedad de tres meses presentando dolor y rigidez cervical, además de inestabilidad. Al ser evaluada, en la resonancia magnética de fosa posterior con contraste, se observó una lesión nodular en nasofaringe compatible con quiste de Thornwaldt. La endoscopia nasal evidenció una lesión compatible con dicho diagnóstico. Se decidió tratamiento quirúrgico, realizándose marsupialización bajo abordaje endoscópico transnasal. En el postoperatorio, la paciente refirió mejoría del dolor y de la rigidez cervical, pero persistió la inestabilidad. Por tratarse de una patología infrecuente y cuya forma de presentación es poco común se reporta el caso y se realiza una revisión del tema.
Xantoma del hueso temporal. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Salazar Minaya Ray , Boero Zunino Gino
Published: October 2021

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 53 años de edad, quien presentó por un año tinnitus de frecuencia mixta en el oído izquierdo y abruptamente desarrollo cuadro de sordera súbita ipsilateral. Recibió tratamiento con corticoides por vía oral, además de infiltraciones intratimpánicas. En las evaluaciones por imágenes de tomografía y resonancia magnética con contraste, se detecta tumoración sólida de bordes bien definidos a nivel de la unión entre la porción petrosa y escamosa del hueso temporal izquierdo. Para definir el diagnóstico se realizó exéresis de la lesión por mastoidectomía a demanda; el estudio anátomo-patológico reveló xantoma de hueso temporal. Debido a que el lugar de presentación es inusual se reporta el caso y se realiza una revisión del tema.
International Regime Approach in the Development of Indonesia’s 2004 Post-Aceh Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Regulations
Authors: Marietta Nathania Dwi , Sudirman Arfin
Published: October 2021

Pada Desember 2004, sebuah tsunami menerjang Aceh, Nias, dan sebagian Sumatera Utara pasca terjadinya gempa berkekuatan 9.0 SR, memberikan dampak yang melampaui kapasitas pemerintah Indonesia untuk menanggulanginya sehingga Indonesia harus membuka dirinya terhadap bantuan kemanusiaan internasional. Tetapi, ketiadaan peraturan perundangan yang mengatur segala hal mengenai kebencanaan dan penerimaan bantuan internasional di Indonesia semakin memperkeruh keadaan. Dengan adanya Resolusi Majelis Umum PBB No. 46/182 Tahun 1991 sebagai salah satu wujud rezim internasional, pada tahun 2004 Indonesia dapat menerima bantuan kemanusiaan internasional dengan baik. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menelaah perkembangan peraturan perundangan kebencanaan di Indonesia yang terjadi pasca gempa dan tsunami yang menyerang Aceh pada tahun 2004, menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berbasis dokumen dan internet serta mewawancarai beberapa ahli. Penemuan menunjukkan adanya perkembangan peraturan perundangan kebencanaan Indonesia yang sejalan dengan hal-hal yang termuat dalam Resolusi Majelis Umum PBB No. 46/182 Tahun 1991, sebagai salah satu wujud partisipasi aktif Indonesia sebagai aktor di dunia internasional. Walau demikian, masih ada beberapa hal yang harus terus dikembangkan Indonesia untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal dalam menanggulangi bencana alam di wilayahnya.Kata-Kata Kunci: Bantuan Kemanusiaan Internasional, Gempa dan Tsunami Aceh 2004, Peraturan Perundangan Kebencanaan Indonesia, Rezim InternasionalIn December 2004, a tsunami struck Aceh, Nias, and part of North Sumatra following the 9.0 SR magnitude earthquake, of which its impact overwhelmed the Indonesian government’s capability and required Indonesia to open itself for international humanitarian assistance. However, the absence of Indonesian disaster regulations and the lack of acceptance for international assistance had worsened the situation. With the UNGA Resolution No. 46/182 of 1991 as a manifestation of the international regime, Indonesia could finally accept international humanitarian assistance in 2004. This article aims to examine the development of Indonesian disaster regulations after the 2004 Aceh earthquake and tsunami, using qualitative methods complimented with document-based and internet-based data as well as interview results with several experts. Findings shows that the development of Indonesian disaster regulations is in line with the matters contained in the resolution, further exhibiting Indonesia’s active participation as an actor in the international world. Having said that, there are many things that Indonesia shall continue to develop still in order to achieve optimal results in tackling natural disasters.Keywords: 2004 Aceh Earthquake and Tsunami, Indonesia Disaster Regulations, International Humanitarian Assistance, International Regimes
Struktur Anatomi dan Uji Histokimia Terpenoid dan Fenol Dua Varietas Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.)
Authors: Dewi Gusti Puspa , Kuntorini Evi Mintowati , Pujawati Eny Dwi
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the anatomical structure and histochemical test of terpenoid and phenol compounds in two varieties of green betel plants (Piper betle). Making leaves anatomical structure preparations using the fresh method, testing terpenoid compounds with 5% copper acetate, testing phenol with ferric trichloride 10% and some grains of sodium carbonate. The observations of the anatomical structure of green betel leaf varieties 1 and varieties 2 have similarities consisting of the upper epidermis, upper hypodermis, palisade parenchyma, parenchymal sponges, vascular bundles (xylem and phloem), sclerenchyma, cholenchyma, lower epidermis, lower hypodermis, secretory cells, trichoma, stoma and calcium oxalate crystals, and in varieties 2 look more trichomes. The anatomical structure of the variety 1 betel stem and varieties 2 are arranged from the outside in the direction of the epidermal tissue, colenchymal tissue, cortical bundles, sclerenchyma, cortex, medullary and peripheral vascular files, pith, the central part of the stem is a secretory gland. Phenol in betel vine varieties 1 and varieties 2 is positive in the secretion cell part which is spread in the parenchymal tissue of the mother's leaf bone and lamina, whereas in the stem is spread around the cortex and pith parenchyma. Positive secretion cells contain phenol not as much as secretory cells containing terpenoids. Based on quantitative observations the size of oil cell density and secretion cell diameter, the essential oils contained in the cell secretions in the leaves of variety 1 are more than varieties 2 while in the varieties 2, there are more varieties 1.
Analisis Kandungan Proksimat Daging Buah dan Biji Tiga Varietas Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) yang Berasal dari Tempat Tumbuh yang Berdekatan
Authors: Rusmiati Rusmiati , Sari Sasi Gendro , Amalia Karlina Rizki
Published: October 2021

