bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of transverse cerebellar diameter/abdominal circumference ratio: a gestational age independent parameter in assessing fetal growth restriction
Authors: Chinnappan Saritha , Loganathan Malarvizhi
Published: December 2017

Background: It is important to identify fetal growth restriction (FGR) antenatally because it is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. There is difficulty in diagnosis of fetal growth restriction using standard ultrasonographic parameters as they are gestational age related and are not reliable in cases of symmetrical growth restriction. Therefore, there is a need for gestational age independent biometric parameter, which can diagnose fetal growth restriction in unknown gestational age and can diagnose both symmetric and asymmetric fetal growth restriction. In this study transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD)/abdominal circumference (AC) ratio used to diagnose fetal growth restriction. Objectives of the study were to evaluate the validity of TCD/AC ratio in diagnosing fetal growth restriction and to find out the cut-off value of TCD/AC ratio for diagnosis of fetal growth restriction.Methods: This study was carried out for 12 months and sample size was 100. Transverse cerebellar diameter, abdominal circumference measured between 20-22wks and 32-34weeks of gestation and transverse cerebellar diameter and abdominal circumference ratio calculated.Results: TCD/AC ratio was fairly constant throughout the pregnancy. Fetuses with TCD/AC ratio more than 2SD of the mean were found growth restricted on examination. The TCD/AC ratio more accurate in diagnosing fetal growth restriction (FGR).Conclusions: As the TCD/AC ratio is constant, it is a gestational age - independent parameter, can diagnose FGR in antenatal women with unknown gestational age. Hence, TCD/AC ratio can be a screening test to diagnose FGR in the antenatal period.
Managing dyspnea in pregnancy-an errand uphill: an experience from the critical care obstetric unit of a tertiary care facility in India
Authors: Marwah Sheeba , Suri Jyotsana , Mittal Pratima
Published: December 2017

Background: The occurrence of dyspnea in a gravid woman induces the query in the treating obstetrician regarding its root cause being either underlying or new cardiac or pulmonary disease, or due to the pregnancy itself. Attainment to this conclusion requires grasp of the cardiopulmonary changes befalling during normal pregnancy, as well as detection of the ailment of dyspnea during antenatal period. Objective of present study was to find out the incidence and feto-maternal outcome of patients presenting with dyspnea in pregnancy and puerperium.Methods: This study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung hospital over a period of one year, wherein review of all women who had presented with a diagnosis of dyspnea in pregnancy and puerperium, and admitted and treated in the Critical care obstetric unit of the department was done. Thorough evaluation was done and case files were exhaustively reviewed, data was anonymously extracted, and outcomes analyzed. All causes of mortality were also recorded. The primary outcome was incidence of dyspnea in pregnancy. Secondary outcomes measured were socio-demographic variables, timing of presentation-antepartum=first trimester, second trimester, third trimester/postpartum<48 hours, 3-7 days,>7 days, causative factors for dyspnea, any other obstetric complications, mode of delivery, fetal outcome (fetus weight, Apgar score, need for NICU admission), need for ICU/HDU admission, duration and course in the hospital, mortality, and cause of death in case of mortality. Data recording was done on a predesigned proforma and deciphered at the end of study and analyzed.Results: Incidence of dyspnea was 1.97% of all admissions. Pulmonary edema following hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, was the leading cause. 28.5 % women succumbed to their illness. Majority were preterm births (88/112), requiring NICU admission.Conclusions: The clinician should be able to determine the underlying cause of dyspnea, differentiating it from physiologic progesterone-induced hyperventilation. Strategy of expeditious delivery during the third trimester is often warranted after weighing fetal outcome and maternal risk in such women.
Neonatal outcome in randomized controlled trial of low dose oral misoprostol in comparison with intracervical Dinoprostone gel for labour induction
Authors: D. R. Savithri , R. Suvarna , Chennupalli Prashanthi , S. Akshatha
Published: December 2017

Background: Induction of labour is a therapeutic option when the benefits of delivery outweigh risks of continuing pregnancy. There are several agents for induction of labour to achieve better outcome of labour. Acceptable methods for induction are oxytocin infusion, dinoprostone gel, misoprostol and mechanical cervical dilators. Prostaglandins are the preferred choice in unripened cervix. To study the neonatal outcome in induction of labour with low dose oral misoprostol compared with intracervical dinoprostone gel and also to assess occurrence of meconium staining liquor.Methods: One hundred women with single live fetus, term gestation, cephalic presentation, reactive fetal heart pattern and Bishops score <6 were included in the study. They were randomized to receive either 6 doses of 25ug oral misoprostol every 3rd hourly or 0.5ug intracervical dinoprostone every 6th hourly for a maximum of 3 doses. Oxytocin was administered. Fetal outcome was assessed in terms of APGAR score, meconium staining and need for NICU.Results: Meconium stained amniotic fluid was high in misoprostol group (16%) compared to dinoprostone group (8%). NICU admissions were seen in 7 neonates in both groups.Conclusions: Low dose oral misoprostol is a safe method of labour induction. APGAR and NICU admission rates were comparable in both groups. Meconium staining was more in misoprostol group compared to dinoprostone group.
Self-medication of abortion pills and its complications: an observational study
Authors: Munshi Kavina S. , Thaker Rajal V. , Shah Jagruti M. , Mewada Bhavna N.
Published: December 2017

