bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of nitrogen schedule and management on yield of late-sown wheat (Triticum aestivum) in rice–wheat system
Authors: VIPIN KUMAR  , B.P. DHYANI  , U.P. SHAHI  , SATENDRA KUMAR  , Ashok Kumar  , AKANSHA SINGH
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) season of 2016–17 at the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, to evaluate the effect of nitrogen level and its schedule on late-sown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop. The soil of the experimental field was well-drained, sandy loam, alkaline (pH 7.80), low in available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus and potassium with an electrical conductivity 0.25 d/Sm. Eleven treatments comprising control, recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) for timely as well as late-sown wheat (variety ‘PBW 226’) with different application schedule were tested in randomized block design with 3 replications. Growth parameters were significantly better in the treatments where major portion of N was applied during early growth period. The highest grain yield and harvest index were recorded in T8 treatment where 60% of recommended N in accordance to timely sown wheat was applied at sowing. This treatment was found statistically similar to T4 , [RDN for timely sown wheat 150 kg N in 2 split-50% N basal and 50% at crown-root initiation (CRI)], T6 (RDN for timely sown wheat 150 kg N in 3 splits-60% N basal, 30% at CRI and 10% at tillering) and T10 (RDN for timely sown wheat 150 kg N in 3 splits-60% N basal, 34% at CRI and 2% urea spray at tillering). Growth and yield-attributing characters were comparatively higher in T8 treatment. Available nutrients in soil after harvesting of wheat were found variable under different treatments.
Evaluation of fertilizer doses under different planting methods of rice (Oryza sativa) in west central table land zone of Odisha
Authors: S. MOHAPATRA  , S.K. TRIPATHY  , A.K. MOHANTY
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during 2017–18 and 2018–19 at Chiplima, Sambalpur under West Central Table Land Zone of Odisha, to evaluate fertilizer doses under different planting methods in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The values of growth contributing characters like plant height, effective tillers/plant, and leaf-area index increased significantly under mechanical transplanting followed by system rice intensification (SRI) and drum seeding methods. The maximum grain yield, straw yield and benefit : cost (B: C) ratio were recorded with mechanical transplanting (6.5, 7.5 t/ha and 2.6) followed by SRI technique (6.3, 7.2 t/ha and 2.3) and were lowest with manual method of random transplanting (4.6, 5.3 t/ha and 1.8). Application of 120-60-60 kg N-P2O5 -K2 O/ha increased the panicle length (24.8 cm), filled grains/panicle (155), grain (8 t/ha) and straw (9.2 t/ha) yield and nutrient uptake by grain (113.3, 32.5 and 116.6 kg N, P and K/ha), being higher than the values obtained under soil test based fertilizer application, i.e. 100-50-40 kg N-P2 O5 -K2 O/ha.
Effect of tillage on productivity and soil quality on diversified maize (Zea mays) based cropping system
Authors: SEEMA SEPAT  , R.S. BANA  , DINESH KUMAR
Published: December 2023

An experiment was conducted during 2015–16, 2016–17 and 2017–18 at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to assess the yield advantage and net returns under conservation agricultural practices. The experiment was conducted in a split-plot design with 4 tillage systems, viz. conventional tillage (CT), CT + residues at 3 t/ha, zero tillage (ZT) and ZT+ residues at 3 t/ha in main plots, and 3 crop rotations viz., maize (Zea mays L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), maize–fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graccum L.) and maize–vegetable peas (Pisum sativum L.) in sub-plots with 3 replications. Maize yield and system productivity were found at par with ZT + residue at 3 t/ha (5.08 and 10.30 t/ha) and CT + residue at 3 t/ha (4.69 and 9.62 t/ha). A higher values of soilbulk density was recorded under ZT and ZT + residue treatments at 3 t/ha at 0–5 cm soil depth at the end of the study period. Maize–fenugreek and maize–vegetable peas gave the higher maize yield in 2015 and 2016. The highest net returns were found in maize–vegetable peas than maize–wheat system.
Effective management practices for enhancing castor (Ricinus communis) productivity in dryland agriculture
Authors: B.S. PARMAR  , N.I. PATEL  , BRIJAL R. PATEL  , JAYDIP MAKWANA  , FORAM K. PATEL
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2016, 2017 and 2018 at Centre for Natural Resources Management, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, to study the effect of land configurations and mulching on productivity and rainwater-use efficiency of castor (Ricinus communis L.). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 4 replications in loamy sand soil, having goodinfiltration capacity. The treatment comprised, viz. control (conventional method), raised-bed method, ridge and furrow method, ditch method, conventional method with castor-shell mulch, conventional method with plastic mulch, raised-bed with castor-shell mulch, raised bed with plastic mulch, ridge and furrow method with castor-shell mulch, ridge and furrow method with plastic mulch, ditch method with castor-shell mulch, ditch method with plastic mulch. The results of pooled data of 3 years showed that, the conventional method with plastic mulch resulted in higher seed yield (1,943 kg/ha), followed by ridge and furrow method with castor-shell mulch and conventional method with castor-shell mulch. However, the higher rainwater-use efficiency (3.57 kg/ha-mm of water) was observed in the treatment of raised bed with plastic mulch. The magnitude of increase in seed yield in conventional method with castor-shell mulch over the control was 56.74% on pooled basis. Thus, use of castor-shell mulch or crop-residue as low-priced input in dryland farming may be encouraged for enhanced in-situ moisture conservation, castor-grain yield and rainwater-use efficiency.
Effect of tillage and weed management on performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in sequence with greengram (Vigna radiata)
Authors: P.C. CHOUDHARY  , A.R. SHARMA
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted at the research farm of the Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh during 2019–20, to study the effect of tillage and weed-management practices on the performance of wheat, (Triticum aestivum L.) grown after greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek). Zero-till sowing of wheat significantly improved grain yield compared with conventional tillage (CT) but retention of greengram residue along with ZT did not prove beneficial over ZT alone. Pendimethalin applied as pre-emergence was not beneficial as the field was mostly infested with broad-leaf weeds. However, sulfosulfuron applied as post-emergence provided complete control of all weeds, which led to 21.5% higher yield than the unweeded control. Lower cost of cultivation and energy input under ZT led to higher net benefit: cost (B : C) and energy ratio compared with CT.
Response of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) variety Pusa Arhar 16 to different row spacing and intercropping systems
Authors: RAJAN MAINI  , KANWALJIT SINGH SANDHU
Published: December 2023

