bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The risk of conventional X-RAY for abdominal examination at different Erbil hospitals
Authors: Tahr Ali Runak
Published: January 2024

Thermo luminescent dosimeters (TLDs) have been used to measure the entrance surface doses (ESDs) of patients undergoing abdomen diagnostic X-ray examinations in Erbil. A total of three public hospitals and 286 patients were included in this investigation. The ages of the patients involved were from 40 years to 85 years, while their weights ranged from 64 kg to 71 kg. Mean, of ESDs are reported. The results showed that in most cases of the examinations, the individual ESD values are found to be comparable with, and higher than, those from Ghana and Tanzania, respectively. The ranges found in this work are high and this indicates more attention needs to be given to X-ray facilities in the country. This also suggests that radiographic departments need to review their radiographic practices in order to bring their doses to optimum levels. Effective doses were also calculated from the ESD values. The radiographic parameters used for all the patients were also compared with the European criteria. It is recommended that the tube filtration at one hospital be increased. The importance of good regulatory activities and trained personnel is stressed in this work. Apart from the fact that the data provided in this work will be useful for the formulation of national guidance levels, they also provide patient dosimeter information on healthcare level countries.
Pre- and post-pubertal Upregulation of testicular IGF-1 gene using passive immunization against inhibin Î± subunit in neonate rats
Authors: A. A. Al-Sa'aidi Jabber , Salih Mohammed , H. Al-Ali A.
Published: January 2024

The present study has been conducted to evaluate the effect of neonatal passive immunization against inhibin Î± subunit on testicular mRNA expression level of IGF-1 gene during prepubertal and pubertal stage in male rats. Thirty male rats (weighted 21.5Â±1.32 g, aged 15 days) were randomly assigned into two equal groups; antiserum treated and control groups, received inhibin-Î± antiserum (100Î¼l of physiological saline containing 1Î¼g antiserum, i.p.) and physiological saline (100Î¼l, i.p.) at the 15th and 18th days old. Five males from each group were sacrificed at the 23th, 30th and 50th days old. Testis samples were obtained for evaluation of mRNA expression level of IGF-1 gene using RT- PCR. Testis of 50d treated male rats showed higher expression level of IGF-1 gene compared with control, while 23d and 30d showed insignificant changes between studied groups. In conclusion, passive immunization against endogenous circulating inhibin during prepubertal age can perform potent role in testicular functional status and performance in the males after puberty.
Physiological changes of pneumoperitoneum during laproscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: O. AL-Muhammadi Mohammad , Mosa AL-Rekabi Adel , Salim AL-Mosayi Hamida
Published: January 2024

Background: Recently, the frequency and indication for laparoscopic surgery have increased, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been widely accepted as an alternative to laparotomy.To carry out the laparoscopic procedure, a pressure gas, most commonly co2 is used. It is important to know the pathophysiological changes that are caused by an increase in intra-abdominal pressure and by the absorption of co2 from an co2 pneumoperitoneum. Aim this study; aims to estimate some physiological changes that caused by pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients and methods: one hundred patients were included in this study randomly selected and consisted of (80 females) and (20 males) their ages were between 19-65 years. Those patients were underwent elective aparoscopic cholecystectomy. we measured some clinical and biochamical parameters (pulmonary function tests, liver function tests, serum urea and creatinine) 24hr before operation as control and 24hr after operation , also we measured end tidal co2(ETCO2),serum aldosterone, potassium and sodium before insufflation of CO2(as control)and at the end of insufflation ,blood pressure and heart rate recorded at different time throughout the operation.

Results: there is a statistically significant changes in haemodynamic responses (systolic, diastolic and heart rate) after pneumoperitoneum and changes in position; Pulmonary function tests (VC, FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC) show highly significant decrease (p<0.01) ,highly significant increase (p<0.01) in serum level of ALT and AST enzymes 24hrs post-operative . There was highly significant increase (p<0.01) in ETCO2, serum aldosterone and serum potassium level . Serum sodium, urea and creatinine show no significant changes.Conclusion: we concluded that laparoscopic cholecystectomy causes notable physiological alteration intraoperatively and postoperatively, caused mainly by pneumoperitoneum and change in position.
Efficacy of oral doxycycline in treatment of red face syndrome subjects : A prospective noncontrolled case-series study
Authors: Abdul-Jaleel Usama , Agab Sarhan Aqeel , H. Ganduh Safaa
Published: January 2024

Background: Red face syndrome is a chronic burning erythema of the face that occurs after prolonged application of topical corticosteroid and characterized by flare-ups after trial of corticosteroid withdrawal.It is mediated by nitric oxide overproduction. Doxycycline was found to inhibit inducible nitric oxide synathase .Objective: to assess the efficacy of oral doxycyline and corticosteroid withdrawal in hastening the resolution of red face syndromeMethods : In this prospective non-controlled case series study, 68 patients were identified as having red face syndrome by dermatologist in Al-Diwanyia Teaching Hospital , from July 2011 to September 2011 and they have been treated with oral doxycycline and corticosteroid withdrawal.

