bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Anticancer Activity of Cannabinol (CBN) and Cannabigerol (CBG) on Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Authors: Kadriya Ahmad , Forbes-Robertson Sarah , Falah Mizied
Published: December 2024

Several cannabis plant-derived compounds, especially cannabinoids, exhibit therapeutic potential in numerous diseases and conditions. In particular, THC and CBD impart palliative, antiemetic, as well as anticancer effects. The antitumor effects include inhibition of cancerous cell growth and metastasis and induction of cell death, all mediated by cannabinoid interaction with the endocannabinoid system (ECS). However, the exact molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. In addition, their effects on leukemia have scarcely been investigated. The current work aimed to assess the antileukemic effects of CBN and CBG on an acute monocytic leukemia cell line, the THP-1. THP-1 cell viability, morphology and cell cycle analyses were performed to determine potential cytotoxic, antiproliferative, and apoptotic effects of CBN and CBG. Western blotting was carried out to measure the expression of the proapoptotic p53. Both CBN and CBG inhibited cell growth and induced THP-1 cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in a dose- and time-dependent manner. CBN and CBG illustrated different dosage effects on THP-1 cells in the MTT assay (CBN > 40 μΜ, CBG > 1 μM) and flow cytometry (CBN > 5 μM, CBG > 40 μM), highlighting the cannabinoids’ antileukemic activity. Our study hints at a direct correlation between p53 expression and CBG or CBN doses exceeding 50 μM, suggesting potential activation of p53-associated signaling pathways underlying these effects. Taken together, CBG and CBN exhibited suppressive, cell death-inducing effects on leukemia cells. However, further in-depth research will be needed to explore the molecular mechanisms driving the anticancer effects of CBN and CBG in the leukemia setting.
Study on the Damping Performance of the Arrangement of Half-Bowl Spherical Structure Under Impact Velocity
Authors: Ma Jian , Zhang Kun , Meng Xiangjun , Zheng Canguang , Du Mingchao , Kong Xiangjun , Tian Dan , Huang Liangsong , Yi Ran
Published: December 2024

During mine excavation, rock wall collapse can pose a safety risk to miners. Reasonably designed support equipment can prevent collapse and ensure a safe working environment. In this paper, a new half-bowl spherical rubber structure is introduced and modeled using Abaqus to study its damping ability under different impact energies. By comparing the support reaction forces and pressures of the A-S, R-S, and C-S structures, we find that the R-S structure, with a smaller number of half-bowl spheres, has superior energy absorption abilities and impact resistance. These findings support the designing and manufacturing of mining support equipment.
Synthesis of a Novel Polymer Adsorbent and Its Adsorption of Pb (II) and Cu (II) Ions in Water
Authors: Chen Dun , Zhou Wanyong
Published: December 2024

This study successfully synthesized a polymer adsorbent TOC containing S functional groups through thiophene and oxalyl chloride. The TOC was characterized by IR, molecular weight determination, EDS, SEM, and TG. For Pb (II), the maximum adsorption capacity of TOC can reach 122.7 mg/g (0.593 mmol/g) at pH = 4, 250 min. After adsorption, it can be desorbed with 1.00 mol/L HCl, and the adsorbent can be reused 10 times; For Cu (II), the maximum adsorption capacity of TOC can reach 95.9 mg/g (1.498 mmol/g) at pH = 6, 180 min. After adsorption, it can be desorbed with 0.50 mol/L HNO3, and the adsorbent can be reused 11 times. The adsorption process of TOC on Pb (II) and Cu (II) conforms to the Freundlich model of multi-layer adsorption, and the chemical adsorption process is controlled by pseudo-second-order kinetic reactions.
Agricultural Insurance Premium Determination Model for Risk Mitigation Based on Rainfall Index: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Azahra Astrid Sulistya , Johansyah Muhamad Deni , Sukono
Published: December 2024

Rainfall is significantly essential in the agricultural sector to increase productivity. However, rainfall instability serves as a potential source of risk, causing crop failure and negatively impacting the welfare of farmers. To mitigate this risk, rainfall index-based agricultural insurance offers financial protection to farmers. There is no information on how to set a reasonable premium in index-based agricultural insurance. Therefore, this research aimed to systematically explore a model for determining a rainfall index-based agricultural insurance premium, focusing on the methods used and their effectiveness in mitigating the risk of harvest failure in the agricultural sector. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method and a bibliometric analysis were used to collect and analyze articles from Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Dimensions databases. The results showed that there were 15 articles on determining a rainfall index-based agricultural insurance premium, where 4 used the Black–Scholes method and 11 applied other main methods. Meanwhile, no articles applied the fractional Black–Scholes method in determining agricultural insurance premiums based on the rainfall index, providing new opportunities for further research. The results contributed to the development of a model for agricultural insurance premium determination that could generate more diverse and flexible premium estimates as a sustainable method to mitigate the risk of harvest failure. This research is expected to serve as a reference for developing rainfall index-based agricultural insurance in the future and contribute to the Government of the Agriculture Department’s policy formulation regarding insurance programs for farmers.
Application of a Modified Ecological Quality Monitoring Method in the Southeastern Hilly Region of China
Authors: Huang Yusheng , Fu Xinyue , Sha Jinming , Shifaw Eshetu
Published: December 2024

