bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Percepção das normas da vigilância sanitária pelos agricultores familiares de Joaçaba, Herval d’Oeste e Luzerna
Authors: Fischer Augusto , Marini Daniela , Winck Cesar Augustus
Published: November 2016

Este estudo objetivou identificar as percepções dos agricultores familiares quanto às normas sanitárias para produzir e comercializarseus produtos nos municípios de Joaçaba, Herval d’Oeste e Luzerna, no meio oeste de Santa Catarina. Foram utilizadasas perspectivas da pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa, a abordagem exploratória e descritiva e os procedimentos dapesquisa de campo e documental. Os dados primários foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 135agricultores familiares e complementados com observações. As entrevistas foram realizadas nos sindicatos de trabalhadoresrurais locais e na feira de comercialização de produtos coloniais em Joaçaba. Apurou-se que os agricultores reconhecem anecessidade das normas sanitárias, mas as exigências são excessivas e caras, dificultando as adequações, particularmentepara agricultores com pequena escala de produção e baixa renda. Identifica-se a necessidade de ações públicas de apoiopara implementar as normas sanitárias no cotidiano de agricultores familiares.
Associação entre desempenho econômico e índice de sustentabilidade empresarial da bolsa de valores de São Paulo
Authors: Barakat Simone Ruchdi , Sanches Milton Valejo , MacLennan Maria Laura Ferranty , Polo Edison , Oliveira Junior Moacir de Miranda
Published: November 2016

O efeito das ações socioambientais realizadas pelas empresas nos resultados econômicos suscita um debate de visões antagônicas.Há aqueles que afirmam que a adoção de práticas socialmente responsáveis estimula o desempenho econômicoe, por outro lado, há a visão de que tais práticas são causadoras de custos irrecuperáveis para as empresas. Diante dessadiscussão, o presente estudo teve por objetivo testar se empresas consideradas sustentáveis – listadas no Índice de SustentabilidadeEmpresarial (ISE) – apresentam retornos financeiros superiores aos das demais empresas da Bolsa de Valores de SãoPaulo (BM&FBOVESPA). Utilizou-se o método hipotético-dedutivo e, para análise dos dados, foi realizada uma comparaçãodo comportamento das ações de empresas que compõem a carteira do ISE contra as demais ações do mercado, por meiode um teste paramétrico de comparação de médias (t-test). Os resultados encontrados mostram evidências da superioridadeda carteira do ISE contra as demais empresas no período observado.
O déficit na capacidade estática de armazenagem de grãos no estado de Goiás
Authors: Silva Neto Waldemiro Alcântara da
Published: November 2016

O Brasil tem quebrado recordes na produção de grãos e a expectativa é que para a safra 2013/14 a produção atinja 193,6 milhões de toneladas. Por outro lado, a capacidade de armazenagem está aquém da necessidade. Diante dessa questão, o objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma análise sobre a atual capacidade estática de armazenagem de grãos no estado de Goiás, por mesorregiões no ano de 2013. Foi construído um referencial literário, que discute estudos realizados sobre armazenagem da produção de grãos. O referencial teórico contempla conceitos sobre o tema central e também o efeito econômico da armazenagem. Segundo a literatura, o ideal é que a capacidade de armazenagem seja 20% acima da produção anual. Os resultados apontaram que o estado de Goiás apresenta atualmente um déficit de capacidade estática de armazenagem de aproximadamente 38% com relação a sua produção de grãos.
Conviver e perceber a deficiência: relação e influência nas concepções de uma amostra de discentes de administração
Authors: Da silva Joelma Soares , Pinto Francisco Roberto
Published: November 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar a influência do convívio com pessoas com deficiência nas concepções de deficiência de uma amostra de discentes de Administração. Para consecução desse propósito, foi realizada uma revisão teórica seguida de uma pesquisa de campo com 336 discentes regularmente matriculados em dois cursos de Administração de duas universidades públicas, localizadas na cidade Fortaleza, estado do Ceará. O instrumento de pesquisa foi composto pelo Inventário de Concepções de Deficiência (ICD) e por questões sociodemográficas. Após a estatística descritiva, que serviu para contextualizar a amostra participante, foram feitos os testes de adequabilidade da amostra e do instrumento. O tratamento inferencial se deu por meio de Análise Fatorial e Análise de Regressão Linear Simples. Os resultados alcançados não permitem rejeitar as hipóteses suscitadas e evidenciaram que o convívio com pessoas com deficiência (PCD) influencia positivamente concepções de deficiência da amostra de discentes.
Mais vale parecê-lo que sê-lo? a impressão, o diálogo e a diversidade para gestores de inovação
Authors: Martinez Victor de la Paz Richarte
Published: November 2016

