bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Success of Freshwater Aquaculture Program: Nile Tilapia or “Nila” Culture In Indonesia
Authors: Gustiano Rudhy , Arifin Otong Z , Subagja Jojo , Kurniawan Kurniawan , Prihadi Tri H , Saputra Adang , Ath-Thar M H F , Cahyanti Wahyulia , Prakoso Vitas A , Radona Deni , Kusmini Irin I , Kristanto Anang H
Published: September 2023

This paper discusses the current status of tilapia aquaculture production, historical development based on the production growth, technological advances in genetic improvement and culture system, trade and product development, strategies, and policies in maintaining and improving national production. All data and information used in this manuscript were collected from available publications relating to the past and present status of tilapia cultivation in the country. Nowadays, Indonesia is the second-largest tilapia producer in the world with the contribution of about 25.89% to tilapia global production. In Indonesia, tilapia is the largest production among other cultured species. The annual growth production of tilapia is inccread 11.61% from 2011 to 2018. West Java Provinceis the largest tilapia producer followed by West Sumatra, South Sumatra, and Central Java. In the last six years, most of tilapia production comes from pond culture followed by floating cages, net cages, paddy fields, and pen culture. The success of tilapia culture is much influenced by technological improve in grow-out and genetic improvement of the local varieties. A side of that, trading and global market oriented are also established with various acceptable products. Tilapia aquaculture in Indonesia shows the succsess story of freshwater aquaculture program from nothing before 1990 to be something at present time. To maintain and increase the future production of tilapia, it needs strategies and policies in production and trade. The tilapia program maybe used as a role model for another economic imprortant freshwater species in Indonesia.
Evolution of Professor Leszek Lindner’s ideas on the Quaternary stratigraphy of Poland
Authors: Dzierżek Jan , Kulus Bogusz
Published: September 2023

This contribution characterises the stratigraphic schemes of the Quaternary as constructed and published by Leszek Lindner in 1967–2019. The oldest schemes assume the subdivision of the Pleistocene into three glaciations (i.e., Cracow, Middle-Polish and Baltic) separated by two interglacials (Great and Eemian). The scheme published in 1992 comprises eight glacial and seven interglacial units. The most recent scheme for the Quaternary contains seven advances of the Scandinavian ice-sheet on the area of Poland during the Nidanian (MIS 22), Sanian 1 (MIS 16), Sanian 2 (MIS 12), Liviecian (MIS 10), Krznanian (MIS 8), Odranian (MIS 6), and Vistulian (MIS 2–5d) glaciations. They are separated by six interglacials: Podlasian, Ferdynandovian, Mazovian, Zbójnian, Lublinian and Eemian. The ranges of glacial transgressions, and key interglacial and preglacial sites are assembled in a cumulative scheme for the area of Poland. We review the main study methods on which the subsequent versions of the stratigraphic scheme were based. These include Prof. Lindner’s own detailed field research in glaciated and extraglacial areas, and paleofloristic, paleontological and paleomagnetic studies of major interglacial sites carried out by numerous researchers, as well as thorough literature studies.
Pre-LGM loess deposits in caves of Polish Jura – occurrence and stratigraphic importance
Authors: Krajcarz Maciej T.
Published: September 2023

Loess is an important component of cave deposits. Loess and loess-like strata in caves and rock shelters may serve as stratigraphic correlative units and paleoclimate indicators. For the Polish Jura (southern Poland), one of the key regions of cave deposits studies in Europe, the published information concerning the stratigraphic importance of loess is limited to the sequences from around the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In this paper, a review of the archival data about loess deposits situated below the LGM strata in caves and rock shelters of the Polish Jura is presented. The paper discusses the occurrence, lithology, stratigraphy, chronology and paleoecology of the pre-LGM cave loess. The most important sites of the pre-LGM cave loess in the region include: Biśnik Cave, Nietoperzowa Cave, Mamutowa Cave, and Ciemna Cave (only the outer zones). The loess strata in these sites correlate with cold Marine Isotope Stages (MIS): mid-3, 4, 5b–d, 6, and possibly 10. They represent all the main facies of cave loess: typical eolian loess, colluviated loess-like deposits, loess with bedrock debris, and loams of complex grain-size composition but with the predominance of a loess component. Stratigraphic correlations with loess-paleosol sequences are proposed.
Are several profiles better than one? Multi-profile palynological study of the Eemian lacustrine sediments at the Wola Starogrodzka site (Garwolin Plain, Central Poland)
Authors: Kupryjanowicz Mirosława , Fiłoc Magdalena , Żuk-Kempa Edyta , Żarski Marcin
Published: September 2023