The southeastern hilly region of China is ecologically significant but highly vulnerable to climate change and human activities. This study developed a Modified Remote Sensing Ecological Index (MRSEI) using satellite imagery and Human Footprint data to assess ecological quality across 14 cities surrounding the Wuyi Mountains. We applied Sen’s slope analysis, the Mann–Kendall test, and spatial autocorrelation to evaluate spatiotemporal ecological changes from 2000 to 2020, and used partial correlation analysis to explore the drivers of these changes. The main findings are as follows: (1) Ecological quality generally improved over the study period, with significant year-to-year fluctuations. The eastern region, characterized by higher altitudes, consistently exhibited better ecological quality than the western region. The area of low-quality ecological zones significantly decreased, while Ji’an, Ganzhou, Heyuan, and Meizhou saw the most notable improvements. In contrast, urban areas experienced a marked decline in ecological quality. (2) The region is undergoing warming and wetting trends. Increased precipitation, especially in the western and northern regions, improved ecological quality, except in urban areas, where it heightened flood risks. Rising temperatures had mixed effects: they enhanced ecological quality in high-altitude areas (~516 m) but negatively impacted low-altitude regions (~262 m) due to intensified heat stress. (3) Although industrial restructuring reduced environmental pressure, rapid population growth and urban expansion created new ecological challenges. This study provides an innovative method for the ecological monitoring of hilly regions, effectively integrating human activity and climatic factors into ecological assessments. The findings offer valuable insights for sustainable development and ecological management in similar sensitive regions.
Correction: Sage et al. Hybridization of Acoustic and Visual Features of Polish Sibilants Produced by Children for Computer Speech Diagnosis. Sensors 2024, 24, 5360
Authors: Sage Agata , Miodońska Zuzanna , Kręcichwost Michał , Badura Paweł
Published: December 2024

In the original publication [...]
Implementation of Principal Component Analysis (PCA)/Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Neural Networks in Constructing a Reduced-Order Model for Virtual Sensing of Mechanical Stress
Authors: Melgarejo M. A. , Pérez A. , Ruiz D. , Casas A. , González F. , González de Lena Alonso V.
Published: December 2024

This study presents the design and validation of a numerical method based on an AI-driven ROM framework for implementing stress virtual sensing. By leveraging Reduced-Order Models (ROMs), the research aims to develop a virtual stress transducer capable of the real-time monitoring of mechanical stresses in mechanical components previously analyzed with high-resolution FEM simulations under a wide range of multiple load scenarios. The ROM is constructed through neural networks trained on Finite Element Method (FEM) outputs from multiple scenarios, resulting in a simplified yet highly accurate model that can be easily implemented digitally. The ANN model achieves a prediction error of MAEtest=(0.04±0.06) MPa for the instantaneous mechanical stress predictions, evaluated over the entire range of stress values (0 to 5.32 MPa) across the component structure. The virtual sensor is capable of producing a quasi-instantaneous, detailed full stress map of the component in just 0.13 s using the ROM, for any combination of 4-load inputs, compared to the 6 min and 31 s required by the FEM. Thus, the approach significantly reduces computational complexity while maintaining a high degree of precision, enabling efficient real-time monitoring. The proposed method’s effectiveness is demonstrated through rigorous ROM validation, underscoring its potential for stress control. This precise AI-driven procedure opens new horizons for predictive maintenance strategies centered on stress cycle monitoring.
Image Synthesis in Nuclear Medicine Imaging with Deep Learning: A Review
Authors: Le Thanh Dat , Shitiri Nchumpeni Chonpemo , Jung Sung-Hoon , Kwon Seong-Young , Lee Changho
Published: December 2024

Nuclear medicine imaging (NMI) is essential for the diagnosis and sensing of various diseases; however, challenges persist regarding image quality and accessibility during NMI-based treatment. This paper reviews the use of deep learning methods for generating synthetic nuclear medicine images, aimed at improving the interpretability and utility of nuclear medicine protocols. We discuss advanced image generation algorithms designed to recover details from low-dose scans, uncover information hidden by specific radiopharmaceutical properties, and enhance the sensing of physiological processes. By analyzing 30 of the newest publications in this field, we explain how deep learning models produce synthetic nuclear medicine images that closely resemble their real counterparts, significantly enhancing diagnostic accuracy when images are acquired at lower doses than the clinical policies’ standard. The implementation of deep learning models facilitates the combination of NMI with various imaging modalities, thereby broadening the clinical applications of nuclear medicine. In summary, our review underscores the significant potential of deep learning in NMI, indicating that synthetic image generation may be essential for addressing the existing limitations of NMI and improving patient outcomes.
A 0.73 dB Multi-Gain Low Noise Amplifier Design with Fast Mode-Switching for 5G/4G Applications
Authors: Choi Kyung-Duk , Paik SungHwan , Lee Kyung-Jin , Kim Dong-Min , Park Jun-Eun , Yoo Sang-Sun , Hwang Keum-Cheol , Yang Youngoo , Lee Kang-Yoon
Published: December 2024

