bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cholelithiasis: causative factors, clinical manifestations and management
Authors: Pimpale Renu , Katakwar Pradeep , Akhtar Murtaza
Published: May 2019

Background: Cholelithiasis is a common gastrointestinal disorder with an overall prevalence of 2-29%. This study aims to evaluate the evolution of demographic and etiological factors, the clinical manifestations of Cholelithiasis, the surgical management with its post-operative complications and the histopathological findings of the post-cholecystectomy specimen of gallbladder, in central India.Methods: Patients symptomatic or asymptomatic diagnosed ultrasonically as cholelithiasis were included in the study and patients with primary choledocholithiasis were excluded.Results: A total of 92 patients were enrolled, of which 62 (68.89%) were female, with mean age of 45.03yrs ± 13.59. Fifty four patients (58.69%) were having BMI >25. Pain was most common complaint seen in all patients. Jaundice was observed in 13 patients (14.13%) who had associated CBD calculus. Sickling was positive in 8.69% of patients. Lap cholecystectomy was done in 71 (77.17%) patients with a conversion rate of 6.57%. Nineteen (20.65%) were open cholecystectomy with or without CBD exploration and 2 underwent Lap cholecystostomy. Post operatively, surgical site infection was seen in 3 patients (4.22%) of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 5 patients (26.31%) of open cholecystectomy and biliary leak was seen in 3 patients (15.78%) of open cholecystectomy. Histopathology of gallbladder was chronic cholecystitis in 70 patients (77.77%), malignancy was detected in 5 patients (5.55%) and Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis in 2 patients (2.22%).Conclusions: Cholelithiasis is commonly seen in females in 4th and 5th decade mainly presenting with abdominal pain and dyspepsia. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy offers best surgical management with lesser complications.
The role of pre operative serum LDH and D-dimers in predicting intestinal necrosis
Authors: D. Manjunath B. , K. Avinash , G. S. Abdul Razack , R. Harindranath H. , V. H. Ashwath , Ali Mohammed Arafath , T. Kavya
Published: May 2019

Background: To study the role of serum LDH and D-Dimers in predicting intestinal necrosis, to correlate with bowel viability preoperatively and to determine the aetiology for intestinal necrosis due to Mesenteric Ischaemia or any other causes.Methods: A prospective study conducted in 100 patients admitted in the Dept of General Surgery, Victoria Hospital, Bangalore Medical College for a period of one year.Results: In our study out of 100 patients 44 patients had elevated serum LDH which is 44% and among those 44 patients, 39 patients found to have bowel gangrene which is about 88%. Out of 100 patients 9 patients had elevated D-dimer levels which are 9% and among those 9 patients, 6 were suspected of mesenteric ischaemia and all patients had bowel gangrene which 100%.Conclusions: The pre operative estimation of serum LDH levels in patients presenting with features of acute abdomen helps in identifying the patients with risk of intestinal ischemia and gangrene at the earliest, facilitating early intervention and helping in reduction of morbidity and mortality due to bowel gangrene. Detection of serum D-dimer could not help to differentiate patient with mesenteric ischaemia from those with other causes of bowel necrosis but certainly all cases of mesenteric ischaemia had elevated D-dimer levels. The application of serum LDH and D-dimers in acute abdomen or suspected cases of bowel necrosis will give an important clue regarding the pathology and severity of the disease.
Study of non-mesh technique of Desarda for inguinal hernia
Authors: Bansod Atish Naresh , Jantli Manjunatha , Umalkar Rohan , Ansari Amir , Tayade Priyanka Charuhas , Awachar Neha
Published: May 2019

Background: The tissue based techniques are still acceptable for primary inguinal hernia repair according to the European Hernia Society guidelines. Desarda’s no mesh technique, introduced in 2001, is a hernia repair method using an undetached strip of external oblique aponeurosis. This study compares the results with the studies done worldwide on Desarda’s technique.Methods: A total 120 cases were studied for 2 years (2015-2017), the primary outcomes measured were postoperative pain scores on day 1,7,30 using visual analogue scale, time taken to return to basic activities, time measured from skin incision to skin closer. Complications like cord oedema, seroma, fever, surgical site infection, chronic groin pain and recurrence were evaluated.Results: After a 15-month mean follow up period, 01 (0.83%) case had a recurrence among 120 patients. Mean operative time is 60 min; mean pain score on day-1, 7, 30 are 3.35, 0.9 and 0.008 respectively. Mean time taken to return back to work is 24 hours; complications like chronic groin pain, foreign bodysensation are not seen in single cases. These results are comparable with the studies done worldwide.Conclusions: In Desarda’s technique of inguinal hernia repair does not use mesh, so no complication related with the foreign body are seen and postoperative pain is less, early return to basic activities and Postoperative complications are less.
Spontaneous combustile pneumoperitoneum
Authors: Thakkar Yash , Fernandes Arun , Mohite Saurabh , Phalgune Deepak
Published: May 2019

