bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combustion characteristics of small alkanes on noble metal surfaces in pre-mixed homogeneous-heterogeneous hybrid systems
Authors: Chen Junjie
Published: February 2023

In conventional thermal combustion fuel and air in inflammable
proportions are contacted with an ignition source to ignite the mixture
which will then continue to burn. Flammable mixtures of most fuels are
normally burned at relatively high temperatures, which inherently
results in the formation of substantial emissions of nitrogen oxides. In
purely catalytic combustion systems, there is little or no nitrogen
oxides formed in a system which burns the fuel at relatively low
temperatures. The present study is focused primarily upon the combustion
characteristics of small alkanes on noble metal surfaces in pre-mixed
homogeneous-heterogeneous hybrid systems. The homogeneous-heterogeneous
combustion characteristics small alkanes on noble metal surfaces are
investigated to gain a greater understanding of the mechanisms of flame
stabilization and to gain new insights into how to design pre-mixed
combustors with improved stability and robustness. The essential factors
for design considerations are determined with improved combustion
characteristics. The primary mechanisms responsible for the loss of
flame stability are discussed. The present study aims to explore how to
effectively operate catalytically stabilized combustion. Particular
emphasis is placed upon the catalytic combustion characteristics of
small alkanes in the pre-mixed hybrid systems. The results indicate that
the combustion effluent is characterized by high thermal energy and
typically by low nitrogen oxides content. Precise tuning of the
combustion process is needed to establish a balance between stable
combustion and low emissions. Simply changing the combustor geometry to
maintain near-stoichiometric ratios will not avoid nitrogen oxides
formation. The catalytic reactor oxidizes substantially all of the
ingested fuel and produces thermal energy. Adiabatic combustion systems,
from a practical standpoint, have relatively low heat losses, thus
substantially all of the heat released from the combustion zone of such
systems appears in the effluent gases as thermal energy for producing
power. Catalytic oxidation has the disadvantage that the physical
reaction surface which must be supplied for complete oxidation of the
fuel increases exponentially with decreasing inlet temperatures, which
greatly increases the cost of the combustor and complicates the overall
design. The operating temperature is determined by the theoretical
adiabatic flame temperature of the fuel-air admixture passed to the
combustor and thus is dependent on the initial temperature of the air as
well as the amount of fuel contained therein. The temperature of the
catalyst zone is controlled by adjusting the composition and initial
temperature of the fuel-air admixture as well as the uniformity of the
mixture.

Keywords: Combustion; Metals; Designs; Fuels; Alkanes;
Oxidation
The Potential of Biosurfactants in the Pharmaceutical Industry: A Review
Authors: V Soni
Published: February 2023

Surface-active substances known as "bio-based surfactants" come from a variety of sources, including plants, animals, microorganisms, marine life, synthetics, and semi-synthetics. Bio-based surfactants have a variety of uses, including in food, personal care, pharmaceutical, and industrial formulations as well as in agricultural and oil field chemicals and institutional and industrial cleaning. Nowadays, there is a significant demand for bio-based surfactants on the market as a result of the strict environmental rules that governments across the globe have placed on the use of toxins in detergents and growing environmental concerns among consumers. Due to their low toxicity and biodegradability, bio-based surfactants are acknowledged as a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional petrochemical-based surfactants. Additional research going on for the creation of innovative biodegradable surfactants as a result, either by biological processes or from renewable resources (bio-catalysis or fermentation are included). Many such varieties, their properties, clinical assessment of surfactant formulations, use of bio-based surfactants, industrial state-of-the-art, and prospective markets for bio-based surfactants manufacturing are discussed in this paper.
Nano based Drug Delivery System for Cancer Therapy: A Next Generation Theranostics
Authors: SL Prabu
Published: February 2023

Cancer is considered as one of the foremost cause of illness and death with very complex pathophysiology even though prominent advancement has been made on innovative tumor treatments. Therapeutic properties and the global survival rate are still disappointing for the patients with cancer. There is a shortfall in the capabilities of these cancer therapies, some novel strategies are developed to provide better treatment therapies to improve their quality of life and also aids in reducing the number of deaths. Amongst the cardinal phases towards ensuring ideal cancer management is early diagnosis and targeted drug delivery of anti-tumor to decrease its toxicities. Recently the progress of nanotechnology as novel therapeutics, have advanced and trialed to overwhelm numerous limitations of previously available drug delivery systems for cancer treatment. Nanobased therapeutics has provided the chance to directly contact the tumorous cells selectively with improved drug localization, cellular application as well as providing targeted drug delivery eluding the interaction with the healthy cells. In this review, we summarize about various novel nanomaterials as anti-tumour drug delivery carriers for cancer treatment; also provide insight into the superlative necessities of nanotechnology in cancer therapy and its challenges in targeted drug delivery
Covid-19 Vaccinations and Menstrual Cycle Alteration
Authors: S Hussain
Published: February 2023

