bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demographical Based Sentiment Analysis for Detection of Hate Speech Tweets for Low Resource Language
Authors: Safdar Kamal , Nisar Shibli , Iqbal Waseem , Ahmad Awais , Bangash Yawar Abbas
Published: August 2023

Advancement in IT and communication technology provides the opportunity for social media users to communicate their ideas and thoughts across the globe within no time as well big data promulgated in a result of the communication process itself has immense challenges. Recently, the provision of freedom of speech has witnessed immense promulgation of offensive and hate speech content on the internet aimed the basic human rights violation. The detection of abusive content on social media for rich resource language has become a hot area for researchers in the recent past. However, low-resource languages are underprivileged due to the non-availability of large corpus and its complexity to understand. The proposed methodology mainly has two parts. One is to detect abusive content and the other is to have a demographical analysis of the Indigenously developed dataset. The process starts with the development of a unique unlabeled Urdu dataset of 0.2 M from Twitter through a web scrapper tool named snscraper. The dataset is collected against the 36 districts of Punjab from Pakistan and from the duration 2018- Apr 2022. The dataset is labeled into three target classes Neutral, Offensive, and Hate Speech. After data cleaning, the feature extraction process is achieved with the help of traditional techniques such as Bow and tf-idf with the combination of word and char n-gram and word embedding word2Vec. The dataset is trained on both machine learning algorithms SVM and Logistic regression and deep learning techniques Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). The best F score achieved through LSTM on this dataset is 64 and accuracy is 93 through CNN algorithms. A Choropleth map is used for visualization of the dataset distributed among 36 districts of Punjab and a time series plot for time analysis covers five years duration from 2018-Apr to 22.
How Did They Build the Free Encyclopedia? A Literature Review of Collaboration and Coordination among Wikipedia Editors
Authors: Ren Yuqing , Zhang Haifeng , Kraut Robert E.
Published: August 2023

Wikipedia has been the poster child for large-scale online open collaboration while few other online open collaboration initiatives have achieved similar success. How did Wikipedians do it? Besides the technical infrastructure, what social dynamics and processes are critical to its success? This essay reviews 217 articles that examined aspects of the behaviors of Wikipedia editors and the processes through which they coordinate and collaborate. Using the Input-Mediator-Output-Input model (IMOI) as the organizing framework, we summarized the key insights in an integrative review. The input factors include editors, their motivations, and the tools they use to support their work. The mediating factors include coordination, governance, leadership, conflict, newcomer socialization, and roles. The outcome focuses on measuring and predicting contribution quantity and quality. We hope our work serves as a road map for researchers who are interested in Wikipedia to learn about prior research and identify future research directions.
Relative Error Streaming Quantiles
Authors: Cormode Graham , Karnin Zohar , Liberty Edo , Thaler Justin , Veselý Pavel
Published: August 2023

Estimating ranks, quantiles, and distributions over streaming data is a central task in data analysis and monitoring. Given a stream of
n
items from a data universe equipped with a total order, the task is to compute a sketch (data structure) of size polylogarithmic in
n
. Given the sketch and a query item
y
, one should be able to approximate its rank in the stream, i.e., the number of stream elements smaller than or equal to
y
.

Most works to date focused on additive ε
n
error approximation, culminating in the KLL sketch that achieved optimal asymptotic behavior. This article investigates
multiplicative
(1± ε)-error approximations to the rank. Practical motivation for multiplicative error stems from demands to understand the tails of distributions, and hence for sketches to be more accurate near extreme values.

The most space-efficient algorithms due to prior work store either O(log (ε
2
n
)/ε
2
) or
O
(log
3
(ε
n
)/ε) universe items. We present a randomized sketch storing
O
(log
1.5
(ε
n
)/ε) items that can (1± ε)-approximate the rank of each universe item with high constant probability; this space bound is within an

\(O(\sqrt {\log (\varepsilon n)})\)

factor of optimal. Our algorithm does not require prior knowledge of the stream length and is fully mergeable, rendering it suitable for parallel and distributed computing environments.
Fabrication of Large-Sized Invar Alloy Film with Low Thermal Expansion by Pulse Reverse Electrodeposition
Authors: Yu Yu , Zhong Yiwei , Li Ying , Ren Wei , Wang Mingyong , Guo Zhancheng
Published: August 2023

Invar alloy film with low thermal expansion is a key substrate for high-resolution organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The preparation of Invar alloy film by electrodeposition has attracted increasing attention due to its low cost and simple process. In this work, a large-sized (8 × 10 cm) uniform Fe-Ni alloy film was fabricated by pulse reverse electrodeposition. The effects of the electrodeposition parameters on the chemical composition and microstructure of Fe-Ni alloy films were investigated. Results showed that greater Ni2+/Fe2+ in the electrolyte, lower pulse frequency (f), smaller reverse pulse coefficient (x), and lower electrodeposition temperature (T) favored the iron content. The Invar alloy film (64 wt% Fe) was electrodeposited at T = 50 °C, x = 0.2, f = 10 Hz, and Ni2+/Fe2+ = 1.9 when the average pulse current density was 30 mA cm−2. The structure of the film was composed of a mixture of fcc and bcc phases, where (110) and (111) preferential orientations were predominant. After heat treatment in H2 at 800 °C for 120 min, the bcc phase transformed into the fcc phase, and the grain size increased (>2 μm). As a result, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the film decreased from 11 × 10−6 to 1.5 × 10−6/°C, which is close to the standard for commercial application.
Improving the Long-term Cycle Performance of xLi2MnO3·(1-x)LiMeO2/Li4Ti5O12 Cells via Prelithiation and Electrolyte Engineering
Authors: Zhang Yicheng , Teeter Glenn , Kim Young Jin , Park Kyusung , Burrell Anthony , Ha Yeyoung
Published: August 2023