Fire and explosions in the operation theatre during surgery in the era of cautery usage have been reported since many years. Significant complications or death can ensue as a result of such fires or explosions and surgeons should be aware of these hazards. A 38 year old female patient on the 6th day of admission, developed abdominal distension. Patient was managed conservatively with flatus tube insertion and serial x-ray monitoring. On the 8th day, repeat      x-ray showed gas under diaphragm. Emergency laparotomy was undertaken. On opening the peritoneum using cautery, a hissing escape of gas was heard and this caught fire. On attempting to stem gas flow from the peritoneal hole, the operating surgeon sustained burn to his index finger and the glove melted. The peritoneal cavity was surprisingly free of any spilled contents. Small bowel was opened through a small enterotomy and decompressed. The colon steadfastly refused to collapse. This necessitated a transverse colotomy which, after decompression, was converted into a loop transverse colostomy. She underwent colonoscopy after three weeks wherein the colon was found to be free of any obstruction. The colostomy was closed. If there is free gas on entering a peritoneum, it will be wiser to avoid electro surgery. Instead, scissors or a scalpel should be used.
Coronary cameral fistula to right atrium in a 10 year old male: a case report
Authors: Banday M. Javed , Kumar Sudesh , Bansal Dhananjay , Bhusan Rahul , Jhajhria Narender Singh , Grover Vijay , Gupta Vijay Kumar
Published: May 2019

A coronary cameral fistula is a rare cardiac anomaly and involves an abnormal communication between one of the coronary arteries and a cardiac chamber. In most of cases, it is a congenital lesion and is asymptomatic in early life. Once symptoms appear, patient warrants early evaluation and treatment. Presently, CT Angiography is the best investigation for diagnosing the disease and the best treatment modality is surgical closure. We present a case of a 10 year old male with large coronary cameral fistula from right coronary artery to right atrium, who was symptomatic and was operated for the same.
Scrotal calculi with delayed urethroscrotal fistula: a rare case presentation with literature review
Authors: Aggarwal Ramesh K.
Published: May 2019

Scrotal calculi are not so common entity in the clinical presentation. Scrotourethral fistula is an abnormal communication between scrotal skin and the urethra, usually result of the inflammation and due to perforation by urethral calculi and sometimes iatrogenic due to surgery done for urethral stone removal or uretheroplasty. We present here a very rare case of young adult gentleman who initially presented with a scrotal swelling, turned out into scrotal calculi while doing surgical excision, later on presented as uretheroscrotal fistula that managed conservatively. After going through the available literature and through the pub med articles (approx 148 articles while searching with titles of ‘scrotal calculi’, ‘scrotourethral fistula’, ‘uretherocutaneous fistula’) we found only 1-2 cases of scrotourethral fistula. A high index of clinical suspicion and examination is needed to diagnose such asymptomatic rare presentation cases.
Unicentric Castlemans disease presenting as a neck swelling: a case report
Authors: Ravishankar K. S. , Subramanian Atreya M.
Published: May 2019

Castleman’s disease is an uncommon entity which is characterized by lymphadenopathy either at a single focus or at multiple sites.Due to the similar clinical picture of other disorders including tuberculous lymphadenitis, lymphoma and other cases of generalized lymphadenopathy like AIDS a diagnosis of castlemans disease. The unicentric form may resemble any generalized swelling such as a lipoma. In this case we discussed an 18 yr old girl presenting with a large neck swelling in the posterior triangle which clinically resembled a lipoma. The CT showed a uniformly enhancing homogenous lesion. After an excision biopsy, the histopathology revealed it to be castleman’s disease of the hyaline vascular type. The literature reveals that although rare castlemans disease can be unicentric or multicentric and can involve multiple sites including the axilla, mediastinum and retroperitoneum. Most cases of the unicentric disease are completely cured with an excision biopsy. The multicentric disease may need chemotherapy, radiation or immunomodulating drugs. In conclusion, one must keep a differential of castlemans disease in mind when presented with any case of lymphadenopathy.
Lactose intolerance, lactose malabsorption and genetic predisposition to adult-type hypolactasia in patients after restorative proctocolectomy
Authors: Walkowiak Jarosław , Fidler-Witoń Ewa , Glapa Aleksandra , Paszkowski Jacek , Borejsza-Wysocki Maciej , Miśkiewicz-Chotnicka Anna , Banasiewicz Tomasz , Lisowska Aleksandra
Published: May 2019

This study provides up-to-date findings on lactose malabsorption, lactose intolerance and genetic predisposition to adult-type hypolactasia in 72 patients after restorative proctocolectomy (RPC). The lactose malabsorption was assessed by hydrogen-methane breath test. Genetic predisposition to adult-type hypolactasia was assessed by detecting –13910T/C polymorphism in the lactase gene. Lactose intolerance was more frequent in UC (ulcerative colitis) patients than FAP (familial adenomatous polyposis) patients (77.5% vs. 55.2%; p=0.01). The C/C genotype of the lactase gene was observed in 39.1% subjects with no significant difference between UC and FAP patients. Lactose malabsorption occurred in 10.1% of subjects and almost only in patients with genetic predisposition, with the same frequency in UC and FAP patients.
Alternative treatment approaches of urinary tract infections caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains
Authors: Zalewska-Piątek Beata Maria , Piątek Rafał Janusz
Published: May 2019

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most widespread and annoying infections affecting millions of people every year annually. The biggest problems of urinary diseases are recurrences, increasing resistance of uropathogens to commonly used antibiotics, as well as the high health care costs of afflicted persons. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains (UPECs) are the most dominant etiologic agents of community-acquired infections of this type. During UTI pathogenesis, UPECs utilize various virulence factors, especially mono- and polyadhesive appendages of the chaperone-usher secretion pathway (CUP) required for adhesion, invasion and biofilm formation. Commonly used antibiotics for UTI treatment are usually effective, but their long-term utility may affect gut microbiota of the treated individuals and cause selection of drug resistant uropathogenic variants. Due to increasing resistance of UPEC strains to antibiotics via the evolution of specific defense mechanisms, there is a need to develop alternative methods and therapeutic strategies to fight UTIs (vaccines, receptor analogues, pilicides and curlicides, bacterial interference or phagotherapy). Such therapeutic approaches usually target processes enabling uropathogens to survive within the urinary tract and cause recurrent infections.
Effect of UBE2Q on BECN and CEA Protein in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Boroumand Niloofar
Published: May 2019