The rapid development of safe and effective vaccines against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a triumph of medical sciences, but vaccines only work if people take them. COVID-19 vaccination may be associated with change in menstrual cycle length following vaccination. Although there is extensive evidence that COVID-19 vaccination does not affect fertility, misinformation that it could has been a major source of vaccine hesitancy among young women. As the vaccination program was rolled out to younger age groups, some people noticed menstrual changes after COVID-19 vaccination, and many members of the public found these reports concerning. Research was needed to generate robust data to inform healthcare professionals and the public about these potential side effects. Menstrual changes have been reported in association with a variety of vaccines, including those against pathogens other than severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2), so the aim of this work is to describe SARS-CoV-2 infection and the menstrual cycle changes because of it.
Impact of Covid-19 Lock down on Stress & Life Satisfaction of Diabetic People in Central Kerala
Authors: Varghese Sangeetha Merrin
Published: February 2023

As COVID-19 is performing its cosmic dance, it has spread panic and disaster across the continents. In such a scenario, mental stress is likely to increase and life satisfaction indices may drop. This study was done to evaluate the impact of lockdown on diabetic population of Kerala, by measuring the proportion of diabetic patients who experienced stress and to find out the level of ‘Satisfaction with Life’ among them. Patients were telephonically interviewed during the nation-wide lockdown after taking their consent. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used to assess stress and life satisfaction amongst the participants. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSSV. 16. Descriptive statistics was used to express Stress and Satisfaction with Life among the diabetic patients. Chi- square test was used to test for Association between Perceived Stress and Life Satisfaction. There were a total of 140 diabetic patients, who were willing to participate amongst the diabetic patients of our hospital. Mean age of the study participants was 52.38 + 14.9 years. Nearly half (46.4%) of the study population were above 55 years of age. Half (50%) of the participants had moderate to high levels of stress, indicating the urgent need of implementing stress busters. Though the majority (80.8%) reported to be ‘Satisfied with Life’, Poor Satisfaction with Life (p- 0.001) and age (p-0.034) were factors that found to have a statistically significant association with stress. Also, nearly 20% of the participants were unable to cope with stress. Stress may have a deleterious effect on glycemic control of diabetic patients and interventions that prevent or help to cope with stress may have an important role in preventing the occurrences of serious complications of diabetes in future.
Firearm Fatalities in Benghazi from 2011 to 2013
Authors: Elmrghni Samir
Published: February 2023

The present work aimed to determine and analyze the pattern of firearm injuries among deaths at Benghazi Medico-Legal Center (Al Jala mortuary), Ministry of Justice, Libya, during 2011-2013. A retrospective study from 2011 to 2013 was conducted to evaluate firearm fatalities referred to the Medico-legal Center. Collected data were statistical analyzed. There were 181 firearm deaths received during the study period. More than half of fatalities were reported in 2011 as they represented 97 (53.6%) deaths, and 40 (22.1%) deaths occurred in 2012. The remaining deaths 44 (24.3%) occurred in 2013. Male gender was the predominant gender among the overall cases as they represented 173 cases (95.6%), overall mean age 29.53 (±10.6) years. The mean age was very close over the three years. The firearm injuries among the surveyed deaths through the three years were either gunshot (81.8%) or explosive injury (18.9%). Military homicidal manner of death was predominantly during 2011, on the other hand, civilian homicidal manner of death was more in 2012 and 2013.
Major Depression, Criminal Imputation and Expert Justification in the Causality of Suicide in the Workplace
Authors: Tiffon Bernat-N
Published: February 2023

A case of suicide carried out on a holiday (Sunday) at the workplace. While the widow and daughters defend that their situation of widowhood and orphanhood derive from an accident at work, the company and the insurer defend that there is no direct causal link between the suicide and the exercise of their work activity. Through the report of the technical labor inspection, it was possible to prove that said self-inflicted behavior presents a direct causal relationship; in addition, a forensic psychological expert report was provided for the case that accredited said connection. On the contrary, neither the company nor the insurer provided a psychological-psychiatric expert that could prove that said suicide had its origin in causes unrelated to the workplace, and the Judge ruled in favor of the widow and orphaned children.
Amending the Description of Intraproboscis sanghae Amin, Heckmann, Sist, Basso, 2021 (Acanthocephala: Gigantorhynchidae) from a New Host, Phataginus tricuspis Rafinesque in Central Africa
Authors: AM Omar
Published: February 2023