In this paper, a sub-1dB Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) with several gain modes, including amplification and attenuation modes required for the fifth and fourth generations (5G/4G) of mobile network applications, is proposed. Its current consumption is adaptive for every gain mode and varies to lower currents for lower amplifications due to the importance of current consumption for mobile network applications. The proposed LNA features an innovative architecture with a three-core input structure supporting multi-gain modes, achieving high gain and ultra-low noise performance. Additionally, the design integrates a cascade switching mechanism to ensure fast transitions between the gain modes and maintain operational stability. A reconfigurable input structure is introduced to support multiple input stages, enabling the proposed LNA to be compatible with both 5G and 4G applications. The proposed design demonstrates the implementation of seven distinct gain modes with a maximum current consumption of 11.68 mA, achieving proper input matching in each gain mode. The LNA delivers a maximum gain of 20.4 dB with a noise figure of 0.73 dB. Moreover, the most stringent mode switching condition achieved, the ON time, is as short as 1.295 µs, and the gain mode transition speed is an impressive 0.874 µs, ensuring extremely fast mode transitions. The proposed LNA occupies an area of 700 µm × 500 µm and is fabricated using a 65 nm FD-SOI process.
Lifestyle, Cognition, and Disability Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Cohort Study
Authors: Campanholo Kenia R. , Faria Graziella A. S. , Pitombeira Milena S. , Apóstolos-Pereira Samira L. , Callegaro Dagoberto , Buchpiguel Carlos Alberto , de Paula Faria Daniele
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: People with multiple sclerosis (MS) often experience sensory, psychomotor, and cognitive impairment, sphincter disturbances, and fatigue, which can affect their ability to perform work-related tasks, self-care, and daily activities. This study aimed to analyze the lifestyle changes, cognitive function, and disability outcomes over a seven-year follow-up period, exploring potential associations with predictive markers. Methods: At the end of the seven-year follow-up period, 32 participants returned for cognitive and clinical reassessment with the Twenty-Five-Foot Walk Test, Nine-Hole Peg Test, and Brief Repeatable Neuropsychological Battery. Lifestyle data were acquired via interviews regarding sleep quality, reading habits, technology use, physical activity levels, household responsibilities, and participation in leisure and cultural activities. Results: The occupational profile did not demonstrate significant changes, but 11 (34%) participants showed disability accumulation, and the number of relapses increased (p = 0.001). Over time, improvement was observed in verbal episodic memory and worsening in psychomotor speed. Better cognitive performance in mental agility was associated with higher levels of physical activity (p = 0.021) and technology use (p = 0.039). In addition, better cognition (verbal memory p = 0.038 and processing speed 0.015) and psychomotor speed (upper limbs p = 0.017 and lower limbs p = 0.003) and lower functional disability (p = 0.022) were associated with maintenance of household activities. Conclusions: The changes in verbal memory and psychomotor speed were more prominent over time, and verbal memory, psychomotor and processing speed, and mental agility were associated with good lifestyle habits, mainly household activities. The treatment strategies should include lifestyle changes and pharmacological interventions.
Appearance and Persistence of Activity in Soil Extracts Increasing Root Rot of American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) by Ilyonectria mors-panacis
Authors: Goodwin Paul H. , Zaro Geovanna
Published: December 2024

A previous report showed that methanol extracts from soil collected one year after harvesting American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) contained activity that increased root rot caused by Ilyonectria mors-panacis. This effect was associated with suppression of the defense responses of P. quinquefolius. The activity was undetectable in soil not previously planted with ginseng, and it was hypothesized that it may be a factor in the development of ginseng replant disease (GRD). GRD can persist for 30 or more years and is associated with root rot from I. mors-panacis. A survey of activity that increases root rot was made of the soil at different times before and after commercial ginseng root harvesting. No activity that increased root rot from I. mors-panacis was detected in the soil of a first American ginseng crop over the three years from planting until prior to harvesting. After harvesting the first crop, no activity was detected during the fall or early spring, but I. mors-panacis’s ability to increase root rot was detected in the soil during late spring, when ginseng crop debris from the first crop had almost completely decayed and the soil had warmed. Activity increasing root rot from I. mors-panacis was also detected in the soil from 1 to 30 years after ginseng harvesting. These results indicate that activity in soil that increases root rot from I. mors-panacis is not detectable until after the crop has been first harvested and then can persist for many years, which is consistent with the long persistence of GRD.
Transferability of Exercise Intensity Based on Muscle Oxygenation from Normoxia to Hypoxia in Ski-Mountaineering Athletes—Exploratory Study
Authors: Rębiś Kinga , Kowalski Tomasz , Michalik Kamil , Klusiewicz Andrzej
Published: December 2024

Frequent changes in altitude and oxygen levels limit the practical application of traditionally derived exercise thresholds or training zones based on heart rate (HR) or blood lactate concentration (bLa). We investigated the transferability of a muscle oxygenation (SmO2)-based intensity prescription between different hypoxic conditions to assess the suitability of real-time SmO2 measurements for ski-mountaineering (SKIMO) athletes during submaximal endurance exercise. A group of 15 well-trained male SKIMO athletes performed a graded-intensity run test in normoxia (87 m ASL, FiO2 = 20.8%) to determine the anaerobic threshold (AnT) with the mod-Dmax method, and maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) assessments in acute normobaric hypoxia (3000 m ASL, FiO2 = 14.4%) with the intensity aligned to 90–105% of SmO2 at the normoxia-determined AnT. SmO2, HR, and bLa were monitored during both tests. The number of MLSS assessments without a bLa increase over 1 mmol·L−1 was reported. Paired t-tests with Cohen’s d effect sizes and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were computed to compare the bLa and HR at the AnT in normoxia and MLSS averages in hypoxia, as both corresponded to equivalent SmO2. Out of the 15 MLSS assessments, 11 (73.3%) were performed without a bLa increase over 1 mmol·L−1. Significant differences at equivalent SmO2 in normoxia and hypoxia were found for HR (175 ± 11.7 vs. 160 ± 14.2 bpm, p = 0.005, d = 1.02), but not for bLa (4.9 ± 1.2 vs. 5.1 ± 2.4 mmol·L−1, p = 0.845, d = −0.05). ICC(2,k) for HR and bLa were 0.56 (95% CI: −0.24, 0.85) and 0.40 (95% CI: −0.75, 0.80), respectively. The results indicate a fair transferability of a SmO2-based intensity prescription between different hypoxic conditions in well-trained SKIMO athletes during submaximal endurance exercise. The practical significance of the observations depends on the required accuracy of the exercise intensity determination.
Hydroxylated-Benz[a]anthracenes Induce Two Apoptosis-Related Gene Expressions in the Liver of the Nibbler Fish Girella punctata
Authors: Rafiuddin Muhammad Ahya , Matsubara Hajime , Hatano Kaito , Honda Masato , Toyota Kenji , Kuroda Kouhei , Tsunoda Keito , Furusawa Yukihiro , Tabuchi Yoshiaki , Hirano Tetsushi , Sakatoku Akihiro , Hong Chun-Sang , Srivastav Ajai K. , Amornsakun Thumronk , Shimizu Nobuaki , Zanaty Mohamed I. , Harumi Tatsuo , Yamauchi Kohei , Müller Tamás , Tang Ning , Hattori Atsuhiko , Hayakawa Kazuichi , Suzuki Nobuo
Published: December 2024

