bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A TEOLOGIA DA HISTÓRIA: ASPECTOS FUNDAMENTAIS
Authors: Santos Pedro Miguel Sousa
Published: September 2016

Desde as relações primordiais dos homens com os deuses houve uma necessidade de se conceituar a temporalidade e firmá-la como consequência dessa relação. Salvas as devidas proporções, não foi diferente com a Teologia, é o que o presente artigo pretende tocar: os aspectos fundamentais da Teologia da História que nasce de um Deus, o Singular absoluto, o Cristo, e a sua participação na História empírica que encontra uma sintonia profunda na soteriologia vétero e neotestamentária. O problema é de se entender de que forma um único sujeito pode ser a divisa para a História em sua totalidade. O autor que se toma como referência nessa discussão é o teólogo Hans Urs von Balthasar em seu livro Teologia da História, destacando-se a originalidade como é tratada a História no viés teológico.ABSTRACT: Since the primordial relations of men with the gods there was a need to conceptualize temporality and secure it as a result of this relationship. With the proper proportions preserved, it was no different with theology, which is what this article intends to demonstrate: the fundamental theology of history born of a God, absolute Single, the Christ, and its participation in empirical History which encounters a profound harmony in the old and new testament soteriology. The problem is to understand how one subject can be the division for History in its entirety. The author who serves as a reference in this discussion is the theologian Hans Urs von Balthasar in his book Theology of History, highlighting the originality as it is applied to History in the theological perspective.
PRIORIDADE TEOLÓGICO-PASTORAL DA PNEUMATOLOGIA HOJE: “O ESPÍRITO PRECEDE A VINDA DE CRISTO” (SÃO BASÍLIO)
Authors: Codina Víctor
Published: September 2016

O artigo se propõe recuperar a Pneumatologia – em contraposição ao esquecimento do Espírito na teologia latina – e refletir não só em torno à presença pós-pascal do Espírito na Igreja e no mundo, mas também sobre o Espírito como condição necessária para o acesso ao Senhor, o que implica importantes consequências para a pastoral de hoje.ABSTRACT: The article intends to recuperate the Pneumatology – before the forgotten dimension of the Spirit which has happened in Latin theology – and reflect not only on the paschal presence of the Spirit in the Church, but also on the Spirit as a prerequisite for access to the Lord, which implies major consequences for the pastoral care of today.
“TODOS SERÃO TEODIDATAS” (JO 6,45): DOCILIDADE AO ESPÍRITO, AUTENTICIDADE DA CONSCIÊNCIA E OBEDIÊNCIA À IGREJA
Authors: Josaphat Frei Carlos
Published: September 2016

O artigo apresenta a ética de liberdade proposta pelo Concílio Vaticano II para a Igreja e o mundo. Parte da afirmação: “Todos serão teodidatas”, ou seja, no íntimo da consciência todos os seres humanos abertos ao transcendente estarão unidos direta e imediatamente a Deus. Considera vários paradigmas éticos formulados pelo Concílio. No paradigma pneumatológico ressalta a centralidade da ação do Espírito Santo. A docilidade à Palavra e ao Espírito Santo constitui atitude fundamental para se viver em autenticidade da consciência e obediência à Igreja. No paradigma eclesiológico reflete sobre a Igreja Povo de Deus como comunhão no Espírito e do Espírito; como sacramento do Amor, dedica-se à amplidão e profundidade do Amor, o que é decisivo para o aggiornamento proposto por João XXIII. No paradigma antropológico, mostra a conquista da compreensão de unidade entre dignidade singular da pessoa e a imagem divina da tradição bíblica; sobressai-se o valor da liberdade e o dom da fé, que fundamenta a ética dos valores; esta integra e leva à perfeição a aspiração à liberdade e às liberdades.Abstract. The article presents the ethic of freedom proposed by the Second Vatican Council for the Church and the world. Part of the statement: “all will be teodidatas”, in other words, in the depths of consciousness every human being open to the transcendent will be united directly and immediately to God. Consider various ethical paradigms formulated by the Council. In the pneumatological paradigm the emphasis is on the centrality of the Holy Spirit. The docility to the Word and to the Holy Spirit is a fundamental attitude to live in authenticity of conscience and obedience to the Church. In the Ecclesiological paradigm the reflection on the Church, people of God, as communion in the Spirit and of the Spirit; as sacrament of Love, is dedicated to the breadth and depth of love, what is decisive for the “aggiornamento” proposed by John XXIII. In the anthropological paradigm, the conquest is revealed of the understanding of unity between singular dignity of the person and the divine image of biblical tradition; excels the value of freedom and the gift of faith, which is the basis of the ethical values; this integrates and brings to perfection the aspiration to freedom and freedoms.
ECLESIOLOGIA DO VATICANO II
Authors: Codina Víctor
Published: September 2016

