bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Viewing Native American Cervical Cancer Disparities through the Lens of the Vaginal Microbiome: A Pilot Study
Authors: Łaniewski Paweł , Joe Tawnjerae R. , Jimenez Nicole R. , Eddie Tristen L. , Bordeaux Skyler J. , Quiroz Verity , Peace Donna J. , Cui Haiyan , Roe Denise J. , Caporaso J. Gregory , Lee Naomi R. , Herbst-Kralovetz Melissa M.
Published: August 2024

Vaginal dysbiosis is implicated in persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer. Yet, there is a paucity of data on the vaginal microbiome in Native American communities. Here, we aimed to elucidate the relationships between microbiome, HPV, sociodemographic, and behavioral risk factors to better understand an increased cervical cancer risk in Native American women. In this pilot study, we recruited 31 participants (16 Native American and 15 non-Native women) in Northern Arizona and examined vaginal microbiota composition, HPV status, and immune mediators. We also assessed individuals’ sociodemographic information and physical, mental, sexual, and reproductive health. Overall, microbiota profiles were dominated by common Lactobacillus species (associated with vaginal health) or a mixture of bacterial vaginosis–associated bacteria. Only 44% of Native women exhibited Lactobacillus dominance, compared with 58% of non-Native women. Women with vaginal dysbiosis also had elevated vaginal pH and were more frequently infected with high-risk HPV. Furthermore, we observed associations of multiple people in a household, lower level of education, and high parity with vaginal dysbiosis and abundance of specific bacterial species. Finally, women with dysbiotic microbiota presented with elevated vaginal levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Altogether, these findings indicate an interplay between HPV, vaginal microbiota, and host defense, which may play a role in the cervical cancer disparity among Native American women. Future longitudinal studies are needed to determine the mechanistic role of vaginal microbiota in HPV persistence in the context of social determinants of health toward the long-term goal of reducing health disparities between non-Hispanic White and Native American populations.

Prevention Relevance: Cervical cancer disproportionally affects Native American women. Sociodemographic and behavioral factors might contribute to this disparity via alteration of vaginal microbiota. Here, we show the association between these factors and vaginal dysbiosis and immune activation, which can be implicated in high-risk HPV infection among Native American and other racial/ethnic populations.
The Proteogenomics of Prostate Cancer Radioresistance
Authors: Haas Roni , Frame Gavin , Khan Shahbaz , Neilsen Beth K. , Hong Boon Hao , Yeo Celestia P.X. , Yamaguchi Takafumi N. , Ong Enya H.W. , Zhao Wenyan , Carlin Benjamin , Yeo Eugenia L.L. , Tan Kah Min , Bugh Yuan Zhe , Zhu Chenghao , Hugh-White Rupert , Livingstone Julie , Poon Dennis J.J. , Chu Pek Lim , Patel Yash , Tao Shu , Ignatchenko Vladimir , Kurganovs Natalie J. , Higgins Geoff S. , Downes Michelle R. , Loblaw Andrew , Vesprini Danny , Kishan Amar U. , Chua Melvin L.K. , Kislinger Thomas , Boutros Paul C. , Liu Stanley K.
Published: August 2024

Prostate cancer is frequently treated with radiotherapy. Unfortunately, aggressive radioresistant relapses can arise, and the molecular underpinnings of radioresistance are unknown. Modern clinical radiotherapy is evolving to deliver higher doses of radiation in fewer fractions (hypofractionation). We therefore analyzed genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data to characterize prostate cancer radioresistance in cells treated with both conventionally fractionated and hypofractionated radiotherapy. Independent of fractionation schedule, resistance to radiotherapy involved massive genomic instability and abrogation of DNA mismatch repair. Specific prostate cancer driver genes were modulated at the RNA and protein levels, with distinct protein subcellular responses to radiotherapy. Conventional fractionation led to a far more aggressive biomolecular response than hypofractionation. Testing preclinical candidates identified in cell lines, we revealed POLQ (DNA Polymerase Theta) as a radiosensitizer. POLQ-modulated radioresistance in model systems and was predictive of it in large patient cohorts. The molecular response to radiation is highly multimodal and sheds light on prostate cancer lethality.

Significance:

Radiation is standard of care in prostate cancer. Yet, we have little understanding of its failure. We demonstrate a new paradigm that radioresistance is fractionation specific and identified POLQ as a radioresistance modulator.
Chemo- and Radiotherapy of Gastrointestinal Tumors during Pregnancy
Authors: Wirth Thomas Christian , Saborowski Anna , Kuehnle Elna , Fischer Mirko , Bueltmann Eva , von Kaisenberg Constantin , Merten Roland
Published: August 2024

