bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate Change Adaptation of the Hospitality Establishments in Southern Leyte, Philippines
Authors: Lopez Edilyn Gutierez , Ferrater-Gimena Judy Ann Ong
Published: August 2018

Knowing the current status of Southern Leyte as a "Provincial Beauty in the Philippines that's Travel Worthy" and vulnerable to hazards and risks; it is also expected to be on top in championing actions towards climate change adaptation and embracing sustainability. The study focuses on the viability of selected hospitality industry establishments in Southern Leyte towards climate change adaptation. Data collection utilized researcher-made survey questionnaire. Using descriptive-correlational method, managers and owners of 13 Department of Tourism (DOT) identified hospitality industry establishments along the coastlines of Maasin City and Saint Bernard Southern Leyte were surveyed through purposive sampling. The simple percentage, weighted mean, and chi-square were among the statistical tools utilized throughout the study. Most of the provinces in Eastern Visayas were in little risk to geophysical disasters except Southern Leyte and Northern Samar. The establishments were implementing some of the green practices on solid waste management and energy conservation under the international agreements and national laws. Economically and environmentally, majority of the establishments partially complied with the IEMSD program. Regarding the sustainability of the institutions based on the IEMSD, economically and ecologically, the facilities were slightly sustainable. It indicates that majority of the services calls for more actions to be durable and be able to adapt to climate change.
Under-Developed Standards: The Reality in an Elderly Facility
Authors: Padayao Maria Flordeliz , Guazon Cielito , Bacarro Apuhin Mercy Milagros , Cabatana Ma. Estella
Published: August 2018

The burgeoning population of the elderly is an alarm that the national health and nursing authorities should start equipping to meet the needs of this fragile group. The Philippines is still under-developed in the standardization of geriatric institutions. Mainly, the objective of this study is to evaluate whether the selected elderly home in Cebu City, Philippines is practicing a quality facility structuring based on guidelines. A mixed method, specifically, the Sequential Explanatory research, was used to understand the complexities of this phenomenon. Using a multi-level of data sourcing, a meticulous sequencing was followed. First, employing a survey questionnaire; then, an observational checklist and lastly, a cross analysis Focus Group Discussion (FGD). To complete the different sets of sample, an active purposive sampling technique was utilized. Findings showed that lack of national standards and financial incapability were the identified factors why there was a non-parallelism between the elderly needs and conduciveness of quality living. As such, may threaten the holistic health and harmony of well-being among them. The result can be applied as reference in generating a standardized protocol suitable for Filipino aging clientele.
Implementation of Republic Act 9593 (National Tourist Act) as Perceived by the Selected Residents of Dipolog City, Philippines
Authors: Batara Abraham , Flora Chrymae
Published: August 2018

Tourism has provided some essential benefits to the local community as an economic development tool which paved the way for employment and investment, cultural attraction, festivals and outdoor reaction opportunities (Anderek & Vogt, 2000). The study was conducted to assess the implementation of Republic Act 9593 (National Tourist Act) as perceived by the selected residents of Dipolog City. Specifically, it determined:  1) the awareness of the residents of Dipolog City on the implementation of RA 9593; 2) the roles of the LGUs of Dipolog City on the implementation of RA 9593; and 3) the perceptions of the residents of Dipolog City on the effects of implementation of RA 9593 in terms of benefits and satisfaction. There are 100 respondents of this study from the five communities of Dipolog with 6 key informant officials. Frequency and percentage were used in the presentation and analysis of data collected through survey and interviews with key informants. Using descriptive method, results revealed that by implementing the policy of Tourism Act of 2009 in Dipolog, positive effects on the city economic, social and environmental development occurred. The awareness of the residents contributed successful implementation of Tourism Act of 2009, by formulating their own policies in the form of ordinances, resolutions, plans and programs of LGU units.
Educational Broadcast Programs Tuned In: Tool for Enhancing Learning in Educational Broadcasting to Residents of Canipaan, Leyte, Philippines
Authors: Ugsad Rothelia Maria , Entoma Susan , Laureno Henry Mar
Published: August 2018

Educational broadcasting serves as a way to enrich learning. It features programs which aim to reinforce learning and are usually entertaining as well as educational. The study aimed to investigate the needs of the Institute's adopted local community - Canipaan residents in enhancing learning particularly on livelihood projects through educational broadcast programs. Supported by an interview, this descriptive study was conducted to the residents from the aforementioned institute's adopted community using percentage equivalent and Pearson r as statistical tools. On relationship between profiles and media resources and its program stations, most of the residents' profiles such as age, sex, educational attainment, family income and membership in organizations were significantly associated with broadcast resources at 0.01 levels. They were as well associated strongly with TV stations. Meanwhile, regarding the media programs tuned in by these residents through radio and television broadcast firms, majority of them had nothing to tune in as they had no media resources.  However, if they would be informed how it would be necessary to be updated especially on current news, health tips and livelihood programs, they would probably switch their interest in listening to educational programs to help improve their lifestyles. Respondents, in general, indicated that they looked forward to an establishment of a community radio station to be able to reach out to their needs.
Quality of Service and Client Satisfaction of the Department of Foreign Affairs - Butuan, Caraga Region
Authors: Zaportiza-Corvera Rhodarora Galido
Published: August 2018