Background: Medical termination of pregnancy has been legalized in India since 1971. Medical abortion pill is well effective in early weeks of pregnancy. It is safe only when it is used under medical supervision. This study was carried out to analyse the complications following self-medication of abortion pills and to suggest measures to prevent such practice.Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted at our hospital from March 2017 to July 2017.Results: In present study 30 (75%) patients were in age group of 20-30 years. Illiterate patients were 22 (55%). Half of the patients, 20 (50%) were having three or more than three children. Majority of women 30 (75%) had consumed the abortion pills 1-10 days before coming to the hospital and 14 (35%) of patients had come with complain of excessive bleeding per vagina. Incomplete abortion was present in 32 (80%) of patients. Instrumental evacuation was required in 28 (87.5%) patients. Laparotomy for ruptured ectopic and rupture uterus was performed in 1 (2.5%) of each patient. 6 (15%) patients were severely anaemic. Transfusion of blood was required in 9 (22.5%) of patients.Conclusions: Medical abortion is effective and safe when carried out under medical supervision. Unsupervised use of medical abortion pills was associated with many complications like incomplete abortion, rupture ectopic and ruptured uterus. So, over the counter sale of medical abortion pill should be restricted.
Infection surveillance analysis of catheter associated urinary tract infections in obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary care hospital of Central India
Authors: Jain Mudita , Kaushal Rituja , Bharadwaj Malini
Published: December 2017

Background: The prevalence of catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) in the catheterized patients in acute care settings (catheter used for <7 days) is 3%-7%, in patients who require a urinary catheter for >7 days, it is up to 25% and it approaches 100% after 30 days. As device related hospital acquired infections are imposing major threats in surgical realm of medical sciences, this study was undertaken with the objective to asses catheter related urinary tract infections magnitude.Methods: This study was undertaken in a tertiary care setting of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of a Central Indian city. It is a prospective study conducted over a full year span from April 2016 to March 2017.Results: CAUTI was calculated as 8.95 per thousand catheter days for the whole study period. Out of the total number of 18 urinary isolates, E. Coli and Enterococcus species were more commonly implicated.Conclusions: In order to restraint the enigma, a multidisciplinary integrated approach including periodic training sessions for all health care workers based on bundled care interventions supervisory checklists etc. is needed. Aseptic techniques along with IDSA (Infectious disease society of America) guidelines/other similar protocols are recommended to bring down overall prevalence. Prudent use of antibiotics is to be accorded as per antibiotic stewardship program to combat drug resistance.
Antenatal screening for aneuploidy
Authors: Patne Smita S. , Upadhye Aditi J. , Shembekar Shantanu C. , Shembekar Chaitanya A. , Upadhye Jayshree J.
Published: December 2017

Background: It is uncertain how best to screen pregnant women for the presence of fetal Down's syndrome and other aneuploides, whether to perform first-trimester screening or to perform second-trimester screening or both.Methods: Women with singleton and multiple pregnancies underwent first-trimester combined screening (measurement of nuchal translucency, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A [PAPP-A], and the free beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin at 10 weeks 3 days through 13 weeks 6 days of gestation). Also, second-trimester quadruple screening (measurement of alpha-fetoprotein, total human chorionic gonadotropin, unconjugated estriol, and inhibin A) and triple marker test was done from 15 to 18 weeks of gestation.Results: 12 (5%) patients had positive screening test for combined screening in first trimester, 6 (10.9%) patients had positive screening for quadruple test while 1 (2.85%) patients had positive screening for triple test. Out of 19 positive screening, 16 (84.21%) had their amniocentesis done for confirmation of diagnosis. In all 16 patients, chromosomal analysis was normal. Not a single patient turned out to have a baby with Down syndrome or any other aneuploidy. False positive rate for combined screening in first trimester was 5%, false positive rate for quadruple test in second trimester was 10.9%, false positive rate for triple marker test in second trimester was 2.85%.Conclusions: First-trimester combined screening is better than second-trimester quadruple test or triple marker test for syndrome or any other aneuploidy.
Efficacy of combination of tablet mifepristone and misoprostol for first trimester pregnancy termination at different gestational age
Authors: Bhojwani Poonam , Meena Pragati , Verma Gajendra Singh
Published: December 2017

Background: Medical method of abortion is a safe, effective and affordable method for first trimester termination. However, nausea, vomiting, diarhoea, excess bleeding and incomplete abortion are known side effects. The aim of study was to compare the success rate of abortions in both groups, to compare the induction-abortion interval in both groups and to study the side effects of the drugs.Methods: This study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology, NIMS Medical College, Jaipur, India during June 2017-August 2017. Total hundred cases were taken and divided into two groups. Group A was gestational age upto 49 days, Group B was gestational age 50-63 days. Both groups were given tab. mifepristone 200mg. followed by 48 hrs. by 4 tablets of tab misoprostol.Results: The results of the given regimen were highly successful and complete abortion was achieved in 96% and 94% in group A and group B respectively. The difference between two groups was statistically not significant (p value =0.64). Failure rates were seen in only 4% of group A and 6% of group B. Pain abdomen was seen in 16% of group A and 38% of group B patients. The difference between both groups was statistically significant (p value=0.02). Nausea was seen in 10% of group A and 30% of group B patients. The difference between both groups is statistically significant(p value=0.018).Conclusions: First trimester pregnancy can be successfully terminated with combination of mifepristone and misoprostol upto 63 days (9 weeks) of pregnancy.
A prospective comparative study of oral and vaginal misoprostol after pre-treatment with single dose of mifepristone for second trimester abortion
Authors: Bhaskar Aastha , Kaushik Richa , Kumar Ashwani
Published: December 2017

