bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Update of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): An Essential Brief for Clinicians
Authors: Zare Afshin , Sadati-Seyyed-Mahalle Seyyede Fateme , Mokhtari Amirhossein , Pakdel Nima , Hamidi Zeinab , Almasi-Turk Sahar , Baghban Neda , Khoradmehr Arezoo , Nabipour Iraj , Behzadi Mohammad Amin , Tamadon Amin
Published: February 2021

During 2019, the number of patients suffering from cough, fever and reduction of WBC’s count increased. At the beginning, this mysterious illness was called “fever with unknown origin”. At the present time, the cause of this pneumonia is known as the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) or the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The SARS-CoV-2 is one member of great family of coronaviruses. Coronaviruses can cause different kind of illnesses including respiratory, enteric, hepatic, and neurological diseases in animals like cat and bat. Coronaviruses are enveloped positive-stranded RNA viruses. The SARS-CoV-2 has some particular structures for binding to host cells, reproducing itself in cells and damaging human cells. The SARS-CoV-2 can bind angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE‐2) receptors and cause various difficulties for human. The SARS-CoV-2 can cause either not-serious issues like fever and cough or serious concerns such as multi-organ failure. Source(s) of SARS-CoV-2 is under debate. Malayan pangolin and bat are the most suspicious candidate for being sources of the SARS-CoV-2. The SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted by various ways such as transmitting from infected human to healthy human and can make severe pneumonia, which can lead to death. The SARS-CoV-2 can infect different kind of people with different ages, races, and social and economic levels. The SARS‐CoV‐2 infection can cause various sorts of clinical manifestations like cough and fever and intensity of signs and symptoms depends on sufferer conditions. Clinicians use all of available documents and tests like laboratory, histopathological and radiological findings for diagnosing new cases and curing patients with high accuracy. At the present time, there is no particular way for treating SARS-CoV-2 infection; neither antiviral drugs nor palliative agents. It seems that the best way for standing against the SARS-CoV-2 infection is preventing from it by social distancing and vaccination. This review tries to prepare an essential brief update about SARS-CoV-2 infection for clinicians.
PROTOTIPE PENSORTIR PAKET BERDASARKAN BERAT, VOLUME DAN WILAYAH TUJUAN PADA JASA PENGIRIMAN BERBASIS RFID RC522, ARDUINO MEGA 2560 DAN VISUAL BASIC 2012
Authors: Kristanto Hebran Calvin , Bintaro Jusuf , Yuliatmjo Pitoyo
Published: February 2021

Prototipe penyortir paket terdiri dari 3 subsistem utama, yaitu subsitem input yang terdiri dari tombol ON/OFF, tombol Reset, sensor infrared, sensor ultrasonic, sensor loadcell dan RFID, subsistem proses menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino Mega 2560 sebagai kontrol utama alat, dan subsistem output yang terdiri dari motor DC konveyor, motor DC pendorong, buzzer dan display pada perangkat komputer. Prototipe ini telah berhasil dibuat dan diuji untuk menyortir paket berdasarkan berat dan ukuran volume dengan baik. Prototipe ini juga dikendalikan oleh komputer, serta dapat melakukan pembayaran otomatis menggunakan kartu RFID.
RANCANG BANGUN SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER MENGGUNAKAN SYNCRONOUS NON-INVERTING BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER PADA PANEL SURYA 50 WATT PEAK (WP) BERBASIS ARDUINO NANO V3.0
Authors: Mahrubi Irfan , Bintoro Jusuf , Djatmiko Wisnu
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang bangun rangkaian synchronous non-inverting buck-boost converter (SNIBBC) untuk solar charge controller guna melakukan manajemen pengisian baterai dan manajemen beban dengan menggunakan Arduino Nano V3.0 ATMega 328. Rancang bangun rangkaian synchronous non-inverting buck-boost converter (SNIBBC) menggunakan empat mosfet yang bekerja secara saling singkron dengan dikontrol oleh pulsa PWM dari Timer1 arduino nano V3.0 ATMega 328 dengan frekuensi 10KHz menggunakan ic driver mosfet IR2104. Proses pengisian baterai oleh solar charge controller menggunakan tiga tahap pengisian yaitu bulk charge, absorption charge, dan float charge. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa rangkaian SNIBBC dapat mengisi baterai lead-acid 12V 5Ah dengan tegangan berusaha dijaga mendekati 15V dengan rata-rata tegangan kelaran 14.97V. Pengujian solar charge controller dengan rangkaian inti SNIBBC dan dengan tiga tahap pengisian telah dapat mengisi baterai lead-acid 12V 5Ah dalam waktu 8 jam. Baterai yang digunakan dapat bertahan dengan dibebankan oleh beban inverter dan lampu ac LED 5watt dengan total daya yang diserap beban dan inverter 9.36watt selama 6 jam penggunaan. Solar charge controller yang telah dibuat dapat mengontrol penyambungan dan pemutusan hubungan antara baterai dengan beban berupa inverter dan beban ac dengan bantuan rangkaian saklar elektronik dengan relay.
PENGEMBANGAN ANTENA ARRAY DENGAN STRUKTUR MEBG UNTUK MENGURANGI EFEK MUTUAL COUPLING
Authors: Kurnia Raka , Efri Sandi  , Wisnu Djatmiko
Published: February 2021

