bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Natural Feed on Feed Consumption Level and Feed Conversion Ratio of Tropical Abalone Haliotis asinina on Sea Cage
Authors: Hadijah
Published: January 2017

The research was conducted from June to August 2015 in Barrang Lompo Island, District Ujung Tanah, Makassar. The animal sample used was abalone measuring 3 - 4 cm with the initial weight 6.2 g. The experimental design in this reaserch used Completely Randomized Design (CRD). There are three kinds of treatment are (A) Gracillaria sp., (B) Halymenia sp., and (C) Sargassum sp. The results showed that the different types of feed giving a very significant influence towards of level consumption and feed convertion ratio (FCR). The highest level of feed consumption on feed treatment is Gracillaria sp., while the best feed conversion ratio on feed treatment is Sargassum sp.
The Regional Distribution Map of Carbohydrate Producer and the Feed Material Quality of Vannamei Shrimp in South Sulawesi
Authors: Zainuddin  , Aslamyah Siti , Haryati
Published: January 2017

Shrimp needs a high protein of feed to get a maximum growth. Generally, the optimal growth of shrimp will be reached when protein content up to 40 – 50%. But in other side, when the protein substance in a feed is too high, it may decrease the water quality of cultivation media. One of ways that can be done is minimize a feed protein content and change it with carbohydrates in high protein so that, the energy from protein sources can be used to maximize a growth but the energy just for metabolism and the activity is gotten from carbohrydrates. It is needed to know the production of potential area for providing carbohydrate material source of shrimp feed in South Sulawesi. Based on the research result, there are five regencies which the highest producer of carbohydrates that takes from paddy field, paddy of unirrigated field, sweet potato, and cassava. They are Bone, Wajo, Gowa, Pinrang and Sidrap, while for corn carbohydrates comes from Jeneponto, Gowa, and Bantaeng. Luwu regency, North Luwu, East Luwu and Palopo are sago producer in South Sulawesi. The result of laboratory testing shows that sweet potato flour has a highest glucose and fructose content about 4.49% and 4.23%. The highest starch content can be gotten at soft corn flour about 59.81% then followed by pulverize rice about 57.58%, and also the tapioca flour about 57.06%.
Dynamic Modeling System for Analysis Smelter Development Plan in National Baluran Park, Situbondo
Authors: Listriyana Ani , Zikra Muhammad , Rosyid Daniel M.
Published: January 2017

This Studies in several countries, the waste from the nickel smelter cause adverse effects on the environment, which indirectly affect the economy condition. Plan development of Nickel smelter which is directly adjacent to the national park Baluran in Situbondo quite disturbing some people. National park has a beach about 48 km long with a stretch of coral reef 5-10 meters out to sea into creating high productivity in these waters, especially various types of reef fish such as grouper. The highest numbers of catches are in district Banyuputih where the glaze was located 1734.65 tons in 2011, followed by the District Besuki with catches of 964.20 tons. In general activities in the nickel smelting are result some waste such as heavy metals such as Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, waste heat from cooling water and wastewater canal SO2. Heavy metals and waste heatare potential adverse impact on the coral reefs, fish capture fisheries and the other marine commodities. While waste SO2 causes acid rain damage potential plant of agriculture, fisheries not only in the park but it could be damaging crops in the National Park that have an effect on the scenery, the number of visitors, and reduce operating revenues derived from the national park. We use the concept of gaming between actors to estimate the associated policy goal of this smelter. As for observing the behavior of the system over the next 10-30 years used the dynamics modeling system with 3 scenarios. Optimist scenario(there is Green smelter), excisting scenario(Condition without smelter) and pessimist scenario(there is non green smelter).
A Petri Net Model and its Simulation for Straddle Carrier Direct-System Operation in a Container Terminal
Authors: Prayoga Putu Hangga Nan , Shinoda Takeshi
Published: January 2017

This paper presents a petri net model for examining effectiveness of straddle carrier direct-system operation. Dynamic of operation is addressed by formal petri net model that affiliates types of operation and sequences of motion for various agents in container terminal. An interchange model in the petri net is introduced to represent transloading process that controls the flow of containers between agents. In addition, simulation model was developed to examine the deployment scenarios of gantry cranes, straddle carriers and truck slots at transfer point. The results suggest terminal performance indicators such as level of productivity, waiting time and equipment’s idle time for each deployment scenarios which is beneficial as decision support systems for efficient management of terminal equipment.
Introducing 4M Overturned Pyramid (MOP) Model to Analyze Accidents in Maritime Traffic System (MTS): A Case Study on Collisions in Japan Based on Occurrence Time
Authors: Mutmainnah Wanginingastuti , Sulistiyono Achmadi Bambang , Furusho Masao
Published: January 2017

This paper applies the 4M overturned pyramid (MOP) model to analyze collisions in Japan with the point of view of occurrence time, i.e., day, night, and twilight time. The MOP model is a newly developed model by the authors. Utilizing this model, the characteristics of accidents in a certain place and certain period can be determined to identify the most common causative factors and line relation leading to the accident. In this study, 20 accident reports that have been re-analyzed by the MOP model obtained from the JTSB website for the period 2008-2013.
Profile of Capture Fisheries in the Southern of East Java as the Basis for the Development of Fishing Ports
Authors: Rosana Nurul , Prasita Viv Djanat
Published: January 2017