Não se pode compreender a eclesiologia do Vaticano II sem conhecer a vida, o estilo pastoral e o carisma de João XXIII, que convocou o Concílio e abriu o caminho em direção a uma nova configuração eclesial que acabava com séculos de uma Igreja de Cristandade. O Vaticano II implica uma transição de uma Igreja clerical a uma Igreja Povo de Deus, povo de batizados. A passagem de uma Igreja juridicista e legalista a uma Igreja Mistério de comunhão em Cristo. Mudar de uma Igreja triunfalista e ligada ao poder mundano a uma Igreja vivificada pela força renovadora do Espírito. A Igreja está a caminho rumo ao Reino de Deus juntamente com todos os cristãos e com toda a humanidade. A recepção do Vaticano II supõe uma conversão pastoral: voltar ao Evangelho e abrir-se aos novos sinais dos tempos seguindo o Espírito que inspirou João XXIII.ABSTRACT: You cannot understand the Ecclesiology of Vatican II without knowing the life, the pastoral style and the charisma of John XXIII, who convened the Council and opened the way toward a new ecclesial setting that ended centuries of a church of Christendom. The Vatican II involves a transition from a clerical Church to a “People (baptized people) of God” Church. The Vatican II implies the passage from a juridical and legalistic Church to a Church as the Mystery of the communion in Christ. The Vatican II implies the change from a triumphalistic Church and connected to worldly power to a Church vivified by the renewing force of the Spirit. The Church is on its way toward the Kingdom of God together with all Christians and all mankind. The reception of the Vatican II supposes a pastoral conversion: a return to the Gospel and openness to new signs of the times following the Spirit that inspired John XXIII.
LA “TRAMA INTERNA” DE EVANGELII GAUDIUM ENSAYO SOBRE LA FUERZA DE LA ESPIRITUALIDADE EVANGELIZADORA
Authors: Azcuy Virginia R.
Published: September 2016

RESUMEN: Este artículo intenta auscultar el entramado de una espiritualidade evangelizadora en el texto de Evangelii gaudium. La reflexión se estructura siguiendo la lectura de algunos ejes principales de los capítulos I, III y V de la exhortación apostólica, dedicados a “la transformación misionera de la Iglesia”, “el anuncio del Evangelio” y los “evangelizadores con espíritu”, respectivamente. Las influencias de Evangelii nuntiandi y la V Conferencia de Aparecida en la exhortación son notables, aunque no menos importante resulta el peculiar carisma espiritual del papa Francisco; en este horizonte, se sitúa el programa de reforma que él nos presenta en el primer capítulo y en el conjunto del texto. Los capítulos III y V, en sus temas principales, ofrecen el marco para pensar la evangelización y la espiritualidad em relación; otros dos temas parecen prioritarios para completar una aproximación fundamental al documento: la “mundanidad espiritual”, como una de las mayores tentaciones mencionadas en el capítulo II y “el lugar privilegiado de los pobres en el Pueblo de Dios”, considerado en el capítulo IV. Así, la “trama interna” de la exhortación, que puede resumirse en la alegría de evangelizar, se va desplegando em las claves de la transformación misionera, la comunidad evangelizadora, el cultivo de la contemplación y el estilo materno-mariano de la acción eclesial.ABSTRACT: This article seeks to perceive the framework of an evangelizing spirituality in the text of Evangelii Gaudium. This reflection is structured according to an interpretation of the principal points of chapters I, III and V of the apostolic exhortation, chapters respectively titled “The Church´s Missionary Transformation,” “The Proclamation of the Gospel” and “Spirit-Filled Evangelizers.” The influences of Evangelii nuntiandi and the V Conference of Aparecida in the exhortation are notable, although no less notable is the particular charisma of Pope Francis; it is in this horizon that the program for reform is located which the Pope presents in the first chapter and in the rest of the text. Chapters III and V, in their principal themes, offer a frame for thinking of the relationship between evangelization and spirituality; two more significant topics that are important to complete a study of the document are the “spiritual worldliness” that is presented as one of the great temptations mentioned in Chapter II and “the special place of the poor in God´s people” treated in Chapter IV. Thus, the “internal plot” of the exhortation, which can be summarized in the phrase “the joy of evangelizing”, is revealed in the keys of missionary transformation, the evangelizing community, the cultivation of contemplation, and a Marian-maternal style of ecclesial action.
PROMESA, ACUERDO Y SÍMBOLO EN LA UNIÓN ESPONSAL
Authors: Clavel Juan Masia
Published: September 2016

Promessa, contrato e símbolo na união conjugal. Através de uma reflexão anthropologica e evangelica tentamos superar a perspectiva somente jurídica sobre o vinculo conjugal e considerar como cuidar a fidelidade no processo da promessa conjugal e na situação do divorcio. A proteção da promessa pessoal é responsabilidade da consciência dos cônjuges. A proteção do contrato depende do direito. A Igreja testemunha do sentido sacramental da uniâo como simbolo do amor de Deus. Indissolubilidade nao é um ponto da partida senão uma finalidade. Em lugar de falar de uma indissolubilidade abstrata e somente juridica, temos a considerar o cuidado da fidelidade no casamento e da responsabilidade nas situaçãos de divórcio. Devemos distinguir três niveles de problemas. 1) O ensinamento da Igreja baseado no Evangelho. 2) A disciplina canonica pela organização da vida na sociedade eclesiastica. 3) A pratica pastorale na vida sacramental dos crentes. A pergunta sobre o caratteristico do casamento cristiano deve responderse com o Evangelho. As perguntas sobre validade, nulidade e indissolubilidade são perguntas pelo direito canonico. A pergunta sobre ter acesso aos sacramentos pelas pessoas divorciadas e com um novo casamento é uma pergunta pastoral.  ABSTRACT: Promise, contract and symbol in the marriage bond. An anthropological and evangelical reflection about the marriage bond shall take us beyond the question about a juridical vinculum and shall help us to highlight the care of fidelity, both in the process of making the marriage promise and when confronting the unavoidability of a divorce. The protection of the promise is the responsibility of the conscience of husband and wife. The law protects the contract. The Church gives witness to the transcendent symbolism of the union. Indissolubility is not na starting point, but a goal. Instead of an abstract and juridical indissolubility, we comushould emphasise the care of fidelity. Three different realms of problems should be distinguished: 1) The teaching of the Church based on the Gospel. 2) The canonical discipline that organize life in the Church as a society. 3) The pastoral care of the sacramental practice in the life of the faithful. The question about the characteristic of Christian marriage is to be answered from the Gospel. The questions about validity or nullity belong to the realm of Canon Law. The question about the access to the sacraments of divorced persons belong to the realm of pastoral care.
UTOPIAS NEOGNÓSTICAS DO PÓS-HUMANO NA CIBERCULTURA. PARA UMA LEITURA FILOSÓFICO-TEOLÓGICA
Authors: Duque João Manuel
Published: September 2016