Toward the development of high energy density and long lifetime batteries for behind-the-meter storage (BTMS) applications, Li- and Mn-rich layered oxide cathode (xLi2MnO3·(1-x)LiMeO2, Me = Ni, Mn, and etc., LMR-NM) and Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) anode system was examined. To mitigate the major degradation mechanisms at each electrode (i.e., loss of Li inventory (LLI) at the anode and transition metal dissolution and oxygen release at the cathode), two approaches were taken—prelithiating the LTO electrode and varying the electrolyte solvent compositions. The effect of prelithiation and electrolyte engineering on the long-term cycle performance of LMR-NM/LTO cells were systematically evaluated via electrochemical analyses and post-mortem characterizations. By using a prelithiated LTO anode and supplying additional Li to the system, the capacity retention of LMR-NM/LTO system was improved. The degree of enhancement was dependent on the types of electrolytes used, as their decomposition products determined the level of LLI. With increased capacity retention, however, the cathode was utilized to a greater extent, resulting in more severe loss of the cathode active material. Thus, all degradation mechanisms should be considered comprehensively when designing high performance LMR-NM/LTO cells to account for their complex interplay.
Determining the Sparking Voltage of Working Electrolytes
Authors: Wang Shiyi , Wang Xinlei , Yuan Guiqing , Zhang Yu , Zhu Xiangxiang , Zhu Xufei , Song Ye
Published: August 2023

Sparking voltage is one of the vital parameters of the working electrolytes for aluminum electrolytic capacitors, which determines the operating voltage of the capacitors. However, the existing methods for measuring the sparking voltage suffer from low accuracy, bad reproducibility, high artificial error, etc. In this paper, we reported a versatile approach to determining the sparking voltage of the electrolytes. By a linear fitting procedure, the voltage-time data acquired from the test experiments were transformed into a correlation coefficient-time curve. Since the abrupt correlation coefficient change due to the occurrence of sparking could be more readily identified in the correlation coefficient-time curve, the limit voltage of the electrolyte was accurately determined. Thus, this voltage was subtracted from the IR drop in the solution to get the true sparking voltage of the electrolyte. This method prevented artificial errors arising from the direct observation or listening of sparking features, by which reliable and reproducible results can be gained by a computer program. This study provided active support for the development of high-performance working electrolytes.
Codesigning a Nursing Leadership Program to Transform Value and Delivery Systems for Fundamental Care
Authors: Feo Rebecca , Pearce Susanne , Kitson Alison , Conroy Tiffany
Published: August 2023

Aim. The aim of this article is to report the process and outcomes of codesigning a nursing leadership program for fundamental care. The leadership program is designed to empower nursing leaders, across research, education, clinical practice, and policy, to challenge and change how fundamental care is valued, prioritised, and actioned within health and care systems. Background. Deficits in fundamental care represent an intractable problem adversely impacting care recipients, care providers, and health and care systems globally. These deficits stem from the minimal value placed on fundamental care and its subsequent invisibility across research, education, clinical practice, and policy. Sustainable systems change requires effective nursing leadership; however, existing nursing leadership programs tend to address only one area of health and care systems, typically clinical practice, and do not focus specifically on fundamental care. Methods. The Fundamentals of Care Leadership Program was codesigned with current and emerging nursing leaders using a participatory action research approach. The collaborative codesign process involved two stages: (1) idea generation and preliminary program development via Nominal Group Technique (n = 60 participants from 11 countries) and (2) refinement and trialling of program content and process via a three-day workshop (n = 19 participants from 9 countries). Results. Participants prioritised a program that provided clear understanding of the concept of fundamental care, enabled the development of influencing and negotiating skills to advocate for this care, and offered resources on knowledge translation, implementation, and measurement strategies. Participants also wanted allotted time to design research and quality improvement projects that would allow them to transfer the skills learned to the real-world issues occurring within their respective organisations. Conclusions. The codesign process, embedded within a participatory action approach, enabled the development of a Fundamentals of Care Leadership Program that is shaped by, and meets the needs of, current and emerging nursing leaders. The leadership program will enable nursing leaders to challenge value systems on fundamental care and to champion this care across research, education, clinical practice, and policy, working towards enhanced fundamental care outcomes and experiences.
Religious Hybridity: Opportunities and Challenges for African Christian Theology
Authors: Hounguevou Barnabé
Published: August 2023