Este trabalho estuda o papel do gestor no tocante à diversidade humana, à impressão e ao diálogo, como fenômenos presentes nas interações pessoais em projetos inovadores. Ancoradas em pesquisa qualitativa, foram conduzidas sete entrevistas com gestores de três empresas que desenvolveram projetos compreendidos como inovadores para esses espaços sociais. Os achados indicam que é a diversidade secundária (estilos de comunicação, valores, crenças, comportamento, background cultural etc.) que mais afeta a gestão de pessoas e, por sua vez, estimula a criatividade, elemento crucial em inovação. O diálogo é outro recurso gerencial desde que haja escuta, sem retaliação ou revide. E, finalmente, que a gestão da impressão deve ser objeto de reflexão para o gestor, seja para analisar a dinâmica das interações humanas em sua equipe de trabalho, seja para transitar em outros espaços organizacionais, com vistas a obter melhores resultados para si, sua equipe e a organização.
Adaptação e validação de instrumento para mensurar a satisfação dos usuários de sistemas de informações no Brasil
Authors: Santana Edilson Helio , Thiago Fernando , Trigueiro Francisco Mirialdo Chaves , Prearo Leandro Campi
Published: November 2016

Este estudo tem por objetivo adaptar o instrumento criado por Doll e Torkzadeh com validação empírica da manifestação da satisfação de usuários finais de sistemas de gestão empresarial no Brasil. Os resultados da análise fatorial exploratória apontaram para a formação de seis fatores de satisfação dos usuários: acurácia, conteúdo, formato, exatidão, facilidade de uso e adequação. Os fatores foram submetidos a análise fatorial confirmatória, a qual sugeriu a exclusão do fator “adequação”. Os resultados foram submetidos a modelagem de equações estruturais para delinear a satisfação dos usuários em relação ao sistema, e os componentes “acurácia” e “facilidade de uso” explicam respectivamente 38,7% e 64,5% da equação. Por fim, obteve-se um instrumento composto por cinco fatores e 30 itens. Em geral, o modelo, em sua adaptação para usuários brasileiros, se mostrou eficaz como instrumento de diagnóstico de satisfação de sistemas de informações.
The Eastern waterfront area of Lisbon: progress, decline and regeneration.
Authors: Nevado Ana
Published: November 2016

Urban regeneration represents the future of contemporary cities, seeking for better life conditions of populations and environment. As a strategy, process and political instrument, it is inserted in strategic guidelines of international communitarian development, implying, on one hand, a constant updating/revision of the legal diplomas of urban planning and management, and, on the other hand, new models of territorial development based on economic competitiveness, globalization, sustainability and social cohesion. The rapid European and Portuguese urban development focus urban regeneration as a priority. In the case of Lisbon, the expansion and the subsequent industrial dislocation shaped new and external urban centralities that are currently inserted in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, requiring specific technical-political organizations. Analysing the complex evolution of post-industrial areas, from expansion/progress until the decline and regeneration, the matter of heritage is one of the most challenging elements in the territory. Since in port and post-industrial areas it is hence notorious, the presence of History, preservation, conservation and/or demolition are present and future challenges to Architects.  We highlight the case of the Eastern waterfront area of Lisbon due to its historic and urban evolution – marked by successive and complex urban and infrastructural transformations – and by its current situation of urban decline that introduces problems, challenges and opportunities of intervention to the technicians that are involved in urban regeneration processes. In the case study, we are able to find many examples of rural and industrial legacy, that reveal the past of that territory. Considering that the past justifies and supports the intervention in the contemporary city and the current scarcity of funds/in times of crisis, it is now crucial to question ways of regenerate declined areas.  We conclude that the territory must be social and economic active and productive, renting pre-existing elements. Especially in the current context of public financial unavailability, it urges to globally rethink urban management strategies - highlighting factors as cooperation, connection and public participation -, and stimulating the intervention departing from the pre-existences, history and heritage.
The geographic square: a public space in the territory
Authors: Pinto da Silva Madalena Ferreira
Published: November 2016

Although city architecture has always been conditioned by factors outside architecture itself, it has always been considered from within its own subject area. Today architecture is seen as subsidiary to other branches of knowledge, and, despite its exuberant forms, it retains an illusory autonomy, confined by assumptions that surpass and depreciate it. Contemporary architecture must reclaim the notion of perpetuity and permanence, so as to create new memories and contribute to the maintenance of collective references that solidify our current history’s forms and the forms of a growing city increasingly difficult to identify.The geographic square’, as an architectural system and as a fundamental element in the contemporary city’s form, may pose a new the (periodically re-assessed) issue concerning the relation between two project practices which have been kept strategically separate: territorial planning and architectural intervention.
The Topology of Marble: The Matter of Estremoz’s Built Heritage
Authors: Silva Cidalia Ferreira , Esteves Luis Duarte
Published: November 2016

This paper addresses built heritage from the perspective of marble as a cross-scale legacy between distant and close places. Through Estremoz marble we make visible that heritage is not only a static element to preserve but a matter continuously in motion across time and space. Topology of marble brings to the fore this awareness of seeing the interconnection between its geological formation, the extraction and the constructive processes, in a multiplicity of cycles still in transformation. The article is structured by the simultaneity of in-here and out-here interconnections: (a) Here and In-here, maps the motion of marble from the quarries with the built urban heritage of Estremoz; (b) Here and Out-here, renders visible the intimate connection with distant places, such as Europe, Africa, and South America.
Chronicle of a death foretold. Or when a National Monument fails its status.
Authors: Capela de Campos Joana , Murtinho Vítor
Published: November 2016

