bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation and NMR Characterization of Ursane-Type Triterpenoid from the Leaves of Peperomia pellucida
Authors: Ibe–Diala J.C. , Igwe O.U. , Friday C. , Akwada U.C.
Published: May 2021

Peperomia pellucida is a member of the Piperaceae family. Extraction of plant material was carried out by Soxhlet extraction method using hexane and ethylacetate as solvents respectively. The extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator, followed by isolation and purification using column and thin layer chromatographic techniques. Fraction C20 showed a clearly defined single spot with Rf value of 0.51. Using 1HNMR, 13C-DEPT, COSY, HSQC and HMBC and by comparison with literature values, the structure of the compound was established as an Ursane-type triterpenoid. The use of P. pellucida in ethnomedicine for the treatment of various ailments could be attributed to the Ursane-type triterpenoid and other bioactive chemical compounds present in the plant.

Keywords: Peperomia pellucida, extraction, isolation, chromatographic techniques, ursane-type triterpenoid
Comparative Effect of Horse Dung and Pig Dung on The Early Growth of Nauclea diderrichii (De Wild) Seedlings
Authors: Ayeni O.D. , Ojo M.O. , Okumodi B.O.
Published: May 2021

The research work examined the effect of horse dung and pig dung on the early growth of Nauclea diderrichii seedling. The experiment was carried out at the back of library of Federal College of Forestry, Ibadan. The experiment consisted of five treatments which were replicated nine times in a completely Randomized design (CRD). The following materials were used: Topsoil, Polythenepot, seeds of Nauclea diderrichii, Horse dung and pig dung, sieve, wheel barrow, venier caliper, ruler, field record book and pen. Data on the number of stem girth, height, leave production and leave area were recorded fortnightly starting from a week after transplanting. The data collected were analyzed through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The result revealed that 15g of horse dung + 2kg of top soil had the  highest mean number of height value of 12.49cm followed by 10kg of horse dung +2kg of topsoil,(10.15cm). While topsoil only had the least mean number of height (8.25cm). The result further showed the highest mean stem girth (0.30cm) followed by 0.27cm and produced least mean stem girth of 0.24cm in treatments T12, T1 and T5 respectively. Also, in the leaf production the result revealed that 15g of horse dung +2kg of topsoil had the highest mean number of 16.69cm followed by treatment one 12,56cm and topsoil only produce the least mean leaf production of 9.40cm. The result further showed highest mean leave area (134.50cm2 ) followed by treatment one 124.60cm2 and (T5) produced the least mean leaf area of 108.06cm2. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for plant height, stem girth, leaf production and leaf area also indicated that the treatment applied Nauclea diderrichii seedlings showed no significant effect. Generally 15g of horse dung + 2kg of topsoil produced the best result in terms of plant height, stem girth, leaf production and leave area of Nuclea diderrichii seedlings, hence treatment two (T2) is best suitable for raising Nuclea diderrichii seedlings.

Keywords: Forest, Horse dung, Pig dung, Nauclea diderrichii
Determinants of Rice Farmers’ Investment in Value Addition and Its Effect on Poverty Status in Kebbi State, Nigeria
Authors: Hussaini A.S. , Oladimeji Y.U. , Sanni S.A. , Abdulrahman S.
Published: May 2021

The study examined investment of rice value addition activities among farmers in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Data used for the study were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire administered to 123 randomly selected farmers in three local government areas of the state. Data was analyzed using Foster Greek Thoerboeck (FGT) poverty index and logit regression technique. The results showed that poverty status among the rice farmers was high, as 58.3% were poor and 42.7% were non poor. The result of the analysis showed that the marginal effects of income from parboiling, winnowing, drying, destoning, and bagging value addition were negative and statistically significant related to farmer’s poverty status at 1% level. It was concluded that rice farmers’ investment in value addition should be promoted among the farmers in Kebbi State. High cost of labour (81.0%), poor marketing information (75.6%) and inadequate credit (73.1%) were the three most critical constraints limiting the farmers in engaging in value addition activities. It wasrecommended that farmers cooperatives should form collaboration with extension agent to make farmers aware of the benefits of investment in value addition activities and those farmers already investing in value addition should make use of the modern method of processing instead of the traditional practices which help to increase their income.

Keywords: Investment, Value addition, Processing, Poverty status and Rice farmers
Resuscitation of Bacteria after Dechlorination of Treated Drinking Water
Authors: Adebisi O.O. , Kayode Y.I. , Kayode-Isola T.M. , Saka B.A.
Published: May 2021

In this study, the effects of initial bacterial load (102 , 104 and 106 cells/ml) and dechlorination idiosyncrasy on the efficacy of varying concentrations (0.018–0.126% v/v applied for 30 minutes) of a point-of-use chlorine-based proprietary disinfectant (WaterCare®) were investigated in drinking water. Results indicated that higher initial cell populations significantly affected the efficacy of the disinfectant.Subsequent dechlorination of the disinfected water resulted in resuscitation of bacteria. This was demonstrated after 1440 minutes post-dechlorination for Salmonella typhi and after at least 120 minutes for Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Shigella dysenteriae, particularly at lower disinfectant concentrations (0.018–0.054% v/v). Thus, whilst the use of WaterCare® at the recommended dosage(0.072% v/v or 10 ml to 25 litres of clean water for 30 minutes) may produce microbiologically safe drinking water high initial microbial load and post-disinfection residual chlorine loss may limit its efficacy.