Studies to compare the proximate content of durian fruit flesh and seeds have not been widely employing. Hence, this study aimed to analyze and compare this content in fruit flesh and seeds of three durian varieties from adjacent growing areas. The following methods used for proximate analysis were carbohydrates (by difference), protein (micro Kjeldahl), lipid (soxhlet), crude fiber (washing), moisture content (oven), ash content (furnace). In evaluating the difference in proximate content in these parts of three durian varieties, the resulting data were tested statistically using ANOVA =5%, followed by the DMRT test. In determining the difference in the proximate content between the fruit flesh and durian seeds, the independent samples T-test was used with =5%. All data collected were then compared with the USDA National Nutrient and the Directorate of Nutrition at the Ministry of Health databases. The results showed that three durian varieties from adjacent growing areas had significantly different protein and carbohydrate content (in fruit flesh), ash content, protein, and carbohydrates (in seeds). The flesh part of the three varieties of durian contains water, protein, fat, crude fiber, which is significantly different from durian seeds. This study is higher than the comparison data
Estimasi Karbon Tersimpan dalam Tumbuhan Bundung Besar (Scirpus compressus) dari Rawa Lebak
Authors: Ghani Muhammad Arsyad , Krisdianto Krisdianto
Published: October 2021

The contents of absolute in biomassa or  values of carbon which kept in a wide coalescence is carbon storage.  A valley swamp is a swampland which has influenced by rainwater, either rainwater at local area or around area and headwaters the purpose of this research is to get information about carbon which consist in Bundung Besar (Scirpus compressus).  Determination of the research location will use purposive sampling. The location of plant sampel removal held four location and each location divided into two stations, therefore therewere eight monitoring stations with terrace-space 1x1 m2.  The location of plant sampel is at subdistrict Tungkaran, subdistrict Sungai Tabuk, and subdistrict Bati-Bati. The measurement of carbon in bundung besar used Walkey and Balck method.  The data will analyze with statistic non parametric and the difference of carbon in each station will analyze with cluster method.  The result indicate the measurement of organic carbon in Bundung besar for each station is variably the variably of each station is around 772,651-3042,337 g/m2.  The highest result at station 6 (Tungkaran Village) and the losest at station 2 (Pandahan  Village).
Combination method of accelerated metric data search in image classification problems
Authors: Gorokhovatsky Volodymyr , Stiahlyk Natalia , Tsarevska Vytaliia
Published: October 2021

