bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inclusive spatial learning experience
Authors: Zallio Matteo , Chivaran Camelia , Capece Sonia , Clarkson P. John , Buono Mario
Published: November 2023

The design of the built environment strongly influences people’s needs, how they learn, behave, and build relationships. Education and learning are part of the nature of human beings, and allow them to develop skills, advance culture, and answer needs. In the current context, the incremental use of technological devices inside spaces has brought several positive outcomes, but also various challenges due to increased complexity. Limitations in considering the diversity of human needs confronted with architecture and technologies may raise stigmatization and exclusion. This article explores the links between the learning theories and the paradigms of user-centered design, providing theoretical affinities able to reduce the exclusion of people during interaction with spaces and objects. The process of the inclusive spatial learning experience aims to stimulate designers to deliver inclusive spaces that provide a progressive discovery of their characteristics and technologies, with the final goal to improve the experience for people with different abilities, age, gender, culture, and various roles within the specific architecture they use and live.
Flexible Thinking Value-Add: Embedding Strategic Design into Graduate Education
Authors: Eze Kingsley , Quayle Moura
Published: November 2023

This article shares experiences of embedding strategic design into graduate education including learners’ feedback, and focus group outcomes.  The goal of policy education in graduate school is to engage and inspire learners to critically think and problem-solve. Modern-day problems continuously challenge the status quo of conventional thinking and require a unique approach to tackling them. Strategic design, as a model, provides a framework to tackle challenging issues across multiple sectors by applying the ASK, TRY, and DO approach. It is anticipated that the learnings of this study inspire more educators to adopt and incorporate strategic design into their curriculum. In addition, educators could embed these findings into their learning environments as part of the quest for innovation in Public Policy and Interdisciplinary Studies.
Future Self
Authors: Kim Miso , Zhou Xing , Thomson Tia
Published: November 2023

This project explored dignity as a design principle for a service supporting formerly incarcerated students by helping them achieve their higher education goals and career ambitions. We highlight autonomy as the foundation of dignity and explore how autonomy and dignity are intertwined in the context of education. We conducted interviews with formerly incarcerated students and their educators to develop the “Future Self” service strategy. This service inspires the students to stay motivated by assisting them to design their future identities and connect with mentors who can serve as role models, and through income share agreement (ISA) financial plans to provide upfront funding, and ways of giving back to the community by empowering them to become mentors themselves.
Translating data into narratives
Authors: Mariani Ilaria , Bianchi Irene
Published: November 2023

Today more than ever, it is evident the role that data can play when designing policies. Not only can understandable data orient better strategies, but they can also enable reflexive practices within Public Administrations, giving directions for knowledge management and smarter governance. However, multiple gaps concur to affect data understanding and interpretation, hindering their subsequent translation into policy-valuable information. To tackle challenges related to data interpretation and usage, the article (i) illustrates a narrative approach for building profiles of cities as narrative feedback from sets of data and (ii) investigates their potential as a (self-)evaluation and a decision-making support device. The feedback structure relies on the conceptual model built for the DIGISER Project, which investigated multidimensional digital transition processes across European cities. Dynamic feedback retrieves data from the project dataset, translating them into discursive form. The effectiveness of the approach and its device is validated through a qualitative enquiry on a textual excerpt provided to three different departments of one of the cities that participated in the survey. The study corroborates that designing narrative feedback as semantic interpretations can trigger understanding, (self-)reflection and support policy change, informing policy formulation and facilitating cross-silo interactions across administrative units engaged in digital transformation processes.
Designing Culture-intensive Artefacts. How the Design Process Interprets Craft Reiteration to Build Future Diversities.
Authors: Vacca Federica , Bertola Paola , Colombi Chiara
Published: November 2023

The paper approaches the subject of traditional craft and local know-how from the perspective of design practice. The specific focus is on those fields of design that produce the so-called culture-intensive goods (Hesmondhalgh, 2002; Bovone and Mora, 2003), such as fashion, home goods and food. They are the result of recombination by design of a specific cultural capital into new shapes and meanings. Thanks to "Made in Italy" best practices context selected in those fields, the paper will discuss how design shapes future artefacts rooted in the reinterpretation of the past. On one hand, accessing craft culture and its reiterative attitude of transmission of identity and tradition along times. On the other hand, recombining craft processes into reconfigured practice, encoding different meanings into new narratives.
Prediction and Validation of Whirl Flutter Data of the Maryland Tiltrotor Rig
Authors: Gul Seyhan , Datta Anubhav
Published: November 2023

