bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Other Duties as Assigned: Reaching New Heights Through Changes
Authors: Brooks Melissa , Colquitt Michelle , Whitehead Kayla , Leffler Jennifer
Published: November 2024

One of the primary aspects of librarianship is how our roles can and will change. Melissa Brooks, Michelle Colquitt, and Kayla Whitehead discuss change management in their new positions, including changes from smaller institutions to larger ones and into positions with increasing responsibilities at the same institution. In addition, we discuss strategies we have found helpful while undergoing great periods of change. Our perspectives include managerial (Brooks), career-change (Colquitt) and moving from a sole practitioner to team member (Whitehead). This session focuses on theory-versus-practice regarding what we learned in library school versus the realities of working in academic libraries. We examine change management and the growth mindset—particularly in planning projects versus their actual execution and implementation—as well as staffing levels and their impact on workflows.
Metadata for Everyone: Identifying Metadata Quality Issues Across Cultures
Authors: Shi Julie , Donathan Dennis
Published: November 2024

Metadata is crucial to the dissemination and communication of research. Quality metadata facilitates discovery and access and provides contextual, technical, and administrative information in a standard form. Yet metadata are also sites of tension between sociocultural representations, resource constraints, and standardized systems. Formal and informal interventions may be interpreted as metadata quality issues, political acts to assert identity, or strategic curatorial choices to maximize discoverability and visibility. This presentation documents the work of Public Knowledge Project (PKP) and Crossref on the Metadata for Everyone project to understand how metadata quality, consistency, and completeness impact individuals and communities. Working from a sample of records known to have erroneous, incomplete, or otherwise imperfect metadata, we set out to identify and classify issues stemming from how metadata and communities press up against each other to intentionally reflect (or not) cultural meanings.
La réhabilitation de la dimension constructive du conflit comme fondement d’un programme de recherche politique pour une gouvernance partagée de l’entreprise
Authors: Benjamin Chapas
Published: November 2024

Cet essai a pour objectif de définir les contours d’un programme de recherche sur les enjeux, en matière de gouvernance de l’entreprise, d’une meilleure reconnaissance de la place et de l’importance du conflit dans la construction du politique en régime démocratique. Il s’inscrit dans une perspective critique qui entend montrer ce qu’implique politiquement l’idée d’une gouvernance partagée de l’entreprise, trop souvent réduite à une question technique dans les travaux fondés sur une vision contractualiste et disciplinaire de la gouvernance de l’entreprise. Une gouvernance « partagée » de l’entreprise implique en effet de reconsidérer les bénéfices que l’on peut tirer de la mise en œuvre, au sein des organisations productives, d’une culture de la conflictualité qui puisse assurer la complémentarité entre les projets personnels de ses différentes parties prenantes et l’union sociale qu’ils forment. Cette orientation permet de poser un regard critique sur l’évolution du thème de la réforme de l’entreprise et, par suite, de poser de nouvelles questions autour desquelles construire un agenda de recherche qui puisse être aux prises avec l’atmosphère polémogène qui façonne le fonctionnement de l’entreprise dans le premier quart du 21ème siècle.
The influence of employee share ownership on CSR performance. The case of SBF 120 listed companies
Authors: Moustabchir Oussama , Khenissi Mohamed , Juban Jean-Yves
Published: November 2024

This paper analyses the influence of employee ownership on French companies’ CSR performance. Based on a sample of 102 companies from the SBF 120 stock index over the period 2012-2021, the results show that employee ownership has a positive influence on overall CSR performance, social and governance performance in particular. Our results also show that employee ownership only becomes a lever for environmental performance when employees hold a high or even majority level of their company's capital. Our study highlights the fact that development of employee ownership enhances companies' CSR efforts. These results are robust under two alternative measurements of employee ownership.
Employee director compensation as a revealer of the ambiguities of their role
Authors: Manseri Riyad
Published: November 2024

The analysis of the compensation that employee directors may receive for their directorship reveals the underlying stakes at the core of their mandate. On one hand, it raises questions about the relationships employee directors maintain with employees and other employee representatives. On the other hand, it raises questions about their relationships with other directors, by whom they wish to be recognised as legitimate interlocutors. Ultimately, employee directors are torn between two conceptions of their role, a tension illustrated by the diverse meanings they ascribe to their compensation.
Actionnariat salarié et gestion des ressources humaines : entre approche actionnariale et partenariale de la gouvernance
Authors: SALESINA Marc , SCHMITT Valentin , STÉVENOT Anne
Published: November 2024

À l’aide d’un jeu de données inédit construit à partir de l’enquête REPONSE 2017 et de la base de la FEAS, cet article met en évidence les liens entre actionnariat salarié, pratiques de GRH et relations professionnelles dans les entreprises cotées françaises. Nous explorons les effets de l'intensité de l'actionnariat salarié (proportion du capital détenue au titre de l'actionnariat) et de son étendue (proportion de salariés actionnaires ou taux de démocratisation), ainsi que l'interaction entre ces deux dimensions. Nos résultats mettent notamment en évidence des logiques de gouvernance contrastées selon que l’on considère l’intensité (proportion du capital détenu) ou l’étendue (proportion de salariés actionnaires) de l'AS, entre approches actionnariale d’une part et partenariale de l’autre.
Conversion Single Reagent of n-Propanol to 1,1-Dipropoxypropane Using Cr/Activated Carbon Catalyst
Authors: Falah Iip Izul , Wijaya Karna , Vebryana Marini Fairuz , Saviola Aldino Javier
Published: November 2024