Resumo: Propõe-se um exercício de cibercrítica teológica, ou seja, uma análise crítica das tendências pós-humanas inerentes à cibercultura. Partindo do pressuposto de que a cibercultura é atualmente a cultura dominante e de que muitos dos seus elementos possuem caraterísticas gnósticas, são estudadas algumas das suas teorizações mais radicais, em que esse gnosticismo se manifesta de modo mais evidente. Ao desafio do pós-humanismo inerente a certas utopias da cibercultura é contraposta a noção judaico-cristã de pessoa, como base de uma antropologia anti-gnóstica.Abstract: This paper is an exercise in theological cybercriticism, in other words, a critical analysis of post-human tendencies inherent in cyberculture. Assuming that cyberculture is currently the dominant culture and that many of its elements have Gnostic characteristics, some of its more radical theories are studied, in which Gnosticism manifests itself most clearly. The challenge of post-humanism inherent in certain utopias of cyberculture is opposed to the Judeo-Christian notion of the person, as a basis for an anti-Gnostic anthropology.
NO RESPEITO E NO AMOR. ENSINAMENTO DE BENTO XVI E FRANCISCO SOBRE A SOLICITUDE ECUMÊNICA
Authors: Cardoso Maria Teresa De Freitas
Published: September 2016

RESUMO: O artigo apresenta traços do ensinamento de Bento XVI sobre a solicitude ecumênica e uma nota sobre sua renovação e avanço pelo papa Francisco na sua programática exortação Evangelii Gaudium. Depois de se reportar ao compromisso ecumênico do Concílio Vaticano II, considerado irreversível por João Paulo II, e de observar algumas dificuldades, como sobre a Declaração Dominus Iesus, examinam-se entrevistas, discursos e encíclicas de Joseph Ratzinger/Bento XVI, especialmente em relação com uma afirmação da constituição Gaudium et Spes do Concílio Vaticano II, sobre respeito e amor. No final, acrescenta-se uma anotação breve, mas importante, sobre a renovação e o avanço na Evangelii Gaudium do Papa Francisco. Destacam-se o ensinamento de respeito e o amor como fundamentais para o ecumenismo e o diálogo inter-religioso e valorizam-se: a oração e a espiritualidade; o testemunho da fé preservando a harmonia nas diversidades; a gratuidade e a reciprocidade; o diálogo; a promoção do bem e da paz. Finalmente, a abertura, a Igreja em saída, ao encontro dos outros, como é acentuado na Evangelii Gaudium.ABSTRACT: The article presents traces of the teachings of Benedict XVI on the ecumenical concern and a note on its renewal and advancement by Pope Francis in his programmatic exhortation Evangelii Gaudium. After reporting back to the ecumenical commitment of Vatican Council II, considered irreversible by John Paul II, and to observe certain difficulties, such as on the Declaration Dominus Iesus, it examines interviews, speeches and encyclicals of Joseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI, especially in relation with an affirmation of the Constitution Gaudium et Spes of Vatican II, about respect and love. In the end, it adds a brief but important annotation on the renewal and the advancement of Evangelii Gaudium by Pope Francis. Here is highlighted the teaching of respect and love as fundamental for ecumenism and inter-religious dialog and value: prayer and spirituality; the testimony of faith while preserving the harmony of diversity; generosity and reciprocity; dialog; the promotion of goodness and peace. Finally, openness, the Church ready to go out, to meet others, as is emphasized in Evangelii Gaudium.
Hsa_circ_0054633 in Peripheral Blood Can be Used as a Diagnostic Biomarker of Pre-Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Li Muwei , Zhao Zhenzhou , Li Xuejie , Gao Chuanyu , Jian Dongdong , Hao Peiyuan , Rao Lixin
Published: September 2016