University of Maryland's Maryland Tiltrotor Rig was tested in the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division 8 -× 10-ft subsonic wind tunnel. Flutter frequency and damping data were collected for wing beam and chord modes up to 100 kt . Eight configurations were tested. Baseline
data are gimbal-free, freewheeling mode, wing fairings on with straight and swept-tip blades. Gimbal-locked, powered mode, and wing fairings off data were also collected, all with straight and swept-tip blades. The sweep angle is 20 °, starting at80% R. Details of the mathematical
model are reported. Predictions were carried out for each con guration with the University of Maryland's new aeromechanics solver UMARC-II. Wing beam damping showed good agreement with the test data. Wing chord damping was underpredicted with a maximum of 0.9% difference. The trends for this
mode for the gimbal-locked, straight blades con gurations (freewheeling and powered) were not captured by the analysis. Swept-tip blades did not show a dedinitive increase in wing beam or chord damping for the gimbal-free configuration. However, wing chord damping increased (about 0.4% at60
kt) due to swept-tip blades for the gimbal-locked, freewheeling con guration. Locking the gimbal increased the wing chord damping by 0.5%, which was picked up by the analysis. Powered mode also increased the wing chord damping by 0.5% compared to freewheeling mode, but the analysis did not
predict this behavior. Wing beam damping test data showed an increase at higher speeds due to wing aerodynamics, although not as clearly as predictions due to scatter.
Autorotation Transfer of Training: Effects of Helicopter Dynamics
Authors: Francesco Scaramuzzino Paolo , Pool Daan M. , Pavel Marilena D. , Stroosma Olaf , Quaranta Giuseppe , Mulder Max
Published: November 2023

This paper analyzes the effects of the helicopter dynamics on pilots’ learning process and transfer of learned skills during autorotation training. A quasi-transfer-of-training experiment was performed with 10 experienced helicopter pilots in the SIMONA moving-base flight simulator
at Delft University of Technology. Pilots had to control an in-house flight dynamics model setup to simulate two types of helicopter dynamics: (1) a “hard” dynamics characterized by a low autorotative flare index requiring high pilot control compensation and (2) a “easy”
dynamics characterized by a high autorotative flare index with low pilot control compensation required. Two groups of pilots tested these types of dynamics in a different training sequence: hard-easy-hard (HEH group) and easy-hard-easy (EHE group). The main conclusion of this study proved
that simulator training for autorotation can best start with pilots training in the most resource demanding condition. A more challenging helicopter’s dynamics will require higher pilot agility and more rapid responses to his/her perceptual changes. This will result in pilots developing
more robust and adaptable flying skills. Indeed, a clear positive transfer of training effect was observed in the experiment presented in this paper in terms of acquired pilot skills in the HEH group, but not the EHE group. Positive transfer was especially observed in terms of reduced rate
of descent at touchdown. The two groups differed in the control strategy applied, with the HEH group having developed a control technique mimicking more closely the one adopted in a real helicopter.
The journey of Indonesian nurse migration: a scoping review
Authors: Pradipta Rifky Octavia , Efendi Ferry , Alruwaili Abdullah Saleh , Diansya Mohammad Rizal , Kurniati Anna
Published: November 2023

The migration of nurses from Indonesia to other foreign countries is an inevitable part of the global mobility of the nurse profession. This phenomenon requires investigation to understand the current trajectories of Indonesian nurses in the global market. This scoping review aimed to investigate the Indonesian nurses' mobility to the international healthcare market. A scoping review of primary research addressing Indonesian nurses migration journey overseas. A range of databases were searched, including Scopus, Web of Science Clarivate Analytics, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and PubMed. A systematic process was performed guided by the work of Arksey and O'Malley. Four databases were searched, and 68 articles were retrieved. After screening articles and abstracts, 19 full texts were assessed for eligibility, and finally, 17 studies were further analyzed and synthesized. Eleven qualitative studies, five quantitative study and one literature review study met inclusion criteria, emphasizing the three phases of migration: pre-migration, migration and post-migration. The destination countries of Indonesian nurses including Japan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Taiwan. At the pre-migration stage there are several aspects that must be considered, there were: language, understanding of the job position, reason to work and comprehensive understanding of the destination countries. Migration stage include issues language, deskilling, mental health, unclear career path, cultural adaptation, lack of religious services and homesickness. At the post-migration stage includes deskilling, brain waste and re-integration with brain circulation platform. The comprehensive approach of Indonesian nurses migration from pre-migration, migration and post-migration has shown us the trajectory of Indonesian nurses in international migration. Understanding the bottle neck of each stage with improve policy support is needed to create safe and sound migration channel for Indonesian nurses. This review highlighted to the need for future research in key areas such as the impact of nurse migration on Indonesia's health systems.
Clinicopathological Spectrum of Henoch–Schönlein Purpura Vasculitis: An Experience from a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Basu Keya , Addya Soma , Mukherjee Sriranjan , Sengupta Moumita , Pandey Rajendra , Chatterjee Gobinda , Bandopadhyay Manimoy
Published: November 2023

Henoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a small vessel vasculitis with multiorgan involvement. Renal involvement is the key factor predicting morbidity. We have aimed to analyze the clinicopathological spectrum of HSP vasculitis and HSP nephritis to assess the risk factors associated with kidney involvement. This retrospective study was performed in the department of pathology with collaboration of department of dermatology and department of nephrology of a tertiary care center. All clinical details along with biopsy findings were retrieved. Starting materials of the study were cases of leukocytoclastic vasculitis with only perivascular IgA deposit of more than ++ in the absence of other immunoglobulin and trace complements. To investigate the possible factors that are influential on the development of biopsy-proven HSP nephritis, we divided the whole study population in two groups -group 1: with and group 2: without biopsy-proven nephritis. One-way analysis of variance was carried out during comparative analysis between two groups using IBM SPSS statistics software, version 19 and MedCalc software, version 12.3.0.0. HSP vasculitis comprised 11.6% (n = 19) of total cutaneous vasculitis in 2 years (164 cases) with a mean age of 13.52 ± 8.10 (range: 4–33 years). Three cases developed de novo kidney disease (15.79%). A correlation analysis revealed that predictors were seasonal variation (P = 0.018), severe gastrointestinal involvement (P = 0.03), and subcutaneous edema (P = 0.005). Various clinical and laboratory parameters were associated with renal consequences. Occult nephritis was the most common presentation with crescent as a constant histopathological feature.
A Boy with End-stage Kidney Disease and Hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: Raina Manan , Savita S , Singh Kanika , Sethi Sidharth K.
Published: November 2023

Mutations in the HNF-1β gene have been found to be associated with renal cysts and diabetes syndrome (RCAD), also known as MODY5. The mutation is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, although sporadic mutations can be seen. Pediatric cases of HNF - 1β mutations are more likely to present with renal involvement like renal failure or renal hypoplasia. In young individuals, the detection of renal abnormalities usually pre-date the diagnosis of diabetes with a mean age of 24 years. We report a 5 year old, end stage kidney disease patient with renal cysts and hypertriglyceridemia (in the absence of overt diabetes) with a known pathogenic mutation in the Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-1β (HNF-1β) gene on chromosome 17q12. This case expands the clinical spectrum of HNF-1β mutation disorders with a take home message, that end stage renal disease patients with unexplained hypertriglyceridemia (even in absence of diabetes mellitus) should alert a clinician for HNF-1β mutational analysis.
Bedside Method to Check the Adequacy of Kidney Biopsy Sample with a Smartphone Camera and Macro Lenses: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Modi Suny S. , Ramamurthy Satheesh , Balasubramanian S. , Kumar Sunil , Daruwala Feral
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

The utilization of smartphone-assisted evaluation is emerging in the field of histopathology. This technique improves the adequacy of samples at the bedside, avoids procedure-related complications, reduces unnecessary repeat biopsies, and saves the cost of the procedure. This study aims to compare the number of glomeruli in a renal biopsy specimen obtained by an ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy, counted at the bedside using a smartphone fitted with a 16-megapixel macro lens (Bedside method) with that observed under a light microscope after the processing of the biopsy specimen (LM method).

Methods:

In this prospective cohort study, 24 consecutive adult patients (48 kidney biopsy samples) who underwent kidney biopsies were enrolled. All specimens were extracted by an ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy from the lower pole of the left kidney. Patients’ demographics and clinical data were prospectively collected. The number of glomeruli in all the biopsy specimens was counted using a smartphone fitted with a 16-megapixel macro lens at the bedside (Bedside method) and subsequently under a light microscope by a pathologist after processing the biopsy specimen (LM method). Seven or more glomeruli in the specimen were considered adequate in our study.

Results:

The mean age of patients at biopsy was 46.9 ± 16 years with slightly male predominance (54.2%). A total of 47 specimens were obtained from 24 patients. Of the 24 patients, 22 had native kidney biopsy and 2 had renal allograft biopsy. The average number of cores obtained per patient was 1.96. The length of core specimens ranged from 1.5 to 2 cm. A good agreement was found between bedside adequacy and slide adequacy, κ =0.684, P = 0.000. The positive agreement rate and negative agreement rate were 91.4% and 23.1%, respectively.

Conclusion:

In the modern era of technology, the smartphone is a good tool to evaluate the adequacy of biopsy specimens at the bedside.
Perceptible Experiences of General Population: Lesson Learnt Across First and Second Wave of Pandemic
Authors: Sharma Rajni , Kumar Krishan , Tyagi Pooja , Suri Vikas , Dhiman Deepanshu , Saini Lokesh , Yadav Jaivinder , Sharma Divyansh , Ghai Babita
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Lockdown during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and isolation were discovered to have a negative psychological influence on the general population’s mental health and wellbeing.

Aim:

This study aims to Trace and compares the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in terms of psychological well-being (PWB), distress and family functioning during the first and second wave.

Materials and Methods:

A convenient purposive sampling method was used to conduct an online survey during the first COVID wave (May 2020–July 2020) in India, and the same demographic group was re-contacted (March 2021–May 2021) during the second wave. The institute ethical committee was consulted in advance for approval, and participants’ digital consent was obtained. The first and second waves of the COVID-19 epidemic in India were evaluated using the PWB scale, the depression anxiety stress scale 21, and the brief family relationship scale.

Results:

Among all individuals, there was a 25.4%, 39.3%, and 30% prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression, respectively in our study. Participant’s well-being and family relationships were negatively impacted by anxiety and depression. Older participants reported more favorable relationships and higher levels of well-being than younger participants did. Women scored significantly lower on psychological well-being measures and much higher on stress, anxiety, and depression measures than men.