Background: Misoprostol is a synthetic PGE1 analogue which induces cervical ripening as well as strong uterine contractions and leads to expulsion of pregnancy. Misoprostol has been shown to have several advantages over other prostaglandins; it is cheap, stable at room temperature and can be given by various routes. Administration of mifepristone 24 to 48 hours before misoprostol decreases mean induction time which varies with route of administration of misoprostol.Methods: 50 women with single intrauterine pregnancy with gestational age 13-20 weeks, admitted in labour room of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak for termination of pregnancy (on account of missed abortion, absent liquor or gross congenital malformation)  were given 200 mg of mifepristone orally after taking written informed consent and excluding scarred uterus, placenta praevia, bronchial asthma, any cardiovascular disease, clotting disorder, long term use of glucocorticoids and history of glaucoma. Then they were randomized into two groups of 25 women each. Group I included 25 women who received oral misoprostol and group II included 25 women who received vaginal misoprostol. Complete abortion was defined as successful expulsion of both foetus and placenta without any intervention. Failure was defined as cases with incomplete expulsion or incomplete dilatation or no dilatation.Results: The mean number of doses of misoprostol used in groups I and group II were 2.80±1.19 and 2.20±0.86 respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p value 0.04). Out of 25 patients included in each group, 64% (n=16) in group I and 80% (n=20) in group II patients had complete expulsion with misoprostol and remaining 36% (n=9) in group I and 20% (n=5) in group II either needed syntocinon or post expulsion evacuation for retained product of conceptions and who did not respond to the given doses of misoprostol at all required mechanical dilatation and evacuation. But this difference was not statistically significant. The mean induction abortion interval in cases of complete expulsion observed in group I was 10.74±4.12 hours and 8.67±3.23 hours in group II which was statistically significant (p value 0.05).Conclusions: Vaginal route is better than oral route for second trimester termination of pregnancy as it requires less number of Misoprostol doses and shorter induction abortion interval.
A randomized comparative study of exteriorization of uterus versus in situ intra-peritoneal repair at cesarean delivery
Authors: Chauhan Sapna , P. K. Syamala Devi
Published: December 2017

Background: Various caesarean delivery techniques have been compared in the past to assess the associated short-term and long-term advantages and disadvantages. Although uterine exteriorization at caesarean section is popular among obstetricians, safety of this technique remains a disputed matter. The aim of the present study was to compare the influence of uterine exteriorization or in situ repair on caesarean section morbidity.Methods: In this prospective, randomized, controlled study, 200 pregnant women with indication for caesarean delivery were randomized as 100 patients each in the exteriorization group and in the in-situ group. Data on mean time taken for uterine incision closure, intra-operative blood loss and post-operative morbidities were collected and compared between the two groups for statistical analysis.Results: A statistically significant trend towards lesser mean time taken for the uterine wound repair was observed in the exteriorization group. However significantly more number of patients had increased post-operative pain and need for additional analgesia in exteriorization group. There was no significant difference with respect to intra-operative blood loss and incidence of nausea and vomiting; incidence of post-operative endomyometritis, febrile morbidity, wound infection, time taken for return of bowel function and length of hospital stay among the two groups.Conclusions: We concluded that uterine exteriorization and in situ repair have similar post-operative caesarean section morbidity outcomes. However, in situ repair of uterus was associated with lesser post-operative pain, and exteriorization of uterus was associated with lesser operating time.
Fertility and ulipristal acetate case report of two spontaneous pregnancies in the same patient following one cycle of treatment
Authors: Pereira Joana Lopes , Pinto Pedro Viana , Costa Ana Rosa , Beires Jorge
Published: December 2017

Ulipristal acetate (UPA) is an oral selective progesterone receptor modulator. It is one of the most recent alternatives in the management of symptomatic fibroids and its safety and effectiveness have already been demonstrated in several studies. Nevertheless, there is few evidence regarding its use in the subgroup of women who experience fertility issues and desire to conceive. The authors report a case of a 39- years-old woman with abnormal uterine bleeding and anemia. She had had an uncomplicated pregnancy some years before and was trying to have a second child. She was treated for 3 months with UPA, at a daily dose of 5 mg, per os, followed by a ressectoscopic myomectomy. After five months, she conceived spontaneously and had an uneventful pregnancy. She then remained asymptomatic and almost two years after she was pregnant again. This case supports the idea that UPA is a valid alternative in patients still have a desire to conceive and thus want to avoid surgery. Even tough larger studies on the subject are required, UPA may become very important role in the management of fibroids in the infertility context.
Spontaneous expulsion of a large infarcted endometrial polyp
Authors: Brar Rupinder K. , Deshpande Archana H. , Gargade Chitrawati B. , Singh Ashok
Published: December 2017