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known to have toxic effects on fish. In this study, we examined the effects of benz[a]anthracene (BaA), a type of PAH, on fish liver metabolism. Nibbler fish (Girella punctata) were intraperitoneally injected with BaA (10 ng/g body weight) four times over a 10-day period. BaA significantly decreased known bone metabolism-related plasma factors such as calcium and inorganic phosphorus. Moreover, significant reductions were observed in the plasma levels of known liver metabolism-related factors, including ferrous ions, total bile acids, total bilirubin, free bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Interestingly, mono-hydroxylated metabolites of BaA, such as 3 hydroxylbenz[a]anthracene (3-OHBaA), were detected in the bile of BaA-injected nibbler fish. This hydroxylated form of BaA was found in its free form, rather than conjugated with glucuronic acid or sulfuric acid. Due to the lack of whole-genome sequence data for the nibbler fish, two nibbler fish-specific apoptosis-related factors (TNF receptor superfamily member 1A: tnfrsf1a and TNF superfamily member 10: tnfsf10) were isolated by De novo RNA sequencing. In a liver tissue culture, 3-OHBaA (10−6 M) significantly upregulated the expression of tnfrsf1a and tnfsf10 in the liver. These results provide the first evidence that 3-OHBaA metabolites exhibit toxic effects on the liver in teleost.
Brefeldin A—A Major Pathogenic Factor of Peanut Pod Rot from Fusarium neocosmosporiellum
Authors: Wang Huiling , Wang Xiaohan , Han Huiling , Yu Quanlin , Tan Xinmiao , Liu Junlong , Zhao Yiting , Sun Weiming
Published: December 2024

Fusarium neocosmosporiellum is the main pathogen of peanut pod rot in China. To investigate the type of F. neocosmosporiellum toxin and its pathogenic mechanism, a macrolide, brefeldin A, was isolated. The structure of the compound was identified by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). At the same time, the content of the compound in healthy and diseased peanut capsules was detected, and its plant toxicity to radish, mung bean, rice, and peanut seed radicle elongation and pathogenicity to peanut pod rot were evaluated. The results showed that brefeldin A at 50 μg/mL could significantly inhibit the radicle elongation of rice seeds. Brefeldin A was detected only in pods with peanut rot. Injecting 2 mg/mL brefeldin A solution into peanut pods caused the severe decay of peanut pods at the R3R4 stage, which is consistent with the symptoms of peanut rot.
Study on the Failure Mechanism and Movement Characteristics Prediction of Gongdang Landslide in Linzhi, China
Authors: Huang Yuezu , Li Yuanzhong , Zhao Yubin , Zhang Faming , Li Xiaokai , Zhang Huaqing , Zhang Xiaolong
Published: December 2024

Instability of landslide accumulation bodies is one of the common geological hazards under the influence of rainfall and water impoundment, especially under the transformation of rainfall patterns caused by global climate changes. Owing to the fact that determining the landslide potential failure mode is vital for preventing landslide disasters, this paper takes the Gongdang landslide as the research object to study the landslide deformation mechanism and predict movement characteristics. Firstly, the geological conditions of the study area and landslide were determined according to the field investigations; secondly, the physical and mechanical parameters of the sliding mass were clarified through laboratory tests. Moreover, the particle flow code (PFC) method was utilized to simulate the potential failure process of the landslide based on the three-dimensional numerical model according to the geological features and the micro-parameters. The results showed that the landslide deformation process lasted approximately 640 s with the stage characteristics of displacement and velocity and presented the evolutionary process with the local instability deformation. The simulation results are of practical significance and application value by effectively illustrating the potential deformation and failure process of the Gongdang landslide, which provides a reference for predicting and preventing the potential failure process of geological hazards in similar engineering through field investigations, laboratory tests, and numerical simulation.
Computer-assisted Transcription and Analysis of Bulgarian Child Speech Data using CHILDES and CLAN
Authors: Popova Velka , Popov Dimitar
Published: December 2024

The present paper focuses on the possibilities offered by corpus linguistics in the study of child speech, with its specificities as a linguistic phenomenon. An attempt is made to highlight the advantages of the CHILDES system for studying spontaneous speech interaction in the Bulgarian corpus of child language (Bulgarian LabLing Corpus), in which the data are transcribed and annotated within this paradigm.
Convergence of the θ-Euler-Maruyama method for a class of stochastic Volterra integro-diﬀerential equations
Authors: Mouchir Samiha , Slama Abdeldjalil
Published: December 2024

This paper addresses the convergence analysis of the θ-Euler-Maruyama method for a class of stochastic Volterra integro-diﬀerential equations (SVIDEs). At ﬁrst,  we discuss the existence, uniqueness,  boundedness and H¨older continuity of the theoretical solution. Subsequently, the strong convergence order of the θ-Euler-Maruyama approach for SVIDEs is shown. Finally, we provided numerical examples to illustrate the theoretical results.
Falkner hybrid block methods for second-order IVPs: A novel approach to enhancing accuracy and stability properties
Authors: Okuonghae Robert I. , Ozobokeme Joshua K.
Published: December 2024

