bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Android-Based Aerobic Exercise Application to Easily Decrease Symptoms of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Khasanah Eviyanti , Susilo Rakhmat
Published: August 2023

Background: Recurrent stroke occurs due to the lack of knowledge about symptom improvement in ischemic stroke, so many  people   ignore  it. A researcher said aerobic exercise improves cardiovascular health, balance mobility, and endurance after  a stroke.  This has health  consequences that  can affect the occurrence of subsequent recurrent  strokes.  Aerobic  exercise is an application designed as a medium for health education. Objective: This technological work aims to determine the application of Low Impact Aerobic Exercise to improve ischemic stroke symptoms. Method: At this stage, a trial was conducted on the features of the Aerobic Exercise application using an expert test, namely a trial conducted by consulting research instruments (applications) with experts or health experts. After that research was carried out. Results: Changes in improving ischemic stroke symptoms after using aerobic exercise applications on blood pressure, cholesterol, and muscle mobilization  were  found.  Conclusion:  The  Aerobic  Exercise application  for respondents is easy to use,  and  they  understand how to operate it.
Zaynab al-Ghazālī al-Ǧabīlī, a Female Activist and Writer in Favour of the Islamic Cause From the Formative Years to Her Imprisonment Under the Regime of ʿAbd al-Nāṣir (1917-65)
Authors: Paciello Maria Cristina
Published: August 2023

Zaynab al-Ghazālī (1917-2005) was an activist of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood, the founder of the Muslim Women’s Association, a religious preacher and a prolific writer. The article seeks to trace the evolution of al-Ghazālī’s activism and her political ideas, starting from the formative years (1917-48) until her imprisonment under the regime of ʿAbd al-Nāṣir (1964). The article is expected to make an original contribution to the existing literature by presenting al-Ghazālī’s thinking beyond her conception of women and by relying on the analysis of a group of articles written on theMagazine of the Muslim Women(Maǧallat al-Sayyidāt al-Muslimāt) between 1951 and 1957, which has remained so far unexplored.
Travelling Across Cultures: Some Aspects of the Safavid Envoys’ Travels to Venice
Authors: Guliyev Ahmad
Published: August 2023

The paper aims to explore the practical aspects of the Safavid envoys’ travels to Venice in the sixteenth and the first part of the seventeenth centuries. In particular, it will reconstruct the itineraries of the journeys of the Safavid delegates to Venice, analyse the challenges and difficulties of long-distance travel experienced by them and the impact of the Ottoman factor on both the Safavid and Venetian envoys’ travel planning and trajectories. The paper reveals that the first Safavid trade mission to Venice was sent in 1597 and not in 1600, as previously known in the historiography. We will shed light on the social status of the Safavid envoys and clarify the role and duties of the garak-yaraqs (purveyors) of the Safavid Royal Household among them. We will examine the impact of the overall character of the Safavid-Ottoman relations both on the size of the missions and the intensity of the diplomatic and trade contacts between the Republic of Venice and the Safavid Empire.
Colour as a Socio-Cultural Multi-Layered Sign in the ‘Nausicaa’ Episode in J. Joyce’s Ulysses and Its Translation into Armenian
Authors: Hambardzumyan Diana
Published: August 2023

The subject of this article is the semiotic interpretation of James Joyce’s Ulysses and its Armenian translation. The latter is a significant achievement in literary translation not only because the original text is one of the unique masterpieces of world literature, but also because the Armenian translation is so masterfully done that it is worthy of being placed next to the original. The present article aims to study colour as a socio-cultural multi-layered sign in the ‘Nausicaa’ episode in James Joyce’s Ulysses and the ways it is translated into Armenian. The study is conducted by lingua-stylistic, lingua-poetic, and literary methods.
Xiaolu Guo’s A Lover’s Discourse: Analysis of the Influence of Roland Barthes
Authors: Giuliano Elisabetta
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to analyse A Lover’s Discourse (2020), a novel by Chinese writer Xiaolu Guo, comparing it to A Lover’s Discourse: Fragments (1978) by Roland Barthe and examining to what degree the French linguist and semiotician has influenced the author’s work. The discourse between lovers developed by Guo resembles that of Barthes on a structural, linguistic, and thematic level, but is set in an intercultural and multilingual context. By reframing the discourse as such, Xiaolu Guo contemplates themes of love, wordlessness, and home, connected to the migrant’s experience.
Japanese Context of the ‘Good Manners’ of the Legates of the Tensho Embassy in Italy (1585): The Buke Kojitsu, the Ise, and Kyūshū
Authors: Shimada Takuya
Published: August 2023

The Tensho Embassy has been predominantly portrayed from the ecclesiastical, European, or missionary perspectives, largely because of the availability of relevant sources. This article attempts to acknowledge the implicit agency of the legates by looking at their behavioural context through the buke kojitsu of the warrior class in sixteenth‑century Japan. It partially uncovers a Japanese cultural layer that their hosts in Italy and even Jesuit missionaries in Japan may not have perceived. It thus offers a non‑European, novel approach to the historiography, while introducing Japanese textual sources on the buke kojitsu to Western readership.
Students’ self-consciousness of comic strips as narrative writing teaching aids
Authors: Friatin Lilies Youlia , Osunero Angelo
Published: August 2023