A 30-year-female presented to gynaecology OPD with history of polymenorrhea for two months.  Cervical scrape smear was negative for intraepithelial lesion/malignancy. The importance of sending the tissue for histopathological examination cannot be undermined considering the fact that the differential diagnosis includes malignancy.
Analisis End-User Computing Satisfaction pada Online Public Access Catalogue “Izylib” di Lingkungan Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
Authors: Restanti Anisa Sri , Astuti Endah Yuni , Munjiati Munjiati , Nurwijayanti Utik , Widianingtias Sayekti
Published: December 2017

Pada masa ini, dunia kepustakawanan mengalami masa transisi yang sangat besar terlihat dari sisi koleksi, sumber daya manusia, serta fasilitas fisik perpustakaan. Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) merupakan salah satu fasilitas penelusuran informasi yang diberikan untuk memudahkan temu kembali informasi di perpustakaan. Terdapat berbagai tampilan OPAC sesuai dengan software yang digunakan. Sejak tahun 2011 Perpustakaan di lingkungan Unsoed memberikan fasilitas OPAC Izylib. Meskipun demikian, sampai saat ini belum pernah dilakukan sebuah kajian mengenai kepuasan pemustaka terhadap pemanfaatan fasilitas tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan tipe deskriptif dengan model analisis end-user computing satisfaction. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis tingkat kepuasan pemustaka dalam memanfaatkan OPAC Izylib di lingkungan Unsoed. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan pemustaka terhadap Online Public Access Catalogue “Izylib” di lingkungan Universitas Jenderal Soedirman berada pada kategori puas ditunjukkan dengan nilai mean 92,26. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut pengelola perpustakaan khususnya tim TI hendaknya dapat melakukan evaluasi sehinga tingkat kepuasan pemustaka terhadap pemanfaatan OPAC meningkat menjadi sangat puas.
In vitro effects of 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid dimethylamine salt and enrofloxacin on BTH
Authors: Kaya Mustafa Oguzhan
Published: December 2017

In this study, the in vitro effects of enrofloxacin, a broad spectrum antibiotic, and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid dimethylamine salt that, a herbicide, on the bovine testicular hyaluronidase (BTH) were analyzed. BTH was purified using the method of ammonium sulfate precipitation and using affinity gel (Sepharose-4B-L-tyrosine-m-anisidine). Then the inhibiting effects of enrofloxacin and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid dimethylamine salt on the purified BTH enzyme were identified. IC50 values of these chemical substances were found to be 0.3101 and 0.4276 mM, respectively.
Effect of rhizobial nod factors (lipo­chitooligosaccharide) on seedling growth of blackgram under salt stress
Authors: Nandhini D. Udhaya , Somasundaram E. , Amanullah M. Mohamed
Published: December 2017

A study was carried out to examine the performance of blackgram seedlings under varying levels of salinity and to ascertain the remedial effect of lipo chitooligosaccharide (LCO) against salinity stress. Higher germination percentage, root and shoot length, vigour index and salt tolerance index and lower phytotoxicity of roots and shoots (0) were observed in control (no salinity) treatment irrespective of priming. Salinity negatively influenced the seedling growth and as the salinity increased the seedling growth characters were drastically reduced. The nod factor treated blackgram seedlings had relatively higher germination percentage , root and shoot length, vigour index and salt tolerance index and lower phytotoxicity of roots and shoots. Seed priming with nod factor was found to have significant effect on eliminating the effects of salinity.
Stability of mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] genotypes for seed yield during summer
Authors: Kuchanur Prakash H. , Konda C. R. , Hiremath Channayya , G. Vijayakumar A.
Published: December 2017

Experiments were conducted to study the stability performance over three environments for seed yield in mungbean cultivars during summer. Twenty two genotypes were evaluated by using randomized complete block design with three replications. The analysis of variance at individual locations showed significant differences among genotypes. Further, pooled analysis of variance over environments displayed highly significant differences among the genotypes, environments and G×E interaction and the contribution of genotypes, environments and G x E to the total variability were 31.94, 40.74 and 12.52 per cent, respectively. Based on the stability parameters genotypes, Co-6, LGG 460 and Pusa 7092 were found stable and high yielding across the years during summer.
Growth and productivity of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under varying levels and sources of sulphur in semi-arid conditions of Rajasthan
Authors: Yadav Nagesh , Yadav S. S. , Yadav Neelam , Yadav M. R. , Kumar Rakesh , Yadav L. R. , Yadav L. C. , Sharma O. P.
Published: December 2017