Background: Gastrointestinal cancers account for approximately one-fourth of all cancer cases and one-third of all tumor-related deaths worldwide. For the most frequent gastrointestinal tumor entities including colorectal, gastric, esophageal, and liver cancer, the incidence is expected to increase by more than 50% until 2040. While most gastrointestinal cancers are diagnosed beyond the age of fertility and predominantly in men, the increasing incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies in patients below the age of fifty suggests a growing importance in women of childbearing age. While localized cancers in pregnant women can either be monitored or treated surgically, more advanced stages might require radio- or chemotherapy to control tumor growth until delivery. Under these circumstances, critical decisions have to be made to preserve maternal health on the one side and minimize harm to the infant on the other side. Summary: Here we summarize data from case reports, meta-analyses, and registries of women undergoing radio- or chemotherapy during pregnancy and provide guidance for therapeutic decision-making in pregnant women suffering from gastrointestinal cancers. Key Message: After the first trimester, most chemotherapeutic regimens can be safely administered to pregnant patients with gastrointestinal cancers. With appropriate safety measures, both radiotherapy and radiochemotherapy can be applied to pregnant patients with rectal cancers.
Neonatal Adverse Outcomes among Hospital Livebirths in Canada: A National Retrospective Study
Authors: Nelson Chantal R.M. , Ray Joel G. , Auger Nathalie , Moore Aideen M. , Little Julian , Murphy Phil A. , Van den Hof Michiel , Shah Prakesh S. ,   On behalf of the Canadian Perinatal Surveillance System, Public Health Agency of Canada
Published: August 2024

Introduction: In Canada, newborn morbidity far surpasses mortality. The neonatal adverse outcome indicator (NAOI) summarizes neonatal morbidity, but Canadian trend data are lacking. Methods: This Canada-wide retrospective cross-sectional study included hospital livebirths between 24 and 42 weeks’ gestation, from 2013 to 2022. Data were obtained from the Canadian Institute of Health Information’s Discharge Abstract Database, excluding Quebec. The NAOI included 15 newborn complications (e.g., birth trauma, intraventricular hemorrhage, or respiratory failure) and seven interventions (e.g., resuscitation by intubation and/or chest compressions), adapted from Australia’s NAOI. Rates of NAOI were calculated by gestational age. Unadjusted rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for neonatal mortality, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, and extended hospital stay, each in relation to the number of NAOI components present (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or ≥5). Results: Among 2,821,671 newborns, the NAOI rate was 7.6%. NAOI increased from 7.3% in 2013 to 8.0% in 2022 (p < 0.01). NAOI prevalence was highest in the most preterm infants. Compared to no NAOI, RRs (95% CI) for mortality were 8.5 (7.6–9.5) with 1, 118.1 (108.4–128.4) with 3, and 395.3 (367.2–425.0) with ≥5 NAOI components. Respective RRs for NICU admission were 6.7 (6.6–6.7), 11.2 (10.9–11.3), and 11.9 (11.6–12.2), and RR for extended hospital stay were 6.6 (6.4–6.7), 12.2 (11.7–12.7), and 26.4 (25.2–27.5). International comparison suggested that Canada had a higher prevalence of NAOI. Conclusion: The Canadian NAOI captures neonatal morbidity using hospitalization data and is associated with neonatal mortality, NICU admission, and extended hospital stay. Newborn morbidity may be on the rise in recent years.
Clima e projeto: impactos sobre o conforto térmico em HIS do PMCMV
Authors: Bortoli Karen Carrer Ruman de , Villa Simone Barbosa , Soares Beatriz Ribeiro , Araújo Lúcio Borges de
Published: August 2024

Rapid urban transformations have primarily exposed the most vulnerable to the adverse effects of urban climate and its changes. Simultaneously, Brazilian Social Housing (SH) offered by the Minha Casa, Minha Vida (PMCMV) program and spontaneously upgraded by its residents have favored situations of thermal stress and unsanitary conditions, demonstrating reduced resilience. In this context, the paper presents partial results of a Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) conducted on horizontal SH units of the PMCMV in use located in the city of Uberlândia (MG), Bioclimatic Zone 4, within the scope of a doctoral thesis titled "Resilience and Thermal Comfort in Horizontal Social Housing in Uberlândia (MG): Evaluation for Renovations Guidance". The evaluation aimed at understanding the existence and magnitude of impacts derived from urban climate and its changes on the case study, especially concerning the attribute of thermal comfort. It was found that thermal discomfort is a perceived issue in the case study, with significant discomfort related to heat and cold in both analyzed areas. Furthermore, the existence of illnesses caused by heat and cold in the case study is notable, corroborating the perception that delivered and expanded dwellings facilitate situations of thermal stress and impose high social costs on beneficiaries. The results contribute to the expansion of knowledge regarding the relationships between expansions in horizontal SH and thermal comfort from the user's perspective. They also support the provision of technical assistance aligned with the actual needs and priorities of residents of SH in use, with a focus on enhancing their resilience.
Multimorbidity patterns and associated factors in a megacity: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Aguiar Ricardo Goes de , Simões Daniela , Castro Shamyr Sulyvan , Goldbaum Moises , Cesar Chester Luiz Galvão , Lucas Raquel
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE: To identify empirical patterns of multimorbidity and quantify their associations with socioeconomic, behavioral characteristics, and health outcomes in the megacity of São Paulo. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted through household interviews with residents aged 20 years or older in urban areas (n = 3,184). Latent class analysis was used to identify patterns among the co-existence of 22 health conditions. Age-adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regression. RESULTS: The analysis of latent classes showed 4 patterns of multimorbidity, whereas 58.6% of individuals were classified in the low disease probability group, followed by participants presenting cardiovascular conditions (15.9%), respiratory conditions (12.8%), and rheumatic, musculoskeletal, and emotional conditions (12.8%). Older individuals, with lower schooling and lower household income, presented higher multimorbidity prevalence in cardiovascular, respiratory, rheumatic, musculoskeletal, and emotional conditions patterns compared with the low disease probability pattern. CONCLUSION: The results showed four distinct patterns of multimorbidity in the megacity population, and these patterns are clinically recognizable and theoretically plausible. The identification of trends between patterns would make it feasible to estimate the magnitude of the challenge for the organization of health care policies.
Response of Maize (Zea may L.) Cultivars to Urea Time Application on Phenology, Growth and Grain Yield at Bako, East Wollaga, Ethiopia
Authors: Debele Megersa
Published: August 2024