The purpose of current study was to investigate the expression characteristic of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in peripheral blood of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and their potentials as diagnostic biomarkers for pre-diabetes and T2DM. In present study, the circRNAs in the peripheral blood from 6 healthy individuals and 6 T2DM patients were collected for microarray analysis. The results indicated that there were 489 differentially expressed circRNAs, of which 78 were upregulated and 411 were downregulated in the T2DM group. Then we selected 5 circRNAs as the candidate biomarkers under a stricter screening criteria and further verified them in another cohort (control group, n=20; pre-diabetes group, n =20; T2DM group; n=20). 3 of the 5 circRNAs presented upregulated expression in the experimental groups, including 2 circRNAs of the T2DM group that had higher expression than the pre-diabetes group. Hsa_circ_0054633 was identified to have the largest area value under the carve (AUC). In another independent cohort (control group, n=60; pre-diabetes group, n=63; T2DM group, n=64), the diagnostic capacity of hsa_circ_0054633 was tested. The results showed that the AUC for the diagnosis of pre-diabetes was 0.751(95% confidence interval=[0. 666-0.835], P＜0.001) while it was 0.793 ([0.716-0.871], P＜0.001) for the diagnosis of T2DM. After including the risk factors of T2DM, the AUC increased to 0.841 ([0.773-0.910], P <0.001) and 0.834 ([0.762-0.905], P <0.001), respectively. Hsa_circ_0054633 presented a certain diagnostic capability for pre-diabetes and T2DM.
Epidemic Analysis and Mathematical Modelling of H1N1 (A) with Vaccination
Authors: Jonnalagadda Jagan Mohan , Gaddam Kartheek
Published: September 2016

This article investigates a proposed new mathematical model that considers the infected individuals using various rate coefficients such as transmission, progression, recovery and vaccination. The fact that the dynamic analysis is completely determined by the basic reproduction number is established. More specifically, local and global stabilities of the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium are proved under certain parameter conditions when the basic reproduction number is below or above unity. A realistic computer simulation is performed for better understanding of the variations in trends of different compartments after the outbreak of the disease.
ODK Scan: Digitizing Data Collection and Impacting Data Management Processes in the Tuberculosis Control Program of Pakistan
Authors: Ali Syed Mustafa , Powers Rachel , Beorse Jeffrey , Naureen Farah , Noor Arif , Anjum Naveed , Ishaq Muhammad , Aamir Javariya , Anderson Richard
Published: September 2016

The present grievous situation of the tuberculosis disease can be improved by efficient case management and timely follow-up evaluations. With the advent of digital technology this can be achieved by quick summarization of the patient-centric data. The aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness of the ODK Scan paper-to-digital system during testing period of three months. A sequential, explanatory mixed-method research approach was employed to elucidate technology use. Training, smartphones, application and 3G enabled SIMs were provided to the four field workers. At the beginning, baseline measures of the data management aspects were recorded and compared with endline measures to see the impact of ODK Scan. Additionally, at the end, users’ feedback was collected regarding app usability, user interface design and workflow changes. 122 patients’ records were retrieved from the server and analysed for quality. It was found that ODK Scan recognized 99.2% of multiple choice bubble responses and 79.4% of numerical digit responses correctly. However, the overall quality of the digital data was decreased in comparison to manually entered data. Using ODK Scan, a significant time reduction is observed in data aggregation and data transfer activities, however, data verification and form filling activities took more time. Interviews revealed that field workers saw value in using ODK Scan, however, they were more concerned about the time consuming aspects of the use of ODK Scan. Therefore, it is concluded that minimal disturbance in the existing workflow, continuous feedback and value additions are the important considerations for the implementing organization to ensure technology adoption and workflow improvements.
ESWT Enhances Expression of Pdia-3 which is a Key Factor of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Rapid Membrane Signaling Pathway in Treatment of Early Osteoarthritis Knee
Authors: Hsu Shan-Ling , Cheng Jai-Hong , Wang Ching-Jen , Ko Jih-Yang , Hsu Chih-Hsiang
Published: September 2016

Dysregulation of cartilage homeostasis and the changes in the density and the architecture of the subchondral bone were postulated as a potent mechanically pathological activity contributing to osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is a new, none invasive and effective method in the treatment of animal OA model. In the current study, we demonstrated that shockwave induced the expression of protein-disulfide isomerase-associated 3 (Pdia-3) which is a multifunctional protein hypothesized to be a significant mediator for 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3) signaling pathway using two-dimensional electrophoresis. Histological analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were verified and observed that the expression of Pdia-3 at 2 weeks was significantly higher than that of any other group at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks post-shockwave treatment in early OA knee of rat. The other factors of the 1α,25(OH)2D3 rapid membrane signaling pathway including extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 (ERK1), osteopontin (OPG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13) were measured and significantly increased by qPCR at 2 weeks post-shockwave treatment in early OA knee. Our proteomic data revealed significant Pdia-3 expression in microenvironments of joint tissue that could be actively responded to ESWT, which may potentially regulate biological function of chondrocytes and osteoblasts in the treatment of OA knee.
Bio-Inspired Manufacturing Multi-Agent System for Control and Coordination of AGV Systems
Authors: Micieta Branislav , Durica Lukas , Binasova Vladimira
Published: September 2016

In this paper, modelling, simulation and verification of multi-agent manufacturing system with application of bio-inspired techniques are addressed. To this end, the new solution of abstract architecture for control and coordination decentralized systems - CODESA is suggested. Centralized architecture suffers from various problems, such as rigidity, scalability, low fault-tolerance or very limited flexibility, agility, energy efficiency and productivity. Prime is concrete application of CODESA in manufacturing domain. The undesirable characteristics of emergent behaviour are the problem to achieve optimization and impossibility to predict future states of the system. CODESA-Prime has been tested by simulations for automatic guided vehicle (AGV) systems guided by magnetic tape in Ella Software Platform.
From observed successions to quantified time: formalizing the basic steps of chronological reasoning
Authors: Desachy Bruno
Published: September 2016