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi efek mutual coupling dari antena array dengan tiga elemen. Peneliti menggunakan tambahan struktur MEBG dengan sampel frekuensi S-band 3 GHz. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboraturium Telekomunikasi Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Jakarta pada bulan September 2017 – September 2018. Pengujian terhadap antena mikrostrip dengan tambahan struktur MEBG dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu saat simulasi dan setelah fabrikasi. Terdapat dua antena pada setiap tahapannya yaitu array tanpa penambahan MEBG dan antena array dengan MEBG. Kedua antena dibandingkan sebagai usaha untuk mengukur efektifitas antena. Simulasi menggunakan bantuan software CST Microwave Studio Suite 2014 &2016 dan antena yang telah difabrikasi diukur dengan bantuan Network Analyzer merk Anritsu S223E. Penambahan struktur MEBG ini berhasil mengurangi nilai mutual coupling sebesar 0,51 dB, dan juga mempengaruhi efek mutual coupling yang berimbas pada naiknya impedansi input sebesar 1,09 Ω. Selain itu dengan struktur MEBG dapat menaikan performansi antena diantaranya berhasil menurunkan nilai return loss, dan membuat antena semakin matching.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM MITIGASI BENCANA LONGSOR MENGGUNAKAN ACCELEROMETER ADXL345 BERBASIS WEB LOCALHOST
Authors: Apriyansa Ari , Jusuf  Bintoro  , Efri Sandi
Published: February 2021

Sistem mitigasi bencana tanah longsor menggunakan sensor accelerometer ADXL 345 berbasis web localhost dan SMS Gateway yang dirancang dalam sebuah prototipe. Pengembangan sistem mitigasi bencana tanah longsor ini dibagi kedalam 3 bagian yaitu bagian input berupa sensor accelerometer yang difungsikan untuk mendeteksi pergerakan tanah rawan longsor. Arduino Mega 2560 sebagai bagian proses dan tampilan pada web localhost serta pesan singkat yang diterima dari perangkat SMS Gateway sebagai bagian dari output. Metode yang digunakan adalah research and development yang dibagi menjadi beberapa tahap yaitu tahap identifikasi masalah, pengumpulan data, mendesain prototipe, uji coba prototipe, dan produksi. Sistem mitigasi bencana ini dapat mendeteksi pergerakan tanah yang terjadi dilapangan, dapat dimonitoring melalui layar komputer karena dilengkapi dengan webcam serta dapat mengirimkan pesan singkat ke perangkat mobile jika terjadi bencana tanah longsor.
SISTEM PEMANTAU LOKASI BURUNG MERPATI BALAP BERBASIS IoT (INTERNET of THINGS)
Authors: Ramadhan Bagaskara , Bintoro Jusuf , Yusro Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang dan membuatsistem pemantau pada burung merpati balap berbasis IoT sehingga dapatmelihat keberadaan lokasi burung merpati balap dan meminimalisir faktorkehilangan burung merpati balap. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metoderekayasa teknik yang meliputi ,perancangan sistem, identifikasi subsistem,perancangan perangka keras, perancangan perangkat lunak, pengujianperangkat keras dan perangkat lunak, dan analisis pengujian. Hasil daripenelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat pemantau lokasi pada burung merpatibalap yang dapat memeberi informasi lokasi burung merpati balapdidapatkan rata-rata hasil selisih jarak erorr sekitar 2,853 meter denganrata-rata waktu pengiriman pemberitahuan lokasi burung merpati balapselama 10 detik.
ANALISIS MODEL L-DIVERSITY DENGAN ALGORITMA SYSTEMATIC CLUSTERING DAN DATAFLY
Authors: Shafa Sya’airillah  , Widodo  , Bambang Prasetya Adhi
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh teknik anonimitas data yang terdapat pada Privacy Preserving Data Publishing. Sehingga data yang ingin dipublikasikan bersifat anonim, tanpa mengungkap informasi yang sebenarnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah rekayasa teknik dengan cara menghitung nilai information loss yang dihasilkan pada masing-masing algoritma, kemudian membandingkannya. Model yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah l-Diversity. Algoritma yang digunakan adalah algoritma Systematic Clustering dan algoritma Datafly. Data yang digunakan adalah dataset ‘Adult’ yang diunduh dari repositori UCI Machine Learning. Sampel yang digunakan dari dataset ‘Adult’ ini adalah sebanyak 2000 tuple. Nilai information loss tertinggi yang dihasilkan algoritma Systematic Clustering adalah 475673.19, sedangkan nilai information loss tertinggi dari algoritma Datafly adalah 46298.00. Kemudian, untuk nilai information loss terendah yang dihasilkan algoritma Systematic Clustering adalah 22364.79, sedangkan nilai information loss terendah dari algoritma Datafly adalah 36659.00. Algoritma dengan tingkat information loss paling kecil dianggap sebagai algoritma yang paling baik dalam membangun model l-Diversity di antara kedua algoritma yang diuji. Hasil pengujian menyatakan bahwa algoritma Systematic Clustering adalah algoritma yang paling baik dalam membangun model l-Diversity di antara algoritma Systematic Clustering dan Datafly.
DESAIN DAN IMPLEMENTASI INTERNET PROTOCOL VERSION 6 (IPv6) DI KELAS UNIT PELAYANAN TEKNIS TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI (UPT TIK) UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
Authors: Ardiansyah  , M. Ficky Duskarnaen  , Hamidillah Ajie
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah terciptanya migrasi IPv6 dalam skala kecil yang akan diterapkan pada kelas A Unit Pelayanan Teknis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi yang akan dapat digunakan dengan baik dan optimal. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu: identifikasi masalah dan pengumpulan data, desain dan implementasi pada IPv6. Pada penerapan IPv6 tidak dapat dilakukan dalam yang singkat karena jaringan IPv4 masih mendominasi dan idenya adalah penerapan IPv6 tanpa merusak infrastruktur yang ada sebelumnya pada IPv4. Oleh karena itu, Unit Pelayanan Teknis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi bertujuan untuk bermigrasi dari IPv4 ke IPv6 dengan Metode Rekaya Teknik.Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan teknik dual stack dengan pembanding native IPv4 dan IPv6. Mekanisme transisi gunakan untuk menghubungkan site IPv6 yang terpisah oleh jaringan IPv4 sehingga bisa terkoneksi dengan IPv6 lainnya.Sebelum menerapkan desain dan implementasi pada kelas A, IPv4 dan IPv6 juga diuji ketahanan jaringannya setelah di upload sebanyak 5 kali pada web local media streaming server yang sudah dibangun dengan menggunakan sistem operasi Debian Linux 7.8.0 Analisis penelitian menunjukkan pada bagian transfer rate, Wireshark bertugas untuk melihat semua kinerja-kinerja yang ada pada IPv4 dan IPv6, dengan jenis-jenis file seperti (MP4, MP3 dan JPG) dan ukuran yang berbeda-beda. Berhasilnya menggunakan Dual stack yaitu menggunakan dua jaringan yang berbeda IPv4 dan IPv6 dalam satu interface dalam router agar dapat berjalan dalam waktu yang sama. pada Kelas A Unit Pelayanan Teknis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi. Walaupun dari segi pengambilan data transfer rate IPv4 masih bekerja dengan baik saat ini, akan tetapi tahun yang akan datang IPv6 ini akan banyak yang menerapkannya pada kalangan Universitas dan Institusi lainnya dengan kelebihan-kelebihan yang dimiliki IPv6 ini.
Early Catastrophic Failure of Cervical Disc Arthroplasty
Authors: Lovecchio Francis , McCarthy Michael , Vaishnav Avani S. , York Philip , Qureshi Sheeraz A
Published: February 2021