The experiment was conducted at Students Research Farm, Khalsa College, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, during the rainy (kharif) season of 2020–21, to study the effect of different row spacing and intercropping systems on growth and yield of ‘Pusa Arhar 16’ pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]. Results showed that, number of branches/plant and yield attributes were significantly higher under 100 cm × 20 cm than in 50 cm × 20 cm, while the seed yield of pigeonpea (1.41 tonnes/ha) and pigeonpea-equivalent yield (1.78 tonnes/ha) were found significantly higher under narrow spacing 50 cm × 20 cm than wider spacing, i.e., 100 cm × 20 cm (1.02 and 1.33 tonnes/ha). Higher net returns (80.4 × 103 `/ha) and benefit: cost (B : C) ratio (4.08) were recorded in 50 cm × 20 cm than in 75 cm × 20 cm (73.4 × 103 `/ha and 3.84) and 100 cm × 20 cm (53.9 × 103 `/ha and 3.10). Among the different intercropping systems, pigeonpea + pearlmillet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] fodder gave the maximum pigeonpea-equivalent yield of 1.85 tonnes/ha, being superior to 1.31 tonnes/ha in sole pigeonpea and 1.38 tonnes/ha of pigeonpea + fingermillet, while it was at par with pigeonpea + greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] (1.80 tonnes/ha). Pigeonpea + pearlmillet fodder fetched higher net returns (84.8 × 103 `/ha) and B : C (4.25) ratio among the different intercropping systems.
Performance of celery (Apium graveolens) in response to the combined effects of vermicompost and different vermiwash
Authors: Y.P. ARJUNE  , S. GOMATHINAYAGAM  , S. JAIKISHUN  , R. GUPTA  , A. ANSARI
Published: December 2023