Results : 66 patients completed the study while 2 patients stopped treatment because of severe gastric upset .Oral doxycycline was significantly able to decrease the total score of the clinical complaints after 4 weeks treatment (7.3 0.46) compared to baseline (12  significant decrease in the total scores at baseline (12 0.32) (P<0.05).Conclusion : oral doxycycline seems to be effective in treatment of red face syndrome
Role of albumin concentration on the level of bilirubin in the neonatal jaundice
Authors: A. AL.Kafagi Akeel , AL.Hujia Nasma
Published: January 2024

Jaundice occurs in most newborn infants. Most jaundice is benign, but because of the potential toxicity of bilirubin, newborn infants must be monitored to identify those who might develop severe hyperbilirubinemia and, in rare cases, acute bilirubin encephalopathy or kernicterus. Many factors may contributes to this unwanted outcome amongst this is the concentration of albumin. The focus of this guideline is to determine the relationship between the level of serum bilirubin and the concentration of the albumin in neonatal jaundice. The result revealed no significant changes was observed for the albumin concentration on the level of bilirubin.
Molecular and immunological study for detection of IL-6 in men infected with Trichomonas vaginalis parasite in Al-Najaf province; Iraq
Authors: K.AL- Hadraawy Saleem , M. M. Al-Kafagy Salh , K. A .Al-Hadraawy Maysoon
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research was to diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis by use PCR technique and evaluate interleukin-6 (IL-6) in men infected with Trichomonas vaginalis; urine and blood specimens were collected from 85 men whom have visited the department of infertility at Al-Sadder medical city, Al-Zahra Hospital in Najaf Province during the period from June till October, 2012. Twenty healthy looking age matched men taken to serum tubes and serum was separated. Serum was used for evolution of the IL-6.The IL-6 was evaluated in serum using ELISA technique .Trichomonas vaginalis was isolated from 15 men with a prevalence rate 17.64% by using PCR technique. The results revealed a significant increase in IL-6 in men infected with Trichomonas vaginalis in compared to control group and the PCR is accurate method used in diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis parasite.
Influence of advanced maternal age on histology of full term human placenta in Basrah
Authors: Bader Jawad Hassna
Published: January 2024

Advanced maternal age defines as age over 35 years at estimated date of delivery.The aims of this research were to determine the impact of maternal age on placental barrier thickness, fetal and placental weight .The study was conducted one total of 25 human full term placentas of multiparous healthy pregnant women obtained from department of Obstetrics and Gynecology unit in Bin Gazwan hospital in Basrah .The examined women were divided into 2 groups ;the control group of consisted of 10 placentas from pregnant women between age of( 20 -34) years and experimental group consisted of 15 placenta from pregnant women of 35years old and older .Stereological and histological study were applied to determine the effect of advanced maternal age on placental barrier and fetal and placental weight . The results showed:1. Increase in the mean of placental barrier thickness of the placenta of mother >35 years than that of placenta of control group (20-34) .2. Increase in the main placental weight of mothers >35 years in comparison to that of the control . .3. Decrease in mean birth weight of mothers > 35 years in comparison to that of control.4. Extensive morphological changes in the structural component of terminal villi (capillaries, stroma and trophoblast). The results showed that there is an increase in the thickness of placental barrier of placenta, decrease in vascularization of the terminal villi and increase in stoma and fibrin deposition in the placenta of mothers more than 35 years of age in comparison to the control group .
Evaluation of A Disintegrin and Metalloprotein33 Gene Polymorphism in Bronchial Asthma
Authors: M. khadhim Manal , T. AL-Damerchi Ali , A. Kazaal Meraim
Published: January 2024

Background: A disintegrin and metalloprotein 33 (ADAM33) gene is the first asthma candidate gene identified by positional cloning, may be associated with lung function decline and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. However, replication results have been inconclusive in smaller previous study populations probably due to inconsistence in asthma phenotypes or yet unknown environmental influences. This study aimed to further elucidate the role of ADAM33 polymorphisms (SNPs) in a genetic analysis of our case- control. Materials and methods: One polymorphic sites (V4) of ADAM33 gene was genotyped in 69 patients with bronchial asthma, and 20 healthy controls. Genotypes were determined by the polymerase chain restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and SPSS version 20 computer software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) in association with Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: The single nucleotide polymorphisms V4 G/C, of the ADAM33 gene may be participate in the susceptibility of bronchial asthma in the Iraqi population. Conclusion: Although ADAM33-V4 polymorphism not associated with asthma in many population, our study confirmed significant correlation between ADAM33-V4 and asthma .
Evaluation of treatment modalities of acute idiopathic throm- bocytopenic purpura in Al-zahraa teaching hospital in Al-Najaf
Authors: A . AL-Bakaa Aymen
Published: January 2024

