bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin-Converting Enzymes, the Key Components in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 Infection and their Role in the Interaction of SARS-Cov-2 with Human Host Cells
Authors: Hoseini Seyed Mehdi , Sheikhha Mohammad Hasan , Samet Mohammad , Hoseini Elham Sadat , Montazeri Fateme
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Over the past 20 years, seven coronaviruses have caused more or less severe respiratory diseases in humans. Among these, the most important ones are SARS-CoV and the coronavirus, a similar virus that has created a pandemic called Covid-19 since 2019, belonging to the b-category of beta-coronaviruses called Sarbecovirus.
This virus is due to a kind of spike-like structure to the ACE2 receptor (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) bind to the surface of host cells. Often, dysfunction of ACE2 protease after viral infection leads to dysfunction of the RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone) pathway and, as a result, by affecting blood pressure, it upsets the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body, a process that results in increased inflammation and permeability of arteries in the airways. Furthermore, the widespread release of cytokines by the immune cells in response to viral and/or secondary infections can lead to cytokine storms along with symptoms of sepsis. In these cases, uncontrolled inflammation causes multiple organ damage that leads to organ failure, particularly in cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal systems.
Conclusion: Despite the findings of the pathogenic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2, there is still no specific drug to treat COVID-19. Therefore, achieving proper therapeutic strategies against COVID-19 requires a comprehensive understanding of its pathogenesis in the host for developing new drugs and/or using approved drugs.
Relationship between Sleep Disorders and Diabetes Mellitus in Adults: Results of the First Phase of Shahedieh Cohort Study 2015-2017
Authors: Momayyezi Mahdieh , Fallahzadeh Hossein , Fakhravari Leila , Mirzaei Masoud
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Disruption of the sleep cycle can disrupt the activity of the hormonal rhythms. Given that diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common endocrine disease, and few studies have been conducted to investigate its relationship with sleep quality, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep disorders and diabetes mellitus.
Methods: The present study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. In this study, all adults aged 35-70 years from Shahedieh, Ashkezar, and Zarch Cities were investigated. The data used in this study included demographics, sleep variables, and fasting blood sugar level. Data were analyzed using SPSS V. 16 and Chi-square, T-test, ANOVA and regression.
Results: The results showed that the prevalence of sleep less than 6 hours was significantly higher in people with diabetes type2, and also, the sleep latency increased with increasing blood sugar level (R=0.06, P=0.001). The results of regression analysis indicated that the chance of diabetes in people with a sleep duration of less than 6 hours was 12%, in people with a sleep latency of more than 15 minutes was 11%, in people who used sleep medications continuously was 15% and in people who nap during the day was 27% higher than other people.
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the prevalence of sleep disorders was higher in people with diabetes and sleep was a strong predictor for diabetes type2.
First report of Clonostachys rosea associated with avocado fruit rot in Puebla, Mexico
Authors: Coyotl-Pérez Wendy Abril , Romero-Arenas Omar , Mosso-González Clemente , Pacheco-Hernández Yesenia , Rivera-Tapia José Antonio , Villa-Ruano Nemesio
Published: April 2022

The northern highlands of Puebla are considered a new potential area for the cultivation of Hass avocado. Then, the emergence of new phytopathogens related to this geographical area is latent. The aim of this investigation was to isolate the microorganisms linked to the avocado fruit rot recently recorded by the producers of this locality in 2021. The fungus associated with the avocado fruit rot was isolated under humidity chamber conditions and it was named as C08-9. The fungal agent presented white cotton mycelium with fast radial growth (6.5 mm day-1) in potato dextrose agar and it turned the culture medium to yellow color after seven days. The fungus contained penicillate conidiophores adhered to hyaline hyphae organized in whorls with three or four phialides whereas primary conidia showed oval to sub-oval shape. The average size of the conidia was 10.57 µm × 4.42 µm and the presence of chlamydospores was also recorded. The molecular identification of the fungus was achieved by amplifying the partial nucleotide sequences of the 18S ribosomal gene (ITS; 543 bp) and the translation elongation factor 1 alpha gene (TEF-1?; 658 bp). The corresponding sequences were deposited at the NCBI-gene bank with the accessions OM473286 and OM715999, respectively.
Malaria, HIV and TB in Mozambique: Epidemiology, Disease Control and Interventions
Authors: Haider Huma
Published: April 2022

