bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Undoing Normative Time Structures
Authors: Alves Angela , Schütz Theresa
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Choreografin, Tanzwissenschaftlerin und Performerin Angela Alves hat sich in denen vergangenen Jahren intensiv mit den Themen Ableismus, Klassismus und feministische Kapitalismuskritik auf und hinter den Bühnen der Freien Szene beschäftigt. Im Gespräch mit Theaterwissenschaftlerin Theresa Schütz, die seit 2021 praxisbezogene Lehraufträge im Kontext Performancekritik & Disability Arts erfüllt, adressiert Alves ein mit dem Konzept der Crip Time verknüpftes Bündel an Praktiken und Strategien, die darauf abzielen, hegemoniale, normative Verständnisse von Zeit(lichkeit) in Produktions-und Arbeitsprozessen auszusetzen bzw. radikal neu zu denken. Dabei zeigt sich, wie eng Zeitverständnisse nicht nur mit kapitalistischer Produktivität, sondern auch mit struktureller Diskriminierung bestimmter Körper zusammenhängen.
Miscellaneity and Apocrypha in Chaucer's Works (1532)
Authors: Cook Megan L.
Published: February 2024

abstract: The miscellany has, historically, been treated as a category of remainder in catalogs of both manuscripts and printed books. Miscellanies are those volumes that, because of their inherently mixed character, do not fit neatly into other categories. However, this practice risks making miscellanies appear to be haphazard or accidental productions. Recent studies of such books have begun to excavate the strategies of assemblage, borrowing, and reorganization that mark their production. These strategies are not restricted to those books we now term miscellanies; frequently, they can also be discerned in books that fit more comfortably into other categories. How might our view of early books and the circumstances of their making shift if we centered the practices associated with miscellanies? As a case study, this essay will consider manuscripts and early printed editions of the works of Geoffrey Chaucer, tracing the significant commonalities between early copies of Chaucer's writings, in what might be termed "miscellaneous contexts," and the large printed folios that proudly announce themselves as "Chaucer's works" while still containing significant material attributed to other authors. Ultimately, taking the variance within the corpus of early Chaucer books into account, Cook argues for the quality of the miscellaneous as a potentially more useful framework for literary history than the more static category of the miscellany.
"The Best Book of Romance": The Gawain Manuscript and Composite Miscellaneity
Authors: Hines Zachary
Published: February 2024

abstract: British Library MS Cotton Nero A.x contains the unique copies of four important alliterative Middle English poems including Sir Gawain and the Green Knight —the chief source of the book's fame and focus of scholarly attention over the last century. At one point, this composite codex also contained two Latin manuscripts, compiled with the Middle English poems by early modern antiquarian collector Sir Robert Cotton. More than three centuries after Cotton assembled the volume, however, the British Museum extracted the Latin material and bound it separately from Gawain and the other English poems. This essay discusses the unique form of codicological miscellaneity that characterizes composite manuscripts like Nero A.x. The story of its early modern assembly and modern disaggregation illustrates how material histories can determine how we access and interpret medieval texts today.
Using Digital Finding Aids to Define Manuscript Miscellanies of English Verse, 1575–1675: A Broad Picture of a Material Genre and Its Conventions
Authors: North Marcy L.
Published: February 2024

abstract: North's essay utilizes data derived from electronically searchable finding aids and first-line indexes to help us understand broad trends in the production of early modern manuscript verse miscellanies. Her primary sources are the online Catalogue of English Literary Manuscripts compiled by Peter Beal and the Folger Shakespeare Library's Union First Line Index. She also consults manuscripts themselves to check the reliability of the data. North then uses this broad sketch of miscellany characteristics to highlight some of the relationships between material form, production method, and miscellany content. The focus is on early seventeenth-century English verse miscellanies, because there are enough extant manuscripts in this category to make generalizations very fruitful. Within the limits of this data, which provide information about formats, hands, construction, ownership, organization, and content, North is particularly interested in the divisions of labor, the contributions of professional or practiced hands, the balance of well-known authors and noncanonical work, the clustering of similar items, and the way in which miscellaneity emerges in this data as both an aesthetic and a practical goal for early manuscript compilers.
Reflections on the Early Days of Sign Language Research
Authors: Fischer Susan D.
Published: February 2024

Abstract: In the spirit of the theme of this special issue, I'm going to focus largely on my experiences prior to 1980.
The Beginnings of Sign Language Research in Italy: A Story of Unexpected Encounters
Authors: Volterra Virginia , Caselli Maria Cristina , Corazza Serena
Published: February 2024