Intraproboscis sanghae Amin, Heckmann, Sist, Basso, 2021 (Acanthocephala: Gigantorhynchidae) was described from 4 females of 7 specimens obtained from a black-bellied pangolin, Phataginus tetradactyla Linn. (Manidae) in the Central African Republic. No males were available at the time. We, however, came upon two specimens of the same species, a male and a female, collected from a white-bellied pangolin, Phataginus tricuspis Rafinesque in central Africa which makes this finding a new host record for I. sanghae. The female specimen was whole and its measurements fell within the range of measurements of females in the original description. The male specimen, designated as the allotype, was incomplete; missing the posterior extremity, but provided good comparative measurements of structures of females. All measured male structures were smaller than those of the females. The generic diagnosis of Intraproboscis is emended to include the allotype male. Basically, the description of I. sanghae is now more complete, except for the absence of the posterior portion of the male specimen.
Avifauna Loss Driven by Habitat Degradation in Ethiopia
Authors: Kuma Tolera
Published: February 2023

Biodiversity refers to varieties of taxa in ecosystems. Futile land use could deteriorate environmental quality, and loss of prime agricultural lands, and this, in turn, cause loss of wildlife habitat. Anthropogenic impacts have been bringing a dramatic change to nature due to the growing trends of the human population of the present time which give rise to an increase in the use of natural resources. Ethiopia faces serious environmental challenges including climate change and aspects of ecosystem degradation such as deforestation, loss of biodiversity, and soil fertility decline. Land degradation costs Ethiopia about 4.3 billion dollars per year and deforestation is the main cause of biodiversity loss. Henceforth, this work aimed at reviewing on effects of human-induced factors on biodiversity and conservation challenges in selected National Parks of Ethiopia. The major causes of bird extinction are direct hunting for food and traditional uses and indirect using habitat destruction and climate changes. This work analyzed that there were anthropogenic-induced threats entailing the loss of species and environmental degradation and depletion occur mainly due to anthropogenic impacts as human numbers increase. In a conclusive, effectsdriven human involvement was seen as the major factor impairing the diversity of avifauna in Ethiopia. Research-driven policies fostering the lasting conservation of avifauna are highly needed. The attempts of conserving and maintaining a healthy bird population and their habitats would preserve diverse ecosystem services by benefiting many different living species and finally human well-being.
Morphological and Molecular Evidence of a Trematode Parasite Infected the Liver of Garfish Xenentodon cancila (Beloniformes: Belonidae) in India
Authors: Chaudhary Anshu
Published: February 2023

Morphological traits to describe trematode parasites are sometimes difficult to identify and validate a species, especially in cases where many species are described from a single host. The current work uses molecular data to describe diplostomoid metacercariae supplemented with morphology found in freshwater garfish, Xenentodon cancila (Hamilton) collected from the River Ganga in district Bijnour, Meerut (Uttar Pradesh), India. The metacercariae were identified as Posthodiplostomum species, collected from the liver showed a high mass of cysts embedded in and surrounded by partially damaged liver tissue. Partial DNA sequences of the 18S, internal transcribed spacers (ITS1–5.8S–ITS2), and 28S of nuclear ribosomal DNA were generated and compared with available sequences of other congeners on the Genbank database. The phylogenetic analysis of 18S, the ITS cluster (ITS1–5.8S–ITS2), and 28S rDNA of Posthodiplostomum sp. from India fell within the superfamily Diplostomoidea, along with other members of Posthodiplostomum, which confirms its distinct status and places it close to other Indian species. In the Indian region, with morphology alone, many species are described as Neascus-type metacercariae that are awaiting their validation to be supplemented with molecular data. Furthermore, the validity of a few species of the genus Posthodiplostomum is also discussed in the present study.
Asymmetric Plastral Allometry between Sexes in Captive YellowBellied Slider Turtles (Trachemys scripta scripta Schoepff 1792)
Authors: PM Pares-Casanova
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to contribute to a better understanding of the role of asymmetric shape changes related to variation in size in the yellow-bellied slider turtles (Trachemys scripta scripta), imported in Spain as pets. Values were obtained from geometric morphometric analysis of 17 anatomical landmarks on plastron (ventral aspect of the body) from 33 males and 63 females. The allometry was described by a multivariate regression where the independent variable was size, expressed as centroid size, and dependent variables was the set of shape coordinates. The results demonstrated the existence of sex-related differences in plastron asymmetries, but, interestingly, the allometric slopes were not sexually dimorphic. The expression of these allometric trajectories may be the reflection of some functional features, such as feeding or movement.
A Brief Narrative about Scientific Evidences Involving the Feline Triaditis
Authors: Errante Paolo Ruggero
Published: February 2023

The feline triaditis is a syndrome characterized by simultaneous association of cholangiohepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease and pancreatitis. Clinical signs manifest which a nonspecific way, with the initial diagnosis being made through laboratory and imaging findings; however, definitively, only the histopathological examination of organs affected is conclusive. Therapy is instituted according to the changes presented by the cats, highlighting fluid therapy and electrolyte replacement, steroidal anti-inflammatories, analgesics, antiemetics and antimicrobial drugs.
Remnant Avian Megafauna in South America: An Evaluation of the Occurrence of Breeding Greater Rheas (Rhea americana) in NonProtected Landscapes in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Tubelis Dárius P
Published: February 2023