Synthesis of 1,1–dipropoxypropane from a single reagent of n-propanol using Cr/Activated Carbon (Cr/AC) as a catalyst has been done. Activated carbon (AC) was prepared by activating coconut shell carbon at 650 °C in the atmosphere of N2 at a flow rate of 20 mL/min for 4 h, and then it was washed using acetone in a Soxhlet for 15 rounds, washed three times by 1.0 M HCl, and finally, it was sieved at 60–80 mesh. Metal content was analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and represented by Na, Ca, and Fe. The AC was impregnated with Cr (VI) solution and reduced with H2 at 650 °C. The acidity of the Cr catalyst was determined by the adsorption of ammonia. Optimation of n-propanol conversion to 1,1-dipropoxypropane using Cr/AC catalyst in the atmosphere of N2 was conducted in an oven using variations of temperature of 450, 500, and 550 °C, amount of catalyst of 5, 10, and 15 g, and flow rate of alcohol of 0.10, 0.50, and 0.90 mL/min. The conversions of 1,1-dipropoxypropane were analyzed by GC-MS and 1H-NMR. The results showed that the AC's metal content significantly decreased after washing with acetone and 1.0 M HCl. The AC and Cr/AC had 2.49 and 8.27 mmol/g acidity, respectively. The highest product of 1,1-dipropoxypropane of 65.0% was reached at 450 °C using a 5 g catalyst at a flow rate of the alcohol 0.10 mL/min.
Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene Using Catalyst of NiO Impregnated on Magnetic Silica Sand from Parangtritis Beach
Authors: Trisunaryanti Wega , Hidayat Habib Fikri , Pradipta Mokhammad Fajar , Ibrahim Muh. Siddik
Published: November 2024

Oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (ODS-DBT) using catalyst of NiO impregnated on magnetic silica sand from Parangtritis beach (Ps) had been evaluated. The NiO-Ps catalyst was prepared using wet impregnation method with Ps to Ni (NO3)2·6H2O weight ratio of 1:1. The catalyst was calcined at a temperature of 400 °C for 5 h under flow of 20 mL min-1 of N2 gas. The ODS-DBT process was carried out using NiO-Ps catalyst on solution of n-hexane with a sulfur content of 500 ppm under variations of temperature, time, and H2O2 volume. The results of XRD and FTIR indicated the main minerals of Ps were quartz, alumina, and magnetite. The Ps and NiO-Ps had crystallinities of 59.97 and 70.32% with crystal sizes of 16.32 and 10.95 nm. The SEM-EDX and TEM analysis showed the surface of Ps was flat and NiO-Ps was rough. The BET-nitrogen absorption-desorption indicated the Ps and NiO-Ps were mesoporous materials with average pore diameters of 11.98 and 24.01 nm, total pore volumes of 0.008 and 0.057 cm3 g-1, and specific surface areas of 2.611 and 9.502 m2 g-1. The Ps and NiO-Ps have acidity values of 1.14 and 1.74 mmol g-1. The optimum desulfurization using NiO-Ps catalyst in the ODS-DBT was 79.40% obtained at a temperature, time, and H2O2 volume of 60 °C, 30 min, and 0.42 mL.
An Effective Synthesis of Phosphated Silica (PO4/SiO2) Catalyst and its Performance for Converting Ethanol into Diethyl Ether (DEE)
Authors: Mahmudah Rizqi , Saviola Aldino Javier , Sudiono Sri , Prasetyo Niko , Wijaya Karna
Published: November 2024

Research on phosphated silica (PO4/SiO2) as a heterogeneous acid catalyst in the dehydration reaction of ethanol into diethyl ether has been carried out. The PO4/SiO2 was prepared from TEOS by a wet impregnation method with various concentrations of H3PO4 (1, 2, 3, 4 M) and calcination temperatures (400, 500, and 600 °C) to obtain it with an optimum acidity. Afterward, the catalysts were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, SAA, and TG-DTA. Ethanol dehydration was run using a fixed-batch reactor with a flow of N2 gas, and GC determined the selectivity of diethyl ether. The PS-4-400 catalyst had the highest activity and selectivity in the ethanol dehydration to diethyl ether at a temperature of 225 °C, with a conversion of 58.00% and a DEE selectivity of 3.71%.
Mechanical and Structural Investigation of Zn-MnO2 Coating on Mildsteel
Authors: Derek Alima. O , Fayomi Ojo Sunday Isaac , Atiba Joshua O.
Published: November 2024