The quality of service determines client satisfaction. The study aimed to determine the quality of service and client satisfaction of the Department of Foreign Affairs- Butuan. There were 221 or more than 70% respondents used in the study. There were those who personally claimed their passport in the releasing section within the five-working-day office transaction. In this study, the descriptive research was used. The researcher then employed the probability sampling design. The study revealed that there were more females than males who availed of the services of the Department of Foreign Affairs- Butuan with the intention to travel to a foreign land to work as contract workers. The study also disclosed the extent of service as to the issuance of Passport was rated Very Satisfactory by the respondents while some of them had an inadequate knowledge and awareness of the services on the Assistance to Nationals. The quality of service was all rated Very Satisfactory so as the level of client satisfaction in terms of frontline behavior, accessibility and efficiency in the delivery of service. There was a highly significant relationship between the services on issuance of passport and the level of satisfaction of client. An increase in the services on issuance of passport by the Department of Foreign Affairs-Butuan resulted to the increase in the level of client satisfaction.
Register Ng Pagmimina Sa Chavacano: Isang Analisis
Authors: Delos Reyes Roselyn
Published: August 2018

The language is a communication need to fully accomplish the work. Also, language is used to bargain and speed up the work. One of the variations of the language is the so-called register. The register according to Alcaraz et al. (2005), is also called as style of speech. A person may use different styles in his speech or even in writing to express his feelings. The register is a language variation based on its communication. One of the language registers is the language used by mining miners in Sitio Mina, Barangay Curuan, Zamboanga City. This study is a qualitative research by "Morpho Analysis". The purpose of this study is to examine the lexicon and the meaning of the words in Chavacano used in mining. Similarly, the names, words and phrases used in words. It will also examine the aspect of the Verb language of Chavacano. Based on the research done, mining has been using lexicons or words that are appropriate for their occupation. These words refer to the use, the place, the person, describing and demonstrating the action.
Low Cost Moringa Seeds and Terminalia Kernels Water Purifier: A Water Management Technology
Authors: Mortera Annabelle F.
Published: August 2018

The study aimed to develop a low cost water purifier in treating ground water utilizing indigenous plant materials such as the seeds of the Moringa oleifera Lam as the main flocculant and the kernels of the Terminalia catappa Linn. which is the activated carbon adhering to the principles and practices of green technology. Ground water samples from three local communities in Zamboanga City, namely, Talisayan in the west cost, Bungiao in the east cost and San Roque in the city proper were gathered conforming to the standard procedures of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST). Some water parameters were tested using the gadget and these were compared with the standard values set by the Philippine National Standard for Drinking Water (PNSDW). A survey questionnaire of four point Likert scale was employed in determining the acceptability of the gadget among sixty four respondents from the three communities. The weighted mean was use in treating the data. The findings revealed that the gadget which is made of a four layer stainless steel containing the de fatted moringa press cake (MPC), the terminalia granulated activated carbon (TGAC), the sand and the pebbles has the capacity to improve the quality of ground water based from the result of the laboratory tests conducted by the Depratment of Science and Rechnology in Zamboanga City as against the standard values of the Philippine National Standard for Drinking Water on the following parameters, pH total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness and total coliform count (TCC0 and odor.
Responses to Perioperative Challenges of Student Nurses in University
Authors: Cuervo Faith , Cabatana Maria Estela , Villegas Piluchi Victorina
Published: August 2018

Nursing is primarily a practical discipline. Thus, clinical learning experience is an integral part in the nursing curriculum. The perioperative setting is challenging, particularly for student nurses with limited exposure to this area. These difficulties cannot be taken for granted because the Operating Room has a profound effect on those who enter it. As personally experienced by the researcher and as observed by nursing curriculum graduates, perioperative exposure entails a different level of stress to student nurses which serve as a challenge and thus the display of varied responses to it. As a clinical instructor always assigned in the Operating Room to supervise student nurses, it is vital to identify the responses to perioperative demands encountered by students. This study aimed to determine the responses of level III student nurses to perioperative challenges. This study utilized the descriptive method using a researcher-made questionnaire with follow-up interviews. The findings revealed that level III student nurses experience physiologic and emotional-behavioral responses to perioperative demands. A weak relationship between the respondents' profile and their responses was also found out. The researcher recommends implementing the proposed action plan and conducting an investigation to confirm or reject weak relationships between the respondents' profile and responses to perioperative challenges.
Impact of the Anti-Intellectual Attitudes to the Level of Self-Esteem of Senior High School Students from Fiat Lux Academe-Cavite, Philippines
Authors: Cuizon Cristine Kyle , Atienza Mary-Ann , Medina John Ismael
Published: August 2018