Background: Expression of UBE2Q1, UBE2Q2, and members of the ubiquitinconjugating enzyme family (E2) are affected in colorectal cancer (CRC). The BECN gene plays a key role in CRC cells. In gastrointestinal carcinoma therapy, tumorassociated antigens such as CEA are typically used.To investigate the association between UBE2Q1 and Beclin1 autophagy marker and CEA protein expression in LS180 CRC cell line. Materials and Methods: In this study, changes in the expression of BECN marker in LS180 cell lines with the vector containing UBE2Q1 were investigated using real-time PCR. The expression of CEA protein was also evaluated by western blotting. Statistical analyses were performed with Graph Pad Prism software. Results: The results indicated reduced expression of BECN autophagy marker (P=0). Therefore, in the presence of UBE2Q1, cancer cells have less ability to induce autophagy. However, CEA protein levels in LS180 transfected cells with a UBE2Q1- ORF-containing plasmid decreased when compared to non-transfected cells. Conclusion: The use of pharmacologic inhibitors related to the autophagy mechanism can be a novel approach in cancer therapy.
Effects of Exercises on IL-6 and GLUT4 Expression in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Dehghan Ali , Farzanegi Parvin , Abbaszadeh Hajar
Published: May 2019

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic disorders worldwide. Empirical evidence has shown exercise to be of value in ameliorating symptoms of diabetes, but the underlying molecular mechanisms involved have not been well-studied. Aim: To evaluate the effects of continuous and interval exercises on blood glucose and insulin levels and on IL-6 and GLUT4 expression in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Old Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were randomly divided into three groups; namely, the patient (non-exercise control) group, the interval exercise group, and the continuous exercise group. The blood insulin level was measured using a specific ELISA kit, whereas the blood glucose level was determined with an AutoAnalyzer apparatus. Expression of the IL-6 and GLUT4 genes in skeletal muscle was determined using real-time PCR. All data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The expression of IL-6 and GLUT4 was significantly decreased in skeletal muscle of the diabetic rats (p < 0.001). Continuous (9.97-fold; p = 0.000) and interval (7.11-fold; p = 0.000) exercises significantly increased the expression of IL-6 relative to that in the animals of the patient group. Furthermore, continuous (9.36-fold; p = 0.000) and interval (7.65-fold; p = 0.001) exercises also significantly increased the expression of GLUT4 relative to that of the patient group. Both types of exercise training were associated with a significant decrease in the blood glucose and insulin levels compared with the levels in the patient group (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Diabetes is significantly associated with IL-6 and GLUT4 downregulation, but this can be reversed through continuous and interval exercises, which also help to lower the blood glucose and insulin levels significantly.
DEVELOPING READING COMPREHENSION ASSESSMENT BASED ADOBE FLASH CC2015 FOR BIPA INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
Authors: Sujinah S , Setyorini Dewi , Yunianti Sofi , . Ngatmain , Savira Isnah E.
Published: May 2019

Purpose of Study: Learning Indonesian for foreign speakers of Indonesian Language classes (BIPA) needs to be assessed using an interesting evaluation device that serves to make it easier for students to do tests, especially tests to measure reading comprehension. The required media was developed based on the 2015 Adobe Flash Creative Cloud software for intermediate level BIPA. The purpose of this study is to develop assessment media to read properly and effective understanding.

Methodology: Research and Development research uses the Borg and Gall model which is simplified into six stages, namely (1) needs analysis; (2) product design; (3) manufacture of products; (4) validation; (5) revisions; and (6) product testing. Data collection techniques used were questionnaires and tests.

Results: The results showed that the media for reading comprehension based on Adobe Flash Creative Cloud 2015 software was proper 76 and practical.

Implications/Applications: Learning Indonesian for BIPA students is certainly different from domestic student learning. The specificity of treatment is not only in the teaching material but also in the assessment. This is done with the aim that learning is more successful because it is provided by media that is very helpful for BIPA students in mastering reading skills. Quiz as a media assessment was developed using local wisdom materials in Indonesia.
Despatologização da homossexualidade e transexualidade: revisão integrativa
Authors: Back Jhonatan Costa , Da Silva Laura Mendes , Prado Layenne , Cyrino Luiz Arthur Rangel
Published: May 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar discursos referentes à despatologização da homossexualidade e da transexualidade presentes na produção acadêmica e nos posicionamentos técnico-científicos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados online: SciELO, Scopus, PePSIC e Google Acadêmico, perfazendo 30 artigos levantados entre agosto de 2017 até fevereiro de 2018, considerando o período de 2000 a 2017, independente do idioma, com os descritores: patologia, transexualidade e homossexualidade. Apesar da homossexualidade não ser considerada um transtorno mental pela Associação Americana de Psiquiatria e pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, fora da comunidade científica ela é tratada como tal, gerando a homofobia. Já a transexualidade ainda é caracterizada como um transtorno mental pelas mesmas instituições. Assim, enfatiza-se como a cultura pode transpassar os sujeitos e incutir concepções de normalidade, as quais infringem as fronteiras da livre-expressão e da subjetividade.
DESAFIOS NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE EM DIVERSIDADE SEXUAL
Authors: Santos Cristiano Figueiredo , Santos Rosimeire Martins Regis
Published: May 2019