Data on capture fisheries in the southern region of East Java is a source of information that can be used to analyze the profile of fisheries that can be used as a reference in developing the port of fisheries especially in the southern region of East Java. The research objective was to determine the profile of fisheries in the southern region of East Java as the basis for the development of Fishery Port. The method used is descriptive analysis in order to obtain an idea of the profile of fisheries in the southern region of East Java. Potential data analysis and utilization of fisheries using Schaefer Methods. The results of the study are comparison of the eight districts in the southern region of East Java, Banyuwangi still dominate in the aspect of the number of fishing vessels, production and value of catch production and the number of fishermen. The Blitar district still lags behind in all aspects of fisheries. The dominant species of fish catches in the southern region of East Java include Lemuru (Sardinella sp), Tuna (Thunnus sp) Tongkol (Euthynus sp), Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis), and Layang (Decapterus sp). Potential and level of utilization of the fish in the south of East Java in the period 2009-2013 are still in a state of sustainable/under fishing. Development of fishing ports in southern Java needs to be supported entirely by the government, so it can improve fishermen's welfare and development of the economy in the region with the scale of priorities.
Developing the Structural Integrity Management System for Ageing Fixed Offshore Oil Platforms in Indonesia
Authors: Riyanto Raditya Danu , Murdjito
Published: January 2017

Offshore structure, particularly fixed offshore structures, should be kept in the performance for the fit-for-purpose condition during their operating lifetime. For fixed offshore structures that exceed their designated life years, the proper Structural Integrity Management System (SIMS) should be developed and applied. Despite the fixed offshore platforms have their service life, there are still platforms that continue to operate exceeding their service lifetime. These ageing platforms should be taken care thoroughly to avoid the consequences that could take casualties. This paper will propose the proper initiation of SIMS development for ageing fixed offshore platforms in Indonesia, by taking an example at Bekapai Field Platforms in East Kalimantan. Using HAZID technique and several ranking criteria, the platforms are assessed and ranked. Platforms that categorized in critical condition are grouped based on similarities in geometry and function. The highest rank is analyzed in computer Finite Element Analysis (FEA) Software with modification based on latest inspection result. This method is proven to be a proper method to be used as a maintenance program for ageing fixed offshore platforms in Indonesia.
Fatigue Life Re-Assessment of FSO Spread Mooring System
Authors: Irfan Muhammad
Published: January 2017

Re-assessment fatigue life on spread moored system of Floating Storage and Offloading (FSO) vessel moored in irregular wave has been carried out based on hybrid time-frequency domain approach. Previous assessment work result obtained the fatigue life very conservative about thousands of year, whilst existing mooring system was designed for the operational life of 10 years. Different method from previous work was used in fatigue damage calculation approach for undertaking a fatigue mooring analysis in present work. Present works aim to show that the simple summation method used for previous assessment that cause the large variation in fatigue life obtained by comparing different methods of combining fatigue damage. Comparison between the result of fatigue life both previous assessment and present work (re-assessment) of fatigue life are made and discussed.
Effects of Parallel-Middle-Body Relative Length and Stern Form on the Wake Fraction and Ship Resistance
Authors: Suastika Ketut , Nugraha Fajar
Published: January 2017

Effects of parallel-middle-body relative length and stern form of a 10450-DWT tanker on the wake fraction and ship resistance are studied by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Calculations were done with varying ratios of parallel-middle-body length to ship length (Lmb/L) and with varying stern forms. The same ship displacement is maintained in all the calculations. It is found that a larger value of Lmb/L for ships with the same stern form results in a larger ship resistance but does not affect the wake fraction significantly. A more abrupt stern form results in a larger wake fraction and in a much larger ship resistance. In the former case, the increase of ship resistance is ascribed to the increase of the wetted surface area (WSA) of the ship and in the latter case particularly to the much larger wake fraction.
An Investigation into the Effect of Bilge Keels to the Roll Motion Response of Fishing Vessel
Authors: Hasanudin  , Chen Jeng Horng , Utama I Ketut Aria Pria , Hendratmoko Haris
Published: January 2017

Stability of a ship is very influenced by ship’s roll motion, which is able to cause the ship to capsize. One of the main component which influence the roll motion, is the usage of motion damper at the ship’s hull. Bilge keel is a kind of passive damper whose construction is easy and does not require special system in the operation. The suitable bilge keel size is able to reduce excessive ship motion response when experiencing excitation force. This paper investigates the influence of bilge keel to the motion response of the ship by using a fishing vessel model with round bilge. The study was carried out by model experiment in the calm water and oblique wave using 6 types of bilge keel variation in its length and width. The results showed that the application of bilge keel is able to reduce about 37% motion response of the vessel; and the increase area of bilge keel also reduce the roll damping to 59%. It also can be concluded that common design bilge keel for merchant ship can be applied to the fishing vessel.
Pipe Transmission Project Planning Using What If Analysis Method
Authors: Silvianita  , Winda Amalia Herdianti , Yeyes Mulyadi , Suntoyo
Published: January 2017