Abstract: We'll begin this contribution by describing our own individual entry points and motivations as we stepped into this nascent field of research. We'll then briefly summarize the initial stages of research on Italian Sign Language, which was carried out with many other collaborators.
L'image numérique au service de la littérature et de l'interculturalité: Cas des booktubes dans le secondaire marocain
Authors: Amraoui Loubna
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Cet article se veut une recherche-action ayant pour objectif de présenter les apports que pourraient procurer les booktubes dans l'enseignementapprentissage du français langue étrangère dans le secondaire marocain. Il vise à prouver que cette pratique numérique s'avère un procédé innovant à vocation ludo-éducative auquel les enseignants du FLE pourraient recourir afin de renforcer les compétences des collégiens. Étant inscrite dans la sphère de la didactique du FLE, notre thématique se focalise sur l'interculturel corrélé à l'apprentissage de la littérature et à l'exploitation des outils numériques innovants. L'ultime objectif de cet article est d'initier les collégiens à penser, outre la langue, la culture, l'identité, et l'altérité à
travers des pratiques lectorales autonomes et numériques innovantes. Notre recherche révèle que le texte littéraire et les booktubes sont capables de former et de développer, chez les collégiens, une compétence interculturelle et des soft skills leur permettant de s'ouvrir sur l'Autre, d'ouvrir la voie vers l'échange interculturel et de se distancier de leur propre culture.
Bilan cinématographique 2022–2023: Crimes, luttes et rivalités
Authors: Degroult Nathalie , Bissière Michèle , Brunet Marie-Line
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Cinéaste prolifique depuis plus de vingt ans, François Ozon aime marquer les esprits en variant les genres et les thèmes. Ses films, dans lesquels défile le gratin des actrices et acteurs français, explorent les histoires familiales, les premiers émois amoureux, la sexualité, ou des sujets d'actualités tels que les abus sexuels des hommes d'église, la fin de vie et la place des femmes dans la société. L'oeuvre ozonienne est l'inspiration thématique du bilan cinématographique de l'année (mai 2022–avril 2023).
Pixelwise calibration method for a telecentric structured light system
Authors: Yang Yuchen , Zhang Song
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces a pixelwise calibration method designed for a structured light system utilizing a camera attached with a telecentric lens. In the calibration process, a white flat surface and a flat surface with circle dots serve as the calibration targets. After deriving the properties of the pinhole projector through a conventional camera calibration method using circle dots and determining the camera’s attributes via 3D feature points estimation through iterative optimizations, the white surface calibration target was positioned at various poses and reconstructed with initial camera and projector calibration data. Each 3D reconstruction was fitted with a virtual ideal plane that was further used to create the pixelwise phase-to-coordinate mapping. To optimize the calibration accuracy, various angled poses of the calibration target are employed to refine the initial results. Experimental findings show that the proposed approach offers high calibration accuracy for a structured light system using a telecentric lens.
Multiple HAPS-based space-air-ground network with FSO communication: a performance analysis
Authors: Singh Deepshikha , Swaminathan R. , Pham Anh. T.
Published: February 2024

Due to the fact that the existing generation of wireless communication cannot possibly keep up with the current traffic explosion and emerging applications, research and development on next-generation (i.e., sixth generation, 6G) wireless technologies is being carried out worldwide. In this regard, it is anticipated that the space-air-ground (SAG) network with free space optics (FSO) communication can provide the terabits per second throughput necessary to sustain various potential 6G applications. However, FSO communications are susceptible to atmospheric turbulence, pointing errors, and beam scintillation effects. To remedy the severe atmospheric effects, we propose a multiple high-altitude platform station (HAPS)-based SAG network with a HAPS selection scheme. For the proposed system, we have derived the closed-form expressions for outage probability, average symbol error rate (SER), ergodic capacity, and outage capacity over Málaga distribution with pointing errors. Further, the asymptotic expressions for outage probability, average SER, and outage capacity were derived to enhance the comprehension of the system from a practical standpoint. It is observed from the numerical results that the multiple HAPS-based FSO system performs better than the existing HAPS-based FSO systems.
Scheme for a WDM-PON with colorless optical network units based on a flat optical frequency comb
Authors: Cao Yian , Wu Shibao
Published: February 2024

A new, to the best of our knowledge, scheme for a wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) based on a flat optical frequency comb (OFC) is proposed. Using an OFC as the optical source of the system can realize the colorlessness of optical network units (ONUs), and the direct detection of the downlink data further simplifies the ONU structure. The coherent demodulation of the uplink data improves the system performance due to the coherence of the comb lines. In this research, the proposed system is studied for its performance and power budgeting. The results show the flexibility, effectiveness, and practicability of the proposed scheme, which can be applied to future high-capacity optical access networks.
Optical design of a visible/short-wave infrared common-aperture optical system with a long focal length and a wide field-of-view
Authors: Yan Aqi , Chen Weining , Li Qianxi , Guo Min , Wang Hao
Published: February 2024

Addressing the urgent need for long-distance dim target detection with a wide field-of-view and high sensitivity, this paper proposes a visible and short-infrared dual-band common-aperture optical system characterized by a broad field and extended focal length. To achieve system miniaturization and high-sensitivity target detection, the visible and infrared optical systems share a Ritchey-Chretien primary and secondary mirror. The primary optical path is segmented into visible light (0.45–0.75 µm) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) (2–3 µm) bands by a dichroic spectral splitter prism. The SWIR optical system utilizes four short-wave cooled infrared detectors, and wide-field stitching is achieved using a field-of-view divider. While ensuring the high cold-shield efficiency of cooled infrared detectors, this common-aperture optical system delivers visible and SWIR dual-band images with expansive fields, elongated focal lengths, and sizable apertures. The visible-light optical system has a focal length of 277 mm, a field-of-view of 2.3∘×2.3∘, and an entrance pupil diameter of 130 mm. Meanwhile, the SWIR optical system features a focal length of 480 mm, a field-of-view of 2.26∘×1.8∘ and an entrance pupil diameter of 160 mm. The design outcomes suggest that the imaging quality of the optical system approaches the diffraction limit. This visible/SWIR common-aperture optical system exhibits high sensitivity, a large field-of-view, compact structure, and excellent imaging quality, thereby meeting the requirements for long-distance dim target detection and imaging.
In situ calibration of shear ratio for quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry using double-slit interference
Authors: Zhang Xiaotian , Han Xiting , Wang Tao , Zhong Hui , Liu Shuhao , Li Yanqiu , Liu Ke
Published: February 2024