Case:

A 47-year-old healthy man underwent cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) for a C6 radiculopathy. Two-week radiographs showed a well-positioned implant. At the 6-week postoperative visit, the inferior portion of the implant had displaced ventrally, with C6 anterior vertebral body collapse. The next day, the implant was removed and converted to a C5/6 anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Bone biopsy was unremarkable.

Conclusions:

This is the first reported case of early catastrophic failure of a well-positioned CDA in a healthy patient with good bone quality. Possible contributing mechanisms include hypermobility and anterior bone loss, factors previously associated with CDA.
Pisma Ivane Brlić-Mažuranić Milanu Ševiću
Authors: Hadžić Zorica , Milanović Željko
Published: February 2021

Rad donosi dosad neobjavljena pisma Ivane Brlić-Mažuranić upućena Milanu Ševiću 1909. i 1924. godine. Iz pisama se vidi da je Milan Šević tražio od Ivane Brlić-Mažuranić pisma Jovana Jovanovića Zmaja, biografske podatke o njoj kao i da je želio objaviti ćirilično izdanje Priča iz davnine ili nekoga drugoga djela. Ševićeva namjera da se dječja književnost formira i osamostali (sam Šević koristi izraz „diferencijacija“) dobila je potvrdu u stvaralaštvu Ivane Brlić-Mažuranić. Pisma Ivane Brlić-Mažuranić ponavljaju činjenične detalje ranije zabilježene u autobiografiji i donose jednak odnos prema pjesničkoj zbirci Slike (1912.). Ponovno ustrajanje na posebnom statusu pjesničke zbirke otvara mogućnost uočavanja namjera Ivane Brlić-Mažuranić da se u književnom polju pozicionira i izvan dječje književnosti, odnosno da se diferencira od nje, o čem mogu posvjedočiti brojna mjesta iz Autobiografije na kojima se govori o poeziji, ali i ustrajanje Želimira Mažuranića u pismu Milanu Ševiću na tom da Priče iz davnine nikako nisu knjiga za djecu iako ju i djeca mogu čitati zato što ima odgojnu vrijednost.
INCORPORATING INFORMATION ON VARYING SEDIMENTATION RATES INTO PALEONTOLOGICAL ANALYSES
Authors: HOHMANN NIKLAS
Published: February 2021

Stratigraphic changes in the clustering of first or last taxon occurrences are a joint expression of evolutionary, ecological, taphonomic, and sedimentological processes. Sedimentation rates control the degree of sedimentary dilution and condensation and thus alter the time contained in a given thickness of sediment. However, it remains poorly explored quantitatively how distinct the stratigraphic patterns in the first and last occurrences can be under different deposition models with a constant thickness of accumulated sediment. Here, I present an algorithm that translates ecological or evolutionary signals between time and stratigraphic height. It is implemented for R Software as the package DAIME and complemented by tools to quantify the uncertainties associated with the construction of deposition models. By modeling the stratigraphic expression of the K/Pg extinction and an earlier extinction pulse potentially linked to Deccan volcanism on Seymour Island under varying sedimentation rates, I show that (1) clustering of last occurrences ∼ 250 kyr prior to the K/Pg boundary can be equally explained by a stronger earlier extinction pulse or prolonged intervals with reduced sediment accumulation rate, but (2) when the temporal variability in sedimentation rate is known, the most plausible extinction dynamics can still be identified. The approach is applicable for any type of information transported as a part of the sedimentary record (e.g., fossils or trace elements) or data derived from it (e.g., isotope ratios and rates of morphological evolution).
Análisis temporal de la prueba de 50 metros rescate con material. estudio comparativo entre aro salvavidas, boya torpedo y tubo de rescate
Authors: Álvarez Santamarta Rubén , Manuel Díez Herrero José , Molinero González Olga , Salguero del Valle Alfonso
Published: February 2021

Antecedentes: Los socorristas acuáticos están obligados a utilizar diferentes materiales de salvamento, sin embargo, existe una carencia de estudios de tipo cuantitativo que señalen las ventajas e inconvenientes de la utilización de cada uno de ellos.