Conclusion:

The first wave, which has contributed to a significant increase in psychiatric morbidity, affected the general population at a moderate intensity. The present study’s findings may be useful for developing policies, intervention programs, and offering psychosocial help to the community.
Septic Shock
Authors: Malvel Sindhu , Chandrashekar Supraja , Singh Rajesh Kumar
Published: November 2023

Background:

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare, potentially life-threatening, drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction that includes skin eruption, hematologic abnormalities, lymphadenopathy, and internal organ involvement.

Clinical Description:

An 11-year-old boy presented with high-grade intermittent fever and generalized rash for 7 days. He was started on phenytoin 1 month back. On presentation, the child was sick looking with 104°F fever, tachypnea, tachycardia, flushed with bounding pulses, and generalized edema suggestive of septic shock. Distinct diffuse erythematous, maculopapular rash with normal mucosae was noted all over the body with palmar and plantar erythema associated with hepatomegaly and ascites. Investigations showed eosinophilia.

Management:

The child was managed conservatively for septic shock, followed by withdrawing phenytoin and giving a pulse dose of methylprednisolone, followed by oral prednisolone.

Conclusion:

In children presenting with prolonged fever and rash with septic shock, DRESS syndrome should be considered differential diagnosis. A strong clinical suspicion and appropriate lab investigations is cornerstone of diagnosis.
Novel Heterozygous Mutation of CIITA Gene Presenting with Recurrent Infections and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Chidambaram Aakash Chandran , Ramamoorthy Jaikumar Govindaswamy , Krishnamurthy Sriram , Manivannan Prabhu , Karunakar Pediredla
Published: November 2023

Background:

The expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule is essential for homeostasis of the immune system. The expression of MHC-II is regulated by the master regulator for transcription, the Class II transactivator (CIITA) gene. Homozygous mutations affecting the CIITA gene result in bare lymphocyte syndrome type-II, but the clinical manifestations of heterozygous mutations are not well reported.

Clinical Description:

Herein, we describe the roller coaster course of a 6-year-old child who had presented with recurrent infections in infancy and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in toddler age, who was later found to have heterozygous mutation in the CIITA gene.

Management:

The child was managed with immunosuppression for SLE and monthly intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy and daily cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for features of immunodeficiency.

Conclusion:

This case report aims to provide more insight into the clinical features associated with heterozygous mutations of CIITA.
Neonatal Osteosclerotic Bone Dysplasia (Raine Syndrome)
Authors: Girigiri Tarun Kumar , Reddy Tejaswi , Madireddy Alimelu , Lingaldinna Swapna
Published: November 2023

Background:

Raine syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive neonatal osteosclerotic bone dysplasia caused due to mutations in the FAM20C gene. It has an early and aggressive onset which often results in death in the first few weeks of life, although there have been cases of patients surviving into childhood.

Clinical Description:

We describe the case of a neonate girl born with microcephaly, proptosis, triangular mouth, depressed flat nasal bridge, mid-face hypoplasia, low set ears, high-arched palate, and a wide-open anterior fontanelle. Based on the clinical phenotype, the differentials considered were a congenital infection and Crouzon syndrome.

Management:

Infantogram revealed generalized osteosclerosis. Based on the radiological phenotype, the differentials considered include Thanatophoric dysplasia, osteopetrosis, and Achondroplasia. Search for concealed anomalies revealed dysmorphic features in the brain and kidneys. The clinical exome demonstrated a heterozygous missense and heterozygous nonsense variant in exon-7 of the FAM20C gene, which established the diagnosis of Raine syndrome.

Conclusion:

Genetic analysis based on phenotype can aid in the early diagnosis of dysmorphic children and help in instituting appropriate management
Atypical Mongolian Spots in an Infant
Authors: Gadhiraju Manisha Varma , Manugu Navya Sree , Etikela Sangeetha , Kodandapani Yerroju
Published: November 2023

Background:

Atypical Mongolian spots are lesions that are aberrant in location (over the abdomen, back, legs, shoulders, or arms), extensive in distribution, persist beyond early infancy, and/or progressively increase in number. These are frequently associated with lysosomal storage disorders or neurocristopathies.

Clinical Description:

A 4-month-old girl presented with a common cold. Extensive aberrant Mongolian spots over the back, buttocks, lower limbs, and new onset grayish-blue macular spots over the abdomen prompted us to do a detailed evaluation to look for any underlying pathology. Other salient clinical findings included coarse facies, hepatomegaly, absence of significant developmental delay, bilateral macular cherry red spots, and ovoid-shaped vertebral bodies. The clinical phenotype was that of a lysosomal storage disorder possibly GM1 gangliosidosis. This was confirmed by deficient levels of ß-galactosidase.

Management:

The parents underwent genetic counseling. The infant was enrolled in an early intervention program. By the age of 6 months, the infant had not acquired any new developmental skills and new Mongolian spots did not develop. Subsequently, the family was lost to follow-up.