Background: Acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(I.T.P) is a bleeding disorder in which the immune system for unknown reason produce antibodies against platelets, which are necessary for normal blood clotting resulting in decrease number of circulating platelets, manifested itself by bleeding tendency, easy brusing or extravasation of blood from capillaries in the skin and mucous membrane .Objective: to choose the most appropriate therapy for acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura management .Methods : 65 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study, who were admitted to AL-Zahraa teaching hospital from January 2000 to January 2010 . Relevant information were collected according to preceding data collection sheet that include age, sex, initial hemoglobin and platelets count, treatment given, response to therapyâ€¦These patients subdivided into 3 groups according to initial drug used for their management either prednisolone, I.V.immunoglobulin-G, or anti-D. The response was analyzed according to rapid rise of platelets number in the pre-treatment state. chronic cases of I.T.P were excluded from this study .Results: All patients were aged from 2-12 years with peaks of 2-5 years. Sex ratio (female\male) of 1:1.7 .Our study showed that out of 65 patients, 37(57%) of them were assigned as group 1 who received prednisolone as a conventional therapy ,the response was noted in 31( 86.5%) after few days of treatment. Regarding group 2 patients received I.V immunoglobulin-G, the response of platelets rise was noted in 16( 89%) of cases out of 18 patients . While(10) patients in group 3 who received anti-D as main line of treatment to Rh-positive individuals, the response is observed in only 6( 60%) of cases .Conclusion: Regarding various treatment modalities of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ,it has been noted that oral prednisolone is the best, single, readily available, inexpensive drug that can be taken orally and as outpatient .Recommendation:The availability of other treatment options such as I.V-immunoglobulin-G should be adopted in our hospitals in cases of life- threatening illness as it induces more rapid rise in platelets in comparison with other drugs.
Hypercalcemia of malignancy
Authors: Mohsin Husain Talib
Published: January 2024

Hypercalcemia is the most common life threatening metabolic disorder associated with neoplastic diseases, occurring in an estimated 10-20% of all persons with cancer.Solid tumors (such as lung or breast cancer) as well as hematological malignancies (particularly multiple myeloma) are frequently associated with hypercalcemia.Our study aims to detect the incidence of hypercalcemia in variable malignancies,130 patients, 67 female and 63 male who are presented to surgical and medical wards as a proved cases of malignancies by histopathological and/ or cytological examination were included in a prospective study in which serum was obtained with out use of tourniquet in supine position to measure total serum calcium, from all patients collected there were only 7 having hypercalcemia, 3 out of them were having breast cancer, 1 lung cancer, 1lymphoma, 1leukaemia and 1GIT cancer, thus from this study we concluded that the breast cancer is the most common tumor associated with hypercalcemia and this can accuse hypercalcemia in female more than male .
A comparative Adsorption Study for Fe in Ferrosam and Hemavit Drugs on Iraqi Bentonite clay
Authors: A. AL-Saadie Khulood , A. AL-Ma'amar Ali , M. AL-Mousawi Israa
Published: January 2024

Bentonite clay is widely used in pharmaceutical industry and medical applications. A batch adsorption system has been applied to study the differences between the adsorption of Fe in ferrosam (FeSO4.7H2O) and Fe in hemavit (C4H2FeO4) on the Iraqi bentonite. The adsorption percentage (Q%) of Fe in ferrosam reached to (96.2 - 96.6)% while the percentage for hemavit reached to (71.3- 80.7)% at the temperature range (303-323) K.The adsorption isotherms for ferrosam was a Langmuir type while the adsorption isotherm for hemavit was Freundlich type. Thermodynamics and kinetics parameters of the adsorption of two drugs has been calculated in details. The results were shown that higher adsorption of Fe in ferrosam as (inorganic formula) than the adsorption of Fe in hemavit as (organic formula).
Asymptomatic Thyroid dysfunction in patients of chronic renal failure
Authors: Hussein Jasim Ahmed , Mehdi Moeen Haider , Hussein Alwan Ali
Published: January 2024

Fifty patients with chronic renal insufficiency underwent clinical evaluation & studies of thyroid function the results were compared with age & sex-matched controls. (20%) of patients had biochemical hypothyroidism with low serum T3, T4, & high serum TSH. All the members of the control group were biochemically euthyroid. The mean values of serum T3, T4 were significantly lower & mean serum TSH was significantly higher as compared to controls. There was no correlation of thyroid functions with decrease in renal function. To conclude thyroid dysfunction occurs both clinically & biochemically in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.
Risk factors for perforation in acute appendicitis
Authors: Hasan Sagir Imad
Published: January 2024