Malaria, HIV and tuberculosis (TB) are significant public health concerns in Mozambique. Malaria was the fourth leading cause of death in the country in 2019, accounting for 42% of deaths among children under 5 years of age (Mugabe et al., 2021; USAID, 2018). Mozambique is among the top eight countries with the highest HIV prevalence; with the second highest mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) rate in the world (Fuente-Soro et al., 2021; Nacarapa et al., 2021). The incidence of TB is rising, with pediatric TB cases almost tripling in recent years (WHO, 2020b; Nguenha et al., 2018; Orlando et al., 2018). Mozambique has one of the highest global incidence of malaria-HIV and TB-HIV co-infection, which raises the likelihood of poor clinical outcomes (Moon et al., 2019; USAID, 2018). This rapid literature review highlights key aspects of the epidemiology of malaria, HIV and TB in Mozambique and challenges in prevention, detection and treatment; and surveys select interventions that seek to address these challenges. This is part of a series of reports looking into Epidemiology of Malaria, human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) across a set of African Nations.
Futbol Kulüplerinin Finansal Performansı ve Covıd-19 Salgınının Etkisi: Avrupa Futbol Federasyonları Birliği ne Bağlı Beş Ulusal Lig Karşılaştırması
Authors: Karadeniz Erdinc , Iskenderoglu Omer
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı Avrupa kıtasındaki ulusal liglerdeki futbol kulüplerinin finansal performansını karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz etmek ve finansal performans üzerinde Covid-19 salgınının potansiyel etkilerini incelemektir. Bu kapsamda Avrupa Futbol Federasyonları Birliği’ne (UEFA) bağlı beş ulusal ligde (İtalya-Seria A, İngiltere-Premier League, Portekiz-Liga Nos, Danimarka-Superliga, Türkiye-Süper Lig) yer alan ve finansal verilerine ulaşılan toplam 23 futbol kulübünün 2017-2021 yılları arasındaki finansal performansı oran analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Araştırmada ayrıca futbol kulüplerinin Covid-19 salgını öncesi (2017-2019) ve Covid-19 salgını sonrası (2020-2021) dönem arasındaki finansal performans bağlamında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olup olmadığı wilcoxon işaretli sıra testi ile test edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda futbol kulüplerinin likidite riski ve finansal risk düzeylerinin çok yüksek buna karşın karlılık, faaliyet ve nakit akış performanslarının çok düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Futbol kulüplerinin faaliyet, karlılık ve nakit akış performanslarının ise Covid-19 salgını sonrasında daha da düştüğü belirlenmiştir. Buna karşın sadece faaliyet oranları ve aktif karlılık oranı açısından salgın öncesi ve sonrası dönem bağlamında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmıştır.
Injeksi Caustic Soda untuk Troubleshooting Operasional Sour Water Stripper (SWS) di Industri Pengolahan Minyak Bumi
Authors: Zakaria Zakaria , Yanuardi Denis , Simanjuntak Jefri A. , Sriana Tun , Nata Iryanti Fatyasari
Published: April 2022

Adanya kontaminasi cooling water pada sour water menyebabkan terbentuknya senyawa chloramine (NH2Cl, NHCl2, NCl3) yang menimbulkan masalah di treated water ex unit Sour Water Stripper (SWS), yaitu peningkatan konsentrasi ammonia yang melebihi ambang batas baku mutu limbah serta penurunan kinerja bakteri unit effluent water treatment. Salah satu metode troubleshooting untuk meningkatkan kinerja stripping kloramina dengan penambahan caustic soda (NaOH) pada kolom SWS. Uji laboratorium dan aplikasi di lapangan telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui efek dari penambahan caustic soda terhadap kualitas treated water. Hasil injeksi caustic soda dapat meningkatkan performa stripping chloramine sehingga kualitas treated water dapat memenuhi spesifikasi yang dipersyaratkan sebagai umpan Effluent Water Treatment Plant.Kata kunci: Chloramine, Sour Water Stripper, Water Treatment
Studi Aliran Daya pada CCR 1 dan CCR 2 Proyek Otomatisasi Sistem Kontrol Unit 1, 2, 3 dan 4 Area Geothermal Lahendong
Authors: Armanjaya Agus Jaya
Published: April 2022

Studi aliran daya pada CCR 1 dan CCR 2 proyek otomatisasi sistem kontrol unit 1, 2, 3 dan 4 Lehendong merupakan studi yang dilakukan untuk memverfikasi hasil perencanaan yang sudah dilakukan sebelum dilakukan proses order material, konstruksi dan komisioning. Dengan studi aliran daya dapat diketahui karakteristik dari peralatan-peralatan yang akan dipasang, seperti kemampuan pembebanan suatu transformator,Â  kamampuan suplai emergency diesel generator pada saat terjadi gangguan suplai listrik dari PLN dan nilai tegangan dan arus pada masing-masing bus. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian didapatkan bahwa pada kondisi normal operation nilai tegangan terendah pada CCR 1 dan CCR 2 terjadi pada bus LHD4-BGD01-GS003-Q02 yaitu sebesarÂ  98,649 %. Sedangkan pada kondisi emergency operation nilai tegangan terendah pada CCR 1 dan CCR 2 terjadi pada bus LHD4-BGD01-GS003-Q02 yaitu sebesar 99,567 % dari tegangan nominal.Kata kunci: Otomatisasi, geothermal, CCR, sistem kontrol
MODAL SOSIAL KEMITRAAN KELOMPOK PETANI DI KAWASAN HUTAN RARUNG SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Suparyana Pande Komang , Yakin Addinul , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Sa’diyah Halimatus , Sukardi L.
Published: April 2022