This paper is about the chronological reasoning used by field archaeologists. It presents a formalized and computerizable but simple way to make more rigorous and explicit the moving from the stratigraphic relative chronology to the quantified “absolute” time, adding to the usual Terminus Post Quem and Terminus Ante Quem notions an extended system of inaccuracy intervals which limits the beginnings, ends and durations of stratigraphic units and relationships. These intervals may be processed as an inequations system, integrating stratigraphic order relationships and available dating sources. Questions about chronological units grouping, about the differences between stratigraphic time and historical time, about the extension of the exposed chronological frame to historic entities, and about the processing of uncertainties, are discussed. Finally, the present state of computerized tools using this way is briefly indicated.
EFL Students’ Preferences toward the Lecturer’s Corrective Feedback in Business Letters Writing
Authors: Sanu La Ode
Published: September 2016

This study aimed to investigate; the students’ preferences toward the lecturer’s corrective feedback in the business letter writing and their reasons why they preferred for particular corrective feedback types. A case study was used by involving 15 EFL students who enrolled the Business Correspondence Course. The questionnaire and interview were used as the research instruments. This study revealed that; (1) the students preferred to receive lecturer correction (M=5.00), followed by lecturer-students conferencing (M=4.13), peer-correction (M=2.73), error identification (M=2.00), lecturer commentary (M=1.93), and self-correction (M=1.27). (2) the students’ reasons at choosing the lecturer correction were getting the directly good correction from the lecturer, which it would be used as the reference/guide for further improvements both linguistic accuracy and business letter organization. In lecturer-students conferencing, beside they got good correction and grateful appreciation from both their lecturer and other students, they could learn and share the knowledge of errors made together; however they ashamed their linguistics errors, low ability and knowledge in formatting good business letter could be known by others. In peer-correction, the students got the unsatisfied and satisfied corrective feedback from their peers; and they were doubt with their peers’ ability and knowledge in giving correction. In Error identification and lecturer commentary, it was difficult for the students to diagnose the real errors and to correct them. Finally, the reasons of self-correction were useless and unsatisfied to evaluate their own work since they had limited ability and knowledge in formatting the business letter writing effectively.
Automatización en el hogar: un proceso de diseño para viviendas de interés social
Authors: Quintana G. Boris Andrés , Pereira Poveda Vietnam Rafaela , Vega S. Cindy Nayid
Published: September 2016

Rev.esc.adm.negEl presente artículo, presenta una investigación basada en el desarrollo de un sistema empleado para la ayuda a viviendas de bajos recursos por medio de sistemas domóticos. Tradicionalmente, han sido diseñados y elaborados para grupos de elevado poder adquisitivo, sin considerarse la responsabilidad ambiental y social de su producción e instalación. Es por ello que se realizó un estudio en el que se lograron identificar todos estos factores que aumentan el costo, con el fin de establecer la posibilidad de involucrar proyectos domóticos en viviendas de la población menos favorecida, a fin de implementar tecnología de autoproducción energética para el diseño y fabricación de objetos que contribuyan a la concientización del desperdicio energético del ser humano, y por otra más fundamental, al desarrollo económico en este grupo de base social. El trabajo no solo fue investigativo sino también de campo, el cual se verá identificado más adelante, con el fin de presentar este sistema de forma asequible para la comunidad mencionada.
Indicadores de síntomas ADHD en el contexto de aprendizaje virtual, utilizando técnicas de aprendizaje automático
Authors: Mancera Valetts Laura Patricia , Baldiris Navarro Silvia Margarita , Betancur Chicué Viviana
Published: September 2016

Rev.esc.adm.negEste artículo presenta un proceso de modelado de usuario, específicamente un modelado de estudiante, en un ambiente virtual de aprendizaje, que permite inferir la presencia o no de síntomas del Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH). El modelo de usuario es construido teniendo en cuenta tres características del estudiante: Conducta de comportamiento (BC), Rendimiento de funciones ejecutivas (EFP), y estado emocional (ES). Para inferir si un estudiante puede tener un perfil asintomático de TDAH, se usa un grupo de reglas de clasificación que usan los resultados obtenidos en cada característica como datos de entrada para su funcionamiento. Basados en las pruebas del modelo propuesto, se obtiene un grupo de entrenamiento que es usado para preparar un algoritmo de aprendizaje automático, el cual podrá realizar y mejorar la tarea de crear el perfil para cada estudiante de acuerdo a si presenta o no síntomas del TDAH o problemas de atención. Esto, puede ser el primer paso para ofrecer recursos de aprendizajesadaptados a las necesidades educativas de estudiantes que presenten este trastorno.
Optimización de sistemas de gestión académica. Una propuesta de gestión, medición y procesamiento de datos en un entorno virtual de aprendizaje para la toma de decisiones en instituciones educativas
Authors: Ortegón Cortázar Giovanni
Published: September 2016