A new method, to the best of our knowledge, based on double-slit (DS)
interference is proposed to accurately estimate the shear ratio of the
system, with plane wave or spherical wave incidence. Existing shear
ratio calibration methods, designed primarily for lateral shearing
interferometry (LSI) with plane wave incidence, are not applicable to
LSIs directly testing divergent or convergent spherical waves.
Equations for calculating the shear ratio using the fringe spacing of
the DS interferogram and the NA of the incident spherical wave are
derived in this paper. The simulation result shows that the relative
error of the shear ratio value is about 0.3%, when the shear ratio is
0.1. In the experiment, the quadriwave LSI is designed with a plug-in
feature. The shear ratio at integer multiples of 1/6 Talbot distance
from the modified Hartmann mask was calibrated using a DS, and the
results were in good agreement with theoretical values, confirming the
accuracy of the method. Subsequently, with the assistance of an
inductance micrometer, the shear ratio was calibrated at intervals of
0.5 mm, and the results closely matched the theoretical
variation of the shear ratio caused by displacement, confirming the
high precision of the method.
Spectrally resolved nonlinearities within a laser pulse in a single-scan and spectrometer-based nonlinear optical probing
Authors: Acharyya Jitendra Nath , Kuriakose Albin , Vijaya Prakash G.
Published: February 2024

The intricate spectrally resolved optical nonlinearities resulting from a spectrally broad femtosecond Gaussian laser pulse have been unraveled using a single-scan and spectrometer-based nonlinear optical probing technique. The interaction of the broad femtosecond laser pulse with a strongly absorbing organic dye has unveiled a remarkably distinct nonlinear absorption behavior across the broad spectral window. The nonlinear absorption behavior unveils an unusual transition from the reverse saturation absorption (RSA) to the saturation absorption (SA) as we sweep the wavelength on both sides of the central wavelength of the excitation laser pulse. A competition between the band-filling and excited-state absorption results in such a dramatic switch-over from the RSA to the SA due to the variation of the intensity distribution across the Gaussian pulse spectrum. On the other hand, the nonlinear refraction studies dictate more over the constant Kerr-type positive nonlinear refractive indices across the entire laser pulse, with a pronounced contribution from the nonlinear absorption phase dominating at the center of the pulse. The presented technique establishes a robust and simple spectrometer-based technique that offers new, to the best of our knowledge, avenues for estimating optical nonlinearities for rapid nonlinear optical measurements.
Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Meghalaya, India: Multiple correspondence and agglomerative hierarchical cluster analyses
Authors: Kim Sooyoung , Sarkar Rajiv , Kumar Sampath , Lewis Melissa Glenda , Tozan Yesim , Albert Sandra
Published: February 2024

Meghalaya, a state in the northeastern region of India, had a markedly low vaccine uptake compared to the other states in the country when COVID-19 vaccines were being rolled out in 2021. This study aimed to characterize the distinct vaccine-hesitant subpopulations in healthcare and community settings in Meghalaya state in the early days of the vaccination program. We used data from a cross-sectional survey that was administered to 200 healthcare workers (HCWs) and 200 community members, who were a priori identified as ‘vaccine-eligible’ and ‘vaccine-hesitant,’ in Shillong city, Meghalaya, in May 2021. The questionnaire collected information on participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 history, and presence of medical comorbidities. Participants were also asked to provide a dichotomous answer to a set of 19 questions, probing the reasons for their hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines. A multiple correspondence analysis, followed by an agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis, was performed to identify the distinct clusters of vaccine-hesitant participants. We identified seven clusters: indecisive HCWs (n = 71), HCWs skeptical of COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccines (n = 128), highly educated male tribal/clan leaders concerned about infertility and future pregnancies (n = 14), less educated adults influenced by leaders and family (n = 47), older adults worried about vaccine safety (n = 76), middle-aged adults without young children (n = 56), and highly educated ethnic/religious minorities with misinformation (n = 8). Across all the clusters, perceived logistical challenges associated with receiving the vaccine was identified as a common factor contributing to vaccine hesitancy. Our study findings provide valuable insights for local and state health authorities to effectively target distinct subgroups of vaccine-hesitant populations with tailored health messaging, and also call for a comprehensive approach to address the common drivers of vaccine hesitancy in communities with low vaccination rates.
Comparative exploration of mammalian deafness gene homologues in the Drosophila auditory organ shows genetic correlation between insect and vertebrate hearing
Authors: Sutton Daniel C. , Andrews Jonathan C. , Dolezal Dylan M. , Park Ye Jin , Li Hongjie , Eberl Daniel F. , Yamamoto Shinya , Groves Andrew K.
Published: February 2024