Objetivos: Determinar, a través de un estudio cinemático cuantitativo, cuales son las ventajas e inconvenientes de tres tipos diferentes de materiales de rescate en un simulacro de rescate en una instalación acuática.

Método: 19 socorristas realizaron la prueba de 50 m rescate con material. La prueba se realizó en tres ocasiones, cada una con un material de rescate diferente (aro, boya y tubo). Se analizaron diferentes variables temporales y angulares. Posteriormente se llevó a cabo un análisis descriptivo, comparativo y correlacional utilizando el paquete estadístico SPSS 26.0.

Resultados: No se obtuvieron diferencias significativas respecto al tiempo total de la prueba (TT) entre la boya, el aro y el tubo. La angulación de arrastre (ANGARR) más favorable se obtuvo con el tubo; sin embargo, fue el aro el material que presentó un mejor ángulo de nado (ANGNA), y un mejor porcentaje de acierto de colocación.

Conclusiones: No se han observado diferencias significativas en el TT entre los materiales, por lo que se considera que todos ellos pueden ser adecuados para la realización de un rescate con características similares a las de la prueba utilizada. Sin embargo, la información aportada podrá ayudarnos a analizar, en función de las circunstancias, que material sería el más recomendable en cada caso en una situación real de emergencia.
Efectos del entrenamiento de balance sobre las características cinemáticas de la batida de crol en nadadores juveniles
Authors: Benavides-Roca Luis , Maureira-Pareja Hernán
Published: February 2021

Antecedentes: En la natación la técnica de batida crol tiene un efecto propulsivo y estabilizador del desplazamiento del nadador

Objetivos: Por tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento de balance sobre las características cinemáticas de batida en los nadadores juveniles.

Método: La metodología utilizada es cuasi-experimental, donde se trabajó con 15 sujetos (8=grupo A y 7=grupo B), con una edad promedio de 12,6 años, un peso de 44,6±3,9 kg y una estatura de 154±3,8 cm.

Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que el entrenamiento de balance disminuye las velocidades y distancias del movimiento del centro de gravedad y consigue reducir el tamaño del área vórtice producido por la batida crol.

Conclusiones: En conclusión, el balance contribuye en el entrenamiento del desarrollo de la técnica de batida.
The Economic Impact of a PEEP-based Lung Recruitment Clinical Trial Programme in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Barbosa Klenio , Veiga Viviane , Cavalcanti Alexandre Biasi
Published: February 2021

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the most challenging clinical conditions of the critical care medicine. Previous studies estimate the economic impact and the public return of the clinical trials on public health. Methods: The ART was conducted through a multicenter randomized trial at 120 intensive care units (ICUs) from 9 countries from November , 2011, through April, 2017, enrolling adults with moderate-to-severe ARDS, which investigated whether lung recruitment associated with PEEP titration according to the best respiratory-system compliance decreases 28-day mortality of patients compared with a conventional low-PEEP strategy. This paper identifies the economic impact of the clinical trial from the value of lives saved if the trial findings were implemented in the eligible patient populations for one year, and then computes the public return by subtracting the relevant clinical trial costs from the gross benefit. The economic impact was computed by subtracting the ART costs from its gross benefit. Results: The net benefit of the ART is approximately 152 millions of dollars if the ART findings is implemented in 50% of the eligible patients in Brazil, under the baseline assumptions. Moreover, for every dollar spent in the clinical trial, a return of 114 dollars was achieved in Brazil alone. If the ART’s trial findings were implemented in all eligible patients, then a return of the trial would be 229.5 dollars for every one dollar invested, and net benefit would be around 304 millions of dollars. Conclusions: These findings highlight the substantial economic benefit of clinical trials on ARDS treatments for the society. It also points out that the public return of clinical trials can be potentialized when the new trials’ findings are fully implemented on eligible patients. Efforts should be made to integrate clinical trials findings with the frontline health care delivery.
Adjuvant chemotherapy for poor-responders to neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: does it improve the prognosis?
Authors: DARIF KHADIJA , BENBRAHIM ZINEB , CHOUEF JIHANE , MAHDI ZAYNAB , NAJDI ADIL , CHBANI LAILA , BENJELLOUN ELBACHIR , MAJDOUB KARIM IBN , MAZAZ KHALID , LAHMIDANI NADA , ABKARI MOHAMMED EL , AMAADOUR LAMIAE , OUALLA KARIMA , M'RABET FZ EL , ARIFI SAMIA , MELLAS NAWFEL
Published: February 2021

Background: Colorectal cancer is the first cause of cancer death in developed countries. Although colon and rectal cancers are frequently grouped as a single disease entity, these malignancies have important differences in treatment approaches ; The preoperative radio-chemotherapy combination has become the standard for tumors of the middle and lower rectum, improving local control. But unlike colon cancer, currently there is no compelling evidence of the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in rectal cancer. This study examines the role of adjuvant chemotherapy after a neoadjuvant treatment and chirurgy in localy advanced rectal cancer, especially in poor responders to neoadjuvant therapy. Patients and Methods: Using the medical files collected at the medical oncology department at the Hassan II Hospital Center in Fez , Morocco; patients with rectal cancer diagnosed in 2014 through 2019 who received neoadjuvant CRT(concomitant radio chemotherapy) and surgery with or without AC(adjuvant chemotherapy) were identified. Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank tests were used to assess survival. Results: A total of 90 patients were identified; 70 received AC and 20 did not (observation [OBS] group). Median overall survival(OS) of the general population was 40 months, CI 95% = [25-56], the median disease-free survival (DFS) was 17 months,CI 95% = [7-26]. In the analysis of survival according to the ypT and ypN subgroups: the median OS in the ypT1-2 and ypN0 subgroup was higher than in the ypT3-4 or ypN + group (40 months vs 33 months and 44 months vs. 31 consecutive months); DFS was also better in the ypT1-2 and ypN0 group (29 months vs. 11 months (p = 0.05) and 29 months vs. 13 months respectively).The median OS was 40 months for AC and 23 months for OBS (p = 0.036), by against there was no significant improvement in recurrence-free survival. Conclusions: In this population of patients with LARC (localy advanced rectal cancer) treated with neoadjuvant CRT and surgery,
Efficiency of Extremophilic Microbial Mats for Removing of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Al-Qahtani Khairia M. , Ali Mohamed H.H. , Abdelkarim Mohamed S. , Al-Afify Afify D. G.
Published: February 2021