Pollen analysis was performed on 14 profiles of fossil biogenic sediments from different parts of the vast depression near the Wola Starogrodzka village (Central Poland). The results allowed the determination of the time of their accumulation for the period from the end of the Odra Glaciation (Warta Stage, Saalian, MIS-6), through the Eemian Interglacial (MIS-5e), to the first interstadial of the Early Vistulian (Brørup, MIS-5c). In many studied profiles, we noted the incompleteness in the pollen record of the Eemian vegetation succession – hiatuses occur usually in the hornbeam (E5) and/or spruce phase (E6). Moreover, the thickness of the same pollen zone and the development of its palynological record are strongly differentiated between individual profiles, e.g. the hornbeam zone (E5) is contained in an exceptionally thick sediment layer (3.7 m) in the PWS1-19 profile, and the oak zone (E3) in the WH-123 and PWS2-19 profiles (1.0 and 1.2 m, respectively), while in other profiles they are represented only by single pollen spectra. If we only had a single profile with a hiatus and/or a poorly developed pollen record, it would be impossible to reconstruct a complete interglacial succession of vegetation. However, having several such imperfect profiles which complemented each other enabled us to do it.
Former des « profs de gym » ou promouvoir les sciences du sport ? Les formations ‘initiales’ des enseignant·e·s d’éducation physique en Suisse entre fédéralisme, universitarisation et sportivisation (1972-1995)
Authors: Quin Grégory
Published: September 2023

Dans le cadre de cette contribution, notre ambition est de produire une analyse de la structuration des formations pour les enseignant·e·s d’éducation physique dans le cadre des décennies qui vont précéder la mise en place des Hautes Écoles Pédagogiques, entre les premières dynamiques d’universitarisation des sciences du sport et une sportivisation s’accélérant, dans un cadre politique singulier, avec une branche – l’éducation physique – dont une partie de la gouvernance est fédérale, dans un pays où l’école est cantonale. La temporalité de notre enquête démarre en 1972 avec la mise en application de la première Loi fédérale encourageant la gymnastique et les sports et s’étend jusqu’à l’orée des années 2000, autour de l’entrée en vigueur de la Loi fédérale sur les hautes écoles spécialisées (HES).
Formation initiale à l’enseignement secondaire et formation continue diplômante à l’enseignement primaire en éducation physique à Genève : Quelle(s) tradition(s) d’enseignement ?
Authors: Lenzen Benoît
Published: September 2023

Cette contribution vise à décrire et analyser l’émergence de deux programmes de formation à l’enseignement de l’éducation physique de l’Université de Genève, au regard des traditions d’enseignement dans lesquels ils sont susceptibles de s’être ancrés : (a) la FORENSEC (enseignement secondaire) ; (b) le DAS MDAS (enseignement primaire). La méthodologie respecte les étapes classiques de l’analyse de documents. L’analyse des principaux documents de références de ces programmes montre qu’ils s’ancrent très majoritairement dans une tradition d’enseignement de l’éducation physique comme éducation à la culture physique et sportive. Cet ancrage résulte à la fois d’un choix conscient du corps enseignant et de facteurs structurels qui y sont favorables, voire le déterminent.
From knowledge to performance in physical teacher education: A Delphi study and a pretest for the content validation of the test instruments
Authors: Baumgartner Matthias , Jeisy Eric , Berthold Clemens
Published: September 2023

The basis for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in the education and continuing professional development of physical education (PE) teachers involves valid, reliable, and objective instruments, which are largely lacking. Content validity is a necessary basis for the development of such instruments. Accordingly, this study presents the content validation of a test for the assessment of (classroom management-related) professional knowledge and the perception, interpretation, and decision-making (PID) of prospective PE teachers. The result is a content-validated knowledge test (110 test items) as well as a video-based test for the assessment of PID (ten vignettes, 217 items). In a next step, the instruments are empirically validated.
Disruptive Business Model Innovation and Digital Transformation
Authors: Tomičić-Pupek Katarina , Furjan Martina Tomičić , Pihir Igor , Vrček Neven
Published: September 2023

Background

Innovating how organisations run their business is a strategic decision to create more value for customers using or consuming the product and/or service provided. In addition to the incentive of everybody embracing digital transformation, digital technologies, and digital innovation, which frame changes of operating business models today, disruptions, i.e., another incentive that occurs suddenly and impacts globally, all force businesses to adapt and change.

Objectives

This research aims to provide a conceptual model that can be used for organisations to evaluate and propose feasible options for responding to disruptions that influence the businesses’ strategic innovation initiatives while assisting decision-makers in choosing the most appropriate option.

Methods/Approach

Considering internal and external factors that influence digital transformation, the conceptual framework is designed to assess readiness and willingness to transform and create opportunities for future success digitally.

Results

A conceptual framework was developed, tested, and demonstrated in a case study. The case study organisation rated positively the composition of steps to be perf readiness and willingness and choose the most feasible option to change.

Conclusions:

The digital environment and the influence of disruptions force organisations to change. The conceptual framework developed in this research helps the management choose the most feasible change option about the real as-is and the desired to-be state.
Managing Ethical Risks in Military Education
Authors: Okovič Dejan
Published: September 2023

This article deals with the interconnection and conditionality of ethics and scientific research. It describes the different types and causes of unethical actions, which it classifies into groups, as well as the approaches to the management of unethical acts, focusing on the situation in the Slovenian scientific area. The article goes on to discuss the situation after the establishment of a National Military College in the military education system, and describes a unique way of managing ethics in a military organization and the suitability of applying the same in military education. After an analysis of the experience to date, the similarities and differences between the military and civilian education systems in the field of ethical risk management are explained.
Does Financial Inclusion Improve Income Equality? The Case of Türkiye
Authors: Erkişi Kemal , Boğa Semra
Published: September 2023