The use of comic strips as teaching aids for narrative writing is the subject of this study. This study used comic strips in the context of narrative writing to examine students' feelings of self-consciousness. The researchers conducted a case study to gather qualitative information for this study. A questionnaire was used as a research instrument in this study. The form of the questionnaire used by the researchers is a close-ended question with a short rating questionnaire (strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree or strongly agree) which consists of ten statements. To analyze the data, the researchers used the formula of the computation for calculating the data to be a percentage of each student's response to each questionnaire item by presenting them on the table and then described it as the questionnaire was examined. The findings indicate that using comic strips as teaching aids for the narrative writing curriculum is well received by students. It showed that the students gave positive responses towards the implementation of comic strips as teaching media in narrative learning material. Almost all of the students in the classroom were interested and enjoyed it while the researchers implemented the comic strips. The students are active in class activities. They felt using the comic strips as a learning media makes them better able to develop their imagination and create ideas for developing the stories discussed because, in the comic, the explanations accompanied by pictures and dialogues make it easier for them to interpret the stories or material discussed, even though in terms of language skills and vocabulary are inadequate.
Developing a Scale to Measure Teacher Reward and Praise Behaviors for Classroom Management
Authors: BOLAT Özgür
Published: August 2023

Classroom management is an indispensable element in creating an effective learning environment. In a classroom with poor management, students cannot engage in the learning process and may experience anxiety. Consequently, equipping teachers with effective classroom management skills is among the responsibilities of school leaders. However, prior to offering professional development programmes, school leaders should first teachers’ use of rewards and praise as part of their classroom management tools. According to the Self-Determination Theory, although rewards and praise are effective in establishing discipline, they may not significantly enhance development or motivation. Therefore, it is imperative to measure how much rewards and praise teachers employ in their classrooms in a valid and reliable manner. To the best of our knowledge, no scale currently exists in the literature that measures this aspect. This research will be the first study to measure teachers' reward and praise behaviors. The research is conducted as a quantitative study using a descriptive survey model. In the initial round, a 25-item pilot form was administered to 465 teachers. The results of Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed a 13-item, 2-factor structure, explaining 76% of the total variance, named as "teacher praise behaviors" and "teacher reward behaviors," respectively. The reliability levels of the factor scores were found to be .87 and .92. In the second round, data were collected from 271 teachers using the 13-item form. Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed the 2-factor structure. To test concurrent validity, two scales were administered, and their relationships were presented as evidence of concurrent validity. In conclusion, the Teacher Reward and Praise Scale has been presented as a valid and reliable instrument for measuring teachers' behaviors in classroom management, available for researchers and practitioners' use.
Извлечение и идентификация тритерпеноидов Atractylodes ovata (Thunb.) DC.
Authors: Мягчилов Алексей Викторович , Соколова Лариса Ивановна , Кулагина Ксения Сергеевна , Дудкин Роман Васильевич
Published: August 2023

Методами 13С ЯМР-спектроскопии и масс-спектрометрии с ионизацией электронным ударом впервые в растении веретенник яйцевидный (Atractylodes ovata (Thunb.) DC.), произрастающем в Приморском крае Дальнего Востока России, идентифицировано 8 тритерпеноидов: лупеол, тараксастерол, α-амирин, β-амирин, 3-О-ацетиллупеол, 3-О-ацетил-α-амирин, 3-О-ацетил-β-амирин и 3-О-ацетилтараксастерол. Исследовано влияние природы экстрагента (гексан, четыреххлористый углерод, 95 % этанол) на выход тритерпеноидов из надземных и подземных органов растения A. ovata. Установлено, что максимальное извлечение тритерпеноидов из исходного сырья достигается при использовании в качестве экстрагента четыреххлористого углерода (соцветия — 4,87 %, листья — 1,41 %, корни — 0,25 %), а минимальное — этанолом (соцветия — 2,04 %, листья — 1,25 %, корни — 0,10 %). Состав тритерпеноидов в экстрактах надземных и подземных органов A. ovata определяли методом ГЖХ-МС. Показано, что доминирующим тритерпеноидом в листьях и корнях A. ovata является лупеол (0,39 ± 0,03 и 0,10 ± 0,02 % соответственно), а в соцветиях — 3-О-ацетил-β-амирин (1,11 ± 0,04 %).
Сравнительное изучение фармакологической активности экстрактов цикория обыкновенного
Authors: Лупанова Ирина Александровна , Мизина Прасковья Георгиевна
Published: August 2023