Concern for megafauna conservation has increased in the last decades. The Greater Rhea Rhea americana is the largest bird species inhabiting South America. It is considered Near Threatened, mainly due to habitat loss, and hunting. Although it occurs through an extensive geographic distribution, most detailed investigations have been conducted in Argentina. This study was aimed at examining breeding aspects of Greater Rheas in non-protected landscapes in the Brazilian Cerrado. Records of this species with evidence of breeding activities (nests, eggs, young) were obtained through searches for photographs in the WikiAves database. A total of 104 breeding records were obtained by citizens. These records were concentrated in central and western Cerrado. Most municipalities with breeding records have less than 30,000 habitants, and human population densities lower than 10 individuals/km2 . The breeding season occurs between June and March-April. Results indicate that breeding Greater Rheas use a range of modified habitats in non-protected landscapes, and their occurrence in the Cerrado is strongly associated with municipalities with low human abundance.
First Records of the Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia in Lebanon 2021
Authors: Sawan Michel Fahim
Published: February 2023

Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia is a monotypic, cosmopolitan species occurring in North America, North Europe, Africa, Madagascar, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. There are only three European populations of approximately 4,500 breeding pairs along the coasts of the Caspian, Black, and Baltic Seas. It’s the largest of the terns, with a wingspan averaging. It has a body length of 48 - 56 cm, a weight of 570-780 gram and a wing span of 127-140 cm. Its size, stout red bill, and lack of a deeply forked tail distinguishes it from other white terns found in the state. Its black cap, large red bill, and tern-like habit of flying slowly with its bill pointed downward separates it from the gulls. The low harsh call of the Caspian tern sounds similar to karrr or kraa-ah and is given frequently while in flight. The orange feet of immature birds distinguish them from fall-plumaged adults which have black feet. Recently it was recorded for the first time in Lebanon in 15th of September 2021 at Cheikh Zennad, Akkar District, North Lebanon by Michel Sawan.
Second Records of the Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia in Lebanon 2022
Authors: Sawan Michel Fahim
Published: February 2023

Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia is a monotypic, cosmopolitan species occurring in North America, North Europe, Africa, Madagascar, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. There are only three European populations of approximately 4,500 breeding pairs along the coasts of the Caspian, Black, and Baltic Seas. It’s the largest of the terns, with a wingspan averaging. It has a body length of 48 - 56 cm, a weight of 570-780 gram and a wing span of 127-140 cm. Its size, stout red bill, and lack of a deeply forked tail distinguishes it from other white terns found in the state. Its black cap, large red bill, and tern-like habit of flying slowly with its bill pointed downward separates it from the gulls. The low harsh call of the Caspian tern sounds similar to karrr or kraa-ah and is given frequently while in flight. The orange feet of immature birds distinguish them from fall-plumaged adults which have black feet. Recently it was recorded for the first time in Lebanon in 15th of September 2021 and the second record was made in 18th of January 2022, both records were made by Michel Sawan in north Lebanon.
The Impact of Pneumococcal Vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Health Care Workers Vaccinated Against Influenza in the 2021- 2022 Vaccination Campaign
Authors: Dari Silvia
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Widespread administration of vaccines should be considered the best preventive strategy in Public Health. Influenza, pneumococcal disease, and Sars-CoV-2 are major public health problems. The last influenza vaccine season, as well as the previous one, took place in the midst of a pandemic. This led to the need to evaluate the possible relationship between influenza and pneumococcal vaccines in the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 disease. Secondary bacterial infections (SBI) contribute to a significant proportion of influenza-related mortality, with Streptococcus pneumoniae as the main co-infecting pathogen. Vaccines against bacterial pathogens can reduce the incidence and severity of co-infections. The Influenza Vaccination Campaign runs annually for four months, from October 1 to January 31 of the following year; for the Pneumococcal Program, it is recommended to use the influenza vaccination campaign as an opportunity to immunize against pneumococcus as well. Aim of the study: The study aims to compare the trend of COVID infections - during the period from November 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022 - among health care workers who received regular flu vaccination, and to assess, whether among those who also received pneumococcal vaccination during their lifetime, they were better protected against SARS-CoV-2. Materials and Methods: The scenario was defined through extrapolation of data recorded in the Lazio Region's Regional Vaccine Registry (AVR). The sample of 964 individuals consisted of healthcare workers who underwent influenza vaccination during the last Vaccine Campaign (October 2021-January 2022 period) in the ASL of Viterbo. We explored the relationship between pneumococcal vaccination and COVID-19 test positivity. Within the identified cohort, the number of pneumococcal vaccinations administered over a lifetime and the swab positivity for Sars-CoV-2 was noted. The following data were considered: • Number of HCP who underwent influenza vaccination during the last vaccination campaign; • Number of HCP who underwent influenza vaccination who also received pneumococcal vaccination during their lifetime; • Number of HCP who underwent influenza vaccination and contracted SARS-CoV-2 during the period from November 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022; • Number of HCP who received influenza vaccination and also received pneumococcal vaccination during their lifetime and were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the period from November 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022. Results: Analysis of the data collected shows that 65.5% of the healthcare workers in our sample, all of whom were vaccinated against influenza during the last Vaccination Campaign, did not contract Sars-CoV-2 infection during the observation period (November 1, 2021-May 31, 2022).
Personal Career of Research Activities and Future Direction
Authors: Miyashita Mitsumasa
Published: February 2023