Income inequality has become an important economic and humanitarian problem for both advanced and emerging economies, especially with the increase in financialization trends. The equitable distribution of income has garnered attention in both developed and developing nations, given the rise in global trade and production. However, limited research has explored the impact of financial inclusion on income inequality. To address this gap, this study investigated the effect of financial inclusion on income inequality in Türkiye, contributing to the very limited literature. In this study, the financial inclusion variable is measured using a six-dimensional index encompassing financial institutions and financial markets with depth, access, and availability sub-dimensions. During the time frame spanning from 1980 to 2021, estimations of parameters are conducted employing cointegration regression techniques, including FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR. The analysis revealed that inflation, per capita income, urbanization, and financial inclusion have a negative impact on income equality, whereas education has a positive impact. A 1% rise in financial inclusion is associated with a proportional rise in income inequality of approximately 0.012%. Contrary to the findings of previous empirical studies in general, the increase in financial inclusion in Türkiye has a distorting effect on income equality. The findings of this study offer important implications for Türkiye. While the relationship between the financial inclusion indicator and income inequality is not negative, increasing the income of low-income groups across all financial sectors is likely to improve income equality.
Impact of Intellectual Capital and Risk Attitude Through Financial Literacy on Business Sustainability in Indonesia Batik Smes
Authors: Idris Ahmad , Hanafi Mamduh M. , Rahmawati Alni , Surwanti Arni
Published: September 2023

This study aims to create a theoretical model of business sustainability with financial literacy antecedents. The antecedents of financial literacy are intellectual capital and risk attitudes. The research location is in the province of East Java, Indonesia. Batik SMEs are only found in Indonesia because it is a cultural heritage belonging to Indonesia that does not exist in other countries. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, with 222 respondents from the batik SMEs spread across six cities. The data was taken using a questionnaire on a Likert scale. Data analysis uses SEM (structural equation modeling) with the SmartPLS application. The study results show that risk attitudes toward financial literacy have a positive effect. The effect of financial literacy on the business sustainability of the batik industry has a positive influence. The impact of intellectual capital on the business sustainability of the batik industry has a positive effect. Risk attitudes have no significant positive impact on business sustainability. Financial literacy has yet to be able to mediate intellectual capital’s influence on the batik SME’s business sustainability. This needs to be explored further with further research. Furthermore, financial literacy can mediate risk attitudes towards the business sustainability of batik SMEs.
Basal defoliation, salicylic acid and cyanocobalamin to ameliorate the physiological and biochemical characteristics of flood-irrigated ‘Crimson Seedless’ grapevines in a semi-arid Mediterranean climate
Authors: Abd El-Khalek Ahmed F. , El-Kenawy Mosaad A. , Belal Bassam E. , Hassan Islam F. , Hatterman-Valenti Harlene M. , Alam-Eldein Shamel M.
Published: September 2023

There is a high retail demand for ‘Crimson Seedless’ grape. Cluster shape, berry size, colour, and sugar contents influence the overall fruit quality and marketability. In many commercial vineyards of flood-irrigated clay soils under warm and humid semi-arid climates, adequate irrigation may lead to an enhanced fruit set that could potentially be associated with restricted berry growth, compact clusters, and poor berry colour and taste. To assess the role of some agronomic practices that may influence the canopy microclimate, and affect primary and secondary metabolites, seven treatments arranged in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) system with three replicates each (three vines per replicate) were applied as follow; the control (T1), 5-leaf basal defoliation at pre-bloom (BDPB) (T2), BDPB + foliar spray (FS) of 200 mg · L–1 salicylic acid (SA) (T3), BDPB + FS of 20 mg · L–1 cyanocobalamin (CCA) (T4), 5-leaf basal defoliation at full bloom (BDFB) (T5), BDFP + SA (T6) and BDFB + CCA (T7). Foliar applications were applied at 1) 2 weeks after the beginning of vegetative growth, 2) full bloom and 3) veraison stages. The analysis of variance (ANOVA), the principle component analysis (PCA) and the two-way hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) indicated that BDPB (T2) generally has a better effect than that of BDFB (T5). The most pronounced effect on vegetative growth (shoot length and leaf area), photosynthesis activity (leaf chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents), fruit weight and dimensions, and total yield was observed in the case of T3, followed by T6, whereas concerning berry firmness, colour (anthocyanins) and sensory characteristics (soluble solids: acids ratio, total sugars and phenols), the most pronounced effect was observed in the case of T4, followed by T7.
Elementary Number Theory Problems. Part VII
Authors: Korniłowicz Artur
Published: September 2023

In this paper problems 48, 80, 87, 89, and 124 from [7] are formalized, using the Mizar formalism [1], [2], [4]. The work is natural continuation of [5] and [3] as suggested in [6].
Dual versus Monotherapy in the Prophylaxis of Acute and Chronic Migraine
Authors: Banday Muddasir Sharief , Rather Sajad Ahmad , Hussain Syed Sajad , Mufti Samina , Qureshi Sabia , Baba Misba Hamid
Published: September 2023