Rev.esc.adm.negEl presente artículo propone una serie de indicadores académicos para entornos virtuales de aprendizaje y la creación de un sistema de información que integra dichos indicadores. La consolidación y procesamiento de la información en cuanto a modelos de gestión, sistemas de evaluación, procesos y procedimientos permitió obtener resultados estadísticos para la toma de decisiones. Dichos resultados permitieron cuantificar las dimensiones cognitivas, actitudinales e integrales de los estudiantes al establecer criterios de medición y control como promedios individuales y grupales, tiempo de estudio, administración de actividades, análisis de apuntes, retroalimentaciones automáticas, generación de alarmas por bajo desempeño, entre otros.
Estrategias de marketing digital en la promoción de marca ciudad
Authors: Andrade Yejas David Albeiro
Published: September 2016

Rev.esc.adm.negEl propósito de este estudio es el diseño de estrategias de marketing digital para la promoción de Marca Ciudad. Esta investigación teórica está fundamentada en los autores García (2010), Capurro (2006), Montiel (2002), Porter (2012), Flórez (2012), entre otros. La metodología es cualitativa; se realizaron entrevistas estructuradas y semiestructuradas, además de un trabajo de observación participante a los turistas. Con los productos resultados de la investigación, es decir, un manual o guía de marketing y la elaboración de un sistema digital de aplicación móvil y portal web, se busca generar presencia a un clic de distancia en un mundo de comunicación sin fronteras y avanzar en la competitividad de la ciudad.
VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DO CULTIVO DE HORTALIÇAS EM SISTEMA HIDROPÔNICO EM CAMETÁ-PA
Authors: ALMEIDA RAIMUNDO PANTOJA , Martins Byanca Dos Santos , Palheta Ivanete Cardoso , De Paula Manoel Tavares
Published: September 2016

A hidroponia envolve técnicas de cultivo em ambiente protegido, em que todos os nutrientes necessários ao desenvolvimento da planta são fornecidos através de solução nutritiva. Esse sistema é visto como vantajoso, uma vez que possibilita maior uniformidade na produção, alta produtividade por área, uso racional de fertilizantes, redução do ciclo de cultivo e produtos de ótima qualidade. A produção de hortaliças utilizando as técnicas hidropônicas apresenta-se como alternativa viável para o produtor rural no contexto de uma economia competitiva e cada vez mais exigente em relação à qualidade dos produtos. O presente estudo objetivou analisar a viabilidade econômica do cultivo de hortaliças em sistema hidropônico, no município de Cametá-Pa, durante um horizonte de planejamento de 05 (cinco) anos. Os dados sobre os custos da produção foram levantados em uma propriedade rural onde foi implantado o cultivo de coentro (Coriandrum sativum L.), couve (Brassica oleracea L.) e alface (Lactuca sativa L.) utilizando casa de vegetação com área instalada de 544 m². Como critérios de avaliação econômica foram utilizadas as técnicas de fluxo de caixa, Valor Presente Líquido (VPL), Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR), Relação Benefício Custo (Rb/c) e Ponto de Equilíbrio (PE), considerando uma taxa de atratividade de 12% ao ano. Constatou-se que a atividade é economicamente viável pelos resultados dos três indicadores econômicos: VPL positivo, TIR maior que a taxa mínima de atratividade de 12% ao ano e Rb/c (R$ 1,95) maior que a unidade, mostrando que a cada R$ 1,00 investido retorna bruto R$ 1,95 ou líquido R$ 0,95. A viabilidade econômica do sistema produtivo analisado indica que tal atividade pode ser considerada uma forma alternativa de produção de alimento e geração de renda para os agricultores locais, além de contribuir para fixação do homem no campo.
Reinventing Universities: Continuing Education and the Challenge of the 21st Century
Authors: Coates Ken
Published: September 2016

Canadian universities are in the midst of a lengthy period of financial uncertainty and public pressures to change, circumstances that add to the pressures on continuing education units and create opportunities for innovative change. The emergence of MOOCs, demands for research relevance, and concerns about the employability of graduates have forced campuses to consider new approaches, implement alternative financial models, find additional revenue, and search for efficiencies.In this environment, continuing education professionals have significant opportunities to provide to the campus-wide university, even after years of being marginalized on many campuses. Continuing education units work with external audiences and clients, have experimented with new revenue sources, have explored and evaluated distance delivery/ technology-based methods, and have become accustomed to living with constant change.While it will be difficult for continuing education units to attract campus-wide attention, particularly from traditional academic disciplines, there is a strong likelihood that universities as a whole will need the insights, strategies, approaches, pedagogy, and business models that have evolved in the outreach divisions in recent decades.
University Continuing Education in the 21st Century: Aspects and Perspectives
Authors: Archer Walter
Published: September 2016

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Are Adult Educators and Learners ‘Digital Immigrants’? Examining the Evidence and Impacts for Continuing Education
Authors: Smith Erika
Published: September 2016

Over the past decade, Prensky’s distinctions between “digital immigrants” and “digital natives” have been oft-referenced. Much has been written about digital native students as a part of the Net generation or as Millennials. However, little work fully considers the impact of digital immigrant discourse within the fields of adult learning and continuing education. It is promising that rather than being digitally challenged immigrants for whom new learning technologies are completely foreign, adults of different ages can bring valuable knowledge and skills to e-learning environments that enable them to achieve academic success. These are important findings, since e-learning is increasingly recognized as an important part of learning across the life-course. With the growing body of research evidence countering common digital native and immigrant distinctions and critiquing an underlying technological determinism informing such arguments, how might practitioners respond to these discourses in their own educational contexts? With a focus on digital immigrants, the purpose of this article is to provide critical consideration of current research evidence on digital native/immigrant distinctions that impact educators and learners within the field of continuing education.
Production and Soil Responses to Intercropping of Forage Grasses with Corn and Soybean Silage
Authors: Pariz Cristiano M. , Costa Ciniro , Crusciol Carlos A. C. , Meirelles Paulo R. L. , Castilhos André M. , Andreotti Marcelo , Costa Nídia R. , Martello Jorge M. , Souza Daniel M. , Sarto Jaqueline R. W. , Franzluebbers Alan J.
Published: September 2016