Keywords: Bacterial resuscitation, Escherichia coli, Dechlorination, Drinking water, Salmonella typhi, WaterCare®
Evidence of Malnutrition and its Associated Factors among Under-five Children in Danko-Wasagu Kebbi State, North-western Nigeria
Authors: Mada S.B. , Bawa K.D. , Saliu M.A. , Garba A. , Abarshi M.M. , Muhammad A. , Garba I.
Published: May 2021

Malnutrition is a major health problem worldwide and causes about 2.3 million deaths among under-5 children in low- and middle-income countries annually including Nigeria. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the nutritional status of under-five children (0-59 months) and associated factors in Danko-Wasagu. The socio-demographic characteristics, prevalence of childhood  diseases, anthropometric parameters and dietary pattern of the children were evaluated. The results indicated that 54.8% of the caregivers are young adults within 20 to 24 years of age with 41.7% having two living children. In addition, 58% of the caregivers have monthly family income below ₦20,000 with no any formal education. The Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) and Weight-for-Height (WFH) indices indicated that none of the children had Severe-Acute-Malnutrition (SAM). However, there was 65.5% prevalence of diarrhea, 45.2% with dermatitis and 25.0% with acute respiratory infections. In addition, stunting, underweight and wasting among the children investigated were 72.7%, 29.8% and 11.9% respectively. Consumption of cereals based diet by the children was 92.7% while 28.6% and 31.0% of the children met the minimum dietary diversity and minimum meal frequency respectively. Caregiver’s age was observed to associate significantly (p<0.05) with wasting, underweight and stunting among the children. Altogether, the presentstudy demonstrated a high prevalence of chronic malnutrition and childhood diseases even though without any case of SAM in the study area.

Keywords: Malnutrition, Nutritional status, Under-five-children, Childhood diseases, Dietary pattern
Toxicity Studies on Aqueous-Methanol Pod Extract of Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea) in Wistar Strain Albino Rats
Authors: Okwunakwe A.F. , Saidu Y. , Achor M. , Isa S.A. , Abbas A.Y. , Abbas A.Y. , Bilbis L.S.
Published: May 2021

Herbal preparation of Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) pod has long been used by a group of Hausa people from northern Nigeria called Yan tauri performers and traditional healers. This study was conducted to evaluate the toxicological effect of the extract in Wistar strain albino rats using biochemical, haematological and histopathological indices of toxicity. Acute toxicity (LD50) and sub-chronic toxicity studies were determined using the method developed by OECD. Twenty-five (25) rats were grouped into five(5) consisting of five(5) rats each, one of the groups served as control., Group II, III, IV and V were orally administered with the extract at a daily dose of 400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, 1200 mg/kg and 1600 mg/kg of the extract, respectively for 28 days. The LD50 of the extract was greater than 5000 mg/kg and its oral administration for 28 days did not produce significant changes (P˃0.05) on biochemical and haematological indices.  Histopathological evaluation revealed mild widening of Bowman’s capsule of animals administered with 1200 mg/kg and 1600 mg/kg of the extract. It can thus be concluded that the pod is non-toxic.

Keywords: Vigna unguiculata pod, Yan tauri performers, Aqueous-methanol extract, Acute and subchronic toxicity
Factors Determining Birth Intervals: A Multilevel Mixed Effect Parametric Survival Approach
Authors: Adeniyi O.I. , Olonijolu I.R. , Akinrefon A.A.
Published: May 2021

Interval between births plays an important role in maternal health as well as child health. This study applies the methodology of Flexible parametric survival models to data on successive births among Nigeria women using the dataset from 2018 National Demographic Health survey. The flexible parametric survival model with Weibull baseline distribution was found to be the best among other fitted baseline distributions. The factors, zone of residence, educational qualification, religion, economic status and age at first birth were found to be significant in predicting the birth intervals. It was found that random effect parameter indicates that the interval between successive births is similar from the same woman.

Keywords: Birth intervals, Baseline hazard, Mixed effect, Flexible parametric model, AIC.
Farmers’ Adoption of System of Rice Intensification in Chanchaga Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Aliyu T.H. , Bello O.G. , Olatinwo L.K. , Omotesho K.F. , Adefalu L.L. , Garba I.
Published: May 2021

The study evaluated the adoption of System of rice intensification (SRI) among rice farmers in Chanchaga Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria. A 3-stage sampling technique was used to collect data for the study through a structured questionnaire and interview schedule administered to 200 rice farmers. The results indicated that the majority of the farmers were males (83.0%) and married (68.5%) with no formal education (50.5%). Mean age was 44.1 years, household size was 8.8 persons, farming experience of 16years, average monthly income was N590,000.00 and average farm size was 1.7 ha. The most adopted SRI production practice was fertilizer and herbicide application (100.0%), planting depth (91.5%) manual land cultivation and planting method (91.0%). The respondents were at different stages of adoption with accelerating growth, rotary weeding and use of organic fertilizer having positive adoption index of 0.972, 0.970 and 0.601, respectively. Level of adoption of SRI technologies was low (34.5%) with a positive perception. Major constraints to SRI technologies were high labor ( =3.27), non-awareness of SRI technologies ( =3.14) inadequate understanding of SRI ( =2.89). The profitability of SRI in rice cultivation was higher compared to the conventional method. Therefore, the provision of  more training and demonstration programmes and input subsidy should be encouraged to boost adoption of SRI for improved rice production.