Johnston’s organ, the Drosophila auditory organ, is anatomically very different from the mammalian organ of Corti. However, recent evidence indicates significant cellular and molecular similarities exist between vertebrate and invertebrate hearing, suggesting that Drosophila may be a useful platform to determine the function of the many mammalian deafness genes whose underlying biological mechanisms are poorly characterized. Our goal was a comprehensive screen of all known orthologues of mammalian deafness genes in the fruit fly to better understand conservation of hearing mechanisms between the insect and the fly and ultimately gain insight into human hereditary deafness. We used bioinformatic comparisons to screen previously reported human and mouse deafness genes and found that 156 of them have orthologues in Drosophila melanogaster. We used fluorescent imaging of T2A-GAL4 gene trap and GFP or YFP fluorescent protein trap lines for 54 of the Drosophila genes and found 38 to be expressed in different cell types in Johnston’s organ. We phenotypically characterized the function of strong loss-of-function mutants in three genes expressed in Johnston’s organ (Cad99C, Msp-300, and Koi) using a courtship assay and electrophysiological recordings of sound-evoked potentials. Cad99C and Koi were found to have significant courtship defects. However, when we tested these genes for electrophysiological defects in hearing response, we did not see a significant difference suggesting the courtship defects were not caused by hearing deficiencies. Furthermore, we used a UAS/RNAi approach to test the function of seven genes and found two additional genes, CG5921 and Myo10a, that gave a statistically significant delay in courtship but not in sound-evoked potentials. Our results suggest that many mammalian deafness genes have Drosophila homologues expressed in the Johnston’s organ, but that their requirement for hearing may not necessarily be the same as in mammals.
Modelling the creation of friends and foes groups in small real social networks
Authors: García-Rodríguez Alberto , Govezensky Tzipe , Naumis Gerardo G. , Barrio Rafael A.
Published: February 2024

Although friendship networks have been extensively studied, few models and studies are available to understand the reciprocity of friendship and foes. Here a model is presented to explain the directed friendship and foes network formation observed in experiments of Mexican and Hungarian schools. Within the presented model, each agent has a private opinion and a public one that shares to the group. There are two kinds of interactions between agents. The first kind represent interactions with the neighbors while the other represents the attitude of an agent to the overall public available information. Links between agents evolve as a combination of the public and private information available. Friendship is defined using a fitness function according to the strength of the agent’s bonds, clustering coefficient, betweenness centrality and degree. Enmity is defined as very negative links. The model allows us to reproduce the distribution of mentions for friends and foes observed in the experiments, as well as the topology of the directed networks.
BI-RADS categories and breast lesions classification of mammographic images using artificial intelligence diagnostic model
Authors: Turk Fuat , Akkur Erkan , Erogul Osman
Published: February 2024

According to BI-RADS criteria, radiologists evaluate mammography images, and breast lesions are classified as malignant or benign. In this retrospective study, an evaluation was made on 264 mammogram images of 139 patients. First, data augmentation was applied, and then the total number of images was increased to 565. Two computer-aided models were then designed to classify breast lesions and BI-RADS categories. The first of these models is the support vector machine (SVM) based model, and the second is the convolutional neural network (CNN) based model. The SVM-based model could classify BI-RADS categories and malignant-benign discrimination with an accuracy rate of 86.42% and 92.59%, respectively. On the other hand, the CNN-based model showed 79.01% and 83.95% accuracy for BI-RADS categories and malignant benign discrimination, respectively. These results showed that a well-designed machine learning-based classification model can give better results than a deep learning model. Additionally, it can be used as a secondary system for radiologists to differentiate breast lesions and BI-RADS lesion categories.
ESTADO DE CONSERVAÇÃO DA PAISAGEM NO MUNICÍPIO MATOGROSSENSE DE JUARA, BRASIL
Authors: Alves Lurdes Lemes Pereira , Neves Sandra Mara Alves da Silva , Rodrigues Luciene da Costa , Kreitlow Jesã Pereira
Published: February 2024

A cobertura vegetal é relevante para o equilíbrio ambiental, pois protege os solos contra as erosões e proporciona bem-estar e qualidade de vida da população. O escopo desta pesquisa é analisar a dinâmica da cobertura vegetal e do uso da terra do município de Juara/MT, avaliando o estado de conservação da paisagem municipal. Foram efetuadas pesquisa bibliográfica, geração de mapas temáticos da cobertura vegetal e uso da terra entre o período de 1990 a 2020, por meio de ferramentas geotecnológicas e Regressão Linear para estabelecer as projeções futuras, adotando-se os intervalos de 10 anos. A Agricultura, que não existia em 1990, em 2000 ocupava 444,93 km2 e foi reduzida em 109,31% em 2010 e 2020 totalizava 712,86 km2. A área da Pecuária em 1990 era de 2.352,98 km2, em 2000 de 4.523,36 km2, em 2010 de 7.058,80 km2 decrescendo em 2020 para 6.197,43 km2. Constatou-se que o estado da paisagem foi alterado de pouco degradado para regular. A projeção do estado da paisagem (2030-2060), considerando que a sociedade mantenha o mesmo comportamento em relação ao uso, será regular. Concluiu-se que se faz necessário a adoção de medidas mitigatórias quanto aos impactos derivados dos usos das terras, principalmente relativo a Pecuária.
LUTA CONTRA O BANIMENTO RACIAL: A CAMPANHA DESPEJO ZERO NO CENTRO ANTIGO DE SALVADOR NA CRISE SANITÁRIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Manzi Maya , Rebouças Thaís de Miranda , Mourad Laila Nazem , Silva Maura Cristina da , Gonzalez Fernanda Christina Silva , Caminha Ana Cristina da Silva , Lima Adriana Nogueira Vieira , Lima Eliane Silva
Published: February 2024

