bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two-dimensional material-based bionano platforms to control mesenchymal stem cell differentiation
Authors: Kang Ee-Seul , Kim Da-Seul , Suhito Intan Rosalina , Lee Wanhee , Song Inbeom , Kim Tae-Hyung
Published: April 2018

Background

In the past decade, stem cells, with their ability to differentiate into various types of cells, have been proven to be resourceful in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Despite the ability to repair damaged parts of organs and tissues, the use of stem cells still entails several limitations, such as low differentiation efficiency and difficulties in guiding differentiation. To address these limitations, nanotechnology approaches have been recently implemented in stem cell research. It has been discovered that stem cells, in combination with carbon-based functional materials, show enhanced regenerative performances in varying biophysical conditions. In particular, several studies have reported solutions to the conventional quandaries in biomedical engineering, using synergetic effects of nanohybrid materials, as well as further development of technologies to recover from diverse health conditions such as bone fracture and strokes.

Main text

In this review, we discuss several prior studies regarding the application of various nanomaterials in controlling the behavior of stem cells. We focus on the potential of different types of nanomaterials, such as two-dimensional materials, gold nanoparticles, and three-dimensional nanohybrid composites, to control the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). These materials have been found to affect stem cell functions via the adsorption of growth/differentiation factors on the surfaces of nanomaterials and the activation of signaling pathways that are mostly related to cell adhesion and differentiation (e.g., FAK, Smad, Erk, and Wnt).

Conclusion

Controlling stem cell differentiation using biophysical factors, especially the use of nanohybrid materials to functionalize underlying substrates wherein the cells attach and grow, is a promising strategy to achieve cells of interest in a highly efficient manner. We hope that this review will facilitate the use of other types of newly discovered and/or synthesized nanomaterials (e.g., metal transition dichalcogenides, non-toxic quantum dots, and metal oxide frameworks) for stem cell-based regenerative therapies.
RETRACTED – Mental health in UK Biobank: development, implementation and results from an online questionnaire completed by 157 366 participants
Authors: Davis Katrina A. S. , Coleman Jonathan R. I. , Adams Mark , Allen Naomi , Breen Gerome , Cullen Breda , Dickens Chris , Fox Elaine , Graham Nick , Holliday Jo , Howard Louise M. , John Ann , Lee William , McCabe Rose , McIntosh Andrew , Pearsall Robert , Smith Daniel J. , Sudlow Cathie , Ward Joey , Zammit Stan , Hotopf Matthew
Published: April 2018

Background

UK Biobank is a well-characterised cohort of over 500 000 participants that offers unique opportunities to investigate multiple diseases and risk factors.

Aims

An online mental health questionnaire completed by UK Biobank participants was expected to expand the potential for research into mental disorders.

Method

An expert working group designed the questionnaire, using established measures where possible, and consulting with a patient group regarding acceptability. Case definitions were defined using operational criteria for lifetime depression, mania, anxiety disorder, psychotic-like experiences and self-harm, as well as current post-traumatic stress and alcohol use disorders.

Results

157 366 completed online questionnaires were available by August 2017. Comparison of self-reported diagnosed mental disorder with a contemporary study shows a similar prevalence, despite respondents being of higher average socioeconomic status than the general population across a range of indicators. Thirty-five per cent (55 750) of participants had at least one defined syndrome, of which lifetime depression was the most common at 24% (37 434). There was extensive comorbidity among the syndromes. Mental disorders were associated with high neuroticism score, adverse life events and long-term illness; addiction and bipolar affective disorder in particular were associated with measures of deprivation.

Conclusions

The questionnaire represents a very large mental health survey in itself, and the results presented here show high face validity, although caution is needed owing to selection bias. Built into UK Biobank, these data intersect with other health data to offer unparalleled potential for crosscutting biomedical research involving mental health.

Declaration of interest

G.B. received grants from the National Institute for Health Research during the study; and support from Illumina Ltd. and the European Commission outside the submitted work. B.C. received grants from the Scottish Executive Chief Scientist Office and from The Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation during the study. C.S. received grants from the Medical Research Council and Wellcome Trust during the study, and is the Chief Scientist for UK Biobank. M.H. received grants from the Innovative Medicines Initiative via the RADAR-CNS programme and personal fees as an expert witness outside the submitted work.
Vascular Disorders of the Spinal Cord
Authors: Kramer Christopher L.
Published: April 2018

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

Prompt recognition and timely management of vascular disorders of the spinal cord can improve patient outcomes. This article provides contemporary and practical knowledge about the most common vascular myelopathies.

RECENT FINDINGS

New studies have provided additional information on the risk factors and impact of neurologic monitoring on perioperative spinal cord infarction. Additionally, recent publications have provided information on the impact of misdiagnosis, corticosteroid treatment, and postoperative prognosis in the treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas and have discussed the outcome of patients with spinal arteriovenous malformations treated with embolization, surgery, and stereotactic radiosurgery. Finally, recent studies have provided information on the natural history and postoperative prognosis of spinal cavernous malformations and on the risk factors and surgical outcome of patients with spinal epidural hematomas.

Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges are inherent in managing patients with vascular disorders of the spinal cord, and clinicians should have a thorough understanding of these disorders to facilitate optimal outcomes for patients with these potentially devastating illnesses. This article begins by reviewing functional vascular anatomy and subsequently describes the fundamental characteristics of both ischemic and hemorrhagic vascular myelopathies to equip clinicians with the knowledge to avoid common pitfalls.
Seh1 targets GATOR2 and Nup153 to mitotic chromosomes
Authors: Platani Melpomeni , Samejima Itaru , Samejima Kumiko , Kanemaki Masato T. , Earnshaw William C.
Published: April 2018

In metazoa, the Nup107 complex (also known as the nucleoporin Y-complex) plays a major role in formation of the nuclear pore complex in interphase and is localised to kinetochores in mitosis. The Nup107 complex shares a single highly conserved subunit, Seh1 (also known as SEH1L in mammals) with the GATOR2 complex, an essential activator of mTORC1 kinase. mTORC1/GATOR2 has a central role in the coordination of cell growth and proliferation. Here, we use chemical genetics and quantitative chromosome proteomics to study the role of the Seh1 protein in mitosis. Surprisingly, Seh1 is not required for the association of the Nup107 complex with mitotic chromosomes, but it is essential for the association of both the GATOR2 complex and nucleoporin Nup153 with mitotic chromosomes. Our analysis also reveals a role for Seh1 at human centromeres, where it is required for efficient localisation of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC). Furthermore, this analysis detects a functional interaction between the Nup107 complex and the small kinetochore protein SKAP (also known as KNSTRN).
Highly Efficient Utilization of Soluble Fe in the Removal of Arsenic during Oxidative Flocculation of Fe(II)
Authors: Zhang Xuezhi , Jia Shaoyi , Song Jia , Wu Songhai , Han Xu
Published: April 2018

Flocculation using Fe(II) instead of Fe(III) has been considered more efficient in the removal of As. However, excess Fe(II) used in the process always leaves substantial TFe [Fe(II)+Fe(III)] unutilized. We therefore developed three methods [the one-staged process (OS), the one-staged process with H2O2 (OSH) and the two-staged process (TS)] to remove As(III)/As(V) by Fe(II) (Fe:As = 2.0). Our results indicate that pH is an important factor that determines the utilization efficiency of TFe and the removal efficiency of As. In OS, the initial pH was adjusted before the reaction. At the optimal pHs of 10.0 and 11.0, the removal efficiencies of As(V) and TAs [As(III)+As(V)] could reach 84.0% and 66.7%, with only 61.9% and 80.2% TFe being utilized, respectively. In OSH, H2O2 was added after pH adjustment. After OS, pH was re-adjusted to the optimal values before the next 30 min reaction (TS). Compared with OS, the removal efficiencies of As could increase by more than 9% in OSH and TS at the optimal pHs. Besides, there is more than 10% improvement in the utilization efficiencies of TFe except at 12.0. Accelerating oxidation of Fe(II) or re-adjusting pH is therefore highly efficient for a more efficient removal of As from Fe(II)-rich groundwater.
Lead Halide Perovskites in Thin Film Photovoltaics: Background and Perspectives
Authors: Miyasaka Tsutomu
Published: April 2018

This review describes the background of our discovery of hybrid perovskite materials as photovoltaic absorbers and the progresses in high efficiency perovskite photovoltaics with focus on solution processes to control quality of polycrystalline layers and low temperature metal oxide preparation for fabrication of thin flexible devices. Future directions of research are discussed including the potential of efficiency enhancement to the Shockley–Queisser limit with single high-voltage devices and environmental issues and solutions towards industrialization of lead halide-based devices.
ГЕНЕЗИС СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ ЦЕНТРОВ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЛУЖБ ДЛЯ СЕМЬИ, ДЕТЕЙ И МОЛОДЁЖИ В УСЛОВИЯХ КРЫМА
Authors: Kramarenko Leonid Vladimirovich
Published: April 2018

В данной статье проанализированы общие научные тенденции в понимании развития системы социальной защиты. Целью статьи является изучение исторического опыта становления и основных путей развития органов социальной работы на примере центров социальных служб для семьи, детей и молодежи Республики Крым как нового субъекта социальной работы в правовом поле Российской Федерации на пути реформирования социальной сферы.Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу теоретического исследования составляют: теоретический анализ; аналогия; моделирование, а также принцип историко-философской реконструкции. Эмпирическое исследование образует: изучение литературных источников, нормативных и программно-методических документов; изучение и обобщение опыта.Научная новизна и теоретическая значимость исследования: выявлены особенности функционирования и руководства центрами социальных служб для семьи, детей и молодежи как единой иерархической системы государственных социальных учреждений в Республике Крым; рассмотрена результативность социальной работы с семьями, детьми и молодежью во взаимодействии с другими субъектами социальной работы и правоохранительными органами региона.Результаты исследования заключаются в том, что предложены эффективные пути усовершенствования социальной работы Российской Федерации на основе опыта центров социальных служб для семьи, детей и молодежи в части доступности социальных услуг нуждающимся категориям населения.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в сфере социальной работы государственных учреждений с семьями, детьми и молодежью по обеспечению всестороннего охвата социальными услугами.
СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНОЯЗЫЧНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТЕЙ
Authors: Tarasova Lyudmila Yur’evna
Published: April 2018