A field study was carried out during the dry season of 2020 at the University of Guyana, Guyana, South America, to determine the combined effects of vermicompost and vermiwash produced from lemongrass [Cymbopogon citratus Staph (DC.)], moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.), madar (Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) straw on growth parameters of celery (Apium graveolens L.) as compared to chemical fertilizer. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with 10 treatments and 3 replications. Plant-growth parameters showed that, treatment T1 (vermicompost + vermiwash + madar) recorded the highest plant height (61.0 cm) and percentage water content (92.5). Physico-chemical analysis after harvesting showed the highest nitrogen (14.5 mg/L), phosphorus (703.9 mg/L) and potassium (1326.2 mg/L) levels in the soil of treatment with vermicompost + vermiwash + madar (T1).
Influence of crop-establishment methods and weed-management practices on weeding efficiency and productivity of basmati rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: ANURADHA SAHA  , VIJAY BHARTI
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted on sandy clay loam soil at the research farm of Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Jammu, Chatha, Jammu and Kashmir during the rainy (kharif) season of 2016 and 2017, to study the response of different establishment methods and weed management practices on basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment comprising 3 establishment methods and 5 weed-management practices with 3 replications was laid in split-plot design. Among establishment methods, system of rice intensification (SRI) though at par with conventional transplanted rice (CTR) showed significant reduction in weed population, weed dry weight and nutrient uptake by weeds at 40 and 60 days after transplanting (DAT) over direct seeded rice (DSR). Likewise, for weed-management practices, application of pendimethalin 1 kg a.i./ha as preemergence (for DSR) or butachlor 1.5 kg/ha as pre-emergence (for CTR) followed by (fb) bispyribac sodium at 25 g a.i./ha at 25 DAS/DAT recorded significantly lower weed density (no./m2 ), weed biomass (g/m2 ) at 40 and 60 DAS/DAT and weed nutrient uptake at 60 DAS/DAT. However, this treatment was at par with pendimethalin 1 kg a.i./ha as pre-emergence (for DSR) or butachlor 1.5 kg/ha as pre-emergence (for CTR) fb 2 mechanical weedings at 20 and 40 DAS/DAT. The same treatment recorded the highest weed-control efficiency (75.28%). Plant height and number of tillers at 60 DAS/DAT and at harvesting effective tillers/m2 , filled grains/panicle, 1,000ˆgrain weight (g) as well as grain and straw yields were significantly higher in SRI over DSR, but at par with CTR. Pendimethalin 1 kg a.i./ha as pre-emergence (for DSR) or butachlor 1.5 kg/ha as pre-emergence (for CTR) fb 2 mechanical weedings at 20 and 40 DAS/DAT recorded significantly higher values over other treatments but at par with pendimethalin 1 kg a.i./ha as pre-emergence (for DSR) or butachlor 1.5 kg/ha as pre-emergence (for CTR) fb bispyribac sodium at 25 g a.i./ha at 25 DAS/DAT for plant height at 60 DAS/DAT, and at harvesting for effective tillers/m2, filled grains/panicle, 1,000-grain weight (g) as well as grain and straw yields. The SRI resulted in the highest net returns (`74,810/ha) and benefit: cost (B:C) ratio (1.63) among the establishment methods, whereas pendimethalin 1 kg a.i./ha as pre-emergence (for DSR) or butachlor 1.5 kg/ha as pre-emergence (for CTR) fb 2 mechanical weedings at 20 and 40 DAS/DAT among the weed-management methods fetched the highest net returns (`60,639/ha) and B : C ratio (1.36).
Effect of seed priming and plant geometry on productivity and profitability of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in modified system of wheat intensification under subtropical conditions of Jammu
Authors: JYOTI SHARMA  , B.C. SHARMA  , R. PUNIYA  , ANIL KUMAR  , AMIT MAHAJAN  , RAKESH KUMAR
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) seasons of 2018–19 and 2019–20 at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Chatha, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, to evaluate the effect of seed priming and plant geometry on productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in modified system of wheat intensification under subtropical conditions of Jammu. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 3 replications. The treatments comprised different combinations of primed and un-primed wheat seed sown at 4 different plant geometries (20 cm × 5 cm, 20 × 10 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm and 20 × 20 cm) along with conventional sown wheat. The results indicated that, primed seed sown at plant geometry of 20 cm × 5 cm exhibited significantly higher number of tillers/m2 (346.9), dry-matter accumulation (167.4 g), ears/m2 (359.3), grain yield (5.25t/ha) and straw yield (6.49t/ha) which was at par with the primed wheat seed sown at plant geometry of 20 cm × 10 cm and conventional sowing of primed seed. However, with respect to mean grain and straw yields, the primed seed sown at plant geometry of 20 cm × 5 cm registered 23.87 and 20.43% increment in grain and straw yield over conventional sowing of wheat. Further, the conventional sowing of primed seed recorded the highest net returns (`85,874/ha) and benefit : cost ratio (3.28).
Effect of enriched organic formulations on productivity and profitability of baby corn (Zea mays)–kabuli gram (Cicer arietinum)–vegetable cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cropping system in a semi-arid agro-ecology
Authors: KAMAL GARG  , SHIVA DHAR  , ANCHAL DASS  , V.K. SHARMA  , RAJENDRA PRASAD MEENA  , SHANTI DEVI BAMBORIYA
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during 2020–21 and 2021–22 at the research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, to evaluate the productivity and profitability of baby corn (Zea mays L.)–kabuli gram (Cicer arietinum L.)–vegetable cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] cropping system as influenced by enriched organic formulations. Seven nutrient sources, viz. control, 100% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through FYM, 100% RDN through improved rice residue compost (RRC), 100% RDN through paddy husk ash (PHA)-enriched FYM, 75% RDN through paddy husk ash (PHA)-enriched FYM, 100% RDN through potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) peel compost (PPC)-enriched FYM and 75% RDN through potato peel compost (PPC)- enriched FYM were tested in randomized block design with 3 replications. Results showed that, application of 100% RDN through paddy husk ash (PHA)-enriched FYM gave significantly highest yield of baby corn (1.6 and 1.6 t/ha corn, 8.7 and 8.8 t/ha cob and 25.6 and 26.4 t/ha green fodder), kabuli gram (2.8 and 2.9 t/ha seed and 4.4 and 4.5 t/ha stover) and vegetable cowpea (10.9 and 11.0 t/ha green pod and 24.4 and 24.9 t/ha stover), followed by 100% RDN through potato peel compost (PPC)-enriched FYM and FYM during both the years of study. System productivity in terms of baby corn-equivalent yield (BCEY) was significantly higher under 100% RDN through paddy husk ash (PHA)-enriched FYM (8.7 and 9.0 t/ha) during both the years. This treatment resulted in statistically highest net returns (` 553.6 × 103 /ha and ` 567.8 × 103 /ha) and benefit : cost ratio (5.0 and 4.9) during 2020– 21 and 2021–22, respectively, and remained at par with 100% RDN through potato peel compost (PPC)-enriched FYM and FYM during both the years.
Influence of nutrient-management practices on crop-growth indices, soil fertility and yield of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)–gobhi sarson (Brassica napus subspecies napus) cropping system under north-west Himalayan region
Authors: BRINDER SINGH  , A.P. SINGH  , VIKAS GUPTA  , VIKAS ABROL  , JAI KUMAR  , PERMENDRA SINGH  , VIJAY KUMAR  , SUNNY RAINA
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy (kharif) and winter (rabi) seasons of 2015–16 and 2016–17 at Research Farm, Advanced Centre for Rainfed Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Rakh Dhiansar, J&K, UT to study the effect of integrated nutrient-management practices on growth and yield of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]–gobhi sarson (Brassica napus subspecies napus) cropping system under rainfed conditions. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 3 replications and 8 treatments. The treatments were applied in the kharif season and the residual effects studied in the rabi season. Application of 100% NPK (inorganic) resulted in statistically higher grain and stover yields of pearl millet, being 79.6 and 53.9% higher than control respectively. Among the integrated nutrient management (INM) treatments, 75% N (inorganic) + 25% N (vermicompost) showed significantly higher grain and stover yields, followed by statistically similar treatment 50% N (inorganic) + 50% N (vermicompost) and 75% N (inorganic) + 25% N (FYM). In gobhi sarson, treatment 100% N (vermicompost) applied in pearl millet crop resulted in statistically higher grain and stover yields which was statistically similar with treatment 100% N (FYM). The highest nutrient-use efficiency, recovery efficiency, factor productivity for applied N value and agronomic efficiency were recorded in 100% NPK (inorganic) which was followed by 75% N inorganic + 25% N (vermicompost); however, the lowest values of these indices were observed in 100% N (FYM).
Effect of cow-based bio-enhancers and botanicals on yield, yield attributes and economics of soybean (Glycine max) and their residual effect on wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: POOJA  , P.K. CHOVATIA  , SUDHANSHU VERMA  , SWATI SWAYAMPRABHA PRADHAN  , R.P. MEENA
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during 2018–19 and 2019–20 at Instructional Farm, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, to study the effect of cow based bio-enhancers and botanicals on productivity and profitability of soybean [Glycine max. (L.) Merr.] and their residual effect on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized-block design with 12 treatment combinations of compost, botanicals and bioenhancers, including 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) and replicated thrice. Significantly highest number of pods/plant (59.33), seeds/pod (3.83), test weight (14.77), seed yield (2.50 t/ha), stover yield (3.08 t/ha) and harvest index (44.8%) of soybean were recorded with application of 100% RDF, i.e. 30, 60 and 0 kg N, P and K/ha, followed by application of vermicompost @ 4 t/ha and application of farmyard manure @ 10 t/ha. Similarly, findings of wheat experiment under residual fertility revealed that, the significantly highest spikelets/spike (13.17), grains/ spike (34.33), 1,000-grain volume (42.83 ml), 1,000-grains weight (50.83 g), grain yield (3.90 t/ha) and straw yield (6.95 t/ha) of wheat were recorded with application vermicompost @ 4 t/ha followed by FYM @ 10 t/ha and vermicompost @ 2 t/ha + Panchgavya @ 3% as foliar spray at 30 and 60 days after sowing (DAS). The highest net profit (`129,694/ha) and benefit : cost ration (4.53) were recorded with application of FYM @ 5 t/ha + Panchgavya @ 3% as foliar spray at 30 and 60 DAS.
Effect of sowing schedules and crop geometry on photo-thermal energy utilization and productivity of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) in Jammu region
Authors: RAJEEV BHARAT  , MEENAKSHI GUPTA  , VIKAS GUPTA  , RAHUL GUPTA
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted at the research farm of Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir during the winter (rabi) season of 2014–15 and 2015–16, to study the effect of different dates of sowing and planting geometries on photo-thermal energy utilization and productivity of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj.] var. ‘Giriraj’. Results revealed that the crop sown on 15 October showed significant increase in yield attributes, viz. siliquae/plant (276.5), seeds/siliqua (17.2), test weight (3.54) and seed yield (1.31 t/ha) besides concomitant increase in utilization of thermal energy envisaged through accumulated growing degree-days (1671.2 oC/day), helio-thermal units (9,336.6 oC/day/hr) and photo-thermal units (17,859.7 oC/day/hr) as well as heat-use efficiency (HUE) of seed (0.783 kg/ha/oC/day) and biological yield (3.35 kg/ha/oC/day) as compared to the other dates of sowing. Seed yield of Indian mustard declined progressively with advancement in sowing beyond 15 October. However, among the different planting geometries, the maximum average seed yield (1.14 t/ha) was observed at planting geometry of 30 cm × 10 cm, being at par with 30 cm × 20 cm spacing but significantly higher than the other planting geometries to the tune of 11.1, 17.2 and 23.7% over the spacings 30 cm × 30 cm, 45 cm × 15 cm and 45 cm × 30 cm, respectively. The heat-use efficiency of seed and biological yield was found higher in earlier-sown Indian mustard and decreased progressively with delayed sowing.
Enhancement of productivity, water- and nutrient use efficiency and economics through drip fertigation and tray seedlings in FCV tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) under irrigated Alfisols of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: S.V. KRISHNA REDDY  , C.C.S. RAO  , S. KASTURI KRISHNA
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive seasons (2014–16) and a bulk trial for one year (2016– 17) at ICAR-Central Tobacco Research Institute Research station, Jeelugumilli, West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh under semi arid tropical climate to study the effect of different combinations of drip irrigation, furrow irrigation, tray seedlings, normal seedlings, drip ferti-gation and soil application of fertilizers at 3rd, 25–30, 40–45 days after planting or 10, 25–30, 40–45 days after planting, on green leaf yield (GLY), cured lead yield (CLY), grade index (GI), leaf nicotine and reducing sugars, water- and fertilizer use efficiency as well as economics in FCV tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The experiment was laid out in a RBD with five replications, nine treatment combinations and was conducted with specified treatments for the first two years and bulk plots during the following year. Two separate plots, viz. N0 P26.2K99.6 (T10) and N120P26.2K0 (T11) were grown for comparison and calculation of N and K use efficiencies during the first two years. T4 (drip irrigation, tray seedlings, drip fertigation at 3rd, 20–25 and 40–45 DAP) and T2 (drip irrigation, tray seedlings, drip ferti-gation at 10, 25–30 and 40–45 DAP) recorded increased GLY by 23.87, 16.95, CLY by 16.67, 13.83 and GI by 23.43, 21.46% during first and second years, respectively and also higher leaf nicotine when compared to furrow irrigation, normal seedlings, soil application of fertilizers (T9 ) i.e. farmers practice. N, P, K uptake and nitrogen and potassium use efficiencies under different treatments were evaluated. Bulk plots grown with tray seedlings, drip irrigation and drip fertigation accrued additional profit of `25,285, benefit: cost ratio of 1.82, WUE of 11.74 kg of cured leaf/ ha-mm of water as compared to 5.77 kg of cured leaf/ha-mm in normal seedlings, furrow irrigation and soil application of fertilizers. Only 57.2% of total quantity of furrow irrigation is required for drip irrigation and there is 203.5% increase in WUE with drip irrigation as compared to furrow irrigation.
Influence of phosphorus and zinc fertilization on growth and yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) in the semi-arid region of Rajasthan
Authors: SANJU KUMAWAT  , DINESH JINGER  , GANESH YADAV
Published: December 2023

An experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) seasons of 2015–16 and 2016–17 at Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Durgapura, Rajasthan, to study the effect of phosphorus and zinc fertilization on the growth and productivity of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Four levels of phosphorus (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P2 O5 /ha) and 6 levels of zinc and zinc solubilizer [0, 2.5 and 5.0 kg Zn/ ha, zinc solubilizer (Bacillus endophyticus), 2.5 kg Zn/ha + zinc solubilizer and 5 kg Zn/ha + zinc solubilizer were tested in split-plot design with 3 replications. Application of 40 kg P2 O5 /ha and 5 kg Zn/ha + zinc solubilizer resulted in significant increase in plant height, dry-matter accumulation, effective root nodules, leaf-area index, different yield attributes and yield of fenugreek. Application of 60 kg P2 O5 /ha increased the seed yield of fenugreek by 33% during 2015–16 and 40% during 2016–17 over the control. Zinc fertilization @ 5 kg Zn/ha + zinc solubilizer increased seed yield of fenugreek by 24% during 2015–16, while the increase was 27% during 2016–17 over the control.
Effect of sowing date and inter-row annual legume green-manuring on growth, yield and quality of desi cotton (Gossypium arboreum)
Authors: BALWANT SINGH  , R.N. MEENA  , ASHVIN KUMAR MEENA  , KAMLESH MEENA  , A. AKASH  , R. MEENA  , SANJAY KUMAR
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy (kharif) season of 2018 at the Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, to study the effect of sowing date and inter-row annual legume green-manuring on desi cotton (Gossypium arboreum L). The experiment comprised 5 sowing dates, viz. 20 April, 5 May, 20 May, 5 June, 20 June, in main plot and 4 inter-row legume green-manuring, viz. dhaincha [Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) Wight], sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] and cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] in subplot. The results indicated that, growth parameters, yield attributes and quality parameters were found maximum in desi cotton when sown on 20 April and minimum when sown on 20 June. Amongst inter-row legume green-manuring, sunnhemp resulted in significantly maximum growth, yield and quality parameters. Thus, desi cotton sown on 20 April with inter-row legume green-manuring of sunnhemp was found better for improving the growth, yield and quality.
Nitrogen and cutting management of dual-purpose barley (Hordeum vulgare) varieties for their production potential and profitability
Authors: MAYA YADAV  , O.P. MEENA  , L.R. YADAV  , A.C. SHIVRAN  , K.K. MEENA  , M.R. YADAV  , PARTIBHA SINGH  , R.K. MEENA
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) season of 2016–17 and 2017–18 at Research Farm, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Jaipur (Rajasthan), to study the effect of nitrogen and cutting management on production, potential and profitability of dual-purpose barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties. The experiment consisted of 24 treatment combinations, comprising of 4 levels of cutting management, i.e. 0, 40, 50 and 60 days after sowing (DAS), 2 varieties, viz. ‘RD 2552’ and ‘RD 2715’, and 3 levels of nitrogen, i.e. 100, 125 and 150% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN), laid out in a factorial randomized block design, replicated thrice. The maximum green fodder yield (26.30 t/ha) and protein content (8.34%) were noticed when cutting was done at 60 DAS, whereas the highest net returns (` 74,447/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.02) were recorded at 50 DAS. The highest fodder yield (16.55 t/ha) was recorded with ‘RD 2715’, while the highest net returns (` 68,002/ ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.92) were obtained in variety ‘RD 2552’. Nitrogen fertilization of 125% RDN to barley recorded significantly higher grain and straw yields, crude protein and benefit: cost ratio.
Effect of varieties and nitrogen levels on growth indices of malt barley (Hordeum vulgare) under saline water irrigation
Authors: AMANDEEP KAUR  , SATYAVAN
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi)season of 2017–18 and 2018–19 at the Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, to study the effect of saline water irrigation on growth indices in 4 varieties (‘BH 902’, ‘BH 946’, ‘BH 885’ and ‘DWRB 101’) of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) at different nitrogen levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha). The results showed that, during early growth period both 6-row barley varieties ‘BH 902’ and ‘BH 946’ recorded significantly higher crop-growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), specific leaf weigth (SLW) and leaf-area duration (LAD) than both 2-row barley varieties ‘BH 885’ and ‘DWRB 101’, whereas ‘BH 885’ and ‘DWRB 101’ varieties attained higher values of RGR and NAR after 90 days after sowing (DAS). The CGR and LAD recorded maximum values between 61 and 90 DAS, while RGR and NAR showed the highest values up to 30 DAS irrespective of varieties and nitrogen levels. Application of 90 kg N/ ha significantly enhanced the CGR up to 90 DAS, RGR up to 30 DAS and LAD up to 120 DAS, while NAR values were significantly increased up to 60 DAS with 30 kg N/ha and SLW up to 90 DAS with 60 kg N/ha. The RGR, NAR and SLW were significantly decreased with the application of different nitrogen levels between 91 and 120 DAS as compared to the control. The variety ‘BH 946’ gave the highest grain yield of 5.15 t/ha, being 5.1, 7.3 and 14.7% higher than ‘DWRB 101’, ‘BH 902’ and ‘BH 885’, respectively. Different varieties responded to N application only up to 60 kg/ha. Grain yield of barley was positively correlated with CGR, SLW and LAD but negatively with RGR.
Residual effect of maize (Zea mays) + blackgram (Vigna mungo) intercropping on growth, factor productivity and resource-use efficiency of succeeding wheat (Triticum aestivum) under integrated crop management
Authors: T. VARATHARAJAN  , ANCHAL DASS  , ANIL K. CHOUDHARY  , V. POONIYA  , T.K. DAS  , SHIVA DHAR  , AYE AYE SAN
Published: December 2023