Considerando a inclusão cada vez maior das diversidades nos debates do campo da educação, o objetivo deste artigo é evidenciar os desafios encontrados na efetivação da formação docente em diversidade sexual. A opção metodológica foi por um estudo bibliográfico de abordagem qualitativa. Assim, apresentamos o texto dividido em três partes que discutem a diversidade sexual enquanto componente de um currículo da diferença, as relações entre sexualidade, educação e aspectos políticos e, por fim, a formação docente em diversidade sexual com especial enfoque para as ciências biológicas. Nossas análises indicam que pouca atenção tem sido dispensada a perspectivas não-heteronormativas no campo formativo. Em grande parte, a formação docente em diversidade sexual tem sido comprometida e/ou impedida em função de investimento ativo de um grupo conservador majoritariamente com ideais religiosos fundamentalistas que se opõem a direitos humanos e agendas inclusivas na educação. Ao se pensar sobre currículos, artefatos culturais e discursos investidos na formação docente, é imprescindível pensar também na inclusão de abordagens que não excluam perspectivas das minorias sexuais.
Palavras-chave: Sexualidade. Formação de professores. Currículo.
GESTÃO DE CRECHES: (RE) LEITURAS DE UM PROCESSO DE FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA
Authors: Martins Angela Maria , Batista Dulcilene Aparecida
Published: May 2019

Este artigo tem como propósito analisar percepções de gestoras de creches sobre a formação continuada, ofertada pela Secretaria de Educação de Santo André, com vistas a identificar elementos que contribuem para aprimorar seu papel como “formadoras de professores”, em torno do seguinte questionamento central: quais características são importantes para que uma gestora de educação infantil conduza bem o processo formativo de sua equipe? Como metodologia para coleta de dados optou-se pela realização de um Grupo Operativo, fundamentado em Pichon-Rivière (1988; 1991), já que o autor se baseia na perspectiva de operar a partir das ideias dos participantes, evidenciando contradições e impasses. O estudo conclui que algumas gestoras não se reconheceram como formadoras. Infere-se que isso pode ocorrer em função do sentido construído no campo das políticas educacionais que atribui ao termo formação, um significado que pode induzir à percepção de distanciamento entre programas de governo e a realidade das redes de ensino, que desconsidera, muitas vezes, a possibilidade de reorganização do planejamento dos fazeres a partir das demandas e problemas que emergem no cotidiano das creches.
Palavras-chaves: Gestão da educação municipal. Formação continuada de gestores e professores. Educação infantil.
PROGRAMA CIÊNCIAS SEM FRONTEIRAS: ESTUDO DE CASO COM ESTUDANTES INTERCAMBIÁRIOS DA FATEC/TQ
Authors: Bovério Maria Aparecida , Adam Joyce Mary
Published: May 2019

Este artigo apresenta, analisa e discute os dados do estudo de caso, realizado com estudantes intercambiários do Programa Ciências sem Fronteiras (CSF), da Faculdade de Tecnologia (FATEC), Câmpus de Taquaritinga/SP. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, e como instrumento de coleta de dados aplicou-se um questionário online, desenvolvido no Google docs. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que a maioria dos estudantes intercambiários teve as expectativas atendidas, pois obtiveram significativa ascensão pessoal, profissional, estudantil e cultural e, por isso, não concordam com o fechamento do CSF.
Palavras-chave: Programa Ciências sem Fronteiras. Políticas Públicas. Intercâmbio.
PERSPECTIVAS MUNDIAIS DA AVALIAÇÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR
Authors: Pagliarin Lidiane Limana Puiati
Published: May 2019

Resenha do livro "Avaliação do ensino superior: perspectivas mundiais" de autoria de Gionara Tauchen e Altair Alberto Fávero.
O PROCESSO DE REFLEXÃO SOBRE A PRÓPRIA PRÁTICA, DE FUTUROS PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA
Authors: Benites Larissa Cerignoni , Almeida Sérgio Roberto , Custódio Nicole Gonçalves , De Souza Sabrina , Maciel Larissa Fernanda Porto , Poulsen Fernanda Feijó
Published: May 2019

Trata-se de um relato de experiência que teve como objetivo apresentar o processo reflexivo de cinco estagiários de um curso de Licenciatura em Educação Física, ao longo de suas intervenções no âmbito do estágio curricular supervisionado no Ensino Médio. Para tal, utilizaram-se, como fonte de registro, quatro etapas: (1) descrever aquilo que se faz; (2) informar o significado das ações; (3) confrontar, interrogando-se a si mesmo; e (4) reconstruir, pensar em como fazer diferente. Analisou-se por meio da codificação e categorização simples. Como resultado, foram verificados, ao longo dos registros, aspectos da aprendizagem pela análise da própria prática, dando destaque ao esforço de concretizar as ações esperadas de um docente e à contraposição com as apreensões de futuros professores. Dessa forma, foi possível perceber que houve relação entre as etapas do processo reflexivo, que se mostraram como possibilidade para sistematizar aquilo que a prática pedagógica traz no dia a dia do exercício da docência.
Palavras-chave: Estágio Curricular Supervisionado. Educação Física. Reflexão. Formação de Professores.
Predicting education science students’ statistics anxiety: The role of prior experiences within a framework of domain-specific motivation constructs
Authors: Faber Guenter , Drexler Heike
Published: May 2019