В статье рассматривается современное состояние процесса обучения иностранному языку в финансовых университетах и перспективы его развития. Современные экономические, социальные, политические и профессиональные изменения, происходящие в России, ставят перед будущими специалистами новые задачи по развитию их профессионально ориентированной речевой подготовки. На основе анализа научной и методической литературы и собственного педагогического опыта автор статьи обосновывает значимость дисциплины «Иностранный язык» в образовательном пространстве экономического вуза. Анализируется понятие «вторичной языковой личности» и связанные с ней особенности организации процесса иноязычного обучения.Цель. Статья посвящена определению основных составляющих процесса иноязычного образования и путей его оптимизации в современном финансовом университете.Метод или методология проведения работы. На основе анализа научной, педагогической и методической литературы и собственного педагогического опыта обосновано современное состояние иноязычной подготовки студентов экономического профиля.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут использоваться профессорско-преподавательским составом кафедр иностранных языков вузов экономического профиля для оптимизации процесса обучения иностранному языку.
МОТИВАЦИОННЫЕ ПРЕДПОСЫЛКИ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ИНОСТРАННОГО ЯЗЫКА КУРСАНТАМИ СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРОВАННОГО ВУЗА
Authors: Trutneva Tatyana Vladimirovna
Published: April 2018

Цель. В статье рассматриваются актуальная проблема повышения эффективности процесса становления коммуникативной компетенции курсантов специального вуза.Предметом изучения выступает структура мотивационной сферы обучающихся. Автор ставит целью определить возможные пути воздействия на мотивацию изучения иностранных языков.Метод работы. При определении компонентов мотивационной сферы обучаемых наряду с анализом общепризнанных классификаций, учитываются и результаты собственных исследований, проведенных методом опроса и анкетирования курсантов на различных этапах обучения.Результаты работы. Результатом работы являются представленные группы мотивов, определяющие работу курсантов над иностранным языком. Предлагаются пути коррекции мотивационной сферы и развития мотивов учения для специфического контингента будущих специалистов.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут применяться при отборе содержания обучения иностранному языку, при составлении учебных и методических пособий, отборе эффективных методов обучения.
DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSION-ORIENTED TEXTBOOKS ON THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE AS A PREREQUISITE FOR ACCREDITATION BY THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL FOR BUSINESS EDUCATION
Authors: Shmeleva Zhanna Nickolaevna
Published: April 2018

Цель. Статья посвящена вопросам необходимости разработки профессионально-ориентированных учебников по английскому языку для студентов специальности «Менеджмент» в Федеральном государственном бюджетном образовательном учреждении высшего образования «Красноярский государственный аграрный университет». Эти учебники необходимы для получения аккредитации Европейского совета по бизнес-образованию. Автор стремится проанализировать основные принципы разработки учебника и описать, как эти принципы реализуются в учебном пособии «Английский язык для менеджеров».Методы. Автор использует такие методы исследования, как теоретические и эмпирические, включая анализ и синтез информации, имеющейся в психолого-педагогической литературе, а также моделирование, наблюдение и эксперимент.Результаты. В исследовании рассматриваются практические формы разработки учебника для студентов Красноярского государственного аграрного университета, специализирующихся в области менеджмента. Рассмотрена реализация основных дидактических принципов в разработке учебника.Практическое применение и результаты. Результаты исследования могут представлять интерес для учителей английского языка неязыковых высших учебных заведений для реализации положений Болонской декларации. Данная информация может быть использована в качестве руководства по повышению эффективности деятельности неязыковых высших учебных заведений для получения не только государственной, но и зарубежной аккредитации.
ОПЫТ ВКЛЮЧЕНИЯ СОВЕТСКОГО СТУДЕНЧЕСТВА В РЕШЕНИЕ НАРОДНОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ ЗАДАЧ
Authors: Araslanova Anastasiya Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2018

Цель. Статья посвящена изучению опыта включения молодежи в решение значимых народнохозяйственных задач региона, накопленного советской высшей школой. Предметом анализа выступают формы организации научно-исследовательской работы студентов, предполагающие внедрение ее результатов в производство.Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу исследования составляет анализ данных региональных архивов.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что автором описан опыт включения советского студенчества в решения народнохозяйственных задач в условиях территориально-производственных комплексов. Описано участие студентов в выполнении хоздоговорных, госбюджетных научных работ, особенности организации студенческих конструкторских бюро, студенческих конструкторских отрядов, студенческих строительных отрядов и т.п.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены при проектировании взаимодействия высшей школы и производства в настоящее время при построении производственно-образовательных кластеров.
ОБЛАЧНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ КАК СРЕДСТВО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ПЕДАГОГА-ЛОГОПЕДА С РОДИТЕЛЯМИ ДЕТЕЙ, ИМЕЮЩИХ РЕЧЕВЫЕ НАРУШЕНИЯ
Authors: Bekuzarova Natalya Vladimirovna , Ermolovich Elena Vladimirovna , Sokolova Darya Alekseevna
Published: April 2018