Keywords: Rice Intensification, Farming activities, Training, Chanchaga, System, Niger State
Immunomodulatory Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. Aqueous Extract on the Burrowing Crab, Cardiosoma guanhumi (Latreille, 1828)
Authors: Jesuniyi I.F , Moruf R.O , Lawal-Are A.O
Published: May 2021

Moringa oleifera has impressive range of nutritional and medicinal values which when consumed have influence on hematological profile which is applied as an index of physiological condition of various organisms and thus provide information about the health status of local populations. The study aimed to determine the effects of M. oleifera aqueous leaves extract on the hematology, serum biochemical profile and antioxidant enzyme activities of the burrowing crab, Cardiosoma guanhumi. Thirty juveniles of C. guanhumi (Average weight 43.20±0.05 g) were tested, where six crabs were randomly selected and distributed per each tank (1 x 1x 0.6m3) of 1litre of water. Different diets containing M. oleifera aqueous extract at inclusion levels of 0.5 ml, 1.0 ml, 1.5 ml, 2.0 ml and control were used to feed the crabs. Total Haemocyte Count ranged between 2733.33±0.90 mL and 6350.00±0.60 mL; there were significant differences among the treatment groups (p < 0.05). Haemocyte sub-population variables showed that crabs fed the control and 2.0ml M. oleifera kg-1 diet had increased in the granulocyte and monocyte populations but a decrease in the agranulocytes. The results of the serum enzymes showed an increase as the level of M. oleifera aqueous extract increases in the diet. Highest superoxide dismutase (75.43 ±21.25 min/mg pro) and catalase activities (2.96±0.18 min/mg pro), malondialdehyde (12.05±2.09 nmol/L) and glutathione concentrations (0.19 ±0.02 μmol/L) were recorded in crabs fed diet T4 (2.0ml M. oleifera kg-1), while the lowest were obtained in crabs fed control diet. The present study showed that the inclusion of M. oleifera aqueous extract up to 1.0ml kg-1 will have immunomodulatory performance on Cardiosoma guanhumi without any deleterious effect on the crab’s health status.

Keywords: Hemato-Biochemicals, Land Crab, Lagos Lagoon, Plant Extract, Nigeria
Amangi field reservoir porosity and saturation estimation using seismic and well data
Authors: Inichinbia S. , Emujakporue G.O.
Published: May 2021

The scientific knowledge of mapping reservoir geometries provide useful displays for understanding the sediment fairway orientation and transport direction, they are not detailed enough to define the best quality well connected reservoir areas needed for planningdevelopment wells. Knowing that that long term development of this field will require excellent subsurface imaging to optimize the placement of future development and production wells, so to plan for this, we used strong reflected primaries (PP) and primary-shear (PS) waves imaging for the reservoir characterization. Porosity of two hydrocarbon reservoirs is investigated for the purpose of planning production operations in Amangi field of the Nigerian Delta. Well log derived porosities were measured at five appraisal wells in the field. Point information about the porosity of the reservoirs were determined from these well log data. However, lateral variations of porosity could not be delineated from measurements made only at the sparsely  located wells in the field. A 3D seismic data covering an area of about 20 km x 17.5 km were acquired to delineate the extent of the porous sand. After careful data processing, the lateral variations of seismic amplitudes were transformed to changes in rock impedances, which, in turn, are indirectly related to porosity. In contrast with the sparse well observations, the 3D seismic method provided a dense and regular areal sampling of the acoustic properties of the reservoir intervals. The results of the transformation of the 3D anisotropic seismic reflection data were integrated with petrophysical measurements at the wells to significantly improve the spatial description of porosity in this field.
Lipid peroxidation and activity of some antioxidative enzymes in the root of maize (Zea mays) cultivated on cadmium contamination soil
Authors: Ugbeni O.C. , Dania O.E. , Eruotor H.
Published: May 2021

In this study, we examined the tolerance capacity of Zea mays to cadmium pollution. Soil was treated with varied concentrations of Cadmium; 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg and 30 mg/kg soil and Zea mays planted. Root samples were collected in weeks 3, 4, 5 and 6. Activities of Peroxidase, catalase superoxide dismutase, and lipid peroxidation were investigated. Decrease in peroxidase activity was extremely significant (p <0.05) in weeks 4 and 5 while that of week 6 was not significantly (p > 0.05) different from normal. The decrease correlated with increase in Cadmium concentration. However, at the highest concentration of 30 mg/kg of soil the trend was not significant. Increase in the activity of catalase was recorded in weeks 3 and 6. This increase didn’t follow a particular trend but at higher  concentration of Cd and long term exposure, it became apparent. There was a negative correlation between catalase activity and lipid peroxidation. In week 3, catalase activity was not significant (p > 0.05) and lipid peroxidation was significant (p < 0.05) while at week 4, catalase activity was significant (p < 0.05) and lipid peroxidation was not significant (p = 0.8432). Catalase activity was not significant (p = 0.2753) at week 5 and lipid peroxidation was significant (p = 0.0030). At week 6 when catalase activity became extremely significant (p < 0.05), lipid peroxidation had a p value of 0.0128. Generally no significant activity (p > 0.05) was observed for superoxide dismutase. A significant increase in absorption of cadmium (p = 0.0374) at 30mg/kg soil was observed between weeks 5 and 6. It was also observed that cadmium had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the root weight during the period of study. It’s suggestive therefore Cadmiumcontamination of soil could affect growth of maize and induce oxidative stress.