Religious hybridity points to the religiosity of individuals who are anchored in one religious system while involved at various levels through affiliation, participation, belonging, or allegiance to other religious traditions. If religious hybridity presents some Christological challenges for African theology, it also brings some opportunities since the persistence of religious hybridity reflects particular aspects of Christian teachings or practices which need further reflections and/or actions. Some areas of the Christian teaching or rituals do not seem to provide sufficient or satisfactory answers to some African Christians who therefore feel the need to retain elements of their traditional religions. African Christian theology is compelled to respond to those unmet needs which are mainly the demands for a genuine inculturation of transitional rites, a more holistic approach to healing, and a proactive engagement with the social reality. The palaver model can be a useful tool to approach those issues.
Do Moses and Aaron Sin at the Waters of Meribah?
Authors: Nascimento Daniel
Published: August 2023

Num 20,1–13 apparently re-edits the water miracle of Exod 17,1–7. The outcome, however, is far more dramatic. By striking a rock in the wilderness, Moses manages again to supply water to the thirsting people, but he and Aaron receive a heavy sanction. They will not be able to lead the people into the Promised Land. The reason for this punishment is obscure, and many interpreters throughout the centuries have ventured to propose different motives. By a close reading of the text as it stands, particularly the discrepancies between the commands of God and their execution by the leaders, we argue that a more holistic solution can be found to this difficult problem. Instead of a specific action or gesture, it is the overall posture of Moses and Aaron that conditions the outcome.
Revision of the genus Leptobatopsis Ashmead, 1900 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Banchinae) from Japan, with some taxonomic notes of Asian species
Authors: WATANABE KYOHEI , ITO MASATO
Published: August 2023

The Japanese species of the genus Leptobatopsis Ashmead, 1900 are revised. A total of eight species are recorded from Japan, including a new species, Leptobatopsis yaima sp. nov., and three species, L. annularis Kasparyan, 2007, L. koreana Lee & Kang, 2015, and L. nigricapitis Chandra & Gupta, 1977, newly recorded from Japan. A Chinese species L. annularis Sheng & Sun, 2013 is a homonym of L. annularis Kasparyan, 2007. Both species are clearly different, and we therefore propose a new replacement name for the former, L. sinica (nom. nov.). Leptobatopsis daedeokensis Lee & Kang, 2015 is newly synonymised with L. annularis Kasparyan, 2007. The taxonomic position of L. nigra immaculata Momoi, 1971 is changed from a subspecies of L. nigra Cushman, 1933 to separate species, L. immaculata. The female of L. badia Momoi, 1970 is newly described. A key to the Japanese species of this genus is proposed.
Callogobius williamsi, a new species of goby (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Marquesas Islands, with notes on the status of all nominal Callogobius species
Authors: DELVENTHAL NAOMI R. , MOOI RANDALL D.
Published: August 2023

Callogobius williamsi new species is described from the 32.9 mm SL holotype and 29 paratypes (6.9–32.5 mm SL) from the Marquesas Islands, South Pacific Ocean. Callogobius williamsi is distinguished from all other known Callogobius species by the following combination of characters: scales mostly cycloid, ctenoid scales, if present, restricted to the mid-lateral caudal peduncle, 23–26 (mode 25) scales in lateral series, preopercular papillae row (Row 20) absent, and the interorbital canal with pores B′, D, and F′ present. Callogobius williamsi belongs to a group of 23 nominal species (the hasseltii group) that are hypothesized to be monophyletic based on the shared presence of narrow and closely spaced dorsal processes of the cleithrum and an elongate caudal fin (greater than head length in specimens over 20 mm SL). Following the species description is a discussion of the status of all nominal species of Callogobius including a table that provides provisional status for all species correctly assigned to the genus.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 mRNA Binding Protein 3 Suppresses Ferroptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Stabilizing m6A Modification of Fanconi Anemia Group D2 Protein
Authors: Zhang Haotian , Tang Junjie , Gong Xiaowei , Huang Chenjun
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the role of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its association with N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. The study analyzes the expression levels and stability of IGF2BP3, as well as its impact on NSCLC cell functions. The findings indicate that IGF2BP3 is upregulated in NSCLC patients and cell lines. Knocking down IGF2BP3 reduces cell proliferation and promotes ferroptosis in A549 and H1299 cells. Additionally, the study reveals that IGF2BP3 regulates the m6A modification of the fanconi anemia group D2 protein (FANCD2) and influences its mRNA stability. Overexpressing FANCD2 counteracts the effects of IGF2BP3 silencing and increases the aggressiveness of NSCLC. Furthermore, treatment with celastrol induces ferroptosis in NSCLC cells and inhibits tumor growthin vivo. In conclusion, these findings suggest that IGF2BP3 acts as an oncogene in NSCLC. Its interaction with FANCD2 through m6A modification suppresses ferroptosis in NSCLC cells. Thus, the IGF2BP3/FANCD2 signaling pathway may serve as a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence for Predictions in Ecohydrology
Authors: Massoud Elias C. , Hoffman Forrest , Shi Zheng , Tang Jinyun , Alhajjar Elie , Barnes Mallory , Braghiere Renato K. , Cardon Zoe , Collier Nathan , Crompton Octavia , Dennedy-Frank P. James , Gautam Sagar , Gonzalez-Meler Miquel A. , Green Julia K. , Koven Charles , Levine Paul , MacBean Natasha , Mao Jiafu , Mills Richard Tran , Mishra Umakant , Mudunuru Maruti , Renchon Alexandre A. , Scott Sarah , Siirila-Woodburn Erica R. , Sprenger Matthias , Tague Christina , Wang Yaoping , Xu Chonggang , Zarakas Claire
Published: August 2023