Цель. Статья посвящена актуальной в условиях современной логопедии теме взаимодействия между педагогом-логопедом и родителями детей, имеющих речевые нарушения. Предметом анализа выступают виды взаимодействия педагога-логопеда с родителями. Автор ставит целью выявить актуальность применения облачных технологий в взаимодействии педагога-логопеда с родителями на примере собственного опыта с использованием ленты времени.Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу исследования образуют эмпирический и теоретический методы.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что авторы рассматривают наиболее распространённые виды речевых нарушений у детей, описывая основные направления работы по их исправлению. Авторами было выявлено, что при правильном взаимодействии педагога-логопеда с родителями, результаты работы будут намного эффективнее. Исходя из этого, рассматриваются наиболее распространённые виды взаимодействия педагога-логопеда с родителями. Делается вывод о том, что облачные технологии смогут разнообразить формы взаимодействия логопеда и родителей. Кроме того, повысится качество коррекционной работы с детьми, и появится возможность отследить результативность логопедической работы, как родителям, так и самим педагогам.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены педагогами-логопедами при построении взаимодействия с родителями воспитанников дошкольного образовательного учреждения.
Strategic Intellectual Property Sharing: Competition on an Open Technology Platform Under Network Effects
Authors: Niculescu Marius F. , Wu D. J. , Xu Lizhen
Published: April 2018

In this paper, we explore the strategic decision of an incumbent to open a proprietary technology platform to allow same-side co-opetition in a market characterized by network effects. We propose a game-theoretic model that analytically conceptualizes the interplay among the degree of same-side platform openness, the absorptive capacity of the entrant, and the intensity of network effects. Our analysis uncovers interesting new results. First, when entrant product quality is exogenous, under very strong network effects, the incumbent closes the technology. Moreover, we discuss various interesting open-platform co-opetition outcomes that arise under a fully covered market. When the entrant chooses the quality level and the incumbent is strategic in its platform opening decision, we find that intense network effects make new players shun the market, so intellectual property (IP) sharing is not possible in equilibrium. When the network effects are of intermediate intensity, the incumbent opens the technology to the entrants who have a sufficiently high absorptive capacity, calibrating the amount of sharing to the entrant’s absorptive capacity level to ensure that the duopoly setting is mutually beneficial. Our key findings and insights are robust to several model extensions, including scenarios when the incumbent is uncertain of the entrant’s absorptive capacity, or when the entrant incurs a general non-linear development cost structure. We also compare and contrast bounded versus unbounded market scenarios. We further explore the ability of the incumbent to engineer the strength of network effects in the market and uncover non-trivial alternating-monotonicity patterns for the optimal intensity of network effects with respect to the entrant’s absorptive capacity. We also show that a model with exogenous network effects could drastically underestimate the range of entrants’ absorptive capacity values for which the incumbent should open its platform, causing the latter to miss valuable co-opetition opportunities. We also discuss various managerial implications of our theoretical framework.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2017.0756 .
MOTIVAÇÃO DAS DECISÕES: NOTAS SOBRE SEU CONTEÚDO, HISTÓRICO E ALGUMAS CONTRADIÇÕES DO CPC/15
Authors: Porto José Roberto Sotero de Mello , Schenk Leonardo Faria
Published: April 2018

O presente artigo busca analisar o conteúdo do princípio da motivação das decisões judiciais, trazendo breve evolução histórica no ordenamento brasileiro e panorama estrangeiro. Em seguida, é exposto seu patamar de exigência no novo Código de Processo Civil e contradições possivelmente advindas da aplicação da teoria da causa madura em sede de recurso contra sentença nula por ausência de fundamentação (art. 1.013 §3º).
Cyberbullying: Social media companies must take firm action
Authors: Blow Matt
Published: April 2018

YoungMinds, Alex Chalk MP and The Children's Society, released their ‘Safety Net’ report calling on social media companies to take faster, firmer action on tackling cyberbullying. Matt Blow explains what the report finds and why things need to change.
‘Stay Well in Wales’ survey: People's views on public health
Authors: Parr Chris
Published: April 2018

Public Health Wales and Bangor University have recently published the results of the Stay Well in Wales survey, Chris Parr reports on the findings.
Ensuring school nursing practice is evidence-based
Authors: Quinlivan Marie
Published: April 2018

It is important for school nurses to ensure that their work is evidence-based. Marie Quinlivan looks at the different types of evidence and provides useful tips on appraising the quality and applicability of the available research.
Achieving a high uptake for school-based immunisations
Authors: Riley Vicky
Published: April 2018

Over the last 3 years, Stockport has achieved consistently high uptake levels for school-based immunisations, such as the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Vicky Riley shares some of the strategies that the immunisation and school nursing teams have put in place.
Digital technology and the internet: Exploring the risks to children and young people
Authors: Enson Stephanie
Published: April 2018

In today's increasingly digital world, children and young people are being exposed at an increasingly younger age to inappropriate imagery and information.