Проведено сравнительное изучение фармакологической активности экстракта травы дикорастущего и экстракта листьев культивируемого цикория обыкновенного как перспективных источников антиоксидантных, гепатопротекторных и иммуномодулирующих биологически активных веществ. Первичный скрининг биологической активности экстрактов изучали с использованием специфических ферментных биотест-систем in vitro на основе глутатионредуктазы (ГР) и каталазы (КАТ); цитохрома Р450 и глутатионтрансферазы (ГТ); НАДФН-оксидазы. При внесении экстракта травы дикорастущего цикория обыкновенного в концентрации 3,3 мкг/мл в инкубационную среду скорость ГР-реакции увеличивалась на 91 %, КАТ – на 37 % по сравнению с контролем. С применением специфических ферментных биотест-систем на основе цитохрома Р450 и ГТ установлено, что экстракт листьев культивируемого растения в концентрациях 2,0 мкг/мл обладал менее выраженным действием по сравнению с экстрактом травы дикорастущего растения на активность ключевых ферментов системы биотрансформации. Полученные результаты подтверждены на модели токсического поражения печени крыс, вызванного тетрахлорметаном in vivo. В экспериментах использовали нелинейных крыс самцов массой тела 200 ± 20 г. С использованием специфической ферментной биотест-системы на основе НАДФН-оксидазы из лейкоцитов крови кроликов показано, что экстракт листьев культивируемого цикория в концентрации 3,3 мкг/мл проявлял более выраженные иммуномодулирующие свойства по сравнению с экстрактом травы дикорастущего растения.
Разработка промышленной технологии производства инулина из корней одуванчика лекарственного (Taraxacum officinale Wigg.)
Authors: Нуридуллаева К. Н. , Кариева Ёкут Саидкаримовна , Халилов Р. М.
Published: August 2023

Для интенсивного экстрагирования инулина из корней одуванчика лекарственного (Taraxacum officinale Wigg.) применен метод экстракции с принудительной циркуляцией экстрагента. Тремя способами получены образцы инулина, который оценивали по выходу и чистоте инулина. На основании полученных данных разработана промышленная технология производства инулина из корней одуванчика лекарственного, заключающаяся в экстракции корней водой при 80 °C, циркуляции экстрагента со скоростью 90 л/ч, концентрировании экстракта до содержания 70 % сухого остатка и осаждения инулина добавлением 95 % этилового спирта в объемном соотношении концентрат — этиловый спирт 1:4, отстаивании в течение 8 ч. В результате получен инулин с выходом 30,0 % от массы сырья с чистотой не менее 80 %. Установлены следующие характеристики: потеря в массе при высушивании — не более 5,0 %; золы — не более 2 %; тяжелые металлы — не более 0,001 %; содержание инулина — не менее 80,0 %. По содержанию токсических элементов, пестицидов и радионуклидов полученный продукт соответствует требованиям стандартов и является безопасным для применения в фармацевтическом производстве
Comparative analysis of cultural elements in textbooks “Schritte” and “Yeni Hitit”
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey, Arabacıoğlu Behiye
Published: August 2023

Textbooks play an undeniable role in education and training. The selection of textbooks, which are crucial materials for both teachers and learners in the teaching-learning process, requires careful consideration of specific criteria. Textbooks wield an effect on intrinsic motivation factors like interest, desire, and curiosity. They also impact academic achievement directly. Considering that a contemporary foreign language textbook should include important elements of other cultures and provide valuable cultural information, it's vital to consider cultural elements while selecting these textbooks. Hence, this study selected two textbooks that follow the communicative parametric method, devised primarily for foreign language education for adults, particularly in integration courses. This study analyzed and compared the textbook “Schritte” for foreigners who want to learn German and the textbook “Yeni Hitit” for foreigners who want to learn Turkish in terms of cultural elements. The study focuses on investigating and elaborating on cultural elements in these textbooks. To achieve these objectives, qualitative research was used in compliance with the criteria of validity and reliability of the research. The research showed that both textbooks adequately included cultural elements and provided the target language-target culture context. Both textbooks were found to present features specific to the countries in which they were written. Furthermore, these textbooks highlight the distinctions that exist in terms of characteristics among different groups of people and cultures. It has been concluded that these books are shaped to provide tolerance and empathy towards other cultures, emphasizing the differences in the characteristics of other cultures, and providing the opportunity to learn the culture of the learned language as well as learning a foreign language.
INFLUENCE OF SHORT-TERM CROP ROTATIONS WITH DIFFERENT PROPORTIONS OF SUNFLOWER ON SOIL WATER REGIME
Authors: Dehtiarova Z. O.
Published: August 2023

The article analyses the features of water consumption of sunflowers in short-term crop rotations. Presents the results of the 2020‒2021 research carried out in the experimental field of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchaev, located in the area of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The soil cover of the experimental field is represented by typical chernozem heavy loam on loess-like loam. Soil moisture was determined by gravimetric technique. Sunflower water consumption was calculated using the water balance method. The sunflower yield was recorded manually. The purpose of our research was to determine how short-term crop rotations with different sunflower saturation affect the formation of the soil water regime and the yield of the crop itself. The experimental design included five-field crop rotations with sunflower saturation of 0, 20, 40, and 60 %. The control in the experiment was a five-field crop rotation without sunflowers. It was determined that the yield of sunflower seeds depended on the variants and ranged from 3,21 to 3,57 t/ha. The increase in the share of sunflower in crop rotation was accompanied by a decrease in its yield, in particular, due to the deterioration of moisture supply. Soil moisture consumption was the highest in crop rotation with sunflower saturation of 60 % (2969 m3/ha). Against the background of reducing the share of sunflower to 40 and 20%, moisture consumption was 2713 and 2824 m3/ha. The water consumption coefficient was high due to an increase in the share of sunflowers in short-term crop rotations. It was determined that in crop rotation with sunflower saturation of 40 % the coefficient of water consumption was the lowest. At the same time, this variant has the highest yield of sunflower seeds (3,57 t/ha). Increasing the saturation of short-term crop rotations with sunflowers up to 60 % should occur under conditions of the high culture of agriculture. Therefore, ways of efficient use of soil moisture to increase the yield of sunflowers in short-term crop rotations are being developed.
New mycoparasitic species in the genera Niveomyces and Pseudoniveomyces gen. nov. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), with sporothrix-like asexual morphs, from Thailand
Authors: Kobmoo N. , Tasanathai K. , Araújo J.P.M. , Noisripoom W. , Thanakitpipattana D. , Mongkolsamrit S. , Himaman W. , Houbraken J. , Luangsa-Ard J.J.
Published: August 2023