In 1960, I started my research life on human movements at the Laboratory of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, University of Tokyo. The laboratory had been supervised by Professor M Ikai (1913-1971)
Psychosocial Risk Factors Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus a Scoping Review
Authors: Maury-Mena Sara Concepcion
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has increased worldwide and, of course, adverse outcomes for the health of the mother, fetus and neonate, and the resulting healthcare costs have increased. The World Health Organization affirms that healthy lifestyle habits that go with physical, mental, and psychosocial health and range from preconception to postpartum are essential to achieve successful pregnancies. Objective: Conducting a scoping review of the psychosocial risk factors associated with GDM. Materials and Methods: The databases consulted were PubMed / Medline and Cochrane. Studies on psychosocial risk factors in pregnant women older than 18 years, with a diagnosis of GDM, from 2010 to 2020, in English and Spanish, published in peer-reviewed journals, were selected. A standardized data extraction form was developed. Results: 1188 articles on this topic were found, 93 of which were selected according to the inclusion criteria. The findings yielded several main issues such as conflicts with cultural practices, social stigma, influence of ethnicity / race, low educational level, sleep quality, physical limitations, problems with breastfeeding, concern for the health of the mother and baby, low perception of risk of GDM and DM2 in the future, stress, anxiety and depression, limited knowledge about GDM, lack of partner / family / social support, low levels of self-care and self-efficacy in glycemic control, lack of support from health professionals and difficulties with changes in lifestyle. Discussion and Conclusion: All the identified psychosocial risk factors must be taken into account either by adapting existing prevention and promotion programs or by developing new programs. Interventions should not end with pregnancy and the psychological impact and risk of developing T2D after delivery should be considered, as well as multiethnic populations and the most demographically and socioeconomically vulnerable groups. In addition, they should be included in the Clinical Practice Guidelines and in prevention, promotion and intervention programs for the health and quality of life of women with GDM.
Neurodegenerative Disorders Tendency in Adult Cuban Population
Authors: Fernández Gloria Lara
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases have a multifactorial etiology, based on genetics and triggering environmental factors, associated with the aging process of the population. Objectives: To describe the mortality and trend of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Alzheimer's dementia and Parkinson's disease in Cuba and other countries during the period from 2015 to 2020. Methods Longitudinal descriptive observational study was carried out, which it classifies as chronological or temporal series, on mortality and behavioral trend of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease in Cuba, during the period 2015 to 2020. Results: The data obtained show that Alzheimer's disease has a tendency to decrease mortality, unlike Parkinson's disease that is observed a slight increase, while in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis the behavior is stable. Deaths in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease occurred between 75-79 years of age, while in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis it was 65-69 years old. There was predominance of the male sex in Parkinson's and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Women predominated in Alzheimer's disease. The three neurodegenerative diseases occurred in patients with white skin color. The highest number of deaths were shown in the provinces of Havana and Holguín. Conclusions: The prevalence and incidence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease increases exponentially, in relation with Parkinson´s disease the incidence vary widely throughout the world and the most significant risk factors are aging and men. Finally, the prevalence of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis remains low due to high mortality, due to the lack of effective treatment at present.
Unmasking and Managing Hypercalcaemia-In Clinical Settings!
Authors: Kishanrao Suresh
Published: February 2023