A 2-year field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) season of 2019–20 and 2020–21 at the ICAR– Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study residual effect of the preceding blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) intercropped maize (Zea mays L.) on succeeding wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth, factory productivity, resource-use efficiency, and yields. The treatments consisting of 9 integrated crop management (ICM) variants allotted to mainplots and 2 cropping systems (maize–wheat; maize+blackgram–wheat) in subplots, were replicated thrice in a split-plot design. Different combinations of tillage, crop-establishment patterns, integrated nutrient, weed, pest, and disease management were used to create the integrated crop management (ICM) treatments. The conservation agriculture (CA) embedded ICM, viz. ICM7 , Zero-till + Permanent raised beds + maize crop-residue retention at 3 t/ha + 100% RDF + Glypho-PP fb Sulf+Met at PoE + 4 irrigations of 45 mm each + Need-based IDM/ IPM recorded significantly higher growth (99.9 cm), dry-matter accumulation (1127 g/m2), growth indices (crop growth rate 18.1 g/m2 /day), production (37.5 kg/ha/day)-, monetary (627.8 INR/ha/day)-efficiencies, irrigation water productivity (2.57 kg/m3) and wheat grain yield (5.57 t/ha). While conventional tillage (CT)-based treatments recorded significantly higher partial factor productivity (57.2, 265.8, 206.6 kg grain/kg of applied N, P and K respectively). The succeeding wheat crop benefited significantly from the residual effect of preceding blackgram intercropping in terms of growth, resource-use efficiency (irrigation water productivity, 2.07 kg/m3) and productivity (5.16 t/ha). The factor productivity, resource-use efficiency, grain yield of wheat under CA-based ICM can be enhanced by preceding blackgram + maize intercropping.
Application of zinc and iron for higher productivity and agronomic use efciency of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) varieties
Authors: GANAJAXI MATH  , A.G. VIJAYAKUMAR  , GURUPAD BALOL  , VINITA
Published: December 2023