Agricultural management systems are needed to simultaneously enhance production, and improve soil quality. We investigated the effects of intercropped grass on production of corn (Zea mays L.) harvested for silage at 0.20 and 0.45 m height in the summer, as well as on production of subsequent forage, silage soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and soil responses on a Typic Haplorthox in Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Palisade grass [Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) R. Webster ‘Marandu’] was the introduced companion crop with corn (Years 1 and 2), while signal grass [Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R. Webster ‘Basilisk’] was the residual weedy species in comparison. Guinea grass [Urochloa maxima (Jacq.) R. Webster ‘Aruãna’] was the introduced companion crop with soybean (Year 3), with only a residual effect of crop systems from the previous 2 yr. When cut at 0.45 m compared with 0.20 m height, corn intercropped with palisade grass had greater leaf nutrient concentrations, agronomic characteristics, forage mass of pasture for grazing by lambs (Ovis aries), greater surface mulch produced, and greater quantity of N, P, and K returned to soil. Greater soil organic matter, P, K, and Mg concentration, and base saturation in the surface soil depth and lower soil penetration resistance at all depths occurred at 0.45 m than at 0.20 m corn silage cutting height intercropped with palisade grass. Analyzing the system as a whole, harvesting corn silage crop with palisade grass intercrop at 0.45 m height was the most viable option in this integrated crop–livestock system (ICLS).

Core Ideas

Agricultural management systems are needed to enhance production and improve soil quality.

After corn silage harvest, pasture was grazed by lambs in winter/spring using a semi‐feedlot system.

Harvesting corn silage crop with palisade grass intercrop at 0.45 m height was the most viable option.
Selecting Turfgrasses and Mowing Practices that Reduce Mowing Requirements
Authors: Law Quincy D. , Bigelow Cale A. , Patton Aaron J.
Published: September 2016

Mowing remains one of the most energy‐intensive cultural practices in maintaining a turf sward. Turfgrass systems can become a larger net C sink if mower emissions are reduced. Establishing slow‐growing turfgrasses has been proposed to reduce mowing requirements. Traditional recommendations for home lawns are to mow by the “one‐third rule” and return grass clippings. However, their impact on annual mowing requirements remains largely unknown. This study aimed to determine (i) the number of required mowing events when mowing weekly versus using the one‐third rule; (ii) the influence of returning grass clippings on mowing requirements, dry matter yield (DMY), and leaf tissue N (LTN); and (iii) how turfgrasses with differing growth rates influence mowing requirements, DMY, and LTN. The one‐third rule decreased mowing requirements by 31% (approximately eight mowing events yr−1) and returning grass clippings added approximately two additional mowing events yr−1. Tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Durmort., nom. cons.; Festuca arundinacea Schreb.] required more annual mowing events than Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.)(nine and three more in 2012 and 2013, respectively). Tall fescue had a greater 2‐yr cumulative DMY than Kentucky bluegrass (875 vs. 522 g m−2). Growth rate (i.e., cultivar) also affected annual mowing requirements and yield: the faster the growth rate, the more annual mowing events. Leaf tissue N concentrations were higher when clippings were returned and with slower‐growing cultivars. Mowing by the one‐third rule and selecting slower‐growing cultivars of turfgrass species adapted to a particular location can reduce annual mowing requirements and subsequent mower emissions.
Characterization and Mapping of Anthracnose Resistance Gene in Mesoamerican Common Bean Cultivar Crioulo 159
Authors: Coimbra‐Gonçalves Gislayne K. , Gonçalves‐Vidigal Maria C. , Coelho Rafael Tessaro , Valentini Giseli , Vidigal Filho Pedro S. , Lacanallo Giselly F. , Sousa Lorenna L. , Elias Haroldo T.
Published: September 2016

The common bean cultivar Crioulo 159 provides a valuable source of resistance to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara. The objective of this study was to characterize the genetic resistance of Crioulo 159 to C. lindemuthianum races 2, 64, 73, and 2047 through inheritance, allelism testing, and molecular analysis. Populations were obtained from crosses between Crioulo 159 and cultivars possessing anthracnose resistance genes. Inheritance tests performed in the F2 population and F2:3 families derived from Crioulo 159 (R, resistant) × Cornell 49–242 (S, susceptible) and inoculated with races 2047 and 73 showed segregation that fit ratios of 3R:1S and 1RR:2RS:1SS, respectively, indicating the action of a dominant resistance gene in Crioulo 159. The absence of recombination between two identical sets of F2:3 families inoculated with C. lindemuthianum race 2047 and 73, respectively, allowed the conclusion that a single dominant gene controls the resistance of Crioulo 159 to both races. Allelism tests revealed the independence of the gene in Crioulo 159 from those previously characterized for anthracnose resistance genes. Based on the results, we propose naming this newly discovered anthracnose resistance gene in Crioulo 159 as Co‐16. Molecular analyses revealed that sequence‐tagged site marker g2467900/800 is linked in coupling phase at 4.8 cM from the Co‐16 locus on chromosome Pv04. Additionally, molecular markers g2303, BARCPVSSR04561 and BARCPVSSR04570, which are linked to the Co‐34 allele in Ouro Negro, were not linked to the Co‐16 gene in Crioulo 159.
Effects of Soil Salinity on Tocopherols, Tocotrienols, and γ‐Oryzanol Accumulation and their Relation to Oxidative Stress in Rice Plants
Authors: Tung Yu‐Hsiang , Ng Lean‐Teik
Published: September 2016