Objective: In this article I present 2 cases of hypercalcaemia identified and managed in 2021 in smaller settings and review of literature of such cases in bigger facilities India with an objective of alerting private practitioners’ role in managing such cases efficiently. Hypercalcaemia is not a disease but just a biomarker of a total serum calcium concentration > 10.4 mg/dL (> 2.60 mmol/L) or ionized serum calcium > 5.2 mg/dL (> 1.30 mmol/L). Principal causes include Primary hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D toxicity, and cancer. The serum Calcium and Phosphorous (Ca/P) ratio is a most valuable tool for the diagnosis of Primary hyperparathyroidism, better than serum Calcium alone. Locations of cases reported: Kalimpong in West Bengal and Chikkaballapur near Bengaluru Participants: i) A - 66-year-old Kamala Pradhan, a known diabetic, my patient in Delhi for last 5 years presenting with pruritus, muscle weakness, lack of appetite and weight lost for 3 months and accidentally diagnosed after a Blood test as moderate hypercalcaemic due to over consumption of Vit. D (weekly 60 K units for 3 years) and ii) the second case of a rural 45 year’s old women from Bengaluru in May 2021 diagnosed as Cancer Cervix stage 3 at a private cancer hospital in Bangalore who succumbed in about 3 week’s time Measurements: i) In the first a serum test indicated serum Calcium level 20 mg/dl and Vitamin D 150ng/ml in first test and after management for a months’ time Calcium levels came down to 10mg/dl and Vitamin D levels to 50ng/ml. ii) Second case had calcium level of 120 mg/dl indicating Calcium crisis. Results: The first case of moderate hypercalcemia due to Vit D intoxication improved, the Calcium level came down to 10mg/dl and D Vitamin came down to 50ng/ml with clinical improvements in 12 weeks’ time. The Calcaemic crisis was not monitored as the patient died within 3 weeks of starting treatment. Conclusion: A case of successful management of moderate due to Vitamin D intoxication and another case of calcinemia crisis due to advanced cervical cancer, with serious complications, and death are reported for education of general practitioners. Material & Methods: The author a family physician for 54 years and a Public Health practitioner for 45 years, have used 2 cases of hypercalcaemia followed in 2021 and review some other published cases, along with a few retrospective studies in India and abroad, that lead to hypercalcaemia and current recommendations for the management of elevated serum calcium levels.
HPAT Axis Dysfunction and Type II Diabetes Review
Authors: Elhachimi Fouad E
Published: February 2023

According to the CDC, 1 in 10 or more than 34 million Americans have diabetes, and approximately 90 to 95% have type II diabetes (T2D). Between 1990 and 2010, the number of new diagnoses doubled yearly, and the number of patients living with diabetes tripled. This review establishes a direct association between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and thyroid (HPAT) axis dysregulation and T2D. In this review, we will focus on the compelling evidence that shows the progressive dysregulation of the HPAT axis and the increased values of circulating cortisol which is involved in the formation of visceral obesity through thyroid hormones, which play a crucial role in regulating energy and metabolism by controlling insulin production and glucose homeostasis, and how the HPAT axis plays a significant role in preventing or causing the development of T2D.
Quality in Health Services and its Challenge in the Ecuadorian Reality
Authors: Arias Amauris Pérez
Published: February 2023

This article constitutes a bibliographic review of the different components that make up quality in health services, analyzed from different perspectives, such as the role played by the human factor and its training in a humanistic, competent, and timely treatment at all levels of attention. Characterizing the existing structure in Ecuador is carried out to ensure the quality of health services. The elaboration and application of clinical practice guides stand out as standardized instruments of best medical practices. It is concluded: that the fragmentation, segmentation, and inequity in health services in the South American region and Ecuador, as well as deficiencies in quality control bodies, limit the comprehensive management and efficiency of public health, and peculiarly in the decisive role that the first level of attention must play
Breast Cancer Early Detection Comparison with Deep Learning and Machine Learning Models: A Case of Study
Authors: Curia Francesco
Published: February 2023

Breast cancer is one of the most widespread in the female population, being able to predict its developments and capturing the inputs of the onset of the disease is one of the main objectives that science is pursuing. Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) in recent decades are extensively using these technological tools, such as Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL). In this paper, two of the main methods of these subset of AI are compared: an ensemble-type algorithm, XGBoost (or Extreme Gradient Boosting) and a deep neural network (DNN) are applied to the data of a study conducted on an Indonesian population. The results obtained are very interesting as despite being tabular, binary categorical and multiclass data, the DNN model achieves performance and results much higher than the well-known XGB used in literature for data of this type.
Intestinal Resection as the Last "Salvage" Option in the Management of Difficult Enter Atmospheric Fistulas
Authors: Elvira Minchala Urgilés Rosa
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The case of a patient with difficult-to-manage entero-atmospheric fistulas is presented, who received prolonged medical treatment with multiple complications and reinterventions, to whom intestinal resection surgery was proposed as the last step of management as a definitive solution to his disease. Clinical Case: This is a 62-year-old male patient from a rural area who, after blunt trauma to the abdomen and acute perforating abdomen, underwent several surgeries which as a complication presented the establishment of several enter atmospheric fistulas, difficult to manage due to multiple intercurrences during his hospitalization and to whom intestinal resection was considered as a solution. Evolution: The patient underwent surgery and it was possible to resect the intestinal segment with the fistulas in a hospital abdomen, in addition to reestablishing intestinal transit by reconnecting the iliostomy that the patient presented. His evolution was good, recovering intestinal transit and restarting his nutritional recovery, receiving discharge. at 100 days of hospitalization. Conclusions: Surgery is a useful tool for p
A Review of the Efforts Made by Several African Countries to Reach UNAIDS Targets and the Effects of the Covid-19 on People Living with HIV
Authors: Willie Michael Mncedisi
Published: February 2023