Anti-intellectualism, the manifestation of disrespect and lack of interest of individuals for intellectual pursuits and critical thinking, has become a constant thread not only in the corporate world but also among students. Its long-term effect will be very excruciating, especially in the Philippine economy. This quantitative correlational research investigated the extent of relationship between the anti-intellectual attitudes and level of self-esteem or the individual's overall sense of self-worth or personal value of one hundred and ninety-four (194) senior high school students from Fiat Lux Academe-Cavite, Philippines. The researchers made use of the Student's Anti-Intellectualism Scale and State Self-Esteem Scale to measure the two variables. Analyzed data revealed an average level of attitude of anti-intellectualism and a moderate level of self-esteem among the participants. Furthermore, there is a significant, inverse, and moderate correlation between the two variables (Pearson= -0.50; Spearman Correlation = -0.44). Thus, students with high level of self-esteem have low anti-intellectual attitudes. Conversely, students exhibiting low level of anti-intellectual attitudes tend to have higher self-esteem. The researchers also utilized other statistical techniques such as the t Statistic and linear regression.
Leading Light: The Lived Experiences of Neophyte School Leaders in the K to 12 Implementation
Authors: Cabatac Paulo
Published: August 2018

In an era of educational reforms, school leaders lived up to high expectations in implementing a new curriculum as the learning society demands improvements and transformation. How these neophyte leaders lived becomes an oblivious issue. This phenomenological study on leadership investigated the lived experiences, meaning and insights, and perceived achievements of neophyte school leaders in the Division of Negros Occidental. Anchored on Piaget's constructivist philosophy, trait theory and emotional resilience theory, the participants of the study were 3 principals and 3 assistant principals who were appointed in 2015 onwards and were selected through criterion sampling. The data were gathered through in-depth interviews and field observations. The data were analyzed using the Esterberg's qualitative analysis including immersing with the data, open coding, focused coding, development of themes and grounding the analysis. Member checking was utilized to establish the reliability of the themes. Findings showed that the lived experience of neophyte leaders included embracing the challenges of K to 12 Program while the meaning and insight was perceiving triumphs over challenges. The perceived achievement was employing strategies that work. The proposed training plan involved topics on adjustment strategies, professional dealings and collaboration techniques.
Struggles and Coping of Primary Caregivers in Raising Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Billote William Jo Se
Published: August 2018

Primary caregivers experience intense confusion before and after they receive an official diagnosis of their child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Although the quest to help their child may alleviate some negative feelings, the stress increases when they realize that there is no cure for ASD. This study employed a descriptive comparative design which aimed to compare and contrast the struggles of 93 primary caregivers and their coping strategies in terms of gender and their relation to the child with ASD in Baguio City, Benguet and Dagupan City, Pangasinan. Inventory questionnaires were utilized to gather data. Using Mean Analysis and ANOVA, the more prevalent struggles experienced by the primary caregivers are Financial and Emotional. Males experienced Financial struggle the more while females experienced Emotional. Blood-related primary caregivers struggle more with Financial and Emotional while non-blood related primary caregivers struggle with Health. With the struggles they encounter, the more prevalent coping strategies utilized by primary caregivers are Problem Solving and Social Support. Males utilized Problem Solving the more while females utilized Social Support and Emotional Expression. Blood-related primary caregivers utilized Problem Solving more while nonblood-related primary caregivers utilized Social Support. Despite the various struggles primary caregivers encounter, they find ways to cope with them.
Contextualizing Human Resource Management Practices: The Philippine Experience for an HEI
Authors: Cabahug Monriud , Ferrater-Gimena Judy Ann
Published: August 2018

Human resource management is extremely imperative for any association, particularly in the scholarly setting. The employees should be given a clear direction on where they are going to when they become part of the organization. This study aimed to assess the extent of the manifestation of a sound human resource management (HRM) practices of the University of Cebu-Banilad as assessed by the teaching and the non-teaching staff.  The results of this investigation will be used as basis for the formulation of interventions in the current human resource management system.  This study utilized the predictive relational method of research using a researcher-made questionnaire. Using purposive sampling, there were forty-seven (47) employees who participated in this investigation.  Percent, median, mode, and range were computed to analyze the data.  The results revealed that wage and salary, administration, training and development, and change in personnel status were practiced in some cases only.   Further, career management, job security and status, working condition, and people empowerment were the factors that motivate them in some cases to perform well in their respective job functions.  There is a significant relationship between the age and the respondents' perception of the human resource management practices.  However, there was no connection between the sexual orientation of the representatives and their reactions to the motivational variables.
Division of Lanao Del Sur 1, DepEd-ARMM: Its Vital Role in Peacebuilding and Reconciliation in the Post-Conflict Settings
Authors: Sumagayan Sahanee
Published: August 2018

The Philippines has experienced over 40 years of internal armed conflict in the Southern Island of Mindanao, as the resident Muslim population continues to demand self-determination. Hence, this study aimed to locate and explore frameworks on building peace initiatives and conflict tools resolution as the symbolic rites of procedures. Specifically, it sought to: 1) Understand the meaning of peacebuilding and reconciliation in the context of post-conflict settings; 2) Define extremism; 3) Determine the role of Division of Lanao del Sur 1, DepEd-ARMM in preventing extremism, and 4) Determine how education can counter religious extremism. Using documentary analysis method, data were obtained and collected from the Mindanao State University (MSU) System library, the Armed Forces of the Philippines, the Philippine National Police, the Department of Education (DepEd-ARMM), the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), the Philippine National Red Cross (PNRC), and Bangon Marawi Task Force. There were six (6) key informants interviewed by the researcher. Based on the nature of the study, no statistical treatment of data gathered was done. This is the limitation of the study.  Findings revealed that peacebuilding facilitates the establishment of durable peace and prevents the recurrence of violence through reconciliation, education, institutional and political building for economic transformation. The Division of Lanao del Sur 1, DepED-ARMM recommends that the government should create an independent commission to highlight measurable progress and determine the benchmarks that these programs have met.
Production and Quality Evaluation of Probiotic Malunggay (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Ice Cream
Authors: Gisulga Jessa B.
Published: August 2018