Key words: cadmium, reactive oxygen species, Thiobarbituric acid reactive species.
Occurrence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in electric grilled foods commonly consumed in Port Harcourt, Nigeria: Distribution and contamination profiles
Authors: Nitonye Virginia I.P. , Horsfall Jnr Michael , Onyema Mark O.
Published: May 2021

United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in electric grilled (EG) foods: plantain (EG-PN), meat (EG-MT), yam (EG-YM) and fish (EG-FH), commonly consumed in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, southern Nigeria. Distribution and concentrations of PAHs in the EG food samples were obtained by gas chromatography (GC)   nalyses, after extraction using hexane/dichloromethane (1:3 v/v) and clean up by column chromatography. GC analyses identified 13 to 16 PAHs in the food samples with 10 observed to occur in all. Fluoranthene, pyrene (4-ring PAHs) and benzo(a)pyrene (5-ring PAH) were the most abundant, while the 2- and 3-ring PAHs were generally minor constituents or absent. Concentrations of PAHs in the EG foods ranged from 15.73 to 67.13 µg/kg and was observed to decrease in the order EG-PN>EG-MT > EG-YM > EG-FH with increase in grilling time. Ratios used as diagnostic indices of PAH formation processes indicate a combustion source for PAHs in the food samples  and revealed electric grilling generated PAHs which contaminated the foods. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), used as a marker for PAH  contamination in foods, had concentrations of 7.51 μg/kg, 2.68 μg/kg, 2.33 μg/kg and 1.85 μg/kg in EG-PN, EG-MT, EG-YM and EG-FH  respectively. These values were above the maximum limit of 2 μg/kg set by the European Union, except for EG-FH which was slightly lower.

Keywords: Food, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Electric grill, Concentration, Diagnostic ratio, Nigeria.
Identificación de prejuicio del docentes en estudiantes migrantes venezolanos en Perú: un abordaje interpretativo
Authors: Rueda Garcés Hernán
Published: May 2021

La propuesta del presente estudio se orienta a interpretar el discurso de los docentes peruanos referido a la situación del contexto escolar de los migrantes venezolanos, principalmente valorando los factores protectores y los factores amenazantes percibidos por los informantes. Con base en la información recogida a través de entrevistas a profundidad, se indaga en la identificación de expresiones vinculadas con la formación del prejuicio sutil propuesta por Pettigrew, y Meertens, en la narrativa de los docentes. El enfoque asumido en la investigación es fenomenológico, obteniendo a través de la interpretación de la información, hallazgos emergentes que permiten identificar componentes que se vincularon con manifestaciones de prejuicio sutil; específicamente: la diferenciación de la cultura endógena peruana en cuanto a la cultura exógena de los inmigrantes venezolanos; asumiéndose la priorización de la cultura peruana, sobre la cultura extranjera; no se evidencia en el discurso de los docentes la negación de sentimientos positivos hacia los inmigrantes. A partir de estos hallazgos se expone una propuesta desde la narrativa docente para lograr la integración efectiva de los venezolanos en el escenario educativo identificado.
Transformaciones de las prácticas pedagógicas de los profesionales no licenciados
Authors: Rodríguez Pérez Julieht Alexandra , Guerrero Godoy Ruth Stella , Varon Arciniegas Viviana , Baron Velandia Benjamin
Published: May 2021

El artículo tiene como propósito develar las transformaciones pedagógicas de los graduados del Programa de Pedagogía Para Profesionales No Licenciados (PPPNL) de la Escuela de Alta Docencia de la Facultad de Educación de UNIMINUTO durante el periodo 2018 y 2019. Se fundamentó en la investigación cualitativa- hermenéutica, la población sujeta de estudio estuvo conformada por 29 profesionales de la educación y la obtención de datos se realizó por medio del análisis de los Proyectos Pedagógicos de Aula, aplicación de encuesta y realización de entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados mostraron que existen transformaciones significativas en las prácticas pedagógicas de los Profesionales No Licenciados y que el Programa de Pedagogía Para Profesionales No Licenciados es pertinente para la formación pedagógica de los mismos.
Distribution of arboreal nocturnal mammals in northern Borneo
Authors: Pg Zainalabidin Dk Noor Ummiatul Afiqah , Miard Priscillia , Grafe T. Ulmar
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to determine the distribution of arboreal nocturnal mammals in northern Borneo, in particular the Bornean Striped Palm Civet Arctogalidia stigmatica, Philippine Slow Loris Nycticebus menagensis, Western Tarsier Cephalophacus bancanus, Bornean Colugo Galeopterus borneanus and Island Palm Civet Paradoxurus philippinensis. Nocturnal mammals were surveyed at six sites in northern Borneo of varying habitat types and patterns of disturbance. Standardised point and line transects following predetermined paths were used and mammals searched for with the aid of a thermal imaging camera, a red-filtered head lamp and alternatively, a white light head lamp. With 49% of the observations, A. stigmatica (36 individuals/6 sites) was the most common species across the study sites, followed in abundance by N. menagensis (16/5), C. bancanus (14/3), G. borneanus (11/3) and P. philippinensis (2/2). The highest arboreal mammal density of 4.4 individuals/km was found at our Kiudang study site in Tutong District. In addition to the five focal arboreal mammals, 20 additional species were observed throughout the study. This study reveals variation in arboreal nocturnal mammal presence with habitat type that is likely influenced by diet preferences, habitat fragmentation, and the level of hunting pressure. Further surveys combined with arboreal camera trapping will be necessary to study the secretive and easily disturbed arboreal nocturnal mammals of Borneo.
“I Was Like an Autumn Leaf That Looks Pretty From the Outside, but Would Break Once You Touched It”: A Case Study of the Lived Experience of Breast Cancer Survival
Authors: ALmegewly Wafa Hamad , Gould Dinah , Anstey Sally
Published: May 2021