Second-order initial value problems (IVPs) in ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are ubiquitous in various fields, including physics, engineering, and economics. However, their numerical integration poses significant challenges, particularly when dealing with oscillatory or stiff problems. This article introduces a novel Falkner hybrid block method for the numerical integration of second-order IVPs in ODEs. The newly developed method is of order six with a large interval of absolute stability and is implemented using a fixed step size technique. The numerical experiments show the accuracy of our methods when compared with Falkner linear multistep methods, block methods, and other hybrid codes proposed in the scientific literature. This innovative approach demonstrates improved accuracy and stability in solving second-order IVPs, making it a valuable tool for researchers and practitioners.
Higher-order approximations for space-fractional diffusion equation
Authors: Wickramarachchi Anura Gunarathna , Nasir Haniffa  Mohamed
Published: December 2024

Second-order and third-order finite difference approximations for fractional derivatives are derived from a recently proposed unified explicit form. The Crank-Nicholson schemes based on these approximations are applied to discretize the space-fractional diffusion equation. We theoretically analyse the convergence and stability of the Crank-Nicholson schemes, proving that they are unconditionally stable. These schemes exhibit unconditional stability and convergence for fractional derivatives of order  in the range  .  Numerical examples further confirm the convergence order and unconditional stability of the approximations, demonstrating their effectiveness in practice.
Exponential B-spline collocation method for singularly perturbed time-fractional delay parabolic reaction-diffusion equations
Authors: Merga Feyisa E. , Duressa Gemechis F.
Published: December 2024

The singularly perturbed time-fractional delay parabolic reaction-diffusion of initial boundary value problem is provided by the present study. Employing implicit Euler's method along with the Caputo fractional derivative, the time-fractional is discretized. Spatial domain is handled by implementing the exponential B-spline collocation technique. The converge of the method is varified and has an accuracy of \(O(N^{-2}(lnN)^{2})\). Two model examples are examined in order to examine the extent to which the scheme is effective. The findings generated by tables and figures indicate the scheme has dual layers at the end spatial domain and is uniformly convergent.
Elaboração de uma sequência didática com foco na construção de oficinas sensoriais para aprendizagem dos sentidos do corpo humano
Authors:   , Coelho Yngrit de Melo Brígido Nunes
Published: December 2024

Professores de biologia do ensino médio enfrentam diferentes problemas relacionados ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem, boa parte deles relacionados ao interesse, motivação e participação dos discentes durante as aulas. Os alunos também relatam dificuldades na assimilação de diversos conteúdos da biologia, principalmente aqueles com nomenclaturas extensas e atípicas, que devem ser memorizadas. Entre estes conteúdos está o estudo da anatomia humana, especialmente a parte referente ao sistema nervoso. É necessário, portanto, que sejam inseridas novas estratégias didáticas que facilitem o processo de ensinoaprendizagem do conteúdo de anatomia do sistema nervoso, visando melhorar a compreensão e assimilação do tema. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi a elaboração de uma sequência didática com foco na construção conjunta com os alunos de uma oficina sensorial educativa que auxilie o processo de aprendizagem dos sentidos do corpo humano. O trabalho foi realizado na disciplina Biologia, nas duas turmas sob regência da professora Yngrit de Melo Brígido Coelho, no ano de 2021, na Escola estadual Márcio Nicolato, Rodeiro – Minas Gerais. A oficina sobre os sentidos do corpo humano foi construída com a colaboração dos educandos, com orientação da professora. Após a realização da sequência didática, foi aplicado um questionário de percepção discente, para verificar a satisfação dos alunos em relação ao conteúdo e a disciplina; também foi analisado o ganho de conhecimentos dos alunos. A maioria dos discentes teve uma percepção geral positiva em relação à oficina sensorial, avaliando-a com uma nota média de 8,94. Os estudantes (85,7%) concordaram que a estratégia teve um impacto positivo na aprendizagem e 82,8% deles afirmaram que a oficina melhorou a compreensão do conteúdo. Além disso, a maioria dos discentes concordou que a oficina estimulou a participação do aluno no processo de ensinoaprendizagem e aumentou a motivação para o estudo. Os resultados sugerem que a seqüência didática com foco na oficina sensorial de anatomia foi uma excelente alternativa para aperfeiçoar a aprendizagem de anatomia na disciplina de Biologia no ensino médio, melhorando a percepção discente e o ganho de conhecimento dos estudantes. Além disso, o desenvolvimento da oficina aumentou o protagonismo dos alunos na construção do conhecimento e aproximou o conteúdo de Biologia do seu cotidiano.
Aprendizagem baseada em problemas no ensino de química: perspectivas na educação do campo em tempos de pandemia
Authors:   , Campos Aline Aparecida
Published: December 2024