In November 2021, the Artificial Intelligence for Earth System Predictability (AI4ESP) workshop was held, which involved hundreds of researchers from dozens of institutions. There were 17 sessions held at the workshop, including one on ecohydrology. The ecohydrology session included various breakout rooms that addressed specific topics, including 1) soils and belowground areas; 2) watersheds; 3) hydrology; 4) ecophysiology and plant hydraulics; 5) ecology; 6) extremes, disturbance and fire, and land-use and land-cover change; and 7) uncertainty quantification methods and techniques. In this paper, we investigate and report on the potential application of artificial intelligence and machine learning in ecohydrology, highlight outcomes of the ecohydrology session at the AI4ESP workshop, and provide visionary perspectives for future research in this area.
Consideration of Whether a Climatic Regime Shift Has Prevented the Occurrence of a Cold Summer in Northeast Eurasia since 2010
Authors: Amano Miku , Tachibana Yoshihiro , Ando Yuta
Published: August 2023

Does a warming world, where extremely hot summers are becoming more common, mean that cold summers will never again occur? It is crucial to know whether extremely cold summers are still possible, as such knowledge will significantly impact decisions regarding the further adaptation of crops to cold summers. Japan, which has suffered from many extremely cold summers, has managed past agricultural disruptions with emergency rice imports. In this paper, we show that a climate regime shift associated with the positive phase shift of the summer Arctic Oscillation occurred in 2010 in northeast Eurasia, making the occurrence of extremely cold summers highly unlikely as long as this new regime persists. In fact, Japan has not experienced a cold summer since 2010, while extremely hot summers have been frequent. Since 2010, a double-jet structure with subtropical and polar jets has strengthened, and the polar jet has meandered farther north of Japan, resulting in an upper-tropospheric anticyclone. This anticyclone, which extends downward and tilts southward, reaches southern Japan and prevents cold advection of oceanic air over the cold Oyashio. The Okhotsk high, known as the leading cause of cold summers, has occurred frequently in recent years; however, cold summers have not occurred due to the tilting anticyclone. The recent warming of the Oyashio weakens cold advection. The Pacific–Japan pattern, known as a remote tropical influence, has been weakened. A better understanding of the regime shift will help us understand the tilting anticyclone and the associated extreme summers in northeast Eurasia.

Significance Statement

Extremely cold summers are among the most destructive natural disasters, both socioeconomically and agriculturally. Historically, food shortages due to cold summers have triggered wars. This paper proposes that a hemispheric-scale climate regime shift occurred in or around 2010. This regime shift has included warmings in the North Pacific and East Eurasian land surface temperatures. The regime shift is accompanied by the positive shift of the Arctic Oscillation (AO), a jet meander, and an upper-tropospheric anticyclone, making eastern Eurasia extremely hot. Our results imply that extremely cold summers are unlikely to occur in eastern Eurasia so long as this regime persists. Moving forward, it is important that the link between this regime shift and global warming be explored.
Estimating Full Longwave and Shortwave Radiative Transfer with Neural Networks of Varying Complexity
Authors: Lagerquist Ryan , Turner David D. , Ebert-Uphoff Imme , Stewart Jebb Q.
Published: August 2023

Radiative transfer (RT) is a crucial but computationally expensive process in numerical weather/climate prediction. We develop neural networks (NN) to emulate a common RT parameterization called the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model (RRTM), with the goal of creating a faster parameterization for the Global Forecast System (GFS) v16. In previous work we emulated a highly simplified version of the shortwave RRTM only—excluding many predictor variables, driven by Rapid Refresh forecasts interpolated to a consistent height grid, using only 30 sites in the Northern Hemisphere. In this work we emulate the full shortwave and longwave RRTM—with all predictor variables, driven by GFSv16 forecasts on the native pressure–sigma grid, using data from around the globe. We experiment with NNs of widely varying complexity, including the U-net++ and U-net3+ architectures and deeply supervised training, designed to ensure realistic and accurate structure in gridded predictions. We evaluate the optimal shortwave NN and optimal longwave NN in great detail—as a function of geographic location, cloud regime, and other weather types. Both NNs produce extremely reliable heating rates and fluxes. The shortwave NN has an overall RMSE/MAE/bias of 0.14/0.08/−0.002 K day−1 for heating rate and 6.3/4.3/−0.1 W m−2 for net flux. Analogous numbers for the longwave NN are 0.22/0.12/−0.0006 K day−1 and 1.07/0.76/+0.01 W m−2. Both NNs perform well in nearly all situations, and the shortwave (longwave) NN is 7510 (90) times faster than the RRTM. Both will soon be tested online in the GFSv16.