The results of this research provide a basis for additional exploration and advancement, which will culminate in suggestions for the timing of split urea treatment and cultivars for sustainable maize production within the study region. During the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons, a field experiment was conducted at the Bako Agricultural Research Center to determine the response of hybrid maize cultivars to urea split application on phenology, growth, and grain production. In the experiment, six levels of urea split application were applied to two types of corn. T1 = 1/2 dose of urea at planting + 1/2 dose of urea at Knee height; T2 = 1/2 dose of urea at planting + 1/2 dose of urea at tasseling; T3 = 1/ 3 dose of urea at planting + 1/3 dose of urea at knee height + 1/3 dose of urea at tasseling; T4 = 2/3 dose of urea at knee height + 1/3 dose of urea at tasseling; T5 = 1/2 dose of urea at knee height + 1/2 dose of urea at tasseling; and T6 = 1/4 dose of urea at planting + 1/2 dose of urea at knee height + 1/4 dose of urea at tasseling. The experiment's randomized complete block design made use of three replications. The primary effects of the urea split time of application were found to have a substantial impact on plant height, 90% physiological maturity, grain production, total leaf area per plant, and leave area index. Three urea split applications 1/4 dosage at planting, 1/2 dose at knee height, and 1/4 dose at tasseling provided the maximum net benefit of EB 246,536.7 ha-1 and the best marginal rate return of 2822.26% for maize output. In conclusion, urea split application 1/4 doses at planting stage 1/2 dose at knee-height and 1/4 dose at tasseling stage is the best time of application in good rainy seasons and hence recommended for the end users. However, in the case of erratic and heavy rainy seasons, application at three times should be used to get maximum profit and acceptable MRR.
Result Comparison of Spectral Matching Between Seismomatch and Specmatch Computer Program
Authors: Artati Hanindya , Makrup Lalu , Pranowo Jafar
Published: August 2024

The earthquake ground motion, or acceleration time history, caused by an earthquake event, is an earthquake acceleration wave that can be utilized as a basis to design earthquake-resistant civil engineering buildings. The earthquake acceleration time history is needed as a basis to determine the earthquake loading for the building structure design. A time history can be developed from recorded data using spectral matching software. In this process, the response spectra of the recorded time history are matched to a specific target spectrum. The target spectrum is developed based on the Indonesian National Standard known as SNI 2012 (SNI code). The response spectra derived from this standard are referred to as the design response spectrum. These response spectra adopted by the SNI code are based on the ASCE code from the US. Two spectral matching software programs, namely Seismomatch and Specmatch, are employed for this purpose. In this study, both of software programs are utilized to match the response spectra of a time history to a predefined response spectrum. The results of the matching process indicate that Seismomatch does not produce a satisfactory match between the response spectra of the time history and the target spectrum, whereas Specmatch provides a matching result where the response spectra of the time history nearly perfectly align with the target spectrum.
Composition of Parasitoid Wasps in Insect Pests of Rice (Rice Leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis Guenée)
Authors: Sokheng Khem , Darith Siek , Yorn Try , Kim Heng , Channy Leng
Published: August 2024