Background

Migraine, a primary headache disorder, is a debilitating condition with reduced productivity, increased disability, and a very high economic burden. The present study aimed to individualize the treatment protocols for episodic and chronic migraine in order to reduce the duration, frequency, and severity of attacks, as well as the disability associated with migraine by comparing monotherapy and dual therapy.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a prospective observational study between February 2019 and July 2021. Patients were diagnosed with migraine based on simplified diagnostic criteria. Episodic migraine was present in 62% and chronic migraine in 38% of cases. Disability due to headache was assessed using the Migraine Disability Assessment Score (MIDAS) questionnaire. Prophylactic therapy was individualized, with 210 patients receiving monotherapy (propranolol, flunarizine, or valproic acid) and 190 patients receiving dual therapy (propranolol and flunarizine, or valproic acid and flunarizine). Disability at baseline was graded from I to IV, and improvement after treatment was graded as no recurrence of headache, grade I, grade II, and grade III.

Results

After 2–3 months of therapy, we observed significant improvement in the form of reduction in the frequency of attacks and reduction of disability. Patients with grade II disability who received dual therapy showed 100% improvement with no recurrence of headaches. Treatment with valproic acid resulted in no recurrence in 100% of patients with grade I and 85.7% of patients with grade II disability scores. Significant improvement was observed in all grades of disability with dual therapy.

Conclusion

Dual prophylactic therapy was more efficient than monotherapy in reducing the frequency, duration, and severity of symptoms in grade III and grade IV patients.
Vitamin D Toxicity Due to Self-Medication During the COVID-19 Pandemic – a Case Report
Authors: Rezmuves Maria Gabriela , Nastasa Emanuela , Demian Smaranda
Published: September 2023

Introduction

During the COVID-19 pandemic, vitamin D was used along with vitamin C and zinc as a preventive and curative therapy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vitamin D toxicity, even if it is rare, occurs when serum concentrations exceed 150 ng/mL and is usually manifested by hypercalcemia phenomena.

Case report

We hereby report a case of two twin sisters who self-medicated with vitamin D in a dose of 4 × 4,000 IU/day for almost 10 months as a method of ‘protection’ against COVID-19, influenced by mass media advertising. The patients presented to the emergency department with hypervitaminosis D-related symptoms such as hypertension, headache, nausea, vomiting, and diffuse abdominal pain. Laboratory investigations revealed high levels of vitamin D and calcium.

Conclusions

Vitamin D toxicity can lead to difficulties in positive and differential diagnosis because of the multiple complications of hypercalcemia.
Accuracy of 3D-Printed Models of Aortic Valves – a Comparative Analysis Between Planimetric and Photogrammetric Measurements
Authors: Cernica Daniel , Opincariu Diana , Chițu Monica , Kovács István , Benedek Theodora , Benedek Imre
Published: September 2023

Background

3D printing has changed the paradigm of personalized medicine. Similarly to fingerprints, there are no two identical hearts; consequently, in cardiology, diagnosis and treatment, either medical, interventional or surgical, must be individualized according to the specific problem of a particular patient.

The aim

of this proof-of-concept study was to analyze two measurement methods, the planimetric and the photogrammetric method, in the process of creating a 3D-printed model from cardiac computed tomography angiography images and to evaluate the accuracy of an aortic valve anatomical model.

Material and methods

Cardiac computed tomography images, obtained from 20 patients with severe aortic stenosis, underwent stereolithographic reconstruction using 3D Slicer to create digital 3D models of the aortic valves. Serial measurements of six key elements of the aortic valvular apparatus were measured on the 3D model and compared to the measurements taken on the 2D computed tomography images.

Results

The differences between the two measurement methods were sub-millimetric in case of the left ventricular outflow tract and the sinotubular junction, and 1.386 mm for the left sinus of Valsalva (p = 0.0412), 0.3476 mm for the right sinus of Valsalva (p = 0.1874), and 0.6905 mm for the non-coronary Valsalva sinuses (p = 0.1353). Sinus heights were also similar, with a difference of 0.0119 mm (p = 0.6521).

Conclusion

In this study, the results of digital photogrammetry were superimposable to those of computed tomography scan measurements. The accuracy of each 3D-printed model depends on geometric complexity, the level of training of the personnel, and on the resources of each 3D printing laboratory.
Pseudohalitosis – More than a Complicated Multidisciplinary Case
Authors: Cerghedi Alessandra-Aniela , Trif Denisa-Paula , Salcudean Andreea , Molnar-Varlam Cristina
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Halitophobia is also known as false halitosis or psychosomatic halitosis. This pseudo-pathology originates from the somatization of the compulsive idea that the patient has bad breath in the absence of oral pathology.

Case Presentation

A patient addressed dental surgery complaining of a self-diagnosed halitosis. The dental consultation did not find any dental problem that could cause bad breath. She was referred to a general practitioner for further investigations to rule out a general condition. The investigations revealed a perfectly healthy person, without any chronic ailment that could cause bad breath. The patient refused to consult a psychologist or psychiatrist, considering that she does not have a mental health problem.