Significance Statement

Radiative transfer is an important process for weather and climate. Accurate radiative transfer models exist, such as the RRTM, but these models are computationally slow. We develop neural networks (NNs), a type of machine learning model that is often computationally fast after training, to mimic the RRTM. We wish to accelerate the RRTM by orders of magnitude without sacrificing much accuracy. We drive both the NNs and RRTM with data from the GFSv16, an operational weather model, using locations around the globe during all seasons. We show that the NNs are highly accurate and much faster than the RRTM, which suggests that the NNs could be used to solve radiative transfer inside the GFSv16.
Quantifying the Impact of Vertical Resolution on the Representation of Marine Boundary Layer Physics for Global-Scale Models
Authors: Smalley Mark A. , Lebsock Matthew D. , Teixeira Joao
Published: August 2023

While GCM horizontal resolution has received the majority of scale improvements in recent years, ample evidence suggests that a model’s vertical resolution exerts a strong control on its ability to accurately simulate the physics of the marine boundary layer. Here we show that, regardless of parameter tuning, the ability of a single-column model (SCM) to simulate the subtropical marine boundary layer improves when its vertical resolution is improved. We introduce a novel objective tuning technique to optimize the parameters of an SCM against profiles of temperature and moisture and their turbulent fluxes, horizontal winds, cloud water, and rainwater from large-eddy simulations (LES). We use this method to identify optimal parameters for simulating marine stratocumulus and shallow cumulus. The novel tuning method utilizes an objective performance metric that accounts for the uncertainty in the LES output, including the covariability between model variables. Optimization is performed independently for different vertical grid spacings and value of time step, ranging from coarse scales often used in current global models (120 m, 180 s) to fine scales often used in parameterization development and large-eddy simulations (10 m, 15 s). Uncertainty-weighted disagreement between the SCM and LES decreases by a factor of ∼5 when vertical grid spacing is improved from 120 to 10 m, with time step reductions being of secondary importance. Model performance is shown to converge at a vertical grid spacing of 20 m, with further refinements to 10 m leading to little further improvement.

Significance Statement

In successive generations of computer models that simulate Earth’s atmosphere, improvements have been mainly accomplished by reducing the horizontal sizes of discretized grid boxes, while the vertical grid spacing has seen comparatively lesser refinements. Here we advocate for additional attention to be paid to the number of vertical layers in these models, especially in the model layers closest to Earth’s surface where climatologically important marine stratocumulus and shallow cumulus clouds reside. Our experiments show that the ability of a one-dimensional model to represent physical processes important to these clouds is strongly dependent on the model’s vertical grid spacing.
Piloting a Mobile Clinical Decision Support Application for Pediatric Clinical Guidelines
Authors: Lefchak Brian , Bergmann Kelly R. , Lammers Shea , Hester Gabrielle Z.
Published: August 2023

Mobile Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs) represent an increasingly utilized technology to promote clinical guideline use. We sought to explore clinician guideline use and access preferences during implementation of a mobile guideline app at a free-standing children’s hospital integrating 23 guidelines. Surveys included demographic variables and access preferences among anonymous onboarded clinicians in January 2022. Response rate was 21.8% (57/261) among onboarded users, mostly attending (59.6%) and resident/fellow physicians (21.1%) in inpatient (42.1%) and emergency department (31.6%) settings. Onboarded users accessed guidelines on over half of shifts (68.4%) and quickly (80.7%, <1 minute). Overall, most users reported favorable patterns for adoption of mobile CDSSs as useful adjuncts to existing formats. Users reported more ease of access and frequent guideline usage, particularly for younger clinicians. Guidelines related to antibiotic decision-making or newer disease processes were most useful. Further study is needed on electronic health record incorporation, adherence, and patient outcomes.
Classroom conversations: What will it take? A commentary on Abbot-Smith et al., 2023
Authors: Hindman Annemarie H. , Chor Elise
Published: August 2023

In their excellent review paper, Abbot-Smith and colleagues call for an emphasis on whole-classroom, tier-1 intervention approaches to supporting conversational skills in the preschool and primary grades. In our commentary, we discuss the benefits of and challenges to classroom conversation, particularly during the school transition period (ages 2 through 6), and we highlight several pathways that might help teachers foster more conversation with young children.
The Perspectives of Vision Rehabilitation Therapists on the State of the Profession: A Time for Action?
Authors: Connors Elyse M. , Abbott Polly M. , Norris Daniel E. , Ottowitz Jennifer J. , Morren Brigitte N.
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The vision rehabilitation therapy (VRT) field is small in number and growing more slowly than needed to meet the expanding need for services for persons with vision loss. There has been little examination of how vision rehabilitation therapists (VRTs) understand the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the profession. Methods: Statements of potential strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats were developed through a Delphi process. The final survey consisted of 11 demographic questions and asked participants to rate their level of agreement with 29 statements concerning the field. Participants were also asked to indicate which statements they believed were most important or impactful. Results: Overall, there was strong consensus among participants, with 19 of the 29 statements receiving 75% or greater agreement (strong agreement), with the highest consensus (87.2%) across the opportunity category. Discussion: Respondents perceive that the discipline's greatest strengths are that VRTs are the most highly trained professionals to provide education and rehabilitation for people with visual impairments across the lifespan, and they are a bridge between the medical, education, and rehabilitation systems. The lack of awareness of the job title and the roles of VRTs in the community, medical field, and in the field of vision was identified as the most impactful weakness of the field of VRT. Other related professionals being asked by employers to provide VRT services beyond their training, was identified as the most important threat. Implications for Practitioners: VRTs who responded to the survey indicate a fairly unified perspective on the state of the VRT discipline. Understanding the identified strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the field of VRT may serve as a foundation for unifying the voice of VRTs, to help coordinate a more uniform and strategic direction for growth. There are opportunities for all VRTs to contribute to the advancement and health of the VRT discipline, with the ultimate goal of providing high-quality services for persons with vision loss.
Psilocybin history, action and reaction: A narrative clinical review
Authors: Sharma Pravesh , Nguyen Quang Anh , Matthews Sadie J , Carpenter Erin , Mathews Douglas B , Patten Christi A , Hammond Christopher J
Published: August 2023