Conclusion:

Infants with aberrant Mongolian spots need to undergo an in-depth evaluation to identify underlying systemic disorders, even if they are asymptomatic. Diagnosis helps in providing supportive care to the child, specific therapy (if available) and the option of prenatal diagnosis in subsequent pregnancies.
Bell's Palsy in a Child with Acute Viral Hepatitis C Infection
Authors: Thakur Neha , Rai Narendra
Published: November 2023

Background:

Bell's palsy is the most common form of facial paralysis in children. Etiology of facial paralysis can be both congenital and acquired. Acquired facial paralysis in most cases is due to viral infections. Hepatitis C infection leading to Bell's palsy is an unusual complication which has not been reported until now.

Clinical Description and Management:

A 4 month's old male child was admitted with fever, vomiting, refusal to feed, and icterus. His investigations revealed anemia with neutrophilic leukocytosis and deranged liver function tests. Hepatitis C antibody test was reactive. On 5th day of admission, right-sided Bell's palsy was noticed. There were no other signs of neurological deficit. Parental testing revealed hepatitis C antibodies in mother. The child was managed conservatively. He responded to treatment and symptoms subsided within 1 week of its onset.

Conclusion:

This case report highlights an unusual complication of hepatitis C infection in children. Prognosis in this case was good as the child recovered spontaneously.
Role of Virtual Psychosocial Interventions in Coping with Mental Health Challenges of Children during the Pandemic
Authors: Bharti Bhavneet , Malhi Prahbhjot
Published: November 2023

Background:

The morbidity and mortality rates associated with the COVID-19 infection among children, fortunately, continue to be low; nevertheless, children are experiencing several pandemic-related mental health risks.

Clinical Description:

DK, a 9-year-old boy, was referred to the pediatrics department of a tertiary care center for compulsive oxygen saturation checking behaviors that developed a few weeks after the sudden demise of his maternal grandfather due to the COVID-19 infection. A diagnosis of adjustment disorder with emotional and behavioral problems was made as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-5 criteria.

Management:

A comprehensive management plan was drawn out that focused on encouraging the parents to engage in productive and meaningful conversations regarding death being a permanent event in the life cycle. The child was asked to draw so that he could share his feelings and was also taught “belly breathing” that used a script of 4 counts in and 4 counts out by sharing child-orientated educational videos. The family was asked to chalk out a structured routine with time for creative artwork besides completing academic assignments. Follow-up after a month of therapy revealed an overall improvement in behavior, increased interactions with teachers and peers, and decline in compulsive checking of oxygen saturation levels.

Conclusions:

There is a need to expand digital treatment options for children, especially during times of public health emergencies, by using online psychoeducation resources, mental health apps, and conducting online therapy sessions.
A Giant Schwannoma at the Pterygopalatine fossa – A Case Report
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Schwannomas are rarely seen in pterygopalatine fossa (PPF). PPF is a complex anatomical location and is often difficult to assess. This tumor arises from the branches of the trigeminal nerve. Initially, this tumor at the PPF is removed by conventional extra-nasal technique. The open-access traditional method for removal of the tumor from PPF is often associated with morbidity. However, the advancement of an expanded endonasal approach enables the skull base surgeons to reach into PPF via a transnasal nasal approach. A 22-year-old female was presented with a headache on the right side for 1 month and right-side facial numbness for 15 days. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the tumor at the PPF. The patient underwent endoscopic removal of the tumor and the biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. The endoscopic transnasal approach provides adequate access to the PPF, therefore, it enables the removal of the tumor safely with little or no morbidity than the conventional approach.
Impact of Patient Sex on Adverse Events and Unscheduled Utilization of Medical Services in Cancer Patients Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Choi Songji , Seo Seyoung , Lee Ju Hyun , Suh Koung Jin , Kim Ji-Won , Kim Jin Won , Kim Se Hyun , Kim Yu Jung , Lee Keun-Wook , Kim Jwa Hoon , Kim Tae Won , Hong Yong Sang , Kim Sun Young , Kim Jeong Eun , Kim Sang-We , Lee Dae Ho , Lee Jae Cheol , Choi Chang-Min , Yoon Shinkyo , Koh Su-Jin , Min Young Joo , Ahn Yongchel , Kim Hwa Jung , Baek Jin Ho , Park Sook Ryun , Kim Jee Hyun
Published: November 2023