In order to succeed Indonesia’s mission to provide 23.000 MegaWatt, the gas pipeline transmission has been built. The Project consists of many activities that related to each other, If one of the activities are having a problem that caused a delay, then the succeeding activities will get affected and could cause a project’s delay. To anticipate, it needs the acceleration of the project’s activity. In this case, the pipe transmission project would cause a 7 day delay. To accelerate it, this study gives the calculation, using “What If Analysis Method” on “Critical Path Method”. The acceleration actions are treated in accordance with providing extra working hours and the certain amount of manpower in the succeeding activities.
Strength Analysis of Portable Blast Room Using Modular Glass Reinforced Plastics Wall Panel by Finite Element Method
Authors: Windyandari Aulia , Solichin Djazuli Said , Zakki Ahmad Fauzan
Published: January 2017

In the shipbuilding and ship repair industry, the most common surface preparation technique used is abrasive blasting. The abrasive blasting and the other surface preparation techniques are the significant sources of shipyard waste and air pollution. The one of any kind techniques to reduce the hazardous air contaminant associated with the abrasive media is blasting room. The abrasive blasting operation is isolated by the blasting room to reduce the exposure to the shipyard environment. The portable blasting room design has been developed using the modular wall panel system. The research is focused on the strength analysis of portable modular blast room using glass reinforced plastics as the wall panels. The research method has two main steps during the strength analysis of the portable blast room. At first, the geometric form of the modular blast room was developed and defined to obtain the finite element model. Secondly, the load and boundary condition was defined, considering the wind load and the structure weight which are exerted to the blast room structure. The displacement method was adopted for the numerical analysis.
Effect of Underwater Welding in Marine Environment and Surface Welding to Mechanical Properties of Steel Weld Joint
Authors: Pratikno Herman
Published: January 2017

The offshore structure gradually will get damage. A number of offshore structure maintenance method require underwater working. Because of that, underwater welding become an importance thing. Through this research,will be assessed on changes in mechanical properties of steel weld joint in marine environmental. With same weld parameter, welding process also do in freshwater and on land for comparisonvariable. Welding process do in 0.2m depth with SMAW wet welding method on 1G position using AWS E6013 electrode coated with wax. After doing research, it is found that the tensile strength of welds in the marine environment is a little larger than the tensile strength in freshwater and on land, ie 49.44 kgf/mm2> 49.41 kgf/mm2 > 48.99 kgf/mm2. Hardness index value of welded steel in the marine environment is also higher than the value of the weld hardness results in freshwater and on land, in the amount of 195.37Hv10>181.13Hv10>153.6Hv10. The value of tensile strength and hardness values in the marine environment welds slightly larger than in freshwater due to the amount of grain mertensit phase. Ductility properties of the weld results in the marine environmentis smaller than the weld results in freshwater and land, it is characterized by a decline inelongation and reduction of area in underwater welding. From the observation of metallographic microstructure underwater welding it appears that phase grains coarser than the microstructure of welding on land. This can happen because the weld metal suffered liquefaction then freezes so quickly that opportunity grain experiencing severe grain growth during thawing did not get transformed into finer grains, so that the material is harder but brittle.
Project Delay Analysis on Jacket Structure Construction
Authors: Silvianita  , Redana Firza , Rosyid Daniel M. , Chamelia Dirta Marina , Suntoyo
Published: January 2017

The development process of jacket structure is not always in accordance with the planned schedule in advance. Many factors affect the planning failure, among others, the time or the planned schedule, budgeted costs, equipment and material needed, the human resources (manpower) and hours of labor (man hours). The need for a systematic manner or method to overcome the problem of delays in the project. This study analyzes the impact of delays on development projects jacket structure in PT. XYZ using the Event Tree Analysis (ETA). Methods Event Tree Analysis (ETA) is an analytical technique used to evaluate the processes and events that lead to the possibility of failure. Results of analysis using the Event Tree Analysis (ETA) showed that the construction project is completed in the fabrication of the jacket structure but experiencing delays between 1 day to 8 weeks (2 months). This is caused by several factors and are subject to a fine or a penalty of 0.1% per day of the total contract value of development projects jacket structure Rp 64,620,178,000.-. Fines range between Rp 64,620,178.- to Rp 2,843,287,832. -.
Characteristics of Tidal in Surabaya
Authors: Kisnarti Engki Andri
Published: January 2017

Ocean tides are the result of gravitational and centrifugal effect. Tidal motion in certain places does not only depend on the gravity moon and sun, but also by non-astronomical factors. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the tides in Surabaya. The Methodology of this research are data collection, calculation using admiralthy methods, harmonic analysis, and trend analysis. The results showed that the waters of Surabaya has a type of tidal mixed semi diurnal. Results of the analysis of the tides in the Port of Perak shows there has been a rise in the function y = 0.0164 (x) + 156.86 every month from January 1994 - December 2009 or 1.97 mm per year. The lowest Mean Sea Level (MSL) occurred in January 1998, which is 141 cm. MSL in Surabaya unstable to Western Monsoon ends. The highest MSL occurs in transition between Eastern Monsoon towards the Western Monsoon, April 2008 amounted to 179 cm.
Prediction of Significant Wave Height Using Neural Network in the Java Sea (North of Surabaya)
Authors: Dhanistha Wimala L. , Atmoko R.A. , Juniarko P. , Akbar Ridho
Published: January 2017