Community participation in agroforestry activities is influenced by various internal factors of farmers, aspects of extension performance, and group social system support. So that social capital becomes the glue for each individual, in the form of norms, trust and networks, so that mutually beneficial cooperation occurs, to achieve common goals. The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of social capital in the partnership of farmer groups in the Rarung forest area during the Covid-19 pandemic. Respondents were taken as many as 52 farmers who are in the Rarung Forest Area, especially Pemepek Village, Pringgarata. Social capital analysis uses descriptive analysis using a Likert scale. The results showed that the role of social capital was very good in the Partnership of Farmer Groups in the Rarung Forest Area during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pemepek Village, Pringgarata District, Central Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province. The social capital component is focused on trust, social networks, social norms, proactive actions and reciprocity with a value of 85.93% which indicates the high role of social capital (trust, social networks, social norms, proactive actions and resiprocity) Partnership of Farmer Groups in the Rarung Forest Area During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Trust, social networks, social norms, proactive actions and reciprocity of group members carry out life in high social capital both within the group and in communities outside the group to strengthen ties of brotherhood, tolerance, and as an effort to make the business run well.
PENILAIAN KERUSAKAN POHON AKIBAT AKTIVITAS WISATA DI BUMI PERKEMAHAN KUBU PERAHU TAMAN NASIONAL BUKIT BARISAN SELATAN (TNBBS)
Authors: Fara Fernando Agung Adeiv , Winarno Gunardi Djoko , Winarno Gunardi Djoko , Safe’i Rahmat , Indriyanto Indriyanto
Published: April 2022

Kubu Perahu Camp Ground is the tourist destinations in the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (TNBBS), located in Pekon Kubu Perahu, Balik Bukit District, West Lampung Regency. This area is an intensive utilization zone as a tourist location. The number of tourist activities in Kubu Perahu area, can cause various impacts, one of the impacts that can be observed is damage to trees. The purpose of this study is to determine the status of damage to trees in Kubu Perahu Camp Ground. The study was conducted using the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method. The results showed there were three tree damage locations with the most damage locations, namely 29 trunk locations (code 3); type of damage to trees with the type of damage that is open wounds caused by stabbing and cutting sharp objects; with an average tree damage level of 20%. Based on the data analysis, it is known range value 2.9-4.4 belongs to Good category, there are 13 species of trees, range value 4.5-6.0 belonging to Medium category, there are no trees in this category, and range value 6.1-7.7 are classified as Bad category, there are 5 species of trees. The status of damage to trees in Kubu Perahu Camp Ground is in the category of 290 Good trees (97%), 0 medium trees (0%), and 8 trees bad (3%).
POTENSI TINGKAT PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN AREN (Arenga pinnata MERR.) DI KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI TENGAH KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Naemah Dina , Payung Damaris , Karni Fauzi
Published: April 2022

Arenga pinnata is a plant that has potential for the community as a source of income that can improve the welfare of the community because most of them get a source of income from processing this plant. Almost all parts of the sugar palm plant can be utilized, from the roots to the male flower bunches that can produce sap.Plant structure is the organization of individuals in space and composition is the arrangement of forest stands that includes the number of species or the number of individuals. Composition means also studying the distribution of a plant species based on density, frequency and dominance value. Vegetation structure is the result of spatial planning by stand components or plant communities in a community both vertically and horizontally. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential distribution of sugar palm growth rates in one of the districts in South Kalimantan, Hulu Sungai Tengah. The analysis was carried out by calculating the significant value index (INP) based on the values of Density, Frequency and Dominance. Data were collected using the plotted path method. The results showed that the density of sugar palm seedlings was very large, with an average of 13,055 seedlings/Ha (INP: 200%), the average pole density was 217 stems/Ha and the tree level averaged 90 trees/Ha. The number of panicles, which is the part that is used as raw material for making brown sugar, amounts to an average of 90 panicles/ha.
PENILAIAN DAMPAK HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN MELALUI SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS FRAMEWORK
Authors: Ayu Helen Yuseva , Kaskoyo Hari , Yuwono Slamet Budi , Banuwa Irwan Sukri , Safe’i Rahmat
Published: April 2022