Failure in manufacturing industries is a worldwide concern and it occurs most often at elevated temperatures and pressure. Acid, gases, and steam are known to be corrosion and stress-induced propagators resulting in incessant catastrophes. More so, material failure can be due to the substrate material used in the coating while substrate failure can further be classified into the substrate morphology, surface chemistry as well as contamination. Thus, the study developed a multifaceted layer of zinc barrier coating via the electrodeposition technique and observe its response by characterizing the developed coating. The mild steel plate, Zn and MnO2 were procured and characterized according to the ASTM standard. Mild steel of dimension 60×30×2 mm was sectioned and polished using varying sizes of abrasives. The result of the coating thickness showed that Zn-6MnO2 had a weight gain of 0.30g. Zn-12MnO2 was observed to have excellent corrosion performance compared to the as-received and the other formulations of Zn-MnO2 with a corrosion resistance of 2.117 mm/year. The SEM image of Zn-MnO2 showed aggregates of clustered grains, thus, no possible fracture lines were observed on the coating surface. Zn-12MnO2 exhibited a hardness value of 252.72 BHN. Additionally, the EDS of the coatings revealed significant elements that helped in the corrosion performance and hardness properties of the coatings. Keywords: Electrodeposition, Corrosion, Zinc barrier coating, Hardness value, EDS analysis
Temperature Distribution in a Two-Scale Porous Structure of a Catalyst Made of Spherical Particles
Authors: Cheilytko Andrii , Brust David
Published: November 2024

The research deals with the determination of the temperature distribution in a two-stage porous catalytic medium when the heat flow passes through. The peculiarity of the proposed model of heat and mass transfer in a porous catalyst is to consider the change in the volume of the spherical particle that makes up the catalyst.A program for calculating the temperature distribution in a two-scale porous structure of a catalyst made of spherical particles that change in volume with time has been developed. It should be noted that the temperature gradient is rather high, and the temperature in the central region of the particle becomes high enough for the process of catalytic reaction initiation only after 3.25 s. The developed program together with analytical and empirical studies allow to find the range of temperature and time of heat treatment at which the given thermophysical characteristics of porous material will be observed.The work will be useful for engineers and scientists studying the problems of thermochemical reactors and heat transfer in catalytic fills.
Predictive Modeling and Adsorption Behavior, Kinetics, and Thermodynamic Studies of Anthocleista grandiflora Leaf Extract for Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel in Seawater
Authors: Okuma Silas Oseme , Ogagavwodia Ejovi Okuma , Ajokperiniovo Victor Ejiro , Obaseki Martins
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the corrosion inhibition performance of Anthocleista grandiflora leaf (AGL) extract on carbon steel in seawater, considering the effects of temperature, immersion time, and inhibitor concentration. Predictive modeling, adsorption behavior, and the kinetics and thermodynamics of the inhibition process were examined. The weight loss technique,characterization techniques combined with response surface methodology (RSM), revealed that the AGL extract follows the Langmuir adsorption model, exhibiting physical adsorption with ΔG values between −16.24 to −15.49kJ/mol, indicating spontaneous and endothermic inhibition. The thermodynamic parameters entropy (−198.87 to −52.58 J/mol), enthalpy (20.42 to 53.42 kJ/mol), and activation energy (13.68 to 56.32 kJ/mol further support this. The corrosion reaction follows first-order kinetics, with the half-life decreasing as the rate constant and extract concentration increase.The SEM images revealed that the AGL extract formed a protective surface layer on the mild steel, effectively preventing pitting. This protective effect became more pronounced as the concentration of the extract increased. RSM optimization identified optimal conditions for maximum inhibition efficiency (98.70%) and corrosion rate (0.058 mm/y) at 800 ppm, 303 K, and 45 days, with a prediction accuracy of 95%, making it suitable for application in the oil and gas industry.
Thickness and Doping Density Influence of a High-Voltage Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cell: A SCAPS 1-D Simulation Study
Authors: Guerra Vega Fernando Edsel , Juárez Héctor , Alvarado José Alberto , Bueno Carlos , Pérez-Cuapio Rene
Published: November 2024