Biological control is one aspect of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). The method focusses on natural enemies; beneficial insects are applied for biological control of agricultural insect pests and also provide an environmentally friendly approach. For the rice pests including Rice Leaf Folder (RLF), several parasitoids tend to be natural enemies that could be used to control the pest from the egg stage to pupa. This study was conducted with two varieties of rice, namely “Sen Kra Oub” and “Sro Ngea” at Battambang Province of Cambodia. Parasitoid wasps were collected from egg to pupa stages of RLF and rice yellow stem borer by rearing method, and stored in 70% of alcohol solution before sending for identification in Vietnam’s Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR) Laboratory. The outcomes revealed that five hymenopteran parasitic wasps of three different families were found, viz. Apanteles cypris Nixon, Bracon onukii Watanabe and Pentatermus striatus (Szepligeti) (Braconidae), Xanthopimla flavolineata Cameron (Ichneumonidae), and Telenomus rowani Gahan (Scelionidae) and being the primary parasitoids of rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee; stemborer Scirpophaga incertulas Walker (Pyralidae) and black branded swift Pelopidas mathias (Hesperiidae). Parasitism was not found at the vegetative phase with Sen Kra Ob varieties but in reproductive phase. parasitism proportion was 16.66% and 28.57% to 50% in ripening phase, different from Sro Ngea variety where a proportion was found in vegetative phase 27.27%, reproductive phase at 28.57% to 40% and 28.57% to 43% in ripening phase. All the hymenopteran parasitoids were initially recorded in Cambodia, whereby all the parasitoids were potential agents for biological control for important rice insect pests. The outcome of this research suggests that the Government should invest more in the research and development for biological control in Cambodia.
Effect of Irrigation Water Quality on Selected Soil Physico-Chemical Properties in Ethiopia: Review
Authors: Gemeda Firaol , Yadeta Belay
Published: August 2024

Saline and sodic water qualities used for irrigation could deteriorate soil physico-chemical properties based on type and amount of salts present in irrigation water and soil type being irrigated. Irrigation water with marginal quality could lead to the buildup of new soil characteristics that affect its fertility and productivity. In line with these issues, this review paper focused on reviewing the effect of irrigation water quality on selected soil physico-chemical properties in Ethiopia. Consequently, irrigation water quality of Errer River of Babile District, Ground water of Babile District, Tumuga and Gerjale irrigation sources, Adamitulu surface and ground water, Abaya Lake water, mixed water (Awash River to Beseka Lake River) and effect of these water sources qualities on selected soil physico-chemical properties were reviewed. The Errer River of Babile District, Tumuga and Gerjale irrigation water quality extent were within and below permissible value based on degree of restriction on use for irrigation and some selected soil physicochemical properties weren’t affected in observable extent due to quality of irrigation water. Certain irrigation water quality extent implied that Ground water of Babile District, Adamitulu Surface and Ground water, Abaya Lake water, mixed water (Awash River to Beseka Lake River) problem of suitability for irrigation and some selected soil physicochemical properties were affected due to extent of irrigation water quality were above threshold limit of irrigation water quality. The reviewed papers indicated that the soil quality was affected due to quality of irrigation water like its quality extent of salinity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and soluble sodium percentage (SSP) as it increased sodium, salt level and salinity in soil due to these parameters of irrigation water quality were above threshold limit, but calcium, magnesium and organic matter particulate content of irrigation water could improve soil fertility. Therefore, monitoring of irrigation water quality and checking of pre-planting and after harvesting soil physicochemical properties is very crucial to reveal and monitor the effect of irrigation water quality on soil physico-chemical properties.
PIMS-TS Complicating SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Report of 10 Pediatric Cases
Authors: Ahchouch Sanae , Benechchehab Youssef , Arrab Raja , Ammari Inssaf , Dini Nouzha
Published: August 2024

SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19, is a betacoronavirus identified by the WHO as the cause of the 2020 pandemic. Unlike most respiratory virus, children exhibit lower susceptibility to COVID-19 and generally develop milder disease courses, with reduced mortality rates. Recently, there have been reports of clustered cases characterized by shock states associated with elevated cardiac biomarkers and vasoplegia, necessitating treatment with inotropes, vasopressors, and fluid resuscitation. This clinical presentation has been linked to the emergence of Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS), also known as Kawasaki-like syndrome. This study is a retrospective analysis of 10 pediatric patients diagnosed with PIMS-TS secondary to COVID-19 infection, who were admitted to Mohammed VI International University Hospital in Casablanca, Morocco, from January 2021 to October 2023. The cohort's ages ranged from 2 to 13 years, with a mean age of 6 years, and demonstrated a male predominance (sex ratio 9M:1F). Clinical manifestations included prolonged fever, gastrointestinal disturbances, rash, conjunctivitis, and cheilitis. Laboratory findings revealed elevated levels of CRP, PCT, and ferritin, indicative of an atypical Kawasaki syndrome. These patients responded to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, with adjunctive corticosteroids administered as needed. All patients experienced favorable outcomes, with resolution of systemic involvement and normalization of inflammatory markers, and no relapses or fatalities were recorded. The risk factors for PIMS-TS complicating COVID-19 infection remain unclear. However, there are noted parallels between PIMS-TS and Kawasaki syndrome diagnostic criteria, suggesting possible pathophysiological overlap. In conclusion, a novel multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection, resembling Kawasaki syndrome, has been identified in pediatric patients. This emerging syndrome enhances our understanding of the complex pathophysiology associated with COVID-19 and underscores the need for continued research into its etiology and optimal management strategies.
Perspective—Concerning a New Mechanistic Model Toward the Catalytic Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Sun Youyi
Published: August 2024