Two different extremophilic films were used as natural biosorbents to remove Cu(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Surface area, scanning electron microscope imaging and Fourier transformation infrared were used to characterize the surface of biosorbents. The results indicated high affinity of biosorbents to remove Pb(II) Cu(II) and Ni(II) with adsorption ratio ranged between 73.6–100% for both two biosorbent. The two biosorbents success to remove the metal ions from the aqueous mixture in the order of Pb(II) > Cu(II) > Ni(II). The maximum removal ratios of metal ions were achieved at pH = 6, 150 min contact time, 2.5 g/L biosorbent dose and 50 mg/L metal ions. The isothermal studies showed that both Langmuir and Freundlich models well expressed the adsorption process. Kinetically, the pseudo-second order reaction well express the type of reaction than pseud-first order reaction.
Urinary Dysfunction in Women Following Total Mesorectal Excision Vs. Partial Mesorectal Excision for Treatment of Rectal Cancer
Authors: Chill Henry H. , Parnasa Shani , Shussman Noam , Alter Roie , Helou Briggite , Cohen Adiel , Pikarsky Alon , Shveiky David
Published: February 2021

Background: Colorectal cancer is a condition which is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess urinary dysfunction and its effect on quality of life in women who underwent total mesorectal excision compared to women treated by partial mesorectal excision for treatment of rectal cancer. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study at a tertiary university hospital between January 2014 and December 2019. A comparison was performed between women who underwent total mesorectal excision as opposed to partial mesorectal excision for treatment of rectal cancer. Pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative data were compared between groups. Urinary dysfunction and its impact on quality of life were assessed using UDI-6 and USIQ questionnaires. Further univariate and multivariate analyses were performed in the attempt of assessing risk factors for urinary dysfunction. Results: A total of 107 women were included in the study, 73 women underwent partial mesorectal excision as opposed to 34 women who were treated by total mesorectal excision. Urinary dysfunction following surgery as assessed using the UDI-6 questionnaire did not differ between groups. Similar findings were recorded with regard to the impact of urinary dysfunction on quality of life as assessed using the USIQ questionnaire. Following multivariate analysis longer hospital stay was associated with increased risk of some degree of urinary dysfunction. Conclusions: Women undergoing total mesorectal excision have comparable results to partial mesorectal excision with regard to urinary dysfunction.
Predicting Early Allograft Dysfunction after Liver Transplantation from Post-Reperfusion Donor Liver Image
Authors: Ye Maodong , Su Weijie , Li Fangchong , Jie Yi , Chen Huadi , Chen Dehua , Luo Weixin , Li Xiaogang , Wang Dongping
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND:

To explore the relationship between early allograft dysfunction (EAD) and post-reperfusion liver appearance, and to develop image-based models which predict EAD and short-term mortality.
METHODS:

A total of 351 recipients of liver transplant were enrolled and divided into training set and testing set. Liver images of post-reperfusion donors and clinical information were collected. All the images were preprocessed. Support vector machines (SVM) and convolution neural network (CNN) models based on the texture analysis of post-reperfusion liver RGB images were constructed to predict EAD. Then, the model with a better performance was selected to construct further predictive models with additional inputs of clinical information. In addition, a score, namely image score, was assigned to each liver image based on the prediction probability from the CNN model. Further, the comparisons of outcomes among different image scores were performed.
RESULTS:

Out of the 351 enrolled recipients, 229 were in the training set while 122 in the testing set. CNN model achieved an AUC of 0.709 in testing set, outperforming the SVM model which has an AUC of 0.661. Further predictive model was based on the framework of the CNN model, where an AUC of 0.727 was obtained. Moreover, the lager image score was found to be relative to more postoperative infusion, more postoperative complication, the longer length of ICU and hospital stay.
CONCLUSION:

The post-reperfusion appearance of donor liver was associated with the occurrence of EAD. Moreover, it was feasible to predict EAD and patient outcomes through the texture analysis of post-reperfusion liver RGB images.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Maternal Mortality at a Tertiary Care Centre in Eastern Nepal- Retrospective Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Sitaula Sarita , Basnet Tulasa , Agrawal Ajay , Manandhar Tara , Das Dipti , Shrestha Prezma
Published: February 2021