Recently, all inorganic perovskite solar cells have triggered great attention thanks to the rising performance during their development in solid state photovoltaics showing enhanced characteristics, such as: good stability, high photoluminescence quantum yield, tunable size, and morphology. In this work, a high open-circuit voltage solar cell based on all-inorganic perovskite through SCAPS simulator program is presented by analysing electron transport layer (ETL), perovskite layer, hole transport layer (HTL) thickness and doping density from a FTO/TiO2/CsPbBr3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au structure were modified to observe its influence on solar cell performance. Therefore, simulation results show that a thicker ETL hinders carrier transport towards the FTO layer due to larger distance which leads to higher recombination rate, reducing carrier’s lifetime. Albeit high doping density values in ETL enhances the overall solar cell performance. As for the absorber layer, while its thickness increases, carrier collection rate decreases due to recombination impacting Voc, which results from thickness increase. Based on the results, solar cell efficiency improvement is attributed to the built-in electric field as absorber layer doping density increases. While HTL thickness has minimum impact on the solar cell output, doping density enhances device parameters significantly. Summarising the results obtained from thickness and doping density simulations, the optimal solar cell operation was obtained at 10 nm, 600 nm, and 100 nm layer thickness as well as 1020 cm-3, 1016 cm-3, and 1020 cm-3 doping density (TiO2, CsPbBr3 and Spiro-OMeTAD). Results from three different sources, collected from literature, were used to compare, and fitting them along with simulation results.
Factors Affecting Successful Completion of the Neonatal Hearing Screening Test (Otoacoustic Emission Test) in the First Attempt in Healthy Term Newborns Prior to Discharge from the Hospital
Authors: Aruppala Heshan , Ekanayaka Indu , Weerasekara Medha
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Hearing loss is one of the most prevalent congenital disorders in neonates. Infants with untreated hearing loss usually struggle greatly in terms of emotional, social, and verbal development. Early identification via neonatal hearing tests and preventive strategies have been advised in order to lessen the negative impacts of congenital hearing loss on the infant's life.Objectives: To assess the factors affecting the success of performing an otoacoustic emissions(OAE) test in stable term neonates.Methodology: A descriptive type of cross sectional study was carried out at Sri Jayewardenepura Hospital from 01/06/20222 to 01/09/2022. All healthy term neonates were included, and preterm and neonates associated with other medical conditions were excluded. Results: Out of 455 neonates, 422 (92.7%) were able to successfully complete the OAE test. 85.1% (n = 365) had a bedside sound level of 60dB-65 with a mean value of 61.62 dB at the time of OAE testing (p = 0.030). 134 (29.5%) neonates were breastfed (p = 0.281) and the majority of the newborns (n=367, 80.7%) were sleeping (p = 0.460) during the OAE test. Considering the factors affecting the successful outcome of the OAE testing, there is a statistically significant association with crying (p<0.001,OR(95% CI) = 0.026 (0.010- 0.068)), struggling (p = 0.003), OR (95% CI) = 0.194 (0.58 - 0.647), debris in the external ear (p<0.001) with OR (95% CI) = 0.019 (0.005 - 0.75), throat secretions (p <0.001), and OR (95% CI) of 0. 122 (0.034 - 0.442), external ear abnormalities (p = 0.005), and OR (95% CI) = 0.169(0.041 - 0.686).Conclusion: Crying, struggling, debris in the external ear, throat secretions, external ear abnormalities, and the sound level (dB) at the time of the test are the factors that are statistically significantly associated with the success of the OAE test. Thus, to achieve a successful OAE test, it is pivotal to keep the baby in a calm state with an optimal bedside sound level.
A comprehensive narrative review on psychotherapies for patients with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Kasaeiyan Rashya , Noor Isa Multazam , Burchi Elisabetta
Published: November 2024

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by challenges in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. Psychotherapeutic interventions must tailor to meet the specific needs of individuals with ASD, given their diverse presentation of symptoms and functioning levels. This narrative review explores the range of psychotherapies available for individuals with ASD, examining their methodologies, effectiveness, and suitability. By using targeted search terms such as “autism,” “autistic disorder,” “autism spectrum disorders,” “psychotherapy,” “psychological intervention,” and “psychosocial intervention,” an extensive review of publications in English from 2000 to 2024 was conducted. This review covered several databases, including Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. The review identified ten major psychological interventions for the treatment of individuals with ASD: behavioral therapies, developmental therapies, cognitive behavioral therapy, social skills training, speech-language therapy, occupational therapy, family therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, parent-mediated interventions, and dance movement psychotherapy. The main text elaborates on the effects of each intervention on various aspects of ASD. By providing this comprehensive overview, clinicians can select appropriate therapeutic strategies that cater to the individual profiles of those with ASD, ultimately enhancing therapeutic outcomes and quality of life for this population.
The impact of stroke support groups on stroke patients and their caregivers
Authors: Kingau Naomi W. , Rhoda Anthea , Louw Quinette A. , Nizeyimana Eugene
Published: November 2024

Background: Stroke survivors often face multifaceted challenges encompassing physical, psychological and social aspects of health during their recovery journey.Aim: To explore the impact of stroke support groups on stroke patients and their caregivers in Kenya.Setting: The study was conducted in eight Kenyan county referral facilities.Methods: The study applied a qualitative interpretive paradigm and collected data from semi-structured face-to-face interviews with eight stroke survivors and their caregivers. Thematic content analysis was employed to extract and analyse data.Results: The analysis of data revealed four key themes: (1) mental functioning, (2) environmental impact, (3) personal impact and (4) social participation. These themes were organised and related to the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF).Conclusion: Peer stroke support groups significantly enhanced the ICF component of mental functioning, environmental and personal, through emotional support, social connection, coping, learning, mobility, communication and domestic life of stroke survivors and caregivers. Participation promoted affirmation and acceptance, and reduced loneliness, which led to increased involvement in a range of activities. Moreover, stroke support groups played a vital role in empowerment, education and advocating for systemic change.Contribution: This study provides new information that improves understanding of the positive impact of stroke support groups in Kenya. It highlights the importance of integrating peer support into post-stroke rehabilitation programmes.
Les Psychoses Passionnelles: A Rare Case Report of Multiple Erotomanic Delusions in a Male
Authors: Vijayakumar Keerthika , Vishwajit G. V. , Jeyaprakash J. , Shanmugiah A.
Published: November 2024

Les psychoses passionnelles, or simply put, erotomanic delusions, is a rare, cryptic psychiatric entity with a wide range of presentations in history. Mostly seen in women, this condition has no known etiology and has a variable prognosis and response to treatment. We present a rare case of multiple erotomanic delusions in a man hailing from Southern India. He has lived with this condition for the past 5 years and has been nonresponsive to antipsychotics. The behavior of such patients can lead to the social embarrassment of friends and family. Serious cases in men also result in violence, although this is very rare. This necessitates the need to get to the core of this syndrome. More research is needed to understand the cause of this condition and find an effective treatment.
Psychological well-being and its influence on elderly life
Authors: Alagh Tanya , Chaturvedi Rinu
Published: November 2024

Background:

This study examines the influence of psychological well-being (PWB) on the quality of life (QOL) among elderly individuals, considering demographic factors such as gender and urban vs. rural residence.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 255 individuals aged 65–75 years from urban and rural areas of New Delhi, India. PWB was assessed using the Psychological Well-Being Scale, and QOL was measured using the WHOQOL-BREF. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and regression analysis.