The subject of research of the paper is the methods of image classification on a set of key point descriptors in computer vision systems. The goal is to improve the performance of structural classification methods by introducing indexed hash structures on the set of the dataset reference images descriptors and a consistent chain combination of several stages of data analysis in the classification process. Applied methods: BRISK detector and descriptors, data hashing tools, search methods in large data arrays, metric models for the vector relevance estimation, software modeling. The obtained results: developed an effective method of image classification based on the introduction of high-speed search using indexed hash structures, that speeds up the calculation dozens of times; the gain in computing time increases with an increase of the number of reference images and descriptors in descriptions; the peculiarity of the classifier is that not an exact search is performed, but taking into account the permissible deviation of data from the reference; experimentally verified the effectiveness of the classification, which indicates the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method. The practical significance of the work is the construction of classification models in the transformed space of the hash data representation, the efficiency confirmation of the proposed classifiers modifications on image examples, development of applied software models implementing the proposed classification methods in computer vision systems.
Üst-Orta Gelir Grubu Ülkelere Ait Temel Sağlık Göstergelerinin Panel Veri Analiz Yöntemini Kullanarak Politik Ekonomik Açıdan İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞENOL Osman , GENÇTÜRK Mehmet
Published: October 2021

Ekonomi ile çok sıkı bir ilişki içerisinde olan sağlık göstergeleri toplum için çok önem arz etmektedir. Sağlık göstergeleri üzerinde etkisi olan faktörlerin ve etki derecelerinin belirlenmesi oldukça önem arz etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmada politik ekonomik göstergelerinin temel sağlık göstergeleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Orta-üst gelir grubunda yer alan 42 ülke araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Değişkenlerin veri türü yıllık olup 2000-2019 dönemlerini kapsamaktadır. Bütün modellerin otokorelasyon, çoklu doğrusal bağlantı sorunu, değişen varyans sorunu ve yatay kesit bağımlılıkları incelenmiştir. Her bir modelin kendine özgü temel varsayım problemleri tespit edilmiş ve ilgili robust düzeltme tahmincileri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda başta Gini katsayısı olmak üzere bir ülkedeki gelir düzeyinin, politik istikrarın, hesap verilebilirlik düzeyinin ve kamusal harcamaların temel sağlık göstergeleri üzerinde önemli bir etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. Ekonomik değişkenlerde artışın gerçekleşmesi sağlık göstergelerine olumlu yansımaktadır. Ancak gelir dağılımdaki bir birimlik bozulma sağlık göstergelerinde daha fazla bozulmalara neden olduğu görülmüştür.
Prevalencia de osteoesclerosis idiopática de pacientes atendidos en un centro radiológico de Ayacucho entre los años 2016 y 2018
Authors: Ñahuincopa López Paul Marcelo
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar, describir e identificar la prevalencia de las imágenes radiopacas compatibles con osteoesclerosis idiopática, evaluada con radiografías panorámicas digitales tomadas en pacientes de 18 a 50 años que acudieron entre los años 2016 y 2018 a un centro radiológico privado en la ciudad de Huamanga (Ayacucho, Perú). Materiales y métodos: El diseño fue descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 500 radiografías panorámicas digitales tomadas entre el 1 de enero del 2016 y el 31 de diciembre del 2018, correspondientes a la población objetivo, de un grupo etario entre 18 y 50 años de edad, natural de la región de Ayacucho, Perú, que acudieron al Centro Radiológico. Las radiografías obtenidas fueron observadas y analizadas a través del programa Romexis viewer versión 5.3, y se anotaron los resultados en una ficha de recolección de datos. La prueba de chi-cuadrado fue utilizada para establecer la asociación entre las variables evaluadas, p < 0,05. Resultados: De la muestra total de 500 radiografías panorámicas digitales analizadas la prevalencia de osteoesclersis idiopática fue del 17.4%, de las cuales el 12% corresponden al sexo femenino y el 5.4% al sexo masculino. De acuerdo a la edad, la presencia de osteoesclerosis idiopática fue más prevalente en la segunda década de vida. Conclusiones: Es importante tener un criterio diagnóstico diferencial claro al distinguir las diferentes radiopacidades como la OI, que se pueden presentar en los maxilares, haciendo un registro preciso de sus características morfométricas y seguimiento en el tiempo, teniendo en cuenta su existencia y sus implicancias en los tratamientos dentales a futuro.
Suitability Evaluation of CCME-WQI and GWQI for the Modeling of Groundwater and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals - Eastern India
Authors: Saw Shivam , Mahato Jaydev Kumar , Singh Prasoon Kumar
Published: October 2021