This prospective study was carried out on 720 patients with acute appendicitis admitted to the surgical unit at Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital over a period of 3 years from January 2010 to December 2012. The data of the patients regarding clinical history,physical examination, investigations,operative findings and histopathology reports were analyzed .Acute appendicitis was more common in the second decade of life (44.4%) and was more common in males(55.97%) than in females (44.02%) .Perforated appendicitis was found in 144 pateints (20%).The incidence of perforated appendicitis was high in males (56.25%) as compared to females (43.75%). The risk factors for perforation in acute appendicitis include:extremes of age (< 10 years and > 60 years) ,delayed presentation (> 72 hours), diabetes mellitus ,steroid dependency , elevated temperature (>38ËšC) ,raised WBC count (>18.000\ mm3), pelvic appendix ,obstructive appendicitis (fecolith) , and pregnancy (the P-value was <0.05). The morbidity and mean hospital stay were more in perforated appendicitis than in non perforated appendicitis .The mortality rate in perforated appendicitis was (2.08%) , while there was no death recorded in non-perforated appendicitis. We should be aggressive in the treatment of appendicitis in high risk patients, so once acute appendicitis is diagnosed , the expedient surgery and appropriate use of perioperative antibiotics can help to minimize the morbidity and mortality.
Rosuvastatin Add On Metformin In The Treatment Of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Al-Gareeb Ali , I. Mohammad Bassim , Salah Abd Al- Amieer Wafaa , J. Al-Mayahi Thabat
Published: January 2024

Background:-Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is common in women of reproductive age and itâ€™s commonly associated with endocrinal and biochemical derangements. Moreover PCOS also associated with increase cardiovascular risks such as adverse lipid profile and endothelial dysfunction. Recently, statins have been shown to improve endocrine and metabolic aspects of PCOS.Aim of the study:-The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of rosuvastatin as adjuvant therapy in treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome.Materials and methods:-The study was conducted at Al-Kadhemia Teaching Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from February 2014 to December 2015. In this study 96 women with PCOS randomly divided equally to two study groups; Group (A) in which patients were allocated to receive metformin (500 mg three times a day) plus rosuvastatin (10 mg/day) and group (B) in which patients were allocated to receive metformin (500 mg three times a day)plus placebo for 12 weeks. Blood samples were obtained before and after treatment for determination of fasting blood sugar, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, serum testosterone and total lipid profile.Results:-At the end of study period, 89 patients complete the study (45 patients in Group A vs 44 patients in Group B). There were a significant decreases observed in both groups with respect to body mass index, fasting blood glucose, testosterones and luteinizing hormone whereas dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride declined significantly only in Group A.Conclusions:-Rosuvastatin as adjuvant therapy in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome has many beneficial effects.
Molecular study for the virulence strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients
Authors: Abdul jabbar Al-Zubaidi Lubna
Published: January 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa became an important cause of wound and burn infections and serious mortality in burn patients. The virulence factors of these bacteria including their capacity to form biofilm, their ability to hold antibiotics resistance genes as well as rapid motility in vivo and in vitro. Thus the present study was designed to highlight some the virulence factors among different strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All isolated strains (10 isolates) had the capacity to produce biofilm ,one of them (No.3) has shown high level of biofilm (OD.2.5) and it was resisted to most antimicrobial agents; for this reason further investigation was carried out including gene expression by PCR technique and motility. Results showed that all strains were able to resist most common antibiotics; the molecular study for Strain 3 gave clear band of gene size 1.2pb which is responsible for resistance to aminoglycoside group. Understanding the virulence factors mechanisms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is of a big importance in order to reduce the mortality in burn patients.
Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis among women in Al-Diwaniya city by using Amselâ€™s criteria and Nugentâ€™s scores
Authors: S. Al-Taweel Rana , S. Naher Habeeb , Y. Albeldawi Abdaladeem
Published: January 2024

This study has been conducted in Al-Diwaniya city through the period from December 2012 to December 2013, in order to investigate the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis, by using the clinical criteria and the scoring system. Results showed that only 6.25% had BV according to the clinical criteria. Accordingly, Amsel×³s criteria had low sensitivity (16.66%), but with high specificity (95.69%). The vaginal pH was the most sensitive criterion, while the most specific one was the clue cells (100% for both). According to Nugent×³s scores, 18 women in this group had BV (prevalence, 16.07%), 93 women were without this syndrome, and one women had unreported condition previously in Iraq; that is cytolytic vaginosis which is mainly characterize by low vaginal pH and an increase in numbers of lactobacilli.
Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Authors: Rajeh Jaber Mazin
Published: January 2024

introduction: The relationship between sensorineural hearing loss and Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media remains a controversial. damage of the cochlea and high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss was suggested to arise from passage of toxic substances and the drugs from the middle ear through the round window membrane into the inner ear.Aim of study : To evaluate the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss in ears with chronic otitis media.Method: This is prospective a study, consisted of 120 patients. They were 90 males and 30 females . they had been assessed at Otolaryngology department in Al-Diwania Teaching Hospital , in Al-Diwania city , Iraq, between January 2013 to December 2013, the age range from 10-60 years . inclusion criteria are as follows: unilateral continuous otorrhea through a perforated tympanic membrane for at least 3 months, normal tympanic membrane in the contralateral ear based on otoscopy. We do pure tone audiometry( PTA) for every Patient Exclusion criteria are history of head trauma or meningitis, previous tympanomastoid surgery, history of noise exposure ,systemic ototoxic drug therapy, family history of congenital or acquired sensorineural hearing loss, and post-traumatic tympanic membrane perforation. The control used was the contralateral ear with normal otoscopy.Results: The mean bone conduction threshold in the diseased ear was 38.33 dB, and 10.1 dB in the control ear. The mean bone conduction threshold differences between the diseased and control ears range from 18.96 to 35.4dB across the frequencies 0.5,1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kHz. These differences tended to increase with increasing frequency and were all significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Patients with chronic suppurative otitis media had a significant degree of sensorineural hearing loss in this study. The higher frequencies were more affected
Blood group relationship with hypertension
Authors: Jabbar Dibby Huda
Published: January 2024