This article explores some of these risks, such as sexting and cyberbullying, with a particular focus on the impact of exposure to pornography in younger children. Preventative strategies and measures which school nurses and education professionals can implement are also offered.
Supporting students with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Thornton Stephanie
Published: April 2018

Borderline personality disorder can have a substantial impact on children and young people's health and wellbeing and can be very difficult to identify, Stephanie Thornton looks at the potential signs.
Multi-agency Prevent work: A whole-curriculum approach
Authors: Lundie David
Published: April 2018

A recent report into multi-agency Prevent work suggested a shift in focus for this agenda in schools. The report's author, Dr David Lundie sets out his findings.
Body contouring modalities for sculpting the abdomen and flanks
Authors: Glancey Lucy
Published: April 2018

Body contouring involves the use of surgical or non-surgical procedures to create a more desirable body shape. In the case of the abdomen and flanks, treatment can result in the patient having a visibly slimmer waist, especially if the two areas are treated in combination. Nowadays, the hourglass figure, made famous by celebrities such as the Kardashians, is becoming progressively popular among women. Men are also increasingly seeking body enhancement—by slimming the waist, the chest appears visibly bigger, thus creating the illusion of a more masculine appearance. This paper explores the range of body contouring modalities available.
Bleach peeling for melasma: an effective approach to treatment
Authors: Zenker Sabine
Published: April 2018

Melasma is rare before puberty and most commonly occurs in women during their reproductive years. It not only has a notable effect on the appearance of a patient, but also it has a significant impact on his or her psychological wellbeing. Safe and effective treatment of melasma remains a substantial challenge, and it is difficult to find a way to manage the condition in the long term as it tends to reoccur. This article aims to give a comprehensive overview of the treating principles for melasma using tailored topical bleach peel protocols. The article will discuss relevant topical depigmeting agents that can be applied to effectively treat and manage melasma. Treatment protocols are based on more than 20 years of expertise and experience of a dermatologist specialised in treating this skin disease.
The dip: why quitting can be a good thing for your aesthetic clinic's brand
Authors: Ratcliffe Jason
Published: April 2018

Running a successful business is hard work and every idea or initiative that involves an investment of time or money should contribute to the growth of your brand. It is important to identify what tasks are worth persevering with and when to quit while you are ahead. Jason Ratcliffe discusses when it is time to try a different approach, and why your focus should be on becoming number one in your niche
What are the most helpful strategies for managing work-related stress?
Authors: Shah Neil
Published: April 2018

With recent survey findings revealing that 66% of those working in the UK health-care sector are suffering from significant levels of work-related stress, it is important for health professionals to start prioritising their wellbeing. To mark Stress Awareness Month, Neil Shah suggests five stress-busting strategies for nurses to adopt when they are feeling overwhelmed with pressures in the workplace
Medical vs. true physical traffic collision entrapment
Authors: Fenwick Rob , Nutbeam Tim
Published: April 2018

Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are the leading cause of major trauma in the UK. The extrication phase following an MVC represents an important and largely unstudied part of the patient journey from injury to definitive care. Current methods result in significant patient delays and potential for patient deterioration. This article reports on the incidence of medical vs. true physical entrapment following MVCs in a UK population. The low incidence of true physical entrapment (12%) gives significant potential for clinicians to adapt extrication plans to optimise care for each patient.
Handling dyslexia while becoming a paramedic
Authors: Chapman Eleanor
Published: April 2018

In this month's column, 3rd year student Eleanor Chapman describes studying with dyslexia and explains how her learning difficulty is not a hindrance, but a motivation to continue learning.
Experiences of discrimination of Portuguese lesbian women in school during their youth
Authors: Rodrigues Liliana , Grave Rita , Brás Andreia , Cunha Catarina , Petiz João Paulo , Magalhães Sara I. , Nogueira Conceição
Published: April 2018

This study analyses the experiences of discrimination of Portuguese lesbian women in school during their youth. Thirty-one semi-structured interviews were carried out on Portuguese territory with women who self-identify as lesbians. The participant discourses were systematized according to the thematic analysis of qualitative data. The following three main topics emerged from the analysis: (1) (In)visibilities, (2) Homophobia and (3) Reactions. Carrying out this analysis also allowed for the demonstration of existing Discrimination in School Settings (the central organizing concept of this analysis). One of the main study conclusions concerns double discrimination, reflected in double victimization, in association with the participants belonging to a social category, in particular a feminine non-normative sexual orientation. Through omitting the existence of sexual diversity and the lack of information on that subject, the heteronormative school context promotes social exclusion and becomes a potentially unsafe place for young women who self-identify as lesbians. Based on a commitment to social transformation, this study contributes to deepening the critical reflection on the experiences of lesbian women and the processes of exclusion to which they are subjected to in the Portuguese school setting. Simultaneously, the study addresses the main needs and specificities of this social group and thus contributes to the implementation of public policies and the development of critical views fostering diversity and social justice.
Reviews
Authors: Molina Fernando , Rigby Mike , Bezhanova Olga , Aramburu Diana , García Alba Marcé
Published: April 2018

Las dos Españas. Terror and Crisis in Contemporary Spain, Nicholas Manganas (2016) Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, 253 pp., ISBN: 9781845198497, p/bk, £25.00/$34.95

Los Parados: Cómo Viven, Qué Piensan, Por Qué No Protestan, Enric Sanchis (2016) Valencia: University of Valencia Press, 402 pp., ISBN: 9788437099439, p/bk, 18.50 euros