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy research farm, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner during kharif, 2015 in order to evaluate the performance of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under varying levels of sulphur and its sources. Results of experiment revealed that CGR of crop during 0 - 35 DAS registered significant increase upto application of sulphur at 45 kg/ha. However, at later stages of growth the significant increase was noted upto 60 kg S/ha only. Application of sulphur at 60 kg/ha recorded a significant increase of 6.1 per cent in RGR over 15 kg/ha during 70 DAS – at harvest stage. Likewise, application of 60 kg S/ha also significantly enhanced the number of total and effective nodules as well as fresh and dry weight of nodules/plant and produced significantly higher pod and biological yields of groundnut (1832 and 5361 kg/ha) than 45, 30 and 15 kg/ha. Application of sulphur through gypsum recorded significant increase in plant height and dry matter accumulation/m row length at all the stages of crop over SSP and elemental sulphur treatments. The maximum CGR at all the stages of crop was recorded when sulphur was applied through gypsum. Sulphur application through SSP registered 13.9, 9.8 and 21.4 per cent increase in CGR over elemental sulphur at these stages, respectively. On the other hand, SSP and gypsum increased the RGR by 7.2 and 6.3 per cent, respectively over elemental sulphur. Gypsum as a sources of sulphur fertilization recorded the highest number of 62.30 total and 55.00 effective nodules/plant and as well as fresh and dry weight of nodules (229.87 and 102.00 mg/plant) thereby increasing to the extent of 22.1, 27.6, 23.9 and 18.9 per cent over elemental sulphur. Sulphur application through gypsum produced 13.1 and 10.2 per cent higher pod and biological yield of groundnut over elemental sulphur.
SNP marker-based genetic mapping of rust resistance gene in the vegetable cowpea landrace ZN016
Authors: Wu Xinyi , Wang Baogen , Wu Xiaohua , Lu Zhongfu , Li Guojing , Xu Pei
Published: December 2017

Cowpea rust, caused by Uromyces vignae, is one of the most destructive foliar diseases in cowpea [V. unguiculata. (L.) Walp]. Deployment of rust-resistant cultivars is the most environment-friendly and effective way to curb this disease. For this purpose, a fundamental step is to map the rust resistance genes in elite germplasm lines. In the current study, one major and two minor QTLs conferring rust resistance were detected in a 119-line recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the rust resistant line “ZN016” and a susceptible cultivar “Zhijiang 282”, using the state-of-the-art cowpea iSelect Consortium Array.The major QTL, designated as Ruv1, was mapped to a 12.48 cM interval between the SNP markers 2_01772 and 2_03292 on LG09, which explained 34.8% of the phenotypic variation. The minor QTLs, designated as Ruv2 and Ruv3, were mapped to a 7.01 cM interval on LG7 and a 6.19 cM interval on LG8, which accounted for 13.4% and 11.9% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the Consortium SNP Array on complex trait mapping and solidifies the basis for marker-assisted breeding of new cowpea varieties with improved rust resistance.
Character association and assessment of yield loss in pigeonpea cultivars infested by pod fly and bruchid
Authors: Gandhi B. Kiran , Kaur Sanjay M. Bandi , Satheesh Naik S. J. , Satheesh Naik S. J. , Singh S. K. , Kumar Krishna
Published: December 2017

Field studies were conducted at IIPR, Kanpur, India to estimate the intensity of field infestation on pigeonpea by pod fly and bruchids, and whether or not the phenotypic characters of the pigeonpea related to infestation caused by these insects. A total 32 long duration pigeonpea cultivars and advanced breeding lines were planted in augmented design along with check ‘Bahar’ and evaluated on the basis of exit holes and windows per pod, seed damage (%) by pod fly maggot and bruchid grub, 100 damaged seeds weight and relative resistant rating. Breeding line IPA-92 and a cultivar MA-3 were found to be highly resistant against pod fly, preventing them from crafting exit holes on pods and seed damage (%). Bruchid (C. chinensis and C. maculatus) was vulnerable to make windows on pods damaging the seeds of cultivars viz., IPA-15-1, IPA-15-5, IPA-15-7, IPA-15-10, IPA-15-12, IPA-15-14, MA-3, IPA-92, AZAD, IPA-234, BSMR-736, IPA-13-1 and IPA-37. Correlation studies revealed that pod fly infestation was the major biotic factor, which causes significant seeds damage and yield reduction in pigeonpea cultivars and advanced breeding lines. Those cultivars and breeding lines exhibited resistant reaction on pod fly and bruchids infestation might be used as donors in resistance breeding programme and including in IPM modules against these insect pests.
Structural behaviour of concrete filled hollow steel sections exposed to parametric fire
Authors: Dimia Mohammed Salah , Sekkiou Soumia , Baghdadi Mohamed , Guenfoud Mohamed
Published: December 2017

This article analyzes steel-concrete composite columns subjected to natural fire scenarios in order to verify that the possibility of structural collapse during or after the cooling phase is real. The main objectives of this study are: first, to highlight the phenomenon of delayed collapse of this type of columns during or after the cooling phase of a fire, and then analyze the influence of some determinant parameters, such as section size, tube thickness, reinforcement (ratio), concrete cover and column length. The results show that critical conditions with respect to delayed failure arise for massive sections, small values of the steel tube thickness and for columns with massive section.
A hybrid multi-objective algorithm to predict the characteristics of soil profiles from seismic ground motion records
Authors: Harichane Zamila , Khellafi Mourad A. , Sadouki Amina
Published: December 2017