Results:

A significant positive relationship was found between PWB and QOL, with PWB accounting for 14% of the variance in QOL (P < 0.001). Urban males showed the highest PWB and QOL scores, whereas rural females exhibited the lowest scores.

Conclusions:

PWB is an important predictor of QOL among older adults. Addressing demographic disparities in well-being is crucial for designing effective interventions tailored to diverse populations.
Behavioral and Functional Changes Due to Smartphone Overusage among Under-five Children in Rural Puducherry: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ravi Sheeba , Krishnamoorthy Kannan , Senthil Rajini , Dhasaram Premnath , Venkatesan Monisha , Iswarya R , Manjubairavi T.
Published: November 2024

Context:

Smartphones have revolutionized, and become an integral part of a child’s life. The child’s interaction with these modern devices needs to be assessed because it could have an enormous effect on their behavior, sleep habits, and psychological addiction.

Aims:

The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of exposure to smartphone, and the association between the exposure and behavioral, functional changes among under-five children in rural Puducherry.

Settings and Design:

This community-based cross-sectional study was done in the field practice area of a private medical college in Puducherry. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 340 eligible participants.

Subjects and Methods:

A semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess the pattern of exposure and physical, social, and behavioral changes among study participants.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The data were analyzed using SPSS software, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Among 340 children, more than half of participants 180 (52.9%) were female. Interestingly, around half of the study participants’ parents 181 (53.2%) accepted that their children were exposed to smartphone for entertainment purposes, and around one-tenth 35 (10.3%) of the participants viewed screen for more than the recommended screen time for age. Increased smartphone exposure was statistically associated with behavioral and functional changes.

Conclusions:

Measures must be undertaken to prevent deleterious behavioral and functional changes in under-five children due to excessive smartphone usage. Health education sessions and social behavioral change communication should be planned for the parents to protect the budding generation from the negative effects of smartphone usage.
Is It Primary Carcinoma or Lymphoma Breast: Re-emphasizing the Value of Tissue Diagnosis in a Challenging Case Presenting With Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Authors: Walia Gurpreet Kaur , Dwivedi Surjeet , Datta Arijit , Akal Ramanjit Singh
Published: November 2024

Primary lymphoma of the breast is an uncommon entity with a prevalence of 1%–2% of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Most of them are B-cell type (50% of all malignant breast lymphomas). We present the case of a 53-year-old female, who reported with 20 cm × 15 cm gradually progressive lump in the right breast for 2 months, involving the entire right breast. Positron emission tomography scan confirmed a metabolically active mass lesion in the right breast. Trucut biopsy of the lump revealed an infiltrating tumor arranged in diffuse sheets. Tumor cells were large with scant cytoplasm, high N:C ratio, and hyperchromatic nuclei. Immunohistochemistry showed CD20, bcl2, bcl6, and CD10 positive in tumor cells, whereas CD3 and MUM1 were negative. A final opinion of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-germinal center type was given. The patient was managed with six cycles of chemotherapy with R-CHOP, every 3 weeks. She was followed up for a period of 1 year and remained asymptomatic.
Extraocular Sebaceous Carcinoma in the Lower Back: Rare Presentation of a Great Masquerader
Authors: Walia Gurpreet Kaur , Nagavalli Sai , Akal Ramanjit Singh , Dwivedi Surjeet
Published: November 2024

Malignant adnexal tumors of the skin are rare. Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is an aggressive malignant tumor of the sebaceous glands. It is traditionally classified into periocular and extraocular types. We present a rare case of extraocular SC of a 38-year-old female who presented with nontender swelling over the right flank for 1 year. Clinically, it was diagnosed with a sebaceous cyst. The tumor was excised and sent for histopathological examination. Sections showed sheets and lobules of tumor cells separated by fibrovascular stroma. Individual tumor cells were atypical basaloid to clear cells with prominent pleomorphism. Mitosis was brisk with areas of necrosis. On immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells were focally positive for epithelial membrane antigen and negative for S100 and PAX8 with a high Ki-67 index of 80%. Her postoperative period and follow-up for 1 year have been uneventful. This case is being reported for its rarity.
Comparison of Accuracy between Mannheim Peritonitis Index and Jabalpur Score in Predicting the Mortality in Perforative Peritonitis Patients Presenting for Emergency Surgery at a Tertiary Care Setup of Eastern India
Authors: RaiChoudhuri Debarati , Mukherjee Arijit , Haldar Dibakar , Bose Bodhisattva
Published: November 2024

Background and Objective:

Peritonitis following hollow viscus perforation is commonly encountered in surgical emergency, which needs prompt and aggressive management. Unlike foreign nations, no score is routinely used in most tertiary medical colleges of India for prognostication of these patients preoperatively, leading to delay in adequate management and poor outcome. The aim of this research is to compare the accuracy of Mannheim peritonitis index (MPI) and Jabalpur score in prediction of mortality of patients presenting with perforative peritonitis.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty-one patients presenting with perforative peritonitis between November 2022 and April 2024 were scored using the two scoring systems and patients followed up over 30 days. Mortality based on scores of the scoring systems was analyzed.