The main goal of every heritage application is to achieve a nomination status to safeguard a property and guarantee its protection so that future generations may inherit some important values that contributed to creating a collective identity. However, that legacy depends on how and what should be protected, which implies a previous selection, which means a policy. To achieve this, any approach to classify a property should be based on a collective reflection about its significance. So, a patrimonial nomination is a juridical and legal status that attributes a value to a place as “heritage”. Nevertheless, that title may not be sufficient to guarantee the property’s most appropriate recognition, understanding or even appreciation of those who manage it, who use it.The aim of this article is to analyse the quality of the declassification decision approved concerning S. Domingos Church in Coimbra. It had been a National Monument since 1910, with a part included within the limits of the property nominated World Heritage by UNESCO, on the 22nd of June, 2013. To achieve that purpose, this work intends to analyse the chronicles of the technical and the historical process by examining them in relation to some pertinent texts that have contributed to the evolution of the concepts and the best practices in the field of heritage, as well as the national and international legal norms and regulations in use.It is not this paper’s intention to judge the decisions that were taken and justified technically and then accepted by those with the highest political responsibility. But it is this work’s intention to study this process so that heritage players may be better prepared to confront and deal with similar situations in the future. Heritage is a profitable resource that should be promoted and it is the community, in this case, the global one, that could lose the attributed value status by a long-predicted death. In this sense, it is our understanding that the most responsible stakeholders, such as the community itself, should be more vigilant for the future, because its common responsibility to pass on a value that was important for the creation of their cultural identity in the past, that it is still important and should, presumably, be important tomorrow.
The Sequel, Building reuse in Lisbon: the case of Modern Cinema Theatres [1904-1957
Authors: Gouveia Alves Joana , Tostões Ana
Published: November 2016

As a consequence of technical evolution, consumerism and mobility, a number of buildings were abandoned despite their location, function or building condition. A prominent example is the cinema theatre, a Modern programme par excellence that had already lost its raison d’être by the end of the 20th century. This paper concerns a sample of 40 cinemas in Lisbon which were built until the start of regular television broadcasting in 1957. After the essential characterization of the venues, based on recent studies, the reuse of these cinemas is analysed from a purely functional point of view. This essay presents some answers and opens a discussion about the reuse of these buildings.The reuse of buildings is a prominent urban problem, in particular in European cities. Reuse is a common and useful word that names a wide range of situations: conversions, adaptive reuse, and rehabilitation, even occupation (Tostões 2014, Tostões 2015a).The relevance of the study of cinema reuse is due to the innovative contribution for the development of Architecture (Alves 2014). Moreover, cinemas were the background of important cultural and social events and therefore part of our collective memory and urban heritage. In Lisbon, as in many other European capital cities, cinemas became paradigmatic urban places of great social value due to the educative role in particular for the illiterate, as a gathering leisure space in the city and the political role as a propaganda medium. The specificities of Portuguese cinema theatres are related to the dictatorship politics and backwardness: the greatest theatres were built by the end of the 1950s, while in central Europe this happened by the end of the 1930s. Only in the 21st century the first studies concerning cinema architecture in Portugal have been published, but none really investigates what happened after their closure.Visits, classification of the building condition and organization of the information into tables allow to have a panorama of the situation, characterized by a wide number of gutting and disrespectful interventions. After this quantitative analysis, the Cinema Ideal case, as the only to be maintained as a regular cinema, as well as some representative case-studies namely the Monumental, the Capitólio, Eden and Cinearte are highlighted in this paper.
Notes towards a project for the quarries landscape of Estremoz Anticline
Authors: Baganha Pedro
Published: November 2016

The area known as Estremoz anticline, in central Alentejo, Portugal, is well known for its marble quarries since the roman period. The industrial activity since mid 20th century resulted in a violently humanized landscape. Until recently the investigation regarding these marble quarries has been typically related with the rationalization of the industrial activity or the environmental issues that arise. This paper will try to take a different perspective on the subject, using the concepts of cultural landscape and industrial heritage.The validation of the hypothesis that this landscape is part of the cultural heritage of its local community must start with the analysis of similar examples worldwide. This paper address three such examples: Caserta's quarries, the Balearic Islands, and Edward Butynsky's photographic investigation. Finally the article proposes a conceptual framework to further research about the subject, aimed at a territorial architectural project for the area.
The Academic Experiences Survey (AES): Measuring Perceptions of Academic Climate in Liberal Arts Institutions
Authors: Galotti Kathleen Marie , Clare Lacey R. , McManus Courtney , Nixon Andrea
Published: November 2016

The Academic Experiences Survey (AES) consists of five scales: Comfortable in College (feeling at ease, at one’s educational institution), Skills (feeling mastery of writing, critical thinking, reading, and other academic skills), Interdisciplinary Understanding (seeing connections among different disciplines), Liberal Arts Integration (understanding what and how different disciplines contribute to a liberal education), and Future Academic Plans (making course, major, sophomore housing, and first-year summer choices with an eye toward future goals). We present data on different scales’ prediction of retention in college, and enrollment in STEM courses, and longitudinal changes over the course of students’ first year in college.
Two Models for Teaching ESL Developmental Readers in College: A Question of Effectiveness
Authors: Knoblock Natalia , Youngquist Judy
Published: November 2016