Conclusions

Patients with a suspicion of psychogenic halitosis require psychiatric counseling, and dentists have to be prepared with an efficient strategy for the correct management of these patients.
Digitization of Gynecology Using Artificial Intelligence: Cervical Mapping Corroborated With Clinical Data for Conization Necessity
Authors: Minciună Dorina Adelina , Socolov Demetra Gabriela , Szőcs Attila , Ivanov Doina , Gîscă Tudor , Nechifor Valentin , Budai Sándor , Bálint Ákos , Socolov Răzvan
Published: September 2023

Background

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common female malignancy worldwide. In developing countries, it is the most common subtype of cancer and the third leading cause of cancer mortality among women. Artificial intelligence has the potential to be of real use in the prevention and prompt diagnosis of cervical cancer. The aim of our study was to develop a medical platform consisting of an automated observation sheet containing colposcopy data, a software that would use a machine learning module based on clinical and image data for diagnosis and treatment, and a telemedicine module to enable collaboration between gynecologists.

Materials and methods

Clinical and colposcopy image data from 136 patients were introduced into a machine learning module designed to generate an algorithm for proposing a preliminary diagnosis and treatment. The clinical and imaging data were corroborated to generate six options: ‘Follow-up’, ‘Pharmacotherapy’, ‘Biopsy’, ‘Curettage’, ‘DTC’, and ‘Conization’.

Results

Data generated by the machine learning module regarding treatment options were compared with the opinion of gynecologists and yielded an accuracy of 78% for ‘Follow-up’, 81% for ‘Pharmacotherapy’, 84% for ‘Biopsy’, 90% for ‘Curettage’, 96% for ‘DTC’, and 81% for ‘Conization’.

Conclusions

The developed software can be an important step towards the digitization of existing gynecology offices and the creation of intelligently automated gynecology offices related to prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. More data is needed to improve the accuracy of the developed software.
Comparing eDQE and eNEQ metrics – is there an alternative approach to assessing image quality in digital mammography?
Authors: Wysocka-Rabin Anna , Dobrzyńska Magdalena , Pasicz Katarzyna , Skrzyński Witold , Fabiszewska Ewa
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Early detection of breast cancer requires high-quality mammographic images that have been made possible by the introduction of new technologies, such as full-field digital mammography (FFDM). In this new study, we perform extended measurements to calculate effective detective quantum efficiency (eDQE) and introduce effective noise equivalent quanta (eNEQ). Our aim was to show how these two metrics relate to the image quality of two digital mammography systems.

Material and methods: Measurements were performed for a Siemens Mammomat Inspiration and a GE Senographe Pristina system. Each was equipped with an automatic exposure control (AEC) for use in a clinical setting. We used a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom at thicknesses of 20, 30, 40 and 70 mm to cover the range of scatter conditions expected in mammography, with and without an anti-scatter grid. The Siemens system had an a-Se detector, and the GE system had an indirect-conversion detector. Measurements of Kerma were performed with Piranha Black 657 meter (RTI Electronics AB). The majority of our calculations were automated, using a modified version of our software.

Results: For the two mammographic systems evaluated, we characterized physical quality parameters, such as effective modulation transfer function (eMTF), effective normalized noise power spectrum (eNNPS), eDQE and eNEQ for a wide range of exposures, phantom thicknesses, with and without an anti-scatter grid. Results are presented as a function of spatial frequency. A contrast-detail analysis was performed with a CDMAM 3.4 phantom with dedicated software (CDMAM analysis 1.5.5, NCCPM) and a set of different PMMA phantoms.

Conclusions: We successfully demonstrated that the eNEQ metric can be used as a new option to evaluate image quality for images taken with and without a grid and with phantoms of different thicknesses for the Siemens and GE systems. These results were consistent with the results obtained from CDMAM.
ПРЕДПОСЫЛКИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ И ОСНОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ ЗАКРЕПЛЕНИЯ В ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВЕ ОЦЕНОЧНЫХ ПОНЯТИЙ ГРАЖДАНСКОГО ПРАВА
Authors: Аракелян Ася Ашотовна
Published: September 2023

Возросшая в последние годы тенденция к применению более гибкого диспозитивного подхода к регулированию гражданских отношений требует научного обоснования необходимости и пределов применения оценочных понятий в гражданском законодательстве. Настоящая работа посвящена исследованию основ применения оценочных понятий в гражданском праве. В целях выявления и обоснования причин, обусловивших существование оценочных понятий в праве, автор, используя общенаучный, формально-юридический и системный методы, проанализировал предпосылки и цели закрепления этих понятий в законодательстве, морально-этическую составляющую гражданского оборота. Обосновываются особенности применения таких морально-этических понятий гражданского права, как добросовестность, разумность и справедливость. Сложность в применении оценочных понятий требует как доктринального обоснования, так и законодательного закрепления приблизительных критериев, основных признаков и содержания отдельных оценочных понятий в нормах права в целях единообразного их применения и ограничения свободы усмотрения правоприменителя.
ТРАНСГРАНИЧНОЕ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО КАК ФАКТОР ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНОВ КИТАЯ
Authors: Доленина Ольга Евгеньевна , Подкладова Анна Сергеевна
Published: September 2023