Results:

Both scores had a significant P value, suggesting that both are efficient scoring systems. Receiver operating characteristic curves for both scores were plotted, and the area under the curve was calculated. Chi-square test showed no significant difference between the two scoring systems.

Conclusion:

Jabalpur score and MPI are both efficient scoring systems. Utilization of either of the scoring systems depends on the availability of resources in the health-care setup.
Degree of Adherence to Existing Dietary and Lifestyle Guidelines among Secondary and High Schoolchildren
Authors: Abdulah Deldar Morad , Abdulmajeed Ayoub Abid
Published: November 2024

Background:

Poor dietary patterns pose a significant health challenge for children, hindering their ideal growth and development.

Objective:

We explored the adherence of secondary and high schoolchildren to healthy dietary guidelines in the Kurdistan Region.

Subjects and Methods:

We included a random sample of 554 students (13–18 years) from the available high schools in Duhok City in 2022.

Results:

Generally, students had a low level of healthy diet, which was not significantly influenced by sociodemographic and diet-related characteristics. A notable number of students skipped breakfast (32.31%). A majority of students consumed fruits 1–6 times/day (40.97%), whereas their vegetable intake was predominantly <1 serving/day (39.71%) or 1–2 servings/day (31.41%). The consumption of fish and seafood was relatively low among the students, with only 1–2 servings/week (36.28%). The students had a high rate of consuming sweets and soft drinks, with 1–2 servings/week being prevalent (25.99% for sweets and 36.10% for soft drinks). Media watching duration was notably high, with 1–2 h/day (23.10%) and over 4 h/day (35.38%). Only 19.86% of the students engaged in mild-to-moderate physical activity. The consumption of dairy products, both milk and dairy alternatives, was at 1–2 servings/day, with more than half opting for low- or no-fat options (25.09%). A considerable percentage of students consumed meat and meat products at varying frequencies. Close to half of the students consumed 3–7 servings of total grains/day and >50 whole grains.

Conclusions:

Schoolchildren have a low adherence to healthy dietary guidelines in Kurdistan Region.
Comparative evaluation of microleakage in Class II cavities restored with snowplow technique using flowable or preheated packable bulk-fill composite resin as gingival increment by dye extraction method: An in vitro study
Authors: Ranjini M. A. , Geetha V. , Vedavathi B. , Ashok H. K. , Airsang Akshata J. , Swathi S.
Published: November 2024

Context:

One of the undesirable characteristics of dental composite resin is the polymerization shrinkage and the associated microleakage. The snowplow technique of placement and the preheating of the composite resins are methods to minimize microleakage.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate microleakage in Class II cavities restored with snowplow technique using either preheated packable or flowable bulk-fill composite resin.

Methodology:

Fifty sound first molars were selected. Class II mesio-occlusal box preparations were made. The test specimens were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1: Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill co-cured in snowplow technique. Group 2: Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill preheated to 60°C and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill co-cured in snowplow technique. Restored teeth were processed for dye extraction.

Statistical Analysis:

Mann–Whitney U-test was applied to compare the microleakage between the groups.

Results:

Results indicate that specimens in Group 2 showed lower microleakage (median 0.041750) when compared to specimens in Group 1 (median 0.059400).

Conclusion:

The results imply that the preheated packable bulk-fill composite resin showed less microleakage as compared to flowable composite while restoring Class II cavities by the snowplow technique.
Digitalized alarming sensor attached to the dental operating stool in prevention and progression of musculoskeletal disorder: A clinico-biochemical study
Authors: Deosarkar Bharat Anantrao , Nikhade Pradnya Prashant , Chandak Manoj , Niras Soniya , Basatwar Harshal Vinod , Shah Yashkumar Rajendra
Published: November 2024

Background:

The efficiency and productivity of dentists are affected due to musculoskeletal disorders. Efforts should be made to monitor and reduce these disorders so that proper relation is maintained between body and work.

Aims and Objectives:

This research evaluates and compares the level of creatine kinase (CK) in operators working in ergonomically correct posture and incorrect posture using a newly developed digitalized alarm sensor attached to a dental operating stool.

Materials and Methods:

A digitalized alarming sensor was attached to half of the operating stools. Blood samples of the operators were checked for CK levels before working on patients and within 13–24 h after the operators have completed their work on patients.

Results:

The P value was found to be highly significant in operators without digitalized alarming sensors within 13–24 h after completing their work on patients. There was no significant difference in CK levels before patient interaction between the two groups; the presence of the alarm device had a notable impact on CK levels within 13–24 h after work.