An experiment was conducted during the winter season of 2017–18 and 2018–19 at the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka to evaluate the effect of Zn and Fe on productivity and agronomic use efficiency of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). In this experiment, 2 varieties of chickpea were applied with Zn and Fe through foliage in the form of sulphates at different stages and also tested with the application to soil and via a seed treatment. Variety ‘GBM 2’ gave higher yield, Zn and Fe content in seed than ‘JG 11’. However, ‘JG 11’ was more efficient in using native Zn and Fe, as it had shown higher Zn and Fe agronomic efficiency under all the methods compared to ‘GBM 2’. Foliar application of Zn and Fe proved better method of application than soil application or seed treatment of Zn or individual application of Zn or Fe. Yield increase was 20.2 and 19.35% higher in foliar application of Zn and Fe over the control respectively, in 2017–18 and 2018–19. Foliar application of Zn with Fe recorded 22.29 and 11.30% higher Zn accumulation in seed over soil application of micronutrients in 2017–18 and 2018–19 respectively.
Integrated weed management in wheat under conservation agriculture-based maize-wheat-mungbean system
Authors: ABHISEK SWAIN  , KAPILA SHEKHAWAT  , S.S. RATHORE  , PRAVIN K. UPADHYAY  , SOUMYADARSHI MUDULI
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was conducted on integrated weed management in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under conservation agriculture-based maize (Zea mays L.)–wheat–mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] system during the winter (rabi) season of 2020–2021 at the ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. The experiment was carried out in a split-plot design, with 4 main plots having different establishment techniques, viz. conventional tillage (CT)–wheat, zero tillage (ZT)–wheat, ZT–wheat with previous brown manuring in maize and stale seed bed (SSB)–ZT wheat; and 4 subplots, viz. unweeded check, weed-free check, 1 hand-weeding at 25 days after sowing (DAS) and clodinafop-propargyl (60 g/ha) + carfentazone (20 g/ha) as tank-mix at 25–30 DAS. The results revealed that, the yield attributes and yield of wheat were significantly influenced by the weed-management practices under different establishment techniques. The establishment method, ZT–wheat with brown manuring in previous maize resulted in the highest crop yield, followed by SSB–ZT wheat. Among the weed-management options, clodinafop-propargyl (60 g/ha) + carfentazone (20 g/ha) as tank-mix at 25–30 DAS resulted in the highest growth, yield attributes and economics, which remained at par with hand-weeding. The highest grain yield (4.85 t/ ha), straw yield (9.03 t/ha), and biological yield (14.32 t/ha) were recorded under ZT–wheat, with brown manuring in previous maize. A 16.5, 7.3 and 9.94% increase in grain, straw and biological yield, respectively, was recorded with clodinafop-propargyl (60 g/ha) + carfentazone (20 g/ha) as post tank-mix 25–30 DAS over unweeded check. The ZT–wheat showed 51.4% higher net returns over CT, followed by ZT–wheat and SSB–ZT wheat which showed 22.1 and 19.2% higher values, respectively, over CT. The highest benefit : cost (B : C) ratio was found in weed-free check which showed 21.9% higher value over unweeded check.
Yapay Zeka ve İş İlişkileri Üzerine Yeni Avrupa Önerisi
Authors: TULLINI Patrizia , NALBANT Tuba Zeycan
Published: December 2023

Bu makalede Avrupa’nın, Yapay Zeka üzerindeki düzenlemesinin temel ilkelerini ve çalışma hayatındaki iş ilişkilerinin geliştirilmesi hakkında ulusal yasaların uygulanması incelenmektedir. Özellikle Avrupa Birliği tarafından sunulmuş son tekliflere odaklanmaktadır; örneğin platformlardaki çalışma koşullarının iyileştirilmesine ilişkin Direktif ve Avrupa Birliği Yapay Zeka Yönetmeliği gibi teklifler.
Ahmet Ümit'in Bir Aşk Masalı Romanında Bulunan Kalıp Sözler Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: DOĞRU Dilek
Published: December 2023