The study aimed to produce probiotic malunggay ice cream. It further aimed to determine and assess the effects of the probiotic malunggay on the sensory quality of the product, its physico-chemical properties, stability, consumer reaction and the cost of production. The research study used a 3 x 3 factorial experimental type of research in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two (2) replicates and with three (3) levels of malunggay, namely, 0%, 15%, and 30% (w/v) and three (3) levels of probiotic cultures 0%, 20%, and 40% (w/v). The findings of the study revealed that sensory evaluation showed that only malunggay was significantly affected by the acceptability of the aforementioned sensory evaluation. When Malunggay was subjected to sensory evaluation, High levels of malunggay elicit low acceptability on its color, taste, flavor, and texture. In terms of pH, and TA of the probiotic malunggay, when it was made into ice cream, such was affected by the levels of the probiotic culture, increased levels of probiotic culture correspond to a higher pH and TA values thus, increased levels of probiotic culture could further increase the initial microbial count of the probiotics in the product. Further studies may be conducted to confirm the storage stability of the probiotic microorganisms over an extended period of frozen storage.
Jigsaw Technique in Learning Physics and Problem-solving Dimensions of Senior High School Students
Authors: Pelobillo Giovanni
Published: August 2018

Physics was perceived as a difficult subject with in dire need for cooperative learning and problem-solving skills rubric modified from Jennifer Docktor, namely, useful description, physics approach, the specific application of physics, mathematical procedures, and logical progression. This study aimed to determine and describe the effectiveness of jigsaw technique in physics learning and problem-solving skills which employed pretest-posttest and quasi-experimental research design with a 95% confidence level. There were two groups included in the study as control and the experimental group which received jigsaw technique and traditional teaching respectively as treatment. Independent samples t-test results showed the use of jigsaw technique as cooperative learning has a statistical difference on the post-test and post-rubric scores against the control group with the large effect size in which the students showed a proficient performance in learning physics and problem-solving skills with the common use of useful description and physics approach. There is no significant difference on the pre-test and pre-rubric scores between the control and experimental group with the p-value of 0.772 and 0.019. Moreover, this study revealed that the experimental group struggled with mathematical procedures and logical progression posting low percentage gain. Overall this study concludes that students' exposure to jigsaw technique improved physics learning.
Profile and Level of Competence of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Coordinators among Secondary Schools in the Division of Davao del Sur
Authors: Araiz Julcon
Published: August 2018

ICT Coordinators play a significant role in the effective delivery of education in every school. There have been many studies carried out in relation to ICT, but less has been done dealing specifically with ICT Coordinators. The study aimed to find out the Level of Competence of ICT Coordinators in the 57 Secondary Schools in the Division of Davao del Sur, Philippines. A descriptive-correlational method was used in the study. The research instrument patterned to the NICS developed by the CICT (2006) was used in the data-gathering procedure. Data were analyzed using mean, chi-square, pearson r correlation coefficient and t- test. Results showed that ICT coordinators were intermediate in Technology Operations and Concepts, Social and Ethical, and Pedagogical Domains, but basic in the Professional domain. Likewise, significant relationships were not established with regard to their gender, age, educational attainment, length of service and position. The findings suggest that ICT Coordinators need to upgrade their level of competence in the Professional Domain to become more proficient and capable in performing their duties and responsibilities through seminar-workshops related to professional growth and development, research, innovation, and collaboration. To maintain their high level of competence, a continuing high-quality training program should be provided in the entire Secondary Schools in the Division of Davao del Sur.
Cooperative-Collaborative Learning in Enhancing Creative Writing Performance
Authors: Acuin Dandy G. , Petallana Mona Lisa D. , Esperas Geraldine C.
Published: August 2018

Writing is among the communication skills covered in both Filipino and English language teaching that every learner should develop at any level of education in the Philippines. However, teaching creative writing skills continues to be a very challenging task for teachers. It is a challenge, therefore, for teachers to motivate students to write. More so, it is a challenge for students to write creatively. Using the action research design, this study aimed to test and examine the effectiveness of cooperative-collaborative learning using the specific strategy, Team Pair Solo, in enhancing their creative writing skills. Triangulation is also used in this study to examine, verify, and cross-check the data at different angles such as observation, analysis of the pre and post writing composition, and from the interviews of the students. The finding shows positive effects of cooperative-collaborative learning in enhancing creative writing performance among the students. It is recommended that cooperative-collaborative learning strategy (Team Pair Solo) should be used in teaching to enhance the creative writing skills of students. It is further recommended that other cooperative-collaborative learning strategies be studied for the same purpose.
The Relationship between Relationship Investment, Relationship Quality, and Attachment Styles
Authors: Chang Hui-Chen , Cheng Lin-Ju , Tsai Yi-Ching , Lai Hung-Chun
Published: August 2018

This study examines the impact of relationship investment on relationship quality in dental technology. In addition, it explores the moderating effects between relationship investment and relationship quality by using customer attachment to different dentists' styles. The study collects 202 questionnaires from dentists in Taiwan. This study uses hierarchy regression analysis to test hypotheses. The empirical results show that 1) relationship investment has a significantly positive effect on relationship quality; and 2) that customer attachment has a moderating effect on relationship investment and relationship quality. Both attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance have significantly negative effects on relationship quality. However, only attachment anxiety has a significantly moderating effect on relationship investment and relationship quality.