Based on a cognitive-motivational modeling of construct relations, the present study aimed at analyzing the role of prior statistics experiences to ex­­plain education science students’ statistics anxiety. Data were analyzed from two independent samples which consisted of N = 113 and N = 87 participants – using a different operationalization of the experience variable in each case. In both samples, analyses demonstrated students’ statistics anxiety to be substantially ex­plained by their self-concept and negative utility value – but not by their prior sta­tistics ex­periences. However, conceptually assumed interaction effects between motivation and ex­perience variables did not occur. Instead, students’ statistics anxiety appeared to be de­pendent on self-concept and value scores across all experience levels. Moreover, different operationa­lizations of the experience variable produced somewhat varying effect patterns. Find­ings are discussed in terms of conceptual, methodological, and instructional implications.
Entonación de enunciados interrogativos en el español de Morelia, Michoacán
Authors: Mendoza Vázquez Érika
Published: May 2019

En este artículo se presenta una descripción de las configuraciones tonales de los enunciados interrogativos de la variedad de Morelia, Michoacán. La descripción contempla enunciados absolutos y pronominales con los subtipos: i) búsqueda de información (neutro), ii) confirmativo e iii) imperativo. Los datos de la prueba de completamiento discursivo muestran la realización del acento nuclear L+H* en interrogativas absolutas neutras y de confirmación. Además se observa el alineamiento del tono de juntura final H% para los tres tipos de enunciados interrogativos. Estos rasgos se distinguen del acento nuclear L* y el tono de juntura complejo LH%, documentados en interrogativas neutras e invitaciones en las variedades de Guadalajara (Orozco, 2017) y Ciudad de México (De la Mota et al., 2010).
Cecilia Rojas Nieto y Elsa Viviana Oropeza Gracia (eds.), Diferencias individuales en la adquisición del lenguaje. Factores lingüísticos, cognitivos, socioambientales
Authors: Espinosa Ochoa Mary R. , Orozco Arreola A. Mariana
Published: May 2019

Cecilia Rojas Nieto y Elsa Viviana Oropeza Gracia (eds.), Diferencias individuales en la adquisición del lenguaje. Factores lingüísticos, cognitivos, socioambientales, México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2018, 423 pp. ISBN: 978-607-30-0018-5.
Introducción
Authors: García Álvarez Jacobo
Published: May 2019

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Fronteras políticas y paisajes culturales en los límites del Estado nación = Political borders and cultural landscapes in the boundaries of the nation-state
Authors: Medina Eusebio
Published: May 2019

Resumen: En este trabajo indagamos sobre las diversas maneras de percibir, construir y legitimar las fronteras geográficas y políticas, tomando como escenario o referente contextual a la frontera luso-española. Siguiendo la lógica de la producción de espacio de Henri Lefèbvre confrontamos dos visiones diferentes y, sin embargo, complementarias de la frontera: la del Estado nación, cada vez más interesado y empeñado en una delimitación lineal y topográfica de sus fronteras, entendidas éstas como límites territoriales precisos, y la de las comunidades fronterizas, vinculada estrechamente con las prácticas espaciales y las representaciones tradicionales del territorio sobre las que se levantan los paisajes morales y culturales de la frontera, conectados con la experiencia vital de los sujetos, sus estrategias de supervivencia e identidades individuales y colectivas. Trazamos además, a grandes rasgos, la evolución histórica de ambas formas de hacer y de estar en la frontera, tratando de poner de relieve sus imbricaciones e interinfluencias.Palabras clave: Fronteras políticas, comunidades fronterizas, paisajes culturales, identidades colectivas, España, Portugal.Abstract: This work investigates varying ways of perceiving, constructing and legitimizing geographical and political borders, using the example and contextual reference of the Portuguese-Spanish border. Following the logic of Henri Lefèbvre’s production of social space, it confronts two different and yet complementary visions of the border: on the one hand, of the nation state, which is increasingly interested and committed to a linear and topographical delimitation of its borders, on the understanding that they form precise territorial limits; and on the other hand, of the border communities, which hold close ties not only to the spatial practices and traditional representations of the territory from which the moral and cultural landscapes of the border arise, but also to the life experience of the populations, their survival strategies and the individual and collective identities. We also outline, in broad strokes, the historical evolution of ways of doing and being on the border, trying to highlight their overlaps and interactions.Key words: Political borders, border communities, cultural landscapes, collective identities, Spain, Portugal.
Resonancias de los Tratados de Madrid (1750) y San Ildefonso (1777) en las lecturas sobre la formación de territorio de los Estados de Argentina y Brasil = Echoes of the Treaties of Madrid (1750) and San Ildefonso (1777) in the readings of the formation of the territory of Argentina and Brazil
Authors: Zusman Perla , Nunes Sergio
Published: May 2019