Purpose The female sex is reported to have a higher risk of adverse events (AEs) from cytotoxic chemotherapy. Few studies examined the sex differences in AEs and their impact on the use of medical services during adjuvant chemotherapy. This sub-study aimed to compare the incidence of any grade and grade ≥ 3 AEs, healthcare utilization, chemotherapy completion rate, and dose intensity according to sex.Materials and Methods This is a sub-study of a multicenter cohort conducted in Korea that evaluated the impact of healthcare reimbursement on AE evaluation in patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy between September 2013 and December 2016 at four hospitals in Korea.Results A total of 1,170 patients with colorectal, gastric, or non–small cell lung cancer were included in the study. Female patients were younger, had fewer comorbidities, and experienced less postoperative weight loss of > 10%. Females had significantly higher rates of any grade AEs including nausea, abdominal pain, stomatitis, vomiting, and neutropenia, and experienced more grade ≥ 3 neutropenia, nausea, and vomiting. The dose intensity of chemotherapy was significantly lower in females, and they also experienced more frequent dose reduction after the first cycle. Moreover, female patients receiving platinum-containing regimens had significantly higher rates of unscheduled outpatient visits.Conclusion Our study found that females experienced a higher incidence of multiple any-grade AEs and severe neutropenia, nausea, and vomiting, across various cancer types, leading to more frequent dose reductions. Physicians should be aware of sex differences in AEs for chemotherapy decisions.
The Real-World Outcome of First Line Atezolizumab in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Choi Myeong Geun , Kim Yeon Joo , Lee Jae Cheol , Ji Wonjun , Oh In-Jae , Lee Sung Yong , Yoon Seong Hoon , Lee Shin Yup , Lee Jeong Eun , Kim Eun Young , Choi Chang-Min
Published: November 2023

Purpose The addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy has improved survival outcomes in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, their real-world effectiveness remains unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effectiveness of atezolizumab plus chemotherapy in ES-SCLC in actual clinical settings.Materials and Methods In this multicenter prospective cohort study, patients with ES-SCLC receiving or scheduled to receive atezolizumab in combination with etoposide and carboplatin were enrolled between June 2021 and August 2022. The primary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS) and the 1-year overall survival (OS) rate.Results A total of 100 patients with ES-SCLC were enrolled from seven centers. Median age was 69 years, and 6% had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) ≥ 2. The median PFS was 6.0 months, the 1-year OS rate was 62.2%, and the median OS was 13.5 months. An ECOG PS of 2-3 and progressive disease as the best response were poor prognostic factors for PFS, while an ECOG PS of 2-3 and brain metastasis were associated with poor prognosis for OS. In addition, consolidative thoracic radiotherapy was found to be an independent favorable prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio, 0.336; p=0.021). Grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events were observed in 7% of patients, with treatment-related deaths occurring in 2% of patients.Conclusion We provided evidence of the favorable real-world effectiveness and safety of atezolizumab plus chemotherapy in ES-SCLC patients, including in the elderly and those with poor ECOG PS. Additional consolidative thoracic radiotherapy may also benefit ES-SCLC patients.
A generalization of Beilinson's geometric height pairing
Authors: Rössler Damian , Szamuely Tamás
Published: November 2023

In the first section of his seminal paper on height pairings, Beilinson constructed an

\ell

-adic height pairing for rational Chow groups of homologically trivial cycles of complementary codimension on smooth proper varieties over the function field of a curve over an algebraically closed field, and asked about a generalization to higher dimensional bases. In this paper we answer Beilinson's question by constructing a pairing for varieties defined over the function field of a smooth variety

B

over an algebraically closed field, with values in the second

\ell

-adic cohomology group of

B

. Over

\mathbf{C}

our pairing is in fact

\mathbf{Q}

-valued, and in general we speculate about its geometric origin.
Gerstenhaber structure on Hochschild cohomology of the Fomin–Kirillov algebra on 3 generators
Authors: Herscovich Estanislao , Li Ziling
Published: November 2023

The goal of this article is to compute the Gerstenhaber bracket of the Hochschild cohomology of the Fomin–Kirillov algebra on three generators over a field of characteristic different from

2

and

3

. This is in part based on a general method we introduce to easily compute the Gerstenhaber bracket between elements of

\operatorname{HH}^0(A)

and elements of

\operatorname{HH}^n(A)

for

n \in \mathbb{N}_0

, the method by M. Suárez-Álvarez [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 221, No. 8, 1981–1998 (2017; Zbl 1392.16009)] to calculate the Gerstenhaber bracket between elements of

\operatorname{HH}^1(A)

and elements of

\operatorname{HH}^n(A)

for any

n \in \mathbb{N}_0

, as well as an elementary result that allows to compute the remaining brackets from the previous ones. We also show that the Gerstenhaber bracket of

\operatorname{HH}^{\bullet}(A)

is not induced by any Batalin–Vilkovisky generator.
Hodge–Newton filtration for $p$-divisible groups with ramified endomorphism structure
Authors: Marrama Andrea
Published: November 2023

Let

\mathcal{O}_K

be a complete discrete valuation ring of mixed characteristic

(0, p)

with perfect residue field. We prove the existence of the Hodge–Newton filtration for

p

-divisible groups over

\mathcal{O}_K

with additional endomorphism structure for the ring of integers of a finite, possibly ramified field extension of

\mathbb{Q}_p

. The argument is based on the Harder–Narasimhan theory for finite flat group schemes over

\mathcal{O}_K

. In particular, we describe a sufficient condition for the existence of a filtration of

p

-divisible groups over

\mathcal{O}_K

associated to a break point of the Harder–Narasimhan polygon.
Continuous cohomology and homology of profinite groups
Authors: Boggi Marco , Cook Ged Corob
Published: November 2023

We develop cohomological and homological theories for a profinite group

G

with coefficients in the Pontryagin dual categories of pro-discrete and ind-profinite