Finding an effective instruction mode for ESL students in the US educational system has not been an easy task. The country’s secondary and tertiary institutions continue to struggle to meet the needs of their large non-native student populations. The article revisits the debate whether sheltered instruction is an effective model to follow. In our study, a sheltered section of a college-level reading class was more effective in improving students’ reading abilities compared to mainstream sections where the international students were mixed with native speakers.
Is Another Cosmopolitics Possible?
Authors: Blaser Mario
Published: November 2016

The concept of cosmopolitics developed by Isabelle Stengers and Bruno Latour keeps open the question of who and what might compose the common world. In this way, cosmopolitics offers a way to avoid the pitfalls of reasonable politics, a politics that, defining in advance that the differences at stake in a disagreement are between perspectives on a single reality, makes it possible to sideline some concerns by deeming them unrealistic and, therefore, unreasonable or irrelevant. Figuring the common world as its possible result, rather than as a starting point, cosmopolitics disrupts the quick recourse to ruling out concerns on the basis of their ostensible lack of reality. And yet, questions remain as to who and what can participate in the composition of the common world. Exploring these questions through ethnographical materials on a conflict around caribou in Labrador, I argue that a cosmopolitics oriented to the common world has important limitations and that another orientation might be possible as well.
The Blue Years: An Ethnography of a Prison Archive
Authors: Garcia Angela
Published: November 2016

This article is an ethnographic account of an archive of prison letters written by three generations of female kin. Based on long-term ethnographic research in rural New Mexico, it describes the context in which the letters were written, as well as the desires, preoccupations, and practices that transformed them into an archive. I have placed a particular focus on how dislocation and connection manifest in the letters and shape the kinds of narratives the archive tells. Themes of isolation, loss, and memory are explored within the wider context of colonial history and the acceleration of the carceral state. This article seeks to integrate these registers analytically, while elucidating the role of archiving for a subject’s present life.
Scavenger Receptor CD163 and Its Biological Functions
Authors: Onofre Gabriela , Koláčková Martina , Jankovičová Karolína , Krejsek Jan
Published: November 2016

CD163 is a member of scavenger receptor super family class B of the first subgroup. It is mapped to the region p13 on chromosome 12. Five different isoforms of CD163 have been described, which differ in the structure of their cytoplasmic domains and putative phosporylation sites. This scavenger receptor is selectively expressed on cells of monocytes and macrophages lineage exclusively. CD163 immunological function is essentially homeostatic. It also has other functions because participates in adhesion to endothelial cells, in tolerance induction and tissues regeneration. Other very important function of CD163 is the clearance of hemoglobin in its cell-free form and participation in anti-inflammation in its soluble form, exhibiting cytokine-like functions. We review the biological functions of CD163 which have been discovered until now. It seems apparent from this review that CD163 scavenger receptor can be used as biomarker in different diseases and as a valuable diagnostic parameter for prognosis of many diseases especially inflammatory disorders and sepsis.
Subgaleal Migration of the Distal Catheter of a Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
Authors: Erol Fatih Serhat , Akgun Bekir
Published: November 2016

Proximal migration of the distal end of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt has been observed much more rarely than other numerous shunt-related complications. Subgaleal migration of the peritoneal end is one of the samples. In the preset report we have discussed a case of subgaleal migration of the peritoneal end detected as a result of the examinations performed for shunt dysfunction. There was ventricular dilatation on CT scan of the brain. X-ray examinations confirmed proper ventricular catheter and shunt valve placement but a complete migration of distal (peritoneal) catheter into the subgaleal space. Then the patient’s shunt was revised. When our case and the literature were examined, we observed that this complication was frequently encountered during the first postoperative months, in the pediatric ages and in patients with advanced hydrocephalus. Besides, we have detected that the peritoneal catheters had tendency to migration into the subgaleal tissues similar to pre-insertion forms of the preoperatively original packages.
Hybride Modellierung intrakranieller Pulswellen unter Berücksichtigung der kardiovaskulären Kopplung
Authors: Misgeld Berno Johannes Engelbert , Mondal Rajib , Leonhardt Steffen
Published: November 2016