The underlying goal of this study is to present an efficient algorithm to identify soil parameters such as thicknesses, shear wave velocities, damping and others parameters of subsurface layers, and site amplification characteristics (natural frequencies, peak amplitudes) from a given pair of seismic records. It is a hybrid procedure combining the stochastic genetic algorithms (GAs) optimization method, to find a point close to the global optimum in the global search phase, and a gradient based local determinist method (Levenberg-Marquardt: LM), to refine the solution. To improve the performance of the global search phase, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to minimize the errors between some characteristics of the theoretical amplification function and the experimental one of vertical array records. The weighted sum method which combines the weighted objectives into a single objective function is used to solve the optimization problem. The efficiency of the present algorithm is proven by several examples. Results show that the scheme works well and the curve fitting was always satisfying. Also, the proposed procedure leads to good approximations, requiring a lower computational effort, yet with good rates of convergence. Moreover, neither the growing number of parameters nor the vastness of the search space reduces the efficiency of the algorithm in predicting the characteristics of soil profiles and site amplification commonly required in seismic risk mitigation.
Cognitive Development Is a Reconstruction Process That May Follow Different Pathways: The Case of Number
Authors: Lautrey Jacques
Published: December 2017

Some cognitive functions, shared by humans and certain animals, were acquired early in the course of phylogeny and, in humans, are operational in their primitive form shortly after birth. This is the case for the quantification of discrete objects. The further phylogenetic evolution of the human brain allows such functions to be reconstructed in a much more sophisticated way during child development. Certain functional characteristics of the brain (plasticity, multiple cognitive processes involved in the same response, interactions and substitution relationships between those processes) provide degrees of freedom that open up the possibility of different pathways of reconstruction. The within- and between-individual variability of these developmental pathways offers an original window on the dynamics of development. Here, I will illustrate this theoretical approach to cognitive development—which can be called “reconstructivist” and “pluralistic”—using children's construction of number as an example.
KONFLIK PERAN GANDA DAN KEBERFUNGSIAN KELUARGA PADA IBU YANG BEKERJA
Authors: AKBAR ZARINA , KARTIKA KHARISMA
Published: December 2017

This research aimed to determine the influence of work-family conflict to the family functioning between working mother. The research using quantitative. The sample were 100 working mother (n = 100) by using the method purposive sampling . The data using a questionnaire with an instrument work- family conflict scales (40 item) and family assessment device (52 item). Statistical data is done by using Rasch Model in the form of software Winstep and SPSS 23.0. Results of research indicate that there is influence of work-family conflict to the family functioning between working mother. The value of Fhit> Ftabel (59,08> 3,94) and R square value equal to 0, 376.
REGULASI EMOSI PADA GURU DITINJAU DARI STATUS PERNIKAHAN
Authors: ARIYANI MIRA , NISSA SHARA ZAKIA
Published: December 2017

Emotion regulation is an individual process based on an individual's knowledge of emotions and emotional management, and expressive behavior, in which the process can be executed consciously in order to achieve goals, especially for social purposes. The study aims to find out the difference of emotional regulation in teacher context in terms of marital status (single, married, and divorced). This research uses quantitative method, with 138 subjects. The instrument used is an adoption of Emotion Regulation Questionnaire/ERQ (Gross & John, 2003). ERQ measures two aspects that are specific strategies of emotional regulation, namely: reappraisal and suppression.Hypothesis testing uses one-way anova. The results showed that there are significant differences of reappraisal emotion regulation in single, married, and divorced teachers (p < Î± ; 0,034 < 0,05). Whereas suppression emotion regulation is no significant difference in single, married, and divorced teachers (p > Î± ; 0,171 > 0,05).
“Ciao Prof!” La pragmatica del saluto negli apprendenti di madrelingua tedesca
Authors: Colombo Sara
Published: December 2017

Scopo del presente contributo è l’indagine della realizzazione dell’atto linguistico del saluto in una prospettiva di pragmatica interlinguistica acquisizionale di tipo trasversale. Uno studio empirico condotto sulla base di un questionario aperto ha permesso di confrontare le produzioni di parlanti nativi (italiani) e non nativi (tedeschi) con diversi livelli di competenza (A-BC), alla ricerca di schemi di realizzazione e specificità del saluto a seconda della situazione comunicativa e in presenza di interlocutori diversi. I dati raccolti mostrano che la variatio nella scelta delle formule di saluto aumenta parallelamente all’aumentare del livello di competenza in italiano. Dal confronto tra le produzioni di nativi e non nativi sono emerse realizzazioni simili riguardo alla loro struttura e composizione (saluti diretti e saluti indiretti): forme altamente routinizzate si osservano in situazioni caratterizzate da un alto grado di formalità, distanza e in presenza di un interlocutore superiore nella scala gerarchica, mentre in situazioni opposte si notano strutture molto più complesse e varie (non tutte presenti nelle produzioni di apprendenti di diversi livelli).
Review: Chini, Marina (a cura di). (2015). Il parlato in (italiano) L2:aspetti pragmatici e prosodici. [(Italian) L2 spoken discourse: Prosodic and pragmatic aspects]. Milano, Italia: Franco Angeli.
Authors: Torregrossa Jacopo
Published: December 2017

The volume edited by Marina Chini serves as a forum for discussion among scholars working in interlanguage prosody and pragmatics. Pragmatics is understood here in a broad sense, encompassing the encoding of informational notions in sentence structure, categories of discourse management, and features of discourse interactions in educational settings. In this review I provide an overall evaluation of the volume together with a brief summary of the individual contributions.
The Relevance of the Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Approaches to Promote Interaction in EFL Classroom
Authors: Muhayimana Theophile
Published: December 2017