Management forest area in concurrently through community forestry programs is an alternative to social forestry programs that involve communities to reduce problems with forest resource pressures. Gapoktan Beringin Jaya is one of the community forest groups bring of forest management and utilization activities by empowering local communities that have an impact on sustainable livelihoods. Therefore to find out the impact is carried out with the sustainable livelihoods framework to evaluate the impact and find out sustainable livelihood strategies. The results of this study are changes in community forestry that occur significantly through the sustainable livelihoods framework for livelihood assets, which are natural capital including owned land, timber species and non-timber forest product types. Human capital includes the type of training and the number of children going to school. Financial capital includes sources of income and loans. Social capital includes organizations, social networks, levels of trust and mutual assistance, and physical capital includes housing conditions, the number of motor vehicles and the number of electronic equipment.
KEMAMPUAN TANAMAN GENJER (LIMNOCHARIS FLAVA) DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL PADA AIR LIMBAH ARTIFISIAL
Authors: Lidiana Roci , Suprayogi Dedy , Nengse Sulistiya
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan tanaman genjer dalam menurunkan kadar logam Pb pada air limbah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara ekperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAK) dengan menggunakan dua faktor variasi, yaitu jumlah tanaman (5, 10, dan 15 tanaman) dan waktu paparan (3, 5, dan 7 hari). Jenis reaktor fitoremediasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu reaktor batch. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tanaman genjer mampu menurunkan logam Pb. Penurunan logam Pb yang paling efisien terjadi pada variasi 5 tanaman dengan lama paparan 7 hari yakni sebesar 0,06 ppm (99,6%). Namun, hasil penurunan tersebut belum memenuhi baku mutu air kelas 1 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 yaitu sebesar 0,03 ppm. Berdasarkan analisis statistik Kruskal-Wallis yang dilakukan, didapatkan P-value>0,05, atau tidak ada perbedaan nyata pada penggunaan variasi jumlah tanaman dan waktu paparan dalam menurunkan logam Pb.  Kata Kunci: Air Limbah, Fitoremediasi, Logam Berat Timbal, Tanaman Genjer.This study aims to determine the capability of yellow velvetleaf to reduce the Pb levels in wastewater. The research is accomplished by doing an experiment that uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD)with two variation factor, the number of plants (5, 10, and 15 plants) and exposure time (3, 5, and 7 days). The type of phytoremediation reactor used in this study is a batch reactor. The result showed that yellow velvetleaf were able to reduce Pb. The most efficient reduction of Pb levels occurs in the variation of 5 plants with exposure time for 7 days which is equal to 0,06 ppm (99,6%). However, the results of this reduction have not met the class 1 water quality standard of Peraturan Pemerintah Nomer 22 Tahun 2021, which is 0.03 ppm. Based on the Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis, it was found that the P value> 0.05, or there was no significant difference in the use of variations in the number of plants and exposure time in reducing Pb. Keywords: Lead Heavy Metal, Phytoremediation, Wastewater, Yellow Velvetleaf.
Pergerakan Pasukan Divisi 7 Desember di Wilayah Jawa Barat (1947-1950)
Authors: Rifkialdy Muhammad Bintang , Darmawan Wawan , Winarti Murdiyah
Published: April 2022

This article is entitled “The Movement of the 7 December Division Troops in the West Java Region (1947-1950)”. The main problem discussed in this article is how the movement of the 7 December Division Troops while in West Java. The purpose of this study is to examine more deeply the movement of the 7 December Division Troops in West Java during the battle with the TNI and the policies carried out by the 7 December Division while in West Java. This research used historical method which has several steps, namely Heuristic, source criticism in which there are external and internal criticisms, interpretation and historiography. To deepen the analysis of this research, this research used the approach of sociology and conflict theory. The research used literature study technique. Based on research results, the December 7th Division was a special troop formed directly by Queen Wilhelmina. These troops were asked to come to Indonesia and be stationed in the West Java region for the task of carrying out security and order. But the security and order carried out by the 7 December Division Troops in West Java constituted colonial order and security. West Java region is a strategic place because by conquering West Java, to control the capital can easily be achieved. The December 7th Division troops had their headquarters in the Batavia area. The 7 December Division troops have guardhouses in West Java, including: Buitenzorg, Batavia, Cibadak, Cianjur, Sukabumi, Tanggerang, Cibinong, Kebalen, and Tanjung Priok. In 1950, the 7 December Division was withdrawn and relieved of duties by Dutch East Indies.                                             Keywords: 7 December Division Troops, West Java Region, Security and Order, Battle of West Java
Karakteristik Pasangan Usia Subur yang Menggunakan Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Pendek di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Tengah
Authors: Hikmah Nurfiqria , Arisanty Deasy , Hastuti Karunia Puji
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the demographic factors of short term contracepcion methods in fertile age couples in Banjarmasin Tengah District, Banjarmasin City, South Kalimantan Province in 2019. The research sample was fertile age couples who used short term contraception totaling 364 people. This study used descriptive research with a quantitative approach. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires, observations, interviews and studies of secondary data from related agencies. The sampling technique in the study used the Simple Random Sampling technique. Analyzing data in the study was descriptive analysis by percentage. The results showed that the fertile age couple in Banjarmasin who used short-term contraceptive methods were aged 20-35 years (61%), the number of children <2 (66%), high education level (66%), good contraception knowledge ( 100%), KIE from midwives (46%), family planning services from puskesmas (50%), and income according to the Banjarmasin UMR (58%). Keywords: Fertile age couple, short-term contraceptives, family planning, number of children
The PROSES PENGEROLAN BATANG RUMPUT PAYUNG UNTUK MENGHASILKAN SERAT MELALUI METODE REDUKSI MENGGUNAKAN GEARBOX
Authors: Danang Murdiyanto  , Bernardus Crisanto P.B  , Yosep Ardi Ang S
Published: April 2022