Intrakranielle P-Wellen werden durch das pulsatil einströmende Blutvolumen in das Gehirn verursacht. Die Morphologie der
P-Welle unterscheidet sich allerdings von der Pulswelle in der Aorta durch das Auftreten von Oberwellen. Die
charakteristische Form der Pulswelle wird heutzutage für die Hydrozephalus-Diagnostik verwendet, da diese je nach
pathologischem Zustand und Schwere der Erkrankung in charakteristischer Weise variiert. Ein genaues Modell könnte dabei
in Zukunft in der Diagnose von Normaldruckhydrozephalus eingesetzt werden. Allerdings ist die genaue
Übertragungscharakteristik und Beeinflussung der P-Welle durch den Zustand des intrakraniellen Raumes bis heute
unbekannt. In diesem Beitrag wird daher ein neues Modell verteilter Parameter für das vaskuläre System abgeleitet und mit
einem Modell konzentrierter Parameter des intrakraniellen Raumes gekoppelt. Hierdurch wird erstmalig die Generierung
intrakranieller P-Wellen auf Basis aortaler Druckpulse möglich. Zudem werden über Parametervariationen des Modells
verschiedene P-Wellenklassen, zugehörig zu verschiedenen pathologischen Hydrozephaluszuständen, nachgestellt. Das
vorgeschlagene Modell ist dabei in der Lage, einen Großteil der pathologischen P-Wellen-Klassen von klinischen
Referenzdaten nachzustellen. Die Beeinflussung der P-Welle durch den Zustand des intrakraniellen Raumes wird durch die
Linearisierung der Modelldynamik und Überführung in die Übertragungsfunktion verdeutlicht.
Modeling and closed-loop control of a medical flow generator appliance
Authors: Scheel Mathias , Berndt Andreas , Simanski Olaf
Published: November 2016

The CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) therapy is the most common therapy to treat the obstructive sleep apnoea
syndrome. If the upper respiratory tracts collapse, it may lead to breathing interrupts during sleep. The CPAP-device
provides a positive pressure to splint the airways. The influence on the pressure is different from patient to patient and
their medical condition. It has been shown that many CPAP-devices can not maintain the required pressure set points,
because the mask pressure is seriously influenced by the patient's breathing. In this work the electromechanic part and
pneumatic part of the breathing therapy system is modeled to provide an opportunity for a model-based control
approach. Based on the physical chain of effect an existing control strategy is extended. In the end some control results
are shown and a conclusion is made.
Sorus formation on the holdfast haptera of the kelp Ecklonia radicosa (Phaeophyceae, Laminariales)
Authors: Akita Shingo , Yamada Hirokazu , Ito Madoka , Graham Michael H. , Fujita Daisuke
Published: November 2016

Kelps usually form sori on their vegetative blades or sporophylls, and occasionally on stipes, with a notable exception being the primitive kelp
Morning sickness of pregnancy: more than meets the eye
Authors: Arsad Noorazizah , Chew Kah Teik , Abdul Ghani Nur Azurah , Tan Hui Jan , Wahab Norasyikin A. , Mohd Ismail Nor Azlin
Published: November 2016

Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) is a rare life-threatening complication following severe hyperemesis gravidarum. Early recognition of this condition and prompt thiamine administration is the key to preventing devastating sequelae. We report a successful delivery of a small-for-gestational-age (SGA) baby by a patient with WE and thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy.
Lump-Type Solutions to the (3+1)-Dimensional Jimbo-Miwa Equation
Authors: Ma Wen-Xiu
Published: November 2016

Taking advantage of the Hirota bilinear form, four classes of lump-type solutions to the (3+1)-dimensional Jimbo-Miwa equation are presented through symbolic computation with Maple. Special choices of the involved parameters guaranteeing analyticity of the fourth solution are given, together with two particular lump-type solutions.
A Causal Inference Approach to Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Schnitzer Mireille E , Steele Russell J , Bally Michèle , Shrier Ian
Published: November 2016

While standard meta-analysis pools the results from randomized trials that compare two treatments, network meta-analysis aggregates the results of randomized trials comparing a wider variety of treatment options. However, it is unclear whether the aggregation of effect estimates across heterogeneous populations will be consistent for a meaningful parameter when not all treatments are evaluated on each population. Drawing from counterfactual theory and the causal inference framework, we define the population of interest in a network meta-analysis and define the target parameter under a series of nonparametric structural assumptions. This allows us to determine the requirements for identifiability of this parameter, enabling a description of the conditions under which network meta-analysis is appropriate and when it might mislead decision making. We then adapt several modeling strategies from the causal inference literature to obtain consistent estimation of the intervention-specific mean outcome and model-independent contrasts between treatments. Finally, we perform a reanalysis of a systematic review to compare the efficacy of antibiotics on suspected or confirmed methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin hospitalized patients.
Meaning and inconsistencies of meaning – exploring the perspectives of Norwegian veterans in Afghanistan
Authors: Lien Roger , Firing Kristian , Bendixen Mons , Kennair Leif Edward Ottesen
Published: November 2016

This qualitative study explores the meaning-making process of veterans to address the positive aspects of military service in international operations. Thirteen veterans from a Force Protection Unit in Norway were interviewed about their deployment to Afghanistan. A thematic analysis revealed three main themes reflecting meaningful aspects of the service. “Confirmation of ability” refers to finding meaning by coping with stressful situations and being recognized for it. “Cohesion of peers” refers to finding meaning by belonging to a team and giving mutual support within the team, such as backing up each other and caring. “Significance of effort” refers to finding meaning by seeing their efforts as a contribution, as well as by receiving recognition and gaining status for their efforts. The analysis also revealed accompanying themes of inconsistencies, which in turn activated different coping strategies. The findings have been substantiated through a functional exposition of meaning: purpose, value, efficacy, and self-worth, as advocated by Baumeister (1991), and are discussed in the context of previous research and a theoretical concept of meaning making. Steps for future research are proposed.
Maternal venous SHARP1 levels in preeclampsia
Authors: Ersoy Ali Ozgur , Oztas Efser , Ozler Sibel , Tokmak Aytekin , Ersoy Ebru , Ergin Merve , Danisman Nuri
Published: November 2016

Aim:

Owing to its mysterious etiology, pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE) remains controversial. Here we aimed to compare the levels of an angiogenesis marker, split and hairy related protein-1 (SHARP1), in PE vs. normal pregnancy.