Four new species of the genus Niveomyces are described from Thailand. They were found as mycoparasites on: Ophiocordyceps infecting flies (Diptera) for Niveomyces albus; ants (Hymenoptera) for N. formicidarum; and leafhoppers (Hemiptera)
for N. hirsutellae and N. multisynnematus. A new genus, Pseudoniveomyces with two species: Pseudoniveo. blattae (type species), parasitic on Ophiocordyceps infecting cockroaches, and Pseudoniveo. arachnovorum, found on a spider egg sac, are also described.
These fungi share a common feature which is a sporothrix-like asexual morph. Based on our molecular data, Sporothrix insectorum is shown to be affiliated to the genus Niveomyces, and thus a new combination N. insectorum comb. nov. is proposed. Niveomyces coronatus,
N. formicidarum and N. insectorum formed the N. coronatus species complex found on ant-pathogenic Ophiocordyceps from different continents. Pseudoniveomyces species are distinguished from Niveomyces spp. based on the presence of fusoid macroconidia in
culture and a red pigment diffused in the medium, resembling to Gibellula and Hevansia. The molecular phylogenetic analyses also confirmed its generic status. The host/substrates associated with the genera within Cordycipitaceae were mapped onto the phylogeny to demonstrate
that mycoparasitism also evolved independently multiple times in this family.
The Strength of Self and L2 Willingness to Communicate: The role of L2 Grit, Ideal L2 Self and Growth Language Mindset
Authors: Ebn-Abbasi Faramarz , Fattahi Nazila , Azari Noughabi Mostafa , Botes Elouise
Published: August 2023

Positive psychology emphasizes the role that character strengths play in the achievement of goals. In this study, we examined character strengths in the context of second language (L2) learning and their role in a critical goal of L2 learning - the Willingness to Communicate (WTC) in the target language. Specifically, we examined the impact of L2 Grit, Ideal L2 Self, and Language Mindset as complex direct and indirect predictors of WTC. Data was collected from 450 EFL learners. The predictor of L2 Grit, and the possible mediators of Ideal L2 Self and Language Mindset, and the outcome variable of WTC was modelled in a latent mediation model. Results indicated that Ideal L2 Self and Language Mindset fully mediated the relationship between L2 Grit and WTC. As such, the study highlighted the role that personal strengths such as grittiness, self-motivation and a growth mindset can have in the L2 learning context.
TUBB4A is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that tubulin beta 4A class IVa, encoded by TUBB4A, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. TUBB4A mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Modulation of TUBB4A expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Language emergence with a dislexic receiver
Authors: Kacem Inès Ben Haj , Ninou Hugo , Vaillant-Tenzer Constantin Igor
Published: August 2023

In an experimental language emergence, adding human-like constraints such as laziness and impatience to a classical communication game makes the emergent language more similar to natural languages as for the distribution of message lengths when ranked by their frequency. In particular, the relation between words frequency and length in the new language respects Zipf’s Law of Abbreviation (ZLA). We wondered what the influence of another human-like characteristic, dyslexia, would be on the emergent language, and implemented this in the article’s code. We found that dyslexia is making communication a lot harder, increasing the number of useless symbols in communication. However, if the dyslexia is not too frequent, communication with a full understanding is possible.
Rater Error as a Threat to Evaluation Conclusions: How well do standard methods address this threat?
Authors: White Mark
Published: August 2023

Rater-mediated assessments allow for the direct assessment of the impact of educational interventions on teaching practice, among other important uses. A risk of using rater-mediated assessments is that conclusions are dependent on the specific raters used in the study. This paper reviews the existing methods to address rater error from the perspective of evaluating the robustness of conclusions to the threat of rater error. I then propose a new method that more directly and explicitly explores the robustness of conclusions to the threat of rater error. The proposed method is based on a replication logic that views the use of multiple raters in a study from the perspective of a direct, within-study replication, using multiple imputation to fill in missing ratings that arise from not all raters scoring each case. I present a brief simulation showing multiple imputation works effectively in real data and a case study to demonstrate the logic of the proposed approach. The discussion includes ideas on how to expand the proposed approach (e.g., by including qualitative data on rater error obtained from training/calibration).
Manajemen Program Promkes
Authors: Marni
Published: August 2023

Manajemen program Promosi Kesehatan
Penilaian Harian 01 “Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial” Kelas 5D
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: August 2023