Conclusion:

The group without the alarm device displayed significantly higher CK levels during this postwork timeframe, suggesting a potential association between the absence of the alarm device and increased CK levels among dental professionals.
A Diagnostic Study Using STARD Platform on Liquid-Based Cytology in Cervical Smear and Its Positivity Rate among Females with Abnormal Vaginal Conditions Attending a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Afzal Mohd , Sharma Abhishek , Tiwari Vikas , Tiwari Jaishree Karnwal
Published: November 2024

Background:

Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is a newer method of preparing cervical cell samples. This technique involves collecting cells in a liquid fixative and preparing and evaluating them.

Aim:

This study aims to investigate cervical smears prepared using the Ezi-Prep LBC method and analyze the positivity rate for cervical cancer and assess the diagnostic accuracy of LBC in detecting cervical abnormalities among females with abnormal vaginal conditions attending a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods:

The present diagnostic study was performed in a tertiary care hospital over a period of 1 year (April 1, 2021–November 30, 2021). A total of 230 women, aged 21–70 years, presented at the gynecology outpatient department for either routine cervical screening or with complaints of vaginal bleeding, discharge, or pelvic pain. Cervical smears were prepared using the Ezi-Prep method and stained with ULTRA-PAP stain.

Results:

LBC smears are monolayer smears and are without nuclear overlapping with spread over a diameter of 16 mm. Minimum cellular overlapping and crowding were observed in LBC smears. The mean age of the participants was 35.5 ± 5.1 years. The smears were studied by using nine morphological parameters.

Conclusion:

The majority of the smears were inflammatory smears. A total of 16 cases and three cases were found to be bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis, respectively. In an 8-month study, HSIL was found in two cases, whereas LSIL was found in only one case. The positivity rate was observed to be 0.9% in HSIL cases and 0.4% in LSIL cases, 0.9% ASC-US case, and 0.4% invasive carcinoma case.
Diagnostic Utility of Squash Smear Cytology in Chordoma: A Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Singh Anshima , Rao Ram Nawal
Published: November 2024

Background and Aims:

Chordomas are rare notochordal tumors. They are suitable candidates for squash smear cytology (SSC) owing to their gelatinous consistency and destructive nature. SSC is an important tool for making a quick intra-operative preliminary diagnosis and taking real-time surgical and further management decisions. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of SSC for chordoma cases.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study conducted in a North Indian tertiary care center enrolled chordoma cases histopathologically diagnosed between 01.01.2013 and 31.07.2023, for which SSC was also performed. SSC smears and their corresponding histopathology slides (±immunohistochemistry [IHC] slides) were retrieved. Histo-cytological correlation was performed.

Results:

In total, 13 such cases were retrieved. The mean age was 34.4 + 5.6 years. The male–female ratio was 1:1.6. The most common location was the spheno-occipital region (10 cases), followed by sacro-coccygeal (two cases) and vertebral regions (1 case). The SSC was positive for chordoma in 10/13 cases. Thus, the calculated accuracy of SSC in chordoma diagnosis was 76.9%. A total of 3/13 (23.1%) cases where SSC was inconclusive for chordoma were difficult to diagnose cases, requiring IHC for ultimate diagnosis. Cytological features such as abundant myxoid matrix and physaliphorous cells help in correct diagnosis of chordoma on SSC.

Conclusions:

We found the diagnostic accuracy of SSC in chordoma diagnosis to be 76.9%. Features such as abundant myxoid matrix and physaliphorous cells are helpful in correct diagnosis on SSC. Thus, even though chordomas are rare, one should consider them among the differential diagnoses in cases presenting with appropriate clinico-radiological features and characteristic cytological findings.
Anesthetic Concerns in a Child Presenting with Large Cervical Chordoma—A Case Report
Authors: Ramakumar Nirupa , Shekhar Shivam , Chandran Pooja , Bharti Bharkha
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Chordomas are rare, low-grade, and slow-growing malignant tumors with an incidence rate of 0.08 in 1,00,000 people. Spinal chordomas can cause back pain, pathological fractures, and myelopathy or radiculopathy due to spinal cord and nerve root compression. Treating these tumors can be challenging owing to their proximity to vital structures and high recurrence rates. We report the anesthesia management of a 10-year-old boy with cervical chordoma and unanticipated difficult airway posted for laminectomy and tumor excision.
Blastomycosis: A Rare Cause of Pleural Effusion, Diagnosed on Cytology
Authors: Ambekar Mayur , Buch Archana C. , Londhe Mangesh
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Among fungal infections, fungal empyema (FE) is rare and has significant mortality. Microscopic examination of the pleural fluid plays an essential role in its diagnosis. Since pleural fluid can be obtained easily as a bedside procedure, yielding significant diagnostic material, other invasive and expensive procedures can be avoided. The fungal elements identified in FE on microscopy can be yeasts, filamentous fungi, and dimorphic fungi. The morphology of spherical, thick-walled yeast cells showing broad-based budding is commonly seen in blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis. Though microbiological tests remain the gold standard, pleural fluid cytology with various special stains can be used as a rapid, reliable test for diagnosis. This has the advantages of prompt diagnosis, minimum expertise, and cost-effectiveness. We present a case of a 75-year-old male who presented with bilateral pleural effusion, the cytology of which revealed blastomycosis.
Exploring the Educational Transformations: A Systematic Literature Review on the Influence of the Internet of Things in Higher Education
Authors: Paliktzoglou Vasileios , Vlachopoulou Olympia
Published: November 2024