In this hermeneutic phenomenological case study, we explored the lived experiences of one Saudi Arabian woman, Sahara, living with breast cancer and after, identifying her culture’s impact on the “meaning-making” process. We derived the data from a semi-structured interview and analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA). The themes were: (1) “discourse”: being a breast cancer patient; (2) “sociality”: the complex sense of living with visibility and invisibility; and (3) “selfhood”: regaining the sense of being normal. The study benefits healthcare providers, who need to understand women’s life-world, the impact of culture when designing a program of survival care, and the response to their needs.
How Wood Identification Technologies Help Ensure Timber Legality in Indonesia
Authors: Cetera Kenny , Said Zuraidah , Dellarose Boer Febrina , Nurul Qomariah Indira , Suprapto Edi , Triyanto Sugeng
Published: May 2021

This working paper elaborates on the reasons why illegal logging activities still exist in Indonesia despite the efforts that have been made by the government. This paper offers recommendations for tackling the misdeclaration of timber information. It aims to provide recommendations to the Government of Indonesia to strengthen the SVLK's role in ensuring timber legality and enforcing the law by applying science-based technologies as criminal evidence for illegal logging cases.
CRISIS IN HUMAN RIGHTS KNOWLEDGE: CASE OF PALESTINE
Authors: TÖGEL Akif
Published: May 2021

Crisis in knowledge, deeply affects the definition or the concept of terms related to that knowledge. Human rights, a popular term is used to express the rights of the human being who lives not in one part of the world but all around the globe. However, every day we are faced with lots of news of human rights abuses from all over the world. This invasion shows that human rights knowledge, which ripened in an extended period, is in a big crisis. In this paper, it is argued that many examples of the crises in human rights knowledge can be seen in Palestine's case. In this context, the first part will discuss the historical development of human rights knowledge, and the second part will focus on the cases related to basic human rights violations from Palestine. This study concludes that the human rights concept should be redefined with the implications from given cases. Also, human rights violations should be terminated, starting from Palestine and spreading to all around the world to stop the crises in human rights knowledge.
TÜRK HUKUKUNDA ENGELLİLER BAKIMINDAN KAMU HİZMETİNE GİRME HAKKI
Authors: DENİZ Buket
Published: May 2021

Türk hukukunda kamu hizmetine girme hakkı, 1982 Anayasası’nın 70. maddesinde düzenlenmiştir. Anayasa’da siyasi haklar statüsünde düzenlenmiş olan kamu hizmetine girme hakkının içeriği ve kapsamı, kanunlar ve yargı kararları ile ortaya konmuştur. Kamu hizmetine girme hakkı bir başka temel hak olan çalışma hakkının bir boyutunu oluşturmaktadır ve kişinin maddi ve manevi gelişiminin sağlanması ile insan onuruna yakışır bir yaşam sürmesi bakımından gereklidir. Toplumsal hayata diğer bireyler ile eşit şekilde katılamayan engelli bireyler de, anayasal bir ilke olan eşitlik ilkesi gereği kamu hizmetine girme hakkına sahiptirler. Ancak yasa önünde eşitlik anlayışı engellilerin kamu hizmetine girmesi bakımından yeterli değildir. Bu nedenle anayasalar ve diğer hukuki düzenlemeler bağlamında engellilerin kamu hizmetine girmesi bakımından pozitif ayrımcılık teşkil edecek çeşitli uygulamalar öngörülmektedir. 657 sayılı Devlet Memurları Kanunu’nda da kamuda engelli istihdamı için kota uygulaması düzenlenmiştir. Engelli bireylerin bu kota kapsamında istihdam edilmeleri amacıyla “EKPSS” isimli ayrı bir sınav öngörülmüştür. Bu sınav haricinde de engellilerin kamuda istihdam edilmesi mümkündür, aksini öngören yargı kararları hukuka aykırı olacaktır. Engelli bireylerin, kamu idareleri ve kurumlarının kamu personeli alımı için açmış olduğu ilanlara başvurabilmeleri için getirilen özel şartların ayrımcılık teşkil etmemesi gerekmektedir. İdarenin bu tarz işlemleri eşitlik ilkesine aykırılık anlamına gelir. Bu çalışma kapsamında kamu hizmetine girme hakkı ve engelli bireylerin bu hakkı kullanması bakımından önemli görülen bazı hukuki hususlar ele alınmaktadır.
Bacillus licheniformis M2-7 IMPROVES GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD OF Capsicum annuum L.
Authors: Bolaños Dircio Alejandro , Jiménez Jeiry Toribio , Rodríguez Barrera Miguel Á. , Hernández Flores Giovanni , Toledo Hernández Erubiel , Palemón Alberto Francisco , Romero Ramírez Yanet
Published: May 2021

Plant growth promoting bacteria are known to directly or indirectly influence the development and yield of plants. Studies that show the biotechnological potential of these bacteria as biofertilizers are thus important. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth capacities of strains M2-7 and LYA12 and define whether their interactions with Capsicum annuum L. increases production. The hypothesis was that the Bacillus licheniformis strains have capacities to promote growth and yield of Capsicum annuum L. First, these strains were evaluated in vitro in selective culture media to detect those direct or indirect mechanisms for plant growth promotion. Then, the effect of both strains on seed germination and the effect of strain M2-7 were studied on the in vivo development of C. annuum L. The experimental design was completely randomized with 3 treatments and 3 repetitions. Data was analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey test (p≤0.05). Results showed that the bacterial strains were able to fix nitrogen, solubilize tricalcium phosphate Ca3 (PO4)2, produce gibberellins, lytic enzymes (amylases, proteases, lipases and esterases), biosurfactants, volatile compounds; and significantly inhibit growth (p≤0.05) of the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum sp. Likewise, the strains M2-7 and LYA12 increased (p≤0.05) by 89 and 78% the seed germination of C. annuum L. M2-7 enhanced fresh weight (235%), stem diameter (308%), root weight, number and weight of fruits (316%), as compared to treatment 1 (Nitrofoska) and 3 (Control). Therefore, B. licheniformis M2-7 strain is attractive to develop the formulation of biofertilizers; aiming to improve yield of some horticultural crops towards a sustainable and ecological agriculture.
Economic Social Factor of Farmer and The Affect to Paddy Field Farming Productivity in Sungai Penuh City-Indonesian
Authors: Nainggolan Saidin , Fitri Yanuar , Ani Nur Fitri
Published: May 2021