Indonesia is an archipelago, Surabaya is the second crowded city in Indonesia. So the shipping lane and the city is comparable. Neural network is models inspired by biological neural networks and used to estimate or approximate functions that can depend on a large number of inputs and are generally unknown. Neural network is used to predict the wave height in Java Sea (The North of Surabaya). The Root Mean Square Error average for the next one hour is 0.03 and the Root Mean Square Error average for the next six hours is 0.09. That’s mean the longest the prediction, the biggest Root Mean Square error.
Landsat 8 Imagery Data Utilization for Mapping the Dynamics of Cooling Water Distribution Based on Changes in SST in the Coastal Waters
Authors: Saptarini Dian , Cahyono Agung Budi , Pribadi Cherie Bhekti , Mukhtasor  , Armono Haryo Dwito
Published: January 2017

Sea surface temperatures have increased since the early 20th century by 0.7 °C from 1989–2008. Changing ocean temperature directly affects the distribution and abundance of many species and habitats, including phytoplankton, coral reefs, and pelagic fish. For species that require shallow coastal water, such as for breeding or nursery grounds, the changes forcing by the changing temperature will eventually result in major population reductions as habitats become less available, and finally become unavailable. This research is presents the application of Landsat 8 for monitoring the dinamics and distribution area of sea surface temperature changed by the heated effluent discharge from the power plant on Bhinor village, Paiton, Probolinggo, East Java from 2013-2015. Remote sensing technology using a thermal band in Operational Land Imager (OLI) sensor of Landsat 8 sattelite imagery (band 10 and band 11) is used to determine the dynamics and distribution of sea surface temperature. The Split Window Algorithm (SWA) methods is used to perform extraction of sea surface temperature (SST) with brightness temperature (BT) value calculation on the band 10 and band 11 of Landsat 8. The extraction of Landsat 8 shows the temperature around the water outlet at is higher than the natural temperature (29°C). SST near water outlet showed an increasing trend from 2013 (33°C) to 2015(36°C).
Sea Level Rise on Tuban Coast in East Java and its Consistenty with MAGICC/SCENGEN Prediction
Authors: Joesidawati Marita Ika , Suntoyo  , Wahyudi  , Sambodho Kriyo
Published: January 2017

Sea level rise is one of the impacts of climate change and global warming caused by the increase of human activities leading to the increase of concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The impacts of sea level rise itself will be greatly felt by coastal areas in island countries, one of them is Indonesia (specifically the district of Tuban). The purposes of this paper are (1) to indicate that tidal data in Semarang and Tuban (both of them are cities in the northern coast of Java) can be used to estimate the sea level rise in the region through the means of comparison, and (2) to compare sea level rise in MAGICC model and show that sea level trends for Tuban district are consistent with global values. The results shows that the tidal data in Tuban has a higher value than the tidal data in Semarang by a margin of 0.03 m, so the trend of sea level rise in Tuban is y = 0.002x + 0.751, consequently the sea level rise per year is 0.024 m. Comparison of sea level rises between the MSL data of Tuban district with MAGICC model indicates that the sea level trends for Tuban district (local) are consistent with global values, that is, in the year of 2100, the sea level rise will reach 2.64 m while emissions scenario that comes close is the WRE 550 scenario, that is, in the year of 2100, it will reach 2.9 m.
A Theoretical Investigation on Structural and Electronic Properties of MgTl
Authors: Dar Sajad Ahmad , Shrivastav Vipul , Sakalle Umesh Kumar
Published: January 2017

Intermetallic compounds are innovative materials and are far superior to conventional metals and alloys. These intermetallic compounds have a great potential in industrial and technological fields because most of the intermetallic compounds are stronger as well asstiffer at elevated temperature and provide far better corrosion resistance than conventional metals and alloys.Over the past few years the scientific interest in the study of these intermetallic compounds emanates greatly because of their high-tech applications. Our motivation of the present studyMgTl mainly consernedon the physical data generation in context with its possible vast applications .We used a theoretical approach within the local density approximation method to study the structural and electronic properties of MgTl by calculating total energy. As far as our calculations are concerned, the band structure shows the overlapping of conduction and valence band thus itis clear that MgTl in its pure form is a good conductor of heat and electricity and falls in the category of metals. We have also calculated lattice parameters, bulkmodules, first order derivative electronic and lattice heat coefficient and Debye temperature.
Laser Micro Welding of Dissimilar Material of Aluminum and Copper Alloys
Authors: Mohid Zazuli , Rosely M.A.A. , Rafai N.H. , Rahim Mohammad Zulafif , Ibrahim Mohd Rasidi , Rahim E.A.
Published: January 2017

Copper and aluminum are widely used in electronic industries for their excellence in electric and thermal conductivity. Joining these different material in scale of micro is hardly difficult for their obvious different in thermal properties. Melting these materials during welding process will create intermetallic compound which possesses new material properties. The melted zone became extremely brittle thus increase the possibility of failure due to cracks and concentrated loads. To overcome this problem, fundamental study is needed to characterize the material behavior against heat induction under various processing parameters. This study is an attempt to characterize the performance of Nd-YAG laser in micro joining of Al 1100 and Cu 101.
The Study of Coated Carbide Ball End Milling Tools on Inconel 718 Using Numerical Simulation Analysis to Attain Cutting Force and Temperature Predictive Models at the Cutting Zone
Authors: Chien S.E.M. , Reddy M.M. , Lee V.C.C. , Sujan D.
Published: January 2017