Kalıp sözler; bir ulusun, toplumun kendi dilsel özelliklerini yansıtan sözleridir. Türkçede, gündelik yaşamda kullandığımız; iyi akşamlar, sağ olun, hoş geldiniz, rica ederim, başın sağ olsun, Allah rahmet eylesin gibi kalıp sözler, söz varlığı içerisinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Kalıp sözler, kişilerin gündelik ruh halini ifade eder ve bireyler arasındaki iletişimi kolaylaştırır. Kişiler arasındaki iletişimde; sevinç, üzüntü, dua, ilenç vb. durumları açık bir şekilde aktarmayı sağlar. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın evrenini Ahmet Ümit’in Bir Aşk Masalı adlı romanında yer alan kalıp sözler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı ve konusu ise, eserde bulunan kalıp sözlerin kullanım sıklığını ortaya koymak ve Türkçede önemli bir yere sahip olan bu yapıların, Ahmet Ümit’in eserine ne ölçüde yansıdığını değerlendirmektir. Yazar, günümüzde çok okunan bir romancı olduğu için, Bir Aşk Masalı adlı romanında, kalıp sözleri sıklıkla kullanabileceği varsayılmıştır. Eserde, gözünüz arkada kalmasın, Tanrılara ant olsun ki, sağlıcakla gidin, tasalanmayın, buyurun gibi birçok kalıp söz saptanmıştır. Yukarıda verilen örnekler, söz konusu romandan seçilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın içeriğini yansıtılan kalıp sözler, tarama ve fişleme yöntemiyle ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca bu sözler, kullanım sıklığı çerçevesinde de değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çerçevede yazarın romanında kalıp sözleri ne denli kullandığı da belirlenmiştir.
Pravo na razvod braka
Authors: Janjić-Komar Marina
Published: December 2023

Razvod braka u poslednjih dve decenije pretrpeo je značajne promene. Neuspeh porodičnog života postaje društveno relevantna činjenica samo u odnosu na posledicu koje izaziva razvod braka. Sam razvod kao takav sve se manje reguliše i ovaj liberalni odnos prema razvodu utiče i na sve manji društveni značaj braka.
Koncepcije razvoda su različite: skrivljeni razvod, razvod slom, odvojen život, sporazumni razvod itd. Opredeljenje za neku od ovih koncepcija ukazuje na značaj uzroka za razvod braka dok u nekim pravima još samo postupak za razvod braka predstavlja domen pravnog odlučivanja.
Jugoslovensko pravo odslikava sve dileme oko razvoda braka. Ako bi se nastojalo da brak ima veći socijalni značaj trebalo bi da sud ima ovlašćenje da odbije razvod braka ako bi razvod braka izazvao velike finansijske probleme ili bi predstavljao očiglednu nepravdu za jednog bračnog druga. Pošto postupak razvoda dolazi u prvi plan, dobija na značaju postupak medijacije. Tako razvod braka ne predstavlja samo razvod lek već se tako dolazi do odgovornog razvoda.
Neka iskustva iz popisa stanovništva 1981. godine
Authors: Stanković Vladimir
Published: December 2023

Već po ustaljenoj tradiciji, razmatranje nekih ključnih metodoloških pitanja popisa stanovništva, pre i posle izvršenih probnih popisa, izaziva pojačanu pažnju stručne javnosti. Nažalost, za većinu tih probnih popisa pa i za probne popise koji su prethodili redovnom popisu 1981. godine, ne može se reći da su ostvarili svoj primarni zadatak koji se sastojao u definisanju sadržaja redovnog popisa i empirijskoj proveri pouzdanosti metodološkog instrumentarija koji će pri njegovoj realizaciji biti primenjen. Sadržinska nepodudarnost probnih i redovnih popisa, kao i korišćenje ad hoc utvrđenih metodoloških rešenja u probnim popisima postaju, sudeći po dosadanjim iskustvima, prepoznatljive karakteristike jugoslovenske statističke prakse.
U radu se, takođe, daje osvrt na neka važna metodološka sadržinska pitanja kao što su: 1) kategorizacija stanovništva prema "prisutnosti", 2) potreba za sadržinskom standardizacijom popisa i redukcijom broja pitanja na popisnim obrascima, 3) potreba za izradom adekvatnije statističke klasifikacije (tipologije) naselja, 4) mogućnosti za dobijanje "izvedenih" obeležja, 5) problemi vezani za realizaciju jedinstvenog projekta automatske obrade podataka, 6) utvrđivanje kriterijuma logičke kontrole i njihov uticaj na kvalitet podataka i dr.
Međunarodne preporuke i praksa jugoslovenskih popisa
Authors: Prokić Milutin
Published: December 2023

Nema.
Marina Janjić-Komar i Mirjana Obretković: "Prava deteta - prava čoveka"
Authors: Todorović Luka
Published: December 2023

Nema.
Jacques Vallin, Stan D'Souza, Alberto Palloni: "Measurement and Analysis of Mortality - (New Aproaches)"
Authors: Mudrenović Svetlana
Published: December 2023

Nema.
Advancing Healthcare Service Efficacy by Optimizing Pharmaceutical Inventory Management: Leveraging ABC, VED Analysis for Trend Demand
Authors: Umadevi G. , Umamaheswari S.
Published: December 2023