Neste trabalho desenvolvemos uma pesquisa sobre uma intervenção didática realizada com base em uma metodologia ativa de ensino junto a estudantes do ensino médio em uma escola do campo, buscando o desenvolvimento de habilidades como autonomia, interação, criatividade, e, em especial, a busca pela construção do sujeito crítico. As atividades de ensino investigadas utilizaram como recurso didático duas situações problema construídos envolvendo a temática do novo coronavírus articulada aos conteúdos termoquímica, pH e equilíbrio químico indicados no material de ensino do estado de Minas Gerais, os Plano de Estudo Tutorado (PET). O trabalho foi realizado em uma escola pública estadual envolvendo 21 estudantes do 2º ano do ensino médio com idade entre 16 e 17 anos durante o ano de 2020 durante o período do Ensino Remoto Emergencial. A metodologia de ensino que orientou a intervenção didática, objeto de estudo nesta pesquisa é a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP). A abordagem metodológica foi a pesquisa-ação. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de coleta e construção de dados questionários, mapa de eventos, casos envolvendo as situações problema e uma entrevista semiestruturada. A análise dos dados foi orientada pela Análise de Conteúdo. Foi possível constatar que a maioria dos estudantes considera que desenvolveu atitudes e habilidades ao estudar com o ABP. A participação permitiu aos estudantes formularem hipóteses para a resolução de um problema, além de proporcionar autonomia na aprendizagem. No que se refere à aquisição de conhecimentos, os estudantes evidenciaram alcançar os objetivos propostos, por meio da síntese do problema exposto nos cartazes construídos pelos grupos. Assim, concluímos que o desenvolvimento da ABP foi relevante para a aprendizagem dos estudantes e contribuiu para aumentar o interesse pelas atividades. Por fim, as etapas realizadas em grupos, permitiram o compartilhamento de ideias e experiências, corroborando para se tornarem sujeitos ativos e críticos no processo de ensino.
Métodos particle-in-cell para simulação anisotrópica de fluidos
Authors:   , Parreiras Emanuel Antônio
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho apresenta dois métodos para redirecionar um fluxo de fluido utilizando campos tensoriais em simulações baseadas em métodos particle-in-cell. O nosso foco é usar o campo tensorial como um meio para defletir fluidos para geração de efeitos em Computação Gráfica. Este trabalho adapta a formulação clássica do método Fluid-Implicit-Particle (FLIP) incluindo a informação dos tensores durante os passos da projeção e advecção. São apresentadas duas novas abordagens numéricas para a resolução da projeção anisotrópica, uma baseada em faces e outra baseada em faces e arestas. O desenvolvimento desses métodos visa garantir uma simulação estável, suave e livre de divergente. Para tal, são empregadas duas estrturas em grade escalonada. A grade Marker-and-Cell (MAC) clássica é utilizada para armazenar o campo de velocidades e para encontrar o campo projetado pela projeção baseada em face. Entretanto, para comportar valores armazenados nas arestas, uma extensão para essa categoria de grade é proposta, sendo também utilizada na projeção baseada em face e aresta. Foi proposta uma nova advecção baseada no método Runge-Kutta de ordem três, onde incorporamos a deflexão tensorial como um campo de aceleração. Também é proposta uma força externa que visa balancear os efeitos do tensor na borda fluido-vazio. Tal força age para evoluir o fluxo na região, fazendo com que o campo tensorial exerça um efeito de meio permeável. Para mostrar as capacidades de cada abordagem, são realizados testes individuais e com diferentes categorias de campos tensoriais. Além disso, um experimento comparativo é apresentado para analisar os aspectos visuais e numéricos de cada método. Com esses experimentos é possível entender como diferentes tipos de tensores afetam o comportamento do fluido nas diferentes abordagens.
Megaprojects of Moscow in the world cultural heritage system: on the restoration of the Romanov house and the Ostafyevo museum-estate
Authors: Portnova Tatiana V. , Portnova Irina V. , Fedorov Alexander V.
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the article is due to the problems of preserving the cultural heritage of regions, which is extremely important, since the loss of identity entails not only the disappearance of the historical appearance of cities, but also the loss of their economic and tourist potential. The uniqueness of the cultural heritage of Moscow as the capital of the Russian Federation has its own characteristics that distinguish it from other cities in the world. The author aims to trace the historical restoration of two architectural objects: the Romanov house and the Ostafyevo Museum-Estate, and to evaluate their historical and cultural potential. It is supposed to assess the historical significance of the objects in terms of restoring their original appearance, taking into account its authenticity (authenticity of the idea, material, architectural skill and environmental environment).

The conducted retrospective comparative analysis has shown the difference in the creative methods of restoration practice used in recreating the appearance of the estate house, depending on the preservation, restoration technique, accuracy of stylistic reconstruction and other parameters. If the restoration work of the Chambers of the Romanov boyars located in the Zaryadye district of Moscow, which began in the XVII century. had a step-by-step sequential principle of reconstruction over an extended time period, then one fundamental comprehensive modern restoration was undertaken at the Ostafyevo Museum -Estate, which lasted 16 years until 2017, including external and internal interior the space and its historical and documentary content. It is pointed out that the choice of methods is difficult, since due to numerous fires and alterations, the appearance of the Romanov house has repeatedly changed, and in the only preserved park estate of the XVIII century in Moscow in Ostafyevo, a public museum, a children's camp and a rest house were located in different years. Here it was possible to clarify a number of fundamental patterns of the visual interaction of the estate with the surrounding environmental context, which underwent a radical transformation at the final stage of its existence.

Based on archival documents, old photographs, drawings and extant graphic images dating back to that time, a conclusion is made about the relationship of restoration, conservation and reconstructive actions on such objects, showing their life in the context of changes and additions that preserve traces of time.
Challenges in applying international humanitarian law in contemporary armed conflicts: the case of Russia's war against Ukraine
Authors: Каpustnyk Volodymyr , Kryvenko Oleksandr , Andrushchenko Igor , Lisovol Oleksandr , Shablystyi Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

The aim of the article is to study the problems of applying international humanitarian law under the conditions of modern armed conflicts using the example of war in Ukraine. Methodology. Common and specific methods were applied during the research: logical, dialectical, analytical, method of critical analysis of scientific literature, legal and dogmatic, system and structural, statistical, normative and dogmatic, legal modelling approach. Research Results. It is stated that there is no definition of "hybrid war" in the IHL rules, and this situation does not correspond to the current circumstances. There are gaps in the international legal regulation of the status of civilians, who are guaranteed protection from the consequences of war. Besides, the violating state does not distinguish between the two legal statuses of persons – civilians and prisoners of war Summarization and treat both these groups of people as war prisoners. It is concluded that the war in Ukraine has exposed a number of problems of the application of IHL during modern armed conflicts.
Social media as an emerging threat to national security
Authors: Nikitenko Lilia , Sharmar Olha , Marusiak Oleksandr , Honcharuk Vladyslav , Yanivskyi Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

This paper explores in depth the growing impact of social media on national security across the globe while highlighting the risks posed by the rapid dissemination of information, the organization of unauthorized protests, and the spread of disinformation. It has been demonstrated that social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Telegram and TikTok have been utilized by various actors, including activists, radical groups, and foreign states, in order to influence public opinion, incite violence, and destabilize governments. A comparative analysis of global events like the Arab Spring, the 2016 U.S. elections, Hamas attack against Israel, and protests in Hong Kong demonstrates how such platforms can serve dual purposes: fostering democratic values while simultaneously being exploited to undermine national stability. The research also addresses the specific issue of separatism, where social media is used to disseminate ideologies that threaten territorial integrity and constitutional order. The proposed study also examines the potential of cyberattacks coordinated via social media, thus highlighting the vulnerability of state institutions and critical infrastructure. The research concludes by stressing the urgent need for a balanced regulation of social media, offering insights into international legal frameworks, enhanced cybersecurity measures, and also various challenges in maintaining both freedom of expression and national security.