This study was carried out on two groups of subjects who are attending general medicine outpatient department in Al-diwaniya teaching hospital & some privet clinic during the period from September 2011 to October2013 . the age range of both group was 35- 70 years of both sexes . The Control group consist of normal 285 healthy subjects ,including 188 males and 97 females while the patients group consist of 210 patients who are suffering from hypertension of which 125 male & 85 females. determination of blood group using antisera was done for each subject. It was founded that blood group O is more predominant among hypertensive patients , no significant difference was founded between both sex among hypertensive patients.
A comparison of conjunctival rotation flap and autoconjunctival graft techniques in pterygium surgery at aldiwaniah teaching hospital from 2007_2013
Authors: Abdalameer hadi Hassanen , Hassan alrikabi Hassanen
Published: January 2024

purpose: to compare the result of conjunictival flap and autograft in term of recurrence rate and complication in Pterygium surgery.Methods: A total of sixty patients(twenty five male and thirty five female) operated for pterygium with conjunctival autografts(in 25 eyes) or conjuctival flap(in 35 eyes) technique at diwanyia teaching hospital and with 18 months follow-up were registered. Patients were called for voluntary examinations of their respective ocular surface status .Result: Mean age was 42.5 years (range, 23â€“75), 58.33% of the patients were male, and 75% worked predominantly outdoors. Mean follow-up was 12 months (range, 3â€“18)Recurrence rate was 8%in graft,8.6%in flap, however edema was less in flap and granuloma was nil in both.Conclusions: After a long follow-up period for autograft and conjunctival flap pterygium surgery, there were no statistically significant differences in recurrence rates ,as well as flap is faster and easier technique with less postoperative edema.
Inferior rectal nerve block as analgesic for haemorroid surgery
Authors: Abdullah Ali Al-Khafaji Raad
Published: January 2024

Aim : Is to evaluate the effectiveness of Inferior Rectal Nerve block ( IRNB ) in hemorrhoid surgery for post operative ( post op ) pain in the first 24 hours.Aim:The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of IRNB as analgesic in haemorrhoid surgery in the first 24 hours post op.Methods:Efficacy of IRNB for hemorrhoid surgeries was prospectively evaluated on 200 consecutive patients over 14 months. Patients were divided into 2 groups. 100 patients received LA ( Twenty ml of local anesthetic ( 10 ml 0.25% bupivacaine and 10 ml 1% lignocaine with adrenaline was infiltrated into the anal sphincter under GA ( Group A ) , and 100 patients did not receive IRNB ( group B ). Rescue analgesia in the form of tramadol and diclofenac was available.Duration of analgesia; postoperative pain based on verbal response score (VAS 0-10); and complications were analyzed and recorded.Results:200 open haemorrhoidectomies were performed. Injection was done just after commencing GA , and 5 minutes onset time allowed before surgery started.Operative time ranged from 10-20 minutes .In Group B, tramadol and diclofenac were administered as rescue analgesia.Post op pain based on VAS was assessed during the next 24hours.Injection site hematoma (1%) was a reported complication in-group A.Conclusions:IRNB is effective, simple and effective analgesia in hemorrhoid surgery.
Detection of major virulence factor of Entamoeba histolytica by using PCR technique
Authors: T.Nimnim Al-Damerchi Ail , N.Al-Ebrahimi Henadi
Published: January 2024

Aim of the study: This study was undertaken to detect the major virulence factors of the intestinal parasite E.histolytica by using PCR technique, and to study the prevalence of this parasite in Al-Diwanyia Governorate.

Patients and method: Stool samples were collected from one hundred eighty- six patients suffering from acute diarrhea, 146 of them had bloody diarrhea. Their ages vary from one to seventy six years old at the period between (December 2011 and June 2012). Microscopic examination with wet mount and concentration method as general stool examination (GSE) were done to all samples, ELISA assay and PCR were done to all samples.

Result: the results showed that 126 samples out of 186 were microscopically positive for E.histolytica. To detect the antigens of E.histolytica from stool, ELISA assay was done for all samples, 89 samples out of 186 were positive. To detect the major virulence factors (V.F.) (lectin, cysteine proteinase, and amoebapore) of E.histolytica, PCR technique was conducted, by using specific primers for E.histolytica, the results showed that 62 samples out of 186 were positive, out of these positive samples, there were 55 samples positive for lectin, 58 samples were positive for amoebapore, and all samples (62) were positive for cysteine proteinase.