Background:Maternal mortality ratio is an important public health indicator that reflects the quality of health care services. The prevalence is still high in developing countries than in the developed countries. This study aimed to determine the MMR and to identify the various risk factors and causes of maternal mortality.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care center of Eastern Nepal from 16th July,2015 to 15th July 2020. Maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live-births over 5 years of study period was calculated. The causes of death, delays of maternal mortality and different sociodemographic profiles were analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results:There were total of 55,667 deliveries conducted during the study period. The calculated maternal mortality ratio is 129.34 per 100,000 live-births in year 2015 to 2020. The mean age and gestational age of women having maternal deaths were 24.69 ±5.99 years and 36.15± 4.38 weeks of gestation respectively. The common causes of maternal deaths were obstetric hemorrhage, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and sepsis. The leading contributory factors to the death were delay in seeking health care and delay in reaching health care facility (type I delay:40.84%).Conclusions:Despite the availability of comprehensive emergency obstetric care at our center, maternal mortality is still high and almost 75% of deaths were avoidable. The leading contributory factors were due to delay in seeking care and delayed referral from other health facilities. Contributory factors related to maternal mortality are preventable through combined safe motherhood strategies, prompt referral, active management of labor and puerperium.
Race Disparities in Mortality by Breast Cancer from 2000 to 2017 in São Paulo, Brazil: is it a Matter of Access to Care?
Authors: Marcelino Ana Cláudia , Gozzi Bruno , Filho Cassio Cardoso , Machado Helymar , Zeferino Luiz Carlos , Vale Diama Bhadra
Published: February 2021

Purpose To evaluate the influence of race on breast cancer mortality, this work aims to demonstrate the evolution of rates in the state of São Paulo, from 2000 to 2017, contextualizing with other causes of death. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional time-series study using age and race as variables. Information on deaths was collected from the Ministry of Health Information System. Only white and black/brown categories were used. Mortality rates were age-adjusted by the standard method. For statistical analysis trend-tests were carried out. Results In the period there were 60,940 deaths registered as breast cancer deaths, 46,365 in white and 10,588 in black women. The rates for 100,000 women in 2017 were 16.46 in white and 9.57 in black women, a trend to reduction in white (p=0.002), and to increase in black women (p=0.010). This effect was more significant for white women (p<0.001). The trend to reduction was consistent in all age-groups in white women, and the trend to increase was observed only in the 40-49 years group in black women. For ‘all-cancer causes’ the trend was to a reduction in white (p=0.031) and to increase in black women (p<0.001). For ‘ill-defined causes’ and ‘external causes’, the trend was to a reduction in both races (p<0.001). Conclusion Mortality rates due to breast cancer in São Paulo were influenced by race. The divergences observed between white and black women may indicate differentiated access to health resources, contributing to the inequities that exist in the health of the black population in our setting.
RET Proto-Oncogene Mutational Analysis in Patients With Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Damavandi Elia , Javadi-Arjmand Maliheh , Mohajeri-Tehrani Mohammad-Reza , Larijani Bagher , Kabuli Majid , Ghadami Mohsen
Published: February 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to identify germline mutation of the RET (rearranged during transfection) gene in patients with Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC) and their first-degree relatives to find pre-symptomatic carriers for possible prophylactic thyroidectomy.Methods and results: We examined all six hot spot exons (exons 10, 11, 13, and 14-16) of the RET gene by PCR and bidirectional sanger sequencing in 45 Iranian patients with MTC (either sporadic or familial form) from 7 unrelated kindreds and 38 apparently sporadic cases. First-degree relatives of RET positive cases were also genotyped for index mutation. Moreover, pre-symptomatic carriers were referred to the endocrinologist for further clinical management and prophylactic thyroidectomy if needed. Overall, the genetic status of all of the participants was determined by RET mutation screening, including 61 affected individuals, 22 pre-symptomatic carriers and 29 genetically healthy subjects. In 37.5% (17 of 45) of the MTC referral index patients, seven distinct RET germline mutations were found, including p.C634R (35.3%), p.M918T (17.6%), p.C634Y (11.8%), p.C634F (5.9%), p.C611Y (5.9%), p.C618R (5.9%), p.C630R (5.9%), p.L790F (5.9%) and an uncertain variant p.V648I (5.9%). Conclusion: RET mutation detection is a promising/golden screening test and provides an accurate pre-symptomatic diagnostic test for at-risk carriers (the siblings and offspring of the patients) to consider prophylactic thyroidectomy. Thus, mutation screening of the RET hot spot exons could be suggested for any MTC patient to find pre-symptomatic RET carriers in their relatives.
The hUCMSCs Exerts Excellent Anti-inflammation Effect which is Different from TCZ IL-6 Antagonist by Inducing High IL-6 Secretion
Authors: Lo Huei-Yu , Cheng Shun-Ping , Huang Jing-Long , Chang Kuo-Ting , Chang Yu-Lung , Huang Chien-Hsun , Chang Chia-Jen , Chiu Chien-Hua , Chen-Yang Yui Whei , Chan Chin-Kan
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND The biologic and cellular IL-6-related therapies have been used to treat the autoimmune diseases (AID), which prompting us to furtherly explore the IL-6 role in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) therapy.MATERIALS & METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were responder co-cultured with hUCMSCs or exogenous IL-6. PBMC suppression assay was used to analyze the anti-inflammatory effects by using the MTT assay. The IL-6 concentration in supernatant was measured using ELISA. The correlation between anti-inflammation effect of hUCMSCs and IL-6 levels, and the relevant roles of IL-6, IL-6 mRNA expression was analyzed using the MetaCore functional network constructed from gene microarray data. The location of IL-6 and IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) expression was furtherly evaluated.RESULTS Initially, hUCMSCs did not exert any inhibitory effect on PBMCs, however, a potent inhibitory effect on PBMCs was observed and the IL-6 concentration reached about 1000 ng/mL after 72 hours. Exogenous 1000 ng/mL IL-6 could inhibit PBMCs inflammations but less than that of hUCMSCs. The hUCMSCs exerts excellent anti-inflammation effect by inducing higher IL-6 level which is different from TCZ IL-6 antagonistCONCLUSIONS High concentration IL-6 cytokine secretion plays an important role in the anti-inflammation effect of hUCMSCs cell therapy.
Characteristics of menstrual cycle disorder and saliva metabolomics of young women in high-temperature environment
Authors: Wei Fan Meng , An Hong Gai , Fan Jun Li , Chen Wei Xue , Li Chao , Chen Jun Jia , Ma Qiang , Yang Feng Dan , Wang Jing
Published: February 2021