Resumen: Las firmas de los Tratados de Madrid (1750) y San Ildefonso (1777) entre las Coronas española y portuguesa fueron reflejo del interés por establecer una forma de ejercicio del poder que evitara la instalación de otras potencias en las áreas coloniales bajo dominio de ambas metrópolis. Estos tratados y la cartografía producida por las partidas demarcadoras fueron recuperadas por los Estados de Argentina y Brasil en el momento de su constitución para definir sus límites internacionales y para dirimir conflictos que surgieron en los procesos de demarcación hacia finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX. En este artículo nos interesa identificar las repercusiones de dichos tratados en la literatura producida en las Ciencias Sociales en Argentina y Brasil en torno a la geografía histórica del Río de la Plata. En particular, deseamos comprender qué visiones de la frontera y el territorio ofrecen los textos relevados. Dentro de este marco, entendemos que la identificación de estas perspectivas puede contribuir, por un lado, a entender las implicancias socio-territoriales de la firma de los tratados en los procesos de formación de los Estados Nacionales y, por el otro, a reconocer las potencialidades y limitaciones de dichos estudios para analizar las dinámicas que tuvieron lugar en el Río de la Plata hacia mediados del siglo XVIII.Palabras claves: Tratados de Madrid y San Ildefonso, Estado-Nación, Argentina, Brasil, Frontera, Territorio.Abstract: The signing of the Treaties of Madrid (1750) and San Ildefonso (1777) between the Spanish and Portuguese Crowns reflects an interest in establishing power without installing potentates in colonial areas under the control of the two Empires. The treaties and the cartography produced by the demarcating parties were adopted by the States of Argentina and Brazil to define their international boundaries and to resolve any conflict arising during the demarcation processes in the late 19th/early 20th century. This article seeks to identify the echoes of these treaties in the literature produced in the social sciences in Argentina and Brazil around the historical geography of the River Plate, with the aim of understanding the conceptions of boundary and territory that underlie these perspectives. Within this framework, we consider that the identification of these visions can help understand, on the one hand, the socio-territorial implications of the signing of the treaties in the formation processes of the National States, and on the other hand, the potentialities and limitations of these studies in analysing the dynamics that took place in the River Plate towards the middle of the 18th century.Key words: Treaties of Madrid and San Ildefonso, nation-state, Argentina, Brazil, frontier, territory.
In memoriam Josep Fontana
Authors: Branciforte Laura
Published: May 2019

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La arteria cultural del cuerpo estatal: el campo de las Bellas Artes en la construcción del Estado liberal español (1833-1874)
Authors: Gilarranz Ibáñez Ainhoa
Published: May 2019

Resumen: A partir de la década de los 90, un conjunto de historiadores reabrió el debate sobre la construcción del estado-nación con miradas que fluctuaban entre una estructura fuerte o débil de los estados europeos. El giro cultural en la historia contemporánea introdujo nuevos puntos de vista que podrían resumirse en un estudio “desde abajo” de la construcción estatal, en el que los imaginarios, las identidades y el individuo eran el principal corpus analítico. Continuando con esta línea, las siguientes páginas profundizan en las posibilidades que la mirada cultural ofrece en el estudio de un proceso histórico tan complejo. En concreto, cómo observar el campo artístico, fraccionado en sus instituciones, universos simbólicos y agentes, se podrían iluminar algunas de las sombras de la construcción del Estado-nación decimonónico.Palabras clave: Estado liberal, siglo XIX, historia cultural, arte.Abstract: In the 1990s, a group of historians reopened the debate on the building of nation states. Perspectives swung between a strong or a weak structure for European states. This cultural wave in contemporary history introduced new viewpoints that can now be summarised in a “bottom up” analysis of state building. Continuing with this line of thought, this work explores the possibilities opened up by adopting a cultural perspective of such a complex historical process. Specifically, how observing the artistic field, with its lines dividing institutions, symbolic universes and agents, could shed new light on nineteenth-century nation-state building.Key words: liberal State, 19th century, Cultural history, art.
La historia del Arte en España. Devenir, discursos y propuestas
Authors: Nuez Santana José Luis de la
Published: May 2019

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Teologías del Sur. El giro descolonizador
Authors: Romero Recio Mirella
Published: May 2019

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Improvement of Mother Knowledge Who Have Children Age 2-5 Years About Training Toilet Using a Drawing Media
Authors: Haris Abdul , Harris A
Published: May 2019

Toilet training in children is an attempt to train children to be able to control urination and defecation. The purpose of this study was to find out the development of pictorial media as a learning method for mothers in training toilet training in children aged 2-5 years in the Work Area of Bolo Health Center, Bolo District, Bima Regency. The design of this study is “Pretest-Posttest, Control Group Design”. The object of the study was 80 mothers who had children aged 2 - 5 years. Data were taken using the checklist sheet. To find out the results of the development of pictorial media as a learning method for mothers in training toilet training in children aged 2-3 years, the Wilcoxon test was performed by statistical tests. The results showed that the knowledge of mothers before toilet training through pictorial media was 29 people (72.5%) lacked the knowledge and 11 people (27.5%) had enough knowledge, after training, there were significant changes, 37 people (92.5) good knowledge and 3 people (7.5%) enough knowledge. The conclusion of the pictorial media development training can increase maternal knowledge about toilet training in children aged 2-5 years in the Work Area of Bolo Community Health Center, Bolo District, Bima Regency.
Increasing Inflorescence Dry Weight and Cannabinoid Content in Medical Cannabis Using Controlled Drought Stress
Authors: Caplan Deron , Dixon Mike , Zheng Youbin
Published: May 2019