A reasonable catalytic mechanistic model should refer to a widely range of catalytic reaction. We believe that all types of catalytic reaction on heterogeneous catalysis should follow a general mechanism, and it is our opinion that with the hall-filled valence orbitals, the atom of catalysts could convert the reactant into reactive radical and/or support the formation of new chemical bond between two reactants via radical dimerization. In our recent publications this new mechanistic model on the catalytic Fischer-Tropsch reaction (the conversion of CO and H2 to hydrocarbons), electrochemical hydrogen evolution reactions, and hydrogen combustion in various metal catalysts is discussed, and which seems to provide a reasonable interpretation to those catalytic reactions. In the present work it is discussed that this new mechanistic model is suitable to the Haber-Bosch process (catalytic ammonia synthesis) on various transition metal catalysts, and a reasonable explanation is provided on the catalytic property of various transition metal for ammonia synthesis.
A Semiflexible Polymer Translocation Through a Cylindrical Channel
Authors: Furi Adugna , Asfaw Solomon , Mekonen Gutu
Published: August 2024

In this study, translocation of a semi flexible polymer through a cylindrical channel have been investigated. A two-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation was employed, by utilizing the bond fluctuation method (BFM) to investigate the translocation processes of a chain length N. To surmount the entropic barrier, the middle monomers of the polymer have been positioned at the center of the pore, which is situated between the CIS and TRANS regions. Consequently, the static properties of a semi-flexible polymer by calculating the mean square end-to-end distance ‹R2› and the mean square radius of gyration ‹Rg2› as functions of the chain length (N) have been examined. The mean square end-to-end distance and the mean square radius of gyration are proportional to the number of monomers N as ‹R2› ~ N1.496 and ‹R2g› ~ N1.505 correspondingly for a short cylindrical channel length L = 2, which aligns with the theoretically predicted. These finding indicates that the relationships between ‹R2› and ‹Rg2› and the polymer chain size N are strongly influenced by the channel length L. The dynamic properties by analyzing the translocation time of the polymers also studied. Additionally, the relationship between the escape time τ and the polymer chain length N depends on the pore width W, which is equivalent to the diameter of the cylindrical channel. These research demonstrates that the escape time τ decreases as the width increases and escape time τ increases as the chain stiffness increases.
Relationship of Selected Kinematic Variables with the Performance of a Goal Kick Techniques in Football Goalkeeper
Authors: Belete Aychew , Yadav Abhishek , Taye Birhan , Yirsaw Bantie
Published: August 2024

Introduction: A goal kick is awarded when the whole of the ball passes over the goal line, on the ground or in the air, having last touched a player of the attacking team, and a goal is not scored. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship of selected angular kinematic variables with the performance of goal kick technique of soccer goalkeepers in Ethiopia's higher premier league. Method: Purposive sampling technique was used for choosing highly skilled goalkeepers. In the present study, a total of seventeen male goalkeepers (18 to 30 years of age) who had participated in the Ethiopian premier league participated. Goal kick technique was divided into three phases, such as the stance phase, the execution phase and the follow-through phase. All goalkeepers were given three trials and the best trial was used for analysis. Each participant performed three goal kicks with maximum strength that were video recorded with a camera (nikon d3200) positioned 9 m away from the place of the kick at the height of 0.95m. The silicon coachpro 7 and kinovea software were used for analyzing the data. The Joint Point Method was used in order to obtain the values of selected angular kinematic variables by developing a stick figure. The height of the Center of Gravity was calculated by segmentation method. The relationship of selected angular & linear kinematic variables with the performance of goal kick soccer goalkeeper was obtained by spearman rank correlation method. Conclusion: During stance phase, hip joint (left and right), ankle joint right, shoulder joint right and elbow joint left, do have a significant relationship with the performance of goal kick in soccer goalkeeper. At the time of execution phase, angular kinematic variables such as ankle joint left, hip joint right, shoulder joint right and elbow joint right do show a significant relationship with the performance of goal kick in soccer goalkeeper. Whereas the elbow joint left and wrist joint left were insignificant relationships. At the time of follow-through phase, ankle joint right, elbow joint left and hip joint were significant.
Application of Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Model on the Interaction of Inflation Rates and Public Debt in Kenya from 2011 to 2021
Authors: Maina John , Muriungi Robert , Gitonga Harun
Published: August 2024