Mexico and the Spanish Civil War: Political Repercussions for the Republican Cause, Mario Ojeda Revah (2015) Brighton/Chicago/Toronto: Sussex Academic Press, 305 pp., ISBN: 9781845196660 h/bk, £60.00 / $74.95; 9781845197728 p/bk, £25.00 / $34.95

Los Límites Del Hispanismo: Nuevos Métodos, Nuevas Fronteras, Nuevos Géneros, Pérez Isasi et al. (2017) Peter Lang: Bern, 217 pp., ISBN: 9783034322676 (p/bk), ISBN: 9781787070868 (ePub), ISBN: 9781787070851 (ePDF), ISBN: 9781787070875 (mobi), €66.70, £45.00
Einführung eines Virtual Bookshelf für die HSG-Lehrbuchsammlung – ein Praxisbericht
Authors: Buob Sandra , Nimke Matthias
Published: April 2018

Für die Verbesserung der Sichtbarkeit von E-Books gibt es bereits verschiedene sogenannte Blended Shelfs, die E-Books und Printbücher gleichzeitig anzeigen können. Mittels Touchscreen-Funktionen lässt sich der Bestand durchsuchen, eingrenzen und genauer ansehen. Im Rahmen eines Projektes an der Universitätsbibliothek St. Gallen (HSG) wurde zu Beginn des Herbstsemesters 2017 ein solches Rechercheinstrument für die Lehrbuchsammlung entsprechend den eigenen Bedürfnissen realisiert. Mit diesem Praxisbericht soll gezeigt werden, welche Überlegungen, „Stolpersteine“ und Lösungen dieses Projekt begleitet haben.
Herausforderungen einer Modernisierung im laufenden Betrieb: Die Campusbibliothek der Universität Kassel
Authors: Halle Axel
Published: April 2018

Die Campusbibliothek der Universität Kassel wurde 1981–1988 errichtet. 2006 wurden im Rahmen einer Flächenbedarfsanalyse erhebliche Brandschutzmängel festgestellt. Die Sanierung erfolgt bei laufendem Betrieb in drei Bauabschnitten, deren erster im April 2017 fertiggestellt wurde. Im Planungs- und Sanierungszeitraum wurde ein umfassender organisatorischer und konzeptioneller Transformationsprozess vollzogen. Neben der vollständigen Nutzerselbstbedienung werden qualitativ hochwertige, differenzierte Lernmöglichkeiten geboten.
Aktives Forschungsdatenmanagement
Authors: Neuroth Heike , Engelhardt Claudia , Klar Jochen , Ludwig Jens , Enke Harry
Published: April 2018

Forschungsdatenmanagement und damit einhergehend Forschungsdatenmanagementpläne nehmen national und international an Bedeutung zu. Nicht nur, dass verschiedene Förderorganisationen wie die National Science Foundation (USA), der Schweizerische Nationalfonds (SNF), die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) sowie die Europäische Kommission mit Horizon 2020 (H2020) bereits bei Projektanträgen Auskunft über den Umgang mit den nachgenutzten oder erstellten Forschungsdaten verlangen, es beschäftigen sich auch mehr und mehr Initiativen wie zum Beispiel international die Research Data Alliance oder in Deutschland die DINI/nestor-Arbeitsgruppe Forschungsdaten mit dem Thema. International setzt sich dabei mehr und mehr die Erkenntnis durch, dass es im Umgang mit Forschungsdaten nicht mit einem einmaligen Erstellen eines Forschungsdatenmanagementplans getan ist, sondern dass sich die Pläne aktiv dem Verlauf des Forschungsprozesses anpassen und für verschiedene Bedarfe zur Verfügung gestellt werden müssen. So kann es sinnvoll und notwendig sein, weitere Beteiligte wie zum Beispiel IT-Support oder übergeordnete Datenmanager beim Erstellen und Aktualisieren eines Forschungsdatenmanagementplans zu berücksichtigen. Daher muss ein Werkzeug zur Unterstützung von diesen Plänen über das bloße Ausfüllen von Vorlagen der Förderorganisation hinaus weitere Aufgaben erfüllen und so den gesamten Prozess des Forschungsdatenmanagements unterstützen. Der Research Data Management Organiser (RDMO) ist ein solches Werkzeug, das im Rahmen eines DFG-Projektes entwickelt und mit Hilfe unterschiedlicher Gruppen von Nutzenden getestet wurde. Das RDMO-Tool ist multilingual, flexibel an Community- und Organisationsanforderungen anpassbar und unterstützt verschiedene Aufgaben wie zum Beispiel unterschiedliche Export-Funktionen oder die Erledigung zeitlich gebundener Tasks. In einem DFG-Nachfolgeprojekt, das Ende 2017 gestartet ist, werden in RDMO wichtige Erweiterungen sowohl technischer Art als auch bezogen auf verschiedene Aspekte der Nachhaltigkeit vorgenommen.
Determination of refractive index and thickness of YbF3 thin films deposited at different bias voltages of APS ion source from spectrophotometric methods
Authors: Zhang Yinhua , Xiong Shengming , Huang Wei , Zhang Kepeng
Published: April 2018