The research aims to analyze economic social factor of farmer and the affect to paddy field farming productivity. Location determination do as purposive. Total of sample farmers are 62 farmers. Data analysis uses primary data and uses approach with Partial Least Square (PLS). Match test of outer model is convergent validity test, discriminant validity and composite validity are qualify. Inner model test has value of Q2 amount of 99,3% meets match test of inner model. The affect of social factor and economic directly have coefficient amount of -0,043 and 0,038 to paddy field farming productivity with p value (0,046)<α(0,05) and p value (0,033)<α(0,05). The affect of social factor indirectly through of production input variable usage and activeness of farmer group have coefficients amount of 0,237 and 0,034 to productivity with p value (0,059)>α(0,05) and p value (0,026)<α (0,05). Economic factor through input production variable usage and activeness of farmer group have coefficients amount of 0,367 and 0,010 to productivity with p value (0,000)<α (0,05) and p value (0,099)>α(0,05). Total affect of the research of social factor and economic have coefficients amount of 0,228 and 0,415 to paddy field farming productivity with p value (0,064)>α(0,05) and p value (0,000)<α(0,05). The relation to this in order to empower farmer to raise of paddy field farming productivity need to pay attention of social factor, economic factor, cultivation technology of paddy field farming.
TINGKAT PENDAPATAN, KONSUMSI, DAN TABUNGAN KELUARGA PENGHASIL DAN PEDAGANG KECAMBAH KACANG HIJAU DI KECAMATAN BELITANG II OKU TIMUR
Authors: Aisah Aisah
Published: May 2021

Kecambah kacang hijau adalah salah satu jenis kecambah/tauge yang paling banyak dijadikan bahan pangan atau bahan konsumsi pada umumnya, hal ini dikarenakan kecambah atau tauge dari kacang hijau banyak mengandung giji yang diperlukan untuk memperlancar buang air besar maupun untuk mengurangi kegemukan dan meningkatkan kesuburan.  Pengolahan kacanag hijau diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan yang mangubah produk primer menjadi produk baru yang lebih tinggi nilai ekonominya setelah melalui proses pengolahan, maka akan dapat memberikan nilai ekonomis karena dikeluarkannya biaya-biaya sehingga terbentuk harga baru yang lebih tinggi dan keuntungannya lebih besar dibandingkan tanpa melalui proses pengolahan.  Dengan adanya nilai ekonomis tersebut menyebabkan bertambahnya pendapatan rumah tangga petani sehingga menimbulkan potensi tabungan.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pendapatan dan kelayakan usaha kecambah kacang hijau di Kecamatan belitang II OKU Timur, untuk mengetahui tingkat konsumsi dan tingkat tabungan keluarga penghasil dan pedagang kecambah kacang hijau di Kecamatan Belitang II OKU Timur.  Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa tingkat pendapatan yang diperoleh pengusaha kecambah adalah Rp 118.575/proses dengan tingkat kelayakan usaha kecambah berdasarkan hasil perhitungan ROI sebesar 56,03%,  BEP harga Rp 6.827/Kg dan BEP Produksi 0,87 Kg, Payback Period 3.57 dan R/C sebesar 1,56.  Tingkat konsumsi penghasil dan pedagang kecambah adalah sebesar Rp 912.055/bulan.  Tingkat tabungan penghasil dan pedagang kecambah adalah sebesar Rp 866.567/bulan.
ANÁLISE DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA NO TRABALHO NO SETOR DE TELECOMUNICAÇÕES BRASILEIRO
Authors: Agostinho Oswaldo Luiz , Pinto Jefferson de Souza , Gibbin Randal Victor
Published: May 2021

Contexto: A Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) assumiu lugar de destaque nos últimos anos como componente da cultura organizacional, sendo um dos pilares da sustentabilidade.
Objetivo: Identificar como os quatro maiores grupos de telecomunicações atuantes no Brasil compreendem a QVT neste contexto (dois dos quais listados na carteira ISEB3/2020).
Método: Procedeu-se à análise textual (lexical), processada pelo software IRAMUTEQ, da documentação de sustentabilidade disponível nos repositórios públicos destas organizações, desdobrada na Análise Lexicográfica, Classificação Hierárquica Descendente e Análise de Similitude.
Resultados: Os resultados evidenciam uma prevalência de práticas vinculadas à saúde ocupacional, capacitação, desenvolvimento e voluntariado.
Conclusão: Verificam-se oportunidades de aprimoramento em questões ligadas à redução de estresse, mentoria, resolução de conflitos, premiação e reconhecimento. Esta pesquisa tem sua originalidade no uso da técnica de análise textual ao objeto de estudo.
Pengaruh Covid-19 terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah
Authors: Alfira Nisa , Fasa Muhammad Iqbal , Suharto Suharto
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG) and the rupiah exchange rate in Indonesia. The research method used is descriptive qualitative by describing the existing phenomena. The results show that the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic does not only affect public health, but also affects the Indonesian economy, especially in Islamic financial institutions in the Islamic capital market, namely the Composite Stock Price Index and the weakening of the rupiah exchange rate. The pandemic has also been proven to have put pressure on the world economy, including Indonesia.
RELATIVE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON TEACHING AND LEARNING IN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS IN EKITI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Ibitola Makinde , Olurotimi Ogunlade , Oluwatoyin Omotoyinbo
Published: May 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the impact of COVID-19 on students’ academic calendar of higher institutions in Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Methodology: The study adopted descriptive survey research design guided by two research questions which were formulated to guide the study. Questionnaire was used for data collection Random sampling technique was used to select the population size. Also one and hundred fifty (150) questionnaire instruments were administered to the respondents who formed the population of the study through email. The questionnaires were filled and returned to the researcher and data collected was presented in percentage tables.