Methods:

Thirty-one patients with early-onset PE (EOPE), 26 patients with late-onset PE (LOPE), and 33 patients as a control group were recruited for this study in a tertiary referral center in Ankara, Turkey. Maternal venous SHARP1 levels and individual characteristics of the three groups were compared.

Results:

Age and body mass indices were similar among the three groups. SHARP1 levels in patients with PE (27.7±13.2 ng/mL) were significantly lower than in the control group (34.7±17 ng/mL) (P=0.006). Additionally, SHARP1 levels were significantly different among patients in EOPE, LOPE, and control groups (P=0.022). Birth weights and Apgar scores in patients in EOPE group were significantly lower than the other two groups and showed a gradual increase from the EOPE group to the LOPE and the control group. Binary logistic regression method demonstrated that maternal venous SHARP1 level was a risk factor for PE.

Conclusions:

Maternal venous SHARP1 levels in PE are lower than a normal pregnancy. Its clinical applicability and role as a candidate for making sense of the distinctive pathogenesis of the EOPE and LOPE remain to be elucidated.
Integrated nanoplasmonic waveguides for magnetic, nonlinear, and strong-field devices
Authors: Sederberg Shawn , Firby Curtis J. , Greig Shawn R. , Elezzabi Abdulhakem Y.
Published: November 2016

As modern complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuitry rapidly approaches fundamental speed and bandwidth limitations, optical platforms have become promising candidates to circumvent these limits and facilitate massive increases in computational power. To compete with high density CMOS circuitry, optical technology within the plasmonic regime is desirable, because of the sub-diffraction limited confinement of electromagnetic energy, large optical bandwidth, and ultrafast processing capabilities. As such, nanoplasmonic waveguides act as nanoscale conduits for optical signals, thereby forming the backbone of such a platform. In recent years, significant research interest has developed to uncover the fundamental physics governing phenomena occurring within nanoplasmonic waveguides, and to implement unique optical devices. In doing so, a wide variety of material properties have been exploited. CMOS-compatible materials facilitate passive plasmonic routing devices for directing the confined radiation. Magnetic materials facilitate time-reversal symmetry breaking, aiding in the development of nonreciprocal isolators or modulators. Additionally, strong confinement and enhancement of electric fields within such waveguides require the use of materials with high nonlinear coefficients to achieve increased nonlinear optical phenomenon in a nanoscale footprint. Furthermore, this enhancement and confinement of the fields facilitate the study of strong-field effects within the solid-state environment of the waveguide. Here, we review current state-of-the-art physics and applications of nanoplasmonic waveguides pertaining to passive, magnetoplasmonic, nonlinear, and strong-field devices. Such components are essential elements in integrated optical circuitry, and each fulfill specific roles in truly developing a chip-scale plasmonic computing architecture.
Social Enterprise in Ireland – Why Work Integration Social Enterprises (WISEs) Dominate the Discourse
Authors: O’Shaughnessy Mary , O’Hara Patricia
Published: November 2016

What is termed the social economy in Ireland includes charities, co-operatives, voluntary associations and non-profits. However, the label is not widely used to describe them collectively so that many organisations within the wider social economy do not identify themselves with, or even fully understand, the term. The concept of social enterprise first emerged in public policy discourse in the 1990s and, since then, has been mainly viewed as a mechanism of job creation/integration and service provision in disadvantaged communities. This perspective on social enterprise has been significantly influenced by European policy. By contrast, in Irish academic discourse, the interpretation of social enterprise is more varied due to the different influences of the US and European intellectual traditions. These variations have contributed to ambiguity about the social economy as a sector, and social enterprises as distinctive forms, and this has compromised attempts to estimate the scale and potential of the sector in Ireland to date. In 2013, as part of the policy response to the unemployment crisis of the economic recession, the Irish government commissioned an examination of the job-creation potential of social enterprise. The Forfás report offered a new official definition of social enterprise, characterised by many of the features of the EMES ideal type. Furthermore, the description and examples of social enterprises included in the report confirmed the dominance of one model of social enterprise in Ireland – the Work Integration Social Enterprise or WISE. The objective of this paper is to discuss how social economy and social enterprise are understood in Ireland and to explain how WISEs have evolved as the dominant Irish social enterprise model to date. The influence of the US (Salamon and Anheier 1997; Dees 1998) and European/EMES academic traditions (Pestoff 1998; Borzaga and Defourny 2001; Nyssens 2006; Defourny and Nyssens 2010, 2012) and EU and national policy perspectives, since the early 1990s, on Irish academic and policy discourse is discussed in this paper. It is argued that the adoption by successive Irish governments of a labour market integration approach, to supporting the development of the Irish social economy, since the early 1990s, has shaped the sector and contributed to the emergence of one dominant social enterprise type, the WISE. Some of the characteristics and impacts of Irish WISE are then discussed together with the challenges they face.
Polyethylene glycol oligomers as siloxane modificators in consolidation of carbonate stones
Authors: Sena da Fonseca Bruno , Piçarra Susana , Ferreira Pinto Ana Paula , Montemor Maria de Fátima
Published: November 2016