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things innovations stimulates higher educational institutions to invest in and adopt these technologies to support and enhance their learning and teaching strategies. This study aims to investigate the influence of the Internet of Things on teaching and learning in higher education, performing a systematic literature review. Therefore, this research focuses on the following research questions: R-Q1: What are the benefits of the Internet of Things for teaching and learning in higher education? R-Q2: What are the limitations of the Internet of Things for teaching and learning in higher education? The systematic literature review, including the search strategy, the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the review of the titles, keywords, and abstracts, identified a total of 31 results, mainly journal and conference articles. The findings from the extracted articles in this review were grouped into eleven themes: adoption, personalized learning, learning efficiency, intelligent teaching, collaboration and connectivity, creativity, health and safety monitoring, latency time, security and privacy, quality and ethics, and financing issues. The findings suggest that the Internet of Things can enhance the learning quality, improve the gained knowledge, and reduce costs in higher education. Therefore, adopting a consistent Internet of Things implementation strategy is essential to address identified limitations in higher education.
GTBTL-IoT: An Approach of Curtailing Task Offloading Time for Improved Responsiveness in IoT-MEC Model
Authors: Siddiqui Eram Fatima , Ahmed Tasneem
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: The Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed daily life by interconnecting digital devices via integrated sensors, software, and connectivity. Although IoT devices excel at real-time data collection and decision-making, their performance on complex tasks is hindered by limited power, resources, and time. To address this, IoT is often combined with cloud computing (CC) to meet time-sensitive demands. However, the distance between IoT devices and cloud servers can result in latency issues.
OBJECTIVES: To mitigate latency challenges, Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) is integrated with IoT. MEC offers cloud-like services through servers located near network edges and IoT devices, enhancing device responsiveness by reducing transmission and processing latency. This study aims to develop a solution to optimize task offloading in IoT-MEC environments, addressing challenges like latency, uneven workloads, and network congestion.
METHODS: This research introduces the Game Theory-Based Task Latency (GTBTL-IoT) algorithm, a two-way task offloading approach employing Game Matching Theory and Data Partitioning Theory. Initially, the algorithm matches IoT devices with the nearest MEC server using game-matching theory. Subsequently, it splits the entire task into two halves and allocates them to both local and MEC servers for parallel computation, optimizing resource usage and workload balance.
RESULTS: GTBTL-IoT outperforms existing algorithms, such as the Delay-Aware Online Workload Allocation (DAOWA) Algorithm, Fuzzy Algorithm (FA), and Dynamic Task Scheduling (DTS), by an average of 143.75 ms with a 5.5 s system deadline. Additionally, it significantly reduces task transmission, computation latency, and overall job offloading time by 59%. Evaluated in an ENIGMA-based simulation environment, GTBTL-IoT demonstrates its ability to compute requests in real-time with optimal resource usage, ensuring efficient and balanced task execution in the IoT-MEC paradigm.
CONCLUSION: The Game Theory-Based Task Latency (GTBTL-IoT) algorithm presents a novel approach to optimize task offloading in IoT-MEC environments. By leveraging Game Matching Theory and Data Partitioning Theory, GTBTL-IoT effectively reduces latency, balances workloads, and optimizes resource usage. The algorithm's superior performance compared to existing methods underscores its potential to enhance the responsiveness and efficiency of IoT devices in real-world applications, ensuring seamless task execution in IoT-MEC systems.
Topological expansion of unitary integrals and maps
Authors: Buc-d’Alché Thomas
Published: November 2024

We study integrals on the unitary group with respect to the Haar measure. We give a combinatorial interpretation in terms of maps of the asymptotic topological expansion, established previously by Guionnet and Novak. The maps we introduce—the maps of unitary type—satisfy Tutte-like equations. It allows us to show that in the perturbative regime, they describe the different orders of the asymptotic topological expansion. Furthermore, they generalize the monotone Hurwitz numbers.
Implementation of Integrated STEM Learning in Educational Robotics towards 21st Century Skills: A Systematic Review
Authors: Arafat Muhammad Husein , Budiyanto Cucuk Wawan , Yuana Rosihan Ari , Fenyvesi Kristóf
Published: November 2024

Science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) has become a frequently discussed topic in education in recent years. This study aims to categorize research findings related to Educational Robotics through Integrated STEM Learning towards 21st century skills in 2019-2024. In its review, this study used PRISMA systematic review. Paper searches were conducted on Scopus, ScienceDirect, and DOAJ databases on December 2023-January 2024. A total of 30 articles to review. The review in this study made it possible to categorize the Implementation of Integrated STEM in the form of Educational Robotics towards the development of 21st century skills in two categories. The first category was based on the improvement of students' abilities, the learning and teaching process, and the relationship with 21st century skills. The second category was based on the evaluation of STEM integrated with Educational Robotics to support 21st century skills. The results from the first category had a strong influence in improving students' abilities, the learning and teaching process, and the relationship with 21st century skills. From the second, it was determined that there is a need for the development of methods in learning educational robotics and it is important to support 21st century skills.