Актуальность исследования обусловлена активизацией процессов глобализации и международной интеграции, которые довольно сильно влияют на курсы экономики, прокладываемые правительствами для развития своих стран. Расширение области своего влияния ставит перед государствами необходимость приграничного и трансграничного сотрудничества, поддержания международного сотрудничества соседствующих стран. Цель исследования – выявление наиболее результативных направлений и форм сотрудничества между Китаем–Вьетнамом и Китаем–Казахстаном, изучение влияния реализации трансграничного сотрудничества стран на данные территории, а также перспектив развития подобных отношений между странами.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ПОДХОДОВ РОССИИ К КНДР В НАЧАЛЕ XXI ВЕКА
Authors: Красиков Владимир Владимирович
Published: September 2023

В статье анализируется эволюция подходов Российской Федерации (РФ) к Корейской Народно-Демократической Республике (КНДР) в первые десятилетия XXI в. Акцент сделан на политике Москвы в процессе урегулирования межкорейских отношений, и особенно на ее шагах по разрешению северокорейской ядерной проблемы. Источниками исследования являются соответствующие концепции и стратегии РФ, официальные сайты государственных органов, публикации российских и зарубежных СМИ. Проанализированы причины и неудачи действий Москвы по отношению к КНДР, которые оттолкнули северокорейский режим от России, способствовали еще большей ее международной изоляции. В последнее время Москва принимает меры по укреплению взаимопонимания с Пхеньяном с целью сделать его важным партнером по смягчению напряжения на Корейском полуострове и в Северо-Восточной Азии (СВА) в целом. Не всегда эти шаги продуктивны, им не хватает поддержки других стран. В ходе исследования российско-северокорейских отношений автор приходит к выводу, что готовность и желание принимать активное и деловое участие в решении чувствительных проблем Корейского полуострова должны быть основаны на тщательном анализе прежней и нынешней политики по отношению к КНДР. Необходима более глубокая проработка опыта и уроков, особенно неудачных шагов российской дипломатии на северокорейском направлении. Это способствует выработке новых, нестандартных подходов к разрешению острого корейского кризиса.
Varikosel Patofizyolojisi 2023
Authors: Orhan İrem , Orhan İrfan , Karakeçi Ahmet
Published: September 2023

Varicocele, which is the most frequently treatable pathology of male infertility, is detected in approximately 15 % of the normal population. The fact that it is detected at such high rates in the general population and that only 20% of the men are infertile and the remaining 80% of them are unaffected, has brought up new research issues in the evaluation of the pathophysiological processes between varicocele and infertility.Conventionally, the possible pathophysiological effect of varicocele on male reproductive system is evaluated by five different mechanisms. These mechanisms are reported as hyperthermia, hypoxia, reflux of toxic cyclical metabolites, hypogonadism and cadmium accumulation. Keywords: infertility, recurrent, pathophysiology
Obedience pressure and group pressure: An experimental study on whistleblowing
Authors: Ulfa Ulfa , Utami Intiyas
Published: September 2023

Obedience pressure is when individuals receive commands from their superiors to act unethically. Group pressure refers to individuals within a group that considers unethical actions acceptable. Meanwhile, whistleblowing refers to the reporting action of whistleblowers aware of fraud in their workplaces. This research aims to examine the causal association between obedience pressure and group pressure, and whistleblowing intentions. This research uses a 2x2 between-subject experimental study. Our subjects are students from an accounting department in Central Java. Our results demonstrate that individuals under low obedience pressure have higher whistleblowing intentions than those under high. Second, individuals under low group pressure have higher whistleblowing intentions than individuals under high group pressure. Third, there is an interaction between obedience pressure and group pressure on whistleblowing intentions. This research contributes to the whistleblowing literature and informs companies in developing an optimal whistleblowing system.
Relationship of job level, burnout to job satisfaction and task performance in functional officers managing goods and services procurement in government institutions
Authors: Sumirat Yuyun , Indradewa Rhian
Published: September 2023

Emotional exhaustion, frustration or emotional or what is called burnout is the cause of bad work attitudes, unfocused concentration, and negative assessment of employees, in the world of work there are many things that affect a worker in achieving job satisfaction, factors that cause leaders and workers itself is not satisfied with the results of the work that has been completed due to fatigue, emotions, frustration. In this study, researchers used a sample of 166 employees of the Goods and Services Procurement Unit with a functional position as Goods/Services Procurement Manager for the State Civil Service of the Republic of Indonesia. Our study found that job level has a positive relationship with job satisfaction, and fatigue has a positive relationship with job level, job satisfaction, and task performance. While the level of work has no significant effect on employee performance. The findings of this study provide useful information for organizational development practitioners and researchers in understanding job satisfaction of UKPBJ Functional officials as well as job performance in the UKPBJ work environment. These findings are useful for professionals to better understand the dynamics of fatigue in promoting job satisfaction and job performance of employees based on their job levels and psychological problems of workers in the State Civil Service in the Republic of Indonesia.
Fraud hexagon in the motives to commit academic fraud
Authors: Theotama Gracella , Waskita Yeremia Denny , Hapsari Aprina Nugrahesthy Sulistya
Published: September 2023