Ytterbium fluoride (YbF3) single thin films were prepared on sapphire and monocrystalline silicon substrates through conventional thermal evaporation and ion beam-assisted deposition (IAD), at bias voltages ranging from 50 to 160 V of the Leybold advanced plasma source (APS). By using the Cauchy dispersion model, the refractive index and thickness of the YbF3 thin films were obtained by fitting the 400–2500 nm transmittance of the monolayer YbF3 thin films on the sapphire substrate. At the same time, the refractive index and thickness of the YbF3 thin films on the monocrystalline silicon substrates were also measured using the VASE ellipsometer at wavelength from 400 to 2200 nm. The results showed that the refractive index deviation of the YbF3 thin films between the fitted values by the transmittance spectra and the measured values by the VASE ellipsometer was <0.02 and the relative deviation of the thickness was <1%. Furthermore, the refractive index of the YbF3 thin films increased with increasing APS bias voltage. The conventional YbF3 thin films and the IAD thin films deposited at low bias voltage revealed a negative inhomogeneity, and a higher bias voltage is beneficial for improving the homogeneity of YbF3 thin films.
The Simplest Non-Expected Utility Model for Lottery and Portfolio Choices
Authors: Butler Richard , Lambson Val
Published: April 2018

This paper explores a particularly simple model of choice under risk, based on geometric means and entropy. Despite its simplicity, it satisfies various prudence and risk aversion conditions, is consistent with the Allais paradox, and generates various insurance-related results. Within a portfolio framework with compounded reinvestments, our index fits the risks/rewards data from post-war US stock market returns and recent international markets, at least as well as does the standard deviation measures more typically used. It also generates returns that are consistent with the equity premium puzzle.
Das E.T.A. Hoffmann Portal der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Authors: Schmitz Christina , Heindl Barbara
Published: April 2018

Mit dem E.T.A. Hoffmann Portal hat die Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin ein Angebot entwickelt, in dem innovative Wege zur Vernetzung der Bibliothek mit Forschung und Lehre, aber auch mit weiteren Kooperationspartnern wie Buchkünstlern, Verlagen und Kultureinrichtungen eingeschlagen und damit neue Märkte erschlossen werden. Neben Kernelementen wie einer digitalen Präsentation verschiedenster Materialien von und zu E.T.A. Hoffmann aus unterschiedlichen Einrichtungen und einem datenbankübergreifenden Rechercheinstrument bietet das Portal auch eine Plattform für elektronische Fachpublikationen, Module für den Schulunterricht und interaktive Themenschwerpunkte.
The Heterogeneous Cyclicality of Income and Wages Among the Distribution in the UK
Authors: Cervini-Plá María , López-Villavicencio Antonia , Silva José I.
Published: April 2018

We investigate the cyclicality of real hourly wages and income using individual data for the UK over the 1991–2013 period. By paying special attention to the heterogeneity among different earnings and income groups, we document that individuals at the top of the distribution are more cyclical than lower ones. We also show that real wages and income are roughly acyclical for low-wage and low-income workers. In particular, we present evidence that the adjustment for low-paid workers takes place through transitions to and from unemployment.
Analysis of Bowel Diseases from Blood Serum by Autofluorescence and Atomic Force Microscopy Techniques
Authors: Tomečková Vladimíra , Tóth Štefan , Tóth Tímea , Komanický Vladimír , Krajčíková Kristína , Široká Monika , Glinská Gabriela , Pella Dominik , Mašlanková Jana , Tomečko Marián , Hakim Tamer , Štefanič Peter
Published: April 2018

Diagnosis of bowel diseases is often difficult and time consuming since it is not always possible to obtain adequate information by the conventional diagnostic methods to set up a diagnosis and exclude nongastrointestinal causes of symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of blood serum samples of patients with selected intestinal diseases. The blood serum samples of patients (N=35) with selected diagnoses (mesenteric thrombosis, inflammatory bowel disease, duodenal ulcers, sepsis, enterorrhagia, sigmoid colon resection, small intestine cancer) and of healthy subjects were evaluated by synchronous fluorescence fingerprint and atomic force microscopy. Autofluorescence of blood serum studied at λex = 280 nm showed significant decrease of fluorescence intensity in patients with all types of diseases affecting bowels in comparison with the healthy control patients. The blood serum surface of ill patients showed significant differences in comparison with control group samples after atomic force microscopy evaluation as well. Irregularly placed small globular units of irregular shape in small amounts are possible to observe in patients with intestine ischemia. Fluorescence analysis and atomic force microscopy showed the ability to rapidly reflect qualitative and quantitative changes of proteins in blood serum samples of patients. These sensitive methods could be beneficial for monitoring the progression of both acute or chronic bowel diseases.
Damping mathematical modelling and dynamic responses for FRP laminated composite plates with polymer matrix
Authors: Liu Qimao
Published: April 2018