Penilaian Harian 01 “Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial” Kelas 5D
A theoretical framework for nonlinear dynamics in finance systems: Implications for stability, control and synchronization
Authors:   Department of physics, Lagos State University (LASU), Nigeria., Ogabi Cornelius , Shehu Tijani ,   Department of physics, Lagos State University (LASU), Nigeria., Idowu Babatunde ,   Department of physics, Lagos State University (LASU), Nigeria., Mustapha Rilwan ,   Department of Mathematics, Lagos State University (LASU), Nigeria., Kesinro Olasunkanmi ,   Department of physics, Lagos State University (LASU), Nigeria., Muhammad Shu’aibu ,   Department of physics, Lagos State University (LASU), Nigeria.
Published: August 2023

It has been widely observed that most deterministic dynamical systems go into chaos for some values of their parameters. One of the most popular and widely used criteria is the conditional Lyapunov exponents, which constitute average measurements of expansion or shrinkage of small displacements along the synchronized trajectory. The Lyapunov characteristic exponents play a crucial role in the description of the behaviour of dynamical systems as they can be used to analyse the stability limit sets and to check sensitive dependence on initial conditions, that is, the presence of chaotic attractors. In this paper, Lyapunov stability theory and linear matrix inequalities (LMI) are employed to design control functions for the respective, control, and synchronization of the chaotic and hyperchaotic finance systems. The designed linear matrix inequalities (LMI) nonlinear controllers are capable of stabilizing the chaotic and hyperchaotic finance systems at any position as well as controlling it to track any trajectory that is a smooth function of time. The respective chaotic attractors were found to have a moderate value of the largest Lyapunov exponents (0.874959 s^(-1) and 0.650847 s^(-1)) with associated (Lyapunov) dimensions of 1.00 and 2.00 for the chaotic and hyperchaotic finance systems respectively. Based on Lyapunov stability theory and linear matrix inequalities (LMI), some necessary and sufficient criteria for stable synchronous behaviour are obtained and an exact analytic estimate of the threshold coupling, k_th, for complete chaos synchronization is derived. Finally, numerical simulation results are presented to validate the feasibility of the theoretical analysis.
In-service Teachers' Perceptions of Teaching Speaking in English Language Classes
Authors: Bhandari Bhim Lal
Published: August 2023

Speaking is a significant productive language skill that can be acquired while studying English as a foreign language. It has been one of the main problems teachers have had to deal with. This article aims at exploring perceptions of in-service English language teachers and the problems they encounter in teaching speaking in English classes. For this purpose, I selected four English language instructors purposively from four public schools as research participants. An unstructured interview was employed to gather the necessary data for the purpose. The study was conducted using a narrative inquiry method and the social constructivism theoretical framework. The research findings showed that English language teachers had favourable perceptions about teaching speaking; however, teaching speaking was not satisfactory at the secondary level as it was neglected by the teachers. In addition, immediate correction by the teacher, their poor competency, lack of resources in schools, insufficient interaction with the students, and lack of co-relation between English and Nepali sounds in English were the major problems of speaking. Furthermore, the study implies that the learners need adequate exposure and regular training to the teachers in speaking. To guarantee the quality of the exam, physical facilities must be enhanced, and students' speaking abilities must be made effective through the reform of the current testing system. The study can be helpful in the improvement of teaching speaking skills in the context of Nepal.
Strategies Used in Translation of Brahmako Prayogshalabata
Authors: Ojha Jay Raj
Published: August 2023

Brahmako Prayogshalabata, a humorous essay by Bhairab Aryal, is rich in cultural terms and expressions. It may be a challenge for non Nepali readers as well as non-eastern Nepali readers to understand as this humorous essay has been written in eastern Nepali dialect. This essay has been translated in English by Govinda Raj Bhattarai thus his valued work of translation has eased the non Nepali readers as well non -eastern Nepali Readers for acquiring knowledge and insight of reading this essay. This paper aims to explore how the challenges of translating linguistic, pragmatics and cultural terms of native language have been solved while translating into another language. It has adopted corpus- based research design using secondary sources of data and qualitative approach for data analysis and interpretation in order to achieve the set objectives. This paper compares translation of title, words, chunks, culture -specific words and expressions. It concludes that challenges of linguistic, pragmatics and cultural issues can be solved by using the foreignising approach which entails borrowing and literal translation along with substitution, addition, omission, merging, chunking, and expansion of phrases.
Non-Linear Relationship Between Remittance Inflow and Inflation in Nepal: An NARDL Approach
Authors: Dangal Dil Nath , Pokhrel Aditya , Adhikari Renisha
Published: August 2023

This paper examines non-linear relationship between remittance inflow and inflation in Nepal on the basis of time series data. The Zivot unit-root testing, which permits a single substantial break in the model, the NARDL cointegration analysis, which was used to check for the presence of the structural break, and the examination of the long-run asymmetry connection were the econometric techniques used in the study. Findings of the study indicate being a long-term asymmetric cointegrating link between remittance inflow and inflation. It was found to be positive shocks of inflation subsequently increasing remittance inflow in Nepal. According to the asymmetric dynamic multiplier, the positive shock contributed more to raise inflation multiplier over time than that of the negative shock. The government of Nepal needs to develop a thorough plan for the efficient use of remittances initiating efficient policies. The findings of the study might be helpful to policymakers to create an effective plan for reducing inflation created by remittance inflows.
Application of Critical Discourse Analysis in a Poetic Text
Authors: Sharma Bam Dev
Published: August 2023

Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) has been one of the dominant research tools for textual analysis.It is mostly dealt through language and power relation in analysis as to how the surface of language embeds the power structural elements. In the beginning it was the part of Critical Linguistics and academic pursuits by Norman Flaircough (2010), Ruth Wodak (2006), Terry Lock (2004), Paul Gee (1999) and others expanded its horizons. As a result,several texts have been interpreted from the stand point of critical discourse analysis. Role of language, discourse, social interactions, ideology, power factors, and semiotic elements take account in the process of interpretation and explanation of a particular text. Based on the contextual premise, this article tries to explore how critical discourse analysis and how it is employed in the poetic text. For this purpose, this article analyzes a poem entitled " Shout" by Simon Armitage. Furthermore, the analytical approach consists of three dimensional components: The first is linguistic analysis, also known as textual analysis. The second is interpretative approach in which the text can be interpreted from social interactions as a form of discourse. And the third is explanatory in which the text can be interpreted from the perspective of power and ideology.
Speeds of Decay of Temperature Distribution in a Laterally Insulated Copper Bar
Authors: Pokhrel Puskar R.
Published: August 2023

Employing one-dimensional heat equation, speeds of decay of the temperature distribution in a laterally insulated copper bar are analyzed. Eigenfunctions and their corresponding Eigenvalues of the model equation are derived and analyzed with different period of time. The temperature distribution with given initial temperatures on copper bar in period of time are also analyzed. One-dimensional heat equation of a laterally insulated copper bar is also solved for examining and analyzing its temperature distribution Eigenfunction and corresponding Eigenvalues. Further, finite difference method is used to solve the temperature distribution numerically, and comparing its results with analytical solution.
नेपाली भाषामा व्याकरणात्मक परिवर्तन
Authors: निरौला यज्ञेश्वर
Published: August 2023

परम्परागत रूपमा रूपतŒव र वाक्यतŒव दुवैमा कालक्रममा देखापरेको परिवर्तन नै व्याकरणात्मक परिवर्तन हो । व्याकरणत्मक परिवर्तन ऐतिहासिक भाषाविज्ञानको महŒवपूर्ण अध्ययन क्षेत्र हो । व्याकरण, व्याकरणात्मक परिवर्तन, भाषिक परिवर्तन, व्याकरणीकरण, भाषाका विभिन्न पक्षको विश्लेषणका सन्दर्भहरू आदि ऐतिहासिक भाषाविज्ञान अध्ययनका आयामहरू हुन् । यी विभिन्न आयामहरूमध्ये यस शोधलेखमा नेपाली भाषामा देखिएको व्याकरणात्मक परिवर्तनलाई अध्ययनको विषयवस्तु बनाइएको छ । ऐतिहासिक भाषाविज्ञानको अध्ययनअन्तर्गत पर्ने हुनाले प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानमा वर्णनात्मक भाषाविज्ञानको अध्ययनका क्रममा हुने क्षेत्रीय पद्धतिबाट सामग्री सङ्कलन गरिएको छैन । इतिहासको समयक्रममा भएका भाषिक परिवर्तनका पक्षहरूमध्ये व्याकरणमा हुने परिवर्तनका सामग्रीलाई प्राथमिक सामग्रीका रूपमा प्रयोग गरिएको छ र उपलब्ध प्राथमिक सामग्रीलाई भाषिक परिवर्तनको सिद्धान्तका आधारमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यस शोधलेखको विश्लेषण खण्डमा लिङ्ग, वचन, पुरुष, आदर आदि व्याकरणात्मक कोटिमा भएको परिवर्तन र नेपाली भाषामा देखापरेका व्याकरण परिवर्तनको स्वरूप प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । प्राचीनकालीन नेपाली भाषाको स्वरूप, समयक्रममा व्याकरणिक क्षेत्रमा देखापरेको परिवर्तन र हाल नेपाली व्याकरणका विभिन्न कोटिहरूको अवस्थालाई निष्कर्षका रूपमा उल्लेख गरिएको छ ।
MRI Evaluation of Degenerative Lumbar Spine in Population Of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Ranabhat Nawaraj , Bhattarai Rakshya , Basnet Prasansa , Banjade Udaya Raj , Pande Shreebridhi , Sapkota Suhail , Sherpa Diki
Published: August 2023

Introduction:Low back pain is the most commonly encountered symptom, with approximately 80% of individuals experiencing at least one instance of back pain throughout their lifetime. Magnetic resonance imaging is widely regarded as a highly effective diagnostic tool for assessing different factors contributing to back pain.Methods:The study included all patients who had a history of chronic low back pain and were referred for Magnetic resonance imaging at the Radiology Department of Nobel Medical College between September 1, 2020, and September 1, 2021. These patients were suspected to have degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine.Results:A total of 120 patients were included in the study, with ages ranging from 28 to 81 years (mean: 53.38 ± 11.5 years). Among these patients, 64 individuals (53.3%) were females. The most common finding observed was disc desiccation, which was present in 115 patients (95.8%). The prevalence of degenerative findings increased with age, indicating a correlation between age and degenerative changes in the lumbar spine.Conclusions:The study's conclusion states that Magnetic resonance imaging is the most sensitive imaging technique for evaluating low back pain related to degenerative changes. The use of Magnetic resonance imaging is recommended due to its lack of known side effects, absence of radiation exposure, and noninvasive nature. It was found that various types of degenerative changes can be present in symptomatic patients aged over40.
Determining the Accuracy of MRI in Evaluation of Infective Vertebral Lesions
Authors: Banjade Udaya Raj , Kharel Laxmi , Shrestha Ashish , Ranabhat Nawaraj , Shahi Arun
Published: August 2023