The unique properties of Inconel 718 make it a challenging material to machine especially in ball end milling operations due to high cutting force and temperature concentrated at the cutting zone. These essentially lead to accelerated tool wear and failure resulting in high costs and loss of production. In this research, finite element numerical simulation was performed using AdvantEdge to simulate ball end milling using an 8mm TiAlN coated carbide tool. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is applied by using a 3 level 3 factorial Box-Behnken design of experiment with different combinations of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut parameters with a selected range of parameters to simulate finishing operations. Temperature contour from finite element analysis showed that the highest temperature occurs near the depth of cut line just before the chip separates from the workpiece. Using multiple linear regression, a quadratic polynomial model is developed for maximum cutting force and a linear polynomial model peak tool temperature response respectively. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed that feed rate had the most significance for cutting force followed by depth of cut. Also, cutting speed was found to have little influence. For peak tool temperature, cutting speed was the most significant cutting parameter followed by feed rate and depth of cut.
The Mechanical Properties of Alkaline Treated Pineapple Leaf Fibre to Reinforce Tapioca Based Bioplastic Resin Composite
Authors: Mathivanan Davindra Brabu , Siregar Januar Parlaungan , Mat Rejab Mohd Ruzaimi , Bachtiar Dandi , Asmara Yuli Panca , Cionita Tezara
Published: January 2017

The depletion crude oil has urged many researchers to find a suitable material to replace the current synthetic polymer products. Furthermore the shortage of landfill and ingestion of plastic by animals has to be taken in consideration in finding a material that can be easily biodegraded by enzyme or bacteria. In this study both fibre and matrix are from plant fibre, which makes the product highly compostable after the intended life usage. The fibre surface is modified with various alkaline concentrations before mixing with matrix through extrusion technique. The product of the extrusion is pelletized and hot compressed into specimen size according to ASTM. The specimen was tested for mechanical properties and the result shows the alkaline concentration affects the strength of the composite.
Activation Energy of Alkali-Silica Reactionin CFBC Fly Ash Geopolymer Mortars
Authors: Shon Chang Seon , Lee Dongoun
Published: January 2017

The utilization of fly ashes produced by circulated fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) has been limited in construction application due to their inherent high sulfate and carbon contents although CFBC fly ash exhibits very good binding properties without requiring any supplementary activator. This study reports alkali silica reaction (ASR) behavior of CFBC fly ash geopolymer mortars in terms of activation energy using a modified ASTM C 1260/C 1567. Two different strengths of NaOH solution were used to test reactive and potentially reactive aggregates in the presence of CFBC fly ash. The other variables included a longer test period of 3 months and three different temperatures, namely 60°C, 70°C, and 80°C. It was observed that there was no significant expansion in CFBC fly ash based geopolymer mortar regardless of variation of temperature and alkalinity of test solution. Activation energy of CFBC fly ash geopolymer for ASR was higher than that of plain cement mortar irrespective of strength of NaOH solution.
Lateral Loading and Energy Absorption of Foam Filled Jute-Glass/Epoxy Bi-Tubes
Authors: Khalid Asad A. , Morsidi Maziri
Published: January 2017

Experimental work has been carried out on the crushing behaviour of jute, glass, and hybrid jute-glass/epoxy foam filled bi-tubes under lateral loading. Inner and outer tubes diameters of 50 mm and 100 mm respectively were fabricated by hand lay-up method. Tube length of 150 mm is maintained for all the fabricated specimens. Polyurethane foam filler was used to fill the gap between the inner and outer tubes. Lateral loading was applied on the foam filled bi-tubes as well as the inner and outer tubes individually. Lateral load-displacement relations were drawn and the energy absorption was calculated. Effect of material used and foam filler on the load-displacement relations, maximum and mean loads, and failure mode was investigated. Crush force efficiency and stroke efficiency were determined and discussed. Results show that the glass/ epoxy foam filled bi-tubes supported load higher 22.45%, 28.94% and 36.80% than the glass-jute, jute-glass and jute/ epoxy bi-tubes respectively. It has been found that the glass/epoxy foam filled bi-tubes supported load higher 18.08% than that obtained from the combination of the maximum loads of the inner and outer empty tubes. The performance of the foam filled bi-tubes under lateral loading is improved by using the polyurethane foam filler and influenced by the stacking sequence of the material used. The specific energy absorption of the foam filled glass/ epoxy bi-tubes is found higher 5.47%, 12.86 % and 20.68% than the glass-jute, jute-glass and jute/ epoxy foam filled bi-tubes. Failure mechanism of the fractured specimens was discussed.
A Review of Perspectives on Frameworks for Ethical Theories in Public Service Life
Authors: Sing Deoram
Published: January 2017

Given the dynamic and changing interwoven and intertwined internal and external environments impacting on public service life, establishing and promoting a proper ethical foundation in public service life, has in itself emerged as a profound and daunting challenge, a worldwide phenomenon. The role of frameworks for ethical theories  –  such as teleological, deontological, virtue-based, and learning and growth, is crucial to dealing with this challenge. It is the view of the author that a keen grasp and application of the various frameworks, as well as their various components, could project their viewing and that of their components, not in isolation, but in an interconnected and intertwined manner. This could enhance the clarification of ethical and moral alternatives, as well as facilitate the spreading and diffusion of techniques for ethical reasoning and moral awareness, throughout public service life.
Management of patients taking rivaroxaban for dental treatments
Authors: Curto Adrian
Published: January 2017