Keywords: Relationship Investment, Relationship Quality, Dental Technology, Attachment Style

To cite this document: Hui-Chen Chang, Lin-Ju Cheng, Yi-Ching Tsai, and Hung-Chun Lai, "The Relationship between Relationship Investment, Relationship Quality, and Attachment Styles", Contemporary Management Research, Vol.14, No.1, pp. 3-20, 2018.

Permanent link to this document:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7903/cmr.18017
C
ryobacterium
Authors: Liu Qing , Zhou Yu‐Guang , Xin Yu‐Hua
Published: August 2018

Cry.o.bac.te'ri.um. Gr. n.
kryos
cold; Gr. n.
bakterion
a small rod; M. L. neut. n.
Cryobacterium
a cold (preferring) rod.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Micrococcales / Microbacteriaceae / Cryobacterium

Irregular rods, pleomorphic. Motile or nonmotile. Non‐spore‐forming. Gram‐stain‐positive, sometimes variable. Growth temperature ranges from −6 to 28°C. Mostly psychrophilic and psychrotolerant. Strictly aerobic. Catalase‐positive. Oxidase‐negative. Hydrolysis of starch, casein, aesculin, gelatin, and DNA is variable among species. Acid is produced from several sugars.
l
‐2,4‐Diaminobutyric acid is the diagnostic cell‐wall diamino acid. Other amino acids of cell‐wall peptidoglycan are alanine, glycine, and glutamic acid (
Cryobacterium arcticum
,
Cryobacterium mesophilum
,
Cryobacterium psychrophilum
, and
Cryobacterium psychrotolerans
). Rhamnose and fucose (
C. psychrophilum
) or glucose and ribose (
C. psychrotolerans
and
C. mesophilum
) are the characteristic cell‐wall sugars. Cell‐wall acyl type is acetyl (
C. psychrophilum
). The main cellular fatty acids are iso‐ and anteiso‐branched acids, predominantly 12‐methyl tetradecanoic acid (C
15:0
anteiso). The most predominant menaquinone is MK‐10. The polar lipids contain diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and one unidentified glycolipid. Members of the class
Actinobacteria
, family
Microbacteriaceae
. Most known habitats are soils and ice of glacier, the Antarctic, and the Arctic.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 65–70 (Genome sequences and HPLC).

Type species
:

Cryobacterium psychrophilum

(
ex
Inoue and Komagata 1976) Suzuki, Sasaki, Uramoto, Nakase and Komagata 1997, 477
VP
(“
Curtobacterium psychrophilum
” Inoue and Komagata 1976, 166).
CandidatusPhytoplasma
Authors: Harrison Nigel A. , Gundersen‐Rindal Dawn , Davis Robert E. , May Meghan , Brown Daniel R.
Published: August 2018

Phy.to.plas'ma. Gr. neut. n.phyton, a plant; Gr. neut. n.plasmasomething formed or molded, a form; N.L. neut. n.Phytoplasma, a form from a plant.

Tenericutes / Mollicutes / Acholeplasmatales / Incertae Sedis ‐ Family II /CandidatusPhytoplasma

The generic name ‘CandidatusPhytoplasma’ has been adopted by specialists to refer to a monophyletic clade of wall‐less phytopathogenic bacteria affiliated with the orderAcholeplasmatalesin the classMollicutes. These small (<1 µm) pleomorphic cells occur within the nutritionally‐rich phloem sap and sieve elements of plants, and in the gut or hemolymph of insects that feed on plants. Sustained culture in cell‐free media has not yet been demonstrated for any phytoplasma, and a recent report of successful axenic culture remains to be independently replicated. Reference strains are maintained in plants by periodic graft inoculation. Sequence analysis of PCR‐amplified rDNA, plus considerations of the plant host range and vector species, provide a basis for phytoplasma strain identification and assignment to phylogenetic groups. Hundreds of plant species are susceptible to infection, with signs including discoloration, stunting, virescence, phyllody, proliferation of flowers or shoots, or sterility. The necessity for strict quarantine regulations to control the spread of phytoplasmas among important plants such as fruit trees, palms, and grapevines illustrates the importance of accurate identification and nomenclature for these organisms.
T
epidicella
Authors: Albuquerque Luciana , Rainey Fred A. , da Costa Milton S.
Published: August 2018

Te.pi.di.cel'la. L. adj.
tepidus
, warm; L. fem. n.
cella
, chamber and in biology a cell; N.L. fem. n.
Tepidicella
, a cell living in a warm environment.

Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Comamonadaceae / Tepidicella

Rod‐shaped cells, 0.5–1.0 µm in width and 1.0–2.0 µm in length. Motile by one polar flagellum. Endospores are not observed. Stain Gram‐negative. Colonies are creamy‐white pigmented. Slightly thermophilic and slightly alkaliphilic. Strictly aerobic. Oxidase and catalase positive. Chemoorganotrophic with a respiratory type of metabolism. Reduced sulfur compounds are oxidized to sulfate. Cofactors are necessary for growth. Organic acids and amino acids are used as carbon and energy sources; sugars and polyols are not assimilated. Major respiratory quinone is ubiquinone 8 (U‐8). Major polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG). Straight‐chained saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. Isolated from hydrothermal areas.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 64.9–65.5 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Tepidicella xavieri
França, Rainey, Nobre and da Costa 2006, 910
VP
.
Dynamic Extracellular Imaging of Biochemical Cell Activity Using InGaN/GaN Nanowire Arrays as Nanophotonic Probes
Authors: Hölzel Sara , Zyuzin Mikhail V. , Wallys Jens , Pouokam Ervice , Müßener Jan , Hille Pascal , Diener Martin , Parak Wolfgang J. , Eickhoff Martin
Published: August 2018

The application of InGaN/GaN nanowire heterostructure arrays as photonic probes for dynamic imaging of biochemical and cellular processes in an incident light fluorescence microscope is demonstrated. The photoluminescence intensity of InGaN/GaN nanowires sensitively depends on the pH value of the surrounding solution, making them suitable probes for the optical detection of biochemical processes accompanied by local pH variations. Grown on a conductive substrate, the nanowire arrays can be operated in a well‐defined electrochemical working point with high sensitivity and stability. The achievable pH and bias resolution as well as signal‐to‐noise ratio are assessed as a function of the working point and for different integration times. A bias resolution of 1 mV and a pH resolution of 0.03 are achieved at a time resolution below 25 ms. The application for dynamic imaging of the activity of isolated intestinal crypts from Wistar rats is demonstrated. Here, the pH change in the vicinity of the crypt is quantified and attributed to the activity of the sodium‐proton exchanger (NHE). Imaging of the effect of amiloride and NH4Cl on its activity is demonstrated with a spatial resolution of <0.63 µm and reveals that NH4Cl‐induced NHE activation preferentially occurs in the upper part of the crypt.
Short‐Wavelength Lasing‐Spasing and Random Spasing with Deeply Subwavelength Thin‐Film Gain Media
Authors: Tracey Jill I. , O'Carroll Deirdre M.
Published: August 2018

Lasing‐spasers are subwavelength‐sized metal/dielectric structures that emit light via stimulated emission of surface plasmons. Here, it is demonstrated that silver nanoparticles combined with deeply subwavelength, blue‐emitting conjugated polymer thin films can function as room‐temperature lasing‐spasers and random spasers with quality factors up to 250. In contrast to other thin‐film‐based spaser and plasmonic random laser studies, which have used gain films ranging from ≈200 nm to 500 nm in thickness and which monitor emission guided to the sample edges, in this study, the thickness of the thin‐film gain medium ranges from 30 nm to 70 nm and emission is collected normal to the plane of the film. This eliminates effects that arise from optical trapping of scattered emission within the gain medium that is typically associated with plasmonic random lasing. The use of the conjugated polymer thin‐film gain medium allows higher chromophore densities compared to organic dye‐doped layers, which enables spasing using deeply subwavelength gain layers. Samples implementing gold nanoparticles and the conjugated polymer gain medium do not exhibit stimulated emission, demonstrating that it is the spectral overlap between the silver nanoparticle's surface plasmon resonance and the gain medium's emission that is necessary for observation of stimulated emission from this material system.
On the Origin of Ion Selectivity in Ultrathin Nanopores: Insights for Membrane‐Scale Osmotic Energy Conversion
Authors: Cao Liuxuan , Wen Qi , Feng Yaping , Ji Danyan , Li Hao , Li Ning , Jiang Lei , Guo Wei
Published: August 2018

Nanopores in ultrathin or atomically thin membranes attract broad interest because the infinitesimal pore depth allows selective transport of ions and molecules with ultimate permeability. Toward large‐scale osmotic energy conversion, great challenges remain in extrapolating the promising single‐pore demonstration to really powerful macroscopic applications. Herein, the origin of the selective ion transport in ultrathin nanopores is systematically investigated. Based on a precise Poisson and Nernst–Planck model calculation, it is found that the generation of net diffusion current and membrane potential stems from the charge separation within the electric double layer on the outer membrane surface, rather than that on the inner pore wall. To keep the charge selectivity of the entire membrane, a critical surface charged area surrounding each pore orifice is therefore highly demanded. Otherwise, at high pore density, the membrane selectivity and the overall power density would fall down instead, which explains the giant gap between the actual experimental achievements and the single‐pore estimation. To maximize the power generation, smaller nanopores (pore diameter ≈1–2 nm) are appropriate for large‐scale osmotic energy conversion. With a porosity of ≈10%, the total power density approaches more than 200 W m‐2, anticipating a substantial advance toward high‐performance large‐scale nanofluidic power sources.
Chemical Growth of 1T‐TaS2 Monolayer and Thin Films: Robust Charge Density Wave Transitions and High Bolometric Responsivity
Authors: Wang Xinsheng , Liu Haining , Wu Juanxia , Lin Junhao , He Wen , Wang Hui , Shi Xinghua , Suenaga Kazutomo , Xie Liming
Published: August 2018