Objective: High-temperature environments induce menstrual disorders, which can seriously damage women's reproductive health and workability. The regulation mechanism underlying the induction of these disorders at high temperature is yet to be elucidated. Saliva is an information-rich biological fluid that can reflect systemic diseases. Blood metabolites can enter the saliva through extracellular, intracellular, or paracellular pathways. Therefore, saliva metabolites may provide a window for the early detection of diseases. Methods: Here, we investigated the characteristics of menstrual cycle disorders and saliva metabolomics. Women from high and normal temperature areas of China were selected and divided into two groups—high-temperature (H group) and control (C group). A questionnaire survey was conducted in summer (July) to investigate the incidence rate of menstrual disorders, characteristics of the disorders, and factors influencing the risk of these disorders in different regions. Metabolomics was applied to analyze the characteristics of the salivary metabolites and neurotransmitters in the two groups of women with menstrual disorders.Results: The incidence rate of menstrual disorders was significantly higher in the H group than in the C group (P < 0.05). High-temperature environment, anxiety, pressure, and sleep quality were identified as critical factors associated with menstrual disorders. Non-targeted saliva metabolomics identified 64 significantly different metabolites, which mainly enriched in metabolic pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism, membrane transport, digestive system, and nucleotide metabolism(P < 0.05). Targeted metabolomics of neurotransmitters revealed increased expression of histamine (HA) and glutamine and decreased expression of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The incidence rate of menstrual disorder was increased in the H group, which is significantly related to factors such as anxiety and pressure. Changes in metabolites and neurotransmitters indicated that besides mood, endocrine regulation mechanism, inflammatory reactions that affect the formation of the follicular, cell membrane might contribute to the development of menstrual disorders.
A SiGe-Source Doping-Less Double-Gate Tunnel FET: Design and Analysis Based on Charge Plasma Technique with Enhanced Performance
Authors: Mishra Varun , Verma Yogesh Kumar , Gupta Santosh Kumar , Rathi Vikas
Published: February 2021

In this article, a distinctive charge plasma (CP) technique is employed to design two doping-less dual gate tunnel field effect transistors (DL-DG-TFETs) with Si0.5Ge0.5 and Si as source material. The CP methodology resolves the issues of random doping fluctuation and doping activation. The analog and RF performance has been investigated for both the proposed devices i.e. Si0.5Ge0.5 source DL-DG-TFET and Si-source DL-DG-TFET in terms of drive current, transconductance, cut-off frequency. In addition, the linearity and distortion analysis has been carried out for both the proposed devices with respect to higher order transconductance (gm2 and gm3), VIP2, IMD3, and HD2. The Si0.5Ge0.5 source DL-DG-TFET has better performance characteristics and reliability in compare to Si-source DL-DG-TFET owing to low energy bandgap material and higher mobility. The switching ratio obtained for Si0.5Ge0.5 source DL-DG-TFET is order of 5×1014 that makes it a suitable contender for low power applications.
RGL2 Drives the Metastatic Progression of Colorectal Cancer via Preventing the Protein Degradation of β-catenin and KRAS
Authors: Sun Meng-Shun , Yuan Lan-Ting , Kuei Chia-Hao , Lin Hui-Yu , Chen Yen-Lin , Chiu Hui-Wen , Lin Yuan-Feng
Published: February 2021

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer and results in high mortality worldwide, owing to cancer progression, e.g., metastasis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the metastatic evolution of CRC remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the clinical relevance and oncogenic function of RGL2 in CRC.Methods: Cellular migration ability was assessed by transwell cultivation. The metastatic potential was estimated by lung colony-forming assay. DNA-binding activity of transcription factors was determined by luciferase-based reporter assay. RGL2 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in human CRC specimens. RGL2 mRNA expression from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) CRC database was compared between the primary tumors and normal tissues.Results: The upregulation of Ral Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Stimulator Like 2 (RGL2) was commonly detected in primary tumors compared with normal tissues and is significantly associated with a poorer prognosis in CRC patients. Moreover, RGL2 expression appeared to positively correlate with the metastatic potential of CRC cells. Whereas RGL2 knockdown dramatically suppressed the metastatic potential of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo, RGL2 overexpression in poorly metastatic CRC cells and reconstitution in RGL2-silenced CRC cells enhanced and rescued the cellular metastatic ability, respectively. Computational simulation using the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis program and cell-based assays demonstrated that RGL2 expression was causally associated with the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis and KRAS, as well as the progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the detected CRC cells. Importantly, RGL2 upregulation was capable of preventing the protein degradation of β-catenin and KRAS in CRC cells. Conclusion: RGL2 has metastasis-promoting effects via stabilizing β-catenin and KRAS in CRC cells and prognostic significance in CRC patients. These findings suggest that RGL2 acts as a driver to promote the metastatic progression of CRC and serves as a poor prognostic biomarker in CRC patients.
Quadruple-editing of MAPK and PI3K pathways effectively blocks the progression of KRAS-mutated colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Wang Zaozao , Kang Bin , Gao Qianqian , Huang Lei , Fan Yingcong , Yu Jianhong , Di Jiabo , Jiang Beihai , Gao Feng , Wang Dan , Sun Haixi , Gu Ying , Li Jian , Su Xiangqian
Published: February 2021

Background

Mutated KRAS promotes the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Aberrant activation of phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K) pathway strongly attenuates the efficacy of MAPK suppression in KRAS-mutated CRC cells. The development of a novel strategy targeting dual-pathway is therefore highly essential for the therapy of KRAS-mutated CRC cells.
Methods