This study examines the relationship between public debt and inflation rates in Kenya from 2011 to 2021 using the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model. Despite the models likeAutoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA), and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) gaining popularity in time series analysis, the Vector Autoregressive model, being multivariate, is relevant in analyzing two or more time series variables simultaneously, benefiting from the bi-directional causality and providing a better outlook into the flow of the dynamic interaction between inflation and public debt. The main objectives are modelling the Vector Autoregressive model and forecasting future trends to provide insights for policymakers. Additionally, the methodological approach comprises descriptive statistics, stationarity tests, normality tests, and the Vector Autoregressive model. Descriptive statistics reveal significant variations, with public debt increasing from 1.35 trillion KES to a peak of 8.2 trillion KES, and inflation rates ranging from 3.2% to 19.72% for the period from 2011 to 2021. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test confirmed that both time series were stationary at their levels. The Vector Autoregressive model, chosen for its ability to analyze dynamic interactions, indicated a significant relationship between the variables, with inflation showing strong self-persistence (coefficient of 0.8731, p < 2 × 10−16), though public debt did not significantly impact inflation in the model (p = 0.5592). The models R-squared values, 95.82% for public debt and 84.74% for inflation, highlight its strong explanatory power. Moreover, findings indicate that while public debt does not directly affect inflation within the model lag structure, inflation exhibits a strong self-persistence. The model R-squared values are 95.82% for public debt and 84.74% for inflation, demonstrating high explanatory power. Recommendations include the implementation of a robust debt management strategy, emphasizing sustainable borrowing and enhancing revenue generation to mitigate inflationary pressures. Further research is recommended to explore the broader macroeconomic impacts of public debt on economic growth and employment in Kenya.
Identify Primary Risk Variables Influencing the Recurrence of Cervical Cancer in Patients, Using Non-Parametric Methods at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital
Authors: Ettisa Demelash
Published: August 2024

Background: This study aimed to identify the primary risk variables influencing the recurrence of cervical cancer in patients, at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Cervical cancer deaths in Ethiopia reached 4,595, or 0.76% of total deaths. The age-adjusted death rate is 18.51 per 100,000 of the population in Ethiopia. Method: Among patients with cervical cancer, an institution-based retrospective follow-up research was conducted from January 2015 to March 2017 at TASH and is under follow-up. Out of a population of cervical cancer patients who were taking treatment in the hospital during that period, data on 420 patients is included in this study. Non-parametric methods, such as log-rank tests and the Kaplan-Meier method, were used to compare the rate of recurrence among the different explanatory variable categories. Results: After the medical cards of women were reviewed among those patients with cervical cancer, 170 (40.5%) were recurrent, and the remaining 250 (59.5%) were censored. Out of the total patients, 6.2% were at stage I, 32.6% were at stage II, 51.7% were at stage III, and 9.5% were at stage IV. The recurrence proportions of stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV patients were 5.88%, 27.05%, 52.35%, and 14.705%, respectively. Conclusion: Finally, the findings of this study implied that age, smoking cigarettes, stage of disease, initial treatment patients took, types of treatment patients took, and place were major factors related to the recurrence time of cervical cancer patients.
Effect of Root and Shoot Cutting on the Seed Production of Three Varieties of Carrot
Authors: Sarkar Md. , Hossain Md. , Rahim Md. , Hasan Radia , Tania Anjuman , Talukder Fakhar
Published: August 2024

An investigation was carried out at the United States Department of agriculture (USDA) Allium Field Mymensingh, Bangladesh Agricultural University Horticulture Farm Laboratory during the period of January 2019 to May 2019 to supervise the effect of root and shoot cutting (steckling) on the seed generation of three different carrot kinds. Four different cutting viz 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% root and shoot cutting (steckling) treatments and three varieties of carrot viz. PA (Prima Agroflora), BA (Brasilia Agroflora) and Indian AC0075 (Germplasm PI 652410). Three replications and a Randomised Complete Block Design were used to set up the experiment. The different percent of cutting and varieties had momentous effect on growth and seed generation of carrot. Among the varieties Brasilia Agroflora developed the best performance in respect of seed generation (0.82 g/plant, 20.41 g/plot and 136.11 kg/ha) copied by Prima Agroflora (0.47 g/plant, 15.00 g/plot and 100.00 kg/ha) and the lowest seed yield (0.73 g/plant, 13.88 g/plot and 92.59 kg/Ha) was filed from the variety Indian AC0075. The treatments percent root and shoot cutting (steckling) had momentous effects on most of the parameters practised. 50% root and shoot cutting treatment significantly influenced the yield and yield subscribing roles and gave the greatest yield of seed (0.73 g/plant, 19.99 g/plot and 133.33 kg/ha) whereas, 0% root and shoot cutting treatment produced the least seed yield (0.64g/plant, 14.25 g/plot and 95.06 kg/ha). Stirring the combined effect of percent root and shoot cutting (steckling) and variety with the maximum output of seeds (0.74 g/plant, 27.77 g/plot and 185.18 kg/ha) was earned from the set of treatments used with the Brasilia Agroflora variety with 50% root and shoot cutting (steckling) and the least seed yield (0.28 g/plant, 9.44 g/plot and 62.96 kg/Ha) was noted from the fusion of diversity Prima Agroflora with 0% root and shoot cutting (steckling) treatment.
From Data to Diagnosis Exploring AWS Cloud Solutions in Multi-Omics Breast Cancer Biomarker Research
Authors: Subramanian Gnanam , Ramamoorthy Kavitha
Published: August 2024