The present study assessed the suitability of groundwater by using the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME-WQI) and the Groundwater Water Quality Index (GWQI) Model. Six heavy metals viz. arsenic (As), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), and Nickel (Ni) were investigated in the groundwater from 65 locations of Ranchi city by the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The spatial distribution of WQI was established by Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation technique using ArcGIS 10.3. The mystery of hydrogeochemical evolution in groundwater was elucidated by plotting the Piper trilinear diagram of major cations (Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, K+) and anions (HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, F-). Significant fluctuations in the water level during PRM (7.38mbgl to 10.5 mbgl) and POM (4.3- 6.4 mbgl) season were observed in the central part of the study area. Performance evaluation of WQI models indicated that the CCMEWQI performed better than GWQI for assessing the quality index of groundwater with a comparatively higher coefficient value (R2 0.97) and less NMSE (4.34) RMSE (27.38), MAPE (0.357). The health risk of heavy metals via the oral route was investigated by calculating hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI). The HI value was observed maximum for As followed by Mn >Pb > Ni >Fe >Cu for adults and children. The spatial distribution map of HI indicated that most of the studies area are at a non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals. The study provides immense help for water authorities and public health decision-makers to prevent the community's health risk.
Trade Openness and Urbanization impact on Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption in China
Authors: han Jiabin , Zeeshan Muhammad , Ullah Irfan , Rehman Alam , Afridi Fakhr E Alam
Published: October 2021

This study investigates the trade openness and urbanization effect on renewable and non-renewable energy consumption in China for the period 1990-2018. We apply the Quantile Regression technique for the analysis, our results show that trade significantly increases the non-renewable energy consumption in all quintiles while partially increases renewable energy consumption. This shows that trade activities in production and export commodities heavily rely on non-renewable energy inputs instead of renewable energy inputs. Urbanization affects non-renewable energy consumption only in three quintiles, while its effect is insignificant in most of the quintiles. Similarly, Urbanization does not affect renewable energy consumption as in almost all quantiles the coefficients are statistically insignificant. This implies that urbanization is one of the determinant of energy consumption in China. The empirical findings of this study suggest some policy recommendations; first, the government needs to implement certain regulations while expanding trade to minimize the negative effect of non-renewable energy consumption; besides government should provide incentives to industrial units and traders for using renewable energy which may help to attain long term sustainable development goals.
Microwave-Assisted Green Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots Derived from Calotropis Gigantea as a Fluorescent Probe for Bioimaging
Authors: Sharma Neetu , Sharma Indu , Bera Milan Kumar
Published: October 2021

In this study, an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and convenient method for preparing biocompatible fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) by one-pot microwave assisted synthesis from the leaf extract of the medicinal plant Calotropis gigantea, also known as crown flower, has been demonstrated. As-synthesized CQDs demonstrated fluorescence quantum yields up to 4.24 percent. The size distribution of the as-synthesized CQDs varied from 2.7 to 10.4 nm, with a significant proportion of sp2 and sp3 carbon groups verified by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The zeta potential of as-synthesized CQDs was measured to be –13.8 mV, indicating the existence of a negatively charged surface with incipient instability in aqueous suspension. Furthermore, as an alternative to organic or synthetic dyes, the development of simple, inexpensive, and non-destructive fluorescence-based staining agents are highly desired. In this regard, as-synthesized CQDs shown remarkable fluorescent staining capabilities in this work and may be utilised as a suitable probe for optical and bio-imaging of bacteria, fungi, and plant cells.
Performance Analysis of MOS-HEMT as a Biosensor: A Dielectric Modulation Approach
Authors: Poonia Ritu , Bhat Aasif Mohammad , Periasamy C. , Sahu Chitrakant
Published: October 2021

In this work, we have reported the simulation study and electrical properties of MOS-HEMT with a cavity on the source side for bio-sensing applica- tions. The effect of the neutral and charged biomolecules on the sensitivity and concentration of electrons is an- alyzed. The increase of dielectric observed drain cur- rent decreases and increases due to the rise of the pos- itive charge of the biomolecules. The different cavity lengths are taken into consideration to analyze the per- formance of the device. The maximum threshold volt- age sensitivity obtained for keratin is 26% and 51% for charged biomolecules at 500mm cavity length. The ef fect of the AlGaN barrier mole fraction on sensitivity was also studied and optimized. The maximum sen- sitivity obtained is 74.04% for charged biomolecules. The device shows high stability under high-temperature conditions. The MOS-HEMT structure is optimized and analyzed using the ATLAS Silvaco device simulation tool.
Aconitine linoleate, a natural lipo-diterpenoid alkaloid, stimulates anti-proliferative activity reversing doxorubicin-resistant in MCF-7/ADR breast cancer cells as a selective topoisomerase IIα inhibitor
Authors: Luan Shangxian , Gao Yingying , Liang Xiaoxia , Zhang Li , Wu Qiang , Hu Yunkai , Yin Lizi , He Changliang , Liu Shixi
Published: October 2021