There are several novel anticoagulant drugs that are being increasingly used as an alternative to warfarin and acenocoumarol. Novel oral anticoagulants have emerged in recent years to overcome some of the drawbacks of classic oral anticoagulants. Rivaroxaban, dabigatran, apixaban, and edoxaban were approved by the Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency. This paper examines the available evidence regarding rivaroxaban and sets out proposals for the clinical guidance of dental practitioners treating these patients in primary dental care. Literature search was conducted through May 2016 for publications in the ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, and Cochrane Library using the keywords, “rivaroxaban,” “dabigatran,” “apixaban,” “edoxaban,” “new oral anticoagulants,” “novel oral anticoagulants,” “bleeding,” and “dental treatment.” For patients requiring minor oral surgery procedures, interruption of rivaroxaban is not generally necessary while a higher control of bleeding and discontinuation of the drug (at least 24 h) should be requested before invasive surgical procedure, depending on renal functionality. Their increased use means that oral care clinicians should have a sound understanding of the mechanism of action, pharmacology, reversal strategies, and management of bleeding in patients taking rivaroxaban. Currently, recommendations are based on poor quality scientific data and clinical trials are required to establish best evidence-based practice guidance.
The role of acupuncture in the treatment of prosthodontic patients with a gagging reflex
Authors: Hashim Raghad , Shaltoni Reem , Kamal Luma , Khanfar Faten
Published: January 2017

Aim and Objectives: Hyperactive gag reflex (GR) can be a big obstacle in certain dental procedures especially in making an upper arch impression. Treating those might be a challenge for both the dentist and the patient. Many patients withdraw from treatment because of their inability to cope with the procedure. One of the effective modalities in controlling this phenomenon is the use of Acupuncture. In this trial, Ear acupuncture was used aiming to control hyperactive GR during upper alginate impression. Methods: A total of ten patients aged between 20 and 60 years, with a history of GR on taking dental impressions were selected to be part of this clinical trial. All patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria had an upper dental alginate impression taken (or an attempt made at it) before acupuncture and a second upper alginate impression taken immediately after acupuncture based on traditional Chinese medicine. The gagging severity index used to assess GR before insertion of the acupuncture needle while gagging prevention index was used after the acupuncture and impression taking. Results: Seven patients scored I with the reflex obtunded and the impression taking carried out successfully, one patient scored II with the reflex partially controlled and impression taking still possible, two patients scored III with the reflex partially controlled but with frequent gagging and impression taking still possible. No adverse effects were observed, and patients were fit to leave unescorted. Conclusions: Ear acupuncture was found to be effective in controlling GR in all ten participants in different levels.
Effectiveness of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the levels of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis
Authors: Venkata Tejaswini , Chickanna Rudrakshi , Prabhuji M. L. V.
Published: January 2017

Objectives: Presence of Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity may enhance the risk for gastric re-infection; hence, the present study was carried out to detect and compare the levels of H. pylori in subgingival plaque and saliva of patients with periodontal health and chronic periodontitis at baseline and 3 months following scaling and root planing (SRP). Methods: A total of 45 patients with 30 patients having chronic periodontitis (test group) and 15 periodontally healthy patients (control group) were considered. H. pylori was detected in subgingival plaque and saliva samples, collected at baseline and at 3 months using polymerase chain reaction. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months. Results: At the baseline, in test group 60% and 40% of the samples were positive for H. pylori and in control group 26.7% and 13.3% of the samples were positive for H. pylori in subgingival plaque and saliva, respectively. At 3 months, 26.7% and 20% samples were positive for H. pylori in the test group and in control group 13.3% and 6.7% samples were positive for H. pylori in subgingival plaque and saliva, respectively, demonstrating higher levels of H. pylori in dental plaque than in saliva. There was a significant reduction in the percentage of H. pylori in subgingival plaque following SRP. Conclusion: Periodontal treatment has shown to be effective in reducing the levels of H. pylori from the oral cavity.
Early interception of mandibular shifting: A longitudinal approach from deciduous through mixed and permanent dentitions
Authors: Fornazari Isabelle Adad , Antelo Oscar Mario , Locks Leonardo Likes , Saga Armando Yukio , Tanaka Orlando Motohiro
Published: January 2017

A Class II malocclusion with a unilateral posterior crossbite in the late deciduous dentition is a challenging type of malocclusion to intercept. The objective is to analyze the long-term changes in a patient with a skeletal Class II division 1 malocclusion. A 5-year-old female child who was referred from a pediatric dentist came for consultation. Correction of posterior crossbite involves expansion of the maxillary arch with the aim of removal of occlusal interferences and elimination of the functional shift of the mandible. The treatment comprised three stages: (1) Expansion of the maxillary arch was performed with a modified Haas palatal expander and the clinical procedures thus resulted in improved facial symmetry and satisfactory functional occlusion in the mixed dentition (8 years 10 months). (2) Distalization of maxillary first molars was done with a Kloehn type headgear and a lip bumper was placed in the mandible to maintain the arch perimeter (12 years). (3) A 0.022 inch × 0.028 inch standard edgewise fixed appliance was used for comprehensive orthodontic treatment and the objectives were accomplished (14 years 5 months). The results showed great improvements in function and esthetics, and posttreatment stability was good after 7 years and 5 months.
A Time Second-Order Mass-Conserved Implicit-Explicit Domain Decomposition Scheme for Solving the Diffusion Equations
Authors: Zhou Zhongguo , Liang Dong
Published: January 2017