Introduction:MRI is highly accurate in identifying vertebral anomalies by detecting even the smallest changes in water and fat components, making it the preferred method for assessing infectious lesions in the vertebral column. Clinical observations and different imaging properties can help with early diagnosis and treatment. Vertebral endplate destruction, changes in the signal intensity of intervertebral disc and bone marrow, and involvement of the soft tissues surrounding the vertebrae are typical MRI findings of infectious vertebral lesions.Methods:To determine the diagnostic accuracy of MRI in patients suspected of having infective vertebral lesions, a cross-sectional study was conducted involving 52 individuals. The study compared the validity of MRI diagnosis with the diagnosis obtained through CT-guided fine needle aspiration cytology for infective vertebral lesions.Results:By comparing the MRI diagnoses with those of fine needle aspiration cytological diagnosis of vertebral lesions, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPVs and NPVs), and ultimately diagnostic accuracy of MRI, were computed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of MRI diagnosis for infective vertebral lesions were 95.6%, 71.4%,95.6%, and 71.4%, respectively and 92.3% of diagnoses were made correctly overall.Conclusions:The finding of this study suggested that MRI should be considered to be the imaging modality of choice for patients with suspected infective vertebral lesions.
Overall assessment of Amritrai's personality
Authors: Bano Irshad
Published: August 2023

Amrit Rai has his own indelible identity as a strong advocate of progressive ideology in Hindi literature. He has played a special role in making progressive literature very rich. Vigilant creator Amrit Rai enriched Hindi literature by creating valuable creations in every genre of prose literature. His place is unmatched among the writers who portrayed the social reality of the era in his fiction. He was one of the pioneers of the progressive movement. As a unique creator of sarcastic expression, his creation affects not only for the Hindi world but for everyone because of its ideological concern.

Abstract in Hindi Language:

हिंदी साहित्य में प्रगतिशील विचारधारा के पुरजोर हिमायती रचनाकार के रूप में अमृतराय की अपनी अमिट पहचान है। उन्होंने प्रगतिवादी साहित्य को अत्यधिक समृद्ध बनाने में विशिष्ट भूमिका वहन की है। सजग रचनाकार अमृतराय ने गद्य साहित्य की प्रत्येक विधा में मूल्यवान सृजन कर हिदीं साहित्य को समृद्ध बनाया। युग के सामाजिक यर्थाथ को अपने कथा साहित्य में चित्रित करने वाले लेखकों में उनका स्थान अप्रतिम है। वे प्रगतिशील आन्दोलन के सूत्रधारों में अग्रणी रहे। व्यंग्यात्मक अभियव्यक्ति के बेजोड़ रचनाकार के रूप में उनका रचना संसार हिंदी दुनिया के लिए ही नहीं अपितु हर किसी के लिए अपने वैचारिक सरोकार के कारण प्रभावित करता है।

Keywords: हिंदी साहित्य, अमृतराय, प्रगतिवादी साहित्य, साहित्यकार।
Qualitative Analysis of Intern Applications and its Relationship to Performance
Authors: Gosnell Heather , Pegouske Madison P. , Lyon Shane D. , Diehl Kathryn A. , Creevy Kate E. , Fogelberg Katherine , Hofmeister Erik H.
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to identify qualitative aspects of small animal veterinary internship applications that are associated with relative intern performance. This study took place with data collected on small animal interns from the 2015–2016, 2016–2017, and 2017–2018 intern classes from four different institutions. Applicants were divided into top-performers and bottom-performers by sorting the calculated overall scores from highest to lowest, labeling the top half of interns as “top-performers,” and the lower half of interns as “bottom-performers.” Thematic analysis of the intern applications was conducted. Relationship skills and knowledge application were identified as themes in the top-performing interns but not in the bottom-performing interns. Veterinary experience, presentations, community service, research, and teaching were all seen more frequently in the top-performing interns. More top performers had characteristics of greatest strength of technical skills, professionalism, relationship skills, and teamwork. More bottom performers had characteristics of greatest strength of stress management, communication, and patient care. More top performers had characteristics that would benefit from targeted mentoring of leadership. More bottom-performers had characteristics that would benefit from targeted mentoring of technical skills, general knowledge, and self-awareness. In narrative comments, adaptability, and self-awareness were more commonly noted in the bottom-performers. Lack of confidence was noted as a theme in the bottom-performers, but not in the top-performers. Certain qualities of intern applications may be used to predict top- or bottom-performing interns.
Changing Perceptions of Veterinary Undergraduates to Module Re-Structuring as They Progress Through the Curriculum
Authors: Jahns Hanne , Cassidy Joseph P.
Published: August 2023