Perancangan mesin produksi selalu membutuhkan suatu inovasi dengan tujuan melakukan perbaikan dan untuk memperbaiki hasil produksinya. Mesin rol pres batang rumput payung pada penelitian terdahulu masih bisa untuk dikembangkan lagi untuk memperbaiki kinerja dari mesin. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang dilakukan pertama adalah merancang sistem transmisi dan reduksi gearbox dengan motor penggerak utama dengan spesifikasi Daya 1 HP dan putaran 1400 rpm. Metode kedua adalah menguji mesin rol pres, pada penelitian ini dibuat 3 variasi pembebanan (35kg, 40kg, dan 45kg) dalam proses rol pres batang rumput payung dan masing-masing variasi pembebanan diambil 3 sampel serat untuk dilakukan uji tarik. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah sistem transmisi dipilih reduksi menggunakan gearbox jenis wormgear dengan rasio putaran (i) sebesar 1/20 dan dari perhitungan didapat putaran pada rol pres sebesar 20 rpm. Sedangkan dari hasil uji coba mesin rol pres dan setelah dilakukan uji tarik serat didapatkan nilai kuat tarik tertinggi pada variasi pembebanan sebesar 35 kg dengan serat yang di hasilkan lebih baik. Sedangkan untuk tegangan tarik rata-rata dari 3 sampel dhasilnya adalah sebesar 61.136 MPa.
Passivity voltage based control of the boost power converter used in photovoltaic system
Authors: Baazouzi K. , Bensalah A. D. , Drid S. , Chrifi-Alaoui L.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. This paper presents a robust nonlinear control of the DC-DC boost converter feeding by a photovoltaic system based on the passivity control. The control law design uses the passivity approach. Novelty. The novelty consists in designing a control law for a photovoltaic system using a passivity approach based on energy shaping and associated with damping injection. Purpose. The purpose consists to develop a tool for design and optimize a control law of the photovoltaic system in order to improve its efficiency under some conditions such as the variations of the temperature, the irradiation and the parameters. Also, the control law design should be simple with a lower overshoot and a shorter settling time. Methods. This work uses the port Hamiltonian mathematical approach with minimization of the energy dissipation in boost converter of the photovoltaic system to illustrate the modification of energy and generate a specify duty cycle applied to the converter. Results. The results with MATLAB/SimPowerToolbox® have proven the robustness against parameter variations and effectiveness of the proposed control. Practical value. The experimental results, carried out using a dSPACE DS1104 system, are presented to show the feasibility and the robustness of the proposed control strategy against parameter variations.
Equivalent cable harness method generalized for predicting the electromagnetic emission of twisted-wire pairs
Authors: Bensiammar S. , Lefouili M. , Belkhelfa S.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. In this paper, the equivalent cable harness method is generalized for predicting the electromagnetic emissions problems of twisted-wire pairs. The novelty of the proposed work consists in modeling of a multiconductor cable, in a simplified cable harness composed of a reduced number of equivalent conductors, each one is representing the behavior of one group of conductors of the initial cable. Purpose. This work is focused on the development and implementation of simplified simulations to study electromagnetic couplings on multiconductor cable. Methods. This method requires a four step procedure which is summarized as follows. Two different cases, of one end grounded and two ends grounded configurations can be analyzed. Results. The results had shown that the model complexity and computation time are significantly reduced, without, however, reducing the accuracy of the calculations.
A novel scheme for control by active and reactive power utilized in gearless variable speed wind turbine system with PMSG connected to the grid
Authors: Ghanem S. , Fandi G. , Kyncl J. , Müller Z.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. As a result of increasing fossil fuel price and state-of-the-art technology, more and more residential and commercial consumers of electricity have been installing wind turbines. The motivation being to cut energy bills and carbon dioxide emissions. Purpose. The main goal of this work is developing a control scheme for a variable speed wind turbine generator in order to produce utmost power from varying wind types, and variable wind speed. Novelty. This research paper presents an IGBT power converter control scheme for active power in relation to wind speed and reactive power by adjusting Q-reference (Qref) value in a gearless variable speed wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator. Methods. An effective modelling and control of the wind turbine with the suggested power converter is executed by utilizing MATLAB/Simulink software. The control scheme consists of both the wind turbine control and the power converter control. Simulation results are utilized in the analysis and deliberation of the ability of the control scheme, which reveals that the wind turbine generator has the capability to actively sustain an electric power grid network, owing to its ability to independently control active and reactive power according to applied reference values at variable wind speed. Practical value. This research can be utilized for assessing the control methodology, the dynamic capabilities and influence of a gearless variable-speed wind energy conversion system on electric power grids. A case study has been presented with a (3×10 MW = 30 MW) wind farm scheme.
The Effect of Various Tricoderma sp. Isolate As TRICHOCOMPOST Fertilizer In Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) Growth And Yield
Authors: Wachid Abdul , Fitrianisyah Laili
Published: April 2022

The main objective of this investigation was to study  the effects of TRICHOCOMPOST  treatments on some vegetative growth and yield characters of tomato plants. This experiment was conducted at theyard area of Wates, Kedensari Village, Tanggulangin and Agricultural Research and Experiment Center, Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo University, during Februaryto August 2018. This research used a single factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with compost fertilizer without Trichoderma sp. as control, Trichoderma sp. Claket isolate, Trichoderma sp. Jatijejer Isolate, dan Trichoderma sp. Jatirejo isolate as the main factor, 8 treatment levels and repeated 4 times. Then differences in the average value proceed used Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) at 5% level. The obtained results indicated generally that the effects of Trichocompost with Jatirejo isolate (P3) treatments reflected significant differences among the mean values of number of leaves plantand number of branch plant characters. Trichocompost with Jatijejer isolate (P2) reflected significant differences amongroot wet weight, Trichocompost with Jatirejo isolate (P3) reflected insignificant difference on plant characters than P0 treatment, however the treatment has the highhest mean value among the number of flower, the sum of fruit, and plant dry weight.
The Niichii Project: Revitalizing Indigenous Language in Northern Canada
Authors: Peterson Shelley Stagg , Manitowabi Yvette , Manitowabi Jacinta
Published: April 2022