Conclusion: the study show that PCR technique and ELISA assay are much specific and sensitive more than microscopic examination for detecting E.histolytica and distinct from non pathogen species.
Impact of Womenâ€™s Body Mass Index (BMI) on the Outcomes of Intra-Cytoplasmic Sperms Injection (ICSI)
Authors: Ibrahim Rahim Ali
Published: January 2024

Obesity is one of major health problems across the world that negatively impact many body systems and organs including reproductive system. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of body-mass index (BMI) on the outcomes of intra-cytoplasmic sperms injection (ICSI). Eighty five women entering an ICSI program in the fertility center of Al-Sadr medical city / Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf, from January till April 2015, were enrolled in this study and divided according to BMI to normal weight group [(BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) (n=22)], overweight group [(BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) (n=43)] and obese group [(BMIâ‰¥30 kg/m2) (n=20)]. The patients underwent standard controlled ovarian hyperstimulation protocols and ICSI procedures. The outcome measures in the form of embryological outcomes and most importantly pregnancy rates were studied. The results revealed a significantly negative impact of high BMI in obese women group on total oocytes number retrieved (p value 0.021), mature oocytes number [oocytes in meiosis II (M II)] (p value 0.003), good quality oocytes number (p value 0.005), grade I embryos number (p value 0.040) and clinical pregnancy rate (p value 0.001). On behalf of these results, it is worthy to encourage women with high BMI to lower their body weight before entering an ICSI program.
Effectiveness of Delayed in Comparison with Early Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Z. Al-Shibani Mazin
Published: January 2024

Background: Acute myocardial infarction is world wild leading cause of death and the incidence of mortality have declined dramatically over the last 30 years, with the advent of the coronary care unit, fibrinolytic therapy, catheter-based reperfusion including primary percutaneous coronary intervention, and statin therapy. Early revascularization is critically important in the management of patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction.81Aim: To assess the benefit of delayed in comparison with early primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction.Methods: This prospective study included 82 patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction they were selected from those who had admitted to the coronary care unit of Shaheed Al-Mehrap cardiac center in Babylon-Iraq during a period between November 2013 and November 2014, they divided in to two groups according to the time of intervention that done, first group include patients underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention within less than 12 hours from the onset of acute myocardial infarction and second group include patients underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention between 12 and 48 hours from the onset. Ejection fraction, left ventricle end diastolic dimension, and functional class compared at presentation, after 2 and 6 months.Results: The mean ejection fraction in first group were 55%, 59% and 60% at presentation, after 2 and 6 months respectively with statistical analysis that shows significant improvement in ejection fractions with P-value < 0.05. The mean ejection fraction in second group were 48%, 50% and 50% at presentation and after 2 and 6 months respectively with no significant improvement in the ejection fraction, P-value > 0.05% . The mean left ventricular end diastolic dimension divided by patient`s height in first group were 3.02 cm/m, 3.20 cm/m and 3.25 cm/m at presentation and after 2 and 6 months respectively and in second group were 2.94 cm/m, 3.09 and 3.19 at presentation, and after 2 and 6 months respectively. The statistical analysis shows significant difference between both groups regarding mean left ventricular end diastolic dimension at presentation and after 2 months, P-value < 0.05, while there is no significant difference after 6 months, P-value > 0.05. In the second group, there is significant improvement in the ejection fraction of subgroup (at presentation and after 6 months) between 30 and 39%, P-value < 0.05. There is significant improvement in functional class of second group after 6 months, P-value < 0.05.Conclusions: In case of ST-elevation myocardial infarction, delayed primary percutaneous coronary intervention may improve functional class, left ventricular size and even ejection fraction. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention, indicate more improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction, size and remodeling, and functional class
comparative study of intrathecal bupivacaine with fentanyl and medazolam for quality of anaesthesia and duration of post operative pain relieve in patient undergoing orthopaedic surgery.
Authors: Ali Hussein Taaer
Published: January 2024

The use of adjuvant to spinal anaesthesia has gained popularity nowdays , improve the quality of anaesthesia and post operative pain relieve is mandatory for patient care and to reduce complication , in this retrospective randomized study taken among 120 patient divided into 3 groups a,b and c in the A group received bupivacaine 0.5 % heavy ( marcaine) , B group received 0.5 % bupivacaine 2.5 ml plus 25 microgram fentanyl, C GROUP received 0.5% bupivacaine plus 2.5 mg midazolam after preloading of fluid ( normal saline) and montoring of vital sign and postoperative pain , the result showed that intrathecal medazolam and fentanyl along with bupivacaine can be used safely used ,requirement of postoperative analgesia was greatly reduced with fentanyl and medazolam group than with bupivacaine alone also quality of anaesthesia and duration of anaesthesia also improved in b,c group than in A group.
Physiological Changes And Clinical Findings In Females Textile Factory Workers
Authors: Jone Hamza Saad , Hassan Abbas Amjed , Sawadi Hamoud Samir
Published: January 2024