Controlled application of drought can increase secondary metabolite concentrations in some essential oil-producing crops. To evaluate the effects of drought on cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) inflorescence dry weight and cannabinoid content, drought stress was applied to container-grown cannabis plants through gradual growing substrate drying under controlled environment. Fertigation was withheld during week 7 in the flowering stage until midday plant water potential (WP) was approximately −1.5 MPa (drought stress threshold). This occurred after 11 days without fertigation. A well-irrigated control was used for comparison. Leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), plant WP, wilting (leaf angle), and volumetric moisture content (VMC) were monitored throughout the drying period until the day after the drought group was fertigated. At the drought stress threshold, Pn was 42% lower and plant WP was 50% lower in the drought group than the control. Upon harvest, drought-stressed plants had increased concentrations of major cannabinoids tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) by 12% and 13%, respectively, compared with the control. Further, yield per unit growing area of THCA was 43% higher than the control, CBDA yield was 47% higher, ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) yield was 50% higher, and cannabidiol (CBD) yield was 67% higher. Controlled drought stress may therefore be an effective horticultural management technique to maximize both inflorescence dry weight and cannabinoid yield in cannabis, although results may differ by cannabis cultivar or chemotype.
Vegetative Propagation of Mountain Fly Honeysuckle (Lonicera villosa) by Overhead Mist and Subirrigation
Authors: Hayes Darren J. , Peterson Bryan J.
Published: May 2019

We assessed adventitious root formation on stem cuttings of mountain fly honeysuckle [Lonicera villosa (Michx.) Schult.] in separate experiments using overhead mist and subirrigation systems. The concentration of applied potassium salt of indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA) and the proportions of coarse perlite and milled peatmoss in the propagation medium were varied within both systems. Across treatments, 98% of cuttings in the overhead mist system and 85% of cuttings in the subirrigation system produced roots. In the overhead mist system, root volume, root dry weight, and number of root tips were greatest among cuttings treated with 4000 to 12,000 mg·L−1 K-IBA and stuck into 100% perlite. In the subirrigation system, root dry weight was not significantly affected by K-IBA concentration, but the greatest root volume and number of root tips were produced by cuttings treated with 8000 or 12,000 mg·L−1 K-IBA and stuck into 100% perlite. Despite the natural affinity of mountain fly honeysuckle for moist, organic soils, all of the 18 rooted cuttings we planted in a landscape trial survived and grew appreciably with minimal care over 2 years in a mineral field soil. We conclude that cuttings of mountain fly honeysuckle can be propagated readily by overhead mist or subirrigation, that root system quality is improved substantially by increasing K-IBA concentration and using coarse perlite without peatmoss, and that mountain fly honeysuckle can be grown in typical horticultural landscapes.
Postemergence Weed Control in Warm-season Turfgrass with a Mixture of Pyrimisulfan and Penoxsulam
Authors: Brosnan James T. , Breeden Gregory K.
Published: May 2019

Pyrimisulfan is a sulfonanilide herbicidal inhibitor of acetolactate synthase (ALS) used to control grass and sedge weeds of rice (Oryza stricta L.) production. Penoxsulam is an ALS-inhibiting herbicide that provides early postemergence control of broadleaf weeds in managed turfgrass. Separate field trials were conducted in Knoxville, TN, during Summer 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the efficacy of pyrimisulfan + penoxsulam for control of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.), wild violet (Viola spp.), ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea L.), and virginia buttonweed (Diodia virginiana L.) in common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) turf. All treatments were applied on a granular fertilizer carrier (mean particle size, 1.5 mm) that contained 21% N : 0% P2O5 : 3% K2O. Treatments were applied at an early postemergence growth stage during April of each year and were irrigated into the soil within 24 hours of application. Weed control was assessed from 4 to 10 weeks after initial treatment (WAIT) relative to untreated control plots in each replication. White clover and wild violet were controlled effectively with pyrimisulfan + penoxsulam at 70 + 70 g·ha−1 whereas sequential applications at either 70 + 70 g·ha−1 followed by 35 + 35 g·ha−1 or 52.5 + 52.5 g·ha−1 followed by 52.5 + 52.5 g·ha−1 were needed to control yellow nutsedge, ground ivy, and virginia buttonweed effectively. Future research should explore long-term control of these species, particularly wild violet, ground ivy, and virginia buttonweed with pyrimisulfan + penoxsulam applied over multiple seasons. Chemical names: 2′-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)(hydroxy) methyl]-1,1-difluoro-6′-(methoxymethyl)methanesulfonanilide (pyrimisulfan); 2-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-N-(5,8-dimethoxy1,2,4triazolo 1.5-c-pyrimidin-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide (penoxsulam).
Characterization and Development of EST-SSR Markers from Transcriptome Sequences of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum ×morifolium Ramat.)
Authors: Fan Min , Gao Yike , Gao Yaohui , Wu Zhiping , Liu Hua , Zhang Qixiang
Published: May 2019

Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are valuable for genetic and breeding applications, but SSR resources for the ornamental genus chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum ×morifolium Ramat.) are still limited. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are sources of SSRs that represent an opportunity to develop SSRs to accelerate molecular breeding in chrysanthemum. In total, 4661 SSR loci were identified from 3823 SSR-containing unigenes in the chrysanthemum transcriptome with an average of one SSR per 6.98 kb. Of these SSR sequences, trinucleotide repeats (30.0%) predominated, followed by dinucleotide repeats (17.9%). In total, 1584 primer pairs were subsequently synthesized. By screening the parents and six individuals of the F1 progeny, 831 (52.5%) valid EST-SSR markers were identified, of which 361 (43.4%) were polymorphic. The annotation of unigenes containing polymorphic SSRs indicated that 330 (93.5%) demonstrated significant homology to other plant protein sequences. Twenty-five polymorphic EST-SSR markers were further selected for transferability analysis and exhibited 93% amplification in six Ajania species and six other Chrysanthemum species. Based on genotyping of the 59 samples, neighbor-joining analysis revealed six phylogenetic groupings, which was confirmed by population structure analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Phylogenetic relationships among the 59 samples revealed by SSRs were highly consistent with the traditional taxonomic classification of Chrysanthemum and Ajania. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.29 to 0.86, with a mean of 0.67, indicating high levels of informativeness. This research reveals the SSR distribution characteristics of chrysanthemum and provides a large number of new EST-SSR markers for further genetic diversity studies, genetic mapping, and molecular marker-assisted selection breeding for chrysanthemum.
Responses of Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa Transplants to Elevated Ambient CO2 Concentration
Authors: Li Ming , Song Wei-tang
Published: May 2019

Long-term exposure to an elevated ambient carbon dioxide (eCO2) concentration could weaken or diminish the enhancement of plant photosynthesis and growth. To monitor this response and offer references for growth management, the whole-plant photosynthetic rate (Pn,w) and dark respiration rate (Rd,w) of Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa transplants were monitored with a growth chamber. The results showed that eCO2 increased both the Pn,w and Rd,w by (79 ± 42) % and (126 ± 51) %. The dry weight of transplants under eCO2 was 33.6% greater than that under aCO2. However, the photosynthetic acclimation to eCO2 occurred. The increase in the Pn,w was maintained until the end of the experiment due to increased leaf area. Moreover, the increase in plant dry weight mainly occurred in the first 15 days of treatment. Furthermore, the dry weight estimated based on the Pn,w and Rd,w agreed well with the measured dry weight. The relative growth rate (RGR) calculated with the estimated dry weight demonstrated the response of transplant growth to eCO2. These results indicated that the proposed method can be used to monitor the response of plant growth to eCO2.
Effect of Season on Growth, Productivity, and Postharvest Quality of Baby Spinach
Authors: Mudau Ambani R. , Soundy Puffy , Araya Hintsa T. , Mudau Fhatuwani N.
Published: May 2019

Spinach is an annual, cool-season, green leafy vegetable that in temperate areas can be grown year-round. However, different seasons can influence the quality and shelf life of the produce. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of different seasons on the quality of baby spinach leaves during growing and postharvest storage. The study was initiated in early Nov. 2013 and culminated toward the end of Oct. 2014, then was repeated from Nov. 2014 until Oct. 2015. A 4 × 5 × 3 factorial experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates per treatment. The treatments were arranged as follows. In autumn, winter, spring, and summer, leaves were kept up to 12 d at three different temperatures: 4, 10, and 20 °C. Parameters recorded are weight loss, leaf length, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. Results of the study demonstrate that the level of antioxidants in winter remained stable during storage, specifically at 4 °C, followed by autumn and spring. In contrast, the summer season reflected the worse potential of retaining a level of antioxidants compared with the other seasons. On day 12, at a storage temperature of 4 °C, winter maintained 0.55 mg·g–1 dry weight (DW), whereas autumn, spring, and summer had 0.41, 0.40, and 0.11 mg·g–1 DW, respectively. In conclusion, it is recommended that baby spinach growers consider winter, autumn, and spring for growing baby spinach to manage the quality favorably during the postharvest storage period in South Africa.
Blackberry Cultivar Feeding Preference of Adult Japanese Beetles
Authors: Pszczolkowski Maciej A. , Chastain Kyndra , Veenstra Rachel , Kaps Martin L.
Published: May 2019

The Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) is one of the most widespread and destructive invasive insect pests in the eastern United States. Blackberry (Rubus sp.) production in the United States has increased significantly in recent years. With the introduction of new blackberry cultivars, insect resistance should become the focus of further breeding efforts. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the susceptibility of 13 blackberry cultivars to the Japanese beetle. The seasonal population dynamics of this insect, beetle damage to blackberry foliage, and beetle preference of blackberry cultivars were monitored from 2016 to 2018 on a blackberry plantation in Mountain Grove, MO. Japanese beetles feeding on blackberries occurred between 814 to 1251 cumulative degree-days (CDD; base, 10 °C) after 1 Jan. The following cultivars were evaluated: Apache, APF-40, Arapaho, Chester, Chickasaw, Kiowa, Natchez, Osage, Ouachita, Prime-Ark 45, Prime-Jan, Prime-Jim, and Triple Crown. Foliage damage incidence, defined as average percentage of leaves damaged by beetles on a given cane, did not differ among the cultivars. However, average severity of damage, estimated by rating on a scale from 0 (least) to 5 (most) of all damaged leaves on a given cane was different among cultivars. Ouachita and APF-40 exhibited the lowest damage severity rating among floricanes and primocanes, respectively. Apache (a floricane) and Prim-Jan (a primocane) were the most susceptible cultivars. Japanese beetle preferences for cultivars correlated with the degree of foliage damage. Because all blackberry cultivars exhibited similar foliage feeding incidence, but different feeding severity, we suggest the Japanese beetle does not differentiate among blackberry cultivars from a distance, but does upon contact with the foliage of a given plant.