The overall performance of alkoxysilanes as stone consolidants is constrained by stone mineralogy (particularly in the carbonate varieties) and by their tendency to crack during drying. In an attempt to overcome these problems, polyethylene glycol “chains” with two carboxylic acid end-groups (PEG-CA) were introduced in siloxane sols obtained by sol-gel chemistry using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as precursor. Different pre-condensation degrees (by varying the stirring times of sol-gel reaction: 10 min, 2, and 24 h) and PEG-CA chains with different molecular weights were studied as variables affecting the initial efficacy of the consolidants when applied into a limestone. The sol containing siloxanes with the lowest pre-condensation degree (10 min stirring) was quite susceptible to the carbonate media and thus a poor consolidation was achieved. The sol with the highest pre-condensation degree (24 h stirring) together with the PEG-CA chains with intermediate molecular weight produced significant and uniform strength gains along the stone depth. The consolidation also showed to be highly dependent on the molecular weight of the PEG-CA chains, the PEG-CA with highest molecular weight produced a non-uniform strength increase with potential harmful side effects. The results confirmed the role of carboxylic acid end-groups as efficient sol-gel catalysts and their ability to be incorporated into the silica matrix in the presence of carbonate stone.
Environmental pediatrics: an introduction and evaluation of online resources
Authors: Weinstangel Hannah , Buka Irena , Campbell Sandra
Published: November 2016

Introduction:

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that three million children under the age of 5 die annually from environmentally related disease. In the United States, the cost of environmentally related public health concerns is estimated as greater than $55 billion. Environmental exposure is among parents’ top health concerns for children. Yet, the study of the effects of environmental exposure on health outcomes is a developing field, and clinicians feel inadequately prepared to address these concerns. The Children’s Environmental Health Clinic (ChEHC) is the first clinic of its kind in Canada. Their website includes a list of online resources on major topics related to child health and the environment. There has not yet been an objective evaluation of the comprehensiveness of the topics or scientific quality of the information on the website. This study seeks to offer an accessible introduction to the field of environmental pediatrics, including an online resource for evidence-based information on key topics in the field. These resources assist in disease prevention, health promotion, education, and the increasing need to balance environmental health risks.

Methods:

A scoping review of scientific and gray literature in the field of environmental pediatrics was performed to inform a written introduction to the field and to identify gaps in the content of the ChEHC website. The content of the ChEHC website was then objectively evaluated using the National Network of Libraries of Medicine checklist for health websites.

Results:

Ten categories within the field of environmental pediatrics emerged from the literature review. A small number of gaps were identified on the website and in the literature. The content of the ChEHC website was found to be of high quality.

Future directions:

The website will be updated using the results of the study as a guide, to make it as relevant, complete, and evidence-based as possible.

Conclusions:

Environmental pediatrics is an important, emerging topic. There is a need for accessible, evidence-based pediatric environmental health resources for clinicians and the general public. The products of this study (a publication and website) respond to that need and thus assist in disease prevention and health promotion.
Religionswissenschaft als Beruf
Authors: Krüger Oliver
Published: November 2016

Der Beitrag ist bemüht, Orientierungen für die universitäre Karriereplanung zu geben. Dazu wurden zum einen 37 Lebensläufe aller Professorinnen und Professoren für Religionswissenschaft im deutschsprachigen Raum betrachtet. Zum anderen wird ein Einblick in die Arbeit von Berufungskommissionen gewährt.
Ancestor Worship and State Rituals in Contemporary China: Fading Boundaries between Religious and Secular
Authors: Seiwert Hubert
Published: November 2016

The paper argues that the distinction between religious and secular realms of society is not as clear-cut in modern societies as it appears in theories of functional and institutional differentiation. The data used are mainly from China with a short excursion to the United States. The starting point is ancestor worship, which is a central element of traditional Chinese religion. The significance of ancestor worship in Chinese history and culture is briefly explained to illustrate on the one hand its central importance as a ritual practice and on the other hand the ambiguities of interpretation. On this basis, some theoretical considerations about the existence of ancestors are presented. This is followed by a report on contemporary temple festivals focusing on the worship of Fuxi, a mythic figure considered to be the first ancestor of the Chinese people. The next step is the description of official state rituals devoted to the worship of the very same mythological hero in contemporary China. Against this backdrop, the last part of the paper discusses the theoretical questions of classification and distinguishing between the religious and the secular.
Virus inactivation under the photodynamic effect of phthalocyanine zinc(II) complexes
Authors: Remichkova Mimi , Mukova Luchia , Nikolaeva-Glomb Lubomira , Nikolova Nadya , Doumanova Lubka , Mantareva Vanya , Angelov Ivan , Kussovski Veselin , Galabov Angel S.
Published: November 2016