An elaborated set of research methods (comparative, historical, method of systemic analyses) has been actively used in the course of this research, thus enabling the authors to combine theoretical observations with comprehensive data analyses.

Existing legislative approaches to regulating social media in the context of protecting national security interests in various jurisdictions, including Israel, China, Pakistan, the United States, and Ukraine, have been covered in the paper.
O Cloridrato de Metformina como alternativa de tratamento em pacientes com Síndrome do Ovário Policístico (SOP)
Authors: Silva Ariadne Gisele da , Nascimento Gyzelle Pereira Vilhena do
Published: December 2024

A síndrome de ovários policísticos é uma doença crônica metabólica em mulheres em idade reprodutiva. O presente trabalho consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica cujo objetivo é relatar o uso do cloridrato de metformina como alternativa ao tratamento da síndrome de ovário policístico, diante do entendimento da doença e do tratamento com o cloridrato de metformina, contextualizado predominantemente por artigos dos últimos dez anos em sites confiáveis. O cloridrato de metformina demonstrou benefícios nas pacientes quanto à sintomatologia diversa, mas principalmente quanto à melhora da redução de peso, regulação dos ciclos menstruais e da infertilidade, e junto a outras terapias torna-se ainda mais eficaz. O farmacêutico capacitado de conhecimentos quanto à saúde da mulher torna acessível à troca de informações e garante a adesão do tratamento correto.
Avaliação da Proteinúria no Diagnóstico e Acompanhamento de Síndrome Nefrótica
Authors: Silva Eloysa Mariane Albuquerque da , Cintra Marcos Rodrigues
Published: December 2024

A síndrome nefrótica (SN) é uma condição renal caracterizada pela perda excessiva de proteínas na urina, refletindo a gravidade da lesão glomerular. O presente estudo de revisão buscou fazer uma associação entre o aumento da proteinúria e a síndrome nefrótica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e Google Acadêmico, levando em consideração os seguintes critérios de inclusão: artigos publicados de 2014 a 2024, publicados na íntegra, de acesso completo e gratuito, no idioma português ou inglês e que descrevessem sobre a síndrome nefrótica e a relação com a proteinúria. Os resultados evidenciaram que a proteinúria é um marcador crucial para o diagnóstico e monitoramento da síndrome nefrótica, sendo frequentemente avaliado por métodos como a proteinúria/24 horas e a relação proteína/creatinina urinária. Estudos indicaram que intervenções terapêuticas, como o uso de corticosteróides e imunossupressores, podem reduzir significativamente a proteinúria, resultando em melhorias clínicas relevantes. Assim, a compreensão aprofundada da relação entre a proteinúria e a SN é essencial para melhorar o manejo clínico e implementar estratégias terapêuticas mais eficazes.
العوامل المؤثرة في تصاعد الدور الصيني في أمن الخليج خلال الفترة (2004-2023) وأثرها في إعلان الاتفاق الثلاثي السعودي-الإيراني-الصيني (2023) ودور الكويت في الاستفادة من المتغيرات الجديدة في أمن الخليج
Authors: المكيمي هيلة
Published: December 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل العوامل المؤثرة في تصاعد الدور الصيني في منطقة الخليج خلال الفترة (2021-2023) والذي أفضى إلى إطلاق الاتفاق الثلاثي السعودي-الإيراني-الصيني في العام 2023. تنهض الدراسة على مقولة إن تصاعد التقارب السعودي-الإيراني جاء نتيجة بروز قيادات إقليمية ودولية لعبت دورا رئيسا في ذلك التقارب مدفوعة بجملة من المتغيرات الإقليمية والدولية. المنهج: اعتمدت هذه الدراسة على منهج تحليل صناعة القرار في قياس أثر القيادات السياسية في عملية إعلان الاتفاق السعودي-الإيراني. كما يعتمد هذا البحث على المنهج البنيوي في تحليل الصعود الصيني العالمي في منطقة الخليج. بالإضافة إلى استخدام المصادر الثانوية كالكتب والأبحاث والدراسات، فإن البحث عبارة عن دراسة ميدانية قام بها الباحث في العاصمة بكين في جمهورية الصين الشعبية خلال الفترة ما بين 29 مايو -2 يوينو 2023، شملت زيارة عدد من المراكز البحثية الصينية بهدف إجراء المقابلات الشخصية. النتائج: توصلت الدراسة إلى أن الاتفاق السعودي-الإيراني جاء نتيجة تأثير القيادات السياسية في كل من السعودية وإيران والصين التي تبنت ذلك الاتفاق تحت تأثير المتغيرات الإقليمية والدولية وتعزيز مصالحها القومية والإقليمية والدولية. كما بإمكان الكويت الاستفادة من تلك المتغيرات الإقليمية في تعظيم مكتسباتها السيادية خصوصا في استئناف المفاوضات مع إيران حول الجرف القاري وحقل الدرة بمشاركة الجانب السعودي كونه شريكا في حقل الدرة.
العلاقات الدبلوماسية بين السلطنات الإسلامية في الهند وسلطنة المماليك في مصر
Authors: عبد الرحمن محمد نصر
Published: December 2024