Fraud, especially in the academic field was a challenge in every educational institution. Every fraud has the motives behind it. One of the framework that explain the motives of fraud is fraud hexagon. Therefore, this research use fraud hexagon framework as a tool and concept for detecting academic fraud. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Satya Wacana Christian University with a total sample of 270 active accounting students who were obtained using the Slovin formula. This research aim to examine the variables in the fraud hexagon as a student’s motive to intend to commit academic fraud. For the research method, this study use quantitative approach with six independent variables and one dependent variable. Based on the result of research that obtained, simultaneously, the six factors influence the intention to commit academic fraud at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Satya Wacana Christian University. While partially, the factors that have a significant effect to commit academic fraud is rationalization.
Vancomicina: monitoramento sérico em pacientes internados na UTI de um hospital universitário do Amazonas
Authors: Burton Elizianne Andrade , Magalhães Mirian Brasil de Oliveira , Badin Rebeka Caribé
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar o emprego da vancomicina no tratamento de infecções em pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) e verificar a adequação da faixa terapêutica após o monitoramento. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, transversal e unicêntrico, realizado em um hospital de alta complexidade da Região Norte, no período de janeiro a junho de 2022. Foram excluídos pacientes menores de 18 anos e em uso de vancomicina oral e/ou profilática. Resultados: Ao total foram incluídos vinte pacientes, com média de idade de 48,8 ± 19,07 anos. Houve predomínio do sexo masculino (55%), as principais comorbidades foram hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) (45%) e neoplasias. Foram realizadas 29 vancocinemias ao todo, das quais 58,6% obtiveram dose subterapêutica, em contraponto, nos pacientes que evoluíram para óbito (40%), houve preponderância da dose tóxica (50%). Foram solicitados exames microbiológicos para 55% dos pacientes, e nas culturas positivas houve predominância de Pseudomonas aeruginosa (33,4%). Conclusão: Avancocinemia é indispensável para uma farmacoterapia segura e deve ser executada em pacientes críticos, especialmente os internados em UTI, com o intuito de prevenir falhas terapêuticas. A atuação em conjunto da equipe multiprofissional permite otimizar a antibioticoterapia e diminuir o avanço da resistência bacteriana.
Effects of three types of attachments in the displacements, and distribution of stress and plastic deformation, and trough finite elements (FEM)
Authors: Andrade Wilmar Andrés Melo , Bajaire William Eduardo Fayad , Jaramillo Valentina Fayad , García Tania Alejandra González
Published: September 2023

Objectives:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of resin attachments on the displacement and deformation pattern of the aligner plastic, determine the center of rotation and stress distribution in the upper canine during space closure using the finite element method (FEM), and evaluate the plastic Aligner deformation.

Material and Methods:

A computer-assisted design model of the superior right hemiarch was constructed with the simulation of a first premolar extraction and a canine distalization, recreating the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. FEMs were created to analyze the behavior of stress and displacement of the upper right canine with aligners in four situations, one without attachment, and three with bonded attachments (vertical rectangular, rectangular beveled, optimized root control). In addition, the plastic deformation of the aligner was evaluated.

Results:

In the simulation without attachment, there was no apical movement, while with vertical rectangular and rectangular beveled the behavior was similar with crown distal displacement and mesial apex displacement. The optimized attachment had a better movement control of the canine body respecting the crown and apical movement toward the same direction. The mayor plastic deformation was shown without attachment and no deformation was evidenced with optimized attachment.

Conclusion:

The FEM showed that nevertheless the optimized attachment produced a distal crown and apical displacement with the use of plastic aligners during the space closure, the apex only moved ¼ of the distal crown movement. Our results suggest that to obtain a pure translation of the canine with aligners, it would be necessary the use of auxiliars which complement the needed biomechanics.
INVESTIGATION OF THE REGULARITIES OF PROLINE EXTRACTION FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS USING POLY-N-VINYLPIRROLIDONE
Authors: МАРЧЕНКО Л.А. , МОКШИНА Н.Я. , ПАХОМОВА О.А. , ИВАНЧУРА П.В. , КАННЫКИН С.В. , НИЖИВЕНКО В.Н.
Published: September 2023

Пролин – заменимая гетероциклическая аминокислота – играет важную роль в обеспечении жизнедеятельности организма человека, поэтому разработка экспрессных и легко воспроизводимых методик извлечения и определения пролина в водных объектах и пищевых продуктах актуальна. Исследован процесс экстракции пролина и спектроскопически определено его содержание в водной фазе. В качестве экстрагента использовали синтезированный поли-N-винилпирролидон (ПВП) – безопасный водорастворимый полимер со средневязкостной молекулярной массой от 10000 до 94000. Рассчитан гидродинамический радиус частиц полимера. Предложен механизм межфазного распределения аналита с участием молекул воды, рассчитаны количественные экстракционные характеристики. Приведены результаты экстракции пролина из водных растворов, экстрагированного с применением ПВП. Установлено, что степень однократного извлечения пролина составляет 78% при соотношении водной и органической фаз 10 : 4 и минимальной молекулярной массе полимера. Показано, что для полного извлечения пролина из водного раствора достаточно двукратной экстракции ПВП.