Two Anishnabek kindergarten teachers discuss four principles of Indigenous pedagogies in a project with a university researcher that created a context for children to engage in activities to learn their Anishnabek language and culture, and create positive identities. The university researcher sent a rabbit puppet named Niichii (Friend), who was assigned the role of an Anishnaabek child whose family was from their Indigenous community but had moved away. Taking the role of Niichii’s Kokum (Grandmother), the university researcher asked the child to teach Niichii the community’s language and traditional ways. The teachers describe and interpret the learning activities of the Niichii project in terms of four elements of Indigenous pedagogies: intergenerational learning; experiential learning; spiritual learning involving interconnections with the land; and learning about relationality. Implications for other bilingual and multilingual contexts include creating role play contexts where children are positioned as teachers and helpers to support an imaginary character’s language and cultural learning, building on children’s funds of knowledge and highlighting cultural connections to the local community.
Bilingual Families: A Practical Language Planning Guide
Authors: Fielding Ruth
Published: April 2022

BILINGUAL FAMILIES: A PRACTICAL LANGUAGE PLANNING GUIDE

Crisfield, E. 2021Bristol: Multilingual Matters
Designing and Study of New Small Molecules Based Thiophene as Donor Materials for Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells
Authors: zouitina Said , Aboulouard Abdelkhalk , Ghazali Ahlam El , Byadi Said , idrissi Mohammed El , Tounsi Abdessamad
Published: April 2022

In this research work, we study the structural, optical, electronic and photovoltaic properties of eight thiophene-based π-conjugated organic molecules using quantum methods namely time-dependent density functional theory(TD-DFT). In particular, we identify the relationships between the chemical structure of these π-conjugated organic molecules and their optoelectronic properties. Moreover, we calculate and compare the highest energy occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest energy unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels of these compounds to that of the PCBM.As a result, the investigated molecules show a low band gap, suitable open circuit voltage and appropriate alignment energy level between the engineered donor molecules and the acceptor PCBM. This theoretical study shows that these new molecules have potential properties for the development of organic heterojunction photovoltaic cells.
Novel lectin-based chimeric antigen receptors target Gb3-positive tumour cells
Authors: Römer Winfried , Meléndez Ana Valeria , Cárdenas Rubí M-H Velasco , Lagies Simon , Siukstaite Lina , Thomas Oliver S. , Weber Wilfried , Kammerer Bernd , Minguet Susana
Published: April 2022

A link between cancer and aberrant glycosylation has recently become evident. Glycans and their altered forms, known as tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), are diverse, complex and difficult to target therapeutically. Lectins are naturally occurring glycan-binding proteins and offer a unique opportunity to recognise TACAs. T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have proven to be a successful immunotherapy against leukaemias, but so far have shown limited success in solid tumours. We developed a panel of lectin-CARs that recognise the glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), which is overexpressed in various cancers, such as Burkitt's lymphoma, colorectal, breast and pancreatic cancer. We have selected the following lectins: Shiga toxin's B-subunit from Shigella dysenteriae , LecA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and the engineered lectin Mitsuba from Mytilus galloprovincialis as antigen-binding domains and fused them to a well-known second generation CAR. The Gb3-binding lectin-CARs have demonstrated target-specific cytotoxicity against Burkitt's lymphoma-derived cell lines as well as solid tumour cells from colorectal and triple negative breast cancer. Our findings reveal the big potential of lectin-based CARs as therapeutical applications to target Gb3 and other TACAs expressed in haematological malignancies and solid tumours.
Higher magnesium levels are associated with better glycaemic control and diabetes remission post-bariatric surgery
Authors: Silva Maria Manuel , Neves João Sérgio , Borges-Canha Marta , Mendes António Pedro , Fonseca Maria João , Mendonça Fernando , Ferreira Maria João , Salazar Daniela , Pedro Jorge , Guerreiro Vanessa , Lau Eva , Varela Ana , Freitas Paula , Carvalho Davide
Published: April 2022