Findings: The study revealed among others that COVID-19 schools close down has affected the academic calendar of schools in Nigeria because major external examinations would be postponed. Also, COVID-19 schools close down has led to suspension of teaching and learning, and suspension of all extra-curriculum activities in higher institutions.

Recommendations: Based on the findings of the study, recommendations were made. The schools administrators should ensure teachers develop strategies to cover all their scheme of work for the term before going for internal examinations, the government should provide all infrastructural facilities that will support online education in all the schools in Ekiti State to prevent any eventuality of future close down of schools because of pandemic
Cognitive Based Classroom Streaming and Self Esteem among Secondary School Students in Lira District
Authors: Odongo Okello , Otyola Wandera , Loyce Kobusingye
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between cognitive based classroom streaming on students’ self-esteem among secondary school students in Lira district. It specifically analyzed the differences in the level of self-esteem between low and high ability group of students.

Methodology: The study adopted quantitative research approach. A cross sectional comparative research survey design was used to compare the level of self esteem between low and high ability group of students. A valid and reliable self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. A total of 278 students from three secondary schools were selected using systematic random and purposive sampling techniques respectively. Data was coded and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS version 23). The hypothesis was tested using independent sample t-test.

Findings: Findings revealed a significant difference in the level of self-esteem (t = 7.68, p<0.01) with high ability group of students scoring higher than low ability group. It was therefore concluded that ability grouping significantly influences students’ self-esteem.

Recommendation: The study recommended that: heterogeneous grouping, school family initiative programmes, guidance and counselling services and other co curricular activities be introduced /reinforced in schools to enable students discover their talents, build their esteem and cope with the environment.
Assessment of Some Heavy Metals in Two Species of Goby (Porogobius Schelegelii and Bathygobius Soporator) From Buguma Creek, Niger Delta
Authors: P. C. Wilfred–Ekprikpo
Published: May 2021

This study investigated the heavy metal concentrations in different organs such as gills, muscles, liver and gatro-intestinal tract (GIT) of two species of Goby: Porogobius schelegelii and Bathygobius soporator from Buguma Creek, Rivers State, Nigeria. The fish samples were collected from the creek and were preserved in ice chest box and transported to the laboratory for analysis. Samples were digested by using standard laboratory methods. The concentrations of metals were analyzed using a Varian AA240 Fast Sequential Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The Results obtained indicated that heavy metals such as Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), and Nickel (Ni) were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the liver of the two species than in the muscle, gills and the GIT. Comparatively, the concentrations of these metals were higher in the specie B.soporator than P. schelegelii in all the organs of the fishes under consideration. The heavy metal concentrations recorded in this study were above the limits recommended by Food and Agricultural Organization/ World Health Organization. The high concentration of heavy metals above permissible level suggests the need for caution during the consumption of these species from Buguma Creek due to health implications associated with heavy metals.
TÜRKÇEDE DOĞAL ÜNLEM EDATLARININ YAZIM BİÇİMLERİ
Authors: Turan DOĞAN Ahmet
Published: May 2021

Ünlem edatları, Türkçede diğer sözcük türlerine göre üzerinde daha az değerlendirmenin yapıldığı sözcük grubudur. Diğer taraftan, ünlem edatlarının kökeni, yapısı, dil bilgisel anlamları gibi konularda çalışmalar giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmalardan biri de doğal ünlem edatlarının diğer ünlem edatlarından farklılık gösteren yazım biçimlerinin araştırılmasıdır. Söz konusu çalışmada bu biçimler üzerinde durulmuştur. Ünlemler içerisinde köken bakımından herhangi bir dünya diline ait olmayan bir tür doğal refleks durumundaki doğal ünlem edatları boğumsuz seslerden oluşurlar. Dildeki boğumlu seslerden oluşan sözcüklerin aksine bunların standartları belirlenmiş bir yazım biçimi de bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada doğal ünlem edatlarının Türkiye Türkçesindeki söz konusu farklı yazım biçimleri çeşitli roman, hikâye ve derlemden seçilen örnek kullanımlarla incelenmiştir
EFFECT OF ETCHING TECHNIQUES ON THE SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF ADHESIVE PRECOATED BRACKETS BONDED IN VITRO
Authors: Bilgasem Elsanuse Saied Abdelmegeed
Published: May 2021

This study was designed to compare shear bond strength durability of two etching techniques namely conventional etching and self-etching primer techniques, when using Adhesive pre-coated brackets (APCII). Thirty extracted premolars were divided into two equal groups (group 1: etched with 37% Phosphoric acid and group 2: bonded with transbond plus self-etching primer), each group was further subdivided into three subgroups each of them contains five teeth, at different storage times: 24 hours, 30 days and 3 months. Universal testing machine was used to measure shear bond strength. T-test revealed that there was no significant difference in shear bond strength between the two etching techniques at 24 hours and 30 days, while showed a highly significant difference (P ≤ 0.01) at 3 months. For the three storage times, self-etching primer showed less adhesive remnant on the teeth than that of Phosphoric acid etching. It can be concluded that self-etching primer provided shear bond strength Comparable to that of phosphoric acid, and it has less adhesive remnant than conventional etching technique.
حساب السعة الحرارية Cpلمادة سيلينيد القصدير (SnSe) باستخدام قانون دي لوني
Authors: القايدي عمر أحمد , الذيب بسمة الهادي
Published: May 2021