This paper that is a theoretical inquiry by design aimed at analyzing the importance and implications of the Vygotskian sociocultural approaches (VSA) on teaching and learning English as a foreign language (EFL). Scholarship indicated that EFL learners’ problems are tightly linked to the class culture that oftentimes involves teacher-centered instruction, rote learning, and restricted learner’s involvement and self-motivation in the learning process. It is the premise of this paper that revisiting the class culture and use the VSA will contribute a great deal to addressing some of communication and classroom interaction issues in EFL context. First, at the onset, the paper discussed the relevance of the framework to the teaching and learning of EFL. Second, the study delved into the literature that reviewed the four fundamental components of the framework that are tightly related to promoting language learning and classroom interaction. These concepts include social environment and use of tools vis-à-vis the learning and development process, scaffolding, and the notion of the zone of proximal development. Third, the paper looked into the implications of the VSA on enhancing interaction in EFL classroom that focused on knowledge about learners to better assist them, promotion of classroom discourse, and collaborative learning environment. Fourth, the conclusion underscored the paramount importance of the collaborative learning environment to sustain classroom interaction; that ending section also shed light on the limitations of the VSA and strategies to alleviate them.
Soil-erosion research on the determination of the degree of potential hazards of mining-brown stepped soils of the Quba-Khachmas zone in Azerbaijan
Authors: Aliev Zakir Gusein ogly
Published: December 2017

On the plots under sowing of field crops traits for which you can define the degree of soil erosion are projective cover and height plants. Enthusiastically steepness of slopes the possibility of using cultivated crops as indicators of soil erosion is reduced. The degree of soil erosion of natural grassland can be estimated based on existing dependencies between the grass plants and extent of soil erosion. Pretty strong erosion of soils of sloping meadows can be recognized for environmental regimes of vegetation habitats.
Investigation of Possibility of Applying Gas Turbine Installations for Utilization of Associated Petroleum Gas with High Nitrogen Content at Oil Fields of Udmurt Republic
Authors: Fakhraziev I I , Merzlyakova K S , Didenko V N
Published: December 2017

Статья посвящена исследованию возможности применения газотурбинных установок (ГТУ) для утилизации попутного нефтяного газа (ПНГ) с высоким содержанием азота ( N2 ) в качестве основного топлива. Компонентный состав нефтяного газа представляет собой смесь предельных углеводородов, включающую метан, этан, пропан, бутан, изобутан и другие углеводороды, процентное соотношение которых варьируется от места нефтяного промысла, в зависимости от геологических особенностей. Эксплуатируемые месторождения Удмуртской Республики (УР) характеризуются добычей тяжелой, трудно извлекаемой нефти с попутным нефтяным газом, содержащим значительное количество азота и поэтому обладающим низкой теплотой сгорания, что существенно затрудняет его методы утилизации. Обычно такой газ сразу сбрасывается в атмосферу или бесполезно сжигается на факельных установках: в обоих случаях это негативно сказывается на состоянии окружающей среды. В Постановлении Правительства Российской Федерации (РФ) от 8 ноября 2012 года № 1148 устанавливается целевой показатель сжигания ПНГ на факеле: не более 5 % от общего количества получаемого газа. При превышении этого предельно допустимого показателя применяются повышающие коэффициенты, влияющие на размер выплат штрафов. Данные меры должны стимулировать нефтяные компании к разработке проектов по эффективному использованию попутного нефтяного газа. Существует несколько рациональных методов утилизации ПНГ: например, использование его в качестве сырья для нефтехимической промышленности или топлива для различных установок, вырабатывающих электрическую энергию и теплоту. В данной статье исследуется возможность утилизации попутного нефтяного газа с высоким содержанием азота путем его сжигания в когенерационных газотурбинных установках с преимущественной выработкой электроэнергии.
Facade Cement Silicate Coating for Ceramic Bricks
Authors: Shaibadullina A V , Yakovlev G I , Grakhov V P , Polyanskikh I S
Published: December 2017

Разработано фасадное декоративное покрытие на основе жидкого натриевого стекла и портландцемента, модифицированное комплексной ультра- и нанодисперсной добавкой, включающей диоксид титана, вспученный перлитовый песок и дисперсию многослойных углеродных нанотрубок. Преимуществом разработанного покрытия является использование в качестве силикатизатора портландцемента вместо традиционно используемого оксида цинка. Разработанное цементно-силикатное покрытие обладает водостойкостью, хорошим сцеплением с основанием, паро- и газопроницаемостью, имеет повышенную долговечность со сроком службы покрытиия, превышающим существующие аналоги в 4-5 раз. Наличие в составе покрытия многослойных углеродных нанотрубок приводит к поглощению техногенного электромагнитного излучения. Вспученный перлитовый песок, входящий в состав силикатного покрытия, позволяет придать ему рельефную поверхность при нанесении на основание. Применение разработанного фасадного цементно-силикатного покрытия возможно по поверхности силикатсодержащих материалов (кирпич, цементный бетон, известково-цементная штукатурка).
Numerical Modeling of the Gas Dynamics of the Safety Valve
Authors: Reader T , Tenenev V A , Koroleva M R , Mischenkova O V , Voevodina O A
Published: December 2017