Hallucinogenic mushrooms have been used in religious and cultural ceremonies for centuries. Of late, psilocybin, the psychoactive compound in hallucinogenic mushrooms, has received increased public interest as a novel drug for treating mood and substance use disorders (SUDs). In addition, in recent years, some states in the United States have legalized psilocybin for medical and recreational use. Given this, clinicians need to understand the potential benefits and risks related to using psilocybin for therapeutic purposes so that they can accurately advise patients. This expert narrative review summarizes the scientific basis and clinical evidence on the safety and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy for treating psychiatric disorders and SUDs. The results of this review are structured as a more extensive discussion about psilocybin’s history, putative mechanisms of action, and recent legislative changes to its legal status. There is modest evidence of psilocybin-assisted therapy for treating depression and anxiety disorders. In addition, early data suggest that psilocybin-assisted therapy may effectively reduce harmful drinking in patients with alcohol use disorders. The evidence further suggests psilocybin, when administered under supervision (psilocybin-assisted therapy), the side effects experienced are mild and transient. The occurrence of severe adverse events following psilocybin administration is uncommon. Still, a recent clinical trial found that individuals in the psilocybin arm had increased suicidal ideations and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors. Given this, further investigation into the safety and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy is warranted to determine which patient subgroups are most likely to benefit and which are most likely to experience adverse outcomes related to its use.
A new approach to Jephthah’s vow: Antanaclasis (Judges 10–11)
Authors: Bae Hee-Sook
Published: August 2023

Jephthah and the people, and Jephthah and YHWH, are bound by the stipulation of YHWH’s intervention in the war. This indicates that Jephthah’s vow to sacrifice those who oppose him upon his return from battle should not be perceived in isolation but rather in light of the agreement made in YHWH’s presence. The phrase ‘come out to meet’ (יצא לקראת‎) describes not only the content of Jephthah’s vow (11.31) but also the appearance of his daughter (11.34). This article argues for this identical phrase as an antanaclasis. On this reading, Jephthah’s vow to sacrifice a person who comes out to meet him in his peaceful return was not made in exchange for victory in war but rather to atone for sins committed by rejecting the terms of the contract. Moreover, it was transformed by his daughter into a celebration of the Israelites’ victory, deliverance, and territorial expansion beyond its protection.
Road Piezoelectric Power Output Model and Experimental Study under Bidirectional Vehicle Load Excitation
Authors: Ni Junfeng , Wang Hangyu , Song Xiaojin , Liu Zhiming , Ye Jianke , Wang Jun , Wu Xiuyong
Published: August 2023

Recently, piezoelectric transducers have gained significant attention for energy recovery applications in road engineering. However, in laboratory tests, vehicle loads are often simplified using vertical vibration loads, thus ignoring the role of vehicle tangential loads. In this study, a power output model of a piezoelectric transducer under vertical and tangential loads was proposed through theoretical analysis. A bidirectional cyclic dynamic load test was conducted on the piezoelectric-concrete specimens in combination with a large dynamic and static straight shear instrument, and the power output law of the piezoelectric transducer under vertical and horizontal shear was investigated. The results revealed that the vertical vibration load was the main factor affecting the output performance of the piezoelectric transducer; however, with the addition of the tangential load, the electric energy output of piezoelectric pavement increased with an increase in the horizontal shear rate and displacement. When vibrating vertically (200 kPa and 4 Hz), the electric energy output of piezoelectric pavement was 4.979  μW. However, under the action of vertical vibration and horizontal shear with the working conditions of 200 kPa and 4 Hz, and 0.1 mm and 1 Hz, the electric energy output of piezoelectric pavement was 21.04  μW, which was 3.2 times that of the vertical vibration load alone. Therefore, by considering the influence of vehicle tangential loads, the power output of piezoelectric transducers can be calculated more accurately, which provides a reference for actual installed capacities in real engineering applications.
Comments on Jessica Gordon-Nembhard’s “Black Political Economy, Solidarity Economics, and Liberation: Toward an Economy of Caring and Abundance”
Authors: Tauheed Linwood
Published: August 2023

This is an immanent discussion of the paper presented by Professor Jessica Gordon-Nembhard for the 2023 David Gordon Memorial Lecture given at the Allied Social Science Association annual meeting, Union of Radical Political Economy session. The discussion is organized around eight references (excluding Gordon-Nembhard) cited in the paper. These references represent specific theoretical perspectives and practical experiences in the fields of political economy, Black political economy, and Black feminist political economy, as well as psychology and cultural studies. The goal is to place this article and the work of Gordon-Nembhard within a variety of political economy and interdisciplinary traditions, and highlight its importance.