باستخدام قانون دي لوني الذي يعدّ الحل العددي لديباي، تم حساب قيم نظرية للسعة الحرارية Cp كدالة في درجة الحرارة المطلقة لمادة سيلينيد القصدير (SnSe) لمجال درجة حرارة من 20K إلى 500 K، حيث كانت درجة حرارة ديباي المستخدمة هيD = 220 K θ. أوضحت النتائج أن القيم النظرية للسعة الحرارية Cp التي تم التوصل إليها بواسطة قانون دى لوني متطابقة بشكل ممتاز جداً مع البيانات التجريبية ومع توزيع لامبرتبولتزمان ودوال ديباي ذات البعد n. وهذا يؤكد أن قانون دي لوني المستنبط من قانون ديباي التكاملي قادر أيضاً على تمثيل السعة الحرارية Cp بدقة عالية.
إنتاج خرسانة خفيفة الوزن باستخدام النبات البحري (البوزيدونيا)
Authors: اللامي محمد سلمان , السعدي السعدي عبد المجيد ياسين
Published: May 2021

يستدعى التطور العمراني والظروف الاقتصادية إلى البحث عن مواد بديلة رخيصة الثمن ومتوفرة محليا يمكن إضافتها إلى الخرسانة للحصول على خرسانة خفيفة الوزن؛ لما لهذا النوع من الخرسانة من فوائد ومزايا من حيث قدرتها على العزل الحراري، والجدوى الاقتصادية من استخدامها نظرا لخفة وزنها، مما يؤدي إلى تقليل الأحمال المسلطة على العناصر الإنشائية وبالتالي تقليل الكلفة الإجمالية للمبنى من خلال الاقتصاد في تصميم تلك العناصر. يهدف البحث إلى دراسة التغيرات التي يمكن إن تحصل لبعض خواص الخرسانة مع تغيير نوع الركام العادي بنبات بحري يعرف محليا بقش البحر) البوزيدونيا(، وذلك لتوفر هذا النبات بكميات هائلة على السواحل الليبية حيث جاءت فكرة الاستفادة منه، من خلال إجراء العديد من الفحوصات المختبرية لبيان هذه التغييرات.

حيث تم إعداد وتنفيذ برنامج عملي لبيان تأثير استبدال الركام العادي بنبات البحر) البوزيدونيا( على خواص مقاومة الضغط والامتصاص والعزل الحراري والمتانة )مقاومة التعرض للمواد الكيماوية( حيث كان المتغير نسبة الماء إلى الاسمنت (W/C). أظهرت النتائج مقاومة انضغاط جيدة لخرسانة ركام النبات البحري بالرغم من تأشير نقصانا فيها بنسبه قاربت %50 مقارنة مع خرسانة الركام العادي بالمقابل كان التحسن ملحوظا في العزل الحراري لخرسانة النبات البحري بالمقارنة مع خرسانة الركام العادي.
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF WADI DARNAH WATERSHED NE LIBYA, USING GIS TECHNIQUES
Authors: Aboshaala Nouria El Hadi. A.
Published: May 2021

Wadi Darnah is about 586 km2 and lies in the northern portion of the Al Jabil AL Akhdar. The Wadi drains into the Mediterranean Sea. The present study incorporates a morphometric analysis of Wadi Darnah by using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and topographic sheets were processed in ArcGIS software. The study revealed that the drainage patterns of stream network from the basin are mainly of dendritic type which indicates homogeneity in texture and lack of structural control. The bifurcation ratio value of 4.53 indicates that the area is not much influenced by the geological structure and undisturbed drainage pattern. The study area is of the low density group basins (2.09 km-1). The elongation ratio (0.36), circularity ratio (0.14) and form factor (0.10) show elongated basin with steep relief, moderate discharge, and a long main channel. The basin has a high relief up to 850 m, which leads to a high rate of runoff but the effect of this water flow is reduced by the high infiltration capacity due to the high rate of karstification and karst features in the basin area.
TENSILE TEST TO STUDY THE QUALITY OF REINFORCING STEEL BARS
Authors: Bey Mufida Mohamed , Alshbuki Ezeddin H. , Krayem Rawad Ahmed
Published: May 2021

In this research, samples of locally manufactured and imported reinforcing steel with different diameters 14 and 16 mm were studied by conducting tensile test, which is an important mechanical test to know the properties of mechanical materials and study their behaviour by under loading two samples of each type using a general tensile testing machine type (SHUMIDUZ –UH2000). The results obtained from this test were used to find a set of properties represented in the ultimate tensile strength (σUTS), yield strength or yield point (σy), yield strain(e), and maximum strain (eMax), and there was a set of properties such as elastic modulus (E), Toughness modulus (T) and modulus of Resilience (Ur) that were mathematically calculated. The real stress and real strain for all samples were calculated too. The engineering stress and the engineering strain were presented by drawing the curves in order to show the difference. The results obtained from the tensile test showed that all samples were of steel reinforcement with protrusions of an average resistance (T30) where the yield stress values were 340-406 N/mm2, and the tensile strength values were 574-673 N/mm2which conforms to the Libyan Standard No. 75 of 2013 for concrete reinforcing steel bars. The results also showed the convergence of local samples with the imported samples.