Proline, a replaceable heterocyclic amino acid, plays an important role in ensuring the vital activity of the human body, therefore, the development of express and easily reproducible methods for extracting and determining proline in water bodies and food products is relevant. The proline extraction process was investigated and its content in the aqueous phase was spectroscopically determined. Synthesized poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a safe water-soluble polymer with a medium-viscosity molecular weight from 10000 to 94000, was used as an extractant. The hydrodynamic radius of polymer particles is calculated. The mechanism of the interphase distribution of the analyte with the participation of water molecules is proposed, quantitative extraction characteristics are calculated. The results of proline extraction from aqueous solutions extracted using PVP are presented. It was found that the degree of single extraction of proline is 78% with a ratio of the aqueous and organic phases of 10 : 4 and the minimum molecular weight of the polymer. It is shown that double extraction of PVP is sufficient for complete extraction of proline from an aqueous solution.
Arylamine Synthesis Enabled by a Photocatalytic Skeletal-Rearrangement Dehydrogenative Aromatization Strategy
Authors: Shu Wei , Ren Yu-Feng , Chen Xiao-Yi , Du Hai-Wu
Published: September 2023

Construction of aromatic compounds from non-aromatic compounds with skeletal edit are appealing yet challenging in organic chemistry. Herein, we report an approach for the synthesis of site-selective substituted arylamines via photocatalyzed C-N coupling/skeletal expansion/dehydrogenative aromatization reaction. A wide variety of primary amines, cyclic and acyclic secondary amines as well as iodomethyl cyclopentanones with diverse substitution patterns are suitable for this strategy, providing an unprecedented and straightforward access to N,N-dialkyl and N-alkyl arylamines. Notably, free amino alcohols undergo selective N-arylation to deliver N-monoarylated amino alcohols. Mechanistic studies show that radical initiated skeletal rearrangement of cyclopentenyl iminiums followed by selective hydrogenative aromatization is a key to success of this strategy. We hope this strategy will inspire more effort to build arylamines and other aromatic compounds from non-aromatic systems.
Examining the Electronic Structures of Monouranium Endohedral Metallofullerenes: Solution Versus Solid-State Effects in U@C82
Authors: Murillo Jesse , Gomez-Torres Alejandra , Yao Yang-Rong , Oey Yuzki , Wright Joshua , Seshadri Ram , Echegoyen Luis , Chen Ning , Fortier Skye
Published: September 2023

In uranium endohedral metallofullerenes, cage isomer dependent oxidation states have been theoretically deter-mined for U3+@C2v(9)-C823- and U4+@C2(5)-C824+. Solution phase EPR supports this assessment; however, in the solid-state, EPR, SQUID magnetometry, and XANES suggest both isomers adopt a common metal-oxidation state. This inves-tigation shows the redox active uranium center may be sensitive to changes at the carbon cage, demonstrating that solution versus solid-state factors is a possible consideration when determining the electronic structure and reactivity of these unique systems.
Versatile Molecular Editing via Multimodal and Group-optimized Generative Learning
Authors: Lin Xiaohan , Xia Yijie , Huang Yupeng , Liu Shuo , Chen Mengyun , Ni Ningxi , Wang Zidong , Gao Yi Qin , Zhang Jun
Published: September 2023

Generating molecules with specific constituents and structures that exhibit desired properties is a crucial yet challenging task in the computer-aided design of functional molecules. This challenge arises from the discrete nature of the vast design space of molecules, which is subject to additional physical constraints such as symmetries. Exploration and optimization within this constrained discrete space pose difficulties for most machine learning methods. In this paper, we introduce a multimodal representation for molecules that accounts for both their discrete atomic constituents and their continuous atomic positions in 3D Euclidean space. Based on this representation, we develop MolEdit, a molecular generation method that simultaneously solves discrete and continuous optimization problems: MolEdit learns the distribution of molecular constituents using efficient normalizing flow models and employs a group-optimized score matching algorithm to model the symmetry-preserved distribution of atomic positions. By combining these two components, MolEdit can effectively assemble any discrete molecular graph and generate corresponding molecular conformers. Furthermore, by decomposing the generation process multimodally, MolEdit can work with flexible prompts specifying conditional information about molecular constituents and substructures, leading to a general-purpose approach to versatile molecular editing.
Csp3‒H Bond Activation Mediated by a Pd(II) Complex under Mild Conditions
Authors: Mirica Liviu , Na Hanah , Kim Seoung-Tae , Wessel Andrew , Baik Mu-Hyun
Published: September 2023

In this work, we disclose a new pentadentate pyridinophane ligand, N-methyl-N’-(2-methylpyryl)-2,11-diaza[3.3](2,6)pyridinophane (PicCH3N4), and its Pd(II) complexes. The reaction of the Pd precursor [PdII(MeCN)4]2+ with PicCH3N4 leads to the formation of the palladacycle compound [(PicCH2N4)PdII]+ via an uncommon room-temperature Csp3–H bond activation at a Pd(II) metal center. The isolated complex was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Furthermore, various experimental investigations, including additive studies, kinetic isotope effect measurements, and Eyring analysis were carried out to probe the reaction kinetics and mechanism of the Csp3–H bond activation by the Pd(II) center. A combined experimental and theoretical mechanistic analysis suggests that acetate-assisted Csp3–H bond activation is preferred at high temperature, while acetate-free Csp3–H bond activation is preferred at room temperature.