JEL Classifications: B40, B55, P51
Donor political preferences and the allocation of aid: Patterns in recipient type
Authors: Greene Zachary D , Licht Amanda A
Published: August 2023

National executives in Western democracies are not unilateral deciders: they lead parties with long-term policy priorities and manage challenging multiparty coalitions. Leaders of donor states use foreign aid to pursue their goals, including enacting policy output consistent with party ideology. Because preferences for international engagement condition the effect of left–right ideology and coalition government incorporates actors with distinct preferences, we predict that left-pro-internationalist prime ministers and development ministers prefer aiding the neediest recipients while right-internationalists emphasize trade opportunities. Our statistical analysis of OECD donor–potential recipient dyads demonstrates the utility of unpacking democratic domestic politics’ effect on leader incentives and decisions.
Preliminary Efficacy of a Brief Cognitive Restructuring Intervention to Reduce Sexual Coercion Intentions: Roles of Alcohol and Emotion Regulation
Authors: Chen Weiqi , Hammett Julia F. , Davis Kelly Cue
Published: August 2023

Sexual coercion (SC), the use of nonphysical tactics to obtain sexual contact with a nonconsenting partner, is a prevalent form of sexual misconduct that is associated with several physical and psychological health concerns. Therefore, effective preventative interventions to reduce SC prevalence are needed. Alcohol consumption and difficulties in emotion regulation (ER) are two risk factors that contribute to SC. Cognitive restructuring (CR) has the potential to reduce SC intentions by improving ER through actively challenging one’s thoughts to modify emotions. This study represents a secondary data analysis to examine the effectiveness of a brief, web-based CR intervention in reducing SC intentions. To test whether the intervention would remain beneficial in the presence of alcohol, we tested effects among intoxicated versus sober participants. Young, male, heavy episodic drinkers with a history of sexual aggression ( N = 137) were randomized into a CR intervention versus control condition as well as alcohol consumption versus no alcohol condition. Then, participants completed a sexual aggression analog scenario. General linear regression analyses showed that intoxicated men reported stronger SC intentions than sober men. Additionally, relative to controls, men in the CR condition who had better preexisting ER cognitive reappraisal skills had significantly lower SC intentions. Our findings provide preliminary support for CR as an effective strategy to reduce SC intentions among sexually aggressive, heavy episodic drinking men with better cognitive reappraisal skills. If findings are replicated, this brief, web-based CR intervention could overcome potential challenges in dissemination and be easily applied in clinical settings.
Sofia Quintero Romero: Protection and Support of Breastfeeding With a Feminist and Social Justice Lens
Authors: Quintero Romero Sofia , Arendt Maryse
Published: August 2023

Sofia Quintero Romero graduated as a medical doctor at Universidad del Rosario, Bogotà, Colombia, in 1977. She spent a compulsory rural year working in a remote indigenous community in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in Columbia. In 1979 she worked in Bolivia for Terre des Hommes and Oxfam, evaluating their health projects with the Aymara Indians and in the tin mines. She had to leave Colombia for political reasons and went to England, where she obtained, in 1981, an MSc in Community Health at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM). That’s where she met her husband, Adriano Cattaneo. She then worked in Mozambique and Nicaragua where she was in charge of maternal and child health services at the regional level. Since 1990, she devoted her time to the protection, promotion, and support of breastfeeding. Sofia obtained a PhD in Maternal and Child Health at the University of Bologna, Italy, and a Diploma in Breastfeeding Theory and Practice at the Child Health Institute in London UK. She taught hundreds of breastfeeding courses for health professionals and peer counsellors in Italy and in dozens of countries abroad, using the World Health Organization/United Nations Children’s Fund (WHO/UNICEF) manuals. In the past 15 years, she changed her approach for breastfeeding education to biological nurturing. Sofia has been a member of the International Baby Food Action Network (IBFAN) since 1992 and coordinated the Nestlé Boycott in Italy. She retired in 2018.
Experimental investigation of tribological performance of 3D printed textured journal bearings for various polymers
Authors: Mourya Vishal , Bhore Skylab P.
Published: August 2023