Various metal phthalocyanines have been studied for their capacity for photodynamic effects on viruses. Two newly synthesized water-soluble phthalocyanine Zn(II) complexes with different charges, cationic methylpyridyloxy-substituted Zn(II)- phthalocyanine (ZnPcMe) and anionic sulfophenoxy-substituted Zn(II)-phthalocyanine (ZnPcS), were used for photoinactivation of two DNA-containing enveloped viruses (herpes simplex virus type 1 and vaccinia virus), two RNA-containing enveloped viruses (bovine viral diarrhea virus and Newcastle disease virus) and two nude viruses (the enterovirus Coxsackie B1, a RNA-containing virus, and human adenovirus 5, a DNA virus). These two differently charged phthalocyanine complexes showed an identical marked virucidal effect against herpes simplex virus type 1, which was one and the same at an irradiation lasting 5 or 20 min (Δlog=3.0 and 4.0, respectively). Towards vaccinia virus this effect was lower, Δlog=1.8 under the effect of ZnPcMe and 2.0 for ZnPcS. Bovine viral diarrhea virus manifested a moderate sensitivity to ZnPcMe (Δlog=1.8) and a pronounced one to ZnPcS at 5- and 20-min irradiation (Δlog=5.8 and 5.3, respectively). The complexes were unable to inactivate Newcastle disease virus, Coxsackievirus B1 and human adenovirus type 5.
Cold Comfort: Empathy and Memory in an Archaic Funerary Monument from Akraiphia
Authors: Estrin Seth
Published: November 2016

Focusing on a single funerary monument of the late archaic period, this paper shows how such a monument could be used by a bereaved individual to externalize and communalize the cognitive, perceptual, and emotional effects of loss. Through a close examination of the monument’s sculpted relief and inscribed epigram, I identify a structural framework underlying both that is built around a disjunction between perception and cognition embedded in the self-identified function of the monument as a mnema or memory-object. Through the analysis of other epigrams and literary passages, this disjunctive framework is shown to be derived, in turn, from broader conceptualizations in archaic Greece about how both mental images, including memories, and works of art allowed continued visual, but not cognitive-affective, access to the deceased. From this perspective, the monument’s relief opens up to us the experience of the bereaved individual who is only able to connect with the deceased through a remembered mental image.
Catullan Myths: Gender, Mourning, and the Death of a Brother
Authors: Seider Aaron M.
Published: November 2016

This article considers Catullus’ reaction to his brother’s death and argues that the poet, having found the masculine vocabulary of grief inadequate, turns to the more expansive emotions and prolonged dedication offered by mythological examples of feminine mourning. I begin by showing how Catullus complicates his graveside speech to his brother in poem 101 by invoking poems 65, 68a, and 68b. In these compositions, Catullus likens himself to figures such as Procne and Laodamia, and their feminine modes of grief become associated with the poet. While these women’s grief brings them to a dreadful end, in my second reading of poem 101 I show how Catullus incorporates their emotional intensity and devoted attention into a masculine performance of mourning. Connecting his voyage to his brother’s grave with Odysseus’ journey, Catullus valorizes his single-minded remembrance of his sibling, even as he acknowledges that he will never overcome the distance between them.
The Form of Paradox as the Paradox of Form
Authors: Salinas Edgardo
Published: November 2016

Written in 1802, Beethoven’s “Tempest” piano sonata is the iconic work of the “wirklich ganz neue Manier” the composer announced right after his traumatic seclusion in Heiligenstadt. Suffused with asymmetries and contradictions, the sonata’s first movement has long attracted the attention of scholars concerned with the epistemic soundness of sonata form theories. Most conspicuously, the absence in the recapitulation of what seems to be on first hearing the main theme generates a formal paradox that challenges the theoretical models devised to analyze sonata forms.

This article reinterprets that paradox through the prism of Friedrich Schlegel’s theory of form, formulated in his critique of modern art and literature. In doing so, it recasts Beethoven’s “Tempest” sonata and Schlegel’s theory in the light of what I call the paradox of mediated immediacy. It further suggests a genealogical homology between the novel and sonata form to advance a historicized model of musical form that contemplates the material conditions accompanying the consolidation of print culture around 1800.

Situated in this context, the “Tempest” sonata serves as a case study for exploring how Beethoven’s reinvention of the piano sonata reconfigured the interface between form and medium, deploying self-referential strategies that both rendered apparent and resignified the mediations entailed by the compositional practices instituted with the classical style. As a result, Beethoven’s piano sonatas came to operate as technologies of the self that became integral to the fashioning of romantic subjectivities. My reading emphasizes the aural experience induced by the form’s asymmetries, and contends that the absence delivered at its structural crux complicates sonata form practices to afford an experience of immediacy that captures in the medium of piano music the paradoxical condition Schlegel reckoned immanent to the modern self.