Ultrathin two‐dimensional (2D) charge density wave (CDW) materials, with sharp resistance change at the phase‐transition temperature, yet with ultrathin thickness, hold great potential for electrical device applications. However, chemical synthesis of high‐quality samples and observation of the CDW states down to the monolayer limit is still of great challenge. Chemical vapor deposition of 1T‐TaS2 sheets on hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) with robust CDW states even down to the monolayer extreme is reported here. Further, based on the near commensurate CDW to incommensurate CDW phase transition with a high temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR), highly responsive room‐temperature bolometers are fabricated by suspending the as‐grown 1T‐TaS2 sheets.
Direct C−H Trifluoromethylation of Quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones under Transition‐Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Wang Liping , Zhang Yuecheng , Li Fanfan , Hao Xinyu , Zhang Hong‐Yu , Zhao Jiquan
Published: August 2018

Disclosed herein is a direct C−H trifluoromethylation of quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones with sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate. This protocol affords a series of 3‐trifluoromethylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one derivatives in moderate to excellent yields under transition‐metal‐free conditions. The present methodology features utilization of the inexpensive trifluoromethyl source without transition‐metal‐catalysts, mild reaction conditions and high functional group tolerance, which promises a convenient and efficient access to pharmaceutically interesting quinoxalinones.

magnified image
Eisenaufnahme in Pilzen der Gattung Aspergillus: strukturelle und biochemische Einblicke in Siderophoresterasen
Authors: Ecker Felix , Haas Hubertus , Groll Michael , Huber Eva M.
Published: August 2018

Pilze nutzen hoch‐affine Chelatoren, so genannte Siderophore, um das essentielle Spurenelement Eisen aus ihrer Umgebung aufzunehmen. Siderophore zeichnen sich durch ihr breites Spektrum an chemischen Strukturen aus und bilden mit Fe3+‐Ionen einige der stabilsten Komplexe. Die intrazelluläre Freisetzung des Schwermetallions kann dabei durch die Aktivität spezifischer Hydrolasen erleichtert werden. Hier werden die biochemische Charakterisierung sowie Röntgenkristallstrukturen der Siderophoresterasen AfEstB und AfSidJ aus Aspergillus fumigatus sowie AnEstB und AnEstA aus Aspergillus nidulans beschrieben. Obwohl diese Enzyme alle der Klasse der α/β‐Hydrolasen angehören, konnten entscheidende Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Erkennung chemisch ähnlicher sowie strukturell unterschiedlicher Substrate festgestellt werden. Eine Komplexstruktur zwischen AfEstB und dessen Substrat Triacetylfusarinin C gibt Einblicke in eine aktive Siderophoresterase mit einem tetraedrischen Intermediat zwischen dem katalytischen Serin und der zu spaltenden Esterbindung.
Nanoscopic Visualization of Cross‐Linking Density in Polymer Networks with Diarylethene Photoswitches
Authors: Siemes Eric , Nevskyi Oleksii , Sysoiev Dmytro , Turnhoff Sarah K. , Oppermann Alex , Huhn Thomas , Richtering Walter , Wöll Dominik
Published: August 2018

The in situ nanoscopic imaging of soft matter polymer structures is of importance to gain knowledge of the relationship between structure, properties, and functionality on the nanoscopic scale. Cross‐linking of polymer chains effects the viscoelastic properties of gels. The correlation of mechanical properties with the distribution and amount of cross‐linkers is relevant for applications and for a detailed understanding of polymers on the molecular scale. We introduce a super‐resolution fluorescence‐microscopy‐based method for visualizing and quantifying cross‐linker points in polymer systems. A novel diarylethene‐based photoswitch with a highly fluorescent closed and a non‐fluorescent open form is used as a photoswitchable cross‐linker in a polymer network. As an example for its capability to nanoscopically visualize cross‐linking, we investigate pNIPAM microgels as a system known with variations in internal cross‐linking density.
Photochemical “In‐Air” Combinatorial Discovery of Antimicrobial Co‐polymers
Authors: Richards Sarah‐Jane , Jones Adam , Tomás Ruben M. F. , Gibson Matthew I.
Published: August 2018

There is an urgent need to identify new, non‐traditional antimicrobials. The discovery of new polymeric antimicrobials is limited by current low‐throughput synthetic tools, which means that limited chemical space has been explored. Herein, we employ photochemical “in‐air” reversible addition–fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) polymerization with microwell plates, using liquid‐handling robots to assemble large libraries of cationic polymers, without the need for degassing or purification steps, facilitating transfer to screening. Several lead polymers were identified including a co‐polymer with propylene glycol side chains with significantly enhanced antimicrobial activity and increased therapeutic window. Mechanistic studies showed that this polymer was bacteriostatic, and surprisingly did not lyse the cell membranes, implying an alternative mode of action. This versatile method using simple robotics will help to develop new biomaterials with emergent properties.
Near‐Infrared Phosphorescent Supramolecular Alkyl/Aryl‐Iridium Porphyrin Assemblies by Axial Coordination
Authors: Qin Lin , Guan Xiangguo , Yang Chen , Huang Jie‐Sheng , Che Chi‐Ming
Published: August 2018