Background: The modern world has witnessed significant advancements across various industries such as food, healthcare, fashion, economics, and education. Among these sectors, healthcare is essential, given its critical role in promoting the well-being of individuals and communities.
Purpose: Pharmaceuticals are a significant part of the healthcare system, as they are a crucial factor in increasing life expectancy and are often considered the heart of the health industry. Maintaining effective inventory management for drugs is essential for pharmacists to provide efficient and reliable services to their patients.
Methodology: The study thoroughly analyzes the cost and consumption data for each type of demand, to develop a well-suited review and issuance policy for the apothecary.
Research Limitations/Implications: The paper delves into the ABC analysis, VED analysis, and trend demand for medical stores, making it a valuable resource for pharmacy stores seeking to optimize their operations and inventory management.
Originality/Value: A total of 564 drugs were included in this study, and data were collected from random strip sales between October 2022 and Mar 2023. The study's findings can be used to make informed decisions about inventory planning and classification strategies. The model utilized in this study is based on three categories of medicines: high priority, medium priority, and low priority. By analyzing the demand for these medicines, they can be categorized based on their priority within the three core groups. Pharmacists can use the model to detect shortages and take proactive measures to avoid them by analyzing demand patterns and inventory levels.
Detecting the Legacies of Climatic Extremes through Radial Growth Releases in Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon in Shillong, Meghalaya, Northeast India
Authors: Kharmawlong Rockfillinroy , Upadhyay Keshav Kumar , Tripathi Shri Kant
Published: December 2023

Tree ring width index (TRWI) of Khasi pine (Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon) was developed from Motinagar area of Shillong, Meghalaya, Northeast India, encompassing 124 years of data spanning from 1896 to 2019. The descriptive statistics (e.g., series-intercorrelation, 0.338, mean sensitivity, 0.177, standard deviation, 0.170, signal-to-noise ratio, 6.037) of TRWI indicate the significant potential of the species for dendroclimatology in the region. Moreover, the growth release detection analysis carried out using the radial-growth averaging (GA), the boundary-line (BL), and the Splechtna (SP) methods showed a large number of growth releases, with moderate growth releases of 24%, 34.6%, and 10% as detected by GA, SP, and BL methods, respectively. These detected growth releases reflected the legacy effects of recorded flood and drought events within the study area and its vicinity. High precipitation events (i.e. flood years) recorded after drought events exhibited a positive impact on tree radial growth and were observed as growth release events. For a more comprehensive understanding of the specific requirements of this species under changing climatic conditions and to contribute to the development of improved forest management strategies, it is advisable to conduct further detailed studies on growth release analysis, supported by inventory data related to forest management operations.
WebLEM como Ambiente de Ensino de Matemática
Authors: Silva Pedro José Florencio da , Costa Dailson Evangelista , Moraes Mônica Suelen Ferreira de , Sabbatini Marcelo
Published: December 2023

O contexto da pandemia da covid-19, um período desafiador que potencializou a necessidade de alternativas para a educação remota emergencial, demandou uma reinvenção das práticas docentes além da já existente educação a distância. Neste cenário, o webLEMum - Laboratório de Ensino de Matemática na internet - surge como uma resposta para o ensino e a aprendizagem de Matemática. Nosso objetivo é, portanto, apresentar a construção desse ambiente virtual inovador, traçando paralelos entre laboratórios físicos e virtuais, além de considerar sua terminologia. A pesquisa que embasa a construção do webLEMum é de natureza qualitativa e descritiva. Os resultados apontam para as possíveis utilizações do webLEMum como ferramenta para o ensino e aprendizagem de matemática, evidenciando seu potencial como alternativa para estudantes e docentes que não dispõe destes recursos.
Feminist Sosyal Politika: Bakım, Emek, Göç
Authors: MORDOĞAN Cansu
Published: December 2023

Çağla Ünlütürk Ulutaş editörlüğünde kaleme alınan "Feminist Sosyal Politika: Bakım, Emek, Göç" adlı bu kitapta; sosyal politika uygulamaları toplumun dezavantajlı konumunda olan kadınları, hangi sektörlerde nasıl etkilediği ve kadın emeği feminist bakış açısıyla ele alınmaktadır. Kitap, özellikle kadın emeğini odak noktası haline getiren sosyal politika alanını feminist mercekle sorgulayan akademisyenleri bir araya getirirken dezavantajlı birey olan kadınları sosyal hizmet disiplini bağlamında ele almaktadır. Kitap, kadın emeğinin gerek çalışma gerek ev yaşamında görünür kılınması gerekliliğini ve göçmen kadın odağında emek sorgulamasını içermektedir. Kitap üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Her bölüm ana başlığıyla ilintili olarak kadını, sosyal politika bağlamında bakım, emek ve göç konularında ele almaktadır. Kitap değerlendirmesi yazısında bu üç bölüm eleştirel bir gözle ve sosyal hizmet bakış açısıyla incelenmiştir.
THE INFLUENCE OF MOTIVATION AND WORK ENVIRONMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF NAFISA PRODUCTION EMPLOYEES IN SURABAYA
Authors: Hariyanie Erni , Daengs GS Achmad , Dewi Rina , Karnain Bambang , Sugiharto  , Istanti Enny
Published: December 2023

This research was motivated by a decline in performance at Nafisa Production in Surabaya. Because Human Resources are central figures in organizations and companies. In order for management activities to run well, the company must have employees who are knowledgeable and highly skilled and strive to manage the company as optimally as possible so that employee performance increases. The more employees have high performance, the company's overall productivity will increase so that the company will be able to survive in global competition. The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of motivation and work environment on employee performance.Using the questionnaire method by distributing questionnaires to 35 Nafisa Production employee respondents in Surabaya. Based on data analysis and simultaneous hypothesis testing in this research, it can be seen that motivation (X1) and work environment (X2) simultaneously influence employee performance (Y), this can be proven by the calculated F value (23.380) > F table (2.034 ). Meanwhile, the R multiple value of 0.771 shows that the closeness of the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable is 77.10%. Meanwhile, the coefficient of multiple determination is 0.594, which means that all independent variables can explain employee performance (Y) by 59.40%. Partially, motivation influences the performance of Nafisa Production employees, this can be seen from the calculated t value, which is greater than motivation (X1) of 2.918 compared to the work environment variable which is only 2.918. Thus it is concluded that motivation and work environment have a significant influence on the performance of NAFISA Production Surabaya employees.