A pandemia da covid-19, declarada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como emergência sanitária, levou à morte de quase 700 mil pessoas no Brasil. As orientações para adoção do isolamento social, como forma de prevenção do contágio revelaram a centralidade do direito à moradia como condição para realização do direito à saúde e à vida. Nesse contexto, as fraturas das desigualdades socioespaciais, sobretudo em relação à população negra, foram evidenciadas de forma mais intensa, impulsionando a luta pelo Despejo Zero no Brasil. Este artigo busca entender, com base em abordagens feministas e antirracistas, como se configuram as ameaças e as ações de despejo, suas implicações socioespaciais e jurídicas para as famílias, ocupações, comunidades e movimentos sociais envolvidos e as estratégias de luta e resistência usadas por elas para defender os seus direitos à permanência no Centro Antigo de Salvador. Este trabalho mostra um caso de luta contra o banimento racial e de defesa de territórios, moradias e vidas negras através da articulação entre diversos saberes e ações insurgentes que criaram redes, contracartografias e efeitos políticos e jurídicos transescalares em direção ao Direito à Cidade no contexto da pandemia.
Variações em redes de coautoria para publicações sobre assistência estudantil, a partir dos termos usados nas pesquisas
Authors: Simões Lincon Rodrigues Dias , Andriola Wagner Bandeira , Machado Diego de Queiroz
Published: February 2024

Esta pesquisa investigou a variação na estrutura de redes de coautoria para publicações sobre Assistência Estudantil, a partir do emprego de diferentes termos, assim como a variação no conteúdo das publicações dessas redes. A análise utilizou os softwares VOSviewer (versão 1.6.18) e Ucinet, para o mapeamento das relações entre autores, e o software Voyant Tools para análise dos textos dos resumos. Os resultados revelaram que as políticas destinadas a apoiar o êxito e a permanência dos alunos assumem uma variedade de formas, as quais correspondem vários termos e expressões, e que a abrangência dos resultados de estudos sociométricos sobre Assistência Estudantil varia significativamente de acordo com os termos usados na busca. Em razão dessa variedade, uma busca conjunta, abrangendo vários termos, resulta em muitas assimetrias entre as redes. Conclui-se que, a construção de uma visão panorâmica das redes de coautoria sobre Assistência Estudantil requer a adoção de várias buscas com o uso de diferentes filtros, principalmente por país de origem.
Advanced Treatment of Tofu Wastewater using Multilevel Filtration and TiO2 Photocatalysis as Promising Approach for Effective Wastewater Remediation
Authors: Adriansyah Endi , Marhadi Marhadi , Herawati Peppy , Viareco Hariestya , Sufra Rifqi , Emilia Agustina Tuty
Published: February 2024

Tofu production is known to generate large amounts of wastewater containing a variety of organic compounds, chemicals, and potentially hazardous substances. It is very important to apply proper treatment of harmful substances that impact this wastewater. The aim of this study is to explore advanced techniques for treating tofu wastewater by combining multilevel filtration and TiO2 photocatalysis methods. To evaluate the efficiency of the treatment process, influent and effluent parameters, including pH, total suspended solids (TSS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD), are carefully monitored and measured. The results clearly demonstrate the impressive removal efficiency achieved through the combined use of multilevel filtration and TiO2 photocatalysis in treating tofu wastewater. The treated wastewater showed a promising efficiency in pH (100%), a significant decrease in TSS (40%), and COD (72%). the final measurements of pH met the standards set by government regulations, indicating successful remediation of these specific parameters. Even though TSS and COD haven't met the standard limits, each of them shows a very promising efficiency improvement. Towards the end of this study, it is suggested that the combination of these methods holds promise for effectively remediating tofu wastewater.
Analysis of Community-Based Waste Management through Waste Bank in Tinjomoyo Urban Village, Semarang City, Central Java
Authors: Anam Sarful , Siwiendrayanti Arum
Published: February 2024

Waste is a problem that, until now, has been difficult for the Indonesian government to solve. The emergence of waste banks can make people aware of the need to manage waste properly. The community eventually became more educated about managing and sorting household waste. The household waste consists of used cardboard, used plastic drink bottles, used shoes, and other used items. If waste banks exist in a community and whether they have an impact on that community or other "aspects" is a question unto itself. This study aims to see the impact of waste banks on the community and help local governments realize effective waste bank management. The type of research used in this study is observational-descriptive research. In addition, interviews were also conducted with waste bank administrators, and questionnaires were distributed to waste bank customers. The data was analysed with simple quantitative descriptive. The results of this study reveal the underlying aspects of the establishment of a waste bank in Tinjomoyo Urban Village and the impact of the waste bank on the surrounding community, especially on waste bank customers. As a result, some people feel a positive impact from the waste bank in Tinjomoyo Urban Village.
Effects of Rubber Factory Wastewater Sludge Compost on the Growth Parameters of Rubber Seedlings: A Nursery Study and Environmental Perspective
Authors: Maryani Anis Tatik , Hendra Aves Dwi , Fitriani Miranti Sari , Wibowo Yudha Gusti
Published: February 2024