About 60 million people worldwide work in the textile or clothing industry. The conditions of working and the dust that produced from processing of cotton in industries can cause many morbidities to the health of workers. Many recent studies have found a high ratio of chronic diseases especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in those workers. This study was done to assess the effect of working in textile industry from physiological and clinical points of view. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 75 randomly selected textile factory workers, all subjects were females. Information was collected through interview, in addition to physical examination and some needed investigations were performed including: packed cell volume (PCV),white blood cell count (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), random blood sugar (RBS), blood urea (Bur), serum creatinine (Scr), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography, chest x-ray (CXR) and general urine examination (GUE), in addition to pulmonary function tests (PFTs) using portable medical spirometer. The results of this study was shown that the mean duration of exposure of workers to cotton dust was 15.67Â±4.86 years, the higher percentage of workers had low back pain (LBP) (85%), while lower percentage of them had contact dermatitis (27%), urinary tract infection (23%), while 2% of workers had left ventricular hypertrophy as revealed by ECG and echocardiography. Regarding the mean values of blood parameters, the study showed no significant difference between workers and control groups apart from ESR changes (26.8 Â± 15.95 vs. 8.3 Â± 3.3 with P â‰¤ 0.05). Regarding the respiratory findings, the highest percentage of workers complained from shortness of breath (45.3%), some of them had no symptoms (17.3%), severity of symptoms was moderate restriction in most workers (24%), the study also showed negative non-significant relation between duration of exposure and severity of respiratory impairment (r = 0.1, P= 0.2). In conclusion; this study provides evidence of a strong relationship between exposure to cotton dust and respiratory impairments, also there was a considerable percentage of workers had muscular and dermatolo
Platelet-rich plasma as a treatment for DE Quervain's Disease
Authors: Mahdi AL-Ardi Iskandar
Published: January 2024

platelet-rich-plasma is increasingly used in De Quervain's Disease. This study show the clinical outcomes of a single PRP injections.my study was done between Dec. 2015 and Oct. 2016, thirty patient receive single injection of platelet-rich –plasma All patients underwent prospective clinical evaluation, including visual analog scale (VAS) for pain for six month follow up .most of the patient (VAS) significantly improve from 5.9,to 2.0 (p > 0.05) after injection with platelet-rich –plasma .PRP injections in De Quervain's Disease showed better improvement in outcomes
Association between irritable bowel syndrome and cardiac rhythm abnormalities: a case control study
Authors: AbidFarhan Al-Badri Saad
Published: January 2024

The issue of association between IBS and cardiac rhythm abnormalities has been raised in few published literature; however there is substantial amount of controversy in such a way that some authors deny this association while others support this association when one take into consideration particular symptoms and signs like severity of pain, pattern of sleep and associated anxiety and depression. The current study involved 50 patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome and 50 apparently healthy control subjects and both groups was subjected to about 24 hour holter monitoring. The results showed significantly higher rate of cardiac premature ventricular complexes in patients with irritable bowel syndrome than that in control group 60% versus 32% (P<0.05)with no significant association with other rhythm abnormalities.Conclusion: Irritable bowel syndrome is significantly associated with premature ventricular complexes and further studies are needed to clarify exact pathophysiology.
Comparative Effectiveness Of Noninvasive Ventilation vs Invasive Mechanical Ventilation In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure
Authors: Ali Mukheef Zainab
Published: January 2024

DESIGN OF STUDY: Retrospective cohort study.DURATION: From 2011 - 2016SETTING: Department of Anesthesiology, I.C.U., Aldiwaneya TeachingHospital.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Over a period of 5 years, 200 patients with COPD exacerbated by acute respiratory failure, their ages range from 60-80 years, met the chriteria and admitted to the I.C.U. . 100 patients (50%) managed by invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) (Group A) and the other 100 patients (50%) managed by noninvasive ventilation (NIV) (Group B), both groups with medical therapy (ABC) (Antibiotics,Bronchodilators,Corticosteroids).RESULTS:Group A: 78 patients (78%) died.22 patients (22%) improved & discharged to the ordinary ward.Group B: 73 patients (73%) had clinical biochemical improvement &discharged well to the ordinary ward.27 patients (27%) complicated & needed endotrachealintubation & IMV, after 2-5 days, all died.CONCLUSION: There is a significant outcome to the use of NIV vs IMV.
PCNL under Ultrasound Guidance only in Al Diwaniya Teaching Hospital
Authors: Hamdan Fahad Ali
Published: January 2024