Background
Low Magnesium (Mg) dietary intake has been associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Furthermore, in patients with T2DM, hypomagnesemia is associated with worst glycaemic control. Bariatric surgery (BS) remains the most effective treatment in severe obesity and also provides resolution/improvement of T2DM. Our aim is to evaluate the association between Mg supplementation post-BS and Mg serum levels with diabetes status after BS.
Methods
We performed an observational study on patients with obesity and T2DM who underwent BS. Data was assessed preoperatively and one-year after surgery.
Results
We included a total of 403 patients with T2DM. At baseline, 43.4% of the patients had Mg deficiency. Pre-operatively, patients with Mg deficiency had poorer glycaemic control – HbA1c 7.2 ± 1.6% vs 6.4 ± 1.0% (p < 0.001), fasting plasma glucose 146.2 ± 58.8mg/dL vs 117.5 ± 36.6 mg/dL (p < 0.01) and were under a greater number of anti-diabetic drugs 1.20 ± 0.99 vs 0.82 ± 0.82 (p = 0.001). These findings persisted post-operatively. Post-operatively, patients that were under Mg supplementation had similar serum Mg values but better HbA1c – HbA1c 5.5 ± 0.5% vs 5.7 ± 0.9 (p = 0.007). At the first year post-surgery, 58.4% of the patients had total remission of T2DM and 4.1% had partial remission. Patients without Mg deficiency at 1-year post-surgery had higher rates of total and partial remission. Higher serum Mg levels at baseline is an independent predictor of T2DM remission (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion
Higher serum Mg levels in patients with T2DM submitted to BS are associated with better glycaemic control and higher rates of T2DM remission at the first year post-surgery.
God, cancer, and the good life: An investigation into the effectiveness of a spiritual/religious intervention on coping and well-being of cancer patients
Authors: Panah Zeinab Ghaem , Aghababaei Naser , Rafieinia Parvin , Sabahi Parviz , Hosseini Shahrokh Makvand , Alzaben Faten , Koenig Harold
Published: April 2022

In light of the high prevalence of breast cancer and the importance of addressing spirituality/religious issues in clinical care, the present study sought to investigate the effectiveness of a spiritual/religious intervention on religious coping and psychological well-being in women with breast cancer. A quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design and a control group was conducted in a sample of 60 Iranian breast cancer patients. Pargament’s 14-item Brief RCOPE and 6-dimentional Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scales were administered at baseline and follow-up. Research data were analyzed using an analysis of covariance. Results indicate that the spiritual/religious intervention was effective in increasing positive religious coping and reducing negative religious coping, although there was no effect on psychological well-being.
Sex under the influence of psychoactive substances among young people in informal settlements in Kampala, Uganda: prevalence, predictors, and implications for sexual and reproductive health programming
Authors: Ssekamatte Tonny , Nalugya Aisha , Mugambe Richard K. , Wagaba Brenda , Nakalembe Doreen , Mutebi Aloysious , Bagonza Richard Asaba , Tigaiza Arnold , Kansiime Winnie K. , Ssempala Richard , Wafula Solomon T. , Isunju John Bosco , Buregyeya Esther
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPsychoactive substance use has an impact on risky sexual behaviour. Globaly, over 275 million people use psychoactive substances, however evidence on the predictors of sex under the influence of these substatnces is scanty. We investigated the prevalence and predictors of sex under the influence of psychoactive substances among young people aged 18-24 years.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 744 sexually active young psychoactive substance users living in informal settlements in Kampala, Uganda. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a digitalized structured questionnaire preloaded on Kobocollect. The questionnaire captured data on the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, history of psychoactive substance use, and sexual behaviours. Data were analysed using STATA Version 14.0. A modified Poisson regression model was used to determine the factors associated with the outcome variable. Adjusted prevalence ratios at a p-value value ≤ 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval were considered.ResultsAbout 61.0% (454/744) of the respondents had sex under the influence of psychoactive substances in the last 30 days. The predictors of sex under the influence of psychoactive substances were being female (PR 1.18, 95% CI: 1.04-1.34), being 20-24 years of age (PR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.04-1.44), being married (PR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01-1.31) or divorced/separated (PR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.26-1.61), not living with biological parents or guardians (PR 1.22, 95% CI: 0.99-1.50), earning 71 USD and below (PR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.79-1.03) and using alcohol (PR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.25-1.69), marijuana (PR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02-1.31) and khat (PR 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10-1.42) in the last 30 days.ConclusionThis study revealed a high prevalence of sex under the influence of psychoactive substances among young people in informal settlements in Kampala, Uganda. The predictors of sex under the influence of psychoactive substances were being female, being 20-24 years of age, being married or divorced/separated, not living with biological parents or guardians, and using alcohol, marijuana and khat in the last 30 days. There is a need for sexual and reproductive health programs to incorporate risk reduction interventions that aim to reduce sex under the influence of psychoactive substances among the said categories in informal settlements.
Slip behavior of Velocity-Weakening barriers.
Authors: Molina Diego , Ampuero Jean-Paul , Tassara Andrés
Published: April 2022

Seismic barriers are fault portions that promote earthquake rupture arrest and fault segmentation. Despite their fundamental role in controlling the maximum magnitude of earthquakes, the nature of seismic barriers is still uncertain. A common interpretation of barriers as having velocity-strengthening (VS) friction, i.e. steady-state friction increases with increasing slip velocity, is inconsistent with the thermal control of friction observed in laboratory experiments which implies that most subducted VS materials eventually turn velocity-weakening (VW) at some depth. Here we examine the possibility of VW barriers by conducting earthquake cycle simulations along a VW megathrust segmented by lateral variations of frictional properties and normal stress. We show that VW fault segments display a wide range of behaviors, including permanent barrier behavior. They can be locked during long periods and release their slip deficit either seismically or aseismically. We quantify the efficiency of VW barriers in arresting ruptures by a non-dimensional parameter based on fracture mechanics theory which can be constrained by observations on natural faults. This work provides insights on how tectonic features may control earthquake patterns and advances the theoretical underpinnings of physics-based hazard assessment.
A Platform for Blue-Luminescent Carbon-Centered Radicals
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Yi-Lin , Chen Chan , Ren Yan-Yan , Han YingFeng
Published: April 2022