Conducted at the University of Jambi's Teaching and Research Farm in Mendalo Indah Village, this three-month study from September to November 2022 utilized a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single variable: rubber factory wastewater sludge compost application. Five treatment levels were tested: a0 = 25 g NPKMg dose, a1 = 100 g rubber factory wastewater sludge compost + 20 g NPKMg dose, a2 = 200 g rubber factory wastewater sludge compost + 15 g NPKMg dose, a3 = 300 g rubber factory wastewater sludge compost + 10 g NPKMg dose, and a4 = 400 g rubber factory wastewater sludge compost + 5 g NPKMg dose. Statistical analysis, employing ANOVA and the Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test, determined treatment effects at a 5% significance level. The study assessed various rubber plant growth parameters, such as live seedling percentage, shoot emergence, budded shoot height, leaf count, stem diameter, root count, shoot and root dry weight. Notably, the application of 400 g of rubber factory wastewater sludge compost significantly influenced plant growth, specifically enhancing shoot emergence, stem diameter growth, and budded shoot height.
Exploring the Potential of Solar Energy in Mosque Buildings: A Case Study of Dumai Islamic Centre Mosque in Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Putri Nia Armelia , Rahman Ari , Suryawan I Wayan Koko
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the implementation of solar panels in the Dumai Islamic Centre (DIC) Mosque, located in Dumai City, Riau Province, to reduce carbon emissions. The study presents an overview of the significance of solar energy utilization and its potential benefits in the context of mosque buildings. This research was aimed to assess the criteria for selecting the appropriate solar panel type, determine the power output and PV area required for the DIC Mosque, and estimate the carbon emissions reduction resulting from installing solar panels. The study employed a quantitative research design and utilizes the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to select the most suitable solar panel type. The results reveal that polycrystalline solar panels are the optimal choice based on efficiency, power peak, operation and maintenance, and price criteria. Installing solar panels on the DIC Mosque's roof, positioned at an optimal height, ensures maximum sunlight exposure and energy generation efficiency. Calculations demonstrate a significant reduction in carbon emissions post-installation. The carbon emissions reduction potential is estimated at 57.693 kg CO2 eq per day or 21,057.95 tons CO2 eq per year. This highlights the positive environmental impact of solar energy implementation in the DIC Mosque.
Landfill Leachate Treatment with Ozonation to Improve Biodegradability
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi , Oktiawan Wiharyanto , Novianti Komang Dewi
Published: February 2024

Leachate is a liquid that comes from processed waste generation so that it contains compounds that are harmful or toxic to the environment. The quality of the leachate obtained included COD: 3,315 mg/l, BOD: 339 mg/l, TSS: 216 mg/l, and color 3,1210 Pt.Co. Waste processing site Temesi has a BOD/COD ratio of 0.11, this value is not suitable for using biological treatment because the biodegradability value is small so it is difficult for microorganisms to degrade existing pollutants. Therefore, it is necessary to have an pretreatment that is used to increase the value of biodegradability, one of which is oxidation using ozone. Ozone has a strong oxidizing value so that it can produce free radicals to break long chains of pollutants so that they become simpler. This research on ozone oxidation resulted in an increase in the BOD/COD ratio from 0,1 to 0.14 with a generator capacity of 36 g/hour. In this study, an ozone generator of 100 G/hour was used which increased the BOD/COD ratio to 0.46 with a final COD yield of 815 mg/l increasing BOD to 379 mg/l, TSS become 157,62 mg/L and color become 23.642 Pt.Co.
Hotspot Distribution Analysis as Forest and Land Fire Indicators in the New National Capital City (IKN)
Authors: Kumalawati Rosalina , Yuliarti Astinana , Raharjo Jany Tri , Rijanta Rijanta , Susanti Ari , Saputra Erlis , Wahyu Budiman Puput , Aris Pratomo Rahmat , Hendra Murliawan Karnanto , Putra Danarto Wisnu , Anastasia Muhtar Ghinia , Nurita Anggraini Rizki
Published: February 2024

East Kalimantan Province is planned as the new national capital city (IKN). Forest and land fires occur regularly every year and their frequency is increasing, especially during the dry season. This research uses secondary data, namely hotspot data. Hotspot data was obtained from the results of the 2012-2022 S-NPP VIIRS image recording. Data analysis in this study used descriptive and statistical analysis. The results of processing and analysis of the distribution of hotspots are overlaid with administrative maps so that the distribution of hotspots in each district in the study area can be identified. The results of the study show that hotspots distribution from the 2012-2022 S-NPP VIIRS image recording in East Kalimantan Province is varies quite a bit in each district. The highest hotspots distribution is in Kutai Kartanegara Regency and the lowest is in Mahakam Ulu and Penajam Paser Utara Regency. The higher number of hotspots is the higher incidence for forest and land fires. The distribution of hotspots needs to be known because it can be a form of early detection and fire mitigation so that the negative impact of fires can be minimized.
The Effect of Addition EM4 Solution on Vermicomposting Fish Waste to Increase CNPK Regosol Soil
Authors: Setiani Vivin , Dewi Tanti Utami , Nindyapuspa Ayu , Kristina Dinda Maya , Devi Yesica Novrita
Published: February 2024