In the paper, a new time second-order mass-conserved implicit/explicit domain decomposition method (DDM) for the diffusion equations is proposed. In the scheme, firstly, we calculate the interface fluxes of sub-domains from the obtained solutions and fluxes at the previous time level, for which we apply high-order Taylor’s expansion and transfer the time derivatives to spatial derivatives to improve the accuracy. Secondly, the interior solutions and fluxes in sub-domains are computed by the implicit scheme and using the relations between solutions and fluxes, without any correction step. The mass conservation is proved and the convergence order of the numerical solutions is proved to be second-order in both time and space steps. The super-convergence of numerical fluxes is also proved to be second-order in both time and space steps. The scheme is stable under the stable conditionr≤3/5. The important feature is that the proposed domain decomposition scheme is mass-conserved and is of second order convergence in time. Numerical experiments confirm the theoretical results.
Convergence Rates of a Class of Predictor-Corrector Iterations for the Nonsymmetric Algebraic Riccati Equation Arising in Transport Theory
Authors: Dong Ning , Jin Jicheng , Yu Bo
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we analyse the convergence rates of several different predictor-corrector iterations for computing the minimal positive solution of the nonsymmetric algebraic Riccati equation arising in transport theory. We have shown theoretically that the new predictor-corrector iteration given in [Numer. Linear Algebra Appl., 21 (2014), pp. 761–780] will converge no faster than the simple predictor-corrector iteration and the nonlinear block Jacobi predictor-corrector iteration. Moreover the last two have the same asymptotic convergence rate with the nonlinear block Gauss-Seidel iteration given in [SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 30 (2008), pp. 804–818]. Preliminary numerical experiments have been reported for the validation of the developed comparison theory.
Numerical Simulation for the Variable-Order Fractional Schrödinger Equation with the Quantum Riesz-Feller Derivative
Authors: Sweilam N. H. , Abou Hasan M. M.
Published: January 2017

In this paper the space variable-order fractional Schrödinger equation (VOFSE) is studied numerically, where the variable-order fractional derivative is described here in the sense of the quantum Riesz-Feller definition. The proposed numerical method is the weighted average non-standard finite difference method (WANSFDM). Special attention is given to study the stability analysis and the convergence of the proposed method. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to show that this method is reliable and computationally efficient.
Касательные многочлены и эллиптические солитоны матричного уравнения Кортевега-де Фриза
Authors: Treibich Armando
Published: January 2017

Пусть $(X; q) $ - эллиптическая кривая с отмеченной точкой в начале координат. Отправляясь от произвольного накрытия
$\pi\colon\Gamma\to X$ кривой $X$ с $d$ отмеченными точками $\{p_i\}$ в слое $\pi^{-1}(q)$, удовлетворяющей определенному
критерию, И. М. Кричевер построил семейство солитонов $(d\times d)$-матричного уравнения Кадомцева-Петвиашвили, т.е.
двоякопериодических по $x$ матричных решений этого уравнения. Далее, если на $\Gamma$ существует мероморфная функция
$f\colon\Gamma\to\mathbb{P}^1$ с полюсом кратности $2$ в каждой точке $p_i$, то эти решения являются двоякопериодичскими решениями матричного уравнения Кортевега-де Фриза $U_t =\frac14 (3UU_x + 3U_xU++ U_{xxx})$. В данной статье мы ограничиваемся случаем, когда существует мероморфная функция с единственным двойным полюсом в каждой из $d$ точек $\{p_i\}$; иными словами $\Gamma$ - гиперэллиптическая кривая, и каждая точка $p_i$ является точкой Вейерштрасса кривой $\Gamma$. Более точно, наши цели разнообразны, а именно (1) предъявить простые полиномиальные уравнения, определяющие спектральные кривые эллиптических солитонов матричного уравнения Кадомцева-Петвиашвили; (2) построить соответствующие многочлены в терминах векторной
функции Бейкера-Ахиезера кривой $X$; (3) найти спектральные кривые произвольно высокого рода для эллиптических солитонов матричного уравнения Кортевега-де Фриза.
Функциональное уравнение и сигма-функция Вейерштрасса
Authors: Illarionov Andrei Anatol'evich
Published: January 2017

В работе доказывается, что если целая функция $f\colon\mathbb{C}\to\mathbb{C}$ удовлетворяет уравнению
$f(x+y) f(x-y) = \alpha_1(x)\beta_1(y)+ \alpha_2(x)\beta_2(y) + \alpha_3(x)\beta_3(y)$, $x,y\in \mathbb{C}$,
с некоторыми $\alpha_j,\beta_j\colon\mathbb{C}\to\mathbb{C}$, причем не существует таких $\tilde \alpha_j$, $\tilde\beta_j$, что
$f(x+y) f(x-y) = \tilde\alpha_1(x)\tilde\beta_1(y)+ \tilde\alpha_2(x)\tilde\beta_2(y)$, то
$f(z) = \exp(Az^2+ Bz + C) \cdot \sigma_\Gamma (z-z_1)\cdot \sigma_\Gamma (z-z_2)$,
где $\Gamma$ - некоторая решетка в $\mathbb{C}$, $\sigma_\Gamma$ - сигма-функция Вейерштрасса, ассоциированная с $\Gamma$, а $A,B,C,z_1,z_2\in\mathbb{C}$, причем $z_1-z_2\notin (\frac{1}{2}\Gamma)\setminus \Gamma$.
Об асимптотике считающей функции элементов в аддитивной арифметической полугруппе с экспоненциальной считающей функцией простых образующих
Authors: Minenkov Dmitrii Sergeevich , Nazaikinskii Vladimir Evgen'evich , Chernyshev Vsevolod Leonidovich
Published: January 2017