Even though COVID-19 has spread faster than any other health problem in the last 100 years, it is not the first pandemic that the modern world has had to deal with. As countries try to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic, which is getting worse and worse, they are already using what they have learnt and invested in while dealing with HIV by putting systems to use, and figuring out what dynamic changes are needed to build a new way forward towards health systems that are optimally effective, accountable, inclusive, fair, and well-resourced, with services that are accessible, integrated, tailored, and people-centred. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a lot of terrible effects on people, communities, and societies all over the world. People with long-term health problems may be more likely to get COVID-19 or have complications from it. People who get the virus can get sick or die, and the physical distance needed to flatten the curve of new cases is hurting the economy. This hurts the economy in ways that affect mental health and other health problems, which particularly hurts marginalised communities. COVID-19 is affecting people with HIV (PWH) in unique ways, and it will continue to influence HIV research and treatment after the COVID-19 crisis is over. This is because HIV affects marginalised communities more than other groups.
The Molecular Profile of the Urothelial Carcinoma of the Prostate
Authors: AR Ceausu
Published: February 2023

A 59-year-old-man presented with haematuria and dysuria. Concerning the pathological diagnostic a common problem was in this case to differentiate between high-grade urothelial carcinoma and high-grade prostate adenocarcinoma. The following immunohistochemical profile was found: keratin 7+, keratin 8/18 +; keratin 20+; AE1/AE3+; Ki 67+; p53+; S100-; chromogranin A-; vimentin -; PSA-. The molecular profile was a key element for establishing a correct therapeutic approach.
What do we know about Pediatric Tinnitus?
Authors: MD Alejandra Arellano Bárcenas
Published: February 2023

We define tinnitus as the perception of a sound in the absence of an external source and that is inaudible to the environment
Effect of Organic Manures and Biofertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors:   College of Horticulture & Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur (Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Nauni, Solan, H.P.  (173 230) India, Kumari Santosh , Kumari Ranjana ,   College of Horticulture & Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur (Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Nauni, Solan, H.P.  (173 230) India, Kumar Anil ,   College of Horticulture & Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur (Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Nauni, Solan, H.P.  (173 230) India
Published: February 2023

The present study was carried out at the Experimental Farm of College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur (HP) during November, 2020 to March, 2021. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications at spacing of 60×10 cm in a plot size of 1.8×1.0 m accommodating 30 plants in each plot. The experiment comprised of seventeen treatment combinations of organic manures and biofertilizers.The results revealed that treatment combination of Rhizobium+PSB+FYM was best for most of the characters like days to marketable maturity (95.00 days), plant height (77.66 cm), number of root nodules plant-1 (27.66), number of primary branches plant-1 (13.40), number of pods plant-1 (23.13), pod length (8.43 cm), pod weight (7.78 g), number of seeds pod-1 (8.13), pod yield plant-1 (97.06 g), pod yield plot-1 (2.90 kg), harvest duration (27.66 days), shelling percentage (50.16%) and protein content (11.62%) followed by RDF and combination of Rhizobium+PSB+Vermicompost. The highest gross income (` 2,57,760 ha-1), net income (` 1,76,720 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (2.18) were recorded by the treatment combination of Rhizobium+PSB+FYM. Hence, biofertilizers viz., Rhizobium and PSB when applied along with FYM in pea cultivation, they enhance the growth, yield and quality of the produce.
Implementation of Nursing Credentials and Recredentials by the Credentials Subcommittee at X Distric Hospital
Authors: Sugito  , Luky Dwiantoro  , Anggorowati  , Muhammad Hasib Ardani  , Madya Sulisno
Published: February 2023

The results of the preliminary study indicated that the implementation of nursing credentials and recredentials by the credentials subcommittee in the hospital was not optimal. Not many studies had investigated  the problems that caused the implementation of nursing credentials and recredentials was not optimal. This research was very important to do to  explore more deeply about the problems that caused the credentials subcommittee  was not optimally  in the implementation of nursing credentials and recredentials. To explore the implementation of nursing credentials and recredentials by the credentials subcommittee in hospital. This study used a case study method. This study used a nonprobability sampling method with a purposive sampling approach. The research participants were three stakeholders in the hospital. Data collection methods with documentation and interviews. Data analysis method according to Miles and Huberman. The results of data analysis obtained four themes: The process of implementing credentials and recredentials through training, OSCA exams and mentoring, has not used OPPE and FPPE, has not been carried out regularly, the organisation is carried out after the nurse is accepted. The implementation of the results of nursing credentials and recredentials has no reward and punishment, not one perception with staffing, in nursing practice has not been detailed and has not been used in determining nurse incentives. Obstacles in the implementation of credentials and recredentials are the nursing committee structure that serves in other functional areas, there is no one perception about the implementation of nursing credentials and recredentials with management, Covid 19 pandemic, and the application of clinical authority. Efforts to overcome obstacles by approaching management, using credentials results to determine nurse incentives, socialization to nurses and management as well as coordinating and cooperating with other sections Conclusion: There are barriers in the implementation of nursing credentials and recredentials. Efforts are needed to overcome obstacles in the implementation of nursing credentials and recredentials.
The Impact Of Covid-19 on Homecare Workforce : An Analytical Review
Authors: Kabak Edison , Auparai Nuriati Sarlota , Halotopo Yoel
Published: February 2023