أقام سلاطين المماليك في مصر شبكة علاقات دبلوماسية واسعة المجال مع كثير من القوى السياسية المعاصرة لهم، سواء في العالم الإسلامي أو العوالم الأخرى. وكانت الهند من أهم مناطق العالم الإسلامي التي ارتبط بها المماليك بعلاقات دبلوماسية مميزة؛ حيث ارتبطوا بالكيانات السياسية التي قامت في الهند بداية من سلطنة دهلي، ومرورًا بالسلطنات الإسلامية الأخرى التي قامت على أنقاض سلطنة دهلي.
وسوف تتناول هذه الدراسة العلاقات الدبلوماسية بين المماليك في مصر والكيانات السياسية الخمسة التي قامت في الهند خلال الفترة المعاصرة للمماليك، حيث تستعرض في البداية خلفية تاريخية مختصرة عن الأوضاع السياسية في كل سلطنة، ثم طبيعة العلاقات بينها وبين المماليك من ناحية، وعلاقتها بالخلافة العباسية في مصر من ناحية أخرى.
والمنهج الذي سوف تتبعه هذه الورقة البحثية هو المنهج الاستقرائي، الذي يستنطق المصادر المملوكية، ويحلل نظرتها لطبيعة العلاقات بين المماليك وهذه الكيانات السياسية، مع مقارنة نظرة المصادر الهندية لتلك العلاقات. وستركز هذه الورقة على أهم النصوص التاريخية التي وردت في المصادر المملوكية والهندية المتعلقة بهذه الكيانات السياسية الهندية، وطبيعة علاقتها بالمماليك في مصر، ومدى موضوعية هذه المصادر في رصدها لهذه العلاقات وطبيعتها.
ويتوقع من هذه الورقة البحثية رصد أهم النصوص التاريخية العربية التي تناولت هذه العلاقات، وتحليل هذه النصوص، ومقارنتها بنصوص أخري مثل النصوص الفارسية في المصادر الهندية، وتقديم صورة وافية عما قدمته المدرسة التاريخية المملوكية في هذا الصدد
تحقيق شواهد سورة الفاتحة من كتاب الإسعاف شرح أبيات القاضي والكشاف
Authors: قرقز أنس , العمرو محمد محمود
Published: December 2024

هذا جزء من مخطوط كبير ألفه خضر الموصلي، أراد الباحثان تحقيق جزء منه تحقيقًا علميًا معتمدينِ على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي؛ رغبة في ضبط النصّ ضبطًا صحيحًا، وإخراج الكتاب على الصورة التي أرادها مؤلفه أو أقرب ما يكون إلى ذلك، وإبراز القيمة الكبيرة لهذا الكتاب القيّم علَّه يلقى اعتناءً من المحّققينَ المختصين لِيوفّوه حقه، ويأخذ مكانته بين الكتب التي صنّفت على منواله، وكان لها الحظّ من الظهور والطباعة، ويمكنُ عَدُّ الكتاب موسوعةً في: اللغة، والنحو والصّرف، والأدب والعروض، والتراجم، والتاريخ.
المنشآت الاقتصادية في مدينة نابلس خلال القرن الثالث عشر الهجري/ التاسع عشر الميلادي- الوكالات التجارية أنموذجًا
Authors: الحزماوي محمد ماجد
Published: December 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى البحث في الوكالات التجارية في مدينة نابلس خلال القرن التاسع عشر الميلادي باعتبارها إحدى المنشآت الاقتصادية والتجارية في المدينة التي أنشئت كمراكز تجارية إلى جانب الأسواق. واستعرضت الدراسة بدايات نشوء الوكالات وغيرها من المنشآت التجارية ثم تناولت الوكالات التجارية في مدينة نابلس وما طرأ من تطورات على ملكيتها، وأخيراً تحدثت عن آلية وطرق مبايعة المخازن "الحواصل" فيها. واعتمدت الدراسة بشكل رئيس على مادة وثائقية تضمنتها سجلات محكمة القدس الشرعية التي تُشكل مصدرًا تاريخيًا فريدًايقدم معلومات غنية وقيّمة لا تتوفر في المصادر الأخرى. واتبع الباحث في هذه الدراسة مناهج عدة أهمها المنهج التاريخي التحليلي القائم على جمع المادة العلمية وتنسيقها وتنظيمها ثم تحليلها، كما اعتمد على المنهج الوصفي من خلال الزيارات الميدانية للمكان ومعاينته على أرض الواقع، واعتمد أيضًا على المنهج الكمي – الإحصائي من خلال الأسلوب الإحصائي الذي يرتكز على جمع البيانات الرقمية للاستدلال بها وعرضها جدوليًا وتحليلها. وخلصت الدراسة إلى عدّة نتائج؛ أهمّها: أن الوكالات التجارية كمنشآت تجارية تمثلت وظيفتها بشكل رئيس في عقد الصفقات التجارية قد شكلت دليلاً واضحًا على المكانة الاقتصادية لمدينة نابلس خلال فترة الدراسة فغدت مركزًا تجاريًا صناعيًا مزدهرًا وهامًا ومن أهم المراكز التجارية في بلاد الشام. وعلى الرغم من أن الوظيفة الرئيسة للوكالة كانت تجارية بحتة، غير أنها أدت وظيفة أخرى تمثلت بما تركته من أثر حضاري وثقافي نظرًا لما كان يتجمع فيها فئات اجتماعية مختلفة من وافدين ومقيّمين لتسهم بذلك بأداء وظيفة حضارية وثقافية من خلال التبادل الثقافي والمعرفي والخبرات.