Доказана асимптотика числа элементов в аддитивной арифметической полугруппе в случае экспоненциальной считающей функции простых образующих.
Secondary Analysis of an Electronic Surveillance System Combined with Multi-focal Interventions for Early Detection of Sepsis
Authors: Westra Bonnie , Landman Sean , Yadav Pranjul , Steinbach Michael
Published: January 2017

Summary: To conduct an independent secondary analysis of a multi-focal intervention for early detection of sepsis that included implementation of change management strategies, electronic surveil-lance for sepsis, and evidence based point of care alerting using the POC AdvisorTM application. Methods: Propensity score matching was used to select subsets of the cohorts with balanced covariates. Bootstrapping was performed to build distributions of the measured difference in rates/ means. The effect of the sepsis intervention was evaluated for all patients, and High and Low Risk subgroups for illness severity. A separate analysis was performed patients on the intervention and non-intervention units (without the electronic surveillance). Sensitivity, specificity, and the positive predictive values were calculated to evaluate the accuracy of the alerting system for detecting sepsis or severe sepsis/ septic shock.

Results: There was positive effect on the intervention units with sepsis electronic surveillance with an adjusted mortality rate of –6.6%. Mortality rates for non-intervention units also improved, but at a lower rate of –2.9%. Additional outcomes improved for patients on both intervention and non-intervention units for home discharge (7.5% vs 1.1%), total length of hospital stay (-0.9% vs –0.3%), and 30 day readmissions (-6.6% vs –1.6%). Patients on the intervention units showed better outcomes compared with non-intervention unit patients, and even more so for High Risk patients. The sensitivity was 95.2%, specificity of 82.0% and PPV of 50.6% for the electronic surveillance alerts. Conclusion: There was improvement over time across the hospital for patients on the intervention and non-intervention units with more improvement for sicker patients. Patients on intervention units with electronic surveillance have better outcomes; however, due to differences in exclusion criteria and types of units, further study is needed to draw a direct relationship between the electronic surveillance system and outcomes.
International Trauma System Development Program: Estrategía para el Desarrollo de Politicas de Prevención Basado en Datos Reales
Authors: Badiel Marisol , Pino Luis Fernando , Morales Mónica , Herrera Juan Pablo , Rojas-Mirquez Johanna Carolina , Toro David Alejandro Mejía , Abutanos Michael
Published: January 2017

Objetivo

Describir la experiencia y utilidad del registro de trauma durante dos años en un hospital de alta complejidad del suroccidente Colombiano.

Materiales y métodos

Registro poblacional a partir del cual se realizó un estudio de corte transversal durante dos años con pacientes con lesiones externas y/o traumáticas que ingresaron al Hospital Universitario del Valle de la ciudad de Cali. Se recolectaron variables demográficas, relacionadas con mecanismos de trauma, severidad (ISS) y mortalidad.

Resultados

Se registraron 16.579 pacientes. El 71,8% eran hombres con edad promedio de 29 (±20) años y la mayoría de ellos tenían entre 18 a 35 años de edad (37,8%). El 20,7% de las lesiones fueron secundarias a hechos violentos, ocurridas en un 50,2% en calles y avenidas de la ciudad. Las caídas como mecanismo de trauma representan un 33,2% de los pacientes, seguido de lesiones de tránsito en un 22,3%, lesión por arma de fuego 11,9% y lesión por arma blanca 10%. El 29,4% de los pacientes presentaron trauma múltiple, 26,7% trauma en miembros inferiores y 22% trauma en cabeza. Los pacientes con ISS ≥15 en su mayoría se encontraron entre los 18-35 años (7,5%). La mayoría de pacientes (25%) que sufrieron lesión por arma de fuego presentaron un ISS ≥15, y la mortalidad de estos pacientes fue de 77,9%.

Conclusión

Un porcentaje importante de la población entre los 18-35 años presentó algún tipo de trauma, en quienes se hace imperativo la implementación y seguimiento de programas enfocados a prevenir la violencia y disminuir las conductas de riesgo. El registro de trauma ha demostrado ser útil y efectivo para la institución y para la población del suroccidente Colombiano, pues permite el desarrollo de nuevos procesos de atención e investigación clínica basado en datos reales que mejoraran la calidad del servicio y la capacidad instalada en atención del trauma.

How to cite this article

Ordoñez CA, Rojas-Mirquez JC, Morales M, Badiel M, Pino LF, Herrera JP, Puyana JC, Toro DAM, Abutanos M, Ivatury RR. International Trauma System Development Program: Estrategía para el Desarrollo de Politicas de Prevención Basado en Datos Reales. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2016;5(3):117-125.