In this study, a quadruple-depleting system for KRAS, MEK1, PIK3CA, and mammalian target of rapamycin (MTOR) genes based on Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/SaCas9 was developed. Serotype 5 of adenovirus (ADV5) was used as packaging virus for systemic delivery of the CRISPR system. To enhance infection efficiency and specificity of ADV5 to CRC cells and reduce its non-specific tissue tropism, two engineered proteins, an adaptor and a protector were synthesized and formed an ADV-protein complex (APC) when delivered the quadruple-editing system intravenously in vivo.
Results

The quadruple-editing significantly inhibited MAPK and PI3K pathways in CRC cells with oncogenic mutations of KRAS and PIK3CA or with KRAS mutation and compensated PI3K activation. Compared with MEK and PI3K/MTOR inhibitors, the quadruple-editing induced more significant survival inhibition on primary CRC cells with oncogenic mutations of KRAS and PIK3CA. The adaptor protein which specifically targeting epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) could dramatically enhance infection efficiency of ADV5 to CRC cells. and the protector protein could significantly reduce the off-targeting tropisms in a variety of organs. Moreover, the quadruple-editing intravenously delivered by APC significantly blocked dual-pathway and tumor growth, without influencing normal tissues in cell- and patient-derived xenograft models of KRAS-mutated CRC cells.
Conclusions

APC-delivered quadruple-editing of MAPK and PI3K pathways effectively and specifically blocked the progression of KRAS-mutated CRC cells.
Endocardial lead extraction with transoesophageal echocardiography guidance for cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) related infections: four cases report
Authors: Han Qiaoyu , Feng Yi , Ju Hui , Jiang Yan , Ze Feng , Li Xuebin , Jiang Luyang
Published: February 2021

Background

With the expanding use of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIEDs) in older populations with more complicated conditions have bring about higher rates of CIED infections. The recommended treatment of which involves the complete removal of all hardware, followed by antibiotic therapy and re-implant. Application of transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) helps improving efficacy and safety by capacitating the operators to perform the procedure, guiding them to better plans and to rapidly recognize and manage relative complications.
Case presentation

: We report four cases of CIED infections from single-centre, who were extracted endocardial leads with intra-op TEE monitoring and guidance. Three of them had three fatal complications as pulmonary embolism, pericardial tamponade and tricuspid trauma. The other one was found a massive vegetation detected by TEE not by pre-op TTE, which avoided intra-op embolism.
Conclusions

Continuously intra-op TEE should be one of the routine monitoring methods in these high-risk endocardial leads extraction procedures.
E-learning-based medical education during COVID19 pandemic From Medical students' View Points
Authors: Khojasteh Laleh , Karimian Zahra , Nasiri Elham , Sharifzadeh Sedigheh , Farrokhi Majid Reza
Published: February 2021

Background

Most universities around the world have replaced e-learning with face-to-face methods after Covid-19 Pandemic. The present study evaluates the students' viewpoints about the dimensions of e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods

This is a survey study aimed at investigating e-learning experiences of 550 students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences(SUMS) during the time Coronavirus pandemic. To data collection, a research-made questionnaire was employed, and the data were analyzed using one sample T-test, Independent T-test, ANOVA, and MANOVA.
Results

The results demonstrated that the students had satisfactory e-learning experiences and the average dimensions of e-learning were: Technological facilities(M = 4.29 ± 1.13),Technical support (M = 4.00 ± 1.08), e-Content quality(3.84 ± 1.05), Asynchronous education (M = 3.73 ± 1.20), Teacher-learner interaction(3.63 ± 1.32) and Synchronous education(M = 3.59 ± 1.31)Respectively. Most important factor was the interaction and feedback between teacher and students. Students' views on the components of e-learning were related to their age, access to electronic devices, and their computer skills significantly.
Conclusion

It seems that e-Learning can be a relatively good alternative to face-to-face training, but the teacher-student interaction is the main element in the greater effectiveness of this method.
Large Faraday effect and structural properties of heavily Tb3+-doped borogermanate glasses: a potential precursor of magneto-optical fibers
Authors: Franco Douglas , Ledemi Yannick , Correr Wagner , Morency Steeve , Afonso Conrado , Messaddeq Sandra Helena , Messaddeq Younès , Nalin Marcelo
Published: February 2021

New glass compositions containing high concentrations of Tb3+ ions were developed aiming at the production of magneto-optical (MO) fibers. This work reports on the structural and MO properties of a new glass composition based on (100-x)(41GeO2-25B2O3-4Al2O3-10Na2O-20BaO) – xTb4O7. Morphological analysis (HR-TEM) of the sample with the highest concentration of Tb3+ ions confirmed the homogeneous distribution of Tb3+ ions and the absence of nanoclusters. All the samples presented excellent thermal stability against crystallization (ΔT > 100 oC). An optical fiber was manufactured by a fiber drawing process. The UV-Vis spectra of the glasses showed Tb3+ electronic transitions and optical windows varying from 0.4 to 1.6 µm. The magneto-optical properties and the paramagnetic behaviors of the glasses were investigated using Faraday rotation experiments. The Verdet constant (VB) values were calculated at 500, 650, 880, 1050, 1330, and 1550 nm. The maximum VB values obtained at 650 and 1550 nm for the glass with x = 18 mol% were − 128 and − 17.6 rad T− 1 m− 1, respectively. The VB values at 500 and 1550 nm for the optical fiber containing 8 mol% of Tb4O7 were − 110.2 and − 9.5 rad T− 1 m− 1, respectively, while the optical loss at around 880 nm was 6.4 dB m− 1.