The Environmental Service Surabaya noted that waste generation at Benowo Landfill reached 1,600 tons/day. 60% of waste generation at Benowo Landfill was dominated by organic waste. One of organic waste was fish waste, vegetable waste, and some waste from household business activities such as sawdust. One of method composting to reduce organic waste is vermicomposting. Lumbricus rubellus is a type of worm that eats leaf litter so, it is suitable to be used decompose organic waste. The adding of EM4 solution can make more fast of composting process. The compost could be applied in regosol soil to improve soil CNPK quality. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of EM4 variations on the quality of compost based on SNI 19-7030-2004 and the effect of adding the compost to regosol soil. The research result showed that the quality of compost complies with SNI 19-7030-2004. The statistical analysis showed that EM4 has a significantly effect on compost quality and regosol soil improvement.
Germline Pathogenic Variants in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Drbohlavová Tereza , Argalácsová Soňa , Soukupová Jana , Vočka Michal
Published: February 2024

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents a significant global health problem with variable geographic distribution and risk factors, including tobacco and alcohol abuse, human papillomavirus infections, and genetic predisposition. While the majority of cases are sporadic, several well-defined hereditary syndromes have been associated with a higher risk of developing HNSCC including Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Fanconi anaemia, Bloom syndrome, familial atypical multiple mole melanoma, and dyskeratosis congenita. There is also evidence of familial clusters of HNSCC, suggesting a genetic component in the development of the disease. Germ­line genetic testing in HNSCC using next-generation sequencing has revealed a wide range of germline variants, some of which were not anticipated based on standard guidelines. These variants may influence treatment decisions and have the potential to be targeted with precision medicine in the future. Despite these advances, routine germline genetic testing for HNSCC is not currently recommended and remains reserved for HNSCC cases with early onset or strong family cancer history. However, the increasing availability of germline genetic testing warrants development of more comprehensive and standardized testing protocols. Germline genetic testing also has the potential to influence precision-guided treatment in HNSCC patients carrying germline pathogenic variants.
How clinical laboratories select and use Analytical Performance Specifications (APS) in Italy
Authors: Ceriotti Ferruccio , Buoro Sabrina , Pasotti Fabio
Published: February 2024

Objectives

Even if the topic of the analytical quality required to provide laboratory results “fit for purpose” exists since the beginning of the modern medical laboratory, there is the suspect that the expression “Analytical Performance Specifications” (APS) is not well-known. To investigate this aspect a survey was conducted.

Methods

A questionnaire with seven questions related to the knowledge about the topic, the sources of information and the criteria used by the laboratories to set the APS and their applications was prepared. It was distributed to all the clinical pathology laboratories of Lombardy Region (143) and to the members of SIBioC Laboratory Medicine (excluding Lombardy).

Results

We received 201 replies: 127 from Lombardy and 74 from the rest of Italy. Fifteen percent declared to ignore the meaning of APS and only 64 % of those knowing the meaning of the term declared to use them in the daily practice. The state-of-the-art was the principle used more frequently to set APS (about 48 %) followed by biological variation (41 %), and APS were typically applied to set goals for Internal Quality Control for selected measurands. Usually imprecision or total error APS were used, much less frequently uncertainty APS. In fact only 27 % of the laboratories declared to have calculated the measurement uncertainty for part or the majority of their measurands.

Conclusions

Even considering the limits of a survey that relies upon self-declarations, it appears clearly that, at list in Italy, there is some work to be done to promote the concept and the use of APS.
Synthesis of aluminium (Al) and alumina (Al2O3)-based graded material by gravity casting
Authors: Singh Puneet , Mer Krishna Kant Singh , Singh Satyendra
Published: February 2024

In the present work, aluminium alloy-based composites were developed for automobile applications. Aluminium-based functionally graded material (FGM) was developed by adding 2.5, 5 and 7.5 wt% of nanoparticles of alumina. The composites were made using gravity casting in an open hearth furnace with the surface temperature of FGM maintained at 750, 850 and 1,000°C. The microstructure of the samples was studied using scanning electron microscopy and particle distribution. The particle distribution was higher at the bottom in all compositions, which can be attributed to more solidification time. As the wt% of the Al2O3 increased, the volume fraction of particles also increased from the top surface to the bottom surface of the samples. After adding 7.5 wt% of Al2O3 and heating up to 1,000°C led to the grain refinement of the alloy. The increase in hardness from the top surface to the bottom surface of the sample verified the development of FGM. Due to increase in the solidification temperature, better reinforcement was observed in the developed FGM.
Prevention starts here: effectiveness of substance abuse prevention module among adolescent students in Bengaluru – a quasi experimental study
Authors: Ramamurthy Deepthi , Manjunath Smitha , Sarvar Rana , Nair Aparna S. , Kundapur Rashmi , Rashmi Anusha , Modi Bhavesh , Kadri Amiruddin M
Published: February 2024

Objectives

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured educational module on substance abuse prevention program among adolescents in enhancing their knowledge against substance abuse.