The prevalence of Covid-19 patients’ visits at health care centers in the past one and a half years has resulted in an increase in the need for a nurses workforce. Ironically, on the other hand, there is a decrease in the demand and supply of homecare nurses. This study aims to explore the impact of Covid-19 on homecare nurses and offer solutions in the form of maximizing the role of homecare nurses in the pandemic era by using a document review. The study used an analytical review with a descriptive design. The literature was drawn from Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Pubmed, SagePub, and Semantic Scholar. With the PRISMA analysis strategy, the documents in the database (n=160), which deserve to be reviewed (n=47), and those that meet the requirements for review (n=10). The output: the pandemic caused a shortage of nurses and a moderate level of stress among nurses, where agencies experienced a decrease in demand for homecare nurses. The conclusion of this research is to maximize the role of homecare nurses in the pandemic era, it is necessary to have specific guidelines or protocols regarding COVID-19 prevention and management of homecare or for a long-term care system.
Combination of Short Message Service Reminder and Diary to Improve Diet Compliance Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Waluyo Endriyan Mulyadi Justicia , Sukmawati Ima , Rahman Irpan Ali , Yuliani Yuliani
Published: February 2023

Dietary compliance with chronic kidney disease is one aspect that plays an important role as one of the keys to successful therapy, preventing worsening of the condition and rapid progression of the stage and uremic syndrome. Providing media such as diaries and SMS reminders is one method to increase compliance. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the increase in dietary compliance of CKD patients after being given a diary and SMS reminder.The method in this study is using a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test case control design. The sample in this study amounted to 44 respondents who were divided into two groups. Samples were taken using accidental sampling technique. Data was collected using a diet compliance questionnaire. Data analyis was carried out by using paired t-test and an independent t-test. The study was conducted in March-April 2022. The results of the paired t-test showed that there was an increase in dietary compliance after the intervention with a p-value of 0,000. Independent t-test showed that there were differences in dietary and SMS reminder with a p-value 0,000. Conlusion Diary and SMS reminders are effective in increasing dietary compliance of cronic kidney disease  patients undergoing hemodialysis.
An Overview: Quality of Life of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients who Participate in The Prolanis Program in Sukoharjo Regency
Authors: Dewi Gusti Ayu Putu Krisna , Faozi Ekan
Published: February 2023

Prolanis is a health service system and a proactive approach that is implemented in an integrated manner implemented by the Social Health Facility Implementing Agency (BPJS Kesehatan). The program focuses on BPJS Health participants who suffer from chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus. Participants who take part in Prolanis are expected to achieve optimal quality of life with cost effective and efficient health services. This study aims to describe the quality of life of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus who joined the prolanis program in Sukoharjo Regency. This research is a quantitative study using descriptive methods and survey approaches. The measuring instrument used was the DQOL questionnaire sheet. The sampling technique used in this study was convenience sampling with 95 samples. The results show that as many as 82 people (86.3%) sufferers of type 2 DM who participated in the prolanis program in Sukoharjo regency have a good quality of life with the characteristics of most women, around 61-70 years old, graduated high school, housewife, and suffer from type 2 DM for less than 5 years.
Integrated Color and Intensity MSF Scheme for Image Retrieval Systems
Authors: Islam Md. Saiful , Haque Md. Emdadul , Hamid Md. Ekramul
Published: February 2023

Markov Stationary Features (MSF) based on homogeneous Markov chain model, for content-based image analysis, is getting popularity nowadays. It not only considers the distribution of colors, just as the histogram method does, but also characterizes the spatial co-occurrence of histogram patterns. However, handling a large-scale database of images with a degree of heterogeneity, a simple MSF method is not sufficient to discriminate the images as one requires. In this paper, an Integrated Color and Intensity MSF (ICI-MSF) based on non-homogeneous Markov Chain is proposed to overcome this shortcoming. By incorporating spatial co-occurrence of image intensities with the spatial co-occurrence information of colors and exploiting time inhomogeneous Markov chain concept, it is possible to improve certain aspects of the existing methods. Without compromising effectiveness and robustness, the method proposed in this paper keeps the feature level simplicity. Widely recognized databases namely WANG1000 and Corel10800, are used to evaluate and compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with the existing methods. The experimental results justify the effectiveness of the proposed method.