This paper proposes an assumption that the fibre is elastic material and polymer matrix is viscoelastic material so that the energy dissipation depends only on the polymer matrix in dynamic response process. The damping force vectors in frequency and time domains, of FRP (Fibre-Reinforced Polymer matrix) laminated composite plates, are derived based on this assumption. The governing equations of FRP laminated composite plates are formulated in both frequency and time domains. The direct inversion method and direct time integration method for nonviscously damped systems are employed to solve the governing equations and achieve the dynamic responses in frequency and time domains, respectively. The computational procedure is given in detail. Finally, dynamic responses (frequency responses with nonzero and zero initial conditions, free vibration, forced vibrations with nonzero and zero initial conditions) of a FRP laminated composite plate are computed using the proposed methodology. The proposed methodology in this paper is easy to be inserted into the commercial finite element analysis software. The proposed assumption, based on the theory of material mechanics, needs to be further proved by experiment technique in the future.
Have Public Finances in the OECD Area Been Sustainable?
Authors: Ferraz Ricardo
Published: April 2018

The aim of this article is to test, from an empirical standpoint, the existence of sustainable public finances in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) area as a whole, over the most recent period of the world economy, 1973-2016. The research methods include not only standard stationarity tests, but also tests, which allow for a structural break. The relevant results of this research are a stationary public budget balance expressed as a percentage of GDP and a debt to GDP ratio that is stationary in first differences. According to the literature, this means that a “necessary and sufficient” condition is fulfilled for proving the existence of a strong sustainability. We hope this research can make a valuable contribution to the debate regarding public finances in the world economy. To obtain other relevant conclusions, additional tests will need to be performed in the future in order to assess which members are contributing to the fiscal sustainability of the OECD aggregate.
Discussion: The local practice of “Global Chinese”
Authors: Lou Jackie Jia
Published: April 2018

This special issue provides a timely and valuable contribution to our understanding of the emergence of Chinese as a global language and the entanglement of language ideologies and practice with economic incentives, political ideologies, and cultural identities behind it. Taking us from Kathmandu, Nepal, to Taiwan, and to Vancouver, Canada, each of the papers situates the discussion in diverse geopolitical contexts and offers concrete analysis of how the shift in the political and economic landscape of nation-states on the macro level impacts individual decisions and practices on the micro level. Drawing upon a range of key concepts and themes in sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology, this special issue also prompts us to reflect upon the parallels and divergences between Chinese as an emerging global language and the status quo of English. In this discussion, I attempt to bring together these diverse perspectives and approaches through the lens of Bourdieu’s social theory of practice, focussing particularly on the concepts of cultural capital, field, and habitus.
A short history of written Wu, Part I
Authors: Snow Don , Xiayun Zhou , Senyao Shen
Published: April 2018

In two articles published in the 1920s, Hu Shi argued that China’s vernacular literature movement should encompass not only literature written in Mandarin but also other regional languages in China, and suggested that Wu, particularly Suzhounese, was the regional language most likely to achieve what he described as “independence” (独立) as a literary language. Beginning in the late Ming dynasty with Feng Menglong’s Mountain Songs collection, this study traces the literary journey of Suzhounese as used in various types of written texts such as Kun opera scripts,tancinovels, fiction, and Wu song texts into the early 20th century. This study argues that while written Suzhounese never achieved full independence as a literary language, and could now be said to have gone into decline, its more than 300-year history deserves more attention than it normally receives in histories of the Chinese literary tradition. This is not only because of the scale of its use and its degree of social influence, but also because the memory of this substantial literary tradition lives on and gives greater legitimacy to use of written Wu – particularly Shanghainese – in contemporary print culture in China.
Synthetic DNA filaments: from design to applications
Authors: Pfeifer Wolfgang , Saccà Barbara
Published: April 2018

Natural filaments, such as microtubules and actin filaments, are fundamental components of the cell. Despite their relatively simple linear structure, filaments play a number of crucial roles in living organisms, from scaffolding to cellular adhesion and motility. The mechanical properties of natural filaments mostly rely on the structural features of the component units and on the way they are connected together, thus providing an ideal molecular model for emulation purposes. In this review, we describe the progresses done in this field using DNA for the rational design of synthetic filamentous-like materials with tailored structural and physical characteristics. We firstly survey the strategies that have been adopted until now for the construction of individual DNA building components and their programmable self-assembly into linear oligomeric structures. We then describe the theoretical models of polymer elasticity applied to calculate the bending strength of DNA filaments, expressed in terms of persistence length. Finally, we report some of the most exciting examples of truly biomimetic DNA filaments, which are capable of mimicking not only the sophisticated structural features of their natural counterparts but also their responsiveness to external stimuli, thus resulting in active motion and growing networks between distant loci.
Solvability of Anti-periodic BVPs for Impulsive Fractional Differential Systems Involving Caputo and Riemann–Liouville Fractional Derivatives
Authors: Liu Yuji
Published: April 2018

Sufficient conditions are given for the existence of solutions of anti-periodic value problems for impulsive fractional differential systems involving both Caputo and Riemann–Liouville fractional derivatives. We allow the nonlinearitiesp(t)f(t,x,y,z,w)$p(t)f(t,x,y,z,w)$andq(t)g(t,x,y,z,w)$q(t)g(t,x,y,z,w)$in fractional differential equations to be singular att=0$t=0$andt=1$t=1$. Bothf$f$andg$g$may be super-linear and sub-linear. The analysis relies on some well known fixed point theorems. The initial value problem discussed may be seen as a generalization of some ecological models. An example is given to illustrate the efficiency of the main theorems. Many unsuitable lemmas in recent published papers are pointed out in order not to mislead readers. A conclusion section is given at the end of the paper.