Рассматриваются газодинамические процессы в полости предохранительного клапана с определением силового воздействия газового потока на диск с учетом нестационарности и сжимаемости потока. Предохранительный клапан представляет собой механизм, автоматически открывающийся при повышении давления выше рабочего и закрывающийся при снижении давления до рабочего или несколько ниже него. Задачей расчета предохранительных клапанов является определение пропускной способности, подбор характеристик пружины к ним, динамических усилий, возникающих при срабатывании предохранительного клапана. Известные математические модели работы клапанов, описывающие движения диска под действием сил со стороны газа и пружины, основанные либо на применении эмпирических коэффициентов, либо на сложно реализуемом решении задачи о газодинамических процессах, осуществляемых в трехмерной постановке с использованием пакета ANSYS. В данной статье обосновывается возможность численного моделирования основных газодинамических характеристик клапана на основе решения осесимметричных уравнений газовой динамики. Для численного решения системы газодинамических уравнений с осевой симметрией применяется метод контрольного объема. Параметры газа на границах контрольных объемов определяются по методу С. К. Годунова с использованием автомодельного решения задачи о распаде произвольного разрыва. В расчете применяется структурированная ортогональная разностная сетка, построенная комплексным методом граничных элементов и отображающая криволинейную расчетную область на прямоугольник. Записана математическая модель движения диска клапана с учетом нестационарного изменения давления в емкости, в которой регулируется давление. Получены результаты численного моделирования нестационарного процесса открытия и закрытия клапана. Проведенное численное моделирование газодинамических процессов в предохранительном пружинном клапане прямого действия показало, что течение в области, расположенной выше по потоку от диска, имеет осевую симметрию. Звуковая линия, «запирающая» эту область от возмущений ниже по потоку, преобладающее время соприкасается с краем диска. Результаты эксперимента подтверждают динамику открытия клапана, рассчитанную по рассматриваемому методу.
Image Recognition Algorithm from the Electricity Metering Devices
Authors: Ryabov P I , Vologdin S V , Maksimova V V
Published: December 2017

Работы по распознаванию изображений с приборов учета электроэнергии проводятся в рамках совместного проекта филиала Удмуртэнерго ПАО «МРСК Центра и Приволжья» и ИжГТУ имени М. Т. Калашникова по разработке автоматизированной системы «Мобильный энергоучет». При рассмотрении вопроса измерения количества потребляемой энергии в условиях, когда полная замена устаревших приборов на автоматизированные информационно-измерительные системы коммерческого учета в короткий срок невозможна, возникает необходимость в автоматизированной верификации показаний. Автоматизация проверки корректности снятия показаний позволяет увеличить точность измерения отпуска электроэнергии, что в свою очередь ведет к уменьшениям убытков. Для достижения данной цели используются фотографии приборов учета, сделанные контролерами на терминал. Изображения обрабатываются алгоритмом, который распознает показания приборов, и далее заносятся в базу данных потребления электроэнергии. Перед распознаванием изображение анализируется на предмет расположения объектов с последующим исправлением искажений. Процесс предобработки состоит из нескольких этапов нахождения контуров объектов и их изменения. Для этого используются детектор Канни, преобразования Хафа, а также аффинные преобразования для корректировки положения объектов на изображении. Данный метод в дальнейшем позволяет более точно извлекать искомую информацию. В алгоритме распознавания используется метод Виолы - Джонса, который эффективен при работе с большим количеством данных на маломощных вычислительных машинах. Также данный метод прост в использовании, что позволяет в короткие сроки адаптироваться к появлению новых видов приборов учета с ранее неучтенными элементами при обучении. Описанный процесс обработки информации позволяет быстро обрабатывать большой массив информации с достаточной точностью, что позволяет увеличить достоверность данных при учете отпускаемой электроэнергии.
Organization of Data Access Based on Binary Rules in an Intelligent Testing System
Authors: Yusupov R R , Vologdin S V , Beltyukov A P
Published: December 2017

В данной статье рассматривается один из уровней защиты информации, а именно модель контроля доступа к данным, в которой реализуется принцип работы системы разграничения прав на основе бинарных правил. Актуальность данной темы обосновывается в наше время необходимостью ограничения доступа к данным практически в любых системах, где имеется какая-либо организационная структура среди пользователей. Целью данной работы является повышение безопасности хранимых данных путем ограничения доступа к ним. Принцип работы системы состоит в том, что у каждого пользователя есть право или набор прав, которые определяют уровень доступа к информации для данного пользователя. Совокупность прав представляется в виде двоичного числа, где длина числа определяется количеством всевозможных прав. Для апробации этого подхода по разграничению прав была использована интеллектуальная система тестирования (ИСТ), в которой данный подход представлен как один из модулей ИСТ. Итогом всей работы является реализация алгоритма предоставления доступа к данным на основе бинарных правил, которая поможет значительно повысить уровень безопасности системы, в которой данный алгоритм будем применен. Представленный материал будет полезен для специалистов по информационной безопасности .