Methods

A quasi-experimental design was employed involving 120 students (mean age: 14.3±1.03 years, 59.2% boys) from two English medium schools. Participants were exposed to a structured module on substance abuse over a month. The study assessed changes in knowledge through pretest and post-test evaluations. Statistical analyses examined improvements in scores and the relationship between class of study and post-test knowledge scores.

Results

The intervention significantly improved students’ knowledge about substance abuse (p<0.001) across all measured domains, genders, and classes, with the exception of the 7th class. A positive correlation was found between the class of study and post-test scores (Rs=0.288, p<0.001), indicating that higher classes were associated with greater improvements in knowledge. These findings suggest that the training effectively increased awareness and understanding of substance abuse among participants.

Conclusions

The substance abuse prevention program successfully enhanced adolescents’ knowledge and equipped them with resilience and coping strategies, thus reducing their vulnerability to peer pressure and substance abuse. Despite the lack of significant improvement in the 7th class, the overall positive outcomes underscore the importance of implementing such educational interventions to foster healthy development and well-being among students. Further research is encouraged to explore the specific barriers to effectiveness in younger classes and to refine program content accordingly.
Effect of cannabinoids in mild-to-moderate cases of Crohn’s disease as compared to placebo: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Singh Shruti , Maharshi Vikas
Published: February 2024

Introduction

In view of limited treatment options (those too may fail) for Crohn’s disease, cannabinoids have been tried as a therapeutic. However, their efficacy is not unequivocally established. This systematic review and meta-analysis was planned to pool data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating effect of cannabinoids in Crohn’s disease with an intention to take this uncertainty away.

Content

Following literature search in Medline, EMBASE, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, RCTs assessing the effect of cannabinoids on mild-to-moderate Crohn’s disease in adults were included. Crohns’ disease activity index (CDAI), QoL (Quality of life), number participants achieving full remission and serum CRP at eight weeks of treatment were the outcomes considered for meta-analysis. Quality of studies was assessed using Cochrane’s RoB2 tool. Random effect model was applied for meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochrane ‘Q’ statistics and I2 test. Sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the major contributor(s) to heterogeneity and assess robustness of the results.

Risk of bias for the four included studies varied from ‘low’ to ‘some concern’. Overall effect estimate (SMD −0.92; 95 % CI −1.80, −0.03) indicated a statistically significant effect of cannabinoids as compared to control (p<0.05) on CDAI score. Effect of cannabinoids on rest of the outcome parameters was comparable to that of placebo. Magnitude of heterogeneity for different outcome parameters ranged from ‘low’ to ‘substantial’.

Outlook

Cannabinoids were superior to placebo for favourably affecting the disease severity in terms of CDAI score. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the two for improving QoL, causing full disease-remission and reducing inflammatory markers. The results must be interpreted with caution in view of relatively high heterogeneity among the studies.
Colored thermal camouflage and anti-counterfeiting with programmable In3SbTe2 platform
Authors: Zhou Sihong , Dong Shikui , Guo Yanming , Shuai Yong , Xu He-Xiu , Hu Guangwei
Published: February 2024

Camouflage is an important technology in various scenarios. Usually, this involves the visible compatibility of the background, which however is facile under infrared thermal radiation detection. The simultaneous visible and thermal camouflage are challenging because it requires full and decoupled manipulations of visible reflection and infrared emissivity using one single device, let alone to its adaptivity to complex environments. Here, we report a programmable, colored thermal camouflage at 3–5 μm and 8–14 μm based on mode coupling in phase-change In3SbTe2 materials. A series of industry-friendly colored multilayer thermal emitters are designed consisting of an anti-reflectance layer for structure coloration above a coupled nanocavity for IR modulation, which easily realizes the complete decoupled control of visible color and infrared emissivity. Our solution features independent structural visible colors in the full visible range and continuously programmable dual-band emissivity modulation with up to 90 % absolute tuning range. Our work facilitates near optimal camouflage and anti-counterfeiting solution for visible-infrared multi-band compatibility of complex environments under different temperatures and colored appearances.
North Caucasus in the Crimean War
Authors: YELBAŞI Caner
Published: February 2024

The Crimean War is one of the important turning points in Ottoman-Russian relations. While the Ottoman Empire tried to maintain its declining influence in the Black Sea with the support of its European allies, Russia tried to increase its influence in both the Balkans and the North Caucasus. Against this policy of Russia, the resistance groups in the North Caucasus tried to gain the support of the Ottoman Empire and its allies, while trying to create unity among themselves. The movements in the North Caucasus, which were far from forming any unity and providing organized resistance, ended after the war when Russia launched a total occupation and colonization activity in the Caucasus region. The war and resistance in the region gave way to one of the greatest tragedies in history, in which hundreds of thousands of Circassians were exiled and subjected to massacres. In this study, the situation in the North Caucasus during and after the Crimean War will be evaluated.