Breast cancer presents a profound global health challenge, compounded by unique intricacies within the Indian demographic, necessitating bespoke research methodologies. This abstract delineates the profound impact of Amazon Web Services (AWS) Cloud Solutions on advancing multi-omics breast cancer biomarker research, with a particular focus on Indian patient cohorts. It initiates with an exposition of the inherent challenges encountered during the transition from raw data acquisition to clinical diagnosis, emphasizing the indispensable role of cloud-based infrastructures in expediting this complex trajectory. Harnessing the comprehensive capabilities of AWS, this study elucidates how cloud solutions facilitate the seamless integration and analysis of multifaceted omics datasets, encompassing genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Central to this endeavor is a meticulous exploration of region-specific molecular markers germane to breast cancer within the Indian populace, illuminating their diagnostic and therapeutic ramifications. By capitalizing on AWS Cloud's scalability and computational acumen, this research underscores notable efficiency enhancements in processing voluminous datasets and distilling salient patterns therein. Furthermore, the discourse extends to the broader ramifications of these technological advancements within the precision medicine landscape, emphasizing the potential for tailored therapeutic interventions. This research heralds a paradigmatic shift in the application of cloud-based infrastructures to unravel the intricate tapestry of breast cancer, transcending geographical confines. Through its provision of insights poised to augment diagnostic precision and therapeutic efficacy on a global scale, this study marks a seminal stride towards fully harnessing the potential of precision oncology in combating breast malignancies.
Anesthetic Management of a Patient with Saber-Sheath Trachea
Authors: Wan Ying , Wang Xin
Published: August 2024

Saber-sheath trachea is a deformation of the trachea characterized by a tracheal index of less than 0.67, commonly found in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This condition can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, and recurrent respiratory infections, which may necessitate surgical intervention. We present the case of a 72-year-old male with a left upper pulmonary lobe tumor scheduled for thoracoscopic lobectomy. The patient exhibited severe emphysema and had a tracheal index of 0.28, indicating a significantly narrowed intrathoracic trachea. Preoperative assessments revealed stable vital signs and low risk for perioperative complications, allowing for standard noninvasive monitoring during the procedure. Anesthesia was induced while maintaining spontaneous breathing using inhalation anesthetics. A left-sided double-lumen endotracheal tube was successfully placed for lung isolation. Throughout the surgery, airway pressures remained below 20 cm H2O, and the patient tolerated ventilation well. Following the procedure, fiberoptic bronchoscopy confirmed the absence of airway complications. The patient experienced a smooth recovery, was discharged after 6 days, and reported feeling well at the 3-month follow-up. This case underscores the importance of careful anesthetic management in patients with saber-sheath trachea undergoing thoracic surgery.
A Timeline of Journalistic Influence of Writing on the Gilded Age in American Literature
Authors: Guarneri Cristina
Published: August 2024

The themes found in the writings by authors during the Gilded Age are still prevalent in writings of the twenty-first century. The Gilded Age, a term used to describe a period of economic boom after the American Civil War at the turn of the century, influenced communication to readers by using the ethos unearthed by writers who were opposed to a particular politician and their policies. The Gilded Age was a time of rapid economic growth through the invention of the railroad and business. What looked like a golden time was an era of great growing pains in America between the industrial worker and the wealthy business owner. What the Gilded Age symbolized in both life and writing has become a model of writing that extended to current literature. American writers contributed to a great body of literature that flourished during the Gilded Age. The Gilded Age was a time of rapid economic growth through the invention of the railroad and business. Literature was used as a social revolt that violated the growing power of business and growing government corruption that outlined the utopias of the inefficiency of a capitalistic system. Within genres of writing such as Poetry, the later nineteenth century, and early years of the twentieth century were a poor period for American poetry providing themes of distress, doubts, and fears about American life. Within the genres of writing, newspaper writing played a crucial role in exposing scandals, the pathos of the American Dream, and the logos or persuasion by using the trials of society. Writing was a powerful communication tool during the Gilded Age that allowed writers to target events during this era. Newspaper writing was important to communicating prominent issues to the public, as it upheld ideals to question government and keep it accountable. However, the Gilded Age writings helped to permanently etch in the minds of readers the importance of themes that were prevalent post-Civil War that impacted the writing and writers of American Literature.
Discover Use Linen Back Baby Carriers in Ancient Egypt
Authors: Elnashar El
Published: August 2024