G

-modules, respectively. The standard results of group (co)homology hold for this theory: we prove versions of the Universal Coefficient Theorem, the Lyndon–Hochschild–Serre spectral sequence and Shapiro's Lemma.
$p$-Selmer group and modular symbols
Authors: Sakamoto Ryotaro
Published: November 2023

We prove that the dimension of the

p

-Selmer group of an elliptic curve is controlled by certain analytic quantities associated with modular symbols as conjectured by Kurihara.
The vanishing of Iwasawa's $\mu$-invariant implies the weak Leopoldt conjecture
Authors: Kleine Sören
Published: November 2023

Let

K

denote a number field containing a primitive

p

-th root of unity; if

p=2

, then we assume

K

to be totally imaginary. If

K_\infty/K

is a

\mathbb{Z}_p

-extension such that no prime above

p

splits completely in

K_\infty/K

, then the vanishing of Iwasawa's invariant

\mu(K_\infty/K)

implies that the weak Leopoldt Conjecture holds for

K_\infty/K

. This is actually known due to a result of Ueda, which appears to have been forgotten. We present an elementary proof which is based on a reflection formula from class field theory.

In the second part of the article, we prove a generalisation in the context of non-commutative Iwasawa theory: we consider admissible

p

-adic Lie extensions of number fields, and we derive a variant for fine Selmer groups of Galois representations over admissible

p

-adic Lie extensions.
Special triple covers of algebraic surfaces
Authors: Istrati Nicolina , Pokora Piotr , Rollenske Sönke
Published: November 2023

We study special triple covers

f:T\to S

of algebraic surfaces, where the Tschirnhausen bundle

\mathcal{E}=\left(f_*\mathcal{O}_T/\mathcal{O}_S\right)^\vee

is a quotient of a split rank three vector bundle, and we provide several necessary and sufficient criteria for the existence. As an application, we give a complete classification of special triple planes, finding among others two nice families of K3 surfaces.
Crystalline lifts and a variant of the Steinberg–Winter theorem
Authors: Lin Zhongyipan
Published: November 2023

Let

K/\mathbb{Q}_p

be a finite extension. For all irreducible representations

\bar\rho:G_K\to G(\bar{\mathbb{F}}_p)

valued in a general reductive group

G

, we construct crystalline lifts of

\bar{\rho}

which are Hodge–Tate regular. We also discuss rationality questions. We prove a variant of the Steinberg-Winter theorem along the way.
Birational geometry of the Mukai system of rank two and genus two
Authors: Hellmann Isabell
Published: November 2023

Using the techniques of Bayer–Macrì, we determine the walls in the movable cone of the Mukai system of rank two for a general K3 surface

S

of genus two. We study the (essentially unique) birational map to

S^{[5]}

and decompose it into a sequence of flops. We give an interpretation of the exceptional loci in terms of Brill–Noether loci.
Period relations for automorphic forms on unitary groups and critical values of $L$-functions
Authors: Guerberoff Lucio
Published: November 2023

In this paper we explore some properties of periods attached to automorphic representations of unitary groups over CM fields and the critical values of their

L

-functions. We prove a formula expressing the critical values in the range of absolute convergence in terms of Petersson norms of holomorphic automorphic forms. On the other hand, we express the Deligne period of a related motive as a product of quadratic periods and compare the two expressions by means of Deligne's conjecture.
A fine property of Whitehead's algorithm
Authors: Ascari Dario
Published: November 2023

We develop a refinement of Whitehead's algorithm for primitive words in a free group. We generalize to subgroups, establishing a strengthened version of Whitehead's algorithm for free factors. These refinements allow us to prove new results about primitive elements and free factors in a free group, including a relative version of Whitehead's algorithm and a criterion that tests whether a subgroup is a free factor just by looking at its primitive elements. We develop an algorithm to determine whether or not two vertices in the free factor complex have distance

d

for

d=1,2,3

, as well as

d=4

in a special case.
Age-specific findings on lifestyle and trajectories of cognitive function from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging
Authors: lim Seungju , Yoo Eunyoung , Hong Ickpyo , Park Ji-Hyuk
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVES: Few longitudinal studies have explored age-related differences in the relationship between lifestyle factors and cognitive decline. This study investigated lifestyle factors at baseline that slow the longitudinal rate of cognitive decline in young-old (55-64 years), middle-old (65-74 years), and old-old (75+ years) individuals.METHODS: We conducted an 11-year follow-up that included 6,189 older adults from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, which is a cohort study of community-dwelling older Koreans. Lifestyle factors, including physical activity, social activity (SA), smoking, and alcohol consumption were assessed at baseline. Cognitive function was measured at 2-year intervals over 11 years. Latent growth modeling and multi-group analysis were performed.RESULTS: The influence of lifestyle factors on the rate of cognitive decline differed by age. Smoking at baseline (-0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.11 to -0.00, per study wave) accelerated cognitive decline in young-old individuals, whereas frequent participation in SA at baseline (0.02; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.03, per study wave) decelerated cognitive decline in middle-old individuals. None of the lifestyle factors in this study decelerated cognitive decline in old-old individuals.CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive strategies based on modifiable lifestyle factors such as smoking cessation in young-old individuals and frequent SA participation in middle-old age individuals may have great potential for preventing cognitive decline. Because the influence of lifestyle factors varied by age group, age-specific approaches are recommended to promote cognitive health.
Prawosławna ludność Konina i okolic przed 1914 rokiem
Authors: Wiernicka Violetta
Published: November 2023