Five‐coordinated d6 metal complexes are relatively uncommon but can be useful building blocks for the construction of supramolecular assemblies. In this work we have used the strong trans effect of aryl and alkyl ligands for the synthesis of luminescent five‐coordinated organoiridium porphyrins, which are useful building blocks for the construction of metallamacrocycles and metallacages of iridium through metal–ligand interactions at the axial positions of iridium porphyrins (Ir(por)). Diverse di‐ or tritopic aryl or alkyl linkers were employed as the axial ligands to coordinate Ir(por) at an axial position to afford di‐ or trinuclear five‐coordinated [{Ir(ttp)}n(X)] (ttp=5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(p‐tolyl)porphyrinato(2−); n=2, X=diaryl; n=3, X=trialkyl). [{Ir(ttp)}n(X)] could be further coordinated with ditopic isocyanide or pyridine ligands at the other axial site of each Ir(ttp) to give unprecedented cyclic supramolecular metalloporphyrin assemblies, including tetra‐ and hexanuclear metallamacrocycles and hexanuclear metallacages. The Ir(por) metallamacrocycles and metallacages display phosphorescence in the near‐infrared region with quantum yields of around 2 % and microsecond emission lifetimes.
Polybromid‐Lücke geschlossen
Authors: Harrer Roswitha
Published: August 2018

Polyhalogenide sind für viele elektrochemische Anwendungen interessante redoxaktive Substanzen. Die Polybromide bieten sich hierbei als Speicher für Brom an. Daher erstaunt es, dass in der Chemie der Polybromide offenbar noch einige Lücken zu füllen waren. Ein Team von der FU Berlin hat jetzt das letzte fehlende Polybromid in der Reihe der Polyanionen identifiziert und strukturell charakterisiert. Demnach liegt es in einer ungewöhnlichen sechsatomigen Hockeyschlägerstruktur vor.
Durch Interkalation zum Graphen
Authors: Feil Sylvia
Published: August 2018

Die besonderen elektronischen Eigenschaften und chemische Reaktivität befeuern die Erforschung von Graphen. Allerdings ist es nach wie vor nicht im großen Maßstab produzierbar. Die Schichtablösung von Graphit würde direkt zu Graphen führen, doch ist der bevorzugte nass‐chemische Syntheseweg dahin noch wenig untersucht. Nun gelangen Forscherteams aus Berlin, Erlangen‐Nürnberg und Ulm entscheidende Fortschritte.
Social adjustment in adolescent survivors of pediatric central nervous system tumors: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Schulte Fiona , Brinkman Tara M. , Li Chenghong , Fay‐McClymont Taryn , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Ness Kirsten K. , Howell Rebecca M. , Mueller Sabine , Wells Elizabeth , Strother Douglas , Lafay‐Cousin Lucie , Leisenring Wendy , Robison Leslie L. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Krull Kevin R.
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and predictors of social difficulties in adolescent survivors of central nervous system (CNS) tumors.

METHODS

Six hundred sixty‐five survivors of CNS tumors (53.8% male and 51.7% treated with cranial radiation therapy [CRT]), who had a current median age of 15.0 years (range, 2.0‐17.0 years) and were a median of 12.1 years (range, 8.0‐17.7 years) from their diagnosis, were compared with 1376 survivors of solid tumors (50.4% male), who had a median age of 15.0 years (range, 12.0‐17.0 years) and were a median of 13.2 years (range, 8.3‐17.9 years) from their diagnosis, and 726 siblings (52.2% male), who had a median age of 15.0 years (range, 12.0‐17.0 years). Social adjustment was measured with parent‐proxy responses to the Behavior Problems Index. Latent profile analysis defined social classes. Multinomial logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, and age at diagnosis, identified predictors of class membership. Path analyses tested mediating effects of physical limitations, sensory loss, and cognitive impairment on social outcomes.

RESULTS

Caregivers reported that survivors of CNS tumors were more likely to have 0 friends (15.3%) and to interact with friends less than once per week (41.0%) in comparison with survivors of solid tumors (2.9% and 13.6%, respectively) and siblings (2.3% and 8.7%, respectively). Latent profile analysis identified 3 social classes for survivors of CNS tumors: well‐adjusted (53.4%), social deficits (16.2%), and poor peer relationships (30.4%). However, 2 classes were identified for survivors of solid tumors and siblings: well‐adjusted (86.2% and 91.1%, respectively) and social deficits (13.8% and 8.9%, respectively). CRT predicted class membership for CNS survivors (odds ratio [OR] for poor peer relationships, 1.16/10 Gy; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08‐1.25; OR for social deficits 1.14/10 Gy; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.25; reference, well‐adjusted). Cognitive impairment mediated the association between all social outcomes and CRT (P values < .001).

CONCLUSION

Almost 50% of survivors of CNS tumors experience social difficulties; the pattern is unique in comparison with solid tumor and sibling groups. Cognitive impairment is associated with increased risk, and this highlights the need for multitargeted interventions.
First Person: David Sidransky, MD
Authors: Sidransky David
Published: August 2018

This news section offers Cancer readers timely information on events, public policy analysis, topical issues, and personalities. In this issue, we profile David Sidransky, MD, and his pioneering research on molecular genetic detection of cancer. We also report on rates of untreated depression in caregiving spouses of patients with cancer and new research on the link between cancer and highly processed foods.