Egyptological Research of the hieroglyphics of Linen back baby carriers specifically used in ancient Egypt, there is a depiction from a tomb dating back to 1500 B.C. that shows women carrying children in what appears to be white fabric carriers on their backs. Objectives of This article present a thought-provoking perspective on a possible link between ancient Egyptian design and ergonomics. Remember that this is an ongoing field of research, and new discoveries or interpretations may challenge or refine the presented ideas. Always strive to critically evaluate sources and consider alternative perspectives when exploring historical topics. Egyptians were resourceful people and linen was one of their most common textiles. And It's highly they used linen for a variety of purposes, including carrying children. However, since most Egyptians were farmers and laborers, they used simpler methods for carrying their children, such as slings made from scraps of fabrics. The Pharaohs of Egypt innovate the science of ergonomics and the design of infant carriers the value of our pictures for the earliest history of art. Definitive proof of photos ancient Egypt, the explicit evidence does of back baby carriers being used in ancient Egypt, even within the royal household. Considering the cultural context, practical advantages, and potential adaptations for royalty, further research holds promise in unlocking this fascinating aspect of childcare in a bygone era. This article is intended for research informational purposes and should be depended of research professional ergonomics medical advice. And this research paper is a starting point and can be further expanded upon by including specific citations, additional research findings, and personalized discussions based on your specific interests and areas of focus.
Thermophoresis & Soret-DuFour on MHD Mixed Convection of a Nano Fluid with a Porous Medium over a Stretching Sheet with a Non-Uniform Heat Source/Sink
Authors: Manthramurthy Prashanth , Rao Srinivasa
Published: August 2024

This work aimed to examine the effects of thermal diffusion (Soret) and diffusion-thermo (DuFour) on MHD mixed convective flow of a viscous nanofluid across a stretching sheet under a magnetic field embedded in a porous medium in the presence of non-uniform heat source/sink and chemical reaction. The governing equations are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations using the similarity transformation approach. They are subsequently resolved computationally by use of the efficient Keller box method. The effects of different physical factors on concentration, temperature, and velocity profiles are graphically shown. Increasing Du values decreases temperature, although concentration profiles indicate the reverse. As temperature rises, the chemical reaction parameter Kr values increase, while the concentration profile decreases. The temperature was found to rise when the space-dependent (A1) and temperature-dependent (B1) parameters for heat source/sink increased. Additionally, a tabular presentation of the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number behaviour is provided. Mixed convection heat and mass transfer flows are very important in manufacturing for designing reliable equipment, nuclear power plants, gas turbines, and various propulsion devices for aircraft, rockets, satellites, and spacecraft. The effects of non-uniform heat sources/sinks, thermophoresis, and chemical reactions on mixed convection flow play an important role in space technology and high-temperature processes.
Global Sensitivity Analysis of Soil Pollution Using Fractal Fractional Order Model
Authors: Pichandi Priya , Ayyavu Sabarmathi
Published: August 2024

This research investigates the profound impact of land pollution on soil degradation, stemming from human-made (xenobiotic) chemicals and alterations in soil composition. The framework explains a comprehensive nonlinear fractal fractional order eco-epidemic model, delineating four compartments: Susceptible soil (S), Polluted soil (P), Remediation or recycling of polluted soil (T), and Recovered soil (R). The study rigorously establishes the non-negative and unique existence of solutions using the fixed point theorem while analyzing the local and global stability of equilibrium points under pollution-free equilibrium and pollution extinct equilibrium. Dula’s criterion confirms periodic orbits, while categorizing changes in secondary reproduction numbers provides crucial insights into pollution dynamics, enhancing our understanding of system dynamics. Local and global sensitivity analyses, employing forward sensitivity and the Morris Method, yield essential findings for informed decision-making. Additionally, Adams-Bashforth's method is employed to approximate solutions, facilitating the integration of theoretical concepts with practical applications. Supported by numerical simulations conducted in MATLAB, the study offers a nuanced understanding of parameter roles and validates theoretical propositions, ultimately contributing valuable insights to environmental management and policy formulation.
The Effect of Climate Change on Soil Health: A Review
Authors: Nigussie Zinash
Published: August 2024

The phrase "soil health" mentions to the entire functionality of the soil as determined by the biological, chemical, and physical characteristics of the soil that are necessary for long-term, sustainable agricultural production by little impact on the environment. The ability of soil to carry out environmental and agronomic tasks, such as biomass productivity, sensitivity to management inputs, and resilience to biotic and abiotic stressors, is referred to as soil health. Since it is impossible to assess directly, soil fertility status and other specific soil parameters, including organic matter content, might be utilized in order to infer the state of the soil. Climate change may have an effect on soil health through temperature changes, salinity, hydrology, and the availability of organic matter. Main characteristics of the soil that are crucial for preserving its health are its desirable texture, structure, and tilt. The impact of several anticipated global change drivers, such as increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, rising temperatures, changed precipitation patterns, as well as nitrogen in the atmosphere accumulation, on the environmental, substance, and organic functions of soil, should be taken into account when describing the condition of soils in connection with changes in the climate.