Background: Urinary stone disease is a major health care problem due to itshigh prevalence and incidence. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the preferred approach to large stones, stones in the lower pole, or stones that are resistant to less invasive technology. Fluoroscopy is commonly used imaging technique during PCNL. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of ultrasound guided PCNL for treatment of renal stones.Aim of the study: to assess the safety and efficacy of ultrasound guided, as an alternative to radiographic guided, percutaneous nephrolithotomy in Al Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital.Patients & Methods: 100 patients (62 males and 38 females) with renal stones were admitted to Al Diwaniya Teaching Hospital, urology unit were enrolled in this study From October 2013 to October 2015 All patients were evaluated by history, physical examination, laboratory investigation. The stone size, site, side, opacity and degree of obstruction were assessed by preoperative radiographic imaging studies, including IVU, ultrasound and computerized tomography (CT scan). PCNL has been performed under ultrasound guidance.Results: The study revealed that the mid pole calyx was most commonly punctured (73%). Complete stone clearance was (84%). The average operative time was 71 ± 7.4 (45–110) minutes. The mean hospital stay was 3 ± 0.2 (2-5) days. With dual therapy (PCNL + ESWL/URS), stone clearance was (100%). No serious complications were encountered during the study.Conclusion: PCNL under ultrasonography guide is an effective and safe method for renal stone treatment and is preferably replaced PCNL under fluoroscopic guidance.
The value of rapid semi-automated morphometric analysis system in predicting malignancy in thyroid follicular neoplasm
Authors: Wali Ali Thair
Published: January 2024

Aims: To constuct and evaluate a rapid semiautomated system in discriminating malignant from benign follicular thyroid neoplasms.  Methods: Sixty formalin fixed paraffin embeded blocks of follicular thyroidneoplasms were retreived and slides were prepared and H and E stained. A morphometric system was constructed to be as rapid as possible and was tested.Results: No signficant difference was found in ratio of largest nuclear to smallest nuclear diameter between follicualr adenoma and follicualr carcinoma groups.Conclusion: Rapid semiautomated morphometric analysis is of no help in predicting malignancy in follicular thyroid neoplasm.
Identification of fungal and Bacterial contamination in local and imported chips and juices in Al-Diwaneyah province
Authors: Abdulameer kadhim Saba , Ebrahim Lujain , R.Mahmood Hussein
Published: January 2024

20 samples of chips and juices local and imported were collected from the local markets of AL-Diwaniyah province, including 10 samples of juices (Al-shahir, Teama apple, Natura apple, Tazech orange, Ghalia, Yomme, Our kid, Sunich, Tazaech choctel, Tazaech Red grapes ) and 10 samples of chips (Popcorn Al-Batal, Chips Dunya, Hendereen, Chips Al-Fawaz, Chips Salwan, Sakr Babil). Max, Lay's, Hala, Popcorn and Panda). The microbiological examinations were conducted to investigate the bacteria and fungi related with the contamination of chips and juices. The results showed that most of the products were contaminated with different bacterial species and in varying numbers. In the juice samples, the two producers (Sunich, Tazaech choctel) were found to be contaminated with Staphylococcus Streptococcus. The other samples were intact and the products (chips Hala , Popcorn Panda  , Trabeesh  Mr. Max , Popcorn Al-Batal, Chips Al –Fawaz) were also contaminated with Stahpi and strepto. Actinomyces isolated only from the juice samples,whereas The fungus samples included Pencillium, Fusarium, in addition to Actinomyces were isolated from chips , which appeared in most of the samples collected.
The value of highly specific C-reactive protein HS-CRP in migraine headache
Authors: Khalil Hussein
Published: January 2024

Background: Migraine is a well known neurologic disease, ordinarily portrayed by intermittent assaults of incapacitating headache and manifestations of autonomic nervous system disturbances. In about 33% patients, headache attacks are joined by transient “focal neurologic aura manifestations”. Migraine is a neurovascular disease accompanied by cranial vascular contractile dysfunction, neurogenic inflammation and cortical spreading depression. Brain tissue activation results in the production of peptides by the perivascular trigeminal areas which lead to an inflammatory response with dilation of extraparenchymal blood vessels. Inflammatory vasculopathy accompany repeated assaults of migraine attacks. A number of studies showed the elevation of certain inflammatory markers in association with migraine such as adhesion molecules, interleukins and C-reactive protein (CRP).

Aim of the study: To evaluate the role of HS-CRP in patients with migraine

Patients and methods: Current cased control study included 100 patients with migraine headache and 100 apparently healthy subjects. Variables included in the present study are: age, gender and the level of highly specific C-reactive protein (HS-CRP). The study was conducted at the neurology unit, Al-Dewaniyah teaching hospital, Al-dewaniyah province, Iraq. The study started on January 2018 and ended at June 2018.

Results: Current study included 100  migraine patients with a mean age of 31.46 ±5.75 years and 100 control subjects with a mean age of 30.55 ±5.54 years and there was no significant difference in mean age between the two groups (P=0.255).  Patients group included 23 men (23%) and 77 women (77%) whereas, control group included 24 men (24%) and 76 women (76%); no significant difference was encountered between the two groups with respect to gender (P=0.868). The level of Hs CRP in terms of median and inter-quartile range (IQR) in patients group was significantly higher than that of control group, 4.6 (4.9) versus 1.5 (2) µg/dl (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the level of Hs CRP between men and women in patients group, 5.3 (5.7) versus 4.6 (4.8) µg/dl (P=0.680), as shown in figure 2. There was no significant correlation between age and level of Hs CRP in patients group (r = -0.056, P =0.581).

Conclusion: The present study showed that Hs CRP is significantly higher in patients with migraine headache and this may explain the inflammatory role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of migraine headache.