Organic radicals, which have unique doublet spin-configuration, provide an alternative method to overcome the efficiency limitation of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on conventional fluorescent organic mole-cules. Further, they have made great breakthroughs in deep-red and near-infrared OLEDs. However, it is diffi-cult to extend their fluorescence into a short-wavelength region because of the natural narrow bandgap of the organic radicals. Herein, we significantly expand the scope of luminescent radicals by showing a new platform of carbon-centered radicals derived from N-heterocyclic carbenes that produce blue to green emissions (444–529 nm). Time-dependent density functional theory calculations and experimental investigations disclose that the fluorescence originates from the high-energy excited states to the ground state, demonstrating an anti-Kasha behavior. The present work provides an efficient and modular approach toward a library of carbon-centered radicals that feature anti-Kasha's rule emission, rendering them as potential new emitters in the short-wavelength region.
The relationship between cooking fuel and health status from the perspective of income heterogeneity
Authors: Yang Zhiming , Zhuang Xijie , Li Jiuling , Zhang Guanghui , Zhang Yunquan , Fu Lifu , Li Chengyou
Published: April 2022

This study estimates the potential relationship between household air pollution and health status via using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Household air pollution is measured by different type of cooking fuels. Health status is evaluated from the perspective of respondents’ self-ratings of health, mental health, and by interviewer-assessed health. The data comprise more than 100,000 samples from 162 counties between 2012 and 2019. We employ a Hierarchical Linear Model to infer the potential impact of household air pollution caused by cooking fuel on residents’ health. After adjusting control variables, we find cleaner cooking fuels such as solar energy and biogas are more conducive to residents’ health status. Our findings manifest that cleaner fuels and lower exposure to household air pollution are better for residents’ health. Low-income households are more likely to be affected by household air pollution. This study emphasizes the consequence of the potential health effects on residents due to household air pollution from cooking fuels and the uneven distribution of those effects. It is recommended that such factors as household air pollution risks, health, and environmental fairness&justice should be considered in the policy formulation process.
Discovering and forecasting extreme events via active learning in neural operators
Authors: Pickering Ethan , Karniadakis George , Sapsis Themistoklis
Published: April 2022

Extreme events in society and nature, such as pandemic spikes or rogue waves, can have catastrophic consequences. Characterizing extremes is difficult as they occur rarely, arise from seemingly benign conditions, and belong to complex and often unknown infinite-dimensional systems. Such challenges render attempts at characterizing them as moot. We address each of these difficulties by combining novel training schemes in Bayesian experimental design (BED) with an ensemble of deep neural operators (DNOs). This model-agnostic framework pairs a BED scheme that actively selects data for quantifying extreme events with an ensemble of DNOs that approximate infinite-dimensional nonlinear operators. We find that not only does this framework clearly beat Gaussian processes (GPs) but that 1) shallow ensembles of just two
members perform best; 2) extremes are uncovered regardless of the state of initial data (i.e. with or without extremes); 3) our method eliminates "double-descent" phenomena; 4) the use of batches of suboptimal acquisition points compared to step-by-step global optima does not hinder BED performance; and 5) Monte Carlo acquisition outperforms standard minimizers in high-dimensions. Together these conclusions form the foundation of an AI-assisted experimental infrastructure that can efficiently infer and pinpoint critical situations across many domains, from physical to societal systems.
Ultrafast Fly-scan Nano-Tomography on the Seconds Timescale using Deep Learning
Authors: Zhang Jiayong , Lee Wah-Keat , Ge Mingyuan
Published: April 2022

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an important technique for characterizing the 3D structure of materials, and, has found broad applications in medical imaging, biological research, and material science. Recently, due to the advances in x-ray source technology which provides very high beam intensities, there is great interest in applying CT to track 3D dynamics of samples, sometimes referred as 4D imaging. However, conventional CT reconstruction algorithms require that the sample does not change over the course of the CT data acquisition time, which limits the achievable temporal resolution of CT. The timescale of the sample dynamics being investigated must be much longer than the CT data acquisition time, in order to fulfill the stable sample requirement during data acquisition. At the same time, there is increasing concern about x-ray induced sample damage and undesired x-ray induced interactions. Thus, there is great interest and research to significantly reduce the CT data acquisition time and at the same time, reduce the sample dose. Here, we describe a new machine-learning (ML) based algorithm that significantly reduces CT data acquisition time as well as overall x-ray dose. With this approach, we achieved an ultrafast nano-tomography with sub-10 s data acquisition time and sub-50 nm spatial resolution with a Transmission X-ray Microscope. We applied our new algorithm to study the dynamic morphology changes in a Li-ion battery cathode material under a heating rate of 50 oC/s and found a self-healing of cracks during the sintering process. The proposed reconstruction protocol can be applied to other tomography modalities.