Aconitine linoleate (1) is a lipo-diterpenoid alkaloid, isolated from Aconitum sinchiangense W. T. Wang. The study aimed at investigating the anti-proliferative efficacy and the underlying mechanisms of 1 against MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells, as well as obvious the safety evaluation in vivo. The cytotoxic activities of 1 were measured in vitro. Also, we investigated the latent mechanism of 1 by cell cycle analysis in MCF-7/ADR cells, and Topo I, Topo IIα inhibition assay. Molecular docking is done by Discovery Studio 3.5 and Autodock vina 1.1.2. Finally, the acute toxicity of 1 was detected on mice. 1 exhibited significant anti-tumor activity against both MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells, with IC50 value of 7.58 and 7.02 µM, which is 2.38 times and 5.05 times more active, respectively than etoposide in both cell lines, and being 9.63 times more active than adriamycin in MCF-7/ADR cell lines. The molecular docking and topo inhibition test found that it's a selective inhibitor of topoisomerase Ⅱα. Moreover, activation of damage response pathway of the DNA leads to cell cycle arrest at G0G1phase. Furthermore, the in vivo acute toxicity of 1 in mice displayed lower toxicity than aconitine, with LD50 of 2.2×105nmol/Kg and only slight pathological changes in liver and lung tissue, 489 times safer than aconitine. In conclusion, compared with aconitine, 1 has more significant anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells, and greatly reduces in vivo toxicity, which suggesting this kind of lipo-alkaloids are powerful and promising antitumor compounds for breast cancer.
Prevalence and risk factors of burnout among Lebanese community pharmacists in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: Results from the first national cross-sectional survey
Authors: Youssef Dalal , Youssef Janet , Abou-Abbas Linda , Hassan Hamad
Published: October 2021

Background: The increasing occupational challenges inflicted on community pharmacists (CPs) in the wake of COVID-19 lays this valuable human resource at increased risk of burnout.Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of burnout among Lebanese CPs in the era of COVID-19 and to identify its associated factors.Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Lebanese CPs between the 1st of February and the end of March 2021 using a snowball sampling technique. Data was collected using an anonymous Arabic self-administered questionnaire that includes information on socio-demographic characteristics, exposure and work-related variables, and two scales: the Copenhagen burnout inventory (CBI) which includes personal, work-related, and patient-related dimensions of burnout, and the COVID-19 threat perception scale. To evaluate the prevalence of burnout, CBI scale cut-off score of 50 was used. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors associated with burnout among CPs.Results: Burnout was detected among 81.9% of surveyed CPs, where 61% had a moderate burnout and 20.9% had a high level of burnout. Client burnout (CB) ranked first among other burnout aspects (89.7%) followed by personal burnout (77.8%) and work-related burnout (76.8%). Younger age, female gender, being staff pharmacist, working in pharmacy operating around the clock and working more than 40 hours per week were associated with higher level of burnout. Similarly, suffering from comorbidity, having a dependent child or living a family member with comorbidities, experiencing sleep disturbance and high perception of COVID-19 threat were also associated with higher burnout. However, being married, having large professional experience, having high socioeconomic situation, accepting the risk of dealing with COVID-19 cases and having previous history of COVID-19 were negatively associated to burnout.Conclusion: Burnout hits 81.9% of the Lebanese CPs. This alarming prevalence called health authorities to take prompt and warranted measures based on the factors associated with this syndrome unearthed in this study, to prevent burnout and mitigate among CPs in order to support resiliency in the profession.
Mosque as a vaccination site for ethnic minority in Japan: leaving no one behind amid the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kotani Hitomu , Okai Hirofumi , Tamura Mari
Published: October 2021

Ethnic minorities with different languages and religions are potentially vulnerable not only during natural hazard-induced disasters, but also during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their vaccination coverage may be lower, and vaccination strategies should prevent them from being left behind. This report presents the first case in Japan where a mosque, being the hub of foreign Muslims, was used as a vaccination site from the end of July 2021. The targeted mosque was Ebina Mosque in Kanagawa Prefecture, and most of the vaccine recipients were foreign Muslims. The mosque differed from other vaccination sites in that reservations could be made easily through the managers, and linguistic diversity (i.e., the mosque managers and mosque-related volunteers served as interpreters) and gender were considered. These efforts are likely to have removed some barriers to vaccination for ethnic minorities and contributed to “no one will be left behind.”