Artykuł określa główne etapy rozwoju społeczności prawosławnej Konina i jego okolic. Przedstawia charakterystykę podstawowych grup społecznych i zawodowych kształtujących mozaikę tej społeczności. Podkreśla rolę Cerkwi prawosławnej w życiu rosyjskojęzycznych mieszkańców i pozwala spojrzeć na rozwój prawosławia także w innych powiatach i guberniach Królestwa Polskiego. Orthodox Community of Konin and Its Vivinities Before 1914: The article defines the main stages of development of the Orthodox community of Konin and its vicinities. It presents the characteristics of the basic social and professional groups shaping the mosaic of this community. It emphasizes the role of the Orthodox Church in the life of Russian-speaking inhabitants and allows us to have a brief look at the development of Orthodox communities in other counties and governorates of the Kingdom of Poland.
Time budget of common cranes (Grus grus) varies between habitats: implications for management
Authors: Berndtson Sanna , Liao Wenfei , Nummi Petri
Published: November 2023

Common cranes (Grus grus) of the growing population in Finland form flocks on cultivated fields to forage in the autumn after the breeding season, in preparation for a successful migration. However, human-crane conflicts can arise when cranes cause crop damage, and for management purposes, it is important to prevent such conflicts. To minimize crop losses, one strategy is the creation of artificial feeding fields in high-use areas. Our study area, Söderfjärden, Ostrobothnia, on the west coast of Finland, is the most important staging area for cranes in the country. We compared the time allocation in the most attractive habitats in this area, investigated the changes in flock size during the day, and considered the management implications. Cranes used the two top-rated habitats (barley fields and grasslands) for clearly different purposes: barley fields for feeding and grasslands for resting. Flock size increased from the early morning until the evening when cranes dispersed from the area to roost. This could be a result of a trade-off between food intake and risk-sensitive behaviour and predator avoidance, although at present the predation risk in the area is low. This study highlights the importance to make artificial feeding habitats to fulfil various needs of cranes while minimizing crop loss and potential conflicts with humans.
Keywords: common crane, Gruidae, conservation, foraging, habitat selection, vigilance
The Role of Trade Unions in Regulating Social and Labour Relations and Shaping National Policy in Latvia
Authors: Çifligu Eneida
Published: November 2023

The relevance of this study is dictated by the need to determine the role of trade unions in social and labour relations and their degree of influence on the national policy of the Republic of Latvia. The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of influence of trade unions on social and labour relations within the framework of the current labour legislation of Latvia and to find potential ways to improve the efficiency of national policy, considering the requirements and desires of the working population of the country. The methodological framework of this study was based on the following methods of cognition: generalisation, analysis and synthesis, analogy, and SWOT analysis. The findings of this study are presented in determining the level of influence of trade unions on the lives of working people in the Republic of Latvia. The paper described the existing trend in Latvian society regarding the popularity of joining trade unions, as well as the conditions for the influence of trade unions on the development and reform of the national policy of the Republic of Latvia, considering the needs, desires, and interests of the working population (society) who are members of trade unions. The results of the study determined the potential significance of trade unions in regulating social and labour relations in Latvia along with the country’s legislation and reflect the role of trade unions in establishing communications between society and the state (using evidence from the 2022 protests). The practical significance of this study is conditioned upon the possibility of using the results obtained in the future for a more in-depth study of the role of trade unions as a tool for communication between society and the state, a mechanism for regulating social and labour relations and supporting workers in Latvia, through the influence on the formation of national policy
Features of the foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Trushaj Aleks
Published: November 2023

The relevance of this study is related to the need to identify and assess the unique characteristics of the foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to provide a thorough analysis of the foreign policy activities of the Republic of Kazakhstan over the entire period of the country’s independence. The main approach to the study of this problem is the historical and systematic method of research, system analysis, comparison method, logical analysis, methods of synthesis and deduction, induction method, and classification method. The paper presents the findings of the conducted study: it describes the geographical prerequisites for the international relations formed by Kazakhstan with a view to creating the logistics links necessary for the national economy. The study proved the importance of the Central Asian region for global energy security and described the country’s role in the “New Great Game”, conducted a detailed analysis of the latest Concept of Foreign Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan presented by K.-J. Tokayev. The study demonstrated Kazakhstan’s deep economic ties with China and Russia and identified the factors of Kazakhstan’s dependence on the two regional hegemons. The key events in the country’s foreign policy activities over the entire period of its independence were presented in a tabular form. The significance of this study is that it sheds light on the current state of Kazakhstan’s foreign policy as a leading state in the Central Asian region, which in the future allows predicting trends in the development of new alliances by Kazakhstan and its closest neighbours