The evaluation of student and faculty opinions on curricular changes in veterinary medical education is an essential part of the quality assurance process. This study investigates if the perceived educational value of a newly introduced module (veterinary pathobiology) in the earlier stages of a veterinary curriculum changes as students progress into the later phases of their training. Data were collected by anonymous questionnaire from two sequential final year student cohorts in 2021 and 2022. These students had previously been surveyed on their views of the new integrated pathobiology module immediately after taking it in their third year. Within 2 years, student satisfaction with the module's learning objectives increased significantly. Final year students had much clearer appreciation of how this pedagogical innovation enhanced their learning and that this was particularly true of the case-based learning approach adopted. While faculty teaching these students in their final year clinical pathobiology rotation expressed the view that overall, student performance was no different when compared to previous years, this somewhat disappointing finding needed to be viewed in the context of the intervening COVID-19 pandemic where face-to-face teaching of students over many months had been severely curtailed as had student attendance of their extramural studies. This study confirms a positive effect of an integrated curricular intervention in veterinary undergraduate education and highlights the necessity of student evaluation at multiple time points as their perception of the value of such changes appears to be linked to their experience and expectations.
AULAS REMOTAS NA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO: ANÁLISE E PERCEPÇÕES SOBRE O USO DE METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS EM COMPONENTE CURRICULAR OFERTADO DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Bezerra de Oliveira José Antônio , Pereira Alba Flora , Lins Muniz de Melo Santos Marcelo , Basto Levay Lage Paula , Smith Cavalcante Patrícia
Published: August 2023

O presente estudo visou refletir sobre um percurso didático, desenvolvido a partir do uso de metodologias ativas, realizado em um componente curricular de pós-graduação no cenário da educação digital diante da situação pandêmica da Covid-19 iniciada em 2020. As abordagens didáticas aconteceram de modo remoto e as docentes responsáveis pelo referido componente curricular submeteram os discentes a experienciarem variadas formas de ensinar-aprender. As estratégias utilizadas geraram, nos discentes, criticidade, reflexões e tomada de decisões nos estudos sobre os tipos de métodos de pesquisa em educação, tema central do componente. Nesta direção, verifica-se que as interações docente-discente e discente-discente ocasionadas pelas atividades propostas pareceram ter contribuído de forma positiva para a formação dos discentes, indicando que o ensino remoto, com articulação e planejamento docente adequados e mediados por tecnologias e metodologias ativas, pode promover aprendizagens mais significativas.
ANÁLISE DO ENGAJAMENTO E DA APRENDIZAGEM NO ENSINO POR INSTRUÇÃO DIRETA COMBINADO COM TAREFAS INVESTIGATIVAS.
Authors: Maria Monteiro Souto Valéria , Mourão Júnior Carlos Alberto , Hohl Rodrigo
Published: August 2023

Análise do aprendizado e do engajamento após uma sequência didática (SD) de ensino por instrução direta combinado com tarefas investigativas (EIDI, n= 58) comparada com outra SD de ensino por instrução direta (EID, n= 80), exclusivamente. As duas SD com 5 aulas de 45 minutos sobre a digestão dos alimentos foram aplicadas para estudantes do ensino médio durante as aulas de biologia. Na terceira aula, a EIDI apresentou um estudo de caso clínico e a EID trabalhou conteúdo similar de forma expositiva. Foi aplicada uma avaliação sobre conceitos básicos da digestão com uma questão de transcendência para avaliar a competência na resolução de um problema inédito. Um questionário foi aplicado para avaliar a satisfação em relação às tarefas. O engajamento foi registrado em caderno de campo. Houve engajamento e nível de satisfação semelhantes para as duas SD. Não houve diferença significativa nas notas da avaliação (p> 0,05). Todavia, houve maior porcentagem de acerto na questão de transcendência (p< 0,001) na EIDI (87%) em relação a EID (30%). Concluímos que o EID foi eficiente para consolidar conceitos elementares sobre a digestão dos alimentos, mas a inclusão de tarefas investigativas é recomendável para aprimorar a habilidade na resolução de problemas inéditos.
FERRAMENTAS DIGITAIS NO ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Da Silva Becati Igor , Messias Moreira Alessandro , Augusto dos Santos Gomes Celso , Carlos Vieira Guedes Luiz , De Souza Guimarães Júnior Ernani
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho analisa o uso das ferramentas digitais no ensino superior por professores de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior. Tal abordagem se faz necessária no cenário da pandemia de coronavírus, em que o formato das aulas migrou ao remoto de forma emergencial. O objetivo do estudo é identificar comportamentos dos professores no uso de estratégias metodológicas envolvendo ferramentas digitais antes, durante e uma perspectiva para o pós-pandemia, além de evidenciar qual o impacto da necessidade de migrar para as aulas virtuais na prática docente, na concepção, aplicação e continuação em cenários pós-pandemia. O estudo de natureza aplicada possui a intencionalidade de descrever os fatos observados, com posterior análise de discurso que configura como qualitativa. Tal objetivo será obtido por meio da revisão bibliográfica, bem como a aplicação de um questionário on-line auto declarativo entre docentes de uma IES do interior do Estado de MG. A pesquisa demonstrou que o uso de recursos tecnológicos e digitais, para usos acadêmicos, já era uma realidade na instituição em questão, no entanto, viu-se que o formato remoto trouxe mais autonomia e evidenciou que é uma preocupação constante entre os professores a busca pela atualização de conhecimentos. 

Palavras-chave: Ensino remoto. TDICs. Metodologia. Ensino Superior. COVID.