Tocopherols (Toc), tocotrienols (T3), and γ‐oryzanol (GO) are major bioactive compounds of rice that have been known to possess various pharmacological properties. Understanding the stress effects on the accumulation of these compounds may aid in the improvement of rice grain quality. In this study, our aim was to examine the effects of soil salinity on Toc, T3 and GO contents, as well as their role in antioxidant status in rice plants. Four levels of salinity treatments with electrical conductivity values of 0, 2, 4, and 8 dS m−1were conducted during the reproductive stage of rice (95 d after transplanting). Compared with the control, results showed that salinity treatments significantly increased the contents of total T3, α‐Toc, α‐T3, and γ‐T3 in the rice grains; however, there was no difference in the content of total Toc. Under high salinity (electrical conductivity value 8 dS m−1) conditions, GO concentration increased significantly in the grains while that of γ‐Toc decreased. Salinity treatments caused malondialdehyde content to increase in the rice straws, while H2O2level was not affected. Increasing salinity led to a significant decrease in ascorbate concentration in the rice straws and grains, and enhanced superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase activities in the rice straws; however, the enzymatic antioxidant activities in the rice grains were lower as compared with the control group. This study suggests that moderate increases in soil salinity can enhance T3 and GO accumulation in the rice grains.
Influence of the Semi‐dwarf Growth Type on Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Winter Oilseed Rape
Authors: Miersch Sebastian , Gertz Andreas , Breuer Frank , Schierholt Antje , Becker Heiko C.
Published: September 2016

A higher nitrogen (N) use efficiency is an important breeding goal in crops such as oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) that are considered less N efficient compared with crops like wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) or barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Changes in the plant ideotype, such as reduced plant height of semi‐dwarf hybrids, are said to result in an increased harvest index and N harvest index. This could lead to a higher N efficiency, especially when N availability is restricted. A double haploid population was developed that was segregating for the bzh dwarf locus, with 54 dwarf and 54 normal‐type lines. By crossing with a normal‐type tester, 108 testcrosses were produced with 54 hybrids each of semi‐dwarf and normal types. They were evaluated for seed yield, straw yield, and N content under zero and high N fertilization in six and four trials, respectively, in the years 2010 to 2013. Quantitative trait loci were estimated for N‐related traits across environments. Semi‐dwarf hybrids showed a significantly higher N harvest index, N uptake efficiency, N utilization efficiency, and N use efficiency compared with normal‐type hybrids at N deficiency. The relative contribution of N uptake efficiency to the total genetic variation in N use efficiency was higher in semi‐dwarf genotypes than in normal‐type hybrids at both N levels. Quantitative trait loci of five and two N‐related traits under zero and high N fertilization, respectively, cosegregated with the bzh‐locus on linkage group A06, indicating that the semi‐dwarf growth type has a high influence on N efficiency. We conclude that semi‐dwarf hybrids are better adapted to N deficiency.
Wheat Landraces Currently Grown in Turkey: Distribution, Diversity, and Use
Authors: Morgounov A. , Keser M. , Kan M. , Küçükçongar M. , Özdemir F. , Gummadov N. , Muminjanov H. , Zuev E. , Qualset C.O.
Published: September 2016

From 2009 to 2014 a nationwide effort was made to document, collect, conserve, and characterize wheat landraces grown by Turkish farmers. Spike samples were collected from more than 1600 farmers from 59 provinces, planted as single‐spike progenies, and classified into species, subspecies, and botanical varieties (or morphotypes). Altogether, 95 morphotypes were identified representing three species and six subspecies: einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L.), emmer wheat [T. turgidum subsp. dicoccon (Schrank) Thell.], cone wheat (T. turgidum subsp. turgidum), durum wheat [T. turgidum subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.], bread wheat (T. aestivum L. subsp. aestivum), and club wheat [T. aestivum subsp. compactum (Host) Mackey]. Compared with a nationwide survey in 1920, these findings represent a loss of 50 to 70% of the diversity found in 1920, though in four provinces, little if any loss occurred. Based on the Shannon diversity index (H′) and number of morphotypes, the highest diversity for bread wheat was observed in Manisa, Konya, Iğdır, Diyarbakır, and Tokat provinces and for durum wheat in Adana, Diyarbakır, and Hatay provinces. Socioeconomic data indicated that landrace farmers are found mostly in remote mountainous subsistence communities with very little grain trade, small areas planted to wheat, and relatively simple production technologies. The key reasons famers continue to grow landraces are their grain qualities and adaptation to abiotic stresses. In situ conservation should be targeted at provinces with the highest morphotype diversity, with the rarest landraces, and with the highest share of farmers growing landraces.