In this study, the 3D-printed textured journal bearings (TJBs) are developed by fused deposition modelling (FDM) process with three different polymers such as ABS, PLA and nylon. For the study, the process parameters such as texture depth (TD), rotor speed (S) and load (L) are considered as input parameters. The experimental analysis of 3D-printed TJB is performed based on the response surface methodology (RSM). With the RSM technique, the influence of these input parameters on the tribological performance of 3D-printed TJBs. The tribological performance of 3D-printed TJBs are wear resistance (WR) and wear temperature (WT). Further, the GRA analysis is performed to evaluate the optimum value of these process parameters for ABS, PLA and nylon polymer. These results demonstrate that the wear resistance (WR) of TJBs is first increases with the texture depth and then starts decreasing. Among all the polymers, the ABS polymer is the most significant, and nylon is the least significant polymer for the 3D-printed TJBs. The maximum WR (i.e. 76.576 m/mm3) of 3D-printed TJBs is observed for the PLA polymer. Whereas, nylon provides the least WR (i.e. 9.572 m/mm3) of 3D-printed TJBs. At the optimal value of process parameters (TD = 1.5 mm, S = 500 r/min and L = 10N), the WR and WT of 3D-printed TJBs (for ABS polymer) are 62.126 m/mm3 and 323.75 K respectively.
Preparation and characterization of a carborane polyurethane with excellent high carbon residue and flame retardancy
Authors: Ye Li , Wang Luyao , Zhang Xiaoyu , Liu Yujie , Wu Xinheng , Zhang Yu , Zeng Fanglei , Li Ning , Qu Dezhi , Dai Hongyan
Published: August 2023

In this study, hydroxyl-terminated carborane polyarylates were directly reacted with isocyanates by direct main chain introduction method. Three carborane polyurethane resins were prepared by using polyarylates and isocyanates. The best curing process conditions were determined through curing kinetics research and experiments. TGA, DSC, XRD and variable temperature infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate the thermal properties. The combustion performance was studied by heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR) and limiting oxygen index (LOI). The surface morphology after heat treatment of carborane polyurethane resin and traditional polyurethane was observed by SEM method and focused on the stability of carborane polyurethane resin.
Volatility Spillover and Directionality in Cryptocurrency and Metal Markets
Authors: Dutta Sumanjay , Kayal Parthajit , Balasubramnaian G.
Published: August 2023

This article investigates the dynamic relationship between cryptocurrencies and metals, examining the existence and direction of volatility spillovers. While previous studies have explored the relationships between different cryptocurrencies and between base metals and gold, there is a notable gap in understanding the volatility spillover nexus among cryptocurrencies. This study makes a significant contribution by employing the Time-Varying-Parameter-Vector-Autoregressive (TVP-VAR) total connectedness measure to assess the strength of association between these assets. Our analysis employs 10-year daily returns data for three cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Litecoin, and Ethereum) and two metals (Gold and Copper). As we witness major economic events worldwide, this study is particularly relevant, as it provides insights into potential hedging opportunities. To comprehend the risk contagion patterns, various measures of partial and dynamic connectedness are computed, supporting the earlier TVP-VAR analysis. The findings indicate that Litecoin and Ethereum exhibit a high level of connectedness, while Bitcoin remains relatively less connected. Among the metals, Gold and Copper demonstrate similar levels of connectedness in certain cases. Notably, there is a significant risk contagion between Litecoin and metals. These results hold essential implications for policy-makers and portfolio managers with different time horizons, offering valuable insights into risk contagion within the cryptocurrency and metal markets.

JEL Codes: C32; G15; G17; G41
Ocular surface and glaucoma, a mutual relationship. Practical suggestions for classification and management
Authors: Figus Michele , Sacchi Matteo , Rossi Gemma Caterina , Babighian Silvia , Del Castillo José Manuel Benitez , de Polo Laura , Melchionda Eugenio , Posarelli Chiara
Published: August 2023

The chronic use of glaucoma medications could improve the development of an ocular comorbidity, the glaucoma therapy-related ocular surface disease. This could be related to the exposure of the conjunctiva to preservatives, but also active compounds such as prostaglandin analogues may improve the risk of ocular surface inflammation. Inflammation has a negative impact on tolerability and adherence to eyedrops and to the outcome of filtration surgery as well. A stratification of glaucoma patients based not only on visual field progression but also on glaucoma therapy-related ocular surface disease would be desirable for a strategic management. Early diagnosis, individualized treatment, and safe surgical management should be the hallmarks of glaucoma treatment. One of the main issues for the proper and successful management of patients is the right timing, effectiveness and safety for both medical and surgical treatment options leading to a precision medicine in glaucoma disease as the best modern treatment.
Telecommunications localism: the fight for control over local communication networks in the United States
Authors: Ali Christopher
Published: August 2023

While called the “bedrock” and “cornerstone” of US media policy, the localism principle has been chipped away over 40 years by the Federal Communications Commission's (FCC) full throated embrace of market-based practices. Recently, however, localism has emerged as a pivotal battleground in telecommunications. Through case studies of three recent regulatory issues—local cable franchising, municipal broadband, and small cell deployment—this paper examines the role of localism in US-based cable and telecommunications policy. It coins the term “telecommunications localism” to capture the changing technological focus of media regulation, from content to infrastructure. In regulatory actions over the past decade the FCC has simultaneously acknowledged local municipalities’ role in telecommunications deployment and actively worked to curtail this power through deregulation. These deregulatory actions strip municipalities of their autonomy over license negotiations and local rights of way and stymies the development and deployment of local communication systems.